bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of the influx of Syrian refugees on domestic violence against Jordanian women: Evidence from the 2017–18 Jordan Population and Family Health Survey
Authors: Choi Han , Bauhoff Sebastian
Published: November 2023

The 2011 Syrian crisis led to a large influx of refugees into neighboring countries, including Jordan. The resulting stress on local host communities could heighten the risk of domestic violence against Jordanian women. We utilized multilevel propensity score weighting and data from the 2017–18 Jordan Population and Family Health Survey to empirically test for differences in outcomes related to domestic violence, marital control, and justification of wife-beating between Jordanian communities with varying density levels of Syrian women. We did not find systematic differences in these outcomes across communities. However, we cannot rule out effects that may not be statistically detectable with our sample but could still be substantively meaningful.
Interpersonal coordination analysis in bat-and-ball sports under a real game situation: Asymmetric interaction and delayed coupling
Authors: Takamido Ryota , Yokoyama Keiko , Nakamoto Hiroki , Ota Jun , Yamamoto Yuji
Published: November 2023

This study investigated the interpersonal coordination between the pitcher and the batter in bat-and-ball sports. Although the importance of interpersonal coordination is widely accepted in many sports, no studies have investigated it in bat-and-ball sports because the dominant task constraints surrounding the interaction between pitcher and batter make it difficult to apply conventional analytic techniques. To address the issue, this study proposes a new analytical framework to investigate interpersonal coordination in bat-and-ball sports under a real game situation with two main characteristics: asymmetric interaction and delayed coupling. First, the dynamic time warping technique was used to evaluate the stability of the head movement pattern of the pitcher and batter, and cross-correlation analysis was used to quantify the temporal relationship between them. We found that the head movement pattern of batters was significantly more unstable than that of pitchers, and approximately 60% of the variance of the change in the head movement pattern of batters could be explained by that of the pitchers. Moreover, expert batters followed a pitcher’s movements with a specific time delay of approximately 250 ms. These findings highlight the characteristics of interpersonal coordination in bat-and-ball sports: the pitcher can make a pre-patterned stable motion, whereas the batter needs to follow and adjust their movement to it. Although the effects of prediction ability need to be investigated to understand its detailed mechanism, the contribution of this study is that it revealed the existence of the interpersonal coordination between the pitcher and batter of bat-and-ball sports under a real game situation.
Education for all in action: Measuring teachers’ competences for inclusive education
Authors: Vantieghem Wendelien , Roose Iris , Goosen Karin , Schelfhout Wouter , Van Avermaet Piet
Published: November 2023

While inclusive education has achieved international importance, there is no valid instrument to measure teachers’ competences in creating quality classrooms for diverse learners, which this study aims to remedy. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses with 975 pre-service teachers and 600 in-service teachers were used. Central to teachers’ inclusive teaching competency is both beliefs and efficacy. Results show that teachers hold professional beliefs on student diversity, organized in four factors mapping unto axes of diversity (specifically ethnicity, disability, SES, and gender & sexuality). Teachers also hold beliefs on the responsibility of the educational field to create inclusion, organized in three factors: general school policy, initiatives geared specifically towards ethnic minority students, and initiatives for students with a disability. Furthermore, the results show five factors related to self-efficacy: noticing student diversity, enabling high-quality student-interactions, creating stimulating learning environments, collaborating with colleagues and diverse parents. The factorial structure and scale-scores are discussed for what they unveil of teachers’ thinking about diversity in the classroom.
Assessing the vibration perception threshold in a community sample of adult Ghanaians
Authors: Djankpa Francis Tanam , Amoah Albert G. B. , Adzaku Festus Komla , Aidoo Eric , Boateng Isaac
Published: November 2023

Background

The vibration perception threshold (VPT) helps evaluate human somatosensory function and diagnose peripheral neuropathy. To optimize its use as a primary neurologic tool, it is imperative to establish its typical values in healthy subjects and assess the factors affecting its variability in an individual to ensure consistency in its application.

Methods

Demographic data and a brief medical history were collected from 391 non-diabetic adults aged 30–80 at Kpone-on-Sea in Ghana. The VPT was measured at the tip of the big toe, the medial malleolus, the tip of the middle finger, and the head of the ulna of each participant using a Horwell Neurothesiometer. The variability of VPT was assessed vis-à-vis the following factors: gender, age, fasting plasma sugar and body mass index.

Results

The mean age of participants was 48.4 ± 0.7 years, and the female-to-male ratio was 1.46. The overall VPT values ranged from 5.74 ± 0.14 volts to 8.55 ± 0.18 volts in the lower limbs and 3.61 ± 0.06 volts to 5.00 ± 0.08 volts in the upper limbs. Age was found to be the only factor that could predict VPT for both the lower and upper limbs (P < 0.001). One-Way Analysis of Variance with Tukey’s posthoc showed that the VPT in the feet was significantly higher than that in the hands.

