bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of the Methanol Conversion into Dimethyl Ether Obtained in the Process of Biomimetic Methane Monooxidation by Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Nahmatova Gulshan , Gasanova Latifa , Nagiev Tofig
Published: May 2024

The monooxidation of methane into methanol was carried out on biomimetic heterogeneous catalyst – iron pentafluorotetraphenylporphyrin on Al2O3 (ImtOH), at atmospheric pressure and temperatures of 200-350°C, which resulted in liquid one-carbon compounds CH3OH (19.2%), CH2O (1.55%), CH3OCH3 (8.2%) with high selectivity and are widely used in the chemical industry. In order to establish the routes of these products formation and the mechanism for the methane conversion into them, the investigation of the methanol conversion reaction was carried out, as an intermediate compound of the methane oxidation, under identical conditions on the same catalyst.The result was only dimethyl ether with 100% selectivity. This proved that in this reaction system, methanol obtained from the methane monooxidation is converted only into dimethyl ether, and formaldehyde, in parallel with methanol, is formed from methane. The mechanisms of the elementary stages of the formation of methanol, formaldehyde and dimethyl ether on the surface of the bioimitator through the formation of an active complex (ImtOOH) are presented, in which the unity of the mechanisms of redox and acid-base catalysis traced within the framework of the principle of the bond redistribution chain (BRC), similar to enzymatic reactions.
Effect of Ni-Doping on Seebeck Coefficient of LaCoO3 System
Authors: Echavarría Diego Mejía , Zapata Viancy Isaza , Muñoz Diego , Correa Hernando , Pineda Diego Ricardo , Izquierdo Jorge Luis
Published: May 2024

The aim of this study is discussing the results achieved on undoped and Ni-doped bulk LaCoO3 samples synthesized by solid-state reaction. The crystal structures of the samples were analyzed by x – ray diffraction (XRD) and Rietveld refinement of the XRD patterns was used to test the quality of the samples, the results of this procedure confirmed a single phase of LaCo1-xNixO3 for (x=0 and 0.05) with rhombohedral crystal structure (space group :). The main interest in this class of materials is the possibility of improving the values of Seebeck coefficient and electrical resistivity through chemical doping. The Seebeck coefficient and electrical resistivity were investigated from room temperature (RT) to 450 K, near RT the LaCoO3 system showed a large negative Seebeck coefficient, but it changed to positive value with increasing temperature while the LaCo0.95Ni0.05O3 composition showed a positive Seebeck coefficient throughout all the temperature range. Hence, within this study the Ni substitution led to decrease the electrical resistivity of the samples to one order of magnitude as a result of the partial substitution of Co3+ in LaCoO3 by Ni2+. LaCoO3 was chosen for this thermoelectric test because cobalt oxides have extensive applications.
Role of Nanotitania Ceramic Particulate Filler on Mechanical and Wear Behaviour of Dental Composite
Authors: Kumar Shiv Ranjan
Published: May 2024

Nanotitania is a well-acceptable material in biomedical applications due to its excellent biocompatibility. However, its other performances in terms of physical properties, mechanical properties and specific wear rate have been the keen interest of researchers. The study aims to modify dental composite formulation by adding nanotitania filler in different mass fractions and study to investigate its influence on physical and mechanical properties. A conventional monomer matrix consisting of Bisphenol A-Glycidyl methacrylate (BisGMA), Urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), Triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), Camphor Quinone (CO), Ethyl-4-dimethylaminobenzoate (EDMAB) was first added and modified with varying nanotitania filler fractions (0,0.5,1,1.5 wt. %). The performance of newly formulated composites was investigated in four major parameters like apparent porosity, hardness, compressive strength and specific wear rate. All tests are performed as per ISO4049 standard which are requirements for fabrication, characterization, direct/indirect restoration of dental composite, inlays, onlays, veneers, crowns and bridges. Specific wear rate was estimated using pin on disk tribometer under constant load of 20N. Due to its extremely hard and brittle nature, the micro-hardness and compressive strength of resin composite on adding 0.5 wt.-% of nanotitania filler fraction (DC0.5TiO2) were increased by 68% and 16% respectively. Using a pin on disc tribometer, a wear assessment has been performed and it was found that under constant wear parameters and distilled water environmental conditions, the specific wear rate was decreased by 26 % on adding 0.5 wt.-% mass fraction of nanotitania. Nanotitania indicated excellent performance based on mechanical and wear properties and hence, it can be suggested to use nanotitania as a novel filler of dental composite for the replacement of other non-biocompatible ceramic filler.
Preparation of Silane-Treated Eggshells Polyvinyl Chloride Films by Co-Precipitation: Effect of Vinyltrimethoxysilane Surface Treatment on the Tensile Properties
Authors: Kiryakova Dimitrina , Kolchakova Ganka
Published: May 2024

