bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The competency of Indonesian pharmacy students in handling a self-medication request for a cough: a simulated patient study
Authors: Brata Cecilia , Halim Steven V. , Setiawan Eko , Presley Bobby , Wibowo Yosi I. , Schneider Carl R.
Published: April 2021

Background: Cough is a common symptom for which people frequently present to community pharmacies. Previous articles from developing countries have shown that the provision of self-medication consultation for cough in community pharmacies were suboptimal, with knowledge deficiency being a contributing factor. However, little is known regarding the ability of pharmacy students in handling self-medication consultations in developing countries.

Objectives: To measure the competency of Indonesian pharmacy students in providing self-medication consultations for patients with chronic cough and to identify factors associated with the provision of appropriate advice.

Method: This study is a cross-sectional study. A simulated patient method using a product and a symptom-based request of chronic cough was used in students from a pharmacy school in Indonesia. The nature and amount of information gathered and advice provided by pharmacy students were noted and audio-recorded. A logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with the provision of appropriate advice.

Results: The information gathered by participating students was not comprehensive. The most common types of information gathered were related to the nature and duration of the cough. Information relating to accompanying symptoms, medications, and allergies was gathered in less than 60% of the participating students for both product and symptom based scenarios. The appropriate advice of direct medical referral was provided in 54% and 56% of the 183 participating students for the product and symptom-based request scenarios respectively. Asking about symptom duration and prior medical conditions were positively associated with the provision of appropriate advice in the symptom and product based requests respectively.

Conclusion: Student competency in self-medication consultation for chronic cough needs to be improved. Appropriate information-gathering is a predictor of appropriate advice. Further qualitative research identifying factors affecting students’ competence in providing self-medication consultation is required, so that suitable interventions are developed and implemented.
Probe into the Development Potentiality of Chinese Electric Power
Authors: Niu Yitong
Published: April 2021

After 70 years of development, especially after the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the development of China’s electric power industry has entered a critical stage of transformation, adjustment and transformation. The high quality development of electric power industry is a kind of development that reflects the new development concept, which must be realized through qualitative change, efficiency change and power change. The core of high-quality development in the power industry is to improve efficiency. Reform, open and innovation are the core of efficiency. China’s power industry high-quality development of opportunities and challenges coexist. People’s desire for a better life, continuous improvement of electrification levels, clean use of coal, energy conversion, multi-energy complementarity, market reform of the power system, “Belt and Road Initiative” and electric heating for electric vehicles are among the policies for power and other energy alternatives in China. There is a great opportunity for industrial development. However, it is also faced with the pressure from the large-scale clean transformation, and the efficiency of the power system is not high enough. The power cost is not low, and the system mechanism is not perfect. Therefore, we must seize the historical opportunity of energy transformation to establish a high-quality green power system. We will deepen the reform of the electricity market and improve the systems and mechanisms for high-quality development of the power industry, to solve all kinds of contradictions in the development of electric power industry scientifically.
The, Of, For, In The Use of Amicable Settlement for Resolving Medical Malparctice in Indonesia
Authors: Susila Muh Endriyo
Published: April 2021

Massive publicity on alleged medical malpractice cases has created hostile environment within the health care setting in Indonesia. The unexpected practice of defensive medicine would be possible in response to the rise of medical malpractice litigation. Although it has many negative implications, litigating medical malpractice dispute is preferable for many injured patients. Dispute resolution mechanisms should be introduced and promoted in Indonesia as an alternative to the litigation process with hope of providing redress to victims of medical malpractice in a more amicable manner. This paper aims at exploring the use of amicable settlement method for resolving medical malpractice disputes in Indonesia.
Lenguaje y dispositivo. Un análisis de la serie Dr. House como caso paradigmático de la práctica médica colombiana
Authors: Clavijo Poveda Jairo , Ospina Deaza Juan Camilo , Sanchez Prieto Valeria
Published: April 2021

En el marco de la filosofía de la ciencia y la tecnología, se resalta la importancia de la conversión del cuerpo a un lenguaje médico, dentro de la practica médica, vista a través de la serie televisiva Doctor House. Se seleccionaron apartados de tres capítulos de la serie, a pesar de que los casos que se abordan en la serie son ficticios, las situaciones que aparecen son similares a situaciones reales y por tanto son susceptibles de ser interpretadas. Retomamos las contribuciones de Giorgio Agamben sobre el “dispositivo” para analizar la expansión del poder médico en la actualidad. El médico al ejercer su oficio hace una conversión de lo viviente a códigos, índices y conceptos. El proceso de diagnóstico es siempre un proceso lingüístico, basado en la observación por parte del médico de síntomas y signos de la enfermedad. Los médicos tienen unas prótesis físicas que les permiten percibir el cuerpo de los pacientes de forma diferente a la manera que lo harían sólo con los sentidos humanos, como resultado tienen la capacidad de convertir lo viviente en datos.
Construir currículum desde abajo: avanzando en la documentación de una propuesta curricular en el contexto del COVID-19
Authors: Cárdenas Alarcón Constanza , Guerrero Lacoste Sebastián , Johnson Mardones Daniel
Published: April 2021

