bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Military Conscription in the 21st Century: Obsolescence or Relevance?
Authors: Lee Glenn , Han Ja Kyung
Published: April 2023

Post Russian invasion of Ukraine, questions about conscription have come into focus, prompting questions about military readiness and the value of such a policy. In analyzing the policy, international relations theories can act as a useful framework, and help elucidate conflict dynamics. In particular, Realism and Liberalism have contrasting depictions of the world, with the former characterizing it as an anarchic system in which states compete for power and security and the latter as a system in which states allay tensions through cooperation. This research draws upon these theories as it uses hypothesis testing—t-tests, ANOVA, and chi-squared statistics—to investigate the different attributes of countries as they relate to conscription policies. A wide range of variables were chosen including military expenditure, imports and exports, the Human Development Index, and the EIU Democracy Index in order to test statistically significant differences through the aforementioned tools. Overall, this research finds that both realist and liberal theories have explanatory power and provide insight into how desire for hard and soft power may impact decisions to enact and maintain conscription policies. Data and graphs were interpreted alongside such concepts in order to reach this conclusion.
Building an AI-enhanced organic island with Brassica juncea seeds to counter eutrophication
Authors: Urs Ayush , Vashisht Jeet , Seshadri Sriram , Subbaiyan Srinivasan Gautham , Prabhakaran Lakshmi
Published: April 2023

Decontaminating water bodies has always been a problem in terms of developing and maintaining solutions. Our eutrophication solution is an organic island made of coconut husk(Cocos nucifera) and Indian Mustard(Brassica juncea) plants. It uses remediation techniques, such as phytoremediation and adsorption. Eutrophication primarily stems from human-induced causes such as poor sewage treatment and fertilizer overuse, which results in excess phosphate and nitrate ions accumulating in water bodies. This can have severe consequences, including algal bloom, and a reduction in aquaculture. Our investigation was done over a 21-day period, during which the concentration of phosphate ions was reduced, alleviating one factor that causes eutrophication. There were 3 tanks (A, B, and C): A contained the island and the plants, B contained only the island, and C was a control that contained neither. A Phosphate ion water testing kit was used to measure phosphate ion concentration in the sample contaminated water over a 21 day period. Each phosphate ion test produced a color of a different wavelength. Using a Vernier colorimeter, the percentage of transmittance was measured for each trial. Using the Beer-Lambert Law, the concentration values were obtained, which supported our hypothesis: A and B experienced a substantial increase in transmittance levels, whereas C experienced no change. The Pearson correlation test showed a positive correlation, hence phosphate ions were absorbed at a constant rate. Our solution also uses AI (Bellman equation) to analyze regions with the greatest phosphate ion concentration, where sensors and motors are present for maneuverability.
Neurodegenerative Diseases and Potential Early Detection Methods
Authors: MAHESH Nitya , Donati Robert
Published: April 2023

Neurodegenerative diseases create a significant financial and emotional toll on society. Prion diseases are a type of progressive neurodegenerative diseases that are irreversible and fatal. They are characterized by long incubation periods and defective protein folding that make them infectious.  Other neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson’s also have similar characteristics and are hence called prion-like diseases. Historically, these diseases were unable to be clearly diagnosed until significant progression had taken place. In fact, many diagnoses were not made until post mortem examination was performed. Early detection of these diseases is key to finding a cure. Other bodily structures could possibly reveal clues related to the presence of neurodegenerative disease. In this review, we introduce and explain the nature of the diseases, current detection methods and the future of early detection methods.
Are Collectivist Societies Better at Managing National Crisis?
Authors: Sun Edward , Callender Lisa
Published: April 2023

Based on the cultural psychology literature, we investigate which type of society is more effective in response to national crisis by comparing four aspects of individualistic and collectivistic states – sense of unity, conspiracy theories, political policy, and technology advancement. Our analysis suggests that the stronger psychological sense of unity and lower impact of conspiracy theories in collectivist societies leads to stronger support for government policies, resulting in more efficient response to national crisis in the short term. However, these features in collectivist nationals may suppress creativity and technology advancement, which compromise their effectiveness in combating national crisis in the long run.
An Analysis of the Effectiveness of Integrative Therapies for Chronic Trapezius Pain
Authors: Jhawer Aashi , Boelman Bradley
Published: April 2023

Millions suffer from chronic pain, particularly chronic back pain, but treatment-related research is limited, leading to physician overprescription of highly addictive drugs such as opioids. A common non-pharmacological treatment for chronic pain has been physical therapy, but this study examines a form of Eastern-hemisphere, mind-body techniques known as integrative therapies as a potential treatment for chronic pain in the trapezius. This study primarily analyzes acupuncture, massage therapy, and Ayurveda, three integrative therapies, to determine whether they are effective in treating chronic trapezius pain. Since integrative therapies have a large psychological component, the study also focuses on identifying whether perception of integrative therapies can influence its effectiveness and what factors can impact this perception. Through a series of interviews conducted with pain specialists, the study determines that massage therapy and Ayurveda are comparable to or more effective than physical therapy as chronic trapezius pain treatments, but the success of the therapy is dependent on the patient’s psychological perception of it. The study then conducted a survey of the general population, which revealed that while experience with integrative therapies does not appear to impact one’s perception of integrative therapy, those from an Asian/Middle Eastern background perceive integrative treatments differently and potentially perceive them as more effective. A better perception of integrative therapies leads to greater success with this treatment. These findings demonstrate that education of integrative therapies should be more widespread to counter stereotypes and misconceptions so that chronic pain treatment is, overall, more effective.
Mechanisms of Aging from a Genetic, Molecular and Lifestyle Perspective.
Authors: Zheng Alex
Published: April 2023

