bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alerjik Rinit Tedavisinde Değişik Yaklaşımlar
Authors: Burak Erdur Zülküf
Published: December 2023

Alerjik rinit, inhale edilen alerjenlere karşı IgE aracılığında gerçekleşen reaksiyonlar sonucu ortaya çıkan nazal mukozal inflamasyon olarak tanımlanır ve hapşırma, burun tıkanıklığı, burun kaşıntısı, rinore gibi semptomlarla kendini gösterir. Tanısı için anamnez, fiziksel muayene ve yardımcı laboratuvar testleri gereklidir; fakat detaylı ve doğru bir hasta hikayesi, tanı için yeterli olabilmektedir. Tedavide, öncelikle alerjenlerden kaçınma esastır. Bunun yanı sıra antihistaminikler, nazal ve/veya sistemik kortikosteroidler, lökotrien reseptör antagonistleri, mast hücre stabilizatörleri gibi çeşitli farmakoterapötik ajanlar kullanımı da mümkündür. Ek olarak, biyolojik ajanlar (Omalizumab), intranazal botulinum toksini, akupunktur ve gen tedavisi gibi alternatif yaklaşımlar da değerlendirilmektedir.
الأبعاد الفلسفية لنظرية التاو عند لاوتسو
Authors: الوجره إبراهيم
Published: December 2023

ركز بحثنا هذا على إحدى أهم الرؤى الفلسفية في تاريخ الفكر الفلسفي الصيني، والتي كان لها أثر كبير على الحياة الروحية، والفكرية، والسياسية، والاقتصادية، والاجتماعية في المجتمع الصيني، قديماً، وحديثا، ومعاصراً، ألا وهي فلسفة (التاو /اليانغ واليّن)، ولصعوبة هذا الموضوع و سبر أغواره، حددنا موضوعه بـــــ(الأبعاد الفلسفية لنظرية التاو عند لاوتسو )، وهو واحد من أهم حكماء الصين، فبعد تحديد المصطلحات الهامة داخل البحث، شرَّعنا بتناول الموضوع بأبعاده الثلاثة: البعد الأول : هو البعد الأنطولوجي( الوجودي)، والبعد الثاني: هو البعد الأبستمولوجي( المعرفي)، والبعد الثالث: هو البعد الأكسيولوجي ( القيمي و الأخلاقي)، تناولنا في البعد الأول ( الأنطولوجي ): أثر فلسفة التاو على فكر لاوتسو وكيف نظر لاوتسو إلى التاو وما هي صفاته وأفعاله، وما علاقة التاو باليانغ واليّن، وما علاقة اليانغ واليّن بعناصر الطبيعة الخمسة: النار،الماء، والهواء، والتراب، والخشب، و تطرقْنا من خلال هذا المبحث إلى نظرية الفيض والصدور عند الفيلسوف اليوناني ( أفلوطين ) محددين أوجه التشابة والافتراق بين نظرية ( التاو ) عند لاوتسو، ونظرية ( الفيض الإلهي ) عند افلوطين. وتناولنا في البعد الثاني الأبستمولوجي: نظرية المعرفة عند لاوتسو، فقد آمن لاوتسو بأن التاو العظيم هو من منح الإنسان الوجود، وهو من يكسبه المعرفة، ولا يتأتى للإنسان الحصول على المعرفة الحقيقية إلا من خلال تجنب إغواء الحواس وجموح العقل؛ والغوص في أعماق أعماق نفسه، ولا يمكن له ذلك إلا من خلال التأمل، التأمل المعتمد على التنفس الهادئ والخفيف، الذي يوصله الى مرحلة الصفاء الذهني؛ وعندها يمكنه الوصول إلى مرحلة الغبطة والسكينة وهي مرحلة اللاتفكير، مرحلة التجرد التي يتجرد فيها من كل مصدر معرفي، عدا مصدر واحد فقط ، وهو مرحلة الاتصال بالتاو العظيم؛ الذي يفيض عليه العلوم والمعارف، فيصير حكيماً تاوياً أي: (حكيماً إلهياً)، وتناولنا في البُعد الثالث: البعد الأكسيولوجي ( القيمي والأخلاقي)، وهو بعدٌ له من الأهمية بمكان في فكر لاوتسو، فالقيم الأخلاقية عند لاوتسو تختلف عن القيم والأخلاق في فكر كونفوشيوس، فإذا كانت الأخلاق عند كنفوشيوس أخلاق رتيبة مكيانيكة آلية، تتصف بأبعاد مجتمعية أكثر منها روحية، فإنها عند لاوتسو أخلاق ذات مبادئ وأسس روحية تمتاز بالبساطة والفردية، وبالتالي فهي أخلاق ديناميكية ذاتية، لذلك فالحكيم التاوي ليس معلماً أخلاقياً بل هو مؤدب روحي. فهو يعمل الأعمال الخيرة والصالحة دون أن ينتظر من أحد شكراً أو ثواباً أو مدحاً، للأنه يؤمن بأن الطبيعة تسير وفق قانون عام، هذا القانون العام يتوجب على التاوي أن يسير عليه، فلا يخالف ما تسير عليه الطبيعة، أي انه يقف موقفا وسطاً في الطبيعة، فهو ليس متطرفاً في افعاله وسلوكه، كما إنه يعرف أين يقف حتى لا يهوي فيسقط، ويعرف متى يتحرك حتى لا ينحني فيُكسر، وعندها يصل إلى مرحلة الكمال الإنساني. وذكرنا ايضاً في ثنايا هذا البحث ناحية هامة في الفلسفة التاوية وهي مسألة العلاقة الجنسية بين الرجل والمرأة، فهي ليست علاقة جنسية بهيمية، بل هي علاقة لها أهداف وغايات تسير وفق الطبيعة الكونية، فإلى جانب تكوين الأسرة المكونة من الأب والأم والأبناء، لها جانب صحي حسب الفلسفة التاوية وهي: الصحة وإطالة العمر. كما أشرنا في ثنايا البحث أيضاً إلى فكرة أو معتقد التناسخ، الذي آمنت به الأديان والفلسفات الشرقية القديمة قديماً، وحديثاً، ومعاصراً، ولكن هذا المعتقد عند لاوتسو أخذ طابعاً آخر تماماً، فقد رأى أن مسالة التطهر لا تحتاج الى تقمصات طويلة، فبإمكان الإنسان أن يصل إليها في لحظة تأمل وصفاء روحي خالص وهي مرحلة الغبطة واللاتفكير.
Critical Thinking Pada Peserta Didik: Refleksi Surah Al-An’am Ayat 74-79 Dalam Konteks Abad 21
Authors: Muflihah  , Ilma Rasyida Nadya , Azizah Nurul , Karman
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji aspek critical thingking pada peserta didik melalui perspektif al-Qur’an, yakni dalam surah al-An’am ayat 74-79 berdasarkan core critical thinking skills beserta refleksinya dalam konteks abad 21. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pustaka, dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Analisis dilakukan dengan data dari sumber-sumber relevan berkaitan dengan masalah yang dibahas seperti al-Qur’an, buku, artikel dan hasil studi. Hasil penelitian ini mengemukakan bahwa aspek critical thinking pada Surah al-An’am ayat 74-76 dapat ditemukan berdasarkan enam core critical thinking skills (aspek kemampuan berpikir kritis) yaitu interpretasi, analisis, evaluasi, kesimpulan, penjelasan dan penguatan diri. Refleksi dari Surah Al-An’am ayat 74-79 mengungkapkan bahwa kemampuan critical thinking yang di ungkapkan pada ayat ini dapat menjadi solusi tantangan-tantangan yang timbul pada abad 21, terkhusus dalam dunia pendidikan. Kompetensi ini dapat membantu dalam pengembangan karakter dan etika peserta didik, mengasah kemampuan berpikir dan analisis peserta didik, pengembangan kemampuan problem solving dan pembentukan kemampuan anlitis yang sesuai dengan tuntutan dunia kerja abad 21
Implementasi Nilai Akhlak Di Sekolah Islam Terpadu (Penelitian Di SDIT Permata Bunda 2 Bandar Lampung)
Authors: Yamin Sabanul
Published: December 2023