Los cambios a que se vieron enfrentados los sistemas escolares, y las sociedades en general, a causa del COVID-19 llevaron a estos de una excepcionalidad de la pandemia a la situación de emergencia como regla general. El presente trabajo describe una experiencia de construcción curricular desarrollada por los y las trabajadoras de la educación del primer ciclo de primaria en una escuela chilena. El proceso de construcción curricular participativa se basa en la propuesta de los temas generadores de Paulo Freire, donde los procesos de construcción del contenido de los programas de estudio se basan en un tema y/o un problema de relevancia para la comunidad educativa y a los intereses de los y las estudiantes.
Covid 19 and Higher Education in Brazil: different uses of virtual communication technologies and educational inequalities
Authors: Pires André
Published: April 2021

The article aims to discuss the effects of the Covid 19 pandemic on Brazilian higher education in 2020. The experience of remote classes, using virtual communication technologies during the pandemic, changed the learning relationships between teachers and students. These changes did not happened in a homogeneous and linear manner. This text discusses the different uses of these technologies and how these processes have contributed to strengthening existing educational inequalities. The arguments were structured in three moments, in order to consider processes that occurred before, during and after the pandemic. To deal with education inequalities after the pandemic, three challenges are suggested.
"I Feel Less Judged, so I Speak More" Introverted Students' Response on Online Learning Platforms in Speaking Class
Authors: Astuti Nuning Wahyu
Published: April 2021

As one of the productive skills in English Language, speaking has always been associated with extroverted people. However, during this online learning, introverted students gain autonomy which allows them to express ideas freely. The article used a mixed-method to collect data. The result revealed 70,33% of the total participants were introverted students. In answering the questionnaire, the participants agreed on 6 items and disagreed on 3 items. The article serves as a basis for instructors, academicians, and researchers to provide the most suitable online learning platforms for all types of students.
EPISTEMOLOGI JAHL DALAM AL-QUR’AN PERSPEKTIF KITAB AL-QUR’AN DAN TAFSIRNYA (EDISI YANG DISEMPURNAKAN)
Authors: Nahri Delta Yaumin
Published: April 2021

Tulisan ini berusaha untuk mengekplorasi makna jahl (kebodohan) yang dideskripsikan oleh al-Qur’an dengan berbagai bentuk kata dan konteksnya melalui pendekatan tafsir tematik (al-tafsîr al-mawdlû’iy). Perspektif yang digunakan menurut kitab tafsir “Al-Qur’an dan Tafsirnya (Edisi yang Disempurnakan) karya Tim Penulis yang terdiri dari para pakar atas inisiasi Kementrian Agama. Pengungkapan makna jahl dalam al-Qur’an menghasilkan kesimpulan yang relevan untuk diangkat di era kekinian, sebagai sumbangan paradigma pemikiran dalam kehidupan. Keyakinan bahwa sejarah berulang melalui sejumlah peristiwa yang terulang dengan pelaku sejarah yang bebeda, menjadi sebuah pengetahuan awal menuju perubahan. Hebatnya, pola kesalahan yang berulang dari satu umat, masyarakat atau komunitas bermuara pada satu faktor, yaitu kebodohan (jahl). Lafal jahl terulang sebanyak 24 kali yang tersebar dalam 17 surat, 15 Makkiyyah dan sisanya Madaniyah. Keduapuluh empat kata tersebut berkedudukan sebagai mashdar sebanyak 9 kali, fi‘l mudlâri‘ sebanyak 5 kali dan berkedudukan sebagai subjek (fâ‘il) sebanyak 5 kali. Masing-masing turunan kata tersebut mencerminkan karakteristik dan dampak kebodohan yang khas. Pastinya, kebodohan menghasilkan penyakit kronis dalam setiap sendi kehidupan, baik kebodohan karena keterbatasan ilmu mengenai Allah dan ajarannya, ataupun kebodohan karena meyakini sesuatu yang tidak sepatutnya diyakini, seperti musyrik, terlebih kebodohan karena meyakini bahwa dirinya dalam kebenaran, meskipun jelas-jelas dalam kesalahan fatal seperti kaum Luth. Solusi qurani dalam menanggapi kebodohan diantaranya: iman yang benar dan kokoh (faithful) dengan pembuktian nyata berupa amal saleh, menghindari perbuatan zhulm, klarifikasi dan berhati-hati atas setiap informasi yang diterima terlebih di era digital, dan bersegera bertaubat seketika melanggar hukum Allah.
Fan cooling of friction band brake of railway rolling stock
Authors:   Donetsk Railway Transport Institute (DRTI), Krivosheya Yuriy Vladimirovich , Bugaenko Viktor Vasilyevich ,   Lugansk National University named after Vladimir Dahl (LNU named after V. Dahl)
Published: April 2021

