bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparing the effectiveness of treatment based on acceptance and commitment with and without self-compassion, conscious attention to the spiritual reactions of women with corona anxiety and insecure attachment to their spouses
Authors: Okati Gholan Nabi , Shahabizadeh Fatemeh , Bahrainian Seyed Abdulmajid
Published: February 2024

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) with and without self-compassion mindfulness on the spiritual reactions of women with COVID-19 anxiety who have insecure attachment to their husbands, with a two-month follow-up period. Method: This clinical trial was conducted in 2021 on 48 female teachers in Zahedan. Women with COVID-19 anxiety and insecure attachment to their husbands were selected through purposive sampling and randomly divided into three groups: Intervention 1 (16 participants receiving ACT), Intervention 2 (16 participants receiving ACT with self-compassion mindfulness), and a control group (16 participants). The Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, Relationship Scales Questionnaire, Patience Scale, and the Spiritual Control Language Questionnaire were used, and data were analyzed using SPSS software version 26. Results: Results showed that ACT with and without self-compassion mindfulness, compared to the control group, significantly increased cognitive control of language and patience (P < 0.05). ACT combined with self-compassion mindfulness was more effective in improving cognitive control of language and patience than ACT alone, and this effect was maintained at follow-up. Conclusion: ACT combined with self-compassion mindfulness, as a sustainable intervention, can be used in health and treatment centers for women with COVID-19 anxiety who have insecure attachment to their husbands, to enhance cognitive control of language and patience.
The Lived experience of Iranian Mothers in the role of Mother-in-law: A phenomenological Study
Authors: Montazeri Roya
Published: February 2024

Objective: The aim of the present study was to identify the lived experiences of Iranian mothers from the role of mother-in-law. Research Method: The method of the present study was applied and qualitative descriptive phenomenology. The sample consisted of 14 mothers living in Isfahan who entered the study by convenience sampling method. Semi structured interviews were conducted, then implemented verbatim and analyzed by the Smith and Osborn’s method. Results:In this study, The role of mother-in-law in 4 main themes including the perception of motherhood after marriage, role-playing requirements, challenges and opportunities, communication skills, 15 sub-themes including supportive and guiding motherhood, conservative motherhood, motherhood Self-sacrificing with personal limitations, desirable traits and characteristics, challenges and opportunities of relationship with spouse, challenges and opportunities of parent-child relationship, challenge of cultural beliefs, an opportunity to respond to basic needs, challenge Care and management responsibilities, emotional challenges, maintaining boundaries, expressive and instrumental investment, joining the family of spouse child, joining the in-law, acting consciously and intelligently, and were estimated 69 codes. Conclusion: According to the research findings, the role of mother-in-law is defined by the perception of a supportive, conservative and self-sacrificing mother, who is required to have desirable characteristics and traits and use communication skills to fulfill her role. Being a mother-in-law, while creating opportunities, also brings challenges for mothers. In general, facilitating relationships and family cohesion is the common essence of Iranian mothers' experiences the role of mother-in-law.
Structural Equations Modeling to Explain the Psychological Well-Being of Divorced Women based on Public Health, Financial Distress and Social Support with the Mediating Positive Thinking According to Maslow's Theory
Authors: Sarlak Mina , Haydari Hasan , Ghafari Khalil , Davoodi Hosein
Published: February 2024

The present study was conducted with the aim of developing a model of psychological well-being of divorced women based on public health, financial distress and social support mediated by positive thinking. The statistical population of the present study included all divorced women (20 to 45 years old) in Khomin city in 2021-2022. The sample size was 429 people and 3 non-random sampling methods were available. All completed the Goldberg & Hiller (1979) General Health Questionnaire, the financial distress of Prawitz et al. (2006), the social support of Zimet et al. (1988), the positive thinking of Ingram and Wisnicki (1988), and the psychological well-being of Ryff (1989). Pearson correlation method and structural equation modeling using SPSSV19 and AMOSV20 software were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the variables of general health (0.20 and 0.14), financial distress (-0.18 and -0.17) and social support (0.33 and 0.20) had direct and significant effects on positive thinking, respectively. And had psychological well-being. In addition, positive thinking (0.15) had direct and significant effects on psychological well-being. The results also showed that the three variables of general health (0.10), financial distress (-0.10) and social support (0.11) have an indirect and significant effect on the psychological well-being of divorced women. Based on the results of this study, all three variables of public health, financial distress and social support have significant direct and indirect effects on psychological well-being through positive thinking. Therefore, this model can be used to strengthen and promote the psychological well-being of divorced women, and therefore the knowledge of counselors, psychologists, therapists, social scientists and other specialists of these variables to promote the psychological well-being of divorced women is important.
Investigating the mediating role of maladaptive schemas and emotional expression in the relationship between childhood trauma and sexual intimacy in women from low-income families
Authors: Hadiyan Nasim , Mottaghi Shekoofeh , Rezapour Mirsaleh Yasser
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The present study was conducted with the purpose of investigating the mediating role of maladaptive schemas and emotional expression in the relationship between childhood trauma and sexual intimacy in women from low-income families. Methods: This research was a descriptive-correlational research that was performed by structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the research included all women from low-income families under the coverage of Isfahan City Relief Committee, 209 of whom were selected by convenience sampling method and answered the questionnaires of sexual intimacy Batlani, Ahmadi and Bahrami (2010), Early maladaptive schemas Young (1994), Child Trauma Bernstein and Fink (1998), and Emotional Expressiveness of King & Emmones (1990). Research data were analyzed at two levels of descriptive and inferential statistics, especially structural equation modeling. Results: The findings showed that childhood trauma doesn’t significant effect on the sexual intimacy of married women in low-income families (P>0/05); but it has a significant effect on emotional expression and areas of early maladaptive schemas (P<0/01). Also, among the domains of early maladaptive schemas, only the domain of listening and inhibition has a significant direct effect on emotional expression and emotional expression also has a significant effect on sexual intimacy (P<0/01). In addition, childhood trauma has a significant indirect effect on sexual intimacy only through the domain of deafness and inhibition and emotional expression (P<0/01). On the other hand, childhood trauma affects sexual intimacy by affecting emotional expression (P<0/01). Conclusion: Therefore, childhood trauma can have an effect on sexual intimacy by influencing the field of listening and inhibiting and expressing emotions. Paying attention to the mentioned factors can help improve the level of sexual intimacy of women.
Comparison of the effectiveness of schema therapy based on communication enrichment program, acceptance and knowledge, and integrated systemic couple therapy on marital commitment and reduction of injuries caused by infidelity of women affected by extrama
Authors: Abolhasani Seyedeh Sara , Ghorban Shirodi Shohreh , Zarbakhsh Bahri Mohammad Reza
Published: February 2024

