bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bibliometric analysis of the inflammatory mechanism in aortic disease
Authors: Wang Luchen , Zhou Sangyu , Liu Yanxiang , Li Yunfeng , Sun Xiaogang
Published: February 2022

Background: In view of the key role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of aortic disease, we visually analyzed the research hotspots of inflammatory mechanism in aortic disease in this work through the method of bibliometrics from the Web of Science (WOS) Core database over the past three decades. Methods: A visual bibliometric network of research articles on inflammatory mechanisms in aortic disease was obtained from VOSviewer and Citespace based on the WOS Core Collection. Results: A total of 1278 documents from January 1990 to February 2021 were selected for analysis. The United States and China had the highest percentage of articles, comprising 34.01% and 24.92% of articles worldwide, respectively. Harvard University has published the most articles in this field, followed by the University of Michigan and Huazhong University of Science and Technology. The top 3 research hotspots were atherosclerosis, oxidative stress, and macrophages. The journal with the most articles in this area was Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, followed by Atherosclerosis and PLOS One. The research trend on inflammatory mechanisms in the aortic system has 5 distinct directions: (1) atherosclerosis, NF-κB, expression, smooth muscle cell, and oxidative stress; (2) coronary artery disease, C-reactive protein, risk factors, endothelial dysfunction, and aortic stenosis; (3) abdominal aortic aneurysm, matrix metalloproteinases, macrophage, and pathogenesis; (4) cholesterol, metabolism, low-density lipoprotein, gene expression, and a therosclerotic lesions; and (5) calcific aortic valve disease, interstitial cells, calcification, and stenosis. Conclusions: Inflammatory mechanism research has shown a tendency to rise gradually in the aortic field. Numerous studies have explored the role of inflammatory responses in aortic disease, which may increase the risk of endothelial dysfunction (aortic fibrosis and stiffness) and induce plaque formation. Among them, NFκB activation, nitric-oxide synthase expression, and oxidative stress are particularly essential.
The effects of pre-transplantation center-based cardiac rehabilitation on the postoperative quality of life and adherence to exercise in patients undergoing heart transplantation
Authors: Seo Yong-Gon , Park Won-Hah , Oh Suki , Jeon Eun-Seok , Choi Jin-Oh , Kim Ho-Young , Jang Mija , Cho Yang-Hyun , Sung Jidong
Published: February 2022

Background: Heart transplantation (HTx) is the final treatment option for patients with chronic heart failure. Several studies have reported that exercise therapy, which is a component of cardiac rehabilitation, improves exercise capacity and the quality of life (QOL) in patients with heart failure. Methods: Three patients, referred to an inpatient cardiac rehabilitation before HTx, participated in center-based cardiac rehabilitation (CBCR) during the hospitalization period. The CBCR, including aerobic exercises and resistance training, was conducted 3–4 days/week under cardiac rehabilitation team. Clinical outcomes included QOL using short form (SF)-36 questionnaire and the level of physical activity using international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) were evaluated before and after following the CBCR. Results: These patients showed an improved QOL in physical components with mean 32% and in mental components with mean 43%. The adherence to exercise confirmed by level of physical activity also increased as much as mean 1275 MET-minutes at 3 months after transplantation. Conclusions: The findings in case report show the safety and effectiveness of CBCR in patients waiting for HTx during hopitalization. This is the first case report showing the effect of CBCR in admission period in Korean patients undergoing HTx.
Association of B-type natriuretic peptide with rapid progression in patients with aortic stenosis
Authors: Han Kangning , Shi Dongmei , Yang Lixia , Xie Meng , Wang Zhijian , Gao Fei , Ma Xiaoteng , Zhou Yujie
Published: February 2022

Background: Rapid progression of aortic stenosis (AS) is associated with poor outcomes, and the impact of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) on AS progression remains unknown. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between BNP level and the AS progression rate. Methods: From January 2016 to June 2021, 200 AS patients with progression who had at least two transthoracic echocardiograms with a maximum interval of 180 days were retrospectively analyzed. Rapid progression of AS was defined as the annual increase of aortic jet velocity (Vmax) ≥0.3 m/s/year. For analyses, both the log-transformed BNP and the BNP ratio were used. The linear regression and binary logistic regression analyses were used to determine the association between BNP and the AS progression. Results: At a median echocardiographic follow-up of 595 days, the annual median (interquartile) progression of Vmax was 0.26 (0.09–0.58) m/s/year. Patients with rapid progression had higher age, log BNP, and higher percentage of diabetes and male gender. Higher tertiles of log BNP and BNP ratio had more rapid increase in Vmax (p = 0.018 and 0.033, respectively). BNP ratio significantly correlated with Vmax progression in univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). Moreover, both the univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses showed that the log BNP and BNP ratio were associated with the rapid progression of AS (p < 0.050 for all). Conclusions: Higher BNP was independently associated with the rapid progression of AS.
Changes and predictors of secondary mild mitral regurgitation after coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Wang Han , Zhang Bing , Wu Wei-Chun , Zhu Zhen-Hui , Wang Hao
Published: February 2022

