bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship between the richness of tree species and edaphoclimatic characteristics of the south region of Bahia, Brazil
Authors: Teles Carolina Barreto , Magnago Luiz Fernando Silva , Carilo Filho Leildo Machado , Piotto Daniel
Published: August 2022

The regions between the tropics provide climatic characteristics that contribute to the formation of unique vegetation typologies, the Tropical Forests. It is estimated that these forests are home to about 50 000 tree species. The Atlantic Forest, located mostly on the Brazilian coast is an example of the richness of phanerophytes inside an important hotspot for biodiversity. Understanding the relationship between these edaphoclimatic factors and the richness of tree species in the Atlantic Forest is important to establish conservation strategies in this threatened biome. Our main objective was to analyse the relationship between abiotic variables and tree species richness in the southern region of the state of Bahia, Brazil. In this sense, we used data from tree species and abiotic factors (extracted from the WorldClim and FAO platforms) in a selection of mixed generalized linear multimodels. Variables related to temperature and precipitation in the driest periods influenced the richness of tree species in the study region. Whereas temperature seasonality and minimum temperature of the coldest month influenced negatively the values for extrapolated richness the maximum temperature of the hottest month exhibited a positive influence for richness indexes. These results emphasize that the maintenance of the arboreal richness in tropical zones is directly dependent of the climatic seasonality. In the present study, we point out the importance of climatic factors for the maintenance of tree species in a region that has expressive numbers of tree species per hectare, one of the world records in this index.
Ethical implementation of mitochondrial donation in Australia
Authors: Koplin Julian , Lestrell Esther , Mills Catherine , Degeling Chris , Kneebone Ezra , Ludlow Karinne , Newson Ainsley , Sparrow Robert , Sutton Liz , Warren Narelle
Published: August 2022

Australia has recently legalised mitochondrial donation. However, key ethical and legal issues still need to be addressed. This paper maps the relevant issues and offers some suggestions for how they ought to be resolved.
Serum exosome inflamma‐miRs are surrogate biomarkers for asthma phenotype and severity
Authors: Vázquez‐Mera Sara , Martelo‐Vidal Laura , Miguéns‐Suárez Pablo , Saavedra‐Nieves Paula , Arias Pilar , González‐Fernández Coral , Mosteiro‐Añón Mar , Corbacho‐Abelaira María Dolores , Blanco‐Aparicio Marina , Méndez‐Brea Paula , Salgado Francisco Javier , Nieto‐Fontarigo Juan José , González‐Barcala Francisco Javier
Published: August 2022

Background

Asthma is a heterogeneous disease with several phenotypes, endotypes and severity degrees, in which different T‐cell subpopulations are involved. These cells express specific miRNAs (i.e. inflamma‐miRs) that can be released to serum in exosomes after activation and be used as biomarkers of underlying inflammation. Thus, we aim to evaluate specific T‐cell miRNA signatures in serum exosomes from different subgroups of asthmatic patients.

Methods

Samples from healthy donors (N = 30) and patients (N = 119) with different asthma endotypes (T2high‐Atopic/T2high‐Non‐atopic/T2low) and severity degrees (mild/MA and moderate–severe/MSA) were used. Demographic, clinical, haematological and biochemical characteristics were collected. Twelve miRNAs previously associated with different Th subsets were preselected and their levels in serum exosome samples were measured using RTqPCR.

Results

We detected five miRNAs with high confidence in serum exosomes: miR‐16‐5p, miR‐21‐5p, miR‐126‐3p, miR146a‐5p and miR‐215‐5p. All of them, except miR‐16‐5p were upregulated in MSA patients compared to MA. A logistic regression model including each of these miRNAs was created to discriminate both conditions, rendering a ROC curve AUC of 0.896 (0.830–0.961). miR‐21‐5p and miR‐126‐3p, both involved in Th1/Th2 differentiation, were specifically augmented in T2high‐Atopic patients. Of note, all these changes were found in samples collected in autumn. On the contrary, IL‐6high patients with MSA, which were more obese, older, with higher neutrophil and basophil counts and TNF levels, displayed a decrease of miR‐21‐5p, miR‐126‐3p and miR‐146a‐5p.

Conclusion

Immune‐related miRNAs, including miR‐21‐5p, miR‐126‐3p, miR‐146a‐5p and miR‐215‐5p, can be used as clinically relevant non‐invasive biomarkers of the phenotype/endotype and severity of asthma.
Usefulness of P‐wave peak time as an electrocardiographic parameter in predicting left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in patients with mitral regurgitation
Authors: Ito Kazuki , Miyajima Keisuke , Urushida Tsuyoshi , Unno Kyoko , Okazaki Ayako , Takashima Yasuyo , Watanabe Tomoyuki , Kawaguchi Yoshitaka , Wakabayashi Yasushi , Maekawa Yuichiro
Published: August 2022

Introduction

Conventional Doppler measurements have limitations in predicting left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) in patients with mitral regurgitation (MR). Recently, electrocardiographic P‐wave peak time (PWPT) has been proposed as a parameter of detecting LVDD. This study aimed to evaluate the association between PWPT and left ventricular end‐diastolic pressure (LVEDP) in patients with MR.

