bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTASI METODE FAILURE MODE EFFECT ANALYSIS DAN PDCA DALAM MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIVITAS FATTY ACID (Studi Kasus : PT. EO-Industri Kimia)
Authors: Irwan Hery , Afma Vera Methalina , Falindo Agri
Published: November 2024

PT. EO-Industri Kimia adalah perusahaan Oleokimia yang memproduksi Fatty Acid dari minyak kelapa sawit (CPO). Fatty Acid diperoleh melalui reaksi CPO dengan air pada temperatur 250-260 °C, tekanan 50-55 bar. Ukuran keberhasilan proses Fatty Acid dilihat dari perolehan Splitting Degree yaitu 98% minimal. Dalam proses pengolahan minyak sawit menjadi Fatty Acid di PT. EO, terdapat variasi perolehan nilai Splitting Degree. Pada bulan Februari 2024 rata-rata perolehan Splitting Degree ialah 97,53%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah agar perolehan Splitting Degree tercapai minimal 98%. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan metode FMEA dan PDCA. FMEA adalah metode yang digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi kegagalan suatu proses. Sedangkan PDCA digunakan untuk perbaikan secara terus. Pada Februari 2024 perolehan rata-rata Splitting Degree ialah 97,53 %. Setelah dilakukan perbaikan menggunakan metode FMEA dan PDCA perolehan Splitting Degree pada Juli 2024 menjadi 98,95%. Penurunan perolehan Splitting Degree disebabkan oleh adanya BE yang terikut ke Splitting Column yang menyebabkan Floater Level Transmitter Stuck, Plug Control valve Fatty Acid dan RGW terkikis. Penyebab kedua ialah akibat adanya kontaminasi air umpan yakni %Gly > 0,2% di air umpan. Untuk meningkatkan perolehan Splitting Degree ialah dengan menjaga level air pada range 1,5 – 3 meter serta memastikan air umpan tidak terkontaminasi Glycerine ( 0,2 % maksimal).
Comparing BDD and TDD: Machine Learning Analysis of Software Quality with SHAP Interpretability
Authors: Airlangga Gregorius
Published: November 2024

This study evaluates the impact of Behavior-Driven Development (BDD) and Test-Driven Development (TDD) on software quality using machine learning models, including Random Forest, XGBoost, and LightGBM. Key metrics such as bug detection, test coverage, and development time were analyzed using a dataset from multiple software projects. Polynomial feature expansion captured non-linear interactions, while SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) enhanced interpretability. Results indicate that Random Forest achieved the best predictive accuracy, with an average RMSE of 7.64 and MAE of 6.39, outperforming XGBoost (average RMSE: 8.63, MAE: 7.37) and LightGBM (average RMSE: 6.89, MAE: 5.38). However, negative  values across all models reveal challenges in generalization. SHAP analysis highlights the critical influence of higher-order interactions, particularly between test coverage and development time. These findings underscore the complexity of predicting software quality and suggest the need for additional features and advanced techniques to enhance model performance. This study provides a comprehensive, interpretable framework for assessing the comparative effectiveness of BDD and TDD in improving software quality.
Subversion of the Victorian Gender Biases Against the Working-Class Women in Janet Hamilton’s Poems, Essays, and Sketches
Authors: Bulut Sarıkaya Dilek
Published: November 2024

Contrary to the women of the upper-class who found relatively ample space in the literature of the Victorian period, working-class women were not given due consideration, denigrated into a morally inferior position and pushed into the peripheries of the society. Janet Hamilton (1795-1873), however, appears as a Scottish working-class essayist and an exceptional poet who takes women of working-classes as her foremost concern. Hamilton, in her poems, represents the difficulty of becoming socially, culturally, and politically under-privileged women of the working-classes in a class and gender-biased world of the Victorian Britain. Reducing the distance between the working-class women and the mainstream society, Hamilton’s poems have an avid propensity to construct a communal bridge across class and gender divisions, restore the moral dignity of working women and solicit sympathetic identification with the everyday plights of the working-class women. The purpose of this study is to read a selection of Hamilton’s poetry in Poems, Essays, and Sketches (1780) to unveil Hamilton’s representation of working-class women whose participation in Britain’s industrial development has been largely evaded. The study further reveals Hamilton’s rebellious pursuit of social justice and equality for the stigmatized and marginalized women of the working class.
PELATIHAN PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH KULIT PISANG SEBAGAI CAMPURAN BAHAN MAKANAN DAN MINUMAN
Authors: Sari Devita
Published: November 2024

