bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Socio-Economic India on Challenges and Opportunities for Better Governance
Authors: Nguyen Tuoi Thi
Published: December 2024

The chapter provides a comprehensive analysis of various aspects related to India's digital challenges, foreign direct investment (FDI), and the role of e-governance in promoting economic recovery and inclusive growth. It highlights India's strength in attracting FDI, with record inflows even during the COVID-19 pandemic. In essence, it explores the effects of COVID-19 on India's goal of achieving a $5 trillion economy and the need for increased foreign investment to achieve this target. It also discusses rival jurisdictions' strategies to attract investment and emphasizes the need for policy reforms to make India more competitive. The chapter delves into the digitalization of public governance in India and its impact on economic progress and citizen empowerment. Within this context, it discusses the various initiatives and challenges of e-government in India, including the importance of transparency and accountability in CSR initiatives.
Navigating Halal Certification
Authors: Zakaria Zalina
Published: December 2024

Southeast Asia, with 10 countries, offers unique approach towards governing its halal certification. This chapter provides an overview of some selected ASEAN countries in terms of their experience in halal certifications. The four countries are Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore and Brunei. These nations have played significant roles within the ASEAN halal certification network. Despite variations in their governance structures, each country has demonstrated remarkable dedication to managing halal certification within its jurisdiction, thereby establishing themselves as prominent figures in ASEAN's halal certification landscape. Each nation has its own body, while efforts towards regional harmonisation through Meeting of the Ministers of Religion of Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore (also known as MABIMS) are ongoing. Despite complexities, navigating this landscape unlocks access to a vast Muslim consumer base as well as more economic opportunities.
Algorithmic Choreography
Authors: Furiasse Amanda
Published: December 2024

This chapter seeks to explore the symbiotic relationship between dance as a medium of human expression and generative AI as a tool for creative exploration. More specifically, the focus here is on the capacity of dance to inform the development of generative AI systems and, conversely, generative AI's potential to redefine the embodied boundaries of dance. By focusing on dance's interrelationship to generative AI, this chapter aims to elucidate the transformative potential inherent in this kinetic fusion and propose a critical methodology for assessing the impacts of this fusion for the cultural and communicative practices of contemporary society.
Human–AI Interaction in the Production of Cultural Symbols
Authors: Oztunc Muge , Budak Volkan
Published: December 2024

This chapter explores how artificial intelligence can contribute to the production of visual cultural values and how we can collaborate with AI more effectively and creatively by adapting rug motifs that have existed since the early second millennium BC. The reproduction of these rug symbols with contemporary values acts, in a sense, as a revival of the Anatolian rug language. Generative AI tools have the potential to revolutionize representation and visualization through their ability to interpret and generate visual content. Rug motifs are powerful symbols of female identity, productivity, and creativity, especially in cultures where rug weaving is traditionally a female-dominated craft. By addressing issues of gender inequality and adapting these cultural symbols to the present through AI collaboration, this study seeks to rediscover and recontextualize women's creative spirit within the framework of the modern world. Additionally, it aims to explore AI's contributions and limitations in creating cultural visuals through human–AI interaction.
Non-Believable Agents
Authors: Sel Fatih
Published: December 2024

This chapter examines the relationship between “simple” game AI and creative expression in game design. In the first part, it briefly outlines game AI and the concept of the believable agent in AI programming, emphasizing the contextual complexity of game AI. Then, departing from the key concepts of randomness and emergence, it argues that AI can be viewed as part of video games' evolution toward a greater capacity to incorporate player agency. The second part offers an analysis of the independent game Ape Out. After profiling the game, the behavior of non-player characters (NPCs) and procedural content generation are analyzed individually. Finally, the chapter presents an interpretation of the game through three distinct player attitudes, highlighting the dynamic interactions between the game's AI systems and other components in the process of complex meaning-making.
Intellectual Property in the Age of Machine Creativity
Authors: Oğul Sertaç
Published: December 2024

This chapter explores the intersection of intellectual property (IP) law and generative artificial intelligence (AI), focusing on the complex challenges and emerging issues presented by these technologies. It provides a structured taxonomy of IP concerns related to AI, including authorship and ownership, copyright infringement, fair use. By analyzing the legal and ethical implications of these challenges, the chapter aims to offer insights into current IP frameworks and propose potential solutions and best practices for stakeholders. Through a multidisciplinary approach that includes legal texts, academic literature, and case studies, this chapter contributes to the development of new theoretical frameworks and informs policy, practice, and public understanding in the evolving landscape of machine creativity.
AI Against 'I' Hiraeth Poiesis or Mimesis
Authors: Vicars Mark , Arantes Janine Aldous
Published: December 2024

