bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Results of surgical treatment of malignant kidney tumors based on the materials of urology departments of the Siberian State Medical University clinics
Authors: Latypov V. R. , Popov V. S. , Latypova V. N. , Novikov S. I. , Akhmedov D. B. , Zebzeeva O. S.
Published: March 2023

Aim. To analyze the results of treatment of patients with kidney tumors in urology departments of the Siberian State Medical University clinics.

Materials and methods. The number of patients with kidney tumors hospitalized in the urology department of the general surgery clinic was 7–10 % of the total annual number of surgical interventions in the urology department. We analyzed 132 cases of malignant kidney tumors. All patients went through imaging and laboratory studies.

Results. Treatment results are known in 125 (94.0 %) patients. Mean age of patients was 57.9 years (27 to 86), there were 77 men and 55 women (1.4:1 ratio). Mean tumor size was 6.5 ± 3.6 cm, no significant differences were observed between men and women. Radical nephrectomy was performed in 75 (56.8 %) patients, kidney resection in 57 (43.2 %) patients. Tumor size in nephrectomy cases was 8.2 ± 3.7 cm and 4.3 ± 2.1 cm in kidney resection (p <0.05). In patients with larger tumors five-year survival was lower: tumor size £4 cm was associated with five-year survival of 79.6 %, while tumor size >7 cm with only 36.9 % (p = 0.001).

In our study, 23 (17.4 %) patients with inferior vena cava thrombosis were operated on: 11 (8.3 %) men, 12 (9.1 %) women. Mean age of patients with inferior vena cava thrombosis was 57.2 years (between 35 and 74 years). In this group of patients, mean tumor size was 10.8 ± 4.1 cm (between 4.2 and 19). Based on TNM classification, tumors were classified as follows: T3b stage – 17 (12.9 %), T4 stage – 6 (4.5 %), N0 – 15 (11.4 %), N+ – 8 (6.1 %). Left kidney was affected in 6 (4.5 %) cases, right kidney was affected in 17 (12.9 %) cases. Type of surgery performed in this group of patients was classified as: radical nephrectomy with thrombectomy and lymphadenectomy, one case included resection of the inferior vena cava with a section reconstructed using a xenopericardial transplant. Mean surgery duration was 212.4 ± 52.3 (130–320) minutes. Mean blood loss volume was 1177.0 ± 933.4 (100–4600) ml. Postoperative complications were observed in 35 (21.2 %) patients. Overall five-year survival for patients with malignant kidney tumors was 61.8 %, for patients with tumor thrombosis it was 31.3 %.

Conclusion. Surgical treatment of patients with malignant kidney tumors allows to significantly improve patients’ survival preserving quality of life.
The probable role of retroelements in the development of Wilms’ tumor in chromosomal syndromes
Authors: Mustafin R. N.
Published: March 2023

The review article analyzes the data accumulated in the literature on the association of Wilms’ tumor with chromosomal syndromes and searches for possible causes of this phenomenon. In 10 % of all cases, nephroblastoma is represented by a hereditary tumor syndrome due to germline mutations in suppressor genes, mainly in the WT1 gene, less often in WT2, WTX, CTNNB1, TP53. These genes are associated with retroelements that play a role in the development of Wilms’ tumor, promoting carcinogenesis, causing genome instability. LINE-1 retroelement is a negative regulator of WT1 expression, while suppressor genes are characterized by suppression of retroelement activity. Part of the pathogenesis of Perlman, Beckwith-Wiedemann, WAGR, and trisomy 18 syndromes caused by germline microdeletions is the activation of retroelements that promote somatic chromosomal rearrangements, including deletions, insertions, and translocations, which are characteristic of sporadic Wilms’ tumor. Long noncoding RNAs and microRNAs are formed from retroelements during evolution or directly during the processing of their transcripts. At the same time, long noncoding RNAs affect the development of Wilms’ tumor by various mechanisms: due to the effect on ferroptosis (lncRNA AC007406.1, AC005208.1, LINC01770, DLGAP1-AS2, AP002761.4, STPG3-AS1, AC129507.1, AC234772.2, LINC02447, AC009570.1, ZBTB20-AS1 and LINC01179), Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways (HOTAIR, MEG3), apoptosis (HAGLROS), regulation of expression of specific miRNAs (SNHG6, MEG8, XIST, SNHG16, DLEU1, CRNDE, SNHG6, DLGAP1, OSTM1-AS1, EMX2OS, H19). Analysis of the MDTE DB database revealed nephroblastoma-associated miRNAs that originate from retrotransposons. These include miR-192, -335, -378c, -562, -630, -1248. These molecules are promising for possible use in the pathogenetic treatment of Wilms’ tumor due to their effect on pathologically activated retrotransposons.
Video endoscopic inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy in penile cancer
Authors: Metelkova E. A. , Nesterov P. V. , Gurin E. V. , Ukharskiy A. V.
Published: March 2023

Background. Dissection of inguinal lymph nodes is an important method of treatment of invasive and locally advanced penile cancer. Unfortunately, the procedure is associated with very high complication rate exceeding 50 %.

Aim. To perform retrospective comparative analysis of oncological outcomes, intraoperative and early postoperative complications of open and endoscopic inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy in treatment of patients with penile cancer.

