bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification and Evaluation of Circulating Small Extracellular Vesicle Micrornas as Diagnostic Biomarkers for Patients with Indeterminate Pulmonary Nodules
Authors: Zheng Di , Zhu Yuming , Zhang Jiyang , Zhang Wei , Wang Huizhen , Chen Hao , Wu Chunyan , Ni Jian , Xu Xiaoya , Nian Baoning , Chen Sheng , Wang Beibei , Li Xiaofang , Zhang Yanan , Zhang Jiatao , Zhong Wenzhao , Xiong Lei , Li Fugen , Zhang Dadong , Xu Jianfang , Jiang Gening
Published: December 2021

Background: The identification of indeterminate pulmonary nodules (IPNs) following a low-dose computed tomography is a major challenge for early diagnosis of lung cancer. The inadequate assessment of IPNs’ malignancy risk results in a large number of unnecessary surgeries or an increased risk of cancer metastases. However, limited studies on non-invasive diagnosis of IPNs have been reported.Methods: In this study, we identified and evaluated the diagnostic value of circulating sEV miRNAs in patients with IPNs that had been newly detected using LDCT scanning and were scheduled for surgery. Out of 459 recruited patients, 109 eligible patients with IPNs were enrolled in the training cohort (n = 47) and the test cohort (n = 62). An external cohort (n=99) was used for validation. MiRNAs were extracted from plasma sEVs, and assessed using Small RNA sequencing. 490 lung adenocarcinoma samples and follow-up data were used to investigate the role of miRNAs in overall survival.Results: A circulating sEV miRNA (CirsEV-miR) model was constructed from five differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs), showing 0.920 AUC in the training cohort (n = 47), and further identified in the test cohort (n = 62) and in an external validation cohort (n = 99). Among five DEMs of the CirsEV-miR model, miR-101-3p and miR-150-5p were significantly associated with better overall survival (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.0069). The CirsEV-miR scores were calculated, which significantly correlated with IPNs diameters (p < 0.05), and were able to discriminate between benign and malignant PNs (diameter ≤ 1 cm). The expression patterns of sEV miRNAs in the benign, adenocarcinoma in situ/minimally invasive adenocarcinoma, and invasive adenocarcinoma subgroups were found to gradually change with the increase in aggressiveness for the first time. Among all DEMs of the three subgroups, five miRNAs (miR-30c-5p, miR-30e-5p, miR-500a-3p, miR-125a-5p, and miR-99a-5p) were also significantly associated with overall survival of lung adenocarcinoma patients.Conclusions: Our results indicate that the CirsEV-miR model could help distinguish between benign and malignant PNs, providing insights into the feasibility of circulating sEV miRNAs in diagnostic biomarker development.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trials, ChiCTR1800019877. Registered 05 December 2018, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=31346.
Detection Of Change In Land Cover In Jabalpur District From 1991-2021 Using Remote Sensing
Authors: Lakhera Shubham , Rahi Dal Chand
Published: December 2021

Land use/ land cover is an important component in understanding the interactions of human activities with the environment and thus it is necessary to monitor and detect the changes to maintain a sustainable environment. In this paper, an attempt has been made to study the changes in land use and land cover of Jabalpur district in the last 4 decades from 1991 to 2021 classifying majorly in Forest (Medium to Dense), Trees, Waterbody, Settlements & Agricultural fields. The study was carried out through the Remote Sensing and GIS approach using High-resolution Imagery from Google Earth, and LANDSAT 8, 7, 5 imagery of 2021, 2011, 2001, 1991 respectively. The land use/land cover classification was performed based on the Supervised Classification approach available in ArcGIS. GIS software is used to prepare the thematic maps and ground truth observations were also performed to check the accuracy of the classification. The present study has brought out that the Tree cover has been decreased from 12.97–5.40% during 1991-2021 showing a considerable decrease in Forest area as well. The settlement area increased from 4.26% in 1991 to 12.46% in 2021. The areas under natural streams, have shown no significant change and can be considered as a positive sign for sustainable development.
Configuration Design and Motion Performance Analysis of a New Wheeled Rolling Robot
Authors: Bian Hui , Zhang Chun , Wang Shi-Jie , Li Jia-Chen , Xie Xue-Lei , Guan Wen-Bo
Published: December 2021

A new wheeled rolling robot is designed based on planar 3-RRR parallel mechanism and spoke wheel with variable diameter, by adjusting the 3-DOF outputs of the planar 3-RRR parallel mechanism, the deformation and rolling motion of the rolling robot are realized, the rotation output of the parallel mechanism realizes the differential change of the diameter of the two supporting wheels of the rolling robot, and the moving output of the parallel mechanism changes the mass distribution of the system, so that the rolling robot can complete the forward, backward, turning and other motions. Based on the introduction of the performance parameters, driving system, variable diameter wheel configuration and motion mechanism of the rolling robot, the eccentric driving torque is analysis and the existing space of the eccentric torque is given, so as to further complete the selection of the driving motor of the robot. This article analysis three typical motions of robots and its performance parameters, such as straight movement, turn movement, climbing exercise, and builds a simple prototype under laboratory conditions to verify the feasibility of the three movements.
Low-Dose Cone-Beam CT Iterative Reconstruction via Total Variation and Gradient Total Variation
Authors: Cui Junlong , Yu Gang
Published: December 2021