In this chapter the presence of AI technologies in shaping contemporary childhood experiences is critically considered utilizing the concepts of Hiraeth (a deep, nostalgic longing for something lost or unattainable), Poiesis (creative making) and Mimesis (imitation). This paper engages with AI in three key educational encounters: adaptive learning platforms, AI-powered voice assistants, and critical public engagement. An investigation of AI-driven adaptive learning platforms, analyse how they personalize education while subtly conditioning both teachers and students to accept AI's authority without question. Next, explorations of the interactions between children and AI voice assistants, reveal how these technologies shape children's identities and communication styles, positioning AI as a respondent to their queries. Finally, an examination of the growing public awareness of AI's societal impacts, highlighting how critical engagement can lead to a more nuanced understanding of AI's role in daily life.
A Smart City Initiative
Authors: Sungur Pinar
Published: December 2024

Smart city initiatives are current trends especially for local governments to synthesize urban policies regarding infrastructure, e-services, urban planning, smart networks and gather within the information and communication technologies (ICT). Strategies across world-wide foster for further developing practical response to urban needs as coping strategy. In such, especially mega cities reconstructing via digitalization or digitization, which is essential to consider its analytical distinction. ‘Smart' cities, which is highly dominant within the discourse of contemporary urbanization, associated within the digital landscape, separating spatial relations of social life within the urban space. This study suggests that the concepts of digitization and digitilization, which are interrelated and often used interchangeably, can be an effective analytical tool in the political rhetoric in ‘smart' city. Dialectical relationship between the inclusive, sustainable and smart dimensions of the city will be examined through political rhetoric using Istanbul Senin app case study.
Artificial Intelligence and the Transformation in Political Communication and Campaigns
Authors: Atar Nurhak
Published: December 2024

The rapid development of new communication technologies and the fact that social media and then AI play an essential role in communication bring along new debates for political communication and campaigns. While AI technology accelerates technological developments with its contributions in accessing and processing information, its different uses lead to the manipulation of information, making it difficult to access accurate information and disrupting the perception of reality. In the political context, AI presents both opportunities and challenges, offering technological and democratic principles. Therefore, this study aims to explain the role of AI in political communication, the impact of AI in political campaigns, the circulation of deep fake videos on social media and AI ethics (Privacy, bias and misinformation) by giving examples. Besides these, the use of AI in the general and local elections as case studies in the different part of the World were discussed.
Leveraging Disruptive Technology on Profitability of Small Businesses in Industry 5.0
Authors: Darda Pooja , Olubiyi Timilehin Olasoji , Ayodeij Olamide Titilayo , Obisanya Abiodun Richard
Published: December 2024

Despite the contributions of the manufacturing small businesses, the performance in industry 5.0 in developing and emerging economies is slow and, in some cases, is likely to decline due to challenges such as technology adoption. Therefore, this chapter investigates the effect of disruptive technology (DT) on the profitability of manufacturing small businesses in Industry 5.0 focusing specifically on Nigeria, the largest consumer industry in Africa. This study adopted a survey research design. A simple random sampling technique with proportionate allocation was used to select the respondents. Findings revealed that disruptive technology had significant effect on profitability in Nigeria. The chapter concludes that disruptive technology can enhance the profitability of manufacturing small businesses in Industry 5.0 particularly in emerging economies. It is recommended that to improve profitability in small businesses, adoption of disruptive technology and artificial intelligence should be considered to enhance daily operations, product efficiency, and business profitability.
Maximising the Potentials of Small and Medium Scale Business Enterprises in Developing Nations Through the Use of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Michael Ogbemudia
Published: December 2024

The modern human society has seen the drastic impact of modern technologies and it is an undeniable fact that these new tools have significantly affected all facets of human interaction and have tremendously impacted human activities, either by causing mild alteration in the nature and structure of the contemporary world, or directly revolutionizing all the sections and sectors of human endeavors. In fact, one area the effects of technologies have been felt is the economy and the commercial sector. Technologies have continued impact and improve businesses across the world, and commercial activities have drifted towards the power and whims of the contemporary technological realities. Hence, many big businesses are adjusting their operations to utilise these new tools for productivity and profitability; affording them enormous competitive advantages. However, studies have showed that SMEs cannot afford expensive technologies or lack the financial wherewithal to adopt technological innovations. Worse still, SMEs in the developing nations contend with several challenges, and it has been determined that more than 80% of SMEs collapse or die during their first three years. The informal sector in every nation is key to the survival of every country, and if struggling nations continue to experience high business mortality in the informal sector, then the economy of the developing countries will continue to nosedive. Therefore, this work recognizes the transformative power of artificial intelligence and its potentials to improve SMEs. Therefore, this work seeks to examine how the developing nations can utilise AIs for more productivity, performance, engagement, business optimization and profitability amidst stiff challenges and the overwhelming influences of big businesses and multinationals.
Strategies for Small Business Resilience and Technological Adaptation Towards Embracing Industry 5.0 in Nigeria
Authors: Olugbade Damola
Published: December 2024

