bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POLITIK DINASTI DALAM PEMILIHAN KEPALA DAERAH: PERSIMPANGAN ANTARA HAK ASASI DAN DEMOKRASI
Authors: Farida Azzahra  , Indah Fitriani Sukri
Published: March 2022

Jika ditinjau secara hukum, praktik politik kekerabatan atau lazim juga disebut sebagai politik dinasti bahwasanya merupakan praktik politik yang konstitusional di Indonesia. Sebelumnya, terdapat upaya untuk menghambat pertumbuhan politik dinasti melalui Pasal 7 huruf Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 2015 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2015 tentang Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang Pemilihan Gubernur, Bupati, dan Walikota yang mengatur mengenai persyaratan calon kepala daerah. Namun, pasca lahirnya Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 33/PUU-XIII/2015, perkembangan politik dinasti pada Pemilihan Kepala Daerah semakin massif di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum Yuridis Normatif (Legal Research) dengan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach), dan pendekatan perbandingan (comparative approach). Dalam penelitian ini ditemukan praktik politik dinasti di Indonesia telah berlangsung sejak zama pra reformasi. Sebelumnya politik dinasti cenderung terjadi di pemerintahan pusat, namun kini praktik politik dinasti lazim ditemukan pada pemerintahan daerah. Masifnya praktik politik dinasti di daerah ini dikhawatirkan dapat menciderai prinsip demokrasi yang berpotensi menimbulkan penyalahgunaan kekuasaan dan praktik korupsi yang kemudian berdampak pada menurunnya tata kelola pemerintahan di daerah. Untuk itu, diperlukan upaya untuk menghambat praktik politik dinasti di Indonesia.
Dampak Penggunaan Gadget pada Interaksi Sosial Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Nur Mutmainnatul Itsna  , Risatur Rofi’ah
Published: March 2022

Gadget is an electronic device that has a special function on each device. It is important to understand the influence of gadgets, especially for parents, so that parents can limit their children's use of gadgets so that children's developmental abilities develop well and become active, intelligent, and interactive children with others. Excessive use of gadgets will be able to affect the lack of social interaction in children in the environment. Based on the description above, the formulation of the problem in this study can be determined, namely (1) How is the impact of gadget use on early childhood social interaction in Sendangagung Paciran Lamongan Village (2) What are the factors that influence the use of gadgets in early childhood. The purpose of this study is to find out how the impact of using gadgets on early childhood social interactions in Sendangagung Paciran Lamongan Village and to find out what are the factors that influence the use of gadgets in early childhood. In this study, researchers used descriptive qualitative research methods. Data collection procedures are interviews, observation and documentation. Checking the validity of the data carried out is triangulation. The results of this study indicate that the use of gadgets in early childhood has positive and negative impacts. The positive impact is making it easier for a child to obtain information and making children more creative through the available features, while the negative impacts include lack of interaction, decreased social skills, dependence. by gadgets. From these results, it is suggested that future researchers can develop other variables so that they will enrich scientific findings in the impact of gadget use on early childhood.
Reviewer acknowledgements for Environment and Pollution, Vol. 11, No. 1
Authors: John Albert
Published: March 2022

Reviewer acknowledgements for Environment and Pollution, Vol. 11, No. 1, 2022.
ANALISIS DAMPAK LALU LINTAS PEMBANGUNAN GEDUNG PLN (PERSERO) TANAH WAHIDIN (Studi Kasus : Kantor PLN Jl. Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo, Kel. Macannang, Kec. Tanete Riattang, Kab. Bone)
Authors: Andriyani Andriyani , Azikin M. Thahir
Published: March 2022

ABSTRAKPembangunan suatu kawasan dan/atau lokasi tertentu mempunyai pengaruh terhadap lalu lintas disekitarnya. Analisis dampak lalu lintas dipergunakan untuk memprediksi apakah infrastruktur transportasi dalam daerah pengaruh pembangunan tersebut dapat melayani lalu lintas yang ada (eksisting) ditambah dengan lalu lintas yang dibangkitkan atau ditarik oleh pembangunan tersebut. Jika prasarana yang ada tidak dapat mendukung lalu lintas tersebut maka harus dilakukan kajian penanganan prasarana tersebut atau pengaturan manajemen terhadap lalu lintasnya.Analisis Dampak Lalu lintas (Andalalin) pada dasarnya merupakan analisis pengaruh pengembangan tata guna lahan terhadap sistem pergerakan arus lalu lintas disekitarnya, yang diakibatkan oleh bangkitan lalu lintas yang baru, lalu lintas yang beralih dan oleh kendaraan keluar masuk dari/ke lahan tersebut. Andalalin sangat beragam, bergantung pada kondisi setempat dan kebijakan yang ada. Andalalin dapat bersifat makroskopik pada tahap pra-kajian kelayakan suatu pengembangan lahan, yang perhatian utamanya lebih diarahkan pada sistem transportasi makronya, selain itu dapat juga bersifat rinci (mikroskopik). Kebijakan pengendalian dampak lalu lintas dapat berupa usaha meminimalkan dampak lalu lintas, misalnya peningkatan kapasitas jalan.Secara umum telah diterima suatu konsep analisis “menginternalkan eksternalitis” dengan konsekuensi “poluter pays” dengan pengertian bahwa pihak pengembang harus memberikan kontribusi yang nyata dalam penanganan dampak lalu lintas sebagai akibat pengembangan suatu kawasan atau lokasi tertentu. Bangunan PT. PLN (Persero) Tanah Wahidin akan merubah pergerakan perjalanan yang ada dan membawa dampak permasalahan lalu lintas di daerah sekitarnya. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan kajian manajemen dan rekayasa lalu lintas untuk meminimumkan dampak tersebut. Kata Kunci :   Andalalin, Penanganan Dampak Lalu Lintas, Kajian Manajemen dan Rekayasa Lalu Lintas
ANALISIS PEMAKAIAN DERMAGA TERHADAP LAYANAN KAPAL PADA PELABUHAN PAJALA KABUPATEN MUNA BARAT
Authors: Putri Tryantini Sundi , Welendo La , Rustan Fathur Rahman , Latimba Yusran
Published: March 2022