Methods

We performed echocardiography and cardiac catheterization in 82 patients with moderate or severe MR. We classified patients into two groups: low LVEDP group (L‐LVEDP) (LVEDP <16 mmHg, n = 40) and high LVEDP group (H‐LVEDP) (LVEDP ≥16 mmHg, n = 42). We evaluated LVDD and PWPT based on echocardiographic and electrocardiographic findings in both groups.

Results

The PWPT in lead II (PWPTII) was significantly longer in patients in the H‐LVEDP group than in those in the L‐LVEDP group (67 vs. 47 ms, p < .001). Using correlation analysis, LVEDP was positively correlated with PWPTII (r = .577, p < .001). Using multivariate analysis, PWPTII was found to be an independent predictor of increased LVEDP (95% CI: 0.1030–0.110; p < .001). Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the optimal cutoff value of PWPTII for predicting elevated LVEDP was 58.9 ms, with a sensitivity of 80.0% and a specificity of 73.8% (area under curve: 0.809, 95% CI: 0.713–0.905).

Conclusion

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to assess the effect of a significant valvular disease on PWPT in lead II. These findings suggest that prolonged PWPTII may be an independent predictor of increased LVEDP in patients with moderate or severe MR.
A new model to predict the risk of major gastrointestinal bleeding in patients on direct oral anticoagulants (dabigatran and rivaroxaban)
Authors: Lv Meina , Jiang Shaojun , Wu Tingting , Huang Nianxu , Chen Xia , Chen Chunmei , Zhang Jinhua
Published: August 2022

Aims

The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) in patients on direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and develop a risk score that would provide an effective tool for the clinical assessment of GIB.

Methods

This was a multicentre retrospective analysis of clinical and follow‐up data of patients treated with DOACs. The score was developed through logistic regression. The performance of score was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity and Hosmer–Lemeshow test.

Results

The 11 903 patients had a mean age of 65.1 years. In multivariate analysis, age ≥65 years, alcohol use, history of peptic ulcer, history of major bleeding, abnormal liver function or renal function, cancer, platelet count <100 × 109/L, anaemia, and concurrent antiplatelet agent or non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug treatment were independent risk factors for GIB, and concurrent treatment with gastrointestinal protective agents were a protective factor. The Alfalfa‐DOAC‐GIB score was constructed using these 12 factors. The AUC of the Alfalfa‐DOAC‐GIB score was 0.77 (95% CI 0.74–0.81), which was higher than that of the HAS‐BLED score (0.69; 95% CI 0.65–0.72) and the New score (0.65; 95% CI 0.61–0.68).

Conclusions

Based on 12 factors, we developed a gastrointestinal bleeding risk score. The newly developed Alfalfa‐DOAC‐GIB score has better predictive value than the HAS‐BLED score and the New score, and might be an effective tool to help reduce the occurrence of GIB in patients using DOACs.
Experimental evaluation of the role of inorganic phosphorus for terrestrial carbon degradation in stream hyporheic zones
Authors: Attermeyer Katrin , Harjung Astrid , Schelker Jakob , Weigelhofer Gabriele
Published: August 2022

The hyporheic zone (HZ) is a hotspot of carbon processing in stream ecosystems as a consequence of the mixing of organic matter and nutrients from ground water and surface waters. However, major knowledge gaps exist regarding the drivers of microbial activity and carbon processing in the HZ among stream ecosystems with different carbon sources and sediment properties. We investigated the impact of algal dissolved organic matter (DOMalgal) and inorganic phosphorus (P) on the degradation of soil DOM (DOMsoil) by hyporheic microorganisms in two laboratory experiments.

In our first experiment, we explored the influence of different ratios of DOMalgal to DOMsoil with and without P additions on microbial respiration and DOM composition in laboratory hyporheic microcosms under oxic conditions. Here, we used glass beads colonised by stream microorganisms resembling a pristine stream system. As the addition of DOMalgal increased P concentrations, we added P to adjust the P concentrations to the same level of the pure DOMalgal in a second batch. In our second experiment, we determined the aerobic microbial respiration of HZ‐sediments from 20 streams along a land‐use gradient in Austria incubated with DOMsoil. Again, we performed the experiments with and without P additions to see whether effects on microbial respiration depended on the ambient P concentrations of the streams.

Aerobic microbial respiration in the hyporheic microcosms decreased with increasing DOMsoil proportions. When P concentrations were adjusted to the P level of the DOMalgal, aerobic microbial respiration rates were similar between the different DOM mixtures in the microcosms, mainly stimulating the degradation of humic‐like DOM fractions. This highlights the stimulating effects of the P additions on hyporheic microbial respiration and humic‐like DOM degradation in pristine streams. However, P additions caused a significant increase in microbial respiration in only one of 20 natural HZ‐sediments, suggesting that aerobic microbial respiration rates rarely were controlled by P availability in the investigated streams.

