bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non-Violence Movement: Gerakan Masyarakat Laman Kinipan Mempertahankan Hutan Adat
Authors: Genny Pranawa Gabriella , Hamid Ismar
Published: October 2023

Ekspansi perusahaan perkebunan kelapa sawit di Laman Kinipan menyebabkan terjadinya konflik agaria dan perlawanan masyarakat mempertahankan hutan adatnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali dan menganalisis nilai-nilai yang diimplementasikan dalam pengelolaan hutan adat dan sifat gerakan masyarakat dalam mempertahankan hutan hutan adat oleh masyarakat Laman Kinipan. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif, dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei – Juli 2022, bertempat di Laman Kinipan, Kecamatan Batang Kawa, Kabupaten Lamandau, Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi partisipan, wawancara mendalam dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan model interaktif Miles dan Huberman, yang terdiri dari reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan/verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perjuangan yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat adat Laman Kinipan merupakan bentuk perjuangan atas hak-hak adatnya yang memiliki keterkaitan erat dengan isu pengelolaan lingkungan berkelanjutan. Masyarakat adat laman Kinipan memiliki nilai-nilai perlindungan hutan adat yang bersumber dari hubungan yang erat antara hutan dengan aktivitas kehidupan sehari-hari masyarakat yang selaras dengan tata kelola alam yang berkelanjutan. Gerakan yang dibangun oleh masyarakat Laman Kinipan dalam mempertahankan hutan adatnya dari ekspansi perkebunan kelapa sawit merupakan upaya mempertahankan nilai-nilai perlindungan hutan dan keberlanjutan hidup masyarakat Laman Kinipan. Pengakuan dan penetapan Hutan Adat Laman Kinipan dan Masyarakat Laman Kinipan sebagai Masyarakat Hukum Adat merupakan solusi yang penting diwujudkan untuk penyelesaian konflik agraria di Laman Kinipan.
Perilaku Antroposentrisme Masyarakat Terhadap Lingkungan Sungai di Desa Lupak Dalam Kecamatan Kapuas Kuala Kabupaten Kapuas
Authors: Yanti Ida , Hamid Ismar
Published: October 2023

Pencemaran lingkungan sungai sudah menjadi masalah serius yang disebabkan perilaku antroposentrisme manusia yang mengabaikan kelestarian sungai sebagai sumber kehidupan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan fungsi sosial sungai dan berbagai perilaku antroposentrisme pada masyarakat yang berdampak pada perubahan kondisi lingkungan sungai. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Lupak Dalam Kecamatan Kapuas Kuala Kabupaten Kapuas. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan jenis penelitian fenomenologi. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi partisipan, wawancara mendalam dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat Desa Lupak Dalam memiliki hubungan yang sangat erat dengan sungai, tercermin dari berbagai aktivitas masyarakat yang tidak luput dari sungai, mulai dari aktifitas sehari-hari, menjalankan tradisi, hingga kegiatan sosial ekonomi. Perilaku Antroposentrisme masyarakat Desa Lupak Dalam terklasifikasi sebagai berikut: 1) the cornouopia view of nature, dalam wujud: a) masyarakat yang rumahnya di bantaran sungai langsung membuang sampah ke sungai dengan alasan sampah akan hilang dengan sendirinya mengikuti arus sungai; b) menyemprot sawah dengan pestisida untuk menghilangkan hama pada saat air pasang dengan alasan air bekas pestisida mengalir ke sungai maka zat bahayanya sudah tidak berfungsi; c) penggunaan jamban yang menyatu dengan batang digunakan untuk mandi dan mencuci mengakibatkan air tercemar kotoran; 2) individualism, dalam wujud penangkapan ikan menggunakan potas dan bom ikan; 3) faith in technology, dalam wujud pembuangan sisa bahan bakar solar dan oli ke sungai; dan, 4) grow ethic, yaitu pemikiran yang terus ingin maju seperti mempunyai kapal mengikuti perkembangan moderinisasi yang kemudian menimbulkan limbah yang terbuang ke sungai.
Tindakan Sosial Masyarakat Dalam Pemenuhan Air Bersih Pada Daerah Kekeringan di Dusun Tlogopule Kabupaten Tuban
Authors: Mulyono Joko , Priantika Dinda Margesta
Published: October 2023

The limitations of water sources and continuous water services are the problems of water crises that occur year after year in areas prone to drought. In the face of this condition, people take various actions to fulfill clean water used for daily necessities. The location of this study is in Tlogopule Hamlet, Prunggahan Kulon Village, Semanding District, Tuban Regency. This study used a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. The study used Max Weber's theory of Social Action, in which actions were performed based on specific reasons and goals to be achieved. In this study, we used three theories out of four proposed by Max Weber. Got that result; 1. The act of Instrumental Rationality is carried out by buying clean water, looking for water in wells, washing at neighboring village water sources and subscribing to water at neighboring village HIPPAM; 2. Value measures by performing the act of receiving clean water aid and water subscription fees with neighbors; 3. Traditional actions by making talang and jeding (waterproofing) to hold rainwater. The water crisis that continues to occur, especially during the dry season, has led the public to the understanding that drought is a common disaster. Drought has brought the community's customs of working together to survive and coexist with drought.
Laut yang Tak (Lagi) Bersahabat: Adaptasi Nelayan Terhadap Perubahan Iklim di Desa Rampa Kabupaten Kotabaru
Authors: Ansara Aldi , Hamid Ismar
Published: October 2023

