bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Professional Positioning of General Practitioners in the Management of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis in Community Medicine
Authors: Spielmann Lionel , Heimendinger Fleur , Duret Pierre-Marie , Messer Laurent , Javier Rose-Marie
Published: August 2024

INTRODUCTION: While postmenopausal osteoporosis management evolved in recent years, it nonetheless remains underdiagnosed and undertreated.
Given that general practitioners are the keystone of patient screening and referral in France, the present study was conducted to assess their professional positioning in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

METHODS: The present is a qualitative study based on semi-directed interviews, carried out between July 2020 and February 2021, with randomly chosen Alsatian general practitioners. Interviews were conducted until data saturation. Consolidated criteria for qualitative research reporting grid was used as well as Nvivo software to categorize the datas.
RESULTS: Twenty-three general practitioners (GPs) were interviewed. Study participants recognized that the investigation and treatment of osteoporosis begins at a primary care level, typically with the GP. While some initiated screening by prescribing bone mineral density (BMD) assessments, only few prescribed the associated laboratory assessment and spinal X-rays in search of curable osteopathy or vertebral fracture. For those GPs who do take the opportunity to initiate treatments for patients, there is an understanding that first line options often include calcium and vitamin D, at a “preventive” level. The interviewed physicians interacted mainly with gynecologists and rheumatologists. Fracture liaison services were widely acclaimed. Several barriers were identified in their care management. The absence of a defined role between specialists and the lack of communication between the latter were an additional highlighted barrier.

CONCLUSION: This study sheds further light on the discrepancy between the means available to treat osteoporosis, and the modest impact of the care observed.
Effect of Proton Irradiation in Thin-Film YBa2Cu3O7-δ Superconductor
Authors: Fogt Joseph , Weeda Hope , Harrison Trevor , Miles Nolan , Cho Kyuil
Published: August 2024

We investigated the effect of 0.6 MeV proton irradiation on the superconducting and normal state properties of thin-film YBa2Cu3O7−δ superconductors. A thin-film YBCO superconductor (≈ 567 nm thick) was subject to a series of proton irradiations with a total fluence of 7.6×1016p/cm2. Upon irradiation, Tc was drastically decreased from 89.3 K towards zero with a corresponding increase in its normal state resistivity above Tc. This increase in resistivity which indicates the increase of defects inside the thin-film sample can be converted to the dimensionless scattering rate. We found that the relation between Tc and dimensionless scattering rate obtained during proton irradiation approximates the generalized d-wave Abrikosov-Gor’kov theory better than the previous results obtained from electron irradiations. This is an unexpected result since the electron irradiation is known to be most effective to suppress superconductivity over other heavier ion irradiations such as proton irradiation. It suggests that the type of defects created by proton irradiation evolves from cascade defects (in bulk single crystals) to point-like defects (in thin-film single crystals) as the thickness decreases.
Design and Optimization of CO2 Recovery Process of Fire-Flooding Exhaust Based on Membrane Separation Method
Authors: Mingliang CHANG , Jie PAN
Published: August 2024

In order to achieve the dual carbon goal and simplify the decarbonization process, a CO2 recovery process of the fire-flooding exhaust was designed. The process adopted the two-stage membrane separation method to recover CO2 and obtain high purity CO2 rich flow, and then through the mixed refrigerant liquefaction and rectification column, food grade liquid CO2 was obtained. HYSYS process simulation shows that for the fire-flooding exhaust with a flow rate of 1000 kg/h and a given composition, the process can achieve a CO2 recovery of 69.02%, total product sales S=2086.8 yuan/h, and specific power consumption of 2.818 kW∙h/kg. On this basis, a hybrid simulation platform of HYSYS & Matlab was established. Taking the specific power consumption of the product as the objective function, sequential quadratic programming (SQP) algorithm was adopted to optimize the process, and the optimized specific power consumption was reduced by 18.8%. Finally, by adjusting N2/CO2 components, the adaptability of the optimization condition was analyzed.
Evaluation of Topical Administration of Low Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid (LMWHA) Solution and High Concentration Oxygen (HCO) versus Hyaluronic Acid (HA) Alone in the Improvement of Urinary Incontinence: A Double Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Manna Paolo , Pecorino Basilio , Fabiola Perrone , Marika Di Blasi , Scollo Paolo , Scibilia Giuseppe , Zullo Fulvio
Published: August 2024

