bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Entrevista com as autoras do projeto “Leitura e produção de textos na universidade
Authors: Cardoso Gabbi Vanessa , Perna Cristina
Published: March 2021

---
Teorias linguísticas e ensino de língua estrangeira
Authors: Gomes Alves Matheus , Costa da Silva Machado Fernanda , Barros Nespoli Juliana
Published: March 2021

O objetivo geral desta pesquisa é contribuir para o ensino do perfect no contexto de inglês como língua estrangeira. O objetivo específico é avaliar a aplicabilidade de um conjunto de atividades referente ao ensino do perfect. As perguntas de pesquisa são: (a) como o entendimento consciente da categoria de aspecto colabora para o desenvolvimento da competência linguístico-discursiva de aprendizes de inglês?; e (b) quais estratégias podem ser utilizadas na aula de inglês para abordar o aspecto perfect? A metodologia consiste na análise de uma atividade desenvolvida para alunos de nível intermediário na língua inglesa. A análise dos resultados aponta a produtividade de se trabalhar com tal aspecto nesse nível, por meio de exercícios de parafraseamento e de análise sintático-semântica.
Malyshev Key Factors Affecting the Corporate Tax Levied from Russian Ferrous Metallurgy Corporations to Regional Budgets
Authors: Pechenskaya-Polishchuk Mariya A. , Malyshev Mikhail K.
Published: March 2021

Introduction. The processes of budgetary destabilization in Russia, especially at the regional level, have become protracted, which means that ways to overcome them should be devised. A considerable part of the budgetary problems of the regions is associated with the shortcomings of the tax policies, in particular, with the component related to the taxation of profits of large companies. The purpose of the article is to reveal the factors influencing the volume of corporate tax revenues to regional budgets from Russian ferrous metallurgy corporations, on the basis of the results of the study conducted.

Materials and Methods. Data from the Federal Tax Service in the Vologda, Chelyabinsk and Lipetsk Regions and from the Federal State Statistics Service were analyzed, as well as the reports on the financial and production performance and annual reports of such metallurgical corporations as Severstal, MMK, and NLMK. Both the horizontal (dynamic) analysis, showing changes in indicators, and the vertical (weight) analysis, revealing the role of each indicator of financial performance, was performed. Content analysis made it possible to identify the cause-and-effect relationships of changes in the dynamics and structure of indicators.

Results. The study has revealed the imperfection of the regulatory and legal instruments currently in force in Russia in relation to large taxpayers. First of all, this concerns the amount of the corporate tax, which was negatively influenced by the peculiarities of the dividend policies of enterprises and the volumes of commercial and administrative expenses. The depreciation of the national currency had a positive impact on the export proceeds, which led to a twofold increase in the total ruble gains of all enterprises under study on average, but not to a corresponding increase in the amount of the corporate tax revenues to the budget.

Discussion and Conclusion. Taking into account the identified factors will make it possible to further substantiate measures to increase the efficiency of state’s taxation policies in relation to large business, which is necessary to mobilize corporate tax revenues to the country's budget system and to develop its territories. The results of this study will be useful for public authorities responsible for making decisions in the field of interaction with business entities.
Sociological Evaluation of the Influence of International Migration on the Socio-Economic Development of the Rostov Region
Authors: Denisova Galina S.
Published: March 2021

Introduction. In Russia, migration is currently considered to be an important resource for replenishing the population, although the population growth resulting from migration is quite slow. Russia’s Concept of the State Migration Policy until 2025 has been revised in order to improve the situation and ensure the inflow of foreign labor migrants. The goal of this article, based on the results of the conducted study, is to reveal the attitude of the population of the host community (Rostov Region) towards an increase in the flow of foreign labor migrants in the current socio-economic circumstances, as well as the expert evaluation of the effectiveness of handling the migration situation at the regional level.

Materials and Methods. The object of study conducted was the migration situation in the Rostov Region, which is one of the leaders in the socio-economic development of the macroregion and the border area of ​​the South of Russia. A survey was conducted among the general public (n = 300) using the method of standardized interviews, among university students (n = 200), using the method of questionnaire, and among experts (n = 30) using the method of semi-structured interviews. The constructivist approach was adopted as the conceptual foundation of the analysis performed. This enabled the author to use various methods of surveying the population, including university students and the expert community.

Results. The performed analysis of the collected empirical material has revealed that most people in the region use the results of migrant labour in various sectors of the economy without treating migrants as competitors in the regional labor market and do not feel any noticeable influence of migrants on their lives. Experts are more critical of the prospects of integrating migrants, perceiving the growth of their number as a threat to the cultural identity of the host community.

