bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improvement of the performance of a capacitive relative pressure sensor: case of large deflections
Authors: Achouch Samia , Regragui Fakhita , Gharbi Mourad
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Capacitive pressure sensors are widely used in a variety of
applications and are built using a variety of processes, including 3D
printing technology. The use of this technology could lead us to a situation
of large deflections, depending on the mechanical properties of the
materials and the resolution of the machines used. This aspect is rarely reported
in previous research works that focus on improving the performance in
terms of linearity and sensitivity of these sensors. This paper describes
the realization of relative pressure sensors designed as two different
structures; the first one is the classical design composed of a single
capacitor, while the second one is composed of two capacitors, designed in
such a way that they both vary according to the applied pressure but in
opposite senses to each other. The purpose is to study in particular the
performance of the second structure in the case of large deflections for
the context of educational use. Polylactic acid (PLA) is used as the manufacturing material to print the
sensors by means of a printer based on fused deposing modeling, while
conductive materials are used to provide the electrical conductivity
required for the printed sensors. The manufactured sensors were tested under
pressure in the range of [0; 9] KPa. Compared to the performance obtained
with the first structure, simulation and experimental results show that the
second structure improves linearity and allows the sensitivity to be increased from a minimum of 9.98×10-2 pF/hPa to a minimum of 3.4×10-1 pF/hPa.
A systematic exploration of satellite radar coherence methods for rapid landslide detection
Authors: Burrows Katy , Walters Richard J. , Milledge David , Densmore Alexander L.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Emergency responders require information on the distribution of triggered landslides within 2 weeks of an earthquake or storm. Useable satellite radar imagery is acquired within days of any such event worldwide. Recently, several landslide detection methods that use these data have been developed, but testing of these methods has been limited in each case to a single event and satellite sensor. Here we systematically test five methods using ALOS-2 and Sentinel-1 data across four triggering earthquakes. The best-performing method was dependent on the satellite sensor. For three of our four case study events, an initial ALOS-2 image was acquired within 2 weeks, and with these data, co-event coherence loss (CECL) is the best-performing method. Using a single post-event Sentinel-1 image, the best-performing method was the boxcar–sibling (Bx–S) method. We also present three new methods which incorporate a second post-event image. While the waiting time for this second post-event image is disadvantageous for emergency response, these methods perform more consistently and on average 10 % better across event and sensor type than the boxcar–sibling and CECL methods. Thus, our results demonstrate that useful landslide density information can be generated on the timescale of emergency response and allow us to make recommendations on the best method based on the availability and latency of post-event radar data.
A docência nos Institutos Federais em tempos pandêmicos
Authors: Gouvêa Nunes Patrícia , Nogueira Paniago Rosenilde , Sarmento Teresa
Published: November 2020

Este ensaio objetiva elucidar provocações teóricas sobre a docência nos Institutos Federais (IFs), em meio à pandemia do início do século XXI, problematizando os desafios, saberes docentes e necessidades formativas para o ensino não presencial. Em face do isolamento social, decorrente do novo coronavírus (COVID-19), os professores foram desafiados ao ensino por meio de aulas remotas não presenciais, tendo que mobilizar diversas estratégias didáticas, algumas de formas improvisadas, mediadas pelas tecnologias, para as quais, muitos não estavam qualificados. Na construção deste ensaio, recorre-se inicialmente, a uma reflexão sobre o contexto sócio político da educação brasileira pública em meio à pandemia. Posteriormente, discorre-se sobre o ensino não presencial no contexto pandêmico, sinalizando as orientações das diretrizes do CNE/MEC e; finalizar-se-á com algumas provocações teóricas sobre a docência, destacando os desafios e advogando a necessidade da formação para a mobilização de saberes docente que contemplem as necessidades do ensino-aprendizagem em um cenário tão complexo.
Palavras-chave: Docência. Ensino não presencial. Saberes docente.
Os impactos do coronavírus no saber fazer docente dos professores do ensino médio integrall
Authors: Aguiar Luciana , Nogueira Paniago Rosenilde , Ribeiro Cunha Fátima Suely
Published: November 2020

Este texto trata de um recorte de uma pesquisa, cujo foco é o saber fazer docente dos professores do ensino médio integral. No caso específico do presente artigo, apresenta-se os resultados parciais cujo objetivo foi identificar os impactos da Pandemia do Coronavírus (COVID-19) no saber fazer docente dos professores. Em face ao isolamento social necessário ao controle da pandemia, em consonância com as orientações da Organização Nacional de Saúde, a Secretaria da Educação do Estado de Goiás, por meio da Resolução CEE/CP n. 02/2020, que dispõe sobre o regime especial de aulas não presenciais no âmbito do Sistema Educativo do Estado de Goiás, adotou o formato de aulas remotas, mediadas pelas Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDIC). Esse formato é inédito para os professores da Educação Básica, considerando que, antes da pandemia, eles recorriam as TDIC somente como suporte pedagógico, especialmente, por meio de ferramentas digitais para auxiliar na apresentação dos conteúdos. Nesta pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, as narrativas (auto)biográficas foram utilizadas como procedimento de recolha de dados, sendo observadas as narrativas das pesquisadoras, registradas em diário de campo, e as narrativas de quatro professores das áreas de Linguagens, Ciências Humanas, Ciências da Natureza e Matemática, recolhidas por meio de entrevistas. Os resultados sinalizam que um dos maiores desafios dos professores foi se adequarem às necessidades do ensino remoto, pois não possuíam conhecimento necessário para compreender todas as especificidades de aplicativos e plataformas virtuais no processo ensino-aprendizagem; outro fator preocupante foi conseguir atingir a todos os alunos, fazer com que todos participassem do ensino remoto. Percebeu-se ainda que os professores precisaram reinventar o seu fazer docente em face dos desafios com as aulas remotas, adquirir novos saberes para lidar com os diferentes artefatos tecnológicos no processo de mediação da aprendizagem dos estudantes, sinalizando que o saber fazer docente do professor é uma constante metamorfose.
Palavras-chave: Ensino remoto. Saber fazer docente. Ensino mediado pela Tecnologia.
A educação na pandemia do novo coronavírus
Authors: Gomes Firmino Simone , Ferreira Gustavo
Published: November 2020

