bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perturbative and Non-perturbative Aspects of the Chern-Simons-Witten Theory
Authors: Wardaya Asep Yoyo , Zen Freddy P. , Kosasih Jusak S , Triyanta Triyanta
Published: February 2022

We investigate a relation between non-perturbative and perturbative cases in the 2+1 dimensional Chern-Simons-Witten (CSW) theory for G = E6 gauge group. In the perturbative case, we calculate the vacuum expectation value (VEV) of an unknotted Wilson loop operator up to order 1/k3 (k is a coupling constant). The result above is proved to be identical to the polynomial invariant E0 (ρ) in the non-perturbative case at the same order of expansion.
An Advanced Energy System Using a Small Fast Reactor as an Energy Source
Authors: Kato Yasuyoshi , Muto Y. , Ishizuka Takao , Nikitin N. , Utamura M.
Published: February 2022

An advanced energy system has been proposed that involves a supercritical carbon dioxide gas turbine fast reactor (S-CO2 FR) as a dispersed energy source, a new waste-heat recovery system from the FR, and a bioconversion system using the recovered waste heat. The FR with S-CO2 gas turbine achieves higher cycle efficiency than conventional sodium-cooled FRs with steam turbines, eliminating problems of conventional FRs related to safety, plant maintenance, and construction costs. The S-CO2 FR consumes minor actinide elements produced in light water reactors as fuel, thereby reducing long-lived radioactive wastes and environmental loads imparted by long-term geological disposal. The recovered waste heat is used for methane and methanol production through fermentation of human and animal wastes in cities and farms. The methane and methanol are easily transported and can accommodate demand changes; they are useful as fuel of fuel cells, automobiles, and gas turbine power plants. The total energy utilization efficiency in electricity and heat is estimated to be higher than 85%, contributing to saving of energy resources and reduction of greenhouse-gas emissions. Consumption of the waste products of cities and farms for production of methane and methanol fosters a recycling society. Compact and high-performance microchannel heat exchangers are used in the S-CO2 FR, the new waste-heat recovery system and the fermentation system.
A Preliminary Result of Seismoelectric Responses Study on Shallow Fluid-Saturated Layer: Numerical Modeling Using Transfer Function Approach
Authors: Singarimbun Alamta , Mahardika Harry , Srigutomo Wahyu , Fauzi Umar
Published: February 2022

Seismoelectric phenomena occurs when a seismic wave propagating in a fluid-saturated medium and crossing an interface of different fluid-saturated mediums that induces electrical field or cause radiation of an electromagnetic wave where only the electric part is being measured. In this paper, we present our research progress on seismoelectric imaging of shallow fluid-saturated layers. The progress mainly discusses on our finite-difference algorithm which provides an alternative method to simulate seismic wave propagation in fluid saturated porous media generating electric fields through an electrokinetic mechanism called seismoelectric coupling. The target of this numerical simulation is to see whether the seismoelectric responses of coseismic field and interface boundary effect can be image on the seismoelectrogram. The simulation begins with the calculation of seismic displacement by using the classical homogeneous formulation. Next, we calculate the seismoelectric responses using the seismoelectric transfer function. The algorithm is then used to simulate seismoelectric responses created from various conditions of finite-infinite and finite-infinite sand-clay model, surface to downhole and crosshole configurations.
Feasibility Design Study of Long Life BWR with Natural Uranium/Thorium as Fuel Cycle Input
Authors: Su'ud Zaki , Kurniadi Rijal , SNM Rida , Zuhair Zuhair
Published: February 2022

Feasibility design study of Long Life BWR with natural uranium/thorium as fuel cycle input has been performed. The reactor core is divided into 6 equal regions in radial direction. The fresh fuel is first loaded into the most outer region then shifted to the center of the core, and from there shifted to the nearby region in the outward direction. Nitride fuel is employed in the core to get better criticality and conversion/breeding ratio. The results show that uranium fuel combined with low moderating ratio environment is superior to make the system critical.
Bounds on the Higgs mass in the standard model for one-loop and two-loop effective potentials and their perturbative validity
Authors: Pal Partha Pratim , Chakraborty Subrata
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this paper is to obtain the bounds on the Higgs mass in the Standard Model for one and two–loops Higgs potential, which includes the contributions of scalar, vector and fermion loops at one –loop and two-loop levels for a bound on the coupling constant λ given in the work of P. Kielanowski and S.R.Juarez W as 0.369 ≤ λ ≤ 0.613. On the basis of these studies, we obtain the upper and lower bounds on the Higgs mass as 143 GeV ≤ mH ≤ 200 GeV. These results will be very useful to LHC experiments for the detection of the Higgs particle and are matching with the results obtained by a few contemporary workers. We also find that the condition for perturbative validity given by Miller is satisfied, when the Higgs mass is calculated perturbatively from the effective potential given by the mass less φ 4 theory at one and two-loop level.
Comparison of Analytical Method and Different Finite Element Models for the Calculation of Leakage Inductance in Zigzag Transformers
Authors: Dawood Kamran , Isik Fatih , Komurgoz Guven
Published: February 2022

