bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CLASSIFICATION OF THE EARTH'S SURFACE IMAGE UTILIZING THE HOG AND ANN ALGORITHMS
Authors: Venkatasalam K. , V.Yamini  , D. Prasaniya  , B. Sanjana
Published: February 2025

The crucial motive of this present paper is to probe and classify the globe’s top area picture as the image of the Satellite. On the globe’s surface, it is immensely arduous to plainly classify the hydrosphere and atmosphere, because some on occasions, the two spheres are in the same form, so, it is exceedingly grueling to categorize both spheres. The rationale of classifying this is, the vapor in the atmosphere is cooled by the earth, which is quelled and then as rained. Space explorers therefore need to appraise the quantity of spheres before the precipitation and the amount of spheres after the shower. Here some great ways suggested measuring them minutely. First, picture of the world's surface is taken by satellite; The HOG procedure is utilized to deblocking principal aspects of the image. Then, in the taxonomy algorithms, the most worthwhile ANN approach is utilized for this activity. The paper was therefore elaborated in the hope that the paper would utilize a superior mechanism and give researchers better gratification.
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES: A GLOBAL CRISIS
Authors: Mukul Shobhika
Published: February 2025

Today, the world has reached a point where it has obstructed the very source of its development-sustainable growth. Environmental issues have become one of the most critical challenges globally, and sustainable development has stagnated, which is severely affecting the overall progress of life on Earth. If attention is not paid to environmental issues, it may become increasingly difficult for future generations to survive. Problems such as climate change, pollution, and the extinction of plants and animals are continuously escalating. The solution to these issues is only possible through collective efforts. All countries must collaborate and take responsibility for environmental conservation. If we fail to act today, these problems may become even more severe in the future, posing a grave threat to both humanity and the planet.
INDIA’S MARITIME SECURITY ENGAGEMENT IN AFRICAN ISLANDS
Authors: Neha Nikita
Published: February 2025

India's growing power in the Indian Ocean underscores the nation's essential role in maintaining regional stability and fostering international trade. The country has held a crucial role in enhancing security of African island nations by forming strong marine alliances with countries such as Mauritius and Seychelles, particularly through effective coastal surveillance and defense projects. The Indian Ocean, once known as a 'British Lake,' has evolved into an important global commerce route, connecting Eastern and Western economies via major choke points like the Suez Canal and the Malacca Strait. During the period of Cold War, the region experienced intense power struggles between the America and the Russia. Today, it remains a key arena for competition over resources, trade routes, and environmental challenges.India's unique geographical position, which extends into the Indian Ocean, along with its expanding naval and military capability, provides a strategic advantage in influencing maritime governance in the respective region. The strategic design of the Indian Navy highlights the significance of naval power not only in safeguarding national interests but also in advancing wider diplomatic goals. As India's presence at sea expands, it will be crucial in taking care of regional peace, enhancing security, and ensuring the sustainable management of ocean resources.
Activities, Resources, and Learning Environment: A Case Study of Science Learning at Sekolah Alam
Authors: Andriani Nova , Maison  , Nazarudin
Published: February 2025

This study examines science education activities, resources, and the learning environment at Sekolah Alam Al Fath Jambi Junior High School. Using a case study approach, the research involves direct observations, interviews with teachers and students, and learning materials analysis to understand the impact of various learning methods on student outcomes. The findings highlight that science learning activities align with the Sekolah Alam concept, emphasizing project-based, experiential, nature-based, and collaborative approaches. Learning occurs inside and outside the classroom, utilizing the natural surroundings for exploration and field experiments. Resources include school gardens, outbound areas, natural materials, and collaborations with local experts. The learning environment, assessed through the WIHIC questionnaire, supports student success through dimensions like cohesiveness, teacher support, involvement, task orientation, cooperation, equity, enjoyment, and academic efficacy. This study underscores the effectiveness of nature-integrated and experiential approaches in enhancing science learning outcomes and offers recommendations for advancing educational practices in similar settings.
The Need of Wider and Deeper Skin Biopsy in Verrucous Carcinoma of the Sole
Authors: Luca Damiani , Giuseppe Argenziano , Andrea Ronchi , Francesca Pagliuca , Emma Carraturo , Vincenzo Piccolo , Gabriella Brancaccio
Published: February 2025

Verrucous carcinoma is a rare, slow-growing squamous cell carcinoma that can occur in acral regions, including the plantar surface, being named carcinoma cuniculatum. The tumor presents as a well-demarcated, exudative lesion, resembling benign conditions like warts or infections. In this case, a verrucous lesion on the left plantar surface initially appeared to be non-malignant, with multiple incisional biopsies showing only inflammation. A final excisional biopsy of a large part of it confirmed the initial suspicion of malignancy, prompting complete excision and appropriate management. This case underscores the importance of performing wide and deep biopsies for early diagnosis and timely treatment of a suspected verrucous carcinoma.
Critical Analysis of the Overall Uncertainties in the Radiotherapy Treatment Process
Authors: De Almeida Carlos Eduardo
Published: February 2025

