bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ИСТОРИЯ ПЕНСИОННОГО ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ В БУРЯТ-МОНГОЛЬСКОЙ АССР (1946–1952 гг.)
Authors:   Восточно-Сибирский государственный университет технологий и управления, В. А. Гельман , Л. А. Шкроба ,   Восточно-Сибирский государственный университет технологий и управления
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматривается пенсионное обеспечение в Бурят-Монгольской АССР в послевоенные годы, показаны основные проблемы при реорганизации работы пенсионной системы. Принятие системы мер Министерством социального обеспечения значительно улучшило обслуживание пенсионеров из числа трудящихся, инвалидов Отечественной войны, труда и семей погибших воинов в 1946–1952 гг. Проведенный анализ документов Государственного архива Республики Бурятия, региональных законодательных актов Бурят-Монгольской Автономной Советской Социалистической Республики позволил показать, что несмотря на непростые социально-экономические условия власти не забывали о простом человеке, изыскивали средства на социальное и пенсионное обеспечение граждан. Реконструирован важнейший этап в становлении социального государства в СССР, где в тяжелые после-военные годы обращалось самое деятельное внимание на ряд нуждающихся категорий населений, и на примере БМАССР продемонстрирована реализация законов о защите семей защитников Родины и инвалидов Отечествен-ной войны. Исторический опыт становления и развития пенсионного обеспечения в послевоенные годы позволит извлечь уроки на современном этапе в условиях продолжающегося международного противостояния.
Evaluation of Anticancer and Antimicrobial Potentials of Tarantula cubensis Venom (Theranekron® D6)
Authors: Gökşen Tosun Nazan , Kaplan Özlem , Özgür Aykut
Published: December 2024

Tarantula cubensis venom (Theranekron®D6) is widely used in veterinary medicine as a drug with anti-tumor, wound healing, anti-inflammatory, antiphlogistic properties. The purpose of the study was to explore Theranekron®D6 (TD6)'s antibacterial activity and its impact on apoptotic cell death in human colon and liver cancer cell lines. TD6 showed a dose and time dependent cytotoxic effect at 12h and 24h in HT-29 and HUH-7 cancer cell lines. The IC50 values of TD6 were calculated as 12.18 µg/mL and 25.10 µg/mL in HT-29 and HUH-7 cell lines at 24h, respectively. TD6 induced apoptosis in HT-29 and HUH-7 cell lines. In these cells exposed to TD6, while the BAX/BCL-2 ratio and CASP-3 mRNA level increased, the HSP90 mRNA and protein level decreased. Also, TD6 exhibited antimicrobial activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans and Candida utilis. Obtained results demonstrated that TD6 has great potentials as alternative therapeutic for cancer and infectious diseases as apoptosis inducer and antimicrobial agent.
Fabrication of cZIF-67/Ti3C2 Nanocomposites As Sulfur Host For Lithium-Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Yüksel Recep
Published: December 2024

It is of great importance to develop high-performance energy storage systems that modern society needs for next-generation technologies such as electric vehicles, consumer electronics, and grid-scale storage. Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are one of the promising candidates for high-performance energy storage systems due to the high theoretical capacity of the sulfur. On the other hand, some drawbacks such as insulating nature of the sulfur and the polysulfide solubility limits the wide-spread application of Li-S batteries. Nanocomposite host materials with high surface area and conductive nature has a potential to improve the stability of sulfur cathodes. In this study, the MOF-derived heteroatom doped carbon (cZIF-67) and two dimensional Ti3C2 MXene materials were used to fabricated cZIF-67/Ti3C2 nanocomposites. The fabricated nanocomposites were used as sulfur host material for Li-S batteries. After the structural and chemical characterizations, S/cZIF-67/Ti3C2 nanocomposite cathodes were used in Li-S batteries, and their performance-related properties were examined. With the fabricated S/cZIF-67/Ti3C2 cathodes, the adverse effects caused by the insulating nature of sulfur and lithium polysulfides are eliminated.
Enhanced Classification of Skin Lesions Using Fine-Tuned MobileNet and DenseNet121 Models with Ensemble Learning
Authors: Sancar Yasin
Published: December 2024

This study presents a deep learning approach for early detection of melanoma, one of the most dangerous skin cancers. In this article, all pre-trained models of the Keras library are trained with the ISIC skin cancer dataset available on Kaggle and the accuracy of each model is analyzed in detail. With the results obtained from the trained models, the models were fine-tuned to further optimize the performance of each model. After re-evaluation with fine-tuning, the accuracy rates were compared: DenseNet121 and MobileNet were found to be the two best models with high accuracy among the fine-tuned models. As such, these two models were combined in an ensemble approach to achieve a better overall accuracy. The skin cancer detection rate obtained with this ensemble approach is 93.03%. Therefore, the deep learning-based ensemble method appears to be a reliable and powerful technique that can be used to diagnose serious diseases such as skin cancer. This model can be used to provide a powerful support system with great potential to assist dermatologists in the early detection phase by easing workload and improving patient outcomes.
Evaluation for results of the treatment with diversities of modality in comminuted sub trochanteric fracture of femur in children
Authors: Mustofa M. Gulam , Bhadra Avishek , Saha Sushmoy , Ahmed Sabbir
Published: December 2024

