bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Epichloë bromicola endophytic fungi on secondary metabolites following alkali tolerance improvement in host, Hordeum bogdanii
Authors: Han Dan , Wang Kai , Long Feng , Zhang Wangbing , Yao Xiang , Chen Shuihong
Published: November 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate how endophytic fungi affect secondary metabolites of H. bogdanii under alkaline stress at different concentrations. It is currently unclear whether the mechanism via which endophytic fungi improve the alkali tolerance of Hordeum bogdanii affects secondary metabolites. Unveiling this knowledge is crucial for understanding the tolerance mechanism of H. bogdanii to alkaline stress.
Methods: Endophyte-infected (E+) and endophyte-free (E-) individuals of H. bogdanii were used as materials in this study. Vermiculite was used for plant cultivation and was carried out in the laboratory. After mixed alkali stress treatment, the roots, stems, and leaves of the plants were collected to measure the indicators related to secondary metabolites.
Results: The results showed that endophytic fungi significantly increased the contents of phosphorus, polyphenols, and alkaloids, and the activities of polyphenol oxidase and acid phosphatase, and significantly reduced flavonoid content. The content of polyphenols and alkaloids in stems, polyphenol oxidase activity in stems and leaves, and acid phosphatase activity in leaves were significantly affected. In general, endophytic fungi improved the alkali resistance of H. bogdanii by improving the related indicators of secondary metabolites.
Conclusions: The findings of this study may aid in amplifying the alkali resistance mechanism of endophytic fungi to H. bogdanii as well as provide insights into improving the alkali resistance of other plants.
Seroprevalence of Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Infection among Healthcare Workers at a Tertiary Hospital in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mushcab Hayat , Al-Tawfiq Jaffar , Ghamdi Mohammed , Babgi Amani , Amir Abdulrazack , Sheikh Salwa , Darwisheh Adel , Alobaid Abrar , Jebakumar Arulananatham , Qahtani Saeed , Sagheir Ahmed Al
Published: November 2021

Background

The nature of the healthcare workers' jobs standing at the frontline against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) puts them at a higher risk of unknowingly contracting the disease and potentially contributing to the spread. This study aims to assess the overall positive seroconversion prevalence of SARS-CoV-2.
Methods

This is a longitudinal cohort study of healthcare workers at a tertiary hospital serving patients in several districts in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Participants were recruited between June - December 2020. Each participant had a serology blood test and completed the World Health Organization's risk factors assessment questionnaire.
Results

This study included 682 participants working in any capacity at a tertiary hospital, representing 15.7% of our population. Only 87 participants tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, a prevalence of 12.7% of all participants. Of the 87 participants, 17 participants never tested positive for COVID-19 rt-PCR before the study, a prevalence of 2.9%. Moreover, the improper technique of using alcohol-based hand rub or soap and water after the risk of body fluid exposure and wearing personal protective equipment when indicated were found to be statistically significant to having positive SARS-CoV-2 IgG assay with P=0.02, P=0.03, and CI: 95% respectively.
Conclusion

Positive seroconversion rate was considerably low during the first wave of COVID-19 amongst our healthcare workers and similar to other healthcare organizations in Saudi Arabia. Seropositivity correlated significantly with adherence to infection prevention and control recommendations.
Deep Residual Feature Quantization for 3D Face Recognition
Authors: Hariri walid , Zaabi Marwa
Published: November 2021

3D face recognition (FR) has been successfully applied using Convolutional neural networks (CNN) which have demonstrated stunning results in diverse computer vision and image classification tasks. Learning CNNs, however, need to estimate millions of parameters that expect high-performance computing capacity and storage. To deal with this issue, we propose an efficient method based on the quantization of residual features extracted from ResNet-50 pre-trained model. The method starts by describing each 3D face using a convolutional feature extraction block, and then apply the Bag-of-Features (BoF) paradigm to learn deep neural networks (we call it Deep BoF). To do so, we apply Radial Basis Function (RBF) neurons to quantize the deep features extracted from the last convolutional layers. An SVM classifier is then applied to classify faces according to their quantized term vectors. The obtained model is lightweight compared to classical CNN and it allows classifying arbitrary-sized images. The experimental results on the FRGCv2 and Bosphorus datasets show the powerful of our method compared to state of the art methods.
Phenomic Data-Facilitated Rust and Senescence Prediction in Maize Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: DeSalvio Aaron J. , Adak Alper , Murray Seth C. , Wilde Scott C. , Isakeit Thomas
Published: November 2021

Current methods in measuring maize (Zea mays L.) southern rust (Puccinia polyspora Underw.) and subsequent crop senescence require expert observation which are resource-intensive and prone to subjectivity. In this study, unoccupied aerial system (UAS) field-based high-throughput phenotyping (HTP) was employed to collect high-resolution aerial imagery of elite maize hybrids planted in the 2020 and 2021 growing seasons, with 13 UAS flights obtained from 2020 and 17 from 2021. Vegetation indices (VIs) were extracted from mosaicked aerial images that served as temporal phenomic predictors for southern rust scored in the field and senescence as scored using UAS-acquired mosaic images. Temporal best linear unbiased predictors (TBLUPs) were calculated using a nested model that treated the pedigree performances as nested within flights in terms of rust and senescence. All eight machine learning regressions tested (ridge, lasso, elastic net, random forest, support vector machine with radial and linear kernels, partial least squares, and k-nearest neighbors) outperformed a general linear model with both higher prediction accuracies (92-98%) and lower root mean squared error (RMSE) for rust and senescence scores. UAS-acquired VIs enabled the discovery of novel early quantitative phenotypic indicators of maize senescence and southern rust before being detectable by expert annotation and revealed positive correlations between grain filling time and yield (0.22 and 0.44 in 2020 and 2021), with practical implications for precision agricultural practices.
Antibodies and antigen kinetics in patients with COVID-19
Authors: Zhou Mi , Li Qingfeng , Zheng YongLi , Cong Xue , Li Guoqing , Liu Dafeng , Wang Yuanfang , Dong Ke , Luo Ruocheng , Wu Kunpeng , Zhao Xing , Li Dongdong , Zuo Haojiang
Published: November 2021

