bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Penambahan Serbuk Kayu Jati terhadap Campuran Aspal Porous
Authors: Salim  , Muhammad Iqbal  , Nur Cholifah
Published: July 2023

Jalan merupakan prasarana transportasi yang terpenting dalam menunjang kegiatan perekonomian setempat sehingga harus tahan dan awet terhadap kondisi perubahan cuaca. Salah satu jenis perkerasan jalan pada lapisan aus atau penutup adalah aspal porous. Aspal porous merupakan campuran beraspal panas dengan persentase agregat kasar yang besar, persentase agregat halus yang kecil, sehingga menyediakan rongga udara yang besar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan serbuk kayu jati terhadap campuran aspal porous. Dengan pemanfaatan serbuk kayu jati sebagai bahan tambah diharapkan dapat menghasilkan perpaduan yang baik antara agregat kasar, agregat halus dan aspal. Kadar aspal rencana yang digunakan yaitu 4,0%,4,5%, 5,0%, 5,5%, dan 6,0%. Pengujian awal untuk mendapatkan kadar aspal optimum (KAO) dan pengujian selanjutnya dengan alat Marshall Test, cantabro loss, binder drain down, permeabilitas.. KAO yang digunakan yaitu 5,25% dan kadar filler yaitu 0,2%, 0,4%, 0,6%, 0,8%, dan 1,0%. Dari hasil pengujian Marshall Test, penggunaan serbuk kayu jati terhadap campuran aspal porous memenuhi spesifikasi karakteristik campuran aspal porous. Pada variasi kadar serbuk 1% terjadi koefisien permeabilitas yang tinggi menunjukkan tingkat penyaluran air ke drainase melambat,karena serbuk meresap air tidak menyalurkan seluruhnya ke drainase.
Tinjauan Pemanfaatan Rest Area Pada Ruas Trans Sulawesi Selatan Kabupaten Barru
Authors: Salim Abd. Kadir , Massara Asma , Zaifuddin  , Mesario Nasalipuri , Rery Sahid Kamarudin
Published: July 2023

Keberadaan tempat istirahat atau dikenal dengan istilah rest area memberikan ruang bagi para pengguna jalan utamanya pengemudi untuk beristirahat sejenak di tengah perjalanan jauhnya dari tempat asal ke tempat tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah rest area pada ruas trans Sulawesi Selatan sudah memenuhi ketentuan PUPR dan untuk mengetahui tingkat kenyamanan pada rest area berdasarkan pendapat pengguna jasa. Metode penelitian adalah metode survei dengan data primer berupa data kendaraan yang masuk di rest area dan data pergerakan kendaraan melintas, sedangkan data sekunder berupa data lokasi penelitian. Perencanaan rest area di jalur lintas barat Trans Sulawesi Selatan berada pada wilayah utara Kabupaten Barru. Berdasarkan hasil survey langsung, wilayah utara kabupaten barru merupakan wilayah yang di pilih para pengendara untuk beristirahat, dalam hal ini lokasi pemberhentian tersebut dapat di simpulkan sebagai wilayah titik jenuh maupun titik lelah dalam berkendara. Jika dibandingkan dengan kriteria Dinas PUPR, lokasi Rest Area di SPBU Bojo Kabupaten Barru, telah memenuhi standar jarak antara Rest Area dan syarat luas area. Selain itu, dari 50 responden, untuk aspek prasarana sebesar 82% merasa nyaman, pada aspek Utilitas 90% menyatakan nyaman dan aspek pelayanan 95% menyatakan pelayanan cuku baik.
Studi Kebutuhan Air untuk Pembangunan Jaringan Irigasi Mare-mare Kabupaten Kepulauan Selayar
Authors: Krg. Tompobul Muh. Yunan , Ashad Hanafi
Published: July 2023

Di Kabupaten Kepulauan Selayar, terdapat 4 lokasi cetak sawah baru. Salah satu lokasi cetak sawah baru yang dilakukan Pemerintah Kabupaten Kepulauan Selayar yaitu di Desa Mare-mare yang memiliki luas fungsional 30,6 Ha, dan luas baku 933 Ha. Pemerintah daerah terus berupaya untuk menambah luasan sawah di Desa Mare-mare. Sumber air irigasi warga di Desa Mare-mare bersumber dari sumur dangkal, sungai, dan sumur bor melalui sistem pompanisasi yang dialirkan melalui jaringan perpipaan. Studi ini membahas apakah debit air pada sumur dangkal, sungai, dan sumur bor sudah mencukupi kebutuhan air pada daerah irigasi Mare-mare dan berapa kebutuhan air irigasi untuk daerah irigasi tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kebutuhan air irigasi dan efisiensi pengaliran. Efisiensi pengaliran dihitung berdasarkan kehilangan air pada saluran irigasi tersebut, apakah sudah memenuhi standar atau belum sesuai dengan kriteria efisiensi pengaliran pada saluran irigasi sehingga dapat diketahui perlunya pembangunan jaringan irigasi Mare-mare Kabupaten Kepulauan Selayar. Hasil perhitungan kebutuhan air total dengan menggunakan pola tanam Padi-Padi-Palawija tertinggi pada bulan januari sebesar 1,64 ltr/dtk/ha.
Studi Model Biaya Operasional Kendaraan Sepeda Motor di Kota Palopo
Authors: Fikri Muhammad , Said Lambang Basri , H St Maryam
Published: July 2023

