bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of basic tillage techniques on the slope landscapes in the Chechen Republic
Authors: Nakhaev Magomed R. , Astarkhanova Tamara S.
Published: July 2023

Studies on the optimization of basic tillage techniques were carried out in the foothill part of the Chechen Republic. The purpose of the research was to determine the optimal reception of basic tillage on the slope landscapes of the Chechen Republic in the cultivation of grain and leguminous crops. The results of the optimization of basic tillage techniques on the sloping landscape of the Chechen Republic have shown that the smallest number of weeds on average in 2017-2021 was recorded on winter wheat crops after moldboard tillage (12.3 plants/m2), the largest number of weeds was registered on spring barley crops after minimum disc tillage (36.1 plants/m2). The smallest dry biomass (2.79 t/ha) was found in peas in the variant with minimum disc tillage. The maximum dry biomass (5.15 t/ha) was recorded for winter wheat in the variant with deep moldboard tillage. The lowest net photosynthetic productivity (1.82 g/m2 per day) was found in peas in the variant with minimum tillage. The highest net photosynthetic productivity (3.39 g/m2 per day) was noted for winter wheat in the variant with minimum disk tillage. On average for 2017-2021, the maximum economic yield of grain on the sloping landscape was formed in winter wheat after deep tillage and amounted to 4.25 t/ha. The minimum economic yield of grain was formed in peas after deep tillage and was 2.14 t/ha. Thus, optimal conditions for growth and development of grain and leguminous crops on the sloping landscapes of the Chechen Republic are formed after moldboard tillage to a depth of 0.200.22 m with a nonmoldboard deepening to 0.350.37 m.
Informative value of infrared survey data for detecting properties of arable soils
Authors: Grubina Praskovya G. , Savin Igor Y.
Published: July 2023

Possibility of detecting soil fertility parameters based on the use of thermal survey data was studied on the test area of Yasnogorsky District, Tula region, Russia. The test area has gray forest slightly eroded arable soils located in the flat part of the slope. During the field works, an open soil surface was photographed using a FLIR VUE 512 thermal imager (range 7.5-13.5 mkm), soil samples were also taken from a layer of 0-5 cm and soil moisture was measured in a layer of 15-20 cm. For almost all parameters of soil fertility (pH, humus content, potassium content, exchange cations - Mg++, K+, Na+), a statistically significant correlation was established (r =0.4-0.7) between them and the survey data in the thermal range of the spectrum. For moderate correlations, polynomial regression equations were compiled. Among the studied fertility parameters, the pH of the salt extract, the content of potassium oxide and potassium exchange cations had significant coefficient of determination (R2 0.60) with the thermal range of the spectrum - R2= 0.61, R2 =0.60 and R2 = 0.63, respectively. The obtained results have shown that thermal imaging can be used to map some parameters of soil fertility for the region. Nevertheless, it turned out to be impossible to reliably detect all the main parameters of soil fertility of the test field on the basis of thermal survey data. However, the thermal soil survey data can be used as auxiliary data when shooting in the visible and nearIR ranges, which helps to improve the accuracy of contactless soil monitoring.
Working on Innovation in Esp in Tourism: Three Examples
Authors:   Florida Universitaria (Affiliated to the University of Valencia) Spain, Alberola Colomar Pilar
Published: July 2023

Most students start studying for a Degree in Tourism Management at our university (Florida Universitaria, Valencia, Spain) at the B2 English level, but without any prior contact with English for Specific Purposes (ESP) in Tourism. Creating motivating experiences that boost students’ interest in the English for Tourism I, II and III, mandatory subjects that they take throughout their degree, is a challenge to us. The aim of this paper is to present three examples of short projects in ESP, each conducted in one of the three years when students have English. All the projects share the following characteristics: learners apply their expertise to tourism related situations, students in other degrees or lecturers at Florida Universitaria participate as target audience, and IT tools are used for developing the projects and communication. As regards the assignments, first-year learners prepared a Valencia City Guide for the European lecturers who participated in our International Week. Second-year students drew up a proposal for a cultural exhibition for young people, taking information from the feedback given by other students within the target age group. Third-year students created an online game about Valencian monuments. Third-year students for a Degree in Education (future English teachers) reviewed the text and gave feedback; the activity was answered by first-year education students who played the role of tourists. Data obtained from satisfaction questionnaires, together with the feedback given by students in class, proved a positive effect of these projects on students’ attitude towards the subject and subsequently on academic results.
The Discourse of the European Court of Human Rights: the Role of Case Communications in the Introduction of System-bound Elements
Authors:   University of Milan, Nikitina Jekaterina
Published: July 2023

