bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SDSS J163459.82+204936.0: A RINGED INFRARED-LUMINOUS QUASAR WITH OUTFLOWS IN BOTH ABSORPTION AND EMISSION LINES
Authors: Liu Wen-Juan , Zhou Hong-Yan , Jiang Ning , Wu Xufen , Lyu Jianwei , Shi Xiheng , Shu Xinwen , Jiang Peng , Ji Tuo , Wang Jian-Guo , Wang Shu-Fen , Sun Luming
Published: May 2016

SDSS J163459.82+204936.0 is a local (z = 0.1293) infrared-luminous quasar with L
IR = 1011.91

. We present a detailed multiwavelength study of both the host galaxy and the nucleus. The host galaxy, appearing as an early-type galaxy in the optical images and spectra, demonstrates violent, obscured star formation activities with SFR ≈ 140

yr−1, estimated from either the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission or IR luminosity. The optical to NIR spectra exhibit a blueshifted narrow cuspy component in Hβ, He i
λλ5876, 10830, and other emission lines consistently with an offset velocity of ≈900

, as well as additional blueshifting phenomena in high-ionization lines (e.g., a blueshifted broad component of He i
λ10830 and the bulk blueshifting of [O iii]λ5007), while there exist blueshifted broad absorption lines (BALs) in Na i D and He i
λλ3889, 10830, indicative of the active galactic nucleus outflows producing BALs and emission lines. Constrained mutually by the several BALs in the photoionization simulations with Cloudy, the physical properties of the absorption line outflow are derived as follows: density 104 < n
H ≲ 105 cm−3, ionization parameter 10−1.3 ≲ U ≲ 10−0.7 , and column density 1022.5 ≲ N
H ≲ 1022.9 cm−2, which are similar to those derived for the emission line outflows. This similarity suggests a common origin. Taking advantages of both the absorption lines and outflowing emission lines, we find that the outflow gas is located at a distance of ∼48–65 pc from the nucleus and that the kinetic luminosity of the outflow is 1044–1046

. J1634+2049 has a off-centered galactic ring on the scale of ∼30 kpc that is proved to be formed by a recent head-on collision by a nearby galaxy for which we spectroscopically measure the redshift. Thus, this quasar is a valuable object in the transitional phase emerging out of dust enshrouding as depicted by the co-evolution scenario invoking galaxy merger (or violent interaction) and quasar feedback. Its proximity enables our further observational investigations in detail (or tests) of the co-evolution paradigm.
THE EMPIRE SURVEY: SYSTEMATIC VARIATIONS IN THE DENSE GAS FRACTION AND STAR FORMATION EFFICIENCY FROM FULL-DISK MAPPING OF M51
Authors: Bigiel Frank , Leroy Adam K. , Jiménez-Donaire Maria J. , Pety Jérôme , Usero Antonio , Cormier Diane , Bolatto Alberto , Garcia-Burillo Santiago , Colombo Dario , González-García Manuel , Hughes Annie , Kepley Amanda A. , Kramer Carsten , Sandstrom Karin , Schinnerer Eva , Schruba Andreas , Schuster Karl , Tomicic Neven , Zschaechner Laura
Published: May 2016

We present the first results from the EMPIRE survey, an IRAM large program that is mapping tracers of high-density molecular gas across the disks of nine nearby star-forming galaxies. Here, we present new maps of the 3 mm transitions of HCN, HCO+, and HNC across the whole disk of our pilot target, M51. As expected, dense gas correlates with tracers of recent star formation, filling the “luminosity gap” between Galactic cores and whole galaxies. In detail, we show that both the fraction of gas that is dense,

f

dense

traced by HCN/CO, and the rate at which dense gas forms stars,

SFE

dense

traced by IR/HCN, depend on environment in the galaxy. The sense of the dependence is that high-surface-density, high molecular gas fraction regions of the galaxy show high dense gas fractions and low dense gas star formation efficiencies. This agrees with recent results for individual pointings by Usero et al. but using unbiased whole-galaxy maps. It also agrees qualitatively with the behavior observed contrasting our own Solar Neighborhood with the central regions of the Milky Way. The sense of the trends can be explained if the dense gas fraction tracks interstellar pressure but star formation occurs only in regions of high density contrast.
DISCOVERY OF THREE PULSATING, MIXED-ATMOSPHERE, EXTREMELY LOW-MASS WHITE DWARF PRECURSORS*
Authors: Gianninas A. , Curd Brandon , Fontaine G. , Brown Warren R. , Kilic Mukremin
Published: May 2016

We report the discovery of pulsations in three mixed-atmosphere, extremely low-mass white dwarf (ELM WD, M 

≤

0.3 M
⊙) precursors. Following the recent discoveries of pulsations in both ELM and pre-ELM WDs, we targeted pre-ELM WDs with mixed H/He atmospheres with high-speed photometry. We find significant optical variability in all three observed targets with periods in the range 320–590 s, consistent in timescale with theoretical predictions of p-mode pulsations in mixed-atmosphere ≈0.18 M
⊙ He-core pre-ELM WDs. This represents the first empirical evidence that pulsations in pre-ELM WDs can only occur if a significant amount of He is present in the atmosphere. Future, more extensive, timeseries photometry of the brightest of the three new pulsators offers an excellent opportunity to constrain the thickness of the surface H layer, which regulates the cooling timescales for ELM WDs.
MEASUREMENT OF THE BLACK HOLE MASS IN NGC 1332 FROM ALMA OBSERVATIONS AT 0.044 ARCSECOND RESOLUTION
Authors: Barth Aaron J. , Boizelle Benjamin D. , Darling Jeremy , Baker Andrew J. , Buote David A. , Ho Luis C. , Walsh Jonelle L.
Published: May 2016

