bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pharmacokinetic Interactions of Paxlovid Involving CYP3A Enzymes and P-gp Transporter: An Overview of Clinical Data
Authors: Maideen Naina Mohamed Pakkir , Kandasamy Krishnaveni , balasubramanian Rajkapoor
Published: February 2025

Background:

The US FDA has approved paxlovid, a combination of nirmatrelvir and ritonavir, as
the first oral treatment for the management of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 patients.

Objective:

The purpose of this review article is to explore the clinical data that is currently available regarding
the drug-drug interactions (DDIs) of paxlovid with various medications.

Methods:

Keywords, such as drug interactions, paxlovid, ritonavir, nirmatrelvir, pharmacokinetic interactions,
CYP3A, and P-glycoprotein, were used to search online databases, including LitCOVID, Scopus, Embase, EBSCO
host, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and reference lists.

Results:

Paxlovid interacted with a variety of medications due to strong inhibition of CYP3A4 and P-gp transporter
protein by ritonavir and the dual function of nirmatrelvir as a substrate and inhibitor of CYP3A enzymes
and P-gp transporter protein. Numerous case reports and other studies determined that the risk of toxicities
of several drugs, including anticoagulants (warfarin, rivaroxaban), calcium channel blockers (nifedipine,
manidipine, verapamil), statins (atorvastatin), immunosuppressants (tacrolimus), antiarrhythmics (amiodarone),
antipsychotics (clozapine, quetiapine), and ranolazine have been enhanced by the concomitant administration
of paxlovid.

Conclusion:

Adverse effects of paxlovid from DDIs can range from less-than-ideal therapeutic responses to
potentially fatal toxicities. Effective management requires close observation, adjustments to dosage, and assessment
of substitute treatments. Collaboration between pharmacists and other medical professionals is necessary
to guarantee effective and safe treatment outcomes of paxlovid therapy.
Detailed Review of Melatonin and its Role in Managing the Symptoms of Depression
Authors: Dedmari Tooba , Ramzan Sameena , Hussain Masoodi Mubashir , Hassan Mir Reyaz
Published: February 2025

Depression, which is emerging as one of the most widely prevalent
neuropsychiatric disorders worldwide, has affected people across all age groups.
However, it is currently primarily affecting adults aged 18 to 25. The condition is
characterized by disrupted sleep cycles, diurnal variation, and disturbed core body
temperature rhythms. Currently, the anti-depressant medications that are prescribed
and authorized, such as tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), selective serotonin reuptake
inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), monoamine
oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), benzodiazepines, anxiolytics, and antihistamines have
demonstrated effective outcomes. However, the findings from the STAR*D
(Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression) study are disappointing.
The results show that currently available antidepressants yield only minimal
improvements in effectiveness for patients who did not respond to their initial
medication. Melatonin has emerged as a promising option for tackling these issues.
Moreover, due to its diverse abilities to regulate circadian rhythms and promote
synchronization, melatonin offers an alternative therapeutic approach to alleviate the
side effects and target the underlying causes of depression linked to an impaired
circadian system. This review intends to provide a comprehensive overview of
melatonin, including aspects such as its structural analysis, biosynthesis, regulation,
catabolism, and involvement in various physiological processes, particularly
highlighting its antidepressant activity.
Music Therapy may Decrease Radial Artery Spasm Rates and Increase Satisfaction during Coronary Angiography
Authors: Aslan Muzaffer , Okşen Doğaç , Yavuz Yunus Emre , Kaynak Çağdaş
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

With the widespread use of the radial artery in catheterization procedures,
radial artery spasm (RAS) is frequently considered an undesirable event. It is known that anxiety
increases RAS, and listening to music helps individuals control anxiety during the procedure. This
study aimed to investigate the effects of music concerts on RAS.

Methods:

In this prospective study, imaging and interventional coronary catheterization procedures
using the radial artery were included. One group listened to a musical recital during the procedure,
while the other group was treated in a quiet environment. The demographics, procedural parameters,
and complications of both groups were compared.

Results:

The study included a total of 147 patients, with an average age of 51.6 ± 11.1 years. Of these,
78 patients (53%) listened to music, while 69 patients (46.9%) underwent catheterization in a quiet
environment. The impact of music therapy on the RAS was found to be significant (11.5% vs.
20.3%; p=0.035). While music therapy showed a potential to reduce RAS rates, its effect was not
statistically significant in multivariate analysis (p=0.055).

Conclusion:

Music is a feasible, simple, and inexpensive method for reducing anxiety levels in patients.
Listening to music during catheterization can reduce procedural discomfort and the frequency
of undesirable events by helping people control their anxiety.
AraMultiOmics: A Platform for Generating Multi-Omics Features for Studying Symbiosis in Arabidopsis thaliana and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi
Authors: Kang Jee Eun
Published: February 2025

Background:

Recent investigation revealed that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)
brought major changes in the transcriptome of non-host plant- Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana)
within the AM network constructed by the hyphae of AMF connecting multiple plant roots. Although
there is enormous omics data available for A. thaliana, most AM-related information has
been restricted to transcriptome studies.