Desa Srigonco merupakan desa wisata yang terletak di Malang Selatan, dekat dengan pantai. Salah satu hasil pertanian/perkebunan yang paling banyak adalah pisang. Keripik pisang merupakan salah satu produk unggulan Desa Srigonco. Selama ini hanya buah pisangnya saja yang digunakan, sedangkan untuk kulit pisang kurang dimanfaatkan bahkan masyarakat tidak mengetahui nutrisi yang terkandung di kulit pisang. Tujuan kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang manfaat kulit pisang serta pengembangan produk unggulan Desa Srigonco yang berasal dari kulit pisang yaitu minuman kulit pisang (lisang drink) dan brownis kulit pisang. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan PkM ini adalah sosialisasi, pelatihan, praktik dan pendampingan dalam pengelolaan limbah kulit pisang menjadi lisang drink dan brownis kulit pisang. Sebelum dan sesudah pelatihan masyarakat diberikan kuesioner tentang materi terkait yang. Hasil kuesioner sebelum/pre-test menunjukan bahwa rata-rata sebanyak 100% masyarakat tidak mengetahui nutrisi dan pemanfaatan kulit pisang selain sebagai pakan ternak. Hasil post-test menunjukan bahwa terdapat kenaikan pengetahuan masyarakat sebesar 100%. Oleh karena itu peserta yang hadir dalam acara tersebut antusias untuk mengembangkan produk unggulan kulit pisang yaitu minuman dan brownis kulit pisang.
EDUKASI PENGGUNAAN JAMBAN SEHAT PADA IBU-IBU PKK DI WILAYAH RT 01 RW 03 KELURAHAN GADINGKASRI KECAMATAN KLOJEN
Authors: Nur Hikmah Ismy
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai pentingnya jamban sehat dalam rangka mewujudkan Sanitasi Total Berbasis Masyarakat (STBM). Kegiatan penyuluhan dilakukan kepada 20 anggota PKK di daerah X dengan materi meliputi pengertian, manfaat, dan indikator jamban sehat. Hasil penyuluhan menunjukkan peningkatan pemahaman masyarakat tentang pentingnya jamban sehat dalam mencegah penyakit berbasis lingkungan. Diskusi juga menambahkan pengetahuan lebih tentang jamban sehat yang ada di daerah X, Pengetahuan yang memadai tentang jamban sehat sangat penting untuk mendorong masyarakat memiliki dan menggunakan jamban sehat.
PEACH: a sentence-aligned Parallel English–Arabic Corpus for Healthcare
Authors: Al-Sabbagh Rania
Published: November 2024

This paper introduces peach, a sentence-aligned parallel English–Arabic corpus of healthcare texts encompassing patient information leaflets and educational materials. The corpus contains 51,671 parallel sentences, totalling approximately 590,517 English and 567,707 Arabic word tokens. Sentence lengths vary between 9.52 and 11.83 words on average. As a manually aligned corpus, peach is a gold-standard corpus, aiding researchers in contrastive linguistics, translation studies, and natural language processing. It can be used to derive bilingual lexicons, adapt large language models for domain-specific machine translation, evaluate user perceptions of machine translation in healthcare, assess patient information leaflets and educational materials’ readability and lay-friendliness, and as an educational resource in translation studies. peach is publicly accessible. 2
Development of a Questionnaire to Assess Epidural Stimulation Usage by Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Linde Margaux B. , Gill Megan L. , Veith Daniel D. , Beck Lisa A. , Whitmarsh Crystal L. , Grahn Peter J. , Thoreson Andrew R. , Hale Rena F. , Terzic Carmen M. , Zhao Kristin D
Published: November 2024

Over the last decade, several pilot phase clinical trials of electrical stimulation, applied to the dorsal surface of the spinal cord, in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) have shown that SCI-related sensorimotor and autonomic dysfunction can be improved via rehabilitation with epidural stimulation (ES). To deliver ES, clinical trial participants undergo surgical placement of stimulating electrodes within the spinal canal which are connected to an implanted pulse generator. Upon completion of clinical trial activities, the electrodes and pulse generator typically remain implanted and fully functional, however, there is a lack of information available regarding the extent to which ES usage is continued, and functions gained, by individuals with SCI. Our objectives are to develop a tool to measure community usage of ES by individuals with SCI, and corresponding performance changes within each participant, that can be widely used by institutions using ES. We have developed an online questionnaire for individuals with SCI who have undergone implantation of an ES system with the intent of improving SCI-related impairments. The questionnaire remains active and is globally accessible via the QualtricsXM application (Qualtrics, Provo, UT).
Yedi Harfi Oluşturan Kıraat Farklılıkları ve Yedi Harfin Sürekliliği Meselesi
Authors: Yıldız Cafer
Published: November 2024

Bu çalışmada, kıraat farklılıkları usûl, ferş ve müterâdif olmak üzere üç alt başlıkta ele alınarak, bunların hangisinin yedi harfle ne ölçüde ilişkili olduğu, yedi harfin hangi süreçlerden ne derece etkilenerek geçtiği ve bir ruhsat olarak ne zamana kadar devam ettiği konusu ele alınacaktır. Kıraatlerin ortaya çıkışında önemli bir yere sahip olması sebebiyle yedi harf, kıraat tarihinin en temel konularındandır. Varlığı tevatüre ulaşan hadislerle sabittir. Bununla birlikte hadislerin kapalılığı nedeniyle yedi harfin içeriği hakkında çok da aydınlatıcı bilgi bulunmamaktadır. Bu yüzden yedi harfin mahiyetiyle ilgili kırka yakın görüş beyan edilmiştir. Bu tanımları kuvvetli ve zayıf olarak ayırdığımızda kuvvetli görüşler arasında birkaç tanımın, daha ön plana çıktığı görülür. Bunlar yedi harfin, Arap kabilelerinin kullandığı yedi lehçe, çokluk mana ifade eden mecaz, aynı manaya gelen fakat lafızları farklı olan müterâdif kelimelerin birbiri yerine kullanılması ve birtakım değişikliklerle oluşabilecek farklılığın yedi vechi olduğu şeklinde ifade edilebilir. Konumuzun gidişatı bu tanımlardan, yedi harfin müterâdif kelimeler ve yedi vecih olduğu görüşleri üzerinde yoğunluk kazanmıştır. Çünkü yedi harfin ne olduğuyla ilgili ortaya konulan görüşün Mushafların istinsah edilmesinden sonra da yedi harfin devam edip etmediğini belirleyici olmuştur. Bu bağlamda zikredilen ruhsatın müterâdif okuyuşlardan ibaret olduğunu düşünenlere göre yedi harfin istinsah eyleminden sonra devam ettiğini söylemek imkânsızdır. Buna karşılık bazı âlimlerin belirttiğine göre ise yedi harf, usûl, ferş ve müterâdif tüm kıraat farklılıklarını kapsayacak şekilde olup, istinsahtan sonra da devam etmiş ve kıraatler okunmaya devam ettiği sürece de devam edecektir. Bu çalışmanın amacı da yedi harf ruhsatının istinsahın öncesinde olduğu gibi sonrasında da daralmaya uğramakla birlikte varlığını devam ettirdiğini ortaya koymak olacaktır.
Thomas Paine’nin Deizm Anlayışı ve Kelâm Açısından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Mahitapoğlu Mahmut Yusuf
Published: November 2024

