bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BatchEval Pipeline: batch effect evaluation workflow for multiple datasets joint analysis
Authors: Zhang Chao , Kang Qiang , Li Mei , Xie Hongqing , Fang Shuangsang , Xu Xun
Published: February 2024

As genomic sequencing technology continues to advance, it becomes increasingly important to perform joint analyses of multiple datasets of transcriptomics. However, batch effect presents challenges for dataset integration, such as sequencing data measured on different platforms, and datasets collected at different times. Here, we report the development of BatchEval Pipeline, a batch effect workflow used to evaluate batch effect on dataset integration. The BatchEval Pipeline generates a comprehensive report, which consists of a series of HTML pages for assessment findings, including a main page, a raw dataset evaluation page, and several built-in methods evaluation pages. The main page exhibits basic information of the integrated datasets, a comprehensive score of batch effect, and the most recommended method for removing batch effect from the current datasets. The remaining pages exhibit evaluation details for the raw dataset, and evaluation results from the built-in batch effect removal methods after removing batch effect. This comprehensive report enables researchers to accurately identify and remove batch effects, resulting in more reliable and meaningful biological insights from integrated datasets. In summary, the BatchEval Pipeline represents a significant advancement in batch effect evaluation, and is a valuable tool to improve the accuracy and reliability of the experimental results.

Availability & Implementation
The source code of the BatchEval Pipeline is available at https://github.com/STOmics/BatchEval.
A novel variable neighborhood search approach for cell clustering for spatial transcriptomics
Authors: Djordjevic Aleksandra , Li Junhua , Fang Shuangsang , Cao Lei , Ivanovic Marija
Published: February 2024

This paper introduces a new approach to cell clustering using the Variable Neighborhood Search (VNS) metaheuristic. The purpose of this method is to cluster cells based on both gene expression and spatial coordinates. Initially, we confronted this clustering challenge as an Integer Linear Programming minimization problem. Our approach introduced a novel model based on the VNS technique, demonstrating the efficacy in navigating the complexities of cell clustering. Notably, our method extends beyond conventional cell-type clustering to spatial domain clustering. This adaptability enables our algorithm to orchestrate clusters based on information gleaned from gene expression matrices and spatial coordinates. Our validation showed the superior performance of our method when compared to existing techniques. Our approach advances current clustering methodologies and can potentially be applied to several fields, from biomedical research to spatial data analysis.
Revolutionizing Automated Agriculture: A Brief Overview of an Advanced Smart Agriculture System Using Arduino UNO
Authors: Mohankumar A.  , Gowtham R.
Published: February 2024

This project presents a Smart Agriculture System that uses sensor technologies to improve crop monitoring and automate irrigation procedures. A variety of sensors are integrated into the system, such as a temperature sensor, a gas sensor, a photodiode for ambient light sensing, and a soil moisture sensor. When taken as a whole, these sensors offer real-time information on the concentrations of gases, ambient light levels, temperature fluctuations, and soil conditions in agricultural environments. The system’s primary function is to continuously monitor soil moisture levels in order to determine when irrigation is necessary. A water pump is activated when a predetermined moisture threshold is reached, guaranteeing timely and precise irrigation for the best possible crop growth. By monitoring the climate, the temperature sensor helps determine the environmental factors that affect crop health. Farmers can monitor important parameters with ease thanks to the convenient and user-friendly interface that the real-time display of sensor data on an LCD screen provides. Furthermore, by measuring the amount of natural light present, the ambient light sensor helps the system to optimize planting schedules and comprehend the impact of sunlight on crop development. The addition of a gas sensor expands the capabilities of the system by identifying possible environmental risks or variations in gas concentrations that could have an impact on crop quality. In addition to providing farmers with useful information about the health of their crops, this integrated smart agriculture system makes irrigation automation easier, saving water and increasing overall agricultural productivity. Due to its flexibility and scalability, the system is an invaluable resource for contemporary precision agriculture, contributing to sustainable farming practices and increased crop yields.
Cost-Benefit Analysis Tool for Deploying Solar Irrigation Pumps: The Case for Rajasthan
Authors: Sharma Jyoti , Tyagi Himanshu , Sundararagavan Sandhya
Published: February 2024

This technical note discusses a cost benefit analysis tool to assess the economic viability of Solar Irrigation Pumps by calculating the monetary benefits to stakeholders such as distribution companies, the Rajasthan state government, and farmers by creating an additional income source. Feasible costs and assistance from DISCOMs and the state government will embolden more farmers to opt for solar irrigation pumps. Additionally, this technical note also highlights the reduced carbon footprint resulting from the avoided power procurement costs by DISCOMs.
Pengaruh Brand Image, Harga dan Kualitas Produk Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian (Mie Sakera Ajung Kalisat Kota Jember)
Authors: Wulandari Wahyu , Izzuddin Ahmad , Reskiputri Tatit Diansari
Published: February 2024