We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Cycle 3 observations of CO(2–1) emission from the circumnuclear disk in the E/S0 galaxy NGC 1332 at 0.″044 resolution. The disk exhibits regular rotational kinematics and central high-velocity emission (±500 km s−1) consistent with the presence of a compact central mass. We construct models for a thin, dynamically cold disk in the gravitational potential of the host galaxy and black hole and fit the beam-smeared model line profiles directly to the ALMA data cube. Model fits successfully reproduce the disk kinematics out to r = 200 pc. Fitting models just to spatial pixels within projected r = 50 pc of the nucleus (two times larger than the black hole’s gravitational radius of influence), we find

M

BH

=
(

6.64

−
0.63

+
0.65

)
×

10

8

M

⊙

. This observation demonstrates ALMA’s powerful capability to determine the masses of supermassive black holes by resolving gas kinematics on small angular scales in galaxy nuclei.
Energy Efficient Improvements of Existing Buildings through Building Envelope Upgrade Case Study of High Rise Block of Flats on 76, Boulevard Partizanski Odredi in Karpos IV, Skopje
Authors: Petrushevska Katerina
Published: May 2016

AIM: This research examines the important issue of energy efficient improvements to the existing building stock through building envelope upgrade. To facilitate this, the energy performance characteristics of the existing building stock were identified with a view to establishing an existing building stock type, where building envelope upgrades can contribute to a higher level of energy efficiency improvements. The literature review along with the selected building precedents was used to establish the best current practice for building envelope upgrades.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Established building precedents and identified best practice for building envelope upgrade, a high rise block of flats was identified and used as a case study, with the current and predicted, following building envelope upgrade, energy performance of the building calculated. This has allowed us to identify the possible energy efficiency improvements for this type of building following the building envelope upgrade. RESULTS: In the projected case, the building with energy class - "D" become class "B". In addition, increased quality of the living room in the attic was enabled. It was possible to obtain a decrease of the heating energy from 130.76 kWh/m²a to 37.73 kWh/m²a or to jump in the class "B" of energetic passport.CONCLUSION: This research contributes to the local implementation of the global agenda for sustainable development, design and construction, and it demonstrates the possible way and level of energy efficiency improvements to the least efficient building stock through existing building envelope upgrade.
Gagner sa vie au volant au risque de la perdre. Les pilotes automobiles européens (années 1920-1930)
Authors: Moreau Sébastien
Published: May 2016

Cet article traite de l’émergence du groupe professionnel des pilotes automobiles en Europe durant l’entre-deux-guerres. Cette période est celle de l’institutionnalisation et de la médiatisation jusqu’alors inédite des compétitions automobiles, sous la houlette coordonnée des Automobile-Clubs, des industriels et des journalistes européens. Dans ce contexte sont étudiées les conditions d’exercice de cette pratique sportive et mondaine à travers les trajectoires des pilotes. Celles-ci sont avant tout marquées par une grande diversité liée aux origines de ce sport, au carrefour des mutations des loisirs bourgeois et du développement sans précédent de l’industrie automobile. S’affrontent sur les routes et autodromes d’Europe des pilotes d’écurie salariés et des indépendants fortunés, formant une population stratifiée et un spectre large de pratiquants aux origines, mobilités, motivations et rémunérations variées. En devenant, dans les représentations de l’époque, les icônes du triomphe de la voiture, les pilotes n’en sont pas moins les faire-valoir des industriels qui les embauchent ou les équipent. Ce qui fait poindre dans cet espace européen parcouru et approprié, derrière la compétition sportive qui en est le support, des concurrences et stratégies industrielles de grande envergure, dont le sportif est à la fois bénéficiaire et captif.
Le sport professionnel saisi par sa convention collective : genèse d’une définition singulière (France, 1995-2014)
Authors: Fleuriel Sébastien
Published: May 2016

L’adoption de la convention collective du sport en 2005 a permis au monde sportif dans son ensemble de se constituer en branche professionnelle pour encadrer et renforcer les règles de travail dans le secteur des activités sportives. Le texte cristallise dans un de ses chapitres la notion de sport professionnel qui, en vertu de son acception bien mal aisée à contrôler, réveille des querelles de définition lors des négociations collectives. Si le sport professionnel renvoie communément dans ses usages indigènes au couple d’opposition amateur/professionnel, il résiste en effet à toute tentative de définition juridique stable, le législateur se référant le plus souvent au contrat de travail formel caractérisé par une relation de subordination entre un employeur et un employé. Ces écarts de définition entre l’usage et le droit conduisent à s’interroger sur les processus qui débouchent pourtant à son emploi dans le droit conventionnel. L’article analyse les déterminants qui ont amené les négociateurs de la branche, employeurs comme salariés, constitués en groupe d’intérêts, à produire et adopter cette catégorie d’analyse de la réalité sportive, aussi peu fiable que satisfaisante à l’usage. Le raisonnement débouche finalement sur le paradoxe suivant : la convention reconnaît dans son droit une pratique qu’elle n’est jamais parvenue à définir juridiquement.
Développement professionnel d’enseignants et réflexivité Quels seuils ? Quelles étapes ?
Authors: Colsoul Alain , Robin Françoise
Published: May 2016

