bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How Gamelan Music Has Influenced Me as a Music Therapist - A Personal Account
Authors: Loth Helen
Published: November 2014

This essay discusses how the playing of Indonesian Gamelan music has influenced my work as a music therapist. Having played Gamelan music for 23 years it is part of my musical identity. I reflect on what drew me to the Gamelan and the relevance this has to its use in music therapy practice. I feel that the unique ways in which the group plays together in this music have influenced how I work musically in my clinical group-work. These features include the lack of a conductor and consequent emphasis on listening and responding to aural cues, group communication, the culture of inclusion and the lack of hierarchy. I also discuss how I have used gamelan in the training of music therapy students and consider some directions for future research.
"Take It From the Top, Les"
Authors: Rio Robin
Published: November 2014

Musical performance can be a life-long creative practice that helps to nurture and support the life of a music therapist. This story offers a personal perspective of the meaning of shared music experiences outside the clinical setting, and focuses on the value of continuing performance of one's "own music," that which is personally relevant, through different phases of life.
Me Making Music, Music Making Me: Unexpected Travels in Music and Music Therapy
Authors: Nicol Jennifer James
Published: November 2014

Personal stories illuminate the particular while also hinting at the universal in its many variations. I offer my story because of its very ordinary and everyday nature. The particulars of this version evolved through reflection and conceptualization, that is, recalling personal anecdotes of lived experience and lived meaning as well as situating them in theory. This paper is organized developmentally and parallels three musically distinct phases in my life - from 8 until 18 years, 18 to 28 years, and 28 to 38 years. Each phase is characterized by personal and professional factors that, together, offer variations on the common theme of music as a lifelong endeavor. They also illustrate the two phrases, "me-making-music" and "music-making-me," which were coined in thinking about my experience with music as a lifelong endeavor.
Apprendre la musicothérapie et devenir musicothérapeute: la dimension expérientielle
Authors: Préfontaine Josée
Published: November 2014

Cet article présente succintement les caractéristiques générales de l'apprentissage, aborde les défis que pose l'apprentissage de la musicotherapie au devenir musicothérapeute et s'interroge sur la place de l'apprentissage expérientiel dans ce contexte. Il decrit les transformations personnelles qu'a suscité cet apprentissage dans la zone du rapport à soi, du rapport aux autres et de l'espace potentiel de I'auteur, notant leur impact sur la genése de sa pratique et de sa conception de la musicothérapie. Il invite à rendre justice au pôle a "therapie" de notre discipline.
How Voices Could Promote Music Therapy Knowledge by Not Being a Research Journal
Authors: Stige Brynjulf , Kenny Carolyn
Published: November 2014

Research is integral to the development of any discipline and profession, music therapy being no exception. It may seem paradoxical then, that the vision statement of Voices could be interpreted as communicating the intention of promoting the development of music therapy knowledge by not being a research journal.
The Use of Music in Healthcare Contexts: A Select Review of Writings From the 1890s to the 1940s
Authors: Edwards Jane
Published: November 2014

Playing live music with people who are ill to promote optimal states of health and well being is a contemporary practice which has origins as far back as the written historical record. This paper examines a select range of literature from the academic spheres of medicine, music and music education published in the late 19th century through to the mid 20th century in order to interrogate and explore aspects of the history of music therapy and its development in the English speaking world.
生政治学の視点から音楽療法を再考する
Authors: Miyake Hiroko
Published: November 2014

本論では、フーコー(1977、1990)、アガンベン(1998、1999)、ハート＆ネグリ(2000、2004)による生権力や生政治の視点から、音楽療法プロセスの再考を試みる。

　筆者の研究の中心的焦点は、音楽療法の政治的意味に関わるものである。このことについて本論では、Nordic Journal of Music Therapy誌に掲載された、エドワード事例の第1回目のセッションに関する議論を例に検討する。そこには、文化的に受け入れられる、ある特定の音楽表現へと向かう方向性が療法的意味と見なされているように思われる。ここで論じられている音楽的統合は、"行動の可能性"を増すものと捉えられているが、また一方で文明化(社会的適合)のプロセスでもあるだろう。生政治の視点から見ると、これまでの議論は専らビオスbiosの側、すなわち文明化の側から論じられ、ゾーエの側、すなわちクライエントの生そのものからの視点が欠けている傾向があったのではないかと考えられる。

　音楽療法を通じた文化的統合は、果たして本当にクライエントのアイデンティティ構築を援助するものなのだろうか？本論では、このような問いをさらに探求するために、ハート＆ネグリによるマルチチュードmultitudeの概念を紹介する。これは、音楽表現の特異性を尊重する新しい音楽作りのあり方を追求する上で示唆を与えるものであり、近年の多くの音楽療法士達の考えに呼応するものと考えられる。
Musicoterapia en enfermedad de Parkinson
Authors: Hazard Sergio
Published: November 2014

Este trabajo presenta los resultados de la experiencia de intervención musicoterapéutica en pacientes con Parkinson del Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación del Instituto Nacional de Geriatría de Santiago de Chile.
Musical Preferences of Argentines and Uruguayans Living in Australia: Implications for Music Therapy Clinical Practice
Authors: Moore Christobel C , Baker Felicity A
Published: November 2014

