bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Εκπαίδευση Αθλητών στην Ελλάδα
Authors: ΛΟΝΤΟΥ ΠΑΝΑΓΙΩΤΑ , ΚΑΡΑΜΠΑΤΖΑΚΗ ΖΩΗ
Published: March 2019

Από την πρωτόγονη κοινωνία έως και τις ημέρες μας, ο αθλητισμός διαδραμάτισε και διαδραματίζει σημαντικό ρόλο σε όλους τους τομείς της ζωής και της εξέλιξης των ανθρώπων. Από την εποχή της Βιομηχανικής Επανάστασης σηματοδοτήθηκε η μορφή και η οργάνωση του σύγχρονου αθλητισμού.  Στο πλαίσιο της οργάνωσης της επιστήμης του αθλητισμού άρχισε να συστηματο- ποιείται η έννοια του ταλέντου, τα κριτήρια επιλογής ενός ταλαντούχου αθλητή και η εξέλιξή του. Γίνεται  μια σύντομη ιστορική αναδρομή του αθλητισμού σε σημαντικές χρονικές περιόδους της ανθρωπότητας και αναπτύσσεται το θέμα της  ανίχνευσης  και εκπαίδευσης  ταλέντων στο  ελληνικό  ποδόσφαιρο  και στην καλαθοσφαίριση.    Σκοπός της έρευνάς μας είναι η διαπίστωση ψυχολογικών παραμέτρων που συνδέονται με πλευρές της πολλαπλής νοημοσύνης, τις ομάδες ενδιαφερόντων και την αυτοεκτίμηση.                                                                       Στην έρευνά μας  συμμετείχαν 153 παιδιά ηλικίας 5 έως 18 ετών που αθλούνται σε  δύο  Ακαδημίες  Ποδοσφαίρου  και σε  τρεις Ακαδημίες Καλαθοσφαίρισης καθώς  και  8 προπονητές. Η έρευνα επικεντρώνεται στις  Ομάδες ενδιαφερόντων (test John Holland), στην Πολλαπλή Νοημοσύνη (test Pierrette Boudreau  & Ginette Grenier)  και στην Αυτοεκτίμηση (test αποδοχής εαυτού  και των άλλων της κας Χρυσούλας  Κοσμίδου).                                                                        Από την ανάλυση των εργαλείων της έρευνας προέκυψαν οι ομάδες επαγγελματι- κών ενδιαφερόντων του κάθε παιδιού, τα ποσοστά στα οποία κάθε παιδί – αθλητής διαθέτει  καθεμιά από τις οχτώ πλευρές της νοημοσύνης καθώς και ο βαθμός αυτο-  αποδοχής του και αποδοχής των άλλων. Από τη μελέτη διαπιστώθηκε ότι στη χώρα μας παιδιά και έφηβοι με ιδιαίτερο ταλέντο και χαρισματικότητα στον αθλητισμό εκπαιδεύονται με συστηματικό τρόπο και για πολλά έτη. Αντίθετα, στη δημόσια εκπαίδευση (μαθηματικά, γλώσσα, κλπ) δε δίνονται ανάλογες ευκαιρίες για παιδιά με ιδιαίτερες ικανότητες και χαρισματικότητα εκτός αθλητισμού και μουσικής.    Τα όσα προέκυψαν από την όλη ερευνητική διαδικασία μας οδηγούν στο συμπέρασμα ότι το ταλέντο και η χαρισματικότητα του κάθε παιδιού – αθλητή  σχετίζονται  άμεσα  με την εκτίμηση που τρέφει  για τον εαυτόν του και για τους άλλους, με τις ομάδες ενδιαφερόντων του καθώς και με το ποσοστό στο οποίο διαθέτει καθεμιά από τις πλευρές της νοημοσύνης.
Η σημασία της οργάνωσης του χώρου του νηπιαγωγείου για μαθητές με νοητική υστέρηση
Authors: ΜΑΝΟΥ ΑΓΓΕΛΙΚΗ , ΚΑΝΙΑ ΑΓΓΕΛΙΚΗ
Published: March 2019

Η παρούσα εισήγηση εστιάζει στην αξία της οργάνωσης του χώρου του νηπιαγωγείου για μαθητές με νοητική υστέρηση καθώς, παρά την γενική ομολογία για τη σημαντικότητα του χώρου, ως περιβάλλον μάθησης, λίγες μελέτες έχουν καταγραφεί για την συμβολή του στην Ειδική Αγωγή και συγκεκριμένα για μαθητές με νοητική υστέρηση. Ειδικότερα, γίνεται αναφορά στο χώρο του νηπιαγωγείου, ως βαθμίδα συνεκπαίδευσης και στο πώς ο χώρος μπορεί να γίνει πιο λειτουργικός μέσα από πρακτικές εφαρμογές. Μέσω της βιβλιογραφικής ανασκόπησης, προκύπτει πως ο κατάλληλα διαμορφωμένος χώρος αποτελεί «άρρητο» παράγοντα της παιδαγωγικής διαδικασίας επηρεάζοντας σημαντικά τα αποτελέσματά της, όταν παρέχει πληθώρα ερεθισμάτων καθώς δημιουργεί συνθήκες ενεργητικής μάθησης, παρέχει δυνατότητες για αλληλεπίδραση με το περιβάλλον, για απόκτηση δεξιοτήτων και ανάπτυξη ποικίλων μορφών συμπεριφοράς.
Diversity and Molecular Characterization of Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in selected ecological regions in Kenya.
Authors: Makanda Moni , Kemunto Gladys , Wamuyu Lucy , Bargul Joel , Muema Jackson , Mutunga James
Published: March 2019

