bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Food and Tourism Development. European Mountain Series Analysis (3)
Authors: Covaci Brindusa , Rey Radu , Covaci Mihai , Antonescu Daniela , Catuna Carmen
Published: February 2025

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the development of mountain entrepreneurship within the food and tourism sectors, contributing to the body of research dedicated to the evolution of mountain businesses in Europe. The investigation focused on the available mountain entrepreneurship indicators from the Eurostat database, covering a sample of 15 European countries: Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, and Sweden. Through statistical methods, the countries analyzed were integrated into common models, allowing for the derivation of conclusions that are representative of European mountain entrepreneurship. The results indicate a stable and sustainable mountain entrepreneurial environment, with positive implications for both the food and tourism sectors, reflecting a favorable trend within European business contexts. This analysis highlights the growth and strengthening potential of mountain entrepreneurship, providing an empirical foundation for future policies and strategies in the field.
Unveiling the Influence of Senior Sailors’ Transformational Leadership on Junior Sailors’ Work Commitment and Efficiency
Authors: Manta Otilia , Hysa Eglantina , Deshapriya N.L. S , Wickramaratne W.P.R
Published: February 2025

We proposed a moderation of transformational leadership based on the theoretical underpinning of Meyer, Becker, and Vandenberghe to address why the relationship between organizational commitment and employee efficiency varies. A sample of 163 junior sailors in the Sri Lanka Navy responded to a survey. The findings reported that the affective and normative commitment of junior sailors was positively associated with their work efficiency. However, the study did not report a significant relationship between senior sailors’ transformational leadership and junior sailors’ work efficiency and a moderating effect of the relationship between junior sailors’ organizational commitment and work efficiency. Given the significant roles of both affective and normative components of commitment, the study provides valuable insights into how to increase the work efficiency of junior sailors in the Navy. The absence of a moderating role of transformational leadership between junior sailors’ commitment and work efficiency reflects the context-specific nature of transformational leadership.
Comparative Analysis of the ELISIO-HX and Xevonta-Hi Dialyzers in Standard Hemodialysis
Authors: Villacorta Linaza Blanca , Román Cabezas Mario , Sánchez-Pozo María Cristina , Alcaide Lara María Paz , Cabra-Rodríguez Rocío , Toro Prieto Francisco Javier
Published: February 2025

As chronic kidney disease (CKD) prevalence rises, optimizing hemodialysis remains essential. While online hemodiafiltration (OL-HDF) is the gold standard, expanded hemodialysis (HDx) i.e. using high-performance dialyzers in standard hemodialysis, remains the most common clinical practice. Medium-cutoff (MCO) membranes aim to enhance middle-molecule removal while preserving protein selectivity, although most studies evaluate them in OL-HDF. To this end, this study aims to compare the Xevonta-Hi (B. Braun), a high-flux (HF) polysulfone dialyzer, and the ELISIO-HX (Nipro), an MCO polyethersulfone dialyzer, in standard hemodialysis. In a prospective, observational study, seven stable patients sequentially received treatment with each dialyzer over four weeks. Pre- and post-dialysis levels of small and middle uremic molecules and inflammatory markers—including procalcitonin, prolactin, serum amyloid A, placental growth factor, interleukin-6, haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin, transferrin, prealbumin, and C-reactive protein—were measured. Both dialyzers demonstrated excellent clearance of small and middle molecules with no significant differences in efficacy. Albumin and total protein losses remained minimal. Moderate reductions in serum amyloid A, placental growth factor, and interleukin-6 were observed, while no significant reductions occurred in the remaining inflammatory markers. These findings support the safety and effectiveness of both MCO and HF dialyzers in standard hemodialysis.
Self-Interacting Gravitational Exciton Condensates from Extra-Dimensional Stabilization
Authors: Singh Swapnil
Published: February 2025

We present a comprehensive study of gravitational exciton dynamics arising from higher-dimensional theories, with a focus on establishing a robust effective framework that incorporates self-interactions, higher-derivative corrections, and quantum effects. Starting from a \( D \)-dimensional Einstein--Hilbert action on a warped product manifold, we perform a systematic dimensional reduction to obtain a four-dimensional effective action in the Einstein frame. Our formulation extends the classical potential by including self-interacting moduli fields and RG-improved parameters via the Coleman--Weinberg mechanism, thereby accounting for both matter and graviton loop corrections. The resulting renormalization group flow modifies the effective mass and coupling constants, which in turn plays a critical role in moduli stabilization and the low-energy phenomenology.Taking the non-relativistic limit, we derive a Gross--Pitaevskii equation that governs the dynamics of the gravitational exciton condensate, and couple it self-consistently with Poisson’s equation to capture gravitational backreaction. Through both variational and numerical analyses, we obtain stationary solutions in spherically symmetric, rotating, and anisotropic configurations, and perform a linear stability analysis using the Bogoliubov--de Gennes formalism. Our results reveal a Bogoliubov dispersion relation that exhibits a phonon-like linear regime at low momenta, transitioning to quadratic free-particle behavior at high momenta.
One-shot Autoregressive Generation of Combinatorial Optimization Solutions based on the Large Language Model Architecture and Learning Algorithms
Authors: Ghimire Bishad , Mahmood Ausif , Elleithy Khaled
Published: February 2025

