bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Polynucleotide Sequences for Fuzzy Genomes: A Juxtaposition of Two Fuzzy Approaches
Authors: Nazirah Roslan Teh Raihana , Md Noorani Mohd Salmi
Published: February 2019

The Human Genome Project is the resplendence of the bioinformatics field, especially in health and medicine. It involves research regarding complete nucleotide sequences of the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in human’s chromosome. The primary structure of DNA and ribonucleic acid (RNA) consist of nucleotide construction which became polynucleotide when combined. In reality, genetic research field requires huge biological data, and most of the data are vague with various characteristics. Most of them are incomplete and complex from evolutional, functional, adaptability and other traits. The theory of fuzzy sets and fuzzy logic offers modelling methods in uncertainties and various computational techniques for decision making. This research aims to find similarity, difference, equality and identity between polynucleotide sequences using the concept of fuzzy metric space and fuzzy set theory. The Sadegh-Zadeh fuzzy polynucleotide space (RSZ) is being compared with the Torres and Nieto fuzzy polynucleotide space (RTN) in search of the best approach to analyse polynucleotide sequences. Research methods involve data collection of complete genome sequences for homologous species pairs, construction of the RSZ and RTN models, and data analysis. Outputs from RSZ and RTN are then compared with outputs from the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) for validation purposes from the bioinformatics field. Results show that outputs from both approaches are against each other, and RTN executes outputs that are nearest to the outputs from BLAST. Thus, RTN is the best fuzzy approach to compare complete genome sequences for species pairs.
Employment Benefits of Academics in Malaysian Universities
Authors: Abdul-Rahman Rohana , Yaacob Nurli , Laili Yeon Asmah
Published: February 2019

Academics employed in either public or private university in Malaysia may be subject to different contract of service and scheme of employment. Due to this variance, academics receive different employment benefits. Such variation can also create differences and imbalance between universities in the context of workloads assigned to academics in both types of universities. Thus, objective of this article is to analyze employment benefits (pecuniary and non-pecuniary) of academics in Malaysian universities and their satisfaction with the employment benefits that they receive. This article employs a mixed method approach i.e. qualitative and quantitative. For quantitative approach, a survey was conducted among academic staffs in Malaysian public and private universities. Qualitative approach by way of interviews were conducted among management of selected universities. The results show that all academic staff in public and private universities in Malaysia received pecuniary and non-pecuniary benefits. For public universities these benefits are mostly standardized. However, pecuniary and non-pecuniary benefits for academics in private universities are different from public universities and between themselves. The job specification which involves teaching, supervision, research, consultation and administrative works as found in the KPIs of all academics are not similar. It is recommended that to strike a balance between benefits (pecuniary and non-pecuniary) and workloads received by academics, the workloads of academics should be designed to have a particular focus on specification of work such as research and supervision, teaching and administration tracks. Therefore, this article suggests that the relevant authorities consider a new remuneration scheme and benefits based on tracks and yearly staff performance achievement for academics in Malaysia.
Internationalization of Malaysian Service Smes: The Leveraging Role of Network Capital and the Internet-Enabled Business Environment
Authors: Khar Kheng Yeoh , B. Mohd Jani Mohamad Yusop , B. Yusof Mohd Sufli
Published: February 2019

Realizing the economic importance of SMEs in the context of service-related industry, Malaysian government’s commitment for service SMEs were reinforced especially in the internationalization of service SME in Malaysia; post GATS (General Agreement on Trade in Services) & AFAS (Asean Framework Agreement on Services Agreement). One of the liberalization preparation is to explore market access opportunities abroad through partnerships. Generally, this research is to establish the relationship of network capital determinants namely access to resources and knowledge, access to market opportunites and collaboration that can accelerate the degree of internationalization of service SMEs in Malaysia. It also seeks to establish that the network capital moderated by the Internet-enabled environment will accelerate the internationalization of service SMEs. A cross-sectional design was deployed together with survey method of data collection and systematic random sampling technique were utilized. The population of this study is 1,500 export-ready SMEs in the Malaysia`s service sector and was obtained from the SME business directory. The study postulated and tested 7 hypotheses. Based on the outcome, all the direct hypotheses, namely; H1, H2, H3 and H4 were supported. Based on the results, all the independent variables have t-value ≥ 1.645, significant at 0.05. Specifically, access to resources and knowledge (β = 0.477, p˂ 0.01), access to market opportunities (β = 0.241, p˂ 0.01), business collaboration (β = 0.148, p˂ 0.01) and internet-enabled environment (β = 0.159, p˂ 0.01) have positive influence on the degree of internationalization. Thus, H1, H2, H3 and H4 are supported. Access to resources and knowledge has the largest effect in producing the R2 for the degree of internationalization. While, the effect of other 2 predicting variables namely; access to market opportunities and business collaboration, as well as the moderating variable, internet-enabled environment is small in producing the R2 for the degree of internationalization.
Patterns in Elderly Care: A study Conducted in Kedah
Authors: Abu Bakar Md Zawawi , Akmal Ismail Nur Syakiran
Published: February 2019

