bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lottery Ticket Structured Node Pruning for Tabular Datasets
Authors: Bluteau Ryan , Gras Robin , Innes Zachary , Paulin Mitchel
Published: October 2022

This paper experiments with well known pruning approaches, iterative and one-shot, and presents a new approach to lottery ticket pruning applied to tabular neural networks based on iterative pruning. Our contribution is a standard model for comparison in terms of speed and performance for tabular datasets that often do not get optimized through research. We show leading results in several tabular datasets that can compete with ensemble approaches. We tested on a wide range of datasets with a general improvement over the original (already leading) model in 6 of 8 datasets tested in terms of F1/RMSE. This includes a total reduction of over 85% of nodes with the additional ability to prune over 98% of nodes with minimal affect to accuracy. The new iterative approach we present will first optimize for lottery ticket quality by selecting an optimal architecture size and weights, then apply the iterative pruning strategy. The new iterative approach shows minimal degradation in accuracy compared to the original iterative approach, but it is capable of pruning models much smaller due to optimal weight pre-selection. Training and inference time improved over 50% and 10%, respectively, and up to 90% and 35%, respectively, for large datasets.
Omnichannel Retail Strategy Considering Cost-Sharing and Consumer Heterogeneity under Different Power Structures
Authors: Gong Yande , Ma Yidan , Wang Zhe
Published: October 2022

This paper explores two Omnichannel retail models consisted of one online platform and one brick-and-mortar store under different power structures considering cost-sharing mechanisms. In retail supply chain dominated by the online platform and brick-and-mortar store, respectively, under a “Buy online and pick up in store” strategy, the influences of the cost-sharing ratio and the proportion of traditional consumers on pricing and service decisions, the demands of various groups of consumers, and the performance of the retail system have been examined. In addition, the results of decision-making and profitabilities of retailers under different power structures have also been considered. The key findings show that the optimal price and service level first increase and then decrease with the cost-sharing ratio in a retail system dominated by the online platform. In contrast, the price and service level increase with the cost-sharing ratio only when the proportion of traditional consumers is relatively large in a retail system dominated by brick-and-mortar store. The symmetry demand increases as the scale of traditional consumers shrinks when the cost-sharing ratio is relatively large in a retail system dominated by the online system. At the same time, it only increases when the cost-sharing ratio is in the range of 5/8,5/6 in a retail system dominated by the brick-and-mortar store. No matter what the power structure is, the profit of the retail system always first increases and then decreases with the proportion of traditional consumers. Additionally, when the cost-sharing ratio and the proportion of traditional consumers are relatively small, the total demand in the retail system dominated by the online platform is higher than that in the retail system dominated by the brick-and-mortar store. The total profit is larger in the online platform-dominated retail system than that in the brick-and-mortar store-dominated retail system when the cost-sharing ratio is relatively high. However, when the cost-sharing ratio is relatively low, the profitability of the brick-and-mortar store-dominated retail system is stronger.
The Bayesian Posterior and Marginal Densities of the Hierarchical Gamma–Gamma, Gamma–Inverse Gamma, Inverse Gamma–Gamma, and Inverse Gamma–Inverse Gamma Models with Conjugate Priors
Authors: Zhang Li , Zhang Ying-Ying
Published: October 2022

Positive, continuous, and right-skewed data are fit by a mixture of gamma and inverse gamma distributions. For 16 hierarchical models of gamma and inverse gamma distributions, there are only 8 of them that have conjugate priors. We first discuss some common typical problems for the eight hierarchical models that do not have conjugate priors. Then, we calculate the Bayesian posterior densities and marginal densities of the eight hierarchical models that have conjugate priors. After that, we discuss the relations among the eight analytical marginal densities. Furthermore, we find some relations among the random variables of the marginal densities and the beta densities. Moreover, we discuss random variable generations for the gamma and inverse gamma distributions by using the R software. In addition, some numerical simulations are performed to illustrate four aspects: the plots of marginal densities, the generations of random variables from the marginal density, the transformations of the moment estimators of the hyperparameters of a hierarchical model, and the conclusions about the properties of the eight marginal densities that do not have a closed form. Finally, we illustrate our method by a real data example, in which the original and transformed data are fit by the marginal density with different hyperparameters.
Multiplier Hopf Coquasigroup: Motivation and Biduality
Authors: Yang Tao
Published: October 2022

Inspired by the multiplier Hopf algebra theory introduced by A. Van Daele, this paper introduces a new algebraic structure, a multiplier Hopf coquasigroup, by constructing the integral dual of an infinite-dimensional Hopf quasigroup with faithful integrals. Then, it shows that the biduality theorem also holds for Hopf quasigroups and multiplier Hopf coquasigroups of the discrete type.
A Meshfree Approach for Solving Fractional Galilei Invariant Advection–Diffusion Equation through Weighted–Shifted Grünwald Operator
Authors: Safari Farzaneh , Tong Qingshan , Tang Zhen , Lu Jun
Published: October 2022

