bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Turkic borrowings in the Arabic language of the Mamluk-Kipchak written monuments
Authors:   Ege University, Muhammed Ragıp ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Maksutovna Torebekova Saule
Published: October 2023

The Mamluk state is a country consisting mainly of Kipchaks who ruled Egypt and Syria in the XIII-XVI centuries. Those Kipchak personalities came to power from slaves-Warriors. The word Mamluk in Arabic [malaka] – possession, power; means “white slavers”. These slaves, who were originally in military service, eventually became the main military structure of Egypt and Syria, contributing to the political life of the Muslim states in the region. Thus, it becomes the main force in the military and political system. Although most of the population was Arabs, this state was ruled by the Turks. They spoke their native language and ruled in the Kipchak. In Egypt, the rule of the Mamluk authorities was so strong that the Arabs began to learn the Kipchak language. In order to study the Kipchak language, a bilingual (Arabic-Kipchak) grammar manual and a dictionary-based ISSN (print)2664-5157 Turkic Studies Journal 2021, Volume 3, Number 459Р. Мұхаммед, *С.М. Торебековаmanuscript have been prepared for this language. These manuscripts are important for studying the history and word stock of the Turkic language, and also methods of teaching the Turkic language. The dictionary section of manuscripts written in the Mamluk-Kipchak language under consideration traditionally shows first Arabic words, and then their equivalents in Turkic languages. In some cases, the head of the Arabic registry is represented by words such as Persian, Turkic, and Aramaic. In the preparation of such manuscripts, not always classical Arabic was used, but also spoken Arabic of that period. In the spoken Arabic language of that era, many words came from different cultures and different languages. In our research article, it was determined that some of the Arabic words at the beginning of the register in Arabic-Kipchak dictionaries written in the Mamluk-Kipchak language are Turkic words of origin, the state of use of these words in Modern Arabic dialects and their place in Arabic culture.
Stylistic functions and ways of using phraseological units in the Karakalpak literature
Authors:   Nukus State Pedagogical Institute named after Ajiniyaz, Kudiyarovna Pirniyazova Alima
Published: October 2023

The article deals with the use of phraseological units in prose works of prominent representatives of the Karakalpak literature, reveals their inherent peculiarities of using phraseological units. The peculiarities of usage Karakalpak phraseological units are revealed through the texts of prose works. Each master of the artistic word has its own peculiarity and author’s style in usage of phraseological units. In the works of the writers Sh. Seitov, K. Sultanov, T. Kayipbergenov, G. Esemuratova, I. Yusupov, H. Dauletnazarov, M. Nyzanov, created in the XX and XXI centuries, phraseological units were used as a means of artistic description. Phraseologisms of the folk language have enriched the language of works and had a great influence on the artistic language, content and form. Writers created phraseological units based on samples of the folk language. They gave artistry to works and were well received by readers, had a wide field of application as well as phraseological units of the folk language. The use of phraseological units are considered as units without changes, with changing and using one component in a new meaning, with the inclusion of other words between the components, the with truncation of a component which were created by writers.
Performing traditions of the storytellers of the epic «Manas»
Authors:   National Academy of Sciences of the Kyrgyz Republic, Bakchiev T.
Published: October 2023

The Kyrgyz perceive “Manas” not only as an oral-poetic work, but also as a living substance that has made a significant contribution to the development of national consciousness. The epics of many peoples of the world have ceased their primordial existence in oral form; they are imprinted only on paper and have taken a book form, which means that they cannot develop further in the traditional way. The legend of Manas was not lost in time thanks to the storytellers-manaschy, who carefully preserving and creatively processing it, passed it on from generation to generation. The Kyrgyz have always considered the important and significant role of the manaschy. They inspired the warriors, escorting them to the next combat battle to defend their homeland; were next to the ancestors at fateful moments for the Kyrgyz; were the highest spiritual orders who carried the wisdom and generosity of the people. The author of the article notes that storytellers face science with the task of investigating the functions of the live performance of “Manas”, which contains a ritual character. Until now, the performance of this epic was perceived only as an aesthetic action. The live narration of the Manas epic affects the sensitive channels of the audience. The basic factors influencing the consciousness of the listener of a live epic narration are the rhythm, voice and non-verbal reactions of the narrator, as well as the plot and nature of the episode being told. All this is a special type of coding of human consciousness with energy information. The author, comparing the work of some manaschy, which have not yet been considered as a scientific object, and the work of the storytellers of the epic of a number of other peoples of Central Asia, on the basis of his observations and additional information, reveals the peculiarities of performing traditions, and also comes to the conclusion that manaschy – a carrier of rich sacred information, and storytelling is one of the specific forms of cultural and spiritual communication, which requires further deep scientific research.
Scientific debate about the genre of the Orkhon-Yenisei inscriptions
Authors:   Nizami Ganjavi İnstitute of Literature of Azerbaijan National Academy of Science, Sharifova S.Sh.
Published: October 2023

