bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Screening for Sexually Transmitted Infections in Adolescents with Genitourinary Complaints: Is There a Still Role for Endocervical Gram Stains?
Authors: Subah Nanda , Amanda Schoonover , Jasman Kaur , Annie Vu , Erica Tavares , Angela Zamarripa , Christian Kolacki , Lindsey Ouellette , Jeffrey Jones
Published: October 2024

Study objective: Adolescent females are disproportionately affected by Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs). Endocervical Gram stain smears taken during gynecological examination are inexpensive, relatively easy procedures to perform and interpret. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance characteristics of Gram smears in the diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) in a female adolescent population presenting to the Emergency Department (ED) with genitourinary complaints. Methods: This study was a retrospective, cohort analysis of consecutive females (ages 13 – 19) seen at three academic medical centers over a two-year study period. All patients underwent a pelvic exam with diagnostic testing for STIs. Positive criteria for a Gram stain included greater than ten white blood cells per high-power field, gram-negative intracellular/extracellular diplococci (suggesting GC), or direct visualization of TV organisms. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assays were used as the gold standard definition for CT/GC infection. Direct microscopic visualization of organisms on a separate wet mount prep was considered the gold standard for TV infection. Demographic information, clinical findings of cervicitis, and the results of diagnostic testing were obtained from ED records using standardized abstraction forms. Results: During the study period, 1303 adolescent females were evaluated for genitourinary complaints. A total of 181 adolescents (12.9%) had at least one documented STI. Overall, 298 patients (22.9%) had positive gram stains. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive likelihood ratio for Gram stain in the diagnosis of STI were 28.7% (95% CI, 22.2 to 35.9), 78.1% (95% CI, 75.5 to 80.5), and 1.31 (95% CI 1.0 to 1.7), respectively. The sensitivity of Gram stain to Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Trichomonas vaginalis were 35.9% (95% CI 26.8 to 45.8), 34.5% (95% CI 18.0 to 54.3), and 5.7% (95% CI 1.3 to 15.7), respectively. The consistency of the data recording was excellent, with a median kappa statistic of 0.89. Conclusions: The positive likelihood ratio of inflammation on endocervical Gram stain is too low to recommend its use to direct empiric treatment of adolescents at risk for sexually transmitted infections. Diagnostic uncertainty or treatment failures should prompt specific laboratory testing.
China’s Belt and Road Initiative and its Implications on the Global Power Dynamics
Authors: Daniel Kumafan Terzungwe , Emmanuealla Nguevese Gbaa
Published: October 2024

This work explores the multifaceted impact of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) initiated by China on global power dynamics, economic landscapes, and diplomatic alliances. Beginning with an overview of the BRI's historical context and objectives, the essay delves into its theoretical framework, employing Organski's power transition theory to analyze economic, geopolitical, strategic, and cultural dimensions. The literature review integrates insights from scholars such as Layne, Modelski, Thompson, Huntington, and Nye, providing a nuanced understanding of the BRI's placement within broader historical patterns. The essay then examines the economic impact of the BRI on participating countries, emphasizing infrastructure development, trade facilitation, and technology transfer. A shift in the global economic center of gravity towards Asia is explored, challenging traditional economic power structures. Geopolitical implications and evolving power dynamics are analyzed, highlighting the strategic positioning of China and the formation of new alliances. Global responses to the BRI, particularly from major powers like the United States, Russia, and the European Union, are discussed, reflecting varying perspectives on China's growing influence. The work also addresses challenges and criticisms related to debt sustainability, environmental concerns, transparency, and governance. In conclusion, the paper reflects on the transformative effects of the BRI, emphasizing its role in shaping a multipolar world and challenging existing norms of hegemony.
Growth and Yield of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. crispa) in Varying Irrigation Water Salinity and Leaching Fractions
Authors:   Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Biosystem Engineering, 31040, Hatay, Türkiye, Odemis Berkant , Candemir Derya Kazgöz , Capar Koray ,   Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, 31040, Hatay, Türkiye
Published: October 2024