Background and Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of schema therapy based on the communication enrichment program of acceptance and integrated systemic couple therapy on marital commitment and interpersonal motivations of couples affected by extramarital relationships. Methods: The current research method is quasi-experimental with a three-group pre-test and post-test design. The statistical population of the study included all women affected by extramarital relationships who referred to counseling centers in Babol city in the first nine months of 2019. In order to select a statistical sample using the purposeful sampling method, first 45 people were selected and then they were randomly placed in the first and second test groups and the control group (15 people in each group). The research tools of McCullough et al. (1998) interpersonal motivations related to injury and Adams & Jones (1997) marital commitment scales (2001) were used. Lev and McKay's (2012) Schema therapy intervention based on acceptance communication enrichment program and Feldman's (1990) integrative systemic couple therapy protoco were implemented in 12 sessions 90-minute as a group for the first and second experimental groups. Results: The data were analyzed by covariance analysis using SPSS22 software at a significance level of 0.05. Statistical findings showed that both therapeutic approaches used were effective in increasing Improving marital commitment and interpersonal motivation (P < 0.05). Schema therapy intervention based on acceptance communication enrichment program was significantly more effective than integrative systemic couple therapy on marital commitment and of women affected by extramarital relationships (P < 0.05). Also, no significant difference was observed between the effectiveness of schema therapy based on acceptance communication enrichment program and Feldman's integrative systemic couple therapy on interpersonal motivations (P < 0.05). Conclusion: As a result, counseling centers and family clinics for women affected by extramarital relationships who are exposed to psychological consequences after betrayal can use these two approaches with the priority of counseling and group psychotherapy.
Recognizing the causal model of psychological well-being of students with hearing impairment based on attachment styles, family emotional atmosphere, social support and the mediating role of hope
Authors: Jafari Nosrat , Tajalli Parisa , Ghanbari Panah Afsaneh , Shahriari Ahmadi Mansoure
Published: February 2024

Background and Aim: In our world, most of the information, data and knowledge is received and stored through the sense of hearing. The current research aimed to know the causal model of psychological well-being of students with hearing impairment based on attachment styles, family emotional atmosphere, social support and the mediating role of hope. Methods: The current research is a descriptive research, of the structural equation modeling type. The statistical population of the current research included children with hearing impairment in secondary schools in Tehran in the academic year 2021. With the help of multi-stage cluster sampling method, 204 students with hearing impairment were selected as the research sample. The data collection tools in this research include: Ryff psychological well-being questionnaire (1989), Hazen and Shaver attachment styles questionnaire (1987), Hillburn's emotional atmosphere questionnaire (1964), Tos Ziman's friend support questionnaire (1988), and Schneider, Harris Anderson's hope questionnaire (1991). Results: The research results showed that secure, avoidant and ambivalent (anxious) attachment styles directly affect psychological well-being. But indirectly and influenced by the mediating role of hope, they do not affect students' psychological well-being. Also, the emotional atmosphere of the family has a direct and indirect effect on psychological well-being through the hope variable. Friends' social support also, directly and indirectly, affects psychological well-being through the hope variable. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that avoidant, secure and ambivalent attachment styles directly affect psychological well-being scores. But they do not play a role in explaining psychological well-being scores through hope. In other words, the hope variable has not been able to play a role in the influence of lifestyles on psychological well-being. Attachment style represents the essential innate needs for social communication among people.
Modeling the mediating role of thinking styles in the relationship between human agency and self-regulation of knowledge by choosing styles to cope with academic stress in male students
Authors: Eslami Abdollah , Mirzahosseini Hassan , Monirpour Nader
Published: February 2024

