bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Divide & conquer-based inclusion dependency discovery
Authors: Papenbrock Thorsten , Kruse Sebastian , Quiané-Ruiz Jorge-Arnulfo , Naumann Felix
Published: May 2015

The discovery of all inclusion dependencies (INDs) in a dataset is an important part of any data profiling effort. Apart from the detection of foreign key relationships, INDs can help to perform data integration, query optimization, integrity checking, or schema (re-)design. However, the detection of INDs gets harder as datasets become larger in terms of number of tuples as well as attributes.

To this end, we propose Binder, an IND detection system that is capable of detecting both unary and n-ary INDs. It is based on a divide & conquer approach, which allows to handle very large datasets -- an important property on the face of the ever increasing size of today's data. In contrast to most related works, we do not rely on existing database functionality nor assume that inspected datasets fit into main memory. This renders Binder an efficient and scalable competitor. Our exhaustive experimental evaluation shows the high superiority of Binder over the state-of-the-art in both unary (Spider) and n-ary (Mind) IND discovery. Binder is up to 26x faster than Spider and more than 2500x faster than Mind.
Optimal probabilistic cache stampede prevention
Authors: Vattani Andrea , Chierichetti Flavio , Lowenstein Keegan
Published: May 2015

When a frequently-accessed cache item expires, multiple requests to that item can trigger a cache miss and start regenerating that same item at the same time. This phenomenon, known as cache stampede, severely limits the performance of databases and web servers. A natural countermeasure to this issue is to let the processes that perform such requests to randomly ask for a regeneration before the expiration time of the item. In this paper we give optimal algorithms for performing such probabilistic early expirations. Our algorithms are theoretically optimal and have much better performances than other solutions used in real-world applications.
Effects of LEP, GYS1, MYOD1, and MYF5 polymorphisms on pig economic traits
Authors: Park Sang-Je , Ha Jeongim , Kim Il-Suk , Kwon Seul Gi , Hwang Jung Hye , Park Da Hye , Kang Deok Gyeong , Kim Tae Wan , Kim Sam Woong , Kim Chul Wook
Published: May 2015

In the present study, we examined the effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of leptin (LEP), skeletal muscle glycogen synthase (GYS1), myogenic differentiation 1 (MYOD1), and myogenic factor 5 (MYF5) genes on economic trait association in pigs. LEP/HindIII, MYOD1/DdeI, MYF5/FokI, and GYS1/FokI genotypes were identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) from 466 pigs comprised of Duroc, Landrace and Yorkshire breeds. The LEP/HindIII polymorphism differed significantly with respect to average daily gain (ADG) in Duroc pigs (P<0.05). However, the GYS1/FokI polymorphism was not significantly associated with any trait. The MYOD1/DdeI polymorphism was significantly associated with both ADG and meat percentage (MP) in Duroc pigs, and ADG, backfat thickness (BFT) and feed efficiency (FE) in Landrace pigs, whereas the MYOD1/DdeI polymorphism was not significantly associated with any trait in Yorkshire pigs. In addition, the MYF5/FokI polymorphism revealed a close relationship with ADG in Duroc pigs. In conclusion, we believe that the SNPs within LEP, MYOD1 and MYF5 in certain pig breeds play important roles as potential genetic markers for economic traits of pigs.
Cephalosporin resistant bacterial strains isolated from respiratory infections
Authors: Botnarciuc Mihaela , Stan Irina , Ispas Sorina
Published: May 2015

Objectives: The objective of the study is the evaluation of the actual resistance to second, third, and fourth generation cephalosporins over bacterial strains isolated from respiratory infections. The main causes for cephalosporin resistance of pathogenic and conditioned pathogen bacteria are: widespread usage, and impair immune response.

Materials and methods: The analyzed specimens were throat swabs and sputum, from adult patients. The tests were performed using disk diffusion technique. We tested the following cephalosporin: From second generation: cefuroxime axetil; from third generation: cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefpodoxime; Combinations of cephalosporins and beta-lactamase inhibitors: cefotaxime + clavulanic acid; ceftazidim + clavulanic acid; From fourth generation: cefepime; and association cefepime and clavulanic acid.

Results: The following bacterial strains were isolated: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Group C β-hemolytic Streptococcus, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus sp. The Group A. β-hemolytic Streptococcus isolated strains were not tested. For Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, K. pneumoniae and Proteus, we found a high frequency resistance tocefuroxim, approximately 47%. Highest resistance to third generation cephalosporin was identified to E.coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, especially resistant to cefotaxime, cefotaxime + clavulanic acid and ceftazidime.

