bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Faktor Lingkungan dalam Pertempuran Palangan Bojongkokosan, 1945
Authors: Ramdani Abdul Wahid , Prasetya Santosa Yusuf Budi
Published: June 2022

The Battle of Palangan Bojongkokosan was one of the battles that took place during the physical revolution of Indonesia from 1945 to 1950. This incident occurred because of the Allied attitude of ignoring the agreement that had been made with TKR, namely, fighting over APWI logistics deliveries without notification and assistance. This battle occurred in Sukabumi District, in the village of Bojongkokosan, where the Allied convoy was passing. This study aims to look at the Battle of Palangan Bojongkokosan from the perspective of environmental factors. This research uses historical research methodology in its preparation. The sources used are primary and secondary. Primary sources include photos of the Palangan Bojongkokosan event, and secondary sources, books, journals, and magazines. The results obtained that one of the success factors of the attack on the Allies in the village of Bojongkokosan was the environmental conditions of the battlefield. Bojongkokosan village as a battlefield is also ideal with Hit n Run and Kirikumi military tactics chosen by Lt. Col. Edhie as the leader of the troops. The Bojongkokosan incident taught that in addition to qualified war equipment, it must also be supported by the spirit of the troops and the leader's ability to read the battlefield's situation and conditions. In addition, other things to consider, such as the environment that affects an event or battle.Pertempuran Palangan Bojongkokosan merupakan salah satu pertempuran yang terjadi pada masa revolusi fisik Indonesia tahun 1945-1950. Peristiwa ini terjadi karena sikap Sekutu yang mengabaikan kesepakatan yang telah dibuat dengan TKR yaitu memperebutkan pengiriman logistik APWI, tanpa pemberitahuan dan bantuan. Pertempuran ini terjadi di Kabupaten Sukabumi, di desa Bojongkokosan, tempat konvoi Sekutu lewat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pertempuran Palangan Bojongkokosan dari perspektif faktor lingkungan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi penelitian sejarah dalam penyusunannya. Sumber yang digunakan adalah primer dan sekunder. Sumber primer meliputi foto-foto peristiwa Palangan Bojongkokosan, dan sumber sekunder, buku, jurnal, dan majalah. Hasil yang diperoleh bahwa salah satu faktor keberhasilan penyerangan terhadap Sekutu di desa Bojongkokosan adalah kondisi lingkungan medan pertempuran. Desa Bojongkokosan sebagai medan pertempuran juga ideal dengan taktik militer Hit n Run dan Kirikumi yang dipilih oleh Letkol Edhie sebagai pemimpin pasukan. Peristiwa Bojongkokosan mengajarkan bahwa selain perlengkapan perang yang mumpuni, juga harus didukung oleh semangat pasukan dan kemampuan pemimpin dalam membaca situasi dan kondisi medan perang. Selain itu, hal lain yang perlu diperhatikan, seperti lingkungan yang mempengaruhi suatu event atau pertempuran.
Industri Rumah Tangga Gula Aren Semut di Desa Hariang Kecamatan Sobang Kabupaten Lebak, 1999-2019
Authors: Hikmah Hasyrotul , Fadillah Moh. Ali , Putra Arif Permana
Published: June 2022

This study aims to determine the development of the palm sugar home industry and its impact on the socio-economic life of the Hariang Village community in 1999-2019. The method used is the historical method, including heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The results showed that Hariang Village is one of the largest palm sugar producing villages in Sobang District. This is supported by abundant natural resources and the community's profession as farmers or palm sugar craftsmen. The economic growth of the Hariang Village community is due to the innovation of changing the form of printed palm sugar into ant palm sugar as a more durable product. Printed palm sugar craftsmen cooperate with the palm sugar industry of daily ants to improve the strata of socio-economic life. The palm sugar industry, which has existed since 1999, has developed and demand for palm sugar comes from Tangerang and Jakarta, palm sugar exports to foreign countries such as Australia, America, Malaysia, South Korea, Japan and Switzerland.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perkembangan industri rumah tangga gula aren semut dan dampaknya terhadap kehidupan sosial ekonomi masyarakat Desa Hariang tahun 1999-2019. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode sejarah, meliputi heuristik, kritik sumber, intepretasi, dan historiografi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Desa Hariang menjadi salah satu desa penghasil gula aren terbesar di Kecamatan Sobang. Hal ini didukung dengan sumber daya alam yang melimpah serta profesi masyarakat sebagai petani atau pengrajin gula aren cetak. Pertumbuhan ekonomi masyarakat Desa Hariang disebabkan adanya inovasi perubahan bentuk gula aren cetak menjadi gula aren semut sebagai produk yang lebih awet. Pengrajin gula aren cetak melakukan kerjasama dengan industri gula aren semut hariang untuk meningkatkan strata kehidupan sosial ekonomi. Industri gula aren semut hariang yang ada sejak tahun 1999 mengalami perkembangan dan permintaan gula aren semut berasal dari daerah Tangerang dan Jakarta, gula aren semut hariang melakukan ekspor ke luar negeri seperti Australia, Amerika, Malaysia, Korea Selatan, Jepang, dan Swiss.
Comorbidе conditions influence on the course of glaucoma
Authors: Zubasheva S. A. , Kravchenko T. S. , Gazizova I. R. , Onufriichuk O. N. , Seleznyov A. V. , Brezhnev A. Yu. , Kuroyedov A. V. , Getmanova A. M.
Published: June 2022

This review presents the current data on comorbidity in glaucoma patients of different age groups and highlights the problem of increasing the incidence of glaucoma due to the expected increase in life expectancy of the world population. Main factors in the development of comorbidity are chronic infections, inflammation, involutional and systemic metabolic disorders, iatrogenia, social status, ecology, and genetic predisposition. Main morphofunctional causes are damage due to endogenous changes in the aging body, external factors and the consequences of diseases associated with age in elderly people. The process of glaucoma progression often depends not only on the adequacy of the chosen tactics and the choice of medications, but also on concomitant systemic factors, so today the success of therapy is determined by a personalized approach to the patient, taking into account the manifestations of the disease and the totality of concomitant changes in the body as a whole.
Polypeptide therapy for epilepsy
Authors: Asadova U. A.
Published: June 2022

Goal. Investigate the role of cortexin in stopping and achieving remission of seizures in epilepsy.

