bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modelling Foraging Cultures According to Nature? An Old and Unfortunately Forgotten Anthropological Discussion
Authors: Grøn Ole
Published: May 2022

In a world of smart desktop approaches, it can be instructive to return to the roots of the discussion of whether it is possible to model the behaviour of small-scale human cultures based on environmental parameters. Present-day modellers appear to have forgotten this debate, which played such an important role in the anthropology of the early twentieth century. The question was never settled. Around the 1960s, a group of theoretical archaeological modellers decided that it was possible to model the landscape behaviour of hunter-gatherers based solely on the environmental data and thereby ignore social anthropological information supporting the opposing view. This was the beginning of a tradition of archaeological modelling that ignored differences in cultural landscape behaviour in similar environments and over time, the information provided by the developing discipline of landscape ecology, and with that the documented environmental complexity and its inherent small-scale dynamics. It is difficult to detect any scientific rationale behind this conscious archaeological isolation from relevant data provided by other disciplines, and the demand for cheap and fast management methods rather than science-based arguments appears the more likely driver. This presentation traces the history of this cultural “nature versus nurture” debate and discusses its implications.
Conceptual design and cost-efficient environmentally Benign synthesis of beta-lactams
Authors: Das Aparna , Yadav Ram Naresh , Banik Bimal Krishna
Published: May 2022

Stereoselective preparation of diverse trans and cis β-lactams following different experimental conditions are executed. A variety of circumstances are critically analyzed. It has been found that the stereochemistry of the products depends on a number of parameters including the conditions of the procedures, composition of the Schiff bases and acid chlorides or equivalents, method of addition of the reactants, temperature of the process and nature of the media. Using some of the compounds and methods as described herein, a number of useful chemical transformations for the preparation of heterocycles are achieved. These methods include indium-catalyzed glycosylation of amino β-lactams, preparation of pyrrole-substituted β-lactams, cycloaddition with sterically congested Schiff bases towards β-lactams, Michael reaction for the preparation of polycyclic oxazepenes and synthesis of two chiral isomers of the thienamycin side chain. Most of the products are obtained stereospecifically and in optically active forms. Many reactions described here are catalytic and therefore, these are environmentally friendly.
Inequalities and inequities in the types of chronic pain services available in areas of differing deprivation across England
Authors: Jain Shrujal , Jadwani Varsha , Spogmy Sana , Walumbe Jackie
Published: May 2022

Objectives

In England, the prevalence of chronic pain is higher in more deprived compared to less deprived areas. Patients in such areas also experience more severe and disabling pain than those in less deprived areas. However, little is known about whether the distribution of services for chronic pain reflect these ranging levels of need. This study examines how the types of services available for chronic pain patients vary between healthcare providers in England, serving areas of differing deprivation.

Methods

National guidelines regarding primary as well the 8 commonest causes of secondary chronic pain (in the United Kingdom) were used to compile a list of services that have been recommended for supporting chronic pain patients. After searching the websites of 63 randomly selected National Health Service (NHS) Trusts and contacting their pain receptionists and/or secretaries, it was recorded whether the Trusts were providing each of these recommended chronic pain services. Mean Index of Multiple Deprivation 2019 scores were used to compare deprivation levels of areas covered by each NHS Trust.

Results

There was no significant difference in the overall number of types of chronic pain services provided by NHS Trusts serving areas of differing deprivation, but deprived areas were being disadvantaged with regards to specific services. These areas were significantly (p<0.05) less likely to have occupational therapy, return-to-work programmes, and hand therapy services. Areas with fewer types of professionals (≤3) in their pain multidisciplinary team were also significantly (p<0.05) more deprived than those with more types (>3).

Conclusion

There are significant differences in the provision of certain types of chronic pain services between areas of differing deprivation. Similar research across Europe is recommended to inform policy to combat the widespread chronic pain related health inequalities.
Marcus Polnar (†1506)
Authors: Dincă Adinel C.
Published: May 2022

The intention of the present paper is to re-evaluate the surviving records surrounding the career and activity of Marcus Polnar, member of an influential family of Transylvanian Saxons living in Sighișoara. Although many historical sourcés – pertaining to writing and imagery – reflect the constéllation of Polnar family mémbérs, only somé givé a clué to thé éxtént of Marcus’ ascéndancy over the destiny of his blood relatives. Furthermore, these sources have been misinterpreted over the last century and a half, leading to confusions among scholars. It will be argued now that Marcus started with a well-off lineage, to which he added, through academic background and social nétworking, a réspéctablé public position, working his way into a trué ‘bright star’ of his kin. By cooperating with his brother, Michael, and by endorsing the careers of his four nephews, Marcus Polnar contributed in a decisive manner to establishing and securing influence and authority for his family, beyond the status of a local Transylvanian urban elite.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PSYCHOSOCIAL WELL-BEING AND SUPERVISION OF CHILD AND YOUTH CARE WORKERS IN CHILD AND YOUTH CARE CENTRES
Authors: Bam Chevonne , Malan Hanelie
Published: May 2022