Large Language Models (LLMs) have immensely advanced the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) with recent models being able to perform chain of thought reasoning and solve complex mathematical problems ranging from theorem proving to ones involving advanced calculus. The success of the LLMs derives from a combination of the Transformer architecture with its attention mechanism, the autoregressive training methodology with masked attention, and the alignment finetuning via reinforcement learning algorithms. In this research, we attempt to explore a possible solution to the fundamental NP-hard problem of combinatorial optimization, in particular the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP), by following the LLM approach in terms of architecture and the training algorithms. Similar to the LLM design, which is trained in an autoregressive manner to predict the next token, our model is trained to predict the next-node in a TSP graph. After the model is trained on random TSP graphs with known near-optimal solutions, we fine tune the model using Direct Preference Optimization (DPO). The tour generation in a trained model is autoregressive one step generation with no need for iterative refinement. Our results are very promising and indicate that for TSP graphs, for up to 100 nodes, a reasonably small amount of training data yields solutions within a few percent of the optimal. This optimization improves if more data is used to train the model.
Factors, Associated with Mortality in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Rubanenko Olesya , Rubanenko Anatoly , Skripnik Inna , Matyukhina Kristina , Davydkin Igor , Duplyakov Dmitry
Published: February 2025

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is one of the leading causes of mortality. Many factors may influence the risk of mortality in patients with CHF. Therefore, predictors of mortality in patients with CHF should be clarified. Aim of the study was to determine predictors of unfavorable prognosis in patients with CHF. Methods. 591 patients (median age 71.0 (64.0-80.0) years, 339 (57.4%) men) with CHF were enrolled into the “Samara Region Registry of CHF” during 1-month period in 2022 at 60 centers. The follow-up period was 18 months. During follow-up period 198 (33.5%) patients died. Results. Prognostic factors associated with mortality in patients with CHF according to the results of multivariate analysis were age (OR 1.034, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.018-1.051, p<0.001), LVEF < 40% (OR 1.381, 95% CI 1.014-1.880, p=0.040), NYHA IV class (OR 1.932, 95% CI 1.354-2.757), p<0.001), oxygen therapy at outpatients (OR 2.668, 95% CI 1.482-4.802, p=0.001), in-hospital inotropic therapy (OR 1.463, 95% CI 0.972-2.201, p=0.068), ascites (OR 1.543, 95% CI 0.982-2.425, p=0.06), gender (male) (OR 1.354, 95% CI 0.971-1.887, p=0.074). Previous cardiovascular surgery had an inverse relationship with the probability of death (OR 0.481, 95% CI 0.322-0.718, p<0.001). Conclusions. Predictors of mortality in patients with CHF during 18-months follow-up were age, LVEF<40%, NYHA IV class of CHF, oxygen therapy in outpatient, in-hospital inotropic therapy, ascites and male gender. Previous cardiovascular surgery had favourable effect on mortality in these patients.
The Definition of the Longitudinal Accelerations on Board the Ship According to the Energy Wave Criterion (EWC)
Authors: Kanifolskyi Oleksandr , Ruggiero Valerio
Published: February 2025

The article offers a solution to the current problem of determining the values of longitudinal accelerations acting on the ship when it encounters a wave. There is insufficient information on the values of this quantity in existing published works. In some IMO documents, the data obtained by research are given and proposed for calculating the strength of the means for securing the cargo on the ship. It became necessary to create a theoretical basis for calculations of this type and calculations related to the effect on the physiological state of the crew of these accelerations and ensuring the strength of ship structures. It is proposed to calculate the longitudinal accelerations using a new formula for calculating the longitudinal force. This formula is derived after analysing the expression for the Energy Wave Criterion (EWC), which is based on the ratio of the total wave energy to the vessel's kinetic energy. The total wave energy is calculated by representing the wave profile as a trochoid. The similarity of the Energy Wave Criterion and Newton's criterion was revealed. For different ratios of length and height of the wave, the values of longitudinal accelerations were calculated and a comparison of these values with the results obtained by research was carried out.
Do the -SF5 Groups Improve the Explosive Properties of Fluo-Rine-Containing Compounds?
Authors: Tamuliene Jelena , Sarlauskas Jonas
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we present our investigations on the detonation performance and stability variations caused by replacing the -CF₃ or -OCF₃ group with -SF₅. The widely adopted DFT B3LYP/cc-pVTZ approach was employed to evaluate the HOMO-LUMO gap, cohesive energy, chemical hardness, and electronegativity. Based on these parameters, we predict the chemical and thermal stability changes resulting from the inclusion of -SF₅ instead of -CF₃ or -OCF₃. Our results indicate that, in some cases, the density of fluorine-containing nitro compounds decreases due to the presence of the pentafluorosulfanyl group. Additionally, machine learning techniques were used to determine the detonation pressure and velocity of fluorine-sulfur-containing compounds. Our findings suggest that fluorine-containing nitro compounds exhibit better detonation performance and stability than fluorine-sulfur-containing ones. Overall, the pentafluorosulfanyl group inclusion to aromativ polynitro compounds could not improve either stability or detonation properties such as -CF3 or -OCF3 groups.
Salinity-Induced VOC Modulation and Physiological Adaptations in Adenosma indiana
Authors: Manasathien Jinnawat , Laojinda Woraporn , Khanema Piyanut
Published: February 2025

