bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Few-layer V2C/MWCNT with high ionic accessibility for lithium-ion storage
Authors: Fu Shouchao , Zhang Xunpeng , Wu Bingxian , Zhang Zhiguo , Gao Hong , Li Lu
Published: March 2024

The synthesized f-V2C/MWCNT features high ionic accessibility and structural stability, significantly enhancing lithium-ion storage performance.
Advancements in sustainable platinum and palladium recovery: unveiling superior adsorption efficiency and selectivity with a novel silica-anchored acylthiourea adsorbent
Authors: Mphahlele Malehlogonolo R. R. , Mosai Alseno K. , Tutu Hlanganani , Kotzé Izak A.
Published: March 2024

This study examines innovative PGM recovery using silica-anchored adsorbents. DTMSP-BT-SG shows exceptional efficiency (>98%) and selectivity for Pt and Pd, offering a cost-effective solution for extracting PGMs from mining wastewaters.
Design and preparation of novel antioxidant and antibacterial films containing procyanidins and phycocyanin for food packaging
Authors: Tie Shanshan , Zhang Qing , Zhao Yixuan , Wu Ying , Liu Dasu , Zhao Lina , Gu Shaobin
Published: March 2024

Novel antioxidant and antibacterial films based on carboxymethyl chitosan and pectin incorporated with procyanidins and phycocyanin were designed and fabricated for food packaging.
Stabilization of the cubic, fast-ion conducting phase of Li7La3Sn2O12 garnet by gallium doping
Authors: El-Shinawi Hany , El-Dafrawy Shady M. , Tarek Mahmoud , Molouk Ahmed F. S. , Cussen Edmund J. , Cussen Serena A.
Published: March 2024

A novel, cubic fast-ion conducting modification of Li7La3Sn2O12 (LLSO) has been stabilized by gallium doping, with no doping at the Sn sites.
TEMPO-conjugated tobacco mosaic virus as a magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent for detection of superoxide production in the inflamed liver
Authors: Lumata Jenica L. , Hagge Laurel M. , Gaspar Miguel A. , Trashi Ikeda , Ehrman Ryanne N. , Koirala Shailendra , Chiev Alyssa C. , Wijesundara Yalini H. , Darwin Cary B. , Pena Salvador , Wen Xiaodong , Wansapura Janaka , Nielsen Steven O. , Kovacs Zoltan , Lumata Lloyd L. , Gassensmith Jeremiah J.
Published: March 2024

Tobacco mosaic virus conjugated to TEMPO creates a new magnetic resonance imaging agent that detects superoxide produced in inflamed liver conditions.
Flexible nanohybrid substrates utilizing gold nanocubes/nano mica platelets with 3D lightning-rod effect for highly efficient bacterial biosensors based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering
Authors: Chen Yan-Feng , Lu Ming-Chang , Lee Chia-Jung , Chiu Chih-Wei
Published: March 2024

Rapid synthesis of gold nanocubes (AuNCs)/two-dimensional delaminated nano mica platelets (NMPs), controlling surface hydrophilic–hydrophobic properties for the SERS detection of different bacteria.
Light-controllable cell-membrane disturbance for intracellular delivery
Authors: Huo Wenting , Miki Koji , Mu Huiying , Osawa Takashi , Yamaguma Harumi , Kasahara Yuuya , Obika Satoshi , Kawaguchi Yoshimasa , Hirose Hisaaki , Futaki Shiroh , Miyazaki Yusuke , Shinoda Wataru , Akai Shuji , Ohe Kouichi
Published: March 2024

A light-controllable delivery method based on the tetraphenylethene derivative was developed to improve the intracellular delivery of charged molecules. It does not require chemical modification of drugs and is applicable to a variety of cell lines.
Scalable synthesis of high-quality, reduced graphene oxide with a large C/O ratio and its dispersion in a chemically modified polyimide matrix for electromagnetic interference shielding applications
Authors: Mehmood Zahid , Shah Syed Aizaz Ali , Omer Saeed , Idrees Ramsha , Saeed Shaukat
Published: March 2024

High-quality, conductive filler-grade RGO is synthesized and uniformly dispersed in a polyimide matrix to form a high-performance EMI shielding composite material for advanced applications.
From bench to industry, the application of all-inorganic solid base materials in traditional heterogeneous catalysis: a mini review
Authors: Zuo Zhixuan , Sha Yuchen , Wang Peng , Da Zhijian
Published: March 2024

Catalytic performances, structure-activity relationships of metal oxide-based and zeolite-based all-inorganic solid base catalytic materials and their major applications in non-refinery and refinery fields.
Synergism in carbon nanotubes and carbon-dots: counter electrode of a high-performance dye-sensitized solar cell
Authors: Hasan A M Mahmudul , Susan Md. Abu Bin Hasan
Published: March 2024

This study paves the way of tailoring property of counter electrode with carbon nanomaterials in dye-sensitized solar cell.
Nanoplatform-based strategies for enhancing the lethality of current antitumor PDT
Authors: Lu Xin-Xin , Xue Chun , Dong Jian-Hui , Zhang Yi-Zhou , Gao Fan
Published: March 2024