Malaysia is estimated to become an “aging society” country by 2030 due to the increase in the number of senior citizens in the country. This is expected to lead to issues relevant to the welfare of the elderly when there is an outflow of guardians to the urban cities. Thus, this study was conducted to explain the pattern of caring for the elderly among their guardians. This qualitative study was conducted in Yan, Kedah, involving 26 respondents among the elderly. Face-to-face interviews have been conducted by researchers using semi-structured interview forms related to demographics and elderly care patterns. Moreover, a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) has also been conducted with the subjects to find out more about the issues being studied. The data obtained has been analyzed descriptively and thematically to answer the research questions. The results showed that there has been migrations of the elderly’s guardians from rural areas to urban areas. Most respondents live with their spouse or alone in the village because of their guardian’s job commitments. The results also demonstrated that respondents chose to live in their own homes rather than their children’s homes. The study also suggested that authorities need to provide social support for the elderly who live in rural areas, especially to care for the welfare of these groups.
The Challenges of Maintaining and Managing High Rise Buildings: Commercial Vs Residential Buildings
Authors: Khalid M. S. , Ahmad A. H. , Sakdan M. F.
Published: February 2019

The issues of maintaining and managing high-rise buildings in Malaysia have been a matter for discussionfor a long time. This has led to significant amendments of the rules and regulations that have governed the stratified buildings in Malaysia. Now, the Strata Management Act 2013 (Strata Management Act 2013 Act 757), which came into force on June 1, 2015, is the main reference document that outlines the roles and responsibilities of the COB and JMB in the maintenance and management of high rise/stratified buildings. Act 757 recognised the formation of two main entities in terms of managing and maintaining the stratified buildings; these are the Commissioner of Building (COB) and the Joint Management Building (JMB) before the formation of the Management Corporation (MC). For the purposes of this article, the study focused solely on the MC of the commercial buildings perspective in Jitra, Kedah Malaysia because that particular building was only the commercial building to have been established by the MC. The Act 757 clearly stipulated specific duties and powers for the JMB/MC in terms of managing and maintaining the sub-divided stratified buildings, without mentioning whether that high-rise properties were residential or commercial. Therefore, this study aims to identify the challenges of maintaining and managing high-rise commercial buildings compared with the residential buildings from the perspective of the MC. The data were collected using the face-to-face interview method in order to glean in-depth information, which is in line with the qualitative approach. The respondent of this study was the Chairman of the MC of the commercial buildings in Jitra, Kedah Malaysia which was selected as a case study. The finding showed that, compared with the JMBS/MCs of residential buildings, the MCs of the commercial buildings were required to perform extra tasks such as tenancy management, marketing strategy and prolonging the investment sustainability. Failure to perform those particular tasks may jeopardise the business sustainability of the particular buildings.
Learning Approaches and Academic Performance
Authors: Soffi Puteh Mohd , Abdul Latif Nurul Ezhawati , Mansor Nooriha , Hamid Yusnaliza , Halid Sunarti , Ghazali Zulkifli
Published: February 2019

Since Graduate on Time (GOT) being introduced as one of their key performance indicators (KPIs), certain higher education institutions are facing with situation where students are unable to complete their studies within the specified time frame. Various learning approaches have been adopted by educators in their effort to enhance students’ examination results so as to assist them to graduate on time. Studies by Tan and Laswad (2015) and Davidson (2002) have proven that learning approaches do significantly give an impact to academic performances, while Djajadikerta et al. (2008) and Chan (2011) have shown otherwise. Hence, this study is performed in order to provide further evidences concerning learning approaches and their impact onto students’ academic performance, i.e. their examination grades. Using Biggs’ (1987a) Study Process Questionnaire, 208 completed questionnaires are obtained from final semester students of Diploma in Accountancy from Faculty of Accountancy, UiTM Perak Branch, Tapah Campus. Data pertaining to their previous semesters’ grades are obtained from the online academic system and analyses are performed using SPSS. The result reveals a significant positive relationship between learning approaches and Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA), and it has definitely add credence to the body of knowledge pertaining this matter.
Preserving and Conserving Malay Royal Towns Identity in Malaysia
Authors: Mohmad Shukri Sharyzee , Manteghi Golnoosh , Wahab Mohammad Hussaini , Che Amat Rohayah , Hick Ming Wong
Published: February 2019

Malay Royal towns in Malaysia are the best evolution examples of Malay towns dating from the 16th century which have a strong related history of old Malay Kingdom that are worthy of preservation. This paper aims to discover the significance of the royal towns so as to ensure its preservation. This research managed to identify the townscape characteristics that shaped the identity of Malay Royal towns in Malaysia. Based on the historical and physical evidences that are still exist, five (5) royal towns that gazated will be selected as study area namely; Anak Bukit (Alor Setar), Klang, Sri Menanti, Kuala Terengganu and Kota Bharu. This study utilized a series of qualitative approaches that included literature reviews of scholarly articles, historical map overlay, semi-structured interviews and site observations. The findings from this research expose that Malay Royal towns have a great significant in the development of Malay towns in Malaysia. These towns also reveal a few of townscape characteristics that are associate as an urban heritage, rich with identity, cultural and architectural significance. The paper concludes that a conventional conservation approach it seems insufficient to preserve and maintain the whole ideas of a Malay Royal town identity. A new comprehensive method of preservation and conservation will be generate in order to sustain the identity of the Malay Royal towns that represents the local and national identity.
A young woman presenting a kikuchi-fujimoto’s disease associated with induced lupus
Authors: Kalmi Galith
Published: February 2019

