bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pyogenic Granuloma of the Vocal Cords: A Rare Benign Lesion Mimicking Malignancy
Authors: ismail nakkabi
Published: January 2025

The pyogenic granuloma (or botryomycoma) of the vocal cords is a rare benign tumor. It is typically located in the posterior part, near the vocal process of the arytenoid cartilage. Etiologies include gastroesophageal reflux, intubation, and vocal strain. Macroscopically, laryngoscopic examination usually reveals a nodular lesion; however, it may also present as an ulceration of the vocal cord. Its appearance can therefore be misleading, resembling a malignant laryngeal lesion, with the diagnosis confirmed by histopathological examination. Histologically, a pyogenic granuloma is not a true granuloma. It is rather a reactive process, characterized by the presence of intact or ulcerated squamous epithelium overlying granulation tissue or fibrosis. Treatment primarily involves surgical excision of the lesion, under direct laryngoscopy, coupled with management of gastroesophageal reflux, which may be silent. Despite its benign nature, pyogenic granuloma has a potential for recurrence, especially if the underlying cause persists.
The study of the complexity and capacity of urban floristic diversity in arid zones, exemplified by the city of Bukhara, RUz
Authors:   Mukhamad I. Gulamov1,  Saida M. Gafarova2
Published: January 2025

This study examines the biodiversity of the urban flora in the arid zone of Bukhara city, Republic of Uzbekistan. The research is based on our newly proposed methods—analyzing the complexity and capacity of floral biodiversity. It also incorporates established biodiversity indices: species abundance evenness (probability of species occurrence) and the Shannon index. This is the first time that the values of complexity and power indicators for real ecological systems have been calculated. The findings reveal that the biodiversity of Bukhara's urban flora is characterized by uneven species abundance, with significant dominance of certain tree species (Pinus brutia var. eldarica (Medw.) Silba; Ulmus parvifolia L.; Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco); shrubs (Rosa chinensis Jacq.; Yucca filamentosa L.), and herbs (Hordeum bulbosum L.; Descurainia Sophia L.; Seteria viridis (L.) P.Beauv; Coreopsis lanceolata L). A high level of complexity and low capacity in the biodiversity structure of the studied urban flora indicate weak resilience, adaptability, and regenerative capacity of the flora. These observations suggest that the general principles (lack of uniformity, unified logic, harmony, purpose, and order) governing biodiversity transformation in nature are disrupted in urban ecosystems due to the imposition of subjective logic, harmony, purpose, and order.
Photostimulation of Locus Coeruleus CA1 catecholaminergic terminals reversed spatial memory impairment in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model.
Authors: Gálvez-Márquez Donovan K. , Urrego-Morales Oscar , Rodríguez-Durán Luis F. , Bermúdez-Rattoni Federico
Published: January 2025

Rationale One of the earliest changes associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the loss of catecholaminergic terminals in the cortex and hippocampus originating from the Locus Coeruleus (LC). This decline leads to reduced catecholaminergic neurotransmitters in the hippocampus, affecting synaptic plasticity and spatial memory. However, it is unclear whether restoring catecholaminergic transmission in the terminals from the LC may alleviate the spatial memory deficits associated with AD.
Objectives This study investigates how optogenetic stimulation of catecholaminergic projections from the locus coeruleus to the hippocampal CA1 region may enhance spatial memory and alleviate synaptic plasticity deficits associated with Alzheimer's disease.
Methods We conducted experiments using a 12-month-old 3xTg-AD mouse model (AD-TH), which expresses Cre recombinase under the control of the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene. This model allowed us to photostimulate the terminals from the locus coeruleus in the hippocampal CA1 region before performing two different spatial memory tasks and inducing long-term potentiation (LTP).
Results Optogenetic stimulation successfully reversed the impairment of spatial memory retrieval in aging AD-TH mice. Furthermore, this stimulation restored catecholaminergic neurotransmitter levels in the hippocampus and enhanced synaptic plasticity, as demonstrated by an LTP protocol.
Conclusions These findings indicate that the catecholaminergic circuitry from the locus coeruleus (LC) to the hippocampal CA1 region plays a crucial role in disrupting synaptic plasticity and contributing to the spatial memory deficits seen in the early stages of AD. This study highlights the potential therapeutic benefits of targeting LC catecholaminergic neurons to improve cognitive function in patients with AD.
Mortality rate in chronic fibrosing idiopathic interstitial pneumonia: the role of lung cancer
Authors: Chacón Beatriz Morales , Alcázar Lydia Abásolo , Walther José Luis Álvarez-Sala , Barbero María Asunción Nieto
Published: January 2025

