bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Arab revolts and 'Civil State': a new term for old conflicts between Islamism and secularism
Authors: De Poli Barbara
Published: July 2018

The Arab revolts that erupted in late 2010, forcing from power the rulers of Tunisia, Egypt, Libya and Yemen, and dragging Syria through a ferocious civil war, reactivated the public debate on government in Islamic countries. In all those countries, after removing the authoritarian regimes (or fighting against them), the political arena saw a division into two main camps: Islamic parties and secularists; both claiming to stand for democracy. Within the political discourse of both sides a new concept began to play a pivotal role: that of the ’civil state’ – dawla madaniyya –  a term which, however, renders different semantic interpretations according to the political actors involved, meaning both ‘no military or theocratic (but Islamic) State’, and ‘secular State’. We’ll especially analyse the usage of the term ‘dawla madaniyya’ in Tunisia and Egypt since the beginning of the Arab revolts and up until 2014 and, for the same time period, the political practices of Islamist and secularist parties (government experiences, constituent assemblies) focusing on the effectiveness of the dawla madaniyya paradigm for building a democratic state.
Hezbollah's Military Intervention in Syria: political choice or religious obligation?
Authors: Tokmajyan Armenak
Published: July 2018

Hezbollah has been an important political and military actor in Lebanon and the Middle East since the mid-1980s. Its popularity grew especially after successfully deterring the Israeli invasion of Lebanon in 2006. With the emergence of the so-called Arab Spring, however, the party’s popularity declined for many reasons. One of these was its military intervention in Syria on the side of the Syrian government. This event has been interpreted in various ways, sometimes explaining it as religiously-motivated decision, due to Hezbollah’s strong affiliation to Shia Islam. This empirical research finds that, on the contrary, Hezbollah’s intervention is politically rather than religiously motivated. The data presented here shows that Hezbollah politicizes certain aspects of the religious sensitivities in the region in order to mobilize troops, yet, a study of its military activities inside Syria indicates that Hezbollah actually follows its political and geostrategic interests.
(Re-)Placing Pentecostalism: Swedish Mission and the idea of the Baltic
Authors: Coleman Simon
Published: July 2018

I draw on fieldwork based in the Word of Life Ministry, Sweden, to consider how these neo-Pentecostals have constructed the Baltic as a landscape of both action and imagination. One part of my argument states that we must see the ministry’s attitudes to Sweden and the wider Baltic region in terms of its desire to situate itself within Swedish revivalist history. I also argue, however, that we can fruitfully draw on Bakhtin’s notion of the ‘chronotope’ to trace how the Baltic constitutes a potent spatio-temporal context for the construction of a narrative which encourages Word of Life members to see their missionary role as being contained within, but also looking far beyond, the Baltic Sea region.
Conversion and the transformation of culture in the Finnish Pentecostal movement
Authors: Mantsinen Teemu
Published: July 2018

A religious community is composed of and by its members. It both transforms and reflects their styles. This article argues that a crucial aspect of cultural change is the process of identity-making through personal experience. In the development of any evangelical religious movement its second and third generations are especially important as they have a different experience of, and identification with, their religion than does the first generation. The Finnish Pentecostal movement has changed from being a radical to a more moderate movement because it has evolved in step with its  members’ socialization. Based on my fieldwork and research I want to emphasise this difference between the experiences of the first and subsequent generations in explaining how a religious movement changes.
A brief history of Spiral Dynamics
Authors: Butters Albion
Published: July 2018

For nearly two decades, the theory of Spiral Dynamics has been used to dynamically model human evolution and information systems. In that time, however, many different versions and applications of the model have emerged. This article will diachronically trace the history of Spiral Dynamics, from the foundational theory of Clare Graves to its initial introduction by Don Beck and Chris Cowan and subsequent adaptation by Ken Wilber. A brief exploration of the various camps and their competing interpretations of Spiral Dynamics will permit some critical analysis of the model itself.
The creation of beauty by its destruction: the idoloclastic aesthetic in modern and contemporary Jewish art
Authors: Raphael Melissa
Published: July 2018

Contemporary commentators are well aware that the Jewish tradition is not an aniconic one. Far from suppressing art, the Second Commandment produces it. And not just abstract art; it also uses halakhically mandated idoloclastic techniques to produce figurative images that at once cancel and restore the glory (kavod) of the human. This article suggests that Jewish art’s observance of the Second Commandment’s proscription of idolatrous images (a commandment that belongs indivisibly with the First) is ever more relevant to a contemporary image-saturated mass culture whose consumption induces feelings of both hubris and self-disgust or shame. The article revisits Steven Schwarzschild’s interpretation of the halakhic requirement that artists should deliberately misdraw or distort the human form and Anthony Julius’s account of Jewish art as one that that mobilizes idol breaking. As an aesthetic consequence of the rabbinic permission to mock idols – and thereby render the ideological cults for which they are visual propaganda merely laughable or absurd – distortive, auto-destructive and other related forms of Jewish art are not intended to alienate the sanctity of the human. On the contrary, by honouring the transcendence of the human, especially the face, idoloclastic art knows the human figure as sublime, always exceeding any representation of its form. Idoloclastic anti-images thereby belong to a messianic aesthetic of incompletion that knows the world as it ought to be but is not yet; that remains open to its own futurity: the restoration of dignity, in love.
Towards an imaginal dialogue: archetypal symbols between Eastern Orthodox Christianity and Islam
Authors: Qadir Ali , Tiaynen-Qadir Tatiana
Published: July 2018