This study overviews how national terms are added to the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights. Contributing to previous literature on the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) discourse which focussed on judgments, the study proposes a system of genres approach (Bazerman, 1994), analysing how system-bound elements (SBEs), i.e. those terms and phrases that need to maintain their national embedding, move across multiple procedural genres of the ECtHR (application, case communication, written pleadings, decision and judgment) in four cases against Ukraine, Latvia, Italy and Russia. Against the theoretical-methodological framework of discourse analysis, legal terminology and Legal Translation Studies, the analysis emphasises a critical role of case communications. Case communications recontextualise national elements in a supranational context, translate SBEs, and transform lay representation of applicants into legal discourse. The findings demonstrate how factual reconstruction and SBEs migrate verbatim from case communications into judgments, despite different variants exist in other documents. The study identified some country-specific differences in the rendition of SBEs concerning the use of alphabet and the national caseload. SBEs using Cyrillic tend to omit Cyrillic in judgments. SBEs from high-caseload countries seem to have consolidated versions, both translated (from Ukrainian and Russian) and rendered using translation couplets with loanwords (Italy). SBEs from low-caseload countries (Latvia) are subject to noticeable variation. The study foregrounds the importance of the system of genres approach and problematises decision-making practices concerning SBEs at the supranational level.
Students’ Perspectives on English as a Medium of Instruction (EMI) in the Case of an Interpersonal Communication Course in English
Authors:   Poznan University of Technology, Olejarczuk Edyta
Published: July 2023

English has become an international means of communication. Thus, it is gaining its popularity worldwide as a means of instruction in higher education all over the world. Although English as a Medium of Instruction (EMI) has grown exponentially in recent years, a number of perceived needs and challenges still remain unaddressed. This article starts with a brief description of EMI methodology. Then, it discusses the results of the study, the main objective of which was to find answers to the following research questions: (1) How do the learners perceive the EMI course? and (2) What are the challenges faced by the students in the EMI classes? The participants of the research project described here were three groups of international students attending an Interpersonal Communication (IC) course in English at one of technical universities in Poland.
La intercomprensión románica y su didáctica: aportes desde una perspectiva ético-política
Authors:   Universidad de Oviedo, Llamedo Pandiella Gonzalo
Published: July 2023

En este estudio se aborda la didáctica de la intercomprensión desde una dimensión ético-política, con especial atención al ámbito romance. A través de una metodología transcompleja, que incide en el valor del pensamiento relacional y en su alcance transdisciplinario, se propone un recorrido teórico que integra tres cuestiones complementarias. En primer lugar, se ofrece una revisión actualizada del concepto de intercomprensión, con objeto de ubicar su dimensión ético-política y de incidir en su conexión con la Lingüística Románica. En segundo lugar, se analizan aquellos aspectos que justifican la presencia continuada de un componente ético-político en el desarrollo del campo de la intercomprensión; y, por último, se incide en la emergencia de iniciativas que incorporan una orientación glotopolítica, desde las cuales se reivindican una revisión ética de las representaciones de la diversidad y enfoques más descentralizados. Mediante este recorrido, se concluye que el campo de la intercomprensión y su tratamiento didáctico se han desarrollado en el marco de un constante debate ético-político, cuyos términos entran hoy de nuevo en discusión con los aportes de la glotopolítica.
A Study of Islamic Worldview Follows an Education System: Reveals the Spiritual Tendencies of Adolescents
Authors: Nuriman Nuriman , Yuliza Yuliza , Yusnaini Yusnaini
Published: July 2023

The main goal of the study was to identify adolescents' worldviews following Traditional Education, Boarding Schools, and Senior High School types. The variables were examined with One-way ANOVA and T-Test analysis to identify the aspects of worldly and spiritual which involved 390 in the age range of 16-21 years and consisted of 150 males and 240 females of adolescents. The systematic random sampling and questionnaire version of the MRPI were employed for the data collection procedure. The worldly aspect is found insignificantly and the spiritual significantly differs following educational types.  It was the basis of forming the adolescents' spirituals of diversity.
Al-‘Ilm al-Ladunniy fi Ḥikāyah al-Khidr wa Āthāruh al-Tarbawiyyah: Dirāsah Taḥlīliyyah li Āyāt Mukhtārah min Sūrah al-Kahf
Authors: Hakim Lukmanul , Ghazali Mahir bin
Published: July 2023

This study examines the phenomenon of Ladunni knowledge and its educational effects by using the narrative of Al-Khidr and what he did with the actions described in Surah Al-Kahf as a model for this knowledge. Following the elements in the story of al-Khidr and then referring to considered books of interpretations and peer-reviewed articles published in scientific publications, the research employs an inductive methodology. Additionally, the analytical method is used to classify the story's information and derive their appearances and wisdom. Among the most significant findings is that Ladunni knowledge is what Allah honors His servant for in terms of knowledge, and knowledge as a natural consequence of what he achieved in terms of a high degree of servitude to God Almighty alone, and then of its types mentioned in the Qur'an: inspiration and insight. These two categories are not exclusive to prophets; they are also attained by monotheists and those whom God has chosen for the utmost affairs. And that among the most important qualities of the worldly world are politeness with God and then politeness with creatures, and that these are among the highest qualities of the worldly world because they result in numerous educational effects that the worldly world contributes to consolidating among people.
MODULE AND AUDIOVISUAL PACKAGE INTERVENTIONS IN INCREASING STUDENTS' KNOWLEDGE AND HARD SKILL IN MATERNITY NURSING COURSES
Authors: Mutmainnah Muthia , Meinarisa Meinarisa , Mulyani Sri
Published: July 2023

