bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rapid Online Fault Diagnosis of High-Resistance Connection in PMSM Drive System through Self-Developed Dynamic Simulation Test System
Authors: Guo Wenchao , Yang Lin , Li Jilin , Deng Zhongwei
Published: April 2023

High-resistance connections (HRC) in permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive system is a precursor of uncontrollable overheating or fire. However, the current HRC test environment is typically founded on fixed resistors and lacks the capability to simulate the dynamic characteristics of real-world HRC faults in a manner of stepless regulation. To fill the gap, a flexible HRC injection strategy is proposed in this paper. This signal is stimulated by a high-frequency equivalent circuit regulated by closed-loop hardware feedback mechanism, which is then integrated into a self-developed HRC dynamic test system. Meanwhile, to reduce dependence on online resources, a rapid online diagnosis method for detecting HRC in PMSM is proposed. Based on the two-phase current, the negative-sequence currents are calculated and subjected to Fast Fourier Transform analysis, fulfilling the requirements of low computational burden and real-time performance. Furthermore, the fault indicators derived from the mathematical model of PMSM in abc framework are established to detect the HRC fault, obviating the need for additional voltage sensors. Finally, various experiments are conducted under different loads and rotational speeds. The experimental results show that the proposed simulation system can solve the problems of HRC simulation with quick responses, continuous control, and high robustness in high-power circuits. The results also prove that the proposed diagnosis method can not only effectively detect the location of HRC, but also can precisely calculate the resistance.
Influence of a volcanic eruption on a flight route: The case of the 2020 Taal eruption in the Philippines
Authors: Solodova Aleksandra , Takebayashi Mikio , Onishi Masamistu , Iguchi Masato
Published: April 2023

This study uses the case study of the 2020 Taal volcano eruption in the Philippines to analyze the influence of a large volcanic eruption on flight routing, by applying trajectory clustering technology and proposing ways to avoid accidents and system malfunctioning risks caused by the volcanic ash. We adopt the hierarchical density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (HDBSCAN) algorithm to classify the trajectories. Additionally, we use the Fréchet distance to measure the distance among trajectories of the same flight. We downloaded the observation data, recorded from January 1, 2020 to January 31, 2020, from Flightradar24 as well as the information of the diffusion of the volcanic ash from Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC). Through the case study, we found that (i) the airlines either cancel or reroute flights that fly through or near a heavily ash-contaminated area within 24 h; (ii) after 24 h, airlines have two options for flights that depart within a couple of hours: “keeping the special operation” or “getting back to the regular” in the case of the 2020 Taal volcano.
Post-midnight irregularities in the equatorial regions of topside ionosphere obtained by the CSES satellite
Authors: Wang Xiuying , Cheng Wanli , Zhang Xueqing , Zhao Guocun , Wang Qiao , Yang Dehe , Xu Song
Published: April 2023

The equatorial post-midnight irregularities, which has been less studied, are investigated using the in situ electron density (Ne) measurements from 2019 to 2021 obtained by the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES) orbiting in the topside ionosphere. Some results are obtained as following. (1) The equatorial post-midnight irregularities are distributed along the dip equator with a longitude variation pattern of wavenumber 4 and seasonal variation pattern of summer-winter peaks during low solar activity (LSA) period in the topside ionosphere. (2) The longitude variation pattern of post-midnight irregularities is consistent with that of the background Ne with the irregularities concentrated on the peaks of background Ne. (3) The occurrence rate of post-midnight irregularities increases rapidly with increasing solar flux, which can be attributed to the rapid increase in the background Ne during LSA period; moreover, growth rate of occurrence rate is different across different longitudes, with the Pacific and the Atlantic longitudes being the most outstanding regions. (4) The similar characteristics for both post-midnight and post-sunset irregularities suggests they may have similar generation mechanisms, which are supported by the fact that conditions favorable to post-sunset irregularity generation can appear at midnight hours during LSA period. Since there have been far fewer post-midnight irregularity studies compared to post-sunset irregularity studies, much more work is still required to understand its generation mechanisms. The large number of post-midnight Ne measurements from the CSES satellite provides a good opportunity for this study, which can help to understand the post-midnight ionospheric dynamical processes and their variations with solar activity, as well as to develop a more comprehensive irregularity forecast model.
Effects of graphene oxide addition in properties of shielded metal arc welding joints
Authors: Marques Igor J. , López Edwar A.T. , Lima Nathalia BD , Barros Bráulio S. , Santos Tiago F.A.
Published: April 2023

Graphene and its derivative materials have been receiving the attention of researchers worldwide, and these materials are being considered for many applications. In this sense, studies revealed significant improvements in the welding properties of the welded joint when graphene derivatives are used. In this work, graphene oxide was deposited in shielded metal arc welding E6013 electrodes by dip coating, and bead-on-plate and joining welds were produced with and without graphene oxide addition. Further, structural and microstructural aspects of the welds were investigated by employing XRD, and SEM. In addition, tests of microhardness and corrosion were performed. The results revealed that the application of graphene oxide had promoted a slight increase in the microhardness of welds and did not promote deleterious effects on tensile mechanical properties. Furthermore, despite the lack of significant effects of graphene addition in microstructural development and mechanical properties, the weld metal obtained with graphene addition presented corrosion rates 30 times inferior compared to conventional electrodes and ten times less than the base metal.
The Isocyanide SN2 Reaction
Authors: Patil Pravin , Zheng Qiang , Katarzyna Kurpiewska , Domling Alexander
Published: April 2023

