bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A propósito del vínculo de dependencia y el ámbito de vigilancia del empresario, con ocasión de la sentencia de la Corte Suprema, de 27 de mayo de 2019, Rol N° 4350-2018 (“Arellano Garrido, Mario con Cencosud Retail S.A.”)
Authors: Aravena Cuevas Branco , Caballería Morales Aracelli
Published: March 2021

Recordemos, primeramente, que la responsabilidad del empresario por el hecho de su dependiente precisa: (1) la concurrencia de un vínculo de dependencia o cuidado entre el primero y el segundo, (2) que el dependiente sea capaz y (3) que el dependiente cometa un ilícito dentro del ámbito de vigilancia del empresario. Al respecto, nuestros esfuerzos se orientarán a revisar tanto el primer como el tercer elemento. En lo que atañe al primero, tendremos en consideración que actualmente se entiende ampliamente como un vínculo no solo de configuración jurídica, sino que también de delimitación fáctica, lo que puede resultar problemático si no se proporcionan criterios concretos para determinar este asunto. Para ello nos valdremos de la díada verticalidad-horizontalidad de los elementos que componen la organización empresarial. En cuanto al segundo de estos, nos referiremos a la delimitación del ámbito de vigilancia del empresario y a algunos criterios para ello, habida cuenta de la lectura amplia que proporciona el fallo sobre este parámetro. Nos serviremos para este propósito de la sentencia de la Corte Suprema dictada en la causa Rol N° 4350- 2018, de 27 de mayo de 2019, la que nos permitirá esbozar los comentarios con arreglo a lo anotado previamente. Acto seguido, abordaremos sucintamente algunas situaciones que pueden resultar problemáticas para el intento del empresario de eximirse de responsabilidad, tales como la culpa in eligendo, la culpa en la organización y la responsabilidad in solidum, y cómo aquel puede lidiar con ellas. Cerraremos con algunos comentarios finales.
ANALISIS PENGARUH FAKTOR INTERNAL PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN MAKANAN DAN MINUMAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI
Authors: Fachrizal Chaery Ahmad Ridho
Published: March 2021

This research was conducted to test the influence of Internal Factors such as Liqudity, Activity, Solvability, Profitability and Company’s Growth to the Stock Price. The object of this research is a manufacturing company of food and beverage sectors listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2013 to 2017. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis that begins with the classical assumption, using a sample of 11 companie of food and beverage sector. The results obtained from this study is partially Solvability and Profitability has an influence on Stock Price, While Liquidity, Activity and Company’s Growth do not affect significantly to Stock Price. Simultaneously the results obtained are all independent variables (Liqudity, Activity, Solvability, Profitability and Company’s Growth) jointly have a significant effect on Stock Price.
MAJAS DAN CITRAAN DALAM PUISI “MISHIMA” KARYA GOENAWAN MOHAMAD (KAJIAN STILISTIKA)
Authors: Septiani Dwi
Published: March 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjabarkan berbagai majas serta citraan yang ada pada puisi “Mishima”. Puisi tersebut adalah salah satu puisi di dalam antologi puisi berjudul Fragmen karya Goenawan Mohamad yang terbit tahun 2016 dan diterbitkan oleh  Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah pendekatan  stilistika. Metode yang dipakai dalam kajian ini adalah metode deskriptif analisis dengan semiotik. Data penelitian ini adalah data deskriptif, yakni data berupa kata, frasa, dan kalimat dalam puisi berjudul “Mishima” karya Goenawan Muhamad. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan adanya wujud penggunaan majas dan citraan yang sangat bervariatif. Berdasarkan analisis data, diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut. Pertama, majas yang paling dominan adalah majas personifikasi yang ada pada bagian 2, 4, 5, 6, dan 7. Majas kedua yang dominan adalah majas simile yanga ada pada bagian 1, 2, 5, dan 7. Majas ketiga yang dominan adalah majas repetisi pada bagian 1, 3, 5, dan 6. Majas keempat yang dominan adalah majas pada bagian 5 dan 6. Terakhir, ada pula muncul majas litotes, hiperbola, dan retoris. Kedua, citraan yang dominan muncul pada puisi “Mishima” karya Goenawan Mohamad adalah citraan penglihatan. Citraan pertama yang paling dominan adalah citraan penglihatan pada bagian 1, 6, dan 7. Citraan penglihatan yang ada dalam puisi ini berperan untuk menyampaikan visualisasi yang jernih atas sifat dan perilaku tokoh yang ada dalam puisi ini sehingga pembaca puisi ini seakan mampu membayangkan atau melihat kejadian itu. Selain citraan penglihatan, citraan kedua yang dominan adalah citra perabaan yang ada pada bagian 1 dan 3. Citraan ketiga yang dominan adalah citraan pendengaran dan citra penciuman yang ada pada bagian 5.
PENGGUNAAN MAKIAN BAHASA INDONESIA PADA KOLOM KOMENTAR AKUN INSTAGRAM LAMBE TURAH (KAJIAN SOSIOLINGUISTIK)
Authors: Yanti Dewi , Triadi Rai Bagus
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan atas dasar ketertarikan peneliti pada maraknya penggunaan bahasa makian dalam media Instagram khususnya pada akun gossip Lambe Turah sebagai salah satu akun gossip ternama yang banyak mengundang komentar negatif para warganet/ heters terkait berbagai unggahan informasi para selebriti atau kejadian-kejadian yang tengah viral di masyarakat. Pesatnya perkembangan jaman dan teknologi di Indonesia berdampak pada penggunaan makian yang dilakukan dalam aktivitas berbahasa masyarakat Indonesia. Penggunaan bahasa lisan kini tidak hanya dalam ragam lisan, kini menyebar pula pada ragam tulis. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan data dalam tangkapan layar dan dibentuk dalam kolom data makian. Berdasarkan proses analisis data, bahwa indeks usia, jenis kelamin dan pendidikan  memengaruhi pada referensi makian yang dihasilkan.
Implementation of Site to Site IPsec VPN Tunnel between Routers
Authors: Khaing Ei Ei , Nyunt Khin Than , Moe Sandar , Khaing Mya Thet
Published: March 2021

