bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
WORLD’S FIRST LAW FOR ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE. LEGAL, ETHICAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS
Authors:   Sofia University ‘St. Kliment Ohridski’, Sofia, Manchev Angel
Published: October 2024

The European Parliament has enacted the first comprehensive AI law, garnering widespread public interest and varied reactions. This regulation addresses the specific challenges posed by AI systems, aiming to ensure their safety, legal compliance, and alignment with EU fundamental rights and values. Key goals include fostering legal certainty to boost AI investments and innovations, enhancing governance, and preventing market fragmentation. The law employs a risk-based framework, categorizing AI systems into four risk levels: unacceptable, high, limited, and minimal. Unacceptable risk systems, like real-time biometric identification in public spaces, are banned. High-risk systems, such as those used in critical infrastructure or employment, require stringent oversight. Limited risk systems must maintain transparency, informing users when they are interacting with AI. Minimal risk systems, including AI spam filters, are allowed with minimal regulation but still require transparency. Significantly, the law emphasizes ethical AI development, particularly regarding copyright issues in generative AI. It mandates compliance with copyright laws, transparency about training data, and robust cybersecurity measures. Non-compliant companies face severe fines, up to 35 million euros or 7% of annual global revenue. The EU’s AI law sets a pioneering regulatory standard, potentially influencing global AI governance. It aims to balance protecting citizens’ rights with fostering a competitive and innovative AI market in Europe, potentially serving as a model for other democratic nations.
Healing efficacy of a novel wound therapy with enrofloxacin-HCl·2H2O/sodium alginate in unresponsive wounds in dogs
Authors: Gutiérrez Lilia , Pérez-Gallardo Norma , del Villar-Velasco Jorge Luna , Tapia-Pérez Graciela , Sumano Héctor
Published: October 2024

Wound-healing of lesions unresponsive to antibiotic treatment in dogs prompted a clinical trial aimed to assess a new hydrogel based on sodium alginate and the enrofloxacin crystal-solvate (HCl·2H2O [enro-C]). Fifty-six cases of full-thickness infected cavity wounds, unresponsive to at least one complete antibiotic treatment scheme, were included in this trial over a year. Patients were classified into three severity categories based on their lesions’ chronicity and clinical characteristics. The hydrogel was applied twice to four times daily for the necessary time until resolution (endpoint). Follow-up was done every other day for up to 4 weeks when required and weekly for two more months after the endpoint was reached. The hydrogel was internalized in the cavity wounds, delivering the necessary volume which was becoming progressively smaller until healing as perceived by clinicians and owners. A control group was formed based on historical data from the participants’ case filings. All dogs in the trial healed. The mean time needed for full recovery was 6.75 ± 1.36 days in dogs graded severity-1, 13.76 ± 4.2 days for severity-2, and 24.47 ± 6.7 days for severity-3. Tissue concentrations of enro-C/gram of wounded tissue must be determined to improve and rationalize the use of the tested hydrogel, and systemic and topic drug interactions must be determined. The outstanding biocompatibility, gel-forming ability, and lack of apparent toxicity of the hydrogel make it an advantageous option for wound treatment.
Cryoprotective potential of urea in bat cells in vitro
Authors: Němcová Monika , Adam Šimon , Bednaříková Šárka , Piaček Vladimír , Pikula Jiří
Published: October 2024

Hibernating bats potentially risk cold-induced cell damage. However, the cells of hibernating bats have previously been shown to be able to cope with sub-zero temperatures, either alone or due to glucose cryoprotection. The aim of our study was to determine the survival rate of bat-derived cells in vitro after 24 h at −20 °C in a medium supplemented with urea at concentrations ranging from 0 to 320 mM or with a urea-glucose combination. Urea showed limited cryoprotective potential, with cell survival rates not exceeding 3% at urea concentrations of 20 to 40 mM, which corresponds to reported levels for blood urea in bats. Higher urea concentrations tended to be toxic rather than protective. Importantly, urea appeared to relieve delayed-onset cell death after cell rewarming, and also improved the cryoprotective effect of glucose up to three-fold. Thus, supplementation of cell cultures with a cryoprotectant mix containing urea could increase cell survival rates.
RIBA DAN BUNGA DALAM "PERMAINAN BAHASA" WITTGENSTEIN
Authors: Mun'im Muhtadi Abdul
Published: October 2024