The paper presents results of research aimed at the application of axial fan for cooling friction band brake of railway rolling stock. The feature of the fan is the identical operation characteristics that don’t depend on direction of rolling stock movement. This is achieved due to special construction of blade system consisting of two mirror-placed grids located inside the brake wheel. Mathematical modeling of air flow in flow part of the proposed blade systems showed the reasonability of such solution. The paper shows results of calculation of blade system geometric and functional characteristics for friction band brake cooling fan designed for rolling stock with maximum speed up to 250 km/h. The proposed geometric form of blade system provides equal cooling efficiency regardless the direction of rolling stock movement.
Influence of priority freight trains on parameters of polygon operation
Authors:   Research & Production Holding STRATEG, Kozlov Petr Alexeevich , Kozlova Valeriya Petrovna ,   Research company «Analytical and controlling systems on transport», Kol Svetlana Nikolaevna ,   Editorial office of Railway Transport journal
Published: April 2021

The paper presents the executed research on the influence of introducing scheduled trains on polygon operation carried out with the use of simulation model. The model shows the delays caused by infrastructure elements and by resources — train locomotives and car service station crews. Results show that priority trains deteriorate the parameters of polygon operation, decrease the schedule speed. Experiments with the exceed resources allowed to determine that infrastructure parameters play the main role. As a result, the introduction of priority trains is only advisable at the existence of polygon capacity reserve.
Scientific and technical reserves for increasing service life of side frames of two-axle three-element freight cars
Authors:   LLC Energoservice, Belskiy Alexander Olegovich , Smolyaninov Alexander Vasilyevich ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: April 2021

The paper considers the existing problem associated with the operation of side frames of two-axle three-element bogies of freight cars. The main criterion for increasing the service life is the reduction of stresses in the side frame elements. The authors have proposed variants of side frames that increase the operational characteristics. The authors have also carried out numerical calculations of the proposed variants with the use of finite element method. As a result, the paper present the comparative analytical evaluation of the proposed side frames compared to the typical one.
Simulation model of heating system of DC electric-multiple units
Authors:   Omsk State Transport University (OSTU), Istomin Stanislav Gennadyevich , Yurasov Oleg Dmitrievich ,   Omsk State Transport University (OSTU)
Published: April 2021

Most of the Russian Federation territory is located in the zone of long-term exposure to negative ambient temperatures. In this regard, a significant proportion of power consumption in the suburban traffic on the railways of the Russian Federation accounts for the operation of heating and air conditioning systems. Currently, Russian and foreign scientists are developing energy-saving methods and tools to reduce the power consumption for auxiliary needs of electric-multiple units. In this paper, the authors used the method of constructing simulation models in the MATLAB Simulink program in order to create an energy-saving heating and air conditioning system since this method allows you to explore various options for constructing the studied systems with lower financial and labour costs in comparison with the experimental method. In order to verify its adequacy the simulation model includes standard values of electric energy consumption for heating and air conditioning for various sections and operating conditions obtained by the authors earlier during the correlation and regression analysis of data from parameter recorders installed in electric-multiple units. The results of the study showed the adequacy of application of the developed simulation model for organizing the control of power consumption for heating and air conditioning of direct current electric-multiple units.
Analysis of indicators of electric power efficiency in network of non-tractive power consumers of railway transport
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Kovalev Alexey Anatolyevich , Shayukhov Timur Talgatovich ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Chebakov Sergey Alexeevich ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Sharapov Alexander Takhirovich ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: April 2021

The paper considers the analysis of the most important indicators of electric power efficiency in non-tractive power supply systems of railway transport on the example of a specific traction substation feeder. The authors propose variants of solving problems of discrepancy between the indicators and standard requirements. As a result, they discuss the advantages of using the active filter in comparison with other methods of filtering upper harmonics.
The specifics of foreign language distance learning
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Drutsko N. A.
Published: April 2021

The internationality of the communicative community and the incessant process of modernization require from railway specialists the skill of freely interacting with native speakers of another language. Knowledge of a foreign language at a time when many types of activities have switched to remote functioning is an absolute advantage. This is both the opportunity to obtain relevant knowledge from foreign language sources, and the freedom to communicate and exchange experience with colleagues, regardless of which language they are native speakers. Learning online increases the responsibility of the future railway specialist for the result of mastering a foreign language, conscientiousness in organizing his own educational activities, and independence in completing assignments. The importance of learning a foreign language for railway students during a pandemic remains extremely high. With an eye on quarantine measures, we note that the inability of live communication with people is compensated by online communication channels. The greater number of tools future specialists possess, the more successful they are in coping with the current problems. A foreign language (especially English as a working language of business communication) is one of these tools. The quarantine did not prevent railway specialists from contacting their foreign colleagues, actively sharing their experience, thus being able to cope with a stressful environment in a much better way. Those specialists who switched to online mode and had to communicate with clients using communication tools also noted tangible advantages in knowing a foreign language. In case of forced physical isolation, USURT teachers use productive forms and methods, making foreign language learning no less interesting than in university classrooms. In this article, the author provides a comparative analysis of the capabilities of various online platforms and makes arguments in favor of choosing the Blackboard digital platform. Particular attention is paid to the organization of remote control over training and the forms of influence on the motivational sphere of students.
Modeling of spatial distribution of passenger traffi c on interurban bus routes
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Martynenko Alexander V. , Shevtsov Alexander A. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: April 2021

