bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Scoping review of outcome measures used in telerehabilitation and virtual reality for post-stroke rehabilitation
Authors: Veras Mirella , Kairy Dahlia , Rogante Marco , Giacomozzi Claudia , Saraiva Silvia
Published: June 2016

Introduction

Despite the increased interest in telerehabilitation (TR), virtual reality (VR) and outcome measures for stroke rehabilitation, surprisingly little research has been done to map and identify the most common outcome measures used in TR. For this review, we conducted a systematic search of the literature that reports outcome measures used in TR or VR for stroke rehabilitation. Our specific objectives included: 1) to identify the outcome measures used in TR and VR studies; and 2) to describe which parts of the International Classification of Functioning are measured in the studies.

Methods

We conducted a comprehensive search of relevant electronic databases (e.g. PubMed, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Embase, PSYCOINFO, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial and the Physiotherapy Evidence Database). The scoping review included all study designs. Two reviewers conducted pilot testing of the data extraction forms and independently screened all the studies and extracted the data. Disagreements about inclusion or exclusion were resolved by consensus or by consulting a third reviewer.

Results

In total, 28 studies were included in this scoping review. The results were synthesized and reported considering the implications of the findings within the clinical practice and policy context.

Discussion

This scoping review identified a wide range of outcome measures used in VR and TR studies and helped identify gaps in current use of outcome measures in the literature. The review also informs researchers and end users (i.e. clinicians, policymakers and researchers) regarding the most appropriate outcome measures for TR or VR.
Effects of first language processes and representations on second language perception: The case of vowel epenthesis by Japanese speakers
Authors: Nomura Jun , Ishikawa Keiichi
Published: June 2016

Aims and objectives/purpose/research questions:

Japanese speakers are known to perceive “illusory vowels” within consonant clusters illicit in their language. The present study examines how this perceptual vowel epenthesis is affected by first language (L1) processes (restoration of vowels devoiced through Japanese high vowel devoicing), L1 representations (loanword representations in Japanese speakers’ lexicons), and proficiency in English.

Design/methodology/approach:

The participants judged the presence or absence of a mora (e.g., ム /mu/) in an auditorily presented English word (e.g., homesick). The 40 test items contained a heterosyllabic consonant cluster with four different voicing patterns to examine whether the vowel restoration process is related to vowel epenthesis. Twenty of the test items are frequently used as loanwords in Japanese, meaning that they are stored in the L1 lexicon with a vowel inserted inside the consonant cluster (e.g., /hoomusikku/). The other 20 are low-frequency items that are virtually nonwords for the non-native participants.

Data and analysis:

The vowel epenthesis rates and reaction times (RTs) were obtained from 14 introductory learners, 15 intermediate learners, and 19 native speakers.

Findings/conclusions:

The results show the main effects of Voice, Loanword Representation, and Proficiency, as well as the interaction among the three factors. Negative correlations between vowel epenthesis rates and RTs were also observed for the learners. The results indicate differential effects of vowel restoration and loanwords on perceptual epenthesis by learners of different proficiency levels.

Originality:

The present study was one of the first attempts to test the relation between proficiency and perceptual vowel epenthesis using real English words.

Significance/implications:

The findings demonstrate the robustness of L1 processes and representations in second language perception while substantiating the existing argument for early vowel epenthesis. They also raise questions regarding the effects of training and the role of native speaker input.
‘Some I don’t remember and some I do’: Memory talk in accounts of intimate partner violence
Authors: Goodman Simon , Walker Kate
Published: June 2016

This study is the first to address the ways in which male perpetrators of intimate partner violence (IPV) talk about memory in their reports of their IPV and how these are used to manage their accountability for the violence. Drawing on and developing the discursive psychological literature on talk about memory, which highlights how such talk is used to perform practical actions within interactions, a discourse analysis is conducted on interviews with six male perpetrators of recent, multiple incidents of IPV who were undergoing treatment. The analysis identified the varying ways in which memory was used: first, claims of forgetting were used to avoid answering difficult and potentially incriminating questions; second, claims of clear memories were used to position partners as problematic and responsible for violence; and third, claims about simultaneously remembering and forgetting were found. The implications of these strategies for managing identity and accountability are discussed.
A case study of a grassroots truth and reconciliation commission from a community practice perspective
Authors: Androff David
Published: June 2016

Truth and Reconciliation Commissions represent an innovative model for social work practice. The Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission was a community-based intervention that sought to address lingering social trauma and tension from a 1979 incident of racial violence in North Carolina. This case study analyzes the Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission from a community practice perspective by highlighting relevant aspects of the intervention for social work practice. The intervention is examined along the community practice dimensions of context, theoretical basis, practice model, framing, strategy, and tactics. Each dimension is presented and related to a specific aspect of the Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission case.

