bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of The Medical Board Exam in Portugal
Authors: Reis Marques* Tiago , Laíns* Inês , Martins Maria João , Goiana-da-Silva Francisco , Sampaio Filipa , Pessanha Inês , Fernandes Diogo Hipólito , Brandão Mariana , Pinto Teixeira Pedro , Oliveira Santos Manuel de , Silva João Carlos , Ribeiro João Carlos
Published: December 2018

Introduction: There is a high heterogeneity in the structure of postgraduate medical training evaluation worldwide. However, in contrast to other countries, there have been no scientific studies of the final medical board examination, in Portugal. The present study aimed to evaluate the adequacy of the medical board examination including its validity as measured by its association with medical school grade average and national seriation examination.Material and Methods: Cross-sectional, observational study. We analyzed the final results on the medical board examination of 2439 physicians, across 47 specialties, who completed their training in 2016 and 2017, using measures of central tendency and variability. We assessed the association between these grades and the national exam to initiate residency, and the grade average in Medical School.Results: Measures of central tendency and variability, and consequent shape measures, revealed that the distribution of the scores of the final medical board exam is extremely negatively asymmetric and leptokurtic. A positive association was also found between the results in this exam and the score on national exam to initiate residency, and the grade average in Medical School.Conclusion: Although the medical board examination was, in general, positively associated with scores on the national exam to initiate residency, and the mean final Medical School grades, thus indicating its potential validity, our results demonstrate that this exam presents no satisfactory discriminative capacity. Therefore, there is room to improve the actual postgraduate medical examination model, including changes in its classification system and potentially consider other assessment models.
Comportamentos Alimentares Problemáticos após Cirurgia Bariátrica: Um Estudo com Amostra Nacional Portuguesa
Authors: Conceição Eva , Teixeira Flávia , Rodrigues Tânia , Lourdes Marta de , Bastos Ana Pinto , Vaz Ana , Ramalho Sofia
Published: December 2018

Introdução: A cirurgia bariátrica é o método mais eficaz para o tratamento da obesidade mórbida. No entanto, o desenvolvimento de psicopatologia alimentar e o aparecimento de comportamentos alimentares problemáticos têm sido relatados na literatura. Este estudo transversal teve como objetivo a caracterização da população pós-cirurgia bariátrica em termos da frequência de comportamentos alimentares problemáticos ao longo do tempo e a compreensão das características psicológicas associadas.Material e Métodos: A amostra foi constituída por 155 doentes sujeitos a cirurgia bariátrica que responderam a instrumentos de autorrelato destinados a avaliar psicopatologia alimentar, comportamentos alimentares problemáticos, ansiedade, depressão e stress e comportamento impulsivo.Resultados: Os resultados mostram que o petisco contínuo, a ingestão alimentar compulsiva, a preocupação com o peso e com a forma e a urgência negativa são significativamente mais frequentes 24 meses após a cirurgia bariátrica (comparativamente com momentos pós-operatórios mais precoces). A psicopatologia alimentar e a presença de comportamentos alimentares problemáticos correlacionam-se significativa e positivamente com níveis de ansiedade, depressão, stress e urgência negativa. Este estudo reforça ainda o papel mediador da urgência negativa na relação entre tempo decorrido desde a cirurgia e distress psicológico, e comportamentos alimentares problemáticos, explicando 32,3% e 27,2% da variância, respectivamente.Discussão: Os resultados apontam para uma tendência crescente de doentes a reportar comportamentos alimentares problemáticos e níveis de impulsividade ao longo do tempo.Conclusão: Tendo em conta a evidência estabelecida do seu impacto na perda e aumento ponderal, a identificação precoce de comportamentos alimentares problemáticos e de doentes com tendência para agir impulsivamente em situações de emocionalidade negativa deve ser central no acompanhamento do doente sujeito a cirurgia bariátrica.
Synthesis, solvatochromism, electronic structure and nonlinear optic properties of quinolin-8-yl 2-hydroxybenzoate
Authors: Gümüş Ayşegül , Gülseven Sıdır Yadigar , Sıdır İsa , Gümüş Selçuk
Published: December 2018

Quinolin-8-yl-2-hydroxybenzoate (abbreviated as QHB) was synthesized and investigated both experimentally and theoretically to obtain its physical and electronic properties. The electronic structure and spectral behavior have been determined by using UV-vis absorption and fluorescence spectra in different 11 polarity solvent medium. The absorption band observed at 306 nm-308 nm is found to having mix of π-π* and n-π* electronic transitions due to its geometrical structure in the solution phase. Solvatochromism of QHB is investigated by using Kamlet-Taft and Catalan methods based on the linear solvation energy relationships (LSER). Kamlet-Taft solvatochromic model indicates that spectral shifts of absorption and fluorescence spectra are effectively controlled by dispersion-polarization forces which describe the non-specific interactions. Solvatochromic model of Catalan designates that solute-solvent interaction is governed by solvent polarity in the absorption spectra and by solvent acidity in the fluorescence spectra. Non-specific interactions have greater effect on fluorescence spectra compared to absorption spectra. Computational calculations were performed by the application of B3LYP/6-311+(d,p) level of theory. Conformational analysis is performed for QHB and five staggered conformers are observed on torsional potential energy surfaces. Accordingly, the most stable conformer is found as involving intra-molecular hydrogen bonding. The geometry of the other conformers indicates that the absence of hydrogen bonding gives rise to relatively higher energy.  Frontier molecular orbitals (HOMO, LUMO) and non-linear optical (NLO) parameters have been calculated by B3LYP/6-311+(d,p) level of theory. Theoretical UV spectra both in gas and solution phases have also been investigated by TDDFT-CAM-B3LYP/6-311+(d,p) level of theory.
Infrared and Raman spectra of cubic form of magnesium caesium arsenate hexahydrate
Authors: Stefov Viktor , Koleva Violeta , Najdoski Metodija , Cahil Adnan , Abdija Zuldjevat
Published: December 2018

Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra recorded at room temperature (RT) and at the boiling temperature of liquid nitrogen (LNT), as well as Raman spectra recorded at room temperature for the cubic polymorph of magnesium cesium arsenate hexahydrate (MgCsAsO4·6H2O) and its partially deuterated analogues, were interpreted with respect to the normal modes of the water molecules and the arsenate ions and water librations. The spectral characteristics of MgCsAsO4·6H2O were compared to the cubic form of the phosphate analogue. A spectral similarity between the two isostructural salts was established, except for the obvious differences due to the nature of the anions (AsO43– vs PO43–). The spectroscopic data for the uncoupled OD stretching mode of the matrix-isolated HDO molecules revealed that the hydrogen bonds formed in the arsenate salt were stronger than those in the phosphate. In the Raman spectrum of the protiated compound, only one very intensive band at 811 cm–1 was observed in the region of the stretching vibrations of the AsO43– ion, which was insensitive to deuteration. In accordance with the expectation, one band appeared in the same spectral range in the infrared spectra of the protiated and highly deuterated sample at 792 cm–1 and 810 cm–1, respectively, which can be attributed with certainty to the asymmetric stretching ν3(AsO4) modes.
DENGE FEVER IN EMERGENCY MEDICAL PRACTICE
Authors: Zvereva N. N. , Kadyshev V. A. , Sayfullin R. F. , Smetanina S. V. , Sayfullin M. A.
Published: December 2018

Due to the increasing number of Russian citizen’s visits to the countries of the tropical countries, the number of cases of imported endemic infectious diseases, mostly dengue fever (DF), also had increased. Dengue fever is an acute viral vector-borne disease, accompanied by fever and intoxication, with the possible development of hemorrhagic syndrome and shock, in which survival depends from the time of initiation of intensive therapy. The greatest incidence of DF in Moscow is associated with travelling to tropical countries during the Christmas holidays, which coincides with the seasonal rise in the incidence of influenza and other ARTI’s. However, ambulance medical workers in most cases (except for the cases of calling the ambulance team to the medical organization during the working hours of the laboratory) are not able to carry out and assess even the minimum of hematological parameters. Therefore, when diagnosing and determining the phase of the disease and its severity, the ambulance medical worker can rely only on epidemiological and clinical data. In this regard, a group of authors proposed an algorithm for early diagnosis and treatment of patients with suspected dengue fever at the prehospital stage, taking into account clinical symptoms and standardized tourniquet test.
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE MORPHOMETRIC RESEARCH OF BILE IN EARLY DIAGNOSTICS OF BILIOUS STONE FORMATION
Authors: Vakhrushev Ya. M. , Khokhlacheva N. A. , Moseeva M. V. , Glazyrina N. N. , Bystrova A. V.
Published: December 2018

The aim. To study the changes in the morphological picture of bile depending on the age of the patients and the possibility of using the information obtained in this way in the early diagnosis of gall stone formation.

Material and methods. The study included 396 patients with stage I cholelithiasis, group 1 consisted of 125 patients of mature age (30-44 years), group 2 — 164 patients of middle age (45-59 years), group 3 — 107 elderly patients (60-74 years). The examined groups of patients were balanced by sex. In the verification of the diagnosis, in addition to general clinical data, results of echographic examination of the gallbladder were used. Multifractional duodenal sounding with the subsequent macroscopic, microscopic, morphometric, biochemical and physical investigation of bile is carried out. To study the morphological picture, features of the microstructure of gallbladder bile, the assessment of crystallograms was carried out.

Results. When echographic examination of the gallbladder in all patients was determined signs of biliary sludge. The destabilization of bile is evidenced by an increase in cholesterol, a decrease in bile acids, a cholesterol ratio, an increase in its viscosity and surface tension. A morphometric study of the cystic bile of patients with early gallstone disease showed a decrease in the angle of inclination of liquid crystal lines, as well as the appearance of optically active inclusions, such as branched dendrites with lamellar branches, entangled fiber aggregates, shield-like aggregates and short branched dendrites. With an increase in the tendency of bile to stone formation, the optical activity of microcrystals increases, lamellar druses and branched plateau-like aggregates are determined.