This study aimed to determine the response of yield and yield parameters of the ‘Cospirina’ lettuce plant, known to be moderate salinity tolerant, to different levels of salt water applications and different leaching rates in the Eastern Mediterranean Region of Hatay Province, Türkiye. Lettuce was irrigated at three different irrigation water salinity levels (EC0 = 0.5 dS m-1-control, EC2 = 2 dS m-1, EC4 = 4 dS m-1) and four different leaching fractions (LF0 = 0%, LF1 = 10%, LF2 = 20%, LF3 = 30%). Irrigation water salinity was adjusted by adding different amounts of NaCl salt to the tap water (EC0, control) with an EC value of 0.5 dS m-1. Plant water consumption (PWC) increased as the leaching fraction increased but decreased as salinity increased. PWC ranged from 7.32 – 10.5 L for EC0, 7.0 – 8.46 L for EC2, and 5.0 – 6.46 L for EC4. The mean water use efficiency (WUEy) was calculated as 31.43 g L-1, 32.12 g L-1, and 34.77 g L-1 in EC0, EC2, and EC4, respectively. Lettuce yield decreased with increasing soil salinity and the leaching fraction. Yield ranged from 182 g plant-1 (EC4LF0) to 282 g plant-1 (EC0LF2). When soil salinity increased from 0.82 dS m-1 (EC0) to 1.31 dS m-1 (EC2) and 2.09 dS m-1 (EC4), yields decreased by 10% and 28%, respectively. Increasing salinity significantly decreased the root length, root width, leaf number, number of commercial leaves, leaf width, leaf length, and biomass, while commercial head length and commercial head diameter remained unaffected.
Microbiological and Physicochemical Changes in Rabbit Meat During Ambient Storage
Authors:   Institute of Engineering and Applied Technology, Bulacan Agricultural State College, San Ildefonso, Bulacan, 3010 Philippines, Gamboa Marielle , Santiago Dennis Marvin , Sulabo April Shayne , Torio Mary Ann ,   Institute of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna, 4031 Philippines,   Institute of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna, 4031 Philippines
Published: October 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the changes in rabbit meat during storage at ambient temperature (30 ± 1ºC) for nine hours. The study focused on two rabbit muscle parts: the hind leg and the saddle, investigated in terms of microbiological parameters such as aerobic plate count (APC) and total coliform count (TCC); and physicochemical parameters such as pH, color, total myoglobin concentration, and lipid oxidation. Data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis at a 5% significance level (p < 0.05). Results revealed that the pH of both portions of rabbit muscle decreases over time during storage. This decrease is attributed to the growth of acid-producing microorganisms, which ultimately leads to spoilage in rabbit meat. On the contrary, color values (L*, a*, and b*) showed an increasing trend in both muscle portions, indicating a discoloration of rabbit meat during storage. Both lipid oxidation and total myoglobin content of rabbit meat did not change significantly during storage, but lipid oxidation varied between muscle parts. Based on the microbiological analysis of rabbit meat, both aerobic plate count (APC) and total coliform count (TCC) increased significantly during storage in both muscle portions. Results of the study suggest that freshly slaughtered rabbit meat must remain at ambient storage for the shortest time, as this storage condition will cause spoilage of meat, making it unfit for human consumption.
Hydrothermal synthesis of bioactive calcium silicate glass
Authors: Xuan Vuong Bui
Published: October 2024

This work presents the synthesis of bioactive glass 60SiO2-40CaO (wt.%) by the hydrothermal method without using acid catalysts in a shortened synthesis time. The precursors Si(OC2H5)4 (TEOS), Ca(NO3)2.4H2O were introduced in a hydrothermal system, and heated at 150 oC for 24 hours. The resulting gel was dried at 150 oC for 24 hours, then calcined at 800 oC for 3 hours to achieve bioactive glass. Several physical-chemical methods such as TG-DSC, XRD, SEM, and ICP-OES were used to evaluate the synthetic material. The bioactivity and biocompatibility of synthetic glass were evaluated by in vitro experiments in SBF solution and in cell culture environment. The obtained results show that the synthetic glass is an amorphous material, presenting bioactivity through the formation of a hydroxyapatite mineral layer after 10 days of soaking in SBF solution, and also showing good biocompatibility with cells L-929.
Role of nanomaterials in modern agriculture
Authors: Bhushan Indu , Mehta Malvika , Sharma Mahima , Chopra Chitrakshi , Chandra Ratna , Mohd Noor Ikhwan Syafiq , Azhan Yahya Muhd Zu , Tripathi Ashutosh , Yadav Arvind Kumar
Published: October 2024

Agriculture is a foundation of several emerging countries, and it is one of the most economically significant drivers. Farmers, consumers, and the environment are all at risk as a result of the increased usage of mineral fertilizers and harmful pesticides. Over the last few years, substantial research into the application of Nanotechnology to boost agricultural productivity has been undertaken. Nanoparticles (NPs) have been discovered to be beneficial as nanopesticides, nanobiosensor, nanofertilizers, and nanoremediation in agrifood production. Nutrients, pesticides, fungicides, and herbicides are compacted with a variety of NPs to facilitate the progressive release of fertilisers and pesticides, resulting in exact dose accessibility to plants. Nanofertilizers improve nutrient utilization, reduce nutrient deficiencies, reduce soil toxicity, and lessen the negative consequences of overdosing, all while reducing treatment frequency. Nanoformulations are used in agriculture to boost germination of seed, reduce nutrient losses in fertilization, reduce the amount of pesticides dispersed, aid water and nutrient management, and. This review also discusses various challenges and concerns about pesticide product development, formulation, and toxicity for ecologically friendly and sustainable agriculture.
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain NSB4 bacteria for treating wastewater for fuel cell application
Authors: Parvaiz Ahmad Dar  , Muhd Zu Azhan Yahya  , Serguei V. Savilov  , Agrawal Sharad
Published: October 2024

Pollutants in water bodies come from a variety of sources, including but not limited to domestic, industrial, municipal etc. Water contamination and energy shortages are global problems that require significant attention. Therefore, it is essential to synthesize sustainable energy and transport waste-free water to the water reception points. Concerns about energy shortages and water contamination have prompted the development of microbial fuel cell technology. Microorganisms are used by electrochemical cell nature of MFCs to anaerobically digest the organic wastes and produce energy. Focusing on a single-chambered mediator-less MFCs operating in batch mode, this study assesses the efficacy of a novel bacterial strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens NSB4, as an exoelectrogen in terms of electricity yield and waste elimination. Results from the strain's electrochemical characterisation showed a maximum current density of 0.4804 A/m2 and a power density of 41.281 mW/m2. Additionally, the columbic efficiency (72%) and COD reduction efficiency (90.46%) were also remarkably high. Growth of the anodic biofilm during the MFC process displayed the crucial performance of the exoelectrogen used. SEM images of the biofilm are also presented in the study.
II Plan de Igualdad de la Carrera Judicial
Authors: Morell Aldana Laura Cristina
Published: October 2024

