bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Challenges of ICT Integration in Teachers’ Education: A Case Study of the College of Education, University of Liberia
Authors:   Department of Secondary Education, William V.S. Tubman College of Education, University of Liberia, Monrovia, Liberia, Kennedy Gabriel M.
Published: May 2023

Innovation in education does not simply change teaching yet, in addition, the learning structures. The readiness of students in the present day necessitates that educators integrate ICTs into scholarly activities which will additionally place learners in the situation for the twenty-first-century arrangements. It encourages students to participate and facilitates their learning. It is necessary to include ICT in teachers’ training programs because it adds quality to the program and motivates the preservice teachers to use ICT. The research was conducted at the College of Education, the most elevated teacher training institution in Liberia. The study was planned to explore the difficulties of ICT integration in teachers’ education, prescribe schemes to reduce the difficulties, and lastly strengthen the overall integration process. The mixed method was used in this study, with 27 respondents completing the survey and interview questionnaires. The data was gathered using closed-ended questionnaires for the teachers and open-ended questionnaires for administrators. The study utilized both descriptive statistics and thematic data analysis approach to analyze the data. The study results identify the lack of ICT infrastructures and equipment, such as computers, institutional internet facility, projectors, etc., lack of support for teachers, inadequate experience in teaching with ICT, and inadequate ICT training, as major challenges hindering ICT incorporation in teachers’ education. Therefore, teacher training programs/ institutions should be adequately equipped with ICT infrastructures which are essential for the teacher’s empowerment to apply ICT in training. Recommendations were made to include ICT as a center subject in the curriculum of teachers’ colleges in Liberia since it is a huge factor in Liberia’s vision 2030.
Distrito 9 e a representação dos “Indesejados”: a educação em direitos humanos e o tema dos refugiados
Authors: Do Nascimento Arthur Ramos , Hernandez Matheus de Carvalho , Lezainski Robson de Oliveira , Luz Mateus Ferrari , Nogueira Luis Felipe Gimenes
Published: May 2023

Educar a sociedade para os Direitos Humanos envolve uma série de desafios que permitam a democratização e o incentivo dos debates e análises jurídicas e sociais para diferentes públicos. Não se pode ignorar a necessidade de despertar a sensibilidade para o tema, especialmente considerando grupos vulnerabilizados. Considerando que o processo de educação pode se dar em diferentes espaços, é salutar se aproveitar e apropriar de ferramentas (como o cinema e as produções culturais de massa) para ampliar a compreensão do que são Direitos Humanos. A pergunta de pesquisa que norteia a investigação é: como identificar o potencial narrativo, argumentativo, estratégico e necessário de obras artísticas em prol de debates e temas a respeito dos Direitos Humanos? Parte-se da hipótese que, como ferramenta, o cinema permite abordar demandas da atualidade como é o caso dos imigrantes e refugiados. Utilizando-se do filme Distrito 9, um filme de ficção científica, produzido em 2009, o presente artigo oferece uma análise acessível e propositiva no âmbito da educação em Direitos Humanos. A metodologia empregada para análise dos dados foi o dedutivo. A investigação permite concluir a acessibilidade e flexibilidade do uso do filme como instrumento dinâmico e potente na democratização dos debates e do aperfeiçoamento de estratégias para educar a sociedade em temas sensíveis de Direitos Humanos.
A STUDY TO ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF STAFF NURSES REGARDING MALNUTRITION AND NUTRITIONAL CARE OF HOSPITALIZED CHILDREN IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL BELAGAVI, KARNATAKA
Authors: Youssouf Ms. Sabiyah , Sabiq Dr. Mohd , Yousuf Ms. Razia
Published: May 2023

Food is the main fuel that runs a human body, both in health and illness. Food and Nutrition play a major role in the prevention of almost all diseases and promotion of health. Unfortunately at the global level, India is being placed among the highest ranked countries on the basis of number of malnourished children1. Childhood is a crucial period where we need to pay some extra attention for the nutritional needs and nutritional care of a child, as it acts as a strong pillar for his/her growth and development and prevention of malnutrition. Despite many medical advances over the past 20 years, the prevalence of malnutrition among hospitalized children has not decreased. Since the staff nurses spent more time with patients than any other healthcare workers and the patient recovery is greatly affected by the quality of care these nurses provide to their patients in all the aspects of care, including the nutritional aspect. Present study was conducted to assess the Nurses’ Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards nutritional care of the hospitalized children, in order to ensure quality nutritional care for hospitalized children who are at risk of developing malnutrition or who are already victims of it. A nonexperimental descriptive research design was adopted to carry out the present study on a sample of 40 staff nurses working at a Tertiary care hospital of Karnataka by administering MKAP questionnaire. The results of the study showed that majority of the staff nurses 28(70%) had average knowledge and neutral attitude regarding malnutrition and nutritional care among hospitalized children , while as 7(17.5%) had good knowledge and positive attitude and 5( 12.5%) of them had poor knowledge and negative attitude regarding malnutrition and nutritional care among hospitalized children. The majority of the staff nurses 25(62.5%) showed neutral practice regarding malnutrition and nutritional care among hospitalized children, while as 10 (25%) showed beneficial practice and 5 (12.5%) of them showed non-beneficial practice regarding malnutrition and nutritional care among hospitalized children. In the present study the association of Levels of KAP with demographic characteristics of the staff nurses was calculated by using chi-square test and no association was found between the two except for gender. The study concluded that most of the staff nurses are having average knowledge and neutral attitude and practice towards malnutrition and nutritional care of hospitalized children
A Lateral Cephalometric Radiographic Analysis of Size and Shape of Sella Turcica: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Madamala Suvarna Lakshmi , Ramesh Tatapudi , Reddy Reddy Sudhakara , Jyothirmai Koneru , Beeraboyina Anand Babu , Gadadasu Swathi
Published: May 2023