This paper explores the potential for a dialogue between religious traditions based on art, in order to complement the dominant channels that rely on conceptual meanings. Building on a theoretical framework of post-Jungian archetypal psychology – as developed by James Hillman and Henry Corbin – we propose that the utility of such a dialogue inheres in the notion of an imaginal realm, or mundus imaginalis. In the first part of the paper we highlight three key features of this notion: the distinction between the imaginal and the imaginary; the significance of a culturally differentiated collective unconscious; and a reflection of the imaginal in practice rather than conceptually. We emphasize the materiality of sacred symbols that emerge from the imaginal realm. In the second part, we illustrate the importance of two archetypal symbols: the fish and the chalice. The significance of these symbols in history and in the practices of communities of believers is discussed. Thirdly, we discuss specific features of the dialogue emerging from these ubiquitous archetypal symbols.
Dressing the dead body
Authors: Nordström Birgitta
Published: July 2018

My current research focuses on textiles and rites, especially woven textiles for funerals and moments of loss. What active role can a textile such as an infant-wrapping cloth or a funeral pall play in the mourning process? This article will describe the development and current questions that address 1) the infant-wrapping cloth – the textile that is used to dress, clothe, or cover the dead body with particular attention to the question of infant mortality and the material practices of care. 2) The funeral pall that is used at funerals, draped over the coffin or as a body cover at hospital viewing rooms. One example to be presented is Kortedalakrönika (‘The Chronicle of Kortedala’), a collaborative project, woven for a church in Gothenburg. My work is based in artistic practice but opens up several scientific and existential questions.
Connecting concepts, creating worlds
Authors: Smith W. Alan
Published: July 2018

Review of Aesthetics of Religion: A Connective Concept, eds. Alexandra Grieser and Jay Johnston, Religion and Reason, 58 (Berlin and Boston, de Gruyter, 2017).
ALTINTAŞ (KÜTAHYA-TÜRKİYE) OVASI TARIM TOPRAKLARINDA AĞIR METAL KİRLİLİĞİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI, ÖNCEL ÇALIŞMA
Authors: ÖZKUL Cafer , ACAR Recep Uğur , KÖPRÜBAŞI Necla , ER Ali Emre , KIZILKAYA Halil İbrahim , METİN Muharrem , ŞENEL Musa Namık
Published: July 2018

Dünya
nüfusunun hızla artışına bağlı olarak artan beslenme ihtiyacının büyük bir
kısmı tarımsal faaliyetler ile sağlanmaktadır. Yoğun kentleşme ve sanayileşme
tarım alanlarının yok edilmesine sebep olmakta ve bunlara bağlı olarak ortaya
çıkan trafik yoğunluğu, madencilik ve endüstriyel faaliyetler tarım
topraklarının kirletilmesine ve geri dönüşü olmayacak şekilde zarar görmesine
neden olmaktadır. Ayrıca tarımsal faaliyetler sırasında kullanılan kimyasallar
da (pestisid, insektisit vb.) tarım alanlarının kirletilmesinde önemli bir paya
sahiptir. Tarım alanlarındaki bu kirliliğin büyük bir kısmını ise ağır metaller
(As, Cd, Co, Cr, Pb, Ni, Fe, Cu, Zn vb.) oluşturmaktadır. Ağır metallerce
kirlenen topraklardan yetişen zirai ürünler gerek tarımsal verim üzerinde
gerekse de besin zincirine girdiğinde insan veya hayvanlar üzerinde olumsuz
etkiler oluşturabilmektedir.

Altıntaş
ovası, Ege Bölgesi’nin iç kısmında Kütahya ilinin yaklaşık 40 km güneyinde yer
alan, tarımsal faaliyetlerin yoğun olarak yapıldığı bir bölgedir. Altıntaş
ovası üzerinde yöre ekonomisinde önemi olan ayçiçeği ve şeker pancarı gibi
sanayi bitkileri, sebze, tahıl ve hayvan yemleri üretimi yapılmaktadır.
Kütahya, Afyonkarahisar ile Uşak illerine hizmet veren Türkiye’nin ilk bölgesel
havalimanı olan uluslararası Zafer Havalimanı ile Altıntaş ilçe merkezi çalışma
alanı Altıntaş Ovası üzerinde kurulu olup Orta Anadolu’daki şehirleri Uşak ve
İzmir’e bağlayan transit yollarda yine bu ova üzerinden geçmektedir.

Bir
öncel çalışma niteliğinde olan bu çalışma da; Altıntaş ovasındaki tarım
topraklarının ağır metal kirliliğini değerlendirmek için farklı ürünlerin
yetiştiği tarım arazileri üzerinden 15 noktadan örnekleme (0-15 cm)
yapılmıştır. Toprak örneklerindeki ağır metal içerikleri ICP-MS ile analiz edilmiştir.
Çalışma alanından alınan toprak örneklerinin ağır metal içerikleri sırası ile

As
için 12.90-70.20 mg/kg; Cr için 29.30-137.70 mg/kg; Cu için 14.44-32.87 mg/kg;
Hg için 0.02-0.56 mg/kg; Ni için 70.10-254.20 mg/kg; Pb için 10.01-29.16 mg/kg;
Sb için 0.33-1.66 mg/kg ve Zn için 30.50-75.80 mg/kg arasında değişmektedir.
Ayrıca Zenginleşme Faktörü (EF), Jeobirikim İndeksi (Igeo), Kirlilik
Faktörü (CF) ve Kirlilik Yük İndeksi (PLI) topraklardaki ağır metal kirliliğini
değerlendirmek için hesaplanmıştır.
”Vi har redan tillräckligt med judar här”.Tonsättaren Hans Holewa och exilens dubbelhet
Authors: Rosengren Henrik
Published: July 2018

