bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Subretinal Hemorrhage in Cytomegalovirus Retinitis
Authors: Freidlin Julie , Sharma Mithlesh C. , Goldstein Debra A.
Published: December 2019

A case of subretinal hemorrhage associated with cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in a human immunodeficiency virus–positive woman is described. The patient was found to have an exudative retinal detachment involving the fovea, subretinal hemorrhage, cotton wool spots, and active CMV retinitis temporal to the exudative detachment. No evidence of systemic coagulopathy was found. Although unusual, subretinal hemorrhage may be observed in association with CMV retinitis in the absence of a systemic coagulopathy. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2005;36:73–75.]
Emerging Food Allergy Treatments
Authors: Robison Rachel G.
Published: December 2019

Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated food allergy affects up to 8% of the pediatric population and occurs when a person develops antibodies to specific food proteins resulting in immediate reaction upon ingestion of the food in question. Current treatment revolves around strict allergen avoidance and prompt treatment of systemic, anaphylactic reactions with injectable epinephrine. However, despite strict avoidance, unexpected reactions are a significant problem. Therefore, therapeutic options for treatment of food allergy are in high demand. This article focuses on emerging therapies including oral immunotherapy, sublingual immunotherapy, epicutaneous immunotherapy, and possible adjunct therapies for the treatment and desensitization of IgE-mediated food allergy.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2019;48(12):e468–e472.]
A Phenotypic Female Adolescent with Primary Amenorrhea and Dysmorphic Features
Authors: Kanabolo Diboro , Rodriguez Joseph , Waggoner Darrel , Tucker Susan , Deplewski Dianne , Kaumeyer Benjamin , Lastra Ricardo R. , Gundeti Mohan
Published: December 2019

We report on a case of a 14-year-old phenotypic female with a microdeletion at 13q31.1-q31.3, dysmorphic facial and limb features, and neurologic symptoms. She presented to her pediatrician with concerns for delayed puberty, and laboratory analysis revealed hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. She was found to have an XY karyotype and streak gonads. Further genetic studies did not reveal another cause for her gonadal dysgenesis and, to our knowledge, an association with her known 13q-microdeletion has not yet been reported. Given the risk of malignancy with XY gonadal dysgenesis, the patient had surgery to remove the gonads and had no postoperative complications after a 6-month follow-up visit. We also discuss the role of the pediatrician in cases of delayed puberty, from initial diagnosis to definitive management.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2019;48(12):e495–e500.]
Sobre la prosificación poética en la obra de Partenio: la carta-prefacio de los Ἐρωτικὰ Παθήματα
Authors: Gallé Cejudo Rafael J.
Published: December 2019

La carta-prefacio de los Ἐρωτικὰ Παθήματα no puede ser interpretada de forma literal y sin tener en cuenta los tópicos y convenciones retóricas propias de la literatura prologal. El objetivo de este artículo es ofrecer un análisis de este breve texto desde los presupuestos programáticos de la poética helenística, poniendo especial énfasis en aquellos aspectos que pudieran estar en la base del fenómeno de prosificación de textos poéticos en este período.
Hacia la construcción semiótica del mundo. Las consideraciones de Adam Smith sobre el lenguaje
Authors: López Lloret Jorge
Published: December 2019

El presente artículo explora la aportación de Considerations Concerning the First Formation of Languages, de Adam Smith, al resto de su obra. Comienza analizando su estructura interna a la luz de sus fuentes documentadas, de la que se sigue un modelo lingüístico más constructivo que referencial. A partir del planteamiento inicial de que el lenguaje, ante todo, comunica necesidades, el autor conecta este germen del proceso de socialización con las obras publicadas de Smith, explicándolas como un desarrollo semiótico de la idea fundamental de que el ser humano no tiene una naturaleza definida, sino una historia abierta en la que tiene que hacerse a sí mismo.
“Acerca de” la controversia sobre “la relación entre teoría y práctica en la moral”
Authors: Iracheta Fernández Francisco Javier
Published: December 2019

En el primero de los tres ensayos que componen Teoría y práctica publicado en 1793, Kant se propuso contestar algunas objeciones que Ch. Garve hizo contra su teoría ética un par de años antes. La más importante de ellas es sobre la cuestión de la acción por deber, esto es, que “un hombre pueda tener conciencia de haber cumplido con el deber de forma completamente desinteresada”. En este trabajo, me propongo defender la pertinencia de la discusión contenida en este ensayo mostrando dos cosas: primero, que forma parte de una controversia entre Garve y Kant que trasciende, histórica y filosóficamente, al ensayo contenido en Teoría y práctica; y segundo, que por una confesión que Kant hace a Garve en el transcurso de la discusión, el argumento del “hecho de la razón” como presunta prueba de la realidad objetiva del motivo del deber se vuelve insuficiente para que Kant salga victorioso de la contienda.
Entre el pensamiento post-metafísico y el post-fundacionalismo. La relación entre lo lógico y lo ético en las actualizaciones contemporáneas de la Filosofía del Derecho de Hegel
Authors: Assalone Eduardo
Published: December 2019

