bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Secured Sharing of Personal Health Records in Cloud with Optimised Signcryption: Improved Shark Smell Optimisation for Key Generation
Authors: Sukte Chudaman Devidasrao , Mark Emmanuel , Deshmukh Ratnadeep R.
Published: October 2024

Recently, personal health records (PHR) have been found to come into view as a patient-centric approach for exchanging health data. With the use of a PHR service, a physician may create, access and maintain all of their personal health information online in one convenient location. Additionally, it has greatly improved the efficient exchange, retrieval and storage of patient data. Each patient is also promised total ownership over their medical records and the option to share their data with a wider range of clients together with friends, family members or healthcare providers. Owing to the higher price of maintaining and building specific data centres, numerous PHR services were contracted out to third-party service providers. Therefore, this work is concerned with carrying out the secured sharing of PHR by inducing the signcryption model with an optimisation concept. In the signcryption model, the digital signature encryption is done using an improved AES approach. Further, the key generation is carried out using a self-customised shark smell algorithm (SC-SSA) algorithm. Finally, the evaluation is done to verify the improvement of the system that was used.
Analysis of Bioheat Transfer with Thermoelastic Effect
Authors: Liu Kuo-Chi , Tu Fong-Jou
Published: October 2024

The development of thermal therapy always requires more reasonable temperature distribution predictions. Controlling the amount of heating is a common practice within general thermal therapy operations. This paper used a modified three-phase lag (TPL) bioheat transfer equation to describe the behavior of heat conduction in tissue with thermoelastic effect. To explore the effect of thermal load, the tissue was subjected to a constant surface temperature and a pulsed surface heat flux, respectively. The modified TPL bioheat transfer equation involves mixed derivative terms and higher-order time derivatives of temperature. In analyzing such problems, there are mathematical difficulties. Therefore, the hybrid numerical scheme based on the Laplace transform and an improved discrete method was proposed to solve the present problem. The influence of thermoelastic parameters on the behavior of heat transfer in tissue has been investigated. The results depict the effect of thermal load on thermal response within heat transfer medium is obvious. The thermoelastic effect excites the thermal response oscillation, which is intensified for the reduction of material constant characteristic [Formula: see text] and phase lag [Formula: see text], in the heat conduction medium.
Pair mean cordial labeling of udukkai, octopus, drum and fire cracker graphs
Authors: Ponraj R. , Prabhu S.
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we investigate the pair mean cordial labeling behavior of udukkai graph, octopus graph, double wheel graph, barbell graph, drum graph, vanessa graph and fire cracker graph.
Bounds on the edge version of the Nirmala index
Authors: Movahedi F. , Akhbari M. H.
Published: October 2024

The edge version of the Nirmala index is defined in terms of edge degrees as [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] denotes the degree of the edge [Formula: see text] in graph [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] means that the edges [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are adjacent. In this paper, we obtain some sharp bounds for the edge version of the Nirmala index in terms of the edge version of topological indices. Also, we give the extremal unicyclic graphs of order [Formula: see text] with the minimum edge version of the Nirmala index.
Wiener and Harary index of the zero-divisor graph of ℤn
Authors: Mahale Ravindra P. , Pawar Kishor F. , Patil Avinash A.
Published: October 2024

The zero-divisor graph of a ring [Formula: see text] is a graph whose vertex set consists of all the elements of [Formula: see text] and distinct vertices [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are adjacent if and only if [Formula: see text]. We study the zero-divisor graph [Formula: see text], for [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are distinct primes. Topological indices such as Wiener and Harary indices of [Formula: see text] are determined.
Observer-Based Event-Triggered Fuzzy Control for Switched Multi-Agent Systems with State Constraints and Sensor Faults
Authors: Duan Zhen , Yu Hui
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we consider the output feedback event-triggered tracking control problem for a class of switched nonlinear multi-agent systems (MASs) with sensor faults and state constraints. For unknown nonlinear functions in the system, fuzzy logic systems are used to approximate them. To address sensor faults, sensor error compensation coefficients are designed to compensate for the errors caused by sensor faults. Meanwhile, state observer is designed to estimate the unmeasurable states in the system, providing necessary information for control design. Based on directed switching networks containing a directed spanning tree, an event-triggered output feedback controller is designed to enable the MAS to track the leader agent. By constructing a suitable barrier Lyapunov function, the stability of the system is analyzed, and it is proved that the consensus tracking can be achieved without violating the state constraints, the uniform boundedness of all the closed-loop system signals is ensured and the Zeno behavior can be eliminated. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified through a simulation example.
Navigation in GNSS-Denied Environment Based on Observation of RSOs and Stars
Authors: Wang Jiayu , Yang Weiping , Yang Guoliang , Tian Yu , Ding Xiaokun
Published: October 2024

Navigating in an environment, where Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals are unavailable, presents a formidable challenge. A feasible strategy involves integrating stellar observations with inertial information to realize precise navigation. Inertial/Stellar Celestial Navigation enhances position accuracy by addressing gyro drift through stellar observations. However, the position error still continues to grow over time which arises from unobservable error factors. With improved orbit determination accuracy and the resident space object (RSO) observation method, navigating using RSO observation is gaining viability. This study models the RSO navigation problem as a Perspective-n-Point (PnP) problem and proposes that observing more than 6 RSOs can yield complete solution for position and attitude. Additionally, a tightly coupled navigation algorithm integrating inertial, stellar, and RSO observations is introduced. Simulation validation under dynamic condition demonstrates the algorithm’s efficacy, achieving a position accuracy of 30[Formula: see text]m and an attitude accuracy of 5[Formula: see text]arcsec (RMS) without GNSS data.
Investigating Hypernode Classification of Complex Systems Based on High-order Graph Neural Networks
Authors: Chen Jiawen , He Yanyan , Chen Duxin , Yu Wenwu
Published: October 2024

