bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on charging safety and early warning of intelligent networked electric vehicles
Authors: Li Lei , Liu WeiDong , Li Dan , Li Xiaohui , Liu Xiaochen
Published: February 2021

With the continuous reduction of renewable resources and the increasing awareness of environmental protection, the phenomenon of replacing oil with electricity has become more and more common. Electric vehicles are an obvious example. In the past few years, electric vehicles have developed rapidly and become more and more popular in people’s lives. However, imperfect technology has caused frequent safety accidents. The main reason for this is the charging safety risk. In this paper, there are many complex factors affecting the charging safety of electric vehicles in terms of the safety of electric vehicle charging and the energy and data exchange direction between charging piles and electric vehicles. Based on the analysis of the factors that affect the charging safety of electric vehicles, this paper combines big data technology to study the charging safety of electric vehicles.
Classification of young males’ shoulder shapes based on cross-sectional morphological characteristics
Authors: Hu FangYuan , Jin JuanFeng , Wang ShuQing , Dang WenJing , Guo ZhenZhen , Liu ZiChao
Published: February 2021

This paper focused on the different characteristics of the shoulder cross-section curves closely related to the shape to subdivide the shoulder shapes. In this paper, 213 young college male students aged 18-26 were selected to measure the shoulder data with three-dimensional body scanner. With the help of imageware12.0 and matlabr2012b software, the cross-section curves which could be used to classify the shoulder shapes were extracted, and the method of subdividing the shoulder shapes with the curvature radius of the characteristic points of the cross-section curve and the ratio of sagittal to frontal diameter was established. K-means clustering method was used through dynamic clustering, the optimal classification number of shoulder shapes was determined to be 4 categories by variance analysis, and the shape differences of each shoulder shape were quantified; by comparing the curve shape of shoulder section, the curve change characteristics of 4 categories of shoulder section were further qualitatively described.
Economic Evaluation of CCUS Retrofitting of Coal-fired Power Plants Based on Net Cash Flow
Authors: Jin Jingqi , Xue Feng , Cai Bin , Yang Xinxin , Lai Yening , Jiang Dalin , Mao Yalin , Tao Yi
Published: February 2021

Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS) is one of the key technologies for realizing large-scale low-carbon utilization of coal-fired power plants in service. How to evaluate its economics is crucial to the decision-making of traditional coal-fired power enterprises. This paper analyzes the changes in the physical, emission and economic parameters of in-service coal-fired power plants without and with the CCUS retrofit. A method for evaluating the economic feasibility of coal-fired power plants retrofitting based on net cash flow is proposed, which compares the impact of CCUS retrofit on the net present value of the remaining life cycle of the power plant. The impact of uncertain parameters such as carbon dioxide sales unit price, carbon capture device operating cost, free carbon quota, and carbon emission right price on the evaluation results are analyzed.
Component optimization of porous permeable brick in “sponge city” based on rainfall area division
Authors: Wang Xiaofu , Zhang Xiong
Published: February 2021

The present study aims to prepare resin-based permeable bricks with micron-sized pores using fine aggregate with a particle diameter of 0.08mm-0.6mm and bisphenol-A epoxy resin, a polymer binder. The rainfall area of China was divided into 5 levels by using ArcGIS and Geoda geographic analysis software; The performance indexes of key components of resin-based permeable brick were selected by correlation with relevant standards, and the performance of materials is adjusted and designed according to the corresponding performance indexes, so as to meet the design requirements of “Sponge City”. The main method of material design is to adjust the key parameters of raw materials, such as aggregates, binder materials and admixtures, by using Image Pro Plus software and SEM and other test methods, so as to optimize the selection of “graded” aggregates and admixtures for different performance requirements scenarios to achieve the material selection goal. The highest permeable rate of resin-based permeable brick is 6.22× 10–2cm/s s, and the maximum compressive strength is more than 60MPa.
Study on the influencing factors and rules of the phased evacuation of building
Authors: Yang Li , Zhao Daoliang , Zeng Meiting , Lu Yun , Shi Lei , Zhou Hu
Published: February 2021

The whole evacuation of building fire personnel is always a research hotspot. However, in special occasions and conditions, evacuation to the first safety zone as soon as possible is a powerful way to ensure the safety of people’s lives, that is, the study of the phased evacuation of building is also of great practical significance. In this paper, the BuildingEXODUS software was used to establish the evacuation model, which mainly analyzed the influence and law of two physical factors on the evacuation of people from the room to the corridor: personnel density, personnel distribution in the corridor. In addition, MassMotion software was used to simulate and compare some conclusions under the same evacuation scene, aiming to study and compare the similarities and differences of the influence of the same physical factors on the phased evacuation of building under different simulation mechanisms.
Study on compatibility optimization of resin-based permeable pavement bricks
Authors: Luo Menghao , Zhang Xiong , Zhang Heng , Wang Xiaofu , Du Rongrong
Published: February 2021

