bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sonographic Evaluation of Pelvic Pain in Gravid and Non-Gravid Uterus
Authors: Rashad Hira , Khadija Syeda , Farooq Muhammad Yousaf
Published: December 2022

Aim: To evaluate sonographically pelvic pain and contribution of pelvic ultrasound in diagnosing pelvic pathologies in females with gravid and non-gravid uterus. Study Design: Cross-sectional analytical study Place and Duration: Sami Diagnostic and Waraich Ultrasound center Jauharabad (Khushab). Duration of study was 9 months. Methodology: Convenient sampling technique was used and 100 patients were enrolled. Toshiba Xario and Hitachi Aloka ultrasound machines were used. Study included females with gravid uterus, nongravid uterus, and those with pelvic pain present and also with absent pain. It excluded females with non-gynecological complaints. Both transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound modalities were used. Longitudinal, transverse and oblique views were taken. Based on sonographic findings, diagnosis was made and image recorded. SPSS version 22.0 was used for data analysis. Results: In patients with gravid uterus pelvic pain was present in 23 (67.6%) and absent in 11 patients (32.4%). In non-gravid uterus pelvic pain was present in 64 (97.0%) and absent in 2 (3.0%). Most common finding was Intramural uterine fibroid (12%) with pain present in 8 and absent in 4 patients followed by hemorrhagic ovarian cyst HOC (10%) with pelvic pain present in 9 and absent in 1, simple ovarian cysts (7%) caused pelvic pain in 7 patients and in subserosal fibroid (6%) pelvic pain was present in 4 patients and absent in 2 patients. 10% females were presented with pelvic pain but showed normal ultrasound findings. Conclusion: Ultrasound is modality of choice to determine the pelvic pathologies in females. Pelvic pain was present more in non-gravid females. Most incident etiology causing pelvic pain was intramural fibroids. Age factor is one of the most effecting factors for the pelvic pain in gravid uterus. Keywords: Ultrasound, Pelvic pain, Fibroids, Hemorrhagic ovarian cyst, Ovarian cyst
Novel Methodology for the Selection of Cases from MICS data for Growth Charts Development Based on WHO Criterion
Authors: Aasim Muhammad , Chand Sohail
Published: December 2022

Background: The growth charts are very important for monitoring a child growth and for estimation of stunting and wasting in a country. This can be done efficiently if the references and standards for growth monitoring are correct. Aim: To devise the methodology of selection of cases from multiple indicator cluster survey (MICS) data available worldwide under UNICEF for most of the developing and non-developed countries. Methods: This methodology was devised during 1st January 30th June 2022 in College of Statistical Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore. The three rounds of MICS, i.e. the 4th, 5th and 6th, were evaluated for their eligibility to develop a standard growth chart for children under two year’s age. The criteria needed to be met were, singleton, full term birth up to 4thorder, exclusive breastfeeding for 4-6 months, continuing breastfeeding till one year age. Belonging to affluent socioeconomic status, not having any severe illness and born to non-smoking mothers. The MICS data is available in the format of SPSS data files. These files have been explored for the variables answering these questions directly or indirectly. Results: The MICS rounds 4 and 5 were discarded after having a detailed view, as they were not fulfilling the WHO criteria due to missing information for several important variables. The round 6 was found to have direct information on many of the variables, i.e., singleton, full-term, birth order, family size, mother smoking status while some other variables i.e. exclusive breast feeding, severe illness, and not belonging to deprived class were objectively created using some other variables existing in MICS data Conclusion: This methodology for selection of cases, can provide us children with height, weight, age and gender of children as per WHO criteria required to meet for development of the standard growth chart for children under two years age. Keywords: WHO criteria, Pediatric growth standards, MICS
Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training on Cardiovascular Risk Factor Parameters
Authors: Siddiqi R. Omar , Ghafoor Adnan , Siddiqui M. Hasan , Rana M. Asim , Shakeel Salman , Maqsood Aroma , Kamal Jahanzeb , Nasir Ali
Published: December 2022

Background: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) was thought to be effective on physiological parameters. Aim: To determine the effects of high-intensity interval training on lipid profile and other physiological parameters predominantly in men. Study design: Retrospective observational study Place and duration of study: United Medical & Dental College Karachi from 1st August 2021 to 31st January 2022. Methodology: One hundred and twenty six male subjects, either healthy or those with comorbid conditions like HTN and Type 2 DM, aged 20 to 70 years, and weighing ≥50 kg, were included. The subjects were required to complete pre and post-testing, which consisted of measures of body weight, blood glucose, lipid profile, serum glutamic pyruvic transferase (SGPT) and serum uric acid which were measured at baseline and 12 weeks after HIIT. Result: The mean age was 47.66±7.52 years. Body weight, blood glucose, SGPT and lipid profile significantly improved after HIIT training (p<0.05), while there was only a mean decline of 0.20±1.33 mg/dL (p=0.081) in the serum uric acid after HIIT. Conclusion: It was observed that 12 weeks with HIIT showed a significant change in blood glucose and lipid profile levels, indicating that HIIT might help reduce cardiovascular risk. Keywords: High-intensity interval training, Lipid profile, Glucose, Body weight, Cardiovascular risk factors
Association between TIMI Risk Score and in-Hospital Mortality in Acute STEMI Patients Undergoing Primary PCI
Authors: Shah Syed Dilbahar Ali , Shah Arshad Ali , Qasim Afzal , Khan Muhammad Sami , Ahmed Faisal , Wahid Adnan
Published: December 2022

