bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
India in Pursuit of Millennium Development Goals: Were the Targets Really Feasible?
Authors: Prachitha J. , Dhume Akshay , Subramanian S.
Published: March 2019

In recent years, the Indian National Health Mission (NHM) was introduced by the Government of India as an umbrella of health programs to cover reproductive and child health, adolescent health, and selected disease control programs. These programs were given a mandate to accelerate the achievement of the health-related Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by 2015. Considerable progress toward realizing the MDG objectives has been achieved, especially reductions in infant and child mortality and improvement in measles vaccination coverage (MDG Goal 4), as well as the reduction of maternal mortality and an increase in the number of births attended by skilled personnel (MDG Goal 5). Nevertheless, an overall appraisal of the status of the indicators in 2015 reveals that many of the targets remained to be achieved. The analytical issue explored here is whether the targets were too high to achieve or whether Indian health policies were flawed or too long delayed. This article offers a state-wise analysis of the achievements in health indicators relating to MDGs 4 and 5. The rate of achievement for two time periods, pre-NHM and NHM until 2015, is analyzed here. Our key finding is that most of the targets were indeed infeasible, but that lack of achievement could be attributed to delays in planning; sometimes poor execution of the policies and programs; and to the economic, social, and political disparities within the country. Better organized and more innovative approaches at the state level could improve the realization of vital MDG targets, providing improved public health for all.
Friendship Floating Hospitals: Healthcare for the Riverine People of Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmed Jashim Uddin , Rahanaz Maliha , Rubaiyat-i-Siddique
Published: March 2019

Bangladesh is a land of rivers, with the settlements near the river banks, coastal areas, and char island areas typically being zones of great poverty. Providing basic healthcare services to these people is a considerable challenge. In this situation, the Friendship Floating Hospitals emerged, offering a line of floating hospitals—the Lifebuoy Friendship Hospital, Emirates Friendship Hospital, and Rongdhonu Friendship Hospital. Providing full-fledged hospitals inside a ship, these ships sail to the threshold of the riverine people of Bangladesh and dock nearby to help people access their basic right to decent health. This article explores the unique health services provided by the Friendship team, utilizing an approach, “the 4As” (affordability, availability, acceptability, and awareness), to assess health service delivery for the riverine people of Bangladesh.
Teacher Tenure in Tennessee: An Examination of Principal Perceptions Post–Race to the Top
Authors: Lomascolo David J. , Angelle Pamela S.
Published: March 2019

This quantitative study examined perceptions of K-12 public school principals toward the Tennessee teacher tenure law under Senate Bill 1528 and how principals perceived that the law has affected their ability to evaluate and retain effective teachers. The Tennessee Teacher Tenure Principal Perception Survey was adopted and slightly modified from Davidson’s (1998) study of principal perceptions of teacher tenure in Tennessee. Quantitative results found that principals characterized the teacher tenure law as having a positive impact on their ability to evaluate and retain effective teachers. Results from this study highlight that future research and reform should focus on the use of stakeholder and principal perception data in policy initiatives and education agendas at the school building, community, and state levels.
Imagining and Making Material Encounters: Skateboarding, Emplacement, and Spatial Desire
Authors: Bäckström Åsa , Sand Anne-Lene
Published: March 2019

In this article, we draw from and develop existing ideas of spatial desire and emplacement to explore skateboarders’ skilful mobility and perceptive competence. By combining findings from Swedish and Danish ethnographic studies, we illustrate how skateboarders imagine and make new material encounters both in urban environments not originally built for skateboarding and in skateparks. These imaginations and makings include memories of previous material encounters and are a part of ongoing social negotiations, but they also have a component of imaginary novelty. Making and imagining are discussed as materialization and formation, which include the idea of active materials and sentient practitioners. Two types of material encounters were imagined and made: transitions and smooth lines. Subsequently, two characteristics of these types of encounters were described: “kind” and challenging. The processes of imagination and making took a mutual understanding for granted and deeply engaged the body in the ever-changing material environment. We argue that a conceptualization of spatial desire as emplaced and highly imaginable is fruitful for research on skateboarding and other movement cultures where engagements with materials come to the fore.
A Randomized Single‐Blinded Trial of Ibuprofen‐ versus Opioid‐Based Primary Analgesic Therapy in Outpatient Otolaryngology Surgery
Authors: Nguyen Khanh K. , Liu Yuan F. , Chang Crystal , Park Jaimie J. , Kim Cherine H. , Hondorp Brian , Vuong Christopher , Xu Helen , Crawley Brianna K. , Simental Alfred A. , Church Christopher A. , Inman Jared C.
Published: March 2019

Objective

To compare the efficacy of pain control and opioid consumption between patients who receive opioid as primary analgesic therapy and those who receive ibuprofen.

Study Design

Prospective randomized trial.

Setting

Tertiary care academic hospital.