ABSTRAKPelabuhan Pajala adalah salah satu pelabuhan yang berada di wilayah Kabupaten Muna Barat Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara, sebagai urat nadi perekonomian Kabupaten Muna Barat khususnya arus keluar masuk barang dan penumpang melalui angkutan laut. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah menganalisis nilai BOR dan menganalisis panjang dermaga (Lp) pada Deramaga Pelabuhan Pajala Kabupaten Muna Barat. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus dengan menggunakan metode pengamatan langsung dengan wawancara kepada pihak pengelola pelabuhan. Hasil analisis tingkat pemakaian dermaga terhadap waktu kunjungan kapal, untuk naik/turun penumpang dan bongkar/muat barang pada Pelabuhan Pajala mencapai 96,5% > 50%  nilai  BOR yang di standarkan oleh UNCTAD untuk dermaga dengan 2 tambatan. Jadi, pelabuhan Pajala saat ini belum mampu melayani arus kapal dengan baik atau pemakaian dermaga belum efektif dan hasil analisis kebutuhan layanan kapal terhadap ukuran dermaga pada Pelabuhan Pajala untuk menghitung gabungan ukuran kapal terbesar untuk melakukan sandar 2 kapal sekaligus tidak bisa dilayani karena ukuran dermaga yang dibutukan  46 m > 5 m ukuran dermaga yang ada saat ini dan untuk ukuran kapal terkecil untuk melakukan sandar 2 kapal sekaligus tidak bisa dilayani karena ukuran dermaga yang dibutukan  45,2 m > 47 m ukuran dermaga yang ada di Pelabuhan Pajala.   Kata Kunci : BOR, Kinerja, DermagaABSTRACTPajala port is a port that is located in the district of West Muna Sulawesi Tenggara as the economic lifeblood West Muna. Especially the flow of goods and passengers by sea freight. The purpose of this study is to analyze the value of BOR and analyze the value of Lp in Pajala port West Muna. This research is a case study using the method of direct observation by interviewing the manager of the port. Results of the analysis of the consumption levels of the dock to the time the ship visits for up / down passengers and loading / unloading of goods at the port of Pajala 96,5%> 50% in value BOR standardize by UNCTAD to dock with 2 moorings. So port Pajala is not currently able to serve the flow of ships with either or usage dock has not been effective, and the results of a needs analysis service of the vessel to the size of the dock at the port of Pajala for sampling the combined size of the largest ships to berth two ships at the same time can not be served because of the size of the dock needed 46 m> 5 m size of the existing quay at the moment and for the size of the vessel smallest to berth two ships at the same time can not be served because the size dock needed 45,2 m> 5 m size of the existing quay in the port of Pajala. Keywords  : BOR, Performance, Pier
Penggunaan Metode Demonstrasi Pada Materi Sistem Pencernaan Makanan Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas XI IPA1 SMAN Binaan Khusus Kota Dumai Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017
Authors: Jannah Miftahul
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperbaiki proses belajar dan hasil belajar  biologi siswa kelas XI IPA SMAN Binaan Khusus Kota Dumai melalui Metode Demonstrasi Pada Materi Sistem Pencernaan Makanan manusia. Selama ini pembelajaran Biologi di kelas lebih didominasi oleh guru sehingga siswa bersifat pasif dalam belajar Biologi, frekuensi siswa yang bertanya kurang, tidak mempunyai tanggung  jawab dalam mengerjakan tugas dan siswa pandai tidak membantu siswa yang kurang pandai. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang terdiri atas dua siklus. Subjek dalam penelitian ini  adalah siswa kelas XI MIPA1 SMAN Binaan Khusus Kota Dumai pada semester I Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017 dengan jumlah siswa 33 orang dengan 15 orang siswa  laki-laki dan 18 orang siswa perempuan.Instrumen pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini adalah lembar pengamatan aktivitas guru dan siswa dan lembar hasil belajar. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik pengamatan dan teknik tes. Hasil pengamatan dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif, sedangkan hasil belajar siswa dianalisis secara analisis data kuantitatif dengan analisis ketercapaian KKM setiap indikator dan analisis rata-rata hasil belajar. Peningkatan hasil belajar biologi siswa dapat terlihat dari jumlah siswa yang tuntas pada studi awal yaitu 13 orang atau 39,39 % meningkat pada siklus 1 menjadi 23 orang atau 69,6%%. Dan mengalami peningkatan pada siklus 2  menjadi 29 orang yang tuntas atau 87,88 %. Berdasarkan catatan lapangan observer dalam penilaian aktivitas siswa, ternyata sudah sebagian besar siswa telah aktif berpartisipasi dalam pembelajaran sehingga siswa yang kurang aktif, yang tidak mengerti, yang hanya terfokus pada keterangan guru semakin berkurang dan menurun.Dari hasil penelitian diambil kesimpula bahwa penggunaan metode demonstrasi pada materi sistem pencernaan makanan dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar biologi siswa kelas XI IPA1 SMAN Binaan Khusus Kota Dumai.
Efektivitas Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) Berbasis Literasi Sains Untuk meningkatkan Kemampuan Literasi Sains Pada Materi Sistem Pencernaan Manusia
Authors: Harahap Siti Hafsah
Published: March 2022

