bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Health Care Utilization and Medical Costs in Long-Term Follow-Up of Children Diagnosed With Leukemia, Solid Tumor, or Brain Tumor: Population-Based Study Using the National Health Insurance Claims Data
Authors: Miser James S , Shia Ben-Chang , Kao Yi-Wei , Liu Yen-Lin , Chen Shih-Yen , Ho Wan-Ling
Published: March 2023

Background

Childhood cancer survivors are at a high risk of medical consequences of their disease and treatment. There is growing information about the long-term health issues of childhood cancer survivors; however, there are very few studies describing the health care utilization and costs for this unique population. Understanding their utilization of health care services and costs will provide the basis for developing strategies to better serve these individuals and potentially reduce the cost.

Objective

This study aims to determine the utilization of health services and costs for long-term survivors of childhood cancer in Taiwan.

Methods

This is a nationwide, population-based, retrospective case-control study. We analyzed the claims data of the National Health Insurance that covers 99% of the Taiwanese population of 25.68 million. A total of 33,105 children had survived for at least 5 years after the first appearance of a diagnostic code of cancer or a benign brain tumor before the age of 18 years from 2000 to 2010 with follow-up to 2015. An age- and gender-matched control group of 64,754 individuals with no cancer was randomly selected for comparison. Utilization was compared between the cancer and no cancer groups by χ2 test. The annual medical expense was compared by the Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis rank-sum test.

Results

At a median follow-up of 7 years, childhood cancer survivors utilized a significantly higher proportion of medical center, regional hospital, inpatient, and emergency services in contrast to no cancer individuals: 57.92% (19,174/33,105) versus 44.51% (28,825/64,754), 90.66% (30,014/33,105) versus 85.70% (55,493/64,754), 27.19% (9000/33,105) versus 20.31% (13,152/64,754), and 65.26% (21,604/33,105) versus 59.36% (38,441/64,754), respectively (all P<.001). The annual total expense (median, interquartile range) of childhood cancer survivors was significantly higher than that of the comparison group (US $285.56, US $161.78-US $535.80 per year vs US $203.90, US $118.98-US $347.55 per year; P<.001). Survivors with female gender, diagnosis before the age of 3 years, and diagnosis of brain cancer or a benign brain tumor had significantly higher annual outpatient expenses (all P<.001). Moreover, the analysis of outpatient medication costs showed that hormonal and neurological medications comprised the 2 largest costs in brain cancer and benign brain tumor survivors.

Conclusions

Survivors of childhood cancer and a benign brain tumor had higher utilization of advanced health resources and higher costs of care. The design of the initial treatment plan minimizing long-term consequences, early intervention strategies, and survivorship programs have the potential to mitigate costs of late effects due to childhood cancer and its treatment.
Removing Biases in Communication of Severity Assessments of Intimate Partner Violence: Model Development and Evaluation
Authors: Sikstrom Sverker , Dahl Mats , Claesdotter-Knutsson Emma
Published: March 2023

Background

To support a victim of violence and establish the correct penalty for the perpetrator, it is crucial to correctly evaluate and communicate the severity of the violence. Recent data have shown these communications to be biased. However, computational language models provide opportunities for automated evaluation of the severity to mitigate the biases.

Objective

We investigated whether these biases can be removed with computational algorithms trained to measure the severity of violence described.

Methods

In phase 1 (P1), participants (N=71) were instructed to write some text and type 5 keywords describing an event where they experienced physical violence and 1 keyword describing an event where they experienced psychological violence in an intimate partner relationship. They were also asked to rate the severity. In phase 2 (P2), another set of participants (N=40) read the texts and rated them for severity of violence on the same scale as in P1. We also quantified the text data to word embeddings. Machine learning was used to train a model to predict the severity ratings.

Results

For physical violence, there was a greater accuracy bias for humans (r2=0.22) compared to the computational model (r2=0.31; t38=–2.37, P=.023). For psychological violence, the accuracy bias was greater for humans (r2=0.058) than for the computational model (r2=0.35; t38=–14.58, P<.001). Participants in P1 experienced psychological violence as more severe (mean 6.46, SD 1.69) than participants rating the same events in P2 (mean 5.84, SD 2.80; t86=–2.22, P=.029<.05), whereas no calibration bias was found for the computational model (t134=1.30, P=.195). However, no calibration bias was found for physical violence for humans between P1 (mean 6.59, SD 1.81) and P2 (mean 7.54, SD 2.62; t86=1.32, P=.19) or for the computational model (t134=0.62, P=.534). There was no difference in the severity ratings between psychological and physical violence in P1. However, the bias (ie, the ratings in P2 minus the ratings in P1) was highly negatively correlated with the severity ratings in P1 (r2=0.29) and in P2 (r2=0.37), whereas the ratings in P1 and P2 were somewhat less correlated (r2=0.11) using the psychological and physical data combined.