Today, security is very important in the communication system over through the Internet. The Transmission control protocol and Internet protocol (TCP/IP) protocol suite is used in the Internet communication that it includes five layers in which it is construct IPSec VPN Tunnel between two routers at the network layer. IPsec have two protocols that it is authentication header and encapsulation security payload (ESP) in which two protocols is shown simulation and then it is give encryption, authentication and confidentiality in which for packets at the IPSec layer within network layer and adds new IP header at the network layer. IPSec is designed to provide security at the network layer that it protects the entire IP packets. It takes an IP packet and then it includes the header, applies IPSec security methods to the entire packet and adds a new IP header. The system purpose is known use router devices at the network layer and then this layer is built IPSec VPN tunnel between routers that when it is known how does command line. IPsec VPN tunnel is built based on ACL (access list), crypto isakmp (internet security association and key management protocol) policy, transform set and crypto map and then the system is aimed to know it facts configuration and then to know used routers at the network layer and is built IPSec VPN tunnel between two routers. This system is simulated using packets tracer software 7.1.
Land Use/Land Cover Change Detection Study Using Remote Sensing and GIS Technique in Puthimari River Basin-A Transboundary Basin Between Bhutan and India
Authors: Barman Swapnali , Tyagi Jaivir , Singh Waikhom Rahul
Published: March 2021

Using remote sensing and GIS technique, we analyse the change detection of different land use/land cover (LULC) types that has taken place in Puthimari river basin during a two-decade period from 1999 to 2019. Supervised classification method with maximum likelihood algorithm have been applied to prepare the LULC maps. The LULC change detection has been performed employing a post-classification detection method. Puthimari is a north bank sub-catchment of River Brahmaputra, the northern part of which falls in Bhutan and the rest falls in the Assam state of India. The primary LULC types of the basin are, dense vegetation which is predominant in the upper catchment, crop land and rural settlement. Thus, five different classes have been considered for the analysis, viz., dense vegetation, water bodies, silted water, cropland and rural settlement. The results showed that the rural settlement and water bodies in the basin increased by 42.70% and 30.31% from 1999 to 2019. However, dense vegetation, silted water and cropland decreased by 9.24%, 27.47% and 28.10% during these two decades.
Image Contrast Improvement in Image Fusion between CT and MRI images of Brain Cancer Patients
Authors: Maya Annisa Tenri , Suryono Suryono , Anam Choirul
Published: March 2021

Medical image fusion has been carried out to obtain information benefits from multi-modalities of medical images. The purpose of this study is to improve the image contrast of fusion image with adaptive method. The median filter was implemented to the images before registration to remove noise for obtaining good image fusion. Geometric transformation-based image registration was used to automatically align two images of computed tomography (CT) scanner and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to a common coordinate system. After that, the image contrast was improved with adaptive method. Finally, the fused image was assessed using the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). From this study, it was found that the average SNR value in the image fusion before contrast improvement is 0.09 and after that is 0.73. While the average CNR value in image fusion before contrast improvement is 1.54 and after that is 1.79. It means that the CNR increases 14.02%.
Strategi Pemasaran Produk UMKM Melalui Penerapan Digital Marketing
Authors: Azmi Fadhilah Dian , Pratiwi Tami
Published: March 2021

The scientific paper of Product Marketing Strategy of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise (MSME) Through the Application of Digital Marketing is aims to discover the impact of digital marketing on the sale of MSME products, by comparing MSME that used digital marketing as a means of promotion and product sales with MSME that haven’t used the digital marketing, and to discover how to implement of digital marketing efforts to MSME in Cibunar Village, Rancakalong. In writing this scientific paper, the research method used is descriptive qualitative research. The research subject in this research are informants who provide research data through interviews and through purposive sampling technique. Based on the result of qualitative research with interview and observation techniques as well as the data that has been collected by the author, it can be concluded that digital marketing has a huge influence on product marketing because it can increase the sales volume and also increase the profits for MSME entrepreneurs.
Análise epidemiológica, fisiopatológica, clínica e terapêutica da coinfecção HIV/Tuberculose (TB)
Authors: Yamada Isabela Yurie , Soares Anna Victória Leitgeb Santos de Castro , Assis Beatriz Leite , Oliveira Bianca , Mendes Ellen Teodora Coelho , Oliveira Gabriela Honorato de , Oliveira Igor de Sousa , Vieira Laís Maria Peixoto , Brandão Lara Bianca Soares , Gomes Marina Nascimento , Vasconcelos Gilberto Loiola de
Published: March 2021