Objective:

We aimed to provide a comprehensive toolset for analyzing AM signaling-driven molecular
interactions in A. thaliana.

Methods:

We developed ten modules: 1) Epigenetic regulation in protein–nucleic acid interactions
(PNI), 2) DNA structure and metal binding profiles, 3) Transcription factor (TF) binding profiles, 4)
Protein domain–domain interactions (DDI), 5) Profiling of protein-metal and protein-ligand interactions
with complex structures (PLP) based on alignment of similar protein structures, 6) Carbohydrate-
lipid-protein interactions (CLP) – analysis of lipidome-proteome interactions, Nglycosylation/
glycan structure data, and carbohydrate-active enzyme/substrate predictions, 7) Metabolic
pathway analysis, 8) Multiple omics association studies, 9) Gene Ontology (GO) and Plant
Ontology (PO) analysis, and 10) Medicago transcriptome and epigenetic information.

Results:

For the program demonstration, we generated various comparative datasets based on differentially
expressed genes (DEGs) from Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana) of non-arbuscular mycorrhizal
(non-AM) and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) phenotypes, as well as DEGs from Medicago
truncatula (M. truncatula). These datasets were analyzed using statistical methods and artificial
neural networks. The program demonstrated a range of advantages in studying molecular interactions
related to AM symbiosis.

Conclusion:

To aid in the inference of AM-driven changes and the identification of AM-derived
molecules during AM symbiosis, the program offers a user-friendly platform for generating datasets
with key features, which can then be integrated with various downstream statistical methods. The
program code is freely available for download at www.artfoundation.kr.

other:

It also provides various multi-omics approaches in A. thaliana study.
Visible Light-Induced Catalyst-Free Synthesis of Dibenzo[a,g]carbazoles
Authors: Qin Shuangqi , Li Mingrui , Zhang Fang-Lin , Xu Haixing
Published: February 2025

aims:

to develop a mild and efficient synthetic method for the synthesis of dibenzo[a,g]carbazoles

background:

the conventional methods usually include the extending of the conjugate structure of carbazole-based molecules. Recently, photoredox catalysis has been applied into the synthesis of these dibenzocarbazole compounds, however, the existing methods still suffer the vulnerabilities, such as the addition of noble metal catalysts, highly functionalized starting materials, and metal salts, which could not give satisfaction from the practical perspective.

objective:

a photochemical catalyst-free and metal-free route to these important dibenzocarbazole compounds holds significant superiority and great potential to be developed.

method:

The visible light-induced synthesis of dibenzocarbazole is designed as a two-step one-pot reaction via 6π electrocyclization and consequent dehydrogenation, which would be realized by screening of reaction conditions.

result:

a series of dibenzo[a,g]carbazoles were successfully afforded via this method under purple LE at room temperature

conclusion:

the visible light-induced catalyst-free and metal-free synthetic method to dibenzo[a,g]carbazoles has been successfully developed.

other:

this method offers a promising alternative for the construction of benzocarbazole compounds
Review: Fructose, the Sweet Culprit behind Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Otayf Abdullah Y. , Agarwal Gaurav , Khairat Muzaynah Al , Kharmi Elham Ahmed , Alnemi Hamza , Alhazmi Ahmed , Abutawil Khalid , Agarwal Shilpi
Published: February 2025

The composition of the diet has altered over the past few decades, with a significant increase
in the consumption of dietary sugars, particularly fructose, which has risen more than tenfold.
This elevated consumption of fructose and sugars is considered to be one of the major risk aspects
for the emergence of obesity and other metabolic disorders. In this review, we discuss the
correlation between insulin resistance and NAFLD (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease) due to dietary
fructose intake. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is spreading quickly over the world and
has epidemic proportions. The risk of both hepatic and metabolic abnormalities is increased by
their connection, founded on shared metabolic risk factors such as obesity, (IR) Insulin Resistance,
and an unhealthy standard of living. This review highlights the prevalence of coexisting
T2DM (Type 2 diabetes) and NAFLD (Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease) in the community. In
summary, the key pathophysiological pathways and risk stratification algorithms for the onset of
nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes have been covered.
Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation to Reveal the Pharmacological Mechanisms of Gynostemma pentaphylla against Acute Pharyngitis
Authors: Zhong Juan , Wu Xiaozhong , Huang Chunxi , Li Yongqiang , Huang Min , Xu Liuyan , Lu Jianfeng , Pang Lili , Huang Qiuju , Chen Jing
Published: February 2025

Background:

Acute pharyngitis (AP) is a prevalent ailment. Gynostemma pentaphylla
(GP), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), may treat AP due to its anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory
properties, but this remains unexplored.