Background: The diaphyseal femoral fractures account for around 2% of all pediatric fractures. Treatment includes conservative or surgical methods, but the choice of treatment differs depending on the child's age, fracture pattern, other concomitant fractures and the socioeconomic situation of the family.  The study aimed to assess the result of the treatment with a diversity of modality in comminuted sub trochanteric fracture of the femur in paediatric patients.
Methods: This was a prospective randomized comparative study with a prospective follow-up that took place at the department of orthopedics at President Abdul Hamid medical college and hospital, Kishoreganj, Bangladesh from May 2022 to May 2024. The 110 patients with diaphyseal femur fracture and were 0-18 years old were included in the study and 48 participated in the outcome follow-up.
Results: Out of 110 patients 55 were males and 55 females. Conservative treatment was the most common treatment. The mean age of incurring this type of fracture was 7.45 years. Mainly, injury among all kids who fall from above standing level. The majority of the younger children received conservative treatment.
Conclusions: The treatment chosen and the outcomes after a fracture seem to be satisfactory. It is important for future studies to include a large number of patients and to examine not only the clinical outcomes, but also the social and economic aspects.
Comparative study of crossed pinning v/s lateral pinning in paediatric supracondylar humerus fractures
Authors: Sharma Dev Krishan , Solanki Mahendra , Solanki Sunita , E. P. Akshaj
Published: December 2024

Background: Closed reduction and percutaneous pinning are the preferred management of supracondylar humerus fractures in children, but the preference of pinning pattern needs more research. A prospective comparative interventional study was undertaken to compare the stability of fixation, functional outcome and neurovascular complications between crossed pinning and lateral pinning in Gartland type 2 and type 3 fractures.
Methods: 60 patients of age group 2 to 12 years with Gartland’s type 2 and 3 fracture were randomized into 2 groups- lateral pinning (n=30) and crossed pin fixation (n=30). Intraoperative parameters were compared, post operative ulnar nerve palsy and serial range of motion were assessed. At 3 month follow up, outcome was assessed using Flynn criteria. The results were compared and analysed.
Results: There were 2 cases (3.3%) of iatrogenic ulnar nerve injury in crossed pinning group and none in lateral pinning group. Lateral group had more cases with excellent Flynn rating.  The mean loss of range of motion and the mean loss of carrying angle was significantly lower for lateral method.
Conclusions: Lateral pinning provides, better functional outcome along with comparable stability without the risk of iatrogenic ulnar nerve injury.
Management of congenital talipes equinovarus by Ponsetti technique and percutaneous needle tenotomy
Authors: Mukkaram Mohammed , Awais Daniya , Razvi Ali
Published: December 2024

Background: This study evaluates the Ponseti technique combined with percutaneous needle tenotomy for treating congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV), or clubfoot, assessing efficacy, complications, and outcomes. Conducted at a tertiary medical center in Hyderabad from 2021 to 2024, it included patients of all ages presenting with CTEV.
Methods: This is a prospective and retrospective study. The Ponseti method, a conservative approach involving serial casting and gentle foot manipulation, was applied, with percutaneous needle tenotomy used for achilles tendon lengthening when necessary. Compared to traditional surgical methods, this minimally invasive approach is associated with fewer complications and improved correction rates. Patients were assessed using Pirani scores, with data on cast numbers, tenotomy needs, and relapses.
Results: The study demonstrated significant efficacy, particularly when treatment began early, reducing the number of casts required. Needle tenotomy, preferable over blade tenotomy, was particularly effective in India and among patients from lower socioeconomic backgrounds, proved more effective than blade tenotomy. The approach was associated with fewer complications and better correction rates.
Conclusions: The Ponseti technique is an effective, accessible, and economical option with minimal complications. Early diagnosis and intervention were found essential for optimal outcomes. Further research is suggested to refine treatment protocols for older children and severe deformities.
Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score comparing functional outcome in 30 anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction patients with quadriceps, hamstrings and peroneus longus grafts
Authors: Handralmath Sunil , Dudhanale Akshay , Dadhaniya Ravikumar , Wasekar Manish
Published: December 2024

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are prevalent, affecting 30–78 per 100,000 individuals annually. Graft options include hamstring tendon, bone-patellar-tendon-bone, and quadriceps tendon. Hamstring tendon grafts offer advantages, including less patellofemoral crepitation, anterior knee pain, extension loss, reduced donor site morbidity, and smaller incisions. The peroneus longus tendon graft has gained favor due to fewer knee joint complications. Research shows studies comparing hamstring tendon (HT) and peroneus longus tendon (PLT) grafts revealed no significant differences in pre- and 1-year post-surgery outcomes.  Recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing quadriceps tendon (QT) and HT clinical outcomes found no significant differences in functional outcomes, PROs, laxity testing, or revision rates, although two studies reported higher knee flexor strength in the QT group and greater knee extensor strength in the HT group.
Methods: Authors planned for prospective study in tertiary care government hospital, Solapur from 1 July 2023 to 1 July 2024 with Inclusion criteria of 20-50 years, Intact collateral ligaments, Intact Posterior cruciate ligaments, Playing sports as recreational activity.
Results: 30 cases operated for ACL reconstruction at our institute with three graft choices namely QT, HT, PL and knee osteoarthritis outcome score given at 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year with KOOS/symptoms, pain, daily living, sports, quality of life all noted separately and compared within the groups and outside the groups.
Conclusion: To compare functional scores in post operative ACL reconstruction with QT, HT, PL larger volume of sample, longer follow up and more detailed arthroscopy specific scoring system is required.
A comparative study of anatomical plate fixation versus intramedullary nailing of middle-third clavicle fractures in Al-ameen medical college hospital
Authors: Zahid Syed Hasan , Endigeri Preetish , Pasha Rahil T. , Bagawan Riyaz
Published: December 2024

