bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supplementary health insurance as a contribution to development of a sustainable healthcare system in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Petrović-Tomić Nataša
Published: April 2024

Law on Health Insurance regulates three types of voluntary health insurance - complementary, supplementary and private health insurance. These are promising insurance products and the author selected supplementary health insurance. What is the potential of this type of cover? What are conditions for its development? Are the institutional prerequisites for creating a sustainable healthcare system fulfilled in our legislation? After analyzing the relationship between supplementary and voluntary health insurance, the author singles out the health literacy of citizens, potential service users as a prevailing factor in the current regulatory framework. By promoting supplementary health insurance as a product directly linked to compulsory health insurance a message is being sent that the healthcare cost risk in one part of compulsory healthcare can be transferred to insurers offering voluntary health insurance. Author proves that this encourages the inclusion of private insurers in financing the costs of compulsory healthcare, thus achieving cooperation between the private and state sectors with the aim of sustainable development of the healthcare system.
A contribution for the analysis of the economy of the Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo 1974-1981
Authors: Miketić Uroš
Published: April 2024

The economy of Kosovo entered the period 1974-1981 burdened with numerous problems. Constitutional changes led to the economy of the republics and provinces being divided into special systems. The leaders of Kosovo were adamant about using raw materials instead of the manufacturing sector, which would create more jobs. As a result, agriculture fell further and further behind, so the difference in development between industrial and agricultural municipalities was increasingly visible. Yugoslavia and Serbia generously financed Kosovo through the Development Credit Fund for Economically Underdeveloped Areas and supplementary budget funds. Additionally, Kosovo had the greatest access to International Bank loans of any region. The more developed republics demonstrated little interest in funding Kosovo's extravagant spending and incorrect economic policies, and Serbia was forced to allocate more money for Kosovo than for impoverished towns within its smaller borders. It was a common rumour in Priština that insufficient funds were allocated for Kosovo. The growing lag was not the result of a lack of funds but of the galloping birth rate of the Albanian community. Citizens, especially Albanians, believed that Serbia and Yugoslavia were taking advantage of them, which had political consequences in the 1981 demonstrations. One particular economic issue was unemployment. Given the policy of balancing the total number of employed Albanians with their participation in the population in terms of Albanian birth rates, it reflected more on Serbs and Montenegrins. The proportion of Albanians among the staff rose sharply and continuously, while the proportion of Serbs increased slightly, and the proportion of Montenegrins either decreased or stagnated. Due to the national key policy, one Serb or Montenegrin was employed for every ten Albanians (sometimes up to 20). Albanian separatists were successful in making bilingualism a requirement for employment in job competitions, regardless of whether it was specifically requested or preferred. International relations within enterprises were disrupted. The disorder was manifested through verbal and physical pressures in which the Serbs and Montenegrins, being the few, were inferior. Separatists successfully pursued a policy of removing Serb-Montenegrin cadres and workers to make them leave. In roughly 15% of cases, economic issues were the catalyst for Serbs and Montenegrins to leave Kosovo. The majority of Albanians also left for these reasons, but to work abroad.
Onomastics of Aleksinac's village of Korman
Authors: Stefanović Dušan
Published: April 2024

This paper presents the onomastic material from Korman, a village located in the northwestern part of Pomoravlje of Aleksinac. After some remarks about the village itself, the paper contains a list of microtoponyms as well as a list of anthroponyms, including surnames, male personal names, female personal names, male nicknames, female nicknames, male hypocoristics and female hypocoristics. The main reason for extracting the onomastic material from Korman is that it has not yet been presented to the scientific public and the material presented in this paper will serve for future broader onomastic research.
Memorial church in Gornji Adrovac as a symbol of Serbo-Russian cultural, political, national, and artistic ties in the late 19th and early 20th century
Authors: Kostić Ana , Rakonjac Teodora
Published: April 2024

During the Serbo-Turkish wars (1876-1878), a Russian volunteer, Colonel Nikolaj Nikolajevich Raevsky, died in a battle at Golo Brdo, the place near the village Gornji Adrovac. One of the monuments built in his honour is a memorial church erected in the place where he was shot. This paper discusses the erection of the memorial church in light of the political circumstances and the national ties between Russia and Serbia during the second half of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. The Church in Gornji Adrovac itself stands as a representation of good political, national, and religious ties between Serbia and Russia, as well as an example of artistic transfer and aesthetical ideal in the religious art of the time.
Personality traits, self-esteem and menstrual cycle as correlates of consumer impulsiveness and regret
Authors: Vujović Tanja , Ranđelović Dušan , Tripković Anđelka
Published: April 2024

The paper examines consumer impulsiveness and post-purchase dissonance among female students as well as their relationship with personality traits, self-esteem and menstrual cycle. The study involved 253 female students pursuing Bachelor's, Master's and PhD degrees at the Faculty of Economics, Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Law, Faculty of Philosophy, Faculty of Technical Sciences and Faculty of Arts of the University of Priština in Kosovska Mitrovica. The instruments used in the study were the impulsiveness scale, the consumer regret scale, and the self-esteem scale. The analysis indicated that these are highly reliable instruments whose items can be regarded as homogeneous and representative. The results obtained show that consumer impulsiveness among the female students is at an average level, whereas the post-purchase regret is at a lower level compared to the theoretical average. In addition, a positive correlation was found between consumer impulsiveness and neuroticism, while self-esteem has a negative correlation with consumer impulsiveness and is its significant predictor. On the other hand, there is a negative relationship between post-purchase regret and cooperativeness, conscientiousness, openness to experience, and self-esteem. Conscientiousness and self-esteem can also be identified as predictors of post-purchase regret among female students, with self-esteem having a greater independent contribution.
PRESENTACIÓN: El terrorismo contemporáneo: lecturas desde el cine, el documental y la literatura
Authors: Martínez Álvarez Josefina , Rodríguez Jiménez José Luis
Published: April 2024

