bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EU-China Comprehensive Agreement on Investment – A Rebalancing of Investment Relations
Authors: O’Reilly Ronan
Published: July 2024

The EU-China Comprehensive Agreement on Investment represents a
significant milestone in the trading and investment relationship of two of the
world’s largest economies. This article examines the key provisions of the
agreement in principle and the changes they would bring for EU investors and
foreign direct investment flows. Additionally, this article analyses the gaps
in the agreement and seeks to shed some light on the possible future direction
of travel in the areas of investment protection and investor-state dispute
settlement. It also assesses whether the provisions on sustainability actually
advance the EU’s value-based trade agenda.
Why Are Wrongful Acts Committed by Rebels during a Civil War Attributable to the State When They Are Successful? – A Critical Analysis of Theory and Practice
Authors: Dumberry Patrick
Published: July 2024

Based on an analysis of State practice and case law, this article
examines the theoretical justifications which have been put forward by
scholars, the ILC and international tribunals to explain why, under Article 10
of the ILC Articles on State responsibility, the wrongful acts committed by
rebels during an insurrection or a civil war are attributable to the State once
they are victorious and have replaced the government. It will show that while
the ILC ultimately relied on the existence of a ‘continuity’ between the
insurgents and the new government, the vast majority of awards have referred
instead to a number of other (less convincing) justifications, such as the fact
that insurgents were during the rebellion exercising their authority as a ‘de
facto government’ or that their victory represented the ‘national will’ of the
people. The theoretical rationale behind the well-established principle under
Article 10 is therefore not as solid as one would have thought. These findings
are relevant to investment tribunals having to address in an increasing number
of cases questions of State responsibility and attribution arising from rebels’
conduct in situations of civil wars.
The Renewed Role of States in Investment Arbitration – Report of the 6th EFILA Annual Conference 2021
Authors: Robach Malcolm , Hristova Velislava
Published: July 2024

The 6th EFILA Annual Conference dedicated to ‘The Renewed Role of States
in Arbitration’ was hosted virtually by Herbert Smith Freehills on 14 and 15
January 2021. The first panel kicked off the Conference by discussing ‘The
Renewed role of States in Arbitration’. This was followed by a keynote speech
by Prof. Gary Born on the ‘Multilateral Investment Court’. The second panel
then debated the points raised by the keynote. The second day of the Conference
began with a panel on the ‘Toolbox of States against Claimants’ and was
followed by a panel on ‘Best Practices for Defending Investor-State Damage
Claims on Quantum’. This report provides an overview of each of the panel
discussions as well as the keynote speech. The 6th EFILA Annual Conference,
which took place online on 14 and 15 January 2021, was devoted to the theme
‘The Renewed Role of States in Arbitration’. The Conference was introduced by
Prof. Loukas Mistelis (Queen Mary University of London and EFILA). In his
opening remarks, Prof. Mistelis observed that a debate on the legitimacy of
investment arbitration has developed in the past 15 years. He noted that States
are progressively seeking to regain the primary role in the investment
law-making and dispute resolution processes, and EFILA is attentive to this
trend.
States’ and Investors’ Views on ISDS Reforms – Closer than One Would Expect
Authors: Rao Giammarco , Croft Caroline
Published: July 2024

The ISDS regime has received a number of criticisms in the last 15
years, which has led to the current reform efforts under the UNCITRAL Working
Group III. Unfortunately, investors do not have any concrete representation in
that process, hence the need to fill this gap. In this context, in 2020 the
School of International Arbitration at the Centre for Commercial Law Studies,
Queen Mary University of London (QM), conducted a survey on investors’ views on
the reform process (QM survey). This article uses the findings of the QM survey
to compare States’ and investors’ views on the reform process. Despite being
often represented as two conflicting and irreconcilable views, they are closer
than one would expect. In light of this, it concludes by suggesting how one can
use the QM survey results to focus reform efforts and achieve better results
for all stakeholders.
Intra-EU Application of the Energy Charter Treaty: A Critical Analysis of the CJEU’s Ruling in Republic of Moldova
Authors: Paschalidis Paschalis
Published: July 2024

In its recent judgment in Republic of Moldova (also
known as the Komstroy case), the Court of Justice of the
European Union (CJEU) took the view that the arbitration clause contained in
Article 26(2)(c) of the Energy Charter Treaty (ECT) does not apply to intra-EU
investor-State disputes. This article provides a critical analysis of this
ruling and highlights the methodological flaws of its reasoning. As part of
this analysis, it discusses the implications of the Energy Charter Treaty’s
nature as a “mixed agreement” for the scope of application of Article 26(2)(c)
and the CJEU’s jurisdiction to interpret the ECT. It also discusses the proper
interpretation of Article 26(2)(c) pursuant to the rules on treaty
interpretation laid down in the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties,
including with the help of documents from the ECT’s travaux
préparatoires. Finally, the article deals with Republic of Moldova consequences
– or rather the lack thereof – for arbitral tribunals and the courts of non-EU
countries.
Green Power K/S and SCE Solar Don Benito APS v Kingdom of Spain: How EU Law Allegedly Trumps International Investment Law
Authors: Lavranos Nikos
Published: July 2024