Subject and Methods

Adult patients undergoing outpatient otolaryngology surgery were assigned to take hydrocodone/acetaminophen or ibuprofen for postoperative analgesia. Patient‐recorded pain scores and analgesic consumption were analyzed.

Results

Out of 185 recruits, 108 (58%) completed responses. Fifty‐six patients (52%) received opioid medication for primary analgesic treatment versus 52 (48%) who received ibuprofen. There was no difference in reported pain scores between the treatment groups. Those who received ibuprofen as primary therapy reported a significantly lower consumption of opioid medication at 2.04 tablets/pills (95% CI, 0.9‐3.1) versus 4.86 (3.6‐6.1; P =. 001). Based on multivariate analysis, male sex and older age exhibited lower reported pain scores, while older age and use of ibuprofen as primary therapy exhibited lower opioid requirements.

Conclusion

For postoperative pain management in outpatient otolaryngology procedures, ibuprofen as primary therapy can provide equally effective pain control as compared with hydrocodone/acetaminophen while decreasing overall opioid requirement. Prescription pill counts are further described to help guide physician practices in the era of an opioid epidemic.
Role of preoperative blood markers as prognostic factors for lung cancer surgery
Authors: Hamid Umar Imran , Al-Saudi Reza , Paul Ian , Graham Alastair
Published: March 2019

Objective

This study was undertaken to assess the potential value of preoperative blood components as prognostic markers of outcome after lung cancer resection, and hence their potential to aid in the selection of patients for curative surgery.

Methods

This was a single-center study on 313 patients who underwent surgery for non-small-cell lung cancer from 2006 to 2008. Data were analyzed retrospectively from a prospectively maintained thoracic database. Preoperative blood results including plasma fibrinogen levels, serum C-reactive protein, hemoglobin concentration, and platelet count were included in the analysis.

Results

The mean age was 75 years, and 40% of the patients were females. The most common resection was lobectomy in 68% of patients, followed by pneumonectomy, wedge resection, and segmentectomy in 18%, 10%, and 1.6%, respectively. Patients with abnormal C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, and hemoglobin levels had a worse overall survival. Large tumor size and nodal metastasis on clinical staging was also associated with poor survival. However, on Cox regression analysis, plasma fibrinogen and nodal metastasis were the only independent predictors of survival after lung resection.

Conclusions

Among the different blood markers, elevated preoperative plasma fibrinogen was an independent marker of reduced survival in patients with resected non-small-cell lung cancer, and its value in selecting patients who may benefit from surgery needs further investigation.
Enabling patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to identify and express their support needs to health care professionals: A qualitative study to develop a tool
Authors: Gardener A Carole , Ewing Gail , Farquhar Morag
Published: March 2019

Background:

Patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have difficulty reporting their holistic support needs to health care professionals, undermining delivery of person-centred care. We lack tools that directly support patients with this.

Aim:

To develop an evidence-based, designed-for-purpose, tool to enable patients to directly identify and express support needs to health care professionals.

Design:

Two-stage qualitative study. Stage 1: domains of support need were identified through a systematic review, analysis of an established qualitative dataset and patient/carer focus groups. Stage 2: draft tool developed using the identified domains of need and then refined through feedback from patients, carers and health care professionals, ensuring acceptability and suitability.

Setting/participants:

Stage 1 patients/carers recruited via four primary care practices and two patient support groups (East of England). Stage 2 health care professionals recruited via the Clinical Research Network and local community trust and patients/carers through two further practices and two additional support groups (East of England). In total, 57 patients, carers and health care professionals participated.

Results:

A comprehensive set of evidence-based support domains (for example: overcoming boredom or loneliness, knowing what to expect in the future) was identified and formulated into questions. The resulting tool asks patients to consider whether they need more support in 15 broad areas. Patients, carers and clinical stakeholders broadly endorsed the tool’s content and wording.

Conclusion:

The Support Needs Approach for Patients (SNAP) tool is a concise evidence-based tool designed to help patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease identify and express their support needs to enable delivery of person-centred care.
TGFα preserves oligodendrocyte lineage cells and improves white matter integrity after cerebral ischemia
Authors: Dai Xuejiao , Chen Jie , Xu Fei , Zhao Jingyan , Cai Wei , Sun Zeyu , Hitchens T Kevin , Foley Lesley M , Leak Rehana K , Chen Jun , Hu Xiaoming
Published: March 2019

