bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zatrzymanie prokuratorskie – przesłanki stosowania
Authors:   Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego w Katowicach, Polska, Nowak Andrzej
Published: September 2021

The article discusses the provision of Art. 247 § 1 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, concerning the detention and compulsory transportation of a suspect or suspects, focusing on its guarantee character, which it acquired after the Constitutional Tribunal judgment of 5 February 2008. The paper presents controversies related to the interpretation of the prerequisites for the application of this institution and the influence of the previous procedural attitude of a suspect or suspected person on the possibility to apply the transportation.
Kwestia small claims w arbitrażu handlowym w prawie polskim
Authors:   Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie, Polska, Ryszkowski Karol
Published: September 2021

One of the important features of arbitration is its speed. A question should be asked as to whether there is a legitimate need for separate regulation of small claims in commercial arbitration proceedings in Polish law, in particular, due to its more informal character and greater discretion of arbitrators, and if so, one ought to ask about the location of the regulation of this institution. Small claims have fundamental importance for commercial arbitration proceedings because they guarantee the implementation of speed in arbitration.
Zakaz dowodowy przesłuchania mediatora w postępowaniu cywilnym, administracyjnym i karnym. Elementy wspólne i różnicujące (uwagi na tle art. 183 4 § 2 k.p.c., art. 83 § 4 k.p.a. oraz art. 178a k.p.k.)
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Sowiński Piotr Krzysztof
Published: September 2021

This article concerns mediation secret and ways to protect it in civil, administrative and criminal proceedings. Although all these procedures belong to one legal order they are characterized by independence and separate legal solutions. Common elements and differentiating them solutions were indicated in this text. Both were analyzed subjective and objective scope of the injunction on evidence contained in Art. 183 4 § 2 Code of Civil Procedure, Art. 96 § 2 Code of Administrative Procedure and Art. 178a Code of Criminal Procedure.
Środki obrony pozwanego przed nakazem zapłaty jako tytułem zabezpieczenia
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Kajmowicz Katarzyna
Published: September 2021

The payment order in the writ proceedings is also a security title. In this case, the court does not issue a separate procedural decision, which excludes the possibility of appealing the security by the defendant. It is a regulation favorable to the claimant and results in effective protection of the claimed claim. On the other hand, the question arises as to the defendant's defenses against an order for payment as security, which is the subject of the consideration.
Europeizacja procesu cywilnego jako środek prowadzący ku jego przyspieszeniu – rozważania wokół europejskiego postępowania w sprawach drobnych roszczeń w kontekście unormowań proceduralnych stanu epidemii
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Kuźma Tomasz
Published: September 2021

The article concerns the considerations of the solutions derived from the European Small Claims Procedure, which were reflected in the amendment to the Code of Civil Procedure of 4 July 2019 and gained importance in connection with the epidemic related to the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Article discuss issues related to the closed sessions, written testimony, electronic correspondence and conducting a hearing with the use of remote communication means.
Dowody osobiste w Polsce
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Łaskawski Grzegorz
Published: September 2021

An identity card is a document that confirms identity and certifies Polish citizenship. It’s essence also includes a number of other functions that are fulfilled. Every polish citizen has the right to have an ID card, and in certain legal cases, there is the duty to have it. The ID card is constantly changing due to a quick modifications of the administration to complement it’s new needs.
Modelos logísticos estocásticos: una revisión de la literatura
Authors: Martínez-Bernal Javier , Cuervo-Cruz Ricardo Andrés , Orjuela-Castro Javier Arturo
Published: September 2021

El presente artículo se realiza con el objetivo de establecer el estado del arte de los modelos de localización, inventario y ruteo con parámetros estocásticos. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura en las bases de datos ScienceDirect, ScholarGoogle, SpringerLink, Scopus, SemanticScholar, Scielo y ResearchGate. A través de preguntas orientadoras, se seleccionaron 99 artículos, de los cuales el 74% es literatura reciente entre 2015 y 2019.  Se clasificaron los modelos individuales logísticos estocásticos, se propuso una taxonomía con un enfoque de investigación de operaciones, a partir de sus características, parámetros, restricciones, funciones objetivo y métodos de solución utilizados. Asimismo, se identificaron las tendencias y las futuras líneas de investigación. Como conclusión se identifican nuevas estrategias y políticas operativas que permiten mejorar el desempeño de la cadena de suministro, igualmente la ausencia de métodos de solución eficientes ha sido evidente en grandes instancias, según la vida real.
Violencia epistémica y racismo estructural. ¿Puede hacer ciencia el subalterno?
Authors: Rosas-Guevara Martha Isabel , Casanova Andrea Carolina
Published: September 2021

El presente artículo analiza de manera crítica cómo la racionalidad eurocéntrica se autoerigió en la única forma válida de producción de conocimiento científico; subvalorando múltiples saberes, representaciones e imaginarios locales. El texto aborda cómo la subjetividad moderna construyó la otredad de los sectores periféricos en términos de inferioridad epistémica, indagando si las representaciones actuales sobre la otredad negra, realmente constituyen un cambio paradigmático en la forma de abordar la diferencia, o si corresponden a una continuación eufemística del legado colonial. En la elaboración del artículo se acudió al método genealógico, como una apuesta política y académica que propende por la elaboración de una narrativa historiográfica para desentrañar de manera situada, la forma en que los discursos oficiales fueronmoldeando las subjetividades que hoy se enmarcan dentro de la afrocolombianidad como categoría identitaria. En este sentido, retoma algunas críticas esgrimidas por sectores intelectuales afiliados a los estudios post-coloniales, los estudios de la subalternidad, la colonialidad del poder, y los feminismos contra-hegemónicos, se reflexiona sobre la posibilidad de entablar un diálogo realmente intercultural entre los diversos saberes, que a la postre permita a sectores históricamente excluidos -específicamente afrocolombianos-, producir y divulgar un conocimiento científico.
Driblando a violência através do esporte: tensões na abordagem de gênero com jovens de um projeto social
Authors: Pelluso Juliana , Cecchetto Fátima , Ribeiro Fernanda Mendes Lages
Published: September 2021

