bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A politização das vacinas e sua influência nas opiniões de cuidadores brasileiros acerca da vacinação infantil de rotina
Authors: Matos Camila Carvalho de Souza Amorim , Avelino-Silva Vivian I. , Couto Marcia Thereza
Published: January 2025

Resumo Declínios progressivos nas coberturas vacinais vêm sendo registrados no Brasil nos últimos anos. A pandemia de COVID-19 trouxe ainda mais desafios para esse cenário. Considerando a pandemia como um acontecimento, objetivou-se analisar a politização das vacinas sob a perspectiva de cuidadores de crianças pequenas. Esta pesquisa qualitativa foi conduzida em duas capitais brasileiras: São Luís (Maranhão) e Florianópolis (Santa Catarina). O estudo incluiu famílias com crianças de até 6 anos de idade que fossem total ou parcialmente vacinadas, bem como crianças completamente não vacinadas. Utilizou-se amostragem por bola de neve. Entrevistas em profundidade foram conduzidas entre março de 2021 e abril de 2022. Foram entrevistados 48 cuidadores, em sua maioria mães. O estudo revelou que, independentemente da posição prévia em relação às vacinas, o acontecimento sanitário-político da pandemia de COVID-19 abalou crenças e atitudes acerca da vacinação infantil. Os resultados demonstraram, ainda, que a pandemia levou a atrasos na imunização infantil de rotina e fez com que cuidadores buscassem por serviços privados de saúde. Por fim, os resultados revelam a politização das vacinas como um novo fenômeno a ser enfrentado no contexto brasileiro.
Modelo de atenção em centros de parto normal peri-hospitalares brasileiros: uma revisão de escopo
Authors: Aguiar Cláudia de Azevedo , Lopes Gisele Almeida , Bussadori Jamile Claro de Castro , Leister Nathalie , Riesco Maria Luiza Gonzalez , Alonso Bruna Dias
Published: January 2025

Resumo Os centros de parto normal peri-hospitalares (CPNp) são regulamentados no Brasil para atenção às mulheres e bebês de risco habitual. Sistematizar a produção científica pode ampliar o conhecimento sobre esses estabelecimentos. Realizou-se uma revisão de escopo a partir da questão: “quais são as características do modelo de atenção dos CPNp brasileiros?” Foram incluídos estudos sem delimitação temporal e em qualquer idioma. As buscas foram feitas em portais, bases de dados, repositórios e sites institucionais. As etapas da revisão foram guiadas pelo JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis, e seu protocolo registrado na plataforma OSF. Foram selecionados 85 documentos, que abordam dez CPNp. Os estudos descrevem desfechos maternos e neonatais categorizados, entre outros, em: respeito à autonomia e às necessidades maternas; cuidado humanizado e baseado em evidências; confiança e segurança nos profissionais; uso de práticas integrativas e complementares em saúde; experiência materna e desfecho neonatal positivos; cuidado em ambiente acolhedor e confortável. Os resultados reforçam que os CPNp produzem um cuidado pautado no modelo biopsicossocial de saúde, cujas necessidades dos usuários são a base das estruturas física, organizacional, filosófica e assistencial dessas instituições.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of occupational accidents among beneficiaries of the Unified Health System in Brazil: an interrupted time series study
Authors: Santos Júnior Claudio José dos , Garcia Klauss Kleydmann Sabino , Antunes José Leopoldo Ferreira , Fischer Frida Marina
Published: January 2025

Abstract The scope of this study was to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of occupational accidents among beneficiaries of the Unified Health System in Brazil. It was an interrupted time series study, using data on occupational accidents registered by the Unified Health System from 2015 to 2020. The analysis used the Prais-Winsten generalized linear regression model. The results revealed an immediate reduction (β1=-0.02, p<0.05) and a change in trend (β2=-4.46, p<0.05) in the incidence rate of occupational accidents per 10,000 employment links in Brazil and all its macro-regions when the Public Health emergency was declared due to SARS-CoV-2. In the months following the declaration of the Public Health Emergency of National Importance due to COVID-19, the incidence increased (β3=0.49, p<0.05), approaching the levels observed before the pandemic. The average monthly number of accidents decreased from 11.53 to 9.08 per 10,000 employment links after the declaration of the COVID-19 emergency. These findings indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic has modified the trend and magnitude of the incidence rate of occupational accidents in Brazil.
Custos e características das internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária em menores de um ano em São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Marques Lays Janaina Prazeres , Pereira Antonio Carlos , Raimundo Augusto Cesar Sousa
Published: January 2025

