bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of goiter and iodine deficiency among school children in North Kashmir: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Ayoub Shifana , Bashir Khalid , Haq Inaamul , Khan S Muhammad Salim , Qurieshi Mariya Amin , Sumji Ishtiyaq Ahmad , Qadri Syed K.
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

Iodine deficiency disorders (IDDs) remain a significant public health challenge in developing countries, including India, where they contribute to goiter and other health impairments. Despite efforts to fortify salt with iodine, IDDs persist in regions like Kupwara, Kashmir, characterized by unique topography and socio-demographic diversity.

Objectives:

To assess the prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders among school-aged children in Kupwara district, Kashmir. To evaluate iodine content in household salt samples and urinary iodine concentration as markers of iodine deficiency.

Methods:

A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted from March 22 to March 31, 2022, involving 2,700 children aged 6–12 years selected using population proportionate to size (PPS) sampling from 30 clusters in Kupwara. Clinical examination for goiter was performed following WHO guidelines. Household salt iodine content was assessed through iodometric titration, and urinary iodine concentration was analyzed using the Sandell-Kolthoff reaction. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained.

Results:

Out of 2,700 children, 255 (9.44%) had Grade 1 goiter, and 17 (0.63%) had Grade 2 goiter, yielding a Total Goiter Rate (TGR) of 10.1%. Goiter prevalence was higher in females (11.2%) than males (9%). The highest TGR was observed in children aged 10 years (14.4%). Salt iodine content: 75% of samples contained 6.3 ppm iodine. Urinary iodine concentration: (1) 10.4% had mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency. (2) 12.3% exhibited adequate iodine intake. (3) 31.4% showed excess iodine levels.

Conclusion:

The study highlights a moderate prevalence of goiter in Kupwara, with iodine deficiency remaining a significant concern despite fortified salt usage. The findings underscore the need for strengthened monitoring and public health interventions targeting iodine deficiency, especially among school-aged children.
Prevalence and associated risk factors of hypertension in rural and urban areas of Punjab: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Singh Jasvinder , Iqbal Syed A. , Mohammed Tareq I. , Radhavan Prithvi , Rajpal Shreya , Gajula Sahini , Rath Shree
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Context:

Hypertension is a growing concern worldwide, particularly in developing countries. In India, it significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality. Various states have reported an increasing incidence of hypertension, underscoring the need to assess its prevalence and associated risk factors.

Aims:

This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of hypertension in Punjab, compare urban and rural areas, and identify the associated risk factors.

Settings and Design:

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted across Ludhiana, Punjab, involving three urban areas and three villages.

Methods and Materials:

Residents aged 20 years and older were selected, and their blood pressure was measured according to JNC-7 guidelines. Other demographic details and personal histories, including alcohol consumption and hypercholesterolemia, were documented for each participant.

Results:

The prevalence of hypertension in Ludhiana was 62%, with an equal distribution between rural and urban areas. However, fewer individuals in rural areas were aware of their hypertensive status, and the number of new cases was higher in these areas. Hypertension was notably more prevalent among males and those with lower educational backgrounds. Identified risk factors included obesity, a sedentary lifestyle, high socioeconomic status (SES), salt intake, stress levels, alcohol consumption, hypercholesterolemia, and low literacy rates, which were more prevalent in rural areas compared to urban areas.

Conclusions:

Our study highlights the increasing incidence of hypertension in Punjab, emphasizing that rural populations are more likely to be unaware of their condition. This finding suggests a limited reach of adequate healthcare services in these areas.
Right lung agenesis with multi-drug-resistant Cepacia syndrome: A case report
Authors: Kondisetti Mohit , Mishra Priyavardhan , Patil Anant , Sarangdhar Nikhil , Chanamolu Sankeerth
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Lung agenesis (LA) is a rare congenital anomaly that refers to an absence of lung tissue and bronchi. Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) causes a fatal acute necrotising pneumonia called Cepacia syndrome. The unique concomitant association of both these rare diseases has not been highlighted in the literature to the best of our knowledge. Here, we present a case of association of right-sided lung agenesis along with Cepacia syndrome. In our case, the Burkholderia cepacia complex was found to be a multi-drug-resistant organism. Debilitating deterioration in the oxygen saturation was observed and initiation of treatment after culture sensitivity report yielded in remission of the disease. However, due to underlying congenital agenesis, therapeutic intervention with steroids and bronchodilators led to stabilising the patient by developing oxygenation. Underlying pulmonary congenital defects predispose individuals to infections. The implementation of antimicrobial therapy must be aided with culture and sensitivity reports for better outcomes.
Perceptions and practices regarding pesticide exposure among pregnant women in a south Indian teaching institution
Authors: Rajalakshmi M , Devi D. S. Karthika , Mohan Reenaa , Bupathy A
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Agriculture is the primary source of livelihood for about 58% of India’s population. In recent years, there have been pressing public health and food safety concerns related to pesticide residues. Pesticides are a class of man-made environmental chemicals that can affect the body’s development, growth, and hormone balance. Pregnant women are a particularly vulnerable group when it comes to pesticide exposure. Focusing on this population provides crucial data for designing protective interventions. Hence for formulating effective intervention strategy to combat this problem, proper quantification of the root cause was needed, hence the study was being conducted.

Methods:

Hospital-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among 151 pregnant mothers. The questionnaire was administered by the principal investigator in a simple local language. Chi-square test was done to find the association between socio-demographic variables and knowledge of pregnant mothers about fetal complications due to pesticide.

