bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Planform Recognition and Implications of a Cretaceous-age Continental-scale River Avulsion Node in the Western Interior Basin, Alberta, Canada
Authors: Martin Harrison K. , Hubbard Stephen M. , Hagstrom Cynthia A. , Horner Sean C. , Durkin Paul R.
Published: July 2019

The recognition of an avulsion in the stratigraphic record of an ancient river can provide key insight into its paleoenvironmental setting. In this study, the first planform recognition and delineation of a continental-scale river avulsion node in the deep-time record is used to provide novel insights into the paleogeographic setting for Aptian strata of the Western Interior Basin. Deposits of the Cretaceous McMurray Formation (A2 channel belt) in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region of Alberta, Canada, compose a world-class archive of fluvial–deltaic deposition, captured with a uniquely dense wireline-well-log and drill-core dataset. Despite extensive research on this expansive deposit, however, the depositional setting and paleoenvironmental conditions of the formation have been the subject of long-standing and unresolved debate.

In this study, the planform geometry of meander belts characterized by pervasive point-bar and oxbow-lake deposits are examined along a continuous dip-oriented transect > 100 km long, covering > 11,000 km2. The avulsion node documented is linked to three potential causal mechanisms: the presence of the paleobackwater limit, syndepositional salt collapse, or differential erosion and compaction of the substrate associated with an underlying Devonian carbonate escarpment. Although the data compiled do not favor any one of the three proposed mechanisms, each hypothesis potentially provides novel insights into the depositional environment of the McMurray Formation. Notably, the paleobackwater interpretation is consistent with recent seismic geomorphological analysis of the local A2 channel belt that suggested that deposition occurred in the upper reaches of the backwater zone. The results of this work have implications for delineating hydrocarbon-bearing units in the Athabasca Oil Sands, as well as recognizing the record of ancient avulsion nodes in other sedimentary basins.
ANALISIS PENGARUH ASIMETRI INFORMASI, PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL, PERSEPSI KESESUAIAN KOMPENSASI, MORALITAS INDIVIDU, DAN KETAATAN ATURAN AKUNTANSI TERHADAP KECURANGAN AKUNTANSI
Authors: Indriastuti Devy Ervina , - Agusdin - , - Animah -
Published: July 2019

Accounting fraud occurred in the form of misstatement of financial statements, abuse of authority by denying or concealing information by the management accounting in the public sector. This study aims to determine the effect of asymmetry of information, internal control, perception of suitability compensation, individual morality and adherence to accounting rules on the accounting fraud in Central Lombok regency government. A sample of 90 respondents was determined by proportional stratified random sampling consisting of Echelon II, III and IV accounting manager directly or indirectly. Data were analyzed using multiple regression formula with the help of SPSS applications. The study concluded that the asymmetry of information and significant positive effect which means increasing the chances of fraud. Internal control, perception of suitability compensation, individual morality a significant negative effect, it can reduce the chances of accounting fraud effectively. While the observance of accounting rules do not affect the accounting fraud due to the lack of reward and punishment accounting manager of the implementation of the rules set. Suggestions in the study for the government of Central Lombok district need their superiors ketegasam in enforcing a rule to be applied to the subordinates, where there needs to be a clear reward and punishment on the performance of subordinates. For further research is expected to explore other factors that may affect the Accounting Fraud and expand into other areas of research objects that may get different results.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KUALITAS INFORMASI LAPORAN KEUANGAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH (Studi Empiris pada SKPD di Kabupaten Lombok Tengah)
Authors: Murapi Ikang
Published: July 2019

This study was conducted to determine the factors that affect the informatioan quality of local
government financial reports. Collecting data this study used a questionnaire survey. The data collected
is then processed using SPSS version 17.0. The statistical method used to test the hypothesis is multiple
linear regression analysis. Results of hypothesis testing is the implementation of the Regional Financial
Accounting System, Utilization of Information Technology and Internal Control System The government
has a positive and significant impact on Information Quality of Local Government Financial Statements,
but do not be influenced by the Human Resource Competency.
IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN PEMERINTAH NO 46 TAHUN 2013 PADA LAPORAN KEUANGAN WAJIB PAJAK BADAN DI MATARAM
Authors: Henny Henny -
Published: July 2019

This study aims to explain how the implementation of Government Regulation No. 46 Year 2013
Financial Report Corporate Taxpayers, especially UMKM in Mataram. This research is a case study.
Informants consisted of tax authorities, Tax Consultants and the taxpayer. Data analysis was carried
out with reference to the cross-case analysis. The method used is a qualitative method.
The conclusion of this study show that the presence of PP 46 of 2013 Financial Statements taxpayer makes
a real case. This is because the size of the net income of a person or business entity will not affect the
amount of tax to be paid, because the tax rate is calculated by multiplying directly against gross income, so
that the taxpayer does not have the opportunity to manipulate their tax payable. This will happen if the
counterparty of the taxpayer to report transaction activity that occurred or a company that had a turnover
taxpayer NPWP thus automatically tracked or known exactly amount. But if the counterparty of the
taxpayer is a small company that does not have a NPWP or have a NPWP, but do not obey the reporting
of the transaction, it makes the taxpayer makes financial statements that do not correspond to the reality.
That is to decrease the amount of profit, they set the gross turnover / turnover, cost of goods sold and
expenses incurred in the Profit / Loss them, so it will automatically shrink the number of tax payments.
The suggestion from this study is that the set of rules or policies that make government may have data on
the amount of circulation of business taxpayers can use to minimize the chances of non compliance
Taxpayers do with manipulating the Financial Statements. The suggestion from this study is that the set of
rules or policies that make government may have data on the amount of circulation of business
taxpayers and counterparties that can be used to
minimize non-compliance is opportunity for the taxpayer to manipulate the financial statements.
MEMPREDIKSI KECENDERUNGAN PERUSAHAAN MELAKUKAN PENGHINDARAN PAJAK
Authors: Sambharakreshna Yudhanta , Kompyurini Nurul
Published: July 2019