The integration of all the steps involved in the treatment process is quite complex, as it involves the correct knowledge of the dose-response curves developed in laboratory experiments, the translation of these results to the clinic, the adequate delineation of the tumor, the appropriate dose prescribed for each type of tumor and delivered daily to the patient. For example, the correct assessment of the dose administered to a patient strongly depends on an interconnected chain of steps executed harmoniously, as the demand for accuracy of a given dosimetry procedure is very high. In this case, the measurement results must be represented the best possible reported values with their typical uncertainties to allow clinical results to be achieved and comparable with those of other institutions. The robustness of the chain of events is often fragile, with uncertainties at each stage sometimes not considered or sometimes difficult to estimate, requiring different conceptual and statistical approaches at various times in the decision-making process. As a result, as the additive sequence of uncertainties is generally not fully considered, and the clinical outcome may not be as anticipated. The objective of this review is to critically and constructively highlight the weak points observed in the interrelationship of all steps that lead to better tumor control and ultimately, to provoke a reflection on the theme.
Rosacrucianismo no Brasil
Authors: Kloppenburg Boaventura
Published: February 2025

No ano de 1610 começou a circular na Alemanha um curioso manuscrito intitulado Fama Fraternitatis Rosae Crucis e que foi impresso quatro anos depois, em Cassei. Já no ano seguinte, em 1615, saía a quarta edição, juntamente com a Confessio Fraternitatis Rosae Crucis ad eruditos Europae, também anónima. Neste acréscimo publicou-se também um apêndice, no qual era narrada a fabulosa história de um certo Christian Rosenkreutz, que teria sido o fundador da referida fraternidade e que também lhe teria dado o nome. Pois “Rosenkreutz” significa Rosa-Cruz...
GDP OF THE G7 AFTER THE FINANCIAL CRISIS
Authors: Radziyevska Svitlana
Published: February 2025

GDP and GDP per capita as economic barometers gauge the scale of a nation’s economy and the living standards of its people. The objective of the paper is to examine the dynamics of the GDP and the GDP per capita of the G7 nations after the financial crisis of 2008-2009. Methodology. The data, taken from the official sites of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank, the United Nations, as well as monographs, articles, etc. served as the information source for using various methods, including those of experts’ assessments, comparative, graphic analysis, etc. The results demonstrate the strengthening of the US and the unstable growth of the other six members of the G7 during 2010-2023: according to the UNCTAD, the US share of the G7 rose from 45,97% to 58,52%; the US share of the world grew by 3,02%; in terms of nominal GDP, the increase was uneven across the G7: the US GDP climbed by 81,54%, or $12’284 bln; while that of Germany – by 30,75%, or $1’049 bln; Italy – by 4,92%, or $105 bln; Japan’s GDP dropped by 23,79%, or $1’307 bln. In 2023, compared to 2022, GDP per capita increased: in the US by $4’723; in France – by $4’023; in Germany – by $3’863; in Italy – by $3’544; in the UK – by $3’412; nevertheless, GDP per capita fell in Canada by $1’309 and in Japan – by $214. In 2023, according to the IMF, all the G7 members are in the top ten countries in terms of nominal GDP; and five out of seven (except Canada and Italy) are in the top ten by GDP based on PPP. The G7 share of the global economy fell from 50.09% to 43.78% between 2010 and 2022. According to the World Bank, in terms of GDP based on PPP, in 2023 the US ranked second, Japan – fifth, Germany – sixth, France – ninth, the UK – tenth, Italy – eleventh, Canada – sixteenth. According to the United Nations, India ranked first in terms of GDP growth (8.2%), followed by China (5.2%); the US and Brazil ranked third (2.9%) while the eurozone’s GDP growth rate was merely 0.4%. Practical implications. The contradictory course of globalization will push nations towards self-sufficiency, as well as cooperation with others on the regional level in order to survive amid turbulence. The leaders, as well as the leaders-to-be are expected not only to cooperate with each other, but also to take more responsibility for the future of the global world. Value/originality. It is essential to take into account the balance of power in the global space, to analyze various combinations of relations between states and groups, as well as states within groups to ensure the sustainable development of all the countries involved.
Integrating Local Conservation Efforts with SDG15 in the Aba Prefecture China
Authors: Luo Wuzhuoma  , Sarah Aziz
Published: February 2025

Biodiversity is a critical component for sustainable human development. The recently concluded Sixteenth Conference of Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity 2024 highlighted the need for whole of society mobilization to address the global biodiversity crisis by translating international conservation commitments into effective local actions. A study to understand the linkages between ecological conservation measures in Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 15 target 15.5, was undertaken, using the content analysis method that reviewed international conventions, national policies, and local government measures and practices. The study revealed that there was a strong link with between Aba's conservation strategies and SDG 15 particularly target 15.5 in reducing natural habitat degradation, curbing biodiversity loss, and protecting endangered species. The Aba Prefecture has established 25 nature reserves, that are regulated by stringent wetland protection measures, and comprehensive legal frameworks for biodiversity conservation which is in line with SDG 15. The findings further show that that the Aba Prefecture's efforts in ecosystem conservation, species protection, and sustainable resource utilization can be used to help meet SDG 15 target 15.5. The study also identified steps to help localize SDG aspirations and goals, by strengthening long-term data monitoring and local herder participation. These insights can be used to support other initiatives and measures in other similar biodiversity-rich regions seeking to implement global conservation goals at the local level, particularly in ecologically sensitive mountainous areas.
Strategies for mitigating nurse burnout: A comprehensive survey and analysis
Authors: David Thomas Omoregie  , Zubeida Ozavize Yusuf
Published: February 2025