Background and Aim: The current research was conducted with the aim of providing a model of the effect of human agency and self-regulation of knowledge on the choice of coping styles with academic stress, considering the mediating role of thinking style. Methods: The current research was applied in terms of purpose and based on the nature and method of data collection, descriptive-correlation type, structural equation analysis type. The statistical population included all male students of the second secondary level of theoretical branches in Kashan city in the academic year of 2014-2016, and 497 students were selected as the study sample through random sampling. Students responded to Cote's (1997) multifaceted agentive personality questionnaire, SRKS-U knowledge self-regulation questionnaire, Andler-Parker's coping styles questionnaire, and Sternberg-Wagner's (1992) thinking styles. In order to analyze the research data and to test the hypotheses, the correlation coefficient and the structural equation method were used using SPSS.26 and LISREL 8.8 statistical software. Results: The results of the present study showed that the variable of agency and self-regulation of knowledge directly and positively influenced the variable of problem-oriented coping style with the mediation of thinking styles. The variable of agency and self-regulation of knowledge directly and negatively affected the variable of emotion-oriented coping style with the mediation of thinking styles. The variable of agency and self-regulation of knowledge directly and negatively affected the variable of avoidant coping style with the mediation of thinking styles. Conclusion: Therefore, according to the results of educational workshops, adaptive strategies to deal with stress are suggested for students in schools.
Modeling children's behavioral problems based on attachment styles with parent-child relationship mediation
Authors: Moradi Mahboobeh , Farhangi Abdolhasan , Tizdast Taher
Published: February 2024

Background and Aim: Examining the psychological problems of children and adolescents has always been one of the main concerns of psychologists. The present study was conducted with the aim of modeling children's behavioral problems based on attachment styles with the mediation of parent-child relationship. Methods: In a cross-sectional study in the form of a correlational design, all mothers of primary school students with behavioral problems in Karaj city were selected using a simple random sampling method from the list of names of students diagnosed with behavioral problems. After obtaining informed consent, the research data were used with the help of the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) - Achenbach and Rescular (2001), the attachment styles questionnaire (1987) and the Pianta Parent-Child Relationship Questionnaire (2015). In order to check the assumptions of the statistical tests and test the hypotheses of the research, using the SmartPLS software, the identified paths of the research have been investigated according to the conceptual model. Version 3.3 of SmartPLS software was used to compile the confirmatory factor analysis model and structural equations, and SPSS version 26 was used for descriptive statistics. Path analysis has also been used to determine direct and indirect coefficients. Results: The results obtained from the bootstrap method and the Sobel test both show that the indirect effect of attachment styles on children's behavioral problems due to the parent-child relationship is -0.142, and the value of the Sobel statistic is at the 95% confidence level. It is significant (P>0.001, Sobel=3.56). As a result, attachment styles have a significant effect on children's behavioral problems due to the mediating role of parent-child relationship. The negative value of beta (-0.142) shows the negativity and oppositeness of this effect. Conclusion: It can be concluded that attachment styles are effective in creating behavioral problems in children by mediating parent-child relationship, which can be used in the prevention program while removing clinical implications.
The effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) on rumination in self-harming adolescents without suicidal intent
Authors: Mirzaian Nima , Vafaeinejad Zahra , Zamanpour Zahra , Shabannejad Ariana , Abbasian Aylin
Published: February 2024

Background and Aim: Self-harm with non-suicidal intent is a conscious behavior in which a person damages her own body tissues and can have many consequences. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) on the rumination of self-harming adolescents without suicidal intent. Methods: The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the present study included 16-18-year-old students (boys and girls) of high schools in Sari city. From this population, 100 people were selected by available sampling method, and among them 28 people who had obtained the highest scores in the non-suicidal self-injury questionnaire (NNSI), following the entry criteria, were selected in a simple random manner in a group. An experimental and a control group (each group includes 14 people) were appointed. The experimental group received cognitive-behavioral therapy in a group method during 12 90-minute sessions, and the control group did not receive any intervention until the post-test. The tools used in this research included the non-suicidal self-injury questionnaire (Klonsky and Glenn, 2011) and Nolen Hoeksma's rumination questionnaire (1991). The data obtained in the two stages of pre-test and post-test were analyzed using SPSS-22 software by analysis of covariance. Results: The results showed that cognitive-behavioral therapy has led to a reduction in rumination. Conclusion: The results of the research provide evidence that cognitive-behavioral therapy is a suitable method for reducing rumination in self-harming adolescents without suicidal intent and can lead to the improvement of their mental health.
Comparison of marital conflict model based on selfdifferentiation and familism with the mediating role of intimacy and emotional maturity in traditional and modern families
Authors: Mirzaei Kondari Fataneh , Abdi Zarrin Sohrab , Agha Yousefi Alireza
Published: February 2024

Background and Aim: Developments caused by changes in society can also be the basis for differences in values, desires and expectations of couples from each other. The aim of this study was to compare the model of marital conflict based on selfdifferentiation and familism with the mediating role of intimacy and emotional maturity in traditional and modern families. Methods: The present study is with an applied purpose and correlation method. The population included all couples living in Tehran, sampling method was available. Out of 1107 people who answered the questionnaire, 590 couples were selected as the research sample. First, the mean and standard deviation of the traditional from modern questionnaire were calculated and based on a standard deviation from the mean, traditional families (35 pairs) and modern families (46 pairs) were separated. Data collection tools included: a researcher-made questionnaire on the separation of traditional and modern families, and questionnaires on marital conflict, self-differentiation, familism, intimacy and emotional maturity. Path analysis and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data and test the hypothesis, and independent t-test was used to compare the means of the variables. Results: The results showed that this model has a good fit in traditional and modern families. The results showed that this model has a good fit in traditional and modern families, and the goodness of fit index (GOF) in traditional and modern families is 0.83 and 0.56, respectively. Because this value is more than 0.35, as a result, the overall fit of the model was confirmed (P<0.01). Conclusion: It is suggested that the characteristics of modern and traditional families be considered in medical and counseling centers in resolving marital conflict.
Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on Emotional Processing, Irrational Beliefs and Rumination in Patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Authors: Sharif Ara Behnam , Khosropour Farshid , Molayi Zarandi Hamid
Published: February 2024