Conclusions: Cefpodoxime can be considered as a first election antibiotic in treating upper and lower respiratory tract infections, due to the lowest level of bacterial strain resistance, approximately 10% of the third generation cephalosporines tested. Also, cefepime may be proper in treating severe respiratory tract infections, with resistant broad-spectrum antibiotics bacterial strains. In our trial, resistance to cefepime was to a minimum low, approximately 4%, represented by the E.coli strains.
Gastric primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a case report and literature review
Authors: Ghitoi Sinziana-Andra , Aşchie Mariana , Enciu Manuela , Cozaru Georgeta Camelia , Chisoi Anca
Published: May 2015

Non-Hodgkin malignant lymphomas represent a heterogeneous group of monoclonal tumors developing from cells belonging to the immune system. Primary gastric lymphomas are defined as those malignant limphoproliferative diseases whose initial symptoms are located in the stomach or tumor mass located in the stomach. This paper aims to present a new case of primary gastric non Hodgkin lymphoma diagnosed by histologic and immunohistochemical examination of a partial gastrectomy specimen. The patient is a 51-years old man with a history of smoking, hospitalized for asthenia, hematemesis and melena. Microscopically the tumor consisted of mature small lymphocytes admixed with plasmocitoid lymphocytes and mature plasmocytes. Some of the tumoral cells showed citoplasmatic pas positive inclusions. Immunohistochemical stains were strongly positive for CD20 and 30-40% positive for Ki67.Based on the clinical and histological findings, a diagnosis of gastric primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma was established.
Treatment of trochanteric fractures using the Gamma nail
Authors: Botnaru V. , Șerban Al. O. , Valcu Al. , Obadă B.
Published: May 2015

A retrospective study on 2 years and 4 months (April 2012 - August 2014) on 430 patients admitted with trochanteric fractures in our Clinic. The surgical indications depended on the patients age, degree of osteoporosis, level activity, associated pathologies and the anatomo-clinical particularity of the fractures. The fractures were operated with gamma nail. The surgery was done in the first 24-72 hours, patients were followed clinically and radiographically at 2, 4, 6 months postoperative. The age of the patients were between 28-95 years, female sex was predominant in 65% of case. It was reported a case of a fracture produced intraoperatory during progression of the nail, 11 bronhopulmonary complications, 5 phlebitis, 7 cases of hematoma after surgery, a case of pseudarthrosis with loosening of implant and 4 dead. There were no septic complications. Fractures consolidate within 12- 14 weeks. The results were appreciated according to fracture reduction, stability of implant, consolidation time and possibility of walking and weight bearing on operated limb.
Classification of persistent and long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation by means of surface electrocardiograms
Authors: Ortigosa Nuria , Fernández Carmen , Galbis Antonio , Cano Óscar
Published: May 2015

Atrial fibrillation, which is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, is typically classified into four clinical subtypes: paroxysmal, persistent, long-standing persistent and permanent. The ability to distinguish between them is of crucial significance in choosing the most suitable therapy for each patient. Nevertheless, classification is currently established once the natural history of the arrhythmia has been disclosed as it is not possible to make an early differentiation. This paper presents a novel method to discriminate persistent and long-standing atrial fibrillation patients by means of a time-frequency analysis of the surface electrocardiogram. Classification results provide approximately 75% accuracy when evaluating ECGs of consecutive unselected patients from a tertiary center and higher than 80% when patients are not under antiarrhythmic treatment or do not have structural heart disease (76% sensitivity and 88% specificity). Moreover, to our knowledge, this is the first study that discriminates between persistent and long-standing persistent subtypes in a heterogeneous population sample and without discontinuing antiarrhythmic therapy to patients. Thus, it can help clinicians to address the most suitable therapeutic approach for each patient.
Towards Successful Cloud Ordering Service
Authors: Chen Yan-Kwang , Chen Yi-Ju , Chiu Fei-Rung , Wang Cheng-Yi
Published: May 2015

Background: The rise of cloud services has led to a drastic growth of e-commerce and a greater investment in development of new cloud services systems by related industries. For SaaS developers, it is important to understand customer needs and make use of available resources at as early as the system design and development stage. Objectives: This study integrates E-commerce Systems (ECS) Success model and Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) into empirical research of the critical factors for cloud ordering system success. Methods/Approach: A survey research is conducted to collect data on customer perceptions of the importance and performance of each attribute of the particular cloud ordering service. The sample is further divided according to the degree of use of online shopping into high-usage users and low-usage users in order to explore their views regarding the system and generate adequate coping strategies. Results: Developers of online ordering systems can refer to the important factors obtained in this study when planning strategies of product/service improvement. Conclusions: The approach proposed in this study can also be applied to evaluation of other kinds of cloud services systems.
How to Write and Publish A Scientific Paper: A Closer Look to Eastern European Economics, Business and Management Journals
Authors: Bach Mirjana Pejić
Published: May 2015

Background: Scientific research publishing carries significant role in the development of the society. Apart from the dissemination of knowledge, there are also motives for publication of scientific research results at the level of individual researchers. Objectives: The goal of the paper is to propose simple, yet highly applicable advice when pursuing the publication of a paper in a scientific journal providing a closer look to economics, business and management journals that focus on Eastern European countries. Methods/Approach: The 4 Cs model of scientific writing and publication is presented, based on four questions: (1) How to pick a topic relevant for publication?; (2) How to select a journal for possible publication?; (3) How to structure the paper in accordance with the IMRAD format?, and (4) How to efficiently write the paper? Results: Step-by-step application of the 4C’s model is presented in the paper with an outlook to economics, business and management journals that focus on Eastern European countries. Conclusions: Publication in a scientific journal is an important venue for scientific researchers. In preparing the presentation of the scientific research results for the publication, number of issues relating content, style, composition and presentation should be taken into account.
埋怨类话语标记语的语用功能与认知特征
Authors: 明强 周
Published: May 2015

