bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Expanding the Areas of Attraction of Solutions to Singularly Perturbed Equations
Authors: Kurmanov U.
Published: September 2024

The article analyzes the state and development prospects of the transport and logistics system of automobile transport in the Kyrgyz Republic. The authors consider the key features of the functioning of the automobile sector in the context of the country’s transition economy. The work assesses the current state of automobile transportation of goods and passengers, examines the main problems hindering the increase in the efficiency of the transport and logistics system. These include low technical equipment of the vehicle fleet, insufficient development of the logistics infrastructure, imperfection of legal regulation, personnel shortage. The authors propose a set of measures aimed at modernizing and optimizing the functioning of automobile transport in Kyrgyzstan. Among the key areas are the renewal of the vehicle fleet, the development of a network of logistics centers and multimodal transportation, the introduction of information technologies in transportation management, and the improvement of state regulation of the industry. According to the authors, the implementation of the proposed measures will contribute to increasing the competitiveness and customer focus of automobile transport in the Kyrgyz Republic, which in turn will have a positive impact on the development of the national economy.
Legal Status of Convicted Persons
Authors: Orozbaeva Zh.
Published: September 2024

The legal status of persons serving a sentence of imprisonment is the most understudied topic in domestic legal science. Since in its content the legal status of convicts is the most complex system covering various branches of law. A more detailed study of the conceptual categories of legal status allows us to reveal the most meaningful aspects of the legal status of convicts. The article attempts to characterize the most essential features of the legal status of persons serving a sentence.
Relationship of Suicidal Tendencies and Drug Dependence: Analysis of Causes and Approaches to Prevention
Authors: Akmatova A.
Published: September 2024

The relevance of the article is due to the high mortality rate among drug addicts and the severe mental and social consequences of drugs. Understanding the causes and factors that contribute to suicidal behavior among drug addicts is key to developing effective prevention and rehabilitation programs. The author focuses on the alarming aspect of drug addiction — the high risk of suicidal tendencies among drug addicts. Drug addiction is often accompanied by severe mental disorders such as depression, anxiety disorders and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). These disorders, in turn, increase suicidal thoughts and behavior. In the article, the author provides a scientific review of existing research on the relationship between drug addiction and suicidal thoughts and behavior. Based on a study of international experience, the importance of family and community support in preventing suicide attempts is noted. Based on the results obtained, conclusions are formulated based on reviews of psychological, social and biological factors contributing to suicide risk among drug addicts, aimed at evaluating existing suicide prevention programs among drug addicts. The main provisions and conclusions can be used when studying the issue of preserving the institution of family, noting the importance of family and public support in preventing suicide attempts. Drug addiction poses one of the most serious threats to the health and well-being of society.
Internet Fraud in the Illegal Sale of Drugs Containing Narcotic Drugs
Authors: Akmatova A.
Published: September 2024

The article considers the current problem of Internet fraud in the context of the illegal sale of drugs containing narcotics. The main methods and techniques by which criminals use the network to sell illegal substances, bypassing legislative restrictions, are analyzed. The features of Internet fraud associated with the illegal sale of drugs containing narcotics are investigated. Common fraud schemes used by criminals in the online space, such as fake online pharmacies, fake sites and hidden platforms on the darknet, are considered. The legal and ethical aspects of this phenomenon are highlighted, and measures to combat Internet fraud in this area are proposed. The study is based on the analysis of legislation, judicial practice and academic sources, which allows us to identify key challenges and recommendations for improving law and order in the online sale of narcotic drugs.
Application and Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence in Personalized Learning
Authors: Wang Jingyao
Published: September 2024

The application of artificial intelligence (AI) in personalized learning has demonstrated remarkable advantages, including intelligent assessment, resource recommendation, and teaching optimization, effectively enhancing learning outcomes and engagement. However, this process has also revealed several issues. Firstly, technical challenges and limitations hinder AI's ability to fully adapt to each student's individual needs, requiring further improvements in algorithm accuracy and reliability. Secondly, data privacy and security issues have become increasingly prominent, necessitating robust measures to protect student data from misuse and leakage. Lastly, challenges in the educational system and mindset must be addressed, focusing on how to integrate AI technology into traditional education models while maintaining teaching quality. To address these issues, continuous research and development, enhanced data protection, and the updating of educational systems and mindsets are required to fully harness the potential of AI in personalized learning.
The Role of Practical Training in the Development of Special Competencies for Future Speech Therapists
Authors: Nurlanova A.
Published: September 2024

