bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Further observations on the behavioral and neural effects of bone marrow stromal cells in rodent pain models
Authors: Guo Wei , Chu Yu-Xia , Imai Satoshi , Yang Jia-Le , Zou Shiping , Mohammad Zaid , Wei Feng , Dubner Ronald , Ren Ke
Published: June 2016

Background

Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) have shown potential to treat chronic pain, although much still needs to be learned about their efficacy and mechanisms of action under different pain conditions. Here, we provide further convergent evidence on the effects of BMSCs in rodent pain models.

Results

In an orofacial pain model involving injury of a tendon of the masseter muscle, BMSCs attenuated behavioral pain conditions assessed by von Frey filaments and a conditioned place avoidance test in female Sprague-Dawley rats. The antihyperalgesia of BMSCs in females lasted for <8 weeks, which is shorter than that seen in males. To relate preclinical findings to human clinical conditions, we used human BMSCs. Human BMSCs (1.5 M cells, i.v.) attenuated mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia induced by spinal nerve ligation and suppressed spinal nerve ligation-induced aversive behavior, and the effect persisted through the 8-week observation period. In a trigeminal slice preparation, BMSC-treated and nerve-injured C57B/L mice showed reduced amplitude and frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents, as well as excitatory synaptic currents evoked by electrical stimulation of the trigeminal nerve root, suggesting inhibition of trigeminal neuronal hyperexcitability and primary afferent input by BMSCs. Finally, we observed that GluN2A (N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 2A) tyrosine phosphorylation and protein kinase Cgamma (PKCγ) immunoreactivity in rostral ventromedial medulla was suppressed at 8 weeks after BMSC in tendon-injured rats.

Conclusions

Collectively, the present work adds convergent evidence supporting the use of BMSCs in pain control. As PKCγ activity related to N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation is critical in opioid tolerance, these results help to understand the mechanisms of BMSC-produced long-term antihyperalgesia, which requires opioid receptors in rostral ventromedial medulla and apparently lacks the development of tolerance.
Coaches’ perceptions of long-term potential are biased by maturational variation
Authors: Cripps Ashley J , Hopper Luke S , Joyce Christopher
Published: June 2016

Talent identification and development programs seek to recognise and promote athletes with long-term potential in a particular sport. Coaches involved in these programs are often required to make inclusion or exclusion decisions based on their perceptions of an athlete’s long-term potential. However, biological maturity can influence physical capabilities of adolescent athletes and may bias coaches’ perceptions of long-term potential. This study explored the relationship between coaches’ perceptions of long-term potential and variations in athlete’s biological maturity. Talented adolescent male Australian footballers (n = 264) from nine different teams were recruited to provide basic anthropometric information for estimates of biological maturity. Coaches from each team were recruited to provide a rating of their own player’s long-term potential. Coaches perceived late maturing athletes to have a significantly lower long-term potential than their average (χ2 = 9.42, p < 0.01) and early (χ2 = 5.86, p = 0.04) maturing counterparts. Of the late maturing athletes, 72% were predicted to go no further than adolescent competition. No concurrent bias was evident between the average or early maturing athletes. The findings of this study demonstrate coaches' perceptions of long-term potential can be biased by maturational variation in adolescent athletes. Such perceptual bias may impact on coaches selection decisions and result in talented but late maturing athletes missing selection into development pathways.
On ideal dynamic climbing ropes
Authors: Harutyunyan Davit , Milton Graeme Walter , Dick Trevor J , Boyer Justin
Published: June 2016

We consider the rope climber fall problem in two different settings. The simplest formulation of the problem is when the climber falls from a given altitude and is attached to one end of the rope while the other end of the rope is attached to the rock at a given height. The problem is then finding the properties of the rope for which the peak force felt by the climber during the fall is minimal. The second problem of our consideration is again minimizing the same quantity in the presence of a carabiner. We will call such ropes mathematically ideal. Given the height of the carabiner, the initial height and the mass of the climber, the length of the unstretched rope and the distance between the belayer and the carabiner, we find the optimal (in the sense of minimized the peak force to a given elongation) dynamic rope in the framework of nonlinear elasticity. Wires of shape memory materials have some of the desired features of the tension–strain relation of a mathematically ideal dynamic rope, namely, a plateau in the tension over a range of strains. With a suitable hysteresis loop, they also absorb essentially all the energy from the fall, thus making them an ideal rope in this sense too.
Fluid mechanics calculations in physics of droplets I: Theoretical hydrodynamic formalism for the formation and condensation of spherical drops
Authors: Acevedo-Malavé Alejandro
Published: June 2016

It is proposed here a hydrodynamic formalism in order to obtain an approximate numerical solution to the Navier–Stokes equations. This formalism consists in the interpolation of the properties of the system of particles. The Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics formalism (SPH) is employed when the system exhibits big deformation and large velocities because it is mesh-free in nature. In this study, it is simulated for the first time the condensation and formation of a spherical van der Waals drop by means of particles in three-dimensional space with the SPH formalism. When the drop is formed, starting from a gas box, the distribution of density implies that there are zones where the mass of gas is converted to a liquid state, but out of the droplet radius, some particles remain in the gas form.
1,000 Futures
Authors: Gordon Theodore J.
Published: June 2016

In planning, prospective policies are often subjected to “what if” resiliency tests. The question is asked: would intended decisions work as well if unanticipated events were to occur? This testing approach has two principal problems: there are psychological impediments to an unbiased choice of the test events and the inventory of events from which to choose test events is essentially unbounded. This article describes a database of about one thousand future headlines that help overcome both issues. The headlines in this database describe future events; they are randomly accessed to avoid bias in the selection of events for testing resiliency and the large number of forecasts, while not an “unbounded universe” covers a broad spectrum of possibilities. In addition, many other uses are possible, including improving foresight, finding new market and product opportunities, analyzing competitive differentials, and testing possible strategies for novelty.
Demographic and socio-economic influences on community-based care and caregivers of people with dementia in China
Authors: Chen Ruoling , Lang Linda , Clifford Angela , Chen Yang , Hu Zhi , Han Thang S
Published: June 2016

Background

Dementia is a major public health challenge and China has the largest population with dementia in the world. However, dementia care and caregivers for Chinese are less investigated.

