bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RATIONAL TERMS OF STORAGE OF AMMUNITION UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF MINIMIZING THE IMPACT ON THE AUTOMATIC WEAPON AND ITS BALLISTIC CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Anipko O. , Biryukov I. , Baulin D. , Mulenko O.
Published: December 2024

Among the wide variety of requirements proposed for modern small arms, it is possible to single out the trouble-free operation of a sample of weapons, which is achieved by ensuring the necessary survivability of parts and mechanisms of automatic weapons.
The dynamic nature of the forces and stresses acting on the parts of automatic weapons makes it difficult to ensure their strength and is one of the main reasons for the relatively low survivability. Of particular importance is the provision of sufficient survivability of the barrel, which plays a decisive role in the overall survivability of the weapon.
The main causes of barrel bore wear are shown. It has been proven that with the growth of wear and tear, the ballistic characteristics deteriorate, which leads, accordingly, to an increase in the amount of ammunition required to perform a firing task, as well as to a decrease in the range of guaranteed penetration of an obstacle.
It has been proven that long-term storage of ammunition leads to changes in the physical and chemical characteristics of gunpowder. It was determined that such changes significantly affect the parameters of internal ballistics during a shot. Therefore, the resource of the barrel is determined by the change in internal ballistics indicators caused by gerontological changes in the powder charge.
The results of experimental studies on the effect of powder charge aging on the ballistic characteristics of small arms and the survivability of their barrels are presented.
The analysis of the obtained research data allows us to predict the rational storage period of ammunition for small arms, which is 17–21 years, and the number of shots that should be limited for the corresponding batch of ammunition depends on the mode of firing. The resulting dependencies make it possible to determine changes in the initial velocity of the bullet associated with the firing of the barrel and its wear, as well as automation elements caused by the use of ammunition with long storage periods.
STUDY OF EXCHANGE REACTIONS IN THE SrO-BaO-Al2O3 -SiO2 SYSTEM
Authors: Kryvobok R. V. , Pitak Ya. M. , Fedorenko O. Yu. , Voloshchuk V. V. , Chefranov E. V. , Hrebeniuk O. O. , Tymchenko O. R.
Published: December 2024

Scientific research in the field of nanotechnology and composite materials for aviation and space technology contributes to the creation of new types of radio-transparent materials with improved properties. The need for these materials is especially growing in conditions of high temperature, high speed and aggressive external environment, where traditional polymer or composite materials cannot provide the necessary level of key properties. Ceramic materials made on the basis of target phases of the SrO-BaO-Al2O3 -SiO2 system have low dielectric properties and are quite promising for use in various fields where high transparency for electromagnetic waves with minimal losses is important. In this regard, a more detailed study of its subsolidus structure is relevant. This article deals with the flow of exchange reactions of the type аА+бВ = сС+дД in the volume of the SrO-BaO-Al2O3 -SiO2 concentration tetrahedron. The paper presents the results of Gibbs free energy calculations for exchange reactions in the considered system. The temperature intervals for the existence of separate combinations of phases are indicated and the formed elementary triangles are graphically presented. Based on the results of theoretical studies, it was established that in the SrO-BaO-Al2O3 -SiO2 system there is a possibility of five exchange reactions of the type аА+вВ = сС+дД. It was found that BaAl2Si2O8 – SrAl2O4 and Sr3Al2O6 – Ba2SiO4 anodes are present in the temperature range of 300...1700 K. The presence of a combination of "filled triangle" phases – Sr2Al2SiO7-2SrSiO3-BaSiO3 in the temperature range of 300...800 K was confirmed, and the existence of a combination of "filled circuit" phases – BaSiO3 – BaAl2O4 – Sr2Al2SiO7 in the temperature range of 1200...1700 K was confirmed. The discovery of this combination of phases makes it possible to expand the existing area in the experimental system for creating high-temperature ceramic materials. In turn, according to the obtained data of thermodynamic calculations, it was established that at temperatures below 1200 K, the target phases of the considered system, Ba2SiO4 and SrAl2Si2O8, do not interact with each other, and the reaction is thermodynamically disadvantageous.
Polymer insulation breakdown types analysis
Authors: Nikonov Mykola , Shevchenko Sergii
Published: December 2024