This paper is devoted to the quantitative description of the spatial distribution of passenger traffic based on the classical gravity model on the example of interurban bus service between Yekaterinburg and other cities of the Sverdlovsk region. The influence of factors such as population, distance between localities, and ticket price on the volume of passenger traffic was studied. As a result of the correlation and regression analysis, it was found that both the distance between localities and the ticket price can be used as a measure of the remoteness of localities. However, the quality of the resulting regression model does not change. The spatial distribution of interurban bus passenger traffic depends on the measure of distance of localities from each other and the size of their population. Moreover, the size of the population is a much more significant factor than the measure of distance. From a practical point of view, this means that when predicting passenger traffic, demographic factors must first be taken into account.
Classifi cation of factors aff ecting the power consumption of electric rolling stock
Authors:   Omsk State Transport University (OSTU), Baklanov Alexander A. , Domanov Kirill I. ,   Omsk State Transport University (OSTU), Esin Nikolay V. ,   Omsk State Transport University (OSTU), Istomin Stanislav G. ,   Omsk State Transport University (OSTU), Shilyakov Andrey P. ,   Omsk State Transport University (OSTU), Shatokhin Andrey P. ,   Omsk State Transport University (OSTU)
Published: April 2021

The principles and criteria for classifying factors that affect the power consumption of a train with an electric locomotive are formulated. Based on the analysis of the energy balance, the interconversions of various types of energy and the energy diagrams that characterize them in different modes of train movement are considered. The analysis made it possible to identify the factors that affect the power consumption of the train in all modes of movement, and evaluate them according to various criteria. A classification of factors affecting the train power consumption is proposed, which allows us to justify the correct method of accounting for each factor, as well as to develop measures to reduce the influence of individual factors on the train energy consumption.
Probability of trouble-free formation of transport and territorial proportions of transportation
Authors:   FGBU NTzKP of Russian Federation Ministry of Transport, Chebotaev Alik A. , Ivakhnenko Andrey M. ,   Moscow Automobile and Road State Technical University (MADI)
Published: April 2021

Based on the well-known management market and economic principles on the feasibility of combining centralism and federalism, the problem of legal and regulatory framework and the formation of comparable regional transport and territorial proportions, including mainly on the basis of innovation, is investigated. The probability of trouble-free transportation in the study of sequential connection of regional transport systems in a single complex of the country is noted. In the system of the Ministry of transport of the Russian Federation, it is advisable to create a new scientific division for the prospective formation and legal regulation of replacing traditional transportation with automated unmanned vehicles used in various operating environments.
A institucionalização dos estudos ambientais
Authors: Ferreira Leila da Costa
Published: April 2021

Entrevista com: Leila da Costa Ferreira - Professora Titular de sociologia do Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas da UNICAMP.
Magia, desencantamento e secularização
Authors: Siqueira Júlia Maria de Souza Rodrigues
Published: April 2021

Este artigo enfatiza o “processo de desencantamento do mundo” a partir do “racionalismo religioso”, produto da ação dos intelectuais e da compreensão cognitiva e teórica que eles tinham do mundo, resultando em estilos de vida significativamente diferentes tanto no Ocidente, quanto no Oriente, como também no que diz respeito às representações do mundo em relação à magia. O presente artigo procura mostrar, ainda, a diferença existente entre os processos de “desencantamento do mundo” e de “secularização”, que apresentam distinções, embora pareçam sutis, bem nítidas na Sociologia weberiana.
Produção familiar e pluriatividade no município de Araraquara-SP
Authors: Ferreira Darlene Aparecida de Oliveira , Pereira José Carlos Alves
Published: April 2021

Nesse artigo, procura-se debater as estratégias de reprodução social do agricultor familiar sob os impactos da modernização tecnológica na base da produção agrícola. Como estudo de caso, tomou-se o Município de Araraquara-SP, onde a monocultura é hegemônica, mas persistem produtores familiares.
A arte de enganar a natureza
Authors: Manica Daniela Tonelli
Published: April 2021

Complementando a discussão sobre a constituição de uma ciência fundamentada na construção da diferença sexual, tema do primeiro livro de Fabíola Rohden, a autora procura agora desvelar os debates travados entre políticos, médicos e juristas nas primeiras décadas do século XX sobre os temas da contracepção, aborto e infanticídio.
Trabalhadores e bandidos
Authors: Feltran Gabriel de Santis
Published: April 2021