Aging is an evitable part of the lives of every organism. However, many organisms are capable of bending the rules and experience an increased longevity. Among these are turtles, elephants, whales and most importantly – humans. Definition for the discussion of anti-aging and longevity is presented alongside a historic analysis of the reasons for this venture. An examination of the adaptations of both short-lived, such as the mayfly, and long-lived organisms like turtles, the naked mole rat Heterocephalus glaber and the American lobster Homarus americanus for their possible human applications. Several studies on the genetics and molecular basis of longevity are presented and debated upon. Finally, there is an examination of possible cultural lifestyle effects on longevity, such as one’s environmental stresses, diet and nutrition, and physical activity. Overall, showing that a combination of genetic, molecular and lifestyle factors strongly affect and allow one to surpass the typical life expectancy.
Optimization of Pediatric Cancer Diagnosis with Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs)
Authors: Saluja Simran , Appavu Rajagopal , Kethar Jo
Published: April 2023

In today’s world, technology has become much more prevalent in the world of medicine. Growing fields like biotechnology and artificial intelligence are helping save and improve lives in ways that we couldn’t have imagined just 40, 50 years ago. Some of the most common examples of this today are prosthetics and using artificial intelligence in radiology. In the past few years, artificial intelligence technology has been advancing and scientists have begun to research whether deep learning algorithms like convolutional neural networks can be used to help detect signs of and diagnose cancer. Specifically, a growing research field refers to using deep learning and CNN models to detect pediatric cancer, one of the hardest cancers to detect based on symptoms. In this paper, it will be discussed whether deep learning algorithms are effective in use for the detection or diagnosis of pediatric cancers.
Can Stress Cause Cancer?
Authors: NATARAJ TRISHA , Kethar Jothsna
Published: April 2023

Stress is how people react when they feel under pressure or threatened. Stress typically occurs when people are in a situation that they do not feel they can manage or control. Today, more than ever, people of all ages and backgrounds experience stress which can have many negative effects on the body. Stress’ effect on the body is harmful no matter what form it is in. However, the longer that stress is present in the body, the more harmful it becomes. Stress slowly weakens the immune system and the rest of the body’s systems in different ways making the body more susceptible to certain diseases. This paper uses research done on stress’ affect on the body and the health conditions people are more prone to develop if they are stressed, to identify if stress can cause someone to develop cancer. Along with this, the paper also uses research to describe the different effects the two different forms of stress have on the body and how chronic or long-term stress affects the body systems at a larger scale in comparison to acute or short-term stress. Using this paper one can conclude that stress alone cannot directly cause a person to develop cancer, however, stress weakens the immune system and negatively affects the body making a person more prone to developing cancer. The aim of this paper is to identify how stress’ affect on the body can lead to the development of cancer and cause cancer to spread in those with cancer.
Prospects for the natural uranium world market
Authors: Egorova Irina
Published: April 2023

Various scenarios for development of the world uranium industry are considered, and an assumption is made of a high probability of the rapid growth scenario, according to the IAEA, which assumes an annual growth rate of the total nuclear power plants (NPPs) capacity of 2-2.5%. Based on this forecast, an assessment is made of capabilities of the uranium world mineral base to meet the NPPs needs in the nuclear fuel. It is demonstrated that only the restoration of production at temporary closed down mining enterprises, the growth of output at existing mines, and using secondary sources of uranium guarantee a sufficient amount of the raw materials to meet the demand for uranium in the next decade. Moreover, the shortage of raw materials for nuclear fuel in the near future may again be replaced by its excess. However, by the end of the current or early next decade, due to the depletion of the resource base of some operating mines, including Four Mile and Cigar Lake in Canada, the capacities of mining enterprises will be insufficient to meet the fuel needs of NPPs. A shortage of uranium may appear again, that will grow rapidly in the future. This will mean a new round of growth in prices for natural uranium, which, in turn, will stimulate an increase in uranium production throughout the world and will expand the prospects for the implementation of projects for the development of new uranium deposits in Russia, primarily Argunskoe and Zherlovoe in the Streltsovskoe uranium ore region
Composition and gold-bearing potential of Neogene deposits
in the middle reaches of the Selennyakh river,
Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
Authors: Vladimirtseva Olga , Konoplev Victor , Bereznev Mikhail
Published: April 2023