The article examines the importance of practical training in the educational training of future speech therapists. Various forms of practical training, such as laboratory work, clinical practice and simulation training, and their impact on the development of special competencies are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the integration of theoretical knowledge and practical skills, as well as the development of professional thinking and independence of students. The results of an empirical study confirming the effectiveness of practical training in the formation of skills necessary for the successful professional activity of speech therapists are presented. The conclusions of the article emphasize the need to strengthen the practical component in educational programs for the training of highly qualified specialists in the field of speech therapy.
Modern Health-saving Pedagogical Technologies in Preschool Educational Institutions
Authors: Kaldybaeva A. , Koshalieva S.
Published: September 2024

The article discusses modern health-saving pedagogical technologies used in preschool educational institutions (preschool educational institutions), such as kinesiology, Pilates and art therapy. These methods are aimed at the comprehensive development of children, their physical and psycho-emotional health, and contribute to the formation of a healthy lifestyle and harmonious personality development from an early age.
Innovative Approaches to the Training of Social Workers for Work with Psychoactive Substance Dependence: An Interdisciplinary Strategy
Authors: Bakirova Zh. , Shailoobekkyzy A. , Omurova Zh.
Published: September 2024

The article analyzes the need for implementing an interdisciplinary approach in the education of social workers specializing in assisting individuals, including those dependent on psychoactive substances and those living with HIV. The main focus is on integrating knowledge from medicine, psychology, law, and social work to improve the quality of training and enhance the professional competencies of these specialists. The study highlights existing deficiencies in the educational programs for social workers in the Kyrgyz Republic, particularly in addressing the specific needs of individuals dependent on psychoactive substances. The article proposes an educational module (a teaching and methodological complex) designed to fill the gaps in the education of social workers in the field of addiction services. The pilot testing of this educational module showed its relevance and effectiveness in raising the level of knowledge on issues related to addiction, methods of providing social support, and social accompaniment. It is important to note that the interdisciplinary approach, which combines theoretical knowledge with practical training, helps in understanding the complexities of the issue and improves the outcomes of social adaptation for individuals with psychoactive substance dependence. The main conclusion of the article is that the use of innovative educational models (teaching modules) significantly enhances the quality of social work within the continuum of addiction services. The author stresses the importance of further developing and implementing such educational programs/modules for social workers, as this will overall improve the rehabilitation and socialization process for individuals with psychoactive substance dependence.
Materials of the Study on the Formation of Social Competence in Future College Educators
Authors: Zharmukhamedova R. , Kaldybaeva A. , Ermenova B.
Published: September 2024

The article is dedicated to the study of the formation of social competence in future educators within the context of modern education. It examines key methods and approaches used for developing social skills in college students, including case methods, problem-based learning, project work, and mentoring. The influence of personal qualities such as empathy, responsibility, and self-regulation on the success of pedagogical activities is analyzed. The article also discusses the characteristics of the contemporary educational context, including the requirements of digital communication and cultural diversity. The findings of the study confirm the effectiveness of a comprehensive approach that combines theoretical knowledge with practical skills, aimed at preparing students for professional pedagogical practice.
The Effectiveness of the Implemented Experimental Program Aimed at Developing Social Competence in Future Educators
Authors: Zharmukhamedova R. , Kaldybaeva A. , Ermenova B.
Published: September 2024

The article examines the effectiveness of an implemented experimental program aimed at developing social competence in future educators. The program was designed to enhance key aspects of social competence, including communication skills, emotional self-regulation, and the ability to engage in constructive interaction. The article details the goals and objectives of the program, as well as the methodological approach used in its implementation. It discusses the teaching methods applied, such as training sessions, role-playing, and group discussions, which facilitated the development of social skills among participants. The effectiveness of the program is analyzed based on various criteria, including survey results, testing, and observations of participants' behavior. The achieved results are described, including improvements in communication skills, increased self-esteem, and better adaptation to the socio-cultural environment. The article also addresses the challenges and limitations encountered during the experiment and offers recommendations for further refinement of the program. The research findings underscore the importance of a comprehensive approach to developing social competence in future educators and its impact on their professional growth. Future research directions in this field are discussed, including the implementation of new methodological approaches and the expansion of the program to other participant groups.
Inter-national and Inter-ethnic Tolerance Formed Among the People of Azerbaijan
Authors: Tagiyeva R.
Published: September 2024