Materials and methods. Treatment outcomes of 64 patients with penile cancer who underwent open or video endoscopic lymphadenectomy were analyzed. Primary and secondary surgical treatment outcomes were evaluated.

Results. Open inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy was performed in 54 patients, video endoscopic in 10. Analysis of primary surgical results showed a significant (3-fold) reduction of the duration of lymphorrhea and the duration of hospitalization (2-fold) in patients of the video endoscopic lymphadenectomy group. There was no difference in the number of removed lymph nodes in the two types of surgeries. Average operative time for video endoscopic lymphadenectomy was 15–20 % longer than operative time of open intervention. Analysis of safety indicators showed that during open surgery, the frequency of wound infection was 24 %, skin flap necrosis – 55.5 %, wound dehiscence – 52 %, lymphedema – 15 %. No such complications were observed in lateral video endoscopic inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy.

Conclusion. Video endoscopic inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy has significant advantages compared to open method in terms of reduction of the rate of surgical complications and duration of hospitalization.
Lawmaking in the Republic of Crimea: The Current State and Prospects
Authors: Bondarchuk I. V.
Published: March 2023

The paper examines the issue of the lawmaking development in the Republic of Crimea as a subsystem of lawmaking in the Russian Federation in modern conditions. The author analyzes historical stages of development of the Crimea legislation from the 1991 Referendum to the adoption of the new Constitution of the Republic of Crimea in 2014 and the factors contributing to the effectiveness of lawmaking technologies.

Using the methods of synthesis and comparison, as well as the formal legal method, the author identifies two models of development of lawmaking in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The author draws attention to the rule-making policy in the regions and determines the role of the RF Constitutional Court decisions in improving regional legislation.

From the standpoint of the theory of organization, the author considers lawmaking as a higher stage of development of lawmaking activity and a peculiar form of legal activity. Considerable attention is paid to the study of the concepts of interaction between lawmaking systems of the Republic of Crimea and the Russian Federation.

Lawmaking in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation is an integral part of the unified law-forming process of the federal State. The Republic of Crimea, like other constituent entities of Russia, is endowed with lawmaking competence. At the same time, regional lawmaking should be a logical continuation of the federal one with due regard to regional peculiarities. And in no case it can confuse, complicate, contradict, duplicate federal rule-making.
Regulation of Online Platforms in the EU Digital Single Market: Opportunities for the EAEU
Authors: Panfilov P. O.
Published: March 2023

The paper analyzes the formation and development of the EU Digital Single Market, as well as the specifics of online platforms regulation in the EU, taking into account the judicial practice formed by the EU Court. It is concluded that EU regulatory legal acts do not always provide sufficient regulation from the point of view of harmonization of national rules in the field of the digital market. In this regard, a special role is assigned to the EU Court of Justice in interpreting EU regulatory legal acts and elimination of gaps in the law. The author concludes that the European Commission on the Digital Single Market quite often uses the message format to broadcast its decisions, which indicates that it does not have executive powers at the EU level. The same is true for the EEC, which operates at the EAEU level. The EU legal acts regulating the activities of online platforms and the digital market as a whole are more detailed, unlike those legal acts that operate in the EAEU and are essentially programmatic, denoting topical issues and common vectors of development. The Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union creates a regulatory legal framework for the implementation of the program to create a Digital Single Market of the EAEU. In this regard, the EAEU should increase the intensity of interaction within the legal framework of the common market of goods, services, capital and labor, create universal concepts and models based on the experience of the E, in particular, the concept of «know your business client». It is necessary to take into account the specifics of the EAEU region increasing the role of the EAEU Court in the formation of the general legal model of the functioning of the Digital Single Market. Given the new reality of political and economic relations, the creation and development of the EAEU Digital Single Market is an important point for ensuring digital and economic sovereignty.
Objective Limits of the Institution of Punishment in the Context of the General Theory of Law
Authors: Kuzmin I. A.
Published: March 2023

The paper is devoted to the examination of a general theoretical problem concerning understanding of the limits of the legal institution of punishment. The paper defines that from ancient times and the first sources of law to the present, punishments have been improved implementing their potential as means of intimidation, manipulation, elimination of harm, achieving justice and many other functions, striving for systematization. The study describes general patterns of the formation of the system of punishment. The author relies on the fact that the complex of legal norms, containing punishments as sanctions and elements of illicit acts as their hypothesys, constitute an independent intersectoral institution of punishment. The limits of the punishment show the degree of permissible interference of legal norms in the system of public relations, the limits of administrative (judicial) discretion, the limits of official interpretation of legal norms and systematization of legislation and improvement of law enforcement methods. Based on the analysis of doctrinal sources and jurisprudence, the author substantiates that the limits of the institution of punishment can be subjective (directly dependent on the will and actions of people, their associations, as well as on specific social relations associated with the subject of legal regulation) and objective (not related to subjective and implementing the true socio-legal purpose of punishment and related to the sphere of legal regulation). The author classifies and defines socially significant legal circumstances to be taken into account when establishing the objective limits of the institution of punishment. The conclusions are formulated.
Draft Codiﬁcation of Administrative and Tort Legislation: Problems of Terminology, Defects of Structure and other Drawbacks
Authors: Goleshchikhin V. S.
Published: March 2023

