bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incidence and molecular epidemiology of hepatitis C virus reinfection in prisons in Catalonia, Spain (Re-HCV study)
Authors: Saludes Verónica , Bordoy Antoni E. , Yela Elena , Turú Elisabet , Not Anna , López-Corbeto Evelin , Egea-Cortés Laia , González-Candelas Fernando , Casabona Jordi ,   Group for the Study and Control of Infectious Diseases in Prison (GRUMIP), Teixidó Núria , Sastre Anna , Ruíz Ana , Gallego Carlos , Touzón Carlos , Solé Concepció , Planella Ramón , Vaz Elisa , Guerrero Rafael A. , Marco Andrés , Martró Elisa
Published: September 2023

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) reinfection may hamper HCV elimination in prisons. We aimed to (i) determine the reinfection rate in people treated for HCV in Catalan prisons, (ii) measure reinfection in people entering prisons, and (iii) characterize the molecular epidemiology of HCV in prisons and people who inject drugs (PWID) in the community. Re-HCV was a prospective study in eight prisons (2019–2020) including two groups: (1) people cured with treatment in prison and followed-up every 6 months, and (2) people testing HCV-RNA positive at incarceration. Bio-behavioral data were collected. HCV isolates were sequenced and phylogenetically analyzed with those of PWID in the community. Reinfection follow-up after treatment was achieved in 97 individuals (103.05 person-years). Two reinfections were detected, resulting in an incidence ≤ 10/100 person-years. Among people entering prison, 2% (359/17,732) were viremic, of which 334 (93.0%) were included, and 44 (13.5%) presented with reinfection (84.7% being PWID). Frequently, HCV isolates in prisons and PWID in the community were phylogenetically related. Although HCV reinfection is low after treatment, it is common in people entering Catalan prisons. To maintain a low HCV prevalence in prisons, harm-reduction services and test-and-treat programs for PWID should be strengthened both inside and outside prisons.
Laterality influence on gene expression of DNA damage repair in colorectal cancer
Authors: Oliveira-Silveira Juliano , Filippi-Chiela Eduardo , Saffi Jenifer
Published: September 2023

Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the third most common malignancy worldwide, and second in number of deaths in the world. The molecular pathogenesis of CRC is heterogeneous and can affect several genes. Moreover, genomic instability is recognized as an important part of CRC carcinogenesis and is tightly connected to DNA damage response. DNA damage repair (DDR) pathways are intrinsically associated with cancer development and establishment. Traditionally, CRC is considered as one coherent disease, however, new evidence shows that left and right-sided CRC present differences observed in clinical settings, as well as in pre-clinical studies. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of DDR transcriptional profiles on survival in different sublocations of the colon and rectum using Cox regression, survival analysis and differential gene expression. Right side colon (RSC) has DDR genes’ expression associated only with higher risk of death, while left side colon (LSC) and Rectum have most genes’ expression associated with lower risk. The pattern is the same with survival analysis. All significant DDR genes had lower expression associated with better survival in RSC, as opposed to LSC and Rectum. Our results demonstrate that RSC is distinctively different from LSC and Rectum. LSC and Rectum have similar DDR expression profiles.
New insight into the additives in preparation and reduction of shield slurry
Authors: Liu Zhitao , Wu Silin , Zhou Aizhao , Sun Xiaohui , Xu Haoqing , Dong Shutong
Published: September 2023

In the preparation of the slurry in the slurry shield (SSS) and subsequent reduction of the waste slurry produced by the slurry shield (WSSS), the additives in SSS improve the quality of filtration cake on the excavation surface, but they may also remain in WSSS, which have a negative impact on the reduction efficiency of WSSS. Therefore, it is valuable to establish the relationship between SSS and WSSS with additives as a link. Given this, this paper prepared WSSS with different dosages of additives and studied the influence of residual additives on the reduction. The residual additives made the reduction efficiency of WSSS worse, and the specific resistance to filtration increased by one to two orders of magnitude. The residual additives change the content of bound water or reduce the available sites of the soil particles that can be adsorbed by flocculants, leading to worse reduction results. To reduce the difficulty of reduction, combining polymer and bentonite as additives are recommended to prepare SSS. Polyaluminium chloride (PAC) acts by reducing bound water content through the interaction with residual bentonite, simultaneously augmenting PAM flocculation, which is recommended for reducing WSSS. This paper provides a reference for selecting materials used to prepare SSS and the subsequent reduction of WSSS.
Effect of heat and mass transfer on the nanofluid of peristaltic flow in a ciliated tube
Authors: Abd-Alla A. M. , Abo-Dahab S. M. , Abdelhafez M. A. , Elmhedy Y.
Published: September 2023

