bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BREAST CANCER SUBTYPES IN PAKISTANI POPULATION: DATA FROM A SINGLE CENTER
Authors: BANO K , RIAZ S , ZAFAR A , SHEIKH F , RASHID AA , ISMAIL Z
Published: November 2023

Breast cancer is a complex disease that includes different types of tumors. These tumors can vary in their characteristics, such as the levels of estrogen, progesterone, and HER2/neu receptors. These differences can impact how the tumors respond to treatment, progress, and change over time. The study conducted at the Department of Oncology, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, from May to November 2019, was a cross-sectional study that involved 90 female patients with breast cancer aged 25 to 75. The researchers analyzed the tumor samples using immunohistochemistry to evaluate ER, PR, and HER2neu levels. FISH was used to evaluate models that had equivocal HER2 by IHC. The participants in this study were 25 to 75 years old, with an average age of 47.10 ± 11.55 years. The average duration of the disease before presenting to the hospital was 6.71 ± 2.63 months. The study found that 74.44% of the female patients had tumors that were ER-positive, 56.67% had tumors that were PR-positive, and 20.0% had tumors that were HER2neu-positive. In conclusion, this study showed that the frequency of positive expression of estrogen, progesterone, and HER2neu in breast cancer patients in this population was consistent with international rates. However, more extensive studies are necessary to determine the exact prevalence of these tumors.
Critical care echocardiography in shock: A comprehensive review
Authors: Wattanasansomboon Suttisak , Tongyoo Surat
Published: November 2023

Bedside transthoracic echocardiography is a valuable tool for assessing cardiac morphology and function in critically ill patients. It provides real-time information and aids in making prompt clinical decisions. This article aims to explore the role of critical care echocardiography, especially during shock resuscitation, focusing on basic image acquisition and interpretation. The review discusses the evaluation of left ventricular function, right ventricular function, preload responsiveness, the presence of pericardial effusion, and tamponade.
PENINGKATAN SOFT SKILL DALAM IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM MERDEKA
Authors: Mahmudah Mila
Published: November 2023

Soft skill  diartikan sebagai ketrampilan kemampuan individu yang bersifat subjektif atau personal di mana mampu meningkatkan kemampuan karakter  individu untyk mengatur dirinya sendiri atau mengatur hubungan dengan orang lain. Peningkatan soft skill  membuat seseorang menjadi jauh lebih baik di lingkungan kerja, mulai dari cara memimpin, berkomunikasi, berperilaku, dan mengelola pekerjaan lainnya. Di samping itu, manfaat soft skill  adalah untuk meningkatkan networking. Keberadaan soft skiil bukan hanya pada kemampuan afektif saja tapi juga menjadi penting ketika disertai kemampuan menciptakan strategi kognitif sehingga meningkatkan kemampuan dua kompenen tersebut. Dalam pencapaian tujuan peningkatan soft skill  sebagai hasil pembelajaran, dibutuhkan penerapan kurikulum yang sesuai. Kementrian pendidikan menerapkan kurikulum Merdeka Belajar yang berbasis kebebasan berfikir dengan sasaran peningkatan soft skill  tanpa melupakan hard skill  yang tetap harus diperhatikan. Sehingga kedua kompenen tersebut mampu meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia.
TINDAKAN KEKERASAN TERHADAP ANAK DALAM TAFSIR PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Malaka Zuman
Published: November 2023

Violence against children is not something new, in fact it is an endless phenomenon. This phenomenon can occur anywhere and at any time. Often we see acts of violence that befall children, whether physically, psychologically, sexually, economically, and so on. In the Al-Qur'an, Surah Al Imran, verse 159, it is explained that as a parent you must be gentle towards your child and provide guidance to your child with love and be able to provide direction to understand what your child can and cannot do. This is done to avoid acts of violence against children.
𝒌 – Graceful Labeling of Triangular Type Grid Graphs 𝑫𝒏(𝑷𝒎) and 𝑳 – Vertex Union of 𝑫𝒏(𝑷𝒎)
Authors:   Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Indunil W.K.M , Perera A.A.I ,   University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
Published: November 2023

Graph labeling is one of the most popular research topics in the field of graph theory. Prime labeling, antimagic labeling, radio labeling, graceful labeling, lucky labeling, and incidence labeling are some of the labeling techniques. Among the above-mentioned techniques, graceful labeling is one of the most engaging graph labeling techniques with a vast amount of real-world applications. Over the past few decades, plenty of studies have been conducted on this area in various dimensions. Grid graphs are very much useful in applications of circuit theory, communication networks, and transportation networks. However, in the literature, there are not many research papers on the graceful labeling of grid graphs except a few on odd graceful labeling. In our work, we prove that triangular-type grid graphs, 𝐷𝑛(𝑃𝑚) and 𝐿 – vertex union of 𝐷𝑛(𝑃𝑚) admit 𝑘 – general graceful labeling and 𝑘 – even and 𝑘 – odd graceful labeling. Further, we introduce combinatorial proofs for them as well. KEYWORDS: 𝒌 – even graceful labeling, 𝒌 – graceful labeling, 𝒌 – odd graceful labeling, triangular type grid graph.
Keynote Address-2: Securing critical infrastructure and the IIoT
Authors:   Curtin University, Australia, Murray Iain
Published: November 2023