The advent of Industry 5.0 that combines advanced technologies like robotics, artificial intelligence, and cyber-physical systems seamlessly would be an opportunity and challenge for small businesses. This chapter looks at the vulnerabilities that small businesses may have to face during this technological paradigm shift and gives strategic ways in which these risks can be mitigated. It then digs into the fundamental tenets of Industry 5.0 by assessing the importance of technology adoption and adaptation in ensuring resilience as well as competitiveness among small businesses. Additionally, EdTech and other innovative technologies have been identified within this chapter to assist in upskilling and reskilling owners of small enterprises & their employees thus developing a culture of continuous learning plus innovation.Finally, this chapter outlines a full roadmap that small enterprises can follow to adopt industry 5.0 by giving them practical strategies and suggestions on how they can remain viable and sustainable in the face of technology-driven business world.
Sustainability in Small Business Settings Through Tacit Knowledge Transfer Across Generations
Authors: Firmansah Yayan
Published: December 2024

Sustainability of small businesses in Industry 5.0 relies on effective tacit knowledge transfer across generations. This chapter investigates tacit knowledge transfer dynamics in waqf-based organizations. Waqf-based organizations provides a model for studying tacit knowledge practices that promote sustainability. The chapter starts by defining tacit knowledge and its role in enhancing adaptability, innovation, and resilience in small businesses. Challenges in transferring tacit knowledge are also highlighted. The chapter then explores strategies used by waqf-based organizations, such as structured mentorship programs, on-the-job training, job rotation, and collaborative projects, to ensure effective tacit knowledge transfer. The role of digital technology, leaders, and organizational values as an enablers of tacit knowledge transfer is also emphasized. Finally, the chapter discusses implications for small businesses and provides recommendations for leaders to support inter-generational tacit knowledge transfer using digital technologies as well as formal and informal platforms.
The Role of AIS in Enhancing Small Business Agility and Sustainability in Industry 5.0
Authors: Koundal Priyanka , Bhalla Minie , Bandna
Published: December 2024

This study explores the impact of AIS on improving the Agility and sustainability of small businesses in the context of Industry 5.0. This chapter highlights how AIS enables real-time data tracking, cost management, and resource optimization, enhancing decision-making and operational efficiency to promote SMEs' Agility and sustainability. Through the integration of AIS, small businesses can enhance their ability to effectively manage supplier data, monitor sustainability metrics, and optimize supply chain processes. The study reveals that AIS greatly enhances small business agility by facilitating rapid responses to market changes and optimizing resource utilization. Additionally, it promotes sustainability by reducing waste and improving resource management efficiency. The practical implications of this research encompass improved decision-making, effective cost control, and increased employee engagement. Theoretical contributions emphasize the importance of AIS in achieving strategic and sustainable business outcomes in Industry 5.0, aligning with dynamic capabilities
The Role of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Enhancing Stakeholder Engagement for Sustainable Finance in the SME Sector
Authors: Geetha N. , Gopal Krishna U. M.
Published: December 2024

This paper examines how AI and ML affect stakeholders' involvement in sustainable finance in small and medium-sized businesses, focusing on trading, risk management, and financial advice. It begins with a historical overview and follows AI and ML in SMEs from their early use to their widespread adoption today. The study examines how financial institutions use these technologies to improve customer support, revenue, and service digitization for sustainable finance. Algorithmic trading, predictive analysis, financial advisory, and operational risk management are explored. The paper emphasizes stakeholder engagement in sustainable finance and how AI and ML can help. This study offers comprehensive case studies, theoretical frameworks, and future research to help financial institutions, asset managers, and other organizations use AI and ML for sustainable finance and stakeholder engagement.
The Role of Digital Technology in the Sustainability Strategies of SMEs
Authors: Alabi Abdulkadri Toyin , Ubandawaki Abdulbaki Teniola , Issa Saheed Olanrewaju
Published: December 2024

The discourse around sustainability and decarbonization has largely overlooked SMEs, despite their crucial role in the global economy and significant collective emissions. SMEs need focused research and policy attention to address sustainability concerns. The accelerated adoption of digital technologies supports sustainability efforts, enhances competitiveness, and enables product customization. However, there is a gap in understanding how effectively these technologies advance SMEs' sustainability objectives. This study, through a systematic literature review, reveals that adopting ICT, social media, big data analytics, IoT/IIoT, AI, business management programs, and cloud computing is crucial for SMEs to enhance sustainability and achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs).
Business Intelligence and Big Data Analytics for Industry 5.0
Authors: N Rajkumar , Viji C. , Mohanraj A. , Nachiappan Balusamy , Kumar K. Sathesh , Muthulingam S.
Published: December 2024