Aim: To determine the association between TIMI risk score and in-hospital mortality and adverse events in acute STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI at a tertiary cardiac care facility. Study design: Retrospective study. Place and duration of study: Catheterization Laboratory of Cardiology Unit, Dr. Ruth KM Pfau, Civil Hospital Karachi from 1st October 2017 to 31st March 2019. Methods: Three hundred and sixty six acute STEMI patients who admitted through emergency and underwent primary angioplasty were enrolled. A proforma was filled out for the said subjects that encompasses continuous and categorical variables including age, gender, family history of coronary artery disease, smoking history, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, onset symptoms to emergency room (whether >4 hours or ≤4 h), location of myocardial infarction [anterior, inferior, lateral or posterior, and right ventricular infarction], drugs given prior to angioplasty[aspirin, clopidogrel, prasugrel, heparin, Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists], success of angiography, culprit vessel, number of diseased vessels, and in-hospital outcomes.. Results: 270 (73.8%) were males and 96 (26.2%) were females with male to female ratio 2.8:1. Mean age was 56.25±11.45 years. Main risk factors were hypertension 230 (62.8%) cases, diabetes 198(54.1%) cases and smoking 167 (45.6%) cases. Onset of symptoms to the arrival to emergency room for treatment was ≤4 hours 201 (54.9%) cases and >4 hours in 165(45.1%) cases. In hospital mortality rate was 3.82%. Hospital in mortality 11(3%) cases was associated with hypertension and diabetes. Conclusion: This study show that a significant number of patients were observed adverse outcomes associated with higher TIMI risk score for in hospital. Therefore, the prognostic TIMI risk score is a powerful tool for predicting hospitalized patients. Key words: Acute myocardial infarction, Coronary artery disease, TIMI Risk Score, In-Hospital Mortality.
Prevalence of Hepatitis B and C in Patients of Thalassemia in Sargodha, Pakistan
Authors: Aiman Um-A- , Liaqat Sadaf , Aslam Bushra , , Farooq Hussain
Published: December 2022

Background: Thalassemia is one of the commonest genetic hematological disorders and a health issue of global concern. Because of repeated blood transfusions, ratio of hepatitis B and C positivity is escalating in these patients day by day who have further complicated the situation in the form of poor treatment outcomes and costs to individuals Aim: To measure the prevalence of hepatitis B and C among patients of thalassemia major in Sargodha, Pakistan. Study design: Cross-sectional study Place and duration of study: Rai Hospital & Hilal-e-Ahmar Hospital, Sargodha from 01-01-20221 to 31-12- 2021. Methodology: Three hundred and sixty thalassemia major patients, both beta and alpha, confirmed on hemoglobin electrophoresis admitted in the hospital were enrolled. Results: The mean age of the participants was 10.24±2.5 years, and 50% were male and 50% females. About 34% of the patients had hepatitis in which 30% had hepatitis C and 1.1% hepatitis B. 2.2% had both. Conclusion: Hepatitis b and C are highly prevalent among patients of thalassemia major. This also calls physicians, hematologists, pediatricians and policy makers to focus on counseling and support of thalassemia patients by providing them safe blood. Keywords: Prevalence, Hepatitis B and C, Thalassemia major, Blood transfusion
The Importance of Clinical Data & Prevalence of Breast Tumors in South Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Hameed Fawad , Afzal Javeria , Rafique Ahmad , Jameel M Khurram , Niaz Khurram , Alam Humiara , Shoaib Muhammad
Published: December 2022

Background: In Western countries, middle-aged women are more vulnerable to breast cancer. Globally, almost a million new cases were identified in 1998. One in 12 women in England and Wales will get the disease at some point.1 Even 5,000 years after it was first reported, the etiology of breast cancer is still unclear, and effective preventative measures are even further off. Aim: To characterize the varied ways in which breast cancer has presented itself among patients at Bahawal Victoria Hospital in Bahawalpur. Methods: This investigation employed a descriptive case series research design. This research was conducted at Bahawal Victoria Hospital's Surgery Department in Bahawalpur (Pakistan). From March 13th, 2020 through March 12th, 2021, the study was conducted (12 months). With their assent, 100 women with definite cases of breast cancer were enrolled in the study. Results: Cancer of the breast most commonly affected women between the ages of 31 and 50 (59%). Seventy-six patients arrived from the outlying rural areas of Bahawalpur and the neighboring districts. Only 18 patients had completed high school after 10 years and 5 patients were discovered to be college graduates. The single rate was 12%, with 12 patients. Eighty-one percent of patients reported having a breast lump. 56% of breast cancers involve the left breast, while 43% involve the right. One patient alone had breast cancer that had spread to both of her breasts. Illness duration varied from 1 month to 5 years. Stage III was the most prevalent presentation, with 46 instances, and Stage IV was the least common, with 16 patients. The histological hallmark most frequently attested by examination of slides was infiltrating ductal carcinoma, and this was the case in 87% of the cases. Conclusion: Breast cancer is very common cancer in the females, and most commonly it presented as a lump in the breast, because of some social aspects, lack of awareness, poverty, no proper screening programs and above all the fear of diagnosis, females try to hide this problem and often it presented at late and more advance stage. Keywords: Breast, Nipple, Cancer, Lump, Surgery, Tumor
Effects of deep urea placement and variety on agromorphological performance of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in lowland rice production in Essyl (Enampore commune, Lower Casamance)
Authors: Ismaïla COLY  , Mariéme GAYE  , Moustapha GAYE  , Elisabeth LANKIYANE
Published: December 2022

