bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Benralizumab: eficacia y seguridad en pacientes con asma grave eosinofílica.
Authors: Chaia Genny , Martín Ubaldo , Cortés-Telles Arturo , Morett Fernando , Gutiérrez-Mujica José Julio , Zepeda-Gómez Adriana , Hegewisch Alberto , Hernández Rogelio Ramses
Published: January 2021

ResumenEl asma grave conlleva una carga de salud desproporcionadamente alta y cerca de la mitad de los adultos con esta patología tiene un fenotipo eosinofílico. En estos pacientes aunado a la producción de eosinófilos en médula ósea, se activan mecanismos de eosinopoyesis local en tejido pulmonar. Benralizumab es un anticuerpo monoclonal humanizado, que se une con alta afinidad y especificidad a la subunidad alfa del receptor de IL-5 (IL-5Rα) sobre la superficie de eosinófilos y otras células. El principal diferenciador de su mecanismo de acción se relaciona con la remoción de un residuo de fucosa en la Fc, lo cual incrementa hasta 50 veces la afinidad a células NK con apoptosis de eosinófilos mediante citotoxicidad celular dependiente de anticuerpos (CCDA), resultando en una reducción rápida y cercana al 100% tanto en suero como en médula ósea. Adicionalmente, benralizumab reduce >90% de los eosinófilos en tejido pulmonar y esputo. En diversos estudios clínicos controlados y en vida real se ha demostrado que esto se traduce en incremento actual del control del asma y disminución del riesgo futuro. El perfil de seguridad es adecuado sin haberse documentado infestaciones parasitarias ni efectos adversos a largo plazo relacionados con la reducción de los eosinófilos. Abstract Severe asthma carries a disproportionately high health burden and about half of adults with this pathology have an eosinophilic phenotype. In these patients, in addition to the production of eosinophils in bone marrow, local eosinopoiesis mechanisms are activated in lung tissue. Benralizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody, which joins with high affinity and specificity to the alpha subunit of the IL-5 receptor (IL-5Rα) on the surface of eosinophils and other cells. The main differentiator of its mechanism of action is related to the removal of a fucose residue in Fc, which increases up to 50 times the affinity to NK cells with eosinophil apoptosis by antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (CCDA), that leads to a direct, rapid and nearly complete depletion in both peripheral blood and bone marrow. Additionally, benralizumab reduces >90% of eosinophils in lung tissue and sputum. Several controlled and real-life clinical studies have shown that this action over eosinophils is related to increased asthma control and decreased future risk. The safety profile is adequate without documenting parasitic infestations or long-term adverse effects related to the reduction of eosinophils.
Sistem Informasi Persediaan Barang Berbasis Web Pada PT. Wirausaha Muda Mandiri Jakarta
Authors: Mulyadi Mulyadi , Nandi Susila Mochamad
Published: January 2021

Persediaan barang merupakan salah satu kegiatan penting dalam setiap perusahaan, terutama yang bergerak dibidang perdagangan. Dalam kesehariannya diperlukan pencatatan data-data transaksi dalam persediaan barang serta untuk membantu dalam mengelola persediaan barang maka diperlukan dukungaan sistem informasi yang baik. PT. Wirausaha Muda Mandiri adalah perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang perdangangan umum dan jasa EO (event organizer). Sistem persediaan barang sampai saat ini masih sangat sederhana dalam pencatatan persediaan barang seperti data barang masuk dan keluar, ketersediaan barang digudang dan juga dalam penyajian laporan, sehingga sering timbul masalah seperti terjadinya selisih dalam stok barang digudang, lamanya pencarian data karena ketika membutuhkan ketersediaan barang harus membuka dokumen secara satu persatu, untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, maka diperlukan suatu sistem modern yang sesuai untuk mendukung kemajuan dan perkembangan perusahaan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu merancang suatu sistem informasi untuk memaksimalkan sistem yang sudah ada dengan menggunakan metode pengembangan perangkat lunak waterfall dan dukungan bahasa pemrograman PHP, serta Mysql server. Dengan memanfaatkan sistem yang sudah terkompterisasi dalam sebuah pemrograman ini secara tepat, kinerja pengawai atau kontrol terhadap pemrosesan persediaan barang menjadi lebih baik dan mudah dalam melakukan proses persediaan barang
Optimalisasi Smart Blind Stick Dengan Atmega 328
Authors: Khakim Lukmanul , Rakhman Arif
Published: January 2021

Mata merupakan panca indera yang sangat penting untuk makhluk hidup, terutama untuk manusia. Dengan mata, seseorang dapat melihat beberapa benda, keindahan alam yang berada disekelilingnya. Jika manusia memiliki kekurangan fungsi pada panca indera terutama mata, maka akan sangat mengganggu aktifitas, manusia akan kesulitan untuk mengetahui benda atau sejenisnya, hal ini akan mengakibatkan luka atau cidera jika menabrak atau tersandung benda yang berada di depannya, oleh sebab itu didalam penelitian ini akan dibahas tentang suatu alat bantu yang berbasis mikrokontroller dan sensor ultrasonik disertai dengan motor getar di mana alat tersebut akan dirancang untuk membantu memberikan informasi kepada manusia jika di depannya ada benda. Informasi yang diberikan dari alat tersebut adalah suara dan disertai dengan getaran. Dari hasil pengujian alat tersebut didapatkan hasil jika jarak alat dengan benda di depannya berjarak 105cm suara akan mulai berbunyi disertai getar dengan waktu jeda 1detik, dan pada jarak 15cm suara akan berbunyi panjang disertai getar, bunyi panjang dan getar akan berpindah menjadi dijeda jika jarak alat dengan benda lebih dari 15cm.
Pengembangan Platform Pembelajaran Elektronik Untuk Mendukung Industri Kreatif (Creative E-Learning) Menggunakan Framework Open Source
Authors: Yudhistira Yusuf , Mukrodin Mukrodin , Nabyla Fuaida
Published: January 2021

