bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of intestinal viability in acute intestinal obstruction
Authors: Podkamenev V. V. , Shatunov V. N.
Published: November 2021

In determining the intestinal viability, errors leading to fatal outcomes range from 16.4 to 22.1% [1, 4, 8]. Therefore, the search for ways to objectively assess the state of the ischemic area of ​​the intestine is relevant.Morphological changes in the intestine in this pathology have been studied in sufficient detail. It was found that the basis for the violation of intestinal viability is hemocirculatory disorders, which cause necrosis of the intestinal wall. The latter, as a rule, begins with the mucous membrane and gradually spreads to all layers. Severe dystrophic changes in nerve cells develop, leading to a persistent disorder of the intestinal motor function. Already after 6-9 hours, deep changes in the choroid and nerve plexuses appear in the restrained loop of the intestine.
Shared Ethical Leadership in Teams
Authors:   , Kiker Jason D. , Resick Christian J , Mawritz Mary Elizabeth
Published: November 2021

I adopt a leadership as a networks approach to propose ethical leadership can emerge and be shared among team members. Therefore, I introduce the construct of shared ethical leadership and I begin to build the construct's nomological network by first examining ethical leadership training and shared leadership training as factors which, when additively combined, promote the density of shared ethical leadership in teams. Further, I examine these antecedents by predicting their effects will be optimized when power differentials between team members and their nominal leader are minimized. Moving to the consequences of shared ethical leadership, I propose a four-path model of social learning and social-exchange effects on proximal and distal team outcomes. First, I suggest that shared ethical leadership promotes the emergence of the team moral potency needed to make ethical choices when confronted with opportunities to ethically transgress. I then predict that the team's moral potency mediates the positive relationship between shared ethical leadership and team ethical behavior. Additionally, I argue that shared ethical leadership promotes goal concessions among team members and those goal concessions mediate the positive relationship between shared ethical leadership and team performance. I then suggest that shared ethical leadership promotes team information elaboration, which in turn mediates positive relationships with the team's ethical behavior and performance. I examine the hypotheses in a 2x2x2, between-subjects experiment using a simulated team activity with a sample of 56, 5-person teams (n=280). While the findings indicate a lack of support for most of my hypothesized relationships, the density of team's shared ethical leadership network was found to be positively related to team ethical behaviors. In addition, team information elaboration was positively related to team performance. Based on my findings, the theoretical and practical implications of this research are discussed.
The Implementation of South Sumatera Industrial Downstreaming for Rubber Products Strategic Policy with The Establishment of Tanjung Api-Api Special Economic Zone
Authors: Aisyah Sari Mutiara , Yusa M. Yustian , Supli Nur Aslamiah , Ikhsan OK.Mohammad Fajar
Published: November 2021

The downstreaming option to provide added value to local industries, especially developing countries in the Global Value Chain (GVC) era as a way to increase competitiveness and seizing global markets, is inevitable. This paper focus on the analysis of the developments and limitations faced in the implementation of the Strategic Policy of South Sumatra Rubber Product Downstreaming with the establishment of Tanjung Api-Api Special Economic Zone. At the regional level, the idea of developing SEZ (Special Economic Zone) aims to prepare investment institutions in improving the investment climate in Southeast Asia region and manifesting ASEAN as a single market and production base as a component of the 2015 ASEAN Economic Community. This study used an exploratory and descriptive qualitative research method, where the depth and context of the data are important. Data from this study consisted of secondary data through literature study and analysis of documents and primary data obtained from interview as well as through field research. The author concludes that the industrial downstreaming of rubber products in South Sumatra has not been maximally carried out, it was still segmented, it was not conducted linearly, both production and coordination between the central government and the locals. Tanjung Api-Api SEZ as a hub for international trade and industrialization of rubber commodities also encountered various obstacles including infrastructure (deep sea port) at this point was inadequate, certainty of fiscal incentives for companies relocating to SEZ and licensing.
The Communication Strategy of the Indonesian Solidarity Party (PSI) in the 2019 General Election Political Campaign in New Zealand
Authors: Roennfeld Sylvia , Permatasari Yunita , Kyrychenko Volodymyr
Published: November 2021

This research analyzed the PSI political campaign strategy in gaining votes from overseas voters by taking the case of PSI’s victory in the 2019 general election in New Zealand. The main question in this paper is how the PSI political campaign strategy in New Zealand could win votes in the 2019 general election? To tackle this question, we used a communication strategy theory that emphasizes the vision and mission criteria, programs and activities, objectives and results, audience selection, message formulation, identification of message carriers, and communication/media mechanisms. This research utilized a qualitative method with two data collection techniques—primary and secondary. This research aims to examine the political campaign strategy of PSI in the 2019 general election in gaining overseas voters, specifically focusing on the winning of PSI in New Zealand. This study also aims to draw the campaign strategy, message processing and communication media used to attract overseas voters to gain victory.
‘Velvet Triangles’ in Women, Peace and Security Agenda in Indonesia
Authors: Azizah Nur , Hidayahtulloh Muhammad Ammar , Perwita Lintang Cahya , Maksum Ali
Published: November 2021