Contexto: A coinfecção HIV/TB é um dos principais agravantes subnotificados do mundo, perpassando um descaso humanitário de ambas as doenças inseridas em um contexto de alta letalidade. Apesar de medidas profiláticas, essa coinfecção ainda avança de continuamente e contém relação notória no bem-estar do individuo afetado, sendo, portanto, problemática norteadora de entendimento pelo meio científico com o intuito de interpretar as bases das repercussões maléficas existentes. Objetivo: Analisar a epidemiologia, fisiopatologia, clinica e terapêutica da coinfecção HIV/TB. Metodologia: Caracteriza-se como revisão bibliográfica do tipo integrativa com abordagem quanti-qualitativa e caráter descritivo. Para isso, utilizaram-se as bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e PubMed para a busca das bibliografias objetivadas. Em seguida, a fim de selecionar os descritores mais adequados para este estudo, realizou-se a busca na base DeCS (Descritores em Ciência da Saúde), sendo de escolha: “HIV”, “tuberculose” e “coinfecção” nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol, além dos sinônimos pertinentes. Após a execução de tal metodologia, selecionaram-se 18 estudos disponíveis que atingiam os objetivos do devido estudo apresentado. Principais resultados: No que tange ao maior acometimento dessa coinfecção, foi evidenciada uma prevalência por pessoas do sexo masculino de baixa escolaridade, tendo eles em sua maioria idade entre 20 e 49 anos. Outro fator observado dentre os acometidos, é que cerca de 20% dos casos de TB são extrapulmonares e 80% são pulmonares, sendo essa forma clínica caracterizada por sua alta infectividade. Além disso, foi demonstrado que pessoas coinfectadas com HIV-1 e TB apresentaram uma maior carga bacilar, o que fornece uma explicação para o potencial aumento de suscetibilidade à TB mais grave em pessoas infectadas pelo HIV-1. No refere-se à terapêutica, atualmente, no Brasil, o esquema de terapêutico básico recomendado para a TB é dividido em duas fases: fase intensiva e a fase de manutenção. Conclusões: Portanto, a dedicação em estudos de coinfecção HIV/TB deve ser presente pelo fato da alta letalidade. É imprescindível profilaxia adequada para ambas às doenças e diagnóstico precoce para evitar tal condição e, consequentemente, desfechos clínicos desfavoráveis para os pacientes acometidos.
EDUKASI GENERASI Z (DIGITAL) DAN POLA KEHIDUPAN BARU MENGHADAPI MASA NEW NORMAL
Authors: Kumalasari Intan , Amin Maliha , Jaya Herawati , Ningsih Ratna
Published: March 2021

The government's decision to reopen schools and campuses after the Covid-19 pandemic requires readiness, especially for adolescents, who are mostly students. On the one hand, adolescents feel happy with the reopening of offline learning activities, but on the other hand there are fears and worries about their personal safety. Based on the analysis of the situation in the field of indecision faced by adolescents due to the lack of studies on the impact of the new normal if applied in Indonesia. In addition, the lack of outreach from the government on the policies that have been stipulated makes the public confused, so that their implementation is not appropriate. The purpose of this activity is to provide an understanding to adolescents about the new normal and preparations for the new normal. The method used in this activity is health education through online seminars. The results of this activity indicate that most of the adolescents are ready to face the new normal period and are ready to become agents of change for their peers. The results of this activity can also provide input for schools, campuses and managers to work hand in hand to prepare schools and campuses ready for the new normal by providing repeated understanding of new habits that must be adopted in the new normal period regularly so that schools and new campuses are normal. can be realized.
School Climate: Its Impact on Teachers’ Commitment and School Performance
Authors: Manla Vilma H.
Published: March 2021

The aims of this study were to determine the perceptions of school climate, teachers’ commitment and school performance held by principals, teachers and parents and the relationship among these variables. Thirty elementary schools of the third congressional district of Bohol consisting of 200 teachers, 30 principals and 60 parents who were randomly sampled took part in the study. The teachers and parents completed two survey instruments: Organizational Health Inventory for elementary schools (OHI-E) from Hoy and Tarter to examine school climate and Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ)from Celep to test teachers’ commitment, while the principals were made to answer an additional questionnaire that solicits data regarding the school performance. With the school as the unit of analysis, the OHI-E outlined and measured five elements related to school climate (teacher affiliation, institutional integrity, collegial leadership, resource influence and academic influence). Those five were the independent variables used for the study. The dependent variables were the teachers’ commitment with regard to the commitment to school, teaching profession, pupils and work group; and school performance measured by graduation, retention, promotion, participation, repetition, failure, drop-out rates and the National Achievement Test Result. Data were analyzed using frequency count and simple percentage calculation. Weighted mean score was used to assess the level of school climate, teachers’ commitment and school performance. Furthermore, parametric test like Pearson Product-Moment Correlation (rxy) was used to determine the degree of relationship between school climate and the teachers’ commitment; while Spearman Rank Correlation (rs) was used to determine the relationship of school climate and school performance. Results indicated that school climate is related to teachers’ commitment and school performance. These findings have significant implications for the implementation of change in schools, motivation, productivity, well-being, and learner achievement.
ANALISIS GERAK TARI MERAK SUBAL KARYA S. MARIDI PADA SANGGAR SOERYO SOEMIRAT DI SURAKARTA
Authors: Sabekti Endra , Wahyudi Didik Bambang
Published: March 2021

