bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of Synchronous and Asynchronous Blended Teaching Plan for Preschool Education Major Students at The Institute of Teacher Education in Ningxia Province, People Republic of China
Authors: Liu Yeqiu , Cleesuntorn Athipat
Published: November 2023

Background and Aims: In recent years, the role of choral conducting courses in China's basic education has been receiving more and more attention. A sudden increase in the demand for chorus and conducting courses in primary school has led to a shortage of teachers in this professional field in underdeveloped areas such as Ningxia. To efficiently train more primary school teachers who possess choral conducting skills for basic education has become the primary focus of colleges and universities offering primary school education majors. The purpose of this article is to explore whether synchronous and asynchronous blended teaching plans can achieve, or even surpass, the academic performance of traditional educational methods while enhancing the efficiency of the curriculum.
Methodology: This quasi-experimental study aims to investigate the effects of various teaching plans on participants’ outcomes. The participants consist of students engaged in a chorus and conducting an education setting. In this research procedure, the 39 participants were divided into three groups, each experiencing a different teaching method: the traditional teaching plan group, the synchronous blended teaching plan group, and the asynchronous blended teaching plan group. After implementing the teaching plans, standardized tests are administered to all three groups to measure their learning outcomes and performance. The collected data, comprising participants' test scores, will undergo statistical analysis using ANOVA and the Paired T-test.
Result: The final research results indicated that there was no statistically significant difference in the performance of the three participant groups. In other words, all three teaching plans exhibited a positive effect on participants' performance, with similar degrees of improvement. When considering average scores in sub-subjects, participants in the blended program generally outperformed those in the traditional style.
Conclusion: The blended teaching plan combines the convenience of online teaching with the benefits of offline practical instruction. The researchers contend that employing a blended teaching approach can enhance course efficiency, offering a viable alternative to the traditional teaching method.
Educación y tecnología: experiencias familiares con la educación a distancia durante la pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Paredes Meneses Rafaela
Published: November 2023

A partir de la propagación de COVID-19, el encierro trajo nuevas dinámicas familiares para el resguardo del aprendizaje de niños y adolescentes, donde la tecnología tuvo un protagonismo dentro de la educación y las relaciones sociales. La pregunta de investigación que orientó este trabajo es: ¿cómo fueron las experiencias de socialización y adaptabilidad que se desarrollaron en diferentes entornos familiares de la Sierra del Ecuador tras la educación a distancia durante la pandemia del coronavirus? La metodología que se empleó fueron entrevistas a profundidad a padres o miembros de familia que tomaron un rol de cuidado hacia personas menores de dieciocho años, quienes se encontraban estudiando a distancia durante la cuarentena en 2020 y 2021. El trabajo evidencia que los diferentes recursos y capitales sociales, culturales y económicos de los diversos contextos geográficos andinos fueron antecedentes para el seguimiento de una educación pertinente y digna, por lo que cuestiona la disociación de políticas emergentes con la práctica y vivencia individual y social. Se espera que este trabajo sirva para demostrar los impactos de políticas públicas de la educación en diferentes contextos sociales tras la emergencia sanitaria, conocer la transformación de las dinámicas familiares por el encierro y la inmovilidad, y cuestionar el determinismo tecnológico en las políticas de educación.
HEALTH AND RECREATION POTENTIAL OF THE NORTHERN-WESTERN CASPIAN COASTAL AREAS OF THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN
Authors:   Azərbaycan Respublikası Elm və Təhsil Nazirliyi akad. H.Ə. Əliyev  adına Coğrafiya İnstitutu,coğrafiya üzrə fəlsəfə doktoru, dosent nigar431@mail.ru, ALİYEV Amir , SADIGOV Mammad , SULEYMANLI Dilshad
Published: November 2023

The article examines the tourism-recreational potential of the north-western coastal area of the Caspian Sea in the Republic of Azerbaijan. For this purpose, multi-year observation data of Nabran, Siyazan and Sumgayit hydrometeorological stations operating on the coastline in the area are analyzed. As climate characteristics, air temperature and humidity, wind speed, sea water temperature, sea water level, as well as monthly and seasonal indicators of solar radiation are analyzed in the coastal area. Also, important historical monuments and religious sanctuaries located near the sea coast of this region of the Republic, which are tourist attractions, are examined. Extensive information is provided about Siyazan Beshbarmaq complex, Beshbarmaq pier, Chirag castle, Gil-Gil-Chay complex.
DEVELOPMENT POSSIBILITIES OF ECO-MEDICAL TOURISM IN AZERBAIJAN
Authors: PASCA AL BAHY Mahbub
Published: November 2023

