bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perceptions and Satisfaction Level of Learners in Online General Education during the COVID-19 Era : A Case Study of K University
Authors: Lim Ah Young , Lee Daeyeon , Lee Heesook
Published: November 2023

This study investigated the perceptions and satisfaction level of learners regarding online general education at K University during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021. The research aimed to analyze the changes in learners' perceptions and level of satisfaction. The summarized findings of the study are as follows: First, compared to 2020, the level of overall satisfaction among students with online general education classes increased in 2021, and learners' perceptions improved. However, their satisfaction with instructors' feedback and interesting class structures remained low. Second, there was an increased intention on the part of students to enroll in online general education courses, but the intention was lower for liberal arts practicum courses. Student satisfaction with online general courses in the performing arts field was lower compared to humanities and STEM (Science, Technology, Enginerring, Mathematics) fields. Third, learners reported an improvement in their online learning environments. However, addressing the digital information gap and supporting students with disabilities require consideration. Fourth, learners preferred pre-recorded lectures, and meeting their demands through features like recording functions and additional videos in real-time video lectures was necessary. Fifth, similar to 2020, learners identified assignment burdens, difficulties in practical courses, and communication issues with instructors as disadvantages of online liberal arts education. Sixth, in both 2020 and 2021, learners recognized that instructors' delivery skills and their interest and enthusiasm in online classes were the most crucial factors in enhancing the quality of online liberal arts education. Based on these findings, implications for the future direction and improvement of online liberal arts education were proposed, along with suggestions for further research.
A Study on Self-directed Learning Experiences of Mature Students in Liberal Arts Courses at University
Authors: Kang Kyunglee , Choi Jaehyuk
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this paper is to study the self-directed learning experiences of mature students in liberal arts courses at universities. In this study, the above mentioned experiences were analyzed through focus group interviews, as a qualitative research method, targeting five mature students enrolled a B liberal arts course at university. The results of this study are as follows. First, at the time of entering university, the research showed that mature students attempted learning at university with high school friends, attempted learning at university immediately after completing high school courses, attempted learning at university as a driving force for life, and attempted learning at university for the purpose of acquiring qualifications. Second, at the time of their application for liberal arts courses, the mature students chose liberal arts courses based on the department's collective timetable and the liberal arts policy in relation to the distance education provided by the university. Third, during the liberal arts courses, the mature students learned with classmates through competition and cooperation, through effort of repetition, through joyful participation, and through empathy understanding. Fourth, at the time of evaluation of liberal arts courses, the mature students grew through a belief in themselves, through the realization of the value of learning, and through their sastifactions with life as it pertained to their communication with their families. Fifth, in the preparation period for the next semester of university, the mature students challenged themselves by auditing other university classes and by engaging in extracurricular activities. The suggestions based on the results of this study are as follows. First, it is necessary to overcome the restrictiveness and rigidity of the existing university liberal arts courses by linking them with lifelong education. Second, it is necessary to provide continuous learning opportunities for mature students through advanced programs and in-depth programs in liberal arts courses. Third, it is necessary to promote learning motivation for mature students by strengthening the relevance of university courses with the real lives of their learners, as well by strengthening the interactions of students in liberal arts courses. Fourth, it is necessary to build a learning environment in which mature students can learn autonomously.
The Goals and Realization of ‘Socio-Horticulture’ as a University Character Education
Authors: Kim Hye-Ryung
Published: November 2023

This study aims to explore the potential of a new university character education model for today's college students who are seeking an immediate transition to an ecological civilization in various aspects of their daily lives. To achieve this, it examines the background, development process, operational methods, and key educational content of the course “SHARE Community Gardening” at E-University, which is based on the concept of “socio-horticulture.” In doing so, it will not only highlight the distinctions between this course and E-University's precursor course, “SHARE Leadership,” but also differentiate it from urban agriculture courses offered at other universities. Furthermore, the study intends to provide a detailed description and analysis of the course development process, including the establishment of farming spaces and facilities, urban agriculture training for instructors, and the identification of learner needs. Additionally, it will describe the assessment methods and operational support system for the course, and introduce a curriculum for “socio-horticulture” education suitable for the four seasons in Korea. Ultimately, this research seeks to evaluate the significance and value of “socio-horticulture” as a component of university character education.
METAPHYSICAL STUDY OF MANA (HUMAN MIND) AS PROPOUNDED IN
CHARAKA SAMHITA
Authors: Ray Paul Sumana
Published: November 2023

