bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Externalidades positivas geradas pelo parque olhos d’água ao mercado imobiliário de Brasília (DF) por meio de índices hedônicos
Authors: Santarlacci Angelo de Sousa , Nogueira Jorge Madeira , Martins Ildeu Soares , Joaquim Maísa Santos , Souza Ãlvaro Nogueira de
Published: September 2019

O estudo estimou os benefícios econômicos gerados ao mercado imobiliário em Brasília (DF) pela implementação do Parque Olhos D’Água, por meio de índices de preços hedônicos. Demonstrou-se a importância econômica de parques urbanos na valorização imobiliária e também a disposição do consumidor em pagar mais por imóveis situados próximos ao parque. Também foi observado que os benefícios econômicos gerados foram maiores que o custo de implantação do parque urbano, o que apoia a estruturação de mecanismos públicos para a criação, conservação, implantação e manutenção de áreas verdes urbanas.
CROWDIMPACTING VIRTUAL COMMUNITY
Authors: FERNANDEZ ADRIAN , CHALMETA RICARDO
Published: September 2019

Crowdimpacting is a form of participatory financing in projects that generate a positive social or environmental impact, in addition to an economic benefit. This initiative arises in Spain, as a very attractive and beneficial financing model for society. However, it faces a series of barriers that can limit its expansion.
This reflexion article analyzes the current situation of crowdimpacting, identifies the barriers faced, and proposes a solution to overcome two of these barriers: the creation of an online crowdimpacting community. This community will allow a greater diffusion of impact projects among potentially interested investors, as well as the link between the entity proposing the project and the investors will not disappear once the necessary funds for the development of the project have been collected. The methodology used combines the critical analysis of the existing literature on crowdfunding and crowdimpacting, as well as the inductive method.
The main conclusions of the work carried out are that (1) the crowdimpacting is a new investment formula that offers a viable alternative to traditional financing methods, while allowing small investors to participate in the development of socially and environmentally responsible projects; and (2) the creation of an online community can help to overcome some of the barriers to crowdimpacting supporting its dissemination and consolidation.

Keywords: crowdimpacting, barriers, online community, impact projects
KINETICS QUASIINVARIANTS OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS IN OPEN SYSTEMS
Authors: Fedotov Vladislav Kh. , Kol'tsov Nikolay I.
Published: September 2019

The methods of nonequilibrium multi-experiments are one of the new approaches to solving inverse problems of chemical kinetics and optimization of chemical reactors. Currently, these methods are developed only for closed isothermal systems. In this paper, a generalization of the dual-experiment method and its extended version of the multi-experiment method for open systems is obtained, which allows to determine the approximate kinetic invariants (quasiinvariants) of chemical reactions in open continuous stirred tank reactor. The multi-experiment method for open systems is based on conducting two or more special nonequilibrium (unsteady) experiments under certain conditions. For nonlinear reactions of arbitrary complexity (multi-step, multi-equilibria), simple relations are obtained that allow to calculate the conditions for nonequilibrium experiments necessary for the identification of the reaction mechanism under study. The method allows to use any permissible values, except equilibrium ones, as initial values of reagent concentrations. The technique of carrying out multi-experiments and performing the necessary numerical calculations based on the multiple integration of systems of ordinary differential equations under different initial conditions is developed. The examples of using the developed method for one-stage linear and two-stage nonlinear reactions with two and three reagents are given. Found with the help of this method, the kinetic curves of the nonequilibrium quasiinvariants compared with the nonequilibrium curves of change of concentrations during the whole reaction. It is shown that quasiinvariant curves change within narrower limits than concentrations in different experiments, i.e. remain practically constant in time. The obtained results are also applicable for open nonisothermal systems.
BIFUNCTIONAL СО/SIO2-Fe-ZSM-5-Al2O3 CATALYSTS FOR SYNTHESIS OF HYDROCARBONS OF ENGINE FRACTIONS
Authors: Savostyanov Alexander P. , Yakovenko Roman E. , Narochny Grigory B. , Nepomnyashchikh Evgenia V. , Mitchenko Sergey A.
Published: September 2019

The process of obtaining motor fractions of hydrocarbons on bifunctional Со/SiO2-Fe-ZSM-5-Al2O3, catalysts obtained by mixing has been studied. The effect of the method of introducing iron into a catalyst (in the form of reduced iron and its nitrate) at the molding stage is studied. The catalysts were tested in a continuous mode for 30 h at a gas volume velocity of 1000 h-1, a pressure of 2 MPa and a temperature of 240 ° C. It is shown that when iron is introduced in the form of a reduced powder, the temperature gradient in the catalyst bed decreases, and the selectivity for C5+ hydrocarbons increases by 6% in comparison with the catalyst sample without the addition of iron. It has been established that the introduction of iron into the catalyst in the form of a nitrate salt is a less effective method. It blocks the operation of polymerization and acid sites of bifunctional catalysts, contributes to a reduction in CO conversion and selectivity for C5+ hydrocarbons. It is shown that the introduction of iron significantly changes the group composition and molecular-mass distribution of the produced hydrocarbons - the shares of saturated hydrocarbons are increases, predominantly of a linear structure, the yield of olefins decreases. The obtained C5+ hydrocarbons mainly consist of gasoline and diesel fractions. The introduction of iron promotes an increase in the content of diesel fractions in synthesis products. Thus, with the introduction of iron in the form of a nitrate salt, the content of the diesel fraction increased by 1.2 times in comparison with the sample of a catalyst without iron.
SYNTHESIS AND STUDY OF PROPERTIES OF DERIVATIVES OF PHLOROGLUCINOLMETHYLVIOLOGEN AS ANTIOXIDANT ADDITIVES TO OILS
Authors: Alexanyan Karina G. , Stokolos Olga A. , Salmanov Samir Yu. , Naletova Anna V. , Mikhailov Eduard R. , Yarullin Nikita R. , Agadzhanyan Sona A.
Published: September 2019