Resumo O objetivo desta pesquisa foi estimar os custos diretos e analisar os aspectos epidemiológicos das Internações por Condições Sensíveis à Atenção Primária (ICSAP) em menores de um ano, município de São Paulo, 2011-2022. Os custos total e médio foram calculados segundo grupos de diagnóstico de ICSAP por componentes (neonatal precoce, tardio e pós-neonatal). Analisou-se a tendência das taxas de ICSAP por meio da regressão linear generalizada de Prais-Winsten. Foram identificadas 98.679 internações. Houve aumento anual de 10,2% na taxa de ICSAP dos neonatos precoces e nos demais componentes a tendência foi estacionária. O custo do período foi estimado em R$ 130,5 milhões em <1 ano, com redução de 8,6%. Os maiores valores absolutos estiveram relacionados às causas mais frequentes, como às Doenças pulmonares com 43,7% do custo em <1 ano, 52,5% nos neonatos tardios e 48,8% nos pós-neonatos. Nos neonatos precoces, 83,5% do custo foi atribuído às Doenças relacionadas ao pré-natal, especialmente à sífilis congênita. Conclui-se que foi possível identificar os custos e características das internações, evidenciando aumento das taxas de ICSAP e as condições que requerem maior atenção dos serviços de saúde primária para reduzir internações e gastos hospitalares no setor público.
¿Los atletas olímpicos brasileños viven más que la población general? Un estudio de cohorte retrospectivo
Authors: Soloaga Aline Ortega , Cruz Arthur Duarte Fantesia Costa , Spreafico Elen Viviani Pereira , Spreafico Marcos Vinícius Pereira , Reis Cássio Pinho dos , Boullosa Daniel , Coelho-Ravagnani Christianne de Faria
Published: January 2025

Resumen Investigamos si los atletas olímpicos brasileños viven más que la población general y si existen diferencias entre los deportes. Este estudio de cohorte retrospectivo se realizó con análisis de datos secundarios. Se incluyeron datos de atletas brasileños de ambos sexos, desde la 7.ª edición (1920) hasta la 25.ª edición (1992) de los Juegos Olímpicos Modernos. Registramos detalles de género, fecha de nacimiento, fecha de defunción y deporte en el que compitieron, cuando estaban disponibles. Comparamos atletas con controles de la misma edad de la población general; y entre tipos de deporte (fuerza/potencia [FP] vs. resistencia/mixto [RM]). Los atletas olímpicos brasileños viven aproximadamente ocho años más de lo esperado para la población general de la misma edad. Sin embargo, no hubo diferencias en la esperanza de vida entre los atletas FP (68,8 años) vs. RM (68,9 años) (p>0,05). Los atletas olímpicos brasileños viven más de lo esperado para la población general. Sin embargo, no hay diferencias entre atletas de diferentes tipos de deporte.
The relationship between insulin resistance and fibroblast growth factor 23 in patients with non-diabetic pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Durak Beyza Algul , Coban Melahat
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Insulin resistance often occurs in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) owing to mineral and bone metabolism disorders. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-23 and soluble klotho (s-KL) play crucial roles in linking CKD with mineral and bone metabolism. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the relationship between insulin resistance and FGF-23 and s-KL in patients with non-diabetic pre-dialysis patients with CKD. DESIGN AND SETTING: This research was conducted in the Ankara Bilkent City Hospital Nephrology Clinic. Ankara,Turkey. METHODS: This study included 133 male and 150 female patients with pre-dialysis CKD. The patients were compared with 80 healthy individuals. FGF-23 and s-KL levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was used to determine insulin resistance. RESULTS: Creatinine, urine protein/creatinine ratio (UPCR), log10 FGF-23, log 10 s-KL, and HOMA-IR were notably higher, while glomerular filtration rate was notably lower, in patients than in healthy individuals. Stage 5 CKD, log10 FGF-23, creatinine, and UPCR were significantly higher in patients with HOMA-IR > 3.06 compared to those with HOMA-IR ≤ 3.06. No difference was observed in s-KL levels between the two groups. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed an increase in HOMA-IR and log10 FGF-23 values. CONCLUSIONS: Insulin resistance, serum FGF-23, and s-KL levels increased in patients compared with healthy individuals. Higher creatinine, proteinuria, and FGF-23 levels were associated with greater insulin resistance. The study highlighted a significant relationship between insulin resistance and FGF-23.
Revolutionizing the material performance of AZ64/ZrB2 composites for engineering applications
Authors: Singh Pradeep Kumar , Logesh Kamaraj , Kumar Srinivasan Suresh , Kannan Sathish , Tejaswini Vallu , Soudagar Manzoore Elahi Mohammad , Obaid Sami Al
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT The Zirconium Di- Boride (ZrB2) reinforced AZ64 magnesium metal matrix composite’s (MMMCs) tribological performance was studied for potential use in engineering applications. The composite was developed using the stir-casting method with the help of ultrasonic vibrations for mixing molten AZ64 and preheated ZrB2 particles as it achieves uniform dispersion and better wettability. The physical characteristics was studied through density measurement and the result showed that 3% ZrB2 reinforced composites had an increase in 1.275% of density when related to 0% reinforced MMMCs. The absorbed energy values from charpys impact test of reinforced composites showed an increase of around 85% from the as-cast alloy. The micro hardness of the ZrB2 particles reinforced composite was significantly improved after ultrasonic dispersion. From XRD and EDX it is evident that inclusion of the ZrB2 increased beta-phase precipitation in the Mg alloy, which in turn enhances the strength of the composites. Sliding wear tests were conducted in dry conditions utilizing pin-on-disc (POD) tribometer at standard loads (20–60N) and speeds (1.2–2.4 m/s). Improved wear resistance was seen in the 3% ZrB2 reinforced composites as a result of its finer grain and relatively uniform distribution of ZrB2 particles. Increasing the load resulted in a higher wear rate of the composite at all sliding speeds. Increased capacity of the reinforcement and other characteristics of the produced composite proved to be superior to the AZ64 as cast alloy in all wear test situations.
Avaliação da resistência à flexão de peças de PLA produzidas por manufatura aditiva
Authors: Jacques Ricardo Callegari , Lessa Cleber Rodrigo de Lima
Published: January 2025

