bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STUDY TO COMPARE MULTIPLE SCORING SYSTEMS IN EVALUATING THE PROGNOSIS OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN HYDERABAD
Authors: Manjusha Vadicharla , Ramya Chatragadda , Madasu Hima Soumya , Sah Milan
Published: August 2024

Aim: To compare the multiple scoring systems in evaluating the prognosis of Acute Pancreatitis in a Tertiary care hospital. Objectives: To study the
parameters of various scoring systems in determining and predicting the severity and mortality of Acute Pancreatitis. Materials & Methods: The
presentstudy is a prospective study of 100 cases ofAcute pancreatitis admitted in Osmania General Hospital during the study period from November
2020 to November 2022. Inclusion Criteria: All patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis based on Acute abdominal pain with acute pancreatitis,
Elevated serum amylase more than 3 times the normal value, Age more than 18 years and less than 65 years and both sexes. Conclusion: Ranson's
scoring system was found to be the best to predict the outcome in acute pancreatitis compared to Apache II in our study. BISAP is a good bedside
indicator with high specicity. ModiedCTseverity index is highly sensitive in predicting severity of acute pancreatitis.Advancing age, leukocytosis,
hypocalcemia andincrease inLDHlevelswere theotherfactorsfoundtobe signicantinpredictingseverityof acutepancreatitisinourstudy.
A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL PILOT STUDY ASSESSING THE OUTCOMES OF IMPLEMENTING THE ERAS PROTOCOL IN COLORECTAL SURGERY AT A NATIONAL TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Deghuria Manisha , Ahmed Seraj , Halder Tirna
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Colorectal surgery (CRC) is among the most frequently performed surgical procedures globally, predominantly for colorectal
malignancies. Despite advancements, CRC has traditionally been associated with extended postoperative hospital stays, high costs, and signicant
complication rates. Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols have been developed over the past two decades to address these issues,
aiming to reduce surgical stress, expedite recovery, and improve outcomes. This prospective observat Materials and Methods: ional study
examined the implementation of the ERAS protocol in major elective colorectal surgeries at a national tertiary care hospital in India. The study
included 50 patients who met specic inclusion criteria, such as being preoperatively ambulatory and having satisfactory nutritional status.
Exclusion criteria included emergency surgeries and patients with major complications. The ERAS protocol was divided into preoperative,
intraoperative, and postoperative components, focusing on preoperative counselling, carbohydrate loading, multimodal analgesia, early feeding,
and ambulation. The study included 50 patients with a mean age of 55.54 ± 10.76 years, with a male t Results: o female ratio of 36:14. Diagnoses
included carcinoma of the descending colon (18%), rectum (16%), and sigmoid colon (14%). The implementation of ERAS resulted in a signicant
reduction in postoperative complications. Nausea and vomiting were observed in only 4% of patients, and 92% reported satisfactory pain relief.
Early return to intestinal peristalsis (IPS) was seen in 82%, and 72% resumed diet on postoperative day 1. Early ambulation occurred in 84% of
patients. Wound infections, respiratory tract infections, and urinary tract infections were observed in 4%, 12%, and 8% of patients, respectively.
There were no mortalities or re-explorations, and readmission was observed in only 4%. The majority of patients (48%) were discharged between 5
and 7 days post-surgery. Discussion: The study's ndings align with previous research, demonstrating that ERAS protocols reduce hospital length
of stay, complications, and readmissions. The results highlight the importance of preoperative counselling, nutritional assessment, and patient
education in achieving successful outcomes. This pilot study conrms that implementing ERAS protoco Conclusion: ls in colorectal surgery
signicantly enhances recovery, reduces complications, and improves overall patient outcomes. These ndings support the wider adoption of
ERAS in colorectal surgery, emphasizing the need for strict compliance to achieve the desired benets.
EVALUATION OF SEROLOGICAL MARKERS & PLATELET COUNT IN DENGUE INFECTIONS IN PMCH, PATNA
Authors: Smriti Spriha , Kumari Babita , Kumar Vijay
Published: August 2024