Literasi sains menjadi kunci utama menghadapi berbagai tantangan abad 21. Kemampuan literasi sains peserta didik masih tergolong rendah, salah satu penyebabnya adalah rendahnya muatan literasi sains pada bahan ajar. Bahan ajar yang paling efektif digunakan dalam pembelajaran di kelas adalah LKPD. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan keefektifan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) berbasis literasi sains pada materi system pencernaan makanan kelas XI IPA SMA untuk meningkatkan kemampuan literasi sains peserta didik. Penelitian  ini merupakan penelitian quasi eksperimen dengan desain penelitian pretest-posttest control group design. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh peserta didik kelas XI SMAN 4 Dumai, sampel penelitian adalah peserta didik kelas XI MIA 2. Pemilihan sampel berdasarkan Teknik simple random sampling. Instrumen pengumpulan data berupa soal tes kemampuan literasi sains yang telah diuji validitas, reabilitas, daya pembeda dan taraf kesukaran. Hasil tes kemudian diuji prasyarat analisis data dan uji hipotesis menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney dan Gain score. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai rata-rata pretest dan posttes pada kelas eksperimen  meningkat dari 37,58 dengan kriteria kurang menjadi 80,56 dengan kriteria baik, nilai peningkatan tergolong sedang dengan nilai N-Gain sebesar 0,7 sedangkan pada kelas kontrol dari nilai 36,83 menjadi 64,84 dengan N-Gain 0,4. Berdasarkan nilain n-gain tampak bahwa pembelajaran menggunakan LKPD berbasis literasi sains pada kelas eksperimen dapat meningkatkan kemampuan literasi sains peserta didik, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa LKPD berbasis literasi sains efektif digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan literasi sains peserta didik
Blended Learning Melalui Google Classroom: Studi Kasus di Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau
Authors: Risnawati  , Thahir Musa
Published: March 2022

The Indonesian government has instructed the use of information and communication technology-based learning processes, especially internet-based learning. However, there are still weaknesses in the use of internet-based learning in the learning process among students. Therefore, this article aims to describe the use of blended learning through Google Classroom and determine the effect of applying blended learning through Google classroom in supporting the learning of Educational Research Statistics. The research method used in this article is a quantitative descriptive study sample of PAI UIN Suska Riau study program students. To obtain primary data from the field, questionnaires and tests are used to measure student learning outcomes. After each data is collected and tabulated, the data will be analyzed using statistical parametric analysis with descriptive tests and multiple regression tests using SPSS Version 23.00. The results showed that: 1) Student acceptance of the ease of Google Classroom had no positive effect in supporting learning of Research Methodology; 2) The performance of Google Classroom has a positive effect in supporting learning of Research Methodology; 3) Students' expectations for the use of Google Classroom do not have a positive effect in supporting learning of Research Methodology; and 4) Social Influence on the use of Google Classroom has no positive effect in supporting learning of Research Methodology.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Monopoly Games Smart Pada Materi Sistem Pencernaan di SMP
Authors: Syofian Ahmad , Syafii Nur Ahmmad Fauzi
Published: March 2022

This study aims to develop, feasibility and compare differences in learning outcomes before and after using Monopoly learning media Smart Games on the topic of the digestive system at SMP IBA Palembang. Research applying the Research and Development method with steps, namely definition, design, and development. Egibility is based on the evaluation of media experts and small-scale trials. Collecting data in this study using interviews, questionnaire and documentation. The analysis technique includes product data analysis. Research result shows that the learning media Monopoly Games Smart (MGS) is influential significant in improving concept mastery. Based on concept mastery students show that the application of learning uses Monopoly Games Smart is better than conventional. Learning process on system material digestion is felt to be more effective and student-centered which makes students more active in learning and make the learning process more meaningful. If the response good learning, then understanding the concept of the material will also be good.
Caracterização do perfil vertical do vento em Iperó (São Paulo) com o uso de um lidar doppler
Authors: Leme Beu Cássia Maria , Landulfo Eduardo
Published: March 2022

Um lidar Doppler com alcance até 290 m operou continuamente por 1 ano no município de Iperó, interior de São Paulo. O lidar usado possui alta resolução vertical e temporal e estima além da velocidade e direção do vento horizontal, também a velocidade vertical do vento. O banco de dados gerado durante essa campanha experimental permitirá estudar fenômenos da Camada Limite Planetária, bem como validar modelos numéricos e auxiliar estudos de transporte e dispersão de poluentes. Neste trabalho é apresentada a caracterização do perfil vertical do vento e o ciclo anual entre Agosto/2017 e julho/2018.
Exploratory Analysis of Electronic Health Records using Topic Modeling
Authors: Puerari Ivair , Duarte Denio , Dal Bianco Guilherme , Felipette Lima Julyane
Published: March 2022