We conclude that nutrient pulses can, but do not necessarily, stimulate microbial activity and terrestrial carbon degradation in the HZ of streams. Nevertheless, at low ambient nutrient concentrations (i.e., in pristine streams) terrestrial carbon degradation in the HZ can be accelerated when nutrient pulses occur, which has consequences for CO2 outgassing and the organic matter quality in the stream and its export to downstream sections.
Effect of drying techniques on drying kinetics, antioxidant capacity, structural, and thermal characteristics of germinated mung beans (Vigna radiata)
Authors: Sarjerao Lad Shailesh Kumar , Kashyap Piyush , Sharma Poorva
Published: August 2022

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of tray and vacuum drying on drying, bio‐functional, structural, and thermal characteristics of germinated mung beans. Eleven drying models were fitted to moisture ratio data. The drying time in vacuum drying was 21.05% lesser than the tray drying at 50°C. Results also indicate that modified Henderson and Pabis was the best‐fitted model for germinated mung beans drying. Vacuum drying also possesses higher total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and rehydration rate compared to tray drying. The FTIR and XRD spectra showed the conformational changes in dried germinated mung beans. Microscopy images illustrate that germination leads to disorientation of beans structure and more damage on vacuum dried beans showed high porosity in structure, which facilitates faster moisture transfer. Higher denaturation temperature and lesser enthalpy reflect the higher thermal stability of vacuum dried mung beans. Overall, vacuum drying is a promising drying method for germinated mung beans with higher functional and thermal characteristics and lesser structural damage. Germinated mung bean seeds are the treasure of bioactive compounds. However, the presence of microorganisms due to their high water activity makes them unacceptable for consumers. Drying is a traditional approach to increase the shelf‐life of food products. Hence, vacuum drying has been used to dry the germinated mung bean seeds with minimal quality loss. Therefore, this data can be useful for food processing industries to develop a high‐quality functional product.
Depth control in follicular unit excision: A new classification from a detailed analysis of 30 patients undergoing FUE technique for hair restoration
Authors: Boaventura Otávio , Stuque Cleber
Published: August 2022

Background

In follicular unit excision (FUE), the concept of depth control (DC) has been created to minimize the risk of hair follicle damage.

Aim

To analyze DC variation in different parts of the safe donor area of scalp; to propose Boaventura's new DC classification for hair restoration surgery using the FUE technique.

Patients/Methods

Thirty male patients underwent hair restoration surgery. The donor area was distributed into 14 zones, with the minimum depth required for at least three atraumatic extractions of the grafts. When the extraction was not successful, 0.5 mm was added until reaching three follicular units, determining the DC area.

Results

Approximately 2000 extractions were performed on each patient to determine DC. For some areas, greater depth (2.54 ± 0.10 mm) was necessary. Fifty‐eight percent of follicular units were extracted with 2.0 mm DC, and 3.8% required 3.5 mm DC. Thus, according to Boaventura's new classification for DC, grade I ≥ 2.00 mm, grade II from 2.1 to 3 mm, and grade III > 3.0 mm.

Conclusion

There is variability in the DC of follicular units within the different areas of the safe donor zone. Moreover, we have proposed a new DC classification, which would represent a valuable estimation of surgery demand.
Stellaria motuoensis (Caryophyllaceae), a new species from Xizang, China
Authors: Li Meng , Tian Chang‐Fen , Song Yan‐Feng , Ju Wen‐Bin , Pathak Mitra Lal , Xu Bo
Published: August 2022

Stellaria motuoensis sp. nov. (Caryophyllaceae) is described and illustrated as a new species from Xizang of China on the basis of both morphological and molecular evidence. Phylogenetic analysis based on ITS sequence data show that S. motuoensis is closely related to S. monosperma. Morphological observation has shown that S. motuoensis is closest to S. monosperma var. paniculata, but readily differs by its bisexual flower with no petals (versus bisexual or unisexual with petals 5), five stamens (versus 5 or 10), filiform roots (versus fusiform, thick, fleshy), terete stem (versus 4‐angled), stems glabrous basally, pubescent in apical part, glandular trichome on rachis (versus glandular pubescent, with 1 or 2 rows of hairs above) and leaves glabrous (versus pubescent).
Effect of chronic mucus hypersecretion on treatment responses to inhaled therapies in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Post hoc analysis of the IMPACT trial
Authors: Thompson Philip J. , Criner Gerard J. , Dransfield Mark T. , Halpin David M. G. , Han MeiLan K. , Lipson David A. , Maghzal Ghassan J. , Martinez Fernando J. , Midwinter Dawn , Singh Dave , Tombs Lee , Wise Robert A.
Published: August 2022

Background and objective

Chronic mucus hypersecretion (CMH) is a clinical phenotype of COPD. This exploratory post hoc analysis assessed relationship between CMH status and treatment response in IMPACT.

Methods

Patients were randomized to once‐daily fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium/vilanterol (FF/UMEC/VI) 100/62.5/25 μg, FF/VI 100/25 μg or UMEC/VI 62.5/25 μg and designated CMH+ if they scored 1/2 in St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) questions 1 and 2. Endpoints assessed by baseline CMH status included on‐treatment exacerbation rates, change from baseline in trough forced expiratory volume in 1 second, SGRQ total score, COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score, proportion of SGRQ and CAT responders at Week 52 and safety.