Saline environments shape plant metabolism, driving ecological and biochemical adaptations. This study investigated the impact of salinity on Adenosma indiana (Indian scent-wort), a medicinal herb known for its volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, to elucidate its adaptive strategies. During the flowering stage, samples were collected from four saline microhabitats in Kalasin Province, Thailand. We analyzed soil properties, plant growth, photosynthetic pigments, compatible solutes (anthocyanins, proline, total sugars), and ion concentrations (K, Na, Ca, Mg) across different tissues. Results showed that A. indiana maintained stable growth while enhancing chlorophyll and β-carotene levels under increasing salinity. GC-MS identified 47 VOCs, including 3-cyclopenten-1-one (first reported in this species) and β-bisabolene, both strongly linked to soil salinity. In low-salinity soils, leaves accumulated high sodium, inducing osmoprotectants (proline, total sugars) and VOCs (D-limonene, α-pinene, terpinolene, 1-octen-3-ol) in peltate glandular trichomes. Conversely, in high-salinity soils, lower leaf sodium levels were associated with increased β-bisabolene and β-caryophyllene production, suggesting distinct biochemical pathways. These findings reveal salinity-driven VOC modulation in A. indiana, highlighting its adaptive potential for medicinal applications in saline environments and its role as a source of salt-tolerant bioactive compounds.
Effects of the Doping of La and Ce in the Pt/B-TiO2 Catalyst in Selective Oxidation Reaction of Glycerol
Authors: Wang Zhihui , Zhang Xueqiong , Hai Bo , Zhang Hao , Ding Lijun
Published: February 2025

The increased production of biodiesel results in a corresponding rise in the production of glycerol (GLY) as a by-product. The selective oxidation of glycerol can yield relatively simple products under mild reaction conditions, offering high added value and positioning it as one of the most promising methods for industrialization. In this study, we employed black titanium dioxide (B-TiO2) as a support and deposited platinum (Pt) to create a noble metal-supported catalyst. Lanthanum (La) or cerium (Ce) was doped into B-TiO2 to enhance the concentration of oxygen vacancies in the support, thereby improving catalyst activity. Throughout the research process, we also investigated the impact of varying amounts of La or Ce doping on catalyst performance. Analysis of the catalytic experimental data revealed that Pt/30%Ce-B-TiO2 exhibited the highest catalytic performance. Structural analysis of the catalysts showed that the synergistic effect between Pt0 and oxygen vacancies contributed to enhancing catalyst activity.
Sodium Patterns and Its Variables in a Cohort of Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants in the First 10 Days of Life
Authors: van Sas Stijn , Pace Myrna , Salaets Thomas , Laenen Annouschka , Raaijmakers Anke , Allegaert Karel
Published: February 2025

Background: Sodium regulation is critical in extremely low birth weight (ELBW, < 1000 grams) in-fants. In a recent systematic review, a sodium pattern over postnatal age and its variables (care factors, fluid regimens, maturational factors) has been summarized. However, this systematic re-view also illustrated the shortages and limitations of reported cohorts, and the need to report on additional datasets. This study therefore aims to describe the postnatal sodium patterns and its variables in a cohort of ELBW neonates in their first 10 days of life. Methods: Data on 1704 serum sodium observations in the first 10 days of life from 211 ELBW infants admitted to a single neonatal intensive care unit were available to explore associations between serum sodium and perinatal variables. Multivariate linear models with sodium as response variable and postnatal day as factor were hereby applied. Baseline and treatment characteristics were included as variables, applying an unstructured covariance matrix to account for the longitudinal data. Results: Gestational age, birth weight, and length, showed variable correlations with serum sodium concentrations over postnatal age. Interesting, the analysis on sodium patterns in this ELBW cohort also revealed significant as-sociations between prenatal betamethasone use, delivery mode, ibuprofen, or the use of inotropics and the postnatal serum sodium concentrations patterns. Multivariate analyses confirmed that gestational age and birth weight independently impacted sodium concentration patterns, and that ibuprofen use remained a significant variable after adjusting for these variables. Conclusions: Gestational age and birth weight complexities emphasize the need for nuanced understanding and standardized methodologies. Sodium patterns in the current ELBW cohort provide support for previously published sodium reference patterns in this population. New variables associated with sodium levels include ibuprofen administration, and the use of inotropic agents.
AI, Digital Humanities, and the Legacies of Colonial Power
Authors: Karpouzis Kostas
Published: February 2025

This paper examines the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on digital humanities through a colonial lens, analyzing how AI can both reinforce and challenge colonial power dynamics. AI tools in digital humanities, such as text mining and language preservation, often perpetuate Western epistemologies and marginalize non-Western perspectives due to biases in data and algorithms. Using case studies, such as the Slave Voyages database and indigenous language preservation projects, this paper highlights AI’s dual role as both a potential perpetuator of colonial legacies and a tool for decolonization. It recommends inclusive AI design, community-driven data governance, and the integration of alternative epistemologies to mitigate AI’s colonial biases and promote more equitable knowledge production.
Weizmannia coagulans BC99 Improve Cognitive Impairment Induced by Chronic Sleep Deprivation via Inhibiting the Brain and Intestine’s NLRP3 Inflammasome
Authors: Sun Qiaoqiao , Fan Jiajia , Zhao Lina , Qu Zhen , Dong Yao , Wu Ying , Gu Shaobin
Published: February 2025

