bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ameliorative effect of Azima tetracantha extract on Cadmium induced Hepato-Renal oxidative stress: An in vivo approach
Authors: S. Vasthi Gnana Rani  , K. Hema  , R. Ranganathan  , S. Ananth
Published: November 2022

Cadmium (Cd), an environmental pollutant affects humans through contaminated foodstuffs and industrial processes. Cd accumulates in various organs upon exposure and the primary targets are kidney and liver. Its toxicity induces free radicals, creating oxidative stress, defects in antioxidant mechanism, damage to membrane proteins, DNA damage, necrosis, and apoptosis. In this study hepatoprotective and nephroprotective activity of Azima tetracantha towards Cd-induced toxicity was investigated by in vivo approach. Ultra Violet (UV) spectral and Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) analysis of methanol extract of the Azima tetracantha leaves revealed phenolic compounds. Cadmium Chloride (CdCl2) exposure in Wister Albino rats showed a marked increase in lipid profile, enzymatic antioxidants, and non-enzymatic antioxidants. Co-administration of a methanol extract of Azima tetracantha leaves (500 mg/kg/day) with CdCl2 resulted in the reversal of toxicity effects in the kidney and hepatic cells by maintaining the normal histological architecture. Further, reduced lipid peroxidation and increased antioxidant defense system activity were observed. Hence, the current study suggests that the nephroprotective and hepatoprotective efficacy of Azima tetracantha in Cd-induced toxicity might result from its antioxidant and metal chelating characteristics that might benefit in reaching the best remedy in Cd-induced damage.
Psychogenic pruritus: rapid response with a combination of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and benzodiazepine
Authors: Dr. Amit Beniwal  , Dr. Aman Singh  , Dr. Debalina Biswas  , Dr. Tabish Brar  , Dr. Vivek Pathak  , Dr. Brijesh Saran  , Dr. A.  K. Seth
Published: November 2022

A 45-year-old woman presented to us with generalized pruritus for the last 6 years. The itch was moderate in intensity causing interference with her daily activities and sleep. The pruritus was maximum in the evenings and there was no seasonal variation. It was not associated with any skin lesion. She did not have associated complaints of pain or altered sensation over the affected sites. She was a known case of diabetes mellitus and hypertension for the last 6- years which were moderately controlled with her medications. There was no history of atopy and any other systemic illnesses such as hypothyroidism or chronic liver and kidney diseases. There was a history of significant family stressors before the initiation of these episodes and aggravation of itch was noted with various stressors. The itch did not improve with her medications taken over the years such as antihistamines, antifungals, and antibiotics. Recently, she also started noticing palpitation and sweating associated with these episodes. The intensity of pruritus based on visual analogue scale was 7.
DEPRESSION WITHIN UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS
Authors: Linu K Babu  , Ajit Anandrao Pawar  , Mahadeo Shinde  , Sangeeta S.Patil  , Anjana J
Published: November 2022

Background: Present research study was conducted to identify prevalence of depression among undergraduate nursing students because it will help to prevention and promotion of their mental health that can result in good quality life in view physical, mental and social wellbeing.Objective: Research study was conducted with objective oassess depression among undergraduate nursing students.Methodology: Cross sectional research descriptive design and exploratory approach was used to depression with PHQ9 scale among 100 undergraduate nursing students of Krishna Institute of Nursing Sciences Karad which was selected by non-probability convenient sampling technique. Samples were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Formal ethical permission was received from Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed To Be University Karad. Before collecting the data formal inform and written consent was taken from students to conduct study on them. Data analysis was done with descriptive statistics and inferential statistics.Result: Result of present study reveals that 20% suffering with Minimal depression, 35% suffering with Mild depression, 10% suffering with Moderate depression, 17% suffering with moderately severe depression and 18% suffering with severe depression.Conclusion: Research reveals results that undergraduate aresufferings with Mild depression some planning of some intervention should be done and it should be implement to reduce depression and increase overall performance and health status.
Effect of Citrus Limon (L.), Citrus Aurantium And Citrus Medica On Ethylene Glycol Induced Urolithiasis In Rats
Authors: Yogesh Kumar Sharma  , Umesh Kumar Gilhotra
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Renal stone formation and the predominant chemical stone composition are age and gender dependent. The most common stones are struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate), calcium oxalate, urate, cystine and silica. The most common type of kidney stones worldwide contains calcium. The process of forming stones in the kidney, bladder, and/or urethra (urinary tract) is called as Urolithiasis. Urinary calculi may cause obstruction, hydronephrosis, infection and hemorrhage in the urinary tract system. Citrus species were used in traditional practices as remedies for the urolithiasis have been well established in vivo-vitro test, clinical trial and effective use but are lacking well documented record. Citrus limon (L.) is tree with evergreen leaves and yellow edible fruits from the family Rutaceae. Citrus aurantiumL commonly called as bitter orange. Citrus medica Linn.,commonly known as a Citron in English and bijapura in Ayurvedic literature is shrub or small tree. All three are reported to use in treatment of wide panel of diseases like antiurolithic activity, stomach ache, vomiting antifungal and antibacterialetc. Urolithiasis was introduced by administration of ethylene glycol in rats. Standard drug treated group, the urinary outputs increased significantly. Body weight of all animals measured on day 0, 14 and 28 of calculi induction to assess the effect of treatment on body weight. The collection of urine from rats scheduled to be every seven days from calculi induction. C. aurantinum extract showed significantly increase in urinary output. The collected urine stored in 4ºC. The analysis of calcium, phosphate, magnesium, creatinine, uric acid, protein, urea nitrogen and oxalate recorded.300 mg/kg of combined extract of all three plants show significant result compare to individual plant response.
Assessment of risk factors of inguinal hernia
Authors: Dr.Nishith Patel  , Dr Nitin Nangare  , Dr A Y Kshirsagar
Published: November 2022