Material and methods. 47 patients with various forms of epilepsy were examined at the reception of a neurologist of the polyclinic department of the United City Hospital No. 7 during 2020–2021. To assess the psycho-emotional status, the Ziqmond scale was used. As a means of increasing stress resistance, cortexin was used. Statistical calculations of qualitative parameters were carried out using the Fisher criterion. The results are presented at the level of reliable significance p < 0.05.

Results and discussion. Psychoemotional status, determined by the Ziqmond scale before treatment with cortexin, was rated low in all patients (6.91 ± 0.13; m = 4, M = 11), and in female patients statistically significantly lower (8.05 ± 0.32; m = 6, M = 13) than in male (8.83 ± 0.21; m = 5, M = 12), (p = 0.046). During the study period (1 year), in 39 patients (35 cases from the group taking cortexin and 4 cases from the placebo group), seizures did not recur. The study proved a fairly high (72.9%) effectiveness of cortexin in improving the mental and emotional states of patients with epilepsy. didn't repeat themselves.

Conclusions. The inclusion of cortexin in the interictal period in the treatment regimen allows you to achieve a thymoleptic effect and prolong the remission of epileptic seizures.
Features of pathogenesis and ways of anemia correction in patients with diseases of the upper gastrointestinal tract
Authors: Rybina O. V. , Sakhin V. T. , Gubkin A. V. , Kryukov E. V. , Rukavitsyn O. A.
Published: June 2022

Anemia is a frequently diagnosed complication in patients with various diseases of the esophagus and stomach, which negatively affects the quality of life and aggravates the course of the prior disease. There are three main mechanisms for reducing hemoglobin in the pathology of the upper gastrointestinal tract: bleeding, malabsorption, chronic inflammation. A combination of pathogenetic factors often leads to anemia associated with a deficiency of both iron and vitamin B complex. Anemia of chronic diseases is less common.

Material and methods. 38 people with diseases of the esophagus and stomach were examined: 20 women and18 men. The average age was 70 years old. All patients were divided into groups according to the diagnosed variant of anemia: iron deficiency anemia (IDA), anemia of chronic diseases (ACD) and a combination of IDA and ACD, as well as by the type of therapy performed (therapy with iron preparations, B vitamins and treatment of the prior disease).

Results. A comparative analysis of the hematopoietic lineage indices before and after the treatment was performed. A clinically significant increase in hemoglobin, erythrocytes and erythrocyte indices was observed in patients with IDA who received parenteral therapy with iron preparations, as well as combined treatment with iron preparations and B vitamins. In the ACD and ACD + IDA groups, there were no significant changes in the parameters of the hematopoietic lineage in any of the therapy variants.

Conclusion. The effect of the treatment was found only in patients with IDA who received parenteral therapy with iron preparations. The rest treatment options did not show a positive effect on the dynamics of blood indices in any of the groups. Perhaps a longer follow-up and an increase in the sample of patients will allow creating an effective individualized algorithm for anemia therapy.
Investigating purchase intention for skin care products in Bangladesh: The role of personal factors
Authors: DAS Samir , SABBIR Md. Mahiuddin , ZOHORA Fatema-Tuz , RAHMAN Md. Shahinur
Published: June 2022

This study investigates how personal factors influence buying intention for skincare products in Bangladesh. This study employs a structured questionnaire to gather information from a sample of 318 respondents. Multivariate analysis (e.g., factor analysis, multiple regression) was used to examine the data. The study’s outcomes revealed that three personal factors: self-image, ageing effect, and physical attractiveness, have a significant impact, while the health consciousness factor does not have a considerable influence on consumers' intention to buy skincare goods. The study adds value in two unique areas; First, it reaffirms the importance of personal considerations in skin care product purchases in Bangladesh. Second, it supplies marketers with information to help them better understand consumers' purchase intention for skincare goods.
Edukasi pada ibu tentang ASI ekslusif sebagai upaya pencegahan ISPA pada bayi
Authors: Fitri Yulia , Suryana Suryana , Nurbaiti Nurbaiti
Published: June 2022

ISPA merupakan salah satu penyakit dengan prevalensi yang tinggi, khususnya banyak terjadi pada bayi. Salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan ISPA pada bayi adalah cakupan pemberian ASI ekslusif yang masih rendah. Kandungan zat gizi yang lengkap dan antibodi yang ada pada ASI berperan penting dalam pencegahan penyakit pada bayi, khususnya ISPA. Salah satu cara meningkatkan cakupan ASI ekslusif adalah dengan Edukasi/penyuluhan tentang ASI ekslusif pada ibu yang mempunyai bayi. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuasi eksperimen, dengan pendekatan pre-postest observational, untuk mengkaji pengaruh pemberian penyuluhan terhadap tingkat pengetahuan ibu. Hasil pengabdian ini menunjukkan bahwa Ada pengaruh pemberian penyuluhan terhadap tingkat pengetahuan ibu (p < 0,05). Ada pengaruh pemberian penyuluhan terhadap tingkat pengetahuan ibu.
Pelatihan pemberian makanan bayi dan anak (pmba) bagi kader posyandu di Gampong Cot Leusong Kecamatan Jeumpa Kabupaten Bireuen
Authors: Fadjri T. Khairul , Irwan Irwan
Published: June 2022