With the advent of the IoT and its application in industrial settings, there is a significant gap in security policy and implementation as data traverses the traditional Operational Technology (OT) infrastructure and into the IT space. Data gathered in the OT environment now needs to traverse the corporate network to decision makers opening up an array of security and compatibility issues that need to be addressed to keep our critical infrastructure safe.
Strength Gain of Organic Soil Deposits Subjected to Increase in the Effective Stress
Authors:   Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Sri Lanka, Nanayakkara D.A.S , Thilakarathne T.M.D ,   Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Sri Lanka, Thilakasiri H.S ,   Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Sri Lanka
Published: November 2023

Organic soil has weak shear strength properties in its natural texture. However, a significant gain in strength can be achieved in such soils by increasing the effective stresses using preloading techniques. This research focuses on the organic soil deposits in Sri Lanka by analyzing the data from Colombo Katunayake Expressway (CKE) project and Elevated Highway (EH) project spanning from New Kelani Bridge to Athurugiriya. As a developing country, Sri Lanka is facing a huge challenge due to its limited land available towards the infrastructure development. Therefore, construction should also be directed on organic soils despite of considering its weak shear strength properties as the soil can be modified to enhance its properties. To predict the strength gain of organic soils subjected to effective stresses, empirical correlations are used such as Skempton and Bjerrum equation (1957). As depicted in such correlations, the ratio of undrained shear strength and effective overburden pressure is observed against the Plasticity Index (PI) using field data. From the results of the analysis, it is discovered that using empirical correlations is very conservative for organic soils within the Sri Lankan context. Particularly, use of empirical correlations is very safe but beyond the economic considerations. In the extension of the research, an argument is generated to validate the use of PI to predict normalized shear ratio. To validate the argument, SPSS statistical software was used to perform the multiple regression analysis having PI, natural void ratio and organic content as the independent variables. From the statistical analysis, it was found that using only PI to predict the strength gain is not conservative for Sri Lankan organic soils subjected to effective stresses. These generated results are identical to conclusions drawn governing the inorganic soils in the state of Missouri (2011). KEYWORDS: Shear Strength, Plasticity Index, Organic Soil, Sri Lanka, Colombo Katunayake Expressway, Elevated Highway, Effective Stress
Durability of Cold Formed Steel Structures used in residential and industrial construction
Authors:   Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Sri Lanka, Cooray K.P , Tharmarajah Gobithas ,   Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Sri Lanka
Published: November 2023

Cold formed steel is an attractive alternative to traditional construction materials such as masonry and concrete owing to the advantages such as easy fabrication, light weight, reusability of the material and higher level of recyclability. Cold formed steel buildings are also appreciated for better insulation and lower energy consumption during operation. However, durability of the steel was the main concern for stakeholders as corrosive conditions can damage the material and deteriorate the condition of the building. Therefore, it is important to understand the durability of cold formed steel coated with zinc and zinc alloys. In this study, experimental data related to durability studies available in literature was collected and presented through an analysis. The data obtained from literature indicate that if the building envelop was designed appropriately to protect the steel from exposure conditions, the steel can fulfil the expected service life of residential buildings independent of environmental and climatic conditions. Therefore, this study helps to alleviate concerns regarding durability of cold formed steel in residential construction. KEYWORDS: cold formed steel, durability, design life, corrosion, zinc alloys.
Analysis of a Solar Thermal Based Hot Water System for a Non Residential Application
Authors:   Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Sri Lanka, Aslam M.A.
Published: November 2023

Industries in Sri Lanka rely heavily on the use of hot water for their day-to-day applications. Industries such as hotels and hospitals utilise electrically powered geysers, while industries such as wood treating factories, garment industries, and paper manufacturing industries rely on boilers to obtain heated water. The rising cost of electricity production and the pollution associated with current power generation technologies in Sri Lanka have led to a need for a water heating framework which focuses on harnessing renewable energy. Since Sri Lanka is located in close proximity to the equatorial belt, solar thermal water heaters were selected as one of the most viable options. In this study, a hospital was selected as the base scenario onto which a solar water heating framework was to be designed for. The framework focused on the feasibility of three collector types, i.e., Flat Plate Collector, Evacuated Tube Collector and Parabolic Trough Collector. Initially theoretical efficiencies of each collector type were determined for the average annual solar radiation in Sri Lanka. Finally, RETScreen simulation software was used to perform sizing analysis of each water heating system, analyse each systems financial viability and analyse the reduction in annual Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. KEYWORDS: Solar radiation, water heater, solar collector, flat plate, evacuated tube, parabolic trough, efficiency, RETScreen.
Health, safety, and environmental impacts of road infrastructure projects in Sri Lanka; Impact analysis on ongoing and temporarily suspended road works
Authors:   Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Sri Lanka, Kariyawasam D.D.S.A , Gomes P.I.A ,   Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Sri Lanka
Published: November 2023

