bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fascination boréale – L’exemple de Carl von Linné
Authors: Battail Jean-François
Published: January 2019

Linné a 25 ans lorsqu’en 1732 il entreprend un voyage d’exploration en Laponie, à cette époque encore mystérieuse. Ses carnets de voyage, publiés longtemps après sa mort, constituent un document exceptionnel par leur contenu scientifique et leur valeur littéraire. Ils témoignent aussi de la fascination du jeune botaniste pour les contrées hyperboréennes et pour leurs habitants, ces Sâmes qui vivent en symbiose avec la nature.
Tyrannies de la transparence
Authors: Alloa Emmanuel , Citton Yves
Published: January 2019

L’idéal de transparence semble s’imposer à tous les esprits comme une évidence. Toute opacité est suspecte de cacher des pratiques douteuses (népotisme, corruption, détournement, abus) en faisant obstacle à une indispensable soif de vérité. Prenant à contre-pied cette aspiration commune à tout rendre transparent, on s’efforce ici de souligner certains des coûts, des écueils et des victimes collatérales de l’impératif de transparence agité aujourd’hui de façon irréfléchie dans nos discours publics.
Le design de la transparence
Authors: Cellard Loup , Masure Anthony
Published: January 2019

Historiquement, un des objectifs du design est de rendre le monde intelligible en structurant la médiation du visible. Cette opération de sélection va nécessairement à l’encontre d’une compréhension (transparence) totale du réel, que vise la mathématisation du monde propre à l’informatique. Celle-ci s’est répandue parmi nous via le développement des interfaces numériques, qui tendent à devenir des médiateurs incontournables de toute activité humaine. Le design se trouve pris dans trois injonctions paradoxales, que cet article articule et s’efforce de dépasser.
Logistique de la « dématérialisation »
Authors: Puglia Ezio
Published: January 2019

La dimension immatérielle de notre réalité, grâce aux prothèses informatiques et médiatiques, est devenue de plus en plus étendue et puissante. Cet article suggère que la prétendue « dématérialisation » comporte le recel des conditions matérielles nécessaires à son propre essor. Il examine le rôle joué par la logistique dans ce processus de refoulement systématique de la jointure entre matériel et immatériel. Permettant que la marchandise puisse « apparaître » presque magiquement sur les rayons des magasins ou directement chez nous, et que les déchets puissent « disparaître » tout aussi magiquement, l’organisation logistique actuelle repose sur un mix unique de transparence et d’opacisation.
Mad Marx
Authors: Hanson Lenora , Neyrat Frédéric
Published: January 2019

Comment les interruptions des logiques capitalistes peuvent-elles devenir immédiatement des sites de reproduction , de sorte que nos tentatives pour réagir à la destruction capitaliste soient simultanément des pratiques de care capables de durer ? Quelles tactiques et quels espaces, quelles relations sociales et écologiques doivent être sauvées du passé et reconnues comme capables d’agir au présent, alors que le capitalisme se reproduit en détruisant les conditions de la reproduction du vivant, de la vie psychique, culturelle, et écologique ? Si la nostalgie tend à caractériser la dialectique entre production et parti, hégémonie et pouvoir d’État, alors quelles empathies, quels deuils et quelles fureurs, doivent être trouvées et promues sur le terrain où s’expriment la violence directe et l’expropriation définissant notre présent ? Un communisme intempéré se cherche dans cet article, pour donner forme à la conjuration politique des intempéries qui menacent notre existence terrestre.
Le communisme des revenants
Authors: Losange Adam
Published: January 2019

Que faire quand tout est perdu ? Céder la place aux fantômes.
Los órganos de la Catedral de Valencia en el siglo XVII
Authors: Climent José
Published: January 2019

No disponible
Barbieri y los editores musicales
Authors: Gosálvez Lara Carlos José
Published: January 2019

No disponible
Buxtehudes Orgel-Chaconne in c-Moll
Authors: Bockmaier Claus
Published: January 2019

Not available
Relación entre el verso castellano y la técnica de composición musical en los villancicos de Fr. Manuel Correa (s. XVII)
Authors: González Valle José V.
Published: January 2019

No disponible
El cambio estilístico de la música para teclado en España a través del manuscrito M1012: tiento, tocata, sonata
Authors: Pedrero-Encabo Águeda
Published: January 2019

No disponible
En torno al folklore musical y su utilización. El caso de las Misiones Pedagógicas y la Sección Femenina
Authors: Lizarazu De Mesa Mª Asunción
Published: January 2019

No disponible
Música y devoción en Granada (siglos XVI-XVIII): Funcionamiento «extravagante» y tipología de plazas no asalariadas en las capillas musicales eclesiásticas de la ciudad
Authors: Ruiz Jiménez Juan
Published: January 2019