Introduction- The dengue virus is arthropod borne virus-Arbovirous, belonging to family aviviridae and genus avivirus. It is a mosquito borne
viral infection and is transmitted, primarily by Aedes aegypti and sometimes by Aedes albopictus. Dengue is caused by four distinct serotypes of
viruses; DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3 AND DEN-4. Material and Method- 493 blood samples were taken from clinically suspected cases of dengue
fever reporting at the hospital. Study was done from August 2022 to August 2023. Maximum number of patients were of age group 21-30 years and
male: female ratio 3:1. The serum samples comprised of both acute and early convalescent phases depending on the reporting time of the patients.
NS1 Ag assay in comparison to IgM- ELISAin acute or early convalescent sera was evaluated. Observtion (Result)-Atotal of 118 patient (out of
493) admitted in our hospital were diagnosed to have dengue. In October maximum no. of cases (52) were seen positive followed by September
(39) cases were positive. This was followed by November (11) cases were positive. The present study included 30 (25%) female and 88 (75%) male
patients
Ketakutan terhadap Kematian Sebagai Konstituen Spiritualitas Kristen yang Autentik Menurut Eksistensialisme Søren Kierkegaard
Authors: Loupatty Abe FFB
Published: August 2024

Kematian dapat menimbulkan kengerian pada diri manusia kendati ia meyakini afterlife seperti dalam keyakinan Kristen. Kengerian terhadap kematian mendorong manusia untuk memperjuangkan kehidupan yang bersifat temporal. Ketakutan terhadap kematian (fear of death) juga menyadarkan manusia akan kefanaannya, sehingga memiliki kegentaran yang mendorongnya bertakzim dan bergantung kepada Tuhan. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan bahwa fear of death merupakan konstituen dari spiritualitas Kristen yang autentik menurut Eksistensialisme Søren Kierkegaard. Untuk itu, makalah ini akan memaparkan paradoks relasi manusia dengan hal-hal finite dalam konsep Kierkegaard mengenai iman yang terdiri atas gerakan ganda resignation dan repetition. Dalam konsep iman menurut Kierkegaard, terdapat paradoks dalam relasi manusia dengan hal-hal yang bersifat finite, di mana ia melepas (resignation) sekaligus mengharapkan kembali (repetition) relasi tersebut secara bersamaan. Dalam paradoksikal ini, fear of death membentuk spiritualitas yang autentik, sebab kematian menjadi agen yang mengakhiri relasi tersebut. Dalam spiritualitas tersebut, fear of death hadir bersama rasa syukur kepada Tuhan atas relasi dalam kehidupan temporal yang rapuh. Fear of death menunjukkan ketulusan kasih kepada Tuhan yang diekspresikan dalam relasi manusia dengan hal-hal yang finite. Spiritualitas ini memampukan manusia untuk berbahagia dengan kerapuhan kehidupan temporal. Perasaan takut dan bahagia hadir dalam gerakan ganda terhadap hal-hal finite yang terjadi dalam iman, sehingga menghasilkan paradoks emosi pada sikap manusia terhadap kerapuhan relasi yang finite tersebut. Dengan demikian, sebagai pergumulan eksistensial, fear of death merupakan konstituen dari spiritualitas autentik yang dinyatakan dalam relasi dengan Tuhan, sesama, dan relasi lainnya di dalam kehidupan temporal.
The Social Position of Children in Southern Peru During the Late Intermediate Period. Study of Mummies from San Francisco Site, Yauca Valley.
Authors: Socha Dagmara
Published: August 2024

