bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Water-Content of Glacier-Ice: Limitations on Estimates from Velocity Analysis of Surface Ground-Penetrating Radar Surveys
Authors: Murray Tavi , Booth Adam , Rippin David M.
Published: August 2007

The rheology of ice is strongly controlled by its liquid water content. Since water content and its distribution also exert a strong control on radar propagation velocity and attenuation, this provides a potential remote technique for assessing ice-water content. A suite of surface ground-penetrating radar (GPR) surveys have been undertaken on two glaciers, Tsanfleuron Glacier in the European Alps and Bakaninbreen, Svalbard in order to determine their water content variation with depth. Common-offset surface radar profiling shows both glaciers have a two-layered structure, with a shallow layer characterised by low returned radar power and a deeper layer characterised by strong scattering. The thickness of these layers varies rapidly across the glaciers. In order to provide a robust interpretation of the properties of the layers within these glaciers we present a quantitative semblance analysis of two common midpoint surveys, making estimates of layer thickness and water content. This analysis includes a Monte Carlo estimate of the likely resolution of these estimates, as well as of the effects of the non-minimum-phase nature of the GPR wavelet. In Tsanfleuron Glacier, the shallow layer consists of relatively dry ice with an estimated water content of 1.18 [Formula: see text], whereas the deeper layer is interpreted as containing small water bodies, 3.90 [Formula: see text] by volume. At Bakaninbreen, the shallow layer contains no water and the deeper layer 1.29 [Formula: see text] water. At both glaciers the deeper layer will undoubtedly be rheologically softer, with implications for ice dynamics; furthermore, the layer will provide a store for a substantial water volume with important implications for the glacier’s water system. The uncertainty in the calculated water content is, however, significant in terms of ice dynamics, meaning that alternative methods of assessing water content, possibly using borehole radar, are required to provide the input for predictive models of glacier flow.
The Influence of High Frequency Uncorrelated Noise on First-Break Arrival Times and Crosshole Traveltime Tomography
Authors: Tronicke Jens
Published: August 2007

We investigate the influence of uncorrelated high frequency Gaussian noise on the accuracy and reliability of first-break arrival time picks. Using a reliable automatic picking algorithm based on the Akaike information criterion (AIC) and systematically noise contaminated synthetic data, allows us to develop a characteristic relation between the mis-pick (i.e., the error in the picked arrival time) and the signal-to-noise (S∕N) ratio for a specific waveform. For typical near-surface crosshole georadar survey setups, we further study the impact of such noise-related picking errors on tomographically reconstructed velocity images. Using synthetic and field data examples, results of tomographic inversions illustrate that significant velocity distortions can be introduced by noise-related mis-picking. In addition, we show that, under favorable conditions, it is possible to correct the noise-related picking errors prior to inversion.
Static and Dynamic Uncertainty Management for Probabilistic Production Forecast in Chuchupa Field, Colombia
Authors: Rivera Nestor , Meza Nestor , Kim Jeoung , Clark Peter , Garber Raymond , Fajardo Andres , Peña Victoria
Published: August 2007

Structural, stratigraphic, and petrophysical uncertainties result in a wide range of geologic interpretations. For fields with a long production and pressure history, 3D dynamic simulations have been very useful in providing feedback to geologic modelers, which results in improved static models. For this study, we developed an integrated static and dynamic workflow to create a range of probabilistic simulation models to forecast dry-gas production under several production scenarios in the Chuchupa field.

We selected eight geologic interpretations, representing the range of original gas in place (OGIP) and reservoir geometries determined in the static modeling, to perform dynamic history matches. The OGIP range of the models with very good history matches corresponds closely to the P10 to P90 OGIP range calculated from static modeling.

In addition, we calibrated the various models with historical bottomhole and tubinghead flowing pressures and coupled the reservoir model with a network consisting of surface lines and equipment, pipelines from two platforms to the onshore sale-point station, and multistage compression to 1,215 psia. The set of probabilistic models is currently used to evaluate various production and market scenarios.
Using Analytical Solutions in Compositional Streamline Simulation of a Field-Scale CO2-Injection Project in a Condensate Reservoir
Authors: Seto C. J. , Jessen K. , Orr F. M.
Published: August 2007

This paper applies compositional streamline simulation to model a real field-scale project that is a combination of enhanced condensate recovery and geologic storage of CO2. These processes are inherently compositional, and detailed compositional fluid descriptions must be used to represent the displacement behavior accurately. We demonstrate that compositional streamline simulation, along with the use of analytical solutions for condensate displacement, is computationally efficient enough to permit high resolution of spatial heterogeneity as well as detailed characterization of the fluid system.