Results

Of 10,355 patients in the intent‐to‐treat population, 10,250 reported baseline SGRQ data (CMH+: 62% [n = 6383]). FF/UMEC/VI significantly (p < 0.001) reduced on‐treatment moderate/severe exacerbation rates versus FF/VI and UMEC/VI in CMH+ (rate ratio: 0.87 and 0.72) and CMH− patients (0.82 and 0.80). FF/UMEC/VI significantly (p < 0.05) reduced on‐treatment severe exacerbation rates versus UMEC/VI in CMH+ (0.62) and CMH− (0.74) subgroups. Similar improvements in health status and lung function with FF/UMEC/VI were observed, regardless of CMH status. In CMH+ patients, FF/VI significantly (p < 0.001) reduced on‐treatment moderate/severe and severe exacerbation rates versus UMEC/VI (0.83 and 0.70).

Conclusion

FF/UMEC/VI had a favourable benefit: risk profile versus dual therapies irrespective of CMH status. The presence of CMH did not influence treatment response or exacerbations, lung function and/or health status. However, CMH did generate differences when dual therapies were compared and the impact of CMH should be considered in future trial design.
On the Design and Testing of an Origami Inspired Nasal Cover: Mitigating Aerosol Risks During Endoscopic Sinus Procedures
Authors: Heatherington Evan B. , Zhao Xiaoyue , Goyal Neerav , Ounaies Zoubeida , Frecker Mary
Published: August 2022

Aerosols generated during endoscopic sinus procedures present a concern to the health and safety of healthcare personnel, especially with the presence of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The purpose of this study is to describe the design and testing of a nasal cover to restrict aerosolized pathogens. The nasal cover was designed to sit overtop the nose with conformal slits for insertion of endoscopic instrumentation. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was chosen as the nasal mask material and its composition, thickness, and slit geometry were selected using a Taguchi experimental design and survey with clinical collaborators at Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center. The nasal cover was designed using principles of origami engineering to be manufactured flat and then folded into its operating state. Form and functionality were evaluated by surgeons, fellows, and residents in the aforementioned survey. Aerosol containment was evaluated by measuring smoke, representative of surgical aerosols, with an optical particle counter. A 25:1 composition PDMS with 3 mm thickness and vertical slit geometry was chosen for the nasal cover design. Survey results demonstrated that the origami cover sat well on the nose and did not significantly impact the surgical conditions with single instrumentation. On average, this nasal cover was found to restrict more than 93% of 0.3 μm aerosols, and more than 99% of all aerosols larger than 0.5 μm in size. The use of a patient worn nasal cover has the potential to drastically reduce the risk to hospital personnel during endonasal surgeries by reducing aerosol generation and potential pathogen spread.
Mapping the extent, range and nature of research activity on value-based healthcare in the 15 years following its introduction (2006–2021): a scoping review
Authors: Vijverberg Joanna R G , Daniels Kirsten , Steinmann Gijs , Garvelink Mirjam M , Rouppe van der Voort Marc B V , Biesma Douwe , Bos Willem Jan W , van Merode Frits , van der Nat Paul
Published: August 2022

Objectives

We aimed to systematically map the extent, range and nature of research activity on value-based healthcare (VBHC), and to identify research gaps.

Design

A scoping review with an additional cited reference search was conducted, guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology.

Data sources

The search was undertaken in PubMed, Embase and Web of Science.

Eligibility criteria

Eligible articles mentioned VBHC or value with reference to the work of Porter or provided a definition of VBHC or value.

Data extraction and synthesis

Data were independently extracted using a data extraction form. Two independent reviewers double extracted data from 10% of the articles. Data of the remaining articles (90%) were extracted by one reviewer and checked by a second. The strategic agenda of Porter and Lee was used to categorise the included articles.

Results

The searches yielded a total of 27,931 articles, of which 1,242 were analysed. Most articles were published in North America. Most articles described an application of VBHC by measuring outcomes and costs (agenda item 2). The other agenda items were far less frequently described or implemented. Most of these articles were conceptual, meaning that nothing was actually changed or implemented.

Conclusion

The number of publications increased steadily after the introduction of VBHC in 2006. Almost one-fifth of the articles could not be categorised in one of the items of the strategic agenda, which may lead to the conclusion that the current strategic agenda could be extended. In addition, a practical roadmap or guideline to implement VBHC is still lacking. Future research could fill this gap by specifically studying the effectiveness of VBHC in day-to-day clinical practice.
A tale of two fishes: depth preference of migrating Atlantic salmon smolt and predatory brown trout in a Norwegian lake
Authors: Nash A.J. , Vollset K.W. , Hanssen E.M. , Berhe S. , Salvanes A.G. , Isaksen T.E. , Barlaup B.T. , Lennox R.J.
Published: August 2022

To understand the predator–prey interactions during this transitional migration, we tracked 22 Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar) smolts and their most prevalent predator, brown trout ( Salmo trutta) ( N = 21), and recorded their depth use in a basin of Lake Evanger, Norway, with acoustic telemetry during May 2020. Both salmon smolts (mean ± SD: 3.8 ± 3.3 m) and trout (2.9 ± 1.7 m) were distributed relatively shallow in the lake despite depths in the area largely exceeding 30 m. Both species were deeper at midday and smolts tended to be deeper in the water earlier in the migration, overlapping less with trout early in May, but as daily daylight increased and water temperature warmed vertical distribution of smolts and trout increasingly overlapped. Based on depth traces from the tags, only seven were detected at the end of the lake and confirmed to make it through. Despite the behaviour of the salmon smolts mostly matching with predictions of the risk allocation hypothesis, it seems a large share of the tagged smolts succumbed to predation.
A new class of hybrid EoS with multiple critical endpoints for simulations of supernovae, neutron stars and their mergers
Authors: Ivanytskyi O. , Blaschke D.
Published: August 2022