Conclusions

Generally, the VPT was high on proximal sites and low on distal sites indicating that the vibration sensation increased from proximal to distal direction. Therefore, distal areas should be used for VPT testing with a Neurothesiomer. Age was found to be the only factor that affected VPT variability. Hence, the practical application of VPT will require age-specific reference ranges to cater for older adults.
Long-term effects of buried vertebrate carcasses on soil biogeochemistry in the Northern Great Plains
Authors: Keenan Sarah W. , Beeler Scott R.
Published: November 2023

Decomposing vertebrates impact ecosystems by stimulating animal, insect, and microbial scavengers, perturbing biogeochemical cycles, and transferring elements back to the environment. Most studies exploring the impacts of vertebrate decomposition focus on surface decay scenarios over timescales of days to years. Accordingly, our knowledge of ecosystem impacts of vertebrate decomposition in burial contexts and over longer time scales is limited. In 2000, six animal carcasses were buried in a shallow grave (<1.0 m) and allowed to decompose naturally until partial excavation in 2021, enabling evaluation of long-term soil biogeochemical responses to decomposing vertebrates. Soils were sampled along three vertical transects from the surface to the bone-bearing layer (~40 cm depth) and below. Comparison of the physical and chemical properties of the grave and control soils from equivalent depths indicate significant perturbations even 21 years after burial. Notably, soil pH was significantly more acidic in grave soils (p = 0.0296), and conductivity was significantly elevated (p = 0.0009). Grave soils were significantly enriched with respect to nitrogen stable isotopes, exhibiting δ15N values of 10.48 ± 3.6‰, which is ~5‰ greater than controls. Carbon and nitrogen content was also disrupted in the burial, with five times more nitrogen in the bone-bearing layer and almost double the carbon. Water and acid-based extractions of soils revealed significant differences between grave and control soils, driven largely by calcium, phosphorus (P), magnesium, and iron concentrations. P concentrations in acid extracts were significantly enriched at the bone-bearing layer, suggesting release of P from the bones. This study demonstrates that decomposition may result in long-lived impacts to burial environments and soil biogeochemistry, even after soft tissues decay. While not typically considered in ecosystem models, buried remains contribute to soils for decades or longer, and soil biogeochemistry serves a critical role in facilitating or preventing the long-term preservation of bone.
A multi-taxon analysis of European Red Lists reveals major threats to biodiversity
Authors: Hochkirch Axel , Bilz Melanie , Ferreira Catarina C. , Danielczak Anja , Allen David , Nieto Ana , Rondinini Carlo , Harding Kate , Hilton-Taylor Craig , Pollock Caroline M. , Seddon Mary , Vié Jean-Christophe , Alexander Keith N.A. , Beech Emily , Biscoito Manuel , Braud Yoan , Burfield Ian J. , Buzzetti Filippo Maria , Cálix Marta , Carpenter Kent E. , Chao Ning Labbish , Chobanov Dragan , Christenhusz Maarten J. M. , Collette Bruce B. , Comeros-Raynal Mia T. , Cox Neil , Craig Matthew , Cuttelod Annabelle , Darwall William R. T. , Dodelin Benoit , Dulvy Nicholas K. , Englefield Eve , Fay Michael F. , Fettes Nicholas , Freyhof Jörg , García Silvia , Criado Mariana García , Harvey Michael , Hodgetts Nick , Ieronymidou Christina , Kalkman Vincent J. , Kell Shelagh P. , Kemp James , Khela Sonia , Lansdown Richard V. , Lawson Julia M. , Leaman Danna J. , Brehm Joana Magos , Maxted Nigel , Miller Rebecca M. , Neubert Eike , Odé Baudewijn , Pollard David , Pollom Riley , Pople Rob , Presa Asensio Juan José , Ralph Gina M. , Rankou Hassan , Rivers Malin , Roberts Stuart P. M. , Russell Barry , Sennikov Alexander , Soldati Fabien , Staneva Anna , Stump Emilie , Symes Andy , Telnov Dmitry , Temple Helen , Terry Andrew , Timoshyna Anastasiya , Swaay Chris van , Väre Henry , Walls Rachel H. L. , Willemse Luc , Wilson Brett , Window Jemma , Wright Emma G. E. , Zuna-Kratky Thomas
Published: November 2023

Biodiversity loss is a major global challenge and minimizing extinction rates is the goal of several multilateral environmental agreements. Policy decisions require comprehensive, spatially explicit information on species’ distributions and threats. We present an analysis of the conservation status of 14,669 European terrestrial, freshwater and marine species (ca. 10% of the continental fauna and flora), including all vertebrates and selected groups of invertebrates and plants. Our results reveal that 19% of European species are threatened with extinction, with higher extinction risks for plants (27%) and invertebrates (24%) compared to vertebrates (18%). These numbers exceed recent IPBES (Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services) assumptions of extinction risk. Changes in agricultural practices and associated habitat loss, overharvesting, pollution and development are major threats to biodiversity. Maintaining and restoring sustainable land and water use practices is crucial to minimize future biodiversity declines.
Impact of industrial robot applications on global value chain participation of China manufacturing industry: Mediation effect based on product upgrading
Authors: Zhang Shuangzhi
Published: November 2023