The aim of the current paper is to investigate of the role of the children in prehispanic society from the perspective of human remains from the site of San Francisco (Yauca Valley) on the southern Peru coast dating to the Late Intermediate Period (900-1476 AC). The bioarchaeological analysis of the quality of bundle textiles, health condition, body position, the artificial head modification, and mummification techniques were used to establish if the subadults received a different treatment related to their social origins or age. A radiographic and anthropological examination was conducted to investigate 22 wrapped mummies. The result show three different types of artificial cranial modification, as well as trace of artificial mummification practices. The children (including infants) participated in the same funerary treatment as adults. The results suggest an identification with the group started at the moment of birth. The diversity of the youngest children showed a complex social structure in which social status was inherited from the parents.
Hubungan Kausalitas antara Inflasi dan Pengangguran di Indonesia Tahun 2002 - 2021
Authors: Kusumastuti Ira , Sasana Hadi
Published: August 2024

This study aims to examine the relationship between inflation and unemployment in Indonesia. The research data was taken from 2002-2021 from the World Bank (World Bank). The method used is Granger causality which previously performed the optimal lag test first. The results showed that unemployment had an effect on inflation. On the other hand, inflation has no effect on unemployment. This shows that the relationship between inflation and unemployment only occurs in one direction, namely from unemployment to inflation. Thus the trade off between inflation and unemployment occurs and inflation control must be implemented immediately.
Misja Kościuszki do Paryża w 1793 r. Wyjaśnienie sprawy memoriałów przekazanych ministrowi Lebrunowi
Authors: Balogh Michał
Published: August 2024

Kosciuszko’s mission to Paris in 1793. Clarification of the issue of the memoranda submitted to Minister Lebrun

After the fall of the Constitution of 3 May, representatives of the Polish political and military authorities decided to emigrate, heading for Saxony, among other places. There, the main representatives of the nation resolved to seek support in France, sending Tadeusz Kościuszko as a delegate to the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs for this purpose. Over the last two centuries, research into the biography of the future Supreme Commander has brought to light many controversial issues and inaccuracies concerning his stay in Saxony which are worth recalling, explaining, and correcting. Particularly important, among them, is the message addressed by Polish patriots to Minister Pierre Lebrun and the expectations they formulated through Kościuszko. Leaving Leipzig, he received two memoranda from the emigrants: the first one on the current state of Poland, and the second one describing political relations between the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Prussia in the era of the Great Sejm and the Targowica Confederation. Historians since the 19th century, however, have erroneously associated the wrong document to Kościuszko’s mission, thus overlooking the text describing Polish-Prussian relations, which no one has noticed so far. The drafts of both memoranda, found in the Potocki Public Archive, furthermore, make it possible to guess the main initiators of the texts. The particular importance of the research problem is due to the fact that the wrong memorandum, ascribed to the emigrants, is completely inconsistent with the reality of the time. Thus, the conclusions accepted so far attribute to Potocki and Kołłątaj, among other things, the intention to incite uprisings in Bohemia, Hungary, Prussia, and Russia, to establish republicanism in Russia, to raise an army of three hundred thousand soldiers, to abolish royal power and to liquidate the higher clergy in Poland. Not only has this version been consistently repeated for more than a century by Polish scholars (even in the most wide-spread publishing series), but it has also taken roots in French historiography.
EXAMINING THE CORRELATION BETWEEN SOCIAL COMPETENCE AND SOCIAL INTELLIGENCE AMONG ADOLESCENTS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF RURAL AND URBAN STUDENTS
Authors: Dr. Sandeep Kaur
Published: August 2024

Education plays a crucial role in promoting personal and societal growth of individuals. It significantly impacts different aspects of a person's life, such as their personality, social connections, and the pursuit of their goals. This study investigates the correlation between social competence and social intelligence among adolescent students in both rural and urban schools. A sample of 200 adolescent students, with an equal representation from different localities, went through assessment using the Social Competence Scale and Social Intelligence Scale. The results indicate notable variations in social intelligence depending on the location, while no significant variations were found in social competence based on location. Additionally, social competence and social intelligence were not shown to be significantly correlated. The findings offer important implications for educational practices and policies.
KEY WORDS: Social Competence, Social Intelligence, Adolescents, Comparative study
Physical therapy following surgical treatment of Achilles tendon injury: selected aspects
Authors: Kuliński Włodzisław , Jastrzębski Maciej
Published: August 2024