Background and Aim: Generalized Anxiety Disorder is one of the most common anxiety disorders. The purpose of this study was to investigate Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on Emotional Processing, Irrational Beliefs and Rumination in Patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with a control group. 30 patients with generalized anxiety disorder referred to daily psychiatric treatment centers in Golpayegan in the first half of 2019 were selected and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group received Acceptance and Commitment Therapy program in 8 sessions of 90 minutes. However, the control group did not receive this intervention during the research process. The questionnaires used in this study included Spitzer Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (2006), Baker Emotional Processing Scale (2007), Jones Irrational Beliefs Questionnaire (1968), Nolen-Hoeksema and Morrow (1991) Rumination Questionnaire. The data were analyzed by analysis of covariance using SPSS 24 software. Results: The results of data analysis showed that Acceptance and Commitment Therapy has significantly influenced Emotional Processing (p<0.001), Irrational Beliefs (p<0.001) and Rumination (p<0.001). Conclusion: Considering the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy on emotional processing, irrational beliefs and rumination in patients with generalized anxiety disorder, it is suggested that training workshops be held to become more familiar with the principles and techniques of this training for counselors and therapists active in the field of this disorder.
Structural model of suicidal thoughts based on parenting styles with the mediating role of self-esteem and social support
Authors: Darvishi Mohammad Sadegh , Kikhavani Satar , Ahmadi Vahid , Mohamadian Fatollah
Published: February 2024

Background and Aim: Suicide, which means harming oneself with the purpose of killing oneself, is a major health problem and one of the main causes of death worldwide. The purpose of this research was to present a causal model of suicidal thoughts based on parenting styles (permissive, authoritarian, authoritative) and the mediating role of social support and self-esteem. Methods: The design of the current research was descriptive and correlational and based on the structural equation modeling method. The statistical population of the research was all high school students of Ilam city, 390 people (182 girls and 208 boys) were selected by multi-stage random sampling method. Data related to research variables were collected using Beck's (1961), Phillips' (1986) social support, Rosenberg's (1965) and Baumrind's parenting styles (1973) questionnaires. Pearson correlation and structural equation method were used through SPSS-27 and AMOS-26 software. Results: The results and findings of the research showed that authoritarian parenting style has a direct positive effect on suicidal thoughts and a direct negative effect on self-esteem and social support. Also, authoritarian parenting style has a direct negative effect on suicidal thoughts and a direct positive effect on self-esteem and social support. On the other hand, permissive parenting style has a direct negative effect on self-esteem, but this style did not have a significant direct effect on social support and suicidal thoughts. Also, permissive parenting style did not have an indirect and significant effect on suicidal thoughts with the mediating role of social support. Other results showed that permissive, authoritarian, and authoritarian parenting styles have an indirect and significant effect on suicidal behavior with the mediating role of self-esteem, and finally, the fit indices of the final model supported the good fit with the collected data. Conclusion: Increasing public awareness and empowering families and schools, especially psychological therapeutic interventions for parenting skills and increasing the level of knowledge and efficiency of the school counseling system can be effective in reducing social harm, especially the painful phenomenon of suicide and the formation of suicidal thoughts and ideas before that.
ASSOCIATION OF VITAMIN D SERUM LEVELS AND OVARIAN CANCER : A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Supriyadi Agung , Andimapali Zulfikar , Fitria Adina , Whisnu Dewanegara Rahadiyan
Published: February 2024

Background: Knowing the modifiable risk factors for prevention and improved prognosis is crucial, as the prognosis of ovarian cancer is poor and there are few population-level interventions for early identification and long-term therapeutic success. Research on cancer has shown a great deal of scientific interest in vitamin D since it may be one of these factors.
Aims : This systematic review is to review the association of vitamin D serum levels in patients with ovarian cancer
Methods: By comparing itself to the standards set by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020, this study was able to show that it met all of the requirements. So, the experts were able to make sure that the study was as up-to-date as it was possible to be. For this search approach, publications that came out between 2014 and 2024 were taken into account. Several different online reference sources, like Pubmed and SCIENCE DIRECT, were used to do this. It was decided not to take into account review pieces, works that had already been published, or works that were only half done.
Result: In the PubMed database, the results of our search brought up 329 articles, whereas the results of our search on SCIENCE DIRECT brought up 298 articles. The results of the search conducted for the last year of 2014 yielded a total 8 articles for PubMed and 12 articles for SCIENCE DIRECT. In the end, we compiled a total of 4 papers, 3 of which came from PubMed and 1 of which came from SCIENCE DIRECT. We included four research that met the criteria.
Conclusion: In summary, some of the studies showed vitamin D supplementation is not necessary to increase the survival rate of ovarian cancer in the absence of a vitamin D shortage. There are limited studies about the association of vitamin D and ovarian cancer.
ANTIBIOTIC PROPHYLAXIS IN UROLOGIC PROCEDURE : A COMPREHENSIVE SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Amal Ramadhani Rizkia , Fithri Rofifa Amira
Published: February 2024