The paper investigates the theory of electrical breakdown channel formation in polymeric dielectrics. The process of operating electrical networks is quite complex, since dielectric materials lose their insulating properties under the influence of electric field intensity, which causes the destruction of molecular bonds. This phenomenon is called dielectric breakdown, or a violation of its electrical strength and loss of dielectric properties, followed by the formation of a breakdown channel with high electrical conductivity. Additional factors, such as insulation cooling conditions, external mechanical stress, ultraviolet radiation, ambient temperature, air humidity, proximity to main roads where chemicals are periodically treated, the degree of contamination of the area, the presence of a fungal colony on the surface, accelerate the process of destruction of the insulating properties of the dielectric. The paper considers the classification of polymer insulation breakdown types according to the physical nature of their occurrence, such as electrical breakdown, electromechanical breakdown, and electrochemical breakdown. The study of these processes has a significant impact, because the process of diagnosing some types of breakdown with the naked eye is complicated due to the process occurring in the middle of the insulation and not causing damage to the entire insulation, unlike classical porcelain or glass. An example of such a process is an electrothermal breakdown. It is caused by a disturbance in the thermal equilibrium in the dielectric between the processes of heat generation and heat transfer. An increase in the temperature of the dielectric increases its electrical conductivity, leakage currents, and heat generated in the insulation. An increase in temperature increases the electrical conductivity of the dielectric, which also generates additional heat and creates an avalanche-like process of dielectric heating and subsequent breakdown.
Comparative analysis of lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) and sodium ion (Na-Ion) energy storage cells
Authors: Oksenych Ruslan , Miroshnyk Oleksandr , Moroz Oleksandr , Paziy Volodymyr
Published: December 2024

Energy storage is the process of accumulating, releasing, and managing energy using storage devices. Today, this principle of energy storage is playing an important role in energy supply. As renewable sources become more and more responsible for energy production. Moreover, since it is not possible to regulate the amount of energy from renewable sources, it is necessary to store energy during periods of lower demand or higher production, from sources such as solar and wind energy. Over the past century, a wide range of energy storage technologies have been developed, from large-scale hydroelectric power plants to advanced electrochemical storage. Hydroelectric power plants remain the main method of long-term energy storage due to their high capacity and durability. At the same time, lithium-iron-phosphate and sodium-ion batteries open up new opportunities for energy storage at the local level, making them promising for integration into modern power systems. In addition, the efficient use of energy storage can minimize the risks of electricity shortages during critical periods and ensure the stability of the power system. This is achieved due to the ability of energy storage to effectively level the load, compensate for fluctuations in renewable energy generation, and provide reliable backup power. In particular, LiFePO4 and Na-Ion technologies demonstrate high energy efficiency, which allows them to be integrated into various segments of the power system – from household devices to large-scale industrial plants. Their use also helps to reduce the carbon footprint of the energy sector, which is important for achieving sustainable development goals. In this paper, we compare two types of electrochemical storage devices – LiFePO4 and Na-Ion. Particular attention will be paid to their durability, energy efficiency, materials from which they are made, and technical characteristics. We will also evaluate their economic feasibility and prospects for implementation in commercial and domestic applications.
Analyst the Investor Intention on Socially Responsible Investment in Batam Using the Theory Of Planned Behavior Moderated by Religion
Authors: Yandi suprapto  , Wirren chang  , Hesniati
Published: December 2024

This study aims to study the investors intention to invest on socially responsible investment (SRI) using a theory called the planned behavior theory, the main research for this study consist of attitude, environmental attitude, social self-efficacy, and subjective norm moderate by religion. In this study, cross sectional data collected using a self-managed questionnaire by looking at several references from previous studies which then been made via Google form and distributed randomly to investors in Batam for 5 months. The sample uses "snowball sampling" with a bare minimum number of respondents is 384 respondents. 384 respondents were collected as a sample, and the results showed that attitude, environmental attitude, self-efficacy, and subjective norm had a strong relationship with the intention to invest in socially responsible investments, while religion did not have a significant moderating effect, and was found to have no significant relationship between variables. This research contributes to both academic research and practical applications in promoting socially responsible investing in Batam while considering the influence of religious beliefs.
Development of Learning Management System with Gamification Approach for Project-Based Learning
Authors: Nugroho Rengga Prakoso , Soepriyanto Yerry , Wedi Agus
Published: December 2024

This study focuses on the development of the Learning Management System for Innovation in Graphic and Visual Media with a gamification approach in the context of teaching the Graphic and Visual Media Innovation course. Currently, learning management utilizes the SIPEJAR Learning Management System (LMS) and the Progress Report Card (PRC), but their separate existence poses challenges to efficiency and effectiveness. Students are required to monitor their own learning resources and track their learning performance through the PRC.  The optimal learning environment would be one in which all learning resources and progress are accessible in a single, integrated platform, allowing for convenient access from any location at any time. The objective of this research is to develop a Learning Management System (LMS) that incorporates gamification elements into project-based learning. Research design employed is Research and Development (RnD), adopting the Web-Based Instructional Design model. The sample for this research is composed of 134 students. The research was conducted between October and December. The data collected for this study is quantitative data obtained using the Technology Acceptance Model questionnaire and the level of student engagement in the learning process. The result is that students perceive the IMGV LMS as a beneficial addition to their learning experience. The LMS enables students to monitor their performance in the final course project and access assignment materials in a centralized location. Additionally, the LMS facilitates knowledge acquisition through the incorporation of quizzes, which are designed to engage students in a competitive learning environment.
Innovative Project-Based Learning Video Tutorial Media: Development and Its Effect on Students Collaborative Skills
Authors: Masruri Muhammad Agil , Efendi Agus , Sumaryati Sri
Published: December 2024