提要

埋怨类话语标记语是一种表示埋怨情绪的话语标记，主要有 “真是/也真是” “真是的/也真是的” “何必呢” “何苦呢” “至于吗” “你看你” “不是我说你” “不是我V你” “看/瞧你说的” “你这个/种人啊” “再怎么说” 等。埋怨类话语标记语可以提示所说话语具有埋怨的特征，其埋怨程度随语境、埋怨对象、埋怨内容等不同而有所不同。埋怨内容与埋怨情绪相匹配，埋怨情绪以埋怨类话语标记语来显现，埋怨情绪随埋怨对象发生变化，埋怨类话语标记语需依语境作出选择。埋怨类话语标记语的认知，关键也在于对埋怨情绪的把握，在认知结果上具有互通性、差异性和趋同性等特征。
First trimester PAPP-A2, PAPP-A and hCGβ in small-for-gestational-age pregnancies
Authors: Hansen Young Bae , Myrhøj Vibeke , Jørgensen Finn Stener , Oxvig Claus , Sørensen Steen
Published: May 2015

Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A2 (PAPP-A2) is a recently discovered protease that cleaves a subset of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBP). The molecular function suggests its involvement in the IGF system that is vital for fetal growth and development. Our objectives were to establish first trimester median curves of PAPP-A2, PAPP-A and hCGβ for singleton normal pregnancies and to investigate whether an altered level of one or more of the biomarkers is associated with small-for-gestational-age (SGA) neonates before and after stratification according to maternal hypertension and/or proteinuria.

This was a case-control study based on 985 pregnant women delivering normal-weighted neonates and 170 pregnant women delivering SGA neonates. PAPP-A2 was measured by ELISA. PAPP-A and hCGβ were measured by an automatic analyzer. Median curves from 8+1 to 14+0 were established and all concentration values were converted to multiples of the median (MoM) values.

Before stratification the SGA cases had unaffected PAPP-A2 MoM and hCGβ MoM levels but lower PAPP-A MoM compared with normal controls. After stratification the SGA normotensive subgroup had lower PAPP-A2 MoM and PAPP-A MoM levels than the normal normotensive subgroup. Severe preeclamptic women delivering SGA neonates had higher PAPP-A2 MoM compared to the normotensive women delivering SGA neonates.

Pregnant women delivering SGA neonates did not have altered levels of PAPP-A2 or hCGβ but had lower PAPP-A level in the first trimester compared with pregnant women delivering normal-weighted neonates. Pregnancies complicated with severe preeclampsia and SGA may be associated with high PAPP-A2 level.
Exogenous hydrogen sulfide exhibits anti-cancer effects though p38 MAPK signaling pathway in C6 glioma cells
Authors: Zhao Lanfu , Wang Yuan , Yan Quan , Lv Wenhai , Zhang Yufu , He Shiming
Published: May 2015

It has been documented that H2S, in some types of cancer, promotes tumor proliferation, whereas, in the other types, it inhibits the tumor cell growth. In the present study, we investigated the anti-cancer effects and relevant mechanisms of NaHS in C6 glioma cells. C6 cells were subjected to different concentrations of NaHS, then cell viability and morphological changes were examined by MTT assay and Hoechst staining. The protein expression of Caspase-3, Bcl-2, Bax, p38 MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase), and p53 was measured by Western blotting. This work demonstrated that NaHS could reduce cell number and induce apoptosis of C6 gliomas cells. The protein expression of Caspase-3 and Bax was up-regulated, while the protein expression of Bcl-2 was down-regulated. Additionally, p38 MAPK and p53 were activated in response to NaHS. Moreover, p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580, counteracted the inhibitory effect of NaHS on C6 glioma cells. These data suggest that NaHS can effectively reduce cell number of C6 cells by triggering the apoptosis via Caspase-dependent pathway. p38 MAPK and p53 play an important role in NaHS-induced apoptosis in C6 cells. These findings imply that administration of NaHS may represent a new strategy for the treatment of glioma.
Simulator for Distribution Scheduling in Downstream
Authors: Heckl István , Borbás Péter István , Szombathelyi Béla , Frits Márton
Published: May 2015

A novel simulator for distribution scheduling in downstream of the oil industry is introduced in this work to identify inconsistencies in the proposed short term schedule. The simulation system is actively used in the MOL Plc which is a major regional oil company in Central Europe. It takes into account production and storage sites, tanks (mobile and immobile part), and of course the pipelines. The pipeline network features branching points, the pipe diameter may change between two sites, there are parallel pipelines between two sites, and the direction of a pipe can be reversed. Different products, next to each other, are transported through a single pipe. The movement of the product in the pipeline is driven by the recently pumped product. The exact locations of the products within the pipes are calculated by this custom simulator.

