bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Researching Characteristics of the Interaction between Sound Waves and Water Layers with Different Thickness
Authors: Zhang Yun , Ge De
Published: April 2023

Effects of water layers of different thickness and different frequencies of sound for sound transmission intensity have been analyzed by calculations of sound waves propagating in air and water layer. The results have showed that, when water layer thickness is less than 5mm, the changes of thickness have a powerful effect on sound waves, while it is more than 5mm, there is nearly no effect with different thickness, however, frequency of sound waves play a decisive role, especially when the sound wave frequency is less than 100Hz.
Field Observation on the Spatial Characteristic of Wind-Blown Sand along the Hetian-Rouqiang Railway
Authors: Wang Jiancheng , Song Yanhng , Huang Ning
Published: April 2023

A field observation along the Hetian-Ruoqiang Railway (HRR) was carried out from July 2021 to January 2022. The spatial characteristic of wind-blown sand is subsequently obtained. For the wind field, the results show that the northeasterly wind is mainly prevalent from Ruoqiang to Qiemo during the monitoring period. The northwestly wind is mainly prevailing from Hetian to Yutian. Around Minfeng, northeasterly wind from Ruoqiang and northwesterly wind from Hetian form an airflow convergence zone here. The cumulated aeolian transport mass flux Fcm in the east section from Ruoqiang to Qiemo is larger, but a typical sand-transport spoke center arises near the right flank of Minfeng, resulting in a large Fcm in this area. These results have engineering significance for the prevention and control on wind-sand disasters along HRR.
Analysis of Water Supply in Hejin Sakura Valley Imitating Jiangnan-style Landscape
Authors: Liu Xiaoxuan
Published: April 2023

To ensure the domestic water and landscape water supply requirements of Hejin Sakura Valley Scenic Area, the water supply scheme of the artificial lake and scenic spot domestic water consumption assessment machine is optimized. Firstly, in view of the water resources situation in the area where the cherry blossom valley garden scenic spot is located, the necessity of pumping groundwater is pointed out; Secondly, combined with the basic information of hydrogeology and mountainous terrain, a scheme for pumping water supply from natural pipe wells is proposed; Finally, relying on FLAC3D software, three different pipe diameter pumping well models of 600mm, 700mm and 800mm are established, three-dimensional jet field analysis is carried out, and the optimal layout scheme of pipe diameter and position of pipe well is given. Studies have shown that the larger the well diameter, the greater the outlet flow rate, and the water output can be increased by 50~80m3/d for each 100mm tube well; The number of tube wells arranged is about 6, and it is recommended that a sufficient distance should be maintained between wells; The demand for pipe wells with different apertures varies between 1 and 2 mouths. The results of this paper can provide guidance for the construction of gardens in central China to solve the problem of water supply, and support and serve the construction of garden landscape.
Study on the Influence Mechanism of Soil Deformation Induced by Shield Tunnel Construction
Authors: Zhao Haijun , Zhang Bowei , Chen Wanchun , Dong Shuang , Liu Jie , Wu Jiongwei , Yin Qian
Published: April 2023

The construction of shield tunnel will adversely affect the surrounding soil and is prone to safety accidents. This paper focuses on the problem of soil deformation induced by shield tunnel construction. Based on the theoretical mechanics Mindlin solution, the soil deformation caused by the frontal thrust, friction force and formation loss of the shield is linearly superimposed, and the accurate calculation formula of soil deformation caused by shield is derived in time and space. Relying on the finite element software Midas GTS NX, the three-dimensional dynamic simulation of soil deformation induced by the double-line tunnel was carried out, the law of stratigraphic deformation during the construction of the double-line tunnel was obtained, and the influence mechanism of different tunnel burial depths on the surrounding soil deformation was studied. Finally, it was proved that the settlement curves of the surface and soil layer during the continuous excavation and unloading of the double-line shield tunnel were consistent with the settlement curves of the double-line Peck, and the settlement extremes of the pilot tunnel were slightly larger than those of the latter tunnel.
Design of Bridge Substructure Construction Measures Based on European Standards
Authors: Shi YA , Liu XM , Zhou JL , Xie PL , Ge LB , Geng WB
Published: April 2023

In order to solve the difficulties in the construction design of pile foundation and cushion cap of bridge substructure caused by marsh geology and tidal environment abroad, according to the European standard EN 1997, a new form of integrated design of retaining wall and cofferdam construction is creatively proposed. The whole process of structural design is studied in detail from the aspects of structural selection, determination of load and load partial coefficient, checking calculation of component design details. Taking the Brunei project as a case, the results show that the integrated design method of retaining wall and cofferdam construction can effectively improve the performance of the pile foundation of the beam substructure, meet the requirements of European standard EN 1997, and provide technical reserves for the construction of similar bridge projects abroad.
Optimization and Seismic Performance of SMA-based Negative Stiffness Isolation Device
Authors: Shao CX , Cai KH , Cao SS
Published: April 2023

