bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemanfaatan Babadotan Sebagai Sumber Pestisida Nabati Yang Berpotensi Untuk Mengendalikan Hama dan Penyakit pada Tanaman Padi Di Desa Cileungsir dan Cisontrol
Authors: Meliansyah Rika , Kurniawan Wawan , Hartati Sri , Puspasari Lindung Tri
Published: February 2024

Pemanfaatan tumbuhan sebagai bahan pestisida nabati merupakan salah satu alternatif pengendalian hama dan penyebab penyakit tanaman yang ramah lingkungan. Babadotan yang memiliki nama ilmiah Ageratum conyzoides adalah salah satu tumbuhan yang banyak ditemukan di desa Cileungsir dan Cisontrol, Kecamatan Rancah, Kabupaten Ciamis. Babadotan memiliki potensi untuk digunakan sebagai bahan pestisida nabati. Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PKM) dalam bentuk pelatihan pemanfaatan babadotan sebagai sumber pestisida nabati telah dilaksanakan di desa Cileungsir dan Cisontrol, Kecamatan Rancah, Kabupaten Ciamis. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengenalan, pemahaman, pengetahuan dan keterampilan tentang gulma babadotan yang berpotensi sebagai sumber pestisida nabati yang dapat dimanfaatkan petani secara sederhana dalam budidaya tanaman untuk mengurangi penggunaan pestisida sintetik. Metode yang digunakan untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut adalah pendekatan partisipasif berupa penyuluhan mengenai jenis hama dan penyakit pada padi, dampak penggunaan pestisida sintetik secara tidak bijaksana, pemanfaatan babadotan sebagai pestisida nabati serta mempraktekkan pembuatan pestisida nabati berbahan dasar babadotan. Peserta yang mengikuti kegiatan terdiri dari petani, tokoh masyarakat dan aparat desa. Kesimpulan hasil PKM ini adalah kegiatan pengabdian kepada Masyarakat telah dilaksanakan di Desa Cileungsir dan Cisontrol dengan peserta masing-masing desa sebanyak 50 orang yang terdiri dari petani, tokoh masyarakat dan aparat desa melalui kegiatan penyuluhan, pelatihan dan pendampingan serta evalusi. Hasil evalusi proses, respon peserta cukup baik dalam mengikuti  kegiatan, materi yang disampaikan dapat dipahami oleh peserta. Pengabdian ini dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan petani dalam pemanfaatan gulma babadotan sebagai sumber pestisida nabati yang berpotensi untuk mengendalikan hama dan penyakit pada tanaman padi dengan nilai meningkat dari 2%-60% menjadi 88%-100% di Desa Cileungsir dan 8%-68% menjadi 92%-100%. Peserta pelatihan diharapkan juga dapat menjadi penyampai pengetahuan tentang pemanfaatan gulma babadotan sebagai sumber pestisida nabati kepada anggota komunitas lainnya, sehingga informasi ini dapat menyebar lebih luas.
Pendampingan Petani dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Strategi Pengelolaan Hama Ramah Lingkungan dengan Menggunakan Pestisida Hayati (Bio-Pestisida) di Desa Sukamukti dan Mekarmukti Kecamatan Cilawu Kabupaten Garut
Authors: Puspasari Lindung Tri , Meliansyah Rika , Hartati Sri , Kurniawan Wawan
Published: February 2024

Dalam kegiatan budidaya tanaman di Desa Sukamukti dan Mekarmukti Kecamatan Cilawu kerap kali menghadapi kendala yaitu adanya serangan hama tanaman. Petani umumnya masih mengandalkan penggunaan pestisida sintetis yang harganya lebih mahal dan berdampak negatif bagi manusia seerta mencemari lingkungan. Alternatif lain untuk mengendalikan hama tanaman adalah dengan menggunakan mikroorganisme/pathogen sebagai pestisida hayati (bio-pestisida) yang lebih aman bagi manusia dan lingkungan. Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini bertujuan untuk mengenalkan kepada masyarakat (petani) mengenai pemanfaatan pestisida hayati (bio-pestisida) untuk pengendalian hama tanaman, mempraktekkan cara pembuatan pestisida hayati dan cara aplikasinya di lapangan, serta mengurangi ketergantungan petani terhadap penggunaan pestisida kimiawi/sintetis. Dari hasil kegiatan PKM ini, petani dapat mengembangkan dan menerapkan teknologi pengendalian   hama   tanaman dengan memaanfaatkan pestisida hayati (bio-pestisida) untuk pengendalian hama, serta dapat terampil membuat sendiri pestisida hayati dan dapat mengaplikasikannya pada tanaman serta memasyaratkan penggunaan pestisida hayati agar kerusakan lingkungan oleh pestisida kimia sintetis dapat diminimalisasi.
Hubungan Health Literacy dengan Tingkat Kecemasan Pada Peserta Vaksinasi Covid-19 di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pajang Surakarta
Authors: Fitriani Nurlaila , Hasnawati Atik
Published: February 2024

