bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DESAFIOS ENFRENTADOS PELOS PROFISSIONAIS DAS VARAS DE FAMÍLIA, INFÂNCIA E JUVENTUDE: O ACOLHIMENTO INSTITUCIONAL DE CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES
Authors: Chaves Alberto Carlos Maia , Costa Ricardo Sérvulo Fonsêca da
Published: August 2024

Este trabalho investiga os desafios enfrentados pelos profissionais das varas de família, infância e juventude, focalizando a falta de assistência do poder público e a precária estrutura das casas de acolhimento. O estudo busca compreender a extensão desses desafios e suas implicações para as famílias e crianças atendidas. Os objetivos são analisar os obstáculos decorrentes da falta de assistência estatal, explorar a inadequação da infraestrutura das casas de acolhimento e propor medidas de melhoria. A metodologia inclui revisão bibliográfica para fundamentar teoricamente a pesquisa, estudos de caso realizados a partir da exposição de pesquisas ulteriores com profissionais e gestores das casas de acolhimento. Espera-se que este estudo contribua para uma melhor compreensão dos problemas enfrentados pelos profissionais do Direito de Família e forneça subsídios para políticas públicas mais eficazes e o aprimoramento das estruturas de acolhimento familiar.
PROGNÓSTICO DE CRIANÇAS SUBMETIDAS À NEFRECTOMIA COM DIAGNÓSTICO DE TUMOR DE WILMS
Authors: Salgado Laira Bueno Stopa , Brandão Gisele Gomes , Silva Camilla Magalhães da , Rodrigues Gabriela Francisco , Santos Junior Glauco Mol
Published: August 2024

O tumor de Wilms é o câncer renal infantil mais comum, com alta taxa de cura, mas também com riscos consideráveis de efeitos a longo prazo. O seu tratamento envolve quimioterapia, cirurgia e, às vezes, radioterapia, com a vincristina e a actinomicina sendo as drogas mais usadas. Tumores em estágios mais avançados podem exigir quimioterápicos adicionais. Cerca de 85% dos pacientes entram em remissão, mas a taxa de recaída é de aproximadamente 15%, e a sobrevivência após a recorrência é de cerca de 50%. Crianças com nefrectomia devido ao tumor de Wilms precisam de monitoramento vitalício da função renal e da pressão arterial, devido ao risco aumentado de doenças cardiovasculares e insuficiência renal crônica. O uso de técnicas cirúrgicas poupadoras de néfrons está sendo investigado para melhorar os resultados a longo prazo, especialmente em casos de tumores bilaterais. Estudos sugerem que a nefrectomia unilateral na infância pode acarretar riscos cardiovasculares elevados após décadas, ressaltando a necessidade de acompanhamento contínuo desses pacientes.
CHIKUNGUNYA: O ENIGMA DA DOR CRÔNICA E SEUS ECOS PERSISTENTES
Authors: Silva Audrea Andressa Canever , Coelho Bianca Sanches Braga , Monteiro Breno Moura , Lima Carine Carvalho Silva , Coutinho Giovanna Cordeiro , Moreira Ícaro Lopes , Barcellos Ivan Lucas Bonizioli , Correa Karina Ferreira Rodrigues , Felix Vinicius Araújo , Pires Vinicíus da Cruz
Published: August 2024

A Chikungunya é uma doença viral transmitida por várias espécies de mosquitos Aedes: Aedes aegypti e Aedes albopictus (A. albopictus), causada por um alfavírus pertencente à família Togaviridae. O vírus Chikungunya (CHIKV) causa uma doença inflamatória musculoesquelética incapacitante em humanos, caracterizada por febre, poliartralgia, mialgia, erupção cutânea e dor de cabeça. Embora a mortalidade seja baixa, uma alta porcentagem de pacientes desenvolve uma fase crônica definida por artrite persistente por meses ou mesmo anos. Uma resposta imune severa é responsável pela inflamação das articulações. A ausência de tratamento específico e a falta de vacina exigem estudos detalhados sobre sua imunopatogênese para determinar o alvo mais apropriado. Esta revisão científica aborda aspectos epidemiológicos, virológicos, clínicos, diagnósticos, tratamentos e estratégias de controle relacionados à chikungunya.
ENTRE A FARDA E O DESESPERO: UM ESTUDO SOBRE O SUICÍDIO DE POLICIAIS
Authors: Cavagnolli Roni , Machado Elsiane
Published: August 2024

O suicídio entre policiais é um problema alarmante que reflete a pressão extrema e o estresse contínuo enfrentados por esses profissionais, revelando as condições adversas da profissão, como exposição constante a risco e violência, decisões rápidas em momentos críticos e a responsabilidade pela segurança pública. A cultura policial muitas vezes desencoraja a busca de ajuda psicológica devido ao estigma associado à vulnerabilidade emocional, levando a sérios problemas de saúde mental, como o estresse, depressão e ansiedade. A falta de apoio adequado tanto no ambiente de trabalho quanto no pessoal pode agravar esses problemas, resultando em suicídio. Este estudo revisa a literatura existente nas plataformas Google Acadêmico e SciELO, identificando fatores de risco associados ao suicídio policial, como exposição à violência, alta responsabilidade, traumas acumulados e falta de apoio psicológico. Além disso, examina estratégias de prevenção eficazes, destacando a importância de programas de bem-estar mental dentro das forças policiais, como treinamentos de resiliência, acesso a serviços de saúde mental e um ambiente de trabalho que promova a abertura sobre saúde mental para a prevenção do suicídio.
LEI DE MIGRAÇÃO: O ACOLHIMENTO HUMANITÁRIO COMO INOVAÇÃO LEGISLATIVA E AVANÇO NA GARANTIA E PROTEÇÃO DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS
Authors: Araujo Isabella Arrais , Nery Vitor Goulart , Gonzaga Alvaro de Azevedo
Published: August 2024