This study aimed to analyze and predict the executive character, profitability, and corporate governance to tendency of
company doing tax avoidance. Samples are 45 companies joined in 45 LQ Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2009 until
2013. Samples were selected using purposive sampling method. Data was analyzed using descriptive analysis method,
multiple linear regression, hypothesis testing. The results of this study indicate that the character of executives and
profitability affect to the tax avoidance, while the audit committee and independent commissioner has no effection to the tax
avoidance.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KUALITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN DAN AKUNTABILITAS KINERJA INSTANSI PEMERINTAH (STUDI EMPIRIS PADA SATKER BALAI BESAR BMKG WILAYAH III DENPASAR-BALI)
Authors: Sardi Santha Julia , Rifa’i H. Ahmad , Husnan L. Hamdani
Published: July 2019

This study aims to examine empirically the effect of the influence of Clarity Target Budget, Internal Control Systems, Human Resources and Government Accounting Standards on Financial Statement Quality and Accountability Government Performance. The population was 366 respondents KPA / PPK and treasurer at 183 work units BMKG. The number of samples is determined by purposive sampling technique, resulting in a sample of 94 respondents consisting of 47 units working under the coordination of the Center for BMKG Region III Denpasar-Bali. Collecting data using primary data by distributing questionnaires. Data analysis tool used is Partial Least Square (PLS). Tests on the research done by using second order confirmatory factor analysis. The findings of this study indicate that: (1) Quality of Financial Statements significantly affected by Goal Clarity Budget and Government Accounting Standards, but was not significantly affected by SPI and natural resources; (2) Accountability of Government Performance is significantly affected by SPI and SAP, but was not significantly affected by Goal Clarity Budget and Human Resources; (3) Quality of Financial Statements significantly influence the Government Performance Accountability. The implications of this study may be useful as consideration for decision makers in improving the quality of financial statements and Accountability Government Performance as a form of state financial management.
Relevansi Nilai Atas Nilai Wajar Aset dan Liabilitas Dengan Mekanisme Good Corporate Governance Sebagai Variabel Pemoderasi
Authors: Pascayanti Yusifa , Rahman Aulia Fuad , Andayani Wuryan
Published: July 2019

This study examines the relevance of fair value of assets and liabilities and mechanisms of good corporate governance as a moderating variable by using a sample banking companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2012 to 2014 year. The sampling method using purposive sampling and analysis of research data using Eviews. Mechanism of Good Corporate Governance in the study visits of the independent board, institutional investors and the audit committee of the company. Furthermore, this research also investigates the value relevance of accounting information such as book value, earnings, the fair value of financial assets and liabilities with a view influence on stock prices and stock returns. Ohlson Model (1995) into the measurement model used in this study, and this study examines both the measurement model Ohlson is the pricing model and the model returns to see the consistency of the study. Significant results indicate that the book value, earnings, the fair value of assets and liabilities fair value has relevance value. So we can conclude all variables affect stock prices and stock returns. In addition, Good corporate governance mechanisms able to moderate over the value relevance of book value, earnings, fair value of financial assets and liabilities fair value.
Pengaruh Return On Equity dan Leverage Pada Saham Bonus di Perusaaan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Dana Rai Sukmawati , Krisnadewi Komang Ayu
Published: July 2019

This study aimed to determine the effect of return on equity (ROE) and leverage of the bonus shares in companies listed on the Stock Exchange in 2000-2015. The total samples that used ware 33 observations based on saturated samples method. The analysis technique used multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed ROE does not had an effect on bonus shares that means the company's decision to publish bonus shares does not depend on the size of ROE, leverage had a positive effect on bonus shares that shows if the company’s risk increased, so the possibility of the company to publish bonus shares will higher than cash dividends in the future.
PENGARUH KARAKTERISTIK PEMDA DAN TEMUAN AUDIT BPK TERHADAP KINERJA PEMDA KABUPATEN DI PULAU SUMBA
Authors: Ara Samuel Christian , Herwanti Titiek , Pituringsih Endar
Published: July 2019