This review summarizes the recent advances of nanoplatform-based strategies to efficiently amplify the tumoricidal capability of PDT.
La photonique : de la deeptech à la filière structurée
Authors: Georges Thierry , Dupoux Thierry , Chartier Thierry , Boéri Elisabeth
Published: March 2024

La photonique est omniprésente dans notre vie quotidienne : des fibres optiques jusqu’aux écrans haute résolution de nos téléphones, en passant par les lasers qui révolutionnent la médecine et l’industrie. Elle est le moteur de nombreuses avancées technologiques. La science de la lumière progresse et rassemble ses forces pour passer du statut de deep tech à celui d’une véritable filière.
Comprendre la topologie photonique
Authors: Amo Alberto , Lévèque Gaëtan
Published: March 2024

La topologie décrit les propriétés d’un objet qui ne changent pas quand il est déformé. En photonique elle permet de classer les bandes de fréquence d’un matériau structuré selon leurs symétries locales. À l’interface entre deux matériaux optiques de topologie distincte apparaissent des modes guidés de propagation très robuste. Nous donnons ici les notions fondamentales pour en comprendre les propriétés.
The phenomenon of “Retroism” in Chinese architecture during the 1950s
Authors: Yiming Cao
Published: March 2024

The article aims to examine the semantic evolution and alterations of the term "retro" in light of the advent of the "worship of the new" ideology. It will examine the introduction of the term "retroism" into architectural discourse during the 1950s, paying special attention to the objects to which it was applied and the methods used to assign value to them. The objective of this study is to investigate the intricacy and paradox of language and uncover the correlation between architectural structure and ideology.
Re-study on the Restoration of Lacquered Wooden Screens in the tomb of the NanYue King of Western Han Dynasty, Guangzhou
Authors: Kang Wenrong , Lin Zhe
Published: March 2024

Lacquered wooden screen copper components unearthed from the tomb of the King of the NanYue in Xianggang Mountain, Guangzhou City, is an archaeological discovery of a practical screen relics of the Western Han Dynasty. Lacquered wooden screen copper components unearthed from the tomb of the King of the NanYue in Xianggang Mountain, Guangzhou City, is an archaeological discovery of a practical screen relics of the Western Han Dynasty. After excavation and organisation, its restored parts have become one After excavation and organisation, its restored parts have become one of the important exhibits in the NanYue King Museum in Guangzhou. In this paper, according to the archaeological excavation report of the tomb of the King of NanYue of the Western Han Dynasty and related information, combined with the copper components of the screen in kind, using the Western Han Dynasty After the study, it is found that the materials used in its construction conform to a materials used in its construction conform to a certain scale modulus law, according to which the restoration results obtained from the research law are more reasonable and credible, and at the same time, it reveals the scientific nature of the research technology of small woodwork in Lingnan during the Western Han Dynasty. Western Han Dynasty.
On the Integration and Development of Artistic Creativity and Digitalization
Authors: Xu Yiyan , Dou Weizhen
Published: March 2024

In the era of digital technology, the development of information technology and art culture helps to enhance artistic creativity through digital technology. New forms of art emerge from the parallel between art and "digitization": This article discusses digitization in artistic creativity, and theoretically discusses and summarizes the creativity generated by the integration of artistic ideas and digital art in the current digital era in China. Digitization is a brand new mode of production and economic form, which has become an im-portant standard of modern economic development. At the end of 1980s, the rapid development of digital technology and information technology made digital art appear in the world. Based on computer and Inter-net technology, it has created a space for digital development, and provided a new platform for artists to create digital art in all aspects of digital technology and application ability. At present, digital art is growing into a new art form in the art and creative industry of the 21st century.
Spatial Representation of Place Meaning in Urban Historical Parks – A Case Study of People’s Park in Guangzhou, China
Authors: Huang Xuanxiang
Published: March 2024

As people’s demand for public space continues to rise, historical urban parks, which are an essential part of the city’s public space and people’s emotional space, are facing the need for renewal and renovation. By introducing the concept of Place Meaning and based on a systematic review of related literature, this paper selects Guangzhou People’s Park as a case study, empirically exploring the spatial representation of Place Meaning in Guangzhou People’s Park using the cognition map method. It is found that the spatial representation has differential characteristics when based on Historical and Cultural Factor, Leisure and Recreation Factor, Landscape Ecology Factor and Social Interaction Factor. By conducting scientific research on the spatial representation of place significance, this paper can provide a reference for the transformation of urban historical parks, highlighting the image of urban environment and historical culture, and meeting the construction of urban environmental engineering under the new situation.
Exploring the Structure of Students’ Innovative Ability in Higher Vocational Colleges--Taking Human Resource Management Major as an Example
Authors: Zhong Meiping
Published: March 2024

The improvement and improvement of college students' innovation ability is conducive to the improvement of their employment quality. Based on the analysis of relevant research on the structure of college students' innovative ability, a questionnaire survey method was adopted to study the structure of college students' innovative ability. Taking the human resources management major as an example, seven factors were extracted from the needs of college teachers and students, as well as from the perspective of managers. Dimensions, expounding the significance of research on the structure of college students' innovative abilities.
Variations in Foreign Labor Policies: A Comparative Analysis of Malaysia and Singapore
Authors: Li Xiaoyu
Published: March 2024

