bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acortando brechas en torno a las políticas públicas
Authors: Fuica Rebolledo Inti Fernando , Carrasco Henríquez Noelia
Published: April 2021

La Antropología del Estado se enfrenta en la actualidad al importante desafío de contribuir de manera renovada al conocimiento de las sociedades complejas contemporáneas. Un foco específico de este campo, lo constituye hoy el estudio de las políticas públicas, desde donde se intenta dar cuenta de las formas y contenidos propias de la gubernamentalidad del Estado. El objetivo central de este artículo es aportar a la discusión de algunas brechas identificadas en los actuales desarrollos de este acercamiento, tomando como referente empírico el análisis del Programa Familias en Chile. A modo de resultados, se proponen reflexiones teórico-metodológicas y de carácter aplicado, inspiradas en la teoría del actor – red. El artículo concluye propiciando la potenciación de este enfoque, especialmente necesario en el actual contexto de transformaciones que afectan a la figura tradicional del Estado en Latinoamérica.
Hacerse etnógrafa en la cárcel
Authors: Narciso Lorena
Published: April 2021

En este artículo pongo en consideración dilemas y decisiones metodológicas que fui asumiendo a lo largo de procesos de investigación y militancia en cárceles de la provincia de Santa Fe (Argentina) durante 10 años. Propongo analizar el ámbito carcelario en tanto espacio de construcción de un problema de investigación y de desarrollo de la práctica etnográfica, transversalizado en dos aspectos: por un lado, las decisiones respecto de la construcción de vínculos allí donde se evidencian marcadas disputas de poder entre sectores; por otro lado, los dilemas morales susceptibles de emerger en la investigación –y en particular en las mujeres investigadoras- en un ámbito eminentemente violento y desigual. Esta reflexividad contribuye a ponderar la importancia de tomar decisiones teóricas orientadas a generar lecturas amplias pero situadas del problema de estudio y a construir múltiples vínculos con personas que ocupan distintas posturas y posiciones en el campo etnográfico.
Violencias, seguridad y dilemas metodológicos
Authors: Plaza Schaefer Valeria , Cabrera Nicolas
Published: April 2021

El presente artículo busca reflexionar desde una perspectiva sociológica un proceso de investigación e intervención destinado a diagnosticar, cuantificar, interpretar, capacitar y sensibilizar sobre la violencia en el fútbol en la comunidad del Club Atlético Belgrano de Córdoba. Se trata de una experiencia que derivó en el “Programa integral contra la violencia: para que Alberdi siempre sea una fiesta” nacido del convenio firmado entre la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales de la UNC, el Colegio de Psicólogos de Córdoba y el propio club. A la propuesta de nuestro texto le subyacen dos objetivos: por un lado, problematizar los dilemas y desafíos metodológicos surgidos en la producción de datos vinculados a la seguridad deportiva en contextos futbolísticos; y, por otro lado, discutir el modelo hegemónico de seguridad que prima en los estadios argentinos al mismo tiempo que narramos un proyecto alternativo y especifico de gestión de la seguridad tanto entre la comunidad del club como en articulación con actores externos centrales como la policía.
Disputas en la producción del Ordenamiento Territorial de Bosques Nativos (“Ley de Bosques”) en el Delta Bonaerense del río Paraná
Authors: Straccia Patricio Hernan
Published: April 2021

El objetivo del artículo es analizar la articulación del colectivo de identificación “isleños” en el proceso de producción del Ordenamiento Territorial de los Bosques Nativos (OTBN) del Delta Bonaerense del río Paraná en el período 2009-2014, realizado en el marco de la “Ley de Bosques”. Para ello se produjeron datos primarios a través de técnicas etnográficas, complementados con análisis documental de fuentes secundarias. Se propone una periodización en tres etapas: las disputas en la producción de la primera propuesta de OTBN (2009-2011), la realización de un Taller en la zona (Octubre de 2011) y la producción de la segunda (y definitiva) propuesta de OTBN para la Región Delta (2012-2014). Finalmente, mostramos los usos políticos de la identidad “isleña” en este proceso y reflexionamos sobre la importancia de los estudios etnográficos en la producción de políticas ambientales, incluso en casos en que el potencial conflicto es resuelto a través de carriles no confrontativos.
Akreditacija i sustav akreditiranja u području tekstila, kože i obuće u Republici Hrvatskoj
Authors: Tomljenović Antoneta , Živičnjak Juro
Published: April 2021

Akreditacija i sustav akreditiranja u području tekstila, kože i obuće se u Republici Hrvatskoj ponajprije vezuju uz djelatnosti Hrvatske akreditacijske agencije i Agencije za znanost i visoko obrazovanje. U ovome su radu podrobnije obrađeni akreditacijski kriteriji i postupak provedbe akreditacije tijela za ocjenu sukladnosti od strane Hrvatske akreditacijske agencije s posebnim osvrtom na njezino nacionalno značenje, ali i ulogu u međunarodnoj razmjeni roba i usluga. Također je dan pregled aktivnih akreditiranih tijela za ocjenu sukladnosti navedenih u Registru akreditacije Hrvatske akreditacijske agencije. Opisane su djelatnosti Agencije za znanost i visoko obrazovanje u području sustava akreditiranja visokoškolskih i znanstvenih ustanova u Republici Hrvatskoj i njezine aktivnosti na međunarodnoj razini. Prikazan je postupak vrjednovanja novih studijskih programa na Sveučilištu u Zagrebu i dan pregled akreditiranih studijskih programa u Republici Hrvatskoj navedenih u Upisniku studijskih programa Ministarstva znanosti i obrazovanja koji su vezani uz područja izučavanja tekstila, kože i obuće.
Modeling of the management system of the mineral resource complex of the region using the feedback principle
Authors: Kuznetsova E. V. , Dadykin V. S.
Published: April 2021