Results:

The overall knowledge about pesticide was through newspaper (44.3%) and social media (24.5%) whereas 84.1% believed pesticide has adverse effects on the fetus. It is shown that age <35 years, third trimester participants, educated participants, higher socio-economic status participants showed adequate knowledge about fetal complications due to pesticides.

Conclusions:

The study concluded that knowledge is adequate about pesticide exposure, but the practice is not. Safe pesticide practices during pregnancy are necessary to protect the developing fetus.
Understanding women’s knowledge and attitudes toward the use of emergency contraceptive methods at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Wali Razaz M. , Alageel Nourah A. , Alghamdi Bushra S. , Assiri Layali I. , Alshehri Wejdan A.
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

Emergency contraception (EC) is an effective and safe choice for preventing unintended pregnancies if taken within the first 4 to 5 days. The review of existing literature indicates that EC options are often underused globally, primarily due to insufficient awareness among women.

Aim:

To determine the knowledge and attitude toward the use of EC methods among women at Primary Health Care Centers (PHCCs) at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC)-Jeddah.

Materials and Methods:

This is a questionnaire-based, cross-sectional observational study. It was conducted among women of the reproductive age group (18–55 years) who visited the PHCCs at KAMC-J, Saudi Arabia from 1st of December 2023 to 31st of May 2024.

Statistical Analysis:

The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 29 was used.

Results:

A total of 378 women took part in the study. The majority (47.6%) were aged between 26 and 35 years and 38.4% reported that they had no knowledge of EC and 61.6% reported they had knowledge about ER. The major source of knowledge was the Internet. (81.0%) reported their physician had not discussed EC with them and only 12.4% (47 participants) reported such a discussion, whereas 6.6% (25 participants) were unsure. Only a small percentage of participants (5.0%) reported having used EC. A significant association was found between knowledge about EC and several factors.

Conclusion:

This study showed that many participants at PHCCs at KAMC-J had insufficient knowledge of EC, with the Internet being the most common source of information. Demographic factors, such as age, marital status, education level, employment, number of children, income, and being a healthcare worker, were significantly associated with the level of EC knowledge.
Nurturing networks: Connecting the dots between social capital and antenatal care in south Karnataka, India
Authors: Johnson Avita R. , Arasu Sakthi , Rathnakumari S , Story William T.
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Antenatal care (ANC) is one of the pillars of primary healthcare in India. Timely and appropriate ANC can reduce complications from pregnancy and childbirth. Social capital—the collective benefit for an individual when part of a larger society—has the potential to improve the uptake of ANC services.

Objective:

To assess social capital and its association with ANC utilization in a peri-urban area in south India.

Methodology:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in two sub-center areas of Anekal Taluk in Bangalore Urban District, south India. A total of 350 women were interviewed on socio-demography, obstetric history, ANC utilization, and social capital. A composite index for quality ANC was constructed from various ANC services and social capital was measured using a validated 13-item instrument. Bivariate associations with socio-demographic variables, obstetric factors, and social capital were assessed. Logistic regression models were used to determine the association between quality ANC and social capital after controlling for covariates.

Results:

Mean age was 24.19 ± 3.56 years and mean education was 9.03 ± 4.98 years. Of all the women, 85% were homemakers and 70% belonged to the lower and middle classes. Quality ANC was achieved by 42.8% of the women. Being from Handenahalli subcentre (OR: 2.21; 95% CI: 1.36–3.60), completing secondary (OR: 4.56; 95% CI: 1.86–11.17) or higher education (OR: 5.95; 95% CI: 2.28–15.51), being gainfully employed (OR: 2.18; 95% CI: 1.06–4.48), belonging to middle class (OR: 2.37; 95% CI: 1.24–4.53), and feeling like one belongs to the village (OR: 8.33; 95% CI: 1.73–40.11.53) were significant predictors of achieving quality ANC.

Conclusion:

Even though individual services of the ANC were achieved by more than 80% of women, quality ANC was accomplished by less than half. Apart from factors like education, occupation, and geographic area; social capital factors, like social cohesion, proved to be a strong predictor of quality ANC. Social capital should be leveraged to empower society to further strengthen access to quality ANC services.
Hybrid Technique with Ultrasound and Fluoroscopy for Accurate Imaging in Caudal Epidural Steroid Injection
Authors: Shanthi D. Sneha , Das Gautam , Bisu S. Oinam
Published: February 2025

Caudal epidural steroid injection is commonly given for chronic low back pain with radiculopathy. Ultrasound-guided injection has become a common alternative for fluoroscopy and has demonstrated a high success rate. However, intravascular or intrathecal injections cannot be monitored in ultrasound. In this case report, we encountered partial vascular dye entry despite negative aspiration of a needle. Hence, by using the hybrid technique of both ultrasound and fluoroscopy, we can integrate the advantages of both techniques and avoid major complications.
Pain History and Level of Discomfort Are Associated With Anthropometric Profiles in Young Female Adolescents in Ghana
Authors: King-Konu Beatrice , Andam Gifty Kuukuwa , Asiamah Grace Kesse , Brown Eleazer Kofi Mensah , Deku Prince De-Gualle , Moses Monday Omoniyi
Published: February 2025

Background:

Musculoskeletal disorders are commonly associated with the elderly. Recent studies have however focused on children experiencing musculoskeletal disorder. Further study will necessarily strengthen the argument of musculoskeletal disorders among children. This study establishes the association of pain history and level of discomfort and anthropometric indices among female adolescents in senior high schools.