The consequences of chronic sleep deprivation include memory deficits and gastrointestinal dysfunction. Studies suggest that gut microbiota plays a causal role in cognitive impairment induced by chronic sleep deprivation, but the working mechanism of the microbiota-gut-brain axis remains unclear. In this study, a chronic sleep deprivation cognitive impairment model was established by sleep deprivation instrument, and Weizmannia coagulans BC99 was given by gavage for 4 weeks. BC99 improved cognitive abnormalities in novel object recognition tests induced by chronic sleep deprivation and showed behavior related to spatial memory in the Morris water maze test. W. coagulans BC99 reduced the heart mass index of sleep-deprived mice, increased the sleep-related neurotransmitters 5-HT and DA, decreased corticosterone and norepinephrine, and increased alpha diversity and community similarity. It reduced the abundance of harmful bacteria such as Olsenella, increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, and promoted the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). W. coagulansBC99 also inhibits LPS translocation and the elevation of peripheral inflammatory factors by maintaining the integrity of the intestinal barrier and inhibiting the expression of the NLRP3 signaling pathway in the jejunum, thereby inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome in the brain of mice and reducing inflammatory factors in the brain, providing a favorable environment for the recovery of cognitive function. The present study confirmed that W. coagulans BC99 ameliorated cognitive impairment in chronic sleep-deprived mice by improving gut microbiota, especially by promoting SCFAs production and inhibiting the NLRP3 signaling pathway in the jejunum and brain. These findings may help guide the treatment of insomnia or other sleep disorders through dietary strategies.
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection and HLA Variations in a Greek Population
Authors: Myserli Evangelia , Goulis Ioannis , Fylaktou Asimina , Exindari Maria , Minti Fani , Chatzika Georgia , Iliopoulou Eleni , Agorastou Polyxeni , Papagiouvanni Ioanna , Oikonomou Theodora , Gioula Georgia
Published: February 2025

Chronic hepatitis B is linked with considerable liver-related morbidity and mortality globally. Human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) polymorphisms affect the susceptibility and outcome of many immune-mediated diseases and infections. Our aim was to study HLA alleles' impact on HVB-infected individuals in a Greek population. 107 patients with chronic HBV infection (cHBV group) and 101 with spontaneous clearance  (SC-group) of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) were genotyped for HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, HLA-DRB1, and HLA-DQB1 loci by single-specific primer polymerase chain reaction (PCR-SSP). The HLA alleles' frequencies were compared between the two patients’ groups and healthy individuals from the North Greece Bone Marrow Donor Registry (14506 samples). We found a significantly increased frequency of HLA-C*01 and HLA-DRB1*16 alleles in cHBV group versus SC-group. HLA-A*01, HLA-B*08, HLA-C*01, HLA-C*08, HLA-DRB1*03, and HLA-DQB1*05 alleles frequencies were significantly higher in cHBV patients versus healthy individuals, while allele HLA-B*38 frequency was significantly lower. Our study showed an association of specific HLA alleles with either susceptibility or protection against chronic HBV infection.
Genome-Wide Association Study of Dyslexia: A Comprehensive Machine Learning Pipeline Achieving Over 98% Accuracy
Authors: Fink Nora Alice , Fink Michael
Published: February 2025

Dyslexia affects approximately 10% of children worldwide, hindering the development of critical reading and writing skills. Although heritability estimates for dyslexia reach up to 70%, the identification of robust genetic markers has proven challenging. Recent advances in large-scale genomic data generation and sophisticated machine learning (ML) algorithms have enabled deeper exploration of genotype–phenotype relationships. In this study, we investigated a curated dataset of the top 10,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with dyslexia from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) performed by 23andMe. We aimed to classify SNPs into those reaching genome-wide significance (p < 5×10^(-8)) versus those not meeting this threshold. Our novel pipeline combined three supervised ML algorithms—Logistic Regression, XGBoost, and CatBoost—augmented by robust hyperparameter tuning. We achieved a test-set accuracy of up to 98.5%, with an accompanying Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC) of 0.9987 using XGBoost. We further integrated unsupervised clustering via Agglomerative Clustering and dimensionality reduction through Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) to assess the structure of the data, revealing a moderate silhouette score of 0.2069. These findings suggest that machine learning approaches can significantly enhance the identification of genetic architectures in dyslexia-related datasets.
Mdm2-Mediated Ubiquitination Plays a Pivotal Role in Differentiating the Endocytic Roles of GRK2 and Arrestin3
Authors: Wang Shujie , Kundu Dooti , Zhang Xiaohan , Tian Xinru , Kim Kyeong-Man
Published: February 2025