Road networks are considered to be the primary mode of transport in Sri Lanka. Road infrastructure plays an important role in the country’s economy. The work environment of construction projects is generally considered one of the most dangerous places for work. The current economic recession faced by Sri Lanka has led to the temporary suspension of road works. The aim of this study is to identify the main types of health, safety, and environmental issues that occur in the construction of different ongoing and suspended road infrastructure projects in Sri Lanka. Questionnaire surveys, discussions, and site observations were carried out to collect data from road projects of different classes. Data analysis was done using the SPSS (Version 28) statistical software. The findings of the research indicated that vehicle collisions were the most common type of occupational accident faced in road construction in Sri Lanka. The fatality rate caused due to poor health and safety management of road construction works was compared with the construction of buildings and other developing countries. The results obtained from the study also identified that negligence was the main factor that influenced low safety standards on-site, which in turn impacted the performance of the construction project. Measures taken by construction companies of different grades to improve health and safety standards were also studied in the research. It was also evident that suspended road projects had an adverse effect on the environment, as it was seen that these sites possessed a loss in diversity, high chances of sediment erosion, and a rise in mosquito breeding locations. The findings of this research highlight the need of prioritizing health and safety in road projects and also enable construction companies to handle construction work in a way that minimizes environmental damage occurs. KEYWORDS: Health, safety, road construction, Sri Lanka
Conceptual Design of Short Range - Low Altitude Fixed Wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle For Landmine Detection
Authors:   University of Jaffna, Daisan G
Published: November 2023

Over the past five decades, landmines are creating serious problems all over the world. Even though many UAVs are being developed for demining, many of them are not available to the humanitarian activities. Designing a UAV for demining from the air is challenging and there are only a few UAVs employed in landmines search in Sri Lanka. This research designs a fixed-wing UAV with a total mass of 47 kg, with 10 kg dedicated to payload. It can fly with a maximum speed of 30 m/s continuously for 40 minutes. This UAV detect landmines using ground penetrating radar in no wetted areas. Several manual calculations and software such as Microsoft Excel, XFLR 5, X-Foil, CATIA V5, and ANSYS 19 were used to complete the conceptual design. KEYWORDS: Demining, fixed-wing UAV, design, Performance
Đánh giá chất lượng cuộc sống của người bệnh đau thắt ngực ổn định sau can thiệp động mạch vành qua da tại Trung tâm Tim Mạch - Bệnh viện E
Authors: Lê Thị Thanh Hải , Phạm Quang Minh , Phan Thảo Nguyên
Published: November 2023

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá chất lượng cuộc sống của người bệnh đau thắt ngực ổn định sau can thiệp động mạch vành qua da tại Trung tâm Tim Mạch - Bệnh viện E.
Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang được tiến hành trên 109 người bệnh được chẩn đoán đau thắt ngực ổn định và có chỉ định can thiệp động mạch vành qua da thành công tại Trung tâm Tim Mạch - Bệnh viện E từ tháng 08/2022 đến tháng 08 /2023. Bộ câu hỏi SAQ bao gồm 11 câu hỏi, đo lường 5 lĩnh vực sức khỏe liên quan bệnh mạch vành: khả năng gắng sức, độ ổn định của đau ngực, tần số đau ngực, mức độ hài lòng với điều trị và chất lượng cuộc sống.
Kết quả: Điểm chất lượng cuộc sống trước can thiệp là 48,08 ± 7,23; sau can thiệp 1 tháng là 65,97 ± 8,17 và sau can thiệp 3 tháng là 67,73 ± 5,33. Cả 5 lĩnh vực khả năng gắng sức, độ ổn định của đau ngực, tần số đau ngực, mức độ hài lòng với điều trị và CLCS đều có tỉ lệ cải thiện cao.
Kết luận: Như vậy đã có sự cải thiện chất lượng cuộc sống ở người bệnh đau thắt ngực ổn định sau can thiệp 1 tháng và tiếp tục duy trì đến tháng thứ 3 so với thời điểm trước can thiệp (sự khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê với p < 0,05). Người bệnh sau can thiệp cần tiếp tục được giáo dục sức khỏe thay đổi hành vi, lối sống để nâng cao chất lượng cuộc sống.
NÂNG CAO CHẤT LƯỢNG CÔNG TÁC QUẢN LÝ QUY HOẠCH XÂY DỰNG VÀ PHÁT TRIỂN ĐÔ THỊ TRÊN ĐỊA BÀN TỈNH ĐỒNG THÁP
Authors: Nguyễn Hoài Vũ , Đỗ Tiễn Sỹ , Nguyễn Anh Thư , Khúc Quang Trung
Published: November 2023

Trong thời gian gần đây, việc quản lý quy hoạch xây dựng và phát triển đô thị tại tỉnh Đồng Tháp đã đạt được nhiều thành tựu đáng khích lệ, góp phần thúc đẩy sự phát triển kinh tế xã hội của địa phương. Mặc dù đã có những kết quả tích cực, song vẫn còn tồn tại một số hạn chế và vấn đề trong quá trình thực hiện. Nhằm cải thiện tình hình này, chúng tôi đã tiến hành thu thập dữ liệu về hiện trạng và thực hiện phân tích đánh giá về công tác quản lý quy hoạch xây dựng và phát triển đô thị tại Đồng Tháp. Các kết quả nghiên cứu đã được sử dụng để đề xuất một các giải pháp nhằm tăng cường hiệu quả của công tác quản lý quy hoạch xây dựng và phát triển đô thị trong tương lai. Các giải pháp này đã được chúng tôi tham khảo ý kiến từ các chuyên gia trong lĩnh vực xây dựng. Điều này nhằm đảm bảo tính khả thi và sự chính xác trong việc đề xuất những biện pháp cụ thể nhằm nâng cao chất lượng quản lý quy hoạch xây dựng và phát triển đô thị tại Đồng Tháp trong thời gian tới.
“A STUDY ON IMPACT OF FRINGE BENEFITS TOWARDS EMPLOYEE PRODUCTIVITY AT LARSEN & TOUBRO CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT LIMITED , DODDABALLAPURA”
Authors:   Department of management studies,  Sai vidya institute of technology, Rajanukunte, Bengaluru., R M Anil Kumar , S Proff. Manjunatha ,   Department of management studies,  Sai vidya institute of technology, Rajanukunte, Bengaluru.
Published: November 2023

