bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of Electrical Stimulation in Swallowing Rehabilitation in Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Yılmaz Neslihan Altuntaş , Karaduman Aynur Emine , Öztürk Kayhan , Erdur Ömer
Published: February 2024

Purpose
The aim is to investigate the effectiveness of NMES in the functional and electrophysiological rehabilitation of swallowing difficulties in dysphagic children with cerebral palsy.
Methods
Twenty-six children diagnosed with dysphagia, with a mean age of 7.02 ± 2.40 years, were included in the study and randomly allocated into two groups (NMES,n = 16;Sham NMES,n = 10). All participants received swallowing disorder rehabilitation approaches, including oral motor exercises, laryngeal mobilization, thermal-tactile stimulation, and gum massage, totaling 12 sessions. In addition to swallowing rehabilitation, stimulation was applied to the groups. Participants underwent assessments including Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), Clinical Assessment of Head Control, Pediatric Eating Assessment Tool (Pedi-EAT 10), Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS), Karaduman Chewing Performance Scale (KCPS), Swallowing Ability and Function Evaluation (SAFE), and Electrophysiological Evaluation of the Suprahyoid Muscle in four consistencies (spontaneous, liquid, viscous, and solid swallowing).
Results
Both interventions showed no difference in swallowing functionality (p > 0.05). It was found that NMES improved muscle contraction performance in solid foods (p < 0.05). It is noteworthy that swallowing duration and the resting potential of the muscle decreased after treatment in all consistencies for both treatment groups (p > 0.05).
Conclusion
Positive improvements in swallowing performance were observed in both treatment groups after treatment. It was determined that NMES did not have superiority over Sham-NMES in terms of swallowing functionality, but NMES was found to have superiority in the treatment of suprahyoid muscle performance during spontaneous swallowing and solid food ingestion. We believe NMES will be beneficial in increasing muscle strength in solid swallowing.
Thymic Rosai-Dorfmann disease: a case report
Authors: Liu Gaohua , Wang Juan , Jing Min
Published: February 2024

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD), known as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy, commonly involves lymph nodes in neck or mediastinum, although extra-nodal involvement was observed in about 40% RDD patients. RDD that merely involved thymus was very rarely reported. We report a RDD case with thymic origin. A 52-year-old male was accidently found to have a 7×6 cm anterior mediastinum lump by chest computed tomography (CT) scan. The mediastinal lesion was resected by surgery and postoperative pathology revealed to be RDD originated from thymus. Regular telephone follow-up after surgery, that was continued for 3 years to date, showed that the patient maintained in good conditions without any relevant symptoms.
Tracking Surface Charge Dynamics on Single Nanoparticles
Authors: Dagar Ritika , Zhang Wenbin , Rosenberger Philipp , Linker Thomas , Sousa-Castillo Ana , Neuhaus Marcel , Mitra Sambit , Biswas Shubhadeep , Feinberg Alexandra , Summers Adam , Nakano Aiichiro , Vashishta Priya , Shimojo Fuyuki , Wu Jian , Vera Cesar Costa , Maier Stefan , Cortes Emiliano , Bergues Boris , Kling Matthias
Published: February 2024

Tracing the dynamical behavior of light-induced surface charges on nanostructures is pivotal for elucidating the fundamental processes governing catalysis and light-nanomaterial interactions. Extension to nanoscale surface charge dynamics, however, remained challenging due to the involved length and time scales. Here, we demonstrate direct observation of surface charge dynamics on dielectric nanoparticles under strong-field irradiation using time-resolved reaction nanoscopy. Our technique offers four-dimensional visualization of the spatiotemporal evolution of localized charges on spherical SiO2 nanoparticles, providing unprecedented resolution at the femtosecond-nanometer scale and single-nanoparticle level. Through semi-classical simulations, we reveal the distinct roles and characteristic timescales of diffusion and decay processes driving surface charge relaxation on SiO2 nanoparticles. Quantum dynamical simulations reveal bond-weakening in adsorbate molecules at the nanosurface, attributed to the presence of the surface charges. Unveiling nanoscale charge dynamics and their impact on surface molecular bonding highlights the potential for designing nanomaterials with tailored functionalities, propelling atomic-scale technologies and catalysis to new frontiers.
Studies on Indigenous Knowledge in the Management of Typhoid Fever and Wound Infections Using Calotropis Procera (CP) leaf extracts against Selected Microorganisms
Authors: Amos Jimba Rai
Published: February 2024