The model of the management system of the mineral resource complex of the region using the feedback principle is developed, the structural composition of the model elements is analyzed from the point of view of the specifics of the management object – the mineral resource complex of the region. According to the control theory, it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of the control action by means of a control device as part of the control system model. Regional monitoring of the state of the mineral resource complex of the region and indicators (indicators) of programs for geological exploration of the subsurface and reproduction of mineral resources are used as monitoring devices in the model. The defining influence on the decision-making subsystem comes from the strategy for the development of the geological industry until 2030 and sub-program 1 “Reproduction of the mineral resource base, geological study of the subsurface” of the state program “Reproduction and use of natural resources”. As measuring devices in the control system model, such elements as the calculation of the necessary increase in geological knowledge, the analysis of changes in the balance of security for the forecast period are used. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the system in terms of management theory is implemented by establishing a correspondence between the indicators (indicators) in the state programs and the actual state of the management object at the time of forecasting.
Methods of calculating the soil response spectrum for designing in seismically active area
Authors: Mironov V.A. , Simonov K.V.
Published: April 2021

The article is a continuation of the research of the effect of combining seismological and engineering-seismological methods based on real geological and geophysical data. A probabilistic seismic hazard analysis and numerical modeling of the soil response were performed for the site. Using the Monte Carlo method, 100 realizations of each of the 106 seismic models of the site were prepared to take into account the uncertainty and spread in shear wave velocities of the geological layers. Comparing and analyzing the results obtained, it was found that the generalized response spectrum of the soil relative to the surface, taking into account the parameters of a 30-meter thickness, provides for most of the considered spectral periods higher estimates of spectral accelerations than numerical modeling and can be used to preliminary estimate the amplitudes of the response spectrum of the soil profile before performing seismic microzoning.
Priority tasks of the introduction of artificial intelligence technologies in the interests of automating the activities of military command and control bodies
Authors: Protasov A.A. , Shirmanov A.V. , Radomanov S.I.
Published: April 2021

The article considers the circumstances that hinder the introduction of artificial intelligence technologies in the interests of solving the tasks of the Russian Ministry of Defense, and on the basis of this analysis, the priority tasks of the introduction of artificial intelligence technologies in the interests of automating the activities of military command and control bodies.
Los sentidos de la escolaridad. O la relación juventud rural - escuela frente a los procesos de exclusión
Authors: Olivera Rodríguez Inés
Published: April 2021

El trabajo que presento es fruto de la investigación que desarrollé entre 2006 y 2008 durante mis estudios de maestría. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa, basada en un trabajo de campo etnográfico realizado durante tres meses en el caserío Chaquira, localizado en el valle del Bajo Piura. Se pretende comprender cómo se construyen las relaciones entre la juventud rural y la escuela partiendo de la siguiente pregunta de investigación: ¿Cuáles son los sentidos de la escolaridad que permiten la construcción de una relación entre juventud rural y escuela? Propongo esta pregunta como una otra aproximación a los problemas de interrupción, repetición y abandono de la escolaridad, considerando las propias decisiones de los y las estudiantes y no solo los aspectos estructurales. Centralizando a los y las jóvenes como sujetos de su escolarización, el objetivo de este trabajo es identificar los aspectos de la relación juventud - escuela que posibilitan o limitan la ampliación de las trayectorias escolares de la juventud del campo. La relevancia y justificación de trabajar esta problemática se evidencia al presentar las perspectivas teóricas que la respaldan, por este motivo traigo a continuación tres consideraciones básicas: Primero, la definición de los y las jóvenes como sujetos sociales e históricos. Segundo, este trabajo propone una compresión de la escuela en el campo como una institución inscrita en el espacio rural. Y tercero, la concepción de que una relación con la escuela, que lleve a la juventud a subjetivarse en ella, es necesariamente una relación de sentido.
Variables Socioculturales y Cognitivas en el Desarrollo de la Comprensión de Lectura en Lima, Perú
Authors: Morales Silvia
Published: April 2021