RESUMO A impressão 3D vem sendo cada vez mais utilizada pela indústria para fabricação de peças protótipos e produção em pequena escala devido a vantagens como baixo custo e possibilidade de produzir geometrias complexas. O Poliácido Lático (PLA) é um dos materiais mais utilizados por essa tecnologia, e apesar de existirem estudos que mostram como as propriedades mecânicas de peças impressas em PLA são afetadas por parâmetros de impressão, existe pouca informação sobre resistência a flexão e estatística/variabilidade dos modelos. Este trabalho relata um teste piloto e uma pesquisa experimental que buscou gerar modelos estatísticos que descrevam o comportamento de peças impressas de PLA nos padrões concêntrico e linha ±45°. São apresentadas equações de regressão com intervalos de predição para preenchimentos de 20, 40, 60, 80 e 100%, que mostraram uma tendência linear para o padrão concêntrico e um comportamento quadrático para o padrão linha ±45°. Na terceira parte do estudo, as curvas foram validadas com amostras impressas com preenchimentos de 30, 50, 70 e 90%. A variabilidade dos modelos foi avaliada através de um procedimento de reamostragem e dados revelaram que as maiores variações foram obtidas para o preenchimento linha após retiradas 8 amostras aleatoriamente. No geral, os resultados mostraram maiores valores de resistência a flexão para o preenchimento concêntrico do que para o linha ±45°.
Spray characteristics of non-edible oils in MQL systems for improved material machining
Authors: Balamurugan M , Subramani Sivakumar , Murugesan Venkatasudhahar , Ethiraj Sivaprakash , Dhairiyasamy Ratchagaraja , Gabiriel Deepika
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT This study investigates the spray characteristics of non-edible oils, specifically Rapeseed, Jatropha, Neem, and Coconut oils, in Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) systems using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations. The objective was to analyze the effects of MQL parameters—such as inlet air pressure, flow rate, and nozzle diameter—and fluid properties on droplet velocity and diameter. A Discrete Phase Model (DPM) was employed within the CFD framework to simulate the atomization process. Results indicated that increased inlet pressure significantly reduced droplet diameter, with a maximum reduction of 68.35% observed in Coconut oil. Similarly, an increase in flow rate and nozzle diameter led to higher droplet velocities, with the maximum velocity reaching 238.59% of its initial value in Jatropha oil at 6 bar pressure. Viscosity was identified as the most influential fluid property on droplet size, demonstrating a direct relationship with increased droplet diameter. The findings highlight the importance of optimizing MQL parameters and fluid properties to enhance machining performance and reduce environmental impact.
Parameter optimization of laser cladding for Stelcar powder coatings on AZ61 magnesium alloy
Authors: Govindarajan Sathishkumar , Balakrishnan Asaithambi , Vijayaraghavan Srinivasan , Thangavelu Karthikeyan
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT The primary objective of this study is to enhance surface coating characteristics and reduce the dilution rate of AZ61 magnesium alloy coated with Stelcar alloy powder through laser cladding. A Taguchi (L16) orthogonal experimental design employed to analyze the effects of scanning speed, laser power, powder feed rate, and gas flow on wear volume, dilution rate and micro-hardness. Signal-to-noise ratios were calculated for each parameter to identify their individual effects on the responses. The findings indicated that powder feed rate predominantly influenced wear volume, accounting for 88.18% of its variation, while scanning speed has the highest influence on dilution rate (73.20%), and laser power significantly affected micro-hardness (84.60%). The optimized processing parameters were identified as a scanning speed of 11 mm/s, a laser power of 1.3 kW, a powder feed rate of 40 g/min, and a gas flow rate of 380 L/h. These parameters yielded a minimum wear volume of 0.8427 mm3, a dilution rate of 18.21%, and a maximum micro-hardness of 678.07 HV. This study utilized grey relational analysis to determine the optimum processing parameters, which simultaneously reduced wear volume, minimized dilution rate and enhanced micro-hardness.
Compressive strength of cylindrical specimens generated by topology optimization: influence of finite element mesh refinement
Authors: Rocha Gabriel Rodrigues Gazal , Trindade Júnior Herivelton José Gomes da , Araújo Márcia Silva de , Estorilio Carla Cristina Amodio , Bernardelli Euclides Alexandre , Cerri José Alberto
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT Topology optimization (TO) is a mathematical method that optimizes a part’s layout, maintaining the project’s spatial constraints, considering loads, boundary conditions, and manufacturing to maximize its performance. Through mesh analysis, non-essential areas in the structure are identified, allowing efficient material removal without compromising its integrity. However, it is not usual to use TO without changing the part layout, focusing only on removing its internal mass, as is done in this paper. Therefore, two sets of cylindrical ABS samples were generated: one with an internal structure obtained by TO, varying the density of finite element mesh through the SolidWorks Software, and another with an internal structure chosen in the slicing stage before 3D printing. Then, the samples were subjected to the same compression tests. According to the results, all models support loads above the 10 kN specified. Unlike theoretical expectations, the best performance was from the coarse mesh TO, which was statistically equivalent to the tri-hexagonal and grid infill patterns. However, TOs made with medium and fine mesh pushed the limit of the piece shape, making the wall very thin and reducing its resistance. Using the infill pattern proved to be simpler to execute and less time-consuming to manufacture.
Evaluation of strength, wear, and skid resistance in pavement quality concrete with partial replacement of steel slag
Authors: Bibitha Lillypushpam , Durgalakshmi Sagayakannan , Athiappan Kamalasekar
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT Sustainable pavement construction is essential for promoting ecological balance and reducing the environmental impact of infrastructure projects. This study investigates the viability of partially replacing conventional fine aggregate (river sand) with steel slag in proportions ranging from 10% to 100% by volume for pavement quality concrete (PQC). The mechanical properties of PQC were evaluated following IRC standards, with a focus on compressive strength, flexural strength, split tensile strength, and fatigue performance. Additionally, the study assessed the concrete’s abrasion resistance and skid resistance, critical for ensuring durability and road safety. The experimental results demonstrated that incorporating steel slag as a fine aggregate replacement significantly enhances the mechanical performance of PQC. A mix containing 40% steel slag exhibited optimal improvements in compressive, flexural, and tensile strengths, alongside superior resistance to wear and skid. These findings indicate that steel slag, when used in appropriate proportions, can enhance both the durability and safety of concrete pavements. The study highlights the potential of steel slag as a sustainable and resource-efficient alternative to conventional materials in pavement construction, contributing to environmental sustainability and improved infrastructure performance.
Demostración de métodos de cálculo para dimensionar el equipo de enfermería en cuidados intensivos
Authors: Batassini Érica , Oliveira João Lucas Campos de , Beghetto Mariur Gomes
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: demostrar el dimensionamiento del personal de enfermería en cuidados intensivos estimado mediante dos cálculos, utilizando el Nursing Activities Score como uno de sus componentes centrales. Método: estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, que recopiló los puntajes del Nursing Activities Score de pacientes de cinco Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos de un hospital del sur de Brasil. Se utilizaron dos cálculos para dimensionar el personal de enfermería. Además de otros componentes, el cálculo I convirtió la puntuación del Nursing Activities Score en minutos y horas; y el cálculo II utilizó este puntaje sobre un denominador correspondiente a un profesional de enfermería/día, considerando dos tipos de turnos de trabajo. En ambas ecuaciones se respetó la proporción del 52% de enfermeros. Resultados: en las 9.610 evaluaciones, la puntuación media del Nursing Activities Score fue del 85,9% (80,8% a 96,4%). Mientras el cálculo I estimó 164 profesionales, el cálculo II proyectó 176 y 140 trabajadores para cinco y cuatro turnos, respectivamente. La diferencia de enfermeros entre métodos llegó a 18 profesionales. Conclusión: la elección del cálculo y el número de turnos de trabajo interfieren sustancialmente en la estimación del personal de enfermería de cuidados intensivos. Esto puede fundamentar una revisión metodológica en la estandarización del dimensionamiento de enfermería en esta área.
Coordination of care in health systems for users with diabetes and hypertension: a scoping review
Authors: Macedo Virgílio Luiz Marques de , Sousa Naira Pereira de , Santos Ana Cristina dos , Santos Walterlânia , Stival Marina Morato , Rehem Tânia Cristina Morais Santa Barbara
Published: January 2025