The experimental results of SMA-based negative stiffness isolation device show that the SMA cables arranged around the bearing cannot slide freely. To solve this problem, an optimized SMA-based negative stiffness isolation device was proposed. Based on a continuous bridge, the seismic performance of positive stiffness, zero stiffness and negative stiffness devices is compared. The results show that the device has good energy dissipation capacity, re-centering capability and displacement-limiting capacity. Furthermore, the seismic performance of the device with stiffness is better than the device with positive or zero stiffness.
Parameters Design of Transverse Seismic Dampers for Complex Bridge Types—an Example of a Double-width Double-tower Cable-stayed Bridge
Authors: Wang YX , hu Yw , Zhang CM , wu WH , Dang XZ
Published: April 2023

Large and complex bridges usually have significant nonlinear effects. In the design of seismic and other dynamic characteristics, it is usually impossible to obtain results from simple force calculations. In this paper, taking the mechanical parameters of the complex structure of double wide double tower cable-stayed bridge as an example, a shear damper in seismic field is designed. The experimental results show that: (1) The shear type mild steel damper can improve the lateral seismic performance of cable-stayed bridges. (2) Because the double span cable-stayed bridge is connected by dampers between towers, the mechanical parameters of dampers will affect the natural structure of the bridge, and there is no obvious linear relationship between the yield force of the damper and the bending moment at the bottom of the tower.
Steel surface defect detection based on global context block
Authors: Sun Y J , Shi D W , Guo J
Published: April 2023

Steel is the most basic raw material in China’s industrial production, which plays a great role in promoting China’s industrialization process. Therefore, it is of great significance to detect defective steel and the surface quality of steel. In order to further improve the detection accuracy of steel surface defects, this paper proposes a steel surface defect detection algorithm based on global context block. In this paper, a global context module is introduced based on the UNet++ network model to achieve accurate segmentation and classification of complex steel surface defects. The results show that the improved UNet++ network model achieves a dice coefficient of 94.67% on the steel surface defect dataset provided by the Kaggle competition platform. Compared with semantic segmentation models such as UNet, LinkNet, and UNet++, the segmentation effect is more accurate. Therefore, the deep learning model based on the improved UNet++ can learn more semantic features from industrial steel images, so as to obtain more accurate steel defect information. This method can be a big help for real-world applications like defect detection in industrial images.
Study on Optimization of Cooling System for Mass Pier Column of Shenzhong Passage Non-navigable Bridge
Authors: Xu DS , Zhou T , Mao K
Published: April 2023

In this paper, the optimization layout of cooling pipes and the measured temperature field of the mass pier column for the Shenzhong Passage non-navigable bridge are carried out, and the finite element modeling software is utilized to simulate the whole construction process, and the temperature time and process model is established for simulation analysis. The results show that the measured hydration heat temperature field in the field construction meets good agreement with the simulation results. The optimized cooling pipe layout scheme saves more raw materials and elbows, and shorts the project construction period; It can realize more effective internal lowering and external protection for the construction of mass concrete structures of piers and columns, which is especially suitable for the maintenance of sea-crossing bridges in windy environmental conditions; The temperature-induced cracks are effectively controlled, which can provide a reference for similar projects.
Detection of Low Frequency Pulse Signal in LSI Based on Deep Self Coding Algorithm
Authors: Jin LW
Published: April 2023

In order to detect the pulse of LSI with high accuracy and efficiency, a new detection method of low frequency pulse signal of LSI based on deep self coding algorithm is proposed in this paper. Firstly, Radon transform is used to reduce the dimension of the time-frequency diagram of the pulse signal of the integrated circuit, and the short-time Fourier transform of the pulse signal is completed according to the Hamming window. Secondly, the principle of the depth self encoder is analyzed, and the pulse signal after the short time Fourier transform processing is input into the depth self encoder. Finally, according to the distance function, the gradient descent algorithm is used to update the parameters. Through iterative calculation, the detection of low frequency pulse signal of LSI is completed. The experimental results show that, compared with the traditional low-frequency pulse signal detection method, the detection accuracy of this method is greatly improved, up to 99.79%, and can shorten the overall detection time.
A Redis Cluster Fault Resolution Method Based on Sentinel Mechanism for IoT Management Platform
Authors: Zhu S , Yang G , Yang FL , Fang B
Published: April 2023

Redis cluster is the key component to realize device access. In order to improve the access efficiency of Redis cluster, this paper proposes a Redis cluster method with Sentinel mechanism. The core idea of this method is to add sentries to the Redis cluster and use them to monitor the operation of the Redis cluster. When the Redis cluster fails, the sentinel can realize the fault detection and fault recovery of the Redis cluster, so that the Redis cluster can operate normally. The experiment verifies the effectiveness of this method.
Virtual Test Based on Far Side Occupant Protection
Authors: Guo QX , Wang N , Tan WX , Zheng YT , Bu XB
Published: April 2023