We introduce a family of equations of state (EoS) for hybrid neutron star (NS) matter that is obtained by a two-zone parabolic interpolation between a soft hadronic EoS at low densities and a stiff quark matter EoS with color superconductivity at high densities within a finite region of baryonic chemical potentials $$\mu _B^h< \mu _B < \mu _B^q$$

μ
B
h

<

μ
B

<

μ
B
q

. We consider two scenarios corresponding to a cross-over and a strong first-order transition between quark and hadron phases considered at finite and zero temperatures. This allows us to analyze the effects of finite entropy on the EoS and mass-radius relation of NS. We demonstrate that the formation of a color superconducting state of quark matter drives the evolution of matter in supernovae explosions under the condition of entropy conservation to higher temperatures than in the case of deconfinement to normal quark matter. Within the presented hybrid EoS scenario, regions of the QCD phase diagram may be accessible to supernovae and NS mergers that can be reached also in terrestrial experiments with relativistic heavy ion collisions.
Numerical and analytical results of the 1D BBM equation and 2D coupled BBM-system by finite element method
Authors: Wu Wenjie , Manafian Jalil , Ali Khalid K. , Karakoc Seydi Battal Gazi , Taqi Abbas H. , Mahmoud Muhannad A.
Published: August 2022

In this paper, the numerical solutions are proposed for the 1D Benjamin–Bona–Mahony (BBM) equation and 2D coupled BBM system by using Galerkin finite element technique. In this regard, the cubic B-splines and linear triangular elements are used, respectively. In 1D space, a proposed numerical scheme is implemented to a test problem including the motion of a single solitary solution. To verify practicality and robustness of our new procedure, the error norms [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and three constants [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are evaluated. Stability analysis of the linearized technique indicates that it is unconditionally stable. Moreover, a tsunami wave in 2D space is used to investigate the efficiency of the considered method. Also, the improved [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] function technique (IThChT) and the combined [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] function technique (ITCT) are obtained in the mentioned BBM equation. The presented methods are seen to be robust, impressive and economical to employment as compared to the existing finite difference techniques and other earlier papers for discovering the numerical solutions for numerous types of linear and nonlinear PDEs.
Analysis of Ensemble Classification of Twitter Sentiments Using New Dependency Tree Based Approach
Authors: Uma M. , Florence S. Metilda , Jesi V. Elizabeth , Anand M. , Raymond V. Joseph
Published: August 2022

The vast amount of data available on social media and microblogs can be a valuable resource for mining opinions or for analyzing the overall mood of the public. This helps in identifying potential customers, exploring market trends and predicting events. Analyzing twitter data is comparatively difficult due to the large amount of irregularities present in tweets. Many approaches that use sentiment dictionaries and machine learning have been proposed until now. In this paper, we present a new feature that is extracted using dependency parsing and an emotion lexicon. This feature, along with n-grams, syntactic n-grams and lexicon-based features, is used to classify the tweets. We also use custom dictionaries to identify slang words, SMS short forms, emoticons and word contractions. The performance of various classification algorithms and ensemble techniques is compared. Our results show that the new feature along with the ensemble framework improves sentiment classification.
Is ethical computing ready to grow up?
Authors: Blumenthal Richard
Published: August 2022

Recently, I've been thinking about differences in the treatment of ethics across the computing, business, legal, and medical disciplines/professions. Each of these professions appears to be concerned that its practitioners act ethically with associated codes of conduct and educational coursework focused on providing students with exposure to the ethical behaviors expected of future practitioners. However, these disciplines also appear to differ in the approach to ethics upon becoming a professional.
Regional Economic Differences and Coordinated Development Based on Panel Data Model
Authors: Tan Wenken , Lv Yanyan
Published: August 2022

The imbalance of the regional economy is not only a problem that cannot be ignored in the process of regional development but also an inevitable problem. This problem will be affected not only by its own development but also by government intervention. Since the reform and opening-up, China’s economy has been growing rapidly. At the same time, the problem of regional economic imbalance is also extremely prominent. Jiangxi Province is close to the developed areas in the East, and its economy is also developing rapidly. At the same time, Jiangxi Province also shows an increasingly serious problem of regional economic imbalance. Therefore, the author proposes to study the problem of regional economic disequilibrium in Jiangxi Province to provide reliable suggestions for the development of the economy of Jiangxi Province. To analyze the regional economic differences among several prefecture-level cities in Jiangxi Province, we first calculate the standard deviation of GDP per capita and the population-weighted coefficient of variation in Jiangxi Province and then perform the geographical decomposition and industrial decomposition to obtain the Taylor index and Gini coefficient. Finally, qualitative and quantitative analyses were conducted to calculate the magnitude of each index factor on the economic growth of the north and south regions of Jiangxi Province, and corresponding countermeasure suggestions were proposed based on the research results. The results show that the research results of this paper are beneficial to the countermeasures for the coordinated development of the regional economy in Jiangxi Province.
Femoral Valgus Correction Angle for the Intramedullary Alignment Rod Is Strongly Associated with Femoral Lateral Bowing in Japanese Patients with Varus Knee Osteoarthritis Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Hattori Yosuke , Asai Nobuyuki , Mori Shotaro , Ikuta Ken , Kazama Yusuke , Iesaki Yusuke , Takahashi Shimpei , Kaneko Atsushi , Sato Tomotaro
Published: August 2022

