bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
State оf the Art and Trends Development of Agricultural Crop Insurance іn Ukraine
Authors:   Petro Mohyla Black Sea National University, Dranus Valentyn
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Introduction. The low level of insurance coverage of the agricultural sector of Ukraine indicates a great potential for growth in this area and the presence of factors in the crop insurance system that limit its development and require detailed analysis and finding solutions to current problems. Purpose. The aim of the study is to analyze theoretical approaches and foreign experience in crop insurance to identify ways to minimize the consequences of adverse events, effective organization of crop insurance, which will formulate proposals to improve the quality and quantity of insurance products for farmers in Ukraine. Results. The reasons for the weak level of insurance development in the agricultural sector are high: high cost of insurance, skeptical attitude towards insurance companies, lack of insurance culture, lack of activity on the part of insurance companies, as a small number offer agricultural clients insurance in general, and in crop insurance in particular. An analysis of the current legal framework in Ukraine, which regulates insurance relations in the field of agricultural production, determined that the definition of "agricultural insurance" is not reflected and not enshrined in the legislation of Ukraine. Theoretical approaches to agricultural insurance are systematized, attempts and consequences of introduction of state support in crop insurance are analyzed, existing approaches to crop insurance are highlighted, their types are compared and compared, advantages and disadvantages are highlighted. Conclusions. The directions which will promote improvement of a condition of an insurance coverage of a crop of agricultural crops are offered, namely: definition by the state of procedure of the conclusion of insurance contracts and their support; providing full-fledged insurance protection of agricultural producers in order to reduce the negative impact on their financial condition of adverse weather conditions and natural, climatic, environmental, technological disasters; raising the level of insurance culture among agricultural producers and restoring confidence in it; use the benefits of index insurance.
The Essence, Types and Selection Factors of Financial and Investment Strategies of Enterprises
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Yemelyanov Oleksandr , Petrushka Tetyana ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: June 2022

ary developing scientifically sound strategies for their activities. However, there are a variety of such strategies, due to the presence of a significant number of areas and objectives of business entities. Among such strategies, financial and investment occupy an important place. This is due to the fact that the financial strategy determines the sources and methods of financial support for the operation and development of enterprises. At the same time, the investment strategy of enterprises establishes the directions of investment of those investments that enterprises receive from internal and external sources of financial resources. Purpose. The purpose of this article is to clarify the nature, determine the types and factors of choice of financial and investment strategies of enterprises. Results. The definition of the concept of «financial and investment strategy of the enterprise» has been specified. The following concepts have been specified in the article: the grouping of types of financial and investment strategies of enterprises by such features as the level of riskiness of investment activities, the ratio between consumption and accumulation in the structure of profit distribution of enterprises, the level of their activity in controlling investments, the degree of dependence of enterprises on external sources of financing etc. The selection factors of financial and investment strategies of enterprises have been divided into five groups, namely –- those that characterize: business owners, financial and economic condition of economic entities, the conditions of their investment activities, the object of investment and adopted investment decision. A scientific and methodological approach to the selection of a portfolio of financial and investment strategies of enterprises has been developed. Conclusions. Therefore, the financial and investment strategies of enterprises are closely interrelated. Consequently, it is advisable to combine these two strategies into one, namely – in the financial and investment strategy of enterprises. It should be taken into account that there are several types of financial and investment strategies. Whereas, the choice of enterprises of certain types of these strategies is determined by the influence of a significant number of factors.
The Psychological Aspect of Polypharmacy Among Patients with Chronic Diseases. A Case Control Study about The Impact of Polypharmacy Regime Amongst Patients in Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Authors: Rasool Banan , Amen Shwan , Amin Redar , Noori Gazang , Ferra Ondre , Hassan Salah , Othman Elaf , Fattah Harez , Maaroof Payam , Lucero-Prisno Don Eliseo III
Published: June 2022

Background: Patients on Polypharmacy due to a chronic illness are at a higher risk of developing some form of negative psychological outcome as a result of their disease. This study aims to determine the impact of Polypharmacy on the Psychological aspect of patients living with a chronic disease. Method: A case-control study conducted among patients in an outpatient clinic of an Internist (July 1st to September 1st, of 2021) in the city of Erbil, Iraq. Data was extracted from a self-assessed questioner amongst 200 patients divided into a Polypharmacy (case group) and non-Polypharmacy group (Control group). Polypharmacy, being defined as the use of five or more medication. A ‘Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale’ (HADS) was used to determine the presence of symptoms of depression and/or anxiety. Results: A totally of 200 patients were included in the study. Of these 100 participants were from the non-polypharmacy group while the remaining 100 were from the polypharmacy group. Of these, depression among non-polypharmacy group (control) participants were 11% while 76% were found to be non-cases of depression. Compared to that, 31% of the polypharmacy group had depression while 51% were non-cases for depression. Also. the prevalence of depression and anxiety was increasing with an increase in number of medications taken by the patients. Depression was present in 11% of patients who took 4 or less medications while the prevalence increased to 21.1%, 34.9% and 42.1% in patients who took five, six to eight, and more than nine medications, respectively Conclusion: There is a significant link between polypharmacy and psychological distress in patients with chronic diseases with a focus on depression and anxiety. Healthcare providers can help in detecting polypharmacy and in providing recommendations for simplifying medication regimes and reducing the outcomes of chronic diseases.
Review of the European species of the genus Gelanes Horstmann (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae), parasitoids of xyelid sawflies (Hymenoptera: Xyelidae)
Authors: Khalaim A.I. , Blank S.M.
Published: June 2022