Fishermen in Rampa Village Kotabaru District are faced with serious problems in conducting fishing activities due to climate change. This study aims to describe the existence of local wisdom and forms of adaptation of fishermen in dealing with climate change. This study uses a qualitative approach to the type of phenomenological research. Data collection techniques using participant observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique uses the interactive model's Miles and Huberman, which consists of data reduction, data display, and conclusion/verification. The results show that the local knowledge of fishermen from Rampa Village that had existed for a long time was still being used, even though in some aspects it had been made adaptation to faced changes in environmental conditions due to climate change. The form of adaptation is that fishermen no longer go to sea based on the seasonal calendar but based on the latest weather conditions. Fishing equipment used it has changed as a form of technological adaptation in faced climate change. The form of adaptation is that all fishing boats are equipped with engines to be more adaptive to sea conditions that can change suddenly, for example storms that come without being accompanied by natural signs which are usually a source of information for fishermen. In carrying out fishing activities, some fishermen already use a modern navigation system (GPS), which also functions to track fish spots in the sea. This means that the traditional fishing system is no longer effective. In terms of intensity, previously fishermen did not go to sea only on certain days (holidays and the likes). Currently, fishermen may not go to sea for a long time due to weather conditions that do not support fishing activities. This has an effect on the socio-economic life of the community, namely that people's income becomes erratic.
Framing Media Online Terhadap Puan Maharani Sebagai Bakal Calon Presiden Dalam Pemilihan Presiden 2024
Authors: Balya Muhammad , Damaiyanti Varinia Pura
Published: October 2023

Puan Maharani is often in the media spotlight and public perception of her is influenced by positive or negative online media coverage, depending on the political interests and public perception of her policies or actions. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of online media in shaping public perception of Puan Maharani, especially in the context of the 2024 presidential election. The research used a descriptive qualitative approach by applying the framing analysis model of Pan and Kosicki and data collection techniques from four online media (two national and two regional) during the period of November 1st to December 31st, 2022. The results of the analysis show a tendency of positive framing towards Puan Maharani. However, there are differences in the way positive narratives are built between two regional online media and national online media. Two regional online media tend to use exaggerated narratives such as hyperbole sentences in building positive narratives about Puan Maharani, while national online media are more varied in framing and minimize excessive rhetoric in building narratives about Puan Maharani. Despite the political interests of online media in creating news, national online media appears to be more objective in providing information about Puan Maharani. Online media has a significant influence in shaping public perception of Puan Maharani, especially in the politics of the 2024 presidential election. Positive framing may provide advantages, while framing that is diverse and minimizes excessive rhetoric tends to be more objective.
Information Theory of Gravity
Authors: Abanto Jeffrey Alloy
Published: October 2023

A new model of gravity is presented here similar to the earlier work of Verlinde on Emergent Gravity but without the use of Verlinde's main assumption on the nature of gravity as an entropic force using the First Law of Thermodynamics. Instead, the model will be shown to be consistent with the Second Law of Thermodynamics as used in Black Hole Physics. Moreover, it does not use the Equipartition Theorem such that there is no need to define a thermal bath enclosed within a holographic screen. The theory uses $E=NE_{p}$, for the total energy of a massive object where $E_{p}$ is the Planck Energy while $N$ is the number of Planck Energy to represent the maximum possible density of information that can reside in matter. The theory uses also the Holographic Principle as the basis for an information-theoretic approach to the nature of gravity. It is shown here that gravity emerges whenever there is an updating of the information within a given volume of space by the presence of matter.
Temporal and Spatial Changes of Agriculture Green Development in Beijing Ecological Conservation Developing Areas from 2006 to 2016
Authors: Li Hong , Zhang Weiwei , Xiao Xiao , Lun Fei , Sun Yifu , Sun Na
Published: October 2023

As an irreplaceable ecological barrier, the ecological conservation developing area (ECDA) is vital for the integrated construction of urban and rural areas, and optimization and adjustment of industrial structure. Developing green agriculture is the foundation and guarantee for improving the rural ecological environment and meeting the increasing needs of farmers′ income. Issued by the Chinese government, No. 1 Central Document stated the necessity of promoting agricultural green development (AGD) and the related technologies in dealing with ecological pressure and resource shortages, especially for large cities like Beijing. However, few empirical studies have conducted on spatiotemporal variations of AGD in ECDA of large cities. Based on the green agricultural traits of Beijing and the accessible data, we evaluate AGD and analyze its spatial and temporal heterogeneity of Beijing ECDA by constructiing a framework with 13 indicators. The weight coefficients of AGD indicators were calculated by the projection pursuit method, with the district panel data from 2006 to 2016. The results demonstrated that energy consumption is a vital factor of green agriculture production, and agricultural output value per unit of the arable land area is the key to the green agricultural revenue. From 2006 to 2016, the AGD index of ECDA had an increasing trend till 2012, followed by a decreasing tendency. The AGD index of the northern region is higher than the southern of ECDA. The obstacle degree model was used to verify AGD limiting factors. They were poor infrastructure, slow agritourism, low labor productivity, and low resource utilization efficiency that varied by districts in ECDA. Given these findings, our study is conducive to the AGD evaluation at the district (county) level for ECDA of large cities and also provides important policy implications.
Information Security Applications in Smart Cities: A Bibliometric Analysis of Emerging Research
Authors: Poleto Thiago , Nepomuceno Thyago Celso Cavalcante , De Carvalho Victor Diogho Heuer , Friaes Ligiane Cristina Braga de Oliveira , De Oliveira Rodrigo Cleiton Paiva , Figueiredo Ciro José Jardim
Published: October 2023