Objectives: To assess shape and size of Sella turcica on lateral cephalographs, and to find association of age and gender with shape and size of sella turcica.

Methods: Lateral cephalographs of 434 healthy subjects (254 females and 180 males) in the age group of 8-30 years were included in the study. Linear dimensions of sella turcica (length, depth, diameter) were measured and different shapes of sella (Normal, oblique anterior wall, bridging, double contour of floor, irregular dorsum, pyramidal) were analyzed. Student’s t-test to calculate mean differences in linear dimensions with age and gender. Frequency distribution of shape analyzed through chi-square test. Inter and intra observer variability assessed through paired t- test.

Results: Normal shape of sella turcica was most common shape (52.5%). Linear dimensions were increased with age (p>0.05) and except for diameter, length and depth were greater in males compared to females (p>0.05). When intra and inter observer variability was assessed, high significant values obtained with respect to depth (p=0.000). 

Conclusion: This study concluded that regardless of age and gender, normal shape of sella turcica (52.5%) was most common shape followed by sella turcica bridging (21.9%). Mean linear dimensions of sella turcica increased with age. Length and depth dimensions were larger in males comparative to females. This study provides baseline data for further research and clinical practice in fields of forensic medicine and epidemiology.
Numerical Investigation on the Performance of Prosthetic Running Blades by Using Different Materials
Authors: Siddiqui Md Irfanul Haque , Arifudin Latif , Alnaser Ibrahim Abdullah , Alluhydan Khalid
Published: May 2023

The amputation of a lower limb for humans is one of the most traumatic experiences, both physically and emotionally. Prosthetic running blades provide disabled persons with an opportunity to participate in sports and thus help to improve their psychological health. They also allow them to participate in activities that were previously unavailable to them due to financial constraints. In the current study, we looked at how different materials affected the functionality of prosthetic running blades. We investigated the static behavior of a prosthetic running blade using finite element modeling. Under various load circumstances, we conducted numerical simulation using a variety of materials, including titanium alloy (grade 5), carbon fiber, stainless steel (AISI 316), and aluminum alloy (2024 T4). We studied three major load conditions: rest (700 N), walking (1400 N), and running (2200 N). To understand the performance depending on the selection of materials, we evaluated total deformation, equivalent stress, and strain energy in the design of our experiment. The titanium alloy is more durable and has a higher tensile strength. The high cost of manufacture for titanium alloy, however, is a major deterrent to its use in running blades. It was noticed that the aluminum alloy (2024 T4) blade goes under much deformation as compared to titanium and carbon fiber-made running blades. Furthermore, carbon fibers offer excellent mechanical properties, which are essential for creating running blades. It has outstanding tensile properties. Additionally, the low density of carbon fiber has the added advantage of making running blades lighter.
Practice Guideline on Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis in the COVID-19 Area: A Consensus of Iranian Experts
Authors: Pakdel Farzad , Mardani Masoud , Salehi Mohammadreza , Khodavaisy Sadegh , Tabari Azin ,   Collaborating Authors Working Group
Published: May 2023

Context: The current pandemic of COVID-19 affected all people of the world. Evidence Acquisition: Most complications of SARS-CoV-2 are causally related to severe pneumonia due to host immune response in the form of a cytokine storm. The other causes of an increased mortality rate among COVID-19 patients are secondary infections. Results: Mucormycosis is a life-threatening infection that gained much attention in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. A rise in the frequency of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) occurred in 2020 and 2021. Overall, mortality of CAM has been reported as 54% - 75%. Conclusions: Although awareness of the disease has increased among treating physicians, disease-associated morbidity and mortality are still high. The guideline is intended to serve as a reference to prevent mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients and help healthcare providers choose diagnostic and treatment methods for the management of CAM cases.
Strengthening Literacy: Assistance by the AKMI Service Team 2022
Authors: Maimon Sumo  , Mansur Moh. , Hidayat Taufiq
Published: May 2023