At the present time there is a need to search for new organic compounds with pronounced antioxidant activity. In this work, we studied indicators of antioxidant stability of the compounds obtained by the modification of the phloroglucinol and methylviologen, and identified the basic principles of the synthesis of antioxidant additives. Moreover, the synthesized compounds can act as metal deactivator. These deactivators are phenolic compounds containing functional groups, for example, the iminogroup, which lead to the deactivation of the metal ion through the formation of stable complexes. A literature review showed that in order to achieve it, iminogroup should be introduced. It is worth mentioning that it can reduce the solubility of the compound in hydrocarbon. To solve this problem, it is necessary to introduce higher alkyl radicals to the molecule. In this paper, a number of antioxidant additives such as aminophenols were synthesized. To obtain the antioxidants of the type of spatially hindered phenols, also able to bind cations of metals in chelate complexes, that is, potentially able to be metal deactivators, a series of Schiff bases were synthesized via an intermediate product of the acylation. In the course of the work the corresponding substituted triamine benzenes from phloroglucinol methyl and phloroglucinol were obtained. The resulting compounds exhibit high antioxidant activity. The synthesized compounds were characterized via 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, IR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The trials carried out with compounds on the basis of phloroglucinol and methylviologen showed that some of them have good antioxidant properties and can be recommended for the further more details investigation as well as for synthesis of an array with a similar structure with various substituting groups.
STUDY OF DILUTED SOLUTIONS OF PORPHYRIN-CONTAINING POLYMERIC SYSTEMS BASED ON POLY-4-VINYLPYRIDINE
Authors: Petrova Maria V. , Аgeeva Тatiana А. , Rodina Sofia S. , Koifman Oscar I.
Published: September 2019

The dynamic light scattering method was used to determine the diffusion coefficients and hydrodynamic radius of particles in diluted dimethylformamide solutions of poly-4-vinylpyridine, polystyrene, styrene and 4-vinylpyridine copolymers with different comonomer compositions and poly-4-vinylpyridine modified by zinc meso-tetraphenilporphrine. The temperature range was from 20 °C to 25 °C. The copolymers were obtained in different conditions - by thermal and microwave heating.  In order to determine the optimal conditions for the behavior of macromolecular reactions involving these polymers, diluted solutions of all samples were studied by the viscometric method. For these systems, a solvent of appropriate quality was selected, the structure of the solution was studied, the interaction of the solvent with the polymer was evaluated, the parameters of the macromolecular ravel were calculated: characteristic viscosities, Huggin’s constants, root-mean-square distances between the ends of the chains and the specific indicator of the system taking into account the molecular weight of the polymers was presented. It is shown, that the values of characteristic viscosity fall with increasing temperature, the Huggin’s constant, on the contrary increases. These data indicate that the "quality" of the solvent for the systems under study is deteriorating, that is, the tangle of macromolecules in dimethylformamide shrinks with increasing temperature. This behavior is typical for systems with a lower critical temperature of dissolution. The introduction of the porphyrin fragment into the polymer macromolecule loosens the macromolecular coil, but does not change the behavior of the system in the solution as a whole. The results obtained by the quasi-elastic light scattering method are consistent with the data obtained by the viscometric method. The surface morphology and elemental composition of poly-4-vinylpyridine and coordination-related porphyrin polymers on its basis were studied by scanning electron microscopy.
PROMOTING EFFECT OF PYRIDINE BASES ON INDIRECT ELECTROCHEMICAL OXIDATION OF ALCOHOLS
Authors: Kashparova Vera P. , Ilchibaeva Irina B. , Smirnova Nina V. , Kagan Efim Sh. , Shubina Elena N. , Zhukova Irina Yu.
Published: September 2019

The effect of pyridine on the reaction of indirect electrochemical oxidation of alcohols to carbonyl compounds by the catalytic system of 4-acetylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl - iodine in a two-phase aqueous-organic medium: methylene chloride - an aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate (pH 8.6) was studed. It was shown that  the process of indirect electrochemical oxidation of alcohols is accelerated by 1.5–2 times in the presence of pyridine. The corresponding aldehydes and ketones are formed with a high yield (75-95%) after passing 2-2.2 F of electricity. Additionally, the effect of other pyridine bases (2,6-lutidine, 4-acetylpyridine, 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine, collidine) on indirect electrochemical oxidation of alcohols was studied using the example of 1-octanol. The absence of significant differences in the promoting action of pyridine bases was established and it was shown that in all cases the octanol is obtained with a high yield and coulombic efficiency (90-95 %). A mechanism for the reaction of indirect electrochemical oxidation of alcohols with the participation of 4-acetylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl and pyridine bases is proposed. The promoting effect of pyridine (or other pyridine bases) consists in the formation of an intermediate complex between the base, oxoammonium cation and alcohol. The formation of the complex facilitates the rapid transfer of the proton from the alcohol to the pyridine base and the hydride ion to the oxoammonium cation with the formation of the corresponding carbonyl compound from the alcohol. The preparative methods for the electrochemical synthesis of carbonyl compounds from aliphatic, cyclic, aromatic, heterocyclic alcohols including synthesis of 2,5-diformylfuran from 5-hydroxymethylfurfuralin using the two-phases catalytic system of 4-acetylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl - potassium iodide in the presence of pyridine bases, are proposed.
Geometry and Generation of a New Graph Planarity Game
Authors: Kraaijer Rutger , Van Kreveld Marc , Meulemans Wouter , Van Renssen André
Published: September 2019