The permeable pavement plays an important role in mitigating urban flooding. In order to explore the relationship between materials and properties to better guide the practical production of resin-based permeable bricks, 10 kinds of representative aggregate samples with obvious different characteristics were selected for preparation. In this study, Image Pro Plus was used to binarize the acquired image pictures of the aggregate so as to obtain particle group characteristic parameters. The properties and porosity of the brick were measured in order to describe the influence of the material. The results are as follows. The relative standard deviation of aggregate and the amount of cementing material are negatively related to the compressive strength of permeable bricks, but positively related to water permeability and filtration performance. The roundness and roughness of the aggregate are the opposite. Furthermore, the porosity of the permeable brick is the essential reason for this phenomenon, that is, as the porosity increase, the compressive strength decrease, but the water permeability and the filtration performance become better. In the end, an optimization method for the compatibility of resin-based pavement permeable bricks was proposed through reflecting all factors in a two-bit flat grayscale image which can be applied in performance prediction and guidance of material selection.
Effect of polycarboxylate superplasticizer on fluidity and rheology of cement slurry containing silica fume
Authors: Meng Qingen , He Juan , Cheng Congmi , Zhu Xiaofen
Published: February 2021

The effect of polycarboxylate superplasticizer on the fluidity and rheology of cement - silica fume - water paste was investigated. The changes of dispersion degree, yield stress and plastic viscosity of paste with different superplasticizer content were analyzed. The results show that the rheological properties of paste with different superplasticizer content conform to Herschel-Bulkley model. The shear thinning of the slurry is manifested as a typical yielding pseudoplastic fluid characteristic. When the content of superplasticizer is less than 1.0%, the plastic viscosity and yield stress decrease and the fluidity increase with the increase of plasticizer content. When the content of superplasticizer is more than 1.0%, the yield stress decreases slightly and the plastic viscosity increases with the increase of plasticizer content. The fluidity decreases with the increase of yield stress, and there is a good correlation between them.
Comparison and analysis of pile-soil separate calculation and composite foundation calculation method for gravel pile reinforcement
Authors: Li Hong-Yuan
Published: February 2021

This paper uses Indraratna seepage theory, Han pile-soil seepage theory and composite foundation theory to establish three plane strain models. Through finite element calculations, the changes in pore pressure and settlement are compared, and the following laws are found: (1) The model established by the composite foundation theory cannot reflect the objective laws of seepage and deformation; (2) In the case of multiple piles, there is no difference in settlement between Han pile-soil seepage theory considering the bearing characteristics of gravel piles and Indraratna seepage theory without considering the bearing characteristics of gravel piles. (3) The settlement value obtained by the principle of composite foundation is much smaller than the settlement value obtained by the separate calculation of pile and soil.
Ancient Chinese architecture in the future –An investigation with parametric modeling tools
Authors: Li Yuan , Li Zhi , Xu Chang
Published: February 2021

With the flexibility and modularity of the construction system, the ancient Chinese architecture was a configurative system until the modern time when it became figurative with nationalistic symbolism, and lost its flexibility to adapt in different functions. Through this study, the researchers try to exploit and release the powerful adaptation of this configurative system by using the method of parametric design. First of all, according to the modern parametric theory, the logic of the traditional structural system is found out by abandoning the feudal social hierarchical factors. And then, a 3D model of parametric structure with wide adaptability is established in Rhino by using its parametric design plug-in Grasshopper. Finally, on the basis of the modern parametric skin theory, two skin systems are attached to this new structure separately, in order to prove the feasibility of the new skin idea to this structure. Through the introduction of parametric modeling steps, this paper focuses on mining the modern adaptability of Chinese traditional architecture.
A Preliminary Study on Green Building 3D Modelling Energy-saving Design Combined with Traditional Ecological Concepts
Authors: Qin Runqi , Li Xinjian
Published: February 2021

By combining the green ecological wisdom on traditional Chinese residential buildings, this paper summarized the ideas that can be used for references and applications in modern green energy-saving design. In addition, in view of the inherent shortcomings of traditional residential buildings, this paper proposed a green energy-saving design method for traditional residential buildings based on 3D modelling technology, which is complementary to the traditional ecological construction concept. Based on the establishment of a 3D building information model of traditional residential buildings, the optimal solution for the energy-saving design of green buildings is found through energy-saving adjustments to the building space structure and building spacing parameters.
Evaluation Index for Preventive Maintenance of Highway Asphalt Pavement
Authors: Teng Weiling , Li Xiaofang
Published: February 2021

In order to make the decision of preventive maintenance of asphalt pavement, this paper analyses the related research, and finds the problems in the evaluation index system of preventive maintenance. Based on the characteristics of asphalt pavement and the actual maintenance demand, the evaluation index system of preventive maintenance of asphalt pavement is constructed.
Strategies for Activating Historic District: Micro-reform Implement in Qiulin District, Harbin
Authors: Lei Binyu , Gao Qi , Cui Yanyao
Published: February 2021