Background: Antibiotics are synthetic molecules that can destroy or inhibit the growth of microorganisms without harming the host. They can be used for prophylactic purposes to reduce the incidence of postoperative infection of which duration should not exceed 24hrs in many procedures given one hour prior to incision. Also antibiotics for treatment purposes are given when an established infection has been identified. Urologists commonly prescribe antimicrobial agents before, during, and after urologic procedures. 
The aim: This study aims to show about antibiotic prophylaxis in urologic procedure.
Methods: By comparing itself to the standards set by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020, this study was able to show that it met all of the requirements. So, the experts were able to make sure that the study was as up-to-date as it was possible to be. For this search approach, publications that came out between 2014 and 2024 were taken into account. Several different online reference sources, like Pubmed and SagePub, were used to do this. It was decided not to take into account review pieces, works that had already been published, or works that were only half done.
Result: In the PubMed database, the results of our search brought up 34 articles, whereas the results of our search on SagePub brought up 77 articles. The results of the search conducted for the last year of 2014 yielded a total 26 articles for PubMed and 55 articles for SagePub. The result from title screening, a total 16 articles for PubMed and 25 articles for SagePub. In the end, we compiled a total of 10 papers. We included five research that met the criteria.
Conclusion: Antibiotic therapy should be considered only for procedures in which studies have shown a clinical benefit in the prevention of infection. It is important to establish the duration and type of treatment for antimicrobial therapy for surgical prophylaxis in patients with AB who are going to receive urological invasive procedures.
IMPACTOS DA PANDEMIA DA COVID-19 NO EMPREGO DOMÉSTICO: UMA ANÁLISE DAS AÇÕES TOMADAS PELOS CONTRATANTES DURANTE A PRIMEIRA ONDA
Authors: JUNQUEIRA DIAS MYRRHA LUANA , DE SOUZA SILVA PRISCILA , NUNES DE QUEIROZ SILVANA , DIAS SALES ANA PATRÍCIA
Published: February 2024

O contexto da crise política, econômica e social que vive o Brasil, desde 2014, se agrava com a pandemia do Coronavírus. Esse cenário de riscos e incertezas repercutiu no mundo do trabalho e nas contratações do emprego doméstico. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar as ações tomadas pelos contratantes de trabalhadores domésticos durante o distanciamento social. Para tanto, utilizou-se os dados da pesquisa “A contratação do emprego doméstico durante a pandemia da Covid-19”, de alcance nacional, realizada entre 25 de maio e 06 de junho de 2020. Constatou-se que as decisões tomadas pelos empregadores em relação aos empregados domésticos variaram em função do rendimento domiciliar, antes e durante a pandemia, e pelo tipo de arranjo domiciliar. Além disso, as atividades de cuidados parecem mais difíceis de ser realizadas pelos contratantes, pois babás e cuidadores de idosos foram, em sua maioria, mantidos trabalhando, enquanto as diaristas foram as mais demitidas.
PANDEMIA DA COVID-19 E O AGRAVAMENTO DA PRECARIEDADE DO TRABALHO DOS MOTORISTAS EM EMPRESAS-PLATAFORMA DE TRANSPORTE INDIVIDUAL EM UMA CIDADE BRASILEIRA DE MÉDIO PORTE
Authors: Moreira Cardoso Ana Cláudia , Paradela Victor Cláudio , Goliatt da Fonseca Leonardo , Estorani Polessa da Silva Ana Carolina , De Almeida Siqueira Ronan
Published: February 2024

Este artigo analisa os impactos trazidos pela covid-19 aos motoristas de empresas-plataforma de transporte individual, em Juiz de Fora (MG), cidade brasileira de médio porte. Num contexto de fortes problemas socioeconômicos decorrentes da pandemia, ocupações já marcadas pela precariedade, como é o caso desses trabalhadores, são afetadas de forma mais intensa e duradoura. A pesquisa se fundamenta em aplicação de questionários, realização de entrevistas e acompanhamento de grupos de WhatsApp. Os resultados explicitam problemas estruturais como longas jornadas, desproteção, falta de transparência e diálogo com as plataformas e baixos rendimentos, agravados pelas dificuldades conjunturais. São destacados os desdobramentos futuros, considerando que essa situação tende a reforçar a precariedade laboral similarmente a diferentes plataformas digitais de trabalho em outros setores e cidades. Evidencia-se, por um lado, a impossibilidade desses trabalhadores permanecerem sem nenhuma garantia e proteção e, por outro, a urgência da atuação do Estado em relação à garantia desses direitos.
DIFERENCIAIS DE RENDIMENTOS ENTRE OS TRABALHADORES DAS ÁREAS RURAIS DO BRASIL:
Authors: De Sousa Lucas Miriã , Monteiro da Silva Rodrigo , Michellon Ednaldo
Published: February 2024