Este artigo apresenta a trajetória de uma família, moradora de uma favela na zona Leste de São Paulo, estudada entre 2005 e 2007. A partir dessa trajetória, discutem-se as implicações políticas da categorização social, muito difundida no senso comum, que opõe “trabalhadores” e “bandidos”. O texto está dividido em quatro partes. Na primeira parte, apresenta-se o contexto de transformações recentes da organização social das periferias de São Paulo. Na segunda, aparecem as características da etnografia empreendida. Na terceira, verificam-se as formas como o “mundo do crime” invade as dinâmicas domésticas das famílias de favela, e como ele passa a disputar espaço, nelas, com outros marcos discursivos socialmente mais legítimos. Na quarta parte, argumenta-se que este processo de disputa, no tecido social, é simultâneo à nomeação bipolar, no mundo público, de “trabalhadores” e “bandidos”. Verifica-se, então, a plasticidade destas categorias e seus modos de operar politicamente.
Em filigrana
Authors: Scachetti Rodolfo Eduardo , Monteiro Rosana Horio
Published: April 2021

A proposta desse dossiê é a de reunir trabalhos que trafeguem por áreas fronteiriças, apresentando produções científicas e artísticas que se cruzem de algum modo e alimentem a tríade “sociologia, arte e tecnociências”. Assim, os leitores terão a oportunidade não de desvendar o que há isoladamente de sociologia, de arte e de tecnologia nos trabalhos que seguem, mas sim de perceber o modo como estes identificam, discutem e se envolvem com algo que poderíamos considerar central no dossiê: as questões estético-políticas disparadas pela avalanche tecnocientífica a partir da virada cibernética. Os textos selecionados tratam de temas recorrentes hoje nesse campo de interesses, apresentando referências eperspectivas ao mesmo tempo partilhadas e em oposição.
A mobilidade celular
Authors: Vicentin Diego Jair
Published: April 2021

O termo mobilidade tem aparecido de maneira cada vez mais frequente em nosso vocabulário. Utilizado com diversos sentidos, tornou-se uma qualidade bastante festejada, desejada, positiva, em grande parte por conta de sua associação com as tecnologias móveis de comunicação, em especial, a tecnologia celular. Pois bem, o artigo que se apresenta pretende fazer ver quais são as formas de mobilidade produzidas por essa tecnologia explorando sua lógica de funcionamento e sua linha evolutiva. Trata-se, portanto, de explorar as tecnicidades da rede celular de comunicação e verificar as formas de mobilidade que se manifestam em seus terminais móveis (os telefones celulares): enquanto objetos que articulam comunicação e movimento, e que se encontram num processo de constante mutação e adaptação, convergindo formas e funções.
FACTORS AFFECTING DELIVERY CARE OF URBAN MOTHERS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY OF THE URBAN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PROJECT IN BANGLADESH
Authors: Rahman Md Mizanur , Mizan Sharmin , Safii Razitasham , Ahmad Sk Akhtar
Published: April 2021

Maternal mortality and its associated complications can be avoided by ensuring safe and supervised delivery. In this paper, the authors examined the factors associated with the utilisation of institutional delivery care at the Urban Primary Health Care Project (UPHCP) clinic in Bangladesh. A two-stage cluster sampling was used in selecting the ever-married women aged 15-49 years in the catchment areas of the UPHCP in Bangladesh. A total of 3,949 women’s data were analysed. The authors collected data through face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire. A multinomial logistic regression analysis was done to determine the potential factors associated with the utilisation of delivery care, in which ‘place of delivery care’ was considered as a dependent variable. Data entry and analysis were done in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22.0. This study found that 30% of the women delivered their most recent child at the UPHCP clinic, and 45.9% of the women delivered their most recent child at other institutions. However, one-fifth of the women delivered at home. Doctors attended two-thirds of the deliveries. A small proportion of women were tended to by nurses, paramedics, FWV, and FWA. Traditional birth attendants attended one-fifth (20%) of deliveries. The multinomial logistic regression analysis found that respondents from poor catchment areas were 33.677 times more likely to utilise delivery care at the UPHCP when compared to 12.052 times by the respondents who took previous antenatal care from the non-poor catchment area. This study also found that women who had entitlement cards were 6.840 times more likely to utilise delivery care at the UPHCP in the poor catchment area, which was almost twice the women from the non-poor catchment area. Although the maternal mortality rate in Bangladesh has notably reduced,Bangladesh still needs to address the issue of safe delivery for marginalised women in order to attain the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030. A red card approach might increase access to the UPHCP for marginalised women to have safe deliveries.Keywords: poor, urban, red card, delivery care, Urban Primary Health Care Project, Bangladesh
PEER GROUP COUNSELING IN IMPROVING PROSIAL BEHAVIOR OF ADOLESCENT IN SURABAYA
Authors: Arief Yuni Sufyanti , Krisnana Ilya , Kurnia Iqlima Dwi , Rachmawati Praba Diyan
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Social problems that occur in adolescent students lead to anti-social behavior. Antisocial behavior is a disorder of adjustment to the social environment caused by weak self-control. The purpose of this community service is to provide knowledge and abilities to junior high school students as peer counselors so that they can develop adolescent prosocial behavior and can prevent antisocial behavior.Methods: The method used in this community service activity is training with the method of lectures and discussions on peer counseling, prosocial behavior in adolescents, and skills as a peer counselor. A total of 40 people consisting of selected students, counseling teachers, and person in charge of students participated in this activity and also carried out an evaluation of adolescent prosocial behavior through the pretest and posttest.Results: The results obtained through this activity are that there is an increase in the knowledge and attitudes of adolescents in developing prosocial behavior. This is because the method of lectures, discussions, through training modules can provide a clear technical picture so that participants know and can practice their abilities as peer counselors in improving prosocial behavior of junior high school adolescents.Conclusion: It is hoped that the next community service activity can achieve a wider target and a diverse community.
Culture - backbone of European union's tourism policy
Authors: Hitrec Tomislav
Published: April 2021

