bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Combination of Curcumin and Quercetin: Reclaiming the Lost Ground
Against Nephrotoxicity
Authors: Yadav Manoj Kumar , Vishwakarma Vishal Kumar , Dwivedi Jayesh , Upadhyay Prabhat Kumar
Published: April 2022

Background:

An alkylating agent named cyclophosphamide (CP) is an immunosuppressant used in the therapy of rheumatoid arthritis and various cancers. The combination of curcumin and quercetin was evaluated for antioxidant activity against CP-induced renal oxidative stress in Wistar rats.

Methods:

A prophylactic treatment using a combination of curcumin and quercetin is given to the rats at 80 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg (b.w.) of the oral dose administered before single injection of CP at 200 mg/kg intra-peritoneally (i.p.). The effects of curcumin and quercetin combination on CP-induced nephrotoxicity were investigated using the assay of oxidative stress biomarkers, serum kidney toxicity markers, and histopathology of kidney tissue.

Result:

A single dose of CP were enhanced the malondialdehyde (MDA), creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level and reduced the body weight indices (OBWI), haematological parameter, glutathione (GSH) content. The oral administration of curcumin and quercetin were caused a substantial reduction of the MDA, creatinine, BUN level and increased the OBWI, haematological parameter, GSH content.

Conclusion:

The present findings suggest that curcumin and quercetin combination has a prominent role against CP-induced renal injury.
Severe Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Complicating Treatment-naive
Chronic Hepatitis C Infection: A Case Report
Authors: Meena Durga Shankar , Meena Mahadev , Kumar Deepak , Pandit Sonu
Published: April 2022

Background:

Haematological manifestations in Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection have been uncommon since the advent of direct-acting antiviral drugs (DAAs). However, primary HCV infection can cause significant haematological disease in the form of various autoimmune cytopeni-as.

Case Presentation:

We herein discuss a 68-years-old female with chronic HCV infection for the last 15 years (not on the treatment), who presented with complaints of progressive fatigue, exertion-al dyspnea, and increased abdominal distention over the previous 20 days. Coombs-positive auto-immune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA) was diagnosed based on the haematological evaluation (raised lactate dehydrogenase, indirect bilirubinemia, raised reticulocyte count and direct Coombs posi-tive). The patient showed significant improvement in haematological indices with oral predniso-lone. However, she eventually succumbed to her illness due to underlying decompensated liver dis-ease. HCV infection may associate with global derangement of the immune system, which is likely to cause AIHA. Diagnosis of autoimmune cytopenias can be easily missed in HCV positive patients due to underlying decompensated liver disease and portal hypertension.

Conclusion:

Thus, screening of HCV infection is imperative in every patient of AIHA, especially with the high worldwide prevalence of HCV.
Role of Dietary Supplements in Thyroid Diseases
Authors: Dahiya Vinesh , Vasudeva Neeru , Sharma Sunil , Kumar Ashok
Published: April 2022

Background:

Thyroid hormones play a vital role in regulating our body’s metabolism.
Two important thyroid hormones released from the thyroid gland are tri-iodothyronine (T3) and
tetra-iodothyronine (T4). Thyroid-stimulating hormone and thyroid regulating hormone control
the T3 and T4 levels in our body. Increased TSH levels indicate hypothyroidism and decreased
TSH levels indicate hyperthyroidism. Iodine is a crucial nutrient for the synthesis of thyroid hormones
and is mostly obtained from our diet. Other essential nutrients for the thyroid hormones
formation include selenium, iron, vitamin D, vitamin B12, etc. Dietary changes in these nutrients
can result in alterations in thyroid function and structure. Although normally, the hormonal diseases
cannot be cured, but we can improve their signs and symptoms using suitable dietary supplements.

Objective:

The aim of the study was to thoroughly analyze the various benefits and risks associated
with the use of dietary supplements for the prevention and treatment of various thyroid disorders,
like hypothyroidism, as seen in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis; hyperthyroidism, as seen in
Graves’ disease; sick euthyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism.

Methods:

Literature was searched using the search terms “dietary supplements+thyroid diseases”
on Pubmed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and other search engines, and data were
collected from 1967 to November, 2021, including research inputs from the authors. The literature
was thoroughly searched, and deep knowledge was acquired on this topic, which was then
sequentially organized and summarized using suitable tables and figures.

Conclusion:

After analyzing various studies on this topic, we arrived at the conclusion that although
there are various claimed and observed health benefits of dietary supplements in the prevention
and treatment of various thyroid disorders, still several studies have shown too many risks
to be associated with the use of dietary supplements, and people using these products should be
aware of these risks in order to use them very judiciously for the improvement of their thyroid
status.
Optimal PWM in Three-Level Inverter for THD Minimization with Quarter
Wave Symmetry Relaxed
Authors: Rai Neerparaj , Chakravorty Sandeep
Published: April 2022

Background:

Previous works on total harmonic distortion (THD) minimization for multilevel inverters (MLI’s) has made a symmetrical approach that imposes Quarter Wave Symmetry (QWS) and Half Wave Symmetry (HWS) with the aim to restrict the computational difficulties to solve the finalized non-linear expressions.

Objective:

However, QWS constraint can be abolished, which leads to more generalized formulations and multiple solutions corresponding to minimum THD for complete modulation index-range.

Methods:

A systematic search approach using MATLAB in-build function is adopted to investigate ideal angles of switching related to three-level, three-phase inverter restricted to only HWS as a constraint for two and three (i.e., N= 2 and 3) switching transitions per quarter cycle.