The antigen and antibody kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients remains unclear, and the clinical values of the serological test have not been completely elucidated. A total of 154 serum samples from 13 patients with COVID-19 infection were collected at about three-day intervals during hospitalization. Samples were screened for SARS-CoV-2-specific total antibodies (TAb), IgA, IgM, IgG, and antigen (Ag) using chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassays (CMIA). The overall seroconversion and/or four-fold increase rates of TAb, IgA, IgM, and IgG during hospitalization were 92.31%, 92.31%, 84.62%, and 92.31%, respectively. However, within a week of onset, antibodies were present in <50% of the patients. The combination of “Ag and/or TAb” maintained the positive rate at 81.82% during the first three days after symptom onset and quickly enhanced to 92.31% during 4–6 days after the symptom onset. The seropositive median day of Ag was two days after symptom onset. Among patients who underwent IgM and IgG seroconversion, the seroconversion median days of IgA, TAb, IgM, and IgG were 9.5 days, 10 days, 11 days, and 11.5 days after the symptom onset, respectively. Serological testing, especially virus-specific antigen testing, may be helpful for early identification of suspected patients and asymptomatic infections.
Adaptive multistep model predictive control for tubular grid-connected solid oxide fuel cells
Authors: Yin Linfei , Liu Dongduan , Mo Mingshan
Published: November 2021

In the research of renewable energy power generation, tubular grid-connected solid oxide fuel cells with the apparent advantage in voltage regulation have been widely applied in power systems. Recently, a model predictive control has been applied to consider the nonlinear constraints of tubular grid-connected solid oxide fuel cells, which cannot be considered by a proportional-integral-derivative controller. While both model predictive control and proportional-integral-derivative controller achieve only 80% fuel efficiency, which should be improved. An adaptive multistep model predictive control (AMMPC) is proposed to improve the fuel efficiency of tubular grid-connected solid oxide fuel cells and simultaneously consider systemic thermodynamics and electrochemistry constraints. The AMMPC contains the advantages of adaptive control and multistep model predictive control. Both adaptive two-step model predictive control and three-step model predictive control are designed for tubular grid-connected solid oxide fuel cells. With the more accurate prediction ability, the AMMPC improves the fuel efficiency of tubular grid-connected solid oxide fuel cells with higher fuel efficiency (86.5%) than model predictive control (80%) and proportional-integral-derivative (80%). Both feasibility and effectiveness of the AMMPC are verified with high fuel efficiency under both simple and complex power demands cases.
Specific Reprogramming of Alpha Cells to Insulin-Producing Cells by Short Glucagon Promoter-Driven Pdx1 and MafA
Authors: Guo Ping , Zhang Ting , Lu Aiping , Shiota Chiyo , Huard Matthieu , Whitney Kaitlyn , Huard Johnny
Published: November 2021

Endogenous reprogramming of pancreas-derived non-beta cells into insulin-producing cells is a promising approach to treat type 1 diabetes (T1D). One strategy that has yet to be explored is the specific delivery of insulin-producing essential genes, Pdx1 and MafA, to pancreatic alpha cells to reprogram the cells into insulin-producing cells in an adult pancreas. In this study, we utilized an alpha cell-specific glucagon (GCG) promoter to drive Pdx1 and MafA transcription factors to reprogram alpha cells to insulin-producing cells in chemically induced and autoimmune diabetic mice. Our results showed that a combination of a short glucagon-specific promoter with AAV serotype 8 can be used to successfully deliver Pdx1 and MafA into alpha cells in the mouse pancreas. Pdx1 and MafA expression specifically in alpha cells was also able to correct hyperglycemia in both induced and autoimmune diabetic mice. With this technology, targeted gene specificity and reprogramming were accomplished with an alpha-specific promotor combined with an AAV-specific serotype and provide an initial basis to develop a novel therapy for the treatment of T1D.
Design and Simulation of GaAsN Based Solar Cell with AlGaAs Blocking Layer for Harvesting Visible To Near-Infrared Light
Authors: Haque Md Dulal , Ali Md Hasan , Halim Md Abdul , Islam A. Z. M. Touhidul , Hossain Md Mahabub , Hossain M. Ismail
Published: November 2021