Introduction: According to the foremost compendium of Ayurveda, Charaka Samhita, Mana or Sattva (mind) constitute Purusha - the subject matter of this Ayurveda science. Mana (mind) in association with Indriya (sen-sory organs), Atma (soul) and Sharira (physical body) constitute Ayu which is considered as span of life. Differ-ent sensory organs are capable of perceiving anything only when associated with the mind. Mana which in asso-ciation with Ahamkara (ego) and Buddhi (intellect) constitutes the basic cascade for perceiving any type of knowledge. Aims and objectives: Metaphysical analysis of the concept of Mana (human mind) as discussed in Charaka Samhita along with its various characteristics and functions. Discussions: Among the principal charac-teristics of mind Anutva (atomicity) and Ekatva (having only one existence) are considered as most important. Also, it is considered as beyond the purview of senses. The principal objects of mind are considered to be five - Chintya (things requiring thought), Vicharya (consideration), Uhyam (proposing hypothesis), Dhyeyam (emo-tional attention) and Sankalpya (determination). Indriyabhigraha (controlling the sense faculties), Swasya Nigraha (self - restraint), Uhya (proposing hypothesis) and Vicharya (consideration) represents the actions of mind. Acharya Charaka has classified mind into three distinct types: 1. Shuddha Sattva 2. Rajas Sattva and 3. Tamas Sattva - which has many sub types. All these types of minds determine the mental as well as physical behaviour of human. Conclusion: In Charaka Samhita, different aspects of human mind have been dealt with great importance. The different characteristics of mind, its different objects as well as its various functions have been thoroughly discussed and analysed in different chapters of Charaka Samhita. The metaphysical background of all these discussions can be related with the eternal thoughts of different Indian philosophical schools like Nyaya, Vaisheshika, Samkhya etc.
AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY ON ETIOPATHOGENESIS OF YAUVANA PIDAKA
(ACNE VULGARIS)
Authors: R Hegde Rashmi , B Markande Geetha , Jain Prashanth
Published: November 2023

The face is considered as an important part of the body as far as beauty and look are concerned. Teenagers are
often more self-conscious about their appearance. Yauvana Pidaka is one of the skin disorders that affects the
face and interferes with a person's psychological well-being. It is mostly seen on the faces of youngsters. This is a
Kshudra Roga.Nidana is the primary cause of manifestation for every Vyadhi, and Nidana Parivarjanais thought
to be a sort of cure. This illustrates the crucial role of the Dosha PrakopakaNidana in the beginning of sickness.
As a result, a particular questionnaire based on Dosha Prakopaka Nidana was developed in order to look into
specific Dosha Prakopaka Nidana and Samprapti. As a result of sticking to Nidana Parivarjana and thereby
practicing Pathya, one might reduce the likelihood of experiencing Vyadhi by being aware of the Dosha
Prakopaka Nidana. Though, finally it will give a proper knowledge regarding how the etiological factors of
Yauvana Pidaka in the present era can be connected to the causative factors of Yauvana Pidaka.
A RARE ANATOMICAL VARIATION OF BILATERAL BICIPITAL ORIGIN OF
PLANTARIS MUSCLE: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Rudani Bhumika , Bhatnagar Vikash , Madhukar Lahange Sandeep , Bhatnagar Shailza , Sharma Anjali , Gumber Tamanna , Bochalya Anita
Published: November 2023

The posterior calf group, plantaris muscle has a small fusiform muscle belly and a long slender tendon sandwiched between the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles. The case was reported during routine dissection at National institute of Ayurveda Deemed university, Jaipur. The subject was 31year-old male cadaver of north Indian
origin. The Bilateral Bicipital origin of Plantaris Muscle was observed during the cadaveric dissection of the popliteal region. Two distinct PMS (Plantaris Muscles) were present, the SPM (superior Plantaris Muscle) and IPM
(Inferior Plantaris Muscle). While the SPM originates from the lower lateral supracondylar ridge and the knee
capsule, the IPM originates from the femoral condyle and SPM tendon splitting in to one part at the distal belly.
The lateral side of the IPM tendon travels between GM (Gastrocnemius Muscle) and SM (Soleus Muscle) and
ends at the calcaneal tendon. SPM and the medial side of the IPM tendon run along with the IPM tendon and insert at the fascia at the inner surface of proximal 1/3of the medial head of GM. The present case report introduces
a new variation of the PM that should be taken into consideration.
YAVAKSARA WITH MADHU ANUPANA IN LOWER URINARY TRACT INFECTION: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Vijayan E Parvathy , P. V Sunitha
Published: November 2023

Urinary tract infection is the commonest of all infections and are leading causes of morbidity and health care expenditure in persons of all ages. The prevalence of UTI was estimated to be around 150 million per year. E coli is
the most common organism causing UTI. The Common clinical manifestations are dysuria, burning micturition,
increased frequency and urgency to micturate, nocturia, suprapubic pain and low-grade fever. In Ayurveda it can
be correlated with mutrakrichra. Paneeya kṣāra is one among the important formulation that is mentioned in the
management of mutrakrichra. As per textual reference Yavakṣāra have action in relieving symptoms of mutrakrichra. A 34-year-old female with OP No. 20220000308 consulted Shalyatantra OPD of hospital with symptoms
of dysuria, suprapubic pain, burning sensation, urgency and frequency of urination. After urinalysis, the condition
was diagnosed as lower UTI. The patient was administered 500 mg of yavaksara with madhu anupana twice daily
for a period of 15 days and analyzed the condition. Along with reduction in pus cells and bacteria, great symptomatic relief was obtained. Utilizing the inherent properties of ksara, it can be employed with efficacy in the treatment of urinary tract infections.
AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF FEMORAL HEAD OF AVASCULAR NECROSIS
WITH PANCHTIKTAKSHEER MAJJA BASTI AND MAHAMANJISHTHADI GHAN
VATI: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Verma Archana , Mishra Meenu , Ninama Raju , Meshram Rajesh
Published: November 2023