We present a simulation study comparing streamline and finite-difference results for 2D and 3D examples to demonstrate that the compositional streamline method is an efficient computational method for modeling CO2 storage and condensate vaporization in gas reservoirs. Although the streamline method makes many simplifications regarding the effects of gravity and capillary crossflow, in heterogeneity-dominated systems such as the condensate system presented, comparison of finite-difference and streamline results confirms that these simplifications are reasonable.
An Improved Treatment of Long-Term Pressure Data for Capturing Information
Authors: Viberti Dario , Verga Francesca , Delbosco Paolo
Published: August 2007

Intelligent completions typically include permanent downhole gauges (PDGs) for continuous, real-time pressure and temperature monitoring. If applied adequately, such new technologies should allow anticipation of oil production and an increase of final recovery with respect to traditional completions. In fact, pressure data collected from PDGs represent essential information for understanding the dynamic behavior of the field and for reservoir surveillance. The potential drawback is that the number of data collected by PDGs can grow enormously, making it very difficult, if not impossible, to handle the entire pressure history as it was recorded. As a consequence, it might often be necessary to reduce the pressure measurements to a manageable size, though without losing any potential information contained in the recorded data.

As reported extensively in the literature, long-term data might be subject to different kinds of errors and noise and not be representative of the real system response. Before the data can be used for interpretation purposes, especially if pressure derivatives are to be calculated (for instance, in well-test analysis), an adequate filtering process should be applied.

Multistep procedures based on the wavelet analysis were presented in the literature for processing and interpreting long-term pressure data from PDGs. In this paper, an improved approach largely based on the wavelet algorithms is proposed and discussed for the treatment of pressure data.

All the steps of the procedure, namely outlier removal, denoising, transient identification, and data reduction, were applied to both synthetic and real pressure recordings. Results indicated that the application of the proposed approach allows identification of the actual reservoir response and subsequent interpretation of pressure data for an effective characterization of the reservoir behavior, even from very disturbed signals.
Effects of Matrix Shrinkage and Swelling on the Economics of Enhanced-Coalbed-Methane Production and CO2 Sequestration in Coal
Authors: Gorucu F. Burcu , Jikich Sinisha A. , Bromhal Grant S. , Sams W. Neal , Ertekin Turgay , Smith Duane H.
Published: August 2007

Increases in carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the atmosphere and their contributions to global climate change are a major concern. CO2 sequestration in unmineable coals may be a very attractive option, for economic as well as environmental reasons, if a combination of enhanced-coalbed-methane (ECBM) production and tax incentives becomes sufficiently favorable compared to the costs of capture, transport, and injection of CO2.

Darcy flow through cleats is an important transport mechanism in coal. Cleat compression and permeability changes caused by gas sorption/desorption, changes of effective stress, and matrix swelling and shrinkage introduce a high level of complexity into the feasibility of a coal sequestration project. The economic effects of CO2-induced swelling on permeabilities and injectivities has received little (if any) detailed attention.

CO2 and methane (CH4) have different swelling effects on coal. In this work, the Palmer-Mansoori model for coal shrinkage and permeability increases during primary methane production was rewritten to also account for coal swelling caused by CO2 sorption. The generalized model was added to a compositional, dual-porosity coalbed-methane reservoir simulator for primary (CBM) and ECBM production. A standard five-spot of vertical wells and representative coal properties for Appalachian coals was used (Rogers 1994). Simulations and sensitivity analyses were performed with the modified simulator for nine different parameters, including coal seam and operational parameters and economic criteria. The coal properties and operating parameters that were varied included Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, cleat porosity, and injection pressure. The economic variables included CH4 price, CO2 cost, CO2 credit, water disposal cost, and interest rate. Net-present-value (NPV) analyses of the simulation results included profits resulting from CH4 production and potential incentives for sequestered CO2. This work shows that for some coal seams, the combination of compressibility, cleat porosity, and shrinkage/swelling of the coal may have a significant impact on project economics.
Characterization of the first Polish isolate of Neospora caninum from cattle
Authors: Goździk Katarzyna , Cabaj Władysław
Published: August 2007

Neospora caninum was isolated from the brain of an apparently healthy calf born to a seropositive cow. The calf was killed 12 hrs after birth and homogenate of its brain was inoculated into Vero cells. Neospora-like tachyzoites were detected 66 days later. The identity of the parasite was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction amplification of N. canium-specific fragments using Np21 and Np6 primers. This first Polish isolate of N. caninum was designated NC-PolB1.
Real Adoption Impact Measure of Tomato Technologies on Production at Farmers' Level in Bangladesh
Authors: Barman SC
Published: August 2007

The study of real adoption impact (RAI) measure of technologies on tomato production at farmers' level revealed that there was a positive and significant relationship between yield and the values of RAI which was calculated utilizing the degrees of deviations between standard recommendations for tomato and their level of application at farmers' field. This study implies that the higher value of RAI resulting from more proper adoption of tomato technologies would give higher yield. It was found from the estimated model that 1 percent higher value of RAI would give more than 4 percent greater tomato yield. From this model it was also found that the expected yield gap and observed yield gap of tomato were much greater than that of estimated yield and observed yield indicating a scope to increase the yield of tomato. These results exclusively indicate to a situation where tomato farmers were in complete knowledge of the technologies but they were not using recommended doses of inputs and also management practices properly and completely in production system. As a result they could not reap the yield like research station yield of 80 t/ha. The farmers were getting about 1/4th yield on an average and made a sharp and big yield gap of tomato between on station and farmers' field. It calls for an intensive extension work focused on tomato technologies and timely support with required inputs with a view to minimize the yield gap for national interest.