The Green Power arbitral tribunal is the first tribunal
ever (and so far, the only one) that accepted the EU law jurisdictional
objections raised by an EU Member State. For this reason alone, this decision
is historic. Instead of adopting a public international law perspective for
determining the question whether it has jurisdiction, the arbitral tribunal
adopted an European law perspective and therefore considered itself bound by
the CJEU jurisprudence regarding Achmea and Komstroy.
With its decision, which came out only a week before the Contracting Parties to
the ECT concluded their modernisation negotiations in which the EU and its
Member States agreed to carve out the arbitration provision for intra-EU ECT
disputes, the arbitral tribunal showed that it had a good sense of what was to
come in any event. The consequences of all this are that European investors
will be stuck with the domestic courts of the Member States and the European
Court of Human Rights – with all their limitations.
Enforcing Sustainability: Assessing the Effectiveness of the EU’s Trade and Investment Policy in Promoting and Implementing Sustainable Development Provisions
Authors: Olmos Giupponi Belen
Published: July 2024

After the Lisbon Treaty, the European Union (EU) has prioritized sustainable development as a key aspect of its external trade and investment policy. This emphasis on sustainability has been reinforced through treaty- making and has received support from the Court of Justice of the European Union (cjeu). However, there are notable variations and nuances in the understanding and implementation of sustainability in the EU’s treaties. Moreover, these treaties introduce innovative dispute resolution mechanisms, such as arbitration and alternative dispute resolution methods, which can significantly impact international dispute settlement practices. Opinion 2/ 15 on the EU- Singapore Free Trade Agreement marked a crucial moment in clarifying the scope and nature of sustainable development chapters within the EU’s trade and investment policy. Different agreements concluded after the Lisbon Treaty reflect diverse approaches to sustainability. In the context of environmental protection, these agreements encompass a range of provisions, from generic to more specific clauses addressing particular aspects. This article critically analyzes the effectiveness and scope of “green conditionality” within the Sustainable Development Chapters of EUestablished Trade and Investment Agreements. It examines the incorporation of environmental provisions in these agreements, evaluates their role in promoting sustainable development objectives, and explores the implications of dispute settlement and international arbitration mechanisms. This analysis aims to provide a cutting- edge perspective on the topic.
Article: German Federal Supreme Court Declares Intra-EU Investor-State ICSID Arbitration Inadmissible
Authors: Wettstein Eva-Maria , Schöttmer Lisa
Published: July 2024

In 2018, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) declared arbitration clauses in intra-EU bilateral investment treaties (BITs) incompatible with EU law, extending this ruling to multilateral investment protection agreements such as the Energy Charter Treaty (ECT) in 2021. Section 1032 II German Code of Civil Procedure (ZPO), a provision solely known to German law, allows for the invalidation of arbitration agreements even before the stage of enforcement. The Netherlands and Germany sought to apply this provision to intra-EU International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) arbitrations, resulting in conflicting decisions by the Higher Regional Court Cologne and the Court of Appeal Berlin. On 27 July 2023, the German Federal Supreme Court affirmed the inadmissibility of the intra-EU investor-state arbitrations at ICSID, aligning with the previous decisions of the Higher Regional Court Cologne and the CJEU. Among other considerations, the German Federal Supreme Court ruled on the applicability of section 1032 II ZPO to ICSID arbitration proceedings, primarily justifying its decision by emphasizing the primacy of EU law. This case note analyses the German Federal Supreme Court’s reasoning and provides insights into the practical implications and the broader impact on intra-EU investment arbitration proceedings.
Article: Intra-EU BITs and Achmea: On a Collision Course With Strasbourg?
Authors: Spano Robert
Published: July 2024

The lecture discussed whether an European Union (‘EU’) Member State’s national court’s refusal to recognize and/or enforce a valid claim in the form of a final intra-EU arbitration award on the basis of the Court of Justice of the EU’s (CJEU’s) decision in Slowakische Republik v. Achmea BV and its progeny may infringe the right to the peaceful enjoyment of possessions, guaranteed by Article 1 of Protocol No. 1 of the European Convention Human Rights (ECHR). It sets out the legal analysis that the European Court of Human Rights might apply in assessing that issue, and the interaction between EU Member States’ obligations under the ECHR, EU law and the Convention on the Settlement of Investment Disputes between states and Nationals of Other States.
THE ROLE OF AIR TEMPERATURE AND DEW POINT DURING FOG RECURRENCES ON THE ABSHERON PENINSULA (AZERBAIJAN)
Authors: Mammadova H. ,   National Aviation Academy AZ1044
Published: July 2024

The article focuses on the characteristics of air temperature and dew point changes observed during repeated fog events in the Absheron Peninsula in 2000...2022. For this purpose, continuous observation data of Heydar Aliyev International Airport was used. Here is an analysis of all types of fog by month of occurrence. The limits of total fog, Meteorological Optical Range ≤ 500 m. and 501...1000 m. are considered in the analysis. Repeating such criteria, attention was paid to the recorded air temperature and dew point indicators for I...III, IV...VI and X...XII months of the year. The analyzes show that the fogs observed in the peninsula are mostly recorded at a temperature of 6...8 0C. The most commonly observed dew point temperature ranges of 0,0...0,3 0C and 1,0...1,2 0C at all ranges of MOR in fog repeats. The results of the research are of particular importance for the planning of the work of all transport areas and the forecast of fogs.
DETERMINATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL OXIDATION ZONES AT URANIUM DEPOSITS IN KAZAKHSTAN USING MACHINE LEARNING METHODS MACHINE LEARNING
Authors: Abramov K. ,   Institute of Information and Computational Technologies MSHE RK, Kuchin Y. , Mukhamedieva E. , Yunicheva N. ,   Institute of Information and Computational Technologies MSHE RK,   Satbayev University (KazNRTU),   Institute of Information and Computational Technologies MSHE RK,   Institute of Information and Computational Technologies MSHE RK,   Almaty University of Power Engineering and Telecommunications (AUPET)
Published: July 2024

