bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of an iron intervention on the zinc status of young adult New Zealand women with mild iron deficiency
Authors: Prosser Nicolas R. , Heath Anne-Louise M. , Williams Sheila M. , Gibson Rosalind S.
Published: April 2010

Interventions to combat mild Fe deficiency in women of childbearing age may affect Zn nutriture. We used dietary and laboratory indices to assess change in Zn status during a 4-month partially blinded placebo-controlled Fe intervention in women with low Fe stores (serum ferritin < 20 μg/l and Hb ≥ 120 g/l) from Dunedin, New Zealand. Subjects aged 18–40 years were randomly assigned to three groups: dietary advice (diet group; DG;n29), daily Fe supplement with meals (supplement group; SG;n23; 50 mg Fe as amino acid chelate) and placebo (placebo group; PG,n26). A validated semi-quantitative FFQ (SFFQ) was administered at baseline, and at 4, 8 and 15 weeks; fasting morning blood samples were assayed for serum Zn, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and C-reactive protein at baseline, and at 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks; hair Zn and taste detection thresholds by electrogustometry were measured at baseline and at 16 weeks. Intakes of flesh foods and vitamin C but not Zn or Fe increased, whereas phytate and phytate:Zn molar ratios decreased (allP ≤ 0·01) in the DG compared with the PG and SG, based on three SFFQ. Serum Zn increased in both the DG and PG (adjusted,P ≤ 0·002), so the between-group difference was not significant; the lack of a parallel rise in the SG was significant when compared with the PG (P = 0·02). ALP activity (but not hair Zn or taste acuity) followed a similar trend. In conclusion, Zn status was not improved compared with placebo by an Fe-based dietary intervention. However, a daily moderate-dose Fe supplement with meals appeared to lower Zn status in these young adult women.
THE PERFORMANCE AND PEDAGOGY OF NEOLIBERAL AFFECT
Authors: Lim Eng-Beng , Duggan Lisa , Muñoz José Esteban
Published: April 2010

Editor's Note: Under Mike Sell's excellent editorship, the Critical Stages column in Theatre Survey was developed as a venue for representing current issues for subdisciplinary divisions within the broader field of theatre and performance studies. As the new editor for the column, I hope to build upon Sell's previous editorial work by shifting the form of these short essays in two ways: first, by spotlighting concerns that reach both inside the many corners of our field and outside into a range of broader “publics”; and second, by engaging multiple scholars and artists in “conversations” in order to provide plural perspectives on these concerns. For this first column of my editorship, Eng-Beng Lim, Lisa Duggan, and José Esteban Muñoz track several micro- and macromaneuverings of neoliberalism—from the classroom to the department to the “global university”—and consider how theatre and performance scholars might approach the political difficulties currently threatening the mission of higher education.
Creativity on demand: Historical approaches and future trends
Authors: Puccio Gerard J. , Cabra John F. , Fox J. Michael , Cahen Helene
Published: April 2010

This paper provides a brief introduction to the field of creativity studies. After more than 60 years of scientific study, there is much that has been learned about how to teach and facilitate creative thinking. We review some of the well-known methods for fostering creativity on demand, as well as the research that has explored the efficacy of these approaches.
Modeling the interplay of multilevel risk factors for future academic and behavior problems: A person-centered approach
Authors: Lanza Stephanie T. , Rhoades Brittany L. , Nix Robert L. , Greenberg Mark T. ,   The Conduct Problems Prevention Research Group
Published: April 2010

This study identified profiles of 13 risk factors across child, family, school, and neighborhood domains in a diverse sample of children in kindergarten from four US locations (n= 750; 45% minority). It then examined the relation of those early risk profiles to externalizing problems, school failure, and low academic achievement in Grade 5. A person-centered approach, latent class analysis, revealed four unique risk profiles, which varied considerably across urban African American, urban White, and rural White children. Profiles characterized by several risks that cut across multiple domains conferred the highest risk for negative outcomes. Compared to a variable-centered approach, such as a cumulative risk index, these findings provide a more nuanced understanding of the early precursors to negative outcomes. For example, results suggested that urban children in single-parent homes that have few other risk factors (i.e., show at least average parenting warmth and consistency and report relatively low stress and high social support) are at quite low risk for externalizing problems, but at relatively high risk for poor grades and low academic achievement. These findings provide important information for refining and targeting preventive interventions to groups of children who share particular constellations of risk factors.
Personal-accentuation and contextual-amplification models of pubertal timing: Predicting youth depression
Authors: Rudolph Karen D. , Troop-Gordon Wendy
Published: April 2010

This research examined personal-accentuation and contextual-amplification models of pubertal timing, wherein personal and contextual risks magnify the effects of earlier pubertal maturation on youth depression. A sample of 167 youths (Mage = 12.41 years,SD= 1.19) and their maternal caregivers completed semistructured interviews and questionnaires at two waves. Consistent with a personal-accentuation model, earlier pubertal maturation more strongly predicted subsequent depression in youths with prior depression, certain personality traits, and maladaptive stress responses than in youths without these personal risks. Several of these effects were specific to earlier-maturing girls. Consistent with a contextual-amplification model, earlier pubertal maturation more strongly predicted subsequent depression in youths exposed to recent maternal depression and family stress than in youths without these contextual risks. These findings identify key characteristics of youths and their family context that help to explain individual variation in depressive reactions to earlier pubertal maturation. More broadly, this research contributes to integrative models of depression that consider the interplay among personal vulnerability, contextual risk, and developmental transitions.
Spatial overlap between foraging seabirds and trawl fisheries: implications for the effectiveness of a marine protected area at Golfo San Jorge, Argentina
Authors: YORIO PABLO , QUINTANA FLAVIO , DELL’ARCIPRETE PATRICIA , GONZÁLEZ-ZEVALLOS DIEGO
Published: April 2010