Objectives and design

To evaluate demographic and socio-economic influences on dementia care, management patterns and caregiver burden in a household community-dwelling-based survey, using participants’ care receipts and Zarit scale.

Setting and participants

Rural and urban communities across six provinces of China comprising 4837 residents aged ≥60 years, in whom 398 had dementia and 1312 non-dementia diseases.

Results

People with dementia were less likely to receive care if they were living in rural compared to urban areas (Odd ratio (OR) = 0.20; 95%CI: 0.10–0.41), having education level below compared to above secondary school (OR = 0.24; 95%CI: 0.08–0.70), manual labourer compared to non-manual workers (OR = 0.27; 95%CI: 0.13–0.55), having personal annual income below RMB 10,000 yuan (£1000) compared to above (OR = 0.37; 95%CI: 0.13–0.74) or having four or more than compared to less four children (OR = 0.52; 95%CI: 0.27–1.00). Caregivers for dementia compared with those for non-dementia diseases were younger and more likely to be patients’ children or children in-law, had lower education and spent more caring time. Caregiver burden increased with low education, cutback on work and caring for patients who were younger or living in rural areas, and this caregiver burden was three-fold greater than that for non-dementia diseases.

Conclusions

There are a number of inequalities in dementia care and caregiver burden in China. Reducing the socio-economic gap and increasing education may improve community care for people with dementia and preserve caregivers’ well-being.
An Evidence-Based Review on Wound Healing Herbal Remedies From Reports of Traditional Persian Medicine
Authors: Hosseinkhani Ayda , Falahatzadeh Maryam , Raoofi Elahe , Zarshenas Mohammad M.
Published: June 2016

Research on wound healing agents is a developing area in biomedical sciences. Traditional Persian medicine is one of holistic systems of medicine providing valuable information on natural remedies. To collect the evidences for wound-healing medicaments from traditional Persian medicine sources, 5 main pharmaceutical manuscripts in addition to related contemporary reports from Scopus, PubMed, and ScienceDirect were studied. The underlying mechanisms were also saved and discussed. Totally, 65 herbs used in traditional Persian medicine for their wound healing properties was identified. Related anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and wound-healing activities of those remedies were studied. Forty remedies had at least one of those properties and 10 of the filtered plants possessed all effects. The medicinal plants used in wound healing treatment in traditional Persian medicine could be a good topic for further in vivo and clinical research. This might lead to development of effective products for wound treatment.
Identification of Parents’ Perceptions of Antibiotic Use for Individualized Community Education
Authors: Havens Lauren , Schwartz Misty
Published: June 2016

The purpose of this project was to evaluate parents’ perceptions of antibiotics to better understand the barriers related to judicious antibiotic use and for selection of educational resources. A descriptive survey design was distributed electronically to a convenience sample of parents in Omaha, Nebraska, using the Parental Perception on Antibiotics scale. A total of 170 completed surveys were evaluated. Nearly all parents (97%) disagreed with the statement “antibiotics are needed for the common cold,” and 90% were in agreement that antibiotics treat bacterial infections. Respondents did not expect an antibiotic after being seen for the common cold. All reported they “never” changed doctors when antibiotics were not prescribed. The parents completing this survey were knowledgeable about antibiotic use. Results demonstrate implications for both education efforts and patient-provider interactions. This project supports the need for community-specific identification of parents’ perceptions for individualized education and promotion of proper antibiotic use.
A storm surge forecasting system for the Singapore Strait
Authors: Luu Quang-Hung , Tkalich Pavel , Choo Heng Kek , Wang Jiqin , Thompson Bijoy
Published: June 2016

Being a small low-lying island nation, Singapore has a high density population, recreational and industrial facilities along the coast. It is thus highly vulnerable to weather extremes including storm surges. Strong sea level surges due to the northeast monsoon when coinciding with spring tides may lead to coastal floods in the southwest regions of the South China Sea including Singapore Strait, with the heights of about 0.3-0.5 m observed from tidal records and satellite altimetry. We developed an operational system codenamed “Stormy” to provide storm surge forecasts for the Sunda Shelf with focus on the Singapore Strait for a lead time of 6–7 days. Stormy has been working operationally since February 2013, successfully capturing storm surge events on 19–30 December 2013 and 14–23 February 2014. Stormy’s web-based portal has an intuitive visual user interface which conveniently offers forecast products, including evolutional plan-view and time-series of storm surge heights compared with historical anomalies.
Synthesis and Structure of an Iron-Bromoalumanyl Complex with a Tri-Coordinated Aluminum Center
Authors: Agou Tomohiro , Yanagisawa Tatsuya , Sasamori Takahiro , Tokitoh Norihiro
Published: June 2016

An iron-bromoalumanyl complex with a tri-coordinated aluminum was synthesized. Its CO-stretching frequencies are shifted to lower-frequency region compared to those of the related boryl and gallyl complexes. Theoretical investigations suggested the importance of the Br–Al mesomeric effect on the stability of the alumanyl complex.
Multivariate Skew Distributions Based on the GT-Copula
Authors: Mendes Beatriz Vaz de Melo , Arslan Olcay
Published: June 2016