Within the era of Industry 5.0, agencies are experiencing extensive changes pushed by way of statistics-pushed choices, new technologies, and connectivity. This looks at and explores how the complexity of Industry 5.0 is typically driven by Business Intelligence (BI) and large records analytics. We live in a generation packed with large amounts of dynamic and diverse statistics because of the convergence of cyber-bodily systems, smart devices, and the Internet of Things (IoT). For organizations to efficaciously leverage those large quantities of information, commercial Business Intelligence (BI) and statistics analytics are essential technologies. Business intelligence normally entails the collection, evaluation, and presentation of corporation information, forming the premise for knowledgeable selection-making. Business Intelligence (BI) in Industry 5.0 consists of real-time analytics and predictive insights that move beyond widespread reporting.
Non-surgical management of BPH: An updated review of current literature and state of the art on natural compounds and medical therapy
Authors: Mantica Guglielmo , Ambrosini Francesca , Drocchi Giovanni , Zubko Zlata , Lo Monaco Lorenzo , Cafarelli Angelo , Calarco Alessandro , Colombo Renzo , De Cobelli Ottavio , De Marco Ferdinando , Ferrari Giovanni , Ludovico Giuseppe , Pecoraro Stefano , Tuzzolo Domenico , Carlo Terrone Carlo , Leonardi Rosario
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common urological disease that is strongly associated with the aging process and can lead to lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). LUTS due to BPH can significantly affect the quality of life of many patients. Among the treatments available for BPH to improve symptoms and functional outcomes, drug therapy and surgical therapy are the options of choice. However, for most patients with symptomatic BPH, medical management remains the cornerstone of treatment. Pharmacologic interventions are often preferred as a first approach, being less invasive compared to surgery. Although the medical treatment of BPH is currently defined by the algorithms of international guidelines, the need for a more personalized approach is increasingly recognized given the wide and heterogeneous range of therapeutic options available.
Materials and methods: A review of medical therapy for BPH was conducted using relevant articles in PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. In this review, all drug treatments currently available on the international market whose efficacy is scientifically proven are reviewed and described (phytotherapy, alpha-blockers, muscarinic receptor antagonists, 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors, combination therapies, etc.).
Results: A total of 17 randomized clinical trials were selected for review. Further, 75 studies were included for analysis and discussion.
Conclusions: As the treatment landscape continues to evolve, tailoring therapy to individual patient needs and preferences is likely to become increasingly important to ensure that treatment strategies are both effective and meet patient expectations.
Effectiveness of cognitive fusion transrectal ultrasound prostate biopsy when compared with final prostatectomy histology
Authors: Araújo Ana Sofia , Serra Joao , Anacleto Sara , Rodrigues Ricardo , Tinoco Catarina , Cardoso Andreia , Capinha Mariana , Marques Vera , Mota Paulo
Published: December 2024

Introduction and objectives: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in men. Cognitive fusion transrectal ultrasound prostate biopsy is one of several modalities for diagnosing this disease. However, no existing studies have shown the clear superiority of one image-guided technique over another. This investigation aimed to evaluate the efficacy of targeted biopsy through cognitive guidance, as well as to assess the accuracy of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) in the detection of PCa compared to the specimen obtained by radical prostatectomy (RP).
Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective observational single-center study approved by the ethical committee, including men with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels between 2-10 mg/ml who underwent RP and cognitive fusion biopsy (CFB) between 2017 January and 2022 January.
Results: A total of 639 patients were analyzed, 83 of whom met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled in this study. The overall rate of PCa detection with CFB was 79.5% (median of specific PCa detection was 100%), and the rate of detecting clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) was 74.7%. In addition, there was 42.2% agreement between the International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) score of the CFB and the RP specimen, which increased to 56.6% when the systematic biopsy was added. Regarding the accuracy of mpMRI, several parameters were evaluated with respect to RP sample histology. Of these, tumor location had a total match rate of 39.8% and a partial match rate of 55.4%. Moreover, regarding extraprostatic extension (EPE), the present study found a significant association between the RP specimen and mpMRI (p = 0.002), with an agreement rate of 60% if it was present in the histology and 79.5% if it was not. Additionally, larger prostates and tumors located in the transition zone were significantly associated with a lower CFB accuracy (p = 0.001 and p = 0.030, respectively). After adjusting for all variables evaluated, only prostate volume remains statistically significant (p = 0.029).
Conclusions: In this study, we conclude that mpMRI is highly accurate, allowing good characterization of suspicious tumors and reasonably guiding cognitive biopsy. However, the use of both targeted biopsy through cognitive guidance and systematic biopsy increases the diagnostic accuracy for PCa. Although there is no recommendation in the current literature for one guiding technique over another, we believe that cognitive-guided biopsy should only be reserved for centers with no access to ultrasound or magnetic resonance fusion software.
Pilomatrixoma of toe: Once in a blue moon!!
Authors: Verma Shipra , Asthana Bhushan , Tevatia Manvir Singh , Guleria Prerna
Published: December 2024

Pilomatrixoma, a rare benign adnexal tumor, accounting for 0.12% of all skin tumors. It is predominantly found in children and young adults, with a higher incidence in females. The majority of pilomatrixoma cases are localized to the head and neck area, followed by the upper extremities and trunk. In this report, we describe an exceptionally uncommon clinical presentation of an elderly male with a nodular lesion on his toe, initially misdiagnosed as a ganglion.
Types of substance use and predictors of substance use disorders in patients suffering from psychiatric disorders - A cross sectional study
Authors: Ahmed Jaafar Omer
Published: December 2024

Background:

The types of substances used by psychiatric patients in Iraq and the Middle East vary from other areas of the world. In this region, patients mostly use prescribed drugs.

Aim:

This study aimed to investigate the types of substance use disorder (SUD) and their correlates among psychiatric patients in the Kurdistan region.