Objectives: To rate the effects of low molecular weight hyaluronic acid (LMWHA) solution and high concentration oxygen (HCO) through a specific medical device (Caress Flow©), compared to topical administration of hyaluronic acid (HA) alone on symptoms of mild and moderate stress and mixed urinary incontinence in women with genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM).
Methods: A total of 68 postmenopausal women were enrolled (from October 2021 to September 2023). Patients were separated in two groups: one group used therapy with LMWHA solution and HCO combined and the second group used therapy with HA alone. Patient Global Impres-sion of Improvement (PGI-I) as the first outcome was used. As secondary outcomes International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - short form (ICIQ-SF) questionnaire and Internation-al Quality of Life (IQoL) questionnaire were used.
Results: Sixty-eight (68) women, 35 (51%) and 33 (49%), were treated with LMWHA solution and HCO combined and HA alone for 10 weeks, respectively. 28 (80%) versus 7 (20%) women reported an improvement (PGI-I score ≤3) of the symptoms in LMWHA solution and HCO com-bined group versus HA alone group. According to the ICIQ-SF, a statistically significant differ-ence was recorded after treatment between the two groups (median, 7 [5-11] vs 10 [8-11]; P = 0.03). According to the IQoL questionnaire, a statistically significantly lower median score was recorded in the LMWHA solution and HCO combined compared with the HA group, before (71 [IQR 55-81] vs 89 [IQR 67-94]; P < 0.01) and after (78 [IQR 65-86] vs 88 [IQR 72-99]; P = 0.04) treatment.
Conclusions: LMWHA solution and HCO combined might improve the mild and moderate stress and mixed urinary incontinence in this set of women and that it is superior to HA therapy alone. However, these results need to be confirmed in further studies with a controlled design and a larger population.
Comparison of Measurements for Recording Postural Control in Standing and Seated Position in Healthy Individuals
Authors: Floessel Philipp , Hammerschmidt Franziska , Koltermann Jan Jens , Foerster Justin , Beck Heidrun , Disch Alexander Carl , Datzmann Thomas
Published: August 2024

A standard method assessing postural control is the measurement in standing position. However, the implementation is usually only possible to a limited extent. Recording of postural control directly on the trunk, in seated position, could provide an alternative diagnostic method for quantifying neuromuscular control. Comparison of the measurements of Center of Pressure (CoP) in standing and seated position was performed on 66 healthy adult subjects. Reliability of measurements in seated position was tested on 23 subjects. In addition, the extension force of all test subjects was recorded. The assessments of CoP fluctuations in standing and seated position showed adequate agreement (deviation 9.1%). Furthermore, good internal consistencies with a sufficient test re test reliability could be demonstrated for the measurements in seated position. Both CoP measurement methods showed a comparable Spearman correlation to obtained extension force measurements (standing: 0.24, seated: 0.23). Our results show that recording CoP flucutations in the seated position is a reliable and valid additional method to measurements in the single legged stance. It could serve as an additional alternative to quantify neuromuscular control in impaired patients in whom single-leg stance cannot be performed adequately. In addition, the measurement in sitting position enables the direct recording of neuromuscular control on the trunk.
PERANCANGAN ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN FEDERAL ARCHITECTURE FRAMEWORK(FEAF) PADA STANDAR PENILAIAN PENDIDIKAN DI SMK KARYA GUNA
Authors: Andhini Dwi Putri  , Bambang Prasetya Adhi  , Hamidillah Ajie
Published: August 2024

Tujuan dari perancangan enterprise architecture (EA) adalah untuk mewujudkan suatu keselarasan antara strategi bisnis dan strategi teknologi informasi bagi kebutuhan organisasi. Untuk melakukan perancangan EA diperlukan metode yang terstruktur serta mudah digunakan, FEAF (Federal Enterprise Architecture Framework) adalah metodologi terstruktur yang menghasilkan cetak biru (blue print) yang  dapat  dijadikan sebagai acuan buku pedoman organisasi sekolah untuk mencapai tujuan strategisnya. SMK Karya Guna merupakan instansi pendidikan sekolah menengah kejuruan swasta, bernaung dibawah yayasan pendidikan. SMK Karya Guna berupaya untuk membina dan meningkatkan mutu pendidikan yang diselenggarakan sesuai dengan visi dan misi SMK Karya Guna yaitu menciptakan sumber daya manusia yang sesuai dengan tuntutan pasar kerja. Standar Nasional  Pendidikan  (SNP)  merupakan  kriteria  minimal tentang berbagai aspek yang relevan dalam pelaksanaan sistem pendidikan nasional dan harus dipenuhi oleh penyelenggara dalam satuan pendidikan di seluruh wilayah hukum Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia. Standar Isi pada SMK merupakan salah satu syarat dari SNP yang harus dicapai dalam peningkatan mutu pendidikan, Untuk mencapai pemenuhan Standar Isi SNP tersebut, maka dibuat perancangan EA menggunakan metode FEAF yang terdiri atas empat tahapan level. Pada tahapan awal atau level pertama dilakukan analisis kondisi sekolah secara global dengan bantuan teknik PEST dan SWOT. Level kedua merupakan pengidentifikasian proses bisnis. Proses bisnis tersebut dikelompokkan menjadi bisnis utama dan pendukung. menggunakan bantuan analisis value chain. Level ketiga memuat pemodelan arsitektur informasi berupa gambaran umum database yang akan digunakan untuk menampung sistem informasi..Dan pada tahapan level keempat merupakan pembuatan model arsitektur enterprise berdasarkan matriks FEAF. Hasil dari penelitian ini berupa blueprint sebagai buku pedoman organisasi sekolah dalam mencapai pemenuhan standar isi di sekolah.
Effect of Nanoparticles on Morpho-histology of Eri silkworm, Samia cynthia ricini (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Saturnidae)
Authors: Kalita Hia , Pathak Mahesh , K. Sudharshan , Sahoo Bimal Kumar , Sikha Haritha , Dutta Pranab , Ningthoujam Kennedy , Patidar Raghubir K.
Published: August 2024

