bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Universal gravitational-wave signatures from heavy new physics in the electroweak sector
Authors: Eichhorn Astrid , Lumma Johannes , M. Pawlowski Jan , Reichert Manuel , Yamada Masatoshi
Published: May 2021

We calculate the gravitational-wave spectra produced by the electroweak phase transition with TeV-scale Beyond-Standard-Model physics in the early universe. Our study captures the effect of quantum and thermal fluctuations within a non-perturbative framework. We discover a universal relation between the mean bubble separation and the strength parameter of the phase transition, which holds for a wide range of new-physics contributions.

The ramifications of this result are three-fold: first, they constrain the gravitational-wave spectra resulting from heavy (TeV-scale) new physics. Second, they contribute to distinguishing heavy from light new physics directly from the gravitational-wave signature. Third, they suggest that a concerted effort of gravitational-wave observations together with collider experiments could be required to distinguish between different models of heavy new physics.
Low-redshift Type Ia Supernova from the LSQ/LCO Collaboration
Authors: Baltay C. , Grossman L. , Howard R. , Rabinowitz D. , Arcavi I. , Barbour N. , Burke J. , Contreras C. , Dilday B. , Graham M. , Hiramatsu D. , Hossenzadeh G. , Howell D. A. , McCully C. , McKinnon R. , Ment K. , Montesi R. , Pellegrino C. , Valenti S.
Published: May 2021

This paper is the data release of a new sample of 140 type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) from the LaSilla-QUEST/Las Cumbres Observatory (LCO) collaboration. The discovery of the supernovae came from the LaSilla-QUEST variability survey, the ASASSN survey, as well as smaller low redshift supernova surveys. All of the supernovae in this sample were spectroscopically identified as SNe Ia using spectra from the PESSTO survey using the 3.5 m NTT telescope at LaSilla and spectra from the LCO 2 m Faulkes telescopes. The light-curves were obtained from a rapid cadence photometric follow up of the supernovae with the 9 LCO 1 m telescopes located at various observatories around the globe. Reference images of the host galaxies were taken approximately a year after the supernova have faded to allow precise galaxy background subtraction from the supernova magnitudes. The supernovae in this sample were discovered over a seven year period from 2012 October to 2019 June, and the last galaxy reference images were taken before 2020 June.
A Morphological Classification Model to Identify Unresolved PanSTARRS1 Sources. II. Update to the PS1 Point Source Catalog
Authors: Miller A. A. , Hall X. J.
Published: May 2021

We present an update to the PanSTARRS-1 Point Source Catalog (PS1 PSC), which provides morphological classifications of PS1 sources. The original PS1 PSC adopted stringent detection criteria that excluded hundreds of millions of PS1 sources from the PSC. Here, we adapt the supervised machine learning methods used to create the PS1 PSC and apply them to different photometric measurements that are more widely available, allowing us to add ∼144 million new classifications while expanding the the total number of sources in PS1 PSC by ∼10%. We find that the new methodology, which utilizes PS1 forced photometry, performs ∼6%–8% worse than the original method. This slight degradation in performance is offset by the overall increase in the size of the catalog. The PS1 PSC is used by time-domain surveys to filter transient alert streams by removing candidates coincident with point sources that are likely to be Galactic in origin. The addition of ∼144 million new classifications to the PS1 PSC will improve the efficiency with which transients are discovered.
CSS J213934.3-050020: A New Double-mode High-amplitude δ Scuti-type Pulsating Star
Authors: Shi Xiang-dong , Qian Sheng-bang , Li Lin-jia , Zhao Er-gang
Published: May 2021

CSS J213934.3-050020 (hereafter J213934) was originally found as an EW-type eclipsing binary star with a period of 0.225456 days by Catalina Real-time Transient Survey. With the stellar atmospheric parameters from the LAMOST, it is found that the temperature is much higher than those of normal EW-type binaries and does not follow the period–temperature relation of EW-type eclipsing binary stars. To study the physical properties of the variable star, new B and V light curves were obtained by using the 70 cm telescope at the Lijiang station of Yunnan Observatories. It is detected that this variable star is a high-amplitude δ Scuti-type pulsating star rather than an EW-type eclipsing binary. On the

log
g
–
T

diagram, J213934 lies inside the classical Cepheid instability strip where most δ Scuti stars are located. The results of pulsating frequency analysis show the fundamental frequency f
0 = 6.8195 day−1, the first overtone f
1 = 8.8709 day−1 and 4 harmonics or linear combinations. The mass of J213934 is estimated as

1.83

−
0.21

+
0.27

M

⊙

. The period is revised as 0.11272960 days by using 16 new determined times of light maximum. Meanwhile, it is discovered that its O − C curve shows an upward parabolic variation and a sinusoidal variation. The upward parabolic variation may be a part of a cyclic change or a long-time pulsation period increase caused by its evolution. The sinusoidal variation may be caused by the light-travel-time effect via the presence of a companion star.
Brain-wide functional diffuse optical tomography of resting state networks
Authors: Khan Ali F , Zhang Fan , Yuan Han , Ding Lei
Published: May 2021