The drafts of substantive and procedural codes on administrative offenses prepared by the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation and subjected to public discussion in 2020 constitute a step forward in the development of relevant legislation. At the same time, the draft code developers were constrained in many issues by the thinking inertia and legislative practice, as a result of which they transferred a number of shortcomings of the current Administrative Code of the Russian Federation to the drafts. In addition, the drafts contain many serious drawbacks. The refusal of the codes’ drafters to adopt similar constructions from close branches of legislation — criminal and criminal procedure — result in the fundamental failure of the authors of the draft Administrative Code of the Russian Federation and the Procedural Administrative Code of the Russian Federation. As a result, the draft of the substantive Administrative Code lacks categories of administrative offenses, clear and understandable rules for imposing administrative penalties for a combination of offenses; the draft Procedural Administrative Code declares establishing of objective truth (which is not included even in the criminal process!) as its objective; there is no overdue simplified procedure for considering cases. The paper substantiates the suggestion to proceed not to recognize as judicial proceedings consideration of administrative cases by courts. The separate regulation of the procedure for consideration of cases by courts and other bodies of administrative jurisdiction provided for by the draft Procedural Administrative Code of the Russian Federation represents a fundamental mistake and, in addition, it abounds in largely arbitrary differences in the regulation of the same issues and even in the presentation of similar norms. The drafts have a large number of legal and technical shortcomings (unnecessary double numbering of articles, inclusion of an array of procedural norms in the draft of the substantive Administrative Code of the Russian Federation, etc.). There is an obvious need for the most serious revision of the draft laws, and this time revision has to be done as openly as possible and with the involvement of recognized professionals in the field of administrative responsibility and administrative procedure.
Special Legal Regime for Small and Medium-Sized Business in Searching for Promising Areas of Support for Other Segments of the Domestic Economy
Authors: Ershova I. V. , Trofimova E. V.
Published: March 2023

The paper deals with the content and presents the main characteristics of the special legal regime for the activities of small and medium-sized business, defines its goals, identifies legal problems in determining the circle of entities to which it applies, and studies the issues of acceleration of small businesses. There is a tendency to expand the scope of the positively proven provisions of the legal regime under consideration, for example, to large businesses or fast-growing technology companies. The use of a special legal regime for the activities of small and medium-sized business as an experimental regulatory platform allows us to assess the risks associated with the measures taken, as well as evaluate the effectiveness of their action. The authors draw a conclusion about the formation of extraordinary legal regimes intended for business, including small and medium-sized business. These regimes are characterized by special grounds for the introduction of measures, an urgent nature, as well as a focus on preserving the business and ensuring its performance in the current situation.
Challenges to Territorial Jurisdiction Determination in Smuggling Cases
Authors: Libenzon E. L.
Published: March 2023

The paper examines the issue of determining the limits of the courts’ jurisdiction in the course of consideration of criminal cases related to smuggling, and the presence of procedural factors influencing the determination of territorial jurisdiction established by articles 32, 35 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation. The paper considers the practice of the Trans-Baikal Territory courts, reveals the need for legislative resolution of controversial issues to determine the jurisdiction of cases of smuggling. The author makes proposals and gives judgments on the need for additional clarifications by the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation on the rules for applying Art. 32 and 35 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation. It is criminal cases related to smuggling that cause a certain difficulty in establishing territorial jurisdiction. It is due to the totality of the conditions established by these criminal procedural norms, given the various territorial places for crimes committed, establishing the completion of criminal acts by their severity. Difficulties in the correct definition of such circumstances affect the «wandering» of criminal cases of this category between the courts, along with the exercise of their rights by the participants in the process to appeal against the actions of the courts in connection with the resolution of disputed subjects to determine the proper jurisdiction. The presence of contentious issues in determining jurisdiction to one degree or another may affect the delay in the reasonable timeframes provided for in Article 6.1 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation when considering criminal cases even before the start of their trial by the court on the merits. In some cases, the impact on the expiration of the procedural deadlines for bringing the perpetrators is not ruled out to criminal liability and terms of detention of smugglers. The foregoing also applies to the issues of criminal law improvement in the field of combating smuggling.
Countering Crypto Crimes with Criminal Means
Authors: Dolgieva M. M.
Published: March 2023

A decade of discussion on the need to determine the legal status of cryptocurrencies and the lack of such regulation has eventually resulted in the formation of conflicting judicial practice and the impossibility of the full functioning of the mechanisms of criminal law protection of the rights of citizens when committing crimes against their property. It is also impossible to apply measures of criminal procedural coercion upon corruption crimes commission. The expectation of the adoption or rejection of all kinds of legislative initiatives directly affects the criminal policy of the state, while the criminal and criminal procedural legislation no longer meets modern realities. The Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation plays not the last role in observing the rights and legitimate interests of society and the state. The study formulates the tasks and powers of the prosecutor in the criminal procedure, which will allow the most complete exercise of the available powers when considering criminal cases on crimes related to the circulation of cryptocurrency, as well as a number of legislative initiatives that will optimize the norms of the law and improve the mechanisms for its application.
Forensic Classiﬁcation of Subjects Counteracting Investigation of High-Tech Crimes
Authors: Polyakov V. V.
Published: March 2023