Twelve species of the genus Gelanes occur in Europe. Six of them are described in this paper: G. altenhoferi sp. nov., G. alternus sp. nov., G. carinatus sp. nov., G. clavulatus sp. nov., G. flagellatus sp. nov., and G. graecus sp. nov. Gelanes cuspidatus Khalaim is recorded from Europe for the first time. New data on distribution of other species in Europe are provided. A key to the twelve European species of Gelanes is given. New host records and plant associations are ascertained for ten species of Gelanes; all these species are parasitoids of Xyela larvae developing in staminate pine cones.
1935 Nüfus sayımına göre Balıkesir vilayetinin demografik yapısı ve özellikleri
Authors: KAYALAN Ferruh
Published: June 2022

Ülkelerin zaman zaman gerçekleştirdiği kendini murakabeye tabi tutması konusunda en etkili yöntem nüfus sayımlarıdır. Nüfus sayımları bir ülkenin sosyo-ekonomik ve kültürel yapısını her yönüyle ortaya çıkaran veriler sağlamaktadır. Böylece elde edilen veriler ışığında devletin ve onu oluşturan toplumun ihtiyaçlarını daha sağlıklı bir şekilde görmek imkânı elde edilir. Bu anlamda Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nde ikinci nüfus sayımı 1935 Nüfus Sayımıdır. Söz konusu sayım, Balıkesir vilayetinin sosyo-ekonomik ve kültürel yapısı hakkında bize ayrıntılı bilgiler vermektedir. Bu bilgilerden hareketle hazırladığımız çalışmamızın amacı; Balıkesir nüfusunu ayrıntılı bir şekilde ele alıp onun sahip olduğu potansiyeli, istatistiki veriler ışığında ortaya koymaktır. Bu çalışmada ilk olarak nüfus meselesi ele alınarak sayımlara neden ihtiyaç duyulduğu sorusuna yanıt verilmeye çalışılmıştır. İkinci olarak, 1935 Nüfus Sayımına giden süreçte Balıkesir’in tarihi geçmişi anlatılmıştır. Daha sonra söz konusu sayım için ülke genelinde yapılan hazırlıklar çerçevesinde Balıkesir’deki hazırlıklar da kısaca anlatılmıştır. Bundan sonra 1935 nüfus sayımının sonuçlarına göre Balıkesir vilayetinin nüfus verileri incelenmiştir. Bu veriler ışığında; Balıkesir’in cinsiyet açısından nüfus yapısı ve yoğunluğu, okuryazarlık oranı, nüfusun doğum yerleri, engellilik durumu ve mesleki tercihleri değerlendirilmiştir.
On Social Productivity and Future Perspectives on Action Research
Authors: Fricke Werner , Greenwood Davydd J. , Larrea Miren , Streck Danilo
Published: June 2022

The paper addresses some of the consequences of neoliberalism in our societies and argues that the phenomena that is being discussed under the label of surveillance capitalism has deep implications regarding action research. It fractures individuals into apolitical wants and needs, neutralising the core of action research which is the integrity of the individual and the social fabric. But this can be a two-way relationship, and action research can contribute to counteracting these trends by recreating the citizen actor and integrating individuals in society. To discuss how this can be done in practice, the paper shares some positive deviants, which are positive examples that emerge under unfavorable conditions. Through their discussion the paper poses future-oriented perspectives on action research.
How to implement the precision medicine in pathology
Authors: Ramón y Cajal S. , Hernández-Losa J. , Temprana-Salvador J. , Castellví-Vives J.
Published: June 2022

he precision medicine has to be based on 3 pillars: 1. In a correct pathological diagnosis. 2. In precise tumor staging.3. In the application of biomarkers associated with targeted therapy.
Therefore, for the first step to implement a correct precision medicine is mandatory to optimize the pathological diagnosis, which goes through the digitization of the images, which allow telepathology and the application of computational pathology algorithms to objectify the quantification of biomarkers in tissue sections.
In relation to molecular studies, it is mandatory to study NGS in most lung, colon and melanoma tumors, as well as sarcomas and brain tumors for their differential diagnosis.
To implement NGS technology and extend it to the largest possible number of patients, it is essential to concentrate molecular studies in a few centers that can allow more experience for biologists and pathologists, and also optimize the cost per sample. In Catalonia, by government decision, 5 pathological anatomy laboratories have been selected to carry out all the molecular sequencing studies of a community of almost 8 million inhabitants. The hospitals which depend on our Institution send us the samples and we return the molecular study in a week The results obtained must be integrated into the pathological diagnosis of the referral hospital. Joint molecular committees are held weekly with the reference centers. This network concentration of pathological and molecular studies allows this molecular study to be extended to the entire population with a similar quality, regardless of their place of residence.
Kemandirian Anak Saat Learning From Home Terhadap Tingkat Stres Orang Tua
Authors: Windy Chintya Dewi  , Aironi Zuroida
Published: June 2022