The current work focuses attention on discussing the peristaltic flow of Rabinowitsch nanofluid through ciliated tube. This technical study analyzes heat and mass transfer effects on the flow of a peristaltic flow, incompressible, nanofluid via a ciliated tube. The governing non-linear partial differential equations representing the flow model are transmuted into linear ones by employing the appropriate non-dimensional parameters under the assumption of long wavelength and low Reynolds number. The flow is examined in wave frame of reference moving with the velocity $$c$$
c
. The governing equations have been solved to determine velocity, temperature, concentration, the pressure gradient, pressure rise and the friction force. Using MATLAB R2023a software, a parametric analysis is performed, and the resulting data is represented graphically. The results indicate that the various emerging parameters of interest significantly affect the nanofluid properties within the tube. The present study enhances the comprehension of nanofluid dynamics in tube and offers valuable insights into the influence of heat and mass transfer in such setups. Convective heat transfer is found to be greater at the boundaries resulting in decreased temperature there.
Methane reduction by quercetin, tannic and salicylic acids: influence of molecular structures on methane formation and fermentation in vitro
Authors: Nørskov Natalja P. , Battelli Marco , Curtasu Mihai V. , Olijhoek Dana W. , Chassé Élisabeth , Nielsen Mette Olaf
Published: September 2023

Plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) can potentially reduce ruminal methane formation. However, related to differences in their molecular structures, it is not yet clear what causes an anti-methanogenic effect. In an in vitro system simulating rumen fermentation, we investigated the impact of eight compounds with distinct chemical characteristics (gallic and salicylic acids, tannic acid, catechin, epicatechin, quercetin, rutin, and salicin) when added to a basal feed (maize silage) at a concentration of 12% of the feed dry matter. After 48 h of incubation in buffered rumen fluid, methane production was significantly lowered by quercetin (43%), tannic acid (39%) and salicylic acid (34%) compared to the control (maize silage alone) and without changes in total volatile fatty acid production during fermentation. No other PSM reduced methane formation as compared to control but induced significant differences on total volatile fatty acid production. The observed differences were related to lipophilicity, the presence of double bond and carbonyl group, sugar moieties, and polymerization of the compounds. Our results indicate the importance of distinct molecular structures of PSMs and chemical characteristics for methane lowering properties and volatile fatty acid formation. Further systematic screening studies to establish the structure–function relationship between PSMs and methane reduction are warranted.
The yield of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) depends on the genotype but not on the Pin-to-Thrum ratio
Authors: Płażek Agnieszka , Kopeć Przemysław , Dziurka Michał , Słomka Aneta
Published: September 2023

Common buckwheat has a complicated flowering biology. It is characterized by a strong self-incompatibility resulting from heterostyly, i.e. the occurrence of two types of flowers: Pin and Thrum, differing in the length of pistils and stamens. Fertilization occurs only as a result of cross-pollination between these morphs. Suspicions exist that the disturbed ratio between plants producing Pin and Thrum flowers (with the latter type generating more seeds) causes low seed yield. The aim of the study was to analyze: (1) the ratio between plants with Pin and Thrum morphs, (2) flower and seed production, as well as abortion of flowers, (3) the composition of nectar collected at an early flowering stage and during full flowering. The study was performed under semi-controlled and field conditions on six Polish accessions. The results indicated that under semi-controlled conditions the Pin-to-Thrum ratio was indeed disproportionate; such a phenomenon is called anisoplethy. In the field, however, the Pin-to-Thrum ratio was well-balanced (isoplethy). The plants with both morphs aborted a similar percentage of flowers and produced a comparable number of empty seeds. The number of flowers, their abortion, and ripe seed production were independent of flower type, however, they were genotypically controlled. A strong correlation between the number of flowers produced by a plant, flower abortion and the number of empty seeds was found. The percentage of aborted flowers correlated positively with the weight of ripe seeds. Nectar composition was similar for all buckwheat genotypes, but we found some differences in the amount of individual sugars depending on the blooming stage. In the majority of accessions, the nectar produced at the early blooming stage was characterized by a greater mass and volume, and contained more individual sugars than at the full-flowering stage.
Measuring the monetization strategies of websites with application to pro- and anti-vaccine communities
Authors: Broniatowski David A. , Greene Kevin T. , Pisharody Nilima , Rogers Daniel J. , Shapiro Jacob N.
Published: September 2023

Anti-vaccine content and other kinds of misinformation are hypothesized to be more heavily monetized than other kinds of online content. We test this hypothesis by applying several novel and scalable measures of website monetization strategies to more than 400,000 links shared by 261 anti-vaccine Facebook pages and 190 pro-vaccine ones. Contrary to expectations, websites promoted in pro-vaccine venues do more to monetize attention than those promoted in anti-vaccine venues. This is a consequence of how intensely monetized news websites are—pro-vaccine venues share more links to news. The specific news sites shared by anti-vaccine venues are rated less credible by fact-checking organizations, but we find little substantive difference in their monetization strategies. These results emphasize the need to interpret measures of monetization within the context of the broader “attention economy”.
Research progress of different components of PM2.5 and ischemic stroke
Authors: Li Bin , Ma Yong , Zhou Yu , Chai Erqing
Published: September 2023