The rapid growth of electronic health record (EHR) systems brings an increase in available information about patients in hospitals. This massive amount of text information presents an opportunity to extract unknown information about medical history, medication, diseases, allergies, among others. Extracting the main topics that represent the subjects covered by a text collection can give valuable insights. To this end, approaches for topic modeling have been used to tackle such problems as information discovery and topic extraction with thematic information. In this context, this work presents an exploratory analysis of a collection of electronic health records from an intensive care unit (ICU). The collection is split into two sub-collections: discharged patients and patients who progressed to death. We apply an LDA-based approach to discover the latent topics from the collections. The analyses show that some topics are more recurrent in the deceased patients (the death collection), like renal diseases, and others are more recurrent in the discharge collection, for example, diabetes. The results of the analyses can be useful for improving intensive care services since the topics can be a guide to understanding the patterns in discharge and death situations.
Consulting in Context: Legitimacy of Management Consultants in Public Administration and at Universities
Authors: Seidenschnur Tim , Galwa Julia , Krücken Georg , Vogel Rick
Published: March 2022

Management consulting has spread to almost all institutional fields. While scholars have largely acknowledged consultants’ role in implementing and legitimising decisions (i.e., legitimation by consultants), less is known about how consultants themselves gain legitimacy (i.e., legitimation of consultants). New institutionalism suggests that legitimacy building refers to the broader institutional context in which consulting takes place and will therefore unfold differently in different fields. By following this reasoning and integrating the institutional work concept, we argue that active clients play an important role in legitimacy-building processes vis-à-vis external consultants. We use data from semi-structured interviews with 38 clients and 41 consultants in two fields beyond the traditional consulting business: public administration and universities. Our analysis shows that in both fields, management consultants source their legitimacy from a broad range of institutional values and processes. In public administration, they have to adapt to a bureaucratic organisation and hierarchy, which gives rise to field-specific interpretative patterns. At universities, consultants do not only have to account for the managerial and administrative thinking of universities’ administrations but also for academic perspectives and traditions in the organization. In both institutional fields, clients who are active in consulting processes co-construct consultants’ legitimacy. However, the role they take as consultants’ partners contrasts between the fields. This is indicated by differences in the way how the failure of a consulting project and its consequences for clients is perceived.
Ecological Rhetoric: Topics of Newspaper Headlines
Authors: GABRĖNAITĖ EGLĖ , ŠIMKUTĖ AUGUSTĖ
Published: March 2022

The media perform not only the function of information but also of ecological education: it forms the ecological identity of its target audience. The media help to present the topics of ecology, climate change, and sustainable development for the public in a more understandable and persuasive language. Also, the discourse of ecology in the media is bidirectional: it is created not only by the representatives of science and social actors but also by the media themselves, which form the concept of ecology in their desired direction. Rhetorical analysis of ecological discourse allows us to identify the components of this ecological worldview and to elucidate their mechanisms of persuasion and proof. The present research was focused on the logical and rhetorical topoi in the headlines of articles on ecology. The aim of this research was to identify and analyse ecological topics in headlines. The research material was analysed using the method of rhetorical discourse analysis, which allowed us to distinguish and define the categories of the research object. The method of rhetorical analysis was combined with critical discourse analysis that investigates real cases of social interaction in authentic media-broadcast persuasive discourse and their mechanisms of persuasion. The analysis of the headlines helped to identify the dominant logical topics, the recurring themes: sustainable development and consumption, climate change, environmental protection. The logical topics in the headlines is verbalised by a role model, example, cause and consequence, and novelty topoi.
In Memoriam: Раде Михаљчић
Authors: Смиљанић Аранђел
Published: March 2022

У четвртак 26. марта 2020. послије дуге и тешке болести умро је наш професор, колега и пријатељ, је прилика да прикажемо животни пут нашег покојног професора. У питању је тежак и незахвалан посао, јер је готово немогуће на неколико страница приказати сва његова достигнућа, успјехе и награде. При томе се не смије занемарити ни његова личност која је, по много чему, била непоновљива.
İHSAİYAT MECMUASI 1925-1926 ve 1926-1927 DERS YILI İSTATİSTİKLERİNE GÖRE İZMİR DEKİ TÜRK ÖZEL OKULLARI
Authors: İdem Tekin
Published: March 2022

Osmanlı eğitiminin modernleşmesi döneminde devletin
kendi açtığı okulların yanında özel teşebbüslere de yer
verilmiştir. Bu çerçevede İstanbul, İzmir, Bursa gibi
şehirlerde varlıklı ve eğitim konusuna önem kişiler
tarafından özellikle ilk ve orta okullar açılmaya
başlanmıştır. Bu okullar halk tarafından rağbet görmüştür.
Bu şehirler arasında İzmir’de açılmış olan pek çok okul
eğitim tarihimizde yerini almıştır. İzmir’in ilk Türk özel
okulu 1886 yılında faaliyete geçen Mekteb-i Terakki’dir.
Mevcut okullar çeşitli sebeplerden ötürü Cumhuriyet
dönemine gelememekle beraber bazıları yeni dönemde de
devam edebilmiştir. Maarif Vekâleti İhsaiyat Mecmuası
istatistiklerine göre İzmir’de Ravza-i İrfan, Darül’l-İrfan,
Şemsü’l-Maarif ve Orhaniye adlı özel okulların Cumhuriyet
sonrasında da eğitim faaliyetine devam ettiğini
belirtmektedir.
Bu çalışmanın amacı 1925-1926 ve 1926-1927 yılllarında
İhsaiyat Mecmuası istatistiklerine göre İzmir’deki bu dört
okulun kısa tarihçeleri, okulların genel özellikleri, ruhsat ve
bina bilgileri, kütüphane ve demirbaş bilgileri,
öğretmenlerin sayısı, nitelikleri, aldıkları maaşlar, okuldaki
öğrencilerin durumu, okulun gelir ve giderlerini ortaya
koymaktır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: İzmir, Türk Özel Okulları, İhsaiyat
Mecmuası, Eğitim.
Validation of the Canadian French version of the fear of COVID‐19 scale in the general population of Quebec
Authors: Attieh Randa , Koffi Kouamé , Touré Moustapha , Parr‐Labbé Érica , Pakpour Amir H. , Poder Thomas G.
Published: March 2022

Background

The purpose of this study was to develop a Canadian French translation of the fear of COVID‐19 scale (FCV‐19S) and assess its psychometric characteristics.