Conclusions

The results show that the computational model mitigates accuracy bias and removes calibration biases. These results suggest that computational models can be used for debiasing the severity evaluations of violence. These findings may have application in a legal context, prioritizing resources in society and how violent events are presented in the media.
Unassisted Clinicians Versus Deep Learning–Assisted Clinicians in Image-Based Cancer Diagnostics: Systematic Review With Meta-analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Xue Peng , Si Mingyu , Qin Dongxu , Wei Bingrui , Seery Samuel , Ye Zichen , Chen Mingyang , Wang Sumeng , Song Cheng , Zhang Bo , Ding Ming , Zhang Wenling , Bai Anying , Yan Huijiao , Dang Le , Zhao Yuqian , Rezhake Remila , Zhang Shaokai , Qiao Youlin , Qu Yimin , Jiang Yu
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

A number of publications have demonstrated that deep learning (DL) algorithms matched or outperformed clinicians in image-based cancer diagnostics, but these algorithms are frequently considered as opponents rather than partners. Despite the clinicians-in-the-loop DL approach having great potential, no study has systematically quantified the diagnostic accuracy of clinicians with and without the assistance of DL in image-based cancer identification.

OBJECTIVE

We systematically quantified the diagnostic accuracy of clinicians with and without the assistance of DL in image-based cancer identification.

METHODS

PubMed, Embase, IEEEXplore, and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies published between January 1, 2012, and December 7, 2021. Any type of study design was permitted that focused on comparing unassisted clinicians and DL-assisted clinicians in cancer identification using medical imaging. Studies using medical waveform-data graphics material and those investigating image segmentation rather than classification were excluded. Studies providing binary diagnostic accuracy data and contingency tables were included for further meta-analysis. Two subgroups were defined and analyzed, including cancer type and imaging modality.

RESULTS

In total, 9796 studies were identified, of which 48 were deemed eligible for systematic review. Twenty-five of these studies made comparisons between unassisted clinicians and DL-assisted clinicians and provided sufficient data for statistical synthesis. We found a pooled sensitivity of 83% (95% CI 80%-86%) for unassisted clinicians and 88% (95% CI 86%-90%) for DL-assisted clinicians. Pooled specificity was 86% (95% CI 83%-88%) for unassisted clinicians and 88% (95% CI 85%-90%) for DL-assisted clinicians. The pooled sensitivity and specificity values for DL-assisted clinicians were higher than for unassisted clinicians, at ratios of 1.07 (95% CI 1.05-1.09) and 1.03 (95% CI 1.02-1.05), respectively. Similar diagnostic performance by DL-assisted clinicians was also observed across the predefined subgroups.

CONCLUSIONS

The diagnostic performance of DL-assisted clinicians appears better than unassisted clinicians in image-based cancer identification. However, caution should be exercised, because the evidence provided in the reviewed studies does not cover all the minutiae involved in real-world clinical practice. Combining qualitative insights from clinical practice with data-science approaches may improve DL-assisted practice, although further research is required.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO CRD42021281372; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=281372
Experiential Teaching is more Conducive to Student Learning than Traditional Teaching
Authors: Wang Tian , Wen Jiahui
Published: March 2023

Some drawbacks of traditional teacher-centred teaching have gradually become apparent and have led to a growing interest in experiential teaching. Students and teachers are prominent participants in the teaching process, and their behavioural performance largely determines the learning outcomes. Likewise, a harmonious teacher-student relationship is essential to students’ learning experience. In this paper, we have analysed the impact of experiential teaching on three aspects: student engagement, teacher-teaching innovation and teacher-student collaboration, to show that experiential has clear advantages for student learning. However, some argue that the design and practice of experiential teaching are challenging for teachers and that the student-centred approach is not conducive to managing classroom order. This, therefore, suggests new elements for teacher education and schoolteacher training to avoid the gap between instructional design and practice. And further research is needed by educational researchers on how to manage classroom order in experiential teaching and to make students learn effectively.
Psychological Disorders among IT Professionals in Kerala
Authors: R. Johnson
Published: March 2023

The study conducted to explore the prevalence of psychological disorders like stress, anxiety and depression among IT professionals.310 subjects from 20 IT companies at Techno Park, Trivandrum, Kerala were selected. Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) was used for the study. The result showed that anxiety was the most prevalent psychological disorder followed by depression and stress. Psychological disorders like stress, anxiety and depression were also seen more among female employees than males.
Strategies of Resistance to the Patriarchal Coercion in Najat El Hachimi’s the Last Patriarch (2008)
Authors: Houssine Khadiri El
Published: March 2023

