bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Single-chromosome dynamics reveals locus-dependent dynamics and chromosome territory orientation
Authors: Chung Yu-Chieh , Bisht Madhoolika , Thuma Jenna , Tu Li-Chun
Published: January 2023

Dynamic chromatin organization instantly influences DNA accessibility through modulating local macromolecular density and interactions, driving changes in transcription activities. Chromatin dynamics have been reported to be locally confined but contribute to coherent chromatin motion across the entire nucleus. However, the regulation of dynamics, nuclear orientation and compaction of subregions along a single chromosome are not well-understood. We used CRISPR-based real-time single-particle tracking and polymer models to characterize the dynamics of specific genomic loci and determine compaction levels of large human chromosomal domains. Our studies showed that chromosome compaction changed during interphase and that compactions of two arms on chromosome 19 were different. The dynamics of genomic loci were subdiffusive and dependent on chromosome regions and transcription states. Surprisingly, the correlation between locus-dependent nuclear localization and mobility was negligible. Strong tethering interactions detected at the pericentromeric region implies local condensation or associations with organelles within local nuclear microenvironments, such as chromatin–nuclear body association. Based on our findings, we propose a ‘guided radial model’ for the nuclear orientation of the long arm of chromosome 19.
The Minimal Difference as an Individual Threshold to Examine the Utility of a Verification Bout in Determining V̇O2max
Authors: SUCCI PASQUALE J. , BENITEZ BRIAN , KWAK MINYOUNG , BERGSTROM HALEY C.
Published: January 2023

Purpose

A square-wave verification bout to confirm maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) from a graded exercise test (GXT) has been recommended based on mean responses. This study used the test–retest reliability, mean, and individual differences between the highest V̇O2 from the GXT (V̇O2GXT) and verification bout (V̇O2verification) to examine the efficacy of a verification bout in the determination of

O2max in healthy, recreationally trained, well-motivated men.

Methods

Ten men (24 ± 4 yr) completed a GXT on a cycle ergometer followed by a submaximal verification bout to determine V̇O2GXT and V̇O2verification. After completion of the initial GXT, subjects rested for 5 min then performed the verification bout at 90% of the peak power output from the initial GXT. Analyses included a two-way repeated-measures ANOVA, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC2,1), standard errors of the measurement (SEM), minimal differences (MD), and coefficients of variation (COV).

Results

There was no test (test 1 vs test 2)–method (GXT vs verification) interaction (P = 0.300) and no main effect for test (P = 0.690), but there was a main effect for method (P = 0.003). The V̇O2GXT (46.0 mL⋅kg−1⋅min−1) was significantly greater than V̇O2verification (43.9 mL⋅kg−1⋅min−1), collapsed across test. The V̇O2GXT (ICC = 0.970, SEM = 1.63 mL⋅kg−1⋅min−1, MD = 4.51 mL⋅kg−1⋅min−1, COV = 3.54%) and the V̇O2verification (ICC = 0.953, SEM = 1.87 mL⋅kg−1⋅min−1, MD = 5.17 mL⋅kg−1⋅min−1, COV = 4.25%) demonstrated “excellent” reliability. No subject exceeded the MD test–retest for V̇O2GXT or V̇O2verification. No subject had a V̇O2verification that exceeded V̇O2GXT by more than the MD, but two subjects had a V̇O2GXT, which exceeded V̇O2verification by more than the MD.

Conclusions

The excellent reliability of V̇O2GXT in addition to the examination of the individual differences between V̇O2GXT and V̇O2verification using the MD indicated that a standalone GXT was sufficient to determine V̇O2max.
Health Effects of Increasing Income for the Elderly: Evidence from a Chilean Pension Program
Authors: Miglino Enrico , Navarrete H. Nicolás , Navarrete H. Gonzalo , Navarrete H. Pablo
Published: January 2023

We estimate the effect of a permanent income increase on the health outcomes of the elderly poor. Our regression discontinuity design exploits an eligibility cutoff in a Chilean basic pension program that grants monthly payments to retirees without a contributory pension. Using administrative data, we find that four years after applying, basic pension recipients are 2.7 percentage points less likely to have died. Survey evidence suggests an increase in food consumption and visits to health centers as relevant drivers of the mortality reduction. (JEL D63, G51, I12, I14, I38, J14, O15)
The Extension of Credit with Nonexclusive Contracts and Sequential Banking Externalities
Authors: De Giorgi Giacomo , Drenik Andres , Seira Enrique
Published: January 2023

Nonexclusive sequential borrowing can increase default and impose externalities on prior lenders. We document that sequential banking is pervasive with substantial effects. Using credit card applications from a large bank and data on the applicants’ entire loan portfolios, we find that an additional credit line causes a 5.9 percentage point decline in default for high-score borrowers on previous loans. However, for low-score borrowers, it causes a 19 percentage point increase. The former use the new credit to smooth payments on preexisting loans, while the latter increase their total debt. These results have implications for “ no-universal-default” regulation and financial inclusion. (JEL D62, D82, G21, G51)
Expanding Access to Clean Water for the Rural Poor: Experimental Evidence from Malawi
Authors: Dupas Pascaline , Nhlema Basimenye , Wagner Zachary , Wolf Aaron , Wroe Emily
Published: January 2023