Los planes de igualdad fueron introducidos en nuestra legislación por la Ley Orgánica 3/2007, de 22 de marzo, para la Igualdad Efectiva de Mujeres y Hombres. La carrera judicial, siempre sensible hacia la materia, no tardó en hacerse eco del mandato del legislador y el 20 de octubre de 2011, la Comisión de Igualdad del Consejo General del Poder Judicial emprendió las acciones oportunas para la elaboración del I Plan de Igualdad de la Carrera Judicial. El devenir de los tiempos y la voluntad de mejora en la igualdad en la carrera judicial nos ha llevado a que, el pasado 15 de noviembre de 2021, se publicase en el Boletín Oficial del Estado el II Plan de Igualdad de la Carrera Judicial, aprobado por el Pleno del Consejo General del Poder Judicial el 30 de enero de 2020. Mediante las presentes líneas, se pretende reflexionar sobre el mandato de igualdad para la carrera judicial, senda iniciada en 2011, pero a la que aún le queda recorrido hasta alcanzar los parámetros fijados por la Ley Orgánica 3/2007, de 22 de marzo, para la Igualdad Efectiva de Mujeres y Hombres.
Novedades jurisprudenciales y perspectiva de género
Authors: Román Lora María Alicia
Published: October 2024

La igualdad no es un concepto nuevo, sino que ya en la segunda mitad del siglo XX comenzaron a surgir tratados y acuerdos internacionales en la materia. Por eso, es necesario realizar un breve recorrido por la historia normativa de la igualdad, para poder entender de dónde venimos y a dónde vamos. Actualmente, contamos con una herramienta para tratar de luchar contra las desigualdades en diferentes ámbitos jurídicos: la perspectiva de género. ¿En qué consiste? ¿Y cómo se aplica? Vamos a intentar dar respuesta a estas preguntas y a analizar las últimas novedades jurisprudenciales en materia de igualdad y perspectiva de género.
Do Energy Efficiency and Technology Boost Sustainable Environment: Evidence from GCC Countries
Authors: Elhaj Manal
Published: October 2024

Sustainable Environment practices significantly reduce carbon emissions by ensuring the continuous use of materials and energy resources, thus making them intrinsically aligned with the underlying objectives of the decarbonization agenda. Technological advancement has the potential to contribute significantly to this shift by streamlining resource flows, enhancing waste management procedures, and allowing more efficient energy consumption. Although Gulf Cooperation Council countries have experienced robust economic growth over the decades, rising pollution emissions and low renewable energy consumption have raised concerns among policymakers about the long-term stability of this growth. In recent years, Gulf countries have paid significant concern to environmental matters and achieved carbon-free development. This study seeks to investigate the relationship between energy efficiency, technology, and sustainability, particularly emphasizing the green economy perspective. Carbon dioxide emission taken as the dependent variable. Frontier Technology Readiness Index reflects the utilization of technology within economies. Energy efficiency is also considered, symbolizing the transition from fossil fuels to green energy due to technological progression in the energy sector. The findings suggest that factors such as the Frontier Technology Readiness Index, the energy intensity level of primary energy, and medium and high-tech manufacturing significantly harm the environment, while scientific and technical journal articles and agriculture significantly improve the environment over time. To improve Gulf Cooperation Council countries' environmental quality, policymakers must understand the factors causing climate change. This study gives policymakers useful information about how to make the Gulf Cooperation Council community more sustainable by looking at energy efficiency, technology, and digital adaptation.
Tourists' Intention to Visit Royal Cemetery as a Dark Tourism Destination: The Role of Destination Image, Self-Congruence, and Destination Personality
Authors: Suhud Usep , Allan Mamoon , Hoo Wong Chee , Azinuddin Muaz , Wolor Christian Wiradendi
Published: October 2024

This study seeks to investigate the effect of destination image, self-congruence, and destination personality on the visitors' intentions to visit the Imogiri Royal Cemetery, Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia. The cemetery is considered a historical and cultural place wherein a few kings and sultans who once ruled Java lie buried. Thousands of tourists visit this place throughout the year, especially on dates that have great significance in the Islamic and Javanese calendars. Data were collected from a convenience sample comprising of 220 tourists in Yogyakarta. Results show that destination image is an antecedent to destination personality, while self-congruence and destination personality each positively relate to the visit intentions of tourists. Conversely, one’s destination image does not predict self-congruence. In contributing to the literature at the intersection of royal and dark tourism, this underpins sustainability in tourist tourism, destination marketing, and consumer behaviour. The implications of such a study are found to fall in line with the United Nations SDGs, specifically Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth, regarding the promotion of sustainable tourism, which brings in income and provides employment; and Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities, due to the fostering of conservation and promotion at the cultural heritage sites.
The Stability of Party Power in Turkey after President Erdogan's Victory in the 2023 Elections
Authors: Ibrahim Sarah Farhan , Jawhar Alaa Mohammed
Published: October 2024

The present research aims to identify the impact of Erdogan's victory on the basic budgets in Turkey and its impact on the opposition parties and the strength of the opposition, as well as on the Turkish economy, as the economic factor played a significant and influential role in the results of the Turkish elections, which led to the rise of the Justice and Development Party with Erdogan's victory. This party has an effect on the political and democratic process in the country. Thus, the investigation includes two axes: the first, political parties in Turkey, and the second, the Turkish elections in 2023 AD.
Isolation and identification of enteric bacteria from different water sources at Mymensingh city, Bangladesh and their antibiogram study
Authors: Chakraborty Dula , Biswas Limon , Acharjee Shantono , Popy Najmun Nahar , Siddique Mahbubul Pratik , Khan Mohammad Ferdousur Rahman
Published: October 2024

