bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ГЕНДЕРНІ АСПЕКТИ ФІЗИЧНОГО ВИХОВАННЯ: ПРАКТИКИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ
Authors: КОВАЛЬЧУК Роман , ШИНКАРУК Віктор , ТИМЧУК Іванна
Published: February 2025

Нині існує потреба докорінної реорганізації фізичного виховання, зміни поглядів на фізичну культуру і спорт і фізичне виховання загалом, та навіть перегляд методики фізичного навчання у закладах вищої освіти. Проблеми організації фізичного виховання потребують комплексного підходу. У сучасному світі фізична культура та спорт відіграють важливу роль у формуванні гармонійно розвиненої особистості, сприяючи не лише фізичному, а й соціальному, моральному та психологічному становленню людини. Проте питання інтеграції гендерного підходу в цю сферу залишаються надзвичайно актуальними, адже традиційні стереотипи та нерівні можливості все ще значною мірою впливають на доступ до спортивних ресурсів, методів викладання і вибору дисциплін.
При організації навчально-практичних занять з фізичної культури заняття обов'язково повинні будуватися з урахуванням гендерних особливостей. Гендерний підхід у фізичному вихованні та спорті покликаний враховувати біологічні, соціальні та культурні особливості представників різних статей, створюючи умови для рівного розвитку їхнього потенціалу. Водночас він стикається з низкою викликів, таких як стійкість стереотипів, недостатнє розуміння гендерних аспектів серед педагогів і тренерів, а також потреба в адаптації освітніх програм до сучасних реалій.
Ця стаття присвячена аналізу основних проблем, досвіду впровадження гендерного підходу та перспектив його розвитку у сфері спорту й фізичного виховання, з метою підкреслити важливість рівності й інклюзивності для сучасного суспільства.
Using the Confidante method to measure new or recent cases of female genital mutilation: Insights from Narok County, Kenya
Authors: Obare Onyango Francis , Matanda Dennis , Zulu Tchaiwe , Kizito Stephen
Published: February 2025

This report presents insights from a study conducted in Narok County of Kenya that used the Confidante method to identify new or recent cases of FGM. The study was a cross-sectional community-based survey conducted in November and December of 2022 among 703 women and girls aged 15-49 years in Narok East sub-county of Narok County. Participants were asked about the attitudes and experiences of FGM of up to three of their confidantes, defined as persons with whom they would share private information and who would also share such information with them. They provided information on a total of 1,684 confidantes. They were then asked about their own attitudes and experiences of FGM. Analysis entailed generation of descriptive statistics comparing prevalence and new or recent cases of FGM as well as FGM-related attitudes and beliefs among participants and their confidantes (as reported by the participants).
Le Questionnaire pour etre Administre aux Filles et aux Garçons dans les Clubs
Authors: Obare Onyango Francis , Undie Chi-Chi
Published: February 2025

Ce questionnaire a été conçu par le FGM Data Hub pour être administré aux filles et aux garçons participant aux clubs mis en place dans le cadre du programme The Girl Generation - Support to the Africa-led Movement (TGG-ALM) pour mettre fin aux MGF, financé par le FCDO.L'objectif était de générer des données pour suivre les changements dans les connaissances, les attitudes, les croyances, les pratiques et l'action en relation avec les MGF et les normes de genre chez les filles et les garçons participant aux clubs, ainsi que le degré de leur implication dans le programme.
Outil de récits de changement
Authors: Obare Onyango Francis , Undie Chi-Chi
Published: February 2025

Le but de cet outil et de ce guide est d'aider les partenaires de mise en oeuvre à recueillir des récits de changement dans le but d'apprendre et de capturer les résultats de leurs interventions (par exemple, pour rendre compte par rapport au cadre de résultats). L'outil a été développé par le FGM Data Hub, avec la contribution et les retours de The Girl Generation: Support to the Africa-Led Movement to End Female Genital Mutilation, à l’intention des partenaires de mise en oeuvre afin de recueillir des informations sur la nature des changements survenant dans la communauté à la suite de leurs interventions. Il peut être utilisé au niveau communautaire, mais aussi avec d'autres participants au programme (par exemple, des étudiants/professionnels, des militants ou des partenaires bénéficiaires qui ont participé à une formation au programme ou à d'autres événements). Tout texte à utiliser avec les participants au programme (section de consentement, questions utilisées pour recueillir des informations) doit être traduit au préalable dans la langue maternelle des personnes.
Internalisasi Nilai-Nilai Kearifan Lokal dalam Membentuk Karakter Siswa Melalui Pembelajaran IPS di MTs Negeri 3 Cirebon
Authors: Ilal Royatul , Nasehudin Nasehudin , Resmalasari Septiani
Published: February 2025

