bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Forage Offer From a Saline Wetland of Central Argentina (San Luis Province)
Authors: Barbosa Osvaldo A. , Rogel José Álvarez , Lavado Raúl S.
Published: October 2022

Saline wetlands usually suffer degradation processes, so their exploitation require planning to achieve the conservation of the resource. Our objective was to determine the forage capacity of a saline wetland in the east central province of San Luis, Argentina, called “Bajo Las Saladas”. Three landscape units and five physiognomic types were delimited and its extent, vegetation characteristics and aerial biomass were determined. In those areas, species with forage value were: Atriplex lampa and Atriplex undulata (Amaranthaceae), Sporobolus phleoides, Pappophorum caespitosum and Distichlis spicata (Poaceae). Other Amaranthaceae, Sarcocornia neei, was a forage of poor value. Considering the total forage production, its use factor, and the consumption of a breeding cow, it was estimated a forage offer in the saline wetland able to sustain 9 breeding cows per 100 ha. It is concluded that the forage use of these saline areas, carrying out pastoral management on a technical basis, could be an attractive economic option without affecting the wetland.
A Fano compactification of the $\SL_2(\Cc)$ free group character variety
Authors: Cummings Joseph , Manon Christopher
Published: October 2022

We show that a certain compactification Xg of the SL2(C) free group character variety X(Fg, SL2(C)) is Fano. This compactification has been studied previously by the second author, and separately by Biswas, Lawton, and Ramras. Part of the proof of this result involves the construction of a large family of integral reflexive polytopes.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2020) 14M25 · 14M27 · 14M35 ·14J45
Stem cell derived neurosphere assay highlights the effects of infection on human cortical development
Authors: Drydale Edward , Rath Phalguni , Holden Katie , Johnson Thomas , Bancroft James , Handunnetthi Lahiru
Published: October 2022

Defective cortical development is responsible for neurodevelopmental disorders that manifest in childhood and adolescence. However, model systems that can explore the effects of genetic and environmental factors on human cortical development are not well established. Therefore, we developed a novel neurosphere assay that combined recent progress in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) differentiation with advanced live cell imaging techniques to study key aspects of human cortical development. We subsequently applied this assay to investigate the effects of viral infection on cortical development given its established link to neurodevelopmental disorders. We found that viral infection substantially restricted both radial glia growth and neural cell migration. These findings provide new insight into how infections exert deleterious effects on the developing cortex and thus carry important implications for future disease prevention strategies.
The Efficacy of Exotropia and Amblyopia Therapy using Binocular Vision Training and Press-on Prism
Authors: Liang Jincai , Lin Yuchi , Li Bingqian , Yan Li
Published: October 2022

Aims
To study the efficacy of using binocular vision training and press-on prism combined therapy for children with exotropia and amblyopia, and to explore the feasibility of binocular visual function recovery and non-operative correction of exotropia in children with exotropia, and the possibility of simultaneous treatment of strabismus amblyopia.
Methods
Totally 105 Chinese children aged 3–9 years with exotropia and amblyopia were recruited in a randomised clinical trial. Eligible subjects were randomly assigned to the combined group and the prism group, 48 and 57 cases, respectively. The prism group was performed fresnel press-on prisms treatment, the combined group was performed binocular vision training and fresnel press-on prisms treatment. The visual acuity, the binocular function and strabismus therapeutic effect were compared.
Results
After treatment, the visual acuity in both groups was significantly improved compared with that before treatment, and the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant.The binocular monocular function of the two groups was significantly improved compared with that of the two groups before treatment, including synoptophore visual function and the Titumus stereopsis. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant.In the combined treatment group, 42 patients with strabismus were completely cured with a cure rate of 87.50%, while in the prism group, 16 patients with strabismus were completely cured with a cure rate of 30.19%. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant. The lower the degree of exotropia, the shorter the cure time.
Conclusion
Binocular vision training and fresnel press-on prisms combined treatment can effectively promote the recovery of binocular vision in children with exotropia combined with amblyopia, and some children can achieve complete cure of strabismus through this non-surgical treatment. In addition, the recovery of binocular vision in children before surgery can improve the cure rate of strabismus surgery.They are basically the same for amblyopia.
Application of tranexamic acid in shoulder arthroscopic surgery
Authors: Wang Tianci , Deng Heping , Yin Bing , Xiao Zeng , Lu Bo
Published: October 2022

Background

Bleeding during arthroscopic shoulder surgery decreases visual clarity. Tranexamic acid is widely used to decrease bleeding in orthopedic surgery. But the application of tranexamic acid in arthroscopic shoulder surgery is limited. The purpose of this study is to explore the best administration route of tranexamic acid during arthroscopic shoulder surgery.

Methods

A total of 134 patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair surgery were randomly assigned to 4 groups: control group, intravenous group, irrigation group, intravenous and irrigation group. The patients in intravenous group was given tranexamic acid intravenously 10 minutes before surgery, in irrigation group tranexamic acid was added into the irrigation fluid during subacromial decompression and acromioplasty procedure, For intravenous and irrigation group tranexamic acid was applied both intravenously and in intra-articular irrigation. The primary outcome was the visual clarity, the secondary outcomes includes irrigation fluid consumption and time of subacromial decompression and acromioplasty procedure of the surgery.