The paper defines the concept of counteraction to the investigation of high-tech crimes employing the author’s definition of high-tech crimes. A forensic classification of the subjects of this counteraction is proposed, in which the procedural status of these subjects is used as a formal classification criterion. A hierarchical classification scheme is described, which includes groups and subgroups of counteraction subjects of varying degrees of similarity. The subjects of «internal» opposition include participants in criminal proceedings, divided into four main groups: on the part of the defense; by the prosecution; administering justice; other subjects. For the subjects of «external» opposition, the following groups are identified: law enforcement officers who are not subjects of criminal proceedings in a specific criminal case; persons associated with the accused (defendants); heads of government bodies; media workers. For each group of subjects, forensically significant features of counteraction to the investigation of high-tech crimes are analyzed, typical motives and methods of counteraction are given. It is noted that the proposed classification scheme can be used not only for high-tech crimes, but also for other types of criminal acts.
A Time-Domain Approach for Accurate Spectral Source Estimation with Application to Ridgecrest, California, Earthquakes
Authors: Al-Ismail Fatimah , Ellsworth William L. , Beroza Gregory C.
Published: March 2023

We determine the seismic moment and corner frequency of earthquakes using narrowband, time-domain measurements of the maximum shear-wave displacement amplitude. Each S wave is passed through a set of one-octave band-pass filters between 0.25 and 32 Hz to measure the peak amplitude on the horizontal components. Following the development of Richter (1935) local magnitude scale, we derive a functional form of maximum amplitude versus distance, but separately for each frequency band, and use them to estimate wave attenuation as a function of frequency and distance. Attenuation is a strong function of frequency, approximately proportional to 1/f, with path averaged Q increasing (attenuation decreasing) with propagation distance. We use these empirical attenuation curves to correct the time-domain peak amplitudes to a reference distance of 10 km to recover the source spectrum. We find that the spectral shape is consistent with the Brune model, showing a well-defined plateau at low frequency and a decay at high frequency proportional to ω−2. We use the median spectrum for stations at distances up to 120 km for each event to measure the moment and corner frequency. This time-domain method provides a reliable and efficient way to accurately measure earthquake source parameters.
Composições de Substratos e Seus Efeitos no Crescimento e Fisiologia de Mudas de Teca
Authors: Vieira Cristiane Ramos , Marinho Vieira Araújo Maicon , Dos Santos Soares Joás , Paz da Costa Patrícia , Araújo Botelho Rosangela , Natalina Zattar da Silva Rosangela
Published: March 2023

Para estabelecer plantios florestais, há que se atentar para a produção de mudas, que também deve ser de qualidade. Diante disso, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar algumas combinações entre substrato comercial, solo, e diferentes materiais orgânicos, e seus efeitos no crescimento e fisiologia de mudas de teca (Tectona grandis). O experimento foi realizado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com os tratamentos: T1 – 100% solo (solo nativo); T2 - 100% substrato comercial (SC); T3 – 50% solo + 25% resíduo bovino (RB) + 25% resíduo de aves (RA); T4 – 50% solo + 25% RB + 25% resíduo suíno (RS); T5 – 25% SC + 25% solo + 10% RA + 20% RB + 20% RS; T6 – 25% SC + 25% solo + 10% RS + 20% RA + 20% RB; T7 – 25% SC + 25 % solo + 25% RS + 25% RB; T8 – 25% SC + 25 % solo + 25% RS + 25% RA. Ao final de 90 dias, foram obtidas informações a respeito das características morfológicas e características fisiológicas das mudas, verificando-se que, a condição do tratamento 8 foi a mais favorável porque permitiu a obtenção de mudas de melhor qualidade. Esse resultado foi influenciado pela taxa líquida fotossintética, condutância estomática e concentração intrínseca de CO2 das plantas, em condições adequadas. 
Palavras-chave: Tectona grandis. Resíduos Orgânicos. Produção de Mudas. Adubação.
 
 
Abstract
In order to establish forest plantations, it is necessary to pay attention to the production of seedlings, which must also be of quality. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate combinations between commercial substrate, soil, and different organic materials, and their effects on the growth and physiology of teak (Tectona grandis) seedlings. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, with the treatments: T1 – 100% soil (S - native soil); T2 - 100% commercial substrate (SC); T3 – 50% soil + 25% bovine residue (RB) + 25% poultry residue (RA); T4 – 50% solo + 25% RB + 25% swine residue (RS); T5 – 25% SC + 25% solo + 10% RA + 20% RB + 20% RS; T6 – 25% SC + 25% solo + 10% RS + 20% RA + 20% RB; T7 – 25% SC + 25 % solo + 25% RS + 25% RB; T8 – 25% SC + 25 % solo + 25% RS + 25% RA. At the end of 90 days, information was obtained about the morphological and physiological characteristics of the seedlings, verifying that the condition of treatment 8 was the most favorable because it allowed the obtainment of quality seedlings. This result was influenced by the liquid photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and intrinsic CO2 concentration of the plants, under suitable conditions.
Keywords: Tectona grandis. Organic Residues. Seedlings Production. Fertilization.
Bioprinting of exosomes: Prospects and challenges for clinical applications
Authors: Selvam Shivaram , Ben Thomas Midhun , Bhowmick Tuhin , Chandru Arun
Published: March 2023