This research is aimed at examining and analyzing the effect of the characteristics of the local government and BPK audit findings on the performance of local governments on the island of Sumba. Local government performance is measured by a score results of Evaluasi Kinerja Penyelenggaraan Pemerintahan Daerah (EKPPD).This research was classified as associative research. The samples used were all local governments on the island of Sumba, Sumba Timur, Sumba Tengah, Sumba Barat and Sumba Barat Daya during the period of 2009-2014. The Analysis employed multiple linear regresion.The research showed that the variable characteristics of the local government who described the wealth level of local government, the level of dependence on central government, capital expenditures and audit findings on the performance of local governments on the island of Sumba.The implications of this research theoretically contribute in the field of public sector accounting, particularly at the local government in governance. Practically provide information and advice to the local government in terms of financial management. In this research provide information policy as a basis for consideration in making policy as an effort to improve the performance of local governments on the island of Sumba.
FRAUD PELAPORAN KEUANGAN SEKTOR PUBLIK
Authors: Sholihah Siti , Prasetyono -
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study is to determine the forms of fraud that occured in public sector financial reporting. Based on the report ACFE (Association of Certified Fraud Examiner) in 2012, the financial reporting fraud cases lead to an average loss of $ 1 million. This study was included a qualitative study using interpretive paradigm. The informants are the staff who handle the reporting in public sector. Interviews were done by unstructure and informant didn’t know that they became informant in this research . The results of interviews indicate that public sector financial reporting fraud happens is misplaced account, negligence recognition grants/aid from the center goverment, accountability document manipulation, depreciation of assets disproportionate, estimates in determining the remaining inventory and estimated useful life of the asset.
FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT AND TAXPAYER COMPLIANCE TEST IN USING TOTAL BENCHMARKING AT PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES
Authors: Ernawati Widi Dwi
Published: July 2019

This study aims to:1) to determine whether there is a difference between the ratio of pharmaceutical companies from 2011-2015 with the total benchmarking ratio established by the Directorate General of Taxes; 2) to know the total use of benchmarking ratio in testing taxpayer compliance. The sample used is the annual report of 7 pharmaceutical companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) for the period of 2011 - 2015. Data analysis in this study was conducted by: 1) Calculated the average of 12 ratios, i.e GPM, OPM, PPM, CCTOR, NPM, DPR, salary, lease, depreciation, other input ratios, non-operating income ratio, and off-business cost ratio; 2) Identified the difference of each ratio with benchmarking ratio by using Independent Test Sample T-test; 3) Analyzed the ratios below and above the total benchmarking ratio; 4) Used the Total Benchmarking Ratio to detect Tax Evasion. The results show the ratio of GPM, OPM, PPM, NPM, salary, rent, and other inputs, different not significant. While the ratio of CCTOR, DPR, depreciation, non-business income and non-business costs, is significantly different from the total benchmarking ratio. The use of benchmarking ratios to test taxpayer compliance resulted in recommendations to focus further analysis on accounts relating to material purchases and use, as well as non-business income and expenses.
The Business Owners SMES Sector of Intention to Use The Sevices By External Accountants
Authors: Irwansyah Irwansyah , Hatta Madani , Al Masriki Ghulam Ferdi
Published: July 2019

This study aimed to prove attitude toward behavior, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, perception of the business owners SMEs sector about competence of the accountant external, size of business, and competitive industries has positive effect on the intention to use the services from external accountants. Respondents in this study were 67 business owners in SMEs sector in Bengkulu city. The method of collecting data in this study using a survey by questionnaires to the respondents either directly. The data was analyzed by using SmartPLS 3.0. The result show that attitude toward behavior, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, external accountant to be competent, size of business, and competitive industries has positive effect on intention to use the services from external accountants.
Analisis Pemilihan Supplier Gabah dengan Metode Analitycal Network Proces (ANP) (Studi kasus: Gudang Baru Bulog Gunung Gedangan, Mojokerto)
Authors: Amyriki Marista , Mu’amar Muhammad Fuad Fauzul , Hastuti Sri
Published: July 2019

Pemilihan pemasok merupakan suatu kegiatan yang sangat penting dalam sebuah industri. Pemilihan pemasok yang baik dan tepat dapat meningkatkan kinerja perusahaan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan kriteria dan subkriteria yang menjadi dasar pemilihan pemasok gabah dan mendapatkan alternatif pemasok gabah di GBB Gunung Gedangan, Mojokerto. Penentuan alternatif terbaik pada pemilihan pemasok gabah menggunakan metode Analitycal Network Process (ANP). Analisis kriteria terpilih pada penelitian ini didapatkan kriteria kualitas, kriteria pengiriman, kriteria fleksibilitas, kriteria responsibilitas dan kriteria service. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kriteria kualitas mendapatkan bobot paling tinggi sebesar 0,53355, kriteria service (0,26417), kriteria pengiriman (0,10358), kriteria responsibilitas (0,06164) dan kriteria fleksibilitas (0,03705). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa alternatif pemasok yang tepat untuk perusahaan adalah UD. Satriya Sugih Waras dengan nilai 0,59073, kemudian UD. Sari Alam (0,28194) dan UD. Arto Moro (0,12733).
E-Perelek: Penguatan Pangan Melalui Inovasi Kebijakan Berbasis Modal Sosial dan Teknologi di Kabupaten Purwakarta, Jawa Barat
Authors: Putri Kintansari Adhyna , Amal Ichlasul
Published: July 2019