Result

All 3 intervention groups got higher visual analog scale than control group. Intravenous and irrigation group got better visual analog scale than intravenous group and irrigation group. Control group consumed more irrigation fluid during subacromial decompression and acromioplasty procedure than the other 3 groups. Intravenous and irrigation group consumed less irrigation fluid during subacromial decompression and acromioplasty procedure than intravenous group and irrigation group. There was no difference in subacromial decompression and acromioplasty procedure time between all the 4 groups.
Conclusions: tranexamic acid applied both intravenously and intra-articular enhanced visual clarity, combined intravenous and intra-articular tranexamic acid reached the best visual clarity.

Conclusion

Tranexamic acid applied both topically and systematically enhance intraoperative visual clarity, Combined application achieves the best effect.
A pediatric mechanical ventilation educational initiative in two intensive care units
Authors: Mehrzai Pazun , Höfeler Thormen , Ebenebe Chinedu Ulrich , Moll-Khosrawi Parisa , Demirakça Süha , Vettorazzi Eik , Bergers Marlies , Lange Mandy , Dreger Sabine , Maruhn Hanna , Singer Dominique , Deindl Philipp
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Inappropriate ventilator settings, non-adherence to a lung-protective ventilation strategy, and inadequate patient monitoring during mechanical ventilation can potentially expose critically ill children to additional risks. We set out to improve team theoretical knowledge and practical skills regarding pediatric mechanical ventilation and to increase compliance with treatment goals.
Methods: An educational initiative was conducted from August 2019 to July 2021 in a neonatal and pediatric intensive care unit of the University Children's Hospital, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany. We tested baseline theoretical knowledge using a multiple choice theory test (TT) and practical skills using a practical skill test (PST), consisting of four sequential Objective Structured Clinical Examinations of physicians and nurses. We then implemented an educational bundle that included video self-training, checklists, pocket cards, and reevaluated team performance. Ventilators and monitor settings were randomly checked in all ventilated patients. We used a process control chart and a mixed-effects model to analyze the primary outcome.
Results: Staff members took part in 183 theory tests (TT) and 169 practical skill tests (PST). The initiative was associated with a substantial increase in staff TT and PST performance (CI) (TT: 80 [77.2–82.9]% vs. 86 [83.1–88.0]%, PST: 73 [69.7–75.5]% vs. 95 [93.8–97.1]%), self-confidence, and compliance with mechanical ventilation treatment goals (87.8% vs. 94.5%).
Discussion: Implementing a pediatric mechanical ventilation education bundle improved theoretical knowledge and practical skills among multi-professional pediatric intensive care staff and increased treatment goal compliance in ventilated children.
Quadruple purse-string suture for single stapling technique following transanal total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer
Authors: Mori Shinichiro , Tanabe Kan , Wada Masumi , Kita Yoshiaki , Hokonohara Kentaro , Yasudome Ryutaro , Satake Soichi , Hamada Yuki , Arigami Takaaki , Matsushita Daisuke , Shimonosono Masataka , Sasaki Ken , Kurahara Hiroshi , Nakajo Akihiro , Ohtsuka Takao
Published: October 2022

Purpose: Transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) for low anterior resection requires a secure anastomotic technique to avoid an anastomotic leak. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of a novel technique of quadruple purse-string suture (PSS) for single stapling technique (SST) following TaTME.
Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent TaTME with SST for rectal cancer between November 2014 and October 2020 were enrolled. Clinical outcomes of quadruple or double PSS for SST following TaTME were evaluated. The complete rates of the resection rings based on the status of the resection ring of the colonic and rectal stumps were also evaluated.
Results: In total, 47 patients were included in the study: 27 and 20 in the quadruple and double PSS groups, respectively. Intraoperative adverse events occurred in one patient. The rates of postoperative complications in the quadruple and double PSS groups were 22.2% and 30.0%, respectively. The rates of anastomotic leaks in the quadruple and double PSS groups were 7.4% and 15.0%, respectively. The length of hospital stay in the quadruple and double PSS groups was 13 and 14 days, respectively. The resection ring for the rectal stump was complete in 85.2% of quadruple PSS cases and 70.0% of double PSS cases. The resection rings for both stumps were complete in 81.5% and 50.0% of patients with quadruple and double PSS, respectively (p=0.03).
Conclusion: Quadruple PSS for SST following TaTME is feasible and seems to be a safe alternative to conventional double PSS in selected patients with rectal cancer.
Fatigue failure of lithium disilicate and translucent zirconia crowns with different occlusal thicknesses
Authors: Adabo Gelson Luis , Longhini Diogo , Baldochi Mariana Ribeiro , Bergamo Edmara Tatiely Pedroso , Bonfante Estevam Augusto
Published: October 2022