Background. This study aimed to investigate factors, such as differences in femoral shape, that could affect the femoral valgus correction angle (VCA) for the intramedullary alignment rod (IM rod) by using a three-dimensional (3D) measurement system in patients with varus knee osteoarthritis undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods. A total of 305 knees in 233 Japanese patients with varus knee osteoarthritis who underwent primary TKA by using Jig Engaged 3D Pre-Operative Planning Software for the TKA operation support system was examined. We retrospectively analysed factors, such as the shape of the proximal, middle, and distal femur in the coronal plane, all of which could affect the VCA for the IM rod, by multiple linear regression analyses. Results. The VCA for the IM rod was 5.9° ± 1.6° (range: 1.7° to 10.7°), and the femoral lateral bowing angle (FBA) was 3.5° ± 3.2°. Major factors independently associated with the VCA for the IM rod were the FBA (β: 0.75), femoral offset (β: 0.38), and the medial angle between the mechanical femoral axis and the line that connects the distal margins of the medial and lateral femoral condyles (β: −0.16). The model was created by stepwise multiple linear regression (F = 266.6,

p
<
0.001

, and estimated effect size = 4.4) explained 85% of the variance in the VCA for the IM rod (R2 = 0.85). Conclusions. The VCA for the IM rod was most strongly associated with femoral lateral bowing in patients with varus knee osteoarthritis undergoing TKA. Our findings suggest that preoperatively measuring the VCA for the IM rod in patients with femoral lateral bowing by using a 3D measurement system could be useful for accurate coronal alignment of the femoral component in TKA.
Automation Design and Organization Innovation of Manufacturing Enterprises Based on the Internet of Things
Authors: Qilin Wang , Yue Zhao
Published: August 2022

The Internet of Things manufacturing technology is an important symbol for measuring the level of a country’s scientific and technological development. Enterprises that apply the Internet of Things manufacturing technology represent the level of a country’s industrial development to a large extent. However, the introduction of IoT manufacturing technology will not automatically generate benefits. It needs to be matched with a suitable organizational structure to maximize the advantages of IoT manufacturing technology. The enterprise organization structure has always been the focus of enterprise organization research and management research. From the linear system to the network organization, the innovation of enterprise organizational structure has never stopped. Therefore, the research on the organizational structure innovation of IoT manufacturing technology enterprises has strong theoretical and practical significance. This study conducted an empirical study on the impact of organizational innovation climate and individual innovation behavior on organizational structure innovation in IoT manufacturing technology enterprises in the form of a questionnaire survey. The structural equation model of organizational innovation climate and personal innovation behavior is proposed, the data and questionnaires are statistically and factorially analyzed by software such as SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 7.0, and the hypothesized structural equation model is verified.
Pediatric Cerebral Meningioma: A Single-Center Study with 10 Children Not Associated with Neurofibromatosis Type 2 and Literature Review
Authors: Opoku Isabella , Yang Liu , Sun Peng , Zhou Mading , Liu Yutong , Ren Jian , Du Jianxin , Feng Ling , Zeng Gao
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Pediatric meningiomas (PMs) are rare tumors; they differ from their adult counterparts by their atypicality of location, higher rates of malignant change, male preponderance, recurrence, and sometimes, their association with neurofibromatosis. This case series analyzes the clinical behavior, pathological presentation, location, and its association with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2). Methods: This case series consists of pediatric patients between the ages of 4 and 16 years who were hospitalized in the neurosurgical department of our hospital from 2012 to 2021 with different neurological symptoms and a literature review using the PubMed/MEDLINE database. Results: Sixty percent of the patients were males, while 40% were females. The most common neurological manifestations were signs of increased intracranial pressure. NF2 was absent in all patients. The predominant histopathology subtypes are atypical and WHO grade II, representing 30% and 40%, respectively. Conclusion: This study supports the relationship between NF2 and pediatric cerebral meningioma but at a lower concomitant rate from 0 to 13%, taking into consideration our original data and the literature review, contrasting some reported cases, which suggest rates as high as 33%, 50%, and 100% in a very small number of patients. Gross total resection without postoperative radiation therapy for nonmalignant and non-NF2-associated PM proved to be a sufficient and a good treatment option.
Cardiovascular and Renal Implications of Myocardial Infarction in the ISCHEMIA-CKD Trial
Authors: Chaitman Bernard R. , Cyr Derek D. , Alexander Karen P. , Pracoń Radosław , Bainey Kevin R. , Mathew Anoop , Acharya Anjali , Kunichoff Dennis F. , Fleg Jerome L. , Lopes Renato D. , Sidhu Mandeep S. , Anthopolos Rebecca , Rockhold Frank W. , Stone Gregg W. , Maron David J. , Hochman Judith S. , Bangalore Sripal
Published: August 2022

Background:

ISCHEMIA-CKD (International Study of Comparative Health Effectiveness With Medical and Invasive Approaches—Chronic Kidney Disease) reported an initial invasive treatment strategy did not reduce the risk of death or nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) compared with a conservative treatment strategy in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease, stable coronary disease, and moderate or severe myocardial ischemia. The cumulative frequency of different MI type after randomization and subsequent prognosis have not been reported.