Objetivo deste artigo é analisar a mudança de tratamento jurídico concedido ao migrante com a Lei de Migração (Lei nº 13.445, de 24 de maio de 2017) em comparação com o Estatuto do Estrangeiro (Lei nº 6.815, de 19 de agosto de 1980), em especial a substituição de visão de meramente de segurança nacional e interesses do Estado para uma perspectiva de Direitos Humanos pautado pela proteção da dignidade da pessoa humana. Nesse contexto, o propósito será estudar a previsão legal da acolhida humanitária como uma inovação e avanço inserida na Lei de Migração.
Compound soil and atmospheric drought (CSAD) events and CO2 fluxes of a mixed deciduous forest: the occurrence, impact, and temporal contribution of main drivers
Authors: Scapucci Liliana , Shekhar Ankit , Aranda-Barranco Sergio , Bolshakova Anastasiia , Hörtnagl Lukas , Gharun Mana , Buchmann Nina
Published: August 2024

Abstract. With global warming, forests are increasingly exposed to “compound soil and atmospheric drought” (CSAD) events, characterized by low soil water content (SWC) and high vapour pressure deficit (VPD). Such CSAD events trigger responses in both ecosystem and forest-floor CO2 fluxes, which we know little about. In this study, we used multi-year daily and daytime above-canopy (18 years; 2005–2022) and daily forest-floor (5 years; 2018–2022) eddy covariance CO2 fluxes from a Swiss forest site by the name of CH-Lae (a mixed deciduous montane forest). The objectives were (1) to characterize CSAD events at CH-Lae, (2) to quantify the impact of CSAD events on ecosystem and forest-floor CO2 fluxes, and (3) to identify the major drivers and their temporal contributions to changing ecosystem and forest-floor CO2 fluxes during CSAD events and CSAD growing seasons. Our results showed that the growing seasons of 2015, 2018, and 2022 were the three driest at CH-Lae since 2005 (referred to as the CSAD years), exhibiting similar intensity and duration of the CSAD events but considerably different pre-drought conditions. The CSAD events reduced daily mean net ecosystem productivity (NEP) in all 3 CSAD years by about 38 % compared to the long-term mean, with the highest reduction observed during 2022 (41 %). This reduction in daily mean NEP was largely due to decreased gross primary productivity (GPP; > 16 % below the long-term mean) rather than increased ecosystem respiration (Reco) during CSAD events. Furthermore, forest-floor respiration (Rff) decreased during the CSAD events in 2018 and 2022 (with no measurements in 2015), with a larger reduction in 2022 (41 %) than in 2018 (16 %), relative to the long-term mean (2019–2021). Using data-driven machine learning methods, we identified the major drivers of NEP and Rff during CSAD events. While daytime mean NEP (NEPDT) during the 2015 and 2018 CSAD events was limited by VPD and SWC, respectively, NEPDT during the 2022 CSAD event was strongly limited by both SWC and VPD. Air temperature had negative effects, while net radiation showed positive effects on NEPDT during all CSAD events. Daily mean Rff during the 2018 CSAD event was driven by soil temperature and SWC but was severely limited by SWC during the 2022 CSAD event. We found that a multi-layer analysis of CO2 fluxes in forests is necessary to better understand forest responses to CSAD events, particularly if the first signs of NEP acclimation to CSAD events – evident in our forest – are also found elsewhere. We conclude that CSAD events have multiple drivers with different temporal contributions, making predictions about site-specific CSAD events and long-term forest responses to such conditions more challenging.
South Asian summer monsoon enhanced by the uplift of the Iranian Plateau in Middle Miocene
Authors: Zuo Meng , Sun Yong , Zhao Yan , Ramstein Gilles , Ding Lin , Zhou Tianjun
Published: August 2024

Abstract. The South Asian summer monsoon (SASM) significantly intensified during the Middle Miocene (17–12 Ma), but the driver of this change remains an open question. The uplift of the Himalaya (HM) and the Iranian Plateau (IP) and global CO2 variation are prominent factors among suggested drivers. Particularly, the impact of high CO2 levels on the Miocene SASM has been little studied, despite the wide range of reconstructed CO2 values around this period. Here we investigate their effects on the SASM using the fully coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Global Climate Model, CESM1.2, through a series of 12 sensitivity experiments. Our simulations show that the IP uplift plays a dominant role in the intensification of the SASM, mainly in the region around northwestern India. The effect of the HM uplift is confined to the range of the HM and its vicinity, producing orographic precipitation change. The topography forcing overall out-competes CO2 variation in driving the intensification of the SASM. In the case of extremely strong CO2 variation, the effects of these two factors are comparable in the core SASM region, while in the western region, the topographic forcing is still the dominant driver. We propose a thermodynamical process linking the uplift of the IP and the enhanced SASM through the release of latent heat. When compared with reconstructions, the simulated response of SASM to the IP uplift is in good agreement with observed precipitation and wind field, while the effects of the HM uplift and CO2 variation are inadequate to interpret the proxies.
The importance of moist thermodynamics on neutral buoyancy height for plumes from anthropogenic sources
Authors: Fathi Sepehr , Makar Paul , Gong Wanmin , Zhang Junhua , Hayden Katherine , Gordon Mark
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Plume rise plays a critical role in dispersing pollutants emitted from tall stacks, dictating the height reached by buoyant plumes and their subsequent downwind dispersion. Commonly, plume rise is assumed to be governed by atmospheric stability, the exit momentum and temperature of the effluent released from large stacks. However, an under-recognized influence on plume rise is the effects of entrained and/or co-emitted water, which can change the plume height due to exchange of latent heat associated with phase changes of within-plume water. While many of the stack sources achieve high temperatures of the emitted effluent via combustion, the impact of combustion-generated water on plume rise is often overlooked in large-scale air-quality models. As the rising water condenses or evaporates, it releases or absorbs latent heat, influencing the height reached by the plumes. Our study investigates the effects of latent heat exchange by combustion-generated and entrained water on plume rise. We introduce a novel approach that integrates moist thermodynamics into an empirical parameterization for plume rise, resulting in the development of PRISM (Plume-Rise-Iterative-Stratified-Moist). Long-term (6-month duration) simulations using PRISM exhibit a difference of up to ±100 % in surface concentrations of emitted pollutants near industrial sources compared to previous predictions, emphasizing the substantial influence of moist thermodynamics on plume rise. Our results show up to 50 % improvement in model simulated plume height, through evaluation against aircraft observations over the Canadian Oil Sands. This study pioneers a plume rise sub-grid parameterization integrating moist thermodynamics in iterative calculation of neutral buoyancy height for plumes emitted from industrial stacks, thereby advancing our understanding of plume behaviour and enhancing the accuracy of air-quality modelling. These advancements can potentially contribute to more effective pollution control strategies.
Plastic Waste Recycling in Namibia and its Associated Benefits
Authors: T. P. Mutede,
Published: August 2024