Sepeda motor adalah kendaraan alternatif yang efisien. Dibutuhkan informasi besaran biaya operasional kendaraan sebagai referensi pemilihan jenis kendaraan. Faktor yang mempengaruhi BOK adalah depresiasi, pajak, BBM, penggantian oli mesin, service ringan, service berat, penggantian ban luar dan biaya tak terduga sebagai variabel bebas dimana Perjalanan (BOK) adalah variabel terikat. Penelitian ini membahas jenis kendaraan sepeda motor tipe 4Tak dan Matic. Data primer diambil dengan wawancara berbasis kuesioner dengan menghampiri responden pada tempat strategis seperti pelataran parkir kampus, tempat ibadah dan pusat perbelanjaan. Komparasi Regresi linear sederhana dan regresi linear berganda dengan SPSS20 dilakukan untuk melihat korelasi dan koefisien determinasi variabel bebas terhadap variabel tetap. Uji F untuk mengetahui pengaruh semua variabel independen secara bersama-sama terhadap variabel dependen dan Uji T untuk mengetahui signifikansi peran secara parsial antara variabel independen terhadap variabel dependen. Model BOK yang umum untuk semua jenis kendaraan dan tahun perakitan adalah Y=20.867+0.010X1–0.282x2+0.217x3–0.032x4+0.154x5–0.046x6. Besar BOK rata rata dalam 1 km dari jenis kendaraan 4 tak CC≤135, 4TakCC lebih besar dari 135, matic CC≤135, matic CC lebih besar dari 135 berturut-turut adalah Rp.733.53, Rp.876.26, Rp. 840.41 dan Rp.787.04.
Evaluasi Sistem Perencanaan Pengolahan Limbah Cair Domestik Pada Vidaview Apartemen Dengan Sistem Extended Aeration
Authors: Supardi Sudarman , Syafei Ilham , Hamsir
Published: July 2023

Pengolahan limbah cair domestik merupakan hal penting terkhusus dalam perkotaan. Salah satu teknologi pengelolahan limbah yaitu metode sistem Extended Aeration. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah evaluatif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif-deskriptif. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi berapa besar kapasitas air limbah per hari yang akan di olah pada Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah ( IPAL ) di Vidaview Apartemen Makassar dan mengetahui bagaimana proses pengolahan limbah cair domestik dengan sistem Extended Aeration. Dari hasil penelitian didapat besarnya kapasitas air limbah per hari yang akan di olah pada IPAL di Vidaview Apartemen Makassar adalah 812 m³/hari. Sedangkan kapasitas yang di dapatkan oleh konsultan perencana IPAL hanya sebesar 700 m³/hari. Terdapat selisih volume, sehingga ada beberapa bak penampungan yang mengalami perubahan volume yaitu bak aerasi, bak penjernihan dan bak klorinasi. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara kepada beberapa pihak terkait, proses pengolahan limbah cair domestic ada IPAL di Vidaview Apartemen Makassar sudah berjalan dengan baik dan sesuai dengan sistem yang diterapakan. Adapun kualitas limbah cair yang telah di olah sudah memenuhi ambang batas yang di ijinkan berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Nomor: P.68 Tahun 2016 Tentang Baku Mutu Air Limbah Domestik.
Tinjauan Waktu dan Biaya Pelaksanaan Pekerjaan Bor Pile Metode Critical Chain Project Management (Kasus: Jembatan Phinisi Center Point of Indonesia)
Authors: Idrus Yasnawi , Arifin Winarno , Maruddin Mukti , Ulfah Mariah , Mardiana Yana
Published: July 2023

Proyek pembangunan jembatan Phinisi Center Point of Indonesia terdiri dari beberapa macam pekerjaan sub structure seperti pekerjaan tanah, pekerjaan pondasi bored pile. Pada bulan Januari sampai Maret mengalami keterlambatan progress. Schedule atau penjadwalan adalah unsur yang paling penting dalam pelaksanaan proyek. Namun didalam pelaksanaan jadwal cenderung tidak terpakai secara efektif dilapangan. Kondisi yang demikian mengakibatkan pelaksanaan proyek tidak sesuai dengan time schedule proyek. Manajemen adalah kemampuan perusahaan atau instansi dalam merencanakan dan menyelesaikan suatu pekerjaan. Manajemen proyek adalah kemampuan perusahaan atau instansi dalam menyelesaikan suatu pekerjaan berdasarkan target jangka pendek yang sudah dirumuskan sebelumnya. Manajemen proyek juga ditetapkan mengikuti time schedule yang telah ditetapkan. Ilmu manajemen proyek sudah sepatutnya dipahami oleh pihak-pihak yang terlibat dalam penyelesaian suatu proyek utamanya para manajer karena itu setiap stakeholder harus menjalankan perannya masing-masing. Dengan menggunakan metode penjadwalan ini akan diperoleh feeding buffer dengan durasi 3 akan diperoleh project buffer dengan durasi 16 sehingga penjadwalan eksisting 120 hari kerja menjadi 104 hari dengan menggunakan critical chain project management (CCPM) diperoleh biaya pendanaan proyek sebesar Rp10.628.917.737 dimana mengalami penghematan sebesar Rp72,718,349.64 pada biaya tenaga kerja.
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Keluhan Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) pada Kurir di Kota Samarinda
Authors: Wahyuni Faridah , Sultan Muhammad , Baharuddin Irfansyah
Published: July 2023