Tujuan umum dari penelitian ini yaitu menghasilkan suatu model dan rancangan platform pembelajaran elektronik (e-learning platform) yang dapat digunakan oleh semua kalangan. Tujuan khusus pada penelitian ini adalah menggunakan platform pembelajaran tersebut untuk meningkatkan proses pembelajaran di bidang industri kreatif (creative e-learning platform). Pengembangan dilakukan di atas framework dan teknologi open source sehingga untuk mengadopsi platform pembelajaran kreatif ini tidak dibutuhkan biaya lisensi yang mahal. Sifat pengembangan yang open-source juga memudahkan pengembangan lebih lanjut tanpa melanggar hak cipta. Pengembangan tersebut memungkinkan juga kustomisasi pada platform pembelajaran untuk disesuaikan dengan situasi dan kondisi dari pengguna. Universitas Peradaban merupakan perguruan tinggi baru, memiliki potensi untuk berkembang terutama dalam penelitian di bidang TIK (Teknik Informatika dan Komputer). Terletak di daerah kabupaten/perkotaan kecil dengan posisi yang strategis, Universitas Peradaban dapat menjadi pusat pengembangan riset terpadu yang menjadi basis untuk pemerataan pendidikan dan pembangunan sumber daya manusia agar tidak terpusat pada kota-kota besar. Penelitian ini akan menggunakan metode pengembangan perangkat lunak berbasis objek dengan metodologi Unified Process (UP) dan pemodelan menggunakan Unified Modelling Language (UML). Menurut Jim Arlow dan Ila Neustadt [1], UP dan UML merupakan pengembangan perangkat lunak terkini yang tidak memisahkan antara data dan proses, bersifat iteratif dan inkremental, serta berfokus pada arsitektur.
Assessing the Mixed or Generic Feminine as an Inclusive Language Strategy
Authors: Pires Mat
Published: January 2021

Proposed grammatical gender-neutral language practices employing rephrasing, binomials, or abbreviated double forms are unlikely to achieve general acceptance or durably modify the linguistic system given their unusual graphical features, variable treatment of speech and writing, heavy processing requirements, increased volume, and overall complexity. In contrast, use of the feminine for mixed reference is well established for female-dominated professions such as nurse, draws on established linguistic resources, and preserves correspondance between written and spoken language. We provide examples of this strategy in several languages and discuss its advantages and shortcomings.
Social-Philosophical Perspectives of Unconditional Basic Income
Authors: Pavlov Alexander V.
Published: January 2021

The article considers the problem of universal basic income (regular monetary payment to each person regardless of his financial or employment status). The author believes that this topic can become one of the most relevant for social-philosophical research. The author notes that although the problem has been of concern to philosophers and scientists for a long time, it has become especially relevant only recently – over the past ten years. The following reasons are given as an explanation: (a) recent experiments on the introduction of a universal basic income in Western countries, (b) the trend toward automation and technologization, (c) the transformation of the economy, which is becoming more and more precarious. The author notes that the topic of universal basic income has become relevant even in Russian science, however, not in social philosophy, as in the West, but mainly in economics. The author argues that, since the discussion about basic income in the economic dimension has already taken place, it should be expanded to the field of social philosophy. To do this, the author raises a number of questions that will shed light on the social-philosophical nature of the problem of universal basic income – freedom, justice, welfare state, etc. Special attention is paid to the curious ideological transformations that became possible by the emergence of topic of basic income. First of all, basic income contributes to the formation of new ideologies, such as post-capitalism. Secondly, basic income itself can be considered as a new ideology, which is a synthesis of other ideological trends – libertarianism, feminism, Marxism, etc. Thirdly, post-capitalism, which emphasizes basic income, opens up much more significant problems than replacing labor and turning all people into a precariat. The author hopes that this paper will serve as the beginning of the discussion of the issue of basic income in the context of social-philosophical knowledge.
Lyrics and Existence in Scientific and Poetic Knowledge
Authors: Morkina Julia S.
Published: January 2021