Azerbaijan is one of the most multi-ethnic and minority nations, as well as ethnic groups, living together in the world. More than 50 local and at the same time representatives of small ethnic peoples live in the territory of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The people of Azerbaijan have a rich historical experience in the field of development and support of interethnic relations and multiculturalism. The President of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Mr. Ilham Aliyev, has repeatedly stated that Azerbaijan is a tolerant state, all peoples live in peace and security in Azerbaijan.
Population Longevity Trends in the Republic of Uzbekistan
Authors: Abdiraimova Sh.
Published: September 2024

A scientific analysis of the trends in longevity of the population in the Republic of Uzbekistan was conducted. Various approaches to the classification of old age of human life, the study of longevity in scientific subjects, the results of research conducted by specialists in this field, the main characteristics of various factors affecting longevity were covered. The indicators of old age and life expectancy in the Republic and regions were studied. Including: longevity indicators for the entire population, longevity indicators for men and women, an index, a longevity table in the Republic of Uzbekistan were calculated, and an assessment of the socio-demographic situation in the regions was given.
Educational Poets of Uzbekistan and Indonesia: Usman Nasir and Chairil Anwar.
Authors: Turdiev S.
Published: September 2024

The subjects of our research are Usman Nasir (1913-1944) and Chairil Anwar (1922-1949). Comparative study of Uzbek poet Usman Nasir and Indonesian poet Chairil Anwar allows us to uncover hidden truths of both history and literature. Comparative study can explore the remarkable similarities and features much more deeply than studying just one thing. In addition, not only will the literature of the two countries be renewed, but literary cooperation between the two countries will be strengthened. During the short lives of these two poets — about thirty years apart — they left behind original works that contributed to the rich literary heritage of their country. They were able to capture the suffering of their people in writing. They were also punished for using such bitter words. However, they continued to create until the very end of their lives.
Fire needle therapy for the treatment of cancer pain: a protocol for the systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Junning , Ren Yuehan , Wu Weizhen , Yuan Yi , Wang Jiale , Tang Yi , Zhou Yunqiao , Qiao Yizhuo , Liu Baoqin
Published: September 2024

Background

Cancer patients frequently suffer pain as one of their symptoms. It includes acute and chronic pain and is one of the most feared symptoms for patients. About one-third of adults actively undergoing cancer treatment suffer from pain related to their condition. Cancer pain control remains suboptimal due to a lack of assessment, knowledge, and access. Fire needle therapy, a traditional Chinese medicine, offers a potentially beneficial addition to current pain management approaches. This protocol outlines a systematic review and meta-analysis to compile evidence and examine the pain-relieving effects and safety of fire needle therapy for cancer patients.

Methods and analysis

We will systematically search China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, China Biology Medicine disc (CBM), China Science and Technology Journal Database (CSTJ or VIP), PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Chictr), Opengrey, Worldcat, and Scopus from inception through July 2023. Random control trials (RCTs) include all types of cancer patients (age ≥ 18 years) complaining of pain. The primary outcome will be changes in pain intensity measured by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), Neuropathic Pain Scale (NPS), or Brief Pain Inventory (BPI). Secondary outcomes include quality of life (EORTC QLQ-C30 and GCQ), performance status (KPS), times of burst pain, treatment response rate, the dose reduction of analgesic drugs, and side effects rates. Utilizing the Cochrane risk bias measurement tool: Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2), the trials’ quality will be evaluated, and meta-analysis will be performed using RevMan software (version 5.4).