Bir Hıristiyanlık eleştirisi ve doğal din arayışı olarak on yedinci yüzyılda ortaya çıkan deizm, günümüz inanç çalışmalarının önde gelen ilgi alanlarından biri haline gelmiştir. Bununla birlikte deizm çalışmalarının; deistlerin kim olduğu, Hıristiyan olan bir kişinin aynı anda deist olup olamayacağı, tarih boyunca tek bir deizmden bahsedilme gibi birçok esaslı soru ve sorunu vardır. Son yıllarda ülkemizde sıkça tartışılan deizmin tarihsel süreç içerisinde inanç anlamında yaşamış olduğu değişimler ve bugün kim tarafından temsil edildiği, ihmal edilen ve üzerinde yeterli araştırmanın bulunmadığı hususlardan birisidir. Deizm ortaya çıkmış olduğu dönem itibariyle Hıristiyanlığı akla uygun olmayan inançlardan arındırmaya, doğal din ile uyumunu göstermeye çalışan bir düşünce olmakla birlikte özellikle İngiliz deist düşünürler çoğu zaman Hıristiyan kimliklerinden vazgeçmemiştir. Vahiy, nübüvvet ve mucize gibi bütün dinler için özel önem ifade eden kavramları akılla uyuşmayan yönlerine bakarak reddeden deistlerin, Hıristiyan kültüründen söylem anlamında uzaklaşmaya başlamaları, bugün deizm denilince akla gelen ilk isimlerden birisi olan Thomas Paine ile başlayan bir sürece denk gelmektedir. Deizmi günümüzde temsil eden önde gelen kurumsal yapılarından biri, Dünya Deistler Birliği (The World Union of Deists)’dir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Thomas Paine’nin din, Tanrı, kutsal kitap ve ölümden sonraki yaşam hakkındaki görüşlerini esas alarak anlamaya çalışmaktır. Araştırmamız bu değişimi doğru bir şekilde anlayabilmek ve Paine’nin görüşlerini kelâm açısından değerlendirebilmek için din, Tanrı, nübüvvet ve ölümden sonra yaşam meseleleri olmak üzere dört ana başlıktan oluşmaktadır. Bu bağlamda tarihi seyre uygun olarak deistlerin fikirleri ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışma, Paine ile birlikte deizmin Hıristiyan vurgusundan uzaklaşarak, bir din karşıtlığına dönüşmeye başladığını; ilk dönemlerde deistler tarafından kullanılan ibadet, dua, tövbe gibi dini kavramların zamanla unutulduğu ve vurgulanmadığını ortaya koymuştur. Bununla birlikte ilk dönem deistlerinden günümüze kadar özellikle vahye karşı olumsuz bir bakış açısının sabit kaldığı ifade edilmiştir. Ayrıca Paine özelinde deistlerin İslâm’a bakış açılarının genelde bir varsayım ve ön kabulden oluşarak fikri arka planın zayıf olduğu ortaya konmuştur.
The number of partitions of an even number into sums of pairs of prime numbers
Authors: Butov Gennady
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this work is to obtain exact and approximate formulas that calculate the number of partitions of even numbers into sums of pairs of prime numbers.
Measures and Technologies for a Low-Carbon Zambian Energy System
Authors: Chitandula Albert , Abuzayed Anas , Nyoni Kumbuso Joshua , Solà Vilalta Albert , Maliye Ruth L , Kabala Edna , Cheelo Caesar
Published: November 2024

This report delves into the essential technologies and strategies that Zambia can adopt to transition towards a sustainable, low-carbon energy future. It is the second in a series of three reports and explores the intersection of technology, policy, and investment, providing a roadmap for reducing emissions while maintaining economic growth and improving energy security. The report acknowledges the significant challenges that lie ahead. Financing remains a major barrier, with limited access to capital for large-scale renewable projects and carbon removal initiatives. Additionally, the technical capacity to implement and maintain new technologies is still developing, requiring targeted training and knowledge transfer initiatives. With the right mix of policy incentives, technological investments, and international collaboration, Zambia could potentially position itself as a leader in low-carbon development within the region, while simultaneously achieving its climate goals and improving energy security.
Only changing policy? The role of coalitions in sustainability transitions
Authors: Wesche Julius , Löhr Meike , Hess David J.
Published: November 2024