Children who are placed in residential care have been severely traumatised, and the implication is that it has a direct impact on the psychosocial well-being of the child and youth care workers who work with the vulnerable children daily. How the care workers perform their daily tasks are impacted upon and can even lead to emotional burnout. The aim of the study was to quantitatively investigate the relationship between supervision and the psychosocial well-being of child and youth care workers. Seventy-seven child and youth care workers (CYCW) were purposefully sampled for this study. Three questionnaires were used to collect data. The IBM SPSS version 25 software was used to analyze the data. In some cases, there was a small effect size, yet it seems that ethnicity, gender, marital status, and income influence the psychosocial well-being of CYCW. The study also shows a connection between CYCW who received supervision and those who did not receive supervision. Keywords: emotional burnout, child and youth care workers, psychosocial well-being, residential care, supervision, vulnerable children
USING GROUP WORK INTERVENTIONS TO ADDRESS THE PSYCHOSOCIAL IMPACT OF EXPOSURE TO DOMESTIC VIOLENCE ON ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Maphosa Ntandoyenkosi
Published: May 2022

Given the high prevalence rate of domestic violence (DV) in South Africa, one in four adolescents reportedly comes from a home where they are exposed to DV. The effects of exposure to domestic violence on adolescents are adverse and lifelong; therefore, providing effective treatment is crucial. Group work has proven to be effective in some international studies, but South Africa has limited research on this question, particularly on the psychosocial impact of DV exposure and the necessary effective interventions. Through an ethnography qualitative approach, this study aims to expand the limited knowledge base. Participants were observed during a group work process for a period of 8 weeks, the objective being to determine their psychosocial functioning after exposure to domestic violence. Drawing from social learning theory, the findings of the study suggest that adolescents can benefit from group work interventions. The results showed that the group participants’ psychosocial functioning improved significantly after the intervention. Based on the findings, policy and practice recommendations for adolescents exposed to domestic violence are made.
SOCIAL WORKERS' EXPERIENCES OF WORKING WITH CHILDREN AND YOUTHS AT CHILD AND YOUTH CARE CENTRES IN DURBAN
Authors: Dimba-Ndaleni Nombuso , Motloung Siphiwe , Kasiram Madhu
Published: May 2022

Social workers employed in Child and Youth Care Centres (CYCCs) play a critical role in offering therapeutic services for children and youths in need of care. This article explores social workers' experiences working in seven different CYCCs in Durban. It is based on qualitative research using an exploratory, descriptive research design with a sample of eleven social workers. Social workers in CYCCs faced challenges including role overload and overlap, lack of adequate resources, safety and security concerns and limited support, which caused strain and compromised social workers' core role in CYCCs. The article offers practical solutions and recommendations for addressing these challenges.
Patient Empoverment and its Connection to Trust
Authors:   University of Skövde, Eriksson Nomie , Söderström Eva ,   Universtiy of Skövde, Åhlfeldt Rose-Mharie ,   University of Skövde
Published: May 2022

Patient Empowerment (PE) allows patients to be more active in managing their own health and quality of life. The aim of this paper is to analyze how trust affects PE, in the context of healthcare information systems. An interview study was conducted concerning patients’ online access to electronic healthcare records. Results show that PE requires that patients trust the information that healthcare professionals and their electronic health record systems provide. Without trust, patients cannot control their own participation in relation to the healthcare professionals. This may result in a diminished ability to participate in the healthcare processes regarding their own care. Practical implications include acquired knowledge about and awareness of how trust influences PE, with particular emphasis on healthcare professionals. A trust model is presented that illustrates the trustor-trustee dimensions of PE. This model has both theoretical and practical implications in its illustration of how trust and PE connect.
The Benefits of Using Online Health Support Groups for Information Acquisition for People with Type 2 Diabetes in the UK
Authors:   University of Sheffield, Almanea Abdulaziz ,   Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Bath Peter A. ,   University of Sheffield, Sbaffi Laura ,   University of Sheffield
Published: May 2022

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a self-managed chronic condition that requires certain skills and knowledge to manage, both by the patient and health care professionals. People with T2D take daily decisions regarding their health and are responsible for the consequences. This creates a need to use different resources to obtain the required knowledge and the skills to control and manage the condition. This paper reports on a study to investigate the advantages of using online health support groups (OHSGs) for information exchange for people with T2D in the UK. In this paper, we collected data from 814 threads and posts from three diabetes UK-based OHSGs and analysed these using thematic analysis. The thematic analysis revealed three main benefits of using OHSGs for information acquisition: (1) Fulfilling information needs, (2) Overcoming barriers and (3) Supporting control and management of the condition. The results suggest that OHSGs serve as an excellent source for information acquisition for people with T2D.
Filling Materials Efficacy on Preventing Biofilm Formation Inside Screw Access Channels of Implant Abutments
Authors: Ramidan Juliana Cabral , de Mendonça e Bertolini, Martinna , Júnior Mário Roberto Moraes , Portela Maristela Barbosa , Lourenço Eduardo José Veras , de Moraes Telles Daniel
Published: May 2022