Artikel ini akan mengkaji tentang perdebatan mengenai kesamaan atau perbedaan antara bunga bank dan riba yang telah menghiasi wacana pemikiran Islam. Biasanya, perdebatan tersebut berujung pada masalah hukum fiqh, antara halal atau haram. Hal yang mungkin luput dari perhatian banyak orang adalah konteks penggunaan kata riba dan bunga bisa berbeda-beda. Konsekuensi dari konteks penggunaan bahasa yang berbeda akan menyebabkan makna yang berbeda pula. Masalah inilah yang kemudian akan penulis cermati dengan menggunakan analisaÂ language gamesyang diletakkan dalam konteks agama dan ekonomi. Tujuan tulisan ini adalah untuk menemukan tentang adanya interkoneksitas yang bisa saling mempengaruhi makna bahasa di luar konteks penggunaannya, terutama berkaitan dengan makna literal, semantik dan substansial. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, tulisan ini akan dimulai dengan pembahasan mengenai â€œpermainan bahasaâ€ yang dimaksudkan Wittgenstein, sehingga bisa diterapkan sebagai alat bedah filsafat bahasa dalam menganalisa kata riba dan bunga. Bagian berikutnya akan dibahas kata riba dan bunga dalam konteks agama dan ekonomi secara terpisah. Adapun hasil dari artikel ini adalah bahwa Riba dan bunga dalam ekonomi Islam dianggap bermakna sama. Hal tersebut terjadi karena dalam ekonomi Islam, tidak ada pemisahan antara konteks agama dan konteks ekonomi. Dalam kehidupan Muslim, seringkali terjadi intervensi antar konteks dan antar aturan permainan. Hal ini berarti, ada keterkaitan lintas konteks yang bisa saling mempengaruhi makna bahasa. Hal ini lebih dari sekedar apa yang telah disampaikan dalam teori â€˜permainan bahasaâ€™ Wittgenstein. Tampaknya, riba dan bunga bisa digunakan pula sebagai teknik pemasaran untuk mempromosikan produk-produk perbankan syariah â€œtanpa riba atau tanpa bungaâ€, seperti halnya banyak produk makanan yang dipromosikan dengan slogan â€œsugar freeâ€, tanpa bahan pengawet dan semacamnya. Padahal, makna substansial riba melebihi dari sekedar larangan mempraktekkannya, tapi justru mendorong Muslim untuk berbuat lebih dari sekedar menghindarinya, yaitu mewujudkan keadilan, kesejahteraan, pemerataan dan kebahagiaan dunia-akhirat. Jika demikian, mungkin sekarang ini, slogan bebas riba dan bunga tampaknya masih dalam tataran permainan bahasa marketing, baik itu sifatnya keagamaan atau maksud-maksud ekonomi lainnya.Â
PEMIMPIN IDEAL DALAM AL-QURâ€™AN (Studi Komparatif Penafsiran Quraish Shihab dan Hamka Kajian QS. Al-Baqarah Ayat 30 dan QS. Shad Ayat 26)
Authors: Muin Syahrulloh , Sholeh Moh Jufriyadi
Published: October 2024

Manusia sebagai makhluk ciptaan Allah SWT yang penuh dengan kesempurnaan. Kesempurnaan manusia karena amanah yang diberikan oleh Allah yang menjadikan manusia sebagai pemimpin di muka bumi. Menjadi pemimpin ideal tentu manusia harus bertanggungjawab mengatur, mengolah, memelihara dan memakmurkan bumi. Di era sekarang banyak pemimpin yang menjadikan Islam sebagai aspek yang penting, akan tetapi sikap Islami belum Tampak dalam diri pemimpin. Al-Quran sendiri merupakan teks yang valid untuk mengetahui hakikat seorang pemimpin secara baik dan utuh, yang menuntun manusia untuk melakukan tugas dan tanggungjawab dalam kepemimpinan. Artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan library research (penelitian kepustakaan), serta penelitian ini menggunakan metode tafsir maudhuâ€™i yaitu mengumpulkan ayat-ayat al-Qurâ€™an yang mempunyai tujuan yang satu dan membahas topik tertentu dengan menonjolkan tema atau topik pembahasan. Adapun rumusan masalah dalam artikel ini adalah bagaimana pemimpin ideal dalam Al Qurâ€™an menurut M Quraish Shihab dan Hamka dan bagaimana letak persamaan dan perbedaan pemimpin ideal dalam Al Qurâ€™an menurut M Quraish Shihab dan Hamka. Adapun hasil penelitian dalam artikel ini bahwasanya M Quraish Shihab dan Hamka telah menafsirkan tentang pemimpin ideal dalam Al-Qurâ€™an yaitu ada beberapa konsep dan ciri khas yang harus dimiliki pemimpin yang ideal di antaranya, Pertama, orang yang berilmu. Kedua, orang yang selalu berjuang. Ketiga, orang yang selalu berkorban. Keempat, Seorang khalifah berpotensi bahkan secara aktual dapat menjauhkan hawa nafsu dalam melakukan kepemimpinan. Kelima, orang yang totalitas. Sedangkan perbedaannya tentang pengertian pemimpin ideal, menurut Quraish Shihab para pemimpin di bumi ini sebagai pengganti Allah dalam menegakkan kehendak-Nya, tetapi bukan karena Allah tidak mampu atau menjadikan manusia berkedudukan sebagai Tuhan, namun karena Allah bermaksud menguji manusia dan memberinya penghormatan. Adapun menurut Hamka pemimpin ideal di artikan sebagai menggantikan Allah, dengan pemahaman bahwa sebagai pengganti Allah bukanlah berarti ia berkuasa pula sebagai Allah dan sama kedudukannya dengan Allah, bukan bermaksud demikian, melainkan manusia diangkat oleh Allah menjadi Khalifah-Nya dengan perintah-perintah tertentu.
RUMAH MODERASI BERAGAMA SEBAGAI IMPLEMENTASI ISLAM WASHATIYAH DI ERA SOCIETY 5.0 (ANALISIS Q.S.AL BAQARAH/2: 143)
Authors: Sirait Azyana Alda , Pramita Sindi , Al Farabi Mohammad , Ritonga Asnil Aidah
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsep Islam wasathiyyah prespektif Q.S Al-Baqarah/2:143, karakteristik Islam wasathiyyah, untuk mengetahui rumah moderasi beragama di era society 5.0. Metode yang digunakan adalah libray research. Hasil penelitian, bahwa wasatiyah adalah umat pertengahan. Sifat pertengahan tersebut membuat pelakunya seimbang, tidak memihak ke kanan (kaum yang cenderung mementingkan kepentingan dunia) dan ke kiri (kaum yang mementingkan kepentingan akhirat). Untuk mensyiarkan konsep di atas sangat efektif dengan rumah moderasi beragama dalam lingkup digital. Tahapannya yaitu: persiapan, dengan perekrutan para cendikiawan muslim, pembuatan library digital moderasi beragama, perekrutan daâ€™i atau ustadz untuk mensyiâ€™ar kan dakwah rumah moderasi beragama sebagai implementasi Islam, perekrutan tim publikasi dan duta moderasi beragama. Pelaksanaan yaitu internalisasi kepada peserta didik dan kaum milineal. Kaum milineal diharapkan mampu mempengaruhi masyarakat untuk mencontoh konsep Islam wasathiyah dalam hal menegakkan moderasi beragama.Â
KISAH ASHABUL KAHFI DALAM QS. AL-KAHFI (18): 13-26 (Analisis Maqasid Al-Qurâ€™an Thahir Ibn Asyur)
Authors: Salamah Saadatus , Kirom Abdul
Published: October 2024