Pemberian makan yang terlalu dini dan tidak tepat mengakibatkan banyak anak yang menderita kurang gizi. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan pemantauan pertumbuhan sejak lahir secara rutin dan berkesinambungan. Pendampingan oleh orang yang terdekat dalam hal ini termasuk kader posyandu sangat dibutuhkan. Metode dalam pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilakukan melalui pelatihan tentang Pemberian Makanan Bayi dan Anak (PMBA) dengan suatu proses pelatihan menggunakan standar kurikulum dengan modul pelatihan Pemberian Makan Bayi dan Anak (PMBA) selama 3 hari (24 jam) dengan materi pelatihan yang telah disesuaikan untuk kader posyandu. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan Setelah mengikuti pelatihan pemberian makanan bayi dan anak kemudian pendampingan praktek pengolahannya diketahui tingkat pengetahuan kader posyandu tentang  ASI Ekslusif dan MP-ASI di Gampong Cot Leusong Kecamatan Jeumpa Kabupaten Bireuen meningkat. Selain itu ketrampilan kader dalam pemantauan pertumbuhan serta konseling pada keluarga Bayi dan Anak di Gampong Cot Leusong Kecamatan Jeumpa Kabupaten Bireuen juga meningkat.
Pelatihan penyusunan menu B2SA (beragam, bergizi, seimbang dan aman) berbasis pangan lokal di desa Bung Sidom Kecamatan Blang Bintang Kabupaten Aceh Besar
Authors: Rachmawati Rachmawati , Novita Rosi , Fitriyaningsih Eva , Erwandi Erwandi
Published: June 2022

Penyusunan menu keluarga yang beragam, bergizi, seimbang dan aman (B2SA) diarahkan pada pemanfaatan pangan lokal dan hasil pekarangan. Edukasi gizi berupa pelatihan penyusunan menu sesuai prinsip gizi seimbang pada ibu sangat diperlukan mengingat ibu merupakan ujung tombak perbaikan gizi keluarga. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat berupa pelatihan penyusunan menu B2SA dilakukan pada bulan Oktober 2018 dengan kelompok sasaran adalah ibu-ibu di Desa Bung Sidom Kecamatan Blang Bintang Kabupaten Aceh Besar sebanyak 20 orang ibu. Evaluasi kegiatan menggunakan kuisioner post test menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar ibu mempunyai pengetahuan baik (85%) tentang penyusunan menu B2SA berbasis pangan lokal, dan pengetahuan ibu tentang penyusunan menu B2SA berbasis pangan lokal meningkat sebesar 10% setelah pelatihan
Sosialisasi pola makan dan sedentari dalam mencegah masalah obesitas pada anak sekolah dasar di Kota Banda Aceh
Authors: Al Rahmad Agus Hendra , Fadjri T. Khairul , Fitri Yulia , Muliyani Nunung Sri
Published: June 2022

Obesitas pada anak merupakan masalah,akibat etiologi yang kompleks dan multi faktor. Penanganan obesitas anak haruslah terpadu antara semua aspek etiologi. Semakin dini penanganan obesitas pada anak akan memberikan hasil yang lebih baik. Pengabmas bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan anak sekolah dasar melalui sosialisasi asupan makan dan sedentari dalam antisipasi masalah obesitas. Metode pelaksanaan mengacu kedalam model atau bentuk pendidikan dan pelayanan kepada masyarakat. Pelaksanaan pada tahun 2018 di beberapa Sekolah Dasar di Kota Banda Aceh. Sasaran yaitu anak-anak sekolah dasar sebanyak 60 orang. Data dikumpulkan secara wawancara dan pengukuran antropometri. Analis digunaka untuk mengukur keberhasilan kegiatan yaitu menggunajan uji t-dependent. Hasil menunjukkan pengetahuan anak SD antara sebelum diberikan leaflet dengan setelah diberikan leaflet mempunyai selisih rerata sebesar 2,6 dengan deviasinya 2,95. Hasil statistik menunjukan terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara pengetahuan anak setelah mendapatkan informasi melalui leaflet dengan nilai p=0,001 (p-value < 0,05). Kesimpulan, sosialiasi melalui pemberian lealfet untuk mengatisipasi kegemukan pada anak SD menujukan pengaruh yang bermakna untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan anak SD balita dalam hal memantau pertumbuhan.
Perbaikan gizi pada ibu hamil kekurangan energi kronis (KEK) melalui pendampingan pemberian makanan tambahan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Lampisang Aceh Besar
Authors: Iskandar Iskandar , Rachmawati Rachmawati , Ichsan Ichsan , Khazanah Wiqayatun
Published: June 2022

Kekurangan energi kronis (KEK) merupakan  masalah gizi yang terjadi pada ibu hamil, penyebabnya konsumsi dan ketersediaan pangan keluarga yang kurang. Dampak dari KEK ini sangat luas, maka perlu upaya penangulangannya dengan Pemberian Makanan Tambahan (PMT) dan pendampingan agar asupan gizi menjadi optimal sehingga status gizi menjadi normal. Metode pengabdian yang dilakukan dengan penapisan gizi, PMT, dan KIE. Hasil penapisan gizi dengan pengkukuran Lingkar Lengan Atas (LLA), dari 42 ibu hamil terdapat  8 ibu hamil yang mengalami KEK (19%). Semua ibu hamil KEK mengalami gangguan makan seperti kurang nafsu makan, mual dan muntah. Asupan makanan dari PMT selama pendampingan reratanya masih dibawah 80% kecukupan, namun ada peningkatan secara bertahap kearah lebih baik (53,5%, 62,8% dan 66,6%). Rerata berat badan sebelum  pendampingan  48,9 kg, dan setelah pendampingan terjadi kenaikan menjadi 50,1 kg. Sedangkan lingkar lengan atas sebelum dari rerata 22,1 cm naik menjadi 23,2 cm. Kesimpulan, terdapat dampak dari pendampingan gizi terhadap peningkatan asupan gizi, peningkatan berat badan dan penambahan ukuran lingkar lengan atas pada ibu hamil KEK.
UTILIZAÇÃO DE PODCAST PARA EDUCAÇÃO EM ESTOMATERAPIA DURANTE A PANDEMIA DE COVID-19
Authors: Carvalho Sabrina de Oliveira , Silva Gabriela Alves de Araújo da , Moura Mayara Callado Silva , Santos Bruna Karoline Ivo , Medeiros Alynne Maria de Brito , Duarte Greice Miranda , Vasconcelos Cláudia Daniella Avelino , Silva Grazielle Roberta Freitas da
Published: June 2022