Tonsättaren, radiomedarbetaren och musikern Hans Holewa (1905–1991) anlände till Sverige 1937 som landsflyktig undan den tilltagande antisemitismen i Wien, drygt ett halvår innan Österrike annekterades av Nazityskland. Som invandrad radikal tonsättare med den så kallade tolvtonstekniken som utgångspunkt, med judiskt påbrå och med engagemang inom vänsterrörelsen kom Holewas svenska exiltillvaro utgöra ett spänningsfält med många dimensioner. Följande artikel tar utgångspunkt i två aspekter kopplade till Holewas exiltillvaro, dels Holewa som representant för en radikal musikestetik, dels hans relation till det judiska. Framställningen kretsar kring frågor om hur Holewa mottogs i det svenska musiklivet i relation till hans estetiska förhållningssätt och hur hans situation kan förstås med utgångspunkt i termen ”exilens dubbelhet”. En tredje frågeställning berör vilken betydelse den judiska kulturen hade för hans exiltillvaro och tonsättarskap. * * *‘We already have enough Jews here’: composer Hans Holewa and the doubleness of exile • The com­poser and musician Hans Holewa (1905–1991) arrived in Sweden in 1937 after fleeing from the Nazi-influenced Austria. The following article focus on two aspects linked to Holewas exile; Holewa as a representative of a radical musical aesthetics, and his relationship to his Jewish background. The article revolves around the question of how Holewa was received in the Swedish music life in relation to his aesthetic approach and how his situation in exile can be understood by reference to the term ‘exile duality’. A third issue concerns the significance of his Jewish loyalty during exile and in his composing. The article shows how the exile could serve both as an interruption, for example in relation to his Jewish loyalty and compositional technique, but also as an expression of continuity as he was a bearer of a modern aesthetic attitude which he formulated in Austria but which had higher relevance in his Swedish exile, however, not without some opposition from the Swedish music establishment. ""
Gestaltningen och etablering av Förintelseminnet i Sverige
Authors: Schult Tanja
Published: July 2018

Artikeln handlar om de monumenten över Förintelsens offer som restes i Sverige mellan 1949 och 1998 och kompletterar och till viss del korrigerar bilden av hur minnet av Förintelsen har vuxit fram i Sverige. Medan vissa menar att Förintelsen inte uppmärksammades alls i Sverige förrän på 1980-talet, visar artikeln att minnesmonument faktiskt restes både direkt efter kriget och under de följande decennierna. Om vi frigör oss från dagens förståelse av Förintelsen och den nu etablerade vokabulären kan vi ta till oss de tidiga verken och därmed få en mer nyanserad bild av hur minneskulturen har förändrats. Därmed kan vi också ge dem som drev monumentfrågan det erkännande som de inte tidigare fått men som de förtjänar. De tidiga monumenten är knappast kända för en bredare krets och syftet med artikeln är att göra fler uppmärksamma på deras existens. De tidiga verken ger framförallt uttryck för de överlevandens behov av att sörja sina anhöriga som blivit offer för nazisternas folkmord. Med tiden och med nya judiska invandrare och flyktingar från kontinenten växte nya behov fram som så småningom ledde till fler monument. Det blir tydligt hur minnena omförhandlas inom den judiska minoriteten som för övrigt inte var en homogen grupp. Parallellt med dessa omförhandlingar etablerades minnet av Förintelsen internationellt som en referenspunkt i historien. Tillsammans med de överlevandes och deras anhörigas engagemang blev Förintelsen en viktig referenspunkt både inom den judiska gruppen och så småningom även i det svenska majoritets­samhället (något som behandlas i del 2).
Swedish interventions in the tragedy of the Jews of Slovakia
Authors: Nestakova Denisa , Nižňanský Eduard
Published: July 2018

This article describes a largely unknown Swedish effort to intervene in deportations of Jews of Slovakia between 1942 and 1944. Swedish officials and religious leaders used their diplomatic correspondence with the Slovak government to extract some Jewish individuals and later on the whole Jewish community of Slovakia from deportations by their government and eventually by German officials. Despite the efforts of the Swedish Royal Consulate in Bratislava, the Swedish arch­bishop, Erling Eidem, and the Slovak consul, Bohumil Pissko, in Stockholm, and despite the acts taken by some Slovak ministries, the Slovak officials, including the president of the Slovak Republic, Jozef Tiso, revoked further negotiations in the autumn of 1944. However, the negotiations between Slovakia and Sweden created a scope for actions to protect some Jewish individuals which were doomed­ to failure because of the political situation. Nevertheless, this plan and the previous diplomatic interventions are significant for a description of the almost unknown Swedish and Slovak efforts to save the Jews of Slovakia. Repeated Swedish offers to take in Jewish individuals and later the whole community could well have prepared the way for larger rescues. These never occurred, given the Slovak interest in deporting their own Jewish citizens and later the German occupation of Slovakia.
Book reviews
Authors: Illman Karl-Johan , Rian Dagfinn , Rokem Freddie , Harviainen Tapani , Hansson Svante
Published: July 2018

Jødene og jødedommen (eds. Egil A. Wyller & Terje Gudbrandson, 1977) is reviewed by Karl-Johan Illman.Retten til å overleve (eds. Hallvard Rieber-Mohn & Leio Eitinger, 1976) is reviewed by Dagfinn Rian.Theater als Widerstand (Willmar Sauter, 1979) is reviewed by Freddie Rokem.Kuolemanlaiva S/S Hohenhörn (Elina Suominen, 1979) is reviewed by Tapani Harviainen.Mediation & assassination (Sune O. Persson, 1979) is reviewed by Svante Hansson.
Book reviews
Authors: Sundback Susan , Illman Karl-Johan
Published: July 2018