Discussion

This systematic review will be the first comprehensive review of the literature to provide a meta-analysis of fire needle therapy for cancer pain, including only Random control trials (RCTs). For the sake of transparency and to avoid future duplication, the publication of this protocol offers a clear illustration of the procedures utilized in this evaluation. The results of our future studies may provide a new approach and theoretical basis for the treatment of cancer pain by medical oncology professionals.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023418609.
Are farmer organizations effective intermediaries and facilitators of agricultural innovations processes? Evidence from Tunisia
Authors: Ouerghemmi Hassen , Frija Aymen , Souissi Asma , Carpentier Irène , Shiri Zahra , Dhehibi Boubaker , Rejeb Hichem
Published: September 2024

Integration of productivity, resource management, and institutional innovations is crucial across different system levels. Traditional research and extension services face challenges in disseminating innovations effectively, leading to the emergence of the agricultural innovation system (AIS) approach. AIS involves collaboration among various stakeholders to improve the technological, managerial, and institutional aspects of agriculture. Intermediary actors play a pivotal role in facilitating innovation exchange and learning processes. In Tunisia, farmer organizations (FOs) such as Groupements de Développement Agricole (GDAs) and Sociétés Mutuelles de Services Agricoles (SMSAs) are key intermediaries. However, there is a lack of comprehensive assessments of FOs' innovation roles, which this study aims to address using the social network analysis (SNA) method. The findings aim to shed light on FOs' effectiveness as innovation intermediaries and identify potential challenges and benefits associated with their roles in innovation processes through the comparison of three farmers' groups divided by their membership status to detect the effect of FO presence or absence on innovation facilitation and actor's configuration. The studied sample involves 592 farmers from the Kef and Siliana governorates in northwestern Tunisia. The results show that FOs are playing a crucial role in facilitating collaboration and knowledge exchange among farmers and other agricultural actors. However, their effectiveness varies depending on membership status and is always contextually influenced. While FOs contribute to reshaping sales channels and optimizing access to services, they face limitations in promoting inclusivity and equitable knowledge sharing. The recommendations include strengthening FOs' social dimension, addressing trust barriers, and investing in reinforcement measures, especially in human capital, to enhance their functionality. Strengthening measures can take many forms, such as facilitating regulation and investing in capacity building. Long-term strategies should re-evaluate the effectiveness of collective action and focus on fostering a culture of shared learning and local empowerment.
Peanut Pickup Combine Harvester Seedling Vines Crushing Mechanism Performance Enhancement and Pilot Studies
Authors: Zhang Jinbiao , Zhao Zhuang , Gao Zenghui , Tian Yu , Wang Dongwei , Xu Nan
Published: September 2024

Aiming at the current peanut pickup combine harvester seedling vines crushing mechanism operation qualified seedling length rate is low, the impurity rate is high, and the seedling vines crushing mechanism is optimized design. On the basis of the material characteristics of peanut seedling vines, taking the crushing mechanism as the research carrier, the interaction mechanism of the seedling vine mechanism was analyzed. Establish the mechanical model and motion trajectory model in the crushing process, simulate the peanut seedling vines crushing process based on the discrete element method, analyze the influence of the cutter shaft rotational speed, movement speed, and bending angle on the crushing of peanut seedling vines, and establish the regression model, and the results of the research show that the influence factors in the main order of priority are: knife shaft speed > movement speed > bending angle The optimal parameter combination is knife shaft speed 2171.94 r/min, movement speed 0.79 m/s, and bending angle 45°. According to the field test conditions, it is determined that the knife shaft rotational speed of 2170 r/min, movement speed of 0.8 m/s, and bending angle of 45° can make the peanut seedling vines crushing mechanism of the work performance to achieve a qualified seedling length rate of 97.292%, the rate of impurity content of 2.746%, and the error with the predicted value is less than 2%, which indicates that this study can provide a reference for the optimal design of the seedling vines crushing mechanism of the peanut pickup combine harvester.
Clinical pharmacologist. Consulting medical specialists and patients on selection and use of medications
Authors:   FSAEI HE Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Titarenko A. F. ,   KSMA — branch of the FSBEI CPE RMACPE of the Ministry of Health of Russia,   RMACPE of the Ministry of Health of Russia 3SAHI Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary named after Professor M. Z. Sigal, Khaziakhmetova V. N. ,   FSAEI HE Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University; KSMA — branch of the FSBEI CPE RMACPE of the Ministry of Health of Russia; SAHI City Clinic No. 7, Maksimov M. L. ,   KSMA — branch of the FSBEI CPE RMACPE of the Ministry of Health of Russia; Institute of Pharmacy and Medical Chemistry, FSAEI HE Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Zvegintseva А. А. ,   KSMA — branch of the FSBEI CPE RMACPE of the Ministry of Health of Russia; SAHI City Clinical Hospital No. 7 named after M. N. Sadykov, Kazan
Published: September 2024

