bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hohenbuehelia incrustata sp. nov., a new species of Hohenbuehelia (Pleurotaceae, Agaricales) from Northwestern Siberia, Russia
Authors: Ageev Dmitriy , Bulyonkova Tatiana , Zvyagina Elena , Filippova Nina
Published: January 2025

While examining the materials of fleshy fungi surveys in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug—Yugra (Northwestern Siberia, Russia), we studied two collections of Hohenbuehelia (Pleurotaceae, Agaricales) with a combination of morphological features, including distinctly heavily encrusted cystidia, that made it impossible to reliably assign these specimens to particular species; molecular phylogenetic analysis revealed them to be a distinct taxon forming a well-supported branch within Hohenbuehelia, sister to H. mustialensis. This paper is devoted to the morphological and ecological description of Hohenbuehelia incrustata and its phylogenetic position among the currently described species of this genus with publicly available ITS sequences.
Cymbella erhaiensis sp. nov., a new cymbelloid diatom species (Cymbellales, Bacillariophyta) from Yunnan Province, ChinaCymbella erhaiensis sp. nov., a new cymbelloid diatom species (Cymbellales, Bacillariophyta) from Yunnan Province, China
Authors: ZHENG KUN , XIAO QIAO-ZHI , GUO JI-SHU , HUANG JI-MIN , ZHANG YUN , KOCIOLEK JOHN PATRICK , LI YAN-LING
Published: January 2025

Cymbella erhaiensis sp. nov. is identified as a new species and described from stone surfaces in Lake Erhai, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. A detailed morphological description of the new species is presented based on light and scanning electron microscopy. The new species is classified as Cymbella due to its strongly dorsiventral valves, the dorsal deflection of terminal raphe fissures, absence of stigmata, and the presence of apical pore fields. The new species is closely similar to C. sinensis but is distinguished from that taxon by stria density, shape and relative valve width of central area, and shape of areolae. Other similar taxa include C. subleptoceros, C. neoleptoceros, C. neoleptoceros var. tenuistriata, C. stigmaphora, with distinguishing characteristics including valve size, areola density and central area. The discovery of this new diatom species increases the known biodiversity of the southwest regions in China.
Cymbidium huikanran (Orchidaceae; Epidendroideae), a new species from China: evidence from morphology and molecular analyses
Authors: LI JUN , ZENG MENG-YAO , CHEN GUI-ZHEN , LI YUAN-YUAN , LIU ZHONG-JIAN , LAN SIREN
Published: January 2025

A new species of Cymbidium (Orchidaceae) from Hubei Province, China, is described as C. huikanran, which is like C. kanran and C. faberi. Morphologically, it can be distinguished from the former by its basally non-articulate leaves, and arching, short scape; from the latter by its narrowly oblong-lanceolate sepals and narrowly ovate-lanceolate petals. Molecular analysis based on nuclear ribosomal ITS and the plastid sequences (matK and rbcL) clearly indicated that is a new species as a sister to C. faberi in C. subgenus Jensoa.
Status symbols in world politics
Authors: Beaumont Paul , Røren Pål
Published: January 2025

A large body of scholarship in International Relations (IRs) has shown that numerous actors in world politics are avid observers, and sometimes obsessive seekers of social status. However, the literature has remained oddly quiet about the status symbols acquired and used to further that goal. To redress this lacuna, this special issue brings together several of IR’s leading status scholars to investigate the emergence, decline, ambiguity, functionality, and utility of status symbols in world politics. This introduction lays out the analytical and ethical warrant for studying status symbols. We formulate an interpretive framework for historicizing status symbols and exploring their temporal and spatial trajectories within international society. Specifically, this introduction develops four analytical lenses for illuminating status symbols. In short, how status symbols temporally rise to prominence and eventually whiter, how and whether they function and thus how they are received, whether their inherent multivocality enable them to cut across multiple groups of world politics, and how and to what extent status symbols can be consciously manipulated into a force for good.
Theorizing conflict opponent noncompliance from ceasefire monitoring
Authors: Verjee Aly
Published: January 2025

This article presents theory for how third-party ceasefire monitoring may contribute to, and even motivate, ceasefire noncompliance. That credible ceasefire monitoring may help produce new violence, even if inadvertently, challenges prevailing positive understandings of third-party observation and monitoring, in which ceasefire monitoring is often seen as a form of intervention that helps conflict parties comply with ceasefire commitments. Four mechanisms by which noncompliance may occur when ceasefire monitoring is present are identified. These are, first, that monitoring provides conflict parties with new signaling options in which violence has a potential communicative function; second, that conflict actors’ noncompliance can seek to influence how monitors operate; third, that conflict actors’ noncompliance can help test monitors’ detection capacities; and, fourth, that noncompliance allows conflict parties to check for audience costs. In outlining these mechanisms, this article suggests that there are multiple means by which ceasefire monitoring, like other interventions, can have unintended consequences.
A Practical and Biblical Understanding of the Pastoral Rest: A Study for the Sustainable Ministry of the Korean Immigrant Churches
Authors: Lee Min Hyoung
Published: January 2025