Because of significant exhaustion of known easily accessible gold placers, revealing new such objects is becoming increasingly important. Several gold placer clusters are situated in the region of the Selennyakh River in the middle course of the Indigirka River. They are mainly located along the left bank of the Selennyakh River, in its upper reaches. The right banks of the Selennyakh River, especially in its middle course, remain poorly studied. However, the presence of halos of panned gold concentrates with no obvious relation to probable primary sources of gold, revealed in the 1970s-80s, is a reason for this area to be studied as a gold-bearing one. The article presents results of the 2020-2021 panned heavy mineral concentrate sampling within the Vetvistyi site in the middle reaches of the Selennyakh River, provides a characteristic of the alluvial gold typomorphism, and gives a description of the Neogene deposits drained by the Vetvistyi Stream. The belonging of the Neogene deposits to the Uyandina Formation that fills the Momo-Selennyakh depression has been confirmed. Potentially commercial gold-bearing potential of the Vetvistyi Stream and its tributaries has been substantiated, and gold particles (signs) have been revealed in the Neogene deposits of the Uyandina Formation
The mineral composition and formation conditions of quartz-beryl mineralization of the Pervomaiskoe molybdenum deposit, Dzhida ore field, Southwestern Transbaikalian region
Authors: Sazhina Tatyana , Damdinova Ludmila , Damdinov Bulat
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to determination of the mineral composition, physicochemical parameters, and sources of the substance of quartz-beryl mineralization of the Pervomaiskoe ore deposit, that is distinguished as an independent stage of the mineral formation. The main minerals are quartz and beryl; phenakite has first been identified for the Pervomaiskoe deposit. Ore minerals are represented by molybdenite, pyrite, and rare grains of cassiterite, chalcopyrite, rutile, aikinite, wulfenite, columbite, monazite, and xenotime. Results of studying the fluid inclusions have showed that homogenization temperatures of the fluid inclusions in the beryl vary in the range from 265 to 191°C. The ore-forming solutions are characterized by a low salinity of 5.9-8.6 NaCl equiv. Homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions in the quartz correspond to 281-250°C. Data on the isotopic composition show the participation of meteoric waters in the ore-forming process.
ESTILO DE VIDA Y FACTORES DE RIESGO CARDIOVASCULAR EN ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS
Authors:   Cátedra Metodología de la Investigación Científica. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina, Manni Diego , Yorio Marccelo , Lagrutta Nicolás , Marchesán Mariana , Saurín Sofía , Martinelli Marcela ,   Cátedra de Semiología FCM, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba y FCM, Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero, Argentina,   Médico Residente del Hospital Centenario de Rosario, Argentina,   Estudiante de la carrera de Medicina en la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina,   Área Nutrición. Química Biológica, Metabolismo y Nutrición. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
Published: April 2023

Introduction: The beginning of university studies is associated with changes in lifestyle that could create predisposition to the appearance of cardiovascular risk factors. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between two-year changes in the lifestyle and incident elevated Blood Pressure (BP) and central obesity in university students. Materials and Methods: First-year medical students were evaluated in 2017 and 2019. Waist circumference and BP were assessed. A Lifestyle Score (HOLS) was applied that included Body Mass Index, plus four behavioral factors: smoking, alcohol use, fruit/vegetable consumption, and physical activity. Multivariate logistic regression was used with BP and waist circumference in 2019 as dependent variable and HOLS change between 2017 and 2019 as the primary predictor. Results: The prevalence of borderline BP was higher in men than in women in 2017 and unchanged in 2019. The proportion of students with abdominal obesity did not change. In 2017, in both sexes, excess weight, low consumption of fruits and vegetables and little physical activity were highlighted. This determined a low HOLS score (6.2). After two years a decrease in the score was observed in both sexes. A two-year decrease in HOLS was associated with significantly greater odds of incident central obesity as compared to stable HOLS. No associations were observed between variations in HOLS and BP. Conclusion: The applied score is a tool to evaluate the lifestyle of the students. A decrease in HOLS was associated with an increased risk of central obesity. Key words: Lifestyle; blood pressure; central obesity; student.
RIESGO DE DEFICIENCIA DE VITAMINA D EN PACIENTES PEDIÁTRICOS CON PARÁLISIS CEREBRAL QUE RECIBEN NUTRICIÓN ENTERAL DOMICILIARIA
Authors:   RIANA. Red Interdisciplinaria de Atención Nutricional Ambulatoria, Garrido Verónica , Cabral Ana , Hassan Amal , Cosentino Sandra , Hernández Julieta , Shaieb Agustín , Fasano María Victoria , Gonzalez Horacio F , Fernández Adriana ,   Centro de Matemática de La Plata, Departamento de Matemática, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, UNLP/CICPBA
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies are frequent complications in patients with cerebral palsy (CP). Objective: to analyze the levels of vitamin D (VitD) in CP patients receiving Home Enteral Nutrition (HEN). Material and Methods: Retrospective analytical cross-sectional study. CP patients, from 2 to 18 years old, with measured VitD at the end of winter 2021, were included. The following study variables were analyzed: sex, age, disability by Gross Motor Scale (GMS), nutritional status, antiepileptic drugs, formula, VitD intake, volume, access route, basal energy expenditure (BEE), according to Schofield P/T. They were grouped: Group I (GI VitD ≥ 30 ng/ml) GII (VitD ≤ 29 ng/ml). Results: 34 CP patients were included, 15 female (44.11 %), mean age 10.87 years (SD 4.78), all grade V (GMS). The mean BMI Z score (WHO) was -1.33 (SD 3.14). EN was daily in all, 33 due to gastrostomy and 1 due to SNG. The average contribution 1270 Kcal (DS243), 1.16 (Kcal received according to Schofield). The formulas provided 80 % of the VitD requirement. VitD blood levels showed: 16 patients (47 %) ≥ 30 ng/ml and 18 (52 %) ≤ 29 ng/ml. 14 (41.17 %) were deficient and 4 insufficient (11.76 %). 59 % (20) of the patients received anticonvulsant medication. No significant differences were found between G1 and G2 for sex, age, BMI Z score, VitD intake, calories received/GMB and anticonvulsant medication. Conclusion: The high percentage of pediatric CP patients with suboptimal levels of Vit D shows that it is a population at risk and suggests the need for systematic check-up for adequate prevention and treatment. Key words: Cerebral Palsy; Nutrition; Vitamin D; Home Enteral Nutrition.
Proficient Intrusion Detection System using Machine Learning using Machine Learning
Authors: Joel Emmanuel Mulepa  , Dr Glorindal Selvam
Published: April 2023