L’article restitue les résultats d’une analyse d’un dispositif de pratique réflexive à l’intention d’enseignants volontaires. Un praticien réfléchi est capable de recourir à la réflexion « dans et sur l’action » (Schön, 1994) lors de situations inattendues. Les travaux de Jorro (2005) permettent d’établir la liaison entre la pratique réflexive et le développement professionnel. L’auteure envisage l’évolution du positionnement réflexif des praticiens selon des étapes qui correspondent à l’évolution dans le métier et qu’elle qualifie de seuils : le reflet, l’interprétation et la critique-régulatrice. Ce dernier seuil concerne la mise en place de stratégies alternatives au fonctionnement habituel. Il ne semble pratiquement jamais atteint. Pour envisager la possibilité d’accéder à ce seuil, nous proposons d’examiner l’apport de références théoriques conjugué à celui du groupe de pairs.
Restaurer la parentalité dans les situations de séparation parentale conflictuelle : un travail sous mandat
Authors: Denis Catherine , Cengiarotti Julie , Du Fays Barbara , Regout Lidvine
Published: May 2016

Dans le champ de l’Aide et de la Protection de la Jeunesse, un travail familial sous mandat peut être envisagé lorsqu’un conflit grave entre des parents séparés met en danger les enfants. Après avoir envisagé les différentes manières dont la parentalité peut être atteinte par ce conflit et l’impact de celui-ci sur les enfants, les auteurs décrivent différentes modalités d’intervention destinées à travailler avec des parents séparés en grand conflit, tout en attirant l’attention du lecteur sur quelques écueils à éviter. Un travail de mise en sens de l’histoire du couple est proposé. Par ailleurs, la possibilité de coopérer, entre parents et beaux-parents, sur des aspects concrets de l’éducation des enfants est encouragée. Enfin, lorsque ces tentatives se sont révélées infructueuses, un travail dyadique entre chaque parent et son enfant est proposé, en soutien à leur relation fragilisée par le conflit parental.
A preliminary study on the changes in the Italian automotive supply chain for the introduction of electric vehicles
Authors: Rossini Matteo , Ciarapica Filippo , Matt Dominik , Russo Spena Pasquale
Published: May 2016

Purpose: A survey has been carried out among Italian car makers, suppliers, and customers to identify the potential changes that the traditional Italian automotive supply chain would need for the introduction of electric vehicles. In addition, this study investigates the degree of importance that enterprises attribute to the electric vehicle market and their perceptions about the development of this market, also evaluating which types of electric vehicles and body styles are receiving the most relevant investment.Design/methodology/approach: An empirical investigation has been carried out to examine the above-mentioned aspects. Data have been collected through an on-line survey and analysed by a descriptive statistical analysis, confirmatory factors analysis, and cluster analyses.Findings: Market penetration of electric vehicles is mainly influenced by technological choices of car makers and battery manufacturers and by the ability to organize and manage the integrated actions of stakeholders, also including component suppliers, and manufacturers of vehicle management systems. Stakeholders have to exploit economies of scale, to make use and expand long-time competencies in electric engineering with automotive know-how, and to build up cooperation with experts in the new value chain to facilitate the required transfer of know-how. Alliances and joint ventures can provide manufacturers access to the know-how, technology, and production capacity of battery suppliers. Outsourcing, especially as regards research and development, will occur even more frequently in the near future. An agile supply chain should be adopted to manage a fluctuating market demand.Originality/value: This preliminary study contributes to provide an outlook of some of the most important changes that traditional Italian automotive supply chain would need to promote the introduction of electric vehicles and their critical components with an emphasis on production aspects.
Artificial Higher Order Neural Network Models
Authors: Zhang Ming
Published: May 2016

This chapter introduces the background of HONN model developing history and overview 24 applied artificial higher order neural network models. This chapter provides 24 HONN models and uses a single uniform HONN architecture for ALL 24 HONN models. This chapter also uses a uniform learning algorithm for all 24 HONN models and uses a uniform weight update formulae for all 24 HONN models. In this chapter, Polynomial HONN, Trigonometric HONN, Sigmoid HONN, SINC HONN, and Ultra High Frequency HONN structure and models are overviewed too.
Higher Order Neural Network for Financial Modeling and Simulation
Authors: Mishra Partha Sarathi , Dehuri Satchidananda
Published: May 2016

Financial market creates a complex and ever changing environment in which population of investors are competing for profit. Predicting the future for financial gain is a difficult and challenging task, however at the same time it is a profitable activity. Hence, the ability to obtain the highly efficient financial model has become increasingly important in the competitive world. To cope with this, we consider functional link artificial neural networks (FLANNs) trained by particle swarm optimization (PSO) for stock index prediction (PSO-FLANN). Our strong experimental conviction confirms that the performance of PSO tuned FLANN model for the case of lower number of ahead prediction task is promising. In most cases LMS updated algorithm based FLANN model proved to be as good as or better than the RLS updated algorithm based FLANN but at the same time RLS updated FLANN model for the prediction of stock index system cannot be ignored.
The Bromodomain testis-specific gene (Brdt) characterization and expression in gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata, and European seabass, Dicentrarchus labrax
Authors: Úbeda-Manzanaro M. , Ortiz-Delgado J.B. , Sarasquete C.
Published: May 2016