Abstrak: Pelaksanaan pengabdian ini bertujuan adalah melatih dan mendampingi, kepala madrasah, Guru kelas 5 MI di Kabupaten kediri Jawa Timur dalam menerapkan dan penguatan empat literasi yaitu literasi Membaca, literasi, numerasi, sains dan literasi Sosial Budaya yang berbasais Asesmen Kompetensi madrasah Indonesia (AKMI). Adapun sasaran program ini adalah Madrasah yang sudah di beri bimtek oleh kementerian Agama dan siswanya sudah melakukan Tes AKMI dan ANBK. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah wawanara dan evaluasi instrumen hasil kegiatan yaitu Raport AKMI untuk Siswa dan wawancara untuk Kepla madrasah, guru kelas V MI serta Tenaga kependidikan lainnya. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan dalam dua tahap, yaitu: (1) Pendampingan kepada guru dan Siswa dalam program penguatan Literasi (2) pelaksanaan dan Evaluasi hasil pendampingan. Hasil wawancara dengan para guru dan kepala Madrasah MI bahwa mereka memahami tentang: 1) cara membaca Raport Hasil Tes Diagnostik AKMI, 2) Ada Upaya meningkatkan kompetensi Peserta Didik berdasarkan leverl mereka.

Kata Kunci: Asesmen Kompetensi Madrasah Indonesia (AKMI), Penguatan program literasi
The Compilation of Village Map in Community Service Activities in Blumbungan Village, Larangan District, Pamekasan Regency
Authors: Nasrullah Nasrullah , Rizal Rizal , Nuzammil Muzammil , Muharrom Wahedi , Umam Khairul
Published: May 2023

Blumbungan Village is one of the sub-districts/village which has the largest area in Pamekasan Regency. So that information is needed in the form of administrative maps and public facilities that can be used to support the village government in managing their household. The purpose of this community service is village mapping as a basis for regional development in the Blumbungan Village area, Pamekasan Regency. The methods used include surveys, preparation stages, map making processes, temporary print outs, permanent print outs, and map handover. Community service activities in Blumbungan Village produced a village map containing geospatial information that can be found in the area. The information is in the form of administrative area boundaries, transportation networks/infrastructure, waters, facilities and infrastructure. The image displayed on the village map provides an overview of the land cover in Blumbungan Village. Land use at certain points has the possibility of land conversion, so that it becomes a new land use. Therefore, it is necessary to update the presentation of the map from time to time to adapt to the current conditions in Blumbungan Village. In development planning, maps are used as material for regional analysis by taking into account land cover. In addition, the level of settlement density can be used as material for analysis of development planning in the form of public facilities that can be utilized by the community. Blumbungan Village is dominated by settlements, only a few green open spaces are available. Diversion of land for green open space can be planned by utilizing maps.
Spiritual Strengthening Through Religious Development in Potoan Daja Village, Palengaan Pamekasan
Authors: Mukit Abdul , Arifin Zainal , Yakin Nurul , Mubarok Sabiqul , Iqbal Moh
Published: May 2023

In today's era, humans are facing increasingly complex life challenges. For that, a strong religious foundation is needed. The research aims to strengthen religion through the congregational prayer movement in Potoan Daja Village, Palengaan Pamekasan. Religion is a treatise conveyed by God to the Prophet as a guide for humans and perfect laws to be used for humans in carrying out real life procedures and regulating relationships with responsibility to Allah, to society and the natural surroundings.

The methodology used is mixed methods, namely a combination of literature and field studies. Where the literature study is carried out to formulate the theory, while field studies are carried out through direct observation of the location of the object of study.

The findings of this study are that the Religious Guidance Through the Congregational Prayer Movement conducted in Potoan Daja Village is highly appreciated by the community and directly increases religious and religious awareness. Activities to Strengthen Religious Development through the Congregational Prayer Movement in Potoan Daja Village, Palengaan Pamekasan have succeeded in fostering a new prayer room at the residence of Mr. Muhammad Bhere' Sabe with two male and female shafs through the preparation of the main and supporting programs using the lecture and story method.
Esquizofrenia
Authors: Mayon-Flores Briana Arely , Pérez-Beltrán Fernando Jesús
Published: May 2023

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Evaluation of a new method, “non-injection resection using bipolar soft coagulation mode (NIRBS)”, for colonic adenomatous lesions
Authors: Tokuhara Mitsuo , Shimatani Masaaki , Tominaga Kazunari , Nakahira Hiroko , Ohtsu Takuya , Kouda Katsuyasu , Naganuma Makoto
Published: May 2023

Background/Aims: Endoscopic resection of all colorectal adenomatous lesions with a low complication rate, simplicity, and negative residuals is challenging. Hence, we developed a new method called “non-injection resection using bipolar soft coagulation mode (NIRBS)” method, adapted for colorectal lesions. In addition, we evaluated the effectiveness of this method.Methods: We performed NIRBS throughout a 12-month period for all colorectal lesions which snare resection was acceptable without cancerous lesions infiltrating deeper than the submucosal layer.Results: A total of 746 resected lesions were included in the study, with a 4.5 mm mean size (range, 1–35 mm). The major pathological breakdowns were as follows: 64.3% (480/746) were adenomas, and 5.0% (37/746) were intraepithelial adenocarcinomas (Tis lesions). No residuals were observed in any of the 37 Tis lesions (mean size, 15.3 mm). Adverse events included bleeding (0.4%) but no perforation.ConclusionsNIRBS allowed the resection of multiple lesions with simplicity because of the non-injection and without perforating due to the minimal burn effect of the bipolar snare set in the soft coagulation mode. Therefore, NIRBS can be used to resect adenomatous lesions easily, including Tis lesions, from small to large lesions without leaving residuals.
Salud mental en la vejez: bienestar y autopercepción de salud en adultos mayores de Buenos Aires
Authors: Cortese Ricardo Horacio , Fernández Canales María Mercedes , Góngora Vanesa
Published: May 2023

