bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new faunistic component of the Lower Triassic Panchet Formation of India increases the continental non-archosauromorph neodiapsid record in the aftermath of the end-Permian mass extinction
Authors: Ezcurra Martín D. , Bandyopadhyay Saswati , Sen Kasturi
Published: November 2021

The fossil record of Early Triassic diapsids is very important to understand how the end-Permian mass extinction affected ecosystems and the patterns and processes involved in the subsequent biotic recovery. Vertebrate fossil assemblages of continental deposits in current-day South Africa, China, and Russia are the best source of information of this clade during the aftermath of the extinction event. Although considerably less sampled, the Induan continental rocks of the Panchet Formation of the Damodar Basin (eastern India) have also yielded a relatively diverse vertebrate assemblage composed of fishes, temnospondyls, synapsids, and a single proterosuchid taxon. Here, we report on a small isolated diapsid partial ilium (ISIR 1132) from the upper Panchet Formation. This specimen has a distinct morphology compared to other tetrapods that we know, including a shallow emargination on the dorsal margin of the anterior portion of the iliac blade, and ratio between height of iliac blade versus maximum height of iliac acetabulum at level of the dorsalmost extension of supraacetabular crest ≤0.45. Comparisons and a quantitative phylogenetic analysis found ISIR 1132 as a non-archosauromorph neodiapsid. This new specimen expands the reptile diversity in the Panchet Formation as well as for the rest of Gondwana, where Early Triassic non-archosauromorph neodiapsid species are extremely scarce.
A restaurant process with cocktail bar and relations to the three-parameter Mittag–Leffler distribution
Authors: Möhle Martin
Published: November 2021

In addition to the features of the two-parameter Chinese restaurant process (CRP), the restaurant under consideration has a cocktail bar and hence allows for a wider range of (bar and table) occupancy mechanisms. The model depends on three real parameters,
$\alpha$
,
$\theta_1$
, and
$\theta_2$
, fulfilling certain conditions. Results known for the two-parameter CRP are carried over to this model. We study the number of customers at the cocktail bar, the number of customers at each table, and the number of occupied tables after n customers have entered the restaurant. For
$\alpha>0$
the number of occupied tables, properly scaled, is asymptotically three-parameter Mittag–Leffler distributed as n tends to infinity. We provide representations for the two- and three-parameter Mittag–Leffler distribution leading to efficient random number generators for these distributions. The proofs draw heavily from methods known for exchangeable random partitions, martingale methods known for generalized Pólya urns, and results known for the two-parameter CRP.
Sequential metric dimension for random graphs
Authors: Ódor Gergely , Thiran Patrick
Published: November 2021

In the localization game on a graph, the goal is to find a fixed but unknown target node$v^\star$with the least number of distance queries possible. In thejth step of the game, the player queries a single node$v_j$and receives, as an answer to their query, the distance between the nodes$v_j$and$v^\star$. The sequential metric dimension (SMD) is the minimal number of queries that the player needs to guess the target with absolute certainty, no matter where the target is.

The term SMD originates from the related notion of metric dimension (MD), which can be defined the same way as the SMD except that the player’s queries are non-adaptive. In this work we extend the results of Bollobás, Mitsche, and Prałat [4] on the MD of Erdős–Rényi graphs to the SMD. We find that, in connected Erdős–Rényi graphs, the MD and the SMD are a constant factor apart. For the lower bound we present a clean analysis by combining tools developed for the MD and a novel coupling argument. For the upper bound we show that a strategy that greedily minimizes the number of candidate targets in each step uses asymptotically optimal queries in Erdős–Rényi graphs. Connections with source localization, binary search on graphs, and the birthday problem are discussed.
On the finiteness and tails of perpetuities under a Lamperti–Kiu MAP
Authors: Alili Larbi , Woodford David
Published: November 2021

Consider a Lamperti–Kiu Markov additive process $(J, \xi)$ on $\{+, -\}\times\mathbb R\cup \{-\infty\}$, where J is the modulating Markov chain component. First we study the finiteness of the exponential functional and then consider its moments and tail asymptotics under Cramér’s condition. In the strong subexponential case we determine the subexponential tails of the exponential functional under some further assumptions.
HTP-COMPLETE RINGS OF RATIONAL NUMBERS
Authors: MILLER RUSSELL
Published: November 2021

For a ring R, Hilbert’s Tenth Problem
$HTP(R)$
is the set of polynomial equations over R, in several variables, with solutions in R. We view
$HTP$
as an enumeration operator, mapping each set W of prime numbers to
$HTP(\mathbb {Z}[W^{-1}])$
, which is naturally viewed as a set of polynomials in
$\mathbb {Z}[X_1,X_2,\ldots ]$
. It is known that for almost all W, the jump
$W'$
does not
$1$
-reduce to
$HTP(R_W)$
. In contrast, we show that every Turing degree contains a set W for which such a
$1$
-reduction does hold: these W are said to be HTP-complete. Continuing, we derive additional results regarding the impossibility that a decision procedure for
$W'$
from
$HTP(\mathbb {Z}[W^{-1}])$
can succeed uniformly on a set of measure
$1$
, and regarding the consequences for the boundary sets of the
$HTP$
operator in case
$\mathbb {Z}$
has an existential definition in
$\mathbb {Q}$
.
NEW RELATIONS AND SEPARATIONS OF CONJECTURES ABOUT INCOMPLETENESS IN THE FINITE DOMAIN
Authors: KHANIKI ERFAN
Published: November 2021