This paper aims to analyze the intellectual structure and research fronts in application information security in smart cities to identify research boundaries, trends, and new opportunities in the area. It applies bibliometric analyses to identify the main authors and their influences on the information security and smart city area. Moreover, this analysis focuses on journals indexed in Scopus databases. The results indicate that there is an opportunity for further advances in the adoption of information security policies in government institutions. Moreover, the production indicators presented herein are useful for the planning and implementation of information security policies, and the knowledge of the scientific community about smart cities. The bibliometric analysis provides support for the visualization of the leading research technical collaboration networks among authors, co-authors, countries, and research areas. The methodology offers a broader view of the application information security in smarty city areas and makes it possible to assist new research that may contribute to further advances. The smart city topic has been receiving much attention in recent years, but to the best of our knowledge, there is no research on reporting new possibilities for advances. Therefore, this article may contribute to an emerging body of literature that explores the nature of application information security and smart city research productivity to assist researchers in better understanding the current emerging of the area.
A Review for Advanced Cutaneous Melanoma Therapies and Their Mechanisms, from Immunotherapies to Lysine Histone Methyl Transferase Inhibitors
Authors: Filho Renato SO , Oliveira Daniel A , Nisimoto Melissa M , Marti Luciana C
Published: October 2023

Advanced cutaneous melanoma is considered the most aggressive type of skin cancer with variable rates of treatment response. Nowadays, there are available some classes of immunotherapy and target therapy for its treatment. Immunotherapy can inhibit tumor growth and its recurrence by triggering host's immune system, while targeted therapy acts inhibiting specific molecules or signaling pathways. However, melanoma response to these treatments are highly heterogenous, and frequently become resistant.
Epigenome (DNA/histone modification) contribute to cancer initiation and progression. Epigenetic alterations are divided into four levels of gene expression regulation: DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling and non-coding RNAs regulation. The deregulation of lysine methyltransferase enzymes is associated with tumor initiation, invasion, development of metastases, changes in immune microenvironment and drug resistance.
The study of lysine histone methyltransferase (KMT) inhibitors is important to cancer epigenetic mechanisms understanding and to biological processes. In addition to immunotherapy and target therapy, the research and development of KMT inhibitors is ongoing. Many studies are exploring the therapeutic implications and possible side effects of these compounds, besides their adjuvant potential to the approved current therapies. Importantly, as with any drug development, safety, efficacy, and specificity are crucial considerations when developing KMT inhibitors for clinical applications.
Wavelet Analysis for Image Denoising: A Multiscale Approach for Enhancing Visual Clarity
Authors: Wu Meng
Published: October 2023

This paper explores the application of wavelet analysis, a multiscale approach for enhancing visual clarity, in the context of image denoising, which reduces the impact of noisy pixels, caused by various factors such as electronic sensor limitations, low-light conditions, or transmission errors in digital imaging systems. This paper introduces some common noise types like Gaussian noise and processes of image denoising, eliciting the strength of wavelet analysis. As a powerful image denoising technology, wavelet analysis needs five steps to process the image, and the key step is thresholding. There are many kinds of wavelet, and each wavelet has different advantages and functions, which makes it suitable for different applications. Hence, wavelet analysis also makes a contribution in various fields beyond signal processing and data analysis, such as Biomedical Imaging and Geophysics and Seismology, where preserving image quality is essential for accurate analysis and interpretation. In short, this research highlights the promise of wavelet analysis, emphasizing the use of high- quality image data.
URINE MICROFLORA PROPERTIES OF HOSPITALIZED LONG-LIVERS IN MARI EL REPUBLIC POPULATION
Authors:   Medical institute of Mari State University, WEISS HASSAN AMIRA M. , NASYBULLINA ADELYA A. ,   Medical institute of Mari State University, PASYNKOVA OLGA O. ,   Medical institute of Mari State University, KRASILNIKOV ALEXEI V. ,   Republican Veteran’s Clinical Hospital, Yoshkar-Ola
Published: October 2023