Background: Secondary mitral regurgitation (SMR) has been related to left ventricular (LV) remodeling and geometric deformation of the mitral apparatus after myocardial infarction (MI), and proved to be associated with adverse cardiac events. We assessed the proportion of mild SMR before and after isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery, and further study to evaluate dynamic changes of MR and the determinants of such process on 1 year follow-up. Methods: From 2019 to 2021, cohort study of 171 consecutive hospitalized patients who underwent selective isolated CABG surgery were included and divided into the control group and mild MR group according to whether mild MR occurred at baseline. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to test the associations of changes in MR after CABG, and p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean age of the cohort was 61.31 ± 8.71 years and 78.95% were male at baseline, divided into the control group (74.85%) and mild MR group (25.15%), respectively. The LV volumetric and size parameters were higher in the mild MR group, with decline in LV and left atrial (LA) strain measurements. About half participants with mild MR at baseline persisted in that category and the rest reverted to none MR on follow-up, while preoperative left main coronary artery occlusion may impede the improvement (p < 0.05). The control group at baseline tended to maintain none MR and one-eighth progressed to mild MR on follow-up, moreover older age and lower LVEF emerged as key correlation of this development. LA volume index (LAVi) was associated with an increased risk of developing mild MR (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Patients with secondary mild MR had LA dysfunction and CABG surgery promoted regression of MR. LAV has an incremental role for early detection of change in MR over time after surgery.
Barriers to African American and Other Minority Population Participation in Genomic-Related Health Research: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Onyeneho Karyn , Thompson Linda , Okunji Priscilla , Fungwe Thomas , Brown Gina
Published: February 2022

The paucity of data for African Americans (AAs) participating in health-related research (e.g., genomic health research) is often attributed to difficulty in recruitment and retention. The COVID-19 pandemic, which has resulted in hundreds of thousands of deaths, particularly in AA communities, has amplified the problem. Reasons for not participating remain unclear and may account for health disparities observed in these communities. Failure and unwillingness to participate in research in general influences health disparities, which may lead to missed economic opportunities, inequalities, poor health, reduced quality of life, and premature death. This review assesses barriers to acceptance of genomic-related health research among AAs and other marginalized populations. To investigate barriers to participating in health-related research involving deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), 38 studies published in PubMed and Scopus between January 2008 and December 2018 were reviewed. Results were based on feedback collected by trained research assistants and phlebotomists during structured group, face-to-face, and telephonic. Reason for non-participation in genomic related research were pervasive and included perceived and/or actual experiences of mistrust and deceptiveness by investigators, misuse of genomic data, unethical research practices, healthcare system distrust, privacy concerns, socioeconomic influences, cultural beliefs, and other influences associated with psychosocial factors. These results are consistent with diminishing participation of AAs in DNA-related research attributable to a range of factors leading to health disparities. Addressing these factors among marginalized communities, and AAs who have not largely been represented in DNA-related research, will guide insights on how to conduct research in these communities.
Fair funding and levelling up for pupils with special educational needs and disability in England 2014 to 2023
Authors: Marsh Alan J. , Gray Peter , Norwich brahm
Published: February 2022

This study explores the variations in funding by relative need, allocated to English local authorities (LAs) for special educational needs and disability, by analysis of the schools National Funding Formula (NFF). The findings demonstrate continuing and significant differences in high needs (HN) funding between demographically similar LAs, despite a £3.5 billion (67%) increase in the HN budget since 2014-15. The funding variations range from £1,066 to £537 per pupil. The differences are largely the result of historical spending arrangements together with the application of a funding floor increase of 8% for all LAs and a funding ceiling of 11%. There is also a significant link between the level of LA funding and their use of specialist provision and statutory assessments. The discussion explores the Government’s policy of fair funding and the NFF implementation, and concludes that any mechanisms which are applied to protect funding stability should not undermine levelling up.
Investing: NFTs? How about choosing science?
Authors: Le Tam-Tri
Published: February 2022

The NFT trend attracts a lot of investment. Science deserves the attention (and funding), too.
Ngụ Ngôn Bói Cá
Authors: Hoàng Vương Quân
Published: February 2022

Những trang tiếp theo gom góp 15 mẩu chuyện ngụ ngôn về nhân vật gọi là Bói-Cá tiên sinh, được viết lại thành dạng truyện ngắn, không có truyện nào dài quá một trang. Nếu để rải rác thì ai có muốn tìm lại cũng khó, nay tôi gom cả lại một tập cho dễ tìm và đọc một lượt là hết. Các truyện ngụ ngôn này được đăng rải rác trên tờ Kinh tế và Dự báo, ở mục Khoảng Lặng, trong các số thuộc năm 2017 và 2018, dưới bút danh Chẫu Chàng. Tác giả xin chân thành cảm ơn anh Lê Xuân Đình và chị Đỗ Phương Lan, đã động viên (và thúc giục) để chúng phải ra đời đúng lúc. Quả nhiên, sự thúc giục rất quý giá. Vì sau này khi thiếu nó, chẳng có thêm mẩu nào nữa được ra đời. Các bức tranh cho bài đều của họa sỹ Bùi Quang Khiêm, xin cảm ơn họa sỹ Khiêm.
Low TCEAL4 expression distinguishes basal-like human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: February 2022