Conclusion The crystal-optic method of studying bile is highly sensitive, but at the same time simple in its execution and can be widely used in the early diagnosis of cholelithiasis. The degree of violation of the microstructure of bile increases with increasing age of patients.
CASE OF ACQUIRED COAGULOPATHY
Authors: Vatutin M. T. , Gasendich E. S. , Iofe E. I.
Published: December 2018

In recent years, the number of patients receiving anticoagulant therapy worldwide is growing rapidly. This is due to the rapidly expanding scope of their application: an increasing number of patients with non-valvular heart disease, including atrial fibrillation, the risk of thromboembolic events, an increase in the number of surgical interventions, especially in cardiac surgery (in the treatment of valvular heart disease, cardiac anomalies, infective endocarditis, staging of heart pacemakers, conducting electric cardioversion), the use of anticoagulants in the treatment of other organs and systems (in neurology, angiosurgery, obstetrics and gynecology). Despite the presence of a large number of anticoagulants in the arsenal of the modern physician, one of the most studied and often prescribed is varfarin. Warfarin is an anticoagulant of the indirect action of the coumarin group, a competitive antagonist of vitamin K. However, along with high availability and efficiency of its use, it has a large number of possible contraindications and features of the reception, such as: many drug-drug and other interactions, the need for careful control of the dosage and the regimen of the drug, strict control of the international normalized ratio throughout therapy. With caution, this drug should be used in patients who abuse alcohol and have cognitive impairment. In this group of patients, in addition to personal awareness of patients, it is necessary to conduct explanatory conversations with relatives / caregivers about all possible side effects and measures for their prevention. Non-observance of precautionary measures at therapy by warfarin can lead to heavy, and in rare instances even lethal consequences, one of which is warfarin-induced coagulopathy. This clinical case presents a case of the development of severe acquired (warfarin-induced) coagulopathy in a patient with cognitive dysfunction.
A-DIVA Score and the Implementation of the Use of Ultrasound-Guided Peripheral Intravenous Access in the Emergency Department: A Brief Literature Review
Authors: Nacci Annette D.
Published: December 2018

Background: Peripheral intravenous (PIV) access is performed daily in the emergency department (ED). Difficult to access patients receive multiple intravenous attempts prior to successful cannulation. USGPIVA is a noninvasive technique to improve successful cannulation with the first attempt on a difficult to access patient. Use of the A-DIVA scoring method may determine difficult access patients prior to cannulation attempts. Purpose: The purpose of this literature review was to examine A-DIVA score and the implementation of the use of ultrasound-guided peripheral intravenous access in the emergency department. Method: A systematic review of USGIV was completed of the following databases: OVID, Current Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PubMed, EBSCO host, and Google Scholar. Conclusion: A gap existed in the use of USGPIV in the ED. Therefore, the application of an A-DIVA score to implement USGPIV access may be beneficial. The A-DIVA prediction tool may improve the success rate of peripheral vascular access in adults rated to have difficult vascular access. Research studies on this important topic are recommended.
Combining Ability of Sixteen USA Maize Inbred Lines and Their Outbreeding Prospects in China
Authors: Jiying Sun , Gao Ju-lin , Yu Xiao-fang , Liu Jian , Su Zhi-jun , Feng Ye , Wang Dong
Published: December 2018

In China, there is an increasing need for greater genetic diversity in maize (Zea mays L.) germplasm and hybrids appropriate for mechanical harvesting. In order to test and distinguish American maize inbred lines with exceptional combining ability, four Chinese maize inbred lines (Chang7-2, Zheng 58, four-144 and four-287) were used to judge the combining ability and heterosis of 16 USA inbred lines by a NCII genetic mating method. The results showed that among the American inbred lines, 6M502A, LH208, NL001, LH212Ht, PHW51, FBLA and LH181 expressed good GCA for yield characteristics; while RS710, PHP76, FBLA, and PHJ89 showed excellent GCA for machine harvesting characteristics. Five hybrids (NL001 × Chang7-2, LH212Ht × Chang7-2, FBLA × four-144, LH181 × four-287, PHK93 × four-287) had better SCA values for yield characteristics, at 1.69, 1.07, 1.48, 1.84 and 1.05, respectively; while NL001 × Chang 7-2, 6M502A × Chang7-2, LH212Ht × Chang7-2, LH181 × four-287, PHW51 × Chang7-2 had better TCA values for yield characteristics, at 3.03, 2.80, 2.41, 2.19 and 1.91, respectively; NL001 × Chang7-2, 6M502A × Chang7-2, LH212Ht × Chang7-2, LH181 × four-287, PHW51 × Chang7-2 showed excellent Control Heterosis values, with 21.48%, 19.64%, 15.93%, 14.05% and 11.60% increases, respectively, compared to the check and potential for future utilization in Inner Mongolian corn production.
Authentic Student Laboratory Classes in Science Education
Authors: Schulte Jurgen
Published: December 2018

The traditional hands-on nature in science laboratory classes creates a sense of immediacy and a presence of authenticity in such learning experiences. The handling of physical objects in a laboratory class, and the immediate responses provided by these experiments, are certainly real-live observations, yet may be far from instilling an authentic learning experience in students. This paper explores the presence of authenticity in hands-on laboratory classes in introductory science laboratories. With our own laboratory program as a backdrop we introduce four general types of hands-on laboratory experiences and assign degrees of authenticity according the processes and student engagement associated with them. We present a newly developed type of hands-on experiment which takes a somewhat different view of the concept of hands-on in a laboratory class. A proxemics-based study of teacher-student interactions in the hands-on laboratory classes presents us with some insights into the design of the different types of laboratory classes and the pedagogical presumptions we made. A step-by-step guide on how to embed industry engagement in the curriculum and the design of an authentic laboratory program is presented to highlight some minimum requirement for the sustainability of such program and pitfalls to avoid.
LSTM Neural Network for Textual Ngrams
Authors: D'Souza Shaun C.
Published: December 2018