Objetivo:Descrever a experiência de acadêmicas de Enfermagem a respeito da utilização de podcast para educação em estomaterapia durante a pandemia de Covid-19. Método: Relato de experiência acerca de atividade de educação em saúde realizada entre junho e outubro de 2021, que descreve a criação de um canal de podcaste a divulgação de conteúdos em estomaterapia. Resultados: Foram realizados 16 episódios abordando as três áreas de estudo da estomaterapia, um introdutório, oito sobre feridas, quatro sobre estomias e três sobre incontinências. Conclusão: Com a utilização do podcast para disseminar conteúdos em estomaterapia, observaram-se a praticidade e o custo-benefício da tecnologia para implementar educação em saúde a distância.
Introduction and studying of the species polymorphism in the almond genetic diversity preserved at Krymsk Experiment Breeding Station of VIR in the prebreeding stage
Authors: Chepinoga I. S.
Published: June 2022

Modern trends and ways of resuming and increasing the production of domestic almond kernels based on the development of cultivars that have advantages in adaptability, productivity, and kernel quality, and are distinguished for a quick payback are discussed. The results of VIR’s expeditions that collected almond species and varieties in Southern Russia, the Transcaucasus, and Central Asia are presented. Almonds introduced from foreign research institutions are also described.

Analytical selection helped to identify complex sources of resistance to abiotic factors: ‘Victoria’ (k-42684), ‘Meteor’ (k-42683), ‘Dessertny’ (k-43550), Ai-Dere No.4 (k-42676), Ai-Dere No.5 (k-42677), Kolod 6 (k-42709), Podvoyny 205 (k-42678), ‘Tuono’ (k-49598), and Ferraduel × Tuono (k-43561). Promising source material is recommended for targeted development of new competitive almond cultivars for intensive horticulture, including sources of restrained growth type, compact crown, and earliness: Ferraduel × Tuono, ‘Monterey’(k-49538), elite 1-18-2 (k-42679), elite 2-40 (k-42680), and Kalmykov’s almond seedling 1-1 (k-42711); of productivity and almond kernel quality: Ferraduel × Tuono, ‘Monterey’, ‘Victoria’, ‘Meteor’, ‘Mindalny’ (k-42682), ‘Ferragness’ (k-42696), ‘Tuono’, ‘Karmeil’ (k-49540), elite 1-18-2, and Kalmykov’s almond seedling 1-1; of high oil content in kernels: elite 13-37 (k-42681); and of valuable fatty acid composition (according to the content of unsaturated fatty acids): cv. ‘Victoria’, elites 1-18-2 and 2-40, and Kolod 5 (k-42708).
Analysis of the data obtained while studying European plum (Prunus domestica L.) cultivars developed at Maikop Experiment Station of VIR
Authors: Sherstobitov V. V. , Bandurko I. A. , Ozerski P. V.
Published: June 2022

Background. European plum (Prunus domestica L.) is one of the leading stone fruit crops cultivated in Southern Russia. Therefore, it is very important to study the adaptability of its cultivars comprehensively.

Materials and methods. European plum cultivars with different maturation periods developed at Maikop Experiment Station of VIR were studied in 2008–2021 under the conditions of the field gene bank of Maikop Experiment Station. The calendar dates were recorded for the passage of the important phenological phases. Productivity, commercial and consumer fruit qualities, and fruit weight were assessed using conventional techniques.

Results. The growing season of the studied plum cultivars started from March 15 (‘Vengerka Maikopskaya’, k-15081) to April 16 (‘Spurochka’, k-43477). The beginning of flowering was recorded from April 9 (‘Vengerka Maikopskaya’) to April 22 (‘Vengerka Tsitvenbyul’, k-43331). The flowering phase duration was 7 to 10 days. The flowering phase started later for cvs. ‘Vengerka Maikopchanka’ (k-43326), ‘Vengerka Sladkaya’ (k-43329), ‘Vengerka Tsitvenbyul’, ‘Vengerka Shuntuchka’ (k-43334) and ‘Lakomka’ (k-43471). Mass fruit ripening was observed from August 5 to September 9. The highest fruit flavor score was recorded for cvs. ‘Arvita 44-4-10’ (k-28409), ‘Vengerka Vkusnaya’ (k-43323), ‘Vengerka Sladkaya’, ‘Vengerka MOS VIR’ (k-15080), ‘Vengerka Shuntukskaya’ (k-15079), ‘Izmamot’ (k-48408) and ‘Chernosliv Adygeiskiy’ (k-23743). Large-fruited cultivars were: ‘Chernosliv Adygeiskiy’, ‘Chernosliv Predgorny’ (k-43488), ‘Arvita 44-4-10’, ‘Vengerka Vkusnaya’, ‘Vengerka MOS VIR’ and ‘Vengerka Maikopskaya’. Higher productivity was observed in cvs. ‘Vengerka Sladkaya’, ‘Chernosliv Adygeiskiy’ and ‘Chernosliv Shuntukskiy’ (k-23707). Cultivars with the most stable productivity were ‘Arvita 44-4-10’, ‘Vengerka Sladkaya’ and ‘Chernosliv Adygeiskiy’.

Conclusions. Analyzing the results of a long-term study of plum accessions helped to identify cultivars with the most valuable traits.
Allelic diversity of the FaOMT gene (mesifurane biosynthesis) in promising strawberry cultivars and selected forms developed at the I.V. Michurin Federal Science Center
Authors: Lyzhin A. S. , Luk’yanchuk I. V.
Published: June 2022

Background. Fruit aroma is an important consumer trait of strawberry varieties. Identification of genotypes carrying the genes of the aromatic complex in fruits is an important stage in the development of new cultivars with aromatic fruits. The purpose of this study was to analyze the allelic state of the FaOMT fruit aroma gene in strawberry cultivars and selected forms developed at the I.V. Michurin Federal Science Center to identify promising genotypes for use in breeding for fruit aroma.