With the ever-growing dependence on computer networks for various purposes, network security has become a crucial aspect. Proficient Network Intrusion Detection System (PNIDS) is an essential component of network security infrastructure that helps to detect and prevent unauthorized access and malicious activities on the network. The primary objective of this project is to design and implement a Network Intrusion Detection System that can detect and prevent network attacks. The system will be built using various techniques such as rule-based detection, anomaly detection, and machine learning-based detection.
Wireless Solar Charging Station and Battery Management using Arduino
Authors: Prof. Priyanka Lohiya  , Rasika Sonone  , Durga Dharpawar  , Mayuri Athavale  , Mayuri Athwar  , Yash Ingle  , Yash Chaturkar  , Dhiraj Bangare
Published: April 2023

Electric-powered vehicles will help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase fuel prices. The main purpose of wireless transmission in electric vehicles is to transfer power over a small distance. The wireless power transmission system consists of a transmitter and receiver part that is separated by a small distance. Wireless transmission technology uses a flexible electromagnetic field. This electric field is created in a free environment that carries a fixed amount of money that creates a magnetic field around it and this field contains energy in it and the EMF is generated between the coils and transmitted to the receiver. BMS is a battery management system. In EV vehicles we use two batteries such as master and slave. The first preference is given to the master battery in BMS. If the master battery charge comes down automatically the relay will switch from battery
Medicinal Leech Therapy: A Compressive Review
Authors: Hemant Gajanan Rathod  , Suraj Rathod  , Nitin Kohale
Published: April 2023

Complementary medicine methods have a long history, but modern medicine has just recently focused on their possible modes of action. Medicinal leech therapy (MLT) or hirudotherapy, an old technique, has been studied by many researchers for possible effects on various diseases such as inflammatory diseases, osteoarthritis, and after different surgeries. Hirudo medicinalis has widest therapeutic usage among the leeches, but worldwide, many different species were tested and studied. Leeches secrete more than 20 identified bioactive substances such as antistasin, eglins, guamerin, hirudin, saratin, bdellins, complement, and carboxypeptidase inhibitors. They have analgesic, anti-inflammatory, platelet inhibitory, anticoagulant, and thrombin regulatory functions, as well as extracellular matrix degradative and antimicrobial effects, but with further studies, the spectrum of effects may widen. The technique is cheap, effective, easy to apply, and its modes of action have been elucidated for certain diseases. In conclusion, for treatment of some diseases, MLT is not an alternative, but is a complementary and/or integrative choice. MLT is a part of multidisciplinary treatments, and secretes various bioactive substances. These substances vary among species and different species should be evaluated for both treatment capability and their particular secreted molecules. There is huge potential for novel substances and these could be future therapeutics
Management of Hypertension in Patients with Diabetes: A Comprehensive Review of the Perceptions and Practices of Health Care Providers in India
Authors: S Ram C Venkata , Mohan V , Pandit Kaushik , Kumar Surender , Sahay Rakesh , John Mathew , Shaikh Shehla , Revankar Santosh , Kumar Neeraj
Published: April 2023

Objectives: This study evaluated the perception and practices of health care providers (physicians, diabetologists, and endocrinologists) regarding the treatment of hypertension in patients with diabetes in India. Methods: Health care providers throughout India who treated patients with diabetes and hypertension were invited to participate in an online survey and periodic 21 virtual meetings. They were questioned about their perception and practices in managing these patients, and strategies to improve blood pressure (BP). Results: The online survey was completed by 2,513 health care providers, and 344 participated in virtual meetings. More than 50% reported that 31–50% of their patients with diabetes also had hypertension. Home BP monitoring was recommended by 88%, and lifestyle modifications were consistently recommended. Choice of antihypertensive treatment varied based on comorbidities, and a renin–angiotensin system blocker plus a calcium channel blocker (CCB) was the most common combination for dual antihypertensive therapy. Suggested strategies to improve BP control included patient awareness/education, lifestyle modifications, better follow-up/monitoring, and optimization of therapy. Conclusion: Indian health care providers were aware of clinical recommendations and practices regarding treatment of patients with diabetes and hypertension, and generally make clinical decisions consistent with current guidelines. Optimization of care for these patients is essential to reduce cardiovascular disease risk and improve patient outcomes.
Retrospective Cohort Observational Study to compare the Effect of Mycobacterium w along with Standard of Care vs Standard of Care alone in critically ill COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Dixit Subhal , Zirpe Kapil , Suryawanshi Prasad , Borawake Kapil , Prasad Sayi , Ambapkar Sourabh , Ambapkar Saavni , Joshi Ameya , Joshi Mukund
Published: April 2023