In this paper we obtain the expression for the copula pertaining to the multivariate generalized t distribution, the generalized t-copula, or in short, GT-copula. The GT-copula generalizes some well known copulas, such as the one associated with the multivariate t distribution (t-copula). We derive the expression for its tail dependence coeﬃcient and show that the GT-copula may adjust for stronger tail dependence when compared to the t-copula. The potentiality of the GT-copula allows for modeling varying degrees and diﬀerent types (linear and nonlinear) of dependence, as well as multimodality. By applying Sklar’s theorem to the GT-copula, and by mixing symmetric and asymmetric margins, we construct a new family of multivariate distributions. The resulting distributions are suitable for modeling a wide variety of skew datasets. The ﬂexibility of the copula approach suggests applications in many ﬁelds, such as environment and ﬁnance. We provide an illustration, where we quantify stock market linkages.
Dynamic Hedging with Stochastic Diﬀerential Utility
Authors: Bueno Rodrigo De Losso da Silveira
Published: June 2016

In this paper we study the dynamic hedging problem using three diﬀerent utility speciﬁcations: stochastic diﬀerential utility, terminal wealth utility, and a new utility transformation which includes features from the two previous approaches. In all three cases, we assume Markovian prices. While stochastic diﬀerential utility (SDU) has an ambiguous eﬀect on the pure hedging demand, it does decrease the pure speculative demand, because risk aversion increases. We also show that in this case the consumption decision is, in some sense, independent of the hedging decision. In the case of terminal wealth utility (TWU), we derive a general and compact hedging formula which nests as special cases all of the models studied in Duﬃe and Jackson (1990). In the case of the new utility transformation, we ﬁnd a compact formula for hedging which encompasses the terminal wealth utility framework as a special case; we then show that this speciﬁcation does not aﬀect the pure hedging demand. In addition, with CRRA- and CARA-type utilities the risk aversion increases, and consequently, the pure speculative demand decreases. If futures prices are martingales, then the transformation plays no role in determining the hedging allocation. Our results hold for a number of diﬀerent price distributions. We also use semigroup techniques to derive the relevant Bellman equation for each case.
Phase Transition in a Non-Cooperative Population Game
Authors: Do Carmo Heron Carlos Esvael , De Freitas Gustavo Gomes
Published: June 2016

We analyze the random ﬁeld model applied to a non-cooperative social game of binary choices, as proposed by Durlauf (1997) and Brock and Durlauf (2001), but we allow for a more generic distribution of the agents’ heterogeneity. We aim to show that their results still hold, i.e., there can be multiple equilibria when agents have some interest in adjusting their strategic behavior to that prevailing as the aggregate choice and we discuss some features such as positive feedbacks, the social multiplier, and the possibility of increasing returns on the outcomes of economic policy due to social interactions.
O ρόλος της μνήμης πηγής και της εργαζόμενης μνήμης στην ακρίβεια της αυτοπτικής μαρτυρίας των ηλικιωμένων
Authors: Χατζημηνά Ελένη , Μωραΐτου Δέσποινα , Παπαντωνίου Γεωργία , Μασούρα Ελβίρα
Published: June 2016

Στόχος της έρευνας ήταν να εξετάσει τη σχέση της εργαζόμενης μνήμης και της μνήμης πηγής με την ακρίβεια της κατάθεσης ηλικιωμένων αυτoπτών μαρτύρων. Περαιτέρω ελέγχθηκε εάν η ηλικία και άλλοι ατομικοί - δημογραφικοί παράγοντες επιδρούν στην αξιοπιστία των μαρτυρικών καταθέσεων. Στη μελέτη συμμετείχαν πενήντα άτομα, μοιρασμένα σε 2 ομάδες ηλικίας (25 ηλικιωμένοι και 25 νεότεροι ενήλικες). Οι συμμετέχοντες εξετάστηκαν σε ένα έργο μνήμης πηγής, σε ένα έργο εργαζόμενης μνήμης και σε ένα έργο προσομοίωσης αυτοπτικής μαρτυρίας. Η ακρίβεια των καταθέσεων βρέθηκε να συνδέεται άμεσα και θετικά μόνο με την εργαζόμενη μνήμη και, μέσω αυτής, με την ομάδα ηλικίας, τη σωματική άσκηση και το μορφωτικό επίπεδο. Οι ηλικιωμένοι ανέφεραν υψηλότερο αίσθημα βεβαιότητας για την ακρίβεια της αυτοπτικής τους μαρτυρίας, σε σύγκριση με τους ενήλικες.
Βιώνουν οι Έλληνες εκπαιδευτικοί την επαγγελματική εξουθένωση; ο ρόλος των δημογραφικών χαρακτηριστικών και των καθημερινών στρεσογόνων ερεθισμάτων
Authors: Κάμτσιος Σπυρίδων , Λώλης Θωμάς
Published: June 2016