This comparative study delves into the foreign labor policies of Malaysia and Singapore, two prominent host countries for foreign workers in Southeast Asia. Despite their historical, cultural, and developmental similarities, these nations exhibit variations in the efficiency of their foreign labor policies. Employing the Most Similar System Design (MSSD) approach, this research explores three key explanatory variables: economic factors related to industrial structures, differences in governance systems, and cultural backgrounds. The study finds that these factors significantly shape the formulation and effectiveness of foreign labor policies. The analysis reveals that Singapore outperforms Malaysia in leveraging foreign worker policies to drive economic transformation, enhance competitiveness, and manage the impact of foreign labor. Factors contributing to this discrepancy include the divergence in industrial structures, variations in governance systems, and the influence of cultural backgrounds. Singapore's unitary system, focus on high-skilled foreign workers, and non-racial political landscape contribute to its policy efficiency, while Malaysia's federal structure, lowerskilled labor demand, and communal politics impact its policy effectiveness.
The Impact of University-Specific WeChat Official Accounts on the Socialist Values of Art Students A Exploration Based on the “BIFT Art Sea Studio” WeChat Official Account
Authors: Zhou Zhiwen , Zhang Hongling , Fu Wanying
Published: March 2024

In contemporary higher education, the rise of social media has provided universities with new platforms for information dissemination, establishing connections, and shaping institutional culture. Universityspecific WeChat Official Accounts have emerged as crucial tools for interaction and information dissemination between universities and students. However, their influence on students' ideological perspectives, particularly in shaping socialist values, remains relatively underexplored. This research focuses on investigating the potential impact of the "BIFT ART SEA STUDIO" WeChat Official Account on the socialist values of art students. Socialist values, as an integral component of Chinese socialism, play a crucial role in guiding higher education. Art students, epitomizing creative thinking, contribute not only to the individual formation of values but also play a pivotal role in the inheritance and innovation of institutional culture. The "BIFT ART SEA STUDIO" WeChat Official Account, as a primary channel for information dissemination and interaction, is of particular interest in its potential influence on shaping the socialist values of art students. Through an in-depth exploration of the content, interactive strategies, and levels of student engagement on the "BIFT ART SEA STUDIO" WeChat Official Account, this research aims to unveil the mechanisms through which university-specific WeChat Official Accounts influence the socialist values of art students. The findings of this study contribute to a nuanced understanding of the role of social media in higher education and provide empirical insights for the development of informed educational management strategies. In essence, this research addresses existing gaps in the literature, delving into the substantive impact of university-specific WeChat Official Accounts on the socialist values of art students and offering practical recommendations and theoretical guidance for social media operations in higher education institutions.
Research on allocation mechanism of rural financial resources in China
Authors: Tao Yuxiang
Published: March 2024

Financial benefit is the center of rural financial activities, and also the foothold of further allocation of financial resources. There are many problems encountered in the process of rural financial resource allocation. Based on the analysis of existing problems one by one, this paper reveals the reasons affecting the existing problems in China's rural resource allocation, sort out the ideas to improve the allocation of rural financial resources, and put forward corresponding solutions, in order to provide beneficial reference for the construction of the current rural financial resource allocation mechanism in China.
A Study of Digital Architecture Talent Development Based on the Workcamp Model
Authors: Xu Zhenhua , Han Cong
Published: March 2024

Digital architecture is a trend that can not be ignored in today's construction industry, and the development of digital technology has had a far-reaching impact on the traditional construction industry. The cultivation of digital architecture talents has become an important issue in the field of architecture education. In this paper, we take the demand for talent in the construction industry and the development trend of digital architecture as the background, explore the teaching mode and characteristics of the work camp, and put forward a set of digital architecture talent cultivation strategies based on the work camp mode. Through the combination of theoretical analysis and practical operation, it provides certain reference significance for the cultivation of digital architecture talents.
Impact pf Changes in Anchor Language Style on Audience Language Habits and Social Communication Methods: Investigation and Analysis
Authors: Jiang Chunlan
Published: March 2024

The language style of the anchor at different times would have varying degrees of impact on the audience's language habits, communication methods, and social cognition. Through investigation and analysis, this article finds that under the influence of changes in the language style of the anchor, the audience would gradually form corresponding language habits and social cognition. Relevant experimental research is conducted to prove the viewpoint of this article. At the same time, by analyzing the reasons and impacts of changes in the language style of anchors, the issues and methods that should be paid attention to in the change of anchor language style are proposed.
The Application and Innovation of Virtual Reality Technology in Network Media
Authors: Zheng Tong , Feng Xin Shuo
Published: March 2024

As the concluding activity of the Spring Festival in Northwest China, Liaogan is a distinctive local folk religious practice. This article, taking Qingyang City, Gansu Province, as a case study, employs anthropological fieldwork methods to present the entire process of the Liaogan ritual, trace its historical development and folk cultural connotations, and analysis the role of Liaogan in shaping social cohesion and the daily lives of Northwest people. The paper posits that Liaogan originates from humanity's shared belief in fire and the god of fire, representing a remnant of primitive religious beliefs. The purpose of Liaogan is to ward off evil, eliminate diseases and disasters, and fulfill people's hopes for a bountiful harvest. In this beautiful prayer process, a daily social function of purifying the soul and maintaining social relationships manifests itself in seemingly unconscious activities and continues to serve a symbolic social function in modern society.
The construction of laws and regulations on the competition between tort compensation and work-related injury insurance under the injury caused by a third party
Authors: Su Yuhao
Published: March 2024

