bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dilated cardiomyopathy and pregnancy outcome: a case report
Authors: Jimo Kanili , Liegise Avitso , Moses Adahru , Jamir Bendangtoshi , Momin Rebeki , Thapa Vivek
Published: May 2022

Cardiomyopathy is a group of diseases that affect the heart muscle. Dilated cardiomyopathy, a form of cardiomyopathy, is characterised by ventricular chamber enlargement and contractile dysfunction, and has recurrences in subsequent pregnancies. Pregnancy by itself is associated with significant hemodynamic burden and cardiovascular changes, which when coupled with dilated cardiomyopathy results in increased morbidity and mortality in both mother and child. Management of such a condition presents serious therapeutic challenge to a multidisciplinary team. Here, we report a case of a 36-year-old woman primigravida with gestational age of 11 weeks, known case of dilated cardiomyopathy. Despite the risks and associated complications with the disease, she continued her pregnancy. Patient was managed by a team of obstetrician, cardiologist and anaesthesiologist and underwent caesarean section giving birth to a live baby. The aim of this article is to provide guidance on how to manage a patient with dilated cardiomyopathy throughout her pregnancy. Early diagnosis of heart disease, regular antenatal check-ups, institutional delivery and multidisciplinary approach can reduce the maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.
Novel methods in diagnosis of endometriosis in future
Authors: Devi T. Ramani , Kadalmani Balamuthu , Devi C. Anchana
Published: May 2022

Endometriosis causes severe pain and infertility affecting quality of life. According to ASRM it is a chronic inflammatory disease that requires life-long management plan and surgery has to be restricted only once in the life time of the patient. Earlier, the diagnosis of endometriosis was confirmed by surgical method and histo-pathological examination. There is often a diagnostic delay up to 7 years or even beyond, which will affect the patients getting earlier treatment. Recently, lot of non-invasive techniques for diagnosis of endometriosis have come into vogue so that, treatment can be planned without surgical diagnosis. Apart from imaging through USG, CT or MRI, earlier lesions can be picked up by biomarkers like IL-6, IL-8, CA 125, HE4, neutrophil-lymphocytic ratio, Hs-CRP, Tumour necrosis alpha and mi RNA, neural elements in endometrium, glyco-proteins like CA-125, CA-19.9, CA-15.3, CA-73, AFP and CEA. Urocortin, activin and follistatin are growth factors and VEGF, TNF-alpha, NK cells, i-SCAM-I, MCP-1 are immunologic markers for diagnosis of endometriosis. Circulating endometrial cells are also present in the peripheral blood of patients. miRNA in endometriosis is found to be a potential biomarker in the recent years and also associated with altered vaginal microbiome. There has been up-regulation and down-regulation of certain miRNAs in endometriosis patients. In patients with symptoms of endometriosis, miRNA study in peripheral blood can be used as a biomarker for confirmation of diagnosis. There is a strong association between mitochondrial DNA variation and endometriosis which is found to be rational biomarkers.
Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and mini-thoracotomy compared to conventional thoracotomy in the surgical management of pulmonary hydatid cyst
Authors: Al-Madhhachi Bahaa Abdul Razzaq , Fahad Ahmed Muhi , Ibrahim Osamah Obaid
Published: May 2022

Background: Although hydatid cyst disease is not common in western countries, it is a public health issue in the Middle East, including Iraq. We describe a new method in the surgical management of the disease. Aim of the study was to evaluate the outcomes of different surgical approaches: video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), mini-thoracotomy, and conventional thoracotomy in managing pulmonary hydatid cysts.Methods: Retrospective analysis of the surgical treatment of pulmonary hydatid cysts between January 2017 and December 2021 in two centers. Patients' data regarding the age, sex, sign and symptoms, cyst size and location, surgical approach, operative time, the intraoperative bleeding, chest drainage, hospitalization time, and postoperative complications.Results: A total of 122 patients were included in the study; 9 underwent VATS, 59 underwent mini-thoracotomy, and 54 had conventional thoracotomy. The VATS and mini-thoracotomy has superiority to the thoracotomy group in terms of lower duration of operation, less perioperative bleeding, early chest tube removal, and lower hospitalization time.Conclusions: VATS and mini-thoracotomy are safe and advantageous procedures compared to conventional thoracotomy.
Clinico-pathological study of cervical lymph nodes in children using ultrasound scan and FNAC: a hospital-based study
Authors: Ramana Reddy G. V. , Mallikharjuna Reddy M. , Reddy Mittakanti Jawali , Prashanth Dussa
Published: May 2022

Background: Cervical lymphadenopathy is one of the commonest clinical diagnostic dilemmas in children. The diagnosis plays key role in the management of cervical lymphadenopathy. Various methods of diagnosis include non-invasive and invasive procedures. Ultrasonography is a non-invasive readily available investigation for evaluation of cervical lymph nodes. One of the most reliable, less expensive diagnostic procedure is fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC).Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 150 children in SVS Medical College Hospital, Mahabubnagar   between January 2017 and January 2020. Ultrasonography followed by FNAC of lymph node was done in all children. Microsoft office excel software used for the data analysis. Sample size was calculated with 85% confidence level and 5% margin of error.Results: Out of 150 patients 79 were non-specific reactive lymphadenitis. 54 were granulomatous lymphadenitis.15 were lymphomas. 2 were malignant.Conclusions: Both ultrasonography and FNAC are very useful tools in the evaluation of cervical lymphadenopathy in children.
Reliableness of Telegram between different evaluators in emergency general surgery practice
Authors: Chaudhari Sandipkumar , Patel Jimitkumar , Talvelkar Ajay , Pancholi Nayan , Bagwan Latif
Published: May 2022

