bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE LEGAL NATURE AND ESSENCE OF POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE RESPONSIBILITY IN INTERNATIONAL LAW
Authors: Матчанова З.Ш.
Published: August 2024

В статье рассматриваются актуальные вопросы международно-пра- вовой ответственности в контексте традиционного для науки международного права разделения ее на позитивную и негативную. Целью статьи является раскрытие право- вой природы и сущности позитивной и негативной ответственности в международ- ном праве. Данная цель обусловила постановку ряда задач: определить содержание позитивной и негативной ответственности; сопоставить позитивную и негативную ответственность, выявив не только их противоположность, но и взаимовлияние; проанализировать причины критического отношения к институту ответственности в международном праве на современном этапе. В результате работы установлено, что для международного права в целом клю- чевую роль играет именно позитивная ответственность, в то время как для института международно-правовой ответственности первостепенно понятие негативной ответст- венности; подтверждено, что международно-правовая ответственность является меж- отраслевым институтом международного права, обеспечивающим выполнение между- народно-правовых норм в самых разных его отраслях; обосновано, что недостаточная практическая реализация как позитивной, так и негативной международно-правовой ответственности связана с кризисным состоянием современного международного права в целом.
DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMATION SERVICES AND INFORMATION PRODUCTS BY TECHNOLOGY ENTREPRENEURS AS A FACTOR IN IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF THEIR ACTIVITIES
Authors: Шинкарёва О.В. , Карабанова О.В. , Колесникова Н.М.
Published: August 2024

В статье анализируются понятия «информационный сервис» и «ин- формационный продукт», выявлена их сущность и специфические черты. Обосновано, что развитие и внедрение информационных сервисов в деятельность компаний по- высит их эффективность, а следовательно, положительно скажется и на активности хозяйствующих субъектов различных отраслей экономики. Внедрение информацион- ных сервисов в продукты или услуги, которые предоставляют современные компании, ведет к росту объема продаж, выручки, прибыли и в итоге к росту эффективности бизнеса. Обеспечение развития информационных технологий, сервисов и продуктов и, соответственно, технологического предпринимательства при условии соблюдения баланса между сферами экономики позволят обеспечить конкурентоспособность экономики страны и высокие показатели в достижении критерия отнесения к инно- вационной и цифровой экономике.
THEORETICAL BASIS OF THE MECHANISM MODEL OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTATION IN THE SYSTEM OF PUBLIC AUTHORITY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Патутина Н.А.
Published: August 2024

В настоящее время наблюдается повышение исследовательского интереса к проблематике проектного управления в сфере публичной власти. В нау- ке представлен массив исследований, посвященных изучению различных вопро- сов проектного управления на государственном и муниципальном уровне в России и за рубежом. Вместе с тем можно отметить отсутствие исследований, направленных на изуче ние механизма реализации проектного управления в системе публичной вла- сти Российской Федерации. Это обусловило выбор темы и постановку цели иссле до- вания. Целью статьи является теоретическое обоснование модели механизма реали- зации проектного управления в системе публичной власти РФ. Статья направле- на на решение двух задач: определить и обосновать структуру модели механиз- ма реализации проектного управления в системе публичной власти РФ; опреде- лить и обосновать содержание основных блоков этой модели. Для достижения цели были использованы методы теоретического анализа исследований, анализа нормативной базы проектного управления в системе публичной власти, модели- рования механизма реализации проект ного управления в системе публичной вла- сти с опорой на положения системного подхода и процессного подхода в менедж- менте. В результате исследования была определена структура модели механизма реали- зации проектного управления в системе публичной власти, которая включает в себя два блока. Первый описывает иерархическое устройство механизма проектного управ- ления в сфере публичной власти. Второй блок — информационный, представляющий собой информационное сопровождение проектного управления в системе публичной власти. Определено и обосновано содержание каждого из этих блоков. Разработанная модель может быть использована для анализа состояния механизма реализации проектного управления в разных элементах системы публичной власти, для выявления позитивных практик и проблемных зон.
Существующее состояние и перспективы развития газовой отрасли России в новых геополитических условиях
Authors: Дзюбина Т.В. , Калинина Ж.В. , Илькевич Н.И.
Published: August 2024