Investigating latent interactions beyond direct connections is essential for analyzing complex networks. However, traditional graph structures often fail to capture complex relationships, especially in the high-order interactions among multiple individuals. To address this issue, we extend the graph isomorphism network (GIN) framework to hypergraphs, treat nodes as self-hyperedges, and propose the self-hypergraph isomorphism network (SHGIN). Meanwhile, the hypergraph Weisfeiler–Lehman (WL) test is also proposed to distinguish different isomorphisms of hypergraphs and improve the representation power of hypergraph neural networks. Extensive experiments on co-authorship and co-citation networks demonstrate the effectiveness of SHGIN. The results indicate that our model displays superior hypernode classification accuracy compared to traditional graph neural networks in semi-supervised learning (SSL). Furthermore, it surpasses existing hypergraph neural network models in co-authorship datasets, highlighting its effectiveness in capturing high-order relationships in complex networks.
An Emotional Dialogue System Using Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks with a Sequence-to-Sequence Transformer Encoder
Authors: Huang Wen-Chieh , Hsueh Yu-Ling
Published: October 2024

Understanding the expression of emotion and generating appropriate responses are key steps toward constructing emotional, conversational agents. In this article, we propose a framework for single-turn emotional conversation generation, and there are three main components in our model, namely, a sequence-to-sequence model with stacked encoders, a conditional variational autoencoder, and conditional generative adversarial networks. For the sequence-to-sequence model with stacked encoders, we designed a two-layer encoder by combining Transformer with gated recurrent units-based neural networks. Because of the flexibility of the sequence-to-sequence model, we adopted a conditional variational autoencoder in our framework, which uses latent variables to learn a distribution over potential responses and generates diverse responses. Furthermore, we regard a conditional variational autoencoder-based, sequence-to-sequence model as the generative model, and the training of the generative model is assisted by both a content discriminator and an emotion classifier, which assists our model in promoting content information and emotion expression. We use automated evaluation and human evaluation to evaluate our model and baselines on the NII Test Collections for IR Systems short-text conversation task Chinese emotional conversation generation Subtask dataset [
44
], and the experimental results demonstrate that our proposed framework can generate semantically reasonable and emotionally appropriate responses.
What Makes Us Human: Insights from the Evolution and Development of the Human Neocortex
Authors: Namba Takashi , Huttner Wieland B.
Published: October 2024

“What makes us human?” is a central question of many research fields, notably anthropology. In this review, we focus on the development of the human neocortex, the part of the brain with a key role in cognition, to gain neurobiological insight toward answering this question. We first discuss cortical stem and progenitor cells and human-specific genes that affect their behavior. We thus aim to understand the molecular foundation of the expansion of the neocortex that occurred in the course of human evolution, as this expansion is generally thought to provide a basis for our unique cognitive abilities. We then review the emerging evidence pointing to differences in the development of the neocortex between present-day humans and Neanderthals, our closest relatives. Finally, we discuss human-specific genes that have been implicated in neuronal circuitry and offer a perspective for future studies addressing the question of what makes us human.
The Influence of Membrane Thickness and Catalyst Loading on Performance of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Choi Yejung , Platzek Paul , Coole Jake , Buche Silvain , Fortin Patrick
Published: October 2024

This paper explores the influence of membrane thickness and catalyst loading on fuel cell performance of commercially relevant membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs). A systematic study was carried out with MEAs comprised of commercially available Pt/C electrocatalysts and reinforced PFSA membranes to better understand the practical limitations of incorporating low platinum loadings and ultra-thin membranes in commercially viable MEA designs. Three different MEA configurations were compared where membrane thickness was either 15 or 10 μm and cathode catalyst loading was either 0.4 or 0.1 mgPt cm−2. Extensive in situ electrochemical characterization was carried out to extract the relevant physical and electrochemical parameters of each MEA configuration. By changing only one variable at a time, i.e., either thickness or catalyst loading, it was possible to deconvolute the specific contributions of membrane thickness and catalyst loading on fuel cell performance. Interestingly, as membrane thickness was reduced below 15 μm, no significant changes in fuel cell performance were observed as membrane interfacial effects begin to dominate compared to bulk transport effects. Conversely, reducing catalyst layer loading from 0.4 to 0.1 mgPt cm−2 introduces significant polarization losses attributed to a combination of kinetic and mass transport effects.
Effect of HEDTA on the Adsorption of 2,2 Bipyridyl and 3-Mercaptobenzothiazole and Electroless Cu Deposition Rate
Authors: Lindsay Gavin S. , Zarwell Sebastian , Bernhard Tobias , Gregoriades Laurence , Rohde Dirk , Gewirth Andrew A.
Published: October 2024

