bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perspective Chapter: Social Distancing and Isolation – Unintended Consequences, Concerns, and Antidotes for Older Adults
Authors: Joy Lanou Amy , Jones Jeff , Noble Louise , Smythe Thomas , Alexa Gambrill Lauren , Olson Emma , Woodall Tasha
Published: June 2022

Social isolation and loneliness are critical social drivers of health and need to be recognized as such. Safety efforts due to the COVID-19 pandemic have increased social isolation, highlighted the digital divide for older adults and rural communities, and have exacerbated related health concerns especially among older adults. Opportunities for increasing social connectedness of older adults and others who are isolated must be prioritized to decrease the impact of social isolation and loneliness on mental and physical health. Recommendations for policies, programs, and other actions addressing social isolation as a determinant of healthy aging by supporting community and individual social connectedness are highlighted using case examples from the western region of North Carolina. The purpose of this chapter is to urge policy makers and health professionals to prioritize policies, programs, and support for social connectedness as an antidote to turn the tide on the widespread impact of social isolation on the health of older adults.
Advances in the Nonpharmacological Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Lorenzo López Reboiro Manuel , Franco Gutierrez Raul , Ramos Rúa Laura , del Carmen Basalo Carbajales María , Rodrigo Lara Laura , Fraga González Candela , Sobrado Moreiras Celia , Manuel Cerqueiro González José , López Castro José
Published: June 2022

Atrial fibrillation is a very frequent arrhythmia in our daily clinical practice, either isolated or associated with other heart diseases. It has high relevance as it can act as a decompensating agent of other heart diseases or damage the myocardium itself. Traditionally, the treatment of atrial fibrillation has been based on rhythm and rate control and also the treatment of its complications. To rhythm control, electrical or pharmacological cardioversion has been used, and different groups of bradycardizing drugs have been used for rate control. Anticoagulation is the most relevant treatment to prevent thromboembolic phenomena secondary to atrial fibrillation. However, with the recent development of endovascular procedures, the use of ablation to maintain sinus rhythm in this kind of patients has been increased displacing the use of other treatment strategies. Therefore, in this chapter, we would review the present evidence in the use of ablation techniques as atrial fibrillation treatment.
The Effect of Behcet’s Disease on Female and Male Sexual Functions
Authors: Khabbazi Alireza , Shafiee-Kandjani Ali Reza , Kavandi Hadise , Asadi Morteza , Panahzadeh Maryam
Published: June 2022

Background: Behcet’s disease (BD) is a chronic disease with adverse effects on sexual function and some likely effects on marital satisfaction, thereby posing some problems in family dynamics. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effects of BD on sexual function in females and males and determine the relationship between the clinical manifestations of BD and sexual function. Methods: Fifty-one patients with BD and 50 healthy controls were included in this study. Inclusion criteria were: being married, aged 18 - 55 years, being sexually active, and having sex during the past four weeks. Sexual function was assessed for the groups using the female sexual function index (FSFI) for women and the international index of erectile function (IIEF) for men. Results: Sexual dysfunctions were observed in 82.9% of the females with BD and 14.3% of the healthy females. The total score of sexual performance and its subscales were significantly lower in the female patients with BD than the controls. No significant difference was observed between the males with BD and the controls regarding the total score of the IIEF and its subscales. Conclusions: Sexual dysfunction in BD patients seems to pose a significant problem; hence, it is recommended to be assessed by physicians during routine examinations.
The Effect of Sub-chronic Administration of Brewed Coffee on Long-term Potentiation in a Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Hosseini Razieh , Mirshekar Mohammad Ali , Sedaghat Gohar , Clark Cain C.T. , Jalali Mohammad
Published: June 2022

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative illness that causes memory loss and cognitive impairment. For neurodegenerative illnesses, the therapeutic properties and healthy advantages of brewed coffee (BC) intake have been widely explored. Objectives: This research aimed to look into the findings of sub-chronic BC administration on long-term potentiation (LTP) as a model of synaptic plasticity that supports memory function in the hippocampus in rat models of AD. Methods: In this study, 32 male Wistar rats were utilized as test subjects. The animals were randomly divided into four groups with eight rats in each group as follows: (1) Sham (animals that received normal saline (NS)), (2) streptozotocin (STZ), (3) BC, and (4) BC-STZ. Animals were treated for three weeks. Results: The amplitude of excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) in the BC + STZ (164.23 ± 11.33%; n = 8) group significantly increased compared to the STZ group at 0.25 h after HFS (P = 0.0330). Also, it significantly increased in the BC + STZ group at 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, and 2 h (P = 0.4481, P = 0.4609, P = 0.1239, P = 0.0017, P = 0.0413, P = 0.0851, P = 0.1323) after HFS. Moreover, the slope of EPSPs in the BC-STZ group showed an overall improvement compared to the STZ group at 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, and 2 h (P = 0.1511, P = 0.0004, P = 0.0394, P = 0.0038, P = 0.0002, P = 0.0059, P = 0.0245, and P = 0.4126, respectively) after HFS during LTP recording time. Conclusions: In conclusion, the present study found that BC consumption improved synaptic plasticity and memory in rat models of AD induced by STZ. However, more studies are needed to elucidate BC's neuroprotective mechanisms.
Epistemic Arrogance, Moral Harm, and Dementia
Authors: Bottenberg Frances ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: June 2022

