bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A New Numerical Tool for Fast Ships in Following Seas
Authors: Lin Ray-Qing , Hoyt John G.
Published: July 2010

The six-degrees-of-freedom ship motions of a ship at speeds other than zero are always measured in terms of encounter frequency, and often, the incident waves in experimental data are also measured only in the encounter frequency domain. Using these measured data to obtain transfer functions from irregular following sea ship motions is complicated by the combined effects of very low encounter frequencies and the “folding” of the sea spectra. This results in having both overtaking and encountered waves of the same encounter frequency but different wavelengths. Computing transfer functions becomes untenable when the ship speed approaches the wave phase velocity, where the encounter spectrum has a mathematical singularity. St. Denis and Pierson (1953, “On the Motions of Ships in Confused Seas,” Soc. Nav. Archit. Mar. Eng., Trans., 61, pp. 280–357) suggested the basic relationships between response ship motions or moments that can be developed in the wave frequency domain at the outset. The St. Denis–Pierson method is based on a linear theory and works well when the ship response regime is linear or weakly nonlinear. However, for high-speed craft operating at different headings where the problems are nonlinear, especially strongly nonlinear, the St. Denis–Pierson assumptions will break down inducing error (1953, “On the Motions of Ships in Confused Seas,” Soc. Nav. Archit. Mar. Eng., Trans., 61, pp. 280–357). Furthermore, using the frequency resolution method to remove the singularity point may also induce errors, especially when the singularity point is located near the peak of stationary frequency. How to obtain the correct frequency resolution in the local region of singularity point is still an unsolved problem. In this study, we will propose a new method capable of predicting ship response motions for crafts with nonlinear or strongly nonlinear behaviors quantitatively. For example, using this method, one can use measured ship motion data in head seas to predict the motions of the ship at high speed in following seas. The new method has six steps, including using a filter to eliminate those unexpected modes that are not from incident waves, inertial motions, or nonlinear interactions, and applying a higher-order Taylor expansion to eliminate the singularity point. We refer to the new method as the Lin–Hoyt method, which agrees reasonably well with computations of the nonlinear “digital, self-consistent, ship experimental laboratory ship motion model,” also known as DiSSEL (2006, “Numerical Modeling of Nonlinear Interactions Between Ships and Surface Gravity Waves II: Ship Boundary Condition,” J. Ship Res., 50(2), pp. 181–186). We also use experimental head sea data to validate the simulations of DiSSEL. The Lin–Hoyt method is fast and inexpensive. The differences in the results of the numerical simulations obtained by the Lin–Hoyt method and other linear methods diverge rapidly with increased forward ship speed due to the nonlinearity of ship motion responses.
Local Design Pressures for Structures in Ice: Analysis of Full-Scale Data
Authors: Taylor Rocky S. , Jordaan Ian J. , Li Chuanke , Sudom Denise
Published: July 2010

The design of structures for ice conditions requires knowledge of local ice pressures to allow for appropriate levels of structural strengthening. Full-scale field data are keys to enhancing our understanding and modeling of ice behavior. Data collected during icebreaker ramming events represent an important source of information for use in design load estimation, and the evaluation of design methodologies. This paper examines several ship-ice interaction data sets using the ‘event-maximum’ method of local pressure analysis developed by Jordaan and et al. (1993, “Probabilistic Analysis of Local Ice Pressures,” ASME J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng., 115, pp. 83–89). In this method, the local pressure is obtained from a normalized curve, which contains two parameters α and x0. The parameter α is a function of the area, well represented by the curve α=CaD, where a is the local area of interest, and C and D are constants. The parameter x0 is assumed a constant for a given design scenario. An alternative approach, the up-crossing rate method, is presented in a companion paper (2009, “Estimation of Local Ice Pressure Using Up-Crossing Rate,” Proceedings of the OMAE 2009, Honolulu, HI). Local pressure analysis results for data from the USCGS Polar Sea, CCGS Terry Fox, CCGS Louis St. Laurent, and Swedish Icebreaker Oden are presented. A discussion of panel exposure, event duration, and the effects of these factors on x0 is given. New design curves are included. For all data considered, the calculated values of α fall below the design curve. For the design, it is recommended that α is calculated using a C value based on the impact data collected under ice conditions similar to those for the design scenario; D may be treated as a constant having a value of −0.7. A design value of x0 may be determined based on the analysis of appropriate data sets. The treatment of exposure is described for data analysis and design. The effects of exposure must be removed during data analysis to provide a design curve based on single panel exposure. For the design, estimates from the design curves must be adjusted to properly reflect the design exposure.
Atomic structure and strain of the InAs wetting layer growing on GaAs(001)-c(4×4)
Authors: Prohl C. , Höpfner B. , Grabowski J. , Dähne M. , Eisele H.
Published: July 2010

Using scanning tunneling microscopy, the authors studied the wetting layer evolution of InAs on GaAs(001)-c(4×4) and unraveled the different surface reconstructions during this process. At low coverages the deposited InAs material is first stored at defects and then at the hollow sites of the GaAs(001)-c(4×4) reconstruction. Close to an InAs coverage of 2/3 monolayer (ML), the whole surface abruptly reconstructs into an In2/3Ga1/3As monolayer, showing mainly a (4×3) reconstruction. Further deposited InAs is arranged in three different InAs(001)-(2×4) reconstructions on top of the In2/3Ga1/3As layer. After quantum dot occurrence above about 1.4 ML of InAs, a material transport away from the wetting layer is observed by a partial reappearance of the underlying (4×3) reconstruction. A detailed analysis of the observed reconstructions clearly shows that their specific atomic arrangements lead to a reduction of strain, while increased amounts of strain at the wetting layer start to build up above about 1.4 ML of deposited InAs, thus leading to quantum dot formation.
The role of speaker gender identification in relative fundamental frequency height estimation from multispeaker, brief speech segments
Authors: Lee Chao-Yang , Dutton Lauren , Ram Gayatri
Published: July 2010