The aim of this research is to design a possible health tourism development strategy that combines social, ecological and economic aspects in tourism development in Azerbaijan as a whole. To achieve this goal, there are several problems that appear in implementing the health tourism area strategy, namely weak tourism institutions and human resources, lack of community participation and not yet optimal land use. The methodology used in this activity is through focus group discussions, analyzing the needs of all stakeholders, and developing a systems approach through questionnaires and in-depth interviews with all stakeholders, for example government institutions and with prospective techniques. The results of the implementation of the activities show that several criteria such as conservation and maintenance, so that a strategic way is still needed to achieve sustainable tourism development. The expected impact will also support community empowerment, environmental preservation, and efforts to divert tourist interest.
RULING WOMEN IN EASTERN COUNTRIES:THE SULTAN OF EGYPT SHAJAR AD-DURR
Authors: Ganiyeva Zahra
Published: November 2023

Egypt is an Arab country located on the African continent, one of the developed cultural centers of the Ancient East, and most of its inhabitants are Muslim Arabs. At the same time, the continent is the country with the largest population. The article focuses on the life, political activities and role of Sultan Shajar ad-Durr, who was the concubine of Ayyubid ruler al-Salih Najmuddin Ayyub, the first Sultan of the Mamluk Turkic state founded in Egypt-Syria, and later fell in love and married. They present her as a woman with beauty and intelligence who knows public administration. Shajar ad-Durr was known as a person who plays an important role in the life of not only Egypt, but also neighboring Muslim countries.
EFEITOS DA SUPLEMENTAÇÃO DE ÔMEGA 3 EM PERÍODO EMBRIONÁRIO NOS PROCESSOS DE APRENDIZAGEM E NEURODESENVOLVIMENTO
Authors: Pawowytsch Pollyana Weber da Maia , Celli Adriane
Published: November 2023

Este estudo teve como objetivo estudar os efeitos da suplementação de ômega 3 nos processos de aprendizagem e no neurodesenvolvimento a partir da histologia do Sistema Nervoso Central de ratos Lewis jovens. Tratou-se de um estudo experimental, controlado, randomizado com cegamento. A amostra foi constituída por 64 animais. Os principais resultados encontrados demonstram que a suplementação do ômega 3 promove melhor desempenho no treino ao bebedouro (p<0,03), tendo o grupo ômega 3 apresentado número menor de sessões e menor tempo na curva de latência (p<0,0007) para concluir o treino. No reforço contínuo o melhor desempenho do grupo ômega 3 (p<0,03). Na avaliação histológica foi encontrado diferenças significativas entre os grupos (p<0,001) com maior número de célula astrocitárias no grupo ômega 3 e maior incidência de astrócitos na substância branca. Em análise comparativa foi encontrado maior incidência de células gliais astrocitárias no grupo ômega 3 que foi treinado (p<0,007), seguido do grupo de ratos que foram somente treinados.
A FORMAÇÃO DOS AGENTES DE SEGURANÇA PÚBLICA
Authors: Hundzinski Brenda Ohana Rocha
Published: November 2023

A formação dos agentes de segurança pública é um fator crucial para a eficácia e ética de suas ações. Atualmente, o enfoque tradicional e padronizado na formação demonstra-se inadequado, carecendo de uma abordagem mais democrática e humanitária. A educação deve transcender a mera transmissão de conhecimentos técnicos, promovendo o pensamento crítico, o respeito pelos direitos dos cidadãos e o uso equilibrado da força. Os profissionais da segurança pública desempenham um papel transformador na sociedade, e a formação adequada é essencial para que suas ações estejam alinhadas com a promoção de direitos e a manutenção da ordem pública, contribuindo para a construção de uma sociedade mais justa e pacífica.
FUNÇÃO SOCIAL DOS ÓRGÃOS DE SEGURANÇA PÚBLICA
Authors: Hundzinski Brenda Ohana Rocha
Published: November 2023

A função social dos órgãos de segurança pública consiste em proteger e promover a ordem pública, bem como salvaguardar os direitos e garantias fundamentais dos cidadãos. Isso é realizado por meio da aplicação eficaz das leis, da prevenção e repressão de atos criminosos, e da manutenção de um ambiente seguro e pacífico para a sociedade. Para cumprir a função social que são destinados, é necessário a modificação da estrutura dos órgãos de segurança pública e o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas adequadas para combater o aumento da criminalidade. O foco recai na necessidade de adaptar os órgãos de segurança pública à realidade social, reconhecendo as demandas da comunidade e implementando ações que promovam a redução da violência. No entanto, essa transformação deve ser acompanhada por investimentos nas áreas de saúde, educação e igualdade social, a fim de abordar as causas subjacentes da criminalidade.
L’Afrique face aux défis de la mondialisation. Pour une réappropriation de son patrimoine éthique
Authors:   Université Catholique du Congo, MUANDA KIENGA Jules
Published: November 2023