The ministry of the Korean immigrant church in the United States is quite demanding, and the Korean immigrant pastors who serve those churches work hard without adequate rest. Inspired by Bryan Stone and Claire Wolfteich’s book, Sabbath in the City: Sustaining Urban Pastoral Excellence, this paper examines the importance of rest for pastors and proposes pastoral rest for sustainable ministry among immigrant pastors in the United States. This study analyzes the circumstances that contribute to the lack of rest experienced by those engaged in Korean immigrant ministry in the United States. It then examines the theological concept of the pastoral rest and its potential for supporting contemporary Korean immigrant churches. This study subsequently presents several essential aspects of pastoral rest with reference to 1 Kings 19. It will be of assistance to Korean immigrant pastors and church members with regard to the maintenance of a healthy and balanced ministry, both physically and spiritually.
Moving with the trouble: How vulnerability and critical hope enable reckoning with complicity in entrepreneurial initiatives
Authors: Endrissat Nada , Lüthy Christina
Published: January 2025

Entrepreneurial initiatives aiming to transform organizations from the bottom up are often complicit with the power structures they seek to change, reproducing the old while trying to cultivate the new. To unleash the transformative potential of these initiatives, it is crucial to better understand how workers can productively reckon with complicity and how this reckoning drives the entrepreneurial process. We address these questions through a longitudinal, qualitative, single-case study in a private contemporary art museum in Russia, where museum workers strive to create a more inclusive and politicized organization. Drawing on research by social justice education scholars, we unfold how vulnerability and critical hope—here as affective orientations—enable workers to sense and address complicity in their entrepreneurial activities. We develop a process model that theorizes the interplay between these affective orientations and links them to the expansion or contraction of entrepreneurial activities and their reckoning with complicity. The study contributes to the surging interest in vulnerability and hope within entrepreneurship studies while providing new insights into how entrepreneurs remain affected by the contrary effects of their own efforts, channeling these experiences into imaginative actions toward different futures.
The Impact of Israeli Occupation on Food Security in the Gaza Strip: Historical Context and Current Challenges
Authors: Bourdim Fatima-zahra
Published: January 2025

This paper investigates the effects of ongoing aggression and the blockade on food security in the Gaza Strip. It delves into the historical backdrop, assesses the repercussions of prior aggressions, and examines the exacerbation of the current humanitarian crisis due to recent escalations of aggression. By analyzing data related to agricultural damage, infrastructure destruction, and food security indicators, the study seeks to illuminate the severe humanitarian conditions in Gaza and underscore the urgent need for effective intervention strategies.
Current research and guidelines for euthanasia in laboratory fish with a focus on fathead minnows
Authors: Lavalle Christine , Clarence Stacey , Khan Hufsa , Shires Kallie , Parrott Joanne
Published: January 2025

This paper reviews the methods and approaches used to humanely anesthetize (render unconscious) and or euthanize (kill) laboratory fish (in research settings), with a specific focus on the fathead minnow. We surveyed the literature (333 scientific studies published 2004–2021) to examine euthanasia methods used for various life stages. Our findings showed that many published scientific papers do not provide an adequate description of anesthesia or euthanasia methods, particularly for larval fathead minnows. Over the two decades there was a 20% increase in the number of papers that described their euthanasia method(s). In addition, the review shows evidence that younger minnows require higher concentrations of anesthetic (compared with adults) for effective euthanasia. Recommendations from the review include the use of a two-step euthanasia method (immersion in anesthetic followed by spinal severance and/or exsanguination). As well, it is recommended that details of anesthesia and euthanasia are more fully captured in published scientific manuscripts to allow for comparison among studies and for progress in animal welfare methods. Specific research questions remain on whether rapid cooling is a humane first-step euthanasia method, better investigations into understanding when anesthesia has occurred in fish, and research into methods of euthanasia in larval and juvenile fish.
The Loss of a Physician's Freedom of Conscience Will Result in the Breakdown of Patient Autonomy Within the Doctor–Patient Relationship
Authors: Burke Brian J.
Published: January 2025

Editor's Note: Issues of conscience are of increasing importance in medicine, especially when it comes to the Catholic physician. Nearly fifteen years ago, this alarm was sounded regarding the connection between physician conscience and patient autonomy. First published Vol 76, No 4, November 1, 2009. The development of patient autonomy within healthcare has created new challenges in the physician–patient relationship. When a patient demands a service that violates the conscience of a physician, it creates conflict within that relationship. This has become particularly problematic when a patient demands abortion or artificial contraception and the physician is morally bound to refuse. This article argues that the integrity of the physician's conscience must be maintained in order to uphold the integrity of the patient's autonomy. If the physician is forced to violate his conscience, then the guarantee that a patient's desires and wishes will be respected will be lost because a great moral inequality will be created between the physician and the patient. To safeguard both the physician–patient relationship and the patient's autonomy, it is vital that the physician's conscience be protected.
Degrees of Death: The Hierarchy of Capital Punishments Between Strangulation and Decapitation in Qing China
Authors: Xie Xin-zhe
Published: January 2025