Den föränderliga identiteten: om identitetsförändringar hos den yngre generationen polska judar som invandrade till Sverige under åren 1968–1972 (Julian Ilicki, 1988) is reviewed by Susan Sundback.Yehezkel Kaufmann: ein Lebens-und Erkenntnisweg zur Theologie der hebräischen Bibel (Thomas Krapf, 1990) is reviewed by Karl-Johan Illman.Helvetesporten (Anja Lundholm, 1989) is reviewed by Karl-Johan Illman.Zionism in Sweden: its beginning until the end of World War I (Morton H. Narrowe, 1990) is reviewed by Karl-Johan Illman.
Bernard Malamud's fiction and the rise of ethnic literary studies
Authors: Ahokas Pirjo
Published: July 2018

The increasing visibility of a number of previously marginalized literary cultures is one of the most challenging developments in post-war American fiction. My dissertation deals with the novels of Bernard Malamud (1914–1986), a contemporary Jewish-American author, whose work is linked with this phenomenon as well as other significant trends in the recent literature of the United States. It is customary to think that ethnic authors write within the older realist or naturalist traditions. The new scholarship, however, claims that literary forms are not organically connected with ethnic groups. Jewish-American fiction offers much evidence that ethnicity and modernism form a false set of opposites.
B'nai B'rith in Scandinavia
Authors: Levy Hans
Published: July 2018

In 1912, B’nai B’rith expanded to the North of Europe. At that time, B’nai B’rith was an order for Jewish men, organized in local lodges. In a more informal way, women often participated in the work of the European B’nai B’rith lodges, and in the neighbouring District 8 Germany they were organized in sister circles. The lodges followed strict ceremonials. Much of their image reflected the social life of the bourgeoisie of those days, cultivating, within firm rules of conduct, cultural refinement in letters, music and arts. Charity – the lodges called it benevolence remembering the Jewish commandment of zedaka – was the face of the lodges towards the outside world.
The Jews in the diaspora of the Roman empire
Authors: Bilde Per
Published: July 2018

There is little literary evidence and archaeological sources pointing to a high degree of contact partly in the sense of Hellenization of Judaism and partly in the sense of Jewish apologetics and Jewish influence on the non-Jewish world. But there is also evidence – the Jewish struggles and revolts and the Rabbinic literature – pointing in the opposite direction of conflict and isolation. In both the diaspora and in Palestine the Jews were involved in a tense and strained dialectic relationship with their non-Jewish fellow-citizens, and in both cases did this relationship produce significant events and important literature. As in other periods, the Jews in the Roman period formulated their beliefs and ideas, and reached their social positions by the way of various forms for dialectic interaction and communication with the non-Jewish world. They shaped their social, political, ethnic, religious and cultural identity in the process of exchange with the non-Jewish.  Accordingly, in their relations with the non-Jewish world the Jews and Judaism were important parts of the on-going acculturation process in Hellenistic and Roman times.
Book reviews
Authors: Illman Karl-Johan , Otzen Benedikt , Steensgaard Paludan Peter , Jørgensen Øyvind , Kleinert Manfred
Published: July 2018

Review article Philippsons im Konzentrationslager Theresienstadt geschriebene Autobiographie ist in Bonn veröffentlicht worden by Manfred Kleinert.Distans och relation. Bidrag till en filosofisk antropologi (Martin Buber, 1997) is reviewed by Karl-Johan Illman.Judaism in late Antiquity. Part I & II (ed. Jacob Neusner, 1995) is reviewed by Benedikt Otzen.Messianism, Zionism and Jewish religious radicalism (Aviezer Ravitsky, 1996) is reviewed by Peter Steensgaard Paludan.Jødedommen og islam (Dagfinn Rian & Levi Geir Eidhamar, 1995) is reviewed by Peter Steensgaard Paludan.Jødens ukristelige image. En studie i katolsk billedmageri (Judith Vogt, 1996) is reviewed by Øyvind Jørgensen.
Jews of the land of Kedar
Authors: Vikhnovich Vsevolod
Published: July 2018

At present, it is safe to say that alongside the Slavic, Finnish, Scandinavian, Turkic, Baltic, Iranian, Caucasian elements the Jewish element has also played its role in the early period of the ethnocultural history of the vast region to the north of the Black and the Caspian seas. According to the medieval Jewish sources, the members of Judaic communities belonged to various social and even racial groups. This fact sheds light on the Jews whom the Jewish traveler Petahyah of Regensburg met in the Land of Kedar in the 12th century. Petahyah traveled from Regensburg to the Middle East via Prague, Kiev, Crimea and Caucasus. What were the origins of these Jews?
Representing the unrepresentable: Victor Klemperer's Holocaust diaries
Authors: Schuchalter Jerry
Published: July 2018

The purpose of this article is to explore how memory is constructed in Victor Klemperer’s diaries. In the diaries, Klemperer describes his fate as well as the fate of other Jews who did not emigrate during the years 1933–1945. The concrete details of everyday life in the Third Reich only serve to highlight the plight of the besieged poet writing at the end of the days, not knowing whether he will complete his masterpiece or whether he will be executed beforehand. In Klemperer’s diaries normality and horror are continually juxtaposed with one another. The holocaust is thus transformed from a small repertoire of horrifying narratives to a seemingly countless number of actions and movements, some conforming to the principal narratives and others, curiously enough, defying the well known narratives of Auschwitz and extermination. These narratives constitute important source material describing the mentality of the Jewish identity in Germany.
Congratulations
Authors: Levy Hans
Published: July 2018

A congratulation to Nordisk Judaistik/Scandinavian Jewish Studies on the occasion of its 25 years jubilee.
King David of the sages
Authors: Shinan Avigdor
Published: July 2018