Résumé Le processus de la mondialisation est inéluctable. Il marque la vie des peuples dans toutes ses dimensions. Si, d’une part, il favorise la rencontre et les échanges entre les peuples de toutes races et cultures, d’autre part, il mène progressivement le monde vers une « standardisation » tous azimuts. Une « méga-culture » tend en fait à s’imposer progressivement et à niveler toutes les autres. C’est la culture occidentale postmoderne et l’émergence de la Nouvelle Éthique mondiale. Cette étude voudrait comprendre comment l’Afrique subsaharienne doit se situer face à cette nouvelle éthique. L’enjeu est de taille car l’éthique, c’est ce qu’il y a de plus fondamental chez l’humain. Elle oriente et détermine son destin : son passé, son présent et son avenir.
Le diagnostic et les crises africaines endogènes. De la préhistoire à la période historique
Authors:   Université de Bandundu-Ville (UNIBAND), PINI-PINI NSASAY Évariste
Published: November 2023

Résumé Le diagnostic est lié au déploiement du cosmos dans l’espace. La terre, comme habitat humain, et l’homme lui-même, existent grâce à lui. Il permet à celui-ci de relever les défis et de construire une société harmonieuse et apaisée. Cette étude analyse son rôle dans la résolution des crises au sein de la société ancestrale première.
Short-Course Versus Long-Course Antibiotic Therapy For Complicated Appendicitis: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Paggao Jayme Natasha , Ocampo Omar , Bongala Domingo
Published: November 2023

Objective: To compare the efficacy of short course versus long course antibiotic therapy among patients undergoing appendectomy for complicated appendicitis. Methods: The authors conducted an electronic search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EBSCO Host for studies from 2000 to January, 2000 to September, 2018 comparing short-course versus long-course antibiotic therapy in adults undergoing appendectomy for complicated appendicitis. The outcomes considered were the incidence of superficial surgical site infection and intra-abdominal abscess, and duration of hospital stay. Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager software. Results: A total of 360 patients in two studies were analyzed. Superficial surgical site infection was identified in 5 out of 123 patients in the short-course antibiotic group (4%), and 5 out of 237 patients in the long-course antibiotic group (2.1%) (95% CI 0.38, 5.51, p=0.58). There was a decrease in the incidence of intra-abdominal abscess in the short-course antibiotic group (6.5%), but the difference was not statistically significant (95% CI 0.32, 1.77, p=0.52). The duration of hospital stay was significantly less in the short-course antibiotic group (3.95 days) compared to the long-course antibiotic group (4.6 days) (95% CI -0.66, -0.21; p< 0.001). Conclusion: No difference between the <5-day and >5-day antibiotic course in terms of surgical site infection and intra-abdominal abscess was detected. However, the hospital stay of the Key words: Surgical wound infection, anti-bacterial agents, length of stay, appendectomy, abdominal abscess
Peranan Pendidikan Moral Dan Kontrol Diri Lawrence Kohlberg Dalam Penanggulangan Anarkhisme Remaja
Authors: Ita Wijayanti Zaenal Abidin
Published: November 2023

Tujuan tulisan ini adalah untuk memberikan pemahaman bahwa dengan pendidikan moral yang baik dan pengendalian diri akan menjadikan kekerasan sebagai perbuatan yang menghina, dapat dihindari dan merugikan, serta membantu membina remaja yang tanggap secara moral dan warga negara yang berkomitmen melakukan tindakan pemberantasan anarkisme dalam segala bentuknya sebagai tugas mereka. Metodologi tulisan ini membahas langkah-langkah mengatasi anarkisme remaja dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif, analisis induktif, dan penawaran. Hasil tulisan ini menawarkan bagaimana pandangan Lawrence Kohlberg melalui pendidikan moral dan pengendalian diri untuk dipromosikan dan menjawab tantangan yang dihadapi dalam proses menekan anarkisme remaja yang tumbuh di lingkungan menuju komunitas yang damai dan saling menghormati. Penerapan originalitas atau nilai adalah moralitas dan pengendalian diri sebagai kunci dari segala tindakan dalam hubungan manusia antar manusia, sedangkan anarkisme ternyata merupakan turunan dari sifat manusia berupa amarah yang tidak dapat dimusnahkan tetapi hanya dapat diredam . Kata Kunci: Kekerasan, Pendidikan, Moral, Anarkisme, Sosial, Kekerasan This paper aims to lead to the understanding that with good moral education and self-control will make violence an insulting, avoidable and detrimental act, as well as assist in fostering morally responsive adolescents and citizens who are committed to taking action to eradicate anarchism. in all its forms as their duty. This paper discusses steps to overcome adolescent anarchism by using qualitative methods, inductive analysis, and bidding. This paper offers how Lawrence Kohlberg's views through moral education and self-control to be promoted and answer the challenges faced in the process of suppressing adolescent anarchism that grows in an environment towards a peaceful and respectful community for each other. Applications/Originality/Value: Morality and self-control are the key to all actions in human relationships between people, while anarchism turns out to be a derivative of human nature in the form of anger that canâ€™t be destroyed but can only be suppressed. Keyword: Violence, Education, Moral, Anarchism, Social, Violence.
Peningkatan Kreativitas Seni Rupa Anak melalui Kegiatan Mencetak dengan Bahan Alam di TK Muslimat NU 02 Singorojo Kendal
Authors: Sarwono Ridha , Artisa Sari
Published: November 2023