Multiple genes and transcription factors are involved in regulation and control of the complex process of sex determination and differentiation of fish species. Also more, several hormonal factors and some environmental conditions can also be adequate spawning strategies and stimuli for inducing reproduction of fish species. Brdt gene belongs to the bromodomain-extraterminal domain (BET) family of transcriptional coregulators. In mammals, Brdt gene is almost exclusively expressed in testis. Furthermore, Brdt protein is involved in elongating spermatids, and is required for proper spermatogenesis and male fertility. However, from our understanding of fish species, the role of this gene as key, during gametogenesis, still remains unknown. In this study, two Brdt mRNA transcripts were isolated from two teleostean fish species, gilthead seabream and European seabass. In both species the shorter form lacked a functional C-terminal domain, which may involve a different function as transcriptional regulator. The pattern of Brdt expression showed that the highest levels occurred in the gonads. Significantly lower levels of expression were detected in brain, pituitary and different organ systems (heart, kidney, gills, among other somatic tissues) from both studied species. In situ hybridization approach evidenced that Brdt mRNA expression was restricted to specific cell-types of the germ line, during both oogenesis and spermatogenesis processes.
Convolution Powers of Salem Measures With Applications
Authors: Chen Xianghong , Seeger Andreas
Published: May 2016

We study the regularity of convolution powers for measures supported on Salemsets, and prove related results on Fourier restriction and Fourier multipliers. In particular we show that for α of the form d/n, n = 2, 3, … there exist α-Salem measures for which the L2Fourier restriction theorem holds in the range. The results rely on ideas of Körner. We extend some of his constructions to obtain upper regular α-Salem measures, with sharp regularity results forn-fold convolutions for all n ∈ ℕ.
Facilitating Institutional Oversight and Program Improvement Through Educational Competency Committees
Authors: Andolsek Kathryn M. , Fortune Rhea F. , Nagler Alisa , Stancil Chrystal , Kuhn Catherine , McNeill Diana
Published: May 2016

The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) requires programs to engage annually in program evaluation and improvement.Background

 We assessed the value of creating educational competency committees (ECCs) that use successful elements of 2 established processes—institutional special reviews and institutional oversight of annual program evaluations.Objective

 The ECCs used a template to review programs' annual program evaluations. Results were aggregated into an institutional dashboard. We calculated the costs, sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value by comparing programs required to have a special review with those that had ACGME citations, requests for a progress report, or a data-prompted site visit. We assessed the value for professional development through a participant survey.Methods

 Thirty-two ECCs involving more than 100 individuals reviewed 237 annual program evaluations over a 3-year period. The ECCs required less time than internal reviews. The ECCs rated 2 to 8 programs (2.4%–9.8%) as “noncompliant.” One to 13 programs (1.2%–14.6%) had opportunities for improvement identified. Institutional improvements were recognized using the dashboard. Zero to 13 programs (0%–16%) were required to have special reviews. The sensitivity of the decision to have a special review was 83% to 100%; specificity was 89% to 93%; and negative predictive value was 99% to 100%. The total cost was $280 per program. Of the ECC members, 86% to 95% reported their participation enhanced their professional development, and 60% to 95% believed the ECC benefited their program.Results

 Educational competency committees facilitated the identification of institution-wide needs, highlighted innovation and best practices, and enhanced professional development. The cost, sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value indicated good value.Conclusions
The Effect of Paging Reminders on Fellowship Conference Attendance: A Multi-Program Randomized Crossover Study
Authors: Smith Joshua , Zaffiri Lorenzo , Clary Julie , Davis Tyler , Bosslet Gabriel T.
Published: May 2016

Educational conferences have long served as a foundation of medical education. Sending reminder text pages prior to the start of conferences is a method that may be employed to enhance conference attendance.Background

 The goal of our study was to determine if routine text paging before regularly scheduled conferences improves attendance among fellows in 3 internal medicine programs.Objective

 A prospective, randomized, crossover study included 3 fellowship programs: pulmonary and critical care, cardiovascular disease, and hematology-oncology. The study was performed between October 2014 and March 2015. All fellows were included and randomized to 1 of 2 groups (with subsequent crossover to opposite group): Pages or No Pages. Paging reminders, which included conference title, location, and time, were sent 30 minutes prior to every conference for those in the intervention arm. Attendance was collected through a standard attendance log using self-registration.Methods

 A total of 46 fellows and 156 conferences were included for analysis, with 75 during the first 3 months and 81 during the second 3 months. There were no differences in individual overall attendance between randomized groups for the entire study period (42.9% versus 46.5%, P = .46). Paging reminders had no effect on overall individual attendance (43.7% versus 45.6%, P = .50). In addition, no significant differences were identified for individuals within each fellowship and training year.Results

 Paging reminders prior to a regularly scheduled conference had no effect on overall attendance in this study. Fellows reported that clinical obligations were a major barrier to conference attendance.Conclusions
Arquivo na Arte Contemporânea
Authors: Arantes Priscila
Published: May 2016