The simulation has three phases: providing the initial data and the input, such as the actual contents of the pipes, tanks, and the planned product transfers; the simulation itself; and the presentation of the results. The initial data come from human operators and other IT systems. The simulator highlights the potential error in the schedule. The changing content of each pipe and the levels of the tanks can be displayed. If inconsistency occurs, the schedule has to be modified and the simulation has to be restarted. The simulator is extended to be able to handle barge and train transportation, and spots errors regarding foreign inventory.
Online Algorithms for a Generalized Parallel Machine Scheduling Problem
Authors: Szalkai István , Dósa György
Published: May 2015

We consider different online algorithms for a generalized scheduling problem for parallel machines, described in details in the second section. This problem is the generalization of the classical parallel machine scheduling problem, when the makespan is minimized; in that case each job contains only one task. On the other hand, the problem in consideration is still a special version of the workflow scheduling problem. We present several heuristic algorithms and compare them by computer tests.
Wpływ wystąpienia incydentów „burzy elektrycznej” na jakość życia i aktywność fizyczną u pacjentów po implantacji kardiowertera- defibrylatora / The influence “electrical storm” incidents on the quality of life and physical activity in patients after cardioverter defibrillator implantation
Authors: Kazimierska Barbara , Suska-Bąk Natasza , Kowalik Ilona , Maciąg Aleksander , Smolis-Bąk Edyta
Published: May 2015

Streszczenie

Wstęp: Celem pracy była ocena poziomu aktywności fizycznej, jakości życia oraz lęku, stresu i depresji u pacjentów po wszczepieniu kardiowertera-defibrylatora (ICD), u których wystąpił bądź nie incydent burzy elektrycznej związany z wielokrotnymi interwencjami ICD.

Materiał i metody: Przebadano 36 pacjentów z ICD w wieku od 39 do 83 lat. Pacjentów podzielono na dwie grupy: osoby u których wystąpił (Burza +) lub nie (Burza -) incydent burzy elektrycznej. Badano: poziom aktywności fizycznej, jakości życia oraz depresji, stresu i lęku.

Wyniki: W grupie Burza (+) znamiennie częściej występowały utraty przytomności przed wszczepieniem ICD i wyładowania po implantacji, niż w grupie Burza (-). Stwierdzono, iż w grupie Burza (+) u znamiennie większej ilości osob występowała obawa przed wyładowaniami, w porównaniu z grupą Burza (-). Istotnie większy był też u niej poziom lęku. W grupie Burza (+) występowały łagodne objawy depresyjne, poziom stresu był natomiast zbliżony w obu grupach. Badani nie różnili się pomiędzy sobą w większości parametrów jakości życia oraz całotygodniowej aktywności fizycznej.

Wnioski: 1.Występowanie incydentów burzy elektrycznej u pacjentów z ICD istotnie zwiększa poziomu lęku przed detekcją urządzenia, wpływa na występowanie łagodnych objawów depresyjnych. 2.Burza elektryczna nie rzutuje na wzrost poziomu odczuwanego stresu, ani też na całotygodniową aktywność fizyczną. 3. Burze elektryczne ograniczają wykonywanie pracy zawodowej i prac domowych.4.Częstsze utraty przytomności u pacjentów przed wszczepieniem ICD mogą wskazywać na zwiększenie częstotliwości burz elektrycznych pojawiających się po implantacji urządzenia.
European standards and North American practice parameters for skin prick testing panels in allergic rhinitis and asthma
Authors: Popescu Florin-Dan
Published: May 2015

According to the Global Allergy and Asthma European Network (GA²LEN), a pan-European skin prick test panel for the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis and asthma includes 18 aeroallergen extracts, supplemented if necessary for regional or for particular patient needs, while the Allergen Subcommittee and Immunotherapy Committee of the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (AAAAI) selected 36 major clinically relevant aeroallergens for North America.
Misdiagnosis of laryngeal sarcomatoid squamous cell carcinoma – case report
Authors: Csiszér Irén , Mocanu Simona , Budu Vlad , Neagos Adriana
Published: May 2015

BACKGROUND. Even if it is a rare variant growth pattern of squamous cell carcinoma, sarcomatoid carcinoma seems to have almost the same clinical manifestations and risk factors as conventional squamous cell carcinoma.

CASE REPORT. This paper presents a complex case of a 59-year-old female patient known with laryngeal papillomatosis, who presented in our Department for moderate to severe inspiratory dyspnea associated with dysphonia and difficulty in swallowing. We mention that the patient had been previously evaluated by a pneumologist for apnea, snoring and daytime sleepiness and diagnosed and treated for sleep apnea syndrome. Clinical, laboratory, imaging and pathologic examinations revealed the association of upper airway obstruction with laryngeal cancer. Surgical intervention consisted in total laryngectomy and selective neck dissection associated with permanent tracheotomy. The microscopic appearance was that of a bilateral transglottic sarcomatoid squamous cell carcinoma without metastasis in the right lymph node.