Methods

A forward and backtranslation process was conducted for the Canadian French version of the FCV‐19S. The guidance of the ISPOR task force for translation and cultural adaptation was followed and cognitive debriefing interviews were conducted with six citizens. The final proofread Canadian French FCV‐19S was then administered to a large sample of citizens from the province of Quebec in Canada through an online survey. A quota sampling was conducted in 2020. Respondents from the survey also completed the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation (CORE)‐6D and the Sense of Coherence (SOC‐3) questionnaires. Several psychometric tests were performed to investigate the reliability (internal consistency) and validity of the Canadian French FCV‐19S, including construct validity, concurrent validity, and Rasch analysis.

Results

The translation process was conducted without any major difficulties. The cognitive debriefing interviews led to no change in the reconciled translation. The survey collected answers from 3428 citizens. Results indicated that the factor structure of the Canadian French FCV‐19S is a unidimensional factor fitting well with the data. The scale showed adequate reliability (Cronbach's alpha of .903) and concurrent validity, as indicated by significantly negative correlation with CORE‐6D (r = –.410) and SOC‐3 (r = –.233). The Canadian French FCV‐19S properties tested using Rasch analysis was also very satisfactory.

Conclusions

The results of the present study indicated that the Canadian French version of FCV‐19S is a unidimensional tool with robust psychometric properties in the adult's population of all ages residing in the province of Quebec, Canada.
Consumer matching costs to context: Status quo bias, temporal framing, and household energy decisions
Authors: Gill Carrie A. , Atlas Stephen A. , Hardisty David J. , Scott Shawn P.
Published: March 2022

One challenge of promoting energy‐efficient behavior change is status quo bias: consumers are reluctant to change away from their current level of energy usage, even if their energy usage is higher than they would actively choose. Using experimental data, this article examines what temporal frame minimizes status quo bias and encourages energy‐efficient behavioral intentions. The authors find that individuals make the most energy efficient decisions when presented with a monthly framing because they are more easily able to think about monthly costs than daily or yearly costs. The authors investigate whether cognitive fluency could be an underlying mechanism, and find evidence that individuals are most fluent when energy costs are framed on a monthly basis.
Protective Effects of Shorea roxburghii Phenolic Extract on Nephrotoxicity Induced by Cyclophosphamide: Impact on Oxidative Stress, Biochemical and Histopathological Alterations
Authors: Hu Jun , Tong Changjun , Zhou Jiajun , Gao Chaoqing , Olatunji Opeyemi Joshua
Published: March 2022

Cyclophosphamide (CTX) is one of the most commonly used alkylating agents for the treatment of various cancers; however, CTX‐induced nephrotoxicity is one of the most prevailing side effects of the drug. Shorea roxburghii is a plant with diverse bioactivities including antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory and renoprotective effects. This study investigated the nephroprotective effect of Shorea roxburghii phenolic extract (SRPF) against CTX‐induced nephrotoxicity in rats. The rats were treated with SRPF (100 and 400 mg/kg) for 5 weeks and were concomitantly administered with CTX. The results indicated that treatment with SRPF significantly decreased serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid as well as renal MDA, IL‐6, TNF‐α, IL‐1β, NF‐kB and caspase‐3 levels. Furthermore, SRPF augmented the activities of renal SOD, CAT, GSH and GPx. SRPF also improved renal histopathological damages caused by CTX administration. In conclusion, these results suggested that SRPF showed substantial protective effects against CTX‐mediated renal toxicity via its antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory effects.
Hybrid optimization based learning technique for multi‐disease analytics from healthcare big data using optimal pre‐processing, clustering and classifier
Authors: Parimanam Kavitha , Lakshmanan Latha , Palaniswamy Thangam
Published: March 2022

With the rapid development of health information systems in recent years covering big data trends, clinical information is being adapted to understand important health trends and provide timely prophylactic treatment. However, the current plan fails to maintain a highly organized analysis and processing of health data. In addition, it collects issues that play an important role in determining quality. In this article, we propose a hybrid optimization based learning technique for multi‐disease analytics (HOL‐MD) from healthcare big data using optimal pre‐processing, clustering, and classifier. First, we introduce a capuchin search based optimization algorithm for preprocessing which removes the unwanted artifacts to enhance the detection accuracy. Second, we introduce a modified Harris Hawks optimization based clustering (MHHOC) technique used to select optimal features among multiple features which discovers the subgroups and reduce the dimensionality issues. We evaluated the performance of proposed HOL‐MD technique using standard US healthcare organization dataset, SUSY and HIGGS datasets. Finally, we proved the effectiveness of proposed RTL‐DNN techniques in terms of 11.5%, 9.3%, 2.75%, and 3.45% higher than the existing state‐of‐art techniques in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F‐measure respectively.
The Search for Efficient True Blue and Deep Blue Emitters: An Overview of Platinum Carbene Acetylide Complexes
Authors: Maganti Teja , Venkatesan Koushik
Published: March 2022