Materials and methods. The research materials were strawberry cultivars and promising selected forms developed at the I.V. Michurin FSC using the methods of introgressive and intervarietal hybridization. Allelic state of the FaOMT gene was identified with the codominant marker FaOMT-SI/NO.

Results and conclusion. The FaOMT fruit aroma gene is represented in the studied strawberry varieties and forms by three combinations of alleles: the homozygous state of the functional allele, the heterozygous combination of the alleles, and the homozygous state of the nonfunctional allele. Cvs. ‘Rubinovy kaskad’, ‘Privlekatelnaya’ and ‘Feyerverk’ are characterized by a heterozygous combination of alleles of the FaOMT gene. Cvs. ‘Lastochka’, ‘Pamyati Zubova’, ‘Flora’, ‘Yarkaya’ and ‘Urozhaynaya CGL’ are characterized by the homozygous state of the FaOMT+ allele. Selected strawberry forms 928-12, 26-5, 72-71 and 62-41 have the heterozygous genotype; hybrids 298-19-9-43 and 932-29 are characterized by the homozygous state of the FaOMT+ allele; selected forms 61-12 and 65-26 are characterized by the homozygous state of the nonfunctional FaOMT– allele. Strawberry forms promising for breeding, with the homozygous state of the functional FaOMT+ allele, were identified: cvs. ‘Lastochka’, ‘Pamyati Zubova’, ‘Flora’, ‘Yarkaya’ and ‘Urozhaynaya CGL’, and selected forms 298-19-9-43 and 932-29.
Breeding columnar apple-tree cultivars for supercompact growth habit
Authors: Korneeva S. A. , Sedov E. N. , Yanchuk T. V.
Published: June 2022

This work was based on the combinatorial breeding technique using donors of the columnar growth type (Co gene), sources of winter hardiness and high consumer qualities, and scab immunity donors (Rvi6 gene). The selection in the columnar apple-tree hybrid progeny was accompanied by the assessment of growth vigor, compactness degree, and seedling cultivability in accordance with the guidelines.

Due to the increasing popularity of apple trees with the columnar crown type, the volume of breeding work for columnar growth  habit  at  the  Russian  Research  Institute  of  Fruit  Crop  Breeding  (VNIISPK)  over  the  past  9 years  amounted  to 133,582 flowers, or one third of the entire hybridization envisaged by the apple-tree breeding program. Meticulous selection of parent forms is carried out in order to incorporate a set of useful traits in the columnar growth habit genotype. Both cultivars and hybrid forms serve as sources and donors of the traits interesting for breeders. All the studied cultivars released by VNIISPK are dwarf: their height is within the range from 287 cm (cv. ‘Priokskoe’) to 198 cm (cv. ‘Orlovskaya Yesenia’), and they can be recommended for both commercial plantations and amateur gardens. The columnar form 34-34-98 is characterized by a unique degree of compactness (the ratio of the internode length to the shoot diameter) equal to 0.4 versus the average value of 1.6 for this indicator in the studied columnar cultivars. This form was involved in the release of 78 promising hybrid seedlings, the best of which (38.5%) were transferred to the garden for primary variety trials. A large yield of seedlings characterized by high compactness in the progeny of the columnar apple tree 34-34-98 makes it possible to recommend it for the development of new apple-tree genotypes for highly cost-effective orchards with high tree planting density.
Improvement of the grapevine gene pool on the basis of agrobiological and physio-biochemical assessment of new genotypes under the unstable moderate continental climate conditions of Southern Russia
Authors: Petrov V. S. , Mishko A. E. , Tsiku D. M. , Marmorshtein A. A.
Published: June 2022

Background. Development of table grape cultivars is currently aimed not only at higher vineyard productivity and grape quality but also at enhancing the adaptive potential of plants under the dynamic change in the climate conditions of Southern Russia. Increasing the share of modern Russian cultivars of table grapes will update and improve the assortment. The aim of this study was to evaluate new Russian hybrid grapevine forms according to their agrobiological, physiological and biochemical characteristics in the central agroecological zone of Krasnodar Territory.

Materials and methods. Agrobiological characters were assessed using modern methods. Among physio-biochemical characters, the content of photosynthetic pigments was measured as well as the level of stress parameters under drought, such as the total water content in leaves and the content of malondialdehyde. Artificial drought was simulated to identify the most stress-resistant hybrid forms.

Results. The highest values of fruitfulness coefficients k1 and k2 in the period of research were recorded for the Akello and Agat Dubovsky hybrid forms. Timoti and Agat Dubovsky had the maximum average yield for two years among the hybrid forms. The Gamlet, Kishmish Dubovsky, Agat Dubovsky and Timoti genotypes significantly exceeded the reference cultivar in the bunch weight. The Akello and Agat Dubovsky hybrids were identified for their physio-biochemical parameters: the highest content of chlorophyll in their leaves, high adaptive potential expressed in a low development level of secondary oxidative processes under stress, and the highest content of carotenoids.

Conclusion. The obtained results evidenced that the Agat Dubovsky hybrid form could be identified as the most promising among the studied genotypes for cultivation in Southern Russia.
The efficiency of some post-emergence herbicides for controlling problematic weeds of lawn areas
Authors: Gürbüz R. , Alptekin H.
Published: June 2022

This study was carried out to determine the effectiveness of some herbicides on weed species and weed population in the landscape area of Iğdır University Şehit Bülent Yurtseven Campus in 2021. In the study, herbicides with active ingredients, 2,4-D amine, Bromoxynil + MCPA, 2,4-D tri-isopropyl amine salt + Picloram, dicamba + triasulfuron, 2,4-D EHE + florasulam, Halosulfuron-methyl and Fluazifop-p-butyl as well as Bromoxynil + MCPA + dicamba + triasulfuron and 2,4-D amine + Fluazifop-p-butyl herbicide mixtures were used. The percentage effects of the herbicides applied in the study on weed dry weights, weed species, and the percentage effects of herbicides on these weed species were determined according to the 3 counts made at certain intervals for the weed species with a density of 1 weeds/m2 and above in the census.