We introduce a new abstract graph game, ${\rm S{\small WAP} P{\small LANARITY}}$, where the goal is to reach a state without edge intersections and a move consists of swapping the locations of two vertices connected by an edge. We analyze this puzzle game using concepts from graph theory and graph drawing, computational geometry, and complexity. Furthermore, we specify quality criteria for puzzle instances, and describe a method to generate high-quality instances. We also report on experiments that show how well this generation process works.
Diffusion d’un label RSE au sein d’un cluster de PME
Authors: Bonneveux Élise , Gautier Arnaud
Published: September 2019

La valorisation d’actions RSE mises en place par les organisations est devenue ces dix dernières années un enjeu mondial majeur. En atteste le nombre croissant de dispositifs de certification proposés aux entreprises privées comme publiques (ISO 26000, SD 21000…). Cependant, force est de constater que très souvent ces dispositifs ne sont pas adaptés au contexte de la PME, alors qu’elles représentent l’essentiel des organisations privées. Tout l’enjeu réside alors dans la compréhension d’une part, des objectifs poursuivis par les concepteurs d’un dispositif de labellisation responsable et d’autre part des besoins des organisations qui participent à un processus de labellisation pour accompagner les PME vers une performance durable. Nous nous sommes proposé, dans cette recherche, d’étudier la diffusion d’un label d’entreprise responsable (ENR) dans un réseau de clusters de PME du secteur du numérique, en mobilisant la théorie de la traduction ou théorie de l’acteur-réseau (ANT). La méthode mobilisée permet de suivre l’évolution du label ENR « en train de se développer » et d’en comprendre le succès relatif à travers l’analyse des relations entre les acteurs. Les résultats de cette étude qualitative conduisent tout d’abord à distinguer trois étapes majeures dans la diffusion de la labellisation, favorisant l’allongement du réseau et la pérennisation de l’innovation. Puis, une typologie d’engagement en faveur du label est proposée selon le degré d’intéressement et d’enrôlement des PME au sein du réseau.
Du porteur de projet à l’entreprise sociale : un parcours entrepreneurial atypique ?
Authors: Boughzala Yasmine , Rhodesly Dhouha , Chouki Mourad
Published: September 2019

Cet article propose d’analyser le parcours entrepreneurial des entrepreneurs sociaux, de leur vécu à la gestion de leur entreprise. Au-delà des motivations et des passions qui les animent dans leur quête de création de valeur sociale, nous mettons en avant les différentes compétences nécessaires pour structurer et gérer leurs entreprises sociales. Afin de répondre à l’objectif principal de cette étude, une démarche fondée sur des entretiens semi-directifs exploratoires a été adoptée auprès de dix entrepreneurs sociaux de la région lyonnaise (France). Les résultats ont permis de discuter deux points essentiels : la nature des outils mobilisés dans la gestion de l’entreprise sociale et le type des compétences de l’entrepreneur social pour mener à bien son projet.
C’est qui le vrai patron ?
Authors: Hirigoyen Gérard , Villéger Amélie
Published: September 2019

Les copreneurs sont des couples qui dirigent ensemble une entreprise. Cet article conceptuel met en lumière le partage du pouvoir dans le contexte copreneurial en distinguant entre pouvoir formel et pouvoir informel. Les propositions émises tendent à montrer que le pouvoir informel, très majoritairement détenu par les femmes, n’est ni moins nécessaire ni moins déterminant que le pouvoir formel. De plus, l’association efficiente de ces deux types de pouvoir favoriserait la lisibilité de la structure entrepreneuriale et réduirait les coûts d’opposition entre conjoints et les coûts de non-conformité sociale. Enfin, elle aurait une influence sur la performance de la firme copreneuriale.
Avant les inondations
Authors: Denton David , Izaguirre Dario , Casault Kathryn , Izaguirre-Falardeau Gabrielle
Published: September 2019

Les grands projets hydroélectriques peuvent avoir des effets dévastateurs sur les peuples autochtones. L’évaluation et l’atténuation des impacts archéologiques, très souvent planifiées et réalisées sans un engagement réel des autochtones, peuvent être considérées par les communautés concernées comme ayant des impacts négatifs. Comment l’archéologie, réalisée dans ce contexte, peut-elle mieux répondre aux objectifs et aux préoccupations des communautés ? Les auteurs du présent article décrivent un programme d’archéologie réalisé entre 2003 et 2009 par les Cris d’Eeyou Istchee sur deux projets hydroélectriques connexes, en mettant l’accent sur les efforts déployés par les Cris pour préserver leur patrimoine culturel à travers le Programme sur l’archéologie et le patrimoine culturel (PAPC). Dans ce programme, l’archéologie n’était qu’un élément dans un ensemble d’activités visant à constituer des archives culturelles et historiques sur les zones touchées et à réaliser des programmes éducatifs destinés aux jeunes Cris, ainsi qu’à célébrer et commémorer ces terres. Le PAPC comportait un degré élevé d’engagement et de contrôle de la part de la communauté ainsi qu’une collaboration étroite avec les aînés et les utilisateurs des terres cris. Les connaissances cries et les méthodes axées sur la communauté ont été essentielles pour déterminer les résultats. Dans cette optique, cet article examine les défis auxquels le PAPC a été confronté et les résultats obtenus, pour conclure que de tels projets peuvent à la fois améliorer la qualité scientifique de la recherche archéologique et, parallèlement, au moins timidement, promouvoir la guérison de la communauté et la reconnexion avec la terre et les traditions ancestrales.
La formation d’Autochtones en archéologie au Québec et au Canada
Authors: Burke Adrian L.
Published: September 2019