The focus of this paper, which is in the mainstream of cross-cultural representation, is on the resistance strategies used by Anglophone Arab women immigrant writers. Writings from the Arab diaspora in particular lay the way for challenging the binary opposition between various cultures, genders, races, nationalities, and so forth as well as the culture of exclusion and oppression. This paper argues that Arab women Diaspora writing commit itself seriously to the marginal and the oppressed where authors express their abilities to engage consciously in a political contest and willed protest against Orientalism and Patriarchy. Through a textual analysis of Najat El Hachimi’s Novel entitled The Last Patriarch (2008), this study attempts to trace the ways in which Arab female diasporic writers aim to go beyond the politics of exclusion, surpasses gender and sexual stereotypes and resists patriarchal regime in its many multiple forms and institutions. Therefore, Theories of feminism, postcolonialism and identity are used to analyze double oppression and identity formation in a context of precariousness.
Technical Efficiency Analysis of Fertilizer use for Oil Palm Plantations Self-Help Patterns in Muaro Jambi Regency using Methods Data Envelopment Analysis
Authors: Damayanti Yusma , Nainggolan Saidin , Nurchaini Dewi Sri , Rahmawati Silviana Eli
Published: March 2023

This study aims to analyze the level of technical efficiency of fertilizer use, describe the distribution of technical efficiency based on the characteristics of farmers, and analyze the determinant factors that affect the use of fertilizers in smallholder oil palm plantations in Sekernan District, Muaro Jambi Regency. The type of research used is descriptive quantitative research. The analytical method used to calculate the efficiency value of farmers is using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method with the input approach of Variable Return to Scale assumptions. This research was conducted in two villages, namely Gerunggung Village and Bukit Baling Village in Sekernan District, Muaro Jambi Regency and carried out from June 2022 to July 2022. The results showed that based on DEA analysis there were 9 farmers who farmers.The distribution of farmers' were technically efficient and there were as many as 48 technically inefficient. Technical efficiency based on farmer characteristics is found in farmers who have a land area of 1.5 to 4.5 ha with a percentage of 90 percent, with an age range of 50 to 54 years with a percentage of 33.4 percent, have experience in farming for 9 to 14 years and 27 to 32 years with their respective percentages of 33.4 percent, and the length of education 6 to 8 years of 66.67 percent. Based on the tobit regression analysis, the factors (determinants) that affect the technical efficiency of oil palm farming, the variable FFB price, length of education and farmer's age have a significant value of more than 0.05 or no significant effect on the technical efficiency of fertilizer use. As for the variable price of fertilizer, farming experience, land area has a significance smaller than alpha 0.05 which means it has a significant impact on the technical efficiency of using oil palm fertilizer in Sekernan District, Muaro Jambi Regency. However, simultaneously all independent variables have a significant effect on the confidence level of 0.05.
Cervical Cancer Care Seeking Behaviour Among Community Women, Jos-North, Plateau State
Authors: Ari Eunice Samuel , Dioso Regidor III Poblete , Sotunsa John Obafemi
Published: March 2023

Most people are infected with HPV shortly after the onset of sexual activity. The screening rate has not reached the WHO's target. This study seeks to assess community women's care-seeking behavior toward cervical cancer screening participation. A cross-sectional design was employed, community women who met the criteria for inclusion were given a self-developed questionnaire conveniently. Results show that the majority (51.9%) of women were between the ages of 21-29, majority (83.0%) had only one sexual partner, majority (75.0%) were extremely poor with very low yearly income of less than 284,700.00 Naira, and 19.3% experienced gynecological symptoms. Majority (78.5%) have the fear of being diagnosed with cancer, and 69.6% fear exposing their genital area. Women agreed that HPV is the causative organism of cervical cancer and husband do not allow someone to touch their wives’ private parts. They moderately agreed that a woman must obtain consent from her husband before going for screening, that exposing their private part is culturally inappropriate. Only 14.1% of those surveyed had ever undergone a cervical cancer screening. Among the respondents who had screened, 57.9% had bad experience. There is a significant difference between age group and screening where majority who had screened were older women within the age group 30-65 years (X2=8.402; P-value=0.005) and having gynecological symptoms has positive influence on screening participation (X2=7.422; P-value=0.012). The majority (92.6%) believed that husband involvement and the caregiver's friendly attitude are among other facilitating conditions to screening. In conclusion, there was low screening participation among community women. Women's knowledge of cervical cancer and screening did not translate into participating in screening. Low socioeconomic status has a significant impact on screening, screening rates were higher among older women than younger ones, and experiencing gynecological symptoms has a positive impact on screening. It was therefore recommended that interventions aimed at enhancing care seeking behavior based on women's needs be implemented.
Luis Herrera de la Fuente: creación intelectual e interpretación
Authors: Carrazco-López Graciela
Published: March 2023