Background: Inguinal hernia repair is a commonly performed general surgery procedure in both adults and children with inguinal hernias constituting more than 95% of all groin hernia repairs. The present study was conducted to assess risk factors of inguinal hernia. Materials & Methods: 94 cases of inguinal hernia of both genders were enrolled. Parameters such as the type of hernia, primary or recurrent was noted. Period of swelling, side and risk factors were recorded. Results: Out of 94 patients, males were 60 and females were 34. Side was right in 28, left in 30 and bilateral in 36. Type of hernia was primary in 54 and recurrent in 40. Period of swelling was <1 year in 32, 1-2 years in 40 and >2 years in 22. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Common risk factors for inguinal hernia were COPD in 24, lifting heavy objectsin 88, alcoholism in 26, smoking in 34, diabetes in 30, family history in 11, bowel disturbances in 72 and age >60 yearsin 26. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Common risk factors for inguinal hernia were COPD, lifting heavy objects, age >60 years, alcoholism, smoking, diabetes, family history and bowel disturbances.
Three-Dimensional Morphology of Temporomandibular Joint in Patients with Class I, Class II and Class III Malocclusion: A CBCT Study
Authors: Shabih Fatima  , Rajiv Ahluwalia  , Parvinder Kaur  , Tina Chugh
Published: November 2022

Background: Varying types of malocclusions may have an effect on the morphology and position of the condyle in the glenoid fossa.Aim: This retrospective study aims to evaluate and compare the three-dimensional position and morphology of the condyle in the glenoid fossa in Angle’s Class I, Class II division I, Class II division II and Class III malocclusions using cone-beam computed tomography panoramic reconstructions.Material and Method: Pre-treatment CBCT scans of 40 subjects (17-30 years) with 10 subjects in each of the study groups as per Angle’s malocclusion were obtained. The CBCT images of all subjects were evaluated and compared following parameters, i.e., differences in anterior joint space, posterior joint space, superior joint space, anteroposterior and mediolateral width of the condyle, condylar height, and the vertical distance of the geometric center of the condyle from the mid-sagittal plane.Result: Statistical analysis revealed all parameters were statistically similar for all the malocclusion groups except the anterior and the superior joint space. The latter two parameters were significantly smaller in subjects with class III malocclusion compared to class I (p <0.05).Conclusion: The Anterior joint space and the Superior joint space were statistically significantly larger in the Class I malocclusion group when compared with the Class III malocclusion group. This implies that condyles were more superiorly and anteriorly placed in subjects with class III malocclusion. These differences could be considered during the diagnosis temporomandibular disorders and orthodontic treatment.
AN OVERVIEW ON APPLICATIONS AND DEVELOPMENTS IN EDUCATION ON AGENT BASED ONTOLOGICAL COOPERATIVE LEARNING
Authors: M. Ramadhevi  , Dr. S. Rajaprakash
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we have defined various types of concepts which are applied in the real time classroom environments such as Ontology, Cooperative Learning through an I-MINDS infrastructure which could enable the students to participate actively in virtual mode rather than passive listening to the lectures in a traditional way of teaching and learning environment. In teaching and learning process, I-MINDS plays a major role where it monitors’ the students activities and help the teacher manage and adopt to the class where as in learning environment, it has its applications which helps to measure the knowledge and understanding capability of the students which helps them to interact with other agents to support Cooperative Learning Environment.Mainly,we discuss about the agents involved in the development of learning process of education ,we also discuss about the methodologies and architecture involved in the development of the learning process through ontological Cooperative Environment.
Smart Plant Monitoring System for Plant Fitness Using IoT
Authors: Shilpa Devram Pawar  , Dr. Damala Dayakar Rao
Published: November 2022

Technology has made amazing strides in all regions of lifestyles which includes enterprise and agriculture. Agricultural improvement is vital to our survival. Researchers are looking to comprise current era into agriculture to broaden new techniques to enhance agricultural lifestyles. People in large towns have a difficult time retaining their veggies in exact condition. This article indicates smart IoT based plant fitness tracking system using microcontroller, sensors like soil moisture, Light detecting register. With the assist of Bolt-IoT cloud user may be capable of get statistics approximately plant fitness on their phone App. Users might be capable of higher control their gardens plant fitness and increase with the assist of this system. The basic application is terrace garden where working people can take care of their plants at office time plus get updated information on their Mobile App. The cause of this system is to introduce and enhance the improvement of IoT for cultivating terrace garden in smart towns in our society.
To Discriminate General Election system in Thailand by using K-Means Clustering
Authors: Siriya Phoonokniam  , Dr. Kanchana Kanchanasuntorn  , Dr. Varin Vongmanee
Published: November 2022