The studies on indigenous knowledge in the management of typhoid fever and wound infections using leaf extract of Calotropis procera plant were carried out. The leaf were plucked and air dried to a constant weighed pulverize, soaked with four different solvent; aqueous, n.hexane, ethanol and methanol. Two hundred and fifty gram of the pulverized dried sample was weighed for each solvent extraction and 28.50±1.00 (g), 12.30±1.00 (g), 16.40±1.0 (g) and 22.60±1.00(g) with correspondence weigh of fractionated pure isolates of the extract obtained from column chromatography of 13.00±1.00, 7.20±1.00, 8.80±1.00 and 10.30±1.00 (ml) was obtained. The result of phytochemical analysis revealed the highest active components of tannins, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, cardiac glycoside and terpenoids in methanolic extracts whereas reducing sugar, phenol, and phlobatannins were absent. Using agar well diffusion methods, the different crude extracts showed visible effect on test organisms compared to the fractionated pure isolates of the extracts and the positive control. The methanolic extracts were observed to be more potent than other solvent extracts on the test bacteria with the concentration of 250mg/ml and 500mg/ml on S. typhi. Fractionated pure isolate of the extract showed highest zone diameter of inhibition of 27.50±0.00 and 35.8±0.00 at the concentration of 50 ml and 100 ml respectively on both gram negative and gram positive bacteria compared to the positive control range from 34.00±1.00 to 49.20±1.00. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of crude and fractionated pure isolates showed effectiveness on both S. typhi and S. aureus at the concentration of 250mg/ml and 500 mg/lm, 50 ml and 100ml respectively. MRSAshowed a quick declined in the growth of S. typhi and a little longer in S. aureus after the period of 4h and 12 h at the concentration of 25 mg/ml, 500mg/ml, 50 ml and 100ml of crude and fractionated pure isolates of plant extract. Thus, the results indicates that fractionated pure isolate of the extracts were more significantly higher than the crude extracts at 0<0.5 level of significance compared to the positive control; this could be due to the synergism. The finding therefore concludes that Calotropis procera contains a potential source of bioactive compounds that can be used in management of typhoid fever and wound infections.
The Short Inflorescence Mutation in Diploid Strawberry Fragaria vesca Affects Inflorescence Architecture and Runner Elongation
Authors: Slovin Janet P. , Booker Jasmine C.
Published: February 2024

Mutants are useful for determining the genes that underlie a given trait. This information is highly useful for developing molecular markers for breeding and is the foundational knowledge required for future genomic crop improvements. The dessert strawberry, Fragaria ×ananassa, is a valuable crop with high potential for increased use in controlled environment agriculture. The genome of the woodland strawberry Fragaria vesca is the dominant genome of the four diploid strawberry subgenomes that contribute to the octoploid F. ×ananassa genome. F. vesca is therefore a useful reference system for determining gene function and should be a useful source of gene diversity for breeding of F. ×ananassa. Chemical mutagenesis of the inbred F. vesca line H4 F7-3 resulted in one M2 line with a smaller stature overall and which produces flowers on very short peduncles close to the crown. This line was named short inflorescence (sin). The sin phenotype results from a single gene recessive mutation that is pleiotropic in that the mutation also affects internode lengths of runners as well as petiole elongation of sin plants. Microscopic characterization revealed that sin peduncles are most likely short because of a failure of cells to elongate. Inflorescences, runners, and petioles of sin plants were found to elongate in response to exogenous gibberellin, indicating that sin could be a gibberellin biosynthesis or transport mutant. A brief characterization of sin plants is presented to facilitate collaborative studies of the line.
Grafted Tomatoes Removed More Soil Phosphorus than Nongrafted Tomatoes under High-phosphorus Conditions
Authors: Rohwer Charlie L.
Published: February 2024

Nonpoint-source phosphorus (P) from agricultural fields is a contaminant of surface waters, and high soil P fertility exacerbates this problem. Many vegetable growers and gardeners have a history of applying more P than is necessary for optimum plant growth. Avoiding unnecessary P applications is an important part of the long-term solution to reducing P loading in water. When soil P levels are very high, management practices that result in more intense P removal are recommended to reduce these levels and the potential for aquatic ecosystem contamination with P. Growers may apply soluble starter fertilizer containing P to encourage rapid transplant establishment; however, the effectiveness of this practice is unknown for soil P levels considered high or very high. Grafting tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) onto vigorous rootstocks may help the plant remove more P from the soil than nongrafted plants. This study investigated the effects of organic starter P fertilizers applied to three hybrids of nongrafted tomato and the same hybrids grafted onto ‘Estamino’ rootstock in field-grown conditions during three site-years with high preplant P fertility. The yield, fruit P concentration, and amount of P removed from the field were measured to elucidate starter P and grafting impacts on P removal. Starter P was not impactful on all responses. Grafting increased the total yield by 11.6%, fruit P concentration in a genotype-dependent manner (average of 12.6%), and net P removal from the field by 28.4% (6.0 kg P/ha). Net P removal was positively correlated with the total yield (r = 0.821) and fruit P concentration (r = 0.502), suggesting that practices to increase the yield or P concentration independently increase net P removal.
Pengaruh Pendidikan Keuangan di Keluarga, Uang Saku dan Gaya Hidup Terhadap Pembentukan Karakter Mahasiswa
Authors: Witono Petrus Hepi
Published: February 2024