This article unravels the classification of individuals which operated through the dualism between two execution methods, strangulation and decapitation, during the Qing dynasty. The fundamental difference lay in whether the method of execution preserved the integrity of the corpse. As this factor entailed important moral and metaphysical consequences, there is an uncrossable boundary between the two situations. The confidentiality surrounding the sentence to be carried out was an effort to maintain this boundary, and crossing it, as happened in some cases examined by this paper, was considered a serious breach of justice. Did such a classification mechanism imply a hierarchical relationship between strangulation and decapitation as punishments? The article goes on to address this question, showing that an affirmative answer is as well supported by historical sources as a negative one, and it attempts to reconcile this apparent contradiction.
All May Not Be Forgiven: Post Seminary Financial Liabilities for Diocesan Catholics Pursuing Ordination
Authors: Terkun Kristina
Published: January 2025

Research on Catholic religious vocations has concentrated on student debt primarily as a barrier to entry. This study examines the outstanding liabilities for diocesan Catholics incurred post baccalaureate at the theologate level, shedding light on the misconception that seminarians do not accrue debt. Particular attention is given to the financial obligations of seminarians vis-à-vis their diocese while pursuing ordination and policies for settling debt if one discerns out of seminary or subsequently leaves the priesthood. A survey of Vocation Directors at dioceses that sponsor theologates in the United States was conducted and data collected via questionnaire. Responses analyzed from 21 dioceses across 14 states reveals remarkable consistency in financial policies. The vast majority are willing to accept men for theology with pre-existing educational debt. Further, dioceses cover most major expenses for seminarians in the theologate and nearly all consider there to be no debt incurred at the theologate level. Nevertheless, a common position among dioceses is that outstanding educational debt is primarily the seminarian’s responsibility. This study is relevant to candidates for the priesthood as well as diocesan leadership and acknowledges the role of donors or fundraisers in debt mitigation.
Innovation religieuse et changement social. Dynamiques du phénomène évangélique en Amérique latine
Authors: MOSQUEIRA Mariela Analía
Published: January 2025

This article seeks to understand the dynamics of innovation and standardization in the Latin American evangelical world. First, the author presents a narrative review of the academic literature on evangelicalism and social change in the region. Next, she analyses the dynamics of innovation and standardization in the evangelical world on the basis of ethnographic and documentary research on Christian rock. Finally, she proposes a meso-reticular approach combining interactionism and social network analysis to study how religious innovations develop and become institutionalized, thereby providing a theoretical and methodological basis for future research in the sociology of religion.
Moral Subjects in White Spaces: Impossible Solidarities
Authors: Emejulu Akwugo , Bassel Leah
Published: January 2025

This article explores women of colour’s struggles against white spaces in anti-austerity, anti-fascist and migrants’ rights movements in Berlin, Brussels, Copenhagen, London, Madrid and Paris. We argue that solidarity is denied by white activists who resist women of colour’s practical demands to take race, class, gender, sexuality, disability and legal status seriously as an organising strategy. These demands are misinterpreted as emotional pleas for care and, crucially, as threats to the fantasies in which white activists place themselves as the eternal moral subjects and agents of their activism. Focusing on emotional expressions of solidarity can therefore fatally undermine the pragmatic work required to build solidarity. It is unclear how women of colour activists should pursue solidarity as a goal when their interests are misrepresented by their white comrades. Yet solidarity remains an impossible necessity in a cost-of-living crisis and far-right emergency.
Contextualizing the Decalogue: The Invention of the Ten-Commandments in Late Ancient Christianity
Authors: Bick Shraga
Published: January 2025

This article argues that while several Decalogue precepts are mentioned in the New Testament, the Decalogue as a distinct normative category is completely absent. This goes in line with the evidence from Second Temple Jewish sources, where very limited attention is given to the Decalogue, with Philo serving as an exception. I further propose that the formation of the Decalogue as a distinct normative category comes accompanied by a specific anti-Jewish discourse, beginning in the late second century and continuing into the fourth century. Authors such as Irenaeus of Lyon, Ptolemy, Aphrahat, and the anonymous author of the Syriac Book of Steps construct ‘the Decalogue’ as a category for commandments that Christians must still follow, as opposed to the rest of Law. The latter is characterized as ‘not good laws’, given to the Jews only on account of their sins.
Dynamic event-triggered observer design for quadcopters with uncertainties
Authors: Tang Xincheng , Sun Yuan , Zhang Yueyuan , Fei Yang
Published: January 2025

