bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Paciente Jovem com Dor Torácica: Além do Óbvio
Authors:   Divisão de Cardiologia, Fundacion Cardioinfantil - Instituto de Cardiologia. Bogotá, Colômbia, Gallo Bernal Sebastian , Martíne Azucena ,   Divisão de Cardiologia, Fundacion Cardioinfantil - Instituto de Cardiologia. Bogotá, Colômbia, Vasquez-Rodriguez Juan F ,   Divisão de Cardiologia, Fundacion Cardioinfantil - Instituto de Cardiologia. Bogotá, Colômbia, Isaza Nicolás ,   Departamento de Medicina, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School. Boston, MA, EUA, Isaza Daniel ,   Divisão de Cardiologia, Fundacion Cardioinfantil - Instituto de Cardiologia. Bogotá, Colômbia, A Calixto Camilo ,   Divisão de Cardiologia, Fundacion Cardioinfantil - Instituto de Cardiologia. Bogotá, Colômbia, Jaimes Claudia ,   Divisão de Cardiologia, Fundacion Cardioinfantil - Instituto de Cardiologia. Bogotá, Colômbia
Published: December 2020

Descrevemos o caso de um paciente jovem com histórico de embolia pulmonar e aborto espontâneo no primeiro trimestre, tendo apresentado dor torácica de início súbito e dispneia. Após revisão retrospectiva sistemática do histórico clínico e avaliação da paciente, ela foi diagnosticada com infarto do miocárdio sem doença coronariana obstrutiva secundário a trombose coronariana. Fundamento: O infarto do miocárdio sem doença coronariana obstrutiva (MINOCA) é um desafio diagnóstico e terapêutico para os médicos, pois um grande espectro de causas pode resultar nessa apresentação clínica, várias entidades podem mimetizá-la e há relativamente poucas recomendações baseadas em evidências para sua avaliação. Discussão: Um diagnóstico preciso da etiologia subjacente à MINOCA requer uma avaliação sistemática e dinâmica do histórico clínico e avaliação de cada paciente, bem como o uso de ferramentas diagnósticas adicionais que permitem uma caracterização mais aprofundada da anatomia cardíaca e da função coronariana, como ressonância magnética cardíaca, imagem vascular coronariana (ultrassom intravascular, tomografia de coerência óptica) e avaliações funcionais coronarianas. O prognóstico dessa entidade depende muito de sua causa subjacente e, portanto, é necessário o diagnóstico preciso de sua etiologia.
Ecocardiografia e Análise de Doenças Cardiovasculares Subclínicas em Povos Indígenas que Vivem em Diferentes Graus de Urbanização: Projeto de Aterosclerose nas Populações Indígenas (Pai)
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, PE, Brasil, Amorim de Medeiros Patriota Pedro Vinícius , T. Ladeia Ana Marice ,   Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador,BA, Brasil, Marques Juracy ,   Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Juazeiro, BA, Brasil,   Ricardo Khoury,   Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, BA, Brasil, Barra Aldina ,   Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, BA, Brasil, Cruz Alvaro A. ,   ProAR - Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brasil, L. Correia Luis Claudio ,   Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador,BA, Brasil, Barral-Netto Manoel ,   Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, BA, Brasil, A. C. Lima Joao ,   John Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA, C. Armstrong Anderson ,   Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, PE, Brasil
Published: December 2020

Fundamento: O processo de urbanização tem impacto na carga de doenças cardiovasculares. As populações indígenas podem sofrer uma transição epidemiológica devastadora. Objetivos: Descrever o protocolo de estudo do Projeto de Aterosclerose nas Populações Indígenas (PAI) para avaliar a análise ecocardiográfica e as doenças cardiovasculares (CV) subclínicas em populações indígenas de acordo com o grau de urbanização e mostrar resultados preliminares do estudo piloto. Métodos: O PAI é um estudo transversal, com voluntários com idade entre 30 e 70 anos, em grupos indígenas brasileiros expostos a estágios baixos e avançados de urbanização (Fulni-ô e Truká, respectivamente) e um grupo controle urbano, excluindo Indivíduos com doenças CV conhecidas ou em hemodiálise. O estudo piloto começou no território de Fulni-ô em setembro de 2016. Os participantes foram submetidos a avaliação clínica e laboratorial, eletrocardiograma (ECG), ultrassonografia de carótidas e um protocolo ecocardiográfico abrangente, incluindo strain longitudinal global (SLG) avaliado por speckle tracking. Os resultados preliminares são descritos de acordo com o sexo em uma análise univariada. Resultados: O estudo piloto avaliou o protocolo descrito em 55 indivíduos do grupo indígena Fulni-ô (48,7 ± 12,0 anos, 80% mulheres). Foram encontrados fatores de risco tradicionais como hipertensão, diabetes e dislipidemia em 40%, 36% e 54%, respectivamente, sem diferenças estatísticas significativas entre os sexos. O uso de tabaco mostrou-se extremamente prevalente, referido em 91% dos participantes. Os parâmetros derivados da ecocardiografia estavam, em média, dentro da faixa normal. No entanto, a média do SLG foi de 17,3 ± 3,4% (p 0,73 por sexo). Conclusão: Descrevemos o protocolo do estudo PAI para avaliar doenças cardiovasculares subclínicas e fatores de risco em populações indígenas de acordo com o estágio de urbanização. Resultados preliminares sugerem alta prevalência desses na população indígena em menor grau de urbanização.
Quantificação Semiautomática da Fração de Ejeção e Volumes do Ventrículo Esquerdo ao Ecocardiograma Bidimensional: Comparação com o Ecocardiograma Tridimensional Automático
Authors:   Quanta Diagnóstico e Terapia. Curitiba, PR, Brasil., Borsoi Rafael , Morita Fernandes da Silva Miguel ,   Quanta Diagnóstico e Terapia. Curitiba, PR, Brasil., Barberato Silvio Henrique ,   Quanta Diagnóstico e Terapia. Curitiba, PR, Brasil.
Published: December 2020