Gaya hidup menabung menjadi salah satu faktor awal tumbuhnya ekonomi dalam sebuah masyarakat karena memiliki manfaat secara sosial. Budaya menabung sudah ada pada masa Majapahit di situs Trowulan antara abad ke-13 dan 15. Kini, Generasi milenial di Indonesia menjadi perbincangan di era teknologi yang pesat. Dalam statistik pasar modal Indonesia, generasi Milenial banyak menjadi investor saham dan aset berharga lainnya. Namun, perilaku generasi milenial terkait literasi keuangan kurang mendapatkan perhatian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan alternatif pemikiran dalam memahami pendidikan karakter keuangan di keluarga dan gaya hidup generasi muda. Data penelitian diperoleh dengan pendekatan metode kualitatif melalui wawancara dan pertanyaan terbuka kepada 10 responden yang dipilih dari 100 mahasiswa Universitas Bina Nusantara semester 1 dari mata kuliah Character Building Pancasila. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan keuangan di keluarga, besaran uang saku, dan gaya hidup memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap pembentukan karakter mahasiswa di Binus Kemanggisan Jakarta. Pendidikan keuangan di keluarga berperan sebagai fondasi awal dalam membentuk sikap dan perilaku keuangan mahasiswa. Selain itu, besaran uang saku dan gaya hidup juga mempengaruhi pembentukan karakter mahasiswa. Peningkatan pemahaman dan implementasi pendidikan keuangan yang baik dapat membantu mahasiswa dalam membangun karakter yang kuat dan bertanggung jawab secara finansial.
Change Management In the Energy Sector In Guyana: A Shift From Fossil To Renewable Energy Mix
Authors: Lam Vivian
Published: February 2024

This paper delves into the multifaceted realm of change management in transitioning from fossil fuels to a sustainable energy mix, spotlighting Guyana's unique position. With a global trend towards renewable energy driven by environmental concerns, countries like Guyana, blessed with significant oil reserves, face opportunities and challenges. Drawing insights from case studies of Denmark, The Kingdom of Norway, and Pakistan, key challenges such as economic barriers, technical complexities, regulatory issues, and social implications were identified. Success stories like Denmark's wind energy dominance and Norway's hydro-centric approach provide valuable lessons. However, challenges faced by countries like Pakistan emphasize the necessity of strategic planning. For Guyana, a nation experiencing explosive GDP growth and on the cusp of an energy revolution, recommendations include establishing clear policy frameworks, engaging stakeholders, promoting technological innovation, and investing in public awareness. Guyana could ensure a balanced, sustainable energy future by integrating these strategies and possibly revisiting its Low Carbon Development Strategy 2030.
Machine learning techniques for flood forecasting
Authors: Hadi Fayrouz Abd Alkareem , Mohd Sidek Lariyah , Ahmed Salih Gasim Hayder , Basri Hidayah , Sammen Saad Sh. , Mohd Dom Norlida , Muhamad Ali Zaharifudin , Najah Ahmed Ali
Published: February 2024

Climate change resulted in dramatic change in the monsoon precipitation rates in Malaysia, contributing to repetitive flooding events. This research examines different substantial practicalities of machine learning (ML) in performing high-performance and accurate FF. The case study was The Dungun River. IGISMAPs datasets of water level and rainfall were investigated (1986–2000). The Forecasting was implemented for current (1986–2000) and near future (2020–2030). ML algorithms were Logistic Regression, K-Nearest neighbors, Support Vector Classifier, Naive Bayes, Decision tree, Random Forest, and Artificial Neural Network. Simulations were run in the Colab software tool. The results revealed that between 1986 and 2000, there would be an average of (18–55) floods around the Dungun River Basin. Floods occurred rarely before 1985. They have been common since 2000. 35 floods occurred annually on average since 2000. It is predicted that between 2020 and 2030, flooding events would grow on the Dungun River Basin. Most floods occurred due to rainfall between 1 and 500 mm. The maximum frequency of flooding was measured at 110 occurrences at a rainfall of 250 mm. The overall accuracies were 75.61%/ random forest, 73.17%/ KNN, and logistic regression/ 48.78%. Overall, the ANN models had a competitive mean accuracy of 90.85%.
Urban planning requirements for the architecture of the residential environment of a town
Authors: Zokirov Rakhimdzhon Sharifovich
Published: February 2024

The article considers a particular specificity of the formation of a living environment with a necessary public infrastructure environment. The author reveals urban planning requirements related to the his-torical traditions of Northern Tajikistan.
Two Distinct Neuronal Populations in the Rat Parafascicular Nucleus
Oppositely Encode the Engagement in Stimulus-driven Reward-seeking
Authors: Sicre Mehdi , Ambroggi Frederic , Meffre Julie
Published: February 2024

Background::

The thalamus is a phylogenetically well-preserved structure. Known to densely
contact cortical regions, its role in the transmission of sensory information to the striatal complex
has been widely reconsidered in recent years.

Methods::

The parafascicular nucleus of the thalamus (Pf) has been implicated in the orientation of attention
toward salient sensory stimuli. In a stimulus-driven reward-seeking task, we sought to characterize
the electrophysiological activity of Pf neurons in rats.