In the article, science and poetry, scientific and poetic creativity are considered as part of human culture. It is shown that both scientific and poetic activities are loaded with cognitive content. At the same time, if the thesis about the cognitive orientation of science is not in doubt, then the connection of art with knowledge is not so obvious and needs explication. Poetry is considered as cultural phenomena that are directly related to knowledge, to the cognitive component of human activity. Poetry and science can be compared on the basis of their direct relationship to the emotional environment of human existence and the existential feelings experienced by the subject of knowledge. In the article, we evaluate the concept of intellectual emotion, which was introduced by members of the Kharkiv linguistic school for the analysis of human cognitive activity in culture. For analysis of existential feelings, we review the conditions of self-awareness of both scientific and poetic activity. Special attention is paid to the analysis of apperception of the complex poetic contents of the consciousness of both poet and reader-interpreter as his co-author. Considering the views of E. Husserl and A. Bergson as well as the views of members of the Kharkiv linguistic school, we discuss the theoretical and cognitive aspect of poetic creativity. In the article, we conclude about a person’s holistic perception of knowledge, which is not only appercepted by the human mind but also affects his emotional sphere. We have shown that there are intellectual emotions involved in the consciousness of a person who solves a complex scientific or philosophical problem as well as perceiving poetry that has an cognitive aspect. We also concluded that existential emotions and feelings play a significant role in cognition. Therefore, knowledge can be not only scientific or philosophical but also poetic, and in the latter form of knowledge the existential aspects are more clearly manifested.
GRAMMATICAL ERRORS IN STUDENTS’ WRITING: DESCRIPTIVE STUDY ON GRADE 7 STUDENTS
Authors: Lestari Indri Ayu , Juliansyah Juliansyah - , Pratama Yoga
Published: January 2021

Grammatical error is difficult to be avoided by every learner. Grade 7 students in class observed are smart enough. Yet, they frequently make grammatical errors in the sentences when they write essay. Because of that, analyzing the errors in writing is one of appropriate ways to know student’s ability. In this research, the researchers ask the students to make descriptive text or essay. There are 7 titles of essay that each student can choose. There are only 7 texts that the researchers analyze in which each text represents different title of text. To analyze the texts, the researchers use Corder’s theory which focuses on 4 types of error, namely: (1) Error of Omission, (2) Error of Selection, (3) Error of Addition, and (4) Error of Ordering. The highest percentage of error is Error of omission that takes 45.28%. Error of Selection, Error of Addition, and Error or Ordering follow with 33.96%, 18.87%, and 1.88%. Based on the analysis, the reasons of why the students make errors are: (1) the students do not master grammar in detail, (2) the students forget the grammar rules though they have learnt it, and (3) the students have limited vocabularies. Further studies need to be conducted for more detail findings.
Behavior of lead and selenium during leaching of slurry by solution of trylon B at sulfuric acid workshop of Balkhsh copper production plant
Authors:   JSC «Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation», Linnik K. A. , Sharipova A. S. , Zagorodnyaya A. N. , Akchulakova S. T.
Published: January 2021

The results of experiments for the study of behavior of lead and selenium during the leaching process of slurry by a solution of trylon B depending on parameters typical for hydrometallurgical processes and their ranges are presented. It has been found out that trylon B practically completely extracts lead into the solution, selenium is concentrated in cake. However, the process is accompanied by precipitation of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (C10H16N2O8). Selenium-containing substances were determined in slurry and cakes.
Online Marketing vs Direct Selling, Siapa yang Unggul?
Authors: Ayu Adinda
Published: January 2021

The rapid development of technology has an effect on buying and selling activities. In addition to directly visiting the store we can carry out buying and selling transactions at home only with intermediaries gadget and internet. There are advantages and disadvantages of each of these transactions. Not a few buyers and sellers are made losses because they are not careful in making transactions whether it is online or offline. The purpose of this article is for readers to know the strengths and weaknesses of each method of transaction so that they do not have to meet with losses while making transactions. Helping to make sure when to do transactions online or offline is also one of the goals so that it gets efficiency in buying and selling transactions.
The ANALYZING THE ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEM SALES CASH IN IMPROVE THE EFECTIVITY SALES
Authors: Mauliyah Nur Ika
Published: January 2021

The  aims of this research are: Analyzing the Accounting System of cash sales implemented at UD. Tani Mulyo with Accounting System whether it is appropriate theory. This research is a case study (1) Describing the cash sales activities and describing functions, procedures, documents, accounting records for cash sales, (2) Provide comparisons to Accounting Information System applied to SIA according to the theory adapted (3) Create Flowchart in accordance with existing procedures. Based on the analysis it could be concluded that: (1) The existence of overlapping tasks and responsibilities in the work on related functions. (2) The absence of Accounting Information System and Flowchart. (3) Document usage and accounting records in the accounting system is still simple and manual. (4) Although the sales are done smoothly, but in accordance with the system and procedures appropriate for use in the company will further improve the effectiveness of the sales activities. With the increase in sales effectiveness, the company's results are also increasing.
RELASI PUSAT-DAERAH DALAM MENANGANI COVID-19 DI INDONESIA
Authors: Santoso Tulus
Published: January 2021

The issue of decentralization has become significant in the handling of COVID-19, especially for countries with large island territories and heterogeneous communities such as Indonesia. This paper presents an analysis of the relationship between the center and the local in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia by conducting literature studies through books, journals, mass media articles, and sources from the internet. Initially, relations between the center and the regions in tackling COVID-19 showed a strong centralization of authority by the central government. In the end, local governments get a proportional role but still make the government conductor in policy orchestration. Synergies between the central and local governments will be the key to success in dealing with COVID-19 in Indonesia. However, cooperation must build within the framework of the unitary state of the Republic of Indonesia.
Conceptual and theoretical framework of multilateral diplomacy of Chile (1990—2017)
Authors: Zimin Roman
Published: January 2021