Kisah pemuda mukmin Ashabul Kahfi yang dituangkan atau dituturkan di dalam Al-Qurâ€™an merupakan salah satu contoh sebuah kisah yang sempurna, dengan segala kejelasan yang luar biasa dan merupakan sebuah upaya menuju pemurnian. Kisah Ashabul Kahfi ini merupakan tema tematik yang memiliki tujuan-tujuan Al-Qurâ€™an yang disebut dengan Maqasid Al-Qurâ€™an. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan mengenai maqasid Al-Qurâ€™an Tahir Ibn 'Ashur dan pendekatan tafsir maqasidi kisah Ashabul Kahfi dalam mempertahankan akidah. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dengan pendekatan tafsir maqasid. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini bahwa kisah Ashabul Kahfi QS Al-Kahfi bertumpu pada makna dan tujuan, pertama Akidah (menjaga keimanan. Kedua, Kekuasaan Allah Swt. Ketiga, Rencana dan keinginan Allah Swt: dalam kisah mengandung maksud bahwa kehidupan kita selalu dalam rencana Allah Keempat, Keberanian dan keteguhan: kelompok pemuda ini menunjukkan keberanian dan keteguhan dalam mempertahankan keimanan mereka, meskipun dihadapkan pada penganiayaan dan kesulitan hidup, kelima, Teguran peringatan sekaligus kabar gembira: teguran peringatan bagi kaum mereka yakni musyrik (menyembah selain Allah) tidak akan mendapatkan pertolongan dan petujuk dari sang maha pemberi petujuk (Allah).
Household cards of the agricultural census of 1920. as a historical source
Authors:   Institute of History, Language and Literature, Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russian Federation, Tagirova Leila F.
Published: October 2024

During the final stage of the Civil War, the leadership of the RSFSR decided to conduct the first Soviet, including agricultural census, in September-October 1920. The article deals with the collection of primary sources of the agricultural census of 1920. - The article deals with the collection of primary sources of the agricultural census of 1920, such as farmstead cards of peasant households in the Autonomous Soviet Bashkir Republic (Little Bashkiria), preserved in the National Archive of the Republic of Bashkortostan. It is noted that several archives of the country have preserved such collections of household cards as the primary source of the census. In the territory of the newly formed Bashkir Republic, two types of household cards have been identified. These documents recorded the surname, first name and patronymic of the owner of the yard, his nationality, the number and age of family members, the number of livestock, poultry, field and vegetable crops. If available, beekeeping, vineyards and industrial establishments of the family were taken into account. The study of this source will allow historians to identify not only general demographic and economic indicators, but also the national identity of peoples, family composition, population migration, possibilities of military mobilization, and to trace the territories where famine was already approaching in 1920. Some specialists (historians, demographers) in their works either did not touch upon the 1920 census data or criticized the lack of objectivity of the census data conducted under the conditions of the Civil War. The lack of qualified personnel in the statistical offices of the Soviet country is emphasized. The rapid loss of relevance of the collected data is noted. All this, in general, does not diminish the importance of the collections of household cards as a historical source on the demographic and socio-economic situation of the peasantry in the era of wars, revolutions and cardinal changes in the Soviet state.
Introduction of the card system in besieged Leningrad in the summer of 1941
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia, Khodjakov Mikhail V.
Published: October 2024