This study evaluates the effectiveness of localized application of super granular urea on lowland rice production compared to the farmer practice (FP). To this end, a two-factor Split Plot design was implemented: the practice factor with two modalities, Farmers' Practice (FP) and Deep Urea Placement (DUP), and the variety factor with two modalities, Sahel 108 and Tox 728-1. It was found that the most important height and plants collar diameter were obtained with the practice of deep placement of urea with respectively 68.10 cm and 4.02 cm. A significant effect of variety on growth parameters was also found. Indeed, the variety Tox 728-1 had the greatest height (63.63 cm) and the variety Sahel 108, the largest diameter at the collar (3.81 cm). Overall, the best performance in terms of growth is recorded with the practice of deep placement of urea regardless of variety. Heading was earlier with the variety Sahel 108 under deep urea placement. As for tillering and the number of panicles produced, they are statistically more important with the variety Sahel 108 under deep urea placement with 45±6.61 tillers/m² and 192±10.69 panicles/m² respectively. Considering the grain yield, it is more important with the DUP whatever the variety. It is 3055±148.39 kg/ha for the variety Sahel 108 and 2877.5±339.12 kg/ha for the variety Tox 728 -1 with this practice. These results indicate that, overall, DUP has a positive effect on the agromorphological parameters of rice in Lower Casamance.
ASSESSING LAND USE AND LAND COVER CHANGE IMPACT ON FLASH FLOODS IN KASARANI CONSTITUENCY, KENYA
Authors: Ominde Japheth
Published: December 2022

Kasarani Constituency in Nairobi County, Kenya is one of the areas that experienced frequent flash floods over the last decade. Anthropogenic activities such as the construction of roads, buildings, and industrialization are identified as key drivers of change in LULC. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of LULC change on flooding in the Kasarani constituency by comparing Spectral indices from Landsat images captured before, during, and after floods between 2013 and 2020. The value of NDVI and MSAVI indices declined during flood days indicating that the vegetation was covered with water while the NDMI value increased during flood days indicating a water-logged surface. The Digital Elevation Model of the study area was created to identify the low-lying areas and river channels that were identified as high flood risk areas. In order to reduce vulnerability to frequent floods, there is a need to identify safe areas for evacuation as well as raised areas for settlement.
Policy instruments for sustainable tourism management in national parks: A comparative analysis of Colombia, Costa Rica, and Spain
Authors: Téllez Alejandra , Duran Laura , Chmielewska Marianna , Santos-Lacueva Raquel
Published: December 2022

Despite the current health crisis, global trends indicate that tourism all over the world will increase, especially in natural areas. This paper therefore aims to analyse the policy instruments for sustainable tourism management in national parks. The research focuses on three countries and two national parks in each: Los Nevados and Chingaza in Colombia, Manuel Antonio and Volcán Poás in Costa Rica, and Teide and Sierra de Guadarrama in Spain. A content analysis of official documents is carried out to identify organizational, normative and programmatic instruments. Organizational instruments for both tourism and the environment are represented graphically for each country, keywords are used to analyse normative instruments, and eleven topics and thirty-five subtopics are proposed as a means of exploring the inclusion of sustainable tourism criteria in programmatic instruments. The results show the areas where we believe there is room for improvement. These include coordination between those organizations in charge of protecting the environment and natural areas and those in charge of tourism, the inclusion of sustainable tourism in normative instruments, and greater emphasis to be placed on key topics for sustainability in the programmatic instruments, including carbon footprints and accessibility.

Keywords: National parks, sustainable tourism, policy instruments
Análisis del impacto de Open Pricing dinámico en el Revenue Management Hotelero
Authors: Farag Hend Farahat Issa , González-Serrano Lydia , Talón-Ballestero Pilar
Published: December 2022

The introduction of big data technology into hotel revenue management (RM) systems has paved a new way to fix the price in the hospitality industry called 'open pricing' (OP). This study discusses the dynamic pricing evolution of hotels and examines the concept of OP. This pricing system manages a great amount of data and consists primarily of sophisticated real-time price discrimination with no rate ranges and fences, based on the customer's willingness to pay. This study investigates whether OP implementation increases independent hotels' performance. Three case studies were conducted using the analysis of variance test to compare three years of data on three independent hotels after applying OP. The selected hotels' performance in time trends with the competitors' data collected from STR was also compared using a t-test. This study provides empirical evidence that OP improves the occupancy rate, average daily rate, and revenue per available room, justifying the use of OP in RM systems of independent hotels. This study helps advance our understanding of the OP concept; it is one of the few empirical studies to analyse the impact of OP on hotel performance.
Regional segmentation and characterisation of tourist destinations in Spain: focus on local and foreign tourism
Authors: Sánchez-Sánchez Francisca J. , Sánchez-Sánchez Ana M.
Published: December 2022