This paper attempts to define the genre of the Orkhon-Yenisei Old Turkic inscriptions. The Orkhon -Yenisei inscriptions, found in the territory of modern Mongolia, attracted researchers’ attention in two directions. First, the interest was shown in scientific field, and then in the field of fiction. Along with the historiography, the Orkhon-Yenisei inscriptions have been studied from a cultural point of view, as well as from the point of view of literary criticism. Today Azerbaijani, Turkish and Russian scientists still dispute about the genre of the Orkhon-Yenisei written monuments. Different views have been expressed on the genre of the Orkhon-Yenisei written monuments. The researchers emphasize The Old Turkic written monuments emphasized the fact of the presence of researchers in the rhythm of folk poetry and “weighty verses”. Taking into consideration the feature of narrative written in verses and the connection with a folk poetry, a number of researchers define these inscriptions as poems in prose (F.E. Korsh, Amid Abid). Other authors note that the inscriptions are “a small literary work” (Vasfi Mahir Gochatürk). Furthermore, the inscriptions are considered “a small literary work”, “common Turkic historical heroic poems”, “epitaphs”, “graveyard poetry”, “a separate genre”, “prose texts”, “historical legend”, “prose in verses” etc. The Orkhon-Yenisei inscriptions manifest themselves as a mixture of prose and poetry, which is characteristic of the Turkic epic. We find the perfect example of this tradition in the epic Kitabi Dede Gorgud, a common Turkic monument. That is, a combination of prose and poetry. The Yenisei epitaphs, the Orkhon “Bangu stones” attract attention as the direction in which the Orkhon-Yenisei inscriptions will study the poetics of ancient Turkic literature. Although the Orkhon-Yenisei monuments were studied as texts of poems, epitaphs, epics, chronicles, stories, novels, stories, etc. Orkhon-Yenisei monuments should not be considered as an example of epitaphs. The Orkhon-Yenisei Inscriptions is a historical-documentary novel of poetry, combining genre features of different genres. The existence of such novels of poetry as the Orkhon-Yenisei inscriptions created the conditions for the creation of meaningful novels of poetry during the Eastern Renaissance. The creation of a novel of verses by Nizami Ganjavi in the XII century confirms this
A wolf in the Turkic culture: sacred and ordinary
Authors:   L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Zharylkasynuly Sharip  Amantay
Published: October 2023

Көк бөрі – түркі халықтарының дәстүрлі мәдениетінде айрықша қасиетті, қадірлі саналатын мақлұқат. Мифологиялық дүниетанымға сәйкес, олар өздерінің генеалогиялық түп-төркінін осы түз тағысынан таратқанды жөн көреді. Қытай жылнамаларында бұл тақырыпқа қатысты таңбаланған сюжеттер бүгін көпшілікке аян. Фольклорлық шығармаларда (ертегілер, аңыздар, әпсаналар, тарихи жырлар, қаһармандық эпос, мақал-мәтелдер), халық ауыз әдебиетінде (жыраулар мен ақындар шығармашылығы), сондай-ақ әдеби-көркем туындыларда (өлеңдер, поэмалар, әңгімелер, хикаяттар, романдар) қасқыр бейнесі жан-жақты көрініс тапқан. «Ит-құс», «ұлыма», «серек құлақ», «теріс азу», «абалақ» секілді эвфемистік жанама атаулар таңылған тотемдік аң туралы ел санасында ғасырлар бойы сақталған түсініктер замана ыңғайына қарай түлеп-түрленіп, өзгеріп-өзгешеленіп отырғанын байқаймыз. Бұл мәселе ғылыми тұрғыдан да біраз зерттеліп-зерделеніп, сан түрлі пайымдардың арқауына айналған.Профессор Тәттігүл Ерсайынқызы Қартай өз монографиясында бұрынғы зерттеулердің қажетті тұстарына сүйене отырып, көк бөрі (қасқыр) бейнесін тың тарапта қарастырған. Бұған ең алдымен ол жетекшілік еткен АР08856696 «Қазақстанның шөлді атыраптарының егіншілік-малшаруашылық ландшафтарын этнографиялық және геоархеологиялық зерттеу: игеру мен бос қалдырулардың тарихи себептері» атты жоба аясында жинақталған далалық материалдар мүмкіндік берген. 2012-2020 жылдар аралығында жүзеге асқан Ақтөбе, Сыр өңірі, Маңғыстау, Ұлытау, Хан Ордасы экспедициялары, Анкара, Аққайнар, Ақши, Атырау, Шұбарқұдық, Кеген, Қастек, Таңбалы сапарлары барысында ғалым тікелей ел ішінен деректер жиыстырып, сауалнамалар мен сұхбаттар ұйымдастырған. Аңшылық құралдарын көзбен көріп, қолмен ұстаған; олардың нақты қолданысымен іс жүзінде танысқан. Фототүсірілімдер жасаған. Мұражай экспонаттарын саралаған. Күнделік жүргізген. Осының барлығы зерттеушінің мол эмпирикалық мәліметтің басын құрап, оны тиісінше талдап-таразылауға негіз қалағаны анық.
The Many-faced Phoenix: issues regarding the vitality of the Turkic peoples’ shamanism
Authors:   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University, Maksutovna Bakhtikireeva Uldanay , Kakbayevna Temirgazinа Zifa ,   Pavlodar Pedagogical University
Published: October 2023