Актуальность исследований существующего состояния и перспектив развития газовой отрасли России обусловлена влияющими на нее факторами, к которым можно отнести: старение оборудования, выработка запасов газа в крупных месторождениях, недостаточные маневренные возможности, и главное, глубокие потрясения, вызванные глобальным экономическим кризисом, а также изменением геополитической ситуации в мире. В связи с этим к двум основным направлениям развития газовой отрасли (интеллектуальные системы энергетики и интегрированные энергетические системы), необходимо добавить третье направление – исследование перспектив использования российского газа (экспорта и увеличения внутреннего потребления) в новых геополитических условиях. В статье рассматривается существующее состояние экспорта российского трубопроводного природного газа в Европейский Союз и на Восток, в частности, в Китай. Констатируется сокращение поставок газа в Европу из-за наложенных санкций ЕС и США в связи с изменением геополитической ситуации, вызванным началом специальной военной операции 24 февраля 2022 г. Основные трудности для российских газовых компаний связаны с изменением логистики – необходимостью перенаправлять экспортные потоки с запада на восток. Помимо того, что существующая инфраструктура газовой отрасли предназначена для поставок газа в страны Западного региона, на востоке многие газовые рынки слишком удалены географически либо ориентированы на поставки сжиженного природного газа. Китай пока не является полноправным партнером в газовой сфере. Внутреннее же потребление газа требует больших инвестиций как на газификацию страны, так и на строительство газоперерабатывающих заводов. Тем не менее, были сформулированы возможные сценарии развития газовой отрасли в ближайшие годы. Все эти мероприятия по поддержанию российской нефтегазовой отрасли требуют дополнительных инвестиций, необходима государственная поддержка, тем более что западные санкции могут продлиться не менее 3-5 лет.
Epidemiological features of the lesions, and prevention of diphyllobothriasis in the Irkutsk region
Authors: Саловарова В.П. , Чумаченко П.А. , Гузеева Т.М. , Чумаченко И.Г.
Published: August 2024

В данной работе анализируется совокупность данных о заболеваемости населения Иркутской области дифиллоботриозом. Даются характеристика и границы очагов дифиллоботриозов на территории Иркутской области.

This paper analyses a set of data on morbidity of the population of the Irkutsk region difillobotriasis. Characteristics and set the boundaries of existing foci of difillobotriasis on the territory of Irkutsk region.
Interrelations of the common hamster (Cricetus cricetus) and Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus) in laboratory tests
Authors: Феоктистова Н.Ю. , Кропоткина М.В. , Кузнецова Е.В. , Суров А.В.
Published: August 2024

В последние полвека численность обыкновенного хомяка заметно снизилась по всему ареалу, но в городах она, напротив, начала расти. Во многих населенных пунктах, которые сейчас активно заселяются хомяками, обитают и серые крысы. Однако по опросным данным эти виды не встречаются в одних и тех же местообитаниях, что может быть следствием прямой или косвенной конкуренции. Впервые в экспериментальных условиях показано, что у крыс в ответ на запах мочи хомяка достоверно повышается уровень кортикостерона, а при прямых контактах крысы в большинстве случаев демонстрируют пассивное оборонительное поведение и большую часть времени неподвижно сидят в углу камеры. В свою очередь обыкновенные хомяки активно исследуют всю площадь открытого поля, обнюхивают крыс, не проявляя при этом агрессии. Запах мочи крысы не вызывает у хомяков подъема уровня кортизола. Возможно, обнаруженные поведенческие и физиологические реакции серых крыс на присутствие обыкновенного хомяка или его экскретов являются механизмом конкурентного исключения этих видов.

Last half of the XX century the abundance of the common hamster dramatically declined across the whole range while in urban environment it began to increase. Many cities, which are actively colonized by hamsters, are occupied by Norway rats as well. However respondents from different cities noted that rats and hamsters never co-occur. It may be an effect of direct or indirect competition. For the first time in experimental tests we have shown that hamster urine odor causes the rise of corticosterone (stress hormone) level in rats. In direct contacts on neutral area in most cases rats demonstrated passivedefensive behavior and sat still in the corner. At the same time hamsters actively investigated the area, sniffed rats but showed no aggression. Urine odor of rats does not cause the rise of cortizol level in hamsters. We suppose that revealed behavioral and physiological responses of rats to hamster’s odor and presence could be one of the mechanisms of competitive exception.
Pediculosis: the current state of the problem
Authors: Лопатина Ю.В.
Published: August 2024

Проанализирована заболеваемость педикулезом в Российской Федерации за 2001–2020 гг. Показана общая тенденция к снижению заболеваемости как у детей до 14 лет, так и у населения в целом. Сопоставлен ассортимент педикулицидов и заболеваемость детей головным педикулезом. Данные мониторинга резистентности вшей к инсектицидам, проведенного в 2019-2022 гг. свидетельствуют о сохранении резистентности головных и платяных вшей к перметрину на высоком уровне. Рассмотрены пути преодоления резистентности с помощью педикулицидных средств, обладающих другим по сравнению с пиретроидами механизмом действия.