El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer el nivel de bienestar, la ruta de acceso a éste, el estado de salud mental y la autopercepción de salud que predominaba en adultos mayores de Buenos Aires. Adicionalmente, se examinaron las relaciones entre las variables de estudio y se indagó en el modelo que mejor predecía la autopercepción de salud en la vejez. La muestra estuvo conformada por 634 sujetos de ambos sexos de entre 65 y 100 años (M=77,29, DE= 7,93), quienes completaron un cuestionario sociodemográfico ad-hoc; el Mental Health Continuum- Short Form; la Escala de tres rutas de acceso al bienestar y evaluaron su Autopercepción de salud. Los resultados evidenciaron que en los participantes predominó el bienestar psicológico, el estado de salud mental floreciente, la ruta de acceso al bienestar vida comprometida y la autopercepción de salud positiva. Además, se presentaron correlaciones entre todas las variables de estudio y se encontró que el Modelo de dos continuos de salud mental predijo mejor, por una mínima diferencia en comparación con la Teoría de la auténtica felicidad, la varianza de la autopercepción de salud en la vejez. Concluyendo, éste fue el primer estudio a nivel internacional que analizó y comparó dos modelos contemporáneos del bienestar, los cuales nunca habían sido abordados en conjunto. De esta manera, este estudio permite flexibilizar una nueva forma de repensar esta etapa del ciclo vital.
Georgetown Eye Health Initiative
Authors: Linson Elyse , Zanganeh Tatiana , Korchak Michael , Lustbader Jay
Published: May 2023

As diseases that affect vision become increasingly prevalent, access to vision screenings will become more important. The inhabitants of D.C. General Family Shelter, a homeless shelter in Southeast Washington, D.C., have limited access to primary care, let alone vision care. Educational strategies to improve this disparity provide students the opportunity to develop the attitudes, knowledge, and skills necessary for providing a needed service for underserved patients. Medical students, resident physicians, and faculty of Georgetown University School of Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, and MedStar Washington Hospital Center created the Georgetown Eye Health Initiative (GEHI) to provide an opportunity for students to participate in vision and eye health screening clinics for the underserved and homeless. The establishment, missions, and protocol of GEHI as a functional and educational clinic are described, as well as challenges encountered and future directions. Medical students, residents, and faculty working in collaboration can provide increased access to vision screening and eye health education for the medically underserved. With a focus on community engagement and education, ophthalmology represents a specialty area that has been previously overlooked in student-run clinics and has a significant role at the forefront of preventative care.
What Drives Faculty to Volunteer at a Student-Run Clinic for the Underserved?
Authors: Rubenstein William , Rifkin Robert , Huber Brianne , Pedowitz Elizabeth , Rabkin Jacqui , Thomas David , Meah Yasmin
Published: May 2023

Background: It is estimated that more than half of all US medical schools operate at least one student-run clinic (SRC). These clinics provide care to vulnerable communities and allow students to learn about systems-based practice while improving their clinical skills. All SRCs are supervised by faculty physicians who oversee clinical care while providing ethical and professional guidance to the students. Because an SRC cannot operate without physician volunteers, physician recruitment and retention are important considerations for the student clinic organizers. This study aimed to identify the key factors that promote robust physician engagement in SRCs.Methods: Between January 2012 and March 2015, the East Harlem Health Outreach Partnership (EHHOP), an SRC, administered weekly online surveys to the physicians who volunteered at clinic that week. The survey consisted of ten questions assessing the overall volunteer experience, the competence of the student volunteers, and the clinic flow. Results were compiled and categorized with any answer given three or more times included in the results.Results: Forty-five surveys were completed and included in the analysis. The top reasons for volunteering at the SRC include working with and teaching students, serving a vulnerable population, and the ease of precepting in a well-managed clinic. Fewer respondents indicated that additional incentives would make them more likely to volunteer.Conclusions: The findings suggest that recruiting talented, motivated students and maintaining an efficiently-run clinic â€“ as opposed to providing external incentives â€“ may be the best approach to increasing physician recruitment at SRCs.
Prioritizing Community-Focused Care: The Journal of Student-Run Clinics
Authors: Rosenbaum Brooke E , Kruger Jessica , Goldwaser Eric
Published: May 2023