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and chronoamperometry were utilized to evaluate the electroless deposition of Cu in hydroxyethylethylelenediaminetriacetic acid (HEDTA)- and tartrate-based baths containing 2,2′-bipyridyl (BP) and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT). The Cu deposition rate was shown to be faster in tartrate baths, with rates at 0.08 μm min−1 without MBT or BP but decreased to near zero with concentrations approaching 6 μM of either MBT or BP. HEDTA baths displayed a slower rate of 0.04 μm min−1 without MBT or BP. However, the addition of MBT increased the rate up to 4-fold, while BP concentration did not affect the deposition rate. SERS data showed that HEDTA adsorbs to the surface while tartrate does not. Kinetic Langmuir isotherm model fits showed a decrease in MBT and BP adsorption rate in the presence of HEDTA and showed a decrease in HEDTA adsorption upon MBT injection while BP injection did not affect the HEDTA adsorption. Competition between the complexing and the stabilizing agent is a key factor for the rate of electroless Cu deposition.
Supplementary Information from Prostate Cancer Risk Stratification via Nondestructive 3D Pathology with Deep Learning–Assisted Gland Analysis
Authors: Xie Weisi , Reder Nicholas P. , Koyuncu Can , Leo Patrick , Hawley Sarah , Huang Hongyi , Mao Chenyi , Postupna Nadia , Kang Soyoung , Serafin Robert , Gao Gan , Han Qinghua , Bishop Kevin W. , Barner Lindsey A. , Fu Pingfu , Wright Jonathan L. , Keene C. Dirk , Vaughan Joshua C. , Janowczyk Andrew , Glaser Adam K. , Madabhushi Anant , True Lawrence D. , Liu Jonathan T.C.
Published: October 2024

Supplementary methods, notes, figures, tables, video captions, and references
Supplementary Data from Temozolomide Sensitizes ARID1A-Mutated Cancers to PARP Inhibitors
Authors: Yu Zheng-Cheng , Li Tianhe , Tully Ellen , Huang Peng , Chen Chih-Ning , Oberdoerffer Philipp , Gaillard Stephanie , Shih Ie-Ming , Wang Tian-Li
Published: October 2024

Supplementary Figures
Supplementary Data from Syk Inhibition Reprograms Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Overcomes Gemcitabine-Induced Immunosuppression in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Rohila Deepak , Park In Hwan , Pham Timothy V. , Weitz Jonathan , Hurtado de Mendoza Tatiana , Madheswaran Suresh , Ishfaq Mehreen , Beaman Cooper , Tapia Elisabette , Sun Siming , Patel Jay , Tamayo Pablo , Lowy Andrew M. , Joshi Shweta
Published: October 2024

Supplementary table
Resistance Management for Cancer: Lessons from Farmers
Authors: Seyedi Sareh , Harris Valerie K. , Kapsetaki Stefania E. , Narayanan Shrinath , Saha Daniel , Compton Zachary , Yousefi Rezvan , May Alexander , Fakir Efe , Boddy Amy M. , Gerlinger Marco , Wu Christina , Mina Lida , Huijben Silvie , Gouge Dawn H. , Cisneros Luis , Ellsworth Peter C. , Maley Carlo C.
Published: October 2024

One of the main reasons we have not been able to cure cancers is that treatments select for drug-resistant cells. Pest managers face similar challenges with pesticides selecting for pesticide-resistant insects, resulting in similar mechanisms of resistance. Pest managers have developed 10 principles that could be translated to controlling cancers: (i) prevent onset, (ii) monitor continuously, (iii) identify thresholds below which there will be no intervention, (iv) change interventions in response to burden, (v) preferentially select nonchemical control methods, (vi) use target-specific drugs, (vii) use the lowest effective dose, (viii) reduce cross-resistance, (ix) evaluate success based on long-term management, and (x) forecast growth and response. These principles are general to all cancers and cancer drugs and so could be employed broadly to improve oncology. Here, we review the parallel difficulties in controlling drug resistance in pests and cancer cells. We show how the principles of resistance management in pests might be applied to cancer. Integrated pest management inspired the development of adaptive therapy in oncology to increase progression-free survival and quality of life in patients with cancers where cures are unlikely. These pest management principles have the potential to inform clinical trial design.
Supplementary Table 1 from Patient Characteristics Associated with Intended Nonguideline Chemotherapy in Women with Stage I to IIIA Breast Cancer
Authors: Bhimani Jenna , O’Connell Kelli , Persaud Sonia , Blinder Victoria , Burganowski-Doud Rachael P. , Ergas Isaac J. , Gallagher Grace B. , Griggs Jennifer J. , Heon Narre , Kolevska Tatjana , Kotsurovskyy Yuriy , Kroenke Candyce H. , Laurent Cecile. A. , Liu Raymond , Nakata Kanichi G. , Rivera Donna R. , Roh Janise M. , Tabatabai Sara , Valice Emily , Bandera Elisa V. , Aiello Bowles Erin J. , Kushi Lawrence H. , Kantor Elizabeth D.
Published: October 2024

Supplementary Table 1. Association between patient factors and guideline chemotherapy administered outside of period in which regimens were included in the guidelines
Supplementary Table 3 from Blood Leukocyte DNA Methylation Markers of Periodontal Disease and Risk of Lung Cancer in a Case–Control Study Nested in the CLUE II Cohort
Authors: Mulvaney Rachel , Pan Yongyi , Zhao Naisi , Teles Flavia , Lu Jiayun , Platz Elizabeth A. , Kelsey Karl T. , Michaud Dominique S.
Published: October 2024

Table S3 shows associations between CpGs selected and risk of lung cancer excluding cases diagnosed in the first 2 years of follow-up in the CLUE study
Supplementary Table S2 from Neighborhood Disadvantage and Prostate Tumor Aggressiveness among African American and European American Men
Authors: Boyle Joseph , Yau Jessica , Slade Jimmie L. , Butts Derrick A. , Wimbush Jessica , Park Jong Y. , Hussain Arif , Onukwugha Eberechukwu , Knott Cheryl L. , Wheeler David C. , Barry Kathryn Hughes
Published: October 2024