Esta investigación está compuesta por tres estudios, en los cuales participaron estudiantes y profesores de dos niveles socioeconómicos de Lima. La comprensión de lectura se midió mediante una adaptación de la prueba PIRLS Reading Literacy test. El Modelo de Ecuación Estructural y el ANOVA se utilizaron para analizar los datos. El Estudio 1 examinó en qué medida la variación en comprensión de lectura en niños de cuarto grado puede ser predicha por su nivel en motivación hacia la lectura, estrategia, vocabulario y decodificación; y por variables antecedentes: madurez intelectual, género, clima alfabético del hogar y nivel socioeconómico. El Estudio 2 investigó en qué medida el desempeño de los estudiantes en comprensión de lectura, decodificación, vocabulario y motivación hacia la lectura al final del quinto grado se puede predecir por las mismas variables al inicio del año y por las variables antecedentes. El Estudio 3 examinó si el desarrollo de la comprensión de lectura y de la motivación hacia la lectura de 202 niños de quinto grado puede mejorar mediante un programa que fomenta el compromiso por la lectura. Los resultados de los tres estudios mostraron que las variables que contribuyen con mayor fuerza al desarrollo de la comprensión de lectura son vocabulario, decodificación, motivación hacia la lectura y nivel socioeconómico, el cual está ligado al clima alfabético del hogar. Y, en un segundo nivel, contribuyen el género y la madurez intelectual, que sería más relevante en niños mayores. Estos resultados resaltan la necesidad de una perspectiva motivacional y sociocultural al diseñar programas de intervención en lectura.
Dilemas ideológicos en torno a la educación intercultural bilingüe: el caso de la lectura en quechua
Authors: Zavala Virginia , Almeida Claudia
Published: April 2021

En este artículo, realizo dos estudios de caso de dos maestros que implementan una Educación Intercultural Bilingüe (EIB) en sus respectivas escuelas y analizo cómo cada uno construye diferentes concepciones de lectura en quechua con respecto de la lectura en castellano. Sobre la base de una perspectiva sociocultural de la literacidad, que asume la lectura y la escritura como prácticas sociales, sostengo que las formas en las que los profesores interactúan con sus estudiantes en torno a los textos proveen a estos últimos de diversas oportunidades para aprender cómo ser “lectores” y cómo desarrollar diferentes tipos de habilidades letradas. Además, planteo que estas prácticas de lectura se inscriben en dos extremos de un dilema ideológico (Billig et al., 1988): por un lado, una tendencia neoliberal que desarrolla un discurso tecnocrático y prioriza la medición estandarizada y, por otro, una apuesta por un tipo de EIB a favor de la lectura en quechua desde una “matriz cultural quechua”, que no interactúa con las prácticas lectoras que se desarrollan en castellano.
«Tecnología, pero ¿dónde?»: Decisiones y concepciones de los docentes en relación con el uso de las tecnologías digitales en el aula
Authors: Carvajal Enna
Published: April 2021

La integración de las tecnologías digitales en la enseñanza enfrenta a los profesores con dificultades para concretar el potencial transformador de las prácticas educativas que se les atribuye. Este trabajo describe y presenta los resultados de un caso de estudio en relación con los procesos de apropiación de recursos digitales para la enseñanza de Geografía en una secundaria de la Ciudad de México. El estudio se propuso analizar las decisiones que el docente toma respecto al uso de la tecnología en su práctica de enseñanza, y explorar sus concepciones sobre cómo llevar a cabo las situaciones de enseñanza con tecnología en el aula y cómo abordar los obstáculos institucionales y técnicos. La investigación es de corte cualitativo; para la recopilación de datos y su análisis, se adoptó una perspectiva micro-etnográfica utilizada para estudiar pequeñas unidades sociales y las interacciones específicas.
El tránsito de la escuela pública a la escuela privada en el sector emergente de Lima Metropolitana: ¿Buscando mejor calidad?
Authors: Sanz Pilar
Published: April 2021

El tránsito masivo de la escuela pública a la privada en el sector emergente suele ser considerado como una respuesta a la baja calidad de la educación pública. Este estudio sostiene que la opción por lo privado también estaría respondiendo a la formación de una disposición o habitus, que hace que esta opción sea asumida de manera inercial y automática por las familias como concreción de una lógica aspiracional dentro de su trayectoria de movilidad ascendente. A través de la exploración de los procesos de elección de escuela de una muestra de familias, el estudio da cuenta de cómo estos están mediados por la búsqueda de un balance entre diferentes criterios que incluyen costos, condiciones materiales de las escuelas, su localización y cercanía, la búsqueda de espacios seguros para sus hijos o el ratio alumno-profesor, entre otros. Asimismo, las decisiones están fuertemente influidas por estrategias de identificación y diferenciación social en el espacio escolar, en el cual el compromiso con la educación de sus hijos y la composición social de las familias que conforman una escuela resultan factores relevantes tanto para aquellas familias que se identifican entre sí «como uno», como de diferenciación y exclusión de aquellas que representadas como «los otros». De esta manera, se marca una distancia con las familias que envían a sus hijos a la escuela pública o a escuelas de menores recursos. Este estudio busca introducir en el debate un mejor entendimiento del proceso de elección de escuelas, que va más allá de la búsqueda de calidad e incluye procesos sociales más complejos.
MODEL EPIDEMIK SEIR PADA KASUS PENYAKIT JANTUNG KORONER PADA PENDERITA KOLESTROL
Authors: Akadji A.F. , Mamonto K.A. , Hubu A.F.D. , Ismail M.S.
Published: April 2021