Nilai-nilai kearifan lokal tidak hanya berperan penting dalam lingkungan masyarakat akan tetapi nilai-nilai kearifan lokal juga merupakan hal yang penting dalam pendidikan, salah satunya untuk pembentukan karakter siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Internalisasi Nilai-Nilai Kearifan Lokal Dalam Pembelajaran IPS Di MTs Negeri 3 Cirebon Metode penelitian yang digunakan deksripsi Kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode studi kasus. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah wakil kepala madrasah bidang kurikulum dan kesiswaan, guru, dan siswa. Pengumpulan data yang dilakukan yaitu wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif analisis. Hasil penelitian ini 1. internalisasi nilai-nilai kearifan lokal dalam pembelajaran IPS di MTs negeri 3 Cirebon terjadi pada saat pembelajaran dan di luar pembelajaran, seperti guru memberitahui nilai-nilai kearifan lokal dan juga guru menerapkannya dalam pembelajaran, 2.pendidikan karakter dalam pembelajaran IPS Di MTs Negeri 3 Cirebon terjadi ketika guru menyuruh mengaji sebelum masuk kelas, menyuruh siswa memasukan baju dari hal tersebut terlihat guru dalam menanmkan pendidikan karakter ke siswa. 3. Internalisasi nilai-nilai kearifan lokal dalam membentuk karater siswa dalam pembelajaran IPS di MTs Negeri 3 Cirebon sudah berjalan dengan baik. terlihat nilai-nilai kearifan local sangat berpengaruh terhadap karakter siswa.
The Guessing Game and Its Implications for Sport Psychology Research — A Tale of Lotteries, Penalties, Mixed Strategies, and Nash Equilibria
Authors: Haugen Kjetil
Published: February 2025

This paper introduces the Guessing game, a game characterized by a single unique Nash equilibrium (NE) in mixed strategies. Furthermore, this game is shown to be important in most sports activities. Finally, central parts of sport psychology research are shown to neglect the existence of the Guessing game. The paper hence concludes by questioning the value of such research.
Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Primary Degradation Products Affect c-di-GMP-, cAMP-Signaling, and Quorum Sensing (QS) in Vibrio gazogenes DSM 21264
Authors: Preuss Lena , Alawi Malik , Dumnitch Albert , Trinh Ly , Maison Wolfgang , Burmeister Nils , Poehlein Anja , Daniel Rolf , Vollstedt Christel , Streit Wolfgang R.
Published: February 2025

Global plastic pollution in oceans and estuaries is increasing rapidly and it’s well known that bacteria colonize plastic particles of all sizes. _Vibri_o spp. are frequently found as part of the plastisphere. We recently showed that _Vibrio gazogenes_ DSM 21264 harbors a promiscuous esterase designated PET6. We now provide evidence that the _pet6_ gene is expressed under a wide range of environmental conditions in its native host. However, in PET- and PE-grown biofilms the _pet6_ gene expression was not affected by the type of surface. The _pet6_ transcription was sufficient to allow enzyme production and release of µM amounts of mono-(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (MHET) and terephthalic acid (TPA) already after 24 hours of incubation on PET foil. Notably, the highest _pet6_ gene transcription was observed in planktonic lifestyle in the presence of bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET) one of the primary degradation products of PET. BHET was further hydrolyzed by PET6 and UlaG, a lactonase that had not been known to be involved in BHET degradation. Elevated concentrations of BHET affected the major signaling circuits involved in bacterial quorum sensing (QS), c-di-GMP and cAMP-CRP signaling. This resulted in failure to form biofilms, synthesis of the red pigment prodigiosin and altered colony morphologies. While BHET had a very wide impact, TPA interfered mainly with the bacterial QS by attenuating the expression of the CAI-I autoinducer synthase gene. These observations imply a potential role of BHET and TPA as nutritional signals in _Vibrio gazogenes_ and that may affect its growth and survival in the plastisphere.

IMPORTANCE: This study provides first evidence that _Vibrio gazogenes_ DSM 21264 secretes an active PET hydrolase and degrades the polymer using PET6 when growing in biofilms on foils and microplastic particles. The study further provides evidence that the primary PET degradation products BHET and TPA may have a profound impact on the global QS, c-di-GMP and cAMP-CRP signaling of _V. gazogenes_ and its capability to colonize plastic particles in the marine environment.
Responsibilisierung und „Behandlungsavatare“ in der Sicherungsverwahrung Zur gerichtlichen Überprüfung des adäquaten Betreuungsangebots der Anstalt
Authors: Graebsch Christine
Published: February 2025

Dem durch die Rechtsprechung des Europäischen Gerichtshofs für Menschenrechte ausgelösten rechtlichen Umbau der Sicherungsverwahrung von einer Verwahrung Unverbesserlicher zu einer therapeutisch ausgerichteten Unterbringung mit dem Ziel der Gefährlichkeitsminderung haben der Gesetzgeber und das Bundesverfassungsgericht Gebote u. a. der Therapie- und Freiheitsorientierung mit gerichtlichen Kontrollpflichten entgegengesetzt. Allerdings stellt die fruchtlose Fristsetzung an die Anstalt nach § 67d Abs. 2 S. 2 iVm § 66c Abs. 1 Nr. 1 StGB für ein adäquates Angebot in der Praxis keinen relevanten Entlassungsgrund dar. Der Beitrag geht vor dem Hintergrund internationaler Gefängnisforschung zu prognosebedingter Einsperrung und kognitiv-behavioralen Behandlungsprogrammen anhand einer Auswertung von Dokumentenaus Fortdauerüberprüfungsverfahren den von Anstalten und Gerichten dafür angegebenen Gründen nach. Es zeigt sich, dass die Verantwortung für das bisherige Scheitern der gefährlichkeitsreduzierenden Behandlung allein den Untergebrachten selbst zugeschrieben wird. Sie sollen sich an dem offiziellen Narrativ orientieren und die Kriminalitätsursachen in ihre Persönlichkeit einschreiben. Dies veranlasst sie zur Ausbildung eines Behandlungsavatars im Sinne eines robotergleichen Zwillings von sich selbst. Dabei sehen sie sich zudem widersprechenden Anforderungen ausgesetzt. Behandlungsavatarhafte Selbstpräsentation lässt sich aber auch auf Seiten der Anstalten in Adaption an die rechtlichen Vorgaben auffinden.
Optimizing Performance in Cloud-Based Applications: Challenges and Solutions
Authors: Ramdoss Vasudevan Senathi
Published: February 2025