La Filosofía del Derecho (PhR) de Hegel puede ser analizada, o bien con independencia de la Ciencia de la Lógica, o bien en base a las premisas metafísicas desarrolladas en esta última obra. en el presente artículo se enumeran las diferentes posiciones sobre esta cuestión y se agrupan los diversos intentos que en los últimos a.os se han llevado a cabo para actualizar la PhR. La distinción de cinco niveles de análisis de la articulación entre lo ético y lo lógico en la PhR nos permite concluir que tanto la tesis de la dependencia como la tesis de la independencia pueden ser compatibles entre sí dado que refieren a niveles distintos de análisis.
El concepto de “interpelación fantasmagórica”: una propuesta teórica a partir de Walter Benjamin y Louis Althusser
Authors: Berdet Marc
Published: December 2019

Este artículo quiere introducir al concepto de “interpelación fantasmagórica”. Este esfuerzo teórico está inspirado en los conceptos de “fantasmagoría”, de Walter Benjamin, y de “interpelación ideológica”, de Louis Althusser. El propósito es aliar sus respectivas filosofías en proceso en sus materialismos “antropológico” y “aleatorio” para un análisis socio-político de la estética capitalista de hoy, tal como aparece en la arquitectura posmoderna o en el diseño de la vida cotidiana. Se trata también de construir nuevas perspectivas de resistencias a la normatividad del imaginario consumista con una interpretación crítica de las creaciones culturales (teatro, cine…) que, según la inspiración de los autores, puede revelar un nuevo sujeto capaz de irrumpir en la escena de la historia.
La “disciplina” como categoría y la “disciplina institucional”
Authors: Bojanić Petar
Published: December 2019

El propósito del presente trabajo consiste en reflexionar sobre la disciplina como categoría (por oposición a otras posibilidades, tales como noción, estructura, norma, protocolo, etc.) y explicar el uso de comillas en el título, en la medida en que siempre pueden suponer una ampliación y una corrección de la palabra disciplina. mi intención es reconstruir la resistencia, que se ha extendido durante décadas, a la disciplina (como castigo, control, pedagogía violenta, militarismo, fanatismo, masculinidad, falta de libertad), así como descubrir el origen del elogio de la auto-disciplina, de la falta de disciplina y de la interdisciplinariedad. Asimismo, querría ofrecer algunos argumentos en favor de la disciplina como uno de los protocolos más importantes de la ontología social y como la incondicionada condición de la cooperación, la vida y el trabajo en grupo. La disciplina es el aprendizaje conjunto, así como la producción y el enriquecimiento del conocimiento que constituye y sostiene una institución. La cuestión es si, de hecho, la disciplina de los individuos hace de manera necesaria que una institución sea mejor o más justa.
La utopía y el giro epistémico decolonial en la práctica social
Authors: Garaicoa Ortiz Xavier
Published: December 2019

La episteme sobre la cual se construyó el conocimiento científico del mundo se fundamentó en procesos sociales, tecnológicos e históricos por medio de los cuales queda consagrada la supremacía de un tipo experimental de prácticas, excluyendo cualquier otro modo de saber, condenando estos al olvido, al menosprecio y el sometimiento. Con el transcurrir del tiempo se plantea la necesidad de recuperar esos saberes marginados y colonizados para que nos permitan una visión más completa y panorámica del mundo. El objetivo del presente estudio es examinar nuevos caminos a la interculturalidad que faciliten la construcción de un sistema de derechos para el “buen vivir” ciudadano en diversidad y armonía con la naturaleza.
Estilo y experiencia de valor en Deleuze
Authors: Blesa Aledo Belén
Published: December 2019

No sólo se escribe sobre ética y política, sino que hay una ética y una política del lenguaje y el pensamiento. La escritura y el estilo constituyen un problema filosófico que en este texto resulta guiado desde tres preguntas: por qué se escribe, ante quién y qué tipo de filosofía se elige. Son preguntas oportunas tanto en el ambiente académico como en el mundo en red, donde escribir ha pasado a constituir una especie de supuesto que pocas veces se cuestiona. El corazón del artículo se centra en abordar la escritura como un asunto de deseo tomando como referencia la obra de Deleuze y Guattari.
Valor intrínseco y valor extrínseco en ética ambiental. Una alternativa antropocéntrica al instrumentalismo
Authors: Hernández Betancur Juan Pablo
Published: December 2019

En primer lugar, el artículo se propone especificar el debate entre no-antropocentristas y antropocentristas como uno entre quienes defienden que el ambiente tiene valor intrínseco, esto es, independiente de cualquier relación con lo humano; pero moralmente vinculante, y quienes lo niegan, esto es, afirman que solo tiene valor extrínseco. El artículo argumenta a favor de la segunda opción, pero defiende que esto no debe ser un obstáculo para desarrollar ciertas preocupaciones ambientalistas, pues el valor extrínseco no se reduce al instrumental. En relación a esto, se presenta el sentimentalismo como una alternativa según la cual hay formas de valoración de las cosas como fines en sí mismas y no solo como medios.
« J’ai parlé à Dieu » : violences conjugales et impasses du système judiciaire brésilien
Authors: Cardoso de Oliveira Luis Roberto , Simião Daniel Schroeter
Published: December 2019