Results::

We observed a predominance of excitatory over inhibitory responses for all events in the task.
Neurons responded more strongly to the stimulus compared to lever-pressing and reward collecting,
confirming the strong involvement of the Pf in sensory information processing. The use of long sessions
allowed us to compare neuronal responses to stimuli between trials when animals were engaged
in action and those when they were not. We distinguished two populations of neurons with opposite
responses: MOTIV+ neurons responded more intensely to stimuli followed by a behavioral response
than those that were not. Conversely, MOTIV- neurons responded more strongly when the animal did
not respond to the stimulus. In addition, the latency of excitation of MOTIV- neurons was shorter than
that of MOTIV+ neurons.

Conclusion::

Through this encoding, the Pf could perform an early selection of environmental stimuli
transmitted to the striatum according to motivational level
In Search of A Just And Equitable Agricultural Land Dispute Settlement In Indonesia
Authors: Prasanthi Antarin , Daryono Daryono
Published: February 2024

Agricultural land dispute is commonly resolved by a non-judicial settlement. It however experienced silent conflict and a just and due process of law due to multiple interests involved. Responding to these salient disputes, in 2021 the International Institute for Unification of Private Law (UNIDROIT) established a legal guide to assist developing countries to draft a more sustainable and responsible agricultural land investment contract (ALIC). In Liew to the UN Guiding Principle on Business and Human Rights (2011), the state and enterprises shall exercise adequate oversight to protect the breach of human rights including the customary land rights. The research aims at assessing the agricultural land dispute settlement pursuant to ALIC. It was found that land dispute settlement was dependent upon the maintenance of social control consisting of a dynamic mixture of informal and formal systems. This type of social control enabled creating a balance between disputants, minimizing transactional costs and promoting effective law enforcement. The article elaborated land dispute settlement in two different cases in Indonesia and discusses non-litigation hybrid model of land dispute resolution to promote a better strategy for resolving a land dispute in Indonesia. At the same time, this model may serve as a potential method to provide a better strategy to promote private rulemaking to prevent further disputes as a transition to the application of ALIC.
Reviravoltas Decoloniais do Manto Tupinambá: Três Artistas Mulheres e Seus Trabalhos em Torno do Artefato que Se Tornou Ícone da Identidade Brasileira
Authors: Paiva Alessandra Simões
Published: February 2024

Este trabalho analisa as apropriações artísticas e simbólicas em torno do manto indígena tupinambá por meio do trabalho de três artistas brasileiras: Glicéria Tupinambá, Lívia Melzi e Lygia Pape. A partir da análise visual de suas poéticas, e estabelecendo uma reflexão entre estas criações e a dimensão iconográfica do artefato em determinados marcos históricos, pretendemos entender como as obras destas artistas estão entrelaçadas à lógica da arte contemporânea, levando em conta a contribuição que os estudos interdisciplinares podem ter para a compreensão deste momento em que as artes vêm sendo atravessadas por uma mudança de paradigma associada ao movimento decolonial, o que tem se reverberado na potencialização da natureza política e ativista do campo estético. Para além do debate sobre a repatriação de objetos de interesse etnográfico, apresentamos um estudo de caso envolvendo o percurso destas três artistas, cujas poéticas são analisadas a partir da metodologia da crítica da arte e de uma base teórica multidisciplinar, englobando autores da teoria e da história da arte, além dos estudos culturais e decoloniais. Não há dúvidas que a devolução do manto reacendeu de forma bastante expressiva os debates sobre a devolução de artefatos expropriados durante o período colonial brasileiro. Porém, nossa intenção é apontar para a importância do resgate das técnicas e dos gestos implementados pelas artistas, que permitem que novos mantos sejam realizados e reapropriados simbolicamente, fato congruente com a reflexão acerca do fazer político nos campos da estética e da museologia.
The quality of teacher-made summative tests for Islamic education subject teachers in Palembang, Indonesia
Authors: Wati Evy Ratna Kartika , Nengsih Yanti Karmila , Handrianto Ciptro , Rahman M. Arinal
Published: February 2024

Criticism of exams can be used to gauge student achievement for graduation. This study examined the quality of Summative Tests (ST) created by senior high school teachers in Palembang, Indonesia, specifically focusing on the Islamic Education subject. The evaluation criteria included item validity, reliability, discrimination index, and disruptive effectiveness. The analysis involved 800 answer sheets from 20 teachers. Results indicated that while 20 teachers achieved high reliability, two struggled with poor reliability in terms of disruptive effectiveness. Respondent 11 faced challenges with only 28% valid items and a moderate Cronbach’s Alpha. Additionally, the disruptive effectiveness and discrimination index were poor. These findings suggest a need for teacher training to enhance skills in crafting and administering high-quality summative tests. The implications of these findings extend to improving teacher training and ensuring the effectiveness of summative assessments in gauging student achievements for graduation. The research contributes valuable insights into the complexities of teacher-created exams and offers a basis for enhancing the overall quality of education assessment practices.
Community education as a lifelong learning to support sustainable tourism
Authors: Murniati Dewi Eka , Abdul Razzaq Abdul Rasid , Nopembri Soni , Abdul Hamid Abdul Kharim , Paryono Paryono
Published: February 2024