Fundamento: A fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo é um dos parâmetros ecocardiográficos mais utilizados na prática clínica. Sua estimativa pelo método bidimensional manual (método de Simpson) tem reprodutibilidade e acurácia limitadas, e métodos semiautomáticos têm sido propostos. Torna-se necessário comparar o método bidimensional semiautomático com métodos mais acurados de avaliação da fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo, como a medida pela ecocardiografia tridimensional automática. Objetivo: Comparar as estimativas da fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo e dos volumes diastólico final e sistólico final do ventrículo esquerdo pelo método bidimensional semiautomático com as obtidas pelo método tridimensional automático. Método: Estudo observacional transversal, com pacientes em ritmo sinusal, fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo >50% e sem cardiopatia estrutural significativa, submetidos ao ecocardiograma transtorácico. Teste t de Student, coeficiente de Pearson e análise de Bland-Altman foram usados na análise estatística. Resultados: Foram incluídos 40 pacientes, sendo: 53% mulheres, 35% hipertensos, 25% dislipidêmicos, 10% diabéticos, 10% tabagistas e 13% com angioplastia prévia. Os valores médios da fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo aos métodos tri e bidimensionais foram 62,1 ± 5,8% e 61,7 ± 5,9% (p = 0,50), respectivamente. Houve forte correlação da fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo determinada melos métodos bi e tridimensional (r = 0,74; p<0,001), assim como com o volume diastólico final (r = 0,75; p<0,001) e o sistólico final (r = 0,76; p<0,001). Houve boa concordância entre a fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo bi e tridimensional (diferença média: -0,39; intervalo de confiança 95% -1,7-0,9). Conclusão: A fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo estimada pelo método bidimensional semiautomático mostrou boa concordância com o método tridimensional automático. Os achados sugerem que o método bidimensional semiautomático represente uma alternativa confiável para avaliação dos volumes e fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo.
New records of Odocoileus virginianus Zimmermann 1780 (Artiodactyla: Cervidae) from northern Brazil
Authors: Araujo Perini Fernando , Quintaneiro Mota Júlia
Published: December 2020

We report new records of the White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Brazil based on specimens deposited in scientific collections. These new records expand the known geographic distribution of the species in Brazil southwards in the states of Roraima and Amapá, the latter the first record of the species below the equator line in Brazil, and register it for the first time in the state of Amazonas. These records contribute to increase the knowledge of the geographical distribution of O. virginianus in Brazil and highlights the importance of museum collections as a source of biogeographic and ecological data.
Colección Teriológica de la Universidad de Antioquia (CTUA)
Authors: Solari Sergio , Bonilla-Sánchez Alejandra
Published: December 2020

La Colección Teriológica de la Universidad de Antioquia (CTUA) alberga más de 6.300 especímenes pertenecientes a 254 especies, 137 géneros, 40 familias y 13 órdenes, únicamente procedentes de Colombia, con una importante representatividad (48 % de la diversidad de especies mamíferas registrada para el país). Los órdenes mejor representados son Chiroptera, Rodentia y Didelphimorphia con 3.753, 1.391, y 267 especímenes, respectivamente. La colección cuenta con cuatro holotipos, correspondientes a Carollia colombiana, Saccopteryx antioquensis, Carollia monohernandezi, y Marmosops chucha, y ha sido empleada y referenciada en más de 60 trabajos de investigación.
O vinho trágico e secreto dos curetas
Authors: De Santoro Moreira Fernando José
Published: December 2020

Nas antigas narrativas cosmogónicas, um momento importante é o que trata do aparecimento da raça humana. Se considerarmos que as cosmogonias podem ser lidas como formas arquetípicas de cosmologias, então, conclui-se que as antropogonias, dentro das cosmogonias, constituem momentos verdadeiramente ricos para entender o sentido que uma cultura dá ao ser humano dentro da ordem do cosmos. Quero aqui recordar uma tradição, menos conhecida, de contar o surgimento da raça humana, a dos cultos órfico-dionisíacos, com o seu contributo de sabedoria pela sua produção mítica, e com a sua forma peculiar de transmitir o conhecimento de uma forma figurativa e enigmática. O mito antropogónico órfico por excelência é o do Esquartejamento de Dioniso quando criança, perpetrado pelos Titãs. Se pretende assinalar a hipótese de um enigma e de sua decifração iniciática.
THE AWARENESS NETWORK OF MONITORING AND DISPLAYING ACTIONS OF SOCIAL NETWORKS
Authors: NAYOMI B.DEENA DIVYA , MOHAMMED FAROOQ , SANDEEP V. , FATIMA TAMKEEN
Published: December 2020