Three-dimensional bioprinting (3DBP) is an additive manufacturing technique that has emerged as a promising strategy for the fabrication of scaffolds, which can successfully recapitulate the architectural, biochemical, and physical cues of target tissues. More importantly, 3DBP offers fine spatiotemporal control and high submicron scale resolution, which can be leveraged for the incorporation and directional gradient release of single or multiple biomimetic cues, including cell-derived exosomes (EXOs). EXOs are extracellular vesicles that originate from the endosomal compartment of various cell types, with sizes ranging from 30 to120 nm. They act as cell mediators and contain discrete cell constituents, including growth factors, cytokines, lipid moieties, nucleic acids, metabolites, and cell surface markers, depending on the cell type. Essentially, owing to their therapeutic potential, EXOs derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been recently investigated in several clinical trials for the treatment of various conditions, including cancer, diabetes, dry eyes, periodontitis, and acute ischemic stroke. The 3DBP strategy of EXOs is especially useful in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications, as tissues can be biofabricated to closely mimic the complex microarchitecture and developmental profiles of native heterogeneous tissues for restoring biological functions. Moreover, EXOs can be manipulated to carry exogenous cargo such as genes or proteins of therapeutic interest, confer multifunctional attributes, and further enhance their tissue regenerative potential. However, significant challenges, including the selection of appropriate bioink, pattern resolution, engineering-defined exosomal gradient, spatial presentation and modulation of EXO release kinetics, as well as EXO stability and storage conditions, must be addressed for the successful translation of therapeutic grade EXOs to clinical settings. In this review, we highlight the recent advances and offer future perspectives on the bioprinting of EXOs as regenerative biotherapeutics for the fabrication of complex heterogeneous tissues that are suitable for clinical transplantation.
Study on drug screening multicellular model for colorectal cancer constructed by three-dimensional bioprinting technology
Authors: Wang Peipei , Sun Lejia , Li Changcan , Jin Bao , Yang Huayu , Wu Bin , Mao Yilei
Published: March 2023

The existing in vitro models for antitumor drug screening have significant limitations. Many compounds that inhibit two-dimensional (2D) cultured cells do not exhibit the same pharmacological effects in vivo, thereby wasting human and material resources and time during drug development. Therefore, it is crucial to develop new models. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology has greater advantages in constructing human tissues than sandwich culture and organoid construction. We used 3D bioprinting technology to construct a 3D multicellular model of SW480 cells, tumor-associated macrophages, and endothelial cells. The biological activities of the model were evaluated by immunofluorescence, hematoxylin and eosin staining of frozen pathological sections, and transcriptome sequencing. Compared with 3D bioprinted single-cell model (3D printing-S), 3D bioprinted multicellular models (3D printing-M) showed significantly improved expression of tumor-related genes, including hub genes IL1B, FCGR2A, FCGR3A, CYBB, SPI1, CCL2, ITGAM, and ITGB2. Antitumor drug screening experiment showed that the IC50 values of 5-FU, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan in 3D printing-S group/2D culture group were 31.13 µM/12.79 µM, 26.79 µM/0.80 µM, and 16.73 µM/10.45 µM, respectively. Compared with the 3D printing-S group, 3D printing-M group was significantly more resistant to chemotherapy.
A bioinspired 3D-printable flexure joint with cellular mechanical metamaterial architecture for soft robotic hands
Authors: Mohammadi Alireza , Hajizadeh Elnaz , Tan Ying , Choong Peter , Oetomo Denny
Published: March 2023

Compliant flexure joints have been widely used for cable-driven soft robotic hands and grippers due to their safe interaction with humans and objects. This paper presents a soft and compliant revolute flexure joint based on the auxetic cellular mechanical metamaterials with a heterogeneous structure. The heterogeneous architecture of the proposed metamaterial flexure joint (MFJ), which is inspired by the human finger joints, provides mechanically tunable multi-stiffness bending motion and large range of bending angle in comparison to conventional flexure joints. The multi-level variation of the joint stiffness over the range of bending motion can be tuned through the geometrical parameters of the cellular mechanical metamaterial unit cells. The proposed flexure joints are 3D printed with single flexible material in monolithic fashion using a standard benchtop 3D printer. The application of the MFJ is demonstrated in robotic in-hand manipulation and grasping thin and deformable objects such as wires and cables. The results show the capability and advantages of the proposed MFJ in soft robotic grippers and highly functional bionic hands.
usos políticos de la paz durante la Guerra Fría
Authors: Ruiz Panadero Diego
Published: March 2023

El presente texto profundiza en el significado del concepto “paz” en el contexto de la Guerra Fría y su uso como arma política. Para ello se utiliza como objeto de estudio el Consejo Mundial de la Paz y la participación en él del alto dirigente del Partido Comunista de España Enrique Líster Forján. Esta plataforma, creada a instancias de la URSS en los primeros compases de la Guerra Fría, posibilito una intensa actividad en defensa de lo que aquí se denomina como “Pax Soviética”, concepto mediante el cual la URSS se erigía como baluarte de los pueblos libres y de la paz mundial. La narrativa construida en torno a esta idea es aquí analizada con el objetivo de señalar los cambios a los que ese proyecto se vio sometido, así como vislumbrar nuevas líneas de investigación vinculadas al movimiento comunista internacional.
"Heu pro dolor! Pacem rogamus, pacis infer copiam". Guerra y paz en textos de la Spania tardoantigua y visigoda
Authors: Cabello Llano Ignacio
Published: March 2023