Untuk menjawab tantangan degradasi akhlak saat ini, implementasi (Hardiansyah & Mas’odi, 2020; Syafiqurrohman, 2020) nilai (Fithriyah, 2022) akhlak (Nursikin, 2019) di Sekolah Islam Terpadu (Penelitian di SDIT Permata Bunda II Bandar Lampung) adalah suatu yang sangat penting dalam kehidupan peserta didik terutama di sekolah. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengeksplorasi proses transformasi Nilai Akhlak di SDIT Permata Bunda II Bandar Lampung. Metode penelitian ini adalah  metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan alat pengumpul data  yaitu observasi dan wawancara, kepada satu orang kepala sekolah dan satu guru pengampu mata pelajaran PAI. Hasil Temuan penelitian pada ini adalah sudah adanya implementasi nilai akhlak melalui program sekolah diantaranya; shalat berjamaah, hafalan qur’an 2 juz, infaq, pesantren ramadhan, MPLS (Masa Pengenalan Lingkungan Sekolah, bakti sosial dan tadabbur alam. Adapun implementasi program tersebut menghasilkan dua nilai akhlak yang utama yaitu: nilai ilahiyah (keimanan dan ketaqwaan), insaniyah (disiplin, tanggung jawab, peduli sesama, optimis dan percaya diri). Proses implementasi nilai akhlak menggunakan tiga tahapan yaitu; transformasi nilai (pemahaman), transaksi nilai (penghayatan), transinternalisasi nilai (pengamalan
Peran Guru PAI Dalam Internalisasi Nilai - Nilai Moderasi Beragama Di SMP Qur’an Darul Fattah Bandar Lampung
Authors: Asep Bambang Susanto
Published: December 2023

Indonesia is a country of rich and diverse diversity. When everyone understands their role, various conflicts arise. School is a place where the younger generation spends their time. The role of PAI teachers has a very important place so that the value of moderation in various religions is conveyed appropriately to students. The aim of this research is to identify PAI teacher traits in the internalization of religious moderation values ​​and reveal strategies, methods, supporting and inhibiting factors in the internalization of religious moderation values. The method used is descriptive qualitative type of case study. Data collection_using the observation method. Interviews and documentation. Then, data analysis includes data collection, data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions, and verification. The results of the research show that the strategies used by PAI teachers in internalizing the values ​​of religious moderation are example, applying discipline, tolerance, giving advice to students. PAI teacher methods include providing understanding, monitoring, and efforts to encourage students to appreciate the values ​​of religious moderation. Supporting factors include the existence of a moral program, Islamic boarding school curriculum, character building, OSIS activities, teacher and guardian studies, general guidebooks and mutaba'ah evaluation books. One of the inhibiting factors is the rapid progress of technology which influences the way of thinking and attitudes of students.
Implementasi Pendidikan Karakter Jepang Dalam Perspektif Islam Di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 2 Kota Kediri
Authors: Exa Maya Fismarada Agvi
Published: December 2023