The research titled "Analysis of Merak Subal Dance Movement by S. Maridi at Soeryo Soemirat Gallery in Surakarta", was created by S. Maridi in the 1969s. Merak Subal Dance is a dance that represents the life (behavior) of peacocks. S. Maridi's Merak Subal dance was inspired by sundanese peacock dance.This study aims to describe and analyze the movements in The Merak Subal Dance. The research method used is descriptive analytics with qualitative data properties, namely collecting data through observations, interviews, subsequent library studies analyzed descriptively. The research problems were analyzed using conceptual foundations from Soedarsono on dance forms and Agus Tasman on the analysis of dance moves and characters.The results of Merak Subal Dance research in Soeryo Soemirat gallery showed that the dance was presented in the form of a group dance drawn by three dancers with a duration of about eight minutes. Elements that make up The Merak Subal Dance are motion, floor design(floor pattern), top design, dramatic design, theme, makeup and fashion, dance music, property, lighting, venue and performance time. Then the analysis of motion includes materials, energy, space, time, organization, aggregation, character, description. Keywords: Merak Subal Dance, choreography, Soeryo Soemirat gallery.
Early sex determination of Turkey by observation of differences in body weight between male and female
Authors: Akter S , Das SC , Apu AS , Ahmed T , Lahiry A , Afrin A , Nishat NJ
Published: March 2021

The present study was conducted to determine the early sex in turkeys by observation of the differences in body weight between male and female birds. A total of 30-day old black color unsexed poults having almost similar body weight at hatching were considered for the experimentation and housed at the Poultry Farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh. All birds were reared up to 12 weeks of age under intensive management with supplementation of commercial broiler starter and grower feeds. Birds were reared under similar management conditions. Significantly higher (p<0.01) body weight was attained in male poults (104g/bird) than the female (90g/bird) at the end of 1st week of age. Similarly, at the end of 2nd week of age higher (p<0.01) body weight attained by male poults (198.31g/bird) than the female (162.13g/bird). At the end of 3rd weeks of age male poults attained higher (p<0.01) body weight (307.23g/bird) than the female (251.33g/bird). After 4 weeks of rearing, male turkeys attained significantly higher (p<0.01) live body weight (424.46g/bird) than the female turkeys (347.87g/bird). The weekly average body weight gains of male and female birds were 94.18g/bird and 76.5g/bird, respectively. Thus, the male and female birds were successfully identified on the basis of differences in their body weight. Weekly feed intake for both the male and female birds was also increased with their age. Up to 4 weeks of age, both the male and female poults consumed same amount of feed (753.46g/bird). The FCR of male and female poults differed non-significantly in 1st, 3rd and 4th week. On the contrary, in 2nd week of age the FCR of male poults (1.60) was significantly lower (p<0.01) than female (2.11). Survivability was 100% up to 4th week of age irrespective of sex of the poults. The birds were reared up to 12 weeks of age until to confirm their sex by observation of the phenotypic appearance. Results of the phenotypic observation of male and female birds correspondence hundred percent accuracy with the results obtained in body weight based differences between male and female birds. It is therefore concluded that farmers can identify male or female poults as early as first week of age on the basis of body weight differences.

Progressive Agriculture 31 (3): 218-226, 2020
Adaptive evolution of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its application in co-culture with Saccharomyces kudriavzevii in the production of fermented Myrciaria jaboticaba
Authors: Santos Julie Evany dos , Oliveira Tatianne Ferreira de , Freitas Fernanda Ferreira , Silva Maria Carolina Santos , Castiglioni Gabriel Luis
Published: March 2021

The objective of this work was to apply the adaptive evolution technique using the Saccharomyces cerevisiae T73 strain to increase its tolerance to ethanol and to evaluate its behavior in co-culture with Saccharomyces kudriavzevii CR85 in the production of fermented Myrciaria jaboticaba. Fermentations were carried out at 25 °C for 186 hours under agitation of 150 rpm, according to a central. The consumption of sugar, ethanol, glycerol and acetic acid formed during the fermentation process was evaluated. The results showed that there is an improvement in ethanol tolerance in S. cerevisiae T73 when submitted to the evolution process. Its use for the production of fermentation of Myrciaria jaboticaba in co-culture shows that the highest yield was observed when 0.0372 g.L-1 and 0.0648 g.L-1 of S. cerevisiae T73 PE (that underwent evolution) and CR85 respectively. These results differed statistically from the experiments using the original T73 strain. Regarding the production of ethanol in co-culture there is a significant increase when using the evolved T73 strain, showing possible changes in the primary metabolism of the ethanol production process, due to the changes promoted during the adaptive evolution of the T73 strain. The results show the potential of the new strain for the production of fermented with higher concentrations of sugars in the must.
Crescimento do jundiá (Rhamdia quelen) criado em tanques-rede com diferentes níveis de proteína e energia na dieta
Authors: Reidel Adilson , Signor Arcangelo Augusto , Feiden Aldi , Boscolo Wilson Rogerio , Romagoza Elizabeth
Published: March 2021