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 42(1), 15-28, 2007
Studies on Indigenous Cotton linters for Preparation of Carboxymethyl Cellulose
Authors: Jahan Ismet Ara , Sultana Fahmida , Islam M Nurul , Hossain M Akram , Abedin Jainul
Published: August 2007

Studies were carried out to find out a suitable method for preparation of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) from indigenous cotton linters. Special emphasis was given on purification method to remove most of the non-cellulosic materials. A twostep purification method of cotton linters for preparation of water soluble carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) with degree of substitution (DS) 0.89 and viscosity 235 cp (0.5 % solution) have been described.

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 42(1), 29-36, 2007
Effect of Pre Harvest Application of Some Growth Regulators on the Yield and Quality Characteristics of Grape (Vitis vinifera L.)
Authors: Begum S , Ibrahim M , Samad A , Khan MR , Khaleda S , Alam AKMS , Chowdhury AN
Published: August 2007

Present study was undertaken to investigate the relative efficacy of four growth regulators, viz., α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA) and 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) at various concentrations (ppm) on the yield and some other quality characteristics of grape (Zakkao cultivar) at the experimental grape research vine of BCSIR Laboratories, Rajshahi during the period January, 2003 to July, 2004. Yield was found to be increased (33.11 %) by spraying with 05 ppm of 2,4-D as compared to control and other growth regulator treatments. Fruits of treated plants showed increased total soluble solids (20.28 %) and vitamin (23.18 %) than that of untreated one. The titrable acidity (T. A) of fruits (33.01 %) of the treated plants was reduced significantly as compared to control.

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 42(1), 59-66, 2007
Chemical Constituents of Essential Oils from Two Types of Spearmint (Mentha spicata L. and M. cardiaca L.) Introduced in Bangladesh
Authors: Chowdhury Jasim Uddin , Nandi Nemai Chandra , Uddin Minhaj , Rahman Majibur
Published: August 2007

Mentha spicata and M. cardiaca introduced in Bangladesh were studied for their essential oil content and compositions of the oil. The essential oil from M. spicata contains carvone (73.29 %), d-limonene (7.59 %) and dihydrocarvone (3.83 %) as major constituents out of the 21 components. The essential oil from M. cardiaca contains carvone (60.9 %) and limonene (21.58 %) as major constituents out of the 35 components.

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 42(1), 79-82, 2007
Studies on the Growth Pattern of Boys Under Ten in a Selected School of Dhaka City
Authors: Begum Mohajira , Nessa Zaibun
Published: August 2007

The study was carried out among 180 school boys with an age range from 4 to below 10 years attending a school in Dhaka City with a view to assess the growth pattern. Gomez and waterlow classification were used to classify the nutritional status. Only 1 boy had weight for height less than 70%, while 10.0% were wasted, 10.6% stunted, 1.7% were both wasted & stunted and 77.8% of the boys were normal in all the parameters. The overall nutritional condition of under ten boys were found to be better than the country situation. The boys of the school belong to a privileged class which represent a typical group of population of the country.

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 42(1), 83-88, 2007
The Effect of Proteinous Supplementary Feed on the Growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Fingerling
Authors: Nargis A , Ahmed KN , Ali SH
Published: August 2007

No abstract available.

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 42(1), 97-100, 2007
Soybeans and Other Oilseeds
Authors: Wolf Walter J. ,   Updated by Staff
Published: August 2007

The four principal U.S. oilseed crops are soybeans, cottonseed, peanuts, and sunflower seed. The physical characteristics of the plants and seeds, chemical compositions of the seeds, harvesting and storage of the crops, and processing of the crops into oil and defatted meal are described for the primary products of the industry. Production figures and prices of the oilseeds and their products are presented. The oils of these crops are used primarily for human consumption. Minor quantities go into industrial products. The defatted meals serve mainly as protein sources in animal feeds, but small amounts are processed into protein ingredients used by the food industry. Nutritional properties and antinutritional factors of the oils and meals are reviewed. Direct food uses of soybeans, peanuts, and sunflower seed are also covered.
Microwave Limiters
Authors: Kaul Roger
Published: August 2007

The sections in this article are

Solid‐State Limiters

Gaseous Limiters

Ferrite Limiters

Other Limiter Technologies

Future Activities
Viral load determines the B‐cell response in the cerebrospinal fluid during human immunodeficiency virus infection
Authors: Cepok Sabine , von Geldern Gloria , Nolting Thorsten , Grummel Verena , Srivastava Rajneesh , Zhou Dun , Hartung Hans‐Peter , Adams Ortwin , Arendt Gabriele , Hemmer Bernhard
Published: August 2007

Objective

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection of the central nervous system (CNS) is frequently associated with intrathecal immunoglobulin synthesis and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis, but little is known about the B‐cell response in the CSF of these patients. In this study, we investigated the relation between virus load and the frequency and phenotype of B cells in the CSF of HIV‐infected patients.