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Del olvido al protagonismo. La representación de las víctimas de ETA en el cine español
Authors: De Pablo Santiago
Published: April 2024

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Las novelas de Raúl Guerra sobre el terrorismo de ETA
Authors: Rodríguez Jiménez José Luis
Published: April 2024

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La infancia arrebatada. La figura del menor víctima del terrorismo en el cine y la literatura en torno a ETA
Authors: Labiano Roncesvalles
Published: April 2024

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La “cláusula de conciencia” de los periodistas: un derecho en defensa de su dignidad profesional
Authors: Oliver Araujo Joan
Published: April 2024

El art. 20.1.d) CE, tras reconocer el derecho a comunicar y recibir libremente información veraz, afirma que «la ley regulará el derecho a la cláusula de conciencia» en el ejercicio de estas libertades. Tras una dilatada espera y después de varias proposiciones legislativas fallidas, la Ley Orgánica 2/1997, de 19 de junio, reguló este derecho fundamental de los profesionales de la información, que tiene como objeto garantizar la independencia en el desempeño de su actividad profesional. En este trabajo hemos analizado, en primer lugar, el alcance (subjetivo, objetivo, procedimental y temporal) del ejercicio de este derecho durante los algo más de veinticinco años en que esta norma lleva en vigor. En un segundo momento, nos hemos preguntado por su verdadera eficacia ¿Es, realmente, la cláusula de conciencia, un instrumento eficaz para proteger la libertad de información de los periodistas? La respuesta debe ser necesariamente matizada. En efecto, si bien es cierto que el profesional de la información podrá salvar su prestigio y su dignidad profesionales, rescindiendo su contrato de trabajo y recibiendo una indemnización, no puede tampoco olvidarse que perderá su puesto de trabajo y, posiblemente, incrementará las listas del paro, al menos por un tiempo. Además, el miedo del periodista a ganarse fama de trabajador díscolo o conflictivo si se desvincula de su empresa ejerciendo el derecho a la cláusula de conciencia, son factores que coadyuvan a que muchos profesionales opten por ceder ante las presiones de su empresa, buscando soluciones de compromiso. Si un periodista invoca con eficacia la cláusula de conciencia percibirá una indemnización, pero nadie le puede asegurar que vuelva a pisar una redacción. Ello explica, en no poca medida, la escasa jurisprudencia constitucional en esta materia, y no solo en España.
Crítica a la jerarquización y ponderación de derechos fundamentales desde una perspectiva armonizadora
Authors: Aparicio Aldana Rebeca Karina
Published: April 2024

La teoría armonizadora afirma la inexistencia de conflictos entre derechos fundamentales debido a que estos nacen ajustados por la natural coexistencia y las particulares circunstancias que rodean su ejercicio. La dignidad humana, como título de los derechos fundamental sirve de fundamento al neoconstitucionalismo. Sin embargo, este se ha visto afectado por el pensamiento moderno que, asentado en el individualismo, el olvido de la razón práctica y el positivismo jurídico permite el nacimiento de la teoría conflictivista que sostiene la existencia de colisiones entre derechos fundamentales. Ello se soluciona a través de una jerarquización abstracta o ponderación concreta entre de derechos, operaciones que permiten restringir uno de los derechos en conflicto. Este artículo desarrolla una crítica al conflictivismo detectando algunas de sus inconsistencias, desde una perspectiva armonizadora.
Does Teacher Burnout and Academic Stress Influence Teacher Effectiveness – A Systematic Review
Authors: Gorain Shishupal , Kalhotra Satish
Published: April 2024

The current study aims to investigate whether teacher burnout and academic stress hinder the effectiveness of secondary school teachers. To identify the research gap, a systematic review of pertinent literature concerning teacher effectiveness and related variables, including demographic factors, was conducted. The following steps were undertaken: Initially, literature was searched across various platforms such as Google, libraries, and books, resulting in the retrieval of 30 survey research papers from diverse journals. Subsequently, these studies were systematically analyzed and discussed, with findings summarized in a table spanning pages 2 and 3. The systematic review adhered to specific steps to survey the related literature. Firstly, during the planning stage, clear "inclusion and exclusion criteria" were established to systematically identify relevant literature. Secondly, in the review stage, a comprehensive "Summary of the Findings" was meticulously analyzed and discussed following the recording of identified studies in a "Systematic Review Table."
Deine Botschaft ist meine Burg
Authors: Brunner Manuel
Published: April 2024

Am 5. April 2024 drangen in der ecuadorianischen Hauptstadt Quito Polizeieinheiten in die Botschaft von Mexiko ein, um den ehemaligen Vizepräsidenten Ecuadors, Jorge David Glas Espinel, zu ergreifen. In der internationalen Gemeinschaft löste die Erstürmung der Botschaft Entrüstung aus. Die mexikanische Regierung erwägt nunmehr, Ecuador in der Angelegenheit vor dem Internationalen Gerichtshof in Den Haag zu verklagen. Eine solche Klage dürfte erfolgreich sein, auch wenn die mexikanische Position nicht in Gänze unproblematisch ist, da die Gewährung der Zuflucht in der Botschaft nach den lateinamerikanischen Völkerrechtsregeln rechtswidrig sein könnte.
Kansakunnan haavat
Authors: Kivimäki Ville , Tepora Tuomas
Published: April 2024