A inabilidade do governo federal brasileiro abarca todos os setores desde o social, passando pelo cultural, saúde pública, economia e educação. A economia se tornou mais importante do que salvar vidas e a perversidade do capitalismo faz com que haja uma queda de braço judicial entre os setores da economia e os poderes públicos. É importante discutir o acesso às Tecnologias Digitais da Informação e da Comunicação (TDICs), uma vez que, são os principais recursos de ligação entre professores e estudantes, além de, funcionarem como meio de efetivação de uma prática pedagógica à distância, imposta pelo isolamento social. Como tese, este ensaio busca evidenciar como as políticas públicas educacionais, direcionadas ao enfrentamento da pandemia de COVID-19, não levam em consideração a realidade desigual de acesso às TDICs e aos bens sociais, econômicos e culturais de professores e estudantes dos sistemas de educação brasileiros. Assim, objetivamos entender de que forma essas políticas públicas educacionais emergenciais tendem a desconsiderar esse contexto dentro do cenário nacional e quais as consequências para o ensino e a aprendizagem.
Nature of Religious Commitment Among the Muslim Youth
Authors: Saha Sumi Rani , Eyemoon Eashrat Jahan
Published: November 2020

By applying Glock’s multidimensional concept of religiosity, the study aims to explore the nature of religious commitment among youth by conducting a quantitative study among 254 Muslim students from different departments of Social Sciences faculty and also Science and Engineering faculty at University of Barishal, Bangladesh. The findings of the study show that majority of the respondents who belong to young generation are strong at their ideological and experiential dimension of religiosity. But in ritualistic and consequential dimension their position is not significant at all. They are more believer than a performer. Besides their exposure in the intellectual dimension of religiosity is in moderate level.
Pr´ologo
Authors: Hooker Blandford Alta Suzzane
Published: November 2020

Este volumen No. 27, presenta una compilación de 16 artículos estructurada en 4 secciones, las cuales comprenden; seis en Educación, cuatro en Ciencias Sociales; tres en Recursos Naturales y Medio Ambiente y tres en Agropecuaria.  Los resultados de estas investigaciones aportan signi cativamente a la praxis innovadora de la comunidad universitaria, y constituyen un medio educativo y de comunicación para compartir con la comunidad de profesores, investigadores y estudiantes del mundo académico, en una expresión crítica, autónoma y de emancipación en un ambiente de ciudadanías interculturales de género.
Implantação de sistemas de dessalinização em comunidades rurais do semiárido do Rio Grande do Norte: percepção social da água potável e das ações voltadas a ampliar o seu acesso universal
Authors: Amaral Karlia Dalla Santa , Machado Nádia D`Paula Santos da Silva , Navoni Julio Alejandro
Published: November 2020

A implantação de obras de infraestrutura hídrica é uma das linhas de ações voltadas a amparar o desenvolvimento de atividades produtivas no semiárido brasileiro. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a percepção de comunidades rurais de 24 municípios do semiárido do Rio Grande do Norte, a respeito de tecnologias de dessalinização, voltadas a disponibilizar água para consumo humano. Foram entrevistados, através de três formulários semiestruturados, diferentes grupos de indivíduos de 42 comunidades beneficiadas pelo Programa Água Doce (PAD), dentre estes: gestores dos sistemas de dessalinização (n=42), além das famílias usuárias (n=160) e não usuárias (n=87) da água dessalinizada. De acordo com os resultados encontrados, 53% das famílias eram usuárias dos sistemas de dessalinização. Gastos mensais fixos como: tarifa de energia elétrica (62%), remuneração de operadores (90%) e fundo de reserva (100%) foram majoritariamente liquidados pela própria comunidade. Apenas 18% dos usuários consideravam o sistema de abastecimento de água potável adequado antes da instalação dos dessalinizadores. Após a implantação da tecnologia, o modelo de gestão implementado, a performance de serviços e os riscos que acometiam o funcionamento dos sistemas foram pontuados e avaliados. Apesar dos entrevistados reconhecerem a importância dos dessalinizadores na ampliação da segurança hídrica comunitária, o presente trabalho salienta a necessidade de uma maior sensibilização da população, quanto aos instrumentos regulatórios e de saúde pública, dirigidos para facilitar a incorporação destas fontes potáveis no semiárido brasileiro.
A Study on the Influence of E-Commerce Live Streaming on Consumer Repurchase Intentions
Authors: Chen Yifei , Lu Feiyan , Zheng Siyu
Published: November 2020