Mosquitoes play a predominant role as leading agents in the spread of vector-borne diseases and consequent mortality in humans. Despite reports on increase of new and recurrent mosquito borne-disease outbreaks such as chikungunya, dengue fever and Rift valley fever in Kenya little is known about the genetic characteristics and diversity of the vector species that have been incriminated in transmission of disease pathogens. In this study, we identified mosquito species across Kisumu, Kilifi and Nairobi Counties and determined their genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships. PCR was used to amplify and sequence the partial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) gene of mosquito samples. Molecular-genetic and phylogenetic analysis of the partial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) gene was employed to identify their relationships with known mosquito species. Fourteen (14) haplotypes belonging to genusAedes, nine (9) haplotypes belonging to genusAnophelesand twelve (12) haplotypes belonging to genusCulexwere identified in this study. Findings from this study revealed a potentially new haplotype belonging toAnophelesgenus and reported the first molecular characterization ofAedes cummnisiiin Kenya. Sequence results revealed variation in mosquito species from Kilifi, Kisumu and Nairobi. Since vector competence varies greatly across species and species-complexes and is strongly associated with specific behavioural adaptations, proper species identification is important for vector control programs.
Transient up-regulation of miR-155-3p by lipopolysaccharide in primary human monocyte-derived macrophages results in RISC incorporation but does not alter TNF expression
Authors: Simmonds Rachel E.
Published: March 2019

Background: The innate immune response is a tightly regulated process that reacts rapidly in response to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Evidence is accumulating that microRNAs contribute to this, although few studies have examined the early events that constitute the “primary” response.

Methods: LPS-dependent changes to miRNA expression were studied in primary human monocyte-derived macrophages (1°MDMs). An unbiased screen by microarray was validated by qPCR and a method for the absolute quantitation of miRNAs was also developed, utilising 5’ phosphorylated RNA oligonucleotide templates. RNA immunoprecipitation was performed to explore incorporation of miRNAs into the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). The effect of miRNA functional inhibition on TNF expression (mRNA and secretion) was investigated.

Results: Of the 197 miRNAs expressed in 1°MDMs, only five were induced >1.5-fold. The most strongly induced was miR-155-3p, the partner strand to miR-155-5p, which are both derived from the BIC gene (B cell integration cluster, MIR155HG). The abundance of miR-155-3p was induced transiently ~250-fold at 2-4hrs and then returned towards baseline, mirroring the BIC mRNA. Other PAMPs, IL-1β, and TNF caused similar responses. IL-10, NF-κB, and JNK inhibition suppressed these responses, unlike cytokine-suppressing mycolactone. Absolute quantitation showed that miRNA abundance varies widely from donor-to-donor, and showed that miR-155-3p abundance is substantially less than miR-155-5p in unstimulated cells. However, at its peak there were 446-1,113 copies/cell, and miR-155-3p was incorporated into the RISC with an efficiency similar to miR-16-5p and miR-155-5p. Inhibition of neither miRNA affected TNF expression in 1°MDMs, but technical challenges here are noted.

Conclusions: Dynamic regulation of miRNAs during the primary response is rare, with the exception of miR-155-3p, which transiently achieves levels that might have a biological effect. Further work on this candidate would need to overcome the technical challenges of the broad-ranging effects of liposomes on 1°MDMs.
European Investment Services Market Governance — an Institutional Approach
Authors: Анесянц Ю. , Anesyanc Yu. , Косарев С. , Kosarev S.
Published: March 2019

The article discusses regulatory regime of the European financial market in its institutional aspect. Research is done as a comprehensive analysis of institutionalized European Union financial market as a complex of the five elements that determine it, namely: (1) MiFID, (2) MAR, (3) EMIR, (4) CRR and CRD, (5) AMLD. The development of financial market institutions is derived as ex-post and ex-ante reactions that determines the logic of establishing anew and transitioning to updated regulatory regimes (MiFID => MiFID II, AMLD III =>AMLD IV => AMLD V, Basel II => Basel III).
Formation Mechanism of Commodity Prices in the System of Credit Money
Authors: Галанов Владимир , Galanov Vladimir , Галанова А. , Galanova A.
Published: March 2019

The pricing of goods on the market is influenced by the spontaneously emerging supply and demand. However, the spontaneity of pricing is based on internal laws, primarily on the law of value, which implies that the prices of goods are ultimately governed by the proportions of the distribution of hired labor among the branches of material production. The mechanisms of formation of the system of commodity prices can be understood on the basis of the use of the theory of chaos, which is based on the subordination of random processes of a certain regularity, which is called the “attactor». The price of a commodity is the expression of its value basis in monetary terms, in the form of currency. Since modern credit money is a banknote that is not an image of gold, the price of a commodity depends on the value the market attaches to the modern monetary unit. The monetary unit is the sign of value, the marginal value of which (or the money attractor) is the quotient of dividing the total value of the goods by the number of currency in circulation.
The Market for Consulting Services in the Digital Economy
Authors: Гарнов Андрей , Garnov Andrey
Published: March 2019

The article presents the current state of the consulting services market. IT consulting is the most sought-after area of consulting. It was concluded that the high need for IT consulting is due to the rapid development of technology and the need to ensure cybersecurity. Changing the structure of the market for IT consulting is shown. It is shown that the positive dynamics in the consulting market is constrained by the unfavorable economic situation.
THE OUTLINES OF A POST-SECULAR SOCIETY: POLITICAL REASONS AND SYMBOLIC RESOURCES
Authors: Аникин Даниил , Anikin Daniil
Published: March 2019