Brand image, harga, dan kualitas produk ialah faktor yang berpengaruh pada keputusan pembelian. Pelaksanaan penelitian bertujuan guna menguji dan melaksanakan analisis pengaruh signifikan brand image, harga, dan kualitas produk pada keputusan pembelian Mie Sakera Ajung Kalisat. Metode yang digunakan pada  penelitian ini yakni kuantitatif yang teknik mengumpulkan datanya melalui observasi, kuesioner, dokumentasi, serta wawancara terhadap 100 responden. Pengukuran menggunakan alat yakni uji validitas, uji reabilitas, uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi linear berganda, uji t serta uji R2. Hasil dari pengujian hipotesis pertama (H1) adalah nilai variabel brand image yakni 0,001 dimana lebih kecil dari pada 0,05 berarti variabel brand image berpengaruh atas keputusan pembelian. Hasil uji hipotesis kedua (H2) adalah nilai dari variabel harga yakni 0,319 melebihi 0,05 berarti variabel harga tidak mempengaruhi atas keputusan pembelian. Hasil dari uji hipotesis ketiga (H3) adalah nilai variabel kualitas produk yakni 0,042 kurang dari 0,05 berarti variabel kualitas produk berpengaruh atas keputusan pembelian.
 
Brand image, price and product quality are factors that influence purchasing decisions. The research aims to test and carry out an analysis of the significant influence of brand image, price and product quality on purchasing decisions for Ajung Kalisat Sakera Noodles. The method used in this research is quantitative, the technique of collecting data through observation, questionnaires, documentation and interviews with 100 respondents. Measurements use tools namely validity test, reliability test, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis, t test and R2 test. The result of testing the first hypothesis (H1) is the value of the brand image variable, namely 0.001, which is smaller than 0.05, meaning the brand image variable has an influence on purchasing decisions. The result of the second hypothesis test (H2) is that the value of the price variable is 0.319, exceeding 0.05, meaning that the price variable does not influence purchasing decisions. The result of the third hypothesis test (H3) is that the value of the product quality variable is 0.042, less than 0.05, meaning that the product quality variable has an influence on purchasing decisions.
Pengaruh Mudharabah Mutlaqah dan Wadiah Yad Dhamanah Terhadap Tingkat Pendapatan Nasabah Studi Kasus BSI Unismuh Makassar
Authors: Akib Baso , Khaerunisa Amalia
Published: February 2024

Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Unismuh Makassar merupakan salah satu Bank Syariah yang ada di Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan yang menerapkan sistem bagi hasil kepada nasabahnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah Mudharabah Mutlaqah dan Wadiah Yad Dhamanah dapat mempengaruhi tingkat pendapatan nasabah pada BSI KCP Unismuh Makassar. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah data primer. Sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 80 sampel dengan bantuan jawaban dari kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada nasabah. kemudian diolah menggunakan aplikasi IBM SPSS Statistic Version 20. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang diperoleh dari uji parsial (t) bahwa Mudharabah Mutlaqah berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap tingkat pendapatan nasabah pada Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Unismuh Makassar dan Wadiah Yad Dhamanah berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap tingkat pendapatan nasabah pada Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Unismuh Makassar. Secara uji simultan (F) diperoleh kes-impulan bahwa Mudharabah Mutlaqah dan Wadiah Yad Dhamanah secara bersama-sama dapat berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap tingkat pendapatan nasabah pada BSI KCP Unismuh Makassar.
 
PT Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Unismuh Makassar is one of the Islamic Banks in Makassar, South Sulawesi that applies a profit-sharing system to its customers. The purpose of this study was to determine whether Mudharabah Mutlaqah and Wadiah Yad Dhamanah can affect the level of customer income at BSI KCP Unismuh Makassar. The method used is quantitative method with quantitative descriptive approach. The data source used is primary data. The sample used amounted to 80 samples with the help of answers from questionnaires distributed to customers. then processed using the IBM SPSS Statistic Version 20 application. Based on the research results obtained from the partial test (t) that Mudharabah Mutlaqah has a positive and significant effect on customer income levels at Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Unismuh Makassar and Wadiah Yad Dhamanah has a positive and significant effect on customer income levels at Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Unismuh Makassar. Simultaneously test (F) obtained the conclusion that Mudharabah Mutlaqah and Wadiah Yad Dhamanah together can have a positive and significant effect on the level of customer income at BSI KCP Unismuh Makassar.
Model Manajemen Strategis Berbasis Nilai-Nilai Islam untuk Peningkatan Keamanan Nasional
Authors: Lelyana Nora
Published: February 2024