Les études ethnographiques réalisées dans diverses régions du Brésil prouvent que la judiciarisation des conflits, si elle est potentiellement bénéfique, n’entraîne qu’une réduction limitée du nombre d’agressions contre les femmes. Dans cet article, nous traitons de ce sujet d’un point de vue plus large. À partir de recherches de terrain portant sur des procès pour des affaires de violences conjugales, nous essayons de comprendre en quoi cette judiciarisation contribue à engendrer un sujet moderne, qui conçoit l’égalité comme une valeur à part entière et le monde civique comme un espace où les individus doivent être traités de manière équitable.
Violence sexuelle et de genre à l’université : du secret à la bataille pour la reconnaissance
Authors: Almeida Heloisa Buarque de
Published: December 2019

Cet article examine, du point de vue d’une enseignante-chercheuse, des affaires de violences sexuelles et de genre qui ont bénéficié d’une large couverture de presse et qui ont donné lieu, en 2015, à la création d’une commission d’enquête du parlement de l’État de São Paulo. À partir de mon expérience de professeure en théorie du genre et d’activiste sociale, j’essaie de comprendre la bataille sémantique qui s’est jouée autour de la notion de violence sexuelle et de montrer que certaines de ses formes sont tolérées par les institutions voire qu’elles sont inhérentes à celles-ci.
Le Massacre des affranchis. Race, émancipation et la République de 1889 à São Luís
Authors: Gato Matheus
Published: December 2019

Cet article s’attache à la conjoncture des fusillades ayant visé les « affranchis monarchistes » le 17 novembre 1889 à São Luís do Maranhão. Le conflit qui, jusqu’ici a été peu traité par les historiens, résultait des tensions entre, d’un côté, les républicains qui, la veille, avaient annoncé dans O Globo la déroute du régime impérial et, de l’autre, un groupe important de Noirs qui menaçaient de détruire le siège du périodique et d’attaquer ses dirigeants car, comme en témoignent les archives, ils craignaient que la chute de la princesses Isabel remette en question la liberté conquise le 13 mai 1888. Cet événement est une précieuse clé analytique pour mieux comprendre les processus de racialisation de la société brésilienne après l’abolition. Il permet notamment de voir pourquoi, dans la périphérie économique et politique du pays, le changement de forme du gouvernement a suffi pour faire éclater, par le biais de la protestation des Noirs, les contradictions de la réorganisation de la hiérarchie sociale due à la déstabilisation du monde des seigneurs de la terre.
Comment penser le pouvoir d’agir dans un contexte de travail médiatisé et à distance ?
Authors: Enel Lucie , Millerand Florence , Aurousseau Chantal
Published: December 2019

Appuyé sur l’analyse des conditions d’exercice de l’activité de télétravailleuses à domicile de deux entreprises (une agence de placement et une agence de chasseurs de tête), cet article propose de mieux cerner la façon dont la communication essentiellement médiatisée transforme les conditions du développement du pouvoir d’agir individuel et collectif. Les résultats montrent que le travail médiatisé, en répondant aux aspirations de conciliation entre les sphères privée et professionnelle, permet de développer du pouvoir d’agir individuel. Mais quand le cadre d’usage des technologies et/ou les conditions de travail et de rémunération empêchent la construction d’un collectif de travail à même de porter une critique sur l’organisation du travail, cela conduit à une absence de pouvoir d’agir collectif qui, dans certains cas peut restreindre le pouvoir d’agir individuel en le privant de sens. Cet article amène ainsi à réfléchir au renouvèlement des conditions de déploiement du pouvoir d’agir dans des organisations changeantes caractérisées par des médiations technologiques omniprésentes, face à une évolution des aspirations personnelles et à des trajectoires professionnelles transformées.
Naissance d’un « média jeune » et numérique : une quête d’empowerment sous contrainte
Authors: Caroff Coralie Le , Kervella Amandine , Matuszak Céline
Published: December 2019

Le 20 septembre 2017, un établissement culturel situé dans une grande ville du nord de la France, lance un « média jeune » dans le cadre de l’un des Programmes d’investissement d’avenir destiné à la jeunesse, porté par un regroupement de collectivités territoriale, le Commissariat général à l’investissement (CGI) et l’Agence nationale de rénovation urbaine (Anru). Ce média est lancé en partenariat avec une école de journalisme reconnue et une agence de production audiovisuelle numérique.
Les mobiles du développement : le téléphone portable comme outil d’empowerment des femmes des Suds ?
Authors: Dahdah Marine Al
Published: December 2019

Cet article étudie l’apparition de la notion d’empowerment comme catégorie du développement et son actualisation récente dans les programmes de développement qui utilisent le téléphone portable comme levier central d’action. Parmi les nombreux programmes de mDéveloppement qui émergent dans les Suds, cet article s’intéresse plus particulièrement aux dispositifs destinés à améliorer la santé. S’appuyant sur l’enquête d’un programme de santé maternelle par téléphone portable déployé au Ghana et en Inde, cet article se penche sur la promesse d’empowerment technologique d’un tel dispositif et questionne ses effets émancipateurs par l’analyse des asymétries multiples de savoir et d’accès qu’il génère. Grâce au téléphone portable, ce programme promet un accès universel aux savoirs sur la maternité, d’améliorer la santé des femmes et de compenser des inégalités de genre. Cette promesse rencontre sur le terrain de nombreuses résistances et les femmes ciblées témoignent des différentes failles du programme.
Se raconter sur le Web, une source d’empowerment pour les personnes atteintes de troubles mentaux
Authors: Rousselin Blandine
Published: December 2019