Background: Clavicle fractures constitute 5% of adult fractures. About 80% involve the midshaft, with more than 70% displaced. Many plate and intramedullary fixation systems have been used. However, the best fixation method is still debated. Surgery includes ORIF with Anatomical Plate and CRIF with TENS. Each technique has its own advantages and disadvantages.
Methods: 40 patients with displaced middle-third clavicle fractures were prospectively randomly assigned to two groups, Group-A (plating group) and Group-B (nailing group), with an equal number of 20 patients in each. The outcomes were evaluated based on Union-time, Complications, Visual-Analog-Scale for pain. The assessment of shoulder function was conducted using the DASH score.
Results: 9 (45%) of Group A patients achieved union in 6-7 months and 11 (55%) in 8 months, mean union time being 7.5 months. 4 (20%) had implant prominence, 3 (15%) had hypertrophic scar, 1 (5%) had plate-end protrusion post-union, and 2 (10%) had surgical site infection managed by intravenous antibiotics. In group B, 16 (80%) patients achieved union by 6-7 months and 4 (20%) by 8 months, mean union-time being 7.1 months. 3 (15%) patients had nail-end prominence, 3 (15%) had nail-end irritation by 4 months, one (5%) had nail-end protrusion by 6 months, and one (5%) had medial migration by 8 months. No surgical site infection occurred.
Conclusion: Plating provides firm fixation, greater rotational stability for displaced middle-third clavicular fractures. Complications with plating like scarring, implant prominence, irritation are significantly lesser in nailing. Both fixations provide good functional outcome.
Evaluation of functional and radiological outcome of core decompression with autologous corticocancellous bone grafting and intralesional zolendronic acid in early stages of avascular necrosis of femoral head
Authors: Devdass Varun , Kumar Deepak , Shetty Karan
Published: December 2024

Background: Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head is a progressive condition leading to bone necrosis, collapse, and joint dysfunction. Core decompression with autologous corticocancellous bone grafting is a common treatment option for early-stage AVN. This study aimed to compare the functional and radiological outcomes of core decompression with autologous corticocancellous bone grafting alone versus the same procedure with the addition of intralesional zolendronic acid in patients with early-stage AVN.
Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 20 patients (26 hips) diagnosed with early-stage AVN (Ficat stages I and II). Patients were randomly allocated into two groups. Group A underwent core decompression with bone grafting, while group B received the same procedure with the addition of zolendronic acid. Functional outcomes were assessed using the Harris hip score (HHS), pain relief was measured using the visual analog scale (VAS), and radiological progression was evaluated using MRI scans at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. SPSS version 23 was used for data analysis.
Results: Group B demonstrated significantly greater improvements in pain relief and functional outcomes at all follow-up intervals (p<0.05). The mean HHS in group B improved from 50.5±8.0 preoperatively to 88.0±5.5 at 12 months, while group A showed an improvement from 49.0±7.7 to 79.2±6.6.
Conclusions: The addition of Zolendronic acid to core decompression and autologous corticocancellous bone grafting significantly enhances both functional and radiological outcomes in patients with early-stage AVN.
A comparative prospective study of retrograde nailing versus locked compression plating in distal third femur fractures
Authors: Deepthi Sabavath , Priyanka Mise , Habeeb Fatima Heba , S. Bharath Kumar
Published: December 2024

Background: Treatment of distal femur fractures is complicated by the fact that the majority of these fractures occur near to transverse neurovascular structures. Present study aimed to assess the outcome in patients undergoing retrograde nailing vs locked compression plating in distal third femur fractures.
Methods: The present prospective study was conducted among all the patients visiting Mamata general hospital Khammam with distal third femur fractures between age 18-80 years during the period of October 2020- September 2022. The patients were treated with retrograde nailing in group and locked compression plating in another group of patients with distal third femur fracture.
Results: On assessment of the clinical outcome during the follow-up period, there is significantly lower clinical outcome score among the patients in the nailing group compared to the plate. Similarly, the radiological scores between the groups, there is significantly higher mean score among the patients in the nail group compared to the plate group.    
Conclusions: The present study showed a significant clinical outcome and radiological score among the patients treated with retrograde nailing compared to the patients treated with locking compression plating technique for distal third fracture of femur.
A comparative study of intramedullary nailing versus minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis for extra articular distal tibia fracture
Authors: Pasha Rahil T. , Sasnur Prakash A. , Basha K. Moinuddin , Zahid Syed Hasan
Published: December 2024

