bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw Berbantuan Media Leaflet terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas VII di SMP Negeri 2 Kanatang
Authors: Daungu Kristoforus Umbu , Bano Vdiriana Oktoviana
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Jigsaw berbantuan media Leaflet di SMP N 2 Kanatang. Jenis penelitan ini adalah quasi eksperimen. Sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu 26 siswa kelas VII-D sebagai kelas kontrol dan 24 siswa kelas VII-C sebagai kelas eksperimen. Teknik pengambilan sampling yang digunakan yaitu purposive sampling. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMPN 2 Kanatang, semester genap, tahun ajaran 2023/2024. Data penelitian ini dianalisis dengan uji statistik, yaitu uji validitas dan uji reabilitas, normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan uji t (paired sampel t test) menggunakan SPSS versi 23.  Berdasarkan hasil analisis, diperoleh data rata-rata nilai post-test siswa kelas eksperimen adalah 80,83 lebih tinggi dari kelas yang diajar dengan menggunakan metode ceramah sebesar 71,54. Hasil pengujian hipotesis degan uji paired sampel t test diperoleh hasil sig (2-tailed) <0,05 (0,000 <0,05). Hal tersebut menunjukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Jigsaw berbantuan media leaflet terhadap hasil belajar siswa di SMP N 2 Kanatang.
The Effect of Discovery Learning Method on Students' Reading Comprehension
Authors: Vana Erviana , Nurhaeni
Published: July 2024

Reading comprehension is the ability of the students to interpret and understand the facts and information expressed in the reading. Discovery learning method is a strategy that encourages students to arrive at a conclusion based upon their own activities and observation. This study was aimed to examine the effect of discovery learning method on students’ reading comprehension at the second grade of MAN 2 Parepare. The results of this study are useful for teachers and students because they can get information about learning methods that can be used in learning reading. The research use pre-experimental research design with pre-test, treatment and post-test design. The sample of this research was 26 students from 86 participants students who become population. The researcher used technique random sampling in this research to get data. The results showed that the discovery learning method can improve the reading comprehension at the second grade of MAN 2 Parepare. It was indicated by the students’ mean score of post-test (77,88) was greater than the pre-test (46,54). Even, for the level significant (p) 5% and df = 25, and the t-table value is 1,708, while the value of t-test is 8,65. It means that the t-test value is greater than t-table (8,65 ≥ 1,078). Thus, it can be concluded that students’ reading comprehension is significantly better after getting the treatment. Therefore, the null hypothesis (H0) was rejected and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted.
Sekuritisasi Penyebaran Virus Corona oleh Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia
Authors: Indra Tamsyah
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Covid-19 were discovered in Wuhan, China and turned into a pandemic illness that undermined individuals all over the planet. The spread of the infection has constrained the public authority in any nations to make new policies to safeguard their citizens. The presence of the Covid is a danger to each nation and this is a non-traditional issue. Non-traditional security problems can be turned into security problems through a securitization process. Covid is not a part of security isssue however, it can transform into a security issue since it is remembered for the class of wellbeing security and it is significant in keeping up with public safety. In this case study, the creator utilizes descriptive method with optional information assortment procedures or writing study, and furthermore securitization hypothesis to inspect the most common way of evolving non-security issue into security issue through five markers, thus are securitizing actor, speech act, existential treat, referent object/audience and extraordinary measure.
Keywords: Security, Corona Virus, Securitization, World Health Organization
Abstrak: Covid-19 ditemukan di Wuhan, Cina dan menjadi penyakit pandemi yang mengancam masyarakat di seluruh dunia. Penyebaran virus telah memaksa pemerintah di negara manapun untuk membuat kebijakan baru untuk melindungi warganya. Kehadiran virus corona adalah ancaman bagi setiap negara dan ini adalah masalah keamanan non-tradisional. Masalah keamanan non tradisional dapat diubah menjadi masalah keamanan melalui suatu proses sekuritisasi. Covid-19 bukan bagian dari  masalah keamanan tapi bisa berubah menjadi masalah keamanan karena termasuk dalam kategori health security dan penting dalam menjaga keamanan nasional. Dalam studi kasus ini, penulis menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data sekunder atau studi pustaka, serta teori sekuritisasi untuk mengkaji proses perubahan isu non-keamanan menjadi isu keamanan melalui lima indikator yaitu aktor sekuritisasi, tindak tutur, ancaman eksistensial, objek rujukan/audiens dan ukuran luar biasa.
Kata Kunci: Keamanan, Covid-19, Sekuritisasi, Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia
FROM CALIGARI TO CALIFORNIA
Authors: Hardt Ursula
Published: July 2024