Resumo Este artigo tem por objetivo descrever e analisar, à luz da pedagogia freireana, algumas tensões identificadas na abordagem das questões de gênero e violência por um projeto social no Rio de Janeiro. Ao longo da pesquisa de campo, verificou-se a dificuldade de aprofundamento dos temas, centrais à proposta, identificando-se um descompasso entre o formato de educação “bancária” adotado pela instituição responsável e a característica problematizadora e libertadora da abordagem teoricamente proposta sobre equidade de gênero e construção de masculinidades não violentas e mais inclusivas.
Associação ecológica entre fatores socioeconômicos, ocupacionais e de saneamento e a ocorrência de escorpionismo no Brasil, 2007-2019
Authors: Almeida Ana Caroline Caldas de , Mise Yukari Figueroa , Carvalho Fernando Martins , Silva Rejâne Maria Lira da
Published: September 2021

Resumo Objetivo Analisar associação ecológica entre características socioeconômicas, ocupacionais e de infraestrutura/saneamento com escorpionismo no Brasil. Métodos Estudo ecológico, com dados dos acidentes escorpiônicos notificados no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (2007-2019). Empregou-se regressão binomial negativa para estimar razões de taxas de incidência (RTI) e intervalos de confiança (IC95%). Resultados No período, ocorreram 1.079.333 acidentes, com incidência acumulada de 41,5/100 mil habitantes. Na análise ajustada, houve associação com percentual municipal de mulheres (RTI=1,65 - IC95% 1,18;2,30) e homens (RTI=0,90 - IC95% 0,88;0,91) na construção civil, mulheres (RTI=1,21 - IC95% 1,18;1,25) e homens (RTI=0,73 - IC95% 0,69;0,77) no serviço doméstico, mulheres (RTI=1,03 - IC95% 1,02;1,04) e homens (RTI=0,93 - IC95% 0,92;0,93) na agropecuária, domicílios com lixo coletado (RTI=0,99 - IC95% 0,98;0,99) e lixo no entorno (RTI=1,02 - IC95% 1,01;1,02), expectativa de anos de estudo (RTI=0,88 - IC95% 0,83;0,92) e taxa de desocupação (RTI=1,07 - IC95% 1,05;1,09). Conclusão O escorpionismo associou-se a precária infraestrutura/saneamento, oferta de emprego, educação e ocupação feminina.
Influence of Trust and Attachment Transfer to Platform and Host for the Formation of Guest’s Continuous Airbnb Usage Intention
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Um Tae-Hyee , Koo Chul-Mo , Chung Nam-Ho
Published: September 2021

As the accommodation sharing industry grows, the role of guests and hosts participating in transactions with the Airbnb platform is also increasing. However, researches about the guests’ perception of Airbnb and the impact of host interaction with guest is lacking. Using the trust-transfer theory and attachment theory, this study examined how the interaction of host with guest make impact on the intention of guest's continuous use of Airbnb. We conducted a survey with 228 guests who have used Airbnb. The hypotheses were tested using structural equation modelling. It was found that guest interaction with host had a positive effect on trust in Airbnb and trust in the host. Trust in Airbnb and trust in the host had a positive effect on Airbnb attachment and host attachment, respectively. Finally, Airbnb attachment and host attachment had a positive effect on continuance intention. Also, it was found that trust in Airbnb can be transferred to trust in the host, and host attachment was found to stimulate Airbnb attachment. This study identifies the trust and attachment formed by the interaction with guest, and the continuance intention. Theoretically, our study contributes to expand trust-transfer and attachment theory by applying the home-sharing economy. Practically, practitioners of platform businesses and accommodation sharing industry participants can refer to our empirical results.
Carga y presión tributaria. Un estudio del efecto en la liquidez, rentabilidad e inversión de los contribuyentes en Ecuador
Authors: Quispe Fernandez Gabith Miriam , Ayaviri Nina Dante
Published: September 2021

Las altas tasas y diferentes impuestos determinan la recaudación tributaria en los diferentes ciclos económicos de las economías; en ese contexto, la investigación analiza el efecto de la carga y presión tributaria en la liquidez, rentabilidad e inversión de los contribuyentes en la provincia de Chimborazo, Ecuador durante la pandemia de Covid-19 y su relación con el ciclo económico. Contempla el método inductivo y un nivel causal-explicativo, la recolección de datos fue a través de un cuestionario a una muestra de 307 contribuyentes de una población total efectiva de 39 503, donde el índice de Alfa de Cronbach es de 89.9 %. La selección de elementos muestrales fue en el marco del muestreo probabilístico aleatorio simple considerando como base de datos los contribuyentes del Servicio de Rentas Internas; el análisis de datos se realizó con el modelo de regresión logística multinomial y lineal. Los resultados muestran que una alta carga impositiva afecta significativamente en la liquidez, rentabilidad e inversión de los contribuyentes, y que las modificaciones de las tasas y el tipo de impuestos producen incrementos y reducciones en los ingresos, utilidades e inversiones. Se concluye que la presencia de un factor externo como el Covid-19 profundiza significativamente el efecto negativo en los ingresos y resultados financieros de la empresa y en futuras inversiones. Existe una relación directa entre el ciclo económico y las recaudaciones tributarias.
Evaluación de las competencias genéricas del comportamiento emprendedor
Authors: Quezada Mirna Elizabeth , Vega-Valero Cynthia Zaira , Nava-Quiroz Carlos
Published: September 2021