The nucleophilic substitution reaction (SN2) is one of the oldest, yet very useful organic transformations and has found widespread applications for the synthesis of drugs and natural products. Typically, cyanide, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, or phosphorous nucleophiles replace a halogen or sulfonyl ester leaving group to form a new bond between the nucleophile and the electrophile. Isocyanides display an unusual versatile chemistry based on their C-centered lone pair s and the C-centered p* frontier orbitals leading to radical, and multicomponent reactions. Surprisingly, the nucleophilic character of isocyanides has never been explored in SN2 reactions. We discovered that isocyanides react as versatile nucleophiles in SN2 reactions with alkyl halides in a general manner to afford highly substituted secondary amides by in situ hydrolysis of the intermediate nitrilium ion. The innovative 3-component reaction has a broad scope regarding the structures of the isocyanide and electrophile components, functional group compatibility, scalability, use for late-stage modification of a drug and synthesis of highly complex compounds otherwise not easily accessible from simple precursors. The chemical space of the new reaction is not only different but nearly doubled in size compared to the classical amid coupling. Significantly, the isocyanide nucleophile comprises an unusual Umpolung amide carbanion synthon R-NHC(-)=O, useful as an alternative to the classical amide coupling.
Hydrogel encapsulated stem cells facilitate successful repair after spinal cord injury in rats and monkeys
Authors: Li Tianqing , Li Pengfei , Yuan Hao , chen Yanyin , Zhu Xiaoqing , Xiong Liulin , Zhao Shumei , Li Jun , Chen Tingwei , Ai Zongyong , Cai Hongzhi , Feng Chun , Li Yong , Wang Jiaojian , Niu Yongming , Liu Jinxiang , Ji Weizhi , Zhang Lei , Wang Tinghua
Published: April 2023

Promoting axonal regeneration to form nascent circuits after spinal cord injury (SCI) is a considerable challenge. While cell-based transplantation is considered a top candidate for SCI therapeutics, limited anatomical structure repair and slight functional recovery have prevented translation to the clinic. Here we develop a biodegradable hydrogel to encapsulate GMP-produced human neuroepithelial stem cells (NESCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) individually or in combination. When grafted into completely transected SCI rats, hydrogel-encapsulated stem cells elicit robust endogenous axonal regrowth across lesions to reestablish functional connections, and rats recover both locomotor and bladder function. Combined delivery of NESCs and MSCs (NESC + MSC) brings the best therapeutic recovery. In this condition, regenerating axons adopt a linear axonal alignment, similar to an intact spinal cord. When MSC + NESC are implanted into quarter-sectioned SCI adult monkeys (Macaca mulatta), behavior, electrophysiology, diffusion tensor imaging and histopathology analyses demonstrate robust axonal regeneration to form nascent circuits accompanied by substantial motor functional recovery of complete paralyzed limbs to walk with weight. Mechanistically, hydrogel-encapsulated stem cells activate endogenous axon regeneration, decrease inflammation, and reduce activated microglia and glial scar formation. These preclinical findings support translation of this method to human SCI repair.
Preventing Contrast-Induced acute kidney injury in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease Undergoing PCI:A Propensity Score-Matched Evaluation of the Efficacy of Compound Danshen Dripping Pills
Authors: Zhao Zhicheng , Ying Shuo , Fu Han , Wan Yu , Li Xiaoyu , Fu Naikuan , Zhang Peng
Published: April 2023

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the potential preventive effect of Danshen Dripping Pills (CDDP) on contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI) in patients with coronary heart disease after stent implantation. Additionally, we aimed to explore the relationship between simple inflammatory markers and CIAKI.
Methods: A total of 423 coronary heart disease patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the Department of Cardiology at Tianjin Chest Hospital between 2020 and 2022 were initially selected for the study. After exclusion criteria were applied, propensity score matching was used to select 217 patients, with 103 patients in the CDDP group and 114 patients in the control group. Logistic regression analysis was used to compare the incidence of CIAKI between the two groups.
Results: The incidence of CIAKI was significantly lower in the CDDP group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that CDDP had a preventive effect on CIAKI (OR = 0.327; 95% CI: 0.067-0.915; P = 0.036). Furthermore, the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) was found to have a non-linear relationship with CIAKI occurrence, with a low LMR associated with a higher risk of CIAKI (OR = 0.662; 95% CI: 0.458-0.955; P = 0.028). A cut-off value for LMR still needs further exploration.
Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that CDDP may have a preventive effect on CIAKI in patients undergoing stent implantation after PCI. Furthermore, LMR, as a simple systemic inflammatory marker, may be a predictive factor for CIAKI. These findings could have important implications for the clinical management of CIAKI in patients with coronary heart disease.
The long-term changing patterns of suicide mortality in China from 1987 to 2020：continuing urban-rural disparity
Authors: Wu Yu , Su Binbin , Zhong Panliang , Wang Yiran , Huang Yueqin , Zheng Xiaoying
Published: April 2023