When it comes to supporting the well-being of a person living with dementia, remaining sensitive to that person’s interests can be challenging, given the impairments that typically define the condition particularly in its later stages. Epistemic arrogance, an attitude regularly adopted by people not living with dementia towards those who are, further impedes this task. In this case, epistemic arrogance amounts to the assumption that one sufficiently knows or can imagine what it is like to live with dementia to make decisions in matters concerning the care and well-being of someone with dementia, without appropriately consulting their views and preferences. Drawing on three fictional scenarios, I describe common pathways for epistemic arrogance in dementia-support contexts and the ways in which these cause moral harm, linking them to central issues in dementia studies and medical ethics, including person-centered care, the “best interests” principle and the prescriptive reach of advance directives.
Characteristics ofHER2Gene Amplification by Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization in Endometrial Serous Carcinoma: Implications for Clinical HER2 Testing and Interpretation
Authors: Buza Natalia , Hui Pei
Published: June 2022

Context.—

Targeted anti–human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) therapy has recently become the standard for advanced-stage and recurrent HER2-positive endometrial serous carcinoma (ESC) in the United States, and an endometrial carcinoma–specific HER2 testing algorithm has been proposed. However, comprehensive studies on the specific features of HER2 gene amplification in these tumors are lacking.

Objective.—

To evaluate the characteristics of HER2 amplification in ESC in the context of breast and gastric HER2 fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) guidelines.

Design.—

Ninety-four ESCs with available HER2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) and FISH were included. HER2 IHC was scored according to the proposed endometrial carcinoma–specific algorithm, and FISH was evaluated by using the 2018 ESC clinical trial criteria, the American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists (ASCO/CAP) 2016 gastric criteria, and the ASCO/CAP 2013 and 2018 breast criteria.

Results.—

Most tumors (90.4%; 85 of 94) had a 2+ HER2 IHC score. Polysomy of chromosome 17 was present in 16% (15 of 94) and monosomy 17 was seen in 2% (2 of 94) of tumors. HER2 FISH interpretation per the clinical trial criteria (HER2/CEP17 ratio ≥ 2.0) showed 99% concordance with the current gastric and breast HER2 FISH interpretations.

Conclusions.—

Our results support the clinical trial criteria for HER2 FISH in ESC with a modification to include HER2 IHC 2+ and HER2/CEP17 ratio less than 2.0 and average HER2 copy number of 6.0 or greater in the HER2-positive category. Future prospective clinical investigations are necessary to assess the correlation between specific HER2 FISH result categories and therapeutic response.
Interpretación de la teoría “La espiral del silencio” de Noelle-Neumann en la obra El Sanatorio de Nuria Amat
Authors: Mahi Wisem
Published: June 2022

Con el presente artículo, presentamos la obra de Nuria Amat El Sanatorio escrita en 2016, destacada por la valentía en desafiar el orden político vigente en Cataluña; el separatismo apoyado en la mitad de los catalanes, quiere forjar su camino independiente de España como República catalana. Este trabajo pretende mostrar cómo reaccionan los callados, la mayoría silenciosa contraria al independentismo catalán  frente a la gente que posee el poder, en este caso los separatistas catalanes.  Así, nos preguntamos: ¿acaso los callados del Sanatorio son mayoría silenciosa o núcleo duro? También, hasta qué punto Amat interpretó las dos partes conflictivas. En la metodología que desarrollamos se aplica la diferenciación entre  el término “nosotros”, los callados entre ellos la escritora y  “ellos” los dominantes, en este caso los líderes del independentismo en Cataluña. Se trata también de saber qué papel desempeñan los medios de comunicación de masas en manejar  la opinión pública.
Govtechs contra a pandemia da Covid-19: o Brasil sem corona (Colab)
Authors: Rodrigues Carla Cristina Santos , Barros Samuel Anderson Rocha
Published: June 2022

A presente pesquisa investiga a possibilidade das GovTechs contribuir para a mediação entre as demandas dos cidadãos e os governos municipais no contexto da pandemia de Covid-19, especificamente é apresentado um estudo de caso da plataforma “Brasil Sem Corona”, uma iniciativa da GovTech Colab, um fenômeno relevante, entre outras razões, por apontar para lógicas da plataformização da comunicação política digital. Foram definidas as seguintes dimensões analíticas: 1) democrática; 2) procedimental; 3) sociotécnica; 4) de inovação; 5) de participação; e 6) captação de recursos. Os resultados indicam que a iniciativa buscou garantir visibilidade para a pauta do monitoramento da Covid-19 no Brasil e a participação dos cidadãos como agentes na produção de informações que subsidiaram decisões de políticas adotadas por parte de municípios que adotaram a plataforma.
EMPREENDIMENTOS DE ECONOMIA SOLIDÁRIA SOB ENFOQUE DOS 4 P’S DO COMPOSTO DE MARKETING
Authors: Schulz Jéferson Réus da Silva , Zajonz Bruna Tadielo , Possani Laura , Dörr Andrea Cristina , Brum Tônia Magali Moraes
Published: June 2022