During the outbreak of the Great Patriotic War, the introduction of the card system in the Soviet Union was carried out with a great delay. This happened almost a month after the start of the war. The materials identified in the Russian State Archive of Economics and the Central State Archives of St. Petersburg allow us to follow the progress of an important process associated with the decision to introduce a card system and divide the population into groups. The project, and then a government decree, entrusted all work on the production and issuance of cards to the Council of People's Commissars of the union and autonomous republics. The maintenance of city and district card bureaus was carried out at the expense of the population, who had to pay for their activities by depositing money for food cards received in hand. Not realizing the full depth of the coming food crisis, the leaders of Leningrad, simultaneously with the introduction of the card system, allowed the functioning of trade at increased prices. Some categories of the population with high incomes took advantage of this opportunity and actively used commercial stores at the beginning of the war. However, already in September 1941 it was necessary to abandon the sale of goods and products to the population at increased prices. Problems associated with the rationed distribution of products were accompanied by the production and distribution of counterfeit food cards, the issuance of preferential coupons and cards to various categories of workers in Leningrad – initially to workers in “hot” production, and then also to blood donors and pregnant women. The system of food privileges that existed in the besieged city had its own laws. The cards that appeared in July 1941 did not indicate any of the four population groups established by the instructions (workers, employees, dependents and children). In August, bread cards for dependents and children appeared with indications of the corresponding categories (I, D.), and since September the cards had all the designations of categories of the population (P – worker, S – employee, I – dependent, D – children). The resolution of the Leningrad City Executive Committee, adopted on July 26, 1941, provided for the issuance of food cards for the month of August. At the same time, it spoke of transferring an entire group of Leningraders to a boiler allowance (without issuing cards). This category included pupils of orphanages, students of factory training schools, vocational and railway schools of the Main Directorate of Labor Reserves. The system of rationed distribution of products, which existed in a number of cities in the country since July 1941, including Leningrad, developed and became more complex. It played a role in conditions of acute food shortages during the war and was canceled in December 1947.
Peculiarities of training of national intellectual personnel in Nikolaevsk-on-Amur technical school of the peoples of the North in the 1930s.
Authors:   Far Eastern State University of Railway Transport, Khabarovsk, Russia, Akhmetova Anna V. , Kovalchuk Mikhail A. ,   Far Eastern State University of Railway Transport, Khabarovsk, Russia, Bobyshev Sergey V. ,   Far Eastern State University of Railway Transport, Khabarovsk, Russia
Published: October 2024

The article reveals the problems of training of national personnel in Nikolaevsk-on-Amur Pedagogical Technical School of the Peoples of the North in the period of radical transformation of the national policy of the 1930s. The authors analyzed the documents of state and municipal archives, which revealed the facts testifying to the formation and development of the educational institution, as well as the difficulties that teachers and students had to face because of the move from Khabarovsk to Nikolaevsk-on-Amur. The article investigates the activity of secondary specialized educational institution at the initial stage of its existence based on the use of documents from archives and previously not involved in the scientific turnover. In addition to the principles of historicism, objectivity and comprehensiveness, the study uses a biopolitical approach, thanks to which biosocial factors are taken into account when considering the problems of the organization of the pedagogical process. Of particular importance is the consideration of the documents of the fund of the Municipal Archive of the Nikolaevsky District (MANR), dedicated to the activities of the Nikolaevsk-on-Amur Technical School of the Peoples of the North. The archival documents reflected the main problems of the formation of the educational institution: the construction of educational premises, the need for a dormitory, the relationship of students with teaching and medical staff, as well as the peculiarities of the implementation of educational programs with students from indigenous minorities of the North. The significance of the use of historical documents lies in the fact that the whole period of existence of the archive fund (from 1926 to the present) they were first used for scientific purposes. The authors managed to show the complex economic and political circumstances of the transfer of the technical school from the regional center to a remote area, and presented an objective picture of the initial stage of formation of the system of education and upbringing of small ethnic groups of the Lower Amur on the example of one secondary vocational institution. The most acute issues at the initial stages of the technical school's activity were not educational, but medical and everyday problems of students and teachers. The significance of the scientific results of the study lies in the absence of similar studies in the Soviet and modern historiography. The conclusions presented in the article allow us to develop a methodology for a comprehensive study of educational institutions of remote regions with national specifics.
The fate of the archive of the Chinese Eastern Railway (CER). 1898-1953
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Economics, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Krotova Maria V.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the fate of the complex of archival documents of the Chinese Eastern Railway (CEL), exported in parts from China to the USSR in 1935-1953. The relevance of the article is conditioned by the fact that the question about the fate of the CEL archive has not been raised in the research literature. Meanwhile, it is of great importance not only for archivists, but also for specialists dealing with the problems of foreign policy of the Russian Empire and the USSR, history of Russian-Chinese relations, peculiarities of Russian presence in Manchuria. The question about formation and export of the CEL documents complex is closely connected with the history of the road, built in 1898-1903 on the territory of North-Eastern China (Manchuria). In connection with political events CEL changed owners and way of management several times. For half a century of existence of the road a considerable array of documents was accumulated, which remained scattered for a long time, but the most part of it was in Harbin. In 1952, in the process of transferring the China-Changchun Railway (CCR) to the People's Republic of China (PRC), the question of the fate of the huge archive of the railway arose. Initially, a special commission in Harbin decided to destroy most of the documents, but the USSR Ministry of Railways insisted on exporting them to the Soviet Union. The article focuses on the process of deciding the fate of the CEL archive in 1952, its division, transfer of some documents to the Chinese side and export of the main body of materials to the USSR in 1953. The historical and genetic method was used to clarify the circumstances that influenced the fate of the archive. The article is based on the principle of preserving the integrity of the archival information environment. Currently, most of the documents exported from China are kept in the fonds 323 “Board of the CEL Society” of the Russian State Historical Archive (RGIA). Some documents are concentrated in Moscow and are kept in the fonds of the Russian State Archive of Economics (RGAE). Until 1990 the fund 323 in RGIA was inaccessible for a wide range of researchers, but after its declassification the documents of CEL are actively used both for scientific work and genealogical research. The author comes to the conclusion that due to the professionalism of the employees of the archives of the Ministry of Railways, who understood the value of the set of documents, most of the materials of the CEL were transported from the PRC to the USSR, and the structure of acquisition was preserved almost completely.
“Perm catastrophe": local self-government bodies in the period of the Supreme Ruler
Authors:   inancial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Dolgova Angela V.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the socio-political situation in Perm province during the period of the Supreme Ruler. The research is based on the documents of the fund R-746 of the State Archive of the Perm Region (GAPK) - “Manager of the Perm Province of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Provisional All-Russian Government”, which were first introduced into scientific circulation. The Perm archive received the documents for secret storage in 1940 from the Sverdlovsk regional archive, and access to them was limited until 1994. Manuscripts and typewritten texts are reports of police chiefs, monthly statements of criminal offenses, correspondence of zemstvo employees with the Governor of the province. It is noteworthy that one of the documents mentions the name of General G. A. Verzhbitsky. Of greatest interest are the reports of district governors on the progress of mobilization and on the political mood of the population under the change of power. A tragedy was unfolding in the city of Perm and its districts in those days. The situation was aggravated by an epidemic of typhus spread by soldiers, inflation, the cessation of work of factories, mobilizations, and an influx of refugees. The lists of executed citizens compiled by the zemstvo clerks show that the Bolshevik terror fell at the end of December 1918, which was explained by the change in the military and political situation on the Eastern Front. Paradoxically, the thesis about the temporary failures of the Red Army and the surrender of Perm looks quite plausible, in the sense that it was not a “catastrophe” of the entire Eastern Front, since we cannot speak about the stability of the Supreme Ruler's power in the province. On the other hand, the situation in the first half of 1919 was truly catastrophic. The discovered archival documents contain information sufficient to assert that during the period in question the local residents did not experience any relief from the hardships of the Civil War, despite the titanic efforts of zemstvo employees to restore order. The aim of the paper is to show the socio-political situation in Perm province by the example of previously unpublished archival documents. The object of the study is local self-government bodies, county and volost zemstvos, town militia, the subject is the realities of socio-political life after December 1918. The main methods of the study were the problem-chronological and comparative-historical. Both methods and sources cited by the author allowed to restore the sequence of events after December 1918 and to analyze the attitude of the population to the change of power.
Studi Kasus Konsumsi Bahan Bakar Armada Mobil Operasional Pada Proyek Oil dan Gas Di Remote Area: Suatu Kajian Ilmiah Berdasarkan Bukti Empiris
Authors: Aziz Hanif Abdul , Putra Dike Fitriansyah
Published: October 2024