The choice of the material used to fill screw access channels in implant-supported prostheses depends, in most cases, on operator's preference, without considering the susceptibility of biofilm colonization. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine and compare the total amount of biofilm formed on different materials used to fill screw access channels in implant abutments. For this propose, titanium implant analogs were attached on abutments and divided into 5 groups: positive control (no filling material); negative control (closed with resin); and filled with cotton, gutta-percha, or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The analogs with attached abutments were then immersed in a brain heart infusion medium containing Candida albicans (strain 10231 from American Type Culture Collection [ATCC]) and incubated aerobically at 37°C with gentle agitation. After 15 days, materials were removed, and total viable biofilm on each material was quantified by methyl tetrazolium reduction assay at 490 nm. All experiments were performed in triplicate. Data were processed by IBM SPSS Statistic software using 1-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc tests to analyze differences between groups, with an overall significance level of P < .001. A significant difference was observed between cotton and gutta-percha (P < .017) and between cotton and PTFE (P < .025). However, there was no statistical difference between gutta-percha and PTFE (P > .050). Thus, this in vitro experiment showed that gutta-percha and PTFE presented lower biofilm formation compared with cotton when used to fill screw access channels. These results can provide a basis for future clinical studies that can be a guide to decreasing the occurrence of gaps and bacterial growth inside the implant/abutment attachment site. In addition, controlled in vivo studies are necessary to confirm the clinical viability of findings of this study.
Evaluation of Sinus Membrane Perforation in Osteotome Sinus Floor Elevation With and Without Grafting
Authors: Karaca Çiğdem , Koç Onur , Er Nuray , Uçar-Boyacıgil Duygu
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study was to evaluate, using cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT), the rate of sinus membrane perforation in osteotome sinus floor elevation (OSFE) performed with and without a graft material. Thirty patients with 52 OSFE sites were included in the study. Patients were divided into the control group (OSFE performed without graft material) and test groups (OSFE performed with autograft or xenograft). The autograft was harvested from the maxillary tuberosity using bone forceps. The xenograft was a commercial product originating from bovine bone. Graft volume was measured using the water displacement method. CBCT was performed at the initial examination and immediately after surgery to measure the residual bone height and to evaluate the endo-sinus bone gain and membrane perforation. The rate of sinus membrane perforation was 15.4%. Of the 52 OSFE procedures, 26.9% were performed without grafting and 34.6% and 38.5% were performed with autografts and xenografts, respectively. Membrane perforation was significantly higher in the autograft group (P = .033). The median volume of graft materials was 0.3 mL. The difference in graft volume between the autograft and xenograft was not statistically significant (P = .768). The mean endo-sinus bone gain was 6.55 mm in patients without membrane perforation and 8.71 mm in patients with membrane perforation; this difference was statistically significant (P = .035). The volume and physical properties of graft materials are important factors in membrane perforation. Further clinical studies with larger and standardized samples are needed to confirm the effect of graft materials on sinus membrane perforation in OSFE.
Comparison of Accuracy and Time for Four Implant Placement Techniques Supporting Fixed-Partial Denture
Authors: Deeb Janina Golob , Kanduti Domen , Skrjanc Lenart , Carrico Caroline K. , Deeb George
Published: May 2022

Various guiding methods are used to place implants. This ex vivo pilot study used a convenience sample to examine time and accuracy for placement of 2 dental implants supporting a 3-unit fixed prosthesis on a simulation model using freehand and 3 guided placement techniques. Four operators with no prior implant placement experiences were randomly assigned placement of 2 maxillary or mandibular implants for a fixed prosthesis. Techniques included dynamic navigation (DN), static guide (SG), template-based guide (TBG), and freehand placement (FH). Preoperative and operative times were recorded. Discrepancies between the planned and placed implant positions were assessed by superimposing preoperative and postoperative cone beam computerized tomography scans. Data were analyzed with repeated-measures regression with Tukey's adjusted pairwise comparisons (α = 0.05). Dynamic navigation was associated with the longest operative time (13.5 minutes vs 5–10.2, P = .0001) but overall fastest when incorporating preoperative time (32.1 minutes vs 143–181.5, P < .0001). All deviation measures were significantly associated with the placement method (P < .05) except apex vertical deviation (P = .3925). Implants placed by SG had significantly lower entry 2-dimensional deviation than the other methods, particularly on the mandible. The DN and SG methods had significantly lower Apex 3D and overall angle deviations, again particularly on the mandible. The mandible had significantly higher deviations than maxilla. Within limitations of this study, implant placement by novice operators is more accurate when using dynamic and static guidance compared to freehand and template-based techniques.
ME ENCANTA IR AL CINE”: THEODOR W. ADORNO MÁS ALLÁ DE LA ICONOCLASIA*
Authors: Roldán Eugenia
Published: May 2022

RESUMEN En sintonía con algunas reflexiones del campo de la estética que han señalado cómo, al postular un relego o incluso desprecio de Theodor W. Adorno por el cine, la mayoría de las recepciones empobrecieron el potencial crítico del pensamiento adorniano, el presente artículo avanza en algunos aspectos de la reflexión estética de Adorno sobre el cine. Por un lado, ponemos de relieve una lectura materialista y dialéctica de la afamada categoría de industria cultural. Por otro, llamamos la atención sobre el lugar central que tienen las primeras películas y reflexiones teóricas de Alexander Kluge para la postulación adorniana de una estética específica del cine. En ese marco, el artículo presenta uno de los problemas estéticos más interesantes que surgen del planteo de Adorno en diálogo con Kluge - y que, además, marca la actualidad de la empresa: pensar el cine contra la imagen. De allí se desprenden las consideraciones sobre un tipo de cine autoconsciente de sus aspectos formales, una reflexión sobre la imagen más allá de su carácter referencial y la centralidad de la técnica del montaje. Hacia el final, exponemos cómo en Adorno el cine muestra su afinidad con la experiencia subjetiva y con la escritura.
Effect of alkali sulfates in clinker on hydration and hardening properties of cement incorporating SCMs
Authors: Ma Ying , Qian Jueshi
Published: May 2022