Sericulture is the rearing of silkworms for the production of raw silk. Over the past 50 years, the use of synthetic pesticides for crop protection has rapidly expanded around the world. The need for innovative low-risk control methods and new chemical classes of pesticides, like nano-pesticides has increased as a result of the increasing concern for the environment and health. The rapid development of nano-materials in various fields of science results in the need of understanding their toxicity on non-target organisms. In the present study, Chitosan, Silver and Zinc oxide nanoparticles at seven different concentrations were used on Eri silkworm (Samia cynthia ricini, Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae). In the larval and pupal stages of the length, girth and cocoon weight decreased with increased concentrations and corrected larval mortality increased with increased concentrations of the nanoparticles. At 500 ppm deformities like absence of silken cocoon in the pupae, pupal death and deformed wings in the adults were observed. The midgut tissues of the dead larvae treated at 500 ppm nanoparticles observed under Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) exhibited alterations in the epithelial layer, basement membrane and muscle layer. In all the three nanoparticles absence of microvilli, empty cell contents and disruption of mitochondria was observed.
Domesticating the Wild: the Influence of Aquaculture Escapes on Two Iconic Mediterranean Species
Authors: Toledo-Guedes Kilian , Atalah Javier , Izquierdo-Gomez David , Fernandez-Jover Damián , Uglem Ingebrigt , Sanchez-Jerez Pablo , Arechavala-Lopez Pablo , Dempster Tim
Published: August 2024

Extractive fisheries and marine aquaculture share space and target species. Several regional-scale examples exist of escapees entering wild fisheries landings, yet no study has assessed the influence of aquaculture on landings at an ecosystem scale. We examined the effects of farmed fish escapes on fisheries using FAO data and published escape rates for Gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) and European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Seabream landings were significantly correlated with the estimated biomass of escaped seabream entering the wild. There was a similar pattern for seabass until 2005, but the overall relationship between landings and escapes was not significant due to the dramatic drop in catches in recent years. We argue that seabass escapees’ relatively high mortality, lower capturability, and minor ‘leaking’ from farms may obscure their influence on landings. Significant positive fisheries regime shifts were detected for both species, matching the onset of aquaculture in the Mediterranean and the period when escapees from aquaculture surpassed landings. Our results suggest that fish escapes of these two iconic species may mask wild stock overexploitation, confound stock assessments, alter genetic diversity, increase the risk of spreading pathogens and parasites, and compete with wild conspecifics.
Vision Transformer-based Interpretable Metabolic Syndrome Classification Using Retinal Images
Authors: Sohn Kyung-Ah , Lee Tae Kwan , Kim So Yeon , Choi Hyuk Jin , Choe Eun Kyung
Published: August 2024

Metabolic syndrome is leading to an increased risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Our study developed a model using retinal image data from fundus photographs taken during comprehensive health check-ups to classify metabolic syndrome. The model achieved an AUC of 0.77523 (95% CI: 0.77188 - 0.77858) using retinal images, and an AUC of 0.87249 (95% CI: 0.86686 - 0.87812) when combining retinal images with basic clinical features. Furthermore, we propose a method to improve the interpretability of the relationship between retinal image features and metabolic syndrome by visualizing metabolic syndrome-related areas in retinal images. The results highlight the potential of retinal images in classifying metabolic syndrome.
Leclercia barmae sp. nov., a urease-positive, 3-nitropropionic acid and glycerol consuming bacterium, isolated from the worm castings of manure worm, Eisenia fetida
Authors: Barman Partha , Sinha Shilpa , Chakraborty Ranadhir
Published: August 2024

A comprehensive polyphasic characterization validated the unique taxonomic position of a novel bacterium, strain EMC7T, isolated from the worm castings of earthworm, Eisenia fetida. This Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, motile rod-shaped bacterium showed maximum sequence homology with Leclercia adecarboxylata NBRC 12595T, placing it within the genus Leclercia. The genome of EMC7T is 5.03 Mbp with a G + C content of 56.3 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses established its distinctiveness from Leclercia adecarboxylata and Leclercia tamurae. DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) value was 23.6%, and the average nucleotide identity (ANI) was 82.1%, both below the thresholds for prokaryotic species differentiation. The predominant fatty acids were C16:0 (29.53%), summed feature 3 (C16:1ω7c/C16:1ω6c, 16.51%), and C18:1ω7c (10.90%). Notably, EMC7T exhibited urease activity and could metabolize 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA), glycerol, tellurite, selenate, and selenite, suggesting potential bioremediation applications. Biochemical tests, phenotypic traits, genotypic data, and physiological properties cumulatively differentiated EMC7T from its closest relatives. Based on chemotaxonomic, phenotypic, genomic, and phylogenetic evidence, strain EMC7T represents a novel bacterial species of the genus Leclercia, for which the name Leclercia barmai sp. nov. (type strain EMC7T = MCC 5183T = JCM 36544T) is proposed.
The impact of selenium fertilizer application on the yield, quality, and selenium accumulation characteristics of various sweet potato varieties
Authors: ZHANG Yixuan , Li Huifeng , Li Yanqing , Huang Yongmei , Hua Jingfeng , Yin Jie , Xiao Dong , Chen Tianyuan
Published: August 2024