El presente es una recopilación de una entrevista inédita realizada a Luis Herrera de la Fuente, compositor y director de orquesta. A través de la misma se hace una semblanza de su trayectoria, sus obras y su visión sobre los pilares de la música y aspectos relevantes de su trayectoria como músico e intérprete; así como director de orquesta sinfónica. Además de mencionar la influencia de Monteverdi y de otros clásicos en él.
conciencia del tiempo como enajenación de lo imaginario
Authors: Menchaca-Arredondo Ernesto
Published: March 2023

En el texto se cuestiona las formas como se asume la conciencia de nuestros tiempos, con un recorrido por las distintas maneras de conceptualizar la modernidad, su empleo y usos en distintas epocas y contextos; desde algunos autores como Castoriadis, Habermas, Jauss, Baudelaire. Con la finalidad de esbozar que presenciamos una desilusión de las modernidades. Se señala que hay una disociación de nuestra conciencia con nuestros objetos; de ahí que el movimiento incesante de los acontecimientos hace imposible su apropiación racional y, también (a partir de un replanteamiento de la discusión entre Hegel y Marx sobre la enajenación), se sugiere renovar las formas de pensar para recuperar nuestra necesidad de emancipación como autoconciencia de nuestro futuro, sobre todo porque hay nuevas formas de destrucción de lo imaginario.
False sero-positivity of Salmonella typhi Specific Antibody in Dengue and Corona Virus Infected Patients: An Observational Study
Authors: Singh Monica , Chakraborty Arindam , Tyagi Anuj Kumar
Published: March 2023

Typhoid fever is a major concern in developing nations. People living in endemic area may frequently get exposed to the typhoid bacilli and can carry some amount of antibody in their circulations which can easily lead to misdiagnosis during other febrile illness. To assess the frequency of false sero-positivity of Salmonella specific antibody in Dengue and COVID-19 patients. An observational case control study was conducted in a multispecialty teaching hospital in north India. A total of 110 serum samples which included dengue IgM positive patients (N= 40), COVID-19 RT-PCR positive patients (N=40) and control subjects (N=30) without any febrile illness were studied. All the samples were tested for Salmonella specific antibody by Widal test and by immune chromatography strip test (ICT). Patient’s detail were documented in a structured Performa. Out of 110 samples 63(57%) were male and 47(43%) were female with age mean age ±45 years. Among the dengue IgM positive patients 8(20%) patients sample showed significant O and H titre of Salmonella typhi (O:80; H:160) in Widal test. Similarly in SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positive patients sample 8(20%) patients serum sample showed significant titre of O and H antigen. In control group population significant O antigen along with H antigen of Salmonella typhi were observed in 2(6.6%) sample. False positivity in the serological test should be reported with caution and repeated test should be performed until the etiological agents were not confirmed, in this way we can minimize the misdiagnosis and can prevent the morbidity and mortality as well.
The Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Multidrug-resistant Hospital-acquired Staphylococcus aureus in Medina, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alahmadi Tahani F.H. , Alahmadey Ziab Z. , Elbanna Khaled , Neyaz Leena A. , Ahmad Iqbal , Abulreesh Hussein H.
Published: March 2023

Hospital acquired-Staphylococcus aureus (HA-Staphylococcus aureus), particularly methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), are an important source of nosocomial infections with high morbidity and mortality rates. Few reports showed that infections due to HA-Staphylococcus aureus in Saudi Arabia is increasing, particularly infections attributed to HA-MRSA. The study aimed to explore the prevalence and clinical characteristics of HA-Staphylococcus aureus for the first time in Medina, Saudi Arabia. A total of 1262 clinical samples of hospitalized patients were examined for the presence of Staphylococcus aureus through selective culturing on mannitol salt agar. Vitek Compact System and conventional methods were followed to confirm the isolates. Vitek Compact System tested the antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates whereas the standard PCR was employed to detect the genes encoding antimicrobial resistance (mecA and vanA) and virulence factors (tst, et, and LukS-PV). The overall HA-Staphylococcus aureus prevalence was low (6.58%, n = 1262) of which 84.34% (n = 83) were MRSA. Approximately, 57 samples of the 70 MRSA (81.5%) exhibited a multidrug-resistance (MDR) pattern. All the 83 HA-Staphylococcus aureus isolates were negative for the genes encoding toxic shock syndrome toxin, exfoliative toxin, and Panton-Valentine leukocidin. The study was conducted during the Covid-19 pandemic under partial lockdown, restricted hospitalization, and increased disinfection and infection control measures. Therefore, the low prevalence of HA-Staphylococcus aureus should be carefully interpreted and further multicenter investigations could reveal its true incidence in the city. The high prevalence of MDR HA-MRSA is alarming as it highlights inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions to counter staphylococcal infections. HA-Staphylococcus aureus investigated in this study might lack certain virulence factors. However, their MDR traits and invasive nature could worsen the situation if not properly handled.
Analisis Pengaruh Investasi Terhadap Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja Melalui Variabel Produk Domestik Regional Bruto di Indonesia
Authors: Taqiyyuddin Fadlullah
Published: March 2023