This study investigates the relationship between fringe benefits and employee productivity, focusing on the types, perceived value, and mechanisms they influence employee engagement and output. Using a mixed-methods approach, the research will survey a diverse sample of employees across industries and job roles to understand their perceptions of fringe benefits' importance and effectiveness. In-depth interviews will provide deeper insights into the psychological and behavioral dynamics. The findings will identify specific fringe benefits associated with improved productivity, reveal psychological mechanisms linking these benefits to motivation, job satisfaction, and commitment, and explore potential moderating factors like job role, tenure, and organizational culture. The findings will provide valuable insights for human resource practitioners, managers, and leaders, enabling strategic allocation of resources and designing tailored incentive programs that align with employee needs and preferences. The study aims to contribute to existing knowledge and optimize human resource strategies for a more productive and engaged workforce.
Article 23 Income Tax Calculation System for Expedition Services
Authors: Aprilia Sani , Wahyudi Heri
Published: November 2023

Correct and accurate tax calculations can make it easier for company owners to know the amount of deductions paid and make the right decisions that company owners will make for the business they are involved in in the future. Moreover, with the correct tax deductions, they can increase state treasury income appropriately to avoid errors or fraud in the reporting. Calculating income tax (PPh), article 23 for expedition services is accompanied by a large amount of goods delivery transaction data based on available delivery services, which causes errors in the calculations due to differences in the delivery services selected. The design of the Income Tax (PPh) Calculation System Article 23 for one of the national express delivery and logistics service companies in Bandung is made on a web basis. The research method used is the descriptive method with data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews, and literature study, and was designed using the OOAD (Object Oriented Analysis Design) system development method, namely the process of analysis, design, and implementation of the system based on objects. The programming language used is PHP with the PHPMyAdmin database. It is hoped that the design of the PPh 23 tax calculation system will make it easier for companies to input the necessary data, make the calculation process easier because it is done automatically and will be more accurate, and make it easier to print reports if one day they need a report in hard copy form.
Effect of Work Motivation and Discipline on Employee Performance
Authors: Nurislam Nabilah , Yusup Maulana , Sholihah Sana , Jatmika Lungguh
Published: November 2023

This study aims to determine whether there is a significant influence between work motivation and work discipline on employee performance. The object of research is 50 employees in one of the sub-district offices of Bandung Regency using a questionnaire so that data is taken using the population. The variables in this study are divided into two, namely, independent and dependent variables. The independent variable divides into motivation and work discipline, and the dependent variable is employee performance. This study uses using the SPSS version 16 application. Research using Path Analysis shows that the variable Motivation (X1) has a direct effect of 26.0%, an indirect effect through a relationship with Work Discipline (X2) of 15.9%, and the total effect is 41.9%. The Work Discipline Variable (X2) has a direct effect of 20.7% and an indirect effect through its relationship with motivation (X1) of 15.9%. The total effect is 36.6%. The results of the relationship of the coefficient of determination (R square) with the variable Work Motivation (X1) and Work Discipline (X2) in determining the Employee Performance variable (Y) is 78.5%. In comparison, other factors that affect employee performance but are not examined show by the value of € = 0.215 or 21.5%. As for suggestions concerning the research results, agencies should be able to improve the above variables further.
Influence of Motivation and Work Environment on Employee Performance
Authors: Julia Ine , Danasasmita Windi Matsuko
Published: November 2023

The inception of this study can be traced back to the difficulties encountered by a cleaning service company located in Bandung. The challenges encompass diminished employee motivation and an unfavorable work environment, predominantly attributable to factors associated with human error. The concerns above had an adverse effect on the productivity of the employees. This study aims to assess the impact of motivation and work environment on the performance of employees.
The employed research methodology entails a quantitative approach characterized by a descriptive and empirically verifiable framework. The sample population comprises 46 respondents employed in a company located in Bandung. In order to acquire corroborative data and information, primary data is utilized, which is directly gathered from employees of a cleaning service company located in Bandung. The statistical methodology utilized in this study is multiple linear regression.
According to the study's findings, all statement items demonstrate validity and reliability, as indicated by correlation coefficients exceeding the predetermined threshold. Motivation exerts a substantial impact on the performance of employees. The work environment can also influence employee performance. Therefore, the present study demonstrates the influence of motivation and work environment on employee performance within a cleaning service company in Bandung.
Effect of Work Motivation and Discipline on Employee Performance
Authors: Pandia Ella Klodiya , Zulfikar Vicky Acmad
Published: November 2023