Promoting the application of industrial robot (IR) is an important module for China to build core competitiveness, and it is also the main grasp of global value chain participation (GVCP). Using China manufacturing industry panel data from 2006–2014, working from the perspective of product upgrading, this paper empirically analyzes the impact of IR applications on GVCP. The empirical results show that IR applications weaken China’ incentives to participate in global value chains (GVCs); this weakening effect is reflected in both forward and backward participation in GVCs. On the one hand, the mediation effect test results indicate that the product upgrading effect brought about by IR applications can help China achieves the import substitution of intermediate inputs and uses local intermediate inputs to produce exports. These steps would reduce the backward participation in GVCs. On the other hand, the localization of manufacturing can result in China losing the opportunity to export intermediate inputs to other economies, thus reducing the forward participation of GVCs. Of course, due to sample limitations, the research conclusions of this article are only applicable to interpreting the Chinese economy.
The role of pyroptosis-related genes in the diagnosis and subclassification of sepsis
Authors: Ding Wencong , Huang Laping , Wu Yifeng , Su Junwei , He Liu , Tang Zhongxiang , Zhang Min
Published: November 2023

Pyroptosis is a new form of programmed cell death recognized as crucial in developing sepsis. However, there is limited research on the mechanism of pyroptosis-related genes in sepsis-related from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and standardized. The expression levels of pyroptosis-related genes were extracted, and differential expression analysis was conducted. A prediction model was constructed using random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), weighted gene co-expression new analysis (WGCNA), and nomogram techniques to assess the risk of sepsis. The relationship between pyroptosis-related subgroups and the immune microenvironment and inflammatory factors was studied using consistent clustering algorithms, principal component analysis (PCA), single-sample genomic enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), and immune infiltration. A risk prediction model based on 3 PRGs has been constructed and can effectively predict the risk of sepsis. Patients with sepsis can be divided into two completely different subtypes of pyroptosis-related clusters. Cluster B is highly correlated with the lower proportion of Th17 celld and has lower levels of expression of inflammatory factors. This study utilizes mechanical learning methods to further investigate the pathogenesis of sepsis, explore potential biomarkers, provide effective molecular targets for its diagnosis and treatment of sepsis.
Differential gene expression between viruliferous and non-viruliferous Schizaphis graminum (Rondani)
Authors: Crane Yan M. , Crane Charles F. , Schemerhorn Brandon J.
Published: November 2023

An experiment was performed to measure the effect of Cereal Yellow-Dwarf Virus (CYDV), strain CYDV-RPV, on gene expression in its insect vector, greenbug aphid (Schizaphis graminum (Rondani)). RNA was sampled in three replicates from four treatments (biotypes B and H with or without carried CYDV), at 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 15 and 20 days from the introduction of carrier and virus-free greenbugs to uninfected wheat cv. ‘Newton’. Illumina paired-end sequencing produced 1,840,820,000,000 raw reads that yielded 1,089,950,000 clean reads, which were aligned to two greenbug, Trinity transcriptome assemblies with bowtie2. Read counts to contigs were analyzed with principal components and with DESeq2 after removing contaminating contigs of wheat or microbial origin. Likelihood ratio tests with one transcriptome showed that CYDV influenced gene expression about seven-fold less than time or biotype, which were approximately equal. With the other transcriptome, virus, time, and biotype were about equally important. Pairwise comparisons of virus to no virus for each timepoint yielded estimates of fold-change that comprised expression profiles for each contig when ordered by timepoint. Hierarchical clustering separated expression profiles into 20 groups of contigs that were significantly differentially expressed for at least one timepoint. Contigs were also sorted by timepoint of maximally differential expression between virus and no virus. All contigs that were significantly differentially expressed at FDR = 0.05 were annotated by blast searches against NCBI nr and nt databases. Interesting examples of up-regulation with virus included a lysosomal-trafficking regulator, peptidylprolylisomerase, RNA helicase, and two secreted effector proteins. However, carried virus did not consistently change aphid gene expression overall. Instead there was complex interaction of time, biotype, host response, and virus.
Prioritization of surgical patients during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond: A qualitative exploration of patients’ perspectives
Authors: van Alphen Anouk M. I. A. , Sülz Sandra , Lingsma Hester F. , Baatenburg de Jong Robert J.
Published: November 2023

Introduction

During the COVID-19 pandemic, prioritizing certain surgical patients became inevitable due to limited surgical capacity. This study aims to identify which factors patients value in priority setting, and to evaluate their perspective on a decision model for surgical prioritization.

Methods

We enacted a qualitative exploratory study and conducted semi-structured interviews with N = 15 patients. Vignettes were used as guidance. The interviews were transcribed and iteratively analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results

We unraveled three themes: 1) general attitude towards surgical prioritization: patients showed understanding for the difficult decisions to be made, but demanded greater transparency and objectivity; 2) patient-related factors that some participants considered should, or should not, influence the prioritization: age, physical functioning, cognitive functioning, behavior, waiting time, impact on survival and quality of life, emotional consequences, and resource usage; and 3) patients’ perspective on a decision model: usage of such a model for prioritization decisions is favorable if the model is simple, uses trustworthy data, and its output is supervised by physicians. The model could also be used as a communication tool to explain prioritization dilemmas to patients.