The problem of the competition between tort compensation and work-related injury insurance in the case of third-party injury is due to the different evaluations and norms of the modern relief system for the same damage. In comparative law, there are four legislative models: choice, substitution, both, and supplementation. China's relevant legislation presents the problems of decentralization, principle, contradiction and localization, which aggravates the complexity of the problem. Focusing on the protection of workers' rights and interests, the current situation of China's social development and the original intention of the design of relevant systems, China should adopt a "limited and beneficial model" in dealing with such competition and cooperation issues in the future.
Analysis on the popular phenomenon of network abbreviations
Authors: Li Xuejuan
Published: March 2024

In recent years, "awsl", "yyds" and other network abbreviations, as a type of network buzzwords are loved by young people in China. The paper will analyze the popular phenomenon of network abbreviations from the perspective of communication, interpret the concept of network abbreviations based on meme theory, explore the generation logic, popular passwords and problems caused by network abbreviations, and deeply reflect on the future of network abbreviations.
A review on speaking and listening learning for L2 learners
Authors: Chen Fang
Published: March 2024

A critical synthesis of four studies which was divided into four main sub-groups was conducted trying to explain the issues of second-language learner and provided suggestions for language teachers to effectively improve the integrated skills of students.
Study on the Interaction of Erhu Stage Performance——Taking the Indomitable Spirits of the Snow Mountain as an Example
Authors: Zhao Huan
Published: March 2024

The interaction of Erhu's performance is a dialectical unity of content and form. Erhu players convey the emotions of the music to the audience through posture, movement, eyesight, rhythm, and timbre. Taking the Indomitable Spirits of the Snow Mountain as an example, this paper analyzes the playing skills and performance strategies in different performance occasions, such as individual concert forms, program recording forms and party live performance forms.
The exploration of piano enlightenment teaching for the Kindergarten student
Authors: Zhao Yanfang , Phokha Pramote , Chiangthong Nut
Published: March 2024

There is a rich variety of piano enlightenment teaching materials on the market, in the practice of kindergarten student piano enlightenment teaching, the author has used: China's earliest published children's enlightenment tutorial “Children's Piano Preliminary Tutorial”, compiled by the older generation of pianists Sheng Jianyi and others; the earliest into China, the widest spread area of foreign piano enlightenment teaching materials “John Thompson Easy Piano Course” and the applied piano pedagogy of “Play the children's songs, learn the accompaniment”. Through teaching practice, it is found that the education of applied piano is more suitable for modern children, which is a teaching method in line with kindergarten student's cognitive rules and psychological characteristics. Kindergarten students are very fond of playing and singing familiar songs at any time through learning so that students can learn the piano in happiness.
The analysis of distance learning based on Vygotsky’s Learning Theory
Authors: Liu Xianyang
Published: March 2024

This study aims to provide insight into the social interactions and cognitive development of students in a distance learning environment through the application of Vygotsky's theory to address possible barriers to learning in distance learning. The background introduction points out the importance of distance learning in today's education, whilst highlighting the challenges facing the field, such as declining student engagement and poor learning outcomes. The problem statement clarifies the central concern of the study, which is the possible impact of inadequate student social interaction on cognitive development in a distance learning environment. The purpose of the study clarifies the goal of analysing the social learning process in distance learning in depth through Vygotsky's theory and proposing solutions accordingly.
Research on Business English Education Helping Island Rural Revitalization -- A Case Study of Zhoushan City, Zhejiang Province
Authors: Jin Jiani
Published: March 2024

In recent years, the Chinese government has vigorously promoted the rural revitalization strategy, aiming to achieve a balanced development of urban and rural social economy and promote common prosperity. The key to rural revitalization lies in talents. With the continuous improvement of Zhoushan's internationalization and opening up, Zhoushan's local foreign language talent pool is facing the dual pressure of quantity and quality, including the inadaptation of the training mode of business English education talents, the serious loss of high-quality talents in business English education and the uneven distribution of educational resources. Based on the current situation of business English education in Zhoushan City, this paper adopts literature research, expert interview, questionnaire survey, field investigation and other research methods. According to the results of questionnaire analysis and regional characteristics, this paper puts forward strategies to improve the business English education system in colleges and universities, strengthen the cooperation between colleges and enterprises, and promote the deep integration of information technology and business English teaching, hoping to provide new development opportunities for business English education to help rural revitalization.
The Memetic Connotations and Evolution of “Pietas” in Roman Ideology, Ethics and Politics
Authors: Zheng Danyang
Published: March 2024

This article examines the application of memetics as a valuable and manageable framework for cultural studies. Specifically, it delves into the memes associated with Roman "Pietas" and their impact on the ideological, ethical and political landscape of Ancient Rome. Utilizing historical discourse excerpts, the study aims to illustrate the evolutionary processes and distinctive characteristics of memes within a particular cultural meme complex.
Roboter-assistierte Hebung der M. latissimus dorsi – Lappenplastik:
Ein Fallbericht
Authors: Ehrl Denis , Nuernberger Tim , Stief Christian , Karcz Konrad , Giunta Riccardo E.
Published: March 2024