Virtual testing is getting more and more attention in the field of vehicle detection. In order to improve the evaluation accuracy of virtual test data under the condition of far side occupant protection, the paper studies the evaluation method of remote virtual test data accuracy. First, the dynamic responses of 11 simulation and test data are determined by analyzing the basic data under remote conditions. Then, based on CORA and ISO_ The measurement method of TS18571 is used to evaluate the correlation, and the error analysis method is used to analyze the responses with differences in the correlation evaluation results. Finally, the conclusion of the precision evaluation of CORA and ISO measurement methods is obtained through experimental research.
CAD/CAM Based Aided Design of Mechanical Product Shape
Authors: Liu Yanbin , Wu Lisha
Published: April 2023

To meet the requirements of the mechanical manufacturing industry for improving the machining quality of parts, and enhance the machining accuracy and the rationality of part design, a CAD/CAM integrated feature modeling aided system is introduced. According to the characteristics of mechanical products, we propose an integrated CAD set editing framework. On this basis, an optimized incremental feature recognition method is adopted to correlate design features with manufacturing features Then, the digital model of the original model is re-established in Pro/E system, and the strength and stiffness of the molded part of the case are analyzed by comprehensively applying ANSYS software and RP technology, which proves the effectiveness and feasibility of the scheme in this paper.
Analysis on Mechanical Properties of Bolt Connector under Reinforcement Binding and Welding Conditions Considering Flexural-shear Ratio
Authors: Li CY , Niu YW , Liu YQ
Published: April 2023

In order to study the force transmission mechanism of the connection interface between the corrugated steel web and the concrete diaphragm in the corrugated steel web composite girder bridge, the internal force of the bolt shear connector under the coupling of different flexural-shear ratio was compared, the simple support beams model under different steel rebar arrangements and different loading positions were designed. Based on the force characteristics of the bolt shear connector, taking a Bridge as the engineering background, and using the finite element analysis software ABAQUS to establish a simple support beam model. The analysis compares the stress of steel bar and steel plate under the coupling action of different flexural-shear ratio, the stress of steel bar and steel web under the connection method of binding or welding of steel bar, the stress of bolts and the load-slip curve of bolts were also compared. The analysis results show that the reinforcement arranged in the diaphragm can significantly improve the ultimate bearing capacity of the overall structure by welding with the diaphragm, effectively improve the stress distribution of the bolt, reduce the stress value of the connection between the bolt and the steel plate, and improve the shear resistance of the bolt. With the wide application of corrugated steel webs, more attention should be paid to the force transmission performance of the connection interface between the steel webs and the concrete diaphragm in the engineering design process. The research results can be used for the design calculation of the connection between the corrugated steel web composite beam bridge and the diaphragm in the future, and provide reference for engineering application.
Design and Optimization of Retractable Frame for High Flow Water Supply and Drainage Truck
Authors: OuYang LG , Long TM , Liu JW , Wang G , Wang L , Huang F
Published: April 2023

Aiming at the high flow water supply and drainage trucks working in complex environments, designed a retractable frame. Creo was used to parameterize the model of the retractable frame, Adams was used to analyze the dangerous conditions and loads, and Ansys was used to study its strength and deformation. Based on achieving the function of the retractable frame, it is required to be light in mass and high in stiffness. Therefore, the structure is improved, and then the maximum bending and static torsional deformation and minimum mass of the frame are used as the optimization objectives. The multi-objective optimization is carried out using the genetic algorithm MOGA based on the optimal filling space OSF design experiment and the establishment of the Kriging response surface model. Select the optimal solution for rounding and re-verify. The results show that the maximum bending deformation of the optimized structure is reduced by 15.2%, the torsional deformation is reduced by 29.7%, the mass is reduced by 4.6%, the safety factor is increased, and the overall structural stiffness of the retractable frame is significantly improved.
Load Balancing Strategy of Power Communication Network Based on SDN Controller
Authors: Wang XZ , Gao JZ , Zhang XM
Published: April 2023

A load balancing strategy based on SDN controller is proposed to solve the load and security problems caused by the large number of services carried by power communication network in this article. Firstly, integrated with the actual situation of the network, the basic framework of gradual hierarchical transformation of power communication network is put forward. Then, the SDN controller response delay model is discussed in detail in the modeling process, and a multi controller deployment model and its solution algorithm are also proposed. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the SDN centralized control function, and optimize the load balance, QoS and resource utilization, so as to reduce the impact of power grid communication link failure on the control delay.
Temperature Control for Mass Concrete of Bridge Cap in Summer Construction
Authors: Wu Y , Ding QJ , zhang HL , Hu FG , Dai CE , Zhang ZQ , zhang SY
Published: April 2023

