bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detection of blackbody radiation during fiber guided laser-tissue vaporization
Authors: Franz Paris , Wang Xiaomei , Zhu Hui , Chia Ray , Hasenberg Tom , Wang Hui
Published: January 2020

Laser-tissue vaporization through a fiber catheter is evolving into a major category of surgical operations to remove diseased tissue. Currently, during a surgery, the surgeon still relies on personal experience to optimize surgical techniques. Monitoring tissue temperature during laser-tissue vaporization would provide important feedback to the surgeon; however, simple and low-cost temperature sensing technology, which can be seamlessly integrated with a fiber catheter, is not available. We propose to monitor tissue temperature during laser-tissue vaporization by detecting blackbody radiation (BBR) between 1.6 µm-1.8 µm, a relatively transparent window for both water and silica fiber. We could detect BBR after passing through a 2-meter silica fiber down to ∼70°C using lock-in detection. We further proved the feasibility of the technology through ex vivo tissue studies. We found that the BBR can be correlated to different tissue vaporization levels. The results suggest that this simple and low-cost technology could be used to provide objective feedback for surgeons to maximize laser-tissue vaporization efficiency and ensure the best clinical outcomes.
Ultrabroadband and coherent mid-infrared supercontinuum generation in all-normal dispersion Te-based chalcogenide all-solid microstructured fiber
Authors: Yuan Yuan , Yang Peilong , Peng Xuefeng , Cao Zhenfei , Ding Shengjie , Zhang Nan , Liu Zijun , Zhang Peiqing , Wang Xunsi , Dai Shixun
Published: January 2020

We report an ultrabroadband supercontinuum (SC) generation with high coherence property in all-normal-dispersion (ANDi) Te-based chalcogenide all-solid microstructured optical fiber (AS-MOF). The fiber was fabricated using a rod-in-tube method that presents four

A
s

2

S

3

glass rods selected as low refractive index material (

n
=

2.4

) embedded in a

G
e

20

A
s

20

S
e

20

T
e

40

glass matrix (

n
=

3.1

). The highly symmetrical four-hole MOF preform was fabricated through the computerized numerical control precision mechanical drilling method. By engineering the structure of the fiber, we determined an ANDi characteristic in the range of 2–13.5 µm when the core diameter of the fiber was

≤

10

µ

m

. Under pumping at 5 µm, a highly coherent SC generation in the range of 2–13.2 µm was generated in a 16-cm-long AS-MOF with core diameter of 9.8 µm.
Automated control algorithms for silicon photonic polarization receiver
Authors: Ma Minglei , Shoman Hossam , Tang Keyi , Shekhar Sudip , Jaeger Nicolas A. F. , Chrostowski Lukas
Published: January 2020

We demonstrate greedy linear descent-based, basic gradient descent-based, two-point step size gradient descent-based, and two-stage optimization method-based automated control algorithms and examine their performance for use with a silicon photonic polarization receiver. With an active feedback loop control process, time-varying arbitrary polarization states from an optical fiber can be automatically adapted and stabilized to the transverse-electric (TE) mode of a single-mode silicon waveguide. Using the proposed control algorithms, we successfully realize automated adaptations for a 10 Gb/s on-off keying signal in the polarization receiver. Based on the large-signal measurement results, the control algorithms are examined and compared with regard to the iteration number and the output response. In addition, we implemented a long-duration experiment to track, adapt, and stabilize arbitrary input polarization states using the two-point step size gradient descent-based and two-stage optimization method-based control algorithms. The experimental results show that these control algorithms enable the polarization receiver to achieve real-time and continuous polarization management.
Iodine-stabilized laser at telecom wavelength using dual-pitch periodically poled lithium niobate waveguide
Authors: Ikeda Kohei , Okubo Sho , Wada Masato , Kashiwagi Ken , Yoshii Kazumichi , Inaba Hajime , Hong Feng-Lei
Published: January 2020

We demonstrate the third harmonic generation of a 1542-nm laser using a dual-pitch periodically poled lithium niobate waveguide with a conversion efficiency of 66%/W2. The generated 514-nm light is used for saturation spectroscopy of molecular iodine and laser frequency stabilization. The achieved laser frequency stability is 1.1×10−12 at an average time of 1 s, which is approximately one order of magnitude better than the acetylene-stabilized laser at 1542 nm. Uncertainty evaluation and absolute frequency measurement are also performed. The developed frequency-stabilized laser can be used as a reliable frequency reference at the telecom wavelength for various applications including optical frequency combs and precision interferometric measurement.
Exploring ultra-high concentrator photovoltaic Cassegrain-Koehler-based designs up to 6000×
Authors: Ferrer-Rodríguez Juan P. , Saura José M. , Fernández Eduardo F. , Almonacid Florencia , Talavera Diego L. , Pérez-Higueras Pedro
Published: January 2020