Objective. Diffuse optical tomography (DOT) has the potential in reconstructing resting state networks (RSNs) in human brains with high spatio-temporal resolutions and multiple contrasts. While several RSNs have been reported and successfully reconstructed using DOT, its full potential in recovering a collective set of distributed brain-wide networks with the number of RSNs close to those reported using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has not been demonstrated. Approach. The present study developed a novel brain-wide DOT (BW-DOT) framework that integrates a cap-based whole-head optode placement system with multiple computational approaches, i.e. finite-element modeling, inverse source reconstruction, data-driven pattern recognition, and statistical correlation tomography, to reconstruct RSNs in dual contrasts of oxygenated (HbO) and deoxygenated hemoglobins (HbR). Main results. Our results from the proposed framework revealed a comprehensive set of RSNs and their subnetworks, which collectively cover almost the entire neocortical surface of the human brain, both at the group level and individual participants. The spatial patterns of these DOT RSNs suggest statistically significant similarities to fMRI RSN templates. Our results also reported the networks involving the medial prefrontal cortex and precuneus that had been missed in previous DOT studies. Furthermore, RSNs obtained from HbO and HbR suggest similarity in terms of both the number of RSN types reconstructed and their corresponding spatial patterns, while HbR RSNs show statistically more similarity to fMRI RSN templates and HbO RSNs indicate more bilateral patterns over two hemispheres. In addition, the BW-DOT framework allowed consistent reconstructions of RSNs across individuals and across recording sessions, indicating its high robustness and reproducibility, respectively. Significance. Our present results suggest the feasibility of using the BW-DOT, as a neuroimaging tool, in simultaneously mapping multiple RSNs and its potential values in studying RSNs, particularly in patient populations under diverse conditions and needs, due to its advantages in accessibility over fMRI.
Design of Automatic Rain Gauge Prototype (ARG) As An Early Warning Indicator for Cold Lava Flood Based on The Internet of Things (IoT)
Authors: Abimanyu  , Katriani L , Darmawan D
Published: May 2021

This study aims to design a prototype of automatic rain gauge, characterize the automatic rain gauge, rainfall classification as an indicator of cold lava flood, tested the automatic rain gauge prototype. The design of this tool includes three parts, the first is the reed switch block design. Second, designing an automatic rain gauge block by designing a tipping bucket. The third is designing IoT block and Android applications. The automatic rain gauge prototype was successfully designed with a 0.8 cm reed switch and a tipping bucket with a funnel area of 380 cm2 with a resolution of 0.1 mm and a maximum capacity of 9.4 mm/minute. The classification of rainfall as an indicator of cold lava flood is normal 0-15 mm, advisory 16-20 mm, watch 21-48 mm and warning > 48 mm, so that the early warning system prototype can display rainfall charts and warning alarms on the android application.
Conflict management and housewife community empowerment programs: Group dynamics process in empowerment programme
Authors: Daryanti Sri , Mayang Fenny Z , Radhiyya Fadhlillah Z , Annisah  , Rahmadhanie Syahputrie , Machdum Sari V
Published: May 2021

This research aims to explore and identify group dynamics and the potential product market insights for the economic empowerment program from this housewife community in Sawangan Baru, Depok, Indonesia. The housewife community calls itself “Ibu Hebat” who lives in Sawangan Baru, Depok, Indonesia. One dimension of group dynamics that must be considered and given the most significant attention is the conflict that occurs within the community. Conflict becomes a vital matter, and it should be viewed and managed well. This study showed that conflict in group dynamics could overcome difficulties and have more positive impacts on community empowerment. We used qualitative and quantitative methods. In Qualitative research, the author used observation and focus group discussion of ten participants of “Ibu Hebat” to assess the potential team conflict and their conflict-handling intention. From the team observation and focus group discussion of ten participants, the author found that the most significant conflict was process conflict. The preference for their conflict-handling intention is compromising, accommodating, and collaborating. We also used structured surveys to identify the potential product as part of the market research. The survey of fifty-one respondents indicated major consumer’s preference products are in healthy snacks at affordable prices.
The green open space functions as a water catchment area and a source of thermal comfort
Authors: Mbarep Daniel P P , Hasibuan Hayati S , Moersidik Setyo S
Published: May 2021