In order to realize the accurate calculation of the temperature field of concrete hydration heat, the paper takes the concrete hydration heat temperature field of the pile cap of Liexi Bridge as a case for simulation analysis. Firstly, a three-dimensional finite element model of concrete hydration heat temperature field is established; Then, the temperature field of the hydration heat of the concrete cushion cap of the Liexi Bridge is simulated. The experimental results show that the maximum actual measured temperature of the core point of concrete hydration heat temperature is 63.1 °C, and the corresponding calculated temperature is 62.2 °C. The maximum actual measured temperature of the surface point is 54.8 °C, and the corresponding calculated temperature is 53.8 °C. The maximum temperature difference between inside and outside is 18.9 °C, and the corresponding calculated temperature is 13.4 °C. The research results show that the calculation model has high accuracy
Research on Fault Diagnosis Method of Intelligent Production Line Based on Petri Net and SDG Model
Authors: Gu A , Gao Y , Pan C , Yu M , Zhu R
Published: April 2023

Due to its complex structure and functionality, intelligent production line has a higher possibility of failure during operation. When failures occur, the monitoring and control functions of the intelligent production line will be impacted, leading to a system failure. Therefore, when monitoring the security of the intelligent production line and executing the security policy, it is necessary to consider not only the functional safety and information security of the information physical system, but also the dynamic process of fault propagation and evolution in the same level or between different levels of the intelligent production line, so as to provide more accurate security protection for the intelligent production line. To address the above problems, this paper proposes a Petri net-based fault diagnosis method and SDG-based fault tracing method to accurately locate the faults that occur during the operation of intelligent production line.The experiment proves that the method proposed in this paper is accurate and has reference significance for the monitoring and operation and maintenance of intelligent production line.
Power System Stability Estimation Scheme Based on Big Data
Authors: Zhang J
Published: April 2023

Aiming at the poor convergence of power flow calculation and the difficulty in location of the power system operation, this paper proposes a fast parallel calculation scheme for power system stability assessment based on big data technology. Through the analysis and research of Newton method which is sensitive to the initial value selection in the actual calculation of regional power flow, an approach for selecting the optimal initial value is proposed by genetic algorithm. Then, by the state sampling method and Monte Carlo parallel simulation, the coarse granularity algorithm under the message passing programming model is designed. The experimental analysis adopts the improved method to test the data in IEEE 9 system, actual environment, the automatic power flow adjustment. The results show that our scheme can achieve high parallel efficiency and acceleration ratio, which improves the calculation ability and accuracy of power flow and reliability evaluation of large-scale power systems.
Energy Saving Transmission Line Evaluation Based on Mechanical and Electrical Characteristics Analysis
Authors: Li C , Ma J , Jiang XH , Zhang ZY
Published: April 2023

In order to improve the safety and reliability of transmission lines in certain areas, an energy-saving line selection scheme based on mechanical and electrical characteristics analysis is proposed. We determine the structural technical parameters and system conditions of the new energy-saving conductor through specific cases. In the mechanical characteristics, the dynamic stress, safety factor and the maximum sag of four different types of conductors during galloping are compared; In electrical characteristics, the current carrying capacity and resistance loss are mainly calculated. Finally, the economic and social benefits of energy-saving conductor are analyzed in combination with the specific project situation, and the specific precautions in the conductor selection process are analyzed, which provides a technical reference for the design, selection and application of energy-saving conductor.
Locating and Sizing Planning of Electric Vehicle Battery-swapping Stations Considering User Path Selection
Authors: Shi Tengyuan , Shen Jin
Published: April 2023

According to the characteristics of an electric vehicle’s charging mode and considering the user path selection, a two-level programming optimization model of EV battery-swapping station locating, and sizing planning is established. The daily power exchange demand load is predicted, and the service area of the battery-swapping station is divided by the Voronoi diagram. The upper model optimizes the location, and the optimized number of battery-swapping stations is passed to the lower model to realize the constant volume optimization. Finally, the feasibility and rationality of the optimization model of EV battery-swapping station locating and sizing planning are verified by a demonstration planning area in Shanghai.
Research on key evaluation indexes of grid-connected characteristics of new energy based on historical data
Authors: Liu Zhili , Jiang Yanteng , Sun Junjie , Wang Chao , Jing Lantao
Published: April 2023

To fully excavate the key information of the historical data of the power grid which has been sleeping for a long time, grasp the operation characteristics of the power grid, and further solve the problem of new energy generation in the power grid, the grid-connected characteristics of new energy sources in Liaoning province are studied based on the actual wind and solar power load data. Taking the actual data of Liaoning province as an example, the above analysis is carried out, the grid load of PV and wind power is classified and compared, and the typical load curve is drawn. The results show that the key evaluation index system can be easily calculated, and the results can be used as a reference for the scheduling and planning of a regional new energy system.
Numerical simulation of the breakdown process of dielectric in high voltage pulse discharge
Authors: Guo Gang , Li Hongda , Gao Mingcheng , Che Long
Published: April 2023