This paper explores urban strategies that address existing problems in Qiulin District, which is famous as a historic district with plenty of cultural memories in Harbin, China. In the paper, it firstly introduces the definition of historic district and made a brief review of academic literatures about space activation. It then takes Qiulin District in Harbin as a case to further discuss the current dilemma. In terms of land use, Qiulin District is primarily commercial and residential that increases the difficulty of activating this area. In accordance with demonstrated issues: 1) heritage buildings with limited value capture, 2) diverse business types challenged with urgent upgrading, 3) multiple high-quality resources utilized in weak synergy, it proposes three main strategies to solve problems. With introducing the concept of micro-reform, the strategies: 1) activate heritage buildings to recapture historic value, 2) extend outdoor space and upgrade commercial structure to enhance characteristic streets, 3) design for fun life to build inclusive network, compressively explore a number of possibilities to reflect the current situation and achieve visionary planning. Finally, this paper draws discussion about the significance of space activation for historic districts towards environmental sustainability and human beings.
Connotation Analysis on Sustainable Development Strategy of Garment Enterprises — Case Study on the Famous Brand JNBY
Authors: Dai Yuqian , Cui Yan , Liu Xiaogang
Published: February 2021

Domestic original designer brand JYBY adheres to environmental protection and social responsibility actions, and integrates sustainable development into its strategic planning. This paper mainly USES case analysis method to analyse the composition and implementation measures of JNBY’s sustainable development strategy, so as to provide experience for other garment enterprises in China to formulate sustainable development strategies.
Analysis of the experience of renovating industrial enterprises into hotels in China
Authors: Gong Zehong , Bridnia Larysa
Published: February 2021

The adaptive reuse of abandoned industrial buildings is a very hot topic in the post-industrial modern society. The re-equipment of these buildings and territories can be carried out in different directions for different functions: exhibition complexes, public centers, museums, trade enterprises. This study focuses on the renovation of such industrial buildings into hotels in China. The experience of reconstruction and related literature has been studied. The study found that since most of the post-industrial buildings in China are small in size, they are suitable for repurposing as boutique hotels. Large industrial buildings and complexes in mega cities in China can be converted into luxury hotels. Renovation of old industrial buildings into hotels makes it possible to double the average lifespan of buildings approximately up to 60-65 years.
Re-Exploration of the Sustainability of Traditional Village Spatial Development in The Epidemic Era – From the Perspective of Jiangnan Region, China
Authors: Liu Xinqu , Wu Yongfa , Liu Junyang , Liao Zaiyi
Published: February 2021

The global spread of the COVID-19 has given severely challenge to the contemporary human settlement environment. Traditional villages, as an essential human settlement, which has been significant in contemporary life. This article takes the traditional village space in the Jiangnan region, China as an example to analyse the positive interaction between humans and nature, health, and space in its traditional design. This research points out that in the traditional village space, healthy human settlements have two levels: “material form” and “internal sprite”. In addition to focusing on the transformation, innovation, and application of the technology, designers should exceed the material level to seek non-material dialogue and integration, to explore the important role of inner spiritual art for healthy living. Finally, this research combine with the urban epidemic prevention function and pointed out that the symbiosis mechanism between urban and rural areas should be actively explored. The penetration and integration of urban and rural areas can better cure, and promote the sustainable protection, activation, utilization and innovation of traditional villages in the future.
Research on the Coordination of Protection Coupling of Ecological Environment and Tourism Development
Authors: Yang Li , Su Pengcheng
Published: February 2021

While tourism has become a strategic pillar industry, adding vitality to regional development, ecological and environmental problems have become increasingly prominent. Based on the evaluation index system of ecological environment and tourism development, the paper takes Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region as an example and uses entropy weighting method to reduce the dimension of the original data. Then, the coupled coordination model is used to compare and analyse the comprehensive development index of the two systems from 2009 to 2018, as well as the development level of the coupling coordination degree between the systems. The results are as follows: (1) Ecological environment and tourism development are interrelated and mutually restricted, with positive and negative feedback. (2) The comprehensive development level of ecological environment system and tourism development system is generally on the rise. The coupling degree fluctuates between the two systems, but the coordination degree and the comprehensive development index show a trend of steady growth on the whole, which accords with the characteristics of high coupling and not high coordination. (3) Finally, according to the development of the coupled coordination model, some suggestions on future ecological environment and tourism development are put forward.
The Application and Analysis of Opera Costume Elements in the Modern Costume Design
Authors: Zhang Jinbin
Published: February 2021

This paper analyzes the application of opera costume elements in modern costume design, combines with the application of ideas in the paper, and applies opera costume elements to modern costume. Under this concept, four kinds of modern ready-to-wear clothes with opera costume elements are designed. Taking the works as examples, the whole process of the application design of opera costume elements in modern costume design is presented, which provides ideas and directions for the modern application design of opera costume elements in the future. It is also hoped that the research findings of this paper can give reference to designers.
River corridor ventilation analysis and riverfront planning strategy in Tianjin’s urban core area
Authors: Ma Tong , Chen Tian
Published: February 2021