Introduction. Nowadays the presence of bacteria in the urine is considered to be the normal condition, that became the foundation of the urinal microflora conception. The characteristics of the urine microflora depend on the region and general health of the population and may change in time. Aim. Our goal was to assess the characteristics of urinary microbiota among hospitalized long livers in comparison to the people of younger age groups living in Mari El Republic. Materials and methods. We used the standard bacteriological analysis of midstream free voiding urine and disc diffusion method. Statistical analysis was performed with the help of chi-square criteria. Totally, 720 hospitalized (during 2011-2018 years in Yoshkar-Ola hospital) patients were included into the analysis. Patients were divided into the three age groups: young (18-59 years old), elderly (60-89 years old), long-livers (90+ years old). Results and discussion. Probability of bacteria detection in the urine varied in the range 56,4% - 86,9% without difference between elderly and long-livers, however elderly and long-livers had significantly higher risk of bacteria detection in the urine compared to the young age group. In female long-livers we found only gram-negative bacteria, therefore the rate of gram-positive bacteria in the urine was significantly lower compared to the young age group (p=0,03). Males had stable rate of gram-positive bacteria in all three age groups. Escherichia coli (56,8%) was the most common potentially pathogenic bacteria found in the urine. The resistance rate to aminoglycosides among all bacteria was 13%, to fluorquinolones — 33,5%. Escherichia coli resistance to aminoglycosides was 9,6%, to fluorquinolones — 29,4%. Conclusion. Long-livers and elderly patients are characterized by the similar probability of bacteria detection in urine. Urine microflora of female long-livers contains no gram-positive bacteria. The prevalence of gram-positive bacteria in male long-livers was stable. Fluoroquinolones are not the drugs of choice for urine infection empiric therapy in our hospital due to the increased rate of resistance over the 10%. In contrast, aminoglycosides may be considered as a first-line empiric therapy. We found no increase of resistance rate among the long livers compared to the patients of younger age groups.
THE USE OF QUESTIONNAIRES FOR DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS, DETERMINATION OF STRESS TOLERANCE AND SOCIAL ADAPTATION AS PART OF AN INTEGRATED APPROACH OF TREATMENT AND REHABILITATION OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS OFFICERS WHO HAVE BEEN EXPOSED TO A NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION COVID-19
Authors:   Federal Medical Unit of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in the Amur region, NESTERENKO ANNA B. , BOGATYREV VICTOR E. ,   Federal Medical Unit of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in the Amur region, VASILEVA YULIA A. ,   Federal Medical Unit of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in the Amur region, KRASNOPEROVA OLGA I. ,   Federal Medical Unit of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in the Amur region, LUKASHEVICH RADMILA A. ,   Federal Medical Unit of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in the Amur region
Published: October 2023

Introduction. Psychoemotional disorders arising against the background of general somatic diseases, and often being their root cause, undoubtedly affect not only the prognosis and dynamics of somatic pathology, but also the quality of life of the individual as a whole. Aim. The aim of the work was to assess the extent of stress load, identify premorbid deviations of the psycho-emotional state, as well as the presence of signs of borderline mental disorders in order to use the results in the planning and implementation of psychocorrective (psychotherapeutic) interventions. Material and methods. A study of the psycho-emotional state of 98 employees of internal affairs bodies who were admitted for treatment to the therapeutic department of the hospital of Federal Medical Unit of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in the Amur region was carried out. 46 of those examined tested positive for COVID-19. Results and discussion. A comparative analysis of the frequency of occurrence of deviations in the psycho-emotional state in patients who underwent COVID-19 and patients who did not have a new coronavirus infection did not reveal statistically significant differences. Conclusion. It was concluded that the approach of continuous psychological testing of patients entering hospitalization helps to quickly identify a contingent with signs of comorbid pathology (simultaneous coexistence of somatic diseases and psycho-emotional disorders), which in turn makes it possible to plan and implement psycho- correctional measures in a timely manner.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF HYPERCHOLESTRINEMIA AND HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA IN THE AZERBAIJAN POPULATION
Authors:   Azerbaijan Medical University, HAJIEVA YAGUT HAJI ALI
Published: October 2023

Introduction. According to modern concepts, dyslipidemia with an increase in the amount of cholesterol and triglycerides in the body is the main factor in the development of atherosclerosis and, accordingly, associated cardiovascular diseases. In this regard, population-based studies to identify the prevalence of dyslipidemia (hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia) among certain population groups are of great importance. Aim. Evaluation of the role of the interdependent spread of hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia among the population of the Republic of Azerbaijan in the development of cardiovascular diseases associated with dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis. Material and methods. Detection of cholesterol levels in the blood was carried out among 2013 randomly selected residents of the general population (of which 887 men and 1126 women) who participated in the study. After appropriate explanations and on a voluntary basis, blood was taken from the respondents for the study of cholesterol levels. Blood analysis was performed on site using a portable biochemical analyzer to quantify glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and lactate in capillary blood. All parameters and data were collected in an Excel spreadsheet and then transferred for processing using the IBM SPSS-20 program. Results and discussion. Hypercholesterolemia was detected in 1583 (78.6±0.9%) of 2013 people who took part in the survey. Of the 1583 identified cases of hypercholesterolemia, 1015 cases were accompanied by cardiovascular diseases, arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Of the 679 identified cases of hypertriglyceridemia, 589 (86.7±1.3%; t=7.12; p<0.001) had hypertriglyceridemia in combination with cardiovascular diseases, arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Although hypertriglyceridemia was detected 2 times less often than hypercholesterolemia, its association with the formation of cardiovascular diseases, arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus was significantly higher. Conclusion. HChS and HTG are involved in the formation of both mono- and combined diseases independently of each other, but in most cases combined diseases are formed with their joint participation.
Kelayakan Body Scrub Kopi dan Beras untuk Kecerahan Kulit
Authors: Luthfitashalsabilla  , Siska Miga Dewi  , Siska Miga Dewi
Published: October 2023