L’article s’intéresse à la façon dont les personnes atteintes de troubles mentaux utilisent les dispositifs numériques -blogs, microblogs, réseaux socionumériques, plateformes de partage de vidéos- pour prendre la parole et partager dans l’espace public leur expérience personnelle. Les personnes concernées peuvent vivre des situations stigmatisantes, des discriminations et la prise de parole à ce sujet n’est pas toujours évidente. Leurs troubles sont parfois source de difficultés dans leurs interactions sociales, mais les obstacles rencontrés viennent aussi de la dimension souvent taboue de ces sujets. L’objectif est donc de déterminer, avec une analyse de corpus et des entretiens semi-directifs, si leur pratique d’expression en ligne peut créer une situation d’empowerment dans ses dimensions individuelles et collectives et quelles sont les capacités qu’elle leur permet de développer.
Hacker l’Assemblée nationale pour redonner du pouvoir aux citoyens
Authors: Theviot Anaïs
Published: December 2019

Le double contexte d’appropriation croissante des dispositifs numériques et de rejet des élites politiques a contribué à faire émerger lors du temps électoral 2017 des formes alternatives de représentation politique. Ainsi le mouvement Ma Voix, né en septembre 2015, souhaite inventer une nouvelle forme d’expertise citoyenne et faire entrer le participatif à l’Assemblée nationale à l’aide des outils numériques. Nous souhaitons analyser les dispositifs numériques de cette expérimentation et les discours des membres de deux collectifs locaux à Bordeaux et à Nantes. L’ambition est donc d’étudier la méthodologie proposée par Ma Voix pour hacker le système représentatif de l’intérieur. Notre enquête s’appuie sur l’analyse du design et du contenu des dispositifs en ligne développés par Ma Voix, ainsi que sur une vingtaine de récits de vie des membres du collectif bordelais et nantais de Ma Voix. Cette étude de cas permet d’interroger l’usage du numérique dans les dynamiques d’empowerment citoyen, en portant le regard sur ses limites en pratique, lors d’une campagne électorale.
L’empowerment féminin noir sur YouTube en France
Authors: Silva Jaércio Da
Published: December 2019

Cette étude de caractère préliminaire a pour intérêt de contribuer à une réflexion sur la pratique militante des femmes noires sur YouTube, dans l’objectif de comprendre ses singularités. Plus particulièrement sur la production de six youtubeuses qui mènent un travail de « pédagogie », en ayant pour objectif d’interroger les productions médiatiques et culturelles sous le prisme de l’intersectionnalité. L’article est divisé en trois axes. Tout d’abord, une perspective socio-historique de la prise de parole des femmes noires en France. Ensuite, nous situons cet espace numérique de création dans une logique d’empowerment, en analysant précisément leur mode de production et leurs stratégies pour s’approprier collectivement d’une parole dite confisquée dans l’espace public. Finalement, nous introduisons quelques éléments permettant de réfléchir aux ambivalences de la réception de ce discours. Ici, la production d’information est un enjeu de lutte, dans la quête de produire d’autres manières de raconter le monde par la critique (Cardon et Granjon, 2013) ; l’attente d’une reconnaissance à la fois sociale et morale, et de lutte contre le mépris (Renault, 2000).
Get Out
Authors: Bush V Lawson , Bush Edward C. , Mahnzili Amiri
Published: December 2019

In this chapter, the authors propose that education, which historically has been mainly under the jurisdiction of religious institutions and has been administered by spiritual leaders and attendants, is a sacred and spiritual transaction. Thus, churches and schools are equivalent and have the same spiritual obligation, which is to create in an individual a new spirit. Given the spiritual nature of education, we see the colonial schooling system as a conduit for spirit infusion that provides the opportunity for not only “acting White” but also for the possibility of becoming White by spirit possession. This line of thought leads to the main objective, which is to dismantle current notions of African American student success that is often positioned as going to or graduating from college rather than getting out of the schooling process altogether.
Anchoring Our Communities Through Service
Authors: Brown Brandon D.
Published: December 2019

Black communities and Historically Black Colleges and Universities are linked through shared history and purpose in the United States. Founded to provide Black citizens with a mechanism for education and social mobility, HBCUs continue to play a critical role in the shaping of Black communities throughout the country. At this critical juncture in the histories of Black Americans and Black institutions, it is critical to examine the role that HBCUs can continue to play in addressing the needs of Black people and Black communities. In this chapter, readers will engage in a dialogue with the author regarding the ways in which HBCUs can aid Black communities despite other phenomena occurring in society, such as gentrification, mass incarceration, and school systems that routinely disengage Black students.
Teacher Education Preparation at Historically Black Colleges and Universities
Authors: Jones Patrice W. Glenn , Davenport Elizabeth K.
Published: December 2019