Assessing human activities and understanding their interaction with seabirds constitute important steps in the development of adequate conservation planning schemes. We evaluated the spatial use of the marine environment by foraging Magellanic PenguinsSpheniscus magellanicusand Imperial CormorantsPhalacrocorax atricepsbreeding at a newly designated marine park in Golfo San Jorge, Argentina, to assess the potential spatial conflict between these seabirds and commercial hake and shrimp trawl fisheries. GPS loggers were deployed on 45 adults of both species during the 2006 and 2007 breeding seasons. Distribution of hauls made by hake and shrimp trawlers was obtained from the On-board Observer Program of Chubut Province. Penguin foraging range varied between 25.8 and 120.1 km while cormorant foraging range varied between 1.5 and 68.2 km. Distances travelled to fishing grounds were short for both species (< 4.43 km) and, depending on the season, they spent a significant part of their time at sea within waters used by both fisheries (penguins: 17.9–66.2%; cormorants: 46.0–89.0%). In both years, foraging Magellanic Penguins and Imperial Cormorants showed a clear overlap with operating vessels. The observed foraging patterns of penguins and cormorants suggest a high probability of spatial conflict. Moreover, incidental mortality was regularly recorded in both fisheries, at rates that varied between 0.02 and 0.34 individuals per haul depending on species and fishery. Although one of the goals of the new marine park is the protection of Magellanic Penguin and Imperial Cormorant populations, the defined boundaries do not appear to be adequate for their effective protection. Results suggest the need to re-evaluate the spatial design of the park and/or the definition of management actions in waters outside the park to minimise negative effects on penguins and cormorants.
Notes relating to the Flora of Bhutan: XX. Lloydia (Liliaceae)
Authors: Noltie H. J.
Published: April 2010

Lloydia himalensis is confirmed as being synonymous with L. serotina; L. yunnanensis is reported for the first time from the E Himalaya; L. delicatula Noltie sp. nov. is described; L. mairei and L. serotina var. parva are discussed.
A new Pulicaria from southern Yemen
Authors: Gamal-Eldin E. M. , Boulos L.
Published: April 2010

Pulicaria hadramautica Gamal-Eldin & Boulos (Asteraceae, Inuleae), a new species belonging to sect. Platychaete is described and illustrated from S Sayun, Republic of Yemen.
Steam's Dictionary of Plant Names for Gardeners - a handbook on the origin and meaning of the botanical names of some cultivated plants. W.T. Steam.
Authors: Rae David A.H.
Published: April 2010

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EJB volume 51 issue 2 Cover and Back matter
Authors: Editor Journal
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Notes relating to the Flora of Bhutan: XXVI. Smilacaceae: Smilax
Authors: Noltie H. J.
Published: April 2010

The following new taxa, combinations and synonymy in the genus Smilax from E Himalaya and SW China are proposed: S. myrtillus var. rigida Noltie, var. nov., S. elegans Wall, ex Kunth subsp. subrecta Noltie, subsp. nov. of which S. longebracteolata Hook.f., and S. elegans var. major A.DC. are synonyms; S. elegans subsp. glaucophylla (Klotzsch) Noltie, comb. & stat. nov., S. elegans subsp. osmastonii (Wang & Tang) Noltie, comb. & stat. nov., S. elegans subsp. microphylla (C.H. Wright) Noltie, comb. & slat. nov. of which S. microphylla var. angustifolia Warb., S. castaneiflora H. Lév., S. labordei H. Lév. and S. gracillima H. Lév. & Vaniot are synonyms. Notes are provided on Warburg's varieties angustifolia, nigrescens and elongata of S. microphylla. S. bockii Warb. is reduced to synonymy of Helerosmilax japonica Kunth. S. glaucophylla Klotzsch, S. osmastonii Wang & Tang, S. microphylla C.H. Wright and S. minutiflora A.DC. are lectotypified; S. elegans Wall, ex Kunth and S. wallichii Kunth are neotypified.
The bamboos of Nepal and Bhutan. Part II: Arundinaria, Thamnocalamus, Borinda, and Yushania (Gramineae: Poaceae, Bambusoideae)
Authors: Stapleton C. M. A.
Published: April 2010

This paper continues the systematic treatment of the bamboos of Nepal and Bhutan, covering four hardy temperate genera with semelauctant inflorescences and 3 stamens from the subtribe Arundinariinae Bentham. Arundinaria Michaux has leptomorph rhizomes, while Thamnocalamus Munro, Yushania Keng f., and the new genus Borinda have pachymorph rhizomes. The separation of these and related Sino-Himalayan genera is discussed. Sinarundinaria Nakai is treated as a synonym of Fargesia Franchet, a genus that is not known from the Himalayas. A new treatment of Himalayan Thamnocalamus species is given, including the description of two new subspecies of Thamnocalamus spathiflorus (Trin.) Munro, subsp. nepalensis and subsp. occidentalis, and one new variety, bhutanensis. T. aristalus is treated as a synonym of T. spathiflorus subsp. spathiflorus, and Fargesia crassinoda Yi is transferred and given new status as Thamnocalamus spathiflorus (Trin.) Munro var. crassinodus (Yi) Stapleton. Two new species of Borinda are described: B. chigar from West Nepal and B. emeryi from East Nepal. Six species of Fargesia from Tibet are transferred to Borinda, which thus comprises eight species.
The extra-European lichen collections of Archibald Menzies MD. FLS (1754–1842)
Authors: Galloway D. J.
Published: April 2010