Background: 'Telegram' is a popularly used social media application in routine clinical practice, often for communication between a resident doctor and a consultant. The purpose of this study is to establish the reliableness of the data transmitted through telegram to validate its use in general surgery practice.Methods: Clinical findings and computerized tomographic (CT) images of 180 patients visiting the trauma center and emergency department were posted in a closed Telegram group involving three consultants (SSC, NBP, and LSB). The CT images were posted in the Telegram group as complete picture (CP) and picture of interest (POI) format and rated on a scale of 1-5. The consultants formulated a temporary diagnosis and initial management plan. The reliableness between different evaluators of these feedbacks was analyzed in our study.Results: Mean CP rating ranged from 3.03±0.61 to 3.73±0.64 [Cronbach alfa (α)-0.494, p=0.006]. Mean POI rating ranged from 3.4±0.56 to 4.13±0.73 (α-0.824, p<0.0001). For diagnosis, the proportion of observed agreement (P0) was 83.3% for SSC and NP, 76.6% for SSC and LB, and 73.3% for NBP and LSB. For management, P0 was 86.6% for NBP and LSB, 86.6% for SSC and NBP, and 80% for SSC and LSB.Conclusions: Telegram messenger serves to transmit good quality pictures of CT scan images. A reasonable diagnosis and management strategy can be formulated using this app with a fair reliableness between different evaluators.
A clinico-pathological study of benign breast disease at tertiary care centre
Authors: Modhia Dishank , Agarwal Sanjeev , Yadav Pawan , Joshi Arpit
Published: May 2022

Background: Benign breast diseases are 10 times more common than breast cancer in developed countries. It deserves attention because of their high incidence, their impact on women's life and due to cancerous potential of some histological types. The aim of the study was to evaluate the overall spectrum in relation to age, sex and clinical presentation in a Tertiary care centre. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate and correlate the role of FNAC and histopathological report with clinical examination for differentiating benign and malignant lesion. The secondary objective of this study was to evaluate and correlate the clinico-radiological presentation of the benign breast diseases.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary care centre where total of 64 patients were taken. Detailed clinical history and examination was done and then compared to histopathological, FNAC, and radiological results.Results: Out of the 61 female patients fibroadenoma was found most common followed by fibrocystic disease and breast abscess. Most common age group was found to be 2nd decade of females having firm, painless swelling as their chief complaints. Accuracy of HPE, radiological and FNAC results were compared with clinical diagnosis.Conclusions: Benign breast diseases are common among young females. Triple assessment is a gold standard approach to breast disease management.
Diathermy smoke induced asthmatic attack during transurethral resection of prostate
Authors: Omodu Ovunda Jack , George Abiye Felix
Published: May 2022

The use of diathermy and other electrosurgical devices have become an indispensible and integral part of modern surgical practice. This revolutionary benefit to surgery have been associated with the release of toxic agents that represents a potential health risk. A 79 year old who had an asthmatic attack during transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) on account of benign prostate enlargement. He was a known asthmatic, incidence of attacks had become infrequent over the years, and the last asthmatic attack was over 10 years ago. Triggers for attacks were strong smell, smoke and dusty environment. He had no other systemic disease of note. The procedure was done under subarachnoid block. Thirty minutes into the procedure, he was noticed to have difficulty in breathing and coughing, there was tachycardia and elevated blood pressure. The patient oxygen saturation was between 88-92% on room air, chest auscultation revealed a wide spread rhonchi. Oxygen via a non-rebreather face mask with reservoir bag at 10L/min was commenced and intravenous hydrocortisone 200mg was given. Forty minutes into the procedure, patient’s condition did not improve. Procedure was discontinued and patient moved to the ward, patient was nebulized, intravenous aminophylline 250 mg given slowly, with repeated nebulization and continued oxygenation, patient condition improved. An immediate postoperative serum electrolyte, urea and creatinine done showed normal values to rule out TURP syndrome.
Peritonitis secondary to infected urachal sinus with complicated umbilical hernia
Authors: S. Ravi , R. I. Divya
Published: May 2022

An umbilical hernia is a protrusion of an intra-abdominal organ fully or part of it from an umbilical opening. Umbilical hernia is a common problem encountered in surgical out-patient departments. The urachus is an embryonic tube that connects the upper portion of the bladder to the umbilicus. The urachal canal normally obliterates and forms the median umbilical ligament. When this process fails, four different embryological abnormalities can result: urachal sinus, patent urachus, urachal cyst, vesicourachal diverticulum. The association of urachal sinus and hernia is rare. We present one such case of a 49 year old patient with peritonitis secondary to infected urachal sinus with complicated umbilical hernia.
Cerebellopontine angle tumour in a case of metastatic carcinoma breast: a diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Kaur Avneet , Kharkwal Suman , Sarkar Sushanta , Kalra Pawan
Published: May 2022