The author discusses the connection between tourism and culture considering it both causally and functionally. Attention is paid to so called cultural tourism, i.e. that part of global tourist movement which is continually and increasingly influenced by cultural motives, within which city destinations are specially considered. The basics of the European Union’s tourism policy is presented, and the main directions of its influence based on its relevant documentation and practice discussed. Within this given framework the paper mainly concentrates on the importance of culture within the given policy from which is derived its unavoidable role in integration processes on the territories of modern Europe. Relying on its rich past and traditional values Europe is on the threshold of its third millennium, aware more than ever of the important role of tourism in teaching national culture, and in creating Europe’s own personal image. Within this context an independent Croatia must belong which, with its culture and tourism, seeks to be included within an integrated Europe.
Host-Targeted Antivirals Inhibit RACK1-mediated IRES Activities in HIV-1 Infection
Authors: Malli Israa , Kumari Namita , Dubrovsky Larisa , Ivanov Andrey , Bukrinsky Michael , Nekhai Sergei , Dakshanamurthy Sivanesan , Ullah Hemayet
Published: April 2021

Host ribosome-associated scaffold protein Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1 (RACK1) is utilized by a diverse group of human viruses for Internal Ribosomal Entry Sites (IRES) – mediated translation of viral mRNAs. We recently reported inhibition of herpes virus by small molecules targeting the RACK1 functional site. Here, we tested these molecules against HIV-1 and HCV, as HIV-1 contains two potential IRES sites and HCV translation occurs exclusively through IRES. Compounds significantly downregulated activities of HIV-1- and HCV-related dicistronic reporter constructs in transfected HEK293T cells. The compounds also strongly downregulated production of the HIV-1 capsid protein p24 in HIV-infected cells, as well as production of HIV-1 Gag precursor p55 and p55-derived proteins p24 and p17 in cells infected with the HIV-1 virus. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) IRES activities were also significantly inhibited by RACK1 inhibitor compounds. Since a number of human and plant pathogenic viruses are reported to use IRES, the RACK1 compounds can be established as broad host-targeted antivirals.
Heating and Cooling Degree-Days Climate Change Projections for Portugal
Authors: Andrade Cristina , Mourato Sandra , Ramos João
Published: April 2021

Climate change is expected to influence cooling and heating energy demand of residential buildings and affect overall thermal comfort. Towards this end, the heating degree-day (HDD), the cooling degree-day (CDD) and the HDD+CDD were computed from an ensemble of 7 high-resolution bias-corrected simulations attained from EURO-CORDEX under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. These three indicators were analyzed for 1971-2000 (from E-OBS) and 2011-2040 and 2041-2070, under both RCPs. Results show that the overall spatial distribution of HDD trends for the 3 time-periods points out an increase of energy demand to heat internal environments in Portugal's northern-eastern regions, most significant under RCP8.5. It is projected an increase of CDD values for both scenarios; however, statistically significant linear trends were only found for 2041-2070 under RCP4.5. The need for cooling is almost negligible for the remaining periods, though linear trend values are still considerably higher for 2041-2070 under RCP8.5. By the end of 2070, higher amplitudes for all indicators are depicted for southern Algarve and Alentejo regions, mainly under RCP8.5. For 2041-2070 the Centre and Alentejo (North and Centre) regions present major positive differences for HDD(CDD) under RCP4.5(RCP8.5), within the 5 NUTS II regions predicting higher heating(cooling) requirements for some locations.
Overview of Nano-fiber Bundles Fabrication via Electrospinning and Morphology Analysis
Authors: Ahmadian Amirhossein , Shafiee Abbas , Aliahmad Nojan , Agarwal Mangilal
Published: April 2021