Data from an 18-month randomized trial show large and sustained impacts on water purification and child health of a program providing monthly coupons for free water treatment solution to households with young children. The program is more effective and much more cost effective than asking Community Health Workers (CHWs) to distribute free chlorine to households during routine monthly visits. This is because only 40 percent of households use free chlorine, targeting through CHWs is worse than self-targeting through coupon redemption, and water treatment promotion by CHWs does not increase chlorine use among beneficiaries of free chlorine. (JEL I12, I18, J13, O12, O13, Q53)
Exploring faculty perception of simulation-based education: Benefits and challenges of using simulation for improving patient safety in cardiovascular diploma program
Authors: Ajlan A Alshehri  , Fahaad S Alenazi  , Hamad Alturki  , Farida Habib Khan
Published: January 2023

Objectives: The study was conducted in a tertiary educational hospital based in Riyadh to explore faculty’s perception of using simulation-based teaching as part of the Cardiovascular Diploma Program (CDP) to improve patients’ safety. The study, also aimed to identify the benefits and challenges of utilizing simulation.

Methods: Researchers used a qualitative approach. Semi-structured interviews were conducted online with ten faculty-members. The interviews were performed between July and September in the year 2019. Authors used convenient sampling techniques for recruitment. Data were transcribed and analyzed using a framework analysis approach.

Results: Data analysis showed four emergent themes, i.e., the concept of simulation (it is a risk-free environment for training), simulation for patients’ safety (students first learn on the simulators and deal with patients), simulation as a safe learning environment (gives idea basic things about the working environment, knowing the symptoms of the patients, catheterizing the patient, knowing preparations for the procedure and post care), and the challenges of utilizing simulation (identify gaps between the theoretical and practical parts).

Conclusion: Faculty has appreciated the role of simulation in improving patients’ safety. Simulation was underutilized due to the limited time allotted for simulation and lack of adequate experienced faculty. It is recommended that simulation should be integrated into the CDP curriculum.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.2.6693

How to cite this: Alshehri AA, Alenazi FS, Alturki H, Khan FH. Exploring faculty perception of simulation-based education: Benefits and challenges of using simulation for improving patient safety in cardiovascular diploma program. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(2):---------.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.2.6693

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
SOME ASPECTS OF EATING AND DRUG ADDICTION BEHAVIOR OF ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Maleeva Nina P. , Dmitrieva Marina K. , Moskovtseva Nellya I. , Popova Lyudmila V.
Published: January 2023

The problems of eating and drug-addicted behavior of adolescents are one of the most urgent both in Russia and around the world.

The purpose of the study: to analyze the behavioral factors of adolescents’ adaptation to the environment, such as smoking, alcohol and drug use, as well as the eating behavior of adolescents, indicating a deviation in healthy eating.

Novelty: a comprehensive approach to the social portrait of adolescents was used with an assessment of eating and drug-addicted behavior in the gender aspect in the Orenburg region of the Russian Federation. In the literature known to us, the eating and drug-dependent behavior of adolescents was assessed in isolation.

The results obtained from a survey of 200 teenagers studying at a college in the Orenburg region revealed that all teenagers attend Fast-Food and prefer sweet drinks to eating fresh fruits and vegetables. The identified gender differences in eating behavior indicate that boys have breakfast and snacks more often than girls, while girls are more attentive to the principles of healthy eating and more often have theoretical knowledge on this issue. Drug-directed behavior in terms of alcohol consumption was registered in 22% of adolescents, smoking in 19% of adolescents, and the use of narcotic psychoactive substances in 1% of the adolescents surveyed. The status of families with children with early drug-directed behavior was characterized by low social responsibility.

Practical significance: the results of the study will be used to determine the main areas of work with adolescents on the formation of a healthy lifestyle, as well as to purposefully prevent early deviations in their eating and addictive behavior
FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT CHARACTERISTICS OF GRAIN PRODUCTION AND MARKETING IN SIBERIA
Authors: Bykov Alexandr A. , Aleshchenko Vitaly V. , Chupin Roman I. , Popova Elena V. , Kumratova Alfira M.
Published: January 2023

The paper is devoted to the urgent problem for the regions producing grain under unfavorable natural and climatic conditions providing grain to consumers and the sector of the economy under the conditions of the world food market transformation. Siberia is the largest grain producer in the Russian Federation. The region produces over 14 million tons of grain annually. In turn, according to estimations by scientists at the Siberian Federal Scientific Centre of Agro-BioTechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the volume of grain production in Siberia could reach 19.7 million tons by 2025. This research aims to determine the formation and development characteristics of grain production and marketing in Siberia and develop the organizational and economic mechanism for its regulation. The approach used for the formation and development of grain production and sales takes into account the interaction of producers, the specifics of Siberian regions and is based on specific areas of the grain market. The research reflects the results of the study, which includes (1) the analysis of Siberia’s natural and climatic conditions, (2) evaluation of grain production and marketing, (3) identification of the specific features of production in the region, and (4) identification of the production and marketing main problems. The grain production and the market analysis have established that there are disproportions between the volume of grain production and food industry demand, livestock production and industrial processing in Siberia regions. The tendencies and patterns analysis of grain complex development in Siberia allows us to conclude that its dynamic development is possible at a qualitatively new level. For this purpose, we have developed the organizational-economic mechanism of grain production and marketing regulation. Only a comprehensive approach to the regulation of production with the active participation of the government will increase the volume of grain on the market.
INFLUENCE OF THE HYDROLOGICAL REGIME ON THE STATE OF FLOODPLAIN GEOSYSTEMS OF THE CHARYN RIVER
Authors: Kerimbay Bayan S. , Sadvakassova Saltanat R. , Dunets Alexandr N.
Published: January 2023