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is caused by various reasons. One of the main causes of coronary heart disease is cholesterol. Cholesterol comes from two sources, namely, that which is produced by the liver and through the food consumed. This article discusses the mathematical model of coronary heart disease which refers to the SEI (Susceptible-exposed-infected) model, with modifications in the form of the addition of the recovered (R) variable and parameters in the form of a healthy lifestyle and surgery. Hereinafter this model is called the SEIR (Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered) model. This study aims to determine the problem of coronary heart disease in cholesterol sufferers and to analyze the effect of operating parameters and a healthy lifestyle on the patient's healing (R) is higher than the opportunity value of the other groups. And the opportunity value of an infected individual is much lower than that of other groups. This shows that the chances of recovery for people with coronary heart disease with a high operating route.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN MELALUI PENDEKATAN PROBLEM-CENTERED LEARNING PADA POKOK BAHASAN TEOREMA PYTHAGORAS
Authors: Puloo Melisa Mutiara Lestari , Abdullah Abdul Wahab , Machmud Tedy
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to describe the effectiveness of learned through the Problem-Centered Learning (PCL) approach on the Pythagorean Theorem subject. This study was quantitative descriptive. In this study, the effectiveness of learning through Problem-Centered Learning (PCL) approach on the subject of the Pythagorean Theorem based on teacher’s ability is managed learned through Problem-Centered Learning approach, student’s activities during learning through Problem-Centered Learning approach, student’s response after the following learning through Problem-Centered Learning approach, and student’s learned achievement. The data collection methods in this study were conducted through observation with observed sheets, tests, and questionnaires. The result of the research showed that learned through the Problem-Centered Learning approach on the Pythagorean Theorem subject was effective. This can be shown from Every aspect of the teacher’s ability to learn through the Problem-Centered Learning approach that satisfied the criteria of effectiveness with the good and very good category. Student’s activities through Problem-Centered Learning approach in learning were in the tolerance limit criteria so that categorization was effective. Student’s responses after implementation learned through the Problem-Centered Learning approach satisfied the criteria for effectiveness, with 87% of student's responses belonging in positive. Student learning achievement showed that satisfied minimum standard scored, 19 of 23 students or 82.61% got 2.75 scored or more.
ANALISIS KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR SISWA MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN DARING PADA MATA PELAJARAN MATEMATIKA
Authors: Suleang Faisal , Katili Nancy , Zakiyah Siti
Published: April 2021

This study aims to analyze the independent learning of students in mathematics through e-learning in class IX SMP Negeri 10 Gorontalo. This research is a descriptive research type, with a population of all class IX students of SMP Negeri 10 Gorontalo, totaling 101 students, consisting of 4 classes. The sample in the study was 20 people using a simple random sampling technique. The data obtained were obtained from student learning independence questionnaire sheets, as well as interviews with students related to students' learning independence in mathematics through e-learning. Based on the results of the research and discussion that the researcher has described in the previous chapter, that the learning independence of students in mathematics through e-learning is seen based on five indicators of learning independence divided into three categories namely high, medium and low categories. There are 4 high category students with an answer percentage of 20%. Second, there are 13 students belonging to the medium category with an answer percentage of 65%. Third, there are 3 students in the low category with an answer percentage of 15%. Of the three categories, in general, students only fulfill part of the indicators of learning independence measured in this study. So based on this, it can be concluded that the independent learning of students in mathematics through e-learning in class IX SMP Negeri 10 Gorontalo is still classified as moderate, so it needs to be improved.
Contribución al conocimiento de la distribución geográfica de Euchroma gigantea (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) en Venezuela
Authors: Blanco Joffre , Arcaya Sánchez Evelin
Published: April 2021

Euchroma gigantea (Linnaeus, 1758) o “Barrenador gigante metálico de la Ceiba”, es una especie de Buprestidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) distribuida en gran parte de América. El presente trabajo se realiza con la finalidad de ampliar el conocimiento de la distribución geográfica de E. gigantea en Venezuela. Con la información recopilada aumenta el número de estados registrados para el país, además se incrementan los datos de distribución geográfica local y a nivel del continente americano.
On the occurrence of three new Lycaenid butterflies (Lepidoptera) from Jammu and Kashmir, India
Authors: Sharma Neeraj , Sharma Shakha
Published: April 2021

The present communication deals with three butterfly species belonging to family Lycaenidae and subfamily Theclinae, recorded for the first time from different localities in a mountainous watershed in the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir during 2020. These include Esakiozephyrus icana, Spindasis ictis and Tajuria jehana. The information on their current extent and known occurrence will be helpful in updating the range distribution of butterflies in north-western Himalayas.
The impact of online marketing on the use of textile packaging: an approach
to consumer behaviour
Authors: CAESCU STEFAN-CLAUDIU , BOTEZATU FLORINA , CHIVU RALUCA-GIORGIANA , POPA IONUT-CLAUDIU , FLORESCU MARGARETA STELA
Published: April 2021

Online marketing is the act of utilizing online channels and tools to spread a message or idea about an organization’s
image, items, or administrations to its potential clients. The strategies and methods used for Internet showcasing
incorporate email, online networking, show promoting, website streamlining, Google AdWords, and that’s just the
beginning.
Online marketing has become more and more used in recent years, whether it is about promoting products or services,
or it is about ideas, concepts, and beliefs. Considering this aspect, this article aims to identify the influence of online
communications on the adoption or acceptance by consumers of products packaged in textiles. In recent years there
has been a significant discussion in the literature on the role and purpose of packaging (promotion, product protection,
advertising), but they have not highlighted consumer preferences for packaging and the impact of online marketing on
them.
PANDEMIC EMERGENCE: PUBLIC HEALTH OR SECURITY ISSUES?
Authors: Abdullah Nor Anita
Published: April 2021