Conclusion

Support for the various factors and use of a decision model varied among patients. Therefore, it seems unrealistic to immediately incorporate these factors in decision models. Instead, this study calls for more research to identify feasible avenues and seek consensus.
Evolution and spatial reconstruction of rural settlements based on composite features of agglomeration effect and ecological effects in the Hexi Corridor, Northwest China
Authors: Nie Xiaoying , Wang Chao , Huang Wanzhuang
Published: November 2023

Rural reconstruction plays a pivotal role in the revitalization of rural areas and the development of regions. Understanding the pattern and direction of rural settlement reconstruction is crucial for effectively coordinating urban and rural development, as well as promoting regional rural revitalization. The present study proposes a novel approach to elucidate the evolution and spatial reconstruction of rural settlements by integrating features of agglomeration effect and ecological effect. By employing GIS spatial analysis technology and ecosystem service value modeling, the research analyzes the combined spatial agglomeration and ecological value characteristics of rural settlements in an arid oasis area, specifically focusing on the Hexi Corridor. Based on the analysis, the study identifies specific rural settlement reconstruction zoning and directions for optimization, considering rural settlement accessibility. The study reveals three key findings: (1) There are significant differences in the scale density and spatial distribution of rural settlements across the Hexi Corridor. (2) The overall ecological environment quality is good, and there is significant spatial differentiation in the ecosystem service value, influenced by topographic factors. (3) The optimal layout mode for rural settlements in the Hexi Corridor is the combination type of ‘higher-ecological higher-density’. Based on the combined agglomeration effect and ecological effect features, the research determines the reconstruction scope of alienated rural settlements. Additionally, four predominant reconstruction modes are identified: urban agglomeration type, central village construction type, internal coordination type, and ecological protection type. The study proposes viable reconstruction paths for rural settlements based on these modes.
Corneal epithelial remodeling induced by combined small incision lenticule extraction and accelerated corneal collagen crosslinking for myopia
Authors: Kim Kook Young , Bae Sinwoo , Lee Seongjun , Lee Yongwoo
Published: November 2023

Purpose

To evaluate the changes of the corneal epithelial thickness (ET) profile induced by combined small incision lenticule extraction and accelerated corneal collagen crosslinking (SMILE-xtra) for myopia compared with the standard small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).

Setting

Nuri Eye Hospital, 61, Dunsan-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, 35233, Korea.

Design

Retrospective cross-sectional study.

Methods

Thirty-one myopic eye undergoing SMILE-xtra and control group of 36 myopic eyes undergoing SMILE were retrospectively analyzed. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (CIRRUS™ HD-OCT 5000, ZEISS, Dublin, CA) was used to measure corneal ET of 17 zones within the central 7-mm zone at preoperative, postoperative 1 month, 3 months and 6 months. Postoperative ET alterations were analyzed for correlation with treatment parameters.

Results

There was no difference in preoperative mean age, postoperative MRSE, visual acuity, and ablation depth between the two groups, and there was a significant difference in preoperative central corneal thickness. Both groups showed the greatest increase in corneal ET in the paracentral area on the inferotemporal area, respectively, for 6 months. The preoperative MRSE and the ablation depth showed significant correlation with the postoperative epithelial thickening in mid-peripheral sectors in both groups, and significant negative correlations in paracentral sectors only in SMILE-xtra group.

Conclusions

It is significant as the first study to compare corneal epithelial remodeling between SMILE and SMILE with accelerated corneal collagen crosslinking. The SMILE-xtra with the relatively large corneal ablation did not show a significant difference in the pattern of corneal epithelial remodeling compared to the SMILE group.
Foreword
Authors: Lorson Peter C. , Haustein Ellen , Jorge Susana
Published: November 2023

This second edition of the book on European Public Sector Accounting was written around 4 years after the first edition, against the backdrop of a span of developments in European politics, the Covid-19 pandemic, and the ongoing war in Ukraine. The crises also led to the fact that the 2019-2024 European Commission did not take any decision regarding a potential implementation of European Public Sector Accounting Standards (EPSAS), but it was further postponed to the next election period.
The accounting harmonization challenge in the European Union and the EPSAS
Authors: Cohen Sandra , Brusca Isabel , Manes-Rossi Francesca
Published: November 2023

The European Commission decided in 2013 that a new set of accrual-based standards named European Public Sector Accounting Standards (EPSAS), which would have International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS) as a reference, should be developed for the EU Member States (MS). This signalled the beginning of the public sector harmonization journey in the European Union that is still in progress despite the long time that has already elapsed. In this chapter, we present the process that the development of EPSAS has followed so far, and we discuss the structures created to deal with EPSAS development, the content of the EPSAS conceptual framework and the EPSAS governance issues. Moreover, we analyze the issue papers and the screening reports developed during the process. Finally, the EPSAS implementation challenges are addressed, concentrating on the cost of implementation and the ambiguous relation between IPSAS and EPSAS.
Specificities of Public Sector Accounting: Insights for governmental accounting from history and theory
Authors: Biondi Yuri
Published: November 2023