Known as one of the great producers and promoters of the film industry, Eric Pommer had a life-long commitment to German film - despite his emigration in 1933 - and worked in France and Britian, as well as the United States. As German producer, studio executive, and film politician in the pre-Hitler era Erich (later Eric) Pommer (1889-1966), a native of Germany, was an innovator and pioneer, a vital force in leading German cinema to international acclaim with successes such as The Cabinet of Dr Caligari, The Nibelungen and The Blue Angel. As Motion Picture Control Officer of the US Military Government he undertook , from 1946-49, the difficult task of rebuilding West Germany's film industry from the ashes of the Second World War. He succeeded brilliantly, but not without paying the hefty price of becoming embroiled in the turmoil of postwar German politics which made him many friends, but also many enemies. This book is the first detailed account in English of the remarkable career of Pommer who became a legend in his own lifetime.
THE SEARCH FOR NORMALITY
Authors: Berger Stefan
Published: July 2024

The Historikerstreit of the 1980s has ended inconclusively amidst heated debates on the nature and course of German national history. The author follows the debates beyond the unexpected reunification of the country in 1990 and analyzes the most recent trends in German historiography. Reunification, he observes, has brought in its wake an urgent search for the "normality" of the nation state. For anyone interested in the development of the national master narrative in more recent German historiography, this book will provide an essential guide through the multitude of historical debates surrounding the nation state.
Hydrocele among Patients undergoing Surgery in the Department of Surgery in a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Deo Kishor , Chaudhary Arun Kumar , Shrestha Reshika , Chaudhary Aashutosh , Adhikari Bindira , Bista Apeksha , Jha Devesh , Shakya Niliza , Maharjan Suresh , Shrestha Manisha , Shrestha Ashish , Dahal Isha , Sutihar Anshu
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Hydrocele, an accumulation of serous fluid within the remnant of the processus vaginalis, is a common cause of painless scrotal enlargement. While prevalent, few studies have been conducted to assess the extent and risk factors of hydrocele in Nepal. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of hydrocele among patients undergoing the surgery departmentat a tertiary care center in Nepal.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care center. Data were retrospectively collected from medical records over one year (2021 July to 2022 June), including all patients undergoing surgery in the general surgery department. Ethical Approval was received from the Institutional Review Committee of the same institute (Reference number: 820/2080/81) Cases of hydrocele surgery were identified, and relevant data were extracted using a structured proforma. Descriptive analyses were performed using Microsoft Excel 2016.Results: Out of 1812 surgeries, 95 (9.72%) were hydrocele surgeries. Of these, 94 (98.95%) were non-communicating hydroceles, 79 (83.16%) were unilateral, and 90 (94.74%) showed positive transillumination tests. The mean age of patients was 50.84 ± 17.02 years, with the highest number of cases in the 46-55 age group (20%). Postoperative complications occurred in 19 (20%) patients, withseroma and surgical site infection being the most common (31.58% each). Conclusions: Hydrocele surgeries comprised a significant portion (5.24%) of surgical cases at the tertiary care center, with the majority being non-communicating and unilateral types.
Usporedba
cijena javnog gradskog prijevoza u gradovima
Authors: Pilepić Damir , Seleš Mihael , Mrvčić Robert , Tomić Ivana
Published: July 2024

Javni gradski prijevoz (JGP) danas je neizostavan dio mobilnosti ljudi u gradovima te kao takvom potrebno mu je posvetiti značajnu pozornost. Cijena JGP-a je posljedica oblika modela subvencije i ekonomske snage te volje lokalne samouprave za postizanjem učinkovitog JGP-a. U radu je prikazana analiza osnovnih karakteristika JGP-a u četiri najveća hrvatska grada te u gradovima Beogradu i Ljubljani. Različite opće karakteristike gradova utjecale su na specifičan način razvoja JGP-a za svaki od gradova zasebno, formirajući različite vidove prijevoza, cijene karata i način korištenja usluga. Karakteristike JGP-a prikazuju njegovu efikasnost kroz broj prevezenih putnika i prijeđenih kilometara vozila na mreži kao i sudjelovanje jedinica lokalnih vlasti u potpori takovog prijevoza kroz subvencije. Usporedbom cijena nastoje se prikazati sličnosti i različitosti promatranih gradova kada je u pitanju formiranje cijena kao i utvrditi specifične karakteristike i suradnje pojedinih gradova koje su utjecale na taj proces. Svrha ovog članka je ukazati na karakteristike i probleme koji utječu na formiranje cijena JGP-a, a cilj je detaljnom obradom relevantnih izvora dati konačnu sliku cijena i uzroka njihova formiranja u promatranim gradovima.
PELATIHAN SITASI JURNAL UNTUK KARYA TULIS ILMIAH GURU SMA NEGERI 6 PEKANBARU
Authors: Elvira Asril  , Mariza Devega  , Yuhelmi  , Misno Sugianto  , Ridho Alfandi
Published: July 2024