Sodat ovat keskeisessä roolissa, kun ihmiset ja ihmisyhteisöt määrittelevät omaa historiallista identiteettiään. Menneiden sotien muistamisessa ei ole kyse vain sankaritarinoista, vaan kollektiivinen muisti käsittelee myös väkivallan rikkovia ja traumaattisia merkityksiä. Yhdistämällä egyptologi Jan Assmannin kulttuurisen muistin näkökulman psykiatri Vamık D. Volkanin ”valittujen traumojen” käsitteeseen ja sosiologi Jeffrey C. Alexanderin kulttuurisen trauman määritelmään artikkeli syventää ymmärrystä siitä, miten ja miksi ihmisyhteisöt muistavat sotiin liittyviä väkivalta- ja menetyskokemuksia. Artikkeli hahmottelee teoreettista mallia sodan muistikulttuurien tarkasteluun erityisesti demokraattisissa yhteiskunnissa, joissa menneisyyden käsittely on moniäänisempää ja ristiriitaisempaa kuin autoritäärisissä, tiukasti valtion kontrolloimissa muistikulttuureissa.
Bedarf an Zahnärztinnen und Zahnärzten mit Weiterbildung in Endodontologie laut Mitgliedern der Schweizerischen Zahnärztegesellschaft
Authors: Marending Monika , Zehnder Matthias
Published: April 2024

This questionary-based study was financed by the Swiss Society for Endodontology (SSE). At the time of this survey (2022) there were merely 20 board-certified endodontists in Switzerland, and 239 other members of the SSE, i.e. general practitioners with some form of post-graduate endodontic training or a keen interest in the field. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the need for a higher number of trained endodontists as viewed by the general population of dentists in Switzerland. An electronic questionary in either German, French, or Italian was sent to all 4072 active members of the Swiss Dental Association (SSO). The questionnaire focused on the background of the surveyed dentists, their willingness to refer endodontic cases to a specialist or colleague with a focus on endodontics, their propensity to do so, and their perceived need for endodontists in their region. The response rate was 21%, and was similar between the different regions and cantons. Seventy-nine (9%) of the dentists participating in the survey were members of the SSE, while 16 (2%) were board-certified. Merely 7% of the participants received endodontic referrals themselves, while 81% referred cases in some instances. However, only 13% of participants referred endodontic cases always or regularly. The main reason for not referring was the belief by the surveyed dentists that they could perform the endodontic treatments themselves. Long distance to the next endodontic specialist or expert was the second most frequently given reason not to refer cases. A total of 58% of the participants believed that there were enough endodontists in Switzerland to cover the encountered clinical problems.
Aplicación de recursos audiovisuales en estudiantes universitarios en sectores rurales
Authors: Salazar-Palomino Sandra , Huamán Romaní Yersi Luis , Szczcpansky-Grobas David , Alarcón-Sucasaca Aldo
Published: April 2024

La preferencia sobre un aprendizaje en papel (tradicional) o un aprendizaje audipvisual (electrónico) trajo consigo al aprendizaje híbrido cuya preferencia en los estudiantes es mucho mayor debido a la interacción con los medios digitales y audiovisuales. El objetivo general es analizar y describir las experiencias de los estudiantes universitarios sobre el aprendizaje en papel llamado tradicional y el aprendizaje audiovisual llamado aprendizaje electrónico, para el cual se usó la metodología de tipo cuantitativo descriptivo y correlacional con un instrumento de medición a través de una encuesta anónima y de forma voluntaria con 1240participantes. Los resultados tienen estadísticos aceptables y se demuestran con el análisis factorial confirmatorio, demostrando lapreferencia del aprendizaje híbrido. Conclusión, los estudiantes solicitan que las universidades implementen esta metodología (híbrido) para trabajar de manera adecuada y tener a futuro una educación de calidad.
STUDY OF THE RHEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF VEGETABLE OILS
Authors:   Technical University of Gabrovo, Hristov Hristo , Bonev Plamen , Iliev Georgy
Published: April 2024

One of the most important properties of liquids is their viscosity. It characterizes the magnitude of the internal friction when the individual layers of the liquid change relative to each other. A study was conducted to determine the effect of higher shear rates on the absolute viscosity of vegetable oil at various temperatures from 3 to 100°C. The absolute viscosity of the vegetable oil was determined using the HAAKE MARS iQ Air, a rotating viscometer with a coaxial cylinder. Based on the rheograms, it is observed that the vegetable oil is most viscous at 100°C and least viscous at 3°C. The absolute viscosity of vegetable oil is reported to decrease with increasing temperature.
NANOHARDNESS AND MODULE OF ELASTICITY OF CR-BASED NITRIDE COATINGS DEPOSITED AT TEMPERATURES BELOW 200°C
Authors:   Central Laboratory of Applied Physics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Chitanov Vassiliy , Zlatareva Ekaterina ,   Central Laboratory of Applied Physics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Kolaklieva Lilyana ,   Central Laboratory of Applied Physics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Kakanakov1 Roumen ,   Central Laboratory of Applied Physics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Cholakova1 Tetiana , Kolchev Stefan ,   Central Laboratory of Applied Physics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Pashinski Chavdar ,   Technical University – Sofia
Published: April 2024