Fractional Galilei invariant advection–diffusion (GIADE) equation, along with its more general version that is the GIADE equation with nonlinear source term, is discretized by coupling weighted and shifted Grünwald difference approximation formulae and Crank–Nicolson technique. The new version of the backward substitution method, a well-established class of meshfree methods, is proposed for a numerical approximation of the consequent equation. In the present approach, the final approximation is given by the summation of the radial basis functions, the primary approximation, and the related correcting functions. Then, the approximation is substituted back to the governing equations where the unknown parameters can be determined. The polynomials, trigonometric functions, multiquadric, or the Gaussian radial basis functions are used in the approximation of the GIADE. Moreover, a quasilinearization technique is employed to transform a nonlinear source term into a linear source term. Finally, three numerical experiments in one and two dimensions are presented to support the method.
An SDP Dual Relaxation for the Robust Shortest-Path Problem with Ellipsoidal Uncertainty: Pierra’s Decomposition Method and a New Primal Frank–Wolfe-Type Heuristics for Duality Gap Evaluation
Authors: Dahik Chifaa Al , Al Masry Zeina , Chrétien Stéphane , Nicod Jean-Marc , Rabehasaina Landy
Published: October 2022

This work addresses the robust counterpart of the shortest path problem (RSPP) with a correlated uncertainty set. Because this problem is difficult, a heuristic approach, based on Frank–Wolfe’s algorithm named discrete Frank–Wolfe (DFW), has recently been proposed. The aim of this paper is to propose a semi-definite programming relaxation for the RSPP that provides a lower bound to validate approaches such as the DFW algorithm. The relaxed problem is a semi-definite programming (SDP) problem that results from a bidualization that is done through a reformulation of the RSPP into a quadratic problem. Then, the relaxed problem is solved by using a sparse version of Pierra’s decomposition in a product space method. This validation method is suitable for large-size problems. The numerical experiments show that the gap between the solutions obtained with the relaxed and the heuristic approaches is relatively small.
An Explicit Wavelet Method for Solution of Nonlinear Fractional Wave Equations
Authors: Weng Jiong , Liu Xiaojing , Zhou Youhe , Wang Jizeng
Published: October 2022

An explicit method for solving time fractional wave equations with various nonlinearity is proposed using techniques of Laplace transform and wavelet approximation of functions and their integrals. To construct this method, a generalized Coiflet with N vanishing moments is adopted as the basis function, where N can be any positive even number. As has been shown, convergence order of these approximations can be N. The original fractional wave equation is transformed into a time Volterra-type integro-differential equation associated with a smooth time kernel and spatial derivatives of unknown function by using the technique of Laplace transform. Then, an explicit solution procedure based on the collocation method and the proposed algorithm on integral approximation is established to solve the transformed nonlinear integro-differential equation. Eventually the nonlinear fractional wave equation can be readily and accurately solved. As examples, this method is applied to solve several fractional wave equations with various nonlinearities. Results show that the proposed method can successfully avoid difficulties in the treatment of singularity associated with fractional derivatives. Compared with other existing methods, this method not only has the advantage of high-order accuracy, but it also does not even need to solve the nonlinear spatial system after time discretization to obtain the numerical solution, which significantly reduces the storage and computation cost.
Construction of Dual Optimal Bidirectional Double-Loop Networks for Optimal Routing
Authors: Liu Hui , Li Xiaowan , Wang Shenling
Published: October 2022

Bidirectional double-loop networks (BDLNs) are widely used in computer networks for their simplicity, symmetry and scalability. One common way to improve their performance is to decrease the diameter and average distance. Attempts have been made to find BDLNs with minimal diameters; however, such BDLNs will not necessarily have the minimum average distance. In this paper, we construct dual optimal BDLNs with minimum diameters and average distances using an efficient method based on coordinate embedding and transforming. First, we get the lower bounds of both the diameter and average distance by embedding a BDLN into Cartesian coordinates. Then, we construct tight optimal BDLNs that provide the aforementioned lower bounds based on an embedding graph. On the basis of node distribution regularity in tight optimal BDLNs, we construct dual optimal BDLNs with minimum diameters and average distances for any number of nodes. Finally, we present on-demand optimal message routing algorithms for the dual optimal BDLNs that we have constructed. The presented algorithms do not require routing tables and are efficient, requiring little computation.
On a Lyapunov-Type Inequality for Control of a ψ-Model Thermostat and the Existence of Its Solutions
Authors: Rezapour Shahram , Etemad Sina , Agarwal Ravi P. , Nonlaopon Kamsing
Published: October 2022

In this paper, a new structure of an applied model of thermostat is defined using the generalized ψ-operators with three-point boundary conditions. Some useful properties of the relevant Green’s function are established, and based on these properties, the Lyapunov-type inequality is constructed for the given extended ψ-model thermostat with the help of Jensen’s inequality. By defining mild solutions for such an extended system, the existence and non-existence conditions are discussed.
Generating Functions for Four Classes of Triple Binomial Sums
Authors: Chen Marta Na , Chu Wenchang
Published: October 2022

By means of the generating function approach, four classes of triple sums involving circular products of binomial coefficients are investigated. Recurrence relations and rational generating functions are established.
A Comprehensive Analysis of Chinese, Japanese, Korean, US-PIMA Indian, and Trinidadian Screening Scores for Diabetes Risk Assessment and Prediction
Authors: Fitriyani Norma Latif , Syafrudin Muhammad , Ulyah Siti Maghfirotul , Alfian Ganjar , Qolbiyani Syifa Latif , Anshari Muhammad
Published: October 2022