Patients diagnosed with basal-like breast cancer face a more aggressive disease course and more dismal prognosis than patients diagnosed with luminal A and luminal B breast cancer molecular subtypes (1-4). We mined published microarray data (5, 6) to understand in an unbiased fashion the most distinguishing transcriptional features of tumors from patients with basal or basal-like subtype breast cancer. We observed transcriptome-wide differential expression of transcription elongation factor A-like 4, TCEAL4, when comparing tumors of patients with basal-like breast cancer with that of other PAM50 molecular subtypes. TCEAL4 mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in the tumors of patients with basal-like breast cancer. Analysis of patient survival data revealed that TCEAL4 primary tumor expression was correlated with distant metastasis-free survival in human breast cancer. Elevated TCEAL4 expression appears to distinguish basal-like human breast cancer from the other molecular subtypes.
The Relationship Between Mobbing Behaviors Experienced by Teachers and Their Feeling of Relative Deprivation
Authors: Karatepe Ramazan , Aygar Bilge Bakır , Gündüz Sinem
Published: February 2022

Mobbing is generally a situation where victims are directly and indirectly affected, and has an increasingly negative impact on victims, harming their psychosocial and physical health and causing power imbalance. Relative deprivation is defined not only as a perception but also as a sense of deprivation felt meaning anger. Relative deprivation has two dimensions as cognitive and emotional. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the level of mobbing perceived or experienced by teachers and their feeling of relative deprivation. The data were collected from 319 public school teachers in Turkey through online environments. The research data were collected using the Relative Deprivation Scale for Teachers and Mobbing Scale. According to the results of the research, there are significant differences in both scales according to gender, seniority and school level. A positive relationship was found between Relative Deprivation Scale and the Mobbing Scale. In addition, mobbing behaviors experienced by teachers are a significant predictor of Administrative Deprivation and Personal Deprivation dimensions.
Low IL6ST expression distinguishes basal-like human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: February 2022

Patients diagnosed with basal-like breast cancer face a more aggressive disease course and more dismal prognosis than patients diagnosed with luminal A and luminal B breast cancer molecular subtypes (1-4). We mined published microarray data (5, 6) to understand in an unbiased fashion the most distinguishing transcriptional features of tumors from patients with basal or basal-like subtype breast cancer. We observed transcriptome-wide differential expression of interleukin 6 signal transducer, IL6ST, when comparing tumors of patients with basal-like breast cancer with that of other PAM50 molecular subtypes. IL6ST mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in the tumors of patients with basal-like breast cancer. Analysis of patient survival data revealed that IL6ST primary tumor expression was correlated with distant metastasis-free survival in basal subtype breast cancer. Low IL6ST expression appears to distinguish basal-like human breast cancer from the other molecular subtypes.
Low ENPP1 expression distinguishes basal-like human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: February 2022

Patients diagnosed with basal-like breast cancer face a more aggressive disease course and more dismal prognosis than patients diagnosed with luminal A and luminal B breast cancer molecular subtypes (1-4). We mined published microarray data (5, 6) to understand in an unbiased fashion the most distinguishing transcriptional features of tumors from patients with basal or basal-like subtype breast cancer. We observed transcriptome-wide differential expression of ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1, ENPP1, when comparing tumors of patients with basal-like breast cancer with that of other PAM50 molecular subtypes. ENPP1 mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in the tumors of patients with basal-like breast cancer. Analysis of patient survival data revealed that ENPP1 primary tumor expression was correlated with overall survival in basal subtype breast cancer. Low ENPP1 expression appears to distinguish basal-like human breast cancer from the other molecular subtypes.
Betel nut use and attitudes among guards at US Embassy Kolonia (Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia)
Authors: Marcus Pamela M
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectives: Betel nut chewing, with and without the addition of tobacco, is associated with an increased risk of oral cavity cancer. Betel nut chewing in Pohnpei (Federated States of Micronesia) has grown in popularity, and as expected, oral cavity cancer rates appear to be on the rise. Reasons for chewing and attitudes toward quitting were explored using a self-administered survey given to security guards at US Embassy Kolonia in January, 2020.Design: Guards were invited to complete a 10 question survey. The survey was developed for this situation. Each question addressed a different aspect of betel nut use, including frequency, reason for chewing, and desire to quit. Nine of the 10 questions were close-ended. All nineteen guards employed at the Embassy were invited to participate. Eighteen completed and returned the survey.Results: Ten, or 56%, of the eighteen guards reported chewing betel nut at least once in the last 3 months. Eight of the 10 reported chewing at least a couple of times a week, and 5 of the 10 reported adding tobacco most of the time they chewed. Nine of the 10 chewers reported that they wanted to quit chewing or reduce the amount they chew. The most frequently reported reason was fear of getting oral cavity cancer and disfigurement resulting from surgical treatment. Conclusion: Though this dataset is too small and its respondents too select to generalize results to all Pohnpei adult males, it provides, to the best of our knowledge, the first information on attitudes regarding betel nut chewing in that group. The results provide reason to be optimistic that cessation resources, if made available, would be of interest to the adult male Pohnpeian population.
Changes in Late Adolescents' Trust Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bi Shanshan , Buyukcan-Tetik Asuman , Maes Marlies , Li Jian Bin , Finkenauer Catrin , stevens gonneke
Published: February 2022