Background. The coexistence of chronic fibrosing idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (cf-IIP) and lung cancer (LC) in the same patient raises many doubts regarding patient prognosis and complicates decision-making in multidisciplinary thoracic committees.
Research questions. To provide new insights into the management and prognosis of patients with cf-IIP, we assessed the sociodemographic and clinical differences between patients with and without LC to evaluate their role in their mortality. Other factors were also studied.
Methods. A longitudinal study was conducted from January 1, 2001, to December 31, 2020, in “XXX”. All patients who attended the interstitial lung disease multidisciplinary unit and had a medical diagnosis of cf-IIP were included. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. The independent variable was the presence of LC. Covariates: sociodemographic, clinical, and therapeutic variables. The mortality rate (MR) was expressed per 1000 patient-years with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Cox multiple regression analysis examined the influence of LC and other covariates on mortality. The results are expressed as hazard ratios (HRs) with CIs.
Results. A total of 313 patients with cf-IIP were included, with a follow‑up of 1589.6 patient‑years. There were 209 (66.8%) deaths. The MR was 131.5 (114.8-150.6), and 50% of patients died at 5.58 years from cf-IIP diagnosis. After adjusting for confounders, LC was associated with a significantly increased risk of mortality (HR: 4.11; 2.50-6.77; p = 0.000), whereas antifibrotic treatment was the only factor that decreased the risk of mortality (HR: 0.60; 0.43-0.84; p = 0.003). The prevalence of LC was 15.3%. The most common histopathological type was squamous cell carcinoma (39.6%). At diagnosis, 68.7% of LC cases were in stages III-IV. The most widely used treatment was chemotherapy and its combination (43.7%).
Conclusions. Patients with cf-IIP who developed LC had a fourfold increased risk of mortality and shorter mean survival (two years versus six years) compared with those without LC. Therefore, we recommend LC screening in these patients.
Preventive maintenance on highway roads
Authors: Pshidatok M. A. , Matsiy S. I.
Published: January 2025

Dangerous geological processes such as landslides, mudflows, rockfalls, and bank erosion are observed in many regions of Russia. This paper aims to expand the classification of works on engineering protection of highway sections from hazardous geological processes to reduce the risk of emergencies. The issues of engineering protection of highways are considered, as well as the principles (conditions) formed in the process of their construction, which provide for timely organizational and constructive decisions at the stages of design and subsequent operation. According to the Decree of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation No. 402 dated November 16, 2012, the following classification of works was approved: overhaul, repair of highways, maintenance works of highways. Not only designing new means of engineering protection of highways, but also maintaining the proper functioning of existing ones is relevant for specialists in the field of road construction. A list of recommended measures is designed to ensure reliable and fail-safe operation of retaining walls as well as to analyze the technical condition of landslide protection structures for subsequent measures to prevent emergencies. The present paper indicates a new type of work, i.e. preventive maintenance works, which may involve minor modifications to the retaining wall structure to strengthen it. When they are performed, overhaul of the site is not required.
Frequency of cry-like genes in Bacillus thuringiensis strains of the Crimean microorganism collection
Authors: Kryzhko A. V.
Published: January 2025

The entomopathogenic strains of Bacillus thuringiensis are used in the development of new-generation biopreparations against leaf-eating insects. The present study was aimed at analyzing the frequency of cry-like genes in the strains and at identifying a promising strain for the development of an entomopathogenic biopreparation on its basis. The study materials included the entomopathogenic strains of Bacillus thuringiensis obtained from the Crimean microorganism collection of the Crimean Agricultural Research Institute. The entomopathogenic effect of promising strains was studied in laboratory experiments on Coleoptera and Lepidoptera larvae. The following strains of Bacillus thuringiensis were identified as the most promising, i.e., containing at least four toxin genes: 708 (cry1, thuE, cry7-8, cry11), 942 (cry1, thuE, cry11, vip), 949 (cry1, thuE, cry4, cry7-8), 989 (cry1, thuE, cry11, vip), 0162 (cry1, thuE, cry11, vip), 0307 (cry1, thuE, cry4, cry7-8), 0308 (cry1, thuE, cry4, cry7-8), 0363 (cry1, thuE, cry5, cry11) и 0371 (cry1, thuE, cry9, cry11). The isolated strains of Bacillus thuringiensis 0162, 0307, 0363, and 0371 were found to have a high entomopathogenic effect on the larvae of the Colorado potato beetle and elm-leaf beetle (88.3–100%), as well as the caterpillars of ermine moth, cabbage moth, brown-tail moth, and fall webworm (92.3–100%). It is shown that Bacillus thuringiensis strain 0371 goes through all traditional stages of development and exhibits complete release of crystals and spores from the sporangium within 45–48 h. Thus, strain 0371 can be used to develop specifications for manufacturing a plant protection biopreparation.
Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of functionally substituted 1,3-dioxacycloalkanes
Authors: Borisova Yu. G. , Bulgakov A. K. , Khusnutdinova N. S. , Raskil’dina G. Z. , Zlotskii S. S. , Bulgakova A. A. , Meshcheryakova S. A. , Sultanova R. M.
Published: January 2025