This paper investigates the problem of estimating all 12 states and lumped uncertainties for quadcopters with unknown disturbances. A novel dynamic event-triggered mechanism is proposed for the construction of extended state observers regarding quadcopters with nonlinear control gain matrix. To attenuate the undesired uncertainty oscillation in the conventional extended state observer, an improved estimation method is developed to acquire higher estimation accuracy. Apart from validating the uniform ultimate boundedness of estimation errors, the proposed scheme is also free of Zeno behaviour. Comparative experiments in simulation demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed observer, which shows outstanding performance in state estimation and communication saving. Hardware experiments for the quadcopter are also conducted to prove the practicability of the proposed dynamic event-triggered observer.
Semantic and phonological associative norms of 145 French words for children aged 5–9 years: Free associations and forced-choice task
Authors: Hippolyte Amandine , Ribeiro Nicolas , Ibernon Laure , Marec-Breton Nathalie , Declercq Christelle
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to establish normative data for 145 words using phonological and semantic association tasks with 242 French schoolchildren, ranging from ages 5 (Grande Section) to 8 (Cours Elémentaire 2), providing a fundamental resource for future research and educational planning. The participants were engaged in two primary tasks: a free association task, entailing image recognition followed by phonological or semantic word association and a forced-choice task, involving choosing semantically or phonologically related images from options. Overall, there were more associations produced for semantic associations than phonological ones; however, there was a greater variety of phonological associations than semantic ones. We found that 5-year-old children performed better in semantic tasks by choosing expected associates compared to phonological tasks. However, this difference was not present in older children. This suggests that phonological networks develop more gradually than semantic ones, with phonological awareness continuing to improve with age while semantic stability is reached earlier. The established norms offer a framework for educators, clinicians, and researchers in understanding and assessing the semantic and phonological associative strategy of children in early educational settings within the French context.
Macrobenthic red algae and their hydrocarbon generation in the Paleogene deep-water source rocks, Qiongdongnan Basin
Authors: Wei Li
Published: January 2025

To solve the contradiction between the discovery of natural gas field in the deep water area of Qiongdongnan Basin under the background of low organic matter abundance of Paleogene (Oligocene) source rocks and the current recognition of higher plants as the main source material, selects four exploration wells in the study area for the first time with the help of “mild” maceration kerogen identification technology and scanning electron microscopy observation, and finds that the source materials are mainly marine macrobenthic red algae with high abundance rather than the before thought higher plants. The marine macrobenthic red algae have the characteristics of early oil generation and late gas generation, especially in the high to over mature stage, which has a good gas prospect. It is the first time to find the source rocks with carpospores and the disk-shaped hard pads as the main source materials in China and abroad, which indicates that macrobenthic red algae are a kind of source materials that should not be ignored, which provides a possible explanation for the formation of large gas fields in the deep water area of Qiongdongnan Basin under the background of low organic matter abundance of source rocks.
Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Submandibular Gland with Skull Metastasis: A Case Report
Authors: Verma Prankur , Tirkey Amit Jiwan , Jyothi Grace Vandana , Singh Vartika , Gandham Edmond Jonathan
Published: January 2025

Metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma is a rare entity that has the propensity for distant metastasis despite being histologically benign. We report the case of a 56-year-old woman with a long-standing right upper neck swelling and a recent-onset swelling over the left side of the scalp. Clinical workup did not reveal any other tumor deposits in the body. Complete excision of the right submandibular gland and the scalp swelling was performed. The case was diagnosed as metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma. The exact cause of the malignant manifestation of this histologically benign entity is unclear. The time of appearance of a metastatic deposit is highly variable and is usually preceded by a local recurrence. Further research on the malignant behavior of this entity is warranted.
Afterword: Reflections on the (In)Visibility of Labor in Translational Medicine
Authors: Mittra James
Published: January 2025

In this paper I unpack and critically reflect on some of the key insights each paper in this Special Issue if ST&HV offers on the in(visibilities) of labor and practices in Translational Medicine. I also broaden the discussion to think about the general implications these (in)visibilities have for the future of translational medicine and the bioeconomy, as well as the ways we might wish to study it.
Integrating New Instructional Assistive Technology to Support Academic and Behavioural Instruction for Students with Learning Disabilities
Authors: Chandra Shruti , Fane Jennifer , Azizi Negin , McKenzie-Gray Mike , Sager Melissa , Dautenhahn Kerstin
Published: January 2025