The compressed sensing (CS) technique has been utilized to reconstruct Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images via limited projection from under-sampled measurements. However, the condition of limited projection is an ill-posed problem. Since the CBCT image itself doesn’t have sparse features, the total variation (TV) transform has been widely adopted in CBCT reconstruction. This method, which penalizes the weight of each voxel at a constant rate regardless of different spatial gradient, may not recover qualified CBCT images from ill-posed projection data. This work presents a new strategy to deal with the deficits stated above by utilizing non-uniform weighting penalization in CBCT reconstruction. The proposed new strategy combines TV and gradient total variation (GTV) for reconstruction in a hybrid weighting penalization way, where the total variation is penalized by the gradient total variation in advance. The proposed penalty not only retains the benefits of TV, including artifact and noise suppression, but also maintains the structures in regions with gradual gradient intensity transition more effectively. This study tested the proposed method by under-sampled projections of 2 objects and 2 experiments (2 digital phantom). We assessed its performance against the OS-SART method, FDK method, conventional TV method and TV+GTV method in the tissue contrast, reconstruction accuracy, and imaging resolution by comparing the root mean squared error (RMSE), the correlation coefficient (CC), the structural similarity (SSIM), and profiles intensity of the reconstructed images. The proposed method produced the reconstructed image with the lowest RMSEs and the highest CCs and SSIMs for each experiment.
Population-based Estimates of Overtreatment with Adjuvant Systemic Therapy in Early Breast-cancer Patients with Data from the Netherlands and the USA
Authors: Ragusi Max , Velden Bas H.M. van der , Maaren Marissa C. van , Wall Elsken van der , Gils Carla H. van , Pijnappel Ruud M. , Gilhuijs Kenneth G.A. , Elias Sjoerd G.
Published: December 2021

Purpose: Although adjuvant systemic therapy (AST) helps increase breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS), there is a growing concern for overtreatment. By estimating the expected BCSS of AST using PREDICT, this study aims to quantify the number of patients treated with AST without benefit to provide estimates of overtreatment.Methods: Data of all non-metastatic unilateral breast cancer patients diagnosed in 2015 were retrieved from cancer registries from The Netherlands and the USA. The PREDICT tool was used to estimate AST survival benefit. Overtreatment was defined as the proportion of patients that would have survived regardless of or died despite AST within 10 years. Three scenarios were evaluated: actual treatment, and recommendations by the Dutch or USA guidelines.Results: 59.5% of Dutch patients were treated with AST. 6.4% (interquartile interval [IQI] = 2.5, 8.2%) was expected to survive at least 10 years due to AST, leaving 93.6% (IQI = 91.8, 97.5%) without AST benefit (overtreatment). The lowest expected amount of overtreatment was in the targeted and chemotherapy subgroup, with 86.5% (IQI = 83.4, 89.6%) overtreatment, and highest in the only endocrine treatment subgroup, with 96.7% (IQI = 96.0, 98.1%) overtreatment. Similar results were obtained using data from the USA, and guideline recommendations.Conclusion: Based on PREDICT, AST prevents 10-year breast cancer death in 6.4% of the patients treated with AST. Consequently, AST yields no survival benefit to many treated patients. Especially improved personalization of endocrine therapy is relevant, as this therapy is widely used and is associated with the highest amount of overtreatment.
Effect of Implantoplasty on Fatigue Performance and Surface Roughness of Narrow Diameter Dental Implants
Authors: Camps-Font Octavi , Toledano-Serrabona Jorge , Juiz-Camps Ana , Figueiredo Rui , Gay-Escoda Cosme , Valmaseda-Castellón Eduard
Published: December 2021

Implantoplasty (IP) is used in dental implants with peri-implantitis and aims to remove threads and polish rough surfaces in order to prevent bacterial colonization. As a result of this procedure, implant strength might be compromised. We tested 20 tapered screw-shaped Ti6Al4V dental implants with a simulated bone loss of 50%. Ten implants underwent IP and 10 served as controls. Surface topography (Sa, Sz, Ssk and Sdr) was analyzed with a confocal optical microscope. Subsequently, cyclic loads were applied with a servo-hydraulic mechanical testing machine (5x106 cycles at 15 Hz, between the maximal compression force - 529N in the IP group and 735N in the control group - and 10% of that force). We recorded the number of cycles until failure and the type of failure. Implant failure was analyzed by visual inspection and scanning electron microscopy. Implantoplasty reduced the median Sa from 1.76 (IQR=0.11) to 0.49 (IQR=0.16). The fatigue limits of the control and implantoplasty groups were 551 N and 529 N, respectively. The scanning electron micrographs showed fatigue striations indicating fatigue failure. The infinite life range of the dental implants evaluated was largely above the threshold of usual chewing forces. Implantoplasty seems to render a fairly smooth surface and has a limited impact upon fatigue resistance.
Unconventional COPII-mediated secretory protein trafficking continues in the absence of the Sar1 GTPase
Authors: Kasberg William , Luong Peter , Hanna Michael , Minushkin Kayla , Tsao Annabelle , Lee Hugo Hugo , Engin Feyza , Shankar Raakhee , Block Samuel , Audhya Anjon
Published: December 2021