Methods:

This study utilized the TCMSP and Swiss Target Prediction databases to analyze GP's
chemical composition and target proteins. The Genecards database was used to identify targets relevant
to AP. A PPI network diagram of drug-disease intersection targets was created using the
STRING database, and Cytoscape was utilized to create a network visualization diagram of “GP
active components-targets-AP” in order to determine key active components of GP in treating AP.
Gene ontology (GO) and biological pathway (KEGG) enrichment analyses were conducted on targets
in the David database. Molecular docking verification of key targets and components was performed
using AutoDock Vina software. In animal experiments, a rat model of AP was induced by
a 15% concentrated ammonia solution, and HE staining was conducted to observe histopathological
changes in the rat pharynx after intragastric administration of Houyanqing. ELISA was used to
detect expression levels of serum interleukin-1-beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis
factor (TNF-α).

Results:

A total of 18 active ingredients were screened from GP, among which Ruvoside _ qt,
Rhamnazin, 3 ' -methyleriodictyol, and sitosterol were five key active ingredients. The key targets
involved EGFR, STAT3, MAPK3, SRC, AKT1, etc. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that GP
mainly acted on Pathways in cancer, P13K-AKT signaling Pathways, JAK-STAT signaling pathways,
and other signaling pathways. Molecular docking results showed that four core compounds
and five key targets met the energy matching. Animal experiments showed that compared with the
normal group, the expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the AP model group were significantly
up-regulated (P < 0.05). In addition, compared with the model group, intragastric administration
of the dexamethasone group and gypenosides group could alleviate the up-regulation of inflammatory
factors in model rats, and the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were decreased (P <
0.05).

Conclusion:

This study predicted the possible targets of GP in the treatment of AP through network
pharmacology. The results suggest that gypenosides may inhibit the expression of inflammatory
factors by regulating Pathways in cancer, P13K-AKT, and JAK-STAT signaling pathways to
treat AP.
GluN2B of NMDA Receptor and Calmodulin: Balanced Calcium Regulation to Combat Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Tiwari Prashant , KADIRI SUNIL KUMAR , Khobragade Deepak Shamrao , Dubey Sonal
Published: February 2025

N-methyl-D-Aspartate receptor (NMDAR) mediated excitatory glutamatergic neurotransmission
is essential for synaptic plasticity and neuronal survival. However, excessive NMDAR activation
results in excitotoxicity and encourages cell death, as well as providing a probable explanation
for the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) like pathology. It’s possible because of Mg2+ ions,
which block NMDA receptors while at rest and are unable to do so under synaptic plasticity. Earlier
studies have reported that blocking NMDAR by Mg2+ can improve AD. Further, calcium homeostasis
can be another convincing explanation for AD. Thereby, calcium plays an etiological factor in synaptic
plasticity and can cause Alzheimer's disease. According to studies, calcium homeostasis is
maintained by calmodulin, however, calcium imbalance because of calmodulin can result in excitotoxicity.
Additionally, the endoplasmic reticulum can disturb the body's calcium homeostasis by
malfunctioning mitochondria. An attempt has been made to review the different subunits of NMDA
receptors, Calmodulin and Mitochondrial calcium release and their physiological roles to understand
the possible aetiology for the mitigation of AD.
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Impact Fertility: A Review
Authors: Shabir Iram , Foster Christina
Published: February 2025

Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy has become the established method of treatment
for various types of cancers, consequently introducing a spectrum of side effects referred to as immune-
mediated adverse events, affecting almost every organ, including the reproductive system.
Moreover, very little clinical data is available that suggests the detrimental effect of immune
checkpoint inhibitor therapy on fertility, sexual health, or potential pregnancies. In this
manuscript, we reviewed the impact of immunotherapy on male and female fertility and its effect
on sexual health. Patients undergoing systemic treatment with immunotherapy often experience
sexual dysfunction, decreased sexual drive, erectile dysfunction, and a decline in vaginal lubrication.
Fertility-desiring patients who do not receive adequate counseling may ultimately face a higher
likelihood of developing anxiety, depression, and a decreased quality of life post-treatment.
Therefore, it is crucial to address the reproductive consequences of planned treatment, disseminate
knowledge about novel treatments and preventive measures for reproductive side effects, and provide
guidance on fertility preservation. Individuals experiencing secondary reproductive dysfunction
due to the tumor or its treatment should receive proactive treatment for the underlying condition
and be offered hormone replacement therapy.
The Effect of Foot Reflexology on the Sexual Function of Lactating Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Ghanbari Zahra , Valiani Mahboubeh , Kohan Shahnaz
Published: February 2025

Background:

Sexual health is an essential part of women's lives at different ages. Pregnancy,
childbirth, and breastfeeding can affect women's sexual function by inducing biological,
psychological, and social changes. Due to the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in lactating women
and the effects of reflexology therapies on it, this study was conducted to investigate the effect
of foot reflexology on the sexual function of lactating women.

Materials and Methods:

This randomized clinical trial was conducted in selected health centers of
Isfahan in 2022 on 64 lactating women (32 women in each group of intervention and control). The
samples were selected using the convenience sampling method and were randomly divided into
two groups with a random number table. Each participant in the intervention group received 10
sessions of foot reflexology, and each session lasted for 50 minutes (25 minutes for each foot) and
was held every three days. The female sexual function index (FSFI) questionnaire was completed
before the intervention and four weeks after the end of it. The control group received routine care
and completed the questionnaire before the intervention and 9 weeks later. Data were analyzed using
SPSS version 20 and independent/paired t-tests.