CONCLUSION. It is important to evaluate the clinical and imagistic status of patients with laryngeal tumors in order to make a correct decision concerning their treatment policy. We emphasize that cooperation between multiple departments is absolutely necessary in order to adequately resolve, explore, diagnose and treat patients with laryngeal pathology.
The role of olfactory ensheating cells in regenerative medicine: review of the literature
Authors: Grosu-Bularda Andreea , Manea Claudiu , Lascar Ioan
Published: May 2015

Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) join olfactory axons in their entrance to the central nervous system, representing a unique population of glial cells with functions in olfactory neurogenesis, axonal growth and olfactory bulb formation. Olfactory ensheathing cells have a great potential to induce repair for neural injuries, in central nervous system and peripheral nervous system, existing numerous experimental and clinical studies lately, reporting beneficial effects in anatomical and functional recovery. Studies are also conducted in order to establish possible pro-regenerative effects of the OECs, their potential in tissue repair and ability to modulate the immune system. The aim of this paper was to review the properties of olfactory ensheathing cells and their potential therapeutic role in regenerative medicine.
The role of inflammatory mediators in the pathogenesis of nasal polyposis: Literature review
Authors: Duda Roxana
Published: May 2015

Nasal polyposis represents a late stage of long-lasting inflammation of the sinonasal mucosa, characterized by increased inflammatory cells infiltration and anomalous tissue remodelling. A wide range of chemical mediators such as cytokines, chemokines, cell adhesion molecules are involved in the pathomechanism of nasal polyposis, but their significance has not been completely clarified.

Eosinophils are the dominant inflammatory cell population in nasal polyposis and are thought to be the central effector cells responsible for the onset and maintenance of the inflammatory process. Persistent inflammation of the sinonasal mucosa can lead to structural changes, such as epithelial damage, thickened basement membrane, stromal edema, formation of pseudocysts. This review summarizes prior and current knowledge regarding the involvement of the inflammatory process in the pathogenesis of nasal polyposis.
Psychological Momentum in Team Sport: An Intervention Program in Professional Soccer
Authors: Larsen Carsten Hvid , Henriksen Kristoffer
Published: May 2015

This article presents an intervention program with an under-17 soccer team, in which a coach and a sport psychology consultant integrated training of psychological momentum (PM) into daily practice sessions. Starting out with basic description of PM, we proceed to describe how the intervention program was applied in a professional soccer team. The paper provides a detailed description of an 18 months intervention program that progressed from initiation of the program, group discussions, action plans, to on-pitch training of PM. The article finishes with reviewing under-17 coach and player reflections on the application of the intervention program.
Synaptic Function of Rab11Fip5: Selective Requirement for Hippocampal Long-Term Depression
Authors: Bacaj Taulant , Ahmad Mohiuddin , Jurado Sandra , Malenka Robert C. , Südhof Thomas C.
Published: May 2015

Postsynaptic AMPA-type glutamate receptors (AMPARs) are among the major determinants of synaptic strength and can be trafficked into and out of synapses. Neuronal activity regulates AMPAR trafficking during synaptic plasticity to induce long-term changes in synaptic strength, including long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD). Rab family GTPases regulate most membrane trafficking in eukaryotic cells; particularly, Rab11 and its effectors are implicated in mediating postsynaptic AMPAR insertion during LTP. To explore the synaptic function of Rab11Fip5, a neuronal Rab11 effector and a candidate autism-spectrum disorder gene, we performed shRNA-mediated knock-down and genetic knock-out (KO) studies. Surprisingly, we observed robust shRNA-induced synaptic phenotypes that were rescued by a Rab11Fip5 cDNA but that were nevertheless not observed in conditional KO neurons. Both in cultured neurons and acute slices, KO of Rab11Fip5 had no significant effect on basic parameters of synaptic transmission, indicating that Rab11Fip5 is not required for fundamental synaptic operations, such as neurotransmitter release or postsynaptic AMPAR insertion. KO of Rab11Fip5 did, however, abolish hippocampal LTD as measured both in acute slices or using a chemical LTD protocol in cultured neurons but did not affect hippocampal LTP. The Rab11Fip5 KO mice performed normally in several behavioral tasks, including fear conditioning, but showed enhanced contextual fear extinction. These are the first findings to suggest a requirement for Rab11Fip5, and presumably Rab11, during LTD.
The Order and Place of Neuronal Differentiation Establish the Topography of Sensory Projections and the Entry Points within the Hindbrain
Authors: Zecca Andrea , Dyballa Sylvia , Voltes Adria , Bradley Roger , Pujades Cristina
Published: May 2015

Establishing topographical maps of the external world is an important but still poorly understood feature of the vertebrate sensory system. To study the selective innervation of hindbrain regions by sensory afferents in the zebrafish embryo, we mapped the fine-grained topographical representation of sensory projections at the central level by specific photoconversion of sensory neurons. Sensory ganglia located anteriorly project more medially than do ganglia located posteriorly, and this relates to the order of sensory ganglion differentiation. By single-plane illumination microscopy (SPIM)in vivoimaging, we show that (1) the sequence of arrival of cranial ganglion inputs predicts the topography of central projections, and (2) delaminated neuroblasts differentiate in close contact with the neural tube, and they never loose contact with the neural ectoderm. Afferent entrance points are established by plasma membrane interactions between primary differentiated peripheral sensory neurons and neural tube border cells with the cooperation of neural crest cells. These first contacts remain during ensuing morphological growth to establish pioneer axons. Neural crest cells and repulsive slit1/robo2 signals then guide axons from later-differentiating neurons toward the neural tube. Thus, this study proposes a new model by which the topographical representation of cranial sensory ganglia is established by entrance order, with the entry points determined by cell contact between the sensory ganglion cell bodies and the hindbrain.
NKCC1 Activation Is Required for Myelinated Sensory Neurons Regeneration through JNK-Dependent Pathway
Authors: Mòdol Laura , Santos Daniel , Cobianchi Stefano , González-Pérez Francisco , López-Alvarez Víctor , Navarro Xavier
Published: May 2015