Introduction: Kikuchi-Fujimoto’s disease (KFD) or histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis is a benign and self-limited disease of unknown etiology mainly affecting young women. Although the association with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is well described, no case of drug-induced lupus erythematosus (DILE) associated KFD has not been reported so far. Case report: We herein report a 25-year old Caucasian woman, with no medical history and no medication except for oral estrogen-progestin contraception (levonorgestrel-ethinylestradiol), who presented with cervical lymphadenopathy, fever and arthralgia without weight loss, night sweats or skin involvement. An exhaustive infectious disease screening was negative and lymph node biopsy revealed histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis suggesting KFD. Autoimmune screening tests evidenced high titers of anti-histone antibodies suggesting DILE induced by estrogen-progestin medication. The patient received a short course of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory treatment for painful lymphadenitis and arthralgia. Oral levonorgestrel-ethinylestradiol contraceptive medication was stopped and KFD and DILE completely recovered with a long-term disappearance of anti-histone antibodies. Conclusion: We report the first case of KFD associated-DILE following oral levonorgestrel-ethinylestradiol medication. Even though levonorgestrel-ethinylestradiol induced lupus is well known, the association with KFD has never been reported and the physiopathology remained unknown. Keywords: Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease, Lupus, Levonorgestrel-ethinylestradiol
Commitment of Political Communication in the Mayor of Banda Aceh
Authors: Nasution Hasyimsyah , Yusnadi Yusnadi , Zahari Zahari
Published: February 2019

Development planning in the city of Banda Aceh is still experiencing various problems and shortcomings both in terms of the substantial process of implementation and supervision. This is because there is still a lack of regional planning apparatus both in terms of quantity and quality and not yet optimal public consultation in taking government policy in development that directly impacts the community, then development plan deliberations and official head work unit forums as a mechanism for community involvement in planning development is not yet up to and maximal. Commitment to the political communication of the mayor of Banda Aceh wants to build the community of the city of Banda Aceh as a model of the civil city. This political commitment arose from the results of the geopolitical analysis, the natural conditions of the region, the Aceh provincial regional development policy and the national development vision, and the strong desire of the mayor himself. The Mayor of Paradigama in building the city of Banda Aceh referred to the concept of building the Prophet in Medina.
Transformational Leadership Model in Islamic Education
Authors: Anshari Ismail , Tihalimah Tihalimah
Published: February 2019

The transformational leadership leads its human resource into its elightment sensitivity, organisational development, collective vision, leadership delegation, and developing organisational culture which is a must in organisational restructure scheme. This leadership model would be able to accelerate the awareness of its followers by promoting productive ideas, a synergical relationship, responsibility, educational concern and collective expcetations. The transformational leadership leaders are those visionary and able to identify changes and transformation into organisations. In addition, they will be able to promote organisational changes  and motivate creative and innovative individual employees. Furthermore, they also build strong team work, promote the positive working culture and maintain responsibility.
The problems of the Szeletian as seen from Hungary
Authors: Mester Zsolt
Published: February 2019

The Szeletian is widely accepted as one of the cultural units typical of the transition from the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic in Central Europe and associated with Neanderthals. Its eponymous site is Szeleta Cave in northeastern Hungary, excavated mainly from 1906 to 1913 by O. Kadić. Although the Szeletian has altogether more than one hundred years of research history, this cultural unit is far from being clearly defined. This paper gives an overview of the related problems from typological, technological, chronological and archaeological points of view, with a special focus on those concerning the open-air and cave sites of Hungary.
Structure and chronology of Russian hunting stations on the Sørkappland and Hornsund coasts (Spitsbergen)
Authors: Chochorowski Jan , Krąpiec Marek
Published: February 2019

Excavations conducted in 1982–1987 by a Polish archaeological expedition from the Jagiellonian University in the Sørkappland and Hornsund coasts of Spitsbergen encompassed the three Pomor hunting stations of Bjørnbeinflyene, Palffyodden, and Schönningholmane, and included relics from the landing site on the Tørrflya coast used by the Pomors. The wood recovered during the excavations, originating from wooden dwellings, monumental crosses, and a shipwreck, was subjected to dendrochronological and radiocarbon analyses. The chronological position of the remaining sequences was established by means of wiggle-matching. The results suggest that the youngest rings of the larch sequence cannot be older than AD 1751, and the youngest rings of the pine sequence date within one of three periods: AD 1718–1760, 1772–1808, or 1825–1869. Absolute dates obtained for the wood from the huts from the northern part of Sørkappland are consistent with the chronological framework established based on historical data.
150 years of the Jagiellonian University Archaeological Cabinet. Past and present
Authors: Woźny Marzena , Dzięgielewski Karol
Published: February 2019

The collection of the former Jagiellonian University Archaeological Cabinet (Gabinet Archeologiczny Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego) in Kraków is unique in Poland. This is the oldest archaeological academic collection in Poland and the only one to survive to the present day in a nearly unchanged form. The collection’s history goes back to 1867, when it was established by Józef Łepkowski, the creator of the first Chair of Archaeology in the Jagiellonian University. The basic bulk of the collection was accumulated after the January Uprising of 1863, in a period marked by increased interest in antiquities: at that time it was regarded as a patriotic duty to preserve the achievements of Polish science and art. The establishment of the cabinet fit well into the general interest in antiquity observed throughout 19th-century Europe. Today, the collection is divided into two parts (each of them kept separately): Mediterranean and Prehistoric. As the artefacts from the Archaeological Cabinet have not been put on display since the end of WWII, the collection has generally maintained its 19th-century character, becoming in itself a museum monument of a kind.
Reposisi Eksekutif Review Terhadap Peraturan Daerah dalam Kerangka Otonomi Daerah
Authors: Junaidi Muhammad
Published: February 2019