A perception experiment was conducted to evaluate the proposal that speaker gender identification underlies the ability to estimate relative F0 height from multispeaker speech without cues typically present for speaker normalization. The Mandarin syllable sa was processed to generate fricative, vowel, and fricative-vowel stimuli. Both Mandarin and English listeners identified gender above chance from vowel and fricative-vowel stimuli. Fricative-vowel stimuli were identified more accurately than vowel stimuli, which were identified more accurately than fricative stimuli. Accuracy was comparable between Mandarin and English listeners, but reaction time showed distinct patterns. The perceptual evidence supports the idea that gender identification contributes to relative F0 height estimation.
On chirp stimuli and neural synchrony in the suprathreshold auditory brainstem response
Authors: Petoe Matthew A. , Bradley Andrew P. , Wilson Wayne J.
Published: July 2010

The chirp-evoked ABR has been regarded as a more synchronous response than the click-evoked ABR, referring to the belief that the chirp stimulates lower-, mid-, and higher-frequency regions of the cochlea simultaneously. In this study a variety of tools were used to analyze the synchronicity of ABRs evoked by chirp- and click-stimuli at 40 dB HL in 32 normal hearing subjects aged 18 to 55 years (mean=24.8 years, SD=7.1 years). Compared to the click-evoked ABRs, the chirp-evoked ABRs showed larger wave V amplitudes, but an absence of earlier waves in the grand averages, larger wave V latency variance, smaller FFT magnitudes at the higher component frequencies, and larger phase variance at the higher component frequencies. These results strongly suggest that the chirp-evoked ABRs exhibited less synchrony than the click-evoked ABRs in this study. It is proposed that the temporal compensation offered by chirp stimuli is sufficient to increase neural recruitment (as measured by wave V amplitude), but that destructive phase interactions still exist along the cochlea partition, particularly in the low frequency portions of the cochlea where more latency jitter is expected. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
Individual differences and age effects in a dichotic informational masking paradigm
Authors: Wightman Frederic L. , Kistler Doris J. , O’Bryan Amanda
Published: July 2010

Sixty normally-hearing listeners, ages 5 to 61 years, participated in a monaural speech understanding task designed to assess the impact of a single-talker speech masker presented to the opposite ear. The speech targets were masked by ipsilateral speech-spectrum noise. Masker level was fixed and target level was varied to estimate psychometric functions. The target/masker ratio that led to 51% correct performance in this task was taken as the baseline threshold. The impact of a modulated speech-spectrum noise, a male talker, or a female talker presented at a fixed level to the contralateral ear was quantified by the change in the baseline threshold and was assumed to reflect informational masking. The modulated-noise masker produced no informational masking across the entire age range. Speech maskers produced as much as 20 dB of informational masking for children aged 5–8 years and only 4 dB for adults. In contrast with previous studies using ipsilateral speech maskers, the male and female contralateral speech maskers produced comparable informational masking. Analyses of the developmental rate of change for informational masking and of the patterns of individual differences suggest that the informational masking produced by contralateral and ipsilateral maskers may be mediated by different mechanisms or processes.
Ship classification using nonlinear features of radiated sound: An approach based on empirical mode decomposition
Authors: Bao Fei , Li Chen , Wang Xinlong , Wang Qingfu , Du Shuanping
Published: July 2010

Classification for ship-radiated underwater sound is one of the most important and challenging subjects in underwater acoustical signal processing. An approach to ship classification is proposed in this work based on analysis of ship-radiated acoustical noise in subspaces of intrinsic mode functions attained via the ensemble empirical mode decomposition. It is shown that detection and acquisition of stable and reliable nonlinear features become practically feasible by nonlinear analysis of the time series of individual decomposed components, each of which is simple enough and well represents an oscillatory mode of ship dynamics. Surrogate and nonlinear predictability analysis are conducted to probe and measure the nonlinearity and regularity. The results of both methods, which verify each other, substantiate that ship-radiated noises contain components with deterministic nonlinear features well serving for efficient classification of ships. The approach perhaps opens an alternative avenue in the direction toward object classification and identification. It may also import a new view of signals as complex as ship-radiated sound.
The effects of frequency-place shift on consonant confusion in cochlear implant simulations
Authors: Zhou Ning , Xu Li , Lee Chao-Yang
Published: July 2010