El emprendimiento como fenómeno social ha interesado a la psicología para su estudio, uno de sus enfoques es el comportamiento emprendedor abordado desde las competencias, entre estas las genéricas/transversales. Sin embargo, un área de oportunidad en la literatura es la evaluación de competencias por sus características fundamentales de comportamientos observables y demostrables a través de la experiencia. El objetivo de este estudio fue diseñar y probar las propiedades psicométricas de un instrumento de medición de competencias genéricas del comportamiento emprendedor. El estudio fue transversal e instrumental con una muestra no aleatoria de 142 participantes. El instrumento se basó en un modelo de tres categorías de competencias genéricas (personal, interpersonal, funcional), así como en la lógica de una entrevista conductual y escala conductual; se compuso de 14 reactivos con cuatro gradientes de desempeño en donde el participante debía responder con base en su experiencia. El Análisis Factorial Exploratorio arrojó una estructura de tres dimensiones congruentes teóricamente que explican el 53.8 % de la varianza acumulada. Los coeficientes Alpha de Cronbach (α) y Omega de McDonald (ω) mostraron consistencia interna adecuada superior a .80. No se detectó invarianza configural, métrica o estructural entre personas que han abierto o no negocios. Se concluye que el instrumento cuenta con las propiedades psicométricas adecuadas para seguirse probando en emprendedores de negocios entre otros contextos de emprendimiento desde la perspectiva comportamental orientada hacia las competencias.
El impacto de redes de colaboración en la innovación tecnológica en empresas
Authors: Del Carpio-Gallegos Javier , Miralles Francesc
Published: September 2021

Las empresas manufactureras latinoamericanas deben desarrollar innovaciones para ser competitivas. Por ello, esta investigación tiene dos objetivos: primero, analizar cómo se relacionan las conexiones con clientes, proveedores, competidores e institutos de investigación con la capacidad de absorción, y, segundo, demostrar la relación existente entre la capacidad de absorción y la innovación tecnológica. Se desarrolló un modelo teórico para mostrar la relación entre las variables, a las cuales se les aplicó el método de ecuaciones estructurales, utilizando el software AMOS, a una muestra de 1098 empresas manufactureras peruanas que participaron en la segunda encuesta nacional de innovación realizada en 2015. Este estudio contribuye a la literatura sobre cómo las empresas se relacionan con las redes de colaboración para mejorar la capacidad de innovación, de esta manera obtienen conocimiento aplicando el enfoque de innovación abierta entrante, este conocimiento procesado a través de la capacidad de absorción de la empresa mejorará su capacidad de innovación. Las empresas manufactureras de intensidad tecnológica baja o media-baja realizan inversiones en maquinaria, hardware y software y tienen más capacidad para realizar innovaciones de productos y procesos. Las innovaciones en producto permiten a las empresas mantener o incrementar su posición en el mercado o tener clientes más satisfechos, al tiempo que realizan innovaciones en los procesos para reducir sus costos operativos o ser más eficientes.
УРЕГУЛИРОВАНИЕ ДОМЕННЫХ СПОРОВ: ПОЛЕЗНЫЙ ОПЫТ ВОИС ДЛЯ РОССИИ
Authors: Sergo Anton Gennadyevich
Published: September 2021

Последнее время доменным именам уделяется все больше внимания в научных работах и судебной практике. Очевидная скудность правового регулирования этого объекта вынуждает обращаться к иностранному опыту, фрагментарно заимствуя его в теории и судебной практике. Однако такой подход не дает видения целостной картины международных систем урегулирования доменных споров, большая часть которых успешно работает вот уже более 20 лет без какого-либо государственного участия.
НАУЧНЫЕ ХРОНИКИ
Authors: Yakimovskaya Natalia Leonidovna
Published: September 2021

Научные хроники 2021
ONLINE TEACHING IN LOCKDOWN: ANALYSIS OF THE USAGE BEHAVIOUR OF COLLABORATIVE TOOLS BY STUDENTS AND TEACHERS IN THE CONTEXT OF HIGHER EDUCATION AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION
Authors:   University of Applied Sciences Dresden (FHD), Germany, Görl-Rottstädt D , Heinrich-Zehm M ,   University of Applied Sciences Dresden (FHD), Germany, Arnold M ,   University of Applied Sciences Dresden (FHD), Germany, Köhler M ,   University of Applied Sciences Dresden (FHD), Germany, Hähnlein V ,   Catholic University of Applied Sciences Berlin (KHSB), Germany
Published: September 2021