This research contains the process of implementing Japanese character education at MAN 2 Kediri City. The type of research used in this research is qualitative research. The information collection technique in this research is through observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this research prove that some MAN 2 Kediri City students have not implemented their character education in their daily life at school. Some other students have implemented their character education, such as coming to school on time, regularly attending group prayers, having a respectful and polite attitude towards teachers or older people. The characters possessed by each student are an attitude of never giving up, being able to work well with friends, and having a high enthusiasm for learning which can be proven when the students will take part in high school/MA and national level competitions. The students are always enthusiastic about practicing from the time the school bell rings until the school bell rings. Globally, it can be said that MAN 2 Kediri City students have superior personalities so they are able to become the nation's next generation of quality.
Manajemen Guru Akidah Akhlak Dalam Pembentukan Akhlakul Karimah Siswa
Authors: Junaidi Junaidi
Published: December 2023

Permasalahan penelitian ini berkaitan dengan manajemen guru akidah akhlak dalam pembentukan akhlakul karimah siswa dengan objek penelitian siswa  MTs Kesuma Sumbersari Kecamatan Sragi Kabupaten Lampung Selatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pelaksanaan manajemen guru dalam pembentukan akhlakul karimah siswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif, yaitu penelitian dengan cara menganalisis data yang diarahkan untuk menjawab rumusan masalah. Dengan demikian, data utama dari penelitian ini dapat diketahui dengan jelas. Untuk melaksanakan penelitian di lapangan maka digunakan teknik pengumpulan data meliputi wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian bahwa manajemen guru akidah akhlak dalam pembentukan akhlakul karimah siswa sudah cukup baik dilihat mulai dari perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pelaksanaan, dan pengontrolan yang dilakukan guru. Faktor pembawaan dan tidak ada keinginan berubah, latar belakang keluarga, serta lingkungan dapat menghambat pembentukan akhlakul karimah siswa. Di baliknya, dengan keteladanan, pembiasaan, pemberian hadiah atau hukuman, dapat  mempengaruhi pembentukan akhlakul karimah siswa.
A Discourse-Oriented Approach to Interpreter’s Non-Rendition Behaviour: A Case Study of An Interpreted Parent-Teacher Talk
Authors: ÖZSÖZ Burak
Published: December 2023

This article explores the types and functions of dialogue interpreter’s non-rendition behaviour in a corpus of transcriptions of a recorded parent-teacher meeting. Following Vargas-Urpi’s (2019) distinction between justified and unjustified renditions, it seeks to contribute to the discussion of the interpreter’s use of non-renditions in a relatively under-searched mediated communicative environment. Non-renditions, interpreter-generated original utterances that do not have corresponding counterparts in the preceding source utterance, are considered a part of “talk as activity”. Thus, as a theoretical framework, the study adopts a dialogic view to discuss interactional non-renditions as a discourse practice. The analysis of extracts drawn from a naturally occurring parent-teacher encounter revealed that the interpreter’s non-renditions are substantially self-prompted when they ask for clarification or confirmation. There are instances of talk that lead to the exclusion of the interpreter from the ongoing dialogue in monolingual sequences. The study also provides significant data on the use of reactive tokens as a listener’s response.
An Investigation into the Relationship Between Metacognitive Knowledge and Writing Achievement of Turkish EFL Learners
Authors: ÇAM Esra
Published: December 2023

Writing poses a substantial yet demanding challenge for individuals learning English as a foreign language (EFL). In contemporary frameworks, this skill is characterized as a complex, recursive, strategic, and multifaceted process that engages both cognitive and metacognitive faculties. Consequently, recent decades have witnessed a burgeoning body of research spotlighting the pivotal role of metacognition in EFL writing. This study, employing an explanatory sequential mixed methods approach, set out to delve into the depth of metacognitive awareness among Turkish EFL students concerning English writing. The study encompassed a cohort of 120 Turkish EFL students at the B2 level. To gauge the participants' metacognitive understanding concerning the variables of person, task, and strategy, a questionnaire was administered. Additionally, interviews were conducted with 35 participants to augment and elucidate the quantitative findings. Analyzing the data disclosed that participants exhibited an average level of knowledge with respect to person and strategy dimensions, but they demonstrated a robust understanding of the task dimension. Further scrutiny through correlation analysis, which explored the link between students' writing achievement and their metacognitive awareness, revealed a weak positive relationship between students' writing proficiency and their comprehension of both person-related and strategy-related aspects. In contrast, there was no statistically significant correlation between task-related knowledge and writing achievement. Content analysis of the findings shed light on noteworthy disparities among high-achieving, average-achieving, and low-achieving EFL writers concerning their grasp of metacognitive knowledge. In alignment with their writing performance, high-achieving writers outperformed their counterparts in all the metacognitive subcategories.
Marx y la técnica: ¿El progreso humano conlleva la explotación de la naturaleza?
Authors: López Pérez Sheila
Published: December 2023

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar las ideas que Marx desarrolló en referencia a la tecnificación del mundo. El objetivo de este análisis es denunciar la posible repercusión que dicha mirada tecnificadora acarreaba en su seno: la sobreexplotación de la naturaleza. El artículo concluirá que solo una mirada crítica y teórica, una mirada que analice el sentido y el fin de las innovaciones técnicas, sería capaz de enfocar dichas innovaciones hacia la mejora de la humanidad.
Metodología e investigación: ¿es posible superar el reduccionismo cientificista?
Authors: Jiménez Redondo Juan Carlos
Published: December 2023