Ultra-High Concentrator Photovoltaic (UHCPV) designs with up to more than 6000× geometrical concentration and optical efficiency of 80% are demonstrated in this paper by means of ray tracing simulations. These are developed based on Cassegrain-Koehler concentrators [Opt. Lett. 41(9), 1985 (2016)], with four pairs of paraboloid-hyperboloid mirrors and a central receiver composed of four Cartesian ovals of revolution. Designs at different geometrical concentrations are analyzed based on their aspect ratios (F-number). The most compact designs exhibit highest optical efficiencies. Moreover, a 3015× geometrical concentration one-cell prototype, made of aluminum and PMMA (poly(methyl methacrylate)), is fabricated and characterized indoors, achieving an effective concentration of 938 suns. This represents the CPV module with the highest geometrical concentration that has been experimentally investigated that could be found in the scientific literature.
On the constraints of electromagnetic multipoles for symmetric scatterers: eigenmode analysis
Authors: Xiong Zhongfei , Yang Qingdong , Chen Weijin , Wang Zhuoran , Xu Jing , Liu Wei , Chen Yuntian
Published: January 2020

The scattering and resonant properties of optical scatterers/resonators are determined by the relative ratios among the associated multipole components, the calculation of which usually is analytically tedious and numerically complicated for complex structures. Here we identify the constraints as well as the relative relations among electromagnetic multipoles for the eigenmodes of symmetric scatterers/resonators. By reducing the symmetry properties of the vector spherical harmonic waves to those of the modified generating functions, we systematically study the required conditions for electromagnetic multipoles under several fundamental symmetry operations, i.e., 2D rotation and reflection operations and 3D proper and improper rotations. Taking a 2D scatterer with C4v as an example, we show that each irreducible representation of C4v can be assigned to corresponding electromagnetic multipoles, and consequently the constraints of the electromagnetic multipoles can be easily extracted. Such group approach can easily be extended to more complex 3D scatterers with higher symmetry group. Subsequently, we use the same procedure to map out the complete relation and constraint on the electromagnetic multipoles of a 3D scatterer imposed by D3h symmetry. Our theoretical analyses are in perfect agreements with the fullwave finite element calculations of the eigenmodes of the symmetric scatters.
Phase interrogation SPR sensing based on white light polarized interference for wide dynamic detection range
Authors: Zeng Youjun , Wang Xueliang , Zhou Jie , Miyan Ruibiao , Qu Junle , Ho Ho-Pui , Zhou Kaiming , Gao Bruce Zhi , Shao Yonghong
Published: January 2020

A phase surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensing technology based on white light polarized interference in common-path geometry is reported. A halogen lamp is used as the excitation source of the SPR sensor. The fixed optical path difference (OPD) between p- and s-polarized light is introduced by a birefringence crystal to produce sinusoidal spectral interference fringes. The SPR phase is accurately extracted from the interference fringes using a novel iterative parameter-scanning cross-correlation algorithm. The dynamic detection range is expanded by tracking the best SPR wavelength, which is identified using a window Fourier algorithm. The experimental results show that the sensitivity of this SPR system was 1.3 × 10−7 RIU, and the dynamic detection range was 0.029 RIU. This sensor, not only simple to implement and cost efficient, requires no modulators.
Ultra-fast, high-quality and highly compact varifocal lens with spherical aberration correction and low power consumption
Authors: Wapler Matthias C.
Published: January 2020

We present a highly compact and fast varifocal lens with aspherical tunability based on an active piezo-glass-piezo sandwich membrane. Using an optimized geometry, improved fabrication and compliant elastomer structures together with an index-matched optical fluid, we achieved an outer diameter of just 9 mm (10 mm packaged) for a clear aperture of 7.6 mm. The range of the focal power was -7 m−1 to +6 m−1, with a wavefront error around 100 nm and a response time between 0.1 and 0.15 ms.
Intracavity image upconversion system with fast and flexible electro-optic image gating based on polarization-frustrated phase-matching for range-gated applications
Authors: Capmany Juan , Torregrosa Adrián J. , Maestre Haroldo
Published: January 2020

We report on a new image gating mechanism for intracavity nonlinear image upconversion systems that uses sum-frequency mixing of an external infrared image and a pump laser beam. Fast and flexible time duration gating of the upconverted image is achieved through transient electro-optic frustration of the phase-matching condition in a nonlinear crystal placed inside the cavity of the pump beam. The phase-matching condition is controlled by altering the polarization state of the laser cavity beam without interrupting laser oscillation, using a Pockels cell in one arm of an L-folded standing-wave resonator. In this way, an external image shutter mechanism is added to an image upconverter system that allows for using low shutter-speed EMCCDs (Electron Multiplying CCD) in range-gated imaging systems across the whole IR and potentially in the THz range.
Dark solitons in the exploding pulsation of the bright dissipative soliton in ultrafast fiber lasers
Authors: Du Yueqing , Han Mengmeng , Shu Xuewen
Published: January 2020

Soliton explosion is an extremely pulsating behavior of the bright dissipative soliton (DS) in ultrafast lasers. By numerical simulation, we find that the dark soliton (DAS) can coexist with the bright soliton during the exploding process. The collapsed temporal structure of the exploding soliton is induced by the DASs. We reveal the birthing, evolving, and decaying of the DASs inside the bright DS. The time-frequency analysis of the exploding soliton helps us better understand the temporal and spectral structures of the exploding soliton, which might be useful for real-time spectroscopy of the coexisting dark and bright solitons during the soliton explosion.
High-energy 2  µm pulsed vortex beam excitation from a Q-switched Tm:LuYAG laser
Authors: Chen Ying , Ding Manman , Wang Jianlei , Wang Li , Liu Qiyao , Zhao Yongguang , Liu Ying , Shen Deyuan , Wang Zhengping , Xu Xinguang , Petrov Valentin
Published: January 2020