Risk assessment and developing predictive models for diabetes prevention is considered an important task. Therefore, we proposed to analyze and provide a comprehensive analysis of the performance of diabetes screening scores for risk assessment and prediction in five populations: the Chinese, Japanese, Korean, US-PIMA Indian, and Trinidadian populations, utilizing statistical and machine learning (ML) methods. Additionally, due to the present COVID-19 epidemic, it is necessary to investigate how diabetes and COVID-19 are related to one another. Thus, by using a sample of the Korean population, the interrelationship between diabetes and COVID-19 was further investigated. The results revealed that by using a statistical method, the optimal cut points among Chinese, Japanese, Korean, US-PIMA Indian, and Trinidadian populations were 6.205 mmol/L (FPG), 5.523 mmol/L (FPG), and 5.375% (HbA1c), 150.50–106.50 mg/dL (FBS), 123.50 mg/dL (2hPG), and 107.50 mg/dL (FBG), respectively, with AUC scores of 0.97, 0.80, 0.78, 0.85, 0.79, and 0.905. The results also confirmed that diabetes has a significant relationship with COVID-19 in the Korean population (p-value 0.001), with an adjusted OR of 1.21. Finally, the overall best ML models were performed by Naïve Bayes with AUC scores of 0.736, 0.75, and 0.83 in the Japanese, Korean, and Trinidadian populations, respectively.
Best Proximity Point Theorems without Fuzzy P-Property for Several (ψ − ϕ)-Weak Contractions in Non-Archimedean Fuzzy Metric Spaces
Authors: Zhou Mi , Saleem Naeem , Roldán López de Hierro Antonio Francisco , Liu Xiaolan
Published: October 2022

This paper addresses a problem of global optimization in a non-Archimedean fuzzy metric space context without fuzzy P-property. Specifically, it concerns the determination of the fuzzy distance between two subsets of a non-Archimedean fuzzy metric space. Our approach to solving this problem is to find an optimal approximate solution to a fixed point equation. This approach has been well studied within a category of problems called proximity point problems. We explore some new types of (ψ−ϕ)-weak proximal contractions and investigate the existence of the unique best proximity point for such kinds of mappings. Subsequently, some fixed point results for corresponding contractions are proved, and some illustrative examples are presented to support the validity of the main results. Moreover, an interesting application in computer science, particularly in the domain of words has been provided. Our work is a fuzzy generalization of the proximity point problem by means of fuzzy fixed point method.
Preface to the Special Issue on “Quantum Computing Algorithms and Computational Complexity”
Authors: Pelayo Fernando L. , Mezzini Mauro
Published: October 2022

In 1982, Richard Feynman stated that in order to simulate quantum systems, we would rather go for a sort of brand-new powered quantum processor instead of a classical one [...]
Commemorative Issue in Honor of Professor Paul J. Scheuer
Authors: Baker Bill J. , Hamann Mark T. , Nakao Yoichi
Published: October 2022

This Special Issue is dedicated to the memory of Professor Paul J [...]
LC-HRMS Profiling of Paralytic Shellfish Toxins in Mytilus galloprovincialis after a Gymnodinium catenatum Bloom
Authors: Lage Sandra , Costa Pedro Reis , Canário Adelino V. M. , Da Silva José P.
Published: October 2022

Saxitoxin and its more than 50 analogues are a group of naturally occurring neurotoxins collectively designated as paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs). PSTs are toxic to humans and maximum legal limits in seafood have been implemented by regulatory authorities worldwide. In the European Union, monitoring of PSTs is performed using the AOAC Official Method 2005.06, based on liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection (LC- FLD). However, this method has been suggested to not effectively detect the emerging C-11 hydroxyl (M-toxins) and benzoate (GC-toxins) analogues, with these analogues currently not being surveyed in monitoring programs. In this study, a liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) method was used to search for these emerging PSTs in mussels, Mytilus galloprovincialis, contaminated following an intense Gymnodinium catenatum bloom in the Tagus estuary (Lisbon, Portugal). Five M-toxins (M1, M2, M6, dcM6, and dcM10), but no GC-toxins, were detected in the mussels’ whole-soft body tissue. Moreover, the classical PSTs (C1 to C4, GTX 4 to GTX6, dcGTX1 to dcGTX4, dcSTX, dcNEO, and STX) were also found and comprised the largest fraction of the PSTs’ profile. The presence of unregulated PSTs in edible mussel samples suggests potential seafood safety risks and urges further research to determine the frequency of these analogues in seafood and their contribution to toxicity.
Enzyme-Treated Caviar Prevents UVB Irradiation-Induced Skin Photoaging
Authors: Park Jeongjin , Kim Dakyung , Lee Minhee , Han Sangshin , Jun Woojin , Jung Hyun Mook , Koo Yean Kyoung , Na Gwi Hwan , Han Sang Hun , Han Jehee , Kim Ok-Kyung
Published: October 2022