AbstrakKeamanan nasional merupakan perhatian utama bagi pemerintah di seluruh dunia. Dalam konteks negara-negara Islam, mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai Islam ke dalam praktik manajemen strategis menawarkan pendekatan unik untuk meningkatkan keamanan nasional. Kajian ini mengeksplorasi pengembangan Model Manajemen Strategis berbasis nilai-nilai Islam untuk peningkatan keamanan nasional.Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini ada tiga: untuk mengidentifikasi nilai-nilai utama Islam yang dapat dimasukkan ke dalam model manajemen strategis untuk peningkatan keamanan nasional; mengembangkan model manajemen strategis yang komprehensif berdasarkan nilai-nilai Islam; dan untuk menilai efektivitas model tersebut dalam meningkatkan keamanan nasional.Metode penelitian kualitatif, termasuk analisis isi, studi kasus, dan analisis naratif, akan digunakan untuk menganalisis sumber data sekunder seperti laporan pemerintah, literatur akademis, wawancara, dan dokumen kebijakan.Prinsip-prinsip tersebut akan menjelaskan nilai-nilai fundamental Islam yang dapat diintegrasikan ke dalam manajemen strategis, memberikan wawasan dalam mengembangkan model manajemen strategis holistik yang berakar pada prinsip-prinsip Islam, dan mengevaluasi efektivitas model tersebut dalam meningkatkan keamanan nasional.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk berkontribusi pada wacana pendekatan inovatif terhadap keamanan nasional dengan menyoroti potensi nilai-nilai Islam dalam manajemen strategis. Temuan ini diharapkan dapat memberikan panduan berharga bagi para pembuat kebijakan dan ahli strategi di negara-negara Islam.Kata Kunci: keamanan nasional, manajemen strategis, nilai-nilai Islam
Unveiling the hidden threat: The interactions between soybean and Oomycetes, with a focus on Pythium-like and Phytophthora sojae
Authors:   , Batista Izabel Cristina Alves
Published: February 2024

Revelando uma ameaça oculta: As interações entre a soja e os oomicetos, com foco nos organismos semelhantes a Pythium e Phytophthora sojae. Orientador: Eduardo Seiti Gomide Mizubuti. Este estudo aborda oomicetos patogênicos habitantes do solo que podem afetar a produção de soja devido a doenças causadas por estes micro-organismos como a podridão de sementes e raízes e tombamento de plântulas. No primeiro capítulo, diversas espécies de Pythium, Globisporangium, Phytophthora, Phytopythium e Aphanomyces, foram isoladas de áreas afetadas na região Centro-Sul do Brasil. A identificação foi realizada por meio de análises filogenéticas, destacando a prevalência de Pythium myriotylum, Globisporangium irregulare e Pythium deliense, além de Phytophthora sojae, a espécie de oomiceto já conhecida por causar a podridão da raiz e da haste (PRH). A patogenicidade de isolados semelhantes a Pythium foi avaliada, com destaque para G. ultimum, G. ultimum var. sporangiiferum, G. irregulare e P. myriotylum, que apresentaram o maior Índice de Severidade da Doença em ensaios de semente. Além disso, a sensibilidade dessas espécies a vários oomicidas foi avaliada, sendo mefenoxam particularmente eficaz. No segundo capítulo, o estudo se concentra na dinâmica de P. sojae, o oomiceto que causa a PRH. A pesquisa caracteriza 40 isolados de uma região com alta incidência no Brasil, identificando 28 patótipos. Uma mudança significativa na diversidade de patótipos na última década destaca a importância do monitoramento das populações de P. sojae para o uso estratégico de genes de resistência em programas de melhoramento de soja. No terceiro capítulo, a pesquisa explorou a diversidade genética e a evolução temporal das populações de P. sojae em regiões produtoras de soja no Brasil ao longo de uma década. Utilizando marcadores microssatélites e determinando patótipos com base nas respostas a linhagens diferenciais de soja, foram identificados 37 patótipos únicos em 2023, indicando um aumento na diversidade em comparação com 2013. Essas descobertas contribuem para uma compreensão mais aprofundada da diversidade e patogenicidade de oomicetos na soja, fornecendo informações valiosas para o manejo de doenças. Elas destacam a importância da resistência genética e a necessidade de abordagens estratégicas no desenvolvimento de novas cultivares com genes de resistência. Palavras-chave: Patogenicidade. Resistência. Soja. Podridão da raiz. Genética populacional.
Breaking ground on ADHD diagnosis in Pakistan
Authors: Arysha Javid  , Minahel Ahmed  , Eman Sikandar
Published: February 2024

Madam,
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder – better known as ADHD - is a prevalent childhood behavioural disorder, estimated to have a prevalence between 2-7% globally [1]. Despite this high prevalence and its rising number of annual cases, ADHD underdiagnosed, especially in adolescent females and older children [1]. Undiagnosed ADHD has adverse effects on many aspects of a person’s life, including, but not limited to, social skills, time perception, stress management, and mood disorders. Meta-analysis evidence shows that childhood ADHD confers an elevated risk for depression across clinic-referred and community-based samples (Meinzer, Pettit, & Viswesvaran, 2014) [2]. Consequently, these patients face academic underachievement, hindrance in employment, relationships troubles and in extreme cases, criminality.
A study published in PLOS One established that despite early onset and greater prevalence of ADHD in young males, symptoms tend to diminish compared to that of females [3]. It is proposed that ADHD in adult males is characterised by a lesser recognised form that does not include hyperactive-impulsive symptoms and, therefore, has more chance of going undiagnosed and unrecorded. This explains why it seems as if ADHD symptoms tend to diminish in males [3]. Newer research also speculates that a subset of women might be presenting with an adult-onset form of ADHD [3], contradicting historical concepts that ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that always emerges in childhood. That being said, a possibility remains that the increased number of cases in adult women might just be undiagnosed women 'catching up', supported by a review study that concluded increased ADHD identification in adult women compared to during childhood [2].
Pakistan has a severe lack of research and awareness regarding neurodivergence and ADHD. This explains why diagnosis and therapy for these patients using standardized behavioural rating scales and complete psychological evaluation is highly uncommon. The medical community of Pakistan needs to combat this by breaking the stigma surrounding neurodivergence and raising awareness about what ADHD is and what challenges it poses to undiagnosed patients. Early-on primary school screening of children can increase diagnosis and promote the provision of better opportunities to neurodivergent individuals to improve their standard of educational and work life.
Hypochlorous acid -the future of wound care?
Authors: Muhammad Roshan  , Maryam Tariq  , Muhammad Sulaman Akhtar
Published: February 2024