Background: Distal tibia fractures are among the most challenging orthopaedic injuries due to their subcutaneous location, limited blood supply and proximity to the ankle joint. These fractures often result in complications such as delayed-union, non-union, wound infection and malalignment. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of two minimally invasive surgical methods: Intramedullary Nailing (IMN) and Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis (MIPPO) in treating extra- articular distal tibia fractures.
Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 30 patients with extra-articular distal tibia fractures. The participants were divided into two groups, 15 patients receiving IMN and 15 patients MIPPO. Clinical assessments were carried out to evaluate functional outcomes, union time and complications. Radiological evaluations were used to monitor the progress of fracture healing.
Results: Both IMN and MIPPO were effective in treating distal tibia fractures, with each technique having its advantages and drawbacks. IMN showed a shorter union time and fewer wound complications compared to MIPPO, which demonstrated better alignment and fewer malunions. However, IMN was associated with a higher incidence of anterior knee pain, whereas MIPPO had more cases of implant irritation leading to reoperation.
Conclusions: Both IMN and MIPPO offer viable treatment options for extra-articular distal tibia fractures. IMN is preferred in cases where early weight-bearing and faster union are critical, particularly in patients with soft tissue concerns. Conversely, MIPPO is advantageous in achieving better alignment and should be considered when soft tissue conditions allow. We conclude by Intramedullary Nailing as better treatment modality for distal tibia extra articular fractures.
Comparative study of functional outcome and complication in low profile recon plates vs anatomical anteromedial distal tibial plate in extra articular distal 4th tibia fibula fracture
Authors: Kushwah Kundan , Rajput Deepak Singh , Ghormare Prabhat
Published: December 2024

Background: Treatment of distal tibia fractures is challenging because of its subcutaneous location, poor vascularity and limited soft tissue envelope. Various modalities of surgical treatment such as intramedullary nailing, open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with conventional plate osteosynthesis and external fixation have reported good functional outcomes but had a high complication rate. We decided to review the results of treatment of extra articular distal 4th tibia fracture using low profile plates.
Methods: The 30 patients with distal 1/4rd tibia extra-articular fractures with or without associated fibula fractures were treated with anatomical anteromedial distal tibia plate vs low profile recon plate. The present prospective study was conducted in department of orthopaedics, MGMMC and M. Y. hospital, Indore between January 2023- May 2024.
Results: All fractures had excellent clinical and functional outcome, with an average operative time of 49 minutes. The age of the patients ranged from 18 to 60 years (mean 42.7 years). Assessment on basis of Karstorm and Oleruad score at 6-month post treatment showed that majority of patients had excellent score (56.7%). Poor outcome was reported in only 3.3% patient. Most common complication was ankle stiffness in both type of plating groups followed by deep infection.
Conclusions: Both types plate showed similar functional outcome. However, low profile recon plate had lesser complications as compared to anatomical plates i.e., hardware like sensation, wound dehiscence ankle stiffness, deep infection and screw breakage.
Outcomes of proximal fibular osteotomy in osteoarthritis knee
Authors: Tejura Mihir A. , Sonawane Darshankumar N.
Published: December 2024

The need for management of mild to moderate osteoarthritis (OA) knee surgically with a new method that is relatively simple, less invasive, less expensive and suitable for Indian setting postulated to offer short to medium term relief and defers the need for a major surgery like total knee replacement was served by a novel surgical technique of proximal fibular osteotomy (PFO). The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy, functional outcomes and complications of PFO in OA of knee joint. Total 20 patients (33 knees) with OA knee operated by PFO were included in the study and were followed up at 1 month, 3 months and 6 months postoperatively. The outcomes of PFO were evaluated using VAS score, functional american knee society score and Kellgren Lawrence (KL) scale and the patients were evaluated post-operatively for development of any complication and it’s improvement at each follow up. The results showed significant improvement in efficacy and functional outcomes with respect to VAS score and functional American knee society score however there was no significant change in KL scale grading postoperative. Few patients developed EHL weakness and hypoaesthesia post-operatively which gradually improved at further follow ups. This study concludes that PFO is a safe and efficacious method of management of OA knee showing significant pain relief and improving functional outcomes of patient significantly.
Modified thread technique, 2 threads 7 days in cases of wrist ganglions: a case series
Authors: Dadhaniya Ravikumar R. , Ghoti Santosh , Dudhanale Akshay , Singh Amrendra
Published: December 2024

Ganglion cysts are soft tissue swellings occurring most commonly in the hand or wrist, they are usually asymptomatic. The 70% cases of ganglion are observed on the dorsal side of wrist. Ganglion cysts arise from mesenchymal cells at the synovial capsular junction as a result of the continuous micro-injury. Ganglion cysts have a recurrence rate of approximately 15% to 20%. Gang et al introduced the technique of treating ganglion by passing a silk thread to induce chronic inflammation leading to obliteration of the cyst. Three cases with wrist swelling without tenderness. On examination swelling is firm consistency, slightly mobile, not adherent to underlying or overlying structures, without local rise of temperature. Ultrasonography has confirmed the diagnosis of ganglion cyst. Modified thread technique has been planned. Patient has been followed on day 3, 5, 21, 90th day. Patient has no suture site complications, with no recurrence on 3 month follow up. The cyst was stabilised and a sterile silk/linen thread on a cutting needle was passed through the cyst and taken out from the opposite side from 3 O’clock to 9 O’clock position. Second thread was passed perpendicular to first one from 12 O’clock to 6 O’clock position. The contents of ganglion were expressed out by firm pressure. Thread was removed on the seventh day irrespective of presence or absence of yellowish discharge. Patients were followed up on the fifth day after thread removal. Patients were then followed at monthly intervals for first three months. Non-surgical techniques used are aspiration, sclerotherapy, steroid injection, hyaluronidase injection, immobilization and thread technique. These have high recurrence rates. Surgical excision has lower recurrence rates, but they have a high complication rate. The thread technique is being considered as a newer option since it has recurrence rates comparable to surgical excision and complication rates comparable to nonsurgical techniques.
The dark side of cartilage: ochronosis unmasked during femoral neck fracture surgery
Authors: Chaudhari Kunal , Parth Kumar , Kothari Maulik , Bava Surendar S. , Phunde Rajendra , Somani Rohit
Published: December 2024