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) adalah penyakit pada pergelangan tangan yang menimbulkan rasa sakit, kesemutan, dan mati rasa di tangan dan pergelangan tangan. Hal tersebut disebabkan oleh adanya penekanan atau terjepitnya saraf medianus yang melalui terowongan carpal pada pergelangan tangan sehingga terjadi peradangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari tahu hubungan antara faktor usia, masa kerja, durasi kerja, posisi tangan yang canggung, dan penggunaan APD sarung tangan dengan keluhan Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) pada kurir di Kota Samarinda. Jenis penelitian ini adalah cross sectional dengan jumlah populasi 800 dan sampel 86 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Lameshow 1997. Analisis uji bivariat pada penelitian ini menggunakan uji Spearman Rank dan Cramer’s V dengan tingkat kepercayaan (α= 0.05). Hasil peneltian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara usia (kurang dari 0.000), masa kerja (kuran dari 0.033), durasi kerja (kurang dari 0.001) dengan keluhan CTS pada kurir. Selanjutnya diketahui bahwa tingkat kekuatan hubungan kuat antara usia (r= 0,515), hubungan lemah antara masa kerja (r=0,230), hubungan cukup kuat antara durasi kerja (r=0,349) dengan keluhan CTS pada kurir. Hasil penelitian menggunakan uji Cramer’s V menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara posisi canggung tangan (sig=0,000), dan tidak ada hubungan antara penggunaan APD sarung tangan (sig=0,207) dengan keluhan CTS pada kurir. Maka dapat disimpulkan terdapat hubungan antara usia, masa kerja, durasi kerja posisi tangan yang canggung dengan keluhan CTS pada kurir di Kota Samarinda. Peneliti menyarankan melakukan Peregangan otot secara mandiri dangerakan area pergelangan tangan, istirahat yang cukup, megatur durasi kerja untukmengatasi dan mengurangi terjadinya CTS.
Development of a High Jump Apparatus in High School
Authors: Rhoni Adi Arthama Hutagalung  , Adi Hari , Dewi Rahma
Published: July 2023

The main objective of this research is to develop a high jump tool for senior high schools. This research was carried out at SMA Kristen Imenuel Medan Medan and will be held from August 6 to September 7 2022. The type of research used is Research and Development, with small group trial media experts reaching 88% in the valid category, media experts learning in small group trials reached 82% in the valid category, athletic experts in small group trials reached 87% in the valid category, and small group trials of 10 students reached 80% in the valid category, then large group trials of media experts reached 95%. In the valid category, the large group trial of learning media reached 90% in the valid category, the large group trial of athletic experts reached 95% in the valid category, and the large group trial of 30 SMA Kristen Immanuel Medan students reached 85% in the valid category. On the basis of the data obtained, the development of a high jump tool is declared valid or suitable for use as a medium for high jump learning in senior high schools.
Optimization of the Web based Learning Management System (LMS) Application for PJOK Learning at SMA/SMK Equivalent Level in North Sumatra
Authors: Andriani Rini , Bayu Hardiyono  , Supriadi Amir , Tantri Afri , Siregar Abdul hakim
Published: July 2023

This study aims to develop a website-based E-learning management system (LMS) application product that can become a PJOK learning medium byLearning Management System (LMS) in which all learning is focused on one medium, as well as an information medium for available Physical Education, Sports and Health (PJOK) class packages so that they can be read in detail and completely. This study involved 62 physical education sports and health teacher subjects (PJOK) and 50 student subjects. The research was conducted in two stages. The first stage of the small-scale trial consisted of 5 students from SMK Negeri 10 Medan. The second stage of the large-scale trial consisted of 3 state schools namely SMA Negeri 1 Binjai, SMK Negeri 2 Medan and SMK Negeri 10 Medan where each school consisted of 1 student as a representative. This type of research uses the type of development research (research and development) by involving media/IT experts. Material experts, expert practitioners of learning, namely practitioners who use teachers and students. Based on the results of the trial by media/IT experts, the application rating was obtained with a score of 4.54 in the Very Good category and declared "decent". Meanwhile, for the test subjects, student users received an assessment of having a total average score of 4.6 out of 5.0 which, when converted for the feasibility of this product, was in the "very good" category and declared "decent". The test subjects using PJOK teacher practitioners received an assessment of 4.75 out of 5.0 in the Very Good category and "deserved" to be tested on learning practitioners and users. Based on the data above, the website-based e-learning management system (LMS) application product is feasible. used to streamline and streamline the teaching and learning process to be better and more innovative.
Different Effects of Bench Dip and Wheelbarrow Training on Swimming Speed in 25 Meters Freestyle KU IV Gading Swimming Club in 2022
Authors: Mahmuddin  , Lutfia Novtriana Pasaribu
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the significant effect of the bench dip exercise on the swimming speed of the 25 meter freestyle KU IV Gading Swimming Club in 2022, to determine the significant effect of the Wheelbarrow exercise on the swimming speed of the 25 meter freestyle KU IV Gading Swimming Club in 2022 , and to find out how much difference the bench dip and wheelbarrow exercises have to the swimming speed of the 25 meter freestyle at KU IV Gading Swimming Club in 2022. The research was conducted at the swimming club Gading Swimming Club. In the swimming pool of Villa Gading Mas, the Villa Gading Mas complex, Jl Bajak II, Harjosari II Village, Medan Amplas District. This research will be carried out for 6 weeks and will take place from 09 January 2023 to 17 February 2023. The number of samples in this study amounted to 10 people. This research is a type of experimental research. Research instrument to collect data with a 25 meter swimming speed test. The conclusion of the results of the first hypothesis analysis from the pre-test data and post-test data is that there is a significant effect of Bench Dip training on the 25-meter freestyle swimming speed of KU IV Gading Swimming Club athletes in 2022. In the results of the second hypothesis analysis there is a significant effect on Wheelbarrow exercise on the 25-meter freestyle swimming speed of KU IV Gading Swimming Club athletes in 2022. Furthermore, the results of the third hypothesis analysis show that the Bench Dip exercise has no significantly greater effect than the Wheelbarrow exercise on increasing the 25-meter freestyle swimming speed of KU IV Gading Swimming athletes. Clubs of the Year 2022.
Akidah Based Teaching Methods (Analytical, Creative, Innovative, Demonstrative, Active, Humanist) In Elementary Schools: A Literature Review
Authors: Pungki Indarto  , Jariono Gatot , Rahma Tulloh  , Haris Nugroho  , Andi Ihsan  , Uzizatun Maslikah
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study is to find out the initial reference and see other research perspectives as a basis for developing appropriate teaching methods in physical education.  This research method uses a literature review using the google scholar search database, eric journal, and Springer. id with keywords analysis methods, creative, innovative, demonstrative, active, humanist in physical education.  The articles analyzed are published from 2016 to 2021 using the following specific criteria: indexed by Scopus Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4. Then national articles indexed sinta 1, sinta 2, sinta 3, and sinta 4. The descriptive method with population, sample, and subject is learners of primary school level. The results of this study can be concluded that the teaching method of AKIDAH-based physical education (Analysis, Creative, Innovative, Demonstrative, Active, and Humanist) is a way of teaching with an approach that is relevant to the development of the times. Choosing a learning method must pay attention to the development and growth of learners, and pay attention to humanist principles with indicators of concern. Analysis of teaching needs requires accuracy, accuracy, suitability (analysis), teaching attracts students (creativity), requires breakthroughs / new things because of the development of science and technology/era (innovative), teachers must be able to become models (demonstrative), how students become (active) in teaching and learning activities of physical education, teaching must humanize humans (humanist) pay attention to the growth and development of students.
Development of a Swimming Learning Model With a Play Approach to Elementary School Students
Authors: Nurdiansyah  , Arifin Ramadhan , Hakim Siregar Abdul , Hasyim  , Ramadhani
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study was to develop learning freestyle swimming for elementary school students, as well as to find out the effectiveness of the model that had been developed. The method in this study was to develop a freestyle swimming learning model for elementary school students using the Research & Development model approach from Brog and Gall. The aim of this research is to develop a swimming learning model for students at State Elementary School 1 Lokatabat Utara, State Elementary School Guntung Manggis, State Elementary School Landasan Ulin Utara. The small group trial consisted of 20 people while the large group trial consisted of 110 people. Data collection in this study was to review various literature or literature studies related to the model concepts that would be developed according to the product to be made and referred to needs analysis, expert review and field trials. To calculate the effectiveness test using (t-test) with an analysis of the difference between the two means for dependent samples. The results of the study of the freestyle swimming learning model for elementary school students are in accordance with the characteristics of the students and are effective for improving freestyle swimming learning.
Pengaruh Pelatihan Model POT EMAS terhadap Kemampuan Keluarga Merawat Lansia dengan Diabetes Melitus
Authors: Tien Hartini  , Yeti Resnayati  , Agus Sri Sukoco  , Supriadi  , Raden Siti Maryam
Published: July 2023

