bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the electromagnetic shielding properties of carbon fiber materials
Authors: Rosu G. , Velicu V. , Boitan A. , Mihai G. , Tuta L. , Baltag O.
Published: March 2022

Introduction. Due to the good electrical and thermal properties of carbon, carbon-based materials represent a major trend is various applications, including electromagnetic compatibility. Among carbon-based materials, graphite-impregnated woven fabrics represent a new trend in the field of electromagnetic shielding, with the perspective of being used for protective clothing. The novelty of the proposed work consists in the exhaustive comparative analysis of various carbon-based sample shields by employing both simulation and experimental methods. The selected configurations included a simple graphite plate, a graphite powder strip network, and a graphite-impregnated fabric with 2´2 twill weave. Purpose. The main scope of the analysis is to prove the efficiency of the graphite-impregnated twill woven fabric in the field of electromagnetic shielding. Methods. Two main research methods were employed: simulation and experiment, both following the same protocol: the shield placed in the middle, with the excitation (transmitting antenna) on one side and the measurement / receiving antenna on the other. The experimental stage was thorough, being performed in two different laboratories and by applying the double transverse electromagnetic (TEM) cell method and the shielded box method. Results. A significant difference yielded from the comparison of the simulation and experimental results for the shielding effectiveness, probably due to the fact that the virtual model is an idealized version of the physical one, not taking into account its imperfections. The virtual analysis yielded the graphite plate shield as the most efficient, followed closely by the twill fabric. The graphite strip network had significantly poorer performance compared to the other two shields, probably due to the electrical contact imperfections between the graphite strips and the optical transparency of the shield. The main focus of the analysis was the twill woven graphite-impregnated fabric; therefore, its shielding effectiveness was determined through simulation and experiment. The experimental analysis was performed in two stages in two different electromagnetic compatibility laboratories, by employing the double TEM cell method and the shielded box method, respectively, both methods providing similar results and classifying the shielding performance as good. Practical value. The paper provides an accurate analysis of the graphite-impregnated 2´2 twill woven fabric in terms of electromagnetic shielding effectiveness, by employing both simulation and experimental methods, and comparing its performance to the one other graphite-based shields.
Evaluating the importance of translocations in rescuing the genetic diversity of the endemic Saimaa ringed seal
Authors: Sundell Tarja , Kammonen Juhana I , Mustanoja Ella , Biard Vincent , Kunnasranta Mervi , Niemi Marja , Nykänen Milaja , Nyman Tommi , Palo Jukka U , Valtonen Mia , Paulin Lars , Jernvall Jukka , Auvinen Petri
Published: March 2022

Fragmentation of isolated populations increases the risk of inbreeding and loss of genetic diversity. The endemic Saimaa ringed seal (Pusa hispida saimensis) is one of the most endangered pinnipeds in the world with a population of only ~400 individuals. The current genetic diversity of this subspecies, isolated in Lake Saimaa in Finland for ca. 1,000 generations, is alarmingly low. The population is further divided into semi-isolated subpopulations in the labyrinthine landscape of the lake, which exposes the population to deleterious genomic effects. We performed whole-genome sequencing on Saimaa ringed seals (N=30) and analyzed the level of homozygosity and genetic composition across the individual genomes. Our results show that the Saimaa ringed seal population has a high number of runs of homozygosity (RoH) compared with the neighboring Baltic ringed seal (Pusa hispida botnica) reference population (p<0.001). We found a general signal of differentiation in homozygosity within Lake Saimaa subpopulations (p<0.05) and detected thousands of unique single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in all subpopulations. The observed high levels of inbreeding and the risk of losing indispensable SNPs may directly affect fitness in individuals. These results support augmented gene flow as a genetic conservation action. Based on our results, we recommend Pihlajavesi as a potential source and Southern Saimaa as a potential recipient subpopulation for translocating individuals. The Saimaa ringed seal is a recognized subspecies and therefore translocations should be considered only within the lake to avoid an unpredictable risk of disease, the introduction of deleterious alleles, and severe ecological issues for the population.
The pharmacological mechanisms of Sophoraflavescens in the treatment of atopic dermatitis based on pharmacology network strategy
Authors: Song Xue , Bao Shentao , Yan Ying , Xu Guomei , Zhang Jing , Wang Yunong , Wang Chengxiang , Sun Zhanxue
Published: March 2022

Background
Network pharmacology explores the protective mechanism of Sophoraflavescens on atopic dermatitis (AD).
Methods
With the help of the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Technology Platform (TCMSP) and the Swiss target prediction database, the effective ingredients and potential target information of the active ingredients of Sophoraflavescens were obtained, and the human gene database (GeneCards) software was used to screen out the target genes related to atopic dermatitis. Using network pharmacology to explore possible molecular mechanisms.
Results
A total of 38 active ingredients and 508 corresponding targets of Sophoraflavescens were screened out, of which the core target is PAR-2. Sophoraflavescens and cetirizine can significantly improve the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration in AD model mice, reduce pruritus symptoms and pathological damage, and reduce the levels of PGE2, CGRP, LTB4 and SP. Inhibit the expression of PAR-2 and the downstream receptor TrK-A protein.
Conclusions
Sophoraflavescens and its components can affect AD pruritus by inhibiting the PAR-2 signaling pathway.
Sinonasal hemangiopericytoma: two case reports and review of literature.
Authors: Meherzi abir , Khalifa Mouna , Omri Malika , Belakhdher Mouna , Hwass Jihen , Kermani Wassim , Abdelkefi Mohamed
Published: March 2022