PM2.5 is a nonhomogeneous mixture of complex components produced from multiple sources, and different components of this mixture have different chemical and biological toxicities, which results in the fact that the toxicity and hazards of PM2.5 may vary even for the same mass of PM2.5. Previous studies on PM2.5 and ischemic stroke have reached different or even opposing conclusions, and considering the heterogeneity of PM2.5 has led researchers to focus on the health effects of specific PM2.5 components. However, due to the complexity of PM2.5 constituents, assessing the association between exposure to specific PM2.5 constituents and ischemic stroke presents significant challenges. Therefore, this paper reviews and analyzes studies related to PM2.5 and its different components and ischemic stroke, aiming to understand the composition of PM2.5 and identify its harmful components, elucidate their relationship with ischemic stroke, and thus provide some insights and considerations for studying the biological mechanisms by which they affect ischemic stroke and for the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke associated with different components of PM2.5.
Gender differences in the association between body mass index and recent suicide attempts in Chinese patients with first-episode drug-naïve major depressive disorder
Authors: Liu Junjun , Li Zhe , Jia Fengnan , Yuan Hsinsung , Zhou Yue , Xia Xingzhi , Yang Ruchang , Wu Yuxuan , Zhang Xiaobin , Ye Gang , Du Xiangdong , Zhang Xiangyang
Published: September 2023

Controversial evidence exists on the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and suicide attempts (SA) in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the association between BMI and SA in first-episode drug-naïve (FEDN) MDD patients in China. The study was conducted from 2016 to 2018 in Taiyuan, China. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyzed the BMI–SA association, with subgroup analysis for gender. Threshold effects were examined using two-piecewise regression. In males, BMI was significantly associated with SA (OR = 0.84, 95% CI 0.74–0.94, P = 0.003) after full adjustment, but not in females (OR = 0.97, 95% CI 0.89–1.06, P = 0.541). The interaction with gender was significant (P for interaction < 0.05). Smoothing plots revealed an L-shaped BMI–SA relationship in both genders, with BMI inflection points at 27.3 kg/m2 in males and 21.4 kg/m2 in females. Below the inflection points, BMI is negatively associated with SA in males (OR = 0.75, 95% CI 0.66–0.86, P < 0.001) and females (OR = 0.48, 95% CI 0.32–0.72, P < 0.001). Above the inflection points, no association existed for both genders (all P > 0.05). Results showed an L-shaped nonlinear BMI–SA relationship in FEDN MDD patients but differing BMI inflection points between genders, thus contributing to effective prevention programs for suicide.
Artificial intelligence based system for predicting permanent stoma after sphincter saving operations
Authors: Kuo Chih-Yu , Kuo Li-Jen , Lin Yen‑Kuang
Published: September 2023

Although the goal of rectal cancer treatment is to restore gastrointestinal continuity, some patients with rectal cancer develop a permanent stoma (PS) after sphincter-saving operations. Although many studies have identified the risk factors and causes of PS, few have precisely predicted the probability of PS formation before surgery. To validate whether an artificial intelligence model can accurately predict PS formation in patients with rectal cancer after sphincter-saving operations. Patients with rectal cancer who underwent a sphincter-saving operation at Taipei Medical University Hospital between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2021, were retrospectively included in this study. A machine learning technique was used to predict whether a PS would form after a sphincter-saving operation. We included 19 routinely available preoperative variables in the artificial intelligence analysis. To evaluate the efficiency of the model, 6 performance metrics were utilized: accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and area under the receiving operating characteristic curve. In our classification pipeline, the data were randomly divided into a training set (80% of the data) and a validation set (20% of the data). The artificial intelligence models were trained using the training dataset, and their performance was evaluated using the validation dataset. Synthetic minority oversampling was used to solve the data imbalance. A total of 428 patients were included, and the PS rate was 13.6% (58/428) in the training set. The logistic regression (LR), Gaussian Naïve Bayes (GNB), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), Gradient Boosting (GB), random forest, decision tree and light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM) algorithms were employed. The accuracies of the logistic regression (LR), Gaussian Naïve Bayes (GNB), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), Gradient Boosting (GB), random forest (RF), decision tree (DT) and light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM) models were 70%, 76%, 89%, 93%, 95%, 79% and 93%, respectively. The area under the receiving operating characteristic curve values were 0.79 for the LR model, 0.84 for the GNB, 0.95 for the XGB, 0.95 for the GB, 0.99 for the RF model, 0.79 for the DT model and 0.98 for the LightGBM model. The key predictors that were identified were the distance of the lesion from the anal verge, clinical N stage, age, sex, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, and preoperative albumin and carcinoembryonic antigen levels. Integration of artificial intelligence with available preoperative data can potentially predict stoma outcomes after sphincter-saving operations. Our model exhibited excellent predictive ability and can improve the process of obtaining informed consent.
Angular limb deformity associated with TSPAN18, NRG3 and NOVA2 in Rambouillet rams
Authors: Becker Gabrielle M. , Shira Katie A. , Woods Julia L. , Khilji Sarem F. , Schauer Christopher S. , Webb Brett T. , Stewart Whit C. , Murdoch Brenda M.
Published: September 2023