River corridors are important potential wind path in cities. This paper took the river in the core area of Tianjin as the research object. By using two ventilation indicators as frontal area index (FAI) and frontal area density (FAD), the overall ventilation and pedestrian level ventilation of riverfront area were quantitatively analyzed. The result showed that contrary to common belief, due to the high FAI of the riverfront area, river corridor in Tianjin’s core area did not play the role of wind path but obstructed the wind flow. Also the low FAD indicator of the riverfront area lead to a better outdoor comfort in summer but worse comfort in winter. After verified the correlation between planning indicators (floor area ratio, building height and site coverage) and ventilation indicators, a cluster pattern urban riverfront development mode was proposed. Also a ventilation corridor planning methods based on the river direction and dominant wind direction was suggested. These planning strategy will be more conductive to the wind path and cooling island potential of the river corridors in urban core area.
Current status and content of quantitative criteria in clinical trials of compression therapy
Authors: Lei Congcong , Chen Lu
Published: February 2021

Objective: The scale of the treatment effect of lymphedema pressure has not been clarified, and there appears to be a lack of evidence for research in this area. There is no clear and uniform standard for measuring the experimental results of lymphedema treatment with pressure clothing, and there seems to be a lack of research on the experimental results measure. The purpose of this study was to summarize and quality evaluate the existing scientific evaluation criteria for the therapeutic measure of upper limb compression. To review the differences and similarities in efficacy evaluation criteria of pressure cuff, pressure bandage, CDT and other treatment methods. And some new ideas. Methods: Narrative review based on search in Pub-Med/Web of Science through keywords related to compression in lymphedema. A systematic review of published literature was performed. Results: In the review, 1716 articles were screened, of which 11 trials were included. The primary end point of the assessment and results was to measure changes in arm volume, secondary endpoints were the quality of life, patient compliance, range of motion of arm joints and other reason. Although the effectiveness of compression therapy can be obtained by comparing experiments, there is no uniform measurement of experimental results, so it is impossible to compare the effectiveness between different experiments. Conclusions: At present, in the treatment of lymphedema, the effect of the pressurized sleeve is recognized, and the accepted measure is the change in arm volume, and secondary criteria vary widely. The available literature lacks a unified measurement standard for experimental results and measurement items. Researchers should combine the actual situation of the local patients with lymphedema to construct a suitable measure of the effect of lymphedema compression treatment after breast cancer.
Design of Pedestrian Landscape Flying-Bird Arch Bridge with Cable-Stayed Cable and Lissajous Curved Arch Rib
Authors: Zhu Guangchuan , Xu Wenping , Xu Jinfa
Published: February 2021

In view of the demand of super long span pedestrian landscape bridge with curved deck, this paper proposes a kind of cable-stayed and flying-brid arch bridge with Lissajous curved arch rib and double curved bridge deck. Its plane positive projection is Lissajous curve figure, the side elevation of the arch rib is the shape of the cable-stayed and flying-brid arch, and the arch foot cable and the upper space cable between the arch ribs are installed on the Lissajous spatial curved arch rib with concrete-filled steel tube to form a self balanced structure system, which floats and drags across the river. The main arch sling and the tail cable are installed, the double curved bridge deck and the central circular sightseeing platform are suspended, and multiple groups of spatial cables work well together to complement each other, with having complementary advantages. Combined with the actual project, the parameter design is carried out, the Midas finite element model is established, the internal force of the structure is calculated, the structural dynamic mode and stability analysis are carried out, the rationality of its structural performance is verified by analysis and research.
The culture and inheritance of Huizhou architecture: taking the design practice of INK Weiping tourism cultural street as an example
Authors: Peng Zhiming , Yang Yang , Xiao Hanyue , Li Yunzhang , Bi Zhongsong
Published: February 2021

This article uses the design analysis and insights of the Weiping Tourism Cultural Street, which the author participated in and practice to discuss how Huizhou culture can be protected and inherited in tourism cultural projects. Through the planning of the buildings of the project and the site planning of the surrounding environment, the formation of public spaces such as traditional streets, traditional theaters, as well as the influence of Huizhou culture on the space and architectural style and details of the building, the article interprets in detail the application of Huizhou architectural design and its traditional cultural connotations in cultural tourism development projects. At the same time, the article also discusses and summarizes the problems encountered in the protection and inheritance of Huizhou culture in the design and development process of the project, which has an enlightening effect on the better integration of the current practice of new Huizhou architecture with the current social and economic environment.
Towards “Autonomous”: A review of the “stereotypical” behaviors in Robotic construction
Authors: Yu Boyuan , Zhang Lei , Zhang Haoxing
Published: February 2021

With the development of digitalization in the architecture industry, robotic construction is now attracting attention as a new technology in the architecture industry. As the number of research cases increases, some people question whether robotic construction is really an efficient and autonomous construction process. The purpose of this paper is to point out the “stereotypical” behavior of robots in autonomous construction in the architecture industry and to question the repetition of a single action by robots in terms of architectural theory and its history. It attempts to outline an objective relationship between robotic construction and architecture and to give architects a warning and advice. It is hoped that in the future, architects will be able to realize autonomous from the perspective of architectural theory and history, rather than simply being limited by the technical constraints of computer language translation and programming.
Landscape ecological risk assessment and spatiotemporal change analysis in Yonghe County
Authors: Yan Jixuan , Li Guang , Wang Haiyan , Zhang Meihua , Sun Dongyuan , Kang Xia
Published: February 2021