In general, many elderly people complain of various kinds of symptoms that are felt due to a decrease in body condition. Apart from being affected by the decline in the elderly, it is also influenced by a lack of knowledge, attitudes, and family behavior in caring for the elderly. This study aims to obtain an overview of the effect of the Energetic, Helpful, Active and Patient Parent Assistance Model, abbreviated as "POT GOLD", on increasing the ability of families to care for the elderly with Diabetes Mellitus. Quasi-experimental research was used with a pretest-posttest design without a control approach. Respondents were elderly people with families in the work area of the Pulo Gebang Village Health Center, Cakung District, totaling 30 respondents obtained by purposive sampling technique. Data analysis used a paired t-test and showed that there was a significant difference between before and after the POT EMAS model training (pvalue 0.001). This shows that training on the POT EMAS model has a significant effect on increasing knowledge, attitudes and behavior of families in caring for the elderly with Diabetes Mellitus, as well as being able to monitor the stability of blood sugar levels in the elderly. Thus the results of this study can be used as a form of elderly health services in the family to carry out various interventions related to family and community empowerment. Qualitative research on family experiences with this model can be carried out.
Gambaran Paparan Pornografi Pada Mahasiswa di Kota Pontianak
Authors: Fujiana Fitri , Triyana Harlia Putri  , Tamara Septia Chairunisa  , Ridha Sri Rezeki  , Dialika Putri Miftazah
Published: July 2023

Terpapar konten pornografi pada usia dewasa muda bukan hal yang tabu, begitu pula pada mahasiswa. Hal tersebut memiliki dampak yang cukup serius jika tidak segera ditangani karena mampu menurunkan kualitas sumber daya manusia masyarakat Indonesia yang berujung pada terhambatnya Indonesia dalam mencapai bonus demografi tahun 2045. Hal ini dikarenakan terpapar konten pornografi akan meningkatkan kejadian perilaku seksual berisiko. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan gambaran paparan pornografi pada mahasiswa di kota Pontianak. Penelitian ini mengaplikasikan desain kuantitatif deskriptif yang melibatkan sebanyak 375 mahasiswa di kota Pontianak yang diambil secara snowball dan convenience melalui purposive sampling. Responden kemudian melakukan pengisian kuesioner yang dikembangkan sendiri oleh peneliti melalui google form. Penelitian memperlihatkan sebanyak 88.5% responden (332 responden) mengaku pernah terpapar konten pornografi dari berbagai sumber. Diketahui media sosial seperti facebook, twitter, instagram, dan tiktok menjadi sumber paparan pornografi utama dengan persentase senilai 37.9% (142 responden). Keterpaparan mahasiswa kota Pontianak dengan konten pornografi memiliki angka yang cukup besar yakni 88.5% dengan sumber situs utama dari media sosial. Usia yang mendominasi terpaparnya pornografi berada pada usia milenial yang mayoritas berusia 22 tahun (88 responden). Media sosial yang mengandung pornografi dapat memberikan dampak yang kurang baik pada mahasiswa sehingga perlu menguatkan kegiatan-kegiatan promosi dalam rangka bijak menggunakan media sosial.
Основні теоретичні і практичні аспекти ведення проксі-війн та гібридних воєн у сучасній світовій геополітичній та безпековій обстановці: історія, теорія, практика, форми та способи, досвід для України
Authors: Semenenko Oleh , Vodchyts Oleksandr , Tolok Polina , Mytchenko Serhii , Hetman Alevtyna , Tarasov Oleh
Published: July 2023