Nurses’ burnout has always been a very important and critical issue that has plagued the health care sector for a long time. Tackling this problem will help to improve the quality of the sector by ensuring that the nurses do not face emotional exhaustion and dissatisfaction. This resesrch paper highlights the causes and the consequences of burnout among nurses. This is carried out by exploring the efficiency and effectiveness of resilience-building programs across five countries: the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and India. To carry out this investigation, a mixed-methods approach was employed. This combines survey data from 500 nurses with qualitative analysis to identify key patterns and differences among regions. Findings reveal that staffing shortages, excessive workloads, and limited mental health resources are common contributors to burnout, while organizational support and structured resilience training significantly reduce emotional drain and job dissatisfaction. Cross-country comparisons indicate that systemic factors such as healthcare funding models, cultural attitudes toward mental health, and policy frameworks influence burnout levels. The study emphasizes the need for tailored, evidence-based interventions, including flexible scheduling, peer support networks, and access to mental health services to address burnout effectively. The results aim to inform policymakers and healthcare organizations about best practices for mitigating burnout, ensuring a healthier workforce and improved patient care outcomes.
Building an AI portfolio for aspiring data scientists
Authors: Anjaneyulu Prabala Sriram
Published: February 2025

This article will walk you through the essential elements of building an AI portfolio that not only showcases your skills but helps you land your dream role in data science. From selecting impactful projects and implementing industry-standard practices to documenting your work and engaging with the tech community, we'll cover everything you need to create a portfolio that resonates with potential employers and sets you apart in the competitive data science landscape. Remember, in a field where innovation happens daily, your portfolio is more than just a showcase—it's a narrative of your growth, expertise, and potential as a data scientist. Let's begin this journey of crafting a portfolio that opens doors to exciting opportunities in the world of artificial intelligence.
Enhancing financial security: AI-driven anti-money laundering (AML) and compliance monitoring in the banking sector
Authors: Venkata Raja Ravi Kumar Gelle
Published: February 2025

Evolving financial crime risks like money laundering and fraud in banking require the introduction of strong compliance frameworks alongside effective anti-money laundering (AML) approaches. Current AML systems battle to manage modern financial crimes because they produce high numbers of false positives and display operational inefficiencies. Artificial intelligence leads a transformative movement against security challenges through real-time transaction monitoring combined with anomaly detection and predictive analytics. AI-driven Anti-Money Laundering systems apply machine learning along with natural language processing capabilities and robotic process automation to improve fraud detection accuracy while cutting operational expenses and stick to regulatory standards. Through examination and measurable results this research showcases how AI adoption in AML applications leads to a 70% false positive reduction while boosting high-risk events detection by 30%. AI deployment within anti-money laundering mechanisms faces multiple implementation obstacles like poor data integrity and expensive solutions combined with unclear regulatory norms plus ethical dilemmas. Future research directions for enhanced financial security evolve from innovative prospects of explainable AI together with blockchain and quantum computing technologies. These technological enhancements create a safer and more transparent financial ecosystem while demonstrating AI's vital importance to worldwide financial stability.
Home management of pneumonia among mothers of under 5 children attending out-patient pediatric clinic at Osun State University Teaching Hospital, Osogbo
Authors: Anthonia,Oguguo Confidence ONYENWENYI  , Treasure Ifeanyichukwu OJEI  , Emmanuel Ifeabunike OKECHUKWU  , Itunu, Karimat JOLAYEMI
Published: February 2025

Pneumonia, though a preventable, treatable and curable disease, still poses significant threat to the lives of under-five children in Nigeria. This study assessed the home management of pneumonia among mothers of children under-5 years attending paediatric clinic at Osun State University Teaching Hospital, Osogbo from July to October, 2023.

The study deployed a descriptive cross-sectional research design with simple random sampling technique to select one hundred and seventy (170) mothers of under-five aged children. An adapted validated questionnaire was used to collect data. Hypothesis was tested using the chi square test. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 26.

The result from the study revealed that a preponderant proportion of respondents (98%) had good knowledge of home management of pneumonia in children. Nearly two-thirds (70.6%) had positive attitude towards home management of pneumonia. Majority (89.4%) reportedly had a good practice towards home management of pneumonia. Furthermore, a significant relationship was found between educational level of the respondent and the home management of pneumonia (P= 0.04, χ2=2.680a). There was no significant relationship between the age of the respondent and their knowledge of home management of pneumonia (P= 0.07, χ2=6.894a).