Children's artistic creativity in TK Muslimat NU 02 Singgorojo Kendal is still relatively low, this can be seen from the initial conditions that there are still many children who cannot make simple drawings, make simple drawings and redesign simple images. The method used by the teacher is not appropriate, not in accordance with the needs and development of the child and the media used by the teacher is not attractive to be one of the causes of this condition. This study aims to increase children's artistic creativity in making simple pictures, making simple pictures and simple picture redesign activities at TK Muslimat NU 02 Singorojo Kendal. This type of research is classroom action research, where the subject of this research is the students of TK Muslimat NU 02 Singorojo Kendal, totaling 20 people. The data in this study were obtained through observation, then the data was processed and analyzed using the percentage technique. The study was carried out for two cycles, the results obtained showed that printing with natural materials could increase the creativity of fine arts in Muslimat NU 02 Singorojo Kendal Kindergarten children. Before the study, children's art skills were still low, but after going through printing activities with natural materials it was seen that there was an increase in children's artistic creativity, therefore it was suggested to teachers to be more creative in using media and it was hoped that the school could prepare infrastructure to stimulate children's development through printing activities. with other natural ingredients.Keywords: artistic creativity, printing, natural materials
Penerapaan Model Student Facilitator and Explaining (SFE) dalam Pembelajaran PPKn Kelas XI di SMA Negeri 11 Semarang
Authors: Baehaqi M. Lutfi
Published: November 2023

The implementation of Pancasilan and Citizenship Education (PPKn) learning in schools still uses the old paradigm, namely implementing the Pancasila and Citizenship Education (PPKn) learning process in conventional ways, learning only focuses on the teacher. The purpose of this study was to find out the application of the student facilitator and explaining (SFE) model in Civics learning. This type of qualitative descriptive research. The results of the study show that the application of the SFE model: (1) can be applied to achieve all KD; (2) the steps taken by Civics teachers at SMA Negeri 11 Semarang are in accordance with existing regulations, starting from the teacher conveying KD to closing; (3) Obstacles and solutions in applying the student facilitator and explaining (SFE) model in Civics learning, namely the time required is relatively long, the solution to overcome this is by forming groups and then the facilities and infrastructure are less supportive, where not all classrooms have LCD projectors available, the solution the teacher gives assignments to make a schematic or concept map from paper and styrofoam.Keywords: Student Facilitator and Explaining (SFE), learning, PPKn
Pengaruh Intensitas Belajar di Rumah terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Kelas V SDN Gedanganak 03 Ungaran
Authors: Munfaidah Hemi
Published: November 2023

This research was motivated by the lack of maximum learning outcomes in Mathematics and the low intensity of learning at home by fifth grade students at SDN Gedanganak 03 Ungaran. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not the intensity of studying at home had an effect on the mathematics learning outcomes of fifth grade students at SDN Gedanganak 03 Ungaran. The type of research used is ex post facto quantitative research. The population in this study amounted to 35 students of class V. The sampling technique used saturated sampling because all the populations in this study were used as samples. The variables studied included: the intensity of studying at home and learning outcomes of Mathematics. Data collection techniques using a questionnaire. Then the results of the data obtained were analyzed using a simple linear regression test. Based on the results of the research and after the data was analyzed, there was an effect of the intensity of studying at home on learning outcomes in Mathematics. This is shown by the results of simple linear regression, namely the value of Sign. smaller than 0.05 (0.00 <0.05) or, tcount > ttable (5.279 > 2.035). Then Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected. This means that there is a significant influence between the intensity of studying at home on the mathematics learning outcomes of fifth grade students at SDN Gedanganak 03 Ungaran.Keywords: learning intensity, home, learning outcomes, mathematics
Bentuk Perlindungan Hukum Anak terhadap Konten Berbahaya di Media Sosial
Authors: Mindyasningrum Mieke
Published: November 2023

Children are a trust from the Almighty God which we must protect in order to achieve a period of growth and development for a child to become an adult human being for a sustainable future. Apart from that, children are the hope of a nation as the next generation who are expected to become quality individuals. As the nation's next generation, children must be given full protection so that high-quality morals can be formed from an early age. Seeing developments in the current era, the development of social media is growing very rapidly, this cannot be separated from the reach of children even though it is not common. There is a lot of dangerous content on social media, especially violent and pornographic content. Legal protection for children from dangerous content on social media is still general, there are no specific and specific regulations that refer to providing legal protection for children from dangerous content on social media.Keywords: legal protection, children, dangerous content
Hubungan Konsep Diri terhadap Kepercayaan Diri Siswa Kelas XII SMA Teuku Umar Semarang
Authors: Ariyani Selgi Mei , Handayani Arri , Setiawan Agus
Published: November 2023