The effects of frequency-place shift on consonant recognition and confusion matrices were examined. Frequency-place shift was manipulated using a noise-excited vocoder with 4 to 16 channels. In the vocoder processing, the location of the most apical carrier band varied from the matched condition (i.e., 28 mm from the base of the cochlear) to a basal shift (i.e., 22 mm from the base) in a step size of 1 mm. Ten normal-hearing subjects participated in the 20-alternative forced-choice test, where the consonants were presented in a /Ca/ context. Shift of 3 mm or more caused the consonant recognition scores to decrease significantly. The effects of spectral resolution disappeared when the amount of shift reached ≥3 mm. Information transmitted for voicing and place of articulation varied with spectral shift and spectral resolution, while information transmitted for manner was affected only by spectral shift but not spectral resolution. Spectral shift has shown specific effects on the confusion patterns of the consonants. The direction of errors reversed as spectral shift increased and the patterns of reversal were consistent across channel conditions. Overall, transmission of the consonant features can be accounted for by the acoustic features of the speech signal.
Recovery from on- and off-frequency forward masking in listeners with normal and impaired hearing
Authors: Wojtczak Magdalena , Oxenham Andrew J.
Published: July 2010

The aim of this study was to investigate the possible mechanisms underlying an effect reported earlier [Wojtczak, M., and Oxenham, A. J. (2009). J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 125, 270–281] in normal-hearing listeners, whereby recovery from forward masking can be slower for off-frequency tonal maskers than for on-frequency tonal maskers that produce the same amount of masking at a 0-ms masker-signal delay. To rule out potential effects of confusion between the tonal signal and tonal masker, one condition used a noise-band forward masker. To test whether the effect involved temporal build-up, another condition used a short-duration (30-ms) forward masker. To test whether the effect is dependent on normal cochlear function, conditions were tested in five listeners with sensorineural hearing loss. For the 150-ms noise maskers, the data from normal-hearing listeners replicated the findings from the previous study that used tonal maskers. In contrast, no significant difference in recovery from on- and off-frequency masking was observed for the 30-ms tonal maskers in normal-hearing listeners, or for the 150-ms tonal maskers in hearing-impaired listeners. Overall, the results are consistent with a mechanism based on efferent feedback that affects the recovery from forward masking in the normal auditory system.
Shear wave speed recovery in sonoelastography using crawling wave data
Authors: Lin Kui , McLaughlin Joyce , Renzi Daniel , Thomas Ashley
Published: July 2010

The crawling wave experiment, in which two harmonic sources oscillate at different but nearby frequencies, is a development in sonoelastography that allows real-time imaging of propagating shear wave interference patterns. Previously the crawling wave speed was recovered and used as an indicator of shear stiffness; however, it is shown in this paper that the crawling wave speed image can have artifacts that do not represent a change in stiffness. In this paper, the locations and shapes of some of the artifacts are exhibited. In addition, a differential equation is established that enables imaging of the shear wave speed, which is a quantity strongly correlated with shear stiffness change. The full algorithm is as follows: (1) extract the crawling wave phase from the spectral variance data; (2) calculate the crawling wave phase wave speed; (3) solve a first-order PDE for the phase of the wave emanating from one of the sources; and (4) compute and image the shear wave speed on a grid in the image plane.
Low-Potash Lush's Bight Tholeiites: Ancient Oceanic Crust in Newfoundland?
Authors: Smitheringale W. G.
Published: July 2010

The Lush's Bight Group of north-central Newfoundland consists mainly of regionally metamorphosed pillowed basalts. Mafic dikes and sills, comagmatic with the basalts, are abundant and dioritic stocks and silicic igneous rocks constitute a small portion of the group. Most rocks belong to a tholeiitic suite derived from low-K tholeiite that has a trace element content similar to oceanic tholeiite. A few rocks are slightly alkaline, implying that alkali basalt may have contributed to the volcanic pile. The thickness, chemical composition, and lithology of the group suggest it represents the upper (dominantly volcanic) part of layer two of oceanic crust. Alternatively, formation as a tholeiitic shield beneath a mid-ocean volcanic island is suggested by the alkaline affinities of some rocks and by a thick pyroclastic sequence that conformably overlies the group.The Lush's Bight Group contains many volcanogenic iron-copper sulfide occurrences.Mid-ocean ridges are recognized as magmatically dominated environments in which hydrothermal fluids of plutonic and volcanic origin might constitute ore fluids.
Pleistocene Molluscs from Lake Iroquois Deposits in Ontario
Authors: Karrow P. F. , Clarke A. H. , Herrington H. B.
Published: July 2010

Nearly 30 taxa of Pleistocene freshwater snails and sphaeriids have been found in recent years at eight localities in glacial Lake Iroquois deposits. Older reports of molluscs from Lake Iroquois deposits by Ami (1900) and Coleman (1899, 1933) probably represent confusion with shells from Lake Algonquin and Wisconsinan interstadial deposits at Toronto.Molluscs are most abundant in shallow-water sediments deposited in former lagoons and near former river mouths in Lake Iroquois. A northeastward limit of occurrences near Oshawa, Ontario may reflect the influence of the retreating ice-margin in eastern Ontario 12 000 years ago. Shells have been found occasionally in deposits of lower level, post-Iroquois (but pre-Champlain Sea) lake stages in eastern Ontario. The Lake Iroquois fauna suggests the presence of vegetation both on land and in the water with water conditions at individual sites varying from oligotrophic to eutrophic.
Photo-interpretation studies in the location of prairie groundwater supplies
Authors: Mollard J. D.
Published: July 2010