Fly ash and slag are widely used in cement production. The effect of alkali sulfates in clinker on hydration and hardening of cement blended with fly ash and slag is studied. The results of hydration heat evolution, hydrates analysis and mechanical properties indicate arcanite (K2SO4), thenardite (Na2SO4), aphthitalite (3K2SO4·Na2SO4, K3NS4) and Ca-langbeinite (K2SO4·2CaSO4, KC2S3) in clinker could activate the pozzolanic activity of fly ash and slag, facilitating the appearance of the second hydration peak in the initial hydration period, and promote the hydration and hardening properties of blended cement. The adverse effects of alkali sulfates in clinker are alleviated with the addition of fly ash and slag; this can be attributed to the dilution and filler effects of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), as well as the effect of the alkali sulfates activating fly ash and slag. Arcanite, thenardite and aphthitalite (K3NS4) provide a better activating effect on mortar with slag than fly ash mortar to increase compressive strength and reduce drying shrinkage when the content of alkali sulfates is less than 0.6% sodium oxide equivalent (Na2Oeq).
Design and construction of Jinhai Bridge, China
Authors: Ping Li Di , Feng Deng Yong , Wei Xiao
Published: May 2022

Jinhai Bridge (China) is a cable-stayed bridge with a single deck carrying a double rail track in the middle and three highway lanes on each side. The structural design combines a rigid frame with continuous spans, effectively improving the overall structural rigidity to meet the requirements for railway traffic and minimising the temperature effect from a long continuous structure. The deck girder is a steel box with large cantilever flanges, which is cost effective. The steel pylons are designed with four legs located on top of the deck instead of on the pile cap in order to minimise the size of the pile foundation. To improve construction efficiency, the main girder and pylons were prefabricated into large-scale components and erected using heavy equipment.
Ice loading at Scottish Water's reservoirs
Authors: Biesta Mark , Mann Robert , Judge Tony
Published: May 2022

AECOM investigated potential ice loading at Scottish Water's concrete dams above 200 mAOD top water level. Ice can exert a load on a dam by a variety of mechanisms including: thermal expansion, impact/wind drag, vertical force and water level changes. A simplified method was applied to estimate ice thicknesses at the dams. Stability analyses based on thermal expansion forces indicated that ice loading could be a risk to the stability of concrete and masonry dams that are less than 5 to 10 m high. However, the virtual absence of reported incidents where ice has caused damage to dams (and none in UK) suggests the problem is not as acute as this analysis suggests. A consideration of site-specific factors can identify the likelihood of ice loading developing, the potential consequences of damage and whether intervention could be made in good time or whether permanent measures are warranted.
Influence of depositional fabric on mechanical properties of naturally deposited sands
Authors: Garcia Fernando E. , Andò Edward , Viggiani Gioacchino , Sitar Nicholas
Published: May 2022

Fabric characteristics and shear deformation behaviour were analysed in four intact small-scale samples, including two disturbed and two undisturbed samples of naturally deposited sand from a shoal in the San Francisco Bay. Triaxial compression tests were performed on each sample while incrementally imaging with X-ray micro-computed tomography (XRCT). The grains in each intact sample exhibited a nearly unidirectional orientation with their long axes oriented within a narrow range of horizontal directions, in stark contrast to the randomly oriented grains of a reconstituted sample. The disturbed intact samples exhibited lower peak strengths and lower yet positive rates of dilation as compared with undisturbed samples. Higher rates of dilation corresponded with larger quantifiable decreases in the average number of grain-to-grain contacts and contact areas per grain within the shear band. The XRCT images of the shear bands were quantified by way of large incremental deviatoric strains and large incremental grain rotations. The grain orientations within the fully developed shear band of each sample reached a consistent orientation independent of their initial fabric. These results are a promising step toward a systematic study of granular deposits from different depositional environments needed for the development of more advanced models of their mechanical behaviour.
Hábitos alimenticios y sus efectos en la salud de los estudiantes universitarios. Una revisión sistemática de la literatura
Authors: Maza Avila Francisco Javier , Caneda-Bermejo María Carolina , Vivas-Castillo Angie Cecilia
Published: May 2022

Objetivo: Analizar la literatura existente referida a los estudios relacionados con los hábitos alimenticios de los jóvenes universitarios, así como la incidencia que dichos hábitos tienen en su salud.

Método: Se ha realizado una Revisión Sistemática de la Literatura, basada en los criterios propuestos por Petticrew & Roberts (2006) usando los estándares PRISMA. Se analizaron artículos de carácter práctico, indexados en las bases de datos electrónicas: Scopus, EBSCOhost y ScienceDirect, publicados en el período 2000-2020. La búsqueda inicial arrojó 2397 artículos, de los cuales 57 fueron escogidos para su revisión en profundidad, luego de aplicar los criterios de selección.