The concept of awareness plays a pivotal role in research in Computer-Supported Cooperative Work. Recently, Software Engineering researchers interested in the collaborative nature of software development have explored the implications of this concept in the design of software development tools. A critical aspect of awareness is the associated coordinative work practices of displaying and monitoring actions. This aspect concerns how colleagues monitor one another’s actions to understand how these actions impact their own work and how they display their actions in such a way that others can easily monitor them while doing their own work. we focus on an additional aspect of awareness: the identification of the social actors who should be monitored and the actors to whom their actions should be displayed. We address this aspect by presenting software developers’ work practices based on ethnographic data from three different software development teams. In addition, we illustrate how these work practices are influenced by different factors, including the organizational setting, the age of the project, and the software architecture. We discuss how our results are relevant for both CSCW and Software Engineering researchers.
SAK EMKM : PENYUSUNAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN USAHA MIKRO, KECIL DAN MENENGAH
Authors: Satria Hendy , Hendyka Jery
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this research is to find out the financial report that CV. Mitra Dinamis did, and to find out if the financial report of CV. Mitra Dinamis has been appropriate according to SAK EMKM.The research method that been used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Kind of data in this research is using primary data and secondary data. Data collecting methods are interviews, observe, and literature review. The result from this research showed, that CV. Mitra Dinamis only created invoice financial report, resulting in this case not yet appropriate to SAK EMKM that presuppose a complete financial report, including financial position report, profit and loss report, and note of the financial report. And financial report that CV. Mitra Dinamis did not yet appropriate enough according to SAK EMKM.Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui penyusunan laporan keuangan yang dilakukan oleh CV. Mitra Dinamis, dan untuk mengetahui apakah penyusunan laporan keuangan pada CV. Mitra Dinamis telah sesuai dengan SAK EMKM. Jenis penelitian yang dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah deskriptif kualitatif. Jenis data dalam penelitian ini mempergunakan data primer dan data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan berupa wawancara, observasi, dan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan, bahwa CV. Mitra Dinamis hanya membuat laporan keuangan berbentuk invoice. Sehingga, hal tersebut belum sesuai dengan SAK EMKM yang mensyaratkan laporan keuangan lengkap terdiri atas Laporan Posisi Keuangan, Laporan Laba Rugi, dan Catatan atas Laporan Keuangan (CaLK). Dan penyusunan laporan keuangan yang dilakukan oleh CV. Mitra Dinamis belum sesuai dengan SAK EMKM.
Research or teaching? Contradictory demands on Swedish teacher educators and the consequences for the quality of teacher education
Authors: Angervall Petra , Baldwin Richard , Beach Dennis
Published: December 2020

Based on a policy analysis and interviews with assistant lecturers and lecturers (with a PhD) who are heavily involved in teacher education, the present article addresses contemporary tensions and challenges in Swedish teacher education. The point of departure is the theoretical framework of mission stretch and the third space professional in teacher education with the aim of investigating how teacher educators experience and navigate their daily work. The findings of the study illustrate the tensions teacher educators experience between research and teaching tasks, between a constant flow of tasks, large student groups, and demands of high-quality teaching. The findings also show a gap between the practical anchoring of some research in teacher education and feelings of tension between teaching practices and the value of research. In conclusion, teacher education would seem to be developing into a cluster of tasks, challenges, expectations, and skills. This indicates that teaching and research are not the only missions and cannot be taken for granted in light of how teachers struggle to define their professional knowledge and value with respect to increasingly strong competitive demands for research performance.
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY DEVELOPMENT AND ITS PROBLEMS AND CHALLENGES IN NIGERIA
Authors:   Department of Political Science Federal University Otuoke Bayelsa State, Nigeria, John Kalama , Eseduwo Famous ,   Department of Political Science Federal University Otuoke Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Published: December 2020

Global statistics revealed that the development of science and technology research has aided and facilitated growth and sustainable development in most industrialized societies while the story is different for less developed countries hence, this paper examined policy issues and challenges confronting the development of science and technology research in Nigeria. The study adopted the elite theory and derived its data from secondary sources which included official government documents, textbooks, published journals articles, the international news media, newspaper publications, materials from the internet etc. The study also adopted the descriptive research method hence, the data collected were analysed using the qualitative method. Findings in the study show that lack of consistency in the development of a science and technology development policy has hindered the growth and use of indigenous technology in Nigeria. Thus, there is need to develop and implement an indigenous home grown sustainable science and technology development policy in Nigeria in order to compete favourably in the international market.
VIVENCIAS DE PACIENTES FRENTE À TROCA DE ESTAGIÁRIOS/TERAPEUTAS EM UMA CLÍNICA-ESCOLA
Authors: Moreira Thiago Ribeiro , Cunha Myriam Siqueira da
Published: December 2020