Cette note de recherche présente un survol de la situation au Québec et au Canada concernant la formation d’Autochtones en archéologie. Les différentes communautés autochtones du Québec veulent développer leurs capacités internes pour gérer les ressources archéologiques sur leur territoire. Pour ce faire, il faut former plus d’Autochtones en archéologie. Les défis sont nombreux en ce qui concerne la formation, et l’accréditation des archéologues au Québec demeure un problème. Pour la formation des Autochtones en archéologie au Québec, l’auteur propose un modèle général qui sera adapté aux besoins et aux réalités de chaque communauté.
L’accessibilité aux aires de jeux dans les parcs de la Communauté métropolitaine de Montréal
Authors: De Alvarenga Bernardo , Apparicio Philippe , Séguin Anne-Marie
Published: September 2019

Notre objectif, dans cet article, est de vérifier l’existence d’iniquités environnementales en termes d’accessibilité aux aires de jeux sur le territoire de la Communauté métropolitaine de Montréal pour les enfants, les familles monoparentales, les personnes à faible revenu et les minorités visibles. Deux indicateurs d’accessibilité spatiale sont calculés : une mesure de proximité et une mesure de disponibilité basée sur l’offre et la demande d’aires de jeux. La cartographie des deux indicateurs démontre que, dans les banlieues, ces populations résident plus loin de l’aire de jeux la plus proche (souvent à plus 750 m) qui est par ailleurs faiblement saturée (peu d’utilisateurs potentiels dans un rayon de 1000 m) alors que, dans le centre de l’agglomération de Montréal, les enfants résident à proximité d’une aire de jeux (souvent à moins de 500 m), mais qui est potentiellement saturée. Les résultats des régressions démontrent l’absence d’iniquités flagrantes pour les quatre groupes de population. Toutefois, la population à faible revenu a une accessibilité plus limitée alors que les familles monoparentales bénéficient d’une meilleure accessibilité.
Le territoire « essentiel » et « essentialisé » de la rivière Romaine des Innus d’Ekuanitshit
Authors: Desmeules Alexia , Guimond Laurie
Published: September 2019

Depuis 2009, les membres de la communauté innue d’Ekuanitshit (aussi appelée Mingan) sur la Côte-Nord au Québec sont confrontés à un projet hydroélectrique d’envergure sur la rivière Romaine, partie intégrante du Nitassinan, leur territoire ancestral. La construction de quatre barrages, centrales et réservoirs, pour un coût estimé à 6,5 milliards de dollars, en fait l’un des plus gros chantiers en cours de développement dans le Nord canadien. Dans cet article, nous proposons une réflexion sur l’essentialisme dans le contexte de mégaprojets d’exploitation des ressources naturelles sur des territoires autochtones. En puisant dans les transformations du rapport identitaire que les Innus entretiennent avec la rivière Romaine, nous explorons les stratégies mises en place, d’un côté, pour renforcer leurs revendications, aspirations, et territorialités distinctes, de l’autre côté, pour les discréditer. Notre analyse révèle que, malgré les effets pervers de l’essentialisation des territorialités autochtones, le territoire n’en demeure pas moins essentiel.
Trajectoires de localisation, tendance de regroupement d’établissements et forme urbaine à Lévis (Québec)
Authors: Lolo Zikpi Yao
Published: September 2019

Avec les données spatiales des biens immobiliers et en utilisant l’approche du modèle de Bernoulli et des techniques de système d’information géographique (SIG), nous analysons, dans cette étude, le comportement spatiotemporel des regroupements d’établissement dans la ville de Lévis, afin de répondre aux questions suivantes : les établissements tendent-ils à se regrouper par secteur économique en des lieux précis ? Si oui, peut-on délimiter les pôles d’activité économique à Lévis ? Les taux d’incidence y sont-ils différents ? L’évolution de la localisation des regroupements d’établissements suit-elle des trajectoires précises ? Peut-on en déduire la forme urbaine de Lévis ? Les résultats indiquent trois zones comme principaux pôles d’attraction des établissements. Les trajectoires de localisation des établissements se situent le long de certaines autoroutes de la rive sud du fleuve Saint-Laurent et d’autres routes joignant la périphérie à la rive. On en déduit que Lévis présente le caractère d’une ville polycentrique où la tendance d’agglomération s’effectue par différents secteurs ou par même secteur.
L’usage de l’anglais dans une école de langue française en milieu minoritaire : un véritable enjeu ?
Authors: Mady Callie
Published: September 2019