Mastery of the 4C skills (Critical Thinking, Communication, Collaboration, Creativity) is essential for success in 21st-century education. However, the persistent challenges in developing collaboration skills highlight a critical gap in current educational practices. This research seeks to develop a Project-Based Learning (PjBL) video tutorial and assess its impact on enhancing students' collaboration skills in high school biology education. Using a Research and Development (R&D) design based on the Alessi & Trollip model, the study involved two media experts, two content specialists, three teachers, and twenty-nine students as participants. Data were gathered through observations, interviews, and questionnaires, and analyzed using the N-Gain technique to evaluate improvements in collaboration skills, alongside descriptive percentage techniques to assess the feasibility of the video media product. The urgency of this research lies in addressing the limitations of traditional teaching methods, which often fail to foster active collaboration among students. Findings from the planning phase, including interviews with biology teachers, revealed a lack of collaborative interaction in conventional classroom settings. In response, a video tutorial was developed to enhance teamwork and collaboration during project assignments. Expert validation yielded a high feasibility score of 85.3%, and user testing showed excellent results with an average score of 83.7%. The video tutorial achieved an N-Gain value of 0.52, categorized as moderate, indicating a significant improvement in students' collaboration skills. This research is significant as it provides a practical, scalable solution to improve collaborative learning through innovative media in biology education. Further studies are recommended to expand the development of PjBL-based videos for other subjects and to investigate their long-term impact on 21st-century skills.
Evaluation of the Teaching Industry Program in Developing the Entrepreneurial Spirit of Graphic Design Students
Authors: Pertiwi Annisa , Masunah Juju , Prawira Nanang Ganda , Karyono Tri
Published: December 2024

The creative industry in the hospitality sector faces a huge challenge to innovate in the digital era. The entrepreneurial competence of vocational students is important to meet the needs of the dynamic world of work. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the Teaching Industry program in developing the entrepreneurial skills of students of the Diploma Program in Graphic Design, Widyatama University through a case study at the Malaka Hotel Bandung for the 2022–2024 period. This Teaching Industry program is designed using the Work-Based Learning approach  to provide real work experience, Experiential Learning for hands-on learning, Collaborative Learning to train teamwork, and Project-Based Learning to complete tasks in the field of digital marketing, such as content planning, graphic design, photography, videography, and social media management. This study uses a mixed method, with a qualitative approach through interviews, observations, and document analysis (logbook, internship report, work presentation, and performance evaluation), as well as a quantitative approach through questionnaires and evaluation of supervisors. The results of the study showed the development of student entrepreneurship indicators, namely: 1) leadership collaboration and teamwork (88%), 2) motivation and confidence in achievement (82%), 3) initiative and courage to take risks (76%), and 4) independence and responsibility (70%). Overall, the program recorded a 79% success rate. Of the 17 students who participated, 3 of them were successfully recommended as contract employees, including 1 student who was recruited as a member of the Malacca Hotel Digital Marketing team. This program is effective in improving digital marketing technical skills as well as teamwork, leadership, and project management skills relevant to the needs of the creative industry.
Investigating the Performance of Artificial Neural Networks in Predicting Affective Responses
Authors: Aydogan Izzettin , Tat Osman
Published: December 2024

In this study it is aimed to examine the performance of an artificial neural network trained using items reflecting a latent trait in predicting responses to an item reflecting the same trait. This latent trait is the awareness of being able to communicate with people from different cultures, which is included in the PISA 2018 application. Relevant scale items were used as research variables. In addition to determining the extent to which the predicted responses overlap with the actual responses by analyzing the artificial neural network models, it was examined how the predicted responses affect the assumed latent construct and the reliability of the responses. Thus, the performance of artificial neural networks in predicting responses to affective items was evaluated.
FAfA: Factor Analysis for All An R Package to Conduct Factor Analysis with RShiny Application
Authors: Kılıç Abdullah Faruk
Published: December 2024

This paper presents a presentation of FAfA (the R Shiny application), which was specifically developed for performing complete factor analysis processes. These procedures include data wrangling, assumption checks for exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, exploratory graphic analysis, and item weighting. The objective of the paper is to provide users with clear instructions on how to effectively use the FAfA package, therefore guaranteeing precise and consistent outcomes in their research. The FAfA application's primary goal is to integrate EFA and CFA into a single software. In addition, the FAfA application has the capability to do reliability analysis and item weighing.
Smothering Mothers and Corpse-like Sons: T. H. White's The Once and Future King, Freud, and Queer Coding
Authors: Mannino Marilyn
Published: December 2024

T.H. White’s The Once and Future King is one of the most important modern adaptations of Arthurian legend when looking at how these villains have been characterised in modernity. Morgause is Arthur’s half sister and mother of his only son, and this book cements her as a villain in the Arthurian corpus. Mordred, her son fathered by her brother, is the other major villain in this story. White’s novel depicts Morgause as an abusive mother, using the language of consumption and vampirism to show how she haunts her son’s psyche after her death. This unhealthy dynamic is also used to explain Mordred’s queerness in the novel. Using Freudian analysis, one can understand further how interconnected these villainous characters are, and how Morgause’s toxic motherly love has made her son Mordred into a villain.
Archaic, Phallic, and Castrated: Revisiting Stephen King’s The Shining through the Trope of the Monstrous Mother and its Manifestations
Authors: Miquel-Baldellou Marta
Published: December 2024

