bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Protective effect of wogonin on inflammatory responses in BisGMA‐treated macrophages through the inhibition of MAPK and NFκB pathways
Authors: Yang Li‐Chiu , Chang Yu‐Chao , Chiang Chen‐Yu , Huang Fu‐Mei , Su Ni‐Yu , Kuan Yu‐Hsiang
Published: September 2022

Composites, resins, and sealants that are commonly used in orthopedics and dentistry are based on 2,2‐bis[p‐(2′‐hydroxy‐3′‐methacryloxypropoxy)phenylene]propane (BisGMA), which induces proinflammatory responses in macrophages. The present study aimed to explore the anti‐inflammatory responses of wogonin, which is a natural dihydroxyl flavonoid compound, in BisGMA‐treated macrophages. According to the findings, wogonin exhibits anti‐inflammatory, antiallergic, anticancer, and antioxidative properties. The generation of nitric oxide (NO) and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were noted to be inhibited by wogonin in BisGMA‐treated macrophages. Furthermore, the production of proinflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, interleukin (IL)‐1β, and IL‐6 was reduced. In addition, BisGMA‐induced nuclear factor (NF)‐κB p65 phosphorylation and inhibitor of κB (IκB) degradation were inhibited. Finally, the BisGMA‐induced phosphorylation of mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including p38 MAPK, extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK), c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) was inhibited. All these effects were induced by wogonin in the macrophages in a concentration‐dependent manner. Similar inhibitory effects of wogonin were observed on the production of NO and proinflammatory cytokines, expression of iNOS, phosphorylation of NF‐κB p65 and MAPK, and degradation of IκB. These results indicated that rutin is a potential anti‐inflammatory agent for BisGMA‐treated macrophages that undergo NFκB p65 phosphorylation and IκB degradation through upstream MAPK phosphorylation. Therefore, wogonin inhibits BisGMA‐induced proinflammatory responses in macrophages through the regulation of the NFκB pathway and its upstream factor, MAPK.
‘Turkish turban’ sign: rare phenotype of acrania‐exencephaly‐anencephaly sequence
Authors: Tonni G. , Grisolia G. , Rizzo G. , Ruano R. , Sepulveda W.
Published: September 2022

Linked article: There is a comment on this article by Demir et al. Click here to view the Correspondence.
Cross‐sectional study of primary antimicrobial treatment and vaccination coverage in outbreaks of bovine respiratory disease on dairy and beef farms in northern Belgium
Authors: Lowie Thomas , Hanley‐Cook Giles , Callens Jozefien , Maris Jo , Pardon Bart
Published: September 2022

Background

To what extent veterinarians active in the dairy or beef sector follow the antimicrobial therapy guidelines made available in different European countries for bovine respiratory disease (BRD) outbreaks, and whether differences in therapeutic or preventive preferences for BRD management exist, is currently unknown. Therefore, the objectives of this cross‐sectional study were to compare vaccination coverage and primary antimicrobial and anti‐inflammatory treatment on dairy, beef and mixed‐breed farms in northern Belgium, and determine their compliance with the recommendations made by the Belgian formulary.

Methods

Information on antimicrobial and anti‐inflammatory drug use and vaccination coverage from 190 BRD outbreaks in 180 herds, submitted by 101 veterinarians, was analysed. Multivariable linear probability models, adjusted for clustering at the veterinarian level, were used to determine differences between dairy and beef farms.

Results

Antimicrobials and non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were used in 93.5% and 81.7% of the BRD outbreaks, respectively. First‐line antimicrobials were used as primary treatment in only 42.3%, 50.9% and 38.6% of dairy, beef and mixed‐breed farms, respectively. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed between dairy and beef farms in terms of use of long‐acting macrolides (–17.2 percentage points [pp]; 95% confidence interval [CI]: –31.9, –2.5), steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (15.2 pp; CI: 0.5, 29.8) and vaccination coverage (bovine respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus type 3 [33.1 pp; Cl: 15.7–50.6] and Mannheimia haemolytica [23.1 pp; Cl: 3.4–39.8]).

Limitations

The herds that participated in this study were likely among the more motivated regarding BRD control. As such, the information on vaccination coverage is likely not entirely representative of herds in the study area. Interpretation is further complicated by the fact that vaccinated herds were potentially less likely to face a BRD outbreak and therefore participate in the current study.