Angular limb deformity (ALD) affects many species of livestock and companion animals. The mechanisms of ALD development are not well understood, but previous research suggests the involvement of genetic risk factors. A case-control genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted with 40 ALD-affected and 302 unaffected Rambouillet rams and 40,945 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Forelimbs of 6 ALD-affected rams were examined and diagnosed with osteochondrosis. Genome-wide or chromosome-wide significant SNPs were positioned exonic, intronic or within the 3′UTR of genesTSPAN18,NRG3andNOVA2, respectively. These genes have previously described roles related to angiogenesis and osteoblast, osteoclast and chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation, which suggests the possibility for their involvement in the pathogenesis of osteochondrosis. Functional consequences of SNPs were evaluated through transcription factor binding site analysis, which predicted binding sites for transcription factors of known importance to bone growth, including SOX6, SOX9 and RUNX2. The identification of genetic risk factors for ALD may help to improve animal welfare and production in Rambouillet, a breed known to be at risk for ALD development. This study proposes genesTSPAN18,NRG3andNOVA2as targets for further research towards understanding the etiology of ALD in Rambouillet sheep.
The co-evolution of friend and help relationships and their different relationship formation and social influence
Authors: Shin Huiyoung
Published: September 2023

This study examined adolescents’ friend and help relationships to better understand their interrelated nature and the different characteristics of relationship formation and social influence in the behavioral and emotional dimensions of academic engagement. Multiplex networks of friends and helpers were collected (N = 542; Mage = 11.46; 20 classrooms) and analyzed using a multilevel Bayesian social network analysis (multilevel random-coefficients SAOM). The results showed that exchanging help played a role in the formation of friendships, and that friendships provided a relational context wherein help can be exchanged. Observable behavioral academic engagement played a more salient role in the formation of friend and help relationships, and highly engaged (in behavioral) adolescents were more often nominated as helpers. Both the behavioral and emotional dimensions of friends’ and helper’ academic engagement contributed to adolescents’ own behavioral and emotional engagement over time, but the social influence was more salient among friends compared to helpers. These results underscore that examining the dependencies among multiple networks and distinguishing between different dimensions of behavior and emotion are critical to elucidate the complex processes of relationship formation and social influence.
Enhanced in vitro immersion behavior and antibacterial activity of NiTi orthopedic biomaterial by HAp-Nb2O5 composite deposits
Authors: Safavi Mir Saman , Khalil-Allafi Jafar , Restivo Elisa , Ghalandarzadeh Arash , Hosseini Milad , Dacarro Giacomo , Malavasi Lorenzo , Milella Antonella , Listorti Andrea , Visai Livia
Published: September 2023

NiTi is a class of metallic biomaterials, benefit from superelastic behavior, high biocompatibility, and favorable mechanical properties close to that of bone. However, the Ni ion leaching, poor bioactivity, and antibacterial activity limit its clinical applications. In this study, HAp-Nb2O5 composite layers were PC electrodeposited from aqueous electrolytes containing different concentrations of the Nb2O5 particles, i.e., 0–1 g/L, to evaluate the influence of the applied surface engineering strategy on in vitro immersion behavior, Ni2+ ion leaching level, and antibacterial activity of the bare NiTi. Surface characteristics of the electrodeposited layers were analyzed using SEM, TEM, XPS, and AFM. The immersion behavior of the samples was comprehensively investigated through SBF and long-term PBS soaking. Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infective reference bacteria were employed to address the antibacterial activity of the samples. The results illustrated that the included particles led to more compact and smoother layers. Unlike bare NiTi, composite layers stimulated apatite formation upon immersion in both SBF and PBS media. The concentration of the released Ni2+ ion from the composite layer, containing 0.50 g/L Nb2O5 was ≈ 60% less than that of bare NiTi within 30 days of immersion in the corrosive PBS solution. The Nb2O5-reinforced layers exhibited high anti-adhesive activity against both types of pathogenic bacteria. The hybrid metallic-ceramic system comprising HAp-Nb2O5-coated NiTi offers the prospect of a potential solution for clinical challenges facing the orthopedic application of NiTi.
Preferences and willingness-to-pay for a blood pressure telemonitoring program using a discrete choice experiment
Authors: Ang Ian Yi Han , Wang Yi , Tyagi Shilpa , Koh Gerald Choon Huat , Cook Alex R.
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to elicit the preferences and willingness-to-pay for blood pressure (BP) telemonitoring programs. This study also investigated the different factors or participant characteristics that could influence preferences and choice behaviors. Participants with hypertension were identified from an online survey panel demographically representative of Singapore’s general population. Participants completed a discrete choice experiment (DCE) with 12 choice sets, selecting their preferred BP monitoring program differing on five attributes: mode of consultation, BP machine type (with Bluetooth or not), BP machine price, monthly fee, and program duration. The base reference population (male, married, higher income, more formal education years, full-time worker, aged 55 to <65 years, and digital skills score of 36) preferred teleconsultation over in-person consultation, Bluetooth feature, lower machine price, lower monthly fee, and shorter program duration. A subgroup of participants can be considered teleconsultation-resistant, and three demographic factors were associated with lower preference for teleconsultation: female, fewer formal education years, and lower income. Considering the reference population and Bluetooth attribute, participants were willing to pay 66 SGD (~49 USD) additional for the machine to obtain the Bluetooth feature. Considering the reference population and teleconsultation attribute, participants were willing to pay 6.80 SGD (~5.10 USD) extra monthly fee for a program using teleconsultation. Here we report that amongst participants with hypertension, there is strong preference for the use of teleconsultation and a BP machine with Bluetooth feature in a BP monitoring program. However, a subgroup of participants are teleconsultation-resistant and would prefer in-person consultation.
Fishing for subsistence constitutes a livelihood safety net for populations dependent on aquatic foods around the world
Authors: Virdin John , Basurto Xavier , Nico Gianluigi , Harper Sarah , del Mar Mancha-Cisneros Maria , Vannuccini Stefania , Ahern Molly , Anderson Christopher M. , Funge-Smith Simon , Gutierrez Nicolas L. , Mills David J. , Franz Nicole
Published: September 2023