Avascular necrosis (AVN) is a condition where there is interruption of the blood supply which proceeds to necrosis of bone components and causes collapse of bones. In Ayurveda it can be compared with a disease Asthimajjjagata Vata due to close resemblance in symptomatology and pathogenesis of both disease entities. The aim of
this study is to find out an effective treatment protocol for it. The present case study is upon a 36-year-old male
patient that diagnosed with avascular necrosis of femoral head having complaints of pain in left hip region for 6
months which was associated with difficulty in walking, sitting, squatting and climbing stairs which results to
change in the gait. This patient was treated with Panchtikta Ksheer Majja Basti and Mahamanjishthadi Ghan Vati. Assessment was done after treatment and follow up of 15 days. The therapies yielded complete symptomatic
relief from pain, tenderness, general debility and improvement in the gait. After the treatment pain was reduced
significantly with improvement in range of movements. Even the patient was able to walk and climb stairs without pain and stiffness. There was a reduction in VAS pain scale and marked improvement was noticed.
AN OPD BASED TREATMENT MODALITY OF VATASHTHEELA BY MATRA
BASTI THERAPY: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Kotiya Anu , Dwivedi Mrityunjay , Singh Lakshman , Dwivedi A.K.
Published: November 2023

Acharya Sushruta in his heritage wonder writing clearly defines the old age disease Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
as Vatashtheela which is one of the 13 types of Mutraghata. The vitiation of Vata is the major factor which causes
difficulty in passing Mutra(urine), Shakrit(faeces) and Vata due to the presence of swelling in the urinary tract.
This is a major problem which brings troubling symptoms like nocturia, intermittent, dribbling, hesitancy, and
straining in old age patients. Surgical interventions like TURP are the last resort but it holds the risk of hemorrhage,
stricture, retrograde ejaculation and recurrence producing a major burden on the health care system. In order to
dispose of this clinical condition Matra Basti was planned in a patient aged 60 years for 15 days with Shilodbhidadi
taila and significant improvement was noted in both subjective and objective parameters of the patient. This case
report underscores the importance of developing a treatment approach specifically tailored for elderly patients that
is outpatient-based, minimally invasive, and carries a low risk of complications, unlike the existing treatment options.
Pendampingan Penyusunan Harga Pokok Produksi dan Pengelolaan Keuangan bagi Pelaku UMKM “Win Bakery” di Samarinda
Authors: Makmur  , Nurdin Sabri , Noor Rifadin
Published: November 2023

Kegiatan pengabdian ini memiliki dua tujuan, yaitu (1) memberikan pemahaman kepada para pelaku UMKM di Samarinda tentang arti pentingnya menghitung harga pokok produksi dan melakukan pencatatan ke dalam jurnal dengan benar, (2) memberi pelatihan dan mendampingi pelaku UMKM agar mampu menghitung harga pokok produksi dengan benar.

Berdasarkan komunikasi awal dengan calon mitra diperoleh informasi tentang masalah yang dihadapi pelaku UMKM di Samarinda yaitu belum dipahaminya manfaat perhitungan harga pokok produksi sehingga mereka umumnya tidak melakukan perhitungan harga pokok produksi. Mereka menetapkan harga jual berdasarkan harga di pasaran, sehingga mereka tidak dapat menghitung berapa laba/rugi sebenarnya dari kegiatan usaha mereka.

Solusi yang ditawarkan untuk memecahkan masalah tersebut adalah memberikan pelatihan dan pendampingan dalam perhitungan harga pokok produksi. Metode kegiatan yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini adalah (1) ceramah untuk menyampaikan konsep perhitungan harga pokok produksi dan pencatatan dalam jurnal dan (2) kasus untuk memberikan contoh praktik menghitung harga pokok produksi, serta (3) melakukan pendampingan di lapangan. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi terhadap kegiatan, diperoleh informasi tingkat pemahaman pemilik Usaha terhadap materi yang diberikan sebesar 65%. Selanjutnya Tim pengabdian melakukan pendampingan di lapangan
The Buy and Hold Investment Strategy: Building and Evaluating Passive Portfolios from Iraq Stock Exchange
Authors: Abdoun Entidhar Lateef , Hasan Mohammed Faez
Published: November 2023

This paper examines the buy and hold investment strategy, a passive approach where investors buy securities and hold them long-term regardless of market fluctuations. The rationale is that patient investors are rewarded over time despite short-term volatility. This research analyzes building and evaluating a buy and hold portfolio. First, a 12-stock portfolio across sectors is constructed using equal weighting and optimization during the Covid-19 pandemic. Equal weighting underperforms optimization that sets asset weights based on risk and return. Next, a 12-stock banking sector portfolio is built. Again, optimization improves results over equal weighting by accounting for risk and correlations. Though past performance does not guarantee future results, historically the buy and hold strategy has provided steady growth for long-term investors able to hold through downturns. Proper diversification and research are critical when constructing a buy and hold portfolio. While sacrificing potential short-term gains, this passive strategy aims to produce satisfying returns over the long run for investors with the appropriate temperament and perspective. However, the strategy may not suit those requiring active management or with lower risk tolerance.
Pengaruh Academic Burnout dan Academic Engagament Terhadap School Well-Being Santri Pesantren
Authors: Oktia Vanika
Published: November 2023