Thailand uses the ballot paper in the general election since 1933. In the present day, technology has been involved in daily basics. This study aims to explore the hypothesis of the election system in Thailand which can use the technology in the election process name as electronic voting (e-voting) or still need to use the traditional method. Before implementation, it should study in terms of the area that is ready to implement the new method and where still need to use the current one. This study takes the relevant factors to analyze with the data of each area collected from various sources. The clustering method used in this study is k-means. Then to find the acceptable k cluster the silhouette method is used. The result is 2 cluster is a perfect fit with the 11 factors that used in this study. The first cluster is Bangkok which is the capital city to be matched with the e-voting method and the second cluster is the remainder province in Thailand (76 provinces). This can be used for the next study in terms of supply chain design for e-voting and developing the ballot paper logistics.
To study the low-pressure pneumoperitoneum laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Nevil Nitin Pachani  , Dr. R. G. Naniwadekar  , Nandan Madhwapathy
Published: November 2022

Aim: The aim of this study to determine the low-pressure pneumoperitoneum laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Materials and methods: This research comprised a total of 80 patients who were hospitalised for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. patients undergoing open cholecystectomy after conversion. The research did not include patients with acute inflammation or any other choledocholithiasis or gallstone-related complications. Every patient was asked for written informed permission after being told about the research.Results: The most prevalent presenting symptom (85%) was pain in the right upper quadrant. All of the patients had cholelithiasis confirmed by ultrasonography but no symptoms of inflammation. The majority of the patients (80%) had numerous gallbladder stones. The gallbladder was normal in 40 instances (50%), distended in 24 cases (30%), and constricted in 16 cases (20%) intraoperatively, cholesterosis was present in 10 cases (12.5%), and biliary sludge was found in 16 cases (20%). There were no severe intraoperative complications. There was no conversion to normal pressure laparoscopic cholecystectomy or open cholecystectomy. The average surgical time was 35.85±5.85 minutes. The visual analogue scale pain ratings for postoperative shoulder tip pain were 4.5±0.33, 2.4±0.12, and 0.22±0.04, respectively, at 5, 10, and 24 hours. In 91.25% of the patients, oral feeds were begun on the first postoperative day. On the 0th postoperative day, 95% of the patients were ambulating. The average length of stay after surgery was 1.2±0.51 days. On average 6 months of follow-up, no serious problems were notedConclusion: Experienced surgeons may safely use low-pressure pneumoperitoneum to perform laparoscopic cholecystectomy with a lower risk of early postoperative problems, such as shoulder tip discomfort. Only the lengthier learning curve holds it back from being optimal for general usage; in certain circumstances, its reduced intraoperative impact on hemodynamics makes it a worthwhile alternative.
AN ANLYSIS OF UPCOMMING TRENDS OF ONLINE MARKETING IN CHENNAI CITY
Authors: Maheswari  , Sahila. C
Published: November 2022

The introduction of the internet and smart phones has ushered in a new era of shopping. The word "online marketing " refers to a company model in which products and services are provided directly to consumers through a website, eliminating the need for a middleman. E commerce makes it possible for us to order the items we need from the comfort of our own homes. Customers may choose and choose from a wide range of goods accessible online before placing their order. Customers may pay for the goods using a credit card, a debt cart, e-cash, or an e-wallet. These developments in ecommerce, as well as E-Business possibilities and technological advancements, are discussed in this article. This study focused the opinion of online customers availed benefits in Chennai city.
Bioaccumulation and Eco toxicity of Mercury and Lead in Cyprinus Carpio
Authors: Sherin Mathew  , Sankarganesh P  , Baby Joseph
Published: November 2022

One of the most important scientific disciplines is determining the toxicity of heavy metals in freshwater, and there is a rising concern about the development of methodologies for identifying toxic effects in aquatic creatures. To test the efficacy of this approach, an experimental study was conducted on the fish Cyprinus carpio from a pond in Bengaluru, Karnataka. Surface bioaccumulation of mercury and lead on Cyprinus carpio was studies using Scanning Electron microscopy. Molecular bioaccumulation of Mercury and lead were analysed by ICPMS. Brain showed highest level of mercury (1780 ppb) when compared to kidney (1365 ppb) and liver (1150 ppb) tissues of C. carpio. Similarly, highest accumulation of lead noticed in brain (1490 ppb) followed by kidney (1245 ppb) and liver (1100 ppb). Moreover, mercury and lead surface accumulation and molecular bioaccumulation were highest in the brain compared to the liver and kidney Cyprinus carpio. The surface morphology of kidney, liver and brain is studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This study has elicited a strong response from freshwater aquaculture to implement toxicity control measures and avoid future infiltration into the food chain. The present study has been undertaken to explore the toxic effects of lead and mercury on kidney, liver and brain of fish Cyprinus carpio and to detect the spectral biochemical and surface morphological changes.
Incidence and age distribution of Giardia lamblia infection for sex years in Al-Najaf province in Iraq
Authors: Ali A. Mohy  , Saleem Khteer Al-Hadraawy  , Falah hasan hadi  , Kais Khudhair ALhadrawi  , Ahmed Abduljabbar Jaloob Aljanaby
Published: November 2022