In order to study the breakdown process of the insulating medium of the needle-needle electrode under the action of high-voltage pulse discharge, the HV-LAB simulation software was used to study the discharge channel formed in the three kinds of insulating media, namely water, transformer oil, and air, and the three-dimensional model of the discharge breakdown insulating medium was designed. The process of discharge channel expansion, voltage, current, power, and energy loss in the discharge channel is analyzed. The results show that in the process of high-voltage pulse discharge breakdown of the insulating medium, the formation time of the discharge channel of transformer oil is long, the energy is accumulated, the number of discharge channels is less, the horizontal isopotential lines are dense, and the energy is concentrated. Under the same discharge conditions, the energy consumption of transformer oil in the process of high-voltage pulse discharge is the least. The results of this study can provide a reference for the selection of high-voltage crushing insulation medium.
Research on Evaluation Method of Cable Line Operation State Based on Partial Discharge Signal Characteristics
Authors: Che Renfei , Zheng Can
Published: April 2023

To accurately evaluate the operation status of cable lines, an evaluation method based on the characteristics of partial discharge (PD) signals is proposed. In this method, the operation state of the cable line is divided into four levels, amount of PD and energy of PD in online monitoring data of the cable line are utilized, the development trend of cable insulation deterioration is considered, cable line state evaluation indexes are firstly established, then the state membership of each evaluation index is calculated by utilizing a membership function, proper operation operators are selected, Finally, the evaluation system of the operation state of the cable line based on the characteristics of partial discharge signals is constructed. The correctness and effectiveness of the proposed evaluation method are verified by setting three operating conditions of cable lines, which provides a decision-making reference for the maintenance of cable lines.
A Novel Compound Fault Recovery and Control Techniques in Electric Distribution Network
Authors: Mao Wandeng , Yuan Shaoguang , Tian Yangyang , Guo Zhimin , Liu Hao , Wang Lei
Published: April 2023

When the distribution network is affected by natural disasters or deliberately damaged, failure may cause a large area power outage, which will seriously impact the national economy, social stability, people’s normal life, etc. This paper proposes a composite fault recovery method for the distribution networks based on the maximum-flow method. A service flow model, an information link recovery model, and a multi-objective optimization model are established to effectively solve communication power’s composite fault recovery problem in the distribution network.
Research on Distributed Measurement and Control System Based on FlexRay Bus
Authors: Zhao Xiaodong , Yang Fan , Li Wantong , Li Haiyuan
Published: April 2023

With the purpose of the design problem of electromagnetic launch distributed measurement and control system, this paper proposes a design method of scalable large-scale distributed interconnected measurement and control system based on FlexRay bus. The task execution time deviation of each node in the distributed system, including phase deviation and frequency deviation, is reduced by using the macro tick generation process and clock synchronization process to achieve task synchronization in the distributed system. The synchronization of timing generation is realized based on the universal clock technology. When the timing interval is zero, the pulse power units are guaranteed to be close to the ideal full synchronization, thus ensuring that the released energy during transmission is close to the design value. In the state of adjustable timing, when the pulse power supply module conducts pulse discharge, the trigger discharge times of the modules are set according to the load needs. The flat top, sawtooth, and other characteristic current waveforms are adjusted accurately. At the same time, a combined multi-level protection structure based on hardware and software is realized. The verification results show that the distributed electromagnetic launch measurement and control system implemented in this paper can meet the high efficiency, fast and continuous launch target.
Research of Brake by Wire System
Authors: Hu Chenhua , Pan Guangyong , Kong Linzhan , Yu Junhua
Published: April 2023

Brake by wire technology is the key technology of automobile braking systems to adapt to automobile intelligence and electrification. This article introduces two brakes by wire technologies: the electro-hydraulic brake system (EHB) and electro-mechanical brake system (EMB), and introduces their working principle, advantages, and disadvantages. Then, this article proposes a new scheme for a multiple-pump drive EHB system, which provides a lightweight and affordable wire-controlled braking system solution for new energy vehicles.
Backstepping Sliding Mode Method for Attitude Stabilization Control of Small Satellites
Authors: Shan Yihe , Xia Lurui , Li Sen
Published: April 2023

To address the problem that the attitude of a rigid satellite in orbit is susceptible to external disturbing moments, a control method based on the backstepping sliding mode method is proposed, which has strong robustness and anti-disturbance capability. Firstly, the coupling term in the mathematical model of satellite attitude is eliminated by using the backstepping method, secondly, the sliding mode control law is designed to reduce the sensitivity of the system to the external disturbance moment change and accelerate the response speed of the system, and the stability of the system is proved by using Lyapunov stability theory. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of the rigid satellite attitude control based on the backstepping sliding mode method are verified by simulation.
Improved PID Controller Based on BP Neural Network
Authors: Li Jialin , Peng Tao , Zhang Shen , Liu Chang
Published: April 2023

The traditional PID controller is widely used to improve the stability of the system because of its simplicity and convenience. However, the disadvantage of the control method is that the control parameters are difficult to adjust in real-time, and it can not adapt to the needs of variable control targets in different states, affecting the controller’s practical application effect. Therefore, using the idea of hierarchical learning self-adjusting control, this paper optimizes the traditional PID controller based on BP neural network. The experimental results show that the controller can automatically adjust the control parameters, improve the control accuracy and achieve rapid response.
Power Supply Planning Based on Simulated Annealing Algorithm
Authors: Zhou Xiangyi , Liu Hao , Wang Yanan , Wang Yongli , Zhu Jinrong
Published: April 2023