Louse infestation is one of the commonest parasite-related public health problems worldwide. The incidence of louse infestation in the Russian Federation for 2001-2020 has been analyzed. The general trend towards a decrease in the incidence is shown both in children under 14 years of age and in the population as a whole. The assortment of pediculicides and the incidence of children with head pediculosis are compared. Data from the monitoring of lice resistance to insecticides conducted in 2019-2022 indicate that the resistance to permethrin of head and body lice remains at a high level. Methods of resistance overcoming are considered with the help of pediculicides having other mechanism of action compared to pyrethroids.
Prospects for the use of unmanned aircraft to control of mosquito larvae
Authors: Рославцева С.А. , Жулев А.И. , Цветков Д.А. , Медведева Л.В.
Published: August 2024

Приведены данные 6-летних (2016–2021 гг.) практических исследований на Черноморском побережье Кавказа возможности применения для обработки водоемов с целью борьбы с личинками комаров-переносчиков возбудителей малярии и арбовирусных лихорадок микробиологического ларвицида, двух средств на основе ингибитора синтеза хитина – дифлубензурона и средства на основе ювеноида S-метопрена с помощью беспилотных воздушных судов типа «ODONATA AGRO» (Россия) и гексакоптеров «DJI Agras T-20» и «DJI Agras T-30» (Китай).

The data of 6-year practical studies (2016–2021) on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus are presented the possibilities of using unmanned aircraft for the treatment of reservoirs in order to control the larvae of mosquitoes carrying malaria pathogens and arbovirus fevers of the micro-biological larvicide, two means based on an inhibitor on chitin synthesis and a means based on juvenoid S-metoprene.
The current state of the organization of zoological, entomological, epizootological monitoring in Russia
Authors: Транквилевский Д.В.
Published: August 2024

Проанализировано состояние зоолого-энтомологического мониторинга, в результате которого накапливается массив данных и формируются прогнозы активности природных очагов инфекций, что необходимо учитывать при осуществлении неспецифических профилактических мероприятий. Ключевые слова: зоолого-энтомологический мониторинг, природноочаговые инфекции, профилактика.

The state of zoological and entomological monitoring is analyzed, as a result of which an array of data is accumulated and forecasts of the activity of natural foci of infections are formed, which must be taken into account when implementing non-specific preventive measures.
The place of pest control in the food safety management system
Authors: Тишкевич Н.В.
Published: August 2024

Система менеджмента безопасности пищевой продукции состоит из большого количества элементов, и пест-контролю как одному из этих элементов чаще всего не уделяют должного внимания. Поэтому на предприятиях совершаются ошибки, которые раскрываются в процессе аудитов пищевой безопасности: не учитываются пест-риски на всех этапах производства в Плане ХАССП, мероприятия мониторинга и истребления вредителей нерезультативны и экономически неэффективны, так как должным образом не выполняются предупреждающие мероприятия, которые исключают/ограничивают доступ вредителей и наличие для них еды, воды, крова. Невыполнение этих требований приводит к переходу пест-риска в критическую контрольную точку (ККТ) при составлении Плана ХАССП, что может повлечь дополнительные финансовые затраты при обеспечении безопасности продукции.

The food safety management system consists of a large number of elements, and pest control, as one of these elements, is often given little attention. Thus, enterprises make mistakes that are revealed in the process of food safety audits: pest risks are not considered at all stages of production in HACCP Plan, monitoring and extermination measures are not effective and economically inefficient, since preventive measures are not properly carried out - prerequisite programmes, which exclude/restrict the access of the pest and the availability of food, water, shelter. Failure to comply with these requirements leads to the removal of pest risk to a critical control point (CCP) when drawing up a HACCP Plan, which may entail additional financial costs for monitoring CCP.
Harmonization of the definition of insecticidal substances for the purposes of production control and monitoring of finished compositions. V. Liquid insecticidal compositions
Authors: Носикова Л.А. , Кочетов А.Н.
Published: August 2024

Рассмотрены аспекты аналитического определения самой распространенной группы инсектицидных препаративных форм, условно объединенные под термином «жидкие». К ним можно уверенно отнести эмульсионные и суспензионные концентраты (микрокапсулированные средства в силу специфики принято рассматривать отдельно), а также готовые к применению растворы субстанций. На конкретных примерах рассмотрены возможности использования хроматографических методов (ОФ ВЭЖХ, ГЖХ) при анализе самых распространенных групп инсектицидных субстанций (неоникотиноиды, ФОС, пиретроиды, карбаматы) и синергистов (пиперонилбутоксид, МГК 264). Продемонстрированы УФ-спектры (220–340 нм) для каждой из 14 рассмотренных субстанций. Приводятся сведения, позволяющие относительно быстро в рамках гармонизованного подхода разработать аналитический метод, опираясь на доступный хроматографический метод или выявить факты фальсификации продукции. Работа является продолжением серии исследований, направленных на решение методических вопросов создания методик и их корректное внедрение в систему менеджмента качества на предприятиях, специализирующихся в области пест-контроля.