Accounting has as long a history as writing. The purposes of accountability and control appear to be constitutive of institutional economic organisation of governments across epochs. Models and examples of public sector accounting (here governmental accounting) can be found in ancient civilisations and the Middle Age. Modern public sector accounting systems have co-evolved with the constitution and evolution of modern states. In this context, public sector accounting design relates to the specificities of modern public administration, featured by management of taxation and public finances, as well as accountability toward sovereigns and parliaments.
This chapter aims to denote these specificities through their historical emergence and main features. The modern government consummates resources acquired through taxation and borrowing, so as to redistribute them at the macroeconomic level. In turn, citizens contribute with resources to be redistributed by paying taxation and subscribing governmental debt issuance and refinancing (including for monetary base management). Moreover, the government takes non-debt commitments to assure social protection on behalf of its constituencies. This specific financial-economic working by the government differs from that by the business entity, requiring a specific accounting representation. From this perspective, recent reforms driven by new public management (NPM) and new public governance (NPG) – aiming to align public sector and business sector accounting systems - constitute yet another unfolded evolution whose implications shall be assessed over time and in context.
IPSAS: History, spread and use
Authors: Pontoppidan Caroline A.
Published: November 2023

International Public Sector Standards (IPSAS) have been in existence for more than two decades now. Developed by the International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board (IPSASB), the IPSAS are designed for application by national, regional and local governments, as well as related national and transnational public sector organisations. Convergence of accounting practices and systems across borders advances a largely homogenous basis for financial reporting in the public sector. Thus, IPSAS serve as a mechanism that supports convergence and harmonization of public sector accounting and financial reporting across borders. Recent data show that close to 70 jurisdictions have partially adopted IPSAS, but adoption approaches differ between jurisdictions. This chapter provides some examples of countries that adopt accrual based IPSAS through this path. The adoption of IPSAS has been progressing globally; this chapter provides a high-level overview of such progress. Despite progress, challenges have persisted over time, in particular with regard to advancement in the competences of accountants in the public sector and the implementation of a sound institutional structure to support IPSAS-based reporting.
Mucosa-Associated Microbiota Dysbiosis in the Terminal Ileum Correlates With Bowel Symptoms in Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Wu Bi-Yu , Xu Ping , Cheng Li , Wang Qian-Qian , Qiu Hong-Yi , Yan Xiu-Juan , Chen Sheng-Liang
Published: November 2023

INTRODUCTION:

The mucosa-associated microbiota (MAM) is not as frequently studied in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) compared with the fecal microbiota. In this study, we examined the MAM in the terminal ileum and its correlation with bowel symptoms in IBS-D.

METHODS:

Mucosal biopsies of the terminal ileum from 25 patients with IBS-D and 25 healthy controls were collected for 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Correlation analysis was performed.

RESULTS:

Compared with healthy controls, the MAM in the terminal ileum showed a decreased alpha diversity in the IBS-D cohort (Chao1 and Shannon indexes, P < 0.05). And the overall MAM profile clustered separately into 2 groups (ADONIS [PERMANOVA, permutational multivariate analysis of variance], P < 0.05). At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria was significantly higher in the ileal MAM of patients with IBS-D while that of Firmicutes was significantly lower. At the genus level, the relative abundance of Pseudomonas was significantly higher in the IBS-D cohort, with lower Bacteroides and Ruminococcus. Moreover, 40.0% of patients with IBS-D had multiple small nodules (nodular lymphoid hyperplasia) on the mucosal surface of the terminal ileum, which indicated a low-grade inflammation. In patients with IBS-D with nodular lymphoid hyperplasia, the changes of Pseudomonas and Bacteroides were more overt. Correlation analysis revealed that the relative abundance of Pseudomonas positively correlated with abdominal pain and the severity of IBS.

DISCUSSION:

Patients with IBS-D showed a dysbiosis of MAM in the terminal ileum, which may be associated with bowel symptoms. Moreover, 40.0% of them displayed mucosal low-grade inflammation, with a more severe mucosal microbial disturbance.
President's Paragraphs
Authors: Williams Craig
Published: November 2023

In each issue of The Hoosier Science Teacher, we invite the president to share some thoughts as an introduction. In this issue, HASTI’s current President Craig Williams shares his thoughts about challenges and opportunities in 2023-24 for science teachers in Indiana.
Taxonomic Poetry: Those Marvelous Metazoans
Authors: Smith Susan E.
Published: November 2023

Reprint from THST, Vol. 29, No. 4, Summer 2003
Literature Review: Hubungan Gaya Hidup dan Pola Makan Terhadap Kejadian Hipertensi Pada Lansia di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas
Authors: Pasaribu Clara Thalia Pionnita , Sirait Diva Radana , Siregar Ivana Yalim , Sihombing Martha Fiorella , Aini Fadilah , Rusmalawaty Rusmalawaty
Published: November 2023