A ideia de comércio justo, ético e solidário está relacionada a um processo de intercâmbio comercial orientado para a valorização e reconhecimento do trabalho e das expectativas de produtores e consumidores. Práticas que visam incentivar a economia local, seja no âmbito da produção ou do consumo, requerem estratégias de marketing bem estruturadas e elaboradas. O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir as potencialidades do marketing como forma de promoção e fortalecimento dos empreendimentos de economia solidária através dos 4 P’s do composto de marketing. A pesquisa foi realizada durante a 21ª FEICOOP e 10ª Feira Latino Americana de Economia Solidária, caracterizando-se como um levantamento de campo. O presente estudo apresenta uma amostra de 140 formulários aplicados no público da feira durante os dias 18, 19 e 20 de julho de 2014. Os resultados indicam que o público acredita que a internet é o melhor local para divulgação dos produtos, considerando muito boa a ideia de um site para divulgação dos mesmos. Conclui-se que nos empreendimentos de economia solidária o produtor é o principal responsável pela realização dos quatro elementos que compõe o composto de marketing.
SISTEMA PRODUTIVO SUINÍCOLA: ABORDAGENS BIOLÓGICA, DE PROCESSOS, SISTÊMICA E LOGÍSTICA
Authors: Santos Leandro Duarte dos , Mayerle Sérgio Fernando , Rocha Jhulielli , Rodriguez Carlos Manuel Taboada
Published: June 2022

O conhecimento das atividades, processos, bem como do fluxo de insumos, produtos e informações podem basear o gerenciamento de um sistema produtivo, ocasionando assim vantagens competitivas, redução de custos e previsões de ações futuras. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar - fundamentado na literatura e através de enfoques biológico, produtivo, sistêmico e logístico - os processos, entradas, saídas, atividades e fluxos que fazem parte da produção suinícola, a fim de contribuir para o seu desenvolvimento econômico, social e ambiental. Através de uma visão sistêmica da produção suinícola, verificou-se que a distância entre as granjas e a região fornecedora de ração influencia fortemente aspectos econômicos e ambientais. Assim, granjas localizadas próximas às plantações de grãos apresentam vantagens competitivas. Baseado neste argumento verificou-se uma tendência migratória da suinocultura brasileira, da região sul para a nova fronteira agrícola MAPITOBA. A fim de mitigar os efeitos negativos ocasionados por esta migração, medidas tecnológicas, administrativas e políticas devem ser tomadas.
AVALIAÇÃO DE DESEMPENHO EM SISTEMAS DE ABASTECIMENTO DE ÁGUA: SELEÇÃO DE REFERENCIAL TEÓRICO E ANÁLISE BIBLIOMÉTRICA
Authors: Ensslin Leonardo , Ensslin Sandra Rolim , Kusterko Sheila Karoline , Chaves Leonardo Corrêa
Published: June 2022

O crescimento populacional, a escassez de água, a deterioração das tubulações e estruturas são alguns dentre muitos desafios enfrentados por empresas de abastecimento de água. Nesse sentido, a avaliação de desempenho torna-se fundamental para priorizar ações de aperfeiçoamento e, via de consequência, potencializar resultados em tais companhias. Esta pesquisa, de natureza exploratória-descritiva, teve como objetivo selecionar e identificar artigos de forma estruturada sobre o tema “Avaliação de Desempenho em Sistemas de Abastecimento de Água” por meio do Knowledge Development Process – Constructivist (Proknow-C). Foram encontrados 949 artigos brutos em 6 bases de dados do Portal de Periódicos da Capes, os quais após a filtragem prevista no Proknow-C, resultaram em 19 artigos que compuseram o Portfólio Bibliográfico (PB) com 68 referências. Na análise bibliométrica foi observado como periódico de maior destaque o Water Policy. Os autores de maior destaque foram H. Ramos, R. C. Marques, S. Sharma, K. Vairavamoorthy e H. E. Mutikanga. O artigo com maior reconhecimento bibliográfico foi Efficiency measurement in Australian local government: The case of New South Wales municipal water services, de K. Woodbury e B. Dollery, com 42 citações. As palavras-chave mais relevantes para o tema foram: Performance indicators, Water supply systems, Asset management, Performance evaluation e Water Utilities, consideradas na pesquisa inicial.
PERCEPÇÃO DE ALUNOS DE ESCOLAS PÚBLICAS SOBRE RECICLAGEM: FERRAMENTAS DE INICIAÇÃO A EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL
Authors: Teixeira Robson da Silva , Souza Rodrigo Otavio Lopes de , Vasconcellos Carlos Alexandre Bastos de
Published: June 2022

Este estudo pretende disseminar a educação ambiental nos alunos do 9º ano do ensino fundamental de escolas públicas da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, buscando conscientizá-los sobre os aspectos ambientais em torno da coleta seletiva e do reaproveitamento desses materiais. Foi elaborado um material educativo como uma ferramenta de iniciação à educação ambiental constituído de uma cartilha sobre reciclagem de papel baseado nas informações dadas pelos próprios alunos e ainda, uma oficina de reciclagem onde os alunos podem vivenciar a experiência prática de reciclar materiais. No final desse estudo foi realizado um levantamento com o objetivo de analisar o grau de aceitação do treinamento e a possível replicação dos conhecimentos adquiridos. Os dados analisados evidenciaram que 100% dos alunos, gostaram de ter participado da oficina de reciclagem de papel e os mesmos acreditam ser possível reproduzi-la nas suas residências, utilizando o material de apoio fornecido. Desta forma, concluiu-se que o material proposto serviu para estimular os alunos das escolas públicas do Rio de Janeiro à prática da educação ambiental, formando multiplicadores para a consolidação do processo de sustentabilidade.
MANUTENÇÃO DO PODER GERMINATIVO E DA VARIABILIDADE GENÉTICA DE SEMENTES DE TRIGO DE CULTIVAR FRONTANA
Authors: Lazzari Laudison , Oliveira Gislayne Alves , Denardin Ana Lúcia da Rosa , Georgin Jordana , Tonetto Thaíse da Silva
Published: June 2022

O trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o poder germinativo ao longo do tempo de armazenamento, e estimar a manutenção da variabilidade genética após ciclos de regenerações e multiplicações de um acesso de trigo. Otrabalho foi realizado na Embrapa Trigo, Passo Fundo, RS. O andamento do estudo se deu a partir de sementes de trigo de cultivar Frontana, obtidas de seis regenerações e multiplicações realizadas e armazenadas ao longo dos ultimos 29 anos no BAG-Trigo. Foi realizado o teste de germinação das sementes e a análise dos marcadores moleculares. O poder germinativo das sementes tem se mantido a níveis satisfatórios por mais de 20 anos. O processo de regeneração e multiplicação veem mantendo as características genéticas do acesso.
The influence of social circumstances on the emergence of Hard-Boiled
Authors: Milutinović Dejan
Published: June 2022

The detective genre is based on a narrative that depicts the search for and unraveling of a mysterious offense in a plausible environment. It includes three subgenres (schools): classical, hardboiled, and metadetective. Each subgenre modifies and harmonizes the mentioned narrative with the socio-ideological horizon to which it belongs. In this paper, the social circumstances that led to the transformation of the narratives of the classical school and the emergence of hard-boiled are observed. This subgenre appeared in America in the 1930s. America was a country in crisis, recession and prohibition caused corruption, unemployment, and crime. This caused the audience to lose confidence in the ability of the individual and feel powerless before the industrial, technological, and political forces of mass society. Hard-boiled, in the form of his detective, offers, compared to that of the classical school, a new model of behavior to restore the shaken trust in personal values. Detectives of this school turn to the primordial male determinant and become a phallus, not only in terms of erectile power, which they constantly prove in fighting, drinking, and sexual adventures but also in the name that became their colloquial determinant - dick (penis). The influence of social circumstances in shaping the hard-boiled school of the detective genre is most noticeable in the role of Black Mask magazine, through which almost all important representatives of this subgenre grew. Black Mask taught the authors to write following the expectations of the audience, as well as "invited" readers to become skilled and well-paid workers, to be men and "rough-and-tumble".
A contact stress capacity model for cylindrical wormsets
Authors: Osakue Edward , Anetor Lucky
Published: June 2022

A contact stress capacity expression is derived for cylindrical worm sets by considering the worm as a helical rack mating with a helical gear. The concept of the equivalent spur gear for a helical gear defined by the instantaneous radius of curvature in the virtual plane of the helical gear is utilized in the contact stress capacity model formulation. All the basic design parameters of worm and gear are incorporated in the expression which explicitly shows the influence of the base and nominal helix angles on the contact stress. By considering the geometry of the worm and gear in engagement, active gear face width and active threaded length of the worm are defined and used to estimate load sharing among gear teeth. This allows the interaction of motion and forces in wormset meshes to be captured by a semi-empirical factor, an aspect not previously considered. The new model also accounts for multiple threaded worms which seem not to have been treated till now. The service load factor expression for cylindrical gears is modified for wormsets to take account of different worm thread profile designs and mesh friction. Four illustrative examples of contact stress computations are carried out using the new contact stress capacity model for wormset designs from different references. The contact stress estimates from the new model are compared with previous solution values. The estimated percentage variances between the previous and new model values are within the range of -4.5% to 0.3%. These variances indicate excellent to a very favorable comparison that should inspire some confidence in using the new model for preliminary design tasks of cylindrical wormsets.
Design, simulation and experiment of PSO-FOPID controller for height position control of a scissor mechanism platform
Authors: Norsahperi Nor , Ahmad Salmiah , Toha Siti , Mutalib Mohd
Published: June 2022

This paper proposes the PSO-FOPID controller, which is a Fractional Order Proportional-Integral-Derivative (FOPID) controller tuned using particle swarm optimization with spreading factor algorithm for height position control of a scissor mechanism platform. The tuning process of five control gains in the FOPID controller is technically challenging to achieve high position accuracy. In this study, this problem is addressed through the offline tuning method by using particle swarm optimization with the spreading factor algorithm to reduce the complexity in tuning the control gains. From the experimental study, it is found that the proposed controller can eliminate the steady-state error under the two input references with approximately 1.5% and 0.9% reductions of the overshoot and undershoot in the height position response as compared to its promising performances in simulations. It is envisaged that the PSOFOPID controller can be useful in designing effective height position control of a non-linear platform.
Modeling of load carrying capacity and durability of metal-polymer spur gears made of polyamide RA6 based compositions
Authors: Chernets M. , Kornienko A. , Dukhota A. , Chernets Yu.
Published: June 2022