Research on the Relationship between Self-Concept and Self-Confidence in Class XII Students of Teuku Umar High School, Semarang motivated by the lack of self-confidence of class XII students, this is indicated by the results of the AKPD (Students Needs Questionnaire) many students still chose the item "I lack self-confidence" which received a percentage of 3.26% in the high category.The aim of this research is to find out whether there is a relationship between self-concept and the self-confidence of class XII students at SMA Teuku Umar Semarang. In this research, the method used was quantitative with correlation research type, the population in this research was 142 students. This research sample took 75% of the population so that the sample used was 106 students which was determined using a saturated sampling technique.Based on the Pearson product moment correlation test, the calculated r value is 0.467, while the r table for a sample size of 106 is 0.160. Therefore, 0.467 > 0.160, it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between self-concept and the self-confidence of class XII students at SMA Teuku Umar Semarang.This relationship shows a positive direction, because the calculated r value obtained in this study is positive. A positive relationship means that if self-concept is high then self-confidence is high, and vice versa if self-concept is low then self-confidence is low.Keywords: student, self concept, self confidence
Clinical Characteristics, Maternal and Fetal Outcomes of Pregnant Women with COVID-19
Authors: Lama Sushma , Gurung Padma , Pradhan Binita , Todi Sushila , Pradhan Malla Anagha
Published: November 2023

Background: Pregnant woman are more vulnerable to COVID infection due to physiological changes in the immune and cardiopulmonary system.  The aim of the study is to assess the clinical characteristics, maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnant patients with COVID-19 in Patan hospital.
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in Patan hospital from 1 August 2020 to 30 July 2021 following approval from ethical committee. The study population comprised of all pregnant women with COVID-19 diagnosed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction test. There were total of 171 cases. The data were obtained from medical records and hospital database system. The statistical analysis was done by using SPSS version 16.
Results: In Patan hospital, there were a total of 171 patients who were COVID-19 positive by PCR test. There were total deliveries of 4,277 during one year period and hence the incidence was 3.99%. There were 101 (59.06%) caesarean section  and   70 (40.93%) vaginal deliveries among which one was vacuum assisted delivery. There were two peripartum hysterectomies. Majority of the patients were asymptomatic, common symptoms were cough 29 (16.95%), fever 27 (15.78%) and shortness of breath 13 (7.6%). Prematurity was the common fetal complication seen in 28 (16.37%) of the cases. Maternal mortality was seen in 7 (4.09%) patients.
Conclusions: COVID-19 is associated with increase maternal morbidity and mortality. Symptoms can be from mild form to much more severe course of illness. Proper treatment and timely referral of severe cases to higher center can improve both maternal and fetal outcomes in COVID-19 in pregnancy.
Keywords: COVID-19; outcome; pregnancy; reverse transcriptase PCR
Awareness and Practice of Family Planning Methods among Women in Jumla - A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Shahi Nabina , Timalsina Indira
Published: November 2023

Background: The family planning methods are used to help individual and couples to avoid unwanted pregnancies, regulate interval between pregnancies, and determine the number of children to be given birth. Family planning is an effective intervention for promoting maternal health, but its acceptability and utilization are obstructed by many factors.

Objective: This study is carried out to assess the awareness and practice of family planning methods among women in Chandannath Municipality Jumla.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted through face-to-face interview using structured and semi structured questionnaire among 64 women. This study was conducted after getting ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee of Karnali Academy of Health Sciences. Data was analysed by using Statistical Package of Social Sciences version 16. Descriptive analysis (Frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (chi-square) was used.

Results: Out of 64 respondents, (51.60%) respondents had adequate awareness; (46.90%) were current family planning methods users. Level of awareness was not significantly associated with their practice of family planning methods. P=0.216.

Conclusion: This study demonstrates that more than half of the respondents had adequate awareness and nearly half of the respondents were current users of family planning methods. There is no association between awareness and practice of family planning methods.

Keyword: Awareness; family planning methods; practice; women.
Institutionalization of Minimum Service Standards (MSS) for Health Facilities in Nepal:
Authors: Thapa Pachya Ambika , Pachya Uttam , Amgain Kapil , Upadhyaya Madan Kumar
Published: November 2023

Access to health facilities alone, without quality services, does more harm than the benefit to the people’s health. Nepal has invested more than two decades in expansion of number of health facilities and the journey is still on to balance level of health facilities based on the federal structure. Institutionalization of Minimum Service Standards (MSS) for health facilities in Nepal implemented by Ministry of Health and Population is an exemplary Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle for health facilities readiness and service availability for quality improvement. From its design, development, stakeholders’ engagement, implementation to development of action plan makes MSS lively and outcome oriented tool. MSS for health facilities in Nepal is an effort of government to prepare foundation of readiness and service availability to move ahead with effective quality service utilization. Digitalization of the all sets of MSS, development of MSS to cover the existing type of the health facilities currently present in the country and access of data set for researchers is the way forward. Developing standards for national accreditation system and international collaboration is the next step to embrace. Furthermore, MSS gradually reported through self assessment of the health facilities with occasional monitoring by the local, provincial and federal government and gap fulfillment through routine annual work plan and budgeting is the future direction.  It is high time MoHP moves ahead with service specific quality improvement tools integrated with MSS assessment prepare them for high quality health systems that can adapt to changing health needs and health shocks.
Endocrinologic Outcome Following Endonasal Transphenoidal Excision of Growth Hormone Secreting Pituitary Adenomas
Authors: Aafee Ali , Khambu Bikesh , Jha Rajiv , Bista Prakash
Published: November 2023