COVID-19 has changed the order of education in Indonesia. There is a big change in learning from formal education in the classroom to learning from home, with an online system. The online education system is certainly not easy. In addition to the personal discipline to study independently, there are facilities and resources that must be provided. Laboratory activities that hone students' abilities in developing skills for patients were forced to turn into audiovisual learning. In maternity nursing learning there are practices carried out in laboratories that develop students' hard skills and knowledge The design of this research is pretest and posttest without control group. The implementation of the audiovisual learning and module intervention was given in 4 sessions consisting of pregnancy, childbirth, newborns and the postpartum period. The questionnaire used in this study was a knowledge questionnaire and hard skill assessment on students using zoom. Number of respondents are 63 respondents. The results of the study show that there is an effect of audiovisual learning on students’ knowledge p=0,001 and soft skill p=0,001. This study shows an increase in the score of 80% of the number of respondents. This research recommends giving audiovisual learning to improve knowledge laboratory skills in maternity nursing.
MALE OR FEMALE, WHO IS THE HIGHEST? LIFE OPTIMISM IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE PATIENTS
Authors: Putra Rahman Pranovri , Ramadhanti Auliya , Darmawan Hakim
Published: July 2023

This study aims to analyze optimism in coronary heart patients and the optimism of coronary heart patients based on gender differences as a novelty of this study compared to previous studies. This type of research is survey research with a quantitative approach. The population in this study were coronary heart disease patients who had been clinically diagnosed by a doctor and were undergoing outpatient care at RSUD Arifin Achmad Pekanbaru, with a total of 213 people, and the number of samples in this study was 139. The data analysis technique used in this research is descriptive statistical analysis and inferential data analysis using a t-test. The results showed that there were differences in optimism in terms of gender in coronary heart patients. So that these findings are useful for developing positive psychology in the context of coronary heart patients.
PENGARUH LOKASI DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN BERKUNJUNG WISATAWAN KE DESTINASI MATA AIR TEMBELING, NUSA PENIDA-BALI
Authors: Suwintari Eka , Putriningsih Erlita , Widada Magdalena
Published: July 2023

This study examines the influence of location and motivation on the decision of domestic tourists to visit the tourist attraction of Mata Air Tembeling in Nusa Penida, Bali. A quantitative methodology was employed, conducting a survey with 200 domestic tourist respondents. The results show that location influences tourists' visitation decision, with a preference for accessibility and adequate facilities. Motivation also plays a significant role, with the desire to relax and enjoy the natural beauty being important factors. This research provides further understanding of the factors influencing the decision of domestic tourists to visit Mata Air Tembeling. The findings can be utilized to optimize the marketing and development of the tourist attraction, as well as enhance tourist satisfaction.
NEEDS ANALYSIS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARDUINO MICROCONTROLLER-BASED HOOKE'S LAW TEACHING TOOL GUIDEBOOK
Authors: Ayub Yenni Novita Lestari , Setiawan Iwan , Wardana Rendy Wikrama
Published: July 2023

This research is a type of research and development (R & D) which has a focus on the goal of producing a product and testing its effectiveness and feasibility. This research model adopts the 4D research model with stages namely Define , Design , Develop , and Disseminate . This needs analysis aims to determine what teaching materials are needed on Hooke's Law material at SMA Negeri 1 Bengkulu Tengah. The research was carried out in October 2022. The research sample consisted of 40 students who were in class XI. The research instruments were interviews and student response questionnaires consisting of 18 question items regarding the need for a Hooke's Law visual aids guidebook based on the Arduino microcontroller which contained 4 aspects, namely aspects of student and teacher needs, aspects of the need for teaching materials, aspects of learning media, and aspects of interest/motivation . The results showed that most of the students were interested in developing an Arduino-based Hooke's law teaching aid guidebook.
A STUDY OF STUDENT LEARNING DISCIPLINE IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Rini Endah Febri Setiya , Aldila Febri Tia , Wirayudha Ricky Purnama
Published: July 2023

Discipline is the attitude of a person who is in accordance with the rules or regulations that apply both arising from his self-awareness and because of sanctions or punishments that have been applied so as to create order and regularity. This study uses a descriptive method with a quantitative approach which aims to analyze information about the description of the disciplined attitudes of class X MIPA students at SMA Negeri 8 Muaro Jambi for the 2020 academic year. The data was tested using the SPSS application. Based on descriptive statistical analysis, it was obtained that the students' discipline attitude was not good in class and outside class. Evidenced by the highest percentage of 51.7%
The Efficacy of Short, Skills-based Workshops in Teaching Advocacy to Medical Students: A Pilot Study
Authors: Robinson Reice , Mishori Ranit
Published: July 2023