Sets of Cr-based hard coatings were prepared via reactive closed field unbalanced magnetron sputtering (CFUBMS). Substrate temperature was kept in range of 150 to 200ºC during deposition. Nanohardness (H) andeffective modulus of elasticity (E*) of the CrN, CrAlN, CrTiN and CrTiAlN coatings were examined using depth-sensing indentationmethod. The results from the combined examination of the research ratios showed that the triple and quaternary hard coatings have superior mechanical properties and they strongly depend on the deposition conditions
MACHINING OF TOOTH PROFILES ON CNC MACHINES
Authors:   Technical University of Gabrovo, Yakimov Hristo , Aleksandrova Irina , Mitev Yosif
Published: April 2024

Conventional methods of tooth machining using worm modular milling cutters, gear wheels and gear combs have common disadvantages - they require specialized equipment, are characterized by complex readjustment and relatively low productivity, which are eliminated in skiving. This paper views the possibilities for machining tooth profiles by means of skiving on CNC turning and milling machines. A new version of the kinematics of the process upon cutting inclined teeth has been implemented, where the feed is in the direction of the tooth, no correction in the angular speed is required and a skiving tool profiled according to the profile of the machined surface is used. Meshing of a tooth pair with crossed axes is reproduced. As a result of the crossing, slipping of the profiles occurs, which is the main cutting motion. The cutting speed, as a determining mode factor, can vary widely and depends on a number of design and technological parameters. Single-factor experiments have been conducted to determine the influence of the conditions of the implementation of the skiving process (the crossing angle of the tool axes and the workpiece, determining the magnitude of the cutting speed, and feed rate) on the quality parameters of the machined surfaces (tooth profile deviation, tooth direction deviation, accumulated pitch error, largest pitch difference and radial runout error) and the corresponding graphical dependencies have been constructed. A 7- 12 degree of accuracy of the machined tooth profiles has been ensured.
INDUSTRIAL ASSEMBLY LINE OPERATION
Authors:   Technical University of Sofia, Taneva Albena , Atanasova Desislava , Kutrynski Krum , Petrov Michail
Published: April 2024

The idea of this paper is to present basic components of a flexible assembly system (FAS), discuss it characteristics, classify the systems and describe an application. This equipment offers professional training according to the industrial reality, simulating a real assembly process and including different technologies from Industry 4.0. The FAS consists of an automated flexible assembly cell with five different stages: assembly, handling, quality inspection, transfer and warehouse. It is the ideal answer to research and training in industrial automation. The main advantage is that it has fully modularity in keeping with industrial reality. The technologies included in its different assembly modules, as well as the assembly process with several variants, allow the user to develop the professional skills required by advanced automation. In this work the conventional control approach is presented with programmable logic controllers (PLC) and SCADA level.
Hope Box untuk Duafa
Authors: Ambarwati Auliah , Karim Kairuddin , Gan Siti Sarah Alyasa- , Roslan Amirah Khadijah , Syahril Muh. Akbar Fhad , Wiwin Wiwin
Published: April 2024

Program pengabdian masyarakat dengan tema "HOPE BOX untuk DUAFA" merupakan kolaborasi dalam community service antara Institut Ilmu Sosial dan Bisnis Andi Sapada dengan The Faculty of Business Management and Professional Studies, Management and Science University, Malaysia. Pengadian kepada Masyarakat dibiayai oleh kedua Institusi yang kemudian dikonversi dalam bentuk box yang berisi berbagai macam barang seperti pakaian, obat-obatan, dan lain-lain. Hasil dari kegiatan ini mencakup peningkatan kesejahteraan Masyarakat khususnya kaum duafa yang hidup dibawah garis kemiskinan yang dalam kehidupan sehari-hari kebutuhan mereka belum cukup terpenuhi. Selain itu, Masyarakat pada umumnya dapat lebih terbuka untuk melaksanakan kegiatan-kegiatan serupa.
Meningkatkan Kesadaran Hukum bagi Tahanan di Rumah Tahanan Negara Kelas IIB Barru
Authors: Aris Ardiyanti , Paluaran Delvi , Makmur Andi Fauzan , Aprilia Elma , Darmawansah Sigit
Published: April 2024

Program pengabdian masyarakat, menjadi suatu konsep pengenalan hukum terhadap tahanan di Rumah Tahanan Negara Kelas IIB Barru. Sehingga mereka memiliki kesempatan untuk melontarkan berbagai pertanyaan sesuai dengan keadaan hukum yang menjerat mereka sehingga mendapat akses pengetahuan hukum, yang kemudian dapat membantu dalam meningkatkan semangat dalam menghadapi proses hukum dan menjalani masa pidana dengan aman tanpa adanya gangguan psikologis yang disebabkan oleh ketidaktahuan tentang hukum.
Optimalisasi Kemampuan Mendengarkan untuk Sukses dalam TOEFL
Authors: Muallim Muajiz , Hasanah Nurul , Rahmat Hesti
Published: April 2024