Two hundred years after their gathering, the pioneering lichen collections made by Archibald Menzies between 1784 and 1802 during his career as a naval surgeon are recorded and discussed. The bulk of Menzies's lichens come from three major collection periods: the Halifax Station (Nova Scotia) of 1784–1786; his time as surgeon to James Colnett on the circumnavigation of the Prince of Wales (1786–1789); and his extensive tour as naturalist to Vancouver's Discovery expedition (1791–1795). Menzies's extra-European lichen collections were the most extensive ever made during the 18th century and contain many first discoveries and type collections: (1) Nova Scotia, 16 taxa in 11 genera, 1 type; (2) Staten Island, 32 taxa in 19 genera, 5 types; (3) west coast of North America, 83 taxa in 45 genera, 11 types; (4) Sumatra, 10 taxa in 7 genera; (5) Cape of Good Hope, 30 taxa in 23 genera; (6) New Zealand, 14 taxa in 6 genera; (7) Tahiti, 5 taxa in 4 genera; (8) Hawaii, 25 taxa in 13 genera; (9) St Helena, 10 taxa in 8 genera. Major repositories of Menzies lichens are the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, the Linnean Society of London (James Edward Smith herbarium) and the Natural History Museum, London.
Siebold's Florilegium of Japanese Plants. Edited by Y. Kimura and V. I. Grubov.
Authors: Noltie H. J.
Published: April 2010

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EJB volume 56 issue 2 Cover and Front matter
Authors: Editor Journal
Published: April 2010

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Karyotype and seed protein analyses of Lycium(Solanaceae) in Iran
Authors: Sheidai M. , Narengi Z. , Khatamsaz M.
Published: April 2010

Twelve populations of six Lycium species were analysed for karyotypie characters and seed storage proteins using multivariate statistical methods. All reported chromosome numbers (mostly new) are 2n = 24 (x = 12). Karyotypes were symmetrical and placed in 1A and 2A classes of Stebbins karyotype classification. Cluster analysis of karyological and protein data revealed variations among the populations of L. depressum and L. ruthenicum, and supports close relationships of L. kopetdaghi and L. depressum with L. makranicum, and L. shawii with L. edgeworthii.
1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. Edited by Kerry S. Walter and Harriet J. Gillett, compiled by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre.
Authors: Coleman M.
Published: April 2010

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A Fragile Eden: portraits of the endemic flowering plants of the granitic Seychelles. R. Wise.
Authors: Cronk Q. C. B.
Published: April 2010

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The Journals of Hipolito Ruiz, Spanish Botanist in Peru and Chile 1777-1788. Transcribed from the original manuscript by Jaime Jaramillo-Arango, translated by Richard Evans Schultes and Maria Jose Nemry von Thcnen de
Authors: Pennington T. D.
Published: April 2010

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Ianhedgea (Brussicaceae). a new generic name replacing the illegitimate Microsisymbrium
Authors: Al-Shehbaz I. A. , O'Kane S. L.
Published: April 2010

The generic name Microsisymbrium O.E. Schulz was illegitimate when described because it included the type of Guillenia Greene. The monotypic Ianhedgea is proposed to include one of the 12 species previously assigned to Microsisymbrium, i.e. M. minutiflorum (Hook.f. & Thomson) O.E. Schulz. The proper generic placement of the remaining 11 species of Microsisymbrium is presented. The following new combinations are made: Ianhedgea minutiflora (Hook.f. & Thomson) Al-Shehbaz & O'Kane, I. minutiflora subsp. brevipedicellata (Hedge) Al-Shehbaz & O'Kane, and Neotorularia quingshuiheense (Ma & Z.Y. Zhu) Al-Shehbaz, O'Kane & G. Yang.
Montane forest in the Dumoga Bone National Park, North Sulawesi
Authors: Milliken W. , Proctor J.
Published: April 2010

Lower montane rainforest and upper montane forest on the slopes and summit of Gunung Sinombayuga, Dumoga Bone National Park, North Sulawesi, were described by general botanical collection and quantitative sampling. The lower montane forest was dominated by the families Fagaceae, Myrtaceae, Icacinaceae and Escalloniaceae. The upper montane forest, dominated by Fagaceae and Cunoniaceae, represented 75-year-old coppice regeneration. It was less diverse than the lower montane forest and lower in stature, with a smaller basal area per hectare and a higher proportion of multi-stemmed trees. The tree flora of the montane forest is poorly known, and rich in undescribed species.
EJB volume 49 issue 2 Cover and Front matter
Authors: Editor Journal
Published: April 2010

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EJB volume 49 issue 2 Cover and Back matter
Authors: Editor Journal
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Reduction Of Spongiosyndesmus Gilli to Ladyginia Lipsky (Umbelliferae)
Authors: Pimenov Michael G. , Kljuykov Eugine V.
Published: April 2010

Comparative morphological and carpological investigation shows that Ladyginia and Spongiosyndesmus are congeneric. An emended generic description of Ladyginia is given and two new nomenclatural combinations Ladyginia afghanica and L. gigantea are made.
EJB volume 50 issue 3 Cover and Front matter
Authors: Editor Journal
Published: April 2010

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Studies in the Flora of Arabia: XXVIII. Some new taxa from the Arabian Peninsula
Authors: Chamberlain D. F. , Clement R. A. , Lamond J.
Published: April 2010

This paper provides two new combinations and formal descriptions for eight new species and three new subspecies that have resulted from the preparation of accounts for Volume 1 of the Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra for the genera Cleome (Capparaceae), Polycarpaea, Silene, Gypsophila and Dianthus (Caryophyllaceae), and Rubus (Rosaceae).
Novitates from the flora of the Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Ghazanfar S. A.
Published: April 2010

In this paper I present new taxa, new records and new locations of two biogeographically important species collected from 1990 to 1993 in the Sultanate of Oman. Holotypes are present at ON and duplicates of new records are at E, ON and at the Herbarium, Sultan Qaboos University (abbreviated in this paper as SQUH; not in Index Herbariorum).
Some contributions to the Turkish Flora
Authors: Alpinar K.
Published: April 2010