Dear Editor,
Wounds, especially chronic wounds and associated infections, impose a substantial burden on individuals and healthcare systems, leading to escalated morbidity rates and a significant ris in healthcare costs. Chronic wounds create ideal conditions for infection and the formation of biofilms, making it essential to implement comprehensive wound care techniques to promote wound healing1.
Antiseptics are substances that impede or eradicate pathogens found within wounds or on the skin. Iodine-based agents such as povidone-iodine (PVP-I) have been used to treat wounds for decades. PVP-I is widely used and accepted due to its broad activity spectrum against gram-positive and negative bacteria, no development of cross-resistance upon use and its ability to penetrate biofilms. While being widely utilized worldwide, certain concerns have been raised regarding hypersensitivity, inadequate penetration, and potential cytotoxicity on host cells associated with its use. Reports have emerged documenting instances of both immediate and delayed allergic reactions to PVP-I. There have also been reports of iodine toxicity in patients when PVP-I was used as a constant wound irrigant2.
Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is a potent antimicrobial compound naturally synthesized by the immune system. It exhibits remarkable efficacy against a wide range of bacterial, viral, and fungal pathogens, effectively neutralizing their presence. A study conducted by Sakarya et al. concluded that stabilized HOCl solution is minimally allergenic as it’s produced naturally in the body and is also an ideal wound care solution3.
A few comparative studies have been conducted between HOCl and PVP-I. In very recent research, it was concluded that in neonatal circumcision, the group of patients that used PVP-I had a greater occurrence of edema and delayed wound healing as compared to patients that used HOCl4. Moreover, PVP-I has been demonstrated to be cytotoxic to cellular components of wound healing while HOCl controls bacterial spread without disrupting the wound healing process as it is non-cytotoxic to cells at concentrations that achieve antimicrobial action. The amount of exudate also decreases when Hypochlorous acid is used instead of Povidone iodine5.
To sum it up, Physicians and nurses face a formidable hurdle in identifying a topical antiseptic agent that is both safe and efficacious. PVP-I is being widely used as an antiseptic agent for wound healing but patients do experience some side effects. Research suggests that hypochlorous acid is also an effective option to treat lesions with less adverse effects, although more research should be conducted to reach absolute conclusive results.
A retrospective analysis of clinicopathological features and outcome of secondary steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Qaiser Habib , Bajeer Irshad , Khatri Sabeeta , Hashmi Seema , Lanewala Ali Asghar
Published: February 2024

Objective: To determine the clinico-pathological features and long-term outcome of secondary steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome treated with steroids and calcineurin inhibitors.
Method: The retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplant, Karachi, in June and July 2023, and comprised data from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2020, of children aged 1-18 years who developed steroid resistance after initial sensitivity to steroids with at least 1-year of follow-up. Demographics as well as time taken to secondary steroid response were documented. Renal biopsy of all patients with secondary steroid resistance had been performed. Eventual outcomes after treatment with calcineurin inhibitors based on the degree of proteinuria and serum albumin levels were used to categorise complete remission, partial remission and no response. Kidney function, as determined by estimated glomerular filtration rate, was recorded. Data was analysed using SPSS 22.
Results: Of the 1,000 patients who underwent renal biopsy for steroid resistance, 48(4.8%) had idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome; 32(66.7%) males, 16(33.3%) females and median age of 5 years (interquartile range: 4-7.3 years). Median age at diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome was 5 years (interquartile range: 3.6-7.3 years). The median time from nephrotic syndrome to secondary steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome was 23 months (interquartile range: 8.75-44.5 months). Biopsy results at diagnosis showed that 27(56.3%) had minimal change disease. The mean follow-up time was 6.1±3.2 years. Of the 43(89.5%) patients who received cyclosporin for 1 year, 29(67%) obtained complete remission, 5(12%) attained partial remission and no response was seen in 9(21%) patients.
Conclusion: Majority of the children had minimal change disease at the time of diagnosis of secondary steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. The long-term response with calcineurin inhibitors was favourable at 1 year.
Key Words: Secondary steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome, Late non-responder nephrotic syndrome, Calcineurin inhibitors, Childhood nephrotic syndrome.
Unsupervised mobility and motion assessment in neuromuscular and musculoskeletal disorders using mobile health technology
Authors: Osama Muhammad , Bonnechere Bruno , Afridi Sabah
Published: February 2024