Discussion and Conclusion. Dynamic development of a region requires proactive migration policies, largely based on the loyalty of the population, including young people, to foreign migrants and their positive attitude towards integration. The analysis of the collected material has been targeted at the regional authorities implementing migration policies. The research results may prove useful to civil society institutions promoting interaction between migrants and the host community.
Family Values and Practices in the Discourse of Tatars and Russians in Tatarstan
Authors: Makarova Guzel I.
Published: March 2021

Introduction. Now that family values ​​are both the most significant and the most debated ones, the issue of the socio-cultural foundations of the corresponding norms and actions is of particular importance. Based on exploratory research, the article considers the most general nature of the influence of the ethnic factor on family values, statuses, and practices of the Tatars and Russians living in Tatarstan, and identifies the place of the family in the system of their life priorities. Materials and Methods. The study adopted the value-oriented approach and certain provisions of the theory of transformation of a traditional society into a modern one. It was based on the texts of 30 in-depth interviews given by the families of urban and rural Tatars and Russians living in the region. Most of the interviews were conducted in two-generation family homes, which made it possible to create a confidential atmosphere of conversation, and to imagine how the family members really interact, as well as to cover several generations of interviewees thus increasing their number. Results. The performed analysis of the texts has revealed that, while the family tops the hierarchy of values ​​of both Tatars and Russians, there have been differences in the content of family values ​​and in their interrelation with other ones. Among the Tatars, all other value orientations are linked the family, solution of economic problems being an integrating factor, and extended kinship relations being significant. For ethnic Russians, work, self-development, and hobbies have a separate and independent meaning; the family tends to be united by the ideas of friendship and mutual understanding, while close kindred ties are mainly maintained with the nuclear family. Discussion and Conclusion. The study made it possible to draw conclusions and assumptions about the common features and differences in family values ​​and practices of the Tatars and Russians living in Tatarstan, due to the ethno-confessional specifics of cultures and the peculiarities of their social dynamics. Prospects for the study of family priorities are associated with further research into the interaction of the culturally related norms and values of the ethnic communities. This may become a basis for the development of their mutual understanding and cooperation.
Events of the Past in the Historical Memory of the Youth in the Ethnic Regions of the Volga Federal District
Authors: Polutin Sergey V. , Bulavin Anton V. , Zubov Oleg E. , Nagaeva Tatiana V.
Published: March 2021

Introduction. Memories of past events often become objects of political manipulation, when the interpretation of events that are significant for Russian history turns out to be dependent on the political preferences and attitudes of public actors. Manipulations are aimed primarily at schoolchildren and university students, them being the most active part of society with significant protest potential. The article, based on the study conducted, systematizes the representations of past events in the collective memory of young people in the multiethnic regions of the Volga Federal District (Russia) to evaluate the influence of alternative ethnic and regional narratives on the state and potential development of the ethno-confessional situation in the regions under examination.

Materials and Methods. The study was based on the materials of a mass sociological survey conducted among students (n = 1,246, October 2020), in the Republic of Mordovia, Chuvash Republic and the Republic of Tatarstan. First- and second-year students of the largest universities of the republics were interviewed. To identify regional differences, respondents who came from other countries and regions were excluded from the data obtained.

Results. The results of the mass survey conducted among young people in the Republic of Mordovia, Republic of Tatarstan and the Chuvash Republic have revealed the fragmented perception of Russian history. In the historical memory of the youth living in the ethnic regions of the Volga Federal District, significant events of the Soviet past have dominated, although in some cases they have been perceived and reconsidered through the prism of ethno-confessional practices. At the same time, alternative ethnic and regional narratives that could negatively affect the socio-political situation in the republics have practically not been captured in the historical consciousness of the youth.

Discussion and Conclusion. At the present stage, the regional symbolic memory policies of all three republics do not fundamentally contradict the memory policies of the federal center. The results of the study will be useful to social scientists, as well as public figures engaged in youth policy.
Internal devaluation: A controversial effort for adjustment within the Euro area
Authors: Boros Eszter
Published: March 2021

The euro crisis and its lessons are still not a closed chapter for economists and policy makers. The challenge to find the most appropriate ways to prevent intra-area imbalances is still on the top of the agenda. Nominal adjustment (internal devaluation) remains one of the most critical aspects of this debate. Many are indeed interested in whether austerity measures in several countries “made sense.” But much more is at stake here than evaluating the past. The true question is whether the eurozone can rely on nominal adjustment to align internal economic fluctuations. This paper contributes to the answer by investigating the size of price changes and their impacts on output and trade in the wake of the euro crisis. Selecting the most appropriate variables to measure competitive outcomes, the basic idea of “expansionary contraction” is tested. We rely on a comprehensive panel of all Eurozone member states in the post-crisis years (2010–2017). The results suggest that flexible price levels cannot be taken for granted, and a link to competitiveness is not self-evident, either. Other channels of adjustment may prove to be more important, but scaling them up will ultimately require a sound consensus on the future architecture of the euro.
Culture, corruption and economic development: The case of emerging economies
Authors: Horvat Tatjana , Mayrleitner Philipp , Vide Romana Korez , Bobek Vito
Published: March 2021

This paper aims to examine specific cultural attributes which may be favourable to economic development or restrictive to corruptive behaviour. The indicators of GDP growth and GDP per capita, the Human Development Index (HDI), Hofstede's cultural dimensions and the Corruption Perception Index (CPI) were used within a two staged analysis on the sample of selected emerging economies between 1995–2015. The findings of the research outline the complexity of this topic and numerous interrelations among the involved variables. The paper emphasises the importance of understanding the cultural traits of societies and the motives for corruption, to be able to take appropriate measures to promote economic and human development and to combat corruption. Future studies could assess differences within cultural clusters of the emerging economies to allow further insights on a comparative level, increasing the possibility to find answers why different regions develop faster than others.
Edward Licht (1912–1965) – szkic do portretu pediatry
Authors: Żukowska Magdalena
Published: March 2021