Aim: Achilles tendon injury is a very serious clinical problem as it prevents normal functioning, thus contributing to a reduced quality of life. The aim of this paper is to evaluate physical therapy outcomes following surgical treatment after a complete Achilles tendon rupture, which was treated either with minimally invasive (percutaneous) repair or open repair.
Materials and Methods: The paper presents physical therapy after surgical treatment following a complete loss of Achilles tendon continuity. The study involved two groups of patients who underwent surgery at the Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery of the City Polyclinic Hospital, Independent Public Healthcare Unit in Częstochowa. The follow-up period was approximately 18 months. Group 1 consisted of 23 patients after percutaneous surgical treatment and Group 2 consisted of 23 patients after open surgical treatment.
Results: Outcomes were evaluated once the treatment had been fully completed. The follow-up period was at least 18 months. Functional recovery of the operated limb was assessed, including presence of pain, range of active and passive motion, muscle strength, and presence of contractures and swelling. An ultrasound performed after treatment completion showed complete restoration of tendon continuity and tendon remodelling in all patients.
Conclusions: 1. Achilles tendon injury is a difficult clinical problem. 2. Achilles tendon injuries should be treated with surgery, including minimally invasive procedures, which seem to be more beneficial for the patient. 3. Physical therapy is the basis of management after surgical treatment in patients with Achilles tendon injury.
Exercise tolerance and thoracic mobility of patients with systemic scleroderma
Authors: Łuczak Joanna , Szczerba Michał , Szymańska Elżbieta , Jarosz-Popek Joanna , Czaplicka Anna , Walecka Irena
Published: August 2024

Aim: To analyze the exercise tolerance and thoracic mobility of patients with systemic scleroderma treated at the Department of Dermatology of the PIM of the Ministry of Internal Medicine after 2 years of individually tailored rehabilitation.
Materials and Methods: The study group consisted of 55 patients aged 27 years to 80 (mean 56.4) with systemic scleroderma, who receive rheological treatment in the Department of Dermatology on a cyclical basis. In addition, the therapy was supported by individually tailored rehabilitation for 2 years. Before and after the therapy was completed, the results of the study were analyzed. Forty-two patients completed the project.
Results: The results of the 6-minute walk test improved over the course of the project. More than half of the patients obtained results within the normal range 57.1% of the patients improved their results by completing the test compared to the beginning of the study. On the other hand, the chest circumference values obtained allow us to conclude that its momentum decreased after 2 years of rehabilitation.
Conclusions: When interpreting the result of the 6-minute test measurements, it is also necessary to take into account gait altered by changes in the skin of the feet and limitations due to muscle function. The study also shows a significant reduction in joint mobility under the influence of the lesioned skin and subcutaneous tissue.
Douglas Taylor y Melville J. Herskovits: Correspondencia entorno de al mundo garífuna y las afrodescendencias
Authors: Ramassote Rodrigo
Published: August 2024

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Editorial: Revistas, sociedad y academia
Authors: Arrivillaga-Cortés Alfonso
Published: August 2024

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CONTENT GENERATED BY ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE CONTEXT OF PROTECTION AGAINST DISINFORMATION
Authors: SOBEK Jakub Piotr
Published: August 2024