Este estudo busca verificar se há discriminação salarial entre trabalhadores que residem em zona rural em relação aos que residem em áreas urbanas, nos setores industrial, agrícola, de comércio e de serviços. Identificada tal discriminação, a análise avalia sua manifestação está também nas questões racial e de gênero entre trabalhadores rurais. Para tanto, utilizam-se microdados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua (PNAD Contínua) de 2019 e metodologia de decomposição de rendimentos de Oaxaca-Blinder. Os principais resultados apontam que residir em área rural reduz o salário médio dos trabalhadores, mesmo não havendo diferenças expressivas na escolaridade e experiência desses indivíduos. Além disso, homens brancos possuem maior renda que homens negros e mulheres, mesmo que a categoria feminina possua, em geral, maior escolaridade que a masculina. Foi observado que essa diferença salarial é ainda maior quando se comparam homens e mulheres negras; ou mulheres brancas e negras.
“VOCÊ TRABALHA OU SÓ ESTUDA?”
Authors: Rezende Camila Ribeiro de Almeida , Rafanhim Camila Sailer
Published: February 2024

Os bolsistas de pós-graduação são considerados institucionalmente estudantes e não trabalhadores, portanto, não gozam dos mesmos direitos trabalhistas e previdenciários reconhecidos aos assalariados. Negar assalariamento-cidadania à grande parte dos cientistas brasileiros é um modo de intensificar as dinâmicas neoliberais que precarizam o trabalho acadêmico a nível meso (institucional), mas também precarizam a confiança e o valor social da ciência a nível macro – que é estruturado e estruturante nas relações micro. Essa precarização corrobora para um imaginário socialmente compartilhado do cientista como alguém que “não trabalha” e da ciência como algo “não confiável”. Nosso objetivo neste trabalho-artigo é refletir como o neoliberalismo estrutura tal imaginário – simbolicamente, emocionalmente e materialmente – e como interfere nas esferas do direito e da cidadania. Para isso, nos baseamos em dados coletados a partir de uma etnografia digital de discursos reproduzidos nas mídias sociais Instagram, Twitter e em blogs de pós-graduação.
PARA PENSAR O FUTURO DO TRABALHO NOS CUIDADOS COM IRMÃ[O]S E COM A CASA COMUM
Authors: Corazza Rosana , Fracalanza Paulo Sérgio , Reis Maria Mariana
Published: February 2024

As crises que se abatem sobre a humanidade, a ambiental, a social, a política, a sanitária, a migratória, estão todas interligadas. Diante delas, destacam-se as reflexões sobre os desafios do trabalho na necessária reparação pós-Covid, que nos motivam à escolha do objetivo deste texto. A revisão de contribuições de um conjunto bastante heterogêneo de autores permite aportar elementos para, de um lado, compreender a abrangência, a profundidade e a velocidade das crises que transmutam nosso mundo e, de outro, distinguir alguns caminhos para uma reconciliação com a vida, em seus nexos mais autênticos, de reconexão ecológica com a teia da vida e de empatia e solidariedade com nossas irmãs e irmãos. Esta discussão é organizada em quatro seções: Tempos de Distopia; A Crise do Trabalho na Aceleração do Antropoceno; A Redução do Tempo de Trabalho no Caminho de Francisco e Clara; e Concluamos com “realmar a Economia”: um convite de Francisco.
Fast Biology
Authors: McCarty Niko
Published: February 2024

Living cells are frenzied, crowded places. Numbers help us make sense of it.
The Sinaitic Palimpsest of Graz University Library (Ms. 2058/2)
Authors: Renhart Erich
Published: February 2024

გრაცის უნივერსიტეტის ბიბლიოთეკაში დაცულია ერთი სინური ხელნაწერი, რომელიც თავიდან ბოლომდე პალიმფსესტურია (282 ფურცლიდან მხოლოდ ოთხი, 1–4 ფურცლები არ წარმოადგენს პალიმფსესტს). პალიმფსესტის ქვედა ფენის ტექსტი, რომელიც სომხური ასოებით არის შესრულებული, ზემოდან ქართულად არის გადაწერილი ქართული ტექსტით, კერძოდ ფსალმუნების წიგნისა და ბიბლიური კანტიკის ტექსტით. თავდაპირველი ხელნაწერის ხელახალი მომზადება ახალი ხელნაწერის შესაქმნელად (ხელნაწერის გაპალიმფსესტება), სავარაუდოდ, სინას მთაზე წმინდა ეკატერინეს მონასტერში უნდა განხორციელებულიყო VIII–IX საუკუნეების ზღვარზე. ის ოთხი ფურცელი, რომლებიც არ არის პალიმფსესტური, წიგნს, სავარაუდოდ, X საუკუნის მეორე ნახევარში დაურთო იოანე ზოსიმემ.
წინამდებარე სტატია აჯამებს იმ კვლევას, რომელიც 2015 წელს გერმანულად გამოაქვეყნა ავტორმა პალიმფსესტის ქვედა, გადაშლილი ფენის სომხური ტექსტის შესახებ. სტატიაში შეჯამებულია თავდაპირველი ხელნაწერის (“პირველადი” წიგნის) კოდიკოლოგია, ნაჩვენებია ხელნაწერის გაპალიმფსესტებისას გამოყენებულ პროცედურა და განხილულია ქვედა ფენის ტექსტის ყველაზე საინტერესო ნაწილები შინაარსობრივი თვალსაზრისით.
Old Georgian “Suffixaufnahme” revisited
Authors: Gippert Jost
Published: February 2024