The article is a biographical outline of Edward Licht - an outstanding pediatrician who created medicine in Szczecin from the very beginning after the Second World War. He was involved in the scientific and didactic work of the Medical Academy (later the Pomeranian Medical Academy, currently the Pomeranian Medical University). Among the many prominent figures of Polish post-war medicine there are many people who, despite their significant contribution to the development of this field of science, have remained forgotten by the history of medicine. Among them is Edward Licht, whose research focused on the issue of children’s rheumatic diseases and tuberculosis. An important background of this article are his Jewish origins, his special fate during the war and the fate of his family.
Generał broni Lucjan Żeligowski (1865-1947) przyczynek do biografii
Authors: Wojtaszak Andrzej
Published: March 2021

Generał Lucjan Żeligowski pochodził z polskiej rodziny szlacheckiej, herbu „Bończa”. Jego przodkowie walczyli ze Szwedami w XVI wieku, a jego ojciec brał udział w powstaniu styczniowym w 1863 roku. Jedna z najbardziej kontrowersyjnych postaci w korpusie generałów II RP. Walczył w wojnie rosyjsko-japońskiej (1904-1905). Podczas Wielkiej Wojny, po zgodzie władz rosyjskich na tworzenie polskich formacji wojskowych, był współorganizatorem Brygady Strzelców Polskich, walczył w szeregach Polskiej Dywizji Strzelców i w Pierwszym Korpusie Polskim W ostatnim okresie wojny współorganizował 4. Dywizję Strzelców Polskich, z którą dotarł do Polski przez Odessę i Besarabię. Walczył z wojskami Zachodnioukraińskiej Republiki Ludowej i w wojnie polsko-radzieckiej - na Froncie Północnym (10 DP) oraz w walkach pod Radzyminem (podczas bitwy warszawskiej). Po wojnie na czele 1. Dywizji Piechoty Litewsko-Białoruskiej zajął Wilno i doprowadził do powstania Republiki Litwy Środkowej. „Bunt Żeligowskiego” zaowocował przyłączeniem tego obszaru do Polski. W Wojsku Polskim był dowódcą Inspektoratu Wojskowego nr 2 w Warszawie i Ministrem Spraw Wojskowych. Po zamachu stanu Piłsudskiego (zamachu majowym) stanął na czele Komisji Likwidacyjnej powołanej w celu wyjaśnienia okoliczności i przebiegu wydarzeń majowych w 1926 r. Był także inspektorem armii w Generalnym Inspektoracie Zbrojnym Siły. 31 sierpnia 1927 r. przeszedł na emeryturę. W 1928 r. został przewodniczącym Kapituły Orderu Odrodzenia Polski i członkiem Trybunału Stanu. W 1935 r. został wybrany posłem na Sejmu IV kadencji z listy Bezpartyjnego Bloku Współpracy z Rządem - przewodniczył Komisji Wojskowej Parlamentu, a następnie był posłem na Sejm V kadencji z listy bezpartyjnej. Podczas II wojny światowej był członkiem Rady Narodowej Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej, przewodniczącym Komitetu Wojskowego i kanclerzem Orderu Virtuti Militari. Zwolennik słowiano filstwa. W okresie powojennym opowiadał się za współpracą z ZSRR. Zmarł w Londynie w 1947 r. Spoczywa na Cmentarzu Wojskowym na Powązkach w Warszawie.
Prymas Stefan Wyszyński wobec rzeczywistości społeczno-politycznej PRL 1974–1978
Authors: Łatka Rafał
Published: March 2021

In the seventies, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński was not only the undisputed leader of the Polish Church, but also a widely respected authority in society, whose voice was of great importance. In the above analysis, the attitude of the „Primate of the Millennium” to the socio-political reality of the PRL was discussed. A comprehensive view of this hierarch was presented regarding the functioning of the communist system in Poland; his approach to the state-church relationship; to key political events (amendment to the constitution, events of June 1976, election of Cardinal Wojtyła as pope) and attitude to the rise and activity of the pre-August opposition. This analysis does not aspire to the full exhaustion of the topic, it focuses on issues most for Cardinal Wyszyński important in the socio-political sphere.
Profile of a patient with non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction in actual clinical practice
Authors: Ryabov V. V. , Gombozhapova A. E. , Demyanov S. V.
Published: March 2021

Aim. To describe profile of a modern portrait with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (non-STEMI) through a comprehensive analysis of the Emergency Cardiology Unit (ECU) practice, which discharge a function of a regional vascular centre.

Material and methods. To describe the non-STEMI trends of the last decade, we analysed the annual reports on ECU work. The main analysis included patients with a documented non-STEMI treated in 2019 (n=221). We used information from the department database. A Microsoft Excel software was used to create the database. The base has been filled in by the ECU head in real time since 2009. Statistical data processing was performed using the Statistica 10,0 software package. The methods of descriptive statistics and Yates-corrected chi-square test were used.