This article provides an overview of the elements that impact on the cultural identity of Argentines and Uruguayans in Australia, their relationship to music and the implications for music therapy clinical practice. A survey collected quantitative data on musical preferences and qualitative data on what respondents associated with different genres. The final sample of 12 respondents was not representative of the Australian communities, but collected data was congruent with the reviewed literature and significant internal consistency was observed.
Classical music, ballads, folk and tango had the highest preference across age groups with consistent associations on musical, intrapersonal, interpersonal and abstract levels.
Music-centered Music Therapy: Contributions for the Present and Future of Music Therapy
Authors: Brandalise André
Published: November 2014

This article aims to make a reflection about the music-centered Music Therapy movement (its origin, thoughts, theories, practice and philosophy) as one of the possibilities for the present and future of Music Therapy in Brazil and in the world. In doing so, music-centered music therapy does not intend to discuss a way of thinking of Music Therapy processes only but a way of better comprehending Mankind, Creativity, Art, and Health.
Musicoterapia Músico-centrada: Contribuições para o Presente e o Futuro da Musicoterapia
Authors: Brandalise André
Published: November 2014

Este artigo objetiva propor uma reflexão sobre o movimento da Musicoterapia Músico-centrada (sua origem, pensamentos, teorias, prática e filosofia) como uma das possibilidades para o presente e para o futuro da Musicoterapia no Brasil e no mundo. O Músico-centramento não pretende ser somente uma maneira de pensar processos musicoterápicos mas uma maneira de poder melhor compreender Homem, Criatividade, Arte e Saúde.
First Love – An Idealized Object in Music Therapy
Authors: Kim Jinah
Published: November 2014

Therapy often involves the development of an intimate therapeutic relationship between the client and the therapist. By introducing the story of Hyun in music therapy, I invite readers to discover what happens during mutual music making process and what it means to the child and the therapist. I also situate this story within a triadic relationship – the child, the therapist and the family (especially the mother) so that one can see a comprehensive picture of how the happenings of music therapy relate to immediate outside world of music therapy, and vice versa. More importantly, I try to show the inner workings of the therapist and her wonderings in response to the client in order to clarify the core aspects of therapeutic process.
Voices Welcomes Interviews
Authors: Stachyra Krzysztof
Published: November 2014

We are interested in interviews with well-known music therapists as well as lesser-known music therapists whose work has impressed you or music healers (indigenous healers) whose work inspires, showing the power and potential of music. If you know of someone who has supported the development of music therapy in your country, why not share your knowledge with Voices readers by interviewing that person?
Open Access and the Vision of Voices
Authors: Stige Brynjulf
Published: November 2014

The Voices vision is 10 years of age. The idea of a free international and electronic journal and forum for music therapy was first discussed at the Ninth World Congress on Music Therapy in Washington, in November 1999. One and a half years later, Voices: A World Forum for Music Therapy was launched at the Fifth European Music Therapy Congress in Naples
The Last Song
Authors: Sato Yumiko
Published: November 2014

Through my work as a hospice music therapist I’ve come to believe that people who are dying have an inner awareness of their own impending deaths.  When I was a music therapy intern, I met a patient who was the first to reveal to me this inner awareness of death’s approach.  This is a story of Herb, a former singer, whose life was filled with music. As his Alzheimer’s disease got worse, the only thing that comforted him was music.  By singing his last song one day he taught me the mystery of dying.
Music therapists’ practice-based research in cancer and palliative care: Creative methods and situated findings
Authors: O'Callaghan Clare , Barry Philippa
Published: November 2014

Although randomized controlled trials are described as the gold standard in health care research, their superiority is being questioned in palliative care which is focused on addressing individualized needs to maximize life quality. We use creative practice-based research to examine the usefulness of our music therapy work amongst people with life threatening conditions. Examined voices include “collective” (patients, visitors, staff, and music therapist), “their” (patients or caregivers), “our” (a group of music therapists), and “my voice” (one music therapist). Data sources have included clinical journals, semi-structured questionnaires, interview responses, a focus group, reflexive groupwork supervision transcripts, and patients’ song lyrics. Findings, situated within varied theoretic lenses, substantiate music therapy’s role in oncology and palliative care settings. Readers are invited to devise creative ways to voice their clients’, bystanders’, and own wisdom about music therapy to meaningfully extend the knowledge base.
Social determinants of health and dental caries in Brazil: a systematic review of the literature between 1999 and 2010
Authors: Boing Antonio Fernando , Bastos João Luiz , Peres Karen Glazer , Antunes José Leopoldo Ferreira , Peres Marco Aurélio
Published: November 2014