Bobot pengeluaran Bahan Bakar Minyak (BBM) pada proyek diskrepansi, mencakup 67% dari total keseluruhan. Dari 67% pengeluaran tersebut, sebesar Rp. 59.914.064,00, atau sekitar 65% adalah untuk kebutuhan BBM mobil operasional. Secara finansial perspektif, pengeluaran BBM mencapai 65% adalah sesuatu hal yang kurang efisien. Hipotesis awal, pengeluaran tersebut terjadi karena ada penyimpangan rute dari jadwal yang telah ditetapkan. Ada 8-unit kendaraan operasional, dengan rute terjadwal menuju 9 gathering station (GS), dan Pekanbaru. Secara aktual, 8-unit mobil operasional tersebut, telah menempuh jarak sejauh 70.405 Km selama kurang lebih 70 hari (waktu proyek berjalan). Sementara, dari rute yang telah dijadwalkan, rute tempuh akumulatif dari 8-unit mobil operasional adalah 56.716,4 km. Terjadi selisih rute sebesar 13.688,6 Km, yang mengakibatkan terjadinya budged overrun sebesar Rp. 9.021.045,28. Setelah dilakukan analisis dari data keuangan, didapatkan bahwa telah terjadi penggunaan mobil operasional diluar jam kerja, yang disebut dengan off-hour activity (OHA). Penggunaan mobil pada OHA tersebut, mencakup pencucian mobil, service, pembelian air, gas dan BBM untuk genset, keperluan keluarga, penggantian sparepart dan pengantaran orang sakit. Penggunaan mobil operasional pada OHA, jika dilihat secara rute tempuh, tidak sejauh rute yang telah dijadwalkan. Namun karena frekuensi yang tinggi, maka hal tersebut juga berperan dalam penggunaan BBM secara akumulatif. Total rute yang terakumulasi pada OHA adalah sebesar 3.649,6 Km. Dengan adanya identifikasi OHA, maka penggunaan mobil operasional memiliki dasar yang dapat dipertanggungjawabkan
Efek Penambahan Katalis Dalam Penerunan Viskositas Pada Proses Penyaluran Produk Biosolar
Authors: Merlina Riza , Resionda Muhammad Ayyasi , Sangadji Fauzan Galank , Venriza Oksil
Published: October 2024

Direktur jendral migas merupakan badan yang mengatur standar dan mutu atau spesifikasi bahan bakar minyak. Bahan bakar yang akan didistribusikan harus memenuhi standart spesifikasi untuk menjaga kualitas dan optimalitas bahan bakar. Salah satu spesifikasi yang harus di penuhi pada produk migas biosolar yaitu nilai viskositasnya. Viskositas merupakan tingkat kekentalan suatu fluida. Pada suhu rendah viskositas produk migas akan lebih tinggi, yang dapat menyebabkan minyak sulit untuk mengalir. Kondisi ini berdampak pada proses distribusi melalui moda transportasi pipa.  Penambahan katalis kalium hidroksida (KOH) merupakan salah satu teknik yang digunakan untuk memurnikan dan menurunkan viskositas biosolar. Proses pemurnian dan penurunan viskositas dilakukan dengan proses pretreatment, blanding, dan pengujian viskositas. Pengaruh konsentrasi KOH yang digunakan didapatkan viskositas biosolar yang turun. Proses blanding dilakukan dengan penambahan KOH dengan perbandingan 1:800 dengan penambahan pelarut 21%. Selanjutnya proses blanding dilakukan dengan menggunakan suhu 80°C dengan waktu 1 jam. Proses pemurnian menghasilkan kurang lebih 90% produk dari contoh yang dibuat. Pengujian viskositas menggunakan produk biosolar murni didapat viskositas 4,1622 mm2/s dan untuk contoh yang dibuat viskositas yang di dapat 3,2698 mm2/s hasil pemurnian biosolar dengan penambahan KOH dan pelarut metanol memiliki potensi baik dalam menurunkan viskositas produk biosolar yang nantinya dapat dilakukan optimalisasi dalam pendistribusian.
Optimization of Crude Oil Transmission Process by Installing Electric Heat Tracing in Off-Plot Piping
Authors: Venriza Oksil , Wahyuni Cut Reza
Published: October 2024