Kesulitan dalam melakukan sitasi dalam suatu karya tulis ilmiah (KTI) terjadi karena masih sedikitnya guru yang memahami dan mengenal cara melakukan sitasi dan tidak tahu alat bantu dalam sitasi tersebut, padahal mereka memiliki stok KTI. Sitasi adalah proses mengacu atau mengutip sumber informasi yang digunakan dalam sebuah karya tulis, seperti makalah, tugas, atau artikel. Tujuan sitasi adalah untuk memberikan penghargaan kepada penulis asli atau sumber informasi yang digunakan, serta memperkuat argumen atau pendapat yang disampaikan dalam karya tulis tersebut. Selain memberikan penghargaan kepada penulis asli, sitasi juga membantu pembaca untuk melacak sumber informasi yang digunakan dan memeriksa kebenarannya. Hal ini mendukung transparansi dan integritas dalam penulisan ilmiah serta mencegah plagiat. Dalam dunia akademik, sitasi juga dapat digunakan untuk mengukur pengaruh dan keberhasilan penelitian atau karya tulis tertentu. Jumlah sitasi yang diterima oleh suatu karya dapat digunakan sebagai indikator popularitas dan pengakuan dari komunitas ilmiah.
Pemanfaatn Jeruk Lemon (Citrus limon) dan Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi) Sebagai Media Elektrolit untuk Menghasilkan Tegangan Listrik
Authors: Fermi Enrico , Atina Atina , Rahmawati Rahmawati
Published: July 2024

Buah jeruk lemon dan belimbing wuluh mengandung derajat keasaman yang cukup tinggi yang dapat mempengaruhi tegangan listrik dan kuat arus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah dapat menganalisis seberapa besar tegangan yang dihasilkan jeruk lemon dan belimbing wuluh dengan variasi rangkaian menggunakan elektroda Cu-Zn dan Cu-Mg. Metode penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan 7 variasi rangkaian. Variasi I (1 buah), II (1 buah), III (1 buah), IV (I dan II diserikan), V (I dan III diserikan), VI (II dan III diserikan), VII (I, II, dan III diserikan). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tegangan listrik jeruk lemon dengan elektroda Cu-Zn yang tertinggi adalah variasi VII terdapat sebesar 2,927 Volt sedangkan terendah sebesar variasi III sebesar 0,989 Volt. Tegangan jeruk lemon dengan elektroda Cu-Mg tertinggi adalah variasi VII terdapat sebesar 4,445 Volt dan terendah variasi II sebesar 1,463 Volt. Tegangan belimbing wuluh dengan elektroda Cu-Zn tertinggi adalah variasi VII terdapat sebesar 2,294 Volt dan terendah variasi II sebesar 0,920 Volt. Tegangan belimbing wuluh dengan elektroda Cu-Mg tertinggi variasi VII terdapat sebesar 4,381 Volt dan terendah adalah variasi III sebesar 1,535 Volt.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENDAPATAN PETANI JAGUNG PADA KEMITRAAN PROGRAM MAKMUR PT PUPUK KALTIM DI KECAMATAN SLAHUNG KABUPATEN PONOROGO
Authors: Azzam Abdurrahman , Rahman Rena Yunita
Published: July 2024

Petani jagung di Desa Senepo Kecamatan Slahung mengalami kendala dalam keterbatasan memperoleh sarana produksi, fluktuasi harga dan fluktuasi produksi. Kendala-kendala tersebut dapat diselesaikan dengan kemitraan yang dijalankan melalui Program Makmur PT Pupuk Kaltim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) deskripsi pelaksanaan kemitraan Program Makmur PT Pupuk Kaltim di Desa Senepo, (2) tingkat keuntungan usahatani melalui kemitraan Program Makmur PT Pupuk Kaltim dan (3) faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pendapatan petani jagung. Metode pengambilan contoh penelitian ini menggunakan total sampling sebanyak 45 petani jagung yang mengikuti kemitraan Program Makmur. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif, pendapatan dan regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) pelaksanaan kemitraan yang diterapkan antara PT Pupuk Kalimantan Timur dengan petani mitra dikategorikan ke dalam kerjasama multistakeholder. PT Pupuk Kaltim pihak penyedia pinjaman pupuk dan pendampingan teknis budidaya, PT Biotis Agrindo pihak penyedia obat-obatan, PT Pandhega Nusa Bersaudara pihak penyedia benihdan CV Arfarm Jaya sebagai offtaker sedangkan petani menyiapkan lahan dan tenaga kerja, (2) rata-rata pendapatan usahatani jagung adalah sebesar Rp 7.997.484 per hektar. Sementara untuk rata-rata biaya produksi adalah sebesar Rp 12.084.374 per hektar dengan nilai R/C Ratio atas biaya tunai petani melalui kemitraan Program Makmur sebesar 1,67 sehingga pendapatan usahatani jagung dapat dikatakan menguntungkan, (3) Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pendapatan petani jagung di Desa Senepo adalah biaya pupuk, biaya tenaga kerja, biaya benih, produksi, pengalaman pada taraf kepercayaan 95%, sedangkan faktor lain tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Kata kunci: Jagung, Pendapatan, Regresi Linear Berganda, Kemitraan
Legal Awareness of Halal Products Certification among East Java Business Operators and Society
Authors: Rofiah Khusniati , Sa'adah Sri Lumatus , Safira Martha Eri , Rohmanu Abid , Haji Matali Azme Bin
Published: July 2024