Sustainability transitions can be understood as the transformation of socio-technical systems towards the sustainable provision of societal functions. Socio-technical systems are held together by formal and informal rules, also called institutions. For sustainability transitions to materialize, the formal and informal rules of socio-technical systems need to change. Institutional change is often driven by coordinated collective efforts—typically in the form of coalitions—that mobilize actors, shape policies, and influence socio-technical environments to favor sustainable innovations. The chapter defines coalitions and related concepts such as alliances, social movements, and networks, and reviews their roles within established sustainability transition frameworks, including the Multi-Level Perspective, Technological Innovation Systems, Strategic Niche Management, and Transition Management. The chapter also introduces theoretical strands that use different types of coalition concepts and discusses how they can be applied to sustainability transitions, and finally highlights valuable avenues for future coalition-related research in the field of sustainability transition studies.
Status Quo of the Energy System and Consumption in Zambia
Authors: Chitandula Albert , Abuzayed Anas , Nyoni Kumbuso Joshua , Solà Vilalta Albert , Maliye Ruth L , Kabala Edna , Cheelo Caesar
Published: November 2024

This report offers a comprehensive overview of Zambia’s energy system, focusing on consumption trends, energy production, and the associated challenges. The first in a three-part series, it serves as the basis for understanding Zambia’s energy framework by highlighting the critical sectors that shape the nation’s energy dynamics and the broader implications for sustainable growth. Zambia’s energy system is characterised by a dependence on traditional energy sources, particularly hydropower and biomass, which has constrained the country’s ability to achieve energy security and sustainability. The urgent need for reforms to diversify energy sources, modernise infrastructure, and implement cost-reflective tariffs is evident. Addressing these issues is crucial for improving energy access and supporting Zambia’s broader development objectives.
La importancia del Balance Social en el diseño de políticas pública para el fomento de la economía popular y solidaria
Authors: Páez Pareja José Ramón
Published: November 2024

El presente trabajo parte una diversidad entre subsistemas socioeconómicos que debieran verse necesitados de modelos diferenciados para mostrar sus resultados para posteriormente abordar el diseño de políticas públicas de fomento para la economía social y solidaria. Siendo para este diseño donde se precise de un conocimiento previo y caracterización sectorial que puede ser obtenido con modelos de Balance Social, justificándose esto desde el análisis hecho con un estudio de caso abordando la totalidad del sector cooperativista del Ecuador. Donde el análisis de la data obtenida nos permite el correcto diseño de las necesitadas políticas públicas de desarrollo sectorial y extraer conclusiones para extrapolar métodos desde la base de la necesidad de implementar modelos de Balance Social.
Entre legitimidad e instrumentalización política.Economía Social Solidaria y Popular en Argentina, Brasil y Colombia
Authors: Sánchez César
Published: November 2024

El artículo plantea el análisis comparado de las políticas de fomento y promoción de la Economía Social y Solidaria en Argentina, Brasil y Colombia. El período elegido para el análisis comprende desde el 2000 al 2015. Desde el análisis del cambio político y los arreglos institucionales que se generan ante el cambio político se ofrecen elementos de análisis y reflexión sobre los procesos que caracterizan las practicas estatales para el fomento de las organizaciones de la Economía Social y Solidaria basadas en la emergencia de la Economía Popular. Los procesos de instrumentalización y legitimación han generado la integración de políticas orientadas a la Economía Social Solidaria y Popular.
Knowledge Levels and Health Beliefs of Turkish Young Women About Breast Cancer
Authors: Evcili Funda , Erdem Esma
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the knowledge levels and health beliefs of young women studying at university regarding breast cancer and breast self-examination (BSE).
Methods: This descriptive study’s sample consisted of 812 female students. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form, Comprehensive Breast Cancer Knowledge Test (CBCKT) and Champion Health Belief Model Scale (CHBMS). The data were transferred to SPSS for Windows 22.0. The descriptive statistical analysis and Pearson Correlation Analysis was used to evaluate the relationships between parameters. Predictive factors associated with breast self-examination among young women were tested with multivariate logistic regression analysis. The results were evaluated bidirectionally at 95% confidence interval and significance level p
Latest advance anti-inflammatory hydrogel wound dressings and traditional Lignosus rhinoceros used for wound healing agents
Authors: Arbab Safia , Ullah Hanif , Muhammad Nehaz , Wang Weiwei , Zhang Jiyu
Published: November 2024