Objective: to map the available evidence on the characteristics of care coordination between Primary Health Care and Specialized Outpatient Care for users with diabetes and hypertension. Method: this is a scoping review with 40 articles as the final sample, evaluated by means of Content Analysis, of the thematic-categorical type, with the aid of a technological tool. Results: care coordination was defined by means of eight categories: information and communication, integration of care, improvement and quality, care management, care sharing, fundamental attribute, health professionals and health service users, with the results of the articles concentrating mainly on four categories, with information and communication standing out, followed by the category of care management and the category of care sharing, in parallel with improvement and quality. Conclusion: technological tools are a first step in ensuring the coordination of care, proving to be a significant feature, with emphasis on studies on the sharing of information between health services through electronic medical records. However, although this technology has proved to be advantageous for the health system, with good results, it is not the only means of ensuring the coordination of care.
Programa Brincar Legal na prevenção da violência contra crianças: fortalecendo o desenvolvimento sustentável
Authors: Begui Janaina Recanello , Souza Andressa Larissa Dias Müller de , Polita Naiara Barros , Merino Maria de Fátima Garcia Lopes , Zani Adriana Valongo , Pimenta Rosângela Aparecida
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: compreender a percepção de professores e profissionais de saúde sobre o uso do Programa Brincar Legal para pais/cuidadores para a prevenção da violência contra crianças. Método: estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório realizado por meio de três grupos focais com vinte professores da educação básica e profissionais da atenção primária à saúde que aplicaram o Programa para pais/cuidadores, em 2022. A análise de discurso de linha francesa orientou a análise de dados à luz da teoria de Urie Bronfenbrenner. Resultados: a partir da percepção dos participantes, emergiram três categorias: inovação e utilidade: aplicabilidade da teoria na prática; ressignificando atitudes de austeridade e impaciência contra a criança; disciplinar a criança e não punir: dilemas e desafios. Os depoimentos evidenciaram que o Programa é inovador, de acesso rápido, linguagem clara e de fácil aplicabilidade na prática para pais/cuidadores. Conclusão: o uso do Programa agregou conhecimento e propiciou atitudes positivas para o desenvolvimento do sistema bioecológico quanto ao enfrentamento e prevenção da violência contra a criança.
Effect of iron fortification and prebiotics on iron biomarkers in anemic rats
Authors: Iqbal S. , Zafar S. , Ahmed W. , Shah S. H. B. U. , Abid J. , Farooq U. , Ahmad A. M. R.
Published: January 2025