The skin describes one of the organs that has an important role, therefore it is always good to treat and maintain healthy skin. Types of skin care activities according to each person's skin type. Body scrub is a body treatment using scrubs, there are several types of body scrubs such as coffee and rice. The type of research being conducted was a quantitative descriptive study which aimed to find out how to make a coffee and rice body scrub for skin lightening. This study was used to test the content of Vitamin B1 contained in coffee and rice body scrubs and to determine the quality of the texture, aroma, stickiness, and level of preference of the panelists. Based on the results of research that has been done about the feasibility of coffee and rice body scrubs, they are suitable for body care for skin brightness.
Pengembangan Media Video Pembelajaran Rias Fantasi di Jurusan Tata Kecantikan SMK Negeri 6 Padang
Authors: Delanda Meisy Saskia , Hayatunnufus
Published: October 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan media video pembelajaran dan mengetahui tingkat kevalidan, kepraktisan dan keefektifitasan media video pembelajaran pada mata pelajaran rias fantasi dengan berbagai tema di SMK Negeri 6 Padang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan dengan menggunakan langkah 4-D. Populasi penelitian adalah peserta didik kelas X KCII tata kecantikan SMK Negeri 6 Padang tahun ajaran 2022/2023 yang berjumlah 36 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket. Teknik analisis data dengan menghitung skor penilaian video dari angket yang diberikan dan dikategorikan sesuai dengan analisis data menggunakan uji t. Perolehan hasil penelitian ini adalah video telah dikembangkan dengan model pengembangan 4-D, hasil validitas video oleh ahli media 0.90  dan validitas materi diperoleh nilai 0.92 dengan valid, hasil uji praktikalitas video dari respon guru memperoleh nilai 97% dengan kategori sangat praktis dan dari respon peserta didik mendapatkan nilai 80.91% dengan kategori sangat praktis, hasil uji efektivitas diperoleh hasil pre-test 38,88% dan post-test diperoleh hasil 91,66% dengan kategori efektif video di gunakan di SMK Negeri 6 Kota Padang. Dari perolehan hasil tersebut, maka video telah layak, praktis dan efektif untuk digunakan sebagai bahan ajar dikelas.
Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Siswa SMK Negeri 3 Kota Padang Terhadap Dampak Penggunaan Krim Pemutih Berbahaya
Authors: Adinda Dwilarani  , Savira Zanni Dzikra  , Siska Miga Dewi
Published: October 2023

Kosmetik pemutih adalah kosmetik yang mengandung bahan aktif pemutih yang bertujuan untuk mencerahkan kulit atau memutihkan kulit. Kosmetik pemutih yang berbahaya membuat kulit wajah mengelupas dan tipis sehingga kulit menjadi lebih sensitif. Kebanyakan orang dipengaruhi untuk membeli produk kosmetik, terutama pemutih wajah yang tidak terdaftar di BPOM (ilegal) karena produknya mudah didapat dan penasaran dengan jenis produk yang akan digunakan. Maraknya kosmetik pemutih ini tidak sedikit dari para siswa yang telah menggunakan kosmetik ini untuk mendapatkan hasil yang lebih baik. Berdasarkan permasalahan penelitian di atas, peneliti bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran umum, melihat, mengumpulkan pendapat dan mengungkapkan bagaimana Pengetahuan dan Sikap Siswa SMK Negeri 3 Kota Padang terhadap Whitening Cream Berbahaya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengisi kuesioner data. Waktu penelitian adalah Maret hingga Juni. Mayoritas responden memiliki pengetahuan yang buruk karena kurangnya mencari informasi terkait kosmetik pemutih berbahaya. Mahasiswa dan konsumen diharapkan berhati-hati dalam memilih produk perawatan wajah seperti krim pemutih, memilih produk yang tidak mengandung bahan berbahaya.
A Study on the Mediating Effect of People’s Perception of Disorder in the Relationship between Perception of CPTED and Fear of Crime: A Multi-Group Analysis by Gender
Authors:   Korean Association of Public Safety and Criminal Justice, Jeon Jun Ha , Choi Eung-Ryul
Published: October 2023

