bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of season, breed and age on the boar sperm quality: 2. The extended sperm
Authors: Stancic Blagoje , Gagrcin Mladen , Radovic Ivan
Published: September 2009

Total of 182 ejaculates were extended in 1:4 proportions and investigated for progressive motility (PM) ratio, after 24h and 72h of storage at +170C. The boars of Yorkshire, Landrace, Duroc, Hempshire and Pietrain pure breeds and F1-crossbreeds were divided according to age as: ?12, 13-18, 19-24 and ?25 months. Extended sperm samples were investigated within 4 seasons of year January-March, April-June, July-September and October-December. The PM ?65% was estimated in 60% of ejaculates after 24h and in 25% ejaculates after 72h preservation in vitro. Some differences in progressive motility, influenced by season, breed and age of boars, were established. Present results are preliminary and require further investigations.
The effect of linseed pufa n-3 and probiotics on fatty acid composition and cholesterol level in Longissimus dorsi muscle of fatteners
Authors: Barowicz T. , Migdał W. , Pieszka M. , Zivkovic Branislav
Published: September 2009

The experiment involved 24 Polish Landrace gilts, divided into 2 groups, and fed from 70 to 100 kg b.w. with a complete mixture containing 15% full fat flax with or without 0.35% probiotic (Acid Pack 4 Way). The experiment concluded with slaughtering, and dissection, meat of Longissimus dorsi muscle was sampled to determine fatty acids composition and total cholesterol content. The supplement was observed to have no effect on fattening, slaughter and physicochemical traits of meat. The probiotic supplement did not significantly affect the composition of fatty acids in Longissimus dorsi muscle. Total cholesterol level was observed to decrease from 61.3 to 55.5 mg/100 g fresh tissue. There were significant differences between HDL increases and LDL decreases in blood serum of the probiotic supplemented animals (P?0.01).
Influence of feeding type on production results of fattening lambs
Authors: Cmiljanic Ratimir , Zujovic Miroslav , Trenkovski Snezana , Pavlovski Zlatica
Published: September 2009

Investigations were carried out on five private farms in the region of Stara Planina Mount, Dimitrovgrad municipality. The influence of the feeding type on production results of fattening lambs was investigated during the trial. Lambs obtained by crossing between Pirot Pramenka and Wurttenberg were used for investigations. Two feeding systems were investigated: extensive and semi-intensive. On three private farms extensive system of feeding was applied. In the extensive system of feeding lambs sucked milk during first fifteen days. After this period lambs were fed hay and grain mixture (barley, oats and wheat) ad libitum. Fattening period lasted to the age of 90 days. On two private farms semi-intensive feeding system was applied. In the semi-intensive system of feeding lambs sucked milk during first fifteen days, and next fifteen days they were fed concentrate-complete starter mixture and hay ad libitum. After this period lambs were fed hay and grain mixture (barley, oats and wheat) ad libitum. Fattening period lasted to the age of 75 days. During trial we have monitored gain of body mass and feed consumption (hay and concentrate). The highest average body weight gain (299 g) during all period of fattening was registered in lambs in semi-intensive feeding system. Average daily body weight gain in lambs on extensive feeding system was 251 g in relation to semi-intensive feeding system where it was lower by 19, 12%. Lambs in semi-intensive feeding system achieved final body weight (25, 25 kg) for 75 days of fattening (1-75 days) while lambs in extensive feeding system had similar final body weight (25, 65 kg) in the age of 90 days, what means that they needed 15 days more to achieve similar final body weight. Lambs in semi-intensive feeding system consumed 15, 09% hay less and 10, 94% less concentrate for unit of gain in comparison with lambs in extensive feeding system.
Zur wirtschaftlichkeit der schafhaltung
Authors: Kohn R.
Published: September 2009

(nemacki) Schafe z?hlen zu den ?ltesten Nutztieren ?berhaupt. Als Wiederkauer sind sie f?r die Verwertung von Futter mit geringer N?hrstoffkonzentration besonders geeignet. Ihre Haltung ist vor allem auf solchen Fl?chen von Vorteil, auf denen aus Gr?nden der Bodenfruchtbarkeit, der Flachenbeschaffenheit oder des Klimas der Anbau von Marktfr?chten weniger wirtschaftlich ist. Gegen?ber dem Rind sind insbesondere folgende Vorz?ge der Haltung von Schafen herauszustellen: - die Standortunabh?ngigkeit durch die hohe Marschf?higkeit ( Wander - schaferei ), - die Verwertung von Futter auf Trockenrasen, Hutungen, Gebirgswiesen, Weidelandschaften, Moorwiesen, Wegr?ndern, Splittergrasfl?chen, Deichen ( Landschaftspflege ), - die Aufnahme und Verwertung von Ernter?ckst?nden auf dem Acker ( Nutzung von absolutem Schaffutter), - der eine dichte Grasnarbe f?rdernde Verbi? und der bodenfestigende Tritt mit besonders g?nstiger Wirkung beim K?stenschutz ( Deichschaferei ) und - der K?lteschutz durch die Wolle. Bestand die wirtschaftliche Bedeutung der Schafhaltung in Deutschland in der Vergangenheit neben dem Fleisch und der Milch hauptsachlich in der Erzeugung und Nutzung der Wolle, so stehen gegenw?rtig die Lammfleischerzeugung und die Landschaftspflege mit Schafen eindeutig im Vordergrund. Ausgehend von der Tatsache, dass der Umfang der landespflegerisch zu nutzenden Flachen gr??er wird und der Selbstversorgungsgrad mit Schaf- und Ziegenfleisch in Deutschland bei nur rund 50 % liegt, ist nach wie vor von einer hohen volkswirtschaftlichen Bedeutung der Schafhaltung auszugehen. Die Wirtschaftlichkeit der Schafhaltung wird sowohl von den nat?rlichen und ?konomischen Rahmenbedingungen als auch vom tierischen Leistungspotential und dem Herden -und Betriebsmanagement bestimmt. Zur Beurteilung der wirtschaftlichen Situation wurde die Schafhaltung in vier Betrieben in Sachsen / Anhalt analysiert. Die Betriebe stellen sich wie folgt dar:.
Effect of spice extracts in combination with packaging materials and treatments on the stability of ground buffalo meat product stored under frozen conditions
Authors: Kenawi M.A. , Abdel-Aal H.A. , Latif S.S.
Published: September 2009