Upon activation of certain G protein-coupled receptors, Mdm2 promotes the ubiquitination of both GRK2 and arrestin3. Similar to arrestin3, GRK2 ubiquitination was associated with its endocytic activity and proteasomal degradation. Ubiquitination of GRK2 was essential for arrestin3 ubiquitination, and vice versa. Cellular components involved in arrestin3 ubiquitination, including Gβγ, clathrin, and 14-3-3η, were also necessary for GRK2 ubiquitination. Additionally, the arrestin-biased signaling pathway contributed to the ubiquitination of both GRK2 and arrestin3. Using Mdm2-knockdown cells, GRK2 and arrestin3 mutants lacking ubiquitination sites, and receptors deficient in phosphorylation sites, we demonstrated that ubiquitinated GRK2/arrestin3, non-ubiquitinated GRK2, and non-ubiquitinated arrestin3 mediate clathrin-dependent, caveolar, and a third distinct endocytic pathway, respectively. In the context of clathrin-mediated endocytosis, arrestin3’s interaction with clathrin and GRK2’s interaction with the β2-adaptin subunit of adaptor protein complex 2 were critical. These findings suggest that GRK2 and arrestin3 ubiquitination are mutually dependent, with their ubiquitination states determining their roles in distinct endocytic pathways.
Mobile Mapping Approach to Apply Innovative Approaches for Real Estate Assets Management: A Case Study
Authors: Vassena Giorgio Paolo Maria
Published: February 2025

Technological development has strongly impacted all processes related to the design, construction, and management of real estate assets. In fact, the introduction of design procedures using a BIM approach has required the application of three-dimensional survey technologies, and in particular the use of LiDAR instruments, both in its static (TLS – Terrestrial Laser Scanner) and dynamic (iMMS – indoor Mobile Mapping System) implementations. Operators and developers of LiDAR technologies, for the implementation of scan-to-BIM procedures, initially placed special care and attention on the 3D sensing accuracies obtainable from such tools. The incorporation of RGB colorimetric data into these instruments has progressively expanded LiDAR-based applications from essential topographic surveying to geospatial applications, where the emphasis is no longer on accurate three-dimensional reconstruction of buildings, but on the capability to create three-dimensional images based visualizations, as Virtual Tours, which allow to recognize the assets located in every area of the buildings. Although much has been written about obtaining the best possible accuracies for extensive asset surveying of large-scale building complexes using iMMS systems, it is now essential to develop and define suitable procedures controlling such kinds of surveying, targeted at specifically geospatial applications. We especially address the design, field acquisition, quality control, and mass data management techniques that might be used in such complex environments. This work attempts to contribute in this sense by defining the technical specifications for the implementation of geospatial mapping of vast asset survey activities involving significant building sites utilizing iMMS instrumentation. Three-dimensional models can also facilitate virtual tours, enable local measurements inside rooms, and particularly support the subsequent integration of self-locating pictures based technologies, that can efficiently perform field updates of surveyed databases.
Technically Competent but Interpersonally Deficient: The Organizational Risks Linked to Skilled Professionals' Social Shortcomings
Authors: Frimpong Victor
Published: February 2025

High-performing employees are often prioritized in hiring due to their technical skills, which enhance productivity and innovation. However, those lacking strong interpersonal skills can create poor team dynamics, ineffective leadership, and a toxic work environment. While research has heavily focused on technical proficiency, the risks associated with interpersonal shortcomings in skilled professionals require attention. This study examines the impact of social ineptitude in the workplace and recommends strategies to mitigate its effects. Using case examples, we analyze how interpersonal deficiencies affect workplace performance, employee satisfaction, and leadership effectiveness. The findings indicate that while technically proficient employees contribute significantly to task completion, their communication and emotional intelligence challenges often lead to team conflicts and reduced innovation. Organizations that adopt targeted interventions—like emotional intelligence training and mentorship programs—tend to see improved team cohesion and productivity. Addressing interpersonal deficiencies is crucial for creating a balanced workforce where technical skills and social competence are valued, ultimately enhancing organizational success.
Integrated Metagenomic and LC-MS/MS Analysis Reveal the Biogenic Amine-Producing Strains in Two Typical Types of Chinese Traditional Fish Products: Fermented Mandarin Fish (Siniperca chuatsi) and Semi-Dried Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys crocea)
Authors: Zhang Xuan , Chi Hai , Peng Di , Jiang Mei , Wang Cuihua , Zhang Haiyan , Kang Wei , Li Lei
Published: February 2025

Two typical types of fish products including fermented mandarin fish and semi-dried yellow croaker are associated with biogenic amines (BAs), which are harmful to human health. The objective of this study was to investigate the bacterial ecology in the two fish products and to research its capacity of BAs-producing. PUT and CAD were major BAs detected in fish products. Concentrations of BAs were significantly corrected with microbial count (P < 0.05). BA-producing isolates (31) in two fish products were all multiple BAs producers. Several of them including Lactobacillus sakei, Bacillus cereus and Hafnia alvei isolated from fermented mandarin fish, as well as Shewanella baltica, Aeromonas veronii, and Photobacterium phosphoreum isolated from semi-dried yellow croaker showed a remarkable BA-producing capacity. Hafnia alvei produced the most abundant of CAD, PUT, TYR and 2-PHE. Lactobacillus sakei mainly produced TRY and PUT. Photobacterium phosphoreum showed the strongest HIS producing capacity.
Recent Advances in Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks: A Comprehensive Review of Energy Management and Charging Strategies
Authors: Adjei Emmanuel Asante , Abdul-Salaam Gaddafi
Published: February 2025

Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks (WRSNs) have emerged as a sustainable solution to the energy limitations of traditional Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). By integrating Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) technologies, WRSNs enable continuous energy replenishment, enhancing operational longevity and efficiency. However, challenges in energy management, charging strategies, and scalability persist. This review systematically examines recent advancements in WRSN energy management, focusing on state-of-the-art methodologies such as Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL), Fuzzy Logic, metaheuristic optimisation, and UAV-assisted charging. A novel taxonomy is proposed to categorise charging strategies based on mechanisms, optimisation techniques, energy sources, and application domains. The review highlights key trends, including multi-agent UAV coordination, hybrid charging schemes, and decentralised energy optimisation. A comparative analysis evaluates the trade-offs in efficiency, scalability, and feasibility of existing approaches. Critical challenges such as computational overhead, real-world deployment feasibility, and scalability constraints are identified. The study underscores the need for adaptive scheduling mechanisms, intelligent energy management frameworks, and empirical validation to bridge the gap between simulations and practical implementation. Future research directions include sustainable charging solutions, enhanced scalability, and robust optimisation techniques to improve network reliability and efficiency in large-scale WRSN deployments.
Antibacterial Properties of Polymeric Membranes Containing Doxycycline for Potential Applications in Foot Ulcers Treatment
Authors: Pérez-Gutiérrez Stevaly , Ramírez-Enciso Jesús Ángel , Pazos-Rojas Laura Abisai , Flores-Ledesma Abigailt , Reyes-Cervantes Eric , Pazos-Guarneros Diana del C. , Juárez-Díaz Ismael , Gordillo-Guerra Paola G. , Cerda-Cristerna Bernardino Isaac , Suárez-Franco José Luis , Samano-Valencia Carolina , Castillo-Silva Brenda Erendida , Martínez-Guerrero Alejandro G , de Celis-Quintana Gisela N. Rubin , Jerezano-Domínguez Alberto V.
Published: February 2025

Membranes made from biopolymers and loaded with doxycycline were investigated for potential use in the treatment of foot ulcers in diabetic patients. Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and chitosan (CHS) membranes were fabricated with 7% glycerol and 1% doxycy-cline (DOX). The mechanical and physical properties, biocompatibility, and antimicrobial effects were thoroughly evaluated. The results demonstrated effective antibacterial activity against S. aureus and S. mutans. Based on the mechanical, physical, and hemolytic data, DOX-loaded CMC/CHS/G membranes show promise as a topical wound delivery system.
Evaluation of Film-Forming Solution Based on Cassava Starch (Manihot esculenta Crantz) and Xylitol: Study of the Stability of the Black Pepper Coating (Piper nigrum L.)
Authors: Lago Gleice Vasconcelos Pereira do , Pereira Glauce Vasconcelos da Silva , Queiroz Nian Iury Ferrão , do Rego José de Arimatéia Rodrigues , Uesugi Maria de Nazaré Maciel , Martins Luiza Helena da Silva , Ferreira Nelson Rosa , Brasil Davi do Socorro Barros
Published: February 2025

Due to the problematic export of black pepper, such as microbiological contaminants, the objective was to develop biodegradable films as a protective film on the seeds. Film-forming solutions (FFS) for coating and cassava starch (CS) and starch and xylitol (CX) films were produced. The technological properties were performed on the films: thickness, water vapor permeability (WVP), solubility, tensile strength (TS), and elongation (%). To monitor the efficiency of the coating, the shelf life of the control (CP- uncoated) and coated (RP) peppers was evaluated regarding moisture (%), water activity (aw), mass loss (ML%), apparent and real specific mass (g/ml), porosity (%), weight of a thousand seeds (g), color analysis and microbiological analysis. The CX film showed no difference (p ≤ 0.05) in thickness, and presented higher values (p ≤ 0.05) of WVP, solubility, and elongation (%) compared to the CS film. The peppers presented a microbiological standard established by current legislation. The RP presented lower (p ≤ 0.05) moisture gain and aw, lower porosity values, thousand seed weight, and ML (%) compared to the CP, demonstrating the positive contribution of the starch and xylitol film in the coating process.
Uncertainty-Aware δ-GLMB Filtering for Multi-Target Tracking
Authors: Sepanj M. Hadi , Moradi Saed , Azimifar Zohreh , Fieguth Paul
Published: February 2025

The δ-GLMB filter is an analytic solution to the multi-target Bayes recursion using in multi-target tracking. Theoretically, the δ-GLMB filter handles uncertainties in measurements in its filtering procedure. However, in practice, degeneration of the measurement quality affects the performance of this filter. In this paper, we will discuss the effects of increasing measurement uncertainty on δ-GLMB filter and also will propose two heuristic methods to improve the performance of the filter in such conditions. The base idea of proposed methods is to utilize the information stored in the history of the filtering procedure, which can be used to decrease the measurements uncertainty effects on the filter. Since the GLMB filters have shown good results in the field of multi-target tracking, an uncertain immune δ-GLMB can play as a strong tool for this area. In this study, the results indicate that the proposed heuristic ideas can improve the performance of the filtering in presence of uncertain observations.
Visualizer Cognitive Style Modulates the Role of Object-based Attention in Retaining Bindings in Visual Working Memory
Authors: Li Runze , Wei Fengling , Hyönä Jukka , Zhang Qian , Li Shouxin
Published: February 2025