The aspects of the analytical definition of the most common group of insecticidal preparative forms, which are conventionally combined under the term «liquid», are considered. These can confidently include emulsion and suspension concentrates (micro-encapsulated products, due to their specificity, are considered separately), as well as ready-to-use solutions of substances. Using concrete examples, the possibilities of using chromatographic methods (RP HPLC, GC) in the analysis of the most common groups of insecticidal substances (neonicotinoids, POS, pyrethroids, carbamates) and synergists (piperonyl butoxide, MGK 264) are considered. UV spectra (220-340 nm) were demonstrated for each of the 14 substances considered. Information is provided that allows relatively quickly, within the framework of a harmonized approach, to develop an analytical method based on an available chromatographic method or to identify the facts of falsification of products. The work is a continuation of a series of studies aimed at solving methodological issues of creating techniques and their correct implementation into the quality management system at enterprises specializing in the field of «pest control».
Postgraduation strategies for youth of the digital generation: employment and migration
Authors: Apenko S. N. , Lukash A. V.
Published: August 2024

The relevance of the study of postgraduation strategies for university students in Russia is determined by the shortage of qualified personnel in regional labor markets, which is formed, among other things, under the influence of young people’s territorial movement.

   The purpose of the study is to establish the nature of the relationship among postgraduate strategies in terms of employment of young people of the digital generation and their migration attitudes.

   The formulated hypotheses have been tested by analyzing a quantitative survey data (semi-structured questionnaire 2023) of student youth in Omsk within the framework of the federal project “Runway for Young Professionals. New Regions”. The migration neoclassical theory and the push-pull theory formed the methodological basis of the work. To interpret the data obtained, young people were grouped into two groups: informed and uninformed about the places of employment in the region. The study results show a difference in the postgraduation strategies for the two groups of youth. Informed students of the digital generation demonstrate a more optimistic scenario regarding the entry point in the regional labor market: higher than in the second group, among them confidence in finding a job in their specialty in the region is higher; they are less oriented towards labor migration; they are also less likely to consider employment options outside the specialty obtained at the university. At the same time, there is no strong difference between the groups when indicating the reasons in employment issues that stimulate migration. The main factors that push young people out of the region have been identified: low wages, lack of career prospects and jobs.
Sustainable growth as a result of implementing the concept of sustainable development of Chinese companies
Authors: Volodina A. O. , Trachenko M. B.
Published: August 2024

The article discusses two currently relevant concepts such as sustainable development and sustainable growth. By analyzing the sustainable growth factors of 48 ESG-oriented listed Chinese companies for the period 2020–2022, the authors have proved that following the sustainable development concept can ensure the sustainable growth of companies’ performance. ESG- oriented companies show an increase in the level of generated profits and profitability, as well as a decrease in the debt-equity ratio, which positively characterizes their performance. Excess of actual growth of such companies over sustainable growth has been revealed, which does not lead to negative consequences of the activity for the analyzed period, and also does not increase the risks associated with the need to increase debt capital to ensure the identified growth. The study concludes that it is necessary to develop a new toolkit or integrate the two concepts considered to ensure the ability of companies to achieve their sustainability goals without compromising fundamental financial performance. The study results can be used by companies that are already following the sustainable development concept, as well as by those ones that are only at the initial stage of developing and implementing ESG indicators in their operations, by investors when selecting an investment target and by academics in the course of research devoted to the topic of sustainable development and sustainable growth.
Retail transformation concepts development under the influence of industrial revolutions
Authors: Klimchenia L. S.
Published: August 2024

The relevance of the study is due to the lack of works on industrial revolutions impact on retail trade and transformation of its concepts.

   The purpose of the study is to analyze industrial revolutions impact on retail trade and its transformation concepts development.

   The methods of induction, deduction, comparison, and system analysis were used as a methodological basis. As part of the research, the author has generalized the results of scientific works in the field of technological development and the change of industrial revolutions and technological innovations impact on retail trade. The basic characteristics of industrial revolutions have been proposed such as onset conditions and results, their time boundaries, and the technological modes corresponding to them. The achievements of each industrial revolution are used in economy, causing a chain reaction in its branches. Retail trade is presen ted as a secondary segment of technological innovation implementation in relation to industry. At the same time, it has undergone the same stages of transformation as industry. The author has identified five concepts of retail trade, substantiated the transition timeframes to them, and cited the trade service transformation factors. The author substantiates that during the industrial revolutions change the content of the trade process does not change, but the resources that ensure its implementation are transformed in order to improve trade services quality to population.
Comprehensive analysis of latent reserves of innovative potential development
Authors: Korkin M. A.
Published: August 2024

The article provides a comparative analysis of the scientists’ and economists’ works, who studied the approaches to the methods of comprehensive assessment of latent reserves of innovation potential of the industrial complex. In the conditions of global economic relations transformation, the complex analysis of latent reserves of innovation potential development acts as one of the main elements of development and strategic growth of enterprises’ innovation potential. The conducted research has a significant impact on further study of the complex analysis of latent reserves of innovation potential development, contributing to the effective development of the industrial complex. The obtained results of the study can be used in the assessment and comprehensive analysis of latent reserves formation aimed at the enterprises’ innovative potential growth.
Comparative analysis of modern theoretical approaches to sustainable economic development
Authors: Lebedev V. V. , Terpugov A. E.
Published: August 2024