Results:

Data analysis showed that the subjects of the two groups were homogeneous in demographic
and fertility characteristics at the beginning of the study. The total mean score of sexual
function in the intervention group was 20.36 ± 4.16 before the intervention and 28.05 ± 2.89 after
the intervention. In the control group, this score was 20.51 ± 3.75 before the intervention and
20.54 ± 3.71 nine weeks after it. A comparison of the total mean score of sexual function and dimensions
showed a significant difference between the two groups four weeks after the intervention
(p <0.001). In the intervention group, significant changes were observed in the total mean
score of sexual function and its dimensions four weeks after the intervention compared to before
the intervention. However, in the control group, there were no significant changes in this score
and its dimensions nine weeks later compared to before the intervention.

Conclusion:

Based on the results of this study, lactating women in the two groups did not have a
desirable sexual function before the intervention. However, foot reflexology in the present study
could effectively improve the sexual function of women in the reflexology group. Therefore, it is
recommended to employ foot reflexology therapy in health centers to help lactating women restore
their sexual function.
Progress in the Transition-metal-free Approaches to Access Chiral
Silicon-containing Molecules
Authors: Jana Barnali , Madhukar Alok Kumar , Kumar Lalan , Paladhi Sushovan
Published: February 2025

Biological evolution has omitted organic silicon from the Earth's scab, which forms approximately 28% of the Earth's crust. However, there is a growing interest in organosilicon compounds due to their widespread use in organic synthesis, material science, agrochemistry, and medical research. Recently, there have been many applications of silicon-stereogenic organosilanes in
syntheses, medicinal chemistry, and functional materials, making them an important topic for research. However, in silicon, it is possible for the stereogenic center to be racemized as it can form
more than four covalent bonds. By overcoming this issue, transition-metal-catalyzed transformations
have achieved significant progress in the synthesis of silicon-stereogenic silanes over the last decade.
However, transition metal-free approaches are quite challenging with respect to the stability of the
chiral centers. This study will comprehensively summarize the advances in the transition-metal-free
asymmetric synthesis of chiral silicon-containing molecules. The mild reaction conditions and environmentally friendly reagents that are used in these organocatalytic methods make the process significant for the advancement of green chemistry.
Urgensi Penetapan Pedoman Standar Teknis Green Economy pada Undang-Undang No. 5 Tahun 1999
Authors: Hutrianto Felicia Michelle , Widhiyanti Hanif Nur , Alam Moch. Zairul
Published: February 2025

Green economy is an important foundation in achieving sustainable development, which integrates economic, environmental and social aspects. Green economy aims to create economic stability through optimizing energy and environmental balance in the production and marketing of green products which contributes to increasing GDP. However, there is no explicit regulation regarding the green economy in business competition law, which creates a legal vacuum. This research aims to examine the relationship between the green economy concept and business competition law, as well as identifying the legal implications of this regulatory vacuum. The method used is normative juridical, which examines relevant legislation and legal theory. The approach used is a statutory and conceptual approach, with data collection techniques through literature studies and primary and secondary legal materials. The research results show that the green economy is implicitly reflected in Articles 2 and 3 of Law no. 5 of 1999, especially through the phrase "public interest". However, this unclear substance has the potential to create inefficiencies in business competition, with challenges such as barriers to entry for new business actors, losses for first movers, and high production costs. This obstacle can trigger cartel practices and economic injustice that benefits large business actors. This research recommends the need for clear guidelines regarding the implementation of green economy technical standards, which balance the interests of business actors and the public interest, in order to prevent monopolies that harm business competition.
Formulasi Pengaturan Tata Cara Perizinan Pemanfaatan Kekayaan Intelektual Komunal Sebagai Bentuk Perlindungan Terhadap Komunitas Asal
Authors: Nugroho Reyhan Cahyo , Kusumadara Afifah , Widyanti Yenny Eta
Published: February 2025

Indonesia is an archipelago with diverse and abundant traditional cultures. With so many traditional cultures, there is a creation produced by the people of a region (Communal Intellectual Property). From the many cultural diversity in Indonesia with its uniqueness and selling value, it is currently starting to become a special concern of the government to be “sold” to the national and international cultural markets. However, there is currently no procedure for licensing the utilization of Communal Intellectual Property for Commercial. This research aims to analyze the formulation of licensing procedures related to the commercial use of communal intellectual property as a form of protection for the community of origin. This research uses normative juridical methods that are studied with statutory, comparative, and conceptual approaches. Analysis of legal materials used is through analytical descriptive method. With the results of the discussion, it can be concluded that there is an urgency to establish procedures for licensing the utilization of communal intellectual property as a protection of the community of origin in PP KIK. Then there is an appropriate regulatory model for Indonesia, namely by creating a KIK Special State Authority Agency; Determining the benefit sharing mechanism and its amount; Determining the mechanism for Prior Informed Consent; Determining standard clauses in licensing commercial use of KIK; Determining dispute resolution mechanisms.
Urban-Rural Differences in the Association Between Internet Use Trajectories and Depressive Symptoms in Chinese Adolescents: Longitudinal Observational Study
Authors: Liu Yujie , Ge Xin , Wang Ying , Yang Xue , Liu Shangbin , Xu Chen , Xiang Mi , Hu Fan , Cai Yong
Published: February 2025

Background

Internet use exhibits diverse trajectories during adolescence, which may contribute to depressive symptoms. Currently, it remains unclear whether the association between internet use trajectories and depressive symptoms varies between urban and rural areas.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the association between internet use trajectories and adolescent depressive symptoms and to explore variation in this association between urban and rural areas.