The year 2019 witnessed an exponential growth of the e-commerce live streaming industry. Notably, competitions among live streamers have become increasingly fierce as more newcomers are marching in. To survive and thrive in the cut-throat market competitions, it is key for them to increase consumers’ repeat purchase rate and win customer loyalty. This study uses empirical research methods to probe into the influence of e-commerce live streaming on consumer repurchase intentions. According to this study, perceived entertainment and perceived similarity have a positive impact on consumer repurchase intentions, and this relationship is partially mediated by consumer satisfaction. In addition, perceived product quality, perceived interactivity, and perceived professionalism have a positive and indirect effect on consumer repurchase intentions, and this relationship is fully mediated by consumer satisfaction.
The “Rapid’Salmonella” Method: Estimation of the Limit of Detection for Salmonella Strains Typhimurium and Enteritidis Isolated from Frozen Poultry Meat
Authors: Hantash Tariq , Nauta Maarten , Al-Sabi Mohammad N. S. , Al-ali Walid Q. , Vigre Hakan
Published: November 2020

As a part of evaluation the surveillance system of Salmonella in frozen imported poultry meat into Jordan, we conducted a study to estimate the limit of detection (LOD50% and LOD95%) of S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis based on chromogenic media of Rapid’Salmonella method. Salmonella-free chicken meat samples was inoculated with 1 to 100 CFU of 11 wild strains that originated from frozen imported poultry meat and 2 reference strains. In the experiment, the observed lowest concentration for Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Enteritidis using Rapid’Salmonella method were from 1 to 50 CFU/25 g. Based on these results, probability of detection (POD) curve was estimated according to the model described in EN ISO 16140-4. From the estimated POD functions, the LOD50% and LOD95% was determined for the Rapid’Salmonella method. The LOD50% of the different strains varied from 0.9 to 21.2 CFU/25 g. The two reference strains and 9 wild strains had a LOD50% less than 2 CFU/25 g, one wild strain of Salmonella Enteritidis had a LOD50% of 6.8 CFU/25 g and another one had a LOD50% of 21.2 CFU/25 g. The majority of Salmonella strains has a LOD50% of 1-4 CFU/25 g in poultry meat, but also that there are some Salmonella strains which will first be detected at 10 CFU/25 g and higher.
Experimental and numerical analysis of the influence of the nozzle-to-plate distance in a jet impingement process
Authors: BARBOSA Flavia , TEİXEİRA Senhorinha , TEİXEİRA José
Published: November 2020

Jet impingement is a complex heat transfer technique which involves several process variables, such as nozzle-to-plate distance, jet diameter, Reynolds number, jet temperature, among others. To understand the effect of each variable, it is important to study them separately. In industrial applications that use forced convection by air jet impingement, such as reflow soldering, the correct analysis of the flow structure and accurate definition of the variables values that affect the heat transfer over the target surface leads to an increase of the process performance decreasing the manufacturing costs. To reduce costs and time, the introduction of numerical methods has been fundamental. Using a Computational Fluid Dynamics software, the number of experiments is highly reduced, being possible to focus on the phenomena that are highly relevant for the purpose of the study. In this work, the nozzle-to-plate distance (H/D) variable is analyzed. This is considered one of the most important parameters since it influences the entire structure of the jet flow as well as the heat transfer coefficient over the target surface. The results present a comparison between different H/D under isothermal and non-isothermal conditions for a Reynolds number of 2,000.
Brine Management: Techno-economic Analysis of a Mechanical Vapor Compression Energy System for a Near-Zero Liquid Discharge Application
Authors: RANDON Andrea , RECH Sergio , LAZZARETTO Andrea
Published: November 2020

Fresh water availability is gradually decreasing and may limit the primary needs of drinking water and irrigation, as well as other activities, such as energy conversion, tourism, etc. A high number of desalination plants are being built to provide clean water. One of the main strategies is the brine volume minimization by means of either membrane or thermal processes. The present study focuses on the development of a techno-economic analysis of a Single Effect-Mechanical Vapor Compression (SE-MVC) system for purposes of brine volume minimization. The aim is to evaluate the thermodynamic and economic performances as well as the capital and operating expenditures of the brine concentrator when being part of a near zero liquid discharge (near-ZLD) application. This is achieved by developing the thermodynamic and economic models of the system, which are then combined together in a single integrated procedure. Brackish water analysis is used as starting point for this work. Water properties are modeled using Pitzer's equations as well as correlations found in the literature. The economic evaluation of the investment is performed by calculating the Net Present Value and Internal Rate of Return, key parameters to assess the investment viability of the project. The evaporator model provides the necessary input variables for the economic model. For a feed flow of 10.147 kg∙s-1 and a heat duty of 18080 kW, the annualized capital cost of equipment is 594.93 k€∙y-1, while the operating expenses are 854.40 k€∙y-1 The total annualized cost of the process is 1449.33 k€∙y-1.
Optimization of the total annual cost in mixed materials heat exchanger network by detailed equipment design using particle swarm technique
Authors: KARİMİ Habib , DANESH ASHTİANİ Hossein , AGHANAJAFİ Cyrus
Published: November 2020