The number of business operators in East Java increases significantly each year but is unfortunately not accompanied by increased legal awareness. While many business operators are aware of the halal certification obligation, they need to actually comply to it. This research was conducted in East Java on 111 micro and small business operators and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) spread across several cities. A total of 450 respondents of various backgrounds who, at the time of research, had run their business for at least two years were involved in direct interviews and questionnaire surveys. This research focuses on discussing the awareness of business operators and the community in East Java based on Soerjono Soekanto's legal awareness (understanding, knowledge, obedience, and legal attitudes), and maqasid sharia. Efforts to increase knowledge and understanding of business owners of legal awareness still lacked due to non-existent sanctions and incomprehensive campaign. Meanwhile, in legal culture, there is a perception that food consumed by the community is not necessarily halal-certified. The government strategy to advocate legal awareness of halal product certification includes product acceleration through the halal product information (SIP Halal) system that is easily accessible to MSMEs.
Legal Awareness-Based Religiosity: Unveiling the Segmentation and Motivation of Qurbani Participants in West Sumatra
Authors: Hendra Testru , Wimra Zelfeni , Bunaiya Mahlil
Published: July 2024

: Qurbani is perceived to be performed by people who have a lot of money, but in practice, financial capability is not the main reason why people perform qurbani. This article discusses what factors are the segmentation and motivation for performing qurbani and divides them into several reasons for qurbani participants based on age, gender, economic level, and education level. Furthermore, the segmentation of qurbani participants that has been determined is analyzed from the perspective of legal awareness, which is an indicator of the level of knowledge, understanding, attitude, and behavior. The purpose of the descriptive description of the segmentation and legal awareness of qurbani performers is to reveal the motivation of qurbani performers based on the experience of the people of West Sumatra. The method used is a mixed method (mix method), namely a qualitative-descriptive approach and a quantitative approach. The quantitative approach will measure the percentage based on the segmentation of qurbani participants, namely based on age, gender, education, and region The qualitative approach was used to analyze the qurbani participants' motivation, religious level, and legal awareness. The results showed that the segmentation of qurbani participants from the middle class is higher, as many as 42% of the total qurbani participants. The dominance of West Sumatran people's motivation for qurbani is influenced by the level of religiosity fostered through religious teachings and Ulama fatwas, while economic motivation is only one of the supporting factors, because materially, even though the community does not have economic stability, they are still enthusiastic about becoming qurbani participants with motivations based on the pattern of preparing qurbani costs and the preparation period. Furthermore, it was concluded that qurbani participants in West Sumatra have high legal awareness, this can be seen in the high level of understanding and knowledge of the qurbani law, as well as positive attitudes driven by religiosity, which strengthens social solidarity and community unity. This research implies that the participation, segmentation, and motivation of qurbani performers are not solely related to economic security, but rather to high levels of religiosity and legal awareness.
Examining Child Victims of Incest in Indonesia: Between the Legal System and Family Dysfunction
Authors: Tursilarini Tateki Yoga , Udiati Trilaksmi , Irmawan Irmawan , Cahyono Sunit Agus Tri , Suryani Suryani , Vayed Dodi Al
Published: July 2024

This study aimed at examining the factors causing incest sexual abuse against children in the context of family dysfunction and the legal system. A qualitative approach was used in conducting this research with a case study method of five families who experienced incest violence. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and the analysis of relevant documents. The research findings showed that family dysfunction, such as divorce and poverty, as well as a lack of understanding and application of moral and religious values, were the main factors causing incest. In addition, the implementation of the law, which was not yet effective, and the absence of comprehensive prevention efforts had worsened the situation. This study emphasizes the need for enforcement of the legal system, family understanding, and community culture to be better at preventing, helping, and ensuring legal certainty to protect the psychology and future of children from incest sexual violence.
Role of Ramadan Fasting on Secretory IgA and Statherin Levels in Individuals with Dental Caries
Authors: Mohammad Baraa S. , Taha Ghada I.
Published: July 2024

Background: Tooth decay happens when bacteria in the mouth create acid from carbohydrates that can be fermented. Along with factors related to the person (like genetics or oral hygiene habits) and saliva, this process leads to cavities. During Ramadan fasting, when eating habits change, there could be effects on health, particularly on the salivary biomarkers that are important for dental well-being.
Objectives: This  cross-sectional study aimed to detect the activity and concentrations of salivary levels of secretory immunoglobulin A and Statherin during and after Ramadan fasting and to evaluate the association between these biomarkers with dental caries.
Methods: The study comprised 40 individuals, aged 20-25 years, diagnosed with dental caries. Participants were assessed for periodontal parameters using the Plaque Index  and the Gingival Index. Saliva samples were collected during the fourth week of Ramadan fasting and two weeks after Ramadan fasting. The concentrations of both secretory IgA and Statherin were measured in salivary samples using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay .
Results: A significant decrease in the mean concentration of secretory immunoglobulin A was observed during Ramadan fasting (2.14±0.21 ng/L) compared to post-fasting (3.34±0.35 ng/L) (p=0.001). However, there was a non-significant difference (p=0.05) in statherin levels between the fasting state  (2.25±0.18 ng/L) and the post-fasting state (2.85±0.22 ng/L). No statistically significant difference was found concerning both the Plaque Index and the Gingival Index within fasting and post-fasting state.
Conclusion: Low concentration of sIgA and Statherin during Ramadan fasting may indicate altered salivary gland activity or systemic response to fasting, potentially affecting oral health.
Molecular Detection of the mecA and some Virulence Determinants in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Khalil Wed L. , Al-Hayanni Huda S.
Published: July 2024