Methods

The distribution of T cells, B cells, short‐lived plasmablasts, and long‐lived plasma cells was analyzed by flow cytometry in CSF and peripheral blood of 33 patients with HIV infection compared with 12 patients with noninfectious CNS diseases. HIV RNA copy number in CSF and serum was quantified by kinetic polymerase chain reaction.

Results

B‐cell and plasmablast levels were increased in the CSF of HIV‐infected patients compared with patients with noninfectious CNS diseases. Whereas CSF B cells were found at similar frequency during early and late stages of HIV infection, plasmablasts were more prevalent in the CSF during early infection. Plasmablasts in the CSF correlated with intrathecal IgG synthesis and even stronger with HIV RNA copy numbers in CSF, in particular, in untreated, early HIV‐infected individuals. Initiation of antiviral treatment in therapy‐naive patients strongly decreased HIV copy numbers and plasmablasts in CSF.

Interpretation

Our findings demonstrate that HIV infection of the CNS triggers an early profound B‐cell response, with plasmablasts serving as the main virus‐related B‐cell subset in the CSF. Ann Neurol 2007
Efficient cyclic system to yield ectoine using Brevibacterium sp. JCM 6894 subjected to osmotic downshock
Authors: Nagata Shinichi , Wang Yaoqiang , Oshima Akinobu , Zhang Linghua , Miyake Hideyoshi , Sasaki Hideaki , Ishida Akio
Published: August 2007

Brevibacterium sp. JCM 6894 cells grown in the presence of 1.5–2.5 M NaCl for 24 h at 30°C were subjected to the osmotic downshock. Downshocked cells after ectoine release were grown for further 24 h in the fresh medium with same salinity as before shock. When this cyclic system was applied to the strain JCM 6894, the amount of ectoine in the cells increased with an increase of incubation time, which indicates that the cells manipulated by the present conditions were enough active to survive and synthesize ectoine after several times of osmotic downshock. In the presence of 2 M NaCl, the highest yield of ectoine released was achieved in this cyclic system, more than 2.4 g/L during 7 days of incubation. 1H and 13C‐NMR analyses of solutes released from the cells by the osmotic downshock showed the presence of only ectoine with high purity. Release of ectoine from the cells was carried out within 5 min and its rates were increased by the dilution in the downshock treatment. For the convenience of operations, non‐sterilized medium containing 2 M NaCl was examined for the cell growth in the present system, in which almost same level of ectoine yield, release rates, and cell viability were observed as those of sterilized medium. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;99: 941–948. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collection of mobilized peripheral blood stem cells from a donor with severe iron deficient anemia
Authors: Kamezaki Kenjirou , Miyamoto Toshihiro , Henzan Tomoko , Numata Akihiko , Iwasaki Hiromi , Nagafuji Koji , Harada Mine , Teshima Takanori , Akashi Koichi
Published: August 2007

We report a 45‐year‐old woman with iron deficient anemia (IDA) who underwent a collection of allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) induced by granulocyte‐colony stimulating factor (G‐CSF) after a rapid improvement of IDA by iron replacement. Her peripheral red blood cells (RBCs) after iron therapy were composed of two different‐sized subpopulations; one consisted of microcytes, which were iron deficient RBCs, and another of normocytes, which were produced after iron replacement. On the first day of PBSC collection, the interface setting was maintained aiming at 2% hematocrit as usual; however, PBSCs could not be collected adequately. Sedimentation of iron deficient, lighter RBCs under centrifugation within a blood cell separator could be similar to that of mononuclear cells, and the lighter RBCs could contaminate the mononuclear cell layer, resulting in the collection of the lighter layers of mononuclear cells than desired. On the second day, we succeeded in obtaining enough PBSCs by collecting heavier layers than those collected on the first day by using a 4% hematocrit and monitoring white blood cell counts of the collection line serially. It should be noted that the lighter RBCs from a donor with a history of IDA could complicate collection of PBSCs. J. Clin. Apheresis, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Deficiency of the carnitine transporter (OCTN2) with partial N‐acetylglutamate synthase (NAGS) deficiency
Authors: Hwu W.‐L. , Chien Y.‐H. , Tang N. L. S. , Law L.‐K. , Lin C.‐Y. , Lee N.‐C.
Published: August 2007