Cognitive neuroscience is the study of how the human brain functions on tasks like decision making, language, perception and reasoning. Deep learning is a class of machine learning algorithms that use neural networks. They are designed to model the responses of neurons in the human brain. Learning can be supervised or unsupervised. Ngram token models are used extensively in language prediction. Ngrams are probabilistic models that are used in predicting the next word or token. They are a statistical model of word sequences or tokens and are called Language Models or Lms. Ngrams are essential in creating language prediction models. We are exploring a broader sandbox ecosystems enabling for AI. Specifically, around Deep learning applications on unstructured content form on the web.
A Detection algorithm based on Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Rong Fei , Shasha Li , Qingzheng Xu , Kun Liu
Published: December 2018

The Station logo is a way for a TV station to claim copyright, which can realize the analysis and understanding of the video by the identification of the station logo, so as to ensure that the broadcasted TV signal will not be illegally interfered. In this paper, we design a station logo detection method based on Convolutional Neural Network by the characteristics of the station, such as small scale-to-height ratio change and relatively fixed position. Firstly, in order to realize the preprocessing and feature extraction of the station data, the video samples are collected, filtered, framed, labeled and processed. Then, the training sample data and the test sample data are divided proportionally to train the station detection model. Finally, the sample is tested to evaluate the effect of the training model in practice. The simulation experiments prove its validity.
A Hidden Markov Model for the Linguistic Analysis of the Voynich’s Manuscript
Authors: Acedo Luis
Published: December 2018

Hidden markov models are a very useful tool in the modelling of time series and any sequence of data. In particular, they have been successfully applied to the field of mathematical linguistics. In this paper, we apply a hidden markov model to analyze the underlying structure of an ancient and complex manuscript, known as Voynich's manuscript, that remains still undeciphered. By assuming a certain number of internal states representations for the symbols of the manuscript we train the network by means of the $\alpha$ and $\beta$-pass algorithms to optimize the model. By this procedure, we are able to obtain the so-called transition and observation matrices in order to compare with known languages concerning the frequency of consonant and vowel sounds. From this analysis, we conclude that transitions occur between the two states with similar frequencies to other languages. Moreover, the identification of the vowel and consonant sounds matches some previous tentative bottom-up approaches to decode the manuscript.
Muon Radiography of Ancient Mines: the San Silvestro Archaeo-Mining Park (Campiglia Marittima, Tuscany)
Authors: Baccani Guglielmo , Bonechi Lorenzo , Bongi Massimo , Brocchini Debora , Casagli Nicola , Ciaranfi Roberto , Cimmino Luigi , Ciulli Vitaliano , D'Alessandro Raffaello , Del Ventisette Chiara , Dini Andrea , Gigli Giovanni , Gonzi Sandro , Guideri Silvia , Lombardi Luca , Melon Barbara , Nocentini Massimiliano , Noli Pasquale , Mori Nicola , Saracino Giulio , Viliani Lorenzo
Published: December 2018

Muon radiography is an imaging technique based on the measurement of the absorption of cosmic ray muons. This technique has recently been used successfully to investigate the presence of unknown cavities in the Bourbon Gallery in Naples and in the Cheops Pyramid at Cairo. The MIMA detector (Muon Imaging for Mining and Archaeology) is a muon tracker prototype for the application of muon radiography in the Archaeological and Mining fields. It is made of three couples of X-Y planes each consisting of 21 scintillator bars with silicon photomultiplier read-out. The detector is compact, robust, easily transportable and has a low power consumption: all of that makes the detector ideal for measurements in narrow and isolated environments. With this detector we have performed a measurement from inside the Temperino mine in the San Silvestro archaeo-mining park in Tuscany. The park includes about 25 km of mining tunnels arranged on several levels that have been excavated since the Etruscan time. The measured muon absorption was compared to the simulated one, obtained from the information provided by 3D laser scanner measurements and the cartographic maps of the mountain above the mine, in order to obtain information on the average density of the rock. This allowed to confirm the presence of a partially accessible exploitation opening and gave some hints on the presence of a high density body within the rock.
Taming Disruption? Pervasive Data Analytics, Uncertainty, and Policy Intervention in Disruptive Technology and Its Geographic Spread
Authors: Brackin Roger C. , Jackson Michael J. , Leyshon Andrew , Morley Jeremy G.
Published: December 2018

The topic of technology development and its disruptive effects has been the subject of much debate over the last 20 years with numerous theories at both macro and micro scale offering potential models of technology progression and disruption. This paper focuses on how the potential theories of technology progression can be integrated and considers whether suitable indicators of this progression and any subsequent disruptive effects (particularly considering these geographically) might be derived, based on the use of big data analytic techniques. Given the magnitude of the economic, social and political implications of many disruptive technologies, the ability to quantify disruptive change at the earliest possible stage could deliver major returns by reducing uncertainty, assisting public policy intervention and managing the technology transition through disruption into deployment. However, determining when this stage has been reached is problematic because small random effects in the timing, direction of development, the availability of essential supportive technologies or “platform” technologies, market response or government policy can all result in failure of a technology, its form of adoption or optimality of implementation. This paper reviews some of the key models of technology evolution and their disruptive effect including, in particular, the geographical spread of disruption. It suggests a methodology for utilising the recent explosion of open and web-discoverable data to determine a methodology to achieve this earlier determination and considers the potential exploitation of big data modelling and predictive analytical techniques to achieve this goal.
Pongamia (Pongamia pinnata): A Sustainable Alternative for Biofuel Production and Land Restoration in Indonesia
Authors: Leksono Budi , Rahman Syed , Purbaya Deki , Samsudin Yusuf , Lee Soo , Maimunah Siti , Maulana Agus , Wohono Jaya , Baral Himlal
Published: December 2018