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Giardia lamblia infection in Al-Najaf province, Iraq, based on various risk variables for sex years. From October 2015 to March 2021, samples were collected from suspected patients in the AL-Hakeem hospital and AL-Zahra maternity and paediatrics clinics in AL-Najaf province; stool samples were collected into clean, wide-mouth specimen bottles from suspected patients, and freshly voided stool specimens were processed and examined microscopically for intestinal paralysis. The current investigation found that 44 out of 44 (9.77%) patients were infected after detecting cyst and trophozoite of G. lamblia. The infection rate is proportional to the size of the family. Children from tiny families had the lowest infection rate (18.3%/15/82) and 18.3% (15/82). (4 persons). The infection rate gradually increased as family size grew, reaching 83.3 percent (5/6) in children from big households (12 persons). Based on the chi-square test, it was discovered that family size is non-significantly (P > 0.05) connected with pinworm infection.
APICAL SEALING ABILITY OF GUTTA PERCHA AND C-POINT WITH DIFFERENT SEALERS- AN EX-VIVO
Authors: SINGH SAUMYA  , GIRI SUMITA
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND- An apical seal is one which forms a barrier between the root canal and periapex. A three-dimesional seal is created by use of Gutta Percha and an endodontic sealer, which will fill the discrepancies between the core material and dentinal walls. Since years Gutta Percha has played a versatile role in root canal obturation; but newer materials have been introduced to overcome the hydrophobic nature of it. One such material is C-Point, a premade obturation point, which absorbs residual moisture (hydrophilic nature) from the canals and expands laterally to conform to canal complexities.MATERIALS AND METHOD- Fifteen freshly extracted mandibular incisors were prepared with Protaper Universal rotary files, and obturated by dividing into three groups of 5 teeth each. Group I- Gutta-percha & AH-Plus, Group II, Gutta-percha & Nanoseal S, and Group III C-point & BioRoot RCS. After coating the teeth with nail polish except the apical 2 mm, they were suspended in methylene blue dye for 12 hour. They were then sectioned longitudinally and observed under stereomicroscope for the linear dye penetration. All the groups were compared by using ONE WAY ANOVA.RESULTS- One way ANOVA showed Group I with minimum microleakage (Mean ± SD) of 3.29±1.32 μm, followed by Group II 4.25±1.83 μm and Group III with maximum micro-leakage 5.53±1.72 μm.CONCLUSION- Gutta percha when used with AH-Plus showed better sealing ability as compared to Gutta Percha and Nanoseal S. The newer material, C-Point with BioRoot RCS showed the least sealing ability.
Glucocorticoids Misuse among Premenopausal Women in Southern Iraq
Authors: Asia Hameed Saddam  , Majid Abdulwahab Maatook  , Mahmood Thamer Altemimi
Published: November 2022

Background: The non-prescription usage of these medications is high because of their spectacular response and various available formulations, despite the fact that they have several negative effects.GCs misuse is an important problem that has been inadequately addressed in Iraq. The purpose of female misuse of GCs is to become beautiful, plump, and seductive (fat body, which is culturally acceptable in some communities) through weight gain or marriage. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the causes of GCs misuse among reproductive women in the South of Iraq.Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted on 251 reproductive-aged women who were misusing GCs for any cause and attending Thi-Qar Specialized Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolism Center (TDEMC). They were evaluated for demographic characteristics, medical and social histories, and then examined carefully for any signs of GCs misuse.Results: The mean ages of women were 33.21±8.6 years, BMI 30.68±7.3 Kg/m², and 208 (82.9%) women were either overweight or obese. The 251 subjects misuse glucocorticoids most were married: 195 (77.7%); of medium social class: 142 (56.6%); lived in the city center: 198 (78.9%).Two hundred and one (80.1%) patients obtained the drug from the pharmacy and 18 (7.2%) from street vendors.Nearly all women had many features of GCs-induced adverse effects, weight gain was the highest side effect in 234 (93.2%) patients, and there were many misconceptions about their safety as 41.8% thought that using GCs was safe, and 45.8% did not feel guilty about using those medications.About 90 of them (35.9%) were still misusing drugs during the time of the meeting, 53 (21.1%) reported that physicians recommended them at the first time for using glucocorticoids and the majority 198 (78.9%) were misusing GCs by themselves, friends, or first-degree family to become beautiful or marry.Conclusions: This study showed high misuse of GCs among females in The-Qar, Iraq. The relatively high rate of misuse of these drugs can be attributed to a lack of awareness of their chronic adverse effects, their widespread availability at pharmacies, plus their dramatic and quick response. Therefore, educational programs have to be implemented to inform the public about the adverse effects of GCs and the problems of misuse of drugs.
METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR THE DETERMINATION OF ELEMENTAL IMPURITIES IN MEDROXYPROGESTERONE TABLETS 10mg BY INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA MASS SPECTROMETRY
Authors: Jerri P Venkata Krishna  , S. Rajasekaran
Published: November 2022