Methods

This longitudinal study used 3-wave data from the 2014-2018 China Family Panel Study. Weekly hours of internet use and depressive symptoms were measured using self-reported questionnaires. Latent class growth modeling was performed to identify the trajectories of internet use. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to examine the association between internet use trajectories and depressive symptoms, stratified by rural and urban residence.

Results

Participants were 2237 adolescents aged 10 to 15 years at baseline (mean age 12.46, SD 1.73 years). Two latent trajectory classes of internet use were identified: the low-growth group (n=2008, 89.8%) and the high-growth group (n=229, 10.2%). The high-growth group was associated with higher odds of depressive symptoms (OR 1.486, 95% CI 1.065-2.076) compared to the low-growth group. In the stratified analysis, the association between internet use trajectories and depressive symptoms was significant solely among rural adolescents (OR 1.856, 95% CI 1.164-2.959).

Conclusions

This study elucidates urban-rural differences in the associations between trajectories of internet use and adolescent depressive symptoms. Our findings underscore the importance of prioritizing interventions for rural adolescents’ internet use behaviors to mitigate negative effects on their mental health.
Data-Sharing Statements Requested from Clinical Trials by Public, Environmental, and Occupational Health Journals: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Liu Yingxin , Zhang Jingyi , Thabane Lehana , Bai Xuerui , Kang Lili , Lip Gregory Y H , Van Spall Harriette G C , Xia Min , Li Guowei
Published: February 2025

Background

Data sharing plays a crucial role in health informatics, contributing to improving health information systems, enhancing operational efficiency, informing policy and decision-making, and advancing public health surveillance including disease tracking. Sharing individual participant data in public, environmental, and occupational health trials can help improve public trust and support by enhancing transparent reporting and reproducibility of research findings. The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) requires all papers to include a data-sharing statement. However, it is unclear whether journals in the field of public, environmental, and occupational health adhere to this requirement.

Objective

This study aims to investigate whether public, environmental, and occupational health journals requested data-sharing statements from clinical trials submitted for publication.

Methods

In this bibliometric survey of “Public, Environmental, and Occupational Health” journals, defined by the Journal Citation Reports (as of June 2023), we included 202 journals with clinical trial reports published between 2019 and 2022. The primary outcome was a journal request for a data-sharing statement, as identified in the paper submission instructions. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationship between journal characteristics and journal requests for data-sharing statements, with results presented as odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% CIs. We also investigated whether the journals included a data-sharing statement in their published trial reports.

Results

Among the 202 public, environmental, and occupational health journals included, there were 68 (33.7%) journals that did not request data-sharing statements. Factors significantly associated with journal requests for data-sharing statements included open access status (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.19-0.97), high journal impact factor (OR 2.31, 95% CI 1.15-4.78), endorsement of Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (OR 2.43, 95% CI 1.25-4.79), and publication in the United Kingdom (OR 7.18, 95% CI 2.61-23.4). Among the 134 journals requesting data-sharing statements, 26.9% (36/134) did not have statements in their published trial reports.

Conclusions

Over one-third of the public, environmental, and occupational health journals did not request data-sharing statements in clinical trial reports. Among those journals that requested data-sharing statements in their submission guidance pages, more than one quarter published trial reports with no data-sharing statements. These results revealed an inadequate practice of requesting data-sharing statements by public, environmental, and occupational health journals, requiring more effort at the journal level to implement ICJME recommendations on data-sharing statements.
Use of Clinical Public Databases in Hidradenitis Suppurativa Research
Authors: Liu Xu , Guo Linghong , Jiang Xian
Published: February 2025

In this viewpoint, we argue that recent studies using clinical public databases have revolutionized our understanding of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), a chronic inflammatory skin condition with significant impacts on patients’ quality of life. Our key messages are as follows: (1) these databases enable large-scale studies integrating genetic, epidemiological, and clinical data, providing crucial insights into HS’s genetic predispositions, comorbidities, and treatment outcomes; (2) findings highlight a strong genetic component, with mutations in the γ-secretase complex playing a key role in HS pathogenesis and shaping targeted therapies; (3) studies also reveal elevated risks for comorbidities like obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and systemic inflammation in patients with HS, with diet-driven inflammatory pathways potentially exacerbating disease severity; (4) while these databases offer unprecedented research opportunities, limitations such as data representativeness and quality must be considered; (5) nonetheless, their benefits outweigh potential drawbacks, allowing the identification of rare comorbidities, disease progression patterns, and personalized treatment strategies; and (6) increased funding for HS research is crucial to harness these databases’ full potential, develop targeted therapies, and ultimately improve patient outcomes. As HS’s impact is disproportionate to current research investments, we believe advocating for more resources and addressing database limitations will be key to advancing HS understanding and care.
Participatory Strategies to Enhance Resilience, Job Satisfaction, and Reduce Stress to Mitigate Early Retirement Intentions among Nurses: Protocol for a Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Derbel Ghada , Lecours Alexandra
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