The determination of technological acidification zones in uranium deposits during leaching is necessary for precise control and optimization of the uranium extraction process. Incorrect determination of the technological acidification zone can lead to excessive use of acidic reagents, which not only increases costs, but also can cause undesirable environmental consequences. The paper proposes an approach to solving issues related to the manual determination of zones of technological acidification in uranium deposits in Kazakhstan. The approach includes the study of machine learning algorithms to automate the identification of these critical areas. The use of artificial neural network (ANN) models and the extreme gradient boosting (XGB) model has shown its effectiveness in automating and improving the identification of these important zones during the mining of uranium deposits by underground borehole leaching. Thus, the accuracy of acidification intervals according to the F1-score metric for the ANN model is 0,75, and for the XGB model it is 0,80.
ASSESSMENT OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SURFACE AND GROUNDWATER OF THE SYRDARIA RIVER (WITHIN KAZAKHSTAN)
Authors: Zagidullina A. ,   Institute of Geography and Water Security, Kulebayev K. ,   Central Asian Regional Glaciological Centre (category 2) under the auspices of UNESCO
Published: July 2024

This study analyzes and evaluates the relationship of surface and groundwater of the Syrdarya River within Kazakhstan. The share of groundwater recharge of the river was calculated by two methods: by genetically partitioning the total runoff hydrograph and by calculating low f low. The difference of groundwater flow into the river between the selected hydrostations is also calculated. A comparison of the obtained results for the quasi-natural and disturbed periods is made. In natural conditions, the infiltration of river runoff into underground horizons prevailed along the length of the Syrdarya River, however, under the influence of anthropogenic activity, the picture changed to the opposite: the discharge of groundwater prevails along the length of the Syrdarya River, including the emergence of filtration waters below the dam of the Shardara HPP, collector-drainage and discharge waters from irrigation f ields of the adjacent territory. Also, apparently, the truncation of spring flood peaks leads to an increase in the groundwater level and an increase in the share of underground river supply. Recommendations for the application of the methods used in the work are given.
DINÂMICA DO USO E COBERTURA DA TERRA NO PROJETO DE ASSENTAMENTO SÃO SEBASTIÃO DO XINGU, SUDESTE PARAENSE
Authors: Santos Gabriel Garreto dos , Neris João Paulo Ferreira , Olinda Douglas Rodrigues , Santos Maciel Garreto dos , Silva Antonio Elison da , Silva Joélen Carla Pastana da , Lélis Alexandre da Trindade , Silva Rejane de Araújo
Published: July 2024

Os projetos de assentamentos de reforma agrária da Amazônia Legal têm sido recentemente foco de discussão quanto à sua participação no processo de desmatamento e modificações da paisagem dos biomas brasileiros. Nesse contexto, este trabalho objetivou avaliar a dinâmica do uso e cobertura da terra no Projeto de Assentamento São Sebastião do Xingu, município de São Félix do Xingu (PA), entre os anos de 2000 a 2020, identificando os principais processos socioeconômicos que induziram a perda da cobertura florestal. Para tanto, foram utilizados dados de sensoriamento remoto manejados em ambiente de Sistemas de Informações Geográficas para o processamento e geração dos dados. Os resultados mostraram uma expansão do desmatamento no assentamento, que perdeu 6.236,55 hectares de vegetação nativa. Essa taxa representa cerca de 54,30% de floresta perdida e convertida em outros usos, como as atividades agropecuárias, que representaram, no ano de 2020, 56,33% do total da área de estudo. Assim, é de extrema importância a consolidação de políticas públicas compatíveis com a realidade de cada assentamento, bem como a criação, disseminação e acesso a meios para a inserção de sistemas agrícolas com produções mais sustentáveis. Por fim, para este caso, os sistemas silvipastoris são uma opção, pois permitem o consórcio entre espécies florestais, frutíferas, criação de animais e produção de pastagem em uma mesma área, contribuindo para que os agricultores tenham uma diversificação de produtos agrícolas e ainda auxiliem na recuperação de áreas degradadas e proteção do meio ambiente.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UMA ESTAÇÃO TRANSMISSORA AUTÔNOMA PIEZOMÉTRICA: SENSORIAMENTO REMOTO PARA BARRAGENS
Authors: Fonseca Farley Cardoso , Silva Herbert Souza e , Costa Luiz Carlos Brant , Almeida Ruy Kennedy , Mata Jônatas Franco Campos da
Published: July 2024

A instrumentação geotécnica é um conjunto de recursos de medição ostensivamente empregados na segurança de barragens. Dentre os diversos parâmetros medidos, o nível de pressão total figura como um dos mais críticos e importantes na manutenção dessas estruturas, pois, está intrinsecamente relacionado às anomalias que podem desencadear eventos desastrosos, como um colapso. Este estudo tem como objetivo desenvolver o protótipo de um sistema de sensoriamento remoto para barragens de rejeitos de mineração, através da automação de Piezômetro Casagrande, com o uso de microcontrolador, sensor de distância ultrassônico e transmissor celular. Trata-se de um arranjo elétrico e eletrônico capaz de coletar, processar e transmitir dados de leitura de pressões totais, exercidas em estruturas de barragens. É uma alternativa à instrumentação manual, com mitigação da limitação sensorial humana e o emprego de tecnologia na busca para melhorar processos industriais que colocam em risco a segurança de pessoas, animais, o meio ambiente e a sociedade. Para coleta e análise dos resultados, uma réplica em escala de um Piezômetro Casagrande foi desenvolvida e posteriormente simulada a variação do nível da água. O conjunto do protótipo foi capaz de coletar, processar e transmitir dados de leituras de pressões totais, de forma remota, como proposta, evidenciando um campo de desenvolvimento e aplicação da tecnologia na melhoria de processos.
DESDOBRAMENTOS SUBJETIVOS DO TEA NAS COMPANHIA DAS LETRAS: ANÁLISE DO GIBI NORI E EU
Authors: Soares Jessica Rodrigues , Barros Júnior Francisco de Oliveira
Published: July 2024