The Kalijodo green open space has an area with a 48 % vegetation area. The ideal green open space has a vegetated area of 80 to 90%. This can affect its function as a water catchment area and a source of thermal comfort. This research examines the water absorption capability and the value of the thermal humidity index in the Kalijodo green open space. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis. Based on the research results, the water absorption capability that is owned is 54,56 %. The optimum value of water absorption capability is about 75 to 95 %. The value of the thermal humidity index obtained was 30,75, and it was in a very uncomfortable category. The comfortable category of thermal humidity index is less than 29. The Kalijodo green open space does not properly function as a water catchment area and thermal comfort source. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the Kalijodo green open space condition, especially in terms of vegetation conditions.
Effect of carbonisation temperature and activating agents on the characteristics of activated carbon produced from oil palm empty fruit bunch
Authors: Hendrawan Y , Nurseta D Y , Utami R , Daisy  , Trilaksana M I A , Sumarlan S H , Wibisono Y
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to analyse the effect of carbonisation temperature and type of activating agent which were best to be used in the chemical activation process in the manufacture of activated carbon from oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB). The process of making activated carbon consisted of three stages, i.e. dehydration, carbonisation, and activation process. The experimental design was a randomised block design arranged as factorial with two factors, i.e. the first factor was variations of carbonisation temperature: 300°C, 400°C, and 500°C the second factor was the variations of activating agent type: ZnCl2, CaCl2, CH3COOH, and without activation. The results showed that carbonisation temperature and the type of activating agent had a significant effect on the characteristics of the activated carbon. The best results were achieved using CH3COOH as the activating agent at by the 500°C. The characteristics of the best-activated carbon consisted of 5.78% of ash content, 19.84% volatile matter content, 74.39% fixed carbon content, 1007.320 mg/g adsorption of iodine solution. The Brunauer – Emmett – Teller (BET) surface areas were up to 1110.87 m2/g and had a hollow surface structure, and open pores with a weight percentage atoms component of carbon reached 77.132%.
Classification of total carotene and quality of chili pepper (Capsicum frutescens) based on image analysis
Authors: Hendrawan Y , Utami R , Nurseta D Y , Daisy  , Nuryani S , Maharani D M , Sandra
Published: May 2021

The process of sorting the chili pepper (Capsicum frutescens) is done physically by using the human eye, based on the visual color uniformity of its skin. This method is not effective and efficient. This study aims to identify the total content of carotene in chili pepper using the color and textural features approach. Color feature extraction used is the value of RGB, HSV, HSL, XYZ, CMY, CMYK, Lab, LUV, LCH, grey color, and 10 textural features from each color-space. The feature extraction results were used to identify the total carotene content by the image analysis method. The image of chili peppers used was 360, consisting of 300 training data and 60 test data. Classification test results with a level of 20% produce the best parameters as an indicator of total carotene chili pepper i.e. hue mean features with a range for quality A (55.04 > hue mean > 32.15), quality B (19.80 > hue mean > 12.21), quality C (3.55 > hue mean > 1.93), and 80% accuracy using the confusion matrix and mean square error (MSE).
The sustainability challenges of the poultry industry during pandemic Covid-19
Authors: Yunita Ika , Hasibuan Sawarni
Published: May 2021

Increased awareness of social, economic, and environmental quality is a driving factor for sustainability studies in various industries, including the poultry industry. The poultry industry, especially broiler products, is classified as an industry that has complete supply chain components from upstream to downstream. Covid-19 has had a major impact on the industry, including the poultry industry. In June 2020, Indonesia’s inflation reached 0.18%, and broilers contributed to 0.14% as an implication of the Covid-19 pandemic. This paper aims to identify sustainability challenges in the poultry industry during the Covid-19 pandemic condition. The results of this review literature found various sustainability challenges during the Covid-19 pandemic, including supply chain disruption, oversupply, human welfare, and animal welfare.
Physical properties of dried red chili (Capsicum annuum) var. Hot Beauty as a function of moisture content
Authors: Hawa L C , Diposari R P , Lutfi M
Published: May 2021

Dried red chili variety of Hot Beauty from local Malang city, East Java, Indonesia were determined experimentally at various water contents of 12.009, 13.005, 15.012, 17.248, and 19.003% (wet basis) then monitoring was done based on several physical parameters. The objectives of this research are to determine physical properties of chili such as length, width, thickness, roundness, mean diameter, surface area, bulk density, true density, porosity, coefficient of static friction (towards cardboard surface, metal plate, plywood board, and stainless steel), and compressive force at different moisture content. The results showed that geometrical dimension, roundness, mean diameter, surface area, bulk density, true density, porosity, and coefficient of static friction were linearly increased following the increase of water content. Otherwise, compressive force was decreased following the increase of water contents from 12.009 to 19.003% (wet basis). This can be happened due to high water content causing the increase of internal pressure on cell wall of dry red chili in which this pressure is naturally strengthen the structure of cell wall and make it more rigid.
Monitoring of fluorescence characteristic in tomato surface during over-ripening stage
Authors: Nurulhuda A , Al Riza D F , Muharfiza  , Kuramoto M , Suzuki T , Kondo N
Published: May 2021