One of the directions in the development of organic chemistry is the synthesis of biologically active compounds, including those with bactericidal activity, based on available petrochemical raw materials. In order to expand the library of bioactive compounds containing a 1,3-dioxacyclane fragment, the synthesis of derivatives of 5-acyl-5-isopropyl-1,3-dioxane – 1-(5-isopropyl-1,3-dioxane-5-yl)ethanol and (5-isopropyl-1,3-dioxane-5-yl)ethyl phenyl carbamate was carried out. The effect of synthesized compounds containing a 1,3-dioxacyclane fragment on the growth of strains of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, lower fungi Candida albicans was studied. It was found that 2-methyl-2-ethyl-4-chloromethyl-1,3-dioxolane, containing a chloromethyl group, has an antimicrobial effect against gram-positive and gram-negative test cultures and weak antifungal activity (minimum inhibitory concentration is 100 μg/mL) against lower fungi Candida albicans. 1-(5-Isopropyl-1,3-dioxan-5-yl)ethanol exhibits antifungal activity (minimum inhibitory concentration is 2 μg/mL) and sharply reduces antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes (minimum inhibitory concentration is 100 μg/mL), in contrast to the structurally similar 2-methyl-2-ethyl-4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane, which did not show similar properties. 5-Acyl-5-isopropyl-1,3-dioxane, containing a carbonyl group in its structure, showed antimicrobial activity (minimum inhibitory concentration is 25 μg/mL) against gram-negative test cultures, with the exception of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Heterocycles (2-methyl-2-ethyl-4-chloromethyl-, 2-isobutyl-2,4-dimethyl-, 2-methyl-2-isobutyl-4-chloromethyl- and 2-methyl-2-isobutyl-4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane) at concentrations up to 100 μg/mL did not inhibit the vital activity of the studied bacteria and lower fungi. The results obtained show the prospect of continuing the search for new antimicrobial and antifungal drugs of the series of 1,3-dioxacycloalkanes, the structure of which is fundamentally different from the known antibacterial drugs.
(SPT-)LSM theorems from projective non-invertible symmetries
Authors: Pace Salvatore D. , Lam Ho Tat , Aksoy Ömer Mert
Published: January 2025

Projective symmetries are ubiquitous in quantum lattice models and can be leveraged to constrain their phase diagram and entanglement structure. In this paper, we investigate the consequences of projective algebras formed by non-invertible symmetries and lattice translations in a generalized 1+11+1D quantum XY model based on group-valued qudits. This model is specified by a finite group GG and enjoys a projective \mathsf{Rep}(G)× Z(G)𝖱𝖾𝗉(G)×Z(G) and translation symmetry, where symmetry operators obey a projective algebra in the presence of symmetry defects. For invertible symmetries, such projective algebras imply Lieb-Schultz-Mattis (LSM) anomalies. However, this is not generally true for non-invertible symmetries, and we derive a condition on GG for the existence of an LSM anomaly. When this condition is not met, we prove an SPT-LSM theorem: any unique and gapped ground state is necessarily a non-invertible weak symmetry protected topological (SPT) state with non-trivial entanglement, for which we construct an example fixed-point Hamiltonian. The projectivity also affects the dual symmetries after gauging \mathsf{Rep}(G)× Z(G)𝖱𝖾𝗉(G)×Z(G) sub-symmetries, giving rise to non-Abelian and non-invertible dipole symmetries, as well as non-invertible translations. We complement our analysis with the SymTFT, where the projectivity causes it to be a topological order non-trivially enriched by translations. Throughout the paper, we develop techniques for gauging \mathsf{Rep}(G)𝖱𝖾𝗉(G) symmetry and inserting its symmetry defects on the lattice, which are applicable to other non-invertible symmetries.
Load transfer mechanism of flexible drill string with hinges based on dynamic relaxation method
Authors: Sun Pengyu , Xu Tingting , Yue Qianbei
Published: January 2025

The flexible drill string with hinges is a unique structure for drilling ultra-short radius horizontal wells. In this paper, spatial beam elements are used to simulate the flexible drill string and outer tube, universal joint connection elements are used to simulate hinge joints, and contact gap elements are used to simulate the random contact between the flexible drill string and the outer tube. A nonlinear mechanical analysis model is established for the contact of the flexible drill string with hinges in the outer tube, and the dynamic relaxation method is adopted to solve the model. The correctness of the model and method is verified by an example with analytical solutions. Numerical calculations are conducted on six types of hinge rotation limits and six different single section lengths of flexible drill strings in the inclined section. The results illustrate that the contact force between the flexible drill string and the outer tube is discontinuous and randomly distributed along the axis. The hinge rotation limit is increased from 3° to 5.5°, the axial force transmitted to the bottom of the flexible drill string is reduced from 16.7 kN to 1.5 kN, and the torque transmitted to the bottom has little changed, and its values are close to 1900N·m. When the hinge rotation limit is greater than 5 degrees, the axial force loss rate is greater than 59.5 %. When the hinge rotation limit is 4 degrees, the axial force and torque transmitted to the bottom of the well have little change for flexible drill strings of different single section lengths.
Tooth design and verification of face spline transmission in hub bearing
Authors: Xiong Wei , Deng Zhong Di , Li Jun , Wang You , Zhang Hai Bo , Mei Song
Published: January 2025