The primary objective of this study is to investigate and assess the impact of motivation on employee performance, the effect of work discipline on employee performance, and the combined influence of motivation and work discipline on employee performance within a convection services company located in Bandung. The employed research methodology is descriptive and verificatory in nature. The study's population comprises employees from a single convection services company in Bandung. The sample size for this study was determined to be 137 respondents, utilizing the Slovin technique. The data collection process involved the administration of questionnaires, while data analysis was conducted using path analysis with the aid of SPSS 21 for Windows.
Based on the statistical analysis results, it is evident that Motivation exhibits a direct influence of 28.9%, an indirect influence via competence of 15.3%, and an overall influence of 44.3%. The Work Discipline variable exhibits a direct influence of 12.5% and an indirect influence through Motivation of 15.3%, resulting in a cumulative influence of 27.8%. The coefficient of determination (R2), represented as a percentage, indicates that the collective impact of all the independent variables, precisely Motivation and Work Discipline, on the dependent variable, employee performance, amounts to 0.722 or 72.2%. In addition, it should be noted that other unexplored variables may have an impact on performance, as evidenced by the value of ? = 0.278, equivalent to 27.8%. Therefore, it can be inferred that motivation and work discipline positively and substantially impact employee performance within the convection services company located in Bandung.
A Multi-sensor Analysis of Selected Reflectance-Based Crop Coefficient Models for Daily Maize Evapotranspiration Estimation
Authors: Costa-Filho Edson , Chávez José L. , Zhang Huihui
Published: November 2023

This study evaluated three reflectance-based crop coefficient models (RBCC) for daily maize actual evapotranspiration (ETa) estimates, using multispectral data from spaceborne, airborne, and proximal platforms. The goal was to identify the optimal multispectral sensor that gives more accurate daily ETa estimates. The remote sensing (RS) multispectral platforms included Landsat-8, Sentinel-2, Planet CubeSat, handheld multispectral radiometer (MSR), and unmanned aerial system or UAS, spatial resolution from 30 m to 0.03 m. Three RBCC models that use different vegetation indices as input variables were evaluated in the study. One RBCC uses the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). The second model uses the soil-adjusted vegetation index (SAVI), and the third model uses canopy cover (fc). The data for this study were from two maize research sites in Greeley and Fort Collins, Colorado, USA, collected in 2020 and 2021. The Greeley site had a subsurface drip system, while the Fort Collins site had surface irrigation (furrow). Daily maize ETa predictions were compared with observed daily maize ETa data from an Eddy Covariance system installed at each research site. Results indicated that, depending on the RS of ETa algorithm and platform, the optimal input RS data was different. The MSR sensor (1 m) provided the best remote sensing data (input) for the SAVI-based RBCC ETa model, with a maize ETa error (MBE±RMSE) of -0.13 (-3%)±0.67 (16%) mm/d. Sentinel-2 was the best sensor for the remaining two RBCC daily maize ETa algorithms, since the errors for the NDVI-based and fc-based RBCC models for maize ETa were 0.21 (5%)±0.78 (18%) mm/d and 0.59 (14%)±1.07 (25%) mm/d, respectively. These results indicate the need for methods to improve the spectral quality of the remote sensing data to improve spatial ETa estimates and advance sustainable irrigation water management.
Robustness Analysis of Deep Reinforcement Learning for Online Portfolio Selection
Authors: Velay Marc , Doan Bich-Lien , Rimmel Arpad , Popineau Fabrice , Daniel Fabrice
Published: November 2023

Online Portfolio Selection (OLPS) requires a careful mix of assets to minimize risk and maximize rewards over a trading episode. The stochastic, non-stationary aspect of the market makes decision-making very complex. Heuristic methods relying on historical returns were traditionally used to select assets that found a balance of risk and reward. However, improvements in modeling time series from Neural Networks led to new solutions. Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has become a popular approach to solve this problem, but its methods rarely reach a consensus among publications. In other fields, solutions using non-Markovian state representations are frequent. Crafting rewards to improve agent learning is common but has effects on the resulting behaviors. The resulting processes are rarely compared to other recent State-of-the-Art solutions but to heuristic algorithms. The proliferation of approaches motivated us to benchmark them using traditional financial metrics, and evaluate their robustness over time and across market conditions. We aim to evaluate the contributions to measured performance from each method in market representation, policy learning and value estimation.
Empirical Legal Studies in Nederland: overzicht en relevantie voor rechtspraktijk en -wetenschap
Authors: Malsch M. (Marijke)
Published: November 2023

Empirical Legal Studies in Nederland: overzicht en relevantie voor rechtspraktijk en -wetenschap

Empirisch onderzoek van het recht is van groot belang voor rechtspraktijk en -wetenschap. Deze bijdrage geeft een overzicht van het empirische onderzoek naar het strafrecht en naar het strafrechtssysteem. Voorts wordt ingegaan op de toepassing van empirische bevindingen in de rechtspraktijk.
فاعلية التدريس باستراتيجية الرالي روبن في تنمية ابعاد الفهم العميق لدى طلاب الصف الخامس العلمي الاحيائي في مادة الفيزياء
Authors: جبار عليوي أحمد
Published: November 2023