This study aims to determine the relationship between children's independence when learning from home and the level of parental stress on parents/guardians of elementary/MI students aged 6 to 8 years. The hypothesis of this study is that there is a negative relationship between children’s independence and stress levels in parents. The subjects for this study were 50 parents/guardians across 15 sub-districts of Jombang Regency. The parental stress level scale used was adapted from Abidin's theory. Meanwhile, the children's independence scale was adapted from Havighurst's theory. This data was analysed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) version 18.0 for Windows. The results showed the Spearman's Rho correlation index rho xy = -0.608 with a significance of 0.000 (p < 0.01). This shows that the hypothesis is accepted with a very significant level. This means that there is a very negative connection between the child's independence and the parents' level of stress.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФОРМУВАННЯ МЕТОДИЧНОЇ СИСТЕМИ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ
Authors: Павлюк Любов
Published: June 2022

Актуальність зумовлена масштабними перетвореннями в суспільній, соціально-економічній та освітній сферах та відповідним підвищенням вимог щодо якості підготовки вчителів у закладах вищої освіти.
Мета: актуалізація проблеми підготовки майбутніх учителів технологій, що є важливим компонентом їх професійної складової, розвитку фахової і психолого-педагогічної творчості педагога.
Методи: загальні (діяльнісний, системний, культурологічний, порівняльний); спеціальні (анкетування, експеримент, спостереження, аналіз документів).
Результати: розроблено авторську методичну систему підготовки майбутніх учителів технологій на основі існуючих методичних систем навчання.
Висновки: встановлено, що найбільш змінними компонентами запропонованої методичної системи є мета й завдання, відповідно до них формується зміст методичної системи, методи корелюють із засобами навчання, а найбільш сталий компонент – це форми навчання (консультації, гуртки, олімпіади, конкурси, факультативи); визначено характерні ознаки методичної системи підготовки майбутніх учителів технологій  – цілісність (складається із взаємопов’язаних компонентів), структурність і наявність системотвірного фактора (мети), множинність (форм організації, змісту,  характеру освітньої діяльності студентів тощо); з’ясовано, що підготовка майбутніх учителів технологій буде ефективною лише при системному поєднанні змісту навчання, методів навчання, форм, засобів та результатів навчання, об’єднуючись у одне ціле із комплексною взаємодією викладача та здобувача освіти.
Análisis social y ambiental de los programas de rescate en Xochimilco
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco, Azamar Alonso Aleida , Solis Tepexpa Sergio ,   Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco, González Gallardo Gisel
Published: June 2022

Xochimilco is Cultural Heritage of Humanity and because of that has been implemented different measures to stop the degradation of the area. However, despite the efforts of local, federal and international authorities starting the project unesco Xochimilco it was discovered that Xochimilco is still affected by human presence.The objective of this work is to evaluate the implementation of the rescue policies and development in the area, in order to find the root of the problem; also, its presented the experience that was collected from residents to estimate the social welfare.
Faktor-Faktor Pengungkapan Sustainability Report
Authors: Sinaga Imelda , Teddyani Stella
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji kembali pengaruh karakteristik perusahaan yang terdiri dari profitabilitas, likuiditas, leverage dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap pengungkapan sustainability report. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan data sekunder. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2015-2018 yang menerbitkan laporan tahunan dan sustainability report. Penentuan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa profitabilitas berpengaruh negatif terhadap pengungkapan sustainability report, likuiditas tidak berpengaruh terhadap pengungkapan sustainability report, leverage tidak berpengaruh terhadap pengungkapan sustainability report, dan ukuran perusahaan tidak berpengaruh terhadap pengungkapan sustainability report. Sedangkan secara simultan profitabilitas, likuiditas, leverage dan ukuran perusahaan tidak berpengaruh terhadap pengungkapan sustainability rep
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING ADOPTION OF PREMIER HYBRID SEED AMONG MAIZE FARMERS IN SABON-GARI LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: DANLADI E. B. , NTAT F. H. , IDAKWO D. A.
Published: June 2022

The study investigated the factors affecting adoption of premier hybrid seed among maize farmers in Sabon-Gari Local Government Area of Kaduna State. Multi-stage sampling technique was employed to select 54 respondents for the study. Primary data were collected with the aid of structured questionnaire administered to (54) maize farmers in the study area. The data were analyzed using descriptive and logistic statistics (frequencies, percentages and logit regression model). The results of the socio economic characteristic of the maize farmers revealed that the mean age of the maize farmers was 35 years and average years of farming experience was 21 years. The average household size of the maize farmers was 8 persons per household. The result of the socio economic factors influencing adoption show that level of Awareness, Age, level of education, extension contact, household size, and output were positive and significant at different levels while farming experience was negative but significant at 10 percent.  Major constraints affecting the adoption of premier hybrid maize seed were inadequate input, high cost of the hybrid maize seed, insufficient capital to boost their farming activity and high labour cost. It is therefore recommended that farmers should pull their resources together through cooperative or farmers association to be able to raise funds for the purchase of farm inputs at lower cost.
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING DEMAND AND SUPPLY OF TURKEY MEAT IN OSUN STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: ADESIYAN O. F. , ADESIYAN A. T. , JOEL T. O.
Published: June 2022