Background: Patterns in urban-rural, gender, and age suicide mortalities in China have shown dramatic changes over the past three decades. This study aimed to explore the long-term patterns of suicide mortality in China from 1987 to 2020.
Methods: Data on suicide mortality were derived from China's National Health Commission. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to explore changes in trends and age-period-cohort modeling to estimate age, period and cohort effects in suicide mortality from 1987 to 2020. Net drift, local drift, longitudinal age curves, and period relative risks were also calculated.
Results: (1) Crude and age-standardized suicide mortality in China showed continuing downward trends from 1987-2020. Rural age-standardized suicide mortality (net drift = -3.41%, p＜0.01) declined to a greater extent than in urban areas (net drift = -7.07%, p＜0.01), whose decline curve could be divided into three substages. Both period and cohort effects regarding rural areas declined more than urban areas; (2) Youngsters aged 20-24 were at the highest suicide risk, and suicide risk gradually increased with age after 60. Females, especially of childbearing age, had higher suicide risk than males, but there existed a trend reversal between genders in groups aged above 50; (3) Gender reversal of suicide risk after age 50 showed different trends in urban and rural areas. The gap in suicide risk between genders widens with age in urban areas, while the gap remains relatively stable in rural areas.
Conclusions: Suicide mortality in China continued to decline over the past three decades. Age, gender, and urban-rural disparities in suicide mortality have been continuing but show new patterns. Females of childbearing age and the elderly are at high risk for suicide. The slower decrease, high-risk groups, and the reversing urban-rural gender trends urgently require close attention and more targeted suicide prevention programs.
Predictors of medication adherence in a large one-year prospective cohort of individuals with schizophrenia: Insights from the Multicentric FACE-SZ Dataset
Authors: misdrahi david , Dupuy Maud , Dansou Yecodji , Boyer Laurent , Berna Fabrice , Capdevieille Delphine , Chereau Isabelle , Coulon Natahlie , d'Amato Thierry , Dubertret Caroline , Leignier Sylvain , Llorca Pierre Michel , Lançon Chritophe , MALLET Jasmina , Passerieux Chrisitine , Pignon Baptiste , REY Romain , Schurhoff Franck , Swendsen Joel , Urbach Mathieu , Szoke Andrei , Godin Ophelia , FOND Guillaume
Published: April 2023

Schizophrenia is characterized by the most salient medication adherence problems among severe mental disorders, but limited prospective data are available to predict and improve adherence in this population. This investigation aims to identify predictors of medication adherence over a one-year period in a large national cohort using clustering analysis. Outpatients were recruited from ten Schizophrenia Expert Centers and were evaluated with a day-long standardized battery including clinician and patient-rated medication adherence measures. A two-step cluster analysis and multivariate logistic regression were conducted to identify medication adherence profiles based on the Medication Adherence rating Scale (MARS) and baseline predictors. A total of 485 participants were included in the study and medication adherence was significantly improved at the one-year follow-up. Higher depressive scores, lower insight, history of suicide attempt, younger age and alcohol use disorder were all associated with poorer adherence at one year. Among the 203 patients with initially poor adherence, 86 (42%) switched to good adherence at the one-year follow-up, whereas 117 patients (58%) remained poorly adherent. Targeting younger patients with low insight, history of suicide, alcohol use disorder and depressive disorders should be prioritized through literacy and educational therapy programs. Adherence is a construct that can vary considerably from year to year in schizophrenia, and therefore may be amenable to interventions for its improvement. However, caution is also warranted as nearly one in five patients with initially good adherence experienced worsened adherence one year later.
Immune Response to Zinc Oxide Inhalation in Metal Fume Fever – Is the IL-17f the missing link?
Authors: Szűcs-Somlyó Éva , Lehel József , Májlinger Kornél , Tóth Fruzsina , Jerzsele Ákos , Csaba Kővágó
Published: April 2023

Metal fume fever (MFF) is a work-related disease caused by the inhalation of metal particles, including zinc oxide. Chronic asthma may develop as a long-term consequence of exposure, particularly for welders and metal workers who are most at risk. In this study, we investigated the effects of ZnO fume inhalation on multiple inflammation-related cytokine- and cytokine receptor genes in mice from lung and lymph node samples, to explore the role of these in the pathogenesis of MFF. In our experiments, the animals were treated with a sub-toxic amount of ZnO fume for 4 hours a day for 3 consecutive days. Sampling occurred 3 and 12 hours post-treatment. We are the first to demonstrate that ZnO inhalation causes extremely increased levels of IL-17f gene expression at both sampling time points, in addition to increased gene expression rates of several other interleukins and cytokines, such as IL-4, IL-13, CXCL5, CSF-3, and IFN-γ. Our animal experiment provides new insights into the immunological processes of early metal fume fever development. IL-17f plays a crucial role in connecting immunological and oxidative stress events. The increased levels of IL-4 and IL-13 cytokines may explain the development of long-term allergic asthma after exposure to ZnO nanoparticles, which is well-known among welders, smelters, and metal workers.
Wintertime ocean-atmosphere interaction processes associated with the SST variability in the North Pacific subarctic frontal zone
Authors: Fang Jiabei , Huang Qionghui , Tao Lingfeng , Yang Xiu-Qun
Published: April 2023