As a country that is rich in local wisdom, the Indonesian people know the tradition of 'Mutual Cooperation'. One of the traditions of mutual cooperation is Perelek, which is the activity of the West Java Sundanese farmers who distribute rice yields to fellow marginal farmers and marginalized groups. The Perelek tradition was adopted and developed into the Smart Regency policy of Purwakarta Regency named Automated Teller Machine Rice (E-Perelek). Changing conditioning relations 'mutual cooperation' is moderated by technology input as well as the implementation of the Electronic Government (E-gov) paradigm. E-Perelek is claimed to be able to foster a sense of solidarity while increasing the availability of rice for food for the poor in Purwakarta with better quality than poor rice (Raskin). This condition is in line with the 2nd objective of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in ending hunger, achieving food security and improving nutrition, and promoting sustainable agriculture. The methodology used in this paper is a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis. This paper aims to critically analyze the implications of the change in Perelek's tradition to be an eager policy on food security for small communities in Purwakarta.
Perlawanan Masyarakat Minoritas Dalam Perencanaan Pembangunan Perkotaan
Authors: Malik Rahman
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this research is to see how the resistance of minority comunities toward the silencing of their right by the government of Malang City to contribute the development planning in Malang city. According to this case it is related to public policy which is formed on the basis of collective thinking between the government and the people of Malang City as a whole. This research method is qualitative with a study approach case. The informants in this study were taken from several ranks of the community management of the Persatuan Tuna Netra Indonesia(PERTUNI) of Malang City. The data collection techniques of this study used interviews and observation. The data analysis technique used in this study is the pattern matching K.Yin. The findings of this study are related to the resistance of minority communities to the government of Malang city due to the limited rights of minorities in the planning of builders in Malang including: (1) holding a peaceful speech on the anniversary of disability. (2) carrying out advocacy efforts at the Malang City Regional Representative Council (DPRD) office. (3) Actively involved in providing education for persons with disabilities in Malang City who have difficulty accessing public facilities. (4) conducting social criticism and evaluation studies through social media related to difficult access in using public facilities for persons with disabilities.
What do young doctors know of Palliative Care; how do they expect the concept to work?
Authors: Fernando GVM Chamath , Prathapan Shamini
Published: July 2019

Objectives

Discipline of palliative care is still evolving in developed parts of the world while it remains at an infantile stage in Sri Lanka which has not been formally assessed as of today. We aimed at evaluating the level of palliative care knowledge and opinions among young medical graduates. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among pre-residency medical graduates of Sri Lanka through a social media based on-line survey. The pre-tested questionnaire assessed the level of knowledge on general principles, service organization, clinical management and ethical considerations while it also evaluated their opinions.

Results

Response rate was 35.8% (n=351). The average score among the respondents was 37.25% (standard deviation (SD) = 11.975). Specific knowledge on “general principles” was adequate (score>=50%) with an average of 62.61%, SD=24.5 while “ethics” was observed to be the area with poorest knowledge (average score=19.55%, SD=22). Average scores for “service organization” and “managerial aspects” were 34.54%, SD=17.6 and 32.26%, SD=22.3 respectively. The majority (>90%) believed that de-novo establishment of hospice, hospital and community-based palliative services would sustainably improve holistic patient care. Measures must be taken to optimize basic palliative care knowledge among the undergraduates in view of achieving Universal Health Coverage in the long term.
In Silico Investigation of Mitragynine and 7-Hydroxymitragynine Metabolism
Authors: Limpanuparb Taweetham , Noorat Rattha , Tantirungrotechai Yuthana
Published: July 2019

Objective: Mitragynine is the main active compound of Mitragyna speciose (Kratom in Thai). The understanding of mitragynine derivative metabolism in human body is required to develop effective detection techniques in case of drug abuse or establish an appropriate dosage in case of medicinal uses. This in silico study is based upon in vivo results in rat and human by Philipp et al. (J. Mass Spectrom., 2009, 44, 1249.) Results: The gas-phase structures of mitragynine, 7-hydroxymitragynine and their metabolites were obtained by quantum chemical method at B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level. Results in terms of standard Gibbs energies of reaction for all metabolic pathways are reported with solvation energy from SMD model. We found that 7-hydroxy substitution leads to changes in reactivity in comparison to mitragynine: position 17 is more reactive towards demethylation and conjugation to a glucuronide and position 9 is less reactive towards conjugation to a glucuronide. Despite the changes, position 9 is the most reactive for demethylation and position 17 is the most reactive for conjugation to a glucuronide for both mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine. Our results suggest that 7-hydroxy substitution could lead to different metabolic pathways and raise an important question for further experimental studies of this more potent derivative.
Challenges and barriers of Humanitarian Aid Management in 2017 Kermanshah Earthquake: A Qualitative Content Analysis
Authors: Safarpour Hamid , Fooladlou Saeideh , Keykaleh Meysam Safi , Mousavipour Somayyeh , Pirani Davoud , Sahebi Ali , Ghodsi Hassan , Ashtiani Iman Farahi , Dehghani Arezoo
Published: July 2019

Background

Examining various problems after disasters is important for affected people. One of the most important problems after disasters is the management of humanitarian aid and donations among the affected people. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore Challenges and barriers of humanitarian aid management in 2017 Kermanshah Earthquake.