This study aims to find out how the influence of FDI investment, PMDN investment on Labor Absorption through the Indonesian Gross Regional Domestic Product variable in 2016-2021. The analytical tool used is Path analysis using panel data. The results showed that domestic investment and foreign direct investment had a positive and significant effect on PDRB. PMA and PMDN investments have a negative and significant effect on the workforce. PDRB has a positive and significant influence on the workforce.
 
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh investasi FDI, investasi PMDN terhadap Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja melalui variabel Produk Domestik Regional Bruto Indonesia tahun 2016-2021. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah Path analysis dengan menggunakan data panel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PMDN dan PMA berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap PDRB. Investasi PMA dan PMDN berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap angkatan kerja. PDRB berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap angkatan kerja.
Analisis Produktivitas Usaha Dagang Menggunakan Metode APC dan Craig-Harris di Kecamatan Kepanjenkidul
Authors: Pahlevi Dani Afrizal Putra
Published: March 2023

On the 2019-2021 productivity index for the APC method and the Craig Harris method, the material input composition is 51% in the APC method, -55% in the Craig Harris method, and the labor input in the APC method is a 61% reduction, Craig Harris method reduced -38%, APC method reduced total usage by 6% and Craig Harris method reduced -14%. While the energy input component of the APC method increased by 55%, the Craig Harris method increased by 29%, while the capital input component of the APC method increased by 53% and the Craig Harris method increased by 2%.
 
Pada indeks produktivitas metode APC dan metode Craig-Harris pada tahun 2019 sampai tahun 2021 dimana komponen input material pada metode APC 51% dan metode Craig-Harris -55%, input tenaga kerja metode APC 61% dan Metode Craig-Harris -38% serta input total metode APC 6% dan metode Craig-Harris -14% terjadi penurunan. sedangkan pada komponen input energi metode APC 55% dan metode Craig-Harris 29% dan input modal metode APC 53% dan metode Craig-Harris 2%  mengalami peningkatan.
Pertumbuhan Ekonomi dan Emisi Karbondioksida di Indonesia
Authors: Biatmoko Ivenda Septania Nuru
Published: March 2023

Economic growth has a vital role in the running of a country's economy. This research will look at the role of economic growth, investment, and net exports in influencing the development of a country's carbon dioxide emissions—the object of this research in Indonesia. This quantitative research type uses time series data with the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) technique in the multiple linear regression model. The research results on time series data, together with the variables of economic growth, investment, and net exports, show positive and significant results for Indonesia's economic growth from 1990 to 2019
 
Pertumbuhan ekonomi memiliki peran penting dalam berjalannya roda perekonomian suatu negara. Pada penelitian ini akan melihat bagaimana peran pertumbuhan ekonomi, investasi, dan net ekspor dalam memberi pengaruh pada perkembangan emisi karbon dioksida suatu negara. Negara Indonesia merupakan objek pada penelitian kali ini. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data time series dengan teknik Ordinary Least Square (OLS) pada model regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian pada data time series, secara simultan variabel pertumbuhan ekonomi, investasi, serta net ekspor menunjukkan hasil yang positif serta signifikan pada pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia tahun 1990 sampai tahun 2019.
Tenaga Kerja, Pengeluaran Pemerintah dan Sektor Potensial Sumber Daya Alam Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Provinsi Kalimantan Utara Tahun 2017-2021
Authors: Mu'min Chairil
Published: March 2023

This study aims to analyze the effect of the workforce, government spending and potential natural resource sectors on economic growth in North Kalimantan Province in 2017-2021. The data used is secondary data obtained from BPS. The analytical method uses panel data regression with the results seen, namely the Random Effect Test Method. The results of this study indicate that Labor, Government Expenditure, and Potential Natural Resource Sectors simultaneously influence economic growth in the province of North Kalimantan in 2017-2021
 
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh tenaga kerja, pengeluaran pemerintah dan sektor potensial sumber daya alam terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Provinsi Kalimantan Utara tahun 2017-2021. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari BPS. Metode analisis menggunakan regresi data panel dengan hasil yang dilihat yaitu dari uji Random Effect Metode. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Tenaga Kerja, Pengeluaran Pemerintah, Dan Sektor Potensial Sumber Daya Alam berpengaruh secara simultan terhdap pertumbuhan ekonomi di provinsi Kalimantan Utara tahun 2017-2021
Cluster analysis by group between learning motivation and academic adaptation to smart media utilization of beauty major Adolescents
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee Joo-young , Kwon Ki-han
Published: March 2023