Tumours of the cerebellopontine angle are mostly vestibular schwannomas with metastasis being a rare diagnosis. But, metastasis if present, are usually from a breast or a lung primary. We presented a case of a 67 year old postmenopausal lady with luminal. A carcinoma left breast who developed a recurrence on aromatase inhibitor with bone metastasis. She also presented with a cerebellopontine angle tumour which, because of its unusual presentation, presence of a recurrent breast disease with metastasis and mutation testing, raised the suspicion of a brain metastasis but was finally confirmed to be a vestibular schwannoma by histopathology.
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans of perianal region: a rare case report
Authors: Shanmugam Subbiah , Bharath Radha Siva
Published: May 2022

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare locally aggressive slow growing soft tissue sarcoma with very low metastatic potential with high local recurrence rates. We presented a rare case of DFSP of left perianal region ulcerating into anal canal, we did wide excision with 3 cm margin along with abdominoperineal excision of rectum and permanent colostomy, defect is reconstructed with left pedicled antero-lateral thigh flap. DFSP has high chance of recurrence, it should be excised with at least 2-3 cm 3D margin and patient should be followed up for a long time.
Spontaneous rupture of the urinary bladder: can COVID predispose?
Authors: Kulkarni Shrirang V. , Pandey Alok K.
Published: May 2022

The urogenital tract is a rare source of pneumoperitoneum in peritonitis. Spontaneous rupture of the urinary bladder (SRUB) as a cause is rarer. Preceding severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection predisposing to such eventuality is unprecedented. Experience with such a singular case is presented and discussed.
Childhood epilepsy: a study of etiological and prognostic factors for failure of remission at a tertiary care government hospital, a prospective COHORT study
Authors: Nathaniel Pinto , Annely D’Lima , Jessica Pinto , Maria P. Silveira
Published: May 2022

Background: This study was carried out to identify early predictive factors of medically intractable childhood epilepsy. We also aimed to explore the prognosis in terms of remission with anti-epileptic drug (AED) treatment and to identify the predictors of poor prognosis (failure of remission) in relation to the control of epilepsy.Methods: Children with epilepsy were included. Information recorded at the time of the first visit: age, gender, age at onset of epilepsy, patient history, AED treatment and Seizure control. Details of general and neurological examination were also recorded. These patients were then followed up over a one-year period to assess for remission and patient compliance with medication.Results: A total of 239 patients between the ages of 1 month and 12 years were diagnosed with epilepsy according to the International league against epilepsy (ILAE) classification. Of these 213 patients followed up. Among these, 126 (59.1%) patients attained remission while 87 (40.8%) patients failed to attain remission. Age of onset less than 1 year, microcephaly, developmental delay at diagnosis, a definite etiology, infantile spasms, structural abnormality detected on neuroimaging, abnormal electro-encephalography (EEG) and the requirement for polytherapy to achieve seizure control were found to be associated with a poor prognosis (failure of remission).Conclusions: The poor prognostic factors for childhood epilepsy at diagnosis are age of onset <1 year, microcephaly, infantile spasms, structural abnormality on neuroimaging and abnormal EEG. At follow up patients requiring an add-on AED to pre-existing treatment regimen is associated with a lesser likelihood of achieving remission.
Clinico-aetiological profile and outcome in children with acute febrile encephalopathy
Authors: Singh Divya , Bamnawat Subhash
Published: May 2022

Background: Acute febrile encephalopathy (AFE) is a medical emergency as well as diagnostic and therapeutic challenge in children. Objective of this study was to assess clinico-aetiological profile and outcome in children with AFE.Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out at tertiary care hospital Udaipur, from January 2020 to July 2021. Total 61 children aged 1 month to 18 years who were admitted in PICU with fever ≤2 weeks duration and altered sensorium either at onset or following fever were enrolled. Patient’s detailed history and physical examination including detailed neurological examinations were recorded on pre-structured performa. The investigations included CBC with PBF, ESR, malarial parasite, dengue, scrub typhus, typhi-dot, blood sugar, KFT, electrolytes, LFT, calcium, CSF examination, urine examination, X-ray chest. ABG, serum ammonia, blood culture for bacteriological studies and CT/MRI brain were performed whenever required.Results: 61 patients were admitted with fever and loss of sensorium. The most common clinical sign was the pallor (63.9%) and vomiting (55.7%) was the most common clinical symptom. Cerebral malaria was the commonest cause (31.1%) of AFE followed by suspected viral encephalitis (14.7%) and pyogenic meningitis 9 (14.7%). Out of total 61 patients, 45 (73.8%) patients were discharged and 16 (26.2%) patients were expired. Maximum mortalities were seen in Reye’s syndrome (5 out of 6 cases) and was most in age group <5 years of age (26 cases).Conclusions: Cerebral malaria was the leading cause of AFE followed by suspected viral encephalitis and pyogenic meningitis. While determining the aetiology of AFE in a malarial endemic area, cerebral malaria should be considered in all patients. Reye’s syndrome should also be considered in patients of AFE should be evaluated to diagnose or rule out this entity.
Sex differences according to ethnic presentation in carotid body tumors: a systematic literature review
Authors: Luna-Ortiz Kuauhyama , Reynoso-Noverón Nancy , Herrera-Ponzanelli Cesar , Favila-Lira Saul , Luna-Peteuil Zelik , Herrera-Gomez Angel , Gacia-Ortega Dorian Y.
Published: May 2022