Kemampuan mendengarkan (listening skill) merupakan aspek yang sangat penting dalam persiapan tes TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) yang mencakup pemahaman mendalam terhadap berbagai variasi aksen dan situasi percakapan dalam bahasa Inggris. Program pelatihan daring sepuluh pertemuan ini dirancang untuk meningkatkan "listening skill" peserta dalam persiapan TOEFL, yang melibatkan siswa, mahasiswa, alumni, dan masyarakat umum. Program ini bertujuan untuk memberikan dasar yang kuat bagi peserta dalam meraih kesuksesan dalam tes TOEFL dan mengembangkan kemampuan berbahasa Inggris yang berguna dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan. Melalui program ini, peserta mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan dalam kemampuan mendengarkan, terutama dalam pemahaman variasi aksen dalam bahasa Inggris. Mereka juga merasa lebih siap dalam menghadapi situasi percakapan dalam konteks akademik. Peningkatan skor TOEFL peserta, rasa percaya diri yang ditingkatkan dalam berkomunikasi dalam bahasa Inggris, dan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang bahasa Inggris adalah hasil yang dicapai dalam program ini. Kesuksesan program pelatihan "listening skill" ini menyoroti pentingnya mempersiapkan peserta untuk menghadapi tes TOEFL dan mengembangkan kemampuan berbahasa Inggris yang kuat di dunia yang semakin terhubung secara global.
Pergi Bertanya Pulang Bercerita: Dialog Migrasi Orang Jawa di Parepare
Authors: Purwanda Sunardi
Published: April 2024

Kota Parepare telah tumbuh dan berkembang dengan berbagai ungkapan, tradisi, kepercayaan, dan nilai. Keragaman ini tidak dapat dipisahkan dari heterogenitas penduduk yang mendiami kota. Interaksi sosial yang terjadi antara penduduk pasti telah terjalin dan berlangsung untuk waktu yang lama. Namun, bagaimana heterogenitas ini diciptakan? Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran tentang topik tersebut: Kisah Kedatangan Orang Jawa di Parepare. Selain itu, tujuan dari kegiatan ini juga untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dalam mengenali kota Parepare, memahami masyarakat, memahami bagaimana situasi dan kondisi membentuk wajah kota dan masyarakat, serta mempertahankan dan mempromosikan harmoni masyarakat. Kegiatan ini bersifat melakukan kegiatan penelitian sebelum diolah menjadi karya cetak atau rekaman, peserta atau pencipta karya dalam program ini melakukan observasi, merencanakan dan melaksanakan tindakan penelitian, wawancara, mempelajari literatur atau karya sastra, kemudian hasilnya dituangkan dalam bentuk karya tulis (sastra atau ilmiah), karya visual (foto, lukisan, desain grafis), dan karya audio-visual (video atau film). Hasilnya kemudian diseminarkan melalui buku, pameran, dialog, seminar, dan simposium.
Sobre fronteras y otros caminos posibles
Authors: Creus Amalia
Published: April 2024

En el prólogo de su libro Itinerarios transculturales, James Clifford (1999) plantea una premisa sugerente. Nos propone comprender la ubicación humana no solo como inmovilidad, sino como movimiento. Residencia y viaje, desplazamiento y permanencia serían, desde esta perspectiva, las dos caras de una misma moneda. La propuesta es provocadora: si bien las prácticas de tránsito e interacción se pueden reconocer como situaciones cruciales de nuestra época, el localismo cultural predominante sigue afirmando que la existencia social auténtica está, o debería estar, conectada a lugares cerrados.
Legal regulation of the cost of legislation
Authors: Orlov Dmitry Viktorovich
Published: April 2024

In lawmaking, there are situations when draft normative legal acts do not reach the entry into force stage. In some cases, the reason is non-compliance with formal requirements, poor elaboration of the act, and in some cases, incorrect calculations or inexpediency of expenses. A large number of changes are often made to already adopted regulations in order to correct previously incorrect decisions, as well as adjust the financial security of their implementation. These situations are aggravated by various circumstances, including, for example, difficult economic conditions and the international situation, calling for a compromise between costs and regulatory effectiveness. Such problems and circumstances show the importance of studying the cost of legal regulation, one of the aspects of which is the study of the normative consolidation of rules regarding the determination of the cost of law-making and the implementation of accepted norms. Based on this, the subject of this study is normative legal acts that establish the need to study and fix the costs of law-making and the costs associated with planning the implementation of norms, as well as the requirements for the content of the financial and economic justification as an accompanying document of the draft normative legal act. The author comes to the conclusion that despite the significant importance and the real need for regulatory legal consolidation, the assessment of the costs of lawmaking is not regulated anywhere. On the contrary, the requirements for estimating the planned costs of legal realization are regulated in a variety of subordinate regulatory legal acts and in most cases these provisions are duplicated. Regulatory impact assessment and actual impact assessment are currently carried out in relation to business entities and other economic activities and only in relation to costs arising in connection with the fulfillment of regulatory requirements.
Dynamic behaviors analysis of fraction-order neural network under memristive electromagnetic induction
Authors: Ding Da-Wei , Wang Mou-Yuan , Wang Jin , Yang Zong-Li , Niu Yan , Wang Wei ,   School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
Published: April 2024