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o crescimento de juvenis de jundiá, Rhamdia quelen, criados em tanques-rede, alimentados com rações com diferentes níveis de proteína e energia, durante 324 dias. Foram utilizados 6.300 peixes, com peso médio de 47,39±14,06g, os quais foram distribuídos em 18 tanques-rede de 5m³ (1,70m X 1,70m X 2,00m), com densidade de 70 peixes/m3 (350 peixes/tanques-rede). O delineamento experimental foi em esquema fatorial (3x2x3) sendo: três níveis de proteína bruta (25, 30 e 35%), dois níveis de energia digestível (3250 e 3500 kcal) e três repetições. O arraçoamento foi realizado duas vezes ao dia (9 e 17h) sendo ofertada 50% da ração calculada (10% do peso dos animais) em cada alimentação. Observou-se influência positiva dos níveis proteicos da dieta sobre o peso final dos juvenis de jundia até o nível de 30% de proteína bruta. Com relação a conversão alimentar aparente, observou-se melhores resultados quando alimentados com dietas acima de 30% de proteína bruta. O jundiá, R. quelen, apresenta melhor desempenho produtivo com ração contendo 30% de PB, independentemente das concentrações de ED, contudo, recomenda-se o uso de 3.250 kcal de ED/kg.
Espacialização pelo método da Krigagem nas variabilidades pluvial, evapotranspiração e evaporação no Estado do Pernambuco – Brasil
Authors: Medeiros Raimundo Mainar de , Holanda Romildo Morant de , Saboya Luciano Marcelo Fallé , Rolim Neto Fernando Cartaxo , Araújo Wagner Rodolfo de , França Manoel Vieira de
Published: March 2021

Objetiva-se especializar pelo método da krigagem os elementos precipitação, evapotranspiração e evaporação prováveis ao nível de 75% de probabilidade para 187 municípios gerando suas cartas e informações para os tomadores de decisões governamentais. Utilizaram-se dados de precipitação e temperatura média para gerar a evapotranspiração e evaporação mensal pelo método do balanço hídrico segundo Thornthwaite, com média de 40 anos, realizou análise no tocante à sua consistência, homogeneização e no preenchimento de falhas pelo método da média ponderada pelo o inverso da distância ao quadrado em cada série. As cartas foram geradas com a interpolação dos dados prováveis obtidos da precipitação, evapotranspiração e evaporação, com o programa Surfer 8.0. O método empregado para a interpolação dos dados foi a krigagem ordinária. A análise realizada neste estudo representa uma aproximação das potencialidades em termos de clima, recursos hídricos e das reais necessidades de água para as principais atividades de importância socioeconômica, visualizadas através do balanço hídrico. A probabilidade de 75% nos índices pluviais foi levada nas estações verão e outono na região litorânea, zona da Mata e Agreste. Nas estações primavera e inverno as contribuições pluviais foram decorrentes dos efeitos locais, orografia e dos sistemas de escala locais ocasionando chuvas fracas a moderada em curto intervalo de tempo. Na falta de elementos meteorológica necessária para determinar a evapotranspiração, a equação de Thornthwaite pode ser utilizada com razoável precisão para estimativa da evapotranspiração na área estudada.
Judicialização da saúde: conhecimentos de estudantes de enfermagem, medicina e direito
Authors: Paloski Gabriela do Rosário , Barlem Jamila Geri Tomaschewski , Castanheira Janaína Sena , Brum Aline Neutzling , Moraes Cristiane Lima de , Nicola Glaucia Dal Omo
Published: March 2021

Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar o conhecimento de estudantes de Enfermagem, Medicina e Direito acerca da judicialização da saúde. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, exploratório e descritivo, realizado com 117 estudantes dos cursos de enfermagem, medicina e direito, por meio da aplicação de um questionário elaborado pelos autores do trabalho. A coleta de dados ocorreu no mês de março a maio de 2019. A análise ocorreu por meio do software estatístico Statistical Package for Social Sciences versão 22.0. Com base nos resultados, em relação à formação acadêmica, os estudantes apontam que há necessidade de maior ênfase no desenvolvimento de pensamento ético, crítico e reflexivo para a judicialização da saúde. Dessa forma, pode-se concluir que há necessidade de discussão e ampliação dos espaços de formação acadêmica e profissional dos cursos da saúde e direito acerca da judicialização da saúde.
Manejo de osteomielite mandibular em paciente pediátrico: relato de caso
Authors: Gonçalves Kalyne Kelly Negromonte , Mendonça Thawan Lucas Rodrigues , Nascimento Vitória Helena Sales do , Costa Neto Olímpio Francisco da , Diniz Demóstenes Alves , Souza Júnior Francisco Alves de , Santos Marcelo Soares dos , Silva Caio César Gonçalves , Barros Allan Vinícius Martins de , Lago Carlos Augusto Pereira do , Vasconcelos Belmiro Cavalcanti do Egito
Published: March 2021

A osteomielite é um processo inflamatório agudo ou crônico dos espaços medulares ou corticais do osso. Em sua maioria é causada por infecção bacteriana resultando em uma destruição lítica e expansiva do osso envolvido, com supuração e formação de sequestro ósseo. É rara em pacientes pediátricos e a prevalência é maior em pacientes do sexo masculino, sendo a mandíbula o osso mais acometido. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar um caso clínico de uma criança com osteomielite, discutindo o correto diagnóstico, seu tratamento cirúrgico e protocolo farmacológico. Paciente do sexo feminino, 11 anos de idade, com quadro de aumento de volume em espaço mastigatório submandibular esquerdo após exodontia do elemento dentário 36, com presença de sinais flogísticos. Ao exame radiográfico apresentava lesão radiolúcida irregular compatível com sequestros ósseos, sugestivo de osteomielite. Protocolo farmacológico baseado em antibioticoterapia de amplo espectro foi instituído e cirurgicamente foi realizada limpeza e curetagem óssea. Sabe-se que a osteomielite é uma complicação comumente associada a pacientes imunodeprimidos, porém pode ocorrer eventualmente em pacientes hígidos, sendo o tratamento e diagnóstico precoce fundamental, principalmente em pacientes pediátricos, pois a mesma torna-se uma potencial causa para quadros infecciosos mais graves e complexos, podendo disseminar-se e alcançar estruturas nobres como os seios cavernosos, levando à morte.
Social environment mediates habitat shifts in a range-restricted giant limpet
Authors: Kim JJH , Liggins L , Aguirre JD
Published: March 2021