Os quadrinhos são publicações que podem ser muito importantes quando se propõem a tratar sobre um tema específico e de relevância social. Ao tratarmos sobre o Transtorno do Espectro Autista - TEA, esses textos podem assumir um papel extraordinário na conscientização desse transtorno. Desse modo, o presente artigo que foi desenvolvido por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, apresenta o seguinte objetivo geral: Analisar o gibi Nori e eu, mostrando sua contribuição para com a socialização e a comunicação dos autistas. Especificamente, o estudo pretendeu: discorrer sobre a relevância do gibi Nori e eu como um instrumento de entendimento e educação sobre o autismo; refletir sobre a trajetória de uma mãe e de um filho autista; mostrar o enfrentamento do austismo por dois personagens ligados diretamente a esse transtorno. Após a pesquisa foi possível compreender que o enfrentamento do autismo pela família pode ser um processo doloroso, mas superável quando o segmento familiar se propõe a buscar ajuda junto a diveros profissionais e fornecer ao autista atividades as quais ele poderá participar de forma a adquirir o desenvolvimento da linguagem, da comunicação e da interação social.
EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE PARA PACIENTES DIABÉTICOS INSULINODEPENDENTES NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA
Authors: Carvalho Jéssica Maria de Sousa , Oliveira Elyda Rayane Cunha , Lima Filho Francisco Orlando Dias de , Pacheco Ádila Caroline Araújo Almeida , Nascimento Madjane Gonçalves do , Bessa Maria Misrelma Moura
Published: July 2024

O aumento da prevalência da diabetes, aliado à complexidade de seu tratamento – como restrições dietéticas, uso de medicamentos e complicações crônicas associadas – reforça a necessidade de programas educativos eficazes e viáveis nos serviços públicos de saúde. A mudança de comportamento, com a adoção de uma dieta balanceada e da prática de atividades físicas, é essencial para que o controle e o tratamento do diabetes mellitus (DM) tenham êxito. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver uma ação prática de educação em saúde com a finalidade de sensibilizar os pacientes diabéticos insulinodependentes cadastrados na Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) do bairro COHAB, no município de Araripina-PE. Para a elaboração deste trabalho científico, foram consultadas bases de dados como IBGE, e-SUS, BVS, LILACS, e Scielo-BR, utilizando os descritores: diabetes, educação em saúde, qualidade de vida e planejamento em saúde, para pesquisa bibliográfica. O estudo vigente é um relato de experiência de ações preventivas de saúde, de caráter exploratório e descritivo, com abordagem quanti-quali. Diante dos resultados, pode-se concluir que, apesar de a diabetes mellitus ser uma patologia crônica, com a incorporação de hábitos saudáveis, como alimentação balanceada e práticas regulares de atividade física e intervenções medicamentosas, a prevenção e o tratamento são contextos completamente possíveis e merecem plena atenção.
Dampak Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Masa Kerja dengan Kejadian Kecelakaan Kerja di PT X Palembang Tahun 2024
Authors: Saari Desti Purnama , Hariani Yulia , Muhammad Noer
Published: July 2024

Menurut International Labour Organization (ILO) pada tahun 2023, jumlah kasus kecelakaan kerja di Indonesia tercatat sebanyak 370.747 kasus. Sekitar 93,83 persen merupakan kasus peserta penerima upah, 5,37 persen kasus peserta bukan penerima upah, dan 0,80 persen kasus khusus nya peserta jasa konstruksi. Keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja dianggap sangat penting untuk menjaga keberlangsungan fisik dan mental tenaga kerja secara keseluruhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali hubungan antara pengetahuan, sikap, dan masa kerja dengan kecelakaan kerja di PT X, Palembang pada tahun 2024. Populasi penelitian meliputi seluruh karyawan PT X tersebut, dengan total 161 partisipan, dan sampel yang terlibat sebanyak 62 karyawan yang dipilih menggunakan metode Accidental Sampling. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji Fisher’s Exact Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya korelasi yang signifikan antara sikap (P value= 0,004), pengetahuan (P value= 0,019), dan masa kerja (P value= 0,004) dengan kejadian kecelakaan kerja di PT X tahun 2024. Dari hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara sikap, pengetahuan, dan masa kerja dengan kecelakaan kerja. Sebagai rekomendasi, disarankan kepada perusahaan untuk menerapkan Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (SMK3) guna menginternalisasi budaya K3 di seluruh lini perusahaan. Hal ini diharapkan dapat mencegah kecelakaan kerja dan menciptakan lingkungan kerja yang sehat, aman, efisien, dan produktif.
Frame and Catch Assessment Surveys of the Fisheries of Egbe Reservoir, Ekiti State, Nigeria
Authors: Haruna Kabiru , Adamu Ibrahim
Published: July 2024