The article provides a comparative assessment of domestic and foreign scientists’ and economists’ works, who studied theoretical approaches to sustainable economic development. Countries are increasingly integrating with each other, labor productivity is higher, but at the same time natural resources are used too intensively, which leads to environmental pollution. In this regard, it is necessary to pay more attention and even be unable to influence the processes aimed at ensuring stable economic growth. In the conditions of world economic relations transformation, economic systems activity sustainability is a key element of development and growth of national economies of states. The introduction and use of theoretical approaches in the process of studying the sustainable development of the economy makes it possible to systematize various properties of economic systems in the process of analyzing its development prospects. The obtained results of the conducted research can be used in theoretical frameworks evaluation aimed at studying the sustainable development of economy.
The current state of international economic relations between Russia and African countries
Authors: Mahamat M. M.
Published: August 2024

The article analyzes current state of international economic relations among Russia and African countries and reveals their prospects. To date, these relations can be characterized as actively developing, but still relatively insufficiently intensive. Progress has been made in recent years, when Russia has increased its presence on the continent through various forms of economic cooperation. One important area of cooperation is trade. In 2023, trade turnover between Russia and African countries amounted to about 20 billion USD, which is a significant increase compared to previous years. However, compared to other global players such as China, European Union countries or the United States of America, economic interaction level among Russia and African countries is still not high enough. One of the main reasons for this is that Russian economic cooperation with Africa is dominated by the energy sector, especially supplies and infrastructure projects in the oil and gas industry. Meanwhile, other sectors such as agriculture, production of goods and services, and infrastructure investments remain less developed. One of the obstacles to deepening economic relations is also the lack of information and education about the opportunities for cooperation between Russia and Africa. There are also difficulties in securing financing for projects, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises.
Anxiety during the pandemic: existential grounds and ways of coping
Authors: Bakanova A. A.
Published: August 2024

The article reveals one of the psychological mechanisms of anxiety formation in response to existential challenges of uncertainty.

   The purpose of the study is to describe the psychological content of anxiety during the pandemic.

   The research method was the author’s questionnaire aimed at studying anxiety experience peculiarities and ways of coping with it in adults in the situation of COVID-19 pandemic. To realize the goal, adults (n = 181) aged 18 to 74 years were asked to describe their thoughts about the pandemic that cause anxiety, negative and positive perceptions of themselves in the context of the pandemic, and ways of coping with anxiety. The study results showed that anxiety in the pandemic situation has universal existential underpinnings such as fear of death, loneliness, and restriction of freedom. Anxiety is formed around two main negative perceptions of the person about themselves: “I am anxious” and “I am bad and weak”, which reflects the experience of their own vulnerability, the main causes of which are the fear of death of loved ones and experience of their own incompetence in a situation of uncertainty. To reduce anxiety during the pandemic, adults use both universal methods (mainly self-regulation methods) and conditionally specific ones related to the source of anxiety and, consequently, negative self-image. The interrelation among self-image, anxiety and ways of coping with it shows the psychological help directions within the framework of both cognitive and existential-humanistic approaches.
Company management systems models evaluation
Authors: Lin Shi , Bodyako A. V.
Published: August 2024

In order to form all elements of company management, it is necessary to choose the right management model that fully corresponds to the peculiarities of the sphere of existence, the personnel’s needs and the activity goals.

   The purpose of the study is to examine the management systems existing models and evaluate them with regard to their use in Russian companies.

   Within the framework of the work, theoretical and empirical methods were used to analyze the existing management experience. Studies of Russian and foreign specialists in the field of evaluation of management systems existing models and their effectiveness have been studied. In the course of the work it has been revealed that each of the existing national management systems was formed over many years, based on the peculiarities of the employees’ mentality and the market specifics. The American and European systems are more focused on obtaining economic results (profit), and the Japanese and Arab systems are more focused on meeting the needs of society and their employees. Each of them is to a certain extent effective within the framework of its state, but their application in other countries requires considerable adaptation. In recent years, several new management models have been developed that are able to adapt to environmental changes and are aimed at high performance. In Russian companies, modern models may be the most effective (marketing, “full” or integration models), but it is necessary to develop their own management systems to ensure high efficiency.
Transformation of jealousy in romantic relationships and its catalysts in digital age
Authors: Shchukina O. G.
Published: August 2024