Kewenangan eksekutif menjalankan eksekutif review menjadi salah satu pertentangan yang berarti terhadap paradigma implementasi pemerintahan daerah yang tertuang dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 23 tahun 2014 tentang pemerintahan daerah. Di satu sisi, eksekutif membutuhkan kewenangan eksekutif review dalam mengharmonisasikan kebijakan antara pemerintahan pusat dengan pemerintah daerah, akan tetapi disisi lain dalam doktrin pemisahan kekuasaan pengujian Peraturan-peraturan daerah merupakan wewenang dari lembaga yudikatif yang dalam Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia amanatnya dijalankan oleh Mahkamah Agung. Berangkat dari kondisi tersebut maka memungkinkan dilakukannya eksekutif review dilakukan bukan hanya oleh Presiden, akan tetapi tetap memperhatikan persetujuan Mahkamah Agung. Diharapkan melalui reposisi yang demikian akan mengedepankan upaya harmonisasi dan sinkronisasi peraturan perundang-undangan.
Implementasi Prinsip Negara Hukum dan Demokrasi Dalam Pembentukan Peraturan Daerah
Authors: Muhammadong Nasrullah
Published: February 2019

Tulisan ini, dimulai dari kajian teoritis dari beberapa variabel dari judul tulisan ini, yakni, prinsip ”negara hukum” dan ”demokrasi”. Selanjutnya menelaah aspek normatif dari ”Pembentukan Perda”, dengan tujuan mencari korelasi dengan beberapa variabel tadi. Untuk prinsip negara hukum, beberapa unsur yang menjadi obyek kajiannya, yaitu: pertama: aspek asas legalitas. Dalam kaitannya dengan masalah Pembentukan Perda, yaitu telah diaturnya kesesuaian bentuk Perda, dengan materi yang diatur; aspek prosedural dalam tata cara pembuatannya: dan kewenangan untuk menetapkan Perda sesuai dengan bentuknya. Kedua: aspek hierarki peraturan perundang-undangan. Perda diberi kedudukan paling di bawah dari semua peraturan yang diterbitkan ditingkat pusat, yang pada akhirnya, aspek hierarki ini, berimplikasi pula pada aspek materi muatan Perda dimaksud.Untuk prinsip “Demokrasi”. Salah satu unsurnya yang paling urgen dalam proses pembentukan Perda, yakni: unsur “keterbukaan”. Pembentukan Perda, yang di mulai dari perencanaan, penyusunan, pembahasan, pengesahan atau penetapan, dan pengundangan, harus bersifat transparan atau terbuka. Dengan demikian, seluruh lapisan masyarakat mempunyai kesempatan yang seluas-luasnya untuk memberikan masukan dalam Pembentukan Perda itu sendiri.
Tinjauan Yuridis Kewenangan Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi Melakukan Penyidikan Penggabungan Perkara Tindak Pidana Korupsi dan Pencucian Uang
Authors: Hidayat Sabrina
Published: February 2019

Pada awalnya Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi tidak berwenang melakukan penyidikan tindak pidana pencucian uang yang berdiri sendiri. Selanjutnya dalam perkembangan ilmu hukum acara pidana, penyidikan ternyata dapat menelusuri tindak pidana pencucian uang yang tindak pidana asalnya dari tindak pidana korupsi yang sedang disidik tersebut. Dengan demikian, penggabungan perkara pada tahap penyidikan oleh Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi telah dilakukan yang dimulai dengan penyidikan tindak pidana asal berupa tindak pidana korupsi yang secara yuridis normatif merupakan kewenangan Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi. Penggabungan perkara tindak pidana korupsi dengan tindak pidana pencucian uang pada tahap penyidikan yang dilakukan oleh Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi membawa konsekuensi penggabungan perkara pada tahap penuntutan terhadap tindak pidana pencucian uang dengan tindak pidana asal yang berupa tindak pidana korupsi dengan tetap berpegang pada prinsip concursus.
Menguji ‘Positive Legislature’ sebagai Kewenangan Mahkamah Konstitusi
Authors: Jafar Kamaruddin
Published: February 2019

Kecenderungan positive legislature nampak hadir dalam kewenangan MK selain otoritas otentik negative legislature, meskipun UUD 1945 telah menetapkan garis konstitusionalitasnya bahwa MK sebagai lembaga peradilan hanya diberikan kekuasaan untuk menguji konstitusionalitas Norma undang-undang. pandangan berbeda terjadi oleh pakar hukum tata negara antara pihak yang membolehkan dan pihak lain yang menegasikannya.Ulasan ini meyakini pandangan bahwa positive legislature tidak menjadi bagian dari kewenangan Mahkamah Konstitusi. teori Trias Politica mengafirmasi penolakan ini. benturan konsepsional antara hukum dan keadilan menjadi pandangan yang bersebrangan yang menghendaki penggunaan positive legislature dalam kedudukan MK menguji konstitusionalitas norma undang-undang.
Perlindungan Hak Paten Bagi Pengrajin Khas
Authors: Jabalnur Jabalnur
Published: February 2019