Proximate analysis, expressible water(EP), water holding capacity (WHC), pH value, total acidity, free fatty acids (FFA), thiobarbituric acid values (TBA), color evaluation, and microbiological examination were determined in order to evaluate the effect of spice extracts in combination with packaging materials and treatments on the stability of ground buffalo meat product stored under frozen conditions up to six months. The samples were treated by spice extracts and packaged in two packaging materials low density polyethylene (LDPE) bags without vacuum, and laminated polyethylene/nylon bags under vacuum. The results indicated that all the samples had lost moisture during storage, and the loss was higher in samples packaged in (LDPE), also the (EP) values increased, whereas, (WHC) values decreased with time during storage for all samples. The samples indicated a reduction in the pH values and an increase in the acidity values especially for the first four months of storage and these changes were associated with an increase in the (FFA) values as a result of storage. The increment in the pH value was the lowest in the control samples and this indicated the effect of natural antioxidants to retard the formation of (FFA). The (TBA) values for the control samples were higher than those packaged under vacuum or treated by spice extracts. The storage time had a negative effect on the total bacterial counts and the coliform group for all samples. The rate of reduction was much higher in the vacuum packaged samples and the spice extracts treated samples as well especially those treated by black cumin extracts than the untreated or samples packaged without vacuum. The color measurements showed a decrease in the redness value for all samples during storage period. The rate of reduction was much higher in the control samples than the treated ones.
Zoo technical production conditions important from the aspect of geographical brand of origin of native white cheese from sjenica
Authors: Bogdanovic Vladan , Petrovic Milan , Ostojic Dusica
Published: September 2009

Main characteristics of zoo technical conditions that are important for geographical brand of origin of native white cheese from Sjenica are presented in this paper. General characteristics of farms, as well as typical methods of breeding cattle and sheep in this part of the Republic of Serbia are described. Basic condition necessary for one product to find and preserve it's place on the market is the continuous presence on the market without any oscillations in regard to the quality. In order to achieve this goal, the availability of main raw material must always be secured, in case of white cheese from sjenica - milk, whether sheep or cow milk. Precisely the providing of essential raw material of good quality represents the greatest problem. Owners of farms which are included in the research project "Optimization and standardization of the technology for production of white cheese from Sjenica with protected brand of origin" have expressed the desire to increase their production by introducing new animals to their breeding stocks. In this regard, it is necessary that the government proceeds with systematical measures to support the efforts of those farmers who are interested in livestock production and production of native products with protected geographical brand of origin, among which white cheese from Sjenica has important role.
Dressing percentage of meat from crosses of Pirot pramenka and merino landshaf breed as indicator of meat production
Authors: Zujovic Miroslav , Josipovic Slavko , Tomic Zorica , Pavlovski Zlatica , Lukic Milos , Pavlovic Ivan , Ivanovic Snezana
Published: September 2009

Investigations were performed on lambs raised in cooperative farms and farm of ZZ STOCAR in Dimitrovgrad, immediately after the pasture fattening on Stara Planina Mountain in duration of 150 days. By random selection, 30 lambs of each sex were selected from male and female herds consisting of 300 and 200 lambs, respectively, in the second week of October, and were used for investigation of the dressing percentage. Fattening period lasted 240 days. The loss of live weight in transport to slaughterhouse was 8.24% in case of male lambs, and 8.33% in case of female lambs. Average body mass of male lambs was 32.07kg, and female lambs 27.70kg. Dressing percentage of carcasses from male lambs was 48.18, and of females 48.15%. With high quality nutrition the mass of carcasses and dressing percentage in improved Pirot Pramenka breed are noticeable increased. Dressing percentage of meat from lambs of improved Pirot Pramenka breed fattened on pasture can considerably be increased in relation to previous results obtained from non-fattened lambs. This fact indicates that the fattening is the best way to provide higher quantities of meat also of improved quality from lambs of Domestic Pramenka breed. It should also be pointed out that dressing percentage determined for lambs of improved Pirot Pramenka breed doesn't fully satisfy standards, however, the improvement can be achieved by modernization of the fattening technology and improved conditions of nutrition and care. This type of fattening complies with the standards of EU as ecologically produced food, that is meat.
The influence of different kind of milk on quality of Sjenica cheese and Sjenica type cheeses made by autohthonous technology
Authors: Macej Ognjen , Jovanovic Snezana , Barac Miroljub
Published: September 2009