Trust is crucial to the public’s compliance with policies and rules released by governments, particularly in times of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. However, it remains unclear whether and to what extent late adolescents’ interpersonal and institutional trust fluctuated from the pre-COVID-19 pandemic to the lasting phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study uses three-wave longitudinal data from the Youth Got Talent (YGT) project to address this gap (n = 1,423; 43% boys; Mage = 17.85, SD = 1.95). Latent basis growth curve models showed that interpersonal trust remained relatively stable over time. In contrast, institutional trust temporarily increased from pre-COVID-19 pandemic (Fall 2019) to the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic (Spring 2020) and subsequently, decreased during the lasting phase of the COVID-19 pandemic (Fall 2020). These results enhance our understanding of trust among late adolescents and have implications for policies aiming to manage the COVID-19 pandemic.
Elevated KIF2C expression distinguishes basal-like human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: February 2022

Patients diagnosed with basal-like breast cancer face a more aggressive disease course and more dismal prognosis than patients diagnosed with luminal A and luminal B breast cancer molecular subtypes (1-4). We mined published microarray data (5, 6) to understand in an unbiased fashion the most distinguishing transcriptional features of tumors from patients with basal or basal-like subtype breast cancer. We observed transcriptome-wide differential expression of kinesin family member 2C, KIF2C, when comparing tumors of patients with basal-like breast cancer with that of other PAM50 molecular subtypes. KIF2C mRNA was present at significantly higher quantities in the tumors of patients with basal-like breast cancer. Analysis of patient survival data revealed that KIF2C primary tumor expression was correlated with overall survival in basal subtype breast cancer. Elevated KIF2C expression appears to distinguish basal-like human breast cancer from the other molecular subtypes.
Science is so costly because of wars
Authors: Nguyen Minh-Hoang
Published: February 2022

Investment in science has led human civilization to many achievements in science and technology, including military weapons. War – the worst scenario of a conflict – always leads to deaths and devastation. Weapons do not destroy things and kill people by themselves, but they are used and controlled by the hands of humans. No matter how advanced they are, they are still tools that serve humans’ interests. Conflicts need to be resolved through humane approaches aided by science and technology developments. Besides advances in science and technology, humanities and social sciences developments are indispensable for resolving conflicts and improving well-being. The cost of science can be either rational or irrational, depending on its purposes. So, don’t make our science costly by making war. Otherwise, human civilizations will resolve conflicts using “sticks and stones”, as Albert Einstein quoted.
Interannual variability of the Australian summer monsoon sustained through internal processes: wind-evaporation feedback, dynamical air-sea interaction and soil moisture memory
Authors: Sekizawa Shion , Nakamura Hisashi , Kosaka Yu
Published: February 2022

In northern Australia (NAUS), mean rainfall during the Australian summer monsoon (AUSM) season exhibits distinct interannual variability despite weak influence from tropical sea surface temperature (SST) variability. The present study investigates mechanisms for the strong and persistent rainfall anomalies throughout the AUSM season. When the AUSM is stronger than normal, the low-level monsoonal circulation intensifies in response to the stronger convective activity over NAUS. The intensified surface westerlies over the tropical southeastern Indian Ocean (SEIO) enhance oceanic evaporation locally and downstream moisture transport into NAUS. This wind-evaporation feedback is verified through a moist static energy budget analysis. For this feedback to work effectively, SST cooling due to the stronger AUSM should be weak enough not to suppress the oceanic evaporation in the tropical SEIO. Our mixed-layer heat budget analysis based on an ocean model hindcast experiment reveals that anomalous downwelling in the subsurface SEIO, which is induced dynamically by the intensified monsoon westerlies, partially offsets the SST cooling. The land-surface evaporation over the continental inland area is also enhanced significantly in the middle and later portions of the monsoon season associated with increased soil moisture, suggesting its memory effect for the persistence of rainfall anomalies. The AUSM variability can therefore be regarded as a self-sustaining internal variability in the atmosphere-ocean-land surface coupled system, rather than just an atmospheric internal variability.
Anticipatory deficits in psychosis during social cognition task revealed by task-based EEG dynamic functional connectivity analysis
Authors: Padée Anna , Missonnier Pascal , Prévot Anne , Favre Grégoire , Gothuey Isabelle , Richiardi Jonas
Published: February 2022

Schizophrenia affects a wide range of cognitive functions. These deficits present during socioeconomic game play, such as the Ultimatum Game (UG), which combines decision-making with social interaction: participants make offers of money (proposer) or decide whether to accept offers or not (respon-der). Correct activation of neuronal bases has been reported in schizophrenic patients following a proposition of money, while the same networks were not activated in response to the offered amount of money. It isunclear, however, if abnormalities in the neural networks’ commitment supporting the anticipation of the stimulus for final social decision-making may explain this discrepancy between both experimental conditions.We compared schizophrenia patients (N=19) with healthy controls (N=24) during the UG task, computing EEG imaginary part of coherency (ImCoh). Fronto-occipital and temporal interhemispheric ImCoh in alpha (8-13Hz) and beta (14-30Hz) frequency bands was estimated to assess the strength of functional connectivity between these brain regions.In the responder condition, we found significant group differences in alpha band between frontal and occipital electrodes, starting 0.7 s before stimulus onset (p=0.043, corrected for multiple comparisons).In contrast, there was no significant group difference in the beta band. In the proposer condition, no difference in connectivity was found in either frequency band.These findings support the idea of a psychosis-related dysfunction of fronto-occipital cortical networks engaged in the anticipation of the proposition during the decision part of the game. In contrast, patients with schizophrenia may have preserved functional connectivity in the proposer condition, indicatingthat the timing of anticipation commitment plays a key role in adapted activation of neural bases related to human interaction in schizophrenia.
When the Forward Testing Effect Confounds the Testing Effect: Implications for Theory and Individual Differences
Authors: Gupta Mohan , Pan Steven C. , Rickard Timothy Charles
Published: February 2022