Cloud computing has transformed the digital landscape by providing scalable, cost-effective, and efficient computing solutions. However, optimizing performance in cloud-based applications remains a critical challenge due to factors such as latency, resource allocation, and scalability by providing scalable, cost-effective, and efficient computing solutions. However, optimizing performance in cloud-based applications remains a critical challenge due to factors such as latency, resource allocation, and scalability. This paper explores key challenges in cloud performance optimization and presents effective solutions, including content delivery networks, edge computing, auto-scaling, and serverless computing. Additionally, it examines real-world case studies and emerging trends like AI-driven optimization and 5G technology. The findings underscore the importance of continuous innovation in ensuring high-performance cloud computing environments.
Nanoengineered Copper: Revolutionizing Breast Cancer Care
Authors: Soumitra Mandal
Published: February 2025

Breast cancer continues to rank as a predominant cause of illness and death among women globally, emphasizing the critical need for innovative and effective treatment approaches. Traditional methods such as chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy often face limitations, including toxicity, resistance, and non-specific targeting. In recent years, advancements in nanotechnology have brought about transformative solutions, with nanoengineered copper emerging as a frontrunner. Nanoengineered copper’s unique properties- including its catalytic capabilities, biocompatibility, and potential for surface modification- offer unprecedented opportunities to revolutionize breast cancer care. These nanoparticles not only enable precise targeting of cancer cells but also improve diagnostic accuracy through advanced imaging techniques. Furthermore, their application in photothermal and photodynamic therapies provides a dual approach to destroying cancer cells while minimizing harm to healthy tissues. With the ability to modulate the tumor microenvironment and act as a platform for combination therapies, nanoengineered copper holds immense promise for both early detection and effective treatment. This article explores the wide-ranging applications of nanoengineered copper, from diagnostic innovations to therapeutic breakthroughs, underscoring its potential to redefine breast cancer management and improve patient outcomes.
Development of Mechanized Hardware Description Language Signal Processing For Unmanned Aircraft System Applications
Authors: K. Sagar Vivek  , SK. Farooq Abdulla  , S. Pavan  , P. Manikanta  , G. Sudheer Kumar
Published: February 2025

Future Department of Defense needs include rapid implementation and testing of signal processing algorithms on forward deployed unmanned autonomous hardware systems. Various signal processing algorithms can be designed to test the feasibility of using MATLAB with the hardware description language (HDL) Coder toolbox for rapid implementation and their use in signal processing hardware for real time aerospace and missile applications. This documents the signal processing algorithms and test inputs, MATLAB implementation, and performance and implementation results for generated very high-speed integrated circuit hardware description language (VHDL) code for specific targets.
Giant fibroadenoma in the left breast: Report of a case
Authors: Shil Rahul , MS Girish Chandra , Das Shreyasee
Published: February 2025

Fibroadenoma is a generally common benign, non-cancerous lump that appears suddenly and can be very difficult to distinguish from cancer. The exact cause of fibroadenomas is unknown. About 10% of women worldwide are estimated to experience it once in their lifetime. It can affect a female at any age, even though it is more common in the age group of 20–30. In this case report, we presented a 29-year-old female patient who had a huge fibroadenoma in her left breast, measuring 10 × 8 cm. The patient underwent a lumpectomy and was recovering well. In general, the prognosis is good, but it is important to have multidisciplinary team members to properly manage the patient.
Survival of a small translocated Procolobus kirkii population on Pemba Island
Authors:   Dip. di Psicologia Generale, Universita’degli Studi di Padova, Italy, Camperio Ciani A. , Palentini L. ,   Dip. di Psicologia Generale, Universita’degli Studi di Padova, Italy, Finotto E. ,   Dip. di Psicologia Generale, Universita’degli Studi di Padova, Italy
Published: February 2025

A survey to evaluate the distribution of Procolobus kirkii on Pemba island (Tanzania) was conducted, 20 years after they had been translocated from Zanzibar in the Ngezi forest park. A team of both expert and trained observers, guided by the authors, censused 68.3 linear km of forest, corresponding to an estimated area of 3.5 km2 (63.6%) of the protected Ngezi forested area of 5.5 km2. Nineteen groups of Cercopithecus aethiops were observed, with a total of 166 animals and an estimated density of 47.43 individuals per km2, and only one troop of Procolobus kirkii. Supplemented by interviewing the local people we obtained an estimate of 15-30 P. kirkii, including a small troop outside the protected area. This small population survived but did not increase, possibly due to adverse relations with humans.
Practical implementation of optimal management strategies in conservation programmes: a mate selection method
Authors:   1Dept. de Bioquímica, Genética e Inmunología, Fac. de Ciencias, Univ. de Vigo, Spain, Fernández J. , Toro M. A. ,   2Dept. de Mejora Genética Animal, Inst. Nacional de Investigaciones Agrarias, Madrid, Spain, Caballero A. ,   1Dept. de Bioquímica, Genética e Inmunología, Fac. de Ciencias, Univ. de Vigo, Spain
Published: February 2025