Indonesia has a large area of degraded land, i.e. 30 million ha, which could potentially be utilized for biofuel plantations. The leguminous tree pongamia (Pongamia pinnata syn. Milettia pinnata) could be utilized to produce biofuel while restoring degraded land. Here, we explore the potential of pongamia as a source of biofuel and for restoring degraded land in Indonesia. Pongamia occurs across Indonesia, in Sumatra, Java, Bali, West Nusa Tenggara and Maluku. It grows to a height of 15–20 m and can grow in a range of environmental conditions. Its seeds can generate up to 40% crude oil by weight. It can help to restore degraded land and improve soil properties. Pongamia also provides wood, fodder, medicine, fertilizer and biogas. Therefore, as a multipurpose species, pongamia holds great potential to combat Indonesia’s energy crisis and to restore much of the degraded land.
Analisis Hubungan antara Infrastruktur Jalan dan Tax Capacity: Studi Kasus Indonesia
Authors: Andriany Dian , Qibthiyyah Riatu Mariatul
Published: December 2018

The study explore the relationship between road and spending infrastructure with tax capacity in Indonesia. Using stochastic frontier analysis method and tax revenue data of 34 provinces in 2011–2016, this study confirms positive relationship between infrastructure spending and central and local tax capacity, while the availability of road infrastructure has positive significant impact only on local tax capacity. The level of income and education indicates a positive significantly effect both on central and local tax capacity. However, the greater the dominance of the agricultural sector in the economy tends to reduce central tax capacity. Similarly, tax administration factors aect central tax capacity positively. ========================== Penelitian ini berusaha mengeksplorasi hubungan antara infrastruktur jalan dan belanja infrastruktur dengan tax capacity di Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan metode stokastik frontier dan data penerimaan pajak mencakup 34 provinsi pada 2011–2016, hasil penelitian menunjukkan hubungan positif antara belanja infrastruktur dengan tax capacity pajak pusat maupun daerah, sedangkan ketersediaan infrastruktur hanya berpengaruh positif dan signifikan pada tax capacity pajak daerah. Tingkat pendapatan dan pendidikan masyarakat secara signifikan menunjukkan pengaruh positif, baik terhadap tax capacity pajak pusat maupun daerah. Akan tetapi, semakin besar dominasi sektor pertanian dalam perekonomian cenderung mengurangi tax capacity pajak pusat di provinsi tersebut. Demikian halnya faktor administrasi perpajakan berpengaruh positif terhadap tax capacity pajak pusat.
Dampak Keterbukaan Perdagangan terhadap Ketimpangan Pendapatan di Indonesia
Authors: Wiguna Ayas Tasli , Panennungi Maddaremmeng
Published: December 2018

Debates over the effect of trade openness on inequality across regions in a country have been arising. Mainly apply on developing countries, such as Indonesia, trade openness affect different level of development across regions. This study is aimed at determining the effect of trade openness on inequality within provinces in Indonesia. A panel data analysis of 33 Indonesian provinces in the period of 2006–2015 has showed that trade openness has no significant effect on regional inequality. =========================== Keterkaitan antara keterbukaan perdagangan dengan ketimpangan pendapatan regional masih menjadi perdebatan hingga saat ini. Khususnya pada negara berkembang, seperti Indonesia, keterbukaan perdagangan akan memberikan dampak yang berbeda pada setiap kabupaten/kota di dalam provinsi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak keterbukaan perdagangan terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan antarkabupaten/kota di dalam provinsi di Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan analisis data panel dari 33 provinsi dalam rentang tahun 2006–2015, hasil yang didapatkan adalah keterbukaan perdagangan tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan kabupaten/kota di dalam provinsi di Indonesia.
Model Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Indonesia: Peranan Ketergantungan Spasial
Authors: Aspiansyah Aspiansyah , Damayanti Arie
Published: December 2018

This study aims to examine the role of spatial dependence on Indonesia’s regional economic growth based on panel data of all provinces in Indonesia during 1990–2015. By using spatial durbin model, the authors found that spatial dependence plays an important role in achieving regional economic growth in Indonesia. Indonesia’s regional economic growth model that controls spatial dependence, yields better estimates than growth model that does not control spatial dependence. The researchers also found positive spatial spillover to Indonesia’s regional economic growth sourced from other region’s economic growth and initial per capita incomes, as well as population growth in other regions. ============================ Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peranan ketergantungan spasial terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi regional Indonesia berdasarkan data panel seluruh provinsi di Indonesia selama tahun 1990–2015. Dengan menggunakan model durbin spasial, penulis menemukan bahwa ketergantungan spasial berperan penting dalam pencapaian pertumbuhan ekonomi regional di Indonesia. Model pertumbuhan ekonomi regional Indonesia yang mengontrol ketergantungan spasial menghasilkan estimasi yang lebih baik daripada model pertumbuhan ekonomi regional Indonesia yang tidak mengontrol ketergantungan spasial. Peneliti jugamenemukan terjadinya spatial spillover yang positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi regional Indonesia yang bersumber dari pertumbuhan ekonomi wilayah lain, pendapatan per kapita awal dari wilayah lain dan pertumbuhan penduduk wilayah lain.
Dampak Desentralisasi Fiskal terhadap Volatilitas Belanja Pemerintah Kabupaten/Kota di Indonesia
Authors: Mahi Benedictus Raksaka , Supriyanti Syarah Siti
Published: December 2018