A zigzag transformer is a key segment of the electric power system. The optimal design of the zigzag transformer is important for transformer designers to provide a required return path for earth faults and to ensure proper operation of a power system. The two most important parameters of the zigzag transformers are no-load losses and leakage impedance. The accurate calculation of both factors helps to minimize the overall cost of the transformer. Therefore, the prediction of leakage reactance in the zigzag transformer using analytical or numerical methods is an essential part of the early designing stages of the transformer. This paper provides several two- and three-dimensional finite element models. The main purpose of these models is to evaluate the accuracy of the different models for the calculation of the leakage reactance. An analytical formula and a complete procedure for the calculation of the leakage reactance in the zigzag transformer are also provided, which will help the researchers and transformer designer to optimize this type of transformer. The prototype is also manufactured and tested to verify the accuracy of the analytical method and finite element models for the calculation of the leakage reactance. The simulation and experimental results show that the finite element calculation cannot only obtain accurate leakage reactance values (magnetostatic analysis), but also provides better accuracy in the no-load losses (transient analysis).
Comparative Study of the Physiochemical Composition and Techno-Functional Properties of Two Extracted Acorn Starches
Authors: Zarroug Youkabed , Boulares Mouna , Sfayhi Dorra , Slimi Bechir
Published: February 2022

Due to the increase of search for new promising ingredients with interesting properties to develop new industrial food products, the valorization of undervalued resources became a challenge. Considering this, various species of genus Quercus acorns represent new resources of highly-valued food ingredients such as starch which encourage its extraction and valorization in food industries. In this regard, collected data from the literature provide an evidence review on the physiochemical and techno-functional properties of different acorn starches extracted from Tunisian species, especially; Quercus ilex L. and Quercus suber L. The reported data on X-ray diffraction analysis are, also, discussed. Data highlighted the possibility of using the extracted Quercus starches to develop new functional food products and improve technological properties and shelf life of products solicited by consumers.
Micro-Thermoelectric Generators: Material Synthesis, Device Fabrication, and Application Demonstration
Authors: Van Toan Nguyen , Thi Kim Tuoi Truong , Huu Trung Nguyen , Fadzli Samat Khairul , Van Hieu Nguyen , Ono Takahito
Published: February 2022

Micro-thermoelectric generator (TEG) possesses a great potential for powering wireless Internet of Things (IoT) sensing systems due to its capability of harvesting thermal energy into usable electricity. Herein, this work reviews the progress in recent studies on the micro-TEG, including material synthesis, device fabrication, and application demonstration. Thermoelectric materials are synthesized by the electrochemical deposition method. Three kinds of high-performance thermoelectric materials, including thick bulk-like thermoelectric material, Pt nanoparticles embedded in a thermoelectric material, and Ni-doped thermoelectric material, are presented. Besides the material synthesis, novel fabrication methods for micro-TEG can also help increase its output power and power density significantly. Two fabrication processes, micro/nano fabrication technology and assembly technology, are investigated to produce high-performance micro-TEG. Moreover, the fabircated micro-TEG as a power source for portable and wearable electronic devices has been demonstrated successfully.
The Use of NDVI and NDBI to Provide Subsidies to Public Manager’s Decision Making on Maintaining the Thermal Comfort in Urban Areas
Authors: Santos Arthur , Santil Fernando , Silva Claudionor
Published: February 2022

The use of physical indexes such as NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetacion Index) and NDBI (Normalized Difference Built-up Index), related to the variation of Surface Temperature (LST), have been widely used as support for mapping and monitoring land use and occupation, mainly in urban centers, due to, among other factors, changes in the energy balance and, consequently, increase heat of cities. Thus, this study approaches the urban space of the municipality of Paracatu, Minas Gerais (MG) and aims to verify urban growth, through the variation of NDVI, NDBI and LST, between the years 1990 and 2019 by using images of the LANDSAT-5 and LANDSAT-8 satellites. As a final result, an urbanization map of the municipality was obtained, and it was possible to verify that these indexes were adequate to size the environmental impact caused by disordered urbanization, since the degradation of vegetation caused in the area was responsible for reducing and/or increasing the values recorded by the indexes. In addition, the results made it possible to identify areas with higher and lower temperature variations, causing the agility of decision-making and the development of projects that meet the peculiarities of each sector of the city.
XEFGM Fracture Analysis of Functionally Graded Materials under Mixed Mode and Asymmetric Loading
Authors: A. Saleh Nathera , Khazal Haider
Published: February 2022

This research describes crack analysis in the functionally graded materials (FGMs) by adopting the extended element free Galerkin method (XEFGM) under mixed mode and asymmetric loading. These loads are somewhat similar to fatigue loads because, numerically, they are load values from zero and then directly to the critical load. The meshfree method can be easily simulated the fracture problems against the traditional numerical method because it is not dependent on mesh. Triangles technique in the process of numerical integration at regions of discontinuity, functions of enrichment, and as well as the appropriate support field to contain numerical points and nodes to from the shape functions are used in this study. In addition, incompatible interaction integration technique has used to determine the stress intensity factors (SIFs). Two study cases with different crack positions were studied and compared with the experimental works of the relevant reference literature, where accurate and identical results were obtained.
Sustainable Housing in Developing Countries: A Reality or a Mirage
Authors: Saliu Ibiwumi , Akiomon Evangelisca
Published: February 2022