The goal of the current study was to separate and characterize the enteric bacteria found in water samples taken from various Mymensingh municipal sources and places. A total of 40 water samples were examined. Through the use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), biochemical testing, staining, and culturing enteric bacteria were isolated and identified. The antibiotic resistance phenotype was examined using the disk diffusion assay. Out of 40 isolates that tested positive for bacterial growth, 3 (7.5%) were identified as Salmonella spp., 6 (15%) as Shigella spp., 14 (35%) as E. coli, and 3 (7.5%) as Vibrio spp. Molecular detection of Salmonella spp. were confirmed by PCR-based detection of the bcfC gene, Shigella species by the invC gene, E. coli by the 16S rRNA gene, and Vibrio spp. by the groEL gene. Furthermore, PCR-confirmed isolates were tested for antibiotic resistance to 12 routinely used antibiotics. All Salmonella isolates were 100% resistant to Amoxicillin but 100% sensitive to Azithromycin. However, varied sensitivity was seen against Cefepime (80%), Gentamycin (80%), Levofloxacin (75%), Cotrimoxazole (74%), and Amikacin (70%). The isolates also showed resistance to Ceftazidime (70%), as well as Ceftriaxone (33%). Shigella spp. isolates showed increased resistance to Cefepime (83%) and Ceftazidime (67%). Additionally, resistance to Amoxicillin (17%) and Colistin (10%) was shown to be lower. In addition, Azithromycin, Levofloxacin, Cotrimoxazole, Ceftriaxone, Amikacin, and Gentamicin showed nearly no resistance or significant susceptibility E. coli isolates showed stronger resistance patterns to amoxicillin (100%), and colistin (93%). Cefepime (72%), Cotrimoxazole (72%), and Azithromycin (72%). The lower levels of resistance to ceftriaxone, amikacin, ceftazidime, levofloxacin, and gentamicin were also seen. The higher resistance patterns were shown by the isolated Vibrio spp. against Ampicillin (100%), Cefepime (81%), Cefixime (72%), Amoxicillin (70%), Erythromycin (67%), and Ceftazidime (67%). On the other hand, isolates with high and moderate sensitivity were found to be gentamicin, levofloxacin, doxycycline, cotrimoxazole, and amikacin. The study’s conclusions point to recent and ongoing contamination of the water sources, putting residents who depend on the water for drinking at risk for gastrointestinal illnesses.
Los astures
Authors: Esparza Arroyo Ángel
Published: October 2024

El extenso territorio en el que estaba asentado el pueblo astur, según las fuentes romanas, apenas permite a los investigadores reconocer unos cuantos rasgos comunes en los que participen todos los enclaves: el castro, como unidad de organización social; las bases económicas; algunos rasgos de la cultura material; y, la ausencia de manifestaciones funerarias.
Los no olvidados
Authors: Gallo Serpillo Facundo David
Published: October 2024

Los no olvidados son aquellas personas cuyas conductas deplorables no han de quedar impunes, pero, ante todo, las víctimas menores de edad que de la noche a la mañana han abandonado sus hogares sin dejar rastro. Bajo este contexto, el libro obedece a un doble propósito, informativo y crítico. Por un lado, presenta un conjunto de observaciones relativas a las desapariciones forzosas de menores en España y su aparente relación con la pornografía infantil online, como parte de una investigación doctoral llevada a cabo entre los años 2020 y 2023; por otro lado, y como consecuencia directa del análisis, pretende arrojar luz sobre un postulado recurrente ante casos de desapariciones en el territorio español, derribando mitos y leyendas alternativas en torno a las características sociales de los pedófilos y su presunta relación con el secuestro de menores. Para aquel que en su momento más desolador se aferra a la esperanza de un reencuentro con quien tanto añora, y para todos los que libran incansables batallas contra el abuso sexual de menores, este libro persigue como resultado buscar la verdad y con ello contribuir a la comprensión para ambas partes del discurso, porque ante estos escenarios está prohibido olvidar. Los beneficios obtenidos de la venta de este libro se destinan a la Fundación Europea por las Personas Desaparecidas QSDGlobal, para el cumplimiento de sus objetivos de ayuda a las familias.
Historical Background and Development of Profession of Pharmacy
Authors: Chennupati V Suresh
Published: October 2024

The profession of pharmacy has evolved significantly from its ancient roots to its current status as an integral part of modern healthcare. Early civilizations recognized the medicinal properties of plants, leading to the development of traditional healing practices. The emergence of apothecaries in medieval Europe marked a crucial step towards the formalization of pharmacy as a distinct profession. The Renaissance period saw advancements in chemical and botanical knowledge, contributing to the expansion of the pharmacist's role. The 18th and 19th centuries witnessed the isolation of active compounds from plants and the birth of synthetic drug manufacturing, revolutionizing pharmaceutical practice. The 20th century brought about significant changes, including the industrialization of drug production, the development of new dosage forms, and the expansion of clinical pharmacy services. Today, pharmacists play diverse roles in healthcare, from medication management to patient counseling and public health initiatives. The profession continues to adapt to technological advancements, evolving healthcare needs, and the increasing complexity of drug therapies, emphasizing the importance of lifelong learning and interprofessional collaboration in modern pharmacy practice.
Peran Guru Dalam Meningkatkan Minat Baca Peserta Didik Melalui Program Literasi Baca Di Kelas Va SD Muhammadiyah Pahandut Palangka Raya
Authors: Ariska  , Mardiana Dina
Published: October 2024