The article deals with the basic concepts of post-secular society and reveals the role of the past as a symbolic resource of the religious community legitimization. The specificity of post-secular society is the politicization of religion and the inclusion of religious interpretations of the past in the symbolic competition of political actors
Relationships Between Information Technology and Other Investments: A Contingent Interaction Model
Authors: Havakhor Taha , Sabherwal Rajiv , Steelman Zachary R. , Sabherwal Sanjiv
Published: March 2019

Recent studies on the business impacts of information technology (IT) have examined these impacts in the context of either other organizational resources or contingency factors. In this study we integrate these perspectives to develop a contingent interaction model. This model examines how a firm’s IT investment interacts differently with resources focusing on creating value (i.e., R&D) and resources focusing on value appropriation (i.e., advertising), depending on the environmental turbulence in the firm’s industry. The results indicate that a firm’s IT interacts differently with other organizational resources depending on (a) the resource’s focus on value creation through innovation or value appropriation in the market; and (b) the extent of turbulence in the firm’s industry. Thus, managers should consider IT’s interactions with other resources while making IT investments. In turbulent and stable environments, managers should seek ways to use IT to complement R&D investments and advertising investments, respectively. Managers should also recognize that IT may erode some of the benefits of R&D and advertising investments in stable and turbulent environments, respectively. They should therefore exercise caution when making concurrent investments in IT and R&D in stable environments and exercise similar caution when making concurrent investments in IT and advertising in turbulent environments.
Art(full) gifts: Material disruptions and conceptual proddings as creative acts of mentoring for early career art teachers
Authors: Hofsess Brooke Anne , Hanawalt Christina
Published: March 2019

Suspicious of the categories, limits and relations of power that typically define both mentoring of early career teachers and perceptions of beginning teacher identities, we set out to experiment with practices, concepts and materials that might afford new understandings and illuminate alternative practices. We explore art(full) gifts as creative acts of mentoring that attuned us to an empathetic and responsive recognition of the more-than-human ecology of teaching in public schools. In this ecology, currents of power, cultural and social norms, spaces and materials, perceptions, affects, memories, certification and training, and relationships ebb, flow, entangle and get stuck. This article, crafted in the epistolary spirit of our arts-based correspondence with early career art teachers, generates new insights and nuances regarding the interplay between mentoring and professional identities by asking: What might become of mentoring as practice and pedagogy when explored ecologically beyond a humanistic framework?
Juxtaposing professional identities and (re)telling pedagogical relations through experimental video-based research
Authors: Empain Joanna , Rifà-Valls Montserrat
Published: March 2019

This article focuses on art-based methodologies (ABR), particularly on practices based on the moving image such as experimental cinema/video and on how they can contribute to the construction of professional identities in art education and art-based educational research (ABER). As feminists, we locate ourselves in postcolonial visual culture studies and critical film/pedagogical theories. We explore how experimental video-based research, and auto-ethnographic video making, leads to a reflexive space in which to connect the artist–researcher–educator with the other bodies that participate in the research – María Ruido and a group of five fine art students. We focus our attention on the processes of narrating-editing as an autoethnographic and experimental way to produce the video narrative and the text Juxtaposition (2017). Finally, we show how the processes of narrating-editing enable the relocation of the different bodies, spaces and times and the juxtaposition of professional identities.
A DESJUDICIALIZAÇÃO DAS DEMANDAS POR MEDICAMENTOS: UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE A EFETIVIDADE DO NÚCLEO DE APOIO TÉCNICO – NAT APÓS A SUA INSTALAÇÃO NO MUNICÍPIO DE JOINVILLE
Authors: Ornelas Thaíse Siqueira
Published: March 2019

O presente estudo visa avaliar se o Núcleo de Apoio Técnico - NAT do Município de Joinville é dotado de efetividade, a qual, entende-se, é a capacidade de produzir um resultado para transformar a situação existente, respondendo adequadamente às necessidades da comunidade. Para tanto, faz-se um breve resgate histórico da judicialização da saúde no Brasil, com a análise da evolução da jurisprudência sobre o tema e das medidas adotadas pelo Poder Público para conter o crescimento exponencial do número de processos judiciais e dos gastos públicos correspondentes. No Estado de Santa Catarina, destaca-se o julgamento do Incidente de Resolução de Demandas Repetitivas (Tema 1), a instalação do Comitê Estadual de Monitoramento e Resolução das Demandas de Assistência da Saúde de Santa Catarina – COMESC e a criação do Núcleo de Apoio Técnico – NAT, com a finalidade de assessorar o Poder Judiciário, com informações técnicas e esclarecedoras sobre o atendimento no SUS, bem como de otimizar o atendimento do usuário, mediante a indicação do tratamento preconizado no SUS, quando existir, e, na sua ausência, da alternativa terapêutica existente. Em arremate, há uma análise dos indicadores apresentados no Relatório Anual de Monitoramento da Judicialização – 2017 da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Joinville e dos serviços prestados à população local pelo NAT instalado naquela cidade.
UMA ANÁLISE DA CONDIÇÃO DOS REFUGIADOS SÍRIOS À LUZ DA DIGNIDADE DA PESSOA HUMANA
Authors: Spindola Marielle
Published: March 2019