The hub bearing with face spline transmission is a new type of hub bearing. The design method and standards are lack. In this work, the geometric relationship of the tooth profile parameters and the meshing situation are derived for the hub bearing face spline. The outer diameter D, number of teeth Z, and face tooth profile angle φ are key design parameters. The verification conditions for preload, extrusion stress, tooth root bending stress, and shear stress are established based on strength theory and assumption of uniform load distribution. To validate the design, a case study is conducted on the hub bearing face spline in a certain vehicle model, with theoretical calculation and simulation of stress by using Finite Element Method. The present FEM results compare well with those of the literature data. Finally, through the incorporation the torque strength and durability tests of the face spline, the reliability of the design theory in this work is confirmed. The results indicates that, the tooth tip fillet r1 has a significant impact on the meshing area, the maximum principal stress near the tooth root is highest at the arc of the tooth root, proving that the selection of the dangerous section is appropriate. The work has value in promoting the development of automotive wheel hub bearings.
Beyond the faucet: social-geographic disparities and trends in intermittent water supply in Peru
Authors: Hernández-Vásquez Akram , Vargas-Fernández Rodrigo
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to estimate the percentage of households with intermittent water supply (IWS) in Peru and determine the association between socioeconomic characteristics and the presence of IWS. The National Household Surveys (ENAHO) of 2017, 2018, 2019, 2019, 2021, and 2022 were used. IWS was defined as a piped water supply for less than 24 hours per day, one or more days per week. Exposure variables, such as area of residence, geographic region, population density, and human development index and their association with IWS using 2022, were explored using generalized linear models. The percentage of households with IWS varied between 40.8 and 42.5% during the period studied. At the departmental level, Tumbes, Ica, Piura, and Loreto showed the highest percentages of IWS. In households with IWS, the average duration of water supply did not exceed 8 h. Urban households, those in the Coast region, with medium population density and medium human development index, had a higher prevalence of IWS compared with their counterparts in 2022. This analysis contributes to the understanding of water access challenges in the context of climate change and the need for strategies adapted to specific urban and geographic contexts.
Financial Relationships between Industry and 2023 AUA Annual Meeting Speakers
Authors: Drevik Johnathan , Walcott Quinnlyn , Tverye Aaron , Sardiu Mihaela E. , Dai Junqiang , Lee Eugene K. , P. Souders Colby
Published: January 2025

Introduction

This study aimed to analyze the industry relationships and industry payments for the American Urological Association (AUA) 2023 annual meeting plenary speakers. We focused on the financial contributions of these opinion leaders to urology.

Materials and Methods

We used the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Open Payments Database, cross-referencing it with the 2023 AUA plenary speakers list, covering payments from 2015-2022, focusing on 2022. The analysis included categorization by provider training, geographic section, subspecialty, H-index, and guideline panel involvement, using median, interquartile range, frequency, and proportion for statistical analysis.

Results

An analysis of 171 U.S.-based AUA 2023 plenary speakers identified medical oncology as the highest-compensated subspecialty in 2022. Notably, 24% received over $100,000 between 2015-2022, and 7% exceeded $50,000 in 2022. Among AUA or National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guideline panel members, 48% received over $50,000 over seven years, and 34% received over $10,000 in 2022.

Conclusion

The study revealed substantial financial relationships between the industry and AUA 2023 plenary speakers, especially those on guideline panels, with most payments in the form of consulting fees. The findings highlighted the importance of transparency and ethical considerations in urology, given the potential influence of these financial ties on medical decision-making and guideline development.
A Game Theory Approach to Trip Distribution Model: Game Distribution Model
Authors: Gündoğar Sümeyye Şeyma Kuşakcı , Tezcan Hüseyin Onur
Published: January 2025

Introduction

In Transport planning, the four-step travel demand model is one of the most popular macro scale planning tools since the 1970s. The second step of this traditional model, i.e., trip distribution, plays an essential role in the model and at the same time, it is the most controversial step.

Methods

Various alternative approaches are available in the literature for modelling trip distribution, such as the Gravity Model, intervening opportunities model, logit models etc. However, none of these models is universally accepted. Although the gravity model is the most common and well-known trip distribution model, it is often subject to the same criticisms as other alternative models. In this study, the trip distribution step of the four-step model is designed as a rational game to replicate preferences in a more realistic way. The usual assumption in the traditional distribution model is that decision-makers are influenced by only origin/destination-based travel attributes and/or impedance of the trip to the destination. However, other probable destination circumstances are not included in this procedure. In order to incorporate the actual determinants of trip making, Traffic Analysis Zones (TAZ) are considered to be gamers in the proposed model, and the generalized trip cost was considered to be the cost of gamers. Each TAZ has a utility that attracts individuals from other TAZs. Trips are distributed by comparing the utility of a TAZ with the associated cost. Empirical verification of the model is performed by using the household survey data for Eskişehir/Turkey.