يهدف البحث الحالي الى تعرف (فاعلية التدريس باستراتيجية الرالي روبن في تنمية ابعاد الفهم العميق لدى طلاب الصف الخامس العلمي الاحيائي في مادة الفيزياء). استخدم الباحث التصميم التجريبي ذا الضبط الجزئي للمجموعتين المتكافئتين ذات الاختبار البعدي، المجموعة التجريبية والمجموعة الضابطة، ووفقا لهذا التصميم اختيرت عينة البحث قصدياً في إعدادية القاسم للبنين، وقد بلغت عينة الدراسة (61) طالباً وزعت على مجموعتين الاولى تجريبية، وقد ضمت (31) طالباً والثانية ضابطة وقد ضمت (30) طالباً كوفئت المجموعتان في متغيرات: العمر الزمني بالاشهر، الذكاء، درجات الكورس الاول، واختبار أبعاد الفهم العميق، وطبق البحث في الفصل الدراسي الثاني للعام الدراسي(2018-2019) وأعدّ الباحث أداة للبحث (اختبار أبعاد الفهم العميق) الذي تكون بصورته النهائية من (36) فقرة اختبارية، وقد تم معالجة البيانات إحصائيا، وتوصل الباحث الى نتائج البحث والتي هي تفوق طلاب المجموعة التجريبية على طلاب المجموعة الضابطة في اختبار أبعاد الفهم العميق.
The Effect of Iraqi EFL University Students’ Critical Thinking Abilities on Their Use of Language Learning Strategies
Authors: A. Kareem Lihadh , Ali Rezaee Abbas
Published: November 2023

The importance of critical thinking has formed a motivation for educators at different fields of education, such as EFL and ESL contexts. Similarly, the awareness of the importance of language learning strategies has been growing throughout the different stages of language learning history. The current study is planned to investigate the effect of EFL learners' critical thinking abilities on their use of the different language learning strategies. To this end, the Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL) and the Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal (WGCTA) were administered to 100 Iraqi EFL university students. A fifteen-week experiment was conducted in an attempt to improve the participants' critical thinking abilities. The findings reveal that there is a statistically significant relationship between the participants' use of the different language learning strategies and their critical thinking abilities. It is also found out that the effect of teaching critical thinking is most clear in the case of the use of memory strategies and less in the use of the affective strategies.
ANALISIS FAKTOR PENYEBAB RENDAHNYA KEDISIPLINAN SISWA KELAS 9 DALAM PEMBELAJARAN TATAP MUKA DI SMP X DI SURAKARTA
Authors: Talitha Elvina
Published: November 2023

Education is a process that aims to develop the potential of humans and gain useful knowledge for themselves later. But what happens at school, many students secretly violate and ignore the rules. Based on this phenomenon, the authors are interested to conduct research on the factors causing low discipline among 9th-grade students of SMP X in Surakarta. The method used is qualitative descriptive method. In terms of self-awareness, the students were also assessed as lacking. This is because the sanctions given are considered mild for students. The habit of a student who often do things without self-awareness and high responsibility changing their habits into bad habits. The conclusion that can be drawn,  SMP X students in Surakarta are classified as having less discipline. This is evidenced by the high level of violation of school rules. The pandemic has also caused a decrease in the quality of discipline from students because it has been changed by the “new normal” which makes students carry out activities more easily at home.

Keywords: S Factor Analysis, Disciplinary.
Perilaku Pacaran pada Peserta Didik SMP X
Authors: Stevanie Sandra Rianto
Published: November 2023

Adolescence is the transition from childhood to early adulthood. Childhood as we know Together, they make friends with the same and the opposite sex without awkwardness and shame. Even though they believe that they are no longer children, the people around them still believe that they are still children. This study uses a qualitative methodology. Junior high school children were used as subjects. Data collection techniques from subjects using interviews. In some of the subjects we interviewed, their behavior when they were dating especially when the two of them were just chatting, studying together, worshiping together, spoiled like little children. Dating activities among junior high school students is a normal and natural phase experienced by teenagers, especially those who are going through puberty. Dating itself is two people who love each other, are willing to do anything to make their partner happy and have a future goal of being a companion for life forever, which is called marriage.

 

Keywords: Teenagers, Dating, Behavior, love language
GAMBARAN RELIGIUSITAS PADA LANSIA DI GRIYA PMI MOJOSONGO
Authors: Stevanie Sandra Rianto  , Anniez Rachmawati Musslifah
Published: November 2023

Generally, older individuals are typically referred to as individuals who are 65 years old and older. Aging is a natural progression in the human lifespan, often characterized by a decline in physical abilities. Every elderly person yearns for a peaceful and contented life, and one way to fulfill this psychological need is by enhancing their faith and devotion. The objective of this study is to assess the religious inclination of the elderly residing in Griya PMI. The researchers employed a qualitative approach, conducting semi-structured interviews and observations with a total of seven elderly participants. The findings of this study indicate that, on average, the subjects displayed a commendable level of religiosity.
THE USE OF FLASH CARD MEDIA TO INCREASING ARABIC VOCABULARY MASTERY
Authors: Dede Rizal Munir  , Taufik Luthfi  , Ruswandaeni Eka Junita
Published: November 2023

This research is motivated by the low mastery of Arabic vocabulary and the lack of motivation of students in learning Arabic. Because the teacher only focuses on teaching materials contained in the teacher's handbook and the lack of use of interesting learning media, especially on Arabic vocabulary material, results in low student vocabulary mastery. Based on the description above, the researcher wants to describe the process of using Flashcard media & measure its effectiveness in increasing the memorization of Arabic vocabulary at MI Miftahul Ulum, Pabuaran, Subang. This classroom action research aims to measure the effectiveness of using Flashcard media on the mastery of mufradat Arabic in class VI MI Miftahul Ulum, Pabuaran. The subjects of this study were 26 students of class VI MI Miftahul Ulum Pabuaran. This research was conducted in three cycles. Based on the results of the study, it was found that there was an increase in learning outcomes by using flashcard media. In the pre-cycle of student learning outcomes in Arabic subjects by 73%. In cycle I (first), student learning outcomes in Arabic subjects increased to 77%. In cycle II (second), student learning outcomes in Arabic subjects increased to 82%. Whereas in cycle III (third), student learning outcomes in Arabic subjects experienced a significant increase to 87%.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Dalam Pembelajaran Blended Learning
Authors: Sela Maria Rosina Wea
Published: November 2023