This paper investigated an optimization model for heat exchanger network by detailed design method for each heat exchanger unit. Particle swarm optimization technique is used to determine to optimum results in the mixed material heat exchanger network which included the capital and energy costs of heat exchangers. Mixed materials used in corrosive flows and included three types of exchangers such as cheap, expensive and mixed. Two methods used for achieving the optimum the total annual cost in mixed materials heat exchanger networks such as total and partial decompositions methods. The case study was used to show the application of the proposed method. The total annual cost has been reduced by detailed design in each heat exchanger by optimization technique. It has been reduced 20.7% compared with initial case in full integration method. The reduction of the total annual cost by detailed design in the partial decomposition method is 12.4% compared with the full integration method and 5.78% compared with the total decomposition method.
Mixing thermodynamics of edible olive or soybean oils with ketones (2-butanone, 3-pentanone and 4-methyl-2-pentanone) at different temperatures
Authors: MAİA Caroline , S. ANDRADE Rebecca , IGLESİAS Miguel , LANZ Juan , GONZÁLEZ Cristina
Published: November 2020

This paper reports densities, refractive indices, excess molar volumes, and changes of refractive indices on mixing for (2-butanone, 3-pentanone and 4-methyl-2-pentanone) with vegetable oils (olive or soybean) at temperatures from 283.15 to 298.15 K. Parameters of analytical expressions which represent the composition dependences of excess and variation of magnitudes are reported. Values of physical properties were compared with the results obtained by different theoretical procedures (equations of state and semiempirical mixing rules). A good agreement between the experimental and theoretical values both in magnitude and sign were obtained by these methods, despite the sharp non-ideality of the studied mixtures and the strong influence of temperature on the computed derived properties.
Evaluation of thermodynamic properties of alkaline borogermanates and germanosilicates using the regression analysis method
Authors: SHTENBERG Mikhail , BYCHİNSKY Valery , TUPİTSYN Alexey , KOROLEVA Olga
Published: November 2020

A novel method for calculating the thermodynamic properties of ternary oxides using borogermanates and germanosilicates as examples is proposed. Using regression coefficients obtained for germanates, borates and silicates, the heat capacity, formation enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs free energy of alkaline borogermanates and germanosilicates were calculated. The obtained enthalpy of formation values are in good agreement with experimental data. In the regression equation, the alkaline oxide thermodynamic potential coefficients were found to depend on the class of compound.
Zorgen rondom het strafrecht: TBS
Authors: Knoester J.A.W. (Job) , Boksem J. (Jan)
Published: November 2020

Zorgen rondom het strafrecht: TBS

Deze bijdrage staat stil bij een aantal kwesties die het succes van de TBS-maatregel (kunnen) ondermijnen. Voor een deel gaat het daarbij om praktische problemen die met enige goede wil zouden kunnen worden weggenomen, en voor een ander deel gaat het om een imagoprobleem waarvoor – naast goede informatieverstrekking aan verdachten, terbeschikkinggestelden en aan de samenleving – wellicht een meer structurele ingreep noodzakelijk is. Bij de bespreking van de verschillende thema’s wordt het perspectief van de terbeschikkinggestelde als uitgangspunt genomen.
Sancties voor ouders vanwege misdragingen van hun kind?
Authors: Weijers I. (Ido)
Published: November 2020

Sancties voor ouders vanwege misdragingen van hun kind?

Het afgelopen jaar hebben burgemeesters naar aanleiding van ernstige steekincidenten en vanwege desastreuze gevolgen van de coronacrisis voor de meest kwetsbare buurten gepleit voor een integrale aanpak gericht op deze gebieden. Minister Dekker heeft daarop onder meer voorgesteld om de ouders van deze jongeren aan te pakken. Hij denkt daarbij aan het Britse jeugdstrafrecht, waar ouders een sanctie kan worden opgelegd vanwege wangedrag van hun kind. In dit artikel worden kritische kanttekeningen bij dit voornemen geplaatst.
Goede zorg voor slachtoffers verstevigt de rechtsstatelijkheid van de strafrechtspleging
Authors: Korver R.A. (Richard) , Hoogenboom N. (Nicole) , de Blok E.D.T.M. (Estelle) , de Wit I.N. (Iris)
Published: November 2020

Goede zorg voor slachtoffers verstevigt de rechtsstatelijkheid van de strafrechtspleging

In deze bijdrage wordt ingegaan op de huidige positie van het slachtoffer gedurende het strafproces. Daarbij wordt beschreven welke zorg er voor het slachtoffer is en welke hiaten er zijn in de uitvoering hiervan en in de maatregelen zelf. Ten slotte wordt een korte vooruitblik gedaan naar de betekenis van het wetsvoorstel uitbreiding slachtofferrechten voor de zorg op het slachtoffer.
Laboratory Optimization Study of Sulfonation Reaction toward Lignin Isolated from Bagasse
Authors: Setiati Rini , Siregar Septoratno , Wahyuningrum Deana
Published: November 2020