Materials and Methods:

A descriptive cross-sectional study was used to examine the pain history and level of discomfort among 146 senior high school female students aged between 14 and 20 years. A standardized Nordic Questionnaire was used for the analysis of musculoskeletal pain history and discomfort. A body discomfort chart was used to subjectively assess pain intensity. Anthropometric indices were measured with a standardized tool.

Results:

Approximately 52.7% of students had chronic and 37.0% had acute neck pain and 52.1% had chronic and 40.4% had acute lower back pain. The female students had chronic pain in all the various parts of their body assessed (neck 77 [52.7], shoulder 53 [36.3], elbow 20 [13.7], wrist/hand 45 [30.8], upper back 68 [46.6], lower back 76 [52.1], hip/thigh 44 [30.1], knee 60 [41.1], and ankle/feet 40 [27.4]). There was a positive association between pain history and level of discomfort and anthropometric indices, body mass index category, and pain history and level of discomfort. Anthropometric indices had a negative association with chronic and acute musculoskeletal pain.

Conclusion:

Senior high school female students are living with chronic low back, hip/thigh, and ankle/feet pains associated with anthropometric indices. Regular and longitudinal musculoskeletal disorder assessment and pragmatic exercise interventions would attenuate its prevalence among female senior high school students.
Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of self-assembling biocompatible heparin-based targeting polymeric micelles for delivery of doxorubicin to leukemic cells
Authors: Emami Jaber , Kazemi Moloud , Mirian Mina
Published: February 2025

Background and purpose:

Biodegradable polymeric micelles have emerged as one of the most promising platforms for targeted drug delivery. In the present study, a polymeric micelle composed of folic acid (FA), heparin (HEP), dexamethasone (DEX), and (FA-PEG-HEP-CA-TOC) was developed for the delivery of doxorubicin (DOX) to leukemic cells.

Experimental approach:

FA-HEP-DEX was synthesized and characterized by 1H-NMR. DOX-loaded micelles were prepared using a dialysis method. The impact of various processing variables, including polymer-to-drug ratio, dialysis temperature, and solvent type, on the physicochemical properties of the micelles were evaluated. In vitro, cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of the micelles in folate receptor-positive (K562) and negative (HepG2) cells were evaluated.

Findings/Results:

The 1H-NMR results confirmed the successful synthesis of FA-HEP-DEX. DOX-loaded micelles exhibited an average particle size of 117 to 181 nm with a high drug entrapment efficiency (36% to 71%). DOX-loaded micelles also showed sustained drug-release behavior. DOX-loaded FA-HEP-DEX micelles exhibited higher cellular uptake and in vitrocytotoxicity than free DOX and DOX-loaded HEP-DEX micelles in K562 cells.

Conclusions and implications:

DOX was well incorporated into the micelles with high entrapment efficiency due to high solubility of DOX in DEX as the hydrophobic component of the micelle structure. The higher cellular uptake and cell toxicity of targeted micelles correspond to the presence of FA on the micelle surface, which promotes cell internalization of the micelles viaspecific receptor-mediated endocytosis. Our results indicated the potential of DOX-loaded heparin-based micelles with desirable antitumor activity as a targeted drug delivery system in cancer therapy.
Cardioprotective potential of protocatechuic acid against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats
Authors: Safaeian Leila , Haghighatian Zahra , Zamani Mohammadreza
Published: February 2025

Background and purpose:

Chemotherapy with doxorubicin (DOX) is associated with toxicity in many organs including cardiac tissue. A large body of evidence has suggested that phenolic acids, such as protocatechuic acid (PCA), have beneficial effects on cardiovascular problems. This investigation was conducted to evaluate the ameliorative properties of PCA against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in Wistar rats.

Experimental approach:

Animals were treated with PCA (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, orally) for 10 days. On the 7th day, a single injection of DOX (20 mg/kg/day, i.p.) was administered to induce cardiotoxicity. Electrocardiography, biochemical analysis of cardiac markers, and histological inspections were performed.

Findings/Results:

Pretreatment with PCA, especially at the doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg for 7 days before the administration of DOX, significantly improved cardiac rhythm and pathological changes, reduced serum levels of creatine phosphokinase-MB, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, lipid peroxides and also prevented heart weight rise.

Conclusions and implications:

The in-vivo findings of the current study revealed that PCA exhibits protective effects against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. These results suggest that PCA, a natural phenolic acid, may serve as a promising candidate for cardioprotective interventions in clinical trials involving chemotherapy with DOX.
The development of mitochondria-targeted quercetin for rescuing Sertoli cells from oxidative stress
Authors: Satrialdi  , Pratiwi Cellina , Khaeranny Ryan Novia , Mudhakir Diky
Published: February 2025

Background and purpose:

The imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and endogenous antioxidant capacity leads to oxidative stress, which may damage several cellular functions, particularly spermatogenesis. This condition is a leading cause of male infertility, so controlling ROS levels is crucial. The ROS level can be controlled by supporting the endogenous antioxidant system through antioxidant therapy. Mitochondria are the prime target for antioxidant therapy due to the majority of endogenous ROS produced in mitochondria and their critical role in providing energy during fertilization. This research aimed to develop mitochondria-targeted hybrid nanoplatforms by combining liposomes with dequalinium’s mitochondriotropic agent (DQ) to deliver quercetin for targeted antioxidant therapy to mitochondria.

Experimental approach:

The quercetin-loaded nanocarrier was constructed using the hydration method. We varied the concentration of DQ to investigate its impact on physical characteristics, encapsulation efficiency, intracellular trafficking, and in vitro antioxidant activity.