Waste eggshell powders with a particle size of less than 0.315 μm were surface treated with vinyltrimethoxysilane. XRD, FT-IR, BET and SEM analyses were used to determine the surface characteristics of eggshells before and after silane treatment. The preparation of films of unplasticized suspension polyvinyl chloride with untreated and silane-treated eggshells was done by co-precipitation of solutions from cyclohexanone. The tensile properties of obtained films containing vinyltrimethoxysilane-treated eggshell powders were investigated and analyzed relative to the compositions with untreated powders.
Modelling the Charpy Impact Ductile-Brittle Transition of a Ship Plate Steel with CAFE Modelling
Authors: Cuamatzi-Melendez Ruben , Juárez-López Fernando
Published: May 2024

In the present work, a cellular automata finite element model (CAFE) was developed to model the ductile-brittle transition of a Grade A ship plate steel. Therefore, ductile and brittle cellular automata (CA) arrays of cells were created in the model to integrate material data at microstructural level, along with the ductile and brittle fracture processes. Microstructural data was analysed with Weibull distributions and incorporated in CAFE model using random number generators, along with ductile and brittle fracture parameters. Ductile fracture was modelled with Rousselier damage model; hence damage model parameters were calibrated with experimental data. Brittle fracture was modelled with Beremin model, and four different cleavage particles, found in a Grade A ship plate steel, were incorporated in CAFE model in order to model a competition of particles nucleating microcracks of critical size in the damage regions of Impact Charpy tests and four-point double-notch bend tests performed at low temperature. The mechanical properties the plate steel was measured in the transition region and incorporated in CAFE model, along with ductile-brittle transition rules. The present CAFE model was able to simulate distributions of microcracks in the notch region of four-point double-notch bend models (in the transition region), which correlated with experimental data. CAFE model was also able to simulate microvoids in the notch region of Charpy specimens along with the load-displacement Charpy curve for room test temperature, with very good agreement with experimental data. Once CAFE model was validated at micro and structural level, it was applied to model the typical scatter of impact Charpy energy values in the transition region of Grade A ship plate steel with good agreement with the measured ductile-brittle transition curved of the plate steel. Keywords: cellular automata, finite element modelling, ductile-brittle transition, damage modelling.
Exploring the Electronic Topology and Binding Mechanism of Acetic Acid Adsorption on Nitrogen and Boron Co-Doped (5, 5) SWCNT
Authors: Pido Alvanh Alem G. , Rangaig Norodin A. , Munio Art Anthony Z. , Gabule Meriam A. , Janayon Rayno Vic B. , Liwagon Angel Lou , Janayon Mitchelle D. , Canata Johndell C. , Dulpina Caironesa P.
Published: May 2024

Chemical inertness of pristine carbon nanotubes (CNTs) poses challenges on their biocompatibility. In this paper, surface modification of pristine (5, 5) single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) was explored through substitutional Boron (B) and Nitrogen (N) doping forming a C38NB isomer. The electronic topology and binding mechanism of acetic acid adsorption on the isomer was then examined in the context of first-principles Density Functional Theory (DFT). Accordingly, high abundance of localized electrons between the substitutional doping sites indicates chemical binding of the substitutional atoms with the SWCNT. These are further supported by the calculated bond angles. When the acid was adsorbed on the C38NB isomer, spontaneous charge redistributions were observed which are attributed to the oxidation caused by the O atoms and the charge acceptance of the C atoms. Topological analyses revealed that the net charge transfers for all considered configurations were towards the acid. In addition, the Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO) and Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO) revealed the nonuniform distribution of electronic charges near the Fermi level. Finally, calculations of the electron localization function (ELF) showed that there was no orbital hybridization between the acid and the isomer. Further, the absence of localized electrons between their interaction points implied a physical binding mechanism. The results of the study could be used for future opto-electronic experiments and electrochemical biosensing applications of CNTs.
Normal values of electrocardiogram among healthy young adult African population
Authors: Ogedengbe John Onimisi , Onaadepo Olufunke , Okwuogori Joy Kafomdi , Chori Babangida , Bara Adamu Dahiru , Woyike Henry , Akor Alexander Agada , Odili Augustine Nonso
Published: May 2024

Background:

The study aimed at establishing the normal value of electrocardiographic parameters in healthy young African population, in sub-Saharan Africa, using digital electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings and comparing between males and females.

Methods:

The study population included 656 healthy young adults from the ages of 15–40 years, undergraduate students, made up of 357 females and 299 males. The study took place in the Department of Human Physiology Laboratory of our University. The 12-lead ECGs were recorded and read using a validated computer program. Various parameters were recorded and the 2nd and 98th percentiles were taken as the normal range of the study population.

Results:

Findings from our study show some differences from studies made in the same region using manual methods of ECG readings and compared to studies done in other races. The 2nd percentile, median, and 98th percentile of the studied parameters were as follows: PR interval was 102 ms, 140 ms, and 196 ms, respectively, in females and 104 ms, 144 ms, and 202 ms, respectively, in males. P-wave duration was 76 ms, 100 ms, and 126 ms in females and 62 ms, 98 ms, and 130 ms in males, respectively. We found the QTc (Bazett) to be 371 ms, 420 ms, and 467 ms in females and 344 ms, 389 ms, and 442 ms in males, respectively. Frontal QRS axis was − 6°, 53°, and 113° in females and − 11°, 57°, and 108° in males; frontal T axis was − 8°, 36°, and 141° in females and − 127°, 48°, and 75° in males; and QRS-T angle was 8°, 43°, and 115° in females and 25°, 84°, and 153° in males, respectively.