Efficient houses built in a way that respect resources and could last long in quality systems are said to be the way forward in achieving a low carbon footprint and a sustainable environment. These houses are constructed from high performance, energy saving materials with an energy maximizing building orientations. Findings have shown that as much as housing is a basic human need, in developing countries, around 40–75% of the population in fast growing cities is housed in squatter settlements without basic amenities and services. In sub-Saharan Africa, 59% of the populations in urban regions live in slums, about 30% in the Latin and Caribbean, 28% in Asia and Pacific region. Population migrate massively to big cities in search of green pastures, which has invariably turned green pastures into ‘brown’ if not ‘red’ pastures due to overcrowding and other social menace, turning houses to mere shelters. Energy efficiency or environmental friendly housing is far from the thoughts of dwellers which still crave to have or maintain a roof over their heads. Whereas government policies are majorly jeered towards constructing houses, if sustainable, would only be affordable for a few well to do population neglecting the homeless masses. Therefore, this chapter aims to expound on the situation of housing in developing countries as well as the possibility of achieving sustainable housing.
Advances in Fatigue Prediction Techniques
Authors: Kumar Sachin , Gaur Vidit
Published: February 2022

Fatigue is the prevalent mode of failure in engineering components made from metals. It occurs when the component is undergone fluctuating stresses. It leads to failure in metal structures because of damage accumulation. Therefore fatigue analysis of these structures is vital to ensure service reliability during the real operation. Among various simulation tools available to determine the fatigue life and mechanical behavior of metals and metallic components, the Crystal Plasticity Finite Element Method (CPFEM) has gained wide attention to analyze the microstructural attributes. Owing to the versatility of CPFEM in analyzing the fatigue properties of various metals and alloys, this chapter is aimed to examine and document the state-of-the-art research outcomes linked to fatigue behavior using CPFEM tool. The CPFEM is expected to accelerate the research progress to discover novel metals and alloys with better fatigue properties. For structural welds, estimating fatigue life depends on the material characteristics, object geometry, and applied loads. An in-depth analysis of stress concentrations across the affected areas of welds is vital for calculating fatigue response.
Chemical Signaling in Bovines: Understanding the Behavior and Way of Communication
Authors: Ahmad Shafi Tawheed , Ferozoddin Siddiqui Md. , Ahmad Wani Aejaz
Published: February 2022

Chemical signals that mediate communication within animals of a species have been referred to as ‘pheromone’ a Greek word comprised of ‘pheran’ (means to transfer) and ‘hormon’ (to excite). These chemical messengers are transported outside the body and have a direct developmental effect on hormone levels and behavior, and therefore, have a potential role in modulating animal behavior and reproductive management. The sources of these chemical messengers are urine, vaginal secretions, feces, saliva, milk, sweat, breath and specialized cutaneous glands including the odor produced from hair and wool. After their release, are perceived through the olfactory system, eliciting both behavioral and endocrine responses characterized by profound effects on reproductive activity via the hypothalamic system that generates pulses of gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Their potential to transform the animal behavior and reproduction management has led to development and use of synthetic pheromones to manipulate estrous cycle, enhance estrous behavior, determination of time of estrus, and also facilitating collection of semen. Pheromones can act as a marker to detect estrus, diagnosing early pregnancy in farm animals and used for improving sexual desire. There is huge scope of application of pheromones once chemically synthesized and characterized, and would be of great interest to livestock owners and consumers. This chapter will discuss in detail the role of chemical signaling in shaping the behavior, reproduction and understanding the ways of communication in bovines.
CINEPET NA QUARENTENA
Authors: Melo Laís Batista , Alencar Maria da Glória Serra Pinto de
Published: February 2022

O relato de experiência aqui presente destaca o impacto da COVID-19 na realização do planejamento acadêmico do PET Biblioteconomia no ano de 2020, em específico, a exibição de filmes para debates enquanto um espaço de reflexão sobre pautas sociopolíticas. O documento tem como objetivo geral demonstrar as adaptações requeridas durante as atividades, a realização de eventos em espaço virtual e a importância da pesquisa e divulgação científica em período de quarentena, e como específicos, identificar e caracterizar as pautas extraídas do audiovisual enquanto composição de material para debate. A metodologia utilizada é baseada nas concepções adquiridas através das bibliografias indicadas e na observação da abordagem adaptativa no evento. Conclui-se que a realização do CinePET no contexto adaptativo de pandemia e quarentena proporcionou um novo olhar sobre a valorização da pesquisa científica no Brasil e a importância das mídias e tecnologias para produção e disseminação de informação.
El desarrollo de las capacidades desde el ocio familiar
Authors: Álvarez Muñoz José Santiago , Hernández Prados Mª Ángeles
Published: February 2022

There is currently an educational trend focused on the development of human abilities, both cognitive and non-cognitive, which seeks to identify the aspects that contribute to their acquisition and consolidation. Along these lines, the aim is to find out the potential of family leisure time ascribed by adolescents for the development of learning skills. To this end, the final questionnaire was applied to 1054 students from 9 secondary schools in Murcia, and the variable family leisure skills is analysed on the basis of the results of the exploratory factor analysis which allows differentiation into three types of skills: academic, organisational and relational, observing the predominance of the last two over the first. The results show that adolescents in private-subsidised schools attribute more skills to family leisure than those in public schools. We conclude that there is a need to promote family leisure for educational purposes in order to improve creativity, attention, memory and emotional intelligence, bringing academic activities closer to a time of family enjoyment, free of tension and stress.