In [20] Krajíček and Pudlák discovered connections between problems in computational complexity and the lengths of first-order proofs of finite consistency statements. Later Pudlák [25] studied more statements that connect provability with computational complexity and conjectured that they are true. All these conjectures are at least as strong as
$\mathsf {P}\neq \mathsf {NP}$
[23–25].One of the problems concerning these conjectures is to find out how tightly they are connected with statements about computational complexity classes. Results of this kind had been proved in [20, 22].In this paper, we generalize and strengthen these results. Another question that we address concerns the dependence between these conjectures. We construct two oracles that enable us to answer questions about relativized separations asked in [19, 25] (i.e., for the pairs of conjectures mentioned in the questions, we construct oracles such that one conjecture from the pair is true in the relativized world and the other is false and vice versa). We also show several new connections between the studied conjectures. In particular, we show that the relation between the finite reflection principle and proof systems for existentially quantified Boolean formulas is similar to the one for finite consistency statements and proof systems for non-quantified propositional tautologies.
The Colonial Origins of Modern Territoriality: Property Surveying in the Thirteen Colonies
Authors: GOETTLICH KERRY
Published: November 2021

Most scholars agree the rise of states led to modern territoriality. Yet globally the transition to precise boundaries occurred most often in colonies, and there are virtually no systematic explanations of its occurrence outside Europe. This article explains how precise boundaries emerged in the earliest context where they were regularly and generally implemented: seventeenth- and eighteenth-century colonial North America. Unlike explanations of modern territoriality in Europe, it argues property boundary surveys became an entrenched practice on the part of settlers and were a readily available response to intercolonial boundary disputes. After independence, settlers who were accustomed to surveys pursued linear boundaries with Britain, Spain, and Russia. Moreover, the article argues that linear borders (delimited linearly and typically physically demarcated), not sovereignty, are constitutive of modern territoriality. By disentangling the literature’s Eurocentric confusion between modern territoriality and sovereign statehood, the article makes possible a global comparative study of the emergence of modern territoriality.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a multi-system disease influenced by ageing and sex, and affected by adipose tissue and intestinal function
Authors: Bilson Josh , Sethi Jaswinder K. , Byrne Christopher D.
Published: November 2021

In recent years, a wealth of factors are associated with increased risk of developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and NAFLD is now thought to increase the risk of multiple extra-hepatic diseases. The aim of this review is first to focus on the role of ageing and sex as key, poorly understood risk factors in the development and progression of NAFLD. Secondly, we aim to discuss the roles of white adipose tissue (WAT) and intestinal dysfunction, as producers of extra-hepatic factors known to further contribute to the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Finally, we aim to summarise the role of NAFLD as a multi-system disease affecting other organ systems beyond the liver. Both increased age and male sex increase the risk of NAFLD and this may be partly driven by alterations in the distribution and function of WAT. Similarly, changes in gut microbiota composition and intestinal function with ageing and chronic overnutrition are likely to contribute to the development of NAFLD both directly (i.e. by affecting hepatic function) and indirectly via exacerbating WAT dysfunction. Consequently, the presence of NAFLD significantly increases the risk of various extra-hepatic diseases including CVD, type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease and certain extra-hepatic cancers. Thus changes in WAT and intestinal function with ageing and chronic overnutrition contribute to the development of NAFLD – a multi-system disease that subsequently contributes to the development of other chronic cardiometabolic diseases.
Working Group 3: Collision Cross-Sections and Line Broadening
Authors: Burgess A.
Published: November 2021

Stark broadening (1) and polarisation shift effect in high density plasmas (2) have been reviewed. Critical reviews and a tabulation of selected data of the Stark widths and shifts of lines of non hydrogenic atoms and ions have been published (32,33).
3. Lunar Research: U.S.S.R.
Authors: Shevchenko V.V.
Published: November 2021

The Astronomical Council of the Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R. Two statistical models of regolith dynamics were investigated in cooperation with the Institute of Geochemistry. The dependence of material distribution upon depth and time and the dependence of crater distribution upon radius and shape of craters were studied. The theoretical hypsographic curve was drawn for the relief stipulated by cratering. The evolution time of the layer was shown to be the product of two factors, the first one depending only on the initial depth of deposit of the layer and on the size distribution of craters, and the second one corresponding to the extent of processing of the layer, depending on the size distribution and shape of craters (G.A. Leikin et al., Astron. Vestnik, [2], 1978).
Strategies for EELS Data Analysis. Introducing UMAP and HDBSCAN for Dimensionality Reduction and Clustering
Authors: Blanco-Portals Javier , Peiró Francesca , Estradé Sònia
Published: November 2021

Hierarchical density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (HDBSCAN) and uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP), two new state-of-the-art algorithms for clustering analysis, and dimensionality reduction, respectively, are proposed for the segmentation of core-loss electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) spectrum images. The performances of UMAP and HDBSCAN are systematically compared to the other clustering analysis approaches used in EELS in the literature using a known synthetic dataset. Better results are found for these new approaches. Furthermore, UMAP and HDBSCAN are showcased in a real experimental dataset from a core–shell nanoparticle of iron and manganese oxides, as well as the triple combination nonnegative matrix factorization–UMAP–HDBSCAN. The results obtained indicate how the complementary use of different combinations may be beneficial in a real-case scenario to attain a complete picture, as different algorithms highlight different aspects of the dataset studied.
DO POOR ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS DRIVE TRACHOMA TRANSMISSION IN BURUNDI? A MATHEMATICAL MODELLING STUDY
Authors: NDISABIYE D. , WATERS E. K. , GORE R. , SIDHU H.
Published: November 2021