Η μελέτη διερεύνησε τα επίπεδα της επαγγελματικής εξουθένωσης εκπαιδευτικών πρωτοβάθμιας και δευτεροβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης, καθώς και τη σχέση της με δημογραφικά χαρακτηριστικά και καθημερινούς στρεσογόνους παράγοντες στο χώρο της εκπαίδευσης, σε χρονική περίοδο οικονομικής κρίσης και εντατικοποίησης των διαδικασιών για την αξιολόγηση των εκπαιδευτικών. Το δείγμα της μελέτης αποτέλεσαν 1447 εκπαιδευτικοί πρωτοβάθμιας και δευτεροβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης όλων των ειδικοτήτων. Οι συμμετέχοντες συμπλήρωσαν το ερωτηματολόγιο της επαγγελματικής εξουθένωσης για εκπαιδευτικούς, το ερωτηματολόγιο πηγών επαγγελματικής έντασης εκπαιδευτικών και ερωτηματολόγιο δημογραφικών στοιχείων. Τα αποτελέσματα της μελέτης κατέδειξαν ότι οι εκπαιδευτικοί, σε περίοδο οικονομικής κρίσης και αξιολόγησης του εκπαιδευτικού έργου, βιώνουν την επαγγελματική εξουθένωση, καθώς καταγράφηκαν υψηλές τιμές στη συναισθηματική εξάντληση, μέτριες και υψηλές τιμές στην αποπροσωποποίηση και χαμηλές στην προσωπική επίτευξη. Διαπιστώθηκαν διαφορές στην επαγγελματική εξουθένωση σε σχέση με δημογραφικά χαρακτηριστικά, όπως η βαθμίδα εκπαίδευσης, τα χρόνια προϋπηρεσίας και η ηλικία των εκπαιδευτικών, το φύλο και η οικογενειακή κατάσταση. Η έρευνα ανέδειξε επίσης καθημερινά στρεσογόνα ερεθίσματα που προβλέπουν την επαγγελματική εξουθένωση των εκπαιδευτικών και τις επιμέρους διαστάσεις της. Τα αποτελέσματα της μελέτης συζητιούνται στο πλαίσιο της σύγχρονης βιβλιογραφίας.
Field Measurements of Moisture Content in Black Spruce Logs with Unilateral Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Lamason Clevan , MacMillan Bryce , Balcom Bruce , Leblon Brigitte , Pirouz Zarin
Published: June 2016

The development of portable unilateral magnetic resonance (UMR) devices permits nondestructive characterization of wood moisture content (MC) in the field. In this study, six Picea mariana Mill. logs were measured. UMR measurements of MC were taken in four different spots displaced 15 cm from the end of each log. UMR measurements were also taken at the midpoint longitudinally for three of the six logs.

The end goal of this study was to demonstrate a viable approach to estimating the whole-sample MC in the field. In the case of the species studied, there is a significant difference in MC between sapwood and heartwood regions. The sapwood MC is approximately three times greater than the heartwood MC. However, the volume of heartwood is greater than sapwood in wood logs. The sapwood region contains most of the water; therefore a measurement in the sapwood, coupled with sapwood-to-heartwood volume proportions and an estimate of heartwood MC, provide a viable estimate of bulk MC of logs.

Results indicate that both measurement spots (15 cm displaced from the end and at the midpoint longitudinally) give good predictions of log MC. The UMR measurement signal-to-noise ratio decreases and variability in the total sapwood signal of the four spots, displaced 15 cm from the end, increases as drying progresses. The increase in variability is because of the appearance of a drying front at some measurement spots. The UMR device and technique provide a good tool to measure MC of logs in the field.
Checklist of Lithophytic Mosses of Kaghan Valley, Mansehra-Pakistan
Authors: Islam Mazhar Ul , Alam Jan , Fiaz Muhammad
Published: June 2016

The present work is a preliminary compilation mostly based on the available literature and extensive recent field trips. Overall 46 lithophytic moss species have been reported in Kaghan valley, Mansehra-Pakistan. These species are distributed under 16 families and 28 genera. This study is very much significant regarding the diversity of mosses in the study area that proof the considerable, potential of the ambient environment for the luxurious growth of bryophytes.
An updated checklist of Pteridophytes of district Mansehra, Khyber Pukhtunkhwa-Pakistan
Authors: Gul Alia , Alam Jan , Ahmad Habib , Irfan Muhammad
Published: June 2016

Critical examination of the pteridophytes of District Mansehra based on our own field surveys and previous literature as well revealed the occurrence of total 130 taxa distributed in 34 genera and 17 families. Of these, 23taxa are new records for the study area, while Polystichum obliquum (D. Don) T. Moore  is reported for the first time for Pakistan. Nomenclatural reassessment of previously reported taxa suggests that 23 taxa are now synonyms. Habitat-wise, 68 taxa are terrestrial, while 54 are epilithic, 5exist as epiphytes and the remaining 3 are aquatic.
Characteristics of TlBr single crystals grown using the vertical Bridgman-Stockbarger method for semiconductor-based radiation detector applications
Authors: Jin Kim Dong , Oh Joon-Ho , Soo Kim Han , Soo Kim Young , Jeong Manhee , Goo Kang Chang , Jin Jo Woo , Choi Hyojeong , Guk Kim Jong , Hee Lee Seung , Ho Ha Jang
Published: June 2016

TlBr single crystals grown using the vertical Bridgman-Stockbarger method were characterized for semiconductor based radiation detector applications. It has been shown that the vertical Bridgman-Stockbarger method is effective to grow high-quality single crystalline ingots of TlBr. The TlBr single crystalline sample, which was located 6 cm from the tip of the ingot, exhibited lower impurity concentration, higher crystalline quality, high enough bandgap (>2.7 eV), and higher resistivity (2.5 × 1011Ω·cm) which enables using the fabricated samples from the middle part of the TlBr ingot for fabricating high performance semiconductor radiation detectors.
Influence of ion irradiation on temperature dependent electrical transport behavior of thin graphite flakes
Authors: Khamaj Jabril A.
Published: June 2016