Celem artykułu jest wyjaśnienie w jaki sposób sztuczna inteligencja (AI – artificial intelligence) może wpłynąć na tworzenie i rozpowszechnianie treści w celu dezinformacji oraz jak AI wpływa na dystrybucję takich treści. Jako, że można zaobserwować wyraźny rozwój oraz wzrost popularności narzędzi do generowania treści, to ich wykorzystanie do tworzenia nieprawdziwych informacji także stale rośnie. Profesjonalne tworzone treści zarówno w formie tekstowej jak i w formie graficznej mogą być coraz trudniejsze dla czytelnika do zweryfikowania. Celem jest także identyfikacja strategii, które pozwolą na przeciwdziałanie dezinformacji tworzonej przez sztuczną inteligencję. Problem badawczy skupia się na weryfikacji, w jaki sposób narzędzia generatywne mogą być wykorzystane do tworzenia i rozpowszechniana nieprawdziwych informacji. W artykule przyjęto hipotezę, że treści generowane przez sztuczną inteligencję mogą wpłynąć na dezinformację społeczną, jednak istnieją możliwości ograniczania skutków tego negatywnego zjawiska. Metodyka badań opierała się o krytyczną analizę literatury oraz eksperymenty z użyciem popularnych narzędzi AI do generowania tekstu oraz grafik. Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań potwierdziły, że narzędzia AI mogą być wykorzystywane do tworzenia błędnych treści na dużą skalę. Stosowanie narzędzi AI nie tylko ułatwia tworzenie profesjonalnych treści, ale pozwala także na ich bardzo szybkie tworzenie, przy zastosowaniu niewielkiego nakładu pracy. Badania wykazały także, że choć stosowane są mechanizmy cenzury to istnieją metody umożliwiające przełamanie takich zabezpieczeń. W treści artykułu zostały opisane możliwości obejścia mechanizmów zabezpieczających narzędzia AI. Wnioski z badań ukazują potrzebę edukacji społeczeństwa, co stanowi kluczowy element w walce z dezinformacją. Dodatkowo, artykuł wskazuje na znaczenie odpowiedzialności mediów w procesie weryfikacji i demaskowania błędnych treści, co stanowi istotny element w przeciwdziałaniu dezinformacji.
Fixed Point Results for Geraghty Type Contractions in Extended Rec-tangular Fuzzy b-metric Space with an Application
Authors: Mehmood Faisar , Ashraf Muhammad Sohail , Hussain Nawab , Basendwah Ghada
Published: August 2024

The aim of this paper is to define the notions of extended fuzzy b-metric spaces, fuzzy rectangular b-metric spaces and extended fuzzy rectangular b-metric spaces and to establish certain fixed point results in these settings utilizing Geraghty type contractions. We also furnished an example which illustrates our main result. To show the authenticity of our results we provide an application involving fuzzy integral equation. The obtained results generalize many existing  results in the literature.
Communication Strategies for Intervention Against Breast and Prostate Cancers in Plateau State, Nigeria
Authors: Obateru Taye Cosmas , Akila Mabas Amos , Bashok Lengnen , Kazi Timothy Timjul
Published: August 2024

Effective communication strategy has been the pivot of any health campaign. While several stakeholders have made efforts to ensure that information about diseases are adequately stepped down to the public in the most effective way, global burden of disease keeps increasing, especially since the COVID-19 pandemic. This study, using breast and prostate cancers as key variables, sought to examine communication strategies to be used as intervention for breast cancer in women and prostate cancer in men. Anchored on the Health Belief Model which supports preventive, sick role and clinic use behavioural changes, the study conducted a survey across six selected LGAs in the three Senatorial Districts of Plateau State. 2,652 copies of two sets of questionnaire were distributed among the male population for prostate cancer and the female population for breast cancer. Findings of the study revealed that mainstream media platforms such as Radio and Television, with traditional channels such as worship places are the communication channels both males and females are exposed to more frequently than other contemporary channels such as Facebook and WhatsApp. It was also found out that respondents’ preferences for effective communication channels in their communities were affected by other fields of experience such as religion and settlement patterns. Furthermore, while both men and women claim to be aware of the two kinds of diseases, further analysis showed that their sources of information on health issues are limited, creating gaps in their knowledge. The researchers therefore recommended that health institutions and health communicators should devise other strategies for communicating health issues to the public, especially in rural areas where modern communication avenues are limited, such as partnering with the media to develop holistic knowledge-based information strategies that suit people with different experiences
Characterization of Dimethoxybenzene Isomers and 2,2�-dihydroxy-4,4�-dimethoxybenzophenone by Voltammetry in Acetonitrile, Allyl Alcohol and Mesityl Oxide, Effect of Electrode Size
Authors: Kiss Laszlo , Kovacs Ferenc , Yan Hui , Li Heng , Kunsagi-Mate Sandor
Published: August 2024