Stephen King’s novel The Shining (1977) has often been considered a contemporary classic that updates the nineteenth-century ghost story and narratives of haunted houses, while it reflects latent fears about the collapse of the traditional family, and the threat to hegemonic masculinities upon the rise of feminist studies. Drawing on Barbara Creed’s notion of the monstrous-feminine, it is feasible to reinterpret one of King’s most iconic novels as a representation of latent male fears of the trope of the monstrous mother in its different representations. It may be thus argued that, from a male perspective, the archetype of the monstrous mother derives from patriarchal motherhood, as a male interpretation of the ancestral and primal dread toward the maternal power of life generation and destruction as well as toward the primordial role of the mother during the preoedipal and oedipal phases of development. This article offers an analysis of King’s novel The Shining focused on the trope of the monstrous mother, as a result of patriarchal motherhood in its diverse manifestations, encompassing the archaic mother, the phallic mother, and the castrated mother.
The Lisf of the Articles Published in the Journal “DEVICES AND METHODS OF MEASUREMENTS” in 2024
Authors: Editotial Article
Published: December 2024

.
Eficacia in vitro de técnicas domésticas para la desinfección de cepillos dentales contaminados con Enterococcus faecalis
Authors:   , Donayre Salvatierra Gina Alessandra
Published: December 2024

La educación en higiene oral al paciente es fundamental en la odontología preventiva-promocional. Los cepillos dentales, aditamentos principales en la higiene bucal, están expuestos constantemente a fuentes contaminantes que los hacen vulnerables a infección cruzada; por ello, la desinfección de estos debe ser integrada en la educación en higiene oral. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la eficacia in vitro de técnicas domésticas para la desinfección de cepillos dentales contaminados con Enterococcus faecalis. Métodos: Estudio in vitro aplicado a una muestra calculada de 76 cepillos dentales contaminados con Enterococcus faecalis (Ef) ATCC® 29212™ sometidos a protocolos de desinfección: G0. agua destilada (control negativo) (n=8), G1. dimetilsulfoxido al 10% (control negativo) (n=8), G2. clorhexidina al 0,12% (control positivo) (n=15), G3. vinagre blanco al 100% (n=15), G4. microondas a 700 w (n=15) y G5. extracto alcohólico de ajo a 200 mg/ml (n=15). El recuento bacteriano se valoró por unidades formadoras de colonias (UFC/ml) categorizadas en contaminación: baja (<30), media (30-300) y alta (>300). La prueba de Kruskal-Wallis con post-hoc por parejas se utilizó a un nivel de significancia de P<0,05. La eficacia contra Ef mostró diferencias altamente significativas entre grupos (p=0,000) con medianas de UFC/ml inferiores en clorhexidina y vinagre (Me=0 [RQI=0]: baja) y microondas (Me=6000 [RQI=45000]: baja) frente a los controles negativos (Me=378500 y 5020000 [RQI= 4605000 y 6760000]: medio y alto; respectivamente) (P<0,019). La eficacia del microondas fue inferior a clorhexidina y vinagre (p≤0,19), pero similar al ajo [Me=1510000 [RQI=590000]: medio) (p=0,822), mientras que el ajo no fue superior a los controles negativos (p≥0,05). La desinfección de cepillos dentales con clorhexidina, vinagre y microondas generó una reducción eficaz significativa del recuento de Ef.
Inhibidores HER2 en cáncer de mama: un análisis bibliométrico
Authors:   , Bombilla Torres Diego Renato , Camacho Arbildo Beder Leandro
Published: December 2024

Introducción: El 2023 la OMS indicó que el cáncer de mama es aquel que padecen con más frecuencia las personas sin distinguir de sexo. Además, su alta tasa de mortalidad la coloca en la segunda posición a nivel mundial. El objetivo del presente estudio fue realizar un estudio bibliométrico sobre inhibidores de HER2 en cáncer de mama en la base de datos de Scopus. Métodos: El diseño de estudio es un estudio bibliométrico, la elección de la base de datos fue Scopus. La estrategia de búsqueda fue elaborada a través palabras clave en MESH y sinónimos y palabras similares como: de “breast cancer” y “HER-2 inhibitors”. Se buscó en título y en los resúmenes o abstract de los artículos y se incluyeron documentos del 2014 al 2024 y en cualquier idioma. La recolección y análisis de datos fueron trabajados con los programas Microsoft Excel 365, el portal Scimago Journal Ranking (SJR) y el software VosViewer versión 1.6.18. Resultados: Los resultados fueron que hubo un total de 2439 documentos, 1940 fueron artículos y 178 son revisiones, 2295 documentos fueron publicados en inglés, la revista con la mayor cantidad de documentos publicados fue Breast Cancer Research and Treatment con 107. Estados Unidos lidera como el país con la mayor cantidad de artículos publicados con 572. El documento más citado fue Pertuzumab, trastuzumab, and docetaxel in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. El autor con la mayor cantidad de documentos fueron Im S., Iwata H. y Krop I. con 30 documentos cada uno y la institución colaboradora al tema de estudio que lidera es F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG y Genentech, Inc con 82 cada una. Tomando como conclusión de que el estudio bibliométrico realizado denoto datos relevantes en cuanto a inhibidores de HER2 en cáncer de mama. Conclusiones: Se concluye que Estados Unidos…
Enhancing Malaria Detection and Classification using Convolutional Neural Networks - Vision Transformer Architecture
Authors: Ahishakiye Emmanuel , Kanobe Fredrick , Taremwa Danison , Nantongo Bartha Alexandra , Nkalubo Leonard , Ahimbisibwe Shallon
Published: December 2024