The maintenance of genetic diversity is, from a genetic point of view, a key objective of conservation programmes. The selection of individuals contributing offspring and the decision of the mating scheme are the steps on which managers can control genetic diversity, specially on ‘ex situ’ programmes. Previous studies have shown that the optimal management strategy is to look for the parents’ contributions that yield minimum group coancestry (overall probability of identity by descent in the population) and, then, to arrange mating couples following minimum pairwise coancestry. However, physiological constraints make it necessary to account for mating restrictions when deciding the contributions and, therefore, these should be implemented in a single step along with the mating plan. In the present paper, a single-step method is proposed to optimise the management of a conservation programme when restrictions on the mating scheme exist. The performance of the method is tested by computer simulation. The strategy turns out to be as efficient as the two-step method, regarding both the genetic diversity preserved and the fitness of the population.
Declining amphibian populations: a global phenomenon in conservation biology
Authors:   Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, Dept. of Biological Sciences, Univ. of East Anglia, UK, Gardner T.
Published: February 2025

The majority of the recent reductions in the Earth’s biodiversity can be attributed to direct human impacts on the environment. An increasing number of studies over the last decade have reported declines in amphibian populations in areas of pristine habitat. Such reports suggest the role of indirect factors and a global effect of human activities on natural systems. Declines in amphibian populations bear significant implications for the functioning of many terrestrial ecosystems, and may signify important implications for human welfare. A wide range of candidates have been proposed to explain amphibian population declines. However, it seems likely that the relevance of each factor is dependent upon the habitat type and species in question, and that complex synergistic effects between a number of environmental factors is of critical importance. Monitoring of amphibian populations to assess the extent and cause of declines is confounded by a number of ecological and methodological limitations.
Effects of fire management on the richness and abundance of central North American grassland land snail faunas
Authors:   Dept. of Natural and Applied Sciences, Univ. of Wisconsin–Green Bay, USA, Nekola J. C.
Published: February 2025

The land snail faunas from 72 upland and lowland grassland sites from central North America were analyzed. Sixteen of these had been exposed to fire management within the last 15 years, while the remainder had not. A total of 91,074 individuals in 72 different species were observed. Richness was reduced by approximately 30% on burned sites, while abundance was reduced by 50-90%. One-way ANOVA of all sites (using management type as the independent variable), a full 2-way ANOVA (using management and grassland type) of all sites, and a 2-way ANOVA limited to 26 sites paired according to their habitat type and geographic location, demonstrated in all cases a highly significant (up to p < 0.0005) reduction in richness and abundance on fire managed sites. Contingency table analysis of individual species demonstrated that 44% experienced a significant reduction in abundance on fire-managed sites. Only six species positively responded to fire. Comparisons of fire response to the general ecological preferences of these species demonstrated that fully 72% of turf-specialists were negatively impacted by fire, while 67% of duff-specialists demonstrated no significant response. These differences were highly significant (p = 0.0006). Thus, frequent use of fire management represents a significant threat to the health and diversity of North American grassland land snail communities. Protecting this fauna will require the preservation of site organic litter layers, which will require the increase of fire return intervals to 15+ years in conjunction with use of more diversified methods to remove woody and invasive plants.
New solutions to old problems: widespread taxa, redundant distributions and missing areas in event-based biogeography
Authors:   Dept. of Systematic Zoology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala Univ., Sweden, Sanmartín I. , Ronquist F. ,   Dept. of Systematic Zoology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala Univ., Sweden
Published: February 2025

Area cladograms are widely used in historical biogeography to summarize area relationships. Constructing such cladograms is complicated by the existence of widespread taxa (terminal taxa distributed in more than one area), redundant distributions (areas harboring more than one taxon) and missing areas (areas of interest absent from some of the compared cladograms). These problems have traditionally been dealt with using Assumptions 0, 1, and 2, but the assumptions are inapplicable to event-based methods of biogeographic analysis because they do not specify the costs of alternative solutions and may result in non-overlapping solution sets. The present paper presents the argument that only widespread terminals pose a problem to event-based methods, and three possible solutions are described. Under the recent option, the widespread distribution is assumed to be the result of recent dispersal. The ancient option assumes that the widespread distribution is the result of a failure to vicariate, and explains any mismatch between the distribution and the area cladogram by extinction. The free option treats the widespread taxon as an unresolved higher taxon consisting of one lineage occurring in each area, and permits any combination of events and any resolution of the terminal polytomy in explaining the widespread distribution. Algorithms implementing these options are described and applied to Rosen (1978)’s classical data set on Heterandria and Xiphophorus.
Two new species of the genus Laemostenus (Pristonychus) Bonelli from Bulgaria and notes on L. (P.) euxinicus Nitzu (Coleoptera, Carabidae)
Authors:   Natural Museum of Natural History, Bulgary, Guéorguiev B.
Published: February 2025