Actualmente existe una tendencia educativa centrada en el desarrollo de las capacidades del ser humano, tanto cognitivas como no cognitivas, que trata de identificar los aspectos que contribuyen a su adquisición y consolidación. En esta línea, se pretende conocer el potencial de ocio familiar que le atribuyen los adolescentes para el desarrollo de las capacidades de aprendizaje. Para ello se aplicó el cuestionario final a 1054 estudiantes de 9 centros murcianos de educación secundaria, y se analiza la variable capacidades del ocio familiar a partir de los resultados del análisis factorial exploratorio que permite diferenciar en tres tipos de capacidades: académicas, organizativas y relacionales, observando el predominio de las dos últimas sobre la primera. Los resultados muestran que los adolescentes de centros concertados-privados atribuyen más capacidades al ocio familiar que los que cursan en los públicos. Se concluye la necesidad de promover un ocio familiar con fines educativos en la mejora de la creatividad, atención, memoria e inteligencia emocional, aproximando lo académico a un tiempo de disfrute familiar, libre de tensiones y de estrés.
Factores personales en la percepción hacia las tecnologías de información y comunicación que influyen en la competencia digital en docentes de posgrado
Authors: Arispe Alburqueque Claudia Milagros , Yangali Vicente Judith
Published: February 2022

The objective was to determine the personal factors in the perception of ICT that influence DC in graduate teachers. Quantitative, correlational and non-experimental study. The sample was 144 teachers. Three instruments were used: a data collection sheet for personal factors, the teachers' perception questionnaire towards ICT and a questionnaire to assess digital skills in teachers, all three validated by 10 expert judgments with a V for Aiken of excellent (100%) and a reliability by means of Cronbach's Alpha of 0.97 and 0.94 for the questionnaire of perception of teachers towards ICT and the questionnaire of digital competences in teachers respectively. An ordinal regression model was used, statistical significance was sought based on p-value <0.05. Results: The personal factors in the perception towards ICT that influence the teaching digital competence are the programs where they teach: master's degrees and the male sex, which according to the Cramer's V statistic have a moderate strength of association. It is concluded that personal factors in the perception of ICTs do influence the digital competence of teachers postgraduate teachers.

El objetivo fue determinar los factores personales en la percepción hacia las TIC que influyen en la CD en docentes de posgrado. Estudio cuantitativo, correlacional y no experimental. La muestra fue 144 docentes. Se utilizaron tres instrumentos: una ficha de recolección de datos para factores personales, el cuestionario de percepción de los docentes hacia las TIC y un cuestionario para evaluar las competencias digitales en los docentes, los tres validados por 10 juicio de expertos con una V de Aiken de excelente (100%) y una confiabilidad mediante Alfa de Cronbach de 0,97 y 0,94 para el cuestionario de percepción de los docentes hacia las TIC y el cuestionario de competencias digitales en los docentes respectivamente. Se utilizó un modelo de regresión ordinal, se buscó significancia estadística en base a p-valor<0,05. Resultados: Los factores personales en la percepción hacia las TIC que influyen en la competencia digital docente son los programas donde imparten la docencia: maestrías y el sexo masculino que según el estadístico V de Cramer tienen una fuerza de asociación moderada. Se concluye que los factores personales en la en la percepción hacia las TIC si influyen en la competencia digital docente.
Unilateral blaschkoid lichen planus
Authors: Borowska Katarzyna , Brzeziński Piotr
Published: February 2022

Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disease that affects the skin, oral and/or genital mucosa, scalp, and nails. The linear variety of LP can simply be a result of Koebner’s phenomenon, segmental LP or zosteriform LP. We present a case of a 55-year-old patient with unilateral blaschkoid lichen planus. LP in a Blaschkoid distribution is rare with only some case reports published till date.
Double phase problems: a survey of some recent results
Authors: Papageorgiou Nikolaos S.
Published: February 2022