Background: Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is globally acknowledged as a prominent contributor to both hospital-acquired and community infections. Understanding key virulence factors including coagulase production, hemolysis ability and biofilm formation, is crucial.Objective: The study aimed to establish a molecular characterisation of mecA gene and virulence factors genes (hla, icaA, and coa) in clinical isolates of MRSA obtained from two hospitals in Baghdad.Methods: A hundred and five isolates were obtained from clinical sources from November 2022 to March 2023 and their antibiotic sensitivity was assessed using the agar diffusion test against seven different antibiotics (Azithromycin, Ciprofloxacin, Nitrofurantoin, Rifampin, Trimethoprim, Ofloxacin and Oxacillin), Through Conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction, the presence of virulence factor genes including mecA, hla, icaA, and coa, was determined in MRSA isolates.Results: All MRSA isolates (100%) harboured the mecA, hla, and icaA genes while the coa gene was recognized in 50% of the isolates. Regarding antibiotic susceptibility, all MRSA isolates (100%) demonstrated sensitivity to Nitrofurantoin. Additionally, 96.8% of the isolates were sensitive to Oxacillin.Conclusion: Molecular detection of methicillin resistance genes and virulence genes can be used to diagnose MRSA isolates in hospitals. The presence of these genes may affect their pattern of sensitivity to antibiotics.
The planning process for marketing a service about to enter a foreign market: a concept case study
Authors: Perić Blaženko , Winter Tanja , Piskač Marcel , Rizvan Alja , Mehun Neven , Vukasović Tina
Published: July 2024

Purpose of the article – this case study aims to provide a strategic marketing plan aimed at facilitating a successful deployment of the conceptual “BurKI” SaaS into the highly competitive German market.
Research methodology – the concept is developed based on the analysis of market dynamics, competitor landscape, and cultural nuances of the target consumer base. Drawing from the 7P Marketing Mix framework, we consider product adaptation, pricing strategies, distribution channels, promotional strategies, and organizational structuring.
Findings – this study highlights the importance of localization, the digital nature of its marketing strategy, and alignment of brand values with the target consumer. It expands on the need for flexibility, adaptability, and continuous monitoring to ensure effective implementation, and lastly market penetration.
Practical implications – the herein described strategies aim to offer practical insight for businesses seeking to expand into international markets, particularly culturally diverse targets like Germany. By putting emphasis on customer-centricity, agility, and innovation, businesses can improve their competitiveness and establish a strong presence.
Originality/Value – this concept case study contributes to the literature by providing a comprehensive marketing plan tailored specifically for the German market, integrating both theoretical frameworks and practical insights. It highlights the importance of cultural sensitivity and strategic planning in the deployment of an international marketing campaign
Struktur Bawah pada Rumah Vernakular di Limo Koto Kampar
Authors: Amanati Ratna , Hanan Himasari , E. Kusuma Hanson
Published: July 2024

Rumah-rumah vernakular di Limo Koto berada di area perkampungan pinggiran sungai Kampar. Rumah-rumah vernakular ini memiliki dua ragam bentuk atap, yaitu Lontik dan Limas. Keduanya adalah rumah berpanggung dengan ketinggian yang beragam, mulai setinggi dada manusia dewasa hingga sepenjangkauan, yaitu setinggi tangan tegak di atas kepala. Dengan demikian tentulah sistem struktur yang digunakan oleh masing-masing bentuk juga berbeda. Untuk menopang bentuk atap yang berbeda, tentu ada sistem struktur bawah yang sesuai untuk setiap bentuk atap dan ketinggian panggungnya. Oleh karena itu makalah ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan struktur bawah pada masing-masing bentuk rumah tersebut. Dengan metode kualitatif dan deskriptif eksploratif makalah ini menggambarkan persamaan dan perbedaan serta hal-hal yang terkait dengan struktur bawah yang terkait dengan umpak dan tiang pada masing-masing bentuk vernakular di Limo Koto Kampar. Hasil dari kajian ini adalah terdapat tiga kelompok tipologi struktur bawah sesuai dengan bentuk rumah, yaitu tipe bentuk atap Lontik berpanggung tinggi, beratap limas berpanggung tinggi, dan beratap limas berpanggung rendah.
Pengaruh Pencahayaan Buatan Pada Starbucks Jatiuwung Terhadap Kenyamanan Visual Pengunjung
Authors: Dewi Nastiti Ahda  , Ade Syoufa
Published: July 2024