As a result of the study, a total of 14 weed species belonging to 8 families were determined in the trial area. Of these detected weed species, Trifolium  repens L (5.49 weed/m2),  Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. (3.24 weed/m2),  Trifolium  pratense L.  (1.23 weed/m2), Melilotus albus Medik. (1.07 weed/m2) and Convolvulus arvensis L. (1.03 weed/m2), the density of 5 of them was determined as 1 weeds/m2 and above. As a result of the study, the lowest weed dry weights (2.12 g/m2) and the highest percentage effect (94.50%) were obtained in the 2,4-D tri-isopropyl amine salt + Picloram plots. The percentage effects of the herbicides applied in the study on the weed species varied according to the weed species and the herbicides used.
Impacts of the olive fruit fly on the ‘Cyprus Local’ and ‘Gemlik’ olive cultivars
Authors: Helvaci M. , Kahramanoğlu İ.
Published: June 2022

The objective of this study was to investigate damage rate and impact of Bactrocera oleae on olive oil quality on the ‘Cyprus Local’ and ‘Gemlik’ cultivars in Northern Cyprus. This study included 11 olive groves which were located in two different districts. A total of 11 olive groves from two separate cities (Güzelyurt and Girne) were selected during the maturity time where cvs, ‘Cyprus Local’ and ‘Gemlik’ are grown intensively. Two hundred and fifty fruits (25 fruits/10 trees) were randomly selected from each orchard and the damaged fruits were counted. These data were compared with the environmental conditions to determine relationships among the damage rates and environmental conditions.

The results showed that the damage rate of olive fruit fly had a moderate correlation with the temperature, while the temperatures above 20°C were found to provoke the highest damage rate on both cultivars. Moreover, the results showed that cv. ‘Cyprus Local’ is more sensitive to olive fruit fly damage, especially at higher temperatures. An important result of the current work is that an increase in the damage rate raises the acidity ratio of the fruits and reduces the fruit quality.
Comparison of methods for selecting a promising walnut gene pool according to fruit quality
Authors: Biganova S. G. , Sukhorukikh Yu. I. , Pchikhachev E. K.
Published: June 2022

Background. Walnut (Juglans regia L.) is considered a particularly valuable plant for humans. A number of methods have been developed to select the species’ gene pool that produces high-quality fruits. Breeders need to know which of them ensures identification of the best ancestors. The objective of this work was to compare the effectiveness of the most frequently used techniques for selecting a valuable gene pool according to taste, extractability, weight, kernel yield, and overall fruit score. They were presented in the Program and Methods for Walnut Breeding (method 1) and the Program and Methodology of Variety Studies for Fruit, Berry and Nut Crops (method 2).

Materials and methods. Statistical data processing was performed using the licensed Stadia-8 software.

Results. Comparing the results with the program requirements for new cultivars, all the ancestors selected according to method 1 had better taste and higher kernel weight, while according to method 2 12.5% of the forms showed lower values. The recommended kernel yield of 50% or more turned out to be lower than the threshold value in 14.29% (method 1) and 62.5% (method 2) of the selected ramets. Evaluation by to method 1 showed that the group of the “superior quality” breeding category had higher average values in taste (by 3.63%), weight (7.86%), extractability (4.25%), and kernel yield (9.9%). When selecting the first-rank forms by method 1, the values were higher in extractability (by 0.25%), weight (5.26%), taste (3.09%), kernel yield (7.55%), and overall score (7.61%). In the average values for the first-rank and second-rank forms, the excess was by 4.44, 21.91, 4.75, 9.67, and 9.86%, respectively.

Conclusions. When selecting a promising walnut gene pool, method 1 provides for stricter selection and higher food quality indicators (taste, extractability, weight, kernel yield, and overall fruit score) compared to method 2.
Leaf spot resistance in sweet and sour cherries
Authors: Lenivtseva M. S. , Kuznetsova A. P. , Radchenko E. E.
Published: June 2022

Background. Cherry leaf spot (caused by the fungus Coccomyces hiemalis Higg.) has been one of the most harmful diseases of stone fruits for many years. The increasing genetic homogeneity of plant forms used in breeding promotes the acceleration of the pathogen’s adaptive microevolution and the overcoming of previously effective resistance genes. The structure of C. hiemalis populations from Krasnodar Territory in terms of their virulence to a set of differentiators and the effectiveness of new leaf spot resistance donors were studied.

Materials and methods. The polymorphism in three populations of the fungus was assessed by the frequencies of virulence phenotypes which were identified using six differentiators. The resistance of new distant hybrids to 50 monopustular isolates was assessed in laboratory experiments.

Results and conclusions. Five phenotypes of the fungus, differing in virulence to six cherry genotypes, were identified. An increase was observed in the frequencies of virulence phenotypes capable of strongly affecting donors used in breeding for resistance. Five hybrids are proposed to expand the genetic diversity of sour and sweet cherry cultivars resistant to C. hiemalis: 3-61-4-139, 3-39-5-47, 3-107-6-28, AI 5 B-D-2-4-27, and 3-76. They are protected by the leaf spot resistance genes that have been transferred from Prunus serrulata Lindl. The alleles of the resistance genes in these plants are not identical to the resistance alleles in the genotypes Seyanets No. 1, Mutant 561, ‘Almaz’, Kusumkent 8, Vetrovoe 11 (P. kurilensis Miyabe), and BG-35 (P. sargentii Rehd.), all used in breeding. Seedling 3-20-5-23 (P. serrulata × Northstar) was not resistant to a number of C. hiemalis clones. It is assumed that this genotype and Vetrovoe 11 (P. kurilensis) are protected by identical alleles of resistance genes, which differ from the alleles present in the five new hybrid forms.
Observations of the views of university students on agricultural production
Authors: Helvacı M. , Cebeci E. , Aşkın M. A.
Published: June 2022