In the third issue of the Journal of Student-Run Clinics, we highlight community-focused quality improvement at student-run clinics (SRCs). Given the increasing ubiquity of SRCs in health education and underserved communities, regular efforts must be made to assess and improve quality of care and education. Identification of community-specific health priorities is necessary to implement successful quality improvement strategies at SRCs. Needs assessments can help SRCs objectively identify these priorities, implement effective interventions, and successfully evaluate these interventions. Just as SRCs develop programs based on the needs of their community, the SRC must frequently assess the needs of its student volunteers to provide high quality educational experiences. Focused interventions based on the specific needs of the student population can dramatically improve the educational experience of student volunteers and translate into better patient care.
Going Beyond Good Intentions: Needs Assessment for Student-Led Health Outreach in Northern Ontario
Authors: Thorgrimson Joelle , Doble Daphne , Balfour-Boehm Jazmyn , Bastedo Jaya , Cole Jeremy , Doiron FranÃ§ois , Haggarty Moira , Hoy Karoline , McLean Michelle , Rom Karl , Shewfelt Duane , Stephenson Wilson , Haggarty John , Newhouse Ian
Published: May 2023

Background: The pervasiveness of healthcare needs in the context of economic scarcity demands stewardship of healthcare resources. Despite evidence demonstrating the value of student-run clinics (SRCs), those interested in establishing or preserving SRCs are increasingly requested to conduct needs assessments. To our knowledge, no literature has described a needs assessment conducted by a developing SRC, nor how the results might inform the services offered by a SRC. This paper will explore the process, findings, and implications of a needs assessment conducted by an interprofessional team of students in Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada.Methods: A total of 19 semi-structured interviews were conducted. Informants included: sector representatives, potential consumers, and educators. With the use of a comprehensive regional database, a local healthcare center aided with participant selection. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and qualitatively analyzed for thematic content by multiple researchers. While sector representatives and potential consumers are the subject of this paper, analysis of education interviews will be the subject of another publication.Results: The main themes encompassed existing services, primary health concerns, barriers to services, and gaps in services. The most cited health problem was drug and alcohol use. Diabetes, cardiovascular disease and mental illness were also frequently noted. Lack of basic necessities were felt to contribute to poor health. Gaps in services related to system navigation and coordination, mental health and addictions services, and preventative health services, which were felt to be more prominent for women, youth, seniors, First Nations, and LGBT populations. All participants identified opportunities for a SRC. Recommended SRC focus areas included: disease prevention, system navigation, walk-in/urgent care, counseling, safe social space, and mobile services. Some participants commented on the importance of supervision and sustainability.Conclusions: Extensive community healthcare needs were revealed which could be addressed by a SRC, while continued research exploring the effectiveness of a SRC response to a priori identified needs is warranted.
Foot Exams in a Student-Run Clinic
Authors: Steinman Jeremy , Wosiski-Kuhn Marlena , Haddad Devin , Ramos John , Callahan Kathryn E
Published: May 2023

Background: Chronic diabetes management is challenging in any clinic. A quality improvement study addressed the barriers affecting diabetic foot examination rates in a student-run clinic. Methods: Between February 1, 2013 and December 31, 2015, providers received education about exam components and reminders to perform the exam. Two reminder phases were implemented: 1) inked stamps in the chart and 2) Diabetes Care Forms (a half sheet explaining the exam and streamlining documentation). All encounters for patients with diabetes (451) were retrospectively selected from an internal database for analysis of the presence or absence of chart reminders and diabetic foot examinations. Microsoft Excel was used for basic statistical analysis and chart propagation; SAS was used for chi-square testing. Results: Pre-intervention encounters had an exam rate of 33% (43/107). During the stamp-based intervention between February 1, 2013 and January 31, 2014, the overall exam rate was 78% (86/110, p<0.0001 from baseline) and 90% with the presence of a stamp (81/90, p<0.0005 from pre-intervention). During the Diabetes Care Form (DCF) intervention between February 1, 2014 and December 31, 2015, the overall exam rate was 83% (158/191, p<0.0001 from baseline, p>0.10 from stamp intervention) and 97% for the charts with a DCF (143/148, p<0.0001 from baseline, p<0.05 from stamp intervention).Conclusions: Academic detailing and visual reminders are effective techniques to improve the rate of diabetic foot examinations. A half sheet of paper serving as documentation and as a reminder increased the rate of foot exams in a student-run free clinic with paper charts and rotating clinical staff.
Improving the Reach Out and Read Program at a Student-Run Free Clinic for Homeless Women and Children
Authors: Kindratt Tiffany Billmeier , Pagels Patti , Salinas Heather , Chung Kathy , Moehlman Molly
Published: May 2023