The electrochemistry of dimethoxybenzene isomers and 2,2�-dihydroxy-4,4�-dimethoxybenzo-phenone is discussed in this paper concerning their electrooxidation in acetonitrile, allyl alcohol and mesityl oxide. The voltammograms of 1,2- and 1,4-isomers were reproducible in each solvent, only the 1,3-isomer fouled the platinum macroelectrode. In case of 2,2�-dihydroxy-4,4�-dimethoxybenzophenone a low electronically conducting film was formed in all of the investigated solvents. In mesityl oxide, the growing film showed significant adsorption capability towards the substrate molecules. Microelectrode studies shed light to interesting phenomena due to the increased mass transport to the electrode surface, in case of dimethoxybenzenes leading to more conducting polymers. The specially formed film from 2,2�-dihydroxy-4,4�-dimethoxybenzophenone demonstrated its adsorption capability towards selected compounds.
Economic Impact of using Biomass for Biogas Production in the Context of Sustainable Development
Authors: Bielik Peter , Belinska Stefaniia , Bajusová Zuzana , Adamičková Izabela , Bullová Tatiana , Belinska Yanina , Husárová Patrícia
Published: August 2024

The negative effects of fossil fuels use on the environment and their non-renewability force economists to think about other options and ways of obtaining energy, on the one hand, from sources that are quickly renewable and, on the other hand, from those that during the process of obtaining energy do not cause excessive environmental pollution. The importance of the circular economy as a new direction of economic development is increasingly contributing to sustainable development. The diversification and expansion of economic activities are considered through biofuel production to be an effective way of increasing the share of renewable sources in solving the world's ecological problems. For governments to guarantee clean home energy access, biogas energy must be produced and used sustainably. The production of biogas from biomass has various economic effects that can significantly support sustainable development objectives. Strategic planning, cooperation, and innovation are required to optimize these economic gains to overcome governmental and regulatory difficulties, market dynamics, technological restrictions, and budgetary restraints. Market risks—classified as political, economic, social, technological, legal, and environmental (PESTLE)—impact this. To determine the PESTLE restrictions and evaluate their effects on the sustainable development of technology in the EU, this study reviews peer-reviewed literature. The Pestel method is used to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats because the market is subject to constant changes and is characterized by dynamics. PESTEL analysis can detect new opportunities in the biofuels market that a company can use for its growth and overtake potential competition in strategic steps.
Study of pharmacokinetic parameters and safety of the drug Duonica® in comparison with the original combination of doxylamine and pyridoxine under fed conditions
Authors: Shohin I. E. , Noskov S. M. , Globenko A. A. , Bagaeva N. S. , Karnakova K. K. , Parulya O. M. , Lutskova L. N. , Kapashin A. V. , Pasko M. A.
Published: August 2024

Aim. A comparative study of the pharmacokinetics and safety of the investigational drug Duonica®, enteric-soluble, film-coated tablets, 10 mg + 10 mg (Valenta Pharm JSC, Russia) and the reference drug Diclectin®, delayed-release tablets, 10 mg + 10 mg (Duchesnay Inc, Canada) was conducted as part of the bioequivalence study in healthy volunteers under fed conditions.