Abstract One of the biggest public health problems globally is that of iron deficiency anemia. The present research aimed to determine the effect of prebiotics along with iron fortification on iron biomarkers in female anemic rats as some evidence suggests that prebiotics convert increase the solubility of iron, thereby enhancing its absorption. A total of 126 Sprague Dawley rats were fed with sixteen different types of fortified feed containing prebiotics (Inulin + Galacto Oligosaccharides) and Iron Fortificants (Sodium Ferric Ethylenediaminetetraacetate + Ferrous Sulphate). The duration of the trials was 3 months aimed at determining the effect of iron fortification and prebiotics on different iron biomarkers including Hemoglobin (Hb), Hematocrit, Red Blood Cell (RBC) count, Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH) and Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC). The trials resulted in statistically significant improved iron biomarkers among female anemic rats (P-value < 0.05). It was concluded that iron fortification and prebiotics in combination were able to increase the levels of iron biomarkers in female anemic rats.
Morphometric characteristics of organs of female chickens (Pazo de Vilane) supplemented with Curcuma longa
Authors: Maldonado Arias D. F. , Mira-Naranjo J. M. , Carrazco D. I. Cajamarca , García-Guerra J. I. , Baquero-Tapia M. F. , Sánchez-Salazar M. E. , Melendres-Medina E. M. , Montalvan-Cobo A. N. , Guamán-Rivera S. A.
Published: January 2025

Abstract The breeding and exploitation of chickens at the backyard or commercial family level is an activity of great economic relevance for families in Ecuador. In addition to providing protein of high biological value for food security, it revalues local food resources that could provide productive benefits. With this objective, a study has been conducted in order to explore the effect of C. longa flour on the final weight as well as morphometric characteristics of the organs of female chickens. Therefore, a total of 200 birds were randomly distributed into four homogeneous groups, being Control, basal diet only, followed by T1, basal diet + 1 g/d, T2, basal diet + 2 g/d and T3, basal diet + 3 g/d of C. longa. The data analyzed under a general linear model yielded that including C. longa between 1 or 2 g/d did not differ in the final weight compared to the control (2763 ± 28 g, on average; P < 0.32). In the morphometry of the upper organs, T1 indicated a shorter length of the esophagus (3.7 ± 0.5 mm; P < 0.002) and gizzard (4.9 ± 0.3 mm), but with a larger heart than the other treatments (P < 0.02). In addition, differences were evident in the liver, gallbladder and cecum (P = 0.01 to 0.001) that were more marked when C. longa was administered between 1 or 2 g/d. In conclusion, supplementation of female chickens with C. longa proved to be a potential option to have greater final weights with important findings in the morphometric characteristics that could improve different aspects of their development, productivity and well-being. Therefore, more studies at the level of immunology and histology are recommended to support the benefits of C. longa.
Knowledge status, endemism, and conservation of anuran amphibians from Espinhaço Range, Brazil: what we know and what are the main opportunities for future studies?
Authors: Oswald Caroline Batistim , Magalhães Rafael Félix de , Pezzuti Tiago Leite , Moura Filipe Rodrigues , Leite Felipe Sá Fortes
Published: January 2025

Abstract Espinhaço Range’s frogs have attracted attention since the middle of the 20th century. Despite great efforts to understand the taxonomy, patterns of distribution and biology of the anurans of this mountain range, many questions remain unanswered. Here, we updated the knowledge on endemic anurans of Espinhaço Range, including information on species ecology, behaviour, natural history, evolution, biogeography, and conservation. There are 42 endemic species, and this number may still be underestimated since numerous species lack formal descriptions. Many of these frogs are associated with the campo rupestre, the mountaintop ecosystem of Espinhaço. The greatest endemism richness in Espinhaço is concentrated in its southern portion, along Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Tadpoles and vocalizations are known for most of the endemic species, as well as the phylogenetic relationship within their respective genera. However, data on behaviour, ecology, and natural history are scarce, revealing the need and opportunities for future scientific investigations, such as studies on adaptations of endemic species to the environmental conditions of the campo rupestre.
The first record of an Asian mangrove, Heritiera fomes Banks (Malvaceae: Sterculioideae), occurring outside of cultivation in Ecuador and the Americas
Authors: Molina-Moreira Natalia , Román Roberto R. , Dorr Laurence J. , Freire Efraín , Torres-Domínguez Álvaro
Published: January 2025