For this research article, we investigated the protective effects of enzyme-treated caviar powder extract (CV) in ultraviolet B (UVB)-irradiated hairless mice and keratinocytes by confirming moisturizing-related factors and elasticity-related factors. UVB irradiation induced wrinkle formation, dehydration, oxidative stress, and inflammation in the dorsal skin of mice; however, these were suppressed in the CV-supplemented groups in UVB-irradiated hairless mice. Furthermore, in UVB-irradiated keratinocytes, CV treatment increased the antioxidant enzyme activities and the levels of sphingomyelin and hyaluronic acid and decreased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the expression of IkB-α and p65 phosphorylation. These findings indicate that CV can directly protect keratinocytes against UVB irradiation-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. Therefore, we suggest that CV can protect against UVB-induced skin photoaging. Therefore, we suggest that caviar is effective for skin health by preventing UVB-induced skin photoaging.
A-Scan Parameters and the Risk of Phacomorphic Glaucoma in the Kazakh Population
Authors: Zhumageldiyeva Farida Erkulovna , Dzhumataeva Zaure , Dauletbekov Daniyar , Suleymenov Marat , Utelbayeva Zauresh , Meyermanova Zhanar , Teleuova Tynyskul
Published: October 2022

Background and Objectives: The aim of our study was to identify risk factors associated with phacomorphic glaucoma (PG) by comparing the biometric parameters of contralateral eyes of patients with PG with the eyes of patients with a mature cataract. Methods: This retrospective case–control study included 71 eyes affected with PG, 311 eyes of control participants, and 71 contralateral eyes of patients with PG. All participants were ethnically Kazakh. Axial lengths (AL), anterior chamber depths (ACD), and lens thicknesses (LT) were measured using A-scan ultrasound biometry. To determine the threshold value of the A-scan parameters associated with PG, we performed ROC analysis. Results: The eyes with PG had smaller AL and ACD values and larger LT values, followed by the fellow eyes with PG and the control eyes. There were no differences in age and sex between patients with PG and mature cataracts. After adjustment for age and other A-scan parameters, continuous measures of ACD and LT were associated with PG (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.38–0.73, p < 0.001; OR 3.36, 95% CI 1.64–6.912, p = 0.001). When A-scan parameters were dichotomized according to the identified threshold, an ACD of less than 2.5 mm (OR 3.113, 95% CI 1.562–6.204, p = 0.001) and an LT thicker than 4.75 mm (OR 26.368, 95% CI 9.130–76.158, p < 0.001) were found to be related to PG. Conclusions: We found that a thicker lens and, possibly, a shallow ACD are risk factors for PG.
The Effect of Short and Long-Term Therapeutic Treatment with Insoles and Shoes on Pain, Function, and Plantar Load Parameters of Women with Plantar Fasciitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ribeiro Ana Paula , João Silvia Maria Amado
Published: October 2022

Background and Objectives: Plantar fasciitis (PF) is a prevalent musculoskeletal disease, with inflammation at the origin of the plantar fascia, that affects sedentary people, particularly middle-aged women. Foot pain and functional limitations lead patients to seek treatment. Investigate the therapeutic effect of conservative treatment combining a custom insole with minimalist flexible shoes and the shoes alone in a gait-training protocol, in the short and long term, in women with PF. Materials and Methods: Design: A randomized, controlled, and single-blind trial. Setting: Biomechanics laboratory. Participants: 36 women, 26 with acute PF and 10 controls. Intervention: Gait-training protocol wearing the minimalist shoes alone (SG, n = 12, age: 46.4 ± 9.6, height: 1.60 ± 0.2, BMI: 28.8 ± 4.2), with a custom insole in the shoes (CIG, n = 14, age: 48.9 ± 9.8, height: 1.60 ± 0.1, BMI: 26.7 ± 5.6), and control (CG, n = 10, age: 46.1 ± 10.7, height: 1.61 ± 0.2, BMI: 26.4 ± 4.8). Evaluations were performed at baseline (T0) and after three (T3) and six (T6) months. The intervention had a duration of six months (six hours a day, seven days a week). Primary outcomes were rearfoot pain (visual analogue scale), the Foot Function Index (FFI), Foot Health Status Questionnaire (FHSQ-Br), and 6 min walk test (6MWT). The secondary outcomes were plantar pressure distribution during gait, measured by the pressure platform, and foot posture. Results: The CIG was effective for reducing pain and improving the FPI after T6 compared to CG. The FPI, FHSQ-Br and 6MWT demonstrated improvements after T6 in both the CIG and SG, compared to the CG. After T6, contact area (rearfoot) and maximum force (forefoot) reduced with CIG. Maximum force (midfoot and rearfoot) reduced with CIG and SG, as did peak pressure (forefoot and midfoot) in relation to CG. Conclusions: A customized insole associated with minimalist flexible shoes during a gait-training protocol can be recommended as a more effective treatment than minimalist flexible shoes alone over the short and long term, for reduction in calcaneus pain, increased function and foot health, and improved walking through reduced plantar load in women with PF.
Spinal Meningioma Surgery through the Ages—Single-Center Experience over Three Decades
Authors: Gull Hanah Hadice , Chihi Mehdi , Gembruch Oliver , Schoemberg Tobias , Dinger Thiemo Florin , Stein Klaus Peter , Ahmadipour Yahya , Sandalcioglu I. Erol , Sure Ulrich , Özkan Neriman
Published: October 2022