A new species of Erodium is described from Anatolia. Three new records for the Flora of Turkey area, namely Pilularia minuta Durieu ex A. Braun. Campanula rotundifolia L. and the cultivated Bauhinia variegata L. var. variegata, are given. The occurrence of Viola canina L. is confirmed. Infraspecific variation in Papaver persicum Lindl., Aethionema iberideum (Boiss.) Boiss., Laserpitium petrophilum Boiss. & Heldr., Campanula trachyphylla Schott & Kotschy and Marrubium astracanicum Jacq. is discussed. Descriptions and illustrations of the previously unknown fruits of Gypsophila pulvinaris Rech. fil. and Onosma nigricaule H. Riedl are also given. Some minor changes in the descriptions of Heliotropium greuteri H. Riedl, Onosma tschihalschevii M. Popov and Ballota saxatilis Sieber ex J. & C. Presl are given.
EJB volume 52 issue 1 Cover and Back matter
Authors: Editor Journal
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Editorial
Authors: Coppins Brian
Published: April 2010

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EJB volume 52 issue 3 Cover and Back matter
Authors: Editor Journal
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Pseudoselago, a new segregate from Selago
Authors: Hilliard O. M.
Published: April 2010

Pseudoselago Hilliard (Scrophulariaceae) accommodates 28 species differing from Selago L. sens. str. in a number of fundamental characters including those of bract and calyx (long-persistent, not falling after the cocci are shed), cocci (soft-walled, not hard-walled), seeds (compressed, not fusiform), and hairs on vegetative parts (thinwalled, not sculptured). It comprises species enumerated under Selago section Spurieae Rolfe (1901: 163–168) as well as S. heterophylla Rolfe (nom. illegit.; Pseudoselago similis Hilliard) and 16 newly described species. The genus is endemic to the SW Cape.
EJB volume 55 issue 2 Cover and Front matter
Authors: Editor Journal
Published: April 2010

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Two new Orobanche species from the Arabian Peninsula
Authors: Foley M. J. Y.
Published: April 2010

Two new species of Orobanche (Orobanchaceae) are described from the Arabian Peninsula: O. dhofarensis M.J.Y. Foley sp. nov. and O. hypertomentosa M.J.Y. Foley sp. nov., whilst O. abyssinica Richard is lectotypified.
Biosystematic Monograph of the Genus Cucumis (Cucurbitaceae), Botanical Identification of Cucumbers and Melons. J. H. Kirkbride, Jr.
Authors: Monro A.
Published: April 2010

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Studies on the flora and vegetation of the Golestan National Park, NE Iran*. III. Three new species, one new subspecies and fifteen new records for Iran
Authors: Akhani H.
Published: April 2010

Centaurea golestanica Akhani & Wagenitz (Compositae), Eriocycla ghafooriana Akhani (Umbelliferae), Plantago podlechii Akhani (Plantaginaceae,) and Seseli tortuosum L. subsp. kiabii Akhani (Umbelliferae) are described as new from Golestan National Park, NE Iran. The following species are new additions to the Iranian flora from that area: Allium vavilovii Popov & Vved., Alyssum alyssoides (L.) L., Atraphaxis seravschanica Pavlov, Carex pseudocyperus L., Ceratophyllum submersum L., Euphorbia humilis C.A. Mey. ex Ledeb., Gagea glacialis K. Koch, Lactuca georgica Grossh., Linosyris vulgaris Cass. ex Less., Myosotis alpestris F.W. Schmidt, Myosotis arvensis (L.) Hill, Myosotis minutiflora Boiss. & Reuter, Potamogeton natans L., Rumex caucasicus Rech. f. and Vicia cassubica L. Details on the habitat and associated species are given based on field studies and phytosociological relevés. Maps of distribution within the Park of all species and illustrations or photographs are given for some of the taxa concerned.
Two new species of Umbelliferae from Southern Turkey
Authors: Duran A. , Duman H.
Published: April 2010

Two new Umbelliferae species from S Anatolia are described and illustrated: Chaerophyllum aksekiense A. Duran & Duman and Tordylium ketenoglui Duman & A. Duran.
The Genus Inga: Botany. T. D. Pennington.
Authors: Hughes C. E.
Published: April 2010

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Molecular Tools for Screening Biodiversity. Edited by A. Karp, P. G. Isaac and D. S. Ingram.
Authors: Hollingsworth P. M.
Published: April 2010

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EJB volume 50 issue 2 Cover
Authors: Editor Journal
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A remarkable bolete: validation of Boletus peltatus
Authors: Watling Roy
Published: April 2010

Boletus peltatus Comer is validated, based on two recent records from lowland dipterocarp forests near Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
A Taxonomic Revision of Lamium (Lamiaceae). [Leiden Botanical Series, 11]. J. Mennema.
Authors: Mill R. R.
Published: April 2010

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Amomum roseisquamosum (Zingiberaceae), a new epiphytic ginger from Borneo
Authors: Nagamasu H. , Sakai S.
Published: April 2010

Amomum roseisquamosum (Zingiberaceae) is described from Sarawak, Borneo. This new species is related to A. borneense and A. epiphyticum of Smith's (1989) Group V for Bornean species, sharing an epiphytic habit, crested anther-thecae and flattened fruits, but differs in having white flowers, a shorter corolla tube equal to the calyx tube, and lateral petals connate to the labellum. The systematic position is discussed.
Notes relating to the Flora of Bhutan: XXX. Gentianaceae
Authors: Aitken E. , Long D. G.
Published: April 2010