Hemangiopericytoma is a rare tumor that arises from pericytes, classified as a low-grade malignant vascular tumor. It is characterised by a poorly clinical presentation and histologically, often confused with other fibrous tumors, which could pose difficulties on the diagnosis.
The nasal cavity is an uncommon site. The rarity of this tumor imply the absence of management guidelines. So far, it still controversial regarding wether the endonasal surgery could control the tumor resection despite the wide performance, nowdays, of endoscopic techniques. It still unclear also conserning the use of embolization before surgery removal and the place of chemotheray. The high rate of recurrence impose long-term follow-up. So that, we report our experience through two cases and we aimed to discuss the clinical features and the differents treatement procedures. In fact, they are two women who consulted for epistaxis and nasal obstruction. Vascular masses were visualized with nasal endoscopy – one in the left nasal cavity and the second one had a destructive mass of the right hemiface . CT and MRI helped identify the mass, its margins and its extirpability. DiagnosIs was confirmed by histology. In one patient, surgery was performed. The second patient had an agressive and invading tumor for which chemotherapy was performed. The first patient remained free of disease after surgery. The second one had a fatal evolution.
Serum nitric oxide metabolites (NOx) for prognosis of cardiovascular death and acute myocardial infarction in an ESSE-RF case-control cohort with 6.5 year follow up
Authors: Gumanova Nadezhda G. , Bogdanova Natalya L. , Metelskaya Victoria A. , Tarasov Vladimir I. , Kots Alexander Ya. , Kontsevaya Anna V. , Kutsenko Vladimir , Drapkina Oxana M.
Published: March 2022

Aims. The goal of the present case-control study was to assess associations of a panel of routine and experimental biomarkers with the risk for cardiovascular death and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in a cohort recruited from the multicenter study “Cardiovascular Epidemiology in Russian Federation” (ESSE-RF).Methods and Results. A total of 222 subjects included cardiovascular death (N=48) and AMI cases (N=63) detected during 6.5-year follow up with corresponding numbers of matched healthy controls. The levels of 15 routine and experimental biochemical markers were assayed to analyze associations with the outcomes using logistic and Cox proportional hazard regressions validated by comparison between various groups to assess the estimated hazard ratio (eHR). Elevated levels of cardiac troponin I (cTnI), C-reactive protein (CRP), and metabolites of nitric oxide (NOx) were independently associated (P<0.001) with a higher risk of cardiovascular death in various models with adjusted eHRs ranging from 1.83 to 3.74. Elevated levels of NOx and cTnI were significantly (P<0.001) and independently associated with a higher risk of nonfatal AMI with eHR ranging from 1.78 to 2.67. Elevated levels of angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3) were significantly (P<0.001) and independently associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular death in certain models (eHRs from 0.09 to 0.16) and a higher risk of nonfatal AMI (eHR 2.07; P=0.01).Conclusion. Subsequent large scale validation studies should focus on the investigation of predictive impact of cTnI, NOx, CRP, and ANGPTL3 for the development of nationwide recommendations for individual baseline stratification of patients with potential cardiovascular risks.
TaLBD1, a LOB transcription factor gene in T. aestivum, confers plant adaptation to low-N stress via modulating N acquisition-associated processes
Authors: Zhang Yanyang , Ni Chenyang , Li Tianjiao , Han Le , Du Pingping , Xiao Kai
Published: March 2022

Distinct members of the transcription factor (TF) families act as the critical mediators in plant low-N stress response by regulating transcription of the stress defensive-associated genes. In this study, we characterized TaLBD1, a member of the Lateral Organ Boundary (LOB) TF family in T. aestivum, in modulating plant adaptation to the N deprivation condition. The TaLBD1 protein harbors conserved domains specified by the plant LOB TF proteins, which targeted onto nucleus after sorted from endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The transcripts of TaLBD1 in roots and aerial tissue were shown to be response to modified external N levels, showing in the tissues with a pattern to be gradually upregulated following a 27-h N starvation treatment. Transgene characterization on TaLBD1 in N. tabacum indicated that it confers plants improved phenotype, root system architecture (RSA) establishment, dry mass production, and N accumulation under N starvation (NS) condition. Analyses on expression patterns of the genes in nitrate transporter (NRT) and those in PIN-FORMED (PIN) families revealed that the NRT gene NtRNT2.4 and PIN gene NtPIN6 displayed significantly upregulated expression in the NS-challenged lines. Further knockdown expression of them indicated that NtNRT2.4 regulates N uptake whereas NtPIN6 modulates RSA behavior. These results suggested that the TaLBD1-mediated plant NS adaptation is associated with its role in transcriptionally regulating distinct NRT and PIN members that improve N uptake and RSA establishment of plants upon low-N stress. High throughput RNA-seq analyses indicated that a quantity of genes modified expression upon NS underlying TaLBD1 regulation. These differentially expressed (DE) genes were enriched into the gene ontology (GO) terms associated with signal transduction, transcription, protein biosynthesis, primary or secondary metabolism, and stress defensiveness. Our results together suggested that TaLBD1 acts as one of the crucial regulators in plant adaptation to low-N stress. It can be used as a valuable index for evaluating plant NS response and a potential target for molecular breeding of high N use efficiency (NUE) crop cultivars.
Metformin reverse minocycline to inhibit minocycline-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii by destroy the outer membrane and enhance membrane potential in vitro
Authors: Guo Tingting , Sun Xiaoli , Yang Jie , Yang Liying , Li Mengying , Wang Yuhang , Jiao Hongmei , Li Guocai
Published: March 2022