A pesquisa em foco aborda tema de grande relevância na atualidade: a condição dos refugiados face ao conflito que atinge a Síria, desta feita, o objetivo precípuo do trabalho é investigar sobre a situação de aludidos refugiados e a migração deste povo, que se tornou uma problemática no cenário internacional. Em específico, tratou-se a celeuma que atinge os refugiados sírios frente à dignidade da pessoa humana, principalmente em virtude da migração forçada, já que estes são constrangidos a deixar seus lares devido aos conflitos bélicos que assolam aquele seu país. A pesquisa se caracteriza como bibliográfica e de abordagem qualitativa. Para tanto, tratou-se de identificar sucintamente aspectos históricos e, em seguida, esclareceu-se sobre o conceito de refugiado, assim como da legislação que lhe protege, aliás, buscou-se identificar os aspectos que contribuem para degradar a vida humana e a violação da dignidade e, por fim, constatou-se a substancial violação de direitos, especialmente aqueles relacionadas à dignidade da pessoa humana, à vista das condições que lhes foram propiciadas pelo conflito em âmbito sírio.
Steps for Developing Digital Repository using DSpace: An Experience of Kuvempu University, India
Authors: Biradar B.S. , Banateppanavar Koteppa
Published: March 2019

The main purpose of this paper is to provide practical guidelines of setting up an institutional repository through dspace open source software. In the electronic publishing age, the demand for information has been growing steadily in all spheres of work. At the same time the concept of access to information at the free of cost in electronic format is gaining momentum. In this direction present paper discussed step by step procedures in building an institutional repository using dspace including collections. This paper helps in planning to build an IR. It also helps the beginners in understanding the steps to be followed for uploading different file formats to build digital repository to maintain collection with uniformity.DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology, 2014, 33(6), pp. 474-479. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/djlit.33.5478
Energy Consumption and Performance of Sectoral Outputs: Results from an Energy-Impoverished Economy
Authors: ISHIORO Bernhard
Published: March 2019

This paper is directed at exploring the relationship among energy consumption, disaggregated sectoral output (GDP) and economic growth in Nigeria using time series data. The study applied a plethora of estimation techniques (multivariate unit root, Johansen cointegration and Granger causality tests). The study found that energy consumption has enhanced the performance of agriculture, health, manufacturing, utilities, finance and transport sectors in Nigeria during the period under consideration. Long-run energy consumption was found to be detrimental to the performance of administration output (GDP). The study recommends that energy consumption should be encouraged essentially for sectoral and industrial purposes (the production of intermediate goods and services) and not only for household consumption.
Management of Soil Fertility Based on Improvement Methodological Approach to Evaluation of Arable Land: Case of Ukraine
Authors: ULKO Yevhenii , KUCHER Anatolii , SALKOVA Iryna , PRIAMUKHINA Nataliia
Published: March 2019

The article deals with the issues of the management of soil fertility based on the application of two methodological approaches to arable land normative monetary evaluation (NME). These researches have been conducted on the results of economic activity of the Poltava region agrarian enterprises of Ukraine. The differences between the two methodological approaches to the calculation of the NME of arable land in the Poltava region are shown. These approaches, namely, on cereals and on five agricultural crops, presuppose the calculation of the NME of arable land on the basis of capitalized rent income. The approaches are similar to the Ricardian model of land pricing, which is being widely used with its various modifications in different countries of the world. Our own methodology for analyzing the approaches to the NME of arable land, based on the developed stochastic harmonic models (SHM), is represented in the article.

The application of the two methodological approaches to the calculation of the NME of arable land in the Poltava region of Ukraine, which presupposes its consideration on the data concerning cereals and five agricultural crops, revealed essential differences between them in the course of the conducted economic-mathematical analysis. It has been found that the methodological approach on cereals has a lower level of the explanatory attribute variation (of humus content in soils) compared to five agricultural crops. That finally leads to the essential difference in the optimum values of the arable land NME at increasing humus content in soils. Thus, the optimum value of the arable land NME within the second methodological approach is twice as much as within the first one. The measures to improve the arable land NME, based on the data of the Poltava region and can be successfully used all over Ukraine, as well as in many countries of the world. The advantages of applying the methodological approach based on five agricultural crops were studied and grounded in the current research. This approach proves the dependence of arable land NME on the humus content and enables higher objectivity for effective and rational management of soil fertility.
Improving the Agricultural Land Use System in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: ZHILDIKBAEVA Aizhan Naskenovna , SABIROVA Alla Ivanovna , PENTAEV Toleubek , OMARBEKOVA Ardak Dikhanbaevna
Published: March 2019

The article describes the analysis of the actual state and the determination of the agricultural land use effectiveness; the land use sizes are graded by type of farmland, arable land, including irrigated one, hayfields and arable pastures for the subsequent ranking by specialization in terms of natural economic zones and areas. The necessity of improving the land relations’ system of agricultural entities in order to optimize their activities for the future has been considered. The need for achieving the optimal size of land in the growth of agricultural business profitability has been substantiated. The studies have shown that the analysis of the land use cost-effectiveness should be easy-to-use to any business entity. The assessment of the occupied area of a large farm in the region has been provided, reflecting the extent of land coverage by a single farm. This is directly related to the establishment of the optimum size of agricultural entities within the same district.
Improvement of Technological Modernization Using Behavioral Economics
Authors: KUSSAINOVA Ademi , RAKHIMBERDINOVA Madina , DENISSOVA Oxana , TASPENOVA Gauhar , KONYRBEKOV Medet
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this publication is to explain the applying of behavioral economics tools in the process of the technological upgrading of the Republic of Kazakhstan to be implemented. We need to: define the concept of behavioral economics; to reveal and describe in what way tools of behavioral economics may be applied, their nature and impact in the process of technological upgrading on the types of management; to understand and explain three principles of decision-making, the algorithm to make choice by people, profitable and unprofitable choices. Two main types of a feedback are provided and explained: reinforcing and balancing feedback.