The mothers of children of five years and below in this study had relatively adequate knowledge about the signs and symptoms of pneumonia, the risk factors and treatment measures, a reflection of proactive practices and good attitude among them. Continuing health education and reinforcement mechanisms are necessary to sustain the high knowledge level and positive attitude revealed in this study.
The use of TikTok social media with dating behavior: A literature review
Authors: Aisya Putri Maharani
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Adolescents experience significant changes in physical, emotional, and social aspects, including in dating behavior. Some forms of dating behavior, such as kissing, necking, petting, and intercourse, have the potential to increase the risk of premarital sexual intercourse among adolescents. In addition, the use of social media such as TikTok also influences the mindset and behavior of adolescents, including in relationships. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the use of TikTok social media with dating behavior in adolescents.

Method: The research design used in this paper is a literature review with 10 journals, 3 international journals and 7 national journals.

Result and Discussion: Of the ten articles used in this literature review, some of them shows that there is a significant influence of TikTok social media on dating behavior.

Conclusion: TikTok can have a positive or negative impact depending on how it is used, so awareness and control are needed in its use to minimize adverse effects on adolescent behavior.
AI driven strategic decision-making in IT project management: Enhancing risk assessment, cost control, and efficiency
Authors: Sakhawat Hussain Tanim  , Md Sabbir Ahmad
Published: February 2025

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in IT project management has redefined strategic decision-making, offering unprecedented improvements in risk assessment, cost control, and overall efficiency. Traditional IT project management frameworks often struggle with dynamic risk factors, cost overruns, and inefficiencies stemming from human errors, outdated methodologies, and resource misallocation. AI-driven decision-making leverages predictive analytics, machine learning, and natural language processing to enhance data-driven insights, automate repetitive tasks, and optimize project performance. From a broad perspective, AI enables IT project managers to shift from reactive to proactive decision-making, significantly mitigating uncertainties through advanced risk assessment models. AI-powered algorithms analyse historical project data, identify emerging risks, and recommend mitigation strategies in real time, thereby reducing project delays and budget deviations. Moreover, AI optimizes cost control by providing intelligent budgeting frameworks, forecasting financial constraints, and ensuring resource allocation aligns with strategic objectives. By automating labor-intensive processes such as documentation, scheduling, and stakeholder communication, AI enhances productivity and efficiency while minimizing operational bottlenecks. Narrowing down, AI-driven decision support systems, such as cognitive computing and reinforcement learning models, further refine project execution by adapting to real-time changes and optimizing resource distribution dynamically. The synergy between AI and IT project management fosters a data-centric culture where real-time analytics, intelligent automation, and continuous learning enhance project success rates. However, challenges such as ethical considerations, data privacy, and AI interpretability must be addressed to maximize its potential. This study explores the transformative role of AI in IT project management, emphasizing its contributions to risk mitigation, cost efficiency, and sustainable project execution.
Analisis Faktor Risiko Kejadian Adverse Drug Reaction Obat Anti Inflamasi Non Steroid Pada Pasien Gout
Authors: Permata Amaliyah , Azmi Rizki Nur
Published: February 2025

Gout artritis adalah bentuk radang sendi parah yang disebabkan oleh penumpukan kristal di persendian akibat kadar asam urat yang berlebihan di dalam tubuh. Menurut Riset Kesehatan Dasar, prevalensi artritis gout di Indonesia adalah 11,9% pada tahun 2013, dan meningkat menjadi 18,9% pada tahun 2018. Obat antiinflamasi nonsteroid dapat meredakan gejala gout artritis. Penggunaan obat ini dalam jangka panjang dapat menimbulkan efek samping berupa nyeri gastrointestinal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil kejadian adverse drug reaction penggunaan obat antiinflamasi non steroid pada pasien gout dan mengetahui faktor risiko kejadian adverse drug reaction penggunaan obat antiinflamasi non steroid pada pasien gout. Metode yang digunakan adalah observasional dan cross-sectional dengan pengumpulan data secara prospektif menggunakan formulir monitoring efek samping obat dan juga algoritma naranjo yang dikumpulkan melalui wawancara pasien. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan SPSS uji Fisher. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa profil kejadian adverse drug reaction penggunaan obat antiinflamasi non steroid pada pasien gout didapatkan Jenis obat yang paling banyak menyebabkan adverse drug reaction yaitu natrium diklofenak sebanyak 70% dan asam mefenamat sebanyak 30%. Kejadian adverse drug reaction yang paling sering dikeluhkan yaitu perih pada perut sebanyak 56,3%. Berdasarkan hasil uji fisher’s, jenis kelamin dan Riwayat penyakit lambung memiliki nilai P<0,05 hasil tersebut menunjukan bahwa jenis kelamin dan riwayat penyakit lambung merupakan faktor risiko kejadian Adverse Drug Reaction penggunaan obat anti inflamasi non steroid.
Pengelola dan Daftar Isi Vol. 20 No. 01 Juli 2023
Authors: (Pharmaceutical Journal Of Indonesia) PHARMACY: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia
Published: February 2025