We review some recent results on double phase problems. We focus on the relevant function space framework, which is provided by the generalized Orlicz spaces. We also describe the basic tools and methods used to deal with double phase problems, given that there is no global regularity theory for these problems.
Mental Health Status of Dental Faculty, Students and their Parents during COVID-19 Pandemic in Southern India- A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Ramesh KSV , Swetha P , Sruthima NVS G , Kumar P Mohan , Kumar C Naresh , Vivek B , Anusha B
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an infectious and devastating disease that has created heightened levels of anxiety and fear among the general population. COVID19 has also brought many changes in everyone’s lives including closing of schools, colleges/universities and social isolation in an unexplained manner. In these unprecedented times lot of sway has been developed among teaching faculty, students and student’s parents in the medical profession including dental schools. However, the impact on students is likely to be noteworthy. Aim: To assess the awareness, attitude, anxiety and perceived mental healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic among dental faculty, students and their parents in South India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, observational questionnaire based study was carried out among 1000 dental faculty, students and student’s parents in South India during August 2020 to December 2020. A questionnaire with 20 items regarding awareness, attitude, anxiety and perceived mental healthcare was designed on Google forms and sent through E-mails and WhatsApp. Snowball sampling technique was used and 1000 self-selected dental faculty, students & students’ parents in South India were included in the study. Data was subjected to statistical analysis using Statistical package of social science (SPSS) software v.20.0 International Business Machines Corporation-United States of America (IBM-USA). Chi-square test was used to analyse the data. The p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The findings showed all the respondents were aware with positive attitude and awareness on this pandemic in regard to its spread and precautions to be taken. However, parents (59.2%) were more preoccupied with eliminate thoughts and more were anxious when compared to faculty (32.1%) and students (32.4%), whereas faculty were more concerned about family’s health and safety (49%) and financial status (54.6%) (p<0.001). All the respondents felt that getting engaged and sharing their worries would help them and mental health help requirement is greater in students (86.5%), student’s parents (81.4%) followed by faculty (71.5%) (p<0.001). Conclusion: During this pandemic even though respondents were aware of the possible squeal of infection and preventive measures. The findings suggest a need to address the mental health worries of the people during these pandemics.
Evaluation of Osteopontin and Malondialdehyde Level and its Correlation with Iron Status in Hypothyroidism Patients: A Case-control Study
Authors: Sah Sumesh Prasad , Batra Jyoti , Arora Manisha , Kumar Sudeep , Sah Sonu
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Hypothyroidism is a clinical condition characterised by abnormally low thyroid hormone production. Hypothyroidism is associated with increased Malondialdehyde (MDA), Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC) and decreased Osteopontin (OPN), iron and ferritin level. Aim: To evaluate OPN and MDA level and its correlation with iron status in hypothyroidism subjects also to compare the OPN, MDA, iron, ferritin and TIBC levels in cases with the controls. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was done at Santosh Medical College, Ghaziabad, in collaboration with Muzaffarnagar Medical College, Muzaffarnagar, Uttar pradesh, India from September 2018 to September 2020. The current study involved a total of 240 female participants. There were 120 female hypothyroidism (cases) and 120 female normal healthy (control) participants of the same age group in the current study (30-60 years). Blood samples were collected from all participants and analysed for OPN, MDA, iron, ferritin and TIBC. OPN was estimated using sandwich- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. MDA was estimated by Kei satoh method. Serum Ferritin was estimated by Immunoturbidimetric on Access 2 Immunoassay Beckman Coulter and serum iron and TIBC were estimated by Beckman Coulter AU480 Clinical Chemistry Analyser. Pearson's correlation was used to evaluate the association between these parameters, which were represented as mean with Standard Deviation (SD). Results: Female hypothyroidism subjects had significantly (p-value <0.001 for all) increased body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist hip ratio than controls. Study showed increased levels of MDA and TIBC and decreased levels of serum OPN, ferritin and iron in hypothyroid subjects as compared to controls. A significant positive correlation was found between OPN vs ferritin (r=0.465, p-value <0.001), OPN vs iron (r=0.521, p-value <0.001) , MDA vs TIBC (r-value=0.591, p-value <0.001), whereas significant negative correlation was found between OPN vs TIBC (r=-0.454, p-value <0.001), OPN vs MDA (r=-0.501, p-value <0.001), MDA vs ferritin (r=-0.543, p-value <0.001) and MDA vs iron (r=-0.573, p-value <0.001). Conclusion: The decreased levels of OPN and increased level of MDA in hypothyroidism subject, which increases risk of iron deficiency anaemia in hypothyroidism patients. Furthermore, OPN and MDA were well correlated with ferritin, iron and TIBC in hypothyroidism subjects. As a result, these aspects should be considered while assessing risks of iron deficiency anaemia in hypothyroidism.
GRIDRASI: A CASE TREATED WITH PANCHAKARMA
Authors: Rathore Abhinav , Sharma Bhawana , . Rahul , Sharma Divya Deepak
Published: February 2022

In this high sedentary life, low backache is the most common emerging disease affecting day to day life of people, physically as well as psychologically. Low backache is the second most common disorder causing disability. Among its various causes, the most commonly appearing one is sciatica, which refers to the pain in the sciatic nerve and felt in the lumbar-sacral region, back of the thigh, leg, and foot. The features of sciatica are like the condition ‘Gridrasi’ mentioned in Ayurveda. It is explained as one among the 80 nanatmaja vata vyadhis described by Acharya Charaka. The case study being presented here is of a 27 yr old female patient suffering from radiating pain from the low back to the right lower limb. She was also heaving numbness and tingling over the right lower limb with difficulty walking. Her SLR test was positive at 30 degrees, so with all these clinical features, she was diagnosed with Vataja gridrasi. Ayurveda explains Basti karma as the choice of treatment in the case of Gridrasi, whereas Snehana & Snigdha svedana are the best treatments for any Vataja disorder. So, in this case, Basti karma (Anubhuta yoga) was administered in the Kala basti schedule, along with Kati basti with Prasarani taila as local external therapy for 16 days. After treatment, the results indicated that the patient got significant relief in presenting the features of Gridrasi, and the day-to-day activities were also improved.
VULNERABILITY OF GUDA MARMA: AN ANALYTICAL REVIEW
Authors: Verma Raju , Manohar Jannu , Nath Pashupati , Gupta Satish Chand
Published: February 2022