The dynamic behaviors of coupled neurons with different mathematical representations have received more and more attention in recent years. The coupling among heterogeneous neurons can show richer dynamic phenomena, which is of great significance in understanding the function of the human brain. In this paper, we present a fraction-order heterogeneous network with three neurons, which is built by coupling an FN neuron with two HR neurons. Complex electromagnetic surroundings have meaningful physical influence on the electrical activities of neurons. To imitate the effects of electromagnetic induction on the three-neuron heterogeneous network, we introduce a fraction-order locally active memristor in the neural network. The characteristics of this memristor are carefully analyzed by pinched hysteresis loops and its locally active characteristic is proved by the power-off plot and the DC v-i plot. Then, the parameter-dependent dynamic activities are investigated numerically by using several dynamical analysis methods, such as the phase diagrams, bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov exponent spectra, and attraction basins. In addition, the network also reveals rich dynamic behaviors, including coexisting activities, anti-monotonicity phenomena, transient chaos and firing patterns, providing support for further investigating the firing patterns of the human brain. In particular, complex dynamics, including coexisting attractors, anti-monotonicity, and firing patterns, can be influenced by the order and strength of electrical synaptic coupling and electromagnetic induction. The control of the bistable state can be realized through the time feedback control method, so that the bistable state can be transformed into an ideal monostable state. The study of the fraction-order memristive neural network may expand the field of view for understanding the collective behaviors of neurons. Finally, based on the ARM platform, we give a digital implementation of the fraction-order memristive neural network, which can verify the consistency with the numerical simulation results. In the future, we will explore more interesting memristive neural networks and study different types of methods to control the firing behaviors of the networks.
Evolution and diversity of biomineralized columnar architecture in early Cambrian phosphatic-shelled brachiopods
Authors: Zhang Zhiliang , Zhang Zhifei , Holmer Lars , Topper Timothy P , Pan Bing , Li Guoxiang
Published: April 2024

Biologically-controlled mineralization producing organic-inorganic composites (hard skeletons) by metazoan biomineralizers has been an evolutionary innovation since the earliest Cambrian. Among them, linguliform brachiopods are one of the key invertebrates that secrete calcium phosphate minerals to build their shells. One of the most distinct shell structures is the organo-phosphatic cylindrical column exclusive to phosphatic-shelled brachiopods, including both crown and stem groups. However, the complexity, diversity, and biomineralization processes of these microscopic columns are far from clear in brachiopod ancestors. Here, exquisitely well-preserved columnar shell ultrastructures are reported for the first time in the earliest eoobolids Latusobolus xiaoyangbaensis gen. et sp. nov. and Eoobolus acutulus sp. nov. from the Cambrian Series 2 Shuijingtuo Formation of South China. The hierarchical shell architectures, epithelial cell moulds, and the shape and size of cylindrical columns are scrutinised in these new species. Their calcium phosphate-based biomineralized shells are mainly composed of stacked sandwich columnar units. The secretion and construction of the stacked sandwich model of columnar architecture, which played a significant role in the evolution of linguliforms, is highly biologically controlled and organic-matrix mediated. Furthermore, a continuous transformation of anatomic features resulting from the growth of diverse columnar shells is revealed between Eoobolidae, Lingulellotretidae, and Acrotretida, shedding new light on the evolutionary growth and adaptive innovation of biomineralized columnar architecture among early phosphatic-shelled brachiopods during the Cambrian explosion.
Bone canonical Wnt signaling is downregulated in type 2 diabetes and associates with higher advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) content and reduced bone strength
Authors: Leanza Giulia , Cannata Francesca , Faraj Malak , Pedone Claudio , Viola Viola , Tramontana Flavia , Pellegrini Niccolò , Vadalà Gianluca , Piccoli Alessandra , Strollo Rocky , Zalfa Francesca , Beeve Alec T , Scheller Erica L , Tang Simon Y , Civitelli Roberto , Maccarrone Mauro , Papalia Rocco , Napoli Nicola
Published: April 2024

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with higher fracture risk, despite normal or high bone mineral density. We reported that bone formation genes (SOST and RUNX2) and advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) were impaired in T2D. We investigated Wnt signaling regulation and its association with AGEs accumulation and bone strength in T2D from bone tissue of 15 T2D and 21 non-diabetic postmenopausal women undergoing hip arthroplasty. Bone histomorphometry revealed a trend of low mineralized volume in T2D (T2D 0.249% [0.156–0.366]) vs non-diabetic subjects 0.352% [0.269–0.454]; p=0.053, as well as reduced bone strength (T2D 21.60 MPa [13.46–30.10] vs non-diabetic subjects 76.24 MPa [26.81–132.9]; p=0.002). We also showed that gene expression of Wnt agonists LEF-1 (p=0.0136) and WNT10B (p=0.0302) were lower in T2D. Conversely, gene expression of WNT5A (p=0.0232), SOST (p<0.0001), and GSK3B (p=0.0456) were higher, while collagen (COL1A1) was lower in T2D (p=0.0482). AGEs content was associated with SOST and WNT5A (r=0.9231, p<0.0001; r=0.6751, p=0.0322), but inversely correlated with LEF-1 and COL1A1 (r=–0.7500, p=0.0255; r=–0.9762, p=0.0004). SOST was associated with glycemic control and disease duration (r=0.4846, p=0.0043; r=0.7107, p=0.00174), whereas WNT5A and GSK3B were only correlated with glycemic control (r=0.5589, p=0.0037; r=0.4901, p=0.0051). Finally, Young’s modulus was negatively correlated with SOST (r=−0.5675, p=0.0011), AXIN2 (r=−0.5523, p=0.0042), and SFRP5 (r=−0.4442, p=0.0437), while positively correlated with LEF-1 (r=0.4116, p=0.0295) and WNT10B (r=0.6697, p=0.0001). These findings suggest that Wnt signaling and AGEs could be the main determinants of bone fragility in T2D.
LRMP inhibits cAMP potentiation of HCN4 channels by disrupting intramolecular signal transduction
Authors: Peters Colin H , Singh Rohit K , Langley Avery A , Nichols William G , Ferris Hannah R , Jeffrey Danielle A , Proenza Catherine , Bankston John R
Published: April 2024