Materials and Methods:

The study was conducted on patients, who visited outpatient psychiatric consultation units in the Kurdistan region of Iraq within 6 months. In this study, two hundred fifty (250) adult patients of both genders diagnosed with psychiatric disorders were included.

Results:

Alcohol use disorder was diagnosed in 10 (4%) of cases; after that, the most commonly used substances were benzodiazepine and trihexyphenidyl, each of them positive in 7 (2.8%) of cases, followed by opiates in 4 (1.6%) cases and poly substances in 2 (0.8%) of the cases. The correlates of SUDs included male gender, divorced person, higher educational level, and being employed.

Conclusion:

Psychiatric patients mostly use prescribed medications, especially benzodiazepines and trihexyphenidyl. Future research will be required to study the comorbidity between psychiatric disorders and SUDs in various groups and different settings.
Anaesthetic management of infant with occipital encephalocele associated with Arnold Chiari III malformation - A Case Report
Authors: Pakhare Vandana Patilbuwa , Sowmya K. Naga Sri , Ali Mohammed Mohsin , Sultana Reshma , Chander Doli Suresh
Published: December 2024

Children with occipital meningoencephalocele associated with Arnold–Chiari III malformation present unique challenges to anesthesiologists. Meningoencephalocele is a congenital anomaly wherein meninges, brain, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are herniated through defect in the skull. Challenges to anesthesiologists include difficult airway, latex allergy, bleeding, CSF loss, and autonomic disturbances. Here, we report a late case of a 9-month-old male child with occipital encephalocele associated with Arnold–Chiari III malformation. The child underwent surgical correction under general anesthesia without any adverse event. The anticipated difficult airway was secured with prior planning and teamwork. Multidisciplinary care and careful planning are essential to safeguard the perioperative outcomes for patients with meningoencephalocele wherein difficult airway, blood loss, autonomic dysfunction, and perioperative hypothermia are major concerns.
Efficacy of Cognitive Interventions in Mild Cognitive Impairment due to Alzheimer’s Disease- An Open-Labelled Exploratory Analysis
Authors: Rajesh PG , Parvathy PK , Meenu KS , Krishnan S , Lekshmi K , Sushama SR , Mohanan Nandini , Gomathy Saranya B. , Menon Ramshekhar N.
Published: December 2024

Background:

Efficacy data on nonpharmacotherapy-based interventions such as cognitive retraining and mindfulness meditation on improving neuropsychological functioning in early Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are sparse in Indian literature.

Objective:

The objective of the study was to quantify the effect of cognitive retraining (CR) versus mindfulness training (MT) on neuropsychological test performance in patients with early AD.

Methods and Materials:

We administered CR and MT strategies in two prospectively enrolled groups of individuals (N = 34) who met the criteria for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to AD. Inclusion was based on patient choice and informed consent. One group of 20 patients was imparted supervised CR, and the other group included 14 patients who opted for MT as open-labeled interventions, with group allocation based on participant choice.

Results:

Paired t test was performed with assessment of baseline and postintervention neuropsychological scores of CR and MT groups. The CR group revealed significant improvement on scores at 3 months (P < 0.05) for Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination (ACE) subcomponents, particularly total score, memory, visuospatial, and language subscores as well as on Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale. The MT group showed no significant differences on these tests post-intervention with a trend toward improvement on recall scores, and none of the other test scores demonstrated a declining trend.

Conclusions:

This proof-of-concept study demonstrated significant benefit of CR in improving neuropsychological test performance in patients with MCI due to AD and need to be studied in long-term, multicenter, randomized controlled trials in harmonized groups of patients with MCI and early AD.
Primary Gliosarcoma: A 15-Year Experience at a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Nayak Raghavendra , Akash J. , Patel Bimal , Gandham Edmond J. , Krishnaprabhu R.
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Gliosarcomas (GSM) are rare intracranial tumors composed of both glial and mesenchymal components. Given the rarity of the condition, there is limited literature on their clinical, radiological, pathological features, and treatment modalities.

Methods:

Histopathologically confirmed cases of gliosarcomas were retrospectively analyzed. Based on the intraoperative macroscopic descriptions, patients were subdivided into two groups: tumors resembling meningioma and tumors resembling glioblastoma. Clinicoradiological presentations, characteristic pathological features, therapeutic modalities, and the survival of patients with gliosarcoma were analyzed.

Results:

Twenty-five patients (17 males and 8 females) were retrospectively analyzed in this study. The mean age of presentation was 45.8 + 11.7 years, while the mean duration of symptoms was 2 months. The most common site of the tumor was frontal lobe. All the patients underwent maximal safe resections. Postoperative radiotherapy was received by all 25 patients. Sixteen patients received concurrent and adjuvant chemotherapy with temozolomide.

The median survival was 11 months (range: 4–42 months). Patients with tumors mimicking a meningioma (intraoperatively) had better survival than patients with glioblastoma-like features (P < 0.01).