Trachoma is an infectious disease and it is the leading cause of preventable blindness worldwide. To achieve its elimination, the World Health Organization set a goal of reducing the prevalence in endemic areas to less than
$5$
% by 2020, utilizing the SAFE (surgery, antibiotics, facial cleanliness, environmental improvement) strategy. However, in Burundi, trachoma prevalences of greater than
$5$
% are still reported in 11 districts and it is hypothesized that this is due to the poor implementation of the environmental improvement factor of the SAFE strategy. In this paper, a model based on an ordinary differential equation, which includes an environmental transmission component, is developed and analysed. The model is calibrated to recent field data and is used to estimate the reductions in trachoma that would have occurred if adequate environmental improvements were implemented in Burundi. Given the assumptions in the model, it is clear that environmental improvement should be considered as a key component of the SAFE strategy and, hence, it is crucial for eliminating trachoma in Burundi.
Introduction to special issue on institutional influences on retirement, health and well-being
Authors: Knapp David , Lee Jinkook
Published: November 2021

Countries make differing policy choices. They can serve as a scientific laboratory for drawing lessons on the policy paths to follow or to avoid and the consequences of those institutional choices on individuals at older ages. In this special issue we bring together six articles that evaluate the influence of institutions on retirement decisions, health and well-being of older adults using common data that have emerged with the international network of health and retirement studies to study key life outcomes such as health, work, and lifecycle transitions at older ages.
Bridging Troubled Times
Authors: Nalis Irina , Kubicek Bettina , Korunka Christian
Published: November 2021

Abstract. The current labor market has produced manifold crises with high unemployment rates and increasing worklife dynamics. Adaptability and identity are metaskills that enable the learning process necessary to overcome obstacles on the career path. The contribution of this review lies in its focus on the question of whether the metaskills of career adaptability and identity can serve to bridge troubled times for everyone in the working population. This review provides a conceptual model of a “decent career” that acknowledges challenging circumstances based on demographic differences (e. g., age, ethnicity, sex) or structural conditions (e. g., economic crisis) and the antecedents necessary to foster individual skills that serve various beneficial outcomes.
Tracking and Controlling the Spatiotemporal Spread of SARS‐CoV‐2 Lineage B.1.1.7 in COVID‐19 Reopenings
Authors: Tong Chengzhuo , Shi Wenzhong , Zhang Anshu , Shi Zhicheng
Published: November 2021

Understanding why or how the emergence of SARS‐CoV‐2 variants has occurred and how to control them is crucial as regards the potential of global reopening. To explore and further understand the spatiotemporal dynamics of the B.1.1.7 spread in the 368 districts of Taiwan, a district‐level geographic prediction model of the risk of COVID‐19 symptom onset has been proposed. It has been found that, (a) the human mobility, epidemic alert measures, and vaccination rates all played an important role in the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of B.1.1.7 transmission; (b) for regions with high human mobility and low vaccination rates, the partial relaxation of entry quarantine measures for specific imported groups would, in fact, lead to a wide spread of B.1.1.7 with a consequent doubling of high‐onset‐risk areas and together with the overall onset risk, a further increase of more than 20% would occur; (c) compared with the closing of business places and public venues in all districts, both lockdown in those areas of high‐onset‐risk and the gathered control effects regarding other districts, the control of B.1.1.7 spread would be better enabled by an onset risk reduction of up to 91.36%. Additionally, an increase in the vaccination rate in each district by up to 5–10 times would further reduce the onset risk by 6.07%–62.22%.
The Limpopo Magma‐Rich Transform Margin, South Mozambique – 2: Implications for the Gondwana Breakup
Authors: Roche V. , Leroy S. , Guillocheau F. , Revillon S. , Ruffet G. , Watremez L. , d’Acremont E. , Nonn C. , Vetel W. , Despinois F.
Published: November 2021

The rifted continental margins of Mozambique provide excellent examples of continental passive margins with a significant structural variability associated with magmatism and inheritance. Despite accumulated knowledge, the tectonic structure and nature of the crust beneath the South Mozambique Coastal Plain (SMCP) are still poorly known. This study interprets high‐resolution seismic reflection data paired with data from industry‐drilled wells and proposes a structural model of the Limpopo transform margin in a magma‐rich context. Results indicate that the Limpopo transform margin is characterized by an ocean‐continent transition that links the Beira‐High and Natal valley margin segments and represents the western limit of the continental crust, separating continental volcano‐sedimentary infilled grabens from the oceanic crust domain. These basins result from the emplacement of the Karoo Supergroup during a Permo‐Triassic tectonic event, followed by an Early Jurassic tectonic and magmatic event. This latter led to the establishment of steady‐state seafloor spreading at ca.156 Ma along the SMCP. A Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous event corresponds to formation of the Limpopo transform fault zone. Which accommodated the SSE‐ward displacement of Antarctica with respect to Africa. We define a new type of margin: the magma‐rich transform margin, characterized by the presence of voluminous magmatic extrusion and intrusion coincident with the formation and evolution of the transform margin. The Limpopo transform fault zone consists of several syn‐transfer and ‐transform faults rather than a single transform fault. The intense magmatic activity was associated primarily with mantle dynamics, which controlled the large‐scale differential subsidence along the transform margin.
Highly efficient and simultaneous catalytic reduction of multiple toxic dyes and nitrophenols waste water using highly active bimetallic PdO–NiO nanocomposite
Authors: Ramu A. G. , Choi Dongjin
Published: November 2021