The novel coronavirus pandemic (SARS-CoV-2) has spread from human transmission and emerged as a public and global health issue that becomes serious due to high morbidity and mortality rates. This article aims to see that the aspect of a pandemic is not only involving public health issues as known but also a threat to a security issues in a country. The study of writing applies doctrinal methods. As a result of discussions and analysis, this article found that the emergence of pandemics occur on a large scale has trigger threats, panic, and fear that can cause public health and security issues to be addressed.
TERMINATION OF EMPLOYEES’ EMPLOYMENT DURING COVID-19: A GUIDE FOR EMPLOYERS IN ACCORDANCE WITH EMPLOYMENT LAW
Authors: Hassan Mumtaj , Md Salleh Anis Shuhaiza , Md Isa @ Yusuff Yusramizza
Published: April 2021

The global pandemic of COVID-19 has endangered the human and economic well-being in the world. It also has a huge impact on almost all industries at home and abroad. The International Labor Organization (ILO) expects the pandemic to increase layoffs and unemployment worldwide. In this case, employers are certainly in a dilemma, each looking for and juggling between workers' income and business profit. Thus, this article explores the aspect of termination of employees’ employment through library-based research that focuses on the use of statutes, courts’ cases, legal documents, and scholarly writings published in journals. Descriptive and critical methods are used to analyse the primary and secondary sources referred to. This article stresses that there are procedures and laws which employers need to obey in order to address the excessive number of employees in the face of pandemics. Dismissal of employees should not be done arbitrarily without justifications and procedures that have been outlined by law. The discussion ended with suggestions to employers so that any layoffs can be blocked and minimized.
CONTROL OVER THE TRANSMISSION OF COVID-19 THROUGH SEA ROUTE UNDER UNCLOS 1982
Authors: Azrae Ahmad Nasyran , Abdul Rahim Asmar
Published: April 2021

The flooding of illegal immigrants likely to be infected with Covid-19 through the sea route was seen as among the main factors that cause rising numbers of Covid-19 infected cases in the country, especially in Sabah. The intrusion of illegal immigrants through the sea route is not a remote issue that occurs only in Malaysia, rather it is a universal issue where most countries are seeking to overcome. The surrounding sea area and coastline and the weaknesses in law enforcement are considered to be among the factors that further aggravate the entry of illegal immigrants through the sea route. By adopting a descriptive approach and library-based study, this working paper elaborates the spreading of Covid-19 by illegal immigrants, especially those entering the country through the sea route. The discussion is conducted by examining the legal position of international law under the United Nations Convention on Law of the Sea 1982 (UNCLOS) that confers rights on the coastal states to control their borders against the intrusion of illegal immigrants carrying a threat to the national health. The finding from this working paper shows that UNCLOS grants rights to the coastal state to prevent the spreading of diseases in its territorial sea and contiguous zone. However, there exist lacunae in the local laws in applying the provisions enshrined under UNCLOS.
Implementation of State Administrative Court Decisions: Conception, and Barriers
Authors: Rizki A Imron , Suhartono Rizki Mustika , Salam Safrin
Published: April 2021

This research aims to analyze how the effectiveness of the implementation of the ruling of the Administrative Court of the State and what are the factors that influence the effectiveness of the Court ruling The country. The research was carried out on the courts of The State of Makassar, data collection techniques are carried out by means of interviews and read scientific books, magazines, newspapers and other readings related to research. Results of the study showed that the effectiveness of the implementation of the ruling of the Court of The Country has not been effective, because so far there are still many Administrative Bodies and Officials of countries that are unwilling to comply with the ruling of the Court of The country, then plus the lack of participation of the parties to the dispute has led to a court could not ascertain whether a State Administrative Court ruling that has a magnitude of law has been implemented or not. As for the factors that influence the Court ruling The Country, among which is the absence of a special eksekutorial institution or institution of sanctions in carrying out the Court ruling The country, The official low awareness Countries in obeying the Court ruling The Country, the absence of more detailed provisions governing sanctions if the verdict is not implemented. Advice from the research is that, should the Government contains provisions governing the institutions eksekutorial institutions or special sanctions ruling of The judiciary of the State, so the State Administrative Court's verdict can be run and judicial administration can emerge again in the eyes of the community.
Protection of Children in Child Learning During the Covid-19 Pandemic Indonesia
Authors: Nugrahenti Meydora Cahya , Maulida Hindina
Published: April 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic has changed the implementation of face-to-face learning in schools (offline) to online. These changes make children unable to learn optimally due to various obstacles. This condition also affects the development and psychology of children. Data shows that the number of violence against children since the Covid-19 pandemic has tended to increase. On the other hand, children have the right to get protection and to grow properly in the context of education. The purpose of this study was to determine legal protection for children by analyzing legal provisions in Indonesia in protecting children's rights in online learning systems. The research method used is juridical normative with data sources obtained from primary, secondary, and tertiary sources. The data that has been collected is then presented in a structured and logical manner and analyzed descriptively. The results of the study found that legal protection instruments for children's rights in online learning systems already exist but their implementation has not been optimal. Socialization to prioritize children's growth and development rights in providing children's education rights during the Covid-19 pandemic must be more actively voiced to all Education Offices, heads of education units, educators, students, and parents of students.
Accelerated ferroelectric phase transformation in HfO2/ZrO2 nanolaminates
Authors: Migita Shinji , Ota Hiroyuki , Asanuma Shutaro , Morita Yukinori , Toriumi Akira
Published: April 2021