A troca do terapeuta durante a psicoterapia incide diretamente na aliança de trabalho, porém, poucos estudos explicam a forma como pacientes vivem essa experiência e sua influência no processo psicoterápico. É preciso considerar as características institucionais dos serviços que convivem com a transitoriedade de terapeutas, como as clínicas-escola com estagiários/terapeutas. Este estudo buscou compreender a vivência de pacientes e os significados atribuídos à experiência de troca de estagiários/terapeutas de Psicologia em uma clínica-escola do sul do Brasil. Foram investigados dois participantes escolhidos por sorteio, após indicação da coordenação da clínica-escola de pacientes que vivenciaram, no mínimo uma vez, nos últimos dois anos, a troca de estagiário/terapeuta. O instrumento para a coleta de dados foi a entrevista em profundidade (Seidman, 2019). As entrevistas foram transcritas e, concomitantemente, começou-se a análise e interpretação, fundamentadas na técnica de isolamento temático de Van Manen (2018). A partir das unidades de significado reveladas, foi possível extrair a estrutura da experiência vivida. Nesse processo, emergiram duas unidades de significado: características do estagiário/terapeuta e aliança empática, que são a estrutura do tema fenomenológico: o paciente como sujeito no processo psicoterápico. Esse tema representa a essência do fenômeno vivido, em relação à troca do estagiário/terapeuta.
MULTILINGUALISM AND LANGUAGE ATTITUDE THE “CAMEROONIAN PARADOX”
Authors: Hodieb Liliane
Published: December 2020

The colonial past of Cameroon has serious consequences on its present, positive as well as negative. As a positive consequence, French-English bilingualism is perhaps the most noteworthy, resulting from the shared governance of the colony between France and Britain. However, while the British administration adopted the ‘Indirect rule’, the French colonists were led by a policy of assimilation which aimed at turning the colonized people into French individuals, particularly in their mind and education. This process involved relegating the numerous indigenous languages (about 250 in Cameroon) to the background, for the benefit of the French language whose prestige was high enough to subjugate Cameroonians. Thus, parents gradually ceased to pass down their language to their children. The younger generations, therefore inherited French as their mother tongue, but now they feel the need to recover their lost inheritance, i.e., indigenous languages. This is what we call here the “Cameroonian paradox”. This paper presents the results of a sociolinguistic survey of 32 Cameroonians living in France. The Postcolonial theory helps us understand this paradoxical phenomenon while raising issues of identity and language endangerment.
Hagiografías en la era de la Web 2.0
Authors: Nicot Yves Bernardo Roger Solis
Published: December 2020

En la era de YouTube y de Facebook han aparecido en la Web 2.0 nuevas formas de religiosidad popular e institucional. Con la llegada y desarrollo del internet en América Latina y en México, están surgiendo diversos casos de promoción digital de santos y santuarios. Este fenómeno reciente merece un trato teórico y metodológico nuevo. En la primera parte de este artículo se hará una reflexión en torno a la fe y la promoción de santos en la era de la Web 2.0; en la segunda parte se propondrá un análisis comparativo de dos devociones digitales de santos: uno medieval, san Yves, y el otro contemporáneo, santa Teresa de Calcuta.
Derecho Administrativo y Derechos Sociales Fundamentales
Authors: Rodríguez-Arana Muñoz Jaime
Published: December 2020

El presente trabajo tiene por objeto demostrar que el derecho administrativo del Estado social y democrático es el derecho del poder público para la libertad solidaria. El método empleado es el propio de la investigación jurídica, en este caso a través de la argumentación y la proyección de los principios constitucionales sobre el derecho administrativo. El estudio parte de una introducción en la que se plantea la cuestión, una análisis del llamado derecho constitucional, un comentario sobre la incidencia de la cláusula del Estado social sobre la Administración pública y el derecho administrativo que sirve de antesala para la principal conclusión: que el interés general en un Estado social y democrático de derecho está inescindiblemente vinculado a la promoción de los derechos fundamentales, individuales y sociales, de la persona. Es decir, la dignidad del ser humano es el centro y la raíz del derecho público, de manera que todas sus instituciones y categorías deben definirse y construirse desde esta perspectiva.
Desenvolvimento sustentável e desastre ambientam em minas gerais: um caso de inefetividade?
Authors: Pagliarini Alexandre Coutinho , Soares Mário Lúcio Quintão
Published: December 2020

Apesar de normas cogentes, nacionais e internacionais, em favor do desenvolvimento sustentável e penalizando o poluidor, o caso do desastre ambiental em Mariana é a prova de que não bastam as normas, ficando patente que a melhora das estruturas de prevenção teria sido mais eficaz. Laudo técnico do IBAMA (Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis), publicado em dezembro de 2015, relatou a morte de trabalhadores da Samarco e de moradores das comunidades afetadas, o desalojamento de pessoas, a devastação de localidades, a destruição de 1.469 hectares de vegetação, incluindo Áreas de Preservação Permanente, a mortandade de biodiversidade aquática e fauna terrestre, a perda e na fragmentação de habitats, a interrupção da pesca por tempo indeterminado, a interrupção do turismo, a alteração dos padrões de qualidade da água doce, salobra e salgada, a interrupção do abastecimento de água e a dificuldade de geração de energia elétrica pelas hidrelétricas atingidas. O presente texto inédito apresenta a problemática acima descrita, contextualizando-a segundo o Direito brasileiro e também de acordo com o Direito Internacional Público, sendo resultado do que se desenvolveu em palestra proferida pelos seus autores na Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS).
Desapropriações ambientais
Authors: Martins Junior Wallace Paiva
Published: December 2020