Background: Endonasal Transphenoidal Approach for excision of pituitary adenomas has been gaining popularity over the traditional microsurgical approach. The objective of this study is to assess the rate of hormonal recovery following endonasal transphenoidal excision of growth hormone secreting pituitary macroadenoma in out center.
Methods: In this prospective observational study all cases subjected to endonasal transphenoidal excision of growth hormone secreting pituitary adenoma, during the study period from January 2019 to December 2020 at National Neurosurgical Referral Center, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu were included in this study. Preoperative and postoperative patient characteristics were recorded. Hormonal remission was defined as normal insulin-like growth factor-1 level at 3 months follow-up.
Results: A total of 24 cases were included. The mean age of acromegaly cases was 39.42±10.41 years (24-56 years), with male to female ratio of 0.71:1. Majority (9) of cases had a Knosp grade 1.Thirteen cases had a Wilson-Hardy Extension Grade 0. Majority (11) of cases had a Wilson-Hardy Invasion Grade I. Three cases developed post-operative CSF leak, which recovered after lumbar drainage with no sequel. Five cases developed epistaxis which resolved with nasal packing. Sixty three percent (15 cases) had normal IGF-1 levels at 3 months follow up.
Conclusion: Endoscopic endonasal transphenoidal approach to excision of growth hormone secreting pituitary adenomas is a safe and effective modality at achieving hormonal control in our setting.
Readmission for Morbidities among Postpartum Women in a Tertiary Hospital of Kathmandu
Authors: Ojha Bijay , Pokharel Sunil Mani , Silwal Ajita
Published: November 2023

Background: Postpartum period is a critical stage where the majority of the maternal mortality occurs. Major obstetric morbidities during this period include postpartum haemorrhage, puerperal pyrexia, and sepsis, and pregnancy induced hypertension. The objective of this study was to find out the morbidities in postpartum women readmitted following discharge from the hospital after delivery.
Methods: It was conducted as a hospital-based descriptive study at Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital (PMWH), Thapathali, Kathmandu. Ethical clearance was obtained from Institutional Review Board (IRB) of National Academy of Medical Sciences (NAMS). The total population enumeration technique was used to collect the data for a period of three months.  A Standard Performa containing socio demographic characteristics, causes of readmission, complications during pregnancy, time interval of readmission and outcome of readmission was prepared which include relevant points according to the objective of the study. Data analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences 16. Descriptive statistics (frequency, percent, mean, standard deviation and range) were used to analyse the data.
Results: The incidence of postpartum readmission was 1.0% of total deliveries with 58 women being readmitted. More than two-fifth (29, 43.9%) were readmitted due to abdominal and perineal wound infections followed by urinary tract infections (8, 12.1%). Hypertension, puerperal pyrexia, secondary postpartum haemorrhage were other conditions requiring readmission in postpartum period.
Conclusion: The study concluded that the women were readmitted during their postpartum period for multiple causes, wound infection being the most common. The quality of postnatal care including proper examination before discharge is necessary to ensure reduction in the readmission rate.
Problematic Internet Use in Undergraduate Health Science Students at a Remote Place of Nepal: a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Jha Jay Prakash , Pun Dilli Bahadur , Amgain Kapil , Chaudhary Hiramani Prasad
Published: November 2023

Background: Problematic internet use (PIU) is a growing concern among teenage and college students. Excessive internet use has detrimental effects on physical and mental health. This study aims to assess the computer usage pattern and calculate the frequency of PIU in undergraduate health science students at Karnali Academy of Health Sciences, Jumla, a remote place of Nepal.
Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted from October to November 2022. Data were collected from all the undergraduate students who consented to participate. The questionnaire included students’ computer-related behaviours. PIU was defined as a score of 42 or above on the PIU questionnaire. Data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical statistics, keeping p value <0.05 as significant.
Results: Among 127 students, majority used smartphones and laptops, primarily for social media. The mean duration of internet use was 6.09±2.63 years, with an average daily use of 2.54±2.05 hours on weekdays and 3.88±2.2 hours on weekends. The prevalence of PIU among the participants was 43.3%, which was not significantly different by gender (p=0.094). The PIU score was positively correlated with annual income of family, years of internet use, and daily screen and internet use time (p<0.05).
Conclusion: PIU is prevalent among undergraduate health science students at Karnali Academy. The findings emphasize the need for awareness, guidance, and proper planning to promote healthy internet usage habits among students. Educational institutions should play an active role in implementing strategies to address PIU and support students for a healthy internet use.
Seasonal Patterns of Peak Expiratory Flow Rate in Young Healthy Individuals
Authors: Mahotra Narayan , Chaudhary Sonam , Pradhan Sait
Published: November 2023