Background: COVID-19 has created enormous health crisis in India due to limited available treatments. Majority of the physicians use sepsis as a prototype to understand the pathophysiology of COVID-19 as there are similarities. Heat-killed Mycobacterium w (Mw) (Inj. Mw®) is a known immunomodulator, which is approved for the treatment of gram-negative sepsis. This observational study was aimed to evaluate the role of Mw along with standard of care (SOC) in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Methods: Total 448 patients’ data (intervention group: 298 in Mw plus SOC vs 150 in SOC alone) with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) confirmed critically ill COVID-19 patients who were admitted at five tertiary care centers were evaluated. They were observed for changes in laboratory [C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and interleukin-6 (IL-6)] parameters, hospital stay, intensive care unit (ICU) stay, and discharge status after giving 0.3 mL intradermal Mw for 3 consecutive days along with SOC during hospitalization. Standard of care included injectable steroids, remdesivir, and heparin. Data were analyzed using STATA 14.2 (StataCorp., College Station, Texas, USA). Results: In baseline characteristics, Mw plus SOC arm had more critically ill patients as seen by higher high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) score, higher lab values [CRP, ferritin, D-dimer, LDH, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase (ALT)], and more oxygen requirement as compared to SOC alone. Mycobacterium w arm had significantly higher mortality rate in ICU and hospital. Both hospital stay and ICU stay were longer in Mw arm. However, subgroup analysis found that early initiation of Mw (<3 days vs >3 days) was associated with significantly lesser odds of mortality and lesser odds of intubation requirement. Early initiation of Mw (<3 days vs >3 days) also resulted in significantly lesser duration of stay in the ICU along with reduction of CRP, D-dimer, and LDH. Moreover, further analysis of early initiation of Mw (<3 days vs control) resulted in significant reduction in lab values (procalcitonin, CRP, ferritin, LDH, and D-dimer). Conclusion: Mw when added to SOC was found to associate with significantly increased risk of mortality and increased length of hospital stay. However, time since admission to administration of Mw was a significant predictor of in-ICU deaths in multivariate analysis. Early initiation of Mw (<3 days) was observed to be a protective factor against ICU deaths from the multivariate logistic regression model. However, large randomized controlled trials are required to support the same.
Monkeypox: What do we know so far? A short narrative review of literature
Authors: Deshmukh Paulami , Vora Agam , Tiwaskar Mangesh , Joshi Shashank
Published: April 2023

Monkeypox was a zoonotic infection, first detected in parts of northern Africa in the 1970s. Monkeypoxvirus, the causative agent of monkeypox, is a species of genus Orthopoxvirus and is closely related to long-eradicated smallpox caused by variola virus. Outbreaks in the West (in USA, UK, and Ireland) along with periodic re-emergence of the disease in parts of Africa have generated concern among global health bodies due to the existent deficiency of guidelines for management of the disease. Genetic variations and altered mechanisms favoring better survival of the virus have made early identification of the disease during screening difficult, particularly in resource-limited settings like rural areas of Africa. Through evidences gathered from experimental studies conducted after these outbreaks, the virus is known to be transmitted from several animal reservoirs along with human-to-human contact of blood, body fluids, or aerosol. Early diagnosis through immunoassays and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests, although not very specific, allows early treatment and subsequently better patient survival and recovery. Presence of lymphadenopathy along with fever, sore throat, and a vesiculopustular rash is diagnostic. The virus affects the gastrointestinal, hematological, ocular, and respiratory systems, in like manner producing afflictions of the specific system. Treatment, through experimental data, has been preferred to be symptomatic, with the aim to prevent superinfections. Antivirals like cidofovir and tecovirimat have been studied upon and used in clinical trials with favorable outcomes. Antiviral immunoglobulins have also been used with success in certain patients for postexposure prophylaxis.
Migration View on the Demographic Development of the Almaty City
Authors: Rakhmetova R. U. , Kaliyeva S. A.
Published: April 2023

To characterize the demographic development of a particular region, it is necessary not only to determine population growth, but also to expand the subject area of statistical demography and conduct research to identify patterns of natural renewal of the structure of the age composition of the population. For the completeness of the study, methods of statistical and mathematical analysis were used. Official long-term statistical data for Almaty were collected and analyzed. A mathematical model was developed to determine the share of influence of each factor. It is substantiated that the demographic development of the city of Almaty cannot be characterized as a process of reproduction. Causeand-effect relationships of population growth from migration processes are revealed. It is noted that in the city of Almaty there were demographic phenomena typical for large cities of the modern world. It is substantiated that the growth of the population of Almaty does not have a positive impact on the demographic development of the country, but leads to negative consequences (high population density of the city, infrastructure, traffic jams, temporary labor migrants) of the development of the metropolis and the country as a whole. The significance of the results of the study lies in the recommendations for taking measures to limit the movement of internal migration in Almaty and aimed at natural demographic reproduction.
Recurrent osteoma of the mandible: A rare case report
Authors: Maben Sahana , A. Shetty Urvashi , Pradeep Lekshmi , D’Cruz Audrey
Published: April 2023

Osteomas are well-defined osteogenic benign and slow-growing lesions pervaded by proliferation of mature cancellous or compact bone. Osteomas are often undetected until the patient experiences facial disfigurement with functional difficulty and pain.   We present a case report of Recurrent osteoma seen in the mandibular jaw bone of a female patient, treated by surgical excision successfully.
Comparison of different varmam approaches by varmam practitioners of various places in Tamil Nadu in the treatment of thandaga vadham (lumbar spondylosis)
Authors: M. Logisha SriSakthi , G. Nivetha , M. Mustafa Mohamed , T. R. Siddiq Ali , N. J. Muthukumar , V. Mahalakshmi
Published: April 2023

Introduction and Aim: Varmam is a unique technique used by Siddhars and followed by Siddha physicians. The Varmam technique is a double-edged sword as it could be used both positively and negatively and is taught only through Guru Kulakalvi (Guru- Seizhya manner) by Varmam practitioners to only a few students having Sivayogi characters. This study aims to recover and establish different Varmam approaches used in the treatment of Thandaga vadham from various assan practicing in different places of Tamil Nadu.
 