We report on the first, to the best of our knowledge, direct generation of pulsed vortex beams at 2 µm from a

Q

-switched Tm:LuYAG laser. High-energy Laguerre–Gaussian (

L
G

0
,
l

) pulsed laser beams with well-defined handedness are selectively excited through spatially matched pump gain distribution and asymmetric cavity loss without using any intracavity handedness-selective optical elements. Pulse energies of 1.48 mJ for the

L
G

0
,
+
1

mode and 1.51 mJ for the

L
G

0
,
−
1

mode, respectively, are achieved at a repetition rate of 500 Hz. The pulsed laser beams with helical wavefronts are potentially useful for studying orbital angular momentum transformation dynamics, generation of mid-IR vortex beams, and nanostructuring of organic materials.
Tornado waves
Authors: Brimis Apostolos , Makris Konstantinos G. , Papazoglou Dimitris G.
Published: January 2020

We show that light spiraling like a tornado can be generated by
superimposing abruptly auto-focusing ring-Airy beams that carry
orbital angular momentum of opposite handedness. With different
parabolic propagation trajectories, the superimposing ring-Airy beams
are tailored to abruptly auto-focus at overlapping focal regions. This
results in a complex wave with intense lobes that twist and shrink in
an accelerating fashion along propagation. By achieving angular
acceleration values that exceed

295
 
 
rad
/

mm
2

, these tornado waves can find numerous
applications in laser trapping, direct laser writing, and
high-harmonic generation.
Angled fiber-based Fabry–Perot interferometer
Authors: Zhang Xinpu , Li Lixia , Zou Xihua , Luo Bin , Pan Wei , Yan Lianshan , Wu Qiang
Published: January 2020

Herein, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel, to the best of our knowledge, all-fiber Fabry–Perot (FP) interferometer that is formed by a simple angled fiber that can function as a beam splitter. According to the principle of the angled fiber, we verify the influence of an oblique angle on the light propagation path and light intensity ratio. Subsequently, angled fiber-based FP interferometers are experimentally demonstrated, and the influence of the oblique angle on the visibility of interference fringes and temperature characteristics is investigated. Finally, the temperature characteristics of this proposed FP interferometer are investigated experimentally, and the temperature sensitivity is 12.62 and 10.89 pm/°C for 42° and 40° angled fiber-based fiber FP interferometers, respectively. This proposed FP interferometer is fabricated by using a simple angled fiber, which has the advantages of ease of fabrication and all-fiber characteristics and hence can meet the requirements of mass production and high stability in various practical application areas.
Extending time-domain ptychography to generalized phase-only transfer functions
Authors: Spangenberg Dirk-Mathys , Rohwer Erich , Brügmann Michael , Feurer Thomas
Published: January 2020

We extend the time-domain ptychographic iterative engine to generalized spectral phase-only transfer functions. The modified algorithm,

i

2

P
I
E

, is described and a method to choose phase-only transfer functions is defined. The robustness of the algorithm, in conjunction with the defined method of transfer function selection, is demonstrated by numeric simulation and experiment.
Demographic and Lifestyle Risk Factors for Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia Among US Veterans
Authors: Tan Mimi C. , Mallepally Niharika , Liu Yan , El-Serag Hashem B. , Thrift Aaron P.
Published: January 2020

OBJECTIVES:

The risk of noncardia gastric cancer is increased in the presence of gastric intestinal metaplasia. We aimed to identify demographic and lifestyle factors independently associated with the risk of gastric intestinal metaplasia.

METHODS:

We used data from a cross-sectional study of patients attending primary care and endoscopy clinics at the Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center in Houston, Texas, between February 2008 and August 2013. All patients completed standardized questionnaires and underwent endoscopy with gastric mapping biopsies. Gastric intestinal metaplasia cases included patients with intestinal metaplasia on any noncardia gastric biopsy; we defined extensive gastric intestinal metaplasia as antrum and corpus involvement. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using multivariate logistic regression models.

RESULTS:

We identified 423 cases with gastric intestinal metaplasia and 1,796 controls without gastric intestinal metaplasia. Older age (vs <60 years: 60–69 years AdjOR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.17–1.93; ≥70 years AdjOR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.48–3.04), male sex (AdjOR, 2.76; 95% CI, 1.50–5.10), nonwhite race/ethnicity (vs non-Hispanic white: Hispanic, AdjOR, 2.66; 95% CI, 1.89–3.76; black, AdjOR, 2.36; 95% CI, 1.85–3.02), and current smoking status (AdjOR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.29–2.48) were independently associated with gastric intestinal metaplasia. These risk factors remained statistically significantly associated with gastric intestinal metaplasia after adjusting for Helicobacter pylori infection, and their effect sizes were larger for associations with extensive gastric intestinal metaplasia compared with focal gastric intestinal metaplasia.