Teacher education preparation programs provide the nation with its teachers. Education major and teacher shortages have been recorded and demonstrate a potential deficit between the number of American students and certified teachers, particularly with regard to Black American students and teachers. A further deficiency is noted among Black American teacher candidates who attend historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs). Thus, this chapter (1) identifies the historical evolution of African American teachers, (2) examines the role of teacher education preparation programs at historically Black colleges and universities, and (3) highlights the significance of community-based strategies to improve student interest in HBCU teacher education preparation programs.
Education's “Talented Tenth”
Authors: Jones Patrice W. Glenn , Glenn Rose B. , Haywood Lillian C. , Rolle Kevin A.
Published: December 2019

While the discourse on achievement among Black American students often includes the perspectives of researchers, teachers, and college/university faculty, retired educator views are often disregarded. Based on Du Bois's exertion about the Talented Tenth, who he recognized as “educational experts” and “seers” that serve as “leaders of thought and missionaries of culture among their people,” Black retired teachers and educational leaders are questioned about how to change Black student achievement trends, and included in this chapter are the recommendations offered by Black retired teachers and educational leaders—recommendations designed to bring about change in practice. Beyond adding to the discourse on Black student achievement, the chapter gives voice to retired Black educators whose years of professional experiences qualify them as “educational experts.”
Theoretical and Methodological Implications in the Information Modelling of Architectural Heritage
Authors: di Luggo Antonella , Palomba Daniela , Pulcrano Margherita , Scandurra Simona
Published: December 2019

This chapter considers the various potentialities and criticalities of HBIM systems. There is no doubt that the possibility of creating and organizing a graphical database representative of the material and immaterial values of the existing architectural heritage allows for the construction of an extremely rich information system. The sharing and implementation of BIM modelling allows the model to be enhanced with different data, while also presenting skills, concepts, and multidisciplinary themes. It also highlights the need to identify, in the context of HBIM, specific operational protocols so that the process can take place consistently with the intentions of documentation and sharing. Furthermore, the opportunities and complexities existing in the dialogue between HBIM systems and VR/AR technologies are highlighted, with a view to facilitating the consultation, verification, and control of data, directly through the model.
From Digital Survey to a Virtual Tale
Authors: Bolognesi Cecilia Maria , Aiello Damiano Antonino Angelo
Published: December 2019

Nowadays, the innovative learning methods, such serious games, have become the new frontier of education and communication; in architecture, the virtual reconstructions of historical sites in their current state, in their original appearance and in their evolution over the centuries have contributed to the development of digital technologies (such as digital survey, Virtual Reality, and Augmented Reality). This chapter describes the potentialities of new digitization technologies as tools to communicate and disseminate Cultural Heritage (CH) starting from its digital survey and a scientific research of historical sources. This research finds a new way to effectively tell the history of a monument and to transmit its value as a witness of ages that no longer belong to us, bringing it virtually to life. Specifically, the research group focused on the test of a digital workflow of surveying and modelling of some rooms of the convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan, that contain wonderful witnesses of Italian Renaissance characterized by a troubled history.
The Integrated Project for the Redevelopment of a Historic Building
Authors: Baiardi Liala , Ferreira Emerson A. M.
Published: December 2019

In a scenario influenced by innovation and new technologies such as the internet of things (IoT) that have projected us towards industry 4.0, the digital revolution has involved the construction sector and the entire building process. This research activity aims to deepen the tools at the base of the design and management processes to an effective development and respect for the environment. The text will illustrate the example of redevelopment of an existing building in response to new market needs and in line with the circular economy vision. The redevelopment foresees the integrated development of the architectural building project and the management of the building during his entire life cycle. The innovation authors intend to achieve aims to combine building automation with the quality of life through management techniques that exploit the best use of space and control of the eco-system of the building and the services provided.
Development of Robotic CAM System That Generates Online Motion Supported by CLS and NC Data
Authors: Nagata Fusaomi , Habib Maki K. , Kusano Takamasa , Watanabe Keigo
Published: December 2019

This chapter describes the development of a robotic CAM system for six-DOFs articulated industrial robot to generate online motion supported by cutter location source (CLS) data and numerical control (NC) data. The robotic CAM system realizes a practical data interface between industrial robots with open architecture controllers and commercially available CAD/CAM systems, and it includes functions that generate minute position and orientation components for real time motion control from CLS data and NC data without the need for teaching. The design principles of the developed robotic CAM system, and the experimental results on three real robots, RV1A, VS068, and FANUC R2000iC, are presented and demonstrated using both CLS and NC data generated through the developed CAM system.
Model-Based Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning by a Reward Occurrence Probability Vector
Authors: Yamaguchi Tomohiro , Nagahama Shota , Ichikawa Yoshihiro , Honma Yoshimichi , Takadama Keiki
Published: December 2019