A partir de considerações a respeito da crise da história e da história da arte, Arquivo na Arte Contemporânea discute a forma com que o arquivo é trabalhado pelos artistas. Artistas que trabalham com material de arquivo, que criam arquivos fictícios, que problematizam a questão do arquivamento e que desenvolvem projetos a partir de uma modalidade arquival, são algumas das propostas discutidas no presente ensaio.Palavras-chave: Arquivo, arte contemporânea, história da arte
De rekrutering en selectie van kandidaat-gemeenteraadsleden
Authors: Grimberg Maurits , Vollaard Hans
Published: May 2016

The recruitment and selection of candidate councillors

The recruitment and selection of candidate (municipal) councillors by political parties at the local level is an underexposed area of research. This is noteworthy because of the explicit worries about the lack of suitable candidates and about the underrepresentation of certain groups in society. These kinds of nomination problems may also arise from the manner in which parties recruit and which requirements they have for potential candidates. Therefore this article explores recruitment and selection processes at the local level in order to be able to designate possible causes of these nomination problems. The exploratory research involves case studies of the selectors, candidates and the nomination procedure of seven political parties that took part in the municipal elections of 2014 in a typical, average Dutch municipality in the west of the Netherlands: Voorschoten (25,000 inhabitants). The local party elite mainly recruited party members and some non-party members from their own networks, such as local associations. Thus groups in society that are not part of these networks, are less likely to appear in the picture. Active party membership and the willingness to invest a lot of time in their council work appeared to be the highest appreciated characteristics of the ideal councillor according to interviews with the local party elite and a survey amongst the candidate councillors. With a declining number of party members and other ways to spend their time, it is becoming increasingly difficult to recruit non-pensioners as candidates.
Hoe groter, hoe beter? Kleinschaligheid en publieke voorzieningen in microstaten
Authors: van Houwelingen Pepijn , Veenendaal Wouter
Published: May 2016

The bigger, the better? Small scale and public services in microstates

Politicians and scientists in the Netherlands often claim that only municipalities with over 100,000 inhabitants (so called ‘100,000+ municipalities’) have enough administrative power to be able to carry out their tasks in the future well. This is also the case for the responsibilities that recently have handed over to the Dutch municipalities as part of the three decentralizations. Against the background of this debate, the authors of this essay argue that the experiences of the four European microstates – Andorra, Liechtenstein, Monaco and San Marino –may offer an interesting frame of reference where it concerns the delivery of public services. These four countries have all the responsibilities and tasks of a sovereign state, but at the same time three of the four countries have a population of fewer than 40,000 inhabitants. Also, the fourth country is smaller than a 100,000+ municipality. Despite the small size of these states, their public services are of an exceptionally high level. Therefore this essay tries to answer two questions: How is this possible? What can we learn from the experiences of these microstates about the debate on scale and administrative power in the Netherlands?
Keten- en netwerksamenwerking in het veiligheidsdomein
Authors: Dijkstra Jelle , Jacobs Marc
Published: May 2016

Chain and network cooperation in the safety domain

In the safety domain important developments are currently taking place concerning the way in which administrative and tactical operations are dealt with in crises. It is characteristic for the approach that cooperation in chains and networks is increasingly needed to arrive at a suitable approach. In this essay, the authors analyse two subdomains in two concrete cases on how cooperation between several parties takes shape and functions. For that purpose, they differentiate between acute and non-acute crises. In the subdomain ‘acute crises’, they have chosen the case of the Dutch town Moerdijk (the fire at the Chemie-Pack company in 2011). In the subdomain of non-acute crises, they focus on community safety partnerships (‘Veiligheidshuizen’), especially on the community safety partnership in the Dutch province of Friesland (‘Veiligheidshuis Friesland’). In both subdomains the establishment of a good basic cooperation and leadership structure appears to be of prime importance. From there it is necessary to respond in a flexible manner (to be able to execute custom-made work). Within that framework, the capacity may develop to arrange a well-structured and effective cooperation at the operational level (ad hoc in acute crises), to monitor progress properly and to carry out targeted interventions if the developments in the situation ask for these interventions. A good knowledge of each other’s frame of reference is necessary to make this work, so that a maximum level of integration in the approach is achieved.
Gone fishing? Grenzen aan de toelaatbaarheid van ‘toevallig’ tijdens een inspectie verkregen bewijs in Deutsche Bahn
Authors: van Bockel B.
Published: May 2016

Gone fishing? Grenzen aan de toelaatbaarheid van ‘toevallig’ tijdens een inspectie verkregen bewijs in Deutsche Bahn

In het arrest Deutsche Bahn verduidelijkte het Hof van Justitie waar enkele grenzen liggen voor wat betreft de toelaatbaarheid van informatie die ‘toevallig’ door Commissieambtenaren wordt verkregen tijdens een inspectie. Het Hof van Justitie bepaalde eerder, in het arrest Dow Benelux, dat toevallig gevonden aanwijzingen van andere overtredingen dan die welke in de inspectiebeschikking zijn opgenomen, aanleiding mogen vormen voor verder onderzoek. In Deutsche Bahn werd geoordeeld dat de betrokken Commissieambtenaren echter niet gericht mogen zoeken naar informatie die niet ziet op de overtreding zoals omschreven in de inspectiebeschikking.