On the basis of land use data, combined with ArcGIS and fragstats4.2, the landscape ecological risk spatial mode and process feature of Yonghe county from 1980 to 2018 were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) from 1980 to 2018, the landscape pattern of Yonghe county changed obviously, the area of arable land and holt decreased, while the area of grassland, water and buildings grow a number. The conversion area between arable land and grassland is the largest. In Yonghe County, the fragmentation degree of landscape is on the rise, and the separation degree is also on the rise. The overall dominance of construction land is the largest, and the dominance of grassland is the smallest. (2) The landscape ecological risk level gradually subsided, the area of middle risk area decreased, and moderate risk areas are falling. From the spatial distribution analysis, the risk types of Yonghe County subsided from southeast to northwest. The high-risk areas were principally scattered in sangbi town and Jiaokou township. The main landscape type in this area was grassland, which was easily disturbed by human activities; the low-risk areas were principally scattered in Potou Township in the north and Yonghe County in the middle of the study area, and Woodland and buildings are the main landscape types land have strong anti-interference ability and low risk value.
Felix muss ins gelbe Glashäuschen
Authors: Luck Patricia
Published: February 2021

Um Patienten zu helfen, die an einer Erkrankung des blutbildenden Systems leiden, wird eine Stammzelltransplantation angewendet. So wie bei Felix, der aufgrund eines schweren Immundefekts keine Immunzellen hat. Der folgende Beitrag beschreibt an seinem Beispiel die Pflege eines Patienten und seiner Familie vor, während und nach der Stammzelltransplantation am Kinderspital Zürich.
Diagnose und zielgerichtete Therapie der Fournier-Gangrän mit septischem Verlauf: Vorstellung eines Behandlungsalgorithmus, Identifikation von Risikofaktoren, Betrachtung des Mikrobioms und Abgleich mit der Literatur
Authors: Wöhler Aliona , Schwab Robert , Güsgen Christoph , Schaaf Sebastian , Weitzel Carolin , Jänig Christoph , Willms Arnulf
Published: February 2021

Hintergrund Die Fournier-Gangrän ist eine nekrotisierende Fasziitis Typ I der genitalen und perinealen Regionen, die insbesondere bei schweren Verläufen und systemischer Sepsis mit einer hohen Letalität vergesellschaftet ist. Der Schwerpunkt wurde auf die Evaluation der Risikofaktoren und Komorbiditäten, auf das bakteriologische Spektrum, laborchemische Analysen, Mortalität und den Verlauf nach dem algorithmischen Vorgehen gelegt.

Material und Methoden Es wurden 10 Patienten am Bundeswehrzentralkrankenhaus Koblenz im Zeitraum von 2010 bis 2019 mit einer Fournier-Gangrän und Sepsis sowie einer mindestens 48-stündigen Intensivtherapie erfasst und deskriptiv analysiert.

Ergebnisse Die Patientenkohorte bestand aus 6 männlichen und 4 weiblichen Patienten mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 62 Jahren (Range 42 – 78 Jahre). Der durchschnittliche Zeitpunkt zwischen Auftreten der Beschwerden und der Krankenhausaufnahme betrug 4 Tage (Range 3 – 5). Die häufigste Genese war ein Bagatelltrauma bei bestehender entgleister Diabeteserkrankung (30%). Diabetes mellitus (60%) und Adipositas (80% mit BMI > 25) waren führende Risikofaktoren. Bei 90% der Patienten bestand eine polymikrobielle Besiedlung. Alle Patienten wiesen eine Multiorgandysfunktion auf und hatten einen SOFA-Score zwischen 3 und 17 Punkten. Die Mortalitätsrate betrug in unserem Patientenkollektiv 40%. Signifikante Unterschiede zwischen überlebenden und verstorbenen Patienten zeigten PCT, INR und aPTT (p < 0,05).

Schlussfolgerung Die Fournier-Gangrän ist insbesondere bei septischem Verlauf nach wie vor eine Erkrankung mit hoher Letalitätsrate. Bei foudroyantem Verlauf bedarf es einer unmittelbaren Diagnosestellung sowie eines aggressiven operativen Vorgehens, um die Letalität so gering wie möglich zu halten. Nach initialem radikalem Débridement sowie stabilisierenden intensivmedizinischen Maßnahmen folgen weitere operative Eingriffe. In der postakuten Phase hat sich die Anwendung der Vakuumtherapie zur Defektverkleinerung bewährt.
An Overview of Computational Fluid Dynamics Preoperative Analysis of the Nasal Airway
Authors: Xavier Rui , Menger Dirk-Jan , de Carvalho Henrique Cyrne , Spratley Jorge
Published: February 2021