DISCUSSION:

Older age, male sex, nonwhite race/ethnicity, and current smoking status were the nonendoscopic factors independently associated with gastric intestinal metaplasia in a predominantly nonimmigrant US population.
Pemetaan Pengetahuan Lokal Sunda dalam Koleksi di Museum Sri Baduga
Authors: Nurislaminingsih Rizki
Published: January 2020

Artefak di Museum Sri Baduga menyimpan keragaman pengetahuan lokal tentang budaya Sunda. Hal ini menjadi penting untuk dikaji sebab masyarakat di tanah Pasundan memiliki kearifan yang agung sebagai identitas kesukuan selama ratusan hingga ribuan tahun lamanya. Meski masyarakat terus mengalami pergantian generasi, keluhuran tersebut masih dapat digali melalui benda-benda peninggalan mereka, salah satunya melalui museum bentukkan pemerintah Jawa-Barat, yakni Museum Sri Baduga. Dengan demikian aneka jenis koleksi menjadi bukti fisik akan pengetahuan yang dikuasai masyarakat di penjuru Jawa-Barat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memetakan pengetahuan lokal Sunda yang terdapat dalam koleksi di Museum Sri Baduga, oleh sebab itu digunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan strategi naratif serta metode pengumpulan data melalui interpretasi dokumen kebudayaan di museum tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan masyarakat terbagi dalam kemampuan membuat kain tradisional, mata pencaharian, tata kota, alat penerangan, kerajinan tangan, industri kecil pande besi, penanggalan, kesenian, permainan anak-anak, serta bahasa dan aksara. Penelitian ini bermanfaat sebagai sumber informasi bagi siapa saja yang memiliki minat utuk meneliti tentang pengetahuan lokal, khususnya di tatar Sunda. Pengelompokkan pengetahuan ini memudahkan pembaca dalam memilah pengetahuan apa saja yang dikuasai masyarakat Sunda sehingga bisa menjadi rujukan untuk penelitian selanjutnya atau penelitian sejenis yang lebih mendalam.
SYMBOLIC PROTECTION OF ANIMALS
Authors: BIELSKA-BRODZIAK AGNIESZKA , DRAPALSKA-GROCHOWICZ MARLENA , SUSKA MAREK
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this article is to attempt to understand some institutions of Polish animal protection law using the concept of “symbolic legislation”. The law is symbolic when, despite apparently ordering or prohibiting certain behaviours, it does not establish effective mechanisms for enforcing these obligations. The authors on selected examples show that in the field of animal protection law, there are no such symbolic solutions. At the same time, they indicate that not all of these situations deserve a negative assessment and come to the conclusion that the “symbolism” of regulation is not always the fault of the legislator himself. The concept of symbolic legislation allows a better understanding of how a legal act can affect social reality - among others, where there is a strong need for social education, such as in the field of animal protection.
A decoupled finite element method with diferent time steps for the nonstationary Darcy–Brinkman problem
Authors: Liao Cheng , Huang Pengzhan , He Yinnian
Published: January 2020

A decoupled finite element method with different time steps for the nonstationary Darcy--Brinkman problem is considered in this paper. Moreover, for the presented method, the stability analysis and error estimates are deduced. Finally, numerical tests are provided that demonstrate the efficiency of the method. It is found the presented method can save lots of computational time compared with standard coupled method.
P
1-nonconforming divergence-free finite element method on square meshes for Stokes equations
Authors: Park Chunjae
Published: January 2020

Recently, the P
1-nonconforming finite element space over square meshes has been proved stable to solve Stokes equations with the piecewise constant space for velocity and pressure, respectively. In this paper, we will introduce its locally divergence-free subspace to solve the elliptic problem for the velocity only decoupled from the Stokes equation. The concerning system of linear equations is much smaller compared to the Stokes equations. Furthermore, it is split into two smaller ones. After solving the velocity first, the pressure in the Stokes problem can be obtained by an explicit method very rapidly.
A New Concept for Deeper Integration of Converters and Drives in Electrical Machines: Simulation and Experimental Investigations
Authors: Ghossini Hossam Al , Dang Thu Thuy , Duchesne Stéphane
Published: January 2020

This paper introduces a new concept for integrated electrical motor drives (IEMD) with the aim of minimizing the number of inverter’s power switching components. The latter is switched reluctance motor (SRM) based. The control strategy is jointly designed, inspired by Flyback power supplies operating at very high frequencies. A simple case study on an 8/6 SRM has been carried out. The study enables to highlight most challenging problems that have to be overcome in future works: overvoltages during switching due to the flux leakage, and the efficiency of the magnetic material constituting the machine at high switching frequencies. This concept turns out to be an interesting basis for a very advanced integration of the switching structure within electrical machines.
РОЛЬ СИСТЕМИ ПЕНСІЙНОГО СТРАХУВАННЯ У ФОРМУВАННІ СУЧАСНОЇ ФІНАНСОВОЇ СИСТЕМИ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Rudyk V.K.
Published: January 2020