Lymphoid restricted membrane protein (LRMP) is a specific regulator of the hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-sensitive isoform 4 (HCN4) channel. LRMP prevents cAMP-dependent potentiation of HCN4 but the interaction domains, mechanisms of action, and basis for isoform-specificity remain unknown. Here we identify the domains of LRMP essential for regulation. We show that LRMP acts by disrupting the intramolecular signal transduction between cyclic nucleotide binding and gating. And we demonstrate that multiple unique regions in HCN4 are required for LRMP isoform-specificity. Using patch clamp electrophysiology and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), we showed that the initial 227 residues of LRMP and the N-terminus of HCN4 are necessary for LRMP to interact with HCN4. We found that the HCN4 N-terminus and HCN4-specific residues in the C-linker are necessary for regulation of HCN4 by LRMP. And we demonstrate that LRMP-regulation can be conferred to HCN2 by addition of the HCN4 N-terminus along with mutation of 5 residues in the S5 region and C-linker to the cognate HCN4 residues. Taken together, these results suggest that LRMP inhibits HCN4 through an isoform-specific interaction involving the N-terminals of both proteins that prevents the transduction of cAMP binding into a change in channel gating via an HCN4-specific orientation of the N-terminus, C-linker, and S4-S5 linker.
Fluid mechanics of luminal transport in actively contracting endoplasmic reticulum
Authors: Htet Pyae Hein , Avezov Edward , Lauga Eric
Published: April 2024

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the largest cellular compartment, harbours the machinery for the biogenesis of secretory proteins and lipids, calcium storage/mobilisation, and detoxification. It is shaped as layered membranous sheets interconnected with a network of tubules extending throughout the cell. Understanding the influence of the ER morphology dynamics on molecular transport may offer clues to rationalising neuro-pathologies caused by ER morphogen mutations. It remains unclear, however, how the ER facilitates its intra-luminal mobility and homogenises its content. It has been recently proposed that intra-luminal transport may be enabled by active contractions of ER tubules. To surmount the barriers to empirical studies of the minuscule spatial and temporal scales relevant to ER nanofluidics, here we exploit the principles of viscous fluid dynamics to generate a theoretical physical model emulating in silico the content motion in actively contracting nanoscopic tubular networks. The computational model reveals the luminal particle speeds, and their impact in facilitating active transport, of the active contractile behaviour of the different ER components along various time–space parameters. The results of the model indicate that reproducing transport with velocities similar to those reported experimentally in single-particle tracking would require unrealistically high values of tubule contraction site length and rate. Considering further nanofluidic scenarios, we show that width contractions of the ER’s flat domains (perinuclear sheets) generate local flows with only a short-range effect on luminal transport. Only contractions of peripheral sheets can reproduce experimental measurements, provided they are able to contract fast enough.
Embryonic origins of forebrain oligodendrocytes revisited by combinatorial genetic fate mapping
Authors: Cai Yuqi , Zhao Zhirong , Shi Mingyue , Zheng Mingfang , Gong Ling , He Miao
Published: April 2024

Multiple embryonic origins give rise to forebrain oligodendrocytes (OLs), yet controversies and uncertainty exist regarding their differential contributions. We established intersectional and subtractional strategies to genetically fate map OLs produced by medial ganglionic eminence/preoptic area (MGE/POA), lateral/caudal ganglionic eminences (LGE/CGE), and dorsal pallium in the mouse brain. We found that, contrary to the canonical view, LGE/CGE-derived OLs make minimum contributions to the neocortex and corpus callosum, but dominate piriform cortex and anterior commissure. Additionally, MGE/POA-derived OLs, instead of being entirely eliminated, make small but sustained contribution to cortex with a distribution pattern distinctive from those derived from the dorsal origin. Our study provides a revised and more comprehensive view of cortical and white matter OL origins, and established valuable new tools and strategies for future OL studies.
Satisfação no trabalho e saúde mental: um estudo com trabalhadores de empresa montadora de eventos
Authors: Souza Rodrigo Rodrigues , Oliveira Camila Cristina de , Barbosa Marcus Levi Lopes
Published: April 2024

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar a relação entre a satisfação no trabalho e a saúde mental dos trabalhadores de uma empresa montadora de eventos. Os trabalhadores envolvidos na montagem das estruturas de eventos enfrentam condições desafiadoras, como trabalhos pesados, exposição a condições climáticas adversas e riscos de acidentes. Participaram do estudo 77 funcionários homens que desempenham funções relacionadas à montagem, desmontagem, cargas e descargas dos materiais da empresa. Foram utilizados como instrumentos um questionário sociodemográfico, o Inventário de Saúde Mental (ISM-5) e a Escala de Satisfação no Trabalho (EST). A pesquisa seguiu os princípios éticos estabelecidos e foi aprovada no Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa com Seres Humanos (parecer número: 6.256.059). O estudo identificou que a saúde mental dos trabalhadores desta área está relacionada à satisfação no trabalho (r = 0, 282; p < 0,05), indicando que níveis mais baixos de saúde mental estão associados a níveis mais baixos de satisfação em várias dimensões do trabalho.
Концентрация напряжений в антифрикционных полимерных композитах,армированных ориентированными волокнами
Authors: Колесников В.И. , Сычев А.П. , Бардушкин В.В. , Сычев А.А. , Мигаль Ю.Ф.
Published: April 2024