Background: The seasonal changes are associated with changes in pulmonary functions including Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR). These changes are different among different population and location. This study thus aimed to evaluate the seasonal variations in PEFR among healthy young individuals in Kathmandu.
Methods: A comaparative study was carried out among 60 undergraduate medical students of Maharajgunj Medical Campus in the department of Clinical Physiology. The students were selected by convenient sampling technique and after obtaining the informed consent, the PEFR was recorded with the help of Wright’s peak flow meter with proper training. The PEFR was recorded two times i.e. morning and daytime hours in winter season (January-February) 2023 and also in same daily hours of summer season (May-June) 2023 in the same participants. The data were analyzed using SPSS-16 version and the paired T test was used to compare the mean changes in PEFR in winter and in summer seasons.
Results: The PEFR in summer morning (499.50±89.50 L/min) was recorded higher than in winter morning (487.50±86.09 L/min) among total participants and also in male participants (567.33±69.34; 550.83±69.58) which was statistically significant with P value <0.05. Similarly, the PEFR in summer daytime (505.08±88.85 L/min) was comparatively more than in winter daytime (491.27±92.07 L/min) which was statistically significant among all participants with P value <0.05. The PEFR in the winter and summer seasons of male participants and in the summer of total participants showed the existence of diurnal variation which was statistically significant.
Conclusions: There is seasonal variation as well as diurnal variations of PEFR. So, the clinicians should be aware that the PEFR recorded in winter season and in the morning time might be less than that recorded in the summer and at the daytime respectively.
Tanggung Jawab Orangtua Katolik dalam Pendidikan Iman Anak di Stasi Santo Yosef Kampung Baru
Authors: Irim Rosalina Serly
Published: November 2023

This study aims to find out the forms of Catholic Parental Responsibility in Children's Faith Education, specifically in the field of koinonia, diakonia, and kerygma, which includes the forms of Catholic parental responsibility in children's faith education and the difficulties and challenges experienced by them. Catholic parents at St. Joseph Station Kampung Baru. This study uses a qualitative approach, observation, documentation and interviews from twelve informants are used to collect data. The results of this study indicate that responsibility is in various fields, such as koinonia which involves coaching in the form of gathering together in the family, giving advice on living in harmony, and teaching the values of mutual love; diakonia which includes coaching in terms of helping others, participating in church activities, and being involved in housework; as well as kerygma which prioritizes coaching such as reading and understanding the holy scriptures, giving reflections, and telling religious stories. However, several obstacles were also found, such as a lack of time between parents and children due to each other's busyness, challenges in managing time due to activities and work, and limited parental knowledge.
Crónica de la I Jornada de Estudios Culturales de GAME: recorridos, intervalos e implícitos
Authors: Pujol Cristina
Published: November 2023

El primer Seminario de Estudios Culturales de GAME (Grupo de Investigación en Aprendizajes, Medios y Entretenimiento) permitió poner en común proyectos, debates e ideas alrededor de un campo de investigación que permite articular el pensamiento con la intervención política y social. La ponencia principal corrió a cargo de Toby Miller, que puso sobre la mesa los elementos para definir los estudios culturales a partir de dos autores: el filósofo Bruno Latour y el historiador Roger Chartier.
El régimen digital (2): del apocalipsis ‘en serie’ a la angustia del día a día
Authors: Gozalo Salellas Ignasi
Published: November 2023

Las nuevas tecnologías no solo ofrecen un control inédito sobre nuestras vidas, sino que condicionan las conductas. La nueva fiebre contemporánea por las narrativas apocalípticas se diferencia de una tradición que es tan antigua como lo son la literatura, el cine y la radio por un hecho escalofriante: las formas apocalípticas actuales se producen en la esfera de lo real o, incluso, la superan mediante tecnologías como los videojuegos o la inteligencia artificial.
Effect of single vacancy defects on two-dimensional δ-InSe stability
Authors: Miao Rui-Xia , Wang Ye-Fei , Xie Miao-Chun , Zhang De-Dong ,   College of Electronic Engineering, Xi’an University of Posts & Telecommunications, Xi’an 710121, China
Published: November 2023