Background: We evaluated the Reach Out and Read program in a student-run clinic serving homeless women and children. Objectives were to improve documentation of book delivery and provision of anticipatory guidance in electronic health records (EHRs) and determine changes in student managersâ€™ knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards pediatric literacy.Methods: We evaluated eligible pediatric visits (N=201) and compared the number of books distributed to patients documented on paper to those documented in SOAP notes, which provides a clinic visit summary in EHRs. Student managers received didactic trainings on pediatric literacy, documentation skills, and ways to train volunteers. Student managers were trained to document that a book was provided to the patient, identify which book was provided, and specify that anticipatory guidance about reading was given to the parent in the SOAP note. Student managers were advised to train other student volunteers in this skill. Pediatric literacy knowledge and attitudes were evaluated before and three months after didactic training. Practice behaviors were evaluated after training. SOAP notes were evaluated six months later to determine improvements.Results: Documentation of book delivery in SOAP notes increased (12.5-77.8%) after didactic training (p<0.001). Significant improvements in studentsâ€™ literacy knowledge were found (p=0.0201). Most students (67%) practiced reading aloud to patients and asked parents to demonstrate reading. After training, all SOAP notes included the name of the book and that anticipatory guidance was provided.Conclusions: Our results emphasize that training can be effective at improving student managersâ€™ knowledge, attitudes, practices, and documentation skills in student-run clinics.
Developing an Interprofessional Student-Led Clinic to Address Health Disparities in a Pacific Islander Migrant Community
Authors: McElfish Pearl Anna , Hudson Jonell , Schulz Thomas K , Warmack Thomas S , Moore Ramey , Purvis Rachel S , Dalke Matthew , Buron Bill
Published: May 2023

Student-led free clinics (SLFC) have become a way to provide care to vulnerable, uninsured populations. SLFCs can offer the opportunity to integrate interprofessional education models emphasizing the roles of different health care disciplines with hands-on learning experiences for students. In 2013, the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest established the North Street Clinic, an interprofessional SLFC, in an effort to address the health disparities of the local Marshallese community. This article describes the establishment of the clinic and highlights its core features, such as its unique patient population, interprofessional care teams, use of community health workers, chronic disease management, community partnerships, and use of technology. The North Street Clinic can serve as a model for other SLFCs seeking to integrate IPE into a free care model focused on meeting the chronic disease disparities of an underserved population.
Containing Prescription Drug Costs at a Resource-Limited, Student-Run Clinic for the Uninsured
Authors: Batra Jaya , Xu Haoming , Rifkin Robert A , Wang Ann , Atteberry Preston , Thomas David C , Meah Yasmin S
Published: May 2023

Prescription drug coverage and reduced medication copayments have been shown to increase medication adherence, improve health care outcomes, and reduce racial and ethnic outcome disparities. This is especially true for uninsured patients who face greater obstacles and cost-barriers in obtaining medications than their insured counterparts. For this reason, some free clinics, including our own, provide medications to patients at no out-of-pocket cost. However, the price of supplying pharmaceuticals and medical supplies at reduced or no cost is a significant financial burden to free clinics, particularly those committed to providing care to the chronically ill, a population whose monthly drug costs can be steep. In this article, we present our free clinicâ€™s evidence-based, value-conscious approach to providing patients with prescription medications at no charge, and evaluate the cost-savings of this operation. Specifically, we highlight the following three strategies and the associated annual savings: implementation of an evidence-based formulary with drug costs available at the point-of-care; the use of Patient Drug Assistance Programs to obtain expensive, off-formulary medications; and utilization of wholesale vendors to obtain blood glucose testing supplies. We present the opportunities, limitations, and lessons learned from this ongoing effort for free clinics to optimize their own drug and medical supply coverage programs.
Texting and Educating on Lifestyle Therapy: A Pilot Study in a Spanish-Speaking Population in North Carolina
Authors: Liu Ina , Jones Madison , Anderson Sarah , Feng Catherine , Tillman Frank , Marciniak Macary
Published: May 2023

Background: Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death in Hispanic populations, largely due to the prevalence of risk factors such as diabetes and hypertension. Literature supports the use of mobile technology, particularly text messaging, as a nontraditional means to provide targeted health coaching and positively impact cardiovascular health.Methods: The primary objective of this prospective cohort study was to determine the impact of an educational texting program on participantsâ€™ blood pressure and confidence in managing their health. A total of 32 participants for this study were recruited via six weekly announcements during the Spanish Mass at a Catholic Church. Eligible patients were 18 years or older, owned a mobile phone with unlimited text messages, and provided informed consent. Following study enrollment, participants completed a pre-survey that described demographic characteristics, cardiovascular-related medical conditions, preference for English or Spanish messages, and confidence in managing their own health; investigators recorded the participantsâ€™ blood pressure at baseline. Participants received two messages per week focused on lifestyle modifications for 20 weeks. At study conclusion, a total of 7 participants completed a post-survey assessing participantâ€™s perception of the program and a final blood pressure was recorded. The Siegel-Tukey was used to assess pre- and post-surveys; Wilcoxon signed-rank assessed pre- and post-blood pressure measurements.Results: There were no differences in confidence measured before and after intervention. Participants who completed the post-survey found the messages to be helpful, ranking the messages 9/10 in terms of helpfulness, and 86% expressed interest in continuing their enrollment. There was a decrease in systolic blood pressure from pre-hypertensive to normal range (131 to 118 mmHg).Conclusions: This pilot study exemplifies the potential benefits of a text messaging platform to provide health coaching.
A Student-Run Free Mental Health Clinic for the Immigrant and Refugee Population in Clarkston, Georgia
Authors: Foster Celia , Polychroniou Philip , Ward Martha , Schwartz Ann
Published: May 2023