Results:

On account of the effective minimization of the dominant low-order odd line voltage harmonics, the proposed pulse-width-modulation (PWM) scheme proved its superiority based on minimum THD% performance compared to the previously reported PWM techniques with both HWS and QWS being retained.

Conclusion:

The simulation, as well as experimental results to confirm the efficacy of the proposed non-symmetrical PWM scheme over the traditional PWM method restricted to QWS and HWS symmetries over the entire modulation-index range with added advantage of general formulation and multiple solutions.
Effect of Evening Primrose Vaginal Capsule on Cervix Preparation and
Duration of First Stage of Labor in Nulliparous Women Referred to
Fatemieh Hospital in Hamadan, Iran: A Single-blind Randomized Controlled
Trial
Authors: Masoumi Seyedeh Zahra , shayan Arezoo , Kazemi Farideh , Refaee Mansoureh , Ahmadi Maryam , Sourinezhad Hadis , Hamoun Minoo
Published: April 2022

Background:

Cervix preparation is one of the main steps in the onset of labor and is
very important for success in initiating or inducing labor.

Objective:

The present study aimed at investigating the effect of evening primrose vaginal capsule
on the preparation of cervix and the consequences of labor in nulliparous women.

Methods:

This randomized clinical trial study was conducted in 2018 on 100 nulliparous women
referred to Fatemieh Hospital in Hamadan. In intervention group (50 people), one evening primrose
capsule (500 mg) was used vaginally and then two hours later, another capsule was used, and
placebo was used in the control group (50 people). Then, the dilatation, effacement, Bishop scores
and duration of the first stage of the labor were compared in two groups after 4 hours. Statistical
analysis was performed with SPSS 21. The significance level was considered to be 0.05.

Results:

There was a statistically significant difference in the mean score and standard deviation of
dilatation, effacement of cervix, bi-shop scores and duration of the first stage of labor four hours
after the intervention in the intervention and Placebo groups by controlling the effect of potential
confounding factors (P <0.001).

Conclusion:

The results showed that the use of evening primrose vaginal capsules can reduce the
length of the first stage of labor, improve Bishop score, and soften and ripen the cervix.

Clinical Trial Registration No:

RCT20120215009014N231.
Suro Nipa (fear humans)
Authors: Adinkrah Mensah
Published: April 2022

The article examines suro nipa, a popular maxim of the Akan people of Ghana, against the backdrop of a fictional tale told in the popular Akan novel by A. E. Asiamah titled Suro Nipa. An ambitious young man named Kwabena Anson who owned a flourishing business was driven by arrant desire for instant fabulous wealth to engage in a fiendish act. He sought the assistance of a money-making spiritualist who requested him to spiritually sacrifice the life of a beloved relative for great wealth. For the ritual, Kofi Asomani was spiritually slain by Kwabena Anson who then became fantastically affluent. Throughout the story, Kwabena Anson’s demeanor did not change, giving no clues about the abhorrent act he had committed. Many people were flabbergasted about his instant, fantastic wealth. In the end, Anson inadvertently consumed pork, violating the money ritual’s biggest taboo. He became violently ill and confessed his misdeeds before dying a wretched death. No one in Anson’s social circles ever suspected that Anson’s newfound wealth was attributable to blood sacrifice and that he had spiritually caused his uncle’s untimely death. This shocking story confirmed many people’s perception of human nature as vile, and therefore, needing to be feared.
Ekstraksi Antosianin Bunga Telang (Clitoria ternatea Linn) dengan Metode Ultrasonik Menggunakan Pelarut Aquades dan Asam Asetat
Authors:   Universitas Padjajaran, Unawahi Syifa , Widyasanti Asri ,   Universitas Padjajaran, Rahimah Souvia ,   Universitas Padjajaran
Published: April 2022

Bunga telang (Clitoria ternatea Linn) merupakan salah satu sumber antosianin yang dapat diperoleh dengan melakukan proses ekstraksi. Metode alternatif untuk mengekstrak senyawa antosianin adalah dengan menggunakan metode ekstraksi non thermal ultrasonik yang dapat mempersingkat waktu ekstraksi dan mengurangi penggunaan pelarut. Ekstraksi antosianin ini dilakukan dengan penambahan asam asetat yang berfungsi untuk mendenaturasi membran sel tanaman sehingga pigmen antosianin terekstrak secara maksimal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan pelarut aquades dan asam asetat pada proses ekstraksi antosianin bunga telang dengan metode ultrasonik yang menghasilkan total antosianin tertinggi. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimen laboratorium dengan analisis deskriptif. Penelitian ini menggunakan konsentrasi asam asetat 0%, 0.05% dan 5%, serta nilai intensitas amplitudo 50%, 65%, dan 80%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perlakuan dengan konsentrasi asam asetat 0.05% dan nilai intensitas amplitudo 65% merupakan perlakuan terbaik yang menghasilkan total antosianin 65.13 mg/L, kadar sisa pelarut 30.77%, rendemen 32.02%, dan nilai pH ekstrak 3.62. Penambahan konsentrasi asam asetat yang berlebihan pada proses ekstraksi bunga telang dengan metode ultrasonik dapat mempercepat proses pengentalan pada campuran pelarut dan sampel bahan, serta kondisi ekstraksi dengan nilai amplitudo yang tinggi dapat mempercepat peningkatan suhu ekstraksi ± 60˚C, sehingga dapat menyebabkan degradasi antosianin.
Desain dan Pabrikasi Mesin Pengering Cengkeh Berbahan Bakar Limbah Kelapa Untuk Mempercepat Proses Penjemuran Cengkeh
Authors:   Universitas Manado, Simbolon Efriwandy , Alfredo Jannifer ,   Universitas Manado, Kaligis Briand Steven ,   Universitas Manado, Pomalingo Moh. Fikri ,   Universitas Manado, Piri Ichiro Davidson ,   Universitas Manado, Kawuwung Siti Vahira Cantika ,   Universitas Manado
Published: April 2022