In the present study, the performance parameters of GaAsN dilute nitride-based semiconductor solar cell with and without AlGaAs blocking layers have been investigated in detail by Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator in one dimensional software program (SCAPS-1D). The thickness of absorber, buffer, and blocking layers are varied to achieve the improvement of open circuit voltage, short circuit current, fill factor, efficiency and also to optimize the device structure. The impact of doping and defect densities on the solar cell performance parameters have been analyzed minutely inside the absorber, buffer, and blocking layers. The solar cell thermal stability parameters are also investigated in the temperature region from 273K to 373K. The efficiency of 43.90% and 40.05% are obtained from the proposed solar cells with and without AlGaAs blocking layer, respectively. The present findings may provide insightful approach for fabricating feasible, cost effective, and efficient dilute nitride solar cell.
Development and Analysis of a New Cylindrical Lithium-ion Battery Thermal Management System
Authors: Sun Yasong , Bai Ruihuai
Published: November 2021

With the development of modern technology and the economy, environmental protection and sustainable development have become the focus of global attention. In this paper, the promotion and development of electric vehicles have bright prospects, and they are also facing many challenges. Under different operating conditions, various safety problems of electric vehicles emerge one after another, especially the potential safety hazards caused by battery overheating that threaten electric vehicles' development process. In this paper, a new indirect liquid cooling system is designed and optimized for cylindrical lithium-ion batteries. A variety of design schemes for different cooling channel structures and cooling liquid inlet direction are proposed, and the corresponding solid-fluid coupling model is established. COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software models, simulates and analyses cooling systems. An approximate model is constructed using the Kriging method，and it is considered to optimize the battery cooling system and improve the optimization results. Sensitivity parameter analysis and system structure optimization design are also carried out on the influencing factors of the battery thermal management. The results indicate it effectively balances and reduces the maximum core temperature and temperature difference of the battery pack. Compared with the original design, from the optimized design of these factors, which based on method of the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II), there is an excellent ability on the optimized thermal management system to dissipate thermal energy and keep the overall cooling uniformity of the battery and thermal management system. Furthermore, under thermal abuse conditions, the optimized system can also prevent thermal runaway propagation. In summary, this research is expected to provide some practical suggestions and ideas for the engineering and production applications and structural optimization design carried by electric vehicles.
New Biomarkers of Kawasaki Disease Identified by Gingival Crevicular Fluid Proteomics
Authors: Fan Xue , Li Ying , Guo Xin , Lan Jingjing , Xu Mingguo
Published: November 2021

Background: Kawasaki Disease (KD) is an acute self-limiting systemic vasculitis syndrome which can result in arterial damage especially in coronary artery. To find possible new biomarkers for the diagnosis of KD by Data independent acquisition (DIA) quantitative proteomics.Methods: Twenty-seven patients with KD were enrolled in the present study, further, gingival crevicular fluid of before IVIG treatment with KD was collected as the experimental group. Meanwhile, 18 healthy volunteers were recruited as the control group.DIA quantitative proteomics mass spectrometry analysis was performed on the GCF samples of each group, and the protein expression profiles of the two groups of GCF were detected. Function enrichment of DEP by KEGG and GO, protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis for all the DEPs detected, Finally, the multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry method was used to verify the selected DEPs.Results:197 DEPs (174 up-regulated and 23 down-regulated) were detected in the CGF between the KD group and the normal control group. Cellular process and metabolic process, binding and catalytic activity are the most altered biological process and molecular function, respectively. NOD−like receptor signaling pathway, Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum pathway and influenza pathway are most significant pathway. EIF2AK2, B2M and GBP1 are kernel proteins in PPI network. The results of MRM-MS of 12 DEPs including IFIT3, UB2L6, HP, A1AT, HSP90AA1, HNRPC, HSP90AB1, SAA1, MX1, B2M, FKBP4 and TRAP1 were highly consistent with DIA.Conclusions: We suggested that 12 proteins in GCF could be used as new biomarkers for early diagnosis of KD. We also found that KD is closely related to gingival inflammation at the molecular level, which provides new ideas and directions for the diagnosis and treatment of KD.
Space-Temporary Analysis of External Geodynamic Disasters Occurred in Huaraz Province, Ancash - Peru
Authors: Malca Ulises Francisco Giraldo , Joaquin Haniel Josue Torres , Tello Yeni Lucero Torres , Quispe Nicole Dalia Reyes
Published: November 2021

The natural disasters generated by external geodynamics are geological risks that constantly modify landscapes, with a more significant occurrence in mountainous areas, affecting populations and registering many victims in densely populated places. This research analyzes the events in Huaraz province, of Ancash department, in the central Andes of Peru, to find relationships between their occurrence and geographical factors such as altitude, slopes, climate, and extreme meteorological events. An inventory of events was made and classified as floods, mass gravitational movements, waterlogging or snow avalanches. Using QGIS software, spreadsheets and digital elevation models, information on natural disasters, altitude levels, physiography, river basins, meteorological data, and earthquakes were analyzed. As a result, it was obtained that the Quechua region registered 60% of all events; the Santa River basin 76%; the wet season of the Peruvian Andes 78%; and places with slopes between 8% and 50% (wavy relief) 72% of disasters. It is concluded that the best conditions for these events are the intense rainfall and the undulating reliefs, predominant in the Quechua region. Likewise, floods are the disasters that register the most significant number and generate the most damage in Huaraz province. Finally, it was determined that high-intensity El Niño-Southern Oscillation processes do not necessarily increase the number of events for the study area.
Physiological Attributes and Transcriptomics Analysis Reveal the Response Mechanism of Helictotrichon Virescens to Low-Temperature Stress
Authors: Cheng Mingjun , Zheng Mingmin , Cui Kuoshu , Zhang Ruizhen , Yang Tao , Li Xiaofeng , Yan Donghai , Yao Mingjiu , Luo Xuan , Iqbal Muhammad Zafar , Zheng Junjun , He Ruyu , Zhou Qingping
Published: November 2021