Due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, many changes can be observed in almost all life situations, perhaps most notably, in the educational sector. In this context, concepts of learning counselling must be given more attention. This research contribution examines the question of how collaborative online tools to support the teaching-learning processes in higher education and vocational schools can be utilized. The aim is to improve the existing learning environment. For this purpose, the frequency of the usage of tools such as tests and forums on an open-source online learning platform ILIAS™ was analysed and discussed. In addition, the Adobe Connect™ web meeting software to be used in online teaching scenarios was also included in our investigation to explore the exchange of participants via discussion forums or virtual classrooms. The research team carried out an online sampling survey of ILIAS™ users at one university and five vocational schools in Germany in June 2020. The survey included these measures: Single answers, multiple answers, questions of scale, and free text questions. The response rate at the university was 25.10 % and at the vocational schools 17.2%. The data were evaluated with the help of descriptive statistics to determine frequency distributions and mean value calculations. This contribution will lead to a discussion regarding the continued disclosure of the learning potentials about a useful combination of both tools ILIAS™ and Adobe Connect™. The results shown suggest that the development towards virtual teaching scenarios, which has become a necessity under the forced conditions of the lockdowns, has a tremendous effect on teaching and learning processes in terms of didactics tailored to different target groups and needs in and outside the classroom. Keywords: Learning Consulting, Collaborative Learning, ILIAS™, Adobe Connect™
VIDEO LAB REPORTS USING TikTok APPLICATION FOR INORGANIC CHEMISTRY CLASS AT THE FLEXIBLE DIGITAL MODEL FDM AT PREPATEC MORELIA
Authors:   ITESM Campus Morelia , México, Audiffred_Hinojosa A
Published: September 2021

At PrepaTec Morelia, the subject of inorganic chemistry is taught at the third semester of High School, five days a week in 50-minute sessions. Last year we had 129 students’ ages between 16 and 17 years distributed in 4 groups taking the class. Due to the contingency of Covid-19, the class was redesigned to adapt to the virtual model. As part of the class in the face-to-face model, several laboratory practices related to the topics of the course are carried out and the idea was to redesign them as well to the virtual model. Therefore, it was thought of activities that promote the interest of the students so that they develop scientific competencies using technology; after reading the article on the use of TikTok in the classroom, it was decided to use this tool. The idea was to find two fun activities for the students to do at home and to comply with showing a chemical phenomenon and instead of making a written report they were asked to make a video using the TikTok app so that the students would present the conclusions and explanation of these observed phenomena. The two activities that were chosen were: Intermolecular Forces: Magic Trick and Hot Ice with sodium bicarbonate, At the end of the activity the results of the satisfaction survey with grades of 4.76 were obtained with a standard deviation of 0.28 and students seem to be more motivated by doing a video report rather than filling a document with the lab results. Keywords: Tiktok, Chemistry, Labs, Virtual Education, Educational Innovation, Higher Education
Effect of the percentage of Bos taurus inheritance on the fertility of Holstein×Zebu and Brown Swiss×Zebu crossbred cows in the Mexican tropics
Authors: Ríos-Utrera Ángel , Zárate-Martínez Juan P , Vega-Murillo Vicente E , Enríquez-Quiroz Javier F , Montero-Lagunes Maribel , Barradas-Piña Francisco T , Valdovinos-Terán Martha E
Published: September 2021

Background: No dairy breed or crossbreed has superior overall performance in all environments; therefore, it is necessary to determine which crossbreed is the most suitable for the Mexican tropic and what proportion of European breed is optimum for reproduction. Objective: To assess the effect of the proportion of Bos taurus (Bt) genes on reproductive performance of Holstein×Zebu (HZ) and Brown Swiss×Zebu (BZ) cows, and compare reproductive performance of these genotypes in a dual-purpose production system. Methods: Cows were maintained in a rotational grazing system on African star grass (Cynodon plectostachyus) in Veracruz, Mexico. Cows were milked twice daily. Calves were kept tied to the side of their dams while the cows were milked. Results: The percentage of Bt genes did not affect (p>0.05) fertility traits (age at first calving, days to first service after calving, services per conception, conception rate at first service, days open until conception, gestation length, and calving interval) of BZ cows. In contrast, HZ cows with less than 75% Holstein (H) genes were 0.3 years younger (p<0.05) at first calving and had 39.8 fewer days open (p<0.05) than HZ cows with 75% H genes or more. In addition, the calving interval of HZ cows with less than 75% H genes was 44.8 days shorter (p<0.05) than that of HZ cows with 75% H genes or more. The HZ cows had five fewer days pregnant and were 22.8 kg heavier at calving (p<0.05) than BZ cows. Conclusions: The effect of the percentage of Bt genes on cow fertility depends on the dairy breed used. In general, BZ and HZ cows present similar reproductive performance.
El reto de la psicoterapia de los trastornos de la personalidad en drogodependientes
Authors: Martínez González José Miguel
Published: September 2021

Este artículo de reflexión propone un análisis que permita profundizar en el reto que supone el tratamiento de la drogodependencia en pacientes con trastornos de la personalidad. Se conoce cada vez mejor la especificidad de variables que influyen significativamente en el tratamiento de estos pacientes. Variables como el craving, estrategias de afrontamiento, autoeficacia, creencias nucleares relacionadas con el consumo, calidad de vida, autoengaño o motivación, tienen gran repercusión en su evolución y resultado. La especificidad del tratamiento en estos casos exige prestar especial atención al modo en que se comportan estas variables en comparación con lo que sucede cuando el paciente no presenta esta psicopatología comórbida.
Podemos afirmar, con los datos de los que disponemos en la actualidad, que los drogodependientes con trastorno de la personalidad pueden beneficiarse del tratamiento tanto como lo hacen aquellos sin comorbilidad, cuando se llevan a cabo intervenciones sustentadas en componentes esenciales bien definidos, adaptados a esta comorbilidad psicopatológica y durante el tiempo necesario.
ON COOPERATIVE GAME APPROACH TO PROFIT SHARING IN A FEW PROJECTS MANAGEMENT PROBLEM
Authors: Boyko N. , Dotsenko S.
Published: September 2021