Pengeringan cengkeh biasanya dilakukan dengan cara menjemur bunga cengkeh di atas tikar pandan, terpal atau di rak secara manual dan tradisional. Masyarakat sering menjemur cengkeh di jalan pedesaan, dikarenakan minimnya lahan untuk penjemuran. Pengeringan dengan sistem tradisional ini juga terkadang memiliki kendala. Cuaca yang tidak selalu cerah menyebabkan proses pengeringan menjadi lebih lama dan menghasilkan kualitas cengkeh yang kurang baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendesain dan pabrikasi sebuah mesin pengering cengkeh yang berbahan bakar limbah kelapa. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk membantu kelompok tani keter yang ada di Desa Wiau Kecamatan Pusomaen Kabupaten Minahasa Tenggara dalam proses pengeringan cengkeh. Metode penelitian ini meliputi perencanaan, perencangan mesin, pabrikasi mesin, pengujian. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang diperoleh, mesin yang dibuat memiliki kapasitas pengeringan 48 liter dalam sekali proses pengeringan. Pengeringan dilakukan pada suhu 50-55oC selama 50 menit. Pengeringan ini hanya untuk membebaskan cengkeh dari cendawan. Jenis limbah kelapa yang digunakan untuk sekali pengeringan mencapai 18 kg atau setara 3 karung. Pengeringan juga dapat dilakukan pada waktu yang singkat.
Bioakumulasi dan Aktivitas Resistensi Logam Timbal (Pb) terhadap Streptomyces sp. strain I18
Authors:   Universitas Lampung, Lestari Mutia Dinda , AR Mesy Miranda ,   Universitas Lampung, Setiawati Ulin Ni'mah ,   Universitas Lampung, Nukmal Nismah ,   Universitas Lampung, Setyaningrum Endah ,   Universitas Lampung, Arifiyanto Achmad ,   Universitas Lampung, Aeny Titik Nur ,   Universitas Lampung
Published: April 2022

Kegiatan antropogenik secara intensif mengakibatkan pencemaran lingkungan yang disebabkan oleh logam berat. Timbal (Pb) merupakan salah satu logam berat toksik. Tingkat toksisitas dapat diturunkan melalui proses bioakumulasi oleh mikroorganisme. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kemampuan bakteri Streptomyves sp. strain I18 dalam mengakumulasi logam Pb. Bakteri diidentifikasi morfologi secara makroskopik dan mikroskopik. Daya resistensi bakteri terhadap logam Pb ditentukan dengan menumbuhkan bakteri pada media Muller-Hilton Agar yang disuplementasi Pb pada konsentrasi 5, 50, dan 150 ppm menggunakan metode dilusi pada cawan petri petri. Bioakumulasi bakteri terhadap logam Pb diukur menggunakan Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) pada konsentrasi 5, 50, dan 150 ppm. Bakteri Streptomyves sp. strain I18 mampu tumbuh pada media padat agar mengandung logam Pb pada bagai konsentrasi dengan diameter koloni terbesar, yakni 50.33 mm pada konsentrasi Pb 5 ppm. Pertumbuhan koloni terkecil sebesar 33.00 mm terjadi pada konsentrasi 150 ppm. Bakteri ini terbukti mampu mengakumulasi logam Pb dengan akumulasi terbesar pada konsentrasi 5 ppm, sebesar 49%. Peningkatan konsentrasi logam menurunkan kemampuan akumulasi logam Pb. Pada konsentrasi 150 ppm dan 50 ppm, bakteri hanya mampu mengakumulasi Pb sebesar 5% dan 9%. Kemampuan optimal bakteri Streptomyves sp. strain I18 sebagai bioakumulator diperkirakan pada konsentrasi kurang dari 50 ppm.
Cerebral Palsy: An Overview of Etiology, Types and Comorbidities
Authors:   Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, 1001 Johnson Ferry Road, NE, Atlanta, GA 30342 USA, Vova Joshua A
Published: April 2022

Cerebral Palsy (CP) is the most frequent cause of childhood disability. CP occurs in 1 out of every 345 children in the United States. CP is primarily a motor disease that is the result of an insult to the brain that occurs during the prenatal or early postnatal period when the brain is still developing. CP is not a single disease but a physical description of motor impairments that originate from multiple etiologies. This article briefly discusses the etiologies, classification and management of the neurologic medical comorbidities that are associated with CP. Proactive management can assist in minimizing morbidity and maximizing outcomes and improving quality of life.
Developing a Technology Acceptability and Usage Survey (TAUS) for mHealth Intervention Planning and Evaluation in Nigeria: Pilot Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lynch Kathleen A , Atkinson Thomas M , Omisore Adeleye D , Famurewa Olusola , Olasehinde Olalekan , Odujoko Oluwole , Alatise Olusegun I , Egberongbe Adedeji , Kingham T Peter , Morris Elizabeth A , Sutton Elizabeth
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

Technology acceptability and usage surveys (TAUS) are brief questionnaires that measure technology comfort, typical daily use, and access in a population. However, current measures are not adapted to low- and middle-income country (LMIC) contexts.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this pilot study was to develop a TAUS that could be used to inform the implementation of a mobile health (mHealth) intervention in Nigeria.