Findings/Results:

The impact of different DQ densities on particle size, encapsulation efficiency, and mitochondria targeting was insignificant. However, lowering the DQ density reduced the zeta potential. Minimizing oxidative stress on TM4 cells was only achieved with low-density DQ (Q-LipoDQ LD), while high-density DQ (Q-LipoDQ HD) failed to mitigate the negative impact.

Conclusion and implications:

According to the findings, LipoDQ LD preserves a promising potential as mitochondria-targeted nanoplatforms and validates the importance of mitochondria as a target for antioxidant therapy.
The Prevalence of Traumatic Dental Injuries Due to Workplace Safety Accidents among Korean Workers by Occupational Group
Authors: Son Ji-Young , Lim Jae-Hyung , Han Dong-Hun
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

This study examines the prevalence experience of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) due to workplace safety accidents by occupation among Korean workers. Furthermore, identify occupation-specific risk factors, providing essential data for formulating workplace safety policies and TDI prevention strategies.

Methods:

Data from Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VII and VIII (2016–2020) were analyzed for 16,588 adults aged 19–54 years, selected from 39,738 participants to represent the active working population in Korea. Analyses were adjusted for sociodemographic factors and covariates.

Results:

Thirteen percent of participants reported TDIs, with 7.3% attributed to work-related accidents. Manual laborers, particularly plant and machine operators and assemblers, had the highest TDI rate (odds ratio [OR] = 1.56, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.20–1.94). Significant disparities in work-related TDIs were observed between agriculture, forestry, and fishery workers compared to industrial plant workers. Among manual laborers, plant and machine operators and assemblers showed an adjusted OR of 1.53 (95% CI = 1.20–1.94). Moreover, the level of education was found to be a significant contributing factor to the previously mentioned differences in experience rates.

Conclusion:

Manual workers exhibit a higher vulnerability to experiencing TDIs in workplace compared to nonmanual workers, and this association is significantly impacted by their educational attainment. Therefore, to enhance the oral health of workers confronting economic and time restrictions, policies and interventions targeting the enhancement of their working conditions should be implemented.
Patterns of Adherence to COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors and Its Associated Factors: A Cross-sectional Study in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Lestari Septi Kurnia , Wardani Ratri Kusuma , Arguni Eggi , Fachiroh Jajah , Lazuardi Lutfan , Sasongko Teguh Haryo , Ng Nawi , Dewi Fatwa Sari Tetra
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

Adherence to COVID-19 preventive behaviors is crucial in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia, but it relies on voluntary participation. Therefore, understanding adherence patterns is vital for designing effective interventions. This study aims to identify groups of adherence patterns and associated factors among adults in Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Methods:

Cross-sectional secondary analyses were conducted on data from 409 healthy adults who participated in the SurveIllaNce sysTEm to observe seroconverSIon to SARS-CoV-2 in humans study. Patterns of adherence to COVID-19 preventive behaviors, such as face mask wearing, respiratory etiquette, handwashing, physical distancing, not traveling out of the region, avoiding social gatherings, and avoiding going out for a walk, shopping, or meeting others, were identified using latent class analysis (LCA). Factors associated with adherence groups and frailty were examined using multinomial regression analyses integrated with LCA.

Results:

Three adherence groups were identified: high (65.2%), moderate (13.7%), and low adherence (21.1%). Women (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 4.5; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.8–10.9) and married individuals (aOR: 3.8; 95% CI: 1.7–8.3) were more likely to belong to the high adherence group, while older adults (aOR: 0.5; 95% CI: 0.22–0.96) and those with COVID-19-like symptoms (aOR: 0.2; 95% CI: 0.03–0.89) had a higher likelihood to be in the low adherence group.

Conclusion:

Differences in adherence patterns may exist among individuals with varying personal characteristics. Thus, it is imperative to develop tailored health promotion strategies that target specific demographic groups with lower adherence.
Local SGD for near-quadratic problems: Improving convergence under unconstrained noise conditions
Authors: Sadchikov Andrey , Chezhegov Savelii , Beznosikov Aleksandr Nikolaevich , Gasnikov Alexander Vladimirovich
Published: February 2025

Distributed optimization plays an important role in modern large-scale machine learning and data processing systems by optimizing the utilization of computational resources. One of the classical and popular approaches is Local Stochastic Gradient Descent (Local SGD), characterized by multiple local updates before averaging, which is particularly useful in distributed environments to reduce communication bottlenecks and improve scalability. A typical feature of this method is the dependence on the frequency of communications. But in the case of a quadratic target function with homogeneous data distribution over all devices, the influence of the frequency of communications vanishes. As a natural consequence, subsequent studies include the assumption of a Lipschitz Hessian, as this indicates the similarity of the optimized function to a quadratic one to a certain extent. However, in order to extend the completeness of Local SGD theory and unlock its potential, in this paper we abandon the Lipschitz Hessian assumption by introducing a new concept of approximate quadraticity. This assumption gives a new perspective on problems that have near quadratic properties. In addition, existing theoretical analyses of Local SGD often assume a bounded variance. We, in turn, consider the unbounded noise condition, which allows us to broaden the class of problems under study.
Bibliography: 36 titles.
Local methods with adaptivity via scaling
Authors: Chezhegov Savelii , Skorik Sergej Nikolaevich , Khachaturov Nikolas , Shalagin Danil , Avetisyan Aram Arut'unovich , Takáč Martin , Kholodov Yaroslav Aleksandrovich , Beznosikov Aleksandr Nikolaevich
Published: February 2025