Conclusion:

Our study supports the presence of two distinct types of GSM: one which is similar to glioblastoma multiforme and another which resembles more of meningioma. Good surgical excision is a favorable prognostic factor for the outcome of GSM. Gliosarcoma which resembles meningioma has got better survival outcome compared to the one that resembles glioblastoma.
Major vulnerabilities in Ethereum smart contracts: Investigation and statistical analysis
Authors: Pishdar Mohammad , Bahaghighat Mahdi , Kumar Rajeev , Xin Qin
Published: December 2024

The general public is becoming increasingly familiar with blockchain technology. Numerous new applications are made possible by this technology's unique features, which include transparency, strong security via cryptography, and distribution. These applications need certain programming tools and interfaces to be implemented. This is made feasible by smart contracts. If the prerequisites are satisfied, smart contracts are carried out automatically. Any mistake in smart contract coding, particularly security-related ones, might have an impact on the project as a whole, available funds, and important data. The current paper discusses the flaws of the Ethereum smart contract in this respect. By examining publically accessible scientific sources, this work aims to present thorough information about vulnerabilities, examples, and current security solutions. Additionally, a substantial collection of current Ethereum (ETH) smart contracts has undergone a static code examination to conduct the vulnerability-finding procedure. The output has undergone assessments and statistical analysis. The study's conclusions demonstrate that smart contracts have several distinct flaws, including arithmetic flaws, that developers should be more aware of. These vulnerabilities and the solutions that can be used to address them are also included.
Diagnose de microrganismos potencialmente patogênicos em árvores de Euplassa semicostata, em remanescente florestal em Minas Gerais
Authors: Caiafa Karine Fernandes , Souza Genaina Aparecida de , Pimenta Thaline Martins , Santos Gleison Augusto dos , Reis Neto Raul Firmino dos , Peixoto Felipe Maerschner Aguiar
Published: December 2024

Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de identificar microrganismos causadores de lesões foliares em Euplassa semicostata Plana, com potencial de interferir em seu florescimento. Sete árvores de E. semicostata foram mapeados em um remanescente florestal em Nova Lima, MG. Amostras de folhas destas plantas foram coletadas e enviadas ao laboratório para diagnose. Os microrganismos potencialmente patogênicos encontrados foram Diaporthe sp. e Mycosphaerella gregaria. Futuros ensaios deverão ser realizados a fim de comprovar a associação entre a presença persistente destes fungos e a dificuldade de florescimento destas árvores.
Imagined or lost homeland? Representations of Crimea in the identity of Crimean Tatars in Vetovo, Bulgaria
Authors: Stanchev Evlogi
Published: December 2024

This essay discusses the diverse places, images and functions of the Crimean Peninsula within the identity of the demographically small Tatar community in present‑ day Vetovo, Bulgaria. Although the paper follows a multidisciplinary approach, anthropological fieldwork conducted with respondents of different profiles constitutes the backbone of the research. Based on Jan Assmann’s influential paradigm of „cultural memory”, the text places special emphasis on the various mechanisms of reproduction of different notions and representations across generations. Following this framework, the author argues that Crimea is experienced differently depending on the individual’s personal or family background. Nevertheless, in the long‑ term, the peninsula remains a main point of reference (as „the ancient homeland”) as well as a source of identification (because „we came from Crimea”) for the local community in the context of an assimilative, Turkish‑ dominated environment.
The formation of independent Ukrainian state through cooperation and joint struggle of the Ukrainian and Crimean Tatar peoples
Authors: Yakovenko Natalia , Valevska Inna
Published: December 2024

The article explores the processes of formation of contemporary Ukrainian political nation, founded by both the Ukrainian and Crimean Tatar peoples. The unique nature of this process lies in the fact that the Crimean Tatars, who are ethnically Turkic, religiously Muslim, and are bearers of a different „cultural code” in contrast to Ukrainians, who are Slavs and predominantly Christians, have become subjects in the formation of the Ukrainian political nation. They both fight side by side for the Ukrainian state and envision their future together.
The article is aimed at studying the reasons behind such a unique phenomenon in the modern world, which suffers from conflicts of identity – ethnic, linguistic, religious, and historical ones. The writers of the paper are trying to analyze processes and reasons behind the Crimean Tatars’ struggle for Ukraine’s territorial integrity and sovereignty, which is also a struggle for their own political subjectivity. The authors also try to examine why cultural, historical, and political development of the Crimean Tatar people is possible only within the framework of a unified Ukrainian state.
Political Participation of the Crimean Tatars – the Indigenous People of Ukraine (1989‑2022): Peculiarities of Development and Functioning
Authors: Dukach Nataliia
Published: December 2024