OBJECTIVE: To review epidemiological studies conducted in Brazil that investigated the distribution of dental caries according to socioeconomic status and demographic characteristics. METHODS: The systematic review included articles published between 1999 and 2010 available in six bibliographic sources, without any other restriction. We analyzed the bibliometric and methodological characteristics of the studies, and the direction and statistical significance of associations tested. RESULTS: Of the 1,128 references identified, 67 were incorporated into this study. There was a higher percentage of publications in the last two years and most of the studies were conducted in the South and Southeast of the country with a young population. The cross-sectional design, using a complex sampling procedure, was the most commonly adopted. The DMFT and dmft indexes were the most commonly used to measure dental caries, while sex/gender, income, education, race/skin color and type of school were the most common socioeconomic exposures. CONCLUSIONS: Most studies identified a high rates of dental caries among the poorest, least educated, black and brown and female individuals. A more detailed methodological and theoretically sound study of the relationship between dental caries and socioeconomic conditions is needed.
Social Determinants of Health among children aged between 5 and 9 years within the urban area, Sobral, Ceará, Brazil
Authors: Sucupira Ana Cecília Silveira Lins , Andrade Luiz Odorico Monteiro de , Barreto Ivana Cristina Holanda Cunha , Lima José Wellington , Santiago Anna Vicente , Santiago Adriana Xavier
Published: November 2014

INTRODUCTION: In the district of Sobral, for the decade of 2000 at the same time that political measures were implanted towards the decrease of children mortality, discussions have begun about health and educations conditions, as well as life quality of children aged between 5 and 9, which is an age group of lesser vulnerability as far as health goes, although of major importance in the development of healthy habits and for the child's development itself. OBJECTIVE: Based on such scenario, it was set up a cohort of children aged between 5 and 9 and residents of the urban area of the district in order to study health and education conditions and quality of life which are essential for the future of these children in light of the Social Determinants of Health. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study with a cohort of children born from 1990 to 1994, home interviews, clinical evaluation and lab exams. The structure for the development of the research was elaborated based on the model of attention towards the health of Family Health Strategy. In this report, the results of such home interviews shall be presented in regards to socio-demographic and environmental conditions in general, with a more detailed analysis of life styles, educational levels, child labor, nutrition and the use of health services by children.
Two Ordovician asterozoans (Echinodermata) of problematic affinities
Authors: Blake Daniel B.
Published: November 2014

Phragmactis grayae Spencer and Swataria derstleri new genus new species are early (Ordovician) asterozoans (Echinodermata) that comprise the Phragmactinidae. Asterozoans are complexly varied, but as is true for other echinoderms, ambulacral construction is critical to interpretation. Phragmactinids share plesiomorphic aspects of ambulacral form and articulation with basal somasteroids and stenuroids whereas the apomorphic ambulacral expressions of asteroids and ophiuroids are lacking. Phragmactinids, like asteroids and ophiuroids, have only one virgal-series ossicle associated with each ambulacral, unlike the multiple ossicles of somasteroids and stenuroids. Virgal morphology of phragmactinids is reminiscent of expressions in somasteroids and stenuroids. Aspects of phragmactinid mouth frame construction are apomorphic. Morphologies of other ossicular series are similarly varied, and as a result, the family cannot be easily fitted into a recently proposed class-level taxonomy of early asterozoans; it is left in open nomenclature. Phragmactinid morphology does not indicate behavior significantly different from that of other early asterozaons. Asterozoan diversity suggests an early period of rapid evolutionary radiation.
Crinoid assemblages from the Fort Payne Formation (late Osagean, early Viséan, Mississippian) from Kentucky, Tennessee, and Alabama
Authors: Krivicich Elyssa B. , Ausich William I. , Meyer David L.
Published: November 2014

The Mississippian Fort Payne Formation of Kentucky, Tennessee, and Alabama is well known for its abundant crinoids and a diverse array of autochthonous and allochthonous carbonate and siliciclastic facies. Using Principal Coordinate Analysis and Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling, it is demonstrated that distinct, contemporaneous, and geographically adjacent autochthonous facies in south-central Kentucky supported distinct crinoid assemblages. The two carbonate buildup facies had different assemblages dominated by camerate crinoids, carbonate channel-fill deposits were dominated by advanced cladid crinoids and the camerateElegantocrinus hemisphaericus, and green shale facies supported a fauna dominated by disparids and primitive cladid crinoids. Allochthonous facies contain neither distinctive nor exotic taxa. Thus, these transported assemblages are considered a mixture of elements from the recognized, autochthonous facies. Faunal assemblages from Dale Hollow Reservoir are allochthonous; and faunas in north-central Alabama and south-central Tennessee are different from others, which may reflect slight biogeographic distinctions.
Pyloric Atresia in the Neonate
Authors: Knouff Sarah , Klein Alicia , Kaminski Mary
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACT

Bowel obstruction is a common cause for admission into the NICU, but pyloric atresia (PA) is a very rare cause of bowel obstruction. This article illustrates the development of the fetal gastrointestinal tract, most specifically the stomach and pylorus. Pathophysiology, typing, and treatment of PA are also explored. Presented are two cases of PA that occurred in a Level III NICU one month apart. Management of this condition is surgical in nature. Long-term prognosis is usually excellent because this defect is often isolated.
Formulation of Cell Petri Nets
Authors: Jitsukawa Mitsuru , Kawamoto Pauline N. , Shidama Yasunari
Published: November 2014