Evaluation of the nasal airway is crucial for every patient with symptoms of nasal obstruction as well as for every patient with other nasal symptoms. This assessment of the nasal airway comprises clinical examination together with imaging studies, with the correlation between findings of this evaluation and symptoms reported by the patient being based on the experience of the surgeon. Measuring nasal airway resistance or nasal airflow can provide additional data regarding the nasal airway, but the benefit of these objective measurements is limited due to their lack of correlation with patient-reported evaluation of nasal breathing. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has emerged as a valuable tool to assess the nasal airway, as it provides objective measurements that correlate with patient-reported evaluation of nasal breathing. CFD is able to evaluate nasal airflow and measure variables such as heat transfer or nasal wall shear stress, which seem to reflect the activity of the nasal trigeminal sensitive endings that provide sensation of nasal breathing. Furthermore, CFD has the unique capacity of making airway analysis of virtual surgery, predicting airflow changes after trial virtual modifications of the nasal airway. Thereby, CFD can assist the surgeon in deciding surgery and selecting the surgical techniques that better address the features of each specific nose. CFD has thus become a trend in nasal airflow assessment, providing reliable results that have been validated for analyzing airflow in the human nasal cavity. All these features make CFD analysis a mainstay in the armamentarium of the nasal surgeon. CFD analysis may become the gold standard for preoperative assessment of the nasal airway.
Klinik Unternehmen: Auf-/Absteiger des Monats
Authors: Schmidt Hartmut
Published: February 2021

Börsenexperte Hartmut Schmidt analysiert für kma die Jahresabschlüsse ausgewählter Kliniken
Risikomanagement: Supply-Chain-Resilienz im Krankenhaus
Authors: Köhler Mathias , Schlüchtermann Jörg
Published: February 2021

Im Klinikeinkauf sind täglich zahlreiche Risiken zu managen, vom Produktrückruf bis zum Ausfall eines Lieferanten. Es bedarf daher einer strukturierten Herangehensweise zum Erfassen, Bewerten und Verringern solcher Risiken.
Therapeutischer Ultraschall: Schonende Behandlung von Myomen
Authors: Bailis Nikolaos , Melzer Andreas , Denecke Timm , Aktas Bahriye
Published: February 2021

Ultraschall kommt nicht nur in der Diagnostik, sondern auch für die Therapie zum Einsatz. Das Universitätsklinikum Leipzig verwendet Ultraschall zur nicht-invasiven Behandlung von Tumoren der Gebärmutter.
Hautkrebs-Früherkennung: Messen statt sehen
Authors: Lang Michael
Published: February 2021

Forscher in Baden-Württemberg haben ein neuartiges Verfahren zur Früherkennung von Hautkrebs entwickelt. Der Prototyp wird gerade an einer Universitätsklinik evaluiert. Die wirtschaftliche Bedeutung des Verfahrens geht weit über die Dermatologie hinaus.
Pflexit: Alle warten auf den ersten Präzedenzfall
Authors: König Romy
Published: February 2021

Seit vergangenem Jahr werden Pflegepersonalkosten nicht mehr innerhalb des DRG-Systems finanziert, sondern müssen zwischen Kliniken und Krankenkassen aufwendig verhandelt werden. Trotz monatelanger Vorbereitungen stand bis zum Jahreswechsel ein erster Vertragsabschluss noch immer aus.
Dislocation density reduction using overgrowth on hole arrays made in heteroepitaxial diamond substrates
Authors: Mehmel L. , Issaoui R. , Brinza O. , Tallaire A. , Mille V. , Delchevalrie J. , Saada S. , Arnault J. C. , Bénédic F. , Achard J.
Published: February 2021

The growth of large-area diamond films with low dislocation density is a landmark in the fabrication of diamond-based power electronic devices or high-energy particle detectors. Here, we report the development of a growth strategy based on the use of micrometric laser-pierced hole arrays to reduce dislocation densities in heteroepitaxial chemical vapor deposition diamond. We show that, under optimal growth conditions, this strategy leads to a reduction in dislocation density by two orders of magnitude to reach an average value of 6 × 105 cm−2 in the region where lateral growth occurred, which is equivalent to that typically measured for commercial type Ib single crystal diamonds.
Experimental and theoretical study of magnetization and magnetocaloric effect in Nd1−xSmxFeO3
Authors: Rajput Sarita , B. Padmanabhan , Singh Ankita , Anas M. , Malik V. K. , Maitra T.
Published: February 2021

We have experimentally and theoretically investigated the magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effect in doped orthoferrite series Nd1−xSmxFeO3 (x = 0, 0.1, and 0.4). Our magnetization measurements reveal that the spin-reorientation transition temperatures of the Fe3+ moments increase as a function of Sm doping. Our measurements on the magnetocaloric effect indicate that the effect [measured by the maximum change in magnetic entropy (−ΔSM)] reduces with Sm doping. Non-collinear calculations including the effect of Coulomb correlation (U) and spin–orbit interaction (SO) were performed within the GGA + U + SO approximation using the first-principles density functional theory (DFT) to establish the magnetic structure above and below the spin-reorientation transition. Calculations of the exchange interaction strengths using DFT reveal a higher strength of Sm–Fe exchange interaction than that of Nd–Fe interaction, which explains the higher spin-reorientation transition temperatures observed in the doped compounds. Using Monte Carlo calculations on the Ising model with large moments of Nd/Sm, we have extracted the effective nearest neighbor exchange interaction values between rare-earth moments, which provide good agreement with the corresponding experimental results on −ΔSM around and below the transition temperature.
Three-dimensional spectral proper orthogonal decomposition analyses of the turbulent flow around a seal-vibrissa-shaped cylinder
Authors: Chu Shijun , Xia Chao , Wang Hanfeng , Fan Yajun , Yang Zhigang
Published: February 2021