The volatility of expenditures sub-local derived from central government transparency in transfers to local governments may aggravate sublocal economy. This study aims to analyze the eect of fiscal decentralization to the level of volatility of local government spending in 230 sub-local in Indonesia. We use two periods, before and after the implementation of Law No. 28 Year 2009. The regression results indicate that the volatility of local government spending may decrease if the degree of fiscal decentralization increases, especially at the time when districts implement that law. As responsive taxation can provide incentives for smooth spending for sub-local government. ================================= Volatilitas belanja pemerintah kabupaten/kota yang berasal dari ketidakpastian transfer pemerintah pusat kepada pemerintah daerah dapat memperburuk perekonomian kabupaten/kota. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh desentralisasi fiskal terhadap tingkat volatilitas belanja riil pemerintah pada 230 kabupaten/kota di Indonesia serta membandingkan data sebelum dan sesudah implementasi UU No. 28 Tahun 2009. Hasil menunjukkan semakin tinggi derajat desentralisasi fiskal, cenderung menurunkan volatilitas belanja riil pemerintah kabupaten/kota karena kemampuan fiskal kabupaten/kota cenderung meningkat setelah implementasi UU tersebut. Pajak properti merupakan sumber penerimaan daerah yang dapat diprediksi sehingga pemerintah kabupaten/kota dapat mengelola belanja daerahnya dengan lebih pasti dan terukur.
Gustav Radbruch’s supposed turn against positivism: a matter of balancing
Authors: Trivisonno Alexandre Travessoni Gomes , De Oliveira Júlio Aguiar
Published: December 2018

This essay offers an investigation on the debated question of Radbruch’s supposed turn from positivism to non-positivism after World War II. It also intends to check whether this turn can be attributed to different balancing proposals among the main elements of Radbruch’s legal philosophy. To do that, three main questions must be answered: (i) whether Radbruch was a positivist before the war; (ii) what was his position after the war; and (iii) what was the relationship between the turn in his thought and the weight he gives to the two main dimensions (or principles) of his philosophy, namely “material correctness” (or “justice”) and “legal certainty”.
Corrupción en Colombia: ¿cómo prevenirla?
Authors: Valencia-Tello Diana Carolina
Published: December 2018

La corrupción es uno de los principales temas que preocupa a los colombianos, debido a los numerosos casos que día a día salen a la luz pública, y que evidencian el mal uso del poder y de los recursos públicos por parte de autoridades y ciudadanos en todos los niveles de gobierno. Durante el 2017, 200 funcionarios, entre fiscales, jueces, magistrados, policías y políticos han sido detenidos por corrupción. Ante esta situación, ¿qué podemos hacer para prevenir la corrupción sistémica en el Estado? Para analizar este interrogante, el presente artículo busca mostrar como la corrupción históricamente fue tolerada en razón a la existencia de una cultura patrimonialista y clientelista dentro de la función pública; para después estudiar la falta de interés de las elites colombianas sobre los controles a la administración en la Constitución de 1886. Posteriormente, será analizado el gran cambio que trajo la Constitución de 1991 en materia de controles a la administración pública, para luego explicar las dificultades que se han presentado en la práctica para cambiar las viejas prácticas.
O financiamento da educação no Brasil como instrumento de aprofundamento da desigualdade social
Authors: Motta Fabrício , Buíssa Leonardo , Barbosa Maísa
Published: December 2018

A Educação e seu financiamento, fundamentais ao desenvolvimento de um povo, apresenta-se como tema complexo cujas dificuldades se mostram aparentemente intransponíveis em nosso país. O presente artigo objetiva analisar o vigente arranjo federativo constitucional de fianciamento cooperativo do direito fundamental à educação, sua relevância para o desenvolvimento do país, bem como em que medida o financiamento educacional tem impactado a desigualdade. Nesse expectro, avaliar-se-á a conformação consitucional do fianciamento à educação, os atos das disposições constitucionais transiórias que afetam diretamente o tema e as informações relativas à desigualdade educacional. Os dados e análises, componentes de uma pesquisa maior, foram extraídos do Anuário Brasileiro da Educação Básica 2017, do relatório Education at a Glance 2017 e do Relatório das desigualdades brasileira-OXFAN. As informações vinculadas à educação demonstram um contrassenso entre o espírito da Constituição e a realidade nacional, onde ocupa o Brasil a desconfortável colocação de décimo país mais desigual do mundo
Código de buenas prácticas en las instalaciones acuáticas
Authors:   Consejería de Educación de la Región de Murcia, Albarracín Pérez Apolonia , Moreno Murcia Juan Antonio ,   Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche
Published: December 2018