Based on the Petri net definitions and theorems already formalized in the Mizar article [13], in this article we were able to formalize the definition of cell Petri nets. It is based on [12]. Colored Petri net has already been defined in [11]. In addition, the conditions of the firing rule and the colored set to this definition, that defines the cell Petri nets are further extended to CPNT.i further. The synthesis of two Petri nets was introduced in [11] and in this work the definition is extended to produce the synthesis of a family of colored Petri nets. Specifically, the extension to a CPNT family is performed by specifying how to link the outbound transitions of each colored Petri net to the place elements of other nets to form a neighborhood relationship. Finally, the activation of colored Petri nets was formalized.
Submodule of free Z-module
Authors: Futa Yuichi , Okazaki Hiroyuki , Shidama Yasunari
Published: November 2014

In this article, we formalize a free Z-module and its property. In particular, we formalize the vector space of rational field corresponding to a free Z-module and prove formally that submodules of a free Z-module are free. Z-module is necassary for lattice problems - LLL (Lenstra, Lenstra and Lov´asz) base reduction algorithm and cryptographic systems with lattice [20]. Some theorems in this article are described by translating theorems in [11] into theorems of Z-module, however their proofs are different.
On the History of Cattle Genetic Resources
Authors: Felius Marleen , Beerling Marie-Louise , Buchanan David , Theunissen Bert , Koolmees Peter , Lenstra Johannes
Published: November 2014

Cattle are our most important livestock species because of their production and role in human culture. Many breeds that differ in appearance, performance and environmental adaptation are kept on all inhabited continents, but the historic origin of the diverse phenotypes is not always clear. We give an account of the history of cattle by integrating archaeological record and pictorial or written sources, scarce until 300 years ago, with the recent contributions of DNA analysis. We describe the domestication of their wild ancestor, migrations to eventually all inhabited continents, the developments during prehistory, the antiquity and the Middle Ages, the relatively recent breed formation, the industrial cattle husbandry in the Old and New World and the current efforts to preserve the cattle genetic resources. Surveying the available information, we propose three main and overlapping phases during the development of the present genetic diversity: (i) domestication and subsequent wild introgression; (ii) natural adaptation to a diverse agricultural habitat; and (iii) breed development.
Tending of Young Forests in Secondary Succession on Abandoned Agricultural Lands: An Experimental Study
Authors: Cojzer Mateja , Diaci Jurij , Brus Robert
Published: November 2014

In Europe the area of forested land is increasing, largely due to forest development on abandoned agricultural lands. We compared the structure and composition of woody species in young stands undergoing secondary succession and within gaps of late-successional (LS) forest in Haloze (Slovenia) to derive management options. In a subset of plots in succession, silvicultural measures were carried out in one half, while the other half was left untreated. The attributes of crop trees and their competitor trees were monitored over five years, and a study on the time investment of tending was conducted. We found lower tree density, a larger share of pioneer and shrub species, and a higher diversity of woody plants in succession compared to regeneration within LS forest gaps. Tending resulted in greater density of crop trees, their better social position, fewer competitor trees, and a larger diameter at breast height (d.b.h.) increment, while differences in crop tree stability and quality between tending and control were not confirmed. Our results indicated great structural complexity and species diversity in young successional forests. Their tending represents a cost efficient method of recovering the long-term commercial value and ecosystem services of forests, if applied less intensively than traditional tending of LS forest.
Caveolin-1 Limits the Contribution of BKCa Channel to MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation and Invasion
Authors: Du Cheng , Chen Li , Zhang Haijun , Wang Zhongchao , Liu Wenchao , Xie Xiaodong , Xie Manjiang
Published: November 2014

Increasing evidence suggests that caveolin-1 and large conductance Ca2+-activated potassium (BKCa) channels are implicated in the carcinogenesis processes, including cell proliferation and invasion. These two proteins have been proven to interact with each other in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells and modulate vascular contractility. In this study, we investigated the probable interaction between caveolin-1 and BKCa in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. We identified that caveolin-1 and BKCa were co-localized and could be reciprocally co-immunoprecipitated in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. siRNA mediated caveolin-1 knockdown resulted in activation and increased surface expression of BKCa channel, and subsequently promoted the proliferation and invasiveness of breast cancer cells. These effects were attenuated in the presence of BKCa-siRNA. Conversely, up-regulated caveolin-1 suppressed function and surface expression of BKCa channel and exerted negative effects on breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion. Similarly, these opposing effects were abrogated by BKCa up-regulation. Collectively, our findings suggest that BKCa is a critical target for suppression by caveolin-1 in suppressing proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells. The functional complex of caveolin-1 and BKCa in the membrane microdomain may be served as a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer.
Efficiency Improvement of Vehicular Antenna Systems for Ubiquitous Intelligent Systems
Authors: Yeon Kyubong , Lee Duho , Kim Byeongwoo
Published: November 2014

This paper describes the design of a high-efficiency vehicular roof-mounted antenna for wireless access for vehicular environment (WAVE) communication systems used for ubiquitous intelligent systems. The main objective of the ubiquitous intelligent system’s automotive IT technology is to enhance the connectivity among vehicles to ensure seamless communication and to reduce the initial access time using high-performance antenna systems. The efficiency of WAVE communication systems used for ubiquitous intelligent systems depends on the antenna efficiency. The proposed vehicular antenna for WAVE communication systems shows an improvement of approximately 4.77 dB in the return loss, as compared with a conventional antenna system.
Thermal Reactivity of Neutral and Oxidized Ferrocenyl-Substituted Enediynes
Authors: Cinar Mehmet , Morbach Guido , Schmittel Michael
Published: November 2014