A patient with recurrent episodes of hyperammonaemia (highest ammonia level recorded 229 μmol/L, normal 9–33) leading to altered levels of consciousness was diagnosed with partial N‐acetylglutamate synthase (NAGS) deficiency (9% residual activity) at age 5 years and was treated with ammonia‐conjugating agents (Ucephan 250 mg/kg per day and later sodium phenylbutyrate 200–250 mg/kg per day) for 15 years. A chronically low serum carnitine level (pretreatment plasma free carnitine 4 nmol/L, normal 37 ±8 nmol/L; total carnitine 8 nmol/L, normal 46 ±10) was assumed to be secondary and was treated with supplemental carnitine (30–50 mg/kg per day). Hypoglycaemia (blood sugar 35 mg/dl, normal 70–100), cardiomegaly, and fatty liver were also noted at diagnosis. The patient died unexpectedly at age 20 years. In retrospect, it was learned that the patient had stopped his carnitine without medical consultation several weeks prior to his death. Additional molecular investigations identified two mutations (R254X and IVS3 + 1G > A) in the patient's OCTN2 (SLC22A5) gene, consistent with a diagnosis of primary carnitine deficiency due to carnitine transporter defect. R245X is a founder mutation in Southern Chinese populations. It is unknown whether the original NAGS deficiency was primary or secondary, but molecular analysis of the NAGS gene failed to identify mutations. Urea cycle enzyme expression may be affected by fatty acid suppression of an AP‐1 binding site in the promoter enhancer region of the urea cycle gene. Regardless, it is clear that the NAGS abnormality has led to delay of recognition of the OCTN2 defect, and modified the clinical course in this patient.
Differences in biomechanical stability of femur fracture fixation when using titanium nails of increasing diameter
Authors: Mahar Andrew , Sink Ernest , Faro Frances , Oka Richard , Newton Peter O.
Published: August 2007

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to compare the biomechanical stability generated when utilizing increasing sizes of titanium (Ti) flexible nails for fixation of simulated comminuted femur fractures.

Methods

Five synthetic adolescent-sized femur models were reamed to create a 9-mm canal. A 2-cm section was removed in the mid-diaphysis to simulate comminution. Each femur was first stabilized with bilateral, retrograde 3.0-mm titanium elastic nails. Femurs were tested in axial rotation and axial compression. The constructs were removed, and femurs were re-nailed with 3.5-mm nails. Identical testing was conducted. These nails were then removed, and femurs were re-nailed with 4.0-mm nails. This provided data on “canal fill” representing 67, 78 and 89% of the reamed canal diameter. Data for axial rotation (degrees) and failure load ( N) required to produce 5 mm of fracture shortening were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA ( P < 0.05) and a Tukey's post-hoc test for multiple comparisons.

Results

For axial rotation, there were statistically significant improvements in rotational control for each increase in nail size. For axial stability, each increase in nail size resulted in increased axial failure loads to 5 mm, although these data were not statistically different. A specific comparison between 3.0- and 3.5-mm nails for compressive stability found significantly greater stability afforded by using 3.5-mm nails.

Conclusions

Data from this study demonstrate that increasing the amount of canal fill provides significant improvements in rotational control. The largest improvement was seen when increasing from 3.0- to 3.5-mm nails. While increasing the nail size from 3.5 to 4.0 mm again provided greater stability, larger nails may be more difficult to insert. Thus, increasing the nail size for femoral fracture fixation should be considered after measuring the diameter of the canal and evaluating the potential difficulty of insertion as well as specific demands of the fracture pattern.
Downstream intronic splicing enhancers
Authors: Venables Julian P.
Published: August 2007

Alternative splicing leads to multiple proteins from individual genes and the most common deviation from the norm is precise exon omission. Mutations that cause this can be found deep in introns, especially downstream of the cassette exon. This review summarises what is known about these intronic splicing enhancers and their RNA‐binding proteins that cause spliceosome assembly on the upstream exon.
An Escherichia coli mutant producing a truncated inactive form of GlgC synthesizes glycogen: Further evidences for the occurrence of various important sources of ADPglucose in enterobacteria
Authors: Eydallin Gustavo , Morán-Zorzano María Teresa , Muñoz Francisco José , Baroja-Fernández Edurne , Montero Manuel , Alonso-Casajús Nora , Viale Alejandro M. , Pozueta-Romero Javier
Published: August 2007