Висвітлюються питання визначення ролі і місця системи пенсійного страхування у формуванні фінансової системи України, її вплив на розвиток національної економіки. Особлива увага приділяється вивченню фінансових взаємовідносин національної пенсійної системи з основними сферами фінансової системи держави в умовах проведення пенсійної реформи. Досліджено взаємовідносини державних фінансів із системою пенсійного страхування, виявлено основні аспекти впливу цих двох складових фінансової системи один на одного. Проаналізовано нове вітчизняне пенсійне законодавство, відмічено роль системи пенсійного страхування на сучасному етапі проведення пенсійної реформи. Дана оцінка формуванню і розвитку фінансових відносин системи пенсійного страхування із фінансовим ринком, який виступає важливою сферою фінансової системи. Акцентовано увагу на ролі міжнародних фінансових інститутів у формуванні і розвитку національних пенсійних систем європейських країн, проаналізовано їх важливі законодавчі документи, що стосуються реформування сфери пенсійного забезпечення. Визначено, що за їхньої ініціативи розробляються основні стратегії, концепції, програми розвитку національних пенсійних систем, з врахуванням глобальних ризиків, що виникають перед суспільством. Звернуто увагу на пріоритетність комбінованих пенсійних систем, які поєднують державні солідарні пенсійні програми, а також обов'язкові та добровільні накопичувальні елементи. Україна також формує такий тип національної пенсійної системи, в основу якого покладено принципи пенсійного страхування. Обгрунтовано, що фінансовий потенціал системи пенсійного страхування сприятиме розвитку національної економіки країни.
Sustentabilidade e educação
Authors: Apolinário Evaldo
Published: January 2020

Diante de alguns momentos da história, tem-se a impressão, que o ser humano e a natureza são adversários, devido a tantas agressões provocadas ao meio ambiente. Tantos indícios mostram que o clima da terra tem alterado bruscamente por obras de influentes comportamentos humanos. Na tentativa de ajudar a compreender e responder a esse grande desafio considera-se a sustentabilidade como um elemento para superar essa agressão. Trata-se de uma questão central hoje. Para que se possa pensar uma nova perspectiva para a educação, é importante articular educação e sustentabilidade na conscientização de uma educação ambiental. Na busca para encontrar relação entre educação e sustentabilidade, o presente artigo objetiva refletir sobre o paradigma ecológico, o problema da sustentabilidade, os desafios para uma educação sustentável, além de apresentar a sustentabilidade como o eixo integrador da educação.
Biblical foundation and magisterial development of the dogmatic datum of the poor as a theological place
Authors: Marangi Ettore
Published: January 2020

There are serious reasons to argue that with Evangelii Gaudium by Pope Francis, the magisterium of the Catholic Church has finally come to fully acknowledge the function of the locus theologicus played by the poor. This study, which constitutes the first of two articles devoted to the subject, investigates the foundation of this dogmatic datum in two sources of revelation: the Holy Scripture and the recent teachings of the magisterium. To this end, in the first place, it examines the role that the Old and New Testaments entrust to the poor within revelation; then it documents the rediscovery of the poor as theological place in the most important documents of the magisterium, during the time between Vatican Council II and Evangelii Gaudium. ***Fundamento bíblico e desenvolvimento magisterial do dado dogmático do  pobre como lugar teológico***Existem razões sólidas para arguir que, com a Evangelii Gaudium, do Papa Francisco, o Magistério da Igreja Católica, finalmente, passou a reconhecer a função do locus theologicus exercido pelos pobres. O presente estudo, que é o primeiro de dois artigos dedicados ao tema, investiga os fundamentos desse dado dogmático em duas fontes da revelação: a Sagrada Escritura e os ensinamentos recentes do Magistério. Para esse fim, examina-se, primeiramente, o papel atribuído aos pobres pelos Antigo e Novo Testamentos na revelação; em seguida, demonstra-se a redescoberta dos pobres como lugar teológico nos documentos mais importantes do Magistério durante o intervalo de tempo entre o Concílio Vaticano II e a Evangelii Gaudium.
Metodologia da problematização: uma possibilidade para o desenvolvimento de competências crítico-reflexivas em contextos curriculares tradicionais
Authors: Teo Carla Rosane Paz Arruda , Borsoi Aline Tecchio , Ferretti Fátima
Published: January 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é socializar uma situação de ensino-aprendizagem problematizadora na formação superior em saúde. A situação socializada foi desenvolvida com uma turma de 36 estudantes de um Curso de Nutrição em Santa Catarina, de organização pedagógica tradicional. Foi adotada a metodologia da problematização com o arco de Maguerez. Os estudantes, em disciplina de 40 horas/aula, dividiram-se em grupos, escolhendo uma parcela da realidade para realização das atividades, mediadas por tutoria semanal da professora. Pondera-se que os estudantes desenvolveram a capacidade de leitura de mundo, mobilizaram conhecimentos e articularam teoria e prática.Conclui-se que a metodologia contribuiu para o desenvolvimento de competências crítico-reflexivas, de autonomia e de trabalho em equipe, representando oportunidade de aprendizagem significativa de aplicação viável em contextos curriculares tradicionais.
O processo de construção da política de formação dos funcionários da educação
Authors: De Souza Leandro Aparecido , Gomes Alberto Alburquerque
Published: January 2020

O artigo é o resultado de uma pesquisa documental de cunho qualitativo que teve como objetivo compreender o processo de criação da Política Nacional de Formação dos Profissionais da Educação Básica, além de discutir o papel do Estado em sua elaboração. O estudo, desenvolvido com elementos da abordagem do ciclo de políticas de Stephen J. Ball, permitiu identificar a atuação da sociedade civil constatando que o surgimento de uma política não está submetido somente à racionalidade estatal, mas sujeito a influências externas. A análise também evidenciou a construção de um percurso em torno de um projeto emancipatório, de atendimento a reinvindicações sociais, para a formação profissional dos funcionários da educação.
“Toda vida atual é encontro”: contribuições de Martin Buber para a Educação
Authors: Pena Alexandra Coelho
Published: January 2020