In this paper, influence of the composition of autohtonous Sjenica cheese and composition of cheese made from cow milk in the type of Sjenica cheese were comparatively investigated. Autohtonous Sjenica cheese, made from ewe's milk and Sjenica type cheese made from cow's milk both had high content of moisture (53.46% and 59.56% respectively), which is the result of production process (coagulation time, curd processing, drying and salting). According to moisture content in fat free basis - MFFB (73.51% and 73.38% respectively) both cheeses belong to soft cheeses group, and according to fat in total solids - FTS (58.66% and 46.75% respectively) they belong to a group of whole milk cheeses. Ripening coefficient of Sjenica cheese made from ewe's milk (21.42%) was larger than ripening coefficient of Sjenica type cheese made from cow's milk (20.41%). Big differences in chemical composition of both cheeses are due to non-uniformly technology, which imposes need to assimilate technology process of Sjenica cheese production and fulfill geographic origin protection of Sjenica cheese as autohthonous cheese characteristic for wider area of Sjenicko-pesterska plateau.
Fresh cheese production on the basis of milk-protein coaggregates
Authors: Macej Ognjen , Jovanovic Snezana , Seratlic Sanja , Barac Miroljub
Published: September 2009

Two variants of fresh cheese were prepared: cheese prepared from milk heated at 650C for 30 minutes (control samples) and those prepared from milk heated for 10 minutes at 850C (experimental samples). Second method caused the protein co aggregates formation. Results of these investigations suggested that the whey obtained during fresh cheese production from co aggregates had considerable lower total nitrogen content (0.0601%) and milk fat content (0.08%). These values represented 46.37% and 33.33% of the control samples respectively. Also, dry matter of experimental whey samples was lower for 3.72% than in the whey of control samples. The cheese prepared on the basis of co aggregates had for 5.11% lower total solids content than control samples. The average values of these and control samples were 28.38% and 33.49% respectively. This may be due to protein co aggregates properties and the different structure of cheese curd. Disregarding to the higher utilization of the milk fat, the lower milk fat content in total solids content of experimental cheese is the result of higher participation of total nitrogen.
The influence of inoculation on chemical composition and quality of silages made from soybean and entire maize plant
Authors: Djordjevic Nenad , Grubic Goran , Dinic Bora , Negovanovic Dragan
Published: September 2009

The ensiling of soybean and entire maize plant was done in experimental siloses with or without inoculant Sill-All (produced by Alltech inc). The experiment was organized as two-factorial (2 ? 3, n = 3), where factor A was inoculant (a1 = without inoculant, a2 = with inoculant), and factor B was soybean and entire maize plant ratio (b1 = 1: 0; b2 = 2: 1 and b3 = 1 2). Inoculated silages at average had more lactic acid, lower pH values and higher content of ammonia nitrogen, nonsoluble nitrogen and NFE (P < 0.05). The included of entire maize plant in mixture produces high effect on reduction proteolysis. With the increase of entire maize plant share the decrease of pH values and amount of butyric acid, ammonia nitrogen, soluble nitrogen, crude protein and crude fiber was observed. According to the DLG method for silage quality evaluation, silages without inoculant had second class, and silages with inoculant had first class. Improvement in silage quality with the included entire maize plant from fourth to first class, was achieved.
The effect of paragenetic factors on longevity traits of simmental cows
Authors: Petrovic Milun , Skalicki Zlatko , Gutic Milenko , Bogdanovic Vladan
Published: September 2009

The effect of paragenetic factors on longevity traits was investigated in Simmental cows housed at the "Zlatiborski Suvati" farm. The effect of the lactation number, the calving season and the age at first insemination on longevity traits such as the age at culling, the length of productive life the total number of milking days and the utilization index was examined. The general average (m), according to the model, for the age at culling, the length of productive life, the total number of milking days and the utilization index was 3496.31 days, 2637.14 days, 2000.43 days and 72.42 % respectively. The effect of the total number of lactations on all the longevity traits was very highly significant (P<0.001), whereas the calving season statistically very significantly affected only the age at culling (P<0.01). The age at first insemination had a very highly significant effect on the age at culling and the cow utilization index (P<0.001).
Lactic acid bacteria strains isolated from Sjenica cheese
Authors: Radulovic Zorica , Martinovic Aleksandra , Radin Dragoslava , Obradovic D.
Published: September 2009

Lactic acid bacteria strains isolated from autochthonous cheeses of Sjenica were investigated. In those products, where starters were not added fermentation occurred as a result of natural flora present in the surrounding environment. Forty thermophilic, mesophilic and citrat+ LAB strains were isolated by selective mediums (MRS agar, LM17 agar and LDC agar) from 5 samples of Sjenica-cheeses. They were exposed to further analysis and identification. After examination by Gram test and catalase test, 13 strains of LAB, were selected for further analysis. On the basis of lactose fermentation way and acid production in 1% reconstituted skimed milk, 6 strains were selected. Determination of these strains by API 50 CHL and Rapid ID 32 Strep tests showed that 2 strains belonged to the Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis, 2 strains to the Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris and 2 strains to the Lactobacillus para.paracasei.
Effect of boars own performance on progeny fattening and carcass traits in two different environments
Authors: Bahelka I. , Fľak P. , Lukácová Anna
Published: September 2009