Supplementary Table S2: Summary of sensitivity analyses for models by neighborhood metric.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Neighborhood Disadvantage and Prostate Tumor Aggressiveness among African American and European American Men
Authors: Boyle Joseph , Yau Jessica , Slade Jimmie L. , Butts Derrick A. , Wimbush Jessica , Park Jong Y. , Hussain Arif , Onukwugha Eberechukwu , Knott Cheryl L. , Wheeler David C. , Barry Kathryn Hughes
Published: October 2024

Supplementary Figure S1: Values of the Area Deprivation Index (ADI) for participants with residential addresses in Maryland.
Supplementary Table 5 from Association between Long-term Energy Balance–Related Factors and Survival in Colorectal Cancer Overall and by Metabolic Warburg-Subtypes
Authors: Offermans Kelly , Jenniskens Josien C.A. , Simons Colinda C.J.M. , Samarska Iryna , Fazzi Gregorio E. , Smits Kim M. , Schouten Leo J. , Weijenberg Matty P. , Grabsch Heike I. , van den Brandt Piet A.
Published: October 2024

Supplementary Table 5 – Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for associations between Warburg-subtypes and CRC-specific survival of colorectal cancer patients within the Netherlands Cohort Study (NLCS, 1986-2006) within subgroups based on long-term energy balance-related factors. Patients diagnosed within 5 years after baseline were excluded from analyses.
Supplementary Table 2 from Association between Long-term Energy Balance–Related Factors and Survival in Colorectal Cancer Overall and by Metabolic Warburg-Subtypes
Authors: Offermans Kelly , Jenniskens Josien C.A. , Simons Colinda C.J.M. , Samarska Iryna , Fazzi Gregorio E. , Smits Kim M. , Schouten Leo J. , Weijenberg Matty P. , Grabsch Heike I. , van den Brandt Piet A.
Published: October 2024

Supplementary Table 2 – Univariable hazard ratios for associations between long-term energy balance-related factors and CRC-specific survival of colorectal cancer patients within the Netherlands Cohort Study (NLCS, 1986-2006), according to Warburg-subtype.
Table 3 from Sociodemographic Disparities in HER2+ Breast Cancer Trastuzumab Receipt: An English Population-Based Study
Authors: Norris Ruth P. , Dew Rosie , Greystoke Alastair , Cresti Nicola , Cain Henry , Todd Adam , Sharp Linda
Published: October 2024