Background: Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is an opportunistic pathogen and has emerged as one of the most troublesome pathogens. Drug resistance in A. baumannii has been reported on a global scale. Minocycline was found to be active against multi-drug resistant A. baumannii and was approved by the FDA for the infections caused by sensitive strains of A. baumannii. However, the emergence of minocycline resistance and its toxic effects still need to be addressed. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the synergistic effects of metformin combined with minocycline on minocycline-resistant A. baumannii. Results: The effect of metformin on the antibacterial activity of minocycline was determined by checkerboard and time-kill assays. Further, it was observed by biofilm formation assay that metformin combination with minocycline can inhibit the formation of biofilm. Outer membrane integrity, membrane permeability, membrane potential and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were monitored to explore the underlying synergistic mechanisms of metformin on minocycline. And the results shown that metformin can destroy the outer membrane of A. baumannii, enhance its membrane potential, but does not affect the membrane permeability and ROS.Conclusion: These findings suggested that the combination of metformin and minocycline has the potential for rejuvenating the activity of minocycline against minocycline-resistant A. baumannii.
Planar Pentacoordinate Aluminium and Gallium Atoms
Authors: Yashmin Farnaz , Kalita Amlan J. , Borah Ritam R. , Baruah Indrani , Deka Rinu P. , Guha Ankur K.
Published: March 2022

Planar hypercoordinate structures are gaining immense attention due to the shift from common paradigm. Herein, our high level ab initio calculations predict that planar pentacoordinate aluminium and gallium centres in Cu5Al2+ and Cu5Ga2+ clusters are global minima in their singlet ground states. These clusters are thermodynamically and kinetically very stable. Detailed electronic structure analyses reveal the presence of both σ and π aromaticity which is the driving force for the stability of the planar form.
Statistical Validation of LENS: Towards Understanding the Empty Nest Syndrome in India using Lyfas, an Optical Biomarker-based Smartphone Biomedical Tool
Authors: Chattopadhyay Subhagata , Das Rupam
Published: March 2022

Background
Empty Nest Syndrome (ENS) is not a listed clinical entity in DSM-5, although ICD-11 has listed it under “Other Associated Problems with Social or Cultural Environment”. However, a complex grief state is observed in the parents when their children leave home for study and work or marriage. Literature shows ENS may progress to clinical-grade depression and anxiety, if left uncared.
Methods
The study presents a solution (LENS) to assess such risks in ENS using Cardiovascular Optical Biomarkers (COB) from the capillary blood flow signal of the index finger using the technique of arterial photoplethysmography when the finger is gently pressed on the phone camera with the torchlight ‘on’. The scores of COB provide the psychological and metabolic snapshots of the mind-body homeostasis.
Results
The study observes that (a) COB (e.g., SD1/SD2, LF/HF, HRVScore, and ENERGY), obtained through Lyfas tests, and (b) physical e.g., Diastolic Blood Pressure, BMI, Heart rate, HbA1c, TSH, and Estradiol have significant roles in the backdrop of ENS. Bland Altman's reliability measure shows that LENS (novel instrument under trial) has a high agreement of 92.85% and 93.86%, respectively with ENS scoring done by senior psychologists (champion instrument – 1) and HAM-D grading performed by psychiatrists (champion instrument – 2).
Conclusions
LENS can be used as an assistive tool to screen and monitor ENS cases in a health set up.
ICA1 is differentially methylated and expressed in familial type 1 diabetes
Authors: Dashti Mohammad , Nizam Rasheeba , Hebbar Prashantha , Jacob Sindhu , John Sumi Elsa , Channanath Arshad , Al-Kandari Hessa , Thanaraj Thangavel Alphonse , Al-Mulla Fahd
Published: March 2022

There has recently been a growing interest in examining the role of epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, in the etiology of type 1 diabetes (T1D). This study aimed to delineate differences in methylation patterns between T1D-affected and healthy individuals by examining the genome-wide methylation of individuals from three Arab families from Kuwait with T1D-affected mono-/dizygotic twins and non-twinned siblings. Bisulfite sequencing of DNA from the peripheral blood of affected and healthy individuals from each of the three families was performed. Methylation profiles of the affected individuals were compared to those of healthy individuals. The principal component analysis on methylation profiling based on base-pair resolution clustered the T1D-affected twins together family-wide. Sites/regions that were differentially methylated between T1D and healthy samples harbored 84 genes, of which 18 were known to be differentially methylated in T1D individuals compared to healthy individuals in publicly available gene expression data resources. We further validated two of the 18 genes—namely ICA1 and DRAM1 that were hypermethylated in T1D samples compared to healthy samples—for upregulation in T1D samples from an extended study cohort of familial T1D. The ICA1 is well-known to have a role in the development of autoimmune beta-cell destruction.
Patient-reported outcome (PRO) measurements in chronic and malignant diseases: Ten years’ experience with PRO-algorithm-based patient-clinician interaction (telePRO) in AmbuFlex
Authors: Hjollund Niels Henrik Ingvar , Larsen Louise Pape , de Thurah Annette Ladefoged , Grove Birgith Engest , Skuladottir Halla , Linnet Hanne , Friis Rasmus Blechingberg , Johnsen Søren Paaske , May Ole , Jensen Annesofie Lunde , Hansen Troels Krarup , Taarnhøj Gry Assam , Tolstrup Lærke Kjær , Pappot Helle , Ivarsen Per , Dørflinger Liv , Jessen Anne , Sørensen Nanna Toxvig , Schougaard Liv Marit Valen , Team The AmbuFlex
Published: March 2022