Materials and Methods: In this study, 9 Varmam assan were selected from 3 different zonal areas of Tamil Nadu. The survey involved mentor name, disease diagnosing methods, terms, precautions, patient preparation, Varmapulligal –location, technical methods, contraindications, Pathiyam-Abathiyam advice, etc.,
 
Results: Among 9 assan, the survey questionnaires give salient information about varmam therapy in that same anatomical location with multiple local terminologies, different kinds of technique and methodology, duration of technique, the importance of medication and Varma kanjikal etc.,
 
Conclusion: This study would help in initiating the standardization of varmam points and techniques as well as help Siddha practitioners in selecting/choosing varmam techniques and methods in the treatment of thandaga vadham.
Agrochemical assessment of soils of the Belokataysky district Republic of Bashkortostan (on the example of the Yanybaevsky village council)
Authors:   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Kiseleva Anna , Kurmasheva Nadezhda , Asylbayev Ilgiz
Published: April 2023

The article presents the results of agrochemical assessment of agricultural land for a 33-year period of use. The structure of the soil cover of the surveyed territory includes gray forest, chernozems, alluvial meadow, alluvial, peat-bog, their total area is 9034.5 hectares. The results of the survey revealed a decrease in the weighted average humus content in soils by 1.5%, the reaction of the soil solution is average acidic - decreased by 0.1 units, the content of mobile phosphorus decreased by 3.1 mg/kg, exchangeable potassium by 3.4 mg/kg. Based on the obtained data of agrochemical assessment of soils, an electronic soil map of the joint venture Yanybaevsky Belokataysky district of the Republic of Bashkortostan was created. Keywords: AGROCHEMICAL SURVEY OF SOILS, SOIL FERTILITY, MONITORING
Substantiation of the technology of pate for specialized purposes using wild-growing raw materials
Authors: Dotsenko Sergey , Kovalyova Lyudmila , Goncharuk Oksana
Published: April 2023

Based on the adopted approaches, a method and technology for obtaining a functionally specialized paste with antioxidant and adaptogenic properties have been developed. Keywords: ADAPTATION, BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES, PATE, LEMONGRASS, PINE NUT KERNEL, TECHNOLOGY, METHOD, COMPOSITION, RECIPE, CONTENT
Osmanlı Ebeveyn-i Resûl Risâleleri Geleneğinin İlk Halkası: İbnü’l-Hatîb el-Amâsî’nin (ö. 940/1534) İnbâʾü’l-ıṣṭıfâʾ fî ḥaḳḳı âbâʾi’l-Muṣṭafâ’sı
Authors: DEMİR BEKTAŞ Kevser , KILAVUZ Ulvi Murat
Published: April 2023

İslam düşünce geleneğinde tartışma konusu olan Hz. Peygamber’in anne ve babasının (ebeveyn-i Resûl) dinî ve uhrevî durumu, literatürde ilk olarak Ebû Hanîfe’nin (ö. 150/767) el-Fıḳhü’l-ekber’inde “Ebeveyn-i Resûl küfür üzere öldüler.” şeklinde yer almıştır. Osmanlı döneminde de Hz. Peygamber’in anne ve babasının dinî ve uhrevî durumu hakkında müstakil risaleler yazılmıştır. Bu mesele, Osmanlı ilim dünyasında el-Fıḳhü’l-ekber şerhlerinin kaleme alınması, dönemin siyasî konjonktürünün sonucu olarak Şîa ile Râfızîlik adı altında gerçekleşen dinî mücadele, toplumda giderek yaygınlaşan tasavvufî temayüller ve esasen Ekberî bir anlayış olan nûr-i Muhammedî düşüncesi gibi sebeplerle gündeme gelmiştir.

Osmanlı döneminde bu konuda yazılan risalelerin ilki İbnü’l-Hatîb el-Amâsî’nin (ö. 940/1534) İnbâʾü’l-ıṣṭıfâʾ fî ḥaḳḳı âbâʾi’l-Muṣṭafâ isimli eseridir. Kendisi de nûr-i Muhammedî düşüncesini benimseyen İbnü’l-Hatîb’in ebeveyn-i Resûl’ün ehl-i necat olduğu görüşünü benimsediği bu risalenin amacının Hz. Peygamber hakkında yanlış düşüncelere ulaşılmasının önüne geçmek olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Eserinde İbnü’l-Hatîb görüşünü Hz. Peygamber’in şerefli nesebini temel alarak izah etmiş, bu konuda oluşan itirazlara ve karşıt görüşü iddia edenlere âyet, hadis ve rivayetler üzerinden cevaplar getirmiştir. Onun nûr-i Muhammedî düşüncesine bağlı olmasının açıklama ve istidlallerine yansıdığı görülmektedir.