Mobility deficits are not uncommon in persons with neuromuscular and musculoskeletal disorders. This can have a negative impact in terms of morbidity, mortality, quality of life and activities of daily living (1). Conventionally, mobility and physical activity have been measured in a clinical and laboratory setting by a qualified health professional and is thus called supervised assessment (1). It is either a qualitative or quantitative one- time snapshot evaluation of physical activity, mobility or motion and is highly influenced by factors such as the Hawthorne effect, the time of day when the measurement was taken, white coat and reverse white coat effect (1). Moreover, supervised mobility assessment may have many limitations such as limited ecological validity, lack of patient-centered focus, inability to record real-world challenges, absence of real-time feedback, lack of ability to consider patient's environment, and an omission in observing the range of performance across the day or week (1).
To tackle the above mentioned limitations, recently unsupervised mobility assessment of mobility and physical activity using mobile health technology has emerged as an alternative to conventional supervised assessment (1-3). Significant differences may be observed when comparing identical mobility outcomes measured under supervised and unsupervised conditions (1, 3). A systematic review revealed significant variations of 40-180% in identical mobility measures acquired from the same participants across different settings (1). The disparities between supervised and unsupervised measurements are notably greater than the effects observed in treatment interventions. Minor to moderate treatment effects may be overshadowed by these substantial differences in measurement modes (1).
Unsupervised assessment holds the potential to address the limitations of supervised assessment as it is patient-centered, ecologically valid, capable of recording fluctuating and rare events, unaffected by the white coat and Hawthorne effects, provides real-time treatment feedback, records real-world challenges, is influenced by a person's mood and fatigue, considers the environment, and reports performance across the day or week (1). Moreover, unsupervised assessment does not require the presence of a trained professional, or the patient to report to a clinic or hospital, and thus can be of great value in rural environments and in tele-medicine/rehabilitation. Not only would this be cost effective, it will also decrease the load on the health care system and the need for health care human resource.
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Diabetes Fever
Authors: Sanjay Kalra  , Suneet Verma  , Nitin Kapoor  , Saptarshi Bhattacharya
Published: February 2024

While diabetes manifests multiple clinical presentations, complications and comorbidities, most modern discourse focuses on the cardiovascular aspects of the syndrome. In this communication, we explore the vast spectrum of fever and diabetes. We highlight the bidirectional interactions between febrile illness and diabetes, as well as drug-drug interactions. These multifaceted connections must be understood by all health care professionals who manage diabetes and/or fever.

Keywords: Glycaemia, hyperglycaemia, infectious disease, pyrexia, tropical disease
Ultra Processed Foods: A South Asian culinary perspective
Authors: Sanjay Kalra  , Bharti Kalra  , Leepica Kapoor  , Nitin Kapoor
Published: February 2024

There is a vast multitude of foodstuffs available, and health care professionals find it challenging to distinguish between healthy and unhealthy offerings. Recent evidence suggests that ultra processed foods should be avoided, as they are associated with harmful effects on health. This communication defines and describes ultra-processed foods, using the internationally accepted NOVA classification. It uses South Asian examples to make the concept easy to understand for South Asian readers.

Keywords: Cuisine, diabetes, diet, medical nutrition therapy, nutrition obesity, overweight, person centred care.
Evolution of RANO in Assessing Brain Tumour Outcomes
Authors: Qurat-ul-Ain Virani  , Zanib Javed  , Muhammad Shahzad Shamim
Published: February 2024

Assessing treatment response is extremely important in management of brain tumours. Response assessment in neuro-oncology (RANO) was introduced in 2008 for the purpose of making recommendations for it by addressing and countering the limitations in previously reported response criteriae. Subsequently, multiple RANO working groups have been formed to cater to different tumour types and to update their previous recommendations to counter the limitations in their criteria. Herein we have a summarized list of RANO criteria for adult brain tumours.

Keywords: RANO, neuro-oncology, brain tumour, outcome
Mobile health: Is your next rehabilitation’s specialist in your pocket?
Authors: Kim Daniels  , Farooq Azam Rathore  , Bruno Bonnechère
Published: February 2024

The past few decades have witnessed an unprecedented surge in health-related mobile applications. However, most of these applications primarily focus on lifestyle domains such as sleep, fitness, and nutrition. A notable stride in this landscape involves the emergence of applications catering specifically to rehabilitation needs. This expert review aims to provide an encompassing overview of the wide spectrum of apps available for both assessment and rehabilitation. It delves into the existing constraints associated with these tools and deliberates on the potential avenues for future advancements and integration for future advancements and integration. The transformative potential of this mobile, affordable, and user-friendly technology in reshaping the field of rehabilitation sciences will be highlighted. This article underscores how harnessing these innovations can elevate accessibility and effectiveness in the rehabilitation processes, leading to improved overall outcomes and wellbeing.