Ferroelectric phase transformation was compared between the Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 solid solution films and the HfO2/ZrO2 nanolaminate films, prepared by sputter deposition without heat treatment and crystallized by following cap annealing. Physical analyses showed that nanolaminate structures and their interfaces were robust even after high-temperature annealing. Ferroelectricity appeared largely in the nanolaminate films than in the solid solution film, and the best performance was attained in the nanolaminate film with the cycle thickness of monolayer oxide (0.25 nm). Long period annealing cleared that the ferroelectric phase transformation is greatly accelerated in the nanolaminate films than in the solid solution films.
Anesthesiologists’ occupational wellbeing and support during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Khan Fauzia A.
Published: April 2021

Anesthesiologists have been at the forefront of COVID-19 pandemic and are particularly at risk of suffering both physical and emotional effects. There have been several individual and organizational strategies that can be put in place to tackle their well-being. Self-strategies that are recommended are adequate rest and sleep, consistent work breaks, help seeking behavior, emotional control and acceptance of limitations of their own competence and healthcare systems. Several online training programs are available for individual guidance. Organizations can also support their staff in different ways. It is important to recognize those who are more vulnerable physically and emotionally. Institution should implement stress reduction strategies, provide adequate PPE, should be able to communicate with their employees in a clear and honest manner and enforce infection control policies. In addition, institutions must take other physical measures where resources permit, like provision of negative pressure rooms and to provide updated and accurate information. Both personal and psychological support is needed. Several different models have been suggested for emotional support. One particularly vulnerable group that requires additional assistance are those in quarantine. Last but not least, in addition to the implementation of all these measures it is imperative to sustain these activities.

Key words: Anesthesiology; Anesthesiologists; COVID-19; Stress, Psychological

Citation: Khan FA. Anesthesiologists’ occupational wellbeing and support during COVID-19 pandemic. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2021;25(2):122-125. DOI: 10.35975/apic.v25i2.1459

Received: 21 February 2021, Accepted: 25 February 2021
Premedication with gabapentin for laryngoscopy: a double-blind randomized control trial in hypertensive patients
Authors: Riasat Muhammad Imran , Chohan Haris Tariq , Kumar Arun , Sultan Syed Farjad , Javaid Hanya , Siddiqui Safia Zafar
Published: April 2021

Background & Objective: Laryngoscopy and intubation (L&I) are strong stimulus for cardiovascular system. Hypertensive patients have a greater incidence of coexisting coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular insufficiency. Several methods have been in practice to prevent or alter the hemodynamic response to L&I. Although the main use of gabapentin has been as an antiepileptic, but its effect on the hemodynamic reflexes is still under evaluation. We compared the effectiveness of a single dose of gabapentin 800 mg on the mean arterial pressure (MAP) in response to L&I in hypertensive patients undergoing day care surgery.

Methodology: This randomized, control trial was conducted in operating rooms, Dr Ruth K M Pfau Civil Hospital Karachi, from May 2017 to November 2017. A total of 150 patients undergoing elective surgery requiring general anesthesia with tracheal intubation were included in this study. Patients were randomly allocated equally into two group; Group G (gabapentin group) and Group P (placebo group). Patients in Group G received gabapentin 800 mg and Group P received placebo, 2 h prior to induction of anesthesia. MAP was measured at baseline (before induction), before intubation (after induction), at time 0 (immediately after intubation), and at 1 min, 3 min, 5 min, and 10 min after intubation. Effectiveness was defined as all the MAP reading to be within 30% of the baseline reading.

Results: There were 72(48%) males and 78(52%) females. Effectiveness was significantly higher in patients of Group G, as compared to placebo group (Group P) [94.7% vs. 65.3%; p = 0.0005].

Conclusion: Gabapentin effectively suppresses the increase in MAP in response to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation as compared to the placebo.

Abbreviations: L&I: Laryngoscopy and intubation; MAP: Mean arterial pressure; ECG: Electrocardiography; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; BMI: Body mass index; SBP: Systolic blood pressure; DBP: Diastolic blood pressure

 Key words: Laryngoscopy; Intubation; Hypertension; Gabapentin; Stress response

Citation: Riasat MI, Chohan HT, Kumar A, Sultan SF, Javaid H, Siddiqui SZ. Premedication with gabapentin for laryngoscopy: a double-blind randomized control trial in hypertensive patients. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2021;25(2):163-169. DOI: 10.35975/apic.v25i2.1464
Assessment of perceived stress among resident trainees of a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia during COVID–19 pandemic – a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ul Huda Anwar , Yasir Mohammad , Saulat Swaid Raza , AlShaqha Mohammad Waleed
Published: April 2021

Background & Objective: The massive burden of COVID-19 disease is believed to be associated with significant psychological disturbances on healthcare professionals. Increasing levels of stress may lead to anxiety, depression, burnout syndrome, and in severe cases, post-traumatic stress disorder. The objective of this study was to examine the presence of stress among resident trainee doctors working in a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia in the context of the corona pandemic.

Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. We included the resident trainee doctors from different specialties of our hospital including medical, surgical, anesthesia, emergency room (ER), and critical care units. We used convenience sampling to select study respondents. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) was used for assessing the stress levels among trainees. Trainees were requested to fill the questionnaire either online survey monkey or in paper form. All data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 26. We calculated mean, standard deviation, frequency count, and percentages for the perceived stress.

Results: A total of 60 trainees were included in this study. Mean PSS-10 score was 20 ± 5.51, with a range between 6 and 34. Four (6.7 %) trainees had low stress and 50 (83.3 %) trainees had moderate stress while 6 (10 %) trainees had high stress

Conclusion: The majority of resident trainees in our study experienced a moderate level of anxiety during this COVID pandemic.

Key words: Stress, Resident trainees, COVID-19, pandemic

Citation:  ul Huda A, Yasir M, Saulat SA, AlShaqha MW. Assessment of perceived stress among resident trainees of a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia during COVID–19 pandemic – a cross-sectional study. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2021;25(2):185-188. DOI: 10.35975/apic.v25i2.1471
High flow nasal cannula to prevent intubation in obese patient with COVID-19 induced ARDS: a case report
Authors: Mariati Ni Made Ayu Suria , Sugiarto Adhrie , Endriani Elya , Lestari Rina , Anindita Karina
Published: April 2021

Obese patients have been identified to have a poor prognosis and a higher risk of death from coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). We present reports of two obese patients infected with COVID-19 with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) who showed improvement with high flow nasal cannula (HFNC). HFNC is a noninvasive oxygen delivery device which is capable of delivering a high concentration of oxygen that can reduce the requirement for tracheal intubation. HFNC is convenient to use, can reduce dyspnea without effecting the length of stay in ICU in these cases; and has a high merit to be used in selected patients requiring oxygen before attempting intubation and mechanical ventilation.

Key words: ARDS; COVID-19; High flow nasal cannula; HFNC; Obese

Citation: Mariati NMAS, Sugiarto A, Endriani E, Lestari R, Anindita K. High flow nasal cannula to prevent intubation in obese patient with COVID-19 induced ARDS: a case report. Anaesth pain intensive care 2021;25(2):212-216. DOI: 10.35975/apic.v25i2.1473

Received: 18 November 2020, Reviewed: 24 November 2020, Accepted: 7 December 2020
Pathogenesis and management of pain in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Hidayati Hanik Badriyah , Pranata Celine Anindytha
Published: April 2021

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) or Lou Gehrig's disease is characterized by deadly progressive motor neuron disease and other neuronal cells death, which is featured by progressive paralysis and leads to advanced disability and mortality due to respiratory failure.1,2 By the year of 2040, ALS is estimated to nearly double due to global population aging.3

Pain is one of the overlooked symptom, but widely complained by patients with ALS. It can arise at any stage of the disease; and the intensity of pain may increase with the course of the disease. The pain characteristic depends upon its pathogenesis in inducing pain such as nociceptive, neuropathic, or painful cramps. Pain intensity can be severe at an advanced stage of ALS thereby increasing the use of pain relievers and sedatives. It has been related to a declined functional status leading to a decreased quality of life and escalating the rate of depression. Management in ALS patients with complaints of pain differs according to the multifactorial character of pain.4,5

The different aspects of pain in ALS has not been much discussed. Therefore, this article will provide an overview about it.

Key word: Pain; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; ALS; Pathogenesis; Pain management

Citation: Hidayati HB, Pranata CA. Pathogenesis and management of pain in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2021;25(2):236-243. DOI: 10.35975/apic.v25i2.1478

Received: 26 November 2020, Reviewed: 27 December 2021, Accepted: 21 February 2021
Cancer, cancer pain and the ‘Cancer Pain Initiative’
Authors: Khan Tariq Hayat
Published: April 2021

The number of cancer patients has been steadily increasing and with it the number of cancer related pain patients is also increasing. Cancer pain (CP) is the most unique and versatile pain, regarding type, intensity, site, variations and the needed management modalities. No one pain specialist or the pain center can be capable of adequately manage every cancer patient. In this background, an idea to confront this menace at a national level with a combined effort is presented. If implemented it is hoped that the CP patients will get rid of at least the worry about their excruciating pain. The idea of the ‘Cancer Pain Initiative’ has been in circulation for quite some time, but needs to be discussed at various levels.