This chapter describes solving multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL) problems where there are multiple conflicting objectives with unknown weights. Previous model-free MORL methods take large number of calculations to collect a Pareto optimal set for each V/Q-value vector. In contrast, model-based MORL can reduce such a calculation cost than model-free MORLs. However, previous model-based MORL method is for only deterministic environments. To solve them, this chapter proposes a novel model-based MORL method by a reward occurrence probability (ROP) vector with unknown weights. The experimental results are reported under the stochastic learning environments with up to 10 states, 3 actions, and 3 reward rules. The experimental results show that the proposed method collects all Pareto optimal policies, and it took about 214 seconds (10 states, 3 actions, 3 rewards) for total learning time. In future research directions, the ways to speed up methods and how to use non-optimal policies are discussed.
Socialist Architecture
Authors: Piotrowski Paweł Piotr , Kieżel Małgorzata , Wiechoczek Joanna
Published: December 2019

The goal of the chapter is to draw attention to the need to preserve selected examples of architecture built in 1945-1991 in the European Union countries of Central and Eastern Europe. The meanings assigned to the objects evolve, and along with social changes and changing awareness, architectural and urban value of the buildings from this period is more and more often noticed. Consequently, growth of their significance for development of tourism can be expected. On the other hand, they often constitute a dissonant heritage, and thus, more and more of them are demolished. This chapter presents the concept of dissonant heritage and justifies the relationships between characterised architecture. Attention is focused on the relationships between the need to protect it and the concept of sustainable development (including sustainable tourism). Examples of cities that have relatively big resources of this architecture are identified, and an attempt to classify them is made. Then tourist offer of these cities is analysed with respect to the use of the discussed architecture.
The Impact of Rural Tourism on Wellbeing
Authors: Avram Alina Cerasela
Published: December 2019

This chapter aims to enhance general knowledge about the impact of rural tourism on the wellbeing in a country that is known to have an impressive potential both on spa and rural tourism. The approach will take into consideration the new profile of tourists in recent years and the dynamism of the tourism field in Europe. Based on the research that the author has made in recent years on health tourism and wellbeing, expanding the scientific approach to the rural area represents the next step in her approach, given the potential of this field in Romania. The chapter will address the ways of capitalising on the rural tourism resources in Romania through the specific activities of the concept of “rural wellbeing tourism.” This model has been successfully developed and implemented in the Nordic countries, Austria, Switzerland, Iceland, and Canada, and it is considered a way to generate highly competitive tourism products.
Modelling and Designing the IMS-LD Models for Evaluation Space of a New Learning Management System
Authors: Ouadoud Mohammed , Rida Nouha , Chkouri Mohamed Yassin
Published: December 2019

The context of this work is that of designing an IMS-LD model for collaboration space of a learning management system (LMS). The work is specifically in the field or seeking to promote by means of information technology from a distance. The approach is to first think about the conditions for creating a real LMS between learners and designing the IT environment that supports this LMS. In this chapter, the authors try to adapt the IMS-LD model with a collaboration model for learning management system based on the social constructivism.
Efficient Energy Saving Cryptographic Techniques with Software Solution in Wireless Network
Authors: Sawlikar Alka Prasad , Khan Zafar Jawed , Akojwar Sudhir Gangadharrao
Published: December 2019

To reduce communication costs, to protect our data from eavesdropping and from unauthorized users, cryptographic algorithms are used. Cryptographic module has to be developed for combining the operation of compression and encryption synchronously on the file. The information file is preliminary processed and then converts into one intermediary form so that it can be compressed with better efficiency and security. In this paper an optimized approaching coding technique which deals with both the issues of size and security is introduced and characterized experimentally using the performance measurement approach java in which file of any data length can be practically compressed and encrypted using new encryption technique and a novel energy saving technique in wireless communication network with efficient hardware solution is presented. To improve the strength and capability of algorithms and to compress the transmitted data an intelligent and reversible conversion technique is applied.
A Novel Approach of Symmetric Key Cryptography using Genetic Algorithm Implemented on GPGPU
Authors: K. G. Srinivasa , G. M. Siddesh , Hiriyannaiah Srinidhi , Morappanavar Anusha , Banerjee Anurag
Published: December 2019

The world of digital communication consists of various applications which uses internet as the backbone for communication. These applications consist of data related to the users of the application, which is confidential and integrity needs to be maintained to protect against unauthorized access and use. In the information hiding field of research, Cryptography is one of the wide techniques used to provide security to the internet applications that overcome the challenges like confidentiality, integrity, authentication services etc. In this paper, we present a novel approach on symmetric key cryptography technique using genetic algorithm that is implemented on CUDA architecture.
A Novel Pixel Merging-Based Lossless Recovery Algorithm for Basic Matrix VSS
Authors: Liu Xin , Wang Shen , Sang Jianzhi , zhang weizhe
Published: December 2019

Lossless recovery in visual secret share (VSS) is very meaningful. In this paper, a novel lossless recovery algorithm for the basic matrix VSS is proposed. The secret image is reconstructed losslessly by using simple exclusive XOR operation and merging pixel. The algorithm not only can apply to the VSS without pixel expansion but also can apply to VSS with pixel expansion. The condition of lossless recovery of a VSS is given by analyzing the XOR all columns of basic matrixes. Simulations are conducted to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed scheme.
Eurasian Integration of Belarus as Path-Dependence
Authors: Treshchenkov Evgeny
Published: December 2019