This study aims to verify the mediating effect of disorder perception in the relationship between citizens' perception of CPTED and fear of crime in 539 citizens living in Seoul. Specifically, in this study, the concept about perception of CPTED was operationalized into territoriality, surveillance, and activity support, and the effect of these variables on crime fear was individually verified. And based on previous studies related to differences in fear of crime according to gender, the relationship between perception of CPTED, disorder perception, and fear of crime was more clearly verified through multi-group analysis of two groups, men and women.
First, in the case of men, activity support completely mediated perception of disorder, statistically significantly predicting reduction in general and specific fear of crime. In addition, in the case of women, it was found that perception of disorder completely mediated the relationship between activity support and general fear of crime. Second, in the case of women, the partial mediating effect of perception of disorder has been verified in the relationship between surveillance and general, specific fear of crime. Third, in the case of women, territoriality completely mediated perception of disorder, statistically significantly explaining the reduction in specific fear of crime.
In this study, the relationship between CPTED perception, disorder perception, and fear of crime was verified in detail and accurately by dividing the sample based on gender. Also based on the results, empirical evidence was presented that activation of CPTED policies could reduce fear of crime among citizens. In addition, this study is significant in that it presents policy suggestions for the CPTED project, which is currently being used in various directions, based on these grounds.
Multi-Product Quantity Discount
Authors: Liu Zuofeng
Published: October 2023

For products with different quantity discount strategies, sellers need to manually unify their quantity discount strategies for offering multi-product quantity discounts. Is it possible to develop an algorithm to automatically and efficiently provide reasonable quantity discounts for any product combinations while keeping each product’s personal-ized quantity discount strategy? This is the objective achieved via a brand-new approach in this paper. By analyzing the logic behind tra-ditional quantity discounts, I find the method to achieve the goal of this paper and use the rigorous mathematical method to develop a multi-product quantity discount algorithm that supports both contin-uous mode and discrete mode. As far as the relations of products’ quantities and prices are concerned, the new algorithm can accurately coordinate the benefits of buyers and sellers. As a result, it can be widely used in various fields where the relations of all parties’ benefits can be mapped to the relations of products’ quantities and prices.
Olfactory Impairment in Parkinson's Disease:Olfactory Impairment in Parkinson's Disease:
Its Frequency and Correlation to Clinical severity in Sudanese
Patients,Wad-Medani Teaching Hospital, 2022
Authors: Daoud Mahmoud Hussien Salih , Shama Ejlal Ahmed Ebrahim Abu , Mukhtar Wail Nuri Osman , Elsayed Muaz Abdellatif Mohammed , Ali Khalid Mohammed , Elamin Abubakr Elmotesim Abdulla
Published: October 2023

Background: The olfactory impairment is the most common non-motor symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD) . It may predate the onset of Parkinson's disease by several years and it is one of the supportive criteria for the diagnosis. It's presence is also related to rapid disease progression and more pronounced impairment of Motor symptoms.
Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of olfactory impairment in patients with Idiopathic Parkinson's disease and it's correlation to the clinical severity of the disease.
Methods: This is a cross sectional hospital based study, carried out at Wad-Medani Teaching Hospital at the Neurology Department over a period of four months; from March to July 2022. Data was collected using a validated version of olfactory questionnaire and Hoehn and yahr scale , our study covered all PD patients who were fitting the inclusion criteria. Data was processed and analyzed using SPSS version 25.
Results: The study included 61 patients, males were 32 (52.46 %) and females were 29(47.54%). The mean age of patients was 63.8 +/- 12.3 SD, about 76% of them had been diagnosed within less than 5 years. Most patients 48 (78. 7 %) were normosmic and only 13 (21.3%) had hyposmia ranging from mild to Severe form. Male patients had higher Frequency of anosmia 9 cases (69.3 %) compared to females (30.7%), the P value was (0.012) statistically significant for sex difference in olfactory dysfunction . The highest number of cases 24 (39.3%) were in stage 3 of Hoehn and yahr (H & Y) scale. There is statistically significant correlation between the scale and the degree of hyposmia (P value <0.013). The study also showed that in near half (45.5%) of hyposmia patients the olfactory impairment had antedated the Parkinsonism by mean of 4.8 +/- 1.6 years.
Conclusion: The study concluded that the olfactory impairment presents in about one fifth of Parkinson's disease patients, with male predominance and was associated with more severe impairment in motor performance scales. It also predates PD in about half of the patients by mean of 4.8 years.
Unravelling the Social and Economic Consequences of Climate Change on Sustainable Livelihoods on Coastal Communities in South Africa
Authors: Adom Richard Kwame , Simatele Mulala Danny , Das Dillip Kmar
Published: October 2023

Coastal regions are vital to numerous local economies and the national development of countries globally, including South Africa, due to their significant contributions to job creation, marine transportation, offshore drilling, resource extraction, fish cultivation, recreation and tourism. Despite these contributions to the coastal regions, the coastal communities are threatened by climate change in the form of sea level rise, floods, pollution, coastal erosion, changes to shorelines, extensive damage to critical infrastructure and destruction of coastal livelihoods. While these threats are increasingly hard to overlook, many governments and local administrators, including South Africa, have yet to prepare or implement strategies to meet these menaces adequately. Using mixed method approach of qualitative and quantitative, and extensive literature reviews, this paper explores the consequences of climate change on coastal livelihoods in South Africa. Our findings established that the country's coastal areas are under severe threats with high risks of submergence of floods, saltwater intrusion into surface and groundwater, increased erosion and overwhelmingly negative social and economic repercussions. This paper recommends a higher sense of urgency in addressing climate change threats and a much stronger implementation framework in climate change governance in the country, especially in the coastal zones.
Increased occupational exposure to physical stress in wild-type transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy – a potential disease promoting mechanism?
Authors: Klarskov Valentin Rosenkrans , Ladefoged Bertil Thyrsted , Pedersen Anders Lehmann Dahl , Hartig-Andreasen Charlotte , Poulsen Steen Hvitfeldt
Published: October 2023