Resultados: La revisión de la literatura mostró que las investigaciones han sido publicadas en revistas especializadas de las Ciencias de la Salud (28,07 %), en países como Estados Unidos (14,04 %), Arabia Saudita (14,04 %) y España (10,53 %), y empleando diseños transversales a partir de la recolección de fuentes primarias (66,67 %). Los resultados también arrojaron que los jóvenes universitarios no practican hábitos alimentarios saludables (87,72 %). De hecho, su alimentación se caracteriza por ser poco variada y de baja calidad nutricional, con un alto consumo de dulces (57,89 %), grasas (45,61 %) y comidas rápidas y ultraprocesadas (45,61 %), frente a una baja ingesta de frutas y verduras (71,93 %). Asimismo, se muestra que los malos hábitos alimenticios tienen una alta incidencia en la salud (73,91 %), tales como sobrepeso (47,21 %), enfermedades cardiovasculares (18,18 %) y Diabetes (14,55 %).

Conclusiones: La revisión de la literatura arroja que existe una alta prevalencia entre los malos hábitos alimenticios y el riesgo de padecer sobrepeso y obesidad, así como de la aparición de futuras enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, tales como las enfermedades cardiovasculares y la Diabetes.
Planificación urbana, covid-19 y diversidades sexogenéricas en Pereira, Colombia
Authors: Peraza Miguel
Published: May 2022

La incorporación del enfoque de la diversidad sexogenérica en el Plan de Ordenamiento Territorial de la ciudad de Pereira, Colombia, constituye un logro histórico en el actual escenario de resistencias institucionales ante las políticas públicas que contemplan a las diferencias sexuales. En este artículo se analiza dicho logro representado por la población LGBTI, específicamente trans, dentro de la estructura de poder de un Estado nación masculinizado, cuyos agentes se encargan de la planificación territorial. Se fusionan teorías feministas, geografías de la sexualidad y teorías queer, con el objetivo de explicar la conexión entre estas políticas, los sujetos implicados y la ocupación del territorio para el trabajo sexual. La metodología utilizada es cualitativa, se aplicó una entrevista en profundidad y se revisaron los criterios de un manual de diseño urbanístico para describir la relación entre los actores durante la inclusión de la población trans y las zonas del comercio sexual en el plan de ordenamiento (2015) y su proyecto de reforma (2017). Se extendió el análisis al escenario de la pandemia por covid-19 para identificar cómo, a pesar del logro obtenido, las sujetas trans fueron nuevamente excluidas de las estadísticas y medidas planteadas tras el confinamiento. Se concluye que la experiencia de Pereira revela la importancia de incluir la diversidad sexogenérica en los procesos de diseño y planificación territorial.
Retos al feminismo popular: intervenciones urbanas en el Pedregal de Santo Domingo, México
Authors: Pérez-Rincón Socorro
Published: May 2022

En este artículo se resume un recorrido teórico y práctico por diferentes aspectos de la intervención urbana y el diseño colaborativo en la colonia Pedregal de Santo Domingo, México. Se utiliza como metodología un circuito de investigación-acción participativa (IAP). En la primera parte se identifican posturas, escalas y fundamentos teóricos para llegar a un posicionamiento crítico y ético ante la planificación urbana; se incluyen los aportes del feminismo, en particular del feminismo popular, y de la perspectiva comunitaria que transforma radicalmente la forma de participar y mejorar el espacio. La segunda parte contiene el relato sobre la experiencia del proyecto Casa de las Mujeres “Ifigenia Martínez”, el análisis cartográfico colaborativo y los resultados de los talleres realizados con las mujeres de la colonia. Por último, se incluye una reflexión sobre la experiencia comunitaria y los retos de la planificación e investigación urbanas, focalizada en las cada vez más amplias desigualdades de género. Se concluye que las prácticas urbanas que apuestan por la dimensión ética de la planificación y la aplicación de metodologías feministas contribuyen con el diseño de nuevos espacios para la convivencia y el enfrentamiento a la inseguridad y la violencia que experimentan las mujeres.
SUBSTANTIATION OF FUNCTIONAL PRODUCT “FISH SAUSAGES” TECHNOLOGY FOR YOUNGER CHILDREN
Authors:   Siberian University of Consumer Cooperation, Klyuchnikova L.A. , Badmaeva I.I. ,   East Siberian State University of Technology and Management
Published: May 2022

Expanding of food products range for younger children (3–7 years old) through the development of a new technology of functional products is an actual research topic, since the products of this group available on the market do not have a wide choice. The research results upon the justification of the functional product ‟Fish sausages” technology using local raw materials and modern technological equipment are presented in the article. Optimal heat treatment modes of research objects are determined. A technological scheme of cooking has been developed. A sensory analysis of the developed product was carried out; the quality and safety indicators of fish sausages were studied.
GEOPHYSICAL ASPECT OF A CATASTROPHIC LAUNCH OF STARLINK SATELLITES
Authors:   Kamchatka State Technical University, Sivokon V.P.
Published: May 2022