Resolution 1325 on Women, Peace and Security (WPS Agenda) has been recognized as a landmark in the history of global efforts to maintain international peace and security by centering women on the agenda. Indonesia has shown its commitment to WPS Agenda by adopting its first National Action Plan (NAP) in 2014. On top of that, Indonesia is also committed to increasing the number of female peacekeepers in the UN peacekeeping missions. This research aims to examine how WPS Agenda as a global normative framework diffuses and is internalized in Indonesia. This research employed a feminist institutionalist approach and a qualitative method. Using the concept of ‘velvet triangles’ by Alison Woodward (2004) as our theoretical framework, we argue that the triangular network of velvet actors—consisting of feminist bureaucrats, civil society organizations’ activists, and gender experts—plays a critical role in making a considerably important space for the diffusion of WPS Agenda within Indonesia’s domestic politics and foreign policy debates. In concluding the article, we propose two considerations taking into account the formal and informal arrangement of the velvet constellation and the transnational scale of the network’s actors to provide a more nuanced conceptual definition of velvet triangles.
Evaluation of a permissible roadbed thawing depth in permafrost
Authors: Galkin Alexandr
Published: November 2021

Roadbed thermal conditions in permafrost are subject to seasonal changes affecting roadway resilience. A roadbed thawing depth is important for road base processing, especially in permafrost. This research had the purpose of evaluation of a permissible roadbed thawing depth based on the Biot number reflecting general thermal resistance of roadbed layers. These results will contribute to understanding road bed thermal resistance and selection of roadway construction materials.
Energy efficiency comparison of three-phase transverse and longitudinal field inductors
Authors: Kinev Evgeni , Tyapin Alexei , Panteleev Vasili , Pervukhin Mikhail , Efimov Sergei
Published: November 2021

The paper presents the results of energy efficiency and traction evaluation of linear induction machines for with molten aluminum recycling furnaces. Ansys Maxwell software was used for the synthesis of 3D parametric models of electromagnetic fields for a large air gap furnace. Interchangeable modules of three-phase transverse and longitudinal field inductors were used as a subsystem of a parametric model. Both inductor models include invertor low frequency power supply. Transverse and longitudinal field inductors have been designed with similarity principles. A stationary electromagnetic mode and power parameters has been modeled without taking melt hydrodynamics into account. Linear induction transverse-field machines have demonstrated higher efficiency.
Mathematical model of remote monitoring for grounding devices on overhead power line poles by measuring grounding device resistance
Authors: Akulichev Vitali , Zakharov Sergei , Rodionov Igor , Visich Sergei , Panarin Mikhail , Maslova Anna
Published: November 2021

We report that we have built a mathematical model of a remote monitoring module for the purpose of control grounding devices located on overhead power line poles. The invention is based on measuring grounding device resistance. Resistance measurements conducted by the said monitoring module go directly to a power company’s control room. All measurements are being conducted and transferred to a control room with a specific frequency.
Life cycle information support for thermal power equipment design
Authors: Boiko Evgeni
Published: November 2021

Development of a proactive life cycle information management and support system for thermal power equipment can reduce costs and risk of equipment operation. Developing this system at the stage of equipment design is crucial for selecting correct technical and engineering solutions for further efficiency and resilience. Business process re-engineering in design and a CAD library of models for a variety of thermal power equipment are major parts of the suggested approach.
Energy savings and energy efficiency. Federal law #261 and its actual performance
Authors: Scherenko Alexandr , Avanesov Valery , Kiyan Irina , Didanov Musa
Published: November 2021

More than ten years ago, the Federal law #261 of the Russian Federation was put into effect. The said law established policies in energy savings and energy efficiency for national industries and the residential sector. In this paper, we analyze actual performance and major practical results of this law implementation which are mostly disappointing. The major goals set by the lawmakers were not achieved at this point as far as heat supply is concerned, including power generation, transmission, distribution, and consumption. Based on this conclusion, we analyze the reasons and offer some possibly effective solutions.
Efficiency of steam turbines with bypass steam distribution for primary frequency control in power systems
Authors: Aminov Rashid , Moskalenko Alexandr
Published: November 2021

This paper evaluates efficiency of steam turbines with bypass steam distribution involved in a process of primary frequency control in power systems. We calculated power of a steam turbine and power unit in general, and absolute electrical efficiency for both bypass and throttle steam distribution. It was found that bypass steam distribution increases absolute electrical efficiency of steam-gas units while operation under lower capacity. Economic indicators calculated for combined cycle gas units confirm effectiveness of steam turbines with bypass steam distribution involved in primary frequency control.
Vloga in pasti formalnega družbenega nadzorstva pri vključitvi priseljencev v lokalno skupnost
Authors: Bučar Ručman Aleš
Published: November 2021