The rapid development of machine learning and deep learning has introduced increasingly complex optimization challenges that must be addressed. Indeed, training modern, advanced models has become difficult to implement without leveraging multiple computing nodes in a distributed environment. Distributed optimization is also fundamental to emerging fields such as federated learning. Specifically, there is a need to organize the training process so as to minimize the time lost due to communication. A widely used and extensively researched technique to mitigate the communication bottleneck involves performing local training before communication. This approach is the focus of our paper. Concurrently, adaptive methods that incorporate scaling, notably led by Adam, gained significant popularity in recent years. Therefore, this paper aims to merge the local training technique with the adaptive approach to develop efficient distributed learning methods. We consider the classical Local SGD method and enhance it with a scaling feature. A crucial aspect is that scaling is described generically, allowing us to analyze various approaches, including Adam, RMSProp, and OASIS, in a unified manner. In addition to the theoretical analysis, we validate the performance of our methods in practice by training a neural network.
Bibliography: 49 titles.
Remediation of contagious metals from mine-used water using Carica Papaya trunk enhanced charcoal produced with HCl acid
Authors: Adetoro A. E. , Ojoawo S .O.
Published: February 2025

Consumptions of contagious metals particularly from mine used water usually result in grievous health diseases and loss of aquatic lives. This research concentrated on elimination of specific contagious metals (Co3+, Fe2+, and Pb2+) from mine used water using Carica Papaya Trunk Enhanced Charcoal produced with HCl (CPTEC – HCl). The contagious metals’ concentrations of the mine used water, predominant functional classes and surface structure of the produced CPTEC-HCl were ascertained utilising some analytical techniques. The adsorption (batches) and desorption experiments applying six parameters were carried out. The suitability of the adsorption facts generated was conducted using adsorption isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamics through linear and non-linear regressions with two error functions. The contagious metals’ original values were higher than the acceptable requirements. After treatment, CPTEC-HCl eliminated the contagious metals completely (100%) using 0.516 g of the adsorbent with 0.028 mm granule-size at 146.576 rpm, 51.718 minutes, pH of 6.969 at 30 °C. The processes were majorly chemisorptions, largely followed Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherms, Pseudo-second-order kinetic models and highly influenced by the adsorption parameters. The adsorption processes were favourable, feasible, and natural. CPTECHCl is an excellent alternative adsorbent for commercial enhanced charcoal in contagious metals’ elimination from real-world effluent especially mined used water.
Influence of land use and land cover changes on flood susceptibility in Karadua River Basin, Katsina State, Nigeria
Authors: Samaila Ibrahim , Abubakar Kabir , Abdulkadir Umar , Isa Zaharaddeen , Tadama Mu’azu Haliru
Published: February 2025

This study examines land use and land cover (LULC) changes and their impacts on flood susceptibility in the Karadua River Basin, Katsina State, Nigeria, between 2017 and 2023. Supervised classification of Landsat imagery was conducted, with spatial integration and extraction by polygon. Weighted and decomposition analyses were applied to deduce the influence of LULC on flood susceptibility in the study area. The results revealed that the classified LULC achieved high classification accuracy (overall accuracy > 84%, Kappa coefficient > 0.81). Additionally, agricultural land was identified as the dominant LULC type, covering over 98% of the area, though it declined slightly (-0.20%). Built-up areas increased significantly (118.06%), indicating rapid growth, while vegetation and water bodies declined by 50.40% and 26.47%, respectively. The decomposed weighted analysis of the Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) method and LULC highlighted changes in infiltration and runoff across different LULC classes and soil types, with the growth of built-up areas and vegetation loss contributing to increased flood susceptibility. These trends underscore the need for sustainable land-use practices to mitigate environmental degradation and reduce flood risks in the basin.
Comparative study of heavy metals in wild catfish (Clarias gariepinus) from Jabi Lake and cultured catfish from Gwagwalada fish market Abuja
Authors: Abdullahi Samira A. , Daniel Robert J.
Published: February 2025

Pollution of heavy metals affect aquatic environments due to rise in natural processes and anthropogenic activities. The aim of the study was to analyse heavy metals in wild catfish from Jabi Lake and cultured catfish (Clarias gariepinus) from Gwagwalada fish market in Abuja. The specific objectives were to compare the presence of heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Cd) in wild and cultured Clarias gariepinus. A total of 80 Clarias gariepinus were used for the study. Forty (40) fish from each group were purchased from Jabi Lake and Gwagwalada fish market respectively. The fish samples were prepared and digested using nitric acid and Sulphuric acid in a ratio of 3:1 for about 1 hour using a hot plate. The digested solution was taken to the fully automated PC-controlled double-beam iCE 300 Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer for analysis. The result showed the presence of the five heavy metals. The mean levels of lead (Pb) and Cd in the cultured fish were (2.929 ±0.707) and Cd (0.1867 ±0.508) respectively. The result of the lake wild cat fish showed Pb > Fe > Cr > Cd > Cu while that of the catfish cultured in Gwagwalada market showed Pb > Fe > Cr > Cd > Cu. The study's finding showed that wild catfish had greater concentrations of heavy metals than cultured fish.
Perspectives on Barriers to Use and Benefits of Functional Electrical Stimulation From Australians and New Zealanders With SCI and Clinicians and Researchers in the Field
Authors: Palermo Anne E. , Gorgon Edward , Vecchio Antonio , Tedesco Triccas Lisa , McCaughey Euan , Donovan-Hall Maggie
Published: February 2025

Objectives:

To document, through a survey, perceptions of functional electrical stimulation (FES) from people with spinal cord injury (SCI) and carers, clinicians, and researchers (CCR).