El cientifismo imperante ha obligado a introducir criterios cuantitativos claramente contrarios a la idiosincrasia de las Humanidades y de los humanistas. En este trabajo se propone un replanteamiento en profundidad de estos instrumentos, ya que su aplicación solo ha producido un deterioro muy notable en la calidad de la investigación en Humanidades. Pero no solo cabe la crítica a los métodos cuantitativos que pretenden convertir a las Humanidades en lo que no son, es decir, sucedáneos de las ciencias físicas y experimentales, sino también a otros métodos como es el de la evaluación por pares. La crítica se centra en poner de manifiesto el sesgo profundamente ideológico que tiene este procedimiento en el campo de las Humanidades. Porque, a pesar de contar con un ingente número de defensores, se defiende que, en realidad, ha propiciado una investigación plana y repetitiva que no se atreve a plantear temas ni perspectivas innovadoras y audaces. En último extremo, supone una merma de libertad que lleva a los investigadores a autocensurarse para acomodarse a esos moldes rígidos que impone la evaluación por pares, al existir en el mundo universitario una estructura de poder muy solidificada, basada en una hegemonía cultural e ideológica concreta y determinada.
Ser yo: entre la neurociencia y la moral
Authors: Bonet-Sánchez José V.
Published: December 2023

Anil Seth, en su libro Being I (La creación del yo), recientemente traducido, pretende suministrar una explicación neuorocientífica de la conciencia y la “yoidad”, prosiguiendo el enfoque de Daniel Dennett y, en último término, la crítica empirista de la metafísica que arranca de Hume. Para Seth, la yoidad es una percepción compleja, trabada con distintos ingredientes (corporal, perceptivo, volitivo, narrativo y social) que el autor no llega a explicar por qué o cómo se enlazan entre sí. Para Dennett, es una abstracción que postula un centro de gravedad narrativo, pero no se corresponde con ningún centro unitario de la experiencia humana. Al cuestionamiento de Dennett y Seth de la identidad y constancia del yo, le objetamos tres cosas: primera, las teorizaciones neurocientíficas no capturan en modo alguno la manera en que nos experimentamos ordinariamente y de forma unitaria como sujetos. Segundo, no logran articular entre sí las distintas capas de la yoidad, es decir, del por qué el yo narrativo, que se hace cargo del pasado, podría o debería sentirse culpable. Tercero, tampoco alcanzan a explicar (por lo dicho) ni la posibilidad de un progreso moral de la propia persona ni, respecto de los demás, experiencias tan cruciales como el amor.
Development of artificial intelligence in the AI-Mandamus project: elements of developed know-how
Authors: Mendes Bertoncini Corrêa Cristina , Bonat Debora , Hartmann Peixoto Fabiano
Published: December 2023

This paper aims to identify and examine elements of the development and application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) solutions in the context of the Brazilian Judiciary (PJ). The primary focus is on the AI-Mandamus project, a result of the collaboration between the University of Brasília and the Court of Justice of Roraima (TJRR), which aims to generate and issue certain types of judicial orders (warrants) for compliance with determinations made by TJRR judges. The AI-Mandamus was conceived after studies on judicial logistics conducted by the Lab DR.IA at the University of Brasília, in response to one of the bottlenecks identified in the judicial process: the generation, issuance, and execution of judicial orders (warrants). This paper will provide context and applications of AI in the Brazilian justice system, detailing part of the development of AI-Mandamus, which consists of two AI robots that read judicial documents and generate orders, integrating with the central system for their execution. The exploratory methodology of the study was based on primary sources generated during the development of the tool, supplemented by secondary sources to support the decisions of the development team. The relevance of the participation of legal experts in all stages of AI development was demonstrated, as well as its significance as a mechanism for improvements in the forensic routine.
Artificial intelligence, algorithmic recommendation and decision-making in European Union law: analysis of the regulatory challenge and legal certainty
Authors: Parente Patrocínio Júlio César , Barreto Santana de Andrade Débora
Published: December 2023

The concept of artificial intelligence has been developed since the beginning of computing in the 1950s, and, since the 2010s, it has advanced more quickly, contributing to various applications. Artificial intelligence applications bring benefits and uses to various social sectors and activities. It improves optimisation and efficiency of factories and companies, diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disabilities, automating activities, operation of social networks and e-commerce platforms, and viability of autonomous cars. It is also present in the operationalization of banks, pharmacies, military forces, education system, among many others. However, along with benefits, artificial intelligence has also generated risks for society and, consequently, litigation. These disputes have been submitted to courts in different countries, generating discussions about specific regulations. In this sense, this article aims to analyse cases involving artificial intelligence in using data, biometric monitoring, algorithmic recommendation and decision-making discussed in European judicial and administrative lawsuits, as well as study the three main European Union regulations which approach that theme: the General Data Protection Regulation, the Digital Services Act, and the Artificial Intelligence Act Proposal.
Justiça e redes sociais: modelos comparados de regulamentação da liberdade de expressão dos Magistrados entre tutela dos direitos fundamentais e estado de direito
Authors: Posenato Naiara
Published: December 2023

Digital communication has transformed the traditional ways information is produced and disseminated, including the judicial process and the actions of its protagonists, such as the judge. Starting with a brief consideration of the positive effects of the new communication modalities, in terms of judicial transparency and access to legal information, and in negative terms, taking into account the phenomenon of the “Judgment by the Media” this study seeks to compare some recent and innovative regulations regarding the use of social networks by judges, adopted at regional and national level, study seeks to compare some recent and innovative regulations for judges’ use of social media, adopted at both regional and national levels. In particular, it aims to highlight the relationship and the necessary balance between limiting the magistrate’s freedom of expression and affirming some fundamental principles of the rule of law, such as the independence and impartiality of the judiciary.
O USO DO LED COMO POTENCIALIZADOR NO TRATAMENTO DA ACNE VULGAR: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Barreto Andréa Castilho de Almeida
Published: December 2023