The article proposes an interdisciplinary approach to the problem of shamanism, accumulating cultural, sociological, philosophical and linguistic components of this phenomenon unique to human civilization. The term shamanism refers to a combination of various healing, mystical-clairvoyant and predictive practices of shamans (V.I. Kharitonova). The article analyzes the “decline” of shamanism of the peoples of the North and Siberia of the Russian Federation, the cause of which was the loss of the usual 24У.М. Бахтикиреева, З.К. Темиргазина Turkic Studies Journal 1 (2022) 7-24way of life, traditional crafts, language and, as a consequence, the conceptual worldview. In the context of the vitality and decline of shamanism, the practices of shamanism of the Turks-highlanders – Karachais, Balkars and Steppe Turks – Kazakhs are studied. The first preserved the rudiments of this phenomenon in some modern practices, rituals, dances and in everyday life. Shamanism of these Turkic peoples and others is characterized by syncretism, “dual faith”, i.e. the combination of pagan, Tengrian traditions and Islamic views. A particularly important role in Kazakh practices is played by faith in the spirits of ancestors – aruaktar. Kazakh shamanism today has transformed mainly into healing practices that are widespread everywhere, which indicates its higher vitality compared to the Karachay and Balkars. Trying to trace the vitality of various ethnic shamanic practices, the authors focused on the primary sources, rather than on their interpretation and criticism, so that the reader could get acquainted with a fairly representative set of opinions of various researchers of shamanism and shamanic practices
Language of Abai poems manuscripts (some phonetic differences)
Authors:   Gaziosmanpasha University, Petek Ercan , Adilov Marlen ,   bai Kazakh National Pedagogical University
Published: October 2023

The version of the Murseit manuscripts written in 1907 is one of the main original works of Abai. As known, Abai’s poems were written and prepared for publication by Murseit Bikeuly (1860-1917). The poems and words of edification that he wrote down during Abai’s lifetime, he handed over to the press after the poet’s death. Thanks to his patient work, these texts are now known to a wide range of readers. Murseit Bikeuly perfectly knew the written language of that time, and Abai instructed him, who was engaged in teaching in the Semipalatinsk region, to write down his poems. Abai’s manuscripts, written by himself, unfortunately, has not yet been found. The article analyzes the linguistic features of the manuscript of Abai’s poems written in Arabic graphics by Murseit Bikeuly. The article provides a brief analysis of the phonetic differences between the handwritten text and the phonetics of the modern Kazakh language. The issues related to phonetic patterns, namely the law of synharmonism, regressive assimilation, phonetic variations, spelling rules are considered. The linguistic analysis is confirmed by illustrations from the desired manuscript and other works of Abai.
A root morpheme in the Old Turkic language
Authors:   L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Gabbaskyzy Shaimerdinova Nurila
Published: October 2023

The old Turkic literary language was formed on the basis of ancient Turkic dialects. In the era of the ancient Turkic kaganates, the language of runic inscriptions as a single literary language was used by various Turkic tribes or unions of tribes – Kipchaks, Oghuz, Uighurs, Turgesh, Kirghiz. The internal structure of the old Turkic literary language has been sufficiently studied in terms of graphic, phonetic-phonological, lexical, morphological. However, the morpheme-derivative system of the language has been studied fragmentarily and inconsistently. The purpose of this article is to consider the structure of the old Turkic word, in particular, the potential of the root morpheme. The structure of the old Turkic word consists of a root and affixal morphemes, differentiated into derivational, inflectional and formative. A root morpheme is a sign unit, the content of which is encoded information embodied in the lexical meaning of the word. The meaning of the root is singular and concrete, in contrast to the abstract meanings of auxiliary morphemes. The root morpheme of the old Turkic language differs from the root morphemes of modern Turkic languages in a number of ways, and above all in the preservation of historical relics, primary monosyllabic and verb-nominal syncretism. In the process of the historical development of the structure of the Turkic word on the basis of monosyllabic, a new model of the root appears, along with which many types of non-derivative roots, three/four/five/six-syllable/seven-syllabic, function in the old Turkic language, which reveals the potential of non-derivative Turkic roots. Another feature of the old Turkic root is the variability of its sound-phonemic composition ((ил/ел; ир/эр/ ер; бен/мен, сен/син, ол/ул/у; мын/мин/мен/мун/мүн) il/el; ir/er/er; ben/men, sen/sin, ol/ul/u; myn/min/men/mun/mun), which is uncharacteristic for root morphemes of modern Turkic languages. Such diffuse changes are fundamentally due to the archaism of the proto-forms and the influence of ancient Turkic dialects.The root morpheme is the old Turkic language is an active participant in the act of word creation, representing a generating basis in the formation of derivative words with word-building affixes. The derivation of the root morpheme is also revealed in the formation of complex, paired words and combinations of words, typologically inherent in the Turkic languages both in diachrony and in synchrony.The root of the old Turkic word structure is the subject of a required article by the author.
Khisamitdinova Firdaus Gilmutdinovna
Authors:   Kazan Federal University, Yusupova Alfiya , Shaimerdinova Nurila ,   L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: October 2023