The effect of own performance traits of meat breed boars on fattening and carcass parameters of progeny in two different test stations (Bucany and Nitra) was evaluated. Own performance traits of boars were average daily gain (ADG) from birth to 100 kg live weight, backfat thickness (BF) and lean meat content (LMC) in field conditions. Progeny of boars was housed in pairs (gilt and barrow) and fed standardized feed mixture semi ad libitum. Progeny test lasted from 30 to 100 kg live weight. There were evaluated following parameters: ADG and feed consumption/kg gain (FC) at test from 30 to 100 kg live weight, slaughter weight (SW), proportion of meaty cuts (PMC) proportion of ham (PHAM), eye muscle area (EMA), and BF. At Bucany and Nitra was found the effect of genotype of boars on progeny BF and/or FC respectively. Better tested boars from own performance test individually as well as a group achieved in progeny better fattening and carcass traits than worse tested boars at Bucany (+33 g ADG, -0.21 cm BF, +2.34 % PMC). Progeny performance from better evaluated boars at Nitra did not exceed the progeny performance from worse tested boars. There was found significant effect of dams on progeny performance.
Production parameters of mother populations and genealogical boar populations by means of m blup-am method in Slovakia
Authors: Bobcek B. , Řehácek P. , Kúbek A. , Bulla J. , Bobcek R. , Jakab F.
Published: September 2009

This paper evaluates all population averages of dam pig population concerning both reproduction and production parameters in Slovakia during the years 1996 - 2002. The prediction of breeding value of the best sire populations Large White (LW), White Meaty (WM), Landras (L) during the years 2000 - 2002 was estimated by means of M BLUP-AM method. Based on the achieved total population averages, the best breeds as far as reproduction efficiency were LW and WM in year 2002 number born piglets in total Large White 11.23, White Meaty 11.33 and Landras 10.70; live - born piglets LW 10.77, WM 10.65, L 10.42 reared piglets LW 9.82, WM 9.63 and L 9.82. On the basis of total breeding value (TBV), the best genealogical populations of dam breeds were evaluated and included in the "top ladder". In Slovakia the best genealogical sire populations LW breed were as follows: Pintos with 806.2 total breeding value (TBV), Sunar with 784.1 (TBV) Faber with 771.8 (TBV) total breeding value. In White meaty, the best results in genealogical sire populations were achieved in Don with 701.7 total breeding value (TBV), Rank with 636.7 (TBV) total breeding value and Norik with 614.5 (TBV) total breeding value. In Landras the best populations were as follows: Floppy with 730.6 (TBV) total breeding value (TBV), Damborek with 634.3 (TBV) and Don with 723.4 (TBV). M BLUP-AM method enables to make genetic value of individual animals and breeds more precise, and subsequently to provide more objective controlled selection and further breeding pig breeds.
Method for determination of relative relations between economical values and reproductive traits in production of piglets
Authors: Vukelic Gordana , Radojkovic Dragan , Petrovic Milica
Published: September 2009

Bringing into correlation values that by their nature have no joint measuring unit is complex, but these values have decisive effect on production and demand from the researcher to compare them in methodologically correct way and express them through certain value. Determining the expression of values using same measuring units opens many doors of all kinds of analyses and enables their evaluation and possibility for their combination in regard to investigation and inclusion of potential parameters as achievable values. In business activity, different factors of incoming parameters as variables are present, and expected outgoing result should be, more exactly, better in quality and quantity (in the sense of full use of existing capacities or performing of service). At the same time, complete procedure of methodological processing should, first of all, be simple and, secondly easy applicable as well as economical, more exactly profitable. Whole procedure is presented through orientation procedure of the production control procedure and it is carried out or performed in an objective and easy way using registered elements and parameters reaching the economical efficiency of the piglet production. This is complex methodological effort considering the zoological characteristics of the production line, traits and presence of certain variables as parameters of this production. In this paper, procedure of evaluation of components is presented and explained systematically, taking in consideration specific zoological and technological traits, and they were calculated into valuable measuring expressions and units.
Toxoplasmosis of sheep and its role and importance in pathology of sheep production
Authors: Pavlovic Ivan , Ivanovic Snezana
Published: September 2009

Toxoplasmosis was one of the most spread zoonotic parasitosis caused by Toxoplasma gondii. In sheep, toxoplasmosis has global distribution which depends on the area, followed by 1-76%. In infected flocks and in infected sheep we had a fetal mortality of 35%, 60% during partus and 5% several hours after birth. Meat and milk of infected sheep present a source of infection of other hosts including humans. Data of WHO/FAO show that numerous people were infected with toxoplasma via ovine meat or milk that was not adequately prepare - treated thermally, and prevalence was high in both, developed and underveloped countries.
The opportunities for livestock development in the hills and highlands of Montenegro
Authors: Despotovic Aleksandra , Bulatovic Bogdan , Jovanovic M. , Perisic Predrag
Published: September 2009