Malaria remains a significant global health challenge, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Despite advancements in treatment and prevention, malaria continues to cause substantial morbidity and mortality, particularly among vulnerable populations such as children and pregnant women. Although effective, traditional diagnostic methods, such as microscopy, are time-consuming and require skilled personnel prone to human error, leading to delays in diagnosis and treatment. More so, existing machine learning models used in malaria detection and classification have low performance and overfitting issues. This study presents an enhanced malaria detection and classification model using an ensemble of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Vision Transformers (ViT). The proposed ensemble model, which combines CNN and ViT, outperforms each individual model, achieving an accuracy of 99.64%, precision of 99.23%, recall of 99.75%, F1 score of 99.51%, and a cross-entropy loss of 0.01. The proposed model demonstrated superior performance compared to those reported in the literature. These results highlight the potential of the CNN-ViT ensemble model for accurate and reliable malaria detection, offering a significant improvement over existing methods.
Spectroscopic and molecular insights into humic substances in compost amended with varying biochar levels
Authors: Zhu Nennen , Cheng Ao , Yu Xufang , Zhou Xiujuan , Liu Xiaolong , Ji Wenchao , Cao Tao , Fan Xingjun
Published: December 2024

This study explores the effects of biochar (BC) amendments at varying levels (0%, 1%, 2%, and 5%) on the molecular and structural characteristics of humic substances (HS), specifically humic acids (HA) and fulvic acids (FA), in compost. The addition of BC significantly increased the HA content by 13-16% while reducing the FA content by 12-32%, with the most pronounced effects observed at a 5% BC addition. Spectroscopic analyses, including UV-Vis and fluorescence, revealed enhanced aromaticity and molecular weight (MW) of HA, driven by microbial activity and polymerization facilitated by BC amendments, whereas FA aromaticity remained largely unchanged. The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and number-average molecular weight (Mn) of HA increased significantly, indicating improved humification and stabilization. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed that BC addition had minimal impact on the functional group composition of HA and FA but altered the proportions of carbon types. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis demonstrated higher persistent free radical (PFR) levels in HA, correlating with increased molecular size and a higher degree of condensation. These findings underscore the potential of BC amendments to enhance compost quality by promoting the formation of stable and complex humic substances with improved reactivity.
Prognostic Nomogram and Risk Prediction Management for 'Vascular Mimicry' in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Based on MMP3
Authors: Que Fan , Wang Jie , Li Yulin , Qin Dan , Long Jiao , Nie Minhai , Liu Xuqian
Published: December 2024

Oral squamous cell carcinoma has a high incidence rate in the population and a high metastasis rate. Despite ongoing improvements by clinicians in diagnosis and treatment, effective enhancement of survival rates remains elusive. In this study, it was found that MMP-3 can promote the formation of vascular mimicry in oral squamous cell carcinoma, facilitating tumor cells invasion and metastasis. Survival analysis reveals a negative correlation between matrix metalloproteinase 3 and overall survival in patients; multivariable Cox analysis and nomograms indicate that matrix metalloproteinase 3 is a biomarker of poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. In summary, our findings suggest that MMP3 serves as a biomarker for unfavorable prognosis in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma, and research targeting matrix metalloproteinase 3 as a therapeutic approach may represent a valuable new treatment strategy.
BushenHuoxue formula improved osteoporosis by suppressing the miR370 expression to directly alter the MAPK cascade and NFIC regulator
Authors: Chen Yuqi , Huang Yifei , Zheng Yushan , Yan Feng , Mao Dun , Liu Yong , Wang Qiang , Shao Shuaiming , Tan Lihui , Dong Jianjian , Jin Chenkai , Wei Rong
Published: December 2024