Immigrant and refugee populations have high rates of mental health diagnoses but typically access services at lower rates than the general population because of cultural and structural impediments. Comprehensive health care is essential for future societal success of this population. This article discusses the establishment of a monthly mental health clinic at a pre-existing health center catering primarily to refugee and immigrant populations. In addition to its primary goal of meeting a need for low-cost mental health services, a secondary goal was to provide medical students and psychiatry residents with an opportunity to treat diverse populations and thereby increase their ability to provide culturally sensitive care. This article outlines the clinicâ€™s operations, to date, as well as successes and challenges faced.
Utilizing a Qualitative Needs Assessment With Multiple Stakeholders to Design a New Family Medicine Student-Run Clinic
Authors: Tucker Shanna , Jarolimova Jana , Naushad Nida , Viswanathan Vidya , Ogur Barbara , Simon Steven R , DeMasi Monica
Published: May 2023

Student-faculty clinics have played an important role in caring for underserved populations over the last several decades. In 2013, a multi-site student-faculty primary care practice expanded to a family medicine clinic in Somerville, Massachusetts. A needs assessment was conducted to tailor the design of the new student-faculty clinic to the unmet needs of the patient population. Semi-structured interviews were performed with key stakeholders, including current patients at the health center, clinic staff, and representatives of community organizations. Interviews elucidated such themes as: a desire for lengthened patient visits, interest in more advice on nutrition and weight loss, a need for increased mental health services, and assistance with navigation of the healthcare system. The results of this needs assessment were then incorporated into the design of the new student-faculty clinic, featuring longer appointment times, health education, and close connections to mental health services. This article describes a systematic approach to conducting a comprehensive needs assessment for health professional programs interested in developing student-faculty clinics, and the incorporation of needs assessment results into the design of such a clinic.
Systematic Review of Patient-Centered Needs Assessments Performed by Free Health Clinics
Authors: Arenas Daniel Jose , Noche Rommell , Thomas Arthur , Hallak Dania , Raman Swathi
Published: May 2023

Background: Free clinics, such as student-run clinics (SRCs), aim to improve healthcare for underserved populations. These populations, which include homeless individuals, low-income citizens, immigrants, and other marginalized groups, have different needs that can also vary by location. It is thus important that SRCs strive to know their patient populations. Needs assessments (NAs) are a tool to achieve this goal. To further develop NAs by SRCs, we sought to synthesize the state of published NAs by free clinics. This manuscript is meant to encourage these clinics to perform more NAs.Methods: We conducted a systematic review of manuscripts containing the concepts â€œstudent clinicâ€ and â€œneeds assessmentâ€. We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Manuscripts were included in the review if they 1) were peer-reviewed, 2) described a free-of-charge clinic, 3) performed a NA, and 4) the NA investigated needs or concerns of patients and/or the community. NAs were defined as an approach to gather information about a patient population with the goal of improving their healthcare. Results: The initial search yielded 94 manuscripts; 18 manuscripts met inclusion criteria and were retained for full examination. The NAs showed a plethora of different purposes, methodologies, and useful results. From the analysis, we also present suggestions for future NAs.Conclusions: The existing peer-reviewed and published NAs by student-run clinics show the immense utility and potential of this tool. There is ample opportunity to publish and expand more NAs.
A Case Study of Complex Care Management at a Student-Run Free Clinic
Authors: Nourse Susan E , Franco Christine L , Johnson Emily H , Williams Brent C
Published: May 2023

Free clinics are an essential part of the United States health care safety net, and student-run free clinics comprise a significant proportion of free clinics nationally. These clinics operate with limited resources but see a population of medically and socially complex patients. Complex care management is a spectrum of care models targeting high-need, high-cost patients designed to improve outcomes and reduce overutilization of health care which have been implemented in many health care settings. Common features of care management programs include patient selection, specialized care managers, and multidisciplinary medical teams. Patients seen at student-run free clinics would benefit from the principles of complex care management. The principles of complex care management have been incorporated into patient care at the University of Michigan Student-Run Free Clinic (UMSRFC) as part of a pilot care management protocol. Patients seen from May 2016 through April 2017 during the first year of the programâ€™s implementation were included in this descriptive report. Approximately 30 patients out of 208 unique patients seen from May 2016-April 2017 were considered complex and managed according to this protocol. Three representative patients were selected as illustrative examples by the authors and their care is described. Features that complicated the care of these patients included uninsured status, insurance ineligibility, poor health literacy, inability to afford medications, multiple comorbid chronic health conditions, mental health disorders, and difficulty with telephone communication. Their outcomes included one patient being successfully transitioned to established health care systems, one patient establishing continuity of care at the UMSRFC with improved management of chronic health conditions, and one patient being lost to follow up. Principles of complex care management may be able to be adapted to fit the limitations of the student-run free clinic model. The implementation of these programs may improve health care outcomes for patients with complex needs.
Does Participation in Physical Therapy Student-Run Free Clinics Relate to Altruism, Social Responsibility, and Cultural Competency Post-Graduation? A Pilot Study
Authors: Godoshian Monica Rose , Yorke Amy
Published: May 2023

Introduction: The American Physical Therapy Association Code of Ethics and Vision Statement encourage physical therapists to provide pro bono services to the economically disadvantaged, uninsured, and underinsured. Despite professional socialization during professional education, physical therapists and physical therapy students consistently indicate the need for improvement in social responsibility and altruism. The purpose of this study is to identify if participation in student-run free clinics (SRFC) as student physical therapists correlates with high values of altruism, social responsibility, and cultural competency as practicing physical therapists.