This paper discusses the methodology and performance records of photo-interpretation studies applied to hydrogeological investigations carried out mainly in the Prairie provinces of Western Canada. Most of these studies involved the search for previously unknown commercial sources of groundwater in southern Saskatchewan and Alberta.Performance records reported cover the 13-year period from 1956 to 1969. During this period, 203 requests were made for consulting assistance. Approximately 90% of these requests resulted in the interpretation of hydrogeological environments displayed on conventional black-and-white aerial photography. Follow-up field data are available on 127 projects, which include 84 groundwater development investigations that we supervised fully from initial photo-interpretation studies to production-well installation, pump testing, data analysis, and evaluation of safe yield.Airphoto interpretation techniques proved helpful in correctly identifying commercial sources of groundwater in approximately 7 out of 10 projects. About half of the water sources were required for urban use and about one-quarter were required for a variety of industrial uses. Also, roughly half of the studies involved finding 10 to 60 Imperial gallons a minute (45.5 to 272.8 l/min) and roughly half involved finding 60 to 2000 Imperial gallons a minute (272.8 to 9092 l/min). Less frequently, the groundwater studies dealt with regional mapping of the surficial and bedrock hydrogeology, with setting up monitoring systems for the detection and surveillance of groundwater contamination, and with locating small groundwater supplies.
Regional geology and landslides in the marine clay deposits of eastern Canada
Authors: Rochelle P. La , Chagnon J. Y. , Lefebvre G.
Published: July 2010

A detailed inventory of the numerous landslides which have taken place in the Province of Quebec has shown that they are concentrated in given areas. Extensive studies carried out in three different areas have revealed a coincidence between the concentration of landslides and the existence of valleys in the bedrock underlying the clay deposits.Piezometric levels measured on the field have consistently shown the prevalence of a downward gradient in the upper part of the slope and an upward gradient with artesian pressure at the toe. These flow conditions which can be imputed in part to the presence of the valley in the bedrock produce the leaching of the salt in the pore water of the clay resulting in a decrease of the shear strength and an increase of sensitivity of the clay.
Theoretical analysis of aquifer response due to dewatering at Welland
Authors: Frind E. O.
Published: July 2010

The investigation of the regional response of an aquifer due to depressurization at the Welland Canal construction site is discussed in this paper. The aquifer consists of the upper fractured zone of the bedrock, overlain by a poorly-permeable confining layer which permits recharge and discharge through leakage. The permeability in the aquifer varies throughout the area.As no exact solution exists, a mathematical model is developed. The model is two-dimensional in the horizontal plane and represents the non-homogeneous continuum of the aquifer by a finite number of nodes arranged in a grid. From the differential equation of flow, a system of linear equations is derived and solved by computer. Unsteady flow conditions are approximated by solving the system for discrete steps in time, from commencement of pumping up to equilibrium. Model parameters, consisting of the nodal values of transmissibility, leakance, and storage coefficient, are established by simulation of an actual period of pumping, for which the regional response is determined from readings at observation wells. After using one observed case, the model can be employed to solve any number of practical problems relating to the aquifer response within the area.
Embankment stability on anisotropic soft clays
Authors: Graham J.
Published: July 2010

Embankment stability on soft clays depends on the properties of the foundation soils, which are often complex. Factors that strongly influence the prediction of embankment performance include the increase of strength with depth, apparent overconsolidation, surface crust desiccation, rate effects, porewater pressure response, and anisotropy. A circular arc, total stress stability solution is presented for anisotropic soils whose strengths increase with depth below a surface crust. The use of total stress parameters means that porewater pressures can be ignored in calculations of short-term stability.Results are compared with a number of cases of failure of embankments reported in the literature.
Fluid settlement profiler: error analysis for installation at Blackstrap, Saskatchewan
Authors: Tao S. S.
Published: July 2010

The accuracy of settlement measurement at the base of a man-made ski hill, using a fluid settlement profiler, has been analysed. Owing to the great length of the installation, changes in ambient temperature and barometric pressure contributed most to overall error. Other factors, such as probe positioning, level reference to benchmark, and transducer system reproducibility also affected accuracy. At the centre of the settlement profile the possible error was found to be 11.2 mm or 0.87% of the observed settlement.
APPLICATION OF THE R-MATRIX METHOD TO CDCC CALCULATIONS
Authors: DRUET T. , BAYE D. , DESCOUVEMONT P. , SPARENBERG J.-M.
Published: July 2010

The R-matrix method is applied to the Continuum Discretized Coupled Channel (CDCC) approximation. The variational basis is chosen as Lagrange functions, which are shown to be efficient and accurate. We apply the general formalism to the d + 58 Ni elastic scattering at Ed = 80 MeV . Future developments are briefly discussed.
A MICROSCOPIC CLUSTER MODEL STUDY OF 3He + p SCATTERINGS
Authors: ARAI K. , AOYAMA S. , SUZUKI Y.
Published: July 2010

3 He + p scattering phase shifts for the S- and P-waves are studied in a microscopic cluster model in order to investigate the role of the d + 2p channel in the low-energy phase shifts. In the present cluster model, the description of the 3 He wave function is extended from a simple (0s)3 model to a three-body model and two different nucleon-nucleon interactions, the Minnesota and AV8' potentials, are employed. The present extended cluster model shows that the d + 2p channel is indispensable to reproduce the resonant phase shifts in the AV8' potential while it plays a minor role in the MN potential. On the contrary, the role of this channel in the S-wave non-resonant phase shifts is negligible in both potentials.
QRPA CALCULATIONS FOR SPHERICAL AND DEFORMED NUCLEI WITH THE GOGNY FORCE
Authors: PERU S. , GOSSELIN G. , DUPUIS M. , HILAIRE S. , MARTINI M. , DEVAUX J.-C.
Published: July 2010