On February 3, 2022, as part of the SpaceX program, the next Falcon 9 carrier with Starlink satellites was launched. The launch was unsuccessful, which led to the loss of 40 out of 49 satellites. According to SpaceX experts, the cause of this event was an increase in the density of the atmosphere in the intermediate orbit, due to a magnetic storm, followed by deceleration and loss of satellites. Based on the analysis of the geomagnetic situation, the article shows that it is not enough to limit ourselves to consider only a possible change in the density of the atmosphere as the cause of the catastrophe. Most likely, the reason is complex and involves, among other issues, a failure in the operation of the radio-electronic equipment of the satellites due to induced currents and their electrification.
[RETRACTED] UNLISTED PROTOCOL 001 v1
Authors: not provided rober
Published: May 2022

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Hysteroscopic evaluation of endometrial cavity in cases of unexplained infertility patients less than 35 years old
Authors: Bahgat Nagwan Ahmed
Published: May 2022

Background: The incidence of un explained infertility about 22-28% of all infertile couples. Several strategies have been implemented to improve the outcome of infertility treatment before shifting to ART. Management of unexplained infertility depends on patients age, ovarian reserve and period of infertility, management starts from simple to more complicated protocols to achieve pregnancy up to assisted reproduction techniques. Hysteroscopy provides diagnostic and therapeutic approach in such group of patients.Methods: Retrospective analysis of the reproductive outcome in young patients with unexplained infertility was conducted to evaluate such treatment protocol 163 patients included in the study.Results: Our results showed that around 29.4% of patients had intrauterine abnormalities which varies from endometrial polys to adhesions and one case found to have cervical stenosis, around 12.17% had endometritis. Patient were left for expectant management for 6 months, 22.7% pregnancy rate following hysteroscopy without any other intervention, patients who had polypectomy got 28% pregnancy rate while patients with apparent normal endometrial cavity got 23.76% pregnancy rate.Conclusions: Hysteroscopy could be an alternative treatment option in young patients with unexplained infertility because of its diagnostic and therapeutic effect.
Guillain-Barré Syndrome Following the ChAdOx1-S/nCoV-19 Vaccine: A Case Report
Authors: Lee Sukyoon , Oh Seong-il
Published: May 2022

Serious neurological complications following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination, such as cerebral venous sinus thrombosis or acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, have rarely been reported. Here, we report a case of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) that occurred within 2 weeks of receiving the AstraZeneca ChAdOx1-S/nCoV-19 vaccine. A 61-year-old man presented with weakness and hypesthesia of the legs 9 days after the first dose of the ChAdOx1-S vaccine. The patient progressed to respiratory failure and severe quadriparesis. Nerve conduction studies showed markedly reduced amplitudes of compound muscle action potentials and sensory nerve action potentials in both upper and lower extremities, without definitive evidence of demyelination. The patient was diagnosed with axonal GBS and received intravenous immunoglobulin treatment, with a poor response. This is a rare case of GBS after COVID-19 vaccination in Korea. Physicians should be aware of this rare but serious complication of the COVID-19 vaccine to effectively manage such a situation in clinical practice.
El sector cafetalero peruano: Un enfoque a la CTI para su competitividad
Authors: Dilas Jiménez Josué , Cernaqué Ofelia
Published: May 2022

En la presente publicación, los autores sistematizan información relevante sobre los programas de financiamiento para las actividades I+D+i en café, la dinámica productiva y la importancia de la caficultura nacional en la economía del país en los últimos diez años. Asimismo, evidencian la necesidad de mejorar el diseño de políticas, programas y proyectos relacionados con innovación en la cadena de valor de esta actividad.
Differences and regularities of the macro- and microscopic structure of the limb tendons
Authors: Kagan I. I. , Ivlev V. V. , Gur'yanov A. M.
Published: May 2022

The aim of the study was to present differences and regularities in the macro- and microscopic structure of the muscle tendons of the limbs identified by comparative analysis and generalization of the obtained findings.

Material and methods. The study included transverse histotopograms of 519 tendons of 17 different muscles of the upper and lower limbs. Histotopograms were received from 93 human cadavers and amputated limbs of 10 patients. Transverse sections of tendons up to 20 μm thick were stained with picrofuchsin according to Van Gieson, and hematoxylin–eosin. Histotopograms were studied and photographed using a stereoscopic microscope MBS-10.

Results. The authors have generalized data on the macro- and microscopic structure of the limb tendons. General regularities of the internal macro- and microscopic structure of the tendons have been specified. It has been demonstrated that these regularities are of applied relevance for improvement of restorative tendon microsurgery. Individual differences and differences between the tendons of different muscles at the structural level were revealed: the number, size, architectonics of the tendon bundles of the 1st order. Tendon bundles of the 1st  order are the main structural units of the macro- and microscopic structure of the limb muscle tendons. Depending on the size of the cross-sectional area, they can be divided into small (0.004–0.009 mm2), medium (0.01–0.04 mm2), large (0.05–0.09 mm2) and very large (0.1–0.5 mm2). There were detected differences in the number, ratio and architectonics of the tendon bundles at different levels within one tendon; this allows assuming division and fusion of tendon bundles of the 1st order throughout the tendon.