В этом году российская и международная научная общественность отмечает юбилей доктора филологических наук, профессора, член-корреспондента Академии наук Республики Башкортостана, научного руководителя Института истории, языка и литературы Уфимского федерального исследовательского центра Российской академии наук Фирдаус Гильмитдиновны Хисамитдиновой. Фирдаус Гильмитдиновна Хасамитдинова – ученый с необычайно широким диапазоном научных интересов, из которых основными являются тюрко-башкирская филология, в первую очередь ономастика, этимология, историческая фонетика, этнолингвистика и лексикография башкирского языка. Фирдаус Гильмитдиновна Хисамитдинова родилась 1 января 1950 г. в деревне Рахметово Абзелиловского района Башкирской АССР. В 1970 году успешно окончив Белорецкое педагогическое училище, она поступила на филологический факультет Башкирского педагогического института. После окончания института Ф.Г. Хисамитдинова работала учителем русского языка и литературы. В 1976 году выдержав вступительные экзамены, она поступила в аспирантуру Института языкознания Академии наук СССР в Москве.С 1978 по 1985 год работала младшим, старшим научным сотрудником Института истории, языка и литературы Башкирского филиала Академии наук СССР. С первых дней работы в институте молодой ученый активно включается в научную работу, участвует в подготовке к печати «Словаря топонимов Башкирской АССР» и двух сборников по топонимике и диалектологии.В Институте Ф.Г. Хисамитдиновой параллельно разрабатывались две темы: первая - «Консонантные сочетания башкирского языка типа «сонорный + глухой смычный», вторая тема была посвящена формированию ойконимической системы башкирского языка в историческом освещении. Эти темы стали для Фирдаус Гильмитдиновной основой для защит кандидатской и докторской диссертаций. В 1980 году ею была защищена кандидатская диссертация, а в 1989 году на базе защищенной диссертации была опубликована книга «История башкирского языка: Материалы по исторической фонетике», в которой был освещены истоки, история формирования башкирской фонетико-фонологической системы, дана характеристика особенностям консонантной системы башкирского языка, раскрыты сочетаемость смычных, щелевых и сонорных консонантов. В1993 году Ф.Г. Хисамитдинова защищает докторскую диссертацию в Институте языкознания РАН. В эти же годы издаются монография «Башкирская ойконимия XVI-XIX вв.» (Уфа, 1991) и словарь «Географические названия Башкортостана» (Уфа, 1993).
Creative personality of professor Z.G. Bisengaly
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Dadebaev Zhangara
Published: October 2023

Қазақ әдебиетін зерттеуші, филология ғылымдарының докторы, профессор Зейнол-Ғабден Бисенғали 1950 жылдың 21 қаңтарында Атырау облысы, Құрманғазы ауданы, Алға ауылында дүниеге келген. Ол 1967 жылы ҚазМУ-дің филология факультетіне оқуға түсіп, оны 1972 жылы үздік дипломмен бітіріп шығады. 1978 жылы ҚазМУ-дің қазақ әдебиеті кафедрасының аспирантурасына, ғылыми-педагогтік жұмысқа Қазақ радиосындағы журналистік қызметте жинаған өмірлік, қаламгерлік тәжірибемен келді.Жастарға арналған хабарларында З.Бисенғали Қазақстан өміріндегі мәнді оқиғалар мен қоғам өміріндегі келелі мәселелерді қозғап, өскелең ұрпақтымазалаған сан түрлі сұрақтар мен ойларға басты назар аударды. «Өрендер» клубы мен «Естен кетпес ерлік беттері» атты бағдарламада замана сұрақтарына жауап іздей отырып, от пен судан өткен соғыс, еңбек ардагерлері мен белгілі қоғам қайраткерлерінің, көрнекті қаламгерлер мен өнер шеберлерінің әңгіме-сұхбаттарын пайдаланды. Олардың өмір жолы мен шығармашылығы туралы эссе, деректі әңгіме, очерктер жазады. Бұл материалдардың қайсысында да жетпісінші жылдар жастарына тән қасиеттермен қатар, жеке тағдырлар тарихы қозғалады, автордың өзіндік ойы, көзқарасы байқалып тұрады.
Valuable contribution to ethnological Kazakh studies
Authors:   L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Kumekov B.Е. , Ibraev Sh. ,   L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: October 2023

В 2011-2014 гг. вышла в свет фундаментальная научно-этнографическая энциклопе-дия, подготовленная группой исследователей Центрального Государственного музея Республики Казахстан под научным руководством известного ученого-этнолога Нурсана Алимбая. Основными авторами выступают известные историки, этнологи, лингвисты, а также архитекторы, давно занимающиеся разработкой традиционной архитектурной культуры центральноазиатских кочевников, в том числе, казахов. При этом в процесс сбора огромного объема историко-этнографической информации, содержащейся особенно в таких специфических категориях источников, как устная, этнографическая, этнолингвистическая, фольклорная, литературная и т.п. в свое время активно вовлекались выдающиеся этнофоры-знатоки национальной культурной традиции – Жагда Бабалыкулы, Даркембай Шокпарулы, Сеит Кенжеахметулы. Такой удачный творческий союз представителей различных гуманитарных и социальных наук позволил, с одной стороны, намного расширить источниковую базу рецензируемой энциклопедии, с другой – более эффективно реализовать ее предметно-целевые установки.
Turkic language picture of the world in phraseological units
Authors:   al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Smagulova Guldarhan
Published: October 2023