Pengelola dan Daftar Isi Vol. 20 No. 01 Juli 2023
Indeks dan Panduan Penulis Pharmacy Vol. 20 No. 01 Juli 2023
Authors: (Pharmaceutical Journal Of Indonesia) PHARMACY: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia
Published: February 2025

Indeks dan Panduan Penulis Pharmacy Vol. 20 No. 01 Juli 2023
Analisis Cepat Kandungan Metamizole dan Deksametason pada Jamu Pegal Linu dengan Metode FTIR Kombinasi dengan Kemometrik
Authors: Rahayu Wiranti Sri , Buono Erfan Cahyo , Raharjo Aditya Singgih
Published: February 2025

Penambahan bahan kimia obat ke dalam jamu banyak dilakukan dengan tujuan meningkatkan khasiat dalam terapi. Salah satu bahan kimia obat yang ditambahkan adalah deksametason dan metamizol yang berfungsi sebagai antiradang dan analgetik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan metode analisis FTIR yang dikombinasi dengan kemometrik agar mampu mengidentifikasi dexametason dan metamizol pada jamu pegal linu secara simultan. Metamizol baku, deksametason baku dan sampel jamu diidentifikasi dengan metode ATR-FTIR yang dikombinasi dengan kemometrik PCA dan PLS pada bilangan gelombang 400-4000 cm-1. Hasil analisis score plot PCA menunjukkan FTIR yang dikombinasi kemometrik mampu mengklasifikasikan dexametason, metamizol dan sampel jamu referensi. Analisis kuantitatif dengan PLS menunjukkan nilai R2 0,999 dan RMSEC sebesar 0,325 pada campuran biner sampel jamu referensi dan deksametason. Sedangkan analisis PLS  pada campuran biner sampel jamu referensi dan metamizol menunjukkan nilai R2 0,998 dan RMSEC sebesar 0,676. Hasil validasi silang (cross validation) menunjukkan nilai RMSEC yang kecil dan nilai R2 mendekati 1 pada rentang konsetrasi 10-50% campuran deksametason atau metamizol dengan sampel jamu pegal linu referensi. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode FTIR yang dikombinasikan dengan kemometrik mampu mengidentifikasi adanya kandungan BKO metamizol dan deksametason dalam jamu pegal linu secara simultan.
Capacity Building for Early Childhood Education (PAUD) Teachers in Leihitu Barat District, Central Maluku Regency
Authors: Tutupary Rosmaryn , Sahetapy Lisa M , Abarua Hermalina , Kundre Junita L , Abednego Abednego , Sahalessy Arnold , Lokollo Lamberthus J , Noya Ferdinanda S , Amorsea Rahma , Indah Wa Ode
Published: February 2025

Improving the capacity of early childhood education (PAUD) teachers in Leihitu Barat District is a strategic step towards enhancing the quality of early childhood education in the region. This study aims to enhance teachers' understanding of the eight accreditation standards set by the government through continuous training and mentoring programs. The methods applied include interactive training, workshops, and direct mentoring by experts. The program's results indicate an increase in teachers' competencies in implementing play-based and contextual learning approaches that are relevant to children's developmental needs. Additionally, collaboration with external institutions, such as universities and local communities, has enriched the training content and expanded access to educational resources. This program is expected to continue as a sustainable effort to ensure that accreditation standards are met and to improve the quality of early childhood education
Mapping of Aquifer Zone Land Units in the Fault Area of Part of Batumerah Village, Ambon City
Authors: Tetelepta Edward Gland , Widyanti Sri
Published: February 2025

This community service activity aims to map the land unit of aquifer zones in the fault area of Batumerah Village, Sirimau District, Ambon City, as a strategic step in groundwater resource management. Using geo-electromagnetic methods and Surfer 9.0 software, the activity successfully identified aquifer locations with an optimal depth of 50–80 meters. The collected data were analyzed and presented in the form of a Geographic Information System (GIS) to support integrated and sustainable water management planning. This activity involved village officials and the local community through education and data-based training to enhance their capacity to independently understand and manage water resources. The results showed that a technology-based approach combined with community participation is effective in providing solutions to groundwater availability challenges in fault areas. This activity is expected to serve as a foundation for better water resource management, with recommendations including continuous training, regular data updates, and community education on the importance of water conservation in the face of climate change.
Iron Doped Calcium Manganese Oxide Cathode Materials for Aqueous Zinc Secondary Batteries
Authors: Asano Gota , Kojima Yoshiyuki
Published: February 2025