Coat protein complex II (COPII) plays an integral role in the packaging of secretory cargoes within membrane-enclosed transport carriers that leave the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) from discrete membrane subdomains. Lipid bilayer remodeling necessary for this process is driven initially by membrane penetration of the coat subunit Sar1 and further stabilized by assembly of a multi-layer complex of several COPII proteins. However, the relative contributions of these distinct factors to transport carrier formation and protein trafficking remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that anterograde cargo transport from the ER continues in the absence of Sar1, although the unconventional carriers that form fail to efficiently deliver their contents to subsequent compartments in the secretory pathway. Instead, cargoes accumulate immediately adjacent to the perinuclear Golgi under these conditions, together with components of the COPII coat. Our findings highlight new mechanisms by which COPII promotes transport carrier biogenesis and strongly suggests that the Sar1 GTPase plays a critical role in transport carrier uncoating ahead of membrane fusion and secretory cargo delivery at acceptor compartments.
Evidence against the “anomalous-is-bad” stereotype in Hadza hunter gatherers
Authors: Workman Clifford , Smith Kristopher , Apicella Coren , Chatterjee Anjan
Published: December 2021

People have an “anomalous-is-bad” stereotype whereby they make negative inferences about the moral character of people with craniofacial anomalies like scars. This stereotype is hypothesized to be a byproduct of adaptations for avoiding pathogens. However, evidence for the anomalous-is-bad stereotype comes from studies of European and North American populations; the byproduct hypothesis would predict universality of the stereotype. We presented 123 Hadza across ten camps pairs of morphed Hadza faces—each with one face altered to include a scar—and asked who they expected to be more moral and a better forager. Hadza with minimal exposure to other cultures chose at chance for both questions. Hadza with greater exposure to other cultures, however, expected the scarred face to be less moral and a better forager. These results suggest the anomalous-is-bad stereotype is culturally shared, providing evidence against a universal pathogen avoidance byproduct hypothesis.
Towards Implementation of Context-specific Integrated District Mental Health Care Plans: A Situation Analysis of Mental Health Services in Five Districts in Ghana
Authors: Weobong Benedict , Ae-Ngibise Kenneth A. , Sakyi Lionel , Lund Crick
Published: December 2021

Background: Access to quality mental health services in Ghana remains poor, yet little is known about the extent of integrated mental health service provision in districts in Ghana. The purpose of the study was to conduct a situation analysis of integrated mental health service provision in five districts, to inform the development and implementation of tailored district mental healthcare plans in Ghana. Methods: A cross-sectional situation analysis was conducted using a standardised tool to collect secondary routine healthcare data supplemented with interviews with key informants across five purposively selected districts in Ghana. The PRIME (Programme for Improving Mental health care) situation analysis tool was adapted to the Ghanaian context and used for data collection. Results: The districts are predominantly rural; more than eight out of ten people in each selected districts live in rural areas. Mental Neurological and Substance use (MNS) conditions were not routinely reported in the top 10 causes of OPD attendance. Across all districts there are severe challenges with the provision of mental health care, primarily because of the slow enforcement of the mental health Act 2012 (Act 846). There are no mental health care plans, supervision of the few mental health professionals is weak and unstructured, access to regular supply of psychotropic medications is a major challenge, and psychological treatments are extremely limited given the lack of trained clinical psychologists. Data on treatment coverage was unavailable but we estimate this to be <0.5% for depression, schizophrenia, and epilepsy across districts. Nonetheless, opportunities for mental health systems strengthening were noted. These included commitment and willingness of leadership, the existence of a district health information management system, well-established network of community volunteers and some collaboration with traditional and faith-based mental health service providers. Conclusion: The baseline data from this situation analysis confirms the widely reported poor mental health infrastructure across Ghana and other Low and Middle-Income Countries. There are opportunities for strengthening mental health systems through interventions at the organisation/policy level, health facility, and community levels. A standardised situation analysis tool is useful to inform district level mental health care planning in low resource settings in Ghana and potentially other sub-Saharan African countries.
Molecular Characterization of a Novel Virga-like Virus Isolated From Wheat
Authors: Li Hua , Guo Jun , Zhao ZhongHua , Ye Zhuangxin , Chen Jianping , Yang Jian
Published: December 2021