In this article, it is required to find out what solutions are necessary for a post-industrial economy, what is constituted by methodological tools, which are required to implement the accelerated technological upgrading, and the subjects of organizational support of technological change.
Create Sustainable Competitive Advantage through Environmentally Friendly Culture of Village Credit Institutions
Authors: GEDE SADIARTHA Anak Agung Ngurah
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this research is to obtain empirical The Village Credit Institutions "Lembaga Perkreditan Desa" (herein after abbreviated to as Village Credit Institution)‟ in Bali has a unique organizational culture. It owned by traditional villages in Bali are able to compete with other modern banking. This scientific work discusses sustainable competitive advantage management and the values of the organizational culture that strengthens of Village Credit Institution get the trust of the people of Bali, able to compete with modern banking institutions. The result of the research shows that a sustainable competitive advantage management strategy coupled with the awig-awig strength in the Village Credit Institution as a medium for the role of community discipline, pade ngelahang's attitude is able to build the confidence of local villagers and the strength of the human resource role in menyame braye as an effort to build shared values.
URGENSI PENATAAN HUKUM KERUANGANGKASAAN DALAM KERANGKA KEPENTINGAN NASIONAL NEGARA BERKEMBANG
Authors: Pramono Agus
Published: March 2019

The presence of  the space industry which sends to be dominated by private companies in developed countries has encouraged the need for developing country national legal framework thar are accomodative to regulate commercial space activities. On the other hand there are developing countries that have space activities and have national legal instruments, on the other there are developing countries that have just started space activities but do not have national legal instrument. Therefore, the arrangement of international and national legal instrument that regulate the interest of developing countries is urgent. In addition, this study show that existing legal transformation is not successful considering the transformation is not less attention to the full interest of the parties concerned.
KONSTRUKSI PENGAWASAN INDEPENDEN UNTUK MENCEGAH TINDAK PIDANA PUNGUTAN LIAR DALAM PELAYANAN PUBLIK
Authors: Sonatra Pandji Ndaru , Novianto Widodo Tresno , Riewanto Agus
Published: March 2019

This conceptual idea aims to conduct a study of the prevention of criminal acts of illegal levies to realize good governance. This conceptual idea examines issues regarding what are the factors that lead to the ineffectiveness of the surveillance system in preventing illegal acts of crime in public services. The ineffectiveness of the supervision system is due to the lack of direct supervision during the transaction process between service users and the apparatus, the absence of special laws governing criminal acts of illegal levies, and the existing supervisory system has not been built integrally. In order to prevent criminal acts of illegal levies, the construction of an independent supervisory institution model is needed, whose main task and function is to provide witnesses in all transactional activities for the effectiveness of public services.
Combined evaluation of genotype and phenotype of thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) in the clinical management of patients in chronic therapy with azathioprine
Authors: Rucci Francesco , Cigoli Maria Sole , Marini Valeria , Fucile Carmen , Mattioli Francesca , Robbiano Luigi , Cavallari Ugo , Scaglione Francesco , Perno Carlo F. , Penco Silvana , Marocchi Alessandro
Published: March 2019

Background

The thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT)/azathioprine (AZA) gene-drug pair is one of the most well-known pharmacogenetic markers. Despite this, few studies investigated the implementation of TPMT testing and the combined evaluation of genotype and phenotype in multidisciplinary clinical settings where patients are undergoing chronic therapy with AZA.

Methods

A total of 356 AZA-treated patients for chronic autoimmune diseases were enrolled. DNA was isolated from whole blood and the samples were analyzed for the c.460G>A and c.719A>G variants by the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) technique and sequenced for the c.238G>C variant. The TPMT enzyme activity was determined in erythrocytes by a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay.

Results

All the patients enrolled were genotyped while the TPMT enzyme activity was assessed in 41 patients. Clinical information was available on 181 patients. We found no significant difference in the odds of having adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in wild-type patients and variant allele carriers, but the latter had an extra risk of experiencing hematologically adverse events. The enzyme activity was significantly associated to genotype.

Conclusions

TPMT variant allele carriers have an extra risk of experiencing hematologically adverse events compared to wild-type patients. Interestingly, only two out of 30 (6.6%) patients had discordant results between genotype, phenotype and onset of ADRs.
The Interaction between Erosion Particle and Gas Stream in High Temperature Gas Burner Rig for Thermal Barrier Coatings
Authors: Wu H. , Tan M. , Zhu W. , Ma Z. S.
Published: March 2019

Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) as a kind of temperature-resistance materials have been widely applied in super high temperature components in aircraft engines. However, TBCs are subjected to harsh service environment such as high temperature oxidation and erosion, which lead to the coating failure. It is important to investigate the effect of fire temperature, angle and velocity of particle on erosion to understand the failure mechanism. In this paper, the temperature and velocity distributions of erosion particles in high temperature gas burner rig are investigated by using the fluid–solid coupling method with thediscrete random walk model. The results show that a non-uniform distribution of temperature appears in different positions of the central axis, and the temperature of particle is affected obviously by the gas stream and particle size. The trajectory of particles and velocity diagrams under different particle size are determined by coupling the continuous phase with the erosion particles.
Participation and attitudes towards gambling in Ghanaian youth: an exploratory analysis of risk and protective factors
Authors: Glozah Franklin N. , Tolchard Barry , Pevalin David J.
Published: March 2019

Purpose

There is little information on youth gambling in Ghana even though there is an unprecedented emergence of various types of gambling and gambling venues throughout the country. The aim of this cross-sectional exploratory study was to examine the role of perceived social difficulties and perceived protective social factors in participation and attitudes of Ghanaian youth towards gambling using data from a school-based survey (n = 770).