The paper deals with the influence of the hydrological regime of the Charyn River, where the Bestyubinsk reservoir was built in 2012, on the state of floodplain geosystems. The research aims to identify and analyze the impact of regulation of the Charyn River flow reservoir on the state of geosystems. Research tasks include (1) calculating and analyzing the hydrological regime of the Charyn River; (2) identifying the sections of the river floodplain most susceptible to the threat of flooding before and after the construction of the reservoir; (3) compiling comprehensive physical and geographical characteristics of the floodplain geosystems of the Taskarasu Valley subject to frequent flooding. In the analysis of the hydrological regime of the river, we used difference and total integral curves to identify the cycles of fluctuations in the annual runoff. The river runoff was estimated by the change in the parameter of the mean annual runoff for 2004–2018. As a result of the interpretation of satellite images, using the Automated Water Extraction Index integrated with ArcGIS, the most frequently flooded area of the river floodplain for this period was identified. The time and area of flooding were determined. Based on the data obtained, the flooded areas were compared for 2004–2018. The advantages of visual observation using satellite images are the ability to clearly and intelligibly visualize the flooded area and systematically, as quickly as possible, reach the required site coordinates using decoded digital data, which is necessary when studying the functioning of geosystems. To describe the state of the floodplain geosystems most susceptible to flooding, we used the data for many years of field landscape studies. Thus, comprehensive physical and geographical characteristics of the Taskarasu Valley were given.
Mechanism of adhesion of glass monomeric cements of Meron and Total-cem to dentin
Authors: Nebogatov S. S. , Chulak L. D.
Published: January 2023

Recently, researchers note an increase in the prevalence of non-carious lesions of solid dental tissues. The forms of non-carious lesions of teeth are described: erosion and abrasion, wedge-shaped defects and erosion, which were previously practically not met.

Increasing the life expectancy and maintaining natural teeth also led to the fact that clinicians often began to meet with patients with increased erosion of teeth.

Study of the mechanism of adherence of glass-like cements to dentin is very important. In our case, the adhesion of our cements to dentin and enamelabs of acid protrusion, in our opinion, is provided by two mechanisms. The first of these is based on the fact that carboxylate groups of the macromolecules of polyacrylic acid are capable of forming chelating compounds with calcium, in particular calcium hydroxyapatite dentin and enamel.

The second possible mechanism of communication is based on the affinity of polycarboxylic acids to nitrogen of protein molecules, in particular, collagen, which is manifested by the absorption of polyacrylic acid on collagen dentin.
El perfil del graduado en marketing: Nuevas tendencias demandadas por las empresas en España.
Authors: Hernández Zelaya Sandra Lizzeth , Rodríguez Benito Maria Elena
Published: January 2023

El presente artículo busca realizar un análisis de los perfiles demandados de los profesionales de marketing en España. Para ello, se ha realizado una investigación vinculando a empresas españolas de diferentes sectores consultando las necesidades e intereses demandados por ellas, en la contratación de perfiles de marketing. La investigación utiliza una metodología basada en encuestas online dirigida a directivos de rango alto en empresas de diferentes rubros. El estudio se realizó en el primer semestre del año 2022 y cuenta con una muestra de 68 empresas. Los resultados destacan los intereses y necesidades que demandan las empresas en estos perfiles y marcan pauta en las nuevas tendencias para la formación profesional en las universidades. Los perfiles de marketing están evolucionando a un ritmo muy ágil dadas las nuevas tendencias en el mercado y los conocimientos primordiales para poder ejercer esta profesión. Se identifican como prioritarias habilidades blandas específicas, conocimientos técnicos centrados en la gestión del marketing digital y herramientas técnicas enfocadas en el diseño gráfico, la programación e investigación de mercados. Como limitaciones, se resalta que el estudio se centra en el mercado español por lo que debe verse con cautela extrapolar sus resultados a otros países.
Retrato del perfil profesional del organizador de eventos.
Authors: Gil-Jerez Margarita
Published: January 2023

El propósito de este estudio es analizar el perfil profesional del organizador de eventos en el panorama empresarial español. A través de una metodología exploratoria de carácter cualitativo, basada en la revisión de la literatura y en las entrevistas en profundidad a profesionales en activo, se pretende obtener los datos acerca de sus funciones, su posición en el organigrama, su formación, competencias y capacidades, y sus perspectivas de futuro. Los resultados reflejan que se trata de una profesión que está afianzada en el mundo empresarial, que dependen jerárquicamente de las direcciones de comunicación o marketing, con una larga experiencia y formación cualificada, al que acompañan grandes capacidades de gestión de equipos, organización, liderazgo, creatividad, planificación, gestión eficaz del tiempo y del estrés, habilidades comunicativas y al que se le visualiza un futuro muy prometedor. Todo ello ha permitido obtener como principal conclusión que el event manager ha conseguido dirigir la estrategia de comunicación de su empresa a través de los eventos, y que, después de muchos años de reivindicaciones, su figura ha evolucionado a un rol estratégico, alejado de un papel orientado exclusivamente a la logística y la producción del evento.
A arte ao serviço do rei: o papel da Arquitetura como parte da defesa e manutenção do reino português no século XVI
Authors: Dume Sarah
Published: January 2023