After harvesting, the evaluation of tomato characteristics is essential to decide a correct postharvest handling process, maturity stages, and shelf-life prediction. Previous research shows that fluorescence imaging could be used to enhance the maturity level detection after the red stage. However, the correlation between external appearance and internal fluorescence change has not been studied well. In this research, tomato surface has been classified into two parts i.e. skin and flesh. The parts have been extracted, and the fluorescence characteristic has been monitored from red-stages to over-ripening. The fluorescence image changes are confirmed during the storages and correlated with the weight loss as a freshness index. The results show that the fluorescence characteristic of tomato skin and flesh is different. The highest fluorescence emission peak for excitation of 370 nm is 520 nm for the skin and 490 nm for the flesh. Both fluorescence intensity of skin and flesh changed during storage. Although both changes could affect the fluorescence images, confirming the previous result, the changes of the skin fluorescence are strong enough to be observed with an imaging method. Classification of fresh and spoilage tomato samples using weight loss and images were also conducted using a Partial Least Square-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) model with 92% accuracy. These results demonstrate the potential of fluorescence imaging to monitor tomato freshness during storage.
Performance evaluation of cassava peels starch-based edible coating incorporated with chitosan on the shelf-life of fresh-cut pineapples (Ananas comosus)
Authors: Maharsih I K , Pusfitasari M D , Putri C A S , Hidayat M T
Published: May 2021

Postharvest treatment is one of the important factors that affected the shelf-life of fresh-cut pineapples (Ananas comosus). Pineapples have a short shelf life, that is 2-3 days after harvest without cold storage. Recently, the application of edible coatings is widely used to extend the shelf-life of pineapples. The edible coating can be produced from alginate, starch, chitosan, or aloe vera as the main composition. In this study, it is purposed to prolonged the storability of pineapples using starch-based edible coating combined with chitosan. Starch is obtained from cassava peels because they contain 44-59% of starch. On the other hand, chitosan acts as a stabilizer and antimicrobial agent. Furthermore, glycerol is added as a plasticizer in order to increase the elasticity of the edible film. The edible coating was prepared using various compositions of starch and glycerol (in % w/v), then 1% w/v of chitosan dissolved in ascorbic acid was added to the solution. The fresh-cut pineapples were dip-coated into the mixture. Subsequently, they were stored in the refrigerator at 12°C. Physicochemical properties of cassava peels starch-based edible coating were examined by functional groups analysis, solubility analysis, and pH measurement. The results showed that chitosan-modified edible coating with 5 % w/v of starch-0.6 ml/gr of glycerol can prolong the shelf-life of pineapples to 14 days. It had 58.46% solubility and 18% of increasing pH within 14 days. In addition, this variable obtained the highest score of overall acceptance in organoleptic evaluation, which was 5.47 out of 7.
Theoretical analysis of velocity, acceleration and torque calculation of a five-bar onion transplanting mechanism
Authors: Rasool K , Ali M , Chowdhury M , Kwon H J , Swe K M , Chung S O
Published: May 2021

The seedling transplanting mechanism is one of the key components of onion transplanter. Therefore, kinematic analysis of the transplanting mechanism is helpful to calculate the operational efficiency and performance of the device. The purpose of this study is to perform theoretical analysis of a five-bar mechanism to calculate the velocity, acceleration and input driving torque as well as to select the appropriate combination of link bars for smooth transplantation of onion seedlings. 3D model assembly of the mechanism was theoretically modelled and its motion was simulated by using commercial software. The five-bar mechanism is comprised of a driving link, driven link, connecting link, slider and the fixed slot. The movement of the slider was constrained to follow a fixed slot pathway, which was the combination of a straight line and a circular path along the driven link bar. Four number of simulation trials were conducted with different lengths of link bars for the selection of the appropriate link combination and respective peak velocities and accelerations. Driving torque was calculated at 30, 40, and 50 rpm speed of the driving link. The simulated velocities and accelerations of the end effector in ‘X’ and ‘Y’ directions for appropriate link combination were found as 0.36 m/sec, 0.73 m/sec and 4.5 m/sec2, 4.7 m/sec2 respectively. The required driving torque were observed 3.8 Nm at 30 rpm to complete the one cycle of onion seedling transplantation. The outcomes of this study would provide a significant reference for the validation and development of an efficient transplanting scheme for onion transplanting.
Effect of gear design on the power transmission unit of a small-sized multipurpose agricultural utility vehicle
Authors: Ali M , Islam M N , Chowdhury M , Khan N A , Rasool K , Chung S O
Published: May 2021