The article studies the key concepts and theories that had been forming the basis of Chilean multilateral diplomacy in 1990-2017. The author describes the essential pillars of Chilean foreign policy towards international organizations and offers its structured model-scheme which allows getting the systematic understanding of the related phenomena.
Penghentian Konsumsi Alkohol Pada Remaja Dengan Langkah Menerapkan Germas
Authors: Putri Laurent Nadia Asmoro
Published: January 2021

GERMAS adalah sebuah gerakan yang bertujuan untuk memasyarakatkan budaya hidup sehat serta meninggalkan kebiasaan dan perilaku masyarakat yang kurang sehat. Aksi GERMAS ini juga diikuti dengan memasyarakatkan perilaku hidup bersih sehat dan dukungan untuk program infrastruktur dengan basis masyarakat.Perilaku konsumsi alkohol kini sudah menjadi kebiasaan semua komunitas baik di dunia maupun di Indonesia, tidak heran apabila alkohol kini mulai merambah ke generasi muda, terutama remaja. Rasa ingin mencoba hal baru yang dimiliki remaja kini mendorong remaja untuk mengkonsumsi alkohol. Tentu saja hal ini dapat merusak mental maupun psikis dari remaja itu sendiri. Penyalahgunaan minuman keras saat ini merupakan permasalahan yang cukup berkembang di dunia remaja dengan prevalensi yang sangat tinggi. sebesar 61,7% dari penduduk berusia 15 tahun atau lebih tua (15+) di seluruh dunia pernah minum alkohol dalam 12 bulan terakhir, bahkan sekitar 16,0% adalah peminum berat.
“MODAL SOSIAL AGEN LAYANAN TERPERCAYA UNTUK PRODUK FASHION DAN KOSMETIK YANG DI IMPOR “
Authors: Wisahra Anika
Published: January 2021

“MODAL SOSIAL AGEN LAYANAN TERPERCAYAUNTUK PRODUK FASHION DAN KOSMETIK YANG DI IMPOR “
GERMAS Program Penyuksesan Penghentian Konsumsi Rokok pada Remaja
Authors: Ananda Sheren Mega Fitri
Published: January 2021

Germas adalah sebuah Gerakan yang dibuat oleh pemerintah dengan tujuan untuk membudayakan hidup sehat dikalangan masyarakat. Program GERMAS ini terbentuk karena banyaknya perilaku atau kebiasaan tidak sehat. Perilaku atau kebiasaan tidak sehat sangat banyak dijumpai di kalangan remaja. Merokok adalah kegiatan yang paling sering kita jumpai, bahkan perilaku merokok dikalangan remaja dijadikan identitas kejantanan dan kedewasaan bagi remaja pria. Disinilah program sosialisasi GERMAS dijalankan dengan edukasi yang menarik dan pemanfaatan media sosial sebagai sasaran utama media sebagai penyampaian edukasi bahaya merokok pada kalangan remaja.
A NEW COORDINATE FOR PELAGIC AVIAN NAVIGATION
Authors: Morley David
Published: January 2021

A new, previously uninvestigated, candidate for a navigational coordinate is put forward. If accepted this would make the process by which ocean birds navigate understandable. There is no direct experimental evidence to support this at the moment, but "Theory guides but experiments decide"
Hidayati, R. 2016. Dinamika Pasar Produk Pangan Segar Analisis Skenario Perubahan Pola Konsumsi Masyarakat Urban Di Indonesia. Jurnal Pusdiklat Perdagangan Vol. 2 No 1 Juli 2016 (67-77)
Authors: Hidayati Ratnaningsih
Published: January 2021

Pasar produk pangan segar di Indonesia dewasa ini tidak lagi didominasi oleh pasar-pasar tradisional terutama di daerah perkotaan. Beberapa faktor sosial ekonomi telah membawa perubahan pada pola konsumsi masyarakat. sehingga hal ini tentu membawa pengaruh pada cara produksi, pengolahan serta perdagangan produk-produk tersebut. Tujuan penulisan makalah ini adalah untuk melakukan identifikasi pada faktor-faktor pemicu dan tren konsumsi yang muncul di masyarakat. Kajian dilakukan dengan metode analisis skenario (scenario analysis). Hasil kajian menunjukkan beberapa faktor pemicu terjadinya dinamika dalam pemasaran produk pertanian (hortikultura) yaitu pemicu global, Perubahan pada permintaan dan pengetahuan konsumen, Liberalisasi dan deregulasi serta Teknologi informasi. Sedangkan tren yang muncul dari faktor-faktor pemicu tersebut adalah Jumlah konsumen yang semakin banyak dengan pendapatan yang meningkat, Segmentasi pasar yang semakin jelas dan munculnya segmen pasar baru yang meninggalkan cara belanja “tradisional”, Dominasi oleh beberapa pelaku pasar dan Produk pertanian yang dilengkapi dengan informasi yang lebih detail
Marshall UAS
Authors: George Marshall
Published: January 2021

UAS PERTEKOM MARSHALL GEORGE
Hidayati, R. 2016. Video Production Process As A Learning Tool To Increase Training Participants' Learning Motivation in Achieving Learning Goal A Case Study of Diklat Prajabatan Golongan III Year 2015 At Pusdiklat Perdagangan. Cendekia Niaga Vol 1 No. 1 Desember 2016 (110-113)
Authors: Hidayati Ratnaningsih
Published: January 2021