METHODS

A literature review of validated technology comfort and usage scales was conducted to identify candidate items. The draft measure was reviewed for face validity by an expert panel comprised of clinicians and researchers with cultural, methodological, and clinical expertise. The measure was piloted by radiologists at an oncology symposium in Nigeria.

RESULTS

After expert review, the final measure included 18 items organized into 3 domains: (1) comfort with using mobile applications, (2) reliability of internet or electricity, and (3) attitudes toward using computers or mobile applications in clinical practice. The pilot sample (n=16) reported high levels of comfort and acceptability toward using mHealth applications in the clinical setting but faced numerous infrastructure challenges.

CONCLUSIONS

Pilot results indicate that the TAUS may be a feasible and appropriate measure for assessing technology usage and acceptability in LMIC clinical contexts. Dedicating a domain to technology infrastructure and access yielded valuable insights for program implementation.
An Electronic Patient-Reported Outcomes Tool for Older Adults With Complex Chronic Conditions: Cost-Utility Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Miranda Rafael N , Bhuiya Aunima R , Thraya Zak , Hancock-Howard Rebecca , Chan Brian CF , Steele Gray Carolyn , Wodchis Walter P , Thavorn Kednapa
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

eHealth technologies for self-management can improve quality of life, but little is known about whether the benefits gained outweigh their costs. The electronic patient-reported outcome (ePRO) mobile app and portal system supports patients with multiple chronic conditions to collaborate with primary health care providers to set and monitor health-related goals.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to estimate the cost of ePRO and the cost utility of the ePRO intervention compared with usual care provided to patients with multiple chronic conditions and complex needs living in the community, from the perspective of the publicly funded health care payer in Ontario, Canada.

METHODS

We developed a decision tree model to estimate the incremental cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained for the ePRO tool versus usual care over a time horizon of 15 months. Resource utilization and effectiveness of the ePRO tool were drawn from a randomized clinical trial with 6 family health teams involving 45 participants. Unit costs associated with health care utilization (adjusted to 2020 Canadian dollars) were drawn from literature and publicly available sources. A series of sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the robustness of the findings.

RESULTS

The total cost of the ePRO tool was CAD $79,467 (~US $ 63,581; CAD $1733 [~US $1386] per person). Compared with standard care, the ePRO intervention was associated with higher costs (CAD $1710 [~US $1368]) and fewer QALYs (–0.03). The findings were consistent with the clinical evidence, suggesting no statistical difference in health-related quality of life between ePRO and usual care groups. However, the tool would be considered a cost-effective option if it could improve by at least 0.03 QALYs. The probability that the ePRO is cost-effective was 17.3% at a willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of CAD $50,000 (~US $40,000)/QALY.

CONCLUSIONS

The ePRO tool is not a cost-effective technology at the commonly used WTP value of CAD $50,000 (~US $40,000)/QALY, but long-term and the societal impacts of ePRO were not included in this analysis. Further research is needed to better understand its impact on long-term outcomes and in real-world settings. The present findings add to the growing evidence about eHealth interventions’ capacity to respond to complex aging populations within finite-resourced health systems.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02917954; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02917954
Contributions of Artificial Intelligence Reported in Obstetrics and Gynecology Journals: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Dhombres Ferdinand , Bonnard Jules , Bailly Kévin , Maurice Paul , Papageorghiou Aris T , Jouannic Jean-Marie
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

The applications of artificial intelligence (AI) processes have grown significantly in all medical disciplines during the last decades. Two main types of AI have been applied in medicine: symbolic AI (eg, knowledge base and ontologies) and nonsymbolic AI (eg, machine learning and artificial neural networks). Consequently, AI has also been applied across most obstetrics and gynecology (OB/GYN) domains, including general obstetrics, gynecology surgery, fetal ultrasound, and assisted reproductive medicine, among others.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to provide a systematic review to establish the actual contributions of AI reported in OB/GYN discipline journals.

METHODS

The PubMed database was searched for citations indexed with “artificial intelligence” and at least one of the following medical subject heading (MeSH) terms between January 1, 2000, and April 30, 2020: “obstetrics”; “gynecology”; “reproductive techniques, assisted”; or “pregnancy.” All publications in OB/GYN core disciplines journals were considered. The selection of journals was based on disciplines defined in Web of Science. The publications were excluded if no AI process was used in the study. Review, editorial, and commentary articles were also excluded. The study analysis comprised (1) classification of publications into OB/GYN domains, (2) description of AI methods, (3) description of AI algorithms, (4) description of data sets, (5) description of AI contributions, and (6) description of the validation of the AI process.