Nachdem die Robotik in verschiedenen Bereichen der Chirurgie und in der Urologie
fest etabliert ist, gewinnt sie rasant auch Relevanz in der Plastischen
Chirurgie. Der in diesem Manuskript dargestellte Fall beschreibt die erste
veröffentlichte robotisch-assistierten Hebungen einer M. latissimus dorsi
Lappenplastik im deutschsprachigen Raum. Dadurch soll das Wissen um die Robotik
in der Plastischen Chirurgie insgesamt geschärft und der Einzug der
robotisch-assistierten Plastische Chirurgie im deutschsprachigen Raum
unterstützt werden.
Altered Cervical Spine Position Results in Decreased Eccentric
Shoulder Rotation Strength
Authors: Giordano Kevin , Wasserberger Kyle , Oliver Gretchen D.
Published: March 2024

Overhead athletes require strenuous shoulder activity in nonneutral cervical
spine positions to eccentrically decelerate the throwing/striking arm following
ball release/contact. We therefore aimed to compare eccentric shoulder rotation
strength through a 90° arc between neutral and rotated positions. Fifty-two
participants (19 M, 34 F 170±10 cm; 73±18 kg, 21.9±2.9 years) without shoulder
or cervical spine pathology participated. Isokinetic eccentric shoulder rotation
strength was measured through a 90° arc with the shoulder elevated 90° in
frontal plane (frontal plane), and 45° anterior to the frontal plane (scapular
plane) in neutral and rotated cervical spine positions. Cervical spine position
was obtained by instructing participants to maximally rotate their respective
side. Frontal plane eccentric external rotated strength differed between neutral
and contralaterally positions in the first 10° of the motion, near forearm
vertical (p+=+0.029). Internal rotation strength differed between neutral and
contralaterally rotated positions from 55–60° external rotation (p+=+0.004).
Scapular plane eccentric external rotation differed between cervical positions
between 21–67° shoulder external rotation (p<0.001). Scapular plane internal
rotation strength differed between cervical positions between 22–60° shoulder
external rotation (p<0.001). In populations requiring strenuous use of their
shoulders in altered cervical spine positions, sports medicine clinicians should
consider including strength testing that reflects the functional positions of
their patients during an orthopedic examination.
Subdural Hematoma due to Dural Metastasis: A Systematic Review on Frequency, Clinical Characteristics, and Neurosurgical Management
Authors: Pahwa Bhavya , Tayal Anish , Chandra Atulya , Das Joe M.
Published: March 2024

Background Subdural hematoma (SDH) occasionally accompanies dural metastasis and is associated with high recurrence rate, significantly impacting patient morbidity and mortality. This systematic review aims to evaluate the characteristics, management options, and outcomes of patients with SDH associated with dural metastasis.

Methods A comprehensive search of the PubMed and Cochrane databases was conducted for English-language studies published from inception to March 20, 2023, adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The authors reviewed cases of histopathologically confirmed SDH with non-central nervous system (non-CNS) tumor metastasis, focusing on therapeutic management of SDH. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, with a significance level set at 0.05.

Results This review included 32 studies comprising 37 patients with 43 SDH cases associated with dural metastasis. Chronic SDH was the most frequently observed presentation (n = 28, 65.12%). The systemic malignancies most commonly associated with SDH due to dural metastasis were prostate carcinoma (n = 9, 24.32%) and gastric carcinoma (n = 5, 13.51%). A statistically significant association was found between metastatic melanoma and subacute SDH (p = 0.010). The majority of patients were treated with burr holes (n = 15, 40.54%) or craniotomies (n = 14, 37.84%), with no statistically significant difference in mortality rates between the two techniques (p = 0.390). Adjuvant therapy was administered to a limited number of patients (n = 5, 13.51%), including chemotherapy (n = 2, 5.41%), whole brain radiotherapy (n = 1, 2.70%), a combination of chemotherapy and whole brain radiotherapy (n = 1, 2.70%), and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (n = 1, 2.70%). The overall recurrence rate was 45.95% (n = 17), with burr holes being the most common management approach (n = 4, 10.81%). Within a median of 8 days, 67.57% (n = 25) of patients succumbed, primarily due to rebleeding (n = 3, 8.11%), disseminated intravascular coagulation (n = 3, 8.11%), and pneumonia (n = 3, 8.11%).