Background Patient-reported Outcome (PRO) measures may be used as the basis for out-patient follow-up. Instead of fixed appointments, patients attend follow-up based on disease-specific questionnaires filled in at home (telePRO). The questionnaire is handled in real time by a disease-specific algorithm, which assigns an outcome color reflecting clinical need. Questionnaires and algorithms are constructed in a consensus process with clinicians. We aimed to describe AmbuFlex’ telePRO solutions and the algorithm outcomes and variation, to discuss differences between patient groups, and to highlight possible applications and challenges. Methods TelePRO solutions with more than 100 processed questionnaires were included in the analysis. Data were retrieved together with data from national registers. Results From 2011 to 2021, 29 disease-specific telePRO solutions were implemented within 24 different ICD-10 groups. A total of 42,015 patients were referred and answered 171,268 questionnaires. An existing disease-specific instrument with cut-off values was available for four solutions, whereas items were selected or developed ad hoc for the other solutions. Mean age ranged from 10.7 years to 73.3 years. Mortality varied between 0 and 528 per 1000 patient years. Variations in algorithm outcomes reflected differences in patient groups and aims while different solutions within the same patient group varied little. Discussion TelePRO can be applied in diseases where PRO can be used to evaluate clinical status and needs. Questionnaires and algorithms should be adapted for the specific patient groups and clinical aims.
Association of Apolipoprotein B /Apolipoprotein A-I Ratio With Cardiometabolic Risk Biomarkers in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Makaju Hari Sharan , Sharma Vijay Kumar , Yadav Binod Kumar , Tuladhar Eans Tara , Bhandari Roshan , Bhattarai Aseem , Raut Mithileshwor , Dubey Raju , Niraula Apeksha , Sapkota Alisha , Neupane Anant , Ramtel Rabina
Published: March 2022

Background
Patients with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome have increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Measuring the Apolipoprotein B (Apo B) can accurately estimate the atherogenic particles whereas Apolipoprotein A-I (Apo A-I) is the major structural constituent of antiatherogenic high-density lipoproteins. Early analysis of cardiometabolic risk reduces the chance of CVD.
Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of Apo B/Apo A-I ratio with cardiometabolic risk biomarkers in T2DM.
Material and Methods
This cross sectional study conducted at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, included 120 diagnosed with type 2 diabetes Mellitus visiting Medicine OPD and 120 apparently healthy controls. Clinical and anthropometric characteristics were documented using clinical proforma. The fasting blood samples were collected for estimating serum glucose, Apo B, Apo A-I, traditional lipid profile analysis and Apo B/Apo A-I ratio were calculated.
Results
The mean values of cardiometabolic risk biomarkers and Apo B/Apo A-I ratio in patents with T2DM were significantly higher whereas HDL-C was significantly lower than that of a control group (p ≤ 0.001). There was a strong positive correlation between the Apo B/Apo A-I ratio and LDL-C, TC, Non HDL-C, and Apo B (r = 0.68–0.89, p < 0.001). Similarly, modest positive correlation was found with BMI, WC, TG and VLDL-C (r = 0.55–0.67, p < 0.001) and a weak, yet significant, correlation (r = 0.18–0.35 p < 0.05) with weight, systolic blood pressure and FBG. In contrast, the ratio showed negative correlation with HDL-C and Apo A-I (r = -0.58, p < 0.001).
Conclusion:
The present study demonstrated that an elevated Apo B/Apo A-I ratio constituted a good association with cardiometabolic biomarkers and supports that the Apo B/Apo A-I ratio as a promising risk marker of future cardiovascular disease as it is not interfered by dietary variation of lipid intake during investigation.
The efficacy of pegylated interferon and entecavir in HBeAg-positive children and adolescents with chronic hepatitis B
Authors: He Yi , zhou Yingzhi , Wang Huimin , Peng Xiaorong , Chang Yunan , Hu Peng , Ren Hong , Xu Hongmei
Published: March 2022

Background and objectives: Pegylated interferon (peg-IFN) and entecavir (ETV) are both recommended as the first-line antiviral drugs for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) at present. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety between peg-IFN and ETV initial therapy in children and adolescents with CHB and investigate the potential factors affecting the treatment response during the first 48 weeks. Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 70 treatment-naïve children and adolescents with CHB who received peg-IFN(n=26) or ETV(n=44) as initial therapy and completed 48-week follow-up for data analysis. Blood samples before treatment were collected from 26 patients of the cohort to assess the cytokine profiles. Results: We found that initial peg-IFN therapy results in higher rates of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) serological response (SR) but lower rates of virological and biochemical response rates compared to ETV at week 48. As for achieving hepatitis B envelope antigen (HBeAg) SR, peg-IFN was comparable to ETV in the univariate analysis and turned out to be better than ETV after adjustment for important baseline factors. We also found that elevated pre-treatment IL-18 level was significantly associated with HBeAg SR, and remained as the only independent factor of predicting HBeAg SR after adjustment for other important factors. No serious adverse effects of the 2 drugs were reported during the 48-week follow-up. Conclusions: comparing to ETV, peg-IFN was superior in achieving HBsAg and HBeAg SR; higher baseline IL-18 levels were independently associated with HBeAg SR in this study of children and adolescents with CHB.
Multi-Scale-Average-Filter-Assisted Level Set Segmentation Model with Local Region Restoration Achievements
Authors: Mabood Lutful , Badshah Noor , Ali Haider , Zakarya Muhammad , Ahmed Aftab , Khan Ayaz Ali , Rada Lavdie , Haleem Muhammad
Published: March 2022