The knowledge of Marma dates to the Vedic period. The references of 107 Marma, its classification, location, size, injury effect etc., are available in the literature of Ayurveda. Guda is responsible for the elimination of flatus &faces. Guda Marma is situated in this region which is own folded palm (4 Angula) in diameter & injury to this Marma leads to sudden death. Acharya Sushruta explains it as Mamsa Marma, while Vagbhatta mentions it as Dhamani Marma. Direct Injury to the anal canal is infrequent due to external structure protecting it, but in case of penetrating injury (foreign body) or severe pelvic injury may injure the anal canal. The most common type of injury to the anal canal is a laceration, then vascular injury. The most affected structure is the anal sphincter. Late attempt of Extensive vascular damage increases mortality & spreading of a perianal abscess may cause sepsis, leading to death.
MANAGEMENT OF TENNIS ELBOW BY VIDDAGNIKARMA: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Jalawadi Poornima , Patil Deepa , Aladakatti Shivakumara
Published: February 2022

Agnikarma is one of the Para surgical procedures in Ayurveda. It gives instant and long-lasting results. Agnikarma is indicated in Vata and Kapha's diseases and some painful conditions that involve the musculoskeletal system that comprises Sandhi, Asthi, Sira and Snayus. Tennis elbow or Lateral epicondylitis is a painful disease that causes restricted forearm movements. Only symptomatic treatments are available to date, which comprises Analgesics, Anti-inflammatory drugs, Physiotherapy, steroid injections, exercise etc. But none of them has satisfactory results. And causes some adverse effects by long term usage of these Analgesics and Anti-inflammatory drugs. In Ayurveda, Tennis elbow can correlate with Snayugatavata based on the symptoms. Agnikarma is indicated in this condition as told by Acharya Sushruta. Different Acharyas Suchi explained various Dahanopakaranas is one among them, which Acharya Chakra Datta. In this study, Tennis elbow was treated by Agnikarma using needles and electro-cautery along with Triphala Guggulu orally for seven days. It gives considerable relief from pain and movement of the elbow joint.
ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF SWARNA MAKSHIKA BHASMA, SHUDDHA SHILAJATU AND THEIR COMBINATION IN STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC WISTAR RATS
Authors: Singh Sanjeev , Sharma Khemchand
Published: February 2022

Swarna makshika bhasma and Shilajatu are mentioned by Acharya Sushruta in Madhumeha Chikitsa. These two Rasayanas play a role in glucose and insulin metabolism. The present study was undertaken to assess the anti-diabetic activity in Wistar strain albino rats, thirty-six in number divided into six groups. Streptozotocin was given to induce diabetes. Glibenclamide was used as a standard control drug. Doses of all drugs in each group were according to an accepted standard. Mild diabetic rats (blood sugar > 200 mg/dL) were given medication after their body weight and blood glucose levels were determined. The treatment was maintained on days 7, 14, 21, and 28, and biochemical parameters were calculated. From the fourth day of Streptozotocin induction of diabetes, Makshika bhasma, Shuddha shilajatu and their combination, Glibenclamide, were given once daily. After administration, the effects of Swarna makshika bhasma, Shuddha shilajatu, and Combination of Makshika bhasma and Shuddha shilajatu on bodyweight were statistically non-significant. However, there was a distinction between the before and after-effects. The most remarkable changes in blood glucose levels were reported for Makshika bhasma, Shuddha shilajatu, and Makshika bhasma with Shuddha shilajatu. To conclude, the Combination of Shilajatu and Makshika bhasma is the most efficient and remarkably therapy alternative in Madhumeha. Their multifaceted impact makes them a viable method in the long-term control of diabetes.
Bayesian Estimation of the Parameters of the Odd Generalized Exponentiated - Inverse Exponential Distribution (OGE -IED)
Authors: Gayus Treng Kirnan , Doguwa Sani Ibrahim
Published: February 2022

The Odd Generalized Exponentiated-Inverse Exponential Distribution, a three parameter distribution, is a hybrid of the Generalized Exponential distribution. Each of the parameters were assigned a gamma prior independently resulting to a posterior distribution that is mathematically intractable impossible to obtain marginal posterior distribution for two of the parameters, and a likelihood function that is not known traditionally to R or other statistical software. Resort was made to STAN in order to obtain Bayesian estimates - leveraging on STAN’s provision for user-defined distribution functions. Two datasets were used; remission times (in months) of bladder cancer patients and COVID-19 Survey data in Andalusia, Spain. In the end, the Maximum Likelihood estimates maximized the likelihood more than the Bayesian estimates - though with a slight margin of not more than 0.77. On the other hand, the Bayesian estimates proved to be more stable yielding very negligible standard errors compared to the Maximum Likelihood estimates.
Application of Sulphur Levels and Different Micronutrients on Yield and its Attributing Traits of Garlic (Allium sativum L.)
Authors: Choyal Praveen , Garhwal O. P. , Choudhary M. R. , Netwal Manju , Mahala Kamal
Published: February 2022