This article presents the results of a study whose goal was to support French language learners and their teachers, in kindergarten classes in a French language school in Ontario. Data were collected through classroom observations and interviews with the teachers and early childhood educators, who also participated in a professional learning community addressing the needs of French language learners. The participants revealed that language use was their biggest concern. The majority of these teachers and early childhood educators indicated that participation in the professional learning community influenced their use of English in class. The participants stated that they had increased consciousness and confidence in students’ ability to learn French without the use of English, which motivated them to progressively reduce their English use while encouraging students’ French use.
LOS AVATARES DEL FINANCIAMIENTO PARA EL DESARROLLO LOCAL EN MÉXICO: PERSPECTIVAS DECISIONALES DE INSTITUCIONES BANCARIAS
Authors: Vega Campos Miguel Ángel , Mballa Louis Valentin , Ibarra Cortés Mario Eduardo
Published: September 2019

Resumen. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar una revisión de literatura sobre los mecanismos de financiamiento del desarrollo local, a través de algunas instituciones financieras a nivel internacional y, particularmente, en México. El argumento central es que la estrategia más factible para que los países logren esquemas adecuados de desarrollo local radica en el diseño e implementación de diferentes esquemas de financiamiento donde todas las personas, ya sean físicas o morales, tengan acceso a créditos que coadyuven en la potenciación de mejores condiciones de desarrollo humano. A través de un método simple de revisión de literatura, llegamos a la conclusión de que muchos de los productos o servicios financieros no han tenido la difusión o promoción necesaria para su real aplicación, que permitan mejorar las condiciones económicas o sociales de la ciudadanía.
 
Palabras clave: financiamiento, instituciones, banco, desarrollo local.
 
Abstract. The objective of this article is to present a literature review on financing mechanisms of local development, through some international financial institutions and particularly in Mexico. The central argument is that the most feasible strategy for countries to achieve adequate local development schemes lies in the design and implementation of different financing schemes where all people, whether physical or moral, have access to credits that contribute to the empowerment of better conditions of human development. Through a simple method of literature review, we conclude that many of the financial products or services have not had the diffusion or promotion necessary for its real application, that allow to improve the economic or social conditions of the citizens.
 
Key words: financing, institutions, bank, local development.
DIÁLOGO ENTRE ARTISTAS Y ARTESANOS EN UN ENTORNO RURAL: EJEMPLO DE DESARROLLO SOCIOCOMUNITARIO EN LA COMARCA DEL MAESTRAZGO TUROLENSE
Authors: Gascon Herrero Laura
Published: September 2019

Resumen. Durante dos años (2015-2017) la Diputación Provincial de Teruel participó con otros tres socios de Rumanía y Hungría en el proyecto ARTEC de la iniciativa Europa Creativa para fomentar el diálogo entre artistas y artesanos. En el artículo se detallan las acciones para lograr ese objetivo implicando a personas de todas las edades en entornos naturales y patrimoniales que permitiesen la reflexión y la inspiración. También se comentan las estrategias aplicadas para conseguir el éxito en la participación de los alumnos, de la población de las localidades implicadas y las entidades. Este caldo de cultivo también logró el respaldo de los medios de comunicación lo que fue también positivo para conseguir el apoyo de los políticos de la institución.
 
Palabras clave: artistas, artesanos, tradición, arte, Diputación de Teruel.
Informe editorial, número 5 (2019)
Authors: Escribano Pizarro Jaime , Melo Escrihuela Carme
Published: September 2019

Informe editorial de TERRA. Revista de Desarrollo Local, relativo al número 5, publicado en 2019. Instituto Interuniversitario de Desarrollo Local
Epiphytic fungi induced pathogen resistance of invasive plant Ipomoea cairica against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
Authors: Xu Hua , Zhu Minjie , Li Shaoshan , Ruan Weibin , Xie Can
Published: September 2019

Background. Ipomoea cairica (L.) Sweet is a destructive invasive weed in South China but rarely infected with pathogens in nature. Its pathogen resistance mechanism is largely unknown at present. Some non-pathogenic isolates of Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium fujikuroi are prevalent on many plant species and function as pathogen resistance inducers of host plants. The objective of the present research is to investigate whether the symbiosis between the both fungi and I. cairica is present, and thereby induce pathogen resistance of I. cairica. Methods. Through field investigation, we explored the occurrence rates of F. oxysporum and F. fujikuroi on leaf surfaces of I. cairica plants in natural habitats and compared their abundance between healthy leaves and leaves infected with Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, a natural pathogen. With artificial inoculation, we assessed their pathogencity to I. cairica and study their contribution of pathogen resistance to I. cairica against C. gloeosporioides. Results. We found that F. oxysporum and F. fujikuroi were widely epiphytic on healthy leaf surfaces of I. cairica in sunny non-saline, shady non-saline and sunny saline habitats. Their occurrence rates reached up to 100%. Moreover, we found that the abundance of F. oxysporum and F. fujikuroi on leaves infected with C. gloeosporioides were significantly lower than that of healthy leaves. With artificial inoculation, we empirically confirmed that F. oxysporum and F. fujikuroi were non-pathogenic to I. cairica. It was interesting that colonization by F. fujikuroi, F. oxysporum alone and a mixture of both fungi resulted in a reduction of C. gloeosporioides infection to I. cairica accompanied by lower lesion area to leaf surface area ratio, increased H2O2 concentration and salicylic acid (SA) level relative to the control. However, NPR1 expression, chitinase and β -1,3-glucanase activities as well as stem length and biomass of I. cairica plant only could be significantly improved by F. oxysporum and a mixture of both fungi but not by F. fujikuroi. In addition, as compared to colonization by F. oxysporum and a mixture of both fungi, F. fujikuroi induced significantly higher jasmonic acid (JA) level but significantly lower β -1,3-glucanase activity in leaves of I. cairica plants. Thus, our findings indicated the symbiosis of epiphytic fungi F. fujikuroi and F. oxysporum facilitated the fitness of I. cairica via the induced systemic resistance of host plant against C. gloeosporioides. F. oxysporum played a dominant role in inducing pathogen resistance of I. cairica. Its presence alleviated the antagonism of the JA signaling on SA-dependent β -1,3-glucanase activity and enabled I. cairica plants to maintain relatively higher level of resistance against C. gloeosporioides.
Extensive ribosome and RF2 rearrangements during translation termination
Authors: Svidritskiy Egor , Demo Gabriel , Loveland Anna B , Xu Chen , Korostelev Andrei A
Published: September 2019