Conclusion

This study reveals differences in the primary use of (N)SAIDs, type of antimicrobials used and vaccination coverage on beef and dairy farms in the study region, and also differences in the appropriateness of antimicrobial selection based on the Belgian formulary.
Rethinking Competencies in Hazardous Industries
Authors: Largier Alexandre
Published: September 2022

Nuclear safety depends largely on the competence and competencies of the employees in the sector. While this is not a new subject, numerous current and future changes once again bring into question these competencies and their management. In recent years, a number of studies have demonstrated the limitations of the managerial approach to competencies, in particular their failure to take into account the collective dimension of said competencies and the contextual aspects of their implementation. In our opinion, competencies must be considered in terms of the work activity so that they are not restricted to a systematised formalism, and their management must be tackled within the organised framework in which they are deployed.
Issues to Consider as a CCI and Learning Technology Researcher
Authors: Giannakos Michail
Published: September 2022

In this chapter, we present three topics that are of great importance to CCI and learning technology researchers. The first topic is concerned with the role of “context” in experimental studies, and CCI and learning technology in general. The second topic is concerned with the ethical considerations in experimentation in human-factors IT-related research. The third topic focuses on researchers conducting experimental studies with children, and the need to employ different methods, approaches, and techniques. Although those are the three topics I decided to include in this book, I also believe that additional topics can complement this list.
Learning Technology and Child–Computer Interaction
Authors: Giannakos Michail
Published: September 2022

Learning technology research focuses on the design, development, and/or use of technologies that support learning, whereas CCI research focuses on the design, development, and/or use of technologies that support children’s lives (with a heavy emphasis on learning). Therefore, learning technology and CCI research can be described as research that focuses on the design, development, and/or use of technologies that support learning and/or children’s lives. In this chapter, we provide an introduction to CCI and learning technologies as interdisciplinary fields of research, provide good working definitions and discuss their commonalities, synergies, and complementarities.
Erklärungsgegenstand: Ideologie-basierte Gewalt
Authors: Lohmann Marco-Thejesh
Published: September 2022

Gegenstandsbereich des vorliegenden Erklärungsmodells sind lebensbedrohliche Gewalthandlungen in Westeuropa, die auf dem gewaltbereiten Islamismus basieren. Zur genaueren Eingrenzung des Erklärungsgegenstandes sollen zum einen der Phänomenbereich Islamismus definiert und die Merkmale von Ideologien, die unter diese Extremismusform fallen, beleuchtet werden. Zum anderen werden die unterschiedlichen Deliktformen, die zur Kategorie islamistischer Gewalttaten in Westeuropa zu zählen sind, beschrieben.
Bisherige Theorien zur Erklärung islamistischer Gewalt
Authors: Lohmann Marco-Thejesh
Published: September 2022

Es gibt eine Vielzahl von Theorien und Erklärungsmodellen, die versuchen, die Begehung islamistischer Gewalthandlungen in Westeuropa zu begründen. In diesem Kapitel soll eine Auswahl von Erklärungsansätzen vorgestellt werden, die besonders häufig in der Literatur Erwähnung finden. Der Fokus richtet sich dabei vor allem darauf, ob diese Ansätze die in Kapitel 3 erwähnten Herausforderungen und Anforderungen für eine adäquate Erklärung erfüllen. Die Betrachtung offenbart, dass es Defizite insbesondere dann gibt, wenn es darum geht zu erklären, wann es zu einer konkreten Gewalttat kommt.
Zusammenfassung und Schlussfolgerungen
Authors: Lohmann Marco-Thejesh
Published: September 2022

In diesem abschließenden Kapitel werden die wesentlichen Punkte des Erklärungsmodells und der Studie noch einmal kurz zusammengefasst sowie Schlussfolgerungen aus den Ergebnissen der Untersuchung gezogen. Dabei soll ein besonderer Fokus auf potentiellen Erkenntnissen der Arbeit für die weitere Theoriebildung in diesem Gegenstandsbereich, für folgende Forschungen sowie für Möglichkeiten zur Verhinderung von künftigen Anschlägen liegen.
Chaotic spin chains in AdS/CFT
Authors: McLoughlin Tristan , Spiering Anne
Published: September 2022

Abstract

We consider the spectrum of anomalous dimensions in planar $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory and its $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 super-conformal Leigh-Strassler deformations. The two-loop truncation of the integrable $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 dilatation operator in the SU(2) sector, which is a next-to-nearest-neighbour deformation of the XXX spin chain, is not strictly integrable at finite coupling and we show that it indeed has Wigner-Dyson level statistics. However, we find that it is only weakly chaotic in the sense that the cross-over to chaotic dynamics is slower than for generic chaotic systems.

For the Leigh-Strassler deformed theory with generic parameters, we show that the one-loop dilatation operator in the SU(3) sector is chaotic, with a spectrum that is well described by GUE Random Matrix Theory. For the imaginary-β deformation, the statistics are GOE and the transition from the integrable limit is that of a generic system. This provides a weak-coupling analogue of the chaotic dynamics seen for classical strings in the dual background.