HvJ 18 juni 2015, zaak C-583/13 P, Deutsche Bahn e.a./Commissie, ECLI:EU:C:2015:404
Unitrading Revisited. Oncontroleerbaar bewijs tussen eerlijk proces en doeltreffendheid
Authors: Widdershoven R.J.G.M.
Published: May 2016

Unitrading Revisited. Oncontroleerbaar bewijs tussen eerlijk proces en doeltreffendheid

Eind 2015 wees de Hoge Raad arrest in de zaak Unitrading. In lijn met de uitspraak van het Hof van Justitie in die zaak beoordeelt de Hoge Raad de toelaatbaarheid als bewijs van de voor partijen en rechter oncontroleerbare onderzoeksresultaten van een Amerikaans laboratorium niet in het licht van artikel 47 Handvest, maar op basis van het nationale bewijsrecht en het Unierechtelijke beginsel van doeltreffendheid. Deze beoordeling leidt tot vernietiging van de bestreden uitspraak van het Gerechtshof Amsterdam, omdat het gerechtshof onvoldoende heeft gemotiveerd waarom het de bevindingen van het Amerikaans laboratorium betrouwbaar heeft geacht. In deze bijdrage wordt ingegaan op de uitspraak van het Hof van Justitie in Unitrading en het arrest van de Hoge Raad, en wordt de problematiek van toelaatbaarheid van oncontroleerbaar bewijs in een breder kader geplaatst. Is dat een kwestie van doeltreffendheid van het Unierecht of toch van een eerlijk proces?

HR 4 december 2015, 12/02876, AB 2016/112, m.nt. Y.E. Schuurmans, ECLI:NL:HR:2015:3467 (Unitrading Ltd./Staatssecretaris van Financiën).
De ‘nieuwe generatie’ Associatieovereenkomst tussen de EU en Oekraïne en zijn constitutionele context
Authors: Idriz N.F. , Senden L.A.J.
Published: May 2016

De ‘nieuwe generatie’ Associatieovereenkomst tussen de EU en Oekraïne en zijn constitutionele context

In deze bijdrage worden de bredere context, doelstelling en inhoud van de Associatieovereenkomst tussen de EU en Oekraïne (hierna: AO) geschetst, en wat deze bijzonder maakt ten opzichte van andere associatieovereenkomsten. In het bijzonder gaan we ook in op die juridische aspecten die democratische controle via een referendum bemoeilijken. Daarbij besteden we specifiek aandacht aan de constitutionele perikelen die ontstaan voor de Nederlandse regering alsook voor de EU, ingeval een meerderheid zich tegen de goedkeuringswet uitspreekt en het Nederlandse parlement vervolgens zou besluiten de goedkeuringswet in te trekken.

PbEU 2014, L 161/3
Europese gegevensbescherming: van richtlijn naar verordening
Authors: van Schelven I.P.V. , van Schelven P.C.
Published: May 2016

Europese gegevensbescherming: van richtlijn naar verordening

De Algemene Verordening Gegevensbescherming voorziet in een integraal nieuw stelsel van Europese rechtsregels inzake de verwerking en bescherming van persoonsgegevens. Ter versterking van de dataprotectie introduceert de verordening tal van nieuwe verplichtingen voor bedrijven en organisaties. De handhaving binnen de Europese Unie is meer geüniformeerd en het regime van sancties is aanzienlijk verzwaard. Dit artikel geeft een beknopt overzicht van de belangrijkste vernieuwingen.
First record of Hesperomyces virescens (Laboulbeniales, Ascomycota) on Harmonia axyridis (Coccinellidae, Coleoptera) in Poland
Authors: Gorczak Michał , Tischer Marta , Pawłowska Julia , Wrzosek Marta
Published: May 2016

Hesperomyces virescens Thaxt. is a fungal parasite of coccinellid beetles. One of its hosts is the invasive harlequin ladybird Harmonia axyridis (Pallas). We present the first records of this combination from Poland.
Geometry and the Design of Product Packaging
Authors: Cherico Cindy M.
Published: May 2016

Simulating a real-world marketing situation, students examine the mathematical calculations that play an integral part in product design.
Delving Deeper: Teaching the Unthinkable in Introductory Statistics
Authors: Gratzer William
Published: May 2016

Most teachers have encountered students who are able to successfully carry out statistical computations but lack a conceptual understanding of the subject. The introduction of technology seems to have had little corrective effect on this problem. This article suggests that the introduction of some modern computer intensive techniques not usually found in introductory courses may redirect students' focus from computational success to conceptual understanding.
Informing Practice: The Process of Abstracting in Students' Representations
Authors: Stylianou Despina A.
Published: May 2016

Representation lies at the heart of doing mathematics. It is the activity of creating and using mathematical symbols, signs, and diagrams. NCTM (2000) advocates that students be fluent users of representations and that instruction should support students in learning to navigate mathematical concepts and problem solving through the use of a variety of representations.
Lining Up Arithmetic Sequences
Authors: Bell Carol J.
Published: May 2016

Ask your students to analyze geometric representations of arithmetic sequences for a meaningful problem-solving experience.
Representations and Rafts
Authors: Hartweg Kimberly Sipes
Published: May 2016

Building a rod raft allows students to make mathematical connections among a model, a table, a formula, and a graph.
Math for Real: Hurricane Force Math
Authors: Yow Jan A.
Published: May 2016