Background
The cause of wild-type transthyretin amyloidosis cardiomyopathy (ATTRwt) remains unknown, with mechanical stress being hypothesized as a potential mechanism. No study has investigated the potential impact of occupational physical exposure on ATTRwt development.
Methods
We enrolled 100 participants, including 50 ATTRwt patients with prior carpal tunnel syndrome surgery (CTS), 25 ATTRwt patients without CTS, and 25 age- and gender-matched stable heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) as controls. We evaluated self-reported physical work exposure, Danish occupation classification (DISCO-88), history of orthopedic joint-related disorders beyond CTS surgery, hand volumes, and physical status using the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire.
Results
ATTRwt patients had significantly higher physical work exposure than the HFrEF control group (p<0.001), with a higher prevalence of blue-collar work. Knee or hip joint replacement was more frequent in ATTRwt patients (31; 41%) compared to HFrEF patients (2; 8%). ATTRwt patients exhibited larger hand volumes than the HFrEF control group (dominant hand [DH]: 518±80 mL vs. 421±64 mL, p<0.001).
Conclusion
These findings support the hypothesis that long-standing mechanical stress might play an important role in the development of ATTRwt cardiomyopathy and associated ligament disorders.
Trial registration
The study was approved by the Committee of Scientific Ethics of the Central Denmark Region (project ID: 1-10-72-380-21). Date of registration: 17/03/2022. The study was registered with clinicaltrials.org (ID: NCT05896904). Date: 09/06/2023.
Enhancing weakly supervised learning for histopathology images by incorporating the significance ratio
Authors: Wang Shuhao , Xu Gang , Zhao Lingyu , Chen Xiao , Wang Tongwei , Wang Lang , Luo Zhenwei , Wang Dahan , Zhang Zewen , Liu Aijun , Ba Wei , Song Zhigang , Shi Huaiyin , Zhong Dingrong , Ma Jianpeng
Published: October 2023

Histopathology image analysis plays a crucial role in cancer diagnosis. However, training a clinically applicable segmentation algorithm requires pathologists to engage in labour-intensive labelling. In contrast, weakly supervised learning methods, which only require coarse-grained labels at the image level, can significantly reduce the labeling efforts. Unfortunately, while these methods perform reasonably well in slide-level prediction, their ability to locate cancerous regions, which is essential for many clinical applications, remains unsatisfactory. Previously, we proposed CAMEL, which achieves comparable results to those of fully supervised baselines in pixel-level segmentation. However, CAMEL requires 1,280×1,280 image-level binary annotations for positive WSIs. Here, we present CAMEL2, by introducing a threshold of the cancerous ratio for positive bags, it allows us to better utilize the information, consequently enabling us to scale up the image-level setting from 1,280×1,280 to 5,120×5,120 while maintaining the accuracy. Our results with various datasets, demonstrate that CAMEL2, with the help of 5,120×5,120 image-level binary annotations, which are easy to annotate, achieves comparable performance to that of a fully supervised baseline in both instance- and slide-level classifications.
Development and validation of TreatHSP-QoL – a patient-reported outcome measure for health-related quality of life in hereditary spastic paraplegia
Authors: Malina Jekaterina , Huessler Eva-Maria , Jöckel Karl-Heinz , Boog-Whiteside Eva , Jeschonneck Nicole , Schröder Bernadette , Schüle Rebecca , Kühl Tobias , Klebe Stephan
Published: October 2023

Background.
Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is a rare neurodegenerative disease that lacks specific and validated patient-centered outcome measures (PCOMs). We aimed to develop and validate a health-related quality of life (HRQoL) questionnaire specific to HSP (“TreatHSP-QoL”) that could be used as a PCOM.
Results.
The pilot-items of the TreatHSP-QoL (45 five-level Likert scale items, with values per item between 0–4) were developed based on a qualitative data analysis of 54 semi-structured interviews, conducted in person with 36 HSP patients and 18 caregivers. It was then reduced and modified through the validation process to 25 items. The main validation was performed using the online questionnaire in 242 HSP patients and 56 caregivers. The exploratory factor analysis defined five subdomains. Cronbach’s alpha ranged from 0.57–0.85 for the subdomains and reached 0.85 for the total score. The test-retest correlation reached 0.86. Correlations with the EuroQol-5 Dimension (5 levels) (EQ-5D-5L) and Friedreich Ataxia Rating Scale-Activities of Daily Living (FARS-ADL) questionnaires varied strongly among the subdomains, with the total scores reaching 0.53 and − 0.45, respectively. The caregiver-patient response correlation ranged between 0.64–0.82 for subdomains and reached 0.65 for the total score.
Conclusions.
TreatHSP-QoL can be used in high-quality clinical trials and clinical practice as a disease-specific PCOM (i.e., HRQoL measure) and is also applicable as a proxy questionnaire. Score values between 0-100 can be reached, where higher value represents better HRQoL. The variable correlations to the EQ-5D-5L and FARS-ADL support the specificity for HSP. All in all, the results demonstrate good validity and reliability for this new patient-centered questionnaire for HSP.
Spaces of anthropogenic CO2 emissions compatible with planetary boundaries
Authors: Bossy Thomas , Gasser Thomas , Ciais Philippe , Tanaka Katsumasa , Lecocq Franck , Bousquet Philippe
Published: October 2023