Alkaptonuria is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by a deficiency in homogentisic acid oxidase, leading to the accumulation of homogentisic acid in connective tissues. It is characterized by bluish-black pigmentation of cartilage and other connective tissues, with progressive joint degeneration and early-onset osteoarthritis. Ochronosis typically becomes symptomatic after the age of 30, affecting larger joints and the spine. A 75-year-old female presented with a transcervical femoral neck fracture and a right distal end radius fracture following a fall. During hip surgery, intraoperative findings included blackish discoloration of the femoral head and acetabulum. The patient had a history of stooped posture and calcified intervertebral discs. Further examination revealed ochronotic pigmentation of the sclera and ear cartilage, and a urine test confirmed the diagnosis of ochronosis. Postoperative recovery was uneventful. Ochronosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with calcified intervertebral discs and early-onset joint degeneration. The condition is typically asymptomatic until joint involvement occurs. Current treatment options are limited, though nitisinone and dietary modifications show some promise. This case highlights the importance of recognizing ochronosis in patients with joint degeneration, particularly when intraoperative findings reveal characteristic pigmentation.
Sub-acute post traumatic ascending myelopathy with superimposed infection in a diabetic: a case report
Authors: Shenoy Shreya , Prasath C. S. Vishnu , R. Manish , Bala Sargunan
Published: December 2024

Subacute posttraumatic ascending myelopathy (SPAM) is a rare entity associated with trauma to the spinal cord, usually at the level of the thoracic spine. Patient presents with neurological deterioration 4 or more levels above the site of primary injury. It usually follows an episode of fever unrelated to infection. A 43-year-old diabetic male patient with history of blunt trauma to thoracic spine with T5 flexion distraction injury with ASIA A neurology, underwent T3-T6 posterior instrumented stabilisation. Four weeks following this, he presented with signs of encephalopathy with CSF culture showing Acinetobacter baumanii. Though the patient had improvement with culture- sensitivity appropriate antibiotics, he developed ascending neurological deficits on day 3 of admission. On repeat MRI, he showed cord oedema up to C3. He was started on steroids and showed remarkable clinical improvement. SPAM must be kept as a differential in the diagnosis of a postoperative event with similar clinical picture.
From numbness to diagnosis: a case of median nerve schwannoma
Authors: Krishnan Nandu , Singla Jatinder Kumar , Gupta Rajat , Gautam Vishal
Published: December 2024

Schwannomas are a common entity, but upper limb schwannomas are rarely encountered. Even in hand, ulnar nerve schwannomas are more commonly published than median nerve schwannomas. Hence, we present a case report of median nerve schwannoma in a 54-year-old woman. She presented with a benign swelling of 3 cm associated with numbness and pain. On examination, Tinels sign was positive. MRI revealed a well-defined swelling that was hypointense on T1 and hyperintense on T2 STIR images. The swelling was marginally excised, and histopathology revealed the presence of Antoni A and B cells, consistent with Schwannoma. The patient was completely asymptomatic at 1-month follow-up. This case report stands as a testament to how early diagnosis and treatment can help in alleviating the physical as well as psychological stress in such patients.
Effects of clothes on hyperpigmentation and sunburn on people of India
Authors: Kundu Ananya , Kundu Aditya
Published: December 2024

Background: Many people suffer from sunburn and hyperpigmentation. Solar radiation can lead to hyperpigmentation as it easily triggers the production of melanin. Hyperpigmentation, sunburn and skin aging is determined by genetic aspects, lifestyle, and environmental factors. So, clothes likely to influence solar radiation related sufferings. The objective of the study is to test if suffering from solar radiation is associated with the nature of clothes used by the persons, what extent clothes can provide protection against solar radiation, and which type of clothes can provide maximum protection.   
Methods: The Cohort study methods used for this study. The study done in two stages, first stage pilot study conducted to validate the instruments and methods used in the study. Second stage is the data collection and analysis for statistical testing and hypothesis testing.
Results: Persons wearing dark coloured loose and thick clothes covering most of their body parts can get 15 times more protection compared to the persons wearing light coloured tight and thin clothes covering less body parts.
Conclusions: People can protect themselves from solar radiation in an affordable manner by choosing appropriate clothing.
Prevalence and determinants of acanthosis nigricans among adolescents: a school based cross sectional study in Southern Kerala
Authors: George Babu , A. R. Juby Raj , M. L. Leena , Bhaskaran Deepa , I. Lalikumari , Mahendran Preema , T. Neethu
Published: December 2024