The analytical method development and validation of Medroxyprogesterone tablets 10mg summarizes the outcome of the results for content of Cadmium, Lead, Arsenic, Mercury, and Lithium in by ICP-MS1. The test sample was prepared with microwave assisted acid digestion and introduced into optimized instrumental parameters for use of a quadruple based Agilent 7700 inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry instrument. This method development and validation by ICP-MS to prove that it is Specific, Precise, Accurate, Linear, Robust, Reproducible and Capable of producing reliable results.
The Role of the Let-7 microRNA Family as Biomarker Prognostic Indicator Against Breast Cancer
Authors: Ahmed Khidher Hamza AL-Aflwky  , Orass Madhi Shaheed
Published: November 2022

Breast Cancer is considering the most common cancer in Iraq and the major cause of cancer related deaths among women Iraqi Cancer Registry and Ministry of Health, Republic of Iraq, and also Among women in Iraq, breast cancer is the most frequent type of cancer. Material AND Methods: This study was designed to focus on microRNAs expression in breast cancer, by Measuring the levels of circulating microRNAs in all samples by determining the fold expression of the detected microRNAs by RT qPCR. The study, involved 49 specimens were collected from the point of view of patients, particularly women with breast cancer, and blood samples were fully taken, in addition to taking samples in the same way as combining those healthy women (control group) 40 samples, and the work of extracting the RNA in the method of extracting the organic Chloroform of samples of the full blood of all samples in EDTA tubes. The study includes take information’s patient (age, city, history, and to adding information from histopathology examination). The results were referred to increase in gene expression to miRNA Iet-7 family (type b) in patient samples (BC females) compared with control group (healthy women) by q-RT-PCR also measured IL-8 levels by ELISA technique and the results were referred to raise in IL-8 levels of BC females for serum samples compared with control group (healthy women). The cut off value for miR-let-7 was > 11.18-fold change with low sensitivity (58.5 %), high specificity (97.5 %) and good accuracy (81.8 %). Therefore, can be used MiRNA Let-7 as biomarker predictors of diagnosis of breast cancer. Conclusion: The current study was concluded, significant over productions of all investigated parameters referred to increase in levels micro-RNA let-7 family (let-7 type-b) seems to have potential role in breast prognosis of cancer progression when compared with healthy people. This study has found that all the investigated parameters were associated with moderate to high grade carcinoma.
A study to evaluate the effectiveness of behaviour change communication on knowledge and practice Regarding prevention of stroke among early detected hypertensive patients attending OPD’s at Tertiary care hospital, Dharwad
Authors: Kotapuri. Prathyusha  , Renuka Bagewadi  , Rangappa.S. Ashi  , David. A. kola
Published: November 2022

Background of the study: Stroke is the second major leading cause of mortality worldwide. It is one of the public health concerns. The incidence of stroke in general population is 154 per 1,00,000 in India. 12% of strokes occur in above 40 years. 34% of strokes occur in people younger than 65years old. The most effective way to reduce the morbidity and mortality in stroke is prevention by teaching.OBJECTIVES: 1. To assess the existing knowledge and practice of early detected hypertensive patients regarding prevention of stroke.2. To evaluate the effectiveness of BCC regarding prevention of stroke.3. To find the association between pre-test knowledge and practice scores with selected socio-demographic variables.Methods: Conceptual framework of the study , an Integrative Model of Behaviour Prediction Fishbein. M. & Yzer. MC. (2003) was applied to Pre-experimental one group pre-test and post-test research design using Non probability purposive sampling technique 40 early detected hypertension patients were selected. Pre-test was conducted using structured knowledge questionnaire and practice checklist followed by intervention (BCC) session on maintenance of positive health. On 7th day post-test was conducted using the same tool. Results were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. RESULTS: In the post-test majority 35(87.5%) had adequate knowledge and 2(5%) moderate knowledge while in the pre-test 25(62.5%) had inadequate knowledge and 10 (25%) had moderate knowledge. Depicted that majority 20(50%) had poor practice in pre-test where as in post-test 31(77.5%) had practice towards maintenance of positive health. Therefore these results proved the effectiveness of BCC on improving knowledge and practice in prevention of stroke. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: The study concludes that, there was significant increase in Knowledge and practice in maintenance of positive health. Hence, BCC is proved to be effective in bringing the change.
Alginate based Nanoparticles and Its Application in Drug Delivery Systems
Authors: Suruchi Singh  , Harsh Rastogi  , Varsha Singh  , Raghav Dixit  , Taniya Gupta  , Meenakshi Tyagi
Published: November 2022