Conclusion:

This study provided reference values for healthy young Sub-Saharan African population using digital 12-lead ECG. It will serve as a reference for what is normal in our race and also prognosticate and monitor those that are predisposed to developing some cardiovascular diseases in the future.
Constipation and colonoscopy
Authors: Popovic Dusan Dj , Filipovic Branka
Published: May 2024

Constipation is a significant sociomedical problem, which can be caused by various reasons. In the diagnostic approach to patients with constipation, the following data are usually sufficient: history, complete physical examination (including rectal examination), and additional diagnostic tests. A colonoscopy is not a necessary diagnostic method for all patients with constipation. However, if patients have alarm symptoms/signs, that suggest an organic reason for constipation, a colonoscopy is necessary. The most important alarm symptoms/ signs are age > 50 years, gastrointestinal bleeding, new-onset constipation, a palpable mass in the abdomen and rectum, weight loss, anemia, inflammatory bowel disease, and family history positive for colorectal cancer. Most endoscopists do not like to deal with patients with constipation. There are two reasons for this, namely the difficulty of endoscopy and the adequacy of preparation. Both are adversely affected by constipation. To improve the quality of colonoscopy in these patients, good examination techniques and often more extensive preparation are necessary. Good colonoscopy technique implies adequate psychological preparation of the patient, careful insertion of the endoscope with minimal insufflation, and early detection and resolution of loops. Bowel preparation for colonoscopy often requires prolonged preparation and sometimes the addition of other laxatives.
Quality of Essential Medicines from Different Sources in Enugu and Anambra, Nigeria
Authors: Gabel Julia , Lächele Micha , Sander Katharina , Gnegel Gesa , Sunny-Abarikwu Nkiru , Ohazulike Rita Ezinwanne , Ngene Juliet , Chioke Jane Frances , Häfele-Abah Christine , Heide Lutz
Published: May 2024

This study investigated the quality of 13 essential medicines in the states of Enugu and Anambra, Nigeria. A total of 260 samples were purchased from licensed pharmaceutical manufacturers and wholesalers and from vendors in pharmaceutical markets with unclear licensing status. Samples were analyzed for identity, content, and dissolution according to the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) 42 monographs. Forty-five samples of this study could be examined for authenticity with the Mobile Authentication Service scheme of the Nigerian National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control. Out of all samples, 25.4% did not comply with the USP 42 specifications. Strikingly, 21 out of 22 dexamethasone tablet samples (95%) were out of specification (OOS). Nine out of 19 glibenclamide samples (47%) failed dissolution testing, and 7 out of 17 cotrimoxazole samples (41%) failed assay testing. Medicines against noncommunicable diseases showed a slightly higher percentage of OOS samples than anti-infectives (21.2% versus 17.6%). The rates of OOS samples were similar in medicines stated to be produced in Nigeria, India, and China but were very different between individual manufacturers from each of these countries of origin. Therefore, prequalification of products, manufacturers, and suppliers are very important for quality assurance in medicine procurement. Unexpectedly, the total proportions of OOS samples were similar from licensed vendors (25.2%) and from markets (25.5%). Four samples (1.5%), all collected in markets, were clearly falsified and did not contain the declared active pharmaceutical ingredients. The proportion of falsified medicines was found to be lower than frequently reported in the media for Nigeria.
Paediatric trauma related with electric micro-mobility devices (review)
Authors: Kotsiubynska Yulia Z. , Kozan Natalia M. , Voloshynovych Volodymyr M. , Zelenchuk Galina M. , Chadiuk Valeriia O.
Published: May 2024

It is known that micro-mobility has a positive impact by reducing congestion and emissions. However, with the increase in traffic of these vehicles, the number of related collisions and accidents has increased, and the number of injured and killed people, including children, has risen accordingly. The purpose of the review study was to conduct a comprehensive study of several issues related to the safety of using electric micro-mobility devices for both adults and children through a systematic literature review; to determine the forensic aspects of injuries to operators of electric micro-mobility devices and pedestrians, and to investigate the mechanism of injury. A systematic, thematic bibliographic review was used to conduct this review study. The Scopus database was chosen as the main portal for searching for publications (www.scopus.com). At the same time, a limited search in the Google Scholar database was used for original queries. The article highlights the aspects related to the safety of using electric micro-mobility devices for children and adults, the peculiarities of injuries, the statistical correlation between the frequency of injuries and the use of basic protective equipment, and the characteristic types of injuries for specific micro-mobility devices. Despite all the work done, its results are mostly statistical and do not provide a holistic view of the mechanism of injury and forensic assessment of the consequences of injury. There is also an open issue related to the study of the peculiarities of injuries to operators and pedestrians, and the establishment of differential trauma criteria specific to operators and pedestrians.
A Glass of Cognac in Cognac: On the Relationship Between Similar-sounding Proper Names and Common Nouns
Authors: Leino Unni
Published: May 2024