Recent research indicates that the midlatitude oceanic frontal zones are the key regions of ocean-atmosphere interaction. The thermal condition of midlatitude ocean in frontal zones can affect the atmosphere efficiently through both diabatic heating and transient eddy feedback. In this study, the wintertime SST variability in the subarctic frontal zone (SAFZ) of the North Pacific and the associated ocean-atmosphere interaction mechanism are examined based on observational and theoretical analyses. It is found that the SAFZ-related SST anomaly is characterized as a large-scale interannual mode that can persist during the whole winter, and that its evolution is accompanied with local ocean-atmosphere interaction processes. The initial anticyclonic surface wind anomaly associated with the weakened Aleutian Low forces a large-scale warm SST anomaly in midlatitude North Pacific by driving northward Ekman flow and downward heat flux. With the increase of SST anomaly, the air-sea heat flux exchange reverses, indicating that the ocean starts to heat the atmosphere. In addition to increasing the diabatic heating, the warm SST anomaly strengthens the SST gradient in the north part of SAFZ. The low-level atmospheric baroclinicity is adjusted to synchronize with the SAFZ correspondingly due to oceanic thermal influence, causing change of transient eddy activities. Though all the ocean-induced diabatic heating, transient eddy heating and transient eddy vorticity forcing are enhanced over SAFZ, the last physical process plays the most important role in shifting and maintaining the equivalent barotropic atmospheric circulation anomalies. Therefore, the ocean-atmosphere interaction provides a mechanism for the development and maintenance of the SAFZ-related anomalies of North Pacific ocean-atmosphere system throughout the winter.
Clinical features and a prediction model for early prediction of composite outcome in Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia: a multi-centre retrospective study in China
Authors: Yang Xue , Wu Man , Li Tangzhiming , Yu Jie , Fu Tian , Li Guoping , Xiong Huanwen , Liao Gang , Zhang Sensen , Li Shaofeng , Zeng Zhonghua , Chen Chun , Lu Ming , Zhou Zhiguo , Liang Benghui
Published: April 2023

Introduction: There has been growing concern about Chlamydia psittaci (C. psittaci ) pneumonia in recent years. C.psittaci pneumonia has atypical clinical manifestations and often ignored by clinicians. This study analyzed the clinical characteristics, explored the risk factors for composite outcome and established a prediction model for early predicting the risk of composite outcome among C.psittaci pneumonia patients.Methods We carried out a retrospective, observational cohort study in ten Chinese tertiary hospitals to investigate C. psittaci pneumonia. Only patients with confirmed cases of the disease were included, and their epidemiologic and clinical data were thoroughly collected and analyzed. The composite outcome of C. psittaci pneumonia was define as died during hospitalization, ICU admission and mechanical ventilation. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the significant variables. A ten-fold cross-validation was performed to internally validate the model. Additionally, we evaluated the model performance using various methods, including receiver operating characteristics (ROC), C-index, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), decision curve analysis (DCA), and clinical impact curve analysis (CICA).Results In total, 119 C. psittaci pneumonia patients were included in the study. The patients were randomly divided into training (n = 83) and validation (n = 36) cohorts. CURB-65 was used to establish predictive Model 1. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified three independent prognostic factors, including serum albumin, CURB-65, and white blood cell. These factors were employed to construct model 2. The model 2 had acceptable discrimination (AUC of 0.898 and 0.825 for the training and validation sets, respectively) and robust internal validity. Calibration plot demonstrated good agreement between the predicted and the actual composite outcome rate. In the training set, the specificity, sensitivity, NPV, and PPV for predicting composite outcome in nomogram model were 91.7%, 84.5%, 50.0%, and 98.4%, respectively. In the internal validation set, these values were 100.0%, 64.7%, 14.2%, and 100.0%, respectively. DCA and CICA showed that the nomogram model was clinically practical.Conclusions We developed a refined nomogram model for predicting the composite outcome in C.psittaci pneumonia patients. This nomogram model enables early and accurate C.psittaci pneumonia patients’ evaluation, which may improved clinical outcomes.
Research on the correlation between methyltransferase METTL7B and atherosclersosis
Authors: Wang Jie , Cheng Fei , Xiong Jian , Peng Xiaoyun , Zan Yuxin , Zheng Lina , Wei Lin , Li Xiao , Cao Zheng , Ding Yan , Wang Zhixiao
Published: April 2023