Findings

The historical context of the Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission includes legacies racism, labor exploitation, and violence that was pervasive in the U.S. south, as well as traditions of resistance to oppression. The theoretical underpinnings of the Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission include social constructionism and restorative justice. The Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission falls within the community practice models of neighborhood and community organizing and community capacity development. The intervention was framed as a Truth and Reconciliation Commission and incorporated a strategy of inclusiveness. The community practice tactics of fundraising, outreach and recruitment, research and investigation, and public hearings were employed.

Applications

This article concludes with assessments of the Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission’s impact and implications for community practice, including current applications of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission model in the U.S. Social workers working in communities can apply the Truth and Reconciliation Commission model and the specific community practice dimensions identified in the case study to empower communities and work to overcome legacies of social injustice, violence, and oppression.
‘I know what I like and I like what I know’: Epistemology in practice and theory and practice again
Authors: Hardy Mark
Published: June 2016

This article is a reflective piece in which I account for how and why I have developed my current understanding of the relevance of epistemology to practice, to social work research and to the relationship between the two. Social work as a profession has itself faced something of an epistemological crisis of late, which has impacted on both practice and research in ways which have not necessarily been beneficial. I will draw my own practice and reseach to highlight the twists and turns in the development of my thinking about these issues and as a corollary, my views regarding the bridging role that pragmatic epistemology might play between research and practice.
Cohorts and Connections
Authors: Lake Erinn D. , Koper Jordan , Balayan Ariana , Lynch Lian
Published: June 2016

The purpose of this article is to examine student retention rates and graduation among a doctoral program at a Mid-Atlantic institution. This qualitative study found that faculty encouragement, self-motivation, the cohort model, and the structure of this program contributed to its success. The authors recommend a universal model of retention, as well as a national database of graduate retention rates, be created to aid school administrators in future decision making.
Living a secret: Disclosure among adolescents and young adults with chronic illnesses
Authors: Kaushansky Daniel , Cox Jarad , Dodson Chaka , McNeeley Miles , Kumar Sinthu , Iverson Ellen
Published: June 2016

Objectives

This qualitative study examines how and why adolescents living with visible and invisible chronic illnesses choose to share their condition with individuals within their social environments.

Methods

A sample of 25 adolescents were recruited from five subspecialty services: Spina bifida, rheumatology, cardiology, cystic fibrosis, and renal transplant/dialysis. Recruits completed a semi-structured interview designed to explore: (1) to whom adolescents disclose their conditions, (2) motivation and conditions under which they disclose, (3) content of disclosure, and (4) barriers to disclosure.

Results

Family members closely connected to treatment or management are most likely to be primary targets of disclosure. Regardless of social network size, respondents disclosed their illness to few peers. Common reasons for disclosure were perceived trust and shared experience with illness and disability. Reasons for withholding disclosure include perceived fear of rejection, pity, and perceptions of being seen as vulnerable or different.

Discussion

Disclosure was found to be influenced by (a) the visibility of a condition, (b) the anticipated response from the recipient, (c) practical needs, and (d) a decision that disclosure is justified. These findings inform clinical practice, warrant the need for further study, and insinuate practical solutions to combat the socio-emotional impact of nondisclosure among adolescents.
Communication studies at the crossroads: What do we stand for?
Authors: Timcke Scott
Published: June 2016

Using a latent institutional lens to examine the reproductive conditions of academic knowledge creation, this article examines several interrelated problems facing communication studies. Primarily, these problems are indicative of wider social forces that shape academic and disciplinary inquiry. As such, the fate of communication studies is linked to the broader political economic transformations that are underway in the early 21st century.
Apixaban to prevent stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation: a review
Authors: Peterson Benjamin E. , Al-Khatib Sana M. , Granger Christopher B.
Published: June 2016

Atrial fibrillation is a common, costly and morbid cardiovascular arrhythmia. Stroke prevention remains the mainstay of treatment for atrial fibrillation, and the recent advent of novel oral anticoagulants with direct factor IIa or factor Xa inhibition has significantly revolutionized this aspect of treatment for atrial fibrillation patients. This review focuses on the tolerability and efficacy of apixaban and tackles the generalizability of the findings with apixaban to broader patient populations than those primarily enrolled in the clinical trials, drawing from the AVERROES and ARISTOTLE trials and their subsequent secondary analyses. Taken together, findings from these trials show that apixaban is superior to warfarin in preventing stroke with a lower risk of major bleeding in the general population of patients with atrial fibrillation as well as in several key high-risk patient subgroups.
Vascular endothelial growth factor and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α gene polymorphisms and coronary collateral formation in patients with coronary chronic total occlusions
Authors: Amoah Vincent , Wrigley Benjamin , Holroyd Eric , Smallwood Andrew , Armesilla Angel L , Nevill Alan , Cotton James
Published: June 2016

Introduction:

We evaluated the association between two single nucleotide polymorphisms of the vascular endothelial growth factor gene and one of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α gene and the degree of coronary collateral formation in patients with a coronary chronic total occlusion.