The concept of planetary boundaries delineates the Earth system’s limits within which humanity can sustainably prosper.
Here, we introduce a new modelling framework to translate four climate-related boundaries: global warming, ocean acidification, sea level rise, and Arctic sea ice melt. Using a reduced-form model, we map a range of anthropogenic CO2 emissions and removals pathways consistent with the boundaries, optionally adding solar radiation management (SRM) measures to the picture. Our framework estimates safety levels as probabilities to stay within the boundaries considering the physical uncertainty of the Earth system.
If CO2 emissions peak in 2030, net-zero CO2 is reached in 2100, CDR deployment capacity is 10 PgC per year, and SRM is not allowed, remaining within the global warming boundary is ensured with a safety level of 66%. This level is 50% for the sea level rise or the Arctic sea ice boundary; it is 26% for the ocean acidification boundary. When all four boundaries are considered together, it drops to only 12%, indicating a complex interplay of planetary boundaries in determining the safety level.
Our results suggest a need to assess planetary boundaries holistically to develop sustainable future strategies.
Characterization of Surface Spectral Emissivity Retrieved from EE9-FORUM Simulated Measurements
Authors: Sgattoni Cristina , Ridolfi Marco , Zugarini Chiara , Sgheri Luca
Published: October 2023

FORUM (Far-infrared Outgoing Radiation Understanding and Monitoring) has been approved to be the ninth Earth Explorer mission of the European Space Agency and is scheduled for launch in 2027. The core FORUM instrument is a Fourier Transform Spectrometer, which will measure, for the first time, the upwelling spectral radiance in the Far-Infrared (FIR) and Mid-Infrared (MIR) portions of the Earth’s spectrum. These radiances will be processed up to Level~2, to determine vertical profile of water vapour, surface spectral emissivity, and cloud parameters. In this paper, we assess the performance of the FORUM surface spectral emissivity product based on all-sky simulated retrievals.
In the FIR, we find that the retrieval error is mainly driven by the Precipitable Water Vapor (PWV) in clear sky conditions. In dry atmospheres, FIR emissivity can be retrieved with an error smaller than 0.01. In cloudy conditions, small errors can be achieved for optically thin clouds, especially for small values of the PWV.
In the MIR, we observe that a large thermal contrast between the surface and the lowest atmospheric layers increases the sensitivity of the measurements to the surface emissivity in clear sky conditions and an emissivity retrieval error smaller than 0.01 can usually be achieved. In cloudy conditions, small errors can be achieved for optically thin clouds, especially for large values of the surface temperature.
Applying a coarser retrieval grid further reduces retrieval error, though possibly at the expense of increased emissivity smoothing error.
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura with Preserved ADAMTS13: A Case Report
Authors: Theik Nyein Wint Yee , Shah Vedant , Shah Abhi , Panchal Viraj , Vyas Bhavya
Published: October 2023

Background: Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare, potentially fatal disease with multisystem involvement. ADAMTS13 assays are often used for supporting the diagnosis, we present a rare case of TTP with normal ADAMTS13 levels.
Case presentation:
A 39-year-old female with syncopes, blurred vision in both eyes on patch test, headaches, and tenderness over the abdomen on a background of hypertensive emergency. She had a history of chronic hypertension managed on medications, iron deficiency secondary to fibroid and an episode of provoked deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism with negative work-up of thrombophilia. Labs revealed low hemoglobin of 9.8 mg/dl, platelet in the range of 52,000/ml, 3 mEq/L potassium, with high levels of creatinine (Cr) 6.7 mg/dl and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels of 59 mg/dl. Due to the clinical triad of thrombocytopenia, hemolysis pattern, and neurological manifestation, an ADAMTS13 essay was ordered. Thrombophilia work-up showed haptoglobin was less than 20 mg/dl, LDH of 752 U/L, and a normal ADAMTS13 level. The PLASMIC score was 5, suggestive of moderate risk. With high levels of abnormal creatinine levels and BUN, renal biopsy was done to look for the cause of acute kidney injury in the setting of suspected TTP which revealed diffuse thrombotic microangiopathy, along with moderate to chronic changes with greater than 50% tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis. CT scan of the brain was negative for detecting any cause of syncope; MRI showed lacunar infarcts secondary to thromboembolism. A provisional diagnosis of TTP with normal ADAMTS13 level was made and she was started on plasma exchange. Drastic symptom improvement was noted with FFP and 8 units of plasma exchange.