Paten bisa dilihat di dalam Undang-Undang, lebih tepatnya Pasal 1 ayat 1 Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2016. Undang- Undang telah menyebutkan bahwa  pengertian hak paten adalah hak eksklusif yang  diberikan oleh negara kepada inventor atas hasil invensinya di bidang teknologi selama waktu tertentu. Seorang inventor dapat melaksanakan sendiri invensinya atau memberikan persetujuan kepada pihak lain untuk melaksanakannya. Syarat mendapatkan hak paten ada tiga yaitu penemuan tersebut merupakan penemuan baru. Yang kedua, penemuan tersebut diproduksi dalam skala massal atau industrial. Suatu penemuan teknologi, secanggih apa pun, tetapi tidak dapat diproduksi dalam skala industri (karena harganya sangat mahal /tidak ekonomis), maka tidak berhak atas paten. Yang ketiga, penemuan tersebut merupakan penemuan yang tidak  terduga sebelumnya (non obvious). Jadi bila sekedar menggabungkan dua benda tidak dapat dipatenkan.
Mediasi Sebagai Alternatif dalam Pengurusan dan Pemberesan Harta Pailit oleh Kurator Kepailitan
Authors: Kartoningrat Raden Besse , Andayani Isetyowati
Published: February 2019

Mediasi merupakan salah satu upaya penyelesaian sengketa dimana para pihak yang berselisih atau bersengketa bersepakat untuk menghadirkan pihak ketiga yang independen guna bertindak sebagai mediator (penengah). Mediasi juga merupakan suatu alternatif penyelesaian sengketa di luar pengadilan, mengingat penyelesaian perkara melalui pengadilan dianggap sangat lambat, membuang waktu dan mahal serta berbelit-belit. Di dalam Kepailitan dikenal adanya Kurator yang menurut Pasal 1 angka 5 Undang-Undang No. 37 Tahun 2004 tentang Kepailitan dan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang, Kurator memiliki peran penting dalam pengurusan dan pemberesan harta debitor pailit untuk kepentingan debitor maupun kreditor. Kurator yang diangkat dalam melakukan pengurusan dan pemberesan harta pailit harus seorang yang mandiri dan tidak boleh mempunyai benturan kepentingan dengan debitor ataupun kreditor. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan konsep (conceptual approach). Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa mediasi merupakan upaya positif dalam penyelesaian sengketa yang lebih ekonomis dari segi biaya maupun waktu. Kurator sebagai suatu profesi yang juga mempunyai tugas dan fungsi untuk membagi harta pailit juga dapat di fungsikan sebagai mediator dalam proses kepailitan.
Pengiriman Paket Menggunakan Grab Express Beserta Dengan Bentuk Pertanggungjawabannya
Authors: Sabrie Hilda , Ratih Dina
Published: February 2019

Seperti yang diatur dalam Peraturan Pemerintah No 74 Tahun 2014 Tentang Angkutan Jalan (PP No. 74/2014, sepeda motor dapat digunakan sebagai alat angkut barang dengan catatan harus memenuhi syarat teknis. Selain itu penggunaan sepeda motor juga dirasa lebih efektif dan efisien untuk pengiriman barang karena dapat menjangkau tempat tujuan dengan lebih cepat. Seiring dengan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan teknologi, akhirnya memunculkan suatu inovasi baru berupa penggabungan teknologi dengan pengadaan jasa pengangkutan. Inovasi tersebut berupa layanan pemesanan kendaraan melalui aplikasi pada ponsel pintar. Kemunculan inovasi ini di Indonesia cukup disukai oleh masyarakat karena lebih efektif dan efisien. Melihat permintaan masyarakat yang cukup banyak, hal ini membuat suatu peluang bisnis yang cukup menjanjikan. Sehingga sampai saat ini banyak bermunculan perusahaan aplikasi penyedia layanan transportasi yakni Go-Jek Indonesia, Uber Indonesia dan Grab Indonesia. Permasalahan yang timbul dengan adanya transportasi online ini adalah bentuk tanggung jawabnya dalam hal melakukan pengangkutan. Sehingga perlu kiranya diketahui lebih jauh agar pengguna transportasi online dapat lebih aman dan nyaman ketika menggunakan jasa yang ditawarkan terutama untuk aplikasi Grab Express. Artikel ini mengambil sampel Grab Indonesia sebagai bahan penelitian. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum yang bersifat normative artinya semua yang dikaji adalah berdasar peraturan perundang-undangan. Selain itu pendekatan yang di gunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah conseptual approach dan research approach. KataKunci: Transportasi Online; Grab Indonesia; Grab Express; Pengangkutan; Tanggung Jawab.
Model Harmonisasi Hubungan Wewenang Antara Kepala Desa dengan Badan Perwakilan Desa (BPD) dalam Pembentukan Peraturan Desa
Authors: Syahbudin Syahbudin , Herman Herman , Syukur La Ode
Published: February 2019