Današnji globalizirani svet zaznamujejo različne oblike mednarodnih migracij (delovne migracije, migracije študentov, migracije za združevanje družin, begunske migracije itd.). Ob porastu neoliberalnih pritiskov na posameznika, pritiskih na lokalno delavstvo na trgu dela, umikanju države iz polja zagotavljanja socialne varnosti in skrbi za prihodnost, povečanih eksistenčnih strahovih lokalnega prebivalstva, vzponu populizma in širjenja nestrpnosti – zlasti do priseljencev in etničnih manjšin, je policija temeljna (pogosto poslednja) institucija države, ki vstopa v odnos s priseljenci. Pri tem se policija znajde v pasti, ko si na eni strani prizadeva vzpostaviti zaupanje in sodelovanje s priseljenskimi skupinami (predvsem mladimi), na drugi strani pa – kot kažejo raziskave v tujini – je policijsko delo pogosto prežeto z nestrpnostjo, rasizmom, nekorektno obravnavo priseljencev, njihovih potomcev in drugih etničnih manjšin. Takšno delovanje deligitimira in onemogoča učinkovito policijsko delo, dodatno pa spodkopava zaupanje v državo in onemogoča tudi uspešno delovanje drugih institucij države pri integraciji priseljencev (npr. izobraževalnega sistema).
An audit of HIV-infected Patients Admitted to Helen Joseph Hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa
Authors: Yudelowitz Gregory , Ive Prudence , Fox Mathew
Published: November 2021

Background: South Africa has the largest HIV-infected population and treatment programme in the world. ART access has increased since 2004 with the current policy of universal test and treat (UTT). South Africa has had some success toward the UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets but high numbers of HIV related complications and treatment failure persist despite universal access to ART. The aim of this study was to assess the proportion of patients admitted to a general medical ward with HIV infection and to calculate the median CD4 count of these patients.

Methods: A clinical audit in which baseline data was collected from all patients admitted to a single medical unit at Helen Joseph Hospital in Johannesburg from September 2018 to January 2019. The number of admissions of people living with HIV (PLWH) was assessed and median CD4 count and viral loads were calculated. The indications for admission of PLWH and HIV-negative patients were also compared.

Results: The median CD4 cell count of PLWH was 67 cells/µl (IQR 23-259.5). Of the 794 medical admissions 42.4% were HIV-infected. Of the cohort of HIV-infected patients, over a quarter were newly diagnosed on admission. Furthermore, 46.1% of patients on treatment were failing ART. More than 10% of HIV-infected patients had interrupted treatment and 10.5% of patients previously known to be HIV-infected had not yet initiated treatment. AIDS-defining conditions accounted for 40.1% of the admissions.

Conclusion: Despite a policy of UTT, a high proportion of medical admissions to a public hospital in South Africa are in PLWH. Median CD4 counts remain low in hospitalised HIV positive patients despite universal access to ART. Large numbers of PLWH are not accessing or are disengaging from HIV care.
Evaluation of Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality of Shaziling Pigs and its Hybrids Crossbred with Berkshire Pigs
Authors: Chen C. , Deng Y. , Ren H.B. , Zhu J. , Cui Q.M. , Hu X.G. , Peng Y.L.
Published: November 2021

Background: The Chinese Shaziling pig is representative of good meat quality but has been scarcely utilized on commercial farms because of the unpleasing growth and carcass traits. Methods: The growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality and fatty acids profile were analyzed among (Berkshire × Shaziling) × (Berkshire × Shaziling) (BS × BS), BS × S, Shaziling (S × S) and S × BS pigs. Result: BS × BS pigs exhibited higher growth rate and superior carcass performance. Each breed possessed desirable meat quality, as evidenced by moderate pH, color score, IMF content and shear force value, among which the performance of S × BS pigs was prominent. Take account of the contents of SFAs, MUFAs, PUFAs and PUFAs/SFAs value, the eating quality of S × BS pigs was favorable and the meat of BS × BS pigs, by contrast, was helpful for human health with advanced nutritional value. In summary, BS × BS pigs is more effective for commercial development of Shaziling pigs and providing healthy pork products.
Evaluation of teachers' views on the use of learning technologies in mathematics lessons in preschool and primary schools
Authors: Fariza Kinzhibayeva , Assel Akpayeva , Gulzhan Yergalieva , Marzhangul Mynzhassarova
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the problems encountered in the process of realizing the continuity of preschool and primary school mathematics education and to determine the use of technology in mathematics education in line with the opinions of teachers. The research is a phenomenological study within the scope of qualitative research method. The research was conducted with 40 classroom teachers working in various primary schools in the province of Almaty, Kazakhstan, in the 2020-2021 academic year. The research data were collected with a semi-structured interview form prepared by the researcher and consisting of five open-ended questions, and analyzed with the descriptive method. As a result of the research, students were found to be prejudiced against the course, and the inadequacy of course materials, learning methods and techniques, and course activities were shown as the reasons that negatively affect education. In addition, it has been determined that the rate of teachers to prefer classical methods in education is much higher than new learning methods and techniques and use of technology.