Methods:

Online questionnaires were completed in Australia and New Zealand from December 1, 2021 to August 31, 2022. Subgroups included people with SCI who have used FES, people with SCI who have not used FES, CCRs who have used FES, and CCRs who have not used FES. Frequencies and percentages of subgroup data were calculated for all questions. Open-ended responses were analyzed with inductive content analysis.

Results:

Ninety-nine responses (70 people with SCI, 29 CCR) were analyzed. Out of the 99 responses, 47 people with SCI and 27 CCRs had used or currently use FES. Muscle strength was the most frequently reported benefit by people with SCI and CCRs who use(d) FES. Lack of training was the most frequently reported barrier to FES by people with SCI (85% of question responders) and CCRs (94%) who had used FES. People with SCI (95%) who had not used FES reported access as a barrier. The leading priorities for future research include improved ease of use for people with SCI (60% people with SCI) and clinical guidelines (48% CCR). Qualitative findings supported the quantitative findings.

Conclusion:

This survey identified access as a barrier to FES and echoed benefits (strength) and barriers (training) reported in previous research. Ameliorating the barriers and investigating the areas of future research identified in this study will ultimately improve FES uptake in SCI rehabilitation.
Método Canguru: Programa de humanização da assistência multiprofissional ao recém-nascido prematuro e/ou baixo peso
Authors: MARTINEZ HILTON VIZI , FREITAS EDILAINE APARECIDA , NEVES FABRICIA ADRIANA MAZZO
Published: February 2025

O Método Canguru é um tipo de assistência neonatal que implica, em contato “ pele apele”, no tempo mais imediato possível entre a mãe/família significativo/pai e o recémnascidode baixo peso.Esse método foi implantado no serviço de Neonatologia doHospital Universitário Regional de Maringá, através de uma proposta da equipemultiprofissional, que garantisse a humanização da assistência prestada ao binômiomãe/filho. Constatamos, através da implementação do método, um melhordesenvolvimento dos recém-nascidos prematuros internados através de uma evoluçãoponderal mais rápida e do equilíbrio emocional proporcionado pelo vínculo afetivoentre mãe-filho.Os profissionais de saúde sentem-se mais realizados ao ver resultadosproporcionados pelo método.
Comportamento motor de crianças com paralisia cerebral
Authors: GAETAN ELIANE MEWES , NISHIDA ANA PAULA , VICENTIN DANIELE HERRERO , SANTOS LIZANDRA CAMILA , ROYER SCHIRLEI TAÍS
Published: February 2025

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar crianças com Paralisia Cerebral (PC), classificadascomo diplégicas e quadriplégicas, por meio da escala GMFM nas dimensões: deitar erolar (A), sentar (B), engatinhar e ajoelhar (C), em pé (D) e andar, correr e pular (E); ecomparar os resultados entre os grupos. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo de novecrianças com Paralisia Cerebral. As avaliações foram realizadas no Laboratório dePesquisa do Desenvolvimento Infantil/Fisioterapia/UEL. As crianças diplégicasobtiveram maior pontuação nas dimensões: deitar e rolar e sentar, do que asquadriplégicas. Não foi possível a comparação nas dimensões engatinhar e ajoelhar, empé e andar, correr e pular, pois as crianças quadriplégicas não obtiveram pontuação nositens correspondentes.
Perfil de pacientes acamados da Unidade de Saúde Quebec, em Maringá - Paraná
Authors: SCIPIONI GABRIELA , DUARTE ELAINE CRISTINA , CAPELINI JULIANA CERQUEIRA , MICHELIM VIVIAN GIOVANA , MALEZAN WILLIAN RAFAEL
Published: February 2025

Este artigo tem por pressuposto traçar o perfil de pacientes que necessitam deatendimento domiciliar, sabendo que a maior parte destes são idosos e encontram-seacamados, através de pesquisa desses indivíduos relacionados no Programa Saúde daFamília. Foram realizadas visitas domiciliares semanais e aplicado um questionáriosemi-aberto, bem como inspeção e coleta de dados vitais. Observou-se que a médiageral de acometimentos associados foi um traço importante do perfil, com maiorpercentual de AVE com 75%; fratura de colo de fêmur, 10 %; Parkinson, 5%; esclerose,10% e dificuldade de locomoção, 37%. Devido às alterações observadas advindas doacamamento, pode-se concluir a importância e necessidade de traçar um perfil coerentedos pacientes acamados e de suas alterações relacionadas, para que se possa, no futuro,elaborar boas condutas de tratamento e prevenção.
O uso de peças anatômicas criodesidratadas no ensino de anatomia
Authors: PEREIRA ANA PAULA CASTELLO , SECORUN ALAN CASSIANO , DA ROCHA DENIS PAES , CONSONI VITOR HUGO
Published: February 2025

O ensino de anatomia é de fundamental importância, tantonas séries básicas para a formação do cidadão no ensino fundamental emédio, quanto em disciplina básica em graduações da área de Ciênciasda Saúde, Agrárias e Biológicas. Desenvolver técnicas didáticas queauxiliem o aluno e minimizem os efeitos dos preparados anatômicos épossível. Por meio do emprego da técnica de criodesidratação, podemosconfeccionar peças anatômicas livres das inconveniências do formol e doálcool, produtos tóxicos e/ou inflamáveis. É uma técnica de fácilprodução e manutenção, que permite a manipulação livre edesenvolvimento prático, mais próximo do real que em peçasconfeccionadas com material sintético.
A importância das áreas de preservação permanente em áreas urbanas
Authors: FEDATTO JÚNIOR ZÉLIO , DA ROCHA DENIS PAES , CONSONI VITOR HUGO
Published: February 2025