Fishing for subsistence constitutes a livelihood safety net for poverty, malnutrition and gender inequality for populations dependent upon aquatic foods around the world. Here we provide global estimates showing that almost the same amount of small-scale fishers engage in subsistence fishing at some point during the year as in commercial employment and use subsistence estimates to measure small-scale fisheries’ livelihood safety net function. In 2016, we estimate that 52.8 million people were engaged in subsistence fishing at some point during the year, while another 60.2 million people were commercially employed (90% of global fisheries employment). From 14 country case studies, it was possible to estimate that the subsistence catch provided an average apparent intake of six nutrients critical for positive health outcomes, equivalent to 26% of the recommended daily nutrient intake for 112.5 million people, higher than the national average contribution of beef or poultry.
Farmer perspectives on carbon markets incentivizing agricultural soil carbon sequestration
Authors: Barbato Clare T. , Strong Aaron L.
Published: September 2023

Climate change mitigation efforts to achieve net-zero emissions require not only decreasing current greenhouse gas emissions, but also the deployment of negative emissions technologies. Soil organic carbon sequestration in agricultural lands is one such negative emissions strategy, currently being incentivized predominantly through voluntary carbon offset markets. Through semi-structured interviews, we assess both conventional and organic farmer perspectives on soil carbon offset programs that have been created in the United States since 2017. The perspectives of farmers both participating and not participating in agricultural soil carbon markets were similar and consistent. Farmers in both groups expressed concerns about the convoluted, burdensome and unpredictable nature of receiving offset credits and emphasized that they were implementing practices for their own business interests and sustainability concerns, not the financial incentive of the generation of carbon credits. Based on our research, carbon offset credit payments for agricultural soil carbon sequestration are largely reaching farmers who were already implementing these beneficial practices or were already strongly interested in implementing these practices, and the payments for the offset credits are seen as a ‘gravy on top’, suggesting that these offset markets face strong challenges of ensuring true additionality essential to effective climate mitigation.
A computational text analysis investigation of the relation between personal and linguistic agency
Authors: Simchon Almog , Hadar Britt , Gilead Michael
Published: September 2023

Previous psycholinguistic findings showed that linguistic framing – such as the use of passive voice - influences the level of agency attributed to other people. To investigate whether passive voice use relates to people’s personal sense of agency, we conducted three studies in which we analyzed existing experimental and observational data. In Study 1 (N = 835) we show that sense of personal agency, operationalized between participants as recalling instances of having more or less power over others, affects the use of agentive language. In Study 2 (N = 2.7 M) we show that increased personal agency (operationalized as one’s social media followership) is associated with more agentive language. In Study 3 and its two replications (N = 43,140) we demonstrate using Reddit data that the language of individuals who post on the r/depression subreddit is less agentive. Together, these findings advance our understanding of the nuanced relationship between personal and linguistic agency.
A layered cancer-on-a-chip system for anticancer drug screening and disease modeling
Authors: Flont Magdalena , Dybko Artur , Jastrzębska Elżbieta
Published: September 2023

Recent advances in the development of microfluidic systems for the culture of complex and three-dimensional cell, tissue, and organ models allow their use in toxicity studies and mimicking many diseases.
Subzero-temperature homogeneous liquid–liquid extraction for the stereoselective determination of chiral triadimefon and its metabolite in water, fruit juice, vinegar, and fermented liquor by HPLC
Authors: Guo Xingle , Jiang Haijuan , Guo Yuqi , Jia Liyan , Jing Xu , Wu Junxue
Published: September 2023

A novel method based on homogeneous liquid–liquid extraction with deep eutectic solvents under subzero-temperature conditions in combination with HPLC for the determination of chiral fungicide triadimefon and its metabolite triadimenol was developed.
One step synthesis of highly photoluminescent red light-emitting carbon dots from O-phenylenediamine and 2,4-diaminophenol as fluorescent probes for the detection of pH and Cr(vi)
Authors: Wu Yan , Zuo Chengwei , Mou Yujie , Wang Hao , Hou Yongrui , Su Xiaodong , Jia Zhenfu , Qiu Huidong
Published: September 2023

A novel red light-emitting carbon dots (R-CDs) were prepared using 2,4-diaminophenol to enhance the fluorescence of O-phenylenediamine-based carbon dots. The R-CDs can be used for sensitive and selective detection of Cr(vi) and measurement of pH.
Capacitive deionization system with ultra-high salt adsorption performance: from lab design to agricultural applications
Authors: He Rui , Yu Yongchang , Kong Lingchen , Liu Xitong , Dong Pei
Published: September 2023

This mini-review provides a comprehensive overview of ultra-high-performance electrodes in capacitive deionization (CDI), explores the application of CDI in agricultural areas for water desalination, and presents an overview of cost analysis.
Synthesis of benzimidazole fused poly-heterocycles via oxidant free Cu-catalyzed dehydrogenative C–N coupling and photophysical studies
Authors: Singh Sakshi , Pal Shantanu
Published: September 2023