União, Estados, Distrito Federal e Municípios no exercício de suas competências administrativas comuns sobre meio ambiente podem cumprir seu dever fundamental de preservação, recuperação e defesa dos bens ambientais pelo instituto da desapropriação. As desapropriações ambientais já estavam topicamente previstas no direito brasileiro em disposições particulares, e foram reforçadas pela lei das unidades de conservação que assume a tendência de publicização desses espaços. Para além de a variável ambiental orientar a função social da propriedade rural e a consequente desapropriação por interesse social, é sugestiva, de lege ferenda, a previsão de uma nova e especial modalidade de desapropriação ambiental pelo descumprimento da função socioambiental da propriedade privada, sancionando o titular de domínio que não der ao bem a vocação ambiental legalmente institucionalizada, e cuja indenização deverá ser satisfeita em títulos da dívida pública resgatáveis após certo prazo.
O novo regime jurídico dos contratos das empresas estatais concessionárias regidas pela Lei Federal 13.303/2016
Authors: Costa Maria D'´Assunção
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo se predispõe a investigar, a partir dos conceitos atrelados aos regimes jurídicos de direito público e de direito privado, a mudança significativa operada pela Lei Federal 13.303/16 no regime jurídico que disciplina a atuação das empresas estatais, sobretudo, com o afastamento da incidência das normas contratuais de relação vertical, marcadas pela mutabilidade unilateral dos contratos pelo Poder Público, previstas na Lei Federal 8.666/93 aos contratos celebrados pelas empresas estatais, que passam a ser regidos, unicamente, pelas disposições da teoria geral dos contratos e das leis civis que os disciplinam.
DIREITO DE CONSTRUIR E LICENÇA DE CONSTRUÇÃO
Authors: Ferraz Junior Tercio Sampaio
Published: December 2020

Discute-se neste artigo a natureza da autorização para o início da construção passados 30 dias do protocolo dos alvarás de construção e execução sem a manifestação da Prefeitura Municipal de São Paulo, contida no Decreto Municipal 32.329/1992 (artigo 4.B.4.3).
EDUCAÇÃO DIGITAL INCLUSIVA: A INFORMÁTICA COMO POSSIBILIDADE METODOLÓGICA DE ENSINO
Authors: BAZAN L. D. , JARA G. C.
Published: December 2020

A tecnologia é uma forma de evolução que veio para auxiliar o desenvolvimento de qualquer área, inclusive a da educação, haja vista que se tornou uma ferramenta de aprendizagem. Nas escolas, os laboratórios de informática são espaços nos quais as crianças têm acesso à tecnologia para o aprendizado; contudo, nem sempre essa ferramenta tem sido bem e efetivamente utilizadas, uma vez que são, às vezes, pouco exploradas.
A FORMA DE PROVIMENTO DO CARGO DE DIRETOR, O PROJETO POLÍTICO-PEDAGÓGICO E O CONSELHO ESCOLAR EM MINAS GERAIS: UMA PERSPECTIVA ANTES E APÓS O SIMADE
Authors: LIMA Carla da Conceição de
Published: December 2020

Nos anos de 1990, o Estado, buscando a modernização da administração pública e das práticas de controle burocrático, instituiu medidas políticas e administrativas que alteraram os meios de regulação dos poderes públicos em diversos países. Esse contexto consolidou medidas que reduziram a intervenção do Governo Federal na provisão e no gerenciamento desses serviços, de modo a estabelecer uma gestão remota do Estado com foco nos resultados, voltados para a eficiência e para a eficácia do sistema (BARROSO, 2005). Dessa forma, foram instituídas medidas práticas, amparadas por instrumentos legais, que afetaram a administração pública em âmbito nacional e internacional.
Strategic determinants of big data analytics in the AEC sector: a multi-perspective framework
Authors: Chaurasia Sushil S. , Verma Surabhi
Published: December 2020

With constant flow of large data sets generated by different organisations, big data analytics promises to be a revolutionary game changer for Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry. Despite the potential of Big Data, there has been little research conducted thus far to understand the Big Data phenomenon, specifically in the AEC industry. The objective of this research therefore is to understand the contributing factors for adopting big data in AEC firms. The investigation combined the perceived strategic value of BDA with the TOE framework (technology, organization, and environment), to develop and test a holistic model on big data adoption. A set of hypotheses derived from the extant literature was tested on data from structured surveys of about 365 firms, categorised as construction service firms (engineering and architecture) and construction firms (firms engaged in managing construction projects). The results indicated that the inhibitors and facilitators of BDA adoption are different in the construction services (architecture and engineering) and construction firms. For effective adoption of BDA solutions, the findings will guide the business managers to have realistic expectations of BDA integration challenges in AEC sector.
4D visualization to bridge the knowing-doing gap in megaprojects: an Australian case study
Authors: Datta Abhijnan , Ninan Johan , Sankaran Shankar
Published: December 2020

The literature on megaprojects are oriented towards ‘knowing’ the problems and ‘knowing’ the solutions, and there is a dearth in literature aimed at explaining strategies adopted in ‘doing’ or implementing that knowledge. Particularly, the literature highlights communication as important as part of the ‘knowing,’ while there is a gap in ‘doing,’ as performance improvements are still not evident. This research aims to explore how this knowing-doing gap in the communication of risk information was addressed by using 4D visualization. This article discusses the vent facility of a megaproject in Australia as a case study to illustrate the innovation. The 4D model developed for the facility helped the project team to visualize the construction of a critical part of the project, discuss the construction methodology, identify the risks in the construction process and persuade the non-technical decision-makers of the project to take appropriate action. The risks identified through the visualization covered safety, program, and interface risks. This study offers insights into the role of visualization in bridging the knowing-doing gap in the construction industry in the context of a megaproject.
Relationship between contractor satisfaction and project management performance
Authors: Skitmore Martin , Xiong Bo , Xia Bo , Masrom Asrul , Newton Sidney
Published: December 2020