Si bien la historia está plagada de conflictos y enfrentamientos entre pueblos y entidades políticas, lo cierto es que la vía pacífica o no violenta de resolución de conflictos ha existido siempre, conviviendo y solapándose con la vía bélica o violenta, y, por tanto, constituye una realidad histórica que merece ser estudiada. En esta ocasión hemos analizado las fuentes de la Spania tardoantigua y visigoda (ss. V-VII) en busca de voces y testimonios que nos permitan establecer los elementos de una conceptualización de la guerra y la violencia como un mal –es decir, como algo malo y deplorable, con nefastas consecuencias, causante de innúmeros sufrimientos– y de la paz como el bien opuesto deseable y deseado. Para ello, exponemos cinco testimonios concretos: el del historiador Paulo Orosio a comienzos del siglo V; los del conde Bulgarano y el rey Sisebuto dos laicos de comienzos del siglo VII, y los de los obispos Tajón de Zaragoza y Eugenio II de Toledo alrededor del año 653.
Effect of epigallocatechin gallate in green tea on preventing lens opacity and αB-crystallin aggregation in rat model of diabetes
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang 65111, Indonesia, Caesary Andita Gustria , Sujuti Hidayat ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang 65111, Indonesia
Published: March 2023

AIM: To evaluate the effect of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) in preventing lens opacity and the aggregation of lens αB-crystallin in model rats of diabetes mellitus (DM).
METHODS: This experimental study included Wistar rats for DM as in vivo models and divided into 5 groups. The treatment groups were administered EGCG by orally for 20d and were then assessed for their degree of lens opacity with binocular microscope and lens αB-crystallin expression from Western blot analyze.
RESULTS: Pearson correlation test and regression analysis on EGCG exposure and final random blood sugar (RBS) obtained a significance level of P<0.05. EGCG exposure can significantly lower RBS with an R2 of 0.5634 (56.34%). The same analysis on EGCG exposure and the degree of lens opacity obtained a significance level of P<0.05 and increased exposure to EGCG can significantly lower the degree of lens opacity with an R2 of 0.8577 (85.77%). Correlation analysis between EGCG and the expression of lens αB-crystallin can be concluded that the higher the EGCG exposure administered, the higher the native lens αB-crystallin expression and the lower the aggregate lens αB-crystallin expression. There was also significant effect in which every 1 mg/kg body weight dose of EGCG can increase the native lens αB-crystallin expression by 0.0063 and decrease the aggregate lens αB-crystallin expression by 0.0076.
CONCLUSION: The administration of EGCG at a dose of 300, 600, and 1200 mg shows a significant effect on preventing lens opacity and aggregation of αB-crystallin in diabetic rat models and this research could be a biomolecular prevention of cataract.
A Mathematical Model for Non-Linear Structural Analysis Reinforced Beams of Composite Materials
Authors: Kassim Mohammad Takey Elias , Karash Emad Toma , Sultan Jamal Nayief
Published: March 2023

The beams are frequently utilized in construction as well as in the fabrication of vehicles like as trains, ships, and airplanes. Depending on the necessary working circumstances, several materials may have been utilized in the production of these beams, from high fatigue resistance, high corrosion resistance, strong earthquake resistance, and other aspects. As a result, composite beams made of glass or carbon fibers are increasingly commonly employed. This is a result of its strong collapse resistance, light weight, and strong fatigue stress resistance. In order to compare the models' resistance to deformations, stresses, and strains that they are exposed to during loading, this article focuses on constructing a variety of models using a variety of composite materials and shapes. The outcomes demonstrate a rise in the rate of deformation. against beams with linear shapes in those with non-linear shapes. Additionally, the findings demonstrate an increase in stresses and strains in regions with curves (i.e., areas that are nonlinear).
Performance of the optimal nonlinear pid controller for position control of antenna azimuth position system
Authors: Rasheed Luay T. , Yousif Noor Q. , Al-Wais Saba
Published: March 2023

This study presents the improvement in the performance of the Proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller for position control of antenna azimuth position system subjected to external disturbance. The design of the PID controller is developed by adding the arc tan function of error instead of the direct error in an integral part of the PID controller, yielding a Nonlinear PID controller (NPID). A Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is used in this study to tune the parameters of the PID and NPID controllers using the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) cost function. The simulations have been accomplished under the MATLAB/Simulink environment. The simulation results show that a PSO-based NPID controller provides superior steady and transient state performance compared to a PSO-based PID controller. In addition, the effectiveness of the proposed controller is verified via numerical simulation compared to the performance of other controllers with and without external disturbance.
RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA: UMA TUTORIA, NA DISCIPLINA DE ATUALIZAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL
Authors: Mendes Maria Cristina Barbosa , Lima Neuza Rejane Wille , Gomes Suzete Araújo Oliveira , Mariani Braz Ruth Maria
Published: March 2023