A acne vulgar é caracterizada como uma disfunção das glândulas sebáceas, responsável por tamponar os óstios, provocar inflamações na pele e, muitas vezes, incomodar emocionalmente os pacientes afetados. Nesse estudo, serão enumerados os benefícios do uso do LED dotado de luz visível azul e vermelha como elemento capaz de potencializar o tratamento desta afecção, levando em conta a importância da continuidade de pesquisas que comprovem tal eficiência. O objetivo do artigo é citar e descrever os eventuais benefícios do uso do LED com luz visível azul e vermelha para potencializar a eficiência do tratamento da acne vulgar. O estudo trata-se de uma revisão de literatura, sendo que foram utilizados livros científicos profissionais e artigos da plataforma de pesquisa Google Acadêmico que abordassem a descrição das características da acne vulgar, o tratamento convencional da mesma e novas perspectivas do uso do LED para tal terapêutica. Como resultado, ocorreu a seleção dos melhores textos e experimentos científicos encontrados nos livros e artigos pesquisados, além da eliminação de trechos pouco relevantes ou dissociados da pesquisa, de forma que foi possível a montagem de uma revisão de literatura completa e pertinente. Como conclusão, notou-se diversos benefícios do uso do LED azul e vermelho para auxiliar na atual terapêutica da acne vulgar, porém reafirma-se a necessidade de mais estudos e experiências para melhor compreensão e ampliação do uso desses.
Variability and properties of liquid-dominated clouds over the ice-free and sea-ice-covered Arctic Ocean
Authors: Klingebiel Marcus , Ehrlich André , Ruiz-Donoso Elena , Risse Nils , Schirmacher Imke , Jäkel Evelyn , Schäfer Michael , Wolf Kevin , Mech Mario , Moser Manuel , Voigt Christiane , Wendisch Manfred
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Due to their potential to either warm or cool the surface, liquid-phase clouds and their interaction with the ice-free and sea-ice-covered ocean largely determine the energy budget and surface temperature in the Arctic. Here, we use airborne measurements of solar spectral cloud reflectivity obtained during the Arctic CLoud Observations Using airborne measurements during polar Day (ACLOUD) campaign in summer 2017 and the Arctic Amplification: FLUXes in the Cloudy Atmospheric Boundary Layer (AFLUX) campaign in spring 2019 in the vicinity of Svalbard to retrieve microphysical properties of liquid-phase clouds. The retrieval was tailored to provide consistent results over sea-ice and open-ocean surfaces. Clouds including ice crystals that significantly bias the retrieval results were filtered from the analysis. A comparison with in situ measurements shows good agreement with the retrieved effective radii and an overestimation of the liquid water path and reduced agreement for boundary-layer clouds with varying fractions of ice water content. Considering these limitations, retrieved microphysical properties of clouds observed over the ice-free ocean and sea ice in spring and early summer in the Arctic are compared. In early summer, the liquid-phase clouds have a larger median effective radius (9.5 µm), optical thickness (11.8) and effective liquid water path (72.3 g m−2) compared to spring conditions (8.7 µm, 8.3 and 51.8 g m−2, respectively). The results show larger cloud droplets over the ice-free Arctic Ocean compared to sea ice in spring and early summer caused mainly by the temperature differences in the surfaces and related convection processes. Due to their larger droplet sizes, the liquid clouds over the ice-free ocean have slightly reduced optical thicknesses and lower liquid water contents compared to the sea-ice surface conditions. The comprehensive dataset on microphysical properties of Arctic liquid-phase clouds is publicly available and could, e.g., help to constrain models or be used to investigate effects of liquid-phase clouds on the radiation budget.
Future reduction of cold extremes over East Asia due to thermodynamic and dynamic warming
Authors: Li Donghuan , Zhou Tianjun , Qi Youcun , Zou Liwei , Li Chao , Zhang Wenxia , Chen Xiaolong
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Cold extremes have large impacts on human society. Understanding the physical processes dominating the changes of cold extremes is crucial for a reliable projection of future climate change. The observed cold extremes have been decreased during last several decades and this trend will continue under the future global warming. Here, we quantitatively identify the contributions of dynamic (changes in large-scale atmospheric circulation) and thermodynamic (rising temperatures resulting from global warming) effects to East Asian cold extremes in the past several decades and in a future warm climate by using two sets of large ensemble simulation of climate models. We show that the dynamic component accounts for over 80 % of the cold-month (coldest 5 % boreal winter months) surface air temperature (SAT) anomaly in the past five decades. However, in a future warm climate, the thermodynamic change is the main contributor to the decreases in the intensity and occurrence probability of East Asian cold extremes, while the dynamic change is also contributive. The intensity of East Asian cold extremes will decrease by around 5℃ at the end of the 21st century, in which the thermodynamic (dynamic) change contributes approximately 75 % (25 %). The present-day (1986–2005) East Asian cold extremes will almost never occur after around 2035, and this will happen eight years later due solely to thermodynamic change. The upward trend of a positive Arctic Oscillation-like sea level pressure pattern dominates the changes in the dynamic component. The finding provides a useful reference for policymakers in climate change adaptation activities.
A global grid model for the estimation of zenith tropospheric delay considering the variations at different altitudes
Authors: Huang Liangke , Lan Shengwei , Zhu Ge , Chen Fade , Li Junyu , Liu Lilong
Published: December 2023