Nanoparticulate systems made of biopolymers encompass promising properties as carriers and adjuvant for drug delivery. Alginate is one of the most widely investigated biomaterials in the field of nanoparticulate drug delivery due to its biodegradability, biocompatibility, and bioadhesivity. Alginate nanoparticles for drug delivery can be prepared through spray drying, ionic gelation, emulsification, covalent cross-linking, polyelectrolyte complexation, self-assembling, etc. Alginate is an extensively utilized biopolymer in multiple applications due to its gelling property and chemical structure with hydroxyl and carboxylate moieties. The biocompatibility, biodegradability of alginate, and solubility in water have broadened up research perspectives in material, and biomedical sciences. Study of alginate-based nanoparticles, nanoaggregates, and nanofibers initiated recently. In the present review, the physicochemical properties of alginate, which enabled its use as a pharmaceutical excipient and as nanocarriers in drug delivery, have been reviewed. A special insight has been given on the modern advances of alginate nanoparticles in drug delivery and drug targeting applications. Besides this, limitations of alginate as nanocarriers in drug delivery and the future perspectives on how to augment utilization in the pharmaceutical nanotechnology have also been reviewed.
MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF BIOSURFACTANT PRODUCING ISOLATE STREPTOMYCES CELLULOSAE VAR. PD66
Authors: Nalini Panatula  , Girijasankar Guntuku  , Naresh Dasari  , Jyoshna Guntuboina  , Akkamma Mude
Published: November 2022

In the present study, the actinomycetes isolate named as PD66 (Streptomyces cellulosae var.) was screened and identified based on 16S rRNA nucleotide sequence and phylogenetic evolutionary relationship with other strains by National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (NCIM), Pune. Biosurfactant production by the isolate PD66 was carried out using Kim’s medium with 3% olive oil as a carbon source and incubated at 27ºC for 7 days on rotary shaker at 150rpm. After 7 days, the contents of the flask were centrifuged and collected the cell free supernatant for performing the preliminary tests like oil displacement, para film-m test for confirmation of biosurfactant production, these two tests were given positive results for biosurfactant production obtained from the selected isolate PD66. Lipase activity was also checked and confirmed the extra cellular lipase enzyme release during the growth of isolate PD66 using tributyrine agar medium. Surface tension and emulsification index were also measured for evaluation of biosurfactant present in cell free supernatant broth using SLS (Sodium lauryl sulphate) as a standard. Determination of extracellular antibacterial activity of biosurfactant samples was determined for every 24hrs upto 10days using cell free supernatant by agar diffusion method. Selected isolate PD66 has showed antibacterial activity against E.coil and Staphylococcus aureus. After extraction of cell free supernatant with ethylacetate, the resultant crude extract was tested for identification of bioactive metabolite by TLC method and Bioautography technique.
The Effects of Inpatients’ Privacy on Satisfaction
Authors: Saadet KARAKUŞ  , Fatma KANTAŞ YILMAZ
Published: November 2022

Purpose: This study investigates the effects of inpatients’ privacy on their satisfaction in a training and research hospital.Methods: This cross-sectional study was designed as quantitative research using a survey method. The questionnaire was administered to 222 participants ((F=114, M=108) in a training and research hospital in Istanbul using convenience sampling. The questionnaire consisted of three parts: a socio-demographic form, the Inpatient Satisfaction Questionnaire (ISQ), and the Patient Privacy Inventory (PPI). Confirmatory factor analyses and measurement models were applied to the Inpatient Satisfaction Questionnaire and the Patient Privacy Inventory. Cronbach’s Alpha, Mean Average Variance Extracted (AVE), Composite Reliability (CR) values, reliability, convergent and discriminant validity analyzes were performed before model testing. The research model examined the analysis using latent variables for the PPI scale sub-dimensions and the ISQ sub-dimensions.Results: The care given to patient privacy explains patient satisfaction at a rate of 50%. The respect for patients’ physical confidentiality, the knowledge about patients’ privacy, and patients’ medical confidentiality accounted for 48.65% of the physical environment, 55.43% of the physician-patient relationship, 45.55% of the patient care, and 56.38% of hospitalization and treatment process subdimensions.Conclusions: The current study examines inpatients in a training and research hospital in Istanbul, bringing us to the conclusion that taking care of patient privacy leads to patient satisfaction. Paying attention to the patients’ privacy influences patient satisfaction as high as 50%.
Acute Effects of Self-Myofascial Release Through Foam Roller and Static Stretching Methods on Vertical Jump Performance of Taekwondo Players
Authors: Mehmet Akarsu  , Cihad Onur Kurhan  , İsmail İlbak  , Recep Altuntop  , Mesut Gönc  , Stefan Stojanović  , Tijana Purenovic-Ivanović
Published: November 2022