Transforming growth factor α (TGF-α) has been reported to play important roles in neurogenesis and angiogenesis in the injured brain. The present study characterizes a novel role for TGFα in oligodendrocyte lineage cell survival and white matter integrity after ischemic stroke. Three days after transient (60 min) middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO), TGFα expression was significantly increased in microglia/macrophages and neurons. Expression of the receptor of TGFα—epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)—was increased in glial cells after ischemia, including in oligodendrocyte lineage cells. TGFα knockout enlarged brain infarct volumes and exacerbated cell death in oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and oligodendrocytes three days after tMCAO. TGFα-deficient mice displayed long-term exacerbation of sensorimotor deficits after tMCAO, and these functional impairments were accompanied by loss of white matter integrity and impaired oligodendrocyte replacement. In vitro studies confirmed that 5 or 10 ng/mL TGFα directly protected OPCs and oligodendrocytes against oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced cell death, but exerted no effects on OPC differentiation. Further studies identified STAT3 as a key transcription factor mediating the effects of TGFα on OPCs and oligodendrocytes. In conclusion, TGFα provides potent oligodendrocyte protection against cerebral ischemia, thereby maintaining white matter integrity and improving neurological recovery after stroke.
Somaticization, the making and unmaking of minded persons and the fabrication of dementia
Authors: Hillman Alexandra , Latimer Joanna
Published: March 2019

This article examines the strategies by which the different and variable signs of failing mental powers become known sufficiently for ‘dementia’ to be made into a stable bio-clinical entity, that can be tested, diagnosed and perhaps one day even treated. Drawing on data from ethnographic observations in memory clinics, together with interviews with associated scientists and clinicians, we document the challenges that clinicians face across the clinical and research domain in making dementia a stable object of their investigation. We illustrate how the pressure for early diagnoses of dementia creates tensions between the scientific representations of early dementia and its diagnosis in the clinic. Our aim is to highlight the extent to which the work of diagnosing dementia involves an intricate process of smoothing out seemingly insurmountable problems, such as the notoriously elusive connections between brain/mind and body/person. Furthermore, we show that a part of this process involves enrolling patients as minded, agentic subjects, the very subjects who are excluded from dementia science research in pursuit of biomarkers for the pre-clinical detection of dementia.
Development of Structural Design Guidelines for Porous Asphalt Pavement
Authors: Hall Kevin D. , Schwartz Charles W.
Published: March 2019

Porous asphalt pavements allow designers to introduce more sustainability into projects and lessen their environmental impact. Current design procedures are based primarily on hydrologic considerations; comparatively little attention has been paid to their structural design aspects. As their use grows, a design procedure and representative material structural properties are needed to ensure that porous pavements do not deteriorate excessively under traffic loads. The objective of this project was to develop a simple, easy to apply design procedure for the structural design of porous asphalt pavements. Two methodologies were considered for such a structural design procedure: ( a) the 1993 AASHTO Pavement Design Guide empirical approach, and ( b) the mechanistic–empirical approach employed by the AASHTOWare Pavement ME Design software. A multifactor evaluation indicated the empirical 1993 AASHTO design procedure to be the most appropriate platform at this time. It is noted, however, that both design procedures lack validation of porous asphalt pavements against field performance. AASHTO design parameters and associated material characteristics are recommended, based on an extensive literature review. For “thin” open-graded base structures (12 in. or less), the AASHTO procedure is performed as published in the 1993 Guide. For “thick” base structures (>12 in.), the base/subgrade combination is considered a composite system which supports the porous asphalt layer; an equivalent deflection-based approach is described to estimate the composite resilient modulus of the foundation system, prior to applying the 1993 AASHTO design procedure.
“No [Right] Way to Be a Black Woman”: Exploring Gendered Racial Socialization Among Black Women
Authors: Davis Tribble BreAnna L. , Allen Samuel H. , Hart John R. , Francois Tiffany S. , Smith-Bynum Mia A.
Published: March 2019

Using the theoretical lenses of intersectionality and racial-ethnic socialization, we conducted a focus group study with 29 Black women. We analyzed transcripts via a grounded theory approach for the sources of messages about skin color and hair and for participants’ responses to these messages. Family members were the primary source of messages about skin color and hair. Peers and the media also communicated such messages. Messages ranged from endorsement of Western standards of beauty to an embrace of darker skin colors and natural hair texture. Rather than serving as passive recipients of messages, participants sifted through and reconciled messages with varying degrees of resolution. Their accounts reflected their intersectional experiences as Black women representing a variety of physical attributes. We discuss the influence of these physical attributes on their individual racial-gender identity development in light of a second burgeoning Black hair movement in the United States, that embraces Black natural hair. Findings may help families and others build understanding of, and increase sensitivity toward, the intra- and interpersonal implications of colorism for Black women. Findings may also inform institutional policies (e.g., school, work) and practices to reduce barriers and improve consequences for the Black women navigating these settings.
Water diffusion in carbon fiber reinforced polyamide 6 composites: Experimental, theoretical, and numerical approaches
Authors: Lei Yongpeng , Zhang Jifeng , Zhang Tao , Li Hongfu
Published: March 2019