Latar Belakang: Hipertensi adalah penyakit yang mudah ditemukan di lingkungan kita yang memiliki resiko tinggi karena dapat menimbulkan komplikasi bagi penderita. Hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan tekanan darah meliputi faktor keturunan (warisan) dan gaya hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan gaya hidup dan pola makan dengan kejadian hipertensi pada lansia.Metodologi: Artikel ini menggunakan metode seleksi berdasarkan kriteria dan kata kunci dengan hubungan gaya hidup yaitu pola makan dengan hipertensi pada lansia dan digunakan sebanyak 15 artikel yang akan dianalisis. Hasil : Berdasarkan 15 buah artikel yang dianalisis, seluruhnya menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara gaya hidup dan pola makan dengan kejadian hipertensi pada lansia.Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara gaya hidup yaitu pola makan dengan kejadian hipertensi pada lansia.Kata kunci: hipertensi; gaya hidup; pola makan; lansia Title: Literature Review: Correlation between Lifestyle and Diet to the Incidence of Hypertension in the Elderly in the Health Center Work AreaBackground: Hypertension is a disease that is easy to find in our environment which has a high risk because it can cause complications for sufferers. Matters related to blood pressure include heredity (inheritance) and lifestyle. This study aims to determine the relationship between lifestyle and diet and the incidence of hypertension in the elderly.Method: This article uses a selection method based on criteria and keywords with the relationship between lifestyle, namely diet and hypertension in the elderly and used as many as 15 articles to be analyzed.Results: Based on the 15 articles analyzed, all showed a significant relationship between lifestyle and diet with the incidence of hypertension in the elderly.Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between lifestyle, namely diet and the incidence of hypertension in the elderly.Keywords: hypertension; lifestyle; diet; elderly
Gambaran Cemaran Bakteri Escherichia coli pada Jajanan di SDN 70 Banda Aceh
Authors: Safira Nonie , Rahmayanti Yuni , Auliani Fia Dewi
Published: November 2023

Latar belakang: Anak usia sekolah umumnya setiap hari menghabiskan sepertiga waktunya di sekolah, sehingga menyebabkan mereka menghabiskan waktu makan siangnya di sekolah. Adapun jenis jajanan yang dijajakan beraneka ragam dari mulai jajanan sehat maupun jajanan tidak sehat. Makanan sehat yang mempunyai gizi yang cukup, sedangkan makanan tidak sehat sudah terkontaminasi mikroba. Salah satu mikroba yang berbahaya bagi manusia pada makanan adalah bakteri Escherichia coli. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat cemaran bakteri Escherichia coli pada jajanan di SDN 70 Banda Aceh.Metode: Metode jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif. Penelitian ini menggunkana metode kuantitifikasi bakteri dengan Teknik MPN (Most Probable Number) dan TPC (Total Plate Count). Sampel dipilih dengan metode purposive sampling.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 3 sampel minuman yang diuji dengan metode MPN (Most Probable Number) melebihi batas maksimum. Sedangkan 6 sampel makanan yang diuji dengan meode TPC (Total Plate Count) dinyatakan masih dalam ambang batas.Simpulan: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua sampel minuman terkontaminasi bakteri Escherichia coli dan unutk makanan tidak terkontaminasi bakteri Escherichia coli.Kata kunci: jajanan sekolah, kontaminasi, Escherichia coli Title: Description of Contamination of Escherichia Coli Bacteria in Food at SDN 70 Banda AcehBackground: School-age children generally spend a third of their time at school every day, causing them to spend their lunch time at school. The types of snacks that are sold vary from healthy snacks to unhealthy snacks. Healthy food that has sufficient nutrition, while unhealthy food is contaminated with microbes. One of the microbes that are harmful to humans in food is Escherichia coli bacteria. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was contamination of Escherichia coli bacteria in snacks at SDN 70 Banda Aceh.Method: This type of research method is descriptive. This study used a bacterial quantification method using MPN (Most Probable Number) and TPC (Total Plate Count) techniques. The sample was selected by purposive sampling method.Result: The results showed that 3 samples of drinks tested using the MPN (Most Probable Number) method exceeded the maximum limit. while 6 food samples tested with the TPC (Total Plate Count) method were declared to be still within the threshold. Conclusion: Showed that all drink samples were contaminated with Escherichia coli bacteria and food was not contaminated with Escherichia coli bacteria.Keywords: school snacks, contamination, Escherichia coli
Communication in collaborating construction equipment
Authors: Huber Adrian Josef , Fischer Anne , Schöberl Maximilian , Schock-Schmidtke Alexander , Fottner Johannes
Published: November 2023

Facilitating communication via standardized interfaces is key to increase construction site collaboration and productivity. This paper firstly outlines different Machine-to-Machine (M2M) messaging protocols and their suitability for communication on construction sites. Secondly, a unified construction site communication and interface solution that allows for the seamless transfer of data in M2M, Machine-to-Server (M2S), and Server-to-Server (S2S) scenarios, encompassing all layers of an Internet-of-Things (IoT) infrastructure, is proposed. The findings show that predominantly Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT) is suited for M2M communication at construction sites. Underscoring the value of frequent communication and collaboration at construction sites, different exemplary use cases are presented. Additionally, interoperability at all levels of exchange as well as a unified user frontend are emphasized as key requirements to increase application rates of automated communication and collaboration within the construction industry.
Effect of laser power on microstructure and tribological behavior of laser clad NiCr coating
Authors: Chengwen Sun , Wei Li , Dejun Kong
Published: November 2023