Abstract. The accuracy of tropospheric delay correction heavily depends on the quality of the tropospheric model, and the zenith tropospheric delay (ZTD) is an important factor affecting the tropospheric delay. Therefore, it is essential to establish a precise ZTD empirical model. The existing ZTD models are constrained by a single fitting function, lack consideration for daily cycle variations, and rely solely on data with one resolution for modeling. To address these limitations, we proposed a global piecewise ZTD empirical grid (GGZTD-P) model. This model considers the daily cycle variation and latitude factor of ZTD, using the sliding window algorithm based on fifth-generation European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts atmospheric reanalysis data (ERA5). The ZTD data from 545 radiosonde stations and the second Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA-2) atmospheric reanalysis data are used to validate the accuracy of the GGZTD-P model. The results indicate that the GGZTD-P model outperforms the global pressure and temperature 3 (GPT3) model, exhibiting 26 % and 53 % lower bias and rms, respectively, when using radiosonde stations as reference values. Furthermore, when evaluated using MERRA-2 atmospheric reanalysis data, the GGZTD-P model consistently exhibits superior performance across various latitude regions. It is expected that the application of this new model will provide improved services for high-precision global navigation satellite system (GNSS) positioning and GNSS meteorology.
Recent ground thermo-hydrological changes in a southern Tibetan endorheic catchment and implications for lake level changes
Authors: Martin Léo C. P. , Westermann Sebastian , Magni Michele , Brun Fanny , Fiddes Joel , Lei Yanbin , Kraaijenbrink Philip , Mathys Tamara , Langer Moritz , Allen Simon , Immerzeel Walter W.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Climate change modifies the water and energy fluxes between the atmosphere and the surface in mountainous regions such as the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP), which has shown substantial hydrological changes over the last decades, including rapid lake level variations. The ground across the QTP hosts either permafrost or is seasonally frozen, and, in this environment, the ground thermal regime influences liquid water availability, evaporation and runoff. Consequently, climate-induced changes in the ground thermal regime may contribute to variations in lake levels, but the validity of this hypothesis has yet to be established. This study focuses on the cryo-hydrology of the catchment of Lake Paiku (southern Tibet) for the 1980–2019 period. We process ERA5 data with downscaling and clustering tools (TopoSCALE, TopoSUB) to account for the spatial variability of the climate in our forcing data (Fiddes and Gruber, 2012, 2014). We use a distributed setup of the CryoGrid community model (version 1.0) to quantify thermo-hydrological changes in the ground during this period. Forcing data and simulation outputs are validated with data from a weather station, surface temperature loggers and observations of lake level variations. Our lake budget reconstruction shows that the main water input to the lake is direct precipitation (310 mm yr−1), followed by glacier runoff (280 mm yr−1) and land runoff (180 mm yr−1). However, altogether these components do not offset evaporation (860 mm yr−1). Our results show that both seasonal frozen ground and permafrost have warmed (0.17 ∘C per decade 2 m deep), increasing the availability of liquid water in the ground and the duration of seasonal thaw. Correlations with annual values suggest that both phenomena promote evaporation and runoff. Yet, ground warming drives a strong increase in subsurface runoff so that the runoff/(evaporation + runoff) ratio increases over time. This increase likely contributed to stabilizing the lake level decrease after 2010. Summer evaporation is an important energy sink, and we find active-layer deepening only where evaporation is limited. The presence of permafrost is found to promote evaporation at the expense of runoff, consistently with recent studies suggesting that a shallow active layer maintains higher water contents close to the surface. However, this relationship seems to be climate dependent, and we show that a colder and wetter climate produces the opposite effect. Although the present study was performed at the catchment scale, we suggest that this ambivalent influence of permafrost may help to understand the contrasting lake level variations observed between the south and north of the QTP, opening new perspectives for future investigations.
ATTENTION-GUIDED COST VOLUME REFINEMENT NETWORK FOR SATELLITE STEREO IMAGE MATCHING
Authors: Jeong W. J. , Park S. Y.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. In remote sensing, disparity calculation using stereo images is a very necessary task and provides information for estimating the terrain elevation. The fields using disparity of stereo satellite images are used in various fields such as terrain models, autonomous driving using 3D maps, and content development. However, extracting disparity from stereo satellite images is a very difficult task, and inaccurate disparity may be extracted due to complex environments, façade areas of buildings, and texture-less areas. Our proposed method improves feature extraction and 3D aggregation steps based on Gwc-Net using stereo images rectified through RPC (Rational Polynomial Coefficients). To this achieve, we first improve the accuracy of the initial cost volume by extracting important features using the attention module 2D CBAM. In addition, in the aggregation step, we use 3D CBAM to extract important features from the cost volume and use GCE (Correlate-and-Excite) to guide image features to the cost volume to improve disparity. To evaluate the proposed method, the accuracy of disparity is evaluated using RPC-corrected stereo satellite images of DFC2019 data track2 of the US3D dataset. As a result of the experiment, the proposed method exhibited improvement compared to the baseline Gwc-Net.
LEVERAGING HUMAN MOBILITY AND PERVASIVE SMARTPHONE MEASUREMENTS-BASED CROWDSOURCING FOR DEVELOPING SELF-DEPLOYABLE AND UBIQUITOUS INDOOR POSITIONING SYSTEMS