Dalam sebuah ruang interior, pencahayaan berpotensi mempengaruhi dan berkontribusi terhadap daya tarik dalam suatu ruang. Pencahayaan berperan penting dalam menciptakan kondisi dan kesan tertentu, tergantung karakter dan fungsi ruang. Selain dari pencahayaan, kenyamanan menjadi faktor lain yang harus diperhatikan dalam desain arsitektur. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pencahyaan buatan di dalam Starbucks Jatiuwung terhadap tingkat kenyamanan visual dalam ruangan. Metode yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini ialah pendekatan kuantitatif yang melibatkan pengumpulan data dari sumber primer maupun sekunder. Dengan menggunakan lux meter, diukur nilai jumlah cahaya yang dihasilkan dan hasilnya dibandingkan dengan standar yang menjadi acuan dalam SNI 03-6575-2001 yaitu 120 lux sampai dengan 250 lux. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa intensitas cahaya buatan di area pengunjung Starbucks Jatiuwung sebagian besar area sudah memenuhi standar pencahayaan rata-rata yang direkomendasikan, meskipun masih ada beberapa spot area yang pencahayaannya minim. Meski demikian, Starbucks Jatiuwung tetap dapat memberikan suasana dan kesan yang baik kepada pelanggannya.
Research on Automatic Matching and Learning of Technical Terms in English Translation Based on Semi-Supervised Learning
Authors: Zhang Ping
Published: July 2024

In the process of English translation, how to use monolingual corpus which is relatively easy to obtain and realize corpus expansion is the premise of applying intelligent term matching method. In order to improve the accuracy of automatic matching of technical terms in English translation, this paper proposes a semi-supervised learning translation method which incorporates the bottleneck of variational information. This method uses small-scale parallel corpus training to obtain the basic translation model and uses back translation to translate large-scale monolingual corpus into pseudo-parallel corpus, and then merges the two parallel corpus, so that the corpus scale can be well applied to variational method. The experimental results of semi-supervised learning on multiple translation data sets show that compared with the benchmark system, the proposed method can effectively improve the translation quality while maintaining the translation sentence length, and solve the problem of over-translation in traditional neural machine translation to a certain extent.
The Improvement and Application of Big Data Analysis Method to Traditional International Political Forecasting
Authors: Li Chang , Hu Zinan
Published: July 2024

In the study of international politics, our country gradually transformed the traditional intuitive prediction method, began to use big data analysis technique, although the relevant theory research has been optimized and innovative, but still does not get rid of the technical defects, such as the inaccurate prediction result, the accuracy of the prediction understanding error, etc. In the era of artificial intelligence, as the focus of traditional international political forecasting work, the forecasting work with big data analysis method as the core can make up for the defects of traditional forecasting methods and ensure that the final prediction results have guiding significance for practical development. Therefore, on the basis of understanding the current situation of big data analysis methods and traditional international political forecasting, this paper mainly discusses the current application of big data analysis methods in international political forecasting, and then verifies the application effect of big data methods by combining practical cases, and identifies effective measures for the future analysis of traditional international political forecasting based on big data. To fully demonstrate the application value of big data technology.
The influence of competence on work engagement through the mediation of self-efficacy (A study on Muslim teachers)
Authors: Anggraini Maria , Lubis Rahmi , Effendy Sjahril
Published: July 2024

This study aims to investigate the influence of competency on work engagement, with self-efficacy serving as a mediating variable, among Muslim teachers in Tanjung Morawa. The study's population comprised 230 teachers. A total sampling technique was employed, resulting in a sample size of 230 individuals. The research adopted a quantitative methodology, utilizing the Competency Scale, Work Engagement Scale, and Self-Efficacy Mediation Scale as measurement instruments. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression tests. The findings of this study indicate that self-efficacy (Z) significantly mediates the relationship between competency and work engagement. These results underscore the importance of competency and self-efficacy in enhancing teachers' work engagement. Therefore, efforts to improve teachers' competency and self-efficacy can be considered effective strategies for increasing work engagement. The implications of this study also provide training programs and interventions that are more focused on enhancing competency and self-efficacy in the workplace context
Application of AutoCAD and KOMPAS graphic editors
Authors:   Dulati Taraz Regional University, Usupov Muhtar , Barnakhanova Karlygash ,   Dulati Taraz Regional University
Published: July 2024

In this article, on the example of two graphics programs AutoCAD and KOMPAS, we tried to identify the most convenient computer graphics program for work. Most teachers prefer the interactive (computer) type of teaching. Interactive learning is much more effective than traditional learning. The success of interactive learning can mainly depend on the teacher and the level of interest of the students themselves. The article provides a comparative analysis of these programs and shows that these programs are indispensable when performing 3D modeling tasks. When the scale is reduced, changes occur in the Compass 3D program: for example, when creating a basic shape on a plane, the sketch parameters change. And when changing the coordinate axes in AutoCAD, it becomes difficult to draw figures such as parallelepipeds, cylinders, cones, etc. In AutoCAD, once you are familiar with the panel tools and have knowledge of descriptive geometry, you can easily begin drawing an axonometric image. The operation is also considered in the Compass program, since in this program there are no repetitions of the contour boundaries.
Formation and development of the militia: historical and legal analysis
Authors: Maliutina O. K. , Klymenko M. D.
Published: July 2024