Background and Objectives: This study evaluated the effectiveness of a short, skills-based workshop, called a Letter-Writing Lunch (LWL), in teaching advocacy to medical students.
Methods: We assessed political activity, political efficacy, civic responsibility, and skill mastery via pre-, post-, and 6-month follow-up surveys. Via semistructured follow-up interviews, we explored how the intervention affected the participant’s view of advocacy.
Results: Students mastered identifying and contacting their representatives. Participants’ political activity scores demonstrated little to no political activity at baseline and were unchanged at 6 months. Political efficacy scores increased after the event (t[53]=8.5, P<.001), and they remained elevated at 6 months (t[25]=2.1, P=.047). Feelings of civic responsibility significantly increased from the pre- to postsurvey (z=482.5, P<.001), but returned to baseline by 6 months. Four themes emerged from the follow-up interviews: (a) A disconnect exists between what medical students believe their responsibilities are and what they are doing; (b) medical students believe their current advocacy curriculum lacks depth and applicability; (c) students want programming that is realistic in the context of their limited time, varying passions, and current skill level; and (d) the LWL changed students’ views on advocacy.
Conclusions: Current skills-based education is time-intensive and fails to engage students who are not already committed to developing advocacy skills. Keeping the LWL short in length successfully targeted students with little previous advocacy experience. The event increased political efficacy and civic responsibility while making advocacy appear more accessible. The LWL is an effective and efficient way to teach advocacy to medical students.
Toma de decisiones en mujeres víctimas de violencia de pareja: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Díez-Cardona Paula A. , Muñoz-Arroyave Cristóbal O. , Montenegro-Martínez Gino , Segura-Cardona Ángela
Published: July 2023

La toma de decisiones ha sido considerada como un factor importante en el empoderamiento de las mujeres y en la disminución de la violencia hacia ellas, el presente artículo constituye una revisión sistemática comprendida entre los años 2010 y 2021 de la toma de decisiones en mujeres violentadas por sus parejas. Se utilizaron cinco bases de datos como Scopus, PubMed, Dialnet, Redalyc y Scielo. Se realizó una elección de veintiún artículos que cumplieron con los criterios de selección y entre los resultados se encontraron la relación favorable de la toma de decisiones y disminución de la violencia de pareja, no obstante, en ciertos lugares esto puede constituir un factor de riesgo al estar la mujer atenta a sus derechos. Por último, es importante tener en cuenta los procesos cognitivos que están implicados a la hora de tomar decisiones y sus implicaciones en mujeres violentadas.
Analysis of best practices for interactive content design and development for digital communication
Authors: Serna M. Edgar , Serna A. Alexei
Published: July 2023

Introduction. Several authors practice and disseminate good practices related to interactivity and agile, and from different areas and disciplines, as part of their activities, but few integrate them to develop projects. Objective. This paper presents the results of a review in which the level of dissemination of good practices related to these areas and those proposed for structuring, designing, and evaluating interactive content are investigated. Method. To conduct reliable literature reviews, it is necessary to build an initial protocol in which the research methodology is structured. Results. The final sample is made up of 100 works distributed mainly among articles, presentations at events, and online contributions. It was found that 47 % of the researchers publish about good practices to indicate an area or discipline of application, while 21 % describe them from interactivity and 24 % from agile. Conclusions. Furthermore, the good practices found are the result of personal experiences, not general validations, which makes it impossible to conclude whether they are really good.
Configuración del fenómeno paramilitar en Colombia
Authors: Sánchez Jaramillo Andrés Felipe
Published: July 2023

El texto examina qué condiciones y qué mecanismos permitieron el crecimiento de los grupos paramilitares. La desmovilización sobre la naturaleza del delito político y sus resultados, así como la mutación de estos grupos y los riesgos que representan para la estabilidad del país. Se ha aceptado que los grupos paramilitares surgieron por la demanda de seguridad en zonas afectadas por la guerrilla. No obstante, al considerar la experiencia de muchas regiones con presencia de estas organizaciones, vale la pena preguntarse si la protección que ofrecieron involucró el uso real o potencial de la violencia y si, en lugar de acabar con una situación de inseguridad, no terminaron más bien alimentándola. Pese al proceso de desmovilización derivado de la Ley de Justicia y Paz todavía el debate persiste, ya que este fenómeno es demasiado complejo porque abarca desde lo sociopolítico hasta lo socioeconómico.
Research advances in Risaralda. An overview of 8 experiences
Authors: Alzate Buitrago Alejandro , Ospina Parra Carlos Alberto , Gaviria Valencia Raúl Alberto , Peñuela Meneses César Augusto , Castaño Galvis Cesar Augusto , Peña Marín Gustavo Adolfo , Quintero Diaztagle Carlos Andrés , Gallego Gomez Juan Diego , Ospina Botero Mireya , Carmona Castilla Carolina , Blanco Vanegas Angélica María , Carmona Valencia Natalia Jeaneth , Pérez Ángela Liceth , González Santamaria Jhonatan , López García Claudia Jimena , Martinez Garcia Carla Johana , Vélez Herrera Yenny Marcela , Cardona Ocampo Jaime , Ospina Salazar Orlando , Arredondo Botero Julia Victoria
Published: July 2023