Pendahuluan : SARS-CoV-2 merupakan virus baru di coronavirus family yang menyebabkan penyakit corona virus disease 19 (Covid-19). Salah satu upaya pemerintah dalam memutus mata rantai ini yaitu dengan melakukan vaksinasi kepada seluruh masyarakat. Namun masih banyak masyarakat menunjukkan sikap keraguan dan kecemasan mengenai vaksin dikarenakan oleh banyaknya berita hoax yang beredar mengenai vaksin serta keraguan masyarakat mengenai efektivitas dari vaksin. Tidak adanya kontrol validitas oleh penulis terhadap berita yang diunggah serta masyarakat yang kurang dalam health literacy menyebabkan banyaknya persepsi negatif dan kecemasan yang dirasakan oleh masyarakat terhadap vaksinasi Covid-19. Tujuan : Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan health literacy dengan tingkat kecemasan pada peserta vaksinasi Covid-19 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Pajang Surakarta. Metode : Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian kuantitatif dengan model rancangan penelitian descriptive-correlative menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik accidental sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 83 responden. Kuesioner penelitian yang digunakan yaitu HLS-EU-Q16 dan DASS-42. Hasil : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara health literacy dengan tingkat kecemasan dan nilai R = -0,760. Kesimpulan : Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara health literacy dengan tingkat kecemasan pada peserta vaksinasi Covid-19 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Pajang Surakarta.
Reduced ribonucleotide reductase RRM2 subunit expression increases DNA damage and mitochondria dysfunction in woody breast chickens
Authors: Shakeri Majid , Choi Janghan , Harris Caitlin , Buhr Richard Jeff , Kong Byungwhi , Zhuang Hong , Bowker Brian
Published: February 2024

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to investigate the roles of ribonucleotide reductase subunit M2 (RRM2; subunit of ribonucleotide reductase) in severe woody breast (WB) and normal breast muscles.

ANIMALS

40 8-week-old male Ross-708 broiler chickens.

METHODS

Quantitative PCR was performed to determine gene expression, and commercial ELISA/assay kits were used to obtain several enzymatic activities.

RESULTS

Results showed that RRM2 activity (P = .0002) and RRM2 (P = .05) and hydroxymethylbilane synthase expression (impaired oxygen transport and metabolism, P = .002) were reduced in WB, while caveolin-3 (defected membrane integrity, P = .09), endoglin (increased fibrosis, P = .06), and secreted protein acidic rich in cysteine (metabolic dysregulation, P = .09) expression tended to increase in WB. WB tended to have increased levels of homocysteine (P = .06), aspartate aminotransferase mitochondria (P = .02), pyruvate kinase (P = .04), DNA damage (P = .06), creatine kinase (P = .05), and triglyceride (P = .002) but decreased ATPase activity (P = .01), all indicating mitochondria dysfunction and tissue damage.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

In this study, differences in various enzyme activities and increased DNA damage suggest that RRM2-mediated mitochondrial abnormalities may play a role in WB myopathy.
Vesicular stomatitis virus in two species of rhinoceros at a California zoological park
Authors: Berlin Erin R. , Kinney Matthew E. , Howard Lauren L. , Perrin Kathryn L. , Rodriguez Paula , Kubiski Steven V. , Phair Kristen A.
Published: February 2024

OBJECTIVE

To describe an outbreak of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) in southern white rhinoceros (SWR; Ceratotherium simum simum) and greater one-horned rhinoceros (GOHR; Rhinoceros unicornis) at a safari park in San Diego, CA, from May to September 2023.

ANIMALS

21 SWR and 5 GOHR in professionally managed care.

METHODS

Rhinoceros of both species presented with a range of clinical signs and severities. Lesion locations were categorized as cutaneous (coronary bands, heels and soles, limbs, ventrum, neck folds, and ears) and mucocutaneous (lips, nostrils, mucous membranes of the oral cavity, and vulva). Clinical signs included lethargy, lameness, difficulty with prehension, hyporexia to anorexia, and hypersalivation. Severely affected rhinoceros had clinical pathology findings consistent with systemic inflammation.

RESULTS

Vesicular stomatitis New Jersey virus was confirmed via PCR from swabs of lesions in 10/26 (38%) rhinoceros. Of these 10 confirmed cases, 9 (90%) were SWR and 1 (10%) was a GOHR. A further 6/26 (24%) were considered probable cases, and 10/26 (38%) were considered suspect cases based on clinical signs, but the inability to appropriately sample due to the housing environment precluded confirmation. Histopathology samples from 3 rhinoceros were consistent with VSV, and viral RNA was localized in histologic lesions via RNA in situ hybridization for 1 case. All rhinoceros survived infection despite severe systemic illness in 2 animals.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

This case series describes the clinical appearance and progression of VSV in 2 rhinoceros species. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of VSV in a rhinoceros.
Providing During a Pandemic: A Scoping Review of Female Breadwinners
Authors: Parry Bianca Rochelle
Published: February 2024

The outbreak of COVID-19 has had negative impacts on many communities across the globe, and, in particular, these impacts have disproportionately affected women. Indeed, preliminary research and reporting on the effects of the pandemic indicate an upsurge of various forms of gender-based inequities in the workplaces and homes of women. In this article, I consider these inequitable effects via the experiences of a particularly vulnerable group of women: female breadwinners. Women who undertake the role as breadwinners overcome traditional notions of gender by becoming breadwinners in their homes and providing primary financial support for their families. By contextualising the lived experiences of female breadwinners through a feminist theoretical framework, we can comprehend their experiences of multiple forms of discrimination and vulnerability, as magnified by COVID-19. Awareness of the challenges faced by female breadwinners, in South Africa and across the globe, encourages gender-sensitive and contextualised interpretations of their experiences during COVID-19. Through a scoping review of recent local and international research, this article exposes the perpetual discriminations of gender in many communities that affected the ability of female breadwinners to provide during the pandemic. In understanding how these women make meaning of and negotiate their roles as breadwinners, this article highlights the literature gap concerning the experiences of female breadwinners during COVID-19. Considering gender-based polyvictimisations amplified by the pandemic, the article further deliberates on recommendations to ameliorate the lived experiences of female breadwinners.
trabajo en la vejez
Authors: Muñoz Carmen Gloria , Reinoso Fica Luis Andrés , Cirineu Cleber Tiago , Pizarro Troncoso Eugenia
Published: February 2024