Results. The following clinical and demographic trends of the last decade were revealed: an increase in the number of patients with non-STEMI, proportion of male patients, mean age of patients, proportion of patients with MI with non-obstructive coronary artery disease; no decrease in in-hospital mortality, despite the introduction of modern guidelines, pharmacological and invasive treatment of non-STEMI. In 2019, the proportion of male patients and patients 75 years and older was 62,4% and 32%, respectively. The mean age of patients was 64,6±13,0 years. Clopidogrel was the predominant P2Y12 receptor blockers (56,1%). A total of 176 patients (79,6%) underwent the invasive procedures. Endovascular myocardial revascularization was performed in 97 patients (43,9%), while in the group over 75 years old — in 16 (7%) patients. The leading causes for absence of myocardial revascularization were chronic kidney disease (4,6%), severe coronary artery disease (6,3%), “borderline” (50-60%) coronary artery stenosis. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 9,0%, while in the group of patients over 75 years old — 19,7%. Mortality rates did not differ in patients with and without myocardial revascularization (p=0,2). However, the incidence of pulmonary oedema was higher in the conservative treatment group (p=0,04).

Conclusion. Treatment of patients 75 years and older remains the main barrier in management of patients with non-STEMI. We observe the treatment-risk paradox, which consists in choosing a less aggressive treatment strategy in the group of the most high-risk patients. Other relevant aspects in the management of non-STEMI patients are the selection of a method for myocardial revascularization in multivessel coronary artery disease, assessment of the hemodynamic significance of coronary artery stenosis, and patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease.
Myocardial infarction in the young woman due to spontaneous coronary artery dissection
Authors: Brylyakova D. N. , Stepanova E. V. , Zubarev D. D. , Mineeva E. V. , Kukharchik G. A.
Published: March 2021

.
Coronary artery bypass grafting in the treatment of patients with acute coronary syndrome: current evidence base and unresolved issues
Authors: Golovina T. S. , Neverova Yu. N. , Tarasov R. S.
Published: March 2021

The issue of the optimal timing of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains controversial. It is known that on the one hand there will be a delay in revascularization, leading to recurrent myocardial infarction with irreversible cardiac dysfunction. On the other hand, there is an increased incidence of perioperative complications associated with surgery.

This article provides a detailed analysis of the evidence base and current guidelines on the validity and timing of coronary artery bypass grafting in various types of ACS. The emphasis is made on the contradictions regarding the earlier implementation of the active strategy in non-ST segment elevation ACS. We describe problem of insufficient evidence base on optimal timing of CABG, comparison of outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) performed in the first 24 hours and open surgery for high-risk non-ST segment elevation ACS, as well as a number of organizational and clinical issues to ensure the surgery availability.
Prognostic value of atrial fibrillation in group of patients with myocardial infarction. Long-term observation results
Authors: Soloveva M. V , Boldueva S. A.
Published: March 2021

Purpose. To assess the effect of preexisting atrial fibrillation (AF) on prognosis in patients with type 1 myocardial infarction (MI).

Material and methods. These patients were selected from 1660 patients with MI admitted to cardiology department of the NWSMU named after I.I. Mechnikov in 2013-2018. They formed the main group (100 patients). The control group included 200 patients with type 1 MI without AF with the same gender, age. In order to balance groups by prognostically significant factors propensity score matching was carried out. Тhen effect of AF on endpoints was assessed.

Results. Patients with type 1 MI and preexisting AF have higher comorbidity, lower ejection fraction. In this group in-hospital pulmonary embolism (PE) (9 % versus 1 % in patients without AF, p=0,0011), minor bleeding (21 % versus 9,5 %, p=0,0057), combined endpoint (stroke + PE + mortality) (19 % versus 10,5 %, p=0,0415) were more common. In the long-term period patients with AF had a higher rate of hospitalizations due to decompensation of chronic heart failure (CHF) (OR=2,47 (95 % CI =1,20–5,08), p=0,0137) and higher incidence of minor bleeding (OR=10,77 (95 % CI =2,36–49,24), p=0,0022). Preexisting AF in patients with type 1 MI (after adjustment for prognostically significant factors) increased the risk of all-cause (OR=5,0 (95 % CI =1,5-17,1), p=0,0072) and cardiovascular mortality (OR=4,1 (95 % CI =1,1-14,9), p=0,0236), increased the risk of CHF III-IV (OR=4,9 (95 % CI =1,2–20,4), p=0,0147), but had no effect on the frequency of ischemic events.

Сonclusion. In patients with type 1 MI and pre-existing AF in-hospital and long-term prognosis is worse than in patients without AF. Preexisting AF in these patients is an independent predictor of severe CHF at discharge, cardiovascular and all-cause mortality over follow-up period.
Thyroid function, brain bioelectrical activity and heart rate variability in patients with hypertension
Authors: Kurdanova M. Kh. , Beslaneev I. A. , Kurdanova Md. Kh. , Batyrbekova L. M. , Kurdanov Kh. A.
Published: March 2021

Aim. To study the levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormones (TH), frequency and amplitude parameters of alpha wave, parameters of heart rate variability, hemodynamics and their relationship in patients with hypertension (HTN) and healthy individuals.