Transmisi crude oil merupakan proses penyaluran crude oil dari satu plan ke plan yang lain. Permasalahan yang sering terjadi pada proses transmisi crude oil adalah pembekuan atau kristalilasi parafin apabila suhu di lingkungan menyentuh Pour Point Temperature. Biasanya hal tersebut dapat diatasi dengan penginjeksian Pour Point Depressant ke dalam crude oil. Namun, penggunaan Pour Point Depressant masih belum efektif apabila digunakan secara terus menurus. Hal ini karena Pour Point Depressant dapat mempengaruhi kualitas dari crude oil, meningkatkan risiko lingkungan dan apabila proses trasmisi dilakukan dalam skala besar maka dibutuhkan biaya yang besar pula untuk memenuhinya kebutuhan tersebut. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji penerapan Electric Heat Tracing tipe Constant Wattage sebagai alternatif pengganti Pour Point Depressant pada bagian off plot piping tepatnya pada jaringan pipa transmisi PT ABC. Dengan melakukan simulasi transien menggunakan software OLGA versi 2022.1.1 dibangun beberapa skenario pemasangan Electric Teat Tracing yang paling optimal dalam proses transmisi crude oil sekaligus dapat meminimalisir biaya yang dikeluarkan. Dari simulasi yang dilakukan diketahui bahwa Electric Teat Tracing tipe constant wattage berkapasitas 3 x 100 kW dapat menjaga temperatur pipa diatas nilai Pour Point Temperature yaitu 111ºF dengan 2 titik spot pemasangan KP 1+700 sampai KP 3+200 dan KP 5+800 sampai KP 7+300. Selain itu penggunaan Electric Heat Tracing ini juga lebih ekonomis dibandingkan dengan injeksi Pour Point Depressant.
La vida privada y el derecho a la identidad en la sociedad del espectáculo
Authors: San Vicente Parada Aida del Carmen
Published: October 2024

La era de la información y del conocimiento, es también la era de la manipulación mediática, que nunca fue tan eficiente y que nunca tuvo tanta difusión como hoy, pues cualquier internauta puede divulgar noticias falsas, difamar, denostar, discriminar y cancelar a los otros, esto sin que las empresas que están detrás paguen un quinto. El esparcimiento indiscriminado de las noticias falsas, denuncia: una cultura frívola, una sociedad que solamente reproduce información de forma compulsiva -rozando lo maniático-, que sólo atiende puerilmente aquello que quiere escuchar, que no despliega todo su potencial porque actúa con pereza mental, no desea buscar información, ni contrastarla, reproduce ciegamente y otorga frívolamente la calidad de veraz a todo lo que aparece en los medios de comunicación, antes de hacerse responsable, devela en sí la infantilización de la sociedad del espectáculo. Lo anterior no es solo una problemática social, sino una problemática jurídica que debe buscar soluciones ante la violación del derecho a la vida privada y a la intimidad; es objetivo es construir una ciudadanía que custodie y defienda sus derechos y se obligue a no interferir con los derechos de los otros.
Los niños, las niñas y adolescentes
Authors: Chávez Chávez Leonardo
Published: October 2024

Se trabaja el problema de los niños niñas y adolescentes, víctimas del reclutamiento forzado. Desde el enfoque de violencia, desigualdad y de derechos humanos. Se analiza el reclutamiento forzado en las normas internas e internacionales, además de la urgencia de tipificar de manera específica la conducta de reclutamiento forzado de los niños, niñas y adolescentes, cuestión que ha impedido el acceso a la justicia formal por parte de los niño, niñas y adolescentes que han sufrido la reclusión forzada.
Nuevas Perspectivas Jurídicas
Authors: Rodríguez Lozano Luis Gerardo , Salinas Garza Juan Ángel
Published: October 2024

La presente editorial busca mostrar las nuevas visiones en materia procesal en donde los derechos humanos ocupan un lugar muy especial al igual que la argumentación jurídica y la interpretación constitucional con el fin de procurar mejores condiciones de acceso a la justicia en perspectiva de derechos humanos.
¿Inconvencionalidad de la Constitución mexicana? El caso Tzompaxtle Tecpile y otros vs. México
Authors: Uvalle Aguilera Ricardo Alexis
Published: October 2024

El 27 de enero de 2023, la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos notificó al Estado mexicano sobre su responsabilidad internacional en el asunto Tzompaxtle Tecpile y otros vs. México, por la violación a los derechos humanos a la integridad personal, a la libertad personal, a las garantías judiciales, a la vida privada y a la protección judicial reconocidos en la Convención Americana sobre Derechos Humanos.
SELF OR “THE OTHER”: THE FEMALE NARRATIVES IN GIRISH KARNAD’S NAGAMANDALA AND BALI: THE SACRIFICE
Authors: Joshi Manju
Published: October 2024