The study focuses on the Gui 10 sweet potato variety, with different concentrations of selenium fertilizer applied (0, 4, 8, 12, and 14 mg/kg). The effects of selenium fertilizer on the agronomic traits, nutritional quality, yield, and selenium absorption of sweet potatoes are investigated to determine the optimal selenium supply level for the Gui 10 sweet potato variety, while also providing insights for the development of sweet potatoes. The results indicate that exogenous selenium supplementation increases the number of branches per plant, the longest vine length, and the number of tubers per plant, promoting the absorption of nutrients by sweet potatoes, thereby enhancing yield (by 26%). The contents of soluble sugar and starch show an increase, while the contents of reducing sugar and protein demonstrate a decrease. Additionally, selenium application significantly enhances selenium content in various parts of sweet potatoes, with the order of tuber > stem > leaf > root observed across different selenium application concentrations, indicating that tubers are the most susceptible to selenium accumulation. These findings suggest that the amount of selenium fertilizer has a specific impact on selenium accumulation in sweet potatoes. In conclusion, the optimal selenium application concentration for improving soil fertility, promoting sweet potato growth, enhancing quality, and increasing yield is 16 mg/kg− 1.
The Impact of Climate Change on Road Traffic Crashes in Ghana
Authors: Akorli Ruth , Antwi-Agyei Philip , Davies Patrick , Damsere-Derry James , Baffour-Ata Frank , Nakua Emmanuel , Donkor Peter , Mock Charles
Published: August 2024

Despite the substantial injuries and fatalities from Road Traffic Crashes (RTCs), evidence of climate change's impact on RTCs in Ghana is lacking. This study assessed the impact of climate change on RTCs in Ghana by combining quantitative (Mann-Kendall trend tests, Continuous Wavelet Transform analysis, causal inference analysis) and qualitative (15 key stakeholder interviews) methods. The quantitative analysis employed monthly rainfall and temperature data (1991–2021) alongside RTC data (1998–2021) across 10 regions. While rainfall trends varied regionally, the wet season (April through mid-October) showed a strong link to crash severity for all regions across Ghana. Wavelet analysis showed higher crash severity in the wet season within every 2–8 months period in a particular annual year during the study period. Causal inference analysis revealed rainfall's stronger influence (3.59%) on fatal crashes during the wet season compared to temperature (0.04%). Key stakeholder interviews highlighted perceived changes in temperature and intense rainfall patterns affecting RTCs, especially during rainy seasons suggesting an association between increased rainfall and crash severity. These findings emphasize the multifaceted role of climate change on road safety and the need to address weather-specific risks.
Performance of commercial okra genotypes at salinity levels
Authors: Silva Maria Amélia de Oliveira , Souza Kátia Barbosa , Costa Ester da Silva , Souza Luís Fernando dos Santos , Silva Michelangelo de Oliveira , Varjão Luís Felipe Barbosa , Costa Kleyton Danilo da Silva
Published: August 2024

Okra is a vegetable grown in Brazil. In arid and semiarid regions of the country, to guarantee production, farmers use irrigation, which often comes from low-quality water sources and high salinity levels, which can lead to a reduction in crop yields if the genotypes used are not tolerant to salinity stress. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of commercial okra genotypes subjected to different salinity levels. To this end, an experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Federal Institute of Alagoas - Piranhas Campus using a randomized block design in a factorial scheme (12 × 5), with 60 treatments and three replications, totaling 180 experimental plots. Twelve okra genotypes were evaluated: Apuim, Santa Cruz 47, Valença, IAC Midori, Clemson Americano 80, Speedy, Quiabel, Carcará, Estrela, Cariri, Guará and Canindé. The genotypes were subjected to five levels of salinity, corresponding to 0.0 dS m− 1 (control), 2.5 dS m− 1, 5.0 dS m− 1, 7.5 dS m− 1 and 10.0 dS m− 1. All the genotypes showed a reduction in the values of the characteristics studied as the salt level increased, with the exception of the root length variable. It was possible to conclude that the Carcará, Cariri and IAC Midori genotypes obtained the best performances for most of the variables studied, regardless of the salinity levels, and that the genotypes showed no tolerance from the 2.5 dS m− 1 level onward.
Using a Novel Small-scale Model to Investigate Mechanical Behaviours of Full-scale Shield Tunnels
Authors: Zhang Tianqi , Yuan Tengfei , Sun Jibin , Zheng Gang , Li Zhenkun , Chen Shubin
Published: August 2024