Keywords: mHealth,  rehabilitation, smartphone, technology, telerehabilitation, mobile applications
Risk perception about communicable and vector borne diseases among international travellers to Pakistan: a cross sectional study
Authors: Saeed Sara , Tahir Qandeel , Babar Kawish Ayesha
Published: February 2024

With the increase in air travel, the risk of diseases travelling from one geographical area to another has also increased. Relatively little is known about how travellers know and perceive the health risks associated with travel and how they adopt preventive measures before and while travelling abroad. The objective of this study is to determine the risk perception about communicable and vector-borne diseases among international travellers arriving from different countries and to find any association between the level of risk perception and independent variables. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 426 participants enrolled through convenient sampling technique. An already validated questionnaire was used to collect information. Chi square test was applied to ascertain any significant association between dependent and independent variables. Out of 426 respondents, only 226 (53%) had a high risk perception, whereas 220 (47%) had a low risk perception.
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Assessment of sleep quality in severe covid-19 hospitalized patients
Authors: Abbasi Nida Zeb , Baig Kainaat , Muhammad Hassan  , Syed Fibhaa , Waheed Jami Muhammad Anas , Usman Muhammad
Published: February 2024

Objectives: To evaluate the quality of sleep in patients hospitalised with coronavirus disease-2019, and its impact on hospitalisation duration, need for intensive care unit admission and mortality.
Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan, from May 2, 2021 to April 30, 2022, and comprised hospitalised coronavirus disease-2019 patients. Data was gathered using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire, including demographics, comorbidities, length of hospital stay, need for intensive care unit admission, C-reactive protein and D-dimer values at admission, and the outcome. The patients were divided into group A having good sleep quality score >5 and group B having poor sleep quality score <5. Data was analysed using SPSS 25.
Results: Of the 1,250 patients, 559(44.7%) were males and 691(55.3%) were females. There were 560(44.8%) patients in group A with mean age 53.80±14.85 years, and 690(55.2%) patients in group B with mean age 53.71±14.32 years. There were no significant intergroup differences in terms of age and high-resolution computed tomography scan (p>0.05). The difference was significant with respect to gender, comorbid conditions, education status as well C-reactive protein and D-dimer levels (p<0.001). Group B patients had a longer duration of hospitalisation (p<0.001) and a higher need for intensive care unit admission (p<0.001) compared to group A. The outcome was death in 166(13.28%) patients in group B compared to 40(3.2%) in group A (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Poor sleep quality was found to be associated with longer hospital stay, increased need for mechanical ventilation, and higher mortality rate in coronavirus disease-2019 patients.
Key Words: Sleep condition, Covid-19, PSQI.
Relationship between cultural intelligence and career and work adaptability in nursing students
Authors: Sevinc Sibel , Ozdemir Serap
Published: February 2024

Objective: To investigate the relationship between cultural intelligence and career and work adaptability among nursing students.
Method: The descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted at Kilis 7 Aralik University Nursing Department in Turkey from April to May 2019, and comprised nursing students of either gender. Data was gathered using Cultural Intelligence Scale and Career and Work Adaptability Questionnaire. Data was analysed using SPSS24.
Results: Of the 277 subjects, 162(58.5percent) were females and 115(41.5percent) were males. The overall mean age was 21.21±1.81 years. The mean Cultural Intelligence Scale score was 95.17±18.16. The mean Career and Work Adaptability Questionnaire score was 115.69±19.38. There was a positive correlation between the total scores and subscale scores of both the scales (r=598, p 0.001). The student’s father’s occupation, desire to work overseas, feeling like a good fit for nursing, and feeling prepared for professional life significantly affected cultural intelligence (p 0.05). The student’s father’s occupation significantly affected career and work adaptability (p=0.001).
Conclusions: There was a positive correlation between the total scores and subscale scores of Cultural Intelligence Scale and Career and Work Adaptability Questionnaire.
Key Words: Culture, Intelligence, Career, Work adaptability, Nursing student.
Orthodontic awareness amongst middle school teachers and parents of twin cities
Authors: Mansoor Asma , Kasana Mishaal Arshad , Nazir Rozina , Siddiqui Tania Arshad , Mansoor Saad , Rahim Shoaib
Published: February 2024

Objective: To compare the level of awareness towards orthodontic treatment among parents and teachers of middle school children.
Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2021 to May 2022 in the middle schools of Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan, after approval from the ethics review committee of the Foundation University College of Dentistry and Hospital, Foundation University, Islamabad. Those included were middle school teachers and parents of students studying in middle schools. Data was collected using a validated questionnaire that had 6 demographic and 5 survey questions. The form was digitized for easy dissemination among parents.  Data was analysed using SPSS 23.
Results: Of the 240 subjects, 120(50%) each were parents and teachers. Overall, there were 165(68.75%) females and 75(31.25%) males.  Level of education and professional exposure were not significantly different between teachers and parents (p>0.05). There was no difference in the level of education and professional work experience between the parents and teacher (p>0.05). Teachers showed a higher level of awareness than parents towards the role of orthodontist in tooth alignment (p=0.013), associated habits with malalignment of teeth (p=0.003), and that the most appropriate age for treatment was 10-15 years (p 0.001).Teachers were more likely of the opinion that facial disharmony is treatable than parents (odds ratio: 1.599, 95% confidence interval: 0.572-4.467).
Conclusion: Teachers showed a higher level of awareness than parents regarding orthodontic treatment of children.
Key Words: Awareness, Orthodontics, Middle school teachers, Parents, Attitude.
Factors contributing to preterm birth in patients presenting at tertiary care hospitals in Punjab
Authors: Fariha Aslam Bajwa  , Nayyer Sultana  , Ameelia Sadaqat  , Abida Riaz  , Mirza Zeeshan Sikandar
Published: February 2024