Tourism is one of the fastest-growing sectors due to the growth of the global economy. The aim of this paper is to characterise Spanish tourist destinations as an economic development option from a regional perspective. To this end, Multivariate Analysis techniques are applied, through which four factors are identified determine tourism. These factors capture and differentiate the main aspects of the economic impact and tourism efficiency of the hospitality industry. There is an unequal effect of tourism on Spanish tourist destinations, whereby the location of the tourist destination constitutes the main determinant of performance. Two regional segments are identified in terms of according to the most important tourist markets, market for which, the nationality of the tourist is decisive in this classification. On the one hand, the mainland archipelagos are distinguished as tourist destinations where international tourists have the greatest presence, with a significant influence on employment and the volume of expenditure. On the other hand, the regions of the Mediterranean coast, where national tourism is predominant, make a major contribution to the efficiency of the sector.  The regions of Andalusia and Catalonia are the most competitive at national level, since they attract both domestic and international tourists.
Stem trichome morphology in Mimosa L. (Fabaceae – Mimosoideae) with potential taxonomic significance
Authors: Souza Luiz Antonio de , Franco Letícia Mônica Garcia , Milaneze-Gutierre Maria Auxiliadora , Romagnolo Mariza Barion
Published: December 2022

Mimosa L. (Fabaceae) is the second largest genus within of Mimosoideae clade, with predominantly neotropical distribution. The plant indumentum and the degree of pubescence have in many cases been successfully applied to the taxonomy of different taxa. The aim of this paper was to analyze the trichomes of the stem and axis inflorescence of 14 species of Mimosa, which may constitute useful taxonomic characters within genus. The samples were collected in the upper river Paraná floodplain, western region of the state of Parana, Brazil, and they were investigated under light microscope and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Most of the investigated species consist of non-branched non-glandular trichomes on the stem and inflorescence axis, of the subtypes conical, cylindrical and flat, but the other trichome types were found, as the branched non-glandular trichomes, subtypes plumose and barbellate. The stalked and clavate glandular trichomes are especially striking in some species. Mimosa somnians is devoid of trichomes. The segregation of the 14 species and a variety studied of Mimosa is fully supported by evidence from trichome morphology associated to the characters of wall ornamentation, density and length of the trichomes.
As novas técnicas de conservação de edifícios no contexto brasileiro
Authors: Fundarò Mario
Published: December 2022

Objetivando novos caminhos pelo desenvolvimento sustentável das cidades é sempre mais necessário olhar para a proteção e salvaguarda do patrimônio já construído, com particular atenção ao histórico. Nesta conjuntura, os grandes marcos teóricos da restauração não estão conseguindo, no novo milênio, dar mais respostas concretas e praticas na ação de conservação deste patrimônio. Novos interlocutores da disciplina, dialogando com as novas exigências do contexto urbano e social, sempre mais complexo e articulado, estão requerendo com força uma nova e maior centralidade do Projeto de conservação e uma mais atenta normatização das técnicas de intervenção. O intercambio de profissionais, de conhecimentos e de produtos sempre mais intenso exige também uma reflexão profunda sobre o papel do profissional arquiteto-conservador, envolvendo, portanto, por um lado o papel das universidades neste plano formativo e, por outro, a legislação que regula o Projeto que determina as atividades de reabilitação, manutenção e da conservação de um edifício. Ainda mais necessária se faz a reflexão sobre a normativa que norteia o mercado do restauro e da conservação. Neste sentido a nossa contribuição quer refletir, comparando-as, sobre a normatização europeia e brasileira no que respeita a regulamentação da profissão do arquiteto-conservador e a normativa de segurança dos produtos utilizados na conservação dos edifícios. Por outro lado queremos trazer neste congresso os primeiros resultados de uma experimentação de aplicação de técnicas de barreira química contra a umidade ascendente e cristalização de sais, realizadas em materiais e técnicas construtivas típicas brasileiras, de dois edifícios históricos no Ceará.
Promoção da saúde e a importância das discussões sobre a fisiologia do corpo na menopausa
Authors: Pires Amaral Cisnara , Borba Luana Casarotto de , Guerra Elisangela Cogo , Popek Bianca Ferrari , Rosa Emanuelly Pacheco Pivoto da
Published: December 2022

Discutir a saúde feminina não é uma tarefa fácil, principalmente em relação a um período tão conturbado quanto a menopausa, que se caracteriza por períodos de mitos e tabus. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo realizar um relato de experiência relacionado a uma “Jornada online sobre a menopausa” realizada pela Liga Acadêmica de Saúde e Meio Ambiente (LiASM) da Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, URI-Santiago/RS. Além de colaborar com informações científicas acerca desse período, pretendeu-se analisar os principais questionamentos que afligem as mulheres acima de 40 anos, coletados via questionário enviado em grupos de WhattsApp. Após a análise dos dados, produziu-se uma Jornada para oferecer às mulheres informações básicas sobre a fisiologia do organismo feminino. Conclui-se que atividades de promoção de saúde ofertadas para mulheres acima de 40 anos sobre a menopausa, são momentos pontuais e que precisam estar em evidência, pois proporcionam conhecimento, engajamento, discussões e curiosidade, contribuindo para mudanças de hábitos, garantindo a travessia desse período com mais tranquilidade.
Candido Baptista de Oliveira
Authors: De Campos José Adolfo S.
Published: December 2022

Quem teve a ideia inicial de criar um observatório no Rio de Janeiro? Para alguns pesquisadores ele foi criado por iniciativa pessoal do imperador Pedro I, por meio do decreto de 15 de outubro de 1827; já para outros seria o resultado de uma decisão do Governo Imperial. O autor da ideia do Observatório Astronômico do Rio de Janeiro foi Candido Baptista de Oliveira, homem ilustre dedicado à ciência e que esteve a serviço do Brasil em diversas funções administrativas e diplomáticas. A sua memória sobre a criação do “Observatório Central do Brasil”, por ele encaminhada ao Governo Imperial em abril de 1827, foi o início das discussões para a criação do Observatório do Rio de Janeiro.
E a história da ciência serve para...?
Authors: Mulinari Guilherme
Published: December 2022