Bagasse is scientifically defined as waste from the extraction of sugarcane liquid after the grinding process. Bagasse is biomass which is used as raw material to be processed into surfactants. Bagasse fiber cannot be dissolved in water because it consists mostly of cellulose, pentosane and lignin. The optimum conditions for obtaining the highest yield and the best conversion of bagasse to lignin were achieved when used 80 mesh bagasse and 3 M NaOH as a hydrolysis agent. Then lignin is reacted with 0.25 sodium bisulfite to the surfactant sodium lignosulfonate. Lignin and sodium lignosulfonate were further characterized using a FTIR spectrophotometer to determine the components contained therein. The lignin component consists of phenolic functional group elements, aliphatic and aromatic groups, ketone groups, aren functional groups, amine groups and alkyl groups along with standard lignin components. Likewise with lignosulfonates, with indicator components consisting of C═C alkenes, Sulfate S═O, C═O carboxylic acids and S-OR esters. The NMR test was resulted the monomer structure of SLS surfactant bagasse. The results indicate that the lignin isolation process from bagasse has been successfully. Likewise, the sulfonation of lignin to lignosulfonate is also successful.
Quality and Trends of Automotive Fuels
Authors: Andrew Gauci David , Arkoudeas Panagiotis
Published: November 2020

Automotive engines are designed to convert chemical energy to mechanical energy. The efficiency of this conversion is governed by thermodynamics. The two most common engines utilize gas oil and gasoline fuels for this purpose. However, the combustion processes are radically different. The combustion sequence and relative characteristics for both engine types will be discussed. Due to different combustion requirements, the fundamental properties of both fuels will also be examined as these are significantly different for the two fuel types. The main fuel properties discussed are energy density, stability, fluidity, corrosion, contaminants, safety, wear and environmental aspects. Also, with the advent of various renewable components in both fuels, new trends are emerging for both fuel quality assessments as these are molecularly distinct from their crude oil counterparts.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Zinc Tin Oxide Nanostructures for Photocatalysis, Energy Harvesting and Electronics
Authors: Isabel Bento Rovisco Ana , Branquinho Rita , Vaz Pinto Joana , Martins Rodrigo , Fortunato Elvira , Barquinha Pedro
Published: November 2020

The massification of Internet of Things (IoT) and Smart Surfaces has increased the demand for nanomaterials excelling at specific properties required for their target application, but also offering multifunctionality, conformal integration in multiple surfaces and sustainability, in line with the European Green Deal goals. Metal oxides have been key materials for this end, finding applications from flexible electronics to photocatalysis and energy harvesting, with multicomponent materials as zinc tin oxide (ZTO) emerging as some of the most promising possibilities. This chapter is dedicated to the hydrothermal synthesis of ZTO nanostructures, expanding the already wide potential of ZnO. A literature review on the latest progress on the synthesis of a multitude of ZTO nanostructures is provided (e.g., nanowires, nanoparticles, nanosheets), emphasizing the relevance of advanced nanoscale techniques for proper characterization of such materials. The multifunctionality of ZTO will also be covered, with special attention being given to their potential for photocatalysis, electronic devices and energy harvesters.
Experimental Investigation of Biomass Attachment to Wastewater Reactors
Authors: Benintendi Renato
Published: November 2020

Attached mass bioreactors have extensively been adopted in the last decades when specific needs have suggested this choice. Benefits and advantages of this multi-faceted technology in wastewater treatment processing are well known, along with the kinetic and mass transfer aspects regarding their operation, essentially belonging to the mass transfer with chemical reaction theory applied to enzymatic catalysis, referred to as Languimur-Hinshelwood kinetics, notably Monod/Michaelis Menten equations. On the other hand, a consolidated literature has dealt with many aspects of the development of strain colonies forming a biofilm. However, a few works have been devoted to the systematic analysis of its physiology, within the framework of the wastewater management of complex substrates and high-loads effluents. This article presents the experimental findings of a research activity covering the junction area between microbiology and bioreactor engineering, against a multifaceted set of operating parameters directly affecting health and stability of the attached biomass. In this respect, important results have been obtained, providing guidance on the attached mass reactor start-up, steady- state operation, impact of xenobiotic substrates, role of nutrients, filaments and foam formation, as well as qualitative aspects of the post-treatment effluent.
Molecular Abiotic Stress Tolerans Strategies: From Genetic Engineering to Genome Editing Era
Authors: Meriç Sinan , Ayan Alp , Atak Çimen
Published: November 2020

In last decades, plants were increasingly subjected to multiple environmental abiotic stress factors as never before due to their stationary nature. Excess urbanization following the intense industrial applications introduced combinations of abiotic stresses as heat, drought, salinity, heavy metals etc. to plants in various intensities. Technological advancements brought novel biotechnological tools to the abiotic stress tolerance area as an alternative to time and money consuming traditional crop breeding activities as well as they brought vast majority of the problem themselves. Discoveries of single gene (as osmoprotectant, detoxyfying enzyme, transporter protein genes etc.) and multi gene (biomolecule synthesis, heat shock protein, regulatory transcription factor and signal transduction genes etc.) targets through functional genomic approaches identified abiotic stress responsive genes through EST based cDNA micro and macro arrays. In nowadays, genetic engineering and genome editing tools are present to transfer genes among different species and modify these target genes in site specific, even single nuclotide specific manner. This present chapter will evaluate genomic engineering approaches and applications targeting these abiotic stress tolerance responsive mechanisms as well as future prospects of genome editing applications in this field.
The Role of Banks for the Transition to Circular Economy
Authors: Zhelyazkova Virginia
Published: November 2020