El artículo aborda el trabajo remunerado en la vejez como fenómeno complejo, para enriquecer la discusión de la Terapia Ocupacional y los estudios sobre la ocupación acerca del tema. Se detiene en la relevancia del trabajo como ocupación y reflexiona sobre las desigualdades que se construyen en torno al trabajo de las personas mayores. Al proponer un diálogo interdisciplinario con la perspectiva del curso de la vida, destaca la relación entre las trayectorias laborales y los contextos históricos en los que estas se insertan. El texto resalta la importancia del tema para la Terapia Ocupacional, la necesidad de comprender el trabajo en la vejez y de cuestionar la mirada individualizadora que tienden a usar los estudios disciplinares sobre el asunto. Esto implica dinamizar las teorías clásicas de la Terapia Ocupacional, de manera que trasciendan los enfoques clínicos centrados en la prevención y el tratamiento de las enfermedades de las personas mayores, y se interroguen por los sistemas políticos, económicos y sociales en los que se enmarca el trabajo de esta población.
processo de envelhecimento de uma pessoa com autismo na perspectiva do cuidador
Authors: Revnei de Jesus Reis Vitória , Pires Camargo Novelli Marcia Maria , Perosa Saigh Jurdi Andrea
Published: February 2024

O artigo propõe a discussão sobre o cotidiano e as ocupações de uma pessoa adulta com autismo. Neste sentido, apresenta-se um estudo que buscou compreender como se estrutura o cotidiano de uma mulher adulta com autismo, a partir da perspectiva de um dos cuidadores principais. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, do tipo estudo de caso, realizado em Santos, São Paulo, Brasil. A partir de uma entrevista semiestruturada, foram selecionadas e analisadas as categorias: atividades cotidianas e ocupações e desafios enfrentados pela pessoa e sua família. Os resultados destacam a importância de criar espaços de discussão que abordam diferentes maneiras de vivenciar a vida adulta e o processo de envelhecimento com autismo, além de dialogar sobre formas de envelhecer ativamente, participando das atividades da comunidade, exercen- do a cidadania e acessando direitos. Os resultados também apontam a necessidade de construção de serviços que apoiem a transição ao longo da vida de pessoas que apresentam condição do espectro do autismo, além de estimular profissionais a desenvolverem ações de cuidado voltadas às demandas específicas dessas pessoas e suas famílias.
Terapia Ocupacional Social e Paulo Freire
Authors: Siqueira da Cunha Ana Clara , Leite Junior Jaime Daniel , Nunes Farias Magno
Published: February 2024

Paulo Freire é um importante autor que sustenta a práxis da Terapia Ocupacional Social. O intuito do presente trabalho é ampliar o escopo e adensar o caráter da presença acadêmica deste autor no campo da Terapia Ocupacional Social, tomando como referência produções científicas brasileiras. Como percurso metodológico, foi realizada uma revisão de escopo, com levantamento de estudos publicados em quatro periódicos brasileiros e bases de dados internacionais. As buscas foram realizadas utilizando a língua portuguesa. A revisão não definiu período inicial e considerou os artigos disponíveis online até fevereiro de 2023. Foram incluídos 18 estudos que possuem as obras de Freire em suas referências. Pedagogia do oprimido e Educação como prática de liberdade são as obras que mais aparecem nos artigos encontrados. Foi realizado o refinamento das categorias freireanas, e constatou-se a presença de 42 delas, com destaque para conscientização, com onze ocorrências, transformação/ação transformadora e práxis/ação-reflexão, ambas com dez. Com os dados obtidos pelo estudo foi possível constatar o aumento do número de publicações na área da Terapia Ocupacional Social que utilizam o referencial teórico de Freire. A obra do autor tem colaborado de forma significativa na construção de uma Terapia Ocupacional Social problematizadora e emancipatória.
RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PENGUSIR TIKUS DAN BURUNG OTOMATIS BERBASIS ARDUINO SENSOR MENGGUNAKAN CAHAYA DENGAN PANEL SURYA
Authors: Wijaya Akram , Sunaryantiningsih Ina , Laksono Ridam Dwi
Published: February 2024

Dalam bidang pertanian khususnya padi, fenomena kerusakan tanaman padi yang disebabkan oleh serangan tikus dan burung selalu menjadi masalah bagi petani. Berkurangnya hasil panen akibat serangan tikus dan burung. Dengan perkembangan teknologi yang maju saat ini, penulis membangun suatu sistem yang terintegrasi secara elektronika yang dapat melakukan otomatisasi yang mampu mengantisipasi dan meminimalisir serangan hama padi sehingga dapat menggantikan peran manusia dalam bekerja dengan memanfaatkan energy panas matahari panel surya. Pembuatan sistem ini menggunakan arduino sebagai komponen processing, sensor PIR dan HCSR-04 sebagai komponen input, buzzer dan servo sebagai komponen output. hasil pengujian kinerja sistem yang dapat mendeteksi hama padi yang kemudian  arduino sebagai prosessor memberikan data keluaran berupa buzzer dan servo dengan tujuan mengusir hama yang terdeketsi oleh sensor.
Analisis manejemen risiko pada pengelolaan bisnis Enje Mart di Pesantren Nurul Jadid
Authors: Saifuddin Saifuddin , Akil Ahmad Ibnu
Published: February 2024