Osteoporosis (OP) is a major public health problem. Previously, we found that BSHXF could alleviate OP symptoms. However, the underlying mechanism remained unclear. Here, we found that BSHXF alleviate PMO symptoms in mouse model, while abundant exosomes involved in the Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) pathogenesis and BSHXF treatment. Further exosomal microRNA sequencing showed that DEMs from exosomes involved in PMO-related signaling pathways, especially MAPK cascade. BSHXF significantly altered the expressions of 25 OP-related exo-miRNAs which performed hub functions in PMO pathogenesis, especially miR370. MiR370 could suppress the expressions of PMO-related genes NFIC and MAPK13 by directly binding to their coding sequence. Importantly, genistein was the hub compounds in BSHXF, and could suppress the abnormal upregulation of miR370 in the exosome by directly interacting with STAT3.These findings shed light on the importance of exo-miRNAs in PMO pathogenesis and the mechanisms of BSHXF treatment in improving PMO.
Astragalus Membranaceus: Exploring its Protective Role in Heat Stroke via Integrated Transcriptomic and Molecular Docking Approaches
Authors: Yin Defeng , Yao Yandong , Guo Qin , Jiang Hao , Hu Yonglan , Liu Lu , Jin Kaiyu , Hu Yingchun
Published: December 2024

Objective: This study aims to explore the therapeutic potential of Astrolus Membranaceus in treating heatstroke and its potential therapeutic targets.
Method: This study was conducted at the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, and peripheral blood samples were collected from 10 heatstroke patients (HS=10) and 10 healthy individuals (NC=10) for RNA sequencing. Perform RNA differential analysis using the DESeq2 software package. In addition, the active ingredients and targets of Astragalus membranaceus were screened using the TCMSP database. Intersection the target and differential RNA to obtain the cross target. Then perform GO analysis and KEGG analysis on the intersection targets. Build a protein interaction network with cross targets using STRING website and Cytoscape software, and perform molecular docking between core targets and active molecules using AutoDock Tools.
Results: RNA sequencing results showed that compared with the NC group, the HS group had a total of 2042 differentially expressed RNAs. After taking the intersection of Astrolus Membranaceus targets and differentially expressed RNA, 23 intersecting targets were obtained. GO analysis found that the enrichment of cellular components of cross genes is mainly in the extracellular region. The molecular functional enrichment of cross genes mainly involves molecular function regulators. The biological processes related to cross factors mainly include regulation of molecular function, regulation of multicellular organic processes, and response to stress. KEGG analysis showed that the enriched pathways in the crossover genes mainly include the MAPK signaling pathway. The key targets TP53, BCL2, and MMP9 in the protein-protein interaction network were identified using cytoHubba. The molecular docking results indicate that quercetin forms hydrogen bonds with TP53, BCL2, and MMP9, with low binding energies.
Conclusion: This study reveals the potential molecular mechanism of Astrolus Membranaceus in treating heatstroke, providing a scientific basis for further drug development and clinical application.
Trajectory of lung ultrasound scores in preterm infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a prospective observational study
Authors: Weinstein Rachel , Montoya Cassandra , Horowitz Russell , Murthy Karna , Caldarelli Leslie , Marshall Stephaine
Published: December 2024

Objective: To quantify the trajectory of lung ultrasound scores (LUSSc) and estimate its association on inpatient respiratory trajectories in preterm infants with potentially evolving bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)
Study Design: We measured LUSSc prospectively in infants < 32 weeks’ gestation weekly from 2 weeks of life through 44 weeks’ post-menstrual age (PMA) or discharge. The primary outcome was the age, in PMA, to achieve liberation of respiratory support (LRS) defined as room air or < 1 L/min (FiO2 = 100%).
Result: In 16 infants, 10 patients had Grade 2-3 BPD, and LUSSc declined over time. The time to achieve LRS was 43 weeks’ PMA (SD 12.5). Using the maximum LUSSc each infant had between 30-32 weeks’ PMA, each 1-point increase in the LUSSc was independently associated with a 12-day increase in the time to achieve LRS.
Conclusion: LUSSc may serve as a diagnostic marker for inpatient respiratory trajectories of preterm infants with evolving BPD.
MOAC-RT: Personalized Multi-Objective Radiotherapy using Actor-Critic Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Khosravi Ava , Roayaei Mehdy
Published: December 2024

Radiotherapy (RT) stands as on the common approaches in the treatment of cancer patients, delivering a specified radiation dosage across multiple sessions, progressively targeting the tumor for gradual eradication. Traditional RT uses fixed schedules and constant dose fractions. However, different patients may respond differently to radiation treatment based on different reasons. Effective treatment planning is crucial in RT to maximize treatment quality, balancing tumor irradiation and healthy tissue preservation, making it a multi-objective problem. Also, since this treatment is conducted over several sessions, it is inherently a sequential decision-making problem. This paper models RT treatment planning as a multi-objective reinforcement learning problem, using a 2D tumor growth simulation incorporating factors like oxygen levels, glucose distribution, and cell status. We propose an actor-critic deep reinforcement learning approach base on MobileNetV2 pretrained network, called MOAC-RT, to optimize the RT treatment plan (dosage and schedule) for radiotherapy. The results show that personalized RT treatment plan, where a dose between 1 to 2 Gy is delivered to the tumor based on its status, and the rest time is chosen considering the effect of radiation on the tumor and the status of healthy cell, can outperform standard approach and previous works as it accomplishes the treatment in less time and with fewer prescribed doses, requiring a reduced number of sessions.
The BREATHE project: An observational prospective cohort integrating clinical data, blood samples and tumor tissue from newly diagnosed patients with lung cancer
Authors: Pons-Tostivint Elvire , Denis Marc Grégoire , Corvaisier-Chiron Murielle , Sauzay Chloé , Lacoste Philippe , Sagan Christine , Chene Anne-Laure , Chen Jeanne , Hulo Pauline , Samarut Edouard , Salaud Céline , Goronflot Thomas , Blanquart Christophe , Fradin Delphine
Published: December 2024