Fully consistent axially-symmetric-deformed Quasi-particle Random Phase Approximation (QRPA) calculations have been performed with the D1S Gogny force. Impact of the deformation in giant multipole resonances is discussed. QRPA and 5 Dimensional Collective Hamiltonian results are compared for low lying 2+ states in N = 16 isotones and Ni isotopes. Multipole resonances are also obtained for the heavy nucleus 238 U .
SPECTROSCOPIC FEATURES OF LOW-ENERGY EXCITATIONS IN SKIN NUCLEI
Authors: TSONEVA NADIA , LENSKE HORST
Published: July 2010

Systematic studies of dipole and other multipole excitations in stable and exotic nuclei are discussed theoretically. Exploring the relation of the strengths of low-energy dipole and quadrupole pygmy resonances to the thickness of the neutron (proton) skin a close connection between static and dynamic properties of the nucleus is observed. The fine structure of low-energy dipole strength in 138 Ba nucleus is revealed from E1 and spin-flip M1 strengths distributions.
RESONANCE AND CONTINUUM CONTRIBUTIONS TO NUCLEAR REACTIONS OF ASTROPHYSICAL INTEREST
Authors: KATŌ KIYOSHI
Published: July 2010

The α-condensed state in nuclear systems has been proposed by Tohsaki et al. and given rise to interesting discussions. The Hoyle state of 12 C has been studied as the most typical example of such an α-condensed state. A new resonant [Formula: see text] state (Er = 1.66 MeV , Γ = 1.48 MeV ) is predicted as an excited α-condensed state in addition to the second 0+ state of the Hoyle state by calculations of the complex scaled 3α model. Based on this result, the breakup strengths of the inversion reaction for sequential (8 Be + α → 12 C + γ) and direct (α + α + α → 12 C + γ) processes are calculated.
DINEUTRON CORRELATION IN THE GROUND STATE AND E1 EXCITATIONS OF BORROMEAN NUCLEI
Authors: HAGINO K. , SAGAWA H. , OISHI T.
Published: July 2010

Using a three-body model with density-dependent contact interaction, we discuss the role of dineutron correlation in the ground state properties as well as in the dipole excitation of typical weakly-bound Borromean nuclei, 11 Li and 6 He . We show that, while both the nuclei manifest themselves similar strong dineutron correlations to each other in the ground state, the energy distributions for the two emitted neutrons from the dipole excitation are considerably different. We also discuss briefly the diproton correlation in a proton-rich Borromean nucleus, 17 Ne .
DYNAMICS AND SPECTROSCOPY OF EXOTIC NUCLEAR SYSTEMS WITH MULTI-PARTICLE CORRELATION OBSERVABLES
Authors: VERDE GIUSEPPE , CHBIHI A.
Published: July 2010

Correlation functions measured in heavy-ion collisions are used to extract information about the space-time extent of the emitting sources. Similar techniques can be applied to study some spectroscopic properties of unbound states produced during the dynamical evolution of the colliding system.
PROBING THE WEAKLY-BOUND NEUTRON ORBIT OF 31Ne WITH ONE-NEUTRON REMOVAL REACTIONS
Authors: CAPEL P. , HORIUCHI W. , SUZUKI Y. , BAYE D.
Published: July 2010

A candidate of a neutron-halo nucleus, 31 Ne , contains a single neutron in the pf shell. Within Glauber and eikonal models, we analyze reactions used to study 31 Ne . We show in a 30 Ne + n model that the magnitudes of the total reaction and above all of the one-neutron removal cross sections of 31 Ne on 12 C and 208 Pb targets strongly depend on the orbital angular momentum of the valence neutron, thereby providing efficient ways to determine the structure of 31 Ne ground state. We also show that elastic-breakup observables exhibit a strong dependence upon the orbital of the valence neutron.
MIRROR ASYMMETRY INVESTIGATED BY β DECAY OF PROTON-RICH 24Si
Authors: ICHIKAWA YUICHI
Published: July 2010

The β-decay spectroscopy on 24 Si was carried out in order to investigate characteristic properties of proton-rich nuclei from a perspective of mirror asymmetry. We observed two β transitions to low-lying bound states in 24 Al for the first time. The B( GT ) of 24 Si were deduced to be 0.13(2) and 0.14(2), which were smaller than those of the mirror transition by 22(11)% and 10(8)%, respectively. Through the comparison with theoretical calculations taking into account the Coulomb force and the Thomas-Ehrman shift, the mirror asymmetry of B( GT ) is attributed to the lowering of the proton 1s1/2 orbital.
CALCULATION OF BREAKUP CROSS SECTION FOR FOUR-BODY BREAKUP REACTION SYSTEMS
Authors: MATSUMOTO TAKUMA , KATŌ KIYOSHI , YAHIRO MASANOBU
Published: July 2010

We present a new method of smoothing discrete breakup cross sections calculated by the method of continuum-discretized coupled-channels. In the four-body breakup reaction of 12 C (6 He , nn4 He ) at E in = 229.8 MeV , the continuous breakup cross section is evaluated as a function of the excitation energy of 6 He . Convergence of the cross section with respect to extending the modelspace is also confirmed.
TOTAL REACTION CROSS SECTIONS OF LIGHT NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI IN THE GLAUBER APPROXIMATION
Authors: KOHAMA AKIHISA , ABU-IBRAHIM BADAWY , HORIUCHI WATARU , IWASAKI SHOHEI , SUZUKI YASUYUKI
Published: July 2010