In this work, we report the isolation of a novel positive-sense single strand RNA virus from wheat, tentatively named Triticum aestivum-associated virga-like virus 1 (TaAVLV1). Further characterization revealed that the complete genome of TaAVLV1 was divided into two segments, RNA1 and RNA2, which were 3530 and 3466 nt long, excluding the polyA tail. These segments contained two open reading frames (ORFs). The ORF in RNA1 encoded an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), while the ORF in RNA2 encoded a putative protein carrying MET and HEL domains. Phylogenetic analysis based on the RdRp protein of each representative genus of Virgaviridae placed TaAVLV1 in the unclassified Virgaviridae clade of the Virgaviridae family. To our knowledge, this is the first report of virga-like virus isolated from wheat. Future studies will be conducted to examine its effect on host growth and development.
Hydroxysafflor Yellow A Blocks HIF-1α Induction of NOX2 and Protects ZO-1 Protein in Cerebral Microvascular Endothelium
Authors: Li Yi , Liu Xiaotian , Zhang Peilin , Li Yuchen , Sun Mengru , Wang Yitao , Wang Shengpeng , Yang Hua , Liu Baolin , Wang Mei , Gao Wen , Li Ping
Published: December 2021

Background: Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) protein ensures cerebrovascular integrity against brain ischemic injury. Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) is a major ingredient of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) with anti-oxidative activity. Because conventional ROS scavengers display poor reactivity with endogenous ROS, this study investigated whether HSYA protected ZO-1 by targeting the enzymes responsible for ROS generation.Methords: Photothrombotic stroke model was prepared in mice to evaluate the protective effect of HSYA on cerebrovascular endothelium. The molecular regulation was investigated in cultured cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (bEnd.3 cells).Results: Oral administration of HSYA (50 mg/kg) reduced cerebral vascular leakage with ZO-1 protection in mice after stroke, largely due to suppression of ROS-associated inflammation. In LPS-stimulated bEnd.3 cells, HSYA increased the ratio of NAD+/NADH to restore Sirt1 induction, which bound to Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) to ensure HIF-1α protein degradation. Although both NOX1 and NOX2 isoforms were inducible in endothelial cells, we identified NOX2 as the driving force of ROS production. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase report gene assay revealed that HIF-1α transcriptionally regulated p47phox and Nox2 subunits for the assembly of NOX2 complex, which was blocked by HSYA treatment, largely by reducing HIF-1α accumulation. Inflammation-associated lipid peroxidation impaired ZO-1 protein, but HSYA treatment attenuated carbonyl modification and thus prevented ZO-1 protein from 20S proteasome-mediated degradation, eventually protecting endothelial integrity. In microvascular ZO-1 deficient mice, we further confirmed that HSYA protected cerebrovascular integrity and attenuated ischemic injury dependent on ZO-1 protection. Conclusions: HSYA blocked HIF-1α/NOX2 signaling cascades to protect ZO-1 from proteasomal degradation, suggesting that targeting NOX2 in endothelium is a potential therapeutic strategy to protect against ischemic brain injury.
Experimental Evaluation of Furosemide and/or Tadalafil in Conventional and Nanoparticle Forms in Prevention of Chronic Renal Failure Induced in Rats
Authors: Hamdy Moustafa Mahmoud , Rahman Mahran S. Abdel. , Badary Dalia M. , Sabra Mahmoud
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a progressive loss of renal function that lead to reduced sodium filtration and inappropriate suppression of tubular reabsorption that ultimately leads to volume expansion. To improve treatment outcomes, the aim of this study was to evaluate the possible renoprotective effect of tadalafil and furosemide, individually and in combination, in both conventional and nanoforms in adenine-induced CRF rat-model. Methods: Addition of 0.75% adenine to the diet of rats for 4 weeks gained general acceptance as a model to study kidney damage as this intervention mimicked most of the structural and functional changes seen in human chronic kidney disease Urine analysis, histopathological changes and immunohistochemical expression of caspase-3 and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in renal tissues were performed.Results: Our results showed that the combination of tadalafil and furosemide using conventional and nanoparticle formulations revealed a beneficial therapeutic effect in the treatment of CRF. This was demonstrated by improvement of urinary, serum and renal tissue markers as indicative of organ damage. This was also reflected on the reduction of tubular expression of KIM-1 and NGAL. Immunohistochemical studies showed that significant increase in the number of apoptotic tubular cells indicated by increased expression of caspase-3 in CRF. These deteriorated renal cellular changes were improved by the treatment of rats with the investigated drugs. Results from ELISA showed that IL-1β was reduced by such treatment in kidney tissue. Conclusion: Tadalafil and furosemide improved the biochemical, histopathological and immunohistochemistry changes in adenine-induced CRF which strongly support the renopreventive effects of investigated drugs in particular the nanoparticle forms.
Problem of criminal legal qualification of domestic violence in law enforcement practice
Authors: Oliinychenko Anhelina Yevhenivna
Published: December 2021