Background and Objectives: Spinal meningiomas, which are well characterized and are most frequently intradural extramedullary tumors, represent 25% of all intradural spinal tumors. The goal of this study was to compare the outcomes of surgically treated patients with spinal meningiomas in two time intervals with special emphasis on postoperative functional outcomes. Methods: Patients with spinal meningiomas admitted to our department between 1990 and 2020 were enrolled and divided into a historic cohort (HC; treated 1990–2007) and a current cohort (CC; treated 2008–2020). Patients’ clinical data and surgical and radiological reports were retrospectively analyzed up to 5 years. Preoperative and postoperative neurological function were assessed using the modified McCormick Scale (mMCS). The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was used to evaluate the effect of comorbidities on the preoperative status and postoperative outcome. Results: We included 300 patients. Participants in the CC (n = 144) were significantly younger compared to those in the HC (n = 156), with twice as many patients <50 years of age (p < 0.001). The most common tumor location was the thoracic spine (n = 204). The median follow-up was 38.1 months (±30.3 standard deviation). A symptom duration until surgery <12 months was significantly associated with an earlier improvement in the mMCS (p = 0.045). In the CC, this duration was shorter and patients’ neurological function at the first and last follow-ups was significantly better than for those in the HC (p < 0.001 for both). Conclusions: Our study results suggested that the impact of surgical management and postoperative rehabilitation on spinal meningioma patients’ long-term neurological outcome has reached important milestones over the last decades. An earlier diagnosis led to earlier surgical treatment and improved patients’ postoperative neurological recovery. Our results exposed that surgical therapy for spinal meningioma should be performed within 12 months after appearance of symptoms to achieve a better recovery.
Comparison of Long-Term Skin Quality and Scar Formation in Partial-Thickness Burn Wounds Treated with Suprathel® and epicitehydro® Wound Dressings
Authors: Schiefer Jennifer Lynn , Aretz Friederike Genoveva , Fuchs Paul Christian , Lefering Rolf , Yary Pouyan , Opländer Christian , Schulz Alexandra , Daniels Marc
Published: October 2022

Background and Objectives: Scar formation after burn trauma has a significant impact on the quality of life of burn patients. Hypertrophic scars or keloids can be very distressing to patients due to potential pain, functional limitations, or hyper- or hypopigmentation. In a previous study comparing Suprathel® and the new and cheaper dressing epicitehydro®, we were able to show that pain reduction, exudation, and time until wound-healing of partial-thickness burn wounds were similar, without any documented infections. No study exists that objectively measures and compares skin and scar quality after treatment with Suprathel® and epicitehydro® at present. Materials and Methods: In this study, the scar quality of 20 patients who had been treated with Suprathel® and epicitehydro® was objectively assessed using the Cutometer®, Mexameter®, and Tewameter®, as well as subjectively with the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale, 3, 6, and 12 months after burn injury. Results: In all performed measurements, no significant differences were detected in scar formation after treatment of partial-thickness burn wounds with the two dressings. Conclusions: Both the newer and less expensive wound-dressing epicitehydro® and the well-known wound-dressing Suprathel® resulted in stable wound closure and showed good cosmetic results in the follow-up examinations.
Three Weeks of Pulmonary Rehabilitation Do Not Influence Oscillometry Parameters in Postoperative Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Kostorz-Nosal Sabina , Jastrzębski Dariusz , Żebrowska Aleksandra , Bartoszewicz Agnieszka , Ziora Dariusz
Published: October 2022

Background: Thoracic surgery is a recommended treatment option for non-small cell lung cancer patients. An important part of a patient’s therapy, which helps to prevent postoperative complications and improve quality of life, is pulmonary rehabilitation (PR). The aim of this study was to assess whether the implementation of physical activity has an influence on forced oscillation technique (FOT) values in patients after thoracic surgery due to lung cancer. Methods: In this observational study, we enrolled 54 patients after thoracic surgery due to lung cancer, 49 patients with idiopathic interstitial fibrosis (IPF), and 54 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/asthma–COPD overlap (COPD/ACO). All patients were subjected to three weeks of in-hospital PR and assessed at the baseline as well as after completing PR by FOT, spirometry, grip strength measurement, and the 6-min walk test (6MWT). Results: We observed differences between FOT values under the influence of physical activity in studied groups, mostly between patients after thoracic surgery and COPD/ACO patients; however, no significant improvement after completing PR among FOT parameters was noticed in any group of patients. Improvements in the 6MWT distance, left hand strength, and right hand strength after PR were noticed (p < 0.001, 0.002, and 0.012, respectively). Conclusions: Three weeks of pulmonary rehabilitation had no impact on FOT values in patients after thoracic surgery due to lung cancer. Instead, we observed improvements in the 6MWT distance and the strength of both hands. Similarly, no FOT changes were observed in IPF and COPD/ACO patients after completing PR.
Particularities of Neurological Manifestations in Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma: Need for a Multidisciplinary Approach—A Narrative Review
Authors: Iordan Iuliana , Onisâi Minodora , Vlădăreanu Ana-Maria , Mambet Cristina , Marinescu Elena Cristina , Nistor Raluca , Bumbea Horia
Published: October 2022