Granada presenta la peculiaridad de contar con tres capillas musicales estables al servicio de las tres instituciones religiosas más importantes de la ciudad: la catedral, la Capilla Real y la colegiata del Salvador. Éstas obtendrán importantes ingresos procedentes de su participación en las principales fiestas religiosas locales, así como de sus actuaciones en numerosas poblaciones de la diócesis, e incluso fuera de ella, que propiciarán su supervivencia. Los desplazamientos al exterior constituirán el punto de conexión más importante entre la música desarrollada en el interior de sus templos y su proyección a los diversos espacios religiosos y seculares del marco urbano. La estructura de estas tres capillas musicales incluye, además de las tipologías habituales en el resto de la geografía española, tres categorías de «plazas» que podemos clasificar según los ingresos derivados de las mismas. Su característica principal será la no percepción de rentas fijas por parte de la fábrica de sus instituciones. El interés del estudio de estas plazas radica en su vertiente formativa y modificadora de las composiciones cualitativas y cuantitativas de las plantillas de las capillas musicales granadinas, especialmente desde finales del siglo XVII hasta bien entrado el siglo XIX.
Francisco Guerrero héritier de la tradition franco-flamande: onze pièces basées sur un ostinato
Authors: Trachier Olivier
Published: January 2019

In his religious works, Francisco Guerrero several times uses a type of contrapuntal composition rather unusual in his period: writing on cantus firmus ostinato. For German musicologists, it represents one of the last forms of the medieval isorythmic motet. The architectural study, especially elaborate, is regulated by a real musical arithmetic scheme issued from ars música mathematica. Therefore, Guerrero dignifies his predecessors tradition illustrated by the Josquin des Prés's Miserere for 5 voices. He also succeeds his master Cristobal de Morales, appearing to make use of some of the former's models. Nevertheless he knows how to compose in an up-to-date manner and give oratorial meaning and efficiency to the ostinato, as the greatest rhetoricians. This peculiarity of this musical personality harmoniously combines with its innovating side -that of villancicos and polychorals motets- in order to give evidence of his universal genius.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Carl Friedrich Zelter und „die musikaUsche Malerey"
Authors: Körndle Franz
Published: January 2019

In the letters exchanged between Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Carl Friedrich Zelter the discussion concerning the so-called aesthetic of imitation (mimesis) on the one hand and the problem of "through composition" on the other occupies a prominent position. The example of the ballade, Johanna Sebus, and its setting by Zelter illustrates clearly Goethe's opinions on the possibilities of "musical painting". It also becomes evident that the poet was quite willing to forego the strophic scheme of a Lied setting in the interests of individual treatment of the text, in this case even to the extent of approving a form which approaches that of the cantata, complete with vocal ensemble. The numerous passages from the introductory chorus of Johann Sebastian Bach's St. Matthew Passion which Zelter incorporated into his setting permit further insight into the aesthetic values of the composer. They also document the fact that Zelter had familiarized himself with Bach's works much earlier than is generally supposed.
El estudio de las marcas de agua del papel como material para determinar la datación y procedencia de las fuentes histórico-musicales, y su grado de fiabilidad. (Una primera aproximación, a partir de los manuscritos de la primera mitad del siglo XVII del Archivo de Música de las catedrales De Zaragoza)
Authors: Ezquerro Esteban Antonio
Published: January 2019

El estudio de las marcas de agua del papel (consideradas como marca del fabricante) como herramienta para datar documentos musicales, e incluso para investigar sus posibles procedencias, es un terreno que hasta la fecha ha merecido escasa atención (en cualquier caso, menos de la que mereciera) por parte de los musicólogos en nuestro país. Dependemos de trabajos de historiadores, en la mayoría de las ocasiones centrados en el período medieval, en fuentes de otros países, o en estudios excesivamente localizados. Por otro lado, la bibliografía de referencia básica es antigua y proporciona pocas pistas concretas al musicólogo interesado en datar las fuentes de su estudio. A partir de un caso concreto, las fuentes musicales de la primera mitad del siglo XVII del Archivo de Música de las Catedrales de Zaragoza, este trabajo pretende plantear puntos de arranque para futuros trabajos, al tiempo que concienciar a los profesionales de la necesidad de recoger cuantas más marcas de agua, mejor, con vistas a contar con una buena colección de materiales entre los que poder "comparar", y hacer así de esta herramienta (todavía hoy, y para nuestra disciplina, no excesivamente "fiable", —únicamente por lo joven e inexplorada—), un apoyo básico para los estudios de la Musicología histórica del ámbito hispano.
Una nueva contribución a la técnica de la música de tecla antigua ibérica: unas digitaciones para órgano de 1649
Authors: Bernal Ripoll Miguel
Published: January 2019

Se exponen y comentan unas digitaciones para órgano de un tratado anónimo publicado en Madrid en 1649 (atribuido a Tomás Gómez por Lorente en «El porqué de la Música»), señalando su similitud con las digitaciones propuestas por Hernando de Cabezón en 1578. Se resumen otros detalles de interés de dicho tratado: instrucciones para el gobierno del coro, solfeo con siete sílabas y sin mutanzas, proporciones. El tratado muestra también la vigencia del sistema de notación por cifra en el siglo XVII, así como la importancia de la obra de Cabezón casi cien años después de su publicación.
Calendari músico-liturgic de la Catedral de Barcelona, finals del s. XVII-inicis del s. XVIII
Authors: Simó Josep Pavía I
Published: January 2019