Internationally, several types of research have been conducted on plastic waste: forms, sources, composition, possible effects of inappropriate handling and international best practices of recycling. One issue that is still to be made clear and known is how much and how plastic is recycled in Namibia in order to reduce or eliminate the problem of “plastic landscape‟. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to examine plastic recycling in Namibia with a view to providing answers to policymakers, planners, academics and investors on how plastic can be managed. The paper employed an exploratory qualitative approach to provide answers to the research objectives. The research used face to face semi-structured interviews, document search (articles, journals, environmental organizations reports) and site visits. It was found that the spectrum of plastics (polymers) recycled in the country fell into two main categories; soft and hard which were sourced from different points of generation such as households, commercial businesses, industries and others. Plastic is the most widely used recyclable material. It is freely available in shops, but the most challenging material affecting urban environments where large volumes of plastic were generated. It was further found that total recycling of plastic was done according to the recycling symbol complete loop of recycling: collection, processing, manufacturing and subsequent re-sale of produced goods. The study recommends control of the availability of plastic through charges at the point of sale as well as having a buyback centre for recycling if the problem of the plastic landscape‟ is to be addressed.
Mayasoundex: A Phonetically Grounded Algorithm for Information Retrieval in the Maya Language
Authors: Molina-Villegas Alejandro
Published: August 2024

This paper introduces Mayasoundex, a phonetically grounded algorithm tailored for information retrieval in the Maya language. Mayasoundex utilizes phonetic principles to generate consistent codes for words with similar sounds, promoting phonetic similarity in information retrieval tasks. Drawing upon the distinctive phonological characteristics of the Maya language, the algorithm offers a robust approach to indexing and searching linguistic data. The proposed method addresses challenges posed by the oral tradition and the recent adoption of Latin characters in Maya writing, providing a versatile solution for preserving and promoting the Maya language through advanced information retrieval technologies. The Mayasoundex algorithm is made publicly accessible through a Colab Notebook, facilitating broader utilization and fostering future developments in this field.
Voices of Latin America: A low-resource TTS system for multiple accents
Authors: Quispe-Pinares Jefferson
Published: August 2024

In this article, we present the implementation of a low-resource Text-to-Speech (TTS) system with accents from various regions in Latin America. We evaluate different sources of databases such as freely accessible corpora, synthetic data, crowdsourcing, and audio recordings made in a professional studio by ourselves. We adopt the Cross-Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISPDM) methodology for the development lifecycle of different models. The performance results of the TTS are represented by metrics such as Word Error Rate (WER) and Comparative Mean Opinion Score (CMOS) with interesting results like CMOS: Spanish:-1.13, Colombian:0.34, Mexican:-0.23. WER: Spanish: 15.54, Colombian: 15.65, Mexican: 16.1. Additionally, metrics are proposed to evaluate its performance in a conversational agent.
Inferior mesenteric artery embolization for postpartum hemorrhage due to vaginal lacerations: A case report
Authors:   Department of Radiology, Akita City Hospital 4-30 Kawamoto Akita City, Akita 010-0933, Japan, Hashimoto Manabu
Published: August 2024

Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH) is a major cause of maternal mortality. We report a case of a patient with PPH due to vaginal lacerations, where the Inferior Mesenteric Artery (IMA) was the source of bleeding. The 31-year-old woman was transferred to our hospital because of vaginal bleeding 4 hours after a normal vaginal delivery. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed contrast extravasation from the right posterior vaginal wall. Angiography revealed an abnormal stain
Beyond malaria: A rare case of Tardive dyskinesia-like syndrome in antimalaria therapy
Authors:   One Brooklyn Health, Brooklyn, NY, USA., C Ezema Evaristus
Published: August 2024

Tardive dyskinesia is an involuntary and iatrogenic hyperkinetic movement disorder triggered by the use of dopamine receptor antagonists or partial agonists. It significantly impacts and profoundly burdens the physical, psychosocial, and overall quality of life. Tardive dyskinesia is seen among those using antipsychotic medications and dopamine receptor-blocking medications
ON THE SEMANTIC-MOTIVATIONAL ASPECT OF THE NAMES OF SNOW WITH STEM KYR- IN THE YAKUT LANGUAGE
Authors: Николаев Е.Р.
Published: August 2024