Background: Lung cancer treatment is a constantly evolving field, with an acceleration of innovative therapies over the last decade. Patients included in clinical trials are highly selected, thus efficacy of therapies in all comers are still scarce. Despite significant progress, mortality remains high, disease progression occurs in most patients, and the mechanisms underlying resistance to therapies remain poorly understood. The BREATHE project (Biocollection for Research in Thoracic Cancer) is a prospective cohort including all newly diagnosed patients with lung cancer at the University Hospital of Nantes. We herein describe the study background, design and methods used for this cohort.
Methods: This is a single-center, prospective, observational study of an exposure-defined cohort of patients newly diagnosed with lung cancer. Data included sociodemographic characteristics, medical status, tumour characteristics, lines of therapy throughout patient follow-up, and delay intervals. For the follow-up, information regarding recurrences and mortality is continually updated. Systematic plasma, PBMC and circulating tumor DNA samples are collected at diagnosis, during follow-up and at relapse, and also tumor tissue at diagnosis and at relapse when available. We plan to enrol a minimum of 700 patients in 5 years, with a follow-up period of 5 years.
Discussion: This cohort will provide insights into the real use, efficacy, and toxicities of anti-cancer treatments administered administered to a representative, unselected population of patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer. Additionally, we aim to gain a better understanding of complex therapeutic sequences including multimodal treatment, and also to collect information on patients with rare genomic alterations. Finally, several translational studies will be conducted to characterize the mechanisms of resistance to therapeutic interventions.
Clinical Trial Number: NCT06481813 (Registration dates 2024-07-01)
Deep learning-based skin lesion classification for cancer detection
Authors: K Premnath , P Sundaravadivel , R Augustian Isaac , K Srimathi , M Vaishnavi , N Sathya
Published: December 2024

Early detection is crucial for a successful remedy of skin cancer and an upsurge of longevity, as it is one of the most ubiquitous kinds of cancer globally. This project introduces a skin cancer detection system that employs Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) to autonomously classify skin lesions into distinct categories based on image inputs. The system employs deep learning techniques to analyse images and forecast the presence of several types of malignancy for the skin, including malignancies of basal cells and melanoma. The algorithm was honed using a dataset of tagged skin lesion pictures, incorporating advanced techniques such as Batch Normalization and Max Pooling to prevent overfitting and improve accuracy. In order to minimize overfitting, dropout layers were included, and the architecture was improved to optimize the model's functionality. The prediction findings are later displayed through a web-based interface that was constructed using Flask. Users are able to submit skin pictures and receive thorough findings, which include information about the expected cancer type. The objective of this system is to facilitate the diagnosis of skin cancer more efficiently for dermatologists and healthcare professionals by offering automated, high-accuracy predictions. The system may be expanded to include a mobile application in the future, which would provide a wider range of accessibility for the rapid identification of malignancy.
WITHDRAWN: Integrative transcriptomic and proteomic analysis reveals that SERPING1 inhibits neuronal proliferation via the CaMKII-CREB-BDNF pathway in schizophrenia
Authors: Li Xing , Ti Wang , Li Wang , Wei Biao
Published: December 2024

30 December, 2024. Research Square has withdrawn this preprint due to overlap with unpublished work by different authors.
The impact of multilingual science popularization videos based on the transtheoretical model and whole-cycle management concepts on the self-management behavior capacity of liver cancer patients from ethnic minorities
Authors: Jiang Yangyue , Liu Chunhong , He Bingrong , Feng Lijuan , Yu Shizhu , Du Jing , Lin Ying , Bei Jia , Wei Shanshan , Tang Xiaoli , Huang Guiyu
Published: December 2024

Objective To evaluate the impact of "Prevention-Treatment-Rehabilitation" multilingual popular science videos on the self-management behavioral abilities of ethnic minority patients with liver cancer.Methods A self-controlled before-and-after study design was adopted. Ethnic minority liver cancer patients hospitalized in two tertiary hospitals from September 2024 to November 2024 were conveniently selected as the study participants. By integrating the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) and the concept of comprehensive liver cancer management, multilingual science popularization videos in Mandarin, Yi, and Tibetan languages were developed. These videos were promoted both online and offline. After watching the videos, their self-management levels were assessed using the Liver Cancer Patient Self-Management Behavior Scale before and after the intervention.Results After the intervention, significant improvements were observed in all four dimensions of patients' self-management abilities, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.001). The total self-management behavior score increased from 113.53 ± 17.26 to 131.38 ± 9.783, showing a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001). Male patients, older individuals, those with lower education levels, private enterprise employees, patients with urban-rural resident medical insurance or without insurance, and patients with smoking or drinking habits exhibited more significant improvements after the intervention (P < 0.05).Conclusion Health education based on "Prevention-Treatment-Rehabilitation" multilingual popular science videos helps improve the self-management behavioral abilities of ethnic minority patients with liver cancer.
Constant Ovulation During Oral Contraceptive Treatment: Follicle-Stimulating Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Yang Yang , Qiao Lin , Zhang Jing
Published: December 2024