There is a tendency to explain all the problems and choices made by the Republic of Belarus as a result of the policy of its leadership. This text offers a take on choices made by Belarus in favor of preserving and strengthening relations with Russia through the prism of the concept of path-dependence. Simply said, economic, social, and political circumstances determine the vector of development of the country since the collapse of the Soviet Union, as well as they frame and transform president Lukashenka's intentions. Thus, country's participation in the formation of the Eurasian Economic Union is a predictable step in a chain of interconnected choices that the Belarusian political elite have been making since the collapse of the Soviet Union. Special attention in the text is paid to what the analysis of the Belarusian case can tell about the nature and prospects of integration in the region.
Ethical Values and Responsibilities of Directors in the Digital Era
Authors: Windsor Duane
Published: December 2019

This chapter addresses the ethical values and responsibilities of corporate directors in the unfolding digital era. Explanation for directors of private or public companies in the digital era involves three principal dimensions. The first concerns the ethical values and responsibilities of any director defined independently of the company or industry or era. The second concerns the additional ethical responsibilities of a director in the digital era, which imposes further conditions on directors. These conditions are heightened for directors of high technology, digital era-oriented businesses. The third dimension concerns whether ethical values and responsibilities of directors vary across countries and legal systems. This dimension separates into legal standards for directors and cultural variations in attitudes and behaviors of directors and managers. The chapter offers real company illustrations for these three dimensions. The chapter recommends four solutions: better and better prepared directors, sounder regulation, and a more unified theory of ethics and responsibility.
Agency Cost Management in the Digital Economy
Authors: Zhdanov Dmitriy A.
Published: December 2019

The purpose of the present study was to find the answer to the following questions: How the growing digitalization will affect agency relations, an important element of corporate governance, and what preventive measures should be taken in this situation? Therefore, the impact of digitalization on opportunistic behavior and agency costs was reviewed. The analysis revealed that digitalization provokes reduction of information asymmetry, leads to a decrease in the initiative of top managers, thereby changing the preconditions of opportunistic behavior. On the basis of the ordinal approach, an original toolkit was developed, which made it possible to model the identified dependencies, transformation of the agents' utility in case the principals' demands altering, and to demonstrate ways to reduce agency costs by proper selection of candidates for top manager positions. In conclusion, by means of the developed toolkit, the methodological recommendations were suggested for selecting the agents during the process of recruitment, taking into account the impact of digitalization.
Benford's Law for Fraud Detection
Authors: Nunes Adriana , Inácio Helena , Marques Rui Pedro Figueiredo
Published: December 2019

In order to detect evidence of fraud effectively, it is essential for the auditor to be aware of new and differentiated methods. Thus, the auditor can identify and assess the risks of material misstatement so that auditing is as reliable as possible. In this sense, the relevance of the application of the Benford's Law arises in order to demonstrate that the identification of situations of greater risk of fraud is appropriate in auditing. The objective of this study is to analyze the behavior of 27,058 Portuguese companies.
Product Deletion and Sustainable Supply Chains
Authors: Zhu Qingyun , Sarkis Joseph
Published: December 2019

Products and their associated material, capital, and information are critical flows within supply chains. Supply chain management needs to facilitate product portfolio management. Some example activities include material sourcing, product design and manufacture, product delivery and transportation, product usage, and service. Closing the supply-chain loop, especially for sustainable supply chains, include end-of-life disposal and repurposing activities. Sustainable supply chain development typically focuses on three major dimensions of organizational competitiveness, economic, social, and environmental. Organizations make product deletion continuously. These decisions can profoundly contribute to sustainability. Alternatively, sustainability performance of various supply chain process and product or material flows may also be strategic product deletion reasons. This chapter will review the integration of product deletion with sustainable supply chain management. It will entail the impact of product deletion on sustainable supply chains.
Modelling Knowledge Sharing Behavior With Behavioral Intention and Interpersonal Trust
Authors: Dey Toshali , Mukhopadhyay Susmita
Published: December 2019

With the growing determination to sustain in the competitive market, organizations are focusing more on developing their knowledge management system. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of knowledge sharing intentions (KSI) and affective trust (AT) on knowledge sharing (KS) behavior of employees. Additionally, the mediating influence of affective commitment (AC) of the employees in this relationship is also studied. This study uses data from a sample of 246 managers in Indian private sector firms and employs a structural equation modelling approach to test the proposed hypotheses. The findings of this study show that contrary to the results of prior research, KSI does not affect KS behavior directly. Rather, it acts indirectly through AC, which is necessary for increasing employees' loyalty and willingness to share their knowledge. Moreover, the results indicated that AT has an indirect influence on employees' KS behavior via KSI. Implications and limitations and future scope of the study have also been discussed.
Knowledge Sharing in an Organisation
Authors: Harker Lee-Anne Lesley , Twum-Darko Michael
Published: December 2019

This chapter employed the moments of translation of the actor-network theory (ANT) to understand and interpret the sociotechnical knowledge sharing dynamics in organisations. Given the contextual and sociotechnical nature of knowledge sharing, a model constructed on the concepts of the moments of translation of the actor network theory (ANT), developed from a case study of a higher education institution (HEI) in South Africa, is proposed to help to understand and interpret the knowledge sharing challenges in organisations. A conceptual framework was developed within the context of ANT by adopting its ideals and principles to understand how to introduce and develop knowledge sharing within an organisation, using the moments of translation. As such, it was possible to determine why there is no network of aligned interest for knowledge sharing, and how to create a network of aligned interest.
Organizational Memory Systems in a Multi-Unit Public Organization
Authors: de Cuffa Denise , Kraemer Rodrigo , Steil Andrea Valéria
Published: December 2019