Agriculture is one of the crucial development areas and, together with tourism, it presents the top priority for the economic development of Montenegro. The most important branch of agriculture is livestock raising. Livestock development is particularly crucial because the rearing of ruminants (cattle, sheep, goats) utilizes the less productive land lots (pastures, meadows) which present over 80% of the total agricultural land in Montenegro. In terms of the size and value of production, the most important area of livestock development is cattle raising. A significant place is also held by sheep - raising, especially in the context of unpolluted pastures which represent favorable conditions for the production of biologically valuable food. In terms of the ratio of primary production, livestock raising participates with 64,4%, and fish and bees are added to this calculation the percentage is 65%. The analytical data for 1995-2001 demonstrates that there is a growth of 3-4%in the cattle-raising industry whereas sheep-raising has demonstrated a fall since 1998. Out of the total number of cattle and sheep 99% is in private ownership, and only 1% is in public ownership. The production of cow s milk recorded a growth, whereas the production of sheep milk has been fluctuating. There is recorded growth in beef production of 3-4%, where as there is a noted fall in the production of mutton. The local milk production secures 88% of the total consumption whereas the production of meat (the consumption is 45,1 kg per capitas) secures only 61% of total consuotion. The production of poultry and pork covers only 40% of consumption. This paper also gives an overview of the consumption of mutton and how this relates to figures of local production for the period 2001.- 2002. For successful livestock development in the hills and highlands of Montenegro, apart from measures taken to improve the genetic base, it is necessary to undertake measures to improve animal diets health protection and healthcare as well as the application of newer biotechnologies.
Haccp system guarantee of quality and first in sanitary service privation from RBH agents through terrorism and sabotage in agriculture
Authors: Mitrovic Radosav , Kljajic Ranko , Vicentijevic Mihajlo
Published: September 2009

Presented instructive-informative rough copy with answers and explanations that is going to be useful in wide interested parties. Those interested parties will get involved in introduction of HACCP system in sanitary service against RBH ageneses. All conceptions in this work will give answers to the basic questions: a) definition of HACCP system; b) HACCP definition i c) principle of HACCP system; d) analysis of hazard; e) determination of critical point; f) critical and operative limits; g) supervision of critical limits; h) correction measures; i) heritage of booking; j) verification of HACCP system.
Utilization of different vegetable oil sources in diets and the fat acids profile in the growing rabbits meat1
Authors: Barbosa Andréa , Scapinello C. , Souza N.E. , Barbosa M.A.A.F. , Brito Daniela , Koguishi E.K.
Published: September 2009

To evaluate the addition of 3% of C.A.N.O.L.A. oil, corn oil and soybean oil to the diets on the chemical composition of rabbits meat, 100 animals were slaughtered, among them 20 with 35 days old and 40 animals with 50 and 70 days old. The slaughtered animals with 35 days old were from broods whose mothers, since the birth received the same experimental diets evaluated after 70 days old. After the slaughter, the right leg meat of each animal was collected and, in each group, receiving the respective experimental diets, were grouped in three composed samples to posterior chemical analysis. The experimental design was in factorial scheme 4x3 (four diets versus three ages) with three replication and 36 analyzed samples. The fatty acids profile deposited in the meat reflects the composition in the experimental diet. The oil addition to the diets, independent of the source decreased the saturated fatty acids level and increased the unsaturated fatty acids in the rabbits meat with the age advance. Particularly, the diet with C.A.N.O.L.A. oil provided the meat with higher monounsaturated fatty acids level and ?3 and lower ?6, resulting in the lower ?6: ?3 ratio.
Productivity of sorghum and soybean as mixed crops in after crop seeding
Authors: Terzic D. , Stosic M. , Dinic Bora , Lazarevic Dragi , Radovic Jasmina
Published: September 2009

After harvesting of wheat the great surfaces of land remain unused although they are suitable both for growing forage crops and production of voluminous animal feeds. The greatest importance in the production system of animal feeds is attributed to annual leguminous and grasses species which can be grown either as clear crops or mixtures. Their growing is conditioned by suitable irrigation system since in the time of seeding the temperatures are rather high and precipitations uncertain. In that sense this research has been conducted in which productivity of sorghum and soybean in after crop sowing grown both as clear and mixed crops with decreased density of both species by ? in relation to clean crops has been observed. Sorghum had greater yield than that of soybean. The greatest yield was formed by mixture of sorghum and soybean (5587 kg ha-1), what is very significant in relation to clean soybean (4563 kg ha-1). The yield in mixtures was 6% and 11% greater in relation to the expected one, that is 6 or 11% greater land surface with clean crops is needed in order to obtain corresponding yield in mixed crops. Soybean contains considerably greater quantity of crude protein, crude fat, calcium and magnesium in relation to sorghum what resulted in fact that mixtures also had greater quantities of the same nutritive substances in comparison with sorghum. The highest net energy value in the production of milk and meat was realized by soybean (5.70 and 5.67 MJkg-1 SM). Mixtures realized higher production of NEL and NEM per surface unit. By the combination of crops more favourable ratio of energy and proteins is realized what besides greater yield means that by mixtures the higher production of meat and milk per surface unit is possible.
PCR amplification of species-specific repeat for meat DNA identification via genetic markers in cattle & sheep
Authors: Ahmed M.M.
Published: September 2009

The designed and evaluated four assays based upon PCR amplification of species-specific repeat (SSR) for detection, identification and authentication of cattle and sheep on the DNA level. SSR primers were applied in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the products has been used for the specific identification of cattle and sheep meat. PCR amplification size of the gene encoding SSR region in cattle and sheep meat was 603 bp and 374 bp respectively. The results showed that SSR analysis produced a pattern that allowed a direct identification of cattle and sheep meat in raw and heat-treated samples. Also the results showed that SSR analysis provided with a rapid and effective method to detect the meat species and it could be easily identified and authenticated. In addition, the SSR PCR methods, as species-specific, are highly sensitive and will improve the detection limits for DNA sequences derived from these species. Also indirect application is the detection of disease cow (cattle) lunacy by PCR methods for authentication of cow (cattle) meat from origin country.
The influence of the zeolite type "Tufozel" on dairy cows reproductive characteristics
Authors: Pesev Sasa , Ilic Zoran , Simeonova Valentina , Milosevic Bozidar , Spasic Zvonko
Published: September 2009

nema
Clinical and subclinical mastitis in cows
Authors: Hristov Slavca , Stankovic Branislav , Relic Renata
Published: September 2009