Introduction
FSH-producing pituitary neuroendocrine tumor is very rare and usually present with menstrual disorders, ovarian cysts, polycystic ovary morphology, etc. It’s often confused with polycystic ovary syndrome and is difficult to diagnose. Missed or misdiagnosis may lead to unnecessary surgical injury or severe neurologic damage.
Case presentation
We describe the case of a 37-year-old woman with persistent menstrual disturbances and ovarian cysts. Because of unceasing ovulation after usage of combined oral contraceptive she was suspected of having endogenous uncontrolled FSH and eventually a pituitary adenoma was found. In addition, we review the features of onset, diagnostic history, treatment and prognosis of previous similar reports.
Conclusion
We find the symptoms of FSH-secreting pituitary adenomas puzzling. Mild cases are easily overlooked, and severe cases are easily misdiagnosed as ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and ovarian tumors and receive unnecessary pharmacological and surgical interventions. Attention to abnormal sex hormones is key to diagnosis, and prompt surgical tumor removal is important.
Designing a T cell multi-epitope vaccine against hRSV with reverse vaccinology: an immunoinformatics approach
Authors: Guan Peibin , Qi Congyan , Xu Guojin , Sheng Can , Sun Siqi , Zhou Zhicheng , Jia Shulei L.
Published: December 2024

As an infectious viral pathogen, human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) can cause severe respiratory infections and is recognized as one of the highest priority pathogens by the World Health Organization (WHO). Although vaccines play an important role in disease prevention and transmission, the wild-type virus is usually prone to immune escape due to the relatively high mutation rate of biological proteins. Therefore, designing a broad-spectrum hRSV vaccine is essential to provide extensive protection against multiple viral variants. Using a consensus sequence approach, we designed a broad-spectrum T-cell epitope vaccine composed of 382 amino acids, consisting of 12 CTLs and 5 HTLs from the fusion protein and glycoprotein. The designed multi-epitope vaccine was expected to have non-allergenicity, high population coverage, strong antigenicity and immunogenicity, appropriate physical and chemical properties, and high solubility. Meanwhile, the structure of the vaccine had a high similarity to that of the natural virus. In addition, through structural biology analysis, the constructed vaccine achieved robust structural compactness and binding stability. Computer-generated immunological simulations indicated that the vaccine could elicit realistic immune responses in humans. In conclusion, the broad-spectrum hRSV vaccine could be an excellent candidate for preventing hRSV infection. The employed prediction pipeline proved to be an efficient method for screening immunogenic epitopes of additional pathogens.
1-year follow-up of pulmonary CT and function in patients recovering from ARDS induced by H1N1 influenza
Authors: Xu Xiaoli , Tang Xiao , Ouyang Tao , Wang Zixing , Li Jialu , Gao Yanli , Zhai Xiaoli , Sun Bing , Yang Qi
Published: December 2024

Background Patients recovering from pneumonia-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) may demonstrate persistent lung abnormalities and declining pulmonary function. However, a comprehensive assessment of long-term outcomes in survivors of influenza A (H1N1) remains insufficiently explored. This study was to identify and characterize pulmonary radiological and functional impairments in patients with ARDS caused by H1N1 pneumonia during 1 year of follow-up after discharge.Methods We conducted a prospective, single-center, longitudinal cohort study on patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) due to H1N1 pneumonia complicated by ARDS from March 2016 to December 2020. Serial chest CT scans were obtained from admission to 1 year after discharge and longitudinally analyzed. The extent of CT abnormalities was semi-quantitatively scored in detail. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with CT score and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) at follow-up.Results Among 345 patients diagnosed with ARDS, 92 individuals (26.7%) were diagnosed with laboratory-confirmed H1N1 pneumonia, 59 survivors (mean age, 47.2 years ± 13.2 [SD]; 43 men) completed follow-up and were included in the final analysis. At 1-year follow-up, 29/32 patients (90.6%) exhibited CT abnormalities and more than 80% were characterized by parenchymal bands and reticular lesions. In the multiple linear regression model, age and duration of ICU stay demonstrated a correlation with 1-year CT score (R2 = 0.574). Furthermore, smoking status and CT scores of reticular lesions were correlated with 1-year DLCO percent predicted (R2 = 0.386).Conclusions Over 90% of patients with H1N1-ARDS exhibited pulmonary parenchymal abnormalities 1 year following discharge, predominantly characterized by pulmonary fibrotic lesions, which were associated with a decline in pulmonary diffusion capacity.