Diffusion of moisture through composites is one of the main environmental causes of their deterioration and loss of service life. This paper deals with water diffusion in the unidirectional continuous carbon fiber reinforced polyamide 6 composites by experimental measurement, theoretical analysis, and numerical simulation. Immersion experiment is respectively conducted in distilled water at 25°C, 70°C, and 95°C for the pure polyamide 6 resin and the carbon fiber/polyamide 6 composite. Then, the theoretical Fickian and Langmuir models are employed to fit the gravimetric data of the specimens. Subsequently, water diffusion in the composite is also simulated using finite element method. Moreover, to capture the real distribution of fibers in the matrix, the random algorithm is developed to generate the computational composite models with randomly dispersed fibers. Finally, the comparison between the experimental, theoretical, and numerical results is made to assess the applicability of theoretical models and the influences of fiber distribution and interphase on the effective water diffusion coefficient of composite.
Examining the Social and Built Environment Factors Influencing Children’s Independent Use of Their Neighborhoods and the Experience of Local Settings as Child-Friendly
Authors: Loebach Janet , Gilliland Jason
Published: March 2019

Neighborhoods have traditionally served as important settings for children’s independent activities, but use has declined dramatically. Global positioning system (GPS) monitors, activity diaries, annotated maps, and Google Earth–enabled interviews captured the neighborhood perceptions, usage, and independent activity ranges of twenty-three children (nine to twelve years) from London, Canada. While few participants used neighborhood settings on a habitual basis, local parks and homes of nearby friends were important independent destinations. Usage was strongly influenced by positive and negative social conditions, but local environments did not generally cater well to the shifting interests of resident children. Embedding child-friendly affordances through neighborhood planning may improve children’s experience and independent use of local settings.
Work Experiences of Native Americans: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Al-Asfour Ahmed , Tlaiss Hayfaa A. , Shield Sandra White
Published: March 2019

Few studies have explored the careers of Native Americans. Historically, this population has been, and continues to be, ignored within mainstream career and management studies. To address this research gap, the current study explores the challenges that Native Americans, living and working in various locations and states across the United States, face. Drawing on Syed and Özbilgin’s relational framework, a qualitative approach was used whereby 14 in-depth, semistructured interviews were conducted and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings highlight the salience of some challenges including poor educational levels of completion, lack of transportation means, shortage of employment opportunities, difficulty in work–life balance, and cultural stereotyping and prejudice. The results of the study have important implications for career development practitioners, legislators, higher institutions of learning, and other stakeholders interested in advancing the lives of these disadvantaged people.
Anxiety and Unmet Needs for Assistance With Daily Activities Among Older Adults
Authors: Zuverink Ashley , Xiang Xiaoling
Published: March 2019

Objective: To examine the potentially bidirectional relationship between anxiety symptoms and unmet needs for assistance with daily activities among older adults. Method: Data came from the National Health and Aging Trends Study, 2011 through 2016 surveys. The study sample consisted of 3,936 Medicare beneficiaries with activity limitations at baseline, aged 65 or older. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to test the proposed relationship between anxiety symptoms and unmet needs for assistance with daily activities. Result: Having unmet needs increased the risk of the onset of anxiety symptoms, and elevated anxiety symptoms increased the risk of incident unmet needs for assistance with daily activities. Conclusion: Anxiety symptoms and unmet needs form a bidirectional relationship. Integrated mental health and community-based long-term care services may help reduce the burden of late-life anxiety disorders and stressful life incidents contributing to disability.
Effect of the unstable vibration of the disc brake system of high-speed trains on wheel polygonalization
Authors: Wu BW , Qiao QF , Chen GX , Lv JZ , Zhu Q , Zhao XN , Ouyang H
Published: March 2019

This paper conducts a detailed investigation into the formation mechanism of wheel polygonalization in high-speed trains and its influence factors through numerical simulation. A finite element model including two rails, one wheelset, and three disc brake units is set up to study the formation mechanism of wheel polygonalization in high-speed trains based on the point of view of frictional self-excited vibration. Using the finite element complex analysis, the dynamic stability of the wheelset–track–disc brake system is studied. In addition, the influence factors on the wheel polygonalization are investigated. Results show that when the longitudinal creep force is unsaturated, the 21-order polygonal wear of wheels occurs easily due to the self-excited vibration of the disc brake unit. When the longitudinal creep force is saturated, the 12-order polygonal wear of wheels probably occurs due to the self-excited vibration of the disc brake unit. The bigger the friction coefficient between the brake disc and pad, the greater the occurrence propensity of the polygonal wear of wheels. Vertical fastener damping that is too large or too small is disadvantageous for suppressing wheel corrugation. However, increasing the lateral fastener damping is beneficial for reducing the polygonal wear of wheels. When the vertical fastener stiffness is 25 MN/m, 7-order, 9-order, and 14-order wheel polygonalization can easily occur. A higher lateral fastener stiffness is beneficial for the suppression of wheel polygonalization.
Augmented pseudo-likelihood estimation for two-phase studies
Authors: Rivera-Rodriguez Claudia , Haneuse Sebastien , Wang Molin , Spiegelman Donna
Published: March 2019