Мета роботи: полягає у визначенні поглядів щодо формування основних теоретичних та практичних аспектів ведення проксі-війн та гібридних війн у сучасній світовій геополітичній та безпековій обстановці.

Метод дослідження: основними методами досліджень є методи: аналізу; синтезу; порівняння; формалізації та оцінювання матеріалу; абстрагування та кон’юнктурного аналізу (мислення).

Результати дослідження: є: аналіз основних теоретичних особливостей підготовки та ведення проксі-війн і гібридних війн; історичний аналіз формування існуючих підходів до визначення понять проксі-війн і гібридних війн; порівняльний аналіз особливостей підготовки та ведення проксі-війн і гібридних війн із визначенням їх відмінностей та схожості підходів; визначення основних етапів підготовки до розв’язання та ведення проксі-війн і гібридних війн, а також формування поглядів щодо основних етапів післявоєнного періоду; визначення інструментарію, можливих форм та способів проксі-війн і гібридних війн; формування можливих перспектив їх заміни у майбутньому.

Теоретична цінність дослідження: полягає у визначенні концептуальних та теоретико-методологічних основ дослідження щодо розвитку понять та процесів проксі-війн і гібридних війн у сучасному світовому безпековому середовищі.

Тип статті: теоретичний, описовий, практичний, методичний.
Perfil epidemiológico da mortalidade infantil no Estado do Pará em 2019
Authors: Quaresma Raina Caroline Batista , Rodrigues Kassio André , Barbosa Davi Gabriel , Souza Vilma Francisca Hutim Gondim de
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: o trabalho apresentado obejtiva descrever o perfil epidemiológico dos casos de morte infantil até 1 ano de idade no Estado do Pará em 2019. Método: Para esse fim, foi realizado estudo descritivo com dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) referentes ao ano de 2019; a busca inicial foi realizada sob o tópico “Estatísticas vitais” e subtópico “Mortalidade - desde 1996 pela CID-10” com delimitação das notificações referentes a mortalidade infantil no Estado do Pará. A coleta de dados foi, em seguida, realizada por meio de cruzamentos "linha/coluna", utilizando-se os campos para se fazer verificação dos dados "Lista Mort CID-10", “Sexo”, “Cor/raça”, “Idade mãe”, “Escolaridade mãe”, “Duração gestação”, “Tipo gravidez, “Tipo parto”, “Peso ao nascer”, “Faixa etária 1”. Resultados: Foi verificado um total de 2.094 óbitos de crianças menores de 1 ano no Estado do Paráem2019, resultando emuma taxa de mortalidade infantil de 15,13. Assim, observou-se que as taxas do período de 2019 estão acima das taxas nacionais (12,38) e taxa da Região Norte (15,12). Alémdisso, os dados encontrados no DATASUS apontam como fator de risco para mortalidade infantil: sexo masculino, criança indígena, mãe adolescente, mãe com baixa escolaridade, parto prematuro, baixo peso ao nascer e gravidez gemelar. Conclusão: Como desfecho, verificou-se que o estado do Pará apresenta índices superiores aos índices brasileiros de mortalidade infantil, o que reafirma a necessidade de políticas públicas direcionadas à população materno-infantil.
Bra Usage Duration and Breast Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Pramardika Dhito Dwi , Kasaluhe Meityn Disye , Barokah Siti
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Breast cancer is a disease feared by most women, with 2.3 million women worldwide being diagnosed with this disease. In 2024, Indonesia will relocate its capital to East Kalimantan Province, which currently has the second-highest (1%) prevalence of breast cancer cases in Indonesia. Objective: Given the increasing prevalence of breast cancer, it is worthwhile to scientifically examine the relationship between the duration of bra usage, age at first bra usage, bra size suitability, and types of bras used in relation to the occurrence of breast cancer. Method: The study design used was a case-control study with a 1:1 ratio of 48 respondents (24 cases and 24 controls) selected through purposive sampling. The analysis employed chi-square and odds ratio tests. Results: The study revealed that the average age of the respondents was 45.25 years. Furthermore, the variables of bra usage duration (OR=2.333), age at first bra usage, bra size suitability, and bra type (OR=0.639) showed no association with the occurrence of breast cancer (α>0.05). Conclusion: This research concludes that there is no association between bra usage and the occurrence of breast cancer in women in East Kalimantan Province. Recommendation: It is suggested to reduce the duration of bra usage to less than 24 hours to minimize the risk factors for breast cancer.
Babesia microti alleviates disease manifestations caused by Plasmodium berghei ANKA in murine co-infection model of complicated malaria
Authors: Zafar Iqra , Taniguchi Tomoyo , Baghdadi Hanadi B. , Kondoh Daisuke , Rizk Mohamed Abdo , Galon Eloiza May , Ji Shengwei , El-Sayed Shimaa Abd El-Salam , Do Thom , Li Hang , Amer Moaz M. , Zhuowei Ma , Yihong Ma , Zhou Jinlin , Inoue Noboru , Xuan Xuenan
Published: July 2023