Methods

This study was conducted using conventional qualitative content analysis method. This study was carried out from November 2017 to January 2018. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and purposeful sampling and continued until the saturation of the data. Data collection and analysis phases of research proceed simultaneously and with constant comparison. 21 people, including 6 humanitarian aid manager, 6 volunteers, 4 aid workers, and 5 affected people participated in the study.

Results

The findings of this study identified two categories and 12 sub-categories concerning challenges and barriers of humanitarian aid and donors’ management during the 2017 Kermanshah Earthquake. During the analysis process two main categories included management and policy barriers, and structural and operational barriers were extracted.

Conclusions

Effective management and proper policies in relation to humanitarian aid and the modifying of structural and operational barriers can resulted in improve performance and effective humanitarian aid management.
Screening agents for controlling common root rot of wheat
Authors: Wei Xuejun , Xu Zihang , Zhang Na , Yang Wenxiang , Liu Daqun
Published: July 2019

Background: Common root rot (CRR) of wheat (Triticum aestivum) is a serious soilborne fungal disease in wheat growing areas of the world. The toxicity of 8 agents against three pathogens, Bipolaris sorokiniana, Rhizoctonia cerealis, and Fusarium pseudograminearum, was first determined. Then, three agents, Celest, Dividend and Raxil, were screened for mixed-agent effects against B. sorokiniana.
Results: The EC50 of a 1:4 mixture of Celest and Dividend was 0.0372 mg/L, and the cotoxicity coefficient (CTC) was 160.14. The EC50 of a 1:4 mixture of Celest and Raxil was 0.0757 mg/L, and the CTC was 151.75. The results revealed the potential of two mixtures, Celest: Dividend (1:4) and Celest: Raxil (1:4), to protect wheat against B. sorokiniana. In the pot experiment, the best control effect, which was 49.85% and 32.22% at the seedling and adult stages, respectively, was achieved with Celest: Dividend (1:4). In the pot and field tests, the control effects of the two mixtures were better than those of the 3 single agents.
Conclusion: This result indicated that the combination of these agents could improve the efficacy of control of CRR.
The relationship of the shear wave elastography findings of patients with unilateral lumbar disc herniation and clinical characteristics
Authors: wang qingyuan , zhang jinxin , zhang hanqi , zheng hui
Published: July 2019

Background

The aim of this study was to find out whether the shear wave elastography (SWE) findings of patients with unilateral lumbar disc herniation (LDH)were related to clinical characteristics .

Methods

For this purpose,the study group included patients(N=20; 13 male, 7 female) with complaints of unilateral sciatica, with foraminal stenosis caused by one level of LDH (L4-L5 or L5-S1).An gender-and age-matched control group(N=27; 16 male, 11 female) was included.All the patients were examined on both the axial and longitudinal planes bilaterally at the same level using a convex array probe(4- 15MHz,Supersonic Shear Imaging).

Results

The sciatic nerve stiffness measured on longitudinal planes of the affected side(21.3 ± 4.1 kPA) was significantly higher than unaffected side (13.2 ± 2.1 kPA) in the patient group (p < 0.001).Meanwhile,the control group with mean value of 12.7±2.1 kPa(left) and 13.5±1.9kPa(right)showed significantly difference between the affected side(all P<0.05).

Furthermore,Longer duration of LDH symptoms got stiffer sciatic nerves.(r=0.60).Meanwhile,the symptom duration and VAS scores were also correlated(r=0.52,p=0.019),

Conclusion

According to these findings, ultrasound imaging can be considered a useful tool to detect changes in the sciatic nerve due to disc herniation. Patients with LDH have higher stiffness of the sciatic nerve compared to control group.And the longer history of the unilateral LDH,the higher of the SWE findings.This technique will have a promising prospect for many patients with unilateral LDH in monitoring stiffness during rehabilitation and before or after surgery.
Tumor-associated Tissue Eosinophilia Predicts Favorable Clinical Outcome in Solid Tumors: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Hu Guoming , Wang Shimin , Chen Wei , Huang Liming
Published: July 2019

Background: Activated eosinophils have been deemed to affect carcinogenesis and tumor progression via various mechanisms in tumor microenvironment. However, the prognostic role of tumor-associated tissue eosinophilia (TATE) in human cancers still remains controversial. Therefore, we performed the meta-analysis to better understand the role of TATE in prognosis prediction for cancer patients.
Methods: We searched PubMed and EBSCO to identify the studies evaluating the association of TATE and overall survival (OS) and/or disease-free survival (DFS) in cancer patients, then computed extracted data into hazard ratios (HRs) for OS, DFS and clinicopathological features such as lymph node metastasis etc with STATA 12.0.
Results: A total of 6125 patients from 25 published studies were incorporated into this meta-analysis. We found that the presence of TATE significantly improved OS and 5-year DFS in all types of cancers. In stratified analyses based on cancer types, pooled results indicated that eosinophils infiltrating into tumor tissue was significantly associated with better OS in oral cancer, esophageal carcinoma and colorectal cancer. In addition, TATE was significantly inversely correlated with lymph node metastasis, tumor stage and lymphatic invasion of cancer.
Conclusion: TATE leads to a favorable clinical outcome in cancer patients, implicating that it is a valuable biomarker for prognostic prediction for human cancers and clinical application of biological response modifiers or agonists promoting TATE may be the novel therapeutic strategy for patients.
The positive effect of job aids on Patent and Proprietary Medicine Vendor injectable contraceptive knowledge 9 months after training: Longitudinal results from implementation science research in Nigeria
Authors: Dwyer Sara Chace , Jain Aparna , Ishaku Salisu , Okunade Faizah , Uzomba Chiamaka , Adebayo Adedamola , Tobey Elizabeth
Published: July 2019