Pesantren is a residence or a dormitory for the students to conduct religious education and other subjects. Evaluation of the school condition and the lives of students in his school environment can be called as school well-being. The various activities undertaken by the students can cause physical and psychological fatigue, known as academic burnout. One way to improve the school's well-being possessed by students is to increase the academic engagement or involvement of students in activities at the dormitory. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of academic burnout and engagement toward school well-being in boarding school students. The hypothesis was tested by using a multiple linear regression model.  Based on the results of the regression test showed that there is a significant influence of academic burnout and academic engagement toward school well-being of boarding school students (R2 = 0.239) indicating that the contribution of academic burnout and engagement toward school well-being in boarding school students was 23.9%, while the remaining 76.1% is influenced by other factors. The results of the partial test (t test) explained that academic burnout has a significant negative impact on the school well-being (t = -4.151 and p = 0.000), and academic engagement also has a significant positive impact on the school well-being (t = 5.477 and p = 0.000). The research hypothesis is proven.
Komparasi Pemodelan Logit, Probit dan Clog-Log Pada Regresi Beta
Authors: Suryadiningrat  , Sihombing Pardomuan Robinson
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan pemodelan Indeks Ketimpangan Gender (IKG) menggunakan regresi beta dengan link function logit, probit dan clog-log. Adapun variabel independen yang digunakan adalah Indeks Pembangunan Gender (IPG) dan Indeks Pemberdayaan Gender (IDG). Data bersumber dari Badan Pusat Statistik. Ketiga pemodelan menberikan hasil yang sama baik untuk uji simultan dan parsial dalam pemodelan kasus pemodelan IKG. Model clog-log memberikan hasil terbaik dengan kriteria nilai error terkecil (AIC dan BIC) serta nilai koefisien determinasi terbesar. IPG berpengaruh signifikan negatif terhadap IKG sedangkan IDG belum berpengaruh signifikan negatif terhadap IKG. Berdasarkan hasil ini diharapkan para pemangku kebijakan dapat memberikan kebijakan yang komprehensif dan tepat sasaran dalam mengurangi ketimpangan gender di Indonesia
Empathy, Self-esteem, and Cyberbullying in vocational high school students
Authors: Wilantika Rima , Khotimah Husnul , Intansari Fixi , Larasati Bayu Sekar , Nabila Julia , Saputri Hindin , Mukhlis Hamid
Published: November 2023

Advances in technology have made internet access easier, this has changed the way humans communicate with one another in life.  Along with the advancement and development of technology, teenagers are internet users who spend more time in the virtual world than the real world.  However, the use of the internet is widely blamed for use by teenagers, one of the phenomena of internet abuse is cyberbullying.  Cyberbullying is a form of harassment or humiliation through social media.  Factors that influence cyberbullying are empathy and self-esteem.  This study aims to determine the relationship between empathy and self-esteem with cyberbullying in vocational high school students.  This research design uses quantitative, with the subject of Vocational High School students in Pringsewu as many as 90 students.  The measurement tool for this study uses three scales, namely the empathy scale, the self-esteem scale, and the cyberbullying scale.  The data analysis technique uses multiple regression analysis to determine the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable.  The results of this study indicate that there is a significant relationship between empathy and self-esteem with cyberbullying in vocational high school students.  That is, the higher the empathy and self-esteem, the cyberbullying behavior of low vocational high school students.  On the other hand, the lower the level of empathy and self-esteem, the higher the level of cyberbullying among professional vocational high school students.
Hubungan Antara Gaya Mengajar Dengan Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Kelas III SD Negeri 5 Bumi Waras Bandar Lampung
Authors: Qomario Qomario , Nazalia Defri
Published: November 2023

This study was aimed to know the relationship teaching style with the result of learning math grades. The main problem in this study is the low result of learning mathematics in grade III Elementary School 5 Bumi Waras Bandar Lampung. This study used to quantitative methods and types of correlation study. The study sample was forty-seven students by using total sampling. Data Correlation techniques using documentation, questionnaires and tests. The study showed there was a significant relationship between teaching style with the result of learning math grades. This study is based on the calculator of product-moment correlation showed rcount0.657 more than rtable0.288. The hypothesis of the analysis it can be concluded that there was a positive relationship between teaching style with the result of learning math grade III Elementary School 5 Bumi Waras Bandar Lampung with a view of rcount more than rtable Criteria.  The greater the number of correlation coefficients means the better the correlation model because the independent variable can explain the dependent variable better.  Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan gaya mengajar dengan hasil belajar matematika. Permasalahan utama pada penelitian ini adalah rendahnya hasil belajar matematika yang diperoleh siswa kelas III SD Negeri 5 Bumi Waras Bandar Lampung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan jenis penelitian korelasi. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 47 orang siswa dengan menggunakan teknik sampel total sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan dokumentasi, angket dan tes. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara gaya mengajar dengan hasil belajar matematika. Hasil ini berdasarkan perhitungan korelasi product moment yang menunjukkan rhitung0.657 lebih dari rtabel 0.288. Dari analisis hipotesis dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan yang positif antara gaya mengajar dengan hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas III SD Negeri 5 Bumi Waras dengan dilihat dari kriteria rhitung lebih dari rtabel . Semakin besar angka koefisien korelasi, berarti semakin baik model korelasi tersebut karena variabel bebas dapat menjelaskan variabel terikat secara lebih baik.
The Saga of Pandemics through the Literary Lens
Authors: Sen Nandini C , Chawla Abhay
Published: November 2023