The article studies the process of jealousy transformation in romantic relationships under the influence of digitalization. The author considers such definitions as “digital jealousy”, “digital infidelity”, and “virtual sex”, formulates a definition of digital jealousy, and considers emotional and behavioral reactions when experiencing jealousy under the influence of events and factors of the digital environment. Based on the content analysis results, behavioral markers that can be considered by a partner as evidence of digital infidelity and/or cause digital jealousy have been identified. The specific characteristics of digital jealousy include its existence in conditions of quasi-reality, diffusiveness, deployment in time and space, alienation from the fact of physical infidelity, and virtual representation. The author notes the connection between the intensity of the digital jealousy experience and the subjective significance of virtual space and representation in it. Ambivalence of the digital jealousy experience is expressed by the perception of its occurrence, on the one hand, as a predictor of physical infidelity, and, on the other hand, as a manifestation of crisis in romantic relationships and emotional estrangement of partners. It has been revealed that jealousy in digital space is largely due to a sense of ownership in relation to the time and attention of a partner and is associated with general transformation of romantic relationships in modern society.
Network structures and their role in the development of innovative and intellectual activity of business entities
Authors: Ovodenko D. V. , Tyukavkin N. M.
Published: August 2024

The article studies the level of innovative development of economic entities, which is due to the fact that in recent years it is significantly influenced by various directions of innovation and intellectual activity of economic entities. New technological opportunities are the basis for national innovation system transformation and networking environment formation, which will allow more effective use of management technologies for developing innovation and intellectual activity subjects, contributing to the emergence of complex innovative structures and management systems. The topic of the study is aimed at identifying and assessing the role of network structures in the development of innovation and intellectual activity of economic entities, which is a significant factor for the economic entity in connection with the realization of the importance of creating an integrative educational environment as the most effective form of educational processes implementation in the future. The conducted research and study of the scientists’ materials, who investigated the network structures role in the development of innovation and intellectual activity of business entities, as well as their impact on the development of Russian regions and the country’s economy as a whole, have shown that new mechanisms and ways of assessing the network structures role and systematizing the approaches of various scientists and specialists, who study and have studied this problem, are necessary.
Creating incentives for petrochemistry development in sanctioned economy
Authors: Afanasiev V. Ya. , Baykova O. V. , Bolshakova O. I. , Romantsov A. A.
Published: August 2024

Under the conditions of sanctions, the development of petrochemical production in Under the conditions of sanctions, petrochemical production development in Russia is especially important both from the point of view of high-grade products growth with increased margins and the need to increase demand for hydrocarbons within the country with a decrease in export supplies.

   The purpose of the study is to analyze the existing and identify the main possible incentive measures of state support to enhance investment activities in modernization and creation of new production facilities of Russian petrochemical complex.

   Methods such as generalization, analysis and synthesis, classification and modeling were used in the work. As a study result, main problems and challenges facing the industry have been identified. Priority areas of oil and gas companies’ activity necessary for petrochemistry accelerated development, positive examples of cooperation in the field of gas processing and gas chemistry, as well as industrial clusters creation have been presented. Project financing mechanisms of the state corporation VEB.RF have been analyzed. The need to attract competent specialized Russian EPC contractors from the register recommended by VEB.RF for implementing projects in the field of petrochemistry has been explained. Using the example of methanol production and its use as a raw material for high-grade products creation, importance of long-term contractual relations between the state and business, such as agreements on protection and promotion of capital investments and special investment contracts, has been shown. The need to ensure continuity of state support measures at all stages of creating and implementing technologies for developing and improving petrochemical products has been formulated.
A strategic development mechanism to improve the competitiveness and sustainability of metallurgical enterprises
Authors: Velikaya O. A.
Published: August 2024

In recent years, in the process of technological sovereignty formation, increasing competitiveness and formation of conditions for the effective development of industrial metallurgical enterprises cause a lot of discussions, the essence of which is reduced to discussing the sanctions imposed on Russian industrial enterprises, affecting the raw materials and components supply, so the research topic is relevant to the domestic industry. The increase of competitive advantages contributes to the development of the national economy of industrial metallurgical enterprises, as their products are used in many industries of the real sector of the economy. The article is aimed at assessing the current level of the strategic development mechanism and increasing competitive advantages and sustainability of the metallurgical industry with effective optimization of supplies’ financial costs based on systematization and forecasting. The carried out study of the scientists’ materials, who worked on the problem and investigated these issues, has shown that a special role is assigned to the strategic development mechanism evaluation, which contributes to improving competitiveness and sustainable development of metallurgical enterprises, as well as the transformation of the regional productive forces and production relations in the metallurgical complex, which at the present stage is entering a new stabilization stage of its development.
The national project “Labor Productivity” in the Rostov Region: impact on economy of the region
Authors: Pogorelova L. A. , Kulikov M. M.
Published: August 2024

The article analyzes the impact of measures to improve labor productivity within the framework of the national project “Labor Productivity” at enterprises – small businesses of the Rostov region with revenues from 100 to 400 million rubles for the period from 2019 to 2022 inclusive on the aggregate financial performance of companies involved in the project implementation. Based on the analysis of accounting data for the studied set of enterprises, we can conclude about correlation between the measures to improve labor productivity and financial performance within each specific enterprise, as well as in terms of the positive impact on total deductions to the budgets of various levels. It has been shown that total dynamics of payments to the budget for the analyzed period for the studied aggregate increased by 2.2 times, property status of the production complex – by 3.6 times, and profitability indicators – by more than 3 times. Positive influence of the national project “Labor Productivity” on the economy of Rostov region has been proved.