El manuscrito "Manual del Cabiscol" del Archivo de la Catedral de Barcelona (1682-1729), contiene todas las normas que regían en dicha Catedral desde tiempos inmemoriales, concernientes al digno y solemne desarrollo del culto de dicha Catedral. En él se recogen hasta los más mínimos detalles de las ceremonias y ritos de todos los actos realizados en el coro, en el altar e incluso en las procesiones fuera de la iglesia, según las exigencias de cada solemnidad del año litúrgico. En el presente artículo, se entresaca de dicho "manual", todo lo que se refiere a la importante participación musical en cada una de dichas solemnidades.
Dioramas aquatiques : Théophile Gautier visite l’aquarium du Jardin d’acclimatation
Authors: Le Gall Guillaume
Published: January 2019

La première critique d’un aquarium public en France associe d’emblée le nouveau dispositif à la technique du diorama daguerrien. En décembre 1861, Théophile Gautier visite l’aquarium du Jardin zoologique d’acclimatation, quelques mois après son ouverture. Il évoque sa visite dans le journal Le Moniteur universel et décrit très précisément le spectacle, détaillant à la fois la structure du dispositif et la nature de la nouvelle image qui se présente à ses yeux. Une image-souvenir se forme devant lui. Dans son analyse et dans la narration de son expérience, Gautier dit être à l’aquarium « comme au diorama ». Si certains auteurs sollicitent le modèle du diorama pour comprendre et restituer la production des images issues du nouveau dispositif formé par l’aquarium, c’est en partie parce que, quand s’ouvre l’aquarium du jardin d’acclimatation, le spectacle de Daguerre est encore très prégnant dans la culture visuelle de l’époque. Sur la base de la conjonction des deux techniques de monstration, l’article porte sur l’idée que l’aquarium marque une étape dans l’histoire de la permanence du diorama daguerrien parmi les formes spectaculaires d’exposition.
Electron microprobe mineral analyses from Neoproterozoic to Carboniferous igneous rocks of the Cobequid Highlands, Nova Scotia
Authors: Pe-Piper G , Piper D J W , Imperial A
Published: January 2019

This Open File provides a data table (as an Excel file) of more than 3,000 mineral chemistry analyses determined by electron microprobe from representative samples of mostly igneous rocks from the Cobequid Highlands, Nova Scotia, as well as a few analyses from
sedimentary and low grade metamorphic rocks. The ages of the analysed samples range from Neoproterozoic to Carboniferous. Minerals analysed include both primary (magmatic) and secondary (hydrothermal or low grade metamorphic) minerals. Most analyses are from amphibole, biotite, clinopyroxene,
plagioclase, K-feldspar, titanite, rutile, allanite, orthopyroxene, zircon, apatite, garnet and Fe and Fe-Ti oxides. The secondary/hydrothermal/metamorphic mineral analyses include mostly biotite, chlorite, actinolite, epidote, albite, muscovite, garnet, pyrite and Fe and Fe-Ti
oxides.
An assessment of the Theology of Religions
Authors: Janse van Rensburg Johannes
Published: January 2019

No abstract available
A critical reflection on the psychology of retention
Authors: Van Zyl Llewellyn E.
Published: January 2019

No abstract available.
Об усреднении стационарной периодической системы Максвелла в ограниченной области
Authors: Suslina Tatiana Aleksandrovna
Published: January 2019

В ограниченной области $\mathcal{O}\subset\mathbb{R}^3$ класса $C^{1,1}$ рассматривается стационарная система Максвелла при граничных условиях идеальной проводимости. Предполагается, что диэлектрическая и магнитная проницаемости имеют вид $\eta(\mathbf{x}/\varepsilon)$ и $\mu(\mathbf{x}/\varepsilon)$, где $\eta$ и $\mu$ - симметричные ограниченные и положительно определенные матрицы-функции, периодические относительно некоторой решетки в $\mathbb{R}^3$. Здесь $\varepsilon>0$ - малый параметр. Известно, что при $\varepsilon\to0$ решения системы Максвелла сходятся слабо в $L_2(\mathcal{O})$ к решениям усредненной системы Максвелла с постоянными эффективными коэффициентами. Мы усиливаем классические результаты и находим аппроксимации решений по норме в $L_2(\mathcal{O})$ с оценками погрешности операторного типа.
Liquid-liquid phase separation in secondary organic aerosol particles produced from α-pinene ozonolysis and α-pinene photo-oxidation with/without ammonia
Authors: Ham Suhan , Babar Zaeem Bin , Lee Jaebong , Lim Hojin , Song Mijung
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Recently, liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) particles free of inorganic salts has been intensively studied because of their importance on cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) properties. Herein, we investigated LLPS in four different types of SOA particles generated from α-pinene ozonolysis and α-pinene photo-oxidation in the absence and presence of NH3. LLPS was observed in SOA particles produced from α-pinene ozonolysis at ~ 95.8 % relative humidity (RH) and α-pinene ozonolysis with NH3 at ~ 95.4 % RH. However, LLPS was not observed in SOA particles produced from α-pinene photo-oxidation and α-pinene photo-oxidation with NH3. With datasets of average oxygen to carbon elemental ratio (O : C) for different types of SOA particles of this study and previous studies, LLPS occurred when the O : C ratio was less than ~ 0.44 and LLPS did not occur when the O : C ratio was greater than ~ 0.40. When LLPS was observed, the two liquid phases were present up to ~ 100 % RH. This result can help to predict more accurate results of CCN properties of organic aerosol particles.
The export flux of particulate organic carbon derived from 210Po∕210Pb disequilibria along the North Atlantic GEOTRACES GA01 transect: GEOVIDE cruise
Authors: Tang Yi , Lemaitre Nolwenn , Castrillejo Maxi , Roca-Martí Montserrat , Masqué Pere , Stewart Gillian
Published: January 2019