Bu risâlenin ebeveyn-i Resûl meselesinin Osmanlı ilim çevrelerine taşıyıcısı konumunda olması risâlenin önemini teşkil etmektedir. İbnü’l-Hatîb’in bu risâledeki görüş ve açıklamalarının kendisinden sonraki dönemde dayanak olma ve eleştiriye muhatap kılma şeklinde iki yönlü bir etki bıraktığı söylenmelidir.
First in the Nation: Eighty Years of Graduate Dental Public Health Education at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1936-2016
Authors:   UNC Gillings School of Public Health, Rozier Richard Gary
Published: April 2023

Since its early teaching activity in 1936, the North Carolina Dental Public Health program has had an outstanding 80-year history that is summarized into five themes. It has served as a key resource for training the dentists in public health, which has benefited the state of North Carolina. It has provided the science base for improving oral health with new prevention technologies. The program has advanced public health practice and collaborations with state and federal agencies, and it has maintained a robust research program that developed methods for solving population-based problems. Finally, it has offered a comprehensive teaching program that supported the knowledge base for the MPH program and research methods for PhD students in epidemiology and health services research. The UNC research focus on early childhood caries reversed the increase observed in statewide surveys, and its prevention methods have been adopted nationally. Rozier also documents the first courses in dental public health which provided definitions and direction for the specialty. Oral diseases are largely preventable, but they affect more than three billion people worldwide. First in the Nation is elegantly convincing in its message—that a major health sciences campus without a comprehensive Dental Public Health academic program is intellectually devoid of part of its purpose for being.
Respuesta parasitológica de ovinos de pelo a una infección experimental con nematodos gastrointestinales
Authors: Morteo-Gómez Rubén , Torres Hernández Glafiro , González-Garduño Roberto , Becerril- Pérez Carlos Miguel , González-Camacho Juan Manuel , Díaz-Rivera Pablo , Gallegos-Sánchez Jaime , Arece-García Javier
Published: April 2023

Se estudió la respuesta de corderos Pelibuey (P), Blackbelly (BB) y Dorper x Pelibuey (DxP) a una infección experimental con nematodos gastrointestinales (NGI). Se utilizaron 21 corderos P de dos meses de edad, 15 BB de tres meses de edad, y 14 DxP de dos meses de edad, con pesos vivos (PV) de 12.0±3.2, 13.6±3.9, y 13.0±3.6 kg, respectivamente. El experimento se efectuó en dos etapas de 30 días cada una, la primera en pastoreo y la segunda en confinamiento. En ambas etapas, los corderos se infectaron con 3,000 larvas (L3) de una mezcla de NGI. Cada siete días se recolectaron muestras de heces para contar el número de huevos por gramo de heces (HPG) y sangre para medir el volumen celular aglomerado (VCA), además de registrar su PV, condición corporal (CC) y la coloración de la mucosa ocular (CMO). Los corderos BB y DxP tuvieron mayores conteos fecales (5,259±654 y 5,515±654 HPG), mientras que los P, los menores (3,252±515, P<0.01). En el VCA, los corderos más afectados (P<0.01) fueron los BB (0.257±0.005), ya que los P y DxP tuvieron mayores valores (0.281±0.004 y 0.275±0.005). La resistencia de los corderos P a los NGI fue superior a la de los corderos BB y DxP.
Diversidad, abundancia y usos de las verduras de las milpas en una comunidad tsotsil de Huitiupán, Chiapas
Authors: Morales-Valenzuela Guadalupe , Hernández López Dalia Marisol , Padilla-Vega José
Published: April 2023

Los quelites son plantas silvestres comestibles, las cuales se conocen como verduras en algunas regiones del estado de Chiapas y crecen regularmente en las milpas y huertos familiares. El objetivo del presente trabajo es conocer la diversidad, abundancia y usos de las verduras en las milpas de Sombra Carrizal, Huitiupán, Chiapas. Se utilizaron métodos cuantitativos y cualitativos, principalmente el enfoque etnográfico. Las técnicas empleadas, fueron la entrevista a profundidad, observación participante y el muestreo de las verduras presentes en 10 milpas. Se encontraron ocho especies de verduras: hierbamora blanca (Solanum nigrescens), hierbamora morada (Solanum americanum), cuña o cuñay (Witheringia meiantha), chicorio (Sonchus oleraceus), tsuy (Liabum glabrum o Sinclairia discolor), mostaza (Brassica juncea) y dos variedades de coliflor (Brassica sp). Las especies más abundantes fueron la hierbamora morada, la mostaza y las dos variedades de coliflor. Estas especies son las más importantes para el consumo de las familias campesinas de Sombra Carrizal. Las formas de preparación más comunes son cocido, frito, asado y crudo. En algunos casos se aprovechan como plantas forrajeras para la alimentación de animales de traspatio y cuando hay excedentes se comercializan al interior de la comunidad. La mayoría de las especies identificadas se propagan de manera natural. Sin embargo, en el caso de la coliflor, requiere que los campesinos esparzan las semillas en los campos de cultivo. A pesar de la pérdida de conocimiento sobre su manejo y el incremento en el uso de herbicidas, las verduras siguen presentes en las milpas de Sombra Carrizal.
Evaluación de la calidad nutricional de los productos agrícolas caso: mercados de la Ciudad de México
Authors: Martínez Rodríguez María Concepción , Campos Villegas Lorena Elizabeth , Alvarado Cardona Miguel , Cervantes Nájera Ana Laura
Published: April 2023