The article examines the development of political participation of the Crimean Tatars, an indigenous people of Ukraine, and the peculiarities of its functioning in 1989‑‑ 2022. The author divides this process into three conditional stages: the revival of the Crimean Tatar movement (late 1989‑ 1991); Crimean Tatars in the political landscape of independent Ukraine (1991‑2014); political participation of Crimean Tatars in the context of the annexation of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the Russian‑ Ukrainian war (2014‑ 2022).
The author describes in detail the revival of the Crimean Tatar movement in the late 1980s and early 1990s, when Crimean Tatars massively advocated for repatriation and created their own representative body, the Mejlis. Next, the process of formation of relations between the Crimean Tatars and the Ukrainian authorities in 1991‑ 2014 is highlighted. The emphasis is also placed on the main features of the political participation of the Crimean Tatars in 2014‑ 2022, in the context of the annexation of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and before the full‑ scale invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation. It is noted that during this period, the indigenous people faced a new threat to their existence – the repressive policy of the occupation authorities.
In conclusion, the author concludes that the process of development of political participation of the Crimean Tatar indigenous people of Ukraine in 1989‑2022 was quite complex and ambiguous, characterized by stages of growth and decline. In particular, the author emphasizes that the most important victory for the indigenous people was the adoption of the Law of Ukraine „On Indigenous Peoples of Ukraine” in 2021. However, as the author notes, the adoption of this law is only one of the steps in building further political and legal relations between Ukraine and indigenous peoples.
Krymskotatarska dyplomacja kulturalna 2014‑2024
Authors: Voytyuk Oksana
Published: December 2024

Dyplomacja kulturalna jest bardzo ważnym aspektem dyplomacji publicznej. Niektóre kraje zaniedbują ten aspekt z powodu ważniejszych spraw i braku funduszy, co jest ogromnym błędem. Potwierdza to wojna rosyjsko‑ ukraińska, która pokazała jak ważna jest dyplomacja kulturalna dla bezpieczeństwa narodowego państwa. Warto zauważyć, że działania na rzecz dyplomacji kulturalnej w Ukrainie nie były systematyczne, raczej sporadyczne. Pierwszym prezydentem Ukrainy, który zwrócił uwagę na ukraińskie dziedzictwo kulturowe i na znaczenie dyplomacji kulturalnej był Wiktor Juszczenko. Mimo tego w 2004 r. jego apele o zachowanie dziedzictwa kulturowego, języka, kultury, tradycji były bagatelizowane. Dopiero po aneksji Krymu w 2014 r. dyplomacja kulturalna zaczęła nabierać rozpędu. Początkowo była to dyplomacja kulturalna Tatarów Krymskich, która jest istotnym elementem szerszej dyplomacji kulturalnej Ukrainy. Doświadczeni tragicznym losem najpierw deportacji 1944 r., a następnie okupacji Krymu w 2014 r., Tatarzy Krymscy zaczęli aktywnie rozpowszechniać informacje o Krymie, o swoim losie, o łamaniu praw człowieka, zarówno w Ukrainie, jak i zagranicą. Do czasu aneksji Krymu niewiele osób w Ukrainie wiedziało o prawdziwej historii Tatarów Krymskich. Rosyjska zbrojna inwazja na Ukrainę 24 II 2022 r. przyczyniła się do tego, że wielu działaczy ukraińskiej kultury i sztuki zostało ambasadorami Ukrainy w dziedzinie dyplomacji kulturalnej. Od 24 II 2024 r. wybitni przedstawiciele narodu krymskotatarskiego stali się nie tylko promotorami Krymu i kultury krymskotatarskiej, ale także Ukrainy na arenie międzynarodowej. Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu pokazanie zaangażowania Tatarów Krymskich w dyplomację kulturalną i przedstawienie najciekawszych projektów, filmów etc. Nie wyczerpują one całego spektrum działań, a jedynie wprowadzają czytelnika w poszczególne obszary promocji Krymu i Ukrainy.
Współpraca Organizacji Traktatu Północnoatlantyckiego z Ukrainą w wymiarze polityczno‑militarnym po 2014 r.
Authors: Kulczycki Marek
Published: December 2024

Artykuł jest kontynuacją projektu autorskiego, obejmującego problematykę współpracy bilateralnej pomiędzy Sojuszem Północnoatlantyckim a Ukrainą, prowadzonej od początku jej nawiązania do dzisiaj. Jego celem jest analiza bilateralnych stosunków NATO‑Ukraina po 2014 r. i wskazanie najważniejszych ustaleń, które w znacznym stopniu mogą skutkować umocnieniem ukraińskiego bezpieczeństwa w wymiarze polityczno‑ militarnym, jak również jego poprawą w wymiarze międzynarodowym. Podjęto w nim próbę wyjaśnienia wybranych wydarzeń i decyzji mających wpływ na kształt stosunków na linii NATO‑Ukraina.
Uwarunkowania geopolityczne zapory Nowa Kachowka w Ukrainie. Weaponizacja zapór wodnych jako hydropolitycznych zagrożeń egzystencjalnych w ramach krytycznej analizy dyskursu bezpieczeństwa wodnego w XXI w.
Authors: Musioł Marek
Published: December 2024