Background

To increase access to voluntary family planning services, policymakers in Nigeria are debating how to task share the provision of injectable contraceptives to drug shop owners known as Patent and Proprietary Medicine Vendors (PPMVs). Globally, task sharing family planning services to drug shops has been identified as a promising practice, but more evidence is needed on how to support PPMVs in providing family planning, such as injectable services, if policy were changed.

Methods

Data were collected from 194 PPMVs in Bauchi, Cross River, Ebonyi and Kaduna states at three time points. PPMVs were trained to provide family planning counseling and injectable contraceptive services, including administration. PPMVs were interviewed immediately before, immediately after, and 9 months after the training. Three outcome variables were used to represent knowledge of injectable contraceptives: intramuscular deo-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) knowledge, subcutaneous DMPA knowledge, and knowledge of 4 or more of 7 common side effects of progestin-only injectables. Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression models were conducted for each outcome variable to determine which factors affect PPMV knowledge of injectable contraceptives 9 months after the training.

Results

PPMVs’ intramuscular and subcutaneous DMPA knowledge and side effect knowledge was low before the training and then increased immediately afterwards. Nine months following the training, intramuscular and subcutaneous DMPA knowledge decreased and side effect knowledge remained relatively the same compared to the post-training results. Results from three logistic regression models found that PPMVs who reported using at least 2 of the 3 family planning job aids provided during the training had significantly higher knowledge compared to those who reported using one or no job aids.

Conclusion

Providing PPMVs with family planning job aids as part of a larger capacity-building strategy should be considered as they may help PPMVs retain knowledge after training. These results contribute to the literature on task sharing family planning services to private sector drug shops and implications for scale-up.
Partnering with patients in quality improvement: towards renewed practices for healthcare organization managers?
Authors: Clavel Nathalie , Pomey Marie-Pascale , Ghadiri Djahanchah Philip (Sacha)
Published: July 2019

Background
Around the world, many healthcare organizations engage patients as a quality improvement strategy. In Canada, the University of Montreal developed a model which consists in partnering with patient advisors, providers, and managers in quality improvement. This model was introduced through its Partners in Care Programs experimented in several quality improvement teams in Quebec, Canada. Partnering with patients in quality improvement brings about new challenges for healthcare managers. Although this model is recent, little is known about how managers contribute to implementing and sustaining it using key practices.

Methods
In-depth multi-level case studies were conducted within two healthcare organizations which have implemented a Partners in Care Program in quality improvement. The longitudinal design of this research enabled us to monitor the implementation of patient partnership initiatives from 2015 to 2017. In total, 38 interviews were carried out with managers of different levels (top-level, mid-level, and front-line) involved in the implementation of Partners in Care Program. Additionally, seven focus groups were conducted with patients and providers.

Results
Our findings show that healthcare managers are engaged in four main types of practices: 1-designing the patient partnership approach for it to make sense to the entire organization; 2-structuring patient partnership to support its implementation and sustainability; 3-managing patient advisor integration in quality improvement to avoid tokenistic participation; 4-evaluating patient advisor integration to support continuous improvement. Designing and structuring patient partnership are based on traditional management practices usually used to implement quality improvement initiatives in healthcare organizations, whereas managing and evaluating patient advisor’ integration require new daily practices from managers. Our results revealed that managers of all levels, from top to front-line, are concerned with the implementation of patient partnership in quality improvement.

Conclusion
This research adds empirical support to the lack of evidence on daily managerial practices used for implementing patient partnership initiatives in quality improvement and contributes to guiding healthcare organizations and managers when integrating such approaches.
Satisfaction With Use Of Public Health And Peer Led Facilities For HIV Prevention Services By Key Populations In Nigeria
Authors: Ochonye Bartholomew , Folayan Morenike Oluwatoyin , Fatusi Adesegun O , Emmanuel Godwin , Adepoju Tomi , Ajidagba Babatunde , Jaiyebo Toluwanimi , Umoh Paul , Yusuf Ayo
Published: July 2019

Background

To identify the proportion of FSW, MSM and PWID who had accessed HIV prevention services at public health facilities and peer-led facilities, their level of satisfaction with these services and perceived barriers and challenges to accessing HIV services from public and peer-led HIV prevention service providers.

Settings

Four states in Nigeria

Methods

A mixed method approach was used to collect data from key populations in four states in Nigeria. Data collected included level of satisfaction with and barriers to use of public and peer-led facilities. In-depth interviews were conducted to explore reasons for satisfaction with and barriers to use of services. Descriptive and bivariate analysis was conducted for quantitative data.