Despite significant strides achieved in organic light emitting diode (OLED) based display technologies during the last decade, the search for highly stable and efficient true blue/deep blue emitters continues to remain elusive. During the past decade, emitters with the basic molecular scaffold consisting of Pt(II) acetylides and N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands have opened interesting opportunities to tune the emission properties with desired chromaticity in the blue and deep blue region. With an aim to achieve the desired CIE coordinates along with low device roll‐off efficiencies and satisfactory color purity, a number of variations on the basic molecular fragment have been made. A number of NHC Pt(II) alkyne complexes bearing monodentate, bidentate and tridentate ligands have been synthesized and their photophysical investigations have been reported. Although NHC Pt(II) alkyne complexes have been explored in other areas of applications, much of the investigations have been primarily focused for their interesting emission properties appearing particularly in the shorter wavelength (450–495 nm) part of the electromagnetic spectrum for organic light emitting diode (OLED) devices. In this review, we provide an overview of the investigated NHC Pt(II) acetylide complexes by detailing their synthesis, luminescence properties, performance in devices and future perspectives.
Agronomic performance of normal‐leafed and semi‐leafless pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes
Authors: Tran Chi Thanh , Becker Heiko C. , Horneburg Bernd
Published: March 2022

Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is a major pulse crop important as feed and food. Due to the symbiosis with N‐fixing bacteria, it is a valuable component of low‐input cropping systems. The traditional cultivation of peas was limited by their high susceptibility to lodging. This problem was reduced, though not completely solved, by a semi‐leafless mutant. Almost all modern cultivars carry this mutant. It is still an open question as to whether the lack of leaflets may have impaired the productivity. In organic farming, there is still interest in normal‐leafed peas as they can better compete with weeds. To compare the two leaf types, 24 normal‐leafed and 30 semi‐leafless genotypes were evaluated in three environments. Semi‐leafless genotypes had a higher seed (51%) and straw (40%) yield, but most normal‐leafed genotypes were older or less adapted than the semi‐leafless ones. Some newer normal‐leafed cultivars achieved the same yield level, but their cultivation is only possible in mixtures with a supporting crop. Nitrogen content in seed (10%) and in straw (30%) was lower in semi‐leafless genotypes. A negative correlation of yield and N content was observed in both leaf types. However, semi‐leafless peas had a higher N yield in seed and in straw. No correlation between N yield in seed and straw was found, so it is possible to combine a high seed yield with a high N yield in the straw. This is particularly important in organic production systems, where peas are also grown to provide N to the following crop.
Assessment of psychosocial work hazards and workplace deviant behaviours of teachers in rural community‐based schools
Authors: Ede Moses Onyemaechi , Aye Eucharia Nchedo , Okeke Chinedu Ifedi
Published: March 2022

This is a cross‐sectional study that assessed the psychosocial work hazards and workplace deviant behaviours of teachers in rural community‐based schools. A total of 254 primary school teachers participated in the study. Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) and Work Deviance Behaviour Scale were employed to elicit the teachers' responses. The descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage), and Pearson's correlation (r) statistical analysis were used to analyse the data. The results showed that the primary school teachers experience elements of psychosocial work hazards. It was also indicated that primary school teachers rarely exhibit work deviant behaviours. There is a significant positive relationship between psychosocial work hazards and workplace deviant behaviours of primary school teachers in Enugu State. In conclusion, it was suggested that teachers experience psychosocial work hazards and exhibit workplace deviant behaviours in primary schools in Enugu State Nigeria. Therefore, professionals in workplaces including schools should design practicable interventions that would help to reduce workplace deviance among employees in different works of life. With this, these should be reflected in decision‐making and policies implementations to rural communities and beyond.
Recyclable Carbon Fiber Reinforced Vanillin‐Based Polyimine Vitrimers: Degradation and Mechanical Properties Study
Authors: Wang Yuli , Xu Anchang , Zhang Lingwei , chen Zhicheng , Qin Rongyu , Liu Yang , Jiang Xiancai , Ye Dezhan , Liu Zengjin
Published: March 2022

Both environmental and economic factors have driven the development of degradable resin for carbon fiber (CF) recycling under mild conditions. However, the vast majority of thermosetting materials are difficult to recycle. This paper presents bio‐based polyimine vitrimers to fully recycle the CF. The effect of vitrimers fine structures on the thermal, mechanical, solvent resistance, and degradation properties is carefully investigated. The tensile strength at break and Young's Modulus of pure polyimine vitrimers reach ≈80.3 MPa and 2.89 GPa. Importantly, the mechanical property of isophoronediamine‐based polyimine vitrimers/two‐layers CF exhibits a slightly inferior value to that of bisphenol A epoxy. Polyimine vitrimers are easily degradable under acid solution at 60 °C for 24 h. The surface morphology and chemical structure of CF are not changed after recycling. This work on mildly degradable polyimine vitrimers from vanillin and readily recycling of CF is desirable for the development of eco‐friendly CF composites and lignin functional materials.
Enhancement of Chiroptical Responses of trans‐Bis[(β‐iminomethyl)naphthoxy]platinum(II) Complexes with Distorted Square Planar Coordination Geometry
Authors: Ikeshita Masahiro , Furukawa Sho , Ishikawa Takahiro , Matsudaira Kana , Imai Yoshitane , Tsuno Takashi
Published: March 2022