Based on the author's method of calculation of metal-polymer (MP) gears, the study of load carrying capacity and durability of metal-polymer spur gears with a gear made of unfilled polyamides PA6, PA66, and polyamide PA6 based composites filled with glass (PA6 + 30GF) or carbon (PA6 + 30CF) fibers, molybdenum disulfide (PA6 + MoS2) oil-filled cast polyamide (PA6 + Oil) is performed. The conditions of the teeth engagement and the change of the radiuses of curvature of the involute profile during wear are taken into account. The calculation of the maximum contact pressures during the cycle of teeth interaction - from the entrance to the engagement to the exit from it is performed. The effect of tooth wear on their reduction is also studied. The linear wear of polymer teeth at the selected points of a profile and the characteristic point where the acceptable value is reached (at two-pair or one-pair engagement) is established. The gear's durability is calculated and their comparative estimation is given. Qualitative and quantitative regularities of change of the specified service characteristics of MP gears at the achievement of the acceptable wear of polymeric gear teeth are established.
Sensorless position estimating and transition time identifying for the spool of a high speed on/off solenoid valve
Authors: Aborobaa Abdelfatah , Ghamry Khaled , Saleh Amr , Mabrouk Mohamed
Published: June 2022

In this paper, a sensorless method of detecting the spool position of a high-speed on/off solenoid valve is presented. The method depends on analyzing the time-current curve of the solenoid coil passing current and measuring the maximum stroke of the valve spool, such that the dynamic behavior of the valve is estimated and the spool displacement curve is plotted. A mathematical model of the solenoid valve is developed and the effect of the hydraulic force on the valve spool is studied. Experimental results show that the proposed method error is less than 7% when compared to valve spool displacement measured by the commonly used linear variable displacement transducer.
The effect of Triple Particle sizes on the mechanical behaviour of granular materials using Discrete element method (DEM)
Authors: Talafha Muath , Oldal István
Published: June 2022

Granules are used in various industries such as medicine and agriculture, and their behavior is influenced by the characteristics of the constituent particles. The Discrete Element Method (DEM) is a technique for characterizing the mechanical behavior of granular materials by building a mechanical model that describes the impacted parameters, including particle shape, which is being one of these parameters. As a result, the discrete element method is applied to investigate the macro-and micro-mechanical shear behavior of granular materials. For this study, a gravitational disposition for geometrical arrangement model has been used to model various triple particle sizes for a direct shear test using (EDEM®), which is a three-dimensional (3D) program based on (DEM). Different triple particle sizes were used to create an assembly. The results revealed that the size index affected the relationship between shear strength, angular velocity, dilation, coordination number (CN), and volumetric strain.
Wind speed prediction based on longshort term memory using nonlinear autoregressive neural networks
Authors: Rehman Shafiqur , Salman Umar , Mohandes Mohammed , Al-Sulaiman Fahad , Adetona Sunday , Alhems Luai , Baseer Mohammed
Published: June 2022

Globally, wind power is a technologically matured and commercially accepted technology. However, intermittent and fluctuating wind speed makes it difficult to connect it directly to the grid. It becomes less attractive from the quality and continuous power supply point of view. Nevertheless, the wind speed is affected by meteorological parameters like temperature, pressure, and relative humidity and may be predicted better using all of these parameters or some of the theses as inputs. Since the weather conditions of a particular month repeat approximately after ten years and sometimes even year to year depending on geographical location. This study investigates the errors associated with predicting the wind speed of a particular calendar month using the historical data of the same calendar month in the previous years. Authors propose a strategy for long-term prediction of wind speed based on two nonlinear autoregressive neural network models, (i) nonlinear autoregressive neural network and (ii) nonlinear autoregressive neural networks with exogenous inputs. The models are developed by training the networks with hourly mean wind speed values for seven years, from 2011 to 2017, for three sites in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. These models are used to predict the wind speed for 2018, and the results are compared with the measured data. Both models' effectiveness is evaluated by considering the impact of the exogenous parameters (temperature and atmospheric pressure). The study found that the prediction accuracy of wind speed in long-term forecasting depends not only on the location but also on the repeatability of training samples across the years.
An application of Dingo Optimization Algorithm (DOA) for solving continuous engineering problems
Authors: Milenković Branislav , Jovanović Đorđe , Krstić Mladen
Published: June 2022

In the current research, problems in engineering are becoming more and more prominent. One of the classes of engineering problems in engineering design problems, where a set of variables is calibrated in order for the optimization function to have a minimal or maximal value. This function considers energy efficiency, cost efficiency, and production efficiency in engineering design. One of the ways such problems are solved is metaheuristics. In this paper, we demonstrate how Dingo Optimization Algorithm (DOA) can be used to solve certain optimization problems in mechanical engineering. Firstly, a brief review of the DOA and its biological inspiration is given, along with the most important formulae. The pseudo-code for this algorithm was written using MATLAB R2020a software suite. Dingo Optimization Algorithm (DOA) was used to optimize engineering problems, such as pressure vessel optimization, stepped cantilever beam, car side-impact, and cone clutch optimization. The results presented in this paper show that the DOA can produce relevant results in engineering design problems.
Study of the immersed depth on the natural convection heat transfer from a heated triangular prism embedded in porous media
Authors: Rasheed Suhad , Hasan Abdulsattar
Published: June 2022

Estimating the heat loss encountered in many situations with a hot surface buried in a permeable material greatly contributes to the energy conservation and cost analysis of numerous engineering systems. An experimental study was conducted on the natural convection heat transfer from a triangular prism positioned in a 0.2 m2 test section filled by 3 mm glass spheres as a porous material. The air is the working fluid used in the study with the Darcy-Raleigh number (0.1224≤ Ra* ≤ 0.2712). The triangular prism heater (having face side (c) = 0.026 m and L = 0.2 m) is made of copper that is heated electrically and immersed in the porous material at three different depth to radius ratios (h/R=3.5, 10, and 16.5). The results manifested that the peripheral surface temperature around the triangular prism rises with a rise in the h/R ratio and an increase in the heat flux. The mean Nusselt number is proportional to the heat flux and Darcy-Raleigh number. Empirical correlations were obtained from the experimental results, and the differences between measured and estimated values never exceeded ∓ 2.7.
Progress in Development and Design of DynaRigs for Commercial Ships
Authors: Fluck Manuel , Wright Alexander , Morris Dale , Prince Martyn , Elliott Jeremy
Published: June 2022