The financial system as a whole—in Europe the banks, in the USA mainly the stock exchanges—is oriented mainly towards financing the linear economy. It is the dominant economic model; the production cycles, hence the business cycles of the individual industries and products, are well known. This ensures relative predictability of the amount of expected profits they generate, and it gives the necessary degree of probability for the financial markets for the return on investment. In order for banks to provide the much-needed resource for the transformation of the linear economy into a circular one, they must undergo a major transformation. It is multi-layered and, of course, has many specific characteristics. As banks definitely play a dominant role in Europe\'s financing of the economy, the analysis in this paper will focus on them. Certain main trends will be presented, related to circular economy and directing to the future development of individual segments within their framework.
Immune System Modulations in Cancer Treatment: Nanoparticles in Immunotherapy
Authors: Kızılbey Kadriye , Türkoğlu Nelisa , Ceren Kırmızıtaş Fatma
Published: November 2020

Cancer immunotherapy is based on the idea of overcoming the main problems in the traditional cancer treatments and enhancing the patient’s long-term survival and quality of life. Immunotherapy methods aimed to influence the immune system, to detect and eradicate the tumors site and predict the potential results. Nowadays, nanomaterials-based immunotherapy approaches are gaining interest due to numerous advantages like their ability to target cells and tissues directly and reduce the off-target toxicity. Therefore, topics about immune system components, nanomaterials, their usage in immunotherapy and the benefits they provide will be discussed in this presented book chapter. Immunotherapy can be divided into two groups mainly; active and passive immunotherapy including their subtitles such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive immunotherapy, CAR-T therapies, vaccines, and monoclonal antibodies. Main classification and the methods will be evaluated. Furthermore, state-of-art nanocarriers based immunotherapy methods will be mentioned in detail. The terms of size, charge, material type and surface modifications of the nanoparticles will be reviewed to understand the interference of immune system and nanoparticles and their advantages/disadvantages in immunotherapy systems.
Conceptualization, Definition and Assessment of Internal Logistics through Different Approaches Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Pinheiro de Lima Orlem , Breval Santiago Sandro , Manuel Rodríguez Taboada Carlos , Laureano Moya Rodríguez Jorge , Bárbara Reyes Rodríguez Maida , Ribeiro Maduro Márcia , César Diniz de Araújo Paulo , José de Oliveira Junior Nilson , Luiz Nunes Zogahib André , Carlos da Silva Lima José
Published: November 2020

The aim of this chapter is to develop a new concept of internal logistics, its components parts and how to evaluate it. To quantify the level of performance of the internal logistics of a company is an important issue to gain competitiveness. There are few papers now at days that analyze how to quantify this issue. In recent years, it has been developed numerous applications of Fuzzy logic and Neural Networks to solve diverse problems of Engineering. Fuzzy logic is a mathematical tool that emulates the method used for humans for managing and processing information and Neural Networks are computing systems inspired by the biological neural networks that constitute human brains. Such systems “learn” to perform tasks by considering examples, generally without being programmed with task-specific rules. This chapter offers a new definition of internal logistics and shows the procedure to evaluate its level in a company. This procedure for assessing the internal logistics was developed through an Excel tab, a fuzzy inference system and a neural network. To validate this procedure, it was applied to 93 companies in the Industrial Pole of Manaus. Results obtained by different approaches are very similar, demonstrating the validity of the procedure developed.
The Effect of Silver Diamine Fluoride on Salivary Biofilm
Authors: Seo Meekyung , Song Ji-Soo , Shin Teo Jeon , Hyun Hong-Keun , Kim Jung-Wook , Jang Ki-Taeg , Lee Sang-Hoon , Kim Young-Jae
Published: November 2020

Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is an effective and efficient agent for arresting dental caries. It can be useful in treating children with behavioral or medical limitations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of SDF by using salivary biofilm.
Pellicle-like saliva coated structure was prepared by using unstimulated saliva. For developing cariogenic biofilm, Streptococcus mutans was added to the mixture of pooled saliva and inoculated into a saliva coated glass or chamber. SDF was applied to cariogenic biofilm to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of SDF. As time passed, total bacteria and S. mutans were reduced after application of SDF (p < 0.000). Confocal laser scanning microscope also showed the increment of the ratio of dead cell.
As a result of experiment using enamel and dentin of primary teeth, it was confirmed that the growth of cariogenic biofilm was inhibited when the SDF was treated (p = 0.029 each).This study showed excellent anti-microbial effect of SDF. And anti-caries effect in clinical practice can be expected.
Effects of the Dental Preventive Health Services for Children on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life
Authors: Song Ji-Soo , Chung Ho-Chung , Im Dae-Keun , Kim Young-Jae
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of public preventive dental healthcare services named the “Dental Preventive Health Services for Children” (DPHSC) on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in Korean children. Of the total 20,802 beneficiaries in 2018, 110 10-year-old elementary school students were randomly selected and were requested to complete a survey using the Korean version of Child Oral Health Impact Profile (COHIP) questionnaire before and after participating in DPHSC. Overall, 107 participants completed the pre- and post-survey. COHIP scores and clinical results such as numbers of decayed and missing teeth, malocclusion, and oral hygiene status from dental examination were statistically analyzed and the reliability and the validity of the responses were verified. There was a significant clinical increase in mean overall COHIP scores following DPHSC (p < 0.001, effect size 1.05). Children with decayed and missing teeth demonstrated poor OHRQoL. In conclusion, DPHSC can improve the OHRQoL of 10-year-old children.
Analysis of the Prevalence of Taurodont Deciduous Molars in Children
Authors: Lim Jae Young , Kim Ik-Hwan , Song Je Seon
Published: November 2020