Assistive Technology can be a highly effective tool in supporting students with Learning Disabilities (LD) in addressing foundational academic skill gaps as part of academic and behavioural one-to-one instruction. However, there are barriers to administrators wanting to equip in-service educators to integrate assistive technology into special education contexts, such as in-service educators’ technology acceptance and the need for effective in-service training. This article explores a model for supporting in-service educators to integrate assistive technology into an existing academic and behavioural one-to-one instruction program for students with LD through a partnership with a nonprofit educational provider and a university’s social robotics laboratory. We applied a co-design approach and followed a human-centred design methodology, incorporating a technology acceptance model to support educators in broadly integrating assistive technology into existing research-based programs for students with LD.
Default viewing: Reconceptualising choice and habit in television audience research
Authors: Johnson Catherine , Lobato Ramon , Scarlata Alexa
Published: January 2025

When choosing what to watch, television audiences habitually default to particular channels, shows and apps as part of their everyday routines. Additionally, streaming platforms and devices also default to particular content, services or ads as determined by their software settings. In other words, television viewing is commonly shaped by both behavioural and technological defaults. How can television audience research account for these two distinct, yet related, phenomena? What does defaulting mean for our understanding of media choice in the streaming age? Drawing on the authors’ recent empirical work, this article develops a conceptual framework for understanding the role of defaults in contemporary television viewing. Our analysis synthesises ideas from fields of knowledge that are rarely considered together – television audience studies, platform studies and the sociology of habit – to revise longstanding debates about defaults, and to update them for the present context of streaming television.
Applications of Cell-Based Protein Array Technology to Preclinical Safety Assessment of Biological Products
Authors: Vicart Axel , Holland Cam , Fraser Kathryn , Gervais Frederic , Aspinall-O’Dea Mark , Brown Nick , Siddals Kirk , Greiner Géraldine , Carreira Vinicius , Galbreath Elizabeth , Willer Maggie , Kaliyaperumal Saravanan , Wood Charles , MacLachlan Tim , Clark Elizabeth
Published: January 2025

Off-target evaluation is essential in preclinical safety assessments of novel biotherapeutics, supporting lead molecule selection, endpoint selection in toxicology studies, and regulatory requirements for first-in-human trials. Off-target interaction of a therapeutic antibody and antibody derivatives has been historically assessed via the Tissue Cross-Reactivity (TCR) study, in which the candidate molecule is used as a reagent in immunohistochemistry (IHC) to assess binding of the candidate molecule to a panel of human tissue sections. The TCR approach is limited by the performance of the therapeutic as an IHC reagent, which is often suboptimal to outright infeasible. Furthermore, binding of the therapeutic in IHC conditions typically has poor in vitro to in vivo translation and lacks qualitative data of the identity of putative off-targets limiting the decisional value of the data. More recently, cell-based protein arrays (CBPA) that allow for screening against a large portion of the human membrane proteome and secretome have emerged as a complement, and likely a higher value alternative, to IHC-based off-target assessment. These arrays identify specific protein interactions and may be useful for testing nontraditional antibody-based therapeutic formats that are unsuitable for TCR studies. This article presents an overview of CBPA technologies in the context of TCR and off-target assessment studies. Selected case examples and strategic considerations covering a range of different modalities are presented.
Increasing Prosocial Employment Skills for Adolescents With Emotional and/or Behavioral Disorders: A Systematic Review and Quality Review
Authors: Dulas Heather M. , Bowman-Perrott Lisa , Georgio Trudy E. , Dunn Claudia M. , Li Yi-Fan
Published: January 2025

In this systematic review, we examined interventions for increasing prosocial employment skills for adolescents with emotional and/or behavioral disorders (EBDs). Many studies have focused on social skills related to employment for individuals with intellectual disabilities or autism spectrum disorders. However, there is a paucity of research on employment skills for individuals with EBD. A synthesis of available literature may help inform what is currently known about supporting prosocial employment skills for this group of students. We examined components of strategies that promote successful employment outcomes for individuals with EBD. We identified 12 studies involving 2,095 transition-age students, with 249 students identified with or at risk of EBD. Findings indicate that explicit teaching of prosocial employment skills is an effective strategy for increasing these skills. Included studies were evaluated using the Council for Exceptional Children Standards for Evidence-Based Practices in Special Education. Recommendations for future research and practice are discussed.
Effectiveness of Nurse-led Brief Intervention to Reduce the Risky Use of Alcohol and Tobacco Use Among Older Adults: Results of a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial from India
Authors: Mahendia Neeraj , Joseph Jaison , Arya Sidharth , Devi Rajeshwari
Published: January 2025

Background:

India has witnessed a gradual increase in substance use among the elderly, driven by the country’s aging population and evolving demographic trends. There remains a lack of scientific foundation regarding the efficacy of brief intervention among older adults in the context of low- and middle-income countries. The current study explored the effectiveness of nurse-led brief intervention to reduce risky substance use patterns among the elderly in the Indian context.

Methods:

The present study is a pilot randomized trial with assessments conducted before and after the intervention at 4-week intervals. The Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) was used to detect changes in risky substance use, and the intervention was based on the ASSIST Brief Intervention Protocol. The study setting was a government-funded elderly citizen club, which was conveniently selected.