Clinical pharmacology as a separate field of medicine has existed for over 40 years. Currently, the main part of the work of a clinical pharmacologist in a medical institution is the correct choice of an efficient and safe drug in the treatment of a disease in a particular patient using informative criteria for assessing the effectiveness and safety of pharmacotherapy. Comprehensive work to optimize pharmacotherapy, carried out at all stages of a medical institution, allows the clinical pharmacologist to contribute to enhancing the quality of medical care and improving the drug provision to patients. The authors analyzed the main areas of activity of clinical pharmacologists and various aspects of their activities.
Organization of clinical pharmacology service in a medical institution
Authors:   FSAEI HE Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Khaziakhmetova V. N. ,   KSMA — branch of the FSBEI CPE RMACPE of the Ministry of Health of Russia,   SAHI City Clinic No. 7, Titarenko A. F. ,   FSAEI HE Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University; KSMA — branch of the FSBEI CPE RMACPE of the Ministry of Health of Russia; SAHI Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary named after Professor M. Z. Sigal, Maksimov M. L. ,   KSMA — branch of the FSBEI CPE RMACPE of the Ministry of Health of Russia; FSBEI HE Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Shikaleva А. А. ,   FSBEI CPE RMACPE of the Ministry of Health of Russia
Published: September 2024

The authors analyzed and described the main stages of organizing the clinical pharmacology service in a medical institution, the rules for organizing the activities of the office of a clinical pharmacologist, the recommended staffing standards for the office of a clinical pharmacologist, the standard of equipment for the office of a clinical pharmacologist, the rules for organizing the activities of the clinical pharmacology department, recommended staffing and equipment standards for the clinical pharmacology department, responsibilities of a clinical pharmacologist, documentation for organizing the clinical pharmacology service, as well as requirements for equipping a pharmacologist’s workplace. The work is of practical importance when organizing a clinical pharmacology service in a medical organization.
Digitalization of medicine in Russia in 2024–2025: trends and challenges
Authors:   ООО «Invitro», ООО «UNIM», Kozlova M. D.
Published: September 2024

The digital transformation of healthcare is gaining momentum around the world, and Russia does not remain aloof from this global stage of development. Mariya Dmitrievna Kozlova, the director of the Product Department of the medical company Invitro, an expert in the field of business and medical technologies, ex-managing and commercial director of the medical technology company UNIM, and a winner of the grant program of the Skolkovo School of Management and UMNIK, spoke about trends and prospects in Russian medicine.
Prospects for implementing regional project «Development of export of medical services in the Samara Region»
Authors:   Volga State University of Service of the Ministry of Health of the Samara Region, Alekseeva N. D. , Sirotko I. I. ,   Volga State University of Service of the Ministry of Health of the Samara Region, Bulkhina G. R. ,   Volga State University of Service of the Ministry of Health of the Samara Region, Bulkhin R. I. ,   Volga State University of Service of the Ministry of Health of the Samara Region
Published: September 2024

The article presents the data on the implementation of the regional project "Development of export of medical services in the Samara Region" based on the results of 2019-2023. The analysis of the main risk factors and the main hurdles that have arisen in recent years for the implementation of this project has been carried out. Using the case of a separate multidisciplinary hospital in the Samara Region, the analysis of indicators for hospitalization in a 24-hour hospital was carried out, taking into account the proportion of patients from other regions and foreigners. The main possible channels for attracting the flow of foreign patients to the Samara Region have been identified. Taking into consideration the analysis, the prospects for the implementation of the federal project at the regional level are determined.
Occupational bronchial asthma: a clinician’s view
Authors:   FSBEI HE Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Babanov S. A.
Published: September 2024

The author provides an overview of the etiological factors and classification of occupational bronchial asthma and describes the coding of occupational asthma according to ICD 10, the pathogenesis of the disease, the clinical picture, and the diagnostic procedure. The work presents contraindications for admission to work and the procedure for conducting a medical and social examination; the recommendations for patient rehabilitation are provided.
Vibration disease: history of study, classification concepts, diagnosis, examination issues
Authors:   FSBEI HE Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Babanov S. A.
Published: September 2024

The author provides a detailed overview of sources devoted to the study of various aspects related to vibration disease. Particular attention is paid to various forms of classification of the disease and diagnosing methods, including differential diagnosis. The relationship between the development of the disease and the patient’s occupation is presented.
Occupational reproductive risks and expert examination issues in industrial medicine
Authors:   FSBEI HE Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Babanov S.A.
Published: September 2024