The nature of properhood is one of the fundamental questions in onomastics. Nouns are traditionally categorised as either proper names or common nouns, but a word can change from one category to another. In recent times, properhood has been explained in terms of pragmatics so that a lexeme can function as a proper name in one context and a common noun in another. Related to this, the relationship between proprial reference and appellative meaning has been problematised in various ways over time. Traditionally, onomasticians have tended to consider proper names to be without meaning as such, so that a similar-sounding proper name and common noun are seen as homonyms. Some textbooks go even further and claim that each instance of a proper name – such as Mary referring to different individuals – is a different name. Relaxing the categorical divide between pragmatics and semantics makes it possible not only to define properhood in terms of the pragmatic use of the lexeme but also to study the various changes between the appellative sense and onymic reference, or between etymologically connected onymic references, with theoretical tools already used for more mainstream semantic change.
New Onomastic Terms: Textual Criterion of Necessity
Authors: Vasilyeva Nataliya
Published: May 2024

The article discusses a method for evaluating new onomastic terms, which includes two stages: the pre-textual stage and the textual one. The problem of textual criterion for assessing the need for new terms in onomastics is posed for the first time. To deal with it, the author turns to text linguistics and the theory of terminology and to the texts in which the term appears for the first time (the so-called terminology-generating texts) and offers the following parameters for evaluation: a) the distribution of terminology units in the text structure (in separate parts or passim); b) the presence of an explicative context for the term (definitions, etymon); c) the role of a new terminological unit in text cohesion (the presence of derivatives, hyper-hyponymic structures, recurrent chains). From these positions, specific terminological cases (viconym, hortensionym, trapezonym, restauronym, trophonym) are analyzed in texts written by onomasticians from Belarus and Russia. It is concluded that the compliance of the term with the textual evaluation criteria implies its transition from the status of a new term to the status of a commonly used one and, therefore, provides conditions for its terminographic fixation. At the same time, the aesthetic factor is still considered when evaluating a new term.
Censorship and Hunger: The Role of Names
Authors: Saracco Caterina
Published: May 2024

This paper is devoted to the analysis the of personal names contained in Die Umschreibungen des Begriffes „Hunger“ im Italienischen: stilistisch-onomasiologische Studie auf Grund von unveröffentlichtem Zensurmaterial. This text was published in 1920 by Leo Spitzer, an Austrian romance philologist who worked, during the First World War, as a censor at the Central Office of the Postal Censorship of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. In his account, Spitzer reports the different linguistic strategies that Italian prisoners in Austria used in their letters to express the concept of hunger to their relatives in Italy. Among the many linguistic substitutes, a particular place is occupied by the personal names that prisoners used to name hunger. In this article I describe the different types of names that Italian prisoners used as euphemisms for the concepts of hunger and fasting in their letters. I will also show that these anthroponyms are connected to the aforementioned concepts by means of metaphorical or metonymic shifts or thanks to the encyclopedic knowledge of the soldiers. After a brief introduction to Spitzer’s work and to the types of euphemisms (linguistic or extra-linguistic), the analysis focuses on a few types of names: names that recall the physical conditions of prisoners, names related to music, names of saints and names of animals.
A Touch of Chinese Culture in the Czech Public Space: Chinese Restaurant Names in Prague
Authors: Slaměníková Tereza
Published: May 2024

Chinese food is a cultural export product consumed almost all over the world. The reason for this is, among other things, the fact that Chinese restaurants are among the leading businesses run by the Chinese abroad. Generally speaking, all foreign restaurants can be seen as sources of new concepts entering the host country. These are not limited to regional food preparation traditions, but also include such issues as ideas transmitted through the restaurant names. This is because name givers often tend to emphasize the different origins of their establishment by using an eloquent name. This paper examines the current naming practices of Chinese restaurants in the capital of the Czech Republic. It aims to identify the most common culturally based concepts shared with the host country through the restaurant names. The findings indicate that Chinese cultural values often inspire restaurant names. The choice of linguistic codes, however, often keeps them hidden from the local consumers. Despite this, restaurants tend to use clear indications which enable consumers to identify them as establishments that offer cuisine of Chinese origin. These include highly informative generic components in Czech or English and Chinese versions of the names provided in the specific writing system. On the whole, the most essential feature of the restaurant names seems to be a strong tendency for multilingual combinations.
Exploring Non-Regular Extensions of Propositional Dynamic Logic with Description-Logics Features
Authors: Bednarczyk Bartosz
Published: May 2024