Methods

Participants completed measures on perceived social difficulties, perceived protective social factors, attitudes towards gambling and participation in four types of gambling.

Results

Sports betting was the most common form of gambling. There were significant differences in gambling participation with males gambling more than females. Youth who reported more perceived social difficulties from family and friends had a more positive attitude and a negative attitude towards gambling, respectively. Youth who reported higher protective social factors from family and teachers were less likely to have a negative attitude towards gambling. In all situations, high frequency gambling resulted in a more positive attitude towards gambling.

Conclusion

Perceived social difficulties influences Ghanaian youths to have a positive attitude towards gambling, however, protective social factors from family and teachers may help youth to have a negative attitude towards gambling, gamble less and consequently achieve academic success.
Origin, ecology and human conflict of gray wolf (Canis lupus) in Suleman Range, South Waziristan, Pakistan
Authors: Hamid Abdul , Mahmood Tariq , Fatima Hira , Hennelly Lauren Mae , Akrim Faraz , Hussain Abid , Waseem Muhammad
Published: March 2019

The gray wolf (Canis lupus; Linnaeus, 1758) is one of the most widespread terrestrial species and occurs in a variety of habitats. While well studied in North America and Europe, wolf populations in Asia are among the most evolutionarily distinct, endangered and data deficient. The Indian wolf (Canis lupus pallipes) is a subspecies of gray wolf that ranges from Southwest Asia to the Indian Subcontinent. Despite being categorized as “Endangered” in Pakistan, data on the gray wolf’s status, ecology and distribution are poorly understood. The current study investigates its genetic distinctiveness, distribution, feeding ecology and wolf livestock conflict in the Suleman Range, South Waziristan, Pakistan. We confirmed that the gray wolf is present in South Waziristan and is genetically similar to the wolves of Iran and Saudi Arabia based on their mtDNA D-loop haplotypes. The gray wolf was recorded at eight different sampling sites in the study area with elevational range between 1642 m to 2688 m. We estimated a population of 15 wolves, with a density of 0.62 individuals/km2 area surveyed. An analysis on scats revealed 52% contribution from livestock (with goats and sheep being the preferred prey) and 48% from wild prey. Biomass consumption showed gray wolf relied heavily on domestic prey (88%) during the summer season, resulting in human conflict with 28 wolves killed in response to livestock depredation during 2016–2017, requiring immediate conservation measures to save its remaining population.
Synthesis of a novel brominated vinylic fatty acid with antileishmanial activity that effectively inhibits the Leishmania topoisomerase IB enzyme mediated by halogen bond formation
Authors: Carballeira Néstor M. , Alequín Denisse , Lotti Diaz Leilani M. , Matos Victorio Jauregui , Ferreira Leonardo L. G. , Andricopulo Adriano D. , Golovko Mikhail Y. , Reguera Rosa M. , Pérez-Pertejo Yolanda , Balaña-Fouce Rafael
Published: March 2019

Many marine derived fatty acids, mainly from sponges, possess vinylic halogenated moieties (bromine or iodine) but their assessment as antileishmanial candidates remains elusive. In this work, we undertook the first total synthesis of a novel series of 2-allyl-3-halo-2-nonadecenoic acids, which preferentially inhibit the Leishmania DNA topoisomerase IB enzyme (LTopIB) over the human topoisomerase IB enzyme (hTopIB). The synthesis of 2-allyl-3-bromo-2E-nonadecenoic acid (1a) and 2-allyl-3-chloro-2E-nonadecenoic acid (2a) was achieved through a palladium catalyzed haloallylation of 2-nonadecynoic acid (2-NDA) using either allyl bromide or allyl chloride in the presence of PdCl2(PhCN)2 in 57–83 % overall yields. Among the new halogenated synthetic compounds, 1a was the most inhibitory of LTopIB with an EC50 = 7 μM, while the shorter chain analogs 2-allyl-3-bromo-2E-dodecenoic acid (1b) and 2-allyl-3-chloro-2E-dodecenoic acid (2b), synthesized from 2-dodecynoic acid, were not inhibitory of LTopIB (EC50 > 100 μM) resulting in the overall order of inhibition 1a > 2-NDA > 2a > > 1b ≅ 2b. The acids 1a and 2a inhibit LTopIB by a Gimatecan-independent mechanism. The enhanced LTopIB inhibition of 1a was computationally rationalized in terms of a halogen bond between the bromine in 1a and a DNA phosphate (binding energy = − 4.85 kcal/mol). Acid 1a also displayed preferential cytotoxicity towards Leishmania infantum amastigotes (EC50 = 2.5 μM) over L. infantum promastigotes (EC50 > 25 μM).
Overview on the use of surfactants for the preparation of porous carbon materials by the sol-gel method: applications in energy systems
Authors: Ortiz-Martínez Víctor Manuel , Gómez-Coma Lucía , Ortiz Alfredo , Ortiz Inmaculada
Published: March 2019