Objective: To determine the various causes and factors leading to preterm birth in women presenting at tertiary care hospitals.
Method: The cross-sectional, prospective study was conducted from June 19, 2021, to January 19, 2022, at the Central Park Teaching Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan, in collaboration with other tertiary care teaching hospitals in Lahore, and comprised pregnant women aged 15-45 years with preterm birth. Demographic and obstetric data was collected. Depending on the factors contributing to preterm birth, the subjects were categorised as spontaneous labour group A, preterm prelabour rupture of membrane group B, and iatrogenic preterm birth group C. Data was analysed using SPSS 25.
Results: Of the 1,300 recorded births, 200(15.38%) were preterm. Group A had 86(43%) women with mean age 28.55+4.68 years, group B had 43(21,5%) women with mean age 27.14+3.25+43 years, and group C had 71(35.5%) women with mean age 28.28+3.74 years (p>0.05). There was significant difference among the groups with respect to body mass index (p=0.001) and parity (p=0.021). Vaginal and urinary tract infections were significantly higher in group A compared to the other groups (p<0.05). In group C, pre-eclampsia was the main reason for preterm birth 45(63.38%).
Conclusion: Medically indicated preterm birth rate was found to be high, and pre-eclampsia was noted as the main cause in iatrogenic preterm birth.
Key Words: Preterm, Labour, Reproductive age, PPROM, Pre-eclampsia, Obstetrical complications.
Therapeutic efficacy and drug safety comparison of one-week Vonoprazan triple therapy with two-weeks Esomeprazole triple therapy in Helicobacter pylori infection: Findings from a single-centre randomized clinical trial in population of Pakistan
Authors: Farzana Waqar  , Mudassar Noor  , Ehtesham Haider  , Kulsoom Farhat  , Shabana Ali  , Syedah Fauzia Fatime Gilani
Published: February 2024

Objective: To compare the therapeutic efficacy and drug safety of Vonoprazan and Esomeprazole triple therapies in Helicobacter pylori infection.
Method: The randomised clinical trial was conducted from December 2022 to January 2023 at the Department of Pharmacology, Army Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, in collaboration with the Gastroenterology Department of Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, and comprised patients found positive for Helicobacter pylori by stool antigen test. They were randomly distributed into two groups. The EAL group received two-week triple therapy with Esomeprazole 20mgand Amoxicillin 1000mg twice daily with Levofloxacin 500mg once daily. The VAL group was prescribed one-week triple therapy with Vonoprazan 20mg and Amoxicillin 1000mg twice daily with Levofloxacin 500mg once daily. Eradication success was evaluated by stool antigen test 4 weeks after starting the treatment. Safety of the therapy was assessed by noting adverse effects at days 3 and 14 of the treatment. Data was analysed using SPSS 27.
Results: Of the 122 patients, there were 61(50%) in each of the 2 groups; 30(49.2%) males and 31(50.8%) females with mean age 38.40±12.25 years in group EAL, and 35(57.4%) males and 26(42.6%) females with mean age 40.98±12.13 years in VAL group. In the EAL group, 57(93.4%) patients were found to be free of Helicobacter pylori infection compared to 58(95%) in the VAL group. Nausea 14(23%), bitter taste 41(67.2%), abdominal pain 16(26.2%) and headache 20(32.8%) were the adverse effects that were significantly more common in the EAL group compared to the VAL group B.
Conclusion: Vonoprazan-based triple therapy was found to be more effective with less reported adverse effects and potential benefits of better patient compliance due to shorter therapy duration.
Clinical Trial Number: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials: IRCT20221207056738N1.
Key Words: Helicobacter pylori, Eradication, Vonoprazan, Esomeprazole, Levofloxacin.
Perceived usefulness of medical teachers towards online learning using technology acceptance model
Authors: Irfan Qayyum Malik  , Iqbal Usama , Muhammad Moin  , Saima Chaudhry
Published: February 2024

Objectives: To determine medical teachers’ acceptance of and attitude towards online learning, and to gather their recommendations about how it can be incorporated in the educational system.
Method: The mixed method study was conducted at Gujranwala Medical College, Gujranwala, Pakistan, from August 2021 to January 2022, and comprised medical teachers involved in online teaching during the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic. Quantitative data was gathered using an online questionnaire based on the technology acceptance model. The qualitative component was explored through 2 focussed group discussions. Data was analysed using SPSS 25.
Results: Of the 50 teachers, 31(62%) were males and 19(38%) were females.  The overall mean age was 42.9±7.9 years, and the mean teaching experience was 10.9±7.9 years. Mean perceived usefulness score was 3.2±0.9 and the mean perceived ease of use score was 3.6±0.6. The mean scores were 3.3±0.9 for intention to use and 3.5±0.7 for attitude towards computer use. There was a strong positive correlation of perceived usefulness with intention to use and attitude towards computer use (p<0.05), while perceived ease of use and intention to use had a strong correlation with attitude towards computer use (p<0.05). There were total 12 participants in focussed group discussions; 2(16.7%) females and 10(83.3%) males with mean age 44.34±5.23 years. A total of 4 major themes were identified.
Conclusion: Majority of medical teachers strongly agreed with the acceptance of e-learning, and agreed with its perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use for online learning.
Key Words: Distance, Education, Learning, Faculty, Teachers, COVID-19.
Massive left pulmonary artery aneurysm with a co-existing patent ductus arteriosus in a five-year-old female child: a case report
Authors: Javeria Khan  , Khan Muhammad Mansoor , Zubair Brohi  , Mahwish Mahboob  , Sohail Khan Bangash
Published: February 2024