A novel small-scale model was proposed to investigate the mechanical behaviour of the full-scale shield tunnels. Because it used a fine-aggregate grout material, the dimensions of the model can be significantly scaled down, therefore, showed cost advantages. Although small, the most structural features of a practical shield tunnel, such as bolts and steel reinforcements, were retained in the model. Utilizing self-designed casting moulds, the model tunnel can be manufactured with high accuracy. Benchmark loading tests were conducted to test the performance of proposed model. Basically, both the deformation and the failure of the model tunnel showed good agreements with those in the full-scale experiment. Complex loading tests were then carried out to investigate the response of a shield tunnel under the effect of both unilateral unloading and soil arching. The results showed that horizontal unloading can be much more adverse and deserved special attention when compared with vertical unloading for a shield tunnel as it usually first exhibits a horizontal ovalling deformation after construction due to overburden pressure.
Epidemiological profile of women with inferlity in Mbujimayi, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC): a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mpoyi Constantin Mukeba , Mbuyamba Hervé Tshikomba , Musasa Mechack Musasa , Kadima Célestin Lufuluabo , Kadima Clément Mutombo
Published: August 2024

Background
The WHO ranks infertility in the young population as the fifth highest serious global disability. Infertility is worldwide problem affecting people of all communities, though the cause and magnitude may vary with geographical location and socioeconomic status.
The objective of this study is to determine epidemiological profile of women with infertility attended at CliniquesUniversitaires de Mbujimayi (CUM).
Methods
This was a retrospective cross- sectional study carried out over a period of 9 months, from April 1, 2023 to December 31, 2023 at obstetrics and gynaecology of CUM including 83 patients who diagnosed with infertility.
Results
The frequency of female infertility is 23.6% in Mbujimayi, DRC. Uterine myomas followed by Sexual Transmitted Disease (STI) were the most causes of female infertility with 26.5% and 36.1% respectively. Secondary infertility (women who have conceived in their past history) was noted with 69.9%.
Conclusion
Study outlines that female infertility is a public health problem worldwide and particularly in low-income countries where STI is the main cause, with high prevalence among young adults. The high frequency of myomas in the sexually active group age and the delay of diagnosis are pointed to be associated with infertility. Anyway we recommend to CUM and Authorities to facilitate the diagnosis tools of infertility as well as possible to make it free.
Two Decades of Change in Chinese Oldest Old’s Fruit and Vegetable Consumption Behaviors and Health Disparities, 1998-2018
Authors: Zhang Li
Published: August 2024

Prior literature has repeatedly documented the influence of dietary behaviors on older adults’ health. Nonetheless, there is hardly comprehensive temporal model for understanding the time and cohort variations on oldest old’s health due to fruits and vegetable (FV) consumption. This study aimed to fill the voids of prior literature by studying Chinese oldest old through analyzing data from eight (1998, 2000, 2002, 2005, 2008, 2011-12, 2014 and 2018) waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Health was measured by self-rated health (SRH), cognitive function and subjective wellbeing. The results showed a higher percentage of Chinese oldest old who frequently consumed vegetables than fresh fruits. Frequent FV consumers showed better predicted SRH, cognitive function and subjective wellbeing. Regarding period effects, except for years 2008 to 2011, a general increasing trend was found in fresh fruit consumption, but percentages of oldest old who frequently consumed vegetables stayed stable. Oldest old’s cognitive function and subjective wellbeing showed rising trends over time. Period effects were also found in times of economic recessions and natural disasters by showing a significant drop in oldest old’s positive feeling scores. The study emphasized strong period effects and underscored FV consumption in preventing oldest old’s cognitive function decline and promoting their subjective wellbeing.
Training of artificial neural networks with reduced-order models for the prediction of thermal errors on machine tools
Authors: Naumann Christian , Kumar Tharun Suresh , Vettermann Julia , Geist Alexander , Saak Jens , Benner Peter , Ihlenfeldt Steffen
Published: August 2024

Thermal errors are among the most significant factors affecting the positioning accuracy of a machine tool. This paper demonstrates the advantages of combining reduced-order model (ROM) finite element method (FEM) simulations with data-driven error prediction algorithms, such as artificial neural networks (ANN) or characteristic diagrams. First, the thermal behavior of a five-axis milling machine (DMU 80 eVo) was modelled in ANSYS, after experimental determination of the relevant thermal boundary conditions. The FE model was then validated with measurements taken from the machine tool with movements of all five axes under different operating conditions, such as dry air-cutting, air-cutting with coolant and stand-by. The validated thermo-elastic FE model can then be used for training prediction algorithms (ANN, char. diagrams) for online thermal error compensation. The use of ROMs overcomes the long computation times of the high-dimensional simulation models by reducing them to equivalent low-dimensional models enabling much faster thermo-elastic simulations while preserving a specified result accuracy. An ANSYS ACT extension was utilized to export the FE model data in the form of an input-output system, which is required for the application of the model order reduction (MOR) techniques. This inclusion of MOR tremendously speeds up the process of generating training data for the prediction algorithms. ANN based prediction algorithms trained by the ROM simulation data are finally validated with simulated independent thermal test scenarios.
Adaptive laboratory evolution of Lipomyces starkeyi for high production of lignin derivative alcohols and lipids with comparative untargeted metabolomics-based analysis
Authors: Putra Filemon Jalu Nusantara , Kahar Prihardi , Kondo Akihiko , Ogino Chiaki
Published: August 2024