В статье рассматриваются мотивирующие признаки семантики общеякутских и диалектных названий снега с основой кыр- в якутском языке. Исследования в области номинации природных явлений актуальны в связи с интересом тюркологов и исследователей якутского языка к проблемам устройства тематических и лексикосемантических групп тюркских языков, в том числе и якутского языка. Также изучение названий снега приобрело актуальность во внелингвистическом отношении, в связи с необходимостью разработки связанного с понятиями холода, вечной мерзлоты и снега языкового фона бренда Республики Саха-Якутия. В процессе работы над статьей использованы методы описательного, семантического анализов. Наименования снега ранее не подвергались системному и целенаправленному изучению. Имеются отдельные статьи Ф. Н. Дьячковского, В. Г. Попова, Ю. В. Норманской, Л. С. Левитской, С. А. Иванова, Е. Р. Николаева и других ученых, посвященные данной тематике. В статье определены принципы номинации, которые раскрывают основные мотивирующие признаки названий снега с основой кыр-. Они обозначают одновременно и размер снега - мелкий, мелкозернистый и указывают на такой признак, как слой снега, - тонкий. Дефиниции якутских названий снега указывают на густоту такого снега в зависимости от определяющего слова (уут кыраhа, квMYKкыраhа и т. д.). Результатом исследования является то, что формальная сторона реконструкции семантики слова более прозрачна, чем семантическая сторона.

The article considers motivational features of the semantics of common Yakut and dialect names of snow with stem kyr- in the Yakut language. Research in the field of nomination of natural phenomena is relevant due to the interest of Turkologists and researchers of the Yakut language in the problems of the structure of thematic and lexico-semantic groups of Turkic languages, including the Yakut language. Besides, the study of the names of snow has become relevant in a non-linguistic sense due to the need to develop a linguistic background of the brand of the Republic of Sakha-Yakutia related to the concepts of cold, permafrost and snow. In the process of working on the article, methods of descriptive and semantic analysis were used. The names of snow have not previously been subjected to the systematic and purposeful study. There are certain articles by F. N. Dyachkovsky, V. G. Popov, Yu. V. Normanskaya, L. S. Levitskaya, S. A. Ivanov, E. R. Nikolaev and other scientists devoted to this topic. The article defines the principles of nomination, which reveal the main motivational features of the names of snow with stem kyr-. They indicate at the same time the size of the snow - fine, fine-grained, and indicate such a feature as a layer of snow - thin. Definitions of the Yakut names of snow indicate the density of such snow depending on the defining word (uutkyrakha, komukkyrakha, etc.). The result of the study is that the formal side of the reconstruction of the semantics of the word is more transparent than the semantic side.
MORAL-ETHICAL AND AESTHETIC IDEALS OF THE PEOPLE IN EPIC NARRATIVE OF FAIRY TALES RECORDED BY N. F. KATANOV (1889-1892)
Authors: Кошелева А.Л.
Published: August 2024

Предметом нашего исследования стали сказки, записанные Н. Ф. Катановым в указанный период и принадлежащие народностям Присаянья. Это в основном хакасские роды сагайцев, качинцев, бельтыров, койбалов, проживающих в Абаканской долине Минусинского округа Енисейской губернии. Сказки, собранные Н. Ф. Катановым, - это народные произведения, названные самим Катановым «народной литературой», основанные на архаических явлениях духовной культуры народа, его содержательных и ярких фантастических универсалиях. В современной фольклористике - это один из инновационных векторов исследования, являющийся также свидетельством непреходящей значимости творческого наследия величайшего филолога-тюрколога и фольклориста.

The subject of our research is fairy tales recorded by N. F. Katanov during the specified period and belonging to the peoples of the Sayan Region. They are mainly Khakass kins of the Sagaians, Kachins, Beltyrs, Koibals living in the Abakan Valley of the Minusinsk District of the Yenisei Governorate. The fairy tales collected by N. F. Katanov are folk works, called by Katanov himself "folk literature", and which are based on archaic phenomena of the spiritual culture of the people, their meaningful and vivid fantastic universals. In modern folklore studies, it is one of the innovative vectors of research, which is also evidence of the enduring significance of the creative heritage of the greatest philologist- turkologist and folklorist.
The Impact of Smart Buildings on Optimizing Energy Consumption and Preventing Energy Loss
Authors: Elahe Shiri
Published: August 2024

Optimizing energy consumption becomes crucial as the Earth's available resources for its inhabitants are limited and depleting. Therefore, efforts to provide solutions for smart building implementation are essential. This paper aims to offer strategies for incorporating smart technologies in buildings to optimize energy consumption. The necessity of this endeavor arises from the limited and depleting resources on Earth. The objective of this study is to examine the impact of smart buildings on optimizing energy consumption and preventing energy loss.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52783/pst.737
Effect of Vitamin C on Cancer Process
Authors: Abdo Mahmoud Hemdan Omnia , Girgin Gözde , Baydar Terken
Published: August 2024

The diverse roles of vitamin C in combatting cancer through its antioxidative and pro-oxidative properties, as well as its immune-boosting functions, are significant. Vitamin C acts as a cofactor for oxygenase enzymes containing iron or copper, aiding in two key processes: firstly, the stimulation of reactive oxygen species production, which selectively targets cancer cells, and secondly, the regulation of cellular metabolism and epigenetic processes involving DNA and histone demethylases, thereby diminishing tumorigenesis. Although various studies highlight the potential effectiveness of vitamin C against different cancer types in laboratory and animal studies, both as a standalone treatment and in combination with traditional chemotherapy and radiation, its role in clinical or non-clinical human studies remains unclear and contentious. Recent papers of randomized clinical trials or observational studies have not yielded conclusive evidence supporting vitamin C’s clinical efficacy in cancer treatment or prevention. In this review, vitamin C usage and its efficacy in cancer therapy approaches have been focused and discussed. In conclusion, it may be speculated that these complexities highlight the need for larger, high-quality randomized clinical trials to provide more definitive understanding of vitamin C’s anticancer potential and to establish appropriate clinical recommendations.
الأحكام الفقهية المستنبطة من أحاديث الأحكام من كتاب "فتح الغفّار" أحاديث البغي من كتاب الحدود "
Authors: محمد سيف هلال النقبي سيف
Published: August 2024