AC70R1–504 Escherichia coli mutants possess a glgC
∗ gene with a nucleotide change resulting in a premature stop codon that renders a truncated, inactive form of GlgC. Cells over‐expressing the wild type glgC, but not those over‐expressing the AC70R1–504 glgC
∗, accumulated high ADPglucose and glycogen levels. AC70R1–504 mutants accumulated glycogen, whereas ΔglgCAP deletion mutants lacking the whole glycogen biosynthetic machinery displayed a glycogen‐less phenotype. AC70R1–504 cells with enhanced glycogen synthase activity accumulated high glycogen levels. By contrast, AC70R1–504 cells with high ADPG hydrolase activity accumulated low glycogen. These data further confirm that enterobacteria possess various sources of ADPglucose linked to glycogen biosynthesis.
Clinical Evaluation of the Vertiginous Patient
Authors: Larouere Michael J.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To formulate a treatment plan for the various causes of disequilibrium and to understand the rationale behind selecting various treatment options (medical, surgical, and rehabilitative), as well as to understand expected treatment outcomes.
Mandibular Reconstruction: Plate and Flap Option
Authors: Gullane P.J. , Irish J.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To better understand the advantages, limitations, and outcome in the use of plate in mandibular reconstruction after tumor surgery and to be aware of limitations of the system.
Near‐Total Laryngectomy
Authors: Pearson Bruce W.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To appreciate the scope of near‐total laryngectomy and its indications, management, and pitfalls, and to undertake successful surgery (NTL) to produce both cure and vocal rehabilitation in appropriate T3 and T4 cases.
Quackery in Otolaryngology
Authors: Snyderman Carl H. , Snyderman Nancy L. , McCoy Bob
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To describe the major types of unconventional cancer treatments and to understand the individual and social beliefs that motivate patients to seek unconventional treatments.
Structural Grafting of the Crooked Nose Deformity
Authors: Toriumi Dean M.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To analyze crooked nose deformities and determine effective technique for correction and to gain access to the nasal septum by the open rhinoplasty approach and use spreader grafts, sandwich grafts, and septal reconstruction to correct the crooked nose deformity.
Endoscopic Sinus Surgery in Young Children
Authors: Pransky Seth M. , Mair Eric
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To understand the approach to and technique of functional sinus surgery in young children and to reach fundamental understanding of the prolonged medical management necessary in these patients before making a decision to operate; and to appreciation current controversies involving FES in young children.
Finesse in Rhinoplasty
Authors: Tardy M. Eugene
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To diagnose anatomic nasal variant deformities more clearly, and to apply principled surgical solutions to common and difficult rhinoplasty problems.
Conservation Blepharoplasty
Authors: Stambaugh Kweon I.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To perform a standard upper‐lid blepharoplasty by a conservative technique that minimizes the risks of complications and to perform a lower‐lid blepharoplasty that addresses both the skin and muscle excess and the fat, while at the same time minimizing the risks for ectropion.
Laryngotracheal Reconstruction in Children: State of the Art
Authors: Cotton Robin T.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To evaluate the pediatric patient for laryngotracheal reconstruction (LTR) and to select the most appropriate method of LTR in the pediatric patient.
Streptomycin Perfusion of the Labyrinth Through the Round Window
Authors: Shea John J. , Ge Xianxi
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To understand Meniere's disease and to perform streptomycin perfusion of the labyrinth through the round window.
Management of Congenital Aural Atresia and Microtia
Authors: Ruder Robert O. , Maceri Dennis , Andrews James
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To evaluate and properly diagnose anatomic deformities of the auricle and to properly treat these problems.
What Every Facial Plastic Surgeon Should Know About Art
Authors: Neal Steven L
Published: August 2007

Educational objective: To show how participation in the fine arts can improve aesthetic and surgical skills in facial plastic surgery.
Tympanoplasty—Part 1: Tympanic Membrane Grafting
Authors: Hough Jack V.D. , Baker R. Stanley
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To better understand the fundamentals of tympanic membrane grafting and to have an improved ability to solve the technical problems that are encountered in tympanic membrane grafting.
Case Studies in the Management of the Dizzy Patient
Authors: Stockwell Charles W. , Bojrab Dennis I. , Kohne Patti
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To case manage common vestibular disorders and to cover medical, surgical, and rehabilitation strategies of management.
Skin Cancer: Non‐Moh's Controlled Excision and Reconstruction
Authors: Bray David A. , Kaplan Harold J.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To perform a precise pathologically controlled excision of cutaneous malignancies of the head and neck region and to preplan simple or complex reconstruction techniques.
Adult Laryngotracheal Stenosis
Authors: Gullane P.J. , Irish J.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To evaluate and treat patients with posterior glottic and subglottic stenosis and to understand the limitations and usefulness of cricotracheal resection combined with laryngeal tracheoplasty in patients with combined glottic and subglottic stenosis.
Hand Demonstration of the Anatomy and Function of the Eustachian Tube
Authors: Sando Isamu
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To understand three‐dimensional anatomy and function of the eustachian tube and consequently the pathology and dysfunction of the eustachian tube that are closely associated with those of the middle ear, such as otitis media with effusion, the second most common disease among children, next to the common cold.
Nurse Practitioners in Otolaryngology
Authors: Rudy Susan , Leopold Donald , Hadley James A. , Sparacino Lora Lee
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To conceptualize the decision‐making process involved in employing a physician extender and to identify the multiple facets of the physician extender role in otolaryngology.
Rigid and Contact Video Endoscopy
Authors: Andrea Mario , Dias Oscar
Published: August 2007