Malaria remains one of the most significant health issues worldwide, accounting for 2.6% of the total global disease burden, and efforts to eliminate this threat continue. The key focus is to develop an efficient and long-term immunity to this disease via vaccination or therapeutic approach, and innovative strategies would enable us to achieve this target. Previously, using a mouse co-infection disease model, cross-protection was illustrated between Babesia microti and Plasmodium chabaudi. Hence, this study was planned to elucidate the impact of acute B. microti Peabody mjr and Plasmodium berghei ANKA co-infection on the consequence of complicated malaria in the C57BL/6J mouse model of malaria. Furthermore, immune response and pathological features were analyzed, and the course of the disease was compared among experimental groups. Our study established that acute B. microti infection activated immunity which was otherwise suppressed by P. berghei. The immunosuppressive tissue microenvironment was counteracted as evidenced by the enhanced immune cell population in co-infected mice, in contrast to P. berghei-infected control mice. Parasite sequestration in the brain, liver, lung, and spleen of co-infected mice was significantly decreased and tissue injury was ameliorated. Meanwhile, the serum levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-12p70 were reduced while the secretion of IL-10 was promoted in co-infected mice. Eventually, co-infected mice showed an extended rate of survival. Hereby, the principal cytokines associated with the severity of malaria by P. berghei infection were TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-12p70. Moreover, it was evident from our flow cytometry results that innate immunity is crucial and macrophages are at the frontline of immunity against P. berghei infection. Our study recommended further investigations to shed light on the effects of babesiosis in suppressing malaria with the goal of developing Babesia-based therapy against malaria.
Improvement of hypertension control and left-ventricular function after cure of primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Karwacka Izabela , Kmieć Piotr , Kaniuka-Jakubowska Sonia , Pisowodzka Izabela , Fijałkowski Marcin , Sworczak Krzysztof
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Cardiovascular mortality is significantly higher in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) compared to the general population. The role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) as a mediator of cardiovascular pathology in PHPT is unclear, as is the question whether successful parathyroidectomy (PTX) mitigates hypertension (HT), and left-ventricular (LV) dysfunction.

Methods

In 45 consecutive, hypercalcemic PHPT patients (91% female, 20 normotensive, mean age 54.6 ± 14.6), laboratory examinations, and 24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) were performed before, one and six months after successful PTX, while transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) pre- and six months post-PTX.

Results

Both in patients with normotension (NT) and HT, lower calcemia and parathyroid hormone (PTH) as well as higher phosphatemia were observed on follow-up, while B-type natriuretic peptide, aldosterone, plasma renin activity, and aldosterone-to-renin ratios were comparable. Six months post-PTX, only in patients with HT, median 24-hour SBP/DBP decreased by 12/6 mmHg, daytime SBP by 10, and nighttime DBP by 5 mmHg. Improvement in BP was observed in approximately 78% of patients with HT. Six months post-PTX, TTE revealed: 1) decrease in median LV mass index (by 2 g/m2) and end-diastolic dimension (by 3 mm) among patients with HT; 2) normalization of global longitudinal strain in 22% of patients (comparable between those with NT and HT); 3) a mean 12.7% reduction in left-atrium volume index among patients with HT, which underlay normalization of indeterminate diastolic function in 3 out of 6 patients with HT, who exhibited it at baseline (dysfunction persisted in 2).

Conclusions

PTX was shown to significantly reduce BP, LV hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction parameters in PHPT patients with HT, and improve systolic function in all PHPT patients.
Metabolism of parathyroid organoids
Authors: Sekhar Konjeti R. , Codreanu Simona G. , Williams Olivia C. , Rathmell Jeffrey C. , Rathmell W. Kimryn , McLean John A. , Sherrod Stacy D. , Baregamian Naira
Published: July 2023

Introduction

We successfully developed a broad spectrum of patient-derived endocrine organoids (PDO) from benign and malignant neoplasms of thyroid, parathyroid, and adrenal glands. In this study, we employed functionally intact parathyroid PDOs from benign parathyroid tissues to study primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), a common endocrine metabolic disease. As proof of concept, we examined the utility of parathyroid PDOs for bioenergetic and metabolic screening and assessed whether parathyroid PDO metabolism recapitulated matched PHPT tissues.

Methods

Our study methods included a fine-needle aspiration (FNA)-based technique to establish parathyroid PDOs from human PHPT tissues (n=6) in semi-solid culture conditions for organoid formation, growth, and proliferation. Mass spectrometry metabolomic analysis of PHPT tissues and patient-matched PDOs, and live cell bioenergetic profiling of parathyroid PDOs with extracellular flux analyses, were performed. Functional analysis cryopreserved and re-cultured parathyroid PDOs for parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion was performed using ELISA hormone assays.