The two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor material of InSe has received much attention due to its excellent electrical properties and moderate adjustable bandgap. The vacancy defects in the material affect not only the optical and electrical properties, but also the environmental stability. Compared with other phases in InSe materials, δ-InSe has superior material properties, however, the effect of environment on this material stabilityhas not been reported. In this work, we systematically investigate the stability of 2D δ-InSe material under oxygen environment based on density functional theory. The results are shown below. Firstly, in an oxygen environment, the perfect δ-InSe surface exhibits good inertness and stability, for O2 molecules need to overcome an exceptionally high energy barrier of 1.827 eV from physical adsorption to chemical adsorption on its surface. Secondly, the presence of Se vacancies (VSe) promotes the oxidation reaction of δ-InSe, which only requires overcoming a low energy barrier of 0.044 eV. This suggests that the stability of δ-InSe in an oxygen environment is significantly reduced because of the presence of VSe. The O2 molecules oxidized δ-InSe monolayer is beneficial to the dissociation and adsorption of H2O molecules. Finally, the oxidation rate of δ-InSe with In vacancies (VIn) is slower, with the adsorption energy and charge transfer involved in the physical adsorption of O2 molecules on the VIn surface being similar to those on a perfect surface. The oxidation process needs to overcome a higher energy barrier of 1.234 eV. The findings of this study will provide theoretical guidance for better understanding the oxidation behavior of single vacancy defects in monolayer δ-InSe, and reference for experimental preparation of high-reliability 2D δ-InSe devices.
A single-cell atlas depicting the cellular and molecular features in human anterior cruciate ligamental degeneration: A single cell combined spatial transcriptomics study
Authors: Yang Runze , Xu Tianhao , Zhang Lei , Ge Minghao , Yan Liwei , Li Jian , Fu Weili
Published: November 2023

Background:

To systematically identify cell types in the human ligament, investigate how ligamental cell identities, functions, and interactions participated in the process of ligamental degeneration, and explore the changes of ligamental microenvironment homeostasis in the disease progression.

Methods:

Using single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial RNA sequencing of approximately 49,356 cells, we created a comprehensive cell atlas of healthy and degenerated human anterior cruciate ligaments. We explored the variations of the cell subtypes’ spatial distributions and the different processes involved in the disease progression, linked them with the ligamental degeneration process using computational analysis, and verified findings with immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent staining.

Results:

We identified new fibroblast subgroups that contributed to the disease, mapped out their spatial distribution in the tissue and revealed two dynamic trajectories in the process of the degenerative process. We compared the cellular interactions between different tissue states and identified important signaling pathways that may contribute to the disease.

Conclusions:

This cell atlas provides the molecular foundation for investigating how ligamental cell identities, biochemical functions, and interactions contributed to the ligamental degeneration process. The discoveries revealed the pathogenesis of ligamental degeneration at the single-cell and spatial level, which is characterized by extracellular matrix remodeling. Our results provide new insights into the control of ligamental degeneration and potential clues to developing novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Funding:

This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81972123, 82172508, 82372490) and 1.3.5 Project for Disciplines of Excellence of West China Hospital Sichuan University (ZYJC21030, ZY2017301).
Computational analysis of long-range allosteric communications in CFTR
Authors: Ayca Ersoy , Bengi Altintel , Nurit Livnat Levanon , Nir Ben-Tal , Turkan Haliloglu , Oded Lewinson
Published: November 2023

Malfunction of the CFTR protein results in cystic fibrosis, one of the most common hereditary diseases. CFTR functions as an anion channel, the gating of which is controlled by long- range allosteric communications. Allostery also has direct bearings on CF treatment: the most effective CFTR drugs modulate its activity allosterically. Herein, we integrated Gaussian Network Model, Transfer Entropy, and Anisotropic Normal Mode-Langevin dynamics and investigated the allosteric communications network of CFTR. The results are in remarkable agreement with experimental observations and mutational analysis and provide extensive novel insight. We identified residues that serve as pivotal allosteric sources and transducers, many of which correspond to disease causing mutations. We find that in the ATP-free form, dynamic fluctuations of the residues that comprise the ATP binding sites facilitate the initial binding of the nucleotide. Subsequent binding of ATP then brings to the fore and focuses dynamic fluctuations that were present in a latent and diffuse form in the absence of ATP. We demonstrate that drugs that potentiate CFTR’s conductance do so not by directly acting on the gating residues, but rather by mimicking the allosteric signal sent by the ATP binding sites. We have also uncovered a previously undiscovered allosteric “hotspot” located proximal to the docking site of the phosphorylated Regulatory (R) domain, thereby establishing a molecular foundation for its phosphorylation- dependent excitatory role. This study unveils the molecular underpinnings of allosteric connectivity within CFTR and highlights a novel allosteric “hotspot” that could serve as a promising target for the development of novel therapeutic interventions.
Avoiding false discoveries: Revisiting an Alzheimer’s disease snRNA-Seq dataset
Authors: Murphy Alan E , Fancy Nurun Nahar , Skene Nathan G
Published: November 2023

Mathys
et al
., conducted the first single-nucleus RNA-Seq study (snRNA-Seq) of Alzheimer’s disease (AD)
1
. The authors profiled the transcriptomes of approximately 80,000 cells from the prefrontal cortex, collected from 48 individuals – 24 of which presented with varying degrees of AD pathology. With bulk RNA-Seq, changes in gene expression across cell types can be lost, potentially masking the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) across different cell types. Through the use of single-cell techniques, the authors benefitted from increased resolution with the potential to uncover cell type-specific DEGs in AD for the first time
2
. However, there were limitations in both their data processing and quality control and their differential expression analysis. Here, we correct these issues and use best-practice approaches to snRNA-Seq differential expression, resulting 549 times fewer differentially expressed genes at a false discovery rate (FDR) of 0.05.