The individuals of many species shift habitats at different stages in their lives. Sometimes, these habitat shifts coincide with an ontogenetic transition. These ontogenetic habitat shifts can allow species to access nutritional resources, avoid conspecific aggression or predation, or secure breeding opportunities when it is advantageous to do so. The Kermadec Islands giant limpet Scutellastra kermadecensis is a protandrous hermaphrodite endemic to Rangitāhua, the Kermadec Islands. These limpets have an unusual habit whereby small limpets (piggies) piggy-back on the shells of larger individuals rather than living on the rocky substrate. We investigated whether the ontogenetic habitat shift between the piggy-backing and rock-attached limpets was determined by the availability of free space on the rock or whether the ontogenetic habitat shift was a response to the properties of the surrounding limpet population. We found that the available rock space did not influence the size at which an individual transitioned from being a piggy to being rock-attached. Furthermore, larger rock-attached limpets were more likely to have piggies, they had more piggies, and the piggies were larger. Overall, our results suggest that Kermadec giant limpets are motivated to piggy-back by the properties of the social environment rather than space constraints. The piggy-backing behaviour may be a mechanism to avoid bulldozing by larger limpets, to access grazing opportunities on the shells of larger limpets, and/or to monopolise breeding opportunities with larger rock-attached females. We discuss the repercussions of this life-history strategy for this extremely range-restricted species, with reference to how these populations may be monitored and maintained.
Use of allogenic stem cells for the prevention of bone bridge formation in miniature pigs
Authors: Plánka L , Nečas A , Srnec R , Raušer P , Starý D , Jančář J , Amler E , Filová E , Hlučilová J , Křen L , Gál P
Published: March 2021

This study appears from an experiment previously carried out in
New Zealand white rabbits. Allogenic mesenchymal stem cells
(MSCs) were transplanted into an iatrogenically-created defect in
the lateral section of the distal physis of the left femur in 10
miniature pigs. The right femur with the same defect served as a
control. To transfer MSCs, a freshly prepared porous scaffold was
used, based on collagen and chitosan, constituting a compact
tube into which MSCs were implanted. The pigs were euthanized
four months after the transplantation. On average, the left femur
with transplanted MSCs grew more in length (0.56±0.14 cm)
compared with right femurs with physeal defect without
transplanted MSCs (0.14±0.3 cm). The average angular (valgus)
deformity of the left femur had an angle point of 0.78°, following
measurement and X-ray examination, whereas in the right femur
without transplantation it was 3.7°. The initial results indicate
that preventive transplantation of MSCs into a physeal defect
may prevent valgus deformity formation and probably also
reduce disorders of the longitudinal bone growth. This part of our
experiment is significant in the effort to advance MSCs
application in human medicine by using pig as a model, which is
the next step after experimenting on rabbits.
Hyperoxia blunts acute hypoxia- and PGF2α-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction in chronically hypoxic rats
Authors: Žaloudíková M , Vízek M , Herget J
Published: March 2021

We investigated the influence of oxygenation of in vitro lung
preparation on the pulmonary vascular reactivity. Small
pulmonary vessels isolated from adult male Wistar rats exposed
for 4 days to hypoxia (FiO2 = 0.1, group CH) were compared with
those of normoxic controls (group N). The bath in the chamber of
small vessel myograph was saturated with gas mixture containing
either 21 % or 95 % of O2 with 5 % CO2 and we measured the
reactions of vessels to acute hypoxic challenge with 0 % O2 or to
PGF2α. We did not observe any difference of the contractile
responses between both groups when the normoxic conditions
were set in the bath. When the bath oxygenation was increased
to 95 % O2, the contractions induced by hypoxic challenge and
PGF2α decreased in chronically hypoxic rats and did not change in
normoxic controls. We hypothesize that reduced reactivity of
vessels from hypoxic rats in hyperoxia results from the effect of
chronic hypoxia on Ca2+ signaling in the vascular smooth muscle,
which is modulated by increased free radical production during
the exposure to chronic hypoxia and further hyperoxia.
DESAIN USER INTERFACE GAME FAIRPLAY POKER MENGGUNAKAN METODE UCD (USER CENTERED DESIGN)
Authors: Bastian Henry , Saputro Godham Eko
Published: March 2021