   The study results can be used as a basis for adjusting further trajectory of the project implementation in the region, which determines the relevance of the study.
Updating customs services list as one of the means of transformation
Authors: Sofiyannikova I. Yu.
Published: August 2024

The article studies existing state customs services list, means of their provision, and problems associated with their implementation and realization.

   The purpose of the study is to analyze customs services sphere transformation considering increasing digital maturity of economy.

   The relevance of the study is due to the need to expand service provision in the state customs services sphere considering orientation to the interests of the end user (foreign economic activity participant, business representative, individuals, and legal entities).

   The main objectives are to identify problematic aspects of the customs authorities service sphere and to propose and justify the need to introduce new non-regulated state customs services.

   The article used both theoretical research methods such as the analysis of current legislation, as well as the works of modern researchers in this field and empirical methods such as practical substantiation of options for improving state control effectiveness and mechanism for providing state customs services. On the basis of the analysis of the customs services currently provided, the most demanded and unclaimed ones have been identified. The study result is the proposal of possible options for implementing non-regulated state customs services to expand the customs author-ities service sphere.
Examining the liver–pancreas crosstalk reveals a role for the molybdenum cofactor in β-cell regeneration
Authors: Karampelias Christos , Băloiu Bianca , Rathkolb Birgit , da Silva-Buttkus Patricia , Bachar-Wikström Etty , Marschall Susan , Fuchs Helmut , Gailus-Durner Valerie , Chu Lianhe , Hrabě de Angelis Martin , Andersson Olov
Published: August 2024

Regeneration of insulin-producing β-cells is an alternative avenue to manage diabetes, and it is crucial to unravel this process in vivo during physiological responses to the lack of β-cells. Here, we aimed to characterize how hepatocytes can contribute to β-cell regeneration, either directly or indirectly via secreted proteins or metabolites, in a zebrafish model of β-cell loss. Using lineage tracing, we show that hepatocytes do not directly convert into β-cells even under extreme β-cell ablation conditions. A transcriptomic analysis of isolated hepatocytes after β-cell ablation displayed altered lipid- and glucose-related processes. Based on the transcriptomics, we performed a genetic screen that uncovers a potential role of the molybdenum cofactor (Moco) biosynthetic pathway in β-cell regeneration and glucose metabolism in zebrafish. Consistently, molybdenum cofactor synthesis 2 (Mocs2) haploinsufficiency in mice indicated dysregulated glucose metabolism and liver function. Together, our study sheds light on the liver–pancreas crosstalk and suggests that the molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis pathway should be further studied in relation to glucose metabolism and diabetes.
Determinant efficiency of the banking industry in Indonesia
Authors: Ganefi Hadi Satria , Syafrudin Oding , Lesmana Arief Surya
Published: August 2024

The concept of efficiency emphasizes the ability to utilize available resources economically. Efficiency in banking is stated as an indicator of bank performance that is needed to survive in competition and changes in consumer behavior. This study investigates the efficient performance of commercial banks in Indonesia, crucial for their resilience amidst competitive pressures and evolving consumer behaviors. Utilizing a purposive sample of 85 banks from 2018 to 2022, we employ Data Envelopment Analysis, a non-parametric method, to assess efficiency. Our findings reveal suboptimal operational efficiency across Indonesian commercial banks during the study period, with an average efficiency score consistently below 1. Notably, larger banks, with capital exceeding 70 trillion, exhibit superior efficiency, averaging between 97% to 98%. Conversely, smaller banks, with capital under 6 trillion, demonstrate varied efficiency levels. Hypothesis testing underscores the significant impact of company size, profitability, and capital ratios on bank efficiency.