Reading plays an important role in the development of critical thinking skill, analytical ability, and creativity. Therefore, reading interest must be cultivated from an early age so that it becomes a good habit in daily life. In fostering reading interest, the role of teachers is very crucial. Teachers must be able to create literacy programs that are interesting and in accordance with the needs of students so that their interest in reading can be increased. This study aims to determine the role of teachers in increasing students' interest in reading through reading literacy program in the elementary school level. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The subjects of this study are class V-A teachers and class V-A students at SD Muhammadiyah Pahandut Palangka Raya. The data in this study was collected through three techniques, namely observation, interviews, and documentation. Meanwhile, data analysis was carried out in three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study show that there are several factors that affect students' interest in reading, both supporting and inhibiting factors. Supporting factors include adequate facilities and infrastructure, attractive literacy programs, and support from teachers and schools. Inhibiting factors include low interest in reading, lack of support from family, and interference from technology. Although the literacy program has been well implemented, there are still several challenges faced, such as differences in interest and reading ability among students, limited time owned by teachers, and limited reading materials available at school.
MODELOS PREDITIVOS BASEADOS EM MACHINE LEARNING PARA OTIMIZAÇÃO DE ESTRATÉGIAS EM APOSTAS ESPORTIVAS NO FUTEBOL
Authors:   Felipe Diniz Dallilo, Bergo Leonardo Zavarize ,   Fabiana Florian
Published: October 2024

This study presents an investigation into the application of predictive models based on Machine Learning to optimize sports betting strategies in football. The research was conducted using a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, including the analysis of historical football match data and the implementation of machine learning algorithms. The results indicate that predictive models can be effective in forecasting football match outcomes, which can be useful for optimizing sports betting strategies. The practical application of these models can provide bettors with a competitive advantage, allowing them to make more informed decisions and potentially improve their financial outcomes. It is concluded that while predictive models offer a valuable tool for enhancing betting strategies, a careful approach and ongoing evaluation of the models are essential to maximize their effectiveness. The research suggests that future investigations could explore the integration of additional data and the improvement of algorithms to increase prediction accuracy.
OS DETERMINANTES SOCIAIS QUE IMPLICAM NA ASSISTÊNCIA DE SAÚDE ÀS POPULAÇÕES RURAIS
Authors: Guimarães Caio Borges Santana , Moreira Kevin Silva , Silva Rafaela Barbosa , Queiroz Natielly Aparecida Silva , Souza Lívia Barbosa Pacheco
Published: October 2024

Esse trabalho tem como objetivo principal a demonstração de como é realizada a assistência em saúde focada aos povos rurais, além disso, o objetivo secundário trata-se da análise dos estudos encontrados nas literaturas disponíveis. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, utilizando a metodologia descritiva, se enquadrando como uma pesquisa qualitativa. Em suma, a partir desse estudo, pôde-se compreender os indicadores em saúde que são implicados em decorrência dos determinantes sociais de saúde relacionados à assistência em saúde às populações rurais.
Reel Faizlerin Kredi Genişlemesi Üzerine Etkisi: 2013-2022 Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: Gacar Anıl , Alptekin Necip
Published: October 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı reel faiz oranlarındaki değişikliklerin belirlenmiş sektörler üzerinde verilen kredi hacmini nasıl etkilediğini belirlemektir. Bunun için Ocak 2013- Aralık 2022 tarihleri arası aylık veriler kullanılarak belirlenmiş 9 sektör üzerindeki faiz oranı değişikleri ekonometrik analizle sınanmıştır. Uygulama kısmında öncelikle birim kök testleri yapılmış ardından değişkenler arasında uzun dönemli ilişkinin varlığını belirlemek amacı ile ARDL ve A-ARDL yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Sonrasında değişkenler arasında ilişkinin yönünü belirlemek için Fourier-Toda-Yamamota(FTY) testi uygulanmıştır. Çalışmada Lee-Strazichich birim kök testine göre tüm değişkenler birim kök içermektedir. Reel faiz oranı ile tüm sektörler arasında kointegrasyon ilişkisinin olduğu varlığı tespit edilmiştir. Sektörlere ait modellerin uzun dönem katsayılarını elde etmek için CCR, DOLS ve FMOLS yöntemleri ile uzun dönem katsayıları hesaplanmıştır. Reel faiz oranları tüm sektörler üzerinde negatif etkiye sahiptir, fakat her üç yöntem sonuçlarına göre, reel faiz oranlarının tüm sektörler üzerinde negatif etkisi, balıkçılık, imalat ve maden sektörlerinde istatistiksel açıdan anlamlıdır.
Kamu Hizmetlerinin Sunumunda Yapay Zeka Kullanımı
Authors: Aydın Mehmet Sadık
Published: October 2024