يقول النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم: "من يُرِد الله به خيراً يُفقّه في الدين"، فالفقه الإسلامي من أشرف الفنون وأوسعها، ويزدان تشريفاً إذا ارتبط مباشرة بحديث خير البشرية صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم، لذا دأَبَ العلماء على التصنيف والتنويع والإبداع، فجاء كتاب "فتح الغفار" للإمام الرباعي موسوعة ومختتماً في بابه، لذا جاء هذا البحث لإضفاء الضوء عليه، باختيار أحاديث البغي من كتاب الحدود، الذي جعل الله فيه حفظاً للحقوق ودرءاً للفتن والمصائب، ودراسة مسائلها المستنبطة فقهياً مقارنة بالمذاهب الأربعة ثم بقانون الجرائم والعقوبات الإماراتي.
تحديد أهم العوامل المؤثرة في الإصابة بسوء التغذية وسط الأطفال باستخدام التحليل التمييزي الخطي راسة حالة مستشفى محمد الأمين حامد – بولاية الخرطوم -خلال العام 2022م
Authors: الزين بابكر مصطفي أنور , عبد الله حمد النيل محمد
Published: August 2024

يعتبر مرض سوء التغذية من اكثر الامراض المسببة للوفاة وسط الأطفال بالسودان و لذلك كان لابد من تحديد العوامل المؤثرة في تصنيف الاصابة وعدم الإصابة بالمرض وسط الأطفال بولاية الخرطوم ، هدفت الدراسة الي : معرفة اهم العوامل التي تؤثر علي تصنيف الإصابة أوعدم الإصابة بسوء التغذية وسط الأطفال بولاية الخرطوم ، تحديد كفاءة نموذج الدالة التمييزية الخطية في تصنيف الاصابة وعدم الإصابة بسوء التغذية ، اتبعت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي تمثل الجانب الوصفي في إيجاد الإحصاءات الوصفية للمتغيرات التي يمكن ان تؤدي الي الإصابة وعدم الاصابة بسوء التغذية ، فيما تمثل الجانب التحليلي في بناء النموذج الرياضي وتقدير معالمه ومعنوية مقدراته ودقة تنبؤاتها ،اعتمدت الدراسة على بيانات ثانوية لعدد 100 طفل مصاب و100 طفل غير مصاب من داخل مستشفى محمد الأمين حامد بولاية الخرطوم
الفَرْعُ المتردِّدُ بينَ أَصْلَين وتطبيقاته في الأعيان والعقود
Authors: بن عبد العزيز آل فوّاز التميمي عبد الرحمن
Published: August 2024

الفرع المتردد بين أصلين : كل فرع دار بين أصلين شرعيين، يقتضي الشرع إلحاقه بكل واحد منهما، من حيث النظر إليه، وقد جرى عمل الفقهاء على أنه متى كان الفرع مختصا بأصل واحد أجري على ذلك الأصل من غير خلاف، ومتى دار بين أصلين، أو أصول وقع الخلاف بين العلماء في تغليب أحد الأصلين، أو الأصول على الآخر.
Total hip arthroplasty for sequelae of childhood hip disorders: Current review of management to achieve hip centre restoration
Authors: Oommen Anil Thomas
Published: August 2024

Adults requiring total hip arthroplasty (THA) for childhood disorder sequelae present with shortening, limp, pain, and altered gait. THA, which can be particularly challenging due to altered anatomy, requires careful planning, assessment, and computed tomography evaluation. Preoperative templating is essential to establish the appropriate acetabular and femoral size. Information regarding neck length and offset is needed to ensure the proper options are available at THA. Hip centre restoration must be planned preoperatively and achieved intraoperatively with appropriate exposure, identification, and stable fixation with optimum-size components. Identifying the actual acetabular floor is essential as changes include altered anatomy, distortion of the margins and version changes. Proximal femur changes include anatomical variation, decreased canal diameter, cortical thickness, changes in anteversion, and metaphyseal and diaphyseal mismatch. Preoperative assessment should consist of limb assessment for variations due to prior surgical procedures. Evaluation of the shortening pattern with the relationship of the lesser trochanter to the teardrop would help identify and plan for subtrochanteric shortening osteotomy, especially in high-riding hips. The surgical approach must ensure adequate exposure and soft tissue release to achieve restoration of the anatomical hip centre. The femoral components may require modularity to enable restoration of anteversion and optimum fixation.
Factors that influence the results of indirect decompression employing oblique lumbar interbody fusion
Authors: Bokov Andrey E , Kalinina Svetlana Y , Khaltyrov Mingiyan I , Saifullin Alexandr P , Bulkin Anatoliy A
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Indirect decompression is one of the potential benefits of anterior reconstruction in patients with spinal stenosis. On the other hand, the reported rate of revision surgery after indirect decompression highlights the necessity of working out prediction models for the radiographic results of indirect decompression with assessing their clinical relevance.

AIM

To assess factors that influence radiographic and clinical results of the indirect decompression in patients with stenosis of the lumbar spine.

METHODS

This study is a single-center cross-sectional evaluation of 80 consecutive patients (17 males and 63 females) with lumbar spinal stenosis combined with the instability of the lumbar spinal segment. Patients underwent single level or bisegmental spinal instrumentation employing oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) with percutaneous pedicle screw fixation. Radiographic results of the indirect decompression were assessed using computerized tomography, while MacNab scale was used to assess clinical results.