Abstract. The disequilibrium between 210Po activity and 210Pb activity in
seawater samples was determined along the GEOTRACES GA01 transect in the
North Atlantic during the GEOVIDE cruise (May–June 2014). A steady-state
model was used to quantify vertical export of particulate 210Po.
Vertical advection was incorporated into one version of the model using
time-averaged vertical velocity, which had substantial variance. This
resulted in large uncertainties for the 210Po export flux in this model,
suggesting that those calculations of 210Po export fluxes should be used
with great care. Despite the large uncertainties, there is no question that
the deficits of 210Po in the Iberian Basin and at the Greenland
Shelf have been strongly affected by vertical advection. Using the export
flux of 210Po and the particulate organic carbon (POC) to 210Po
ratio of total (> 1 µm) particles, we determined the POC
export fluxes along the transect. Both the magnitude and efficiency of the
estimated POC export flux from the surface ocean varied spatially within our
study region. Export fluxes of POC ranged from negligible to 10 mmol C m−2 d−1, with enhanced POC export in the Labrador Sea. The cruise
track was characterized by overall low POC export relative to net primary
production (export efficiency < 1 %–15 %), but relatively high export
efficiencies were seen in the basins where diatoms dominated the
phytoplankton community. The particularly low export efficiencies in the
Iberian Basin, on the other hand, were explained by the dominance of smaller
phytoplankton, such as cyanobacteria or coccolithophores. POC fluxes
estimated from the 210Po∕210Pb and 234Th∕238U
disequilibria agreed within a factor of 3 along the transect, with higher POC
estimates generally derived from 234Th. The differences were attributed
to integration timescales and the history of bloom events.
Early season N2O emissions under variable water management in rice systems: source-partitioning emissions using isotope ratios along a depth profile
Authors: Verhoeven Elizabeth , Barthel Matti , Yu Longfei , Celi Luisella , Said-Pullicino Daniel , Sleutel Steven , Lewicka-Szczebak Dominika , Six Johan , Decock Charlotte
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Soil moisture strongly affects the balance between nitrification, denitrification
and N2O reduction and therefore the nitrogen (N) efficiency and N
losses in agricultural systems. In rice systems, there is a need to improve
alternative water management practices, which are designed to save water and
reduce methane emissions but may increase N2O and decrease nitrogen
use efficiency. In a field experiment with three water management treatments,
we measured N2O
isotope ratios of emitted and pore air N2O
(δ15N, δ18O and site preference, SP) over the
course of 6 weeks in the early rice growing season. Isotope ratio
measurements were coupled with simultaneous measurements of pore water
NO3-, NH4+, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), water-filled pore space (WFPS) and soil redox potential (Eh) at three soil depths.
We then used the relationship between SP × δ18O-N2O and
SP × δ15N-N2O in simple two end-member
mixing models to evaluate the contribution of nitrification, denitrification
and fungal denitrification to total N2O emissions and to estimate
N2O reduction rates. N2O emissions were higher in a
dry-seeded + alternate wetting and drying (DS-AWD) treatment relative to
water-seeded + alternate wetting and drying (WS-AWD) and
water-seeded + conventional flooding (WS-FLD) treatments. In the DS-AWD
treatment the highest emissions were associated with a high contribution from
denitrification and a decrease in N2O reduction, while in the WS
treatments, the highest emissions occurred when contributions from
denitrification/nitrifier denitrification and nitrification/fungal
denitrification were more equal. Modeled denitrification rates appeared to be
tightly linked to nitrification and NO3- availability in all
treatments; thus, water management affected the rate of denitrification and
N2O reduction by controlling the substrate availability for each
process (NO3- and N2O), likely through changes in
mineralization and nitrification rates. Our model estimates of mean
N2O reduction rates match well those observed in 15N
fertilizer labeling studies in rice systems and show promise for the use of
dual isotope ratio mixing models to estimate N2 losses.
Plant functional traits determined the latitudinal variations in soil microbial
functions: evidence from a forest transect in China
Authors: Xu Zhiwei , Yu Guirui , Zhang Xinyu , Wang Ruili , Zhao Ning , He Nianpeng , Wang Qiufeng
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Plant functional traits have increasingly been studied as determinants of ecosystem properties, especially for soil biogeochemical processes. While the relationships between biological community structures and ecological functions are a central issue in ecological theory, these relationships remain poorly understood at the large scale. We selected nine forests along the North–South Transect of Eastern China (NSTEC) to determine how plant functional traits influence the latitudinal pattern of soil microbial functions, and how soil microbial communities and functions are linked at the regional scale. We found that there was considerable variation in the profiles of different substrate use along the NSTEC. Soil microorganisms from temperate forests mainly metabolized high-energy substrates, while those from subtropical forests used all the substrates equally. The soil silt content and plant functional traits together shaped the biogeographical pattern of the soil microbial substrate use. Soil organic matter decomposition rates were significantly higher in temperate forests than in subtropical and tropical forests, which was consistent with the pattern of soil microbial biomass carbon concentrations. Soil organic matter decomposition rates were also significantly and negatively related to soil dissolved organic carbon concentrations, and carboxylic acid, polymer, and miscellaneous substrates. The soil microbial community structures and functions were significantly correlated along the NSTEC. Soil carbohydrate and polymer substrate use were mainly related to soil G+ bacterial and actinomycetes biomass, while the use of amine and miscellaneous substrates were related to soil G− bacteria, fungal biomass, and the F/B ratio. The contributions of different groups of microbial biomass to the production of soil enzyme activities differed. The relationship between soil microbial community structure and functions supported that there was functional dissimilarity.
Predicting near-term variability in ocean carbon uptake
Authors: Lovenduski Nicole S. , Yeager Stephen G. , Lindsay Keith , Long Matthew C.
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Interannual variations in air–sea fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2) impact
the global carbon cycle and climate system, and previous studies suggest that
these variations may be predictable in the near term (from a year to a decade
in advance). Here, we quantify and understand the sources of near-term
predictability and predictive skill in air–sea CO2 flux on global and
regional scales by analyzing output from a novel set of retrospective decadal
forecasts of an Earth system model. These forecasts exhibit the potential to
predict year-to-year variations in the globally integrated air–sea CO2
flux several years in advance, as indicated by the high correlation of the
forecasts with a model reconstruction of past CO2 flux evolution. This
potential predictability exceeds that obtained solely from foreknowledge of
variations in external forcing or a simple persistence forecast, with the
longest-lasting forecast enhancement in the subantarctic Southern Ocean and
the northern North Atlantic. Potential predictability in CO2 flux
variations is largely driven by predictability in the surface ocean partial
pressure of CO2, which itself is a function of predictability in surface
ocean dissolved inorganic carbon and alkalinity. The potential
predictability, however, is not realized as predictive skill, as indicated by
the moderate to low correlation of the forecasts with an
observationally based CO2 flux product. Nevertheless, our results suggest
that year-to-year variations in ocean carbon uptake have the potential to be
predicted well in advance and establish a precedent for forecasting air–sea
CO2 flux in the near future.
A synthetic satellite dataset of the spatio-temporal distributions of Emiliania huxleyi blooms and their impacts on Arctic and sub-Arctic marine environments (1998–2016)
Authors: Kondrik Dmitry , Kazakov Eduard , Pozdnyakov Dmitry
Published: January 2019