As the global shortage of fossil energy continues to increase, people’s demand for new energy increasingly focuses on the optimal design of power supply planning. The simulated annealing algorithm and the micro-incremental rate model are used to reasonably discuss the optimization goal. To obtain a correct economic evaluation, the funds at different times were converted into funds at the same time and compared. Under the condition, the peak load of the system increases by 30%, the type and number of additional units are planned, and a set of optimal solutions is obtained through multiple calculations using the simulated annealing algorithm. To obtain the optimal load distribution scheme of each unit in the existing system on the 12th and 24th hours of a typical day, the equal incremental rate model is used to solve the problem, and the simulated annealing algorithm is used to improve the accuracy of the data, and finally, the optimization of the power planning scheme is realized.
Study on anti-vibration optimization design of transmission line section with large span in Inner Mongolia
Authors: Zhao Bin , Wang Jian , Huang Guo , Gu Jian , Zou He , Yang Zhi
Published: April 2023

Affected by the cold wave process, eastern Inner Mongolia is easy to suffer from both of persistent low temperature and strong wind weather, which causes the dynamic bending strain of overhead conductors’ aeolian vibration to approach or even exceed the safety threshold frequently. The end position of the existing conductor and the conventional vibration damper are in high-intensity working state for a long time, which seriously threatens the operation safety of Inner Mongolia East power grid. In this paper, aiming at the optimization design of anti vibration scheme of large span line section in eastern Mongolia, taking the 500kV Kesha #1 and #2 line #119 ~ 120 line section with a span of 1043m as an example, according to the existing anti vibration design standards of large span line section, the effect evaluation test optimization research of anti vibration scheme is carried out, and the anti vibration scheme more suitable for large span line section in low temperature and strong wind area in eastern Mongolia is given. The recommended anti vibration scheme is obtained through simulation test, analysis and Optimization on the indoor test file, which meets the relevant technical requirements of anti vibration. It is of great significance to avoid fatal defects in large span line sections of transmission lines and ensure the long-term safe and stable operation of regional power grid.
Assessing the land-use harmonization (LUH) 2 dataset in Central Asia for regional climate model projection
Authors: Qiu Yuan , Feng Jinming , Yan Zhongwei , Wang Jun
Published: April 2023

Although the land-use harmonization (LUH) datasets have been widely applied in regional climate model (RCM) projections for investigating the role of the land-use forcing in future climate changes, few studies have thoroughly assessed them on local scale, which may bring large uncertainties in the resultant climate information for designing adaption and mitigation measures of climate change. The authors use a local land-use dataset (referred to as Li-LU) as the benchmark to assess the latest version of the LUH datasets, LUH2, in Central Asia (CA) which has undergone extensive land-use changes (LUCs) and might undergo extensive LUCs in the future. The results show that LUH2 has large biases in depicting the historical land-use states in CA for 1995–2015. For instance, the area of grassland (cropland) in LUH2 is about 1.4–1.5 (0.4–0.5) times of that of Li-LU. Moreover, the future LUCs predicted by LUH2 for 2045 (relative to 2005) are much smaller than those of Li-LU and these two datasets generally have opposite signals in changes. In addition, the predicted LUCs of LUH2 do not follow the causal mechanisms [the causal connections between the key drivers (e.g. population, economy, and environment) and land use] behind the LUCs in the past. If the future scenario of LUH2 is used for RCM projection in CA with the historical land-use information from Li-LU, the simulation results could be misleading for understanding the impacts of LUCs on future climate changes there. This study suggests that the LUH datasets should be carefully assessed before using them for regional studies and provides practical notes for selecting the appropriate land-use dataset for RCM projections in other areas around the world.
Photorefractive four-wave mixing cannot be treated perturbatively. Revisiting the undepleted-pump approximation
Authors: de Valcárcel Germán J , Silva Fernando , Esteban-Martín Adolfo , Roldán Eugenio
Published: April 2023

We theoretically consider photorefractive degenerate four-wave mixing oscillators and show that, for this particular system, the linear stability analysis technique leads to incorrect results. The reason for this astonishing failure lies in the unphysical predictions of the undepleted-pump approximation, which appear naturally during the linearization process of the full model. As a consequence, photorefractive four-wave mixing does not seem to permit a perturbative treatment that allows the derivation of mean-field models, and one is forced to use the full model in order to make sensible predictions.
Winner and losers: examining biotic interactions in forbs and grasses in response to changes in water and temperature in a semi-arid grassland
Authors: Akin-Fajiye Morodoluwa , Ploughe Laura W , Greenall Amber , Fraser Lauchlan H
Published: April 2023

Warming and changing water amount can alter the outcome of biotic interactions in native and exotic plants between facilitation and competition. Exotic plants may adapt better to changing environmental conditions, such that they may compete better than native plants. We conducted competition trials for four plant species, two exotic forbs (Centaurea stoebe and Linaria vulgaris) and two grasses (exotic Poa compressa and native Pseudoroegneria spicata), commonly found in Southern interior British Columbia. We compared the effects of warming and changing water on target plant shoot and root biomass, and on pair-wise competitive interactions among all four species. We quantified interactions using the Relative Interaction Intensity index, which has values from −1 (complete competition) to +1 (complete facilitation).