Wound healing is a physiological process occurring after the onset of a skin lesion aiming to reconstruct the dermal barrier between the external environment and the body. Depending on the nature and duration of the healing process, wounds are classified as acute (e.g., trauma, surgical wounds) and chronic (e.g., diabetic ulcers) wounds. The latter, often affect millions of people globally, take months to heal or not heal non-healing chronic wounds, are typically susceptible to microbial infection, and are a major cause of morbidity. Wounds can be treated with a variety of non-surgical (topical formulations, wound dressings) and surgical (debridement, skin grafts/flaps) methods. Three-dimensional (3D)-(bio) printing and traditional wound dressings are two examples of modern experimental techniques. This review focuses on several types of anti-inflammatory wound dressings, especially focusing on hydrogels and traditional macro-fungi like L. rhinocerotis as agents that promote wound healing. In this study, we introduced novel anti-inflammatory hydrogel dressings and offered innovative methods for application and preparation to aid in the healing. Additionally, we summarize the key elements required for wound healing and discuss our analysis of potential future issues. These findings suggest that L. rhinocerotis and various anti-inflammatory hydrogels can be considered as conventional and alternative macro-fungi for the treatment of non-communicable diseases. We summarized the development of functional hydrogel dressings and traditional Lignosus rhinoceros used for wound healing agents in recent years, as well as the current situation and future trends, in light of their preparation mechanisms and functional effects.
The inhibitory influence of rice husk ash on the alkali leaching and efflorescence extents of alkali activated granulated blast furnace slag
Authors: Nseke Joseph , Kirkelund Gunvor Marie , Sithole Thandiwe
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the inhibitory effect of rice husk ash (RHA) on the efflorescence and leaching of alkali-activated granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS). RHA consists of about 90% of microporous amorphous silica and possesses similar pozzolanic characteristics to silica fume and nano-SiO2. The specific surface area of RHA varies between 20 and 200 m2/g. RHA-GBFS-based specimens were mainly characterised through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FTIR), X-ray diffraction spectrometry (XRD), thermal analyses, as well as scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometric (EDS) analyses. Results showed that efflorescence decreases with the rise in RHA content due to the increase in the degree of reaction. The optimal RHA content was 15%. Specimen consisting of 15% RHA and 85% GBFS yielded the lowest extent of total alkali leaching, equivalent to 9.41%, while sample consisting of 100% GBFS yielded the highest degree of alkali leaching, equivalent to 29.9%. EDS analysis of 15% of specimens before and after leaching indicates a smaller decrease in Na+ ions from 27.83% to 25.25% by weight. However, the addition of RHA does not permanently inhibit alkali leaching but retard the extent of alkali leaching over time. With the increase of up to 15% RHA, CO3− peaks are nearly suppressed based on FTIR analysis, indicating that the increase in RHA mitigates the effect of efflorescence. XRD of specimens containing 10% and 15% RHA \ indicate the possible formation of hydrosodalite and sodium-calcium aluminium hydrate gel, which control the mobility of Na + ions; consequently, Na + ions are less prone to reach out.
Phytochemical profiling and in silico evaluation of Artemisia absinthium compounds targeting Leishmania N-myristoyltransferase: molecular docking, drug-likeness, and toxicity analyses
Authors: Boudou Farouk , Belakredar Amal , Berkane Alaeddine , Keziz Ahcen , Alsaeedi Huda , Cornu David , Bechelany Mikhael , Barhoum Ahmed
Published: November 2024

Background

Artemisia absinthium has long been recognized for its therapeutic properties against various diseases. Among these is leishmaniasis, a parasitic infection that remains a global health challenge. Targeting Leishmania N-myristoyltransferase (NMT), a crucial enzyme for parasite survival, represents a promising therapeutic approach. The bioactive compounds in A. absinthium could potentially inhibit NMT and serve as new treatment options for leishmaniasis.

Aim

This study aims to investigate the phytochemical composition, drug-likeness, and molecular dynamics of A. absinthium bioactive compounds targeting Leishmania NMT, identifying potent inhibitors that could serve as new drug candidates.

Method

The extract of A. absinthium was analyzed using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), identifying nine phenolic compounds, with kaempferol (10.72%) and chlorogenic acid (4.43%) being the most abundant. Drug-likeness and toxicity were evaluated using SwissADME and OSIRIS Property Explorer, focusing on adherence to Lipinski’s rule of five and Ghose’s filter. Molecular docking studies were conducted to evaluate the binding affinity of these compounds to NMT. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to assess the stability and flexibility of the NMT-apigenin complex.

Results

Molecular docking identified apigenin as the most potent NMT inhibitor, with a binding energy of −9.6 kcal/mol, forming significant hydrogen bonds with threonine residues 203 and 189. Drug-likeness analysis revealed that most compounds adhered to Lipinski’s rule of five, indicating favorable pharmacokinetic properties. MD simulations confirmed the stability of the NMT-apigenin complex, with root mean square deviation (RMSD) values of 0.04 nm, root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) values between 0.05 and 0.35 nm, and radius of gyration (Rg) values ranging from 2.24 to 2.30 nm. Normal mode analysis further supported the complex’s stability and flexibility.

Conclusion

The findings of this study underscore the potential of Artemisia absinthium compounds, particularly apigenin, as promising candidates for the development of new anti-leishmaniasis drugs. The potent inhibition of Leishmania NMT by apigenin, along with its favorable pharmacokinetic and stability profiles, supports its further exploration in antileishmanial drug development.
“Be yourself, rediscover yourself, and find new aspects of yourself”: newcomer youth integration in a francophone school system
Authors: Molyneux Tonje M. , Kassan Anusha , Ty Sophie V.
Published: November 2024