Educational objective: To perform this endoscopic technique.
Swallowing Dysfunction in the Medically Fragile Infant
Authors: Solomon Beth , Milmoe Gregory , Harley Earl , Wines Michelle
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To provide a comprehensive overview of the principles and foundations of pediatric swallowing, to review otolaryngologic manifestations and system disorders related to swallowing dysfunction, and to review the various objective swallowing evaluation tools.
Dysphagia—Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Schechter Gary L.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To perform an office evaluation and order sophisticated tests for the diagnosis of causes of dysphagia and to manage both medically and surgically many of the common causes of dysphagia.
Stapedectomy with Vein Graft and Teflon Piston
Authors: Shea John J.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To know how to recognize otosclerosis, which patients to operate on, and how toper‐form a stapedectomy.
Advanced FESS Techniques: Endoscopic Frontal Sinusotomy
Authors: Kuhn Frederick A.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To understand frontal sinus anatomy and imaging techniques and to understand alternatives to frontal sinus obliteration and when to apply them, as well as endoscopic frontal sinustomy.
Advances and Refinements in Phonosurgery
Authors: Ford Charles N. , Hoffman Henry T. , Clark Keith F.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To understand the basic principles of phonosurgical techniques and appreciate refinements that will optimize surgical results and to achieve an awareness of the newer surgical techniques that have been employed and those that are being developed.
Surgery of the Skull Base for Head and Neck Neoplasms
Authors: Donald Paul J. , Lyons Bernard M. , Maniglia Joao J.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To understand the relationship of deep facial structures to the cranial base and the pertinent intracranial anatomy; to perform the comprehensive workup required by skull base surgery patients; and to acquire a working knowledge of the basic skull base procedures in the anterior, middle, and posterior cranial fossa.
Molecular Oncology for the Head and Neck Surgeon
Authors: Lee Norris K.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To understand basic molecular biological concepts and breakthroughs as they apply to the head and neck cancer model and to envision the future of head and neck cancer treatment, within the context of molecular biology.
Acoustic Rhinometry, Rhinomanometry and Nasal Surgery
Authors: Mann Wolf J. , Riechelmann Herbert , Amedee Ronald G.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To understand the techniques used in performing and interpreting rhinomanometry and acoustic rhinometry and to utilize the findings of the these studies to better treat patients with nasal obstructive symptoms.
Tumors of the Thyroid Gland in Children
Authors: Feinmesser Raphael , Segal Karl
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To make better clinical judgments and therapeutic decisions in children with thryroid node and to better understand biology of thyroid cancer in children.
Management of Acute Facial Paralysis Using ENoG
Authors: Gantz Bruce J.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To understand and perform electroneurography and to use the information obtained to manage patients with acute facial paralysis.
Phonosurgery Demonstration: Medialization, Arytenoid Adduction
Authors: Maves Michael , Netterville James L , Cooper Margaret H.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To understand anatomy of laryngeal phonosurgery and to obtain greater understanding of surgical procedures of medialization laryngoplasty and arytenoid adduction.
Improving Exposure in Tympanoplasty
Authors: Jones Raleigh , Silverstein Herbert , Rosenberg Seth
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To describe various techniques used to improve exposure in tympanoplasty and to apply a variety of exposure techniques to appropriate disease entities.
Complications of Aesthetic Facial Surgery
Authors: Aarstad Robert F. , Hoasjoe Denis K.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To recognize and understand the causes of many common aesthetic facial surgery complications and, through this understanding, to be better able to prevent and treat these complications.
Management of Chronic Facial Head and Neck Pain: A Rational Approach
Authors: McDonald John S.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To plan treatment and coordinate an interdisciplinary course of chronic pain therapy and to tailor and adjust an appropriate pharmacotherapeutic regimen to a particular diagnostic group such as myofascial or neuropathic pain and effectively use nerve block therapy.
Managed Care Survival Kit: Specialty Networks And Capitation
Authors: Stone Gary M. , Lawson Garth A.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To structure a capitated network and negotiate a capitated managed care contract and to implement the specialty network delivery system with a data system to distribute capitated funds equitably.
Endoscopic Management of CSF Leaks and Cephaloceles
Authors: Mattox Douglas E.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To diagnose CSF rhinorrhea and to manage it surgically and medically.
Chemical Peels—Deep Peels
Authors: Perkins Stephen W. , Gibson F. Brian , Dyer Wallace K.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To discuss the selection and treatment of patients with phenol‐based deep peel formulas and the management of the expected and unexpected sequelae of these peels.
Laryngeal Electromyography
Authors: Parnes Steven M. , Lava Neil S. , Koltai Peter J.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To perform a laryngeal electromyography and to apply the results to more effective clinical management in both diagnostic and prognostic capacities.
Violence in the Health Care Environment
Authors: Krause Charles J. , Gregg Cynthia M.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To be aware of identifying characteristics of potentially violent persons and to gain knowledge about some methods of deescalating potentially violent situations.
Reconstruction of the Glottis by Composite Nasal Septal Graft
Authors: Zohar Yuval
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To review the indication of partial vertical laryngectomies for carcinoma of the anterior commissure of the larynx and selected Tl of the vocal cords, and to acquire a better understanding of how to use the nasal septal graft in the glottis reconstruction.
Endo‐Rhinoplasty
Authors: Friedman William H. , Pearlman Steven J. , Rich Smyth
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To teach an outcomes‐based system for sphenoethmoidectomy based on staging, refined anatomic principles, and endoscopy and to teach rhinoplasty in a systematic approach to include excision, version and augmentational techniques of the bony and cartilaginous vaults with emphasis on the nasal tip and the safe performance of rhinoplasty along with ethmoidectomy.
What Not to Do When You Go into Private Practice
Authors: Barrs David M.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To teach participants to recognize potential pitfalls in selecting private practice partners, locations, types of practice, and other long‐term planning, and to explain specific problems with financial planning, contracts, building rents, equipment, marketing, and expectations for the first year.
The Management of Childhood Hearing Losses
Authors: Rizer Franklin M. , Pappas Dennis G. , Ling Daniel , Arkis Peter N.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To provide appropriate management for children with sensorineural hearing loss and to select appropriate speech and language rehabilitation strategies.
Policies and Strategies to Improve Collections
Authors: Ogle Carolyn , Waguespack Richard
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To improve collections by establishing written policies and developing strategies tailored for the physician's practice community.
Supraomohyoid and Lateral Neck Dissection
Authors: Cohen James I. , Weber Randal S.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To understand the step‐by‐step approach to the performance of a supraomohyoid and lateral neck dissection and the management of malignancies of the upper aerodigestive tract.
How to Plan and Execute a Scientific Meeting
Authors: Goldstein Jerome C. , Harmon Jack E. , DeWilde Moira , Ramirez Elvia , Kienzle Anne R. , Lucente Frank E.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To have an overview and checklist of the basics that need to be considered in putting on a meeting and to have had opportunity to ask the panel of experts questions about planning a meeting.
Technique and Avoiding Complications in FESS
Authors: Anand Vijay K.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To understand important surgical landmarks and to verify early complications and manage them successfully.
Caustic Ingestion and Management of Esophageal Injury
Authors: Hounger Lauren D.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To develop a rational approach to the management of this problem once an apparent ingestion of a caustic substance has occurred and to understand emergency management, radiologic evaluation, endoscopy, and medical and surgical management of caustic ingestion.
Rhinogenic Headache: Its Endoscopic Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Seiden Allen M. , Chow James M.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To discuss appropriate diagnostic evaluation of patients with chronic headache and nasal and sinus pathology that may be associated with this disorder.
Surgery of Benign and Malignant Tumors of the Nasopharynx
Authors: Terzian Alejandro Ernesto
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To diagnose nasopharyngeal lesions earlier and with better accuracy and to evaluate the different approaches, so as to adopt one according to personal criteria and previous surgical training.
Desktop Publishing—With Your Word Processor
Authors: Rodman Susan M. , Allen Gregory C.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To include graphic elements such as clip art, lines, borders and shading into a document and to create columns, headers, footers, and attractive page layout.
Preventive Tympanoplasty in Children
Authors: Chiossone Edgar
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To know about early structural changes in the tympanic membrane that may lead to retractions pockets and cholesteatoma formation and to identify preventive surgical possibilities to avoid further structural changes in the tympanic membrane.
To FESS or Not to FESS: Decisions in Pediatric Sinusitis
Authors: Kenna Margaret A. , Rosenfeld Richard M. , Reilly James S.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To accurately diagnose pediatric sinus and associated medical conditions that may influence treatment outcome and to provide a decision tree in the choice of appropriate surgical candidates.
New Phonosurgical Procedures: Medialization Thyroplasty
Authors: Cummings Charles W. , Flint Paul W.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To identify and evaluate candidates for medialization thyroplasty and to apply the techniques of this procedure while avoiding pitfalls and complications.
Plate and Screw Fixation in Craniomaxillofacial Surgery
Authors: Keuman Robert M. , Marentette Lawrence J. , Wenig Barry
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To understand the principles of plate application and to know which plating approaches can be used for particular clinical situations.
Head and Neck Masses in Children
Authors: Myer Charles M. , Willging J. Paul
Published: August 2007