Background Adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) is an impactful technique for cultivating microorganisms to adapt to specific environmental circumstances or substrates through iterative growth and selection. This study utilized an adaptive laboratory evolution method on Lipomyces starkeyi for high tolerance in producing lignin derivative alcohols and lipids from syringaldehyde. Afterward, untargeted metabolomics analysis was employed to find the key metabolites that play important roles in the better performance of evolved strains compared to the wild type. Lignin, a prominent constituent of plant biomass, is a favorable source material for the manufacture of biofuel and lipids. Nevertheless, the effective transformation of chemicals produced from lignin into products with high economic worth continues to be a difficult task.
Results In this study, we exposed L. starkeyi to a series of flask passaging experiments while applying selective pressure to facilitate its adaptation to syringaldehyde, a specific type of lignin monomeric aldehyde. Using ALE, we successfully enhanced the synthesis of lignin-derivative alcohols and lipids in comparison to the original strain. In addition, a comprehensive examination of untargeted metabolomics identified six specific crucial metabolites linked to the improved conversion of lignin.
Conclusion The results of our study reveal the ways in which L. starkeyiadapts to using substrates produced from lignin. These findings offer important information for developing strategies to improve the process of converting lignin into useful products for sustainable biorefinery applications.
An Improve Crested Porcupine Algorithm for UAV Delivery Path Planning in Challenging Environments
Authors: Liu Shenglin , Lin Hanting , Jin Zikai , Lu Huimin
Published: August 2024

With the rapid advancement of drone technology, the need for effective path planning in complex environments has become increasingly critical. Traditional algorithms struggle with complex terrain, obstacles, and weather changes, often falling into local optima. This study introduces an Improved Crown Porcupine Optimizer (ICPO) for drone path planning. Inspired by porcupines' defense mechanisms, a visuo-auditory synergy perspective is adopted, improving early convergence by balancing visual and auditory defenses. The study also employs a good point set population initialization strategy to enhance diversity and eliminates the traditional population reduction mechanism. To avoid local optima in later stages, a novel periodic retreat strategy inspired by porcupines' precise defenses is introduced for better position updates. Analysis on the IEEE CEC2022 test set shows that ICPO achieves near-optimal values, demonstrating robustness and stability. In complex terrains, including mountainous, urban, and composite environments, ICPO outperformed other advanced algorithms, proving its effectiveness and reliability in drone delivery path planning.
Medicine communication from hospital to residential aged care facilities: a cross-sectional survey of aged care facility staff
Authors: Browning Sarah , Raleigh Rachael , Hattingh Laetitia
Published: August 2024

Background: Continuity of medicines management can be compromised when older people are transferred between hospital and residential aged care facilities.
Aim: This study explored medicine management practices at facilities during patients’ transfer of care from hospital, and staff experiences with medicines information handover from hospitals.
Method: An electronic cross-sectional questionnaire sent to all residential aged care facilities within a metropolitan region, February to April 2022. The survey comprised 23 questions covering facilities’ profiles, medicines management practices, and medicine management at transfer of care from hospital.
Results: Of 53 listed facilities, thirty-one (58.5%) responded representing > 80% banner organisations. Facilities varied in size ranging between < 50 and 200 beds. A variety of services were provided with 87.1% offering more than one level of care. Responses indicated differences in medicines management processes with 19.4% solely using hardcopy medication charts. Handover from hospitals to manage patients’ medicines at transfer was inconsistent with only 48.4% reporting consistently receiving appropriate documentation.
Conclusion: Diverse processes and practices exist for medicines management in residential aged care facilities for routine activities and when residents transfer from hospital to facilities. Medicine communication received from hospital during discharge to a facility varies considerably, potentially compromising patient safety and care.
Selenium attenuates reproductive dysfunction by attenuating arsenic- induced alterations in the expression of H3K14ac and steroidogenic genes
Authors: Li Xiangli , Shen Kaina , Yang Yan , Dong Xiuxia , Wang Bohe , Feng Xiaojuan , Li Fang , Zhao Xinrui , Yuan Dunxuan , Tian Fangzhou , Quan Jinrou , Wang Junling
Published: August 2024

Arsenic exposure has been known to be associated with the male reproduction injury. Exploring the antidote of arsenic and ascertaining proper dose of antidote are important for detoxifying the male reproductive toxicity of arsenic. Selenium, which is essential for the male reproduction and spermatogenesis, can alleviate the toxicity of many environmental toxins, such as metals, and F. Selenium relives arsenic-induced reductions in spermatogenesis index and testicular function marker enzymes via promoting the antioxidative ability of rats. Our previous study has found that arsenic can induce reproductive toxicity by affecting the level of H3K14ac in the testis, so we further investigate whether selenium can antagonize arsenic-induced male reproductive toxicity through the H3K14ac pathway, and ascertain the appropriate dose of selenium. The results show that selenium intervention reduce the accumulation of arsenic in rat testis probably attributing to promote the excretion of arsenic from rat, then improve the testis injury induced by arsenic. Selenium intervention enhances sperm quality, testosterone level and expression of steroidogenic genes by regulating H3K14ac level and expression of its associated enzymes (KAT2A, P300, BAZ2A, HDAC3 and HDAC6), thus alleviates the male reproductive toxicity of arsenic and the proper dose of Se for mitigating arsenic male reproductive toxicity is 1mg/kg.
Impacts of Data Consistency Levels in Cloud-based NoSQL for Data-intensive Applications.
Authors: Ferreira Saulo , Mendonça Júlio , Andrade Ermeson
Published: August 2024