Frame and Catch Assessments of surveys of the fisheries of the Egbe reservoir were conducted to provide data needed for its management and development. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data. A total of 2748 fish species were assessed. 57 fishermen were recorded. Sixty wooden canoes were counted and recorded. Fishing gears recorded included (380) gill nets, (19) cast nets, (77) long lines, (1008) Malian fish traps, (3879) wire fish traps, and (13) spares. About 7 fish species from 5 families were identified. Cichlidae was the most relatively abundant family, contributing 75.9% to the number and 71.7% to the weight of the total fish caught on the reservoir, while Mormyridae was the lowest abundant family, accounting for 0.58% and 0.15% in terms of number and weight respectively of the total fish caught. The current fish yield of the reservoir is 17.5 metric tonnes per annum. This corresponds to 64.2 kg/ha and is considered low. Recommendations were made for the management and development of the reservoir fisheries.
Characterization of a Pseudomonas sp. Isolated from Langkawi Capable of Degrading Glyphosate
Authors: Yakasai Hafeez Muhammad , Manogaran Motharasan , Halmi Mohd Izuan Effendi , Abubakar Aisami , Khayat Mohd Ezuan
Published: July 2024

Bioremediation of soil contaminants, including glyphosate, is an economically viable and environmentally friendly technique. Glyphosate, one of the most widely used herbicides for weed management, poses significant risks to wildlife and their habitats when it contaminates the environment. This study focused on the bioremediation potential of soil Pseudomonas spp. isolated from a paddy field with a long history of glyphosate application. The most promising isolate was tentatively identified as Pseudomonas sp. strain UPM-2009 through partial identification methods. This bacterium showed significant potential for glyphosate degradation under optimal conditions. Experiments demonstrated that Pseudomonas sp. degrades glyphosate most effectively at pH 7.0, a glyphosate concentration of 0.5 g/L, temperatures between 30 and 35°C, and an inoculum size of 1% (v/v). Notably, the bacterium exhibited a two-day lag period at 0.5 g/L glyphosate, achieving nearly 90% degradation after six days of incubation. Heavy metals such as Hg(II), Ag(I), and Cd(II) significantly inhibited bacterial growth, with inhibition rates of 99%, 95%, and 66%, respectively. This study underscores the potential of Pseudomonas sp. for bioremediation of glyphosate-contaminated environments. It highlights the need for further research, particularly molecular identification techniques, to fully characterize and optimize this bioremediation strategy. This approach can significantly contribute to mitigating the environmental impact of glyphosate pollution, promoting healthier ecosystems and sustainable agricultural practices.
Isolation and Characterization of a Diesel-degrading Bacterium From Waters Near the Langkawi UNESCO Kilim Karst Geoforest Park
Authors: Abubakar Aisami , Yakasai Hafeez Muhammad , Habib Syahir , Yasid Nur Adeela , Shukor Mohd Yunus
Published: July 2024

This study explored the biodegradation potential of bacterial isolates from various locations in Malaysia, focusing on their ability to utilize diesel as a carbon source. Among the ten isolates tested, isolate 4, identified as Pseudomonas sp. strain UPM-Langkawi 3 based on morphological, cultural, and biochemical properties, exhibited significant growth on 2.5% diesel, indicating rapid activation of diesel assimilation mechanisms. Using the ABIS online software analysis, the strain was provisionally identified as Pseudomonas sp. UPM-Langkawi 3. Experimental results demonstrated that the optimal conditions for the growth of strain UPM-Langkawi 3 were between 6 and 8 % (v/v) diesel concentration, a temperature of between 28 and 35 °C, and a pH range of between 7.5 to 8.5. The strain showed inhibited growth at higher diesel concentrations and temperatures above 40 °C, as well as at a lower pH of 5.7. Among several inorganic nitrogen sources tested, 0.9% w/v ammonium sulphate was found to be the most effective, corroborating previous research. The study underscores the efficacy of Pseudomonas sp. strain UPM-Langkawi 3 in degrading diesel, suggesting its potential use in bioremediation of diesel-contaminated environments. Further research should employ molecular identification techniques, such as 16srRNA gene sequencing, to confirm the species identity and optimize biodegradation conditions. This work establishes a foundation for utilizing indigenous bacterial strains in environmental management strategies, particularly for areas impacted by hydrocarbon pollutants.
Characterization of a Metanil Yellow-decolorizing Pseudomonas strain Isolated from the Juru Industrial Park
Authors: Khalid Ariff , Koh Sim Han , Halmi Mohd Izuan Effendi , Syed Mohd Arif , Shamaan Nor Aripin
Published: July 2024

This study examines how the initial concentration of dye, temperature, pH, and NaCl content affect the ability of a bacterial strain, specifically identified as Pseudomonas sp. strain UPM291, to remove color from Metanil Yellow. The decolorization percentage exhibited a distinct trend throughout a range of dye concentrations (0-700 mg/L), with the greatest efficacy (90-100%) recorded at values below 200 mg/L. The efficiency declined at higher concentrations, reaching approximately 20% at a dosage of 700 mg/L. Temperature investigations unveiled a symmetrical curve resembling a bell shape, indicating a range of temperatures that is most favorable for the process of decolorization. The maximum efficiency, approaching 100%, was found at a temperature of 35°C. However, the efficiency decreased considerably as the temperature above 35°C, reaching approximately 20% at 50°C. The impact of pH on decolorization exhibited comparable patterns, with optimal efficacy observed at pH 6.5 and diminished efficacy at both more acidic and more alkaline settings. The decolorization efficiency reached its peak (90-100%) at a pH of 6.5 and decreased to approximately 60% at a pH of 8.0. The influence of the NaCl content on decolorization was shown to follow a certain pattern, with the most effective decolorization (90-100%) occurring at NaCl concentrations of up to 10 g/L. The efficiency declined as the NaCl concentrations increased, reaching around 20% at 30 g/L. The data indicate that the bacterial strain demonstrates the highest effectiveness in removing color within particular ranges of dye concentration, temperature, pH, and NaCl content. There is a noticeable decline in efficiency when the parameters go outside of these optimal ranges. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of these characteristics can assist in optimizing the conditions necessary for the efficient bioremediation of Metanil Yellow utilizing specific bacterial strains.
Recognition And Classification of Indian Scripts in Natural Scene Images
Authors: Behera Suryosnata ,   Dept of Computer Science and Engineering, Pattanaik Dr.SatyaRanjan ,   Dept of Computer Science and Engineering
Published: July 2024