Currently, in the context of a decrease in the working-age population in the Russian Federation, associated with a birth rate decline and an increase in mortality, protecting the reproductive health of the population is the crucial area of state policy that determines the national security of Russia. An important aspect in preserving reproductive potential and increasing the birth rate is the prevention and treatment of occupational damage to the reproductive health in women working under conditions of exposure to leading reprotoxicants. The article is devoted to assessing the role of occupational risk factors in the formation of reproductive health of female workers.
Possibilities of software integration as a telemedicine solution
Authors:   FSAEI HE I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Budanova A.Sh. , Kirkina E.G. ,   FSAEI HE I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow; AO Research and Manufacturing Company "Dom Farmatsii", Kuzmolovsky settlement, Vsevolozhsky District, Leningrad Region, Bobryshev S.S. ,   FSAEI HE I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Dyadkina N.G. ,   FSAEI HE I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Koshechkin K.A. ,   FSAEI HE I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Sitnikova O.K. ,   FSAEI HE I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Rabinkaya A.M. ,   FSAEI HE I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow
Published: September 2024

The development of digital technologies makes it possible to increase the number of ways to provide pharmaceutical care, and therefore its accessibility. One of the key directions of this development is telepharmacy, the use of which is relevant both abroad and in Russia. The experience of implementing telepharmacy services differs in various countries. In our country, services such as remote ordering of medicines and remote consulting with a pharmaceutical specialist are particularly developed. The article analyzes mobile applications and websites of online services for remote ordering and delivery of medicines.
Features of pharmacokinetics and safety of dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban in elderly patients
Authors:   «Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kondrakhin A.P. ,   Moscow Healthcare Department,   State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the city of Moscow «Hospital for War Veterans No. 2 of the Moscow Healthcare Department», Shnaider K.O. ,   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Maksimov M.L. ,   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Kazan State Medical Academy, branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Continuous Professional Education «Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Martynova S.A. ,   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Published: September 2024

Clinical practice guidelines suggest long-term use of oral anticoagulation in elderly patients. An increased risk of bleeding is associated with age, low body weight, limited renal function, and multiple comorbidities that may be exacerbated by anticoagulation therapy. There is currently very little relevant pharmacological and clinical data on direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), especially in older geriatric patients. This is very relevant since pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics often differ significantly in this group of patients. Therefore, studying and understanding the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of DOACs in the elderly is necessary to achieve balance in anticoagulation strategies. We identified potentially relevant studies by searching the electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar. Further, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, as well as independent selection, all the authors of this article selected sources that were suitable according to the criteria and compiled this review.
Possibilities of using glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists and incretin multi-agonists in pharmacotherapy of obesity and metabolic syndrome
Authors:   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical Universit y» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University),, Abramov V. V. , Maksimov М. L. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Continuous Professional Education «Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; «Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University»
Published: September 2024

Obesity is a predisposing factor in the development of a number of non-communicable diseases. The current Russian clinical guidelines for the treatment of obesity in adults include the following drugs: orlistat, sibutramine, sibutramine+metformin, liraglutide. Currently, hypoglycemic agents such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists and incretin multi-agonists are being actively studied in the treatment of obesity, especially in comorbid patients. Long-acting GLP-1 agonists and incretin multi-agonists have demonstrated clinically significant efficacy in reducing body weight among hypoglycemic drugs in a number of pilot and larger studies. The data obtained regarding the effectiveness of the above drugs indicate the need to expand existing clinical recommendations for the treatment of patients with obesity and introduce into clinical practice alternative drugs, the use of which is quite safe and well tolerated by patients.
Pharmacotherapy of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Focus on sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors
Authors:   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Abramov V.V. , Maksimov М.L. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Continuous Professional Education «Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University»
Published: September 2024

The current Russian clinical guidelines for the treatment of obesity in adults include the following drugs: orlistat, sibutramine, sibutramine + metformin, liraglutide. However, in many cases the use of the first two drugs is limited or contraindicated. In a significant number of clinical cases, drug treatment of obesity, especially in comorbid patients, requires consideration of other groups of drugs that have a positive effect on concomitant pathology, such as, for instance, new classes of hypoglycemic drugs — sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors. The hypoglycemic agents presented in this article contributed to varying degrees of weight loss. The data obtained regarding the effectiveness of the above drugs indicate the need to expand existing clinical recommendations for the treatment of patients with obesity and introduce into clinical practice alternative drugs, the use of which is quite safe and well tolerated by patients.
Transition to intelligent accounting and reporting concepts. Formation of an intellectual valuation concept
Authors:   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education “Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod”, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Druzhilovskaya E.S.
Published: September 2024