Compare through a systematic literature review, the sex distribution of patients with carotid body tumors in Mexico and Latin America with the rest of the world. The eligibility criteria included retrospective cohort studies of more than 15 patients with a diagnosis of carotid body tumor (regardless of Shamblin's classification or clinical manifestations), which also reported the number of women and men affected, as well as their mean age. We divided the countries where the studies were conducted into regions (Latin America, USA, and Europe/Asia). The sex ratio difference between regions was calculated using a chi-square test. A p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Thirty-eight studies met the eligibility criteria. Latin America had 1,345 cases, the United States had 808, and Europe/Asia had 672. Mexico had the most cases (1125), followed by the United States. The rest of the countries had less than 30 cases each. We found a statistically significant differences when we compared Latin American countries with the United States and Europe/ Asia (p<0.001). However, the most significant difference was observed when we compared Mexico with the United States, Europe/Asia, and other Latin American countries. When comparing other Latin American countries with Europe/Asia, we found a statistical difference (p=0.01); however, there was no statistical difference (p=0.05) when we compared other Latin American countries with the United States. Mexico has the highest number of reported cases of carotid body tumors in the world. Women account for 90% of cases.
Iatrogenic seeding of cholesteatoma in rare planes
Authors: Todd Cameron , Downs Brian , Gandolfi Michele
Published: May 2022

A cholesteatoma is a cystic lesion of keratinizing stratified squamous epithelium commonly found in the middle ear space. Acquired cholesteatomas are often caused by seeding of squamous epithelium into the middle ear space during surgery. We present a 29-year-old male who had a left tympanomastoidectomy and then staged second look with ossicular chain reconstruction for cholesteatoma 6 years prior to presenting with a left pre and post-auricular mass measuring 8.2×2.9×6 cm. He underwent combined surgical excision with facial plastic surgery and neuro-otology. He was found to have cholesteatoma extending from a defect in the mastoid cavity into the pre-auricular and post-auricular soft tissue. This was felt to be recurrent disease seeded from his initial surgery. To our knowledge, we present the largest iatrogenic cholesteatoma reported in the literature. It had explosive growth in a relatively short time period with extension into an unusual location due to presumed iatrogenic causes. Our case highlights the potential to seed cholesteatoma in previously disease-free areas when performing cholesteatoma surgery. It also demonstrates the aggressive nature of pediatric cholesteatomas, and is in line with the literature in that regard. The case enforces the extreme care that needs to be taken when performing cholesteatoma surgery to ensure that disease is not introduced in areas of the head and neck. It also stresses the importance of close, long term follow up for pediatric cholesteatoma given the potential for aggressive reoccurrence and growth.
Investigation of Dynamic Factors in Different Sections of HVC by Static and Free Vibration Modal Analysis
Authors: Agarwal Abhishek , Mthembu Linda
Published: May 2022

One of the essential purposes of the automotive chassis is to maintain the vehicle's shape and bear the various loads applied to the vehicle. When a heavy-duty vehicle, e.g., a truck, travels on the road, the chassis is subject to vibrations produced by surface roughness and excitation due to the vibration of body parts. The present study aims to design, model, and perform a static structural & vibrational modal analysis on a commercial vehicle (Truck) chassis considering both conventional Structural steel and P100/6061 Al Metal Metrix Composite (MMC) using ANSYS CFX to determine the strength of chassis with transverse sections. Free vibrational modal analysis determines the mass participation factor and resonance frequency for square section and C section, respectively, for both materials using the finite element technique. It was observed that the use of the C section causes an increase in deformation for all the natural frequencies, which is not preferred. The high mass participation factor along the x-direction signifies that any external excitation along this direction would likely cause resonance and amplitude build-up. The C section profile of the chassis shows 1.69% higher deformation than the square section in both cases; hence it is not desirable for the design.
Cultural Context of Education: Russia and China
Authors:   Saratov State University, Ruchin V. A.
Published: May 2022

Culture represents a social phenomenon if we regard it from the point of its material and spiritual values, and education is a dedicated social sphere of ideal existence, related to the subject. Within its own history, education develops in such a direction and in such a force as it has the intention defining the message, aim, reflexive intentional orientation at this aspect. It is education that may reveal intentionality of consciousness: to single out the acts of thinking and their content. In other words, a man’s life starts to be grounded on new purposes, and only within this purpose - on possible aims and methods of thinking. In this situation, there happens transit from simple teaching “something” to education, not only from the point of its practical purposes, but from the point of a definite idea. Hence the transcedental meaning of education appears. It is the initial idea that fills with content and some supernatural meaning and purpose crosscultural educational context of Russia and China.
Randomness in Natural Science
Authors:   Saratov State University, Samoilova O. A.
Published: May 2022