In this study, various gears were designed and evaluated to analyze the power transmission efficiency of a multipurpose agricultural utility vehicle. A computational simulation method was used to evaluate the effect of different models of power transmission systems before developing the vehicle. The 3D models of 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, and 30 teeth spur gears were generated using SM45C steel using commercial software. The power transmission efficiency was analyzed by varying the gear teeth number, face width of the gear teeth, and estimated torque values. The gear modules of 3.2, 2.7, and 2.2 mm were used to model the spur gear train using the 1:1 gear ratio. The power transmission efficiency of the proposed utility vehicle was simulated using 5, 10, and 15 Nm of torque. The simulated results of the 3.2 mm gear module with 30 teeth spur gear showed better performance with maximum power loss compared to other gears. The maximum power transmission efficiency was recorded to be 99.94% when adjusted for 15 Nm torque. The designed gears with 25 mm and 15 mm face width achieved 99.90% and 99.92% transmission efficiency, respectively. It was observed that gears with smaller face width achieved better efficiency with minimal power loss. The simulation results presented in this study is suitable to design and develop a utility vehicle for multipurpose agricultural use.
Land consolidation (contiguous farming) for sustainable crop production for the agro-industry
Authors: Amongo R , Larona M , Onal M , Resurreccion A , Lalap G , Limbo M
Published: May 2021

Land Consolidation or Contiguous Farming in the Philippine setting is considered a prerequisite to large scale mechanization for improved efficiencies, optimize land utilization, and increase crop productivity. It is expected to increase farmers’ income and contribute to sustainable agricultural productivity. The implementation of Republic Act 10601 or Agriculture and Fisheries Mechanization (AFMech) Law 2013, contiguous farming became one of the major flagship programs of the government. A project was conducted to study its implementation in the Philippine agricultural production system. Local and international benchmarking were conducted to document best practices and requirements of contiguous farming/land consolidation. Stakeholders from selected rice and corn producing areas in the country generally agreed on the implementation of contiguous farming. Technical, socio-economic, and institutional strategies, were identified for contiguous farming to succeed, including its strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities. The enabling environment were also discussed for the successful implementation of contiguous farming in the country. The study showed that land consolidation or contiguous farming is implementable in the Philippines subject to the necessary requirements crucial to its implementation.
ACSE (automatic canopy space expander): Automatic spacing system based on increasing plant canopy area on hydroponics for space efficiency
Authors: Jaenuri A , Hafizh M , Primatama S , Nugroho A P , Masithoh R E
Published: May 2021

Hydroponics is a solution to increase the amount of productivity of crops to offset the growing population growth in Indonesia. In hydroponics, the NFT system which is currently widely applied in industrial scale gardens uses a gully with a planting hole that has been set and is static. This is still inefficient in the use of space because there is still space left between the two plants when the plant canopy has not reached the end of the growth phase. Besides, farmers also need more energy to move plants from one gully to another when the canopy of plants has covered each other. To overcome this problem, an automatic spacer system is necessary. The objective of this study was to design an automatic canopy space expander based on increasing plant canopy area. The system is composed of a camera, motor driver, stepper motor, and helix conveyor. When the system detects overlapping canopies, the plant’s net pot will be shifted using a helix conveyor. The overlapping can be detected when the proportion of the width and height of the rectangle box that surrounding the canopy area is greater than 1: 1 with tolerance value ±0,2. The results of this study indicate that overlapping plant canopies can be detected through the filtering process and the calculation of the proportion of width and height of the rectangle box that covers the canopy area. The model of the ACSE system can increase the amount of crop productivity by not leaving any free space between the canopy but still keeping it from overlapping to pay attention to the level of competition of plants in getting sunlight.
Plant growth prediction model for lettuce (Lactuca sativa.) in plant factories using artificial neural network
Authors: Rizkiana A , Nugroho A P , Salma N M , Afif S , Masithoh R E , Sutiarso L , Okayasu T
Published: May 2021

One of the applications of precision agriculture is the monitoring of plant growth in a plant factory production to observe the behavior and predict the estimated yield of plant production. Plant growth is unique and is affected by internal and external factors, such as environmental conditions and nutrition supply. The estimation of plant growth considering the environmental conditions as well as initial plant height is necessary for plant management during the production cycle. Therefore, to answer the challenge, the purpose of this study was to develop a model of plant growth prediction using the resilient backpropagation Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method with environmental parameter input at the plant factory and evaluate the model. The ANN model was tested using a different number of nodes at the hidden layer, which are 1 to 7 nodes with the input of daily average temperature, average daily humidity, EC, and light intensity and then produces high lettuce increase output for 45 days. The model was developed and tested using the lettuce (Lactuca sativa) in plant factory production. As a result of the evaluation, the best prediction model with ANN is using the network architecture 4-7-1 with the results of the interpretation of R2 on the training data, and testing data are 0.987 and 0.728. From the verification test of the developed model, it can be found that the most affecting way to optimize lettuce growth is the rate of EC in nutrition. The results of the RMSE model validation is 0.032. Accordingly, the developed model can be used to predict the height increase of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) plants in a plant factory.
The potential of rice husk ash for silica synthesis as a semiconductor material for monocrystalline solar cell: a review
Authors: Putranto A W , Abida S H , Sholeh A B , Azfa H T
Published: May 2021