Two new species of gentian, Gentiana wangchukii E. Aitken & D.G. Long sp. nov., endemic to Bhutan, and Gentianella urnigera E. Aitken & D.G. Long sp. nov., from East Nepal, Sikkim, Central and Northern Bhutan and Yunnan, China, are described. Their generic placement and differences from allied species are discussed. The new combination Lomatogonium himalayense (Klotzsch) E. Aitken comb. nov. is made and this name is applied to plants previously ascribed to L. carinthiacum (Wulfen) Reichenbach from the East Himalaya; the basionym Pleurogyne himalayensis Klotzsch is lectotypified and epitypified. The genus Tripterospermum is reviewed in the Flora of Bhutan area and two species are recognized: T. volubile (D. Don) Hara and T. nigrobaccatum Hara. Within T. volubile, two subspecies are recognized: subsp. volubile and subsp. longipes E. Aitken & D.G. Long subsp. nov. T. luteoviride (C.B. Clarke) Murata, in the past treated as a distinct species, is placed in synonymy of subsp. volubile.
Notes relating to the Flora of Bhutan: XXXI. Rubiaceae
Authors: Springate L. S.
Published: April 2010

The following new species and new combinations are proposed for plants occurring in Bhutan or adjacent parts of India or China (Xizang): Catunaregam longispina (Link) Tirveng., Galium hoffmeisteri (Klotzsch) Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem. ex R.R. Mill, Leptodermis amoena Springate, L. ludlowii Springate, Oldenlandia erecta (Manilal & Sivar.) R.R. Mill, Ophiorrhiza longii J.R.I. Wood, Psydrax kingii (Hook.f.) Bridson & Springate. Rubia hispidicaulis D.G. Long. A description of Psydrax kingii is provided. A lectotype is designated for Neanotis gracilis (Hook.f.) W.H. Lewis. Notes are provided on Leptodermis lanceolata Wall., L. kumaonensis R. Parker and L. stapfiana Winkler. The correct author citation of Rubia manjith is discussed.
EJB volume 53 issue 2 Cover and Back matter
Authors: Editor Journal
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Analysis of the floristic composition of the Brazilian cerrado vegetation II: Comparison of the woody vegetation of 98 areas
Authors: Ratter J. A. , Bridgewater S. , Atkinson R. , Ribeiro J. F.
Published: April 2010

An analysis was made of the floristic composition of 98 areas of cerrado and Amazonian savanna, encompassing most of the area of such vegetation in Brazil. A total of 534 species of trees and large shrubs were recorded for these areas, of which 158 (30%) occurred at a single site only. Such unicates and taxa without determinations to specific level were excluded from the study since they provide no basis for comparison. The data were analysed by three techniques of multivariate analysis: (a) a divisive hierarchical classification by Two-way Indicator Species Analysis (TWINSPAN). (b) an agglomerative hierarchical classification by UPGMA (Unweighted Pair-Groups Method using Arithmetic Averages) using the Sørensen Coefficient of Community (CC) as a measure of similarity, and (c) an ordination by Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA). The results from all three methods showed great similarity, demonstrating a strong geographic pattern in the distribution of the flora of the cerrado biome and allowing the recognition of southern (Sâo Paulo and S Minas Gerais), southeastern (largely Minas Gerais), central (Federal District, Goiás and parts of Minas Gerais), central-western (largely Mato Grosso, Goiás and Mato Grosso do Sul) and northern groups (principally Maranhão, Tocantins and Pará), as well as a disjunct group of Amazonian savannas. Soil type (mesotrophic or dystrophic) is an important factor in determining floristic composition. The study demonstrated that cerrado vegetation is extremely heterogeneous: none of the 534 species occurred at all sites and only 28 species were present at 50% or more.
The Galium acutum and G. asperifolium species complexes in the eastern Himalaya
Authors: Mill R. R.
Published: April 2010

Critical discussions are presented concerning two species complexes within Galium L. (Rubiaceae). the G. acutum Edgew. and G. asperifolium Wall, groups, with special reference to the E Himalayas. In the G. acutum group, two new species, G. megacyttarion R.R. Mill sp. nov. and G. rebae R.R. Mill sp. nov., are described and G. himalavense Klotzsch & Garcke is reduced to a variety of G. acutum, necessitating a new combination. Within the G. asperifolium group, G. craticulatum R.R. Mill sp. nov. is described, and G. asperifolium and G. sikkimense Gand. regarded as distinct species. The typification of several epithets (G. blinii Lev., G. bodinieri Lév., G. cavaleriei Lév., G. comari Lév. & Vaniot, and G. esquirolii Lév.), which all antedate G. sikkimense, is discussed. Only G. cavaleriei poses a potential threat but it is here maintained separate from G. sikkimense. Brief notes on G. asperifolium sensu stricto and supposedly allied plants of south India (G. asperifolium var. pilosissimum Cufod.) are given.
Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes on Philippine ferns. I. The identity of Asplenium anisodontum C.Presl (Aspleniaceae)
Authors: Salgado A. E.
Published: April 2010

The synonymy of Asplenium unisodontum C.Presl (Aspleniaceae) in the Philippines is clarified. Asplenium anisodontum C.Presl. A. longissimum Blume and A. caudatum G.Forst. are different species. A. anisodontum C.Presl and A. longissimum Blume are both found in the Philippines. The presence of Asplenium cuudatum G.Forst. in the Philippines is doubtful. Asplenium acutiusculum Blume is the same as A. longissimum Blume and the latter name should be accepted.
Wind and Trees. Edited by M. P. Coutts and J. Grace.
Authors: Fagerstedt K. V.
Published: April 2010

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EJB volume 48 issue 3 Cover
Authors: Editor Journal
Published: April 2010