A community-based tourism (CBT) approach has become an integral part of rural and sustainable tourism development strategies. However, CBT has some constraints on being sustainable due to some internal weaknesses and external concerns, including poor marketing competencies. As a top-down government initiative, Malaysian CBT homestay is blessed with numerous assistance to ensure its survival which in the other hand, creates over-reliance toward other parties. This lack of marketing expertise challenges homestay sustainability. This study examines the importance of community education in marketing activities as a lifelong learning towards sustainable tourism in Malaysia. Qualitative case study is employed to gain an extensive and in-depth explanation on homestay’s marketing implementation and its issues. A semi-structured interview was taken to 9 homestay operators. This study employs a thematic data analysis to investigate the interview results. Research findings show that in majority, the community enjoys the comfort zone provided by government and travel agents, hence encourage the resistance for change. However, a few homestay demonstrates positive respond to involve lifelong learning through community education to support sustainable tourism. More importantly, partnership between various key stakeholders are the utmost important to ensure policy planning and to improve community education quality.
Artificial intelligence in education: Effects of using integrative automated writing evaluation programs on honing academic writing instruction
Authors: Wale Bantalem Derseh
Published: February 2024

Automated writing evaluation (AWE), which is the result of educational artificial intelligence technology, is a process of scoring and evaluating learners’ written texts automatically. The current study examined the effects of using integrative AWE programs on honing academic writing instruction. It also assessed students’ perceptions towards using these programs. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest two-group design was used. Test, questionnaire, focus group discussion, and teacher diary were used to collect data from 92 randomly selected participants. The experimental group students learned writing skills with Writerly and Google Docs in integration, but the control group students learned through the conventional paper and pencil feedback system. When the quantitative data were analyzed through independent samples T-test and descriptive statistics, the qualitative data were analyzed thematically. The findings revealed that using the integrated AWE programs honed academic writing instruction because there was a statistical difference between the experimental and control groups in their academic writing performance. Hence, students who learned using the integrated AWE programs honed their academic writing performance because they were able to produce essays that addressed task achievement, coherence and cohesion, lexical resource, grammatical range and accuracy. However, students who learned through the conventional method were less effective in producing quality essays. Besides, the findings also discovered that the experimental group students had positive perceptions towards using the aforementioned AWE programs because they found the programs interesting, effective, goal-oriented, and supportive. Consequently, this study recommends researchers, curriculum designers, instructional material designers, teachers, and students pay due attention to integrated AWE programs.
Influence of genotype and environment on quality attributes of sweet potato (Ipomea batatas Lam.)
Authors: Rosero Amparo , Pastrana Iván , Sierra Carlos , Pérez José Luis , Espitia Laura , Martínez Remberto , Araujo Hernando
Published: February 2024

Sweetpotato is the fifteenth most important food crop, and third between roots and tubers crops worldwide. Sweet potato crop has the capacity to adapt to different environmental conditions, and expression of quality traits is highly influenced by variety and growth conditions. We evaluate the effect of these factors on quality attributes such as dry matter content (DMC), ash content (AC), crude fiber (CF), total protein content (TPC) and brix grades (°Brix) in order to determine adequate conditions to ensure better quality in sweet potato roots.
Establishment and production of ryegrass and clover in two Colombian highland regions
Authors: Vargas Martinez Juan de Jesús , Sierra A.M. , Avellaneda Avellaneda Yesid , Mayorga Mogollón Olga Lucía , Ariza Nieto Claudia Janeth
Published: February 2024

In Colombia, the specialized dairy systems are supported in forages use. However, edaphic and weather features are related with production and compositional quality of grasses. In this sense, it is important to recognize resilient fodder species to pastoral systems. The objective was to evaluate the establishment (covert proportion (%, Cp) and adaptation grade (0 to 3 scale, Ag) and production (dry matter yield (kg DM.ha-1, Dm) and net energy lactation (Mcal.kg DM-1 , Nl) of five perennial ryegrasses (three diploid and two tetraploid) and three clovers (two reds and one white) in two regions of Colombian highlands (Tuta and Mosquera at 2600 m.a.s.l.)
Promises, Pitfalls, and Clinical Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Pediatrics (Preprint)
Authors: Bhargava Hansa , Salomon Carmela , Suresh Srinivasan , Chang Anthony , Kilian Rachel , Stijn Diana van , Oriol Albert , Low Daniel , Knebel Ashley , Taraman Sharief
Published: February 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Artificial intelligence (AI) broadly describes a branch of computer science focused on developing machines capable of performing tasks typically associated with human intelligence. Those who connect AI with the world of science fiction may meet its growing rise with hesitancy or outright skepticism. However, AI is becoming increasingly pervasive in our society, from algorithms helping to sift through airline fares to substituting words in emails and SMS text messages based on user choices. Data collection is ongoing and is being leveraged by software platforms to analyze patterns and make predictions across multiple industries. Health care is gradually becoming part of this technological transformation, as advancements in computational power and storage converge with the rapid expansion of digitized medical information. Given the growing and inevitable integration of AI into health care systems, it is our viewpoint that pediatricians urgently require training and orientation to the uses, promises, and pitfalls of AI in medicine. AI is unlikely to solve the full array of complex challenges confronting pediatricians today; however, if used responsibly, it holds great potential to improve many aspects of care for providers, children, and families. Our aim in this viewpoint is to provide clinicians with a targeted introduction to the field of AI in pediatrics, including key promises, pitfalls, and clinical applications, so they can play a more active role in shaping the future impact of AI in medicine.
The Ethics of Utilitarianism in a Circular Economy
Authors: Tukiran Martinus , Candra Tirtahadi , Kornelius Hendri
Published: February 2024