Objetivou-se com este ensaio apresentar um episódio da história da ciência e discutir de que maneiras o seu uso poderia auxiliar na superação de obstáculos epistemológicos associados ao ensino sobre microrganismos. A partir da discussão do episódio da história da ciência podemos refletir que a construção de conhecimentos sobre os microrganismos emerge de questões e problemas cotidianos; o senso comum e as generalizações que associam os microrganismos às doenças são resultantes de prioridades e impactos da ciência e do conhecimento científico, e que a discussão de episódios da história da ciência incita a construção de propostas interdisciplinares em sala de aula.
Superando Narciso
Authors: Lima Nathan Willig , Guerra Andreia
Published: December 2022

Vivemos em um período extremamente desafiador, em que o aumento das desigualdades sociais, o avanço da mutação climática e proliferação de situações climáticas extremas, bem como os resultados impostos pela pandemia de covid-19, demandam uma reflexão muito profunda sobre as bases que sustentam a organização social moderna. Resgatamos, nesse artigo, a noção de que os diferentes colapsos que se acumulam no mundo contemporâneo são consequências de uma cosmovisão extrativista subjacente ao mundo moderno. Defendemos, entretanto, que há uma diferença entre o discurso epistemológico oficial e o que encontramos nas práticas das ciências. Partindo de uma metafísica perspectivista e relacional, advinda dos estudos antropológicos de eduardo viveiros de castro e da antropologia do laboratório, propomos que as histórias das ciências oficiosas têm o potencial de contribuir para sonharmos outros mundos, justos e habitáveis. Para tanto, é necessário fundar uma pedagogia antinarcísica, no sentido discutido por castro, em que a valorização da autonomia dos sujeitos envolvidos, seja no processo histórico, ou na prática da sala de aula, deve ser tomada como princípio fundamental, em contraposição à imposição de uma proposta de mundo pré-definida, típica do pensamento hegemônico.
A biologia e a construção de outros
Authors: Sepulveda Claudia , Farias Yaci Maria Marcondes
Published: December 2022

Partindo de um breve exame do papel histórico que a biologia tem desempenhado na naturalização de hierarquizações de grupos humanos por meio de categorias de raça e sexo, apresentamos uma proposta de uso de episódios históricos para promoção de uma educação antiopressiva. Para tanto, apresentamos um episódio de controvérsia a respeito de explicações evolutivas para diferença entre sexos, protagonizado por agentes epistêmicos diversos em raça, gênero e status na comunidade científica. A partir de contribuições de epistemologias feministas, são propostos princípios para a seleção e uso de episódios históricos para promoção de uma visão crítica da ciência que evite ceticismo e negacionismo.
óptica dos corpos em movimento de Fresnel sob a visão do realismo estrutural
Authors: Pereira Felipe Prado Corrêa , Gurgel Ivã
Published: December 2022

O presente artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar um estudo de episódio histórico, a saber o estudo da óptica dos corpos em movimento no século XIX, e discutir suas implicações epistemológicas e educacionais. Por meio de uma análise em epistemologia histórica, realizamos reflexões acerca da provisoriedade do conhecimento científico e o abandono de entidades teóricas da ciência do passado, com o intuito de criar uma argumentação em favor da confiabilidade dos conhecimentos científicos. Apoiando-nos em formas críticas de realismo científico, objetivamos defender visões de ciência que sejam ontologicamente relativistas, mantendo concepções realistas e objetivistas críticas perante a ciência.
Lectura epistemológica de la historia de la ciencia en los “descubrimientos”
Authors: Pinillos Alger Sans , Adúriz-Bravo Agustín
Published: December 2022

Una comprensión adecuada de la explicación (y de la argumentación) científica escolar requiere introducir consistentemente en la enseñanza de las ciencias naturales aportaciones de distintas disciplinas metacientíficas (tales como la filosofía, la historia y la sociología de la ciencia). Una manera de trabajar en esta línea con gran tradición en la didáctica de las ciencias es el análisis epistemológico crítico de narraciones de casos de históricos. Los casos pueden ser herramientas eficaces para ejemplificar los contenidos de naturaleza de la ciencia que deberían impartirse en las clases. En este trabajo, narraciones de algunos “epítomes” (o ejemplos paradigmáticos) de descubrimiento científico se analizan epistemológicamente utilizando como marco conceptual la teorización sobre la inferencia abductiva. El propósito es ayudar al profesorado de ciencias a entender en contexto algunos aspectos metodológicos centrales de la indagación científica.
O Projeto Várzea: uma história relacional da ciência na Amazônia brasileira (1945-2019), de Décio de Alencar Guzmán (Belém - PA: Editora Paka-Tatu, 2022)
Authors: Cruz Leandro Gomes Moreira
Published: December 2022