Segmentation of noisy images having light in the background it is a challenging task for the existing segmen-tation models. In this paper, we propose a new variational model for joint restoration and segmentation of noisy images having intensity inhomogeneity in the presence of high contrast light in the background. The proposed model combines statistical local region information of circular regions centered at each pixel with a multi-phase segmentation technique enabling inhomogeneous image restoration. The proposed model is written in the fuzzy set framework and solved by alternating direction minimization method of multipliers. Through experiments, we have tested our proposed model on different types of synthetic and real images in the presence of intensity in-homogeneity and demonstrate the accuracy and the robustness of the proposed model. In addition, the results are compared with state of the art two-phase and multi-phase methods and show that our method has superiority for images in the presence of noise and inhomogeneity.
Maternal Coping Mechanism and Its associated factors following perinatal loss in Hospitals of Wolaita Zone, South Ethiopia, 2021
Authors: Yeshambel Addisu , Alene Tamiru , Asmare Getachew , Asnake Gedion , Anmut Wallilign , Abebe Kelemu
Published: March 2022

Background: Perinatal loss is the most painful and unanticipated experience for those who conceived and it’s a major global concern worldwide, especially in developed countries like Ethiopia. Women who lost their pregnancy are believed to be at higher risk of developing severe grief following a loss. To reduce the risk of complications after perinatal loss, health care providers need to appreciate the grieving process and identify factors of grief in mothers for early copying and to be managed promptly by providing adequate emotional, social, and psychological support. The purpose of this study was to assess Maternal coping mechanisms and its associated factors following perinatal loss in Hospitals of Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia, 2021. Method: A Hospital-based cross-sectional design from June 30/2021-August1/2021 was conducted. Study participants were selected through systematic random sampling. Epi-data manager version 4.6 was used for template preparation and data entry and SPSS version 25 was used for analysis. Logistic regression with 95% CI was employed. The strength of association was declared at a P value<0.05. Result: Out of the total 393 participants, 51.4% fall under high/positive copying whereas the rest 48.6% had a poor coping mechanism following perinatal loss or grief. Participants who have been satisfied on marriage(AOR=5.64, 95% CI(3.10-10.29)), history ANC follow-up(AOR=2.52, 95%CI(1.39-4.57)), profession-based support(AOR=2.91, 95%CI(1.64-5.15)), support from their own spiritual belief (AOR=3.87, 95%CI(2.33-6.43)), support from their parents(AOR=8.11, 95%CI(3.94-16.69)),support from their husband(AOR=3.2, 95%CI(1.74-5.89)) and discussed/ received information from those who had a history of loss(AOR=2.65, 95%CI(1.31-5.32)) were some of the factors associated with maternal copying following perinatal loss. Conclusion and recommendation: Maternal coping following the perinatal loss was relatively low. Thus, Health care providers need to be more cautious and ensure mothers receive adequate care. Increasing awareness of the support needs of perinatally bereaved mothers and ensuring giving adequate emotional, social, and psychological support for them during grieving moments is essential.
The Association between Serum Fatty Acids and Pregnancy in PCOS Women Undergoing Ovulation Induction
Authors: Li Mingyue , Tian Ye , Lv Yonghuan , Xu Yanping , Bai Xiaohong , Zhang Huijuan , Wang Yanxia , Song Xueru
Published: March 2022

Background: Long-term dietary fat intake is thought to affect metabolism and pregnancy of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients, and the type of fatty acids one consumes plays an important role. Previous studies mostly used questionnaires to analyze the type and proportion of fatty acids. In this study, serum fatty acids were measured by the gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry method before ovulation induction to explore the influence of serum fatty acids on pregnancy in PCOS when undergoing ovulation induction.Methods: This prospective study included ninety-one PCOS patients. We investigated serum fatty acid profiles using the gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry method. We compared the fatty acids between the pregnancy group and the non-pregnancy group and explored the influence of the fatty acids on live births and pregnancy loss. Results: Petroselinic acid in the pregnancy group was higher than in the non-pregnancy group (4.99% vs. 3.35%, P = 0.009), and nervonic acid was lower in the pregnancy group than in the non-pregnancy group (0.24% vs. 0.29%, P = 0.014). The following trans fatty acids were significantly lower in the pregnancy group than in the non-pregnancy group: trans-10-heptadecenoic acid, trans-vaccenic acid, trans-7-nonadecenoic acid, trans-11-eicosenoic acid, and brassidic acid. The level of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the live birth group was significantly higher than the pregnancy loss group (16.95% vs. 14.06%, P = 0.027). Among individual PUFAs, the levels of linoleic acid (P = 0.043), docosapentaenoic acid (P = 0.015), alpha-linolenic acid (P = 0.040) and eicosapentaenoic acid (P = 0.032) were higher in the live birth group than in the pregnancy loss group. After adjusting for infertility duration, age, and body mass index, our findings suggested a positive association between pregnancy and petroselinic acid and an inverse association between pregnancy and nervonic acid, trans-10-heptadecenoic acid, trans-vaccenic acid, trans-7-nonadecenoic acid, trans-11-eicosenoic acid, and brassidic acid and pregnancy.Conclusions: Our findings indicate that serum trans fatty acids and nervonic acid are inversely associated with pregnancy. Serum petroselinic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acids are beneficial to pregnancy.
Complex Trait Analysis of Human Gut Microbiome-Active Traits in Sorghum bicolor: a new category of human health traits in food crops
Authors: Yang Qinnan , Haute Mallory Van , Korth Nate , Sattler Scott , Toy John , Rose Devin , Schnable James , Benson Andrew
Published: March 2022