RESULTS

The PubMed search retrieved 579 citations and 66 publications met the selection criteria. All OB/GYN subdomains were covered: obstetrics (41%, 27/66), gynecology (3%, 2/66), assisted reproductive medicine (33%, 22/66), early pregnancy (2%, 1/66), and fetal medicine (21%, 14/66). Both machine learning methods (39/66) and knowledge base methods (25/66) were represented. Machine learning used imaging, numerical, and clinical data sets. Knowledge base methods used mostly omics data sets. The actual contributions of AI were method/algorithm development (53%, 35/66), hypothesis generation (42%, 28/66), or software development (3%, 2/66). Validation was performed on one data set (86%, 57/66) and no external validation was reported. We observed a general rising trend in publications related to AI in OB/GYN over the last two decades. Most of these publications (82%, 54/66) remain out of the scope of the usual OB/GYN journals.

CONCLUSIONS

In OB/GYN discipline journals, mostly preliminary work (eg, proof-of-concept algorithm or method) in AI applied to this discipline is reported and clinical validation remains an unmet prerequisite. Improvement driven by new AI research guidelines is expected. However, these guidelines are covering only a part of AI approaches (nonsymbolic) reported in this review; hence, updates need to be considered.
Peer Review of “Toward Human Digital Twins for Cybersecurity Simulations on the Metaverse: Ontological and Network Science Approach” (Preprint)
Authors: Ropero Jorge
Published: April 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

This is a peer review report related to ms#33502.
Author's Responses to Peer Reviews of “Toward Human Digital Twins for Cybersecurity Simulations on the Metaverse: Ontological and Network Science Approach” (Preprint)
Authors: Nguyen Tam N
Published: April 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

This is the authors responses to peer review reports related to MS ID33502.
The Response of Some Yardlong Bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. Sesquipedalis) Accessions to Bradyrhizobium Inoculation
Authors: Kathalia Mita , Taryono Taryono , Sayekti Rahmi Sri
Published: April 2022

Yardlong bean (Vigna Unguiculata subsp. Sesquipedalis) is very potential commodity to be developed in Indonesia and Rhizobium has played an important role to increase pod production through free nitrogen ixation. Bradyrhizobium is a species of Rhizobium that is commonly found in vigna. The purpose of this study was to determine the response of twenty accessions of yardlong beans to Bradyrhizobiuminoculation and determine effective accessions with Bradyrhizobium inoculation. This research was conducted at AIC-UGM from March to July 2019. The planting material was 20 accessions of yardlong beans from AIC-UGM collection using seed inoculation methods. The result after inoculation of Bradyrhizobium treatment showed that the innoculation enhances plant height, number of leaves, root volume, root area, root length, root fresh weight, root dry weight, pod fresh weight, number of pods, number of effective root nodules, amount of root nodules and accelerate the age of lowering and harvest age in most accessions. Considering its response to the Bradyrhizobium inoculation, accessions of yardlong bean that have the potential to be developed for superior varieties are FBKP 143, FBKP 146, FBKP 147, FBKP 150, FBKP 152, FBKP 161 and FBKP 162.
The Estimation of Genetic Parameters of Yardlong Bean Yield Components (Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis)
Authors: Dini Kanina Zara , Taryono Taryono , Sayekti Rahmi Sri
Published: April 2022

The estimation of yield component genetic parameters is an important step towards plant breeding activities. This research aims to obtain information about yield components that can be used to increase yield of yardlong bean and accessions of yardlong bean for direct use or breeding materials. The research was conducted at Agrotechnology Innovation centre of Universitas Gadjah Mada, located in Kalitirto, Berbah, Sleman, Yogyakarta. The research materials consist of 29 accessions and 5 high yielding varieties as controls arranged in completely randomized design. Each accession was observed morphologically including days to 75% of ﬂowering, days to ﬁrst harvest, pod length, pod diameter, number of pods per cluster, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, weight of 100 seeds, seed length, the diameter of seed, potential yield pods per hectare. Observed data were analyzed with ANOVA followed by the estimation of genetic parameters and principal component analysis. The results showed that almost all traits had a high heritability value, except seed length which had a moderate heritability value. Accessions 113, 134, 135, dan 137 could be considered as the promising candidates  based on the earliest days to ﬁrst harvest and highest potential yield.
Pemuliaan Tanaman Partisipatif untuk Meningkatkan Peran Varietas Padi Unggul dalam Mendukung Swasembada Pangan Nasional
Authors: Aristya Vina Eka , Taryono Taryono
Published: April 2022

Padi sebagai tanaman penting di dunia, potensi varietasnya dapat ditingkatkan melalui program pemuliaan tanaman. Keterlibatan petani dan pemulia menawarkan cara pemecahan masalah kesesuaian tanaman dengan lingkungan target, mengenali preferensi pengguna, menentukan tujuan dan prioritas pemuliaan, menyediakan ketersediaan sumber daya genetik, eﬁsiensi pemilihan galur, serta komersialisasi benih dari varietas terpilih di lahan petani. Investasi kultivar dengan daya adaptasi khusus sangat penting dalam pemuliaan tanaman, terutama pada kondisi tidak menguntungkan, karena setiap lingkungan budidaya cenderung berbeda. Pemegang kebijakan semakin membutuhkan metode partisipatif untuk memperluas adopsi dan dampak inovasi teknologi, serta pengelolaan hasil pemuliaan tanaman agar terukur secara absolut.
Penapisan Pendahuluan Berbagai Aksesi Padi (Oryza sativa L.) Terhadap Patogen Tumbuhan
Authors: Indarti Siwi , Taryono Taryono , Supriyanta Supriyanta , Wulandari Ayu Suci
Published: April 2022