Previously, in one of our publications, we proposed categories of digital concepts for accounting, reporting, analysis and auditing and justified their content. The rapid development of technology that has taken place since that time allowed us to assume that today it is already possible to talk about intellectual concepts in the above areas, including the intellectual concept of valuation in accounting and reporting. These questions are explored in this article. When conducting research, methods such as analysis and synthesis, grouping method, comparison, analogy method, logical approach, systematic approach were used. As a result of the research carried out in this work, proposals were made regarding the formation of an intellectual concept for valuation of accounting objects and reporting elements, as well as intellectual concepts of accounting and reporting in general. The results obtained in this article will be useful to a wide range of readers interested in the development of modern accounting and reporting, including valuation, which can be used in the educational process of higher educational institutions, as well as in the practical work of accounting departments of modern organizations.
Disclosure of information on cash flow in accounting (financial) statements
Authors:   Federal State Educational Budgetary Institution of Higher Education “Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation”, Moscow, Russia, Sotnikova L.V.
Published: September 2024

The Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation, as the state regulator of accounting, annually discloses new aspects of improving the Cash Flow Statement included in the accounting (financial) statements, including by issuing annual recommendations to auditors and audit organizations on verifying the reliability of annual statements. Further recommendations were formulated for reporting for 2023. In the cash flows reflected in the cash flow statements, tax payment flows must be clearly separated, including separately cash flow for the payment of income tax and all other taxes, tax payment flows by the reporting company as a tax agent. Special requirements are established for the disclosure of information on rental payments from the tenant and the landlord. The non-governmental accounting regulator “Accounting Methodological Center” also in its Recommendations sets out its position on the reflection of cash flows for the payment of value added tax by the reporting organization. When conducting research, we used such methods as analysis and synthesis, comparison, grouping method, analogy method, logical approach, systematic approach. As a result of the conducted research, this article, in particular, presents generalized requirements for the formation of information on cash flows for current (operating), investment and financial activities of reporting organizations. In addition, in this paper, proposals are made to improve the accounting standard for the formation of cash flow statements. The results of this study will be of interest to a wide range of readers studying various problems of modern Russian and foreign accounting, and can also be used in the educational process of higher educational institutions.
Accounting in the context of digital transformation
Authors:   Federal state educational budgetary institution higher education “Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation”, Moscow, Russia, Kochetkova A.A. , Kevorkova Zh.A. ,   Federal state educational budgetary institution higher education “Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation”, Moscow, Russia
Published: September 2024

The relevance of the topic is due to the active introduction of digital technologies into all spheres of public life. The purpose of the article is to examine the development of accounting in the context of digital transformation. Information modernization is an object of focal and comprehensive government management. In the context of the active introduction of digital technologies, the accounting system is being adapted, which involves the process of forming a unified information business space that is superior to traditional accounting methods. This enhances accounting’s ability to interpret and summarize data more quickly and efficiently. In the course of the work, general and specific research methods were applied, including methods of analysis and generalization, a method of classification and evaluation of the results obtained.
The impact of digitalization on the quality and efficiency of information processing in medical institutions
Authors:   LLC “Trade-Business”, Armand V.M. , Zatsarinnaya E.I. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics
Published: September 2024

Digitalization of the process of providing medical care in the practice of medical centers has an impact on the quality of services provided, forecasting the workload of medical personnel and diagnostic systems, as well as on the components of efficiency in the healthcare sector. The authors of this article consider the use of industry 4.0 tools in the field of healthcare. Wearable devices for collecting, transmitting and analyzing vital signs of patients in medical institutions were chosen as the object of research.
The new system of remuneration for health workers: uniform rules and a differentiated approach
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian Economic University named after G. Plekhanov”, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Lebedev V.A. , Lebedeva E.I. ,   Non-profit Partnership “Institute of Professional Accountants and Auditors of Russia”, Moscow, Russia
Published: September 2024