Several bioactive components of the human diet have major effects on composition and function of the gut microbiome, but no systematic framework exists for understanding variation in microbiome-active components amid the vast amount of genotypic and phenotypic variation within a given species of food crop. Here we present a powerful new approach for complex trait analysis of Microbiome-Active Traits (MATs) in food crops. Capitalizing on a novel automated in vitro microbiome screening (AiMS) methodology to quantify human gut microbiome phenotypes after fermentation of grain from genetically diverse lines, we show how microbiome phenotypes can be used as quantitative traits for genetic analysis. Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) analysis of AiMS-based phenotypes across grain samples from 294 sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) recombinant inbred lines identified significant QTLs at 10 different genomic regions that collectively control MATs affecting 16 different microbial taxa. Segregation analysis and validation in Near-Isogenic Lines (NILs) confirmed that overlapping QTL peaks for microbiome phenotypes, seed color, and tannin concentration are driven by variation in the Tan2 (chromosome 2) and Tan1 (chromosome 4) regulators of the tannin biosynthetic pathway. Candidate genes at other QTLs suggest that variation in a diverse array of plant molecules can drive MATs.
Assessment of clinical effect of long-term administration of maintenance temozolomide therapy in patients with IDH1/2-wildtype glioblastoma
Authors: Ohno Makoto , Miyakita Yasuji , Takahashi Masamichi , Yanagisawa Shunsuke , Tamura Yukie , Narita Yoshitaka
Published: March 2022

PurposeWe aimed to explore the clinical impact of long-term maintenance temozolomide (TMZ) on glioblastoma (GBM) patient outcomes. MethodsWe included 41 patients with isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1/2-wildtype GBM, who completed 12 cycles of TMZ between June 2006 and December 2019. Associations between the Karnofsky performance status at 12 cycles (KPS at 12 cycles), residual tumor at 12 cycles, MGMT promoter methylation status, maintenance therapy regimen, or maintenance TMZ beyond 12 cycles and outcomes were assessed.ResultsThe median progression-free survival and median survival time were 25.0 and 45.1 months. Multivariate analysis based on KPS at 12 cycles, residual tumor at 12 cycles, maintenance therapy regimen, maintenance TMZ beyond 12 cycles, and the MGMT promoter methylation status revealed that KPS at 12 cycles ≥ 80 was significantly associated with increased survival after completing 12 cycles (p = 0.0007). The median survival time for 26 patients with KPS at 12 cycles ≥ 80 was significantly longer than that for 15 those with KPS at 12 cycles < 80 (89.3 months vs. 30.7 months: p < 0.0001). The 5-year survival rate for patients with KPS at 12 cycles ≥ 80 was 57.0%. The median survival after first progression was 11.9 months in 29 patients who had tumor progression.ConclusionsPatients who completed 12 cycles of TMZ with KPS at 12 cycles ≥ 80 had an extremely favorable OS, suggesting these patients could receive maximum benefits from prolonged TMZ. Long-term maintenance TMZ does not appear to negatively affect survival after tumor progression.
The Study on the Clinico-pathological Spectrum of Non-neoplastic and Neoplastic Lesions in Cholecystectomy Specimens at a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Chaudhary Aishwarya , Bhattacharya Aarti B
Published: March 2022

Background: Most commonly used surgical procedure for gall-bladder pathology is cholecystectomy. Gall-bladder diseases incidence has increased over the past decade and are cause for a number of histopathological changes like pre-neoplastic conditions and ultimately culminating into the neoplasia. Histopathologic examination of the specimen serves as the absolute diagnosis of the non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions as pre-operative imaging techniques fail to identify the lesions

Aim: To analyse the clinico-pathological spectrum of various non- neoplastic and neoplastic lesions

occurring in cholecystectomy specimens with and without gall bladder calculus.

Materials & Method: An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted between 2019 to 2020 at a tertiary care centre in Safedabad, Barabanki, UP. A total of 135 cholecystectomy specimens were evaluated for histopathological examination. After histopathological reporting all cases were clinicopatholically related. Data was analysed using SPSS software, the demographic data were presented as frequency, percentage; continuous variables with mean and standard deviation.

Results: 74.8% were females (n=101) and 25.2% were males (n=34) with mean age of 42.96 years. Gall-bladder stone was present in 85.2% of patients (n=115) and absent in 14.8% patients (n=20). Neoplastic lesion in 7 of the patients, 5 patients with adenocarcinoma, 1 patient with adenosquamous carcinoma and 1 patient with papillary adenocarcinoma. Gall-bladder carcinoma were diagnosed in our study; the poorly differentiated GBC revealed high Ki67 Score.