Methods:

Totally, 98 patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease and a chronic total occlusion observed during coronary angiography were recruited. Genotyping of two vascular endothelial growth factor promoter single nucleotide polymorphisms (−152G>A and −165C>T) and the C1772T single nucleotide polymorphism of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α were performed using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The presence and extent of collateral vessel filling was scored by blinded observers using the Rentrop grade.

Results:

We found no association between the vascular endothelial growth factor −152G>A, −165C>T and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α −1772C>T with the presence and filling of coronary collateral vessels. A history of percutaneous coronary intervention and transient ischaemic attack/cerebrovascular accident were associated with the presence of enhanced collateral vessel formation following binary logistic regression analysis.

Conclusion:

The study findings suggest that coronary collateral formation is not associated with the tested polymorphic variants of vascular endothelial growth factor and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease and the presence of a chronic total occlusion.
Social media analytics and research testbed (SMART): Exploring spatiotemporal patterns of human dynamics with geo-targeted social media messages
Authors: Yang Jiue-An , Tsou Ming-Hsiang , Jung Chin-Te , Allen Christopher , Spitzberg Brian H , Gawron Jean Mark , Han Su-Yeon
Published: June 2016

The multilevel model of meme diffusion conceptualizes how mediated messages diffuse over time and space. As a pilot application of implementing the meme diffusion, we developed the social media analytics and research testbed to monitor Twitter messages and track the diffusion of information in and across different cities and geographic regions. Social media analytics and research testbed is an online geo-targeted search and analytics tool, including an automatic data processing procedure at the backend and an interactive frontend user interface. Social media analytics and research testbed is initially designed to facilitate (1) searching and geo-locating tweet topics and terms in different cities and geographic regions; (2) filtering noise from raw data (such as removing redundant retweets and using machine learning methods to improve precision); (3) analyzing social media data from a spatiotemporal perspective; and (4) visualizing social media data in diagnostic ways (such as weekly and monthly trends, trend maps, top media, top retweets, top mentions, or top hashtags). Social media analytics and research testbed provides researchers and domain experts with a tool that can efficiently facilitate the refinement, formalization, and testing of research hypotheses or questions. Three case studies (flu outbreaks, Ebola epidemic, and marijuana legalization) are introduced to illustrate how the predictions of meme diffusion can be examined and to demonstrate the potentials and key functions of social media analytics and research testbed.
Understanding the promises and premises of online health platforms
Authors: Van Dijck José , Poell Thomas
Published: June 2016

This article investigates the claims and complexities involved in the platform-based economics of health and fitness apps. We examine a double-edged logic inscribed in these platforms, promising to offer personal solutions to medical problems while also contributing to the public good. On the one hand, online platforms serve as personalized data-driven services to their customers. On the other hand, they allegedly serve public interests, such as medical research or health education. In doing so, many apps employ a diffuse discourse, hinging on terms like “sharing,” “open,” and “reuse” when they talk about data extraction and distribution. The analytical approach we adopt in this article is situated at the nexus of science and technology studies, political economy, and the sociology of health and illness. The analysis concentrates on two aspects: datafication (the use and reuse of data) and commodification (a platform’s deployment of governance and business models). We apply these analytical categories to three specific platforms: 23andMe, PatientsLikeMe, and Parkinson mPower. The last section will connect these individual examples to the wider implications of health apps’ data flows, governance policies, and business models. Regulatory bodies commonly focus on the (medical) safety and security of apps, but pay scarce attention to health apps’ techno-economic governance. Who owns user-generated health data and who gets to benefit? We argue that it is important to reflect on the societal implications of health data markets. Governments have the duty to provide conceptual clarity in the grand narrative of transforming health care and health research.
Cyclical Symptom Change Across the Menstrual Cycle
Authors: Kiesner Jeff , Mendle Jane , Eisenlohr-Moul Tory A. , Pastore Massimiliano
Published: June 2016

Although menstrual cycle-related changes in psychological and physical symptoms have been the focus of study for decades, important gaps remain in our understanding of these changes. In the present study we test for individual differences and covariations in cyclical changes across diverse symptom domains, including physical symptoms, affective disturbances, and attributional style. Using prospective daily reports across two full menstrual cycles from n = 163 young adult women ( M = 19.54 years), the present study applies a combination of within-person analyses (cosine function regressions) and structural equation modeling to examine individual differences, factor structure, and symptom-specific associations. Results suggest that (a) individual differences in cyclical change are consistently significant and relatively more important than average levels of change, (b) cyclical change across diverse symptom types are best modeled as separate but correlated factors, and (c) future research should also consider attributional style, along with cyclical changes in affective and physical symptoms.
Corruption of dendritic cell antigen presentation during acute GVHD leads to regulatory T-cell failure and chronic GVHD
Authors: Leveque-El mouttie Lucie , Koyama Motoko , Le Texier Laetitia , Markey Kate A. , Cheong Melody , Kuns Rachel D. , Lineburg Katie E. , Teal Bianca E. , Alexander Kylie A. , Clouston Andrew D. , Blazar Bruce R. , Hill Geoffrey R. , MacDonald Kelli P. A.
Published: June 2016