The study examined the factors affecting the demand and supply of turkey meat in Osun State. Multi-stage sampling procedure was used to obtain data from 39 turkey farmers and 95 consumers. Data were analyzed with the aid of descriptive statistics and two stage least squares model. The results of the descriptive statistics showed that majority of the turkey producers were male, married with an average age of 39 years. They operate on a small scale of production with an average of 73.21 flock size and have an average of 5.31 years of farming experience. The results also revealed that majority of the turkey consumers were married with a mean age of 41years and have formal education. The two stage least squares estimates showed that the significant determinants of supply of turkey meat are flock size, diseases outbreak, return on investment, educational level and cost of production. On the other hand, significant determinants of demand of turkey meat are income and educational status.  It is therefore recommend that farmers should be sensitized on good management practices to prevent and control diseases by making available extension and veterinary services in order to increase turkey meat supply. Also, consumers should be sensitized on the nutritional benefits of poultry meat through advertisement. This will in turn help consumers in meeting the FAO recommendation for daily animal protein intake
Analysis of Gut Microbiota in Patients with Breast Cancer and Benign Breast Lesions
Authors: Ma Zhijun , Qu Manli , Wang Xiaowu
Published: June 2022

Breast cancer (BC) and benign breast lesions (BBLs) are common diseases in women worldwide. The gut microbiota plays a vital role in regulating breast diseases’ formation, progression, and therapy response. Hence, we explored the structure and function of gut microflora in patients with BC and BBLs. A cohort of 66 subjects was enrolled in the study. Twenty-six subjects had BC, 20 subjects had BBLs, and 20 matched healthy controls. High throughput 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene sequencing technology was used to determine the microbial community structure. Compared with healthy individuals, BC patients had significantly lower alpha diversity indices (Sobs index, p = 0.019; Chao1 index, p = 0.033). Sobs and Chao1 indices were also lower in patients with BBLs than healthy individuals, without statistical significance (p = 0.279, p = 0.314, respectively). Both unweighted and weighted UniFrac analysis showed that beta diversity differed significantly among the three groups (p = 3.376e–14, p < 0.001, respectively). Compared with healthy individuals, the levels of Porphyromonas and Peptoniphilus were higher in BC patients (p = 0.004, p = 0.007, respectively), whereas Escherichia and Lactobacillus were more enriched in the benign breast lesion group (p < 0.001, p = 0.011, respectively). Our study indicates that patients with BC and BBLs may undergo significant changes in intestinal microbiota. These findings can help elucidate the role of intestinal flora in BC and BBLs patients.
Critical Clearing Time and Angle for Power Systems Postfault Stability Assessment
Authors: Latiki Lounis , Medjdoub Abdallah , Taib Nabil
Published: June 2022

Transient stability analysis is a very important tool to deal with many behaviors of electrical power systems during and after being subjected to various disturbances. this paper propose a method for electrical power systems transient stability assessment using phase plane trajectories. A methodology for computing the critical stability conditions of generators is proposed. The critical conditions such as critical clearing time (CCT) and critical clearing angle (CCA) were obtained. The computation of CCA and CCT is curried out step by step using the characteristics of the faulted and postfault trajectories from given initial conditions until their intersection point. The angle and time values founded represent, by definition, the critical conditions of the system. The proposed algorithm can be used for complex models since it is based on solving systems of differential equations by iterative methods in the phase plane. The advantage provided by this method is it's accurate and small time consuming. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, first, critical conditions calculation procedures are given, then the process used in judging power system stability is provided, finally, simulation results for various test cases of a single machine infinite bus (SMIB) system highlight the proposed methodology.
You are how you eat
Authors: Oskis Andrea
Published: June 2022

Abstract: This article explores research that relates practices of interpersonal food behaviours to attachment style. The focus is on food sharing and food offering, across different affec-tional bonds, from family to friends to romance, and how this is affected by attachment styles and behaviours. Although food sharing tends to bring us joy, it can hurt too, as research using the hot sauce paradigm tells us. The research findings are interwoven with anecdotes from the author’s own Greek Cypriot heritage, where food sharing is synonymous with the cuisine; in many ways this piece could be considered a love letter to meze.
From food to feelings
Authors: McKenna Helen
Published: June 2022

Drawing on material from her journals, in this article the author focuses on what food represented in her eating disorder, including how she used it to replace relationships and distract from difficult feelings and emotions. She also explores the process of recovery, ranging from participating in inpatient treatment programmes and physical re-feeding to the psychotherapy that she continues to this day.
Implementation of Teaching Game for Understanding Approach for Improvement Man To Man Marking (Defense) to Beginner Basketball Player
Authors: Widowati Atri , Decheline Grafitte , Dinafi Yusra
Published: June 2022

Teaching Games for Understanding is basically learning by the game level that suitabled with the development and activity of modification game learning that is centered on tactical problems and the student must be to solve it. Physical Education learning approaches to introduce the meaning of playing in sport to students. The purpose from this research is to improve known player basketball about Man to Man Marking in playing basketball used teaching games for understanding tactical approach. This research is qualitative research, observative descriptive design to know implementation of new learning methods in Physical education to students, or athletes by using teaching games for understanding. In this research had been done by observation, using triangulation data, given practice Teaching games for understanding methods, improving known was by questionnaire and skill results after giving teaching games for understanding method and documentation from the activities. This approach was an activity to make it easy for the students to deliver material, especially about the tactic games in sport. Furthermore, this approach is a part from Tactical Approach, where students or athletes will do some game modification that is almost the same with the real game. Technique from the game will be the same, but sometimes the field, rule of game, and player who can play will be modified by the teacher. The focus from students was in the tactical game. So, they must understand their position and their assignment in the field during the game. From the research, answered from students and their opinion about the Teaching Games for understanding tactical approach for better known man to man marking defense, the conclusion that 66,7% from total sample have good known about the teaching games for understanding, but 33,3% from others, have good known yet about the tactical approach. That is, the teaching games for understanding for students and athletes must be more socialized, especially in Jambi.
Uso concomitante de ansiolíticos e plantas medicinais: Será que há risco?
Authors: Lima Giovana , Costa Tamiris , Antunes Alyne Alexandrino , Gonzaga Rodrigo Vieira
Published: June 2022