ATL is a rare but a highly aggressive T-cell neoplasm associated with human T-cell leukemia virus-1 (HTLV-1) infection. Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) is a oncogenic retrovirus responsible for the development of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), but also for other non-malignant diseases, such as HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). HTLV-1 has a higher prevalence in Japan, the Caribbean, South America, intertropical Africa, Romania, and northern Iran. ATL patients can have an extensive spectrum of neurological manifestations. Numerous factors can be implicated, such as central nervous system infiltrates, neurolymphomatosis, complications to medication or allogeneic stem cell transplantation, HAM/TSP, infections, metabolic disturbances. The neurological complications are not always easy to recognize and treat. Thus, this review underlines the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach in ATL patients with neurological symptomatology.
Narrative Review of New Insight into the Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Cardiovascular Care
Authors: Axelerad Any , Stuparu Alina Zorina , Muja Lavinia Florenta , Docu Axelerad Silviu , Petrov Silvia Georgeta , Gogu Anca Elena , Jianu Dragos Catalin
Published: October 2022

Background and Objectives: The purpose of this paper was to perform a literature review on the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiothoracic and vascular surgery care and departments. Materials and Methods: To conduct this evaluation, an electronic search of many databases was conducted, and the resulting papers were chosen and evaluated. Results: Firstly, we have addressed the impact of COVID-19 infection on the cardiovascular system from the pathophysiological and treatment points of view. Afterwards, we analyzed every cardiovascular disease that seemed to appear after a COVID-19 infection, emphasizing the treatment. In addition, we have analyzed the impact of the pandemic on the cardiothoracic and vascular departments in different countries and the transitions that appeared. Finally, we discussed the implications of the cardiothoracic and vascular specialists’ and residents’ work and studies on the pandemic. Conclusions: The global pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 compelled the vascular profession to review the treatment of certain vascular illnesses and find solutions to address the vascular consequences of COVID-19 infection. The collaboration between vascular surgeons, public health specialists, and epidemiologists must continue to investigate the impact of the pandemic and the response to the public health issue.
Flap Extension Technique Using Intrasocket Granulation Tissue in Peri-Implant Osseous Defect: Case Series
Authors: Park Won-Bae , Ko Jung-Min , Han Ji-Young , Kang Philip
Published: October 2022

A compromised extraction socket is characterized by severe bone resorption around neighboring teeth and is often occupied with thick intrasocket granulation tissue (IGT). Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a procedure that can preserve the bone volume around extraction sockets, and it can also be combined with immediate implant placement. However, an early exposure of GBR sites is a possible complication because it increases the risk of infection and can inhibit successful bone regeneration. The purpose of these case series is to introduce a novel, surgical procedure that can prevent the exposure of GBR sites by using IGT for flap extension during immediate implant placement in compromised extraction sockets. The technique was successfully performed in six patients. For successful flap closure, the inner portion of the IGT was dissected so that the flap was properly extended with the base of IGT attached to the flap for blood supply. Periosteal releasing incisions were not performed. The IGT was first sutured to the palatal flap with resorbable sutures, and then the overlying flap was closed with additional sutures. There was no post-operative exposure of the surgical GBR site in any of the patients, and the location of the mucogingival junction remained unchanged. All grafted sites also achieved sufficient bone regeneration. Within the limitations, this case series demonstrates the potential use of IGT, a concept which was previously obsolete.
Surface Characterization, Antimicrobial Activity of Nonthermal Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Jet on Polyvinyl Siloxane Impression Materials
Authors: Choi Yu-Ri , Yoo Eun-Mi , Seo Hye-Yeon , Kang Min-Kyung
Published: October 2022

Background and Objectives The antimicrobial efficacy of a nonthermal atmospheric-pressure plasma jet (NAPPJ) on dental impression materials was investigated. Materials and Methods Type 3 polyvinyl siloxane was used as the impression material, and air and nitrogen NAPPJ were applied. The antibacterial effect of the NAPPJ was measured using the number of colony-forming units (CFUs) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of Streptococcus mutans. Surface chemical characteristics of the impression material were examined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and contact angle measurement. Additionally, physical properties were analyzed through surface roughness measurement, detail reproduction, and strain-in-compression test. Results Compared with the control group, the plasma treatment group showed ruptured bacteria membranes, destroyed bacteria structures, a significant reduction in the number of CFUs, and a significantly reduced contact angle. Further, XPS analysis showed that their surface was significantly richer in hydroxyl groups. The surface roughness, detail reproduction, and strain-in-compression results indicated no significant differences between the plasma treatment and control groups. NAPPJ treatment could remove bacteria from polyvinyl siloxane dental impression materials without changing the surface's physical properties. Conclusion Therefore, it is considered a promising method for disinfection.
The Effects of Honey Sulfonamides on Immunological and Hematological Parameters in Wistar Rats
Authors: Morariu Ionela Daniela , Avasilcai Liliana , Cioanca Oana , Morariu Branco-Adrian , Vieriu Madalina , Tanase Corneliu
Published: October 2022