The article is consider three different mechanisms of project’s profit sharing, assuming that the projects have common resource pool and both resources and profit may be distributed at arbitrary way without losses. The resources and profit distribution mechanisms are based on cooperative game theory thesis. As three different alternatives, such cooperative game solutions, as Shapley value, nucleolus ant τ-value are proposed. The calculation routine is delivered by easy typical example.
THE OPTIMAL CONTROL PROBLEM FOR ONE-DIMENSIONAL NONLINEAR SHRODINGER EQUATIONS WITH A SPECIAL GRADIENT TERM
Authors: Yagub G. , Ibrahimov N. S. , Zengin M.
Published: September 2021

In this paper we consider the optimal control problem for a one-dimensional nonlinear Schrodinger equation with a special gradient term and with a complex coefficient in the nonlinear part, when the quality criterion is a final functional and the controls are quadratically summable functions. In this case, the questions of the correctness of the formulation and the necessary condition for solving the optimal control problem under consideration are investigated. The existence and uniqueness theorem for the solution is proved and a necessary condition is established in the form of a variational inequality. Along with these, a formula is found for the gradient of the considered quality criterion.
A CRITERION FOR THE UNIQUE SOLVABILITY OF THE POINCARE SPECTRAL PROBLEM IN A CYLINDRICAL DOMAIN FOR ONE CLASS OF MULTIDIMENSIONAL ELLIPTIC EQUATIONS
Authors: Aldashev S. A.
Published: September 2021

Two-dimensional spectral problems for elliptic equations are well studied, and their multidimensional analogs, as far as the author knows, are little studied. This is due to the fact that in the case of three or more independent variables there are difficulties of a fundamental nature, since the method of singular integral equations, which is very attractive and convenient, used for two-dimensional problems, cannot be used here because of the lack of any complete theory of multidimensional singular integral equations. The theory of multidimensional spherical functions, on the contrary, has been adequately and fully studied. In the cylindrical domain of Euclidean space, for a single class of multidimensional elliptic equations, the spectral Poincare problem. The solution is sought in the form of an expansion in multidimensional spherical functions. The existence and uniqueness theorems of the solution are proved. Conditions for unique solvability of the problem are obtained, which essentially depend on the height of the cylinder.
A Monumental Horse Burial in the Armenian Highlands
Authors:   Zinman Institute of Archaeology, University of Haifa, Nachmias A. , Bar-Oz G. ,   Zinman Institute of Archaeology, University of Haifa, Nadel D. ,   Zinman Institute of Archaeology, University of Haifa, Petrosyan L. ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, Gasparyan B. ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia
Published: September 2021

В статье рассматривается редчайшая находка — полный скелет взрослого жеребца с бронзовым кольцом в пасти, находившийся в ритуальном погребении — каменной гробнице диаметром 15 м — на могильнике Агавнатун на южных склонах г. Арагац, которая обрамляет с севера Араратскую долину в Республике Армении. Могильный курган имеет округлую форму; останки лошади находились in situ во внутреннем овальном строении. В статье приводится подробное описание захоронения. Большое внимание уделяется данным тафономического исследования костей, а также морфометрических наблюдений. Приводится оценка возраста животного. По результатам прямого 14С-датирования возраст скелета 2 130 ± 20 л.н. Морфологические характеристики коня, его высокий рост и стройные ноги позволяют предположить, что это была крупная особь, похожая на лошадей вымершей нисейской породы, которая ранее была известна в основном по литературным и изобразительным источникам. Наличие металлического кольца в пасти коня позволяет предположить, что он был племенным жеребцом. Полученные в ходе исследования уникальные археозоологические данные расширяют представления о роли лошади в парфянском и эллинистическом мире и об огромной социальной значимости разведения лошадей на Армянском нагорье в прошлом.
Traces of the Dahaean and Sarmatian Cultural Legacy in Ancient Turan and Old Rus
Authors:   National University of Uzbekistan, Suleimanov R. H.
Published: September 2021