Background: Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is a dermatologic condition that may be associated with various underlying medical conditions and is increasingly seen in obese children and adolescents. Assessing AN in adolescents is crucial as it can serve as an early indicator of underlying insulin resistance and metabolic disorders.
Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among class eleven higher secondary students in public and aided sector in Thiruvananthapuram district of Kerala. A total of 1832 students were recruited using multistage cluster sampling procedure. The participants were examined and neck grading for acanthosis was recorded. Anthropometric readings along with blood pressure, perceived stress levels, family history of diseases as well as life style habits were also evaluated. The female participants were examined for symptoms of anovulation and hyperandrogenism.
Results: A total of 1832 students participated in the study of which 66% were girls and 34% were boys. About 26% were found to have AN. Prevalence of Acanthosis was higher in girls (30.3%) compared to boys (18%). Hypertension (OR: 2.83, 95% CI: 2.25-3.55), overweight or obesity (OR: 10.67, 95% CI: 8.26-13.78) and high levels of perceived stress (OR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.05-2.30) were found to be significantly associated with acanthosis.
Conclusions: The findings suggest that AN neck grading can serve as a useful tool for non-communicable disease screening in schools, enabling the identification of students who may require further evaluation and intervention.
Cellular pattern of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in suspected cases of interstitial lung diseases
Authors: Rimal Binu , Shah Niharika , Paudyal Punam , Dahal Mona , Mishra Deebya Raj
Published: December 2024

: Bronchoalveolar lavage, a safe and less invasive treatment, is used as an auxiliary diagnostic tool when lung biopsy and radiologic imaging are insufficient in providing information to diagnosis interstitial lung disease (ILD).

The aim is to analyse differential count in Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid in suspected cases of interstitial lung diseases and hence guiding clinicians for better management of the patient.

A cross-sectional study was performed for one year. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was recovered from thirty suspected cases of ILD, and sent to the cytopathology department where at least 400 cells were microscopically analyzed on centrifuged slides.

Among 30 suspected casesNeutrophilic cellular pattern was predominantly observed in six cases ofUsual Interstitial Pneumonia, five cases of Non-specific Interstitial Pneumonia and four cases of Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia. Similarly, lymphocytic cellular pattern was predominant in four cases of Sarcoidosis. Among four cases each of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis and Granulomatous Polyangitis, different cellular pattern was discerned in each case. Acute interstitial pneumonia and silicosis each had one case exhibiting mixed cellular pattern and increased macrophages respectively. Because subcategorization was not possible, 1 case was assigned an ILD-post-COVID status that showed Normal cellullar pattern.

When treating suspected cases of ILDs, BAL fluid analysis may be essential in helping the physician confirm a diagnosis or narrow the differential diagnosis. In addition, BAL helps to predict whether a disease is acute or chronic and provide details on the condition of superadded infections to help with proper treatment.
“Clearly, Carefully and Precisely”: On Music in the Constitutions of the Order of Saint Paul the First Hermit from the 17th and 18th Centuries
Authors: Jędrzejski Michał
Published: December 2024

From the very beginning of the Order of Saint Paul the First Hermit, music was the object of particular concern of the Pauline Fathers, which has been reflected in the monastic constitutions. Three of them are the title sources of the article, the aim of which is to present references to music contained in the Pauline constitutions from 1636, 1643 and 1725, compare them and draw conclusions on the codification of music in these constitutions. The text is divided into three main parts, respectively, to three editions of the constitutions. All the sources examined prove that the codification of music in the Pauline Order was characterized by detail and rigor in regulating singing, postures, participation in vocal exercises and the selection of the liturgical repertoire. Marian piety was a special principle that organized the liturgical and musical regulations contained in the Pauline constitutions.
Warszawscy pielgrzymi w PRL. Znaczenia w śpiewie ukryte
Authors: Śnieżek Barbara
Published: December 2024

Autorka omawia zachowania muzyczne i repertuar pielgrzymów Warszawskiej Pielgrzymki Pieszej na Jasną Górę stanowiące odpowiedź na sytuację społeczno-polityczną w okresie PRL. Wychodzi od tezy Bohlmana, że w muzyce pielgrzymów można odnaleźć ukryte znaczenia, które okazują się pomocne w zrozumieniu tej grupy w określonym czasie. Najpierw przygląda się działaniom podejmowanym przez władzę komunistyczną wobec pielgrzymek w Polsce. Następnie omawia sposoby, w jakie pielgrzymi reagowali na nie poprzez śpiew w trzech wybranych okresach: podczas „zakazanej” pielgrzymki w 1963 r., podczas pielgrzymki w milenijnym roku 1966 oraz w latach 80. XX wieku. Ostatnia część artykułu stanowi refleksję nad znaczeniami nadawanymi pielgrzymce i muzyce pielgrzymkowej w omawianym okresie. Analizy prowadzą do wniosku, że śpiew w czasach PRL był dla pielgrzymów sposobem wyrażania uczuć i poglądów oraz środkiem wzmacniającym opór wobec władzy.
Impact of High-Volume Chemicals on Androgen Signalling and Male Reproductive Health
Authors: Sehrawat Deepika , Bagchi Gargi
Published: December 2024