W artykule analizuję geopolityczne znaczenie zapory Nowa Kachowka w latach 2022‑ 2023, podkreślając jej rolę jako potencjalnego zagrożenia egzystencjalnego w krytycznym dyskursie bezpieczeństwa wodnego. Analiza ta prowadzona jest za pomocą ram hydropolityki, krytycznej geopolityki hydrograficznej, które osadzone są w szerokim, teoretycznym kontekście krytycznych studiów nad bezpieczeństwem. Przeprowadzenie pogłębionych badań nad dyskursem i językiem bezpieczeństwa w tym zakresie, pozwala ocenić strategiczne implikacje samej zapory dla bezpieczeństwa regionalnego i stosunków międzynarodowych. Szczególny nacisk położyłem na obecną perspektywę, tj. od rosyjskiej agresji w lutym 2022 r. po jej zniszczenie przez Rosjan w czerwcu 2023 r. W związku z powyższym, artykuł stanowi pomocne źródło informacji dla analityków i decydentów politycznych w zakresie formułowanych strategii i agend bezpieczeństwa wodnego.
Współpraca wywiadowcza NATO w obszarze analizy zagrożeń (1999‑2019). Zarys problematyki
Authors: Stróżyk Jarosław
Published: December 2024

Współpraca wywiadowcza państw członkowskich NATO, z aktywnym udziałem w niej Polski datowanym od 1999 r., jest kluczowa dla spoistości Sojuszu i jego solidarności w przypadku wystąpienia realnego niebezpieczeństwa. Uzgodnione oceny zagrożeń w Sojuszu Północnoatlantyckim są podstawą planowania strategicznego oraz alokacji środków finansowych. Sam zaś proces tworzenia analiz zagrożeń na forum NATO wymaga intensywnej współpracy wywiadowczej. Ponadto charakter współczesnych operacji zwiększa konieczność precyzyjnego informowania, co czyni pracę wywiadu jeszcze trudniejszą i bardziej odpowiedzialną. W tym kontekście należy uznać, iż profesjonalna współpraca wywiadowcza zalicza się do podstaw efektywnego działania Sojuszu Północnoatlantyckiego. Mając na uwadze powyższe, głównym celem artykułu jest przedstawienie zakresu i celu współpracy wywiadowczej NATO w latach 1999‑2019 oraz jej głównych determinantów, rozpatrywanych zarówno w kategoriach szans, jak i zagrożeń dla przyszłości tego procesu.
The decline of humanist poetics. Faces of information warfare in hybrid conflict on the example of Russia’s 2022 war with Ukraine
Authors: Saja Krystian
Published: December 2024

The main purpose of the article is to show the face of information warfare and the resulting threats in the cited armed conflict between Russia and Ukraine. In addition, it serves to present the overall manifestations of hybrid warfare, with an indication of specific examples from the ongoing war. In the article I will use works on the definitional analysis of hybrid and information warfare, as well as examples from the ongoing hybrid conflict of the Russian Federation with Ukraine. Modern hybrid conflicts are complex operations, distinguished by the use of a wide range of methods of affecting culture, society, economy, finance, history, human psyche and information. At the same time, they do not mean complete victory for any of the parties, given the fact that there is no guarantee of achieving all goals and interests in each of the mentioned dimensions. The most significant area of influence in hybrid warfare is information, which is a key tool for influencing people. Information manipulation and propaganda directly contribute to the destruction of human consciousness and the ability to think rationally.
Islam i polityka w Maroku na początku XX wieku. Naṣīḥat ahl al-islām Muḥammada Ibn Ǧaʿfara al-Kattānīego (1857–1927)
Authors: Dziekan Marek M.
Published: December 2024

The turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries was a difficult period in the history of Morocco. Both the rulers, aware of their own weakness, and Muslim thinkers and scholars were aware of this. Among them, was a man partly associated with the court, but opposed to the passive politics of the sultans, Muhammad Ibn Ǧaʿfar al-Kattāni, a Salafi thinker and historian originating from the influential mystical Kattāniyya brotherhood. Many important Moroccan figures were associated with this brotherhood and to this day it plays a significant role in the social and political life of the country. In my article I will focus on the presentation of Al-Kattānī and his work Naṣīḥat ahl al-Islām (“Advice for Muslims”), first published in Fez in 1908. In it, the author points out the reasons for the weakness of Muslims that led to surrender hostile colonial forces. Characterising and analysing these reasons in depth, at the same time Al-Kattāni indicates ways to overcome them. So far, this work has not received much attention in Oriental studies, although it was a kind of guide for the Moroccan liberation movements that finally led to Morocco's independence in 1956.
Line Bundles on The First Drinfeld Covering
Authors: Taylor James
Published: December 2024

Let $\Omega^d$ be the $d$-dimensional Drinfeld symmetric space for a finite extension $F$ of $\mathbb{Q}_p$. Let $\Sigma^1$ be a geometrically connected component of the first Drinfeld covering of $\Omega^d$ and let $\mathbb{F}$ be the residue field of the unique degree $d+1$ unramified extension of $F$. We show that the natural homomorphism determined by the second Drinfeld covering from the group of characters of $(\mathbb{F}, +)$ to $\text{Pic}(\Sigma^1)[p]$ is injective. In particular, $\text{Pic}(\Sigma^1)[p] \neq 0$. We also show that all vector bundles on $\Omega^1$ are trivial, which extends the classical result that $\text{Pic}(\Omega^1) = 0$.

Comment: v3: final published version