The article considers the semantic features of phraseological units in the language picture of the Turkic world. The phraseological foundation in any Turkic language is a mirror of the nation’s life. The whole life of the tradition, the system of values of the people is gathered here. The fund of cognitive knowledge of Turkic-speaking peoples 64ISSN 2664-5157. Turkic Studies Journal, Number 1, Volume 2, 2020Guldarhan Smagulova replenishes each other. Since the world of shared values, stereotypical skills and cultural lifestyles and their similarities in religion are based on a holistic mental space. The image of this integrity is collected and preserved through the cumulative quality of the language, and proves the cultural identity in the past way of life of the Turkic peoples. At the same time, the cultural interpretation of Turkic phraseology and paremiology has of particular importance. Today the phraseology of the Turkic languages is a comprehensive object of research and its scientific results are based on anthropocentric approaches. One nation- one language. Only ethnolinguistic and linguo-cultural studies can analyze the ethnic content of images preserved in the language and the differences between the Turkic world and other nations. Ethnic culture is the most ancient layer, the primitive basis of national culture. The traditions and customs of this layer reflect the commonness and similarity of the Turkic culture. Therefore, the general vocabulary in the fund of the Turkic languages, identical phraseological units, linguistic traces of cultural rhemes in the history of the ethnic group, and common subjects in our literature require scientific analysis.
On the 1150th anniversary of Abu Nasr Al-Farabi
Authors:   L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Tuleubayeva Samal
Published: October 2023

В истории человечества есть выдающиеся имена, которые внесли значительный вклад в формирование и развитие различных отраслей знаний своей эпохи. К их числу относится Абу Наср Мухаммад аль-Фараби, жизнь и творчество которого представляет собой тот редкий пример, когда отдельная личность играет ключевую роль в культурной традиции многих народов. Как отмечают исследователи, «непреходящее значение наследия аль-Фараби определяется тем, что многие его концепции в области философии, социологии, логики, этики, эстетики, естественно-научные идеи оказали большое влияние на последующее развитие общественно-философской мысли народов не только Востока, но и Европы в период средневековья и в эпоху Возрождения» [1, с. 16]. «Второй учитель» (так называли аль-Фараби в средневековье) выступил связующим звеном между греческой и арабской философией, а также между мусульманским Востоком и христианским Западом.
Anxiety and Fear of COVID-19 in Nurses Working in the Intensive Care Units and Emergency Departments of Hospitals Affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences
Authors:   Department of Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Khezri Bahareh , Bozorgnejad Mehri ,   Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Najafi ghezelcheh Tahereh ,   Nursing and Midwifery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Haghani Shima ,   Nursing and Midwifery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: October 2023

Background & Aims Corona virus became an epidemic in the world in 2019. During the epidemic, fear and anxiety were the main reports of nurses, and nurses in departments such as special care and emergency are more susceptible to these disorders, which, if left untreated, have a negative impact on the quality and safety level of the care system. Materials & Methods The current research was a cross-sectional study that was conducted on 205 nurses working in the Corona special care and emergency departments of Iran University of Medical Sciences. Sampling was done by enumeration method. The tools included demographic questionnaires, anxiety of COVID-19 and fear of COVID-19. Results There was a negative and significant correlation between the anxiety of nurses due to COVID-19 and the duration of work in the corona ward (P<0.001). The fear of COVID-19 was significantly higher in married nurses (P=0.02) and nurses with a history of COVID-19 (P=0.006) than other nurses. There was a statistically significant relationship between the fear of COVID-19 and the frequency of contracting this disease (P=0.021). The fear of COVID-19 was significantly higher in nurses who were infected with this disease than those who were not infected at all (P=0.034). Conclusion The results showed the average level of anxiety and fear in nurses. Considering the many problems that such disorders cause for nurses, the need for effective planning to reduce and improve its physical and psychological effects on nurses is recommended in order to provide optimal and high-quality care.
Predicting Students’ School Engagement Based on Communication Skills, Self-restraint, Perceived Parenting Style, and Sensory Processing
Authors:   Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Mirzakhanyaraghi Navid , Mozafari Mobina ,   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Social Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Saei Shafagh ,   Department of Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Research Center, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Pashmdarfard Marzih ,   Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Azad Akram ,   Department of Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Research Center, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: October 2023