We further study the spin chains in the semi-classical limit described by generalised Landau-Lifshitz models, which are also known to describe large-angular-momentum string solutions in the dual theory. We show that for the higher-derivative theory following from the two-loop $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 SU(2) spin chain, the maximal Lyapunov exponent is close to zero, consistent with the absence of chaotic dynamics. For the imaginary-β SU(3) theory, the resulting Landau-Lifshitz model has classically chaotic dynamics at finite values of the deformation parameter.
The gauging procedure and carrollian gravity
Authors: Figueroa-O’Farrill José , Have Emil , Prohazka Stefan , Salzer Jakob
Published: September 2022

Abstract

We discuss a gauging procedure that allows us to construct lagrangians that dictate the dynamics of an underlying Cartan geometry. In a sense to be made precise in the paper, the starting datum in the gauging procedure is a Klein pair corresponding to a homogeneous space. What the gauging procedure amounts to is the construction of a Cartan geometry modelled on that Klein geometry, with the gauge field defining a Cartan connection. The lagrangian itself consists of all gauge-invariant top-forms constructed from the Cartan connection and its curvature. After demonstrating that this procedure produces four-dimensional General Relativity upon gauging Minkowski spacetime, we proceed to gauge all four-dimensional maximally symmetric carrollian spaces: Carroll, (anti-)de Sitter-Carroll and the lightcone. For the first three of these spaces, our lagrangians generalise earlier first-order lagrangians. The resulting theories of carrollian gravity all take the same form, which seems to be a manifestation of model mutation at the level of the lagrangians. The odd one out, the lightcone, is not reductive and this means that although the equations of motion take the same form as in the other cases, the geometric interpretation is different. For all carrollian theories of gravity we obtain analogues of the Gauss-Bonnet, Pontryagin and Nieh-Yan topological terms, as well as two additional terms that are intrinsically carrollian and seem to have no lorentzian counterpart. Since we gauge the theories from scratch this work also provides a no-go result for the electric carrollian theory in a first-order formulation.
Behavioral and neurochemical interactions of the tricyclic antidepressant drug desipramine with L-DOPA in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats. Implications for motor and psychiatric functions in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Kamińska Kinga , Lenda Tomasz , Konieczny Jolanta , Lorenc-Koci Elżbieta
Published: September 2022

Rationale

The pharmacological effects of antidepressants in modulating noradrenergic transmission as compared to serotonergic transmission in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease under chronic L-DOPA therapy are insufficiently explored.

Objectives

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of the tricyclic antidepressant desipramine administered chronically alone or jointly with L-DOPA, on motor behavior and monoamine metabolism in selected brain structures of rats with the unilateral 6-OHDA lesion.

Methods

The antiparkinsonian activities of L-DOPA and desipramine were assessed behaviorally using a rotation test and biochemically based on changes in the tissue concentrations of noradrenaline, dopamine and serotonin and their metabolites, evaluated separately for the ipsi- and contralateral motor (striatum, substantia nigra) and limbic (prefrontal cortex, hippocampus) structures of rat brain by HPLC method.

Results

Desipramine administered alone did not induce rotational behavior, but in combination with L-DOPA, it increased the number of contralateral rotations more strongly than L-DOPA alone. Both L-DOPA and desipramine + L-DOPA significantly increased DA levels in the ipsilateral striatum, substantia nigra, prefrontal cortex and the ipsi- and contralateral hippocampus. The combined treatment also significantly increased noradrenaline content in the ipsi- and contralateral striatum, while L-DOPA alone decreased serotonin level on both sides of the hippocampus.

Conclusions

The performed analysis of the level of monoamines and their metabolites in the selected brain structures suggests that co-modulation of noradrenergic and dopaminergic transmission in Parkinson’s disease by the combined therapy with desipramine + L-DOPA may have some positive implications for motor and psychiatric functions but further research is needed to exclude potential negative effects.
Bayesian inference of multivariate-GARCH-BEKK models
Authors: Livingston G. C. , Nur Darfiana
Published: September 2022

The main aim of this paper is to present a Bayesian analysis of Multivariate GARCH(l, m) (M-GARCH) models including estimation of the coefficient parameters as well as the model order, by combining a set of existing MCMC algorithms in the literature. The proposed algorithm focuses on the BEKK formulation of the multivariate GARCH model. The estimation procedure will be designed as a custom MCMC with embedded Reversible Jump MCMC (RJMCMC) and Delayed Rejection Metropolis-Hastings (DRMH) steps implemented using the statistical software R. The RJMCMC steps allow three variants of BEKK models (constant, diagonal and full) to be indexed and this index included as a parameter to be estimated. The proposed MCMC algorithms are validated using extensive simulation experiments followed by a case study using bivariate data derived from the daily share prices for BHP Group Limited, Rio Tinto Group, and Fortescue Metals Group Limited on the ASX over from September 2013 to December 2021.
Local Criteria for Triangulating General Manifolds
Authors: Boissonnat Jean-Daniel , Dyer Ramsay , Ghosh Arijit , Wintraecken Mathijs
Published: September 2022

We present criteria for establishing a triangulation of a manifold. Given a manifold M, a simplicial complex $${\mathscr {A}}$$
A
, and a map H from the underlying space of $${\mathscr {A}}$$
A
to M, our criteria are presented in local coordinate charts for M, and ensure that H is a homeomorphism.