A arquitetura da segunda metade do século XVI em Portugal é envolvida em uma rede de significados políticos, sociais e culturais que caracterizaram a teoria e a prática da construção no território português quinhentista. A arte de projetar e construir estava atrelada ao desenvolvimento territorial e mercantil propiciado pelas navegações, e a segunda metade do século em questão passa a assistir à introdução de novas metodologias em busca da manutenção e proteção dos territórios conquistados durante o auge da expansão portuguesa no governo de D. Manuel (1495-1521). De que forma o ideário da projeção de edificações defensivas desenvolvera-se como parte importante dos planos desenvolvimentistas dos reis portugueses nos Quinhentos? Propõe-se aqui apresentar alguns desses apontamentos acerca da preponderância da arquitetura enquanto parte de uma conjuntura de ações em prol da legitimação e manutenção do reino português durante o movimentado século na história do país.
Clinical governance – a dental nurses tool
Authors: Innes-Taylor Dominic , McGuckin Bronagh
Published: January 2023

Dominic Innes-Taylor and Bronagh McGuckin outline the relevance of clinical governance, providing guidance on its application.
Celebrating a centenary
Authors: Khawaja Sally
Published: January 2023

Sally Khawaja introduces us to the excellent team at King's College Dental School as they approach an exciting milestone.
Driving Revenue
Authors: Eden J J
Published: January 2023

Electric vehicles are better than ever – and they're here to stay
Driving Progress
Authors: Allen James
Published: January 2023

With the countdown underway to the doors opening on the biennial event, James Allen reports on why excitement is building around Intertraffic Istanbul
Corridor of Connection
Authors: Wordsworth Saul
Published: January 2023

A new connected vehicle testbed in Kent, UK, is pointing the way toward better traffic flow, greater safety and the future of driverless cars.
A Safe Pair of Hands
Authors: Janson Roberth
Published: January 2023

THE RIGHT PATH TO SWAPPING HYDRAULIC JOYSTICKS FOR ELECTRICAL, CAN CONTROLS
Will Covid Change Cabs?
Authors: Wordsworth Saul
Published: January 2023

MANUFACTURERS ARE ALREADY CONSIDERING DESIGN CHANGES TO MAKE INDUSTRIAL VEHICLE CABINS MORE HYGIENIC. THE PANDEMIC COULD PROPEL THIS AREA OF VEHICLE DESIGN FORWARD
Feeding the 8.5 Billion
Authors: Roper Jack
Published: January 2023

WITH THE WORLD'S POPULATION PROJECTED TO REACH AG 8.5 BILLION BY 2030 AND 11 BILLION BY 2100, AGRICULTURAL PROCESSES NEED TO EVOLVE RAPIDLY. THIS MEANS WE WILL NOT ONLY NEED SMARTER, MORE AUTOMATED MACHINES, BUT ALSO MORE ADVANCED, EFFICIENT AND INTUITIVE WAYS TO CONTROL THEM
Eight Functions in One
Authors: Pecorari Silvia
Published: January 2023

AN ITALIAN CUSTOM-DESIGNED HYDROSTATIC TRANSMISSION OFFERS PERFORMANCE, EFFICIENCY AND COMPACTNESS
Planting Seeds of Engine Efficiency
Authors: Ciliberti Emanuela
Published: January 2023

A NEW MODULAR ENGINE IN THREE DIFFERENT VERSIONS OFFERS A COMPACT YET PRODUCTIVE SOLUTION, AND HELPS US GLIMPSE THE FUTURE OF POWERTRAINS
Tailored to Your Needs
Authors: Ercoli Ilaria
Published: January 2023

COUPLING SOLUTIONS FROM FASTER OFFER A SELF-CONFIGURATION SOLUTION THAT ENSURES GREAT FLEXIBILITY AND CHOICE FOR THE CUSTOMER
Custom-made acetabular revision arthroplasty for pelvic discontinuity: Can we handle the challenge?
Authors: Faraj Sayf , de Windt Tommy S. , van Hooff Miranda L. , van Hellemondt Gijs G. , Spruit Maarten
Published: January 2023

Aims

The aim of this study was to assess the clinical and radiological results of patients who were revised using a custom-made triflange acetabular component (CTAC) for component loosening and pelvic discontinuity (PD) after previous total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Methods

Data were extracted from a single centre prospective database of patients with PD who were treated with a CTAC. Patients were included if they had a follow-up of two years. The Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS), modified Oxford Hip Score (mOHS), EurQol EuroQoL five-dimension three-level (EQ-5D-3L) utility, and Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), including visual analogue score (VAS) for pain, were gathered at baseline, and at one- and two-year follow-up. Reasons for revision, and radiological and clinical complications were registered. Trends over time are described and tested for significance and clinical relevance.