Material and methods. An open-label randomized crossover two-period bioequivalence study was conducted with 28 Caucasian female volunteers. The study participants were randomly divided into two groups of 14 people depending on the order of drug administration during Periods 1 and 2. Participants randomized to the first group received 2 tablets of Diclectin® during Period 1 and 2 tablets of Duonica® during Period 2. Volunteers from the second group took the study drugs in the reverse order. During each study Period, the drugs were administered after a high-calorie breakfast. The analytes studied were doxylamine and pyridoxal-5-phosphate (an active metabolite of pyridoxine). Methods were developed and validated using high-performance liquid chromatography with a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometric detector (HPLC-MS/MS) to quantify the analytes. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated from the obtained concentration values and statistical analysis was performed. To confirm bioequivalence, 90 % confidence intervals (CI) for the pharmacokinetic parameters AUC and Cmax of the studied analytes were calculated. The safety of the investigational drugs was assessed based on the frequency, severity and type of adverse events.

Results. The 90 % CI values for the ratio of Cmax and AUC(0-t) values for doxylamine were 94.08–113.71 % and 90.63–102.50 %, and for pyridoxal-5-phosphate were 97.34–123.47 % and 90.30–111.03 %, respectively. The obtained CI values were within the limits set by the regulatory requirements and the study protocol (80.00–125.00 %), which allowed us to confirm the bioequivalence of the studied drugs for both components. No adverse events were reported during the study.

Conclusion. The study investigated the pharmacokinetics of drugs containing a fixed combination of doxylamine and pyridoxine under fed conditions. The results obtained confirmed the bioequivalence of the drug Duonica® to the reference drug Diclectin®. Both drugs were well tolerated and no differences in the safety profile of the investigational drugs were observed.
Behavioral features of Wistar rats in models of autism spectrum disorders induced by prenatal or postnatal administration of sodium valproate
Authors: Savinkova E. V. , Kapitsa I. G. , Voronina T. A.
Published: August 2024

Relevance. The complexity of diagnosing and treating autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is attributed to their unknown etiology and pathophysiology. The investigation of ASD models induced by sodium valproate (VPA) holds significant importance in the development of effective pharmacological interventions for this disorder.

Objective. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of prenatal and postnatal exposure to VPA on the development of autism-like behavior in Wistar rats for further selection of appropriate therapeutic interventions.

Methods. Offspring of Wistar rats were exposed to VPA on the 12.5th day of prenatal development or postnatally on the 14th day. Evaluation included assessment of social behavior, anxiety, working memory, species-typical defensive behavior, exploratory, and locomotor activity.

Results. Prenatal VPA exposure led to reduced social interaction, increased anxiety, disruption of species-typical defensive behavior, and decreased locomotor activity in male rats. Female rats prenatally exposed to VPA exhibited social deficits, increased anxiety, hypolocomotion, and cognitive impairments, albeit without displaying aversive odor preference. Postnatal VPA exposure in male and female rats did not significantly alter social interaction and species-typical defensive behavior; however, animals exhibited reduced locomotor activity. Postnatally VPA-exposed female rats demonstrated worsened working memory and decreased exploratory behavior.

Conclusion. Both prenatal and postnatal exposure to VPA elicits behavioral disturbances resembling ASD, with gender-specific nuances, which may guide the direction of pharmacological interventions for the disorder.
Leadership Strategy in Facing Organizational Change: Case study within the Kendari City Government
Authors: Adwi Adwi , Zulkifar Mulyadi Dwi , Dzulhaji Pratama Putra Andika
Published: August 2024