Key Points

Acute GVHD leads to defective MHC class II antigen presentation by donor DC, leading to a failure of peripheral Treg homeostasis. Impaired Treg homeostasis results in chronic GVHD directly and can be alleviated by adoptive Treg transfer.
Venetoclax responses of pediatric ALL xenografts reveal sensitivity of MLL-rearranged leukemia
Authors: Khaw Seong Lin , Suryani Santi , Evans Kathryn , Richmond Jennifer , Robbins Alissa , Kurmasheva Raushan T. , Billups Catherine A. , Erickson Stephen W. , Guo Yuelong , Houghton Peter J. , Smith Malcolm A. , Carol Hernan , Roberts Andrew W. , Huang David C. S. , Lock Richard B.
Published: June 2016

Key Points

Venetoclax demonstrates potent in vitro and in vivo single-agent activity in MLL-rearranged ALL xenografts. Clinically efficacious BH3-mimetic therapy for other high-risk ALL subtypes is likely to require concurrent BCL-2 and BCL-XL inhibition.
A nomenclatural treatment for Veronica subsect. Pentasepalae (Plantaginaceae sensu APG III) and typification of several names
Authors: Rojas-Andrés Blanca M. , Rico Enrique , Martínez-Ortega M. Montserrat
Published: June 2016

The large genus Veronica has a complex evolutionary history. Within it, Veronica subsect. Pentasepalae represents an ideal system to study important evolutionary processes, such as hybridization and polyploidization. Delimitation of species boundaries within the subsection is a difficult task and the highly complicated taxonomy of the group has led to an accumulation of approximately 230 names for 22 accepted taxa. Many names have been used in different taxonomic senses even in recent Floras, scientific works, catalogues, Red Lists and internet resources. The lack of an updated taxonomic and nomenclatural framework represents a significant problem to develop further studies in several fields such as ecology, conservation, plant and evolutionary biology. A complete nomenclatural treatment for the whole subsection is provided here, that relies on results derived from the first phylogenetic analysis of V. subsect. Pentasepalae based on DNA sequence data, morphology and ploidy‐ level information. Nomenclatural types for 22 validly published names are designated. In total 21 lectotypes, 2 epitypes and 1 neotype are chosen. A new combination, Veronica linearis, is proposed.
Cynanchum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae): A pantropical Asclepiadoid genus revisited
Authors: Khanum Rizwana , Surveswaran Siddharthan , Meve Ulrich , Liede-Schumann Sigrid
Published: June 2016

Cynanchum constitutes one of the very few Asclepiadoid genera that are distributed both in the Old and the New World. The present study of more than 100 species, based on Bayesian and maximum likelihood analysis of five chloroplast and four nuclear markers, resolves nine clades. No unambiguous morphological characters are associated with any particular clade or a combination of several clades, so that a wide concept of Cynanchum seems the most appropriate taxonomic solution for the group. For this reason, several hitherto independent genera, Glossonema, Graphistemma, Holostemma, Metalepis, Metaplexis, Odontanthera, Pentarrhinum, Raphistemma and Seshagiria are included in Cynanchum. In addition, Adelostemma and Sichuania are subsumed under Cynanchum for morphological reasons. The necessary new combinations are made, resulting in twelve new species combinations, two new subspecies combinations, and two new names.
A widespread radiation in the Periplocoideae (Apocynaceae): The case of Cryptolepis
Authors: Joubert Lize , Klak Cornelia , Venter Andor M. , Venter Hendrik J.T. , Bruyns Peter V.
Published: June 2016

Cryptolepis is the second‐largest genus in the Periplocoideae with 30 species. It is the most widely distributed genus in the subfamily and occupies a wide range of habitats, from moist forests to stony semi‐deserts. Analyses of DNA‐data revealed that Cryptolepis is paraphyletic and, for monophyly to prevail, Parquetina should be included in Cryptolepis. Most of the species fall into two major clades: one confined to NE Africa and neighbouring areas; the other absent from NE Africa but widely distributed from West to South Africa. Most species of Cryptolepis from the more arid areas are shrubby, often with reduced leaves and often with much reduced, few‐flowered inflorescences. We establish that Cryptolepis arose about 21 million years ago and began its major radiation around 16 million years ago. Despite this age and its wide distribution, it has not diversified significantly, perhaps limited in the more arid regions by the absence of succulence. It is also possible that the relatively uniform floral structure also limited its response to the diversity of pollinators. Although most species of Cryptolepis are African, there are three species in SE Asia. We show that these three SE Asian species are nested among African taxa and are likely to have reached SE Asia by long‐distance dispersal.
MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF GROUND FRICTION SURFACE WEAR PROCESS
Authors: Бишутин Сергей , Bishutin Sergey , Суслов Анатолий , Suslov Anatoliy
Published: June 2016

Many factors affecting considerably surface wear cannot be taken into account within the bounds of existing approaches to the mathematical description of this process. It is wellknown that the modes of finish grinding have a significant influence upon wear resistance of a friction surface. It is explained, for example, by differences in a structural – phase state of a surface layer formed in the course of thermal and force impact of abrasion. Therefore, for reliable fore-casting of the resource of many tribo-couplings it is necessary to estimate friction surface wear resistance taking into account the influence of conditions and modes of finishing abrasion.