Background: Helictotrichon Virescens is a perennial herb mainly distributed in high altitude areas of 2000 ~ 4500 m. It is widely cultivated in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China, strongly resistant to cold, and an essential part of wild herbage in this region. However, the molecular mechanism of Helictotrichon virescens response to low-temperature stress is unclear, and the key regulating genes to specific biological processes are poorly known. Results: It was used physiological and transcriptome analysis to study the cold stress response mechanism in Helictotrichon Virescens. Under low-temperature treatment at 0℃, the leaves reduced chlorophyll content and light energy absorption through light antenna complex (LHCs). As the content of chlorophyll, a and b decreased, as evident were the photoprotection effects. Besides, circadian pathway-plant is crucial for the response to cold stress in Helictotrichon Virescens. Among them, DEG encoding LHY and HY5 showed strongly up-regulated expression during cold stress in Helictotrichon Virescens. Conclusions: This study provides an opportunity to fully understand the response process of Helictotrichon Virescens to low-temperature stress. It answers the pertinent questions in perennial herbaceous cold stress research, how leaves integrate light and low-temperature signals to regulate circadian rhythms in crops, and how leaf tissue reduces light absorption and enhances light protection through optical antenna complex (LHCs).
Men and Women With First Episode Psychosis Present Distinct Profiles of Social Cognition and Metacognition
Authors: Ferrer-Quintero Marta , Fernández Daniel , López-Carrilero Raquel , Birulés Irene , Barajas Ana , Lorente-Rovira Esther , Luengo Ana , Díaz-Cutraro Luciana , Verdaguer Marina , García-Mieres Helena , Gutiérrez-Zotes Alfonso , Grasa Eva , Pousa Esther , Huerta-Ramos Elena , Pélaez Trinidad , Barrigón Maria Luisa , Gómez-Benito Juana , González-Higueras Fermín , Ruiz-Delgado Isabel , Cid Jordi , Moritz Steffen , Sevilla-Llewellyn-Jones Julia , Ochoa Susana
Published: November 2021

Deficits in social cognition and metacognition impact the course of psychosis. Gender differences in social cognition and metacognition could explain heterogeneity in psychosis. 174 (58 females) patients with first-episode psychosis completed a clinical, neuropsychological, social cognitive and metacognitive assessment. Subsequent latent profile analysis split by gender yielded 2 clusters common to both genders, a specific male profile characterized by presenting jumping to conclusions and a specific female profile characterized by cognitive biases. Males and females in the homogeneous profile seem to have a more benign course of illness. Males with jumping to conclusions had more clinical symptoms and more neuropsychological deficits. Females with cognitive biases were younger and had less self-esteem. These results suggest that males and females may benefit from specific targeted treatment and highlights the need to consider gender when planning interventions.
EFFECT OF THE PROLONGED LOCKDOWN ON STUDENTS SCHOOL WORK ENGAGEMENT IN THE POST COVID-19 CLASSROOM
Authors:   Department of Integrated Science Kogi State College of Education, Ankpa., Idachaba Stephen , Toluhi Joseph ,   Department of Integrated Science Kogi State College of Education, Ankpa.
Published: November 2021

Insinuations suggest that prolonged academic break occasioned by the dreaded coronavirus pandemic may have impacted students participation in schoolwork activities, especially at the secondary education level in Nigeria. The current study aimed to determine the variation in students schoolwork engagement based on the long Covid-19 break. Two hundred and four students randomly pooled from secondary schools in Kogi State, Nigeria, participated in the study. The participants completed a self-report measure of schoolwork engagement inventory originally developed by Salmela-Aro and Upadaya (2012). A simple regression analysis was conducted on the data. The result revealed a positive interaction between prolonged academic break and schoolwork engagement. Findings, implications, and conclusions are discussed.
ENHANCING PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS MATHEMATICAL MOTIVATION AND INTEREST USING MATH-ISLAND
Authors:   Department of Mathematics Kogi State College of Education, Ankpa., A. Umoru Samuel
Published: November 2021

Over the years, mathematics has assumed a vital part of the educational landscape of every society. Nevertheless, the subject has attracted considerable attention from researchers relating to the observed low performance and suitable approaches to improve outcomes. In this study, a quasi-experimental design was adopted to establish the effect of the Math-Island on primary school students mathematical motivation and interest. A total of eighty-two students with an age range of 7 â€“ 12 years and a mean age of (M=9.12), (SD= 1.22) participated in the study. The samples were grouped into two and were exposed to a pre-test and post-test investigation. Mean and standard deviation scores were used. The independent t-test analysis established a statistically significant difference between the groups, MD = 11.53, t (80) = 6.313, p < 0.05. Thus, the result supported the studys hypothesis. It was concluded that Math-Island is effective in enhancing students mathematics motivation and interest. The study recommends adopting the system in math class and that teachers be regularly trained on using the device for teaching.
THE ROLE OF SOCIAL PHYSIQUE ANXIETY ON EXERCISE PARTICIPATION AMONG THE NIGERIAN YOUTH
Authors:   Department of Physical and Health Education Kogi State College of Education, Ankpa., Veronica Ejeh
Published: November 2021