When using database management systems (DBMSs), it is common to distribute instance replicas across multiple locations for disaster recovery and scaling purposes. To efficiently geo-replicate data, it is crucial to ensure that the data and its replicas remain consistent, having the same and the most up-to-date data. However, DBMS’ inner characteristics and external factors, such as the replication strategy and network latency, can affect system performance when dealing with data replication, especially when the replicas are deployed far apart from the others. Thus, it is essential to comprehend how achieving high data consistency levels in geo-replicated systems can impact systems performance. This work analyzes various data consistency settings for the widely used NoSQL DBMSs, namely MongoDB, Redis, and Cassandra. The analysis is based on real-world experiments in which DBMS nodes are deployed on cloud platforms in different locations, considering single and multiple region deployments. Based on the results of the experiments, we provide a comprehensive analysis regarding the system throughput and response time when executing reading and writing operations, pointing out scenarios where each DBMS could be better employed. Some of our findings include, for instance, that opting for strong data consistency significantly impacts Cassandra’s reading operations in the single-region deployment, while MongoDB writing operations are most affected in a multi-region scenario. Additionally, all of these DBMSs exhibits statistically significant variations across all scenarios in the multi-region setup when the data consistency is switched from weak to stronger level.
Investigating Wall Shear Stress and the Static Pressure in Bone Scaffolds: A Study of Porosity and Fluid Flow Dynamics
Authors: Gadgil Vedang , Kumbhojkar Shriram , Sapre Tushar , Deshmukh Prathamesh , Dhatrak Pankaj
Published: August 2024

In bone tissue engineering, scaffolds are crucial as they provide a suitable structure for cell proliferation. Transporting DMEM to the cells and regulating the scaffold's biocompatibility are both controlled by the dynamics of the fluid passing through the scaffold pores. Scaffold design selection and modelling are thus important in tissue engineering to achieve successful bone regeneration. This study aims to design and analyse three scaffold designs - Face-Centred Cubic (FCC), and two newly developed designs Octagonal Truss and Square Pyramid with four porosity variations. The research aims to analyse the effect of design and porosity variation on pressure and wall shear stress, which are essential for analysing scaffold biocompatibility in tissue engineering. Three scaffold designs with varying porosities having strut diameters ranging from 0.3 mm to 0.6 mm were modelled for analysing the behaviour using BioMed Clear Resin. The fluid dynamics within these scaffolds were then examined using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to understand how different porosity levels affect fluid flow pressure and wall shear stress. The findings revealed variations in wall shear stress and their influence on cell proliferation. The maximum value of wall shear stress (WSS) is observed in the Square Pyramid model. The analysis shows that WSS at the inlet decreases as strut diameters increase or porosity percentages rise offering valuable insights for the development of effective scaffold designs. It can be concluded from the results that the Square Pyramid design has the highest value of WSS, thus increasing the chances of cell growth. From a biological perspective, the results of this work show promise for creating better scaffolds for tissue engineering.
ZFP36, an RNA-binding protein promotes hBMSCs osteogenic differentiation via binding with JUN
Authors: Su Hairong , Liang Linyuan , Wang Junling , Yuan Xiaolu , Zhao Binxiu
Published: August 2024

Osteoporosis (OP) is a metabolic bone disease characterized by progressive decline of bone mass and bone quality, leading to bone fragility and an increased risk of fracture. The osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is crucial to maintain the balance of osteoblast and osteoclast. Bioinformatics prediction indicates that ZFP36 ring finger protein (ZFP36), an RNA-binding protein, is a potential target of OP. Herein, we sought to probe the regulatory role and mechanisms of ZFP36 in the progression of OP. Overexpression of ZFP36 enhanced osteoblast viability, differentiation and mineralization of human BMSCs (hBMSCs). RNA immunoprecipitation qPCR (RIP-qPCR) assays demonstrated that ZFP36 could inhibit the translation of JUN, which was also verified with dual luciferase reporter gene assay. Furthermore, administration with T-5224, a transcription factor c-Fos/activator protein (AP)-1 inhibitor, which specifically inhibits the DNA binding activity of c-Fos/JUN, abolished the effect of ZFP36 knockdown on the behaviors of hBMSCs, suggesting that ZFP36 might promotes osteogenic differentiation through regulating JUN. These findings provide insights into the progression and a potential therapeutic target of OP.
Adapting to the Heat, Fighting with the Bite: A Two-fold Risk Assessment Coupling Indoor Heat Stress and Malaria Disease in Traditional African Settlements
Authors: Bardhan Ronita , Li Haiwei , Raman Haimavati , Abong'o Bernard , Bange Teresa , Zhao Yongling , Brayne Carol
Published: August 2024