In recent years, zinc secondary batteries, which utilize a water-based electrolyte and offer high safety, have attracted attention as post-lithium-ion batteries. Zn has a high specific capacity (820 mAh/g) and a redox potential of -0.76 V (versus the standard hydrogen electrode) as a cathode. Furthermore, combining it with new cathode materials could significantly enhance performance. In particular, layered compounds containing manganese are inexpensive, widely used in industry, and considered promising candidates. This study synthesized calcium manganese oxide with a layered structure and investigated its potential as a cathode material for zinc secondary batteries. It is already known that Ca₂Mn₃O₈ has a layered structure and can be synthesized with a Mn/Ca atomic ratio ranging from 1.5 to 2.5. This research examined the effect of adding Fe and Al to this calcium manganese oxide on battery performance. When Fe was added, the battery capacity increased by 20%, reaching 177 mAh/g compared to the sample without Fe. This increase is believed to result from an increased interlayer distance, promoting the incorporation of structural water and enhancing ion conversion reactions during charge and discharge. However, adding Al was found to have no beneficial effect on battery performance.
The Analysis of the Ability NaOH Activated Rice Husk Ash Silica to Reduce Cl Ion Levels
Authors: Febryzha Nurul Widya , Harimu La , Mulyana Wa Ode , Mandasari Ekacahyana
Published: February 2025

Research has been carried out to analyze the ability of NaOH-activated rice husk Ash Silica to reduce Cl Ion Levels. This study aimed to determine the optimum mass, optimum pH, optimum contact time and apply NaOH-activated rice husk ash silica to reduce Cl ion levels in seawater. The method used in this study was an experimental method with the parameters studied, namely optimum mass, optimum pH, optimum contact time, and the ability of NaOH-activated rice husk ash silica to reduce Cl ion levels in seawater. The results showed that the optimum adsorbed percentage of Cl ions occurred at an optimum mass of 0.025 gram, optimum pH of 7, and optimum contact time of 30 minutes with an adsorbed percentage of 45.7% and an adsorption capacity of 9.14 mg/g. The Cl ion content of seawater samples that can be reduced using NaOH-activated rice husk ash silica is 16.925 ppm with an adsorbed percentage of 33.85%, so it can be concluded that NaOH-activated rice husk ash silica can be used to reduce Cl ion levels.
The Juridical Review on Payment Security and Protection of Authors' Rights in Journal Publication
Authors: Adnan Muhammad Ali , Sunarto Atika , Khair Azizan
Published: February 2025

Copyright is an exclusive right held by the creator over his/her work, whether in the form of scientific, literary, artistic, or technological works. In the context of publishing scientific journals, copyright relates to control over published scientific works, including distribution, reproduction, and royalty payments. Meanwhile, royalties are payments received by authors or creators in return for the use of their creative works, which are usually calculated based on the number of copies or accesses made to the work. The main objective of this study is to Legal Review of Payment Security and Protection of Authors' Rights in Journal Publication. The method used is a qualitative approach with an analysis of scientific journal publishing contracts and interviews with authors involved in the publication. The results of the study indicate significant inequality between publishers and authors in terms of the distribution of copyright and royalties. Many authors, especially in developing countries, do not receive fair compensation, even though their work provides great benefits to publishers. The practice of transferring copyright entirely to publishers and the lack of transparency in royalty reports are major factors that exacerbate this injustice. The conclusion of this study is that stricter and more transparent regulations are needed to ensure a fair distribution of royalties, as well as protection of authors' copyright. Open access models and merit-based payment systems are considered potential solutions to create a fairer ecosystem in scientific journal publishing. Authors are encouraged to gain more control over their work, while publishers need to provide transparent reporting on the use of the work and the distribution of royalties.
Kontroversi Komersialisasi Dakwah: Perspektif Dakwah Profetik
Authors: Muhammad Hamdan Yuwafik  , Moh Muslimin  , Afif Mahmudi
Published: February 2025

The commercialization of da'wah is a growing phenomenon in the digital era, where preachers utilize social media platforms and offline events as sources of income. This study aims to analyze the controversy surrounding da'wah commercialization from the perspective of prophetic da'wah, which emphasizes humanization, liberation, and transcendence. Using a qualitative approach with a case study method, data was collected through interviews, observations, and documentation of preachers and the public. The findings indicate that while commercialization can expand the reach of religious messages, it also risks shifting da'wah into a profit-oriented activity. The study's implications highlight the need for clearer regulations and ethical guidelines to ensure alignment with prophetic values. This research contributes to understanding the balance between monetization and the essence of da'wah in the digital era.
Waris Beda Agama dalam Kitab Bidayatul Mujtahid
Authors: Ma'mun Mohamad
Published: February 2025