Background and Aims Passion generally refers to the stimuli that shape a certain pattern of behavior. It can affects all aspects of a person’s life, including education and academic success. The present study aims to assess the predictability of school engagement based on communication skills, self-restraint, perceived parenting style, and sensory processing. Methods This is a descriptive-analytical study using the structural equation modeling (SEM).The study population consists of all secondary school students in Tehran (district 6). Sampling was done using purposive and convenience sampling methods. Using Cochran’s formula, the minimum sample size was obtained 385. Data collection tools were Baumrind’s parenting styles questionnaire, communication skills test-revised (CSTR), self-restraint scale, adolescent/adult sensory profile, and School Engagement Measure. To evaluate the SEM model, the significance level and path coefficients were investigated using the bootstrap method (re-sampling and sequential) and student’s t-test. Results Of 385 participants, 199 were girls (51.7%) and 186 were boys (48.3%), mostly aged 16 years (47.8%). Their mean age was 17.1±0.84 years. Results showed that the coefficient of determination (R2), Stone-Geisser’s Q2, and path coefficients were positive in all variables. The R2 value was 0.71, indicating that the independent variables together could predict 71% of school engagement. Conclusion Communication skills, self-restraint, perceived parenting style, and sensory processing are predictors of school engagement in students. Among these variables, communication skills have the highest effect.
Modulating intestinal cellular maturation and differentiation in broilers by in ovo feeding
Authors: Wong E. A. , Uni Z. ,   Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University,   United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund
Published: October 2023

Mortality in a broiler flock will typically range from 4-5% of the population over the course of 6- 7 weeks in the U.S. and 7-8% of the population in Israel. Suboptimal intestinal maturation and functionality are one of the major factors that contribute to early age mortality and hinder flock body weight uniformity. The development of absorptive and secretory functions is orchestrated by differentiation of cells that arise from stem cells. Supplying compounds by in ovo feeding (IOF) during late embryogenesis provides nutrients that may change the dynamics of stem cell differentiation. We hypothesize that the introduction of specific nutrients or probiotics to the late embryonic chick via IOF will result in an acceleration of the maturation of the small intestine as measured by villus/crypt morphology and the number and distribution of absorptive and secretory cells. A chick that can absorb nutrients more efficiently by increasing the number of cells expressing nutrient transporters and resist enteric pathogens by increasing the number of cells expressing mucin and host defense peptides will be healthier at hatch. This chick may have less need for antibiotics and may show reduced early mortality. The objectives of this proposal are to: 1) develop a model for the development of putative stem cells and absorptive/secretory cells in the small intestine of the late embryonic and early post hatch broiler. 2) determine the ability of IOF of nutrients to modulate the population of differentiated cells in the intestine. 3) determine the ability of IOF of probiotics to modulate the population of differentiated cells in the intestine. 4) reduce early mortality and increase body weight uniformity by IOF of selected nutrients or probiotics. This proposal combines the IOF expertise of Zehava Uni (Hebrew University) with the RNAscope in situ hybridization technique of Eric Wong (Virginia Tech). Previous studies using quantitative PCR to examine expression of genes in the intestine were unable to identify specific cells expressing these genes. RNAscope allows the ability to identify putative stem, absorptive and secretory cells in the small intestine. Thus, we will be able to investigate the effect of IOF on the presence of intestinal absorptive and secretory cells at the cellular level. Understanding the mechanisms for intestinal development and function are key to maintaining peak growth and health of chickens and thus would be of great economic benefit to the poultry industry.
molecular dissection of the crop maturation trait in peanut
Authors: Ozias-Akins P. , Hovav R. ,   United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund,   Minhal ha-meḥḳar ha-ḥaḳlaʼi (Israel)
Published: October 2023

Crop maturation is one of the most recognized characteristics of peanut, and it is crucial for adaptability and yield. However, not much is known regarding its genetic and molecular control. The goals of this project were to study the molecular-genetic components that control crop maturation in peanut and identify candidate genes. Crop maturation was studied directly by phenotyping the maturity level or through other component traits such as flowering pattern and branching habit. Six different RIL populations (HH, RR, CC, FNC, TGT and FLIC) were used for the genetic analysis. In total, 14 QTLs were found for maturity level. The phenotypic explanation values ranged in 5.3%-18.6%. Common QTL were found between maturity level and harvest index (in RR and CC populations), branching habit (in HH population), flowering pattern/branching rate (in CC and TGT populations) and pod size (in CC population). Further investigations were done to define genes that control maturity level and the component traits. A map-based cloning approach was used to identify a major candidate gene for branching habit - a novel AhMADS-box gene (AhMADS). AhMADS was mainly expressed in the lateral shoot, the organ in which the difference between branching habit occurs. Sequence alignment analysis found SNPs in AhMADS that cause to exon/intron splicing alterations. Overexpression study of AhMADs-box in tobacco under 35S control revealed one line with a spreading-like lateral shoot indicating that AhMADS may be the causing effect of BH and therefore indirectly controls maturity level. In addition, several candidate genes were defined that may control flowering pattern. An RNA expression study was performed on two parental lines, Tifrunner and GT-C20, identifying four candidate genes in the flowering regulatory pathway that were down-regulated at the mainstem (non-flowering) compared to the first (flowering) shoot, indicating their influence on flowering pattern. Also, another candidate gene was identified, Terminal Flowering 1-like (AhTFL1), which was located within a small segment in chromosome B02. A 1492 bp deletion was found in AhTFL1 that completely co-segregates with the flowering pattern phenotype in the CC population and two independent EMS-mutagenized M2 families. AhTFL1 was significantly less expressed in flowering than non-flowering branches. Finally, a field trial showed that an EMS line (B78) mutagenized in AhTFL1 is ~18% days earlier than the control (Hanoch). In conclusion, our study revealed new insights into the molecular basis for the fundamentally important crop maturity trait in peanut. The results generated new information and materials that will promote informed targeting of peanut idiotypes by indirect selection and genomic breeding approaches.
Genetic analyses of recombination and PRDM9 alleles and their implications in dairy cattle breeding
Authors: Seroussi E. , Ma L. , Liu G. ,   United States. Agricultural Research Service,   United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund
Published: October 2023