The mathematical modeling of the process un-der consideration allowed obtaining an equation for the computation of a wear rate of run-in ground friction surfaces and nonrunin ones in which pressure in a contact, slip velocity, abrasion modes, form errors in a friction surface and also a state of a surface layer and a position error of a friction surface in a coupling are taken into account.

Experimental researches have confirmed a possibility of use in practice the mathematical depen dences obtained.

The researches carried out allow forecasting more reliably ground friction surface wear of machinery and mechanisms.
INVESTIGATION PECULIARITIES OF MECHANOCHEMICAL WEAR UNDER CONDITIONS OF SLIDING FRICTION
Authors: Кузнецов Сергей , Kuznetsov Sergey , Памфилов Евгений , Pamfilov Evgeniy , Прозоров Я. , Prozorov Ya. , Лукашов С. , Lukashov S.
Published: June 2016

Mechanochemical wear (tribocorrosion) is metal de-struction caused by a simultaneous action of friction and corrosion. In many cases the interference of me-chanical and chemical phenomena (synergism) is manifested as a result of which the situation of wear can change considerably. Tribocorrosion occurs in a wide spectrum of combined mechanical and chemical effect. The regularities of the interference manifestation of mechanical and chemical factors in tribocorrosion have been studied insufficiently neither theoretically, nor experimentally. For the analysis of tribocorrosion properties of materials under conditions of sliding friction there is offered the use of the system allowing the exposition of a sample simultaneously to tribological and corrosion processes. There are emphasized and described merits and deme-rits of the basic groups of methods for the investigation of mechanochemical wear: galvanic, potentiodynamic and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. It is defined that at the investigation of tribocorrosion it should be purposeful to use electrochemical methods inasmuch as they allow modeling many chemical properties of corrosion environment at the simultaneous mechanical effect.
ANALYSIS OF SOLID LUBRICATION EFFECT UPON SURFACE HARDENING OF HIGH-SPEED STEEL TOOLS DURING SHARPENING
Authors: Панайоти Владимир , Panayoti Vladimir
Published: June 2016

The mechanism of highspeed steel surface har-dening during grinding is considered, the system for a complex investigation of physic-stress-strain properties of surface layers is developed and the investigation results at the oil use are presented. It is determined that the value and degree of coldhardening of a high-speed steel surface layer is a thermo-dependent process, the mechanism of structural and phase changes is analyzed and the efficiency of solid lubrication use in working process is shown. Oil coating on an abrasive tool during results in a natural decrease of cold-hardening at all values of a crossfeed motion. This is caused both by cutting force decrease, and by the decrease of grinding temperature because of the friction force reduction at the interaction of high-speed steel with an oiled disk. The regularities of austenite quantity changes after steel grinding under different conditions confirm phase changes influence upon a value and a degree of cold-hardening. The results obtained allow choosing reasonably cutting modes and characteristics of cBN disks at oil coating during sharpening.
SOFTWARE MODULE DEVELOPMENT FOR DEFINITION OF PERCENTAGE COMPOSITION IN ANTIWEAR COATINGS
Authors: Игнатов Александр , Ignatov Aleksandr , Матлахов Виталий , Matlakhov Vitaliy , Суслов Анатолий , Suslov Anatoliy
Published: June 2016

For the analysis of material property changes depending on external factors in materials science there is used a method of the micro-structure analysis of material obtained with the aid of a special optic or electronic microscope. Recently the increasing distribution and application have obtained program-hardware complexes for the automation of metallographic researches which allow speeding up considerably this process. The basis for the development of such complexes is a technology of technical (computer) vision – the theory for the creation of models and algorithms which can carry out the detection and classification of objects and also the processing all research data. For the efficient change of FOP parameters, and also to ensure a convergence (repetition) of test results it is necessary to ensure the authenticity of research data processing. It is achieved by means of the application of a specially developed software module for the definition of percentage composition in nitridetitanium and other wearresisting coatings according to Photomath photographs. As input data for the software module there are used coating microstructure photos obtained with the aid of PMT-3M hardness meter. In the module mentioned all essential transformations for the further com-putation of a percentage composition with the obtaining of a result for a user and also saving in a database are carried out.
AUTOMATION OF QUALITY PARAMETER CONTROL OF MACHINERY SURFACE LAYER UNDER CONDITIONS OF UNCERTAINTY
Authors: Федонин Олег , Fedonin Oleg , Петрешин Д. , Petreshin D. , Хандожко Александр , Khandozhko Aleksandr
Published: June 2016