As Canada's population ages, so does its workforce. Early retirement among nurses is on the rise and has become the norm within this workforce. It represents a major concern for maintaining an adequate and qualified workforce. On the one hand, the decision to take an early retirement is due to several factors, including occupational stress. On the other hand, low job satisfaction would exacerbate early retirement intentions, while resilience would be related to the intention to stay at work. Little is known about how to mobilize these factors to promote healthy job retention for nurses as they age.

OBJECTIVE

This study has three objectives: (1) explore the experience of aging nursing staff regarding their intention to take early retirement and the influence of occupational stress, resilience, and job satisfaction; (2) explore interventions used to optimize the influence of resilience and job satisfaction and to minimize the influence of occupational stress on early retirement; and (3) generate and validate participatory strategies tailored to the context of aging nursing staff to optimize the influence of resilience and job satisfaction and to minimize the influence of occupational stress on early retirement.

METHODS

A three-phase qualitative research design will be used. In phase 1, we will use an interpretive descriptive design using semi-structured interviews to explore the experience surrounding early retirement intentions and its factors among nurses. In phase 2, we will use a scoping review to explore interventions used to optimize the influence of resilience and job satisfaction and to minimize the influence of occupational stress on early retirement. In Phase 3, we will use the Technique for Research of Information by Animation of a Group of Experts (TRIAGE) method with a group of 8 participants. The TRIAGE method will allow us to generate and validate participatory strategies tailored to the context of aging nurses.

RESULTS

Initial results are expected in summer 2025. The findings of this study will be shared through multiple platforms to maximize their reach and impact. This will include publishing scientific articles, completing a research dissertation, and presenting at conferences. A concise summary document highlighting key findings will be sent to study participants, who will also have the option to receive links to the online publications derived from the research.

CONCLUSIONS

This protocol presents detailed information about the entire structure of the three-phased research project. Studying early retirement issues among aging nurses is essential. It promotes their health, retention and inclusion, recognizing their contributions to the sector.
Assisting medical students learning in renal ultrasound acquisition: Development of a deep learning-based feedback model (Preprint)
Authors: Hwang Andy Cheuk Nam , Singh Rahul , Barrett Elizabeth Ann , Cao Peng , Vardhanabhuti Varut , Ng Pauline Yeung , Wong Gordon Tin Chun , Co Michael Tiong Hong , Lee Elaine Yuen-Phin
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

Point-of-care ultrasound (US) training is increasingly integrated into undergraduate medical education, leading to huge demand for trained faculty members to provide training and feedback.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to develop an adjunct tool, a deep learning-based feedback model to facilitate student learning.

METHODS

Renal US images (n=2807) were utilized to train a cascaded deep learning-based feedback model, which classified images into 3 labels: optimal, sub-optimal and wrong. Sub-optimal images were further sub-labelled to images with artifact, incorrect gain and/or incorrect position. The model was deployed among year 5 students receiving bedside US training, who were invited to upload renal US images to an online platform for the model to grade the image quality and provide feedback. Mixed-method analysis was used. Students were invited to fill in an online questionnaire to evaluate their learning experience with respect to the effectiveness of the model in enhancing ultrasound training and its usability based on a 5-point scale. Focused group interviews were organized to gain more insights to the successes and challenges of implementation.

RESULTS

The cohort consisted of 231 year 5 medical students and 98 (42.4%) of them filled in the questionnaire. Among them, 32-48% found the model effective in assisting US training (score 4-5) and 49-75% were satisfied with the usability and their interactions with the model. Focused group interviews identified the model encouraged those who were able to regulate their own learning to be more engaged, but also recognised discordant curricular design and hardware limitations impeded the use of the model.

CONCLUSIONS

A cascaded deep learning-based feedback model was developed and deployed with positive responses from year 5 medical students receiving bedside US training to support self-regulated learning.
Conversational AI for Social Care in Older Adults: A Scoping Review Protocol (Preprint)
Authors: Brownson-Smith Rosiered , Ananthakrishnan Ananya , Hagen Oksana , Aly Amir , Jones Ray , Meinert Edward , Cong Cen
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

Social care systems worldwide face increasing demographic and financial pressures. This necessitates exploring innovative technological solutions to enhance service delivery without significantly increasing costs. Conversational interfaces, including interactive voice response (IVR), chatbots, and voice assistants, have gained traction as a means to improve accessibility and efficiency in social care. The rapid development of large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT has further accelerated interest in conversational AI. These technologies can offer intuitive interactions, particularly for individuals with limited digital literacy. However, their real-world impact, usability, and ethical considerations in social care remain underexplored.