Two new species of subgenus Pristonychus Dejean, 1828, of the genus Laemostenus Bonelli, 1810, are described and illustrated: L. stoevi n. sp. from northern Bulgaria and L. derventicus n. sp. from southeastern Bulgaria. Both new species are distinguished from the closely related L. euxinicus Nitzu, 1998, L.tichyi (Kult, 1946) and L. punctatus (Dejean, 1828). This work contributes to both the faunistics and taxonomy of L. euxinicus from Romania. The assumed adaptive trend and origin of the most modified characters of the two new species are discussed, and the systematic place, taxonomic status and formation of more divergent species of the ‘terricola’ group are presented.
An indirect assessment of the effects of oil pollution on the diversity and functioning of turtle communities in the Niger Delta, Nigeria
Authors:   F. I. Z. V. (Ecology), Rome, Italy, Luiselli L. , Akani G. C. ,   Dept. of Biological Sciences, Rivers State Univ. of Science and Technology, Nigeria
Published: February 2025

There are many documented cases of oil spillage in the Niger Delta region, southern Nigeria (West Africa). Due to both habitat characteristics and omnivorous habits, the freshwater turtles are important vertebrates species in the trophic chain. They are therefore considered to play a significant role as ecological indicators for areas subjected to oil spillage events. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of oil spillage and consequent pollution on the abundance, complexity and functioning of freshwater turtle communities of the Niger Delta, by comparing the turtle fauna found in two areas with similar environmental characteristics, one unpolluted and the other polluted by a case of oil spillage in 1988. A total of 510 turtle specimens belonging to four different species (Trionyx triunguis, Pelusios castaneus, Pelusios niger, and Pelomedusa subrufa) were captured in the unpolluted area, whereas 88 specimens, from two different species (P. castaneus and P. niger) were captured in the polluted area. The dominant species was P. castaneus followed by P. niger in the unpolluted area, and P. niger in the polluted area. A marked shift in habitat use was observed in one species (P. niger) after the oil spillage event. This study revealed both direct and indirect effects of oil pollution on the complexity and habitat use of Nigerian freshwater communities of turtles. The main direct effect was a considerable reduction in the specific diversity of the turtles; 50% of species were lost after oil spillage and there was a very strong decline in the numbers of turtle specimens also for those species which were able to survive the catastrophic pollution event. The shift in habitat use after oil spillage by P. niger may have a significant effect on the long-term persistence of this species, independently of the pollution effects of the oil spillage event, because it considerably reduced habitat niche separation between this species and the closely related P. castaneus, a potential competitor. It is therefore stressed that eco-ethological modifications in populations of animals subjected to catastrophic events such as oil pollution should be taken into account when evaluating the long-term effects of these devastating phenomena
Can taxonomic richness be used as a surrogate for phylogenetic distinctness indices for ranking areas for conservation?
Authors:   Dept. of Integrative Biology, Brigham Young Univ., USA, Pérez-Losada M. , Crandall K. A. ,   Dept. of Integrative Biology, Brigham Young Univ., USA
Published: February 2025

Several methods have been proposed for evaluating area conservation priorities. Here the performance of traditional approaches (taxonomic richness) versus newer methods of phylogenetic distinctness is compared using the results and data from three different molecular studies: crayfish from the central United States and Australia, and Aeglidae freshwater crabs from Chile. To a large extent rankings based on species and genus richness agree with rankings based on taxonomic, phylogenetic and genetic diversity, thus suggesting that taxonomic richness methods may be used as a surrogate for the phylogenetic distinctness methods for the purpose of prioritizing reserve areas for conservation.
Influence of forest and grassland management on the diversity and conservation of butterflies and burnet moths (Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea, Hesperiidae, Zygaenidae)
Authors:   Inst. für Biogeographie, Trier, Germany, Schmitt T.
Published: February 2025

The distribution of butterflies and burnet moths was investigated at 38 patches in the Oettinger Forst (Bavaria, Germany) in 2001. Forty-two butterfly and four burnet moth species were recorded. They were unequally distributed over the study area. The diversity was significantly lower in the forests than in the non-forest patches. Windblows and meadows showed largely similar results but clearings had higher Shannon indices and Eveness and presented a trend to higher species numbers. The hay meadows had higher mean incidences of the 25 common species and exhibited a trend to higher numbers of individuals and species as well as higher mean Shannon indices than in the mulched meadows. The old quarries and sandpits harboured remarkable species, some of these occurring in high densities, thus underlining the conservation value of such structures in a non-target area for nature-conservation measurements.
Dos nuevas especies y una subespecie de campodeidos cavernícolas de la cornisa cantábrica (Diplura, Campodeidae)
Authors:   Museu Valencià d’Història Natural (Fundación Entomológica Torres Sala), VAlencia, Spain, Sendra A. , Salgado J. M. ,   Dept. de Biología Animal, Fac. de Biología, Univ. de León, Spain, Monedero E. ,   Museu Valencià d’Història Natural (Fundación Entomológica Torres Sala), VAlencia, Spain
Published: February 2025

A total of 139 specimens of campodeid diplurans, collected from 27 caves of Cantabrian Cornice (Spain) are studied and two new species and one subspecies are described: Podocampa asturiana n. sp., Podocampa asturiana riberiensis n. ssp. and Litocampa zaldivarae n. sp. P. asturiana n. sp. differs from its most closely related species, Podocamp. group fragiloides (an endogean species) by troglomorphic characters; P. asturiana riberiensis n. ssp. is distinct from the type species by the number of trochanteral bacilliform sensilla; and L. zaldivarae n. sp. is easely recognized from Litocampa espanoli by the number of macrochaetae posterior lateral in IV urotergite. These new discoveries show the value and diversity of this family of apterygote insects in the Cantabrian subterranean environment.
El hombre americano. Ensayo de antropología filosófica mexicana
Authors: Vevia Romero Fernando Carlos
Published: February 2025