Sulfonamides are among the most used drugs in beekeeping due to their effectiveness, despite their long-term persistence in tissues. Bee honey containing such residues poses numerous risks to human health. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects on immunological and hematological parameters of Wistar rats produced by sulfonamide residues in bee honey, through the evaluation of various blood parameters such as triiodothyronine and thyroxine levels, hematocrit, hemoglobin, red blood cell count and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration in a given volume of erythrocytes following administration of sulfonamide-containing honey. The hematological and immunological parameters showed significant variations in the group of rats that had been fed with honey spiked with sulfonamides compared to the control group. Changes in hematological indices were demonstrated in terms of a significant reduction in the number of erythrocytes, the amount of hemoglobin, and the value of hematocrit, thus confirming the induction of anemia in the tested group. Investigation of thyroid function through the analysis of triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) and their ratio showed a very significant decrease in plasma thyroxine levels in laboratory rats that were fed sulfonamide-spiked honey compared to the control group. The mean T3 concentration decreased from 0.70 ± 0.14 ng/dL to 0.34 ± 0.03 ng/dL, while the mean T4 concentration was reduced from 4.50 ± 0.30 μg/dL to 3.32 ± 0.21 μg/dL, thus demonstrating toxic effects on thyroid function. In sum, the presence of sulfonamides induced significant changes in the evaluated parameters indicating that the consumption of contaminated honey samples represents a high risk factor for thyroid dysfunction with potentially serious health impacts.
Intraoperative Neuromonitoring and Optical Magnification in the Prevention of Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injuries during Total Thyroidectomy
Authors: Karpathiotakis Menelaos , D’Orazi Valerio , Ortensi Andrea , Biancucci Andrea , Melcarne Rossella , Borcea Maria Carola , Scorziello Chiara , Tartaglia Francesco
Published: October 2022

Background and Objectives: Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) paralysis is a fearful complication during thyroidectomy. Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) and optical magnification (OM) facilitate RLN identification and dissection. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the influence of the two techniques on the incidence of RLN paralysis and determine correlations regarding common outcomes in thyroid surgery. Materials and Methods: Two equally sized groups of 50 patients who underwent total thyroidectomies were examined. In the first group (OM), only surgical binocular loupes (2.5×–4.5×) were used during surgery, while in the second group (IONM), the intermittent NIM was applied. Results: Both the operative time and the length of hospitalization were shorter in the OM group than in the IONM group (median 80 versus 100 min and median 2 versus 4 days, respectively) (p < 0.05). The male patients were found to have a five-fold higher risk of developing transient dysphonia than the females (adjusted OR 5.19, 95% IC 0.99–27.18, p = 0.05). The OM group reported a four-fold higher risk of developing transient hypocalcemia than the IONM group (OR 3.78, adjusted OR 4.11, p = 0.01). Despite two cases of temporary bilateral RLN paralysis in the IONM group versus none in the OM group, no statistically significant difference was found (p > 0.05). No permanent RLN paralysis or hypoparathyroidism have been reported. Conclusions: Despite some limitations, our study is the first to compare the use of IONM with OM alone in the prevention of RLN injuries. The risk of recurrent complications remains comparable and both techniques can be considered valid instruments, especially if applied simultaneously by surgeons.
Does Opuntia ficus-indica Juice Supplementation Improve Biochemical and Cardiovascular Response to a 6-Minute Walk Test in Type 2 Diabetic Patients?
Authors: Abedelmalek Salma , Aloui Khouloud , Boussetta Nesrine , Alahmadi Bayan , Zouch Mohamed , Chtourou Hamdi , Souissi Nizar
Published: October 2022

Background and objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Opuntia ficus-indica juice (OFIJ) on performance and biochemical and physiological responses to a 6 min walking test (6MWT) in diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: Twenty diabetic patients performed a 6MWT at 07:00 h. During each test session, they were asked to drink 70 mL/day of natural OFIJ or placebo (PLA) for 4 days. Results: the results showed that cardiovascular parameters increased significantly after the 6MWT under both conditions. While, cortisol, HbA1c, cholesterol total (CT), triglycerides (TG), as well as low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were not modified between without and with supplementation. Likewise, no significant variation in performance was observed for PLA and OFIJ (p > 0.05). The cardiovascular parameters (heart rate max (HRmax), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and systolic blood pressure (SBP)), lipid profile (CT, TG, LDL, and high-density lipoprotein HDL), hormonal parameters (insulin and glucagon), HbA1c and lactate ([La]) did not present any significant modification either between PLA or OFIJ (p > 0.05). Muscle-damage markers (creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)], cortisol, and liver parameters (i.e., oxidative stress marker, γGT, and total bilirubin) as well as glucose (GLC) were affected by supplementation (p < 0.05) before and after the 6MWT, but this change was significant only for OFIJ (p < 0.05). Conclusion: OFIJ had an antioxidant capacity, improved performance of the 6MWT, and reduced muscle-damage markers and glucose level in type 2 diabetic patients.
Comparison of Clinical Characteristics and Predictors of Mortality between Direct and Indirect ARDS
Authors: Tang Wen , Tang Rui , Zhao Yan , Peng Junnan , Wang Daoxin
Published: October 2022