Taurodontism is an anomaly characterized by a long and broad pulpal cavity and consumed apical location of the furcation area. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of taurodontism in deciduous molars based on digital panoramic radiographs of children. The study was performed on a sample of panoramic radiographs taken from 2,473 Korean children who visited the department of pediatric dentistry, Yonsei University Dental Hospital between Nov. 2005 and Mar. 2018. Taurodontism was mainly categorized by Daito’s method. Using panoramic radiographs, taurodontism was also categorized into mesotaurodontism, hypotaurodontism, and hypertaurodontism. Mesotaurodontism was the most prevalent type. A total of 2,473 panoramic radiographs were evaluated. The prevalence of taurodontism was 5.7% in general, 51.5% in the left quadrant, 48.5% in the right quadrant, 6.3% in the maxilla, and 93.7% in the mandible. The distribution of taurodontism stratified by gender showed a higher prevalence in males. This is a comprehensive study on the prevalence of taurodontism in children using the largest sample size to date.
Mathematical modelling of high-intensity heat flux on the elements of heat-shielding composite materials of a spacecraft
Authors: Pronina Polina , Sun Ying , Tushavina Olga
Published: November 2020

The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate the structural response of composite steel-concrete eccentrically buckling-restrained braced frames (BRBFs). The finite element (FE) software ABAQUS is employed to nonlinearly analyse the BRBFs. Comparing the modelling and experimental test results validates the FE modelling method of the BRBF. Three different strong earthquake records of Tabas, Northridge, and Chi-Chi are selected for the nonlinear dynamic analyses. A BRBF is then designed having a shear link. Afterwards, the designed BRBF is analysed under the selected earthquake records using the validated modelling method. The lateral displacements, base shears, and energy dissipations of the frame and shear link rotations are achieved from the analyses of the BRBF. The results are compared and discussed. The obtained BRBF results are also compared with their corresponding steel eccentrically braced frame (EBF) results. It is concluded that the BRBF can generally accomplish the improved structural response compared with the EBF under the earthquake records. Meanwhile, the BRBF has larger base shear capacity than the EBF. Moreover, the BRBF dissipates more energy than the EBF.
BOWEN SAVANT, Sarah et al. KITAB Project. Knowledge, Information, Technology, and the Arabic Book
Authors: Santás de Arcos Iria
Published: November 2020

El proyecto KITAB dirigido desde Londres por la investigadora Sarah Bowen Savant en la Aga Khan University es un innovador e ilusionante proyecto en lo que respecta al libro en lengua árabe clásica en general, y en particular al manejo comparativo de las fuentes árabes desde los siglos VIII-XV. Sus principal objetivo es el análisis de lo que se llama en inglés reuse, es decir el grado y manera de reutilización que los autores árabes medievales hicieron en sus trabajos de las obras de los autores que les precedieron en el tiempo. Los primeros resultados han sido positivos por lo que todo indica que será una herramienta muy útil para el análisis intertextual de las obras.
ÁVILA, María Luisa, MOLINA, Luis y PENELAS, María Teresa. PUA, Prosopografía de los ulemas de al-Andalus
Authors: De Castro León Víctor
Published: November 2020

El proyecto de investigación titulado "Prosopografía de los Ulemas de al-Andalus", dirigido por M. Luisa Ávila en un primer período, y después por Luis Molina, ambos investigadores de la Escuela de Estudios Árabes de Granada (CSIC), tuvo su comienzo en el año 2011 con el propósito de extraer toda la información existente en las fuentes árabes relativa a la figura de los "ulemas" andalusíes. Esta base de datos, que se ha llevado a cabo bajo el apoyo de dos proyectos de investigación de ámbito nacional, está todavía en desarrollo y abierto a colaboraciones externas. A través de su importante aplicación fratuita online se tiene acceso a una importante información de personajes andalusíes que formaron parte de la sociedad islámica occidental de los siglos VIII al XV.
Grupo de Investigación Valle-Inclán / USC (GIVIUS). Archivo Digital Valle-Inclán / 1888-1936.
Authors: González García Juana María
Published: November 2020

En esta reseña se describe el Archivo Digital Valle-Inclán, sus características y aportaciones al ámbito de la investigación en Humanidades Digitales.
Bibliotecas y Humanidades Digitales en América Latina
Authors: Gutiérrez De la Torre Silvia Eunice
Published: November 2020