Abstract The first record of an Asian mangrove, Heritiera fomes Banks (Malvaceae: Sterculioideae), occurring outside of cultivation in Ecuador and the Americas is documented. The species was discovered in 2022 on Santay Island in the Gulf of Guayaquil, Ecuador, where it is naturalized and produces flowers and fruits at least twice per year. Populations were located on both the shore and in inland areas on the northern part of the island, which is directly influenced by fresh water from the Babahoyo and Daule rivers. Heritiera fomes co-occurs with native species in both mangrove swamp and dry forest. As many as 0.45 individuals/m2 were observed. How the species was introduced into Ecuador is unknown. However, given the similarity of the environmental conditions of Santay Island to those of the native range of H. fomes, its invasive potential in Ecuador is of concern and discussed.
DESIGN AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF SORGHUM CUTTING TABLES BASED ON A PUSH AND DIVISION INTEGRATED OUTER DIVIDER
Authors: He Qinghao , Geng Duanyang , Yin Jianning , Yue Dong , Ni Lei
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT At present, there are serious problems in sorghum harvesting, such as lodging entanglement and the loss of broken stems due to the lack of an external dividing device for the cutting table and holding device. Based on the physical and mechanical characteristics of sorghum plants, an integrated outer divider was developed. The main structural parameters and working parameters of the outer divider were determined. A comparative test of the working quality of the outer divider was carried out. The results show that the working quality of the cutting table with the outer divider is obviously better than that without the outer divider and that the harvest loss of the cutting table is effectively reduced. The Box–Behnken experimental design method was used to investigate the effects of the forward speed, rotation speed of the grain lifter and dividing angle of the outer divider on the lodging and broken stem loss rates during sorghum harvesting. The regression mathematical model and response surface of the lodging and broken stem loss rates and the analysis factors were established, and the optimal working parameters of the outer divider were determined as follows: the dividing angle of the outer divider was 20°, the forward speed was 0.8 m/s, and the rotating speed of the grain lifter was 330 rpm. Under these parameters, the loss rate of the fall was 1.08%, and the loss rate of broken stems was 1.05%, which met the requirements of sorghum cutting tables
DESIGN AND TEST OF A SUPPORT CUTTING ANTI-CLOGGING DEVICE WITH VIBRATION FOR A NO-TILL SEEDER
Authors: Yin Mengnan , Wang Wenjun , Chen Yulong , Zhou Long , Li Mingwei
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT The anti-clogging device of a no-till seeder is an important component that affects the seeding quality. In one year two crop area of China, a no-tillage seeder for corn generally includes a passive anti-clogging device, and there are often problems with straw winding around working parts due to the low straw cleaning rate. To solve these problems, a support cutting anti-clogging device with vibration for a no-till seeder was designed in this study to efficiently cut wheat stalks and remove them to the sides of the seedbed. Through theoretical calculations and kinematic analysis, the main structural parameters of the device were limited to small ranges of values: the mounting angle of the vibrating knife was in the range θ1 = 70–82°, the amplification was in the range l1 = 14–24 mm, and the frequency was in the range ωm = 240–340 rad/min. To analyse the effects of the main parameters on the average straw cutting rate, soil bin experiments were carried out using an orthogonal multinomial regressive experimental design with three factors and three levels. The optimal structural parameters derived in this way were as follows: mounting angle for the vibrating knife θ1 = 70.7°, amplification l1 = 19 mm, and frequency ωm = 330.2 rad/min. The results of adaptability and comparison tests showed that the average straw cutting rate was 93.30% when the proposed anti-clogging device with vibration was used. Compared to traditional devices, the cutting rate for the device was increased by 12.82%, and the metrics were superior to those of a traditional anti-clogging device. This research can serve as a reference for designing anti-clogging devices for no-till seeders.
Core-shell Nanoparticles Based on Polystyrene and Poly(n-butyl acrylate) Functionalized with Itaconic Acid for Baroplastic Processing
Authors: Albino Fernanda Furtado de Melo , Castanharo Jacira Aparecida , Lourenço Neto João Batista , Costa Marcos Antonio da Silva
Published: January 2025

Core-shell polymer nanoparticles with poly(n-butyl acrylate) core and polystyrene shell can be produced by emulsion polymerization. These materials exhibit baroplastic behavior that allows them to be processed at low temperatures by compression molding or extrusion. In this work, core-shell copolymers of poly(n-butyl acrylate) cores and polystyrene shells were synthesized in a two-stage emulsion polymerization. The addition of itaconic acid as functional monomer in the core polymerization was carried out in order to study its influence on polymer processing and mechanical properties. The copolymers were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electronic microscopy (TEM), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The functional monomer incorporation was confirmed by DSC and quantified by titration. The poly(n-butyl acrylate) and polystyrene proportions had a direct influence on the polymer processing and mechanical properties. Copolymers with polystyrene contents higher than 50% presented baroplastic behavior and they could be processed at room temperature by compression molding and extrusion. The presence of itaconic acid did not affect polymer processing and significantly improved tensile resistance, increasing its toughness.
Nolan's Intent to Work with Older People Questionnaire: tradução e adaptação transcultural para o português brasileiro
Authors: Colichi Rosana Maria Barreto , Perez Franciele Costa da Silva , Nunes Hélio Rubens de Carvalho , Lima Silvana Andrea Molina
Published: January 2025

Resumo Objetivo traduzir e adaptar transculturalmente para a língua portuguesa falada no Brasil do Intent to Work with Older People Questionnaire de Nolan. Método pesquisa metodológica de tradução e adaptação transcultural. O processo seguiu as etapas recomendadas internacionalmente, incluindo a tradução da versão original por dois tradutores bilíngues nativos do idioma-alvo, síntese das versões, tradução reversa; revisão por um comitê de juízes formado por especialistas e elaboração da versão final. A versão final foi aplicada com 33 estudantes de enfermagem. Resultados Em 33,3% (5) dos itens houve exata similaridade entre as traduções e, em 66,7% (10), as semelhanças prevaleceram em relação ao conteúdo, com poucas diferenças semânticas. A escala traduzida apresentou IVC-Q=100%, aceitabilidade de 0,95 e coeficiente Ômega com alfa =0,61; Ω GR=0,67; ΩDT=0,67; ΩCT=0,62. Conclusão o processo de tradução e adaptação transcultural foi bem-sucedido com manutenção das propriedades linguísticas e semânticas do instrumento original. O instrumento resultante é confiável para reprodutibilidade.
Incidência de hipertensão arterial e desfechos na população idosa de São Paulo: estudo de coorte SABE
Authors: Oliveira Isabela Martins , Duarte Yeda Aparecida de Oliveira , Zanetta Dirce Maria Trevisan
Published: January 2025