Azo dyes and nitrophenols have been widely used in the various industry which are highly toxic and affecting the photosynthetic cycle of aquatic organism. The industry disposals increase the accumulation of azo compounds in the environment. In the present study, we synthesized the low cost, PdO-doped NiO hetero-mixture via simple hydrothermal combined calcination process. The morphology results proved that, the spherical PdO nanoparticles are evenly doped with NiO nanoparticles. The band gap values of metal oxides NiO, PdO and PdO–NiO composite were found to be 4.05 eV, 3.84 eV and 4.24 eV, respectively. The high optical bandgap (Eg) value for composite suggests that the PdO interface and NiO interface are closely combined in the composite. The catalytic activity of the PdO–NiO was analyzed for the reduction of different toxic azo compounds namely, 4-nitrophenol (NP), 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP), methylene blue (MB), rhodamine B (RhB) and methyl orange (MO) separately and their mixture with the presence of a NaBH4. For the first time, the large volume of the toxic azo compounds was reduced into non-toxic compounds with high reduction rate. The proposed PdO–NiO catalyst exhibit excellent rate constant 0.1667, 0.0997, 0.0686 min−1 for NP, DNP and TNT and 0.099, 0.0416 and 0.0896 min−1 for MB, RhB and MO dyes respectively which is higher rate constant than the previously reported catalysts. Mainly, PdO–NiO completes the reduction of mixture of azo compounds within 8 min. Further, PdO–NiO exhibit stable reduction rate of azo compounds over five cycles with no significant loss. Hence, the proposed low cost and high efficient PdO–NiO catalyst could be the promising catalyst for degradation of azo compounds.
Suppressing measurement uncertainty in an inhomogeneous spin star system
Authors: Haddadi Saeed , Ghominejad Mehrdad , Akhound Ahmad , Pourkarimi Mohammad Reza
Published: November 2021

The uncertainty principle is known as a foundational element of quantum theory, providing a striking lower bound to quantify our prediction for the measured result of two incompatible observables. In this work, we study the thermal evolution of the entropic uncertainty bound in the presence of quantum memory for an inhomogeneous four-qubit spin-star system that is in the thermal regime. Intriguingly, our results show that the entropic uncertainty bound can be controlled and suppressed by adjusting the inhomogeneity parameter of the system.
MHD darcy-forchheimer nanofluid flow and entropy optimization in an odd-shaped enclosure filled with a (MWCNT-Fe3O4/water) using galerkin finite element analysis
Authors: Al-Kouz Wael , Aissa Abderrahmane , Koulali Aimad , Jamshed Wasim , Moria Hazim , Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy , Mourad Abed , Abdel-Aty Abdel-Haleem , Khashan M. Motawi , Yahia I. S.
Published: November 2021

MHD nanoliquid convective flow in an odd-shaped cavity filled with a multi-walled carbon nanotube-iron (II, III) oxide (MWCNT-Fe3O4) hybrid nanofluid is reported. The side walls are adiabatic, and the internal and external borders of the cavity are isothermally kept at high and low temperatures of Th and Tc, respectively. The governing equations obtained with the Boussinesq approximation are solved using Galerkin Finite Element Method (GFEM). Impact of Darcy number (Da), Hartmann number (Ha), Rayleigh number (Ra), solid volume fraction (ϕ), and Heated-wall length effect are presented. Outputs are illustrated in forms of streamlines, isotherms, and Nusselt number. The impact of multiple parameters namely Rayleigh number, Darcy number, on entropy generation rate was analyzed and discussed in post-processing under laminar and turbulent flow regimes.
Acute surgical site infection after total knee arthroplasty in patients with rheumatoid arthritis versus osteoarthritis
Authors: Chung Ho-Ken , Wen Shu-Hui , Chang Wei-Chuan , Liu Kuan-Lin
Published: November 2021

Osteoarthritis is the main cause for total knee arthroplasty (TKA), followed by rheumatoid arthritis. Previous studies have reported conflicting results concerning the risk of surgical site infection after TKA for rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patients. Thus, this study aimed to examine whether rheumatoid arthritis patients had a higher risk of acute surgical site infection after TKA compared to osteoarthritis patients. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database of the whole population from 2012 to 2015, and collected the medical records of osteoarthritis patients or rheumatoid arthritis patients who underwent TKA. To evaluate the risk of acute surgical site infection in rheumatoid arthritis patients, propensity score matching was implemented for osteoarthritis patients. Acute surgical site infection was observed in 2.58% of TKA cases in rheumatoid arthritis patients and 2.66% of TKA cases in osteoarthritis patients. Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patients had comparable risk for 90-day (odds ratio = 0.81, 95% confidence interval: 0.371–1.768) and 1-year (odds ratio = 0.463, 95% confidence interval: 0.121–1.766) surgical site infection. In conclusion, patients with rheumatoid arthritis were not at higher risk of acute surgical site infection after TKA compared to osteoarthritis patients. The current treatment strategy for patients with RA is safe and appropriate if they require TKA.
Fungal canker agents in apple production hubs of Iran
Authors: Nourian Abbas , Salehi Mina , Safaie Naser , Khelghatibana Fatemeh , Abdollahzadeh Jafar
Published: November 2021