Electro-spun ultra-fine fibers exhibit two significant properties: a high surface-to-volume ratio and a relatively defect-free molecular structure. Due to the high surface-to-volume ratio, electro-spun materials are well suited for activities requiring increased physical contact, such as providing a site for a chemical reaction or filtration of small-sized physical materials. However, electrospinning has many shortcomings, including difficulties in producing inorganic nanofibers and a limited number or variety of polymers used in the process. The fabrication of nanofiber bundles via electrospinning is explored in this analytical study, as well as the relationship between extrinsic electrospinning parameters and the relative abundance of various fiber morphologies. Numerous variables could impact the fabrication of nanofibers, resulting in a variety of morphologies; therefore, adequate ambient conditions and selecting the appropriate solvent for achieving a homogenous polymer solution and uniform electro-spun materials are examined. Finally, common polymers suitable for electrospinning and the promising applications of ultra-fine fibers achieved via electrospinning are studied in this paper.
High Gain Transformer Less Inverter using Buck Boost Converter
Authors: Deshpande Abhinav Vinod
Published: April 2021

In this research paper, a high gain transformer less inverter modeling which is used for the smart grid technology or as the stand alone for home appliances is proposed. The proposed transformer less topology provides a higher voltage gain, low cost, small size and simple control stand alone transformer less inverter for home appliances. The above inverter is modeled by using software which is known as MATLAB/ Simulimk.
On novel Copper Based Alloys Development via Friction Stir Alloying
Authors: Moiduddin Khaja , Siddiquee Arshad Noor , Abidi Mustufa Haider , Mian Syed Hammad , Mohammed Muneer Khan
Published: April 2021

Friction stir alloying (FSA) of commercially pure Cu with Ni, Zn, and Mg is implemented in the current study. The successfully fabricated alloy structure has been scrutinized in terms of mechanical and micro-structural standpoints. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy revealed a uniform distribution of alloying elements and coalescence at the atomic level. The compositional and grain size heterogeneity is managed in the stir zone, which pave way for microstructural control using FSA. Thus, the present study carries significance for the development of novel materials whose fabrication requires temperature far below the melting point of base metals. Ultra-refinement of grains is found to accompany the alloying process, with ~ 440 nm being the smallest grain size. Maximum and average micro-hardness enhancement of 18.4 % and 6 % is observed for the fabricated alloy. Tensile properties have also been investigated and co-related with the micro-structural morphology. The shift towards grain bimodality has also been reported, which is a highly sought property in the present day, especially to overcome the strength-ductility trade-off.
Algılanan Nepotizmin İşgören Performansı Üzerindeki Etkisinde Örgütsel Yalnızlığın Aracılık Rolü: Kamu ve Özel Sektör Karşılaştırması
Authors: İBİŞ Özlem , YEŞİLTAŞ Meryem Derya
Published: April 2021

Araştırmanın amacı, nepotizmin örgütsel yalnızlık ve işgören performansının üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmaktır. Ayrıca, nepotizmin iş gören performansı üzerindeki etkisinde örgütsel yalnızlığın aracı (mediator) rolünü incelemektir. Araştırma, nepotizmin daha önce test edilmediği örgütsel yalnızlık kavramı ile ilişkisinin test edilmesi bakımından önem taşımaktadır. Bu bağlamda, Hatay ilinde kolayda örneklem ve kartopu örnekleme yöntemleri kullanılarak 407 (212 özel sektör ve 195 kamu çalışanı) geçerli anket ile veri toplanmıştır. Özel sektör ve kamu çalışanları iki farklı örneklem olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, “güvenirlik analizleri”, “keşifsel faktör analizleri”, “bağımsız örneklem t- testi”, “Pearson korelasyon analizi”, “basit doğrusal regresyon analizi”, “hiyerarşik regresyon analizi” ve “Sobel testi” kullanılmıştır. Analiz bulguları; her iki örneklemde de nepotizmin örgütsel yalnızlığı etkilediğini; özel sektör çalışanlarında nepotizmin işgören performansı üzerindeki etkisinde örgütsel yalnızlığın aracı rolü olduğunu; kamu çalışanlarında ise nepotizmin ne örgütsel yalnızlığı ne de işgören performansını etkilemediği belirlenmiştir. Araştırma, nepotizmin daha önce test edilmediği örgütsel yalnızlık kavramı ile ilişkisinin incelenmesi ile kamu ve özel sektörün karşılaştırılmasının değişkenlerin anlaşılmasına ve yönetilmesine katkı sağlayabilecek sonuçlara ulaşılması bakımından önem taşımaktadır.
Hip Arthroplasty with a Preceding Contralateral Pelvic Support Osteotomy: 7- and 21-Year Follow-up
Authors: El-Husseini Timour F. , Mahmoud Ahmed Nageeb , Hosny Gamal A
Published: April 2021

Case:

This is a case of 27-year-old woman with bilateral hip dysplasia who had been treated with a pelvic support osteotomy (PSO) on 1 side and a contralateral total hip replacement (THR). Good clinical outcomes for both hips were achieved after 21 and 7 years after PSO and THR, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, these 2 different methods have not been previously reported in 1 patient.