These criteria do not require a differentiable structure, or even an explicit metric on M. No Delaunay property of $${\mathscr {A}}$$
A
is assumed. The result provides a triangulation guarantee for algorithms that construct a simplicial complex by working in local coordinate patches. Because the criteria are easily verified in such a setting, they are expected to be of general use.
Permeability of the weathered bedrock aquifers in Uganda: evidence from a large pumping-test dataset and its implications for rural water supply
Authors: Owor Michael , Okullo Joseph , Fallas Helen , MacDonald Alan M. , Taylor Richard , MacAllister Donald John
Published: September 2022

Weathered crystalline-rock aquifers underlie around 40% of sub-Saharan Africa providing water supplies for half of its rural population; they are also prevalent across the tropics. The hydrogeology of these aquifers is complex and better understanding of the controls to aquifer transmissivity, alongside accurate borehole siting and appropriate design, is pivotal to the long-term performance and sustainability of water services in many countries. This study examines a substantial new dataset (n = 655) of aquifer transmissivity values across Uganda derived from previously unanalyzed pumping-test data. These data provide important new insights: weathered crystalline-rock aquifers are distinguished by pervasively low transmissivities (median <2 m2/d) in comparison to other areas in the tropics; highest transmissivities are observed in boreholes <50 m deep, implying that drilling deeper boreholes does not typically improve supply success or sustainability in Uganda; and increased groundwater abstraction through the use of higher-yielding pump technologies will prove challenging in most areas of Uganda and limit their use for piped water supplies. This study highlights the scientific value of data held in drillers’ records, which remain unanalyzed in many countries but may provide useful insight and understanding of aquifer characteristics.
On the use of the descriptive variable for enhancing the aggregation of crowdsourced labels
Authors: Beñaran-Muñoz Iker , Hernández-González Jerónimo , Pérez Aritz
Published: September 2022

The use of crowdsourcing for annotating data has become a popular and cheap alternative to expert labelling. As a consequence, an aggregation task is required to combine the different labels provided and agree on a single one per example. Most aggregation techniques, including the simple and robust majority voting—to select the label with the largest number of votes—disregard the descriptive information provided by the explanatory variable. In this paper, we propose domain-aware voting, an extension of majority voting which incorporates the descriptive variable and the rest of the instances of the dataset for aggregating the label of every instance. The experimental results with simulated and real-world crowdsourced data suggest that domain-aware voting is a competitive alternative to majority voting, especially when a part of the dataset is unlabelled. We elaborate on practical criteria for the use of domain-aware voting.
A study of equatorial plasma bubble structure using VHF radar and GNSS scintillations over the low-latitude regions
Authors: Bumrungkit Acharaporn , Supnithi Pornchai , Saito Susumu , Myint Lin Min Min
Published: September 2022

Ionospheric irregularities can cause detrimental effects on the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals, often in the form of rapid fluctuations in both amplitude and phase. Over the low-latitude regions, the equatorial plasma bubble (EPB) frequently arises after sunset, leading to GNSS scintillations since the signals propagate through ionospheric irregularities. The relationship between amplitude ionospheric scintillations (S4 index) on GNSS signals and EPB characteristics is presented. We investigate the geometrical relationship between backscatter echoes associated with the EPB and the multi-constellation and multi-frequency scintillations, specifically, GPS and Galileo constellations with L1/E1 and L5/E5a signals. By analyzing the GNSS scintillations along the GNSS signal paths, the GNSS ionospheric pierce points (IPPs) are mapped with S4 index at different altitudes and projected along the magnetic field line together with the backscatter echoes at the equatorial atmosphere radar (EAR), West Sumatra, Indonesia. Our results are obtained for moderate scintillation cases due to limited data available for this study. The results show the EPB impact ionospheric scintillations. The S4 index on the L5/E5a signal is more susceptible to scintillations than the L1/E1 signal. Moreover, we found a high correlation between EAR backscatter echoes and S4 values on both L1/E1 and L5/E5a at an altitude between 250 and 350 km, indicating that the EPB occurs on the bottomside of the ionosphere.
A flocculation tensor to monitor water quality using a deep learning model
Authors: Zhu Guocheng , Lin Jialin , Fang Haiquan , Yuan Fang , Li Xiaoshang , Yuan Cheng , Hursthouse Andrew S.
Published: September 2022

The increasing quantities of polluted waters are calling for advanced purification methods. Flocculation is an essential component of the water purification process, yet flocculation is commonly not optimal due to our poor understanding of the flocculation process. In particular, there is little knowledge on the mechanisms ruling the migration of pollutants during treatment. Here we have created the first tensor diagram, a mathematical framework for the flocculation process, analyzed its properties with a deep learning model, and developed a classification scheme for its relationship with pollutants. The tensor was constructed by combining pixel matrices from a variety of floc images, each with a particular flocculation period. Changing the factors used to make flocs images, such as coagulant dose and pH, resulted in tensors, which were used to generate matrices, that is the tensor diagram. Our deep learning algorithm employed a tensor diagram to identify pollution levels. Results show tensor map attributes with over 98% of sample images correctly classified. This approach offers potential to reduce the time delay of feedback from the flocculation process with deep learning categorization based on its clustering capabilities. The advantage of the tensor data from the flocculation process improves the efficiency and speed of response for commercial water treatment.
Early retirement intentions: the impact of employment biographies, work stress and health among a baby-boomer generation
Authors: Toczek Lisa , Bosma Hans , Peter Richard
Published: September 2022