Resumo Objetivos Estimar a incidência cumulativa de hipertensão arterial (HA) em um período de seis anos, identificar fatores de risco e desfechos associados relacionados à HA na população idosa da cidade de São Paulo. Métodos Este estudo longitudinal utilizou dados da Pesquisa SABE - Saúde, Bem-Estar e Envelhecimento, com amostra probabilística representativa de pessoas idosas residentes na cidade de São Paulo. A coleta de dados ocorreu em 2010 e 2016. Modelos de regressão de Poisson foram empregados para avaliar os fatores de risco para a incidência de hipertensão em 2016 e para analisar a associação entre as categorias de hipertensão em 2010 e os desfechos de saúde no período 2010-2016. Resultados Entre as pessoas idosas normotensas em 2010, 36,1% desenvolveram HA até 2016. A incidência de HA associou-se positivamente à idade ≥75 anos, pré-hipertensão, doença coronariana, hipercolesterolemia e diabetes. A baixa filtração glomerular foi o desfecho de saúde mais observado em 2016 entre os hipertensos. Hipertensão não controlada e hipertensão resistente aparente foram associadas à incidência de sintomas depressivos e redução da taxa de filtração glomerular no período de seis anos, respectivamente. Conclusões A incidência de hipertensão foi elevada na população idosa de uma megalópole de um país em desenvolvimento. O descontrole da pressão arterial foi associado a resultados adversos de saúde clínica e psicológica ao longo do tempo. Os fatores observados neste estudo devem ser foco de estratégias preventivas implementadas pelos serviços de saúde e pelas políticas públicas.
Poder, finanças e tecnologia na reconfiguração sistêmica do capitalismo: a clivagem centro-periferia no alvorecer do século XXI*
Authors: Marques Sylvia Ferreira
Published: January 2025

Resumo Este artigo analisa a dinâmica evolutiva do capitalismo no século XXI, destacando as transformações nas relações centroperiferia à luz das recentes mudanças econômicas, tecnológicas e políticas. A pesquisa parte da premissa de que não é possível compreender o capitalismo contemporâneo sem considerar a influência das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC), o papel do Estado e as mudanças nas finanças globais. A questão central abordada é: “O que mudou na relação centro-periferia com as transformações recentes do capitalismo?”. A hipótese defendida é de que, nas últimas décadas, a periferia tem assumido um papel mais ativo na configuração sistêmica. A investigação identifica a emergência do “Efeito Bumerangue”, um fenômeno novo que caracteriza a clivagem centro-periferia, especialmente no início do século XXI.
Foliar spray can improve rapeseed yield components under continuous irrigation
Authors: Kheshtpaz Nooshin , Janmohammadi Mohsen , Sabaghnia Naser
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT Applying climate-smart agriculture practices, such as foliar spraying with growth stimulants and improving drought tolerance, seems to be a rational solution in drought-prone areas. The present study aimed to evaluate irrigation regimes (I1: full-watered; I2: rainfed condition; I3: interruption of irrigation at the flowering stage; I4: interruption of irrigation at the seed setting stage) and spraying (S1: foliar spray with distilled water; S2: foliar spray with 250 Mm of thiamin; S3: foliar spray with 1 Mm of ascorbic acid; S4: foliar spray with 100 ppm of silicon dioxide nanoparticles; S5: foliar spray with 500 ppm of zinc oxide nanoparticles) on the morpho-physiological traits of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). The accelerated maturity and the lowest seed yield were recorded under I2 (1,389 kg ha-1), which was 38 % lower than the yield obtained under I1. The greatest decrease in the evaluated traits, such as chlorophyll (48 %), leaf relative water content (25 %), number of pods per plant (56 %), plant height (29 %) and canopy spread (24 %), was recorded under I2. The lowest plant performance was related to I2 and I3, respectively. The foliar treatments did not mitigate the disruptive effects of I3 on plant growth; however, under I1, the use of silicon nanoparticles, zinc oxide nanoparticles and thiamine increased some seed yield components.
Medical education and ethical training: a scoping review
Authors: Junges José Roque , Schaefer Rafaela , Lopes Priscila Pereira da Silva , Altíssimo Fabiana Caroline , Silva Francine Ferreira Ribeiro da , Coral Gabrielle Pesenti , Ramos Manoela Zen , Salvador Raquel Fontana , Tatsch Raul da Costa , Santos Vitória Diehl dos
Published: January 2025