The solar cell is a device that can convert solar energy into electrical energy. The solar cell is promising energy because it is environmentally friendly compared to fossil fuel. The essential component in the solar cells is silicon. Silicon is a semiconductor that can absorb sunlight. However, the available solar cells currently have relatively high prices since the semiconductor compiler material requires many processes and expensive. Rice husk ash can be used as a producer of environmentally friendly silicon at affordable prices. The rice husk could produce 87-97% silica and 16-25% ash. In general, the silica content of rice husk ash is 94-96%. The processes for producing silica material as a semiconductor were, such as rice husk ash preparation, greying, leaching, making silicon by reduction, and conductivity test. This review aimed to provide insight into converting the rice husk ash to solar cells.
Fading local wisdoms of upland rice varieties in situ conservation in South Bengkulu Regency (case in Pino Raya subdistrict)
Authors: Ishak A , Fauzi E , Firison J , Miswarti  , Sastro Y
Published: May 2021

Upland rice is a useful source of germplasm and it is conserved by farmers through local wisdom. This paper aims to explain fading the local wisdom of upland rice in situ conservation in Pino Raya subdistrict, South Bengkulu regency. Data were collected from March to May 2020 through interviews and field observations. The interviews involved 11 key informants using snowball techniques consisting of a customary leader, village heads, agricultural extension, and farmers. Data were analyzed descriptively using the interactive model from Miles and Huberman. The results showed that the local wisdom of in-situ conservation of upland rice faded because shifting cultivation was no longer practiced by farmers due to oil palm expansion. Cultivation of upland rice is only on young oil palm plantations that are increasingly entering forest area. Intensification of wet rice cultivation allows farmers to cultivate modern varieties which early maturing rice and high productivity. Improvement in the community’s economy due to oil palm expansion and the diminishing of the upland area for rice cultivation caused the young generation to no longer be interested in planting upland rice local varieties. As a result, the “Dundang Padi” ceremony as a form of local wisdom that is practiced by the Pino Raya community is fading.
Optimization of NaOH concentration and cooking time in delignification of mature coconut (Cocus nucifera L.) coir
Authors: Dewi I A , Ihwah A , Setyawan H Y , Kurniasari A A N , Ulfah A
Published: May 2021

The main product of mature coconuts is coconut meat, while its by-products consisting of coconut water, shell fiber and coir. Coconut coir contains 75% fiber and 25% cork. The high value of fiber in coconut coir provides an opportunity to be utilized in making paper. Coconut fiber has a cellulose content of 26.6%-43.44% and lignin of 29.4%-45.84%. Due to the high lignin content, delignification process should be carried out which can be done using sodium hydroxide (NaOH). This study aims to obtain the optimal point of addition of NaOH and cooking time to produce optimal cellulose and lignin levels in the delignification of the mature coconut fiber pulping process. The research method uses the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with two factors and two optimized responses. The experimental design was performed with a central composite design. The variables involved were NaOH concentration (5-15%) and cooking time (90-150 minutes). Two responses studied were lignin and cellulose content. The combination of these treatments produces the optimum point of NaOH concentration of 5% and cooking time of 150 minutes, resulting in 15.56% lignin content and 37.29 % cellulose content.
Development of supply chain models of natural rubber products by considering quantity-discounts and environmental factors
Authors: Susanto S , Santoso I , Wijana S , Astuti R
Published: May 2021

The inevitable increase in environmental pollution and transportation activities in order to meet human needs is a dilemma. The purpose of this study is to find novelty in the field of supply chain management that is obtained by classifying supply chain management references into certain attributes such as quantity discount, centralized strategy, decentralized strategy, multi items, multi echelons, multi objectives and environmental factors especially greenhouse gas emission. Another way to do this is to study the company to find out how the supply chain system is carried out by the company i.e. the company uses 2 echelons, single item, single objective, centralized strategy, and no quantity discount. From the references studied, the included environmental model reference which has 4 echelons attributes, multi objective, multi-item, and centralization can be taken as the basic model. It requires developer models with quantity discounts, multi stages, multi items, centralized strategy, multi objectives in order for the basic model that can approach the company’s system. The developed model is supply chain models in natural rubber products by considering quantity-discounts and environmental factors with quantity discounts, 3 echelons, centralized strategy, multi-items, and multi-objectives.
Product development of corn rice using value engineering method
Authors: Hidayat K , Nasikin M K , Rakhmawati
Published: May 2021