Objectives This study clustered the perceived benefits, perceived sacrifices, perceived values, and academic adjustment of smart media based on academic motivation, growth mindset, academic expectations, and value-based acceptance model of beauty majoring youth. and identified significant differences in academic adaptation.
Methods The sample for this study was 581 middle school and high school male and female students majoring in beauty in Seoul were sampled. Individuals of similar types among research factors were grouped into categories, and cluster analysis of the overall approach for various attributes was performed, and F-test of difference analysis on academic adaptation between clusters was performed. Cluster analysis was conducted based on the collected research data.
Results First, the classification of group types was examined. As a result, the groups were classified into 4 types, and cluster 1 was classified into high multiple groups, cluster 2 high sacrifice, cluster 3 high, intrinsic cluster 4, and multiple bottom groups. Second, the average value of ANOVA for each cluster was. Significant differences between groups were confirmed according to perceived value and academic adjustment.
Conclusions This study confirmed the difference between clustering for academic adaptation through cluster analysis of learners' learning motivation and smart media in order to improve the academic adaptation of beauty major youth. Additionally, it was confirmed that the improvement of the learning environment had a positive effect on academic adaptation, and it was confirmed that a strategic approach according to the difference between groups was necessary. In future studies, it is suggested that a two-way longitudinal study of differences between groups and between individuals be conducted.
Critical Examination of Technology-Based Future School AltSchool on the Basis of Biesta’s Practical Intersubjectivity
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim Jiwon , Nam Mi-Ja
Published: March 2023

Objectives The purposes of this study were to critically investigate AltSchool, a technology-based future school that was once spotlighted for its innovative individualized model of learning, on the basis of Biesta’s concept of practical intersubjectivity. We hope to gain insights into what future education discourses should take into account by exploring the meaning of education.
Methods We reviewed Biesta’s concept of practical intersubjectivity on the theoretical level and used it to analyze AltSchool’s curriculum and implementation. We particularly focused on the idea of understanding education as dynamic and reciprocal process of meaning making, which is thinking beyond subjectivism.
Results AltSchool assumed education as individualized activities that follows rational and hierarchical principles and is acted out by individual sutdent subject and thus provided individualized learning that was guided by big data and algorithm. This approach overlooked the relational nature of education and caused teachers to take part mainly in technical interactions and accountability ambiguous. Moreover, it led to learnification of education in which spaces for cooperative inquiry on social and ethical responsibitilies of education were limited.
Conclusions Critical reflection on the purpose of education in a holistic life and the meaning of education as practical intersubjectivity should serve as a focal point of the discourse on future education.
A Qualitative Research on Workplace Learning Effort of Community Colleges
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee Kyoung mi
Published: March 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study was to reveal what effects and difficulties of efforts in aspects of learning and education when the main concept of workplace learning was introduced to increase the ROI effect of corporate agreement education projects.
Methods Based on the grounded theory, the research was conducted gathering information from the interview. It investigated cases of junior colleges that close to 5,000 graduates successfully hired at the contracted companies. One professor from a junior college giving up the business and 11 participating professors participated in the in-depth interview using phone, and there were four schools in the metropolitan area.
Results As a result of conducting vocational education for 5 years from the current high school, 11 instructors agreed with that a high learning level of exploration including inquiry mind is possible, and the 3 year project group presented strong positive opinion. There was a lot of perception that graduates chose early work experience due to family backgrounds difficulty, partial real worker lectures, field practice, and company problem-centered learning were evaluated as useful for cultivating field practitioner’s way of thinking. It can be interpreted as similar to Brunner’s main concept of discovery learning. Professors updated technology by buying new equipments periodically, leveled theoretical knowledge in average, made students get doing competency, in order to prevent their students from falling behind as future talent due to their SMEs work experience.
Conclusions Three specific research results, Germany University's dropout rate of 30%, 45% that is AI's job replacement rate of unskilled workers, and 65% of elementary school students who are unable to engage in current occupations, appeared in this study case. It seems that there is an oversupply of university education compared to business needs or job erosion due to automation is progressing rapidly. Regarding the effect of professional skill training, the development of big data and analysis system could result in workers’ de-skilling. Since it takes a lot of time to develop inquiry-based learning tasks, a guide and task examples of action learning are provided.
A Study on Research of Korean Textbooks in the Internet Era: Basic Research for the Development of Korean Teaching Materials’ Class
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim Minyoung
Published: March 2023