Pulmonary Artery Aneurysm (PAA), whether congenital or acquired, is a rare diagnostic finding compared to aortic aneurysms. There have been few cases where PAAs were documented as a complication of untreated Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) due to long-standing Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH). However, it is quite rare for a case of PAA to be reported with co-existing PDA without PAH. This report highlights a case of a five-year-old girl who was presented with palpitations, easy fatigability, fever, cyanosis, and vomiting. A Chest X-ray showed moderate cardiomegaly. A PDA of 6 mm was diagnosed on Transthoracic Echocardiography (TTE) and a large cavity connected with LPA raised suspicion of a possible LPA aneurysm. A Chest CT scan confirmed the diagnosis of a saccular aneurysm, originating from the distal part of the main Left Pulmonary Artery (LPA) just proximal to the point of bifurcation into lobar branches, measuring 7.5 x 6.5 cm.
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Hubungan Bertangguh Masa dalam Akademik dengan Pencapaian Akademik Murid di Sekolah Rendah
Authors: Rui Xin Teow
Published: February 2024

Masa memainkan peranan yang sangat penting dalam pembelajaran dan pencapaian akademik murid. Penangguhan masa akan memberi impak yang negatif iaitu mengurangkan keberkesanan pembelajaran dan merosakkan prestasi akademik. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti hubungan antara penangguhan masa dalam konteks akademik dengan pencapaian akademik yang cemerlang dalam kalangan murid. Reka bentuk kajian ini adalah secara kuantitatif yang melibatkan 242 orang murid di empat buah sekolah rendah Cina (SJKC). Dapatan kajian dianalisis menggunakan perisian Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versi 27. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tahap penangguhan masa dan pencapaian Bahasa Cina. Satu cadangan kajian lanjutan adalah untuk mengkaji keberkesanan program pembangunan kemahiran pengurusan masa dan penggunaan teknologi dalam mengatasi masalah penangguhan masa di kalangan murid.
CRIMINOLOGICAL ASPECT OF CRIMINAL BANKRUPTCY
Authors: Deryagina Svetlana V. , Mayorov Andrey V.
Published: February 2024

One of the types of crimes in the economic sphere is criminal bankruptcy, which is
committed under the influence of mercenary-economic motivation within the framework of legal economic activity and contrary to Russian legislation, violating the economic interests of the state and pursuing financially illegal goals. Considering the criminological aspect of criminal bankruptcies the authors analyzed the level of crime in this sphere, and also revealed the main causes and conditions of committing crimes under Art. 195-197 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Analyzing the statistics from 2004 to 2021 in Russia in comparison with regional indicators (Kirov region, Udmurt Republic, Perm region, Sverdlovsk region) of crime, conclusions are drawn about the need to improve measures to prevent criminal bankruptcies. The ways to optimize the fight against criminal bankruptcies are proposed, taking into account the specifics of the measures, which in the financial and economic crisis situation will allow the debtor to improve its solvency and reduce the level of crimes under consideration. The system of measures of prevention of criminal bankruptcies including measures of general (measures of economic, socio-political and legal character) and special character (measures of criminal-legal, organizational and operativesearch character) is presented.
ON THE USE OF THE EXPERIENCE IN THE PERFORMANCE OF SERVICE AND COMBAT TASK BY THE TROOPS OF THE NKVD OF THE USSR IN THE YEARS OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR IN THE ACTIVITIES OF THE TROOPS OF THE NATIONAL GUARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Butov Sergey V. , Sibgatullin Farkhad S.
Published: February 2024

The article deals with the service and combat activities of the troops of the NKVD of the
USSR during the Great Patriotic War. The authors of the article note that the NKVD troops made a significant contribution to the overall victory of the Soviet people over fascism in the Great Patriotic War. The article analyzes the organizational structure of the troops of the NKVD of the USSR, their legal status, the tasks performed, shows the shortcomings in the organization of the activities of these troops, which significantly affect the effectiveness of their service and combat use.
The article also notes that the recruitment of barrage detachments was carried out not by the military personnel of the NKVD of the USSR, but at the expense of the Red Army, the troops of the NKVD of the USSR during the Great Patriotic War performed both internal and external functions of the Soviet state, which were expressed in the fight against banditry, desertion and crime in the rear of the fronts of the active army, as well as in direct participation in hostilities with the Nazi invaders.
The authors come to the conclusion that the positive experience of the service and combat use of the troops of the NKVD of the USSR must be used in the conditions of modern reality in the practical activities of state law enforcement and military bodies, establishing a legal status corresponding to their purpose.