Recall from episodic memory has been shown to enhance learning of both the retrieved information (e.g., relative to a restudy control condition; the testing effect, or TE) and subsequently studied materials (the forward testing effect, or FTE). The TE paradigm may be subject to an FTE confound when training phase testing precedes restudy, attenuating TE magnitude. Across one new cued-recall experiment and five large n cued-recall datasets from the literature, we provide evidence for that confounding effect. We further show that the predictions of the dual-memory model of TE can hold when there is and is not a confounding FTE. If there is no FTE confound, the model equation can successfully predict proportion correct in the test condition across the entire cumulative distribution. When there is an FTE confound, that prediction holds only for the lower portion of the cumulative distribution (i.e., for participants with relatively low task ability or motivation), but we show that the model can still account for proportion correct across the full distribution, provided that the prediction is based on restudy proportion correct for a matched control group that is not subject to the FTE confound. An account of the FTE confound effect is proposed, according to which a difficult test promotes more effective strategy use, particularly among higher ability participants, during subsequent restudy. Implications for testing effect theory and application are discussed. Given the greater information that the cumulative distribution analysis provides, we recommend that approach as a routine supplement to mean proportion correct.
The impact of trait introversion-extraversion and identity on state authenticity: Debating the benefits of extraversion
Authors: Bossom Isabella , Zelenski John M.
Published: February 2022

Research suggests that trait introverts feel more authentic when acting extraverted. We explored boundaries of this idea by assessing trait and identities as introvert or extravert and asking participants to debate extraversion’s value. Students (Study 1: N = 310, Study 2 direct replication: N = 407) were randomly assigned to pro or con sides in the debate and then reported their state authenticity and affect. Results suggested interactions between individual differences (trait, identity) and debate condition on authenticity. Counter-dispositional and counter-identity debating decreased authenticity, though with variation in strength across studies. Affect did not follow this pattern. These findings provide preliminary evidence for the importance of trait-related identities and suggest limits to the benefits of embracing counter-dispositional extraversion.
The questionable validity of attention bias variability: Evidence from two conceptually unrelated cognitive tasks
Authors: Carlson Joshua , Fang Lin
Published: February 2022

Attention bias variability is thought to measure fluctuations in attention towards and away from threat-related information and is elevated in affective disorders. However, recent evidence suggests that attention bias variability may quantify general reaction time variability rather than attention bias behavior per se. The current study calculated “attention bias variability” from two conceptually unrelated cognitive tasks: the dot-probe task (measuring attentional bias) and the arrow flanker task (measuring cognitive control). Attention bias variability measures were correlated across these unrelated tasks. Yet, when general reaction time variability was controlled, attention bias variability across tasks was no longer correlated. Further, although attention bias variability calculated from the dot-probe task initially correlated with anxious symptoms, this association was no longer significant when controlling for general reaction time variability. These findings provide strong empirical evidence that attention bias variability is not a valid measure of attention-related behavior, but reflective of general reaction time variability.
Decision-making times reveal that people’s thinking plans adapt to the problem they are trying to solve
Authors: Ongchoco Joan Danielle K. , Knobe Joshua , Jara-Ettinger Julian
Published: February 2022

Much of our thinking focuses on deciding what to do in situations where the space of possible options is often too large to evaluate exhaustively. Previous work has found that people do this by learning the general value of different behaviors, and prioritizing thinking about high-value options in new situations. Is this good action bias always the best strategy, or can thinking about low-value options sometimes become more beneficial? Can people adapt their thinking accordingly based on the situation? And how do we know what to think about in novel events? Here, we developed a block-puzzle paradigm that enabled us to measure people’s thinking plans and compare them to a computational model of rational thought. Our results suggested that people can quickly estimate the apparent value of different options and use this to guide what to think about— in particular, the potentially high-value options (Experiment 1). But when the situation made it more beneficial to focus on potentially negative options, participants—like our model—focused on low-value options, leaving them less time to think about high-reward choices (Experiment 2). Our results suggest that thinking plans are flexible: what we think about depends on the structure of the problems we are trying to solve.
Archaeological Cultures of the Sheyenne Bend
Authors: Michlovic Michael G. , Holley George R.
Published: February 2022

This volume presents the results of several decades of archaeological research in the Sheyenne Bend region of southeastern North Dakota. Piecing together evidence from disparate field projects, along with the work done by previous researchers, Archaeological Cultures of the Sheyenne Bend offers a status report on the pre-European era cultures of southeastern North Dakota. Presented in ordinary language, this book constitutes the essential details to make sense of the regional archaeological record. Michael Michlovic is Emeritus Professor of Anthropology, Minne- sota State University Moorhead. He is a former editor of the Minne- sota Archaeologist and past president of the Council of Minnesota Archaeology. George R. Holley is currently Emeritus Professor, Minnesota State University Moorhead. He is presently working on a Handbook for Minnesota Precontact Ceramics.
Choosing Prison over Parole: Factors Associated with Prisoners’ Decision to Waive Their Conditional Release Hearing
Authors: Lord Stéphanie , Leclerc Chloé , Vacheret Marion , Quirouette Marianne , Velloso João
Published: February 2022