Pendidikan adalah upaya mengembangkan potensi manusia yang tak bisa terwujud tanpanya, dan peningkatan mutu pendidikan adalah kunci untuk meningkatkan kualitas individu. Mutu pendidikan dipengaruhi oleh siswa, guru, dan faktor-faktor seperti fasilitas sekolah. Pandemi COVID-19 memaksa perubahan dalam metode pembelajaran, menciptakan tantangan unik bagi guru, siswa, dan orangtua, termasuk masalah kejujuran siswa dalam penilaian. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, dilakukan penelitian berjudul Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Dalam Pembelajaran Blended Learning. Penelitian ini melibatkan 32 siswa kelas XI MIA 1 di SMA Negeri 1 Amarasi tahun pelajaran 2021/2022. Penelitian berlangsung selama 3 bulan, dengan tiga siklus melibatkan perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan, refleksi, dan perbaikan. Data dikumpulkan melalui tes hasil belajar siswa dengan nilai tuntas minimal 75%. Hasilnya menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan. Pada siklus I, hasil belajar siswa kurang memenuhi kriteria keberhasilan, tetapi pada siklus II, siswa mempersiapkan materi lebih baik, memanfaatkan waktu pembelajaran, dan hasil belajar meningkat menjadi 81%. Siklus III tidak diperlukan karena ketuntasan klasikal telah tercapai. Penerapan metode pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dan Blended Learning berhasil meningkatkan hasil belajar fisika di kelas XI MIA 1 SMA Negeri 1 Amarasi. Guru sebaiknya memanfaatkan Blended Learning dengan Problem Based Learning sebagai alternatif, dan siswa perlu menggabungkan keduanya untuk memahami materi dan meningkatkan hasil belajar.
Kajian Strukturalisme Puisi “Ujung-Ujung Hujan” Karya Aan Mansyur
Authors: Mira Dinda Fatimatu Syarifah
Published: November 2023

This study uses the object of the literary work of poetry "Surat Dari Ibu", by Asrul Sani by using structuralism studies. The purpose of this study is to describe the physical elements and mental elements as a whole which allows to provide new knowledge to the reader. This study uses a qualitative approach to the method of content analysis in poetry. The results obtained in the physical structure of the poem are 2 diction related to the selection of words used by the poet. Imagery found 3 images related to the human sensory organs. There are 3 concrete words related to the meaning of the word as a whole. There is 1 style of language, namely comparative majas. Rhyme uses aabb rhyme. The last physical element is typography, the poet uses all lowercase typography in his poem. The inner elements contained in the poem "Ujung-Ujung Hujan" by Aan Mansyur, the first is the theme found in one stanza related to the problems in the poem. Based on tone, 1 tone was found. The inner element of flavor is found to be a sense of nostalgia and sadness of someone in the poem "Ujung-Ujung Hujan" by Aan Mansyur. The last inner element is the mandate, there is one mandate that the poet wants to convey through his poem.
Kepasrahan dan Keyakinan Dalam Lagu “Dengan Menyebut Nama Allah”
Authors: Rini Widiastuti  , Heri Isnaini
Published: November 2023

Song lyrics are a bridge to convey the message of the creator to the listener as a connoisseur of the song. The songwriter made the song with a specific intention, as well as the song By mentioning the Name of God by Dwiki Darmawan. In this paper the song is interpreted through the semiotic approach of Ferdinand de Saussure. The method used is descriptive, qualitative, interpretive. The result of this study is that the meaning of the lyrics of the song contains an invitation, da'wah to start activities by remembering Allah, so that in the next step reflected resignation and confidence in the heart that the key to happiness is confidence and resignation.
Analisis Semiotika Puisi “Siapakah Engkau” Karya Heri Isnaini
Authors: Alfitria Nurinsyira Resta
Published: November 2023

This research aims to describe the signs that appear in the poem entitled "Who Are You" by Heri Isnaini using a semiotic approach. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative method. The poem "Who Are You" by Heri Isnaini will be observed and then described to find out the meaning that the composer wanted to convey through icons, indexes and symbols so that the meaning can be known clearly by the author. The results of research on the poem "Who Are You" show that there are several signs that appear in the poem, including 4 icon signs, 3 index signs, and 6 symbol signs.
Molecular pathogenesis, experimental therapy and genetic counseling in hereditary sensory neuropathies
Authors: Mroczek Magdalena , Kabzińska Dagmara , Kochański Andrzej
Published: November 2023

Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies (HSANs) represent a group of heritable peripheral nerve disorders usually taking a severe clinical course. HSAN-affected patients manifest with deep, poorly-healing ulcerations of the feet and hands. To date no definitive cure for HSANs has been developed and the molecular pathology of these disorders is complex. The aim of this review is therefore to present recent findings in terms of HSAN molecular pathogenesis. So far, mutations in 12 genes coding for different proteins have been reported in association with HSAN and the molecular pathogenesis has been elucidated in HSAN1a, HSAN4 and HSAN5. The genes involved in molecular pathogenesis of HSAN code for a wide spectrum of proteins from enzymes to specific nerve growth factors. As far as HSAN1a is concerned, the enhanced understanding has given rise to achievements in experimental therapy particularly in respect to disease models. Despite a rapid progress in studies on the molecular background of HSAN, numerous loci and genes remain still to be discovered.
Effect of MRI tags: SPIO nanoparticles and 19F nanoemulsion on various populations of mouse mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Muhammad Ghulam , Jablonska Anna , Rose Laura , Walczak Piotr , Janowski Miroslaw
Published: November 2023

Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has emerged as a promising strategy for the treatment of myriad human disorders, including several neurological diseases. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) and fluorine nanoemulsion (19F) are characterized by low toxicity and good sensitivity, and, as such, are among the most frequently used cell-labeling agents. However, to date, their impact across the various populations of MSCs has not been comprehensively investigated. Thus, the impact of MRI tags (independent variable) has been set as a primary endpoint. The various populations of mouse MSCs in which the effect of tag was investigated consisted of (1) tissue of cell origin: bone marrow vs. Adipose tissue; (2) age of donor: young vs. old; (3) cell culture conditions: hypoxic vs. normal vs. normal + ascorbic acid (AA); (4) exposure to acidosis: yes vs. no. The impact of those populations has been also analyzed and considered as secondary endpoints. The experimental readouts (dependent variables) included: (1) cell viability; (2) cell size; (3) cell doubling time; (4) colony formation; (5) efficiency of labeling; and (6) cell migration. We did not identify any impact of cell labeling for these investigated populations in any of the readouts. In addition, we found that the harsh microenvironment of injured tissue modeled by a culture of cells in a highly acidic environment has a profound effect on all readouts, and both age of donor and cell origin tissue also have a substantial influence on most of the readouts, while oxygen tension in the cell culture conditions has a smaller impact on MSCs. A detailed characterization of the factors that influence the quality of MSCs is vital to the proper pursuit of preclinical and clinical studies.
Long-term ascorbic acid administration causes anticonvulsant activity during moderate and long-duration swimming exercise in experimental epilepsy
Authors: Tutkun Erkut , Arslan Gokhan , Soslu Recep , Ayyildiz Mustafa , Agar Erdal
Published: November 2023

The benefits of regular exercise on brain health are undeniable. Long-term exercise increases the production of reactive oxygen species in brain. Therefore, athletes often consume antioxidant supplements to remedy exercise-related damage and fatigue during exercise. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of ascorbic acid in the effects of different intensities of swimming exercise on the brain susceptibility to experimental epilepsy in rats. Ascorbic acid was administered intraperitoneally (ip) during three different swimming exercise programme for 90 days (15 min, 30 min, 90 min/day). The anticonvulsant activity regarding the frequency of epileptiform activity appeared in the 80 min after 500 units intracortical penicillin injection in 30 min and 90 min/day exercise groups. The administration of ascorbic acid (100 mg/kg, ip) did not alter the anticonvulsant properties seen in the in short-duration (15 min/day) swimming exercise group. The amplitude of epileptiform activity also became significant in the 110 and 120 min after penicillin injection in the moderate (30 min/day) and long duration (60 min/day) groups, respectively. The results of the present study provide electrophysiologic evidence that long-term administration of ascorbic acid causes anticonvulsant activities in the moderate and long-duration swimming exercise. Antioxidant supplementation such as ascorbic acid might be suggested for moderate and long-duration swimming exercise in epilepsy.
Effects of intracortical microinjection of vitamin B12 on penicillin-induced epileptiform activity in rats
Authors: Erfanparast Amir , Tamaddonfard Esmaeal
Published: November 2023

There are increasing studies indicating neuroprotective effects for vitamin B12. In the present study, the effect of intracortical microinjection of vitamin B12 was investigated on penicillin-induced epileptiform activity. We also examined the effects of intracortical microinjection of diazepam (a GABA-benzodiazepine receptor agonist) and flumazenil (a GABAbenzodiazepine receptor antagonist) to clarify the possible mechanism of vitamin B12. In urethane-anesthetized rats, epileptiform activity was induced by intracortical microinjection of penicillin (300 IU, 1.5 microL), and the number and amplitude of spike waves were analyzed using electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings. Intracortical microinjections of vitamin B12 at doses of 100 and 200 ng/site, diazepam at a dose of 200 ng/site and their ineffective doses (50 ng/site of vitamin B12 with 50 ng/site of diazepam) co-microinjection treatment significantly (P less than 0.05) reduced both the number and amplitude of spike waves. In addition, combined microinjection of effective doses of vitamin B12 (100 ng/site) and diazepam (200 ng/site) produced more antiepileptiform effect in comparison with their alone used doses. The antiepileptic effects induced by microinjection of vitamin B12 and diazepam at a same dose of 200 ng/site were prevented by the same site microinjection of 50 ng/site of flumazenil. The results showed antiepileptiform activities for vitamin B12 and diazepam AT the cerebral cortex level. A central GABA-benzodiazepine receptor complex-mediated mechanism might be involved in the antiepileptiform activity of vitamin B12.