Despite the fast growth of project-based companies and industries, studies of the satisfaction-performance (S-P) nexus of project participants are lacking. This study aims to explore the role of contractor satisfaction in affecting contractor project management performance along with considering external effects from other key participants. Two broad dimensions of satisfaction toward noneconomic factors and economic factors were used to develop hypothesized models. Structural equation modelling techniques were applied with data collected from 117 projects, showing that it is insufficient to simply conclude that contractor satisfaction influences project managerial performance and vice versa, and that satisfaction disaggregation is necessary. Additionally, it was found that noneconomic satisfaction contributes to performance, which in turn contributes to economic satisfaction. The theoretical and practical implications are further discussed.
Using A Tiered Approach for Implementing Networked Learning Communities: A Case Study on Developing the Capacity of Leaders to Implement Systemwide Innovations within International Training and Development Programs
Authors: Anderson II James , Kaufman Eric , Coartney Jama , Mitra Shreya , l Cash Caro
Published: December 2020

This case study demonstrates how change agents can utilize networked learning communities (NLCs) with shared leadership to provide the structural supports for learning and influence the implementation of innovations within a social system. Our focus is the Department of Defense Education Activity (DoDEA), a large school system operating 164 accredited schools domestically and internationally. As part of their systemic priority of implementing innovations for educational improvement, DoDEA worked with extension specialists to create NLCs for instructional leaders using the Engelbart’s Organizational Learning and Improvement Schema. The schema is a three-tiered approach to non-formal learning that facilitates leader capacity building at the individual, team, and systemwide levels. To support these learning communities, DoDEA also created regional support teams or opinion leaders to assist with the implementation of systemwide educational technologies through non-formal professional learning. Focus group discussions provided insights on the impact of this model as a mechanism for diffusing educational innovations throughout the system. Findings suggest that implementation of this approach in other international training and development settings can yield positive impacts on the innovation-decision process.

Keywords: Shared leadership; international training & development; social learning; systemic change; Diffusion of Innovations
Overcoming Resistance to Service-Learning’s Use in the Preparation of Teachers for Secondary Agricultural Education: A Reframing of the Method’s Diffusion Challenges
Authors: Roberts Richie , Edwards Craig
Published: December 2020

Although service-learning (SL) has shown promise, its adoption as a method of instruction in secondary agricultural education remains tentative. As such, this philosophical investigation examined how resistance to SL might be uniquely manifested in the context of teacher preparation and the implications for agricultural education if viewed through the lens of Rogers’ (2003) diffusion of innovations theory. After synthesizing related research and theory, we argue the method of instruction’s barriers to adoption include not only a misalignment between teacher educators’ beliefs and practices, but also result from a lack of knowledge, including (a) awareness, (b) how-to, and (c) principles (Rogers, 2003). We also posit that contextual influences at three levels – personal, institutional, and societal – drive or constrain teacher educators’ knowledge of SL during the innovation-decision process. By reframing the problem in this way, implications emerge regarding the difficulties teacher educators may experience as they cross contextual borders and attempt to overcome the knowledge deficiencies likely to influence their pedagogical decision-making. In this regard, we offer an expansion to Rogers’ (2003) innovation-decision process so teacher educators can forecast, isolate, and address better the contextual challenges and knowledge-related problems likely foregrounding their resistance to adopting SL as a method of instruction. Keywords: Diffusion of Innovations theory; innovation-decision process; resistance; service learning; teacher preparation
Community Reaction towards Social Innovation: A Discussion of Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovations Theory in Consideration of Community Emotional Response
Authors: Hains Bryan , Hains Kristina
Published: December 2020