In recent years, early retirement decisions have become more frequent in the European Union despite political efforts to prevent early retirement. This is a growing problem for the social security system. The study focuses on a life course approach using employment biographies and investigates the influence of work stress and health on early retirement intentions. Data of employees who were born in either 1959 or 1965 of the German cohort study on work, age, health and work participation are analysed (n = 3338). By linking survey and register data from 1993 to 2011, a sequence analysis is conducted to identify employment biographies. To analyse the relationship between the employment biographies and intended early retirement, a longitudinal path analysis is computed and includes work stress, measured through effort-reward imbalance, and self-rated health. The statistical analyses identify three adverse employment biographies, i.e. part-time work, episodes of unemployment or marginal employment. In addition, two favourable employment biographies are determined, characterised by full-time work and few episodes of unemployment. The results of the path analysis show that employment biographies with high work-related stress have early retirement intentions. Among adverse employment biographies, indirect effects of poor health on the association between work stress and early retirement intentions are found. Unexpectedly, among full-time workers, work stress is also associated with early retirement intentions with an additional mediation through health. The findings of this study highlight the importance of the life course perspective when analysing retirement decisions. In addition to health-promoting interventions in the labour market, effects of psychosocial factors should be focussed on in order to reduce early exits from the labour market.
Psychosocial Interventions and Support Groups for Siblings of Individuals with Neurodevelopmental Conditions: A Mixed Methods Systematic Review of Sibling Self-reported Mental Health and Wellbeing Outcomes
Authors: Wolff Brittany , Magiati Iliana , Roberts Rachel , Skoss Rachel , Glasson Emma J.
Published: September 2022

Siblings of persons with neurodevelopmental conditions (NDCs) have increased risk of poorer psychosocial functioning. This systematic review evaluated quantitative and qualitative evidence on sibling mental health and wellbeing outcomes following psychosocial interventions and the risk and protective factors associated with post-intervention outcomes. From 2025 identified studies published from 1991 to 2022 across ten databases, 24 studies were included. The largest immediate post-intervention improvements were in self-esteem, social wellbeing and knowledge of NDCs. The most sustained improvements in intervention groups at follow-up periods were in emotional and behavioural adjustment and NDC knowledge. There were positive, but small, differences in favour of the intervention groups on knowledge of NDCs, self-esteem, coping and the sibling relationship as compared to waitlist control groups. Psychosocial interventions for siblings are heterogeneous, and more data, including consideration of unique family circumstances, are needed to improve reporting and replicability, to measure effectiveness and tailor necessary supports.
Is sitagliptin effective for SARS-CoV-2 infection: false or true prophecy?
Authors: Alomair Basil Mohammed , Al-kuraishy Hayder M. , Al-Buhadily Ali K. , Al-Gareeb Ali I. , De Waard Michel , Elekhnawy Engy , Batiha Gaber El-Saber
Published: September 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome type 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Covid-19 is characterized by hyperinflammation, oxidative stress, and multi-organ injury (MOI) such as acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Covid-19 is mainly presented with respiratory manifestations; however, extra-pulmonary manifestations may also occur. Extra-pulmonary manifestations of Covid-19 are numerous including: neurological, cardiovascular, renal, endocrine, and hematological complications. Notably, a cluster of differentiation 26 (CD26) or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) emerged as a new receptor for entry of SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, DPP-4 inhibitors like sitagliptin could be effective in treating Covid-19. Hence, we aimed in the present critical review to assess the potential role of sitagliptin in Covid-19. DPP-4 inhibitors are effective against the increased severity of SARS-CoV-2 infections. Moreover, DPP-4 inhibitors inhibit the interaction between DPP-4 and scaffolding proteins which are essential for endosome formation and replication of SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, sitagliptin through attenuation of the inflammatory signaling pathway and augmentation of stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) may decrease the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection and could be a possible therapeutic modality in treating Covid-19 patients. In conclusion, the DPP-4 receptor is regarded as a potential receptor for the binding and entry of SARS-CoV-2. Inhibition of these receptors by the DPP-4 inhibitor, sitagliptin, can reduce the pathogenesis of the infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 and their associated activation of the inflammatory signaling pathways.
Emotion Regulation in the Classroom: A Network Approach to Model Relations among Emotion Regulation Difficulties, Engagement to Learn, and Relationships with Peers and Teachers
Authors: De Neve Debbie , Bronstein Michael V. , Leroy An , Truyts Alex , Everaert Jonas
Published: September 2022