Material and methods. We studied 75 patients with stage 2 HTN and 70 healthy individuals. All patients underwent an electroencephalography, 24-hour blood pressure monitoring. Weighted average heart rate variability was calculated. We determined blood plasma levels of TSH and TH. Statistical processing, multiple regression and correlation analysis were carried out using the Statistica v. 10.0.1 software package (StatSoft Inc).

Results. In patients with HTN, TSH and TH were lower than in the control group by 50% and 38%, respectively. The а-index was also 40% lower. Patients with HTN were characterized by lower amplitude, frequency and power of а-wave, and weighted average heart rate variability by 35%, 13-35%, and 30%, respectively. Pulse wave velocity in patients with HTN exceeded the control group by 18%, and the systemic dynamic response was 2,2 times higher. The groups differed in the characteristics of the relationship of а-wave between the brain lobes and hemispheres with TSH, TH, heart rate variability and hemodynamics.

Conclusion. The concentration of TSH and TH is interrelated with the frequency and amplitude parameters of alpha wave, heart rate variability and hemodynamic parameters in hypertensive patients.
Comparative analysis of tobacco smoking intensity among young and middle-­aged women of one administrative district of Tyumen in 1996­-2016
Authors: Akimov A. M. , Gakova A. A. , Kuznetsov V. A.
Published: March 2021

Aim. To study the changes of tobacco smoking intensity among young and middle-aged women of one administrative district of Tyumen in 1996-2016.

Material and methods. Cross-sectional epidemiological studies were conducted on representative samples of women aged 25-64 years in 1996 and 2016. The category of smokers was ranked by age group and depending on the number of cigarettes smoked per day. The analysis included women of two categories — young age (25-44 years old) and middle age (45-64 years old). Women were considered high-intensity smokers if they smoked >10 cigarettes per day. According to this parameter, all smokers were divided into those with low and high smoking intensity.

Results. According to the results, a negative 20-year dynamics was revealed — an increase in the tobacco smoking intensity in the population due to the category of young women. In young women over a 20-year period with a stable prevalence of tobacco smoking, a redistribution from low to high intensity of tobacco smoking was established — the prevalence of high-intensity smokers over low-intensity ones in 2016 with inverse proportions at the first screening. In middle-aged women, over a 20-year period, with a tendency towards an increase in tobacco smoking prevalence from the first to the second screening, the prevalence of low-intensity smokers over high-intensity smokers remains.

Conclusion. Within the large-scale federal programs, it is necessary to direct efforts to reduce the intensity of tobacco smoking among women in middle-urbanized Siberian cities, focusing mainly on the category of young age.
Observational studies and registers. Their quality and role in modern evidence-based medicine
Authors: Martsevich S. Yu. , Kutishenko N. P. , Lukina Yu. V. , Lukyanov M. M. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: March 2021

The article describes the basic rules for conducting observational studies, in particular, registers. The principles of the assessment of its quality and impact on the results are discussed. The potential for evaluating therapeutic effect and side effects in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies is compared. Effects of one drug identified in RCTs and observational studies are compared.
Use of two distant nesting areas as a breeding strategy of Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) in Valdres, southeast Norway
Authors: Dunker Henning
Published: March 2021

Cover photo: Golden eagle. Photo: Frode Falkenberg.

Sixteen occupied nesting territories of Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos were studied between 2000 and 2020, in the southern part of the valley of Valdres, southeast Norway. Most of the study area consists of rolling hills dominated by spruce Picea abies with numerous clear-cuts. It was concluded that at least six (about 40%) of the eagle pairs in these territories move back and forth between two alternate, distant nesting areas 5.3 km apart (average). In two additional pairs, a second nesting area was considered possible. In the remaining eight, only one nesting area was found. The periods of one nesting area in use varied from 2–19 years, before moving to the other nesting area. This result was supported by panoramic mid-day surveillance of the air space between the two nesting areas during 2014–2020. The maintenance of a second core nesting area is most likely a strategy for moving to a more favourable hunting area and might be initiated by a new mate in the pair. The move might also be influenced by avoidance of a close neighbouring pair. A switch of nesting areas, as indicated by this study, could significantly affect results, when the number of eagle pairs in a certain area is counted.
Biological control of incrusting organisms and sediments in Chilean oyster cultures
Authors: Barile Juan , Rivas Gimena , Vega Rolando , Ríos-Escalante Patricio De los
Published: March 2021

Abstract The oyster culture has the incrusting organism as problem for production, in this context, it evaluated as biological control against incrusting organism and sediments the introduction of gastropod Tegula atra (Lesson, 1830) in Chilean oysters (Triostrea chilensis Phillippi, 1844) cultures in conditions of starvation presence and absence located in floating cages and bottom cultures. The predation and mechanic effect on T. atra grazing generated a decreasing in seven days of 19.8% and 13.7% of incrusting organisms in cage culture and bottom sediments by effects of gastropods without starvation respectively. Whereas it had a decrease of 12.6% and 11.4% of incrusting organisms in cage culture and bottom sediments by effects of gastropods with starvation respectively. The incrusting organism removed were mainly algae, colonial ascidia, polychaeta, bryozoan and small crustaceans.
Distribution of commensal rodents in some shops of three districts in Malakand region, Pakistan
Authors: Khan W. , Das S. N. , Ullah H. , Panhwar W. A. , Ahmed S. , Ahmad M. S. , Kamal M. , Ahmad A. , Mohsin M. U. , Hussain A. , Khaliq G. , Hussain I.
Published: March 2021