In this study, an attempt was made to examine the perspective of university students and their family members on the agricultural sector, the value they attach to agriculture and their own lands, the level of knowledge and awareness of the agricultural sector where they are engaged in production activities and make a living, and the importance they attribute to the sustainability of agriculture. In addition, the production activities of farmers and their membership in cooperatives or unions were also examined. The surveys conducted by interviewing a total of 200 participants representing university students and their family members within the scope of the research constituted the target material of this study. The obtained survey data were examined and tables containing frequency and percentage parameters were prepared and tried to be interpreted. According to the results of the research, a significant majority of the participants attribute importance to the integrity of the land and believe that agriculture is indispensable. Besides, considering the importance of the agricultural sector and the existing agricultural land, there is a substantial proportion of participants who do not see any harm in non-agricultural use of their lands and state that they will give up their lands in a possible situation.
Results of sea buckthorn breeding in the Southern Urals
Authors: Vasiliev A. A. , Gasimov F. M. , Ilyin V. S.
Published: June 2022

Cultivation of adaptive fruit and berry crop varieties ensures environmental sustainability of horticulture. In the period of 2016–2020, sea buckthorn cultivars developed in Chelyabinsk and the Altai were assessed for adaptability, environmental plasticity, and stability under the conditions of Chelyabinsk Province. Sea buckthorn cultivars of local breeding appeared most adapted to the conditions of the Southern Urals. Among them, 1 accession was of the intensive type: 18-42-41 (70,4 ц/га; bi = 1,51; Si 2 = 4,9); 9 cultivars combined environmental plasticity and stability: ‘Yantarnoye ozherelye’ (7.74 t/ha; bi = 0,89; Si 2 = 8,5), 18-41-27n (7.17 t/ha; bi = 1.09; Si 2 = 3.1), ‘Chelyabinskaya’ (7.07 t/ha; bi = 0.98; Si 2 = 7.1), 18-42-40n (7.07 t/ha; bi = 1.01; Si 2 = 12.0), ‘Koster’ (7.04 t/ha; bi = 1.06; Si 2 = 8.9), ‘Damskiye palchiki’ (6.88 t/ha; bi = 0.72; Si 2 = 1.1), ‘Karotinnaya’ (6.85 t/ha; bi = 0.92; Si 2 = 6.1), 18-6-22 (6.78 t/ha; bi = 0.83; Si 2 = 7.7), and 18-6-18n (6.75 t/ha; bi = 0.86; Si 2 = 3.9); and 6 accessions were of the neutral type: ‘Lisichka’ (6.91 t/ha; bi = 0.51; Si 2 = 15.9), 18-2-38 (6.78 t/ha; bi = 0.49; Si 2 = 3,6), ‘Fantaziya’ (6.69 t/ha; bi = 0.69; Si 2 = 0.7), ‘Solnyshko’ (6.66 t/ha; bi = 0.69; Si 2 = 3.0), ‘Ryzhik’ (6.46 t/ha; bi = 0.63; Si 2 = 3.6), and 18-40-27 (6.40 t/ha; bi = 0.52; Si 2 = 4.4). The studied sea buckthorn cultivars bred in the Altai belong to the intensive-type genotypes: ‘Chuyskaya’ (5.22 t/ha; bi = 1.88), ‘Prevoskhodnaya’ (5.18 t/ha; bi = 1.55), ‘Obilnaya’ (5.09 t/ha; bi = 1.37), ‘Panteleevskaya’ (4.77 t/ha; bi = 1.51), and ‘Lyubimaya’ (4.16 t/ha; bi = 1.31). Their cultivation in Chelyabinsk Province is possible only with advanced agricultural practices.
Description of the genetic collection of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) cultivars according to the components of their fruit antioxidant complex
Authors: Zhbanova E. V. , Luk’yanchuk I. V.
Published: June 2022

Background. Quality indicators, medicinal and prophylactic properties of strawberry fruits are largely determined by their chemical composition. In order to improve the breeding work, it is necessary to look for the sources of high-level accumulation of macro- and micronutrients in fruits.

Materials and methods. Fruits of 101 accessions from the genetic collection of introduced foreign and domestic cultivars, elite and selected forms held by the I.V. Michurin Federal Science Center were used as the target research material. All of them were grown on the experimental plantations from 1994 through 2020. Their chemical composition (ascorbic acid and anthocyanin contents) was analyzed at the Laboratory of Biochemistry and Food Technologies according to the standard methods.

Results and conclusions. The ranges of variability in the accumulation of primary components of the antioxidant complex in strawberry fruits in the environments of the Central Black Earth Region (Michurinsk) were measured: 30.1–102.3 mg/100 g for ascorbic acid and 3.6–124.5 mg/100 g for anthocyanins. The cultivars were ranked according to the analyzed chemical components. A majority of them were classified into the group with average vitamin C content (50.1–90.0 mg/100 g). The largest part (85.6%) of the studied cultivars accumulated anthocyanins within the range of 30.0–70.0 mg/100 g. Valuable genotypes with high levels of ascorbic acid (above 90.1 mg/100 g) were identified: cvs. ‘Kokinskaya zarya’, ‘Lirovidnaya’, ‘Sudarushka’ and ‘Zephyr’. As for anthocyanins (above 90.1 mg/100 g), cvs. ‘Alena’, ‘Istochnik’, ‘Pamyati Zubova’, ‘Privlecatelnaya’, ‘Rubinovy kulon’, ‘Torpeda’ and ‘Feyerverk’, plus the elite seedling 56-5 (“Rubinovy kaskad”), showed the best results. The identified genotypes are of interest both for consumers, as they yield highly vitaminized fresh fruits, and for breeders as source material for the development of cultivars with improved chemical composition.
Sea buckthorn cultivars promising for mechanized harvesting by cutting fruit-bearing branches
Authors: Zubarev Yu A. , Gunin A. V. , Panteleeva E. I. , Vorobyeva A. V.
Published: June 2022

Background. Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) is the main berry crop in the horticultural production of Altai Territory and occupies the largest growing area among berries in Russia. Meanwhile, further expansion of commercial plantations is limited by known bottlenecks in harvesting. In this context, new technological solutions in harvest mechanization are considered one of the primary tasks. A promising way is the cutting of fruit-bearing branches. At the same time, the development of cultivars suitable for such harvesting technique is very important.