A unique example of Cu-catalysed synthesis of benzimidazole fused poly-heterocycles via intramolecular C–N coupling reaction has been reported.
1,3,5-Trifluorobenzene, an electrolyte additive with high thermal stability and superior film-forming properties for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Wang Xinlan , Zeng Ziqi , Zhang Han , Qin Mingsheng , Zhu Yanli , Xie Jia
Published: September 2023

1,3,5-Trifluorobenzene (F3B) enables a LiF-rich SEI and is less likely to generate hydrogen fluoride (HF) compared to traditional fluorinated additives.
Metal-ion doping in metal–organic-frameworks: modulating the electronic structure and local coordination for enhanced oxygen evolution reaction activity
Authors: Shrestha Nabeen K. , Patil Supriya A. , Salunke Amol S. , Inamdar Akbar I. , Kim Hyungsang , Im Hyunsik
Published: September 2023

Metal-ion doping modulates electronic structure and coordination environment in MOFs, leading to partial exposure of metal nodes, thus enhancing the active sites, and accelerating the OER.
Hypsizygus marmoreus extract exhibited antioxidant effects to promote longevity and stress resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Xu Qiuxiong , Zheng Bisheng , Li Tong , Liu Rui Hai
Published: September 2023

Hypsizygus marmoreus has many health benefits due to its phytochemicals such as phenolics. Our research found that Hypsizygus marmoreus extract played an antioxidant role in promoting the lifespan and healthspan of Caenorhabditis elegans.
Overview of CFTR activators and their recent studies for dry eye disease: a review
Authors: Wu Jie , Wang Xiaoqian , Zhao Yanfang , Hou Yunlei , Gong Ping
Published: September 2023

In recent years, some researchers emphasized that CFTR may become a new target for the treatment of DED, and small molecule CFTR activator may become a new strategy for the treatment of DED.
Enhancement of dielectric relaxation and AC conductivity of Te(1−x)(GeSe0.5)Scx (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.15) chalcogenide glasses by a rare-earth dopant
Authors: Agarwal Surbhi , Lohia Pooja , Dwivedi D. K.
Published: September 2023

The Cole–Cole plot helps to draw the RC circuit. The incorporation of Sc tends to increase the AC conductivity. Material suitable for phase-change memory applications.
Studies on the [4 + 2] cycloaddition and allylic substitution of indole-fused zwitterionic π-allylpalladium
Authors: Han Zhengyu , Xue Yu , Li Xiang , Hu Xinzhe , Dong Xiu-Qin , Sun Jianwei , Huang Hai
Published: September 2023

A new kind of indole-fused zwitterionic π-allylpalladium precursor compound has been designed and synthesized.
Catalytic enrichment of oligothioalkynes: expanding horizons for functionalized oligotriazole synthesis through IrAAC-mediated post-modification
Authors: Zhang Xueyan , Sun Yunxin , Sun Kaifeng , Gou Fuqi , Ding Shengtao
Published: September 2023

By capitalizing on the capabilities of IrAAC we have introduced a streamlined strategy for the facile synthesis of diverse discrete oligotriazoles.
Self-promoted ammonia selectivity for the electro-reduction of nitrogen on gt-C3N4 supported single metal catalysts: the machine learning model and physical insights
Authors: Zhang Lifu , Chen Lanlan , Zhao Wanghui , Hu Zhenpeng , Chen Jing , Zhang Wenhua , Yang Jinlong
Published: September 2023

Intrinsic selectivity and activity correlation by machine learning for the nitrogen reduction reaction.
The current status of hydrogen energy: an overview
Authors: Le Phuoc-Anh , Trung Vuong Dinh , Nguyen Phi Long , Bac Phung Thi Viet , Natsuki Jun , Natsuki Toshiaki
Published: September 2023

Hydrogen fuel sources will undoubtedly become the center of the future fuel revolution to replace fossil fuels. As a result, there is an increased demand for research into methods and solutions for producing clean hydrogen.
Development of biomass waste-based carbon quantum dots and their potential application as non-toxic bioimaging agents
Authors: Abu Norhidayah , Chinnathambi Shanmugavel , Kumar Mahima , Etezadi Fatemeh , Bakhori Noremylia Mohd , Zubir Zuhana Ahmad , Md Salleh Shahrul Nizam , Shueb Rafidah Hanim , Karthikeyan Subramani , Thangavel Vaijayanthi , Abdullah Jaafar , Pandian Ganesh N.
Published: September 2023

This paper unequivocally examines the production of carbon quantum dots from biomass waste, such as palm kernel shells and oyster shells, and their application in bioimaging. We also prepared carbon quantum dots from citric acid as a comparison.
Molecular basis of sulfolactate synthesis by sulfolactaldehyde dehydrogenase from Rhizobium leguminosarum
Authors: Li Jinling , Sharma Mahima , Meek Richard , Alhifthi Amani , Armstrong Zachary , Soler Niccolay Madiedo , Lee Mihwa , Goddard-Borger Ethan D. , Blaza James N. , Davies Gideon J. , Williams Spencer J.
Published: September 2023