Contar uma história que pudesse, ao mesmo tempo, dar conta da complexa realidade biofísica das Amazônias brasileiras e da profusão de relações humanas no desenvolvimento da pesquisa científica na região. Essa foi a tarefa que Décio de Alencar Guzmán propôs e desenvolveu em O Projeto Várzea: uma história relacional da ciência na Amazônia brasileira (1945-2019). Pesquisador de longa data das histórias amazônicas, Guzmán expõe com clareza seu foco de pesquisa e sob qual perspectiva pretende analisar suas fontes históricas: o livro é a “história relacional de um grupo de pesquisa: o Projeto Várzea (PV)[...] grupo científico voltado ao estudo das várzeas, áreas inundáveis no vale amazônico” (p. 15). Apontando para a relativa escassez de pesquisas científicas sobre esse biótopo específico das regiões amazônicas, o autor indica a relevância do trabalho de pesquisa desenvolvido pelo PV como um dos principais fatores que o conduziram à pesquisa...
Effect of microdose chemical fertilization method on soil chemical properties and productivity of maize (Zea mays L.) in West-Central Senegal
Authors: Rabi Housseini Malam Laminou  , Saliou Ndiaye  , Aliou Guissé  , Diallo Djibril  , Alioune Badara Dieye  , Papa Saliou Sarr
Published: December 2022

This study was conducted in West-Central Senegal (Thies region) during two cropping seasons (2018 and 2019) to evaluate the effect of different doses of chemical fertilizer on soil chemical properties and the productivity of maize. Four treatments consisted of T0 (absolute control), RD (Recommended dose= 200 kg ha-1 NPK and 150 kg ha-1 urea), M1 (microdose 1= 41.66 kg ha-1 NPK and 41.66 kg ha-1 urea i.e. 0.5 g hill-1 NPK and 0.5 g urea), M2 (microdose 2= 83.33 kg ha-1 NPK and 41.66 kg ha-1 urea i.e. 1g hill-1 NPK and 0.5 g urea) and four maize varieties Gwana and Soror (composite varieties), Pan12 and Pan53 (hybrid varieties) were arranged in a split plot design with four replications. On average height of ear insertion was significantly increased with fertilizer microdosing. In 2018, microdose M1 achieved 89% and 26% of the grain yields recorded from T0 and RD, respectively. In line with grain yields, the amounts of soil elements exported in 2018 were higher in microdose in comparaison with RD and T0. A progressive decrease in soil pH and potassium is observed. Soil nitrogen decreased in 2018 but it increased in 2019, while an opposite trend was observed for soil phosphorus. The microdose technique was economically profitable with value-to-cost ratio of 9 and 4.47 for M1 and M2, respectively. It is concluded that the positive effect of fertilizer micro-dosing in improving maiz production depend on year, and on the better exploitation of soil nutrients.
Non-destructive technique for erosion and corrosion monitoring system
Authors: Jacintha Joseph  , Asnor Juraiza Ishak  , Azura Che Soh  , Nagur Aziz Kamar Bashah  , Abdulrahman Taha Mohammed
Published: December 2022

Erosion and corrosion of pipeline occurs over time and this data should be given the same care as other data in oil and gas industry. Moreover, most notification systems available send an alert only when the issue is at a late stage. Therefore, the aim of this study is to create a monitoring system that would help in minimizing the impact of erosion and corrosion of pipeline related issues. There are three objectives includes: data separation, online and offline database storage and an email notification system. This study also emphasizes the importance of incorporating a database for evaluation of oil and gas pipeline’s wall thickness data in terms of its health status. As the data obtained is essential, a web application is created to store the data whenever internet is available. Otherwise, it will be stored in a temporary offline database known as MYSQL Workbench, and the data is automatically uploaded once the internet is available. A notification system via internet is developed to notify the executives regarding unhealthy pipeline status. A healthy pipeline wall thickness is between 4.3mm and 4.5mm. Thus, data with lower than 4.3mm is noted as eroded while data greater than 4.5mm is recorded as corroded. The monitoring system designed for online and offline data storage along with email notification performed accordingly. Therefore, the developed system fulfils the objectives and help in mitigating erosion and corrosion of pipelines related issues at an earlier stage in saving lives, maintenance fees and the environment.
PADUPADI YES OR NO (Pencegahan Diare dengan Edukasi PHBS menggunakan Media Video YES or NO)
Authors: Irayani Salsa Putri , Putri Elwan Nanda Eka , Qisti Dewi Anissa , Fitriana Hafifah , Pitaloka Syavira Anastakim Zulian
Published: December 2022

Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), diarrhea is the number one cause of death for children under 5 years of age. In general, it is estimated that more than 10 million children under the age of 5 years die worldwide each year, of which about 20% are caused by diarrheal infections. In Indonesia, diarrheal disease is a special event (KLB) that is often accompanied by death. In the city of Bogor, the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers at the Tanah Sareal Health Center, Bogor City, in 2019 141 toddlers experienced diarrhea. In 2020, 107 children under five had diarrhea. And in 2021 21 toddlers had diarrhea. In PBL 1 and PBL 2, it is known that the main cause of diarrhea in children under five in the Tanah Sareal Work Area is the poor implementation of PHBS properly.
Objectives: The purpose of this community service is to provide education in the form of counseling related to the application of PHBS in daily life at Posyandu Kartini RW 01 in the working area of ​​the Tanah Sareal Health Center, Bogor City.
Methods: The method used is health education related to the prevention of diarrhea by implementing PHBS in the Tanah Sareal Health Center Work Area, Bogor City. This activity was carried out at the Kartini Posyandu RW 01 Tanah Seral, Bogor City with the title PADUPADI YES or NO (Diarrhea Prevention with PHBS education Using Video Media Yes or No). The target of this activity is parents or caregivers of toddlers who live in the Posyandu Kartini area, RW 01 Tanah Sareal, Bogor City. The educational media used are video and a crossword puzzle. To measure the success of this activity, the Pre Test and Post Test are used.
Results: The results obtained from the provision of health education are increasing the knowledge of parents or caregivers of toddlers on the correct application of PHBS in daily life, which is 80.9% or as many as 17 parents or caregivers of toddlers.
Conclusion: The conclusion obtained from the results of this counseling is that there are still many parents or caregivers of toddlers who do not know and have not implemented PHBS properly and correctly, this is one of the biggest causes of diarrhea in toddlers in the working area of ​​the Tanah Sareal Public Health Center, Bogor City.
Terapi Musik Lullaby terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Cianjur Jawa Barat
Authors: Agustina Marisca
Published: December 2022