Meiotic recombination is one of the important phenomena contributing to gamete genome diversity. However, it is not well studied in livestock including cattle. The general objectives of this project were to perform genetic analyses of recombination and PRDM9 alleles and study their implications in dairy cattle breeding. The specific objectives were: 1. Analyze variation in recombination across individuals, breeds, and environments; 1.1.Construct individual-level recombination maps; 1.2.Compare recombination features between bulls held under different environmental conditions in US and Israeli; 2. Examine genetic basis of recombination variation in cattle; 2.1.Characterize PRDM9 alleles and their impacts on total and locus-specific recombination features; 2.2.Validate pedigree-based recombination maps using single sperm sequencing and typing; 3. Investigate the impacts of recombination on dairy cattle breeding; 3.1.Evaluate correlation between recombination and dairy production and health traits; 3.2.Evaluate the benefits of incorporating recombination as novel quantitative trait into genomic selection scheme.
NIFA-BARD collaborative, mechanisms of salmonella adaptation to the lettuce phyllosphere
Authors: Melotto M. , Sela S. ,   University of California, Davis,   United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund
Published: October 2023

The goal of this study is to evaluate the risk associated with colonization of the plant with Salmonella and to provide the scientific basis required to reduce plant's colonization by this pathogen through characterization of the molecular and physiological mechanisms that enable Salmonella to colonize vegetable crops
CURRENT STATE OF THE INTERNATIONAL LEGAL STANDARDS IMPLEMENTATION OF LIVING CONDITIONS SECURITY OF SENTENCED TO IMPRISONMENT IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Academy of the State Penitentiary Service,  Chernihiv, Ukraine, Broshko I.M
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the norms of international legal acts in the field of the treatment with prisoners, such as the European Penitentiary Rules and the UN Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners (Nelson Mandela Rules), as well as the results of a sociological survey of convicts and staff on the subject of the implementation of international standards in the domestic system of punishments execution. It was clarified that the relevance of the study of international standards in the field of living conditions security for sentenced to imprisonment is confirmed by the survey of both the staff and the convicts. According to the results of a sociological survey of those sentenced to imprisonment, it was ascertained that the living quarters of the colonies where they are serving their sentences meet the sanitary and hygienic standards in the vast majority – 82.6%, partially meet – 14.2%, do not meet – 3.1%. It was established that the availability of work in the colony and, accordingly, payment, also significantly affects the possibilities of improving the living conditions security of convicts. More than 12% of respondents indicated that they are lack of job security (employment) and an adequate level of remuneration. Convicted respondents quite favourably supported the proposal, as an experiment, to allow those sentenced to imprisonment to cook food by themselves, 78.1% of respondents supported it. The article emphasizes the need to improve the legislation and practice of detention of convicts in accordance with international standards. After all, the system of living conditions security for sentenced to imprisonment in Ukraine, according to its formal features, meets the requirements of international legal acts, but the mechanisms of such security do not really give such persons access to such standards. The conclusions of the article can be useful for legislators, human rights organizations and other interested parties in the work to improve the conditions of detention of convicts in Ukraine. Key words: international standards; sentenced to imprisonment; living conditions security; penal colonies; Nelson Mandela Rules; European penitentiary rules.
CONVICTS’ RESOCIALIZATION THROUGH THE PRISM OF THEIR EMPLOYMENT
Authors:   Academy of the State Penitentiary Service, Chernihiv, Ukraine, Olefir L.I. , Dudka N.O ,   Academy of the State Penitentiary Service, Chernihiv, Ukraine
Published: October 2023