Emotion regulation is theorized to shape students’ engagement in learning activities, but the specific pathways via which this occurs remain unclear. This study examined how emotion regulation mechanisms are related to behavioral and emotional engagement as well as relations with peers and teachers. The sample included 136 secondary school students (59,7% girls; Mage = 14.93, SDage = 1.02, range: 13–18 years). Psychometric network models revealed that difficulties in emotional awareness, emotional clarity, and access to emotion regulation strategies were differentially related to behavioral and emotional engagement, establishing an indirect link with teacher and/or peer relations. Nonacceptance of emotional responses, emotional awareness, and impulse control difficulties were uniquely related to teacher and/or peer relations, establishing an indirect link with student engagement. Causal discovery analysis suggested that student emotional engagement is an empirically-plausible direct cause of increased access to emotion regulation strategies. These findings uncover potential pathways through which emotion regulation hampers or facilitates learning at school, providing information useful for the design of school curricula and teacher training programs.
An extendable key space integer image-cipher using 4-bit piece-wise linear cat map
Authors: Gnyamsi Nkuigwa Gaetan Gildas , Djeugoue Nzeuga Hermann , Fouda J. S. Armand Eyebe , Sabat Samrat L. , Koepf Wolfram
Published: September 2022

This paper presents a multiplierless image-cipher, with extendable 2048-bit key-space, based on a 4-dimensional (4D) quantized piece-wise linear cat map (PWLCM). The quantized PWLCM exhibits limit-cycles of 4-bit encoded integers with periods greater than 107. The synthesis of the PWLCM in a finite state space allows to eliminate the undesirable finite precision effect due to the hardware realization. The proposed image-cipher combines chaos, modular arithmetic, and lattice-based cryptography to encrypt a color image by performing pixel permutation and diffusion in a single operation. Further, an image-dependent confusion operation based on an 8-bit 2D-PWLCM is performed on the whole image to enhance security. In order to increase the key-space without key duplication, 16 × 16 sub-images are modified using sub-keys of different lattice length vectors generated from the external key. Both simulations and security analyses confirm that the proposed algorithm can resist common cipher attacks, in addition to its advantages such as simplicity, ease of implementation on low-end processors and extensibility of key-space that allows it to easily adapt even for future post-quantum computing attacks.
Volume Growth and On-diagonal Heat Kernel Bounds on Riemannian Manifolds with an End
Authors: Grigor’yan Alexander , Sürig Philipp
Published: September 2022

We investigate heat kernel estimates of the form pt(x,x) ≥ cxt−α, for large enough t, where α and cx are positive reals and cx may depend on x, on manifolds having at least one end with a polynomial volume growth.
Simulating flash floods using remote sensing and GIS-based KW-GIUH hydrological model
Authors: Almasalmeh Omar , Mourad Khaldoon A. , Eizeldin Mohamed
Published: September 2022

Understanding storm flow generation within arid wadis is challenging because of the absence of reliable long-term field measurements. This paper simulates the flash flood runoff within Wadi Billi, Egypt, using remote sensing and GIS-based KW-GIUH model considering the linkage between the watershed’s geomorphological characteristics and its hydrologic response. A morphometric database of 58 parameters for all aspects has been developed using GIS; then, at the sub-basin level, KW-GIUH model has been used to simulate the hydrological response for the storm event of 9thMarch 2014. The statistical analysis, using Pearson correlation, classified the morphometric parameters according to their hydrological contribution and showed that only 21 parameters are significant. The results lead to isolating the most effective morphometric parameters, and this could be used to optimize the mathematical equations of the hydrological models to be more realistic in representing the physical processes of flash floods. Defining the morphometric parameters at sub-basin level is essential to predict the damages and to forecast the water flow order, which helps in designing a sustainable stormwater system that can protect the downstream areas and use rainwater instead of discharging it to the ocean.
The late medieval and early modern ceramics in the city of Córdoba (Andalusia, Spain). Christian productions under the Islamic tradition
Authors: Valls Llorens Marta , Buxeda i Garrigós Jaume , Madrid i Fernández Marisol
Published: September 2022

The archaeological knowledge of the material culture in the city of Córdoba (Andalusia, Spain) during the late medieval and early modern periods is very scarce. Urban rescue excavations and archive sources evidence that the so-called Barrio de las Ollerías (potters’ quarter) was the main ceramic production area from the early medieval period until the end of the early modern period. Nevertheless, there is a total lack of archaeological and archaeometric studies since research has traditionally focused on Seville city and other production centres closer to the Atlantic Coast. However, archaeological and archaeometric studies concerning Islamic pottery have increased in Córdoba in the last years, although there is a lack of studies on the late medieval and early modern ceramic production. This article aims to contribute to filling this gap through an exhaustive study of the ceramic production of Córdoba in this period. As a first objective, studying the ceramics recovered from the workshops will enable us to define the chemical reference groups (RG). The second step will be the approach to the technology used by the potters for the elaboration of the different products. With these objectives in mind, 120 individuals have been chemically characterised using x-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF) and mineralogically through x-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The sample includes tin-lead glazed vessels, coarse and cooking ware vessels, and storage and transport jars dated from the fifteenth to the eighteenth centuries.
Structural smoothing on mixed instantaneous phase energy for automatic fault and horizon picking: case study on F3 North Sea
Authors: Safari Mohammad Reza , Taheri Kioumars , Hashemi Hosein , Hadadi Ali
Published: September 2022