The coupling of two equivalents of ethynylferrocene (2) with one equivalent of 1,2-diiodocyclohexene (1) and 1,2-diiodobenzene (4) using Sonogashira cross-coupling conditions led to 1,2-bis(ferrocenylethynyl)cyclohexene (3) and 1,2-bis(ferrocenylethy­nyl)benzene (5), respectively. At high temperatures enediynes 3 and 5 showed exothermic signals in differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements, suggestive of intramolecular diradicaloid ring formation (Bergman (C1−C6) or Schreiner-Pascal (C1−C5) cyclizations). The oxidation of 3 and 5 to the mono-oxidized enediynes 3+ and 5+ decreased the onset temperatures drastically. Equally, 1-ferrocenylethynyl-2-(p-nitro-phenyl)ethynylbenzene (8) displayed a significant decrease in the onset temperature after oxidation to 8+. Because the insoluble nature of the polymeric material formed in the thermolysis of the oxidized enediynes prevented characterization, the origin of this drastic effect was studied by DFT. Contrary to expectations, one-electron oxidation does not lower the barrier for intramolecular cyclization. Rather, the computations suggest that the polymerization is initiated by a bimolecular process.
Augmenting the Antifungal Activity of an Oxidizing Agent with Kojic Acid: Control of Penicillium Strains Infecting Crops
Authors: Kim Jong , Chan Kathleen
Published: November 2014

Oxidative treatment is one of the strategies for preventing Penicillium contamination in crops/foods. The antifungal efficacy of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2; oxidant) was investigated in Penicillium strains by using kojic acid (KA) as a chemosensitizing agent, which can enhance the susceptibility of pathogens to antifungal agents. Co-application of KA with H2O2 (chemosensitization) resulted in the enhancement of antifungal activity of either compound, when compared to the independent application of each agent alone. Of note, heat enhanced the activity of H2O2 to a greater extent during chemosensitization, whereby the minimum inhibitory or minimum fungicidal concentrations of H2O2 was decreased up to 4 or 13 fold, respectively, at 35–45 °C (heat), when compared to that at 28 °C (normal growth temperature). However, heat didn’t increase the antifungal activity of KA, indicating specificity exists between heat and types of antifungals applied. The effect of chemosensitization was also strain-specific, where P. expansum (both parental and fludioxonil-resistant mutants) or P. italicum 983 exhibited relatively higher susceptibility to the chemosensitization, comparing to other Penicillium strains tested. Collectively, chemosensitization can serve as a potent antifungal strategy to lower effective dosages of toxic antifungal substances, such as H2O2. This can lead to coincidental lowering of environmental and health risks.
Memory, Social Mobility and Historiography. Shaping Noble Identity in the Bruges Chronicle of Nicholas Despars († 1597)
Authors: Buylaert Frederik
Published: November 2014

This article focuses on the issue of nobility as a memorial practice in the premodern era. It challenges the popular assumption that the nobility was largely defined by a shared social memory, that is, the collective remembering of which lineages were considered to have noble blood and who had supposedly mastered the noble lifestyle since time immemorial. In this contribution, we argue that there was a structural field of tension between this noble culture of remembrance and the considerable rate of renewal in the social composition of the nobility. Noble ranks were constantly being replenished by newcomers, who had to inscribe themselves in collective consciousness as a noble lineage. The case-study of Nicholas Despars, a sixteenth-century chronicler who belonged to a recently ennobled family of Bruges spice merchants, shows that historiographical writings were often used to influence the public perception of such families. Because this functional approach of premodern elites towards their own past often included the manipulation of archival records, the memorial practices of the sixteenth-and seventeenth-century nobility have led to a distorted view of important aspects of late medieval society in recent historiography.
Infection remains a leading cause of neonatal mortality among infants delivered at a tertiary hospital in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Mustufa Muhammad Ayaz , Korejo Razia , Shahid Anjum , Nasim Sadia
Published: November 2014

Introduction: The current cohort study was conducted to determine the frequency and compare the mortality rate with associated characteristics among low birth weight and normal birth weight infants during the neonatal period at a tertiary healthcare facility, Karachi. Methodology: Close-ended structured questionnaires were used to collect information from the parents of 500 registered neonates at the time of birth. Follow-ups by phone on the 28th day of life were done to determine the mortality among low birth weight and normal birth weight babies during the neonatal period. Results: The neonatal mortality rate ranged from as low as 2.4% in the normal birth weight and 16.4% in the low birth weight categories to as high as 96% in the very low birth weight category. Respiratory distress syndrome (24.2%) and sepsis (18.2%) were reported as the leading causes of neonatal deaths. The babies’ lengths of stay ranged from 2 to 24 hours, and around 90% of neonatal deaths were reported in the first seven days of life. More than 6% of neonates died at home, and 7.6% of the deceased babies did not visit any healthcare facility or doctor before their death. In the 12–15 hours before their deaths, 13.6% of the deceased babies had been unattended. Around 90% of the deceased babies were referred from a doctor or healthcare facility. Conclusions: The present estimates of neonatal mortality are very high among low birth weight and very low birth weight categories. Infectious diseases, including respiratory distress syndrome (24.2%) and sepsis (18.2%), were leading causes of neonatal deaths.
Group G Streptococci in association with brain abscess: a rare occurrence
Authors: Subramani Parimala , Raja Vidhya , Lingaiah Bipinchandra Bhagath , Madappa Beena Prasavangada , Chakravarthy Hariprakash
Published: November 2014