Porous carbon materials attract great interest because of the wide range of applications in electrochemical energy systems, especially in the case of structured and porosity-tuned carbons prepared by template-assisted methods. The use of surfactant prevents the collapse of the porous structure during the air-drying stage in the sol-gel process, which is regarded as a critical stage in this method. This work offers an overview on the use of surfactants as templates for the manufacture of tunable porous carbon materials by the sol-gel method mainly using the polymerization reaction of resorcinol (R) and formaldehyde (F). The use of surfactants avoids the application of other economically disadvantaged drying techniques such as supercritical fluids and freeze-drying. The surfactant-assisted sol-gel methods reported in the literature for the fabrication of porous carbons are widely discussed, as well as the potentiality of the synthesized materials as electrodes in electrochemical systems, which greatly depends on the final porous structure. Besides, this work offers information on hybrid methods in which surfactants are used not only for the fabrication of porous carbon materials with mesoporous/microporous structure but also for the development of advanced structures and composites, including nanomaterials with enhanced properties. Finally, future prospects in the synthesis of carbon materials prepared by surfactant-assisted sol-gel method are presented.
Narrating Disability in Literature and Visual Media: Introduction
Authors: Wohlmann Anita , Rana Marion
Published: March 2019

This introduction to the special issue attempts to map the intersections between disability studies on the one hand and literature and cultural studies on the other hand. We discuss concepts of disability as a social construction before we turn to literary and cultural approaches to disability, which involve controversies and questions about genre, narrative frames, recurring themes, and form. The last section gives an overview of how literary representations of disability resonate with life writing and identity theories.
The Original Pre-Priestly Account of the Post-Diluvian Age
Authors: Naʼaman Nadav
Published: March 2019

In diesem Artikel schlage ich vor, dass im Zyklus der vorpriesterschriftlichen Erzählungen die Geschichte des Turmbaus zu Babel nach der Fluterzählung stand und dass der priesterschriftliche Bearbeiter der Urgeschichte diese an ihren jetzigen Ort platziert hat, um einen Zusammenhang zwischen dem Ende der Urgeschichte und dem Beginn der Vätererzählungen herzustellen. Später fügte ein nachpriesterschriftlicher Bearbeiter die Episode zu Noahs Trunkenheit als Beginn der Zeit nach der Sintflut hinzu, womit die Botschaft lanciert wird, dass Kanaanäer von Beginn an verwünscht sind.
The Diachronic Composition of the Shema-Reports in Nehemiah 1–6
Authors: Rice John Will
Published: March 2019

In Neh 1–6 werden Berichte über Feinde Nehemias, die vom Fortschritt beim Bau der Stadtmauer Jerusalems »hören«, oft als alte narrative Trennlinien innerhalb des Textes verstanden. Die Ähnlichkeiten in der Form verdeutlichen die einheitliche Absicht der Berichte, die Abweichungen jedoch scheinen die Arbeit mehrerer Hände zu verraten. Dieser Aufsatz untersucht die Komposition dieser Verse anhand form- und redaktionkritischer Methoden und schlägt eine relative Chronologie vor, wobei die Verwendung oder Auslassung von Volksbezeichnungen für »Sanballat der Horonit«, »Tobiah der Ammonit« und »Geshem der Araber« hervorgehoben werden.
The Linguistic Connection between Antiochus IV Epiphanes and the »Abomination of Desolation« in the Greek Translations of the Book of Daniel
Authors: Scales Joseph
Published: March 2019

Dieser Artikel stützt die These, dass auf Antiochos IV. Epiphanes sprachlich in den griechischen Übersetzungen des Buches Daniel angespielt wird, so dass er mit der »Abscheulichkeit der Verwüstung« verbunden wird. Es ist wahrscheinlich, dass der Titel des Antiochus Ἐπιφανὴς bei der Verwendung von ἀφανίζω (vernichten, verwüsten) und seiner verwandten Nominalform im Hintergrund steht, insbesondere in der Theodotion-Übersetzung mit einigen anderen möglichen Referenzen im Altgriechischen.
Gottesname und Genitivattribut?
Authors: Stein Peter
Published: March 2019

Die Diskussion um den Charakter von »Aschera« in den Inschriften von Kuntillet ʿAǧrūd und Ḫirbet el-Kōm kreist um das Argument, die Determination eines Eigennamens durch ein Genitivattribut sei in der semitischen Grammatik nicht üblich. Bei der Suche nach Parallelen blieb eine semitische Schriftkultur bislang völlig außer Acht: Die Inschriften aus dem antiken Südarabien halten klare Beispiele für die Näherbestimmung eines Gottesnamens durch ein weiteres Theonym, aber auch durch ein suffigiertes Personalpronomen bereit, die bei der Beurteilung des althebräischen Befundes nicht unberücksichtigt bleiben sollten.
A Reanalysis of Psalm 11
Authors: Sumner Stephen T.
Published: March 2019