In the field of computer vision and document analysis, the identification and categorization of Indian scripts in natural scene images pose a difficult yet crucial challenge. The variety of characters and intricate writing styles in Indian scripts require reliable solutions for precise identification under different environmental conditions. This study presents a novel CNN model designed for identifying scripts in Indian multilingual document images captured by cameras. Experimental evaluations of the model's performance were conducted with two regional languages (Odia and Telugu) and one national language (Hindi). The average accuracy in script recognition for the three language combinations is 95.66%, with Odia achieving 99.00%, Hindi 90.33%, and Telugu 98.12%. The model achieved the highest accuracy in recognition. The model achieved the highest accuracy in recognition Keywords: Text Recognition, Image Augmentation, CNN, LSTM, VGG, ResNet, DenseNet, Datasets, Natural Images
Soft Skills and Their Importance in the Workplace
Authors: Mor Sweta K ,   Basic Sciences and Humanities Department,  Tulisramji Gaikwad College of Engineering and Technology, Nagpur
Published: July 2024

The increasing complexity and dynamic nature of the modern workplace necessitate not only technical expertise but also a strong command of soft skills. Soft skills, often regarded as interpersonal or people skills, play a crucial role in enhancing individual performance and overall organizational success. This paper explores the various dimensions of soft skills, their significance in the professional environment, and effective strategies for their development. The paper argues that soft skills are indispensable for fostering a collaborative, adaptable, and productive workplace.
Uncertainty Analysis of Tensile Strength of Scarf Adhesive Joints using Numerical Method and Validation through Experimentation
Authors: Sawant B. P , Kulkarni P. P
Published: July 2024

Adhesive joints represent a significant advancement in material bonding technology, offering benefits such as reduced weight and uniform stress distribution, which distinguish them from conventional joining methods. Among the various adhesive joints, the scarf adhesive joint stands out due to its mechanical advantages and potential for high-strength applications. This research investigates the impact of key parameters on the strength of scarf adhesive joints, including scarf angle, surface roughness, adhesive type, and adhesive layer thickness. By systematically varying these parameters and employing a design of experimentation (DOE) methodology, we aim to identify the optimal conditions that maximize joint strength. A series of scarf adhesive joint specimens with diverse parameter combinations will be fabricated and tested to evaluate the resultant joint strength. Statistical analysis of the experimental data will facilitate the understanding of how each parameter influences joint performance and contribute to the development of optimized adhesive joint designs. The findings of this study are expected to advance the application of scarf adhesive joints in various high-performance engineering fields, providing insights into the critical factors that govern their strength and reliability. Key Words: Scarf Adhesive Joint, Adherend Material, SS 304 Stainless Steel, Finite Element Analysis (FEA), Tensile Strength, Max von Mises Stress, Scarf Angle, Design of Experiments (DOE), Adhesive Properties, Surface Roughness.
Peran Notaris Dalam Membuat Akad Pembiayaan Murobahah Di Bmt Maslahah Cabang Besuk Pasar Senen
Authors: Fadila Nurul
Published: July 2024

A notary is an official appointed by the Government and has the authority to carry out authentic deeds. Sharia contracts that are notarized to qualify as genuine instruments must comply with applicable laws and regulations. Therefore, the Notary when making a sharia contract deed is obliged to pay attention to the provisions of sharia law. The position of a notary and sharia principles are stated in the contract. One form of sharia contract that is widely used in BMT cooperatives is the murabahah contract. The purpose of this article is to explore and analyze the murabahah contract and the role of the notary in signing the murabahah financing contract deed at the BMT Cooperative. The method used in this article is the empirical legal method, which is described specifically with primary and secondary data and analyzed qualitatively. This article produces: (1) Murabahah financing contract is an agreement that is in accordance with sharia principles regarding the sale and purchase of goods with a medium of exchange accompanied by predetermined additions and (2) Notary is a public official who has the right to do so. authentic deed, considering how important the authority and role of the Notary is, the Notary must have extensive knowledge or understanding, one of which is related to the technique of executing the deed that will be carried out later. It is important for Notaries to understand the principles of sharia law, especially the principle that all their activities are based on Islamic law.
Reporting on Sustainability
Authors: Kühnel Stephan
Published: July 2024

This paper presents the development and an overview of two related professional standards on sustainability reporting. As there is currently no requirement to apply these standards, ’this topic is out of the scope of the present discussion. Corporate reports applying the standards are expected for periods beginning or after 1 January 2024. From a methodological perspective, the paper relies on the due process of the standard setter for developing the standards and analyses of selected contributions. Implications for application and further development are highlighted.
Exploring the Field of Cognitive Sustainability
Authors: Szalmáné Csete Mária
Published: July 2024