To identify apple canker casual agents and evaluate their pathogenicity and virulence in apple production hubs including West Azarbaijan, Isfahan and Tehran provinces; samples were collected from symptomatic apple trees. Pathogenic isolates on the detached branches were identified as Cytospora cincta, Diplodia bulgarica, Neoscytalidium dimidiatum and Eutypa cf. lata. E. cf. lata was reported as a potential apple canker causal agent in Iran for the first time based on the pathogenicity test on the detached branches, whereas it caused no canker symptoms in apple trees until 6 months after inoculation. Currently, E. cf. lata seems to be adapted to a single city. C. cincta, D. bulgarica and N. dimidiatum caused canker symptoms in apple trees. “C. cincta” and also “C. cincta and N. dimidiatum” were the most widespread and aggressive apple canker species, respectively, associated with apple canker in Iran. Therefore, they are considered to be the main threat to apple production in Iran and should be carefully monitored. Disease progress curve, area under the disease progress curve and optimum temperatures were determined for mentioned species. It is concluded that the establishment of each species occurs in appropriate areas and times in terms of the optimum temperature for their growth.
On-demand nanozyme signal enhancement at the push of a button for the improved detection of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein in serum
Authors: Bradbury Daniel W. , Trinh Jasmine T. , Ryan Milo J. , Cantu Cassandra M. , Lu Jiakun , Nicklen Frances D. , Du Yushen , Sun Ren , Wu Benjamin M. , Kamei Daniel T.
Published: November 2021

We developed an innovative 3D printed casing that incorporates a lateral-flow immunoassay, dehydrated signal enhancement reagents, and a sealed buffer chamber.
The effect of the particle size on Fischer–Tropsch synthesis for ZSM-5 zeolite supported cobalt-based catalysts
Authors: Wang Hao , Wang Ziwei , Wang Sheng , Yang Chengguang , Li Shenggang , Gao Peng , Sun Yuhan
Published: November 2021

The highly selective synthesis of various middle distillate fuels including gasoline, jet fuel and diesel range hydrocarbons is achieved for hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolite supported cobalt catalysts with different cobalt particle sizes for syngas conversion.
Intramolecular rotations and electronic states of iron in the iron bis(dicarbollide) complex Fe[(C2B9H11)2] studied by a 57Fe nuclear probe and computational methods
Authors: Bednarska-Szczepaniak Katarzyna , Dziedzic-Kocurek Katarzyna , Przelazły Ewelina , Stanek Jan , Leśnikowski Zbigniew J.
Published: November 2021

The rotation of iron bis(dicarbollide) complexes was characterized by Mössbauer spectroscopy and computational methods. Unexpected FeII-like character in the 8-dioxane iron bis(dicarbollide) adduct was discovered.
Impact of cationic molecular length of ionic liquid electrolytes on cell performance of 18650 supercapacitors
Authors: Wuamprakhon Phatsawit , Donthongkwa Ruttiyakorn , Hantanasirisakul Kanit , Promarak Vinich , Limtrakul Jumras , Sawangphruk Montree
Published: November 2021

The specific cell capacitance, equivalent series resistance (ESR) and equivalent distributed resistance (EDR) of porous carbon-based supercapacitors linearly depend on the cationic molecular length of room-temperature ionic liquids.
Impact of the polar optical phonon and alloy scattering on the charge-carrier mobilities of FA0.83Cs0.17Pb(I1−xBrx)3 hybrid perovskites
Authors: Thongnum Anusit , Pingaew Ratchanok , Pinsook Udomsilp
Published: November 2021

This work provides new insights into the fundamental scattering processes in mixed-cation lead mixed–halide perovskites and yields basic knowledge of charge-carrier transport properties.
Specific chemical bond relaxation unraveled by analysis of shake-up satellites in the oxygen single site double core hole spectrum of CO2
Authors: Ferté Anthony , Penent Francis , Palaudoux Jérôme , Iwayama Hiroshi , Shigemasa Eiji , Hikosaka Yasumasa , Soejima Kouichi , Lablanquie Pascal , Taïeb Richard , Carniato Stéphane
Published: November 2021

Important electronic relaxation and reorganization effects induced by single site double core hole formation and associated shake-up excitation are investigated in CO2 by means of an highly accurate computation method using non orthogonal basis set. Connection between the two main satellite bands and the two (non equivalent) carbon oxygen bonds are highlighted.
Metallic C5N monolayer as an efficient catalyst for accelerating redox kinetics of sulfur in lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Wang Zhihao , Zeng Zhihao , Nong Wei , Yang Zhen , Qi Chenze , Qiao Zhengping , Li Yan , Wang Chengxin
Published: November 2021

2D metallic C5N monolayer as high-performance catalysts in Li–S batteries suppressing the shuttling effect with the active sites coming from both basal plane and edge.
State of the art developments and prospects of metal–organic frameworks for energy applications
Authors: Zeeshan Mohd , Shahid M.
Published: November 2021

The state of the art developments and future prospects of MOFs and their energy-based applications are summarized.
Concanavalin A: coordination diversity to xenobiotic metal ions and biological consequences
Authors: Jang Hara , Lee Chaemin , Hwang Yunha , Lee Seung Jae
Published: November 2021

Regulation of metal coordination in ConA induces its structural conformation and biological functions.
Amorphous NiCoB-coupled MAPbI3 for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Jiang Lanxuan , Guo Yanmei , Qi Shaopeng , Zhang Ke , Chen Jinxi , Lou Yongbing , Zhao Yixin
Published: November 2021