Brain abscess is a serious life-threatening infection of the brain parenchyma. We are reporting a rare case of brain abscess caused by Group G Streptococcus in a 12 year-old female child who presented with neurological symptoms. She was diagnosed with congenital anomalies of the heart at birth. She was treated with amoxyclav and ciprofloxacin. The child recovered and was discharged uneventfully.
PME et innovation en Algérie : limites et perspectives
Authors: Leghima Amina , Djema Hassiba
Published: November 2014

L’esprit d’entreprendre permet de redynamiser la vie économique et sociale du pays. Nous vivons actuellement dans une société de savoirs où l’innovation, facteur déterminant dans la compétitivité de l’entreprise, est considérée comme étant un élément clé de la survie, de la croissance et du développement des PME. Cependant, l’innovation provient avant tout de la recherche et développement menée par les entreprises, les universités et les organismes de recherche. Nous allons à travers notre travail démontrer comment la recherche et le développement peuvent contribuer à promouvoir l’innovation et l’entrepreneuriat dans les PME en Algérie, ceci en présentant un état de lieux de la situation actuelle de la recherche dans le domaine sans omettre de proposer des recommandations.
Développement et changement d'économie politique institutionnelle en Indonésie (1950-2013)
Authors: Nofrian Fachru
Published: November 2014

Cet article cherche à expliquer le processus de développement et d’industrialisation en Indonésie, en utilisant la diversité de l’approche institutionnelle, au cours de la période de 1950 à 2013. Ce document considère que plusieurs changements politiques du régime de l’économie ont influencé les caractéristiques institutionnelles indonésiennes, différentes d’une période à l’autre. Notre analyse démontre que les caractéristiques de la période 1950-1967 étaient plus favorables au processus d’industrialisation et que cela pourrait être une leçon pour la période actuelle.
L'évolution de la politique du développement de l'agriculture en Indonésie
Authors: Guswandi
Published: November 2014

Ce travail s’efforce de démontrer que l’évolution de la politique du développement agricole en Indonésie est fondée sur les longues expériences historiques s’étendant de l’époque précoloniale jusqu’à aujourd’hui. Les processus de développement ne sont pas de formes linéaires. Ils dépendent de l’État et de ses relations avec d’autres agents comme les grands planteurs (propriétaires des plantations) et les paysans. Ces relations ne sont pas souvent fondées sur un principe d’égalité. L’influence des paysans en matière de négociation est souvent faible face aux autres agents économiques. Les paysans doivent s’organiser et coopérer afin d’obtenir l’accès aux terres agricoles et les défendre.
De Lula à Dilma, quel développement pour le Brésil ?
Authors: Cunha Lima Cintra Francisco , Herrera Rémy
Published: November 2014

Le Brésil serait devenu, lit-on un peu partout, un « pays émergent », jusqu’à constituer l’initiale du prestigieux groupe des « BRICs ». Mais son économie, et sa société sont toujours traversées par de profondes contradictions et caractérisées par des déséquilibres intérieurs et extérieurs. La victoire du candidat du PT, Lula, aux élections présidentielles de 2002, avait soulevé dans les classes populaires des espoirs de changement. Ils furent vite déçus, car la logique du néolibéralisme n’a pas (ou si peu) été enrayée. Le PT vola au secours d’un capitalisme en crise, et son réformisme joua un rôle décisif dans le « perfectionnement » d’une gestion néolibérale qui n’en finit plus d’échouer. Lula avait trouvé la formule d’un « néolibéralisme parfait » : celui qui sert les intérêts de la haute finance mondialisée, en se faisant aimer (et réélire président) par les plus pauvres. À quelques mois de nouvelles échéances électorales, qu’en est-il du bilan de Dilma Rousseff, qui lui a succédé en 2010 et qui a dû récemment faire face à la vague de protestations la plus importante dans le pays depuis vingt ans ? La nouvelle présidente a-t-elle infléchi la politique économique de son prédécesseur ? A-t-elle défini une stratégie de développement alternatif pour le Brésil ?
Efficiency indices and indicators of poor performance among emerging small-scale pig farmers in the Limpopo Province, South Africa
Authors: Mokoele Japhta M. , Spencer B. Tom , Van Leengoed Leo A.M.G. , Fasina Folorunso O.
Published: November 2014