Keywords: Mathematics; mathematics education; preschool mathematics education; primary school mathematics education; teachers’ opinion.
Social network activity of students in conditions of an epidemiological threat
Authors: Kalinina Natalia V. , Tkhugo Muliat M. , Shipovskaya Lyudmila P. , Matafonova Svetlana I. , Khudyakova Tatyana L. , Kazakova Lyubov I.
Published: November 2021

The period of restrictions on social contacts introduced by the governments of different countries increased the time spent by users in social networks. The paper aims to analyze the Internet activity of students in social networks as a way of overcoming interaction difficulties in the context of an epidemiological threat. The research used the observation method and questionnaires to collect data for this research. The sample for the research consisted of 300 students between ages of 18 and 22, who were purposively sampled. Using content analysis and the statistical program for social sciences, the collected data were analyzed. As a result of the study, it was established that the Internet activity of students in social networks in the context of an epidemiological threat and globalization in general, determines the level of development and the content framework of a person's self-attitude.
 
Keywords: activity; epidemiological threat; social network; manifestations of activity; self-attitude
Algorithmic methodological and mathematical literacy of the future primary education teacher: Perspective of learning technology
Authors: Astambayeva Zhupat , Zhumabayeva Aziya , Romanova Marina , Nygymanova Nurbanu , Bazarbekova Rabiga , Nizamova Makhinur
Published: November 2021

The relevance of the study is based on the development of algorithmic methodological and mathematical literacy of future primary school teachers, the use of knowledge, practical skills and abilities acquired at universities in real professional activities, in everyday life. In this regard, this article is aimed at determining the dynamics of the development of algorithmic methodological and mathematical literacy of the future teacher through exercises of various content and directions. The main bases of research on the development of algorithmic, methodological and mathematical literacy of the future teacher of primary education were taken as systematic, operational, anthropological, axiological and competence. Systematic platform for the development of literacy on the basis of a systematic position in teaching methodological and mathematical materials were considered. The research included algorithmic literacy of 68 new students, a survey of 3rd year students 38 3rd year students and 38 primary school teachers. The essence and methods of teaching exercises aimed at developing literacy were revealed.  The materials of the article are practical assistance to young teachers of pedagogical higher educational institutions of specialties 6B013 – Pedagogy and methods of primary education, pedagogical colleges and schools.

Keywords: algorithmic methodological and mathematical literacy; functional literacy; algorithmic literacy; mathematical literacy; methodological literacy;  exercises aimed at developing literacy.
Dashboard proposal implemented according to an analysis developed on the KNIME platform
Authors: Maraza-Quispe Benjamin , Quispe-Figueroa Ricardo Carlos , Valderrama-Solis Manuel Alejandro , Maraza-Quispe Benjamin
Published: November 2021

The objective of the research is to develop a methodology to analyse a set of data extracted from a learning management system, in order to implement a dashboard, which can be used by teachers to make timely and relevant decisions to improve the teaching–learning processes. The methodology used consisted of analysing 9,257 records extracted through simple random sampling from a population of 100,000 records. The indicators analysed were number of accesses, course grades, time spent, number of courses enrolled and number of activities developed. The results show that the data analysis was carried out on the (o Konstanz Information Miner (KNIME) data mining analysis platform, and the model was implemented in five phases: requirements definition, model design, development, implementation and evaluation of results. The results are taken as a recommendation to design and implement a customised dashboard for teachers to identify observable behavioural patterns that allow them to make decisions to improve the teaching–learning processes of students.

Keywords: Analytics, dashboard, KNIME Learning, personalised, teaching
Formation of information and professional competence of primary school teachers with Online Education.
Authors: Uaidullakyzy Elmira
Published: November 2021

The aim of this research is to provide the formation of knowledge and professional competence of primary school teachers with online education. The research was conducted in the summer term of 2020-2021. 436 primary school teachers who continue their studies in Kazakhstan participated in the research. For the research, 6 weeks of online training on professional competence was given to primary school teachers. The measurement tool called "Online Education and Vocational Competence", which was developed by the researchers and compiled by taking the opinion of experts in the field, was applied to primary school teachers. The data was shared with primary school teachers from the internet with an online questionnaire, and their participation was ensured and collected. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS program. Frequency, percentage, average, standard deviation, minimum and maximum values ​​were used to analyze the data obtained from the Vocational Competence measurement tool.According to the results of the research, the information was examined and in the light of the obtained information, it was observed that the distance education and professional competence status of the primary school teachers showed positive results. Even though their opinions are high, it has been concluded that the online usage status of male teachers is higher than female teachers.