Good health is an essential aspect of human well-being and overall lifestyle. Attention must be given to actions capable of maintaining good health and well-being. Thus, participating in regular exercise is an integral aspect of health-promoting behavior. However, it is observed that despite the health benefits associated with exercise participation, most individuals still live a sedentary lifestyle, especially the youth. The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the role of social physique anxiety (SPA) on exercise participation among Nigerian youth. One hundred and twenty-eight youths randomly selected from tertiary institutions in Kogi State, Nigeria, participated in the study. The participants completed a self-report measure assessing SPA and participation in exercise. A simple regression model was adopted to test the primary assumption of the study. The result of the investigation revealed a positive interaction between SPA and physical activity. Thus, the study concludes that social physique anxiety is an essential determinant of exercise participation among the youth.
Formulation, Development, and Optimization of Anti-
Hypertensive Nisoldipine Extended-Release Tablet
Formulation
Authors: Kumar Kukkadapu Pavan , Sunand Katta , Mounika Nerella , Samad Mohammed Abdul , Babu A. Madhu , Chinnala Krishna Mohan
Published: November 2021

A drug molecule has to be water-soluble to be readily delivered to the cellular membrane. Many drugs are waterinsoluble,
which creates numerous problems in the development of dosage forms. Controlled drug delivery
formulation releases the drug with controlled kinetics for days and months, reducing the frequency of dosing,
minimizing side effects, and improving patient compliance. Nisoldipine is a calcium channel antagonist that is
indicated for the treatment of hypertension with very poor aqueous solubility. Thus, there is a need to improve
the rate of drug release. Hence, the study was carried out to design, formulate and evaluate sustained-release
tablet formulation of nisoldipine. Nisoldipine controlled release matrix tablets were prepared by roll compaction
method. Preformulation studies have confirmed the purity and compatibility of drug with excipients used in the
formulation. Pre-compression studies have confirmed the stability of formulation blends for compression. All
the prepared formulations were evaluated for various physical and compression parameters such as bulk and
tapped density, hardness, friability, and in vitro drug release studies. The results of drug release from prepared
compressed nisoldipine extended-release tablets were found to be within the desired range.
Method Development Technologies for Clopidogrel Bisulphate by Improving Solubility and Bioavailability
Authors: A. Deevan Paul , Neelima Avilala , Prasanthi Chitra , Kota Navyaja
Published: November 2021

Clopidogrel bisulphate (CB) is a crystalline, poorly water-soluble drug of bioavailability less than 50%. The drug is an irreversible inhibitor of the P2Y12 adenosine diphosphate receptor found on the membranes of platelet cells. The present work was performed using different polymers such as Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) K-30 and polyvinyl alcohol with varied surfactants such as Tween 80 in comparison by using superdisintegrants like Sodium Starch Glycolate (SSG) and Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC). By performing the particle size distribution, the size ranges from 232.6 nm to 995.6 nm and the polydispersity index ranges from 0.11 to 0.96, these ranges indicating the good physical nature of nanoparticles. The drug entrapment efficiency (DEE) of clopidogrel bisulphate nanoparticles was found to be in the range of 30.10% to 94.4%. From the study, it was found that F2 formulation containing PVP K-30 and L-arginine has given the best release in 80mins and the maximum cumulative drug release was 96.8% in comparison with other formulation, and the dissolution studies were performed for the seven formulations of prepared clopidogrel bisulphate granules among which F5 formulation containing crospovidone has given maximum drug release of 91.6% within 80mins. Here we state that the method development technologies improve the solubility and bioavailability studies by producing the nanoparticles.
Challenges and Future Prospects of Nanotechnology for Antiviral Drugs
Authors: Chahal Kavita , Mishra Renu
Published: November 2021

The emergence and re-emergence of pathogenic viruses during the last few decades are causing several pandemics. This has become a serious public health concern. The major causes could be resistance, latency, and toxicity of the virus. Also, there are other factors like improper diagnosis and immunosuppression caused by antivirals. Hence, the rapid development of antivirals following a conventional protocol of drug development is challenging. However, there is a ray of hope reflected from some alternative approaches such as gene inhibition by RNA interference (RNAi), regulation of gene expression by aptamers, ribozymes, novel drug delivery systems, in silico resources recent advances in nanomedicines. Nanotechnology-based strategies show pinkiepromise to the therapeutic management (diagnosis, treatment, and prevention) of life-threatening viral infections. The basis for the potential pharmaceutical use of nanoparticles includes their interactions with biological interfaces, their particle size, good electrical conductivity, and the Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance effect. This review discusses the strategies, challenges, drawbacks, and prospects of nanotechnology for making effective and safe antiviral drugs.
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles – Characterization and Antimicrobial Studies
Authors: Priya Disholin Dennison , Rajesh Thangavel Pichaiappa , Sundar Rachel Syam , Narendhar Chandrasekhar
Published: November 2021

Nanotechnology is one of the most promising technologies that give us better outcomes from biological and industrial issues. This work ismainly based on the green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles, assisted by the flower extract. The nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized using UV Visible spectroscopy with characteristic absorbance peaks at 300 nm and 310 nm. Prominent Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) peaks were obtained corresponding to phenols, amide group, aromatic ring, hydroxyl group, and carbonate ions involved in the stabilization of iron oxide nanoparticles formation. Dynamic light scattering analysis of nanoparticles showed the average sizes as 80.7 nm. Scanning electron microscope images revealed that the size of iron nanoparticles in the range of 160-300 nm. The green synthesized iron nanoparticles have promising potential to inhibit the growth of bacteria. Iron oxide nanoparticles inhibit E. coli, B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa was also enumerated as antimicrobial study. The phytochemicals alkaloid, flavonoid, glycoside, terpenoid, and saponin present in theSenna auriculata may be attributed to reducing iron oxidenanoparticles.
Study of Potential Application of Cyanobacteria Leptolyngbya Valderiana in Skin Cosmeceuticals
Authors: Ratnaparkhe Shraddha , Mali Devyani , Nabar Bela
Published: November 2021