ქართული ენის დიაქრონიული კორპუსები, რომლებიც ბოლო ოთხი ათწლეულის განმავლობაში იქმნებოდა და სამეცნიერო მიმოქცევაშია შესული (TITUS-ის ქართული ენის კორპუსი, ქართული ენის ეროვნული კორპუსი GNC), საშუალებას იძლევა საფუძვლიანად გამოვიკვლიოთ ძველ ქართულ ენაში დადასტურებული ერთი-ერთი ფენომენი, რომელიც სახელური ფლექსიის ყველაზე ცნობილ მახასიათებელს წარმოადგენს, კერძოდ, ადნომინალური ნათესაობითის ფორმების პოვნიერება ძველი ქართულის ტექსტებში, რომელშიც მსაზღვერად გამოყენებული არსებითი სახელი (დეგენეტიური ფორმა) განვრცობილია მის მიერ განსაზღვრული მთავარი არსებითი სახელის ბრუნვის დაბოლოებით. ეს ფენომენი სამეცნიერო ლიტერატურაში ცნობილია, როგორც „Suffixaufnahme“.
წინამდებარე ნაშრომში, რომელიც აღნიშნული თემისადმი მიძღვნილი გამოკვლევების სერიის პირველ ნაწილს წარმოადგენს, განხილულია ქართველოლოგიაში ფრანგი მეცნიერის მარი ფელისიტე ბროსეს მიერ შემოტანილი ფენომენის „Suffixaufnahme“-ს ისტორია. როგორც ბროსეს 1830 წლებს გამოცემული ორი ნაშრომის დეტალური ანალიზი გვიჩვენებს, თავად ბროსე თავის ნაშრომებში დიდწილად ეყრდნობოდა ქართველი კათოლიკოსის ანტონ I-ის ტრაქტატს თჳს ჴელოვნებისა ღრამმატიკოსობითისა, და შესაბამისად, სწორედ ანტონ კათოლიკოსი უნდა ჩაითვალის „Suffixaufnahme“-ს აღმომჩენად; გარდა ამისა, ბროსეს მიერ მოყვანილი მაგალითების უმეტესობა აღებულია არა მხოლოდ ანტონ I-ის ნაშრომიდან, არამედ იმ ხელნაწერებიდანაც, რომლებიც ხელმისაწვდომი იყო მარი ბროსესათვის საფრანგეთის სამეფო (ამჟამად ეროვნულ) ბიბლიოთეკაში.
საკითხის დაწვრილებითმა შესწავლამ გვიჩვენა ის ხარვეზები, რომელიც მარი ბროსეს ნაშრომში გვხვდება აღნიშნული ფენომენის განხილვასთან დაკავშირებით. სტატიაში განხილულია აღნიშნული ხარვეზის გამომწვევი ფაქტორები, კერძოდ, ნაჩვენებია, რომ „Suffixaufnahme“-ს გამოყენების ზუსტი წესების დადგენას აფერხებდა ის გარემოება, რომ იმ პერიოდისათვის ძველი ქართული ენა მკაფიოდ არ იყო გამიჯნული ქართული ენის შემდგომი ეტაპებისაგან და შესაბამისად, საილუსტრაციოდ გამოყენებული მასალა ხშირ შემთხვევაში სრულიადაც არ მიეკუთვნებოდა იმ პერიოდს, რომლის დროსაც „Suffixaufnahme“-ს გამოყენება ქართული გრამატიკის თანმიმდევრული მახასიათებელი იყო.
From human settlement region to bird dominated grassland: Avian diversity in the Padampur grassland of Chitwan National Park, Nepal
Authors: Khadka Bed , Pathak Abhinaya , Wilson Jennifer , Paudel Prashamsa , Acharya Paras , Ram Ashok , Adhikari Lokendra
Published: February 2024

Mosaics provide productive ecosystems that include foraging opportunities, breeding grounds and protection for birds, particularly within mosaics of grassland, wetland and savanna habitats. This study explored the status of species diversity, richness and seasonal population rate of avian species within the mosaics of the Padampur grassland of Chitwan National Park (CNP), Nepal. Point count surveys were performed in 10 randomly selected plots by walking transects or riding on elephant back during the rainy season. A total of 118 bird species and 4905 individual birds belonging to 43 families was recorded. Surveys and regression analysis revealed species preferred diverse ecotone habitats interspersed with mosaics of tall grass prairie, shrubby grassland, savanna and marshy grassland. Regression models also revealed occupancy rates were relatively consistent across seasons, however, months within the rainy and the summer season were lower than autumn and winter. Rarefaction curves showed sampling efforts of approximately 10 months to produce accurate estimates of species richness. Although the diversity indices resulted in insignificant differences between the plots, CNP appears to provide preferred grassland habitat to bird species all year round. This study suggests conservation efforts to consider these survey methods and estimates when implementing initiatives. This paper recommends concerned authorities to prioritize and give continuity to bird conservation, including grassland management alongside the wetlands within the CNP.
Reduced genetic diversity in greater one-horned rhinoceros in Chitwan National Park A new challenge and opportunity for rhino conservation in Nepal
Authors: Pathak Abhinaya , Hsu Yu-Cheng , Sadaula Amir , Prasad Gairhe Kamal , Chandra Kandel Ram , Gilbert Martin , Paudel Prashamsa
Published: February 2024