The article opens by discussing the different ways in which the ancient rabbis (in the Talmudic literature) described King David. It seems that they preferred to follow the image of David which emerges from the books of Psalms and Chronicles rather than his description in the books of Samuel. Various verses from Psalms served the rabbis for completing David’s biography (seeing this book as his own autobiography), describing him as godfearing, a very kind person, humble and pious, a prophet, a scholar of Torah, a philosopher and a poet. Even his greatest sin – regarding Bathsheba and Uriah the Hettite – was described in such a way that it justifies the famous statement: “Whoever says that David sinned is merely erring” (BT Shabbat 56a). Some sources, on the other hand, admitted his sin but attached to it a long period of suffering and repentance, diminishing by that its impact. This part of the article ends with a discussion of the main motives for this rabbinic treatment of David: their general tendency to purge the biblical protagonists of sin&&David’s role as the founder of the Israeli kingship and various messianic hopes connected to his descendants.  The possibility that “David” served sometimes as a code for the Patriarch in the Land of Israel (or, in Babylonia, the Exilarch) is also discussed as another explanation of David’s descriptions in rabbinic literature.
From misprision to travesty. Harold Bloom's use of rabbinic sources
Authors: Siegumfeldt Inge
Published: July 2018

Jewish thought is assigned a privileged place in Harold Bloom’s agonistic theory of literary production and allegedly provides a model for the concepts for which he is best known: the anxiety of influence and creative misprision. Nevertheless, Bloom’s view of rabbinic exegesis as ‘rebellious’ and ‘heretical’ emerges as a travesty. His attempt to ascribe a radical, competitive individualism to what is essentially a body of collective authorship reflects a serious misconception of the nature of rabbinic thought and a scant, ill-informed reading of the sources. What I propose to do here is both descriptive and evaluative: to examine and characterize the ways in which Bloom handles rabbinic sources, and then to step outside the Bloomian circle in order to put his (mis)readings to the tests of standard scholarly inquiry. As we shall see, again and again, the test is failed. It may be that one reason for this is technical, that is, Bloom’s lack of the requisite linguistic and historical knowledge. But beyond the detailed catalogue of elementary scholarly error – a substantial affair, as we shall see – there is another story to be told. It is a story of appropriation and distortion motivated by the impact of one theory (Bloom’s) on another (the rabbinic) with which in reality it has very little in common.
Does Attendance in Private Schools Predict Student Outcomes at Age 15? Evidence From a Longitudinal Study
Authors: Pianta Robert C. , Ansari Arya
Published: July 2018

By tracking longitudinally a sample of American children ( n = 1,097), this study examined the extent to which enrollment in private schools between kindergarten and ninth grade was related to students’ academic, social, psychological, and attainment outcomes at age 15. Results from this investigation revealed that in unadjusted models, children with a history of enrollment in private schools performed better on nearly all outcomes assessed in adolescence. However, by simply controlling for the sociodemographic characteristics that selected children and families into these schools, all of the advantages of private school education were eliminated. There was also no evidence to suggest that low-income children or children enrolled in urban schools benefited more from private school enrollment.
Diagnóstico de requerimiento de fósforo para alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) en argiudoles
Authors: Marino M. A. , Echeverría H. E.
Published: July 2018

Se planteó determinar el nivel crítico (NC) de P Bray en suelo y confeccionar guías de fertilización fosfatada para alfalfa en suelos Argiudoles. Se reanalizaron resultados de producción de materia seca (MS) y respuesta a P de cuatro años. Se evaluó la relación entre el rendimiento relativo (RR) de MS y P Bray con modelos logarítmico, cuadrático, lineal-plateau, cuadrático-plateau y arcoseno-logaritmo (ALCC modificado). El ALCC modificado cumplió el supuesto de homogeneidad de varianza y explicó el mayor porcentaje de variación entre el RR y el P Bray (R2= 0,87). La estimación del NC (18,1 mg kg-1, intervalo de confianza 15,8 y 20,1 mg kg-1) coincide con el determinado en otros ambientes. Se calibraron siete categorías de P Bray y se confeccionaron guías para la fertilización y refertilización según el criterio de suficiencia, y de reconstrucción y mantenimiento. Para 5 mg kg-1 de P Bray la dosis de superfosfato según el criterio de suficiencia fue de 118 kg ha-1, para el criterio de reconstrucción y mantenimiento las dosis variaron de 160 a 248 kg ha-1 con producciones objetivo de 8 a 15 Mg MS ha-1, respectivamente. Esta información permitirá un uso más racional de los fertilizantes en pasturas de alfalfa.
Effect of potassium and calcium upon the yield and fruit quality of Cucumis melo
Authors: Bouzo C. A. , Céccoli G. , Muñoz F.
Published: July 2018

The aim of this work was to study the effect of potassium and calcium in combination with nitrogen upon the yield and fruit quality of outdoor-grown melon (Cucumis melo L.). Two experiments were simultaneously performed through the use of two cultivars: ‘Honey Dew Green Flesh’ (Inodorus group) and ‘Sivan’ (Charentais group). A completely randomized experimental design was used with nine treatments resulting in a factorial arrangement of 3 x 3 due to the use of three doses of K and three doses of Ca. Doses were administered through fertigation with the injection of the fertilizers into a drip irrigation system, expressed as follows in relation to N: N:K (1.8:1.0 – 1.0:1.0 – 0.0:1.0) and Ca:N (2.0:1.0 – 1.0:1.0 – 0.0:1.0). Fertilization with nitrogen and phosphorus was the same in all treatments, through the application of an equivalent of 160 kg ha-1of N and 45 kg ha-1 of P. Yield (Mg ha-1) was measured as well as fruit quality attributes: firmness (kg); pulp or mesocarp thickness (mm) and rind thickness (mm); and total soluble solids (%). Differences were observed between the two varieties. The application of K showed the greatest effect on the quality and yield of the harvested fruit. However, this effect was not observed with Ca.
Evaluación de biomarcadores de estrés oxidativo en diferentes poblaciones de adultos de Cydia pomonella de la Patagonia argentina
Authors: Maero E. , Anguiano O. L.
Published: July 2018