O artigo tem como objetivo apresentar os principais conceitos da obra de Martin Buber, autor da filosofia do diálogo, e suas implicações para o campo da Educação. Fortemente influenciado pelo Hassidismo, Buber foi um defensor da Educação para a comunidade para se chegar à paz. O texto situa o autor na história e reflete sobre a possível filiação de sua teoria a determinados campos do conhecimento, além de abordar os conceitos centrais de sua teoria - encontro dialógico, presença, relação, reciprocidade e responsabilidade, educação para a comunidade -, que contribuem para pensar a Educação nos tempos atuais, marcada pela desumanização das relações.
Pedagogia do Oprimido – um grito manso e de esperança
Authors: De Lima Barcelos Valdo Hermes
Published: January 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo fazer uma reflexão sobre a atualidade e a pertinência da obra Pedagogia do Oprimido de Paulo Freire. Frente ao imenso legado freireano algo se pode considerar um consenso: uma grande dose de esperança em um mundo melhor. Esperança para Freire tinha que ver com o verbo esperançar. Nos tempos difíceis atuais da vida política brasileira, de surgimento de uma onda neoconservadora em todas as dimensões da sociedade, onde uns tantos propõem a expulsão de Freire e de seu legado das escolas e das universidades, há que aprofundarmos e atualizarmos a compreensão do legado freireano. Ou seja: aos que propõe “escolas sem partido” e expulsão de Freire, devemos responder com mais Freire e com mais democracia. Se tivéssemos conseguido fazer as proposições freireanas mais presentes em nossa educação, certamente que certos ressurgimentos obscurantistas teriam mais dificuldades para se instalarem em nossa sociedade.
A EJA em contextos de privação de liberdade: desafios e brechas à educação popular
Authors: Onofre Elenice Maria Cammarosano , Fernandes Jarina Rodrigues , Ferreira Godinho Ana Claudia
Published: January 2020

O ensaio discute a Educação de Jovens e Adultos em privação de liberdade na perspectiva da educação popular. Apresenta dados estatísticos do sistema prisional brasileiro, reflexões sobre o papel da escola e a pertinência do diálogo entre educação escolar e não escolar nos espaços de privação de liberdade. Sugere brechas e possibilidades para a educação nos referidos espaços, a partir de três dimensões:  a articulação entre as práticas educativas propostas; a organização curricular flexível e o trabalho interdisciplinar como proposta metodológica e a valorização do trabalho docente, com a indicação de que, justamente, a partir das situações-limite, é possível potencializar a dimensão política das práticas sociais vinculadas à educação nas prisões.
Editorial
Authors: Pereira Marcos Villela
Published: January 2020

Editorial
Cultural dimension of individualism and collectivism and its perceptual and cognitive correlates in cross-cultural research
Authors: Čeněk Jiří
Published: January 2020

This paper reviews the current findings on the dimension of individualism/collectivism, which might be a useful tool for the comparison of different cultures and for the investigation of the effect of culture as a psychological concept on individual mental processes. The validity and reliability of the concept of the dimension of individualism/collectivism is discussed. The related theory of analytic and holistic thinking is introduced within a framework of extensive comparative research in the field of cross-cultural psychology. Several interesting research designs on cross-cultural differences in cognition and perception are described. The empirical part contains a short report of research conducted on a sample (N=92) of Czech and Czech Vietnamese university students using a scale of horizontal and vertical individualism/collectivism (Bartoš, 2010). The results do not fully support the traditional view of individualistic Europeans and collectivistic Asians.
Standing on the Feet of Giants — Reproducibility in AI
Authors: Gundersen Odd Erik
Published: January 2020

A recent study implies that research presented at top artificial intelligence conferences is not documented well enough for the research to be reproduced. My objective was to investigate whether the quality of the documentation is the same for industry and academic research or if differences actually exist. My hypothesis is that industry and academic research presented at top artificial intelligence conferences is equally well documented. A total of 325 International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence and Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence research papers reporting empirical studies have been surveyed. Of these, 268 were conducted by academia, 47 were collaborations, and 10 were conducted by the industry. A set of 16 variables, which specifies how well the research is documented, was reviewed for each paper and each variable was analyzed individually. Three reproducibility metrics were used for assessing the documentation quality of each paper. The findings indicate that academic research does score higher than industry and collaborations on all three reproducibility metrics. Academic research also scores highest on 15 out of the 16 surveyed variables. The result is statistically significant for 3 out of the 16 variables, but none of the reproducibility metrics. The conclusion is that the results are not statistically significant, but still indicate that my hypothesis probably should be refuted. This is surprising, as the conferences use double‐blind peer review and all research is judged according to the same standards.
Bagasse ash–fly ash-geopolymer-treated soft Bangkok clay as subgrade material
Authors: Voottipruex Panich , Horpibulsuk Suksun , Teerawattanasuk Chairat
Published: January 2020