Today, with the development of 3-D studies and the increase in seismic data volume, there is a growing need to expand interpretation techniques for achieving higher speed and accuracy of interpretation tasks. Determining seismic faults and horizons is vital to accomplish the process as one of the essential stages of data interpretation. With the recent development of computational methods in seismic interpretation and their benefits, different approaches have been promoted. The specialist can make the understanding much faster with higher accuracy. In this research, a fully automated dual horizon and fault selection approach in the presence of semi-vertical faults is presented using a structural smoothing condition. Geological faults make it challenging to map sedimentary layers appropriately which is targeted for review in this work. Unlike Image processing techniques that determine the location of faults only, the proposed approach gives the benefit of the estimated fault displacement. In this method, faults are modeled as a displacement vector field. Despite traditional methods (such as similarity and coherence), in this method, the vector field of the estimated fault displacement determines the displacement and its location. This vector field can be used for auto-determination of fault-related layers displacement. As a result, automatic horizon picking in the presence of such faults is possible, thereby simplifying the mapping of sedimentary layers.
Characterization of a heterogeneous carbonate reservoir by integrating electrofacies and hydraulic flow units: a case study of Kangan gas field, Zagros basin
Authors: Karimian Torghabeh Amir , Qajar Jafar , Dehghan Abnavi Ali
Published: September 2022

Reservoir characterization is one of the key stages in oil and gas exploration, appraisal, development, and optimal production. During the exploration phase, core analysis and well logging are basic information obtained after the pay zone identification. This study aims to integrate the concept of electrofacies (EFs) with hydraulic flow units (HFUs) to effectively characterize Permo–Triassic carbonate formations at the Kangan giant gas field in southwestern Iran. For this purpose, well log data collected from 10 drilled wellbores and 490 core data have been analyzed based on similar clusters and statistical features in which rock-type approaches were used in order to integrate petrophysical data with facies. In particular, we used a multi-resolution graph-based clustering (MRGC) method to determine EFs and the probability plot method, histogram analysis, and the plot of reservoir quality index versus the normalized porosity to identify HFUs. Based on the data, five electrofacies and six HFUs were identified. To establish a good connection between the electrofacies and the pay zones, we analyzed wells’ cross sections to compare lithology, production potential in each zone, rock type, and amount of shale and eventually to adapt facies to flow units and determine the best quality reservoir zone. The main difference between this work and other studies in the literature is adopting a systematic approach based on integrating the geology (via EFs analysis) and engineering examination (via HFUs) to accurately characterize the hydrocarbon-bearing formations. The results of this study help in rapid and cost-effective carbonate reservoir characterization by combining electrofacies clustering and HFU analysis based on core and log data, which are available and routine information in all oil/gas fields. This, in turn, assists in developing the field, using more appropriate production and EOR scenarios, and even locating proper perforation sites.
Influence of vehicle traffic on modal-based bridge monitoring
Authors: Kohm Mareike , Stempniewski Lothar , Stark Alexander
Published: September 2022

In recent years, there has been a surge of interest in modal-based monitoring systems, especially for bridge structures, to detect damage at an early stage and to extend the life of existing bridges as well as to minimize maintenance costs. The modal parameters, natural frequencies and mode shapes, depend on stiffness and mass of a structure. For an economic application of a modal-based monitoring system, the estimation of the modal parameters based on the Operational Modal Analysis needs to be estimated. The Operational Modal Analysis uses the naturally existing vibration sources, such as wind and traffic, to estimate the modal parameters. A significant advantage is therefore that the bridges do not have to be closed to traffic. In this context, the modal parameters are influenced by the vehicle traffic due to the associated temporally and spatially variable mass, stiffness and damping properties of the overall system. In this paper, the influence of those operational loads and road roughness on the modal parameter estimation is numerically investigated. The vehicles are modeled as half-vehicle models. In addition, the influence of vehicle traffic is shown using in situ measurements on an existing bridge. A high sensitivity of the natural frequencies to operational loads can be shown, so that they are not reliable damage identification parameters. In contrast, the mode shapes exhibit small amplitude scatter due to the operating loads if the excitation frequency is not in the range of the natural frequency of the bridge. This is very unlikely, especially for bridges under vehicle traffic, due to the variety of vehicle designs and thus the broadband excitation.
In search of the relationship between the rye polyamine oxidase (PAO) gene and resistance to powdery mildew (PM)
Authors: Milczarski Paweł , Góralska Magdalena , Pałatyńska Kinga , Wysoczański Bartłomiej , Czyczyło-Mysza Ilona , Maghuly Fatemeh , Myśków Beata
Published: September 2022