In this article, the influence of ion irradiation on temperature dependent electrical transport characteristics of thin graphite flakes was investigated. Thin graphite flakes were exfoliated by mechanical exfoliation method. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study surface morphology of the graphite flakes. The resistance versus temperature studies revealed that the graphite flake not subjected to Ga+ion-irradiation showed a perfect metallic behavior, while the graphite flake after ion-irradiation showed a semiconducting behavior. The current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of bare and ion-irradiated graphite flakes were investigated. The bare graphite flake showed an ohmic-type I-V characteristics representing metallic behavior, while the ion-irradiated graphite flake showed a non-linear type diode-like characteristics. The temperature-dependent conductance measurements of ion-irradiated graphite flake were also performed and discussed in detail. The effect of Ga+ions on the electronic transport behavior of thin graphite flakes has been discussed based on the investigation results.
Effect of calcination temperature on the structural, optical and magnetic properties of pure and Fe-doped ZnO nanoparticles
Authors: Pal Singh Raminder Preet , Hudiara I.S. , Bhushan Rana Shashi
Published: June 2016

In the present study, pure ZnO and Fe-doped ZnO (Zn0.97Fe0.03O) nanoparticles were synthesized by simple coprecipitation method with zinc acetate, ferric nitrate and sodium hydroxide precursors. Pure ZnO and Fe-doped ZnO were further calcined at 450 °C, 600 °C and 750 °C for 2 h. The structural, morphological and optical properties of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. The X-ray diffraction studies revealed that the as-synthesized pure and doped ZnO nanoparticles have hexagonal wurtzite structure. The average crystallite size was calculated using Debye-Scherrer’s formula. The particle size was found to be in nano range and increased with an increase in calcination temperature. SEM micrographs confirmed the formation of spherical nanoparticles. Elemental compositions of various elements in pure and doped ZnO nanoparticles were determined by EDX spectroscopy. UV-Vis absorption spectra showed red shift (decrease in band gap) with increasing calcination temperature. Effect of calcination on the magnetic properties of Fe-doped ZnO sample was also studied using vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). M-H curves at room temperature revealed that coercivity and remanent polarization increase with an increase in calcination temperature from 450 °C to 750 °C, whereas reverse effect was observed for magnetization saturation.
Balancing neutrality and partiality in arbitration: discursive tensions in separate opinions
Authors: Breeze Ruth
Published: June 2016

Although arbitration is increasingly being used to settle important disputes, particularly on an international level, little attention has focused on the language used by arbitrators. This article contains a qualitative analysis of the discursive moves and resources used in separate (dissenting and concurring) opinions published on the website of the International Center for the Settlement of Investment Disputes from 1987 to 2013. Arbitrators’ discursive practices in this forum are analyzed, with a particular focus on the tensions that arise between the need to sustain the arbitral system and maintain professional relations, on the one hand, and the equally pressing need to display commitment to the losing party’s cause, on the other. These tensions have parallels in other areas of legal practice and professional life, and can be understood as part of the way power systems operate and replicate through discourse.
A discursive analytical path of appellate court opinions: evaluation of ideological positioning in Bush v. Gore 2000
Authors: Chen Ruina , Liu Haitao
Published: June 2016

Appellate court opinions are written records based on the debates and discussions on hard cases among nine Justices in the US Supreme Court. This important genre type resists any easy paradigm of examination due to its extreme complexity in both language and law. In this paper, we propose an analytical path built upon White’s framework (
Conceptualizing the economy as a living organism: vivification in Arab economic discourse
Authors: Domaradzki Mikolaj
Published: June 2016

The present paper is a corpus-based inquiry into the importance of vivification for producing a systematic and persuasive Arab economic discourse. Thus, this article examines how and why the economy is metaphorically conceptualized in modern Arabic as a Living Organism that can be said to ‘grow’, ‘revive’, etc. Having analyzed the frequency with which the various instantiations of this generic metaphor appear in Arab economic discourse, the paper goes on to discuss the value judgments that they convey. The analogy between a living organism and an economy is shown to induce very specific evaluations of such conditions as ‘growing’ or ‘being revived’. Hence, vivification is demonstrated to play a vital role in providing Arab economic discourse with textual cohesion. Although this article argues for the universal bodily grounding of the Economy Is A Living Organism metaphor, it also shows this experiential basis to be subject to cultural interpretation. The analyses carried out here suggest that projecting such physical concepts as those of ‘growth’ or ‘revival’ onto the social domain of economics entails that they are interpreted in accordance with the particular social interests of a given community.
Time as a base for establishing structure in text: toward a visualization model
Authors: Sahlée Anna
Published: June 2016

Following Halliday and Hasan (1976, Cohesion in English. London: Longman; Halliday and Hasan 1989, Language, context, and text: Aspects of language in a social-semiotic perspective. 2nd edn. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press), text can be defined and studied as a united whole. A “text” which does not appear as a united whole can be very hard to understand and describe. Since this kind of text exists for example in the form of student writing, it is important to have methods and models which can handle all kinds of compositions – coherent and clearly structured and the opposite. This article suggests such a model. Relative to available methods, it is beneficial for understanding and comparing many different texts. The model is based on temporal unfolding of texts, realized primarily by tense and Aktionsarten. It uncovers the basic structure of the text and visualizes it – a combination that makes the text accessible for further analysis. Four texts with different structures from the national test in Swedish and Swedish as a second language are used to demonstrate the model. The model is used to discuss and compare the texts and how the students respond to the given instruction. It is shown what information the model reveals and how analysis and information can be added; in this case means for understanding the narrative text.
Kezdeti tapasztalatok a Sorin Perceval S aorta biológiai billentyű beültetésével
Authors: Csepregi László , Bari Gábor , Bitay Miklós , Hegedűs Zoltán , Varga Sándor , Iglói Gábor , Szabó-B. Antal , Hartyánszky István , Bogáts Gábor
Published: June 2016