In Islamic inheritance law, it has been explained in detail and clearly about the procedures for the distribution and transfer of inheritance to the heirs and the things that prevent the heirs from getting the inheritance from the heir. This prohibition is based on the hadith of the prophet. However, this law is not a single law, there are differences of opinion among scholars. This type of research is qualitative research, which in the study process used library material (library research) which examines library material related to Ibn Rushd's legal istinbath method in the Book of Bidayatul Mujtahid wa Nihayatul Muqtasid about the inheritance of different religions. From the results of the author's research, there are several results, namely: Ibn Rushd in deciding an Islamic law employment the Qur'an and al-Sunnah as the most premise. But since the two sources are exceptionally constrained, he too employments ijtihad as an elective strategy to unravel the developing issues of Sharia law. In fathoming the progressively complex issues of Sharia law, Ibn Rushd broadly utilized qiyas (similarity). Another result regarding inheritance from different religions, in the Bidayatul Mujtahid book, is explained: First, there is no inheritance between the two. Regarding inheritance between different religions, the book Bidayatul Mujtahid explains: First, there is no inheritance between the two. Given the concept of fiqh mawaris, a Muslim cannot inherit the property of a non-Muslim, and vice versa a non-Muslim cannot inherit the property of a Muslim. Secondly, Ats-Tsauri and the majority of the scholars of Kuffah, as well as the majority of the scholars of Basrah think that his inheritance can be passed on to Muslim heirs, but not vice versa. This opinion was also derived from Ibn Mas'ud and Ali ibn Abi Talib.
Sosialisasi Anti Bullying sebagai Upaya Mengurangi Kasus Bullying pada Lingkungan Sekolah Dasar di SDN1 Sidowarek
Authors: Aisya Vira , Aula Lathifatun Nikmatil , Hidayati Sofia , Sintia Linda , Ainniyah Ulfa Nurul , Ali Badun
Published: February 2025

Sosialisasi anti-bullying yang diadakan di SDN 1 Sidowarek bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman yang mendalam kepada siswa mengenai dampak negatif dari bullying serta upaya pencegahannya. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan dengan melibatkan siswa kelas 4 dan 5 dan dirancang secara interaktif untuk memastikan materi dapat dipahami dengan baik oleh para siswa. Pada kegiatan sosialisasi anti bullying di sekolah SDN Sidowarek 1 akan menggunakan metode PAR atau Participatory Action Research. Kegiatan ini dirancang untuk mengatasi masalah perilaku bullying yang masih sering dianggap sebagai candaan oleh siswa, padahal tindakan tersebut dapat menyebabkan dampak psikologis yang serius bagi korban. Antusiasme siswa selama kegiatan berlangsung dan peningkatan pemahaman mereka mengenai bullying, yang mencapai 98% setelah kegiatan selesai. Ini menunjukkan bahwa sosialisasi ini efektif dalam meningkatkan kesadaran siswa akan pentingnya menghentikan perilaku bullying di lingkungan sekolah. Harapannya, sosialisasi ini tidak hanya mampu mencegah kasus bullying di SDN 1 Sidowarek, tetapi juga membentuk generasi yang lebih baik dan peduli terhadap sesama. Sosialisasi ini menjadi langkah penting dalam menciptakan lingkungan sekolah yang aman dan mendukung perkembangan mental dan emosional siswa.
Health Coaching Based on Social Cognitive Theory in Increasing Compliance with Fluid Restrictions, Controlling Interdialytic Weight Gain and Improving the Quality of Life of Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Arie Kusumo Dewi  , Ima Nadatien  , Raden Khairiyatul Afiyah
Published: February 2025

Background: Chronic kidney failure requires long-term treatments like hemodialysis, a vital therapy for managing the disease. Patient compliance with fluid restrictions and controlling interdialytic weight gain (IDWG) significantly impacts therapy effectiveness. Health coaching based on social cognitive theory may enhance understanding, motivation, and healthy behaviors in hemodialysis patients.
Purpose: This study aims to analyze the impact of health coaching based on social cognitive theory on compliance with fluid intake restrictions, IDWG control, and quality of life in chronic kidney failure patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a pre-post test control group design involved 38 hemodialysis patients selected via simple random sampling. The intervention group received social cognitive theory-based health coaching sessions for four weeks, while the control group received standard care following hospital procedures. Data collection included daily fluid restriction records, IDWG measurements, and a validated quality of life questionnaire, with pre- and post-intervention comparisons.
Results: The intervention group demonstrated a significant improvement in compliance with fluid restrictions (p < 0.011), better IDWG control (p < 0.021), and enhanced quality of life (p < 0.001) compared to the control group.
Conclusion: Health coaching based on social cognitive theory effectively improves fluid restriction compliance, reduces IDWG, and enhances the quality of life in hemodialysis patients. Integrating this approach into routine hemodialysis care can optimize therapeutic outcomes and significantly benefit patients.
Pre-Hospital Handling in the Community, a Qualitative Research
Authors: Wiseno Bambang , Mohammad Ikhwan Khosasih  , Fajar Rinawati  , Didik Susetiyanto Atmojo  , Elfi Quyumi Rahmawati  , Dwi Rahayu
Published: February 2025