Protein synthesis ends when a ribosome reaches an mRNA stop codon. Release factors (RFs) decode the stop codon, hydrolyze peptidyl-tRNA to release the nascent protein, and then dissociate to allow ribosome recycling. To visualize termination by RF2, we resolved a cryo-EM ensemble of E. coli 70S•RF2 structures at up to 3.3 Å in a single sample. Five structures suggest a highly dynamic termination pathway. Upon peptidyl-tRNA hydrolysis, the CCA end of deacyl-tRNA departs from the peptidyl transferase center. The catalytic GGQ loop of RF2 is rearranged into a long β-hairpin that plugs the peptide tunnel, biasing a nascent protein toward the ribosome exit. Ribosomal intersubunit rotation destabilizes the catalytic RF2 domain on the 50S subunit and disassembles the central intersubunit bridge B2a, resulting in RF2 departure. Our structures visualize how local rearrangements and spontaneous inter-subunit rotation poise the newly-made protein and RF2 to dissociate in preparation for ribosome recycling.
"I make films to be seen": the narrative issue of Flora Gomes
Authors: Oliveira Jusciele
Published: September 2019

The feature films by Flora Gomes: Mortu nega (1988), Udju azul di Yonta (1992), Po di sangui (1996), Nha fala (2002) and Republica di mininus (2012) narrate stories that speak of transits, music, woman, children, war, (neo)colonialism, cosmogony, life, death, love, birth, migration, of tradition, modernity, collectivity; using as scenario, the countryside, outdoors, with ironic, critical and metaphorical speeches. In this sense, the present abstract "I make films to be seen": an analysis of the film narrative of Flora Gomes" proposes emphasizing the elements of narrative cinematography of the fiction films of Flora Gomes present in the discourse, in themes, in the soundtrack, in orality, in time, in duration, in space, in camera movements, in the preparation of actors, in the work of illumination of the black body, in the scenery, not the visual metaphors of this director.
Queer Representation Incorporated at “Him”, Character of “The Powerpuff Girls”
Authors: Santos Gustavo , Mancio Camila Peres , Maranho Elisa
Published: September 2019

In audiovisual's history, minorities as LGBTQ+ people had been excluded or stereotyped, thus, this study has as a guiding question understanding “Him”, character of the classic cartoon series “The Powerpuff Girls”, produced between 1998 and 2005 by Cartoon Network - by the bias of the Queer Theory, which address the questions about non-heteronormative bodies that belong to marginalized groups whose rights are denied and their lives taken. For this, a documentary and exploratory methodology was used, based on the authors researches like: Guacira Louro, Judith Butler, Edgar Morin, besides the analysis of two episodes: Octil Evil and Bash Birthday. Thus, the problematizations arised here refer to: a) How the Queer is related to Him and its possible problems and b) The dialectic between the bodies discourses accepted and excluded from the heteronormative society.  The argumentation of this research is sustained by homophobia and transphobia brazilian datas, which reveals the urge to approach matters about gender and sexuality representations.
Nzinga Mbandi: From Story to Myth
Authors: Ribeiro Orquídea Moreira , Moreira Fernando Alberto Torres , Pimenta Susana
Published: September 2019

The figure of Queen Nzinga Mbandi continues to be appreciated in fictional and/or historical narratives as a myth of postcolonial Angolan identity, allowing a continuous approach as to what concerns the modes of cultural representation. In this article, the works of Manuel Pedro Pacavira, Nzinga Mbandi (1975), Pepetela, A gloriosa família: o tempo dos flamengos (1997) and José Eduardo Agualusa, A Rainha Ginga e de como os africanos inventaram o mundo (2014) will be analyzed, as these authors, in different moments of the recent Angolan history, look at this emblematic figure, drawing on historical information produced by Cavazzi, Cadornega or Jean Louis Castilhon, among others. The works now in analysis reiterate the mythical figure of resistance to the European invaders, which was Nzinga Mbandi, or a strong orientation towards the nationalist exaltation supported by it, an evident strategy which, by the rescue of figures and cultural practices, is defined as a means to affirm negritude.
Editorial
Authors: Boto Sandra , Castro Maria Guilhermina , Soares Ana Isabel
Published: September 2019

This issue of CITAR (Journal of Arts Science and Technology) is especially devoted to what we designated as Marginalized Narratives. It is a special issue that collects studies published upon the 5th Colloquium on Narrative, Medium and Cognition, held at the University of Algarve in November 2018, and which was focused on that topic.
Genetic associations of vitamin D receptor polymorphisms with advanced liver fibrosis and response to pegylated interferon-based therapy in chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Thanapirom Kessarin , Suksawatamnuay Sirinporn , Sukeepaisarnjaroen Wattana , Tangkijvanich Pisit , Thaimai Panarat , Wasitthankasem Rujipat , Poovorawan Yong , Komolmit Piyawat
Published: September 2019