Absztrakt

Célkitűzés: Vizsgálatunkkal áttekintjük az osztályunkon
beültetett Sorin Perceval S öltés nélkül rögzíthető műbillentyűvel szerzett
kezdeti tapasztalatainkat. Módszerek: Másfél év alatt 27
esetben ültettünk be Sorin Perceval S biológiai billentyűt
aortabillentyű-betegség miatt. Az eszközt elsősorban nagy kockázatú betegek
esetén alkalmaztuk, reoperációs környezetben, meszes aortagyök esetén,
időskorban. Eredmények: A billentyű beültetési ideje rövidült,
az átlagos aortalefogási idő 27 perc, így a műtéti terhelés csökkent, de a nagy
kockázatú betegek súlyos társbetegségei miatt a kockázat nem szüntethető meg
teljesen. (Három beteget vesztettünk el a postoperativ szakban, bár egyik
beteget sem cardialis ok miatt.) Parciális sternotomia esetén a billentyű
használata megkönnyíti a sebészi beavatkozást. A műtétet követő echokardiográfia
minden esetben kitűnően működő, az anulusba jól illeszkedő műbillentyűt
véleményezett, paravalvularis insufficientia nem volt.
Következtetés: A Sorin Perceval S aorta biológiai
műbillentyű biztonsággal alkalmazható nagy kockázatú betegek műtéte esetén,
valamint parciális sternotomia esetén is megkönnyíti a műtétet.
Saberes e práticas de enfermeiros sobre a participação social na saúde
Authors: Oliveira Deíse Moura de , Deus Nilzza Carlla Pereira de , Caçador Beatriz Santana , Silva Érika Andrade e , Garcia Pauliana Pimentel Coelho , Jesus Maria Cristina Pinto de , Merighi Miriam Aparecida Barbosa
Published: June 2016

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar os saberes e práticas do enfermeiro da Estratégia Saúde da Família com relação à participação social na saúde. Método: pesquisa de natureza qualitativa que teve como cenário as Unidades de Saúde da Família de um município de Minas Gerais. Participaram nove enfermeiros, entrevistados individualmente, nos meses de julho e agosto de 2014. Os dados coletados foram analisados segundo a técnica de análise de conteúdo e interpretados à luz da ontologia e pedagogia freireana. Resultados: os depoimentos analisados evidenciaram que os enfermeiros trazem incoerências conceituais e também atitudinais que necessitam ser equalizadas, a fim de que os seus saberes e práticas possam mediar a desafiadora construção da gestão participativa na saúde. Conclusão: sugere-se um incremento na formação do enfermeiro, tanto acadêmica quanto em serviço, no sentido de fortalecer o seu papel político no processo de consolidação da participação social no Sistema Único de Saúde.
"Ser enfermeiro": escolha profissional e a construção dos processos identitários (anos 1970)
Authors: Teodosio Sheila Saint-Clair , Padilha Maria Itayra
Published: June 2016

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar os fatores que influenciaram a escolha dos egressos da primeira turma do Curso de Graduação em Enfermagem e Obstetrícia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte pela enfermagem nos anos 1970 e compreender os sentidos e significados de ser enfermeiro no momento da opção profissional. Método: pesquisa qualitativa, sócio-histórica que utilizou a história oral para a coleta de dados. Resultados: a análise gerou as categorias: "Ser enfermeiro: uma escolha profissional" e "O ideário de ser enfermeiro: sentidos e significados". Os sentidos de "ser enfermeiro" dizem respeito à visão dos egressos sobre a profissão e os significados abrangeram as concepções tradicionais que permeiam historicamente a profissão. Conclusão: a escolha profissional foi marcada pela influência familiar e expectativa de trabalho, e o curso influenciou na construção da identidade profissional desses enfermeiros.
Acreditação em hospital público: percepções da equipe multiprofissional
Authors: Camillo Nadia Raquel Suzini , Oliveira João Lucas Campos de , Bellucci Junior José Aparecido , Cervilheri Andressa Hirata , Haddad Maria do Carmo Fernandez Lourenço , Matsuda Laura Misue
Published: June 2016

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar as percepções da equipe multiprofissional sobre a Acreditação em um hospital público. Método: pesquisa descritiva, exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa, realizada em maio de 2014, por meio de entrevista individual gravada. Participaram 28 trabalhadores de um hospital público, Acreditado com Excelência, que responderam à questão norteadora: "Fale-me do sistema de Acreditação implantado neste hospital". As entrevistas foram transcritas na íntegra e submetidas a análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: das falas, emergiram três categorias: Vantagens proporcionadas pela Acreditação; Hospital público acreditado assemelha-se com hospital privado e; Orgulho/satisfação por atuar em hospital público acreditado. Conclusão: os participantes percebiam a Acreditação como sistema favorável à gestão da qualidade no serviço público porque promove o desenvolvimento de competências profissionais e melhora a gestão de custos, a estrutura da organização, o gerenciamento da assistência e a percepção de orgulho/satisfação no trabalho.
Associação entre autocuidado e reinternação hospitalar de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca
Authors: Linn Amanda Chlalup , Azzolin Karina , Souza Emiliane Nogueira de
Published: June 2016