Background Global south faces detrimental impacts of climate change, particularly the escalation of extreme heat and the heightened prevalence of vector-borne diseases. Building-level risk mitigation strategies frequently exhibit synergistic or conflicting effects on the two-fold risk. This research investigates health risks posed by indoor heat and malaria transmission in Kisumu, Kenya, across 138 local residents and their thirty traditional rural settlements, which are examined in their original architectural forms and modified forms.
Methods This study introduces a coupled health risk assessment method, examining indoor heat stress and malaria transmission. It computes risk indices by evaluating exposure, vulnerability, and hazard, aligning with the IPCC’s risk assessment framework. The approach combines environmental monitoring data, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, and questionnaire surveys to analyze risk in homes, including factors related to the architectural designs and residents.
Findings Our findings suggest that traditional informal settlements with overcrowding issues, extensive cooking activities, and limited ventilation facilities significantly heightened indoor exposure and vulnerabilities. Four houses classified as having extreme high heat stress risk demonstrate indoor air temperatures where over 70% of the volume exceeds 30°C, and over 10% of the volume exceeds 35°C. Our results underscore the importance of roof-level ventilation by open eaves, which promotes natural airflow, disperses heat trapped near the ceiling, and improves indoor air circulation. Such intervention resulted in a considerable rise in the proportion of houses categorized as low to medium risk, with only two out of thirty houses remaining as high-risk homes. Moreover, the installation of windows has conflicting effects, facilitating heat mitigation and increasing the risk of mosquito entry. The adaptive schedules for opening kitchen windows and front-and-back-door design interventions can reduce the risks.
Interpretation Our research reveals a complex interplay of demographic and socioeconomic factors, occupancy behavioral adaptations, and architectural modifications as influential intervention factors in indoor thermal comfort and malaria disease transmission control. By addressing these architectural and behavioral adaptation aspects, our study contributes valuable insights into striking a balance of exposure and hazard risks in the context of vulnerable neighborhoods in Kenya.
Funding OODA Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) and Newton Consolidation Accounts Research Fund Award
Il rischio di responsabilità penale dell'avvocato di-fensore che sporge denuncia
Authors: Teichmann Fabian , Gaffuri Dimitri
Published: August 2024

Gli autori si interrogano sui limiti posti dalla legislazione penale all'azione dell'avvocato difensore, con particolare attenzione alla fattispecie di denuncia mendace. In particolare, gli autori considerano due costellazioni: quella dell'avvocato difensore che, per conto del suo assistito e sulla base delle informazioni fornitegli da quest'ultimo, sporge denuncia contro un'altra persona che si rivela, in seguito, innocente; e quella dell'avvocato difensore che, per difendere il proprio cliente imputato in un processo penale, accusa il testimone dell'accusa di riferire il falso.
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Les auteurs examinent les restrictions que le droit pénal impose aux actions des avocats de la défense et, plus particulièrement, les cas de dénonciations calomnieuses. Deux situations spécifiques sont analysées: la première concerne un avocat de la défense qui, en agissant au nom de son client et en se basant sur les informations fournies par ce dernier, dépose une plainte contre une personne qui se révèle par la suite innocente; la seconde implique un avocat de la défense qui, pour défendre son client accusé dans un procès pénal, accuse un témoin à charge de fournir un faux témoignage.
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Die Autoren hinterfragen die Grenzen, die das Strafrecht dem Handeln des Strafverteidigers setzt, mit besonderem Augenmerk auf den Fall der falschen Anschuldigung. Sie betrachten insbesondere zwei Konstellationen: die des Strafverteidigers, der im Namen seines Mandanten und basierend auf von ihm erhaltenen Informationen eine Anzeige gegen eine andere Person erstattet, die sich später als unschuldig herausstellt, und die des Strafverteidigers, der zur Verteidigung seines in einem Strafverfahren angeklagten Mandanten den Zeugen der Anklage beschuldigt, eine Falschaussage zu machen.
Methodological features of the description of thermal conductivity processes
Authors: Куликов А. А. , Иванова И. В. , Дюкова И. Н.
Published: August 2024

В физической модели процесса теплопроводности анализируется роль скорости, с которой в сплошной среде распространяется энергия. На базе общего определения вектора плотности энергии даётся основное определение вектора плотности теплового потока и выводится формула для определения объёмной плотности энергии, переносимой за счёт теплопроводности. Для общего случая выводится формула расчёта распределения локальной поверхностной плотности теплового потока на произвольной поверхности, принадлежащей телу, при известном поле вектора плотности теплового потока.

In the physical model, the role of the velocity at which energy propagates in a continuous medium is analyzed in the process of thermal conductivity. Based on the general definition of the energy density vector, the basic definition of the heat flux density vector is given and a formula is derived for determining the volumetric energy density transferred due to thermal conductivity. For the general case, a formula is derived for calculating the distribution of the local surface heat flux density on an arbitrary surface belonging to a body with a known field of the heat flux density vector.