Vitamin D receptor (VDR) modulates host immune responses to infections such as hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, including interferon signaling. This study aimed to investigate the associations of VDR polymorphisms with advanced liver fibrosis and response to pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN)-based therapy in patients with chronic HCV infection. In total, 554 Thai patients with chronic HCV infection treated with a PEG-IFN-based regimen were enrolled. Six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped: theIL28BC > T (rs12979860) SNP and five VDR SNPs, comprisingFokIT > C (rs2228570),BsmIC > T (rs1544410),Tru9IG > A (rs757343),ApaIC > A (rs7975232), andTaqIA > G (rs731236). In total, 334 patients (60.3%) achieved sustained virological response (SVR), and 255 patients (46%) were infected with HCV genotype 1. The bAt (CCA) haplotype, consisting of theBsmIrs1544410 C,ApaIrs7975232 C, andTaqIrs731236 A alleles, was associated with poor response (in terms of lack of an SVR) to PEG-IFN-based therapy. TheIL28Brs12979860 CT/TT genotypes (OR = 3.44, 95% CI [2.12–5.58],p< 0.001), bAt haplotype (OR = 2.02, 95% CI [1.04–3.91],p= 0.03), pre-treatment serum HCV RNA (logIU/mL; OR = 1.73, 95% CI [1.31–2.28],p< 0.001), advanced liver fibrosis (OR = 1.68, 95% CI [1.10–2.58],p= 0.02), and HCV genotype 1 (OR = 1.59, 95% CI [1.07–2.37],p= 0.02) independently predicted poor response. Patients with the bAt haplotype were more likely to have poor response compared to patients with other haplotypes (41.4% vs 21.9%,p= 0.03). TheFokIrs2228570 TT/TC genotypes (OR = 1.63, 95% CI [1.06–2.51],p= 0.03) and age ≥55 years (OR = 2.25; 95% CI [1.54–3.32],p< 0.001) were independently associated with advanced liver fibrosis, assessed based on FIB-4 score >3.25. VDR polymorphisms were not associated with pre-treatment serum HCV RNA. In Thai patients with chronic HCV infection, the bAt haplotype is associated with poor response to PEG-IFN-based therapy, and theFokIrs2228570 TT/TC genotypes are risk factors for advanced liver fibrosis.
Neural Oxidant-stress by Azadirachtin Induces Anti-oxidative Enzymes Evincing Biomarker Potential in Paddy Pest, Spathosternum prasiniferum prasiniferum (Orthoptera:Acridoidea)
Authors: Manna Balaram , Maiti Smarajit , Das Amlan
Published: September 2019

Azadirachtin (C35H44O16/AZT) develops antifeedancy/growth-regulation/fecundity-suppression/ sterilization/oviposition/repellence and deformity in insect via biochemical/cellular changes and causes their death. Agricultural productivity/quality/eco-sustainability is concerned to this issue. ROS are cytotoxic-factors generated in invertebrates in stress-conditions. The present in-vivo/in-vitro study aimed to investigate the impact of dose dependant AZT toxicity on oxidative-stress-marker (alkaline-phosphatise/ALP; thiobarbituric-acid-reactive-substances/TBARS; non-protein-soluble-thiols/NPSH; acetyl-cholinesterase/AChE) and antioxidant-enzyme activity (superoxide-dismutase/SOD; catalase/CAT; glutathione-peroxidise/GPx; amylase) in brain/hemolymph of Spathosternum prasiniferum prasiniferum (Walker,1871) (Orthoptera:Acridoidea). Acridids are highly abundant and bio-indicator of grassland-ecosystem. During cultivation, insects are exposed (dose/time dependant) to AZT. AZT developed restlessness, jerky-movements and swarming-movements in the insects. It promoted oxidative-stress-marker in brain/hemolymphin both sexes but female had significantly stimulated antioxidant-enzymes to overcome cellular-stress. Increase of brain TBARS, antioxidant-enzymes and decrease in NPSH by AZT indicates oxidative-stress induction in this species. In several instances damage to the brain DNA was noticed. In general female insect responded more intensely with some prominent adaptive strategies.
The Role of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the Academic Performance of the University of Benin Post Graduate Students
Authors: Osagie Maxwell Scale Uwadia , Ajayi Daniel E. , Okoye Ozioma , Faith E. O. , Anwuli Emina , Osian Eunice , Osarobomwen Favour O. , Makpor Samuel Ovie , . Ehnimuah , Josiah Victoria Ehimare
Published: September 2019

Student performance has several elements, but most significant is the role the information and communication technology plays. The performance of students in modern education is quite different from the traditional method used over the past decades. ICT is a revolution and has indeed bridged the divided world of information into single entity; it has further enhanced the resourcefulness of students in various academic institutions around the globe. This study is a fact finding into the role of ICT as it relates to students performance in modern education and the traditional method of research in time past. University of Benin (Uniben) Post Graduate Students were used to solicit information required for the research decision. From the findings, it was observed that there is a significant difference between the users and non users of ICT facilities on academic activities. Tables 1, 2, 3 and 4 as tabulated below shows the positive impact of ICT on student performance. The testing, t-test was 1.96 at 0.05 significance level, while the t-value was 4.677 and this to a large degree shows clear distinction to viability of the impact of ICT on the positive performance on students.
Phenotypic Characterization and Molecular Phylogenetic Relationship of Erysiphe necator Infecting Grapes (Vitis vinifera)
Authors: Karthick Marimuthu , Kamalakannan Ayyanar , Malathi Varagur Ganesan , Paranidharan Vaikuntavasan , Sivakumar Uthandi , Kavino Mathiyazhagan , Gowrisri Nagaraj
Published: September 2019