RESUMO Objetivo: verificar associação entre o autocuidado e o número de reinternações hospitalares de pacientes com diagnóstico de insuficiência cardíaca (IC) descompensada, bem como testar a aplicabilidade de dois instrumentos de avaliação de autocuidado. Estudo longitudinal, realizado em um hospital de referência cardiológica do sul do Brasil. Método: foram incluídos 82 pacientes, com idade média de 61,85±12,33 anos, 57,3% do sexo masculino. O escore médio da avaliação de autocuidado encontrado pelas escalas European Heart Failure Self-care Behavior Scale e a Escala de Autocuidado para Pacientes com Insuficiência Cardíaca foi insatisfatório. Resultados: foi verificada uma média de 2,57±1,66 reinternações hospitalares no último ano por descompensação da IC. Houve correlação entre os escores de autocuidado com número de reinternações hospitalares por IC descompensada. Escolaridade e idade mostraram-se associadas ao autocuidado dos pacientes com IC. Conclusão: ambas as escalas avaliam o autocuidado de forma relevante, sendo correlacionados os seus índices.
A vivência do cuidado familiar em casas transitórias de apoio
Authors: Nascimento Jaqueline Dias do , Lacerda Maria Ribeiro , Girardon-Perlini Nara Marilene Oliveira , Camargo Tatiana Braga de , Gomes Ingrid Meireles , Zatoni Débora Cristina Paes
Published: June 2016

RESUMO Objetivo: apresentar modelo teórico representativo da vivência do cuidado em casas transitórias de apoio a familiares de crianças em pós-transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas. Método: Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados, realizada com 18 participantes de três grupos amostrais. Para análise, utilizou-se o software QSR Nvivo10. Resultados: elaboraram-se quatro categorias: residindo em casa transitória de apoio; vivenciando o cuidado à criança em pós-transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas; cuidando do cuidador familiar; e retornando a uma nova vida no lar, as quais se inter-relacionam conforme o código teórico da família interativa. Conclusão: esta pesquisa contribui para compreensão da vivência do cuidado em casas transitórias de apoio a familiares de crianças em pós-transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas e subsidia as ações de enfermagem e saúde prestadas a esta população; contribui ainda para a elaboração de orientação de alta hospitalar e cuidado direcionado a essa clientela.
Conhecimento dos profissionais de saúde na avaliação e tratamento da dor neonatal
Authors: Christoffel Marialda Moreira , Castral Thaíla Corrêa , Daré Mariana Firmino , Montanholi Liciane Langona , Scochi Carmen Gracinda Silvan
Published: June 2016

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar o conhecimento dos profissionais de saúde sobre o manejo, avaliação e tratamento da dor em uma unidade neonatal, de um município do Rio de Janeiro. Método: estudo descritivo, exploratório, com análise quantitativa. Os dados foram analisados no software R. Core team. Resultados: dos 96 profissionais de saúde, responderam ao questionário 42 auxiliares/técnicos de enfermagem, 22 enfermeiros, 20 médicos e 02 fisioterapeutas. Destaca-se que quanto a coordenar/realizar/auxiliar no cuidado da dor do bebê enquanto o profissional realiza procedimentos (punção lombar, inserção de dreno torácico e cateter central), 40,5% dos auxiliares/técnicos, 50% dos médicos e 50% dos fisioterapeutas concordam. Houve diferença significativa de concordância em relação aos auxiliares/técnicos e médicos. A maioria (69,8%) dos profissionais de saúde conhece alguma medida não farmacológica efetiva para o alívio da dor aguda. Conclusão: constata-se a necessidade de programa de intervenção educativa, com a participação dos envolvidos, no processo de mudança da prática profissional.
Bioatividade de indutores de resistência no manejo da antracnose da goiabeira (Psidium guajava L.)
Authors: Gomes Rommel dos Santos Siqueira , Demartelaere Andréa Celina Ferreira , Nascimento Luciana Cordeiro do , Maciel Wendel Oliveira , Wanderley Danilo Bruno Néri da Silva
Published: June 2016