Objectives: To assess the probability of survival of crowns made of high translucent 3rd generation zirconia (Prettau Anterior - PA), 2nd generation zirconia (Prettau - P), and the glass-ceramic lithium disilicate (IPS e.max CAD - EM).
Materials and Methods: CAD-CAM premolar crowns were fabricated with occlusal thicknesses of 1.0 mm or 1.5 mm and cemented on a metal dye. Step-stress accelerated life testing (SSALT) was performed using 3 profiles: mild (n=9), moderate (n=6), and aggressive (n=3). The use-level probability Weibull curves and reliability were calculated for completion of a mission of 100,000 cycles at 300, 600, 900, and 1200 N.
Results: A high probability of survival was found for all ceramics (87-99%) at 300 N, irrespective of thickness. There was no significant decrease in the probability of survival for all P crowns up to 1200 N (83-96%). EM crowns presented lower reliability than P or PA crowns under the 600-900 N mission. PA crowns showed lower reliability than P crowns at higher loads of 1200 N. There was no significant difference in the Weibull modulus (3.23-7.12). P demonstrated the highest characteristic strength (2483-2972 N), followed by PA (1512-1547 N) and EM (971-1154 N).
Conclusion: High translucent 3rd generation zirconia has a high probability of survival (up to 900 N-load), while lithium disilicate survives up to 300 N load only, irrespective of thickness (1.0 mm or 1.5 mm).
Clinical Relevance: The probability of survival of posterior crowns made with zirconia ceramics has sufficient strength for parafunctional loads, while glass ceramics resist normal chewing loads only.
Rheumatoid Arthritis in Syria: Knowledge and Awareness among the General Population
Authors: Assaad Naima , Khayali Naram , Armashi Humam , Kudsi Maysoun
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease that mainly attacks the joints symmetrically, in addition to other systems. Recurrent attacks result in chronic pain, joint deformity, and decreased quality of life. The aim of this study aim was to identify beliefs and assess knowledge about this disease in the general population. Methods: 1439 Syrian participants completed an online Google Forms questionnaire comprised of 13 true-false questions designed to evaluate knowledge regarding rheumatoid arthritis, as well as questions about demographic, social, clinical, and behavioral characteristics. Results: Roughly 60% of the participants knew about RA to some extent, while nearly a quarter had no prior knowledge about the disease. One third of the respondents were very knowledgeable about RA, a quarter were moderately knowledgeable, 14% had a low level of knowledge,, and 28% had a very low level of knowledge. Conclusion: Knowledge about rheumatoid arthritis in Syria was found to be flawed and lacking. Our study suggests that the general population requires further education about the disease. Health-professionals should take care to better educate their patients, and community education campaigns to increase awareness should address the knowledge deficit among the population at large.
Transposons are a major contributor to gene expression variability under selection in rice populations
Authors: Castanera Raul , Morales-Díaz Noemia , Gupta Sonal , Purugganan Michael , Casacuberta Josep
Published: October 2022

Transposable elements are an important source of genome variability. Here, we analyze their contribution to gene expression variability in crops by performing a TE insertion polymorphism (TIP)-eQTL mapping using expression data from rice varieties from the O. sativa ssp. indica and O. sativa ssp. japonica subspecies. Our data shows that TE insertions are associated with changes of expression of many genes known to be targets of rice domestication and breeding. An important fraction of these insertions were already present in the rice wild ancestors, and have been differentially selected in indica and japonica rice populations. Taken together, these data show that small changes of expression in signal transduction genes induced by TE insertions accompany the domestication and adaptation of rice populations.
Short-time cab speed prediction model based on XGBoost
Authors: Shen Eric Z.
Published: October 2022

Accurate prediction of short-time cab speed is a prerequisite for identifying abnormal acceleration and deceleration behaviors of drivers, which helps to improve passenger safety and comfort. The XGBoost-based short-time cab speed prediction model is studied based on the real-time movement speed of cabs in cities. The cab speed data set is divided into a training set and a test set, a sliding time window is constructed, the time series of historical cab speed within the time window is used as the input variable, and the current time cab speed is used as the output variable. The model parameters are quickly optimized by using the hyperopt module based on Bayesian algorithm to obtain the optimal combination of model parameters, and the prediction results of the model are compared with the non-parametric regression model and neural network model based on the cab GPS trajectory data set of Shenzhen city on October 22, 2013. It is shown that the mean absolute error (MAE) of the constructed short-time cab speed prediction model is $9.841$ and the root mean square error (RMSE) is 12.711, which are lower than those of the nonparametric regression model and the neural network model, improving the prediction accuracy of cab speed; due to the lack of regularity of cab speed series, the adjusted $R^{2}$ is $0.592$, and compared with the other two models, the XGBoost model has a better fitting effect near the time point when the cab speed changes sharply, avoiding the degradation of prediction accuracy caused by overfitting.
Bottom-up accounting of landfills across 346 cities reveals overlooked carbon stocks
Authors: Ma Shijun , Lu Mingzhen , Yang Guang , Zhi Yuehao , Ouyang Zutao , Huang Ningxin , Zhou Chuanbin
Published: October 2022