Limpopo is a very important area for pig production in terms of animal populations and contributions to transboundary animal disease spread. Emerging small-scale pig farmers (ESSPF) are being encouraged to establish operations and spread in South Africa; however, for these farmers to perform optimally, they need to understand the basics of animal agriculture and contribute to enhancing biosecurity and efficient production systems. In the present study, the limitations to efficient production amongst ESSPF were evaluated and some improvements were suggested. It was found that the ESSPF are dominated by males and include a large percentage of older persons. A total of 26.54% of these farmers have post-matriculation qualifications. Undefined and indigenous breeds still dominate their animal genetics. The animal health technicians are the preferred channels by which farmers report diseases to the authorities (52.47%) and only one out of five (20.37%) will preferably report a disease situation direct to a veterinarian. These farmers do not vaccinate their stock, and knowledge of biosecurity is poor. Antimicrobials, especially tetracyclines, are abused. Animals that are slaughtered within the community or sold at local sale points, pension pay stations and auction markets are likely candidates for disease spread. It is recommended that the younger generations are retained and incentivised in animal agriculture. Improved training on management, health, biosecurity and better market access must be provided for the ESSPF, whilst efforts should made to consolidate these farmers into small cooperatives. The current government agricultural support system will need to be reworked to benefit the resource-poor farmers. Collaborative efforts in disease reporting and management among veterinarians, animal health technicians and extension officers will become necessary. Finally, the creation of a progressive quality grading system for ESSPF should be planned by the industry and this should be attached to a reward system that will encourage these farmers to target good farming practice.
A Look at Motorcycle Crash Recidivism and a Teachable Moment
Authors: Irani Tara Michelle , Procter Levi , Schulman Carl , Kaming Lo , Lineen Edward , Byers Patricia Marie
Published: November 2014

Background

In 2000, the Florida helmet law was repealed despite unhelmeted riders being more likely to suffer serious and fatal injuries. Simultaneously, more Florida residents are riding. To reduce motorcycle crash (MCC) recidivism, we implemented a secondary prevention program by educating patients soon after a crash. We predicted a teachable moment that could be used to educate hospitalized riders regarding risk reduction.

Study design

Beginning July 2011, MCC patients at a Level 1 trauma center were prospectively studied and educated (>odds ratio = 18 years, Glasgow Coma Score = 15). Patients completed a survey containing questions about prior crashes, a pretest, a risk assessment/rider responsibility educational module at bedside, a post-test, and were contacted after 3 months to evaluate information retention, using post-test. A paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to compare scores. Other proportion comparisons were compared using Chi-squared statistics (significance at p < 0.05).

Results

We screened 264 patients and consented 83. Males constituted 89% (mean age 34), 57 completed the module and 21 completed the follow-up post-test at 3 to 6 months (mean = 4.9). We identified a crash recidivism rate of 45% (35/77), with 71% of these crashes requiring hospitalization. Both immediate and follow-up post-tests revealed retention of safety information {baseline pretest, n = 57 [standard deviation (SD)] 3.53/6 (1.38); post-test, n = 57 (SD) 5.56/6 (0.78) p < 0.0001; follow-up test, n = 17 median interquartile range 5/6(1) p = 0.0009}.

Conclusion

Almost half of all MCC victims have been in previous crashes and could benefit from a secondary prevention educational program in trauma centers. Patients in MCCs can be provided a brief safety intervention to increase their knowledge of risk reduction management above baseline.

How to cite this article

Irani TM, Procter L, Schulman C, Kaming L , Lineen E, Byers PM. A Look at Motorcycle Crash Recidivism and a Teachable Moment. Panam J Trauma Crit Care Emerg Surg 2014;3(2):43-46.
Lower Limb Injuries and Socioeconomic Influences in a Region of a Tertiary Hospital in São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Loreto Taís Martins , Cezillo Marcus Vinicius Boaretto , Müller Bruno Rafael , Ribeiro Rodrigo Chaves , Andrade Ana Aparecida , Abib Simone de Campos Vieira
Published: November 2014

Background

Lower limb injuries are related to important disability to deal with environment. Socioeconomic characteristics also must be considered since they lead to a particular trauma profile. This association is necessary to guide control measures to prevent morbidity and mortality.

Study design

In the region, the human development index (HDI) varies from 0.772 to 0.804), per capita income varies from 1.62 to 2.36 (minimum wage) and the average years of study in the population was 6.5 years. Data collected from 334 admitted trauma patients between 2011 and 2012 at Hospital Pirajussara, a tertiary reference center in São Paulo, Brazil, linked to the Federal University of São Paulo, Paulista School of Medicine (UNIFESP-EPM) compiled the following parameters: length of stay, age, sex, mechanism of injury and mortality, which was associated with the local characteristics and data from the existing literature. The environment characteristics surrounding the hospital are of slums without adequate work conditions.

Results

Domestic falls were the most important mechanism of injury (50.8%), affecting mainly elderly people at the rate of 33.5% with femur fractures. Traffic accidents involved 27.2% of patients, 71.4% of them caused by motorcycle. Seventy-seven percent of motorcycle accidents involved young drivers with lower leg injury (69.2%) and hip/thigh injury (26%).

Conclusion

Results demonstrate that most lesions are motivated by domestic falls and are strongly correlated to elderly patients, while young patients are more inclined to suffer traffic accidents, mostly associated with motorcycles. Considering this peculiar epidemiological profile is possible to intervene through policy approaches, such as safer road infrastructure and enforcement of laws to decrease risky behavior, and third age public healthcare strategies allied to better structured homes, using assistive devices as handrails for stairways and removing hazards from passage.