Antecedentes: Son pocas la evidencias y propuestas que se pueden encontrar acerca de reflexiones sobre cómo se puede llevar a cabo la práctica de las actividades acuáticas, y que sirvan de ayuda de forma transversal a usuarios, formadores y gestores de instalaciones. El poder unificar criterios y clarificar estos procesos acuáticos, pueden ayudar a mejorar la eficiencia de todas aquellas acciones que se puedan llevar a cabo alrededor del ejercicio acuático. Objetivos: Realizar una propuesta de buena praxis en las actividades acuáticas, siendo la base para proponer una guía que sirva de base para la organización y puesta en práctica de todos los programas realizados en las instalaciones acuáticas. Método: Se analizaron todos los estudios que relacionan el ejercicio acuático con las instalaciones, metodología y normativa. Se llevó a cabo el análisis de los mismos para realizar dicha propuesta, a través de las bases de datos Medline, Scielo, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Google Scolar, Web of Science. Resultados: Se han realizado propuestas en tres líneas, siendo por un lado las personas implicadas en todos los procesos acuáticos (ususarios, formadores y familias), el método utilizado en cada uno de ellos y la necesidad de que la instalación sea adecuada para cada caso. Conclusiones: Se presenta un documento inicial como paso previo para elaborar una guía práctica de buenas prácticas que ayude a usuarios, gestores y profesionales a ubicar de forma más adecuada las necesidades de cada una de las iniciativas de ejercicio acuático que se están llevando a la práctica en las instalaciones.
Development Insights of Surface Modified Lipid Nanoemulsions of Dihydroartemisinin for Malaria Chemotherapy: Characterization, and in vivo Antimalarial Evaluation
Authors: Umeyor Chukwuebuka E. , Obachie Onyedikachi , Chukwuka Rozeeta , Attama Anthony
Published: December 2018

Background: The use of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) for effective malaria treatment is
challenged by its poor aqueous solubility and inadequate bioavailability leading to treatment
failures and emergence of resistant strains. A review of some novel drug delivery systems developed
to address these challenges and their patents revealed that no study has reported the application
of surface modified lipid nanoemulsions for improved antimalarial activity of DHA.

Objective:

The main thrust of this study is to develop oral dihydroartemisinin formulations solubilized
in surface modified lipid nanoemulsions, characterize, and evaluate their activity against
murine malaria.

Method:

Lipid nanoemulsions containing dihydroartemisinin were formulated by high pressure
homogenization using soybean oil, and polyethylene glycol 4000 was employed for surface
modification. The formulations were characterized for droplet size, surface charge, pH, fouriertransform
infrared spectroscopy, and surface morphology, viscosity and drug content efficiency.
In vitro haemolytic study as a function of cytotoxicity using red blood cells as well as in vivo
anti-malarial study using murine malaria model was also investigated.

Results: Nanoemulsions recorded droplet sizes ranging from 26 – 56 nm, and zeta potential in
the range of -28 to -35 mV. The formulations were slightly acidic (pH 4.4 – 5.8) with the drug
molecularly dispersed as seen using infrared spectroscopy. The formulations showed non-
Newtonian flow with significant drug content efficiency in the range of 77-96%. The formulations
did not induce haemolysis of cells and showed good clearance of parasitaemia.

Conclusion:

Surface-modified lipid nanoemulsion is a perfect carrier system for improving the
anti-malarial activity of dihydroartemisinin.
Comparison of Anticancer Properties of Annona muricata L. Acetonic and Methanolic Leaf Extracts
Authors: de Castro Nascimento Jéssica , do Vale Bosso Rosa Maria , Anholeti Maria Carolina , da Silva Castro Elaine , Junior Maximino Alencar Bezerra , do Nascimento Thais Affonso , de Paiva Selma Ribeiro , Fonte de Amorim Lidia Maria da
Published: December 2018

Background:

Phytochemical studies of Annona muricata showed the presence of bioactive
components with anticancer activity. We compared the anticancer properties of crude acetonic
and methanolic A. muricata leaf extracts.

Methods:

The viabilities of different cell lines (A549, U87, U251, K562 and VERO) treated with A.
muricata acetonic or methanolic leaf extracts were measured using the MTT assay. Apoptosis induction,
cell cycle and cytoskeleton rearrangements were evaluated in K562 by flow cytometry or
fluorescence microscopy.

Results:

Chemical analyses of the A. muricata extracts showed differences in their composition. The
K562 cell line was the most sensitive to the treatment with the acetonic and methanolic extracts, and
the IC50 values, respectively were 28.82 (24.41 - 34.69) and 32.49 (27.21 - 40.16) μg/mL. Both extracts
induced apoptotic cell death and G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest. For the first time, cytoskeleton
rearrangements were observed in the K562 cell line treated with methanolic extract.

Conclusion:

These findings suggest that both A. muricata extracts exhibit antileukemic potential
and represent a promising source of novel compounds with anticancer activity.
Assessing Personality Disorders in Adolescence: A Validation Study of the IPOP-A
Authors: Leal Isabel , Silva Sara Bailote , Ramos Maria Meireles , Pedreira Marta , Ramos Vera Santos , Pires Pedro
Published: December 2018

Background:

The need to develop clinical and empirically-based tools for
assessing personality development in adolescence led to the proposal of the IPOP-A
(Ammaniti, Fontana, Kernberg, Clarkin, & Clarkin, 2011), a semi-structured interview for
adolescents that aims to differentiate personality organization processes from characteristics
that may reflect a personality disorder.

Objective and Methods:

This research aimed to evaluate the adaptation of the IPOP-A to the
Portuguese population, attending to its diagnostic properties and its discriminant validity by
comparing a clinical group with a nonclinical one. A total sample of 44 adolescents from 13
to 18 years old has taken part in this study, 22 of whom had a previous personality disorder
diagnosis. The content of the interviews was transcribed and codified according to the
coding manual.

Results:

Acceptable internal consistency values across the dimensions of the IPOP-A are
found and statistically significant differences are revealed between the clinical group and
nonclinical group, with the clinical group revealing values that suggest higher impairment in
the dimensions of the personality functioning in comparison with the nonclinical one.