Educational objective: To develop an evaluation protocol and a treatment plan for a head or neck mass in a child.
Surgical Management of Velopharyngeal Insufficiency
Authors: Cotton Robin T. , Willging J. Paul
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To interpret an endoscopic evaluation of the velopharyngeal sphincter and generate surgical options for repair, and to understand the basic approach to several surgical repairs for velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI).
Laser Bronchoscopy in Children
Authors: Sidman James D.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To understand the indications for laser bronchoscopy in children and the principles for safe airway management intraoperatively.
WordPerfect: Office Applications
Authors: Allen Gregory C. , Rodman Susan M. , McGrew Benjamin M.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To construct and use letter and memo macros and templates, to address envelopes electronically, to do simple mail merge, and to use WordPerfect special character sets.
Developing Winning Grant Applications for NIH
Authors: Hannley Maureen
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To construct a suitable title, abstract, specific aims, and grant body that will maximize the positive influence on a reviewer and to understand how to decipher a review summary statement and how to respond.
Evaluation and Management of Intractable Aspiration
Authors: Eibling David E. , Snyderman Carl H.
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To evaluate patients with suspected aspiration and to offer surgical management options to patients with intractable aspiration.
Evaluation and Management of Vestibular Disorders in Children
Authors: Wazen Jack J. , Haddad Joseph
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To review the different causes of vestibular symptoms in children and to follow a proposed protocol to work up, diagnose, and treat.
Clinical Electrocochleography and Brainstem Audiometry
Authors: Brackmann Derald E. , Don Manuel
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To order the proper audiometric studies for neurotologic diagnosis and to understand the basics of electrocochleography and brain stem audiometry for neurotologic diagnosis.
Lateral Approaches to the Clivus and Surrounding Areas
Authors: Sanna Mario
Published: August 2007

Educational objectives: To better understand the complex anatomy in the petroclival area and to have a clear idea of the appropriate surgical approach for the different lesions of the skull base.