C. stoebe biomass was highest under low water and no competition. Facilitation of C. stoebe was found under high water and low temperatures but shifted to competition under low water and/or warming. Competition in L. vulgaris decreased due to reduced water and increased due to warming. Grasses were less competitively suppressed by warming but more competitively suppressed by reduced water input. The response of exotic plants to climate change can differ by plant species, moving in opposite directions for both forbs, but grasses appear to respond similarly. This has consequences for grasses and exotic plants in semi-arid grasslands.
Long-term safety and efficacy of mogamulizumab (anti-CCR4) for treating virus-associated myelopathy
Authors: Sato Tomoo , Yamauchi Junji , Yagishita Naoko , Araya Natsumi , Takao Naoki , Ohta Yuki , Inoue Eisuke , Takahashi Masaki , Yamagishi Makoto , Suzuki Yutaka , Uchimaru Kaoru , Matsumoto Naoki , Hasegawa Yasuhiro , Yamano Yoshihisa
Published: April 2023

Some carriers of human T-cell leukaemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), a retrovirus that primarily infects CD4+ T cells and causes lifelong infection, develop HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Current treatments for HAM/TSP are insufficient with problematic long-term side effects. This study evaluated the long-term safety and efficacy of the anti-CCR4 antibody mogamulizumab in patients with HAM/TSP over a 4-year period.

We conducted an open-label, extended long-term study (UMIN trial number: UMIN000019942) of a phase 1–2a trial with mogamulizumab for HAM/TSP (UMIN000012655). The study participants were patients with corticosteroid-resistant HAM/TSP who could walk 10 m with or without assistive tools. Mogamulizumab was administered at 0.01, 0.03, 0.1 or 0.3 mg/kg at intervals of ≥8 weeks (0.01 and 0.03 mg/kg) or ≥12 weeks (0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg). HTLV-1 proviral load, CSF inflammatory markers and clinical symptoms were summarized by descriptive statistics. Missing observations were imputed using the last-observation-carried-forward method. As a post hoc analysis, we evaluated the therapeutic effect of mogamulizumab on gait function by comparing it with contemporary control data from a HAM/TSP patient registry.

Of the 21 participants in the phase 1–2a, 18 (86%) enrolled in the long-term study and 15 (71%) continued repeated doses of mogamulizumab for 4 years. The median dose was 0.1 mg/kg after 4 years. Seventeen of 21 participants (81%) experienced grade 1–2 skin-related adverse events. Observed grade 3 drug-related adverse effects included three cases of lymphopenia and one case each of microscopic polyangiitis, elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase, and neutropenia. Four of 21 participants (19%) developed neutralizing antibodies. After 4 years, the peripheral blood proviral load and the number of infected cells in CSF decreased by 60.7% and 66.3%, respectively. Neopterin and CXCL10 CSF concentrations decreased by 37.0% and 31.0%, respectively. Among the 18 participants, spasticity and Osame Motor Disability Score (OMDS) improved in 17 (94%) and four (22%), respectively. However, 10 m walking time worsened by 7.3% on average. Comparison with the contemporary control group demonstrated that mogamulizumab inhibited OMDS progression (P = 0.02).

The results of the study suggest that mogamulizumab has long-term safety and inhibitory effects on lower limb motor disability progression in corticosteroid-treated patients with HAM/TSP. This will provide a basis for the application of mogamulizumab in HAM/TSP treatment.
Challenging native speakerism in a Korean college English course
Authors: Lee Soyoung
Published: April 2023

English is a popular language in South Korea. It has been a part of the official public school curriculum for 10 years and many students pursue more English courses in college. However, there is a general consensus among English instructors in Korean institutions of higher education that students lack confidence as learners and users of English. Students also describe themselves as having ‘English trauma’, which is a popular notion among Korean students. In this article, I explain how damaging native speakerism is for the students’ confidence as language learners and I describe the changes I made to my curriculum to implement a more humanistic curriculum designed to minimize the negative emotional pressure my students felt. In closing, I will discuss my reflections on the process.
Lower-profile stent graft reduces the risk of embolism during thoracic endovascular aortic repair in shaggy aorta
Authors: Seike Yoshimasa , Masada Kenta , Fukuda Tetsuya , Yokawa Koki , Koizumi Shigeki , Kasai Mio , Inoue Yosuke , Sasaki Hiroaki , Matsuda Hitoshi
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVES

This study aimed to reveal the association between lower-profile stent graft (LPSG) and embolism during thoracic endovascular aortic repair for non-dissecting distal arch and descending thoracic aortic aneurysm.