RESULTS

After indirect decompression employing anterior reconstruction using OLIF, the statistically significant increase in the disc space height, vertebral canal square, right and left lateral canal depth were detected (Р < 0.0001). The median (M ) relative vertebral canal square increase came to М = 24.5% with 25%-75% quartile border (16.3%; 33.3%) if indirect decompression was achieved by restoration of the segment height. In patients with the reduction of the upper vertebrae slip, the median of the relative increase in vertebral canal square accounted for 49.5% with 25%-75% quartile border (2.35; 99.75). Six out of 80 patients (7.5%) presented with unsatisfactory results because of residual nerve root compression. The critical values for lateral recess depth and vertebral canal square that were associated with indirect decompression failure were 3 mm and 80 mm2 respectively.

CONCLUSION

Indirect decompression employing anterior reconstruction is achieved by the increase in disc height along the posterior boarder and reduction of the slipped vertebrae in patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis. Vertebral canal square below 80 mm2 and lateral recess depth less than 3 mm are associated with indirect decompression failures that require direct microsurgical decompression.
Physicochemical profile of cream and derivatives obtained from mozzarella and prato cheese whey
Authors: BORGES Wemerson , SANTOS Givanildo de Oliveira , MEDEIROS Jéssica Silva , FERNANDES Patrick Bezerra , SILVA João Antônio , LEÃO Paulo Victor Toledo , MORAES Ruthele , SILVA Wanderson Rodrigues da , CAGNIN Caroline , NICOLAU Edmar Soares , SILVA Marco Antônio Pereira da
Published: August 2024

Whey is an industrial residue obtained from the production of various cheeses and has the potential to be incorporated into other dairy products. Thus, the objective of the study was to promote whey skimming and standardization and to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics and color parameters of cream, regular butter, buttermilk, and clarified butter produced from whey resulting from the processing of mozzarella and prato cheese. Whey from the processing of mozzarella and prato cheese was skimmed and used for the production of regular butter and clarified butter. The physicochemical parameters and color parameters of whole and skimmed whey, regular and clarified butter, and buttermilk were analyzed. It was observed that whole whey from mozzarella processing had a higher fat proportion compared to prato cheese whey. It was possible to homogenize the whey samples considering the physicochemical parameters. The cream from whey, regardless of whether it resulted from mozzarella or prato cheese whey, only showed differences in color content, which was also the main difference between buttermilk and the regular and clarified butters obtained in this study. The similarities in the physicochemical parameters of regular and clarified butter suggest that these dairy products can be used in whey reutilization.
Organic fertilization increases yield and affects the postharvest quality of Nopalea cochenillifera cladodes
Authors: COSTA Franciscleudo Bezerra da , SILVA Toshik Iarley da , SILVA Ismarques da Costa , CRUZ Renata Ranielly Pedroza , FORMIGA Anderson dos Santos , SILVA Marcio Santos da , SALES Giuliana Naiara Barros , LIRA Renato Pereira de , QUEIROGA Roberto Cleiton Fernandes de , ALMEIDA Fernandes Antonio de
Published: August 2024

Organic fertilization can promote greater production of cladodes as well as increase phytomass production and the quality and content of bioactive compounds. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the sources and doses of organic fertilizer on the production and quality of forage palm cladodes. A completely randomized experimental design in a 3 × 3 factorial scheme with five replications was used. Three sources of organic fertilizer (chicken manure, cattle manure, and goat manure) and three concentrations of each source (0, 10, and 20%) were studied. Cladodes fresh mass, pH, soluble solids, titratable acidity, soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio, ascorbic acid, chlorophyll, carotenoids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and anthocyanins were evaluated. Palm cladodes fertilized with 20% chicken manure produce the highest biomass, while cladodes fertilized with 10% chicken manure have the highest palatability and content of bioactive compounds. Thus, fertilization with 10% chicken manure is the most promising and economically viable way to increase the production and quality of palm cladodes. The research demonstrated that fertilization with chicken, cattle, and goat manure increases the productivity, nutritional quality, and palatability of the cladodes intended for human consumption, providing a sustainable and healthy alternative for the region.
Pengaruh Model PQ4R (Preview, Question, Read, Reflect, Recite, Review) Berbasis Media Koran Digital dalam Kemampuan Membaca Pemahaman
Authors: Sugianto Nur Isnaini Febrianti , Sutri Sutri , Suprihatin Dewi
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh model pembelajaran PQ4R (Preview, Question, Read, Reflect, Recite, Review) berbasis media koran digital terhadap keterampilan membaca pemahaman siswa kelas VIII di SMP Budi Mulia Telukjambe Karawang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi-eksperimen dengan desain non-equivalent control group. Penelitian ini melibatkan dua kelas: kelas VIII B sebagai kelas eksperimen yang menerapkan model PQ4R dan kelas VIII C sebagai kelas kontrol yang menggunakan metode konvensional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model PQ4R secara signifikan meningkatkan keterampilan membaca pemahaman siswa dibandingkan dengan metode konvensional. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh peningkatan rata-rata hasil belajar siswa di kelas eksperimen yang melebihi Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM). Model PQ4R terbukti efektif dalam membuat siswa lebih tertarik dan termotivasi dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia, sehingga dapat meningkatkan pemahaman mereka terhadap materi yang diajarkan. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi bagi guru dalam memilih metode pembelajaran yang lebih efektif untuk meningkatkan keterampilan membaca pemahaman siswa.
Pengembangan Prototipe Media Pembelajaran Berbicara Berbasis Virtual Reality
Authors: Muzaki Helmi
Published: August 2024