In many public health and medical research settings, information on key covariates may not be readily available or too expensive to gather for all individuals in the study. In such settings, the two-phase design provides a way forward by first stratifying an initial (large) phase I sample on the basis of covariates readily available (including, possibly, the outcome), and sub-sampling participants at phase II to collect the expensive measure(s). When the outcome of interest is binary, several methods have been proposed for estimation and inference for the parameters of a logistic regression model, including weighted likelihood, pseudo-likelihood and maximum likelihood. Although these methods yield consistent estimation and valid inference, they do so solely on the basis of the phase I stratification and the detailed covariate information obtained at phase II. Moreover, they ignore any additional information that is readily available at phase I but was not used as part of the stratified sampling design. Motivated by the potential for efficiency gains, especially concerning parameters corresponding to the additional phase I covariates, we propose a novel augmented pseudo-likelihood estimator for two-phase studies that makes use of all available information. In contrast to recently-proposed weighted likelihood-based methods that calibrate to the influence function of the model of interest, the methods we propose do not require the development of additional models and, therefore, enjoy a degree of robustness. In addition, we expand the broader framework for pseudo-likelihood based estimation and inference to permit link functions for binary regression other than the logit link. Comprehensive simulations, based on a one-time cross sectional survey of 82,887 patients undergoing anti-retroviral therapy in Malawi between 2005 and 2007, illustrate finite sample properties of the proposed methods and compare their performance competing approaches. The proposed method yields the lowest standard errors when the model is correctly specified. Finally, the methods are applied to a large implementation science project examining the effect of an enhanced community health worker program to improve adherence to WHO guidelines for at least four antenatal visits, in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Relationships among Climate of Care, Nursing Family Care and Family Well-being in ICUs
Authors: McAndrew Natalie S , Schiffman Rachel , Leske Jane
Published: March 2019

Background:

Frequent exposure to ethical conflict and a perceived lack of organizational support to address ethical conflict may negatively influence nursing family care in the intensive care unit.

Research aims:

The specific aims of this study were to determine: (1) if intensive care unit climate of care variables (ethical conflict, organizational resources for ethical conflict, and nurse burnout) were predictive of nursing family care and family wellbeing and (2) direct and indirect effects of the climate of care on the quality of nursing family care and family wellbeing.

Research design:

A cross-sectional, correlational design was used.

Participants and research context:

Convenience sample of 111 nurses and 44 family members from five intensive care units at a Midwest hospital in the United States.

Instruments:

The Ethical Conflict Questionnaire-Critical Care Version, Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey and Hospital Ethical Climate Scale were used to measure climate of care. The Family-Centered Care-Adult Version and Nurse Provided Family Social Support Scale were family measures of the quality of nursing family care. The Family Wellbeing Index was used to measure family wellbeing.

Data analysis:

Hierarchical regression and mediation analysis were used to answer the study aims.

Ethical considerations:

The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at the study site.

Findings:

In separate regression models, organizational resources for ethical conflict (β = .401, p = .006) and depersonalization (β = −.511, p = .006), a component of burnout, were significant predictors of family-centered care. In simple mediation analysis the relationship between organizational resources for ethical conflict and family-centered care was mediated by depersonalization (β = .341, 95% confidence interval (.015, .707)).

Discussion:

Inadequate organizational resources and depersonalization may be related to family care delivery, and present obstacles to family-centered care in the intensive care unit.

Conclusion:

Further research to explicate the relationships among organizational resources, ethical conflict, burnout, and family-centered care is needed to guide the development of effective interventions that enhance the quality of nursing family care in the intensive care unit.
Emotional Intelligence and Transformational Leadership Among Academic Leaders in Institutions of Higher Learning
Authors: Baba Mubashir Majid , Makhdoomi Ursil Majid , Siddiqi Mushtaq Ahmad
Published: March 2019

Academic leaders have a very important role to play in higher educational institutions, and for the development of academic leaders attention has to be paid to their emotional intelligence to ensure transformational leadership and effective decision-making in their institution. There are few issues which are faced by all the academic leaders due to multiple roles, attitude, behaviour and emotions related to job/role. This is because with the passage of time, the roles of academic leaders have also changed. In the present study, the focus is on transformational leadership style of academic leaders as it is more prevalent in the higher education sector. In light of the findings of the empirical studies conducted on the subject, the present study is conducted in higher education sector with the objectives to examine the state of emotional intelligence and transformational leadership among academic leaders, to examine association between emotional intelligence and transformational leadership among the academic leaders under study, to study the association of various demographic factors of faculty members on their perception regarding emotional intelligence and transformational leadership. The present study is exploratory cum descriptive in nature. The data were collected from full-time faculty members working in selected universities of north India and their perception regarding emotional intelligence and transformational leadership of their academic leaders was measured. It was found that there is a significant and direct association between emotional intelligence of leaders and transformational leadership style as perceived by the faculty members. The demographic variables (gender and age) were found to significantly influence the variables under study as perceived by the faculty members about their academic leaders (HODs). Besides having theoretical implications that open pathways for conducting further research, the findings of the study may serve as a reference for service practitioners in designing strategies that will ensure superior performance of academic leaders in higher educational institutions.
Perceived Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction: A Missing Link in Indian Banking Sector
Authors: Nambiar Bindu K. , Ramanathan Hareesh N. , Rana Sudhir , Prashar Sanjeev
Published: March 2019