Results

A total of 18 females with 22 CTACs who had a mean age of 73.5 years (SD 7.7) were included. A significant improvement was found in HOOS (p < 0.0001), mOHS (p < 0.0001), EQ-5D-3L utility (p = 0.003), EQ-5D-3L NRS (p = 0.013), VAS pain rest (p = 0.008), and VAS pain activity (p < 0.0001) between baseline and final follow-up. Minimal clinically important improvement in mOHS and the HOOS Physical Function Short Form (HOOS-PS) was observed in 16 patients (73%) and 14 patients (64%), respectively. Definite healing of the PD was observed in 19 hips (86%). Complications included six cases with broken screws (27%), four cases (18%) with bony fractures, and one case (4.5%) with sciatic nerve paresthesia. One patient with concurrent bilateral PD had revision surgery due to recurrent dislocations. No revision surgery was performed for screw failure or implant breakage.

Conclusion

CTAC in patients with THA acetabular loosening and PD can result in stable constructs and significant improvement in functioning and health-related quality of life at two years' follow-up. Further follow-up is necessary to determine the mid- to long-term outcome. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2023;4(2):53–61.
The Value of Medical Humanities in Medical Education : Focusing on the History of Medicine
Authors: Kwon Ivo
Published: January 2023

The history of medicine has been continuously devaluated in medical education but its importance should not be ignored as for other medical humanities. The educational value of the history of medicine could be summarized as follows ; it allows the students 1) to understand the humane aspect of medicine by telling them how medicine has dealt with human health-disease phenomena in each era of the human history. 2) to improve the professionalism by recognizing that medicine is a profession with a long tradition that dates back to the Hippocratic era 3) to improve current medical practice by understanding the limitations and uncertainties of medicine. 4) to understanding the historical changes of the disease phenomena 5) to develop the basic competence of learned intellectual. 6) to integrate the tradition of their own institutions with themselves.
Introduction of America’s Health Systems Science Education and Its Criticism
Authors: KIM Taekjoong
Published: January 2023

Recently, Korean medical education circles have proposed a fullscale introduction of America’s health systems science to replace the existing medical humanities education in Korea. The so-called Flexner education system, formed in the early 20th century, was centered on basic and clinical sciences. America’s health systems science education was introduced to supplement the system. The full-scale introduction of health systems science has been promoted, mainly by the Korean Association of Medical Colleges. However, it does not fit into the current circumstance of Korean medical education circles. It is deemed that there are political reasons behind the push – the alignment of interests between the medical education circles and the government.
This study first examined the social and cultural circumstances behind the emergence of health systems science in America, focusing on pragmatism, a native American ideology, to critique the background of the introduction of the American system. It also discussed the negative aspects of pragmatism in American medical education in the cases of American educators Ralph Tyler and Abraham Flexner. Then, it specifically examined the background and reasons for introducing America’s health systems science to Korea and discussed the problems of directly introducing the health systems science to Korea without any adaptation process through a comparative analysis with existing medical humanities. Finally, it suggested a more desirable adaptation form of health systems science that can be considered for its implementation in Korea.
Integrated photonics on the dielectrically loaded lithium niobate on insulator platform
Authors: Han Xu , Yuan Mingrui , Xiao Huifu , Ren Guanghui , Nguyen Thach Giang , Boes Andreas , Su Yikai , Mitchell Arnan , Tian Yonghui
Published: January 2023

Thin-film lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) is emerging as one of the promising platforms for integrated photonics due to the excellent material properties of lithium niobate, which includes a strong electro-optic effect, high second-order optical nonlinearity, a large optical transparency window, and low material loss. Although direct etching of lithium niobate has been adopted more widely in recent years, it remains to be seen if it will be adopted in foundry processes due to the incompatibility with standard CMOS fabrication processes. Thus, the scalability of the LNOI platform is currently still limited when compared with other platforms such as silicon photonics. Dielectrically loaded LNOI waveguides may present an alternative. These waveguides have been used to demonstrate a range of optical components with a simplified fabrication process while demonstrating competitive performance. In this contribution, we review the recent progress in dielectrically loaded LNOI waveguides, summarize the advantages and disadvantages of different loading materials, compare the performance of different platforms, and discuss the future of these platforms for photonic integrated circuits.
Near-field manipulation of Tamm plasmon polaritons
Authors: Li Nannan , Zou Qi , Zhao Bo , Min Changjun , Yuan Xiaocong , Somekh Michael , Feng Fu
Published: January 2023

Tamm plasmon polaritons (TPPs) arise from electromagnetic resonant phenomena which appear at the interface between a metallic film and a distributed Bragg reflector. They differ from surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), since TPPs possess both cavity mode properties and surface plasmon characteristics. In this paper, the propagation properties of TPPs are carefully investigated. With the aid of nanoantenna couplers, polarization-controlled TPP waves can propagate directionally. By combining nanoantenna couplers with Fresnel zone plates, asymmetric double focusing of TPP wave is observed. Moreover, radial unidirectional coupling of the TPP wave can be achieved when the nanoantenna couplers are arranged along a circular or a spiral shape, which shows superior focusing ability compared to a single circular or spiral groove since the electric field intensity at the focal point is 4 times larger. In comparison with SPPs, TPPs possess higher excitation efficiency and lower propagation loss. The numerical investigation shows that TPP waves have great potential in integrated photonics and on-chip devices.
Metamaterials-based broadband absorption in long-wave infrared frequency enabled by multilayered ENZ films on metal-coated patterned silicon
Authors: Li Jiacheng , Liu Shuang , Wu Shenglan , Zhong Zhiyong
Published: January 2023