In business competition, companies are required to be superior in creating added value for the products and services produced. However, within the limited availability of resources, companies must act wisely in managing business and achieving sustainable business objectives. This paper explains how a businessman can build their business by paying attention to morals. Ethical utilitarianism is an ethical view that emphasizes the goal of maximizing welfare for as many people as possible associated with the circular economy concept. A circular economy is an economic system that focuses on the efficient and responsible use of resources through the recycling, use, and renewal of resources. The study results show that ethical utilitarianism can be applied to circular economy principles and how these principles can bring significant economic and environmental benefits. This article also discusses some of the challenges and potential social injustices associated with implementing a circular economy and how to overcome them through a more inclusive approach.
Soft Power & Hegemony: Gramsci, Nye, and Cox’s Perspectives
Authors: Febriani Rika , Hamdi Irwan
Published: February 2024

This article highlights the significance of soft power and hegemony in the realms of international relations theory and political philosophy. Soft power serves as a political strategy utilized by nations to attract and shape ideas in other countries through influence and persuasion. Similarly, Antonio Gramsci's concept of hegemony emphasizes the influence of societal ideas by employing moral and intellectual leadership through consensus. In enriching this analysis, it incorporates perspectives from Robert Cox, who deepen the understanding of how hegemony intertwines with global power structures, social forces, and the construction of world order. This article provides a theoretical review of Joseph S. Nye's soft power concept and Antonio Gramsci's notion of hegemony, comparing both at the epistemological level of political science, encompassing concepts, praxis, and values. The study is based on Nye's Soft Power (2004) and Gramsci's Selections from the Prison Notebooks (2007) through a literature review. This article concludes that these concepts share similarities, such as utilizing intellectual leadership, promoting awareness within the intellectual class, and targeting civil society as a crucial influencer.
Assimilation of Tung Chung Shu’s Philosophy and the Development of Multiculturalism
Authors: Lasiyo Lasiyo
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this article is to explore the thoughts of the philosopher Tung Chung Shu who is a figure in Chinese philosophy. Tung Chung Shu managed to compile several aspects of philosophy and culture that developed in China during the Han dynasty. Tung Chung Shu's thought has relevance to the development of multiculturalism, especially in Indonesia amid globalization today. The condition of the Chinese nation has a different cultural background and has succeeded in reformulating the unifying ideology of the country so that it can improve the condition of a society that is experiencing chaos. The philosophy and culture of the Chinese nation that developed when in this condition was the Han Dynasty which was dominated by Taoism, Legalism, and Confucianism. A Chinese philosopher, Tung Chung Shu, combined the three schools with the core teachings of jen, yi, l, chi, and hsin with the main goal of realizing a happy, prosperous, and safe society. The situation of differences that exist in people's lives gave birth to multiculturalism which offers a cultural paradigm to understand and interpret the differences that develop in people's lives. This research uses the abstraction analysis method and then analyzes it through a comparative interpretative approach that begins with description and historical continuity. The results showed that (1) the condition of differences in society can be avoided from conflict if the government can implement multiculturalism policies in regulating the order of government as in Tung Chung Shu's thinking about good governance (2) the condition of a country depends on the attitude of the country's leaders so that the condition of multicultural society can be safe, harmonious, peaceful, prosperous cannot be separated from the role of state leaders (3) in addressing differences need the attitude of wisdom, humanity, courage, wisdom and virtue as the philosophical thought of Tung Chung Shu. In line with the conditions of the multicultural Indonesian nation, Tung Chung Shu's thoughts can be a reference in efforts to develop multiculturalism in Indonesia. This argument is supported by the situation and conditions of the Indonesian nation which has a diversity of ethnicities, cultures, religions, regions, and different cultural traditions.
The Origins and Values of Javanese Philosophy in Nyadran with Goat-Cow Slaughter
Authors: Sartini Sartini , Luwiyanto Luwiyanto , Rr Yudiswara Permatasari Ayu , Nur Fitri Amalia
Published: February 2024

This research aims to explore the origins of Nyadran, focusing on its ritualistic aspect involving the use of large animal parts (cows or goats), and to elucidate the underlying philosophy. Utilizing qualitative data from literature reviews and field studies, interviews were conducted to understand community perspectives. Findings reveal that Nyadran's implementation, involving slaughtering animals, lacks direct links to Islamic teachings and shows no explicit involvement of Islamic figures from the past. Instead, Nyadran's concepts stem from myths surrounding the village or the region in which it is organized. Community knowledge is grounded in beliefs about intertwined historical events and evolves with the growth of religious institutions. Justifications for Nyadran are based on philosophical arguments of religious, moral, and societal values, supporting the need for strong communal values and a harmonious life.
Acoso sexual y discriminación por maternidad en el trabajo
Authors: Acosta Jaramillo Diana
Published: February 2024