National maize production is 19,612,435 tons. Corn has the main nutritional content in the form of starch (72-73%), simple sugar levels which include: glucose, fructose, and sucrose ranging from 1-3%, protein 8-11%. For health purposes, corn rice can be used as an alternative food to rice, because it contains a low glycemic index when compared to rice and potatoes. Considering many benefits of corn which has the potential as a functional food and to make it easier for people to enjoy functional foods made of corn, it is necessary to innovate instant corn rice products, especially for people with diabetics. The method used in this study is the value engineering method because this method is suitable for making a quality product using minimum costs. The stages in the value engineering method are the information, creative, analysis, development, and recommendation stages. The purpose of this research is to find the best alternative for the development of instant corn rice. The results of this study indicate that there are four attributes in the development of instant Madura corn rice, i.e price (0.286), texture (0.263), packaging (0.253), and net (0.196) which results in 90 alternative designs. Alternative one is the best alternative with a value of 1,093. Where the best alternative is instant corn rice that consumers want is instant corn rice with slightly coarse texture (30 mesh), using plastic packaging, net of 300 grams, and the price is IDR 7000-IDR 8000.
Collaboration quality assessment in the sustainable rice supply chain by using an integrated model of QFD-FANP-DEA: A case study of the rice industry in Malang
Authors: Dania W A P , Sitepu I B B , Rucitra A L
Published: May 2021

Collaboration is one of the critical issues in achieving a sustainable supply chain among suppliers and BULOG, the Indonesian Logistics bureau operated by the government that balances economic, social, and environmental aspects. Factors of collaboration behaviour such as commitment, trust, coordination, stability, and continuous improvement are taken into account to support collaboration activities. This study aims to analyse the efficiency score of BULOG and its suppliers and determine the strategy to enhance collaboration quality. This study applied the integrated method of Quality Function Deployment (QFD), Fuzzy Analytical Network Process (FANP), and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The QFD and FANP are to figure out the priority level of the collaboration behaviour factors. Then, DEA serves to calculate the collaboration efficiency score. The result shows that the most important behaviour factor in supporting the collaboration is the coordination, followed by continuous improvement, commitment, stability, and trust. Furthermore, among the nine stakeholders, two stakeholders are inefficient, with the efficiency score of 88.8% and 87.5%. Several strategies that can be applied to achieve the highest efficiency score (100%) are by increasing the sales level and changing the transportation method. Therefore, the economic and the environmental aspects which have a low level can be improved.
Strategies to implement total quality management in small scale rural agroindustry to enhance Indonesian pepper competitiveness
Authors: Wulandari S
Published: May 2021

The competitiveness of Indonesian pepper in the global market shows a decreasing trend. It is indicated by the decrease in the market and low product quality. Additionally, the consumer countries’ standard requirements are also stricter, especially quality, sanitary, and safety. Microorganism contamination is one issue of pepper product safety. This condition is due to improper implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) as a strategic resource that can generate competitiveness by achieving the required quality and providing the agroindustry with sustainable competitive advantages. This study aims to map quality management practice and formulate strategies to implement the TQM in the pepper agroindustry. The analysis used Quality Management Mapping and Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM). Quality Management Mapping was used in analyzing constraints, and ISM was used to analyze the internal and external elements. The pepper agroindustry’s quality management is traditional management, which has not to support the TQM implementation. Implementation of TQM in pepper agroindustry faces constraints related to training and preparation; understanding of TQM; TQM adoption within the organization; resistance to learn and change; learning organization; resources available; measurement of quality improvement; access to data and results; and attention to customers. Internal and external factors construct strategies to implement TQM. Internal-based strategies include training on the methods and concepts of quality, adopting technology, and using appropriate methodology and tools. The main strategy as external support is creating incentives linked to quality goods to support farmers shifting mindset and improving product quality.
Customer satisfaction and proximity analysis of white bread product in Malang City - East Java Province, Indonesia
Authors: Maligan J M , ‘A Harisa N N
Published: May 2021

A considerable number of SMEs in Malang leads to high competition and allows producers to improve quality based on consumer needs. Therefore, bakery industries should know what consumers want and need to increase the sale of their products. This study aims to knowing and analysing consumer satisfaction rate and proximity of white bread products that are sold in Malang City based on consumer opinion, so the bakeries could increase the organoleptic quality of their products. Customer satisfaction was measured using the Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) method and Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI). The proximity of each product is measured by using Multidimensional Scaling (MDS). Customer satisfaction values based on IPA analysis are high in both consumer interest and consumer satisfaction. So it is concluded that consumers are satisfied with the product. Customer satisfaction value based on CSI (67%) also shows that consumers are satisfied with the product. MDS analysis shows that there is the proximity between four product groups namely group I (sample 864 and 126), group II (sample 911 and 714), group III (sample 949, 141, and 593), and group IV (sample 548, 209, and 739) on all observed attributes. Similarities of each sample also can be observed by measuring the distance between two samples nearby. The smaller distance meaning that the two samples are similar. The distance between sample 911 and 126 is the closest, so these samples are considered similar.
Quality control of bottled tea packaging using the Statistical Quality Control (SQC) and the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA)
Authors: Rucitra A L , Amelia J
Published: May 2021