The most important aspects of diagnosis and occurrence of clinical and subclinical mastitis are presented in this paper. Mastitis is inflammation of udders parenchyma characterized by pathological changes, and physical chemical and bacteriological changes of milk. Subclinical mastitis could be diagnosed by direct or indirect somatic cell count (SCC) by California Mastitis test and N-acetyl-B-D-glucosamynidasys test, ELISA and Whiteside test, and also by chloride and bovine serum albumin level, as well as by electric conductivity of milk. Therapy of mastitis is more successful with appropriate information about pathogen, which demands special mediums laboratory conditions and stuff, in order to evaluate antibiotic sensitivity of specific pathogen. In the majority of countries, similar rate of morbidity (about 40%) and infection rate (25%) of dairy cows were reported, regardless of the cause. Prevalence investigations show similarity in the most of the countries. Predominant cause of mastitis is Staphylococcus aureus, followed by Streptococcus agalactiae. Available data show that incidence rate of mastitis caused by E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aerobacter aerogenes and Klebsiella spp. is increasing. Similar data on incidence of mastits and prevalence of specific pathogen were established in our country.
Production parameters of lambs in fattening depending on genotype
Authors: Ruzic-Muslic Dragana , Petrovic Milan , Josipovic Slavko
Published: September 2009

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Effect of Yucca Schidigera on some biochemical parameters in lambs
Authors: Gudev D. , Popova-Ralcheva Simona , Moneva Penka , Kozelov L. , Iliev F.
Published: September 2009

nema
Evaluation trial of the effect of chosen factors on racing performance of thoroughbred horses
Authors: Kulisa Maria , Dlugosz Boguslawa , Luszczynski J. , Pieszka Magdalena , Grel Barbara
Published: September 2009

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Estimation of genetic variability of fertility traits of pigs
Authors: Radojkovic Dragan , Petrovic Milica , Mijatovic Milan
Published: September 2009

nema
Technological, chemical, sensory, and microbiological examination of frozen chicken as affected by microwave thawing
Authors: Kenawi M.A.
Published: September 2009

The effect of microwave heating as a thawing method on physical, chemical sensory, and microbiological properties of frozen chicken was investigated in comparison with other thawing methods (at ambient temperature, in refrigerator, and in running tap water). Microwave thawed chicken had the highest taste panel scores and the lowest drip percentage loss compared with the other thawing methods. Thiobarbituric acid value (TBA) remarkably increased the samples thawed at ambient temperature or under running water. The data revealed that the retention of thiamin was the highest in the microwave thawed samples (97.33%), and the lowest in running water thawed samples (66.66%). The total bacterial count in frozen chicken remarkably decreased as a result of microwave thawing treatment while increased in the other treatments.
Effect of breed on production traits of performance tested boars
Authors: Radojkovic Dragan , Mijatovic Milan , Petrovic Milica , Jokic Zivan
Published: September 2009

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Probiotic influence on acid number, acid degree and fatty acid content in chicken abdominal fatty tissue
Authors: Ivanovic Snezana , Baltic Milan , Sinovec Zlatan , Stojanovic Zoran
Published: September 2009

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Effects of crop density on fodder yield in cabbage production
Authors: Moravcevic Djordje , Bjelic Vukasin , Vuckovic Savo
Published: September 2009

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Enzyme enhancement of the nutritional value of sunflower meal
Authors: Sredanovic Slavica , Levic Jovanka , Duragic Olivera
Published: September 2009

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Efficiency of hygienic behavior of west-European ecotype honey bee
Authors: Nedic Nebojsa , Mladenovic Mica , Rasic Srdjan , Stojanovic Zoran
Published: September 2009

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Selenoenzyme-Gluthathione Peroxidase (GSH-Px)
Authors: Joksimovic-Todorovic Mirjana , Davidovic Vesna
Published: September 2009

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Investigation of the quality of raw milk for production of Pirot katchkaval
Authors: Pesic-Mikulec Dragana , Petrovic Milan , Ruzic Dragana
Published: September 2009

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Nutritive value of bio-yogurts with amaranths seeds and oat grains additives
Authors: Sady Marek , Grega Tadeusz , Najgebauer Dorota , Domagala Jacek , Faber Bartlomiej
Published: September 2009

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Seasonal changes in the level of conjugated Linoleic acid (CLA) in ripened cheeses
Authors: Grega Tadeusz , Sady Marek , Najgebauer Dorota , Domagala Jacek , Pustkowiak Henryk , Faber Bartlomiej
Published: September 2009

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The quality of raw cow's milk for the direct consumption
Authors: Grega Tadeusz , Sady Marek , Najgebauer Dorota , Domagala Jacek , Faber Bartlomiej
Published: September 2009

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Detection of species-specific genetic markers in farm animals by RFLP analysis of cytochrome b gene
Authors: Ahmed M.M. , El Aliaa-mezawy
Published: September 2009