Sulfolactate is an important species in the biogeochemical sulfur cycle. Herein we report the 3D cryo-EM structure and kinetics of its biosynthetic enzyme, sulfolactaldehyde dehydrogenase.
Controlling aromatic helix dimerization in water by tuning charge repulsions
Authors: Teng Binhao , Mandal Pradeep K. , Allmendinger Lars , Douat Céline , Ferrand Yann , Huc Ivan
Published: September 2023

Aggregation of helical aromatic foldamers in water generates species not observed in organic solvents. The outcome of aggregation much depends on electrostatic repulsions mediated by the charges borne by the side chains.
Photo-induced imino functionalizations of alkenes via intermolecular charge transfer
Authors: Zhang Xiang-Xin , Zheng Hao , Mei Yong-Kang , Liu Yan , Liu Ying-Ying , Ji Ding-Wei , Wan Boshun , Chen Qing-An
Published: September 2023

Under the irradiation of visible light, an efficient catalyst-free strategy for imino functionalizations of alkenes has been developed via the formation of an EDA complex.
Efficient manipulation of Förster resonance energy transfer through host–guest interaction enables tunable white-light emission and devices in heterotopic bisnanohoops
Authors: Fan Yanqing , Fan Shimin , Liu Lin , Guo Shengzhu , He Jing , Li Xiaonan , Lian Zhe , Guo Weijie , Chen Xuebo , Wang Ying , Jiang Hua
Published: September 2023

A series of FRET systems were constructed through self-assembly between donors and acceptors. Multiple color-tunable emissions containing white-light were achieved and utilized in the fabrication of white-light fluorescent films and LED devices.
A spiropyran-based polymer with a stimulus response to water temperature and water content
Authors: Li Xin , Jin Yuebo , Li Ying , Miao Hongyan , Wang Haijun , Shi Gang
Published: September 2023

Temperature-responsive spiropyran-functionalized polymers usually require a thermo-sensitive polymer.
The trimetallic AuAgPt nanowires for light-enhanced formic acid electrolysis
Authors: Zhang Ze-Nong , Wang Xiao-Hui , Tian Xin-Long , Chen Yu , Li Shu-Ni
Published: September 2023

AuAgPt-NWs revealed enhanced electroactivity and stability for both the HER and FAOR. In addition, FAOR-assisted water electrolysis can reduce the voltage under light conditions, which was attributed to the photothermal effect caused by LSPR.
Genetic modulation of CWD prion propagation in cervid PrP Drosophila
Authors: Thackray Alana M. , McNulty Erin E. , Nalls Amy V. , Cardova Alzbeta , Tran Linh , Telling Glenn , Benestad Sylvie L. , Gilch Sabine , Mathiason Candace K. , Bujdoso Raymond
Published: September 2023

Chronic wasting disease is a fatal prion condition of cervids such as deer, elk, moose and reindeer. Secretion and excretion of prion infectivity from North American cervids with this condition causes environmental contamination and subsequent efficient lateral transmission in free-ranging and farmed cervids. Variants of cervid PrP exist that affect host susceptibility to chronic wasting disease. Cervid breeding programmes aimed at increasing the frequency of PrP variants associated with resistance to chronic wasting disease may reduce the burden of this condition in animals and lower the risk of zoonotic disease. This strategy requires a relatively rapid and economically viable model system to characterise and support selection of prion disease-modifying cervid PrP variants. Here, we generated cervid PrP transgenic Drosophila to fulfil this purpose. We have generated Drosophila transgenic for S138 wild type cervid PrP, or the N138 variant associated with resistance to chronic wasting disease. We show that cervid PrP Drosophila accumulate bona fide prion infectivity after exposure to cervid prions. Furthermore, S138 and N138 PrP fly lines are susceptible to cervid prion isolates from either North America or Europe when assessed phenotypically by accelerated loss of locomotor ability or survival, or biochemically by accumulation of prion seeding activity. However, after exposure to European reindeer prions, N138 PrP Drosophila accumulated prion seeding activity with slower kinetics than the S138 fly line. These novel data show that prion susceptibility characteristics of cervid PrP variants are maintained when expressed in Drosophila, which highlights this novel invertebrate host in modelling chronic wasting disease.
Understanding Internalizing and Externalizing Behaviors in Autistic Toddlers
Authors: Levy Rachel S. , Fipp-Rosenfield Hannah L. , Lee Jordan P. , Grauzer Jeffrey M. , Roberts Megan Y.
Published: September 2023

Purpose:

The majority of autistic toddlers present with clinically significant levels of internalizing or externalizing behaviors. Despite the prevalence of internalizing and externalizing behaviors in caseloads, the overwhelming majority of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) have not received specialized instruction in how to support children with these behaviors. The purpose of this study was to identify which child and caregiver characteristics are most associated with internalizing and externalizing behaviors in autistic toddlers in order to consider how SLPs may tailor their treatment to better support the individual needs of autistic children.

Method:

Participants included 109 mothers and their autistic children between 18 and 48 months of age. This study was a secondary analysis of data from a randomized clinical trial. Participants' baseline data included a variety of child (i.e., expressive language, receptive language, restricted and repetitive behavior [RRB], and nonverbal cognition) and caregiver (i.e., self-efficacy and responsiveness) characteristics. Seemingly unrelated regressions were conducted to determine which characteristics were associated with internalizing and externalizing behaviors in autistic toddlers.