Understanding the genetic diversity of a species is vital to improve the effectiveness of conservation management interventions. The greater one-horned rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) is one of the most iconic megaherbivores in South Asia but is classified as Vulnerable by the IUCN. The species is now broadly confined to two isolated populations in Chitwan National Park (CNP), Nepal and Northeast India, which are both constrained by poaching, and the loss or degradation of habitat. Since 2016, rhino mortalities have increased in CNP for unknown reasons. To assess the impact of any current or previous mortality events, we investigated the genetic diversity in the current CNP rhino population. We collected skin samples from 67 dead rhinos found in CNP and its buffer zone between 2012 and 2019. Fragments 428 bp of mitochondrial DNA D-loop were amplified from extracted DNA using PCR and sequenced to compare with complementary sequences derived from a previous study of CNP rhinos conducted during 1986-1987. A total of six haplotypes were detected in the older sample set with a haplotype diversity (Hd) of 0.38012 compared to only four haplotypes and a Hd of 0.3374 in our cohort. This decline in haplotype diversity was unexpected as the CNP rhino population has increased by 69% over the previous 27 years. In addition, we found the haplotypes were not equally distributed across CNP, with a greater variation detected in the eastern sector (4 haplotypes) compared to the west (1 haplotype). We recommend that CNP management authorities consider translocations within the park boundaries to promote breeding between the eastern and western subpopulations to disseminate and maintain haplotype diversity throughout the population.
Phytoplankton communities in Pinang River, Malaysia: Exploratory study in the profoundly polluted river
Authors: Hanim Ismail Azma , Atikah Shahul Hamid Nurul
Published: February 2024

Phytoplankton is an important biotic component that interacts with other communities in an aquatic ecosystem. This study explored the zooplankton communities and their interactions among various water quality parameters that may affect their abundance and distribution in Pinang River. Pinang river is known to the locals as the dirtiest river in Penang due to its role in the assimilation of industrial, municipal wastewater and manure discharge. Phytoplankton and water samples were collected from three different sampling locations in the river. A total of 81 phytoplankton taxa belonging to seven phyla were identified. Bacillariophyta was the most dominant phylum of the total phytoplankton communities (43 taxa), followed by Chlorophyta (23 taxa), while Cyanophyta, Euglenophyta, and Chrysophyta were represented by 8, 3 and 2 taxa, respectively. The dominant species of Bacillariophyta were Nitzchia sp., Navicula sp. and Pinnularia sp. which were recorded as the highly abundant species found at all stations. Our results clearly showed that there was a strong, positive correlation between ammonium-nitrogen (NH4+-N) concentration and phytoplankton abundance (p < 0.01), indicating the importance of ammonia to phytoplankton growth.
Psychometric properties of the college student subjective wellbeing questionnaire (CSSWQ) in a sample of Iranian students
Authors: Faqih Mohammad Amin , Heydari Nasab Leyla
Published: February 2024

In the field of the measurement of the psychological characteristics of students in Iran some questionnaires have been so far standardized; however, negative constructs such as depression and stress have been emphasized more by these student tools. Given the lack of tools related to the measurement of student wellbeing as well as the problems of current tools besides the lack of a proper study on this matter in Iran, this research was carried out aiming at investigating the psychometric properties of the College Student Subjective Wellbeing Questionnaire (CSSWQ) in a sample of Iranian students. This is a correlational research with the statistical population including female and male students of Shahed and Shahid Beheshti Universities in Tehran (Iran) in 2020. In this study, the convenience sampling method was employed to obtain the sample and 138 students were ultimately considered as the sample size. This tool’s reliability was measured by the internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) and splitting methods and its validity was measured by convergent and divergent methods. For the subscales and the overall scale, Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were obtained above 0.70, and the correlation coefficients in the splitting method were obtained above 0.60. Moreover, the scores obtained from this tool exhibited a significant negative correlation with the scores of the negative constructs in the tools DASS, the PWI-A, and the PANAS and a significant positive correlation with their positive constructs. In the end, it was concluded that the CSSWQ has good reliability and validity in the statistical population in question.
Cytotoxic effects of ibuprofen on cervical cancer (Hela) cells through induction of nitric oxide synthase2 (iNOS) gene expression
Authors: Ganji Nima RabieNezhad , Shabanzadeh Mohammadreza , Sirati Moghaddam Parsa , RabieNezhad Ganji Sima
Published: February 2024

NSAIDs have been reported to have anticancer effects against certain types of cancer, however, the mechanism behind NSAIDs action on cancer cells is unclear in many cases. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic effects of ibuprofen on cervical cancer (Hela) cells and evaluation of nitric oxide synthase2 (iNOS) gene expression level. In this in vitro study, the cells were divided into control (untreated) group and groups treated with 0.01, 0.1, 1, 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/mL of ibuprofen for 24 and 48 hours. MTT assay method was used to determine the cytotoxic effects of ibuprofen on Hela cells. The Griess method was used to quantify NOS activity, and iNOS gene expression level was evaluated using quantitative RT-PCR. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and Student's t-test. Ibuprofen had cytotoxic effects on Hela cells in a dose dependent manner. The cytotoxic dose of ibuprofen significantly increased the NOS activity and iNOS gene expression level. Our findings indicated that the cytotoxic effects of ibuprofen on cervical cancer cells is partly mediated by increased activation of NOS.