Background: Emergency handling before transferring to the hospital (Pre-Hospital treatment) determines the success of emergency case handling. That’s actions include; emergency and non-emergency evacuation and first aid escort in the community. Pre-hospital treatment can be carried out by anyone who is around the location of the emergency at the time of the incident. This treatment aims to identify clients and to provide immediate action needed before being sent to health services. Ordinary people who are around the incident sometimes take actions that worsen the client's condition because of their knowledge and/or abilities.
Purpose: This study aims to determine the perspective of the ordinary community on Pre-Hospital treatment for emergency incidents in the community.
Methods: This qualitative study was conducted by interviewing (in-depth-interview) the ordinary community as Informant with purposive sampling in Pelem Village, Pare District, Kediri Regency, Indonesia who willing to be informants in this study. Data analysis used Interpretative Phenomenology Analysis with validity through data triangulation and conducting peer-debriefing with other qualitative researchers.
Results: From this study, several findings of the theme were obtained, including; lack of understanding of residents about pre-hospital actions, wrong actions, feeling pre-hospital knowledge for public, need for the role of the media, hoping for health workers in each region, helping villagers.
Conclusion: From all the themes, it is possible that there needs to be health education for the general public, especially about pre-hospital treatment to prevent the severity of wrong actions. Increasing knowledge about health needs to be done continuously at the community.
The relationship between childhood trauma in mothers and maternal-fetal attachment: A scoping review
Authors: Suryaningsih Endang Koni , Abuk Elfrida Yustina , Mufdlilah Mufdlilah
Published: February 2025

An unpleasant childhood experience for a mother can be a risk factor that negatively impacts both the mother herself and her offspring. This review highlights the complexity and significant impact of childhood trauma on the maternal-fetal attachment relationship, emphasizing the need for a holistic approach in supporting maternal well-being and the positive development of the baby being conceived. The objectives of this review were (1) to identify the factors that affect the maternal-fetal attachment relationship, (2) to find out the relationship between childhood trauma in mothers and maternal-fetal attachment, (3) to identify the supporting and inhibiting factors of childhood trauma that affect maternal-fetal attachment.  The databases used in the search literature include Ebsco, Willey, PubMed, and ScienceDirect with articles from 2019 to 2023.The databases used in the search for lie tarur include Ebsco, Willey, PubMed, and ScienceDirect with articles from 2019 to 2023. Critical appraisal uses JBI's checklist, which includes all articles in category A. Seven articles are included in the inclusion criteria. The four themes obtained were the influence of the emotional environment on maternal-fetal attachment, sociodemographic characteristics, the relationship between maternal-fetal attachment and postnatal development, and the measurement of the relationship between prenatal, depression, and anxiety in mothers. The conclusion of this review is that maternal attachment during pregnancy plays an important role in predicting a child's emotional health and development, which emphasizes the need for holistic mental health care and adequate social support to reduce the negative impact of childhood trauma.
The Effect of Changing Gender Composition in the Labor Market on the Economic Growth of Syria before and after War Using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Model
Authors:   Department of Economics, University of Shaid Beheshti, Tehran, Iran, Ezghiyr Nareman , Varahrami Vida ,   Department of Economics, University of Shaid Beheshti, Tehran, Iran
Published: February 2025

Some economists, such as Kuznets, believe that differences in the labor force in these countries can explain differences in the level of economic growth of countries. In every country, human capital and physical capital are complementary, and these two capitals together contribute to countries' economic growth and development. In recent years, women's participation in the economies of developed countries has increased dramatically. In a country like Syria, which has experienced war, there has also been an increase in women's economic participation. The important point that the present study focuses on is that this increase is not based on a regular economic policy and a change in the gender composition of the labor force but is itself a consequence of the war. Therefore, considering the importance of the concept of human capital in economic development and the above-mentioned event in the post-war Syrian economy, this study examines the effect of changes in the composition of the labor force on economic growth in Syria during the period 2000-2019 using data from the Syrian Statistics Center and the World Bank. Data analysis using the ARDL model shows that compared to men's physical capital, women's participation and the total number of employees have a positive and significant relationship with economic growth. However, the relationship between exports and imports and economic growth is insignificant.
Does Work Ethic Reflect Economic Security ? A Multilevel Analysis of Two Decades of Work Ethic in Europe
Authors: Piters Raphaël
Published: February 2025

The negative correlation between socio-economic indicators and the strength of work ethic at country-level is well documented. However, the mechanisms driving this correlation remain unresolved. Modernization theory implies that a lack of economic security at individual-level increases the priorities for materialistic values, such as the work ethic. However, we argue that even if Inglehart always considered education as an excellent indicator of one’s economic security, there is only weak evidence that the effect of education on a person’s work ethic is due solely to economic security. Drawing on three waves of the Europe Values Study (EVS) and using multilevel modeling, we separately examine the explanatory power of education and economic security on work ethic between 1999 and 2017. The results show that economic security is weakly related with the level of work ethic, while the effect of education is significant and consistent. In the discussion, we address the newly identified limitations of modernization theory and propose an alternative explanation for the evolution of work ethic in Europe.
Inclusive Qualifying Exams Toolkit
Authors: Till Christy
Published: February 2025

Doctoral qualifying or comprehensive exams are widely used in the earth and space sciences, yet research on assessment pervasively demonstrates that high-stakes exams are heavily biased and poor predictors of success. To address these issues and work towards broadening participation in these fields, this toolkit presents related-research and strategies for academic units looking to update their qualifying exam practices.