Pesantren Merupakan suatu perubahan sosial, yang tidak hanya bertitik pada aspek mendalami ilmu saja, melainkan juga aspek perkembangan ekonomi. Dalam membangun perkembangan ekonomi pesantren tidak hanya sebatas mempelajari tentang ilmu agama saja, melainkan pesantren dituntut untuk memberikan peran terhadap kebutuhan universal, terutama pada risiko-risiko bisnis yang tidak dapat di tebak. Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh adanya enje mart di pedantren nurul jadid dengan slogan Produk Nurul Jadid Go Publik yang di tangani oleh Badan Usaha Milik Pesantren (BUMPes) Pondok Pesantren Nurul Jadid.  Tujuan penilitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apa yang menjadi tolak ukur dan bagaimana cara mengantisipasi dan siapa yang mengendalikan manejemen risiko di enje mart pesantren nurul jadid. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian lapangan (survey) deskriptif kualitatif dengan cara pengamatan (observasi), wawancara, studi pustaka dan dokumentasi. Hasilnya adalah Risiko merupakan suatu peluang (kemungkinan) terjadinya suatu bencana atau kerugian yang mana tidak dapat di hindari oleh setiap Perusahaan atau bisnis yang di jalani, sedangkan di enje mart pesantren nurul jadid terdapat 3 risiko yang terjadi, diantaranya adalah: risiko persediaan, risiko sumber daya manusia dan risiko pengelolaan keuangan.
Analisis sektor unggulan provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB) tahun 2018-2022
Authors: Azra' Kurniawan
Published: February 2024

Provinsi NTB mencatat pertumbuhan ekonomi yang menjadi yang keempat tertinggi di Indonesia, setelah provinsi Maluku Utara, Sulawesi Tengah, dan Papua. Setiap wilayah memiliki sektor ekonomi yang menjadi keistimewaan unik dari wilayahnya masing- masing. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji industri-industri kunci di Provinsi NTB yang memiliki kemampuan bersaing secara efektif, kompetitivitas, dan spesialisasi, sambil menentukan sektor dasar yang perlu diberikan prioritas. Informasi ini menjadi pertimbangan penting, terutama untuk membantu Pemerintah Provinsi NTB dalam menyusun strategi pertumbuhan ekonomi ke depan. Peneliti menerapkan Location Quotient dan Shift Share sebagai metodologi analisisnya. Temuan penelitian mengungkapkan jika Provinsi NTB memiliki sembilan industri yang memiliki keunggulan tersendiri, dengan sektor pertambangan dan penggalian menunjukkan nilai Location Quotient tertinggi dengan rata- rata, ialah sebesar 2,158. Analisis Proporsional mengidentifikasi delapan sektor di wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB) yang mempunyai keunggulan struktural. Sektor-sektor tersebut antara lain: kegiatan kesehatan dan sosial; layanan pendidikan; pertahanan dan jaminan sosial wajib; administrasi pemerintahan; real estate; transportasi dan pergudangan; reparasi kendaraan bermotor dan sepeda bermotor; perdagangan grosir dan eceran; pertambangan dan penggalian; kehutanan dan perikanan; pertanian; dan Layanan Lainnya. Sementara itu, sektor PDRB yang mengalami keuntungan lokasional di Provinsi NTB, meliputi sektor kesehatan dan sosial; layanan pendidikan; pertahanan dan jaminan sosial wajib; administrasi pemerintahan; real estate; transportasi dan pergudangan; reparasi kendaraan bermotor dan sepeda bermotor; perdagangan grosir dan eceran; pertambangan dan penggalian; kehutanan dan perikanan; pertanian; dan Layanan Lainnya. Ini memberikan tanda jika kelima wilayah di Provinsi NTB layak secara ekonomi di berbagai lokasi geografis.
SOSIALISASI DAN DEKLARASI SEKOLAH ANTI BULLYING DI SMP NASIONAL BANAU KOTA TERNATE
Authors: Bahtiar Bahtiar
Published: February 2024

Abstract. SMP Nasional Banau Kota Ternate is one of the private schools under Yayasan Pendidikan Nasional (YPN) Maluku Utara, located in Kalumata, South Ternate subdistrict, Ternate City. SMP Nasional Banau Kota Ternate was continues to strive to improve educational services for its students, according to the expectations of the local community. One of the factors that hinders the learning process and educational activities in schools is bullying among students. Bullying of students occurs face-to-face and through social media platforms. The objectives of this community service is to increase positive attitudes in preventing bullying behavior among students at school. The implementation of the socialization and declaration SMP Nasional Banau Kota Ternate  was carried out smoothly and in an orderly manner, all participants were very enthusiastic about participating in this program. Implementation of a series of outreach and declarations as an anti-bullying school is able to build positive attitudes of students in preventing bullying behavior in schools. The bullying prevention socialization and anti-bullying school declarations as a preventive effort against acts of violence in schools be carried out continuous, consistent, well-planned, and involve relevant stakeholders.
 
Abstrak. SMP Nasional Banau Kota Ternate adalah salah satu sekolah swasta di bawah Yayasan Pendidikan Nasional (YPN) Maluku Utara, terletak di kelurahan Kalumata kecamatan Ternate Selatan, Kota Ternate. SMP Nasional Banau terus berupaya meningkatkan pelayanan pendidikan kepada peserta didiknya sesuai dengan tuntutan masyarakat di sekitarnya. Salah satu faktor yang masih menghambat proses belajar dan aktivitas pendidikan di sekolah adalah kasus bullying di kalangan siswa. Bullying terhadap siswa tidak hanya terjadi secara face-to-face, juga terjadi pada platform media sosial. Tujuan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah untuk meningkatkan sikap positif siswa dalam mencegah prilaku bullying pada kalangan siswa di sekolah. Pelaksanaan seluruh rangkaian sosialisasi dan deklarasi SMP Nasional Banau Kota Ternate berlangsung lancar dan tertib, seluruh peserta sangat antusias mengikuti kegiatan ini. Pelaksanaan seluruh rangkaian sosialisasi dan deklarasi sebagai sekolah anti bullying mampu membangun sikap-sikap positif siswa dalam mencegah prilaku bullying di sekolah. Sosialisasi pencegahan bullying dan deklarasi sekolah anti bullying sebagai upaya preventif terhadap tindak kekerasan di sekolah perlu dilaksanakan secara terus menerus dan konsisten, dan terncana, serta melibatkan stakeholder terkait.