The packaging is a container used for preventing or minimising the damage of products. Company X is one of the companies engaged in beverage packaging, and one of its larger product is bottled tea. The primary packaging of the tea is a semi-finished PET bottle. Its small and light shape is beneficial to reduce transportation costs. Quality control is carried out so that the products are following predetermined standards and the consumer’s requirements. This research aimed is to identify the potential risk of the bottled tea packaging and to reduce the defect to increase the productivity of the company using statistical quality control (SQC) and the analysis of failure modes and effects (FMEA). SQC results showed that the highest number of damage occurred in February 2019 at 3.95%. The results of the risk analysis using FMEA showed that defective preform was the main risk that needed to be controlled. This risk had a Risk Priority Number (RPN) of 294, caused by supplier errors.
Development strategy of SMEs in the new normal era of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A literature review
Authors: Pratama V , Santoso I , Mustaniroh S A
Published: May 2021

The global pandemic known as COVID-19 has spread throughout the world and poses a threat to all countries, including the economic crisis in Indonesia. The government of Indonesia directly regulates policy to all companies or business units to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in their business environment. Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) also has been affected by COVID-19. They must decrease operational hours, employee shift systems, and implement health protocols according to standards in prevention. This study aims to review the current impact from the perspectives of SMEs owners and also strategy suggestions during the COVID-19 outbreak. The studies focus on the impact of large-scale social restrictions on SMEs economic activities and outline the recommendations for improving current responses to developing business strategy. This current study conducted a literature review of publicly available information to recommends valuable insights to the business survival and recovery system of SMEs business during a COVID-19 outbreak. The results show financial management, distribution of supply chain, digital transformation, network relationship, government policy, & orientation & information as a business strategy. This study will ideally contribute towards the creation of success for SMEs to thrive during and after a crisis.
The effect of supplier innovation on supply chain agility: Evidence from coffee shops in Malang area
Authors: Aprilia A , Laili F , Setyowati P B , Waringga K F
Published: May 2021

With the agility of supply chain, competitive advantage can be maintained by business people by responding to environmental changes quickly and facing uncertainty. This research investigates the impact of supplier innovation on supply chain agility with information sharing and strategic resource as a mediator. At the same time testing the effect of information sharing and strategic sourcing on supply chain agility. The research sample used 65 coffee shops which were obtained from the response of the owner or manager of the coffee shop in Malang Area, known as the city of a million coffee shops. The rapid development of coffee shops in Malang Area demanding coffee businesses to respond quickly to changing consumer trends by maintaining the supply of coffee beans from the highest quality suppliers. This study was analyzed using structural equation modelling methods. The results revealed that supplier innovation significantly influences information sharing, strategic resources and supply chain agility. In addition, information sharing and strategic resources have a strong influence on supply chain agility. Thus, managers and or coffee shop owners need to establish good and sustainable relationships, especially to deal with changes in the business environment.
The impact of product familiarity on the purchase decisions of fruits and vegetables during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Dewi H E , Aprilia A , Hardana A E , Pariasa I I , Sofianti D Y , Prasetyaningrum D I
Published: May 2021

The research was conducted to examine the effect of the consumers’ product familiarity on the purchase intention in fruits and vegetables in Malang city during the COVID-19 pandemic. The judgment sampling method was used to select the 176 respondents based on the purchasing criteria from either the online and offline market at least twice or more. The data were analyzed using multivariate data analysis with partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings showed that product knowledge had a great influence on the familiarity with the product. Consumers were aware of the food safety provided by the company while purchasing online. In addition, the familiarity of the products also brought a positive influence on purchase intention. The social influence and preference of other people became a factor considered by the consumers in purchasing the fruits and vegetables. So, the company should improve the marketing and branding strategies of the products by continually prioritizing the safety of the consumers in accordance with the health protocols.
Product development of sweet potato dry noodle using Quality Function Deployment (QFD)
Authors: Dewi I A , Lestari E R , Rahayu D F A
Published: May 2021

The current consumption pattern of Indonesian consumers is increasingly diverse, creating a challenge for the industry to develop products. Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is a reliable tool to create a new product. One of the demanded products is dry noodle. However, the challenge is that the raw material, flours, is imported. Therefore, the alternative raw material is required to reduce wheat consumption. Sweet potatoes are local agricultural products which have the potential to be used as flour substitution to produce dry noodles. The purposes of this study were to determine consumer needs of dry noodles and to assess the organoleptic quality of sweet potato dry noodle. This study executed phase 1 and 2 of the QFD method. In the first phase, the QFD was used to determine consumer needs of dry noodles. There were 100 respondents involved by filling a questionnaire. The list of consumer needs were then used in the second phase to assess the potential of sweet potato dry noodles and compared it with two existing dried noodles products. Fifteen respondents performed a sensory test for the second phase. The results showed that there were 11 attributes of the dry noodles required by consumers. Sweet potato dry noodle was considered unable to satisfy the panellists. Besides, its quality should be improved by choosing high-quality raw materials and by adding wheat flour or dry gluten in the composition of sweet potato dry noodles. It is believed to affect the texture and elasticity of sweet potato dry noodles.