Metastatic disease: likelihood (OR with 95% CI and P values from logistic regression) of receiving trastuzumab by deprivation and adjusted for age, ethnicity, rural/urban residence, government region, grade, whether received surgery, ER status, comorbidities, whether discussed at MDT meeting, and diagnosis year for women with stage IV HER2+ breast cancer diagnosed between January 01, 2012 and December 31, 2017 (n = 2,369).
Data from Breast, Colorectal, and Prostate Cancer Incidence among Filipino Americans by Generational Status in the Multiethnic Cohort Study
Authors: Abe Janine V. , Legaspi Justin , Guillermo Cherie , Bogumil David , Setiawan Veronica Wendy , Le Marchand Loïc , Hernandez Brenda Y. , Wilkens Lynne R. , Maskarinec Gertraud
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground:
Filipino Americans constitute 12% and 4% of the respective populations of Hawaii and California, with a large proportion of immigrants experiencing increasing cancer rates. This study investigated the incidence of colorectal, breast, and prostate cancers by generational status in the Multiethnic Cohort.
Methods:
We analyzed 10,495 Filipino Multiethnic Cohort first-, second-, and third-generation participants, in which 26.8% were of mixed race and ethnicity. Linkage to statewide cancer registries identified 375 breast, 249 colorectal, and 436 prostate cancer incident cases. Cox models were used to calculate HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between generational status and cancer incidence. Models were adjusted for age at cohort entry and cancer-specific covariates that were chosen based on stepwise regression.
Results:
Compared with the first generation, colorectal cancer showed a significantly higher incidence in the second and third generations with respective HRs of 1.43 (95% CI, 1.04, 1.98) and 1.76 (95% CI, 1.29, 2.38). This association was attenuated after adjustment for relevant covariates. Breast cancer incidence was elevated in the third versus first generation (HR = 1.29; 95% CI, 1.01, 1.63) even in the fully adjusted model, whereas little difference was observed for prostate cancer.
Conclusions:
In this prospective study, we found differences in incidence by generational status, specifically colorectal cancer among men and female breast cancer.
Impact:
Understanding behavioral changes due to acculturation is warranted to mitigate cancer risks in migrant populations.
Data from Blood Magnesium Level and Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Prospective Liver Cirrhosis Cohort
Authors: Zhang Xinyuan , Zhao Longgang , Dai Qi , Hou Tao , Danford Christopher J. , Lai Michelle , Zhang Xuehong
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground:
Higher magnesium intake was linked to a lower risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the relationship between blood magnesium level and HCC has not been fully characterized, especially among patients with liver cirrhosis who are at a higher risk for HCC.
Methods:
In the Mass General Brigham Biobank, we developed a new prospective cohort of 1,430 patients with liver cirrhosis without liver cancer history using the validated International Classification of Diseases codes. We used Cox proportional hazards models to generate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for incident HCC and used generalized estimating equations to compare changes in liver biomarkers according to baseline blood magnesium, adjusting for age, sex, race, lifestyles, body mass index, type 2 diabetes, model for end-stage liver disease score, and hepatitis infection.
Results:
During a median follow-up period of 4.26 years, 109 patients developed HCC. Magnesium deficiency (<1.70 mg/dL; N = 158) was associated with a higher risk of HCC (HR = 1.93; 95% CI, 1.12–3.30) compared with magnesium sufficiency (≥1.70 mg/dL; N = 1282). This association remained robust in the 1-year lag analysis (HR = 2.18; 95% CI, 1.11–4.28) and in sensitivity analysis excluding patients with alcoholic liver disease (HR = 2.41; 95% CI, 1.23–4.74). Magnesium in the lowest quartile was associated with a faster increase in alanine transaminase (β = 4.35; 95% CI, 1.06–7.63), aspartate aminotransferase (β = 6.46; 95% CI, 0.28–12.6), direct bilirubin (β = 0.18; 95% CI, 0.01–0.35), and total bilirubin (β = 0.21; 95% CI, 0.03–0.39), compared with the highest quartile.
Conclusions:
Lower blood magnesium level is associated with higher HCC risk and unfavorable liver biomarker changes.
Impact:
If confirmed, our findings may potentially enable better identification of high-risk patients for HCC and inform better management strategies for liver cirrhosis.
Data from Prospective Analysis of Circulating Biomarkers and Ovarian Cancer Risk in the UK Biobank
Authors: Sasamoto Naoko , Hathaway Cassandra A. , Townsend Mary K. , Terry Kathryn L. , Trabert Britton , Tworoger Shelley S.
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground:
Risk factors have a limited ability to predict individuals at high risk of developing ovarian cancer among average-risk women, highlighting the need for discovery of novel biomarkers. In the UK Biobank, we investigated serum biomarkers commonly measured in clinical laboratory tests and ovarian cancer risk.
Methods:
We conducted a prospective analysis of 20 serum biomarkers and ovarian cancer risk in 232,037 female UK Biobank participants (including 1,122 incident ovarian cancer cases diagnosed from 2006 to 2020). Multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine associations between biomarkers and ovarian cancer risk overall and by histotype. FDR was used to account for multiple testing.
Results:
Overall, higher levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 [RRquartile 4 vs. 1 = 0.73; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.60–0.87; P-trend = 0.002/FDR = 0.04], HbA1c (RRquartile 4 vs. 1 = 0.74; 95% CI, 0.62–0.89; P-trend = 0.002/FDR = 0.04), and alanine aminotransferase (RRquartile 4 vs. 1 = 0.76; 95% CI, 0.63–0.91; P-trend = 0.002/FDR = 0.04) were significantly associated with lower ovarian cancer risk. When stratified by histotype, higher IGF1 levels were associated with lower risk of serous (RRquartile 4 vs. 1 = 0.73; 95% CI, 0.58–0.91; P-trend = 0.01/FDR = 0.20) and clear cell tumors (RRquartile 4 vs. 1 = 0.18; 95% CI, 0.07–0.49; P-trend = 0.001/FDR = 0.02), and higher HbA1c levels were associated with lower risk of serous tumors (RRquartile 4 vs. 1 = 0.73; 95% CI, 0.59–0.90; P-trend = 0.004/FDR = 0.08).
Conclusions:
We observed that higher levels of circulating IGF1, HbA1c, and alanine aminotransferase were associated with lower ovarian cancer risk.
Impact:
These results suggest metabolism of glucose/amino acid and insulin/IGF1 signaling pathway may be contributing to ovarian carcinogenesis. Further research is needed to replicate our findings and elucidate how systemic changes in metabolism impact ovarian carcinogenesis.
Liver Cancer: Progress and Priorities
Authors: McGlynn Katherine A. , Petrick Jessica L. , Groopman John D.
Published: October 2024

Liver cancer, the sixth most frequently occurring cancer in the world and the third most common cause of cancer mortality, has wide geographical variation in both incidence and mortality rates. At the end of the 20th century, incidence rates began declining in some high-rate areas and increasing in some lower-rate areas. These trends were undoubtedly driven by the shifting contributions of both well-established and more novel risk factors. While notable strides have been made in combating some major risk factors, such as hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus, the emergence of metabolic conditions as important drivers of liver cancer risk indicates that much work remains to be done in prevention. As liver cancer is strongly associated with economic and social deprivation, research, early-diagnosis, and treatment among disadvantaged populations are of paramount importance.
Supplementary Figure S3 from Lactate Induces Tumor Progression via LAR Motif-Dependent Yin-Yang 1 Degradation
Authors: Du Shujuan , Chen Xiaoting , Han Xiao , Wang Yuyan , Yu Dan , Li Ying , Zhu Caixia , Tong Yin , Gao Shujun , Wang Junwen , Wei Fang , Cai Qiliang
Published: October 2024

Supplementary Figure S3
Supplementary Figure S2 from Lactate Induces Tumor Progression via LAR Motif-Dependent Yin-Yang 1 Degradation
Authors: Du Shujuan , Chen Xiaoting , Han Xiao , Wang Yuyan , Yu Dan , Li Ying , Zhu Caixia , Tong Yin , Gao Shujun , Wang Junwen , Wei Fang , Cai Qiliang
Published: October 2024

S2. Distribution of WT YY1 and its mutants in the presence or absence of LA.
Supplementary Figure S8 from RNA-Binding Protein Lin28B Promotes Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Blast Crisis by Transcriptionally Upregulating miR-181d
Authors: Zhou Minran , Yin Xiaolin , Zhang Lu , Cui Zelong , Jiang Xinwen , Ji Qingli , Ma Sai , Chen Chunyan
Published: October 2024