Konsep efisiensi menggarisbawahi tentang kecakapan dalam memanfaatkan sumber daya yang tersedia secara ekonomis. Efisiensi pada perbankan dinyatakan sebagai indikator kinerja bank yang diperlukan agar dapat bertahan dalam persaingan dan perubahan perilaku konsumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai bagaimana kinerja efisiensi pada bank umum di Indonesia. Sebanyak 85 sampel bank dipilih secara purposive dan digunakan dalam penelitian selama tahun 2018 - 2022. Penaksiran nilai efisiensi pada seluruh bank umum dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan non parametrik dengan Data Envelopment Analysis. Hasil penaksiran menunjukkan bahwa selama periode pengamatan bank umum di Indonesia belum beroperasi secara efisien. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan nilai rata-rata efisiensi seluruh bank yang bernilai lebih kecil dari 1. Hasil empiris menunjukkan efisiensi tertinggi terdapat pada kelompok bank besar yang memiliki modal di atas 70 triliun dengan rata-rata berkisar 97% sampai 98%. Sedangkan efisiensi tedapat terjadi pada kelompok bank kecil yang memiliki modal di bawah 6 triliun. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa ukuran perusahaan, profitabilitas dan rasio permodalan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap efisiensi bank.
Pengaruh pengalaman kerja dan komunikasi terhadap produktivitas tenaga kerja
Authors: Sari Nurmala , Budiati Yuli , Lestari Rohmini Indah
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengalaman kerja dan komunikasi terhadap produktivitas tenaga kerja dengan kompetensi sebagai variabel mediasi. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan non-probability sampling dengan 40 responden dan populasi sesuai kriteria. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan PT Van Techno Saa. Metoda analisis yang digunakan adalah uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi linier, uji hipotesis, analisis jalur dan uji sobel. Hal ini dilakukan dengan menguji kemampuan variabel independen (X) dalam memberikan pengaruh tidak langsung terhadap variabel dependen (Y) dengan variabel intervening (Z). Berdasarkan hasil analisis dari 40 responden menunjukkan bahwa pengalaman kerja mempunyai pengaruh signifikan terhadap produktivitas kerja, komunikasi mempunyai pengaruh signifikan terhadap produktivitas kerja, kompetensi mempunyai pengaruh signifikan terhadap produktivitas kerja, pengalaman kerja dan komunikasi mempunyai pengaruh signifikan terhadap kompetensi. Pengalaman kerja dengan kompetensi yang berfungsi sebagai faktor mediasi komunikasi meningkatkan produktivitas tenaga kerja.

This research aims to determine the influence of work experience and communication on labor productivity with competency as a mediating variable. Sampling used non-probability sampling with 40 respondents and a population according to the criteria. This type of research is quantitative. The population in this study were employees of PT Van Techno Saa. The analytical methods used are classical assumption test, linear regression analysis, hypothesis testing, path analysis and Sobel test. This is done by testing the ability of the independent variable (X) to provide an indirect influence on the dependent variable (Y) with the intervening variable (Z). Based on the results of the analysis of 40 respondents, it shows that work experience has a significant influence on productivity, communication has a significant influence on productivity, competence has a significant influence on work productivity, work experience and communication have a significant influence on competence. Work experience with competencies that function as communication mediating factors increases labor productivity.
PENGARUH KEMAMPUAN KERJA, MOTIVASI DAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA PELAKU PENGADAAN BARANG/JASA (STUDI DI SATUAN -- SATUAN KERJA MAPOLDA JAWA TENGAH -- SEMARANG)
Authors: Fajar Saiful , Santoso Djoko
Published: August 2024

Penelitian tentang pengaruh kemampuan kerja, motivasi dan komitmen organisasi pada Satuan Satuan Kerja Mapolda Jawa Tengah, Semarang bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis (1). pengaruh kemampuan kerja terhadap kinerja, (2). pengaruh motivasi terhadap kinerja dan (3) pengaruh komitmen organisasi terhadap kinerja. Responden yang digunakan adalah 71 responden yang berstatus sebagai personil yang sudah memiliki sertifikasi keahlian pengadaan barang dan jasa yang dikeluarkan oleh Bappenas RI atau LKPP (Lembaga Kebijakan Pengadaan barang/jasa Pemerintah serta tidak menjabat sebagai kepala satuan kerja). Kemampuan kerja diukur dengan lima (5) item pertanyaan, motivasi diukur dengan empat (4) item pertanyaan, komitmen organisasi diukur dengan lima (5) item pertanyaan, dan kinerja karyawan diukur dengan enam (6) item pertanyaan yang mengukur sejauh mana hasil kerja yang dicapai pegawai. Pengujian validitas dengan korelasi product moment, pengujian reliabilitas dengan Cronbach s Alpha. Untuk menguji pengaruh kemampuan kerja, motivasi, dan komitmen organisasi terhadap kinerja menggunakan analisis regresi berganda, dan uji t untuk menguji dan membuktikan hipotesis penelitian. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa (1) kemampuan kerja berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kinerja pelaku pengadaan barang dan jasa pada Satuan Kerja-Satuan Kerja Mapolda Jawa Tengah, Semarang (t = 3,386, probabilitas (Ï) = 0,001). (2). motivasi berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kinerja pelaku pengadaan barang dan jasa pada Satuan Kerja-Satuan Kerja Mapolda Jawa Tengah, Semarang (t hitung= 2,186, probabilitas (Ï) = 0,032) dan (3). komitmen organisasi berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kinerja pelaku pengadaan barang dan jasa pada Satuan KerjaSatuan Kerja Mapolda Jawa Tengah, Semarang (t hitung= 5,297, probabilitas (Ï) = 0,000)  