As ocupações irregulares das áreas de proteção permanentesestão causando uma devastação muito grande principalmente nas áreasurbanas, como temos observado o não comprimento da lei sobreparcelamento do solo urbano — Lei Lehman (LF 6.766/79) que diz queos loteamentos devem reservar (sem edificações) uma faixa de 15 metrosde cada lado ao longo de cursos d’água, rodovias, ferrovias e dutos,enquanto o Código Florestal reforça a medida de 30 metros ao longo doscorpos d’água urbanos. O Código Florestal proibiu a supressão deflorestas e as demais formas de vegetação e a limitou a exploraçãoeconômica nos lugares referidos pelo art. 2º como área de preservaçãopermanente. As áreas de preservação permanente podem ser divididasem ex vi legis e as declaradas por ato do Poder Público. As últimas sãopostas no mundo jurídico através de uma declaração do PoderExecutivo, como prevê o art. 3º do Código Florestal, enquanto que asprimeiras existem tão somente pela eficácia do Código Florestal Lei nº4.771/65, estando arroladas no art. 2º deste diploma. Portanto qualquermodificação causada pelo homem nessas áreas, alterando ou suprimindoa cobertura vegetal, configura crime, tendo em vista que os crimes contraas florestas e demais formas de vegetação estão tipificados nos arts. 38 a53 da Lei n° 9.605/98, também chamada de Lei dos Crimes Ambientais.As administrações municipais têm enfrentado sérios problemas relativosa ocupações nas áreas de preser vação permanentes, em função dosimpactos sócio-ambientais que com-prometem drasticamente todo oecossistema do qual ela é parte integrante. Apesar da existência das legislações protetoras de recursos naturais (federais e estaduais) não se temconseguido efetivamente evitar a degradação ambiental e reverter oprocesso de desqualificação do ambiente urbano.
Utilização de biomarcadores de estresse oxidativo no monitoramento ambiental
Authors: DE OLIVEIRA MONIQUE CRISTINE , DE SOUZA VITOR HUGO ENUMO
Published: February 2025

A exposição de um organismo a um poluente resultaprimeiramente no acúmulo desse xenobiótico nos órgãos e tecidos ealterações moleculares irreversíveis podem ocorrer devido à contínuaação deletéria. Um dos efeitos provocados pelos metais pesados é suacapacidade de catalisar reações oxidativas, levando à geração deEspécies Reativos de Oxigênio (EROS). Existe uma variedade dedefesas antioxidantes, enzimáticas e não enzimáticas, que controlam aformação excessiva das EROs. Das defesas enzimáticas destacam-se asenzimas superóxido dismutase (SOD), glutationa peroxidase (GPx) ecatalase (CAT), enquanto que os compostos tais como o GHS(glutationa reduzida) fazem parte do sistema de defesa não enzimáticocelular. Sendo assim, os testes de avaliações de impacto ambientalutilizando-se os níveis das defesas antioxidantes mostram-se cada vezmais úteis e necessário para que, através da investigação, possam sedesenvolver metodologias para acabar, ou ao menos diminuir, o impactoambiental ocasionado por xenobióticos.
Proposta de protocolo de avaliação objetiva para asmáticos
Authors: SARI FRANCIELE LEILIANE SARI( , MAGNANI KARLA LUCIANA
Published: February 2025

A asma brônquica, é caracterizada como uma doença crônicadas vias aéreas, ocasionando obstrução do fluxo aéreo, inflamação e hiperreatividadebrônquica. A fisioterapia respiratória tem sido amplamenteutilizada em associação a medidas clínicas para o tratamento. O objetivodeste estudo é propor um protocolo de avaliação objetiva, que possibilite aanálise de parâmetros específicos e necessários para graduar a obstruçãodas vais aéreas, e consequentemente um acompanhamento terapêuticomais eficaz. O protocolo proposto consiste na avaliação da funçãopulmonar, testes de força muscular respiratória, tolerância ao exercíciofísico, quantificar dispnéia, avaliação da qualidade de vida, mensuração damobilidade tóraco-abdominal, e análise da gasometria arterial. Asinformações do estudo em questão, foram obtidas através de literaturasespecíficas, artigos de bases de dados, e periódicos científicos. Contudo, oestudo possibilitou agrupar várias técnicas de avaliação que podem serutilizadas em pacientes com disfunção pulmonar, permitindo o melhormanejo terapêutico e familiar da doença.
Doenças cardiovasculares: conhecer para prevenir
Authors: DE MELLO JOSIANE MEDEIROS , GONÇALVES ALESSANDRO , DE MELLO JAQUELINE MEDEIROS , TORREJAIS MARCIA MIRANDA , TESSARO RAQUEL
Published: February 2025

Atualmente grande parte da população mundial é atingida porenfermidades que afetam o coração e os vasos sangüíneos. Este trabalhotem como objetivo realizar um breve levantamento bibliográfico sobre atemática em questão, enfocando as principais patologias que acometem osistema cardiovascular e a prevenção dessas doenças. Tendo em vista queas enfermidades cardiovasculares estão surgindo cada vez mais cedo naspessoas, atingindo não só os idosos como também muitos jovens e atémesmo adolescentes, fica claro que é de suma importância odesenvolvimento de trabalhos visando à prevenção dessas doenças.Portanto, é imprescindível que estejam disponíveis em linguagem de fácilcompreensão, bibliografias cujos conteúdos sejam esclarecedores eestimulem as pessoas a praticarem o que se recomenda teoricamente,cultivando hábitos de vida saudáveis e conseqüentemente se prevenindodo possível surgimento de uma doença cardiovascular.
O adolescente, o “ficar” e a família
Authors: FREITAS PATRÍCIA , MARANHO ADRIANE GISBERT
Published: February 2025