The article examines the issue of employment of persons sentenced to imprisonment. In the modern criminal law of Ukraine, the order and conditions of employment of persons sentenced to imprisonment are established in such a way that they hardly differ from the order and conditions of work of other citizens who work at enterprises of various forms of ownership. However, the work of convicts in penal institutions is significantly different from the work performed by ordinary workers. Thanks to the involvement of convicts in work in combination with other means (the regime of serving the sentence, social and educational work, etc.), it is possible to achieve positive changes in the personality of the convict, which are a real possibility in the future in the direction of adaptation to life after release from serving the sentence. Community service is one of the most effective means of correction and resocialization of convicts. The analysis of scientific publications concerning the labor use of convicts before deprivation of liberty, in the vast majority, indicates international approaches to this problem, that is, convicts can be involved in work for the purpose of correction and acquisition of certain skills, and not for the purpose of compensating for material losses, moral damage to persons, victims from crimes, or profit making by enterprises of penal institutions. Reasoned reformation of the normative and legal principles of the labor use of convicts in places of deprivation of liberty, changes in approaches to the regulation and organization of the work of convicts during the execution and serving of punishment, can contribute to improving the situation in the direction of the implementation of such a means of resocialization as the labor of convicts. In addition, taking into account by the administration of the institution of execution of punishments the special characteristics of convicts can be useful in the process of labor utilization of convicts. Key words: sentenced to imprisonment, right to work, labor exploitation, correction and resocialization.
RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF DISTINGUISHING VIOLATIONS FROM CRIMES AND OFFENSES ACCORDING TO THE CRIMINAL LEGISLATION OF FRANCE
Authors:   Institute of Professional Development, Academy of the State Penitentiary Service, Chernihiv, Ukraine, Tkachenko О.H. , Kravchuk М.V. ,   Academy of the State Penitentiary Service, Chernihiv, Ukraine
Published: October 2023

The article provides the analysis of one of the first criminal laws that almost for two centuries had an essential impact on European criminal law. It was the first law that differentiated between crimes, offences, and violations. Such differentiation has survived till these days. Besides, the Article draws an analogy between the types of contraventions under the Criminal Code of France 1810 and the administrative offenses provided for by the Code of Ukraine on the Administrative Offenses. The Article provides an insight into the modern development of French Administrative and Torts Law and into the determination of the police courts authorities. It was found that although the “French” sub-system of law provides for the differentiation between the Administrative and Torts Law and criminal law, such differentiation is just theoretical. On the one hand, the punishment exists in the form of a fine and the types of contraventions are not regulated by the criminal code which makes its criminal character quite doubtful. On the other hand, however, the procedure of the administration of punishment through the imposition of sentence, deprivation of social rights, and seizure of property, as well as the complete regulation of the mentioned issues by the criminal, criminal and procedural laws testify to inseparability of the administrative offenses from the sphere of the criminal law. The article considers the possibility of the regulation of the Administrative and Torts Law of Ukraine so that the types of non-criminal offenses in analogy with the French law are regulated by the industry-specific law without the creation of the codified act in contrast to the outdated Code of Ukraine on the Administrative Offenses. Key words: Criminal Code of France, administrative offenses, police court, Code of Ukraine on the Administrative Offenses.
EXPLORING TEACHER'S IMPLEMENTATION OF AUDIO LINGUAL METHOD, CHALLENGES, AND TECHNIQUES FOR IMPROVING STUDENT'S VOCABULARY MASTERY
Authors: Suwarno Tono Suwarno , Retnowati Nanik , Sundari Hanna
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to explore the EFL teacher's implementation of the Audio-lingual Method, investigate his challenges and explain his technique to improve students' vocabulary mastery. The case study was carried out in SMA Pasundan Cikalongkulon Cianjur. The respondents were 32 students and an English teacher chosen purposively to be involved in this study. The instruments of data collection were observation and interview.  The result showed that the EFL teacher implemented Audio-lingual Method well. It was proved that he applied its principles namely imitation, using the target language communicatively, separating the native and the target language linguistic system, modeling, repetition, reinforcement, verbal and nonverbal stimuli, and English culture. Moreover, the student's average score improved, There were some challenges namely limited time, student motivation, different capabilities, and the classroom condition. Moreover, there were some techniques such as dialog memorization, repetition drill, transformation drill, and question and answer drill, and the most applied techniques were repetition drill, transformation drill, and question and answer drill. It is recommended that English teachers implement Audio-lingual Method for teaching vocabulary. Further study could be conducted to investigate how the students feel when learning vocabulary using the Audio-lingual Method.
Latinoamérica: Transparencia y Acceso a la Información
Authors:   Universidad de Sonora/Sonora/México, González Velásquez Leticia María , Rodeles Lara Ignacio German ,   Universidad de Sonora/Sonora/México, Gámez Padilla Daniel Javier ,   Universidad de Sonora/Sonora/México
Published: October 2023

La transparencia y acceso a la información es un tema prioritario y relevante en los países de América Latina, en consecuencia, los servidores públicos deben utilizar herramientas fundamentales de la democracia que permitan transparentar la gestión pública, dar acceso a los ciudadanos para no dar paso a la corrupción, es por ello la preeminencia de esta investigación, en ella se aplica una evaluación en cuanto al uso de tecnología para la publicación de información de oficio en los portales y plataformas para el sistema de acceso de información de los países de Chile, Colombia, México y Uruguay. De entre estos cuatro países el más sobresaliente en cuanto a este tema es Uruguay, que posee una plataforma excelente para transparentar la información, además, brinda un extra para la tranquilidad de los ciudadanos, ya que da a conocer la rendición de cuentas en diferentes rubros; es necesario que los demás países adopten la cultura de éste para mejorar sus prácticas de buen gobierno. Esta evaluación tiene la finalidad de conocer si cumple con “el derecho a la información” y si existe otra variable o dimensión que utilizan estos países que impacte y poder adaptarla en sus buenas prácticas de gobierno.