Berbicara adalah salah satu keterampilan yang harus dikuasai oleh mahasiswa. Dalam perkuliahan, mahasiswa biasanya mempresentasikan hasil kerjanya di depan kelas.  Namun, bagi sebagian mahasiswa berbicara di depan kelas seringkali menimbulkan kecemasan, mereka merasa malu, takut atau kurang percaya diri. Kecemasan dan ketakutan dapat menurunkan kualitas berbicara mahasiswa misalnya pada saat presentasi atau pidato. Salah satu upaya mengatasi kecemasan dan ketakutan berbicara adalah dengan melakukan latihan dengan menggunakan media video Virtual Reality (VR). Dengan menggunakan media video VR, mahasiswa dapat berlatih berbicara seolah-olah sedang berbicara di depan kelas. Selain itu, penggunaan VR juga dapat mengurangi kecemasan berbahasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan prototipe media pembelajaran berbicara berbasis VR. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengembangan 4D yaitu define, design, develop, dan disseminate. Hasil penelitian ini berupa prototipe media pembelajaran berbicara berbasis VR. Prototipe media yang dikembangkan dapat dioperasikan dengan menggunakan HP Android. Pada saat menggunakan media ini, pengguna merasa sedang berada di hadapan audiens sehingga cocok digunakan untuk melatih keterampilan berbicara khususnya bagi mahasiswa yang kurang percaya diri pada saat berbicara. Berdasarkan hasil validasi produk, secara umum prototipe media pembelajaran berbicara berbasis virtual reality termasuk dalam kategori layak.
Decarbonizing Food Systems through International Food Trade and Post-production Management
Authors: Takemoto Akio , Maruyama Mei , Korwatanasakul Upalat
Published: August 2024

Caribbean small island developing states (SIDS) rely heavily on imported fossil fuels, leaving them vulnerable to unpredictable shifts in global fuel prices and supply disruptions. The region possesses abundant renewable energy resources including solar, wind, hydro, tidal and geothermal. However, the transition to renewable energy has been slow. This policy brief proposes solutions to aid Caribbean SIDS in accelerating their transition to renewable energy. Recommendations: • Enhance knowledge and understanding of renewable energy through public education campaigns. • Issue thematic corporate bonds to bridge the financing gap for transitioning to renewable energy. • Establish a stable regulatory framework for the disposal or recycling of solar panels to increase confidence among investors and consumers.
Potential Drug Interactions in Patients with Type II Diabetes and Concomitant Hypertension in Mangusada Hospital Badung
Authors: Kurnianta Putu Dian Marani , Kurniawan Oni , Prasetya Anak Agung Ngurah Putra Riana
Published: August 2024

Patients with type II diabetes may experience complications such as hypertension of which the incidence is quite high in Indonesia, including Bali. Management of both conditions usually involves antidiabetic and antihypertensive agents simultaneously. This study aimed to calculate the incidence of potential drug interactions in patients with type II diabetes and concomitant hypertension at the Mangusada Hospital Badung. This study was conducted under observational cross-sectional design during September 2022-August 2023. Inclusion criteria were type II diabetes outpatients with hypertension aged ≥18 years receiving not less than two types of medication and had medical record data available during the period of year 2022. The results showed that of the 68 patient’s medical records, female patients were dominating (52.94%). Meanwhile, the largest age group was >65 years (55.88%). The most frequent number of potential drug interactions were metformin and amlodipine with 43 cases (63.23%) among the total incidence in all patients being 66.17%. The most common interaction mechanisms were pharmacodynamics (63.23%) and moderate severity level (66.17%). These findings may contribute for improving patient care through the collaborative role of health practicioners, as well as developing prospective research on the aspect of actual drug interactions and relevant treatments in the future.
Comparison of Antibacterial Activity of Javanese Ginseng Leaf, Stem, Rhizome Extract (Talinum paniculatum G.) Against Bacteria Bacillus cereus
Authors: Citra  , Nafiri Fany Wahyu , Irawati Nurul , Sadiyah Lailatus
Published: August 2024

The Javanese ginseng plant (Talinum paniculatum G.) is a plant that can be used as a traditional medicine. The leaves, stems and rhizomes of Javanese ginseng (Talinum paniculatum G.) contain saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids and phenolic compounds where these metabolite compounds can have the potential to be antibacterial by conducting antibacterial activity tests using the inhibition zone method. The purpose of this study is to determine the ability of Javanese ginseng leaf, stem, and rhizome extracts in inhibiting the growth of Bacillus cereus. The extraction method used is a percolation method with 96% ethanol solvent. In this study, 4 different concentrations were used, namely 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. Based on the results of the antibacterial activity test of Javanese ginseng leaf, stem, and rhizome extracts against Bacillus cereus  bacteria, the highest average value was obtained in the leaf part, which was 5.66 mm at a concentration of 75% and 5.7 mm at a concentration of 100%, the stem part had the highest average value of 2.24 mm at a concentration of 75% and the rhizome part had the highest average value obtained which was 2.2 mm at a concentration of 50%.
Overview of Self-Medication Use of Analgesics at Apotek Seger Waras Tidar
Authors: Siswidiasari Arifani , Priyono Tri Doso Sapto Agus , Ulfa Ninik Mas , Wati Heni , Nurmawati Dian
Published: August 2024