Supplementary Figure S8 shows the quantification of Lin28B and PDCD4 protein levels detected by Western blot in the stable Lin28B knockdown K562 and HL60 cells and relative control cells transfected with PDCD4 siRNA or NC siRNA using the Image J program, with Actin for normalization.
Supplementary Figure 3 from NAPRT Silencing in FH-Deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma Confers Therapeutic Vulnerabilities via NAD+ Depletion
Authors: Noronha Katelyn J. , Lucas Karlie N. , Paradkar Sateja , Edmonds Joseph , Friedman Sam , Murray Matthew A. , Liu Samantha , Sajed Dipti P. , Sachs Chana , Spurrier Josh , Raponi Mitch , Liang Jiayu , Zeng Hao , Sundaram Ranjini K. , Shuch Brian , Vasquez Juan C. , Bindra Ranjit S.
Published: October 2024

Patient methylation and protein expression of NAPRT.
Supplementary Figure 10 from NAPRT Silencing in FH-Deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma Confers Therapeutic Vulnerabilities via NAD+ Depletion
Authors: Noronha Katelyn J. , Lucas Karlie N. , Paradkar Sateja , Edmonds Joseph , Friedman Sam , Murray Matthew A. , Liu Samantha , Sajed Dipti P. , Sachs Chana , Spurrier Josh , Raponi Mitch , Liang Jiayu , Zeng Hao , Sundaram Ranjini K. , Shuch Brian , Vasquez Juan C. , Bindra Ranjit S.
Published: October 2024

NAMPTis and PARPis synergize in IDH1/2 NAPRT-deficient tumor models.
Supplementary Figure 1 from NAPRT Silencing in FH-Deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma Confers Therapeutic Vulnerabilities via NAD+ Depletion
Authors: Noronha Katelyn J. , Lucas Karlie N. , Paradkar Sateja , Edmonds Joseph , Friedman Sam , Murray Matthew A. , Liu Samantha , Sajed Dipti P. , Sachs Chana , Spurrier Josh , Raponi Mitch , Liang Jiayu , Zeng Hao , Sundaram Ranjini K. , Shuch Brian , Vasquez Juan C. , Bindra Ranjit S.
Published: October 2024

Additional cell line validation.
Supplementary Table 1 from The Complex Regulation of Cytokinesis upon Abscission Checkpoint Activation
Authors: Gibieža Paulius , Petrikaitė Vilma
Published: October 2024

MB proteins and their functions during cytokinetic abscission
Data from Characterization of Wnt Signaling Pathway Aberrations in Metastatic Prostate Cancer
Authors: Choi Sharon H. , Pan Elizabeth , Elliott Andrew , Beltran Himisha , Panian Justine , Jamieson Christina , Bagrodia Aditya , Rose Brent , Herchenhorn Daniel , Heath Elisabeth , Nabhan Chadi , Antonarakis Emmanuel S. , McKay Rana R.
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Wnt (wingless-type) signaling pathway (WSP) alterations have been identified in patients with prostate cancer and are implicated in disease progression and hormonal resistance. In this study, we utilized a multi-institutional dataset to characterize molecular alterations in the canonical and noncanonical WSPs in prostate cancer. Patients with prostate cancer who underwent tissue-based genomic sequencing were investigated. Tumors with somatic activating mutations in CTNNB1 or RSPO2 or inactivating mutations in either APC or RNF43 were characterized as having aberrant canonical Wnt signaling (WSP-activated). Overall survival analyses were restricted to microsatellite-stable (MSS) tumors lacking RNF43 G659fs* mutations. We also investigated noncanonical WSP by evaluation of ROR1, ROR2, and WNT5 in WSP-activated versus WSP wild-type (WSP-WT) tumors. Of 4,138 prostate cancer samples, 3,684 were MSS. Among MSS tumors, 42.4% were from metastatic sites, of which 19.1% were WSP activated, and 57.6% were from the prostate, of which 10.1% were WSP activated. WSP-activated tumors were more prevalent in metastatic sites than in primary prostate cancer. WSP-activated prostate cancer exhibited more SPOP mutations and higher expression of canonical WSP activators than WSP-WT tumors. ROR1 gene expression was elevated in WSP-activated tumors from both primary and metastatic sites. M2 macrophages predominated the tumor microenvironment in WSP-activated tumors. There was no significant difference in overall survival between patients with WSP-activated and WSP-WT prostate cancer. WSP-activated prostate cancer demonstrated a more immunosuppressed tumor microenvironment and a pronounced upregulation of ROR1 gene expression, underscoring its potential involvement in the crosstalk between canonical and noncanonical WSPs.

Implications: Our findings may provide a rationale for developing novel therapeutic strategies targeting Wnt-activated prostate cancer.
Data from The Complex Regulation of Cytokinesis upon Abscission Checkpoint Activation
Authors: Gibieža Paulius , Petrikaitė Vilma
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Cytokinetic abscission is a crucial process that guides the separation of daughter cells at the end of each cell division. This process involves the cleavage of the intercellular bridge, which connects the newly formed daughter cells. Over the years, researchers have identified several cellular contributors and intracellular processes that influence the spatial and temporal distribution of the cytoskeleton during cytokinetic abscission. This review presents the most important scientific discoveries that allow activation of the abscission checkpoint, ensuring a smooth and successful separation of a single cell into two cells during cell division. Here, we describe different factors, such as abscission checkpoint, ICB tension, nuclear pore defects, DNA replication stress, chromosomal stability, and midbody proteins, which play a role in the regulation and correct timing of cytokinetic abscission. Furthermore, we explore the downsides associated with the dysregulation of abscission, including its negative impact on cells and the potential to induce tumor formation in humans. Finally, we propose a novel factor for improving cancer therapy and give future perspectives in this research field.
Common
SYNE2
Genetic Variant Associated With Atrial Fibrillation Lowers Expression of Nesprin-2α1 With Downstream Effects on Nuclear and Electrophysiological Traits
Authors: Liu Nana , Hsu Jeffrey , Mahajan Gautam , Sun Han , Laurita Kenneth R. , Naga Prasad Sathyamangla V. , Barnard John , Van Wagoner David R. , Kothapalli Chandrasekhar R. , Chung Mina K. , Smith Jonathan D.
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:

Atrial fibrillation GWAS (genome-wide association studies) identified significant associations for rs1152591 and linked variants in the
SYNE2
gene encoding Nesprin-2, which connects the nuclear membrane with the cytoskeleton.