Abstract Using wire mesh live traps distribution pattern of the Rattus rattus and Mus musculus in different shops of three districts of Malakand region, Pakistan were recorded from September 2014 to October 2015. Over all 103 rodents (Rattus rattus 86 and Mus musculus 17) were caught during in 0.04 trap success (2448 trap nights). Regression of daily captures on cumulative captures revealed an estimate of 103 rodents from all the sampled structures with an average of 3.55 rodents per shop. R. rattus; 83.4% of captures were numerically dominant in almost all types of shops sampled, and were significantly different than Mus musculus; 16.5% of captures. Both species were found together in some shops while they were mostly trapped from the separate shops. Male rodents outnumbered the females.
Construcción discursiva de significados en torno a las posibilidades del currículo escolar desde las voces de los estudiantes
Authors: Baeza-Duffy Patricia , Melo-Letelier Giselle
Published: March 2021

RESUMEN El objetivo de este estudio cualitativo consiste en analizar la construcción discursiva de significados en torno a las posibilidades del currículo desde las voces de los estudiantes. El análisis adopta una perspectiva que integra aportes del Modelo de la Valoración y las categorías de estrategias y representación de actores sociales tomadas de los Estudios Críticos del Discurso. El corpus está conformado por tres grupos focales en colegios públicos. En cuanto a los procedimientos de análisis, se consideran dos fases. Una primera fase descriptiva comprende un microanálisis de recursos con los que los estudiantes construyen su posicionamiento. En la segunda fase, se analiza la alineación y desalineación como prácticas sociales en relación con las posibilidades del curriculum escolar. Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes plantean sus propias propuestas y utilizan prosodias valorativas que funcionan como estrategias que legitiman las clases motivadoras, lúdicas, creativas, a cargo de expertos y deslegitiman las clases pasivas y con inspectores poco afectuosos, desmotivados. Las estrategias de legitimación conforman macroestrategias de transformación del status quo. Los actores sociales son representados por medio de: activación, funcionalización y autorización.
Um modelo teórico para o cálculo do raio do próton
Authors: Krupczak Renata , Dartora César Augusto
Published: March 2021

Medir o raio do próton oferece informações a respeito de sua estrutura interna, de modo que medidas utilizando diferentes métodos foram realizadas ao longo da história. Contudo, em 2010 uma nova medida diferindo 4% das anteriores gerou o problema chamado de o quebra-cabeça do raio do próton, referindo-se ao fato de não haver explicação aparente para essa discrepância. Observando que os atuais cálculos do raio do próton são fundamentados em dados experimentais, este artigo tem como propósito apresentar um modelo teórico simplificado, baseado nos termos de energias potenciais da QCD perturbativa. Apesar de aproximado, o modelo chega ao valor de 0, 817 fm, o que difere em 2,9% do atual valor considerado pelo CODATA. Assim sendo, este trabalho busca contribuir com uma formulação didática para abordar o problema do tamanho do próton e o entendimento das interações fundamentais da matéria.
Fotografando com uma câmera de pixel único
Authors: Alencar Thonimar V. , Carvalho Edson J.
Published: March 2021