Latar belakang: Penatalaksanaan kecemasan dapat dilakukan dengan terapi farmakologi dan nonfarmakologi. Terapi farmakologi dengan menggunakan obat-obatan seperti anestesi atau analgesik, namun ada beberapa obat analgesic. Sedangkan terapi nonfarmakologi meliputi reaksi hipnoterapi, imajinasi, umpan balik biologis, pisikofrafilasis, sentuhan terapetik TENS (Transcuteneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation).
Tujuan: Untuk memberikan pemahaman, edukasi, persuasi dan promosi kepada masyarakat agar dapat memanfaatkan musik lullaby untuk meminimalkan tingkat kecemasan.
Metode: Metode pengabdian masyarakat dengan observasi/identifikasi tanaman obat keluarga, penyuluhan tentang pemanfaatan tanaman obat keluarga dan pembuatan herbarim, workshop tentang terapi musik lullaby terhadap tingkat kecemasan di masa pandemi. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan secara online melalui platform zoom cloud meeting.
Hasil: Hasil yang didapatkan dari pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini sebagai berikut: Kegiatan survei, penyuluhan dan sosialisasi mengenai musik lullaby secara online kepada masyarakat agar memperoleh pengetahuan mengenai musik yang dapat meminimalkan tingkat kecemasan di masa pandemi. Dan kegiatan workshop dan demontrasi musik lullaby sebagai alternatif pengobatan untuk meminimalkan tingkat kecemasan dan sebagai bentuk relaksasi pikiran di masa pandemi ini.
Kesimpulan: Pelakasanaan kegiatan pengabdian kepada mayarakat di webinar ini berjalan lancar dan sangat baik sesuai dengan capaian/target yang diharapkan. Hal ini dibuktikan keaktifan dan aktusiame masyarakat dalam penyampaian materi (tanya jawab), dan hasil pengulangan materi dan demontrasi yang dilakukan telah dikuasai oleh masyarakat. Kegiatan ini merupakan salah satu cara untuk memberikan pemahaman, edukasi, persuasi dan promosi kepada masyarakat agar dapat memanfaatkan musik lullaby untuk meminimalkan tingkat kecemasan.
Faktor-Faktor yang berhubungan dengan Kejadian Hipertensi dalam Kehamilan di RSUD X Tahun 2021
Authors: Warini Warini
Published: December 2022

Latar Belakang: Hipertensi dalam kehamilan merupakan 5-10% penyulit kehamilan. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari Rekam Medis Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah X Kabupaten Bogor, jumlah wanita yang mengalami hipertensi dalam kehamilan pada tahun 2015 sebanyak 182 (16,3%) dari 1.113 kehamilan dan pada tahun 2021 sebanyak 294 (26,2%) dari 1.120 kehamilan.
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian hipertensi dalam kehamilan.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan survey analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Jumlah populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 1.120 orang dan sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 294 sampel. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara systematic random sampling. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan dengan daftar cheklist. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat dan analisis bivariate dengan uji statistik chi-square.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian berdasarkan usia beresiko sebanyak 203 (69,0%), usia yang tidak beresiko sebanyak 91 (31%), ibu hamil yang bekerja sebanyak 197 (67,0%), ibu hamil yang tidak bekerja sebanyak 97 (33,0%), ibu hamil dengan status paritas primipara sebanyak 107 (36,4%), ibu hamil dengan status paritas multipara dan grandemulti yaitu sebanyak 187 (63,6%).
Kesimpulan:  Berdasarkan data uji chi-square terdapat hubungan antara usia, pekerjaan, paritas dengan kejadian hipertensi dalam kehamilan.
Organic Synthesis under Solvent-free Condition (Green Chemistry): A Mini Literature Review
Authors: Aljuboori Sahar Balkat , Abdulrahim Nedaa Abdulhameed , Yassen Shuhad , Khaleel Heba Hashim
Published: December 2022

Solvents are important components in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries, and they are increasingly being used in catalytic reactions. Solvents have a significant influence on the kinetics and thermodynamics of reactions, and they can significantly change product selectivity. Solvents can influence product selectivity, conversion rates, and reaction rates. However, solvents have received a lot of attention in the field of green chemistry. This is due to the large amount of solvent that is frequently used in a process or formulation, particularly during the purification steps. However, neither the solvent nor the active ingredient in a formulation is directly responsible for the reaction product's composition. Because these characteristics have little bearing on how well or quickly the system in which the solvent is applied works, it appears unnecessary to use toxic, combustible, or environmentally hazardous solvents. However, the beneficial properties of the solvent required for the application are strongly linked to these unfortunate side effects of solvent use. Distillation can be used to recover and purify solvents because they are volatile; however, this process can produce unwanted air pollutants and be hazardous to workers during exposure.
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CEO Trustworthiness: Its Antecedents and Effects on Corporate Governance
Authors: Gilley K. Matthew , Mayer Roger , Walters Bruce , Dess Gregory , Olson Bradley
Published: December 2022