Results

The evaluation was performed with different goodness of fit statistics for 5 different structured O/D matrices representing various demand settings. The results indicate that the proposed model demonstrates strong performance according to selected micro- and macro-level goodness-of-fit statistics, with all R2 values exceeding 0.80.

Conclusion

When compared to the classic Gravity Model, these goodness-of-fit measures yield better results in general.
AN ANALYSIS OF LIFE CYCLE SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT ON THE SUGAR PRODUCTION PROCESS IN PT X
Authors: Dina Atikah Aulia , Tama Ishardita Pambudi , Gapsari Femiana , Ayunin Aliya Qurrota
Published: January 2025

Among the industries that have detrimental effects on the environment is the sugarcane sector. Consequently, it is possible to draw the conclusion that the sugarcane sector is not environmentally sustainable. According to the study's findings, the primary cause of all damage categories is the usage of power produced through bagasse cogeneration. With a total score of 71,2%, human health makes the largest contribution to the harm categories. It is anticipated that this research's findings will lessen PT X's environmental effect, making the company more environmentally sustainable.
LENGTH-WEIGHT RELATIONSHIP AND CONDITION FACTOR OF FOURFINGER THREADFIN (Eleutheronema tetradactylum Shaw, 1804) IN SEDATI, SIDOARJO
Authors:   Fisheries Resource Utilization Study Program, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Rahman Muhammad Arif ,   Marine Resource Exploration and Management Research Group (MEXMA), Universitas Brawijaya, Wiadnya Dewa Gede Raka ,   Fisheries Resource Utilization Study Program, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Harlyan Ledhyane Ika ,   Fisheries Resource Utilization Study Program, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya,   Marine Resource Exploration and Management Research Group (MEXMA), Universitas Brawijaya, Setyohadi Daduk ,   Fisheries Resource Utilization Study Program, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Mahsuna Inna Rohmatul ,   Fisheries Resource Utilization Study Program, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya
Published: January 2025

The fourfinger threadfin, Eleutheronema tetradactylum is one of economic demersal species in Indonesia. Information of its biology was needed to ensure the sustainable fisheries management of this species. This study aimsto estimate the lengthweight relationship and condition factor of E. tetradactylum landed in Sedati, Sidoarjo, East Java. In total, 649 samples were randomly collected from Sedati Fishing Base during the study. The results indicated that E. tetradactylum has negative allometric growth pattern (b = 2.8, p<0.05), means the growth of length was faster than weight. In addition, the average value of relative weight condition factor (kn) was 1.01, which is greater than or equal to 1, means E. tetradactylum live in good growth conditions. This finding contributes to managing E. tetradactylum fishery in the north Java waters, especially in East Java. As this study was conducted from unsexed samples, future research with focuse on sexed samples is suggested to give more comprehensive result.
Assessing the Feasibility and Utility of Patient-Specific 3D Advanced Visualization Modeling in Cerebrovascular Disease: Retrospective Analysis and Prospective Survey Pilot Study
Authors: Sarkar Korak , Bhimarasetty Vishal , Rahim Abdul , Curtis Colin , Hughes Kimberly
Published: January 2025

Background

The prevalence, clinical burden, and health care costs (>US $100 billion) associated with cerebrovascular disease (CVD) will increase significantly as the US population grows and ages over the next 25 years. Existing 2D imaging modalities have inherent limitations in visualizing complex CVD, which may be mitigated with the use of patient-specific 3D advanced visualization (AV) technologies. There remain gaps in knowledge, however, regarding how and with what impact these technologies are being used in CVD.

Objective

The aim of this study was to characterize the clinical attributes and reported utility associated with the use of 3D AV modeling in CVDs, specifically intracerebral arteriovenous malformations.

Methods

This pilot study employs a combination of retrospective analysis and prospective surveys to describe the utilization and utility of patient-specific AV models at a single high-volume certified comprehensive stroke center.

Results

From July 2017 to February 2023, 25 AV models were created for 4 different clinicians. The average patient age was 37.4 years; 44% (11/25) of the patients were African Americans, 52% (13/25) were on public insurance, and 56% (14/25) were associated with a neurovascular procedure. In this study, 18 clinicians with diverse experience responded to AV model surveys, with a 92.2% (166/180) completion rate. There was an average reported utility of 8.0 on a 0-10 scale, with higher scores reflecting increased utility. Compared to 2D viewing, AV models allowed staff to appreciate novel abnormal anatomy, and therefore, they would have changed their therapeutic approach in 45% (23/51) of the cases.

Conclusions

AV models were used in complex CVDs associated with young, publicly insured individuals requiring resource-intensive interventions. There was strong and diverse clinician engagement with overall report of substantial utility of AV models. Staff clinicians frequently reported novel anatomical and therapeutic insights based on AV models compared to traditional 2D viewing. This study establishes the infrastructure for future larger randomized studies that can be repeated for CVDs or other disease states and incorporate assessments of other AV modalities such as 3D printing and medical extended reality.
Leveraging Smart Telemedicine Technology to Enhance Nursing Care Satisfaction and Revolutionize COVID-19 Care: Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Chang You-Lung , Lin Chi-Ying , Hsu Jiun , Liao Sui-Ling , Yu Chun-Ti , Peng Hung-Chueh , Chen Chung-Yu , Ma Matthew Huei-Ming , Hwang Juey-Jen
Published: January 2025

Background

Telemedicine has been utilized in the care of patients with COVID-19, allowing real-time remote monitoring of vital signs. This technology reduces the risk of transmission while providing high-quality care to both self-quarantined patients with mild symptoms and critically ill patients in hospitals.