Nationalism is one of the subjects taught in Prajabatan Training. In this paper, a new method was introduced utilize advance technology to produce video about nationalism. The video was produced by training participant. This paper was aimed to explore the effect of using video production for assessing the training participant’s learning motivation to achieve learning goal. Result shows that the use of new method was positively influence the learner motivation in understanding the subject and achieving learning goal. This method was considered very appropriate to teach Nationalism subject. Learners are satisfied with the learning experience gained from this process. Thus learning motivation is consequently enhanced.
On the physical constraints for the exceeding probability of deep water rogue waves
Authors: da Silva Mendes Saulo Matusalem , Scotti Alberto , Stansell Paul
Published: January 2021

Nearly four decades have elapsed since the first efforts to obtain a realistic narrow-banded model for extreme wave crests and heights were made, resulting in a couple dozen different exceeding probability distributions. These models reflect results of numerical simulations and storm records measured off of oil platforms, buoys and more recently satellite data. Nevertheless, no consensus has been achieved in either deterministic or operational approaches. Moreover, a minor issue with the established distributions is that they are not bounded by more than one physical limit while others are not bounded at all. Though the literature is rich in physical bounds for single waves, here we describe physical limits for the ensemble of waves that have not yet been addressed. As previous studies have shown, the exceeding probability distribution does not depend unequivocally on one sea state parameter, thus, this work supplies a combination of sea state parameters that provide guidance on the sea state influence on rogue wave occurrence. Based on specific bounds, we conjecture the dependence of the expected maximum of normalized wave heights (also known as abnormality index) and crests on the aforementioned sea-state parameters instead of the total number of waves in the wave record. Finally, we introduce a new dimensionless parameter that is capable of explaining the uneven distribution of rogue waves in the different storms pointed out by Stansell(2004).
Mathematical foundations of moral preferences
Authors: Capraro Valerio , Perc Matjaz
Published: January 2021

One-shot anonymous unselfishness in economic games is commonly explained by social preferences, which assume that people care about the monetary payoffs of others. However, during the last ten years, research has shown that different types of unselfish behaviour, including cooperation, altruism, truth-telling, altruistic punishment, and trustworthiness are in fact better explained by preferences for following one's own personal norms -- internal standards about what is right or wrong in a given situation. Beyond better organising various forms of unselfish behaviour, this moral preference hypothesis has recently also been used to increase charitable donations, simply by means of interventions that make the morality of an action salient. Here we review experimental and theoretical work dedicated to this rapidly growing field of research, and in doing so we outline mathematical foundations for moral preferences that can be used in future models to better understand selfless human actions and to adjust policies accordingly. These foundations can also be used by artificial intelligence to better navigate the complex landscape of human morality.
Movement Workshop
Authors: Cuijpers Laura
Published: January 2021

I developed this workshop for students to explore theoretical concepts of motor development and learning through movement, which fits with the recent interest in embodied social cognition in cognitive sciences. Rather than just reading and thinking about movement, I encourage students to explore and experience the embodied processes of motor learning.
Red state, blue state: The polarizing influence of color in political maps
Authors: Furrer Remy , Schloss Karen B. , Lupyan Gary , Niedenthal Paula , Wood Adrienne
Published: January 2021

The U.S. political landscape is increasingly polarized. Political polarization is made especially salient when visualized using a two-tone U.S. map with red Republican-leaning states and blue Democrat-leaning states. However, such dichotomization conceals the true spectrum of political opinion and voting patterns. We asked whether dichotomizing maps into red and blue states leads people to overestimate polarization compared to maps that represent voting patterns continuously using red to white to blue hue and saturation color gradients. And if so, is this polarizing effect due to partisan semantic associations with red and blue, or can any color mappings produce similar effects? Online U.S. participants estimated the hypothetical voting patterns of eight swing states depicted using dichotomous or continuous red/blue or orange/green color maps. The dichotomous red/blue maps produced more polarized predictions than the continuous red/blue maps, but there was no difference between dichotomous and continuous orange/green maps. This suggests the polarizing effect red/blue dichotomous maps have on predicted voting patterns can be mitigated by switching to novel colors. We conclude that the tribal associations and categorical nature of red/blue maps are not simply tools for illustrating political polarization in the U.S.—they may in fact be exacerbating them.
Integrating the world of presence theory: Illusion, pretence, attending, and pretending
Authors: Waterworth John , Tjostheim Ingvar
Published: January 2021

We selected four fragments from the world of presence theory for particular attention. These are: presence as a perceptual illusion, as a pretence, as attending to an external world, and as pretending the virtual is real. We reflect on and try to unite these fragments into a fairly coherent and perhaps more general view of the nature of presence, one that may help integrate insights into both ‘natural’ and mediated presence. One conclusion from this work is that when we feel present, we believe that what is happening is real, in the moment, whether it is in the physical world or in a virtual reality (VR). In other words, when we feel really present in an environment it is real for us. If presence in VR is an illusion, so is presence in the physical world. Presence in VR requires imagination and belief (though not make-believe), and so does presence in the physical world.
Using behavioural theory to understand adherence to behaviours that reduce transmission of Covid-19: evidence from the CHARIS representative national study
Authors: Dixon Diane , Johnston Marie , Hubbard Gill , den Daas Chantal
Published: January 2021