The need for further improvement of the remuneration system in the public sector is considered, in particular, the features of the new remuneration system for medical workers, which has been tested as part of the pilot project of the Government of the Russian Federation in certain regions. The necessity of extending this practice to all regions is justified, which will allow applying a unified approach and actually ensuring a fair differentiation of incomes of medical workers associated with the need to maintain their income level at the level of average salaries in the economy of the relevant region. The analysis of the salary structure of medical workers, which includes, along with the official salary by qualification groups, compensatory and incentive payments, including at the expense of income-generating activities; the formula for adjusting the level of official salaries by regional coefficients, taking into account the objective economic differentiation of the subjects of the Russian Federation, is considered.
Russian practice of preparing accounting (financial) statements in accordance with IFRS
Authors:   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education “Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod”, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Druzhilovskaya T.Y.
Published: September 2024

This article examines the practice of preparing accounting (financial) statements of Russian organizations in accordance with IFRS. It is shown that the Federal Law of July 27, 2010 No. 208-FZ “On Consolidated Financial Statements” had a great influence on the requirements for the preparation of reporting by Russian organizations in accordance with IFRS. The regulations of international standards for the formation of consolidated financial statements are considered. The Russian practice of applying IFRS regulations for the formation of consolidated financial statements has been studied. A comparison was made of approaches to preparing a statement of financial position in accordance with IFRS, used by organizations in different fields of activity. At the same time, the methods for generating financial position reports used by healthcare organizations and organizations operating outside the healthcare sector are compared. Both common and different approaches to the preparation of a statement of financial position, used by organizations in different fields of activity, have been identified. It is concluded that the reason for the differences in these approaches is the generalized nature of the IFRS regulations and the absence of strict requirements for the reporting format in them. The pros and cons of these regulations are identified.
Intellectual property in the healthcare sector and the most important trends in the development of its accounting
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian Economic University named after G.V. Plekhanov”, Moscow, Russia, Tchaikovskaya L.A.
Published: September 2024

Intellectual property is becoming especially important for healthcare institutions, as such institutions are actively developing new treatment methods, products or processes and need to know how to value, manage and protect their intellectual property. This article is devoted to current issues that reveal the impact of intellectual property on healthcare institutions, as well as the most important trends in the development of accounting. The following methods were used in the implementation of the research: analysis and synthesis, comparison, logical and systematic approaches. As a result of the research, this article presents information about the health care industry, which is being improved, and it is shown that the introduction and development of various innovations in the field under consideration depends on the successful implementation of the achievements of fundamental science in the development of new technologies. In addition, the importance of intellectual property, which has a significant impact on healthcare institutions due to its involvement in pricing and strengthening competitiveness, is revealed. It is concluded that health care institutions applying one or other approaches to managing their intellectual property contribute to the introduction of artificial intelligence, considering it as an opportunity not only to increase productivity, but also to simultaneously reduce costs within the framework of financial and economic activity. The research results will be of interest to practicing specialists in the field of accounting of budget institutions, as well as to the scientific community engaged in research in the field of health care. The results reflected in this article can be used in the educational process of higher educational institutions and in the practical work of accountants of modern organizations (including health care).
Analysis of existing rules and practices for disclosing information about fair value in financial statements
Authors:   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education “Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod”, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Druzhilovskaya E.S.
Published: September 2024

One of the most important for modern accounting and reporting is fair value. Moreover, this is typical for systems of both Russian and international standards (hereinafter referred to as RAS and IFRS). Indeed, fair value, which is actively used in IFRS, has now been introduced into almost all domestic federal accounting standards (hereinafter referred to as FAS). In this regard, the importance of issues related to the indicated value cannot be overestimated. In our previous works, we explored issues related to the interpretation and calculation of fair value. In this article we turn to the analysis of disclosure of information about fair value in financial statements. When carrying out research, methods such as analysis and synthesis, grouping method, comparison, analogy method, logical approach, systematic approach were used. As a result of the research carried out in this work, the main problems associated with the disclosure of information on fair value in the reporting of modern organizations have been identified. The results obtained in this article will be useful to a wide range of readers interested in current issues related to the preparation of financial statements under RAS and IFRS; they can be used in the educational process of higher educational institutions, in the practical work of accounting departments of modern organizations, as well as in the development and improvement of relevant domestic and international accounting standards.