Conclusion. The macro- and microscopic structure of the muscle tendons of the upper and lower limbs demonstrates general regularities and differences in the structure of the various muscle tendons, the fact being of theoretical and applied significance.
Morphological and morphometric description of neurons in the sensorimotor cortex of the rat brain after ligation of the common carotid arteries
Authors: Makar'eva L. M. , Akulinin V. A. , Stepanov S. S. , Shoronova A. Yu. , Avdeev D. B. , Korzhuk M. S.
Published: May 2022

The aim of the study was to present structural and morphometric changes in the sensorimotor cortex neurons of the rat brain after ligation of the common carotid arteries (LCCA).

Material and methods. Cerebral ischemia was modeled in white Wistar rats by irreversible bilateral ligation of common carotid arteries (2-vessel model of incomplete global ischemia, without hypotension). For morphological studies, histological (hematoxylin–eosin, thionin staining according to the Nissl method), immunohistochemical (NSE, GFAP) and morphometric methods were used. The control group consisted of intact animals (n=6), the material was taken 1, 3, 7, 14 and 30 days after the experimental modeling of LCCA (n=30). Morphometric analysis was performed on preparations of frontal sections of the brain using the ImageJ 1.53; statistical hypotheses were tested using the Statistica 8.0.

Results. It was found that the number density of normochromic neurons decreased throughout the study period and reached its minimum values 30 days after LCCA: the decrease in layer III was 75.9%, and in layer V it was 72.6%. There was a decrease in the total number density of neurons. After 1 and 3 days, in layers III and V, the content of hyperchromic neurons with intact shape of perikarya increased. The numerical density of hyperchromic neurons with a spindle-shaped perikaryon, a deformed nucleus, as well as neurons with a homogeneous cytoplasm had maximum values after 30 days.

Conclusion. After irreversible bilateral LCCA, together with an increase in the number density of hyperchromic pycnotic neurons, as well as neurons with homogenization of the cytoplasm and nucleus, a decrease in the NSE content in the cytoplasm of pyramidal neurons was noted, which may indicate a decrease in the expression of this protein and a decrease in the functional activity of neurons by the end of the study period. An increase in hyperchromic pycnotic neurons and shadow cells against the background of a decrease in the number density of normochromic and hyperchromic non-pycnotic neurons may indicate a significant severity of the processes occurring after LCCA and the irreversibility of destructive changes in nerve cells.
Entrepostos de carnes em supermercados: dificuldades e desafios para o registro no serviço municipal de controle de produtos agropecuários de origem animal (Copas-POA) de Caxias do Sul/RS
Authors: Huppes Anna Tayle , Moraes Kessiane Silva de
Published: May 2022

O Serviço de Inspeção Municipal (SIM) visa proteger a saúde da população, inspecionando produtos de origem animal produzidos no município, efetuando ações de combate à clandestinidade em locais irregulares. O objetivo do estudo foi compreender os fatores que dificultam o credenciamento de supermercados ao serviço municipal de inspeção de Caxias do Sul/RS. Para identificar os critérios utilizados pelo COPAS-POA para controle sanitário de instalações e equipamentos de entrepostos de carnes e derivados foi realizada uma análise documental das legislações vigentes no munícipio de Caxias do Sul/RS. Esta análise viabilizou a criação de um questionário que foi aplicado aos gestores de 10 supermercados, a fim de identificar os principais desafios e dificuldades encontradas para registro destes estabelecimentos ao serviço municipal de inspeção. Os resultados obtidos foram agrupados em planilhas, onde foram geradas as frequências e os percentuais. Os resultados indicaram que, em média, 45% das empresas acreditam estarem adequadas entre 70% a 100% com as documentações exigidas, equipamentos solicitados e áreas construídas. Para 80% das empresas, o maior desafio tem relação com os investimentos financeiros necessários às instalações para se adequar aos critérios estabelecidos pelo COPAS-POA, tais como: construção de câmara de resfriamento de produtos prontos, seção de preparação de envoltórios naturais e seção de preparação de condimentos. Para a maior parte das empresas, o investimento seria superior a R$ 100 mil reais. Contudo, essa adequação é essencial uma vez que os critérios estabelecidos pelos serviços de inspeção, sejam eles nas esferas municipais, estaduais ou federais visam garantir alimentos seguros ao consumo humano, regularizando todas as etapas de produção, dos produtos de origem animal, nos estabelecimentos.
Reflexiones sobre las relaciones entre órganos en una constitución no escrita: el caso de la Roma republicana
Authors: Petrucci Aldo
Published: May 2022

El artículo no presenta resumen.
La imputación objetiva en la jurisprudencia peruana
Authors: Villavicencio Terreros Felipe
Published: May 2022

El artículo no presenta resumen.
El teletrabajo
Authors: Saco Barrios Raúl
Published: May 2022

El artículo no presenta resumen.
A Multi-Phase Assessment of the Effects of COVID-19 on Food Systems and Rural Livelihoods in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Saha Amrita , Carreras Marco , Thompson John
Published: May 2022