Abstract. A 19-year (1998–2016) continuous dataset is presented of
coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi distributions and activity, i.e. the release of CaCO3
in water and the decrease of uptake of dissolved CO2 by Emiliania huxleyi cells (e.g.
Kondrik et al., 2018a), in Arctic and sub-Arctic seas. The
dataset is based on optical remote-sensing data (mostly OC CCI data) with
assimilation of different relevant in situ observations, preprocessed with
authorial algorithms. Alongside bloom locations, we provide both
detailed information on E. huxleyi impacts on carbon balance and the sub-datasets of
quantified coccolith concentrations, particulate inorganic carbon content
and CO2 partial pressure in water driven by coccolithophores. All
data are presented on a regular 4×4 km grid at a temporal resolution of 8 days. The paper describes the theoretical and methodological basis for all
processing and modelling steps. The data are available on Zenodo:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1402033.
Application of environmental tracers for investigation of groundwater mean residence time and aquifer recharge in fault-influenced hydraulic drop alluvium aquifers
Authors: Ma Bin , Jin Menggui , Liang Xing , Li Jing
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Investigating groundwater residence time and recharge sources is crucial for
water resource management in the alluvium aquifers of arid basins.
Environmental tracers (chlorofluorocarbons, 3H, 14C, δ2H,
δ18O) and groundwater hydrochemical components are used for
assessing groundwater mean residence times (MRTs) and aquifer recharge in
fault-influenced hydraulic drop alluvium aquifers in the Manas River basin
(China). Aquifers under the Manas River upstream (south of the fault)
contains very high 3H activity (41.1–60 TU), implying water
recharge affected by the nuclear bomb tests of the 1960s. Carbon-14
groundwater age correlates positively with distance from mountain area
(3000–5000 years in the midstream to > 7000 years in the
downstream) and groundwater depth, but correlates negatively to a decrease in
3H activity (1.1 TU) and more negative δ18O values.
This phenomenon reveals that the source of the deeper groundwater in the
semi-confined aquifer is paleo-meteoric recharge. Special attention has been
paid to the estimation of MRTs using CFCs and 3H by an exponential
piston flow model. The results show that MRTs vary from 19 to 101 years by
CFCs and from 19 to 158 years by 3H. MRTs estimated from
3H are much longer than those from CFCs, probably due to the
different time lag of liquid (3H) and gas-phase CFCs through the
unsaturated zone. The MRTs estimated by CFCs show good correlations with pH
and the concentrations of SiO2 and SO42-, which can
provide a possible approach to estimate first-order proxies of MRTs for
groundwater age. The young water fractions are investigated by the CFC binary
mixing method in the south and north of the fault. Relatively modern recharge
is found in the south of the fault with young (post-1940) water fractions of
87 %–100 %, whereas in the north of the fault the young water
fractions vary from 12 % to 91 %. This study shows that the
combination of CFCs and 3H residence time tracers can help in
analysing the groundwater MRTs and the recharge sources for the different
mixing end-members.
An autonomous flame ionization detector for emission monitoring
Authors: Förster Jan , Kuipers Winfred , Lenz Christian , Ziesche Steffen , Bechtold Franz
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Reliable and very sensitive detection of hydrocarbons can be achieved with a
flame ionization detector (FID). Due to the required complex gas
infrastructure for the operation of an FID, these devices have not been
implemented as true field devices yet. Miniaturization by using ceramic
multilayer technology leads to a strong reduction of gas consumption and
allows autonomous operation of the FID with gas supply by electrolysis and
without external gas infrastructure. Therefore, this research enables the use
of the FID in the field. Characterization of this miniaturized FID reveals a
performance comparable to conventional FIDs.
Simulation of Fragmental Rockfalls Detected Using Terrestrial Laser
Scans from Rock Slopes in South-Central British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Sala Zac , Hutchinson D. Jean , Harrap Rob
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Rockfall presents an ongoing challenge to the safe operation of transportation infrastructure, creating hazardous conditions which can result in damage to roads and railways, as well as loss of life. Rockfall risk assessment frameworks often involve the determination of rockfall runout in an attempt to understand the likelihood that rockfall debris will reach an element at risk. Rockfall modelling programs which simulate the trajectory of rockfall material are one method commonly used to assess potential runout. This study aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of a rockfall simulation prototype which uses the Unity3D game engine. The technique is capable of simulating rockfall events comprised of many mobile fragments, a common limitation of available rockfall modelling programs. Five fragmental rockfalls were simulated using the technique, with slope and rockfall geometries constructed from high-resolution terrestrial laser scans. Simulated change detection was produced for each of the events and compared to the actual change detection results for each rockfall as a basis for testing model performance. In each case the simulated change detection results aligned well with the actual observed change in terms of location and magnitude. An example of how the technique could be used to support the design of rockfall catchment ditches is shown. Suggestions are made for future development of the simulation technique with a focus on better informing simulated rockfall fragment size and the timing of fragmentation.
The Determinants of Money Demand in Jordan: ARDL Approach
Authors: Al-Qudah Ali Mustafa
Published: January 2019