Landfills, one of the final destinations of all kinds of materials used by human beings, are vital for understanding the carbon cycle of cities. Global Methane Pledge at COP26 highlighted the significance of landfill, which was the third-largest source of methane emissions in the world. High temporal- and spatial-resolution datasets of landfill organic carbon stocks and flows are crucial for formulating national carbon reduction strategies; however, current research is very limited. Here, a quantitative-based solid-water-gas coupling transformation model of organic carbon cycles in landfills was established, and the landfills of 346 cities in China were chosen as the studied case to show its temporal shift and spatial distribution of organic carbon stock and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from 2001 to 2030. In the past twenty years, the organic carbon stock in municipal solid waste landfills in China was 503.3 ± 4.2Tg, with 6.4% and 0.3% of the organic carbon input transferred into the atmosphere and aquatic environment, respectively. The organic carbon stock in landfills has the dual attributes of resource value and environmental impacts, showing significant differences among regions. In the Northeast China and Northwest China, the soil-like resource and renewable energy potential from landfills were higher, while in South China, the methane emission from landfills was greater than that in other regions. Our scenarios analysis finds that raising the methane collection rate, minimizing landfilling rate, and implementing landfill mining and eco-remediation measures can reduce the GHG emissions by 4.6%, 13.4%, and 53.0%, respectively, compared to that in the business-as-usual scenario, by 2030. The GHG reduction by 2030 is 836.2Tg, accounting for 1.1%-3.6% and 1.2%-8.7% of the GHG emission gaps for China to achieve 1.5℃ and 2℃ warming targets under landfill-remediation scenario. Landfills can be potentially a carbon-negative sector if all of the policy-interventions are applied, and thus contribute to the carbon-neutral strategy of China by 2030.
Fishing litter dominates the litter along the beaches of Palk Bay, Southeastern of India
Authors: K Priyanka , B Mghili , P Karthikeyan , K Muthulakshmi , K Rajarajeshwaran , M Subagunasekar , K Prabhu , C Stella
Published: October 2022

Fishing activity is a major source of marine litter on beaches, but most studies focus on recreational beaches. In this study, we assessed the abundance, composition, source and spatial distribution of marine litter on ten fishing beaches along Palk Bay, on the southeast coast of India. We also used social media to collect data on the impact of fishing litter on marine animals in the study area. A total of 4,227 marine litter and their average density of 0.70 items/m2 were collected. Plastic (84.54%) is the most abundant in the study area, followed by cloths (7.46%), glass (5.19%), and rubber (3.47%). From the result, the value of CCI ranges from 6.26 to 25.7 indicating that the coast is "moderately clean" to "extremely dirty". The majority of the marine litter collected originated from fishing activity. The most common are string and cord, fishing lines, fishing gear, floats and buoys. The presence of this type of marine litter can produce serious environmental issues, such as ghost fishing, that impacts a large variety of marine species. A total of 25 of the olive ridley turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) were entangled in fishing litter between 2018 and 2020. Most of the reported entanglements were due to discarded or lost fishing gear, which shows the importance of managing this type of litter in India. It is important to manage the litter related to the fishing activity by educating fishermen and organizing clean-up campaigns.
Effects of Hawking evaporation on PBH distributions
Authors: Mosbech Markus , Picker Zachary
Published: October 2022

Primordial black holes (PBHs) may lose mass by Hawking evaporation.
For sufficiently small PBHs, they may lose a large portion of their
formation mass by today, or evaporate completely if they form with mass
M<M_\mathrm{crit}\sim5\times10^{14}~\mathrm{g}M<Mcrit∼5×1014g.
We investigate the effect of this mass loss on extended PBH
distributions, showing that the shape of the distribution is
significantly changed between formation and today. We reconsider the
\gammaγ-ray
constraints on PBH dark matter in the Milky Way center with a correctly
'evolved’ lognormal distribution, and derive a semi-analytic
time-dependent distribution which can be used to accurately project
monochromatic constraints to extended distribution constraints. We also
derive the rate of black hole explosions in the Milky Way per year,
finding that although there can be a significant number, it is extremely
unlikely to find one close enough to Earth to observe. Along with a more
careful argument for why monochromatic PBH distributions are unlikely to
source an exploding PBH population today, we (unfortunately) conclude
that we are unlikely to witness any PBH explosions.
A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF KEGELEXERCISE IN REDUCING MENSTRUAL CRAMPS AMONGTHE STAFF NURSES IN SELECTED HOSPITALS,GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT
Authors:   Apollo Institute of Nursing, Gandhinagar., Mohan Singh Principal Hari , Debnath Rinki ,   Associate Professor, Apollo Institute of Nursing, Gandhinagar. Group B , B.Sc Nursing Students.
Published: October 2022