For most of the past century sailing was (besides very few exceptions) associated with pleasure and racing only. Recently, however, this is changing as the commercial maritime transport sector becomes increasingly interested in direct wind propulsion systems. The reasons are obvious: increasing fuel cost (direct or though emission penalties) and environmental awareness (intrinsic or driven by customer demands). In this paper differences between the design requirements in the commercial market and the pleasure or racing yacht industry are discussed and enhancements to the existing design tools relevant for commercial studies are presented. Sailing yacht studies have repeatedly shown how important it is to design and optimize the aero and the hydro aspects of the vessel in synchrony. This is equally or even more important for commercial ships, where part of the thrust might still come from the engine. Thus, the engine together with economic objectives of the shipping operations enter into the design space. With DynaRigs already having proved highly successful in the pleasure yacht market and possessing key features which are attractive for the commercial shipping, it serves as a good case-study. A few select results are first presented when analyzing the aerodynamic design space alone. Detailed results from several performance analyses via our Performance Prediction Program (PPP) are then discussed as well as some outcomes from the structural analysis to show the importance of combined aero, structure, hydro, and potentially engine as well as economic design decisions. The paper concludes with an outlook on future work.
Velocity Prediction Program for a Hydrofoiling Lake Racer
Authors: Melis Michele Francesco , Hansen Heikki , Fischer Martin , Abdel-Maksoud Moustafa
Published: June 2022

The aim of the this paper is to develop an accurate and robust six degrees of freedom stationary VPP model applied to a high-performance sailing yacht. The model is set up to assist NC Raceboats with the VPP based hydrofoil design, considering the sailing performance in three modes: archimedean, transition and hydrofoil. The yacht is a lightweight monohull designed for light wind conditions with a variable number of crew members. The design includes a self-stabilizing hydrofoil configuration and an elevator rudder. The software tool, which is used for the velocity prediction program, is FS-Equilibrium, developed by DNV. The software offers a modular workbench in which each force can be modelled with semi-empirical force modules, which are based on validated methods and theories. The performance prediction are interpreted and discussed: as foreseen, the performance of the high-performance lake racer in hydrofoiling condition is significantly greater compared to its assessment in archimedean sailing mode. In medium breeze conditions, the yacht is able to lift up on its hydrofoils and attain flight mode. The minimum hydrofoiling speed investigation demonstrates that the VPP is able to consistently iterate trough the transition mode. This paper shows that it is possible to develop a VPP model for a hydrofoiling sailing yacht on the basis of relatively simple assumptions and theories.
On stories, conceptual space, and physical place: Considering the function and features of stories throughout the narrative ecology
Authors: Dunlop William L. , Wilkinson Westberg Dulce
Published: June 2022

Life stories, or narrative identities, are psychosocial constructions that work to establish a sense of self-continuity through time and across contexts. These stories, which represent a distinct personality domain and assessment paradigm, both inform and are informed by the stories pertaining to constructs within more distal systems (e.g., dyads, households, states, nations, cultures). To this end, we consider the ways in which study of narrative identity may be enhanced by extending the conceptual bounds of its assessment paradigm, to better account for the varied stories within and across these ecological systems. We argue that: a) like narrative identity, stories throughout the narrative ecology function to build and maintain continuity, and b) there are thematic features of narrative identity that transcend divides between these systems including: agency & communion and redemption & contamination. These premises work to focus study of self, society, and story.
Storage and physical fractionation of organic carbon in different phytophysiognomies in the cerrado in the West of Bahia, Brazil
Authors: Carvalho Aline dos Santos de , Soares Neto Joaquim Pedro , Nunes Heliab Bomfim
Published: June 2022

The Western Bahia region is one of the country's agricultural frontiers with the capacity to expand without harming the environment. The aim of this work was to evaluate the total carbon stock and the physical fractions of the organic matter of the soils under different phytophysiognomies of the Cerrado of the West of Bahia. The soils of the studied vegetation types were classified, according to Embrapa (2018) as dystrophic Red-Yellow Latosol (LVAd), (Oxisols), Orthic Quartzarenic Neosol (RQo), (Quartzipsamments) and Haplic Gleysol (GX), (Entisols). In each of the areas, trenches were randomly opened at four points at depths of 0.0-0.10 and 0.10-0.20 m. The total organic carbon (TOC) content was quantified by humic oxidation of organic matter (OM) with potassium dichromate in sulfuric acid. The values ranged in the superficial layer (0.00 to 0.10 m) for the TOC from 4.42 ± 0.22, in the cerrado clean field (CCL) to 48.25 ± 0.14 g kg-1. In the footpath (VRD), for particulate carbon (OCp) the variation was from 0.54 ± 0.36 in the cerrado stricto sensu (CSS) to 20.78 ± 0.80 g kg-1 in the VRD and for carbon associated with mineral fraction (OCam) it varied from 3.07 ± 0.27 in the CCL to 24.34 ± 0.50 g kg-1 in the VRD. The soils under different phytophysiognomies in the cerrado have different levels of TOC, (OCp), OCam and differ, depending on the granulometry and density of trees.
Desenvolvimento de plantas de mandioca jurará creme submetidas a adubação química em diferentes períodos
Authors: Alves Flavia dos Passos , Ferreira Leonardo Elias , Barbosa Antonio Vinicius Correa , Souza Eliziete Pereira de , Ramos Filho Fabiano Luis de Sousa , Perdigão Isabela Lima Cordeiro , Rosário Raimara Reis do Rosário Reis
Published: June 2022