Large-scale, and high-throughput produced devices with strong ultrabroadband absorption and high angular tolerance are in demand for applications such as thermal imaging, energy harvesting, and radiative cooling. Despite long-standing efforts in design and fabrication, it has been challenging to achieve all these desired properties simultaneously. Here, we create a metamaterial-based infrared absorber fabricated from thin films of epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) materials grown on metal-coated patterned silicon substrates that exhibit ultrabroadband infrared absorption in both p- and s-polarization at angles ranging from 0° to 40°. The results show that the structured multilayered ENZ films exhibit high absorption (> 0.9) covering the entire 8∼14 µm wavelengths. In addition, the structured surface can be realized via scalable, low-cost methods on large-area substrates. Overcoming the limitations on angular and polarized response improves performance for applications such as thermal camouflage, radiative cooling for solar cell, thermal image and et., al.
maxATAC: Genome-scale transcription-factor binding prediction from ATAC-seq with deep neural networks
Authors: Cazares Tareian A. , Rizvi Faiz W. , Iyer Balaji , Chen Xiaoting , Kotliar Michael , Bejjani Anthony T. , Wayman Joseph A. , Donmez Omer , Wronowski Benjamin , Parameswaran Sreeja , Kottyan Leah C. , Barski Artem , Weirauch Matthew T. , Prasath V. B. Surya , Miraldi Emily R.
Published: January 2023

Transcription factors read the genome, fundamentally connecting DNA sequence to gene expression across diverse cell types. Determining how, where, and when TFs bind chromatin will advance our understanding of gene regulatory networks and cellular behavior. The 2017 ENCODE-DREAM in vivo Transcription-Factor Binding Site (TFBS) Prediction Challenge highlighted the value of chromatin accessibility data to TFBS prediction, establishing state-of-the-art methods for TFBS prediction from DNase-seq. However, the more recent Assay-for-Transposase-Accessible-Chromatin (ATAC)-seq has surpassed DNase-seq as the most widely-used chromatin accessibility profiling method. Furthermore, ATAC-seq is the only such technique available at single-cell resolution from standard commercial platforms. While ATAC-seq datasets grow exponentially, suboptimal motif scanning is unfortunately the most common method for TFBS prediction from ATAC-seq. To enable community access to state-of-the-art TFBS prediction from ATAC-seq, we (1) curated an extensive benchmark dataset (127 TFs) for ATAC-seq model training and (2) built “maxATAC”, a suite of user-friendly, deep neural network models for genome-wide TFBS prediction from ATAC-seq in any cell type. With models available for 127 human TFs, maxATAC is the largest collection of high-performance TFBS prediction models for ATAC-seq. maxATAC performance extends to primary cells and single-cell ATAC-seq, enabling improved TFBS prediction in vivo. We demonstrate maxATAC’s capabilities by identifying TFBS associated with allele-dependent chromatin accessibility at atopic dermatitis genetic risk loci.
Interactive multi-model fault diagnosis method of switched reluctance motor based on low delay anti-interference
Authors: Zhou Yongqin , Wang Chongchong , Wang Yongchao , Wang Yubin , Chang Yujia
Published: January 2023

Given fault false alarm and fault control failure caused by the decrease of fault identification accuracy and fault delay of Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) power converter in complex working conditions, a method based on the Interactive Multi-Model (IMM) algorithm was proposed in this paper. Besides, the corresponding equivalent circuit models were established according to the different working states of the SRM power converter. The Kalman filter was employed to estimate the state of the model, and the fault detection and location were realized depending on the residual signal. Additionally, a transition probability correction function of the IMM was constructed using the difference of the n-th order to suppress the influence of external disturbance on the fault diagnosis accuracy. Concurrently, a model jump threshold was introduced to reduce delay when the matched model was switched, so as to realize the rapid separation of faults and effective fault control. The simulation and experiment results demonstrate that the IMM algorithm based on low delay anti-interference can effectively reduce the influence of complex working conditions, improve the anti-interference ability of SRM power converter fault diagnosis, and identify fault information accurately and quickly.
Methodological proposal to identify the nationality of Twitter users through random-forests
Authors: Quijano Damián , Gil-Herrera Richard
Published: January 2023

We disclose a methodology to determine the participants in discussions and their contributions in social networks with a local relationship (e.g., nationality), providing certain levels of trust and efficiency in the process. The dynamic is a challenge that has demanded studies and some approximations to recent solutions. The study addressed the problem of identifying the nationality of users in the Twitter social network before an opinion request (of a political nature and social participation). The employed methodology classifies, via machine learning, the Twitter users’ nationality to carry out opinion studies in three Central American countries. The Random Forests algorithm is used to generate classification models with small training samples, using exclusively numerical characteristics based on the number of times that different interactions among users occur. When averaging the proportions achieved by inferences of the ratio of nationals of each country, in the initial data, an average of 77.40% was calculated, compared to 91.60% averaged after applying the automatic classification model, an average increase of 14.20%. In conclusion, it can be seen that the suggested set of method provides a reasonable approach and efficiency in the face of opinion problems.
Comparison of chemical-induced temporomandibular osteoarthritis rat models (monosodium iodoacetate versus collagenase type II) for the study of prolonged drug delivery systems
Authors: Barry Florent , Chai Feng , Chijcheapaza-Flores Henry , Garcia-Fernandez Maria José , Blanchemain Nicolas , Nicot Romain
Published: January 2023

Objective

To compare two agents that can induce a rat model of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) by chemical induction: monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) and collagenase type 2 (Col-2). We wished to ascertain the best agent for assessing drug-delivery systems (DDSs).