After peripheral nerve injury, axons are able to regenerate, although specific sensory reinnervation and functional recovery are usually worse for large myelinated than for small sensory axons. The mechanisms that mediate the regeneration of different sensory neuron subpopulations are poorly known. The Na+-K+-Cl−cotransporter 1 (NKCC1) is particularly relevant in setting the intracellular chloride concentration. After axotomy, increased NKCC1 phosphorylation has been reported to be important for neurite outgrowth of sensory neurons; however, the mechanisms underlying its effects are still unknown. In the present study we usedin vitroandin vivomodels to assess the differential effects of blocking NKCC1 activity on the regeneration of different types of dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) neurons after sciatic nerve injury in the rat. We observed that blocking NKCC1 activity by bumetanide administration induces a selective effect on neurite outgrowth and regeneration of myelinated fibers without affecting unmyelinated DRG neurons. To further study the mechanism underlying NKCC1 effects, we also assessed the changes in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling under NKCC1 modulation. The inhibition of NKCC1 activityin vitroandinvivo modified pJNK1/2/3 expression in DRG neurons. Together, our study identifies a mechanism selectively contributing to myelinated axon regeneration, and point out the role of Cl−modulation in DRG neuron regeneration and in the activation of MAPKs, particularly those belonging to the JNK family.
Task Engagement Selectively Modulates Neural Correlations in Primary Auditory Cortex
Authors: Downer Joshua D. , Niwa Mamiko , Sutter Mitchell L.
Published: May 2015

Noise correlations (rnoise) between neurons can affect a neural population's discrimination capacity, even without changes in mean firing rates of neurons. rnoise, the degree to which the response variability of a pair of neurons is correlated, has been shown to change with attention with most reports showing a reduction in rnoise. However, the effect of reducing rnoiseon sensory discrimination depends on many factors, including the tuning similarity, or tuning correlation (rtuning), between the pair. Theoretically, reducing rnoiseshould enhance sensory discrimination when the pair exhibits similar tuning, but should impair discrimination when tuning is dissimilar. We recorded from pairs of neurons in primary auditory cortex (A1) under two conditions: while rhesus macaque monkeys (Macaca mulatta) actively performed a threshold amplitude modulation (AM) detection task and while they sat passively awake. We report that, for pairs with similar AM tuning, average rnoisein A1 decreases when the animal performs the AM detection task compared with when sitting passively. For pairs with dissimilar tuning, the average rnoisedid not significantly change between conditions. This suggests that attention-related modulation can target selective subcircuits to decorrelate noise. These results demonstrate that engagement in an auditory task enhances population coding in primary auditory cortex by selectively reducing deleterious rnoiseand leaving beneficial rnoiseintact.
Tryptophan-Dependent Control of Colony Formation After DNA Damage via Sea3-Regulated TORC1 Signaling inSaccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Polleys Erica J , Bertuch Alison A
Published: May 2015

The Saccharomyces cerevisiaeIml1 complex inhibits TORC1 signaling and SEACAT antagonizes the Iml1 complex. Conditions in which SEACAT functions to inhibit Iml1 and, hence, TORC1 signaling, remain largely unknown. The SEACAT member Sea3 was linked previously to telomere maintenance and DNA repair via genome-wide genetic and physical interaction studies. Therefore, we questioned whether Sea3 functioned through TORC1 to influence these pathways. Deletion of SEA3 delayed the emergence of telomerase-independent survivors that use break-induced replication (BIR) to maintain their telomeres. Similarly, sea3∆ mutants exhibited a delay in colony formation in a BIR assay strain after double-strand break (DSB) induction as well as on the DNA-damaging agent bleomycin. Deletion of IML1 rescued the impaired growth of sea3∆ mutants after DNA damage, consistent with Sea3 functioning as a regulator of TORC1 signaling. The delay was not attributable to slowed DSB repair or termination of the DNA damage checkpoint but to tryptophan auxotrophy. High levels of tryptophan in yeast peptone dextrose media did not rescue the delay in colony formation, suggesting a defect in tryptophan import, although levels of the high-affinity tryptophan permease Tat2 were not perturbed in the sea3Δ mutant. Addition of quinolinic acid, an intermediate of the de novo NAD+ biosynthetic pathway, however, rescued the delay in colony formation in the sea3Δ mutant. Together, these findings highlight the importance of enforcement of TORC1 signaling and suggest that internal tryptophan levels influence growth recovery post DNA damage through the role of tryptophan in NAD+ synthesis.
The solution of an initial-boundary value problem of the filtration theory with nonlocal boundary condition
Authors: Serbina Ludmila
Published: May 2015

The nonlocal initial and boundary value problem for Lavrentiev–Bitsadze equation is considered. By this problem the nonstacionary one-dimentional motion of a groundwater with horizontal stopping is modeling. The existence and the uniqueness of the classical (in the elliptic part of the domain) and generalized (in the hyperbolic part of the domain) solution of the considered problem is proved.
On the problem of determining the parameter of an elliptic equation in a Banach space
Authors: Ashyralyev Allaberen , Ashyralyyev Charyyar
Published: May 2015