The purpose of the article is to recognize the moderating effect of customer knowledge on perceived service quality and customer satisfaction through customer value evaluation in the Indian banking sector. This knowledge can considerably streamline the effort banks invest in acquiring the right kind of customers. The results of the study indicated that perceptions of service quality positively impacted customer value evaluation. Moreover, customer knowledge strengthened the relationship that the empathy and responsiveness dimensions of service quality had with customer value evaluation and moderated the relationship that reliability and tangibility dimensions had with customer value evaluation.
Book review: Anil K. Khandelwal, CEO: Chess Master or Gardener? How Game-changing HR Reforms Created a New Future of Bank of Baroda
Authors: Panda Abinash
Published: March 2019

Anil K. Khandelwal, CEO: Chess Master or Gardener? How Game-changing HR Reforms Created a New Future of Bank of Baroda, 2018, New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 358 + xxvi pp., ₹750. ISBN: 978-0-19-948564-2.
Empirical Study on Perceived Value and Attitude of Millennials Towards Social Media Advertising: A Structural Equation Modelling Approach
Authors: Arora Taanika , Agarwal Bhawna
Published: March 2019

The purpose of the article is to provide a comprehensive advertising model, which examines the impact of the identified predictors such as entertainment, informativeness, irritation, credibility, incentives and personalization on social media advertising value (SMAV) and further see the impact of SMAV on the attitudes of millennials towards social media advertising (ATSMA). A quantitative and deductive approach of research was followed, where data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire from 478 Indian social media users. The model developed was validated using exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis followed by structural equation modelling to test the relationships between the identified predictors and SMAV. The results confirm the relationship between identified predictors and SMAV. Also, positive relationship has been found out between SMAV and ATSMA. Further, in the research article, there is a detailed discussion on results, implications, limitations and directions for future work.
Exploring the Potential for Rural Entrepreneurship through Integrated Community-based Intervention Strategies
Authors: Meera S. , Vinodan A.
Published: March 2019

This article intends to the validate measurement model for integrated community intervention strategies (ICIS) and explore the entrepreneurial orientation of community members in ecotourism destinations through ICIS. The study adopted the exploratory sequential method. The study employed focused groups, interviews and structured questionnaires for primary data collection. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and percentage analysis were conducted for testing the hypothesis. Data were gathered from four protected area based ecotourism destinations of Kerala, India, namely, Thenmala, Periyar, Parambikulam and Wayanad. The result indicates that there are three latent constructs for ICIS that is governance intervention strategies, eco-development intervention strategies and commercial intervention strategies. As far as entrepreneurial orientation is concerned, local community members are able to orient themselves in three levels of entrepreneurial requirements positively, namely, exploration, initiation and sustenance. The study gives a pragmatic model of community intervention in tourism and entrepreneurial orientation resulting from such interventions, which can be further explored to establish a standard model to enhance more inclusive and sustainable resource management practices through enterprise development. Accordingly, the results of the study can influence policymakers, stakeholders and tourism practioners.
On the Asymmetric Effects of Exchange Rate Changes on the Demand for Money: Evidence from Emerging Economies
Authors: Bahmani-Oskooee Mohsen , Bahmani Sahar , Kutan Ali M. , Xi Dan
Published: March 2019

Previous studies, that included the exchange rate in the demand for money function to account for currency substitution, assumed that exchange rate changes have symmetric effects on the demand for money in emerging countries. Since assuming symmetric effects implies using a linear model, they were not successful in finding significant link between the exchange rate movements and the demand for money. When we applied a nonlinear model to address the same issue, we found that in most emerging economies in our sample, exchange rate changes do have significant long-run effects on the demand for money and such effects are indeed asymmetric.