Method

Male Wistar rats underwent intra-articular injection with MIA or Col-2. They were manipulated for 30 days. The head withdrawal threshold (HWT), immunohistological assessment, and positron emission tomography (PET) were used to evaluate the relevance of our models.

Results

For both the MIA and Col-2 groups, pain persisted for 30 days after injection. Change in the HWT showed that Col-2 elicited a strong action initially that decreased progressively. MIA had a constant action upon pain behavior. Histology of TMJ tissue from both groups showed progressive degradation of TMJ components.

Conclusions

MIA and Col-2 induced orofacial pain by their local chemical action on TMJs. However, based on a prolonged and greater sustained effect on the pain threshold, persistent histological changes, and imaging results, MIA appeared to be more suitable for creation of a rat model of TMJOA for the study of DDSs.
Digital Fandom 2.0: New Media Studies, Paul Booth (2017)
Authors: Rogers Laurel P.
Published: January 2023

Review of: Digital Fandom 2.0: New Media Studies, Paul Booth (2017)

Bern: Peter Lang Press, 284 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-4331-3150-9, p/bk, $54.95
Triple Helix interactions in a rural context: The case study of a regional business incubator
Authors: Marques João Paulo Coelho , Vorontsova Nataliia
Published: January 2023

This study explores the relationships within university-industry-government interactions, with specific reference to the business incubator of Penela, Portugal. It describes the formal, informal and human resource links between the sample of thirteen firms based in the incubator and universities, as well as the relations between Penela Town Council and the incubator. The impact of all these linkages on the development of the biotechnology and agricultural sectors is considered. The results confirm that the dynamics of the relations between the Triple Helix actors led to the emergence of the Penela Incubator. The latter operates as a mechanism of knowledge/technology transfer and stimulates cooperation between the university and industry, which is characterized by mostly informal links. In addition, the research revealed that these interactions had a positive impact on the development of the region, resulting in the creation of companies and the introduction of innovative products.
Raízes do Censo Consignativo: Para a história do crédito medieval português
Authors: Costa Mário Júlio de Almeida
Published: January 2023

Dissertação de concurso para Professor extraordinário da Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de Coimbra.
Intercambios transnacionales entre Madrás y Manila
Authors: Herrero García Diego
Published: January 2023

Hasta la fecha, la historiografía sobre los intercambios mercantiles articulados en torno a la Manila española durante la Edad Moderna ha dejado en buena medida de lado las conexiones con el subcontinente indio, señaladamente con la región litoral de Coromandel. A través del estudio simultáneo de fuentes documentales, iconográficas y relatos de viajes asociados tanto al mundo colonial filipino-español como al indo-británico, se aspira a dilucidar, con nuevos datos y bajo las perspectivas de la historia transnacional, la cuestión de los vínculos comerciales entre Filipinas y Coromandel en el siglo que media entre 1650 y 1750 en sus dimensiones material, histórico-cronológica y social. En base a los resultados obtenidos, el presente artículo plantea la existencia pretérita de un verdadero sistema indo-pacífico, articulado sobre la base del eje Madrás-Manila y en el marco de un sistema mundo policéntrico; al tiempo que apunta posibles futuras líneas de trabajo.
paz de Utrecht y la reforma militar de Felipe V
Authors: Saavedra Vázquez María del Carmen
Published: January 2023

El estudio de los cambios experimentados por el ejército borbónico tras la paz de Utrecht constituye el objetivo de este artículo, que se apoya en el análisis de la documentación referida a Galicia conservada en el Archivo General de Simancas (informes y correspondencia de la secretaría de Guerra, contabilidades militares, hojas de servicio) y en diversos archivos municipales. El texto profundiza en el proceso de reformación de las fuerzas que participaron en la guerra de Sucesión y en las reformas desarrolladas en tiempos de Alberoni, temáticas que han recibido escasa atención de los investigadores hasta la fecha. En concreto, el artículo revisa la reforma de los tercios gallegos en 1715 y las modificaciones de la planta militar, prestando particular atención a los efectos del restablecimiento de la Intendencia en 1718. Dicho estudio permite concluir que las reformas efectuadas entre 1713 y 1720 se aplicaron con flexibilidad y dejando espacio a los particularismos, lo que otorga especial interés a dicha etapa y obliga a reconsiderar la imagen homogénea del ejército de Felipe V.
Izsáki/y Margit Ország a keresztfán (1945) című műve a szerző zavaros
politikai identitásainak kontextusában
Authors: Vasvári Louise
Published: January 2023