Domestic violence is a phenomenon that can take the form of a socially dangerous act and be qualified as a crime under Art. 126-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine and other articles of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. It is the correctness of the criminal legal qualification of domestic violence that became the subject of our study.
             The lack of systematic interpretation of Art. 126-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine leads in practice to the fact that the courts decide completely differently on the qualification of actions of a person. After all, domestic violence can be a manifestation of both an administrative offense and a criminally punishable act. That makes it impossible to further apply the restrictive measures of a criminal legal nature, enshrined in Art. 91-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. Such situation has already become the basis for resolution in the order of review by higher courts and formation of a position on the most problematic aspects by the Supreme Court of Ukraine. In particular, in order to avoid the prohibited double conviction or punishment, the proceedings must be combined on a comprehensive basis and form a single whole. This means not only that the goal and the means used to achieve it must complement each other in nature and be linked in time, but also that the possible consequences of such legal response to appropriate behavior must be proportionate and predictable. for the persons to whom they relate.
            Thus, the purpose of our study is to form a list of issues for the correct criminal legal qualification of actions under Art. 126-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, for the correct separation from the administrative offense under Art. 173-2 of the Code of Administrative Offenses, as well as from other criminal offenses related to domestic violence. The task is to study the conclusions of the Supreme Court of Ukraine, to analyse the case law, to analyse the research conducted by non-governmental international organizations, as well as to analyse the positions of the doctrine of criminal and criminal procedure law on this issue.
LEGAL VIEW AT A DIGITAL HUMAN BEING
Authors: Radutniy Oleksandr Eduardovych
Published: December 2021

In continuation of previous research, the article offers a legal view at certain features of the digital human being and the formulation de lege ferenda of the special characteristics of a person of the offense. One of the problems is the question about delusion or weakness of will for digital human being, the decision was made by artificial intelligence, which may call into question the fact that there is a factual basis for legal liability. Regarding the digital person, the possibility of escalation of improved intelligence in all spheres of economic, political, corporate, information and military confrontation is argued. It has been proven that artificial intelligence can eliminate the need to think by human and digital human being, and then eliminate the ability to do it.
Protection of Human Sexual Autonomy in the Draft of Criminal Code of Ukraine: A Critical View
Authors: Kharytonova Olena Volodymyrivna
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of the foundations of the framework regulation of sexual crimes in the draft of the new Criminal Code of Ukraine. The application of critical optics to the provisions of the project problematizes the issues of protecting human sexual autonomy and understanding the zones of theoretical and practical reflection in which they are rooted. To assess the proposed reforms of the criminal code, modern ideas about sexuality as a gendered phenomenon with a deep social interpretation are applied. The appeal to international standards for protecting human sexual autonomy and combating sexual violence focuses on paradigmatic shifts in assessing the legitimacy of sexual relations, centered around the concepts of "autonomy" and "consent", and the need to improve the draft Criminal Code in this aspect.
The title of the section of the new Criminal Code of Ukraine "Criminal Offenses against Human Sexual Autonomy" is offering as more relevant with modern notions of sexuality and internationally recognized standards for determining the parameters of permissible sexual communication. The author stressing that if the nature of the sexual act is understood only as a desire to satisfy the libido, then some variants of illegal sexual behavior remain outside the scope of the Criminal Code, in particular, in situations where sexual violence is used as a tool to control and convey repressive messages. The propose to base the regulation of sexual crimes in new Criminal Code not on the concept of libido, but on the approach of the Istanbul Convention, according to which a sexual act is an act that has a sexual connotation, is supporting in this article.
The absence of voluntary consent as a constitutive feature of sexual violence emphasizes the fundamental importance of the concept of "voluntary consent", by which consensual sexual act differs from non-consensual and illegal. In this regard the author, analyzing the problem of legal regulation of sexual relations with minors 14 to 16 year-olds, when their sexual life before reaching the age of consent seems outwardly voluntary, suggests discussing the possibility of introducing into the draft of Criminal Code the construct "limited voluntary consent", which will take place when a person is fully not capable to express a voluntary agreement to engage in the sexual activity and to understand the nature and significance of it’s decision regarding sexual relations.
On the issue of criminal liability for negligent joint infliction of criminal - illegal consequences
Authors: Grigoryeva Maryna Yevhenivna
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the consideration of problematic issues related to criminal liability for negligent joint infliction of criminal consequences. Issues related to the negligent joint infliction of criminal consequences do not lose their relevance at the current stage of development of Ukrainian criminal law. The article defines the concept of negligent joint infliction of criminal consequences and provides a thorough description of its mandatory features. It is separately stated that correctly determining the basis of criminal liability of persons who jointly caused negligent damage, qualifying their actions and establishing rules for sentencing them is an important task for law enforcement and therefore it requires detailed justification and elaboration of general theoretical issues. legal consequences and the development of features of such a definition. It is proved that negligent joint infliction of criminally illegal consequences is the commission by two or more subjects of a certain criminal offense, illegal, objectively interconnected and mutually conditioned act, which is part of the objective side of a criminal offense that has a negligent form of guilt, and creates a single, common to all subjects socially dangerous result provided by criminal law. It is established that in case of negligent joint infliction of criminally - illegal consequences there is an objective interdependence and interaction of actions (actions or inactions) of such subjects who took part in achievement of those socially dangerous consequences which are provided by the criminal legislation.
Proportionality of response to criminally illegal behavior of minors
Authors: Timofeyeva Liliia Yuriivna
Published: December 2021