Powdery mildew (PM), a common cereal disease in cultivated areas, including Europe and other temperate regions, is caused by the fungus Blumeria graminis. While PM is one of the most important wheat leaf diseases globally, rye is highly tolerant to PM. It has been reported that in barley infected with PM, polyamine oxidase (PAO) activity related to the production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has increased, which may promote defense against biotrophic or hemibiotrophic pathogens. The current study aimed to assess the relationship between the segregation of the polymorphic marker for rye PAO (ScPAO) and the level of PM infection in plants. The genetic mapping in two interline populations shows that ScPAO is located on chromosome 7R. Further analysis comparing ScPAO location to mapped wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) PAO duplicates suggests the ScPAO homology with TaPAO6 or TaPAO7. A possible association of ScPAO from 7R with PM resistance is demonstrated in the recombinant inbred lines (RIL)-L population phenotyped for PM infection. Finally, three novel QTLs for PM resistance on the 7R chromosome of rye are detected.
What needs to happen for school autonomy to be mobilised to create more equitable public schools and systems of education?
Authors: Keddie Amanda , MacDonald Katrina , Blackmore Jill , Boyask Ruth , Fitzgerald Scott , Gavin Mihajla , Heffernan Amanda , Hursh David , McGrath-Champ Susan , Møller Jorunn , O’Neill John , Parding Karolina , Salokangas Maija , Skerritt Craig , Stacey Meghan , Thomson Pat , Wilkins Andrew , Wilson Rachel , Wylie Cathy , Yoon Ee-Seul
Published: September 2022

The series of responses in this article were gathered as part of an online mini conference held in September 2021 that sought to explore different ideas and articulations of school autonomy reform across the world (Australia, Canada, England, Ireland, the USA, Norway, Sweden and New Zealand). It centred upon an important question: what needs to happen for school autonomy to be mobilised to create more equitable public schools and systems of education? There was consensus across the group that school autonomy reform creates further inequities at school and system levels when driven by the logics of marketisation, competition, economic efficiency and public accountability. Against the backdrop of these themes, the conference generated discussion and debate where provocations and points of agreement and disagreement about issues of social justice and the mobilisation of school autonomy reform were raised. As an important output of this discussion, we asked participants to write a short response to the guiding conference question. The following are these responses which range from philosophical considerations, systems and governance perspectives, national particularities and teacher and principal perspectives.
Baire category results for stochastic orders
Authors: Durante Fabrizio , Fernández-Sánchez Juan , Ignazzi Claudio
Published: September 2022

In the sense of Baire categories, we prove that the elements of a typical pair of univariate distribution functions (defined on a bounded subset of$${\mathbb {R}}$$R) cannot be compared in the sense of the usual stochastic order, the increasing convex order and the mean residual lifetime order. A similar result is also proved in the class of copulas, i.e. multivariate distribution functions with standard uniform marginals, equipped with the orthant order.
Evaluation of the Applicability of Computer-Aided Porosity Testing Methods for Different Pore Structures
Authors: Kazup Ágota , Fegyverneki György , Gácsi Zoltán
Published: September 2022

Porosity plays an important role in the properties of powder metallurgy products and castings. Nowadays, there are several methods for determining porosity: optical microscopy, computed tomography, and density measurement according to Archimedes’ principle. The aim of this study is to present the advantages and disadvantages of different porosity testing methods and the relationships between the results. With conventional metallographic methods, only two-dimensional information about pores is obtained. The accuracy of a three-dimensional CT examination is significantly affected by the resolution, the quality of the image, and the evaluation process. The porosities of aluminum (AlSi7MgCu0.5) reduced pressure test samples with different densities were determined on 3D x-ray images with the evaluation software VGStudio MAX 3.3 and on 2D section x-ray images and the optical microscope images with the image analysis software ImageJ. The effect of morphological transformation of 3D images and the role of the region of interest volume and area under examination are also discussed.
Mediterranean Diet and Obesity-related Disorders: What is the Evidence?
Authors: Muscogiuri Giovanna , Verde Ludovica , Sulu Cem , Katsiki Niki , Hassapidou Maria , Frias-Toral Evelyn , Cucalón Gabriela , Pazderska Agnieszka , Yumuk Volkan Demirhan , Colao Annamaria , Barrea Luigi
Published: September 2022

Purpose of Review

Obesity is a chronic disease, a major public health problem due to its association with non-communicable diseases and all-cause mortality. Indeed, people with obesity are at increased risk for a variety of obesity-related disorders including hypertension, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and several cancers. Many popular diets with very different macronutrient composition, including the Mediterranean diet (MD), have been used, proposed, and studied for prevention and management of obesity. In particular, MD has been the subject of countless studies over the years and now boasts a large body of scientific literature. In this review, we aimed to update current knowledge by summarizing the most recent evidence on the effect of MD on obesity and obesity-related disorders.

Recent Findings

The negative effects of obesity are partly reversed by substantial weight loss that can be achieved with MD, especially when low-calorie and in combination with adequate physical activity. In addition, the composition of MD has been correlated with an excellent effect on reducing dyslipidemia. It also positively modulates the gut microbiota and immune system, significantly decreasing inflammatory mediators, a common ground for many obesity-related disorders.

Summary

People with obesity are at increased risk for a variety of medical disorders including hypertension, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, there is an inevitable need for measures to manage obesity and its related disorders. At this point, MD has been proposed as a valuable nutritional intervention. It is characterized by a high consumption of vegetables, fruit, nuts, cereals, whole grains, and extra virgin olive oil, as well as a moderate consumption of fish and poultry, and a limited intake of sweets, red meat, and dairy products. MD proves to be the healthiest dietary pattern available to tackle obesity and prevent several non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.