I am honored to present to you this remarkable book, a testament to the invaluable research conducted in the fields of Health, Law, Engineering, and Administrative Sciences. Each chapter within these pages represents the culmination of extensive investigations carried out by dedicated scholars affiliated with the Red Universitaria de Risaralda (RUN), a network comprising 15 esteemed higher education institutions. Risaralda has emerged as a thriving hub for higher education, bolstered by its strategic geographical location, high quality of life, rich biodiversity, and competitive development. Today, Pereira ranks third in the index of university cities, with a student enrollment rate exceeding 63%. Close to 50,000 students pursue academic programs within the department. Notably, three institutions have achieved accreditation for their excellence in education, positioning Risaralda among the most competitive regions in terms of accredited academic programs. As we celebrate the 20th anniversary of the Red Universitaria de Risaralda in 2023, it is with great pride that we reflect on its pivotal role in fostering collaboration among public and private higher education institutions. Our mission has been twofold: attracting students to our region and supporting sustainable development and quality of life for our community. The mesa de investigación (research committee) has diligently coordinated the necessary actions to unite our researchers, facilitating an integrated approach to various disciplines and themes associated with the challenges faced in our region.
Gestational weight gain advice to optimize infant birth weight in Japan: A quantile regression analysis of the Japanese nationwide perinatal database, 2013–2017
Authors: Sato Noriko , Haruyama Rei , Miyasaka Naoyuki
Published: July 2023

Objective: The optimal range of gestational weight gain (GWG)
was recently raised in Japan. Considering that the effect of GWG on
birth weight varies by quantile, this study performed hypothetical
experiments to determine effective GWG advice to reduce
small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants while limiting the increase in
large-for-gestational-age (LGA) infants. Design: Retrospective
cohort study. Setting: The Japanese Society of Obstetrics and
Gynecology nationwide perinatal database, 2013–2017.
Population: A cohort of 354,401 primiparous singleton
pregnancies. Methods: The association between GWG and birth
weight for gestational age was analyzed using a quantile regression
model. Based on the results, we estimated how hypothetical strategies
targeting women of inadequate or excessive GWG might influence the
proportions of SGA and LGA compared with a body mass index (BMI)-based
uniform strategy. Main outcome measure: Birth weight for
gestational age. Results: The estimated proportions of SGA and
LGA in the study population were 9.33 and 11.13, respectively, whereas
those in the BMI-based uniform strategy, which assumed a 3-kg increase
in GWG for women with BMI < 25 kg/m , were
7.26 (95% confidence interval: 7.15–7.36) and 14.51 (14.37–14.66). By
contrast, assuming a 3-kg increase and a 3-kg decrease in women with
inadequate and excessive GWG, the estimated proportions of SGA and LGA
were 8.42 (8.31–8.54) and 11.50 (11.37–11.62), respectively.
Conclusions: When providing GWG advice, not only increasing GWG
according to prepregnancy BMI, but also determining GWG adequacy and
decreasing it when excessive GWG is observed, may be effective for
optimizing birth outcomes.
Towards Development of Effective Policies and Regulations for Sustainable Off-Grid Solar Electronic Waste Management Systems in Kenya
Authors: MUGENDI DAVID KARIUKI , Mireri Caleb O , Korch Martin E
Published: July 2023

Off-grid solar systems provide clean and affordable energy.Adoption of
off-grid solar energy is becoming increasingly popular in Kenya as a
source of renewable energy,with an estimated 6 million people now using
off-grid solar power systems.However, the rising off-grid solar systems
technology uptake comes with a growing amount of solar e-waste, which
can have harmful environmental and health effects if not managed
properly.Current data on the exact amount of solar e-waste being
generated in Kenya is unavailable and this amount will continue to rise
with the expiry of many of these off-grid solar systems lifespans.This
study through stakeholder’s workshop engagement and document analysis
approaches,established that the country has robust general waste
policy,legal and institutional framework but there is no specific
policies and regulations on off grid-solar electronic waste
management,just like it is the case in many developing countries. In
addition, there is a lack of awareness on hazardous nature of off-grid
solar systems e-waste to both consumers and institutions of
governance.Furthermore,there is little enforcement of the general
regulations in addition to inadequate management infrastructures.This
calls for development of effective off-grid solar e-waste management
policies and regulations within the backdrop of the rising uptake of
off-grid solar energy systems in Kenya.
Correlation between alterations in resting-state functional connectivity of brain network and cerebrospinal fluid pathological markers in patients with Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Gong Chengbing , Zhu ZhengYang , Xu Jingxian , Song Wenting , Chen HaiFeng , Qin Ruomeng , Zhao Hui , Xu Yun
Published: July 2023

Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the correlation between
brain functional network alterations and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
pathological biomarkers in Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-spectrum patients.
Method: A total of 39 individuals were recruited, including 23 AD
patients and 16 control subjects. All subjects underwent a battery of
neuropsychological examinations, CSF measurement and multimodal magnetic
resonance imaging scans. Independent component analysis was used to
investigate the differences of functional connectivity（FC）among the
two groups based on the resting-sate functional MRI (fMRI) data. Then
correlation analyses were used to estimate the potential relationship
between functional network alterations and cerebral amyloid and tau
burden. Result: Multiple inter- and intra-network functional connections
were altered in AD patients compared to the Non ADCI group. Alterations
in FC between VN and PCC, as well as the functional connections of SMN
were found to be associated with the dynamic changes of CSF Tau.
Compared the AD group with the non-AD CI group, the aforementioned
altered functional brain connectivity, with the exception of FC in the
PCC and VN, was significantly associated with a decrease in CSF Aβ
Conclusion: This study provides provisional evidence that the brain
functional network alterations was closely associated with CSF
pathological characteristics, and these exploratory results support new
research ideas for the early diagnosis of AD.
Microhabitat features associated with occupancy of artificial nestboxes by hazel dormice (Muscardinus avellanarius)
Authors: Malyan Joe , Lloyd Amanda , González-Suárez Manuela
Published: July 2023

1. The severe decline of hazel dormice (Muscardinus avellanarius)
is well documented and has led to increased legislative protection both
in the UK and across Europe. Conservation measures for this species
often include provision of nestboxes as a mitigation or enhancement
technique after development projects. Previous research has offered some
insights into how to select suitable general locations for nestboxes,
but where to best place individual boxes to promote occupancy is less
well understood. We hypothesised microhabitat variables related to
proximity to food sources and nest building material will affect nestbox
occupancy by dormice and should be considered when placing individual
boxes within a selected site. 2. To assess individual nestbox occupancy
by hazel dormice, 76 microhabitat variables were collected from 45
occupied and unused nestboxes in a deciduous woodland in Berkshire,UK.
Variables were then used to predict probability of nestbox occupancy
(observed from 2017 to 2021) using Random Regression models. 3. Results
reveal nestboxes were more likely to be occupied by hazel dormice in
sites with higher local cover and abundance of hazel trees
(Corylus avellana), greater overall tree abundance but not fully
closed canopies (best around 80-85%), more hawthorn (Crataegus
monogyna) and honeysuckle (Lolium periclymenum), and when
located further from footpaths. 4. Our results build on previous
literature on habitat preferences of hazel dormice and importantly
provide insight into relevant microhabitat variables that offer
recommendations for where to place individual nestboxes to promote
occupancy and facilitate recovery of hazel dormice.
Maternity healthcare professionals perspectives of decision-making in the UK: a qualitative study.
Authors: Hardman Kitty , Davies Anna , Demetri Andrew , Clayton Gemma , Bakhbakhi Danya , Birchenall Kate , Barnfield Sonia , Fraser Abigail , Burden Christy , McGuinness Sheelagh , Miller Rachel , Merriel Abi
Published: July 2023

Objective To explore and characterise maternity healthcare
professionals’ (MHCPs) experience and practice of informed
decision-making (IDM), to inform policy, research and practice
development. Design Qualitative focus group study.
Setting Online with MHCPs from a single maternity unit in the
Southwest of England. Population MHCPs who give information
relating to clinical procedures and pregnancy care and are directly
involved in decision-making conversations purposively sampled from a
single National Health Service (NHS) Trust. Data collection: A
semi-structured topic guide was used. Data Analysis: Reflexive
thematic analysis . Results Twenty-four participants attended
seven focus groups. Two themes were developed: contextualising
decision-making and controversies in current decision-making.
Contextual factors that influenced decision-making practices included
lack of time, and challenges faced in intrapartum care. MHCPs reported
variation in how they approach decision-making conversations and asked
for more training on how to consistently achieve IDM. There were
communication challenges with women/birthing people who do not speak
English. Three controversies were explored in the controversies theme:
the role of prior clinical experience, the validity of informed consent
when women/birthing people were in pain and during emergencies, and
instances where women/birthing people declined medical advice.
Conclusions We found that MHCPs are committed to IDM but need
better support to deliver it consistently. Structured processes
including core information sets, communication skills training and the
decision support aids may help to standardise the information and better
support IDM.
NUMAC: Description of the Nested Unified Model with Aerosols and Chemistry, and evaluation with KORUS-AQ data
Authors: Gordon Hamish , Carslaw Ken S , Hill Adrian A , Field Paul R , Abraham Nathan Luke , Beyersdorf Andreas , Corr-Limoges Chelsea , Ghosh Pratapaditya , Hemmings John , Jones Anthony C , Sanchez Claudio , Wang Xuemei , Wilkinson Jonathan
Published: July 2023