Objectives: To examine the ability of four models of behaviour, namely, Protection Motivation Theory (PMT), the Common Sense Self-Regulation Model (CS-SRM) and Social Cognitive Theory and the Reasoned Action Approach (SCT and RAA) to understand adherence to transmission-reducing behaviours (TRBs) advised by national governments for suppression of SARS-CoV2. Design: A series of six cross-sectional telephone surveys of a random representative sample of adults living in Scotland.Methods: Self-reported adherence to three TRBs (physical distancing, wearing a face covering and hand washing), PMT, CS-SRM and SCT/RAA constructs, and sociodemographic variables were measured each week for 6-weeks (n=~500p/w; 3rd June-15th July) via a 15min telephone survey. Results: Adherence was high (‘Always’ or ‘Most times’) throughout for physical distancing and hand washing, and, when mandated, for wearing a face covering. Older people were more adherent to all TRBs. Constructs from all three models predicted all three TRBs. Intention and self-efficacy (SCT/RAA) were the only beliefs to predict to all three TRBs each week and for all groups equally; intention was the strongest predictor. The predictive utility of PMT and CS-SRM varied by TRB and by group. Of note was the observation that several illness beliefs were associated with adherence only for those who believed they had not had Covid-19.Conclusions: The CHARIS project has identified beliefs about specific behaviours, the illness and the risks associated with lower adherence rates that might be addressed in national interventions. It confirms previous findings that some groups show lower levels of adherence and might be specially targeted.
Organizational Practices and Workplace Relationships in Precarious Work: New Survey Evidence
Authors: Shepherd Hana
Published: January 2021

Organizational practices are important dimensions of the social contexts that shape relationship formation. In workplaces, the formation of relationships among coworkers are resources for personal outcomes, and they can be channels through which workers might identify common grievances, form workplace solidarity, and engage in collective action. Using a unique dataset of retail workers across the United States, The Shift Project, this paper examines two potential pathways by which organizational practices common in precarious jobs in the retail industry in the U.S. might shape the formation of workplace relationships. I find evidence of the role of both pathways: practices that limit the opportunities for regular contact and practices that negatively impact the conditions of contact among employees are both associated with fewer workplace ties. I discuss the implications of these findings for the study of collective action, and network ecology.
Behaviour of impact- and vibratory-driven piles in stiff clay during installation and static loading
Authors: Lacoste F. Rocher- , Bourdouxhe M. P.
Published: January 2021

This paper summarises the results of an extensive field test carried out in the framework of the "French National Research Project on Vibratory Driving" and the ProfilArbed Research Programme, to investigate and compare the behaviour and performance of eight impact- and vibratory-driven piles. The test site is located in Northern France. The subsoil consists of dense Flanders clay. The piles were driven using an ICE8 l5 vibrator and an IHC70s impact hammer to the same depth. All these piles were instrumented with accelerometers and strain gauges positioned at the top and bottom of the piles. Penetration rate, uplift load applied by the crane, vibration transmitted to the ground, operating pressure, oil flow at the vibratory power-pack, and energy per blow for the hammer were continuously recorded. The paper presents the main results obtained from double sheet piles (AUl6 type) driven to 7 m depth, a small wall of two double sheet piles (AU20 type) driven to 8 m depth, HP bearing piles driven to 10.2 m, and steel open-ended tubes of508 mm diameter driven to 9.4 m depth. After a delay of 6 to 8 weeks, the piles were statically loaded to failure. The piles were instrumented with removable extensometers, which made it possible to measure the mobilisation of shaft friction and toe resistance. The measured bearing capacity was significantly lower for the vibratory-driven piles (around 35%) and it is consistent with the results obtained by the Laboratoire des Ponts et Chaussees de Paris at other sites.
Analysis of elastic behaviour of granite using homogenisation theory
Authors: Baek Y. , Kweon O. I. , Seo Y. S. , Kim K. S. , K im G. W.
Published: January 2021

We carried out photographic analysis of randomly distributed discrete elements in the lnada granite. The modal analysis of granite was also conducted simultaneously with the above photographic analysis. The results show that quartz and feldspar including mica occupy 99.4% of the total volume of the fine-grained granite. Based on the results of previous studies, an elastic homogenisation method is applied to analyse the macro-level stress distribution in the lnada granite, which is a composite material of rock-forming minerals with micro discontinuities.