Cognitive Sustainability (CogSust) investigates the links between two research areas: sustainability and cognitive sciences. Sustainability can be viewed as an environmental discipline primarily, but it extends beyond this to encompass an engineering challenge and spans several other disciplines. The main aim of CogSust is to provide a holistic view of how sustainability in a broader aspect can be understood, described (modelled), and optimised for human value creation using the tools of the cognitive sciences. It results in a deeper merge of artificial and biological cognitive systems with engineering applications. This paper aims to show the development of the research field and the journal.
Beneficial effects of Bacopa monnieri (brahmi) in Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats
Authors: Gangachannaiah Shivaprakash
Published: July 2024

Cancer, a leading global cause of death, drives research for safer treatments. Doxorubicin is an effective anticancer drug but is associated with cardiotoxicity as a characteristic adverse effect. Bacopa monnieri, a traditional Ayurvedic herb rich in antioxidants, emerges as a potential adjunct in cancer treatment. The study aims to explore Bacopa monnieri's impact on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. The study was conducted in 30 rats with 6 rats in each of the 5 groups: Group 1 was administered distilled water; Group 2 received Doxorubicin at 5 mg/kg by IP on days 7, 14, and 21. Groups 3, 4 and 5 were administered Bacopa monnieri at 75mg/kg, 150mg/kg, and 250mg/kg orally daily doses along with Doxorubicin at 5mg/kg by IP on days 7,14 and 21. The Bacopa monnieri-treated groups compared to the Doxorubicin(Dox) group showed a significant reduction in aspartate aminotransferase (AST), troponin I, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels while the levels of antioxidants Superoxide dismutase (SOD), and Glutathione (GSH) increased. Histopathology showed fibrosis and inflammation in the Doxorubicin group while restoration of normal cardiac tissue in the Bacopa monnieri-treated group. The study illustrates Bacopa monnieri's ability to alleviate Doxorubicin-induced cardiac toxicity by its antioxidant properties.
Appraising Measurements of Affective Polarisation in Multiparty Systems: Comparative Insights from the Low Countries
Authors: Vanagt Jochem
Published: July 2024

Appraising Measurements of Affective Polarisation in Multiparty Systems: Comparative Insights from the Low Countries

Affective polarisation is increasingly viewed as a threat to democratic societies. However, the lack of consensus on measurement approaches hinders our understanding. This study assesses the concurrent validity of several affective polarisation measurements, challenging existing US-centric measurement approaches and advocating for a more nuanced understanding tailored to Europe’s diverse multiparty contexts. It leverages data from Belgium and the Netherlands (N = 2,174), two ideal-type multiparty systems to test various measurements of affective polarisation. Its novelty arrives from its examination of like-dislike and social distance measures in conjunction with social avoidance and out-group dislike. The findings reveal that while these measurements share common drivers, their outcomes differ substantially. Only out-group dislike and social distance are linked to decreased satisfaction with democracy, whereas affective polarisation as the difference between in- and out-group affect seems to stimulate voting intentions. Hence, this study cautions researchers against interchangeably using different measurements.
Kitosan/Hiyaluronik Asit/Jelatin Hidrojellerinin Antikanser İlacında Şişme Davranışı ve İlaç Tutma Kapasitesinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Taşdelen Betül , Güder Ömer Faruk
Published: July 2024

Günümüzde kanser teşhisi konulan hasta sayısı her geçen gün artmaktadır. Pek çok kanser tedavisinde kemoterapi vazgeçilmez tedavi yöntemidir. Kemoterapi uygulamalarının dezavantajlarını ortadan kaldırmak ve hastaya yeterli dozda ilaç verilmesinin sağlanması amacıyla hedefe yönelik ilaç salım teknolojileri geliştirilmiş ve hidrojeller bu alanda öne çıkmıştır. Hidrojeller, çapraz bağları ve 3-boyutlu ağ yapıları sayesinde su absorplama ve desorplama yeteneğine sahiptirler. Doğal polimerik hidrojeller tıp alanında yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Kitosan(CS) doğal biyopolimeri, yüksek biyouyumluluk, biyobozunabilirlik ve düşük toksisite gibi benzersiz özellikleri nedeniyle uzun yıllardır kontrollü ilaç salım sistemlerinde kullanılmaktadır. Farklı doğal biyopolimerlerin CS ile sentezlenmesi ile oluşan hidrojellerin şişme ve ilaç tutma kapasitesi özellikleri geliştirilebilir. Bu makalede, CS’ye hyaluronik asit(HA) ve jelatin(GEL) ilave edilmesiyle geliştirilmiş yeni tip CS/HA/GEL hidrojellerinin model ilaç olarak kullanılan 5-Fluorourasil(5-FU) antikanser ilacındaki kütlece şişmeleri değerlendirilmiş, UV-Vis spektrofotometre ile 5-FU ilacı tutma kapasiteleri belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, CS, CS/HA ve CS/HA/GEL hidrojellerinin antikanser ilacında şişme davranışı ve ilaç tutma kapasiteleri incelendi. CS’ye HA eklenmesiyle 5-FU tutma kapasitesi (1.2 mg 5-FU/g kuru jel) artarken CS’ye GEL ilave edilmesiyle ise 5-FU tutma kapasitesi (0.4 mg 5-FU/g kuru jel) azalma gözlenmiştir. Sentezlenen hidrojeller, biyomedikal alanda kontrollü ilaç salım sistemlerinde umut vadetmektedir.
Sheath Blight and Bacterial Blight Resistance in Rice: Mechanisms, Progress and Future Perspectives for Sustainable Rice Production
Authors: Muhammad Sabar  , Mustafa Sana E , Muhammad Ijaz  , Rana Ahsan Raza Khan  , Fatima Rida , Saher Hira , Shahzadi Fariha , Javed Hafiz Mutther , Zafar Syed Ali , Siddique Summra , Saleem Muhammad Usman
Published: July 2024