Como alternativa às técnicas fotográficas que utilizam sensores com milhões de pixels, é possível usar uma câmera com apenas um pixel para registrar imagens. Para isso, é necessário iluminar a cena com um feixe luminoso espacialmente modulado e medir a intensidade da luz espalhada com um sensor de pixel único. Este artigo apresenta como uma imagem digital é produzida usando um sistema de baixo custo para montar uma câmera de pixel único. A técnica consiste em se obter uma imagem no domínio de Fourier e convertê-la no domínio espacial usando um algoritmo de transformada rápida de Fourier. O experimento proposto pode ser conduzido por estudantes de graduação em disciplinas de física experimental avançada. Os resultados mostram que o reconhecimento da cena ocorre a partir de 20% do número total de medidas, demonstrando seu potencial em aplicações para sistemas de imageamento com compressão de dados.
Color change of composites on substrates treated with 0.2% chlorhexidine
Authors: SBARDELOTTO Cristian , PIRES-DE-SOUZA Fernanda de Carvalho Panzeri , TORRIERI Rafaella Tonani , ARRUDA Carolina Noronha Ferraz de
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the effect of 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) as a pretreatment of two types of adhesive systems on color stability of composite resin restorations. Methods Forty bovine teeth were prepared (6x6x2mm) and randomly divided into 4 groups (n=10): SB - total etch adhesive (Single Bond 2, 3M ESPE); SB + CHX - dentin pretreatment with CHX (30 seconds) followed by SB application; Adh - self-etch adhesive (AdheSE, Ivoclar Vivadent); Adh + CHX - pretreatment with CHX (30 seconds) + followed by Adh application. The teeth were restored with Filtek Z350XT (3M ESPE) and photoactivated for 40 seconds. Color measurements (EasyShade, VITA) were performed following the CIE Lab scale at baseline, 1 and 3 months (distilled water/37°C). The mean color change values (?E) and coordinates (L*, a* and b*) were statistically analyzed (2-way ANOVA, repeated measures, Bonferroni, p <.05). Results Results showed that there was a reddening and yellowing of the restorative material after 3 months, differing (p <.05) from 1 month. There was no difference (p >.05) regarding the treatment with CHX. Conclusions The 0.2% CHX adhesive pretreatment did not produce greater color changes in composite resin restorations irrespective of the type of adhesive system used. However, time had significant effect on the change, regardless of the substrate treatment.
Development of a nursing diagnosis educational software program
Authors: Almeida Miriam de Abreu , Lucena Amália de Fátima , Nomura Aline Tsuma Gaedke , Graeff Murilo , Chies Natália , Pruinelli Lisiane
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction The human-computer interaction is essential in simulated electronic systems associated with teaching-learning activities. Interactive clinical cases reinforce the diagnostic reasoning ability, a stage of the advanced Nursing Process. Purpose To build educational software, based on NANDA International, to improve the accuracy of nursing diagnoses. Method Methodological study in three stages: preparation and validation of case studies; construction; homologation and evaluation. Held between January / 2012 and December / 2013, in a university hospital in southern Brazil. Teachers, nurses, undergraduate students and graduate students in nursing and information technology participated. Approved by the Research Ethics Committee (130035). Results Construction of five case studies and two versions of the software: one simulates the reasoning process for establishing the diagnosis; another, aimed at teachers, makes it possible to edit/create cases. Conclusion The software helps in the teaching-learning process, generating accurate diagnoses, supporting more appropriate interventions.
Risks of illness of nursing professors working in in post-graduation courses
Authors: Bublitz Susan , Beck Carmem Lúcia Colomé , Silva Rosângela Marion da , Pai Daiane Dal , Camponogara Silviamar
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT Objective To identify the risk of illness related to the work context of nurse professors of stricto sensu nursing post-graduation programs of public institutions. Method Mixed study (convergent and parallel) carried out in federal universities in Rio Grande do Sul, with nurse professors, from November 2015 to October 2016. As data collection techniques, the Work Context Assessment Scale and a semi-structured interview were used. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Results For the quantitative data, it was identified that all factors on the scale were assessed as critical for the risk of illness. The reports complement the quantitative data, and point to work overload, competitiveness, and inadequate infrastructure. Conclusion This study offers subsidies for the implementation of actions aimed at the health of nursing professors and helps in the understanding of the work context, which presents risks for illness.
Biological aspects of the two-spotted spider mite on strawberry plants under silicon application
Authors: Ribeiro Edenilson B , Castellani Maria Aparecida , Andrade Daniel Júnior de , Prado Renato de M , Souza Larissa Adelita SC , Freire Daniel S , Savi Patrice Jacob
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT Silicon is an inducer of plant resistance to arthropod pests, being a promising strategy for integrated management. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of silicon on biological, reproductive and population aspects of parental and F1 generations of the two-spotted spider mite on strawberry plants. Potassium silicate, nanosilica and water were applied to the plants. Two-spotted spider mite females were confined to strawberry leaf disks for oviposition and, after hatching, larvae were observed until the emergence of adults. Once adults had been obtained, couples were formed in order to evaluate pre-oviposition, oviposition, longevity and fertility, with an estimated net reproduction rate, intrinsic rate of increase, finite rate of increase and the necessary time for doubling the generation. Silicon prolonged the duration of some immature stages of the mites in parental and F1 generations, did not affect the duration of the whole biological cycle, though. The periods of pre-oviposition, oviposition and longevity of the parental generation and the longevity and oviposition of F1 generation of the two-spotted spider mite were negatively affected by potassium silicate and nanosilica. The population parameters of the parental generation of the mites indicated that nanosilica is able to lead to a long-run decrease of this pest population.
Selectivity of herbicide oxadiazon to processing tomato and control of American black nightshade plants
Authors: Correia Núbia Maria
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT American black nightshade (Solanum americanum) is one of the main weeds for tomato crops. However, no herbicide approved for this crop in Brazil is effective for the control of this species and selective to tomato plants. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the selectivity of the herbicide oxadiazon to plants of three processing tomato hybrids and the control of American black nightshade plants. Four trials were installed: one under greenhouse and three under field conditions. The greenhouse trial was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications, using a 2x5 factorial arrangement consisting of preemergence and postemergence applications of five oxadiazon rates (75, 125, 250, 375, and 500 g ha-1) to control American black nightshade plants, and two control treatments without herbicide application. The field trials were conducted in a randomized blocks design with four replications on commercial production areas in the municipality of Cristalina-GO, Brazil. The tomato hybrids tested were Acangata 9992, H-9553, and HMX 7885, one in each trial. The treatments consisted of application of five oxadiazon rates (125, 250, 375, 500, and 625 g ha-1) at pre-planting of the tomato seedlings, and a control treatment without herbicide application. The application of oxadiazon in preemergence, in the greenhouse, was more efficient for controlling American black nightshade plants under greenhouse conditions than the application on plants with 2-3 leaves. However, the weed control was satisfactory (>90%) when rates up to 246 g ha-1 were used, in both application times. The herbicide application caused no visual injuries to tomato plants under field conditions, and had no negative effect on fruit yield. Therefore, the herbicide oxadiazon was highly selective to the three processing tomato hybrids when applied at pre-planting, using rates of up to 625 g ha-1. The herbicide presented excellent control of American black nightshade plants, using rates from 125 to 371 g ha-1.
Perspectivas teóricas sobre salud y migración: determinantes sociales, transnacionalismo y vulnerabilidad estructural
Authors: Piñones-Rivera Carlos , Concha Nanette Liberona , Gómez Sandra Leiva
Published: March 2021