A study to assess the effectiveness of Kegel exercise inreducing menstrual cramps among the staff nurses inselectedhospitals,Gandhinagar, Gujarat. Pre-experimental research approach was used with the group pre-test post test design. The study was conducted in selected hospital of Gandhinagar, Gujarat. The investigator used random sampling technique for selecting 30 samples. In the view of the experimental study on staff nurses for reducing menstrual cramps by performing Kegel exercise. Data were analysed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. The mean pre-test pain score was 5.7 whereaspost-test pain score was 2.93.The mean post-test pain score is significantly lower than the mean pre test pain score with the mean difference of 2.77 and calculated t value (t = 18.53) was lower than degree of freedom (29) which was statistically proved at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study reveal that there is significant difference in pain level before and after Kegel exercise.
GASTROPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF CRUDE SERICIN POWDER, AGAINST ASPIRIN INDUCED GASTRIC MUCOSAL INJURIES IN RATS
Authors:   Postgraduation Student, Department of Sericulture, Krishnath College, Murshidabad, West Bengal 742101, India., Nuri Sk , Majumdar Somdip ,   Faculty, Post Graduate Department of Sericulture, Krishnath College, Berhampore, Murshidabad, West Bengal 742101, India., Raha Salil ,   Faculty, Post Graduate Department of Sericulture, Krishnath College, Berhampore, Murshidabad, West Bengal 742101, India., Kabir Humayun ,   RMO, Malda Medical College, West Bengal, India., Chattopadhyay Susanta ,   Faculty, Post Graduate Department of Sericulture, Krishnath College, Berhampore, Murshidabad, West Bengal 742101, India., Baur Gopinath ,   Faculty, Post Graduate Department of Sericulture, Krishnath College, Berhampore, Murshidabad, West Bengal 742101, India.
Published: October 2022

Crude Sericin Powder, derived from the silk gland of silkworm (Bombyx mori) has many biomedical applications due to its antioxidant properties. In this present study , to evaluate the gastro-protective consequences of hydroxyl amino acid rich sericin solution on aspirin induced gastric mucosal injuries in albino rat models were tested following Institutional Ethical committee rules and regulations .In our experiments, 36 male Holtzman strain adult rats were considered and divided into Control group, Crude sericin treated group, Crude Sericin Pre-treated control group, Crude Sericin Pre-treated Aspirin treated group, Omeprazole treated control group and Omeprazole Pre-treated experiment group. AST, ALT and ALP, SOD, CAT, LPO, and GSH were measured of all groups. Crude Sericin Pre-treated group shows increase in UI, GSH, ALT ALP and AST activities, whereas it shows decrease in CAT and SOD activities.
DECODING THE CONTROVERSIES SURROUNDING THE SOURCE PLANT OF MURVA: A REVIEW
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department ofDravyagunaVijnana,Vaidyaratnam Ayurveda College, Ollur, Kerala., V.S Nimmy , K.P Anju ,   HOD, Department ofDravyagunaVijnana,Vaidyaratnam Ayurveda College, Ollur, Kerala., K.K Latha ,   Principal, Vaidyaratnam Ayurveda College, Ollur, Kerala., Surendran Surabhi ,   Research Assistant, Department ofDravyagunaVijnana,Vaidyaratnam Ayurveda College, Ollur, Kerala.
Published: October 2022

Controversy is a state of prolonged public brawl or dispute, usually concerning a matter of debating opinion or point of view.Sandigdhadravya is a term used for medicinal plants having controversial botanical sources in Ayurveda. There are several reasons which lead to controversy of plants. Similar synonyms or vernacular names given to more than one plant, documentation defects and opinion of different authors are some of them. Murva is an important controversial drug used in the treatment of various disorders like intermittent fever, diabetes mellitus, anaemia and so on. It has been observed that about eleven different plant species are considered as Murva in various parts of India. An attempt is done to review and differentiate the plant sources known as Murva.
EFFECT OF RESTRICTING SWEETENED CARBONATED BEVERAGES AND PROMOTING VEGETABLE CONSUMPTION IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS ON CALORIC INTAKE AND OBESITY RATE AMONG STUDENTS
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia., Rhman Alghamdi Abdul
Published: October 2022

Consumption of high-caloric sugar-sweetened beverages can promote childhood obesity and limit consumption of healthy foods. The Texas Public School Nutrition Policy is a mandate promoting healthy school environments by prohibiting sales of sweetened beverages and restricting portion sizes of high-fat foods. This study examined the possible effects of applying the Texas Public School Nutrition Policy in Saudi Arabian schools on students caloric intake and obesity rates. The average weekly sweetened carbonated beverage, caloric, and vegetable consumption of 162,147 Saudi public school students were determined based on the literature. Thereafter, according to prior pre-/post-studies, the effect of the Texas Public School Nutrition Policy on students food selection was estimated. This study found that the policy would decrease students consumption of sweetened carbonated beverages during school days from 5.3 to 3.9 servings/week, increase vegetable intake from 4.25 to 4.7 servings/week, and decrease total average caloric intake from 1,871 to 1,792 kcal/week. Although the reduction in caloric consumption is small (79 kcal/week/student), this policy can be a general strategy for increasing physical activity, improving nutrition, and managing obesity and overweight among Saudi students.
A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF BOX BREATHING ON PAIN AMONG POST OPERATIVE PATIENTS IN SELECTED HOSPITALS OF GANDHINAGAR
Authors:   Principal, Apollo Institute of Nursing, Gandhinagar., Mohan Singh Hari , Chaudhari Hemangi ,   Assistant Professor, Apollo Institute of Nursing, Gandhinagar., E. Group ,   B.Sc Nursing Students.
Published: October 2022