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a staple food for nearly half of the world's population, including Pakistan. But several diseases are always posing a threat to rice farming, with bacterial blight and sheath blight being the two most common causes. R. solani is the main source of rice sheath blight and stood crop’s most destructive diseases. Reviewing published data on pathogenicity and disease management is crucial to developing effective crop protection against sheath blight. It also helps identify research gaps that need more in-depth investigation. Although there has been progress in identifying rice and pathogen-related genes linked to pathogenesis, the underlying processes are still unknown. Research on the applications of; agronomic techniques, chemical control, biological control, and genetic improvement in disease management strategies has been conducted. Optimizing the application of nitrogen fertilizer in combination to plant-plant spacing can minimize the transmission of infection, whereas SMART agricultural technologies; like crop monitoring using Unmanned Aerial Systems help detect and treat sheath blight disease early on. Biological agents and natural fungicides can be used to effectively prevent sheath blight while reducing the negative effects on the environment. Genetic strategies that hold potential to control sheath blight include the use of exogenous dsRNA to suppress pathogen gene expression, genome editing to create rice lines less susceptible to sheath blight, and the development of transgenic rice lines that over express or silence genes related to pathogenesis. The pathogen’s flexibility, the absence of resistant rice types, the lack of single resistance genes for breeding, and farmers' restricted access to informative programs about optimum management methods all work against effective crop protection against sheath blight.
Probability of new falls and factors associated with them in aged patients treated in emergency departments after falling: data from the FALL-ER registry
Authors: García-Martínez Ana , Gil-Rodrigo Adriana , Arrate Placer Arrate , Alemany Xavier , Aguiló Sira , Torres-Machado Victoria , Jacob Javier , Herrero Pablo , Llorens Pere , Martín-Sánchez Francisco Javier , Miró Òscar
Published: July 2024

Objetivo. Investigar las características asociadas a una nueva caída tras la atención en urgencias por una caída no intencionada y desarrollar un modelo de riesgo para predecirla. Método. El registro FALL-ER incluye pacientes de 65 años o más atendidos por una caída no intencionada en cinco servicios de urgencias españoles. Las variables independientes incluyeron características basales del paciente, de la caída, consecuencias inmediatas y situación funcional al alta. Se realizó seguimiento telefónico para saber si habían existido nuevas caídas en los 6 meses posteriores. Mediante un análisis ajustado se identificaron las variables independientes asociadas a nueva caída y se desarrolló un modelo de riesgo. Resultados. Se incluyeron 1.313 pacientes y 147 presentaron una nueva caída (11,2%). Las variables asociadas a nueva caída fueron: caída en los 12 meses anteriores, enfermedad neurológica, anemia, toma de analgésicos no opiáceos, caída en domicilio y durante la noche, traumatismo craneoencefálico y necesidad de ayuda para levantarse de la silla. El modelo predictivo mostró una capacidad discriminativa moderada con un área bajo la curva de la característica operativa del receptor de 0,688 (IC 95%: 0,640-0,736). La probabilidad de sufrir una nueva caída fue de 3,5%, 10,5% y 23,3% en los pacientes clasificados como de riesgo bajo, intermedio y alto respectivamente. Conclusión. Uno de cada nueve adultos mayores que consultan a urgencias por caídas no intencionadas volverán a caer durante los 6 meses siguientes. Es posible identificar un subgrupo de pacientes con riesgo incrementado en los que deberían ponerse en marcha acciones preventivas.
Los azudes del río Segura (sureste de la península ibérica): una infraestructura de los paisajes del agua
Authors: López Fernández José Antonio
Published: July 2024

La investigación analiza las características de los azudes existentes en el cauce del río Segura (sureste de la península ibérica), un elemento que se integra en la arquitectura hidráulica de los sistemas de riego. El estudio es de carácter exploratorio e interpretativo, desde la perspectiva del análisis geográfico, a través del trabajo de campo, la búsqueda de documentación de archivo y el uso de visores cartográficos. Entre los resultados, se observa la evolución de esta infraestructura a lo largo del tiempo, condicionada por sus constantes reparaciones y el uso de nuevos materiales. Asociada a sistemas de riego, las aguas derivadas por azudes muestran otros usos (como el energético). Por último, cabe destacar el valor patrimonial de esta construcción, asociada a los paisajes culturales del agua.
Foreign Language Teaching in Poland - Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow. An Interview with Professor Hanna Komorowska
Authors: Borecka Violetta
Published: July 2024

Hanna Komorowska, full professor of applied linguistics and language teaching, University of Social Sciences and Humanities in Warsaw, works in the field of pre- and in-service teacher education. As head of the curriculum development centre, she built a team which designed the first set of communicative syllabus documents for second and foreign languages taught in the Polish school system. After the fall of communism, she was heading the Expert Committee for foreign language teaching and teacher education reform in Poland. Former vice-President of Warsaw University, the Polish delegate for the Modern Languages Project Group of the Council of Europe, member of the EU High Level Group on Multilingualism, consultant to the European Centre of Modern Languages in Graz, co-author of the European Portfolio for Student Teachers of Languages she now serves as president of the Polish edition of the European Language Label and the Training and Consultancy expert of the ECML.