Kajian penapisan galur-galur padi terhadap serangan patogen tumbuhan merupakan tahapan penting untuk mendapatkan varietas padi unggul tahan penyakit. Tiga puluh empat galur padi dikaji penapisan untuk mengetahui tanggapannya terhadap serangan patogen tumbuhan. Penelitian dilakukan pada lahan persawahan irigasi yang merupakan daerah endemik patogen tersebut. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap (RAKL) dengan 3 blok sebagai ulangan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap kerusakan tanaman yang diakibatkan oleh berbagai jenis patogen tumbuhan meliputi bercak nekrotik kecoklatan daun yang diakibatkan oleh  jamur patogen Cercospora oryzae, penyakit blast berupa bercak daun yang berbentuk belah ketupat  di bagian tengah berwarna abu-abu yang diakibatkan oleh jamur patogen Pyricularia oryzae, busuk pelepah daun bendera yang diakibatkan oleh jamur patogen Sarocladium oryzae, bercak daun yang berukuruan sempit berwarna hijau gelap kekuningan sampai coklat yang diakibatkan oleh bakteri patogen Xanthomonas campestris, serta busuk pangkal batang yang disebabkan oleh jamur patogen Sclerotium oryzae. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gejala serangan busuk pangkal batang ditemukan pada 34 galur padi Penyakit bercak daun  menyerang hampir semua galur padi, kecuali UGM-F-00005 dan UGM-F-00033. Serangan penyakit blast tidak ditemukan pada beberapa galur yaitu UGM-F-00016, UGM-F-00018, UGM-F-00019, UGM-F-00021, UGM-F-00029 dan UGM-F-33. Penyakit busuk pelepah daun ditemukan hampir semua galur, kecuali  galur UGM-F-00028 dan UGM-F-00029.
“Menjadi Sesuatu Yang Berbeda”: Studi Gamer Perempuan Di Yogyakarta
Authors: Hutama Nurizky Adhi , Irawanto Budi
Published: April 2022

Research on female gamers is still rarely found in studies of women. Considering that currently the activity of playing games can be enjoyed by anyone, it is not limited to men. Research on women in the gaming world is still rarely touched on due to the lack of researchers/researchers who have a fairly broad/established gaming perspective. This research was conducted because the world of games, especially e-sports, has a wide impact, especially in the entertainment, advertising, and technology industries. The results of what has been done in this research can be obtained that gamers are indirectly struggling to get recognition in the game world. They also strive to show more potential and can beat male gamers in general. Because the gaming world is patriarchal, female gamers feel disadvantaged by the lack of support for them both professionally (e-sports) and casually. Because some female gamers give male gaze satisfaction to male gamers in terms of entertainment, this has an unpleasant effect on other female gamers. As well as the lack of support from women who do not create certain games in terms of fraternity. Female gamers feel that their habits or hobbies are accepted from the community side, especially from fellow non-gamers/non-gamers. This research has several limitations, including the COVID-19 pandemic in mid- 2020. And it is hoped that this research will be able to contribute to research related to games and gamers. That there is still a lot that can be explored in this discussion considering that the game will never run over time.
Perencanaan Media Sosial Dalam Sosialisasi Surat Pemberitahuan Tahunan (Spt) Tahun 2020
Authors: Dewabrata Bagas Sakti
Published: April 2022

Annual Tax Return (SPT) is a letter that is used by taxpayers to report tax calculations, tax payments, tax objects or non-tax objects, as well as assets and liabilities in accordance with the provisions of tax laws. In 2020, twitter accounts, Instagram, Facebook and Youtube The Directorate General of Taxes of the Republic of Indonesia conducted socialization about the Annual Tax Return (SPT) which aims to provide socialization to the wider community to immediately report their SPT. The purpose of this research is to see how social media planning is carried out by the Directorate General of Taxes in terms of socializing the Annual Tax Return (SPT) through social media. The main theory used in this research is the social media planning theory according to Steiner. This research is a qualitative research using a case study research method. Data collection was carried out by in-depth interviews with the social media team from the Directorate General of Taxes of the Republic of Indonesia. The main finding of this research is that social media planning is carried out through a basic approach and follows the four elements of Steiner's social media planning theory, namely types of solutions available, planning, social mechanics, and implementations.
Домашний як и его гибрид в номадном стаде монголов и бурят
Authors:   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies, Siberian Branch of the RAS (6, Sakhyanova St., 670047 Ulan-Ude, Russian Federation), Zhambalova Sesegma G.
Published: April 2022