Se presentan los resultados de una encuesta realizada en 2017 y repetida en el 2018 que buscó identificar a practicantes de Humanidades Digitales (HD) que trabajaran en bibliotecas y archivos de América Latina. Como telón de fondo se expone una revisión inédita de la presencia de las bibliotecas en los eventos fundacionales del campo con el propósito de localizar un discurso que suele presentarse como global. Con este fondo, el panorama latinoamericano se pone en diálogo con el Norte Global, y se contrastan los resultados de la encuesta con los de un estudio análogo anglosajón (Poremski, 2017). Los apartados de la encuesta analizados en este trabajo son los espacios de primer contacto con las HD, y la percepción de los participantes sobre la intersección entre ambos campos, y las fortalezas y debilidades de cada país para implementar métodos de HD en bibliotecas y archivos.
Body appreciation in light of psychological, health- and weight-related variables among female adolescents
Authors: Piko Bettina F. , Obál Annabella , Mellor David
Published: November 2020

Recent research has begun to focus on positive body image and how this can be supported in adolescence. Body appreciation is a key element of positive body image, and has been associated with self-reported health status, weight-related concern, family factors and psychological variables such as self-esteem. In this study we explored these associations among Hungarian adolescent females. Female high school students from two major towns in Csongrád county, Hungary (N = 454; age range from 14 to 20; M = 16.3 years, SD = 1.2) completed questionnaires assessing body appreciation, self-esteem, optimism, life satisfaction and health- and weight-related variables. Analyses revealed that body appreciation was most strongly related to self-esteem, as well as being positively associated with life satisfaction, self-perceived health, being in control of diet, and engagement in sport. Conversely, binge drinking, engaging in slimming behaviors and having eating disorders in the family were negatively associated with body appreciation. These findings provide some indications of factors that might be targetted in health education programs aiming to promote positive body image and to develop resilience against body dissatisfaction in this demographic group. Such programs should also include information of nutrition and media literacy.
The Yorkshire miners 1786-1839: a study of work, culture and protest
Authors:   , Stanley Joseph William
Published: November 2020

This thesis examines the work, culture and protest of the Yorkshire miners between 1786-1839. The original contribution of this work is to emphasise the intimate connection between protest, mainly trade union co-ordinated strikes, and living standards. In doing so, this work brings together areas of investigation into protest history, social history, and economic history, which have in recent years become divorced from one another. For many years historians have accepted that protest was an indicator of discontent, proof of exploitation, and evidence of oppression. This thesis offers an alternative argument. It shows that protest was used strategically, and with a growing level of sophistication, to win real wage increases in a high-wage industry that prospered across the period. This thesis also adds to existing debates around working class radicalism and conservatism. It argues that the Yorkshire miners were conservative loyalists across the entire 1786-1839 period. Chapters 2 and 3 examine the work and culture of the Yorkshire miners. The former emphasises the experience of labour for miners, taking stock of why the industry paid such high wages, which the colliers' trade unions capitalised on. The latter makes sense of their culture, emphasising how the nature of their work and their high wages engendered a competing alehouse and chapel culture. The alehouse and the chapel played an important role in creating and maintaining trade unions. Chapters 4-8 examine instances of protest chronologically. Chapter 4 considers the years 1786-1801, which witnessed a rise in the cost of living and the growth of miners' trade unionism. Chapter 5 explores how and why the Yorkshire miners combined under the Combination Laws. It highlights the role of friendly societies in maintaining living standards when trade declined. Chapter 6 assesses the first regional colliers' strike in 1819 to raise wages when living standards had fallen to their lowest level in the decade. Chapter 7 illuminates 1820-32, years of prosperity, when the cost of living fell and strikes for higher wages became more frequent. Chapter 8 investigates trade unionism in the pre-Chartist years, when wages were unprecedentedly high. It focusses on the violent strike at Wakefield and disputes at Earl Fitzwilliam's collieries.
Personal storytelling for wellbeing; form, content and process
Authors:   , Walters Julie Hathaway
Published: November 2020

Nature and scope: This enquiry examines personal storytelling in the form of the practice of digital storytelling. Digital storytelling is seen as a craft, a creative making practice. The enquiry examines what impact engaging in this practice has on wellbeing. It is a practice based enquiry which draws on art and design research methods and considers the many facets that the author brings to the table, including her identity as a maker and occupational therapy educator and especially, the way her own engagement with making enabled personal, transformational learning and recovery from mental illness, shame and grief. The purpose of the enquiry is to bring these new insights back to occupational therapy and science. Contribution to knowledge: Knowing through making, as conceptualised through art and design research methodologies, has the potential to enable occupational therapy and occupational science to realise the original intensions of its founders. A study of the collaborative process of digital story telling has offered a worked example of this. Comparing and contrasting digital story telling with other collaborative making practices uncovered what digital story telling is and what it is not. Digital story telling is a high-status craft. The key to understanding its potential impact on wellbeing is to understand it as a craft – a making practice. Further, the potential impact on wellbeing is determined not by the process or properties of digital story telling itself, but by the care and attention to the detail of the experience and how connections between the people involved are made. A digital story telling workshop is a non-generalisable event, unique to that time and place and those people. What digital story telling is not, is an ideal method of co-production. Its uses as a participatory arts-based research methodology has been well documented, but I contend that the ideal collaboration is one where the team is assembled first. I propose The crystal model of transformational scholarship in human health and wellbeing which sets out how this may be accomplished.