Dünyada teknolojik ilerlemeler birçok disiplin tarafından yakın takip edilmektedir. Özellikle yapay zeka uygulamalarının yaygınlaşması ile yapay zekanın kullanım alanları ve nasıl kullanıldıkları konusunda yapılan çalışmaların sayısında kayda değer artış gözlemlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada kamu hizmetlerinin sunumunda yapay zeka uygulamaları konusu incelenmiştir. Devletin görevlerini sürdürürken yapay zekadan nasıl yararlandığı, hangi hizmetlerin sürdürülmesi amacıyla yapay zekanın kullanıldığı ve yapay zeka uygulamalarının taşımış olduğu risklerin neler olduğu incelenmiştir. Önceki çalışmalar ışığında yapılan kapsamlı değerlendirmede yapay zeka uygulamalarının kamusal hizmetlerin sunumunda etkinlik sağladığı, hizmetlerin daha hızlı ve daha az maliyetle sürdürüldüğü bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Ancak yapay zekanın etik kaygıları çok önemsememesi ve hizmetlerin kişiye özel sunumunun kişilerin mahrem bilgilerinin daha kolay paylaşılmasına yol açması nedeniyle eleştirildiği bir diğer bulgudur. Çalışmada literatür taraması yöntemi benimsenmiştir. Ulusal ve uluslararası literatürde hem yapay zeka çalışmaları hem de yapay zekanın kamu hizmetlerinde kullanımını ele alan çalışmalar incelenmiştir. Çalışma ile literatüre katkı sunulması ve yapay zekanın faydaları ve zararlarının incelenmesi ve politika yapıcılara yol gösterici öneriler sunulması hedeflenmektedir.
2010-2026 Yılları Arasında Türkiye’deki Vergi Harcamalarının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Işikman Muhammed Fatih , Dogan Bahadir Sazak
Published: October 2024

ÖZ
Devletler kamu harcamalarını gerçekleştirmek için gelire ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Devlet eliyle yapılacak olan kamu harcamalarının finansmanı için en sık başvurulan gelir türleri arasında vergi gelirleri ilk sırada yer almaktadır. Vergiler sadece kamu harcamalarının finansmanında kullanmak için değil aynı zamanda ekonomik ve sosyal dengeyi sağlamak için de başvurulan gelir türü olması sebebiyle de önemli bir yere sahiptir. İlgili çerçevede, bazı sosyal amaçları yerine getirmek için vergi harcamaları olarak adlandırılan, vergilemede muafiyet, istisna, indirim, erteleme ve mahsup gibi çeşitli uygulamalar da vergi sistemlerinde yer almaktadır. Sözü edilen uygulamalar devletin elde edeceği vergi gelirlerini azaltıcı bir etki yaratması sebebiyle devletin elde edeceği gelirden vazgeçmesi manasına gelmektedir.
Bu çalışmada 2015-2018 yılları arasında vergi harcama raporlarında yer alan gerçekleşen vergi harcamaları ile aynı yıllar için yapılan tahminler arasındaki sapma oranları hesaplanmıştır. 2010-2026 yılları arasında yapılan vergi harcama tahminleri bu sapma oranlarının ortalamasına göre tekrar hesaplanmıştır. Son olarak vergi harcamaları alanında meydana gelen artışın sebepleri üzerine görüşler ifade edilmiştir.
Cybercrime in virtual spaces: An overview of the law in Indonesia
Authors: Zulfan
Published: October 2024

The Internet has the potential to overcome national barriers and facilitate global dissemination of information. Although its benefits are numerous, it also has detrimental consequences that could disrupt society. Engaging in cybercrime is typically required only to create a substantial number of blogs, accounts, applications, programs, and websites on various social and mass media platforms for illicit purposes. Examples of unlawful activities include, but are not limited to, fraud, data theft, unauthorized use of credit cards, distribution of inappropriate content, online gambling, and prostitution, as well as hate speech and extremist or terrorist activities. To address the issue of virtual space crime, the government enacted Law No. 19 of 2016, which amended Law No. 11 of 2008, with respect to information and electronic transactions. However, it is important to recognize that not all people who use the internet have a comprehensive understanding of the legal framework. Consequently, government, employers, and institutions involved in information and communication technology are responsible for educating the public about the law to reduce the incidence of criminal activity in virtual spaces.
Formulasi dan Uji Efektivitas Hand SanitizerEkstrak Kulit Pisang Cavendish (Musa Cavendishii Lamb.) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Seli Asteria , Rahmawati Dewi , Nopratilova Nopratilova
Published: October 2024

Indonesia merupakan penghasil pisang terbesar, seiring dengan tingginya produktivitas buah pisang maka jumlah kulit pisang ikut meningkat. Saat panen pisang, bagian kulit, batang dan daun pisang hanya dibuang saja tanpa pengolahan lebih lanjut. Hal ini yang menyebabkan potensi limbah kulit pisang yang cukup besar sehingga perlu adanya penanggulangan pada kulit pisang agar memiliki nilai baik. Kandungan di dalam kulit pisasang antara lain karbohidrat, protein, lemak, kalsium, zat besi, fosfor, vitamin B, dan C. Kulit pisang juga memiliki kandungan kimia seperti saponin, kuinon, flavonoid dan tannin yang dapat menghambat aktivitas bakteri. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menentukan uji efektivitas hand sanitizer ekstrak kulit pisang cavendish (Musa cavendishii Lamb.) terhadap bakteri (Staphylococcus aureus). Formulasi hand sanitizer ekstrak kulit pisang cavendish dengan konsentrasi 5%, 10% dan 20% dilakukan penelitian dengan metode eksperimental laboratorium. Pengujian mutu hand sanitizer diharapkan sesuai Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 06-2588. Pengujian mutu meliputi organoleptik, pH, uji homogenitas dan pengujian aktivitas antibakteri. Hasil pengujian mutu hand sanitizer pada konsentrasi 5%, 10% dan 20% memenuhi persyaratan standar yang ditetapkan SNI. Hasil uji efektivitas hand sanitizer ekstrak kulit pisang cavendish menggunakan metode difusi agar dengan cara cakram dapat menghambat bakteri Staphylococcus aureus pada konsentrasi 5%, 10 % dan 20 % termasuk dalam kategori kuat.
Formulasi Dan Evaluasi Aktivitas Antioksidan Pada Sediaan Krim Wajah dari Ekstrak Etanol Daun Pegagan (Centella Asiatica L.)
Authors: Yuwanda Alhara , Rahmawati Dewi , Sukma Anjani Fanny
Published: October 2024