Authors: Mansour A. , Chen W. , Weng D. , Yang Y. , Wang J.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Nowadays, it's hard to imagine life without smartphones. These devices surround us and have become an inseparable part of our daily lives, since they provide end-users with unlimited access to information, services, and communication through their multitude of sensors and computational capabilities. Through sensor-rich smartphones, it is possible to collect pervasive crowdsourced signatures. Manual training approaches to localize these signatures and construct offline radio and magnetic maps required for fingerprinting-based positioning techniques are time-consuming, labour-exhausted, and restrict the scalability of ubiquitous signals, such as Wi-Fi and magnetic field. As an alternative, autonomous localization of pervasive signatures can eliminate human supervision and scalability barriers, prompting to development of self-deployable systems. The development of these systems offers unparalleled potential for extending the ubiquity of indoor positioning systems (IPS) and makes realizing ubiquitous IPSs one step closer. This study proposes a scheme to leverage pervasive crowdsourced data to develop a ubiquitous IPS without the need for external resources.
IONOSPHERIC TEMPORAL-SPATIAL CORRELATION ANALYSIS USING GNSS NETWORKS OVER CHINA
Authors: Xiang Y. , Li Z. , Wang N. , Pei L. , Yu W.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is well recognized as a valuable tool for studying ionospheric variation, providing a means to measure variations in the Total Electron Content (TEC) of the ionosphere. In this manuscript, we focus specifically on the use of GNSS networks to study ionospheric diurnal variation over China, highlighting some of the key findings and challenges in this area. We begin by describing the basic principles of GNSS-based TEC measurements. We then analyze ionospheric diurnal variation using about 320 GNSS stations in China, including the Southern, Middle, and Northern areas. We also discuss some of the challenges associated with GNSS-based TEC measurement and analysis, such as the effects of receiver and satellite biases and understanding of spatial–temporal TEC variation. Finally, we highlight the sunset enhancement and scintillation of GNSS-based ionospheric diurnal variation research. Overall, this abstract provides a valuable overview of the use of GNSS networks for studying ionospheric diurnal variation and its potential applications for improving space weather forecasting and mitigating the effects of ionospheric disturbances on GNSS-based navigation systems.
A TEST ON COLLABORATIVE VISION AND UWB-BASED POSITIONING
Authors: Gurturk M. , Masiero A. , Toth C. , Dabove P. , Di Pietra V. , Vettore A. , Guarnieri A. , Cortesi I. , Pellis E. , Soycan M.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Despite GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) enables positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) almost everywhere, the development of applications like self-driving vehicles and indoor navigation requires extending accurate positioning to scenarios where GNSS either is not reliable or does garantee a sufficiently precise solution. Integrating inforamtion provided by different sensors is commonly accepted to be a quite viable way for such extension. In particular this work is part of a project aiming at investigating the positioning performance that can be obtained by integrating vision with radio-based systems and inertial sensors, which are commonly installed on many smart devices, such as smartphones. Furthermore, this work considers positioning in a collaborative scenario, where different interconnected platforms, i.e. unmanned aerial vehicles and pedestrians provided with smartphones, are moving on the same area. The results obtained in the considered tests show a good potential (submetric 2D positioning error) for what concerns the implemented strategies, where the integration of different technologies can ensure decent performance in a wider range of working cases.
RESEARCH ON SENSOR FUSION-BASED CALIBRATION AND REAL-TIME POINT CLOUD MAPPING METHODS FOR LASER LIDAR AND IMU
Authors: Huang H. , Zhang X. , Yang J. , Fu Y. , Bian J.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM), as one of the core technologies in autonomous driving, provides environment perception, decision-making, and path planning to ensure safe vehicle operation. This paper proposes a tightly-coupled fusion mapping method based on LiDAR and Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU). By introducing IMU, performing extrinsic calibration, and time synchronization with the LiDAR, the issue of mapping drift caused by inconsistent coordinate systems is addressed, leading to improved mapping accuracy. Furthermore, to compensate for IMU zero-bias errors, IMU preintegration is employed to calibrate the point cloud and optimize the initial values of the LiDAR odometry. A novel iVox voxel-based point cloud registration method is used to enhance registration efficiency without compromising mapping accuracy. Lastly, the Iterative Extended Kalman Filter (IEKF) is incorporated into the back-end state estimation to propagate and correct the estimated state using IMU data, enabling precise state estimation and map updates. This research is of significant importance in addressing the challenges of low mapping accuracy and real-time performance in single-sensor SLAM, providing an effective solution for environment perception and path planning in autonomous driving systems.
A NEW METHOD FOR IMPROVING THE ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT INDEX BASED ON DOWNSCALING OF LAND SURFACE TEMPERATURE
Authors: Han H. , Chen Q. , Wang R. , Liu R.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. In the process of urban construction and development, the ecological environment has always been an important consideration factor. How to quickly monitor the long-term ecological environment quality changes in large urban areas is currently one of the main research hotspots. With the continuous development of remote sensing intelligent cloud computing technology, the application of remote sensing methods to monitor urban ecological environment quality changes is becoming more efficient and convenient. Based on the remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) on the remote sensing intelligent cloud platform Google Earth Engine (GEE), this article innovatively proposes an improved remote sensing ecological index (DS-RSEI, Downscale-RSEI). Using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and land cover data (LULC), terrain data as auxiliary data, the method of moving window and principal component analysis is used to implement spatial downscaling of the heat components in the index, which increases the resolution of the original MODIS land surface temperature (LST) 1000-meter resolution product to 500 meters. When fusing with other images, it can supplement missing image details and improve the ability to evaluate the ecological spatial details of complex urban blocks. Through a comparative analysis of the RSEI index and the DS-RSEI index proposed in this article, it can be seen that DS-RSEI can express the details of ecological environment changes better in complex blocks.