While originally utilized within the natural and agricultural sciences, the diffusion of innovation theory has been applied across numerous contexts. As we continue to apply this model within Extension education, international development, and other community education contexts around the world, it not only becomes pertinent to examine how it applies towards social innovations – innovations that improve the social good – but also to understand how communities react when adopting social innovations. Within this article, researchers propose an Emotional-Behavioral Influence Model to deepen the understanding as to how communities respond, emotionally and behaviorally, towards social innovations throughout the adoption process. They then overlay the model onto two examples, one urban and one rural, showcasing its application to communities worldwide. Finally, researchers discuss implications for extension professionals as they preflect on implementing social innovations in communities globally. Keywords: Diffusion of Innovation theory; flow; communities; downshifting; social innovation
Methane mapping, emission quantification, and attribution in two European cities: Utrecht (NL) and Hamburg (DE)
Authors: Maazallahi Hossein , Fernandez Julianne M. , Menoud Malika , Zavala-Araiza Daniel , Weller Zachary D. , Schwietzke Stefan , von Fischer Joseph C. , Denier van der Gon Hugo , Röckmann Thomas
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Characterizing and attributing methane (CH4) emissions across varying scales are important from environmental, safety, and economic perspectives and are essential for designing and evaluating effective mitigation strategies. Mobile real-time measurements of CH4 in ambient air offer a fast and effective method to identify and quantify local CH4 emissions in urban areas. We carried out extensive campaigns to measure CH4 mole fractions at the street level in Utrecht, the Netherlands (2018 and 2019), and Hamburg, Germany (2018). We detected 145 leak indications (LIs; i.e., CH4 enhancements
of more than 10 % above background levels) in Hamburg and 81 LIs in
Utrecht. Measurements of the ethane-to-methane ratio (C2:C1),
methane-to-carbon dioxide ratio (CH4:CO2), and CH4 isotope composition (δ13C and δD) show that in Hamburg about 1∕3 of the LIs, and in Utrecht 2∕3 of the LIs (based on a limited set of C2:C1 measurements), were of fossil fuel origin. We find that in both cities the largest emission rates in the identified LI distribution are from fossil fuel sources. In Hamburg, the lower emission rates in the identified LI distribution are often associated with biogenic characteristics or (partly) combustion. Extrapolation of detected LI rates along the roads driven to the gas distribution pipes in the entire road network yields total emissions from sources that can be quantified in the street-level surveys of 440±70 t yr−1 from all sources in Hamburg and 150±50 t yr−1 for Utrecht. In Hamburg,
C2:C1, CH4:CO2, and isotope-based source attributions show that 50 %–80 % of all emissions originate from the natural gas distribution network; in Utrecht more limited attribution indicates that 70 %–90 % of the emissions are of fossil origin. Our results confirm previous observations that a few large LIs, creating a heavy tail, are responsible for a significant proportion of fossil CH4 emissions. In Utrecht, 1∕3 of total emissions originated from one LI and in Hamburg >1/4 from two LIs. The largest leaks were located and fixed quickly by GasNetz Hamburg once the LIs were shared, but 80 % of the (smaller) LIs attributed to the fossil category could not be
detected and/or confirmed as pipeline leaks. This issue requires further investigation.
North African mineral dust sources: new insights from a combined analysis based on 3D dust aerosol distributions, surface winds and ancillary soil parameters
Authors: Vandenbussche Sophie , Callewaert Sieglinde , Schepanski Kerstin , De Mazière Martine
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Mineral dust aerosol is a key player in the climate system. Determining dust sources and the spatio-temporal variability of dust emission fluxes is essential for estimating the impact of dust on the atmospheric radiation budget, cloud and precipitation formation processes, the bio-productivity and, ultimately, the carbon cycle. Although much effort has been put into determining dust sources from satellite observations, geo-locating active dust sources is still challenging and uncertainties in space and time are evident. One major source of uncertainty is the lack of clear differentiation between near-source dust aerosol and transported dust aerosol. In order to reduce this uncertainty, we use 3D information on the distribution of dust aerosol suspended in the atmosphere calculated from spectral measurements obtained by the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) by using the Mineral Aerosols Profiling from Infrared Radiance (MAPIR) algorithm. In addition to standard dust products from satellite observations, which provide 2D information on the horizontal distribution of dust, MAPIR allows for the retrieval of additional information on the vertical distribution of dust plumes.
This ultimately enables us to separate between near-source and transported dust plumes. Combined with information on near-surface wind speed and surface properties, low-altitude dust plumes can be assigned to dust emission events and low-altitude transport regimes can be excluded. Consequently, this technique will reduce the uncertainty in automatically geo-locating active dust sources.
The findings of our study illustrate the spatio-temporal distribution of North African dust sources based on 9 years of data, allowing for the observation of a full seasonal cycle of dust emissions, differentiating morning and afternoon/evening emissions and providing a first glance at long-term changes. In addition, we compare the results of this new method to the results from Schepanski et al. (2012), who manually identified dust sources from Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed Imager (SEVIRI) red–green–blue (RGB) images. The comparison illustrates that each method has its strengths and weaknesses that must be taken into account when using the results. This study is of particular importance for understanding future environmental changes due to a changing climate.
EARLINET observations of Saharan dust intrusions over the northern Mediterranean region (2014–2017): properties and impact on radiative forcing
Authors: Soupiona Ourania , Papayannis Alexandros , Kokkalis Panagiotis , Foskinis Romanos , Sánchez Hernández Guadalupe , Ortiz-Amezcua Pablo , Mylonaki Maria , Papanikolaou Christina-Anna , Papagiannopoulos Nikolaos , Samaras Stefanos , Groß Silke , Mamouri Rodanthi-Elisavet , Alados-Arboledas Lucas , Amodeo Aldo , Psiloglou Basil
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Remote sensing measurements of aerosols using depolarization Raman lidar
systems from four EARLINET (European Aerosol Research Lidar Network) stations
are used for a comprehensive analysis of Saharan dust events over the
Mediterranean basin in the period 2014–2017. In this period, 51 dust
events regarding the geometrical, optical and microphysical properties of
dust were selected, classified and assessed according to their radiative forcing
effect on the atmosphere. From west to east, the stations of Granada,
Potenza, Athens and Limassol were selected as representative Mediterranean
cities regularly affected by Saharan dust intrusions. Emphasis was given on
lidar measurements in the visible (532 nm) and specifically on the
consistency of the particle linear depolarization ratio (δp532), the extinction-to-backscatter lidar ratio
(LR532) and the aerosol optical thickness
(AOT532) within the observed dust layers. We found
mean δp532 values of 0.24±0.05, 0.26±0.06,
0.28±0.05 and 0.28±0.04, mean LR532 values of
52±8, 51±9, 52±9 and 49±6 sr and mean
AOT532 values of 0.40±0.31, 0.11±0.07, 0.12±0.10 and 0.32±0.17, for Granada, Potenza, Athens
and Limassol, respectively. The mean layer thickness values were found to
range from ∼ 1700 to ∼ 3400 m a.s.l.
Additionally, based also on a previous aerosol type classification scheme
provided by airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) observations and
on air mass backward trajectory analysis, a clustering analysis was
performed in order to identify the mixing state of the dusty layers over the studied area. Furthermore, a synergy of lidar measurements and modeling was
used to analyze the solar and thermal radiative forcing of airborne
dust in detail. In total, a cooling behavior in the solar range and a significantly
lower heating behavior in the thermal range was estimated. Depending on the
dust optical and geometrical properties, the load intensity and the solar
zenith angle (SZA), the estimated solar radiative forcing values range from
−59 to −22 W m−2 at the surface and from −24 to −1 W m−2 at
the top of the atmosphere (TOA). Similarly, in the thermal spectral range
these values range from +2 to +4 W m−2 for the surface and from
+1 to +3 W m−2 for the TOA. Finally, the radiative forcing seems
to be inversely proportional to the dust mixing ratio, since higher absolute
values are estimated for less mixed dust layers.
Analysis of Secondary Organic Aerosol Simulation Bias in the
Community Earth System Model (CESM2.1)
Authors: Liu Yaman , Dong Xinyi , Wang Minghuai , Emmons Louisa K. , Liu Yawen , Liang Yuan , Li Xiao , Shrivastava Manish
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Organic aerosol (OA) has been considered as one of the most important uncertainties in climate modeling due to the complexity in presenting its chemical production and depletion mechanisms. To better understand the capability of climate models and probe into the associated uncertainties in simulating OA, we evaluate the Community Earth System Model version 2.1 (CESM2.1) configured with the Community Atmosphere Model version 6 (CAM6) with comprehensive tropospheric and stratospheric chemistry representation (CAM6-Chem), through a long-term simulation (1988–2019) with observations collected from multiple datasets in the United States. We find that CESM generally reproduces the inter-annual variation and seasonal cycle of OA mass concentration at surface layer with correlation of 0.40 as compared to ground observations, and systematically overestimates (69 %) in summer and underestimates (−19 %) in winter. Through a series of sensitivity simulations, we reveal that modeling bias is primarily related to the dominant fraction of monoterpene-formed secondary organic aerosol (SOA), and a strong positive correlation of 0.67 is found between monoterpene emission and modeling bias in eastern US during summer. In terms of vertical profile, the model prominently underestimates OA and monoterpene concentrations by 37–99 % and 82–99 % respectively in the upper air (> 500 m) as validated against aircraft observations. Our study suggests that the current Volatility Basis Set (VBS) scheme applied in CESM might be parameterized with too high monoterpene SOA yields which subsequently result in strong SOA production near emission source area. We also find that the model has difficulty in reproducing the decreasing trend of surface OA in southeast US, probably because of employing pure gas VBS to represent isoprene SOA which is in reality mainly formed through multiphase chemistry, thus the influence of aerosol acidity and sulfate particle change on isoprene SOA formation has not been fully considered in the model. This study reveals the urgent need to improve the SOA modeling in climate models.
Improvement of numerical weather prediction model analysis during fog conditions through the assimilation of ground-based microwave radiometer observations: a 1D-Var study
Authors: Martinet Pauline , Cimini Domenico , Burnet Frédéric , Ménétrier Benjamin , Michel Yann , Unger Vinciane
Published: December 2020