Invited for this month's cover picture are the groups of Masahiro Ikeshita and Takashi Tsuno at Nihon University and Yoshitane Imai at Kindai University (Japan). The cover picture shows the comparison of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) properties of square planar platinum(II) complexes with different coordination geometry. Computational studies have been carried out to investigate these structure‐dependencies, and revealed that the distortion of the coordination geometry results into an enhancement the chiroptical responses of these compounds. Read the full text of their Research Article at 10.1002/open.202100277.
Efficient Trimetallic Metal‐Organic‐Framework Derived Cu/Fe3C/N−C Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Yang Jin‐Meng , Chen Feng , Zhu Hai‐Bin
Published: March 2022

A series of porous N‐doped carbon electrocatalysts decorated with Cu and Fe3C, namely Cu/Fe3C/N−C‐x‐T (T=temperature, and x=Cu/Fe molar ratio), have been prepared for oxygen reduction by pyrolysis of trimetallic Cu/Fe/Zn MOF (MOF=Metal‐Organic Framework) precursors with variable Cu/Fe molar ratio. It reveals that the Cu/Fe molar ratio has a great impact not only on the morphologies of Cu/Fe3C/N−C‐x‐T electrocatalysts but also on the catalytic performance toward oxygen reduction. In 0.1 M KOH solution, the optimal Cu/Fe3C/N−C‐1‐1000 electrocatalyst can compete with the Pt/C benchmark, showing Eonset (onset potential) of 0.95 V (vs. RHE) and E1/2 (half‐wave potential) of 0.85 V (vs. RHE) (RHE=Reversible Hydrogen Electrode). Zinc‐air battery with Cu/Fe3C/N−C‐1‐1000 as the cathode also delivers a maximal power density of 90 mW.cm−2, and demonstrates a little decay in potential after running for 40 hrs at 20 mA.cm−2.
Beyond Data: Unifying Behavior Modeling
Authors: Barachini Franz , Stary Christian
Published: March 2022

In this chapter, we first motivate a behavior-centered perspective on representing development knowledge, such as digital twins which serve as baseline and frame of reference for design and execution. The introduced design-integrated engineering approach is based on role understanding of autonomous while federated actors.
Simulation Methods and Game Theory
Authors: Barachini Franz , Stary Christian
Published: March 2022

In this chapter, we present the areas constituting agent-based social simulation, and we give a short overview on game theory. The given explanations should sufficiently contribute to the understanding of the next chapters. We argue why game theory is such a powerful theory in modeling intra agent behavior of huge crowds.
System-of-Systems Thinking
Authors: Barachini Franz , Stary Christian
Published: March 2022

We introduce the concept of System-of-Systems, as it facilitates taking a dedicated perspective on CPS in the course of design and adaptation of behavior in a complex adaptive system. System-of-Systems thinking reduces complexity by considering functional behavior and socio-emotional capabilities in an integrative while situation-sensitive way.
Investigation of deposition welding in vertical and horizontal position with a coaxial laser wire welding head
Authors: Biester Kai , Budde Laura , Barroi Alexander , Lammers Marius , Hermsdorf Jörg , Overmeyer Ludger
Published: March 2022

Deposition welding of components using the laser metal deposition (LMD) process is a proven method of creating 3D structures. It is used for the manufacturing of components, the repair of machine parts and for cladding. Up to now, claddings have mainly been investigated in the flat welding position. Some investigations on deposition welding in vertical orientation are available with different processes. For the cladding of large components, welding in the vertical direction offers advantages. So far, there are no investigations on the LMD process with coaxial wire feeding when welding in vertical direction. Therefore, in this study, the influence of the welding direction, i.e., vertical down and vertical up weld seams, and the influence of the welding speed are investigated. Single weld seams, claddings and a wall are welded. A stable welding process could be achieved for a welding speed parameter window of 100 to 1000 mm/min. The results show that there is a statistical correlation between the welding direction and the waviness of the weld seams. Vertical up weld seams have a lower waviness. Another influence on the waviness is the welding speed. As the welding speed decreases, the waviness increases. The weld seam geometry is strongly dependent on the welding direction. With vertical down weld seams, the width and height of the weld seam vary depending on the distance welded. This can be attributed to the influence of the gravitational force. Vertical up weld seams, on the other hand, have a more uniform shape.
Noise and vibration characteristics of sub-fractional horsepower single-phase BLDC drives
Authors: Saed Nejat , Leitner Stefan , Krall Felix , Muetze Annette
Published: March 2022

Single-phase brushless DC (BLDC) drives are a cost-effective alternative for three-phase sub-fractional horsepower drives in automotive auxiliary applications. Inherent features of single-phase permanent magnet machines, such as high cogging torque and torque ripple, can, however, make them more audible than their three-phase counterparts. As some of these auxiliary drives are close to the passengers, where even a small amount of noise can be disturbing, the investigation into noise sources is essential to further address this challenge. In this paper, the dominant noise and vibration characteristics of single-phase BLDC machines are investigated for two different stator structures, i.e., salient-pole and claw-pole, and compared. Magnetic force density waves and finite element (FE) analyses are performed to analyze the electromagnetic forces resulting from the open-circuit condition as well as different switching strategies in the load condition. Structural analyses show that due to the mechanical structure’s lower stiffness and natural frequencies in the audible range, the example case machine with the claw-pole stator develops higher structure- and air-borne noise than the machine with the salient-pole stator.
Corneal hysteresis and intraocular pressure are altered in silicone-hydrogel soft contact lenses wearers
Authors: Marcellán María Concepción , Remón Laura , Ávila Francisco J.
Published: March 2022

Purpose

The aim of this work is to determinate the effects in the physical parameters in terms of intraocular pressure (IOP) and central corneal thickness (CCT) and corneal biomechanics in terms of corneal resistance factor (CRF) and corneal hysteresis (CH) of wearing silicone-hydrogel soft contact lenses (SiH-CLs) in young adult subjects during a short-term follow-up.