Keywords: Primary School Teacher, Zoom Application, Online Education, Professional Seniority, Distance Education
Information and communication technology and critical thinking in university students
Authors: Kremenkova Lucie , Plevová Irena , Pugnerova Michaela , Sedlakova Eva
Published: November 2021

The 21st century is referred to as the digital age, which places demands not only on the ability to work with information but also on being able to understand them as well as evaluate its relevance. The aim of this paper was to find out how ICT competences affect the individual domains of critical thinking in university students. The sample consisted of 624 university students. The data were collected using the Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (CTDI) and the Information and Communication Technology Competence (ICTC). The results of the correlation analyses revealed weak to medium relationships among all of the observed domains. The subsequent linear regression models showed that all of the domains of critical thinking were affected by ICT competences. In this context, the most interesting was the effect of ICT competences on open mindedness while the effect on the remaining factors of critical thinking was weaker.

 

Keywords:  critical thinking; CTDI; ICTC; information and communication technology; university students
Pedagogical challenges in Distance Learning during COVID-19 conditions – Experience of Latvia
Authors: Jurs Pāvels , Kulberga Inta
Published: November 2021

Due to the global pandemic caused by the spread of coronavirus disease, the educational process has experienced very significant transformations – in the pedagogical process both pupils and parents, teachers and education policy makers have encountered essential challenges and an unprecedent experience The aim of the research, based on the theoretical study of the distance learning concept and empirical research, and finding out the teachers’ attitude towards distance learning, is to describe the Latvia experience in distance learning during COVID-19 conditions. The research's methodology is based on teacher survey, regulatory analysis, and concessional analysis. The study highlights problems in the context of distance learning and makes a significant contribution to further research. Analysing the results of the empirical study and outcomes of the survey, it has been concluded that teachers feel psycho-emotional and physiological overload due to distance education.

 

Keywords: distance learning; education; pedagogical process; pupil; teacher
State regulation and development of digital educational platforms
Authors: Salakhova Valentina B. , Erofeeva Maria A. , Pronina Elena V. , Belyakova Natalia V. , Zaitseva Natalia , Ishmuradova Izida I.
Published: November 2021

The introduction of digital platforms influences all areas of social development, including the education sector. The Russian government, in a bid to take advantage of this, has encouraged the development of a solid educational system that can support digitalization’s effect on the economy. The paper aims to analyze the development of Russian digital platforms in general and educational platforms, as a decisive factor in economic competitiveness on the world market. The study was a descriptive research and Russia was the main population for the study. The research made use of secondary data from national and international sources. An analysis of modern practices in the field of digital educational platforms shows that educational organizations cannot independently use digital technologies at the new level of requirements. For this purpose, a functioning digital ecosystem is needed that would be able to provide a variety of new technologies in education.

 

Keywords: state development, digital educational platforms, digital learning, digital educational environment.
Document examination in criminalistics and forensic sciences: New approaches and modern technologies
Authors: Shepitko Valery , Shepitko Mykhaylo
Published: November 2021

Document examination in criminalistics and forensic sciences is an activity required during the investigation and/or judicial proceedings. Using the full potential of investigative actions in document examination is an important source of evidence, which makes it possible to put the crime investigation on the right path. It is extremely important to resolve issues related with the expert examination of documents. Since the technical study of documents is the most common type of forensic studies, the article notes its transformation both towards expanding and restricting its volume. Moreover, the authors give indication of the new paradigm emerging in the examination of documents and their new forms, which highlights the need for developing new approaches and using different techniques and legal frameworks. Another important aspect is the protection of the judicial proceedings from false and erroneous forensic expert reports. To this end, forensic experts are warned of possible criminal liability and are sworn in. It is worth noting that these mechanisms are not always effective and the use of additional legal and managerial
The effect of photocopier types on line quality features of handwriting in multi-generational photocopies
Authors: Jasuja Om Prakash , Mishra Suryakant , Singh Mohinder
Published: November 2021

The present research was aimed at finding out the relative effect of advancement in photocopier technology on the analysis of handwriting line quality features in multi-generational photocopies. Five subsequent multi-generational photocopies of 50 signature samples from different individuals which were produced by 75 black and white photocopiers were used for line quality assessments. Variations in line quality features in different photocopy generations, such as: smooth edges or ragged edges, broken or continuous stroke, fine tapering changes, and some identification details of features like pen lifts, retouching, and hesitation were carefully observed in sample photocopies, which were recorded according to the brand and model of photocopier machines, as well as their size and speed. The results of the study revealed that raggedness in line was often observed in third generation (G3) and higher generations, in samples produced by some low speed copiers (copying speed < 30 cpm) or very high speed copiers (copying speed ≤ 80 cpm). However, their line quality was still found to be good enough for handwriting analysis up to the fifth generation (G5) in photocopy samples produced by some medium speed copiers (copying speed 30 to 50 cpm). It was, however, observed that, usually, continuity of line and smoothness of line were appreciably lost in G3 and higher generations in photocopies which were produced by portable desktop printers. Exceptionally, certain artifacts that are usually found in some higher generation copies were conspicuously absent in all photocopy generations (G1–G5) which were produced by some advanced third generation photocopiers. Hopefully, the information obtained from the study will be found useful to document examiners when examining certain cases involving multi-generations of photocopier reproductions.
Myths about fingerprint evidence: Basic facts countering miscarriage of justice. Part 1
Authors: Mansour Saleh , Zade Shital , Rohatgi Shipra , Oklevski Slobodan
Published: November 2021