The flow around a seal-vibrissa-shaped cylinder (SVSC) is numerically investigated using the large eddy simulation framework at a Reynolds number of 20 000. Compared with a circular cylinder (CC), the wake of the SVSC presents more stable three-dimensional separation, a longer vortex formation length, and a weaker vortex strength. The mean drag and fluctuation of the lift coefficient are 59.5% and 87.7% lower than those of the CC, respectively. Three-dimensional spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (SPOD) is used to investigate the turbulent flow around these two types of cylinders in terms of the spatial modes, mode energy, mode coefficients, and reconstructed flow by a reduced-order modeling. Four typical vortex shedding patterns are first extracted by SPOD for the SVSC, producing crescent-, twist-, branch-, and knot-shaped vortices. A concept model is proposed for the wake dynamics of the SVSC, allowing the formation and transformation of these modes to be elucidated. Detailed analysis of the impact of the flow pattern on the associated forces indicates that the dominant out-phase vortex shedding at the upper and lower saddle planes makes a significant contribution to the reduction in lift fluctuations.
Broadband topological valley transport of elastic wave in reconfigurable phononic crystal plate
Authors: Gao Nan , Qu Sichao , Si Liang , Wang Jiao , Chen Weiqiu
Published: February 2021

Topological insulators have attracted intensive attention due to their robust properties of path defect immunity, with diverse applications in electromagnetic, acoustic, and elastic systems. The recent development of elastic topological insulators (ETIs), based on artificially structured phononic crystals, has injected new momentum into the manipulation of elastic waves. Earlier ETIs with unreconfigurable geometry and narrow frequency bandgaps hinder the exploration and design of adaptable devices. In this work, a tunable phononic crystal plate with Y-shaped prisms is designed to support valley transport of elastic waves, based on the analogy of the quantum valley Hall effect. By rotating the prisms to reconstruct the configuration, the mirror symmetry is broken to open a new bandgap. Based on this characteristic, we design an interface between two ETIs with different symmetry-broken geometries, which supports topologically protected edge states. We further design a reconfigurable device for elastic wave channel switching and beam splitting and demonstrate it both numerically and experimentally. In addition, in order to meet the requirement of the wide frequency range, the genetic algorithm is adopted to optimize the geometry so as to achieve the broadband valley transportation of elastic waves. The results obtained in this paper can promote the practical applications of tunable broadband elastic wave transmission.
Welfare implications of bacterial and viral infectious diseases for laying hens
Authors: Noormohammadi Amir H.
Published: February 2021

Bacterial and viral infectious diseases are significant welfare concerns as they cause a range of clinical signs and mortality depending on the body system(s) affected and severity of the disease. Basic skills in the detection of the clinical signs in poultry and provisional diagnosis of the infectious disease is important for the immediate course of action that needs to be taken to eliminate or reduce the impact of the disease on bird’s welfare. Therefore, in this chapter, bacterial and viral diseases of laying hens (chickens) have been described on the basis of their clinical signs and lesions, as opposed to the classes of infecting bacterial or viral agents. Diseases causing sudden death, respiratory illness, ill thrift, diarrhoea, lameness or recumbency, and reduced egg production and quality are discussed.
The
mop1
mutation affects the recombination landscape in maize
Authors: Zhao Meixia , Ku Jia-Chi , Liu Beibei , Yang Diya , Yin Liangwei , Ferrell Tyshawn J. , Stoll Claire E. , Guo Wei , Zhang Xinyan , Wang Dafang , Wang Chung-Ju Rachel , Lisch Damon
Published: February 2021

Significance

Meiotic recombination is regulated by both genetic and epigenetic factors such as DNA methylation. In maize, we found that the
mop1
mutation removes CHH (where H = A, T, or C) methylation that is immediately adjacent to sites of frequent recombination in both chromosomal arms and pericentromeric regions. We further found that the
mop1
mutation increased meiotic recombination frequencies in chromosomal arms but decreased them in pericentromeric regions. Our data demonstrate that although CHH methylation is present at a much lower level than CG and CHG methylation, it has a substantial effect on recombination frequencies, suggesting an important role for RNA-directed DNA methylation in meiotic recombination in maize.
Global inequities and political borders challenge nature conservation under climate change
Authors: Titley Mark A. , Butchart Stuart H. M. , Jones Victoria R. , Whittingham Mark J. , Willis Stephen G.
Published: February 2021

Significance

Ecological communities are undergoing a major redistribution as species track their moving climatic niches on a warming planet. This has major repercussions for global biodiversity governance. By simulating the changing distributions of species under climate change, and comparing impacts between nations, we highlight the global inequities in climate impacts on nature. We then consider the global importance of transboundary conservation under climate change, as many species ranges are projected to move across political borders. By mapping transboundary range shifts globally, we highlight regions where international cooperation may be most useful for conservation and where border barriers may be most detrimental. Our findings underscore the need for cooperation across national boundaries to minimize biodiversity loss in the face of global change.
Entropic formation of a thermodynamically stable colloidal quasicrystal with negligible phason strain
Authors: Je Kwanghwi , Lee Sangmin , Teich Erin G. , Engel Michael , Glotzer Sharon C.
Published: February 2021