Results:

Out of the 80 contacted participants, 60 subjects were enrolled, evenly divided between intervention and control groups. The mean age of the sample was 69.80 years (SD = 4.2). Although there was some difference in post-follow-up scores, we did not observe a significant benefit for the brief intervention in reducing risky substance use among the elderly in this setting ( P > .05).

Conclusion:

The study demonstrated a reduction in risky substance use patterns among the elderly population in both the intervention and control groups. Future trials should adopt rigorous methodological approaches to provide robust clinical evidence for implementing similar interventions aimed at enhancing the well-being of elderly individuals in this setting.
Examining the influence of diet on auditory working memory in females
Authors: Kumar Devika Krishna , Roy Urmi , Nisha K.V.
Published: January 2025

Background: A nutritious diet is crucial for good health and cognitive function, including working memory (WM). Nutrients like omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, and vitamins found in whole foods have been linked to improved WM. Examining the impact of dietary habits on WM in women, who face hormonal and health-related challenges, is important. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effects of nutrition on WM in women with good and poor dietary habits. Methods: A total of 60 female participants in the age range of 20–30 years were included in the study. Participants were divided according to dietary habits into two groups of 30 each: group 1 with good and group 2 with poor food habits. This categorization was based on their scores on Adolescent Food Habits Checklist (AFHC). Auditory WM was evaluated across multiple tasks—forward digit span, backward digit span, ascending and descending digit span, 3n running span, and 3n-back digit to all participants. Results: Results of Mann–Whitney U test showed that women with good food habits had significantly better backward digit span (/Z/ = 0.009, p < 0.05, Re = 0.011) and descending scores (/Z/ = 0.032, p < 0.05, Re = 0.004) compared to those with poor food habits. No correlation was found between the AFHC scores and the scores on all WM tests ( p > 0.05), except the backward span ( p = 0.002). These results suggest that better nutritional intake might enhance performance in these memory-related tasks. Conclusion: Nutritional intake differentially affects WM in women, with those having good dietary habits performing better in tasks requiring sustained memory as inferred from their superior performance on backward and descending span tasks. This highlights the potential role of nutrition in shaping cognitive abilities. However, the WM does not correlate with the AFHC scores, except on backward memory span.
The influence of cardiopulmonary bypass residual volume processing technique on blood management in cardiac surgical patients
Authors: Baeza Jennifer , Stammers Alfred H , Beckman Scott R , Tesdahl Eric A , Chores Jeffrey , Patel Kirti P , Petterson Craig M , Thompson Ty , Baginski Alexander , Wilkins Cozette , Choi Stephen , Sharaf Omar M , Firstenberg Michael S , Jacobs Jeffrey P
Published: January 2025

Background: Post-cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) blood processing is an important component of blood management during cardiac surgery. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate several methods of processing post-CPB residual blood.

Research Design: Using a multi-institutional national database (SpecialtyCare Operative Procedural rEgistry [SCOPE]), 77,591 cardiac surgical operations performed in adults (>18 years) between January 2017 and September 2022 were reviewed.

Study Sample: Blood processing methods included: Cell washing (CW, n = 63,592), Ultrafiltration (UF, n = 6286), Whole blood (WB, n = 3749), Hemobag (HB, n = 2480), and No processing (NO, n = 1484). The primary outcome was intraoperative post-CPB allogenic red blood cell (RBC) transfusion.

Data Analysis: Group differences in RBC transfusion were assessed using a Bayesian mixed-effects logistic regression model controlling for multiple operative variables.

Results: Across blood processing groups, patients had similar ages, body mass index and surgical procedures performed as well as preoperative hematocrit and nadir operative hematocrit. Median hematocrit change from last-in-operating room to first-in-ICU were highest in UF and HB groups (3.0 [IQR = 2.0–4.8] and 2.5 [IQR = 0.4–5.0]), respectively. The model-predicted probability of intraoperative post-CPB RBC transfusion was lowest in the HB group (0.79% [95% CrI = 0.37%–1.26%]), and highest in NO group (2.12% [95% CrI = 1.47%–2.82%]). Relative to CW, the odds of RBC transfusion for HB cases were reduced by half (OR = 0.5 [95% CrI = 0.28–0.89], statistical reliability = 99.1%), while odds for NO were 1.41 greater (OR = 1.41 [95% CrI = 1.03–1.93], statistical reliability = 98.2%).