The article gives brief review of concepts of category of randomness, represented in natural science on three stages of scientific cognition – classical, non-classical and post-non-classical. Ontology and epistemology provide the context of philosophical comprehension of the problem. Author analyzes the problem of randomness in view of methodological bases of science on every stage, adverts to the greatest scientific discoveries in natural science of past centuries and shows the transformation of ontological status of randomness with the advent of quantum physics and synergetic research in the area of complex open nonlinear non-equilibrium systems.
Development of Creative Abilities of the Future of the Journalist in the Process of Professional Preparation
Authors:   Classic Рrivate University, Dyachenko М. D.
Published: May 2022

The article is devoted to the problem of development of creative abilities of the future of the journalist in the process of professional preparation, the activation of its creative potential as a factor of personal and professional self-development of the student. A special emphasis on the theoretical ideas about the essence and the structure of the creative potential of the person of the journalist as a complex, multifaceted concept, which combines the personal reserve of the capacity and capabilities. Creativity is represented as a system phenomenon, a set of interrelated elements: capacity, the creative process, the degree of individual development of creative abilities, qualities, and providing creative activity of future journalists.
Las múltiples caras de la violencia: ¿cómo abordarlas?
Authors: Golovátina-Mora Polina
Published: May 2022

“Tal vez simplemente detengamos la matanza”, propone un personaje blogero en la película Free Guy (Levy, 2021) sobre las dinámicas de los juegos de video. Pensemos por un momento sobre las películas de los superhéroes. El guion se de- sarrolla alrededor de un héroe que salva al mundo. Las víctimas colaterales son los personajes no jugadores (PNJ), quienes convierten el juego (y, por ende, el guion) en algo más real, más épico. Los PNJ no tienen agencia, pero ¿qué podemos decir sobre el héroe? ¿Este sí tiene agencia propia? Podemos hablar sobre el weapon gaze, la “mirada del arma”, la cual, por analogía con la mirada masculina (Mulvey, 2009), define el significado del protagonista. No necesariamente hablamos sobre un arma física, sino de la capacidad de destruir, como nos lo recuerda el famoso aforismo, “Si vis pacem, para bellum”.
Comparison of Polyacrylonitrile-and Polypyrrole-based Electrochemical Sensors for Detection of Propamocarb in Food Samples
Authors: KARAKUŞ Selcan , TASALTIN Cihat , GÜROL İlke , AKKURT Barbaros , BAYTEMİR Gülsen , TAŞALTIN Nevin
Published: May 2022

Food safety is a crucial issue; all countries have struggled against pesticides for years. In this study, Polypyrrole (PPy)- and Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based non-enzymatic electrochemical sensors were investigated to detect the pesticide propamocarb (PM) in food samples. Under the experimental conditions, the proposed strategy exhibited a high selectivity of the disposable PPy-based and PAN-based sensors for the determination of propamocarb pesticide in the concentration of 1 μM with a rapid detection within 1 min at pH 7.4 and 25 °C. We demonstrated the detection of PM residues on cucumber and tomato samples with good electrochemical performances towards the real-time usability on real food samples. PAN-based non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor has good sensitivity, higher selectivity, and stability than PPy-based non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor. The prepared PAN-based non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor is a potential candidate to be used in devices which perform food safety in agricultural products.
Evaluation of Acetyl- and Butyrylcholinesterase Enzyme Inhibitory Activities and Cytotoxic Activities of Anthraquinone Derivatives
Authors: OZKOK Funda , BOĞA Mehmet , TUNEG Muhammed , ENİSOĞLU ATALAY Vildan , ONUL Nihal , ASGAROVA Kamala , TIĞLI Rabia , ARSLAN Sıla , AKAGÜNDÜZ Dilan , CEBECİOĞLU Rumeysa , ÇATAL Tunç
Published: May 2022

In this study, the enzyme activity of anthraquinone compounds which were synthesized beforehand by our research group was investigated. Molecular docking studies were performed for compounds 1-(4-aminophenylthio)anthracene-9,10-dione (3) and 1-(4-chlorophenylthio)anthracene-9,10-dione (5). Compound 3 was synthesized from the reaction of 1-chloroanthraquinone (1) and 4-aminothiophenol (2). Compound 5 was synthesized (1) from the reaction of 1-chloroanthraquinone (1) and 4-chlorothiophenol (4). Anthraquinone analogs (3, 5) were synthesized with a new reaction method made by our research group (2). Inhibitory effects of compounds 3 and 5 were investigated against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) enzymes which are related to Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Compounds 3 and 5 exhibited strong anti-acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterase inhibition activities than galanthamine used as standard compound (92.11±1.08 and 80.95±1.77 %, respectively). The EHOMO-ELUMO values, molecular descriptors, and the calculated UV-Vis spectra of anthraquinone derivatives were computed by B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p) levels in the CHCl3 phase. Based on the fluorescence property of the anthraquinone skeleton, the fluorescence activity of the bioactive anthraquinone analogue (5) was investigated. MTT test was performed to determine the cytotoxic effects of thioanthraquinone molecules 3 and 5. In MTT analyses, 3 compounds showed the highest effect against Ishikawa cells at a dose of 10 µg/mL, while compound 5 showed the highest effect at a dose of 50 µg/mL. The cell viability for compound 3 was 84.18% for 10 µg/mL and the cell viability for compound 5 was 75.02% for 50 µg/mL.
Intertekstualność polskich mediów internetowych
Authors: Zazuliak Yuliia
Published: May 2022