En el ambiente natural, los organismos están expuestos a factores ambientales prooxidantes. En este trabajo se evaluaron biomarcadores antioxidantes en insectos adultos de Cydia pomonella de diferentes poblaciones de campo y de una cepa de laboratorio. Las poblaciones de campo provinieron de las provincias de Neuquén (Centenario), Río Negro (Allen, General Roca 1, General Roca 2, General Roca 3 y General Godoy) y Chubut (Sarmiento 1 y Sarmiento 2). Se determinaron antioxidantes enzimáticos –como catalasa (CAT), superóxido dismutasa (SOD) y glutatión S-transferasa (GST)– y no enzimáticos, nivel de glutatión (GSH) endógeno. Las actividades GST determinadas en las polillas provenientes de las poblaciones de campo resultaron significativamente menores a las medidas en la cepa de laboratorio. La actividad CAT detectada en los individuos provenientes de General Roca 1 resultó 2,13 veces menor a la de las polillas de laboratorio. No se observaron diferencias significativas entre poblaciones en los valores determinados de actividad SOD. El nivel de GSH determinado en las polillas de Sarmiento 2 resultó significativamente diferente y fue 1,57 veces mayor al de los individuos de laboratorio. Con excepción de las polillas provenientes de General Godoy, el resto de las poblaciones decampo presentó niveles significativamente menores comparados con el de la cepa de laboratorio. Las alteraciones observadas en los biomarcadores GST y GSH reflejarían indirectamente la presencia de estrés oxidativo.
Incidencia de los cebos a base de metaldehído y carbaril en la supervivencia y la reproducción de Folsomia candida
Authors: Salvio C. , Manetti P. L. , Clemente N. L. , A. N. López
Published: July 2018

El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar los efectos letales y subletales de metaldehído y/o carbaril sobre Folsomia candida. Se realizaron tres bioensayos bajo un diseño completamente aleatorizado con cuatro repeticiones y en condiciones controladas (20 ± 2 ºC y 14L:10O). La unidad experimental fue un recipiente (9,3 cm de diámetro y 6,4 cm de altura) donde se colocaron 60 g de suelo mezclado con las dosis del cebo y 10 individuos adultos (2 a 3 mm de longitud). Los tratamientos fueron: 0, 40, 80, 120, 160 y 200 g de ingrediente activo (IA) ha-1 de metaldehído; 0, 80, 160, 240, 320 y 400 g IA ha-1 de carbaril; y 0, 40+80, 80+160, 120+240, 160+320 y 200+400 g IA ha-1 de metaldehído+carbaril. Con metaldehído tanto la proporción de individuos vivos como el número de crías no difirieron entre los tratamientos a los 7, 14, 21 y 28 días después de la aplicación (DDA) (p> 0,05). Las dosis mayores de carbaril y metaldehído+carbaril ocasionaron disminuciones en la proporción de individuos vivos y en el número de crías a los 28 DDA (p< 0,05). Los cebos que contienen carbaril causaron mortalidad y disminución en el número de crías de F. candida.
Assessment of natural vegetal extracts in the inhibition of Leuconostoc mesenteroides MS1
Authors: Serra M. A. , Garnero J. A. , Nicolau V. V. , Andreatta A. E.
Published: July 2018

The present study focuses on the assessment of natural vegetal extracts in the inhibition of bacteria altering Vienna sausages whose growth becomes evident in the vacuum packed product after two to three weeks of refrigerated storage causing packages to swell. The different natural extracts were obtained by means of steam stripping, microwave assisted extraction and ultrasound assisted extraction. Apart from these extracts, commercial essential oils, pure compounds present in the vegetal kingdom and solutions were also evaluated. For each of the extracts, microbial sensitivity tests were carried out in order to assess the inhibitory/bactericidal effect against Leuconostoc mesenteroides MS1. It has been found that the essential oils obtained from Citrus lemon peels and Aloysia polystachya, Eucalyptus cinerea and Laurus nobilis leaves can be used as bactericides against the growth of Leuconostoc mesenteroides MS1. In addition, it has been found that eugenol/sunflower oil concentrations greater than 18.5% w/w, 0.75% w/w salicylic acid, 0.75% w/w hydroquinone; and Just commercial essential oils of lavender, peppermint and geranium also presented a bactericidal effect against it. These natural extracts used as natural antimicrobials represent an alternative to common chemical food preservatives against the Leuconostoc mesenteroides MS1 strain.
Toplumsal ve Siyasal Bir Proje: Ansiklopedi ve Ansiklopedizm
Authors: AVŞAR Zakir , KAYA Elif Emre , OMUR Songül
Published: July 2018