A lo largo del siglo XX, la cantidad de investigaciones sobre la identidad nacional mexicana fue abundante: sobre sus costumbres, hábitos, modos de hablar, o sobre su imagen en el extranjero. Sin embargo, tras esa abundante producción sobre el carácter nacional, queda siempre la convicción de que el mexicano es distinto y va más allá de lo que retratan los datos anecdóticos. La búsqueda de esta genuinidad motiva en esta obra una deconstrucción para dejar al descubierto una otredad profunda.
Los días de la semana
Authors: Solinis Casparius Teresa Jimena
Published: February 2025

¿Sabes la historia de los días de la semana y por qué se llaman así? Existe una disciplina encargada de estudiar el origen de las palabras llamada etimología. La etimología de los días de la semana tiene su origen en la antigua Roma y en particular en el culto a varios dioses extraordinarios. En este libro podrás aprender de dónde vienen los nombres de los días de la semana, cómo se dicen en otros idiomas y también conocerás algunas cosas acerca de la mitología de la que provienen los nombres de los días de la semana.
Is Sex Necessary? or Why You Feel the Way You Do
Authors: Thurber James , White E. B.
Published: February 2025

Contents: The Nature of the American Male : A Study of Pedestalism • How to Tell Love From Passion • A Discussion of Feminine Types • The Sexual Revolution : Being a Rather Complete Survey of the Entire Sexual Scene • The Lilies-and-Bluebird Delusion • What Should Children Tell Parents? • Claustrophobia, or What Every Young Wife Should Know • Frigidity in Men • Answers to Hard Questions • Glossary

The year was 1929, the height of the Roaring Twenties and the eve of the Crash and Great Depression. A “Sexual Revolution” was in progress, and two writers from The New Yorker published this guide for the perplexed. The book launched two impressive publishing careers and helped establish its authors as paragons of 20th-century American letters. With 55 illustrations.
Transforming Alzheimer’s Disease Diagnosis: Implementing Vision Transformer (ViT) for MRI Images Classification
Authors: Kurniasari Dian , Pratama Muhammad Dwi , Junaidi Akmal , Faisol Ahmad
Published: February 2025

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurological disorder and the leading cause of dementia, accounting for 60-80% of cases. Early detection of AD is crucial for timely intervention, as the disease significantly impacts cognitive functions and daily activities. Diagnosing AD in clinical settings remains challenging due to subtle early symptoms, diverse presentations, lengthy diagnostic processes, and inconsistent criteria that heavily rely on medical expertise. Accurate and timely diagnosis during the early stages is essential for effective treatment and intervention. Modern imaging techniques, such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), have become essential in diagnosing Alzheimer’s by providing detailed insights into structural brain changes. This study explores the application of the Vision Transformer (ViT) model for classifying MRI images of Alzheimer’s patients, focusing on enhancing accuracy and reliability through data augmentation during pre-processing. A dataset of 8,000 MRI images, categorised into four groups—non-demented, very mild demented, mild demented, and moderate demented—was used to evaluate the ViT model. The experiment achieved promising results, with an accuracy of 98.19%, sensitivity of 96.34%, specificity of 98.80%, and an F1-score of 96.37%. These findings underscore the model’s effectiveness in distinguishing between affected and unaffected individuals, minimising misdiagnosis and enabling timely clinical interventions. However, some challenges remain, particularly in the classification between “Non-Demented” and “Very Mild Demented” cases. Future research should focus on enhancing data augmentation techniques and increasing data diversity in these categories to improve the model’s performance further. The ViT model holds great potential for advancing Alzheimer’s diagnosis, offering a valuable tool for early detection and intervention in clinical settings.
A new perspective on Squamate social cognition – the use of semiochemicals
Authors: Szabo Birgit
Published: February 2025

The Social Intelligence Hypothesis suggests that cognition might be key to enable animals to live in social groups. Especially social cognition is important as it allows animals to respond appropriately to conspecifics and ensure group cohesion. Social cognition is extensively studied in mammals and birds but to gain a broad understanding of the benefits of social cognitive processes in social interactions we need a broader phylogenetic approach. In this opinion paper, I suggest Squamates (lizards, snakes, and worm lizards) as promising models due to their diverse but facultative sociality and reliance on semiochemical communication in social contexts. Squamates possess a highly developed vomeronasal system to detect semiochemicals for social recognition and discrimination. Similar to the well-studied rodents, squamates detect a wide range of information within chemical cues but research on the associated decision-making processes, individual differences and development of these abilities is still scarce. Comparative approaches leveraging Squamates' semiochemical communication and sociobiological diversity could provide important new insights into the evolution of social cognition. Future research should further focus on individual abilities, their link to environmental and social demands, and consequences for fitness, advancing our understanding of adaptive social cognitive skills across taxa.
FACTORS INFLUENCING SULFADOXINE-PYRIMETHAMINE RESISTANCE IN PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN IN ILORIN, NIGERIA
Authors: Obaniyi Kehinde Adebobola , Sunday Ojo Joseph , Said Rukayat Olaitan , Luka Jonathan , Salau-Deen Badir-deen Mohammed
Published: February 2025