Materials and methods. Thirteen cultivars and selected forms of sea buckthorn developed at the Federal Altai Scientific Center of Agro-Biotechnologies were taken as research material. To evaluate the productivity of top branches, three of them with a length of 70–100 cm were cut from the plants of each accession. Fruit detachment force was assessed using a Dina-2 device. Dispersion analysis was applied for statistical interpretation.

Results. Productivity of top branches as well as agronomic and biological characteristics of sea buckthorn fruits were studied. Accessions 87-93-1, 111-05-3 and 378-06-1 were identified for high productivity of their top branches and for predomination of the generative part over the vegetative one. The highest number of berries per bud (5.4–5.9 pieces) was observed in accessions 87-93-4, 32-01-1, 378-06-1 and 111-05-3. Cv. ‘Afina’ demonstrated for its high level of vegetative and generative productivity. Selected forms 111-05-3, 32-01-1 and 4-93-11 with low fruit detachment force (136.8–155.1 g) are promising for shaking without prior freezing.

Conclusion. Selected forms 111-05-3, 378-06-1 and 32-01-1 were recognized as most promising for harvesting by branch cutting.
Some phytochemicals and sugar contents of black mulberry (Morus nigra L.) genotypes from Simav District, Kütahya Province, Turkey
Authors: Okatan V. , Gündeşli M. A. , Melyanovskaya A. Yu. , Panfilova O. V. , Krasova N. G.
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this research was to determine the biochemical contents in black (Morus nigra L.) mulberry genotypes grown in Kütahya Province. Total soluble solids content, pH, titratable acidity, total phenolics, vitamin C, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and soluble sugars (fructose, glucose, and sucrose) of black mulberry genotypes were determined at the end of the study. The highest total phenolics value was detected in SIM02 (2995.16 mg GAE g-1). The SIM03 genotype had the highest vitamin C content of 31.34 mg 100 g-1. The study indicated that radical scavenging activity (DPPH) of 19.05 (SIM03) was the highest. In terms of the most valuable chemical composition, the SIM01, SIM02 and SIM03 genotypes can be suggested and used for future breeding reasons. It is desirable to take actions in Turkey to conduct an extensive conservation program for Morus nigra biodiversity.
Study of the chemical composition of argan oil according to the shape of the fruit
Authors: Hilali M. , El Hammari L. , El Monfalouti H. , Maata N. , Kartah B. E.
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of phenotypic diversity of argan fruit with different morphological characteristics (fusiform, oval, apiculate and spherical) on fat and protein content, inflexibility and fat chemical composition, oil acids and sterols. To investigate the links of argan fruit shape with the chemical composition of argan oil, with the help of native communities, 4 different fruit shapes (fusiform, apiculate, spherical and oval) were selected, which were harvested from the same place (Tamanar) in Essaouira province (South Plain region, Western Morocco). After harvesting the fruit of the argan tree, 100 samples were taken from each form. They were crushed to destroy the core. After extraction of hexane with Soxhlet, fat content, protein level, unsaponifiable content, composition of fatty acids and sterols in fat were determined. The results showed that the oval shape is the best shape of argan fruit because their kernels contain more than 50% fat and a higher percentage of unsaponifiables. The results on fatty acids and sterols showed that argan oil contained 80% of unsaturated fatty acids. The results also showed that the main products of the sterol composition in argan oil were schottenol (or Δ-7-stigmasterol) (42.8 and 46.4%) and spinasterol (39.8 and 45.6%). The study of the chemical composition showed that there was no correlation between the shape of the fruit of the argan tree and the composition of fatty acids. Depending on the shape of the argan fruit, fatty acids and sterols were not only related to the shape but also to the nature of the soil and its altitude, longitude and distance from the sea.
Improvement of the technique applied to preserve species and varieties of Fragaria L. in the field genebank at Krymsk Experiment Breeding Station of VIR
Authors: Podorozhniy V. N. , Piyanina N. A.
Published: June 2022

A collection of Fragaria L. species and varieties established at Krymsk Experiment Breeding Station of VIR has been preserved for a long time and regularly updated. An algorithm for the work with its accessions was proposed and tested in practice in the field genebank of the Station. It is presented as a scheme that includes the following collections: quarantine/identification, in vitro, pomological/botanical, in-depth research, and genetic. The accessions are sources and donors of traits important for breeding and represent the most valuable material for targeted crossings in programs developing and releasing strawberry cultivars, primarily garden ones.

The effectiveness of their utilization can be seen in the adaptable high-yielding cultivars developed at Krymsk Station in recent years: ‘Zenkora’ (Zenga-Zengana × Cardinal) was patented, and ‘Pelageya’ [Elizaveta II (clone Coroleva Elizaveta) × Irma] included in the State Register of the Russian Federation. All parents involved in the development of these cultivars were sources of useful agronomic traits identified in the genetic collection: ‘Zenga-Zengana’ (productivity and adaptability), ‘Cardinal’ (large fruit size and fruit density), ‘Elizaveta II’ (everbearing habit and drought resistance), and ‘Irma’ (productivity).

Physical conditions of plant cultivation and planting rates per area unit have been optimized at all stages of maintenance of strawberry accessions to support their good growth and development. Such technique ensures complete safety of healthy accessions representing pure cultivars and wild species with a possibility of using the genotypes preserved in the genetic collection in breeding practice.