Significance

Quasicrystals––ordered crystals lacking translational periodicity––occur in systems comprising building blocks ranging from atoms to nanoparticles. These quasicrystals can have the same structure despite the obvious differences in building-block type or size. Do they all form in the same way? Or do colloidal quasicrystals grow differently than atomic quasicrystals? We study the formation of a colloidal quasicrystal in a hard tetrahedron system, where structural ordering is solely governed by entropy. We observe that the colloidal quasicrystal forms with high structural quality when simulations begin in the melt. We also find that structural imperfections in approximant crystals can be repaired by the relaxation process observed during quasicrystal formation. This demonstrates that our quasicrystal is thermodynamically stable.
Global citation inequality is on the rise
Authors: Nielsen Mathias Wullum , Andersen Jens Peter
Published: February 2021

Significance

By analyzing a global sample of 4 million authors and 26 million scientific papers, this study finds that the top 1% most-cited scientists have increased their cumulative citation shares from 14 to 21% between 2000 and 2015 and that the Gini coefficient for citation imbalance has risen from 0.65 to 0.70. The growing citation concentration should be understood in the context of diverging trends in publication and collaboration activities for the top 1% compared to the “ordinary scientist.” Our study raises intriguing questions about how rising inequalities will shape the evolution of science.
Global tree intrinsic water use efficiency is enhanced by increased atmospheric CO
2
and modulated by climate and plant functional types
Authors: Mathias Justin M. , Thomas Richard B.
Published: February 2021

Significance

Changes in tree physiology driven by environmental change can alter the balance of forest ecosystem carbon and water fluxes. We performed a meta-analysis of published tree ring literature, comprising 36 different species across 84 sites globally, to show stimulated leaf photosynthesis, not reduced stomatal conductance, is primarily responsible for recently increasing tree intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE), which integrates the balance between carbon and water fluxes. Furthermore, we show trends in tree iWUE are similar in magnitude to the increase in atmospheric CO
2
over the 20th century and that climate interacts with CO
2
to modulate tree iWUE. These findings will help to guide efforts of refining the role of forests in process-based models under future environmental change.
Torsional stress can regulate the unwrapping of two outer half superhelical turns of nucleosomal DNA
Authors: Ishida Hisashi , Kono Hidetoshi
Published: February 2021

Significance

The torsional stress to chromatin structure plays an important role in eukaryotic cell where DNA-binding proteins such as RNA polymerase and chromatin remodeling complexes actively apply torsional stress. Under torsional stress, chromatin keeps balance between the integrity of the eukaryotic genome for storage of the genetic information and the accessibility of the DNA for gene expression. Using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations, we found that positive torsion facilitated asymmetric unwrapping of the DNA without a large extension of the DNA, while negative torsion suppressed unwrapping. Our results suggest that the stability of individual nucleosomes in chromatin can be changed or tuned by torsional stress, thereby DNA accessibility of regulatory proteins can be changed to regulate gene expression.
CD20 as a gatekeeper of the resting state of human B cells
Authors: Kläsener Kathrin , Jellusova Julia , Andrieux Geoffroy , Salzer Ulrich , Böhler Chiara , Steiner Sebastian N. , Albinus Jonas B. , Cavallari Marco , Süß Beatrix , Voll Reinhard E. , Boerries Melanie , Wollscheid Bernd , Reth Michael
Published: February 2021

Significance

Worldwide about one million patients are given anti-CD20 antibodies such as rituximab (RTX) for the treatment of B cell-associated diseases. Despite the success of this first therapeutic antibody, little is known about the function of its target. The role of CD20 only becomes clear in the context of the nanoscale compartmentalization of the B lymphocyte membrane. We found that CD20 is an organizer of the IgD-class nanocluster on the B cell membrane. The loss of CD20 on human B cells results in a dissolution of the IgD-class nanocluster and a transient B cell activation inducing a B cell-to-PC differentiation. Thus, CD20 is an essential gatekeeper of a membrane nanodomain and the resting state of naive B cells.
Drought stress and hurricane defoliation influence mountain clouds and moisture recycling in a tropical forest
Authors: Scholl Martha A. , Bassiouni Maoya , Torres-Sánchez Angel J.
Published: February 2021

Significance

Mountains are focal areas for the transfer of water from atmosphere to land, but sustainable water provision under changing land cover and climate scenarios is not well understood. Our land-based measurements show mountain cloud formation in a coastal setting is significantly influenced by the condition of the windward forest, which regulates terrestrial energy and moisture cycles. We relate recycling of antecedent rainfall and diurnal patterns of temperature and water vapor along the mountain slope to mountain cloud occurrence. Cloud base height increased, and forest immersion frequency changed in response to both drought stress and hurricane defoliation. These findings inform resource management about how drought and deforestation may affect mountain precipitation, a major component of water availability worldwide.