Negative school integration experiences can compromise the healthy development of newcomer youth. Little research has explored what affects their experiences; even less has engaged youth in the research process. This study investigated the school integration experiences of French-speaking newcomer youth in a predominantly anglophone Canadian province using the Arts-Based Engagement Ethnography research method. We explored: (1) How do newcomer youth experience a public francophone school? and (2) How do these experiences influence their positive integration into the francophone school system in a predominantly anglophone province? Data from artifacts, interviews, and planned group discussions were organized into four structures: (a) navigating school integration challenges, (b) negotiating identity, (c) confronting biases, and (d) helping other newcomer youth. Underlying patterns painted a rich portrait of newcomer youth school integration experiences, which informed their emerging identity. Findings point to needed changes to supports and services offered to newcomer youth integrating into the francophone school system in a predominantly anglophone province.
Structure-based targeting of the lipid A-modifying enzyme PmrC to contrast colistin resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Romano Maria , Falchi Federico , De Gregorio Eliana , Stabile Maria , Migliaccio Antonella , Ruggiero Alessia , Napolitano Valeria , Autiero Ida , Squeglia Flavia , Berisio Rita
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens are an ongoing threat to human and animal health. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), colistin is considered the last resort antibiotic against human infections due to multidrug-resistant Gram-negative organisms—including Acinetobacter baumanni, a priority-1 pathogen. Despite colistin being considered a last resort antibiotic, transferable bacterial resistance to this drug has been reported in humans and animals. This makes addressing colistin resistance a critical priority in public health efforts. The large PetN transferase membrane protein PmrC is responsible for colistin resistance due to its catalysed modification of lipid A of the external membrane. Despite its importance, this potential drug target was never characterised at a molecular level.

Methods

The recombinant production of large membrane proteins in their native forms is a bottleneck in modern molecular biology. In this study, we recombinantly produced PmrC and biophysically characterised it in solution. We employed in silico approaches, including virtual screening and molecular modelling, to identify PmrC ligands. The binding of these ligands to PmrC was measured using Microscale Thermophoresis (MST). The best ligand was tested for its ability to hamper colistin resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates. Finally, we checked that the identified compound was not cytotoxic at the used concentrations by haemolysis assays.

Results

We successfully produced PmrC PetN transferase membrane protein in high yields and showed that PmrC is a stable α-β protein, with melting temperature Tm = 60°C. Based on the PmrC structural model, we identified a promising druggable cavity. Therefore, we used a structure-based virtual screening to identify potential inhibitors. A small molecule, here denominated as s-Phen, was proved to bind PmrC with μM affinity. Microbiological assays confirmed that the s-Phen can drastically reduce colistin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in two A. baumannii-resistant isolates and that it is not cytotoxic. Importantly, PmrC binding pocket to s-Phen is highly conserved in all homologues of PmrC, regardless of the location of genes encoding for them and of their operons.

Discussion

Our study provides a molecular characterisation of PmrC and demonstrates the importance of PmrC as a drug target and the strong potential of PmrC binding molecules to act as colistin adjuvants, operating as synergistic tools to combat multiresistant nosocomial pathogens.
The ameliorative effect of chrysin on ovarian toxicity caused by methidathion in female rats
Authors: Hamed Amany M. , Ali Fatma Abo Zakaib , Mohammed Ard elshifa M. E. , Alrasheedi Muneera , Ragab Islam , Aldoghaim Maryam , Soliman Safaa S.
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Methidathion (MD) is commonly used in agriculture and has adverse effects on reproduction. Chrysin (CHR) has several advantageous properties, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and antioxidant properties. The purpose of the current investigation was to assess CHR’s therapeutic efficacy in reducing ovarian toxicity brought on by MD.

Methods: Twenty-four female rats were divided into four groups of six animals each. Group 1 served as a control, while group 2 rats received MD (5 mg/kg). Rats in Group 3 received CHR at a dose of 50 mg/kg. Rats in group 4 received treatment with CHR after MD intoxication.

Results and Discussion: Our research revealed that MD significantly (p < 0.001) increased the levels of MDA, caspase-3, FSH, LH, CA-125, and TNF-α but significantly (p < 0.001) decreased the levels of SOD, GSH, E2, and progesterone when compared to the control and CHR groups. After receiving CHR therapy, damage induced by MD was significantly (p < 0.001) repaired.

Conclusion: This study showed that CHR could mitigate the adverse effects that MD causes to the ovaries by decreasing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis; improving antioxidant status; and restoring the correct ratio of sex hormones.
Trade-offs among brain structural network characteristics across the cognitive decline process in cerebral small vessel disease
Authors: Wang Yao , Liu Mianxin , Chen Yuewei , Qiu Yage , Han Xu , Xu Qun , Shen Dinggang , Zhou Yan
Published: November 2024

Objectives

To investigate the potential trade-offs among brain structural network characteristics across different stages of cognitive impairment in cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) based on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).

Methods

A total of 264 CSVD patients, including 95 patients with non-cognitive impairment (NCI), 142 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 27 with vascular dementia (VaD), and 30 healthy controls (HC) underwent cognitive test and brain diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The brain structural network was constructed using connections between 90 cortical and subcortical regions. Network characteristics, including sparsity, redundancy, global efficiency (Eg), and local efficiency (Eloc), were calculated.

Results

Sparsity and redundancy significantly declined in the NCI group compared to the HC group. Eg was significantly reduced in the MCI group compared to the NCI group. All network characteristics declined in the VaD group compared to the MCI group. In the NCI group, both sparsity and redundancy were significantly positively correlated with Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). In the MCI group, there was significant positive correlation between Eg and MoCA. In the VaD group, there was significant negative correlation between Eloc and MoCA. When controlling for sparsity, Eloc exhibited a significant negative correlation with Eg in all three CSVD groups, while redundancy displayed a significant negative correlation with Eg specifically in MCI group.