Results

49.4% of the 482 respondents, and 48.7% of the 485 respondents to the question, had received HIV and sexual and reproductive health services through the public health and peer-led facilities respectively. Significantly more respondents were satisfied with the quality of services provided by peer led organisations than public health facilities. Significantly more respondents using peer-led organisations than those using public health facilities identified no barriers to service access (p=0.003). More respondents using public health facilities than peer led facilities identified cost of services (p=0.01), confidentiality (p=0.002), waiting time (p<0.01) and staff attitude (p=0.001) as barriers to service access. There was no difference in the proportion of respondents willing to discontinue their use of either facilities (p=0.08).

Conclusion

Key populations had better satisfaction receiving HIV prevention services at peer led organisations than at public health facilities.
Decreased abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila after adrenocorticotropic hormone therapy in patients with West syndrome
Authors: Xu Lu , Gao Feng , Mao Shanshan , Jiang Lihua , Song Chao , Zhao Congying , Chen Dandan
Published: July 2019

Background

West syndrome (WS) is a severe epileptic encephalopathy of infancy. The high degree of effectiveness of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) therapy indicates that the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis may be involved in WS, and there is substantial evidence that the gut microbiota (GM) communicates with the brain via the HPA axis. The aims of this study were to determine and compare the diversity of the GM in infants with WS and healthy infants, and in patients with WS before and after ACTH therapy.

Results

A total of 19 infants with WS and 24 healthy infants in the same age range (3–13 months) were enrolled. Fecal samples were collected and DNA was extracted and sequenced on the Illumina HiSeq platform. The between-group differences in Chao1 index (α diversity) and the abundances of GM genera were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test; graphs were plotted using R software. There were no significant differences in the top four dominant GM genera between patients with WS and healthy infants; however, the abundance of the species Akkermansia muciniphila was significantly (P = 0.017) higher in the WS group than in healthy infants. After 2 weeks of ACTH therapy, the abundance of this bacteria was significantly (P = 0.022) and dramatically decreased.

Conclusion

The abundance of A. muciniphila was significantly higher in patients with WS than healthy infants. Further research is needed to clarify the relationship between A. muciniphila and WS pathogenesis.
A qualitative transcriptional signature to reclassify histological grade of ER-positive breast cancer patients
Authors: Li Jing , Jiang Wenbin , Zheng Hailong , Yang Jing , Cai Hao , Guo Zheng
Published: July 2019

Purpose Histological grade (HG) is commonly adopted as a prognostic factor for ER-positive breast cancer patients. However, HG evaluation methods, such as the pathological Nottingham grading system, are highly subjective with only 50%-85% inter-observer agreements. Specifically, the subjectivity in the pathological assignment of the intermediate grade (HG2) breast cancers, comprising of about half of breast cancer cases, results in uncertain disease outcomes prediction. Here, we developed a qualitative transcriptional signature, based on within-sample relative expression orderings (REOs) of gene pairs, to define HG1 and HG3 and reclassify pathologically-determined HG2 (denoted as pHG2) breast cancer patients.
Results From the gene pairs with significantly stable REOs in pathologically-determined HG1 (denoted as pHG1) samples and reversely stable REOs in pathologically-determined HG3 (denoted as pHG3) samples, concordantly identified from seven datasets, we extracted a signature which could determine the HG state of samples through evaluating whether the within-sample REOs match with the patterns of the pHG1 REOs or pHG3 REOs. A sample was classified into the HG3 group if at least a half of the REOs of the 10 gene pairs signature within this sample voted for HG3; otherwise, HG1. Using four datasets including samples of early stage (I–II) ER-positive breast cancer patients who accepted surgery only, we validated that this signature was able to reclassify pHG2 patients into HG1 and HG3 groups with significantly different survival time. For the original pHG1 and pHG3 patients, the signature could also more accurately and objectively stratify them into distinct prognostic groups. And the up-regulated and down down-regulated genes in HG1 compared with HG3 involved in cell proliferation and extracellular signal transduction pathways respectively.
Conclusions The transcriptional qualitative signature can provide an objective assessment of HG states of ER-positive breast cancer patients, especially for reclassifying patients with pHG2, to assist decision making on clinical therapy.
Characteristics of Adult Abdominal Cystic Lymaphangioma: a single center Chinese cohort of 12 cases
Authors: Xiao Jianchun , Shao Yuming , Zhu Shan , He Xiaodong
Published: July 2019

Background

Cystic lymphangioma is a kind of rare benign cystic developmental disease entity, mostly affected cervical and axial regions. Clinical features of abdominal cystic lymphangiomas (ACL) was reported among childhood but unclear for adult ACL. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the clinical characteristics of Chinese adult ACL patients and introduce our experience of treating this disease.

Methods

We conducted a single-centered non-intervention retrospective study of 12 adult ACL patients who admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH, Beijing, China) from November 1984 to August 2017. The demographic, clinical, laboratory, imaging, histologic and therapeutic data were collected.