Analgesics are a type of medication used to manage pain. The purpose of this study is to describe the use of Analgesic medications through self-medication at Apotek Seger Waras Tidar. The study was conducted at Apotek Seger Waras Tidar qualitatively observational using purposive sampling with a total of 68 respondents. Data analysis was descriptive using the percentage of each question in the questionnaire medication use Analgetik. The results showed that the majority of respondents were female 60.3%, aged 18-25 years 41.2%, with high school education 63.2%, and housewives 23.5%. The most commonly used analgesics were Ibuprofen 26.5%, Mefenamic Acid 20.6%, Diclofenac Sodium 19.1%, Meloxicam 14.7%, Ketorolac 11.8%, Diclofenac Potassium 4.4%, and Piroxicam 2.9%. According to the questionnaire, all respondents had used analgesics 100%, with 51.5% using them 1-5 times per month, 54.4% purchasing them from pharmacies within the last month, and 41.2% obtaining information from family or friends. Additionally, 80.9% always read the medication leaflet, with 63.2% understanding only part of it, and 86.8% purchasing their medication from pharmacies. The most common condition treated was toothache 35.3%, with 67.6% reporting reduced pain or complete relief. If the pain did not subside, 70.6% of respondents would visit a doctor. No side effects were reported by 83.8% of respondents, and 77.9% would stop using the medication and consult a doctor if side effects occurred. Conclusion: analgesics are used 1-5 times per month primarily for toothache, with the effect being reduced pain or complete relief.
Rezension von: Brunotte, Alexander u.a. (Hrsg.), 200 Jahre Korntal – eine pietistische Gemeindegründung und ihr Umfeld
Authors: Waibel Raimund , Brunotte Alexander
Published: August 2024

Alexander Brunotte / Sigrid Hirbodian (Hg): 200 Jahre Korntal – eine pietistische Gemeindegründung und ihr Umfeld. Tübinger Bausteine zur Landesgeschichte 30. Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Ostfildern 2023. 352 Seiten mit zahlr. Abb. Hardcover 25 €. ISBN 978-3-7995-5530-2
Rezension von: Eisler, Jakob; Gräf, Ulrich, Die historischen Friedhöfe der Tempelgesellschaft
Authors: Setzler Wilfried , Eisler Jakob , Gräf Ulrich
Published: August 2024

Jakob Eisler und Ulrich Gräf: Der historische Friedhof der Tempelgesellschaft in Jerusalem (Bd. 1), in Haifa (Bd. 2). Begräbnisstätten der Templer in Palästina bis zum 2. Weltkrieg, / The historic cemetry of the Temple Society in Jerusalem and in Haifa (zweisprachig deutsch/englisch). Hg. vom Landeskirchlichen Archiv in Stuttgart und vom Verein für württembergische Kirchengeschichte. Stuttgart 2023. 2 Bände, zusammen 780 Seiten. Hardcover 105 € (Direktbestellung beim Verein für württembergische Kirchengeschichte 79 €). ISBN 978-3-944051-23-9 und 978-3-944051-24-6 (Bd. 2)
Rezension von: LandFrauenverband Württemberg-Baden (Hrsg.), LandFrauen 75 Jahre
Authors: Langguth Sabine , LandFrauenverband Württemberg-Baden
Published: August 2024

LandFrauen – 75 Jahre – gemeinsam Zukunft gestalten Hg. vom LandFrauenverband Württemberg-Baden e. V. Stuttgart 2023. 147 Seiten mit zahlr. Abb. Hardcover 8 € zzgl. Versandkosten (Bezug über www.landfrauen-bw.de)
Rezension von: Wegner, Tjark, Handlungswissen, Kommunikation und Netzwerke
Authors: Florian Christoph , Wegner Tjark
Published: August 2024

Tjark Wegner: Handlungswissen, Kommunikation und Netzwerke. Der Ulmer Rat im Konflikt mit geistlichen Einrichtungen (1376–1531) Schriften zur Südwestdeutschen Landeskunde 84. Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Ostfildern 2023. 580 Seiten. Hardcover 64,00 €. ISBN 978-3-7995-5284-4
Ultrasound findings in pregnancies affected by placental perivillous fibrin deposition: A case series
Authors: Garcia Olivia , Kase Benjamin , Harrison Rachel , Holmgren Calla
Published: August 2024

Introduction: This article presents unique ultrasound findings in patients with perivillous fibrin deposition on placental pathology. Massive perivillous fibrin deposition (MPVFD), characterized by excessive deposition of fibrinoid material in the placenta, is a rare finding on pathologic investigation and has been associated with gestational morbidity and mortality.

Case Series: We present three cases with abnormal prenatal ultrasound findings that were formally diagnosed with excessive perivillous fibrin deposition by postnatal pathologic specimen review. Cases 1 and 2 are of the same patient following subsequent pregnancies. The first pregnancy resulted in new fetal growth restriction, necessitating delivery at 34 weeks. The second pregnancy then warranted close sonographic monitoring. This pregnancy was overall uncomplicated until placental cysts appeared at 31 weeks. She had antenatal testing until her planned delivery at 37 weeks. Placental abnormality was noted at 24 weeks in the third case. She ultimately was delivered at 35 weeks with fetal growth restriction, non-reassuring fetal status, and preeclampsia with severe features.

Conclusion: Placental perivillous fibrin deposition is clinically significant given risks for fetal growth restriction and preterm delivery for fetal indications. Therefore, when ultrasound findings are suggestive of this pathology, the obstetrician should be prompted to increase surveillance of the given pregnancy.
Implementation Of A Combination Of Stream Cipher Algorithm And Rotate 13 For Data Security
Authors: Mukrozi Ikhsan Tri , Sapri Sapri , Akbar Abdussalam Al
Published: August 2024

The issue of data security and confidentiality is one of the important aspects of data, messages and information. Stream Cipher is often referred to as a stream cipher. The advantage of this method is that it is relatively faster in the encryption-decryption process and is also not limited by the length of the plaintext. ROT13 is a substitution cipher encryption by shifting characters forward 13 times, counting 1 character in front of it, and shifting characters based on the order of characters in the ASCII table. By combining the Stream Cipher and ROT13 algorithms, it produces a method that can provide a better level of security compared to the application of each of these methods separately. The results of the analysis and testing carried out using different decryption keys resulted in the ciphertext cannot be returned which shows normal things because the method used is symmetrical cryptography so that the decryption process can only be done using the same key as the key during decryption.