Objetivou-se no presente estudo avaliar as respostas da variedade de mandioca Jurará creme submetida à adubação química com fósforo e nitrogênio em diferentes dias de aplicação após a brotação (DAB). O experimento foi realizado na Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém-PA. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados com cinco tratamentos (T1- adubação fosfatada na fundação + adubação nitrogenada 30 DAB; T2- adubação fosfatada 30 DAB + adubação nitrogenada 60 DAB; T3- adubação fosfatada 30 DAB + adubação nitrogenada 90 DAB; T4- adubação fosfatada 30 DAB + adubação nitrogenada 120 DAB; T5- adubação fosfatada 30 DAB + adubação nitrogenada 150 DAB) e cinco repetições. As variáveis analisadas foram: diâmetro do caule; altura da planta; número de raízes totais e comerciais; número de folhas; massa fresca (cepa, raízes totais sem cepa, raízes comerciais, caule e folhas); comprimento de raízes total e comerciais; diâmetro de raízes comerciais; massa seca (cepa, raízes comerciais, caule e folhas); e índice de colheita. Os dados foram submetidos a Análise de Variância e teste de Tukey a 5%. Constatou-se que os tratamentos T4 e T5 afetaram positivamente o número de folhas, diâmetro do caule, número de raízes totais e comerciais, comprimento de raízes totais e comerciais, diâmetro de raízes comerciais, massa fresca de raízes totais e comerciais, massa fresca do caule, massa fresca das folhas, massa seca da cepa, massa seca do caule e índice de colheita. Dessa forma, concluiu-se que a variedade de mandioca jurará creme foi mais responsiva quando a adubação fosfatada foi realizada aos 30 dias após a brotação e adubação nitrogenada realizada aos 120 e 150 dias após a brotação.
Análise espaço-temporal da influência de rodovias na cobertura florestal em seu entorno
Authors: Wendland Maiara Jaquelini , Hartmann Marilia Teresinha , Hartmann Paulo Afonso
Published: June 2022

Os empreendimentos lineares, dentre eles as estradas e rodovias, provocam alterações físicas e biológicas no seu eixo de implantação e influenciam fortemente na dinâmica da paisagem em seu entorno. Os impactos ocorrem no momento da implantação da rodovia e continuam influenciando ao longo dos anos, principalmente na cobertura florestal. Neste sentido, compreender como a as rodovias influenciam no uso e cobertura da terra é importante para entender e estimar os impactos nas paisagens ao seu redor. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a influência de duas rodovias na cobertura florestal em seu entorno em uma região de floresta subtropical no sul do Brasil. Foram selecionados dois trechos de rodovias que diferissem em termos de estrutura da rodovia e volume e características de tráfego. Com base nestes critérios, foram analisados trechos de 20 km de extensão das rodovias BR 153 e RS 420. Por meio do uso de ferramentas de geoprocessamento e dados disponibilizados pelo sistema MapBiomas foram realizados mapas espaço-temporais, a partir de buffers a cada 1 km, chegando a 3 km da rodovia e em diferentes anos (1985 e 2019). Para o cálculo das métricas dos fragmentos utilizou-se a calculadora do software Qgis, mensurando a área de cada fragmento, a distância da rodovia ao centroide e o índice de circularidade. As médias dos diferentes conjuntos de dados para as rodovias e entre os anos foram comparados com a análise de variância simples (ANOVA). Ao longo dos anos, houve uma redução de área de floresta nativa e aumento da área de floresta plantada, principalmente na área mais próxima da rodovia. De forma geral, o entorno das rodovias apresentou menor fragmentação, maior área florestal e fragmentos maiores, com maior índice de circularidade, nos buffers mais distantes da rodovia. Ou seja, áreas mais próximas as rodovias tendem a ter maior fragmentação, menor cobertura florestal e, como consequência, mais impactos ambientais. Ambas as rodovias influenciaram no entorno, sendo maiores os impactos na rodovia de maior porte.
Vigilância em Saúde Ambiental: estrutura e implicações para controle de riscos em Minas Gerais
Authors: Ramos Alisson Martins , Matos Alice Rodrigues de , Ribeiro Milton Cosme , Cruz Daniela de Almeida Ochoa , Cunha Joice Rodrigues da , Caldeira Marina Imaculada Ferreira
Published: June 2022