Sumberdaya aparatur desa sebagai penyelenggaraan pemerintahan desa merupakan bagian yang tak terpisahkan dalam penyelenggaraan dan penatalaksanaan pemerintahan desa. Sumberdaya aparatur penyelenggara pemerintahan desa merupakan aspek fundamental khususnya berkaitan dengan penyusunan dan pembentukan peraturan desa untuk kepentingan penyelenggaraan pemerintahan di desa dalam  penatalaksanaan peraturan desa tersebut tidak multitafsir dan bertentangan dengan peraturan-peraturan yang ada diatasnya.Desa sebagai daerah otonom yang secara mandiri membentuk peraturannya sendiri guna penyelenggaraan pemerintahan desa. Dengan demikian hendaknya dalam perumusan peraturan desa harus sesuai dengan asas penyusunan peraturan perundang-undangan yang baik. Sasaran yang ingin dicapai diantaranya untuk memberikan pemecahan masalah (problem solving) secara ilmiah terhadap masalah dan hambatan-hambatan yang dihadapi oleh aparatur desa dalam menyusun peraturan desa. Hal ini bertujuan agar penyusunan peraturan desa sesuai dengan asas penyusunan peraturan perundang-undangan yang baik sekaligus sebagai aspek kebijakan (policy) yang ditujukan kepada pemerintah Kabupaten. Aspek ini merupakan suatu rekomendasi ilmiah yang disusun berdasarkan penelitian normatif sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai rujukan bagi Pemerintah Daerah dalam menyusun Peraturan Daerah tentang pedoman penyusunan dan mekanisme  penyusunan peraturan desa. Pedoman ini dapat dijadikan sebagai payung hukum bagi seluruh aparatur desa di Kabupaten.
Kearifan Lokal Masyarakat Adat Suku Moronene dalam Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup
Authors: Sinapoy Muh. Sabaruddin
Published: February 2019

Hutan dalam Pasal 1 angka 2 Undang-Undang Nomor 41 Tahun 1999 tentang Kehutanan, adalah suatu kesatuan ekosistem berupa hamparan lahan berisi sumber daya alam hayati yang didominasi pepohonan dalam persekutuan alam lingkungannya, yang satu dengan yang lainnya tidak dapat dipisahkan dan berdasarkan Pasal 1 angka 3 kawasan hutan adalah wilayah tertentu yang ditunjuk dan atau ditetapkan oleh Pemerintah untuk dipertahankan keberadaannya sebagai hutan atau disebut sebagai kawasan hutan. Berdasarkan unsur pokok yang terkandung di dalam definisi kawasan hutan, dijadikan dasar pertimbangan ditetapkannya wilayah-wilayah tertentu sebagai kawasan hutan, kemudian untuk menjamin diperolehnya manfaat yang sebesar-besarnya dari hutan dan berdasarkan kebutuhan sosial ekonomi masyarakat. Terkait dengan keberadaan masyarakat adat suku Moronene yang mendiami sebagian wilayah TN.RAW telah diakui dan dipertahankan keberadaannya secara turun—temurun sebelum wilayah hutannya menjadi Taman Nasional. Eksistensi keberadaan masyarakat suku Moronene tersebut dalam mengeksploitasi kekayaan alam hutan TN.RAW hanyalah untuk mempertahankan dan memenuhi kebutuhan hidup sehari-hari dengan cara pengetahuan kearifan lokalnya yang didapatkan dari para ”leluhurnya“.
Approaches to Risk Identification in Public–Private Partnership Projects: Malaysian Private Partners’ Overview
Authors: Sarvari Hadi , Valipour Alireza , Yahya Nordin , Noor Norhazilan MD , Beer Michael , Banaitiene Nerija
Published: February 2019

The complexity of public–private partnership (PPP) projects ensures that risks could emerge and spread in unpredictable ways if they are not well identified and managed. The emergence of PPP projects has brought major changes in the construction industry, the most notable being in procurement methods influencing risk allocation to private parties. Thus, it is crucial to have an effective risk management for public and private partners to eliminate or minimise risks. Formulating an effective risk management system is a crucial challenge faced by both of parties in order to minimise or optimise risks. The aim of this study was to investigate the process of risk identification of private partners in Malaysian PPP projects. Data were collected throughout a 2-month period using a survey with a sample of nine Malaysian companies engaged in PPP projects, and the survey results were analysed using mean scores. The findings indicate that due to a lack of knowledge and experience of Malaysian private partners in the risk identification process, a comprehensive database for risk identification is highly necessary for the private sector. Another issue emerging from the findings is that it may be reasonable to use a combination of risk identification tools for PPP projects with a high level of complexity. The findings of the present study can greatly assist public and private partners to select the most appropriate tools for risk identification at the early stages of PPP projects.
Trypsin Inhibitor Assessment with Biochemical and Molecular Markers in a Soybean Germplasm Collection and Hybrid Populations for Seed Quality Improvement
Authors: Bulatova Kulpash , Mazkirat Shynar , Didorenko Svetlana , Babissekova Dilyara , Kudaibergenov Mukhtar , Alchinbayeva Perizat , Khalbayeva Sholpan , Shavrukov Yuri
Published: February 2019

A soybean germplasm collection was studied for the identification of accessions with low trypsin inhibitor content in seeds. Twenty-nine accessions, parental plants, and two hybrid populations were selected and analyzed using genetic markers for alleles of the Ti3 locus, encoding Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI). Most of the accessions had high or very high KTI (49.22–73.53 Trypsin units inhibited (TUI/mg seeds), while the two local Kazakh cultivars, Lastochka and Ivushka, were found to have a moderately high content of KTI, at 54.16–54.87 TUI/mg. In contrast, two soybean cultivars from Italy, Hilario and Ascasubi, showed the lowest levels of trypsin units inhibited, at 25.47–27.87 TUI/mg. Electrophoresis of seed proteins in a non-denaturing system showed a simple discrimination pattern and very clear presence/absence of bands corresponding to KTI. The SSR marker Satt228 was the most effective diagnostic marker among the three examined, and it confirmed the presence of the homozygous null-allele ti3/ti3 in cultivars Ascasubi and Hilario, which were used for hybridization with the local cv. Lastochka. Heterozygote F1 hybrid plants and homozygous ti3/ti3 lines in F2 segregating populations were successfully identified using Satt228. Finally, through marker-assisted selection with Satt228, prospective homozygous ti3/ti3 lines were produced for further application in the breeding program aimed at improving soybean seed quality in Kazakhstan.
Cross-Reactive and Lineage-Specific Single Domain Antibodies against Influenza B Hemagglutinin
Authors: Ramage Walter , Gaiotto Tiziano , Ball Christina , Risley Paul , Carnell George W. , Temperton Nigel , Cheung Chung Y. , Engelhardt Othmar G. , Hufton Simon E.
Published: February 2019