Introdução: É crescente de ervas medicinais em muitos países. O ponto positivo do Brasil é sua grande diversidade vegetal, que proporciona muitas linhas de tratamento com uma variedade de ervas. Uma possível integração da prática unificadora no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) foi discutida em conjunto com o Ministério da Saúde, que por sua vez visa o uso racional. Os benzodiazepínicos pertencem ao grupo de ansiolíticos e hipnóticos amplamente aplicados pela população. Seu uso junto com certos medicamentos fitoterápicos pode interferir na farmacoterapia do paciente. Objetivo: Consiste na coleta de 252 voluntários e identificação de pacientes que façam uso de benzodiazepínicos combinado a utilização de fitoterápicos. Os Fitoterápicos apresentados serão Hypericum perforatum (Erva de São João) e Passiflora incarnata (Flor da paixão ou maracujá). Metodologia: O trabalho é um  estudo  observacional  do  tipo  transversal,  realizado  por  meio digital com a aplicação de um  questionário divulgado através das redes sociais. Discussão e Resultados: 67,1% dos voluntários responderam sim para o uso de medicamentos de forma contínua, 19,8% responderam sim para o uso de ansiolíticos, sendo eles 24% para Clonazepam (Rivotril®), 12% para Alprazolam (Frontal®), 10% para Diazepam (Valium®), 2% para Bromazepam (Lexotan®), Lorazepam (Lorax®), Midazolam (Dormonid®). 82,4% dos voluntários responderam que já haviam lido a bula do medicamento a qual usavam. Sobre fitoterápicos, 52,9% responderam que não eram adeptos ao uso, 70,6% responderam que já haviam ouvido falar em interações medicamentosas e 88,2% responderam sim para a pergunta relacionada à um fitoterápico ser menos agressivo em relação a outros medicamentos. Quando questionados sobre a ciência de interações medicamentosas com fitoterápicos, 58,8% responderam não. Conclusão: Os principais remédios fitoterápicos usados para tratar distúrbios do sono necessitam de atenção, pois podem ter consequências perigosas para os pacientes se usados concomitantes com outros fármacos, a promoção a racionalização de seu uso faz-se necessária.
Perfil epidemiológico dos casos de tuberculose no estado da Paraíba no período de 2010 a 2019
Authors: Feitosa Sarah Daisy Mota , Feitosa Jéssica Mykaella Ferreira , Costa Mateus Flóro da Silva , Costa Soliane Cristina Rodrigues , Oliveira Evaldo Hipólito de
Published: June 2022

O presente trabalho objetivou analisar e descrever o perfil epidemiológico dos casos de tuberculose no estado da Paraíba, no período compreendido entre 2010 e 2019. Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, retrospectivo, com abordagem descritiva e quantitativa, realizado a partir de fontes secundárias. Foi realizado um levantamento de dados no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação, com análise das variáveis: ano de notificação, macrorregião de saúde/município de notificação, sexo, faixa etária, escolaridade, forma clínica, 1ª e 2ª baciloscopia, cultura de escarro, HIV e situação de encerramento. Os dados foram processados nos programas Microsoft Office®, Microsoft Excel® 2016 e TabWin versão 4.15. Foram registrados ao total 13.664 casos, o maior fluxo esteve presente em João Pessoa, Campina Grande e Patos. Em todo período houve predomínio em indivíduos do sexo masculino, na faixa etária de 20 a 59 anos. Quanto à escolaridade, prevaleceu 1ª a 4ª série incompleta do ensino fundamental, 2.522 (18,46%). A primeira baciloscopia de escarro apresentou o maior número de resultados positivos, 7.295 casos, enquanto a cultura foi menos realizada (11.530). Maior acometimento da forma pulmonar (84,13%). Os resultados dos testes de HIV positivos contabilizaram 1.138 casos (8,33%). A cura foi prevalente em todos os anos avaliados, correspondendo a 7.879 (57,66%). Dessa forma, apesar da tuberculose ser uma doença com tratamento e cura, ainda é significativo o número de indivíduos acometidos por essa patologia, bem como sua estreita relação com condições socioeconômicas mais precárias e o impacto da coinfecção TB-HIV.
Ground-truthing daily and lunar patterns of coral reef fish call rates on a US Virgin Island reef
Authors: Ferguson SR , Jensen FH , Hyer MD , Noble A , Apprill A , Mooney TA
Published: June 2022