JEL Classifications: E41, F31
Hidden Veterans: A Review of the Literature on Women Veterans in Contemporary Society
Authors: Dodds Christina D. , Kiernan Matthew D.
Published: March 2019

Understanding the lived experience of women who serve or have served in the military, will enable a better understanding of their wishes and needs, in what is the largest growing group in militaries across the globe. This article aims to examine literature, which focuses on the lived experiences of women veteran’s lives. Literature was analyzed from two electronic databases, choosing research that focused on women veterans, to develop an understanding of their experiences in the military and veteran communities. We argue that current literature is dominated by the U.S. experience and does not fully explore the global complexity of women veterans, or the difficulties military service causes them.
Evaluation of the Effects of Cheiloplasty on Maxillary Arch in UCLP Infants Using Three-Dimensional Digital Models
Authors: Kongprasert Thanawut , Winaikosol Kengkart , Pisek Araya , Manosudprasit Aggasit , Manosudprasit Amornrut , Wangsrimongkol Buddhathida , Pisek Poonsak
Published: March 2019

Objective:

To analyze and identify changes in the maxillary dental arch before and after cheiloplasty in a group of unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (UCLP) infants.

Design:

This is a cohort study.

Material and Method:

Study models from 16 infants with nonsyndromic UCLP, who were treated at Khon Kaen University, were taken before (T1) and after cheiloplasty (T2). The dental models underwent a process of scanning through a 3D scanner, from which 9 linear and 2 angular landmarks were evaluated. Paired t test was used to compare the measurement statistically between T1 and T2.

Results:

Alveolar cleft gap (G-L), anterior basal angle (∠GC-CC′), and anterior arch curvature angle on greater segment (∠GIC) were significantly decreased ( P < .05). Contrarily, anterior ridge length of greater segment (C-I), anterior ridge length of lesser segment (L-C′), and posterior arch width (T-T′) were significantly increased ( P < .05) after cheiloplasty. While, anterior portion of greater segment (I-G), anterior arch width (C-C′), anterior arch depth (I⊥CC′), arch length (G⊥TT′), and arch circumference (T-C-I-G-L-C′-T′) showed no significant difference. The measurements were tested using the Intraclass correlation coefficient. The coefficients indicated high reliability.

Conclusion:

Cleft gap significantly decreased after lip repair, and the anterior part of maxillary dental arch was also bent palatally after cheiloplasty without any other intervention except cheiloplasty. More studies are needed to assess the amount of lip pressure. If any convincing force is presented, an appliance to prevent undesirable pressure is indicated.
Examining the Effect of Ineffective Parenting and Low Self-Control on Athletes’ PED Use
Authors: Kabiri Saeed , Shadmanfaat Seyyedeh Masoomeh (Shamila) , Donner Christopher M.
Published: March 2019

The prevalence of performance-enhancing drug (PED) use at different levels of professional sport has become an important social issue, particularly when considering recent high-profile incidents from professional sports and the Olympics. Due to the myriad of individual, team, and sociopolitical consequences that can stem from PED use, it becomes critical to study the etiology of PED involvement among athletes regarding this deviant behavior. Gottfredson and Hirschi’s general theory of crime is one such theory that may aid in explaining this phenomenon. As such, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between effective parenting, self-control, and athletes’ use of banned PEDs. Survey data from 784 professional athletes in Iran were collected, and the findings indicated that ineffective parenting, low self-control capacity, and self-control desire had significant effects on PED use. In addition, moderation effects and gender analyses were examined. Specific findings, policy implications, and study limitations are discussed.
Addressing the Myths of Terrorism in America
Authors: Silva Jason R. , Duran Celinet , Freilich Joshua D. , Chermak Steven M.
Published: March 2019

In the aftermath of 9/11, the intersection of sensational media coverage, public fears, and political motivations has contributed to misconceptions about the nature of terrorism and the perpetrators of extremist violence. The current study uses data from the Extremist Crime Database and Global Terrorism Database to address the myths of terrorism in the United States. We examine jihadist-inspired, far-right, and far-left incidents to provide an empirical critique of turn of the century popular discourse that suggests terrorism (1) incidents are increasing, (2) fatalities and injuries are increasing, and is committed by (3) internationally based, (4) jihadist-inspired extremists, (5) of Arab decent, (6) working in organized groups. The results highlight the reality of the terrorism problem finding incidents are decreasing and often involve no deaths or injuries. Additionally, terrorists are more often domestic-based, White, far-right extremists, acting alone. We conclude with a discussion of findings and implications for public knowledge and policy responses to terrorism and extremist violence.
Geospatial, Clinical, and Social Determinants of Hospital Readmissions
Authors: Ye Yun , Beachy Micah W. , Luo Jiangtao , Winterboer Tammy , Fleharty Brandon S. , Brewer Charlotte , Qin Zijian , Naveed Zaeema , Ash Michael A. , Baccaglini Lorena
Published: March 2019

Unnecessary hospital readmissions increase patient burden, decrease health care quality and efficiency, and raise overall costs. This retrospective cohort study sought to identify high-risk patients who may serve as targets for interventions aiming at reducing hospital readmissions. The authors compared geospatial, social demographic, and clinical characteristics of patients with or without a 90-day readmission. Electronic health records of 42 330 adult patients admitted to 2 Midwestern hospitals during 2013 to 2016 were used, and logistic regression was performed to determine risk factors for readmission. The 90-day readmission percentage was 14.9%. Two main groups of patients with significantly higher odds of a 90-day readmission included those with severe conditions, particularly those with a short length of stay at incident admission, and patients with Medicare but younger than age 65. These findings expand knowledge of potential risk factors related to readmissions. Future interventions to reduce hospital readmissions may focus on the aforementioned high-risk patient groups.
Microaggression Experiences of Fathers With Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Hannon Michael D. , Blanchard Raymond , Storlie Cassandra A.
Published: March 2019