The current study examined the relationship between real money demand (M2) and its determinants represented by real gross domestic product, real interest rate, inflation rate and budget deficit in Jordan for the period (2000Q1-20018Q1). The study used unit root test, Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL), cointegration and long run, bound test to examine the study hypotheses. ARDL cointegration equation and ARDL Bound test show that there is a long run relationship between money demand M2 and its determinants, real interest rate, inflation rate, budget deficit and real gross domestic product. The short run ARDL results shows that the past period of money demand has a negative and significant impact on money demand, while inflation rate and Gross domestic product have a positive and significant impact on money demand in Jordan. The long run ARDL results show that the inflation rate, real gross domestic product and budget deficit have a positive long run relationship with money demand (M2)and Its impact on (M2 ) is positive and statistically significant at 1 percent level, while interest rate has a negative and significant impact on Money demand (M2 ). Inflation rate, real gross domestic product, budget deficit and interest rate are good determinants for money demand M2. The cumulative sum (CUSUM) of recursive residuals and cumulative sum of squares (CUSUMQ) of recursive residuals confirm that the estimated money demand M2 model is stable.
Romance and Racism after the Civil War
Authors: Jerng Mark C.
Published: January 2019

This chapter discusses the rebirth of the plantation romance from the 1900s through to the 1940s, discussing two key popular fictions: Thomas Dixon’s The Leopard’s Spots and Margaret Mitchell’s Gone With The Wind. It contextualizes the plantation romance as a genre that speculates on the past and on historiography itself. Such popular fictions re-tell the story of Reconstruction, not just to do a historical critique of it as misguided or as a failure, but to produce perceptual strategies that renew racisms along different lines. It shows how Gone With The Wind transforms racial perception from one based on status and character to one based on creating racial contexts.
The “Facts” of Blackness and Anthropological Worlds
Authors: Jerng Mark C.
Published: January 2019

This chapter discusses the origins and development of sword and sorcery in the pulps and fanzines of the 1930s. It starts with Robert Howard’s Conan the Barbarian stories and reads these stories in relation to contemporaneous fanzine commentary. show an intricate process of worldbuilding whereby race is located at higher and higher levels of meaning even though its correspondence with actual “races” is deeply questioned. This interpretive strategy mirrors the work of cultural anthropologists who were critiquing biological racism, thus demonstrating that race was not so much being critiqued as it was being elevated to a different order of meaning. It details these interpretive strategies in order to show the simultaneous reproduction of race in the building of sword and sorcery as a genre with the embedding of race in anthropological thought.
Introduction
Authors: Sandow Robert M.
Published: January 2019