Parole review waivers have serious implications on correctional systems, prisoners’ rehabilitation, and public safety. However, studies on this topic are scarce, have limited scopes and methodologies, and lack in-depth analysis about women and Indigenous people. The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of prisoners who forgo parole review. Quebec’s correctional services provided us with the correctional records of all parole-eligible prisoners in the province in 2014–15 (N = 3,675). A sample of men, women, Indigenous people, and non-Indigenous people assessed with the LS/CMI (n = 2,595) was selected. Hierarchical logistic regressions showed that recidivism risk and parole officers’ recommendations for release have a strong statistical relationship with waivers. In addition, Indigenous people are more likely to waive a parole hearing. Moderation analyses also showed that sex and Indigenous ethnicity each moderate the effect of one factor. Results suggest that the combination of statistically significant factors, as represented by recidivism risk, explains waivers better than the specific effects of these factors viewed separately.
Ooforosalpingectomía durante la histerectomía en pacientes con patología uterina benigna
Authors: Reyna-Villasmil Eduardo
Published: February 2022

La histerectomía es la intervención quirúrgica más común en la práctica ginecológíca. Durante la intervención, los cirujanos enfrentan la decisión de conservar o no las trompas de Falopio y los ovarios. En muchos casos se realiza la ooforosalpingectomía en forma simultánea a la histerectomía con el propósito de prevenir la aparición de neoplasias malignas, en especial el carcinoma ovárico seroso de alto grado. Esta decisión es importante ante los beneficios y los riesgos asociados a la resección de los ovarios que pueden conservar alguna actividad hormonal luego de la menopausia natural. El riesgo del desarrollo de neoplasias malignas es bajo en la población general, mientras que los efectos potenciales del cese de la función ovárica incluyen aumento de complicaciones cardiovasculares, psicológicas y óseas. Las pacientes con mutaciones BRCA1 y BRCA2 pueden beneficiarse de la ooforosalpingectomía. No obstante, la seguridad de este enfoque está todavía en evaluación y no se recomienda fuera del protocolo actual. El objetivo de esta revisión fue evaluar las controversias sobre la ooforosalpingectomía durante la histerectomía en pacientes con patología uterina benigna.
Deficiencia de vitamina D y patologías ginecológicas de la mujer en edad reproductiva
Authors: Mejia-Montilla Jorly , Reyna-Villasmil Nadia , Reyna-Villasmil Eduardo
Published: February 2022

La vitamina D está actualmente en el ámbito de la investigación en muchos campos de la medicina. Es conocido que tiene funciones fundamentales en el metabolismo del calcio y modelado óseo. La deficiencia de vitamina definida como la concentración de 25-hidroxicalciferol < 20 ng/mL es observada con frecuencia en pacientes con patologías ginecológicas. En las últimas dos décadas existe evidencia sobre la asociación de concentraciones séricas bajas de vitamina D con trastornos como diabetes mellitus y síndrome metabólico. Cada vez hay más informes que plantean el impacto del metabolismo de esta vitamina en el desarrollo de trastornos del sistema reproductor femenino. El receptor de vitamina D y la 1α-hidroxilasa están presentes en los órganos reproductivos, lo que sugiere que la vitamina D puede tener algún efecto en la modulación de las funciones celulares. Los efectos perjudiciales de la deficiencia han sido mostrados en pacientes con diagnóstico de síndrome de ovarios poliquísticos, endometriosis y leiomiomatosis. La suplementación de vitamina D debería agregarse a los esquemas de tratamiento de la mayoría de las patologías ginecológicas en pacientes con deficiencia, tanto por la mejora de la insulinorresistencia (como en las pacientes con síndrome de ovarios poliquísticos) como por los resultados del tratamiento de la infertilidad. El objetivo de esta revisión fue establecer los efectos de la deficiencia de vitamina D en patologías de la mujer en edad reproductiva.
Leiomioma disecante cotiledóneo del útero
Authors: Torres-Cepeda Duly , Rondon-Tapia Martha , Reyna-Villasmil Eduardo
Published: February 2022

Los tumores benignos de músculo liso son los tumores más frecuentes en el aparato genital femenino. El leiomioma disecante cotiledóneo del útero es una variante rara de leiomioma benigno que presenta patrones de crecimiento inusuales y comparte algunas características con otras variantes de leiomioma disecante. Tiene un patrón de crecimiento inusual caracterizado por disección intramural dentro del miometrio y con apariencia similar de sus componentes extrauterinos a los cotiledones placentarios. Su aspecto sarcomatoide y carácter inusual dan la impresión de malignidad. El diagnóstico se realiza por los hallazgos histopatológicos característicos de la lesión. Se presenta un caso de leiomioma disecante cotiledóneo del útero.
Avances con la vacunación anti COVID-19
Authors: Ciudad Reynaud Antonio
Published: February 2022

Editorial
التحول الرقمي ومستقبل العلوم الاجتماعية والإنسانية
Authors: مراد غسان
Published: February 2022