Goals. The article aims at characterizing a unique animal of Inner and Central Asian nomads — the domestic yak (sarlyk) and its hybrid (khainak) that have been bred by Mongols and Buryats for hundreds of years. The work provides a first ethnographic insight into statistical data on yak population dynamics in synchronous and diachronous perspectives, reviews adaptive properties of the animal instrumental in surviving in extreme conditions of highlands, its exterior, breeding and behavioral specifics, economic significance. Materials and methods. The article explores literary, field and online sources to employ the methodology of comparative analysis, in particular, the comparative-historical-genetic method. Materials about yak breeding among Turkic peoples are essentially verifying by nature. Results. When it comes to declare the five traditional types of livestock bred, Mongols and Buryats mention no yak, the latter be clustered with cattle. Mongolia’s yak population ranks second worldwide — after China. The post-Socialist era witnessed an increase in yak numbers in Mongolia paralleled by a decrease in Russia. Domestic yaks have unique adaptive properties towards low oxygen partial pressure, extreme cold, and meagre fodder resources. The incomplete domestication of animals is determined by high profitability via such extensive farming techniques. Being meat, dairy and working animals, sarlyks and khainaks were most essential to the traditional economy of nomads. In the 21st century, their products become exotic and environment friendly food items, while skin, hair, wool, undercoat and other components serve as unique raw materials for light industry, pharmacology and cosmetology. Conclusions. The 21st century Mongolia with its vast yak friendly territories witnesses a significant head increase resulting in industrial processing facilities of yak raw materials nationwide. In the 1980s, the Soviets were undertaking active purposeful efforts to develop yak breeding, while the free market period decreased both numbers of animals held by Buryats and their habitat. The situation is due to the lack of demand for yak products and the lack of infrastructure for industrial processing of raw materials. The domestic yak and its hybrid had made it possible for nomads of Inner Asia — Mongols and Buryats — to significantly extend economic boundaries of their ethnic territories and inhabit montane grasslands and shrublands.
Коллекция тибетских текстов православного миссионера К. К. Стукова (1809–1883) из фондов Института монголоведения, буддологии и тибетологии СО РАН
Authors:   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies, Siberian Branch of the RAS (6 Sakhyanova St., 670047 Ulan-Ude, Russian Federation), Bazarov Andrei A. , Loshchenkov Alexey V.
Published: April 2022

Introduction. The article examines peculiarities of missionary activities performed by the Russian Orthodox Church among Buddhists of Eastern Siberia in the mid-to-late 19th century. Goals. The paper aims to analyze — in social and archaeographic perspectives — a Tibetan manuscript collection at the Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies (SB RAS) compiled through efforts of the Orthodox Christian missionary Konstantin K. Stukov (1809–1883). Materials and methods. The so called ‘cognitive history’ and certain elements of historical phenomenology serve as a methodological basis of the research. The structure of the Stukov Collection contributes to further understanding of both functioning patterns inherent to mid-to-late 19th century Buddhist communities of Eastern Siberia — and essentials of concurrent Orthodox Christian missionary endeavors across the region. The main research problem is to determine the substantial specifics of this collection for subsequent reconstruction of certain aspects in missionary activities of the priest. Conclusions. Ven. Stukov was interested in exploring worldviews and ritual practices of lay Buddhists for the cause of his missionary work. Those to be learnt knowledge areas (besides fundamental Buddhist doctrines proper) were to include visions of life characteristic of native inhabitants and largely rooted in pre-Buddhist culture of Siberia, South and Inner Asia. And the paper suggests that very interest proved crucial to the success of Ven. Stukov’s missionary deeds. The analysis claims personal initiative was an important factor of missionary work in mid-to-late 19th century Eastern Siberia integral to the then (and there) government policies at large. The article also introduces some newly discovered episodes from the biography of Konstantin K. Stukov — an Orthodox Christian priest, ethnographer, and social activist.
Между российской правовой системой и нормами шариата: судьба закона 13 мая 1830 г. «О неотступлении от общих правил при погребении мусульман»
Authors:   Institute of History, Language and Literature of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the RAS (71, Oktyabrya Ave., 450054 Ufa, Russian Federation), Azamatova Gulnaz B.
Published: April 2022

Introduction. The article deals with an aspect of religious policy of the Russian Empire in the second quarter of the nineteenth century that concerned the legal regulation of the terms of burial of the deceased, which affected the rules of burial for Muslims. It aims to analyze the case of state and police law interfering with the religious canons of Russian Muslims. Materials and methods. The office records of the Orenburg Muftiate help clarify the historiographical thesis on the controversy of the 1830 law and shed light on its social consequences. The research is based on the methodological approaches of the new imperial history and the socio-cultural analysis of Russian society as a “big society”. The research methods include comparative historical, source study, textual and psycho historical. Results. While preparing and implementing the law of 13 May 1830, “О neotstuplenii ot obshchikh pravil pri pogrebenii musulman” (On non-departure from the general rules for the burial of Muslims), the authorities used the Orenburg Muftiate, entrusted with the announcement of the law and administrative control over the parish clergy. The military administration took an active part in coordinating actions to comply with the new funeral order. The reactive policy of the authorities towards the mullahs and the population of the Bashkir cantons created tension around the religious issues. A petition to Nicholas I, attempting at a dialogue between Bashkirs and the authorities, had the opposite effect and led to increased polarization of the society and the government. Results. The legislative innovation on the unification of the terms of burial, including the territories with a Muslim population, was controversial from its very beginning. The officials in the center had a clearer understanding of the regional tasks of the administration when ready to admit that the Muslims may be excluded from the law. The Orenburg Mufti was somewhat unclear about the political plans to unify burial traditions and saw his principal goal in a diplomatic settlement of emerging bureaucratic issues. According to the present author, there is a connection between attempts to change the burial canons of Muslims and the religious agenda of the 1835 rebellion in the Urals. The state rulemaking attempt turned out to be ineffective in the realm of religious canons.
В. Н. Татищев и золотоордынские памятники Северного Кавказа
Authors:   Nasledie LLC (75, Ordzhonikidze St., 355008 Stavropol, Russian Federation), Babenko Vitaliy A. , Kolesnikova Marina E. ,   North Caucasus Federal University (1, Pushkin St., 35500 Stavropol, Russian Federation)
Published: April 2022