Results

Detailed information of 7 male and 5 female was available. The mean age at dianosis was 39.1 (17.3) years. The mean duration of follow-up was 6.9 years. Six (50%) patients were asymptomatic and abdominal pain was the leading symptom for three (25%) patients. The cysts were evaluated by ultrasound (n=8, 67%), CT (n=10, 83%) and MRI (n=4, 33%). Theraputic modalities include laparotomy (n=6, 50%), laparoscopy (n=4, 33%) and aspiration (n=2, 17%), with a variable response. Mean postoperation hospital stay was 6.8 days. Complete excision was accomplished among 8 patients and only one relapse was observed during follow-up. One partial resection patients reported disease reccurence.

Conclusions

This is the first Asian cohort of adult ACL patients. Typical imaging features could lead to timely diagnosis and treatment. Radical resection is recommended for ACL with a longer period of follow-up. The analysis of this cohort deepens our understanding of adult ACL.
Risk factors for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Shijie , Hu Bin , Li Yifei , Cai Zhibin , Zhou Yanming
Published: July 2019

Background

The incidence of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) has increased worldwide in recent years, but the risk factors of ICC have not yet been clearly defined. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for ICC.

Methods

A literature search was conducted in PubMed database for eligible studies published from January 2000 to November 2018. Summary odds ratio (OR) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a random-effects model.

Results

Thirty-two studies (5 cohort, 27 case control) were included in this meta-analysis. Pooled estimates indicated that cirrhosis (OR=11.96, 95% CI 7.53-19.00), hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (OR=4.09, 95% CI 3.13-5.34), hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection (OR=3.94, 95% CI 2.85-5.45), alcohol consumption (OR=2.68, 95% CI 1.97-3.66), hepatolithiasis (OR=14.94, 95% CI 6.41-34.83), choledochal cyst (OR=21.67, 95%CI 10.83-43.36), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) (OR=93.91, 95%CI 43.99-200.47), diabetes mellitus (OR=1.82, 95% CI 1.57-2.11), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (OR=2.23, 95% CI 1.65-3.02), liver fluke infection (OR=2.28, 95% CI 1.30-4.01) and smoking (OR=1.26, 95% CI 1.07-1.49) were significantly associated with ICC. Non-significant association was found between ICC and history of cholecystectomy, hypertension, coffee and aspirin.

Conclusions

Cirrhosis, HBV infection, HCV infection, alcohol consumption, hepatolithiasis, choledochal cyst, PSC, diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fluke infection and smoking are risk factors for ICC.
The predictive value of red cell distribution width for stroke severity and outcome
Authors: Shahsavarinia Kavous , Laleh Younes Ghavam , Moharramzadeh Payman , Pouraghaei Mahboob , Sadeghi-Hokmabadi Elyar , Seifar Fatemeh , Hajibonabi Farid , Khamnian Zhila , Farhoudi Mehdi , Mafi Sara
Published: July 2019

Objectives: In the present study, we sought to investigate the association of RDW with stroke severity and outcomes in patients who underwent anti-thrombolytic administration with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). Results: This study was conducted during eighteen months at emergency department. During the time of study, 282 subjects were included. The categorization of RDW to <12.9 and >13 values revealed insignificant difference in stroke severity score, accounting for the mean 36-hour NIHSS of 8.19±8.2 in normal RDW values and 9.94±8.28in higher RDW group (p=0.64). In seventh day assessment, NIHSS was 6.46±7.28 in normal RDW group and was 8.52±8.35 in increased RDW group (p=0.058). Neither the thirty-six-hour, nor the seventh day and 3-month MRS demonstrated significant difference between those with normal and higher RDW values.
PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERIZATION, ANTIBIOGRAM AND RISK FACTORS OF SALMONELLA ISOLATES FROM LAYING CHICKEN, POULTRY FARM AND MARKET’S EGGS IN JIMMA TOWN, SOUTH WESTERN ETHIOPIA
Authors: Taddese Diriba , Tolosa Tadele , Deresa Benti , lakow Matios , Olani Abebe , Shumi Eshetu
Published: July 2019

Objectives

Salmonella is the most important causes of foodborne illness especially from poultry and poultry products. So the aim of this study was to carryout phenotypic characterization, antimicrobials susceptibility pattern and risk factors of salmonella isolates from farms and markets eggs, cloacae swabs of chickens and stool of egg collectors. A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2018 to September 2018. Samples were, processed; salmonella was isolated, Phenotypically identified by OmniLog and antimicrobials susceptibility were carried out.

Result

Over all; 11(2.65%) of salmonella enterica were phenotipically characterized out of 415 samples from farms egg content (n=83), farms eggshell (n=83), cloacae (n=83), market eggshell (n=83) and market egg contents (n=83) with 2.4%, 0%, 2.4%, 4.8% and 3.6% prevalence, respectively. Out of isolates, 8(72.72%) displayed multidrug resistance. All isolates showed susceptibility to Gentamicin, Kanamycin and Streptomycin. Lack of separating cracked eggs, washing hand, eggs stay longer unsold, and mixing excreta with feed were associated risk factors for salmonella presence (p-value<0.05). The presence of drug resistant salmonella enterica within egg/and chicken can pose serious health problem. Good hygienic practices are important to reduce risk factors of salmonella contamination.