Antioksidan berperan dalam menghilangkan radikal bebas yang tidak stabil dan dapat merusak sel-sel kulit serta menyebabkan kerutan. Dalam rangkaian penelitian ini, kami mengembangkan formulasi krim wajah dengan memanfaatkan antioksidan berasal dari Ekstrak daun Pegagan (Centella asiatica L.). Aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak etanol dievaluasi menggunakan metode 2,2-Difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH). Formulasi dievaluasi dalam hal pH, iritasi, daya sebar, dan stabilitas. Tes stabilitas akselerasi dilakukan pada semua formulasi untuk menilai stabilitas pada kondisi penyimpanan yang bervariasi. Semua formulasi menunjukkan daya sebar yang baik, konsistensi yang baik, homogenitas, penampilan, pH sebesar 5,67-6,34 yang sesuai dengan kulit, dan tidak terjadi pemisahan fase. Tidak terjadi iritasi sediaan krim setelah di lakukan pada hewan coba selama 72 jam yang menandakan bahwa krim aman untuk digunakan. Aktivitas antioksidan yang tergantung pada konsentrasi teramati dengan 6% menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 40.8 µg/mL. Hal ini dapat berfungsi untuk melindungi kulit dari spesies oksigen reaktif yang dihasilkan oleh radiasi UV dan toksin lingkungan, sehingga melindungi kulit dari penuaan akibat sinar matahari
Travailleuses sociales en milieu hospitalier : rôles, identité et reconnaissance professionnelle
Authors: Brien Aurélia
Published: October 2024

Malgré la contribution essentielle des travailleuses sociales dans l’épisode d’hospitalisation des patients et des patientes et l’humanisation des soins, des enjeux demeurent à l’heure actuelle quant à la qualité de leur intégration en milieu hospitalier. Certaines résistances à l’inclusion d’une approche psychosociale persistent et contribuent au manque de (re)connaissance de la participation des travailleuses sociales à l’hôpital. Se basant sur l’expérience d’accompagnement sur des unités de soins de chirurgie, l’autrice propose une réflexion critique sur son rôle auprès des personnes hospitalisées et de leurs proches ainsi que sur la structure institutionnelle dans laquelle elle s’inscrit. Par son article, elle vise une meilleure compréhension du rôle de la travailleuse sociale en milieu hospitalier. Elle expose d’abord les rôles que peuvent exercer les travailleuses sociales en milieu hospitalier par la présentation d’exemples tirés de sa propre expérience. Ensuite, les enjeux de cette pratique spécifique, tels que la reconnaissance professionnelle, l’acquisition de compétences et les dangers d’instrumentalisation, seront articulés sous l’angle de l’identité professionnelle du travail social. Enfin, l’autrice présente l’exemple des soins palliatifs comme modèle d’une approche biopsychosociale.
La salle de réanimation : accompagnement de la famille par le travailleur social
Authors: Bureau Geneviève
Published: October 2024

La présence des parents en salle de réanimation, pratique ayant fait son apparition vers les années 1980, est recommandée par la majorité des associations professionnelles depuis les années 2000. Cette pratique a gagné en importance au cours des dernières décennies tant dans son implantation au sein des services d’urgence des hôpitaux que dans la recherche. En effet, les chercheurs se sont grandement intéressés aux éléments facilitant la présence des parents en salle de réanimation, aux bénéfices de cette façon de faire ainsi qu’aux barrières à son développement. Au Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) Sainte-Justine, le service de l’urgence a adopté cette pratique et nommé un professionnel, en l’occurrence le travailleur social, pour accompagner les familles qui souhaitent être auprès de leur enfant au moment de ce passage traumatique en soins critiques. Le présent article se veut un récit de pratique en lien avec la présence des parents en salle de réanimation dans l’histoire du milieu hospitalier. Il y est d’abord question des recherches pertinentes liées à l’évolution de cette pratique. Puis, l’auteur aborde l’intervention que le service de l’urgence du CHU Sainte-Justine a mise en place dans le but de favoriser l’humanisation des soins.
Wearables for the Bladder: Stakeholder Perspectives on Moving Multiple Sclerosis Bladder Dysfunction Interventions Into the 21st Century
Authors: Block Valerie J. , McIntyre (née Wylie) Leah , Sisodia Nikki , Van Kuiken Michelle E. , Suskind Anne M. , Bove Riley
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:

Bladder dysfunction (BD) is common in people with multiple sclerosis (MS) and can reduce participation in daily life. Detecting BD early allows for effective prevention-focused treatments such as pelvic floor physical therapy. Pairing neurotechnology with patient-reported outcomes to remotely measure BD could significantly improve monitoring and treatment of BD. Therefore, we describe the process and findings of stakeholder engagement from a human-centered design process to assemble a wearables for the bladder (WeB) kit.

METHODS:

Four people with MS with varying BD severity, and 5 MS clinical/research experts had 4 virtual meetings. Commercially available bladder tools were graded for ability to evaluate, monitor, or treat BD. The Health Information Technology Usability Evaluation Scale (utility, usability, feasibility) was used for evaluation. Scoring was performed individually and as a group.