We report our recent numerical results of total reaction cross sections of light neutron-rich nuclei, such as carbons and oxygens, in the Glauber approximation to study the exotic structure of neutron-rich unstable nuclei.
THE STRUCTURE OF NEUTRON-RICH 28,29Mg STUDIED THROUGH β-DECAY OF SPIN POLARIZED 28,29Na BEAMS AT TRIUMF
Authors: TAJIRI K. , KURA K. , KAZATO M. , SUGA M. , TAKASHIMA A. , MASUE T. , HORI T. , ODAHARA A. , SHIMODA T. , SUZUKI T. , FUKUCHI T. , HIRAYAMA Y. , IMAI N. , MIYATAKE H. , PEARSON M. , LEVY C.D.P. , JACKSON K.P.
Published: July 2010

The level structures of 28 Mg and 29 Mg have been investigated by the β-decay of spin-polarized28 Na and 29 Na at ISAC, TRIUMF. The detailed β-γ and γ-γ coincidence measurements were performed. New γ rays and β transitions were observed both in 28 Mg and 29 Mg . We have succeeded in assigning spins and parities of many levels in 28 Mg and 29 Mg . Comparison with shell model calculations using USD Hamiltonian suggest that the structure of 28 Mg and 29 Mg are well explained in the sd-shell configurations, except for two levels at 1.095 and 1.430 MeV in 29 Mg . This suggests negative parity assignments for these levels. The evolution of sd-pf shell is discussed.
TENSOR OPTIMIZED SHELL MODEL USING BARE INTERACTION FOR LIGHT NUCLEI
Authors: MYO TAKAYUKI , TOKI HIROSHI , IKEDA KIYOMI
Published: July 2010

We propose a new method to describe nuclear structure using bare nuclear interaction, in which the tensor and short-range correlations are described by using the tensor optimized shell model (TOSM) and the unitary correlation operator method (UCOM), respectively.
LOWEST-ORDER CONTRIBUTIONS OF CHIRAL THREE-NUCLEON INTERACTIONS TO PAIRING PROPERTIES OF NUCLEAR GROUND STATES
Authors: DUGUET T. , LESINSKI T. , HEBELER K. , SCHWENK A.
Published: July 2010

We perform a systematic study of the odd-even mass staggering generated using a pairing interaction computed at first order in low-momentum interactions. Building on previous work including the (nuclear plus Coulomb) two-nucleon interaction only, we focus here on the first-order contribution from chiral three-nucleon forces. We observe a significant repulsive effect from the three-nucleon interaction. The combined contribution from two- and three-nucleon interactions accounts for approximately 70% of the experimental pairing gaps. This leaves room for higher-order contributions to the pairing kernel and the normal self-energy that need to be computed consistently.
LINEAR RESPONSE CALCULATION USING CANONICAL-BASIS TDHFB WITH A SCHEMATIC PAIRING FUNCTIONAL
Authors: EBATA SHUICHIRO , NAKATSUKASA T. , INAKURA T. , HASHIMOTO Y. , YABANA K.
Published: July 2010

We derive the Canonical-basis Time-Dependent Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (CbTDHFB) equations using time-dependent variational principle with a special pairing energy functional. We obtain the isoscalar quadrupole strength functions for Magnesium isotopes with small-amplitude CbTDHFB calculation in the three-dimensional coordinate-space representation.
NEUTRON-DEUTERON SCATTERING PREDICTED BY THE QUARK-MODEL BARYON-BARYON INTERACTION
Authors: FUKUKAWA K. , FUJIWARA Y.
Published: July 2010

We apply our quark-model NN interaction fss2 to the nd scattering in the Faddeev formalism. A consistent description of the triton binding energy, the nd scattering length, the differential cross sections, and spin observables of the elastic scattering up to 65 MeV is achieved without introducing three-body forces.
CONSTRAINING SYMMETRY RESTORATION WITHIN THE NUCLEAR ENERGY DENSITY FUNCTIONAL METHOD
Authors: SADOUDI J. , DUGUET T.
Published: July 2010

We review the notion of symmetry breaking and restoration within the frame of nuclear energy density functional methods. We focus on key differences between wave-function- and energy-functional-based methods. In particular, we point to difficulties to formulate the restoration of symmetries within the energy functional framework.
EFFECT OF 16O CORE EXCITATION FOR PARTICLE CAPTURE REACTIONS AT ASTROPHYSICAL ENERGY
Authors: YAMAMOTO KAZUYUKI , MASUI HIROSHI , OHTA MASAHISA , KATŌ KIYOSHI
Published: July 2010

In order to investigate the particle capture reactions at the astrophysical energy, we consider that the structure of the negative-parity states near the threshold energy becomes important. To study the structure, it is necessary to extend the model space take into account the effect of the core excitation. In this paper, we discuss the effect of the core excitation for the reaction cross sections at the astrophysical energy.
MOMENTUM-SPACE FADDEEV CALCULATIONS FOR GROUND-STATE TRIPLY AND DOUBLY HEAVY BARYONS IN THE CONSTITUENT QUARK MODEL
Authors: ZHENG W. , PANG H. R.
Published: July 2010