Amint azt ennek a lapnak az előbbi számában is írtam, Fehér Lili Nem
ér a nevem: egy szökött zsidó naplója című, 1945-ben megjelent művének
elemzésemben, a világháború után íródott magyar női
visszaemlékezés-irodalom igen hamar kiestek a kulturális emlékezetből.
Célom az, hogy elősegítsem, hogy helyesebben ítéljük meg, milyen
változatosak és összetettek is voltak a női élettörténet-írás által
létrehozott tanúságtételek, mivel ezeknek a marginálizált történeteknek a
gender-központú olvasata betekintést nyújthat abba, hogy a társadalmi nem
hogyan befolyásolja a háborús idők traumatikus élményeit. Itt most Izsáki
Margitnak a szintén 1945-ben írt Ország a keresztfán című művéről fogok
szólni. Fehér és Izsáki is főleg arról írt, hogy mi történt a háborús
Budapesten 1944-ben. De míg Fehér a saját személyes élményeit írta meg,
Izsáki a kívülálló szemtanú hangján, zsurnalisztikus stílusban írt,
leginkább a többiek – zsidók és nem-zsidók – tragikus sorsáról, a saját
életéről pedig egyes szám harmadik személyben és szándékosan homályosan
beszélt. Izsák háborús elbeszéléseinek elemzésén túl kísérletet teszek arra
is, hogy legalább töredékeiben rekonstruáljam életet és gender identitását,
hogy lett a Belsőerzsébetvárosi lánybol erdélyi színésznő, írófeleség,
jobboldali újságíró, a magyar háborús bűnök dokumentálója, végül az
Asszonyok kommunista szerkesztője. Ez a cikk a Fehér Liliről szóló korábbi
irásal együtt olvasandó.
Outcome of Concurrent Chemoradiation after Induction Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma - A Prospective Study among Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Center in Kerala, India
Authors: Preeya Vasanthakumary  , Binitha Tresa Thomas  , Devi Mohan
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND

Concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT) is the standard of care for locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LAHNSCC). In settings with considerable waiting period for radiation, institutional protocols advocate induction chemotherapy before CCRT. This study aimed to assess the outcome of concurrent chemoradiation after induction of chemotherapy among patients with LAHNSCC attending a tertiary care radiotherapy center in Kerala, India.

METHODS

Patients with non-metastatic LAHNSCC (stage 111 and 1V) with good performance score of 0-1 who received induction chemotherapy (with docetaxel 75mg/m2and cisplatin 75 mg/m2, day 1 and 5-fluorouracil 750 mg/m2, day 1 and 2 as infusion every 3 weeks for 3 cycles) followed by CCRT (with concurrent cisplatin 40 mg/m2 weekly) were selected for the study. CCRT was administered only to those patients who showed more than 30 % response to induction chemotherapy. They were followed up for 24 months. The primary end point was the clinical response assessed by ENT evaluation 8 weeks after the completion of CCRT.

RESULTS

117 patients with LAHNSCC were enrolled. Four patients (3.4 %) dropped out after induction therapy. Out of 113 patients who initiated concurrent chemo radiation, two patients (1.7 %) dropped out while on CCRT, two patients (1.7 %) were intolerant to CCRT and two patients (1.7 %) left soon after CCRT. 107 patients were available for follow up after treatment completion. Acute toxicities were noticed in 9 (7.7 %) while on induction treatment. Mucositis occurred in 1 (0.9 %), haematological toxicities in 4 (3.4 %), gastrointestinal toxicities in 2 (1.7 %) and fatigue and malaise in 2 (1.7 %). In patients who underwent concurrent chemo radiation, 53 (49.03 %) had acute mucosal, skin, GIT and haematological toxicities. On treatment completion, 82 patients (70.1 %) had complete response, 24 (20.5 %) had partial response and one (0.9 %) had stable disease. During the follow up period of 24 months, locoregional failure (relapse) was noted in 15 patients (12.8 %) while 61 patients (52.1 %) remained disease free. Organ preservation rate was 53.4 % for laryngeal primaries. 4 patients (3.4 %) developed distant metastases during the follow up.

CONCLUSIONS

Induction chemotherapy with docetaxel containing regime followed by concurrent chemoradiation was associated with good clinical response and acceptable toxicity profile.
Tracheobronchomegaly (Mounier-Kuhn Syndrome) in Old Age - A Case Report
Authors: Khawaja Bilal Waheed  , Jawad Nasser  , Raghad Hamdi Alsaidalani  , Zubair Ahmed
Published: January 2023

Tracheobronchomegaly or Mounier-Kuhn syndrome is a rare condition affecting the airways and is characterized by dilatation of the trachea and major bronchi secondary to atrophic or absent elastic fibres of the cartilage and thinning of the muscles.[1] The abnormally enlarged flaccid portions of the bronchial tree collapse and fail to maintain patency during expiration and coughing, predisposing the patient to stagnation of contents and recurrent lower respiratory tract infections, emphysema, bronchiectasis and chronic pulmonary suppuration.[2] The diagnosis is usually made on basis of specific radiographic features,[3] particularly on computed tomography (CT) scan. We report a case of a 69-year-old man who presented with recurrent lower respiratory tract infections and was found to have tracheobronchomegaly as an underlying primary airway abnormality on imaging and bronchoscopy that was initially undiagnosed.