A geopolymer was investigated as a low-carbon dioxide emission binder for soft Bangkok clay improvement. Bagasse ash (BA), an industrial by-product, was used as the main precursor, while fly ash (FA) was used as a supplementary to develop a geopolymer. A mixture of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) was used as a liquid alkaline activator. The unconfined compressive strength, q u, of the geopolymers was found to be directly dependent on the precursor (BA and FA) to liquid alkaline solution (P:L) ratio, sodium hydroxide concentration, FA:BA ratio and curing time. The geopolymer binder with P:L = 55:45, BA:FA = 70:30, sodium silicate:sodium hydroxide = 2:1 and sodium hydroxide concentration = 16 M was selected to treat Bangkok clay based on engineering and economic perspectives. The q u improvement with geopolymer content was divided into active and inert zones. The 10% geopolymer content was found to be the threshold limit. Beyond this limit, the q u improvement was insignificant. The 5% geopolymer content could improve the q u of soft Bangkok clay to meet the minimum requirement for subgrade according to the local road authority. The outcome from this research will promote the BA–FA geopolymer as a cleaner binder by using recycled waste materials in ground improvement applications.
Construction waste in India: a structural equation model for identification of causes
Authors: Kolaventi Swarna Swetha , Momand Hikmatullah , Tadepalli, Tezeswi , Siva Kumar M V N
Published: January 2020

Construction industries are bulk generators of waste globally; improper management leads to environmental catastrophes. This paper identifies the significant factors through exploratory factor analysis and presents a novel approach to determining the causal relationships of various factors that lead to waste generation at construction sites by structural equation modelling. The analysis identifies maintaining and managing a site waste-management plan (SMP) as the top factor, with a path coefficient of 0·96. The impacts on waste generation of factors such as the operation stage (0·91), ordering and purchasing stage (0·84), hauling and handling stage (0·76), material handling stage (0·73), documentation (0·60) and culture (0·46) are quantified. Appropriate documentation provides the framework for SMP, on the basis of which other mitigation measures may be enforced, thus reinforcing the analysis results of SMP variables. Standardised documentation procedures for SMP need to be initiated and incentivised within existing green building performance rating frameworks, such as Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment and Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design–India.
HDPE geogrid-residual soil interaction under monotonic and cyclic pullout loading
Authors: Ferreira F. B. , Vieira C. S. , Lopes M. L. , Ferreira P. G.
Published: January 2020

The understanding of soil-geosynthetic interaction under cyclic loading conditions is essential for the safe design of geosynthetic-reinforced soil structures subjected to repeated loads, such as those induced by road and railway traffic and earthquakes. This paper describes a series of large-scale monotonic and multistage pullout tests carried out to investigate the behaviour of an HDPE uniaxial geogrid embedded in a locally available granite residual soil under monotonic and cyclic pullout loading. The effects of the pullout load level at the start of the cyclic stage, cyclic load frequency and amplitude, number of cycles and soil density on the load-strain-displacement response of the reinforcement are evaluated and discussed. Test results show that the cumulative displacements measured along the length of the geogrid during cyclic loading increased significantly with the pre-cyclic pullout load level and the load amplitude. In contrast, the cumulative cyclic displacements were found to decrease with increasing frequency and soil density. In medium dense soil conditions, the geogrid post-cyclic pullout resistance decreased by up to 20%, with respect to the value obtained in the comparable monotonic test. However, for dense soil, the effect of cyclic loading on the peak pullout forces recorded during the tests was almost negligible.
Research progress of curved plates in China. I: Classification and forming methods
Authors: Chen Jinxiang , Song Yiheng , Chen Jiashun , Du Shengchen
Published: January 2020

This paper expounds the classification, modelling and preparation methods of curved plates in China and emphasises the characteristics and application examples of various forming methods for developing a bionic curved plate. The forming methods of curved plates can be divided into three major categories – stress forming, solidification forming and composite forming. The integrated classification system of a curved plate is given in this paper. Due to the complexity of surface morphology and preparation methods, the creation of a systematic classification of surface plates and their preparation methods remains an area for further study. The characteristics of various stress forming methods are explained, providing a beneficial reference for engineering applications. However, these methods are dependent on the operator's experience and a future research topic is to promote mechanisation, automation and intelligence. Several engineering application examples and the identification of solidification forming are described, which provide a direct reference for buildings with tall and complex curved surfaces. How to develop common and individual technologies for curved plate forming will be the research focus of curved plate forming methods in the future.
The development of a system of «green» skills in the strategizing of labor resources of industrial enterprises
Authors: Novikova I. V.
Published: January 2020

Strategizing of labor resources is an essential element in the development and implementation of industrial enterprise strategies. The aim of the article is in accordance with V.L. Kvint determine global trends in the development of green skills of labor resources necessary for the competitive functioning of industrial enterprises in modern and future conditions. Green jobs play a crucial role in reducing the environmental impact of economic activities. This reduction is gradual, and various jobs contribute to this to varying degrees. The organization of green spaces at industrial enterprises, which have a greater impact on the environmental situation and are primarily affected by global trends in greening the economy, is of paramount importance. The main element of the concept of a strategy for the development of labor resources in a green economy is the organization of a system for the formation of necessary skills among employees. These are not only the skills of direct production of clean products, but also the formation of specific thinking about the strategic importance of these products, the rejection of environmentally dirty production, the development of the need for goods and services created in the green economy. The article presents the forecasts of the International Labor Organization until 2030 of a change in the need for professions, professional fields and related skills of subordinates and managers. Lists of skills deemed necessary for developing a green economy in the UK and Republic of Korea are also shown.
Türkiye’de İllerin Sosyo-Ekonomik Gelişmişliği: Bir Mekânsal Ekonometrik Analiz
Authors: ÖZKUBAT Gökhan , SELİM Sibel
Published: January 2020