En el Ecuador, el bloque de medidas laborales adoptadas para eliminar la discriminación de género en materia laboral y política es bastante amplia, pero su eficacia deficiente; es por ello que consideramos que deben adoptarse medidas sancionatorias para quienes incumplan la ley, y empezar una campaña de concientización para, de esa manera, erradicar desde los hogares esta forma tan inhumana de discriminación en contra de las mujeres.
Contratación colectiva de protección
Authors: Bouzas Ortíz José Alfonso
Published: February 2024

El presente trabajo refiere la existencia de un mecanismo que prácticamente ha nulificado la contratación colectiva en México, denominado contratación colectiva de protección patronal. Este esquema de la responsabilidad de las autoridades, de direcciones sindicales que ponen distancia respecto de los intereses que representan y de empresarios incapaces de entrar en una franca y auténtica negociación de las condiciones de trabajo, ha repercutido a la fecha en que no exista la contratación colectiva. El estudio refiere la evolución de las teorías organizativas del trabajo hasta sus expresiones actuales como paradigmas contrarios a lo que representa el marco normativo del trabajo como expresión de derechos humanos y las consecuencias de la evolución de estas concepciones en momentos en los que el propio fenómeno de la carencia de empleo juega en contra de los que viven de la venta de su fuerza de trabajo.
Crítica a la flexiseguridad
Authors: Gorelli Hernández Juan
Published: February 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar un análisis conceptual de la flexiseguridad, uno de los fenómenos de mayor interés en la actualidad en el ámbito de las relaciones de trabajo. Originado en los sistemas jurídicos de los países del norte de Europa, ha sido difundido a través de la política de empleo seguida en la Unión Europea y supone la difusión de grandes dosis de flexibilidad laboral, acompañada de ciertos elementos de seguridad en el empleo, sobre todo a través de los mecanismos de protección frente al desempleo. El estudio finaliza con la crítica a ciertos aspectos de este mecanismo y a cómo se aplica.
La representación social del trabajo en los jóvenes universitarios
Authors: Pereira Jardim Lourdes
Published: February 2024

Con esta investigación, la autora se acerca al estudio de las representaciones sociales partiendo de los axiomas moscovicianos, con lo cual se posiciona para su estudio del enfoque procesual, entendiéndolo a partir de las distintas mediaciones. En efecto, el propósito de la investigación fue rastrear cómo construyen las representaciones sociales del trabajo los jóvenes universitarios con trayectoria ocupacional, viéndose la configuración representacional en dos planos: el socio-simbólico y el socio-estructural; la práctica laboral desplegada por estos jóvenes por el mundo del trabajo convierte sus sentidos y simbolismos respecto al trabajo como un hecho social y cotidiano. De este modo, se concluye que la apreciación intrínseca que poseen estos jóvenes del trabajo es vista como un instrumento, un medio capaz de satisfacer múltiples fines. La metódica manejada desde lo cualitativo fue el enfoque hermenéutico dialéctico, para lo cual se utilizaron técnicas dialógicas como las entrevistas en profundidad y los grupos focales de discusión. Las entrevistas en profundidad se hicieron a 11 jóvenes estudiantes de la Escuela de Administración Comercial y Contaduría Pública de la Universidad de Carabobo, campus La Morita, orientadas con base en un guión de entrevista cuyas áreas temáticas fueron: la percepción del trabajo, la centralidad del trabajo y la representación social del trabajo. Los desenlaces y desafíos de la investigación arrojaron como simbolismos la visión instrumental, manteniéndose una relativa centralidad del trabajo en la vida de estos jóvenes pese a las condiciones de precariedad y situaciones difíciles que rodean el trabajo juvenil. El trabajo es visto como un deber, como un derecho social, como una forma de satisfacer el consumo individual; es asumido como el camino a la independencia económica, al crecimiento personal, como una forma de vida.
Las normas de responsabilidad social. Su dimensión en ámbito laboral de las empresas
Authors: Camacho Solís Julio Ismael
Published: February 2024

La responsabilidad social empresarial o corporativa (RSEC) es un estilo de llevar la gestión empresarial, que en parte reconoce e incorpora la relación de permanente interdependencia que existe entre la empresa y sus interlocutores, cuyos intereses comunes se asumen para el mutuo beneficio. Para tal fin, la empresa, sea una organización del tamaño o magnitud que se trate, o bien de una dimensión sólo familiar, debe armonizar en su actividad de producir, comercializar o vender el escenario de la rentabilidad económica y de la estabilidad financiera, con los derechos humanos y los derechos laborales, con el bienestar social, la garantía integral y la protección ambiental. De este modo, de manera conjunta con la sociedad civil y el Estado, la empresa en general asume un rol fundamental en el proceso destinado al respeto de los derechos laborales, de los derechos humanos, de la justicia y de la equidad de género para lograr una sociedad más justa, equilibrada y sustentable. Idealmente, la empresa que se involucra en el tema de la RSE, o que actúa bajo esas premisas, daría origen a una cadena virtuosa, que conecta y genera una dinámica simétrica de acción orientada por estos principios y valores, con un sinnúmero de actores sociales, partiendo por sus trabajadores y llegando a la comunidad, que intervienen en su proceso social, productivo, económico y comercial.
Inconstitucionalidad e inconvencionalidad de las contribuciones de los pensionados estatales
Authors: Morales Ramírez María Ascensión
Published: February 2024