أثّرت الثورة الرقمية تدريجيًا في كل ميادين الحياة، ولامست معظم أبعاد العلوم الإنسانية والاجتماعية، وغيّرت، أو بالأحرى وسّعت، آفاق الرؤى الإبستيمولوجية المتعلقة بهذه العلوم. في هذه الدراسة، لا نعني بأتمتة العلوم الإنسانية والاجتماعية اختزال الرقمية إلى مجرد أدوات، بل تحديد أهميتها من خلال قدرتها على نمذجة الأنظمة المعقدة، وإقامة الروابط بين التكنولوجيا والعلوم الإنسانية بكل فروعها. لذلك، من المفترض إعادة النظر في المسارات الأكاديمية والمعرفية للعلوم الإنسانية، من خلال إدخال المعلوماتية والتقنيات في المناهج التعلّمية لطلاب العلوم الإنسانية والاجتماعية، من أجل مواكبة التغيرات، وكي تتأقلم هذه العلوم مع التغيير الرقمي، وتنتقل إلى ما نسميه "الإنسانيات الرقمية".
"الكوفي-سياسي" وأثره في رسم معالم مستقبل العالم والمنطقة العربية: قراءة في واقع سياسات البحث العلمي الدولية والعربية في مجال اللقاحات ومستقبلاتها
Authors: أبو الرب أسامة
Published: February 2022

تسلط هذه الدراسة الضوء على أهمية إدراك صناع القرار في الدول العربية لطبيعة الأزمة الحالية المتعلقة بجائحة فيروس كورونا المستجد (كوفيد-19)، وتطوراتها المتوقعة المستقبلية، ومن ثمّ، ضرورة الاستثمار في البحث العلمي في الدواء وصناعته عمومًا، واللقاحات خصوصًا. وتُحاج بأنه على الرغم من قتامة المشهد الحالي، فإنّ ثمة فرصةً سانحةً للبلدان العربية لبناء "النفوذ الكوفي-سياسي" عبر اللقاحات. وبناء عليه، تناقش الخيارات المتاحة والفروق بينها، والأهمية القصوى لتعزيز البحث العلمي الطبي العربي المتعلق بلقاحات فيروس كورونا وعلاجه، وتوجيهه في مجالات الذكاء الاصطناعي، والتعلّم الآلي، وتكنولوجيا النانو، وعلم الجينوم. وتناقش أيضًا الأبعاد المستقبلية المتعلقة بإنجاز منظومةِ مراقبةٍ وتحكمٍ للتنبؤ بالجوائح المقبلة.
24-Hour Electrocardiographic (ECG) Holter Recording during Hypertensive Cardiopathy in Health Facilities in Lome
Authors: Machihude PIO , Machihude PIO , Pessinaba S , Sama HD , Afassinou YM , D Almeida KYR , Atta B , Tcherou T , Kaziga WD , Bakai AM
Published: February 2022

Objective: To evaluate the 24-hour Holter ECG recording in hypertensive heart disease.
Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study on files of patients with hypertensive heart disease, carried out from October 2016 to October 2019, in two health facilities in Lome (TOGO). Electrical left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was defined by the Sokolow-Lyon and Cornell indices. On echocardiography, the HVG according to the criteria of the American Society of Echocardiography, was the characteristic retained for a CH. Holter-ECG recordings were carried out over 24 hours by two Holter devices.
Results: 107 patients were included, with a sex ratio of 1.89 (M / F). The mean age was 62.2 ± 12 years. The mean duration of the evolution of hypertension was 10.8 ± 9.1 years. On standard ECG, arrhythmias were more frequent (32.6%) with ACFA in 5.6% of cases. The prevalence of echocardiographic HVG was 74.8%, predominantly concentric, and was significantly found in hypertensive patients over 10 years of age. During the 24-hour Holter ECG recording, ACFA was the common arrhythmia (30%), episodic in 90.6% of cases and permanent 9.4% and was statistically associated with OG size, sex and age. The Holter ECG detected sustained ventricular tachycardia in 7 patients (6.5%). The Recording was normal 12.1% of the time.
Conclusion: Hypertensive heart disease is the first of the cardiac complications of hypertension. The Holter ECG is a tool for the detection of fatal severe paroxysmal events that go unnoticed on the surface ECG such as AC/AF, sustained ventricular tachycardias.
The Covid Pandemic Testing the Resilience of the United States, China and Indonesia Capital Markets
Authors: Priyono Achmad Agus , Saraswati Ety
Published: February 2022

There are two main factors that influence the rise and fall of the index, namely internal factors and external factors. The external factor currently experiencing volatility in the stock market is the coronavirus outbreak. Where the presence of the Coronavirus on this earth has caused panic in various parts of the world. The epidemic attacks various levels of society, especially for those who have congenital diseases. This study aims to analyze the resilience of the capital markets in the United States, China and Indonesia in the 60 days before and after the positive confirmation of COVID-19 in each country. The variable of capital market resilience in the United States is used as a proxy for the DJI index, while the resilience of the capital market in China is used as a proxy for the SSEC index, while the resilience of the capital market in Indonesia is used as a proxy for the IDX index. The paper tries to determine whether there are differences in the resilience of the capital market before and before the covid outbreak in the American, Chinese and Indonesian capital markets. The results of the study prove that the Covid outbreak has had a very bad impact on the stock markets of Indonesia and the United States. The tool on the test used to prove that there is a difference in resilience in the capital markets in Indonesia and the United States in the 60 days before and after being confirmed positive for Covid. Meanwhile, in the capital market in China, it was found that there was no difference in the resilience of the capital market in the 60 days before and before being confirmed positive for Covid. This condition proves the country's success in handling and controlling the covid outbreak.
Analysis of Sharia Economic Law on Video Reupload Practices by Facebook Fanpages User
Authors: Muhajir Muhajir , Haq Zaenul
Published: February 2022