Organizational memory systems (OMS) are means used by organizations to retain and reuse their knowledge. This study identifies organizational memory systems and their use for performing daily activities in a multi-unit public organization. Data were collected through a questionnaire and observation. Analytical categorization of systems, descriptive statistics, and non-parametric test were used as analytical procedures. The results show the most of OMS store explicit knowledge, but the most accessed store tacit knowledge. Internal and external systems to organization were identified. Identification of external systems suggests existence of a thin line between what organization proposes and formalizes as OMS and the systems actually in use. These results indicate the need to research the properties of existing memory systems and those actually used in organizations.
Research Output on Maize (Zea Mays)
Authors: Suresh N. , Thanuskodi S.
Published: December 2019

This chapter attempts to analyse quantitatively the growth and trend of Maize (Zea Mays) Cereal Crop research in terms of publication output as reflected in web of science database. During the period 2008-2017, a total of 16,217 papers were published by the scientists respectively on Maize Crop. The study reveals that the growth of literature follows the exponential growth pattern. USA is the top country in Maize research with its contribution of 4,797 papers, which is (29.6%) of the global research output of Maize research followed by Peoples Republic China with 2,912 papers (18%); India was the fifth position in the Maize research with 1,560 papers (5.3%) and has liner growth pattern. The most preferred journals were the Agronomy Journal with 658 papers (4.06%) followed by the Crop Science with 427 papers (2.63%). The authorship pattern reveals that co-authored papers accounted for 97% of total output.
ShodhGangotri
Authors: Naseehath S.
Published: December 2019

ShodhGangotri is an open access repository of Indian research in progress which is a new initiative that complements ShodhGanga – the reservoir of Indian theses. ShodhGangotri hosts electronic version of approved synopses and research proposals submitted to the universities in India by research scholars for registering themselves for the PhD programme and reveals the trends and directions of ongoing research in India and helps to avoid duplication of research. This chapter examines the current status of ShodhGangotri in different aspects namely universities, issue date, discipline, and state. University-wise analysis shows that 48% of the total number of synopses is submitted by Shri Jagdishprasad Jhabarmal Tibrewala University, 8.9% by Swami Ramanand Teerth Marthwada University, 8.7% by Dayalbagh Educational Institute, and 5.7% by Mahatma Gandhi University, and they occupy 1 to 4 positions, respectively. The chapter concludes with a suggestion that all universities and research institutions should make it mandatory to submit approved synopses and research proposals at the time of their PhD registration to make it experience the pulse of ongoing Indian research.
Effectiveness of Increasing Realism Into Cybersecurity Training
Authors: Beveridge Robert
Published: December 2019

This article describes how cybersecurity is a field that is growing at an exponential rate. In light of many highly publicized incidences of cyber-attacks against organizations, the need to hire experienced cybersecurity professionals is increasing. The lack of available workforce to fill open positions is alarming and organizations are finding that potential candidates with academic degrees and certifications alone are not as valuable as those with experience. Gaining rapid experience requires immersion into realistic virtual environments that mimic real-world environments. Currently, cybersecurity competitions leverage many technologies that immerse participants into virtual environments that mimic real-world systems to improve experiential learning. These systems are expensive to build and maintain, and to continuously improve realism is difficult. However, the training value of cyber competitions in which the participants cannot distinguish from real-world systems will ultimately develop highly experience cybersecurity professionals.
Developing a New Approach to Solve Solid Assignment Problems Under Intuitionistic Fuzzy Environment
Authors: Kumar P. Senthil
Published: December 2019

When people solve real-life SAP they tend to face the uncertainty state as well as hesitation due to many uncontrollable factors. To deal with uncertainty and hesitation many authors have suggested the intuitionistic fuzzy representation for the data. In this article, the author tried to categorise the SAP under uncertain environment. He formulates the IFSAP and utilizes the TIFN to deal with uncertainty and hesitation. The SAP has uncertainty and hesitation in cost/time/profit/production is known as FIFSAP. The PSK (P. Senthil Kumar) method for finding an optimal solution for FIFAP is extended to solve the FIFSAP and the optimal objective value of FIFSAP is obtained in terms of TIFN. The main advantage of this method is that the optimal solution/assignment of FIFSAP is obtained without using the Hungarian method and intuitionistic fuzzy reduction method. Moreover, the proposed method is computationally very simple and easy to understand. The numerical example is presented to demonstrate computing procedure. The results affirm efficiency of the proposed method.
PROSPETTIVE DI RICERCA SULLâ€™ETEROGLOSSIA A BASE ITALIANA
Authors: Iamartino Giovanni
Published: December 2019

By referring to the contributions included in this volume and pertinent critical literature, this paper aims to deal with some relevant features of literary heteroglossia and to suggest further reflections and research perspectives.