Convivendo com adolescente no dia-a-dia é notório e curiososeu comportamento diante das novidades acerca dos relacionamentos‘amorosos’. O despojamento e a naturalidade com que eles tratam oassunto é digno de uma investigação mais detalhada. Partindo daspremissas citadas acima buscamos evidenciar como ocorre atualmente arelação dos adolescentes com o “ficar” – palavra usada por eles paradefinir envolvimento sem compromisso -, e qual é a relação da famíliadiante dessa temática. Para isso, foram feitas observações, diálogoinformal, aplicação de questionário e produção de textos que abarcam otema em questão, sendo estudantes da 7ª série de uma escola particular nacidade de Maringá – PR. Por intermédio desta pesquisa pretendemosdesvendar as diferentes opiniões dos meninos e meninas em relação aonamoro e ao “ficar”.
Perfil dos pacientes atendidos no setor de urgência odontológica da Faculdade UNINGÁ, Maringá-PR, no ano de 2006
Authors: BERALDO THALITA FRANCIELLY , LOPES CARINA GISELE , CAMARGO WASHINGTON RODRIGUES , DE CÁPUA MELINA
Published: February 2025

O objetivo deste estudo destina determinar o perfil sóciodemográficodos pacientes atendidos, com dados como idade, gênero ecor da pele, realizados no ano de 2006 pelo Setor de Urgência daFaculdade Odontológica da UNINGÁ, Maringá-PR. Foram avaliadas porum único examinador 881 fichas clínicas referentes ao atendimentorealizado pelos alunos de graduação no Setor de Urgência Odontológicano ano de 2006, nos quais foram buscados dados dos pacientes. Emrelação ao perfil sócio-demográfico, constatou-se a predominância depacientes situados na faixa etária de 35 a 44 anos, do gênero femininocom 529 indivíduos e percentual de 60%, e leucodermas com total de 310indivíduos com percentual de 81%. Sendo assim as mulheres, indivíduosde pele branca, faixa etária de 35 a 44 anos constituíram o perfil depacientes mais atendidos no setor de Urgência Odontológica da FaculdadeIngá - UNINGÁ, no ano de 2006.
Determinação da prevalência da classificação sugerida por Capelozza Filho, Padrões I, II, III, Face Longa e Face Curta, e sua relação com a Classificação de Angle, na região sul de Minas Gerais
Authors: GANDRA FLÁVIA BATISTA , FERNANDES ANDREA MARIA ACERBI CARAM , DE SOUZA BRUNO JULIO , NAKAO MARCELO , DE OLIVEIRA ANTONIO GERALDO , OLIVEIRA JUNIOR JOSÉ ROBERTO , OLIVEIRA JUNIOR GILBERTO
Published: February 2025

Este estudo objetivou determinar a prevalência dos Padrões I,II, III, Face Longa e Face Curta, segundo a classificação de CapelozzaFilho (2004) e correlacioná-la com a classificação de Angle (1899), empacientes da região Sul de Minas Gerais. Sendo assim, foram utilizadascomo amostra 1000 documentações ortodônticas de pacientes com idademédia de 16 anos e 3 meses. Foram analisadas as documentações iniciais,incluindo: fotos extrabucais, intrabucais e radiografias laterais da face. Dototal de 1000 pacientes, 63,9% foram classificados como Padrão I, 25,7%como Padrão II, 4% como Padrão III, 5,5% como Padrão Face Longa e0,9% pacientes como Padrão Face Curta, de acordo com da classificaçãode Capelozza Filho (2004). Já em relação à classificação de Angle (1899),dos 63,9% pacientes classificados como Padrão I, 63,06% apresentoumá oclusão de Classe II, 33,34% má oclusão de Classe I e 3,6% máoclusão de Classe III. Dos 25,7% pacientes classificados como Padrão II,87,54% apresentaram má oclusão de Classe II, 12,06% apresentaram máoclusão de Classe I e apenas 0,4% apresentou má oclusão de Classe III.Para os 4% dos pacientes Padrão III, 67,5% apresentaram má oclusão deClasse III, 22,5% apresentaram má oclusão de Classe I e 10%apresentaram má oclusão de Classe II. Quando se trata do Padrão FaceLonga, dos 5,5% pacientes, 39% apresentaram má oclusão de Classe II,25,45% apresentaram má oclusão de Classe I e 3,65% apresentaram máoclusão de Classe III. Finalizando, dos 0,9% de pacientes classificadoscomo Padrão Face Curta, 66,66% apresentaram má oclusão de Classe II e33,33% apresentaram má oclusão de Classe I. Nenhum pacienteapresentou má oclusão de Classe III.
Academias da terceira idade: saúde física e mental
Authors: DE OLIVEIRA MARIA APARECIDA MENDES , JHON EDMARA CONZAGA , DE SOUZA VITOR HUGO ENUMO
Published: February 2025

Este artigo tem como intuito fazer uma breve revisão sobre asAcademias da Terceira Idade, projeto pioneiro no Brasil, onde omunicípio de Maringá foi o primeiro a implantá-las. Essas academias,localizadas ao ar livre, consistem em uma série de equipamentosergonômicos, os quais, com o monitoramento de profissionais da saúde,possibilitam a prática de exercícios de alongamentos, relaxamentos,flexibilidade e agilidade. Entre as pessoas acima de 60 anos, já seconstatou a diminuição de consultas e solicitações de anti-inflamatóriosnos postos de saúde onde foram implantados estes aparelhos.