Introduction. The article presents insufficiently studied aspects of endeavors tackled by V. N. Tatishchev (1786–1750). His contribution to the study of antiquities in the Urals and Siberia is commonly accepted but his efforts on the research of Golden Horde monuments in the Lower Volga and North Caucasus were never decently appreciated. A prominent government official to have held different positions, he had been collecting materials for works on Russia’s history and geography since 1720. He made the preparation of maps (‘Landkarten’) and drawings to be a prerequisite for any historical research. Materials and methods. The study analyzes works by Vasily N. Tatishchev, his epistolary heritage, maps — both published and archival ones. The employed research methods include historical systemic, comparative and cartographic ones. Results. When holding the office of Astrakhan Governor from 1741 to 1745, he initiated a mapping of ruins of Golden Horde towns in the Lower Volga. In July of 1742, he arranged an expedition to Majar in the North Caucasus. The latter included engineering corps conductor A. Golokhvostov, painting apprentice M. Nekrasov, and twenty Cossacks. The participants made three drawings of Majar, several townscapes of Kizlyar and Braguny village which were sent by V. N. Tatishchev to Petersburg. In 1743, he requested the Senate to dispatch two land surveyors. S. Chichagov and S. Shchelkov arrived in the summer of 1744 to further prepare about seventy five maps including those of Greater and Minor Kabardia which were found and published in 2009 by E. Gusarova. The research materials of 1742 and 1744 were presented by Vasily N. Tatishchev in his Russian History that mentions the towns of Majar, Tatartup, and ‘Yulat’ (i.e. Julat located on the ancient site referred to as Nizhny Julat). Conclusions. The works of 1742 were pursuing purely scientific goals, while those of 1744 were to meet mainly operative needs. So, the available materials make it possible to recognize Vasily N. Tatishchev as an organizer of earliest explorations of Golden Horde monuments in the North Caucasus, such as sites of ancient Majar, Nizhny Julat, and Verkhny Dzhulat (Tatartup). Vasily N. Tatishchev’s resignation from the office of Astrakhan Governor in 1745 suspended academic investigation of monuments in the Lower Volga and North Caucasus. It is necessary to continue the search of archival materials dealing with the topic.
THE POPULIST RESPONSE TO THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE POSITIONS OF DUDA AND FERNÁNDEZ
Authors: Rak Joanna , Osiewicz Przemysław
Published: April 2022

Drawing on the theory of political myths and qualitative source analysis, this article compares political mythologies created by the presidents of Poland and Argentina. The main argument is that they struck populist notes by using conspiracy, saviour, unity, and golden age myths to legitimize government policies during the pandemic. The crisis gave rise to a search for legitimacy for anti-democratic measures limiting pluralism. These leaders persuaded their supporters to respect political changes which facilitate a gradual weakening of democratic institutions in the service of weathering the crisis. The study contributes to our understanding of the presidents’ engagement in institutional change.
COMPUTER-BASED PERSONALITY JUDGMENTS FROM DIGITAL FOOTPRINTS: THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS IN POLITICS
Authors: Tucakovic Lana , Bojic Ljubisa
Published: April 2022

Accurately forming personality judgments is of vital importance in a wide range of social interactions. Although people are able to make fairly accurate personality judgments of others, recent technological advances in machine learning made computers better at predicting personality than humans. In this review, we will focus on computer-based personality judgments and their theoretical considerations and practical implications in politics. More precisely, we will discuss (i) the use of social platforms and digital devices in collecting so-called digital footprints, (ii) personality traits that are assessed based on digital footprints, (iii) advantages and disadvantages of using computer-based personality judgments, (iv) persuasive communication based on digital footprints of personality traits, and lastly, (v) the matters of privacy and informed consent. With this review, we aim to provide a guide how to use computer-based personality judgment in a way to serve the public interest.
A GENEALOGY OF TERRORISM-COLONIAL LAW AND THE ORIGINS OF AN IDEA
Authors: Kolarski Ljiljana
Published: April 2022

Book review:

Joseph McQuade. 2021. A Genealogy of Terrorism:

Colonial law and the Origins of an Idea. Canbridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 276.
INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL BARRIERS TO EMPLOYMENT OF PWD: A CASE STUDY OF BOKA KOTORSKA (MONTENEGRO)
Authors: Jankovic Ugljesa , Stojanovic Djordje
Published: April 2022

This paper presents an overview of a research study on the position of persons with disabilities (PWD) in the labour market of the Boka Kotorska region, in the municipalities of Tivat, Kotor and Herceg Novi. This original research study is based on an analysis of the perception and attitudes of PWD regarding their position in the labour market. The study looks into the attitudes of PWD towards: education, employment, motivation to engage in employment, and the challenges they face in seeking employment in the region of Boka Kotorska. Simultaneously, it tested the impact of the different forms and types of disability, as well as age on potential employment. Data on unemployment of PWD in Boka Kotorska, combined with the activities and capacities of employers in the area of employment of PWD were analysed. The research findings indicate certain internal and external barriers in the labour market. PWD mostly face the following problems: difficulties with obtaining employment, lack of recognition of their potential, prejudice on behalf of employers regarding their skills and capacities, early abandonment of education, and physical barriers. A certain number of PWD faces limitations primarily related to low levels of motivation to: engage in employment, actively seek employment, engage in professional rehabilitation programmes, advance in education, self-employ. However, a majority of PWD wish to engage in some form of employment, in areas that are adapted to their capacities, and with modified working hours.