Malaria remains a significant public health concern in sub-Saharan Africa, especially among pregnant women. Resistance to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP), a key drug for treatment and prevention, is rising. This study investigated the prevalence of SP resistance among pregnant women in Ilorin, Nigeria, across pregnancy trimesters and healthcare facility types, and identified influencing factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 764 pregnant women attending Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, and Private Health Facilities. Facilities were categorized as Primary (basic care), Secondary, Tertiary (advanced care), and Private (privately owned, with varying levels of specialisation). Resistance prevalence was defined as the percentage of pregnant women in each trimester exhibiting resistance to SP. Prevalence rates were 37.6% (first trimester), 28.9% (second trimester), 31.9% (third trimester), and 38.7% (at delivery). The highest prevalence occurred in Private Health Facilities during the first trimester (45.5%) and Secondary Health Facilities at delivery (66.7%). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that occupation, blood group, and IPTp use were the significant predictors of SP resistance. For instance, occupation was associated negatively with resistance in the first trimester: coefficient = -0.144, p = 0.027, whereas hypertension and proximity to stagnant water were significant at delivery, coefficients -0.342, p = 0.009 and -0.296, p = 0.035, respectively. These findings call for targeted malaria control strategies, considering trimester-specific risk factors and healthcare facility type. For example, improved access to IPTp and early detection of hypertension in the second and third trimesters may reduce resistance.
COMPARISON OF ARTERIAL BLOOD PRESSURE IN SICKLE CELL PATIENTS AND NON-SICKLE CELL YOUNG ADULTS IN ZARIA, KADUNA STATE NIGERIA
Authors: Abdulrauf Rukayya A. , Farouk A. , Adamu J. , Nmadu J. N. , Awwalu S.
Published: February 2025

The current study was aimed at evaluating the arterial blood pressure indices in young adults with (Sickle cell anemia) SCA in comparison to those with normal HbAA age- and sex-matched healthy controls. A sample size of 60 individuals aged 18-30 years were recruited for participation. They were divided into two groups; 30 being sickle cell patients (HbSS) as confirmed by hemoglobin electrophoresis and 30 being the control (HbAA) group. Consent was obtained from both groups and data was collected in a face-to-face administered questionnaire. The blood pressure in both groups were determined using a mercury sphygmomanometer and the results obtained showed that SCA patients had a significantly (p < 0.05) lower diastolic pressure and no difference (p > 0.05) was observed in systolic blood pressure. The mean arterial pressure was also found to be significantly (p < 0.05) lower in SCA patients than the normal. The sickle cell group exhibited a significantly (p < 0.05) higher heart rate and pulse pressure than the control group. In conclusion, sickle cell patients have a lower diastolic blood pressure and higher heart rate than non-sickle cell group. Therefore, as SCD patients transition into adulthood, they may not be at risk of hypertension and development of its various complications, but they may be prone to consequences of hypotension and bradycardia such as reduced cardiac output, reduced coronary hypoperfusion and cardiac arrhythmias.
Empowering Lecturers Through Servant Leadership: The Influence of Digital Literacy and Cultural Adaptation
Authors: Susanto Agus , Wijaya Elyzabeth , Hendry Hendry , Nabella Septa Diana , Rivaldo Yandra
Published: February 2025

This study examines the impact of digital literacy and adaptable culture on lecturer performance, with servant leadership as a mediating variable. The Institute of Information Technology and Business executed the study, with several lecturers participating as responders. Digital literacy is a crucial component in the age of technological transition, whereas adaptable culture signifies an institution’s capacity to adjust to evolving environmental conditions. This study proposes that servant leadership, prioritizing service-oriented leadership, mediates the association among digital literacy, adaptable culture, and lecturer performance. This study uses a validated questionnaire to gather data through a quantitative methodology and survey technique. We employ route analysis methodologies to examine the interrelationships among variables. The study’s outcomes are anticipated to elucidate how digital literacy and adaptable culture might enhance professor performance by reinforcing servant leadership conduct. These findings hold significant implications for formulating higher education policies, particularly in addressing the challenges of the digital age and the intricacies of the professional landscape. This study offers theoretical contributions by enhancing the comprehension of the interplay between digital literacy, corporate culture, and leadership within an academic framework.
Investigation of Hydrological Drought in Central Dry Zone, Myanmar
Authors: Poe Zar Ni Aung  , Aye Nilar , Yin Yin Htwe
Published: February 2025

This study presents the investigation of hydrological drought in Myanmar’s Central Dry Zone using the Streamflow Drought Index (SDI) across various timescales (3, 6, 9, and 12 months) to assess its impact on water resources and agricultural productivity. The Central Dry Zone, which includes the Ayeyarwaddy River and encompasses the regions of Sagaing, Mandalay, and Magway, shows significant vulnerability of hydrological extremes due to its semi-arid climate and dependence on water resources. Monthly discharge data from selected hydrological stations from 1993 to 2022 is analyzed using DrinC 1.7 software to derive SDI values and drought characteristics. The results show that critical drought events in 2005-2006, 2013-2015, and 2019-2021 for all stations are marked by high severity and extended duration. Short-term SDI (SDI 3 and SDI 6) values capture rapid, intense droughts, while long-term SDI (SDI 9 and SDI 12) highlight extended water shortages. From this result, Monywa station shows the highest severity and duration of droughts across all SDI timescales compared to other stations. The results underscore the necessity of strategic water management and drought mitigation measures to protect agriculture and guide planning, establish early warning systems, and support sustainable development in the Central Dry Zone, Myanmar.
Actual Tasks in Creating Digital Twins for Precise Electrochemical
Machining
Authors: Plankovskyy Sergiy , Tsegelnyk Yevgen , Voronov Roman , Kalaitan Ihor , Petrenko Vitalii
Published: February 2025