 

 
The Use of ICT in the Implementation of Autonomous Learning: Students’ Perception
Authors: Anindya Widya Dara , Lusiyani Ria
Published: February 2024

This qualitative study investigates how students use ICT to support their independent learning in English. The participants of this study were 5th-semester students who were taking the Cross-Cultural Understanding subject, totaling 117 students. The data were collected using a questionnaire via Google Form and distributed in the first week of the CCU lectures. This study has two main findings. The first finding concerns the applications used in implementing independent learning, categorized into five categories: chat and messages, social media, online games, learning apps, and others. The second finding focuses on the activities conducted by students in their independent learning. The questionnaire results identified twenty activities grouped into five categories: listening, writing, speaking, reading, and others. Furthermore, listening was the most frequently reported activity among students in independent learning
A scoping functionalist reflections on the implementation of affirmative action in Higher Education Institutions in South Africa
Authors: Zwelendaba Thokoza , Obioha Emeka E.
Published: February 2024

The scoping review was carried out to investigate the functionalist perspective on affirmative action for women in the workplace in the Eastern Cape Province’s selected South African universities. Given that university-specific information is available on affirmative action for women in the workplace, this scoping review employed a systematic review to investigate the implementation of the legislative framework for affirmative action policy in African-selected universities and ways to make improvements. Purposive sampling was used to select four higher education institutions (HEIs), in which there were two historically black and two historically white institutions, for representativeness. Evidently, affirmative action is indeed an existing policy in the selected institutions to redress the exclusion of women in senior positions in the past. While this review revealed the heightened visibility of women in executive positions in the four universities, women tend to be represented more than men in some executive categories. This demonstrates that the implementation of affirmative action for women has largely been successful in the country. Although with some challenges, the inclusion of women, without gender discrimination and biases, is a necessary ingredient for the sustainability of higher education administration in the country from a functionalist perspective.
Community leadership practices in Edo State Nigeria: Justification for a Biomimetic-based alternative in community development
Authors: Adebola H. E. , -Fashae G. C. Abey
Published: February 2024

This article is the first of a two-part assessment of leadership practices in community development processes. In this first part, community leadership practices (CLPs) are established as everyday actions executed by community leaders in the administration of processes to achieve communal development. In which case, community development associations (CDAs) should be agents that facilitate community development. Therefore, the continued disbandment of CDAs by the government of Edo State Nigeria in the past 6 years is odd. Postulating that the prevailing anti-development leadership practices is the reason behind the disbandment, the authors assessed the state of CLPs in the study area to determine the justification or otherwise, for a Biomimetic leadership alternative. The assessment was by observation, news reports and document analysis. This article affirmed that dominant anti-development practices of CDA leaders are critical to lack of development and recommended drawing leadership lessons from resilient bio-communities for application in human communities.
Mobile technology, farmer education and performance of agricultural projects: A case of the digifarm sunflower project in Makueni County, Kenya.
Authors: Jelimo Ronoh Juliet , Gatotoh Augustine Mwangi , Origa Japheth Ododa
Published: February 2024

Mobile technology in agriculture offers an effective and economical means of expanding knowledge sharing and exchange. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to establish the influence of mobile technology on the performance of agricultural projects in Makueni County, Kenya. Specifically, the study remit was mobile applications and mobile money transfers. This study adopted a mixed-methods approach to ensure a comprehensive assembly and triangulation of requisite data to respond to the survey objectives. The target population for this study was all sunflower farmers in Makueni County who subscribed to the DigiFarm platform. The sample size for this study was 208. The results were presented using descriptive statistics and correlations between the variables studied. Mobile applications presented weak positive correlations with the performance of agricultural projects, while Mobile money presented a strong positive correlation with agricultural projects.
Generating representative test scenarios: The FUSE for Representativity (fuse4rep) process model for collecting and analysing traffic observation data
Authors:   TU Dresden, Bäumler Maximilian , Lehmann Matthias ,   TU Dresden
Published: February 2024

Scenario-based testing is a pillar of assessing the effectiveness of automated driving systems (ADSs). For data-driven scenario-based testing, representative traffic scenarios need to describe real road traffic situations in compressed form and, as such, cover normal driving along with critical and accident situations originating from different data sources. Nevertheless, in the choice of data sources, a conflict often arises between sample quality and depth of information. Police accident data (PD) covering accident situations, for example, represent a full survey and thus have high sample quality but low depth of information. However, for local video-based traffic observation (VO) data using drones and covering normal driving and critical situations, the opposite is true. Only the fusion of both sources of data using statistical matching can yield a representative, meaningful database able to generate representative test scenarios. For successful fusion, which requires as many relevant, shared features in both data sources as possible, the following question arises: How can VO data be collected by drones and analysed to create the maximum number of relevant, shared features with PD? To answer that question, we used the Find–Unify–Synthesise–Evaluation (FUSE) for Representativity (FUSE4Rep) process model.We applied the first (“Find”) and second (“Unify”) step of this model to VO data and conducted drone-based VOs at two intersections in Dresden, Germany, to verify our results. We observed a three-way and a four-way intersection, both without traffic signals, for more than 27 h, following a fixed sample plan. To generate as many relevant information as possible, the drone pilots collected 122 variables for each observation (which we published in the ListDB Codebook) and the behavioural errors of road users, among other information. Next, we analysed the videos for traffic conflicts, which we classified according to the German accident type catalogue and matched with complementary information collected by the drone pilots. Last, we assessed the crash risk for the detected traffic conflicts using generalised extreme value (GEV) modelling. For example, accident type 211 was predicted as happening 1.3 times per year at the observed four-way intersection. The process ultimately facilitated the preparation of VO data for fusion with PD. The orientation towards traffic conflicts, the matched behavioural errors and the estimated GEV allowed creating accident-relevant scenarios. Thus, the model applied to VO data marks an important step towards realising a representative test scenario database and, in turn, safe ADSs.
Use Information You Have Never Observed Together: Data Fusion as a Major Step Towards Realistic Test Scenarios
Authors:   TU Dresden, Bäumler Maximilian , Prokop Günther ,   TU Dresden, Lehmann Matthias ,   TU Dresden, Dziuba-Kaiser Linda ,   TU Dresden
Published: February 2024