Tarihsel oluşumu ve gelişimi açısından çok eski dönemlere uzanan ansiklopediyi yalnızca bütünbilgileri sistematik bir biçimde biraraya getiren bir başvuru kaynağı olarak değerlendirmek mümkündeğildir. Özellikle 20. yüzyılın ortalarına doğru her ülkenin kendi ansiklopedisini oluşturmayabaşlamasıyla birlikte diğer bilgi kaynakları gibi ansiklopediler de içinden çıktıkları toplumlarıngerek siyasi, ekonomik ve sosyal koşullarından etkilenmiş gerekse de siyasi, ekonomik vesosyal oluşumlarını yansıtmaya başlamıştır. Bu anlamda bu çalışma, ansiklopedi kavramı veansiklopedinin ortaya çıkışını ve gelişimini ortaya koymaya çalışmakla birlikte ansiklopedinintoplumsal ve siyasal bir projeye dönüştürülerek, belirli bir döneme damgasını vuran ve diğertoplumları da etkileyen “ansiklopedizm”i incelemeyi konu edinmektedir. Betimleyici bir çalışmaolan bu makalede mevcut literatür taranmış ve elde edilen veriler kronolojik bir sıralamayakonularak bir sonuca ulaşılmaya çalışılmıştır.
Попередники та строки сівби пшениці твердої озимої
Authors: Ярчук І. І. , Мельник Т. В.
Published: July 2018

Наведено результати трьохрічних польових досліджень з дослідження впливу попередників та строків сівби на формування продуктивності пшеницею твердою озимою сорту Континент в умовах північного Степу України. Описано вплив строку сівби та попередника на ріст і розвиток рослин, їх перезимівлю та врожайність пшениці твердої озимої. Наведено рекомендації щодо підвищення якості перезимівлі пшениці твердої озимої. За чотирирічними даними зроблено висновки щодо врожайності пшениці твердої озимої залежно від попередника, рівня мінерального живлення та строку сівби.

Ukraine has all weather conditions for producing high quality grain of flint winter wheat, but there still insufficiently clear recommendations on the technology of growing flint winter wheat in the conditions of the Northern Steppe of Ukraine. Therefore, it is necessary to study the influence of the main elements of cultivation technology to provide high-quality grain of the food industry.

The results of the study of influence of the seeding rate on the crop capacity of flint winter wheat after three years of testing are presented. We described the most effective measures of a flint winter wheat seeding of sort Continent in a Northern Steppe. During the three years of research, optimum seeding time have been determined for various precursors depending on the mineral nutrition level.

The largest development during the termination of autumn vegetation is acquired plants that grow after the vapor precursor at the first seeding time when using high doses of mineral fertilizers, however, such crops are characterized by a worse overwintering.

The largest number of plants survived after overwintering is observed after the stern precursor and latest seeding time with increased level of mineral nutrition. After vapor precursor the highest level of surviving was detected on the plots with the latest seeding time.

According to the stern precursor, the maximum crop capacity of flint winter wheat is formed while seeding September 10 with high level of mineral nutrition, and after the vapor precursor the largest crop capacity is given by plants that was sown September 17 with a high level of mineral nutrition. The highest yield was formed after the vapor precursor at a high level of mineral nutrition at the sowing on September 17 and amounted to 3.68 t/ha.
Стан та перспективи органічного сільського господарства у регіонах України
Authors: Ткаченко А. С.
Published: July 2018

У статті наведено дані щодо стану органічного виробництва в областях України. Проаналізовано кількість операторів органічного ринку, загальні площі земель, що мають статус органічних, та земель, що знаходяться у перехідному періоді. Визначено області з найкращими тенденціями розвитку органічного землеробства, а також проаналізовано взаємозалежність між станом органічного землеробства та кількістю органічних операторів. Надано рекомендації щодо покращання ситуації у галузі органічного землеробства та окреслені перспективи подальших досліджень.

The article presents data on the state of organic production in the regions of Ukraine. The theoretical aspects of organic production, organic movement and ecological consumption in Ukraine and Europe are researched.  The analysis of the number of organic market operators, the total area of land with organic status and land in transition is conducted. Areas with the best trends in organic farming development are identified, as well as the interdependence between the conditions of organic farming and the number of organic operators.  For the study data all regions of Ukraine were collected, except for the territory of ATO (Luhansk and Donetsk region) and the temporarily occupied territory of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea.The largest number of operators in the organic market is located in Kyiv, Odessa, Kherson, Zhytomyr and Lviv regions. The leaders in areas of organic agricultural land and land of transitional period are Odessa, Kherson, Dnipropetrovsk, Zhytomyr and Poltava regions. The largest amount of organic land is located in Odessa, Kherson, Dnipropetrovsk, Zhytomyr and Kirovograd regions. The smallest number of organic lands is differed in Chernivtsi, Sumy, Ivano-Frankivsk, Vinnytsia and Zaporizhzhia regions. The number of organic farmers in the region does not affect the number of organic market operators.  Areas were identified  where organic farming are absent at all – such as Chernivtsi and Sumy. It is established which factors may have an impact on the development of organic production.  It is determined that education and popularization of healthy and ecologically clean food is important, as well as assistance in search of the market for organic products. The recommendations for improving the situation in the field of organic farming are presented and prospects for further research are outlined.
EVALUASI IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PERUBAHAN UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA MENJADI BADAN HUKUM MILIK NEGARA
Authors: Yulianto
Published: July 2018

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the implementation of the policy, changing the University of Indonesia becomes state-owned Legal Entity (BHMN). From the view of organization aspects, financing aspects, human resources aspects and academic aspects.The methodology research used is policy research done with descriptive analysis and explanation. It is not focused on the policymaking process but on the evaluation of the implementation of the policy. The secondary and primary data are used as a resource.The conclusion is the evaluation of the implementation of the policy, changing the University of Indonesia becomes States-Owned Legal Entity (BHMN). The organization aspects and academic aspects have been carried out effectively and efficiently, while financing aspects and human resources have not been done effectively and efficiently.
اللاشعور
Authors: Rudwan Samer Jamil
Published: July 2018