AbstrakDi Indonesia, salah satu permainan yang menjadi kegemaran adalah bermain game Poker. Poker merupakan permainan kartu aturan yang dapat dimainkan secara langsung maupun lewat internet. Game Poker online adalah salah satu sarana efektif untuk menghabiskan waktu sekaligus hiburan kesenangan bermain poker dengan banyak orang. Salah satu game Poker yang terkenal adalah Zynga Poker. Pencarian data yang ditemukan bahwasannya permainan tersebut mempunyai kekurangan pada bagian user interface yang berat saat digunakan sehingga penulis mencoba untuk membuat user interface game online sejenis menggunakan metode UCD (User-Centered Design) dengan nama game FairPlay Poker. Desain yang dihasilkan adalah desain ilustrasi 2D yang digunakan dengan lebih ringan. Kata kunci: Game, metode UCD, User interface, Poker, AbstractIn Indonesia, one of the favorite online games is poker. Poker is a card game with some rules that can be played directly or via the internet. Online Poker game is one of the effective media to spend time and amuse pleasure by playing poker with peoples. The Infamous Poker game is known as Zynga Poker. From the data search that had been done, the game still has a few weaknesses in the heavy User Interface that the authors try to develop a similar user interface poker game. Which name the Fairplay Poker using UCD (User-Centered Design) methodology. A design resulted in an illustration designed in 2D that can improve loading with lighter. Keywords: Game, UCD Method, User interface, Fairplay
KAJIAN USABILITY APLIKASI CANVA (STUDI KASUS PENGGUNA MAHASISWA DESAIN)
Authors: Rahmasari Erisa Adyati , Yogananti Auria F.
Published: March 2021

Abstrak Kemudahan mendesain saat ini ditawarkan oleh platform desain melalui website maupun aplikasi. Canva merupakan salah satu best platform yang digunakan untuk mendesain. Canva dapat dengan digunakan melalui website dan aplikasi mobile. Canva didesain dengan kelengkapan fitur dan template yang memudahkan seseorang mendesain seperti mendesain poster, kartu ucapan, brosur, infografis hingga presentasi dalam waktu yang singkat. Hal tersebutlah yang membuat Canva digunakan pula oleh mahasiswa. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui usability dari aplikasi Canva dengan tujuan mengetahui pengalaman pengguna dalam hal ini mahasiswa terhadap aplikasi tersebut karena ditemukan ketidakpuasan pada saat menggunakan aplikasi Canva. Metode kualitatif-kuantitatif digunakan untuk mendiskripsikan secara detail hasil wawancara langsung dan hasil angket yang diberikan. Analisa aplikasi menggunakan poin Usability yakni berkaitan dengan learnability, efficiency, memorability, error dan satisfaction untuk mengetahui pengalaman pengguna dan dipadukan dengan metode Important Performance Analysis (IPA). Dari analisa yang dilakukan pada aplikasi Canva diketahui bahwa untuk meningkatkan usability, kemudahan aksesibilitas serta kepuasan pengguna ketika menemukan error dan memperbaiki error harus diperbaiki. Selain itu, aplikasi Canva perlu memperbaiki alur dan akurasi waktu saat penggunaan aplikasi. Poin usability yang perlu dipertahankan adalah kemudahan saat mengenali simbol-simbol, dan sistem serta efisiensi navigasi. Kata Kunci: aplikasi, Canva, desain, usability, user experience AbstractThe convenience of design also offered a design platform through a website or application. Canva is one of the best platforms used to design. Canva can be used through the website and mobile application. Canva was designed with the features and templates that can help someone make the design like a poster design, a greeting, brochures, infographic until a presentation in a limited time. Those things made Canva also used by university students. This study was conducted to appraise the usability to learn user experiences, in this case, are students toward the application because dissatisfaction found when Canva application used. The mixed-method is used to describe the detailed result of direct interviews and surveys. The analysis used the usability point associate with learnability, efficiency, memorability, error, and satisfaction to understanding the user experience combined with Important Performance Analysis (IPA). From the analysis that has been done, to increase usability, ease accessibility, and user satisfaction when a user found error and fix error must be repaired. Furthermore, the Canva application needs to correct user flow and time accuracy when using the application. Moreover, Usability points that need to maintain are convenience when recognizing symbols, system, and navigation efficiency. Keywords: Application, Canva, Design, Usability, User Experience
A FRAMEWORK TO DESIGN MASCOT CHARACTER AS SUPPORTING TOOL FOR CITY BRANDING BASED ON YURU-CHARA CONCEPT
Authors: Wiratmo Triyadi Guntur , Grahita Banung , Maslan Riama , Fadillah Fadillah , Ratri Dianing
Published: March 2021

AbstrakPemanfaatan maskot, yang juga disebut "Yuru-chara", untuk place branding. adalah hal yang biasa dilakukan di Jepang. Dalam beberapa kasus, seperti Kumamon yang digunakan sebagai maskot kota Kumamoto, terbukti sukses. Beberapa tahun terakhir kota-kota di Indonesia seperti Surabaya, Malang, dan Balikpapan telah mencoba menggunakan maskot dalam membentuk citra kotanya. Meski demikian, sebagian besar maskot tersebut tidak diterima dengan baik oleh masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan kerangka kerja praktis dalam merancang maskot yang efektif untuk city branding yang menarik bagi publik dan merepresentasikan kota dengan baik. Framework tersebut dibuat dengan mengadopsi pendekatan desain yang digunakan untuk mendesain Yuru-chara di Jepang dengan menggunakan Metodologi Penelitian Desain. Hasilnya, kerangka kerja desain yang terdiri dari empat tahap, yaitu 1) menentukan pesan, (2) membuat penamaan, (3) mendesain, (4) menciptakan dan memelihara visibilitas dapat dikembangkan. Berdasarkan evaluasi yang dilakukan oleh para desainer dan ahli, ditemukan bahwa framework tersebut dapat dimengerti dan berguna untuk menciptakan desain maskot yang menarik, tetapi memiliki kelemahan untuk memenuhi tujuan city branding. Sebagai rekomendasi, perlu ditambahkan tahapan penelitian yang mendalam sebagai proses pendefinisian pesan yang digunakan sebagai dasar ide desain. Kata Kunci: yuruchara, desain maskot, desain karakter, city branding, metode desain  AbstractThe utilization of a mascot called “Yuru-chara” for place branding is a common practice in Japan. In several cases, for instance, Kumamon, the mascot of Kumamoto city proven to be successful. In recent years, cities in Indonesia such as Surabaya, Malang, and Balikpapan have tried to use mascots in their city branding. Nevertheless, most of the mascots are not well-received by the public. This research intends to find a practical framework to design an effective mascot for city branding that is appealing to the public and properly represents the city. The framework is created by adopting the design approach that is used for designing Yuru-chara in Japan, using Design Research Methodology.  As a result, a design framework that consists of four phases, which are 1) specifying message, (2) creating naming, (3) designing, (4) creating and maintaining visibility to developed. Based on the evaluation performed by designers and experts, it is discovered that the framework is understandable and useful for creating appealing mascot design, but has a weakness to fulfill the city branding purpose. As a recommendation, an in-depth research phase needs to be added as a process for defining the message used for the basis of the design idea.  Keywords: yuru-chara, mascot design, character design, city branding, design method
Using scRNA-seq to Identify Transcriptional Variation in the Malaria Parasite Ookinete Stage
Authors: Witmer Kathrin , Dahalan Farah Aida , Metcalf Tom , Talman Arthur M. , Howick Virginia M. , Lawniczak Mara K. N.
Published: March 2021