Scenario-based testing is a major pillar in the development and effectiveness assessment of automated driving systems. Thereby, test scenarios address different information layers and situations (normal driving, critical situations and accidents) by using different databases. However, the systematic combination of accident and / or normal driving databases into new synthetic databases can help to obtain scenarios that are as realistic as possible. This paper shows how statistical matching (SM) can be applied to fuse different categorical accident and traffic observation databases. Hereby, the fusion is demonstrated in two use cases, each featuring several fusion methods. In use case 1, a synthetic database was generated out of two accident data samples, whereby 78.7% of the original values could be estimated correctly by a random forest classifier. The same fusion using distance-hot-deck reproduced only 67% of the original values, but better preserved the marginal distributions. A real-world application is illustrated in use case 2, where accident data was fused with over 23,000 car trajectories at one intersection in Germany. We could show that SM is applicable to fuse categorical traffic databases. In future research, the combination of hotdeck- methods and machine learning classifiers needs to be further investigated.
Direct C-H Electrophilic Borylation with (C6F5)2B-NTf2 to Generate B-N Dibenzo[a,h]pyrenes
Authors: Nguyen Tony , Dutton Jason , Chang Chia Yun , Zhou Wen , Piers Warren
Published: February 2024

The borylation of aryl substituted pyridines is an effective way of preparing B-N doped conjugated organic frameworks. Trihaloborane Lewis acids are often employed for this protocol, and may require further functionalization to replace the remaining halides on boron. We report a new, fully characterized, electrophilic borylating agent, (C6F5)2B(2-NTf2), that smoothly incorporates a -B(C6F5)2 unit into the model substrate 2-phenylpyridine. To demonstrate its utility in preparing more complex B-N doped structures, we use it to prepare seven examples of the 6a,13a-diaza-7,14-dibora-dibenzo[a,h]pyrene framework, with substituents of varying donor properties. The structural, redox and photophysical properties of this new family of B-N doped polycyclic hydrocarbon compounds were probed experimentally and computationally.
BAT2: An open-source tool for flexible, automated and low cost absolute binding free energy calculations
Authors: Heinzelmann Germano , Huggins David , Gilson Michael
Published: February 2024

Absolute binding free energy (ABFE) calculations with all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) have the potential to greatly reduce costs in the first stages of drug discovery. Here we introduce BAT2, the new version of the Binding Affinity Tool (BAT.py), designed to combine full automation of ABFE calculations with high-performance MD simulations, making it a potential tool for virtual screening. We describe and test several changes and new features that were incorporated into the code, such as relative restraints between the protein and the ligand instead of using fixed dummy atoms, sup- port for the OpenMM simulation engine, a merged approach to the application/release of restraints, support for cobinders and proteins with multiple chains, and many others. We also reduced the simulation times for each ABFE calculation, assessing the effect on the expected robustness and accuracy of the calculations.
Bi-metalic ZIFs(Zn-M) (M: Co, Ni) for photocatalytic removal of organic pollutants in aqueous solutions
Authors: Nguyen Hoang Phuc , Nguyen Thanh Nhan , Lee Soo-Wohn , Pham Anh Son , Hoang Mai Ha
Published: February 2024

In this study, we successfully synthesised bi-metallic ZIF(Zn-M) of 2-methyl imidazole with a second metal (cobalt or nickel) binding to the ZIF network. All ZIF samples were synthesised at room temperature and characterised by using XRD, FT-IR, SEM, DRS, and nitrogen adsorption and desorption isotherms. The materials have high crystallinity with a large surface area. The materials’ photocatalytic ability was examined via the degradation of indigo carmine under a sun-light simulator. The second metal enhanced the photon harvesting ability of ZIF(Zn) because the materials can absorb photons in both UV and visible regions. Of the two catalysts, ZIF(Zn-Co) exhibited high photocatalytic ability when it removed 100% of indigo carmine from an aqueous solution. The catalyst adsorbed 45% of indigo carmine after 2 h and entirely degraded the remaining dye dring 1.5 h of solar irradiation. While Co2+ increased the catalyst’s surface area, Ni2+ reduced it, leading to lower photocatalytic efficiency.
Physicochemical standardization and drug analysis of anindigenous formulation: Asanadi kashaya
Authors: Nepal Poonam , H K Shashirekha , Sushant Sukumar Bargale , Prabha Singh Mandakini
Published: February 2024