RFLP analysis was used on several meat sources to identify the species. It might be important to evaluate a method to identify different meat species. We tested Buffalo, Cattle, Goat and Sheep to enforce labeling regulation in the authentication of each of them. In this study, the presence of restriction sites on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products has been used for the specific identification of the four different meat species. The cytochrome b encoding gene (359 bp) as a part of the mt-DNA was amplified. The digestion of the PCR products using Anil and Hae III gave specific restriction profiles that allowed a direct identification of farm animal species in raw and heat-treated meat samples. The results showed that RFLP analysis provided with a rapid and effective method to detect meat species and could be easily used for meat identification and authentication.
Indirect determination of carcass meat yield
Authors: Aleksic Stevica , Petrovic Milan , Miscevic Branislav , Pantelic Vlada , Tomasevic Dusica , Ostojic Dusica
Published: September 2009

Objective of our research was to determine the correlation between quantity of meat, fat and bones in carcass with same tissues in three rib cut and quantity of muscle tissue in carcass with surface of M. longissimus dorsi. Investigation was carried out on male fattening young bulls of Domestic Spotted breed of average weight prior to slaughtering of 503 kg, and by total dissection total quantity of muscle, fat and bone tissue in carcass was determined. Correlation between mass of muscle tissue in carcass and mass of muscle tissue in three rib cut of carcasses weighing in average 284 kg was r=O.69, which means strong and positive. Correlation coefficient between mass of fat and bone tissue in carcass and mass of fat and bone tissue in three rib cut for same group was r=0.65 for fat tissue and r=0.53 for bone tissue. Correlation between mass of muscle tissue in carcass of average mass of 284 kg and cross section surface of M. longissimus dorsi on cut of 11. rib was r=0.80.
Investigation of heritability and genetic correlations of milk traits in sheep
Authors: Petrovic Milan , Mekic C. , Ruzic Dragana , Zujovic Miroslav
Published: September 2009

Considering that total variability of milk traits in sheep within single population greatly depends on factors of genetic nature, objective of this paper was to investigate the trend of genetics parameters in populations raised in Pirot region, in order to create more efficient selection program in regard to milk production. Obtained and processed results of investigation have demonstrated that investigated traits occupy central heritability values. Degree of heritability for protein and fat had higher values in relation to other observed traits. Weak and negative genetic correlation is present between fat content and other traits whereas strong and positive correlation was determined for milk quantity and fat content and protein. Statistical analysis confirmed absence of significant differences between sheep of Pirot Pramenka breed and improved Pirot population. This research has also demonstrated that in selection of sheep in regard to milk traits and production special attention should be directed to importance of genetic parameters considering that with the increase of quantity of milk not only content of fat but also of protein are reduced, which can influence the economical efficiency on farm in system of payments for milk according to its quality.
Laboratory study to determine the effect of a probiotic mixture on chicken-broiler
Authors: Ivanov Ivan
Published: September 2009

The experiment was performed in two groups of broiler chickens. The birds from the experimental group were treated with the combination of 3% lactic bacteria. 1% baker's yeasts and 0.7% citric acid, added to food. It was found out that the treatment resulted in shifting the microbial balance in avian gastrointestinal tract in favour of Gram-positive bacteria (77-80%) while in control birds Gram negative organisms prevailed (90%). Both the volume and the weight of viscera of experimental chickens, obtained following slaughtering was by 20-60% higher compared to controls. Furthermore, 75% of treated birds reached a slaughtering weight (1800 g) for 42 days with an average daily weight gain of 57 g and expenditure of 2.3 kg fodder per 1 kg weight gain, whereas the body weight of control birds was by 26.5% lower than the standard one, the fodder expenditure was 3.1 kg per 1 kg weight gain and the average daily gain was 42 g. The mortality in controls was 13% while in treated birds there were no lethal cases. The price of one kilogramme body weight in experimental birds was by 0.15 $ lower compared to controls.
Modern trends in production of milk
Authors: Sretenovic Ljiljana , Petrovic Milan , Aleksic Stevica , Ostojic Dusica , Marinkov Gordana
Published: September 2009

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Effects of use of protected fatty acids in early lactating cows feeding
Authors: Grubic Goran , Radivojevic Mihailo , Djordjevic Nenad , Adamovic Milan , Spiridonovic Bojan , Radomir Borislav
Published: September 2009

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Bioactive components of milk from different cow breeds
Authors: Grega Tadeusz , Sady Marek , Najgebauer Dorata , Domagala Jacek , Faber Bartłomiej
Published: September 2009

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The relationship between the body conformation to longevity in the Slovak spotted cows
Authors: Strapák Peter , Juhás P. , Canji V.
Published: September 2009

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Improvement of the reproductive performances of rams by the biological active substances - plant extract and probiotic
Authors: Kistanova Elena
Published: September 2009

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The effects of immunization against LHRH using recombinant LHRH fusion protein, ovalbumin-LHRH-7, on development, histologic and ultrasonographic appearance of ram lamb testis
Authors: Ülker H. , Yilmaz A. , Karakuş F. , Yörük M. , Budağ C. , de Avila , Reeves J.J.
Published: September 2009

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Milk production of Svrljiska stock of domestic tuft sheep
Authors: Mekic Cvijan , Petrovic Milan , Trifunovic Gligorije , Zujovic Miroslav , Perisic Predrag
Published: September 2009

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Behavioral reaction to essential oils dietary supplementation in sheep
Authors: Simitzis P.E. , Feggeros K. , Bizelis J.A. , Deligeorgis S.G.
Published: September 2009

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Racing performance of thoroughbreds from state and private studs born by mares in different age
Authors: Luszczyński J. , Kulisa Maria , Pieszka Magdalena , Długosz Bogusława
Published: September 2009