The field experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Farm, Sri Karan Narendra College of Agriculture, Jobner (Rajasthan) during 2019-20 and 2020-21. The experiment consisted of 20 treatment combinations with four soil application of sulphur (S0-control, S1-sulphur 20 kg/ha, S2-sulphur 40 kg/ha and S3-sulphur 60 kg/ha) and five levels of foliar application of micronutrients (M0-Control, M1-zinc sulphate @ 0.6%, M2-ferrous sulphate @ 0.2%, M3-borax @ 0.5 and M4-Ammonium molybdate @ 0.5%) in factorial randomized block design with three replications. The results of the study have clearly indicated that among sulphur levels, application of sulphur 60 kg/ha significantly improved growth parameters viz., neck thickness, number of cloves per plant, clove length, clove girth, polar diameter, equatorial diameter, enhanced significantly by application of sulphur 60 kg/ha (S3) in both the years as well as in pooled analysis. Similarly, among micronutrients foliar application of zinc sulphate @ 0.6% significantly influenced all the growth, yield attributes viz., neck thickness, number of cloves per plant, clove length, clove girth, polar diameter, equatorial diameter of garlic in both the years as well as in pooled analysis.
Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide NPS Using Boerhavia diffusa and Its Anticariogenic Activity
Authors: Jayadharani C. , Arivarasu Lakshminarayanan , Rajeshkumar S. , Thangavelu Lakshmi
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Boerhavia diffusa (BD) is a plant of rasayana category as per ayurvedic claims. It is reported to possess anticariogenic activity, disease prevention, and life strengthening activities which hold enormous influence in disease burden and affordability/availability of healthcare in the world.

Materials and Methods: 1g of Boerhavia diffusa is mixed 100 ml of distilled water and  2.5(0.514)g of (20 micromolar boerhavia diffusa) was dissolved in 60ml of distilled water  to that 40 ml of filtered plant extract was added and  was kept in an orbital shaker for approximately 72 hours. The formation of nanoparticles were confirmed both visually and by UV visible spectrophotometer. The nanoparticles were then centrifuged with the aid of a lark refrigerator centrifuge for 10 minutes at 8000 rpm.

Results and Discussion: Anticariogenic activity of respective nanoparticles against the strain staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Enterococcus faecalis and Streptococcus mutans was utilized for this activity to determine the zone of inhibition. Muller hinton agar  was prepared and sterilized for 45 min at 120Ibs. The media was poured into the sterilized playesa d was let to stabilize for solidification. The wells were cut using the well cutter and the test organism was swabbed.

Conclusion: Anticariogenic activity of respective nanoparticles against the strain staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Enterococcus faecalis and Streptococcus mutans was utilized for this activity to determine the zone of inhibition. Muller hinton agar  was prepared and sterilized for 45 min at 120Ibs. The media poured into the sterilized plates was let to stabilize for solidification. The wells were cut using the well cutter and the test organism was swabbed.
Evaluation of Anti Proliferative Potential of Solanum virginianum Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line
Authors: Selvapriya S. , Arivarasu Lakshminarayanan , Raghunandhakumar S. , Thangavelu Lakshmi
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Solanum virginianum commonly known as wild eggplant or nightshade plant, is a prickly herb found in most of the parts of Asia and Australia of the world. It is used by the local people as folk medicines in treating throat infections and other inflammatory problems. Various phytoconstituents have been found, the major constituent is alkaloid. It has a vital role in various traditional as well as medicinal uses for curing internal and external physiological disorders. To determine the evaluation of anti proliferation potential of Solanum virginianum human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line.

Materials and Methods: The effect of solanum virginianum hepG2 cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Briefly, the cells (1 × 104 cells per mL) were seeded in a 96 well microtiter plate (100 per well) with replications. Treatment was conducted for 24 hr with different concentrations (50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300 μM) of solanum virginianum. Cell morphological changes were observed in phase contrast microscopy.

Results: Cells were treated with solanum virginianum at higher concentration (50, 75, 100, 200, 300 and 400 μM) for 24 h, and cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay. Data are shown as means ± SD (n = 3). * compared with the control-blank group, p < 0.001.

Conclusion: From the results, the extracts were cytotoxic to the hepG2 cells at (60μg/mL) concentration and incubation period. However more research is needed to understand the mechanisms of cytotoxicity of the plants.
Pterocarpus Santa Mediated Synthesis of Selenium Nanoparticles and Its Cytotoxic Effect
Authors: Sarvasri T. , Arivarasu Lakshminarayanan , Rajeshkumar S. , Thangavelu Lakshmi
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Selenium is an important trace element in the human body that plays a role in nutrition and medicine. Selenium research is gaining traction, not only because of its technical applications, but also because of its novel position in life sciences. The brine shrimp lethality bioassay is widely used in the evaluation of toxicity of heavy metals, pesticides, medicines especially natural plant extracts etc. Pterocarpus santalinus, with the common names red sanders, red saunders, red sandalwood, Rakt Chandan, and saunders wood, is a species of pterocarpus endemic to the southern Eastern ghats mountain range of south india. This tree is valued for the rich red colour of its wood. The aim of the present study is to find out the pterocarpus santa mediated synthesis of selenium nanoparticles and its cytotoxic effect.