Статья посвящена анализу миграции дахов и сармат — двух родственных народностей из числа ранних кочевников Восточной Европы и Средней Азии — на юг и запад от территории, которая была их родиной. Автор ставит задачу проследить по археологическим комплексам и сооружениям, письменным и фольклорным материалам дахов и сармат пути их продвижения на протяжении многих веков до периода распространения ислама в Центральной Азии и христианства на Руси. Особое внимание уделяется погребальным сооружениям, храмам и крестообразным в плане культовым святыням мигрантов и их наследников. Подробно рассматривается крупная миграция дахов в конце III — начале II в. до н.э. из низовий Сырдарьи на юг, оказавшая большое влияние на этно- и культурогенез населения Средней Азии. Это движение было направлено на захват земель ослабленных наследников Александра. Отмечены признаки культуры дахов в градостроительстве и архитектуре, погребальном обряде, вооружении и др. на всей захваченной ими территории. Обсуждается миграция наследников дахов в лице носителей каунчинской и отрарской культур под флагом гуннов в ходе Великого переселения народов из бассейна Сырдарьи на юг. Носители каунчинской культуры двигаются в оазисы Самарканда и Кеши, отрарской культуры — в Бухарский оазис, джетыасарской культуры — в Каршинский оазис. Прослежено, что крест в планировке культовых сооружений превращается в восьмилепестковую розетку, но погребальный обряд не меняется (всюду отмечены остатки погребений и зола кострищ). Выявляются реликты скифо-сарматского наследия в культуре Древней Руси. Отмечено, что культовые сооружения, посвященные Перуну, представляли собой крестообразные или восьмилепестковые в плане валы и рвы, заполненные кострищами с остатками жертвоприношений животных, в их центре возвышался идол главы древнеславянского пантеона. Ранние капища Перуна в Киеве и Ходосовичах были крестовидные, более поздние (вдоль рек Збруч и Волхов) — восьмичастные. Сделан вывод о связи этих следов обрядов с культурой сармат и дахов, принявших участие в формировании народов Древней Руси и Турана.
From the Serbian Fair to the Russian Museum: On the Ethnographic Relevance of the Gingerbread Collection from 1902
Authors:   Russian Museum of Ethnography, Mikhaylova A. A.
Published: September 2021

Статья посвящена изучению коллекции фигурных сербских пряников из собрания Российского этнографического музея. Одна из основных задач исследования — поиск ответа на вопрос о значении этих изделий как культурного феномена. В работе приводятся сведения об истории появления коллекции, ее месте в собрании музея. Содержание коллекции анализируется методом его сопоставления с данными этнографической литературы и известными по другим источникам архаическими формами подобных объектов. Прослеживается связь между древней традицией изготовления обрядового хлеба у земледельческих народов и пряничничеством как товарно-ремесленным явлением. В рамках музеологического и источниковедческого дискурса с позиций культурно-антропологического подхода ставится вопрос о том, насколько замена разрушенных оригиналов гипсовыми моделями позволяет сохранить информационный потенциал и этнографическую ценность коллекции. Особое внимание уделяется проблеме интерпретации культурного наследия в контексте утверждения национальной идентичности в молодых балканских странах — Словении, Хорватии и Сербии. В качестве дискуссионного поднимается вопрос о том, может ли продукция ремесла, распространенного одновременно у нескольких народов, выполнять этнически маркирующую функцию, а также затрагивается остро встающая перед всеми этнографическими музеями в условиях глобализирующегося мира проблема перспектив комплектования музейных фондов предметами, отражающими современный этап развития народной культуры. Сделаны выводы о глубокой символичности этнографического наследия конца XIX — начала XX в. в этнических реалиях XXI в. и о его компонентно-образующей роли в процессе утверждения новых национальных идентичностей.
Tungus-Manchu Traditional Beliefs. Part 1: Fertility Cult and Images of Divine Ancestresses
Authors:   Russian Museum of Ethnography, Sem T. Y.
Published: September 2021

В статье рассматриваются традиционные верования тунгусо-маньчжурских народов на основе системно-герменевтического и сравнительного анализа культа плодородия. Изучены отдельные его аспекты, связанные с образами богинь-прародительниц, родового древа жизни, культом домашнего очага, родовой линией предков, представлениями о душе. Впервые исследуется комплекс представлений о культе плодородия и богинь-прародительниц как взаимосвязанная целостность. Анализ материала показал, что образы богинь-прародительниц сохранились в мифологии, ритуалах, семейно-родовой культовой практике, родильной обрядности, шаманизме, игровой культуре и декоративно-прикладном искусстве. Они имели отношение к культу домашнего очага, огня, образу родового древа душ или древа жизни, творению мира, шаманизму в лечебной и инициальной сфере. Сделан вывод о том, что культ плодородия у тунгусо-маньчжурских этносов представляет собой единую систему взаимосвязанных верований, раскрывающих их ментальные особенности. Они характеризуют архетипические ценности культуры, этнокультурную специфику и взаимовлияния с другими народами.
Urbanization Processes in the Indigenous Population of the Altai Republic: Stages, Factors, Prospects
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chemchieva A. P.
Published: September 2021

Статья посвящена выявлению особенностей урбанизации алтайского населения и определению основных трендов ее развития в период 1926-2020 гг. Внимание акцентировано на количественных показателях (рост городских поселений и городского населения). Рассмотрены пути формирования городской поселенческой сети в Горном Алтае. Установлено, что единственный город, развивающийся как административный центр, обладает агломерационным потенциалом роста и продолжает аккумулировать сельское население. Показано, что возникшие в советский период городские поселки не имели для коренного населения миграционной привлекательности. Выделены три этапа урбанизации алтайского населения: 1926-1950-е гг., 19601980-е гг. и с 1990 г. по настоящее время. Раскрыто, что на протяжении всего рассматриваемого периода урбанизационный процесс шел экстенсивным путем за счет сельской миграции. На первом этапе она происходила под превалирующим воздействием политического фактора (политика коллективизации на селе), на втором была обусловлена комплексом социокультурных (привлекательность городских условий жизни), экономических (высокий доход и разнообразие мест трудоустройства в городе) и политических (политика ликвидации «неперспективных» деревень) факторов, на третьем — преимущественно экономическим (социально-экономический кризис). В работе сделан вывод о том, что резервы экстенсивного развития урбанизации коренного населения Горного Алтая еще не исчерпаны. В перспективе наиболее привлекательным городом для переезда останется столица региона и ее пригородная зона, но будет нарастать тенденция миграции в другие российские города. Прогнозируется, что в будущем возрастет роль интенсивных факторов урбанизации коренного населения.
A Digital X-Ray Analysis of Middle Bronze Age Skeletal Samples from the Baraba Forest-Steppe
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Marchenko Z. V. , Kishkurno M. S. ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Grishin A. E. ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Reinhold S. ,   German Archaeological Institute, Berlin, Germany, Zhuravkov F. V. ,   Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Hospital, Novosibirsk, Russia
Published: September 2021