Grapes powdery mildew is caused by the most destructive pathogen Erysiphe necator leading to severe yield losses around the world.  In order to study the phenotypic and molecular characters, the powdery mildew infected leaf samples were collected from eight different places in Coimbatore and Theni districts in the state of Tamil Nadu India. The identity of the pathogen as E. necator was established by microscopic studies and the isolates were further confirmed molecularly by amplification of Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and Cytochrome b gene (Cyt b). Further molecular confirmation was obtained by characterizing Cytochrome b. An amplicon size of ~ 367 and ~ 470 bp were obtained from amplification with Uncin144 and Uncin511 and Cyt b F and Cyt b R gene primers respectively. The identity for cyt b gene segment was 96 to 98%, similarity with E. necator isolates deposited in NCBI genbank (KY418048.1, KY418049.1).

A phylogenetic tree was constructed on the basis of nucleotide sequence of cytochrome b gene of the study isolates as well as E. necator and other Erysiphe species in NCBI database. From the tree it was evident that the study isolates from Tamil Nadu, India were very distinct from other E. necator isolates deposited in NCBI genbank database.
Pharmacological Screening for CNS Depression, Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Potentials of Sonneratia caseolaris (Linn.) Barks in Different Solvent Fraction
Authors: Munira Mst. Shirajum , Ahmed Syeda Naureen , Islam Md. Siddiqul , Islam Md. Shariful , Nesa Mst. Luthfun , Kabir Md. Humayun , Cruz Celia Vargas De la
Published: September 2019

Aims: Bark of different fractions of Sonneratia caseolaris (Linn.) (Sonneratiaceae) were screened for its analgesic, anti-inflammatory and CNS activities.

Study Design: For the purpose of these experiments the extracts were subjected to an in-vivo study.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in August 2014 in the Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Methodology: Ethanolic (ETF), ethyl acetate (EAF), chloroform(CLF) and pet ether (PTF) fractions of bark of  S. caseolaris were used to evaluate the analgesic activity using Acetic acid induced writhing and Formalin test. The same fractions were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity using Carrageenan induced hind paw edema model. The CNS depressant activity was evaluated by Hole cross method. Two doses of 150 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg were used.

Results: The different fractions produced significant (p<0.05) writhing inhibition at both doses and reduced the number of linking induced by formalin. Among these fractions the most potent activity was found in ETF about 79.40% (300 mg/kg) that was almost similar to standard Diclofenac-Na 82.78% (10 mg/kg), then EAF 74.59% followed by CLF 59.03% and PTF 52.45% at dose 300 mg/kg).

In formalin-induced paw licking model, all fractions of S. caseolaris showed superior result in the late phase compare to the early phase .The same fractions of extracts caused significant (p<0.05) inhibition of carrageenan induced paw edema in a dose dependent manner. A statistically significant (p<0.05) locomotor activity was also observed.

Conclusion: Our result revealed that all the extractives of S. caseolaris have noticeable analgesic, anti-inflammatory and CNS depressant activities.
Awareness of Corporate Social Responsibility Related Activities of Different Company for Building Brands from Customer Perspectives in Nepal
Authors: Magar Manoj Kumar Thapa , Pandit Ramanand , Parajuli Ayuska , Pandey Ashok
Published: September 2019

Aims: The purpose of this study is to explore the consciousness of customers of different company on awareness of corporate social responsibility related activities of the different companies for building brands in Nepal. 

Study Design: A quantitative methodology in the form of statistical analysis of the results was derived from the responses of a customer on to find out how CSR activities can be used in building brands in the different product used in Nepal.

Place and Duration of Study: A total of 452 consumers from various sites of Kathmandu valley from June 2018 to January 2019.

Methodology: This research applied a quantitative methodology using a survey questionnaire. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires distributed to public people who were using different products of Kathmandu Nepal. Convenience sampling was used in the distribution of the survey.

Results: The majority (40%) of the participants strongly agreed on giving values to female employees. Majority of the participants were agreed on different forms of CSR health activities done by the companies on affecting a branding.

Conclusion: Working on CSR social/community service, ethical CSR activities, CSR health activities and CSR environmental activities shall improve brand reputation.
N‐glycome signatures in human plasma: associations with physiology and major diseases
Authors: Dotz Viktoria , Wuhrer Manfred
Published: September 2019

N‐glycome analysis in total plasma or serum yields information about the levels and glycosylation patterns of major plasma glycoproteins, including immunoglobulins, acute‐phase proteins, and apolipoproteins. Until recently, glycomic studies in disease settings largely suffered from small cohort sizes, poor analytical resolution, and poor comparability of results owing to the diversity of analytical techniques. Here, we report on recent advances in high‐throughput mass spectrometry glycomics technology that enabled elucidation of N‐glycome signatures in the plasma of patients with type 2 diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, or colorectal cancer. Use of this technology revealed both commonalities and differences among disease fingerprints. Moreover, we summarize findings on glycomic signatures associated with age, sex, and body mass index. High‐throughput, high‐resolution glycomics technologies, together with robust data analysis workflows, will advance clinical translation.