Materials and methods: Selenium nanoparticles were synthesized using pterocarpus santa and its cytotoxic effect were done in brine shrimp and its lethality is checked.

Results: cytotoxic activity and the number of nauplii were all alive on the first day. After 24 hrs the number of nauplii were dead in all wells except in the 5μl well. The percentage of lethality increased from 50%,100%,100%,100%,100% in the 5µL to 80µL  respectively.

Conclusion: pterocarpus Santa mediated synthesis of selenium nanoparticles showed better cytotoxic effect in brine shrimp lethality assay showing emergence of a drug candidate for future research.
Preparation and Cytotoxic Effect of Pterocarpus santalinus Selenium Based Mouthwash
Authors: Nivedha V. M. , Arivarasu Lakshminarayanan , Rajeshkumar S. , Thangavelu Lakshmi
Published: February 2022

Introduction: A mouthwash or rinse cannot replace the regular oral hygiene routine of twice-daily tooth brushing and daily flossing.A mouthwash or rinse freshen breath, and control the bad breath.A mouthwash is a medicated liquid which is held in the mouth and swished by the action of perioral musculature to eliminate the oral pathogens.The medicinal plants have their application in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, agricultural and food industries.Medicinal plants act as a natural source for bioactive medicinal compounds.Selenium is a vita micronutrient that has excellent antimicrobial, anti cancerous, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory properties.The biological method of synthesis of Selenium nanoparticles has extensive application in the field of biomedicine due to low toxicity, targeted delivery of Nano drugs and stability.

Materials and Methods: Pterocarpus santalinus plant extract and mouthwash was prepared and cytotoxicity activity was performed.

Results: On day 1 all the 10 nauplii were alive in all the concentrations. On day 2 when the concentration was 5, 10, 20, 40,80, control the number of live nauplii was 10,8,8,8,7,10 respectively.Results were tabulated and graphically analyzed in SPSS software. Correlation analysis was done using SPSS software.

Conclusion: Increased concentration of selenium nanoparticles was not toxic to living nauplii as it did not cause the death of it.But the Pterocarpus santalinus extraction based selenium nanoparticles have less to no cytotoxicity.This study shows that mouth rinses from medicinal plants as a source of an excellent alternative with less common side-effects to chemical-based oral antimicrobial products.
Antimicrobial Activity of Selenium Nanoparticles and Pterocarpus santalinus Based Mouthwash
Authors: Pradeep Malavika , Arivarasu Lakshminarayanan , Rajeshkumar S. , Thangavelu Lakshmi
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Their unique size-dependent properties make these materials superior and indispensable in many areas of human activity. Selenium possesses excellent photo electrical and semiconductor properties which make it extensively used in duplicate, photography, cells and rectifiers. Selenium is also one of essential trace elements in the human body and has great importance in nourishment and medicine. In India, medicinal plants are widely used by all sections of people either directly as folk remedies or in different indigenous systems of medicine or indirectly in the pharmaceutical preparations of modern medicines. The aim of the present study is to determine antimicrobial activity of selenium nanoparticles and Pterocarpus santalinus based mouthwash.

Materials and Methods: Antimicrobial activity of respective nanoparticles against the strain staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus and E Coli. MH Aagar was utilized for this activity to determine the zone of inhibition. Muller hinton agar was prepared and sterilized for 45  minutes at 120 lbs. Media poured into the sterilized plates and let them stabilize for solidification. The wells were cut using the well cutter and the test organisms were swabbed. The nanoparticles with different concentrations were loaded and the plates were incubated for 24 hours at 37 degree celsius. After the incubation the zones of inhibition were measured. 

Results: The highest zones of inhibition were exhibited against two bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus mutans proving that it acts as a good antibacterial against S.aureus and S.mutans infections.
O EU EM PERSPECTIVA: UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE A ELABORAÇÃO METADISCURSIVA EM LOS DIARIOS DE EMILIO RENZI (DE RICARDO PIGLIA)
Authors: Valles Rafael , Hohlfeldt Antônio
Published: February 2022

Este artigo pretende analisar fragmentos dos três volumes de Los diarios de Emílio Renzi (PIGLIA, 2015-2017), nos quais se procure evidenciar uma intenção metadiscursiva que coloque em perspectiva a elaboração do eu. A partir de uma reflexão sobre por que e para quem o autor procura escrever um diário, sobre as implicações que isso gera na construção discursiva do eu e sobre a relação que essa escrita estabelece com o contexto sócio-histórico, buscaremos entender de que forma Ricardo Piglia constrói a sua própria concepção de diário. Para realizar este estudo, o artigo terá como referências teóricas autores que analisam a questão do diário como forma (Simonet-Tenant, 2004; Blanchot, 2005; Lejeune, 2015; Giordano, 2017) e que analisam a obra do escritor argentino (Avelar, 2000; Orecchia Havas, 2019), entre outros.