Objectives This study was written for the purpose of examining the research trend of Korean textbooks according to technological development for ‘content development’ of Korean textbook theory class for the Internet age.
Methods This study conducted keywords search on RISS and reviewed 270 studies. This study was divided into three categories. First, research on multimedia textbooks was discussed. Second, research on ‘digital textbooks’, which is opposed to the concept of paper textbooks, was analyzed. Finally, Metaverse Korean education research was reviewed.
Results First, since multimedia is already widely used as a textbook and a tool, research on it is very active and it is expected to expand further in the future. Second, although the digitization research of Korean textbooks is currently in a leap stage, it is expected that innovations will occur in the future. Third, in the Metaverse study applied to Korean language education, there was no study related to the development of textbooks.
Conclusions The contents to be covered in the ‘Korean Textbook Theory Class’ can be summarized as follows. First, the perception of Korean textbooks in the Internet era is being reborn as a multi-dimensional material from a paper book. Second, we need a discourse on what needs to be discussed for the development of multimedia or digital textbooks. Third, it is necessary to insert program education so that some materials can be developed by instructors themselves. Since the definition of textbooks has been expanded, the ‘tools education course of textbook development’ for prospective teachers should be included as part of the textbook theory.
Forestry Workers’ Perception of Changes in Jobs and Duties due to the Technological Changes
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee Gun-Nam
Published: March 2023

Objectives This study was conducted for the purpose of analyzing eforestry workers' perceptions of changes in Jobs and duties according to the technological change
Methods A part of the survey used by Park(2017) was used, and 1,127 trainees of the Forestry Cooperative Training Center and Forestry Cooperative Training Center were surveyed, and data of 325 workers were used for analysis.
Results The average job change in the forest sector due to technological change perceived by forestry workers was 2.94, which was slightly lower than 3 points (no change). The average level of recognition of changes in the duties of forestry workers in the future was about 2.84, which was lower than 3 (duties will change) and higher than 2 (duties will change slightly).
Conclusions Forestry workers recognized that technological change that will occur in the future will affect the forest sector to some extent, and that the number of jobs in the forest sector will decrease due to technological change, and that changes in duties will also occur. On the other hand, the majority of respondents perceived that the period of change of duties are about 4-5 years after, and that about 50% of duties will be replaced.
A Study on the Moral Educational Meaning of Role Play in Elementary School: Focusing on the existential approach and implicit dimension
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kwak Young Kuen
Published: March 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study is to find the moral educational meaning of role play in elementary school, focusing on the existential approach and implicit dimension.
Methods To this end, it tries to find out about the role play presented in moral subject education and to show examples that can be applied in practice. Also, It seeks to find the moral meaning of role play in the realm of life that has not been expressed in moral subject education. At this time, it tries to grasp the curricular educational intention of the role play expressed in the moral curriculum, textbooks, and guidebooks. It seeks to discover what has not been illuminated through cultural anthropological, sociological, and especially philosophical approaches in the realm of life.
Results Role play is understood as important in moral subject education and other areas of life. In moral subject education, the role play class model is presented as a major teaching and learning method, and it is applied to various situations and is meaningful in terms of moral subject education. In addition, play and representation have important meanings in human life, and in particular, the meaning of role play in the existential and implicit dimension of teachers and students needs to be of primary interest in terms of moral education. This is because play can enable an existential approach, and the student's representation of the teacher's role is being made at an implicit dimension.
Conclusions Teachers should understand themselves and their students who participate in role play in the realm of life as well as moral subject education, and should reflect on the meaning of role play in moral education as a whole. Through this, better moral education will be achieved when understanding and practicing the existential approach and implicit dimension as well as the subject educational approach to role play.
Structural relationship among Elementary, Middle and High school Student’ School Cultures, Learning-based Instruction and School Life Satisfaction
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kwon Dongtaik , Kim Hyun-wook , Nam mi , Choi Jiyeon
Published: March 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze the structural relationship among elementary, middle and high school students' democratic school culture, learning-centered curriculum, and school life satisfaction, and to confirm the mediating effect of learning-centered curriculum in the relationship between democratic school culture and school life satisfaction.
Methods In this study, through a survey on school life satisfaction for 3,087 elementary, middle and high school students in K province in September 2022, a research model was set up with school life satisfaction as a dependent variable, democratic school culture as an independent variable, and learning-centered curriculum as a mediating variable. And descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis, and structural equation model (SEM) analysis were conducted using SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 22.0.
Results First, the fit of the causal model between elementary, middle and high school students' school life satisfaction, democratic school culture, and learning-centered curriculum was good, and the causal relationship between the variables was reasonably predicted. Second, both the direct effects of the democratic school culture and the learning-centered curriculum on the school life satisfaction of elementary, middle and high school students had a significant effect. Third, the partial mediating effect of the learning-centered curriculum was confirmed in the relationship that the democratic school culture of elementary, middle and high school students affects school life satisfaction.
Conclusions The significance of this study is to confirm that the learning-centered curriculum plays a significant mediating role and is an important influencing variable between the democratic school culture and school life for elementary, middle and high school students.
The Effects of University Students’ Online Class Structure Factors and Process Factors on Outcomes factors
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Song Youngmyung
Published: March 2023