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Observations on the boletes of the Cooloola Sand-mass, Queensland and notes on their distribution in Australia: Part 3. Lamellate taxa
Authors: Watling Roy , Gregory Norma M.
Published: April 2010

The lamellate boletes found in the Cooloola Sand-mass, Queensland are described and discussed in the light of earlier Australian records of paxilloid fungi. Nine species of Paxillus are discussed, two in Tapinella, which is maintained as a separate entity, and 11 are assigned to Phylloporus. Of the last, eight are new records to Australia and two are new species. Three appendices cover various aspects of studies on Australian boletes which have come to light since the publication of this series, including notes on the host-range of the parasitic hyphomycete Sepedonium.
EJB volume 47 issue 2 Cover and Front matter
Authors: Editor Journal
Published: April 2010

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EJB volume 47 issue 2 Cover and Back matter
Authors: Editor Journal
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Sectional names in the genus Hieracium(Asteraceae) sensu stricto
Authors: Stace C. A.
Published: April 2010

The literature from 1794 to the present on the infrageneric classification of Hieracium L. sensu stricto is analysed. The 38 informal groups recognized in Flora Europaea by Sell & West (1976) are considered as sections, and the correct name for each at that rank is listed, with basionym and synonymy. The 38 names include three new combinations and four new sections.
Studies on the flora and vegetation of the Golestan National Park*, NE Iran. II. A new Poa and some new and noteworthy grass records for Iran
Authors: Akhani H. , Scholz H.
Published: April 2010

Poa golestanensis H. Scholz & Akhani spec. nov. is described from the Golestan National Park, NE Iran. The following species are added to the grass flora of Iran from that area: Alopecurus aequalis Sobol., Cleistogenes serotina (L.) Keng, Heteropogon contortus (L.) P. Beauv. ex Roem. et Schult., Hordelymus europaeus (L.) Harz. The occurrence in Iran of Poa compressa L., P. densa Troitsky, and Bothriochloa bladhii (Retz.) S.T. Blake which were not mentioned in Rechinger's Flora Iranica but were reported in later papers is confirmed. The maps of distribution in the Park are provided for the treated species.
Gesneriaceae of the Old World I. New and little-known species of Cyrtandra from Malesia
Authors: Burtt B. L.
Published: April 2010

Cyrtandra sect. Dissimiles C. B. Cl., sect. Radicicaules Kraenzlin and sect. Radiciflorae Kraenzlin are lectotypified. Two varieties are raised to specific rank: C. dispar var. glabriflora B. C. Stone to C. stonei (Malay Peninsula), C. decurrens var. polyneura C. B. Cl. to C. polyneura (Sulawesi). Nineteen new species are described (11 from Sarawak, 1 from Sarawak and Kalimantan, 7 from Sabah—6 of them from Mt Kinabalu). Annotations are provided on 6 previously known species: C. calycina Benth. (New Guinea), C. debilis Kraenzlin (Kalimantan), C. farinosa C. B. Cl. (Sarawak), C. ligulifera C. B. Cl. (New Guinea), C. rubropicta Kraenzlin (Kalimantan and Sarawak), and C. russa C. B. Cl. (Sarawak).
Three New Delphiniums from Turkey
Authors: Tan Kit , Ilarslan R.
Published: April 2010

Three more new species of Delphinium (Ranunculaceae) belonging to sect. Delphinastrum DC, are described and illustrated from S and NE Anatolia: D. petrodavisianum, D. kitianum and D. iris.
New taxa in Tanacetum (Anthemideae) from Pakistan
Authors: Khan Ranoq
Published: April 2010

A new species, Tanacetum gilyiyii R. Khan, is described and the new name T. emodi R. Khan and the new combinations T. roylei (DC.) R. Khan and T. stoliczkae (C.B. Clarke) R. Khan are validated.
Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae vol. 59(1) & 59(2), Primulaceae. F. M. Chen and C. M
Authors: Lauener L. A.
Published: April 2010

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A new species from Ethiopia and an interesting disjunction in Tylophora (Asclepiadaceae)
Authors: Meve U. , Liede S.
Published: April 2010

A new species of Tylophora, T. corollae Bullock ex Meve & Liede (Asclepiadaceae), is described from Ethiopia. This delicate twiner is characterized by yellow, shield-shaped corona lobes with apical appendages.The non-twining shrub up to lm high, T. fleckii (Schltr.) N.E. Br., so far known to be endemic to Namibia, is for the first time recorded from NE Africa. The interesting biogeographical implications resulting from the extraordinary gap of 4500km in its distribution are discussed.
Subfossil oospores of Characeae from two sites in the Ingleborough Region of West Yorkshire
Authors: Oybak E. , Bartley D. D.
Published: April 2010

Subfossil oospores of Characeae from two Late-glacial sites, Sniddle Moss and Thieves' Moss, in the Ingleborough Region of West Yorkshire, were examined under light and scanning electron microscopes. An attempt was made to identify tentatively the characean species based principally on features of the oospore wall. Doubt attaches to one of the two species of Nitella recognized (N. flexilis, N. opaca?), one Chara species was attributed to the C. vulgaris complex, and other oospores belonging to the latter genus were placed in groupings based on oospore characters.
EJB volume 54 issue 1 Cover and Front matter
Authors: Editor Journal
Published: April 2010

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Fungi of Australia: Vol. 1A Introduction - Classification; Vol. IB Introduction - Fungi in the Environment. Executive Editor A. E. Orchard. Volume Editors K. Mallett & C. Grgurinovic.
Authors: Watling R.
Published: April 2010

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Two new species and a new combination in Australian Typhonium (Araceae Tribe Areae)
Authors: Hay A.
Published: April 2010