The long practice of fingerprint science is accompanied by confusing thoughts affecting the interpretation of the fingerprint evidence recovered from a crime scene, and, consequently, prosecutors and judges’ decisions as well. However, despite the tremendous scientific and technological developments relating to fingerprint enhancement, processing, and usage, which clarify precise facts regarding the influence of deposition circumstances, substrate, light, air, temperature, and time factors on fingerprint secretions, misconceptions about fingerprints are still widespread within the law enforcement and judicial system. This problem prevents the proper usage of fingerprints in fighting crimes and supporting the justice system by strong physical evidence. This study aims to highlight some scientific facts about fingerprints as well as a new approach and reconceptualization of fingermarks as a tool for crime scene investigation and training. The article discusses twenty-four myths about fingerprints – part 1 covers ten of them and part 2 discusses the other fourteen.
O QUE REVELA A ESCRITA DE PROFESSORAS SOBRE O GÊNERO DISSERTAÇÃO DE MESTRADO?
Authors: Silva Wagner Rodrigues , Ferreira Roseane , Aires Nayra
Published: November 2021

Este artigo focaliza o processo de educação científica de professoras de Língua Portuguesa (LP), matriculadas num mestrado profissional para educadores, oferecido como política pública oficial de formação no Brasil. A investigação do referido processo foi realizada a partir da análise de dissertações de mestrado, apresentadas como trabalhos de conclusão final (TCF). A investigação focalizou mais diretamente os objetos de pesquisa e as autorrepresentações presentes nos TCF. Utilizamos as abordagens investigativas qualitativa e quantitativa. A pesquisa se insere no campo da Linguística Aplicada (LA) e foi informada principalmente por estudos do letramento e da educação científica. Fizemos uso da Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional (LSF) para a realização da microanálise dos documentos investigados. O exame da estrutura esquemática das dissertações selecionadas também contribuiu para a investigação. Os resultados mostraram o desenvolvimento da educação científica das professoras de LP, a qual foi influenciada por práticas científicas da tradição acadêmica. Um exemplo dessa influência corresponde a supervalorização dos pressupostos teóricos utilizados em detrimento da exploração das experiências da prática profissional das professoras na escola básica.
Iridium/Graphene Nanostructured Catalyst for the N-Alkylation of Amines to Synthesize Nitrogen-containing Derivatives and Heterocyclic Compounds
Authors: Chen Tsun-Ren , Chen Yu-Tung , Lin Yen-Hsing , Wang Hao-Chen
Published: November 2021

A facile iridium/graphene-catalyzed methodology providing an efficient synthetic route for C-N bond formation is reported. This catalyst can directly promote the formation of C-N bonds, without pre-activation steps, and without solvents, alkalis and other additives. This protocol provides a direct N -alkylation of amines using a variety of primary and secondary alcohols with good selectivity and excellent yields. Charmingly, the use of diols resulted in intermolecular cyclization of amines, and such products are privileged structures in biologically active compounds. Two examples illustrate the advantages of this catalyst in organic synthesis: the tandem catalysis to synthesize hydroxyine, and the intermolecular cyclyzation to synthesize cyclizine. Water is the only by-product, which makes this catalytic process sustainable and environmentally friendly.
Papéis de gênero e divisão das tarefas domésticas segundo gênero e cor no Brasil: outros olhares sobre as desigualdades
Authors: Picanço Felícia , de Oliveira Araújo Clara Maria , Covre Sussai Maira
Published: November 2021

A adesão ao modelo tradicional de família nunca foi uniforme. Estudos sobre famílias negras nos EUA e no Caribe, por exemplo, mostram que as mulheres negras são menos propensas do que as brancas a oficializarem o casamento, são menos dependentes dos seus cônjuges e, do ponto de vista das atitudes, homens e mulheres afro-americanos tendem a ser mais tolerantes com mães que trabalham e mais igualitários em relação aos papéis de gênero. As diferenças são atribuídas aos constrangimentos socioeconômicos experimentados historicamente e às saídas construídas para lidar com eles. E no Brasil? O artigo aplica modelos de regressão linear múltipla para analisar os dados do survey Gênero, Família e Trabalho a partir das percepções em relação aos papéis de gênero, às práticas de divisão do trabalho doméstico entre os membros do casal e ao conflito na articulação trabalho reprodutivo (casa) e trabalho remunerado (trabalho) segundo gênero e raça. Os resultados apontam que, em relação às percepções sobre os papéis de gênero, as mulheres brancas são as mais igualitárias. Essa adesão cresce com a escolaridade e diminui com maior número de filhos e presença de cônjuge. Já os homens negros são os menos igualitários e essa assimetria é reduzida pela idade e maior número de filhos. Na divisão do trabalho, os homens negros são os mais igualitários e a adesão à igualdade aumenta com a escolaridade e com percepções mais igualitárias de papéis de gênero, enquanto as mulheres negras reportam relações menos simétricas, mas a simetria cresce com a escolaridade. Quanto ao conflito casa-trabalho, as mulheres negras declaram mais cansaço do que as brancas, mas este se reduz com a escolaridade e a presença de cônjuge.
Do Império à cidade multiétnica: austríacos no sul do Brasil
Authors: Weber Regina
Published: November 2021