Bölgeler ya da iller arasındaki gelişmişlik farklılıkları tüm ülkeler açısından büyük sorun teşkil etmektedir. Bu nedenle, dünya genelinde bölgeler arasındaki gelişmişlik farklılıklarını azaltmaya yönelik çalışmalar yapılmaktadır. Türkiye'de geçmişten günümüze, bölgeler arasındaki gelişme farklılıklarını ortadan kaldırmak için kalkınma planları, bölgesel kalkınma projeleri ve yatırım teşvikleri ile ilgili pek çok çalışma yapılmıştır. İller arasındaki gelişmişlik farklılıklarının nicel olarak belirtilebilmesi için illerin sosyo-ekonomik gelişmişlik endekslerinin oluşturulması gerekmektedir. Bu amaçla bu çalışmada, Türkiye’deki illere ait 2008 – 2015 yıllarını kapsayan çeşitli ekonomik, fiziki ve sosyal gösterge kullanılmıştır. Öncelikle her göstergeye eşit ağırlık verilerek illere ait ekonomik, fiziki ve sosyal gelişmişlik endeksleri hesaplanmış, daha sonra tüm boyutlara eşit ağırlık verilerek illere ait genel gelişmişlik endeksi hesaplanmıştır. İllere ait sosyo-ekonomik gelişmişlik endekslerinin birbirine yakın olan yerlerde benzer değerler alması illerin gelişmişlik düzeylerinin birbirinden etkilenebileceğini göstermektedir. Bu nedenle illerin gelişmişlik düzeylerini etkileyen faktörler incelenirken mekânsal ekonometrik analiz yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada ele alınan mekansal ekonometrik modelde 2008-2015 yıllarını kapsayan farklı ekonomik, fiziksel ve sosyal göstergeler kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışma ile illerin gelişmişlik düzeylerini etkileyen faktörler, illerin gelişmişlik düzeylerinin mekânsal olarak birbirinden etkilenip etkilenmediği ve illerin gelişmişlik düzeylerinin birbirinden nasıl etkilendiği araştırılmıştır. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre, bölgesel gelişmişlik farklılıklarını gidermek amacıyla herhangi bir ilde yapılan bir çalışma sadece o ilin sosyo-ekonomik gelişmişlik endeksini artırmayacak, ayrıca, çevresindeki illerin sosyo-ekonomik gelişmişlik endeksinde de gelişmeye neden olacaktır.
Reubicación y procesos de territorialización en la Ciudad Rural Sustentable Nuevo Juan del Grijalva
Authors: Arévalo-Peña Martha Liliana
Published: January 2020

En México, por la inundación del ejido Juan de Grijalva en el municipio de Ostuacán, estado de Chiapas, y por el riesgo que prevalecía en la zona, ésta y varias localidades fueron reubicadas en la Ciudad Rural Sustentable (CRS), la cual constituye una política pública de los gobiernos federal y estatal bajo la presidencia de Felipe Calderón y la gobernación de Juan Sabines (2006-2012). La CRS fue plateada como una estrategia de desarrollo regional para combatir la dispersión poblacional y erradicar la pobreza de manera efectiva. En este contexto, el objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar lo que ha sucedido con los pobladores reubicados durante el período 2011-2016, evidenciando sus procesos de territorialización. Para el desarrollo de la investigación, se utilizaron los métodos de investigación cualitativa, en particular el método etnográfico apoyado en la observación participante, el diario de campo y la entrevista. También se utilizó el método comparativo, ya que, en el transcurso de cinco años, se pudo apreciar los procesos de territorialización de los habitantes de la CRS. Como resultado, se muestra el desconocimiento de los gobiernos federal y estatal sobre su territorio y población, la falta de seguimiento a las políticas públicas ejecutadas y la nula participación de la población en ellas, situación que ha originado que, en lugar de erradicar la pobreza, ésta se perpetúe.
Effect of drying methods on the sorption isotherms of plantain flour
Authors: Fadimu Gbemisola Jamiu , Sanni Lateef Oladimeji , Adebowale Abdul-Razaq Adesola , Sobukola Olajide Paul , Abdulsalam-Saghir Petral Bola , Rasaq Semiu Abolare , Adeneken Monilola Kudirat
Published: January 2020

The demand for plantain flour has increased in recent years due to its health
benefits and industrial applications, however, there is dearth of information on
the effect of drying methods on the sorption isotherm of plantain flour. In the
present study, moisture sorption properties for unripe plantain flour using four
drying methods at temperatures 27 °C, 37 °C and 42 °C were determined for
water activity 0.10 to 0.80. The data generated were modelled using Peleg,
GAB, Oswin, BET and Langmuir. The results revealed that the Equilibrium
Moisture Contents decreased with an increase in temperature at all the water
activities considered. Also, moisture isotherms of the plantain flour were not
significantly (p>0.05) affected by temperature. The coefficient of
determination (R2) for the used models ranged from 0.640 and 0.986 and Peleg
was the most appropriate for the adsorption isotherm of plantain flour out of all
the models. The monolayer moisture content of the flour also showed that all
the unripe plantain flours could be stored for longer periods at all the
temperatures studied, as their Mo falls within acceptable range for storage