The paper resolves to study the female characters of Rani and the Queen in the plays of Girish Karnad’s Nagamandala and Bali: The Sacrifice respectively. Regional theatre received a new impetus after independence from the British rule. Karnad’s plays due to their English translations have been well received by the reading public and also been performed at national and international platforms. The paper, seeks to establish, the predicament of domestic women as reflected in the text of plays mentioned. The plays will be analyzed in the intersection of Judith Butler’s concept of “performativity” as enumerated in her book Gender Trouble and Michel Foucault’s precept of the “self” as enumerated in the chapter “Technologies of the Self”. The paper will start drawing its argument from the idea of Judith Butler wherein she states that one’s gender is constructed through one’s own repetitive performance of it. The narrative of the main female characters in the said plays will provide the ground to find out a way to deal with the trouble that lies with “the other”.
GRAPH COLORING ALGORITHM FOR COURSE TIME TABLE SCHEDULING PROBLEM
Authors: Malviya Ayushi , Agrawal Bhawna , Kumar Sanjeet
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this paper is to prepare a course time table by introducing a proposed algorithm based on known heuristic graph coloring algorithms, namely the Welch Powel algorithm and the saturation degree ordering algorithm, which found a better and optimal solution. The proposed algorithm will be used to solve the course time table scheduling problem which is formulated by converting the problem into a graph where subjects will be concede as vertices of graph.
THE RIGHT TO INFORMATION IN ODISHA, INDIA: AN ANALYSIS OF IMPLEMENTATION, IMPACT, AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Acharya Nirlipta , Mahanti Ansuman
Published: October 2024

This research paper analyses the implementation and impact of the Right to Information (RTI) Act, 2005, in Odisha, India. The RTI Act, a fundamental right under Article 19(1)(a) of the Indian Constitution, seeks to promote transparency, accountability, and good governance by empowering citizens to access information held by public authorities. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, analysing responses from Public Information Officers (PIOs), First Appellate Authorities, and RTI applicants through surveys and interviews. It explores the historical and constitutional foundations of the RTI Act, highlighting its role in upholding democratic principles. Findings reveal the RTI Act's crucial role in curbing corruption, improving service delivery, and empowering citizens. However, implementation challenges persist, including delays, denials, and lack of awareness. The research provides a comparative analysis of RTI implementation across government departments in Odisha, uncovering variations in compliance, response time, and information quality. Additionally, the study examines the role of appellate authorities in safeguarding the RTI Act's principles and ensuring timely redressal. It analyses the impact of judicial pronouncements on strengthening implementation and protecting the constitutional right to information. Based on the research findings, recommendations are offered to enhance the RTI Act's effectiveness. These include capacity building for PIOs, streamlined processes, proactive disclosure, and widespread awareness campaigns. The study also emphasizes the need for continuous monitoring and evaluation to ensure the Act's effective implementation and uphold the constitutional guarantee of the right to information. This research contributes to the existing body of knowledge by providing a comprehensive assessment of the RTI Act's implementation and impact in Odisha, while emphasizing its constitutional significance. The insights and recommendations presented can inform policymakers, practitioners, and civil society organizations working towards strengthening transparency, accountability, and good governance in India.
ASSESSING SELENIUM CONTENT IN FOODS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF COOKING METHODS
Authors: Pareek Komal , Jagasia Pooja V.
Published: October 2024

This study aimed to investigate domestic cooking methods, including boiling, steaming, blanching, and microwaving, to determine selenium. All food items were grinded and were further analyzed for suitable cooking methods. It suggests that Steaming is recommended for cooking broccoli, cabbage, and fenugreek. The loss of selenium was less in red cabbage and Garlic after Microwave treatment. Blanching foods, except ginger, suggest major selenium loss.
EVOLUTION OF PUNG IN MANIPURI NATA SANKIRTANA
Authors: Lalitkanta Thounaojam
Published: October 2024