Key words: Cancer; Cancer pain; Pain management

Citation: Khan TH. Cancer, cancer pain and the ‘Cancer Pain Initiative’. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2021;25(2):126–12. DOI: 10.35975/apic.v25i2.1482
BOWEN'S BLOWN AWAY! - SUCCESSFUL MANAGEMENT OF BOWEN'S DISEASE BY TOPICAL 5% 5-FU AND CRYOTHERAPY
Authors: Yahya Ibrahim , Rajesh Gayathri , H. (Harikumar) Manu Vidhya , S. Murugan
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND: Bowen disease (BD) is a rare, persistent, and progressive form of in situ Squamous Cell Carcinoma characterized by a solitary
red, scaly or crusted plaque with potential for malignant change around 8%. Persistent growth usually occurs but partial regressions are not
uncommon. Several modalities of treatment are available which show varying results. In our Case Report, we present a 74-year-old male who was
diagnosed with Bowen's Disease clinico-pathologically and was treated with cyclical topical 5% 5-FU cream and Cryotherapy using Liquid
Nitrogen.
CASE DESCRIPTION: A 74-year-old male came to our OPD with complaints of a single, persistent, asymptomatic psoriasiform plaque of size
measuring 4x4 cm over his abdomen for 3 years. The plaque was progressively enlarging and showed resistance to topical therapies with salicylic
acid, potent topical steroids, and emollients for the past 3 years. A clinical diagnosis of Bowen's Disease was made, and biopsy was done.
Histopathological Examination revealed intra-epidermal dysplasia with characteristic 'wind-blown' appearance of keratinocytes in the epidermis.
Atypical mitotic gures were seen. Dense lymphocytic inltrate with pigment laden macrophages were seen at DEJ. Patient was started on topical
5% 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) cream which he applied three nights a week along with Cryotherapy using Liquid Nitrogen (8 sessions of cryotherapy
with two 5-10 secs Freeze-Thaw cycles were done at 3 weekly intervals). Biopsy taken at end of 6 months showed a normal epidermis with no
evidence of in situ changes. Next evaluation will be after 3 months.
CONCLUSION: There are multiple treatment modalities available for BD with no option superior to other. 5% 5-FU is showing increasing
effectiveness (up to 96.2%) especially when combined with other treatment options such as cryotherapy which on its own showed great clearance
rates (greater than 90%) depending on the duration of freeze-thaw cycles. Main advantage of this combination is its ease of application, low cost
and non-invasiveness.
SINGLE NEEDLE THORACIC PARAVERTEBRAL BLOCK AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO GENERAL ANESTHESIA FOR MODIFIED RADICAL MASTECTOMY OPERATION : A RANDOMISED CONTROL STUDY
Authors: Roy Archana , Bhunia Pratibha , Sadhukhan Sampriti , Mukherjee Dipankar , Soni Shrawan
Published: April 2021

Background and Aims: Conventionally, surgery for breast carcinoma is done under general anaesthesia (GA). Recently thoracic paravertebral
block (TPVB) is gaining popularity because it produces unilateral block and minimal haemodynamic changes. It also facilitates post-op analgesia,
early ambulation, and reduces hospital stay. Aim was to observe effectiveness of single needle TPVB with bupivacaine as the sole anaesthetic
technique for Modied radical mastectomy (MRM).
Methods: 60 consenting female patients of ASA I & II, aged 18-60 years scheduled for modied radical mastectomy were randomly assigned into
two groups: Gr. P (n=30), Gr. G(n=30). For Gr. P: TPVB was given at T4 vertebral level with 18G Tuohy needle and an epidural catheter inserted 2-
3cm inside the paravertebral space. Bupivacaine 0.5% isobaric 15-20ml (not exceeding 2 mg/kg b.w.) injected through the epidural catheter.
Dexmedetomidine infusion given for sedation. Gr. G: GA was given with Midazolam, Fentanyl, Propofol and Atracurium. Measured parameters
were baseline and intraoperative haemodynamics , induction time, recovery time, fentanyl requirement, average blood loss, post-op pain score by
VAS at 0,1/2,1,2,4,8,12,24hrs, duration of analgesia, patient and surgeon satisfaction scores(PSS,SSS),and incidence of post-op nausea
vomiting(PONV).
RESULTS: Group P patients had prolonged induction ( ) and recovery was faster ( ) in comparison to 12.25±3.66 1.61±0.69 group G.
Intraoperatively Group P patients required less Fentanyl & also had less blood loss. Post op VAS score, incidence of PONV were more in group G.
Conclusion: TPVB may be used as an alternate anaesthetic technique for MRM as it provides adequate analgesia both in intra and post op period
with minimal adverse effects.
A MULTI-DISCIPLINARY COMPREHENSIVE GERIATRIC ASSESSMENT OF ELDERLY SUBJECTS IN A SUPERSPECIALITY TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, DELHI.
Authors: Mathur Namit , Mathur Neha , Kumar Vinod , Negi Vikrant
Published: April 2021

Introduction: The comprehensive assessment of elderly people who requires health and social care is becoming of increasing importance. The
study was conducted to detect various morbidities in elderly people based on their physical, psychological, and socio-environmental assessment.
Material & Methods: history of any underlying disease of each subject was obtained. General physical examination and wherever required,
relevant laboratory investigations were performed, followed by comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) which consisted of three components
namely physical, psychological and socio environmental assessment.
Results: Among 150 subjects, 37% had suspected respiratory, 33% musculo-skeletal and 27% gastrointestinal system diseases. Symptoms were
less prevalent among those subjects who had regular health checkups. Depression was noted in 43% and impaired memory in 12%. Socio
environment impairments that were present were unsafe homes (13%), absence of social support (6%) and lonely living (7%).
Conclusion: The family physician should always perform careful CGA along with required laboratory diagnosis which can help in proper
rehabilitation of the patient and unnecessary sufferings can be avoided.