Conclusion:

Our study supports that the Portuguese version of the IPOP-A can be
considered a valid instrument to identify adolescents with a personality disorder.
Penguasaan civic skills aktivis badan eksekutif mahasiswa (studi di Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta)
Authors: Hidayah Yayuk , Sunarso Sunarso
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan mesndeskripsikan peranan, program, hambatan, upaya BEM UNY dalam meningkatkan civic skills aktivisnya. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan kualitatif. Penentuan subjek dengan purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data observasi, dokumentasi, wawancara. Teknik keabsahan data teknik triangulasi. Teknik analisis dengan  reduksi data, sajian data, dan penarikan simpulan. Hasil penelitian (1) peranan BEM UNY dalam meningkatan civic skills adalah Partner kampus, fasilitator, pengabdian, selain itu BEM UNY mengalami dilema terkait kaderisasi dan diversifikasi gerakan. (2) program BEM UNY yang dapat meningkatkan civic skills, forum sekretaris kementerian, lembar pemantauan, sekolah kader bangsa, sosialisasi 100 hari kinerja BEM,  dialog kebangsaan. (3) hambatan internal  upaya meningkatkan civic skills, keterbatasan sumber daya manusia, banyaknya program kerja, keuangan. Hambatan eksternal, hal teknis dan perubahan kondisi sosial politik. (4) Upaya internal mengatasi hambatan peningkatan civic skill, perekrutan kader secara sistematik, mengutamakan program kerja, menjalin kemitraan. Upaya eksternal pengaktifan papan pengumuman, rapat kementerian secara rutin, pembacaan situasi sosial.Kata kunci: civic skills, BEM UNY THE MASTERY OF CIVIC SKILLS OF STUDENT EXECUTIVE BOARD ACTIVISTS (A STUDY IN STATE UNIVERSITY OF YOGYAKARTA),AbstractThis study aims to describe the role, program, obstacles, BEM UNY efforts in improving the skills of civic activists. Using qualitative research approaches. Determining the subject with purposive sampling. Data collection techniques of observation, documentation, interviews. Technique authenticity of data triangulation technique. Mechanical analysis with data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study (1) UNY BEM role in improving the civic skills are Partner campus, facilitator, devotion, besides UNY BEM has a dilemma related to the regeneration and diversification of movement. (2) UNY BEM program to improve civic skills, forum secretary ministry, monitoring sheets, school cadre nation, socialization 100 days performance of BEM, national dialogue. (3) internal barriers efforts to improve civic skills, limited human resources, the number of work programs, finances. External barriers, technical issues and changes in political and social conditions. (4) Efforts to overcome internal barriers to increase civic skills, recruitment of cadres systematically, prioritize work program, a partnership. Efforts to external activation bulletin boards, regular ministerial meetings, reading social situations.Keywords: civic skills, BEM UNY
Evaluasi pelaksanaan Peraturan Walikota Yogyakarta No 53 Tahun 2011 tentang Gerakan Segoro Amarto dalam penanggulangan kemiskinan
Authors: Tuasikal Patma , Sunarso Sunarso
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi kesesuain Program Gerakan Segoro Amarto (PGSA) dengan kebutuhan masyarakat,mengungkapkan implementasi PGSA berdasarkan dampak sosial ekonomi untuk mengetahui kendala implementasi PGSA di Kota Yogyakarta. Jenis penetian deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan evaluasi program model CIPP. Penentuan subjek teknik purposive. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, dokumentasi, dan observasi. Analisis data interaktif model . Hasil penelitian menunjukan: (1) PGSA dilaksanakan karena kepadatan penduduk masih tinggi, tingkat kemiskinan relatif besar, pergeseran nilai gotong royong, (2) Implementasi PGSA meliputi; sosialisasi, pendataan/pemetaan, penyaluran dana, pengambilan dana, penggunaan dana, monitoring/evaluasi, pelaporan, 3) Dampak sosial ekonomi cukup baik pada hubungan lingkungan sosial budaya, berkembangnya usaha ekonomi, memberantas kemiskinan, peningkatan pendidikan, peningkatan kesehatan, 4) Kendalanya, kurang adanya komunikasi yang baik, sosialisasi program terlalu cepat, bertumpuknya program masyarakat, usulan tanah program sulit terealisasi, kurang adanya pemanfaatan dana, kurang meratanya daya dukung masyarakat.Kata kunci: gerakan segoro amarto, penanggulangan kemiskinan AN EVALUATION OF YOGYAKARTA  MAYOR REGULATION NO.53 OF 2011 CONCERNING THE MOVEMENT OF SEGORO PROGRAM IN POVERTY REDUCTIONAbstractThis study aims to evaluate the suitability SAMP  with the community needs, as well as revealing SAMP implementation based on socio-economic impacts to determine SAMP implementation constraints in the city of Yogyakarta. The study used a model of CIPP program evaluation approach developed. The subjects purposive technique. The data collected using interview, documentation, and observation. analyzed using the interactive model. The results showed: (1) implemented SAMP because the population density is still high, poverty rate is still relatively large, the value of mutual cooperation. (2) The implementation SAMP include; dissemination, data collection / mapping, disbursement of funds, the withdrawal of funds, use of funds, monitoring / evaluation, reporting, (3) socio-economic effects quite well on the relationship socio-cultural environment, development of the economy, eradicate poverty, education health, improving health, (4) the constraints, lack of good communication, socialization program too quickly, the accumulation of the public program, the proposed program of land difficult to be realized, lack of utilization of the funds, uneven community supports.Keywords: segoro amarto movement program, poverty reduction,