RESUMO A cultura da goiaba apresenta perdas em torno de 40 a 60% na pós-colheita relacionadas a problemas fitossanitários, como a antracnose causada pelo fungo Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Pesquisas com métodos alternativos utilizando indutores de resistência têm sido bastante promissoras na busca de produtos com alto potencial no controle de patógenos em pós-colheita. Assim, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os indutores de resistência no controle da antracnose e seus efeitos na qualidade físico-química em frutos de goiabeira ‘Paluma’. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: Agro-mós®, Ecolife®, Fosfitonova K®, Cuprogarb 500®, Rocksil® e testemunha (água destilada esterilizada). Realizou-se o teste in vitro, com discos de colônia de C. gloeosporioides (0,45 cm de diâmetro) com sete dias de cultivo e, postos em meio de cultura BDA acrescidos com os indutores. Foi determinada a porcentagem de inibição do crescimento micelial de C. gloeosporioides. O ensaio in vivo foi realizado com frutos de goiabeira variedade Paluma, desinfestados e tratados com indutores. Em seguida, discos de colônia do C. gloeosporioides foram inoculados e do primeiro ao oitavo dia após a inoculação, foram feitas avaliações do diâmetro das lesões nos frutos. As análises pós-colheita foram realizadas, avaliando a perda de massa fresca, sólidos solúveis totais (SST), acidez titulável (AT), razão SST/AT e potencial hidrogeniônico (pH). Foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema de parcela subdivididas 6x8 (tratamentos x período de avaliação) e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Os indutores Agro-mos®, Ecolife®, Fosfitonova K®, Cuprogarb 500® e Rocksil® inibiram o crescimento micelial do C. gloeosporioides in vitro, reduziram o diâmetro das lesões e mantiveram a qualidade pós-colheita em frutos de goiabeira ‘Paluma’.
Study of costs and revenue from the production and practice laboratories of the Federal Institute of Science and Technology of Minas Gerais - Campus Bambuí
Authors: Corrêa Uellington , Benedicto Gideon Carvalho de , Carvalho Francisval de Melo , Campos Renato Silvério , Lopes Marcos Aurélio , Ribeiro Bruna Pontara Vilas Boas
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT The management of costs is used as a performance indicator by private companies in various sectors and, more recently, in public institutions, which offer free products and services to society. This article aimed to analyze the costs and revenues generated from the Production and Practice Labs (PPL) of Dairy Cattle and Dairy Products Processing from IFMG Campus Bambuí, to check the contribution of the revenues generated by these laboratories in reducing dependence on federal funds used to support these activities. The study was delimited with an investigation of the time series monthly revenues, costs and expenses of PPL analyzed from January 2012 to June 2014. The methodology used to determine the costs of Dairy Cattle production, was the operating cost and Dairy Products Processing cost absorption. The results demonstrate that both dairy farming as dairy products processing activity depended on federal funds to support them throughout the study period. The econometric analysis showed that domestic consumption revenue of Dairy Cattle PPL (domestic consumption of fresh dairy + animals for slaughter) was significant at 1% to reduce dependence on federal funds. Therefore is seems that for every increase in R$ 1.00 in the revenue of internal consumption from the dairy cattle lab reduced the deficit or transfer by the federation in R$ 1.32.
Lambda-cyhalothrin efficiency on fruit borer control and quali-quantitative spraying aspects in a pinecone crop
Authors: Morais Jacqueline Lavinscky Costa , Castellani Maria Aparecida , Raetano Carlos Gilberto , Macêdo Juliana Alves de , Nery Moisés Silva , Moreira Gabriela Luz Pereira
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT In Brazil, the state of Bahia is one of the largest pinecone (Annona squamosa L.) growers; nevertheless, fruit borer (Cerconota anonella L.) presence limits production. This research aimed to test the efficiency of lambda-cyhalothrin in controlling fruit borer using different spray volumes; additionally, this research tested qualitative and quantitative operational aspects. Trials were carried out in pinecone orchards in Caraíbas-BA, Brazil. Pesticide efficiency was tested by a randomized block experiment with six treatments and five replications. Treatments consisted of lambda-cyhalothrin application (1.5 g a.i. 100 L-1 water) with a surfactant (0.03% v v-1) at spray volumes of 100, 200, 268, 382 and 488 L ha-1 and one control (without spray). Pest infestation was assessed by counting symptomatic fruits for further percentage calculation. Five treatments with five replications were developed to evaluate spraying performance. These treatments consisted of an aqueous solution with a Brilliant Blue tracer at 0.15% (p v-1) and a surfactant at 0.03% (v v-1), using the same spray volumes as the first experiment. Qualitative assessments were performed on water-sensitive paper cards and were quantified through tracer deposit levels on leaves. Spray volumes between 100 and 382 L ha-1 with lambda-cyhalothrin were efficient to control Cerconota anonella in the pinecone crop, providing good quality application.
Estatística de contagem com a plataforma Arduino
Authors: Pereira A. M. , Santos A. C. F. , Amorim H. S.
Published: June 2016

Descrevemos experimentos didáticos simples sobre detecção de radiação e estatística de contagens, utilizando a plataforma Arduino, para aplicação no ensino médio e superior. Os experimentos ilustram a natureza binomial do processo de decaimento radioativo. O aparato permite ao estudante medir as distribuições de Poisson e Gaussiana.
Mecanismos de alargamento de linhas espectrais atômicas
Authors: Valverde C. , Baseia B. , Bagnato V. S.
Published: June 2016

Os espectros de energia de átomos idealizados (isolados, parados e em temperatura 0 K) são constituídos por um conjunto de linhas muito estreitas. Contudo, no mundo real, verifica-se que cada uma destas linhas são alargadas pela ação de vários tipos de influências externas. Uma discussão simplificada é apresentada sobre seus mecanismos e como cada um deles atua isoladamente sobre as linhas espectrais. O caso de dois ou mais mecanismos atuando juntos é também considerado. Técnicas de afinamento de linha para relevantes aplicações são mencionadas, incluindo algumas que usam o controle da largura e da forma da linha laser.
Saturação do ozônio em coluna contendo grãos de amendoim e efeito na qualidade
Authors: Roberto Matheus de Almeida , Alencar Ernandes Rodrigues de , Ferreira Wallas Felippe de Souza , Mendonça Marcio Antonio , Alves Hanna
Published: June 2016

Resumo Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o processo de saturação do ozônio em coluna contendo amendoim e o efeito na qualidade de produto. Utilizaram-se grãos com teor de umidade em torno de 6,8% (b.u.), acondicionados em recipientes cilíndricos de PVC, com 1,10 m de altura e 15 cm de diâmetro. O gás, nas concentrações de 1,59 e 2,78 mg L–1, foi injetado na base da coluna e os valores adotados de altura da coluna de grãos foram de 0,25, 0,50 e 0,75 m. Determinaram-se os tempos e as concentrações de saturação e avaliou-se a qualidade dos grãos ozonizados. Para os grãos ozonizados na concentração de 1,59 mg L–1, obteve-se tempo de saturação na faixa entre 222 e 449 min. No que tange à relação CSat/C0, obtiveram-se valores entre 0,32 e 0,48. Com relação aos grãos submetidos à ozonização na concentração de 2,78 mg L–1, obteve-se tempo de saturação na faixa entre 78 e 251 min. No que se refere à relação CSat/C0, para a concentração inicial de 2,78 mg L–1, os valores permaneceram entre 0,46 e 0,81. É possível concluir, a partir dos resultados obtidos, que, à medida que se aumenta a altura da coluna de grãos de amendoim, há aumento do tempo de saturação e decréscimo da concentração de saturação. Não houve alteração na qualidade do produto durante o processo de ozonização.