NiCr coatings were prepared on H13 steel by laser cladding with different laser power. The microstructure and phases of the obtained coatings were analyzed using a super depth of field microscope and X-ray diffraction, respectively, and the effect of laser power on the friction–wear performance at high-temperature was investigated using a friction tester. The results show that the laser clad NiCr coatings fabricated at the different laser powers are composed of Cr2Ni3 and FeNi3 phases, and the porosity is decreased from 1.28 % to 0.48 % with the increase of laser power. The average coefficients of friction of NiCr coatings are decreased with the increase of laser power, and the wear rate of NiCr coating fabricated at the laser power of 1400 W power is the lowest among the three kinds of coatings, showing that the suitable laser power can improve the surface quality and wear resistance of NiCr coating.
Categorizing possession in Zuanga-Yuanga and other Kanak languages (New Caledonia): a typological perspective
Authors: Bril Isabelle
Published: November 2023

Like many other Oceanic and Kanak languages of New Caledonia, Zuanga-Yuanga [ZY] has classifiers restricted to the possession of nouns denoting food, drink, animals and plants; it also has dichotomous direct and indirect adnominal possessive constructions, which are generally labeled inalienable or alienable in the Oceanic literature. These terms refer to a distinction between close versus distant structural marking, which do not strictly correlate with lexical-semantic categories. For instance, kinship nouns are split over the two types of constructions, distinguishing reference from address kinship terms, not in terms of semantic distinctions between close versus distant kinship types. The split for body-part nouns is between directly possessed dedicated terms and indirectly possessed metaphorical body terms, not in terms of permanent versus removable parts, or temporary body properties. In ZY possessive constructions correlate with fairly strict possessee noun classes belonging to one single structural class (directly or indirectly marked). Only a limited number of nouns denoting parts-of-whole have alternate constructions expressing different semantic relations to the possessed noun.
Long-term prognostic value of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin-I in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Wang Yongchao , Wang Xiaolin , Yang Yulin , Xu Hao , Li Jian
Published: November 2023

Our objective was to evaluate the long-term prognostic value of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin-I (hs-cTn-I) in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). First, patients were divided into an end-event group (n = 55) and a non-end-event group (n = 67). Then, patients were included in the subgroup analysis to compare the diagnostic value of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and hs-cTn-I in different populations. hs-cTn-I and BNP concentrations were higher in the end-event group. The Cox regression analysis indicated that high hs-cTn-I was a risk factor for poor long-term prognosis. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) for hs-cTn-I to predict end events was 0.751, and the AUC for BNP was 0.742. The correlation analysis suggested that hs-cTn-I was related to the percentage change in left ventricular internal diameter at end-diastolic and left ventricular ejection fraction. Subgroup analysis showed that compared with BNP, hs-cTn-I was more suitable for predicting end events in patients with preserved renal function (AUC: 0.853 vs 0.712, P = 0.04). In conclusion, hs-cTn-I is a potential biomarker for evaluating long-term prognosis in idiopathic DCM, and its predictive value is higher than that of BNP in patients with preserved renal function.
Mathematical modelling for spatial optimization of irradiation during proton radiotherapy with nanosensitizers
Authors: Kuznetsov Maxim , Kolobov Andrey
Published: November 2023

A spatially distributed mathematical model is presented that simulates the growth of a non-invasive tumour undergoing treatment by fractionated proton therapy with the use of non-radioactive tumour-specific nanosensitizers. Nanosensitizers are injected intravenously before each irradiation to increase the locally deposited dose via a chain of reactions with therapeutic protons. Modelling simulations show that the use of nanosensitizers allows increasing treatment efficacy. However, their effect is restricted by the necessity of decreasing the energy deposited in tumour in order to comply to the normal damage restrictions. Normalization of tumour microvasculature that accompanies the treatment, also compromises nanosensitizers effect as it impairs their inflow in tumour. It is shown that spatial optimization of irradiation, with conservation of total dose deposited in tumour, can increase tumour cell damage for each single irradiation. However, eventually it may not lead to the overall increase of treatment efficacy, in terms of minimization of the number of remaining viable tumour cells, due to the influence of tumour cell repopulation between irradiations. It is suggested that an efficient way towards minimization of tumour cell repopulation may be the faster suppression of angiogenesis by eradication of metabolically deprived tumour cells. This method can be efficient even despite the fact that it would also cause the decrease of supply of nanosensitizers into the tumour.
El ejercicio del poder público del juez constitucional diversificado
Authors: Muñoz Mendiola Julio César
Published: November 2023

Este trabajo sostiene como tesis central que el ejercicio del poder público a cargo del juez constitucional se ha diversificado en el Estado constitucional, por ende, no solo representa el argumento contramayoritario, sino que está compuesto por tres tareas adjudicativas primarias y cuatro funciones específicas. Esta diversificación colocará al juez constitucional con un rol fundamental para propiciar una igualdad institucional entre poderes y órganos estatales.
La mediación notarial en el estado de Guanajuato
Authors: Márquez Torres Sahara Gabriela
Published: November 2023