This volume explores the significance and meanings of “loyalty” in the Northern states during the Civil War. Collectively, these essays use the experiences of differing individuals or groups to illuminate the ways in which notions of loyalty were defined and contested. A number of patterns emerge. First, discussions of the term went beyond a narrow definition of loyalty as nationalism. Support for the government and for the Union cause was but one layer of potential meaning. The debate over what loyalty entailed, though, was not limited to proofs or expressions of patriotism. Strong allegiances to other social groups and their ideologies or interests coexisted with those to the perceived nation. Individuals often acted out of affinity for self, family, community, region, or ethnicity, and held principles that could work at cross-purposes to nationalism (Christian pacifism being an example of the latter). Multiple and overlapping layers of loyalty were not always mutually exclusive but the demands and suffering of war brought out inherent tensions and potential conflicts. These essays stress how such debates were not confined to the political arena. Discussions of loyalty intruded into many public and private spaces including homes, city streets, places of work and worship, and onto college campuses. Authors examine the significance of loyalty across fault lines of gender, social class and education, race and ethnicity, and political or religious affiliation. These differing vantage points reveal the complicated ways in which loyalties were defined, prioritized, acted upon, and related. Scholars of the Confederate home front have lit the way, examining in depth the pull of conflicting loyalties and their implications for Southern defeat. The Union may have prevailed but Northern society struggled with its own profound internal divisions. Historians have labored over parts of this story. We know a great deal, for instance, about political dissent and “Copper head” opposition. This collection pushes us to see how a fractious and diverse Northern people ultimately failed to reach consensus on what loyalty meant or how citizens in times of war might demonstrate it. It also suggests that the development of American nationalism had important limitations and ambiguities that the war exposed....
“Dedicated to the Proposition”
Authors: Lawson Melinda
Published: January 2019

Melinda Lawson explores the meaning of national loyalty through the writings of abolitionist leader Wendell Phillips, anti-slavery Congressman George Julian, and President Abraham Lincoln. The author stresses that elite men were moved by notionsof “duty,” compelling them to uphold moral principles in their civic roles. Lawson’s work suggests the challenges men of antislavery conviction faced in a slaveholding republic where the Constitution nurtured the “peculiar institution.” Theirs was not a national loyalty of blind allegiance to the Constitution and the laws. Instead, each of the three held as sacred the ideals of liberty and equality written in the Declaration of Independence. This chapter traces how each man navigated the complicated duties of a true patriot through disunion and war.
“I Do Not Understand What the Term ‘Loyalty’ Means”
Authors: White Jonathan W.
Published: January 2019

Jonathan W. White’s essay studies compensation debates in the Pennsylvania State Legislature to illuminate partisan conceptions of treason and loyalty. Pennsylvanians along the southern border were victimized by multiple Confederate invasions. The widespread damage to property, including thousands made homeless in the 1864 burning of Chambersburg, sparked heated debates in the statehouse over compensation for losses. At issue was the perceived loyalty of the purported victims. In an overwhelmingly Democratic region, many were assumed to give aidand encouragement to the enemy because of their political affiliation. White’s essay examines how Republican legislators attempted to impose loyalty oaths and tests of “proof” to prevent those deemed unworthy and “disloyal” from receiving aid. In the process, White’s narrative sheds light on how Republicans developed and employed a rhetoric of “loyalty” to denigrate their political opponents and foster support for Republican war measures.
“We Are Setting the Terms Now”
Authors: Mujic Julie A.
Published: January 2019

In this essay, Julie A. Mujicuses the private letters of two young lovers to examine the interplay between national and personal loyalties during the war. Married in 1865, the courting couple Gideon Winan Allen and Annie Cox spent much of the war separated from each other while Allen pursued a law degree. Remarkably, their correspondence frequently touched on issues of the war’s politics and offers a window onto the intersection of personal and political spheres. Though seemingly incompatible,Cox and Allenmade great efforts to preserve their relationship despite their disagreements. Allen was an ardent Peace Democrat, outspoken on campus for his Copperhead activism, while Cox was a devout Republican of abolitionist outlook, frequently critical of his words and behaviour. Amid the romantic exchanges, we find sometimes intense arguments over weighty issues, including the legitimacy of the war, the justice of the draft, and the necessity of emancipation. Mujic argues that their diametrically opposed political views ultimately stressed but did not break their bonds of affection and that personal loyalties ultimately outweighed opposing political ideologies.
Loyal to the Union
Authors: Wongsrichanalai Kanisorn
Published: January 2019

Kanisorn Wongsrichanalai explores perceptions of national loyalty held by college-educated northern men during the war. His work draws on the writings of a group of New England graduates, whom he labels the New Brahmins. He highlights how their sense of moral duty as educated elites, along with their commitment to the Union, compelled them to enlist into the army. Focusing on McClellan’s leadership, the controversy of emancipation, and the election of 1864, Wongsrichanalai shows how these men viewed military and political issues through nonpartisan lenses. Holding military success and union victory as the priority, these soldiers were quite critical of partisan devotionand unquestioned support of the government. According to the author, the New Brahmins reflect an understudied northern honor or nationalism, in which elite young officers pursued the greater good of society without fear of individual consequences.
The Question of the Political: Back to Where You Once Belonged?
Authors: Dolgopolski Sergey
Published: January 2019