Methods:

MI classification was based on the Third Universal Definition for MI. For procedural MI, the primary MI definition used creatine kinase-MB as the preferred biomarker, whereas the secondary MI definition used cTn (cardiac troponin); both definitions included elevated biomarker-only events with higher thresholds than nonprocedural MIs. The cumulative frequency of MI type according to treatment strategy was determined. The association of MI with subsequent all-cause death and new dialysis initiation was assessed by treating MI as a time-dependent covariate.

Results:

The 3-year incidence of type 1 or 2 MI with the primary MI definition was 11.2% in invasive treatment strategy and 13.6% in conservative treatment strategy (hazard ratio [HR], 0.66 [95% CI, 0.42–1.02]). Procedural MIs were more frequent in invasive treatment strategy and accounted for 9.8% and 28.3% of all MIs with the primary and secondary MI definitions, respectively. Patients had an increased risk of all-cause death after type 1 MI (adjusted HR, 4.35 [95% CI, 2.73–6.93]) and after procedural MI with the primary (adjusted HR, 2.75 [95% CI, 0.99–7.60]) and secondary MI definitions (adjusted HR, 2.91 [95% CI, 1.73–4.88]). Dialysis initiation was increased after a type 1 MI (HR, 6.45 [95% CI, 2.59–16.08]) compared with patients without an MI.

Conclusions:

In ISCHEMIA-CKD, the invasive treatment strategy had higher rates of procedural MIs, particularly with the secondary MI definition, and lower rates of type 1 and 2 MIs. Procedural MIs, type 1 MIs, and type 2 MIs were associated with increased risk of subsequent death. Type 1 MI increased the risk of dialysis initiation.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT01985360.
Who Punishes Leaders for Lying About the Use of Force? Evaluating The Microfoundations of Domestic Deception Costs
Authors: Yarhi-Milo Keren , Ribar David T.
Published: August 2022

It is a common stereotype that leaders lie, but for all our beliefs about how normal it is for a president to lie to the public we know next to nothing about how voters might actually view this conduct. Drawing from literature in behavioral economics, we theorize that voters apply their attitudes towards interpersonal lies when judging leaders, with people who see lying as more socially acceptable being less willing to punish leaders for exhibiting this behavior. Using a novel vignette-style survey experiment, we find strong support for our theory: despite widespread willingness to punish leaders who lie, individuals high in Machiavellianism and Self-Monitoring are far less willing to punish presidents for lying than their low-type peers, and in some cases do not punish at all. Using robustness checks and causal mediation analysis, we confirm that views regarding the moral acceptability of lying drive responses to presidential deception.
Translanguaging and Trans-Semiotizing for Critical Integration of Content and Language in Plurilingual Educational Settings
Authors: Sohn Bong-gi , dos Santos Pedro , Lin Angel M. Y.
Published: August 2022

Arising in Europe in the early 1990s, content and language integrated learning (CLIL) has become a popular educational approach. CLIL involves a dual focus on content and language learning with an additional language used as the medium of instruction. Although CLIL has received much attention and spread widely around the world, there is limited discussion that critically examines CLIL in relation to its core construct of integration between content and language learning. In particular, the phrasing of ‘content and language integrated learning’ gestures towards viewing language and content as separate entities. With these fundamental issues in mind, we discuss ways in which translanguaging pedagogies can provide a fruitful direction towards a critical integration of content and language learning in multilingual settings. With a view to contributing to a dynamic integration of content and language learning, we argue that CLIL pedagogies informed by translanguaging allow fluidity in meaning-making practices and critically re-examine the construct of language in CLIL. This approach responds to recent calls for more critical approaches to CLIL in order to challenge ‘English-only’/target-language-only pedagogies, ‘native-(English-)speakerism’, and unequal power relations between content and language teachers in many CLIL programs. Implications of this approach to CLIL classrooms in diverse settings are also discussed.
Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio associated with the clinicopathological features and prognostic value of breast cancer: A meta-analysis
Authors: Gong Zhixun , Xin Ruomei , Li Long , Lv Liping , Wu Xinni
Published: August 2022

The association of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) with the clinicopathological features and prognosis in patients with breast cancer was evaluated. Related studies were searched from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science up to July 1, 2021. Then, basic characteristic and prognostic data were extracted from the included studies. We synthesized and compared primary outcomes such as overall survival. Subgroups analyses in pathology, geographical area, follow-up time, and sample size were conducted. The pooled hazard ratio (HR), odds ratio (OR), and 95% confidence interval (CI) served as measures to assess the relationship of PLR with prognosis and clinicopathological features of breast cancer patients. After literature retrieval and selection, 20 studies with 7484 patients were included in this meta-analysis. High PLR was significantly related to poor overall survival (HR = 1.88; 95% CI 1.61, 2.19; P < 0.001) in breast cancer patients. Also, high PLR was associated with lymph node metastasis (LNM) (OR = 1.82; 95% CI 1.32, 2.52; P < 0.001), advanced tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage (OR = 1.89; 95% CI 1.25, 2.87; P = 0.003), and distant metastasis (OR = 1.76; 95% CI 1.14, 2.72; P = 0.01) in breast cancer. The stability and reliability of results in this meta-analysis were confirmed by sensitivity analysis. Elevated PLR is related to a poor prognosis and a higher risk of LNM, advanced TNM stage, and distant metastasis in breast cancer patients. Therefore, PLR can be identified as a biomarker with potential prognostic value in breast cancer.
YouTube It Before You Buy It: The Role of Parasocial Interaction in Consumer-to-Consumer Video Reviews
Authors: Penttinen Valeria , Ciuchita Robert , Čaić Martina
Published: August 2022