Methods: An electronic survey was distributed to practicing therapists who had the opportunity to participate in SRFCs as physical therapy students. The survey consisted of 48 questions divided into six sections: SRFC involvement; value on providing pro bono services, altruism, social responsibility, cultural competency; demographics.

Results: Eighty-five practicing physical therapists completed the survey. A significant correlation was found between hours volunteered in a SRFC and valuing altruism (rs=0.32, p=0.003) and hours volunteered and valuing providing pro bono services (rs=0.56, p<0.001). A significant correlation was also found between holding a leadership position in a SRFC and valuing providing pro bono services (rs=0.45, p<0.001). Of those who previously volunteered, 86.3% (n=63) indicated that they never to occasionally provide pro bono services in their current practice. In addition, 52.1% (n=38) indicated that they never to occasionally provide physical therapy services to underserved and underrepresented populations in their current practice.

Conclusion: Practicing physical therapists are lacking demonstration of social responsibility and altruism despite participation in SRFCs as physical therapy students.
Addressing the Need for Sexual, Mental, and Physical Healthcare in San Antonioâ€™s Underinsured Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Population
Authors: Egan Donald , Castillo Jelina Marie , Nguyen Stacy , Hardy Claude , Hill Jessica , Jones Cassandra , Rawson Delaney
Published: May 2023

Background: In 2014, students from the University of Texas Health San Antonio Long School of Medicine conducted a community assessment of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) healthcare needs. Participants reported low levels of sexually-transmitted infection (STI) screening, incomplete reporting of sexual history, and a desire for LGBTQ+-friendly physicians. As a result, a student-run free clinic, the Pride Community Clinic (PCC), was established. The PCC provides STI testing, mental health counseling, hormone replacement therapy (HRT), discounted medications, pre-exposure prophylaxis, human immunodeficiency (HIV) testing, and Pap smears. The purpose of this study is to analyze the demographics of the population treated at the PCC and the resources used to inform future developments within the clinic.

Methods: PCC patient records were analyzed, and quantitative analysis was conducted with Microsoft Excel. The qualitative analysis was performed using notes written by medical students, attending physicians, and mental health providers.

Results: The average age of patients (n=44) was 22 years, with a standard deviation of 10 years. Of the patients, 52% were racial minorities, and 50% lived below the poverty line. 84% identified as transgender and 68% a sexual minority. Additionally, 84% did not have a primary care provider, and 89% did not have insurance. HIV, gonorrhea, chlamydia, hepatitis C, and syphilis education were the most common screenings done. A review of medical notes found themes of transgender exploration, problems with healthcare access, and the utilization of counseling and preventative care.

Conclusions: The PCC offers low-cost care for the underserved LGBTQ+ population in San Antonio. HRT is a common reason for visits, but patients also utilize STI testing and mental health services. The clinic has provided a valuable opportunity for students not only to gain general clinical experience but also to learn about the unique needs of LGBTQ+ patients.
Convite à história oral aplicada
Authors: Maceno Lucas Sales
Published: May 2023

Resenha da obra "Memórias e narrativas: história oral aplicada" dos autores José Carlos Sebe Bom Meihy e Leandro Seawright.
Udviklingslaboratorier som metode til kompetenceudvikling i teknologiforståelse
Authors: Wiskerchen Mikkel , Andersen Lars Bo , Emtoft Laura Mørk , Jespersen Peter , Kornholt Britta , Madsen Pernille Hargbøl , Møller Lise Dissing , Nielsen Lone , Schou Ditte Vejby
Published: May 2023

Artiklen beskriver forfatternes egne erfaringer med udviklingslaboratorier som metode til kompetenceudvikling af undervisere på læreruddannelsen i teknologiforståelse som delfaglighed i undervisningsfaget dansk og grundfaget pædagogik og lærerfaglighed (PL). Indledningsvis redegøres for teori om udviklingslaboratorier og teknologiforståelse, hvorefter forfatterne redegør for egne ‘didaktiske refleksioner’ over to af de afholdte udviklingslaboratorier. Afslutningsvis diskuteres sigtelinjer for det gode udviklingslaboratorie i en kompetenceudviklingssammenhæng. Artiklens to refleksioner fremhæver især, hvordan udviklingslaboratoriet kan åbne udviklingsrum i veletablerede fag og fagligheder, hvordan de afhænger af deltagernes kompetencer og motivation til at foretage konkrete eksperimenter og ikke mindst hvordan laboratorier kan fremme fagmøder og meningsskabelse mellem de mange fag og fagområder, der er impliceret i teknologiforståelse i dansk og PL.