Conclusion This review highlights the need for improving existing neurosurgical options and exploring novel treatment methods. It also emphasizes the importance of dural biopsy in patients with suspected metastasis to rule out a neoplastic etiology.
Are there limits to globalising the medieval?
Authors: De Souza Rebecca
Published: March 2024

The aim of this article is threefold: firstly, it seeks to critique, from the perspective of Iberian and Latin American studies, the Eurocentrism inherent in the research programme known as the ‘Global Middle Ages’ that has emerged in the last two decades in Humanities faculties primarily in the USA and Europe. Secondly, it argues that the identification of global neomedievalism is particularly indicative of the Eurocentric limits of the global medieval paradigm, which is illustrated with several examples from Hispanophone contexts. Lastly, it proposes some alternative theoretical frames through which to analyse the histories of diverse geographies, which seek to account for multiple global temporalities in different linguistic traditions without reinforcing the medieval/modern construction that is in turn rooted in systemic forms of racism and antiblackness.
Study on corrosion law of coiled tubing in high CO2 gas field
Authors: Liu Wei , Wan Liping , Guan Bin , Sun Zhaoyan , Lu Xiude , Guo Yangyang
Published: March 2024

The corrosion rates of CT80 grade coiled tubing steel (CT80) and 2205 duplex stainless steel (2205DSS), as well as other attachments, were determined using the weight loss method in a high-temperature and high-pressure autoclave to simulate operational corrosion conditions. The rates were compared with the predicted rates based on BP (backpropagation) neural network optimized by genetic algorithm, in response to the severe corrosion issue encountered during coiled tubing operations in high CO2 gas fields in Sichuan, China. In the gas phase, the results revealed that with the increase of the temperature and the CO2 partial pressure in the high CO2 gas field, the corrosion rate of CT80 gradually increases, while the rate of 2205DSS remains relatively stable and lower than that of CT80. In the liquid phase, the corrosion rate of CT80 exhibits an initial increase followed by a subsequent decrease with increasing temperature and partial pressure, while the 2205DSS corrosion rate remains slightly low and fairly stable. Furthermore, the XRD results of the corrosion product in the liquid phase revealed a higher corrosion rate on CT80 due to its loose and porous film structure, with FeCO3 and Fe2O3 being the main corrosion products. In contrast, 2205DSS exhibited only slight corrosion, characterized by a denser corrosion product film primarily composed of Cr2O3. The average error between the measured values and model calculated values is ∼15%, indicating that 2205DSS exhibited better wear resistance, making it suitable for application in the high CO2 gas field.
Simulation study on arc motion process of 38 A low-voltage AC contactor under AC-4 conditions
Authors: Ma Chen , Ge Shiwei , Zhang Hongwei , Ji Xinhua , Wang Zhenkun , Guo Ze
Published: March 2024

In the process of breaking an AC contactor, the ablation of the contact by the arc current is an important factor affecting its electrical life, so the evolution of arc shape in the arc extinguishing chamber has an important influence on its breaking performance. To explore the influence of arc motion characteristics on its breaking characteristics, based on the theory of magnetohydrodynamics and considering the contact motion process, a three-dimensional air arc simulation model is established for the arc extinguishing chamber of an AC contactor with a fixed current of 38 A and the arc motion characteristics of the arc during breaking are analyzed. To verify the accuracy of the simulation model, a test platform was built. Under the same breaking conditions, the arc shape, arc voltage, and arc current were measured, and the experimental results were consistent with the simulation results. On this basis, an optimization scheme of the arc extinguishing component is proposed and its influence on the arc motion process is analyzed.
Numerical investigation on oil–water flow characteristics and construction optimization for novel wellbore lubrication fitting
Authors: Jing Jiaqiang , Huang Wanni , Karimov Rinat , Sun Jie , Li Yibo
Published: March 2024

Water-lubricated oil–water flow is an effective low-energy consumption method for pipeline transportation. This study proposes a novel wellbore lubrication fitting (WLF) for developing a core-swirling flow to reduce flow resistance and enhance lubrication efficiency. The pressure drop across the lubricating fitting, the maximum oil volume fraction at the overflow outlet and the drag reduction percentage of core-swirling flow were taken as the indicators, and the fluid calculation software Ansys Fluent was applied to optimize the structural parameters of the WLF with orthogonal and single-factor methods. The experimental study was carried out with mineral oil and tap water. The results indicate that the swirl generator can develop a stable and low-viscosity liquid annulus to isolate the oil from the pipe wall and reduce the flow resistance of viscous oil. The optimized WLF demonstrates the clear core-swirling flow with input velocity between 0.48 and 0.62 m/s. The experimental pressure drops deviate from the simulated data within ±25%. The drag reduction percentage of the core-swirling flow is above 90% with the input velocity above 0.51 m/s. The results of this study have important engineering value for efficient application of WLFs.
Viscosity and surface tension of the Zr56.5Ti13.3Ni13.6Cu9.6S7 bulk metallic glass-forming liquid
Authors: Ruschel Lucas Matthias , Kuball Alexander , Adam Bastian , Frey Maximilian , Busch Ralf
Published: March 2024

The viscosity of the Zr56.5Ti13.3Ni13.6Cu9.6S7 bulk glass forming alloy was measured in equilibrium liquid at low and high temperatures. Low temperature measurements were conducted in the vicinity of the glass transition using a thermomechanical analyzer, covering a viscosity range between 109 and 1014 Pa s. The high-temperature experiments were carried out by electromagnetic levitation of a spherical droplet in microgravity during a parabolic flight campaign (TEMPUS), ranging in viscosity from 50 to 800 mPa s. The viscosities were individually modeled using the Vogel–Fulcher–Tammann equation to obtain the fragility parameter D*, which displays a strong liquid behavior of 25.8 and 19.6 for the low and high temperature region, respectively. The Mauro–Yue–Ellison–Gupta–Allan viscosity model was additionally applied, revealing an even more accurate description across the whole temperature range. Next to viscosity, TEMPUS measurements allow the determination of surface tension. With a value of 0.9 N m−1, it is significantly lower than that of other Zr-based metallic glasses without the element sulfur.
Flexible SERS substrate with tunable gap based on laser-induced reduction
Authors: Li Wanyi , Xu Hankun , Li Hongxu , Li Yang , Liu Jiale , Liang Guangrui , Chen Kemiao , Sun Huojiao
Published: March 2024