We investigate the impact of non-regular path expressions on the decidability
of satisfiability checking and querying in description logics extending ALC.
Our primary objects of interest are ALCreg and ALCvpl, the extensions of with
path expressions employing, respectively, regular and visibly-pushdown
languages. The first one, ALCreg, is a notational variant of the well-known
Propositional Dynamic Logic of Fischer and Ladner. The second one, ALCvpl, was
introduced and investigated by Loding and Serre in 2007. The logic ALCvpl
generalises many known decidable non-regular extensions of ALCreg.
We provide a series of undecidability results. First, we show that
decidability of the concept satisfiability problem for ALCvpl is lost upon
adding the seemingly innocent Self operator. Second, we establish
undecidability for the concept satisfiability problem for ALCvpl extended with
nominals. Interestingly, our undecidability proof relies only on one single
non-regular (visibly-pushdown) language, namely on r#s# := { r^n s^n | n in N }
for fixed role names r and s. Finally, in contrast to the classical database
setting, we establish undecidability of query entailment for queries involving
non-regular atoms from r#s#, already in the case of ALC-TBoxes.
Scrotal Abscess Following Emergency Laparotomy in a Preterm Infant
Authors: Jeong Ju Seob , Kim Ga Eun , Kim Chun Soo , Ha Ji Yong , Byun Jun Chul
Published: May 2024

We report one rare case of scrotal abscess following an emergency laparotomy in a preterm infant. A male infant was born by cesarean section due to twin pregnancy at 34 weeks of gestation. He underwent emergency laparotomy for pneumoperitoneum caused by a gastric perforation. At 10 days after the surgery, he presented with bilateral scrotal swelling and ill-defined infiltrating lesions in both testicles. Ultrasound confirmed both patent processus vaginalis. Scrotal incision revealed a yellow mass attaching to both testicles, which was finally diagnosed as abscesses. This case highlights the importance of considering scrotal abscess as a potential complication following intestinal perforation and postoperative intraperitoneal infections in newborn infants.
Acute Suppurative Appendicitis Following Screening Colonoscopy
Authors: Park Myeongsoon , Choi Jongik
Published: May 2024

There has been a significant increase in the number of colonoscopies being performed worldwide. Moreover, post-colonoscopy appendicitis is a rare phenomenon, with limited clarity about its pathogenesis. Herein, we discuss the case of 41-year-old female patient, who underwent forceps biopsy polypectomy and cold snare polypectomy during a colonoscopy for a routine check-up. However, 6 h later she experienced episodes of lower abdominal pain and vomiting, subsequently diagnosed as acute appendicitis upon revisit. The patient afterwards underwent laparoscopic appendectomy in the general surgery department. There is a significant lack of knowledge regarding the mechanism of occurrence and predisposing factors associated with post-colonoscopy acute appendicitis; however, if a patient exhibits clear symptoms and a typical course of pain, active exploration for appendicitis can be considered, even shortly after undergoing colonoscopy.
Research on Lifelong Learning Tendencies of University Students
Authors: Kirbas Abdulkadir , Bulut Mesut
Published: May 2024

The lifelong learning strategy is one of the most significant strategies suggested for bringing up modern persons in the appropriate circumstances. This study attempts to identify, in terms of several characteristics, the lifelong learning tendencies of the Turkish language, literature, and Turkish teacher candidates. 297 students studying Turkish Language and Literature as well as Turkish Teacher Certification at a university in the east of Turkey make up the study's sample in the survey model. The Lifelong Learning Tendency Scale (Gür Erdoan Arsan, 2016) was used to gather the research's data. The information gathered throughout the study was analyzed using four distinct methods, including frequency, percentage, t-test for independent groups, and Kruskal Wallis H test. The statistical software package SPSS for Windows 22.00 was used to analyze the data. The study's findings revealed that, when it comes to gender-related factors, female teacher candidates had stronger lifelong learning tendencies than male teacher candidates. It was discovered that teacher candidates who read books frequently—every day, every other day, and once a week—had better propensities for lifetime learning than those who read books just once a month. It was found that teacher candidates with stronger dispositions toward lifelong learning studied scientific/academic, personal development, adventure, novel/story, and literary genres. Additionally, it was discovered through the research that there was no significant difference in the lifelong learning tendencies of teacher candidates about factors like age, the department or major of science they studied in college, the grade level they studied in, family income level, the education levels of their mothers and fathers, and preferred reading model. In general, it was found that teacher applicants scored extremely well on the lifelong learning tendencies scale when it came to their responses regarding their degrees of willingness to learn and grow over time.
First Year Students’ Perceptions of the Transition to University: The Role of Informational, Instrumental, and Emotional Support
Authors: Stokoe Mehak , Nordstokke David , Wilcox Gabrielle
Published: May 2024

As students transition from high school to university, they must navigate new academic learning environments, develop new social networks, manage multiple new responsibilities, explore and regulate independence, and deal with the stressors that they will encounter. Successful transitioning to university often involves sources of support as well as internal resources. The current study aimed to understand supports and challenges of first year undergraduate students in their transition to university. A total of 66 first year undergraduate students participated in this study. Participants answered four open-ended questions about supports and personal factors during their transition to university. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis and codes were systematically generated across the dataset. Themes were identified once coding was complete. The four themes that emerged were informational, instrumental, and emotional supports, and internal resources. Students transitioning to university may benefit from transition programs and resilience modeling to facilitate a successful transition.
Fostering Peer Evaluation and Cognitive, Affective, and Psychomotor (CAP) Domains in School Level Science Education: A Critical Reflection on the STEAM Approach
Authors: Limbu Sudarsan
Published: May 2024