A stable and efficient NiCoB/MAPbI3 photocatalyst was synthesized via a facile ultrasonic electrostatic self-assembly method, which exhibited significantly improved photocatalytic HER activity and stability.
Fundamental studies on droplet throughput and the analysis of single cells using a downward-pointing ICP-time-of-flight mass spectrometer
Authors: Vonderach Thomas , Günther Detlef
Published: November 2021

A downward inductively coupled plasma (ICP) was coupled to a time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOFMS) and monodisperse microdroplets were used to study its capabilities and analyze single biological cells.
A multi-functional microfluidic device compatible with widefield and light sheet microscopy
Authors: Moore Regan P. , O'Shaughnessy Ellen C. , Shi Yu , Nogueira Ana T. , Heath Katelyn M. , Hahn Klaus M. , Legant Wesley R.
Published: November 2021

FEP-based microfluidics enable diverse applications in light sheet microscopy.
Effect of preparation conditions and Co–Pi groups as a noble metal-free redox mediator and hole extractor to boost the photoelectrochemical water oxidation for 1D nanorod α-Fe2O3
Authors: Qin Ai , Fang Wanqing , Lin Yimin , Xv Rongzi , Fu Li
Published: November 2021

Co–Pi groups have a double effect on the short nanorod α-Fe2O3 photoanode: accelerating the hole separation and improving the water oxidation kinetics.
Thin interfacial film spontaneously produces hydrogen peroxide: mechanism and application for perfluorooctanoic acid degradation
Authors: Wang Wenxin , Zhang Hong , Jiang Jie , He Yuwei , He Jing , Liu Junyu , Yu Kai , Liu Qianhui , Qiao Lina
Published: November 2021

We have unambiguously demonstrated spontaneous formation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in thin film formats by evaporating almost all the water and its effective for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) degradation without catalysts.
Trap-free exciton dynamics in monolayer WS2via oleic acid passivation
Authors: Lin Dabin , Ni Wenjun , Gurzadyan Gagik G. , Zhang Fangteng , Zhao Weiren , Ma Lin , Nie Zhaogang
Published: November 2021

Oleic acid treatment results in trap-free exciton dynamics and significantly slows down the exciton–exciton annihilation in monolayer WS2.
Metal–organic frameworks/polydopamine synergistic interface enhancement of carbon fiber/phenolic composites for promoting mechanical and tribological performances
Authors: Ma Shanshan , Li Hejun , Li Chang , Tian Haochen , Tao Meixia , Fei Jie , Qi Lehua
Published: November 2021

Multiscale MOFs/PDA-enhanced carbon fiber/phenolic composites with rigid–flexible structure.
A comprehensive study on the effect of backbone stereochemistry of a cyclic hexapeptide on membrane permeability and microsomal stability
Authors: Hosono Yuki , Morimoto Jumpei , Sando Shinsuke
Published: November 2021

The effect of backbone stereochemistry of a cyclic hexapeptide on membrane permeability and metabolic stability was comprehensively evaluated. Besides, the effect of side chain structures on the pharmacokinetic properties was investigated.
Correction: α-Diimine nickel complexes bearing axially bulky terphenyl and equatorially bulky dibenzobarrelene groups: synthesis, characterization and olefin polymerization studies
Authors: Wang Xiaohua , Dong Bo , Yang Qi , Liu Heng , Zhang Chunyu , Zhang Xuequan
Published: November 2021

Correction for ‘α-Diimine nickel complexes bearing axially bulky terphenyl and equatorially bulky dibenzobarrelene groups: synthesis, characterization and olefin polymerization studies’ by Xiaohua Wang et al., Polym. Chem., 2020, 11, 6783–6793, DOI: 10.1039/D0PY01152E.
Correction: Novel enzyme-functionalized covalent organic frameworks for the colorimetric sensing of glucose in body fluids and drinks
Authors: Yue Jie-Yu , Ding Xiu-Li , Wang Ling , Yang Run , Bi Jing-Shu , Song Ya-Wei , Yang Peng , Ma Yu , Tang Bo
Published: November 2021

Correction for ‘Novel enzyme-functionalized covalent organic frameworks for the colorimetric sensing of glucose in body fluids and drinks’ by Jie-Yu Yue et al., Mater. Chem. Front., 2021, 5, 3859–3866, DOI: 10.1039/D1QM00314C.
A core–brush 3D DNA nanostructure: the next generation of DNA nanomachine for ultrasensitive sensing and imaging of intracellular microRNA with rapid kinetics
Authors: Kong Lingqi , Kou Beibei , Zhang Xiaolong , Wang Ding , Yuan Yali , Zhuo Ying , Chai Yaqin , Yuan Ruo
Published: November 2021

This study designed a highly loaded and integrated core–brush 3D DNA nanomachine for miRNA imaging and sensing, which easily solves the major technical challenges of traditional Au-based 3D nanomachines: low loading capacity and low executive efficiency.
Dividing and setting strategy of improving calculation efficiency for needle electrode corona discharge with a large‐scale space
Authors: Li Dingchen , Li Chuan , Li Jiawei , Wang Pengyu , Liu Zhi , Yang Wendi , Zhang Ming , Yang Yong , Yu Kexun
Published: November 2021