The chapter analyses how the question of the political in two currently predominant and competing schools of political thought, political theology, exemplified by Carl Schmitt, and political ontology, exemplified by Jacques Rancière. The notion of the other others comes front and centre in this analysis. In political ontology, the concept of the political is predicated on an ability of a politician, a lawyer, or an artist to employ the philosophical, and in modern terms, “ontological” distinction between what is the case in each case and what seems to be the case in each case. In political theology, it is no longer “being” as opposed to “seeming”, but rather an ability to represent as radically distinct from any particular content conveyed. The chapter further traces foundations of both political theology and political ontology in Kant’s transcendentalism -- in particular in the necessity by which transcendentalism denies “positive law,” which Christianity traditionally ascribed to the Jews. The balance of the chapter shows how, however mutually exclusive, both political theology and political ontology remain intersubjective in their scope and thereby both efface and help notice what, in the following chapters will emerge on the pages of the Talmud as interpersonal rather than intersubjective dimension of the political.
The Views of Elite Bodybuilding Athletes Concerning Doping Training, Their Level of Knowledge about Doping, and Values Education in Sport
Authors: Yıldız Özer
Published: January 2019

The objective of this research study is to reveal the levels of knowledge of the elite bodybuilding athletes and theirviews about doping training; additionally, to evaluate the views of the participants from the standpoint of sportvalues education. The research was conducted as a phenomenology model, which is one of the qualitative researchmethods, and interview method was used. The research group was comprised of 13 national athletes (3 women and10 men) from Turkey in bodybuilding branch. The 'Personal Information Form' and 'Interview Form', which wereprepared by the researcher, were used. The data were analyzed via content analysis method, which is one of thequalitative research methods. Consequently, it was concluded that the bodybuilding athletes had low levels ofknowledge concerning doping, national and international federations did not conduct information training aboutdoping, it was important for the athletes to be successful in the contests, there was an increase in the use of doping,and that they were not competing on a level playing field.
On-Site Evaluation of Smoking, Alcohol consumption and Physical Inactivity Among Commercial Taxi Drivers in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, South Africa
Authors: Adedokun Aanuoluwa Odunayo , Goon Daniel Ter , Owolabi Eyitayo Omolara , Adeniyi Oladele Vincent , Ajayi Anthony Idowu
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND: Commercial drivers have been identified as eliciting behaviours that promote non- communicable diseases and road traffic accidents. The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence and pattern of alcohol use, smoking and physical inactivity among commercial taxi drivers in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, South Africa.

METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 403 commercial drivers using the face-to-face interviews method. The WHO STEPwise questionnaire was used to obtain the demographic data, self-reported rate of alcohol consumption, tobacco use and physical inactivity.

RESULTS: The participants’ mean age was 43.3 ± 12.5 years. About 30% of the participants were daily smokers, 37% consumed alcohol regularly and only 18% were physically active, whilst 82% were physically inactive.

CONCLUSION: The prevalence of alcohol use, smoking and physical inactivity is high among commercial drivers in East London. Workplace health education on the health effects of these lifestyles’ risky behaviours on individuals and the general public should be given to the drivers.
Introducing an Online Consumer-Based Review Platform for Restaurant Hygiene
Authors: Atif Wessam , Farid Mohamed , Kodama Kota
Published: January 2019

The World Health Organization states that everyone should play a role in contributing to food hygiene. In this article, we introduce the first online consumer-based platform for restaurant hygiene reviews, a platform that may provide a transparent channel for consumers to play their role in food hygiene. While public purchase decisions may be significantly affected by online consumer reviews, currently there are no dedicated websites for consumers to add restaurant hygiene reviews (RHRs), which is an expression coined in this article. The new platform helps consumers post food hygiene reviews by answering a series of questions while visiting any restaurant, and it also gives them an option to report food hygiene violations to the authorities. This website may help future research if the data collected is analyzed to understand trends in food hygiene violations noticed by the public; we also plan to have annual awards for the best restaurant in food hygiene based on consumer reviews. The questionnaire provided will also contribute to consumer food hygiene education. This platform is expected to bring food hygiene into the context of daily life and add to pressure on the restaurant industry to follow food hygiene requirements, thereby leading to a positive impact on environmental health.
Path Analysis in Soybean Under Drought Stress and Co-inoculated With Azospirillum brasilense
Authors: Naoe Alessandra Maria de Lima , Peluzio Joênes Mucci , Naoe Lucas Koshy , Campos Leonardo José Motta , Júnior Waldesse Piragé de Oliveira
Published: January 2019

The study was carried out with the objective of verifying the effect of the bacterium Azospirillum brasilense in the behavior of the morphological characteristics of cultivars soybean submitted to drought stress. Two experiments were carried in randomized blocks with a split-split plot design, with four replications. We evaluated the cultivars TMG 132 and ANTA 82. The treatments were subjected to two irrigation depths: total irrigation (100% of crop evapotranspiration) and irrigation with drought stress (25% of crop evapotranspiration) and co-inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense and inoculated whit only Bradyrhizobium japonicum. The coefficients of the correlation between the characteristics: leaf area, plant height, root length, number of nodules, shoot dry matter, root dry matter and nodule dry matter were analyzed, as well as the effects over the productivity through the path analisys. The drought stress did not alter the correlations between the studied characteristics; however the alteration happened due to the inoculation method. The path analysis showed that the root length was the only variable that had a direct effect on soybean grain yield, and this occurred only inoculation. In the co-inoculated treatments with Azospirillum brasilense, there were greater indirect effects in grain yield due the root dry matter and shoot dry matter.