The objective of this research is to examine the acute effects of self-myofascial release through foam roller and static stretching methods on the vertical jump performance of taekwondo players. In this cross-sectional study, a randomized controlled experimental method, one of the quantitative research models, was used. 21 taekwondo players participated in this research voluntarily. The mean age of the participants was 15.95±,865; the mean height was 172.90±3,846 and the mean body weight was 61,86±5,379. On the first day of the study, low-paced jogging was performed for 5 minutes at a heart rate of 120 (RS V800) and then their vertical jump performance was measured. On the second day of the research, low-paced jogging was performed for 5 minutes, and then a static stretching protocol was applied to taekwondo players, and then their vertical jump performance was measured. On the third day of the research, low-paced jogging was performed for 5 minutes and then self-myofascial release through foam roller protocol was applied to taekwondo players and then their vertical jump performances were measured. As a result of the research, it was determined that there was no statistical difference between 5 minutes of jogging at a slow pace and static stretching. However, it was determined that there were statistically significant differences both between 5 minutes of jogging at a slow pace and self-myofascial release and between static stretching and self-myofascial release (p<0.05). In conclusion, it can be said that self-myofascial release through foam roller exercises can affect vertical jump performance positively and at an acute level.
Enabling Education of Children with Visual Impairment in Schools through Assistive Technology
Authors: Arti Batra Chanana  , Neetu Mishra Shukla  , PVM Rao
Published: November 2022

Technology has emerged as a revolution in all walks of life. It has contributed significantly in empowering the disabled human race and help them overcome previously insurmountable barriers which led to their seclusion and ignorance.Assistive technology in particular has helped the students with low vision and blindness in accessing the curriculum.Technology should be considered as one of the important components of teaching learning material in an inclusive setup. Teachers need to make use of Assistive Technology to promote inclusion and meet the varied requirements needs of the students in the same class.A variety of Assistive Technology (AT) devices are available that can help teachers facilitate the process of curriculum transaction in the classroom and bridge the educational needs of students with disabilities. Research has proven evidences that technology has a significant impact on learning of the students in the areas of STEM and language learning as well particularly in reading and writing.This paper discusses the various assistive technologies which can be utilized for promoting inclusion and leveling the playfield of students with blindness in particular.It is the responsibility of the teacher to integrate the student with visual impairment as much as possible with all the relevant adoptions as could be and transact the curriculum to her/him effectively. To do this, the teachers must first be aware of what all adoptions and technologies exist and how they could be utilized in the classroom for effective delivery of the lessons and mainstreaming the children with visual impairment.
A study on the Rural Tourism and Sustainable Development of Rural Area Baramula District of Jammu and Kashmir
Authors: Aamir Fayaz Wani  , P. Balamurgan
Published: November 2022

To understand the economic impact of tourism in the J&K state, present paper tries to examine various parameters of economic development such as tourist inflow, employment generation, State Gross Domestic Product, development of infrastructure and regional development.Methods/Statistical analysis: The study is based on secondary data. Data has been collected from various sources like Ministry of Tourism Government of India, Jammu and Kashmir Tourism Development Corporation and Directorate of Tourism, Annual Economic survey of J&K, United Nations World Tourism Organization, World Travel and Tourism Council and other published research papers and official reports.Findings: We found apart from agriculture sector, tourism sector is the most popular source of income and employment generation for the J&K state economy. The Year 2011 has made history in terms of surpassing all previous records of tourists and pilgrim arrivals in the state. Our analysis shows that except in 2008-09 when there was greater political instability in the state, the revenue earned from Director Tourism Kashmir/Jammu has shown a continuous increasing trend and has increased around three fold from 2006-07 (Rs. 32.25 Lakh) to 2011-12 (Rs 93.3 lakh). Further the analysis of our data shows that there is a positive impact of tourist inflow on employment i.e. with the increase in tourist inflow, total employment also rises.
Comparative Evaluation of Anorganic Bovine Bone Matrix (ABBM) with or without Platelet Rich Fibrin intreatment of Intrabony Defects:A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Deepali Singhal  , Shweta Bali  , Priyanka Aggarwal  , Aruna Nautiyal  , Kirti Pal
Published: November 2022