هل شعرت مرة أنك تكره شخصاً ما تراه لأول مرة دون أن تدري السبب؟ هل أصبت يوماً بتأنيب الضمير لأنك مررت من أمام متسول ولم تعطه النقود لقناعتك بأنه غير محتاج؟ وهل أنت ممن لا يستطيعون إلا وأن يعطوا المتسولين شيئاً على الرغم من القناعة بأنهم قد يكونون غير محتاجين؟ وهل ضايقتك أحلامك واحترت في تفسيرها؟ وهل أنت ممن لا يدرون أسباب كثير من تصرفاتهم؟ إذا كنت كذلك ومن المؤكد أننا جميعاً نمر بمثل هذه المواقف، فقد آن الأوان لئن تعرف المحرك وراء ذلك، والذي نطلق عليه تسمية اللاشعور. فما هو اللاشعور؟
From measuring outcomes to providing inputs: Governance, management, and local development for more effective marine protected areas
Authors: Bennett Nathan , Dearden Philip
Published: July 2018

Marine protected areas (MPAs) have the potential to conserve marine resources as well as provide social and economic benefits to local communities. Yet the percentage of MPAs that might be considered “successful” or effective on ecological and/or socio-economic accounts is debatable. Measurement of biophysical and socio-economic outcome indicators has become de rigeur for examining MPA management effectiveness so that adaptive feedback loops can stimulate new management actions. Scholars and practitioners alike have suggested that more attention should be given to the inputs that are likely to lead to successful MPA outcomes. This paper briefly discusses the potential ecological and socio-economic outcomes of MPAs then reviews the literature on three categories of inputs – governance, management, and local development – that lead to effective MPAs. In conclusion, the paper presents a novel inputs framework that incorporates indicators for governance, management and development to be used in the design and analysis of MPAs.
An appeal for a code of conduct for marine conservation
Authors: Bennett Nathan , Teh Lydia , Ota Yoshitaka , Christie Patrick , Ayers Adam , Day Jon C. , Gill David , Gruby Rebecca L. , Kittinger John N. , Koehn J. Zachary , Lewis Nai‘a. , Parks John , Vierros Marjo , Whitty Tara S. , Wilhelm Aulani , Wright Kim , Aburto Jaime A. , Finkbeiner Elena M. , Gaymer Carlos F. , Govan Hugh , Gray Noella , Jarvis Rebecca M. , Kaplan-Hallam Maery , Satterfield Terre
Published: July 2018

Marine conservation actions are promoted to conserve natural values and support human wellbeing. Yet the quality of governance processes and the social consequences of some marine conservation initiatives have been the subject of critique and even human rights complaints. These types of governance and social issues may jeopardize the legitimacy of, support for and long-term effectiveness of marine conservation. Thus, we argue that a clearly articulated and comprehensive set of social standards - a code of conduct - is needed to guide marine conservation. In this paper, we draw on the results of an expert meeting and scoping review to present key principles that might be taken into account in a code of conduct, to propose a draft set of foundational elements for inclusion in a code of conduct, to discuss the benefits and challenges of such a document, and to propose next steps to develop and facilitate the uptake of a broadly applicable code of conduct within the marine conservation community. The objectives of developing such a code of conduct are to promote fair conservation governance and decision-making, socially just conservation actions and outcomes, and accountable conservation practitioners and organizations. The uptake and implementation of a code of conduct would enable marine conservation to be both socially acceptable and ecologically effective, thereby contributing to a truly sustainable ocean.
Situational Perception and Affect: Barking up the wrong tree?
Authors: Horstmann Kai Tobias , Ziegler Matthias
Published: July 2018

The current study was conducted to raise awareness to the possibility that perceptions of situations and in situ affective states might be highly correlated. To investigate this potential overlap, two recent taxonomies of situational perception, the Situational Eight DIAMONDS and the Situation 5, were assessed in a sample of n = 157 along with a measure of positive and negative affect. Participants provided accounts and ratings for all constructs for three self-selected situations. Overall, 383 situations could be analyzed using multiple regression while considering the nested data structure. Both the DIAMONDS and the Situation 5 scores showed considerable overlap with positive and negative affect scores. The study further advances the growing nomological net of situational perception dimensions and other constructs. Limitations such as the selective-reporting-bias and implications for future situation research are discussed.
Pathways to housing tax reform
Authors: eccleston richard , Verdouw Julia , Flanagan Kathleen , Warren Neil , Duncan Alan , Ong Rachel , Whelan Stephen , Atalay Kadir
Published: July 2018

This research is the final report of the AHURI Inquiry into ‘Pathways to Housing Tax Reform in Australia’. It features real-world modelling and implementation time frames to steer tax settings that progress the efficiency, equity and sustainability of housing tax policy, and also presents meaningful long-term political pathways to achieve these outcomes.
Attachment Styles and Parasocial Relationships: A Collectivist Society Perspective
Authors: Mitchell Charles , Dakhli Mourad , Dinkha Juliet
Published: July 2018

In this study we investigate parasocial relationships in media; more specifically we explore why audience members fashion attachments with television personalities. The study aligns with previous research in the area by Cole and Leets (1999) that looked at attachments formed with media figures and the correlation to level of attachments in real-life relationships. In their study, Cole and Leets (1999) used a three-dimensional attachment scale that included anxious-ambivalent, avoidant, and secure, and found those with higher insecurity or unstable real-life relationships have stronger parasocial relationships. We surveyed university age respondents and we used the same scales as Cole and Leets (1999) to examine whether in Kuwait, where dating violates social norms and looser bonds are found outside of the home, that stronger parasocial relationships with media personalities will be found because of the need to fulfill relationship needs outside of family. Our hypotheses in this chapter is that higher levels of anxious-ambivalents and avoidants both will be found due to the strict collectivist nature of the society forcing many to compensate for lack of real world relationships by forming mediated bonds. Moreover, we posited and discovered that that these two groups also showed the highest levels of parasocial relationships in our sample.