Disease, illness and death have been a human being’s constant companion right from the dawn of civilization and Pandemics are a part of this fatal manifestation which has been witnessed century upon century, successfully wreaking havoc upon the unsuspecting mankind. A pandemic (from Greek - pan, meaning "all" and demos meaning "people") is an epidemic of an infectious disease that has spread across a large region, spreading through continents and killing with impunity as it spreads. Throughout human history, there have been a number of pandemics of diseases such as smallpox and tuberculosis. The most fatal pandemic in recorded history was the Black Death (also known as The Plague), which killed an estimated 75–200 million people in the 14th century. Other notable pandemics include the 1918 pandemic, the Spanish influenza (Spanish flu). The current pandemics include Covid19 and HIV AIDS. The history of pandemic has been recorded meticulously by playwrights, novelists and poets from time immemorial – the documentation is detailed and, on some occasions, laboured. The message conveyed is very clear – the pandemic is brutal, it spares no one and the only way to remain safe is through isolation and timely medical intervention. This Paper seeks to examine the philosophical ramifications of pandemics examined through the literary lens.
ANAPHORIC AND CATAPHORIC REFERENCES USED IN THE CHAPEL SHORT STORY
Authors: Shofiana Jamilah Ana , Larasati Agnes , Nasiroh Khoirun Nisa Luthfi
Published: November 2023

This study aims to analyze the endophoric reference including the types of Anaphora and cataphoric reference that are contained in the short story titled "The Chapel". The researcher uses the descriptive qualitative method to analyze the selection of endophoric reference including the types of Anaphora and cataphoric reference. The data is in the form of a script of "The Chapel" short story. The technique of collecting data by reading the The Chapel short story and then marking words according to the types of anaphoric and cataphoric. The results showed there are 45 anaphoric references and 5 cataphoric references found in the short story.
POTENSI TANAMAN KELADI SEBAGAI PENUNJANG PEREKONOMIAN MASYARAKAT DIMASA PANDEMI
Authors: Fitria Annisa Vini , Khayati Nur , Novitaningrum Restie
Published: November 2023

Pandemi Covid-19 memberikan dampak yang luar biasa bagi seluruh dunia, tidak terkecuali Indonesia. Pandemi Covid-19 telah menyebabkan menurunnya perekonomian dan aktivitas di berbagai sektor dan wilayah di Indonesia. Banyak sekali perusahaan yang mengajukan kepailitan sejak wabah pandemi Covid-19. Pelaku usaha mengambil opsi gulung tikar atau menghentikan operasi usaha secara sementara. Akibatnya banyak tenaga kerja yang di PHK sehingga menyebabkan penggangguran meningkat. Banyak orang kemudian memutar otak untuk mencari jalan lain agar dapat bertahan hidup di tengah pandemi. Salah satunya dengan memasarkan tanaman hias sebagai cara untuk menghasilkan pendapatan. Tanaman Caladium atau Keladi adalah salah satu tanaman hias yang memiliki nilai jual tinggi. Sebagai tanaman hias, tanaman keluarga Araceae ini diburu karena daya tarik bentuk daunnya seperti simbol hati atau jantung. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis nilai ekonomi masing-masing jenis tanaman hias keladi. Jumlah sampel yang dipilih untuk dianalisis adalah sebanyak 30 sampel. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan teknik sampling acak (random sampling) pada beberapa pedagang tanaman hias Keladi di situs online shop. Data yang dianalisis pada penelitian ini adalah nilai ekonomi pada masing-masing tanaman hias keladi. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian yaitu nilai ekonomi tanaman hias keladi berkisar antara Rp 35.000 – Rp 233.000. Keladi yang memiliki nilai ekonomi paling rendah adalah keladi tikus, sedangkan Keladi yang memiliki nilai ekonomi paling tinggi adalah keladi merah. Tanaman keladi yang paling diburu adalah jenis keladi tengkorak dan keladi merah. Harga tanaman keladi dipengaruhi oleh motif tanaman keladi semakin cantik motif tanaman tersebut maka tanaman keladi akan semakin mahal.
Influence of Drug and Substance Abuse and Academic Performance among Students in Secondary School in Gatanga Sub County, Kenya
Authors: Alulu Lily , Gachigi Dr. Priscilla , Okoth Emily , Ngunu Dr. Susan
Published: November 2023

The study sought to establish influence of drug and substance abuse among students in secondary school in Gatanga Sub County, Kenya. The study was guided by the socio-cognitive theory by Bandura (1994) which focuses on social influence on others behavior. The study employed correlation research design. The sample size consisted of 336 individuals and 17 schools. Stratified sampling was used to select the 17 schools; purposive sampling selected the 17 principals and the 2 education officials, while random sampling was used to select the 306 students and the11 guidance and counselling teachers. A pilot study was conducted in 2 secondary schools in Gatanga Sub County. Primary information from the 306 students was obtained by use of questionnaires, while an interview schedule was used for the 11 teachers of guidance and counselling, 17 principals and 2 education officials. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software program where descriptive statistics such as frequencies, means and standard deviation and inferential statistics which included regression and correlation analysis were computed. The findings were presented in tables and figures. The study revealed that an increase in influence of drugs and substance abuse would result to a decrease in academic performance of secondary school students. There is need to identify the influence of drug and substance abuse among students. It is also important to understand the students and their backgrounds. Others have issues beyond them such as genetics while others don’t have a support system or suffer from mental illnesses such as depression.
Effect of Natural Ventilation on Thermal Performance of Different Residential Building Forms in the Hot-dry Climate of Jordan
Authors: Abbaas Esraa Shehadeh , Ismail Mazran , Ahmad Saif Ala’eddin , Ghazali Muhamad Azhar
Published: November 2023