The article is focused especially on the analysis of the conception of intertextuality and its variability and on the issues concerning the precedent text. The aim of the article is to research and to describe the ways of inserting intertextemes into the texts of media, methods of their labeling and transformation. The article also attempts to describe and to classify examples taken from the selected texts.
Sonet jako aplikacja internetowa. Twórcza kontynuacja czy degradacja gatunku?
Authors: Guty Zuzanna
Published: May 2022

The author argues that the tip appearing in the title affects to the interpretation of the liryc in the context of its tradition. She notes its presence in the web applications: Sonet nieustający (L. Onak) and Sonetada (J. S. Skorupski). The researcher describes the operation of the text on the Internet, referring also to the tradition of the genre. The author points out that Onak’s experiments are connected with the phenomenon of performance. What is more, she convinces that it could not be classified as part of the classic tradition, but just as web applications.
„Życie długie i szczęśliwe właśnie dobiegło końca” – renarracje baśni w grze „American McGee’s Grimm”
Authors: Kowalczyk Kamila
Published: May 2022

The article presents selected procedures for transforming individual elements of traditional fairy tales (characters, plots, aesthetics, axiology) and their desirability as illustrated by the example of a computer game “American McGee’s Grimm”. The author presents the functioning of a fairy tale within popular culture, taking into account the phenomenon of fairytale industry. It also highlights the fact of using fairy tales as material for narration at the level of different media, which results from its roots in the popular imagination and the final fairy tale pattern recognition by the public. The analysis of the three episodes transforming canonical tales (“Little Red Riding Hood”, “Snow White”, “Cinderella”) leads to some conclusions of the functional mechanisms of postmodern fairy tales.
Nowe Media – nowy hiszpański
Authors: Urbaniak Ewa
Published: May 2022

Throughout the years the new media have had a remarkable influence on the Spanish language. Many of the changes that Spanish have suffered are similar to the ones that have appeared in other languages. On the other hand, there is also a wide range of processes that are typical for Spanish. In the article some of the characteristic features of the new Spanish are presented as well as their possible influence on the future normative version of Spanish.
​Process of SHG, VO and MS Group Formation and their Norms in Warangal District of Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Niwas Ram , Sharma Charu , Sharma Sunil Kumar
Published: May 2022

The objective of this paper is to see the process of SHG, VO (Village Organization) and MS (Mandal Samakhaya) formation and their norms which strongly promoting women’s empowerment in the Andhra Pradesh. For said purpose Information’s were collected through personally interaction with the members of SHG in Village Organization Meeting (VO Meeting) during five days exposer visit (25 Nov to 30 Nov, 2013) which was supervised by National Institute of Rural Development (NIRD), Hyderabad (A.P.) Staff members on the recommendation of Deendayal Upadhyaya State Institute of Rural Development, Lucknow (U.P.). Result can be concluded in terms of the SHG formation, VO and MS and their rules for the women empowerment in Warangal district is fully transparent and empowered the rural women at each stage.
Effects of Feed Restriction and Fermented Potato Protein Supplementation on IGF1, GHR and Kiss1 mRNA Expression in Intact Nursery Gilts
Authors: Krasaesub S. , Sukmak M. , Intaravichai P. , Boodde O. , Thanantong N. , Sajapitak S.
Published: May 2022

Background: Decreased feed intake is a common stress response presented after weaning that leads to a negative effect on performances. Health management and feed supplementation were commonly used to solve such problems. The objectives of this research were to study the effects of nutritional stress and the benefit of fermented potato protein supplementation in intact nursery gilts. Methods: Prepubertal nursery gilts were assigned into the following feed treatments for 30 days: 1) normal feed, 2) normal feed with fermented potato protein (FPP) supplementation, 3) restricted feed which received 60% amount of normal feed and 4) restricted feed with FPP supplementation. Result: Serum IGF-1 and IGF1 mRNA expression of semitendinosus muscle were significantly increased by FPP supplementation (P less than 0.05). All pig groups showed no different on serum cortisol and hypothalamic Kiss1 mRNA expression levels. The degree of feed restriction was suggested to be an important determinant of response of serum IGF-1, cortisol and hypothalamic Kiss1 mRNA expression. In this study, an elevated serum IGF-1 concentration correlated with IGF1 mRNA upregulation in a muscle rather than in a liver.
The Likely Fiscal and Public Health Effects of an Excise Tax on Sugar sweetened Beverages in Kenya
Authors: van Walbeek Corné , Mthembu Senzo
Published: May 2022