For proper rock sampling and specimen preparation, the representative elementary volume (REV) should be determined in rock mechanical tests and numerical analyses. We determined the REV of the lnada granite using a stereoscopic microscope and applying a homogenisation numerical analysis.
Impact of July 2004 high-intensity rain on Hilepani-Jayaramghat-Diktel Environment-Friendly Road in East Nepal
Authors: Dhital Megh Raj
Published: January 2021

The high-intensity rain of 5-13 July 2004 activated numerous landslides, gullies, and debris flows in the watershed of the Dudh Koshi River in east Nepal. As a result, the Hilepani- Jayaramghat- Diktel Environment-Friendly Road was devastated. Apart from the rainfall, geological, geomorphic, land use, and road construction practices were other important factors leading to the disaster. Most of the damage was concentrated on concave slopes, whereas the ridges and convex slopes were relatively safe. The entire alignment was devoid of any breast or retaining walls necessary to protect the high, steep, and bare soil cut slopes, and it resulted in extensive cut slope failures. Similarly, side and cross drains were almost nonexistent. As a result, severe damage was seen at almost every gully crossing. There were very few gully protection structures (viz. check dams) and, like the retaining walls constructed below the road, they also suffered from poor construction quality and failed due to weak foundation and inadequate keying practices. Some of the most awkward structures were the loops founded on unstable slopes with high (up to 15 m) and robust gabion walls at the bends, and deep box cuts above them. In these circumstances, the concentrated runoff and subsequent debris flow from the box cut devastated the entire hairpin bend.
Geophysical study of land subsidence: example from Pokhara basin
Authors: Yoshida M. , Pant S. R. , Adhikary P. C. , Dangol V. , Shrestha S.
Published: January 2021

Land subsidence is a serious problem in the Pokhara city and surrounding wide areas consisting of recent debris flow deposits. Owing to their calcareous matrix the debris flow deposits are more-or-less well cemented, even though their age ranges just from 12,000 to 700 years BP. There are numerous caves and caverns in these deposits. To investigate the danger of subsidence, ground penetrating radar and electrical resistivity tomography were employed to detect and map the caves and caverns. The results are quite encouraging and the above methods are found to be quite effective in formulating the control measures to the land subsidence hazard.
Adsorption of nitrate as a groundwater pollutant by soil particles
Authors: Nakayama Chieko , Tanaka Yoshinori
Published: January 2021

This study discusses nitrogen adsorption in several soil samples of the Kanto loam collected from two locations in the Kanto plain. Their chemical properties were assessed on each of the soil samples as well as on pure allophane clay by instrumental analysis using batch and soil column tests.

Nitrogen-nitrate adsorption by soil samples was determined by a 10-hour batch test using a nitric acid solution of 0.14 mmol. A saturation column test was conducted to obtain a breakthrough curve and calculate the coefficients of dispersion and retardation. The extent of nitrate adsorption in soil samples was confirmed by percolation with 0.14 mmol nitric acid through columns packed with the soil sample and silicate sand.

In the batch test, it was found that the amount of nitrate adsorption was greater in allophane-rich volcanic ash soils with the amount of nitrate adsorption increasing under conditions of low pH. The breakthrough curve determined by the column test showed that the coefficient of retardation increased in allophane-rich soils.

Adsorption of nitrates by Kanto loam soils was thus found to be dependent upon the content of allophane and amorphous material in the soil. Since the positive charge of allophane has the potential to reduce the nitrate content in groundwater, it can be effectively applied to reduce nitrate contamination in groundwater.
Spatial distribution patterns of metals in the bottom sediments of artificial reservoirs in south Sardinia, Italy
Authors: S Fadda , M. Fiori , C. Matzuzzi , M. Grillo S.
Published: January 2021

The Flumendosa-Campidano system of artificial lakes is the major water resource for southern Sardinia, Italy. The main basins of this system are situated in ore-rich terrains which are responsible for the supply of different heavy metals in the bottom sediments forming in these lakes. The chemical and mineralogical composition of these materials reflects the lithology of the country rocks and is strongly influenced by the surrounding ore mineral occurrences. Because of the semiarid climate of this island, along with the uneven distributions of rains and increasing water demand, water levels in these lakes are prone to broad yearly variations and consequently their sediments are periodically prone to the action of the meteoric waters and of the atmosphere which causes oxidation and remobilisation of most metals. However the metal-rich sediments of the lakes appear at present sufficiently stable as elemental concentrations in the water reaching the treatment plants are normally below the permissible limits for drinking water. Metals re-precipitate in less soluble forms and accumulate in the deepest parts of the sedimentary piles which would act as a trap for the metals. Data on metal contents in the sediments are examined in view of deriving pollution risks. Distribution maps have been drawn for each element for assessing its dispersion and accumulation effects. The mapping together with statistical treatment of the results and comparison with previous data has shed light on the origin and distribution of the various pollutants.
Utracone, poszukiwane i odzyskane dziedzictwo kulturowe Łodzi przemysłowej na przykładzie Art_Inkubatora w Fabryce Sztuki*
Authors: Moreno-Kamińska Natalie
Published: January 2021

Over the past 25 years, Łódź has seen an evolution in attitude towards the city’s post-industrial heritage, both material and non-material. Exemplifying these processes of loss, seeking, and retrieval is Art_Inkubator, a complex of 19th-century factories in the city’s central district of Księży Młyn that once belonged to Karol Scheibler and Ludwik Grohman. The goal of the project, carried out by a municipal cultural institution known as Fabryka Sztuki, has been to revitalize and adapt former factory buildings, including them in its incubator program dedicated to the support of activities within the creative industries sector. Another cultural heritage site known as MuseumABC is also located in this area. Fabryka Sztuki’s efforts have preserved the factory buildings as part of the city’s cultural heritage and made it possible to put their historic features to good use in the development of innovative and creative activities. After decades of neglect, the characteristic red-brick buildings have beengiven “new life” as centres of culture and business enterprise.
Niematerialne dziedzictwo kulturowe w kontekście badań nad kontaktami i sieciami społecznymi
Authors: Drápala Daniel
Published: January 2021