Typhonium praetermissum and T. taylori (Araceae) are described as species new to science from the Northern Territory, Australia. The first is intermediate in character between Typhonium Schott and Lazarum A. Hay. Consequently, Lazarum is reduced to the synonymy of Typhonium and the new combination Typhonium mirabile is made. The new species are illustrated.
A reassessment of Pinus Subgen. Pinus in China
Authors: Li De-Zhu
Published: April 2010

A recent study of Pinus subgen. Pinus for the Flora of China project recognized 10 native species with four new combinations, all at subspecies rank, and determined one new homonym, and six new synonyms. A neotype is designated for P. kesiya. Doubtful or little-known species are listed.
Steam's Dictionary of Plant Names for Gardeners. W. T. Steam.
Authors: Campbell E.
Published: April 2010

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EJB volume 55 issue 1 Cover and Back matter
Authors: Editor Journal
Published: April 2010

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Cortinarius subgenus Phlegmacium section Phlegmacioides (= Variecolores) in Europe
Authors: Brandrud T. E.
Published: April 2010

The taxonomy of Cortinarius subgen. Phlegmacium sect. Phlegmacioides (= Variecolores) in Europe is emended to include 18 species, classified in three subsections: Subsect. Variecolores: C. variecolor (emended to include C. nemorensis sensu R. Henry, Mos.), C. violaceomaculatus, C. spadicellus (= C. amigochrous), C. largus (= C. nemorensis sensu J.E. Lange, C. lividoviolaceus), C. coalescens, C. patibilis var. patibilis, C. patibilis var. scoticus, C. kuehneri and C. russus; Subsect. Balteati: C. balteatus (= C. subbalteatus), C. durus var. durus, C. durus var. chamaesalicis, C. balteatotomentosus, C. balteatoalbus var. balteatoalbus (= C. crassus sensu J.E. Lange), C. balteatoalbus var. areni-silvae, C. vacciniophilus (= C. latus sensu Mos.), C. acidophilus, C. balteatocumatilis (=C. violaceocinctus), C. hysginus (=C. latobalteatus) and C. borgsjoeensis; Subsect. Serarii: C. serarius (= C. eulepistus). Nine taxa have not been previously included in taxonomic treatments of the group.The species delimitations are discussed, and the diagnostic characters and their differentiation are studied. Species descriptions are provided. Two large species complexes were recognized, the C. variecolor and the C. balteatus complexes, the taxa of which had a large degree of overlapping character variation, frequently with only one, discontinuously varying character. The species have different and often less strict edaphic requirements than found elsewhere in the subgenus. Most species are rare and with a limited distribution, many of them belonging to a Picea or Betula-associated, ± northern, boreal element. A few species have a broad range of mycorrhizal hosts and a very wide distribution in Europe.
Interaction of Saturn's magnetosphere and its moons: 1. Interaction between corotating plasma and standard obstacles
Authors: Jia Y.‐D. , Russell C. T. , Khurana K. K. , Toth G. , Leisner J. S. , Gombosi T. I.
Published: April 2010

The interaction of Saturn's inner magnetosphere with its moons ranges from the addition of significant quantities of gas, dust, and plasma, causing significant consequences for the dynamics and energetics of the entire Saturnian magnetosphere, to the simple absorption of plasma and energetic particles by the icy moons with non‐electrically conducting interiors. The interaction with these moons is complex with the contribution of many physical processes, depending on the geometry of any plume, the structure of the atmosphere, and its interaction with the surface and interior of the moon, the latter by induced fields. Our ultimate goal is to understand the complexities of this interaction and its temporal variations, especially at Enceladus. In this paper we use magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) code for addressing the flow around obstacles that are simpler than the Enceladus interaction. These simulations both help us understand the interaction with other icy moons and prepare us for the simulation of the flow around Enceladus. The processes involved include ordinary collisions, impact ionization, photoionization, and charge exchange. We examine a series of simple canonical interactions before we later apply our simulation where the multiple processes are occurring simultaneously with asymmetric geometries. We apply our 3‐D MHD model to simulate the interaction between the Saturnian corotational plasma flow for the following cases: an absorbing body having an insulating surface; ion pickup via photo and impact ionization from a spherically symmetric neutral cloud; charge exchange with such a neutral cloud; and ion pickup at an insulating, absorbing body with an atmosphere acted upon by the sum of the three ionization processes. In addition to validating the model and obtaining a deeper understanding of the consequences of each interaction, we can immediately make some conclusions about the Enceladus interaction. We find that the magnetometer data are most consistent with the surface of Enceladus being absorbing and insulating, rather than the surface being reflecting and electrically conducting. For the conditions in the corotating flow at Enceladus, the perturbation to the plasma flow produced by photo/impact ionization is an order of magnitude smaller than that produced by charge exchange. Moreover, the perturbation to the magnetic field Bz component by a spherically symmetric mass loading source alone is an order of magnitude smaller than that observed in the neighborhood of the plume. Thus, the perturbation observed in the magnetometer data is primarily due to the mass loading in the plume, which is primarily ion‐neutral charge exchange. The geometry and source strength of the plume are investigated in a following paper.
An evaluation of nutrient nonpoint offset trading in Virginia: A role for agricultural nonpoint sources?
Authors: Stephenson Kurt , Aultman Stephen , Metcalfe Todd , Miller Alex
Published: April 2010

Many advocates of water quality trading in the United States frequently assume that agricultural nonpoint sources will be the primary trading partner for regulated point sources. Virginia requires regulated point sources to offset new nutrient discharges. Nutrient offsets generated by agricultural nonpoint source reductions are compared against urban nonpoint source and nutrient assimilation offsets. Evidence suggests that agricultural nonpoint source offsets may not be a technically feasible or particularly cost effective compliance option for regulated point sources.
Improving Optics‐Physics‐Biology Coupling in Ocean Ecosystem Models: Optical Physical and Ecosystem Regional Assessment (OPERA) Workshop; La Spezia, Italy, 14–16 December 2009
Authors: Trees Charles , Calzado Violeta Sanjuan , Basiktepe Sukru
Published: April 2010