Es una realidad que a nivel nacional e internacional los sistemas de pensiones presentan problemas de inviabilidad financiera. Para afrontar esta situación, desde hace más de tres décadas se ha recurrido a diversas estrategias, algunas dentro del campo de la seguridad social y otras fuera de ella, cuyo resultado han sido diversos modelos conceptuales. México no ha escapado a esta dinámica respecto de sus instituciones federales, sin embargo, una nueva tendencia se observa en el caso de las leyes de seguridad social estatales: exigir que el pensionado continúe cotizando un porcentaje de su pensión para contribuir al financiamiento del sistema. Esta medida obliga a su estudio y análisis a la luz del origen de los sistemas de pensiones y de la reforma de 2011 en materia de derechos humanos, en específico, en atención a los principios de equidad contributiva, igualdad jurídica y de seguridad social.
La protección familiar por causa de hijo a cargo. Una interpretación sistemática entre el sistema español de seguridad social y el de los estados del cono sur hispanoamericano
Authors: Moreno de Vega y Lomo Fernando
Published: February 2024

Los derechos a la migración, a la protección de la familia y a la seguridad social no sólo tienen acomodo en las Constituciones políticas de la mayoría de los Estados democráticos, sino también en capitales manifestaciones normativas producto del derecho internacional, un axioma que los eleva desde la categoría de derecho social a la de derecho humano. El presente trabajo plantea un hilo de conexión argumental entre los mencionados derechos al efecto de reflexionar sobre la escasa acogida, en las relaciones bilaterales entre España e Hispanoamérica, de la opción de exportación de las prestaciones sociales por causa de hijo a cargo con base en la interpretación, entre otros factores, de los ordenamientos domésticos. A mayor detalle, el trato entre el Reino de España y las tres repúblicas representativas del cono sur hispanoamericano emerge como botón de muestra para cubrir una buena dosis de las expectativas en juego.
La seguridad social en el derecho de integración subregional de América Latina y el Caribe
Authors: Maldonado Sierra Guillermo Alfonso
Published: February 2024

La seguridad social es un derecho privilegiado que se reconocede manera insistente tanto en los organismos internacionales comoen los procesos regionales y subregionales de integración económica ysocial en América Latina y el Caribe.
El Tribunal Electoral del Poder Judicial de la Federación frente a las omisiones legislativas absolutas
Authors: Montoya Zamora Raúl
Published: February 2024

El objetivo central del presente texto es mostrar el papel que ha desempeñado el Tribunal Electoral del Poder Judicial de la Federación (TEPJF) frente a las denominadas "omisiones legislativas absolutas", con la finalidad de sustentar la procedencia de modificación a la normatividad vigente, para incorporar el medio de control constitucional conocido como "acciones por omisión legislativa". Para cumplir nuestro propósito, en primer lugar se establecerá un apartado teórico sobre el tema de la inconstitucionalidad por omisión legislativa; después, se hará un breve análisis comparativo sobre el tema de la inconstitucionalidad por omisión legislativa, y posterior a ello, se analizarán algunos criterios que ha tomado el TEPJF, frente a las omisiones legislativas absolutas. Finalmente, se desarrollará, de forma modesta, una propuesta de reforma a la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, tendente a incorporar la garantía jurisdiccional denominada "acciones por omisión legislativa".
Assessment of the Role of Project Management Technical and Behavioral Competencies in the Success of Construction Projects
Authors: Abebe Kifleyohannes Daniel , Tsehayae Abraham Assefa
Published: February 2024

Abstract: Technical and behavioral competencies influence the successful completion of a construction project and lack thereof can lead to poor project performance. Grade 1 contractors operating in Ethiopia were surveyed to find the prevalence of selected competencies and the associated impact they have on a project’s duration, cost and quality. The correlation analysis results showed that there is a positive relationship among all competencies and project performance. A stronger correlation was observed between the prevalence and impact of behavioral competencies implying greater alignment as compared to technical competencies allowed for the identification of areas to target during competency development.
Derecho a la identidad de género de niños, niñas y adolescentes en Chile: deficiencias normativas y análisis jurisprudencial
Authors: Basoalto Riveros Constanza
Published: February 2024

La presente investigación se divide en tres partes. En primer lugar, se exponen las nociones jurídicas y los diversos aspectos problemáticos asociados al derecho a la identidad de género de niños, niñas y adolescentes en la Ley n.o 21.120. Posteriormente, se analizan algunas sentencias que demuestran la aplicación que los tribunales chilenos hacen de esa normativa, revisión que permite constatar el trabajo de dichos órganos para sortear las restricciones de la norma. Finalmente, se examinan las últimas iniciativas legales destinadas a modificar la regulación actual y se establecen algunas críticas y oportunidades de mejora.