OBJECTIVE

This scoping review aims to synthesise existing literature on the implementation, evaluation, and impact of conversational AI systems within social care settings for older adults. The review will identify best practices, current gaps, and future directions for research and implementation. Key research questions include: (1) How are conversational systems implemented and used for older adults in a social care context? (2) How are these systems evaluated in terms of usability and effectiveness? (3) What is the impact of conversational AI on social isolation, loneliness, and well-being among older adults?

METHODS

The review will follow the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) and PCC (Population, Concept, Context) frameworks. A systematic search will be conducted across five databases (IEEE, Web of Science, PubMed, ACM, and Scopus) for English-language articles published from 2019 onwards. Studies will be included if they empirically examine conversational systems' implementation, evaluation, or impact for older adults (aged 55+) within a social care context. Two independent reviewers will screen articles and extract data. A descriptive analysis will then categorise findings across key domains such as accessibility, usability, ethical considerations, and well-being outcomes.

RESULTS

The results will be included in the scoping review, which is expected to begin in March 2025 and be completed and submitted for publication by July 2025.

CONCLUSIONS

This scoping review will provide an overview of the role of conversational AI in social care, highlighting both opportunities and challenges in implementation. By synthesising existing research, the review will inform future developments in the use of conversational agents to improve social inclusion, engagement, and well-being among older adults.
Rapid Growth and Decline of China's P2P Loan Industry: An Analysis of Structural Risk and Regulatory Problems
Authors: ZHOU TIANHONG
Published: February 2025

The Chinese P2P lending industry experienced rapid growth followed by a swift decline, revealing structural risks and regulatory limitations. This paper analyzes the background of the industry’s growth and the causes of its collapse, focusing on key risks such as credit risk and liquidity issues. It also examines the impact of regulatory gaps and inadequate policy responses on the industry's downfall. In conclusion, the study highlights the urgent need for a long-term and consistent regulatory framework for the fintech industry, the enhancement of credit information systems, and improvements in financial consumer protection policies. The failure of China’s P2P industry provides valuable lessons for financial technology innovation and the regulatory design of emerging financial sectors, offering insights for sustainable development.
Modelling Cardiorenal Protection with SGLT2 Inhibition in Type 1 Diabetes – An Analysis of DEPICT-1 and DEPICT-2
Authors: Nardone Massimo , Kugathasan Luxcia , Sridhar Vikas S. , Dutta Pritha , Campbell David J. T. , Layton Anita T. , Perkins Bruce A. , Barbour Sean , Lam Tony K.T. , Levin Adeera , Lovblom Leif Erik , Mucsi Istvan , Rabasa-Lhoret Remi , Rac Valeria E. , Senior Peter , Sigal Ronald J. , Stanimirovic Aleksandra , Persson Frederik , Stougaard Elisabeth B. , Doria Alessandro , Cherney David Z.I.
Published: February 2025

Background:

Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors improve glycemia and reduce insulin requirements in type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes. While SGLT2 inhibitors lower cardiovascular disease (CVD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) risk in T2D, no dedicated cardiorenal outcome trials in T1D have been done to date. Using validated risk prediction models, this study evaluated the effect of SGLT2 inhibition on estimated CVD and ESKD risk in a T1D cohort.

Methods:

Demographics, medical history, and biomarkers were extracted from 1,473 participants with T1D enrolled in the Dapagliflozin Evaluation in Patients with Inadequately Controlled Type 1 Diabetes (DEPICT)-1 and -2 trials. Data at baseline, 24-, 52- and 56-weeks (four weeks post-drug cessation) were used to estimate 10-year CVD and five-year ESKD risk using the Steno T1 Risk Engine (SRE) and Scottish Diabetes Research Network (SDRN) risk prediction models. Risk reduction was determined based on relative change in risk from baseline between participants receiving dapagliflozin (pooled 5 and 10 mg) vs. placebo. Subgroup analyses were conducted by age, sex, diabetes duration, CVD risk and chronic kidney disease (CKD) status at baseline.

Results:

The relative change in 10-year estimated CVD risk (SRE: –6.50% [–8.04, –4.95%] & SDRN: –6.77% [–8.40, –5.13%]; all P<0.001) and five-year ESKD risk (SRE: –4.48% [–7.68, –1.28%]; P=0.006) were lower at the end of 24 weeks of dapagliflozin treatment compared to placebo. Further, the greatest relative change in 5-year ESKD risk was observed at week 56 (SRE: –12.84% [–16.65, –9.03%]; P<0.001), in conjunction with an expected rise in estimated glomerular filtration rate post-drug washout. Subgroup analysis revealed larger relative lowering in 10-year CVD risk in those with CKD compared to those without (SRE: –11.3% vs –5.9%, & SDRN: –11.9% vs –6.1%, respectively; all P
interaction<0.02).