Objective

This study aims to investigate the application of telemedicine technology in the care of patients with COVID-19, specifically focusing on usability, effectiveness, and patient outcomes in both home isolation and hospital ward settings.

Methods

The study was conducted between January 2022 and December 2022. More than 800 cases were monitored using the QOCA remote home care system, a telemedicine platform that enables remote monitoring of physiological data—including heart rate, blood pressure, temperature, and oxygen levels—through Internet of Things devices and a 4G-connected tablet. Of these, 27 patients participated in thie study: the QOCA remote home care system was deployed 36 times in the isolation ward and 21 times to those in home isolation. The QOCA remote care system monitored isolated cases through remote care packages and a 4G tablet. Case managers and physicians provided telemedicine appointments and medications. Innovative methods were developed to enhance usage, including online health education, remote care equipment instructions via QR core links, and video consultations for patients without smartphones.

Results

A clinical nurse satisfaction survey revealed that most respondents found the content of the remote care package comprehensive and the interface easy to learn. They expressed a desire to continue using the system. The majority also agreed that using the remote care system and package would reduce their workload and that patients and caregivers could easily learn to use the package. While some respondents expressed concerns about network and Bluetooth connectivity, the majority (24/27, 89%) agreed to include the remote device as part of their routine equipment, with an average score of 84.8 points.

Conclusions

The integration of telemedicine technology improves the quality of care while reducing the workload and exposure of health care workers to viruses.
Attitudes of German General Practitioners Toward eHealth Apps for Dementia Risk Reduction: Qualitative Interview Study
Authors: Schultz Adrian , Luppa Melanie , Bleckwenn Markus , Riedel-Heller Steffi G , Zuelke Andrea
Published: January 2025

Background

eHealth interventions constitute a promising approach to disease prevention, particularly because of their ability to facilitate lifestyle changes. Although a rather recent development, eHealth interventions might be able to promote brain health and reduce dementia risk in older adults.

Objective

This study aimed to explore the perspective of general practitioners (GPs) on the potentials and barriers of eHealth interventions for brain health. Understanding the perspective of GPs allows us to identify chances and challenges for implementing eHealth apps for dementia risk reduction.

Methods

We conducted semistructured expert interviews with 9 GPs working in an outpatient setting in and near Leipzig, Germany. Data were fully transcribed and analyzed using a process model of qualitative content analysis with codes and categories being constructed inductively and deductively.

Results

We found generally favorable but balanced views of eHealth apps for brain health. Eight themes were identified and elaborated on in the data as follows: “addressing dementia,” “knowledge about dementia,” “need for information,” “potential for prevention,” “chances for apps for prevention,” “development of apps for prevention,” and “barriers of apps for prevention.” GPs talked mostly about how and when to address dementia and the requirements for their use of eHealth apps for dementia prevention. GPs stated that they only addressed dementia once abnormalities were already present or less frequently when a patient or relative expressed a direct wish, while individual dementia risk or standardized diagnostic during routine check-ups were mentioned much less frequently. According to GPs, knowledge about dementia in patients was low; therefore, patients expressed little need for information on dementia risk factors and prevention in GP practices. Most patients wished for quick information regarding diagnostics, treatment options, and progression of the disease. GPs mentioned a lack of overview of the available eHealth apps and their content. They also expressed a fear of inducing health anxiety when talking to patients about risk factors and prevention.

Conclusions

GPs want patients to receive relevant and individualized information. Prerequisites for the use of eHealth apps for dementia prevention were app characteristics related to design and content. GPs need to address dementia more routinely, assess relevant risk factors, and aid patients in a preventive role. Concerns were expressed over limited effectiveness, overwhelming patients, limited use in clinical practice, and only targeting patients with an already low risk of dementia.
Effects of the Modern Digital Information Environment on Maternal Health Care Professionals, the Role of Midwives, and the People in Their Care: Scoping Review
Authors: Wilhelm Elisabeth , Vivilaki Victoria , Calleja-Agius Jean , Petelos Elena , Tzeli Maria , Giaxi Paraskevi , Triantiafyllou Elena , Asimaki Eleni , Alevizou Faye , Purnat Tina D
Published: January 2025

Background

The digital information environment poses challenges for pregnant women and other people seeking care, as well as for their midwives and other health care professionals (HCPs). They can encounter questions, concerns, information gaps, and misinformation, which can influence health care decisions.

Objective

This scoping review examines how HCPs are affected by the modern digital information environment including health misinformation, its effects on the women and people they care for, and its implications for care provision.