In this study, the implementation of a STEAM project was critically examined, with constructivist grounded principles utilized to inform the perspective of both a learner and a STEAM practitioner. A comprehensive project plan was devised that incorporated CAP domains through the integration of the STEAM praxis with peer and self-assessment strategies for school-level science education. This innovative approach, aimed at nurturing the aesthetic value in arts and the evaluation process, led to the creation of a unique methodology for assessing students’ cognitive and psychomotor skills. The framework for accessing students’ peer/self-evaluation via meticulously designed rubrics is further highlighted. The implementation of a project plan proved to be an interactive and insightful process, fostering a profound understanding of students’ concerns and interests. This study underscores the transformative potential of the STEAM approach in educational settings, highlighting its role in promoting critical thinking, creativity, and problem-solving skills among students.
Delivering Effective Student Feedback in Higher Education: An Evaluation of the Challenges and Best Practice
Authors: Williams Andrew
Published: May 2024

Effective student feedback can have a significant influence on student motivation, learning and performance. However, feedback practices can be difficult to implement, thereby inhibiting the potential of feedback for student learning. Despite numerous attempts to improve the quality of feedback and student feedback literacy, difficulties persist, including disparate perceptions and expectations between teachers and students, while consistency, effectiveness and timeliness are often cited as areas requiring improvement. This review evaluates the key challenges faced by tutors in delivering student feedback and examines several approaches to delivering more effective student feedback. These include the principle of feedforward, a modified praise, question and revise (PQR) system referred to as the WWW system, directive versus facilitative feedback, dialogue as feedback, peer review, formative versus summative, constructive alignment and the use of digital and AI technologies. These approaches are evaluated in the context of effective feedback processes that influence student motivation, engagement, self-reflective learning and performance. These feedback approaches are further discussed in relation to the challenges faced by teachers and students in contemporary higher education, highlighting areas where further research may be needed.
Synchronous Zoom Classroom Learning and Face-to-Face Classroom Learning: Undergraduates’ Perceptions
Authors: Sritharan Thambithurai , Ragel Victoria Rosanna , Sritharan Sutha
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to explore the undergraduates’ attitudes and perceptions towards the use of synchronous zoom classroom for learning, and the effect of individual differences on the perceptions of zoom learning. Data were collected via online structured questionnaire from a total of 379 undergraduate students, who utilized a hybrid mode for learning, at purposively selected two state universities. The findings explored that undergraduates did not overwhelmingly support or oppose the utilization of zoom platform for learning. Multi-group analysis revealed that: male undergraduates were more receptive to use zoom classroom for learning, and perceived more beneficial aspects associated with zoom classroom compared to female undergraduates; further, undergraduates in the final academic year had the preference for zoom learning whereas those in the first academic year did not show a definite inclination either in favour or against the use of zoom for learning; moreover, significant differences were observed over the preferences on learning through both zoom and face-to-face regarding theoretical and mathematical subjects where learning of theoretical subject was supported by zoom and learning of mathematical subject were not showed a definite inclination either in favour or against the use of zoom. These findings clearly demonstrate that there is a possibility to take forward the teaching and learning through a hybrid mode which integrates both online mode and traditional face-to-face mode. This research provides insights for educational policy makers and university administrators to incorporate a hybrid learning mode for effective learning and solution for the highly demanded physical infrastructure facilities in the universities.
Enhancing Elementary Students' Knowledge and Attitudes about STEM through a Student-Led STEM Fest
Authors: Eggington Kalani , Goodman Andrew , Ruggles Krista
Published: May 2024

Nationwide, low numbers of students are entering STEM-related fields. This is especially true for underrepresented populations and students from rural areas where access to STEM enrichment programs is limited. This qualitative study researched the impact of Micro STEM Fests on 1st to 5th grade students and investigated participating teachers’ attitudes toward STEM. The Micro STEM Fest kits used for this study include ten engineering and technology challenges. 5th graders studied and practiced these challenges and then led a Micro Stem Fest for 1st to 4th grade students. Survey and interview data were gathered from participating students and teachers in a rural district. Data was analyzed by grade levels and two themes were identified. Firstly, STEM knowledge was built through handling of materials, engaging in the engineering design process, and enjoying the challenge posed by the concept or activity. Secondly, positive attitudes towards STEM were developed because of their participation, evidenced by students’ desire for harder challenges, and expressed enjoyment of autonomous creativity with STEM activities. This paper briefly reviews the literature, describes the methodology, defines and discusses the findings, and makes recommendations for future research.
Exploring the Message: Weimar Republic’s Ban on Anderes Als Die Andern Advocacy for Homosexual Relations
Authors: Gonzalez Michael
Published: May 2024