Skin is the outermost cover and first line of defense of the human body. Skin cosmeceuticals are therapeutic agents used to maintain flawless skin and prevent skin disorders. Considering the ill effects of synthetic active agents, natural metabolites are preferred for skincare. Cyanobacterium was known to produce various secondary metabolites with therapeutic potential. This study focuses on screening whole-cell extract of Leptolyngbya valderiana for skincare. Isolation and identification of cyanobacteria were made. The whole-cell extract of Leptolyngbya valderiana was studied for its metabolite profile, mainly for proteins, carbohydrate, and lipid content. Screening of whole-cell extract was carried out for its (2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) (ABTS) radical scavenging ability and UV absorption potential. The antimicrobial effect of extracts was determined by agar cup and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method using salicylic acid as a standard. Skin whitening potential was determined using tyrosinase inhibition assay. Leptolyngbya valderiana was isolated from the tree bark and selected for further study. The extract of Leptolyngbya valderiana was found to have 25.22% proteins, 36.65 % carbohydrates and 35.97% lipids. The extract was found to have antioxidant potential with 96.55% ABTS radical scavenging potential. Antimicrobial potency of the extract against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Propionibacterium acne MTCC 1351, Candida albicans ATCC 10231 was equivalent to salicylic acid. The test extract was found to inhibit the tyrosinase enzyme by 43.46%. The test extract is rich in proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. The extract has significant antioxidant potential, antimicrobial efficiency, ability to absorb ultraviolet B and ultraviolet A region, tyrosinase inhibition potential indicative photoprotective, and skin whitening potential. The isolate Leptolyngbya valderiana has a promising potential for skin cosmeceuticals.
Geographical Survey and Genetic Variation Studies of Few Chilly Varieties Collected from Different Regions of Karnataka, India
Authors: Shree Devi , Rao Pavitra B. S. , Gowda Surendra H. , Dakappa Shruthi S.
Published: November 2021

Chillies are widely used throughout the world in the form of spice and are also used in making beverages and medicines. They are rich in vitamins, especially in vitamin A and C. Chillies contain lots of minerals like potassium, magnesium, and iron. They have been employed for pain relief as they are known to inhibit pain messengers and hence their extracts are used to alleviate the pain of arthritis, headaches, burns, and neuralgia. It is also claimed that they have the power to boost the immune system and lower cholesterol. They are also helpful in getting rid of gut parasites. In this regard we attempted to do a geographical survey about the chilly varieties and chilly growing states in India. We collected the local varieties of chillies available in Karnataka and performed genetic variation studies to understand their relationship at the genetic level. PCR analysis was done using the selected random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker to identify the polymorphic loci between the genotypes taken. DNA Barcoding was done to validate the species using basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) and Clustal Omega, further dendrogram was constructed which guide the joining linkage rule of unweighted pair group average (UPGMA) and the genetic distance to compute from matrix table. The results obtained highlight the relationship between species of Capsicum annum, Capsicum frutescens which are closely related followed by Capsicum pubescens and Capsicum baccatum providing knowledge about its application in genetics and plant breeding in developing efficient hybrid variety.
In vivo Administration of Testosterone Propionate in Cattle Analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry: An Enzymatic Hydrolysis Study and Drug Abuse Issues
Authors: Rocha Diego , Lana Mary Ane , Faria Adriana , Augusti Rodinei , de Assis Débora
Published: November 2021

This study involved an animal experiment in which testosterone propionate was intramuscularly injected into four steers, and the ensuing urine samples were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The enzymatic hydrolysis conditions were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and response surface methodology employing a 33 Box-Behnken design. A survey study was performed in which 48 urine samples were collected from eight untreated steers to estimate the endogenous levels of testosterone metabolites, and it was found that 17β-testosterone was not detected in the majority of the samples, whereas 17α-testosterone was present in 43 of the 48. Drug abuse was identified within 11 days of 17β-testosterone administration. The ratio between both isomers was also assessed; however, a cut-off limit based on an untreated population could not be estimated due to the absence of the beta isomer. Therefore, there may be a correlation between the exogenous use of testosterone in castrate animals and high levels of 17β-testosterone, although confirmation through further investigation would be required.
Ictiosis canina, más allá de una simple descamación: reporte de caso en un Boston terrier
Authors: Ordoñez Palacios Andrés Renato , Jarrin Hidalgo Cyntia Dayana , Reyes Pinos Michelle Estefanía , Obregón López Rosa Luz , Guzmán Jorge , Dacak Diego
Published: November 2021