The historical aspects of the formation and development of militia in Ukraine are studied, with special attention paid to its role during the revolutionary events and the civil war. The state of law and order in the Ukrainian lands in the late 19th – early 20th centuries, key legal aspects of the formation and initial stage of the militia functioning are analysed, and a scientific assessment of its activities in the context of complex revolutionary challenges is provided.
The creation and development of the Soviet militia was a complex and ambiguous process, so the challenges faced by the newly formed militia during the revolutionary period are analysed. The historical factors that contributed to the creation and development of the militia, its transformation over time, and the formation of the modern police are studied. Historical experience shows that the establishment of the Soviet militia depended on many factors, namely: the gradual formation of tasks, powers and functions of the militia, the definition of the regulatory framework for its activities, the organisation of the system of administrative apparatus, coordination of efforts at the local and central levels, the resolution of personnel issues, etc.
The necessity of studying the historical processes of formation of the modern police, its institutional origins in the context of the State development is emphasised, and the crucial role of the police in maintaining the rule of law, public order and security of citizens of modern Ukraine is noted. The study of historical factual material contributes to a better understanding of the evolution, nature and role of state institutions designed to protect Ukraine's sovereignty and solve other tasks in the field of national security and law enforcement in response to the needs of society, offering ideas for future effective strategies based on historical experience and current challenges.
Main Directorate of the National Police in Kharkiv Region
Authors: Slynko D. V. , Kalenichenko L. I.
Published: July 2024

The scientific study is devoted to the consideration of the legislation process as a form of legal proceedings in the law of ancient Rome. It is noted that in the modern national legal literature, scientific research related to ancient Roman law, as a rule, deals with the problems of substantive law, both civil and family law, and the institutions of procedural law are considered to a much lesser extent. Currently, research on this issue is relevant, since certain institutions and categories of the national legal system are based on the structure of Roman law, its principles, and were developed under its influence. It is emphasised that the legislative form, which was used in private cases in the first half of the Republic, can be considered the first historically developed form of procedure in Roman justice. The procedure was called legislative because it was based, in contrast to the old forms of private self-reprisal, exclusively on the law. It required the parties to act per legis actiones, i.e. without resorting to violence, in a lawful manner, on legal grounds, in a lawful manner. Compliance with the legislative form of legal proceedings guaranteed the legality and formality of the claimant’s (plaintiff’s) claims and the absence of elements of analogy in the claim and provided for the occurrence of only the consequences specified in the law.
The specific features of the legislation process (staggered nature; formality, ritual and ritualism; certain passivity of the authorities) are investigated; its varieties (betting process; “laying on of hands” process; sacrifice process; “appointment of a judge” process; “conditional” process) and stages (establishment of the plaintiff’s right and legal qualification; consideration of the case on the merits) are analysed. The great importance of the legislation form for the further development of the legal process is due to the fact that the legislation form divided the legal action into the filing of a claim, which provided for its formal recognition by the judicial authorities, and the actual legal proceedings, which had no regulation until a certain period. The author examines the peculiarities of Roman legal proceedings and concludes that the legislation process was a rather complex procedure which in its content was similar to the customary.
Parental kidnapping as a form of abuse of parental rights
Authors: Yushkevych O. G. , Burdin M. Yu.
Published: July 2024

The article explores the legal phenomenon of “parental kidnapping”. It is noted that Ukrainian legislation lacks a definition of this legal phenomenon. The author suggests understanding parental kidnapping as the action of one of the parents regarding the unauthorized change of the child’s place of residence without the consent of the other parent with whom, according to the law or a court decision, the child resides. This includes abduction, leading to a violation of the child’s rights and causing material or non-material harm.
Statistical data from the Secretariat of the Commissioner for Human Rights of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine for 2022–2023 regarding the number of parental requests for the unauthorized change of the child’s place of residence by one of the parents is provided.
The legislative regulation of this legal phenomenon and the peculiarities of holding parents accountable for such abuse of parental rights in Ukraine are analyzed. Ukrainian legal practitioners categorize the actions falling under the concept of “parental kidnapping” as domestic violence against the child in the form of psychological violence, especially towards the other parent with whom the child lived before the abduction. In cases where there are signs of physical injuries on the child, physical violence against the abducted child is also considered.
The legal positions of Ukrainian courts in cases of parental kidnapping are discussed. Generally, since there is no legal provision specifying responsibility for such actions, in cases where the evidence presented by the plaintiff parent proves that the other parent changed the child’s place of residence without authorization, the court grants the plaintiff parent’s claim for the return of the child.
Proposals are formulated for measures that need to be implemented to prevent, counteract, and legally hold accountable for parental kidnapping.
Criminal liability for the commission of war crimes: analysis of the corpus delicti of unlawful encroachments
Authors: Sokurenko V. V.
Published: July 2024