Results and discussion

Our findings support both the feasibility of parathyroid PDOs for metabolic and bioenergetic profiling and reinforce metabolic recapitulation of PHPT tissues by patient-matched parathyroid PDOs. Cryopreserved parathyroid PDOs exhibited preserved, rapid, and sustained secretory function after thawing. In conclusion, successful utilization of parathyroid PDOs for metabolic profiling further affirms the feasibility of promising endocrine organoid platforms for future metabolic studies and broader multiplatform and translational applications for therapeutic advancements of parathyroid and other endocrine applications.
Mobility data shows effectiveness of control strategies for COVID-19 in remote, sparse and diffuse populations
Authors: Berman Yuval , Algar Shannon D. , Walker David M. , Small Michael
Published: July 2023

Data that is collected at the individual-level from mobile phones is typically aggregated to the population-level for privacy reasons. If we are interested in answering questions regarding the mean, or working with groups appropriately modeled by a continuum, then this data is immediately informative. However, coupling such data regarding a population to a model that requires information at the individual-level raises a number of complexities. This is the case if we aim to characterize human mobility and simulate the spatial and geographical spread of a disease by dealing in discrete, absolute numbers. In this work, we highlight the hurdles faced and outline how they can be overcome to effectively leverage the specific dataset: Google COVID-19 Aggregated Mobility Research Dataset (GAMRD). Using a case study of Western Australia, which has many sparsely populated regions with incomplete data, we firstly demonstrate how to overcome these challenges to approximate absolute flow of people around a transport network from the aggregated data. Overlaying this evolving mobility network with a compartmental model for disease that incorporated vaccination status we run simulations and draw meaningful conclusions about the spread of COVID-19 throughout the state without de-anonymizing the data. We can see that towns in the Pilbara region are highly vulnerable to an outbreak originating in Perth. Further, we show that regional restrictions on travel are not enough to stop the spread of the virus from reaching regional Western Australia. The methods explained in this paper can be therefore used to analyze disease outbreaks in similarly sparse populations. We demonstrate that using this data appropriately can be used to inform public health policies and have an impact in pandemic responses.
Influence of technical and maternal-infant factors on the measurement and expression of extracellular miRNA in human milk
Authors: Holzhausen Elizabeth A. , Kupsco Allison , Chalifour Bridget N. , Patterson William B. , Schmidt Kelsey A. , Mokhtari Pari , Baccarelli Andrea A. , Goran Michael I. , Alderete Tanya L.
Published: July 2023

Breast milk contains thousands of bioactive compounds including extracellular vesicle microRNAs (EV-miRNAs), which may regulate pathways such as infant immune system development and metabolism. We examined the associations between the expression of EV-miRNAs and laboratory variables (i.e., batch effects, sample characteristics), sequencing quality indicators, and maternal-infant characteristics. The study included 109 Latino mother-infant dyads from the Southern California Mother’s Milk Study. Mothers were age 28.0 ± 5.6 and 23-46 days postpartum. We used principal components analysis to evaluate whether EV-miRNA expression was associated with factors of interest. Then, we used linear models to estimate relationships between these factors and specific EV-miRNA counts and analyzed functional pathways associated with those EV-miRNAs. Finally, we explored which maternal-infant characteristics predicted sequencing quality indicators. Sequencing quality indicators, predominant breastfeeding, and breastfeedings/day were associated with EV-miRNA principal components. Maternal body mass index and breast milk collection timing predicted proportion of unmapped reads. Expression of 2 EV-miRNAs were associated with days postpartum, 23 EV-miRNAs were associated with breast milk collection time, 23 EV-miRNAs were associated with predominant breastfeeding, and 38 EV-miRNAs were associated with breastfeedings/day. These EV-miRNAs were associated with pathways including Hippo signaling pathway and ECM-receptor interaction, among others. This study identifies several important factors that may contribute to breast milk EV-miRNA expression. Future studies should consider these findings in the design and analysis of breast milk miRNA research.
Glucocorticoid dysfunction in children with severe malaria
Authors: Vandermosten Leen , Prenen Fran , Fogang Balotin , Dagneau de Richecour Pauline , Knoops Sofie , Donkeu Christiane Josiane , Nguefack Cathy Doric Piemba , Taguebue Jean-Voisin , Ndombo Paul Koki , Ghesquière Bart , Ayong Lawrence , Van den Steen Philippe E.
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Malaria remains a widespread health problem with a huge burden. Severe or complicated malaria is highly lethal and encompasses a variety of pathological processes, including immune activation, inflammation, and dysmetabolism. Previously, we showed that adrenal hormones, in particular glucocorticoids (GCs), play critical roles to maintain disease tolerance during Plasmodium infection in mice. Here, GC responses were studied in Cameroon in children with uncomplicated malaria (UM), severe malaria (SM) and asymptomatic controls (AC).

Methods

To determine the sensitivity of leukocytes to GC signaling on a transcriptional level, we measured the ex vivo induction of glucocorticoid induced leucine zipper (GILZ) and FK506-binding protein 5 (FKBP5) by GCs in human and murine leukocytes. Targeted tracer metabolomics on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was performed to detect metabolic changes induced by GCs.

Results

Total cortisol levels increased in patients with clinical malaria compared to AC and were higher in the SM versus UM group, while cortisol binding globulin levels were unchanged and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels were heterogeneous. Induction of both GILZ and FKBP5 by GCs was significantly reduced in patients with clinical malaria compared to AC and in malaria-infected mice compared to uninfected controls. Increased activity in the pentose phosphate pathway was found in the patients, but this was not affected by ex vivo stimulation with physiological levels of hydrocortisone. Interestingly, hydrocortisone induced increased levels of cAMP in AC, but not in clinical malaria patients.

Discussion

Altogether, this study shows that patients with SM have increased cortisol levels, but also a decreased sensitivity to GCs, which may clearly contribute to the severity of disease.
The prevalence of IgG antibodies against milk and milk antigens in patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Chunder Rittika , Heider Thorsten , Kuerten Stefanie
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). The pathophysiology of MS is complex and is said to be influenced by multiple environmental determinants, including diet. We and others have previously demonstrated how consumption of bovine milk can aggravate disease severity in MS patients, which can be explained by molecular mimicry between milk antigens and those expressed within the CNS. In this study we set out to identify alternatives to drinking cow milk which might be less detrimental to MS patients who have a genetic predisposition towards developing antibody titers against bovine milk antigens that cross-react with CNS antigens.