Modern international standards indicate that the basis of criminal law policy to prevent juvenile delinquency should be a child-friendly juvenile justice system. This system focuses on the application of alternative and non-criminal sanctions (warning, reprimand, restitution and compensation).
Based on international standards of juvenile justice, we can note their focus on ensuring the best interests of the child, the predominance of sanctions and measures that may have an educational impact, compensation for damages, creating conditions for reconciliation of victims and offenders and eliminating the consequences of crime, ensuring a meaningful life of a teenager in society.
Juvenile sentencing is more loyal approach and shown in comparison with adults with regard to property penalties (if the minor has income or property) (parts 1, 3 of Article 99 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), reduced limits of punishment (parts 1, 2 of Article 100, 101, part 1 Article 102 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), restriction of using of imprisonment depending on the gravity of the crime and the characteristics of the juvenile.
It is established that in addition to ensuring the best interests of the child and the use of as many non-punitive measures as possible against juvenile, it is also necessary to pay attention to other circumstances of the case. In particular, a balance must be struck between the best interests of the juvenile and a proportionate response to his or her behavior. In particular, it is necessary to take into account the repeated commission of criminal offenses, as well as the one-time application of incentive rules to juvenile. And pay attention to alternatives to imprisonment that may be more effective. In particular, mediation and rehabilitation practices can be more effective.
Criminological legislation of Ukraine in the field of road safety
Authors: Kalinina Alina Vladyslavivna
Published: December 2021

The level of road safety in Ukraine cannot be estimated as high. According to the reports of the Patrol Police, in Ukraine in recent years, on average, 3.5 thousand people die from road accidents every year.
An increase in the level of road transport safety determines the development of a theoretical basis for legislation to ensure the prevention of offenses, primarily criminal ones. The criminological legislation in the field of road safety can be such a theoretical basis.
The legislation, the norms of which are aimed at ensuring road safety, is significantly branchy and widely held in norms of laws of different legal force, forming, on the one hand, a large layer of legal norms, and on the other, laying the foundations for the prevention of offenses in this area.
Criminological legislation in the field of road safety is a separate structural element of the criminological legislation of Ukraine. The subject of legal regulation in this case is public relations in the field of regulation of the prophylaxis and prevention of offenses (both administrative and criminal) in the provision of road traffic.
According to their functional purpose, the norms of the criminological legislation of Ukraine in the field of road safety can be divided into conceptual, programmatic, regulatory and preventive ones.
Conceptual norms include the norms through which the system of views and constructive ideas of the state about the road safety improving is revealed. The program norms of criminological legislation in the field of road safety include the provisions of documents aimed at the implementation of conceptual norms. Regulatory norms are the norms of legislation aimed at observing the rules, norms and standards for the operation of transport, ensuring the rules for organizing road safety and other prescriptions that determine the rules for road users. Preventive provisions include the norms of administrative and criminal legislation that determine responsibility for violations in the field of road safety and transport operation, thereby performing prophylactic and preventive functions.
General rules of qualification of a criminal offense taking into account its stages
Authors: Grodetsky Yurii Vasylovych
Published: December 2021

The conceptual apparatus which is a starting point for qualification of a criminal offense taking into account its stages is considered. General rules for qualifying a criminal offense, taking into account its stages, are proposed.
HUMAN TRANSFORMATION IN THE MODERN CULTURAL SPACE: ETHICAL-AXIOLOGICAL ASPECT
Authors: Babina Svitlana
Published: December 2021

The article  examines the transformations of man in the modern cultural space in the ethical and axiological aspect. Emphasis is placed on understanding the transformations of the «external», which are associated with (self) construction of the image of man and the human body, through the prism of artificial/natural dichotomy. It is noted that the common directions of «human improvement» are based on such values as the cult of the ideal body, the cult of youth, the cult of beauty, the superpowers of the human body. Emphasis is placed on the problem of the limits of permissible artificial interference in the biological nature of man to preserve the natural human essence.
Pengukuran Usability pada Website Kampus Akademi Komunitas Negeri Pacitan Menggunakan System Usability Scale (SUS)
Authors: Intyanto Gramandha Wega , Ranggianto Narandha Arya , Octaviani Vika
Published: December 2021

Pada dunia pendidikan website memiliki peran penting dalam memberikan informasi terkait dengan instansi pemilik website dan juga media promosi. Salah satu website pada lingkungan pendidikan yaitu website kampus Akademi Komunitas Negeri Pacitan. Pengunjung atau pengguna juga memiliki pengaruh besar terhadap website. Beberapa tinjauan tersebut yang mendorong kami dalam penganalisaan usability website kampus Akademi Komunitas Negeri Pacitan, yang mana pengukuran dan analisa menggunakan System Usability Scale (SUS) yang dilakukan uji validitas yang menyatakan valid dengan hasil Rhitung Rtabel pada item kuesioner dan uji Reliabilitas dengan hasil 0.637 yang menyatakan reliabel. Hasil Skor pada website kampus Akademi Komunitas Negeri Pacitan yaitu 60,75, dimana mendapat predikat D, kategori OK, tingkat penerimaan (feel) pengunjung yaitu margin low dan sudut pandang Net Promoter Score (NPS) berdasarkan skor SUS dinyatakan bahwa berpotensi detractor. Hasil ini menjabarkan bahwa dianggap belum efektif, efisien dan memuaskan bagi pengguna/pengunjung serta belum usable.
PHENOMENOLOGY WITHOUT EGOLOGY: EDITH STEIN AS AN ORIGINAL PHENOMENOLOGICAL THINKER
Authors:   University of St. Thomas (Minnesota), Dougherty Family College, BURNS TIMOTHY
Published: December 2021