The role of object-based attention in retaining bindings in visual working memory (VWM) has received persistent focus. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. By using the Chinese revised version of the Object-Spatial Imagery Questionnaire, participants were divided into object visualizers (OVs) and spatial visualizers (SVs). We explored whether the visualizer cognitive style modulates the role of object-based attention in bindings VWM through three experiments. The results showed that, compared with SVs, OVs had an advantage in maintaining bindings and had larger cost of the object-based attention. Event-related potentials results showed that for OVs, the P2 during binding VWM encoding was reduced and the late positive component (LPC) during the secondary task performing was enhanced when the object-based attention was consumed, while the P2 and the LPC were not affected for SVs. These findings suggest that the object-based attentional investment in holding bindings in VWM is modulated by the visualizer cognitive style, with OVs having a larger investment compared with SVs. The mechanism underlying this modulation is based on the allocation of on-demand resources to meet the task requirements. The theory of object-based attention in retaining bindings in VWM is further elucidated as an on-demand resources when allocating such attention.
Visualizer Cognitive Style Modulates the Role of Object-Based Attention in Retaining Bindings in Visual Working Memory
Authors: Li Runze , Wei Fengling , Hyönä Jukka , Zhang Qian , Li Shouxin
Published: February 2025

The aim of this study is to investigate how the visualizer cognitive style modulates the role of object-based attention in bindings visual working memory (VWM). We explored this question in three experiments. By using the Chinese revised version of the Object-Spatial Imagery Questionnaire, participants were divided into object visualizers (OVs) and spatial visualizers (SVs). The dual-task paradigm was adopted, participants were introduced to complete the binding VWM task, while a secondary task which consumed object-based attention was inserted. Our results showed that, compared with SVs, OVs had an advantage in maintaining bindings and had larger cost of the object-based attention. Event-related potentials results showed that for OVs, the P2 during binding VWM encoding was reduced and the late positive component (LPC) during the secondary task performing was enhanced when the object-based attention was consumed, while the P2 and the LPC were not affected for SVs. These findings suggest that the object-based attentional investment in holding bindings in VWM is modulated by the visualizer cognitive style, with OVs having a larger investment compared with SVs. The mechanism underlying this modulation is based on the allocation of on-demand resources to meet the task requirements. The theory of object-based attention in retaining bindings in VWM is further elucidated as an on-demand resources when allocating such attention.
Victims of Nasty Rhetoric in Swedish Climate Politics
Authors: von Malmborg Fredrik
Published: February 2025

Hate speech with racist, religious and misogynist motives is well-known, but hate speech and related crimes have increased also in climate politics over the past five years. It is used by right-wing and far-right populist political leaders to polarise climate politics, mobilising ingroup followers, and denigrating and delegitimising outgroup advocates of strong climate policy criticising a radical deterioration of climate policy as climate deniers gain powers. Crime victim discourse is gaining greater prominence in political and public debates since it can affect rationales for punishment, equality before the law, and other legal safeguards. This paper add knowledge to such debates by exploring and theorising, with Swedish climate politics as a case, how nasty rhetoric is perceived by the victims among climate scientists, climate journalists and climate activists and what it does to them, emotionally and behaviourally. Based on qualitative analysis of secondary data from written and audio-visual media, combined with interviews with victims, it is found that climate scientists and climate journalists are victimised as persons for what they do professionally. They report fear of being followed, insecurity and angst, making them withdraw from public debate, change research subject or change job. In comparison, climate activists are victimised twice for their political opinions and actions, first as a group by hate speech, then personally by state repression for alleged criminal acts. Contrary to previous research on hate crime victims, climate activists desensitise the content of hate speech and rather get scared and angry from the message effect of hate speech by top politicians, legitimising collective hate speech and inciting hate crime. However, secondary victimisation makes some activists react with fear of crime and choose to revert to more friendly actions. But core group activists react with anger and plan new actions. In all, the results show the importance of analysing crime victim discourses to avoid lumping victims together in public and policy debates on how to curb hate speech and hate crime, as well as to handle victims.
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning: Diagnosis, Prognostic Factors, Treatment Strategies, and Future Innovations
Authors: Afzal Mohd , Agarwal Shagun , Elshaikh Rabab H. , Babker Asaad MA , Choudhary Ranjay Kumar , Prabhakar Pranav Kumar , Zahir Farhana , Sah Ashok Kumar
Published: February 2025

Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is a significant public health issue, with diagnosis often complicated by nonspecific symptoms and limited access to specialized tools. Early detection is vital for preventing long-term complications. The review examines diagnostic challenges, prognostic factors, management strategies, and future ad-vancements in CO poisoning. It highlights the limitations of current diagnostic tech-niques such as blood carboxyhemoglobin levels and pulse CO-oximetry, while explor-ing emerging methods for rapid detection. Prognosis is influenced by exposure severity and delayed treatment, which increases the risk of neurological damage. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) remains the primary treatment but is not always accessible. Advances in portable CO-oximeters and biomarkers offer potential for improved early diagnosis and monitoring. Addressing resource limitations and refining treatment protocols are crucial for better patient outcomes. Future research should focus on per-sonalized management strategies and the integration of modern technologies to en-hance care.
Selective Complexation Leaching of Cobalt Using Histidine in Alkaline Medium
Authors: Li Mengying , Wang Qingliang , Guo Weiduo , Zhao Xu , Zhang Yaolong , Zhou Xiankun , Lei Zhiwu , Zhang Yahui
Published: February 2025