A quasi-experimental study to assess the effectiveness of box-breathing on pain among post operative patients in selected hospitals of Gandhinagar. The study was conducted among post operative patients in selected areas of Gandhinagar. The main aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of box breathing on pain among post-operative patients in selected hospitals of Gandhinagar. The general system model was used as conceptual framework. A quantitative approach with quasi experimental study design was used to achieve the objective of the study. The result shows that box breathing given to the post-operative patients in experimental group, the level of pain was minimized which was assessed by standardized numerical pain rating scale. In experimental group the pre-test mean is 6.08 and the post-test mean is 3, the mean difference was 3.08, standard deviation of pretest was 1.25 and of posttest was 1.38 which showing that level of pain was minimized. In control group, the pretest mean is 6.24 and the posttest is 4.96, the mean difference is 1.28, standard deviation of pretest is 1.45 and of posttest is 1.81. Calculated t value is 5.51 which is more than table value at 0.05 level of significance. So null hypothesis is rejected and research hypothesis is accepted which showing effectiveness of box breathing exercise. This study therefore, offers an encouraging solution towards improvement of post operative patients condition and change in pain score after providing box breathing exercise. The study intends to assess the effectiveness of box breathing on pain among post operative patients in selected hospitals of Gandhinagar. The study reveals that the post test pain score is lower than the pretest pain score.
“Common cause” as a principle of national science in Russia
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Kuznetsov Nikita V. , Sokolov Alexey M. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: October 2022

The article raises the problem of the possibility of updating the foundations of scientific knowledge. The authors proceed from the generally accepted thesis about the “crisis of European sciences”. Analyzing some cultural and historical features of the formation of classical science, the authors note its connection with the specifics of Western religiosity, from which science eventually freed itself. Further, referring to the formulation of the problem by E.Husserl, the authors substantiate the position according to which Russian philosophy, criticizing the Western type of rationality, put forward principles of the organization of science that differ from European ones. The originality of the Russian interpretation of science and scholarship is expressed in the synetic unity of the principles of Truth, Goodness and Beauty. The authors pay special attention to the philosophical views of N.F.Fedorov, which, on the one hand, paradoxically combine the scientific and religious ideas of the thinker, and, on the other, most fully reveal the format of the unity of cognitive, moral and aesthetic ideas. The authors consistently reconstruct N.F.’s teaching. Fedorova, showing that the “philosophy of the common cause”, in addition to radical criticism of the methodological principles and targets of the bourgeois system of knowledge, contain conceptual innovations that expand cognitive and heuristic possibilities. The generally recognized principles of rational egocentrism, formal criticism and pragmatic utilitarianism can be reformatted into conciliar unity and transformative pragmatism, respectively. The conclusion of the article is devoted to the actual implementation of the Fedorov principles in the process of the formation of scientific knowledge and its practical application in Russia. The authors emphasize that during the Soviet period of Russian history, the principles of science put forward by N.F.Fedorov began to be embodied in real life. Soviet cosmonautics became the brightest personification of science as a common cause.
Recursivity and contingency: To the question of governance in the digital era
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Shipovalova Lada V.
Published: October 2022

The research focuses on the question of the governance strategy of an increasingly complex social system. The complication related to the contemporary socio-political situation, which requires the participation of various stakeholders with their knowledge in the process of decision-making. Digital technologies as an ambiguous context and mediators of public communication exacerbate this issue. The author conducts research at the intersection of epistemological and socio-political contexts and implements conceptual analysis of governability and recursivity, revealed, firstly, to the problem of governing an increasingly complex system and, secondly, the conditions for its resolution. The concept of contingency supplements the concept of recursivity. The article consistently reveals the problematic nature of the concepts of governability and recursivity, the dual use of recursivity in political sciences, the ambiguity of the relationship between recursivity and contingency. The analysis of concepts allows identifying the conditions for both the involvement of additional active participants with their knowledge in governance, and their use as passive carriers of information. The author clarifies this alternative through two models of the relation of contingency and recursivity, namely, the “victory” or “defeat” of the first. As an example of how the models work, the author uses a study of citizen participation in city governance through digital platforms. She concludes that the governance strategy, taking into account the model of “victory” of contingency, provides conditions for the recognition of new active participants in decision-making processes.
Features of perishable raw materials stock management at the production enterprise
Authors:   Graduate School of Business, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Ipateva Irina A.
Published: October 2022

This article is devoted to the peculiarities of managing the perishable stock of a manufacturing enterprise. The author analyzes the applicability of the classical model for determining the optimal delivery lot for perishable raw materials. In the work, the systematization and analysis of existing modifications of the EOQ model and their applicability in various situations is carried out, motives, current trends, and types of modifications of the classical model for determining the optimal delivery lot are determined. The methodology used is a meta-analysis of publications formulating modifications to the EOQ model, considering the short shelf life of the stock; at the next stage, using the morphological method, the regularity of the formation of individual models is deduced. Finally, a numerical example is given. As a result, the key topics of model modifications were identified, trends in the constraints introduced into the model were identified.
Future runoff assessment under climate change and land-cover alteration scenarios: a case study of the Zayandeh-Roud dam upstream watershed
Authors: Ahmadi Azadeh , Jalali Jamshid , Mohammadpour Ali
Published: October 2022