Решается задача построения модели прогнозирования значений локальных упругих характеристик антифрикционных полимерных композитов, определяемых оператором концентрации напряжений (тензором четвертого ранга). Указанный тензор связывает значения локальных (внутренних) напряжений в каждом элементе неоднородности композита со значениями средних (внешних)напряжений в материале. Построенная модель опирается на обобщенное сингулярное приближение теории случайных полей, используемое при решении стохастического дифференциального уравнения равновесия упругой среды. С помощью указанного приближения возможен анализ изменения значений компонент оператора концентрации напряжений в зависимости от состава, структуры и объемного содержания наполнителей композита. Объектом моделирования являются многокомпонентные трибокомпозиты на основе эпоксидного связующего ЭД-20, армированные волокнами бесщелочного стекла и политетрафторэтилена. Полагается, что стеклянные волокна ориентированы вдоль осей х и у прямоугольной системы координат, а волокна политетрафторэтилена - только в направлении оси х. Это соответствует армированию материала стеклотканью, в которую вплетены политетрафторэтиленовые волокна. Опираясь на разработанную модель, авторы провели численные модельные расчеты значений компонент 3333, 1313 и 2323оператора концентрации напряжений, учитывающие изменения объемных содержаний наполнителей неоднородных материалов. Данные компоненты наиболее полно характеризуют перераспределение напряжений между элементами неоднородности композита при приложении к нему сжимающих и сдвиговых нагрузок. Приведены графики изменения значений указанных компонент оператора концентрации напряжений при увеличении объемных долей как волокон политетрафторэтилена, так и волокон бесщелочного стекла. При вычислении значений локальных упругих характеристик модельных трибо-композитов использовался метод самосогласования.
Pesticide Pressure on Insect and Human Population: A Review
Authors: Singh Monika , Kumar Amit
Published: April 2024

It is estimated that the current 7 billion world population would increase by 70 million people year, or 30%, to reach 9.2 billion by 2050. It is anticipated that this increased population density will result in a 70% rise in the demand for food production. This increase is mostly attributable to shifts in emerging countries' dietary trends toward higher-quality foods, such as increased consumption of meat and dairy products and the growing use of cereals for animal feed. There isn't much more agricultural land available. Any growth will primarily come at the price of forests and other natural ecosystems that support wildlife, wild cousins of crops, and organic pest adversaries. Additionally, rather than producing food, more agricultural land will be used to create bio-based commodities like fiber and biofuel. As a result, we must produce food on even less area, with even less water, and with less energy, pesticides, and fertilizer than we do now. There is an urgent need for sustainable production at elevated levels in light of these constraints. Reducing the present output losses resulting from pests is a significant obstacle to agricultural productivity. This review covers pest-related crop losses worldwide, estimates of productivity linked to pesticide use, costs and benefits of pesticide use, chemical yield loss reduction strategies, biological and recombinant pest control methods, and the difficulties facing the crop protection sector. In deciding how pesticides will be used in agriculture in the future, the general public plays a crucial role. However, the external issues related to the impacts of pesticides on human and environmental health must also be addressed as long as there is a need for pesticide-based solutions to pest management issues and food security concerns.
Evaluation of the Physical and Thermal Properties of Fibers Extracted from the Trunks of Urena Lobata and SIDA Stipulata Plants
Authors: Ghabo Alphousseyni , Bodian Seckou , Dieng El hadji
Published: April 2024

This scientific work was carried out to investigate the properties (hygroscopic, physical and thermal) of fibers extracted from the Urena Lobata and Sida Stipulata plants, in order to compare them with other fibers already used in the manufacture of panels or biosourced concretes. The fibers are manually detached from the plant trunk, then dried and studied. The results of the study revealed that Urena Lobata fibers are more sensitive to water. The water absorption rate and water content were respectively evaluated at 228.58% and 10.5% for Urena Lobata fibers and 220.94% and 8.6% for Sida Stipulata fibers. For densities ranging from 111 to 193.31 kg/m3, the measured thermal conductivities are between 0.046 - 0.075 W/ mK for Urena Lobata fibers and 0.043 - 0.064 W/mK for Sida Stipulata fibers. These results show that both types of fiber can be used in the manufacture of thermal insulation materials.
Estimating the Morphological Variability of Guava (Psidium guajava L.) Genotypes in Jabalpur District, India
Authors: Singh Deepak , Pandey Chandra Shekhar , Pandey S. K. , Chanderia Umesh Kumar , Singh Sanjay Kumar , Prajapati Shailendra Sagar
Published: April 2024

As variability is crucial for crop improvement, it is better to characterise several genotypes that are derived from either seedlings or wild types. This research facilitates the identification of cultivars, genotypes and the elimination of identical plants within populations. The study was conducted in year 2022-23 with thirty-three guava genotypes of Jabalpur district to examine various morphological characteristics such as tree height, trunk girth and canopy diameter, branching attitude, stem colour in young shoots, branching density, mature leaf colour, leaf shape, leaf base shape, leaf tip shape, leaf curvature and leaf twisting. The experimental investigation was carried out at the Fruit Research Station, Imaliya, under the Department of Horticulture at the College of Agriculture, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh. Genotypes exhibited notable diversity in their morphological traits with respect to height, gith, canopy and several leaf-based characteristics. For the estimation of diversity, the DUS guideline of UPOV was followed. All the genotypes in this study aged between eight to thirteen years. Descriptive statistics showed that, the height of the trees varied between 2.78m (JG-322) and 6.12m (JG-325). The trunk girth ranged between 27.21cm (JG-314) to 87.23cm (JG-319). The canopy in the east-west direction ranged from 4m (JG-325) to 8.34m (JG-322) whereas, in north-south direction varied 3.68m (JG-325) to 8.41m (JG-322). The observed diversity in these traits yielded significant insights that might drive the selection of parental plants for an advanced guava breeding initiative.