Conclusion

Our study provides evidence for the heterogeneous alterations in brain structural network across different stages of cognitive impairment in CSVD. The disconnection of brain structural network at NCI stage is mainly the loss of redundant connections. The decline of Eg is the vital factor for cognitive impairment at MCI stage. The decline of all network characteristics is the prominent manifestation at VaD stage. Throughout the cognitive decline process in CSVD, there are trade-offs among the brain network wiring cost, integration, and segregation.
TMAO is involved in sleep deprivation-induced cognitive dysfunction through regulating astrocytic cholesterol metabolism via SREBP2
Authors: Zhu Shan , Wang Yue , Li Yansong , Li Na , Zheng Yige , Li Qiao , Guo Hongyan , Sun Jianyu , Zhai Qian , Zhu Yaomin
Published: November 2024

Sleep deprivation (SD) contributes to cognitive impairment. Astrocytic cholesterol biosynthesis is crucial for brain cholesterol homeostasis and cognitive function. However, the underlying mechanism of astrocytic cholesterol metabolism in SD-induced cognitive impairment has not been fully explored. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a product of liver flavin-containing monooxygenase-3 (FMO3), has been shown to be increased in the urine of sleep-deprived humans and implicated with peripheral cholesterol metabolism. Nevertheless, how TMAO affects brain cholesterol metabolism remains unclear. In our study, increased FMO3 and brain TMAO levels were observed in the SD mice, and elevated levels of TMAO were confirmed to lead to SD-induced cognitive dysfunction. In addition, we found that the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP2) is decreased in the brain of SD mice, resulting in the reduction in brain cholesterol content, which in turn causes synaptic damage. Moreover, we demonstrated that TMAO inhibits the expression of SREBP2. In contrast, FMO3 inhibitor 3,3′-diindolylmethane (DIM) alleviates SD-induced cognitive impairment by targeting the liver–brain axis. In conclusion, our study revealed that the TMAO pathway is involved in memory impairment in SD mice through deregulating astrocytic cholesterol metabolism.
Secondary childhood glaucoma in neurofibromatosis type 1: an unusual corneal leukoma case report
Authors: Ge Ling Ying , Tian Xin , Guo Han Mu , Yin Xue
Published: November 2024

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder that affects the skin, eyes and peripheral nervous system. It is rarely associated with glaucoma, especially in pediatric patients. We herein report an unusual case of corneal degeneration in a child with NF1, characterized by peripheral corneal leukoma and a membrane under Descemet’s membrane. This finding offers new insights for the ophthalmic diagnosis of NF1.
Predicting grade II-IV bone marrow suppression in patients with cervical cancer based on radiomics and dosiomics
Authors: Tang Yanchun , Pang Yaru , Tang Jingyi , Sun Xinchen , Wang Peipei , Li Jinkai
Published: November 2024

Objective

The objective of this study is to develop a machine learning model integrating clinical characteristics with radiomics and dosiomics data, aiming to assess their predictive utility in anticipating grade 2 or higher BMS occurrences in cervical cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data, planning CT images, and radiotherapy planning documents of 106 cervical cancer patients who underwent radiotherapy at our hospital. The patients were randomly divided into training set and test set in an 8:2 ratio. The radiomic features and dosiomic features were extracted from the pelvic bone marrow (PBM) of planning CT images and radiotherapy planning documents, and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm was employed to identify the best predictive characteristics. Subsequently, the dosiomic score (D-score) and the radiomic score (R-score) was calculated. Clinical predictors were identified through both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Predictive models were constructed by intergrating clinical predictors with DVH parameters, combining DVH parameters and R-score with clinical predictors, and amalgamating clinical predictors with both D-score and R-score. The predictive model’s efficacy was assessed by plotting the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and evaluating its performance through the area under the ROC curve (AUC), the calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA).

Results

Seven radiomic features and eight dosiomic features exhibited a strong correlation with the occurrence of BMS. Through univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, age, planning target volume (PTV) size and chemotherapy were identified as clinical predictors. The AUC values for the training and test sets were 0.751 and 0.743, respectively, surpassing those of clinical DVH R-score model (AUC=0.707 and 0.679) and clinical DVH model (AUC=0.650 and 0.638). Furthermore, the analysis of both the calibration and the DCA suggested that the combined model provided superior calibration and demonstrated a higher net clinical benefit.

Conclusion

The combined model is of high diagnostic value in predicting the occurrence of BMS in patients with cervical cancer during radiotherapy.
Nonlinear dynamic characteristics of wind power concentric planetary-face gear system with elastic lubrication and friction considering thermal effect under random wind load
Authors: Xincheng Bi , Jungang Wang , Ruina Mo
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Planetary-face gears combine the advantages of both planetary and face gears, offering potential value for wind power applications. During the gear meshing process, a large amount of heat is generated, and tooth wear also occurs, which affects transmission performance.

Methods

Analyzing multiple factors such as lubrication performance and thermal effects of meshing pairs plays a crucial role in improving the overall lifespan of transmission systems. This study developed a nonlinear dynamic model of a wind power planetary-face gear system, considering factors like random wind load, tooth surface friction, temperature rise, tooth side clearance, and elastic lubrication. Nonlinear methods such as bifurcation diagram, maximum Lyapunov exponent diagram, and time-frequency diagram were used to analyze the effects of wind turbine radius, average wind load, temperature rise, and lubricant viscosity on the dynamic response of the gear transmission system under random wind loads.

Results

The results show that selecting an appropriate wind turbine radius for different wind loads is essential to enhance system stability. Higher lubricant viscosity can suppress chaotic phenomena in gear systems. For a well lubricated gear system, tooth surface temperature rise is a key factor affecting the dynamic characteristics of the system.