Conclusion: Gall-bladder diseases can have a varied presentation both clinically and histopathologically. Hence, a complete and meticulous macroscopic and microscopic examination of all cholecystectomy specimens should be mandatory for better patient care.
A produção acadêmica sobre o Turismo Religioso e a COVID-19:
Authors: Da Silva Cruz Bruno , José dos santos Junior João
Published: March 2022

A produção acadêmica abordando a temática do turismo religioso tem sido crescente nos últimos anos. Particularmente em 2020 e 2021 onde verifica-se o crescimento de estudos e a consequente relevância dessa área. Sobretudo em 2020 quando o mundo foi atingido pela grave pandemia de Covid-19. Dessa forma, a temática do turismo religioso se encontra também impactada pela referida pandemia, assim, foram necessária medidas sanitárias e o isolamento social imposto para a contenção do vírus afetando diversos segmentos turísticos O presente trabalho se utilizou de uma pesquisa exploratório-descritiva com abordagem quantitativa e como metodologia a bibliometria a respeito do tema, utilizando como ferramenta a base de dados Scopus, a fim observar os impactos ocasionados pela crise pandêmica no atendimento aos praticantes de turismo sob a motivação religiosa, bem como compreender a pertinência do assunto por meio da apresentação de material publicado a respeito do tema. Os resultados indicam a importância e a relevância da temática na contemporaneidade e também a importância de pesquisas práticas sobretudo no contexto brasileiro que possam esclarecer pontos ainda não muito bem aprofundados sobre a temática. Sobretudo porque a abordagem a esse conteúdo se utiliza de bibliografia recente, os autores deste trabalho pretenderam apresentar um panorama destas publicações no contexto pandêmico, estimando que possa também servir como apoio para pesquisas posteriores.

Palavras-chave: Turismo religioso. Pandemia. Bibliometria.
Impact of Cerebral Oxygen Saturation Monitoring on Short-term Neurodevelopmental
Outcomes in Neonates with Encephalopathy - A Prospective
Cohort Study
Authors: Tewari Vishal Vishnu , Kumar Ashutosh , Kurup Arjun , Daryani Hitesh , Saxena Apoorv
Published: March 2022

Background:

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been used for monitoring cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) in neonates. There is a lack of data from low-middle income countries (LMIC) setting of cerebral rSO2 in neonates with encephalopathy of diverse etiologies. This study aimed to monitor cerebral rSO2 using NIRS in encephalopathic neonates to maintain the rSO2 be-tween 55 to 85 % in the first 72 hours of admission to improve short-term neurodevelopmental out-comes (NDO).

Materials and Methods:

This prospective cohort study enrolled encephalopathic neonates with hy-poxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and non-HIE etiologies into 8 clinical categories. The cere-bral rSO2 was monitored and targeted to be between 55 to 85 %, with predefined actions and man-agement alterations over 72 hours. The neurodevelopmental assessment was conducted at 3, 6, and 9-12 months corrected age. Moreover, the motor and mental developmental quotients (MoDQ) (MeDQ) were recorded and compared to historical control.

Results:

A total of 120 neonates were enrolled and assessed for NDO. The MoDQ (mean ± SD) was 92.55 ± 14.85, 93.80 ± 13.20, 91.02 ± 12.69 and MeDQ (mean ± SD) was 91.80 ± 12.98, 91.80 ± 13.69, 88.41 ± 11.60 at 3, 6 and 9-12 months. The MoDQ and MeDQ scores of the historic cohort at 12 months were 86.35 ± 20.34 and 86.58 ± 18.27. The mean difference [MD (95 %CI)] for MoDQ was - 4.670 (- 8.48 to - 0.85) (p=0.0165) and for MeDQ was - 1.83 (- 5.26 to 1.6) (p=0.29). There was a negative correlation between the composite developmental quotient (CoDQ) with mean rSO2 and a positive correlation with cerebral fractional tissue oxygen extraction (CFTOE). Neonates with HIE and neonatal encephalopathy (NE) (n=37/120) had the lowest motor and mental DQ on neuro-developmental assessment. Clinical categories, neonatal meningitis (NM), and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) improved in DQ scores over the study period.

Conclusion:

Monitoring and maintaining cerebral rSO2 between 55-85 % through appropriate management changes improved neurodevelopmental scores at the 12-month follow-up in neonates with encephalopathy caused by varied etiologies.
Herbal Medicines as Potential Immune Boosters against Coronavirus Diseases
Authors: Chime Salome Amarachi , Madumere Chika Phoebe
Published: March 2022

Coronavirus disease COVID-19 is causing havoc globally, infecting millions of people and has led to the deaths of people in thousands. COVID-19 attacks persons with low immune systems, especially neonates and geriatrics. Hence, boosting immunity may be one of the best options during this pandemic. There is a need to explore the possible herbal drugs to boost the immunity of people as a result of the rising cases of deaths due to COVID-19. However, the rationale for the use of herbal drugs is that each herb has the possibility of treating many health conditions. A single herb could have antiviral, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Herbs may be one possible source of a true cure for COVID-19. Herbal drugs are from renewable sources and pose less danger of possible adverse effects compared to synthetic drugs. Because COVID-19 has no true cure presently, man should resort to herbal drugs given by nature. Herbal drugs are highly potent and efficacious; hence, the early men treated their ailments with herbs. However, their use has been limited by poor pharmaceutical design into dosage forms that would be acceptable to people. Herbal drugs could be formulated as teas, decoctions, infusions, and, more recently, tablets, capsules, microparticles, nanoparticles, and phytosomes, amongst others. Different herbal plants with possible immune booster effects will be discussed in this work, and how they can be formulated into stable and acceptable dosage forms will be explored.
Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Thymbra spicata L. var. spicata Essential
Oil as a Potential Source of Herbal Medicine
Authors: Şahiner Aslı , Aksoy Sevinç , Yapar Evren Algın , Cengiz Gökhan , Halat Ece , Ateş Mustafa
Published: March 2022