MARITIME DOMAIN AWARENESS IN SOUTH AFRICA: A MULTISOURCE APPROACH USING REMOTE SENSING AND AIS DATA
Authors: Mdakane L. W. , Sibolla B. , Haupt S.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA) is a key factor in ensuring the security, safety, economy, and environment of the maritime domain. Due to the large size of the EEZ, vessel tracking is essential for security, economy, tourism, and safety. However, the failure of one of the two Copernicus Sentinel-1 satellites has posed a significant challenge, hindering the effectiveness of monitoring dark targets. To address this limitation, this study presents the integration of multiple data sources, allowing the mapping of both vessels and dark targets while providing comprehensive analytics to inform decision makers and improve South Africa’s maritime domain awareness efforts. The results demonstrated the potential of combining SAR, optical and AIS data to effectively monitor and manage vessel activities in the South African EEZ. Using these diverse data sources, decision makers can gain real-time insights into maritime traffic, identify potential risks or illicit activities, and make informed decisions to protect national interests and promote sustainable practises within the maritime domain.
CONTINUOUS 3D-LABEL SEMI-GLOBAL MATCHING FOR SATELLITE STEREO
Authors: Patil S. , Guo Q.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. We present Continuous 3D-Label Semi-Global Matching (CoSGM), a new dense stereo matching algorithm for satellite stereo. CoSGM overparameterizes the disparity map as an array of local planes, so it can regularize the first-order smoothness of the estimated disparity. Furthermore, the algorithm can produce a dense normal map beside the disparity map. We show experimentally that CoSGM could achieve denser depth maps with comparable accuracy to traditional semi-global matching algorithms.
SYNERGY OF ADVANCED PROCESSING TECHNIQUES USING COPERNICUS SAR AND OPTICAL SATELLITE IMAGERY TO DETECT GROUND DISPLACEMENTS: THE CASE STUDIES OF PYRGOS AND PAREKKLISIA VILLAGES IN CYPRUS
Authors: Tzouvaras M. , Alatza S. , Prodromou M. , Theocharidis C. , Fotiou K. , Argyriou A. , Loupasakis C. , Apostolakis A. , Pittaki Z. , Kaskara M. , Kontoes C. , Hadjimitsis D.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Cyprus has a long history of destructive tectonic activity and related geohazards. This is mainly due to its location on the Mediterranean fault zone and the interaction of the Eurasian and African plates. To study the occurrence of land displacements on a national scale, various space-based monitoring techniques exploiting the Copernicus program’s datasets were studied using Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 satellite images for the period of 2016–2021. More specifically, differential spectral indices were calculated by subtracting the reference 2016 Sentinel-2 image from an image for every year until 2021, and a parallelised version of Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) was conducted using a time series of Sentinel-1 data over the same period, to identify ground displacements over time. The PSI analysis in the area around Pyrgos and Parekklisia villages, detected Line-of-Sight (LoS) uplift phenomena of a maximum rate of 8 mm/y, in ascending and descending Sentinel-1 satellite passes. Similarly, deformation was identified from optical image processing. The integration of both techniques provided qualitative and quantitative information about ground deformation events in both areas, showcasing a complementarity of results obtained, with PSI detecting displacements in urban/built-up areas, and multispectral change detection in rural environment. In terms of correlation, the two techniques showed a fit of 31.34% in ascending and 26% in descending pass, providing additional information on the size of affected areas. This synergistic approach facilitates the systematic monitoring of areas of interest, providing significant and timely information to decision-makers, to take actions and adopt protective measures when and where it is required.
HIGH-RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGE TRIFOCAL TENSOR SOLUTION
Authors: Yang S. , Pan H. , Huang T.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. This study presents an efficient algorithm for solving the affine trifocal tensor problem in  high-resolution satellite imagery. Because the imaging mode of high-resolution satellites is usually a line-center projection and the field of view is small, it can be approximated as an affine camera for orientation. However, the nature of high-resolution satellite trifocal tensors has not been effectively studied or discussed. To address the shortcomings of the current trifocal tensor direct linear algorithm, this study proposes a minimally parameterized trifocal calculation method that can stably calculate the affine trifocal tensors of high-resolution satellites. Efficacy was demonstrated using ZY3-02 and Pleiades-Neo data.
TARGET-GUIDED LEARNING FOR RARE CLASS SEGMENTATION IN LARGE-SCALE URBAN POINT CLOUDS
Authors: Zhang X. , Lin D. , Xue R. , Soergel U.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. In large-scale urban areas, the diversity of objects and the complexity of scenes pose challenges to semantic segmentation of point clouds. In particular, the data imbalance problem often results in poor performance for rare classes in large scenes. This paper proposes a rare class segmentation method based on the target-guided transformer network. In the network, all the feature extraction and segmentation procedures are realized by attention mechanisms. The self-attention blocks are embedded in U-Net-like structure to gradually integrate the features from local to global. Then, under the supervision of our target-guided block, the instance features of data-imbalanced rare classes are mapped onto the multi-scale features. At last, a multi-layer perceptron is utilized to convert the fused features to the segmentation logits for generating the semantic labels. Experiments using the Hessigheim High- Resolution 3D Point Cloud Benchmark indicated that our approach considerably outperforms the baseline network by up to 11.66% in terms of mean F1 score. In particular, the rare classes Vehicle and Chimney obtain outstanding F1-scores of 82.40% and 82.51%, respectively. Furthermore, our method achieves an overall accuracy of 87.63%, which increases by 1.09% compared to the baseline model.