Objectives The purposes of this study were to examine the differential effects of college students' online class structure factors and process factors on on outcome factors(online class satisfaction, learning outcomes).
Methods For the above purpose, the data of D university collected through 2021 Korea-National Survey of Student Engagement(K-NSSE) was used. Structure factors and process factors were independent variables, and the effects on outcome factors(online class satisfaction, learning outcomes) were analyzed using multiple regression models.
Results Structural and process factors explained 55% of the total change in online class satisfaction. In the case of the effect of structural factors and process factors on learning outcomes, 40% of the total change in knowledge and skills related to major and job, 19% of the total change in media competency, 33% of the total change in critical and analytic thinking skills, and total change in problem-solving competency.
Conclusions Based on the results of the study, the improvement directions were discussed and further studies were suggested. And this study was to provide empirical information to improve the quality of online classes in universities in the future by exploring factors that affect online class satisfaction and learning outcomes.
Соёлын агуулга бүхий зарим үг хэллэгийн орчуулгын тухайд
Authors: D. Suglegmaa , D. Jivaa
Published: March 2023

In this research work, we set goals to study translation methods, versions of text with cultural words to reveal possible near variations of historical and literary works. We have compared three versions of English translation of the Secret History of Mongols, which is the most important written source of Mongolian history and culture as well as tradition. Because of the text with cultural meaning, different techniques of translation were used in the works by Urgungu Onon, Rachewiltz Igor de and N.Dorjgotov and Z.Erendoo. We observed that equivalent, explanation, transcription, commentary note and direct translation methods were more convenient. Such studies in the field of translation is necessary that translation of texts with cultural meaning introduces our language and culture to other language speakers.
Analisis Pemanfaatan Media Sosial dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Bambang Siti Enik Mukhoiyaroh , Alfakihi Alfakihi , Heltien Deka , Handayani Handayani , Amelia Amelia
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pemanfaatan media sosial dalam pembelajaran bahasa dan sastra Indonesia yang digunakan guru dan siswa disekolah. Metode penelitian menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Data penelitian berasal dari kuisioner dan wawancara siswa dan guru bahasa Indonesia di  SMAN 6 Batanghari. Validitas data yang digunakan adalah triangulasi data melalui teori Miles dan Huberman. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa untuk memanfaatkan media sosial dalam pembelajaran bahasa dan sastra indonesia yang sesuai dengan era digitalisasi harus memperhatikan : 1)  keterampilan dan skill guru dan siswa dalam menggunakan media sosial, 2) Proses kegiatan pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan karakteristik siswa 3) Pemanfaatan media sosial dalam pembelajaran.

Kata kunci: analisis, pemanfaatan media sosial, pembelajaran bahasa dan sastra Indonesia
Direct Medical Costs and Accordance of INA-CBG's Claims on Covid-19 Patients at Anutapura Hospital
Authors: Tandah Muhamad Rinaldhi , Diana Khusnul , Adisaputra Arya Dibyo , Monica Shella , Azzahrah Fatimah
Published: March 2023

Background: The pandemic Covid-19 has had an impact on various aspects of life, both socially and economically. One of the government's responsibilities is in financing the treatment of Covid-19 patients, which is stated in the Decree of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number HK.01.07/MENKES/5673/2021 regarding technical instructions for claiming the cost of Covid-19 services. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the average direct medical costs and according to the INA-CBGs rates for Covid-19 patients and the effect of length of stay, severity and comorbidities on the total cost from a hospital perspective. Material and Methods: This study was an observational descriptive study, used a sample of patients diagnosed with Covid-19 inpatients at Anutapura Hospital Palu in 2020. The sample was used 134 patients, who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data collected includes patient characteristics, direct medical costs (consultation fees, visits, rooms, medical procedures, medical devices, examinations and drugs) and INA-CBGS rates. Results: the Covid-19 patients were hospitalized for 14 days (65.67%) with severe severity (92.54%), patients without comorbidities (comorbidities) (74.63%) and included in the group with INA-CBGs code was A-4-13-III (92.54%). The average direct medical cost of the patient was Rp. 5,371,333, with the largest cost being the room fee, which was 32.57% of the total cost. The average INA-CBG's tariff was Rp. 123,019,851.  Conclusions: The INA-CBGs tariff was higher than direct medical costs with a difference of Rp. 117,648,518. The results of the linear regression test, it was found that there was a partial or simultaneous effect between length of hospitalization, severity and incidence of comorbidities on total direct medical costs.