Needle electrodes are widely used in the research of corona discharge. Aiming at the problem of needle electrode discharge in a large‐scale space (tens or even hundreds of centimetres), a hybrid model was proposed in the previous work. However, its indispensable multiple iterations result in huge computation and further limit its wide applications. Therefore, a strategy to improve the computing efficiency by setting initial values in different computational domains is put forward in this work. Three types of setting initial values (global constant, partition constant and partition exponent) are simulated and compared in detail. The calculation results show that the calculation efficiency can be increased by 1.4 times simply through setting initial values of charged particles as different constants for the divided subdomains, and further be improved by 4.3 times by setting those in the ionization region as an exponential distribution. The extension of the proposed strategy has also been discussed under various voltages, which shows that the results under other voltages can be quickly obtained based on the fitted coefficients under a specific voltage, and the improvement can reach up to 10 times. The accuracy of calculated results has been demonstrated by a needle‐plate electrode device with a vertical distance of 25 cm. This research provides an effective strategy for improving the computing efficiency of corona discharge in a large‐scale space, and implies the potential in optimizing the analyses of complex electrodes.
Continuum reverberation mapping of the quasar PG 2130+099
Authors: Fian C. , Chelouche D. , Kaspi S. , Sobrino Figaredo C. , Catalan S. , Lewis T.
Published: November 2021

Aims. We present the results of an intensive six-month optical continuum reverberation mapping campaign of the Seyfert 1 galaxy PG 2130+099 at redshift z = 0.063. The ground-based photometric monitoring was conducted on a daily basis with the robotic 46 cm telescope of the WISE observatory located in Israel. Specially designed narrowband filters were used to observe the central engine of the active galactic nucleus (AGN), avoiding line contamination from the broad-line region (BLR). We aim to measure inter-band continuum time lags across the optical range and determine the size-wavelength relation for this system.

Methods. We used two methods, the traditional point-spread function photometry and the recently developed proper image subtraction technique, to independently perform the extraction of the continuum light curves. The inter-band time lags are measured with several methods, including the interpolated cross-correlation function, the z-transformed discrete correlation function, a von Neumann estimator, JAVELIN (in spectroscopic mode), and MICA.

Results. PG 2130+099 displays correlated variability across the optical range, and we successfully detect significant time lags of up to ∼3 days between the multiband light curves. We find that the wavelength-dependent lags, τ(λ), generally follow the relation τ(λ)∝λ4/3, as expected for the temperature radial profile T ∝ R−3/4 of an optically thick, geometrically thin accretion disk. Despite that, the derived time lags can also be fitted by τ(λ)∝λ2, implying the possibility of a slim, rather than thin, accretion disk. Using the flux variation gradient method, we determined the AGN’s host-galaxy-subtracted rest frame 5100 Å luminosity at the time of our monitoring campaign with an uncertainty of ∼18% (λL5100 = (2.40 ± 0.42)×1044 erg s−1). While a continuum reprocessing model can fit the data reasonably well, our derived disk sizes are a factor of ∼2 − 6 larger than the theoretical disk sizes predicted from the AGN luminosity estimate of PG 2130+099. This result is in agreement with previous studies of AGN/quasars and suggests that the standard Shakura-Sunyaev disk theory has limitations in describing AGN accretion disks.
Formation age of the Rima Sharp sinuous rill on the Moon, source of the returned Chang’e-5 samples
Authors: Xu Luyuan , Qiao Le
Published: November 2021

Context.In December 2020, China’s Chang’e-5 spacecraft successfully returned 1731 g of lunar samples to Earth. Rima Sharp, one of the longest sinuous rilles on the Moon, lies very near (<20 km) to the Chang’e-5 sampling site and is very likely to be the source of the returned samples. Constraining its formation age would provide key references for the ongoing sample analyses.

Aims.Our intent is to obtain the accurate formation ages of Rima Sharp and related lunar rilles through crater population studies and to assess their implications for the Chang’e-5 sample analyses and interpretations.

Methods.We utilized two separate techniques to measure and analyze craters that were formed after the formation of the studied sinuous rilles: the conventional crater statistics for the rille floors and the buffered crater statistics that are specialized in the dating of narrow linear features. We were able to carefully compare the results derived from the two methods and estimate the formation ages of these rilles.

Results.We suggest that the buffered crater statistic method produces more reliable ages for the studies rilles than the conventional method. The formation sequence of sinuous rilles around the Chang’e-5 site is proposed as follows, in chronological order: Rimae Harpalus, Louville, Sharp, and Mairan. The basalt samples returned by Chang’e-5 are likely to have mainly been sourced from Rima Sharp, with an estimated age of ~1.7 Ga based on the craterN(1) value (spatial density of craters ±1 km in diameter) of (2.10 ± 0.20) × 10−3km−2and the new crater chronology function (CF). The other, younger rille, Rima Mairan, which was formed ~1.0 Ga (N(1) = (1.17 ± 0.20) × 10−3km−2and with the same CF), may also contribute to the basaltic deposits at the landing site. These crater count statistics and dating results can be coordinated with the radio-isotopic age of Chang’e-5 samples for a recalibration of lunar impact flux and the crater population dating method.
An experimental study for drying Pisum sativum on an electric dryer and a heat pump dryer
Authors: Phan Thanh Nhan , Tran Van Hung , Kaloyanov Nikola , Zlateva Merima
Published: November 2021