This study dives into the complicated historical and cultural conditions behind the censorship of Richard Oswald's seminal 1919 silent picture, "Anders Als Die Andern," during the Weimar Republic. In the aftermath of World War I, Germany's Weimar Republic emerged as a hub for artistic and cultural innovation, but it also struggled with economic insecurity, political upheaval, and societal biases. In 1920, the film, a bold investigation of homosexuality, was censored under Section 175 of the German penal code, which criminalized male-to-male relationships. This study looks into the intertwined impacts of politics, societal standards, and medical perspectives that led to the film's censorship, as well as the broader consequences for the queer community and the long-term impact on German queer rights. The research draws on prior studies, particularly Ervin Malakaj's work on gay cinema mourning, to incorporate the Weimar Republic's broader sociopolitical and medical environment. This research intends to provide a thorough picture of the queer community's problems throughout this important period by weaving together legal, medical, political, and societal elements, demonstrating their tenacity in the face of legal, medical, societal, and political obstacles. The legacy of discriminatory laws, particularly Paragraph 175, shaped the landscape of male-to-male relationships in following periods of German history, underlining the continuous need for knowledge, empathy, and activism for queer rights. "Anders Als Die Andern" is a historical document that reflects the struggles of the queer community, with its explicit engagement with medical ideas placing it as an enduring artifact. The impact of the film on queer representation, its role as a cinematic advocacy tool, and the lasting legacy of discriminatory laws highlight the need of remembering and correcting historical injustices in order to promote inclusivity, equality, and justice in modern society.
Fashion of Soviet Women
Authors: Aguilar Jasmin Aguilar
Published: May 2024

Historical research on women from Soviet Russia and how fashion had impacted their way of living.
Etika Bisnis Islam: Pendekatan Siklus Ekonomi dan Praktik Bisnis Syariah dalam Ekspansi Waralaba Industri Retail
Authors: Rosyidah Eva , Rofiah Khusniati
Published: May 2024

In this era of globalization, franchise expansion has become one of the main strategies for the growth of the retail industry. However, in a business context governed by Islamic principles, the concept of business ethics becomes increasingly relevant. This article explores the role of Islamic Business Ethics in the context of franchise expansion in the retail industry, with a focus on economic cycles and sharia business practices. Through a literature review, this article describes how Islamic business ethical values can direct franchise expansion steps, manage risks in fluctuating economic cycles, and implement sharia business practices that are in accordance with Islamic principles. This research discusses the implications of Islamic business ethics in strengthening the foundations of sustainability and long-term success for the retail industry which focuses on the principles of justice, social responsibility and economic balance. The research results show that the application of Islamic business ethics in franchise expansion in the retail industry can improve business performance, strengthen consumer trust, and promote business sustainability. This research highlights the importance of understanding and applying the principles of Islamic business ethics in the context of modern business, especially in the retail industry.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning pada Pembelajaran Matematika di Kelas 2 Tabligh SD Muhammadiyah Pakel
Authors: Permatasari Andhini , Sukma Hanum Hanifa , Hartanto Rudi
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik dengan mengimplementasikan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) pada pembelajaran Matematika di kelas 2 tabligh SD Muhammadiyah Pakel. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas sebagaimana penelitian ini  akan dioperasionalkan pada dua siklus. Di tiap-tiap siklusnya, tersusun atas tahapan perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian dari penelitian ini ialah peserta didik kelas 2 tabligh SD Muhammadiyah Pakel yang berjumlah 27 peserta didik terdiri dari 14 peserta didik laki-laki dan 13 peserta didik perempuan. Pengumpulan data dari  penelitian ini  dilakukan melalui tes, berikut dengan dokumentasi. Berikutnya, data dianalisis secara kuantitatif. Adapun standar keberhasilan dari penelitian ini  ialah minimum 75% peserta didik mencapai Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM) yaitu 78. Proses meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik dengan mengimplemenasikan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) pada pembelajaran Matematika di kelas 2 tabligh SD Muhammadiyah Pakel melewati sejumlah fase mulai dari melakukan orientasi masalah, membagi peserta didik dalam kelompok, membimbing investigasi dari kelompok, berikut dengan memamerkan hasil karya, serta evaluasinya. Pada riset ini sudah tervalidasi bahwasannya model pembelajaran PBL pada mapel Matematika bisa meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik peserta didik kelas 2 tabligh SD Muhammadiyah Pakel. Hal tersebut bisa diperhatikan dari meningkatnya hasil tes yang diberikan oleh peneliti. Pada tahap pra siklus terdapat 44,4% tuntas dengan rerata kelas 72,2 kemudian pada siklus I meningkat persentase peserta didik tuntas meningkat 7,5% menjadi 51,9% dengan rerata kelas 76,3 dan pada siklus II meningkat 25,9% menjadi 77,8% peserta
Machine Learning-assisted Distance Based Residual Energy Aware Clustering Algorithm for Energy Efficient Information Dissemination in Urban VANETs
Authors: Choksi Amit , Shah Mehul
Published: May 2024

A Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is an essential component of intelligent transportation systems in the building of smart cities. A VANET is a self-configure high mobile and dynamic potential wireless ad-hoc network that joins all vehicle nodes in a smart city to provide in-vehicle infotainment services to city administrators and residents. In the smart city, the On-board Unit (OBU) of each vehicle has multiple onboard sensors that are used for data collection from the surrounding environment. One of the main issues in VANET is energy efficiency and balance because the small onboard sensors can’t be quickly recharged once installed on On-board Units (OBUs). Moreover, conserving energy stands out as a crucial challenge in VANET which is primarily contingent on the selection of Cluster Heads (CH) and the adopted packet routing strategy. To address this issue, this paper proposes distance and energy-aware clustering algorithms named SOMNNDP, which use a Self-Organizing Map Neural Network (SOMNN) machine learning technique to perform faster multi-hop data dissemination. Individual Euclidean distances and residual node energy are considered as mobility parameters throughout the cluster routing process to improve and balance the energy consumption among the participating vehicle nodes. This maximizes the lifetime of VANET by ensuring that all intermediate vehicle nodes use energy at approximately the same rate. Simulation findings demonstrate that SOMNNDP improves Quality of Service (QoS) better and consumes 17% and 14% less energy during cluster routing than distance and energy-aware variation of K-Means (KM) and Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) called KMDP and FCMDP respectively.
High Utility Itemset Extraction using PSO with Online Control Parameter Calibration
Authors: K LOGESWARAN , S SURESH , S SAVITHA , S ANANDAMURUGAN
Published: May 2024

This study investigates the use of evolutionary computation for mining high-value patterns from benchmark datasets. The approach employs a fitness function to assess the usefulness of each pattern. However, the effectiveness of evolutionary algorithms heavily relies on the chosen strategy parameters during execution. Conventional methods set these parameters arbitrarily, often leading to suboptimal solutions. To address this limitation, the research proposes a method for dynamically adjusting strategy parameters using temporal difference approaches, a machine learning technique called Reinforcement Learning (RL). Specifically, the proposed IPSO RLON algorithm utilizes SARSA learning to intelligently adapt the Crossover Rate and Mutation Rate within the Practical Swarm Optimization Algorithm. This allows IPSO RLON to effectively mine high-utility itemsets from the data.The key benefit of IPSO RLON lies in its adaptive control parameters. This enables it to discover optimal high-utility itemsets when applied to various benchmark datasets. To assess its performance, IPSO RLON is compared to existing approaches like HUPEUMU-GRAM, HUIM-BPSO, IGA RLOFF, and IPSO RLOFF using metrics like execution time, convergence speed, and the percentage of high-utility itemsets mined. From the evaluation it is observed that the proposed IPSO RLON perfroms better than the other methodology.
Deep Learning based Semantic Segmentation for Buildings Detection from Remote Sensing Images
Authors: Patel Miral , Koringa Hasmukh
Published: May 2024

Building extraction from remote sensing images is the process of automatically identifying and extracting the boundaries of buildings from high-resolution aerial or satellite images. The extracted building footprints can be used for a variety of applications, such as urban planning, disaster management, city development, land management, environmental monitoring, and 3D modeling. The results of building extraction from remote sensing images depend on several factors, such as the quality and resolution of the image and the choice of algorithm.The process of building extraction from remote sensing images typically involves a series of steps, including image pre-processing, feature extraction, and classification. Building extraction from remote sensing images can be challenging due to factors such as varying building sizes and shapes, shadows, and occlusions. However, recent advances in deep learning and computer vision techniques have led to significant improvements in the accuracy and efficiency of building extraction methods. This research presents a deep learning semantic segmentation architecture-based model for developing building detection from high resolution remote sensing images. The open-source Massachusetts dataset is used to train the suggested UNet architecture. The model is optimized using the RMSProp algorithm with a learning rate of 0.0001 for 100 epochs. After 1.52 hours of training on Google Colab the model achieved an 83.55% F1 score, which indicates strong precision and recall.
Frecuencia sintomatológica de ansiedad y depresión en alumnos de enfermería Universidad Privada Huancayo Franklin Roosevelt-2023
Authors: De la Calle Castro Indira Anahi , Vila Roca Jhesenia Lorena , Miguel De La Cruz Daive Niels , Valdez Alvarado Cris Ceci
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia sintomatológica de ansiedad y depresión en alumnos de enfermería de la Universidad Privada de Huancayo Franklin Roosevelt -2023. Material y Métodos: El método de esta investigación será el científico que consiste en un método de investigación usado principalmente. El diseño de investigación no experimental descriptivo simple y de corte transversal, el tipo de investigación, de acuerdo a la finalidad realizada será básica, el nivel de Investigación será descriptivo. Resultados: Los resultados muestran que el 51% de los estudiantes de la escuela profesional de Enfermería la frecuencia sintomatológica fue de ansiedad leve y un 44% no tiene ansiedad así mismo en el 41% de los estudiantes hay una prevalencia sintomatológica de depresión leve y un 59% no tiene depresión. Conclusión: los alumnos de la Escuela Profesional de Enfermería de la Universidad Privada de Huancayo Franklin Roosevelt se ha observado estadísticamente que hay presencia de ansiedad y depresión leve en nuestros alumnos.