Представлены результаты сравнительного комплексного исследования патологического развития костной и зубной систем у индивидов из погребений позднекротовской и андроновской (федоровской) культур эпохи развитой бронзы на юге Западной Сибири. Этот период характеризуется расширением ареала носителей степных традиций андроновской историко-культурной общности в Северной и Центральной Азии, в т.ч. в лесостепь. Изучены изменения внутренней структуры костной ткани на большеберцовых костях (линии Гарриса) и зубные патологии (гипоплазия эмали, кариес). Для фиксации нарушений нормального развития костной ткани использовалось цифровое рентгенографическое оборудование. В выборку включены представители разных половозрастных групп обеих культур из материалов крупнейшего некрополя региона Тартас-1 (Барабинская лесостепь). Линии Гарриса и гипоплазия эмали возникают под действием широкого спектра факторов (инфекционные болезни, периодическое голодание, травмы, авитаминоз и пр.). Кариес отражает увеличение в рационе углеводной составляющей и общий низкий уровень гигиены полости рта. Время формирования каждой из этих патологий различно, что позволяет предполагать неблагоприятные факторы, влияющие на развитие человека в детский, подростковый (линии Гарриса и гипопалазия) и взрослый (кариес) периоды жизни. Выявлены различия в частотах и сочетаниях патологий у представителей позднекротовской и андроновской популяций. В андроновской выборке ниже частота гипоплазии, что указывает на меньшую долю стресса в детском возрасте, а в позднекротовской — линий Гарриса, что может свидетельствовать о низком уровне стресса в подростковый период. Статистические различия в проявлении анализируемых патологий у обеих групп предварительно связываются с различными моделями хозяйственно-культурной адаптации.
Dysmenorrhea and endometriosis in teenage girls (review)
Authors: Unanyan Ara L. , Pivazyan Laura G. , Avetisyan Dzhulietta S. , Siordiya Archil A. , Ishchenko Anatoliy I.
Published: September 2021

Most adolescents experience discomfort during menstruation. Usually, girls are diagnosed with primary dysmenorrhea in the early reproductive period and respond well to symptomatic treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory or hormonal drugs. If first-line therapy does not improve the symptoms of dysmenorrhea, transabdominal ultrasonography is indicated. Most often, these patients are diagnosed with endometriosis, which is the main cause of secondary dysmenorrhea in adolescents. Endometriosis should be assumed in patients with persistent, clinically pronounced dysmenorrhea that does not respond to treatment with hormonal drugs and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, especially if no other cause of chronic pelvic pain or secondary dysmenorrhea is detected on the basis of history, physical examination, and ultrasonography of pelvic organs. The aim of the therapy is to relieve symptoms, suppress disease progression, and protect future fertility.
Comparison of prenatal functional markers of retardation of fetal growth and delayed fetal development with expression of vascular growth factors in the placenta
Authors: Dyusembinova Sholpan D. , Pavlova Nataliya G. , Klikunova Kseniya A.
Published: September 2021

AIM: The study aimed to investigate and compare Doppler metric indicators in the main arteries of the functional system of the mother, placenta, and fetus as well as the parameters of the activityrest cycle in fetuses with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and placenta growth factor (PlGF) in the presence of physiological pregnancy and placental insufficiency to analyze morphofunctional parallels between these indicators in the third trimester of pregnancy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-nine women on the 3435 weeks of pregnancy (period of physiological maturity of the activityrest cycle in the fetus) were screened. The main group consisted of 19 patients. The inclusion criteria were as follows: single-fetal pregnancy, fetometric indicators below the 10th percentile, and presence of blood flow disorders in the main vessels of the motherplacentafetus functional system. The comparison group included 10 relatively healthy women. The criteria for inclusion in the comparison group were as follows: single-fetal physiological pregnancy, fetometric indicators above the 10th percentile, and absence of Doppler disorders of placental blood flow. Fetometry and Doppler studies of the placental blood flow in the main arteries of the functional system of the mother, placenta, fetus were performed using the Voluson 730 Expert ultrasound device (GE, USA). The activityrest cycle in the fetus was evaluated using Sonicaid Team Care fetal monitor (Oxford, UK). Placental tissue was taken from the central placental area for immunohistochemical analysis of VEGF and PlGF expression with primary monoclonal antibodies of the main women group and comparison group after childbirth (1:100, Abcam, UK).
RESULTS: A direct correlation between the expression of VEGF in the central zone of the placenta and index resistance (IR), ripple index (RI) in the uterine arteries, as well as the cerebroplacental relationship CPR (r1=0.487; p1=0.035; r2=0.487; p2=0.035; r3=0.578; p3=0.030, respectively) in women of the main group was found. A direct correlation was established between the expression of VEGF in the central zone of the placenta and IR in the umbilical artery (r=0.49; p=0.033) in patients of the main group. The analysis of the restactivity cycle in fetuses of women of the main group showed that at 3435 weeks 73% of them do not form it: the behavior of fetuses is represented only by the activated state. An inverse relationship was found between VEGF expression and the motor-cardiac reflex amplitude (r=0.866; p=0.05) as well as the heart rate oscillation amplitude (r=0.866; p=0.05) in fetuses of women of the main group.
CONCLUSIONS: The identified morphofunctional parallels will allow to develop non-invasive pathogenetic prognostic models for prenatal diagnosis of fetal development delay with different degrees of growth restriction.
Analysis of the cellular immunity status in patients with pathological placentation
Authors: Berg Edvard A. , Yashchuk Alfiya G. , Musin Il’nur I. , Naftulovich Raisa A. , Popova Elena M.
Published: September 2021