Historically, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have typically been associated with tobacco and alcohol use. However, in recent decades increased levels of overweightness and obesity, mostly caused by poor eating habits and a sedentary lifestyle, have increased diabetes, cancers, and cardiovascular diseases. There is a general agreement that sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) are bad for one’s health. As such, measures to reduce their consumption would be expected to positively impact population health. In this working paper, we develop and report on an Excel-based model, in which we simulate the impact of an SSB tax on the prevalence of overweightness and obesity. The model starts with a baseline scenario, which takes cognisance that a 10 KES specific tax already exists on all soft drinks. A sugar-based SSB tax is then introduced. The tax is levied as an amount per gram of sugar, with or without a tax-free threshold. Other than reducing the demand for SSBs, a sugar-based SSB also creates strong incentives for manufacturers to reformulate their products to reduce the sugar content. The model predicts that the average BMI would decrease across all age groups decreasing the prevalence of overweightness and obesity. The magnitude of the decrease in the prevalence of overweightness and obesity depends on the size of the SSB tax. For realistic and politically feasible values of the SSB tax, the prevalence of overweightness and obesity is expected to decrease by between 5 per cent and 10 per cent. Should Kenya implement a sugar-based tax on SSBs, over and above the current excise tax on soft drinks, the government should clarify that such a tax aims to enhance public health; raising additional revenue should be a secondary consideration. Also, implementing a sugar based SSB tax should be part of a more comprehensive strategy to reduce overweightness and obesity, because by itself the impact of the tax is modest.
10 Ways Local Governments in Multicultural Urban Settings can Support Vaccine Equity in Pandemics
Authors: Ripoll Santiago , Hrynick Tabitha , Ouvrier Ashley , Schmidt-Sane Megan , Federici Federico Marco , Storer Elizabeth
Published: May 2022

At national and aggregate levels, COVID-19 vaccination across G7 countries appears successful. To date, 79.4% of the total population of G7 countries have received a first dose, 72.9% a second, and 45.4% a booster shot (28th April 2022 data). In France, 80.6% of the total population has had a first dose, 78.2 % have had two doses, and 55.4% have had their booster jabs (28th of April 2022 data). In the UK, 79.3% of the total population has received one dose, 74.1% a second one, and 58.5% have received a booster. In Italy, 85.2% of the total population has had a first dose, 80.4% have had two doses, and 66.5% have had their booster jabs (28th of April 2022 data). These figures indicate enthusiasm across G7 countries for COVID-19 vaccines. Yet high overall vaccination rates at the national level, disguise significant in-country disparities. For example, by the end of 2021, less than 50% of residents of the Northern Districts of Marseille were vaccinated, compared with over 70% in wealthier neighbourhoods. In the Ealing borough of Northwest London, 70% of the eligible population has had a first dose – which is almost 10% percent below the national average (4th of April 2022 data). Disparities are also seen in other urban metropolises across the G7. This brief investigates these disparities through the lens of “vaccine (in)equity”, focusing on the role of local actors. It builds on ethnographic and qualitative research carried out in the Northern Districts of Marseille and ongoing research engagement around vaccine equity in Ealing (Northwest London), as well as qualitative research carried out in Italy among networks of healthcare providers, intercultural mediators, and civil society organizations that collaborated during the COVID-19 campaign in the Emilia Romagna region and in Rome. This brief is based on research conducted between October and December 2021 in Marseille and ongoing engagement in Ealing which started in May 2021. It identified how local governments, health actors, community groups and residents play key roles in shaping vaccine (in)equity. This brief was developed for SSHAP by Santiago Ripoll (IDS), Tabitha Hrynick (IDS), Ashley Ouvrier (LaSSA), Megan Schmidt-Sane (IDS), Federico Federici (UCL) and Elizabeth Storer (LSE). It was reviewed by Eloisa Franchi (Università degli Studi di Pavia) and Ellen Schwartz (Hackney Council Public Health). The research was funded through the British Academy COVID-19 Recovery: G7 Fund (COVG7210038). Research was based at the Institute of Development Studies (IDS), University of Susssex, and the Laboratoire de Sciences Sociales Appliquées (LaSSA). The brief is the responsibility of SSHAP.
Iron deficiency screening with content hemoglobin reticulocyte (chr) in children aged 6 months to 5 years
Authors: Pramantik Dea Noviana , Ratnaningsih Tri , Mulyono Budi
Published: May 2022

Anemia is a major health problem around the world and iron deficiency is the major cause. In children under 5 years old iron deficiency cause disruption in their growth and development. For that reasons iron deficiency in children should be detected as early as possible. The gold standard for the detection of iron deficiency is hemosiderin examination from bone marrow aspiration, but this examination is invasive and difficult to implement. Ferritin is often used to detect iron deficiency but it has various limitations. Reticulocyte hemoglobin content (CHr) was introduced as a new parameter for the identification of iron deficiency. This parameter measures the levels of hemoglobin in the reticulocyteswhich is newly released from bone marrow and expected to reflect the actualconditions in the bone marrow, therefore it can detect early iron deficiency. It is expected that CHr can identify iron deficiency with cheaper, easy, and applicative method. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic performance of CHr in screening of iron deficiency in children aged 6 months to 5 years old. The present study was a cross sectional study to determine the diagnostic performance of CHr and use ferritin as gold standard. The subjects of this study were healthy children aged 6 months-5 years old taken from Posyandu in Yogyakarta district and previously had obtained the consent of their parent/guardian. The CHr examination used a flowcytometry method by Advia120 Hematology Analyzer. The ferritin examination used an electrochemiluminescens method with Elecsys 1010. ROC curve analysis was performed using SPSS version 17. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy, and likelihood ratio were calculated using a 2x2 TABLE. Youden’s index was used to choose the proper cutoff level of CHr for diagnosing iron deficiency. The study was conducted on 104 subjects. Cutoff level of CHr was ≤27.65 pg and the sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic accuracy, positive, and negative predictive values were 91.7%,78.3%, 79.8%, 35.4%, 98.63% respectively. Positive and negative results of likelihood ratios were 4.21 and 0.1. CHr is expected to be used to screen iron deficiencyin children under 5 years old.
Association between the level of high-sensitivity troponin I (Hs-Trop I) and major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with acute myocardial infarction of segment elevation (STEMI) with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)
Authors: Daniel Daniel , Saputra Firandi , Bagaswoto Hendry Purnasidha , Setianto Budi Yuli
Published: May 2022

ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a condition which increases the risk of developing major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). For patients with STEMI, an efficient method of risk stratification is necessary in order to evaluate the clinical outcome. Troponin has been commonly used in the diagnosis of both STEMI and NSTEMI. The use of high sensitivity assays of troponin has been extensively studied in order to measure the size of myocardial damage caused by STEMI. This study aimed to investigate the association between the level of high sensitivity troponin I (Hs-Trop I) and the incidence of MACEs in patients with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. It was a cross-sectional observational analytic study involving a total of 195 patients. Data were obtained from both the SCIENCE (Sardjito Cardiovascular Intensive Care) registry and the medical record of Dr. Sardjito General Hospital. Pearson’s Chi square test to evaluate the association between variables was applied. To determine the effect of confounding variables, a multivariate analysis was used. A significant difference in the baseline characteristics between the supramedian and inframedian Hs-Trop I groups (cutoff value of 2063.8 ng/mL) in age, onset, total ischemic time, wire crossing time and the smoking history of both groups was observed. Bivariate analysis showed a significant associations between Hs-Trop I and MACEs (p = 0.033), acute heart failure (p = 0.009) as well as mortality (p = 0.024). Meanwhile, no significant association between Hs-Trop I and cardiogenic shock (p = 0.977) and malignant arrythmia (p = 0.551) was reported. Furthermore, multivariate analysis showed Hs-Trop I, age and wire crossing time were significantly associated with the incidence of MACEs (p = 0.045). In conclusion, there is a significant association between the Hs-Trop I levels and the MACEs events in STEMI patients with primary PCI in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
The type of androgenetic alopecia and quality of life (QoL) in male patients
Authors: Nasution Khairina , Pradigo Raynald , Chandra Rudi
Published: May 2022

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a nonscarring baldness that mostly affects >50% men worldwide. Hair loss led to psychological difficulties and have a negative impact on the quality of life (QoL). This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the type of AGA and QoL in male patients. A total of 67 male AGA patients were clinically assessed using the Hamilton-Norwood scale and interviewed using the Hair-Specific Skindex-29 scale to assess QoL. The patients were predominantly in the age group 31-50 years (50.7%), mean age 49.60 years, grade I obese (32.8%), mean BMI 24.93 kg/cm2, 41.8% with father’s AGA history, smoking (62.7%), smoking >100 cigarettes in last 6 months (41.8%), and have hypertension (16.4%) and diabetes mellitus (3%) as concomitant diseases. Based on Noorwood-Hamilton scale, the types of AGA were predominantly type II (25.4%) and followed by type III (16.4%). The results of the Hair Specific Skindex-29 on AGA patients were moderate (58.2%) and severe (41.8%). There were a relationship between AGA type and QoL (p = 0.041) and significant positive correlation between AGA type and QoL (p = 0.020, r = 0.282). In conclusion, patients experienced moderate to severe impact on QoL due to AGA. Thus, every increased in the type of AGA will impact patient’s quality of life.Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a nonscarring baldness that mostly affects >50% men worldwide. Hair loss led to psychological difficulties and have a negative impact on the quality of life (QoL). This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the type of AGA and QoL in male patients. A total of 67 male AGA patients were clinically assessed using the Hamilton-Norwood scale and interviewed using the Hair-Specific Skindex-29 scale to assess QoL. The patients were predominantly <span style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family:
Sudden weakness due to thyrotoxic periodic paralysis: a case report
Authors: Pinzon Rizaldy Taslim , Wijaya Bulan Marchellia , Japanto Edwin Timoti
Published: May 2022

Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP) is a complication of hyperthyroidism. Lead to sudden hypokalemia and muscle weakness. In most cases, it is found mainly in young adult males of the Asian race. The paralysis is temporary and will return with potassium correction. There are very few cases reported in Indonesia regarding these cases of TPP. In our case, a 44-year old man complained of weakness that started later in the limbs but quickly improved. This case was diagnosed late at first, and uncorrected potassium levels led to recurrent paralysis. Laboratory test results showed severe hypokalemia (potassium level 1.81 mmol/L). The thyroxine level (T4) was 44.12 pmol/L and low serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) <0.0025 IU/mL.