Using interpretive phenomenological analysis, we interviewed six fathers to learn about their experiences in acclimating others to their children’s autism spectrum diagnoses. Results indicate a need for counselors to understand and support clients who experience frequent microaggressions and stereotyping related to autism spectrum disorder and its subsequent influence on fathers’ mental health and family wellness. Recommendations for working with families of individuals with autism and additional research are presented.
Palisaded Encapsulated (Solitary Circumscribed) Neuroma: A Review of 30 Cases
Authors: Leblebici Cem , Savli Taha Cumhan , Yeni Begüm , Cin Merve , Aksu Ayşe Esra Koku
Published: March 2019

Background. Solitary circumscribed neuroma (SCN), also known as palisaded encapsulated neuroma (PEN), is a benign neural tumor. It may be mistaken as either schwannoma or neurofibroma in pathology practice. In this study, we aimed to define clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features and discuss its differential diagnosis. Materials and Methods. The histopathological features of 30 cases of SCN/PEN were reviewed. The presence of intralesional axons, Schwann, and perineural cell distributions were investigated by performing neuronal immunomarkers. Results. Twelve cases were females, and 18 cases were males. The mean age was 48 years. Lesions were mostly located on the face (27/30). Histologically, 18 had a lobular pattern, 9 were plexiform, 2 fungating, and 1 multilobular. Although the majority of cases were well circumscribed, capsular integrity was at least focally disrupted (73%). Verocay body was noted only in 6 cases (20%). One case showed excessive hyperkeratosis, forming a keratin horn. Adipocytic change was detected in another case. The lesions consisted of S100-positive Schwann cell proliferation and were partially surrounded by perineural cells highlighted by EMA or Claudin-1. The amount of intralesional axons revealed by neurofilament immunostaining was variable. Conclusion. SCN/PEN is a relatively common lesion, and usually seen as an asymptomatic papule on the face of elderly patients. A circumscribed lesion composed of bundles of bland-looking spindle cells thought to be of neural origin is seen in the dermis. Pathologists should be aware of the existence of plexiform and multilobular PEN/SCN variants, to avoid misdiagnosis of plexiform neurofibroma or schwannoma.
Resonant vibrations of FG viscoelastic imperfect Timoshenko beams
Authors: Ghayesh Mergen H
Published: March 2019

An investigation is performed on the viscoelastic nonlinear vibrations of functionally graded imperfect Timoshenko beams. The internal viscosity is incorporated using the Kelvin–Voigt scheme. Beam's centerline stretching is the cause of geometric nonlinearities. Material property distributions follow the Mori–Tanaka model. Shear deformation and rotary inertia are incorporated using the Timoshenko theory. A slight curvature is included to account for a geometric imperfection. The coupled axial/transverse/rotational motion model is developed using Hamilton's energy/work/energy loss. Galerkin's method is used, without neglecting the longitudinal inertia/displacement, and a large dimensional discretized/truncated model is obtained. Numerical integrations, using a continuation-based technique, are employed for force/frequency diagrams. Viscosity, material gradient index, and imperfection effects on the system vibrations are investigated.
Interaction between a generalized screw dislocation in the matrix and an inhomogeneity containing an elliptic hole in piezoelectric–piezomagnetic composite materials
Authors: Peng Xianghua , Yu Min , Yang Yuxuan
Published: March 2019

The paper deals with the interaction of a generalized screw dislocation and an elliptic inhomogeneity containing a confocal elliptic hole in a magneto-electro-elastic composite material. Exact solutions are derived for the case where the generalized screw dislocation is located in the matrix under a remote anti-plane shear stress field, an in-plane electric field, and a magnetic field. Based on the complex variable method, the complex potentials of both the matrix and the inhomogeneity are obtained in series, and analytic expressions for the generalized stress and strain field, the image force, the generalized stress intensity factor of the blunt crack tip, and the energy release rate are derived explicitly. The presented solutions include some previous solutions, such as pure elastic, piezoelectric, piezomagnetic, and circular inclusions. Typical numerical examples are presented and the influences of the dislocation position, the volume of inhomogeneity, and the elliptic hole on these physical quantities are discussed. The results show that the magneto-electro-elastic coupling effect has a great influence on the image force and the equilibrium position of dislocation, especially when the dislocation approaches the interface; the coupling effect makes the image force on the screw dislocation follow different variation laws in piezoelectric–piezomagnetic composite materials compared with elastic materials.