‘Time/Hour’ is Pung to the Meitei and it is Wanglen archaically and also the percussive instrument of rhythm in dance and music is also known as pung. Definitively a Pung is a percussion made of a cylindrical object covering its face end or ends with leather. On the other hand, affixing different sylleptic term to the Pung denotes different types of Pung; e.g. (Tyanyei+Pung) Tanyeipung, (Langte+Pung) Langtepung, etc. However, in present days the term Pung simply denotes only the kind of Pung used in the Manipuri Nata Sankirtana as it is named Nata Sankirtana Pung. This may be reason of the Pung in the Manipuri Nata Sankirtana becoming so popular. The Meities have been using Pung in festivals rituals since earlier day. So the origin of Pung may categorized in two definitive forms as:- (1) Prehistoric, and (2) Historical. In protohistoric or prehistoric days where conventional Pung was not known to be made of, when men used logs for percussion purposed may be termed as the first kind of Pung; e.g. Khong and Howon to the meities. After the event of this type of percussion, Meitei developed Pung using cylindrical wooden log covered in hollow side ends with leather to fasten with cane. Afterward the fastening cane was replaced with leather strips with rings: Chago. Different types of Pung used by the Meiteis in the earlier days are- Lagtepung, Tanyeipung, Khunpung, Laipung, Lanpung, Haraopung and Paujelpung. As per the history, Bhagyachandra Maharaj reascended the throne of Manipur with the help of Ahom King Swargadeva. The king ordered his artisan Hao Chaoba who was a resident of Nungba Village to bring wooden log for making Pung for using in the worship of Lord Krishna. The said man brought a log Wang, a special kind of tree. The log was given to one Lakshman Singh and entrusted to make Pung especially for Nata Sankirtana. Forwarding thus, in 1779 A.D. SriSriGovinda was initiated and installed at Canchipur with five days performance of Ras Dance at the Rasmandal. In the Nipa Pala of that Ras Dance, Maharaja Bhagyachandra himself led the part of playing Pung with Ojha Premananda, where Ngoubram Shai and Dhar Shai participated in the opening Nata Sankirtana respectively as the lead singer and second lead singer. Thus the type of Pung used in the Nata Sankirtana became to be commonly known as Nata Sankirtana Pung, Meitei Pung or simply Pung. Sometime at different places the Meitei Pung is also known as Mridanga. Alongside the Meitei Pung has become to play an important and big role in the day life of a Manipuri Gaudiya Vaishnavas from its birth to death. Likewise consecutive successors after Maharaja Bhagyachandra like- Chourjit, Chandrakirti, etc. also worked to contribute to the development of Meitei Pung by introducing new rhythmic forms of Taals. Further, Meitei Pung has taken big roles in introducing our state Manipur and its peoples in India and abroad after introduction of its stage performances since 1939 A.D.
APRENDIZAGENS DA DOCÊNCIA EM CIÊNCIAS NO DECURSO DA EDUCAÇÃO DE JOVENS, ADULTOS E IDOSOS (EJAI) – ANOS INICIAIS
Authors: VIANA Sirliane da Costa , FRAIHA-MARTINS France
Published: October 2024

Apresenta parte de pesquisa doutoral desenvolvida na formação de professores que ensinam ciências nos anos iniciais da EJAI. O objetivo principal foi identificar que aprendizagens da docência em EJAI, evidenciadas por meio da biografia educativa, são capazes de indicar outros modos de formar professores para o ensino de ciências. Tratou-se de pesquisa narrativa que assumiu a abordagem processual da pesquisa-formação e contou com a participação de professores da EJAI dos anos iniciais. O estudo evidenciou aprendizagens emergidas em processos anteriores à formação inicial desses professores, como suas vivências estudantis, e as aprendizagens tecidas ao longo de suas trajetórias na EJAI.
Pengaruh Unique Products, Store Layout, dan Special Treatment Benefit Terhadap Customer Loyalty Pada Mixue Ice Cream and Tea Kota Mataram
Authors: Farizi Zohdi Al , Dakwah Muh. Mujahid
Published: October 2024

This research aims to find out whether unique products, store layouts, and special treatment benefits affect customer loyalty in Mixue ice cream and tea in the city of Mataram. The research approach used is using quantitative methods. The sampling technique uses a non-probability sampling technique where samples are taken non-randomly with purposive sampling. The number of samples in this research was 100 respondents. The data collection method uses a survey sample, namely the distribution of questionnaires measured using a Likert scale and data analysis using the SPSS application. The results of this research show that the unique product variable has a positive and significant effect on the customer loyalty mix in Mataram City, the store layout variable has a positive and significant effect on the customer loyalty mix in Mataram City, and the Special Treatment Benefits variable also has a positive and significant effect on customers Loyalty Mixue Mataram City. Based on these results, it can be concluded that as a business actor, pay attention to the uniqueness, store layout and special treatment benefits of the products sold in order to attract the interest and attention of consumers make a purchase.
The Development Strategies for the Culinary Industry Typical of the City of Cirebon in the Era of Disruption
Authors: Malau Alfito Martogi , Yana Enceng , Rusdiyana Rusdiyana
Published: October 2024

Cirebon has various types of culinary specialties that are spread in various regions, especially in the city of Cirebon. Cirebon culinary specialties certainly have a strategic contribution to Cirebon itself. The emergence of various culinary industries, both traditional and modern, which are developing at this time, will certainly have an impact on the existence of Cirebon culinary specialties. Various efforts have been made by Cirebon MSME players so that Cirebon culinary specialties can continue to compete. The purpose of this study was to determine the creative industry business development strategy in the disruption era carried out by business actors in Cirebon. This research is a literature study research by reviewing the results of previous research on culinary industry business development strategies in Cirebon City. The results of this literature review are that in developing certain products, attractive labeling and packaging are carried out, marketing online through social networks, making testimonials in the form of videos uploaded on YouTube and marketplaces or online stores. Based on the findings of the literature review that several culinary business development strategies typical of Cirebon, namely (1) Application of the Pentahelix model, (2) Promotion and Marketing through print media, (3) Promotion and Marketing television, (4) Increasing the Competence of Business Actors, (5) Promotion and marketing conventionally, (6) Creation of Culinary Atmosphere, (7) Culinary Artibut, and (8) Serving techniques.
Pengaruh Kualitas Produk dan Persepsi Harga Terhadap Minat Beli Ulang Smartphone Samsung Pada Masyarakat Kota Mataram
Authors: Sasmita Aprilia Ayu , Athar Handry Sudiartha
Published: October 2024

This research aims to determine and analyze the Influence of Product Quality and Price Perception on Interest in Repurchasing Samsung Smartphones in the Mataram City Community. Using a sample of 80 respondents who live in Mataram, this research found that product quality has a positive and significant influence on interest in repurchasing Samsung smartphones and price perception has a positive and significant influence on intention to repurchase Samsung Smartphones. These results indicate that product quality and price perception are effective in increasing interest in repurchasing Samsung Smartphones.