Introduction People in this fast moving world are more convenient with packaged medications than the raw one that requires more time and effort for the preparation. This effect of modernization is seen in the preparation of classical medicines as well. Kashaya for more than a decade is being prepared in a large scale in Pharmaceutical industries and are being preserved by adding approved preservatives to prolong its shelf life. Conventionally the Kashaya is prepared by adding sixteen parts of water in a part of drug and is reduced to one eighth. Patients are advised to dilute the preserved kashaya with water before consuming it. Whereas freshly prepared kashaya is consumed without diluting it with water. Such type of modification in the method of preparation and administration transforms the qualities of the substance and brings about various changes in the inherent attributes of the substance.Materials and method Standardization and HPTLC of freshly prepared Kashaya and preserved Kashaya were done to elicit variations in different parametersObservations and Results Total solids was found to be more in freshly prepared Kashaya whereas preserved Kashaya was found to be more viscous than freshly prepared one. Regarding HPTLC analysis the peaks were found to be more prominent in preservative added Kshaya under the short and long UV.Discussion In present era preserved Kashaya are more in practice though Ayurveda classics advocates the use of freshly prepared kashaya. Addition of preservative can be one among the causes for the increased viscosity and increased peak of preserved kashaya.nbsp
Gulma in Ayurveda and Contemporary Science
Authors: Anitharaj Fernandes Silviniya , Kumar M Arun , N Mogasale Prasanna , S Nagaraj
Published: February 2024

Gulma is one among the eight diseases described in nidana sthana of Charaka samhita with a symptom complex consisting of complaints that are commonly encountered in clinical practice such as shula pain and shotha swelling. Yet a diagnosis of gulma is rarely made by clinicians owing to confusions and misconceptions that prevail in the understanding of this disease. A clearer insight into gulma is essential to utilize the textual descriptions of this obscure disease and its treatment in clinical practice. Hence a detailed analysis of the Ayurvedic description of gulma is made here along with an attempt to identify conditions related to various stages or varieties of the disease from modern science.
Management of Hypertriglyceridemia with Virechana Karma: A Case Report
Authors: Kachole Sharayu , Rao Niranjan , C Padmakiran
Published: February 2024

The condition with a prevalence of more than 10 million cases per year in India hypertriglyceridemia poses as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases as well as stroke. Medoroga is a condition where there is abnormality in the metabolism and deposition of Medo Dhatu. Diagnosing it as a Santarpanajanya Vikara Apatarpana in the form of Shodhana is needed to manage and prevent its complications. This report presents a case of a 49 year old obese female a known hypertensive since eight years who was found to have severe hypertriglyceridemia gt500 mgdL on routine blood screening. She was subjected to Virechana Karma attaining Pravara Shuddhi. Patientrsquos serum triglyceride levels showed remarkable reduction after the Shodhana therapy alone.nbsp
Vatarakta: An Etiological Appreciation
Authors: S Kulkarni Veena , S Nagaraj
Published: February 2024

Present day life style of an individual has changed drastically and it is turning more and more luxurious. There is a break to physical activities and acceleration to stressful actions. Individuals are not ensuing an appropriate Aahara Vidhi food habits and Vihara Vidhi physical activities as styled in Dinacharya daily regimens and Rutucharya seasonal regimens conceptions of Ayurveda. Portrayal of Vatarakta is extensive in all Samhitas which indicates that it was prevalent far and wide in that era too. In the present-day number of patients diagnosed with Vatarakta are growing progressively. Increasing cases of Vatarakta could be due to changes in Aahara Vihara and Manasika Bhava psychological factors too. Fast food junk food high protein diet reduced physical exercises improper methods of riding vehicles etc. contribute in aggregation of Vatarakta cases. Thus an emphasis on Vatarakta Hetu causative factors is must to limit the prevalence and to overcome the disease.nbsp
Curadoria digital e Arquivologia: olhares sobre o documento arquivístico digital
Authors: Silva Amanda Marissa Soares da , Emerick Lohayne , Schmidt Clarissa Moreira dos Santos , Tognoli Natália Bolfarini
Published: February 2024

O artigo tem por objetivo refletir acerca dos olhares da Arquivologia e da Curadoria Digital em relação ao documento arquivístico digital. Observa-se que a Curadoria Digital vem se destacado na contemporaneidade por realizar o gerenciamento de dados e a preservação de documentos digitais. Assim, questiona-se os termos em que se estabelecem diferenças entre a Curadoria Digital e a Arquivologia, bem como suas possíveis relações. No bojo dessa discussão, destacam-se características inerentes ao documento em questão e que devem ser garantidas para seu efetivo significado, quais sejam a autenticidade e a confiabilidade. Sabe-se que a Arquivologia se baseia nos estudos da Diplomática Contemporânea para o estabelecimento de subsídios teóricos e metodológicos nesse sentido. Quanto à metodologia, realiza-se uma pesquisa teórica de caráter descritivo e exploratório que busca na discussão da literatura conceitos da Curadoria Digital e da Arquivologia de modo a responder ao objetivo proposto. Por fim, foi possível perceber que o olhar dado ao documento arquivístico digital pela Curadoria Digital difere do da Arquivologia, principalmente por não se ater às características que atribuem significado ao documento arquivístico digital.
Avaliação da indexação em repositórios institucionais brasileiros: uma análise comparada entre USP, UNESP e UNICAMP
Authors: Tartarotti Roberta Cristina Dal’Evedove , Dal’Evedove Paula Regina
Published: February 2024