Edith Stein is considered a leading figure in the early phenomenological movement and the disciple who performed in the best way the phenomenological method proposed by Husserl, and yet her relationship to phenomenology remains unclear in the literature. This article seeks to add clarity to her relationship to phenomenology while considering three inescapably related questions. (1) What did Stein conceive phenomenology to be? (2) How should we understand Husserl’s influence on Stein? (3) Was Stein an original phenomenological thinker? I argue that Stein conceives of phenomenology as an epistemological critique that aims to clarify the essential foundations of knowledge. It involves intentional analysis that proceeds by way of essential-seeing (Wesensschau), which can be brought about through the method of free imaginative variation, and its intentional analysis involves close attention to the relationship between meaning-intention and meaning-fulfillment. I argue that the primary influence Husserl exerts on Stein is in the development of phenomenology as conceived in his Logical Investigations. Finally, I offer an understanding of how Stein conceived of her differences with Husserl on the issue of idealism in order to argue that Stein’s phenomenological writings in On the Problem of Empathy and “Sentient Causality” offer us a novel phenomenological account of the human being that begins with the ego but escapes being a mere egology. Edith Stein’s phenomenology of the human person begins with the ego and its experiences, and yet, she identifies within those experiences a certain kind of extra-egoic content, viz. experiences of my sentient states.
THE CHALLENGES OF I-SPLITTING OR ICHSPALTUNG FOR THE PHENOMENOLOGY OF EDITH STEIN AND GERDA WALTHER
Authors:   King’s University College at Western University, Department of Philosophy, CALCAGNO ANTONIO
Published: December 2021

The phenomenon of I-splitting or Ichspaltung poses many challenges for phenomenology. In particular, one wonders how one and the same I can perform different acts while preserving its disinterested autonomy and identity. Moreover, as the I moves from the natural attitude to the phenomenological one, phenomenologists like Husserl defend the purity of the transcendental I to grasp the sense of what its lives. How can the I move from one attitude to the next without being affected or conditioned by the acts carried out and content seized by the I in both attitudes? For example, one wonders how trauma or intense emotional experiences may affect the transcendental or phenomenological I, if at all. Edith Stein and Gerda Walther are read here as deepening the problem of I-splitting, for they introduce a form of it that is not merely defined by the undertaking of different acts of consciousness, for example, the move from the natural to the phenomenological attitude; rather, they describe lived experiences in which the very fundamental unity of the individual, personal I is challenged or negated through intense forms of sociality and intersubjectivity achieved in community and telepathy as well as ruptures in the constitutive unity of persons through soullessness. I argue here that these phenomena seriously challenge not only the unity of I experience but also phenomenology’s claim of the capacity of a pure and absolute ego to grasp philosophically and scientifically the objective sense of its investigations.
A SAMOVAR FOR PHENOMENOLOGY LETTERS FROM ALEXANDRE KOYRÉ TO HEDWIG CONRAD-MARTIUS IN THE PERIOD TILL 1933
Authors:   Theological Seminary of the Anglican Church in Germany, Sankt-Benedikt-Seminar, FELDES JOACHIM
Published: December 2021

Alexandre Koyré from Taganrog in Southern Russia, later teaching in France and the US, and Hedwig Conrad-Martius from Rostock in Northern Germany, eventually teaching in Munich, got to know each other as students of Edmund Husserl’s at Göttingen. Members of the Philosophische Gesellschaft Göttingen, they then also belonged to the Bergzabern Circle which came into existence during World War I and has been named this way as the group usually met in Conrad-Martius’ and her husband Theodor Conrad’s house in Bergzabern, a small town in Southern Palatinate, close to Germany’s border with France. Common to the circle was their critical reception of Husserl’s “transcendental turn” and their adhesion to Adolf Reinach whom they understood as the “real phenomenologist” because of upholding a rather realist view on things and consciousness. Also typical for the Bergzabern phenomenologists, both Koyré and Conrad-Martius spent much effort on religious and theological questions. So beginning from the second half of the war, inspired by Reinach’s writing on religious philosophy, and intensifying during the early 20s, Koyré and Conrad-Martius shared the interest e.g. in the idea of God, considerations on God’s existence which then led to common endeavors on René Descartes and similar investigations of theosophical thinkers like Jakob Boehme. Together with Jean Hering, Edith Stein and Alfred von Sybel they struggled and intensely questioned Martin Heidegger’s philosophical and academic activity and sharply argued—especially after the publication of Sein und Zeit in 1927 and Husserl’s 70th birthday in 1929—against Heidegger’s “Atheist philosophy,” as they would call it. Though being one the most compelling relationships inside the early phenomenological movement, the interconnection of Koyré and Conrad-Martius by now has unfortunately merely been scratched on its surface, let alone has been analyzed in depth. Following some minor recent contributions of the author on the topic, the article highlights Koyré’s and Conrad-Martius’ correspondence from the time before World War I until Summer 1933, in particular the nine letters and postcards preserved in Munich’s Bavarian State Library. It may show not only the personal and philosophical relationship between Koyré and Conrad-Martius, but hopefully raise the interest in further research on this topic, i.e. to what degree Koyré’s claim that phenomenology can’t do without a samovar should be followed and lived up to.
ANARCHISM AND PHENOMENOLOGY
Authors: SHRIVERS JOERY
Published: December 2021