The crossing of the mosquito midgut epithelium by the malaria parasite motile ookinete form represents the most extreme population bottleneck in the parasite life cycle and is a prime target for transmission blocking strategies. However, we have little understanding of the clonal variation that exists in a population of ookinetes in the vector, partially because the parasites are difficult to access and are found in low numbers. Within a vector, variation may result as a response to specific environmental cues or may exist independent of those cues as a potential bet-hedging strategy. Here we use single-cell RNA-seq to profile transcriptional variation in Plasmodium berghei ookinetes across different vector species, and between and within individual midguts. We then compare our results to low-input transcriptomes from individual Anopheles coluzzii midguts infected with the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Although the vast majority of transcriptional changes in ookinetes are driven by development, we have identified candidate genes that may be responding to environmental cues or are clonally variant within a population. Our results illustrate the value of single-cell and low-input technologies in understanding clonal variation of parasite populations.
Current Status and Future Targeted Therapy in Adrenocortical Cancer
Authors: Alyateem George , Nilubol Naris
Published: March 2021

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy with a poor prognosis. The current treatment standards include complete surgical resection for localized resectable disease and systemic therapy with mitotane alone or in combination with etoposide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin in patients with advanced ACC. However, the efficacy of systemic therapy in ACC is very limited, with high rates of toxicities. The understanding of altered molecular pathways is critically important to identify effective treatment options that currently do not exist. In this review, we discuss the results of recent advanced in molecular profiling of ACC with the focus on dysregulated pathways from various genomic and epigenetic dysregulation. We discuss the potential translational therapeutic implication of molecular alterations. In addition, we review and summarize the results of recent clinical trials and ongoing trials.
Tumor Microenvironment Analysis Identified Subtypes Associated With the Prognosis and the Tumor Response to Immunotherapy in Bladder Cancer
Authors: Zhang Hongxian , Song Jiwen , Dong Junqiang , Liu Zhuo , Lin Lixuan , Wang Bing , Ma Qiang , Ma Lulin
Published: March 2021

Background: The efficiency of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in bladder cancer (BLCA) treatment has been widely validated; however, the tumor response to ICIs was generally low. It is critical and urgent to find biomarkers that can predict tumor response to ICIs. The tumor microenvironment (TME), which may play important roles to either dampen or enhance immune responses, has been widely concerned.

Methods: The cancer genome atlas BLCA (TCGA-BLCA) cohort (n = 400) was used in this study. Based on the proportions of 22 types of immune cells calculated by CIBERSORT, TME was classified by K-means Clustering and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were determined. Based on DEGs, patients were classified into three groups, and cluster signature genes were identified after reducing redundant genes. Then TMEscore was calculated based on cluster signature genes, and the samples were classified to two subtypes. We performed somatic mutation and copy number variation analysis to identify the genetic characteristics of the two subtypes. Correlation analysis was performed to explore the correlation between TMEscore and the tumor response to ICIs as well as the prognosis of BLCA.

Results: According to the proportions of immune cells, two TME clusters were determined, and 1,144 DEGs and 138 cluster signature genes were identified. Based on cluster signature genes, samples were classified into TMEscore-high (n = 199) and TMEscore-low (n = 201) subtypes. Survival analysis showed patients with TMEscore-high phenotype had better prognosis. Among the 45 differentially expressed micro-RNAs (miRNAs) and 1,033 differentially expressed messenger RNAs (mRNAs) between the two subtypes, 16 miRNAs and 287 mRNAs had statistically significant impact on the prognosis of BLCA. Furthermore, there were 94 genes with significant differences between the two subtypes, and they were enriched in RTK-RAS, NOTCH, WNT, Hippo, and PI3K pathways. The Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) score of TMEscore-high BLCA was statistically lower than that of TMEscore-low BLCA. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of TMEscore and tumor mutation burden (TMB) is 0.6918 and 0.5374, respectively.

Conclusion: We developed a method to classify BLCA patients to two TME subtypes, TMEscore-high and TMEscore-low, and we found TMEscore-high subtype of BLCA had a good prognosis and a good response to ICIs.