No mercado de trabalho em constantes mudanças necessitamos de profissionais atualizados e a formação continuada é importante para que possa ter êxito. Assim, este artigo trata-se de relato de experiência, a partir do ponto de vista dos tutores, alunos do curso de doutoramento, em acompanhamento aos professores ministrantes da disciplina de atualização profissional, em um curso de mestrado profissional. Utilizamos a proposta metodológica ao curso denominada Desenho Educacional Complexo, onde podemos  preparar, executar e refletir e são engrenagens que trabalham de forma integrada. Este relato contextualiza a disciplina no programa da pós-graduação, indica como foi organizada a prática da tutoria ao longo de um semestre e avalia os resultados do trabalho desempenhado, a partir das respostas dos concluintes da disciplina. Tivemos como resultado que o trabalho desenvolvido na tutoria trouxe a valorização da autonomia da pessoa com deficiência, a partir da adoção do modelo social de conviver todos com todos, aplicado na prática pedagógica, com isso, percebemos que os discentes passaram ter uma mudança na direção da apreciação de confeccionar materiais de forma acessível. Concluímos que o processo da tutoria gera um aperfeiçoamento positivo quanto à experiência docente no Ensino Superior e foi possível rever conceitos  para a pesquisa acadêmica, conhecer pessoas novas e transmitir informações sobre novas tecnologias
MENINGKATKAN KREATIVITAS ANAK USIA DINI MELALUI STRATEGI MENGGAMBAR DARI ANGKA DI TK TUNAS BANGSA
Authors: Lestari Ninik , Zulkarnain Zulkarnain , Prisuna Bayu Fitra
Published: March 2023

Artikel ini dilatarbelakangi dengan adanya permasalahan pada perkembangan anak usia dini khususnya pada aspek kreativitas. Tujuan dalam artikel yang telah dilakukan ini adalah dalam upaya meningkatkan kreativitas anak usia dini dengan menggunakan strategi menggambar dari angka di TK Tunas Bangsa. Adapun subjek dalam artikel ini adalah anak kelompok B di TK Tunas Bangsa Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu. Objek pada artikel ini adalah kreativitas anak usia dini dengan menggunakan strategi menggambar dari angka. Desain dalam artikel ini menggunakan desain dari John Elliot dengan dua siklus pada pelaksanaannya. Teknik pengumpulan datanya adalah observasi untuk menggali informasi pada aspek eksploratif, kreatif, inovatif, imajinatif. Tekhnik analisis data yang dilakukan dengan teknik deskriptif kuantitatif. Meningkatkan kreativitas anak usia dini melalui strategi menggambar dari angka dalam artikel ini yaitu dengan cara menggambar dikertas HVS yang diawali dengan penulisan angka, kemudian dikreasikan menjadi sebuah obyek gambar. Adapun peningkatan dari 4 aspek kreativitas anak kelompok B di TK Tunas Bangsa Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu dapat dilihat datanya antara lain: Sebelum tindakan skor mencapai 54,86%, pada siklus I memperoleh skor 68,40%, dan siklus II memperoleh skor 80,21%..
OPTIMALISASI PERKEMBANGAN MOTORIK HALUS ANAK USIA DINI MELALUI TEKNIK MOZAIK
Authors: Halilah Dinah , Suzanti Lizza
Published: March 2023

This study examines the fine motor development of children using the mosaic technique. The purpose of this study was to find out how to optimize children's fine motor development with the mosaic technique. This research method uses a qualitative descriptive approach with two research subjects. Data collection techniques in this study using observation and documentation. Analysis of the data used in this study using data collection, data reduction, data display and affirmation of conclusions. This study shows how children attach origami paper that already has a pattern with a small shape and glue HVS paper which has an apple-shaped pattern in training eye and hand coordination simultaneously. Based on the results of the data in this study, two subjects had optimal fine motor skills using the mosaic technique.
PENGEMBANGAN KOMPETENSI PROFESIONALISME GURU DALAM PENINGKATAN MUTU PENDIDIKAN DAN PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Ulfadilah Isma , Darmiyanti Astuti , Munafiah Nida’ul
Published: March 2023

Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka atau perpustakaan berbasis referensi yang relevan dengan topik permasalahan yang ada dan tentu saja berbeda-beda. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah guna mengetahui pengembangan kompetensi serta profesionalisme guru sebagai pendidik dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan dan pembelajaran berkelanjutan. Setiap pekerjaan membutuhkan profesionalisme, termasuk profesi guru, yang pekerjaan sehari-harinya melibatkan penanganan masa depan anak bangsa dengan karakteristik berbeda-beda. Peran yang dimainkan pendidik dalam proses pembelajaran sangat penting. Guru berperan dalam meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan dan pembelajaran dengan bertindak sebagai demonstran, pengelola kelas, mediator dan fasilitator, evaluator, dan lain-lain. Guru profesional penting karena mereka akan mampu meningkatkan proses pembelajaran untuk menghasilkan kualitas yang sesuai dengan profesionalismenya. Temuan penelitian ini ialah sebagai berikut: 1) indikator keberhasilan profesional seorang pendidik sebagai guru. Hal ini terbukti dari kualitas pengalaman dan hasil belajar siswa; 2) guru harus kompeten, 3) upaya yang dilakukan untuk meningkatkan profesionalisme guru; 4) dan, ketika datang untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan dan pembelajaran, ada elemen-elemen yang membantu siswa mempraktikkan pembelajaran yang baik.
Enhancement of Developmental Competence of Immature Cattle Oocytes with Leukemia inhibitory Factor as a Culture Media Supplement
Authors: Pramanik Amrita , Bera Sacchidananda , Menda Rajender , Mondal M. , Karunakaran M. , Santra A. , Das S.K.
Published: March 2023