This article discusses the use of the concept of social capital in relation to the elements of intangible cultural heritage (ICH) and the need to protect it. At the outset, the author examines theoretical concepts which researchers have employed, in past decades, outside the area of ethnological studies. The article highlights one of the basic principles, that of social capital, which consists in sharing real and potential sources, knowledge, and information, which an individual person or group acquires through relations that may to some degree be characterized as institutional. Based on experiences gathered both in a national context (the Czech Republic) and within that of an international organization (UNESCO), the article attempts to assess the extent to which it is possible to apply the theoretical foundations of the idea of the social capital to ICH, where the principles of the sharing of and mutual respect towards cultural elements are two of the basic premises.
Nutrition education with android-based application media to increase knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of pregnant women about chronic energy deficiency (KEK)
Authors: Lestari Wa Ode Sri Wati , Syarif Syafruddin , Hidayanty Healthy , Aminuddin Aminuddin , Ramadany Sri
Published: January 2021

Pregnant women are a very vulnerable group to nutritional problems. The lack of knowledge, attitude, and behavior towards nutrition is the main cause of KEK (chronic energy deficiency) in pregnant women. The purpose of this study was to design an android-based application based on a needs analysis to improve nutritional knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women about KEK. The research method was qualitative research, while the design used a combined method between Research and Development (R&D) and Pre-Experiment methods with one group pre-test and post-test designs. The results of the data analysis showed that the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of pregnant women increased by 72%, 78%, and 39%, respectively. The p-value of the McNemar test results for the variables of knowledge, attitude, and behavior was 0.000 <? (0.05), indicating there were differences in the knowledge, attitude, and behavior of pregnant women before and after using the application (p <?). It was concluded that nutrition education with Android-based application media influenced the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of pregnant women, that is, to increase the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of pregnant women about KEK in Meo – Meo Public Health center, Baubau City.
relationship between emotional intelligence and hardiness on stress resistance in athletes with disabilities in Indonesian national Paralympic committee
Authors: Sukmana Muhammad Endra , Kristiyanto Agus , Liskustyawati Hanik
Published: January 2021

The purpose was to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence and hardiness on stress resistance in athletes with disabilities. This research is a quantitative approach. The data analysis technique using SPSS 22 16.0. The results can be concluded: (1) Emotional Intelligence and Stress Resistance, in athletes with disabilities with a total blindness correlation value of 0.450 with p. value or a significance of 0.062. (2) Emotional Intelligence and Stress Resistance, in athletes with disabilities with a low vision correlation value of 0.568 with p. value or a significance of 0.001. (3) Hardiness and Stress Resistance, in Athletes with Disabilities with a Blind correlation value of 0.638 with p. value or a significance of 0.002. (4) Hardiness and Stress Resistance in Athletes with Disabilities with Low Vision correlation value of 0.573 with p. value or a significance of 0.001. (5) Emotional Intelligence and Hardiness with Stress Resistance, in athletes with disabilities to Totally Blind r square of 0.495 with a significance value 0.002 which is less than 0.05. (6) Emotional Intelligence and Hardiness with Stress Resistance, in athletes with disabilities with low vision r square of 0.420 with a significance value. 0.001 which is less than 0.05.
Intervention with Fe supplementations and IEC about anemia against hemoglobin levels in female teenagers in state senior high school
Authors: Wahyuni Indah Sri , Widyaningsih Eka Bati
Published: January 2021

Iron malnutrition anemia is a micronutrient problem that often occurs throughout the world. The prevalence of nutritional anemia in the teenagers age group nationally is 18.4%. The government has a program in an effort to prevent anemia in adolescents, which is to provide one grain of iron supplements every week throughout the year for female teenagers at school. The administration was carried out for 16 weeks with details of once a week and for 10 days of menstruation, so that the total given was 52 tablets. Examine the characteristics of the sample (age, family socioeconomic, pocket money, menstrual history, nutritional status and physical activity), knowledge about anemia, attitudes, compliance, family support and teacher support in interventions with Fe supplementation and IEC about anemia against hemoglobin levels for female teenagers in State Senior High School in the District of Pesanggrahan, South Jakarta, Indonesia. This research is a Quasi Experimental with a sample of 126 female teenagers. The difference in the mean hemoglobin level of the intervention group before and after the intervention showed a significant difference in the average hemoglobin level between the three groups at pretest. The result of the multi regression analysis shows that the dominant variable is knowledge.
Phase Transformations
Authors: Kennon Noel F.
Published: January 2021

This chapter describes some of the most essential tools in metallurgy and what they reveal about the structure, composition, and processing requirements of steel. It begins by identifying important details in the constitutional diagram of iron-cementite. It then explains how to read isothermal transformation and continuous-cooling diagrams and how to recognize the effect of various alloying elements.
Towards Traffic Flow Modelling Approaches Updating
Authors: Andrii Vozniuk  , Volodymyr Kaskiv
Published: January 2021

The paper describes an analysis of the traffic flow characteristics and individual vehicle characteristics used for design decisions. Traffic flow statistic obtained with the help of Weigh in Motion System is presented. The brief analysis of the main traffic flow characteristics is performed, the need for traffic flow modelling approaches updating is outlined.