Under conditions of automated production the matter of ensuring the required parameters of surface layer quality in machine parts at machining becomes urgent. To ensure the required quality parameters of a surface layer (QPSL) in machinery at mechanical oper-ation there are used simulators predicting their values depending on working modes. At the ensuring of QPSL in machine parts at mechanical operation occurs uncertainty connected with the absence of univocal simulators predicting QPSL depending on working modes. One of the methods to solve the uncertainties existing consists in the instruction and self-instruction of a technological system during control and application of obtained and accumulated information at adaptive control. And at the same time the problem of parametric identification at the adopted structure of a simulator is solved. The parametric identification of simulators is carried out by a self-learning technological system of control (STSC). The developed STSC is intended for ensuring the specified parameter of roughness Ra , sur-face residual stresses, surface micro-hardness and the complex quality parameter of friction surface Cx. The algorithm of system functioning is realized as a soft-ware loaded in memory of a control device.
ROD SYSTEMS ANALYSIS BY FINITE ELEMENT METHOD AT LOAD IMPACT WITH USE OF DYNAMIC ELEMENT
Authors: Цуканова Екатерина , Tsukanova Ekaterina
Published: June 2016

A dynamic computation for rod systems at load impact with the aid of the finite element method is considered. For the digitization of systems there was used a dynamic element, the form functions which are the exact oscillating forms of structure elements. An error estimate of the computation at the use of a classic finite element with linear functions of a form is shown. The effectiveness of dynamic element application for the computation of systems at a load impact is presented.
METHODS OF MATERIAL CHOICE FOR COG-WHEELS
Authors: Тихомиров Виктор , Tikhomirov Viktor , Стриженок Александр , Strizhenok Aleksandr
Published: June 2016

The method for material choice of lowcarbon alloyed steel for manufacturing cog-wheels of axial reduction gear of locomotives of 2TE25A, TEM 18 is considered. The method allows choosing the best material for cog-wheels taking into account basic physical stressstrain and tribological characteristics and operation conditions. The material choice is carried out on the basis of three criteria: value, strength, and wear-resistance for three kinds of steel. The procedure of material choice provides for the definition of the priori-ty on every criterion. As an illustration there is shown an example. A priority and a relative priority of mate-rials compared one after another on every criterion of optimization are defined. With that end in view square matrices of connectivity are used. On the basis of data presented in the connectivity matrix there is defined a complex relative priority of competitive materials on the whole of totality of optimization criteria taking into account their weight. The offered method of material choice for heavy loaded cog-wheels allows choosing the best material reasoning from conditions of contact strength and life.
ANALYSIS OF REGULARITIES IN ACCURACY PARAMETERS FORMATION AT PROTOTYPING
Authors: Ларионов Максим , Larionov Maksim , Куликов Михаил , Kulikov Mikhail , Гусев Денис , Gusev Denis
Published: June 2016

The purpose of the work was the study of regularities in the cylindrical surface formation at prototyping. To achieve the task there were developed sketches of two parts of “cylinder” type. According to the sketches in the CAD medium there were formed two 3D computer parts. The next step to achieve the task was the conversion of the designed and created para-metric 3D part in STL format. The printing was carried out in two product lines: the cylinders of the first prod-uct line were printed at the maximum rate of the formation (Vform=12.7mm/h) and at the maximum layer thickness (Slayer=100 mkm), and cylinders of the second product line – at Vprint=5 mm/h; Slayer=50 mkm. The parts were printed according to the method of rapid protopyping (RP) – photopolymer light curing (Direct Light Projection –DLP) on Envision Ultra 3SP plant. Material – high-temperature photopolymer resin HTM 140. Heatresistance of this material makes 140°C.

As a result of the research there was revealed a vivid saddle-shaped form in printed cylinders. The reason of a hidden defect lies in a high rate of printing and also in a layer thickness. It should be excluded that the reason of an error can be electronic mistakes during a 3D conversion of an object from CAD medium into STL format.
CORRELATION INVESTIGATION OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS IN PROTOTYPED SAMPLES WITH CONDITIONS OF THEIR LOCATION AT MANUFACTURING
Authors: Ларионов Максим , Larionov Maksim , Куликов Михаил , Kulikov Mikhail , Гусев Денис , Gusev Denis
Published: June 2016

The purpose of this work is to reveal the influence of the location of the product grown upon roughness during shaping at prototyping. To achieve the goal specified there were chosen plates with dimensions 10x10x3mm, and the surface investigated – a plane 10x10mm. Some sets of plates were printed on a 3D printer Envision Ultra 2 of high-temperature photo –polymeric resin NTM 140 according to Direct Light Projection (DLP). The plates made of NTM 140 after extraction from a printer have temperature durability of 140°C.

For more exact and deep researches of the phenomenon mentioned there was used a method of atomic – power microscopy (APM) for the definition of the surface micro-relief in samples under investigations. As a basic tool for the analysis of surface micro-relief a scanning microprobe microscope Solver Pro, and program package WSxM allowed obtaining 3D images of a surface layer of samples.