We describe and evaluate a system for regional modeling of atmospheric
composition with the Met Office Unified Model (UM), suitable for
climate, weather forecasting and air quality applications. In this
system, named NUMAC (‘Nested UM with Aerosols and Chemistry’), a global
model provides boundary conditions for regional models nested within it,
using the Met Office’s Regional Nesting Suite for multi-scale
simulations. The regional models, which can run at convection-permitting
or cloud-resolving scales, use the same code as the global model. The
system includes double-moment prognostic aerosol microphysics with
interactive chemistry of sulfur species, ozone, NO and
CO as in the UK Earth System Model (UKESM). Double-moment prognostic
cloud microphysics is optional. To test NUMAC, we compare simulations to
surface and aircraft measurements from NASA’s KORUS-AQ campaign over
South Korea. The performance of the regional model, which we run at 5 km
resolution, is similar to the well-evaluated global model when the
regional and global models use the same emissions. Most species such as
ozone, NO, OH, or PMare simulated
within a factor of 2 of observations most of the time, though they are
biased low compared to sensors in polluted areas (observed surface dry
PM averages 28ugm but we simulate
17ugm). Meteorology and clouds are represented
satisfactorily. With higher-resolution emissions, many of the low model
biases are reduced, but a tuning was required to keep NO concentrations
realistic, indicating shortcomings in the chemistry scheme. We
demonstrate the potential of NUMAC for studies of aerosol-cloud
interactions.
Characterizing Ice Nucleating Particles over the Southern Ocean using Simultaneous Aircraft and Ship Observations
Authors: Moore Kathryn A , Hill Thomas C. J. , McCluskey Christina S. , Twohy Cynthia H. , Rainwater Bryan , Toohey Darin W. , Sanchez Kevin , Kreidenweis Sonia M. , DeMott Paul J
Published: July 2023

Supercooled liquid clouds are ubiquitous over the Southern Ocean (SO),
even to temperatures below -20 °C, and comprise a large fraction of the
marine boundary layer (MBL) clouds. Earth system models and reanalysis
products have struggled to reproduce the observed cloud phase
distribution and occurrence of cloud ice in the region. Recent
simulations found the microphysical representation of ice nucleation and
growth has a large impact on these properties, however, measurements of
SO ice nucleating particles (INPs) to validate simulations are sparse.
This study presents measurements of INPs from simultaneous aircraft and
ship campaigns conducted over the SO in austral summer 2018, which
include the first in situ observations in and above cloud in the region.
Our results confirm recent observations that INP concentrations are
uniformly lower than measurements made in the late 1960s. While INP
concentrations below and above cloud are similar, higher ice nucleation
efficiency above cloud supports model inferences that the dominant INP
composition varies with height. Model parameterizations based solely on
aerosol properties capture the mean relationship between INP
concentration and temperature but not the observed variability, which is
likely related to the only modest correlations observed between INPs and
environmental or aerosol metrics. An updated parameterization for marine
INPs is proposed, which reduces bias relative to existing methods by
including wind speed as an additional variable. Direct and indirect
inference of marine INP size suggests MBL INPs, at least those in the
sub-2.5 μm range, are dominated by particles with diameters smaller than
500 nm.
Localized Versus Non-Localized data: its Effect on Maize Nutrient Removal, Efficiencies and Budgets at a Global Scale.
Authors: Ludemann Cameron Ian , Hijbeek Renske , Loon Marloes van , Murrell T Scott , Dobermann Achim , Ittersum Martin van
Published: July 2023

Estimates of cropland nutrient budgets and nutrient use efficiencies at
national to global scales generally rely on average nutrient
concentrations for quantifying nutrients removed in crop yield and
by-products. Given the relevance of crop removal in nutrient budgets, it
is important that more locally relevant coefficients or models are
developed. However, many countries do not have sufficient data from farm
surveys or field experiments. Using maize as an example, we assessed how
much a country’s estimated nutrient removal is affected when using
either global (Tier 1), regional (Tier 2) or national/sub-national (Tier
3) estimates of harvest index and nutrient concentration of crop
products and residues.

Estimates of cropland removal of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium
varied substantially (up to 52%), depending on which Tier approach was
used. This had a substantial influence on national nutrient budgets and
nutrient use efficiencies. Our study shows the large uncertainty
associated with current nutrient offtake estimates. If national data
(Tier 2) are not available, Tier 3 offers a methodology to overcome such
data limitations through the application of models, trained on localized
but widely available data for countries. We recommend to use Tier 2 or
Tier 3 approaches once they have been evaluated against real on-farm
data. The presented methodology can be applied to other crops and
nutrients to improve cropland nutrient budgets and estimates of crop
nutrient use efficiencies.
Predicting Federal Contractor Misconduct
Authors: Alford Laura C. , Hansen Stephen C. , Hermis Judith M.
Published: July 2023

Between 1995 and 2021, the United States’ Federal Government imposed $162.5 billion in penalties upon government contractors who had engaged in improper behavior as part of the procurement process. Despite the enormity of contractor misbehavior, the characteristics associated with contractor misconduct are relatively underexplored in academic literature. In this study, we examine whether and to what extent firm characteristics predict federal government contractor misbehaviors, which range from minor statutory violations to fraud. We document a consistent association between contractor characteristics (size and total amount of government contracts received), contract-specific characteristics (service-type contracts and awarding agencies GSA and DOE), and the act of committing misconduct. Misconduct severity increases in size and total amount of government contracts, is not affected by service contracts, and has an inverse U-shape for government agencies. Taken together, our results suggest that characteristics of the contractor, contract, and government agency are predictably associated with committing procurement misconduct.

Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.

JEL Classifications: H11; H57; M41.
Online Learning Implementation during the Covid-19 Pandemic: Teachers’ Perception and Students’ Responses
Authors: Ratminingsih Ni Made , Made Hery Santosa  , Luh Diah Surya Adnyani  , I Ketut Trika Adi Ana
Published: July 2023

Technology plays a vital role in education, most currently due to the Covid-19 pandemic, forcing educators to work and students to study from home. This study aims to analyses teachers' perception and students' responses toward the online learning implementation which have undergone for more than one year. The study utilized mixed-method research of quantitative and qualitative, which was conducted by a survey and interview. It involved 37 teachers comprising the full-time and part-time teachers and eight representative students from 4-year levels. There were two instruments used to collect the data, namely questionnaire and interview guide. The findings were analyzed descriptively. First, the results from the questionnaires were presented quantitatively by calculating the percentage and then determined by using theoretical ideal reference assessment. The result of this study proved that most teachers generally had a good perception of the implementation of online learning. Additionally, the students mainly had good responses toward the implementation of online learning. Thus, in the year ahead, this kind of learning is becoming an appropriate model that needs to be implemented maximally with better treatment, especially in a virtual meeting via more synchronous platforms.
Does Transparency Effect on The Participation of Student’s Parent in Education Provisions?
Authors: Fuad Nurhattati , Rosyidi Unifah , Rosyidi Unifah , H.R Ahmad Jauhari , Aulia Rihlah Nur , H.R Ahmad Jauhari , Aulia Rihlah Nur
Published: July 2023

The low transparency and participation of parents in providing education at State Elementary Schools is the background to prove whether or not there is a direct effect of transparency in the dimensions of information availability, accuracy of media use and ease of access to information on school management on the participation of parents in SDN education. The aims of this study is to analyze the effect of transparency on the participation of parents in education. The unit of research analysis is the school committee management, totaling 2867 people. With Slovin's formula, 348 samples were selected randomly. Through the use of the causal expost facto method, data was collected using a questionnaire in the form of an attitude scale as outlined in the google form and manual questionnaire. Analyzed with descriptive statistical techniques and parametric inferential statistics, which was preceded by a normality test using the Lilifors technique. Regression significance test and regression linearity test were performed and analyzed using path analysis techniques. The results of the statistical test concluded that there is no direct effect of the availability of school management information on the participation of parents in the provision of education; there is no direct effect of the accuracy of the school management information media on the participation of parents in the administration of education, accessibility of school management information on the participation of parents in the provision of education. The availability of management information in schools has a significant direct effect on information accessibility.
Analyzing Students’ Perceptions of English Language Learning Through Online Learning Implementation
Authors: Muslem Asnawi , Fata Ika Apriani , M.Nur Lathifah
Published: July 2023

E-Learning also known as online learning became fully established during previous school year. This study aims to analyses students' perceptions of the usefulness of the E Belajar platform as a medium in the English online classroom, as well as the presences of English teachers. The method use is qualitative, consisting of a questionnaire and an interview. In a questionnaire, 56 students from one schools were asked to rate 20 statements on a five-point Likert scale. This school was chosen through purposive sampling because it used the E-belajar platform designed by ministry of education. In interview, there are five respondents through purposive sampling method to explore in depth usefulness of E-belajar and teachers presences. For the analysis, questionnaire data were analyzed using SPSS IBM Version 22, while the interview data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The result show that students preferred offline classes because the explanation of the learning materials was more obvious. In a face-to-face class, students can ask the teacher direct questions; they can maintain the offline class; they can gain more lessons in an offline class; they can understand more easily; they can enjoy themselves; the time in an offline class is more efficient; the explanation is clearer, and they can interact with the teacher. In summary, they acknowledged that E Belajar was beneficial in learning English and that teachers should consider using the digital platform during English online classes; however, teachers must guide and teach students accordingly.
What are the Characteristics of Learners and the Variations of Non-Electronic Learning Media?
Authors: Mahartika Ira , Aisyah Syukriyati Na'imatul , Meisyalla Langen Nidhana , Ilhami Aldeva
Published: July 2023

Analysis of media needs is crucial before developing a learning media product. This analysis should immediately look at a need in the field and consider the media according to the criteria and characteristics needed, but this is still ruled out and deemed unnecessary. This study aimed to analyze information about special needs analysis on non-electronic media. This research is a quantitative descriptive study using the NVIVO Plus assisted survey method. The sampling selection is a total of 23 schools were obtained consisting of 23 teachers and 230 students. Data collection were carried out through interviews and questionnaires. The results of the study showed that variations in learning media are still not visible due to the various obstacles encountered by teachers. Students want a variety of non-electronic learning media that is interesting, practical, fun, and easy to understand. Some schools still need non-electronic learning media to support the chemistry learning process, one of which is educational game media, modules, and worksheets based on learning model approaches, as well as a combination of the utility of non-electronic and electronic media.