La ictiosis canina es un trastorno queratoseborreico primario de carácter hereditario, el cual se ha reportado en Golden retriever, Bull dog americano, Jack Russell terrier, Cavalier King Charles spaniel y Gran danés. En el presente reporte se describe un caso clínico en un Boston terrier que desde cachorro ha presentado diferentes lesiones cutáneas, tiene años de evolución y varios tratamientos previos sin éxito. El diagnóstico se realizó mediante el descarte de otras dermatopatías y un estudio histopatológico. Se instauró un tratamiento multimodal de por vida para reestablecer la barrera cutánea y manejar el desorden de la cornificación.
Leucograma, proteínas totales y diferenciadas en mulares Equus mulus jóvenes de la policía en Boyacá (Colombia)
Authors: Ariza Suárez Ángela , Rosas Gutierrez Magnolia Maria , Calderón García Juan Camilo , Prieto Lux José Alejandro
Published: November 2021

Objetivo. Determinar los valores leucocitarios, proteínas totales, fibrinógeno, albúmina y globulina en mulares sanos jóvenes pertenecientes a la Policía Nacional de Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Se muestrearon 50 mulares sanos entre machos y hembras. Se obtuvieron muestras de sangre por venopunción yugular para el análisis de recuento total y diferencial de leucocitos, albúmina, globulina, y proteínas plasmáticas totales por medio de conteo en cámara de Neubauer, frotis sanguíneo y espectrofotometría. Los datos fueron analizados por estadística descriptiva, y se realizó un análisis comparativo con la media reportada para otros équidos utilizando la prueba de T-student (P<0,05) y la prueba de Wilcoxon. Se estableció una confiabilidad del 95% y un margen de error del 5%. Resultados. Los valores de leucocitos fueron: 11,32 ± 2,99 x 10⁹ células/μl Diferencial: Neutrófilos 5038,6 ± 2228,9 células/µl, Linfocitos: 5758 ± 1975,9 células/µl; monocitos 109,95 ± 156,9 células/µl, Relación N/L: 1,03 ± 0,66, Proteínas totales 7 ± 0,39 gr/dl, Albúmina 4,48 ± 0,18 gr/dl, globulina 2,51 ± 0,43 gr/dl, relación A/G 1,7 ± 0,71, fibrinógeno 206 ± 107,6. Conclusiones. Se encontraron diferencias de la media en el recuento de leucocitos totales, diferenciales y fibrinógeno, comparando con otros équidos; estos valores fueron más cercanos a los encontrados en burros catalanes jóvenes. Con otros mulares jóvenes no hubo diferencias en los valores de leucocitos, neutrófilos y linfocitos. Los valores medios de proteínas totales, albúmina y globulina, se encontraron muy cercanos a los valores reportados en equinos. Los resultados obtenidos muestran la importancia de investigar los parámetros hematológicos en mulares de acuerdo con la raza, la edad y el manejo.
EXPEDIENTE
Authors: Editores Revista Inter-Legere
Published: November 2021

EXPEDIENTE
A Ira da palavra
Authors: Holanda Cruz Yuri
Published: November 2021

Resenha do livro:

ROCHA, João Cezar de Castro. Guerra cultural e retórica do ódio: crônicas de um Brasil pós-político. 1ª Edição. Goiânia: Editora e Livraria Caminhos, 2021.
INSTITUCIONALIZAÇÃO DO BALANCED SCORECARD: O CASO DE UMA ORGANIZAÇÃO BRASILEIRA
Authors: Eberle de Almeida Veronica , Colauto Romualdo Douglas , Costa Mayla Cristina
Published: November 2021

As organizações se veem cada vez mais obrigadas a inovar na utilização de ferramentas gerenciais para subsidiar o processo de tomada de decisão, a fim de criar vantagem competitiva diante de seus concorrentes. Neste contexto, o Balanced Scorecard é visto como uma ferramenta de avaliação do desempenho empresarial que extrapola aos indicadores contábeis e financeiros e ajuda a melhorar a gestão e o acompanhamento dos resultados da organização, pois tem como foco o planejamento estratégico e o desempenho organizacional. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar o processo de planejamento e desenvolvimento do BSC, bem como verificar se esta ferramenta gerencial encontra-se institucionalizada em uma organização do setor elétrico da região sul do Brasil. O estudo foi conduzido sob a estratégia de um estudo de caso e utilizou-se de dados levantados por meio de análise documental e entrevistas. Não foram verificados elementos suficientes para afirmar que a ferramenta se encontra institucionalizada, mas sim que esta encontra-se internalizada passando ainda por um período de adoção, mesmo que a decisão pela implantação tenha ocorrido em um momento de mudança do ambiente em que a organização estava inserida.Palavras-chave: Balanced Scorecard. Institucionalização. Teoria Institucional.
35 ANOS DE PUBLICAÇÕES ACADÊMICAS DA REVISTA DE ADMINISTRAÇÃO DA USP
Authors: Ribeiro Henrique César Melo , Corrêa Rosany , Costa Benny Kramer , Fischmann Adalberto Américo
Published: November 2021