Influenza B virus (IBV) circulates in the human population and causes considerable disease burden worldwide, each year. Current IBV vaccines can struggle to mount an effective cross-reactive immune response, as strains become mismatched, due to constant antigenic changes. Additional strategies which use monoclonal antibodies, with broad reactivity, are of considerable interest, both, as diagnostics and as immunotherapeutics. Alternatives to conventional monoclonal antibodies, such as single domain antibodies (NanobodiesTM) with well-documented advantages for applications in infectious disease, have been emerging. In this study we have isolated single domain antibodies (sdAbs), specific to IBV, using alpacas immunised with recombinant hemagglutinin (HA) from two representative viruses, B/Florida/04/2006 (B/Yamagata lineage) and B/Brisbane/60/2008 (B/Victoria lineage). Using phage display, we have isolated a panel of single domain antibodies (sdAbs), with both cross-reactive and lineage-specific binding. Several sdAbs recognise whole virus antigens, corresponding to influenza B strains included in vaccines spanning over 20 years, and were capable of neutralising IBV pseudotypes corresponding to prototype strains from both lineages. Lineage-specific sdAbs recognised the head domain, whereas, sdAbs identified as cross-reactive could be classified as either head binding or stem binding. Using yeast display, we were able to correlate lineage specificity with naturally occurring sequence divergence, at residue 122 in the highly variable 120 loop of the HA1 domain. The single domain antibodies described, might have applications in IBV diagnostics, vaccine potency testing and as immunotherapeutics.
Advances in the Application of Microcapsules as Carriers of Functional Compounds for Food Products
Authors: Corrêa-Filho Luiz C. , Moldão-Martins Margarida , Alves Vitor D.
Published: February 2019

Natural bioactive compounds and living cells have been reported as promising products with beneficial properties to human health. The constant challenge regarding the use of these components is their easy degradation during processing and storage. However, their stability can be improved with the microencapsulation process, in which a compound sensitive to adverse environmental conditions is retained within a protective polymeric material. Microencapsulation is a widely used methodology for the preservation and stabilization of functional compounds for food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic applications. The present review discusses advances in the production and application of microcapsules loaded with functional compounds in food products. The main methods for producing microcapsules, as well as the classes of functional compounds and wall materials used, are presented. Additionally, the release of compounds from loaded microcapsules in food matrices and in simulated gastrointestinal conditions is also assessed.
An Auto-Adaptive Multi-Objective Strategy for Multi-Robot Exploration of Constrained-Communication Environments
Authors: Benavides Facundo , Ponzoni Carvalho Chanel Caroline , Monzón Pablo , Grampín Eduardo
Published: February 2019

The exploration problem is a fundamental subject in autonomous mobile robotics that deals with achieving the complete coverage of a previously unknown environment. There are several scenarios where completing exploration of a zone is a main part of the mission. Due to the efficiency and robustness brought by multi-robot systems, exploration is usually done cooperatively. Wireless communication plays an important role in collaborative multi-robot strategies. Unfortunately, the assumption of stable communication and end-to-end connectivity may be easily compromised in real scenarios. In this paper, a novel auto-adaptive multi-objective strategy is followed to support the selection of tasks regarding both exploration performance and connectivity level. Compared with others, the proposed approach shows effectiveness and flexibility to tackle the multi-robot exploration problem, being capable of decreasing the last of disconnection periods without noticeable degradation of the completion exploration time.
Study on the Thermal Properties and Enzymatic Degradability of Chiral Polyamide-Imides Films Based on Amino Acids
Authors: Liu Weipeng , He Fuyan , Yang Wenke , Yang Zhizhou , Yao Jinshui , Zhao Hui
Published: February 2019

Six kinds of chiral polyamide-imides (PAI3a–3f) have successfully been synthesized via direct polycondensation. The thermal properties of the materials were evaluated by the gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). A thermal test was conducted and showed that the polymers have good thermal stability. The Tg values were affected by the volume effect of the side groups, the internal plasticizing effect and the isolation effect. Polyamide-imides (PAIs) with L configuration showed higher Tg values than PAIs with D configuration. In the enzymatic degradation experiments of PAI films, the results showed that the structure of amino acids have the greatest influence on the degradation performance of PAIs relative to chirality. The PAI films with simple side groups and L configurations were easier to degrade. The degradation rate of natural chiral PAIs were higher than those of non-natural chiral PAIs. This makes it possible to develop polymer materials with specific degradation rates.
Efficiency Comparison of AC and DC Distribution Networks for Modern Residential Localities
Authors: Gelani Hasan , Dastgeer Faizan , Siraj Kiran , Nasir Mashood , Niazi Kamran , Yang Yongheng
Published: February 2019