Methods

English-language peer-reviewed literature, published from January 1, 2020, to May 31, 2024, with keywords related to midwifery, misinformation, and health equity collected and analyzed by a team of midwives and maternal care professionals and mapped onto a patient-centered conceptual model.

Results

A total of 105 studies were ultimately included. Further, 95 papers identified specific digital information environment issues that affected clients; 58 specifically highlighted digital information environment issues impacting HCPs; 91 papers identified specific topics of common questions, concerns, misinformation, information voids, or narratives; 57 papers identified patient or population vulnerability; and 75 included mentions of solutions or recommendations for addressing a digital information environment issue around clients seeking care from midwives and other HCPs. When mapped onto the Journey to Health model, the most prominent barrier was access to care and information. Individual-level issues dominate the step related to knowledge, awareness, and belief, with more social norms and wider engagement appearing at steps related to intent. Client-specific themes dominate the left-hand side of the model and provider-specific issues dominate the right-hand side of the model.

Conclusions

Misinformation, information voids, unaddressed questions and concerns, and lack of access to high-quality health information are worldwide prevalent barriers that affect both patients and HCPs. We identified individual, provider-level, health systems, and societal-level strategies that can be used to promote healthier digital information environments.
AirCanvas using OpenCV and MediaPipe
Authors: S M Dikshith
Published: January 2025

Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) has undergone significant transformations with the advent of Artificial
Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML), enhancing the ways in which users engage with computing systems. This paper
introduces AirCanvas, a novel hands-free digital interaction tool that leverages air gestures for intuitive and seamless computer
control. The system uses advanced image processing techniques, specifically OpenCV for visual data analysis and MediaPipe for
accurate hand gesture recognition, enabling users to manipulate virtual environments without physical touch. By integrating a
standard webcam as the primary sensor, AirCanvas offers an accessible solution for gesture-based interaction, eliminating the
need for specialized external hardware like motion sensors or gloves. Users can perform a variety of tasks such as virtual
drawing, cursor control, and presentation navigation with simple hand gestures in 3D space. The system's gesture recognition
capabilities are powered by deep learning models trained on large datasets of hand movements, ensuring robust performance in
diverse lighting and environmental conditions.
The potential applications of AirCanvas are far-reaching, ranging from interactive art creation to more practical uses in
assistive technology, where people with mobility impairments can benefit from hands-free control. In the field of robotics, the
tool can enable more natural human-robot interaction, while in gaming, it can introduce new forms of immersive gameplay
through gesture-based interfaces. Furthermore, the tool's open-source nature allows for further customization and
enhancement, fostering innovation and collaboration in various industries. As human-computer interaction continues to evolve,
AirCanvas represents a significant step forward in making technology more intuitive, engaging, and accessible for all users.
College counselors’ calling and burnout: Mediation through role identity
Authors: Xu Yuan , Zhang Xueyao , Jiang Hao
Published: January 2025

The detrimental effects of burnout on the mental well-being and professional efficacy of college counselors underscore the importance of exploring factors mitigating this phenomenon. We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 406 Chinese college counselors to investigate the relationships
between calling, role identity, and burnout, seeking to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of burnout in this population. Structural equation modeling analysis revealed a negative association between calling and burnout, with role identity serving as a pivotal mediator of this relationship.
By integrating identity theory into an examination of the callingâ–“burnout relationship, this study not only enhances theoretical understanding but also offers empirical insights for developing effective interventions to address burnout among college counselors.
Thermoeconomic Analyses of Heat Pumps
Authors: Oztekin Erman Kadir , Gur Mehmet Murat , Karaali Rabi
Published: January 2025

Recently, the rapid development of technology and the increase in energy costs and needs have made reducing the costs and efficient use of energy and exergy important. The thermoeconomic analysis method, which is the best cost analysis method of energy and exergy, gives the ways to reduce costs and increase efficiency that can be applied a facility. It has been found that the most suitable thermoeconomic solution for winter heating and summer cooling of a facility is a vertical underground source heat pump and the most high-performance working fluid that should be used is R32.  If the heating is done with a ground source heat pump instead of electrical energy, 4.25 kW of heating energy will be obtained for each kW of electrical energy given for heating, since the costs are COPIP 4.25. Here the earnings increase by around 325%. In other words, heating costs decrease by around 77.5 percent, that is, from one hundred liras to 22.5 liras.
Transformative Reflections
Authors: nikolaj hess
Published: January 2025

This project investigates how Transformative Reflections can be developed as a range of methods and processes and how it can be used to create music based on and inspired by paintings.

The project has worked with developing a method for translating from painting to composition and improvisation, and making inspiration from another artistic domain tangible. It also seeks to get closer to the artistic material and inspiration that to me seems to lie before the art expresses itself as a work, with an idea of what could be called a pre-art.

Methodologically the project explores through four different method categories and an artwork dialogue perspective, both how to get closer to the intrinsic material and values in the reflected work, and to how the extrinsic expressions might translate to meaningful artworks in another domain, in this case music.