Background and Objectives: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a heterogeneous syndrome that encompasses lung injury from a direct pulmonary or indirect systemic insult. Studies have shown that direct and indirect ARDS differ in their pathophysiologic process. In this study, we aimed to compare the different clinical characteristics and predictors of 28-day mortality between direct and indirect ARDS. Materials and Methods: The data of 1291 ARDS patients from September 2012 to December 2021 at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were reviewed. We enrolled 451 ARDS patients in our study through inclusion and exclusion criteria. According to the risk factors, each patient was divided into direct (n = 239) or indirect (n = 212) ARDS groups. The primary outcome was 28-day mortality. Results: The patients with direct ARDS were more likely to be older (p < 0.001) and male (p = 0.009) and have more comorbidity (p < 0.05) and higher 28-day mortality (p < 0.001) than those with indirect ARDS. Age and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) were predictors of 28-day mortality in the direct ARDS group, while age, MODS, creatinine, prothrombin time (PT), and oxygenation index (OI) were independent predictors of 28-day mortality in the indirect ARDS group. Creatinine, PT, and OI have interactions with ARDS types (all p < 0.01). Conclusions: The patients with direct ARDS were more likely to be older and male and have worse conditions and prognoses than those with indirect ARDS. Creatinine, PT, and OI were predictors of 28-day mortality only in the indirect ARDS group. The differences between direct and indirect ARDS suggest the need for different management strategies of ARDS.
Fouling Analysis in One-Stage Ultrafiltration of Precipitation-Treated Bacillus subtilis Fermentation Liquors for Biosurfactant Recovery
Authors: Tran Mai Lien , Chen Ying-Shr , Juang Ruey-Shin
Published: October 2022

Primary recovery of surfactin from precipitation-pretreated fermentation broths of Bacillus subtilis ATCC 21332 culture by one-stage dead-end and cross-flow ultrafiltration (UF) was studied. Dead-end experiments were first performed to select suitable conditions, including the amount of added ethanol—a micelle-destabilizing solvent (0–70 vol%), type (polyethersulfone, polyacrylonitrile, poly(vinylidene fluoride)) and molecular-weight cut-off (MWCO, 30–100 kDa) of the membrane in the surfactin concentration range of 0.25–1.23 g/L. Then, the cross-flow UF experiments were conducted to check the recovery performance in the ranges of feed surfactin concentration of 1.13–2.67 g/L, flow velocity of 0.025–0.05 m/s, and transmembrane pressure of 40–100 kPa. The Hermia model was also used to clarify membrane fouling mechanisms. Finally, three cleaning agents and two in situ cleaning ways (flush and back-flush) were selected to regain the permeate flux. As for the primary recovery of surfactin from the permeate in cross-flow UF, a polyethersulfone membrane with 100-kDa MWCO was suggested, and the NaOH solution at pH 11 was used for membrane flushing.
Application of Support Vector Machine to Obtain the Dynamic Model of Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell
Authors: Durango James Marulanda , González-Castaño Catalina , Restrepo Carlos , Muñoz Javier
Published: October 2022

An accurate model of a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is important for understanding this fuel cell’s dynamic process and behavior. Among different large-scale energy storage systems, fuel cell technology does not have geographical requirements. To provide an effective operation estimation of PEMFC, this paper proposes a support vector machine (SVM) based model. The advantages of the SVM, such as the ability to model nonlinear systems and provide accurate estimations when nonlinearities and noise appear in the system, are the main motivations to use the SVM method. This model can capture the static and dynamic voltage–current characteristics of the PEMFC system in the three operating regions. The validity of the proposed SVM model has been verified by comparing the estimated voltage with the real measurements from the Ballard Nexa® 1.2 kW fuel cell (FC) power module. The obtained results have shown high accuracy between the proposed model and the experimental operation of the PEMFC. A statistical study is developed to evaluate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed SVM model compared with the diffusive global (DG) model and the evolution strategy (ES)-based model.
Ameliorative Effects of Camel Milk and Its Exosomes on Diabetic Nephropathy in Rats
Authors: Shaban Amira M. , Raslan Mai , Qahl Safa H. , Elsayed Khaled , Abdelhameed Mohamed Sayed , Oyouni Atif Abdulwahab A. , Al-Amer Osama M. , Hammouda Ola , El-Magd Mohammed A.
Published: October 2022

Contradictory results were obtained regarding the effects of extracellular vesicles such as exosomes (EXOs) on diabetes and diabetic nephropathy (DN). Some studies showed that EXOs, including milk EXOs, were involved in the pathogenesis of DN, whereas other studies revealed ameliorative effects. Compared to other animals, camel milk had unique components that lower blood glucose levels. However, little is known regarding the effect of camel milk and its EXOs on DN. Thus, the present study was conducted to evaluate this effect on a rat model of DN induced by streptozotocin. Treatment with camel milk and/or its EXOs ameliorated DN as evidenced by (1) reduced levels of kidney function parameters (urea, creatinine, retinol-binding protein (RBP), and urinary proteins), (2) restored redox balance (decreased lipid peroxide malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased the activity of antioxidants enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)), (3) downregulated expression of DN-related genes (transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGFβ1), intercellular adhesion molecules 1 (ICAM1), and transformation specific 1 (ETS1), integrin subunit beta 2 (ITGβ2), tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP2), and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM1)), and (4) decreased renal damage histological score. These results concluded that the treatment with camel milk and/or its EXOs could ameliorate DN with a better effect for the combined therapy.