Background: Risk of alveolar bone loss & tooth loss increases with the presence of intrabony defects. Anoraganic bovine bone mineral (ABBM) is being used in treatment of intrabony defects.Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is an autologous concentrate thathas an important role inpromoting soft and hard tissue healing.This study was done to compare and evaluate the healing of intra-bony defects treated with a combination of ABBM-PRF or ABBM alone.Method: Twelve patients (24 sites) with intrabony defects were selected and divided randomly in 2 groups. Subjects in Group A (Control group ) were treated with ABBM alone & subjects in Group B (test Group ) were treated with ABBM + PRF.Clinical parameters such as PPD(Probing pocket depth), CAL(Clinical attachment level), PI(plaque index), GI(gingival index), WHI(Wound healing index), VBL(Vertical Bone Level)& DD(Defect depth) at baseline, 3 and 6 months using acrylic stent.Result: Significant gain in PPD& CAL( 3.92± 0.67 to 2.00± 0.74) was seen from baseline to 6 months in test group ( p<0.001) as compared to control group.Also vertical bone level wasincreased in test groupi.e from 3.50 ± 0.52 to 3.00± 0.43 (p<0.001) post – operative when compared to control group at 6 months.Conclusion: The addition of PRF to ABBM can augment regeneration and can lead to enhancement of CAL gain.
A COMPARATIVE SPLIT MOUTH STUDY TO EVALUATE THE ANALGESIC EFFICACY OF “DICLOFENAC TRANSDERMAL PATCH” AND “DICLOFENAC INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTION” IN THE IMMEDIATE POST OPERATIVE PERIOD IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING IMPACTED MANDIBULAR THIRD MOLAR REMOVAL
Authors: Mayank Singhal  , Manoj Goyal  , VarkhaTonger  , Pratibha Kaushik  , Sanjeev Tomar  , Amit B Lall
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Successful surgical treatment is based on correct surgical techniques and the prevention and management of postoperative pain and complications. For postoperative analgesia, multimodal combinations are prescribed nowadays. Aim: The present study aims to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of diclofenac trans-dermal patch and diclofenac intramuscular injection in immediate post-operative patients after extraction of impacted mandibular 3rd molar and the objective is to evaluate the side effects associated with both the modalities and to compare the analgesic efficacy of two modalities. Material and Methods: In this study, eighty bilaterally impacted third molars were selected. The study drugs (trans-dermal Diclofenac patch and Diclofenac intramuscular injection) were divided into two groups Group A (40 cases) and Group B (40 cases). Post-operative self-evaluation by the patient for pain was done. It was recorded at intervals of 2 hours, 8 hours, 16 hours, 24 hours, 2nd day and3rd day using the Visual Analogue Scale.Results and Discussion: Statistically significant higher pain score observed among group B at 8 hours (Mean rank = 28.20; p= 0.001), 16 hours (Mean rank= 30.25; p= 0.001), 24 hours (Mean rank=30.50; p= 0.001), 2 days (Mean rank= 27.05; p= 0.001) and 3rd day (Mean rank= 26.50; p= 0.001) respectively after extraction when compared with group A.Conclusion: Transdermal diclofenac patch is an effective, non-invasive, and cost-effective way of managing post-operative pain and can be used as a modality to control pain in an immediate post-operative period.
Antimicrobial Resistance: Mechanisms, Screening Techniques and Biosensors
Authors: Vandana Singh  , Ekta Kasana  , Jyoti Batra  , Harsh Sable  , Rahul Saxena
Published: November 2022

Antimicrobial resistance is one of the greatest dangers to public health on a worldwide scale. Even though the evolution of resistant microbes is a naturally occurring phenomenon, the excessive or improper use of antimicrobial agents has significantly impacted resistance evolution. Effective treatment techniques can be guided by rapid diagnostic tests of these resistance to detect drug-resistant microorganisms quickly, assess antimicrobial susceptibility, and bacterial infections from differentiate viral. In addition, quick diagnostic test could assist epidemiological surveillance by monitoring developing resistance to pathogenic pathogens and their transmission. Methods for AMR detection, and surveillance, includes Microscopy, PCR, DNA microarray, matrix-assisted laser desorption,Pyrosequencing, NAAT, whole genome sequencing, Immuno detection, spectroscopy, FTIR, Biosensor, and microfluidics technology. The AMR turmoil necessitates a concerted effort from researchers to improve the current approaches for treatment and diagnosis by developing novel techniques that circumvent the limitations and drawbacks of the best alternatives and conventional AST methods. This review mainly summarizes the different emerging diagnostic techniques used to detect antibiotic resistance and the mechanism of drug resistance. These emerging diagnostic strategies might improve medication development strategies and the surveillance of resistance evolution.
The Medicinal Functionality of Quinazolines
Authors: Chandra Mohan  , Jenifer Robinson  , Sarla Kumari  , Babita  , Rahul Saxena  , Jyoti Batra
Published: November 2022

Quinazolines are organic compounds that are made up of two fused six-membered rings–benzene ring and pyrimidine ring. Referring to the various positions of N atoms in the cyclic ring, many other isomeric forms play a vital role in biological activities. There view article describes the main functional groups that are present in Quinazolines which are responsible for medicinal, antimicrobial, antiviral, antibacterial andanticancer actions. This review focuses on the properties of these functional groups responsible for various biological activities of Quinazolines. The heterocyclic ring structures are mainly responsible for the pharmacological effects of quinazolines. The presence of benzyl-, halo-, methoxy and amino derivatives has many anticancer, antimicrobial and antimalarial properties. The article aims to review the medicinal functionality of Quinazolines.
Is Reversal of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Possible? An Approach to Mitigate
Authors: Rahul Saxena  , Jyoti Batra  , Mani Kumar Sharma  , Suyash Saxena  , Ajit Pal Singh
Published: November 2022

Diabetes mellitus defined as progressive and irreversible disease characterized by hyperglycaemia. It falls under top 5 cause of death and can led to series of diseases affecting vital organs. Type 1 diabetes is heredity disorder which leads to insufficiency of insulin in the blood. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is lifestyle dependent and occurs in later stages of life due to overweight. Excessive fat deposition in liver and pancreas leads to desensitization of receptors for insulin which leads to rise in blood glucose level. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is now known to be reversible with loss in body weight. Three methods of losing body weight are bariatric surgery, calorie restricted diet and carbohydrate restricted diet. All these methods help in reducing body fat which increases the insulin sensitivity and reduces blood glucose. Out of the three methods, carbohydrate restricted diet is proven to be most efficient.