In this study, hydrological responses to climate change and land-cover alteration on future runoff in the Zayandeh-Roud dam upstream watershed were assessed. In this regard, land-use maps in 1996, 2008, 2018, and 2033 were generated using Landsat time-series (TM and OLI), Support-Vector Machine (SVM), and the CA-Markov chain model, for analysing the effects of land-cover alteration on future runoff. Second, the Global Circulation Model (GCM) scenario time-series under RCP 2.6 and RCP 8.5 scenarios were downscaled to evaluate the impacts of climate change on future streamflow. Eventually, the HEC-HMS model was calibrated (1996–2018) for evaluating the impacts of climate and land-use map changes. Results showed that the percentage of the urban area and farmland in 2033 compared to 2018 were expected to grow by 0.1 and 2.39% upstream of the Eskandari station and 0.05 and 0.71% upstream of the Ghale-Shahrokh station, respectively, although the percentage of the barren area was expected to remain almost unchanged in both regions. The future stream flow of Eskandari and Ghale-Shahrokh stations in 2033 was expected to decrease by 57–63 MCM (for RCP 2.6 and RCP 8.5) and 295–403 MCM, respectively, where 68–72% and 79–86% were expected to decrease under climate change scenarios and remains are due to land-cover alteration.
Memorias de la fragmentación de la selva: colonización y luchas agrarias en la región del Sarare, Arauca, Colombia, 1960-1990
Authors: Moreno Romero Johanna , Pérez Darío
Published: October 2022

El fenómeno de colonización agraria en la región del Sarare (departamento de Arauca, Colombia) ha sido fundamental para la construcción social del territorio. Las coberturas vegetales nativas empezaron a ser reemplazadas por vías de comunicación y asentamientos que hicieron los primeros colonos, adaptándose a las condiciones ambientales preexistentes, y que determinaron el cambio en las actividades económicas, desde el establecimiento de grandes extensiones de explotación ganadera hasta la expansión del extractivismo, patrocinado por el Estado colombiano. En este artículo mostraremos, a través de la recopilación de información primaria, observación participante y la revisión de fuentes secundarias, el impacto de la colonización en la estructura agraria del Sarare, entre 1960 y 1990, y los relatos locales acerca de la crisis derivada de la transformación de la naturaleza para el beneficio de grandes capitales, una problemática que permanece vigente y se acentúa por las políticas neoliberales y anti-insurgentes de los gobiernos de turno.
Análisis morfométrico de poblaciones larvales de Rhinella arenarum (Anura: Bufonidae) provenientes de ambientes con distinto nivel de perturbación antropogénica del centro de Argentina
Authors: Elías Panigo David H. , Fernández Bellone Ma. del Rocío , Roggio Ma. Angelina , Carezzano Fernando José
Published: October 2022

Se analizaron comparativamente variables corporales de dos poblaciones larvales de Rhinella arenarum provenientes de ambientes del centro de Argentina con distintos grados de perturbación antropogénica. Una se halla en hábitats cuasiprístinos (L1), mientras que la otra corresponde a un agroecosistema (L2). Se tomaron 13 variables morfométricas: largo total (TL), largo del cuerpo (BL), largo de la cola (TAL), altura máxima del cuerpo (BMH), alto máximo de la cola (MTH), alto del músculo de la cola (TMH), ancho máximo del cuerpo (BMW), ancho del músculo de la cola (TMW), distancia internarina (IND), distancia interocular interna (IO), diámetro del ojo (E), distancia ojo-narina (EN) y ancho del disco oral (OD), con las que se obtuvieron 11 índices corporales: IC01 (BL/BMW), IC02 (TMW/BMH), IC03 (TMH/TL), IC04 (BMH*BMW* BL), IC05 (OD/BMW), IC06 (MTH*TMW*TAL), IC07 (IC04+IC06), IC08 (IO/IND), IC09 (E*2/BMW), IC10 (EN/BL) e IC11 (IO/BMW). Los tres primeros asocian rasgos del uso de hábitat, desplazamiento y comportamiento antidepredatorio; del IC04 al IC07 relacionan la influencia de los anfibios en el flujo de materia y energía, y del IC08 al IC11 se refieren a rasgos morfológicos que determinan la dieta y percepción del medio. Para cada variable e índice corporal se realizó un análisis univariado que comprendió estimaciones de posición, dispersión y análisis de distribución. Con base en los resultados obtenidos, se infiere que hay diferencias estadísticamente significativas en seis variables corporales (IND, TMW, BMH, TMH, MTH y OD) y en siete índices (IC01, IC02, IC03, IC05, IC06, IC10 y IC11), lo que permite deducir que ejemplares del L2 influyen más que los de L1 en su hábitat. Por lo expuesto, es posible concluir que las presiones ambientales han llevado a las poblaciones analizadas a un desarrollo diferencial del estado larval, que se pone de manifiesto en cambios en las relaciones morfométricas y  uso del hábitat.
Estado del recurso hídrico en el campus de la Universidad del Magdalena, Colombia
Authors: Aguirre Forero Sonia Esperanza , Carrillo Cantillo Milagros Milena , Romero Isaac , Piraneque Gambasica Nelson Virgilio
Published: October 2022