Conclusions: Post-CPB blood processing affects the likelihood for both receiving an intraoperative post-CPB RBC transfusion and for hematocrit change, with HB use resulting in the lowest predicted risk for transfusion, and NO the highest.
Trauma-related psychopathologies after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Demory Ashley , Broden Elizabeth , Equey Lucile , Funaro Melissa C. , Sharifi Mona , Harpaz-Rotem Ilan , Traube Chani , Karam Oliver ,   in collaboration with the Pediatric Acute Lung Injury and Sepsis Investigators (PALISI) Network and the Pediatric ECMO subgroup of PALISI and the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (PediECMO)
Published: January 2025

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) use is associated with substantial psychiatric morbidity in patients and their families. This systematic review and meta-analysis quantifies the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and depression among ECMO survivors and their families. Included studies enrolled patients on ECMO or their families and reported at least one trauma-related psychopathology. Of 1767 screened studies, 55 were included (5146 participants): 50 in adult ECMO survivors, one in pediatric ECMO survivors, and four in families of ECMO patients (two adult, two pediatric.). The pooled prevalence of PTSD was 19% in adult ECMO survivors, 20% in pediatric ECMO survivors, 25% in families of adult ECMO patients, and 21% in families of pediatric ECMO patients. The pooled prevalence of anxiety was 30% in adult ECMO survivors, 8% in pediatric ECMO survivors, 67% in families of adult ECMO patients, and 46% in families of pediatric ECMO patients. The pooled prevalence of depression was 24% in adult ECMO survivors, 8% in pediatric ECMO survivors, 50% in families of adult ECMO patients, and 32% in families of pediatric ECMO patients. This meta-analysis demonstrates a high prevalence of trauma-related psychopathologies surrounding ECMO use, highlighting the need for interventions to improve post-ECMO outcomes.
Setting standards for brain collection procedures in metabolomic studies
Authors: Dienel Gerald A , Nowak Thaddeus S
Published: January 2025

Current metabolomics technologies can measure hundreds of chemical entities in tissue extracts with good reliability. However, long-recognized requirements to halt enzyme activities during the initial moments of sample preparation are usually overlooked, allowing marked postmortem shifts in levels of labile metabolites representing diverse pathways. In brain many such changes occur in a matter of seconds. These comments overview the concern, contrast representative studies, and specify approaches to consider as standards in the field going forward. Comparison with established metabolite signatures of in vivo brain is an essential validation step when implementing any collection method.
Evidence for cellular and solute passage between the brain and skull bone marrow across meninges: A systematic review
Authors: Eide Therkelsen Helena , Enger Rune , Eide Per Kristian , Ringstad Geir
Published: January 2025

A potential two-way passage of cells and substances between the brain and skull bone marrow may open for new insights into neurological disease. The arachnoid membrane was traditionally considered to restrict cells and larger molecules in CSF from entering the dura and bone marrow directly. However, new data on exchange between brain and skull bone marrow have recently emerged. Here, we conducted a systematic literature to answer the question: What is the current evidence regarding the movement of cells and molecules between the brain and skull bone marrow, spanning CSF and meninges? We excluded studies related to head or skull trauma, cranial fractures or defects, cancer invasion, CSF leakage, spontaneous intracranial hypotension, spinal dura mater, and studies solely focusing on meningeal lymphatic vessels or the passage of substances from CSF to meningeal lymphatic vessels. The review identified 16 studies that provide evidence of communication between the brain, meninges and skull bone marrow. Cells (such as B and T cells and neutrophils), bacteria, and substances (tracers, drug compounds) have been reported to pass between the brain and skull bone. However, most studies are performed in rodents, emphasizing the need for translation to humans.
Salmonella gas-forming pyomyositis in an immunocompetent patient: a case report and review
Authors: Lee Jee Young , Kong Gyu Min
Published: January 2025

The primary etiology of pyomyositis is predominantly Staphylococcus aureus, although Gram-negative bacteria may also be involved on rare occasions. The prognosis for pyomyositis caused by Gram-negative bacteria is more unfavorable than that of infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Among Gram-negative bacteria, members of the Enterobacteriaceae family, including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species, and Salmonella species, have the capacity to produce gas. Gas-forming myositis is a rare phenomenon that primarily affects immunocompromised patients and is associated with a poor prognosis. To the best of our knowledge, no previous reports of gas-forming pyomyositis in an immunocompetent patient exist. We herein present the first documented case of Salmonella-induced gas-forming pyomyositis of the iliacus muscle in a healthy young man with no underlying diseases or comorbidities. Additionally, we reviewed cases of gas-forming pyomyositis in the literature and cases of pyomyositis caused by Gram-negative bacteria in immunocompetent patients.
Passive control of wind turbine tower using nonlinear magnetic vibration absorber and eddy current damping
Authors: Pourjafar Reza , Hansen Martin OL , Razzaghi Javad
Published: January 2025

Horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs) are the most widely used means of producing clean wind energy. Giant wind turbines with high production capacities are prone to degradation through environmental loads like wind and earthquake which might result in shorter machine life time or higher maintenance costs and consequently increased energy price. Vibration control methods have proven to be effective in ensuring structural integrity and general safety of wind turbine towers (WTTs) as well as the blades. There are challenges associated with employing typical linear dampers that need to be addressed such as limited available space in the nacelle, practical feasibility issues, and narrow effective frequency bandwidth of linear dampers. In this paper a new method for passive vibration control of wind turbines is proposed and a novel bi-directional design of the damping device is presented which is based on magnetic forces and eddy current damping. The proposed device is described in details and its parameters are analytically evaluated. The effect of the damper on nacelle displacement due to wind load is examined numerically and the results are compared to a typical tuned mass damper in terms of effectiveness and required space inside the nacelle. The study reveals that the magnetic damper is a competitive device for vibration control that could be as effective as a TMD with less required space.
On the Rise
Authors: Tarricone Paul
Published: January 2025

High-rise applications in Chicago and New York-one exterior and one interior—raise the profile of LEDs
Countdown to the Ball
Authors: Tarricone Paul
Published: January 2025

Nearly 10,000 LEDs create a dizzying 16 million colors in the new Times Square New Year's Eve Ball
Daylightig Evoles
Authors: Digert Neall
Published: January 2025

Once considered an ambient-only source, daylight can now replace electric sources in some task and decorative applications, as well
The Plasma Paradigm
Authors: Reid Randy , Pradhan Apurba
Published: January 2025

Light emitting plasma is on the rise in high-illuminance applications
Policy Points: Light Bulb Wars, Part Trois
Authors: Horner Bob
Published: January 2025

The phase-out of you know what isn't the only burning issue on the Hill
A New Gilded Age
Authors: Barr Vilma
Published: January 2025

Classic chandeliers combine with newer light sources to restore the grandeur of two Civil War-era institutions in Philadelphia
Revisionist History
Authors: Tarricone Paul
Published: January 2025

Designers were not chained to the past when remaking a fire-ravaged building at a prestigious prep school in New York
A Paper Paradise
Authors: Hall Elizabeth
Published: January 2025

Flavor Paper produces wild wall coverings at its fantastical factory in Brooklyn where lighting is part of the show
A Deeper Dive
Authors: Brodrick James
Published: January 2025

Three outdoor demonstrations illustrate how the DOE's Gateway program can identify and address information gaps that stand in the way of implementing LED lighting
Back on the Grid
Authors: Tarricone Paul
Published: January 2025

An abandoned manufacturing plant in Old Montreal has experienced an unlikely rebirth as a multimedia arts center complete with lighting elements that celebrate both its past and present
Mystery through Daylight
Authors: Meek Christopher , Van Den Wymelenberg Kevin
Published: January 2025

The Wright Exhibition Space reveals itself as deliberately and creatively as the artwork inside
A Design that Goes the Distance
Authors: Hall Elizabeth
Published: January 2025

With classic horse racing references that cater to the old guard and hip technologies to entice the new, the lighting design for a newly revamped restaurant at the Happy Valley Racecourse is closing the generation gap
Double the Fun at the W
Authors: Barr Vilma
Published: January 2025

W Hotels in New Orleans and Austin, TX, illustrate how the chain has linked its brand to each city
Walking through Water
Authors: Tarricone Paul
Published: January 2025

A delicately lighted residence in Vancouver conjures up images of a classic 1930s’ architectural icon
Cosmetic Makeover
Authors: Ventimiglia Diana
Published: January 2025

Light and color blend to revamp a beauty powerhouse
McAfee on a Mission
Authors: Tarricone Paul
Published: January 2025

Architecture and lighting design embody the corporate culture at McAfee
Go with the Floww
Authors: Ventimiglia Diana
Published: January 2025

After water was ruled out, a river of light now dazzles guests at the Anaheim Convention Center
Misclassification in Workers’ Telecommuting Frequency Choices Using a Generalized Extreme Value Model
Authors: Balan Lacramioara Elena , Paleti Rajesh
Published: January 2025

Telecommuting frequency is a response variable collected in travel surveys and is, therefore, prone to errors leading to mismeasurements or misclassification. Misclassification of explanatory variables is a common risk when using statistical modeling techniques. We define “misclassification” as a response reported or recorded in the wrong category; for example, a variable is recorded as a 1 when it should be 0. In this context, this study aims to develop a statistical model to analyze telecommuting data which accounts for potential misclassification errors by building on existing literature in econometrics. The empirical analysis was undertaken using the 2017 National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) and the general extreme value (GEV) models available in the literature. Specifically, the frequency of telecommuting days was analyzed using the negative binomial (NB) model recast as the multinomial logit (MNL) model. By nature—and consistent with other studies—NHTS data are prone to errors that can be classified as intentional or unintentional misinformation provided by the person being interviewed. Ignoring these errors while modeling telecommuting frequencies using standard discrete count models can result in biased parameter estimates. The misclassification parameter was calculated for both over-reporting and under-reporting scenarios. The misclassification errors can be as high as 14% over-reported and 10% under-reported, particularly for the neighboring values. Statistical fit comparison between the models shows that models that ignore misclassification have worse data fit and biased parameter estimates with significant policy implications.