RESULTS:

Of the 11 devices, 5 obtained mean scores of greater than 6 of 10 for likability, usability, and device utility. The 2 highest scoring (9/10) devices were selected for the pilot. One device measures bladder urine levels, reporting the number/frequency of voids/leaks; the other guides pelvic floor exercises by pairing games on an app with biofeedback from intravaginal sensors. We uncovered critical differences in experts’ and patients’ appreciation of the tools, and the collaborative engagement led to substantial revisions of initial tool scores.

CONCLUSIONS:

This process underscores the critical role of stakeholder engagement in the selection of digital tools, especially in sensitive domains like pelvic function. Ongoing clinical validation of the selected tools will yield a validated, user-friendly WeB kit that is able to fill gaps in our ability to evaluate BD treatments in people with MS, ultimately reducing the impact of BD on quality of life.
Willingness to pay for colorectal cancer screening: A systematic review
Authors: Nabila Afifa Naila , Kristina Susi Ari
Published: October 2024

Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is crucial to reduce the global economic burden related to CRC. The purpose of this study is to examine studies on assessing willingness to Pay (WTP) for CRC screening and to investigate any potential variables influencing WTP. A systematic review was conducted through databases in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline. The study included 10 English-language studies that evaluated WTP for CRC screening. The study assessed how much participants were willing to pay for the assumed test cost by calculating the proportion of their WTP value. All values were converted to 2023 USD using a consumer price indices calculator and US Treasury converter. This study showed that the WTP value for CRC screening varied from USD 11.07 to USD 658.65. The co-payment rate ranged from 0.15 to 83.73. The factors influencing WTP value includes sociodemographic factors and the screening test attributes. Our study revealed the variative relationship between sociodemographic parameters and test features in influencing individuals’ decisions about CRC screenings. Understanding the importance of both demographic factors and test attributes is crucial for future research to develop targeted strategies for improving CRC screening uptake. Additionally, insights into WTP value aid in shaping public policies for CRC screening programs.
Proteogenomic analysis of air-pollution-associated lung cancer reveals prevention and therapeutic opportunities
Authors: Zhang Honglei , Liu Chao , Wang Shuting , Wang Qing , Feng Xu , Jiang Huawei , Xiao Li , Luo Chao , Zhang Lu , Hou Fei , Zhou Minjun , Deng Zhiyong , Li Heng , Zhang Yong , Su Xiaosan , Li Gaofeng
Published: October 2024

Air pollution significantly impacts lung cancer progression, but there is a lack of a comprehensive molecular characterization of clinical samples associated with air pollution. Here, we performed a proteogenomic analysis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) in 169 female never-smokers from the Xuanwei area (XWLC cohort), where coal smoke is the primary contributor to the high lung cancer incidence. Genomic mutation analysis revealed XWLC as a distinct subtype of LUAD separate from cases associated with smoking or endogenous factors. Mutational signature analysis suggested that Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is the major risk factor in XWLC. The BaP-induced mutation hotspot, EGFR-G719X, was present in 20% of XWLC which endowed XWLC with elevated MAPK pathway activations and worse outcomes compared to common EGFR mutations. Multi-omics clustering of XWLC identified four clinically relevant subtypes. These subgroups exhibited distinct features in biological processes, genetic alterations, metabolism demands, immune landscape, and radiomic features. Finally, MAD1 and TPRN were identified as novel potential therapeutic targets in XWLC. Our study provides a valuable resource for researchers and clinicians to explore prevention and treatment strategies for air-pollution-associated lung cancers.
Accurate predictions of SARS-CoV-2 infectivity from comprehensive analysis
Authors: Park Jongkeun , Choi WonJong , Seong Do Young , Jeong Seungpil , Lee Ju Young , Park Hyo Jeong , Chung Dae Sun , Yi Kijong , Kim Uijin , Yoon Ga-Yeon , Kim Hyeran , Kim Taehoon , Ko Sooyeon , Min Eun Jeong , Cho Hyun-Soo , Cho Nam-Hyuk , Hong Dongwan
Published: October 2024

An unprecedented amount of SARS-CoV-2 data has been accumulated compared with previous infectious diseases, enabling insights into its evolutionary process and more thorough analyses. This study investigates SARS-CoV-2 features as it evolved to evaluate its infectivity. We examined viral sequences and identified the polarity of amino acids in the receptor binding motif (RBM) region. We detected an increased frequency of amino acid substitutions to lysine (K) and arginine (R) in variants of concern (VOCs). As the virus evolved to Omicron, commonly occurring mutations became fixed components of the new viral sequence. Furthermore, at specific positions of VOCs, only one type of amino acid substitution and a notable absence of mutations at D467 were detected. We found that the binding affinity of SARS-CoV-2 lineages to the ACE2 receptor was impacted by amino acid substitutions. Based on our discoveries, we developed APESS, an evaluation model evaluating infectivity from biochemical and mutational properties. In silico evaluation using real-world sequences and in vitro viral entry assays validated the accuracy of APESS and our discoveries. Using Machine Learning, we predicted mutations that had the potential to become more prominent. We created AIVE, a web-based system, accessible at https://ai-ve.org to provide infectivity measurements of mutations entered by users. Ultimately, we established a clear link between specific viral properties and increased infectivity, enhancing our understanding of SARS-CoV-2 and enabling more accurate predictions of the virus.