Modeling three‐dimensional coupled physical and biogeochemical processes in natural waters has developed over the past 2 decades to a stage where hindcasting and forecasting of ecosystem behavior are considered feasible. Constrained by physical variabilities such as wind, currents, density, and light, ecosystem models seek to reproduce and predict ocean biogeochemical cycles. The physical environment of marine ecosystems can generally be defined with confidence through ocean circulation models, which are largely independent of the ecosystem itself and represent the external forcing on ecosystem models. By contrast, the physical optics determining the distribution of light in the water column must be two‐way coupled with ecosystem models.
Addressing Scientific Challenges for Air Quality Forecasting: International Workshop on Air Quality Forecasting Research; Boulder, Colorado, 2–3 December 2009
Authors: Frost Gregory J. , Meagher James F.
Published: April 2010

The past decade has seen explosive growth of emissions‐ based air quality (AQ) forecasting from a fledgling enterprise practiced by a few dedicated groups to a global network of daily AQ forecasts provided on local to global scales. These forecasts are used by health, environmental, and meteorological agencies in a host of AQ‐related services. The provision of daily operational AQ forecasts, however, comes with challenges different from those faced by the weather forecasting or regulatory AQ modeling communities. A loosely knit group of practitioners has worked to address these scientific challenges, resulting in improvements to AQ forecast skill and reliability over time.
AGU Position Statement: Geoengineering the Climate System: Statement adopted by Council 13 December 2009 Adopted from the statement written by the American Meteorological Society and adopted by the AMS Council on 20 July 2009
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2010

Human responsibility for most of the well‐documented increase in global average temperatures over the last half century is well established. Further greenhouse gas emissions, particularly of carbon dioxide from the burning of fossil fuels, will almost certainly contribute to additional widespread climate changes that can be expected to cause major negative consequences for most nations.1

Three proactive strategies could reduce the risks of climate change: 1) mitigation: reducing emissions; 2) adaptation: moderating climate impacts by increasing our capacity to cope with them; and 3) geoengineering: deliberately manipulating physical, chemical, or biological aspects of the Earth system.2 This policy statement focuses on large‐scale efforts to geoengineer the climate system to counteract the consequences of increasing greenhouse gas emissions.
Role of submonthly disturbance and 40–50 day ISO on the extreme rainfall event associated with Typhoon Morakot (2009) in Southern Taiwan
Authors: Hong Chi‐Cherng , Lee Ming‐Ying , Hsu Huang‐Hsiung , Kuo Jui‐Ling
Published: April 2010

Typhoon Morakot that made landfall on Taiwan during 7–9 August 2009 caused record‐breaking rainfall in Southern Taiwan and nearly 700 deaths from mudslides. It was the most severe natural disaster in Southern Taiwan caused by a typhoon in 50 years. Different from typical typhoon cases, characterized by an isolated vortex, Typhoon Morakot was embedded in a large‐scale convection region with monsoon circulation of different time scales in the tropical western North Pacific. Morakot's landing on Taiwan occurred concurrently with the arrival of a large‐scale cyclonic circulation in a submonthly wave pattern (10–30‐day) during the cyclonic phase of the 40–50‐day intraseasonal oscillation. It is suggested that the abundant moisture supply from the southwesterly embedded in the multiscale large‐scale circulation and the topographic lifting effect of steep terrain resulted in the record‐breaking rainfall in Southern Taiwan.
On science and philosophy
Authors: Pigliucci Massimo
Published: April 2010

Massimo Pigliucci notes that little has changed since Charles Snow's famous essay The two cultures: science and philosophy remain divided. Practitioners of both should accept that they are distinct and equally valid methods to analyse and interpret the world we live in.
Oxygen Therapy Reduces Secondary Hemorrhage after Thrombolysis in Thromboembolic Cerebral Ischemia
Authors: Sun Li , Zhou Wei , Mueller Christian , Sommer Clemens , Heiland Sabine , Bauer Alexander T , Marti Hugo H , Veltkamp Roland
Published: April 2010

Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) and normobaric hyperoxia (NBO) protect the brain parenchyma and the cerebral microcirculation against ischemia. We studied their effect on secondary hemorrhage after thrombolysis in two thromboembolic middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) (tMCAO) models. Beginning 60 minutes after tMCAO with either thrombin-induced thromboemboli (TT) or calcium-induced thromboemboli (CT), spontaneously hypertensive rats ( n=96) breathed either air, 100% O2 (NBO), or 100% O2 at 3 bar (HBO) for 1 hour. Immediately thereafter, recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA, 9 mg/kg) was injected. Although significant reperfusion was observed after thrombolysis in TT-tMCAO, vascular occlusion persisted in CT-tMCAO. In TT-tMCAO, NBO and HBO significantly reduced diffusion-weighted imaging–magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesion volume and postischemic blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability on postcontrast T1-weighted images. NBO and, significantly more potently, HBO reduced macroscopic hemorrhage on T2* MRI and on corresponding postmortem cryosections. Oxygen therapy lowered hemoglobin content and attenuated activation of matrix metalloproteinases in the ischemic hemisphere. In contrast, NBO and HBO failed to reduce infarct size in CT but both decreased BBB damage and microscopic hemorrhagic transformation. Only HBO reduced hemoglobin extravasation in the ischemic hemisphere. In conclusion, NBO and HBO decrease infarct size after thromboembolic ischemia only if recanalization is successful. As NBO and HBO also reduce postthrombolytic intracerebral hemorrhage, combining the two with thrombolysis seems promising.