Background Atherosclerosis (As) is a serious threat to human health. Although glucose balance, lipid metabolism, inflammation and hypertension have been found to be closely related to AS, it is crucially unclear, whether methyltransferase (METTL) family members are involved in the occurrence and development of AS.Methods The differentially expressed genes of METTLs in AS and normal blood vessels in GSE43292 and GSE100927 databases were analyzed. Random forest screening was used to screen marker genes, and the intersection genes in two databases were selected, while GSE28829/GSE41571 and clinical tissue samples were used for verification. The databases were further used to analyze the tissue and cell localization of marker genes and their correlation with lipid metabolism and immune cell infiltration.Results There were 7 and 17 differentially expressed METTL genes in GSE43292 and GSE100927 databases, respectively. 7 and 10 AS risk genes were selected by random forest screening. METTL7B and METTL5 were verified as the intersection marker genes using GSE28829, GSE41571 database and clinical AS samples. Compared with the control group, the expression of METTL7B in advanced AS, AS rupture plaque and clinical heavy load plaque tissue significantly increased, and the ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of METTL7B in GSE28829 and GSE41571 was greater than 0.9. In addition, it was found that METTL7B was significantly correlated with lipid metabolism-related genes, and METTL7B could promote the formation of lipid droplets. METTL7B was positively correlated with immune cell infiltration and macrophage-mediated efferocytosis. Drugs such as FAD, Pralatrexate and Indinavir can act on METTL7B. This study reveals a new mechanism for the occurrence and development of AS thereby providing a potential target for the treatment of AS.Conclusion METTL7B can be used as a predictor and therapeutic target for AS.
Investigating the effect of educational and counseling intervention via smartphone on awareness and behaviors related to sedentary behavior and consumption of fast foods in women with high body mass index referring to comprehensive health service centers in Urmia in 2022
Authors: gangachin Sayeh Ebrahimi , Bayrami Roghayeh , Rahimi Bahlol , Masudi Sima
Published: April 2023

Background and purpose In addition to causing chronic diseases, overweight and obesity in women of reproductive age lead to fertility problems, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and psychological problems. Among the inappropriate behaviors affecting obesity are the consumption of fast foods and sedentary behaviors, which have the greatest impact on overweight and obesity, and require effective interventions. This study aims to investigate the effect of educational and counseling intervention through smartphone on awareness and behaviors related to sedentary behavior and consumption of fast foods in women referring to comprehensive health service centers in Urmia in 2022.Materials and methods In this experimental study, 106 women of reproductive age covered by comprehensive health service centers were selected by simple random sampling and assigned to two intervention and control groups. The tool used in the researcher-made questionnaire included demographic information, awareness questionnaire about sedentary behaviors and fast foods, questionnaires related to the consumption of fast foods and sedentary behavior. The educational intervention in the intervention group was carried out with a designed application. Data analysis was done with SPSS 20 software at a significance level of P < 0.05.Findings: According to the results of statistical T-TEST, there was a significant difference between the control group and the intervention group in terms of the mean scores of awareness about the consumption of fast foods (P < 0.001) and sedentary behaviors (P < 0.001) before and three months after the intervention. Moreover, the average consumption of fast foods (P < 0.001) and hours of sedentary behavior (P < 0.001) before and three months after the intervention showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups.Conclusion educational and counseling programs with the application can be used both to raise awareness about behaviors related to sedentary behavior and consumption of fast foods and to reduce the consumption of fast foods and behaviors related to sedentary behavior.
Cerebral Palsy – Early Diagnosis and Intervention Trial: Protocol for the Prospective Multicentre CP-EDIT Study with focus on diagnosis, prognostic factors, and intervention
Authors: Hoei-Hansen Christina Engel , Weber Lene , Johansen Mette , Fabricius Rebecca , Hansen Jonas Kjeldbjerg , Viuff Anne-Cathrine F. , Hahn Gitte Holst , Østergaard Elsebet , Duno Morten , Larsen Vibeke Andrée , Madsen Camilla Gøbel , Røhder Katrine , Elvrum Ann-Kristin Gunnes , Laugesen Britt , Ganz Melanie , Madsen Kathrine Skak , Willerslev-Olsen Maria , Debes Nanette Mol , Christensen Jan , Christensen Robin , Rackauskaite Gija
Published: April 2023

Background.
Early diagnosis of cerebral palsy (CP) is important to enable intervention at a time when neuroplasticity is at its highest. Current mean age at diagnosis is 13 months in Denmark. Recent research has documented that an early-diagnosis set-up can lower diagnostic age in high-risk infants. The aim of the current study is to lower diagnostic age of CP regardless of neonatal risk factors. Additionally, we want to investigate if an early intervention program added to standard care is superior to standard care alone.
Methods
The current multicentre study CP-EDIT (Early Diagnosis and Intervention Trial) with the GO-PLAY intervention included (Goal Oriented ParentaL supported home ActivitY program), aims at testing the feasibility of an early diagnosis set-up and the GO-PLAY early intervention. CP-EDIT is a prospective cohort study, consecutively assessing approximately 500 infants at risk of CP. We will systematically collect data at inclusion (age 3-11 months) and follow a subset of participants (n=300) with CP or at high risk of CP until the age of two years. The GO-PLAY early intervention will be tested in 80 infants with CP or high risk of CP.
Focus is on eight areas related to implementation and perspectives of the families: early cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), early genetic testing, implementation of the General Movements Assessment method, analysis of the GO-PLAY early intervention, parental perspective of early intervention and early diagnosis, early prediction of CP, and comparative analysis of the Hand Assessment for Infants, Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination, MRI, and the General Movements method.
Discussion
Early screening for CP is increasingly possible and an interim diagnosis of “high risk of CP” is recommended but not currently used in clinical care in Denmark. Additionally, there is a need to accelerate identification in mild or ambiguous cases to facilitate appropriate therapy early. Most studies on early diagnosis focus on identifying CP in infants below five months corrected age. Little is known about early diagnosis in the 50% of all CP cases that are discernible later in infancy. The current study aims at improving care of patients with CP even before they have an established diagnosis.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov ID 22013292 (reg. date 31/MAR/2023) for the CP-EDIT cohort and ID 22041835 (reg. date 31/MAR/2023) for the GO-PLAY trial.
The clinical significance of initial symptoms in endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer
Authors: Ono Maaya , Fukuda Mayu , Yamanoi Koji , Okunomiya Asuka , Sagae Yusuke , Sunada Masumi , Kitamura Sachiko , Taki Mana , Furutake Yoko , Horie Akihito , Yamaguchi Ken , Hamanishi Junzo , Mandai Masaki
Published: April 2023