Conclusion:

Dapagliflozin improves estimated CVD and ESKD risk in T1D participants, emphasizing the need for cardiorenal outcome trials in people living with T1D.
Palestinian Women’s Organisations: Their Challenging Journey towards Women’s Empowerment
Authors: Abuiyada Reem
Published: February 2025

Palestinian Women’s organisations have a very important role in the Palestine civil society. The development of these organization is well recognized and they reached their peak at the beginning of the INTIFADA.Until the creation of the Palestinian Authority (PA), women’s organisations formed part of the national struggle against the Israeli occupation, and their agenda was subordinate to that of the national movement. In the late 1980s, however, a process of transformation was initiated that provided women’s organisations with the opportunity to focus on women’s issues. Indeed, since the creation of the PA, women’s organisations have focused almost exclusively on women’s issues. The PA, in contrast, has attempted to marginalize women, as reflected in the process of its consolidation. As a result, women’s organisations have attempted to influence PA policy with the objective of improving the position of women in Palestinian society. This paper examines the means and strategies that the Palestinian Women’s Organisations have adopted to influence Palestinian Authority (PA) policy.
Research on the Application of Case Teaching Method in Business English Writing
Authors: Li Ziyuan
Published: February 2025

This paper reviews the relevant research on the application of case teaching method in writing teaching in China from 2003 to 2023, and summarizes four themes: the applicable course type of case teaching method, the applicable object of case teaching method, the construction of case database, and the applicability of case teaching method in business English teaching. On the basis of literature combing and analysis, this paper points out that this field is facing some problems, such as the lack of ability of teachers and students, the insufficient construction of case database and the insufficient breadth of research, and puts forward some suggestions and prospects for future practice and research of writing case teaching.
Intercambio de baterías, elemento clave para una electromovilidad sustentable: Recomendaciones de política
Authors: Correa Solis Natalia , Cedano Villavicencio Karla Graciela , del Río Portilla Jesús Antonio
Published: February 2025

En este libro se establecen las recomendaciones de política pública sobre la electromovilidad como una estrategia que contribuye a construir un sistema de transporte sustentable. Se resumen las características técnicas del intercambio de baterías enfocando hacia nuevas oportunidades de negocios. Se discuten los costos ambientales del sector de transporte eléctrico y se abunda en las políticas para transformar el sector del transporte en México hacia una movilidad eléctrica basada en el intercambio de baterías. También se presentan las acciones necesarias para introducir el intercambio de baterías en el transporte eléctrico en México introducción con beneficios sociales y oportunidades de negocios.
SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT EN PROFESORES DE EDUCACIÓN BÁSICA EN EL NORTE DE CHILE
Authors: Vega Donoso Ximena , Suárez-Amaya Wendolin , Ganga Contreras Francisco , Venegas Gómez Mabel , Santander Luis
Published: February 2025

Este artículo evalúa el nivel del síndrome de burnout y su relación con variables sociodemográficas y laborales en docentes de educación básica de colegios privados del norte de Chile, durante la transición entre pandemia y postpandemia. Utilizando un diseño cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal, se aplicó el Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) a una muestra de 50 docentes seleccionados aleatoriamente. Los resultados mostraron bajos de burnout en general. Se constató un alto agotamiento emocional, una despersonalización media y realización personal baja. Se observaron diferencias significativas en agotamiento emocional y despersonalización según la antigüedad laboral y la cantidad de hijos. La realización personal mostró niveles reducidos, lo que resalta la necesidad de intervenciones específicas para fortalecer este aspecto. Estos resultados muestran la importancia de diseñar políticas públicas y estrategias institucionales que prioricen el bienestar docente.
Peningkatan Tata Kelola Pemerintahan Desa Yang Baik di Desa Jelutih Kecamatan Batin XXIV Kabupaten Batang Hari
Authors: Safelia Nela , Friyani Rita , Yulmardi Yulmardi , Achmad Erni , Sam Iskandar
Published: February 2025

Fleksibilitas dalam mengatur daerah sendiri akan membuat pemerintah daerah lebih spesifik dalam memetakan prioritas kebutuhan daerah. Berdasarkan analisis situasi yang dilakukan terhadap Kantor Desa Jelutih dapat di identifikasi permasalahan-permasalahan sebagai berikut (1) Masih Kurangnya Pemahaman tatakelola pemerintahan dan keuangan desa yang baik sesuai dengan konsep good village govermance. (2) Kurangnya memahami secara jelas tentang perpajakan (3) Masih rendah Kualitas Laporan keuangan Tujuan dalam program pengabdian pada masyarakat ini adalah pendampingan dalam memperbaiki tatakelola pemerintahan desa dalam rangka mengoptimalkan penggunaan dana desa untuk pembangunan dan kesejahteraan rakyat Desa Jelutih Kecamatan Batin XXIV, Kabupaten Batang Hari. Dari kegiatan pengabdian yang telah dilaksanakan dapat ditarik kesimpulan, Peserta sangat merespon positif dan antusias dalam mengikuti kegiatan pengabdian ini dan peserta mendapatkan informasi tentang tata kelola pemerintahan desa yang baik, dengan adanya pelatihan ini aparat desa dapat memahami prinsip-prinsip good governance, yaitu akuntabilitas, transparansi, dan partisipatif sesuai yang tercantum dalam Undang-Undang Desa