This work presents a simulation study on the impact of natural ventilation on the thermal performance and thermal comfort of residential buildings of different forms in the hot-dry climate of Amman, the capital of Jordan. Three existing triple-storey residential buildings with different forms, i.e., rectangular, L-shape, and U-shape, are taken as case studies. Models with similar construction and dimensions of the buildings under investigation are designed using the OpenStudio plugin SketchUp software. Two rooms within these buildings have been considered for simulation with the aid of the EnergyPlus simulator for two cases: the basic case with no ventilation and the case with ventilation. The thermal parameters, including the air temperature, relative humidity, air speed, and mean radiant temperature of both rooms, have been extracted from the simulation. The thermal performance of these buildings is analyzed based on the indoor air temperature and mean radiant temperature, while the thermal performance is investigated via the ASHRAE-55 adaptive model. The results show that the rectangular-shaped building has the best thermal performance in unventilated conditions for the middle room on the middle floor (Room 1). In contrast, the U-shape shows better results for the west-northern room on the same floor (Room 2). On the other hand, introducing natural ventilation to the buildings reduces the indoor temperature and, subsequently, enhances the thermal performance where the buildings transform to be within the comfort zone most of the time, according to the ASHRAE-55 adaptive model. Generally, rectangular and U-shaped buildings show comparable thermal performance, while L-shaped buildings have relatively the worst performance.
O argumento pragmático-transcendental e a ética do discurso
Authors: GAMBIM PEDRO
Published: November 2023

Neste texto, será destacado o papel de Karl-Otto Apel, co-fundador da Ética do Discurso, que procura estabelecer fundamentos éticos diante dos desafios contemporâneos. Ele responde a dois desafios: o externo, relacionado às consequências globais da ciência e tecnologia, demandando uma "macroética da responsabilidade solidária", e o interno, oriundo da racionalidade científica que parece obstruir a fundamentação racional de normas morais universalmente válidas. Apel apresenta a ética do discurso como solução, baseada em uma fundamentação pragmático-transcendental, superando limitações da racionalidade ética imposta pela ciência moderna. Essa ética é vista como uma macroética da responsabilidade solidária, que lida com implicações globais da ciência e tecnologia, buscando uma resposta racional para enfrentar suas consequências e de uma fundamentação ética racional. Apel desempenha um papel relevante na busca por uma ética capaz de responder aos desafios éticos da era contemporânea, particularmente os decorrentes do avanço científico e tecnológico.
Fundamentos para uma filosofia moral da ilustração
Authors: LOPES JOÃO BATISTA RODRIGUES
Published: November 2023

Neste texto, exploramos como os pensadores do Iluminismo buscam fundamentar uma ética independente da religião, baseada apenas na razão, promovendo liberdade e autonomia. Essa nova moral representa uma mudança significativa em relação à concepção moral anterior, abandonando a visão de uma natureza teleológica e finalista em favor de uma perspectiva mais terrena e humana. Três características principais da moral iluminista, destacadas por Rouanet, são o cognitivismo, que enfatiza a importância do conhecimento na tomada de decisões éticas, o individualismo, que ressalta a autonomia moral de cada pessoa, e o universalismo, que busca princípios éticos aplicáveis a todos. Essas características refletem a transição do papel da religião para a ciência no centro da sociedade moderna, onde as crenças religiosas passam a ser relegadas à esfera privada, como observa Alain Touraine em sua obra “Crítica à Modernidade”.
Controlling the operation of the dc motor by using pid with metaheuristic technology
Authors: KHALAF Khalaf Abdullah Khalaf , Teke Mustafa
Published: November 2023

This paper presents an investigation into precise trajectory tracking and synchronization of two-axes direct current (DC)
motor control, with an emphasis on a cascade proportional-plus-integral (P-PI) controller to regulate the speed and position of a single-axis permanent magnet DC (PMDC) motor. Various methods were explored for the controller’s design process, including classical methods (CM) and three optimization strategies: genetic algorithm (GA), dandelion optimization algorithm (DOA), and butterfly optimization algorithm (BOA), with the latter found to be the most effective. Simulation was a crucial component in assessing the efficiency of these methods. A comparative analysis of four tuning strategies (CM, GA, BOA, and DOA) was conducted to ascertain optimal settings for the P-PI cascade controller. The DOA outperformed the others, providing accurate tracking with no deviation from the reference location or speed overshoot. Moreover, DOA ensured safety by limiting voltage and current to prevent potential damage to the motor. The findings thus suggest that the proposed P-PI controller with DOA can serve as a reliable solution for speed and position control in single-axis PMDC motors.
The role of malondialdehyde in the evaluation of the treatment response in acute pulmonary thromboembolism
Authors: Arı Maşide , Yüceege Melike Bağnu , Arı Emrah , Aydın Fevzi Nuri
Published: November 2023