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals, or EDCs, are the chemicals in the environment that can alter hormonal functions in humans and animals. Many industrial chemicals that act as EDCs are used and produced in large quantities worldwide. Because of their large-scale production, they are known as ‘High volume chemicals’ or HVCs. Humans and animals are exposed to these chemicals by day-to-day use of different products or through contaminated food or water. These HVCs greatly impact the hormone system of exposed living beings and their physiology. Many of these high-volume EDCs specifically interfere with male hormone (androgen) signalling by influencing biosynthesis, metabolism, and function of the Androgen Receptor (AR), resulting in a disruption of typical male developmental programming. As androgen is critical for male sexual differentiation, males are extremely susceptible to these androgen disruptors. Animal exposure studies demonstrate that these androgen disruptors lead to a decrease in sperm count, infertility, testicular dysgenesis, and prostate cancer, which is prevalent in many parts of the world today. Routinely used HVCs that can act as androgen-disruptors include Bisphenol (BPA), Phthalates, Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), Glyphosate and Methoxy, Methoxyacetic Acid (MAA), among others. These chemicals disrupt androgen signalling by different mechanisms and result in the disruption of normal male physiological processes. This review highlights the toxicities and molecular mechanisms of hormone disruption induced by these routinely used high-volume chemicals that disrupt androgen signalling.
Os super-heróis como possibilidades de alcanse para promoção de competências socioemocionais
Authors: Weschenfelder Gelson Vanderlei
Published: December 2024

Os super-heróis das histórias em quadrinhos e suas derivações para o cinema e séries, trazem em seus enredos questões referentes a condição humana, questões como virtudes, discussões morais e éticas são tão comuns, mas também enfocam questões sobre espírito comunitário, confiança mútua, força e coragem, temas inspiradores para o desenvolvimento humano. Porém, estes ícones da cultura pop, são pouco conhecidos e principalmente trabalhados em ambientes escolares. Muito disso se dá pela desvalorizam a este objeto cultural e também de não saber como utilizá-los como instrumentos de aprendizagens. Há hoje, inúmeros estudos que vem mostrar os ganhos no rendimento dos alunos em utilizar esses personagens (WESCHENFELDER, 2017). Usados em diversas áreas, os super-heróis são fortes influências e podem empoderar crianças e adolescentes em situações de vulnerabilidade social, principalmente em ambiente escolar. Assim sendo, esse artigo, tem como objetivo propor analisar e propor novas possibilidades de formação continuada para docentes de escolas de educação básica, demonstrando que os super-heróis possam ser importantes recursos para o desenvolvimento de intervenções para gerar competências socioemocionais e de educação ética em contextos educativos diversos.
A Constituição Docente à Luz dos Princípios Franciscanos
Authors: Moro Valderesa , Rosa da Veiga Célia de Fátima
Published: December 2024

O objetivo do texto é refletir sobre a contribuição dos princípios educativos franciscanos para a constituição docente. A metodologia é qualitativa, com relato de experiência e apresenta os resultados da tese de doutorado de uma das autoras. A experiência envolve seis professores da educação básica de uma rede do sul do Brasil. Os instrumentos utilizados foram o diário de campo e o grupo focal. A lente teórica de análise possibilitou a revisão da experiência sob o ângulo da pedagogia franciscana. Os resultados mostram que a formação continuada do professor é inerente ao processo profissional, exigindo tempo e diálogo sobre suas práticas; a formação continuada à luz dos princípios franciscanos permite colocar a pessoa no centro do processo educativo; o estudo e o confronto com a prática permitem ao professor perceber-se como um ser que se faz e refaz como profissional e como pessoa; a Pedagogia do Encontro é cada vez mais significativa na formação.
Palavras-chave: Educação básica; Princípios Franciscanos; Formação continuada docente; Constituição Docente.
Phytosomes – an Effective Drug-Delivery System. Development, Technology, Application.
Authors: Khabarov I.A. , Sergazy S.D. , Maikenova A.S. , Zhabayeva A.N. , Maslova O.V. , Adekenov S.M.
Published: December 2024