METHODS:

Reporter gene vector transfection and CRISPR-Cas9 editing were used to identify the causal variant regulating the expression of
SYNE2α1
. After
SYNE2
knockdown or
SYNE2α1
overexpression in human stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes, nuclear phenotypes were assessed by imaging and atomic force microscopy. Gene expression was assessed by RNAseq and gene set enrichment analysis. Fura-2 AM staining assessed calcium transients. Optical mapping assessed action potential duration and conduction velocity.

RESULTS:

The risk allele of rs1152591 had lower promoter and enhancer activity and was significantly associated with lower expression of the short
SYNE2α1
isoform in human stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes, without an effect on the expression of the full-length
SYNE2
mRNA.
SYNE2α1
overexpression had dominant negative effects on the nucleus with its overexpression or
SYNE2
knockdown leading to increased nuclear area and decreased nuclear stiffness. Gene expression results from
SYNE2α1
overexpression demonstrated both concordant and nonconcordant effects with
SYNE2
knockdown.
SYNE2α1
overexpression had a gain of function on electrophysiology, leading to significantly faster calcium reuptake and decreased assessed action potential duration, while
SYNE2
knockdown showed both shortened assessed action potential duration and decreased conduction velocity.

CONCLUSIONS:

rs1152591 was identified as a causal atrial fibrillation variant, with the risk allele decreasing
SYNE2α1
expression. Downstream effects of
SYNE2α1
overexpression include changes in nuclear stiffness and electrophysiology, which may contribute to the mechanism for the risk allele’s association with AF.
Assessing the Role of Context in Chat Translation Evaluation: Is Context Helpful and Under What Conditions?
Authors: Agrawal Sweta , Farajian Amin , Fernandes Patrick , Rei Ricardo , Martins André F. T.
Published: October 2024

Despite the recent success of automatic metrics for assessing translation quality, their application in evaluating the quality of machine-translated chats has been limited. Unlike more structured texts like news, chat conversations are often unstructured, short, and heavily reliant on contextual information. This poses questions about the reliability of existing sentence-level metrics in this domain as well as the role of context in assessing the translation quality. Motivated by this, we conduct a meta-evaluation of existing automatic metrics, primarily designed for structured domains such as news, to assess the quality of machine-translated chats. We find that reference-free metrics lag behind reference-based ones, especially when evaluating translation quality in out-of-English settings. We then investigate how incorporating conversational contextual information in these metrics for sentence-level evaluation affects their performance. Our findings show that augmenting neural learned metrics with contextual information helps improve correlation with human judgments in the reference-free scenario and when evaluating translations in out-of-English settings. Finally, we propose a new evaluation metric, Context-MQM, that utilizes bilingual context with a large language model (LLM) and further validate that adding context helps even for LLM-based evaluation metrics.
Sychnotylenchus kulinichi sp. n. (Nematoda: Anguinoidea) from the Primorsky Krai of Russia with a tabular key to the genus Sychnotylenchus Rühm, 1956
Authors: Ryss Alexander Yu. , Chalkin Andrey A. , Subbotin Sergei A.
Published: October 2024

A new species of the genus Sychnotylenchus Rühm, 1956, S. kulinchi sp. n., inhabiting the bark beetle galleries of Pityogenes chalcographus in Pinus koraiensis was found in the Primorsky Krai of Russia. The new species differs morphologically from the closely related species S. yasinskii and S. mayor in having a shorter body length (626-1030 vs 1250-1280 and 1935-1455 μm, respectively) and from S. sparnugus in having a greater value of the ratio between spicule length and tail length (0.9-11 vs less than 0.7). Phylogenetic analysis of the partial 18S rRNA, D2-D3 expansion segments of the 28S rRNA, the ITS rRNA and COI gene sequences showed that the Russian S. kulinichi sp. n. population grouped with populations from Israel and an unspecified locality that were identified incorrectly as Ditylenchus forepolitor, which are considered conspecific with S. kulinichi sp. n. in this study. Phylogenetic analyses aiming to clarify the controversial taxonomic status of Neoditylenchus and Sychnotylenchus species indicated that, although the genus Sychnotylenchus was paraphyletic in some phylogenetic trees, testing of alternative topologies for the 18S rRNA, D2-D3 of 28S rRNA and ITS rRNA gene trees and datasets using the maximum likelihood method did not exclude the monophyly of this genus and did not justify the validity of the genus Neoditylenchus, which should be considered a junior synonym of Sychnotylenchus as proposed by Fortuner & Maggenti (1987). Molecular phylogeny showed close relationships of Sychnotylenchus with plant-parasitic nematodes from the genera Ficotylus, Orrina and Pterotylenchus, and also with the insect-associated genus Neomisticius. A polytomous key listing 24 morphological diagnostic characters for the identification of 33 species of Sychnotylenchus is provided, along with a table listing associated bark beetle species.
The Baby and the Bathwater: Class Analysis and Class Formation after Deindustrialisation
Authors: Winant Gabriel
Published: October 2024