In order to break the limitation that the gap is fixed once it was synthesized for traditional flexible surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrate, in this work, a laser-induced reduction method was used to fabricate ordered silver nanodot arrays on flexible substrates. By using rhodamine 6G as a probe molecule, Raman characterization is carried out on the hydrogel film/silver substrate at expanded and shrunken states. The substrate shows great reproducibility, and the average relative standard deviation of the probe is 8.7%. In addition, when the hydrogel film was shrunk by 75%, the intensity at 1650 cm−1 will be enhanced by about 36 times, and the detection concentration of the R6G molecule can reach 10−7 mol/l.
Effect of prestressed loading on low-speed impact performance for carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite laminates
Authors: Xie Jiuming , Liu Yuesen , She Cong , Ding Jie , Zhang Jiawen , Han Jinyu
Published: March 2024

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) laminates habitually experience either tensile or compressive prestressing loads and are simultaneously susceptible to external low-velocity impacts in genuine operating scenarios. The current study establishes a meticulous model to elucidate the low-speed impact behavior of prestressed CFRP laminates, substantiated by finite element simulations. Initial validation of the model is accomplished by comparing simulated low-velocity impact scenarios without prestress against experimental data. Subsequently, the validated model is employed to simulate the low-velocity impact process under varying impact velocities and under both tensile and compressive prestress loads. It is demonstratively shown that tensile prestressing accentuates the extent of damage incurred by the laminate, a phenomenon that amplifies concomitantly with increasing impact speed. In contrast, compressive prestress is found to mitigate the laminate damage to a particular degree, albeit this mitigative effect is observed to diminish with escalating impact velocities. The findings derived from the investigation furnish pivotal data concerning the impact resilience of composite materials under practical working conditions and yield substantial engineering applicability for optimizing the design of related structures.
Recent advances in nanoparticulate RNA delivery systems
Authors: Witten Jacob , Hu Yizong , Langer Robert , Anderson Daniel G.
Published: March 2024

Nanoparticle-based RNA delivery has shown great progress in recent years with the approval of two mRNA vaccines for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and a liver-targeted siRNA therapy. Here, we discuss the preclinical and clinical advancement of new generations of RNA delivery therapies along multiple axes. Improvements in cargo design such as RNA circularization and data-driven untranslated region optimization can drive better mRNA expression. New materials discovery research has driven improved delivery to extrahepatic targets such as the lung and splenic immune cells, which could lead to pulmonary gene therapy and better cancer vaccines, respectively. Other organs and even specific cell types can be targeted for delivery via conjugation of small molecule ligands, antibodies, or peptides to RNA delivery nanoparticles. Moreover, the immune response to any RNA delivery nanoparticle plays a crucial role in determining efficacy. Targeting increased immunogenicity without induction of reactogenic side effects is crucial for vaccines, while minimization of immune response is important for gene therapies. New developments have addressed each of these priorities. Last, we discuss the range of RNA delivery clinical trials targeting diverse organs, cell types, and diseases and suggest some key advances that may play a role in the next wave of therapies.
A magnetic separation method for isolating and characterizing the biomolecular corona of lipid nanoparticles
Authors: Francia Valentina , Zhang Yao , Cheng Miffy Hok Yan , Schiffelers Raymond M. , Witzigmann Dominik , Cullis Pieter R.
Published: March 2024

Lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulations are a proven method for the delivery of nucleic acids for gene therapy as exemplified by the worldwide rollout of LNP-based RNAi therapeutics and mRNA vaccines. However, targeting specific tissues or cells is still a major challenge. After LNP administration, LNPs interact with biological fluids (i.e., blood), components of which adsorb onto the LNP surface forming a layer of biomolecules termed the “biomolecular corona (BMC)” which affects LNP stability, biodistribution, and tissue tropism. The mechanisms by which the BMC influences tissue- and cell-specific targeting remains largely unknown, due to the technical challenges in isolating LNPs and their corona from complex biological media. In this study, we present a new technique that utilizes magnetic LNPs to isolate LNP–corona complexes from unbound proteins present in human serum. First, we developed a magnetic LNP formulation, containing >40 superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs)/LNP, the resulting LNPs containing iron oxide nanoparticles (IOLNPs) displayed a similar particle size and morphology as LNPs loaded with nucleic acids. We further demonstrated the isolation of the IOLNPs and their corresponding BMC from unbound proteins using a magnetic separation (MS) system. The BMC profile of LNP from the MS system was compared to size exclusion column chromatography and further analyzed via mass spectrometry, revealing differences in protein abundances. This new approach enabled a mild and versatile isolation of LNPs and its corona, while maintaining its structural integrity. The identification of the BMC associated with an intact LNP provides further insight into LNP interactions with biological fluids.
Cell reprogramming design by transfer learning of functional transcriptional networks
Authors: Wytock Thomas P. , Motter Adilson E.
Published: March 2024