Herbal ingredients are widely used in practice due to their broad pharmacological effects and absence of side effects. However, despite their remarkable pharmacodynamic activity, most of the herbal ingredients have shown lower bioavailability in vivo conditions. New drug-delivery systems acquired vital importance because of higher bioavailability and overall therapeutic efficacy. A review of various studies on the production and application of phytosomal medical forms, which are in the form of hybrid molecules with high solubility in lipid and aqueous environments, is presented in this article. In an aquatic environment phytosomes group and form micelles. Phytosomes are used for increasing the bioavailability of the medical component, targeted delivery, and increasing the effect of the action of a medical drug while decreasing its therapeutic dose. Expanding the range of phytosomal medicinal forms, including sesquiterpene lactones, flavonoids, and other hydrophilic compounds is a perspective direction. In literary sources, methods for establishing quality control are practically absent and require development as well as unification.
Sealing Compositions Based on Polysulfide Oligomers Obtained by a Modified Method
Authors: Myshyrova Z.K. , Tulepov M.I. , Sassykova L.R. , Busquets R.
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the physical and mechanical properties of composites based on polysulfide oligomers (PSO) filled with carbon black (CB) grade K-354 and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The purpose of this work was to study composites obtained by a modified method of thiocol synthesis using sodium sulfide and sodium hydrosulfate. It was revealed that the introduction of nanotubes to the thiocol matrix into the composition leads to a significant change in elastic-strength properties, leading to an increase in tensile strength by 16%. At the same time, the elongation at break decreases by 15%. Thus, in this work, the possibility of obtaining thiocols in a new way with satisfactory physical and mechanical properties was demonstrated. The work also assessed the resistance of composites to the action of aggressive substances after exposure of composites in various media (gasoline, benzene, concentrated acids), it was noted that the introduction of MWCNT increases this indicator.
Identification and Characterization of Sulfur Cake from Stepnogorsk Sulfuric Acid Plant
Authors: Tileuberdi Ye. , Imanbayev Ye. , Kanzharkan Ye. , Kidyrali A. , Frolov S. , Bektenov N.
Published: December 2024

In the paper, the physical and chemical characteristics of sulfur cake from Stepnogorsk Sulfuric Acid Plant (SSAP LLP) were studied. During the production of sulfuric acid, 130–200 tons of sulfur-containing residues are accumulated per year, the storage of which negatively affects the environment. The peaks of IR spectrum analyses are linked to the stretching vibrations of S=O, S-S bonds, and O-S-O groups. The chemical composition of the filtration waste of molten sulfur from the settling tanks of the Stepnogorsk sulfuric acid plant is represented by the following elements: S (about 60 wt.%), O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, Cl, Ca, Fe, Cu, Pb, and Zn. The content of organic compounds in sulfur cake is low, and mineral components – gypsum, calcium sulfate, and silicates are contained in insignificant quantities, which makes it possible to use it for the production of composite materials for construction purposes. Using compositions will improve the properties of materials and provide an opportunity to sell additional volumes of sulfur on the domestic market, which will reduce the consequences of excess production and the environmental burden from long-term storage of sulfur-containing waste.
Materials for the distribution of the great crested newt Triturus cristatus (Laurenti, 1768) (Amphibia, Caudata, Salamandridae) in the Tula region
Authors:   Tula Regional Exotarium, Shiryaev K. A. , Terentev R. A. ,   Tula Regional Exotarium
Published: December 2024

Over the entire observation history (up to and including 2023), the great crested newt Triturus cristatus (Laurenti, 1768) was found in 39 localities within 12 out of 23 administrative districts of the Tula region, with 23 locations (59%) discovered in the last 4 years (2020–2023). The vast majority of the find points (92.3%) belong to the zones of coniferous-broadleaved and broadleaved forests. The species is less common in the forest-steppe zone, although in general its distribution here is insufficiently studied. In the Tula region, the great crested newt spends its aquatic phase of life predominantly in artificial water bodies (71.4% of 28 cases), which is associated with a shortage of natural stagnant and semi-flowing water bodies due to the region's location on the Central Russian Upland. The abundance of T. cristatus in the populations identified in recent years is extremely low (the number of adult individuals counted in a specific water body has never exceeded several dozen). The article discusses species-specific limiting factors, among which, in recent decades, the colonization of small water bodies in the Tula region by the amur sleeper Perccottus glenii Dybowski, 1877, has had a particularly strong influence on the distribution and abundance of the great crested newt.
Morphological characteristics of Elaphe dione (Pallas, 1773) (Reptilia: Colubridae) on the North of the range in the Samara region
Authors:   Samara Federal Research Center of RAS, Klenina A. A. , Kuznetsova E. V. ,   Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBSI “Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery”
Published: December 2024

A detailed morphological description of the Elaphe dione (Pallas, 1773) in the Samara region is given. In wild-caught adult specimens that were not in a state of molting (n = 119), three variants of belly coloration were identified: beige (47.0%), ginger (26.9%), and gray (26.1%). Among individuals with beige and ginger bellies predominated males (67.9% and 59.4%, respectively), and females with gray bellies predominated (54.8%). The first case of partial melanism in the region was registered. The maximum L.corp. of captured snakes was 1050 mm for females and 930 mm for males. The average value of the index. L.corp. / L.cd. in juvenile (n = 6) and adult females (n = 51) is higher than that in similar males (n = 10 and n = 63), equal to 5.3 for females of both ages and 4.4 / 4.2 for males of the named age, respectively. Ranges of variability of L.corp. / L.cd. over-lapped by one value in young individuals (5.1 – 5.5 in females and 4.2 – 5.1 in males) and did not overlap in adult snakes (4.9 – 6.0 in females and 3.8 – 4.7 in males) due to changes in body proportions with age. Males had a lower mean Ventr. value and a larger number of Scd. compared to females (191.4 and 67.2 versus 204.2 and 59.6, respectively). For the Lab. characteristic on the left and right five combination options were identified, for Temp.I+II – 7 and 10 respectively. The proportion of asymmetric individuals of both sexes (n = 195) according to bilateral characteristics (Lab., Temp.I L / R, Temp.II L / R) was 88%. The FAMI index in males (n = 111) and females (n = 84) was 0.86 and 0.89, respectively.