The paper investigates the system efficiency for power distribution in residential localities considering daily load variations. Relevant system modeling is presented. A mathematical model is devised, which is based on the data from the Energy Information Administration (EIA), USA, for analysis. The results reveal that the DC distribution system can present an equivalent or even better efficiency compared to the AC distribution network with an efficiency advantage of 2.3%, averaged over a day. Furthermore, the distribution systems are compared under various capacities of solar PV accounting for the effect of variation in solar irradiation over time.
The Effects of Selective Laser Melting Process Parameters on Relative Density of the AlSi10Mg Parts and Suitable Procedures of the Archimedes Method
Authors: Bai Shigang , Perevoshchikova Nataliya , Sha Yu , Wu Xinhua
Published: February 2019

In view of the importance of accurately measuring the relative density of a selective laser melted (SLMed) part for optimizing the selective laser melting (SLM) processing parameters, suitable procedures of the Archimedes method considering the surface-connected cavities were proposed by comparing the results using the Archimedes method with image analysis. The effects of the SLM processing parameters on the relative density of AlSi10Mg were investigated using the proposed procedures of the Archimedes methods and image analysis. Fourteen SLMed samples were produced by different SLM processing parameters according to Doehlert Matrix. The regression models correlating relative density and three SLM processing parameters (laser power, scan speed, and hatching distance) were built and the optimum parameter combination to get a high relative density was obtained. By plotting the response surfaces and contours of the regression models, it was found that the relative densities are both higher at the combination of the higher scan speed, higher power, and lower hatching distance and at the combination of a lower scan speed, a moderate laser power, and a optional hatching distance. It was also found that the parameter of hatching distance is the crucial parameter to get a high relative density and to get high mechanical property.
Simulation Models for Offshore Port Service Concepts
Authors: Kim Woo-sung , Kim Jonghoe
Published: February 2019

Offshore port service concepts were developed to flexibly respond to the emergence of large container ships and the increase in port trade volume. As one such offshore service concept, a mobile harbor system has recently been proposed. Although it is possible to effectively increase the capacity of existing ports through these mobile harbor systems, the methodology for evaluating the performance of a traditional port is limited when applied to evaluating the performance of the mobile harbor system. In this study, we develop a simulation model to analyze the mobile harbor system. The simulation model reflects the operating characteristics of the mobile harbor, and the performance metric of the system can be derived from the model. The results can be applied to capacity planning of a port system with a method that reduces search space. We applied our method to the Surabaya port in Indonesia to derive the optimal mobile harbor design that satisfies the required service level.
Equivalence of RABBITT and Streaking Delays in Attosecond-Time-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy at Solid Surfaces
Authors: Gebauer Andreas , Neb Sergej , Enns Walter , Stadtmüller Benjamin , Aeschlimann Martin , Pfeiffer Walter
Published: February 2019

The dynamics of the photoelectric effect in solid-state systems can be investigated via attosecond-time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. This article provides a comparison of delay information accessible by the two most important techniques, attosecond streaking spectroscopy and reconstruction of attosecond beating by interference of two-photon transitions (RABBITT) at solid surfaces, respectively. The analysis is based on simulated time-resolved photoemission spectra obtained by solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation in a single-active-electron approximation. We show a continuous transition from the few-cycle RABBITT regime to the streaking regime as two special cases of laser-assisted photoemission. The absolute delay times obtained by both methods agree with each other, within the uncertainty limits for kinetic energies >10 eV. Moreover, for kinetic energies >10 eV, both streaking delay time and RABBITT delay time coincide with the classical time of flight for an electron propagating from the emitter atom to the bulk-vacuum interface, with only small deviations of less than 4 as due to quantum mechanical interference effects.
Influence of Multiple Factors on the Wettability and Surface Free Energy of Leaf Surface
Authors: He Yong , Xiao Shupei , Wu Jianjian , Fang Hui
Published: February 2019

The wettability of plant leaves directly reflects leaf hydrophilicity, which is the key factor that influences the adhesion of liquid pesticide as well as affects plant protection products (PPP) efficacy. Generally, the wettability of leaf surface is quantified by the contact angle and surface free energy (SFE), which are mainly dependent on leaf surface properties, liquid properties and other spraying parameters. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to investigate the SFE of rice and rape leaves with the variation of leaf status, leaf surface, and probe liquid as well as the influence of droplet falling height, solid surface, and PPP concentration on the wettability. The results showed that: (1) the dispersive components of SFE of rice and rape account for a large proportion which are closely related to their hydrophobicity—the abaxial of rape new leaf and the adaxial of rape old leaf are easier to wet comparing with rice and rape leaves in other statuses; (2) the increase of droplet falling height had a significant effect on improving the wettability between wax surface and adjuvant solution, while it had little improving effect on the wettability between wax surface and water; (3) the wettability of different solid surface varied greatly, and the order of wettability from good to bad is water-sensitive paper (WSP), wax, rape leaf, and rice leaf; (4) the effect of PPP concentration on the leaf surface wettability is significant, the contact angle decreased with the increase of PPP concentration, and the wettability of microemulsion is better than that of suspending agent and wettable powder. In conclusion, the SFE and wettability of crop leaf surface determine the suitable type of PPP, studying the influence of multiple factors on leaf surface wettability can provide a reliable reference for providing scientific guidance as well as improving the effective utilization of PPP.