Aims: To facilitate the early diagnosis of the related patient group by investigating the level of Malondialdehyde (MDA) in high-risk pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). In addition, it was aimed to see the effect of treatment after acute PTE on oxidative stress and to evaluate whether it is associated with the development of chronic thrombus.
Methods: This study was conducted prospectively in 44 patients diagnosed with PTE in single-center. At the time of diagnosis, after 6 months of follow-up and treatment, the MDA levels of the patients were evaluated together with the controlled tests.
Results: MDA level was found to be a determinant in the estimation of high-risk PTE. In addition, MDA level was found to be higher at the time of diagnosis and after treatment in patients with chronic thromboembolism.
Conclusion: MDA level is a guiding parameter in high-risk PTE. In addition, the continuation of oxidative stress in the case of chronic thrombus may be important in the remodeling of the precapillary pulmonary artery.
Challenges Experienced by SMMEs and Interventions by the South African National and Provincial Government: A Literature Review
Authors: Sibiya Ayanda , Van der Westhuizen Johan , Sibiya Bongani
Published: November 2023

Small, Medium, and Micro Enterprises (SMMEs) are pivotal players in economies worldwide, especially in developing and emerging economies, where they contribute significantly to job creation, poverty alleviation, and innovation. Despite their limited capital and financial resources, SMMEs play a vital role in new product development and technological innovation, driving industrial renewal and economic growth. This study employs a qualitative content analysis approach to examine the challenges and opportunities confronting SMMEs. Data for this analysis were drawn from various scholarly sources, including journals, books, and reputable academic publications. The findings of this theoretical literature review underscore that while SMMEs aim to foster economic growth and formalize their presence, regulatory and legislative frameworks often present stringent compliance requirements, posing significant challenges. This research highlights the potential of national and provincial public sector institutions to facilitate SMME growth and development, ensuring their stability and prominence within the economy.
Meningkatkan Budaya Literasi di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 7 Padang Sidempuan
Authors: Lubis Siti isma sari , Harmawan Violintikha , Yasih Fitri
Published: November 2023