Furthermore, it investigates the potential of new artistic hybrid art experiences based on the findings and examines the processes and considerations of these.

The artistic purpose is through transformative reflections of painting to new works in improvisational and compositional contemporary music (jazz), to create a multidimensional, multisensory art experience space, where the individual work can be experienced both independently and in close communication with a work from another artistic domain.
Gamma-ray attenuation characteristics of polypropylene filled with nano-sized and bulk Bi2O3 and CuO
Authors: Gouda Mona , Shebly Mona , Habanjar Khulud , Obeid Amro , Awad Ramadan , Badawi Mohamed
Published: January 2025

Polypropylene was produced using compression molding and combined with bulk
Bi2O3/CuO, and Bi2O3/CuO nanocomposites at various filler weight
fractions (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%). Gamma-ray energies from
four radioactive sources (241Am, 133Ba, 137Cs, and 60Co), ranging from 59.53
keV to 1332.5 keV, were used to evaluate the radiation attenuation
capabilities of the new PP/Bi2O3/CuO polymer composite. Parameters such as
the mass attenuation coefficients, total molecular cross-section,
effective atomic cross-section, total electronic cross-section, electron
density, effective atomic number, half-value layer, tenth value layer, and
relaxation length were examined. The results underscored the significant
influence of both the size and weight fraction of Bi2O3/CuO fillers on the
gamma-ray shielding ability of the polypropylene composite, particularly at lower gamma-ray energy levels. Pure lead, a traditional and widely
used shielding material, was used as a reference to assess the effectiveness
of the polypropylene composite's half-value layer. Polypropylene
composites incorporating nano-sized Bi2O3/CuO exhibited notable improvements
in attenuation parameters, highlighting their potential for
radiation protection and gamma-ray shielding applications.
Analysis of Key Errors in Modern Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation: A Critical Perspective
Authors: AN Belousov
Published: January 2025

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) is a set of clinical manifestations of systemic thrombohemorrhagia. Despite the
existence of numerous guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of DIC, mortality from this condition remains high, ranging
from 45% to 78%. The purpose of this study is to analyze the key provisions of leading guidelines and articles dedicated to the
prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of DIC. During the study of conceptual errors were identified in the presented guidelines
and articles, leading to false principles in the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of DIC. A deep, comprehensive understanding
of the functioning of the coagulation system, based on fundamental knowledge, of keys to the correct assessment of its state
and the choice of the most effective therapy method. The principles of diagnosis, prevention and treatment of DIC should be
based on the pathophysiology of a coagulopathy development, clinical data, laboratory and instrumental studies, as well as an
understanding of the mechanisms of action of therapeutic agents, taking into account an individual approach. Only the section
on clinical transfusiology can provide the necessary professional knowledge on this topic and a clinical transfusiologist is
capable of diagnosing, preventing and if necessary, effectively correcting hemostasis in Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC).
Examining Teachers’ Ratings and Perspectives on Literacy Acquisition in the Early Childhood Classroom
Authors: Martin Andre
Published: January 2025

Literacy continues to plague education systems, particularly in the Caribbean; none withstanding teachers’ perceptions can inform strategies to improve students’ literacy achievement. The study examined teachers’ perspectives on literacy acquisition to understand the literacy instruction provided in the early childhood classroom. Data was collected from Grade I and II teachers through semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire using an explanatory sequential mixed methods research design. Teachers rated their students’ reading readiness and emergent literacy as high, indicating that their students acquire literacy through teacher-centered and child-centered approaches in literacy instruction. Significant disparities occurred between districts and literacy professional development levels. The main challenges cited for literacy acquisition were poor school attendance, poor attitude towards reading, lack of parental involvement, slow adaptation to change, and the unavailability of resources. Teachers shared a perspective of using a balanced approach, which represents a combination of skills-based and emergent literacy approaches to deliver literacy instruction. Quality literacy instruction, a mixture of constructivist and teacher centered approaches marred with parental involvement developed through focused literacy parenting sessions and a literacy-rich environment, can support the development of literacy acquisition.
Comparison of Indonesian and Malaysian Tax Court Laws Following Constitutional Court Decision Number 26/PUU-XXI/2023
Authors: Devano Sony , Kurniawan Shelly , Irham Imam
Published: January 2025

Tax disputes in Indonesia are complex and have their own mechanisms. This study compares two Southeast Asian laws, namely Indonesian law and Malaysian law, by looking at the definition, characteristics, objectives, and legal systems in the tax court structure. The purpose of this study is to see and find advantages and disadvantages. When compared to the Malaysian legal system, Indonesia has many advantages, such as the overall dispute resolution time, which is relatively shorter when compared to tax disputes in Malaysia, but also has disadvantages, such as the status of independence against tax objections due to its unified position with the Directorate General of Taxes, as well as the tax court which is still under the Ministry of Finance. Indonesia, as a country of law, must have a good and definite legal system, with a court structure that considers the culture and customs of society like Malaysia, because law enforcement will be more effective if it is in accordance with the values or customs that have been formed in the community itself.