En la ciudad de Santa Marta  existe déficit de agua potable de 1600 L/día, por lo que desde 2014 en predios de la Universidad del Magdalena se localizó un pozo de agua subterráneo. Entendiendo que la gestión hídrica debe ser integrada al territorio como eje que soporta el funcionamiento de los ecosistemas, el desarrollo de infraestructuras y el entorno social, en predios de la institución se planteó diagnosticar el estado del recurso hídrico y prospectar escenarios de consumo de agua en la entidad. Con metodologías mixtas de Debilidades-Oportunidades-Fortalezas-Amenazas, análisis prospectivo, talleres de expertos, mesas de trabajo y modelo WEAP, se compararon escenarios actual, tendencial y optimista en un periodo de 15 años (2018 a 2032). Los resultados, evidenciaron fallas en sistema hidráulico, carencia de monitoreo para obtener datos en tiempo real de consumo y estado del acuífero, usos de agua sin restricción y problemas de calidad. El valor de pH más alto se alcanzó en (E1) y (E4) con 7,85 y 8,38. Los valores de dureza están por encima del máximo permisible y se clasifican como aguas duras, E3 336,1 mg/L y E8: 347,6 mg/L fueron los valores más altos. El cloruro de sodio y de potasio, tuvieron promedio de 75,6 a 90,8 mg/L, concentraciones, que a pesar de cumplir los criterios de la Resolución del Ministerio del Medio Ambiente 2115 de 2007, son altas, siendo limitante para riego. Respecto a los recuentos microbiológicos en E4 y E1, superaron 3000 NMP/100 mL para coliformes totales, señalando contaminación con restricción de uso y de contacto primario. De acuerdo con la prospección para el 2032, aún con demanda restringida (6,8 %), se proyecta escasez del recurso, afectando el funcionamiento de la institución. Es urgente una política para reducir consumo, monitorear el acuífero y fortalecer la gestión integral del recurso en la Universidad.
Identification of glycerophospholipid species in food and biological matrices by supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry
Authors:   Societes des produits Nestle©, Giuffrida Francesca
Published: October 2022

The analysis of lipid species belonging to minor lipid classes and sub-classes such as plasmalogens, lysophospholipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids is challenging due to their low abundance and different affinity to polar and apolar solvents.Reverse-phase and hilic-based liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry are usually used to identify minor lipid species and classes. However, these technologies require the use of relatively large amount of solvent. In this study, major glycerophospholipid species were identified by supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry (SFC-HRMS) in human milk and infant formula.Phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylserine, lysophospholipids and plasmalogens carry mostly palmitic, stearic, oleic and linoleic acids. Sphingomyelin carries mostly palmitic acid and long chain saturated fatty acids as eicosanoic (20:0) and docosanoic (22:0) acids. Species of minor lipid classes were well detected by SFC-HRMS, showing the feasibility of using SFC to monitor minor lipid species characterized by different polarity.
Current challenges in phospholipid analysis in bovine milk
Authors:   Agriculture Victoria Research, Liu Zhiqian , Rochfort Simone ,   Agriculture Victoria Research
Published: October 2022

Phospholipids (PLs) are important components of milk fat globule membranes. They not only play the role of emulsifier ensuring the stability and homogeneity of the oil/water emulsion system of milk, but also have multiple beneficial functions vis-Ã -vis human health. PLs of milk are a complex family of polar lipids comprising several classes including PC, PE, SM, PS, PI, PA, PG and so on and each class contains a mixture of hundreds of molecular species differing in fatty acid (FA) composition and/or regio-position.Although PL quantification at the class level can be achieved by using NP-LC-ELSD and 31P-NMR, LC-MS (mainly HILIC-MS and RP-LC-MS) has become the prevalent analytical system for PL identification and quantification at the molecular species level. Unfortunately, combining LC separation with high-resolution MS detection is still insufficient to differentiate FA regio-isomers and double bond (DB) positional isomers, both being widely present in milk PLs. Additional techniques such as ozonolysis, UV-photodissociation and photochemical tagging in combination with LC-MS are needed for a complete structural characterization of PLs.Despite the recent progress, huge challenges remain to be overcome both in PL identification and quantification. This talk will discuss these in conjunction with the following aspects of bovine milk PLs. 1) pros and cons of different LC-MS methods in PL identification and quantification; 2) major PL class and species identified so far in bovine milk and 3) utility of Paterno-Buchi photochemical reaction in revealing regio-isomer and DB-positional isomers.
Demonstrating the viability of implementing phospholipases in enzymatic degumming of rapeseed oil
Authors:   Novozymes, Bhatt Chinmayi
Published: October 2022

The efficacy of phospholipases in degumming has been well-documented in soybean oil as a means to increase yields as well as reduce gum volumes. Rapeseed oil, however, remains relatively poorly explored, despite being the dominant feedstock in other regions for refining. With its higher content of metals, phosphatidic acid, and non-hydratable phospholipids, rapeseed oil is often regarded as a more difficult feedstock, practically speaking, to degum enzymatically. This presentation will describe both the standard process and modifications to this process to make phospholipase-assisted alkaline and physical refining as effective (with regards to cost and yield) on rapeseed oil as it has been shown to be on soybean oil. Data from preliminary lab trials on these alternative methods will be evaluated to demonstrate the large potential of phospholipases in rapeseed oil refineries.