En el desarrollo del artículo, se expone la importancia de la figura del notario y en general de su institución jurídica, se hace valer su condición de controlador de legalidad y perito del derecho, de ello se destaca su intervención como mediador y guía en las buenas prácticas para la prevención y solución de conflictos jurídicos y judiciales. La institución notarial, de la mano de los medios alternativos de solución de conflictos dan la oportunidad de comentar las generalidades de cada uno de los temas tratados, y de proponer la natural designación del notario como mediador privado.
Patient guidance during discharge after a tracheostomy: an integrative review
Authors: Pitzer Monique Brito , Flores Paula Vanessa Peclat , Silva Marcella dos Santos Lopes da , Dias Ágatha Cappella , Santos Lorena Cupello Lobo dos
Published: November 2023

Objective: to map the orientations provided by nurses for the self-care of patients during the postoperative period of tracheostomy and their transition from hospital to home. Methods: this is an integrative review. We used the PCC acronym, where the Population was adult patients with tracheostomy; the Concept, self-care (education/orientation by the nurse); and the Context, operation periods and home care. The study was based on the question: What guidelines for self-care should the nurse given to patients in the postoperative period of a tracheostomy and in the process of discharge? We carried out a wide search, whose results were reviewed by two researchers and organized around the phenomenon of interest. Results: 1,940 articles were found and 28 were selected. 16 phenomena of interest were organized into three categories: tracheostomy management, airway care, and activities of daily living. Conclusion: Self-care guidance is related to direct care of the stoma, how to act in home emergencies, and psychosocial aspects. Contributions to practice: identifying, summarizing, and organizing evidence about nursing clinical practice creates quality materials that can be implemented fast into clinical practice, especially in regard to preparing patients with tracheostomy for their discharge.
Hornos de la Peña (Northern Iberia): New excavations, chronological and subsistence data of the Middle-to-Upper Palaeolithic transition
Authors: Sanz-Royo Alicia , Marín-Arroyo Ana B. , Rivero Olivia , Rios-Garaizar Joseba
Published: November 2023

The study of the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition is one of the topics of more interest in the field of human evolution, where the differences in the subsistence strategies carried out by Neanderthals and Anatomically Modern Humans have generated numerous debates during recent years. Hornos de la Peña cave (Cantabria, Northern Iberia), excavated during 1909-1910, contains archaeological levels attributed to this transition, which have provided se-veral publications about the human groups that occupied the cave. However, the stratigraphic sequence proposed by Obermaier at the beginning of the 20th century has been questioned due, among others, to the lack of reliable dating. From 2016 to the present, new excavation works are being carried out to review the integrity of the stratigraphic sequence and its chronology and to analyze the new faunal remains. In this article, we present the first radiocarbon dates performed on the levels attributed to the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition, as well as the archaeozoo-logical and taphonomic results of the macrofauna recovered. Our results have revealed the complexity of the stratigraphic sequence, confirming that the previous stratigraphy proposed by Obermaier must be reconsidered. For that reason, although the activity of human groups inside the cave has been proved due to the presence of different anthropogenic modifications (mainly in horses, red deer and large bovids), it is not possible to construct hypotheses about their subsistence strategies. In summary, this new study has made it possible to reassess the stratigraphic sequence and provide new data on the chronology and the activities carried out by the human groups that occupied the cavity. In addition, this work highlights the importance of reviewing and dating levels from ancient excavations without reliable dating.
Musculoskeletal ultrasound: a technical and historical perspective
Authors:   Department of Radiology, New York University, Grossman School of Medicine, Langone Orthopedic Center, New York, USA, Adler Ronald Steven
Published: November 2023

During the past four decades, musculoskeletal ultrasound has become popular as an imaging modality due to its low cost, accessibility, and lack of ionizing radiation. The development of ultrasound technology was possible in large part due to concomitant advances in both solid-state electronics and signal processing. The invention of the transistor and digital computer in the late 1940s was integral in its development. Moore’s prediction that the number of microprocessors on a chip would grow exponentially, resulting in progressive miniaturization in chip design and therefore increased computational power, added to these capabilities. The development of musculoskeletal ultrasound has paralleled technical advances in diagnostic ultrasound. The appearance of a large variety of transducer capabilities and rapid image processing along with the abil- ity to assess vascularity and tissue properties has expanded and continues to expand the role of musculo- skeletal ultrasound. It should also be noted that these developments have in large part been due to a number of individuals who had the insight to see the potential applications of this developing technology to a host of relevant clinical musculoskeletal problems. Exquisite high-resolution images of both deep and small super- ficial musculoskeletal anatomy, assessment of vascularity on a capillary level and tissue mechanical proper- ties can be obtained. Ultrasound has also been recognized as the method of choice to perform a large variety of interventional procedures. A brief review of these technical developments, the timeline over which these improvements occurred, and the impact on musculoskeletal ultrasound is presented below.