Coral reefs comprise some of the most biodiverse habitats on the planet. These ecosystems face a range of stressors, making quantifying community assemblages and potential changes vital to effective management. To understand short- and long-term changes in biodiversity and detect early warning signals of decline, new methods for quantifying biodiversity at scale are necessary. Acoustic monitoring techniques have proven useful in observing species activities and biodiversity on coral reefs through aggregate approaches (i.e. energy as a proxy). However, few studies have ground-truthed these acoustic analyses with human-based observations. In this study, we sought to expand these passive acoustic methods by investigating biological sounds and fish call rates on a healthy reef, providing a unique set of human-confirmed, labeled acoustic observations. We analyzed acoustic data from Tektite Reef, St. John, US Virgin Islands, over a 2 mo period. A subset of acoustic files was manually inspected to identify recurring biotic sounds and quantify reef activity throughout the day. We found a high variety of acoustic signals in this soundscape. General patterns of call rates across time conformed to expectations, with dusk and dawn showing important and significantly elevated peaks in soniferous fish activity. The data reflected high variability in call rates across days and lunar phases. Call rates did not correspond to sound pressure levels, suggesting that certain call types may drive crepuscular trends in sound levels while lower-level critical calls, likely key for estimating biodiversity and behavior, may be missed by gross sound level analyses.
Establishment and characteristics of Perkinsus beihaiensis in vitro isolates from Mediterranean mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis
Authors: Liu Y , Maeda K , Yoshinaga T , Itoh N
Published: June 2022

Two monoclonal in vitro isolates of Perkinsus beihaiensis were established from tissues of infected Mediterranean mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis, using a lipid concentrate and yeast extract medium (LpcYM) to induce enlarged prezoospoangia from histozoic trophozoites, and Perkinsus broth medium (PBM) to support subsequent zoosporulation and schizogonic proliferation from those cells. Zoospores of the isolates developed into uninucleate signet-ring trophozoites followed by schizonts typical of Perkinsus spp., but an additional type of unknown botryoidal cell clusters appeared and increased in density. These botryoidal cell clusters had second-generation daughter schizonts within which further internal cells were produced. Although botryoidal cell clusters in primary cultures rarely proliferated in PBM, cells contained by botryoidal clusters enlarged as prezoosporangia in LpcYM, and a large number of proliferative stages (i.e. trophozoites and schizonts typical for Perkinsus spp.) were obtained from these prezoosporangia in PBM. At lower cell density, trophozoites transformed into the botryoidal cell clusters in PBM, and the number of cells increased little, while trophozoites rapidly increased by typical schizogony at higher density in PBM. Based on these observations, we determined an optimal cell density for continuous culture of P. beihaiensis isolates, confirmed their ability to proliferate and survive after cryopreservation, and describe an experimental protocol to culture this most recently described species in the genus Perkinsus.
Stability of the sdha, hprt, prl3d1 and hes1 Gene Expression in a Rat Liver Fibrosis Model
Authors: Lebedeva E. I. , Babenko A. S. , Shchastniy A. T.
Published: June 2022

So far, no versatile set of reference genes for normalizing real-time polymerase chain reaction data has been identified. Numerous studies focusing the selection of reference genes for specific purposes frequently fail to elaborate a suitable selection strategy. In a number of such studies, the stage of selecting reference genes is ignored due to either its high cost or other reasons. As a result, the normalization of data is carried out using genes, which have previously shown their effectiveness under other, sometimes completely different, experimental conditions. In this work, we aim to study variations in the level of mRNA expression of several genes, some of which are commonly used to normalize RT-PCR data. As special conditions, modeling of rat liver fibrosis with thioacetamide was used.In our experiment, when considering the process of fibrogenesis as a whole, the optimal reference genes were found to be hes1 and sdha. However, when focusing on specific stages of fibrosis, a pair of genes should be selected depending on the stability indicators. At the initial fibrogenesis stages, sdha and hprt can be used. The hes1 gene is suitable as a reference gene, when the average Cq value of the target genes is approximately 29 cycles (as in hes1). Hes1 should be used with care when working in the Cq ranges of target genes of 26–29 and above 30, since the error is likely to increase. Following the same principle, the optimum Cq value for the sdha gene was observed to be 27, although the Cq range of 24–27 is also acceptable. At the same time, when working in the Cq range of above 28, the use of sdha may be associated with an increase in calculation errors.
Acute motor and sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN) associated with COVİD-19 infection ; a case report
Authors: Sipahioğlu Hilal , Elmaağaç Merve , Celik Kantar Yesim , Günal Ali İhsan
Published: June 2022

Myalgia and headache are relatively common in COVID-19 disease, but the serious neurological disease is rare. In this case, we describe the symptoms and clinic of AMSAN, a rare variant of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) due to COVID 19. We presented a case of AMSAN, a rare variant of GBS, in a 46-year-old male patient with a poor overall condition that did not recover after COVID-19 disease, loss of strength in all four extremities, and CSF and EMG findings. We added another GBS case due to Covid-19 infection to the literature. It should always be kept in mind that GBS may develop after the COVID-19 disease.
Building a preprint community as a scholarly society: a case study of APSA Preprints
Authors: Gurstelle Jon , Marchant Emily
Published: June 2022

The first version of this poster was presented at the APSA Annual Conference 2021, and covered the benefits of sharing early research via preprints, with usage statistics, user feedback and case studies from APSA Preprints, the American Political Science Association's preprint service. The second version was presented at the Society of Scholarly Publishing meeting in June 2022, and was expanded to include considerations for scholarly societies.
ESCRITA REFLEXIVA E REGULAÇÃO DA APRENDIZAGEM: UMA INVESTIGAÇÃO NO CONTEXTO DA FORMAÇÃO INICIAL DE PROFESSORES DE MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Silva Gardin Francielle , Regina dos Santos Edilaine
Published: June 2022