Hurricane season lasts from May 15 to November 30. Hurricanes such as Earl (2010) leave behind little destruction; others, like Katrina (2005), are very destructive. To predict the strength of a hurricane, researchers gather data, such as wind speed (in knots, kt) and pressure (in millibars, mb), and use mathematics to interpret these data
Take a Bite out of Fraction Division
Authors: Cengiz Nesrin , Rathouz Margaret
Published: May 2016

When it comes to fractions, students often understand just part of the story. Assign some meaningful problems to help them see the whole picture.
Mathematical Explorations: Modular Origami: Moving beyond Cubes
Authors: Miles Victoria L.
Published: May 2016

This article details an modular origami lesson rich in mathematical content. Students will build a model of a stellated octahedron and will investigate the surface area of the model using measurement and algebra standards.
How Long Can You Stand on One Foot?
Authors: Polly Drew
Published: May 2016

How Long Can You Stand on One Foot? is a classic problem that has variations in a range of mathematics and physical education curricula. This problem allows students to go through the statistical investigation PCAI process (posing a question, collecting data, analyzing data, and then interpreting data).
The Math Wizard in Oz
Authors: Christy Donna , Lambe Karen , Payson Christine , Carnevale Patricia
Published: May 2016

Standards-based, hands-on activities spotlight the classic story.
Valuing Culture in the Global City
Authors: Holden John
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT: Culture encompasses three highly inter-related spheres of publicly funded culture, commercial culture and home-made culture. Cultural policy-making therefore needs to address many issues beyond traditional concerns.Keywords: culture, creative industries, cities, cultural value.-RESUM: La cultura presenta tres formes estretament interrelacionades: la cultura amb finançament públic, la cultura comercial i la cultura casolana. Per tant, les polítiques culturals han de tractar molts aspectes a banda dels tradicionals.Paraules clau: cultura, indústries creatives, ciutats, valor cultural.-RESUMEN: La cultura engloba tres ámbitos estrechamente interrelacionados: la cultura con financiación pública, la cultura comercial y la cultura hecha en casa. Por lo tanto, las políticas culturales deben tratar muchos aspectos más allá de los tradicionales.Palabras clave: cultura, industrias creativas, ciudades, valor cultural.
100 días, 100 años. La irrupción de PODEMOS en la crisis del Régimen político español.
Authors: Castañón Ares César
Published: May 2016

El resultado de Podemos en las Elecciones Europeas de 2014 superó las expectativas de todas las encuestas previas. En el presente artículo analizamos la breve historia de este movimiento político desde su gestación, las hipótesis de partida de sus promotores, y las claves que han hecho posible ese resultado.
An ancient yet flexible cis-regulatory architecture allows localized Hedgehog tuning by patched/Ptch1
Authors: Lorberbaum David S , Ramos Andrea I , Peterson Kevin A , Carpenter Brandon S , Parker David S , De Sandip , Hillers Lauren E , Blake Victoria M , Nishi Yuichi , McFarlane Matthew R , Chiang Ason CY , Kassis Judith A , Allen Benjamin L , McMahon Andrew P , Barolo Scott
Published: May 2016

The Hedgehog signaling pathway is part of the ancient developmental-evolutionary animal toolkit. Frequently co-opted to pattern new structures, the pathway is conserved among eumetazoans yet flexible and pleiotropic in its effects. The Hedgehog receptor, Patched, is transcriptionally activated by Hedgehog, providing essential negative feedback in all tissues. Our locus-wide dissections of the cis-regulatory landscapes of fly patched and mouse Ptch1 reveal abundant, diverse enhancers with stage- and tissue-specific expression patterns. The seemingly simple, constitutive Hedgehog response of patched/Ptch1 is driven by a complex regulatory architecture, with batteries of context-specific enhancers engaged in promoter-specific interactions to tune signaling individually in each tissue, without disturbing patterning elsewhere. This structure—one of the oldest cis-regulatory features discovered in animal genomes—explains how patched/Ptch1 can drive dramatic adaptations in animal morphology while maintaining its essential core function. It may also suggest a general model for the evolutionary flexibility of conserved regulators and pathways.
Lip movements entrain the observers’ low-frequency brain oscillations to facilitate speech intelligibility
Authors: Park Hyojin , Kayser Christoph , Thut Gregor , Gross Joachim
Published: May 2016

During continuous speech, lip movements provide visual temporal signals that facilitate speech processing. Here, using MEG we directly investigated how these visual signals interact with rhythmic brain activity in participants listening to and seeing the speaker. First, we investigated coherence between oscillatory brain activity and speaker’s lip movements and demonstrated significant entrainment in visual cortex. We then used partial coherence to remove contributions of the coherent auditory speech signal from the lip-brain coherence. Comparing this synchronization between different attention conditions revealed that attending visual speech enhances the coherence between activity in visual cortex and the speaker’s lips. Further, we identified a significant partial coherence between left motor cortex and lip movements and this partial coherence directly predicted comprehension accuracy. Our results emphasize the importance of visually entrained and attention-modulated rhythmic brain activity for the enhancement of audiovisual speech processing.
Set7 mediated Gli3 methylation plays a positive role in the activation of Sonic Hedgehog pathway in mammals
Authors: Fu Lin , Wu Hailong , Cheng Steven Y , Gao Daming , Zhang Lei , Zhao Yun
Published: May 2016