Abstract The medical education curriculum is undergoing profound transformations aimed at developing practical skills for medical practice. Ethics must occupy a central place in this restructuring to enable patient-centered practice. This study aims to conduct a scoping review of articles from the last five years addressing ethics in medical education. Two results stood out from this review: the structuring of ethics content in the curriculum and the development of ethical sensitivity. The ethical training of future physicians cannot be reduced to a cognitivist perspective of knowing how to argue and formulate moral judgments. However, it must also assume an affective perspective to create ethical sensitivity that includes attitudes and skills to understand the ethical problem in its context.
Educación médica y formación ética: revisión de alcance
Authors: Junges José Roque , Schaefer Rafaela , Lopes Priscila Pereira da Silva , Altíssimo Fabiana Caroline , Silva Francine Ferreira Ribeiro da , Coral Gabrielle Pesenti , Ramos Manoela Zen , Salvador Raquel Fontana , Tatsch Raul da Costa , Santos Vitória Diehl dos
Published: January 2025

Resumen El currículo de la educación médica experimenta profundas transformaciones que buscan desarrollar competencias prácticas para el ejercicio de la medicina y, para permitir una actuación centrada en el paciente, la ética debe ocupar un lugar central en esta reestructuración. Este estudio tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión de alcance de artículos de los últimos cinco años que abordan el tema de la ética en la educación médica. De esta revisión, se destacaron dos resultados: la estructuración de los contenidos de ética en el currículo y la formación de la sensibilidad ética. La formación ética del futuro médico no puede reducirse a una perspectiva cognitivista de saber argumentar y formular juicios morales, sino que también debe asumir una perspectiva afectiva para crear una sensibilidad ética que incluya actitudes y competencias para captar el problema ético en su contexto.
Good Living and Social Management: in Pursuit of a Decolonial Dialogue in the Management Studies Field
Authors: Cunha Eduardo Vivian da , Sousa Washington José de
Published: January 2025

Abstract Scholars often point out the need of building a Brazilian and Latin American way of thinking in opposition to the Eurocentric, colonial thinking. Based on this premise, the aim of the current study is to encourage reflections about decoloniality through the conciliation of Good Living practices and ideas – based on the original Ecuadorian concept of it – and Social Management attributes. This reflection was mediated by references that mainly derive from Latin American debates about decoloniality and Good Living, as well as from Brazilian debates about critical management studies and social management. In order to do so, confluences and divergences around worldviews contemporaneously built from the indigenous idea of Good Living, shared by Social Management, were synthesized in this study. The herein performed exercise enabled seeing similarities between the worldview encompassed by Good Living and that deriving from the Brazilian debate about Social Management, although with differences limited to applications in different periods-of-time and contexts, as well as in some epistemological premises. Including the decolonial debate in the Social Management scope can help broadening its understanding and action horizon, without compromising or replacing the construction process carried out to date. Finally, a research agenda aimed at broadening this debate should be developed.
Um jardim de infância para “treinamento das professoras”: as práticas docentes no jardim anexo à escola normal (Brasília, década de 1970)
Authors: Baldez Etienne
Published: January 2025

Resumo Neste artigo o foco se volta para a constituição do Jardim de Infância anexo à Escola Normal de Brasília (ENB) para as práticas engendradas pelas professoras, na década de 1970. Desde 1966 é possível encontrar a menção da construção da Escola Normal de Brasília no jornal Correio Braziliense, apontando a existência de uma creche, um jardim de infância e uma unidade maternal. Pouco se sabe sobre esses espaços pelos estudos que se voltaram para a história da educação em Brasília desde a constituição da capital, em 1960. Por meio do cotejamento de publicações científicas, pela perspectiva da Histórica Cultural, e documentos oficiais, notícias no jornal, e vestígios de práticas que também comparecem em cadernos de crianças que estiveram matriculadas nesse jardim, é possível apontar um diálogo entre as práticas docentes no Jardim de Infância da ENB e as que circulavam em manuais voltados para professoras do pré-escolar durante o período.
Classification of speech nasality of individuals with cleft lip and palate with distinct ordinal scales
Authors: Carmo Gisele Fonseca do , Dutka Jeniffer de Cássia Rillo , Manicardi Flora Taube , Geremias Beatriz Campanine , Pegoraro-Krook Maria Inês , Marino Viviane Cristina de Castro
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT Purpose To investigate whether there is a difference in the classification of speech hypernasality by inexperienced listeners using different ordinal scales; to verify the agreement of the listeners in the analyses when using these scales; and to verify whether the order in which the scales are presented influences the results. Methods Twenty Speech-Language Pathology students classified the degrees of hypernasality of 40 (oral) samples from patients with cleft lip and palate. Ten performed the classifications using a 4-point scale (absent, mild, moderate, and severe) and, after two weeks, using a 3-point scale (absent, slightly hypernasal, and very hypernasal). Other ten students performed the same classifications, but in reverse order. The classifications were made remotely and documented on a form. Results The average percentage of correct responses by the students, in relation to the gold standard, was significantly higher for the 3-point scale. There was no significant interaction between the order of presentation and the scale for the percentage of correct classifications. The students' agreement with the gold standard assessment was fair (3-point scale) and moderate (4-point scale). The mean percentage of agreement of the intra-rater analyses was significantly higher for the 3-point scale. There was no significant interaction between presentation order and scale for the percentage of intra-rater classifications. The Kappa coefficient index showed more favorable intra-rater agreement for the reduced scale. Conclusion The reduced scale favored the classification of speech hypernasality by listeners and can be considered an important strategy to favor the initial evaluations of students in Speech Therapy during their training.