We develop an integrated set of propositions describing the relationships among CEO characteristics, the perceived trustworthiness of the CEO, and the board of directors’ decisions concerning the governance structure of the firm. In particular, we propose that CEO education, tenure, experience, board memberships and founder status affect the board’s perception of the CEO’s ability, benevolence, and integrity (the three key trustworthiness dimensions), and that these trustworthiness perceptions then affect the board’s choice of governance mechanisms with regard to CEO compensation mix, CEO/board chair duality, board size, and outsider representation on the board. Our theoretical development suggests that agency theory’s difficulties in explaining corporate governance may be the result of researchers’ failure to incorporate CEO trustworthiness into their models.
Notes on the occurrence of certain rare and endangered medicinal plants from Velliangiri hills, Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Murugesan M. , Balasubramaniam V. , Subraminiam A.
Published: December 2022

This paper highlights the occurrence of seventeen rare and endangered medicinal plant species, which are being over exploited for their medicinal uses. Each species has been provided with correct nomenclature, family, vernacular name, description, distribution, ecology along with phenological data, status, medicinal uses and critical notes on red listed plants.
Ethnomedicine for kidney stones by the Bagata tribe of Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Sri Bonela , Seetharami Reddi T.
Published: December 2022

The paper deals with 22 species of plants used by the Bagata tribe of Andhra Pradesh for curing kidney diseases. 18 practices were found to be new.
Pengaruh Model Penemuan Terbimbing Menggunakan LKPD Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa SMP
Authors: Simanullang Syaipul Rizki , Nasution Marah Doly , Irvan Irvan , Azis Zainal
Published: December 2022

Masalah yang terdapat  adalah  hasil belajar siswa tergolong kurang baik, siswa kurang aktif saat kegiatan belajarmengajar berlangsung. Tujuan riset ialah: (1) Melihat hasil belajar siswa SMP dengan model penemuan terbimbing. (2) Melihat hasil belajar matematika berpengaruh pada peserta didik melalui model penemuan terbimbing. Quasy Eksperiment merupakan jenis penelitian, dengan metode kuantitatif. Tes adalah alat pengumpul data. Kesimpulan setelah data dianalisisialah hasil belajar matematika berpengaruh pada siswa SMP melalui model penemuan terbimbing dengan menggunakan LKPD
Pengembangan Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis dan Kecerdasan Interpersonal Berbasis Dalihan Na Tolu
Authors: Aprilia Aulia , Sari Dwi Novita
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kevalidan, keefektifan dan kepraktisan modul yang mengembangkan kemampuan komunikasi matematis dan kecerdasan interpersonal berbasis Dalihan Na Tolu pada 16 siswa kelas VII A SMP Ulun Nuha Medan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian pengembangan (research and development) dengan model penelitian yang diajukan Thiagarajan, Semmel & Semmel yang dikenal model 4D yaitu Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate. Teknik pengambilan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan angket. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan cara analisis kuantitatif untuk menghitung persentase kelayakan modul. Berdasarkan analisis data diketahui bahwa kevalidan, keefektifan dan kepraktisan modul yang dikembangkan. Modul dinyatakan valid oleh ahli media dengan perolehan persentase kelayakan sebesar 66,3% kategori baik dan ahli materi dengan persentase kelayakan sebesar 95% kategori sangat baik. Modul dinyatakan efektif berdasarkan aktivitas siswa dan penilaian oleh siswa dengan perolehan persentase kelayakan sebesar 84,9% kategori sangat baik. Modul dinyatakan praktis berdasarkan penilaian oleh guru dengan perolehan persentase kelayakan 97,2% kategori sangat baik
Pengembangan Model Pembelajaran Matematika Realistik Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematika Siswa SMP
Authors: Desyana Desyana , Sari Dwi Novita
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kevalidan dan keefektifan modul pembelajaran matematika realistik berbasis etnomatematika pada materi segiempat dan segitiga untuk meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi matematika siswa di kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Deli Tua. Subjek pada penelitian dan pengembangan ini adalah siswa kelas VII-2 SMP Negeri 1 Deli Tua yang berjumlah 31 orang siswa. Penelitian dan pengembangan ini menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) dengan model pengembangan 4D Thiagarajan (1974) yaitu define, design, develop, dan disseminate. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, angket, tes hasil belajar, dan dokumentasi. Instrumen yang digunakan pada penelitian dan pengembangan ini berupa lembar validasi ahli, lembar angket respon siswa dan tes kemampuan komunikasi matematika. Berdasarkan analisis data diperoleh bahwa: 1) Modul dinyatakan valid oleh ahli materi dengan persentase keidealan sebesar 87% dengan kriteria kelayakan sangat valid dan oleh ahli media dengan persentase keidealan sebesar 95% dengan kriteria kelayakan sangat valid; 2) Modul dinyatakan efektif berdasarkan penilaian oleh 31 orang siswa melalui angket respon siswa dengan persentase keidealan sebesar 80,67% dengan kriteria baik dan tes kemampuan komunikasi matematika oleh 16 orang siswa menunjukkan ketuntasan belajar siswa secara klasikal sebelum menggunakan modul sebesar 18,75% dan setelah menggunakan modul sebesar 68,75% dan uji n-gain score sebesar 0,75 yang termasuk kategori tinggi