METHODS

This study reviewed data of 35 patients who underwent thoracic endovascular aortic repair with LPSG (27 males; age: 77 ± 9.2 years) and 312 who underwent thoracic endovascular aortic repair with conventional-sized stent graft (CSSG) (247 males; age: 77 ± 7.4 years) from 2009 to 2021.

RESULTS

The rate of total embolic events was significantly lower in the LPSG group (0/35 [0%]) than the CSSG group (34/312 [11.2%]) (P = 0.035). Shaggy aorta (odds ratio: 5.220; P < 0.001) were identified as positive embolic event predictors. The rate of total embolic events in 68 patients with shaggy aorta (12 in LPSG/56 in CSSG) was significantly lower in the LPSG group (0/12 [0%]) than the CSSG group (19/56 [34%]) (P = 0.015). The rate of total embolic events in 279 patients with the non-shaggy aorta (23 in LPSG/256 in CSSG) reveals no difference between the 2 groups (0 [0%]/16 [6.3%]) (P = 0.377).

CONCLUSIONS

LPSG usage could reduce embolism in thoracic endovascular aortic repair, and the difference was more pronounced in patients with the shaggy aorta. LPSG might be beneficial in preventing embolism in thoracic endovascular aortic repair for patients with a shaggy aorta.
Higher Out-of-pocket Expenses are Associated with Worse Health-related Quality of Life in Burn Survivors: A Northwest Regional Burn Model System Investigation
Authors: Sheckter Clifford C , Holan Cole , Carrougher Gretchen , Orton Caitlin , Gibran Nicole , Stewart Barclay T
Published: April 2023

The care required to recover serious burn injuries is costly. In the United States, these costs are often borne by patients. Examining the relationship between out-of-pocket (OOP) costs and health-related quality of life (HRQL) is important to support burn survivors. Financial data from a regional burn center were merged with data in the Burn Model System (BMS) National Database. HRQL outcomes included VA-Rand 12 (VR-12) physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) scores. Participant surveys were conducted at 6-, 12-, and 24-months post-injury. VR-12 scores were evaluated using generalized linear models and adjusted for potential confounders (age, sex, insurance/payer, self-identified race/ethnicity, measures of burn injury severity). 644 participants were included, of which 13% (84) had OOP costs. The percentage of participants with OOP costs was 34% for commercial/private, 22% for Medicare, 8% for other, 4% for self-pay, and 0% for workers’ compensation and Medicaid. For participants with OOP expenses, median payments were $875 with an IQR of $368–1728. In addition to markers of burn injury severity, OOP costs were negatively associated with PCS scores at 6-months (coefficient −0.002, P < .001) and 12-months post-injury (coefficient −0.001, P = .004). There were no significant associations with PCS scores at 24 months post-injury or MCS scores at any interval. Participants with commercial/private or Medicare payer had higher financial liability than other payers. Higher OOP expenses were negatively associated with physical HRQL for at least 12 months after injury. Financial toxicity occurs after burn injury and providers should target resources accordingly.
Cigarette Smoking and Depression Among U.S. Veterans: Longitudinal Associations With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Tran Denise D , Davis Jordan P , Tucker Joan S , Bricker Jonathan B , Lee Daniel S , Fitzke Reagan E , Pedersen Eric R
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Cigarette smoking and depression are associated with morbidity and mortality. Among veterans, approximately 22% are current smokers and 11%–15% have been diagnosed with depression. Although prior research suggests a strong association between smoking and depression among veterans, little research has examined trajectories of smoking and depressive symptoms and their correlates over time in this population.

Aims and Methods

Using parallel process growth curve modeling, we examined the longitudinal relationship between smoking and depression and tested whether posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms predict smoking and depression trajectories over 18 months (February 2020–August 2021). Veterans were recruited for an online, longitudinal study and responded to surveys across five-time points (baseline N = 1230; retention = 79.3%–83.3% across waves).

Results

Associations indicated that more frequent smoking at baseline was associated with steeper increases in depression symptom severity, and greater depression severity at baseline was associated with a less steep decrease in smoking frequency over time. PTSD was associated with less smoking at time 1 but more frequent smoking at times 3–5 as well as greater depression across all time points.

Conclusions

Findings provide support that the growth trajectories of smoking and depression are linked, and PTSD symptoms are associated with these trajectories among veterans. Addressing these factors simultaneously in veteran treatment centers or through tobacco cessation efforts may be beneficial.

Implications

This study offers strong evidence that the growth trajectories of smoking and depression are linked, and PTSD symptoms affect these trajectories among veterans, who represent a largely understudied population despite high rates of substance use and mental health problems. Results of this study strengthen the case for a more integrated treatment approach in which both smoking and mental health concerns are simultaneously addressed, which may yield more beneficial physical health and clinical outcomes for post-9/11 veterans.