Facebook Fanspage is a feature on Facebook widely used by brands to build their community in cyberspace. Facebook currently has provided a Facebook Fanspage feature where users can upload any type of video, not even a few of the users who get rewards or fees from uploading videos on the Facebook Fanspage page. However, it does not mean that it is without problems, one of the problems that still occurs on Facebook Fanspage is that many cases of copyright infringement on the site, such as the practice of re-uploading for example. The study examines how the validity of income obtained from reuploading activities is viewed from the perspective of ibtikar right in sharia economic law. The research is a type of field research. The results of the research are that it is illegal to reupload videos carried out solely for personal gain without giving royalties to the producer/ related label. In other words, the act is the same as a merchant selling goods belonging to someone else without the permission of the owner. Copyright in Islam is known as the ibtikar right which is a copyright attached to the owner of the original video and part of intellectual property, both material and immaterial. Thus, it must be legally protected. Islam highly respects copyright as a personal property right so that the right of ibtikar is included in the Maqashid Sharia to maintain the existence of property ownership of every Muslim. Every property that results from the act of reuploading videos in Islam is unlawful, because it is included in violating the rights of others.

Keywords: Ibtikar right, Facebook, Facebook Fanspage, Reward
An Early Hearing Detection and Intervention Program in Songklanagarind Hospital
Authors: Khaimook Wandee , Suwanno Roj , Dindamrongkul Ramida , Intusoma Utcharee
Published: February 2022

Objective: To compare the results of the universal newborn hearing screening program in Songklanagarind Hospital with the Joint Committee of Infant Hearing (JCIH) recommendations in regards to early hearing detection and intervention.Material and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the Early Hearing Detection and Intervention (EHDI) program results between January 2017 and June 2017. Furthermore, we calculated and compared the percentages of hearing screening, diagnostic evaluation, and rehabilitation at 1, 3, and 6 months of age.Results: A total of 1,579 (93.1%) newborns were screened for otoacoustic emissions (OAEs). One hundred and eight (6.8%) newborns showed abnormal OAE in the first phase, and 11 (0.7%) newborns failed the OAE retest before discharge and within 1 month of age. Ten newborns (90.9%) had a hearing loss diagnosis confirmed due to a complete audiologic evaluation before 3 months of age, and 100.0% of newborns with abnormal hearing were enrolled for intervention within 6 months of age. Among the 4 newborns with abnormal hearing, 3 of them had conductive hearing loss, and one had profound sensorineural hearing loss, receiving an intervention via cochlear implant. Following intervention, all newborns with hearing loss had improved their hearing ability, speech and language development.Conclusion: The universal newborn hearing-screening program is the first step in identifying a child with hearing problems, which leads into early intervention. The key to achieve best outcomes for the newborns is to ensure family support and the involvement of an interdisciplinary team.
Terapötik Bir Araç Olarak Fotoğraf ve Fototerapi Teknikleri
Authors: ARSLAN Özge
Published: February 2022

Fotoğraf, anı zamanda dondurarak kayıt altına alabilmesiyle gerçekliğin güvenilir bir temsili kabul edilmektedir. Bu bağlamda fotoğraf; belgesel, haber, reklam gibi pek çok farklı alanda kullanılmaktadır. Bu yaygın kullanım alanlarının yanı sıra fotoğraftan terapötik bir araç olarak da faydalanılmaktadır. Fotoğrafın terapötik bir araç olarak kullanımının, psikolojik iyi oluşa katkı sağlama, öz-farkındalık kazandırma, öz-bilgiyi artırma, içgörü geliştirme vb. işlevleri vardır. En az diğer kullanım alanları kadar önemli olan fotoğrafın terapötik bir araç olarak kullanımı, bu çalışmanın odağına alınmıştır. Fotoğrafın terapötik bir araç olarak kullanım alanlarından birini fototerapi uygulamaları oluşturmaktadır. Fototerapi; fotoğrafın, ruh sağlığı uzmanları tarafından danışanlara yardım etmek amacıyla terapötik bir araç olarak kullanılmasıdır. Fotoğrafın terapötik bir araç olarak kullanımına ve fototerapi uygulamalarına ilişkin zengin bir uluslararası literatür olmasına karşın fototerapötik uygulamalar, ülkemizde yeterince yaygın değildir. Uluslararası düzeyde geniş bir eğitim ve uygulama ağına sahip olan fototerapi uygulamalarının ülkemiz açısından da önemli bir potansiyele sahip olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, fotoğrafın terapötik bir araç olarak kullanımını ve fototerapi tekniklerini; kuramsal görüşler, araştırmalar ve vaka çalışmaları çerçevesinde açıklayarak fototerapötik uygulamaların gelişimine katkı sağlamaktır.