Purpose Endometriosis is associated with various symptoms, but their severity varies widely from case to case. In this research we investigated the reality of symptoms presented by patients with clinically early-stage endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer (EAOC), and explored the relationship between symptoms and laboratory/imaging findings, pathological findings and prognosis.Methods This was a retrospective case-control study of patients who received initial surgical treatment and were diagnosed with clinically early-stage EAOC including ovarian endometrioid carcinoma (OEC), ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC), and seromucinous borderline tumor (SMBT). Patients with OEC/OCCC diagnosed between 2006 and 2016, and patients with SMBT diagnosed between 2006 and 2020 were included. Chi-square and Kaplan-Meier estimates were used for statistical analyses.Results A total of 107 patients (OEC, n = 31; OCCC, n = 39; SMBT, n = 37) were included. Fifty-nine (55.1%) patients presented with symptoms, and patients with OEC who presented with symptoms was significantly higher than that of others (OEC, 77.4%; OCCC, 43.6%; SMBT, 48.6%). The details of symptoms differed significantly among pathological types (lower abdominal pain/abdominal discomfort/abnormal bleeding, OEC: 11/8/9; OCCC: 6/12/1; SMBT: 15/5/3). Only in the OEC group, symptomatic patients showed significantly higher white blood cell (WBC) count and neutrophil/lymphocyte (N/L) ratio (symptomatic vs. asymptomatic, median: WBC count: 7250 vs. 5000, p = 0.008; N/L ratio: 4.6 vs. 1.7, p = 0.013). None of the asymptomatic patients showed recurrence during follow-up.Conclusion Patients with EAOC show varying symptoms depending on the histological type of the tumor. Laboratory findings underlying symptoms also vary by histopathological type, which may reflect the difference in carcinogenesis process.
Fracture Resistance of Dental Restorative Fiber-reinforced Composites- A Systematic Review
Authors: Selvaraj Harish , Krithikadatta Jogikalmat , Shrivastava Deepti , Onazi Meshal Aber Al , Algarni Hmoud Ali , Munaga Swapna , Hamza May Othman , Al-fridy Turki Saad , Teja Kavalipurapu Venkata , Janani Krishnamachari , Alam Mohammad Khursheed , Srivast Kumar Chandan
Published: April 2023

Large cavity designs and access cavities impair endodontically treated tooth fracture resistance. As the tooth's strength is known to reduce significantly after the root canal treatment, occlusal loading as a result of functions such as chewing, biting and certain parafunctional tendencies makes the endodontically treated tooth vulnerable to fracture. Hence, after endodontic treatment, it is vital to give adequate and appropriate restorative material to avoid tooth fractures. Accordingly, the choice for such restorative material should be dictated with the property of fracture resistance. The goal of this study was to conduct a systematic review and critical analysis of available data from in vitro studies examining the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth repaired with fiber-reinforced composites. A comprehensive literature search was performed using PubMed Central, Medline, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and LILACS. A manual search of the reference lists of the articles was also performed. Two reviewers scrutinized the papers for eligibility based on inclusion/exclusion criteria and extracted data. The studies were assessed for their potential risk of bias. A total of 15 studies met the inclusion criteria and were subsequently analyzed. Based on modified JBI & CRIS (checklist for reporting in vitro studies) guidelines, along with the methodology and treatment objective, we have formulated 13 parameters specifically to study the fracture resistance. The majority of the research had a moderate or high risk of bias. When compared to traditional hybrid composites, fiber-reinforced composites showed increased fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth in the majority of investigations. On the other hand, limited evidence was found for the bulk fill composites. Moreover, moderate evidence was found for the fracture resistance of inlays and fiber posts with fiber-reinforced composites for core build up in endodontically treated teeth. No evidence could be found comparing the fracture resistance of crowns/endocrowns and fiber-reinforced composites in endodontically treated teeth. According to the research, using fiber-reinforced composites instead of conventional hybrid composites improves the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth. However, there was a high risk of bias in the research considered. No judgments could be reached about the superiority of one material over another based on comparisons between other core restorations.
Wogonin preconditioning of MSCs improved their therapeutic efficiency for colitis through promoting glycolysis
Authors: Wu Mengye , Li Cuiping , Zhou Xue , Wu Zhiyong , Feng Jianqi , Guo Xiaolu , Fang Rui , Lian Qinghai , Pan Ming , Lai Xiaorong , Peng Yanwen
Published: April 2023