We offer an introductory article to the translation of Dutch philosopher Joery Schreivers’ work Phenomenologists and Anarchism, which deals with the reception of current foreign trajectories of phenomenological and akratic reflexions from the perspective of contemporary Russian academic discourse. In the light of this, an attempt is made to assess the significance and originality of J. Shrivers’ study, focused on the conceptual juxtaposition of two philosophical traditions: phenomenology and the philosophy of anarchism. The value of the author’s stated perspective, which provides an opportunity to revise the classical phenomenological texts, is articulated as being related to its methodological novelty—not only for the Russian-speaking space, but also for foreign philosophy; a review and analysis of the central theses of the article, related to the key figures of the line of succession of acrical reflection in the phenomenological tradition, which is outlined by the author, is given, including: M.Heidegger, R. Schürmann, E.Levinas, J.Derrida, J.-L.Nancy, J.-I.Lacoste, C.Romano and J.-L.Marion. The article also builds theoretical connections between the anarchist foundations of a number of phenomenological reflections identified by J. Schreivers and the ontological accoutrements of other current philosophical trends—for example, the actor-network theory and the polyphony of new materialisms.
Educational Insights into Dyslexia
Authors:   Research Scholar, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli., Rahul D. R.
Published: December 2021

Dyslexia is a specific learning disorder characterized by difficulties in reading, writing, and spelling due to compromised phonological processing skills. Treatment of dyslexia solely with medical support is far-fetched. However, it can be surmounted by the combination of special education interventions and supportive psychosocial care. Suitable approaches coupled with beneficial learning strategies enable dyslexic learners with consummate linguistic achievement. Although dyslexia research offers an increased understanding from a biological standpoint, the knowledge gap on the educational front is unfortunately persistent. To this end, this paper revisits the teaching-learning aspects of dyslexia. Teaching principles and approaches, strategies to support learning, and personalized educational plans are discussed in detail. Acknowledging the difficulty, familiarizing with the approaches, and attaining successful outcomes via essential practices emphasize the inclusiveness of dyslexic learners in the curriculum. We contend that the educational insights into dyslexia will provide informed teaching and learning solutions.
Creative Vision and Creative Arts: Significations and Metaphors of Keys in Alex Idoko’s Symbolist Arts
Authors:   Lecturer, Dept. of Fine & Applied Arts, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria, Anikpe Ekenechukwu A. , Nnanna Ndubuisi ,   Lecturer, Dept. of Theatre & Film Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria, Adeogun Adebowale O. ,   Senior Lecturer, Music, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria, Aniago Emeka ,   Senior Lecturer, Theatre & Film Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
Published: December 2021

Artistic symbols in many ways act as complimentary narrative tools that elevate and define the message from the artist, which can help to generate efficacious consciousness and mood aggregation in the beholders. The purpose of this study is to deepen the appreciation of the embedded significances of keys as symbolic objects in selected symbolist art by Alex Idoko which represents variously, mystical attributions and significations as understood within different worldviews. Through the application of interpretive discuss approach in relating relevant concepts of symbolism, the study elucidates on the symbolical, mythological, mystical and metaphorical denotations and attributions of chains, padlock and keys in line with Victor Turner’s concept of operational, exegetical and positional meanings. In the end, we observe that the selected work by Idoko subsume deep and dense creative vision projecting deliberate effort in using art as a means of sharing cultural ideas, mystifying aesthetics, propelling curiosity, and mood/emotion intensity.
Decoding the Impact of the Srirama Panchali on Baranagar Temples Facades: The Driving Force behind Terracotta Artisans’ Narrativization of Ramayana Events
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Government College of Art & Craft Calcutta, Karmakar Bikas
Published: December 2021

Valmiki Ramayana is one of the most popular, universally read, and widely circulated literary works. The poets of different languages in India ornamented Valmiki’s Sanskrit Ramayana with the vibrancy of their own indigenous languages and cultures. A significant number of such versions trace their roots to Bengal. The epic was first translated into the Bengali language by the great poet Krittibas Ojha. Its influences and popularity have been such as to justify it being called the Bible of the people of Bengal. Its intense undiminished popularity among the populace has also left an indelible impression on the artisans of Bengal and their creations in different eras. The study primarily aims to investigate the Ramayana narratives that have been found on the facades of the temples of Baranagar in Murshidabad, West Bengal, India. The intention is to trace the impact of Krittibas’s Srirama Panchali on the portrayals of the Ramayana episodes. The formal method of Art History has been employed to provide an in-depth description of the formal elements that have been incorporated by the artisans. Besides, a detailed critical inspection of the concerned portrayals has been complemented with literary references to get a lucid understanding of the intended issues.