Consumer-to-consumer (C2C) online reviews are important sources of information that help consumers decide which products and services to buy. Although C2C reviews in video format (e.g., on YouTube) have become increasingly popular, research remains focused primarily on textual reviews. This article emphasizes the importance of C2C video reviews in influencing consumer outcomes through parasocial interaction, a special—albeit one-sided—connection with reviewers. Interactivity and self-disclosure are suggested as online communication techniques reviewers can use to foster parasocial interaction with their viewers in a single encounter. Parasocial interaction is further established as a psychological mechanism that underlines the impacts of interactivity and self-disclosure on source credibility, leading to improved consumer purchase intentions. The authors also propose that strong parasocial interaction with reviewers exerts a particularly powerful influence on the purchase decisions of consumers who experience low levels of decision confidence, while arguing for the importance of C2C video reviews in guiding the decisions of various consumer groups. Research recommendations reveal how managers can encourage consumers to create and share video reviews on different platforms and offer guidance on the ways companies can foster parasocial interaction through firm-related marketing communications.
Fighting for Masculine Hegemony: Contestation between Alt-Right and White Nationalist Masculinities on Stormfront
Authors: Sunderland Jillian
Published: August 2022

The alt-right community serves as a gateway into the white nationalist movement. However, more research is needed on how the alt-right’s virulent misogyny interfaces with white nationalist masculinity premised on patriarchal protection of white femininity. This study addresses this question through a qualitative analysis of a white nationalist forum, Stormfront.org, and finds two masculine strategies vying for site dominance. These two gender strategies draw on different movement ideologies, white nationalist or alt-right. Users battle over the prime adversary used to construct movement identity and mobilize against. I argue forum conflict reveals that defining a central adversary is necessary for a masculine social movement to achieve a collective “movement masculinity” through a unification of goals and strategies. These findings contribute to research on masculinity and social movements by showcasing that not only is there diversity in extreme-right masculinity but that there is significant contestation over different masculine strategies.
Radioactive seed localization of foreign body
Authors: Hylenius Sine , Uldall Wei , Qvamme Gro , Kroman Niels
Published: August 2022

Radioactive seed localization is a method widely used within breast cancer treatment. This case represents a 43-year-old male patient with a foreign body in his left axilla. We used radioactive seed localization for marking the foreign body, which made the subsequent surgery possible, quick, and minimal invasive.
Auditory Cuteness in Sports Podcasting: A New Lookism?
Authors: Yang Dongdong , Atkin David J. , Mudrick Michael , Qin Yuren
Published: August 2022

A major challenge facing female sportscasters resides in their being frequently judged based on physical appearance. However, little is known about the influence of audience perceptions of female sports podcasters’ physical attractiveness when their image is unavailable. Drawing from source credibility and social role theories, the present study employed a posttest-only quasi-experimental design to examine whether Chinese female sports podcasters’ auditory cuteness influences audience perceptions of their credibility, information satisfaction, and podcast continuance intentions. Results demonstrate that female podcaster auditory cuteness is positively connected with audience information satisfaction and perceived attractiveness, both of which further predict perceived expertise. Moreover, audience gender role beliefs dampen their perceived expertise, which along with information satisfaction, is positively associated with podcast continuance intentions. Finally, stronger gender role believers rely more on perceived attractiveness when rating the female sportscaster’s expertise—and less on perceived expertise—when evaluating their podcast continuance intentions.
Association of multi-morbidity, social participation, functional and mental health with the self-rated health of middle-aged and older adults in India: a study based on LASI wave-1
Authors: Rana Gursimran Singh , Shukla Anandi , Mustafa Akif , Bramhankar Mahadev , Rai Balram , Pandey Mohit , Mishra Nand Lal
Published: August 2022

Self-rated health (SRH) is a well-established measure in public health to administer the general health of an individual. It can also be used to assess overall health status’ relationship with the social, physical, and mental health of a person. In this study, we examine the association of SRH and various socio-economic & health-related factors such as multi-morbidity status, mental health, functional health, and social participation. Data used in this paper is collated from the first wave of Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) 2017-18. A total of 65,562 older adults aged 45 or above are considered in our study. Various indices (multimorbidity, social participation, functional and mental health) have been created to measure factors influencing the SRH of an individual. Overall, in the study population, around 18.4% of people reported poor SRH. Dominance Analysis results show that the contribution of multimorbidity in predicting poor SRH is highest, followed by functional health, mental health, and social participation. In a developing country like India, there is a dire need for policies having a holistic approach regarding the health and well-being of the older population.