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are prevalent and debilitating diseases with limited clinical treatment strategies. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are pluripotent stem cells with self-renewal capability and multiple immunomodulatory effects, which make them a promising therapeutic approach for IBDs. Thus, optimization of MSC regimes is crucial for their further clinical application. Wogonin, a flavonoid-like compound with extensive immunomodulatory and adjuvant effects, has been investigated as a potential pretreatment for MSCs in IBD treatment. This research aimed to compare the therapeutic effectiveness of MSCs pretreated with or without wogonin. Compared to untreated MSCs, MSCwogonin (pretreated with wogonin) showed greater effectiveness in the treatment of colitis. Further experiments revealed that wogonin treatment activated the AKT signaling pathway, resulting in higher cellular glycolysis. Inhibition of AKT phosphorylation by perifosine not only decreased glycolysis but impaired the therapeutic efficiency of MSCwogonin. Consistent with these results, qPCR data indicated that wogonin treatment induced the expression of immunomodulatory molecules IL-10, IDO, and AGR1, which were reduced by perifosine. Together, our data demonstrated that wogonin preconditioning strategy further augmented the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs via promoting glycolysis, which should be a promising strategy for optimizing MSC therapy in IBDs.
Effect of Social Distancing Period on Oral Health Related Quality of Life in Shanghai: a representative cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang J , Hu XY , Shi JF , Xu JN , Fu YY , Chen D , Shi WT , Jiang Xinquan
Published: April 2023

BackgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to many visible public health responses and significant restrictions on society, but its implications for oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is relatively unknown. The present study investigated the association between the social distancing period and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in Shanghai.MethodsFrom July 9th to July 22nd, 2022 in Shanghai, 5,041 participants were recruited and completed a survey on demographic data, oral manifestations, oral hygiene practices, and a 14-item version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) during the past social distancing periods. After multivariate adjustment of covariates, the logistic regression analysis was fitted to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) to evaluate the association between the longevity of social distancing and the OHIP-14 scores increment. Causal mediation analysis was employed to evaluate the extent to which oral hygiene practices, oral symptoms, and weight change mediate the association of detrimental OHRQoL with the social distancing period.ResultsThe OR of OHIP-14 increment was largely unchanged with the selection of confounding factors adjusted, which is 1.26 (95% CI, 1.04–1.53) in one month, 1.33 (95% CI, 1.08–1.65) in one and a half months, 1.29 (95% CI, 1.03–1.61) in two months and 1.83 (95% CI, 1.51–2.22) in more than two months, compared to that in half a month respectively. The proportion mediated by rinsing frequency was 18.88% (95% CI, 3.73%-34.04%) in one month, 19.08% (95% CI, 3.65%-34.051%) in one and a half months, 41.3% (95% CI, 9.61%-72.98%) in two months, and 66.41% (95% CI, 50.07%-82.76%) in more than two months, respectively.ConclusionOur findings showed a detrimental OHRQoL during the prolonged social distancing period due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Policies approaching enhanced oral hygiene practices, especially rinsing serve as a protection of OHRQoL in the pandemic.
A structural approach to detecting opinion leaders in Twitter by Random Matrix Theory
Authors: Mohammadi Saeedeh , Moradi Parham , Trufanov Andrey , Jafari G.Reza
Published: April 2023

Social media is now one of the primary channels for consuming news. As a result, political figures and activists are increasingly using social media to push their interests. So, users who are influential in trends gain a lot of weight since they may change the narrative of the conversation. In this study, we employ random matrix theory to identify these influential users of Twitter in the 2021 Iranian presidential election. According to our research of trending hashtags, the most prominent people, in this case, were actually bots, showing the existence of coordinated and deceitful operations. Furthermore, we indicate which community has these leaders, implying that a specific community controls the trend of these hashtags. As a test case for our methodology, we use Twitter's popular hashtags for the Iranian presidential election in 2021.
Synthesis and Characterization of Shape Memory Poly (ε-caprolactone) networks with Programmable and Reconfigurable Shape-Morphing Behaviors
Authors: tian guangming , Zhao Shuo , Pan Longkai , Yang Dong , Ma Jianhua
Published: April 2023

Poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)-based semi-crystalline polymer are shape memory materials that has been extensively used in the biomedical field. Despite the large number of studies aimed at constructing the well-defined crosslinked polymer networks, detailed investigations of properties in terms of structural factors at the molecular level that influence the thermal-mechanical and shape memory properties are still poorly understand and investigated. In this work, PCL crosslinked networks with different molecular weight of diacrylate PCL prepolymers (Mn) are prepared via base-catalyzed Michael addition. The results indicate that the overall melting temperature, the crystallization temperature and the crystallinity of the networks exhibit an upward trend with increment of Mn. Besides that, the tensile strength and shape memory performance are also correlated with Mn. Controlled-strain DMA characterization on shape memory properties show that the cPCL-10000 network exhibits the most remarkable shape fixity and shape recovery ratio, indicative of lowering cross-linking density and chains mobility. In particular, editable shape memory properties can also be achieved by triggering transesterification within the same polymer network, and a possible molecular mechanism responsible for the elasticity-based shape memory effect and plasticity-based permanent shape reconfigurability is proposed and combined to present the shape-morphing behaviors.
Intraoperative serum lactate levels as a prognostic predictor of outcome for emergency abdominal surgery: a retrospective study
Authors: Sugita Shinji , Ishikawa Masashi , Sakuma Takahiro , Iizuka Masumi , Hanai Sayako , Sakamoto Atsuhiro
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND The relationship between intraoperative lactate levels and prognosis after emergency gastrointestinal (GI) surgery remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of intraoperative lactate levels for predicting in-hospital mortality, and to examine intraoperative hemodynamic managements.METHODS. We conducted a retrospective observational study of emergency GI surgeries performed at our institution between 2011 and 2020. The study group comprised patients admitted to intensive care units postoperatively, and whose intraoperative and postoperative lactate levels were available. Intraoperative peak lactate levels (Intra-LACs) were selected for analysis, and in-hospital mortality was set as the primary outcome. The prognostic value of intra-LAC was assessed using logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.RESULTS. Of the 551 patients included in the study, 120 died postoperatively. Intra-LAC in the group who survived and the group who died was 1.56 [interquartile range [IQR], 1.03–2.64] mmol/L and 3.46 [IQR, 1.84–6.26] mmol/L (P < 0.001), respectively. The patients who died had larger volumes of red blood cell (RBC) transfusions and fluid administration, and were administered higher doses of vasoactive drugs. Logistic regression analysis showed that intra-LAC was an independent predictor of postoperative mortality (odds ratio [OR] 1.21, 95% CI 1.07–1.36, P = 0.002). The volume of RBCs, or fluids transfused, or the amount of vasoactive agents administered were not independent predictors. The area under the curve (AUC) of the ROC curve for intra-LAC for in-hospital mortality was 0.762 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.71–0.81), with a cutoff value of 3.68 mmol/L by Youden index.CONCLUSIONS. The intraoperative lactate level but not hemodynamic managements was an independently associated with increased in-hospital mortality after emergency GI surgery.
Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy rebalances atypical functional hierarchy in patients with Essential Tremor
Authors: Lin Jiaji , Kang Xiaopeng , Lu Haoxuan , Zhang Dekang , Bian Xianbing , Zhou Jiayou , Hu Jianxing , Zhang Dong , Sepulcre Jorge , Pan Longsheng , Lou Xin
Published: April 2023

Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) has brought thalamotomy back to the frontline for Essential Tremor (ET). As functional organization of human brain strictly follows hierarchical principles which are frequently deficient in neurological diseases, whether additional damage from MRgFUS thalamotomy induces further disruptions of ET functional scaffolds are still controversial. This study was to examine the alteration features of brain functional frameworks following MRgFUS thalamotomy in patients with Essential Tremor (ET). We retrospectively obtained preoperative (ETpre) and postoperative 6-month (ET6m) data of 30 ET patients underwent MRgFUS thalamotomy from 2018 to 2020. Their archived functional MR images were used to functional gradient comparison. Both supervised pattern learning and stepwise linear regression were conducted to associate gradient features to tremor symptoms with additional neuropathophysiological analysis. MRgFUS thalamotomy relieved 78.19% of hand tremor symptoms and induced vast global framework alteration (ET6m vs. ETpre: Cohen d = -0.80, P < 0.001). Multiple robust alterations were identified especially in posterior cingulate cortex (ET6m vs. ETpre: Cohen d = 0.87, P = 0.048). Compared with matched health controls (HCs), its gradient distances to primary communities were significantly increased in ETpre patients with anomalous stepwise connectivity (P < 0.05 in ETpre vs. HCs), which were restored after MRgFUS thalamotomy. Both global and regional gradient features could be used for tremor symptom prediction and were linked to neuropathophysiological features of Parkinson disease and oxidative phosphorylation. MRgFUS thalamotomy not only suppress tremor symptoms but also rebalances atypical functional hierarchical architecture of ET patients.
Estimating the Percentage Mediation of Ict Utilisation on Information Literacy and Mathematics Performance in Colleges of Education, Ghana
Authors: Kumah Maxwell
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Student teachers’ (ST) mathematics performance (MP) is still an issue of concern in college. Meanwhile, ICT integration and utilisation has been a policy for almost a decade. This is to enable tertiary learners to breakthrough learning struggles particularly in mathematics.
Aim: This paper aims to model the relationship between student teachers’ interest in information literacy (IIL) and MP moderated by ICT utilisation (ICTU).
Methods: Analytic survey design was adopted using IIL and ICTU Questionnaire and Mathematics Achievement Test (MAT) to collect data. Level 200 student teachers were purposely selected with a random sampling technique to obtain 526 student teachers from two Colleges of Education in the Hohoe Municipality, Volta region.
Result:It was revealed that, majority 138 (26.2%) had moderate interest in IIL while only 47(8.9%) of them were extremely interested. Similarly, the majority 135(25.7%) indicated that ICTU was somewhat helpful while only 41(7.8%) expressed that it was very helpful. There was no significant influence of gender and programs of study on MP. There was a significant positive correlation between ICTU and IIL and for MP and IIL, there was a significant inverse correlation directly. The result also shows that in IIL inversely predict student teachers’ MP relationship but not moderated by ICTU.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that student teachers who show high interest in IL are more likely to perform less in mathematics and vice versa.