Results:

Higher RRB scores were associated with both higher internalizing and externalizing behavior scores. A lower nonverbal cognition score was also associated with higher internalizing behavior scores but to a lesser extent than RRB.

Conclusion:

These findings suggest that SLPs may support internalizing and externalizing behaviors in autistic children by taking RRBs and nonverbal cognition into consideration.
VLBI celestial and terrestrial reference frames VIE2022b
Authors: Krásná H. , Baldreich L. , Böhm J. , Böhm S. , Gruber J. , Hellerschmied A. , Jaron F. , Kern L. , Mayer D. , Nothnagel A. , Panzenböck O. , Wolf H.
Published: September 2023

Context. We present the computation of global reference frames from very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations at the Vienna International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry (IVS) Analysis Center (VIE) in detail. We focus on the celestial and terrestrial frames from our two latest solutions VIE2020 and VIE2022b.

Aims. The current international celestial and terrestrial reference frames, ICRF3 and ITRF2020, include VLBI observations until March 2018 (at the standard geodetic and astrometric radio frequencies 2.3 and 8.4 GHz) and December 2020, respectively. We provide terrestrial and celestial reference frames including VLBI sessions until June 2022 organized by the IVS.

Methods. Vienna terrestrial and celestial reference frames are computed in a common least squares adjustment of geodetic and astro-metric VLBI observations with the Vienna VLBI and Satellite Software (VieVS).

Results. We provide high-precision celestial and terrestrial reference frames computed from 24 h IVS observing sessions. Our latest celestial reference frame solution VIE2022b-sx provides positions of 5407 radio sources at the frequency of 8.4 GHz. In particular, the positions of sources with few observations at the time of the ICRF3 calculation are improved. The frame also includes positions of 870 radio sources not included in ICRF3. The additional observations beyond the data used for ITRF2020 provide a more reliable estimation of positions and linear velocities of newly established VLBI Global Observing System (VGOS) telescopes.
Infrared spectra of TiO2 clusters for hot Jupiter atmospheres
Authors: Sindel J. P. , Helling Ch. , Gobrecht D. , Chubb K. L. , Decin L.
Published: September 2023

Context. Clouds appear to be an unavoidable phenomenon in cool and dense environments. Hence, their inclusion is a necessary part of explaining observations of exoplanet atmospheres, most recently those of WASP 96b with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). Understanding the formation of cloud condensation nuclei in non-terrestrial environments is therefore crucial in developing accurate models to interpret current and future observations.

Aims. The goal of the paper is to support observations with infrared spectra for (TiO2)N clusters to study cloud formation in exoplanet atmospheres.

Methods. We derived vibrational frequencies from quantum-chemical calculations for 123 (TiO2)-clusters and their isomers and we evaluated their line-broadening mechanisms. Cluster spectra were calculated for several atmospheric levels for two example exoplanet atmospheres (WASP 121b-like and WASP 96b-like) to identify possible spectral fingerprints for cloud formation.

Results. The rotational motion of clusters and the rotational transitions within them cause significant line broadening, so that individual vibrational lines are broadened beyond the spectral resolution of the medium-resolution mode of the JWST mid-infrared instrument (MIRI) at R = 3000. However, each individual cluster isomer exhibits a ‘fingerprint’ IR spectrum. In particular, larger (TiO2) clusters have distinctly different spectra from smaller clusters. The morning and evening terminator for the same planet can exhibit different total absorbances, due to the greater abundance of different cluster sizes.

Conclusions. The largest (TiO2) clusters are not necessarily the most abundant (TiO2) clusters in the high-altitude regions of ultra-hot Jupiters and the different cluster isomers do contribute to the local absorbance. Planets with a considerable day-night asymmetry will be most suitable in the search for (TiO2) cluster isomers with the goal of improving cloud formation modelling.
Automated analysis of oscillations in coronal bright points
Authors: Ramsey B. , Verwichte E. , Morgan H.
Published: September 2023

Context. Coronal bright points (BPs) are numerous, bright, small-scale dynamical features found in the solar corona. Bright points have been observed to exhibit intensity oscillations across a wide range of periodicities and are likely an important signature of plasma heating and/or transport mechanisms.

Aims. We present a novel and efficient wavelet-based method that automatically detects and tracks the intensity evolution of BPs using images from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) in the 193 Å bandpass. Through the study of a large, statistically significant set of BPs, we attempt to place constraints on the underlying physical mechanisms.

Methods. We used a continuous wavelet transform (CWT) in 2D to detect the BPs within images. One-dimensional CWTs were used to analyse the individual BP time series to detect significant periodicities.

Results. We find significant periodicity at 4, 8–10, 17, 28, and 65 min. Bright point lifetimes are shown to follow a power law with exponent −1.13 ± 0.07. The relationship between the BP lifetime and maximum diameter similarly follows a power law with exponent 0.129 ± 0.011.

Conclusions. Our wavelet-based method successfully detects and extracts BPs and analyses their intensity oscillations. Future work will expand upon these methods, using larger datasets and simultaneous multi-instrument observations.