How to cite this article

Loreto TM, Cezillo MVB, Müller BR, Ribeiro RC, Andrade AA, Abib SCV. Lower Limb Injuries and Socioeconomic Influences in a Region of a Tertiary Hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. Panam J Trauma Crit Care Emerg Surg 2014;3(2):47-52.
Brachial Plexopathy: Complication of Subclavian Vein Catheterization
Authors: Malhotra Vinay , Beniwal Pankaj , Mathur Mohit
Published: November 2014

Central venous catheters (CVCs) are often used in critical care setting for resuscitation and monitoring and as a temporary access for hemodialysis. The increased risk of complications associated with CVCs chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients is not recognized widely. Neurological complications are extremely rare with only few cases reported. Brachial plexus injury may occur by direct needle injury or by compressive effects of a hematoma. Prompt evacuation of hematoma is warranted to prevent permanent neurological sequelae. We describe a case of brachial plexopathy after subclavian vein cannulation attempt with full recovery on conservative treatment. Prevention of such complications is the best way to reduce morbidity in CKD patients. For this timely creation of an arteriovenous fistula in CKD patients, ultrasound-guided insertion of CVCs, use of internal jugular vein as the preferred route, and close watch on coagulation defects due to uremic state is recommended.

Key messages

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients should have a permanent vascular access (arteriovenous fistula) well in advance of anticipated time of initiation of dialysis.

How to cite this article

Beniwal P, Malhotra V, Mathur M. Brachial Plexopathy: Complication of Subclavian Vein Catheterization. Panam J Trauma Crit Care Emerg Surg 2014;3(2):76-78.
Identifying indicators of defensive activity in narration about important interpersonal relations
Authors: Soroko Emilia
Published: November 2014

Background

One of the main components of psychological conversation that influence communication is psychological defensiveness.  In the paper I propose processual – situational understanding of defensiveness, and its measurement based on coding system. Preliminary results on link between personality traits and defensiveness in people’s narratives are presented as well.

Participants and procedure

To test proposed coding system, study was conducted with participants presenting different levels of personality organization’s (borderline: n = 35, 20 women, M = 26.09, SD = 4.82, neurotic: n = 29, 24 women, M = 25.90, SD = 5.25, integrated: n = 31, 26 women, M = 21.94, SD = 1.69). Correlation method was applied (Borderline Personality Inventory, Neuroticism Scale, Emotion Control Inventory), as well as narrative’s interviews. Participants’ statements were coded by competent judges (defensiveness and coherence of narratives), and by automatic lexical analyses (descriptive indicators).

Results

Results indicate that proposed defensiveness coding system is a set of heterogeneous indicators, and four groups of indicators could be extracted. Correlations between those indicators and expression control (positive relation), and coherence of narratives (negative relation). Moreover, differences between borderline participants and neurotic ones emerged.

Conclusions

Proposed coding system seems to be a heterogeneous but useful tool for assessing defensiveness during psychological interviews. It could be applied as an element of a procedural control measures, directed to test the reliability of psychological conversation.
Rehabilitation model program for seriously ill patients
Authors: Kegye Adrienne , Pádi Éva , Hegedűs Katalin
Published: November 2014

Background

Patients receiving cancer treatment start lifestyle changes mostly at the end of the treatment during the rehabilitation period. Most often, the first step is a dietary change and physical exercises built into the daily routine. Patients who do this in groups led by qualified therapists and based on professional counseling can build more effective and more permanent changes into their life.

To develop a complex rehabilitation program which, in the short term, aims to familiarize patients with a lifestyle which harmonizes the physical, mental, spiritual and social spheres of life and, in the long term, to build it into their everyday life in order to ameliorate the physical and mental state and reduce the psychological symptoms and the isolation of patients. The physical component focuses on diet and exercise. The psycho-social-spiritual support focuses on discovering inner sources of strength, developing active coping mechanisms and helping to achieve more open communication.

Participants and procedure

In February and March 2011, 8 patients treated for malignant tumors participated in the model program. The components of the model program were psychotherapy, physiotherapy, cancer consultation, nutrition counseling, creative activities and walking.

Results

During the period of the model program the isolation of the patients decreased and their social support and ability of coping with the illness ameliorated. They reported an ease in anxiety and depression in their everyday activities. According to feedback, their communication with each other, with the staff and with their relatives became more open. Altogether this had advantageous effects on the functioning of the ward and the mood of the staff.

Conclusions

The rehabilitation program confirmed that beside individual psycho-social support, beneficial and economic psycho-social support can be provided for the patients in group form along with the most effective assignment of the resources of the staff.
Control cognitions as predictors of distress in a cross-cultural context
Authors: Jánošová Jana
Published: November 2014

Negative psychological states as well as happiness belong to universal human experience; however, research findings reveal interindividual and intercultural differences in their symptoms and effective ways of coping. The aim of this article is to analyze the experience of distress in a cultural perspective with special focus on the relationship with control cognitions. Models of agency and Michel’s theory of uncertainty are used to interpret differences in attitude toward ambiguity and subjective need of control, indicated by preliminary cross-cultural studies. Finally, practical implications of the findings are discussed, pointing out that effectiveness of commonly used psychological interventions, based on the change in control beliefs, may not be universal.