In the framework of constituent quark model, mass spectra of the ground-state baryons consisting of three or two heavy (b or c) and one light (u, d or s) quarks are calculated by solving three-body Faddeev equations. The results imply that, it is possible to obtain a unified model to describe heavy baryons spectra, as well as meson and SU(3) octet and decuplet baryon spectra. We find that, when taking into account the relativistic correction quark–diquark approximation and three-body Faddeev approach tend to give similar predictions for heavy–light systems. We also study the spin splitting of JP = (1/2+) and JP = (3/2+).
ASPECTS OF THICK BRANE WORLDS: 4D GRAVITY LOCALIZATION, SMOOTHNESS, AND MASS GAP
Authors: HERRERA-AGUILAR ALFREDO , MALAGÓN-MOREJÓN DAGOBERTO , MORA-LUNA REFUGIO RIGEL , NUCAMENDI ULISES
Published: July 2010

We review some interrelated aspects of thick braneworlds constructed within the framework of 5D gravity coupled to a scalar field depending on the extra dimension. It turns out that when analyzing localization of 4D gravity in this smooth version of the Randall–Sundrum model, a kind of dichotomy emerges. In the first case the geometry is completely smooth and the spectrum of the transverse traceless modes of the metric fluctuations shows a single massless bound state, corresponding to the 4D graviton, and a tower of massive states described by a continuous spectrum of Kaluza–Klein excitations starting from zero mass, indicating the lack of a mass gap. In the second case, there are two bound states, a massless 4D graviton and a massive excitation, separated by a mass gap from a continuous spectrum of massive modes; nevertheless, the presence of a mass gap in the graviton spectrum of the theory is responsible for a naked singularity at the boundaries (or spatial infinity) of the Riemannian manifold. However, the imposition of unitary boundary conditions, which is equivalent to eliminating the continuous spectrum of gravitational massive modes, renders these singularities harmless from the physical point of view, providing the viability of the model.
AN EFFECTIVE FIELD THEORY LOOK AT DEEP INELASTIC SCATTERING
Authors: PAZ GIL
Published: July 2010

This talk discusses the effective field theory view of deep inelastic scattering. In such an approach, the standard factorization formula of a hard coefficient multiplied by a parton distribution function arises from matching of QCD onto an effective field theory. The DGLAP equations can then be viewed as the standard renormalization group equations that determines the cutoff dependence of the nonlocal operator whose forward matrix element is the parton distribution function. As an example, the non-singlet quark splitting function is derived directly from the renormalization properties of the nonlocal operator itself. This approach, although discussed in the literature, does not appear to be well known to the larger high energy community. In this talk we give a pedagogical introduction to this subject.
ANTIPHASE SYNCHRONIZATION OF TWO NONIDENTICAL PENDULUMS
Authors: YI IL GU , LEE HYUN KEUN , JUN SUNG HYUN , KIM BEOM JUN
Published: July 2010

We numerically study the synchronization of two nonidentical pendulum motions, pivoting on a common movable frame from the point of view of dynamic phase transition. When the difference in the pendulum lengths is not too large, it is shown that the system settles into the dynamic state of the antiphase synchronization with phase difference π. We observe that there is a bistable region where either the antiphase synchronized state or the desynchronized state can be stabilized. We also find that there exists a hysteresis effect around the dynamic phase transition as the length difference is adiabatically changed.
CHEMICAL TESSELLATIONS — RESULTS OF BINARY AND TERTIARY REACTIONS BETWEEN METAL IONS AND FERRICYANIDE OR FERROCYANIDE LOADED GELS
Authors: DE LACY COSTELLO B. P. J. , JAHAN I. , HAMBIDGE P. , LOCKING K. , PATEL D. , ADAMATZKY A.
Published: July 2010

In our recent letter [de Lacy Costello et al., 2009] we described the formation of spontaneous complex tessellations of the plane constructed in simple chemical reactions between drops of metal salts and ferricyanide or ferrocyanide loaded gels. In this paper, we provide more examples of binary tessellations and extend our analysis to tessellations constructed via tertiary mixtures of reactants. We also provide a classification system which describes the tessellation based on the reactivity of the metal salt with the substrate and also the cross-reactivity of the primary products. This results in balanced tessellations where both reactants have equal reactivity or unbalanced tessellations where one reactant has a lower reactivity with the gel. The products can also be partially or fully cross reactive which gives a highly complex tessellation.

The tessellations are made up of colored cells (corresponding to different metal ferricyanides or ferrocyanides) separated by bisectors of low precipitate concentration. The tessellations constructed by these reactions constitute generalized Voronoi diagrams. In the case of certain binary or tertiary combinations of reactants where the diffusion/reaction rates differ, then multiplicatively weighted crystal growth Voronoi diagrams are constructed. Where one reactant has limited or no reactivity with the gel (or the products are cross reactive) then the fronts originating from the reactive metal ions cross the fronts originating from the partially reactive metal ions. The fronts can annihilate in the formation of a second Voronoi diagram relating to the relative positions of the reactive drops. Therefore, two or more generalised or weighted Voronoi diagrams can be calculated in parallel by these simple chemical systems.

However when these reactions were used to calculate an additively weighted Voronoi diagram (the reaction was initiated at different time intervals) the diagram constructed did not correspond to the theoretical calculation. We use the failure of these reactions to construct an additively weighted Voronoi diagram to prove a mechanism of substrate competition for bisector formation.