Literasi merupakan kemampuan dalam memahami dan menggunakan sesuatu secara cerdas melalui berbagai kegiatan, antara lain kegiatan membaca, melihat, menyimak, menulis, dan berbicara. Seseorang wajib memeiliki keterampilan ini sebagai bagian besar dalam proses pendidikannya, baik secara formal maupun nonformal. Para peserta didik baik di sekolah menengah pertama maupun atas dituntut untuk memiliki kemampuan literasi bagi peserta didiknya yang berkaitan dengan keterampilan membaca yang mencakup kemampuan memahami informasi secara analitis, kritis, dam reflektif. Gerakan Literasi Sekolah merupakan sebuah upaya yang dilakukan secara menyeluruh untuk menjadikan sekolah sebagai organisasi pembelajaran yang warganya literat sepanjang hayat melalui pelibatan publik. Oleh karena itu diperlukan peningkatan budaya literasi disekolah melalui kegiatan pengadian kepada masyarakat di SMP Negeri 7 Padangsidimpuan, yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkankan budaya literasi melalui kegiatan-kegiatan gerakan literasi bagi warga Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) Negeri 7 Padangsidimpuan.
PENYULUHAN TENTANG IMUNISASI PADA BALITA DI DESA PINTU LANGIT KECAMATAN AN PADANGSIDIMPUAN ANGKOLA JULU TAHUN 2023
Authors: Rangkuti Nur aliyah , Hasibuan Khoirunnisah , Rangkuti Juni Andriani
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Immunization is the process of giving a substance called a vaccine into a person's body with the aim of forming immunity against a certain disease. The form of activity carried out is health education counseling about the benefits of immunization in infants and toddlers. This extension activity lasted for 120 minutes and was carried out in Pintu Langit Village, Padangsidimpuan Angkola Julu District. The purpose of this activity is to provide counseling to mothers who have children under five. Counseling in the form of presentations, providing posters, carrying out immunization activities for toddlers. The number of participants in the activity was 38 people. The results of community service regarding immunization can be in the form of increasing public knowledge and awareness regarding the importance of immunization and increasing the number of people who carry out immunizations. The counseling activities carried out went well and in an orderly manner, this activity was carried out in Puntu Langit Village, which is in the working area of Pintu Langit Health Center. The people who took part in the activity seemed enthusiastic in participating in counseling activities about health checks. It is hoped that the community, especially mothers who have toddlers, will already know the benefits of the activities carried out and routine health checks for toddlers and will make visits for health checks in the following month.
Imunisasi adalah proses memberikan suatu zat yang disebut vaksin ke dalam tubuh seseorang dengan tujuan untuk membentuk kekebalan terhadap suatu penyakit tertentu. Bentuk kegiatan Yang dilakukan yaitu Penyuluhan pendidikan kesehatan tentang manfaat imunisasi pada bayi dan balita. Kegiatan penyuluhan ini berlangsung selama 120 menit ini dilaksanakan di desa Pintu Langit  Kecamatan Padangsidimpuan Angkola Julu. Adapun tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk memberikan penyuluhan kepada ibu yang memiliki anak balita. Penyuluhan berupa presentase, pemberian poster, melakukan kegiatan pemberian imunisasi pada balita. Jumlah peserta kegiatan berjumlah 38 orang.  Hasil pengabdian masyarakat tentang imunisasi dapat berupa peningkatan pengetahuan dan kesadaran masyarakat mengenai pentingnya imunisasi serta meningkatnya jumlah masyarakat yang melakukan imunisasi. Kegiatan penyuluhan yang dilaksanakan berjalan dengan baik dan tertib, kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di Desa Puntu Langit yang berada wilayah kerja Puskesmas Pintu Langit. Masyarakat yang mengikuti kegiatan telihat antusias dalam mengikuti kegiatan penyuluhan tentang pemeriksaan kesehatan. Diharapkan kepada masyarakat terutama ibu yang memiliki balita sudah mengetahui manfaat dari kegaiatan yang dilakukan serta rutin pemeriksaan kesehatan balita serta akan melakukan kunjungan untuk pemeriksaan kesehatan pada bulan berikutnya.
Droplet collection efficiencies estimated from satellite retrievals constrain effective radiative forcing of aerosol-cloud interactions
Authors: Beall Charlotte M. , Ma Po-Lun , Christensen Matthew W. , Mülmenstädt Johannes , Varble Adam , Suzuki Kentaroh , Michibata Takuro
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Process-oriented observational constraints for the anthropogenic effective radiative forcing due to aerosol-cloud-interactions (ERFaci) are highly desirable because the large uncertainty associated with ERFaci poses a significant challenge to climate prediction. The satellite-based Contoured Frequency by Optical Depth Diagrams (CFODD) analysis was previously proposed to support evaluation of model representation of cloud liquid to rain conversion processes because the slope of a CFODD, generated from joint MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)-CloudSat cloud retrievals, provides an estimate of cloud droplet collection efficiency in single-layer warm liquid clouds (SLWCs). Here we present an updated CFODD analysis as an observational constraint for the ERFaci due to warm rain processes and apply it to the U.S. Department of Energy’s Energy Exascale Earth System Model version 2 (E3SMv2). Updates to the CFODD analysis include multiple changes to the SLWC detection algorithm for better consistency between MODIS-CloudSat observations and the satellite simulators, as well as the estimation of CFODD slopes using Random Sample Consensus robust linear regression. A series of sensitivity experiments shows that E3SMv2 droplet collection efficiencies and ERFaci are highly sensitive to the treatment of autoconversion, the rate of mass transfer from cloud liquid to rain, yielding a strong correlation between the CFODD slope and the shortwave component of ERFaci (Pearson’s R = -0.91). We estimate the shortwave component of ERFaci (ERFaciSW), constrained by MODIS-CloudSat, by calculating the intercept of the linear association between E3SMv2 ERFaciSW and the CFODD slopes, using the MODIS-CloudSat CFODD slope as a reference. When E3SMv2’s droplet collection efficiency is constrained to agree with the A-Train retrievals, ERFaciSW is reduced by 13 % in magnitude, indicating that correcting bias in the ERFaciSW due to autoconversion would bring E3SMv2’s total ERFaci (-1.50 W m-2) into better agreement with the IPCC AR6 ‘very likely’ range for ERFaci (-1.0 ± 0.7 W m-2). This study provides a new process-oriented observational constraint for ERFaci due to warm rain processes to reduce the uncertainty of climate predictions.
Observing glacier elevation changes from spaceborne optical and radar sensors – an inter-comparison experiment using ASTER and TanDEM-X data
Authors: Piermattei Livia , Zemp Michael , Sommer Christian , Brun Fanny , Braun Matthias H. , Andreassen Liss M. , Belart Joaquín M. C. , Berthier Etienne , Bhattacharya Atanu , Boehm Vock Laura , Bolch Tobias , Dehecq Amaury , Dussaillant Inés , Falaschi Daniel , Florentine Caitlyn , Floricioiu Dana , Ginzler Christian , Guillet Gregoire , Hugonnet Romain , Huss Matthias , Kääb Andreas , King Owen , Klug Christoph , Knuth Friedrich , Krieger Lukas , La Frenierre Jeff , McNabb Robert , McNeil Christopher , Prinz Rainer , Sass Louis , Seehaus Thorsten , Shean David , Treichler Désirée , Wendt Anja , Yang Ruitang
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Observations of glacier mass changes are key to understanding the response of glaciers to climate change and related impacts, such as regional runoff, ecosystem changes, and global sea-level rise. Spaceborne optical and radar sensors make it possible to quantify glacier elevation changes, and thus multi-annual mass changes, on a regional and global scale. However, estimates from a growing number of studies show a wide range of results with differences often beyond uncertainty bounds. Here, we present the outcome of a community-based inter-comparison experiment using spaceborne optical stereo (ASTER) and synthetic aperture radar interferometry (TanDEM-X) data to estimate elevation changes for defined glaciers and target periods that pose different assessment challenges. Using provided or self-processed digital elevation models (DEMs) for five test sites, 12 research groups provided a total of 97 spaceborne elevation-change datasets using various processing strategies. Validation with airborne data showed that using an ensemble estimate is promising to reduce random errors from different instruments and processing methods, but still requires a more comprehensive investigation and correction of systematic errors. We found that scene selection, DEM processing, and co-registration have the biggest impact on the results. Other processing steps, such as treating spatial data voids, differences in survey periods, or radar penetration, can still be important for individual cases. Future research should focus on testing different implementations of individual processing steps (e.g. co-registration) and addressing issues related to temporal corrections, radar penetration, glacier area changes, and density conversion. Finally, there is a clear need for our community to develop best practices, use open, reproducible software, and assess overall uncertainty in order to enhance inter-comparison and empower physical process insights across glacier elevation-change studies.