Background: Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) plays an essential role in oocyte maturation and during early embryonic development. The present study aims to improve the in vitro cattle embryo production by supplementing culture media with LIF. Methods: Fresh ovaries and oviducts were collected from an abattoir in 0.9% saline (30-35°C) supplemented with antibiotics. Total 542 cumulus-oocyte complexes were aspirated from ovaries and cultured in maturation media in 5% CO2 incubator at 38.5°C with maximum humidity after 5-6 times washing. After 24 h matured oocytes were co-incubated with in vitro capacitated sperms in FBO medium. After 15-18 h cumulus cells were stripped off and presumptive zygotes were cultured in mCR2aa medium. After 40 to 42 h, cleavage was observed and embryos were cultured for 7-9 days. Culture media used to replace with fresh media after every 24 h. LIF was supplemented with 15, 30, 45 ng/ml. Result: Supplementation of LIF in culture media increased maturation rate, cleavage rate significantly (P less than 0.05). LIF Supplementation @ 30 ng/ml during culture increased blastocyst development (in control group 7.0±1.3 and 7.1±1.2, 12.9±0.4, 10.2±1.5 in 15 ng/ml, 30 ng/ml and 45 ng/ml respectively) significantly.
Tendencias de gentrificación y turistificación en el centro histórico de Madrid. El caso de Lavapiés
Authors: Mazorra Rodríguez Álvaro
Published: March 2023

El artículo estudia cómo los procesos de gentrificación y turistificación asociados a la globalización de la economía, en el caso de la ciudad de Madrid (España) han incrementado las desigualdades sociales. Se ha utilizado una metodología mixta, basada en el análisis de datos, el desarrollo de entrevistas en profundidad y la revisión historiográfica. La investigación centra su atención en la transformación de Lavapiés, barrio céntrico de la ciudad de Madrid. Se centra, por un lado, en identificar y describir cuáles han sido los efectos fundamentales de estas tendencias sobre la estructura social y urbana de la ciudad de Madrid; por otro lado, en exponer y analizar cuáles son las principales experiencias y discursos generados por los actores vinculados al barrio, a raíz de su transformación. Estas dinámicas han consolidado el avance hacia un modelo de ciudad dual, caracterizado por la polarización de su estructura social y urbana, formado por un noroeste rico ―que incluye en su interior el centro de la ciudad― y un sureste pobre y vulnerable.
De las tierras de común (repartimiento) a las tierras de cofradía. La desamortización liberal en los nahuas del sur de Jalisco (1824-1856)
Authors: Monroy Merchán María del Pilar
Published: March 2023

Este artículo reconstruye el proceso de desamortización de los bienes comunales de los indígenas nahuas del sur de Jalisco entre 1824 y 1856. El objetivo es develar cómo los nahuas dispusieron de la propiedad al contar con títulos individuales de tierra. A partir de la revisión del corpus documental de tierras del sur de Jalisco se identifica cómo la desamortización se desarrolló de manera escalonada en cada uno de los espacios comunales que tenían los nahuas, desde los bienes del fundo legal y las tierras de repartimiento hasta las tierras de cofradías durante el primer liberalismo. Dicho proceso se desarrolló de manera paralela a la consolidación de los ayuntamientos, principales promotores de la propiedad privada. La titulación de las tierras en nombre de sujetos particulares permitió que ésta se convirtiera en un bien transferible, consolidándose de esta forma el esquema hacendatario en la región de estudio.
Ramírez Bacca, Renzo. Introducción a la historia de América Latina del siglo XX. Pereira: Editorial Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, (Colección Maestría en Historia-Colección Ensayos), 2020, 237 p.
Authors: García Aldo
Published: March 2023

Reseña
Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus: An Overview of Clinical Manifestations
Authors: Sofia Trivino Laura
Published: March 2023

Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) is one of the four main types of lupus, a well-known chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease. Subtypes are currently grouped based on histology, duration, clinical findings, and laboratory tests. Lupus erythematosus is a connective tissue disease with a complex involvement of immunologic, genetic, and environmental factors. Although the etiology is poorly understood, insights elucidate the importance of disrupting hemostasis from the immunoregulatory disarray, immunologic tolerance, complement system, and development of autoantibodies
Identidades y cuerpos en espacios escolares: el caso de estudiantes trans femeninas
Authors: Cazares López Jorge Octavio , Ibarra Uribe Luz Marina , Rodríguez Abad Angélica
Published: March 2023

This article addresses the processes of socialization, transitions and resilience strategies of two college trans women in the state of Morelos. Results of a qualitative research are presented, which, from the life history method, narrates the traditional sociocultural construction of binary gender identities. In particular, it is in school spaces where bodies that do not conform to the norm, such as trans identity, are watched over, repressed and reified. Trans women show their journeys in a context of violence, discrimination and exclusion in the face of non-acceptance of body and identity differences. Resilience strategies made possible the challenge, questioning and transgression of binary and hegemonic identities, in order to move towards the recognition, adaptability and empowerment of female trans students.
Key Words. dissident masculinities; transsexuality; socialization; school space; transitions.