Background:

Since ancient times, human kind has used plants for their flavor and essence and
especially for medical purposes; they are also used as food sources. Turkey, due to its geographical location, is home to many varieties of species of medicinal and aromatic plants. Aromatic and medicinal plants
produce essential oils in the form of secondary metabolites. These essential oils are being used in the
food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Due to the various side effects of synthetic agents, the use
of essential oils as antimicrobial agents comes to the fore.

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to determine the essential oil composition of Thymbra spicata
L. var. spicata collected from the Gaziantep Region of Turkey and to evaluate its antimicrobial efficacy
against microorganism species commonly encountered in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries.

Methods:

In this study, the antimicrobial effect of the volatile oil obtained from dried leaves of Thymbra
spicata L. var. spicata, traditionally known as Zahter, was investigated. For this purpose, volatile oil was
obtained from the leaves of the plant by steam vapor distillation method. Antimicrobial efficacy tests were
conducted against microorganisms; Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus hirae, Enterococcus faecalis,
Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus hauseri, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, and Candida albicans.

Results:

Results of the experiments showed that the volatile oil obtained from Thymbra spicata L. var.
spicata had a cidal effect on selected pathogenic microorganisms even at low concentrations.

Conclusion:

This study showed that the high carvacrol content of the T. spicata L. var. spicata grown in
the Gaziantep region of Turkey is a promising source of antimicrobial raw materials in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries.
Research on the Reform Path of Professional Title System of Human Resource Management in the New Era
Authors: Fuxia Gao , Xinyi Ye , Xinpeng Xu
Published: March 2022

Human resource management professionals are an important part of professional and technical personnel, and an important force to promote the high-quality development of social economy. Strengthening human resources management reform of professional title system, implement the central personnel work, such as the embodiment of the important conference spirit, to speed up the human resource service industry plays an important role in promoting the healthy development and the inevitable requirement of unit of choose and employ persons, promote efficiency of management of human resources, enhance human resource management professional sense of belonging. However, a new era of human resources management system of professional title reform faces four big problems: 1) evaluation standard is not scientific, 2) the single evaluation way suits inadequate, 3) the inefficiency of streamlining administration, delegating powers, improving regulation, and 4) strengthening services, weak publicity. So this article suggested from four aspects, to construct scientific and effective reform path of professional title system of human resource management: 1) establish scientific evaluation standards, 2) innovative judging methods, 3) improve the level of review management services, and 4) increase publicity.
Formative Assessment is a Scaffold for ELs to Reach ZPD’s Second Layer: A Literature Review Study
Authors: Alam Zahangir
Published: March 2022

Learning and teaching can’t function well without assessing students’ performance. More so, formative assessment is the most essential sort of evaluation in academic contexts. Teachers and students alike benefit from the dynamic nature of this evaluation as it brings students and English teachers closer together, instructors are better able to encourage and assist student learning. Both teachers and students benefit from this assessment process, which helps them better understand each other’s strengths and flaws. Instructors can provide input to students based on their needs, similar to how a building is built. As a result, formative assessment appears to be a scaffold for ELs, assisting them when they encounter difficulties and preparing them to move to an optimum level of efficiency. The purpose of this critical review is to (i) explain formative assessment from major theoretical perspectives. (ii) Conceptualize formative assessment and Scaffolding. (iii) Reiterate my belief that formative assessment propels learners to the second layer of ZPD.
Histórico de inundaciones, lluvias extremas y los atlas de riesgos. El caso de Victoria de Durango, México
Authors: Rivas Gómez Elfide Mariela , Aparicio Moreno Carlos Estuardo , Martínez Cruz Diego Armando , Alarcón Herrera María Teresa
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: analizar la información sobre las precipitaciones pluviales ocurridas desde el siglo XVIII hasta la segunda década del siglo XXI en Victoria de Durango, México, mediante documentación histórica que se contrasta con los datos meteorológicos y el Atlas de Riesgos de dicha ciudad. Metodología: estudio histórico de las inundaciones, la observación de datos hidrometeorológicos y entrevistas aplicadas a algunos actores de la ciudad. La información histórica, producto de fuentes documentales y entrevistas a historiadores, se conjuntó con las fuentes oficiales. Resultados: la caracterización de los daños y riesgos asociados con las inundaciones, además de la descripción, el desarrollo y las causas de éstas. Limitaciones: el Atlas de Riesgos de Victoria de Durango no proporciona información histórica sobre desastres, daños y pérdidas. Valor: la carta de las zonas de inundación elaborada aquí muestra periodos de cien años de retorno de lluvias y describe la severidad del fenómeno. Conclusiones: los atlas de riesgos deben incluir evidencias documentadas en archivos históricos, tales como información cartográfica, investigación periodística y el saber de los historiadores.