O trabalho procura elaborar um perfil dos municípios mineiros relacionado à sua estrutura de Vigilância em Saúde Ambiental por meio da apresentação e discussão de dados de questionário aplicado aos municípios do Estado de Minas Gerais (n=523). Houve tratamento dos dados e classificação relacionados à população e divisão entre as macrorregiões administrativas de saúde. Os resultados apontam para a participação de referências técnicas municipais em cursos nos últimos quatro anos (62,91%), dificuldades na execução das ações (63,86%), baixo percentual de equipamentos de campo, baixo número de profissionais exercendo atividades na área (19,12%) e poucos municípios com veículos exclusivos para as ações em Vigilância em Saúde Ambiental (14,15%). A maior parte das dificuldades na execução das ações foram identificadas nos municípios de pequeno porte populacional. Predominam como escolaridade máxima das equipes municipais o Ensino Médio (45,32%) e o Ensino Superior (40,15%). Identificou-se um perfil heterogêneo entre municípios de diferentes macrorregiões de saúde. Recomenda-se maior sensibilização dos gestores, maior estruturação (recursos humanos, equipamentos, insumos e capacitação), discussões, estudos e ações de caráter intersetorial nas diferentes esferas do poder público. Sugere-se ao governo estadual o fomento a políticas públicas voltadas especificamente para a saúde ambiental, fortalecendo a articulação intersetorial, a qualificação profissional e suporte na aquisição de equipamentos de uso nas ações municipais.
Embalagem sustentável de alimentos: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Costa Mariana Alves da , Bernardo Desirée Bridgitt de França , Vidal Anny Emanuelly de Souza , Mendonça Sérgio Francisco Tavares de Oliveira , Gomes Glêce Milene Santana , Sales Filho Romero Luiz Mendonça
Published: June 2022

As embalagens desempenham um papel muito importante na conservação e comercialização dos alimentos, entretanto, suas contribuições foram deixadas de lado em muitas discussões de sustentabilidade. Por muito tempo, foram tidas como um impacto ambiental indesejável e considerava-se que sua redução ou eliminação eram as melhores soluções. Entretanto, pesquisas mais recentes as identificam como ferramentas importantes para o cumprimento dos objetivos de sustentabilidade da Agenda 2030, principalmente do objetivo 12, “assegurar padrões de consumo e produção sustentáveis”. Nesse contexto, o aumento da eficiência dos sistemas de embalagens de alimentos é imprescindível. Entretanto, as peculiaridades desses sistemas são várias e interagem de diferentes formas com os múltiplos atores e cenários do sistema alimentar global, o que dificulta a adoção de medidas concretas em direção ao cumprimento da agenda. Por isso, para melhor compreensão do conceito de embalagem sustentável de alimentos e do seu atual estado da arte, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática desse tópico. Com isso, foram analisados 40 trabalhos de 18 periódicos, produtos da colaboração de pesquisadores de 61 instituições de 19 países, que têm investigado o papel das embalagens nas cadeias de produção e distribuição de alimentos com diferentes metodologias. Os métodos mais adotados nessas publicações foram Revisão, Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida e Entrevistas, inclusive combinados em um mesmo trabalho, dada a complexidade do tema. Trata-se de um problema multidisciplinar que vem sendo abordado no meio científico há um certo tempo, mas que ainda contém lacunas importantes que demandam mais estudos. Os dados disponíveis ainda são limitados principalmente no sentido de quantificar e qualificar as perdas e desperdícios de alimentos associadas a embalagens inadequadas. Além disso, é preciso investigar as peculiaridades dos múltiplos sistemas embalagem-alimento, bem como a promoção do conhecimento relativo às embalagens entre consumidores no sentido de quebrar paradigmas já ultrapassados que focam no seu impacto individual. Dessa forma, foi possível reunir um corpo de conhecimento atualizado e, para além disso, um conjunto de recomendações que podem guiar pesquisas futuras.
Avaliação do perfil econômico em sistemas agroflorestais com mogno brasileiro, cedro australiano e feijão caupi
Authors: Meireles Rafael Ribeiro , Paula Manoel Tavares de , Mendes Nathália Obando Maia , Vieira Elaine Suzi Nascimento , Ribeiro Hebe Morganne Campos , Duarte João Pedro Machado , Gomes Dênis José Cardoso , Nascimento Max Miler Menezes , Silva Davi Farias da , Pontes Altem Nascimento
Published: June 2022

Os sistemas agroflorestais (SAFs) são utilizados na Amazônia há séculos, teve sua origem a partir da população indígena e é de suma importância para se alcançar uma produção agrícola mais sustentável juntamente com a proteção ambiental do espaço. Desta forma este estudo teve como objetivo comparar e avaliar, economicamente, dois sistemas de agroflorestais formados com mogno brasileiro (Swietenia macrophylla King), cedro australiano (Toona ciliata var. australis M. Roem) e feijão caupi (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walper) localizado no município de Santa Bárbara do Pará. A metodologia utiliza a técnica de fluxo de caixa e os critérios de avaliação econômicos: Valor Presente Líquido (VPL), Relação Benefício Custo (RB/C), Taxa Interna de Retorno (TIR) e Ponto de Equilíbrio (PE) em dois SAFs denominados de SAF-A e SAF-B, com área de 0.34 ha cada. Os resultados estimaram a composição de custos (receita e insumos) necessários para a implantação do Sistema Agroflorestal de 0,34 hectare envolvendo a produção de mogno brasileiro e feijão caupi, com as projeções de produção de cedro australiano, considerando um horizonte de 25 (vinte e cinco) anos e inferiu sobre o fluxo de caixa calculado para cada ano do SAF-A e do SAF-B. A partir dos dados obtidos, nota-se que os SAFs analisados demonstraram ser economicamente viáveis, sinalizando que tal atividade pode ser considerada uma opção alternativa de produção de alimento e geração de renda para os agricultores familiares da região.