The boundary value problem of determining the parameter of an elliptic equation -u''(t)+Au(t)=f(t)+p (0⩽t⩽T), u(0)=φ, u(T)=ψ, u(λ)=ξ, 0<λT, with a positive operator A in an arbitrary Banach space E is studied. The exact estimates are obtained for the solution of this problem in Hölder norms. Coercive stability estimates for the solution of boundary value problems for multi-dimensional elliptic equations are established.
Jacobi rational–Gauss collocation method for Lane–Emden equations of astrophysical significance
Authors: Doha Eid H. H. , Bhrawy Ali H. H. , Hafez Ramy M. M. , Van Gorder Robert A. A.
Published: May 2015

In this paper, a new spectral collocation method is applied to solve Lane–Emden equations on a semi-infinite domain. The method allows us to overcome difficulty in both the nonlinearity and the singularity inherent in such problems. This Jacobi rational–Gauss method, based on Jacobi rational functions and Gauss quadrature integration, is implemented for the nonlinear Lane–Emden equation. Once we have developed the method, numerical results are provided to demonstrate the method. Physically interesting examples include Lane–Emden equations of both first and second kind. In the examples given, by selecting relatively few Jacobi rational–Gauss collocation points, we are able to get very accurate approximations, and we are thus able to demonstrate the utility of our approach over other analytical or numerical methods. In this way, the numerical examples provided demonstrate the accuracy, efficiency, and versatility of the method.
Geodesic distances in the intrinsic dimensionality estimation using packing numbers
Authors: Karbauskaitė Rasa , Dzemyda Gintautas
Published: May 2015

Dimensionality reduction is a very important tool in data mining. An intrinsic dimensionality of a data set is a key parameter in many dimensionality reduction algorithms. When the intrinsic dimensionality of a data set is known, it is possible to reduce the dimensionality of the data without losing much information. To this end, it is reasonable to find out the intrinsic dimensionality of the data. In this paper, one of the global estimators of intrinsic dimensionality, the packing numbers estimator (PNE), is explored experimentally. We propose the modification of the PNE method that uses geodesic distances in order to improve the estimates of the intrinsic dimensionality by the PNE method.
Empirical Bayes estimators of structural distribution of words in Lithuanian texts
Authors: Piaseckienė Karolina , Radavičius Marijus
Published: May 2015

Lithuanian language has great inflexion, free word order and other features which distinguish it from other languages. This raises a problem of testing for the Lithuanian language validity of findings established for other languages. In the paper, an empirical study of a collection of Lithuanian texts is performed. It is supposed that authors of texts are basic elements of the population under study and its heterogeneity stems out of the heterogeneity of preferences and choices of the authors. An attempt to estimate structural distributions of words in a collection of texts of different authors is made by making use of a simple statistical model and empirical Bayes approach.
Persistent Cat Scratch Disease Requiring Surgical Excision in a Patient With MPGN
Authors: King Katherine Y. , Hicks M. John , Mazziotti Mark V. , Eldin Karen W. , Starke Jeffrey R. , Michael Mini
Published: May 2015

We present the case of a 13-year-old immunosuppressed patient with unrelenting cat scratch disease despite 9 months of antibiotic therapy. The patient was being treated with mycophenolate and prednisone for membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (type 1) diagnosed 13 months before the onset of cat scratch disease. Cat scratch disease was suspected due to epitrochlear lymphadenitis and an inoculation papule on the ipsilateral thumb, and the diagnosis was confirmed by the use of acute and convalescent titers positive for Bartonella henselae. The patient experienced prolonged lymphadenitis despite azithromycin and rifampin therapy, and she developed a draining sinus tract ∼4 months after initial inoculation while receiving antibiotics. Acute exacerbation of the primary supratrochlear node prompted incision and drainage of the area, with no improvement in the disease course. Ultimately, excision of all affected nodes and the sinus tract 9 months after the initial diagnosis was required to achieve resolution. Bartonella was detected at a high level according to a polymerase chain reaction assay in the excised nodes. Persistent treatment with oral antibiotics may have prevented disseminated infection in this immunosuppressed patient. Surgical excision of affected nodes should be considered in patients with cat scratch disease that persists beyond 16 weeks.
Intencionalidad, pasividad y autoconciencia en la fenomenología de Husserl
Authors: De Nigris Francesco
Published: May 2015

A pesar de los matices y variaciones de significado, el concepto husserliano de intencionalidad no deja de estar al servicio de la idea clásica de la verdad como adaequatio, si bien adaptada al orden monádico de la conciencia trascendental. Veremos, sin embargo, que en los análisis de Husserl sobre la conciencia interna del tiempo se manifiesta toda la dificultad para interpretar intencionalmente la esfera pasiva de la conciencia. Intentaremos, mediante las últimas ideas husserlianas de “constitución” y de “asociación eidética”, encontrar una génesis pasiva del sentido ideal intencional sin perder su referencia egológica.
Han, Byun-Chul. La agonía del Eros.Trad. Raúl Gabás. Barcelona: Editorial Herder, 2014. 79 pp.
Authors: Díaz Jorge Aurelio
Published: May 2015