Methods

40 eyes of 20 healthy patients with a mean age of 22.87 ± 4.14 were involved in this study. Subjects with corneal diseases, dry eye, irregular astigmatism or who have been previous contact lens wearers were excluded. The ocular response analyzer (Reichert Ophthalmic Instruments) was used to measure CH, CRF and IOP and Scheimpflug imaging (the GALILEI™ Dual Scheimpflug camera analyzer, Ziemer) was used to measure CCT before and 10 days (Group 1) and 20 days (Group 2) after wearing the SiH-CLs.

Results

IOP was significantly decreased 10 days after using the SiH-CLs (p = 0.009). Within the 20 days' period, Group 2 revealed an even more pronounced decrease in IOP (p = 0.003) while CH increased significantly (p = 0.04). CCT and CRF did not show a significant change during the period of SiH-CLs use. Our finding allowed obtaining an empirical expression that relates IOP, CCT, CRF and CH within a biomechanical compensation experimental model.

Conclusions

Corneal biomechanical parameters and physical properties of the cornea may be altered due to SiH-CLs use. Our findings could have an impact on the management of glaucoma progression and ocular hypertension.
A comprehensive quantitative characterisation of the multiphase microstructure of a thick-section high strength steel
Authors: Bertolo Virgínia , Jiang Quanxin , Scholl Sebastian , Petrov Roumen H. , Hangen Ude , Walters Carey , Sietsma Jilt , Popovich Vera
Published: March 2022

The through-thickness heterogeneous microstructure of thick-section high strength steels is responsible for the significant scatter of properties along the thickness. In this study, in order to identify the critical microstructural features in the fracture behaviour and allow for design optimisation and prediction of structural failure, the through-thickness microstructure of thick-section steels was extensively characterised and quantified. For this purpose, samples were extracted from the top quarter and middle thickness positions, and a combination of techniques including chemical composition analysis, dilatometry, and microscopy was used. The hardness variation through the thickness was analysed via micro-Vickers measurements and the local hardness variation in the middle section was studied via nanoindentation. The middle section presented larger prior austenite grain (PAG) sizes and larger sizes and area fraction of inclusions than the top section. Additionally, cubic inclusions were observed distributed as clusters in the middle, sometimes decorating PAG boundaries. Defects associated with the cubic inclusions or the interface between the matrix and the circular and cubic inclusions were observed in the mid-thickness. Moreover, the middle section presented long interfaces with the most significant hardness gradients due to the presence of hard centreline segregation bands. Hence, the microstructural and nanoindentation analyses indicated the middle section as the most likely area to have the lowest fracture toughness and, therefore, the most unfavourable section for fracture performance of the investigated S690QL high strength steel. The detrimental effect of the middle section was confirmed via CTOD tests where the middle presents lower fracture toughness than the top section.
Distributional Solutions of Burgers’ type Equations for Intrinsic Graphs in Carnot Groups of Step 2
Authors: Antonelli Gioacchino , Di Donato Daniela , Don Sebastiano
Published: March 2022

We prove that in arbitrary Carnot groups $\mathbb {G}$
G
of step 2, with a splitting $\mathbb {G}=\mathbb {W}\cdot \mathbb {L}$
G
=
W
⋅
L
with $\mathbb {L}$
L
one-dimensional, the intrinsic graph of a continuous function $\varphi \colon U\subseteq \mathbb {W}\to \mathbb {L}$
φ
:
U
⊆
W
→
L
is $C^{1}_{\mathrm {H}}$

C

H

1

-regular precisely when φ satisfies, in the distributional sense, a Burgers’ type system Dφφ = ω, with a continuous ω. We stress that this equivalence does not hold already in the easiest step-3 Carnot group, namely the Engel group. We notice that our results generalize previous works by Ambrosio-Serra Cassano-Vittone and Bigolin-Serra Cassano in the setting of Heisenberg groups. As a tool for the proof we show that a continuous distributional solution φ to a Burgers’ type system Dφφ = ω, with ω continuous, is actually a broad solution to Dφφ = ω. As a by-product of independent interest we obtain that all the continuous distributional solutions to Dφφ = ω, with ω continuous, enjoy 1/2-little Hölder regularity along vertical directions.
How online discussion board activity affects stock trading: the case of GameStop
Authors: Betzer André , Harries Jan Philipp
Published: March 2022

In January 2021, the stock price of NASDAQ-listed GameStop Corporation surged more than twenty-fold for no discernible economic reason. Many observers attributed this broadly covered rise to retail investors, organizing themselves in Reddit’s WallStreetBets community. While Social Media-organized trading is not a new phenomenon, the magnitude of the resulting swings in the share price and surge in trading volume of GameStop is unprecedented. Using financial data, as well as an extensive dataset of Reddit posts, we provide empirical evidence for the relationship of Reddit posts and GameStop (retail) trading. While we find a significant and positive relationship between Reddit posts and various trading measures in the following 30-min window in accordance with an attention-based mechanism, our results offer no indication for the informativeness of Reddit posts and hint at a complex and probably nonlinear interdependence between Social-media and trading activity, preventing proof of a one-directional, causal effect.