This paper is an edited version of the Deutscher Memorial Lecture delivered in November 2023 which expands upon The Next Shift: The Fall of Industry and the Rise of Health Care in Rust Belt America. It develops an account of the productivity limits of interpersonal service work more firmly rooted in Marxism and argues that the separation of social reproduction from production is primarily economic rather than political. This theoretical device is then deployed to argue that there is indeed a global ‘crisis of care’. This crisis is triggered not only by destabilisation of earlier care regimes, but also the encounter between the productivity limit and new forms and expanding volume in demand for care. Finally, this crisis is linked to the new global sociology and politics of gender and sexuality. Methodologically, the paper argues for renewed attention to the empirical specificity of proletarianisation processes, rather than ‘class abstractionism’.
The Militarisation of Japan and the Ethics of Survival Strategies
Authors: Akabayashi Akira , Zion Deborah
Published: October 2024

Recently there has been media speculation about Japan’s move away from pacifism towards a more active role in global conflict, focusing on the war in Ukraine. The lack of military infrastructure and research and development in Japan since World War II have also had a profound impact on a lack of preparedness for COVID 19 vaccines, as the infrastructure needed was often linked to military development. We discuss how such changes have resulted in a desire for a buildup of military development including vaccine development in Japan. These changes, should they take place, will signify a shift away from the post-war period as Japan develops a new global role.
Impact of mixed groups on the gut bacterial structure of herring gull (Larus argentatus) and common shelduck (Tadorna tadorna) on Binzhou Seashell Island in Wudi, China
Authors: Li L. , Liu J. , Shao Y. , Niu W. , Li Y. , Li L. , Liu Y. , Shi Y. , Shang S. , Wang J.
Published: October 2024

The cross-species transmission of intestinal bacteria caused by mixed-group contact in animals is currently an issue of concern. Herring gulls (Larus argentatus) and common shelducks (Tadorna tadorna) often forage in mixed groups, a process which is known as sympatric mixed foraging. This study sought to explore how mixed foraging affects the gut bacteria structure in herring gulls and common shelducks on Binzhou Seashell Island, China. Illumina high-throughput sequencing was employed to analyze the intestinal bacteria of these birds during their wintering period, with the goal of understanding the impact of mixed-species interactions on gut microbiota diversity. The results showed that alpha diversity of intestinal flora in common shelducks was higher than that in herring gulls, and there was no significant difference in beta diversity between the two species. The similarity ratio of the top five abundances of bacteria at the phylum classification level reached 42.86%. Judging from the results, there is resemblance in the structure of the intestinal flora between the two species. The study not only enhances our understanding of the adaptive strategies and interactions of these two avian species within the ecosystem, but also establishes a crucial foundation for bird resource management and disease prevention and control in this region. It holds significant scientific and practical implications for fields such as ecological conservation and biodiversity.
Replacing sea fish with black soldier fly fermentation homogenate in diet for Pelodiscus sinensis: growth, intestinal development and hepatic health
Authors: Gao S.Q. , Xiang Y.F. , Jiang Z.Y. , Luo Y.H. , Tang G.J. , Zou X.W. , Xie K. , Niu W.J. , Li X.Y. , Xiang J.A. , Tan Z. , Zeng X.Y. , Wang B.
Published: October 2024

Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) meal has the potential to partially replace fish meal in the diet of various aquatic animals. The fermentation treatment of BSFL can retain more nutrients and reduce processing and transportation costs. This study investigated the effects of partially replacing fish meal with Black Soldier Fly Fermentation Homogenate (BSFFH) on the growth performance and health of Chinese soft-shelled (Pelodiscus sinensis) turtle. The experiment was divided into 4 different groups of juvenile P. sinensis diets. The control diet included 60% compound feed and 40% sea fish. The 34%, 61%, and 82% substitution groups were fed mixtures, and varying percentages of sea fish were replaced with BSFFH. The results indicate that replacing 34% and 61% sea fish with BSFFH significantly improved growth (P < 0.05). The 61% substitution significantly decreased the muscle fiber size while the 82% substitution significantly upregulated the expression of myogenic genes MYF5 and MRF4 (P < 0.05). Furthermore, replacing sea fish with BSFFH significantly increased hepatic TG content (P < 0.05) and induced mild liver fibrosis, while it reduced the TG content in skeletal (P < 0.05). However, BSFFH did not affect subcutaneous fat weight (P > 0.05). Lastly, the 34% substitution significantly increased the intestine villus height and the ratio of villus height/crypt depth, while higher substitution reduced both values. In addition, the 61% substitution increased the mucus secreted by the intestine goblet cells. In conclusion, partially replacing sea fish with BSFFH improves the growth performance and intestine structure of Chinese soft-shelled turtles. However, a high level of BSFFH could negatively affect growth performance, intestinal structure, and hepatic health.
Sentience and the Issue of Animal Welfare
Authors: Samuel Olusegun Steven
Published: October 2024

In this article, I discuss a precondition of moral consideration that sets the bar lower at sentience. The popular sentience thesis identifies the capacity to feel pain as its condition of consideration. By appealing to the capacity to feel, it is possible to address some fundamental questions about anthropocentrism such as a threat to sentient animals in factory farming and unnecessary experimentation on nonhuman animals. This article interrogates the issue of animal welfare and exposes how discussions on moral considerations focusing on animal sentience exclude non-sentience animals from public welfare policy. While the sentience thesis is a well-established approach in the animal welfare literature, I argue that it lacks robust normative force and, as such, is inadequate for promoting animal welfare since it forces fragmentation of our moral life.