Discussion

This article aims to provide valuable insights into improving the operational stability of the wind turbine planetary gear system.
MaxEnt and Marxan modeling to predict the potential habitat and priority planting areas of Coffea arabica in Yunnan, China under climate change scenario
Authors: Li Xia , Wang Zihao , Wang Shaoqiang , Qian Zhaohui
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Coffea arabica (Arabica coffee) is an important cash crop in Yunnan, China. Ongoing climate change has made coffee production more difficult to sustain, posing challenges for the region’s coffee industry. Predictions of the distribution of potentially suitable habitats for Arabica coffee in Yunnan could provide a theoretical basis for the cultivation and rational management of this species.

Methods

In this study, the MaxEnt model was used to predict the potential distribution of suitable habitat for Arabica coffee in Yunnan under current and future (2021-2100) climate scenarios (SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, and SSP5-8.5) using 56 distributional records and 17 environmental variables and to analyze the important environmental factors. Marxan model was used to plan the priority planting areas for this species at last.

Results

The predicted suitable and sub-suitable areas were about 4.21×104 km2 and 13.87×104 km2, respectively, accounting for 47.15% of the total area of the province. The suitable areas were mainly concentrated in western and southern Yunnan. The minimum temperature of the coldest month, altitude, mean temperature of the wettest quarter, slope, and aluminum saturation were the main environmental variables affecting the distribution of Arabica coffee in Yunnan Province. Changes in habitat suitability for Arabica coffee were most significant and contracted under the SSP3-7.0 climate scenario, while expansion was highest under the SSP5-8.5 climate scenario. Priority areas for Arabica coffee cultivation in Yunnan Province under the 30% and 50% targets were Pu’er, Xishuangbanna, Honghe, Dehong, and Kunming.

Discussion

Climate, soil, and topography combine to influence the potential geographic distribution of Arabica coffee. Future changes in suitable habitat areas under different climate scenarios should lead to the delineation of coffee-growing areas based on appropriate environmental conditions and active policy measures to address climate change.
Parental democratic communication and adolescent well-being in an era of loneliness: the mediating role of societal trust
Authors: Liu Simin , Hu Sydney X. , Su Lanxin
Published: November 2024

Background

In an era marked by increasing loneliness, understanding the impact of parenting practices on adolescent well-being and resilience is crucial. This study investigates the relationship between parental democratic communication and key indicators of adolescent adjustment and well-being in China, with a focus on the mediating role of societal trust.

Objective

The study aimed to examine the direct effects of parental democratic communication on Chinese adolescents’ subjective well-being and to explore the mediating roles of societal trust in this relationship.

Methods

Data were collected from 691 high school students as part of the 2020 Chinese Family Panel Studies (CFPS). The sample was divided into two age groups: 16-17 years old (n=493) and 18 years old (n=198). Multi-group Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the data.

Results

SEM analysis revealed age-specific effects of parental democratic communication (PDC) on subjective well-being (SWB). For ages 16-17, PDC directly influenced SWB (β=0.269, p<0.001) with significant serial mediations through societal trust, negative emotion, and pleasant life experiences. For 18-year-olds, only societal trust mediated the PDC-SWB relationship (β=0.16, p<0.01). Meanwhile, the effect of societal trust is superior to that of other mediating variables in both groups. Multi-group analysis showed measurement invariance but differences in structural relationships across age groups.

Conclusions

Parental democratic communication has a direct as well as serial mediated impact on mid-adolescents’ subjective well-being and an indirect impact through societal trust in late adolescence, among Chinese adolescents. These results point to a pattern we term “Societal Trust-Mediated Well-Being,” which appears to wield greater influence than negative emotions or pleasant life experiences, particularly among older adolescents. These results underscore the need for developmentally tailored approaches and integrative interventions that adapt to the changing dynamics of adolescent well-being in a rapidly evolving society.
A historical review of promotions of physical activity for adolescents in China from 1949 to 2020
Authors: Gao Guocheng , Liu Jingxuan , Xu Mingyue , Xia Rui , Zhao Lunan
Published: November 2024

Promotions of physical exercise for adolescents have become key elements of the country’s national sports and health campaigns in China. Specifically, these promotions have gone through four stages including Initial Institutionalization, Standardization and Legalization, Solidification and Publicization, and Comprehensiveness and Diversification, which are interpreted based on the Multiple Streams Framework with discussions of the role and dynamism of the problem streams, political streams, and policy streams included. The results reveal that the political streams, reified by the will of the governing party and the central government in particular, play a leading role in policy transformations. Consequently, identifications of existing problems and subsequent adoption of proper measures emerge as the key to generating policy developments in the promotion of physical exercise for adolescents in China.
How (absent) fans influenced football during the COVID 19 pandemic?
Authors: Arrondel Luc , Duhautois Richard , Françon Baptiste
Published: November 2024

The fact that home football teams win more games than away teams has been largely discussed in the literature. Crowd factors appear to be the most dominant cause of this home advantage. At the end of the 2019–2020 season, the COVID-19 pandemic forced European football teams to close their stadium to fans, allowing researchers to exploit this natural experiment to analyze the effects of crowd on match outcomes and referees' decisions. To answer to this question, we used match data played in the top two divisions of four of the main national professional leagues in European countries and Portugal in the 2018–19 and the 2019–20 seasons. We find that the total absence of a generally supportive crowd has a significant effect on home advantage. This results in a reduction of the chances of a home win, a poorer performance by the home team's players, and more severe refereeing decisions toward the home team and less severe toward the away team.