Hedgehog signaling plays very important roles in development and cancers. Vertebrates have three transcriptional factors, Gli1, Gli2 and Gli3. Among them, Gli3 is a very special transcriptional factor which closely resembles Cubitus interruptus (Ci, in Drosophila) structurally and functionally as a ‘double agent’ for Shh target gene expression. Here we show that Gli3 full-length, but not the truncated form, can be methylated at K436 and K595. This methylation is specifically catalyzed by Set7, a lysine methyltransferase (KMT). Methylation at K436 and K595 respectively increases the stability and DNA binding ability of Gli3, resulting in an enhancement of Shh signaling activation. Furthermore, functional experiments indicate that the Gli3 methylation contributes to the tumor growth and metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, we propose that Set7 mediated methylation is a novel PTM of Gli3, which positively regulates the transactivity of Gli3 and the activation of Shh signaling.
Fear of eyes: triadic relation among social anxiety, trypophobia, and discomfort for eye cluster
Authors: Chaya Kengo , Xue Yuting , Uto Yusuke , Yao Qirui , Yamada Yuki
Published: May 2016

Imagine you are being gazed at by multiple individuals simultaneously. Is the provoked anxiety a learned social-specific response or related to a pathological disorder known as trypophobia? A previous study revealed that spectral properties of images induced aversive reactions in observers with trypophobia. However, it is not clear whether individual differences such as social anxiety traits are related to the discomfort associated with trypophobic images. To investigate this issue, we conducted two experiments with social anxiety and trypophobia and images of eyes and faces. In Experiment 1, participants completed a social anxiety scale and trypophobia questionnaire before evaluation of the discomfort experienced upon exposure to pictures of eye. The results showed that social anxiety had a significant indirect effect on the discomfort associated with the eye clusters, and that the effect was mediated by trypophobia. Experiment 2 replicated Experiment 1 using images of human face. The results showed that, as in Experiment 1, a significant mediation effect of trypophobia was obtained, although the relationship between social anxiety and the discomfort rating was stronger than in Experiment 1. Our findings suggest that both social anxiety and trypophobia contribute to the induction of discomfort when one is gazed at by many people.
Genetic structure of the crown-of-thorns seastar in the Pacific Ocean, with focus on Guam
Authors: Tusso Sergio , Morcinek Kerstin , Vogler Catherine , Schupp Peter J. , Caballes Ciemon F. , Vargas Sergio , Wörheide Gert
Published: May 2016

Population outbreaks of the corallivorous crown-of-thorns seastar (COTS),Acanthaster ‘planci’ L., are among the most important biological disturbances of tropical coral reefs. Over the past 50 years, several devastating outbreaks have been documented around Guam, an island in the western Pacific Ocean. Previous analyses have shown that in the Pacific Ocean, COTS larval dispersal may be geographically restricted to certain regions. Here, we assess the genetic structure of Pacific COTS populations and compared samples from around Guam with a number of distant localities in the Pacific Ocean, and focused on determining the degree of genetic structure among populations previously considered to be isolated. Using microsatellites, we document substantial genetic structure between 14 localities from different geographical regions in the Pacific Ocean. Populations from the 14 locations sampled were found to be structured in three significantly differentiated groups: (1) all locations immediately around Guam, as well as Kingman Reef and Swains Island; (2) Japan, Philippines, GBR and Vanuatu; and (3) Johnston Atoll, which was significantly different from all other localities. The lack of genetic differentiation between Guam and extremely distant populations from Kingman Reef and Swains Island suggests potential long-distance dispersal of COTS in the Pacific.
High incidence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes among ciprofloxacin-resistant clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae at a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry, India
Authors: Yugendran Thiyagarajan , Harish Belgode Narasimha
Published: May 2016

Background.Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) has received considerable attention recently. Data analysis in Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER) revealed 75% of the Enterobacteriaceae isolates to be ciprofloxacin-resistant in 2012. Few reports regarding the prevalence of PMQR are available from India. Hence, the present study was carried out to ascertain the prevalence of PMQR genes among clinical isolates of ciprofloxacin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in JIPMER.

Methods.The study included 642 ciprofloxacin-resistant clinical Enterobacteriaceae isolates. JIPMER hospital’s annual consumption data for fluoroquinolones were retrieved from the Department of Pharmacy. The test isolates were screened for the presence ofqnr A,B,D,Sandaac(6′)-Ib-crgenes. PMQR-positive isolates alone were tested for the presence of class I (intI1) and class II (intI2) integrons. Randomly selected PCR amplicons were sequenced and analysed using MEGA software. A total of 30 PMQR strains chosen at random were assessed for the transferability of the PMQR genes.

Results.A majority of the strains exhibited high MIC values with 106 strains exhibiting MIC values >256 µg/mL. Theaac(6′)-Ib-crgene had the highest prevalence at 64% (414) while,qnrBandqnrSgenes were present in 15% (97) and 10% (64) of the isolates respectively. None of the strains were positive forqnrAandqnrD. All PMQR-positive isolates were screened for class I (intI1) and class II (intI2) integrons. Class I integron was found to be predominant among the test isolates with a few of them carrying both the classes of integrons. Transferability of PMQR genes to transconjugants was identified.

Conclusion.The incidence of PMQR genes in the tertiary-care setup of the JIPMER hospital was found to be high which could be probably due to the increased prescription of fluoroquinolones. Thus, there is a need for rational usage of fluoroquinolones.