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The effect of dietary fat level on feed intake and performances of lactating sows and their litters
Authors: Christon R. , Lionet Hélène , Racon B. , Saminadin G. , Gaudru Laurence , Schaeffer Brigitte , Cerneau P.
Published: September 2009

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New housing systems and marketing of table eggs
Authors: Pavlovski Zlatica , Cmiljanic Ratimir , Skrbic Zdenka , Lukic Milos
Published: September 2009

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Effect of housing density, duration of fattening and initial body mass of one day old chickens on production of broiler meat of Cobb hybrid
Authors: Mitrovic Sreten , Skrbic Zdenka , Bogosavljevic-Boskovic Snezana , Ostojic Djordje , Djermanovic Vladan
Published: September 2009

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Use of pre-biotics in poultry nutrition
Authors: Sinovec Zlatan , Markovic Radmila
Published: September 2009

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New trends in poultry nutrition
Authors: Cmiljanic Ratimir , Pavlovski Zlatica , Trenkovski Snezana , Lukic Milos
Published: September 2009

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Modern procedures in technology of conserving lucerne by ensiling
Authors: Dinic Bora , Djordjevic Nenad , Radovic Jasmina , Ignjatovic Snezana
Published: September 2009

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The influence of the quantity of honeybees and honey reserves on wintering of honeybee colonies
Authors: Jevtic Goran , Mladenovic Mica , Nedic Nebojsa
Published: September 2009

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Microbiological, chemical, and physical changes in refrigerated ground buffalo meat treated with potassium sorbate, sodium ascorbate, and sodium tripolyphosphate changes in refrigerated ground buffalo
Authors: El-Aal Abd
Published: September 2009

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Advanced biotechnologies in animal production and reproduction
Authors: Enne Giuseppe
Published: September 2009

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Meiotic maturation and in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes
Authors: Smiljakovic Tatjana , Tomek Wolfgang
Published: September 2009

In vitro production of embryos, and, as part of this method, in vitro maturation of oocytes, have received great attention in last ten-fifteen years. It is well established in bovine. Here, in this review is presented importance of this method, usual meiotic division is described, as well, as importance of biochemical investigations of several protein factors and enzymes, which control these processes.
Mapping of quantitative trait loci influencing daily body weight gain (DBWG) on chromosome 6 in German Holstein population
Authors: Reißmann M. , Reinecke P. , Müller U. , Abdel-Rahman S.
Published: September 2009

Twelve microsatellite markers on chromosome 6 were analyzed in German Holstein population to detect and locate QTL affecting daily body weight gain (DBWG). The results indicate promising location for QTL controlling daily body weight gain trait on chromosome 6. Where, three markers BMS2508 BM3026 and TGLA37 at three different positions in a distance 15.2 cM on BTA6 were associated with significant effects for daily body weight gain trait (DBWG). Comparison between this finding and previously identified QTL support the location of a QTL for growth traits on chromosome 6, where a significant QTL for birth and yearling weight was previously identified on chromosome 6 tightly close to marker BM3026. Finding from this study could be used in subsequent fine-mapping work and applied to marker-assisted selection (MAS) of production traits.
Heritability values of more important milk qualities of Simmental breed cows
Authors: Panic Jovanka , Vidovic Vitomir
Published: September 2009

In this research 245 cows are included. They are daughters of ten sires and all of them realized 548 lactations in the period 2000 and 2003. Data used originated from two cattle farms, "Backa" and "Pobeda" that are on government property "Krivaja". During lactation lasting approximately 333 days cow produced 4521 kg of milk yield with 181 kg fat yield and 4,00% fat percentage in standard lactation. The values for heritability are estimated by using interclass correlation. It was low for duration of lactation (0,017) and for fat percentage (0,037). Also, it was medium for milk yield (0,227) and fat yield (0,214).The average values for heritability in the standard lactations were 0,317 for milk yield and 0,281 for fat yield. In other words, those are medium hereditary features. The values for heritability were low for fat percentage (0,031), or low hereditary feature.
The effect of breed, sire and sex on the quality of carcass sides
Authors: Petrovic Milica , Pusic Milovan , Radojkovic Dragan , Mijatovic Milan , Kosovac Olga , Radovic Cedomir
Published: September 2009

Investigation of quality variability of pig carcass was carried out on 1443 fatlings (gilts and barrows). They were progenies of 22 (Farm A) and 12 sires (Farm B), 5 breeds-crossbreds (Swedish Landrace, Large White, Duroc Hampshire, Duroc x Hampshire). Animals were fed with standardized feed mixture semi ad libitum. The quality of carcass sides was determined on the slaughter-line according to Regulation (1985). Investigation included following traits: weight of warm carcass (MTP, kg), meat in carcass sides (KMP, kg and SMP, %), total mass and ratio of leg+shoulder+loin (MFO, kg and UFO, %). Obtained results were processed using several models (Harvey, 1990) which included sire genotype, sire, sex progeny and mass of warm carcass (regression effect). All investigated traits varied under the influence of sire genotype (P<0.01) on farm B. The effect of sire genotype was significant (P<0.01) on KMP and SMP on the Farm A. All traits of carcass quality varied under the influence of sires. Gilts had higher KMP, SMP, MFO and UFO compared to male castrated heads. Difference in Total Breeding Value between best and worst boar was 10.41 (Farm A) and 11.24 index point (Farm B).