Este artigo enfoca as circunstâncias que configuraram uma identidade específica a imigrantes identificados como “austríacos”. O lócus principal da pesquisa é um núcleo de povoamento no interior do Rio Grande do Sul, reunindo dados que vão do final do século XIX ao final do século XX, período que contempla, em termos internacionais, a existência, ainda que a poucas décadas do seu final, do Império Austro-Húngaro e, em nível local, investimentos recentes no memorialismo étnico. Está sendo dado destaque aos agentes que realizam conexões entre mundos e tempos diferentes e aos modos pelos quais são operacionalizadas as representações do passado.
THERMAL CONTROL OF MECHANOCHEMICAL REACTION
Authors: Tolchinsky Yu. , Ved V. , Rofe-Beketova I.
Published: November 2021

Mechanochemistry studies and explains the processes of chemical and physicochemical transformations that are generated by mechanical action on a substance. When carrying out deep mechanochemical transformations, as a rule, it is necessary to transfer to solid reagents a portion of energy comparable to the energy of interatomic bonds. For this, various machines and apparatus are used, such as extruders, in which mechanical energy is constantly transferred to the crushed material.

The article discusses the interaction of two reagents in a simple chemical reaction in the state of a mixture of particles of two types, which occurs during compression of particles having a rough irregular shape, and colliding with each other, forming areas of contact. Significant stress concentrations and heating of the substance with the formation of a new phase arise in these regions.

Thermal control of the mechanochemical reaction is to maintain an optimal balance of dissipative heat and heat from the coolant in the worm reactor so that the rate of flow and the final product of the reaction meet the specified specifications. The formulas provided in the article for calculating the coefficient of the rate of mechanochemical reaction, heat transfer between worm reactor and jacket channel, heat exchange between jacket and environment allows to calculate the balance conditions for thermal management.

The block diagram of the technological line, which is presented in the article, is more economical in comparison with carrying out the same reaction in a solvent. The economic benefit lies in the elimination of the steps of introducing and removing the solvent from the reaction product.

At the end, it is indicated that the mechanochemical reaction of the transformation of a mixture of two dispersed materials consisting of solid particles into a liquid can be realized in continuous conditions in a flow mode in a worm machine. And thermal control of the course of a mechanochemical reaction can be carried out using controlled heat exchange with a coolant in a jacket under conditions of turn-around spatial dispersion.
DIRECTED REGULATION OF THE STRUCTURAL AND RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF HEAT-INSULATING ACRYLIC AQUEOUS DISPERSIONS USING THE COMBINED USE OF HYDROPHILIC AND HYDROPHOBIC SILICATE FILLERS
Authors: Saienko N. , Bikov R. , Skripinets A. , Demidov D. , Kariev A. , Saienko L.
Published: November 2021

The formation technology and performance characteristics of coatings based on aqueous dispersions are largely determined by the properties of the initial film-forming materials, which should ensure uniform thin-layer distribution on the substrate surface and the formation of coatings with the required technological complex of properties. Among them, due to their functional properties and relatively low cost, the most widespread are water-dispersion polymer coatings based on acrylic film-formers. In this paper, mathematical models of the structural and rheological dependences of heat-insulating acrylic aqueous dispersions are considered depending on the combined content of hydrophilic-hydrophobic fillers. To describe these dependencies, it is advisable to use equations of the second degree. According to the mathematical theory of experiment, the second-order orthogonal central compositional design makes it possible to predict the behavior of the response function. Carrying out an experiment in accordance with this plan makes it possible to establish the analytical dependence of the response function on the corresponding factors in the form of a polynomial equation of the second degree. The main response functions were: conditionally static yield stress, viscosity at the minimum rate of onset of fracture (initial effective viscosity), viscosity of the “destroyed” structure according to the Newtonian nature of the flow, activation energy of viscous flow at minimum, average and maximum shear rates. On the basis of the established dependences, the optimal ratios of hydrophobized aerosil and aluminosilicate microspheres were selected, the combined use of which makes it possible to reduce shear stresses to create a homogeneous aqueous acrylic dispersion, to predict the activation energy at various technological stages of preparation and application of heat-insulating coatings. The established results made it possible to create a hydrophilic-hydrophobic aqueous acrylic dispersion, which, without the use of surfactants, makes it possible to simplify the production technology of heat-insulating water-dispersion coatings, namely, to exclude the stage of pretreatment of fillers, to reduce the rotation speed of the frame mixer, and also to increase the kinetic stability of the finished dispersion.
Analisis Butir Soal Latihan pada Buku al-Naḥw al-Wāḍīḥ untuk Siswa Madrasah Aliyah
Authors: Aryobimo Bagusradityo
Published: November 2021