Abstract. This paper investigates the potential benefit of ground-based microwave radiometers (MWRs) to improve the initial state (analysis)
of current numerical weather prediction (NWP) systems during fog
conditions. To this end, temperature, humidity and liquid water path
(LWP) retrievals have been performed by directly assimilating
brightness temperatures using a one-dimensional variational technique
(1D-Var). This study focuses on a fog-dedicated field-experiment
performed over winter 2016–2017 in France. In situ measurements from
a 120 m tower and radiosoundings are used to assess the
improvement brought by the 1D-Var analysis to the background. A
sensitivity study demonstrates the importance of the
cross-correlations between temperature and specific humidity in the
background-error-covariance matrix as well as the bias correction
applied on MWR raw measurements. With the optimal 1D-Var
configuration, root-mean-square errors smaller than 1.5 K
(respectively 0.8 K) for temperature and 1 g kg−1
(respectively 0.5 g kg−1) for humidity are obtained up to
6 km altitude (respectively within the fog layer up to
250 m). A thin radiative fog case study has shown that the
assimilation of MWR observations was able to correct large temperature
errors of the AROME (Application of Research to Operations at MEsoscale) model as well as vertical and temporal errors
observed in the fog life cycle. A statistical evaluation through the
whole period has demonstrated that the largest impact when
assimilating MWR observations is obtained on the temperature and LWP
fields, while it is neutral to slightly positive for the specific
humidity. Most of the temperature improvement is observed during false
alarms when the AROME forecasts tend to significantly overestimate the
temperature cooling. During missed fog profiles, 1D-Var analyses were
found to increase the atmospheric stability within the first
100 m above the surface compared to the initial background
profile. Concerning the LWP, the RMSE with respect to MWR statistical
regressions is decreased from 101 g m−2 in the background
to 27 g m−2 in the 1D-Var analysis. These encouraging
results led to the deployment of eight MWRs during the international
SOFOG3D (SOuth FOGs 3D experiment for fog processes study) experiment
conducted by Météo-France.