The development and application of manufacturing processes digital twins is an established trend in the development of precision machining methods, which is inherent in Industry 4.0. Digital twins are most actively implemented in additive manufacturing and for non-deformation finishing processes: laser, electrical discharge, and electrochemical. The main advantage of this approach is the ability not only to understand and control the process but also to manage it in real time while simultaneously monitoring the condition of the equipment. Electrochemical machining (ECM) is stands out among non-deformation methods. ECM combines high material removal rates with the absence of tool wear and thermal effects on the processed material. The most promising process is pulsed electrochemical machining (PECM), in which the cathode carries oscillatory motion and high-density electrical pulses are applied when it is near the lower dead center. This ensures high productivity and processing accuracy, as well as improved conditions for electrolyte renewal in the machining zone during the cathode's return stroke. Due to the complexity and interrelated of the processes involved in PECM, multi-physical models are used to create digital twins. Based on the review of existing models for PECM, tasks have been formulated for creating DT of machining processes for complex-shaped details, where two-dimensional models, which most modern research is based on, cannot be applied. The most important tasks are the design of cathodes, optimization of electrolyte supply and integration of electrochemical machining process digital twins and equipment for its implementation. The possibilities of creating such integrated digital twins using available software on the market are determined.
Comparative Analysis of Determining the Service Life of Powerful
Asynchronous Motors Insulation by Analytical Methods and Using
the ANSYS MotorCAD Software Environment
Authors: Hordiienko Artem
Published: February 2025

The paper presents the mathematical justification and selection of aging models of the electrical insulation of the stator winding of the VAZ 215/109-6АМО5 electric motor, which ensures the operation of the main circulation pump GTsN-195 of the first cooling circuit of the VVER-1000 nuclear reactor. There are 13 power units with VVER type reactors in operation in Ukraine are important elements of the national energy system. The relevance of the research lies in the need to ensure the reliability and safety of the operation of critically important systems, such as the cooling of nuclear reactors. The selection of adequate insulation aging models is key to predicting the service life of an electric motor and preventing possible emergency situations. The use of mathematical models makes it possible to assess the influence of these factors on insulation degradation, which, in turn, contributes to the development of recommendations for improving the reliability of electric motors. The study includes a comparison of analytical methods for calculating the aging of electrical insulation and methods performed using the simulation of an electric motor in the software product ANSYS MotorCAD. ANSYS MotorCAD is a specialized software for the design of electrical machines, which allows for fast Multiphysics simulations in a wide range. One of the key functions of this software is the simulation of thermal processes, which is critical for evaluating the efficiency and reliability of electric ma-chines. Computer simulation of the operation modes of insulation of powerful asynchronous motors will allow determining the service life of electrical insulation and significantly speed up the process of designing insulation systems. The results of the comparative analysis can serve as a basis for further research aimed at improving production technologies and increasing the reliability of materials. This approach also lays the foundation for the development of insulation systems in electric motors in general, which is critical to ensure their efficiency and safety.
BERBAGAI VARIETAS JAMUR TIRAM TERHADAP MEDIA TANAM AMPAS TAHU DAN TEPUNG JAGUNG
Authors: Fitrianingsih Dewi , Lunnadiyah Aprilia Rennanti
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui respon berbagai varietas jamur tiram terhadap media tanam ampas tahu dan tepung jagung, (2) mengetahui media tanam yang terbaik terhadap respon masing-masing varietas. Metode yang digunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Menggunakan percobaan faktorial. Faktor yang dicoba yaitu media tanam dan varietas jamur tiram. Data hasil percobaan dianalisis menggunakan uji F, yang dilanjut dengan uji DMRT taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan media tanam terbaik berdasarkan pertumbuhan awal munculnya pinhead jamur tiram terdapat pada kombinasi antara nutrisi ampas tahu dan tepung jagung pada varietas jamur tiram merah muda. Media tanam tepung jagung menjadi hasil terbaik berdasarkan pertumbuhan panjang tangkai jamur pada varietas jamur tiram coklat. Media tanam ampas tahu menjadi hasil terbaik berdasarkan hasil bobot basah dan bobot kering jamur tiram pada varietas jamur tiram putih. Varietas jamur tiram merah muda menjadi hasil terbaik berdasarkan awal munculnya pinhead pada media tanam kombinasi antara ampas tahu dan tepung jagung. Varietas jamur tiram coklat merespon terbaik berdasarkan pertumbuhan panjang tangkai pada media tanam tepung jagung. Varietas jamur tiram putih merespon terbaik berdasarkan hasil bobot basah dan bobot kering pada media tanam ampas tahu. Varietas jamur tiram abu-abu merespon terbaik berdasarkan hasil bobot basah pada media tanam tepung jagung.
Bokrecension: Penskaja, E.N. & Kuptsova, O.N. (red.), "Nevidimaja velitjina". A.V. Suchovo-Kobylin: teatr, literatura, zjizn'
Authors: Bogolepova Olga K.
Published: February 2025

Е.Н. Пенская & О.Н. Купцова (сост.): “Невидимая величина”. А.В. Сухово-Кобылин: театр, литература, жизнь. Москва, Изд. дом Высшей школы экономики, 2024. ISBN 978-5-7598-2668-2, 472 с.