For the extraction of cobalt from cobalt-rich alloy slag, ammonia was considered a lixiviant with limited environmental impact compared to acid lixiviant. However, problems such as large ammonia volatilization loss, toxic vapor emissions, and suboptimal process control were encountered during ammonia leaching. To address these issues, a new method was proposed for recovering cobalt via selective complexing leaching, where an alkaline histidine solution was utilized instead of ammonia. A high cobalt leaching rate of 99% was achieved under the following conditions: a leaching temperature of 35℃, a histidine/cobalt molar ratio of 1.5, a pH range of 6–11, a leaching duration of 6 hours, and a stirring speed of 300 rpm. In the verification test for the leaching of Cu-Co alloy slag with histidine, cobalt was almost entirely leached, while iron, lead, and copper were observed to be difficult to leach. The kinetic analysis of the cobalt leaching process revealed that electrons were donated to Co²⁺ by the amino and COO⁻ groups in histidine during the coordination reaction. This confirmed that a soluble complex, Co(C₆H₉N₃O₂)₂, was formed through coordination between histidine and Co²⁺.
Mo-W18O49/Znln2S4 Composites Synthesized by Metal Doping for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Sun Ruiqin , Liu Yue , Yang Jiamei , WuRen Tuoya , Duan Haochen , Tan Zhibing , Yu Shiyong
Published: February 2025

Utilizing two or more semiconductor materials with distinct geometric and electronic energy arrangements at the nanoscale to construct heterostructures is an important means for developing high-performance catalysts for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. In this study, ZnIn2S4 serves as the primary catalyst carrier, while Mo-W18O49 functions as the cocatalyst supported on the surface of ZnIn2S4. A series of ZnIn2S4/Mo-W18O49 heterojunction composite materials were synthesized through a straightforward hydrothermal method. The ZnIn2S4/Mo-W18O49 photocatalyst demonstrates exceptional photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity. Notably, with a Mo-W18O49 loading of 10%, the photocatalyst achieves optimal hydrogen evolution, yielding 2592.8 μmol g h-1, which is 31 times greater than that of pure ZnIn2S4. Further characterized results of the samples showed that loading Mo-W18O49 with an appropriate mass ratio on ZnIn2S4 can increase the electron transfer rate, which facilitates reducing the recombination probability of photo-generated electron and holes, thus improve hydrogen evolution efficiency.
Environmental Literacy Among the General Public in Taiwan: A Case Study of Chiayi County
Authors: Lin Su Hwa , Sah Amit Kumar , Hong Yao-ming
Published: February 2025

Environmental literacy plays a crucial role in promoting sustainable behavior and increasing public participation in environmental protection. This study investigates the environmental literacy of the general public in Chiayi County, Taiwan, focusing on five key dimensions: environmental awareness, knowledge, attitudes, action skills, and behavior. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire, with data analyzed through SPSS, including descriptive statistics, multiple regression analysis, and moderation analysis. The results indicate that while respondents demonstrate high awareness of environmental issues and positive attitudes toward sustainability, there are significant gaps in environmental knowledge and action skills. Furthermore, demographic factors such as education, age, gender, and occupation moderate the relationships between these dimensions. These findings highlight the need for targeted educational initiatives and policy interventions to bridge the gap between awareness and actual environmental behavior. This study provides empirical insights for environmental education programs, emphasizing the importance of practical skill development, community engagement, and policy-driven support. By refining environmental education strategies, Taiwan can foster a more environmentally responsible society, contributing to long-term sustainability goals.
Leveraging Maritime Cultural Heritage to Drive Smart Specialization Strategies: Fostering Innovation, Blue Economy, and Sustainable Development
Authors: Kyvelou Stella Sofia , Marava Nektaria , Ierapetritis Dimitrios G.
Published: February 2025

Internationally, there is a modern understanding of cultural heritage including Maritime/Underwater Cultural Heritage (MUCH)- not merely as a passive relic of the past, but as a transformative driver for sustainable growth and innovation. The paper discusses the position of maritime cultural heritage (MUCH) in relation to the Smart Specialization Strategies (S3) and its evolving role as a driver of sustainable growth, particularly within the context of the blue economy and smart specialization strategies (S3) in Europe. It, then, focuses on the Greek context, where UCH-driven activities, particularly soft Multi-Use (MU) activities that combine UCH, diving tourism, and nature conservation, are gaining momentum, especially within Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). Despite the growing interest, there is a lack of data, regulations, and a clear strategy for such activities, although the draft "National Spatial Strategy for the Marine Space" (issued in 2022) suggests promoting low-impact diving tourism incorporating UCH. The research paper examines the benefits and barriers to implementing UCH-driven MUs, recommending the use of Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP) to address challenges. It suggests that integrating UCH with nature conservation and diving tourism in soft MUs could support a sustainable blue economy, balancing cultural, ecological, social and economic goals, and fostering innovation through S3 on a regional level.