Methods

To this end, we screened 35 patients with MS and 20 healthy controls for their IgG reactivity against an array of animal-sourced milk, plant-based alternatives as well as individual antigens from bovine milk.

Results

We demonstrate that MS patients have a significantly higher IgG response to animal-sourced milk, especially cow milk, in comparison to healthy donors. We also show that the reactivity to cow milk in MS patients can be attributed to reactivity against different bovine milk antigens. Finally, our correlation data indicate the co-existence of antibodies to individual bovine milk antigens and their corresponding cross-reactive CNS antigens.

Discussion

Taken together, we suggest screening of blood from MS patients for antibodies against different types of milk and milk antigens in order to establish a personalized diet regimen.
Integrated bioinformatic analysis and experimental validation for exploring the key molecular of brain inflammaging
Authors: Du Zhixin , Wang Yaohui , Yang Liping , Zhang Tong , Jiang Yu , Zhang Zhenqiang
Published: July 2023

Aims

Integrating bioinformatics and experimental validation to explore the mechanisms of inflammaging in the Brain.

Method

After dividing the GSE11882 dataset into aged and young groups, we identified co-expressed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in different brain regions. Enrichment analysis revealed that the co-expressed DEGs were mainly associated with inflammatory responses. Subsequently, we identified 12 DEGs that were related to the inflammatory response and used the DGIdb website for drug prediction. By using both the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and random forest (RF), four biomarkers were screened and an artificial neural network (ANN) was developed for diagnosis. Subsequently, the biomarkers were validated through animal studies. Then we utilized AgeAnno to investigate the roles of biomarkers at the single cell level. Next, a consensus clustering approach was used to classify the aging samples and perform differential analysis to identify inflammatory response-related genes. After conducting a weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), we identified the genes that are correlated with both four brain regions and aging. Wayne diagrams were used to identify seven inflammaging-related genes in different brain regions. Finally, we performed immuno-infiltration analysis and identified macrophage module genes.

Key findings

Inflammaging may be a major mechanism of brain aging, and the regulation of macrophages by CX3CL1 may play a role in the development of inflammaging.

Significance

In summary, targeting CX3CL1 can potentially delay inflammaging and immunosenescence in the brain.
The effect of pore characteristics on the bonding properties of steam-cured concrete and GFRP bars
Authors: Zhang Kai , Yang Wenrui , Tang Zhiyi , Wu Weiwei , Quan Weijie , Wang Shiyu
Published: July 2023

Steam cured concrete prefabricated components has the advantages of short construction period, less environmental pollution, convenient construction and low cost, and is widely used in high-speed railway projects. However, the changes of later strength, capillary water absorption and pore distribution led to the reduction of durability of steam-curing concrete and accelerated the damage speed of GFRP bars and bond performance between concrete and GFRP bars. In this study, the method of steam curing is adopted to simulate the damage of components caused by actual steam curing environment. The influence of pore characteristics on the bonding properties of steam cured concrete and GFRP steel bar is analyzed from both micro and macro perspectives. Analysis method combining pore characteristics with bonding strength. The test results showed that the hydration products of concrete were unaffected, but the density of the hydration products changed due to the steam curing. The porosity of the steam-cured concrete was much higher than that of the standard-cured concrete. The number of gel pores smaller than 20 nm accounted for 12.27% of the total number of pores on average, which was about twice the proportion of the gel pores of this size in the standard-cured concrete. The proportion of harmful voids with pore size of 50–200 nm and greater than 200 nm is higher than that of standard curing concrete. The bond strength of the steam-cured concrete and GFRP bars was 30% lower than that of the standard-cured concrete. With the change of the thickness of the concrete cover and the diameter of GFRP bars, the bond strength changed significantly. Based on the analysis of the test data, a predictive model of the bond strength deterioration for the steam-cured concrete and GFRP bars was established. The model fully accounted for influence factors such as the porosity, diameter, anchor length, and concrete strength.
Role of aspirin, beta-blocker, statins, and heparin therapy in septic patients under mechanical ventilation: a narrative review
Authors: Al-Husinat Lou'i , Abu Hmaid Amer , Abbas Hadeel , Abuelsamen Batool , Albelbisi Mutaz , Haddad Said , Qamileh Ibrahim , Quneis Ossaid , Al Modanat Zaid Jehad , Ferrara Giuseppe , Dias Fernando Suparregui , Cinnella Gilda
Published: July 2023

Sepsis is the main cause of death among patients admitted to intensive care units. Management of sepsis includes fluid resuscitation, vasopressors, intravenous antimicrobials, source control, mechanical ventilation, and others. New insights into the potential benefits of non-antimicrobial drugs in sepsis have evolved based on the pathophysiology of the disease and the mechanism of action of some drugs, but the findings are still controversial. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of beta-blockers, aspirin, statins, and heparin as adjunctive treatments in septic patients under mechanical ventilation with non-cardiovascular diseases and their effect on mortality. We searched PubMed with relevant keywords (beta-blockers, aspirin, statins, or heparin, and critically ill or sepsis) for the last 10 years and some personal collection of relevant articles, and then we assessed studies according to prespecified inclusion and exclusion criteria. Our results show that beta-blockers, aspirin, and heparin may have promising feedback on reducing mortality. However, new well-controlled, randomized, multicenter studies are needed to confirm that, and multiple issues regarding their usage need to be addressed. On the other hand, the feedback regarding the effectiveness of statins was not as strong as that of the other drugs studied, and we suggest that further research is needed to confirm these results.