Resumen El artículo analiza críticamente las tres aproximaciones teóricas contemporáneas más importantes en el abordaje del binomio salud-migración: el enfoque de determinantes sociales de la Organización Mundial de la Salud; los estudios sobre transnacionalismo y salud; y las propuestas sobre vulnerabilidad estructural. Se exponen las ideas centrales que les caracterizan y se presentan las principales críticas realizadas. Dado que la mayor parte de la literatura actual está siendo publicada en inglés, el artículo acerca de manera sintética algunas de las principales contribuciones en la materia al público hispanohablante, siendo el primer trabajo de este tipo que incluye la aproximación de la vulnerabilidad estructural. El análisis se apoyó en el software CAQDAS Nvivo, utilizando análisis de contenido sumariante, estructurante y explicativo. El trabajo enfatiza la importancia de los procesos de determinación estructural de la salud de los migrantes, y concluye abogando por un análisis de las convenciones científicas presentes en las perspectivas teóricas, en tanto estas tienen un impacto concreto en la salud de los migrantes, como fundamentos de políticas y como materia prima para el sentido común.
Medicina baseada em evidências: breve aporte histórico sobre marcos conceituais e objetivos práticos do cuidado
Authors: Faria Lina , Oliveira-Lima José Antonio de , Almeida-Filho Naomar
Published: March 2021

Resumo A medicina baseada em evidências (MBE) pretende aumentar a eficiência e qualidade dos serviços de saúde prestados à população e diminuir os custos operacionais dos processos de prevenção, tratamento e reabilitação. Busca identificar problemas relevantes do paciente e promover a aplicabilidade social das conclusões. O artigo ressalta a importância da MBE para o ensino e para as práticas clínicas sociais da atualidade a partir da contribuição de Archibald Cochrane e David Sackett no desenvolvimento e na difusão desse paradigma assistencial e pedagógico durante o século XX. A MBE tem contribuído para ampliar a discussão sobre as relações entre ensino e prática da medicina, assumindo papel de destaque em reformas curriculares e modelos de formação no cuidado e práticas em saúde.
Leituras sobre o sanitarismo desenvolvimentista e interpretações para a reforma sanitária brasileira e a saúde coletiva
Authors: Borges Camila Furlanetti , Baptista Tatiana Wargas de Faria
Published: March 2021

Resumo Na literatura do campo da saúde coletiva há uma construção que sustenta a associação entre o movimento pela reforma sanitária dos anos 1970 e o que se denominou sanitarismo desenvolvimentista. A partir dos discursos de dois sanitaristas do período desenvolvimentista – Mário Magalhães da Silveira e Carlos Gentile de Mello –, buscou-se reconhecer como se deu a construção desse lugar de “precursor” da reforma sanitária. Foi feita a análise das interfaces entre a saúde coletiva, o pensamento desenvolvimentista, a estratégia de construção do “sanitarista desenvolvimentista” e a reforma sanitária. Sem negar o papel precursor daqueles sanitaristas, argumenta-se que a construção do Sistema Único de Saúde não é uma mera continuidade do pensamento desenvolvimentista.
Diplomacia científico-tecnológica: a trajetória de Júlio Constâncio de Villeneuve
Authors: Malavota Leandro Miranda
Published: March 2021

Resumo Partindo de uma investigação sobre a vida, a obra e o pensamento do diplomata Júlio Constâncio de Villeneuve, conde de Villeneuve, o artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre iniciativas e objetivos da diplomacia brasileira nas últimas décadas do Segundo Reinado. O foco da análise recai sobre o papel que objetos concernentes ao campo científico-tecnológico assumiam em um contexto de profundas transformações nas diretrizes de política externa do Império, sendo tomados como fatores importantes em uma nova estratégia de inserção internacional adotada após a Guerra da Tríplice Aliança.
Framing the Latin American nutrition transition in a historical perspective, 1850 to the present
Authors: Ablard Jonathan D.
Published: March 2021

Abstract This paper argues that many of the foundations and trends that led to the rise in obesity and other diet-related health problems in Latin America began to develop in the late nineteenth century. The tendency towards presentism in the nutrition transition literature provides a much abbreviated and limited history of changes in diet and weight. Whereas medical and nutrition researchers have tended to emphasize the recent onset of the crisis, a historical perspective suggests that increasingly global food sourcing prompted changes in foodways and a gradual “fattening” of Latin America. This paper also provides a methodological and historiographic exploration of how to historicize the nutrition transition, drawing on a diverse array of sources from pre-1980 to the present.