It is evident from the results presented that at the formation of a flat by means of the quick prototyping method according to a DLP type technology the most optimum scheme of location is that at which the angle of basic plane slope makes 8°.
EFFICIENCY ADJUSTMENT OF STANDARD THERMAL TREATMENT OF 30HGSA STEEL
Authors: Ворначева Ирина , Vornacheva Irina , Муравьев Василий , Muravev Vasiliy , Фролов Алексей , Frolov Aleksey , Гадалов В. , Gadalov V. , Розина Татьяна , Rozina Tatyana
Published: June 2016

The efficiency of thermal treatment of 30HGSA steel is considered. The mode of bainitic hardening contributing to smoothing of steel defective structure a more complete martensitic transformation and, as a consequence, to the increase of plastic and strength properties is considered.
STABILITY ENSURING IN THREADED CONNECTION TIGHTENING BY MULTISPINDLE NUTRUNNERS WITH PASSIVE ADAPTATION ON MOMENT
Authors: Миронова Елена , Mironova Elena
Published: June 2016

The necessity of the creation of a multispindle nutrunner ensuring a relatively stable moment of tightening in group threaded connections is substantiated.

A kinematic scheme of a multispindle nutrunner with passive means of adaptation on a moment on the basis of a differential mechanism use is offered.

The analysis is given of a moment error at multispindle nutrunner tightening on the basis of passive adaptation.
COMPUTERIZED NONDESTRUCTIVE CHECK OF MATERIAL POROSITY
Authors: Можегова Юлия , Mozhegova Yuliya
Published: June 2016

This paper reports the mathematical dependence of material porosity on material structure and conditions of gas flow through material controlled. The design of the device for porosity nondestructive check and a principle of its operation are presented. The results of experimental researches carried out on the products of complex ceramic systems are shown. The accuracy in porosity control on the device offered is substantiated and the recommendations for its use in production are made.
TRIBOTECHNICAL TEST AUTOMATION USING DAQ-TECHNIQUES
Authors: Шалыгин Михаил , Shalygin Mikhail , Сафонов Александр , Safonov Aleksandr
Published: June 2016

In the paper there is considered the automation of machines for tribotechnical tests. A method for the automation of testing machines of friction based on the use of DAQ-techniques is offered. A kinematics and a functional scheme of a testing machine of friction are shown. The means for the automation of friction and wear tests at a reciprocal motion including precision sensors are shown. A method for the definition of combined wear in a sample and counter-body is presented. The scheme of the automation of a loading device with automatic additional loading of a sample up to the value specified by an operator is offered. A scheme for an automatic breakdown of tests at system over-heating is shown. The algorithm for the operation of an automated system of investigations at wear tests is developed. The depen-dences are shown on the basis which the system calculates test parameters such as friction force, friction path, wear rate. In the paper there is shown an example of the interface of the program which controls tests and also a method for the calibration of wear sensors is described. A program window is shown in which a value of joint wear in a sample and counter-body is registered.
FIRMWARE REALIZATION FOR OPTIMUM CUTTING SPEED DEFINITION AT HARD-TO-MACHINE MATERIAL WORKING
Authors: Козлова Мария , Kozlova Mariya , Серебренникова Анжела , Serebrennikova Anzhela , Харина Ольга , Kharina Olga
Published: June 2016

A scientific and technological advance is inseparably linked with the development of leading mechanical engineering branches: aerospace industry, rocket production, electronic and atomics, power and chemical engineering to which high requirements are made. A constant increase of requirements to the quality of complete products, their life and reliability causes a necessity to use the certain groups of materials possessing high mechanical strength, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, high temperature strength. To the materials with such properties belong alloys based on titanium and corrosion resistant steel forming hard-to-machine material group (HMG).

On the territory of the city of Komsomolsk-upon-Amur there are two works of defense industry (DIW). According to the mean estimate about 15-17% of DIW parts are used in ships, and about 10-20% - in planes.

The firmware realization for the optimum cut-ting speed definition at hard-to-machine material, by the example of 12H18N10T steel and TT20 alloy is considered. The procedure for carrying out experiments confirming this express-method is described.
The principles of Health Technology Assessment in laboratory medicine
Authors: Liguori Giorgio , Belfiore Patrizia , D’Amora Maurizio , Liguori Renato , Plebani Mario
Published: June 2016

The Health Technology Assessment (HTA) is a multi-professional and multidisciplinary evaluation approach designed to assess health technology in the broadest sense of the term, from its instruments to the rearranging of its organizational structures. It is by now an established methodology at national and international levels that involves several medical disciplines thanks to its versatility. Laboratory medicine is one of these disciplines. Such specialization was subjected, in recent years, to deep changes even from an organizational standpoint, in order to meet the health needs of the population, making them as effective and cost-effective as possible. In this regard, HTA was the tool used to assess implications in different areas.
Moral education and moral consumption
Authors: Kalajtzidis Ján
Published: June 2016