Este artigo mapeia a produção científica da Revista de Administração da USP no período de 1977 a 2011. Metodologicamente, o estudo se baseia em técnicas de pesquisa bibliométrica e sociométrica, utilizando estatística descritiva e multivariada em 979 artigos identificados. Os principais resultados encontrados foram: predominância de artigos de autoria conjunta; os autores Sbragia e Vasconcellos foram os que mais publicaram artigos; os pesquisadores Porter, M. E. e Kotler, P. foram os mais citados nas referências nos 35 anos de pesquisa; a Universidade de São Paulo foi a Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) que mais publicou; alta centralidade de grau nas redes de coautoria e das IES; a abordagem quantitativa se destacou nos 979 artigos investigados; os temas Cultura Organizacional, Governança Corporativa, Estratégias Empresariais, Mercado de Capitais, Estrutura Organizacional e Desempenho foram os mais evidenciados no período de 1977 a 2011. Concluiu-se de forma geral, que o acervo da Revista de Administração da USP reflete o universo da produção acadêmica da área de administração, ajudando assim a desenvolver, disseminar e socializar a área por meio de artigos científicos publicados na literatura acadêmica nacional.Palavras-chave: Revista de Administração da USP; Bibliometria; Rede Social.
Estudo da dinâmica da paisagem sob influência do plantio de eucalipto em Matões/MA entre os anos 2008 e 2015
Authors: Andrade Felipe Henrique da Silva
Published: November 2021

A pesquisa tem como objetivo estudar a dinâmica da paisagem sob influência dos impactos decorrentes da introdução do cultivo do eucalipto no município de Matões/MA entre 2008 e 2015. As seguintes questões nortearam a investigação: Como o plantio de eucalipto está afetando a dinâmica da paisagem no município de Matões/MA? A implantação dessa monocultura leva em conta as características naturais da área em que está instalada? A abordagem da pesquisa é quali-quantitativa, e para tanto se procedeu com revisão bibliográfica, pesquisa de campo para observação, marcação de pontos em GPS, registro fotográfico e preenchimento de planilhas de campo e fase de gabinete para elaboração de mapas de uso da terra por meio do tratamento dos dados em ambiente SIG. Os resultados apontam que houve expansão de 6,87% da área plantada com eucalipto para os períodos de 2008 a 2015. Através da pesquisa foi possível o reconhecimento dos impactos do plantio e a distribuição da monocultura do eucalipto ao longo da área do município.
Comparação mensal, sazonal e anual de métodos de estimativas da evapotranspiração de referência para Juazeiro-BA e Petrolina-PE
Authors: Cabral Júnior Jório Bezerra , Silva Cláudio Moisés Santos e , Almeida Hermes Alves de
Published: November 2021

A Evapotranspiração de referência (ET0) além de ser um importante indicador climático é também um indicativo da demanda de água para a atmosfera, cujo conhecimento fornece subsídios para o manejo e gestão dos recursos hídricos, especialmente nas atividades agrícolas. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é o de comparar a ET0 estimada por diferentes métodos para Juazeiro, BA (9°24’S; 40°26’W e 375,5m) e Petrolina, PE (09°09’S, 40°22’W e 376m). De posse dos dados meteorológicos diários, disponibilizados pela EMBRAPA Semiárido, no período de 01.01.1976 a 31.12.2014, estimou-se a ET0 diária utilizando-se o método padrão de Penman-Monteith (ET0PM). Outros métodos de estimativas (mais simplificados) foram estimados e comparados à ET0PM, a citar: Radiação Solar (ET0RS), Linacre (ET0L), Hargreaves e Samani (ET0HS) e o método do Tanque Classe A (ET0TCA). O teste de média t de Student foi aplicado para averiguar se há diferença significativa entre as médias de estimativas da ET0. O coeficiente de correlação (r) e estatísticas de Willmott et al. (1985) foram utilizadas para avaliar o índice de concordância e de desempenho. Em termos comparativos o método de melhor concordância com a ET0PM foram a ET0RS com desempenho muito bom, nas duas localidades, seguido pelo método da ET0L com desempenho bom (Juazeiro) e mediano (Petrolina). A ET0HS obteve o pior desempenho (péssimo), para as duas localidades. Conclui-se, para as localidades analisadas, que na ausência de dados meteorológicos para estimar a ET0 pelo método padrão poder-se-á estimar a ET0 através da regressão linear simples utilizando como variável independente a ET0RS ou a ET0L.
Percepção entomológica por discentes do Ensino Fundamental em Ciências em vistas a proteção da biodiversidade.
Authors: Belarmino Alves Carlos Antônio , Balbino Cavalcante Márcio , Vieira de Arruda Luciene , Santos Souza Ramon
Published: November 2021

Os insetos são seres que se encontram em maior abundância e com diversas funções no planeta sendo apenas 10% que prejudica o homem, no entanto, existe ainda uma visão negativa em relação ao mundo dos insetos. A pesquisa analisou a percepção entomológica dos discentes quanto ao conhecimento que possuem sobre os insetos. O estudo foi realizado através de questionários não estruturados composto por quatro questões para 37 e 35 discentes nas séries de 8º e 9º ano respectivamente totalizando 72 discentes na Escola Estadual Ministro José Américo de Almeida na cidade de Areia - PB. Ao analisar os questionários, constatou-se que 84,61% dos discentes classificaram de maneira correta os organismos pertencentes à classe insecta, e os demais indivíduos “insetos” eram de outras categorias taxonômicas amphibia, arachnida, chilopoda, gastropoda, hirudínea, mammalia, oligochaeta e reptilia. Essa visão pode ser explicada pela hipótese da ambivalência entomoprojetiva, onde os seres humanos tendem a projetar sentimentos de nocividade, periculosidade, irritabilidade, repugnância e menosprezo aos animais determinados culturalmente como "insetos" e classificá-los em uma mesma categoria. Nesse sentido, os discentes ainda tem pouco conhecimento sobre os aspectos positivo dos insetos sendo necessário que os docentes busquem formas para transmitir o tema.