AIM: The study aimed to investigate the cellular immunity in patients with placental disposition.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective study analyzed birth histories and clinical and laboratory parameters of 10 patients with placental disposition. The cellular immunity status was determined by analyzing lymphocytes with a cluster of differentiation (CD), including CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD16+56, CD3-СD8+, TNK, and CD38+8+. Obtained data were analyzed statistically.
RESULTS: Patients were 32.0 (29.0; 36.0) years old. As regards reproductive history, 60.0% had a history of three pregnancies, 20% had two pregnancies, 10% had their first pregnancy, and 10% had their fourth pregnancy. Moreover, placenta dispositions most often occurred at the second pregnancy in 70.0%, at the third pregnancy in 20.0%, and first pregnancy in 10%. In terms of cell immunity in comparison with normal indicators, the relative number of natural killer cells (CD16+56+), including activated CD3-СD8+, tended to increase. A relative increase in cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (СD8+) was found against the background of lower number of T-helper cells, along with general immunodeficiency (immunoregulatory index in the absolute number of women was less than 1.5).
CONCLUSIONS: Further investigation of cellular immunity in women with placental pathology is relevant to detect additional pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of obstetric complications.
A computer program for the application of Zoeppritz's amplitude equations and Knott's energy equations
Authors: Young G. B. , Braile L. W.
Published: September 2021

abstract

A computer program is presented which calculates Zoeppritz's displacement amplitude coefficients, displacement potential coefficients, and Knott's energy coefficients for plane harmonic elastic waves of P or SV type incident on a plane interface between two isotropic, homogeneous elastic solids. A discussion of these three basic types of coefficients is included. Results of applying the program to a sample case are presented in the form of a graph of the energy coefficients computed for all possible wave types and over a range of angle of incidence of 0° to 90°.
Diagnostics of the Parameters of the Syllaborhythmic Speech Structure in Pre-School Children with Complex Disoders
Authors: Babych Nataliia , Tychyna Kateryna
Published: September 2021

A child’s language development is one of the main factors of the personal formation. The level of personal development determines the formation of social and cognitive skills in children. Speech development disorders, in particular mastering of syntagmatic constructions with different structural complexity, complicates children’s communication with peers and adults and impedes written language development. The purpose of this study is to examine the basic parameters of the compositional rhythmic speech structure (movement, rhythm and space) and to determine its development level in preschool children with multiple disabilities (disabilities in sensory, motor and speech systems). In order to examine these parameters a special technique consisting of four diagnostic units (“rhythmic movement”, “rhythmic space”, “rhythmic pronunciation” and “complex rhythm of speech”) was developed. First, an empirical study for each diagnostic unit was conducted, and the findings suggested that majority of preschool children with sensory, motor and speech disorders have underveloped compositional structure of speech, which requires further targeted interventions. The study found that preschool children with multiple disabilities have a reduced ability to pronounce words with different structural complexity, impaired perception of lexical units and a disturbed ability to perform dynamic and rhythmic serial movements, which indicates an insufficient level of motor, rhythmic and spatial skills development. Then, a correlation analysis was performed, the results of which indicate that the diagnostic units – “rhythmic movement”, “rhythmic space”, “rhythmic pronunciation” – are inextricably linked. When the skills assessed by the above-mentioned diagnostic units are developed, the skills, assessed by the “Complex rhythm of speech” diagnostic unit can begin their development as well. Determination of the child’s functioning level in each diagnostic unit will allow describing the effective strategies to influence parameters of compositional rhythmic speech in children with multiple disabilities based on potential capabilities and their maximal implementation in the speech therapy process.
Multi-Addressee Nature of Works Intentionally Aimed at a Young Audience – an Opportunity or a Threat? In the Context of Hanna Dymel-Trzebiatowska’s “Philosophical and Translational Migrations in the Moomin Valley” (2019)
Authors: Michułka Dorota
Published: September 2021

The article is based on the review of the book by Hanna Dymel-Trzebiatowska Philosophical and Translational Migrations in the Moomin Valley (2019). Interdisciplinary considerations concern the issue of the multi-addressee nature of works intentionally aimed at a young audience, and their basis is the analysis and interpretation of Tove Jansson’s series on Moomins, deeply rooted in philosophical contexts. In the interpretation of the saga of the Finnish writer, Dymel-Trzebiatowska refers to various aspects of the theory and practice of reception as well as to selected issues belonging to the area of theory and practice of translation. In interpretative contexts, the researcher also distinguishes psychoanalytical critique, cognitive poetics, existential philosophy, the broadly understood philosophy of ethics and childhood anthropology, thanks to which her book fits perfectly into contemporary discussions on the function, place, role and status of children’s literature, its meaning in the wider cultural circuit literary and – potentially – also its presence in the field of Polish studies.