O ambiente digital apresenta diversos desafios para as práticas informacionais. Nos repositórios institucionais essa situação é constatada na representação e recuperação por assunto, em que o dinamismo desses sistemas de recuperação da informação opera para uma nova abordagem da indexação, na qual nem sempre ela figura como elemento central na promoção de um acesso equitativo às informações digitais. Para responder a esta demanda, estudos dedicados à metodologia da Avaliação da Indexação mostram-se essenciais, por revelarem a qualidade da indexação praticada em repositórios institucionais e apontarem as deficiências e melhorias necessárias nestes sistemas. Sendo assim, objetiva-se avaliar de forma comparada a consistência da indexação praticada em repositórios brasileiros, tendo como corpus de pesquisa 100 registros de artigos de periódicos presentes nos repositórios institucionais da Universidade de São Paulo, Universidade Estadual Paulista e Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Conduzida por meio dos procedimentos da abordagem da avaliação intrínseca quantitativa mediante a interconsistência, a análise do metadado assunto de cada registro revelou baixos índices de consistência, indicando inconsistências entre as indexações realizadas nos três repositórios institucionais para o mesmo artigo de periódico. Constata-se que a representação por assunto é uma questão a ser observada no contexto dos repositórios institucionais investigados, sendo oportuno que repositórios institucionais brasileiros direcionem esforços e recursos para a melhoria da qualidade do metadado assunto tendo como parâmetro a realização periódica da Avaliação da Indexação.
A exclusão digital no Brasil e seus reflexos no acesso à informação
Authors: Cunha Murilo Bastos da
Published: February 2024

O editorial analisa os impactos que a exclusão digital está provocando nas crianças e jovens brasileiros. Além disso, são comentados os artigos incluídos no segundo número de 2021 da Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciência da Informação.
Deteção e combate ao plágio em contexto académico
Authors: Terra Ana Lúcia , Moreira Diogo , Gomes Filipa
Published: February 2024

É apresentada a proposta de um projeto de intervenção de combate ao plágio académico desenvolvida numa unidade curricular de um curso de graduação em Ciência da Informação, em que é adotado o ensino baseado em projetos (project based learning). A contextualização teórica do trabalho fundamenta-se numa revisão da literatura sobre o conceito de plágio e sobre ferramentas digitais de deteção de plágio. É descrita a metodologia e os objetivos do projeto de deteção e combate ao plágio, além de serem apresentados os outputs resultantes da sua implementação. É dada ênfase especial Ã  identificação, análise e avaliação de 10 ferramentas digitais de deteção de plágio, com base numa grelha de critérios definidos para o efeito. Deste procedimento resultou a seleção das três melhores ferramentas (PlagScan, Urkund e Plag.pt), as quais são apresentadas com mais detalhe. Adicionalmente, são apresentados os materiais concebidos para usar numa estratégia de combate ao plágio numa comunidade académica. Fundamenta-se a relevância do trabalho no relato de experiência de práticas didáticas inovadoras na formação graduada em Ciência da Informação, através do recurso ao ensino baseado em projetos, e na divulgação e avaliação de ferramentas de deteção de plágio, enquadradas numa estratégia mais lata de combate ao plágio em ambiente académico.
A trajetória do INTERPARES Project: reflexões acerca de teorias e metodologias desenvolvidas ao decorrer do projeto
Authors: Rabelo Natália Bruno , Schmidt Clarissa Moreira dos Santos
Published: February 2024

O propósito deste artigo foi analisar os fundamentos teóricos e metodológicos desenvolvidos durante o Projeto International Research on Permanent Authentic Records in Eletronic Systems (INTERPARES), iniciado em 1999. Na medida em que o Projeto é apontado na literatura arquivística como contribuição significativa para a pesquisa sobre preservação de documentos de arquivo digitais, o mapeamento das suas transformações nas abordagens e influências teóricas permanece como objeto de estudo pouco explorado. Nesse sentido, cabe pautar-se na seguinte pergunta de partida: “quais são as principais contribuições teóricas e metodológicas do Projeto InterPARES ao longo de sua trajetória?” por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa a fim de sintetizar a trajetória do projeto bem como refletir acerca dos seus fundamentos teóricos e metodológicos. Sendo assim, nossa investigação foi executada através de pesquisa bibliográfica, da produção científica do interPARES e obras brasileiras ou estrangeiras que o mencionem. Os resultados sugerem que conforme ocorrem transformações tecnológicas e, consequentemente, na aplicabilidade de tecnologias no tratamento arquivístico e, na medida em que o Projeto acompanha tais inovações com suas pesquisas, surge a necessidade de refletir acerca de tecnologias emergentes comumente aplicadas em tecnologias de caráter descentralizado.
Pesquisa sobre serviços de biblioteca para migrantes em bibliotecas nacionais
Authors: Serrano Pérez Luis
Published: February 2024

O objetivo desta investigação é verificar as necessidades dos utilizadores de bibliotecas de imigrantes, bem como a existência, eficácia e eficiência dos serviços de biblioteca para este grupo, dado que, como tem sido observado nos últimos anos, a imigração está a aumentar de forma constante. Em primeiro lugar, começamos com uma revisão bibliográfica, através da qual são delineadas a utilização e as necessidades dos imigrantes no que diz respeito aos serviços da biblioteca. Segue-se um estudo que consiste numa análise dos serviços de 26 bibliotecas nacionais em termos de IDH, número de bibliotecas por habitante e número de imigrantes no país (originalmente o ponto de partida era 30 países, 10 por indicador, mas devido às repetições e à existência de um como protetorado, este foi reduzido para 26). Para este efeito, foi efetuada uma análise dos sítios Web das bibliotecas nacionais dos países selecionados acima mencionados, em busca de serviços específicos para este grupo (em Abril de 2020). Esta investigação mostra-nos a falta de serviços e/ou de serviços eficazes para os utilizadores imigrantes. Uma vez recolhidos estes dados, e acrescentados à pesquisa bibliográfica anteriormente realizada, conclui-se que existe a necessidade de implementar, melhorar e atualizar os serviços acima mencionados para os migrantes.