The need for a criminal law analysis of military-violent crime is substantiated given the ongoing armed conflict in Ukraine, the annexation of some of its territories and the open calls of the russian authorities to destroy the Ukrainian nation and incite hatred towards everything that identifies Ukraine as a sovereign independent state. The classification of war crimes in the context of the armed conflict in Ukraine is proposed depending on the category of victims Military violent crimes in the context of the armed conflict in Ukraine should be divided into two groups of offences depending on the category of victims. The first group of such unlawful encroachments includes war crimes against the civilian population (Article 433; parts 1 and 2 of Article 438 of the CCU – violation of the laws and customs of war regarding rape and sexual violence, enslavement and torture, forced displacement of civilians, intentional killing of civilians; Article 442 of the CCU). The second group of military-violent offences includes military-violent crimes against servicemen (Article 434 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine; Part 1 of Article 438 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine – violation of the laws and customs of war regarding the ill-treatment of POWs, including cases of use of prohibited means and methods of warfare, as a result of which a serviceman was recognised as a victim).
The approaches to the interpretation of certain features of the objective and subjective sides of the corpus delicti of the relevant military-violent crimes in the course of law enforcement are analysed and clarified, and recommendations aimed at forming a unified law enforcement practice regarding their criminal law qualification are provided The emphasis is placed on the fact that for the purpose of qualification and distinction from other war crimes of violation of the laws and customs of war in various forms of the objective side of Part 1 of Article 438 of the CC of Ukraine, not only the features of the objective side, the disposition of which is of a blanket nature, are important, but also the features of the subject of this criminal encroachment, which is not limited to the fact that it can be only a combatant. The author offers recommendations on the qualification features of various types of military violent crimes and their distinction from crimes against humanity, taking into account the existing doctrinal positions.
Experience of foreign countries in ensuring procedural guarantees of the rights of participants in criminal proceedings
Authors: Piddubna A. V.
Published: July 2024

The fundamental rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of a person, being subject to the greatest restrictions during criminal proceedings, are guaranteed by the existence of substantive and procedural rules in the legislation aimed at protecting, defending and implementing procedural guarantees of participants in criminal proceedings. The dynamics of social, political, economic and legal life, the social mentality of today, as well as convergence processes determine the adaptation of national criminal procedure legislation to International law. However, the issues of adaptation of national legislation to the provisions of foreign legislation in terms of guaranteeing each participant in criminal proceedings the protection, defence and realisation of their rights, freedoms and legitimate interests in accordance with international standards remain controversial. At the same time, there are a number of gaps and inconsistencies in the provisions of the criminal procedure legislation, the gradual elimination of which will allow Ukraine to reach the international level as a state that guarantees each participant in criminal proceedings the protection, defence and exercise of their rights, freedoms and legitimate interests in accordance with European standards, as well as reduce the number of applications to the European Court of Human Rights.
Based on the results of the study, and on the basis of a selective analysis of foreign experience of certain countries, the article identifies the existing problematic issues related to the guarantee of the rights of participants to criminal proceedings, and also formulates proposals for improving criminal procedure legislation in this area, using international experience. The problematic areas of guaranteeing the rights of participants to criminal proceedings include the legal status of individual participants to criminal proceedings, compensation for damages, and the use of procedural terminology. In order to improve and bring the criminal procedure legislation of Ukraine closer to international standards in terms of protection, safeguarding and realisation of the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of participants in criminal proceedings, the following proposals have been presented: to establish a unit, body or organisation for the protection of the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of witnesses with the development of appropriate programmes for their protection; to introduce the use of separate procedural terminology; to develop a procedure for granting and exercising the right to free legal aid to victims, civilians as well as the procedure for compensation for damage caused by a criminal offence.
CLIMATE AND CARBON MARKETS: OPPORTUNITIES AND BARRIERS FOR MERGING INSTRUMENTS
Authors: Soloviy Ihor ,   Ukrainian National Forestry University, Panchyshyn Yaroslav ,   Ukrainian National Forestry University
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the article is to identify the prerequisites, features, advantages and disadvantages of climate financing as a type of environmental and sustainable financing in combination with carbon markets and prospective ways of developing this activity. The article provides an overview of the definitions, essence, and interrelation of climate, environmental, and sustainable financing. Public climate finance should serve to create an enabling environment by providing technical assistance funds to help project implementers overcome various technical, financial and institutional barriers .Besides that, climate finance should, reduce the risks of direct capital investments by covering additional costs for targeted emissions reduction or adaptation measures. To achieve this, such funding can be provided either upfront to reduce capital costs or in the form of payment for results to offset operational costsAttention is paid to the main aspects and differences in the functioning of mandatory and voluntary carbon markets. The importance of combining state climate financing with carbon market instruments is argued. The main barriers to such a combination, which recipient countries have faced, are analyzed. It is proven that achieving many Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and implementing the Paris Climate Agreement requires a significant increase in the volumes of new climate financing with simultaneous maximization of ancillary benefits from various results, including for local communities. Recommendations have been formed to increase the level of standardization, harmonization of standards, and disclosure of non-financial information published by companies and used to assess climate risks.