Eine Neubewertung von Psalm 11: 1d im masoretischen Text weicht von der traditionellen Wiedergabe (»zum Berg«) der alten Übersetzungen ab. Textliche Evidenzen, vergleichende literarische Analysen und lexikalische Überlegungen schließen eine terminative Interpretation von V. 1d aus und erfordern stattdessen eine ablative Übersetzung (»vom Berg«). Diese subtile Interpretationsverschiebung zu Beginn der Psalmen beeinflusst die Interpretation der gesamten Komposition und zeigt eine didaktische Funktion, die übersehen wurde. Die literarische Episode in V. 1–3 stellt sich eine königliche Figur vor, deren Hingabe an Jahwe von einem prophetischen Rat in Frage gestellt wird, der aber Zuversicht hinsichtlich der Erlösung durch Jahwe hat. V. 4–7 macht Mut zu einer ähnlichen Hingabe an Jahwe durch die königliche Figur. Die kultische und königliche Ideologie, die den gesamten Psalm durchzieht, spiegelt die Interessen des dafür verantwortlichen Liturgiker wider.
Inhibition of Steel Corrosion in Sulfuric Acid Solution by 1,10-Phenanthroline, para-Aminobenzoate and their Corresponding Manganese Complex
Authors: Tabesh Rola N. , Abdel-Gaber Ashraf Moustafa , Hammud Hassan H. , Al-Oweini Rami
Published: March 2019

The ligands 1,10-phenanthroline, (P) and para-aminobenzoate, (B); as well as their corresponding MnPB complex [bis-(dimanganese di-μ-paraaminobenzoate dichloro diphenanthroline)] have been investigated as inhibitors of mild steel corrosion in H2SO4 (0.5 M) solutions via potentiodynamic and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. Stability of the prepared complex was examined by UV-visible spectroscopy. The corrosion inhibition, thermodynamics, and adsorptive properties obtained have shown that MnPB complex has remarkable effects in the acidic solutions. Theoretical fitting of different adsorption isotherms such as Langmuir, Flory–Huggins, and the kinetic-thermodynamic models were tested and the thermodynamic activation parameters were calculated. The data revealed that the corrosion inhibition mechanism of mild steel in acidic solutions by the MnPB complex goes via physicochemical adsorption.
MARKETING DIGITAL: ANÁLISE DAS PRINCIPIAS ESTRATÉGIAS USADAS NO COMÉRCIO ELETRÔNICO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Machado Roseli De Oliveira
Published: March 2019

O comércio eletrônico vem crescendo significativamente nos últimos anos. Destaca-se que as transações entre organizações e consumidor, conhecidas como business to consumer (B2C) tem apresentado crescimento diretamente proporcional à medida que há incrementos do número de usuários de internet. Nesse cenário, o marketing digital compreendido como a aplicação das tecnologias digitais e de canais de comunicação on-line para contribuir com as atividades de marketing de uma organização, consolidou-se como um dos campos de mais crescimento na área mercadológica. Assim, o presente estudo teve por objetivo analisar as estratégias de marketing digital utilizadas pelos principais players do e-commerce no Brasil. Foi empreendida uma pesquisa bibliográfica, visando identificar os principais grupos de estratégias de marketing digital presentes na literatura, a saber - Marketing de Busca, Marketing de Conteúdo, Publicidade on-line, Parcerias on-line, E-mail Marketing, Marketing Viral, Comunicação off-line, Marketing nas mídias sociais e Monitoramento e Medição. Na próxima etapa, levantou-se quais dessas estratégias estão presentes dentre os dez principais e maiores grupos do comércio eletrônico brasileiro. Observou-se o uso de todas as estratégias por grande parte dos players estudados, o que sugere o emprego de esforços e recursos vultosos visando gerar tráfego e aumentar o potencial de fechamento de negócios on-line.
Resting-State Neural Firing Rate Is Linked to Cardiac-Cycle Duration in the Human Cingulate and Parahippocampal Cortices
Authors: Kim Kayeon , Ladenbauer Josef , Babo-Rebelo Mariana , Buot Anne , Lehongre Katia , Adam Claude , Hasboun Dominique , Lambrecq Virginie , Navarro Vincent , Ostojic Srdjan , Tallon-Baudry Catherine
Published: March 2019

Stimulation and functional imaging studies have revealed the existence of a large network of cortical regions involved in the regulation of heart rate. However, very little is known about the link between cortical neural firing and cardiac-cycle duration (CCD). Here, we analyze single-unit and multiunit data obtained in humans at rest, and show that firing rate covaries with CCD in 16.7% of the sample (25 of 150). The link between firing rate and CCD was most prevalent in the anterior medial temporal lobe (entorhinal and perirhinal cortices, anterior hippocampus, and amygdala), where 36% (18 of 50) of the units show the effect, and to a lesser extent in the mid-to-anterior cingulate cortex (11.1%, 5 of 45). The variance in firing rate explained by CCD ranged from 0.5 to 11%. Several lines of analysis indicate that neural firing influences CCD, rather than the other way around, and that neural firing affects CCD through vagally mediated mechanisms in most cases. These results show that part of the spontaneous fluctuations in firing rate can be attributed to the cortical control of the cardiac cycle. The fine tuning of the regulation of CCD represents a novel physiological factor accounting for spontaneous variance in firing rate. It remains to be determined whether the “noise” introduced in firing rate by the regulation of CCD is detrimental or beneficial to the cognitive information processing carried out in the parahippocampal and cingulate regions.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTFluctuations in heart rate are known to be under the control of cortical structures, but spontaneous fluctuations in cortical firing rate, or “noise,” have seldom been related to heart rate. Here, we analyze unit activity in humans at rest and show that spontaneous fluctuations in neural firing in the medial temporal lobe, as well as in the mid-to-anterior cingulate cortex, influence heart rate. This phenomenon was particularly pronounced in the entorhinal and perirhinal cortices, where it could be observed in one of three neurons. Our results show that part of spontaneous firing rate variability in regions best known for their cognitive role in spatial navigation and memory corresponds to precise physiological regulations.