Recent developments in synthetic biology, next-generation sequencing, and machine learning provide an unprecedented opportunity to rationally design new disease treatments based on measured responses to gene perturbations and drugs to reprogram cells. The main challenges to seizing this opportunity are the incomplete knowledge of the cellular network and the combinatorial explosion of possible interventions, both of which are insurmountable by experiments. To address these challenges, we develop a transfer learning approach to control cell behavior that is pre-trained on transcriptomic data associated with human cell fates, thereby generating a model of the network dynamics that can be transferred to specific reprogramming goals. The approach combines transcriptional responses to gene perturbations to minimize the difference between a given pair of initial and target transcriptional states. We demonstrate our approach’s versatility by applying it to a microarray dataset comprising >9,000 microarrays across 54 cell types and 227 unique perturbations, and an RNASeq dataset consisting of >10,000 sequencing runs across 36 cell types and 138 perturbations. Our approach reproduces known reprogramming protocols with an AUROC of 0.91 while innovating over existing methods by pre-training an adaptable model that can be tailored to specific reprogramming transitions. We show that the number of gene perturbations required to steer from one fate to another increases with decreasing developmental relatedness and that fewer genes are needed to progress along developmental paths than to regress. These findings establish a proof-of-concept for our approach to computationally design control strategies and provide insights into how gene regulatory networks govern phenotype.
Mechanistic insights into the interactions of TAX1BP1 with RB1CC1 and mammalian ATG8 family proteins
Authors: Zhang Mingfang , Wang Yingli , Gong Xinyu , Wang Yaru , Zhang Yuchao , Tang Yubin , Zhou Xindi , Liu Haobo , Huang Yichao , Zhang Jing , Pan Lifeng
Published: March 2024

TAX1BP1, a multifunctional autophagy adaptor, plays critical roles in different autophagy processes. As an autophagy receptor, TAX1BP1 can interact with RB1CC1, NAP1, and mammalian ATG8 family proteins to drive selective autophagy for relevant substrates. However, the mechanistic bases underpinning the specific interactions of TAX1BP1 with RB1CC1 and mammalian ATG8 family proteins remain elusive. Here, we find that there are two distinct binding sites between TAX1BP1 and RB1CC1. In addition to the previously reported TAX1BP1 SKICH (skeletal muscle and kidney enriched inositol phosphatase (SKIP) carboxyl homology)/RB1CC1 coiled-coil interaction, the first coiled-coil domain of TAX1BP1 can directly bind to the extreme C-terminal coiled-coil and Claw region of RB1CC1. We determine the crystal structure of the TAX1BP1 SKICH/RB1CC1 coiled-coil complex and unravel the detailed binding mechanism of TAX1BP1 SKICH with RB1CC1. Moreover, we demonstrate that RB1CC1 and NAP1 are competitive in binding to the TAX1BP1 SKICH domain, but the presence of NAP1’s FIP200-interacting region (FIR) motif can stabilize the ternary TAX1BP1/NAP1/RB1CC1 complex formation. Finally, we elucidate the molecular mechanism governing the selective interactions of TAX1BP1 with ATG8 family members by solving the structure of GABARAP in complex with the non-canonical LIR (LC3-interacting region) motif of TAX1BP1, which unveils a unique binding mode between LIR and ATG8 family protein. Collectively, our findings provide mechanistic insights into the interactions of TAX1BP1 with RB1CC1 and mammalian ATG8 family proteins and are valuable for further understanding the working mode and function of TAX1BP1 in autophagy.
Integrating chemistry, fluid flow, and mechanics to drive spontaneous formation of three-dimensional (3D) patterns in anchored microstructures
Authors: Moradi Moslem , Shklyaev Oleg E. , Balazs Anna C.
Published: March 2024

Enzymatic reactions in solution drive the convection of confined fluids throughout the enclosing chambers and thereby couple the processes of reaction and convection. In these systems, the energy released from the chemical reactions generates a force, which propels the fluids’ spontaneous motion. Here, we use theoretical and computational modeling to determine how reaction-convection can be harnessed to tailor and control the dynamic behavior of soft matter immersed in solution. Our model system encompasses an array of surface-anchored, flexible posts in a millimeter-sized, fluid-filled chamber. Selected posts are coated with enzymes, which react with dissolved chemicals to produce buoyancy-driven fluid flows. We show that these chemically generated flows exert a force on both the coated (active) and passive posts and thus produce regular, self-organized patterns. Due to the specificity of enzymatic reactions, the posts display controllable kaleidoscopic behavior where one regular pattern is smoothly morphed into another with the addition of certain reactants. These spatiotemporal patterns also form “fingerprints” that distinctly characterize the system, reflecting the type of enzymes used, placement of the enzyme-coated posts, height of the chamber, and bending modulus of the elastic posts. The results reveal how reaction-convection provides concepts for designing soft matter that readily switches among multiple morphologies. This behavior enables microfluidic devices to be spontaneously reconfigured for specific applications without construction of new chambers and the fabrication of standalone sensors that operate without extraneous power sources.