Since it began in early 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic led to considerable concerns about the viability of local food systems and rural livelihoods across sub-Saharan Africa. This paper presents the results of a three-round assessment of the effects of COVID-19 on the farming, labour and marketing practices, food and nutrition security, and well-being of over 800 male- and female-headed rural households in eight countries – Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe. In this paper, we argue that when we closely examine the lived experiences of people in different country contexts, results suggest that the immediate restrictions and strict control measures imposed by governments at the start of the pandemic on social and commercial activities acted as a major shock to the well-being of many rural households and communities. Furthermore, while some households and communities were able to find ways to cope or adapt to the COVID-19-related disruptions, for others the pandemic coincided with a number of other shocks and stresses (extreme weather events, locust infestations, conflict and insecurity, or a combination of these), exacerbating some of the observed risks.
Cultural intelligence, international experience and early internationalization: An essay on connecting constructs
Authors: Roecker Rejane , Floriani Dinorá Eliete
Published: May 2022

This article aims to discuss how the constructs of international experience, cultural intelligence, and early internationalization are connected, according to their respective theoretical perspectives. The international business literature has not addressed how managers' international experience generates cultural intelligence and drives early internationalization, considering aspects of the entrepreneur and the organization. It is observed that the international experience results in three characteristics: cultural knowledge, cultural skills, and metacognition. The manager's characteristics can be incorporated into the proposed model, demonstrating the connection between international experience, cultural intelligence, and early internationalization. They encompass the manager's international orientation, faster recognition of international opportunities, and faster internationalization.
UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE OS RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS URBANOS (RSU) NA BACIA DO IGARAPÉ DO QUARENTA EM MANAUS-AMAZONAS
Authors: Silva Gabriela Mendonça da , Silva Mirella Ferreira da , Alves André Campos , Sousa Kenya Correa de
Published: May 2022

Com o crescimento populacional o uso inadequado de espaços impulsiona a problemática ambiental promovendo a degradação dos sistemas naturais. O lixo é um dos problemas ambientais, apesar da existência do Plano Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS), o descarte desses resíduos ainda é feito em locais inadequados, tais como, corpos hídricos, ruas e bueiros. Este trabalho tem como objetivo uma análise sobre os Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos (RSU) na bacia hidrográfica do Igarapé do Quarenta na cidade de Manaus a partir de dados secundários e primários. Para o cumprimento dos objetivos foram realizados trabalhos de campos na área da bacia para obtenção de identificar áreas de descarte de lixo. Além disso, obtiveram-se dados secundários de modo a quantificar o descarte de lixo ao longo da bacia em estudo. O problema do lixo na área em estudo se dá nas áreas de fundo de vale e pelas populações que residem nas margens dos rios urbanos, provocando a poluição, assoreamento e a obstrução do fluxo natural da água ocasionando as inundações em período de fortes chuvas.
DA (IN)EFICÁCIA DA TUTELA MATERIAL DE GRUPOS VULNERABILIZADOS
Authors: Nunes Danilo Henrique , Lehfeld Lucas Souza , Montes Netto Carlos Eduardo
Published: May 2022

O presente estudo debruçou-se sobre a robusta estrutura normativa que reconhece e protege os grupos vulnerabilizados no plano material, ou seja, na defesa de minorias, vulnerabilizados, hipervulnerabilizados, grupos historicamente prejudicados, dentre outras coletividades de indivíduos que se encontrem em situação que demande proteção integral do Estado. Sob o método de revisão de literatura e hipotético-dedutivo, o objetivo principal é o demonstrar que mesmo com o vasto leque de diplomas a proteger estes grupos eles não se encontram amplamente protegidos e ainda vivem à margem da sociedade, especialmente no tocante ao exercício efetivo de seus direitos a consagrar a Dignidade da Pessoa Humana, bem como na plenitude do exercício da cidadania, tendo como desdobramentos a saúde pública precária, a educação que não atinge indicadores emancipatórios, a fome, o desemprego e as condições de vida cada vez mais precárias. O ditame da pluralidade política – é a conclusão a que se pode chegar – extrapola da mera previsão legislativa é, em verdade, poderoso instrumento de viabilização da dignidade da pessoa humana, cujo valor axiológico é normativo e irradiante, alcançado todas as políticas de Estado para a efetivação dos direitos dos grupos vulnerabilizados.
FEMINICÍDIO OU HOMICÍDIO DOLOSO?
Authors: Rosenblatt Fernanda Cruz da Fonseca , Silva Fábia Lopes Gomes da
Published: May 2022

A Lei nº 13.104/2015, que alterou o Código Penal para prever o “feminicício” como circunstância qualificadora do crime de homicídio, é mais uma norma brasileira criada no bojo de legislações que nascem da promessa de que o Direito Penal é um caminho seguro para erradicar a violência contra as mulheres. Contudo, passados sete anos de sua entrada em vigor, o texto legal da novel qualificadora, apesar de ajudar a denunciar a prática da misoginia no Brasil, apresenta lacunas quanto à fiel caracterização do Feminicídio, obrigando delegados(as), promotores(as) e juízes(as) a envidar esforços para identificar as circunstâncias e as condutas praticadas no ato executório do crime que denotam ter a mulher sido morta por “razões da condição de sexo feminino”. Nessa perspectiva, o presente artigo relata pesquisa na qual foram analisadas Denúncias e Sentenças de Pronúncia de crimes contra a vida de mulheres cometidos no Recife, entre 2015 e 2020, observando-se os argumentos apresentados pelo Ministério Público e pelos juízos das varas do Tribunal do Júri para aplicar a qualificadora. Os achados da pesquisa apontam, principalmente, para a necessidade de capacitação do Sistema de Justiça Criminal.