Practice questions are the main part of every textbook, especially to evaluate and measure students’ abilities and skills. One of the books that are often used as a textbook by various madrasas and Islamic boarding schools on learning naḥwu for beginners is the al-Naḥw al-Wāḍīḥ. Unfortunately, this book has not determined the quality in the validity of practice for the lesson, because it was written by an Arabic native speaker. So, the target of this book is not for non-native Arabic speakers. This study uses a mixed method of qualitative and quantitative to describe a more complete picture of item analysis. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of practice questions in the al-Naḥw al-Wāḍīḥ book in terms of validity, reliability, level of difficulty, and discriminating power. The results obtained are, (1) 93% of the exercise sample is under content validity; (2) from the results of the ANOVA test of two exercise samples, this test is quite reliable; (3) the difficulty level of the sample practice questions on naḥwu is fairly easy; (4) the discriminating power of the nahwu sample is sufficient. Thus, the analysis of practice questions in al-Naḥw al-Wāḍīḥ is sufficient to measure students’ abilities.
Microbiome Profiling of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli (ETEC) Carriers Highlights Signature Differences Between Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Individuals
Authors: Higginson Ellen Elizabeth , Sayeed Md Abu , Dias Joana Pereira , Shetty Vignesh , Ballal Mamatha , Srivast Sunil Kumar , Qadri Firdausi , Dougan Gordon , Mutreja Ankur
Published: November 2021

BackgroundEscherichia coli (ETEC) are one of the top causes of diarrhoea in children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, large-scale pathogen burden studies in children have identified ETEC in the guts of symptomatic patients and controls. The factors that influence this balance between carriage and disease are poorly understood, but it is postulated that the gut microbiome may play a role in either resistance or progression to disease. In this study, we investigated the microbiome profiles, using shotgun DNA sequencing, of children and adults from Bangladesh who were asymptomatically or symptomatically infected with ETEC. ResultsSymptomatic patients had significantly higher numbers of sequenced reads mapping to both E. coli and the two ETEC toxins (LT and ST), suggesting higher bacterial burden. They were also significantly more likely to be co-infected with enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) and had higher proportions of other Gammaproteobacteria, including Klebsiella, Salmonella, and Haemophilus. Colonisation with ETEC (symptomatic or asymptomatic) was also associated with increased prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes, most notably those of the b-lactamase class. Taxonomic profiles were distinctly different between all groups in both species richness (alpha diversity) and composition (beta diversity), although the direction of these changes was different in adults and children. As seen in previous studies, children with high E. coli burdens also had higher proportions of Streptococcus spp., while healthy children were more heavily colonised by several Bifidobacterium spp. ConclusionsOur study provides insight into the microbiome changes that occur upon infection with ETEC in an endemic setting, and provides rationale for future studies investigating how the microbiome may protect or predispose individuals to symptomatic infections with gastrointestinal pathogens.
Paternal breastfeeding self-efficacy and maternal breastfeeding patterns at three months postpartum.
Authors: kiaei zahra , Zahrani Shahnaz Tork , Janati Padideh , Nasiri Malihe
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Evidence suggests that breastfeeding has beneficial effects on both mother and baby. Fathers' attitudes and self-efficacy are effective factors in breastfeeding. Paternal breastfeeding self-efficacy means the ability of fathers to help their spouses to breastfeed their infants, which seems to affect breastfeeding. The aim of this study was to evaluate the self-efficacy of fathers and its relationship with infant feeding patterns at three months.Methods: This descriptive correlational study was conducted in 2019 on 206 fathers during the discharge of their wife after childbirth. The inclusion criteria were having a singleton infant, birth weight of 2500-4000 g, Apgar score of 8-10, willingness to participate in the study, the parents living together, and not taking any drugs affecting breastfeeding. A demographic information questionnaire and the paternal breastfeeding self-efficacy scale were completed by the fathers; the maternal breastfeeding pattern questionnaire was also completed three months after delivery. Data were analyzed in SPSS-23 statistical software using the independent t-test, Spearman’s test, Pearson’s coefficient, the ANOVA, and the Chi-square test.Findings: The paternal breastfeeding self-efficacy score was 58.33 in this study. The paternal breastfeeding self-efficacy score of the fathers attending antenatal classes was higher than the others (P-value=0.003). There was a significant relationship between paternal cooperation in prenatal care and paternal breastfeeding self-efficacy score (P-value=0.001). There was no correlation between paternal breastfeeding self-efficacy scores and maternal breastfeeding patterns three months after delivery (P-value=0.99).Conclusion: According to the results, there was no relationship between paternal breastfeeding self-efficacy scores and maternal breastfeeding patterns three months after delivery. However, significant relationships were found between paternal breastfeeding self-efficacy score at discharge and the fathers’ cooperation in prenatal care and attendance of antenatal classes.