Han, Byun-Chul. La agonía del Eros. Trad. Raúl Gabás. Barcelona: Editorial Herder, 2014. 79 pp. 
Candiloro, Hernán. “Pobreza, vida y animalidad en el pensamiento de Heidegger.” Revista Areté [Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú] 24. 2 (2012): 263-287.
Authors: Quirama Lucas
Published: May 2015

Candiloro, Hernán. “Pobreza, vida y animalidad en el pensamiento de Heidegger.” Revista Areté  [Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú] 24. 2 (2012): 263-287.
Study of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of an Ankle Prosthesis Removing
Authors: Becerra J. G. Flores , Perrusquia N. López , Ruiz M. A. Doñu , Perrusquia A. López , Suarez J.V. Cortes
Published: May 2015

This work studies the change microstructural and mechanical properties of an ankle prosthetic material 316LVM stainless steel, retired from a 36 year old patient. The medical grade 316LVM stainless steel was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), hardness Rockwell C (HRC) and nanoindentation tests. The results showed that the ankle prosthesis has different microstructural change along the implant and presence of corrosion pits with inclusions, the mechanical properties like modulus elasticity and hardness decrease.
ANALYSIS OF THE OPERATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DIESEL-ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVES
Authors: Ursulyak L. V. , Sirotenko V. A.
Published: May 2015

Purpose. To compare the operational characteristics of freight diesel-electric locomotives ER20CF and 2М62м, which are operated with Lithuanian Railways. Important problems on traction calculations are considered in this article. In this article the critical tasks of traction calculations are solved. It is the main computational tool in the rational functioning, planning and development of railways: determination of the estimated weight of the rolling stock, the diagrams construction of specific resultant forces of a train, the permitted speed definition of the train on the slopes, curves of train traffic construction on the section. Methodology. Using the rules and methods of traction calculations the analysis of the basic operational characteristics of the modernized freight diesel-electric locomotive 2М62m and freight passenger dual locomotive 2ER20CF was held. The maximum weight of the train set, the track structure on a high-speed ascent through the use of kinetic energy (with traction and without traction), technical speed, acceleration force and the value of the smallest radius curve are selected as controlled parameters. During the calculations it was considered that the trains were formed of a fully loaded four-axle gondola cars, model 112-119 (feature-606) with axle load of 23.5 t; the motion was carried out on the continuous welded rail track; the front of the train set is a dual locomotive 2ER20CF or two locomotive 2М62м. Longitudinal profile of the road on the route Vilnus–KlF was analyzed for the choice of theoretical rise. Inspection concerning the possibility of overcoming the high-speed rise was performed with an analytical method, based on the use of the kinetic energy accumulated by the overcoming of «light» elements of the profile. Findings. In the calculations, the maximum weight of the train set taking into account theoretical rise was analyzed. The inspection of the theoretical weight of the train set on a reliable short rise of slope that is larger than the theoretical one was carried out. Values of the acceleration force depending on the speed of the train and parameters of the longitudinal profile, values of the smallest curve radius depending on the movement speed, which are developed by the different locomotives in the traction mode, were accessed. Originality. The analysis of the operational parameters of the modernized locomotive 2М62м and dual diesel locomotive of new generation 2ER20CF was held. The maximum weight of the composition, technical speed, the accelerating force and the value of the smallest radius curve were selected as controlled parameters. Practical value. The obtained results can be used for more efficient operation of locomotives on Lithuanian Railways.
EVALUATION OF ECOLOGICAL SITUATION IN CASE OF ACCIDENTS ON TOWNSHIP ROADS
Authors: Rusakova T. I.
Published: May 2015

Purpose. The paper examines the question of creation a mathematical apparatus for estimation the ecological situation in case of accidents on township roads (explosions). First of all the development of numerical model to calculate the level of air pollution in the emission of toxic chemical, taking into account meteorological parameters of the environment. Identifying areas where the maximum allowable concentration of this pollutant (in this case, ammonia) is exceeded and favorable areas for the population.Methodology. The developed method of numerical calculation of the air pollution concentration in case of toxic chemical (ammonia) was used, which is based on the coordinated decision of the hydrodynamic task and task of the pollutants transfer in the atmosphere. Hydrodynamic solution is based on the method of discrete vortices with the different geometry of buildings and their relative position, and solution of the task about transfer the pollutant is based on convection-diffusion equation of pollutant transfer using implicit difference schemes.Findings. Several computational experiments were made on the base of the developed numerical model.As a result of the calculations the vortex structures were obtained, which are formed in the flow around buildings; the velocity field of the wind flow around buildings and picture of the streamlines in the flow were come out; the concentration of the toxic chemical (ammonia) in research domain was calculated; the comparative analysis with the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) for this pollutant were made; the regularities of changing the ammonia concentration from different sides of the building were determined. Originality. A numerical model that allows visually reconstructing and analyzing the flow pattern, the presence of dead zones, areas of reverse flow at different geometry of buildings and their relative position that influences the distribution of pollutant in the atmosphere was calculated.Practical value. The obtained results will allow evaluating the level toxic shock to persons in case of accidents (explosions) on township roads with taking into account the influence of the buildings geometry on the hydrodynamic flow structure and dispersion of pollution.