These tessellations are an important class of pattern forming reactions and are useful in modeling natural pattern forming phenomena in addition to being a great resource for scientific demonstrations.
ARTHROSCOPIC WAFER RESECTION FOR ULNAR IMPACTION SYNDROME: PREDICTION OF OUTCOMES
Authors: Meftah Morteza , Keefer Eric P. , Panagopoulos Georgia , Yang S. Steven
Published: July 2010

Twenty-six patients with mean age of 38.5 (range 18–59), from 1998 to 2005, with ulnar impaction syndrome who failed nonoperative treatments were included in our study. Patients' age, history of previous wrist fracture, presence of MRI signs and ulnar variance were recorded as variables. Also, patients' postoperative strength (compared to the contralateral wrist) and pain relief were collected as outcome measurements. Twenty-two patients (84.6%) had either good or excellent pain relief (median 4, range 1–4). Significant correlation was found between MRI findings and postop pain relief (r = 0.53, p ≤ 0.01). History of previous distal radius fractures was negatively correlated with pain relief (r = -0.50, p ≤ 0.01). No correlation was found between postop strength and any of the variables. Presence of MRI signs of UIS is a predictor of good outcome in arthroscopic wafer resection.
SALVAGE OF A FAILED SAUVÉ-KAPANDJI PROCEDURE USING A TOTAL DISTAL RADIO-ULNAR JOINT REPLACEMENT
Authors: Atwal N. S. , Clark D. A. , Amirfeyz R. , Bhatia R.
Published: July 2010

This is the first report in the literature of a patient treated with a DRUJ replacement after Sauvé-Kapandji procedure failed due to pain and instability. The DRUJ replacement is an unconstrained, biomechanically more advantageous implant which can confer stability in cases where soft tissues are inadequate. We describe the treatment and outcome of persistent ulnar instability with a distal radio-ulnar joint replacement following failed salvage procedures for a malunion of a distal radius fracture.
REPRESENTATION BOUND FOR HUMAN FACIAL MIMIC WITH THE AID OF PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS
Authors: SÖDERSTRÖM ULRIK , LI HAIBO
Published: July 2010

In this paper, we examine how much information is needed to represent the facial mimic, based on Paul Ekman's assumption that the facial mimic can be represented with a few basic emotions. Principal component analysis is used to compact the important facial expressions. Theoretical bounds for facial mimic representation are presented both for using a certain number of principal components and a certain number of bits. When 10 principal components are used to reconstruct color image video at a resolution of 240 × 176 pixels the representation bound is on average 36.8 dB, measured in peak signal-to-noise ratio. Practical confirmation of the theoretical bounds is demonstrated. Quantization of projection coefficients affects the representation, but a quantization with approximately 7-8 bits is found to match an exact representation, measured in mean square error.
ADAPTIVE NONLINEAR IMAGE ENHANCEMENT OF GAUSSIAN DEGRADED IMAGES
Authors: GOWDA RAHUL , MEHTA SHALIN M. , YANG YUE , LI BAOXIN
Published: July 2010

An adaptive technique for nonlinear image enhancement using Gabor filters is proposed. A set of Gabor filters are employed to extract high-pass components from the blurred image and these components are then nonlinearly processed before adding back to the input image for enhancement. Further, we propose a novel method for fast blur estimation and we establish an empirical relationship between the estimated blur and the optimal Gabor filter parameters, resulting in an enhancement system that is adaptive to the degree of blur in the input image. Extensive evaluation, including both PSNR-based objective evaluation and subjective psychophysical tests, confirms the advantages of the proposed approach over existing state-of-the-art methods. This enhancement approach is especially targeted at digital television applications where image blur is present due to various reasons like compression and resolution up-conversion.
A COMPARISON OF SCORING METRICS FOR PREDICTING THE NEXT NAVIGATION STEP WITH MARKOV MODEL-BASED SYSTEMS
Authors: BORGES JOSÉ , LEVENE MARK
Published: July 2010

The problem of predicting the next request during a user's navigation session has been extensively studied. In this context, higher-order Markov models have been widely used to model navigation sessions and to predict the next navigation step, while prediction accuracy has been mainly evaluated with the hit and miss score. We claim that this score, although useful, is not sufficient for evaluating next link prediction models with the aim of finding a sufficient order of the model, the size of a recommendation set, and assessing the impact of unexpected events on the prediction accuracy. Herein, we make use of a variable length Markov model to compare the usefulness of three alternatives to the hit and miss score: the Mean Absolute Error, the Ignorance Score, and the Brier score. We present an extensive evaluation of the methods on real data sets and a comprehensive comparison of the scoring methods.
A COMPREHENSIVE SURVEY OF THE REVIEWER ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM
Authors: WANG FAN , SHI NING , CHEN BEN
Published: July 2010

Reviewer Assignment Problem (RAP) is an important issue in peer-review of academic writing. This issue directly influences the quality of the publication and as such is the brickwork of scientific authentication. Due to the obvious limitations of manual assignment, automatic approaches for RAP is in demand. In this paper, we conduct a survey on those automatic approaches appeared in academic literatures. In this paper, regardless of the way reviewer assignment is structured, we formally divide the RAP into three phases: reviewer candidate search, matching degree computation, and assignment optimization. We find that current research mainly focus on one or two phases, but obviously, these three phases are correlative. For each phase, we describe and classify the main issues and methods for addressing them. Methodologies in these three phases have been developed in a variety of research disciplines, including information retrieval, artificial intelligence, operations research, etc. Naturally, we categorize different approaches by these disciplines and provide comments on their advantages and limitations. With an emphasis on identifying the gaps between current approaches and the practical needs, we point out the potential future research opportunities, including integrated optimization, online optimization, etc.