A study of drying parameters on the drying process of Pisum Sativum bean was carried out. The effects of drying temperature of moisture air from 40°C to 80°C on the drying time and on the drying kinetics were demonstrated not only on conventional electric dryers but also on heat pump dryers. Besides, checking the steady operation of the heat pump dryer was also considered. The results show that, when temperature rises, the shorter time and the faster removal of moisture content can be obtained for both dryer systems. Drying in an electric heater at 80°C took only 1 hour 45 minutes, but the broken skin of pea seeds happened. The comparison of heat pump dryer and electric dryer was presented with the shorter drying time on heat pump than electric dryer as a result of removing water vapor from moisture air at the evaporator of heat pump, it led to the reduction of specific humidity of air entering the drying chamber. And the last impressive result which can be seen is that the drying rate of a heat pump is higher than an electric dryer at the same drying temperatures beside the energy consumption of electric dryer is 2.76 times as much as that of heat pump dryer.
Air-to-water heat pump assessment: Part 2 – Exergetic and exergoeconomic analyses
Authors: Doseva Nadezhda , Chakyrova Daniela
Published: November 2021

This study is part 2 of the investigation on the exergetic and exergoeconomic parameters of an existing system with an air-to-water heat pump unit as a heat source. Part 1 presents the used experimental setup. The main aim of the conducted experimental tests is to develop models of produced heat rate and energetic COP at different ambient conditions. The obtained data is used in Part 2 of the study where the exergetinc and exergoeconomic assessment is carried out. The exergetic and exergoeconomic analysis was performed at dynamically changing ambient parameters. The considered operation modes of the air-to-water heat pump (AWHP) unit and backup heater (BUH) were evaluated based on Seasonal Exergetic Efficiency. For the exergoeconomic analysis, the SPECO method is used. Thus, this paper provides an exhaustive understanding of the exergy and exergoeconomic performance of the considered air-to-water heat pump system.
Influence evaluation of the ship propulsion system on the energy efficiency for small, medium and large container vessels
Authors: Nikiforov Viktor , Kostova Irina
Published: November 2021

The transportation of goods worldwide has a vital meaning for the entire of humanity. The seaborne transport is considered to be the most efficient – economically and environmentally friendly way to convey large amount of goods when compared to the other transport options available. Marine vessels contribute for the carriage of about 90 percent of the worldwide trade and a significant part of the goods delivered by sea are performed by container vessels. Even considered as the most efficient way of transportation the negative aspects of the shipping should not be neglected. The fuels intended for the ship propulsion generating enormous amounts of Greenhouse gases (GHG) and harmful emissions which are directly released into the atmosphere. When it comes to Energy Efficiency of the ships, the proper selection of the propulsion system and the fuel type used are essential with regard to achieve the best values. In the current paper a diverse alternative propulsion system options in order to achieve maximum Energy Efficiency on various sizes of container vessels will be analyzed.
Reduction of the Battery Capacity of Hybrid Electric Vehicle with the Help of Electrically Assisted Turbocharger
Authors: Mihaylov Milen , Stoyanov Ivaylo , Iliev Teodor
Published: November 2021

In this manuscript, the reduction of the battery capacity of a hybrid electric vehicle with the help of electrically assisted turbochargers was analyzed. Using the battery for vehicle propulsion and the options for its recharging, it could be concluded, that the most efficient way would be to use the battery energy for boosting mainly through eTurboTM and recharge the battery mainly with the traction motor in regenerative braking. Based on both steady-state and transient analysis it is clear, that for having the same dynamic HEV performance, the boosting with propulsion through ICE requires significantly less energy from the battery compared to the boosting through the traction motor. Therefore using the eTurboTM as boosting device can lead to reduce the battery capacity and reduce fuel consumption and emission of the vehicle.
Modularity design of the bamboo plastic fiber forming machine
Authors: Thanh Nam Nguyen , Hoang Hiep Nguyen
Published: November 2021

Currently, the research on the application of bamboo wood plastic fibers to 3D printing technology in Vietnam is limited. Almost all studies mainly focus on the application of natural polymers (wood, rubber, coir..) but ignore a rich natural polymer source, popular in Vietnam: bamboo. In addition, the quality of wood plastic fibers applied in 3D printing technology has not responded to the requirements of consumers. The durability of 3D printed parts that is based on wood plastic fibers is not high. Surface gloss of parts after implementation is still rough. During the 3D printing process of wood plastic fibers material, the nozzle is still always clogged due to the blockage of wood pulp. Therefore, the study of technology and equipment for the fabrication of bamboo wood fibers and research on the effect of technological parameters on the finished bamboo-wood-plastic fiber properties is necessary and should be urgently carried out. The paper proposes a new approach to structure modularization of the bamboo wood plastic fiber forming machine by using mostly standard parts, thus improving the quality and reducing the cost of the machine and bamboo wood plastic fiber material for the 3D printer.
Sprungtraining zur Rekonditionierung nach Beinverletzungen: Trainingsverlauf und -kriterien
Authors: Buckthorpe Matthew , Picinini Filippo , Della Villa Francesco
Published: November 2021

Nach einer Rekonstruktion des vorderen Kreuzbands wollen verletzte Sportler so schnell wie möglich wieder zurück auf den Platz. Die Autoren erklären, welche Rolle das Sprungtraining dabei spielt und was man beachten muss.
Die Datenqualität entscheidet: Von Technik zu Content
Authors: Ehrenburg Marcus
Published: November 2021

Geeignete Technik ist notwendig, aber nur ein Hilfsmittel zur Digitalisierung. Ohne korrekte Inhalte funktioniert jedoch keine Digitalisierungsstrategie. Belastbare Prozesse auf Basis fehlerhafter Daten sind undenkbar. Damit steht der Einkauf vor neuen Perspektiven und alten Herausforderungen.
Interimsmanagement: Management und (Re-)Organisation auf Zeit
Authors: Beer Veronika , Leuthold Jan
Published: November 2021

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