Uno de los elementos de los cuales depende la seguridad alimentaria, son las propiedades nutricionales de los alimentos, las que se obtienen a partir de los nutrientes que se extraen del suelo, pero estos han sido alterados generando una carencia de micronutrientes en las cosechas. Por lo que es necesario identificar la cantidad de micronutrientes en los alimentos comúnmente consumidos en la dieta mexicana. El objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar el contenido de cobre (Cu), zinc (Zn), cobalto (Co), cromo (Cr) y selenio (Se), de alimentos provenientes de nueve mercados de la Ciudad de México. La metodología para este trabajo fue del tipo cuantitativa a partir de un muestreo aleatorio y de análisis químicoscon espectrometría de absorción atómica. No se detectó ningún alimento rico en Cobre (Cu), se encontraron bajas concentraciones de zinc (Zn) en huevo con 1 272 mg·kg-1, en la tortilla con 1 485 mg·kg-1 y en el arroz con 1.135 mg·kg-1. También se encontraron alimentos con cantidades apropiadas de cobalto como el huevo con 0.01 mg·kg-1, la leche con 0.031 mg·kg-1 y el pollo con 0.006 mg·kg-1. El pollo fue el único que presentó una concentración de selenio (Se) de aproximadamente 0.22 mg·kg-1. Con los resultados obtenidos se comprueba el déficit de micronutrientes en los alimentos analizados, lo que posiblemente impacta en la deficiencia nutricional de las personas, y la razón por la creciente necesidad de consumir suplementos alimenticios para subsanar esto.
Does Illusion of Control Have a Function to Appeal to Others?
Authors: Oda Ryo , Ono Shotaro , Wada Shuhei
Published: April 2023

Illusion of control is a form of self-deception in which individuals overestimate their ability to control events and have inappropriately higher expectations of success than is justified by objective probability. It is unclear why this illusion occurs in cases where obtaining accurate information is adaptive. The module hypothesis posits that obtaining accurate information and signaling one’s usefulness involve distinct modules. These modules are in operation separately when it is important to make accurate decisions and when it is advantageous to signal one’s own usefulness to others. According to this hypothesis, the illusion of control is involved in signaling one’s ability to control events. We examined this in the context of individual differences. We measured the sense of control in a task in which performance was randomly determined and manipulation had no effect. Then, we analyzed the correlations of sense of control with the degree of praise seeking and need to avoid rejection. In contrast to the hypothesis, our results demonstrated that the degree of praise seeking and need to avoid rejection were not associated with the sense of control.
Effect of differential heat treatments on antibacterial activity of fermented goat milk
Authors: Aiswarya V. G. , Rachana C. R. , Rejeesh R. , Aiswarya S. Panicker. , Rajkumar S. N. , Divya M. P. , Rahila M. P.
Published: April 2023

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of three different temperatures on the antibacterial potential of fermented goat milk.Goat milk is one of the naturalfoods to complete perfection.Bioactive peptides, the specific protein fragments that have a positive impact on body functions, can be produced during milk fermentation. Thanks to the starter cultures’ proteolytic activity.Fresh pooled goat milk sample collected was divided into four lots. One set was used for raw milk analysis and the remaining three were subjected to heat treatment at three different timetemperature combinations namely;72°C for 15 sec, 85°C for 10 min, and 121° C for 15 min. These samples were cooled immediately to 42ºC, inoculated with 0.04 % DVS yogurt culture,incubated at 42º C for 4 hrs, and then stored at 5±2°C for 21 days for storage studies. The analysis was carried out at 7-day intervals. An agar well diffusion assay was performed to assess the inhibitory activity ofWater-soluble peptide extracts (WSPE) of these samples against Bacillus cereus ATCC 10876, Escherichia coli NCIM 2685, Salmonella enterica ATCC 6017, and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. The milk that was heated to 85°C for 10 min before fermentation showed the highest antibacterial activity against E.coli during the 7th and 14th day of storage, withthe zone of inhibition measuredat 17±0.433mm and 21±0.55mm respectively.Thus, it can be concluded that milk heated at 85°C for 10 min had better antibacterial activity than the other two treatments.
Thyroid pathology in canine parvoviral infection
Authors: Neethu B. , Prasanna K. S. , Ajith J.G. , Anoopraj R. , Rathish R. L. , Pradeep M. , Hamza P. , Dhanush K.B. , Manasa Manasa , Geethanjali R.
Published: April 2023

The hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis is suppressed by pro-inflammatory mediators in systemic disease, which affects the thyroid hormone level. Canine parvovirus is one of the important infectious diseases which causes profound morbidity as well as mortality in dogs. It is found that canine parvovirus infection can result in non-thyroidal sickness syndrome. The relation between thyroid pathology and canine parvovirus infection will pave the way for therapeutic and preventive measures for this infectious disease. This study was conducted on 61 dog carcasses brought to the Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pookode during one year period. Among 61 cases, nine were found to be positive for canine parvovirus which constitutes an incidence of 14.75 per cent. Analysis of gross and histopathological lesions in canine parvovirus positive cases was the goal of this investigation. The gross lesions observed were paleness and nodular growth and histopathological lesions encountered were lymphocytic thyroiditis, colloidal goiter, c cell hyperplasia, severe fibrotic changes and neoplastic lesions. Further research is required to understand the pathophysiology of the euthyroid sick syndrome in canine parvoviral infection.