"Neste artigo são apresentados alguns resultados de uma investigação que teve por objetivo identificar e analisar indícios de regulação da aprendizagem de futuros professores de Matemática, a partir de escritas reflexivas. Foram realizadas análises em escritas reflexivas produzidas no âmbito da formação docente em Matemática. Essas escritas contemplam um trabalho realizado, no primeiro bimestre letivo de 2019, com Operações Aritméticas em uma disciplina de Prática e Metodologia do Ensino de Matemática da Licenciatura em Matemática de uma universidade pública paranaense. Com esta investigação, foi possível identificar que, de um modo geral, as escritas reflexivas apresentam a constatação e/ou superação de alguma dificuldade, ou aprendizagens referentes a conteúdos matemáticos e prática docente, que está relacionado à regulação da aprendizagem."
UMA INVESTIGAÇÃO SOBRE A PERCEPÇÃO DE PROFESSORES COM RELAÇÃO AO ENSINO REMOTO EMERGENCIAL DE MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Souza da Silva Erilúcia , Caldato João Carlos , Vieira de Almeida Marcio , Monteiro Mendes Baccar Maria Helena , Keniichi Gushima Moura Mário
Published: June 2022

"Esta pesquisa teve o objetivo de identificar aspectos das práticas de ensino de professores que lecionaram Matemática durante certo período da pandemia da COVID-19, particularmente os recursos e as dinâmicas utilizados no ensino remoto emergencial, bem como investigar as percepções desses professores sobre os aspectos positivos e negativos dessa utilização. Para isso, elaborou-se um questionário online que foi respondido por cem professores. A partir da análise qualitativa dos dados, inspirada na análise de conteúdo de Laurence Bardin, concluiu-se, dentre outros, que: os professores utilizaram diferentes estratégias para se aproximar dos alunos, mesmo que remotamente; o acesso às atividades e aulas não foi uniforme pelos alunos; metodologias próprias do ensino híbrido foram utilizadas e houve a percepção, por parte dos docentes, da necessidade de formação continuada referente a tecnologias digitais. Dessa forma, a maioria dos participantes reconheceu a importância do uso de recursos e dinâmicas do ensino remoto emergencial no retorno do ensino presencial."
SOMATÓRIOS: ONDE E COMO SÃO ABORDADOS?
Authors: Talita Galvão Ágda , de Quadros Chagas Jocemar
Published: June 2022

"O tema central deste trabalho é o uso da simbologia de somatórios no ensino, incluindo sua interpretação e propriedades. Aceitamos a premissa que, em geral, estudantes se sentem desconfortáveis em realizar manipulações algébricas ou resolver problemas onde a notação Sigma está presente. Com o objetivo de auxiliar docentes a mediar com propriedade o aprendizado referente ao tema e suas aplicações, apresentamos um levantamento de “quando” e “como” a notação de somatório é inserida no Ensino Médio e no Ensino Superior nos cursos de licenciatura em matemática. Como resultado de tal levantamento, percebemos que, normalmente, em nenhum momento a notação de somatório é objeto explícito de estudo, o que pode justificar a premissa aceita. Concluímos com as sugestões de que: (i) em algum momento de sua formação inicial ou continuada, professores e professoras de matemática realizem estudos detalhados de notação e propriedades dos somatórios visando melhorar sua própria compreensão sobre o tema; (ii) cada turma de estudantes do Ensino Médio tenha, em algum momento,pelo menos uma aula dedicada ao estudo e compreensão da notação Sigma para somatórios. Adicionalmente, apontamos referências nas quais a teoria de somatórios clássicos (com uma quantidade finita de termos) é apresentada de forma estruturada e concisa. Indicamos ainda uma proposta de módulo didático que pode ser aplicada no Ensino Médio."
Design, Synthesis, and Application of Carbon Dots With Synergistic Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Qie Xingwang , Zan Minghui , Gui Ping , Chen Hongyi , Wang Jingkai , Lin Kaicheng , Mei Qian , Ge Mingfeng , Zhang Zhiqiang , Tang Yuguo , Dong Wen-Fei , Song Yizhi
Published: June 2022

The diversity of bacteria and their ability to acquire drug resistance lead to many challenges in traditional antibacterial methods. Photothermal therapies that convert light energy into localized physical heat to kill target microorganisms do not induce resistance and provide an alternative for antibacterial treatment. However, many photothermal materials cannot specifically target bacteria, which can lead to thermal damage to normal tissues, thus seriously affecting their biological applications. Here, we designed and synthesized bacteria-affinitive photothermal carbon dots (BAPTCDs) targeting MurD ligase that catalyzes the synthesis of peptidoglycan (PG) in bacteria. BAPTCDs presented specific recognition ability and excellent photothermal properties. BAPTCDs can bind to bacteria very tightly due to their chiral structure and inhibit enzyme activity by competing with D-glutamic acid to bind to MurD ligases, thus inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial walls. It also improves the accuracy of bacteria treatment by laser irradiation. Through the synergy of biochemical and physical effects, the material offers outstanding antibacterial effects and potentially contributes to tackling the spread of antibiotic resistance and facilitation of antibiotic stewardship.
Investigating the Paracrine Role of Perinatal Derivatives: Human Amniotic Fluid Stem Cell-Extracellular Vesicles Show Promising Transient Potential for Cardiomyocyte Renewal
Authors: Costa Ambra , Balbi Carolina , Garbati Patrizia , Palamà Maria Elisabetta Federica , Reverberi Daniele , De Palma Antonella , Rossi Rossana , Paladini Dario , Coviello Domenico , De Biasio Pierangela , Ceresa Davide , Malatesta Paolo , Mauri Pierluigi , Quarto Rodolfo , Gentili Chiara , Barile Lucio , Bollini Sveva
Published: June 2022