Conclusion:

Total hip arthroplasty in presence of contralateral PSO may be offered as a viable treatment option for advanced osteoarthritis to restore hip range of motion and achieve satisfactory clinical results.
Methodology of determining of the transfer function of engagement kinematics of accelerations of an aircraft and its elliptic coordinates used for thr guidance based on time difference of arrival
Authors: Legkostup V. V. , Markevich V. E.
Published: April 2021

This paper discusses the problem of determining a kinematics (in terms of transfer function, as far as possible) of parameters of the motion of an aircraft expressed in the curvilinear coordinate system and control accelerations expressed in a rectangular coordinate system. Examples of curvilinear coordinate systems using in practice can be polar, biangular, two-center bipolar, elliptic, parabolic cylindrical, spherical, ellipsoidal, coordinate systems. A technique for obtaining a kinematic link for the control problem of an unmanned aerial vehicle in the elliptic coordinate system was described. It allowed to obtain simpler view of the kinematic link which could provide navigation an aircraft along the hyperbola deriving from the time difference of arrival navigation system. It can. As a result, it is possible to reduce the number of the navigation radio beacons.
Solving a Class of Equilibrium Problems With Equilibrium Constraints*
Authors: Li Peiyu , Ding Ke-Wei
Published: April 2021

An equilibrium problem with equilibrium constraints (EPEC) can be looked on as a generalized Nash equilibrium problem (GNEP) and the mathematical programs with equilibrium constraints (MPEC) whose constraints contain a parametric variational inequality or complementarity system. In this paper, we particularly consider a class of EPEC and solve its normalized stationary points where the multipliers of the leaders on the shared constraints are proportionable. We reformulate this kind of EPEC to a standard MPEC. In addition, we demonstrate the proposed approach on an EPEC model in similar products market.
Folic Acid Attenuated Learning and Memory Impairment via Inhibition of Oxidative Damage and Acetylcholinesterase Activity in Hypothyroid Rats
Authors: Amirahmadi Sabiheh , Hosseini Mahmoud , Ahmadabady Somaieh , Akbarain Mahsa , Abrari Kataneh , Vafaee Farzaneh , Rajabian Arezoo
Published: April 2021

Hypothyroidism has been associated with cognitive decline. Considering the role that has been suggested for folic acid (FA) in cognitive performance, the present study was designed to investigate the effects of FA against hypothyroidism-induced cognitive impairment, oxidative damage and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity alterations in propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced hypothyroid rats. In this study, PTU (0.05% in drinking water) and FA (5, 10, and 15 mg/kg, oral gavage) were administered to the rats for a period of 7 weeks. Then, behavioral performance was tested using Morris water maze (MWM) and passive avoidance (PA) tasks. Finally, oxidative stress indicators and AChE activity were assayed in the brain tissues. The impairing effect of hypothyroidism on cognitive performance was markedly alleviated by FA especially at the higher doses. In the MWM test, FA reduced escape latency and travelled distance, compared to the non-treated hypothyroid group. In the PA test, the latency to enter the dark chamber was significantly enhanced by FA as compared to the non-treated hypothyroid group (p < 0.05-p < 0.001). Besides, FA attenuated AChE activity and malondialdehyde level but increased superoxidase dismutase enzyme activity and total thiol content (p < 0.05-p < 0.001). In conclusion, FA could improve learning and memory ability in hypothyroid rats. The observed protective effects may be mediated through regulation of oxidative stress and AChE activity.
Influences of Culture Media, Temperature and Light/Dark Conditions on Growth and Antifungal Activity of Streptomyces spp. Against Botrytis cinerea, in vitro and on Tomato Leaf
Authors: Boukaew Sawai , Yossan Siriporn , Cheirsilp Benjamas , Petlamul Wanida , Prasertsan Poonsuk
Published: April 2021

The influences of culture media, temperature, and light/dark conditions on growth and antifungal activity of the three strains Streptomyces spp. against Botrytis cinerea was studied. Results of in vitro study indicated that the GYM agar and incubated at 28°C exhibited good mycelial growth and a spore mass production of the three strains of Streptomyces spp. On the other hand, the PDA and incubation at 21°C were suitable for the mycelial growth of B. cinerea . Moreover, light/dark conditions had an effect on the growth of the two strains of S. philanthi . The strains RL-1-178 and RM-1-138 of S. philanthi grown in all media and incubation temperatures tested possessed antifungal activity against B. cinerea (100% inhibition) while S. mycarofaciens showed different results on PDA (83% inhibition) and GYM (88% inhibition) with the optimum incubation temperature at 21°C. Then, the antifungal compounds in culture filtrates produced by the three antagonistic strains against B. cinerea were tested on tomato leaf. They showed a significantly higher inhibitory effect on the symptoms of blight disease on tomato leaf compared with the control. The better protection efficacy against B. cinerea on tomato leaf was observed with the culture filtrates of S. philanthi RM-1-138 (82.89% and 0.33 cm 2 lesion areas symptoms). Moreover, the antifungal compounds in the culture filtrate of S. philanthi RM-1-138, identified by GC-MS, were greatly altered relative to concentration components under different temperatures and light/dark conditions tested. Our results clearly demonstrated that the environmental factors have an influence on antifungal activity of the three strains of Streptomyces spp.