The main aim of the presented paper is to suggest a new possible approach in moral education in Slovakia. The starting point for the presented argumentation is the position that moral education (ethics education) in Slovakia is based on insufficient foundations. One of the possible propositions of how to overcome this shortcoming is to supersede prosocial behavior (insufficient base) with value education and promotion of the development of critical and analytical moral thinking. The paper suggests that one of the possible ways how to achieve this goal is by the help of introducing the issue of moral (ethical) consumption as a topic of moral education.
Environmental education in Slovakia in the context of ethics and ethics education
Authors: Blahová Adela Lešková
Published: June 2016

This paper focuses on the current state of environmental education within formal education in Slovakia, emphasising its methodology and weak points. The author aims to identify the place and role of philosophicalethical theory within environmental education, which is an integral part of ethics education. What concrete knowledge, skills and instruments of both ethics and philosophy can (should) a teacher of ethics education put into effect when teaching environmental-educational topics? Before answering this question the place of environmental education within the broader context of moral education will be explored.
Moral education in the Czech territory in the past and the present
Authors: Lesňák Slavomír , Štěrba Radim
Published: June 2016

The following study presents an analysis of the world of moral education in the Czech environment from its recorded beginnings to the current situation in the Czech Republic. The study contains two parts: In the first section, the authors give an account of the history of moral education and different views on it, while in the second section they analyse the current state of moral education. The authors examine the quality of moral education at primary and secondary schools according to the goals of curriculum documents issued by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport of the Czech Republic for schools’ ethical education programmes and subjects dealing with character development. Based on their own research, they compare set goals with practice, draw conclusions and give recommendations not only to primary and secondary schools, but also to higher education institutions, particularly in terms of introducing professional ethics tools and intensifying their use. The authors suggest expanding the ethical climate at schools to contain the atmosphere of recognition, biophile culture and technological scepticism.
Moral (or ethical) education in Slovakia and its theoretical basis
Authors: Gluchman Vasil
Published: June 2016

With regard to existing concept of the moral education (ethics) in Slovakia, the questions of ethics and morals are only one of the partial sections. The dominant role is played by psychology based on Roberto Olivar’s concept with emphasis on pro-socialization and on Erickson’s concept of the psychosocial development. From the philosophy basis point of view, only Aristotle, even in reduced form and Spranger’s concept of the life forms are mentioned. Philosophy and ethics are only complements to more psychologically based educational program which is resulting from the problematic division of a social and moral experience into egoistic and prosocial. Egoism is presented in a distorted form and is characterized as the cause of all moral evil. However, there are several different types of understanding of the term egoism in philosophy and ethics as for example psychological and ethical egoism, or self-interest. Ethical egoism or self-interest cannot be identified with selfishness. The main aim of moral education should not be only to form the desired children and youth moral orientation but on the other hand, to form morally self-confident individuals who are able to solve the moral problems, to help the others to solve them as well and to be able to bear moral responsibility for their own deeds.
Annexins in plasma membrane repair
Authors: Boye Theresa Louise , Nylandsted Jesper
Published: June 2016

Disruption of the plasma membrane poses deadly threat to eukaryotic cells and survival requires a rapid membrane repair system. Recent evidence reveal various plasma membrane repair mechanisms, which are required for cells to cope with membrane lesions including membrane fusion and replacement strategies, remodeling of cortical actin cytoskeleton and vesicle wound patching. Members of the annexin protein family, which are Ca2+-triggered phospholipid-binding proteins emerge as important components of the plasma membrane repair system. Here, we discuss the mechanisms of plasma membrane repair involving annexins spanning from yeast to human cancer cells.
Capillary electrophoresis-integrated immobilized enzyme reactors
Authors: Liu Xiaoxia , Yang Jiqing , Yang Li
Published: June 2016

Online enzyme assay based on capillary electrophoresis (CE) offers several advantages for the assay, such as low consumption of samples, easy automation of all steps, and less requirement of sample work-up. As a widely used approach for online enzyme assay, CE-integrated immobilized enzyme microreactor (IMER) has been applied in almost all aspects of enzyme assays during the past two decades, including evaluation of the enzymatic activity and kinetics, screening of inhibitor, investigation of enzyme-mediated metabolic pathways, and proteome analysis. In a CE-integrated IMER, enzyme is bound to the capillary surface or a suitable carrier attached to the capillary and substrates/products of the enzymatic reaction are separated and online detected by CE at downstream of the capillary. Enzymatic reactions can be viewed as interaction between the stationary phase (immobilized enzyme) and the mobile phase (substrate(s)/co-enzyme(s) solution), in analogy to the well-known separation technique, capillary electrochromatography. From this point of view, CE-integrated IMERs can be categorized into open tubular capillary IMER, monolithic IMER, and packed capillary IMER. In this review, we have surveyed, analyzed, and discussed advances on fabrication techniques of the three categories of CE-integrated IMERs for online assays involving various enzymes in the past two decades (1992–2015). Some recent studies using microfluidic-based IMERs for enzyme assays have also been reviewed.