Cardiomyocyte renewal represents an unmet clinical need for cardiac regeneration. Stem cell paracrine therapy has attracted increasing attention to resurge rescue mechanisms within the heart. We previously characterized the paracrine effects that human amniotic fluid–derived stem cells (hAFSC) can exert to provide cardioprotection and enhance cardiac repair in preclinical models of myocardial ischemia and cardiotoxicity. Here, we analyze whether hAFSC secretome formulations, namely, hAFSC conditioned medium (hAFSC-CM) over extracellular vesicles (hAFSC-EVs) separated from it, can induce cardiomyocyte renewal. c-KIT+ hAFSC were obtained by leftover samples of II trimester prenatal amniocentesis (fetal hAFSC) and from clinical waste III trimester amniotic fluid during scheduled C-section procedures (perinatal hAFSC). hAFSC were primed under 1% O2 to enrich hAFSC-CM and EVs with cardioactive factors. Neonatal mouse ventricular cardiomyocytes (mNVCM) were isolated from cardiac tissue of R26pFUCCI2 mice with cell cycle fluorescent tagging by mutually exclusive nuclear signal. mNVCM were stimulated by fetal versus perinatal hAFSC-CM and hAFSC-EVs to identify the most promising formulation for in vivo assessment in a R26pFUCCI2 neonatal mouse model of myocardial infarction (MI) via intraperitoneal delivery. While the perinatal hAFSC secretome did not provide any significant cardiogenic effect, fetal hAFSC-EVs significantly sustained mNVCM transition from S to M phase by 2-fold, while triggering cytokinesis by 4.5-fold over vehicle-treated cells. Treated mNVCM showed disorganized expression of cardiac alpha-actinin, suggesting cytoskeletal re-arrangements prior to cell renewal, with a 40% significant downregulation of Cofilin-2 and a positive trend of polymerized F-Actin. Fetal hAFSC-EVs increased cardiomyocyte cell cycle progression by 1.8-fold in the 4-day-old neonatal left ventricle myocardium short term after MI; however, such effect was lost at the later stage. Fetal hAFSC-EVs were enriched with a short isoform of Agrin, a mediator of neonatal heart regeneration acting by YAP-related signaling; yet in vitro application of YAP inhibitor verteporfin partially affected EV paracrine stimulation on mNVCM. EVs secreted by developmentally juvenile fetal hAFSC can support cardiomyocyte renewal to some extension, via intercellular conveyance of candidates possibly involving Agrin in combination with other factors. These perinatal derivative promising cardiogenic effects need further investigation to define their specific mechanism of action and enhance their potential translation into therapeutic opportunity.
Recent Advances of Intraocular Lens Materials and Surface Modification in Cataract Surgery
Authors: Luo Chenqi , Wang Hanle , Chen Xinyi , Xu Jingjie , Yin Houfa , Yao Ke
Published: June 2022

Advances in cataract surgery have increased the demand for intraocular lens (IOL) materials. At present, the progress of IOL materials mainly contains further improving biocompatibility, providing better visual quality and adjustable ability, reducing surgical incision, as well as dealing with complications such as posterior capsular opacification (PCO) and ophthalmitis. The purpose of this review is to describe the research progress of relevant IOL materials classified according to different clinical purposes. The innovation of IOL materials is often based on the common IOL materials on the market, such as silicon and acrylate. Special properties and functions are obtained by adding extra polymers or surface modification. Most of these studies have not yet been commercialized, which requires a large number of clinical trials. But they provide valuable thoughts for the optimization of the IOL function.
Platforms for Optogenetic Stimulation and Feedback Control
Authors: Kumar Sant , Khammash Mustafa
Published: June 2022

Harnessing the potential of optogenetics in biology requires methodologies from different disciplines ranging from biology, to mechatronics engineering, to control engineering. Light stimulation of a synthetic optogenetic construct in a given biological species can only be achieved via a suitable light stimulation platform. Emerging optogenetic applications entail a consistent, reproducible, and regulated delivery of light adapted to the application requirement. In this review, we explore the evolution of light-induction hardware-software platforms from simple illumination set-ups to sophisticated microscopy, microtiter plate and bioreactor designs, and discuss their respective advantages and disadvantages. Here, we examine design approaches followed in performing optogenetic experiments spanning different cell types and culture volumes, with induction capabilities ranging from single cell stimulation to entire cell culture illumination. The development of automated measurement and stimulation schemes on these platforms has enabled researchers to implement various in silico feedback control strategies to achieve computer-controlled living systems—a theme we briefly discuss in the last part of this review.