This study explores effective leadership strategies in dealing with organizational change in the Kendari City government environment. By identifying the leadership approaches and practices adopted, this study seeks to provide insight into ways that can be applied to improve organizational adaptability and effectiveness in responding to the dynamics of change. This qualitative study collected data through in-depth interviews with 30 informants consisting of leaders in various departments of the Kendari City government. Data analysis was carried out using content analysis techniques to understand the perspectives, experiences, and leadership strategies used in managing change. This study uses a qualitative method with data collection through in-depth interviews with 30 informants consisting of leaders in various departments within the Kendari City Government. The data analysis technique used is content analysis, where data from interviews and documents are analyzed to identify key themes, patterns, and relationships between the concepts of leadership and change management. The research findings indicate that transformational and participatory leadership are key in dealing with organizational change. Successful leaders are those who are able to inspire, motivate, and involve team members in the change process. In addition, effective communication, consensus-based decision making, and employee empowerment are identified as practices that support the successful implementation of change strategies. Effective leadership strategies in dealing with organizational change require a combination of transformational and participative leadership styles. This study suggests the importance of leadership training that focuses on developing communication, decision-making, and empowerment skills for leaders in government environments. These findings are expected to contribute to the development of more adaptive and responsive leadership policies and practices to change in the public sector.
Financial equilibrium: An in-depth look at working capital management and productivity in manufacturing SMEs in Ecuador
Authors: Valencia-Nuñez Edison Roberto , Velastegui Villacis Erika Belén , Jordán Vaca Jorge Enrique , Abril Flores Jorge Francisco
Published: August 2024

The manufacturing industry is one of the main axes of the economy, which has been affected by the global economic crisis, so the competent authorities must address this problem by efficiently using the administration and management of resources. This research aimed to analyze working capital as a function of productivity in manufacturing SMEs in Zone 3 of Ecuador, one of the most important sectors worldwide. It has a quantitative approach, through the statements of financial situation presented in the SUPERCIAS of 112 SMEs in the years 2017 to 2020 that have remained constant over time, to carry out this process, data obtained from secondary sources were recorded by means of an observation sheet. Descriptive statistics, Spearman's Rho correlation, multivariate statistics, and principal component analysis, were used to perform a multiple linear regression model to detect the best year for predictions. The results showed that both small and medium-sized companies presented positive values with respect to the average working capital and productivity. On the other hand, for the year 2020 the two variables were affected due to the pandemic in this sector reducing their values, working capital and productivity have an average positive correlation; it was also determined that the year 2018 is the best year for predictions, being that the variables studied are financial indicators that contribute to the decision making in the companies.
The impact of financial leverage on accrual-based and real earnings management considering role of growth opportunities
Authors: Awad Akram Abbas , Foroghi Daruosh , Dastjerdi Alireza Rahrovi
Published: August 2024

Research hypotheses that focus on financial leverage, earnings management, and sustainability factors which include growth potential will be highlighted in this study. Data collection includes all establishments that are trading on the Iraq Stock Exchange which is the sample population. Data comprised 31 issuers; selection was done systematically by eliminating companies from fiscal years 2009 through the year 2021. Estimation of the multivariate regression model used panel data actually to test hypotheses of this study. In relation to hypotheses, findings show that real EMS is not affected by financial leverage while accrual EMS is negatively affected. Furthermore, the research finds that a pertinent issue in this regard is the fact that the negative influence of monetary leverage on accrual-based earnings administration increases when growth opportunities are present. In another case, the relationship between monetary leverage and real earnings management does not depend on growth opportunity. Hence, this study shows the need to factor in sustainability elements like readiness for growth when examining the relation between financial leverage, earning management, and company performance.
Protection of Local Cultural Heritage in South Sumatera: Agenda-Setting Policy
Authors: Husyam Husyam , Sobri Kiagus Muhammad , Sobri Kiagus Muhammad , Alamsyah Alamsyah
Published: August 2024

Identity and local cultural heritage are different aspects, but having played important elements which create character, identity which must be preserve and maintain properly. The paper aims to analyze and examine the public policy formulation of Regional Regulation (Peraturan Daerah) number 2 of 2021 concerning the ornament building with special identity of South Sumatera. The study is undertaken through qualitative methods, through modelling case study in Palembang, applying with the Multiple Streams Framework (MSF) to highlight how several elements or streams interact to affect the acceptance of particular policies. This paper reveals that, the Regional Regulation has successfully ratified though the important role of Governor as policy entrepreneurial. Therefore, by applying MSF theory has utilizes public policy process in the preservation cultural heritage in South Sumatera context. It also recommends further policy through the establishment of cultural heritage conservation agencies, which can collaborate with local communities, researchers, and experts to develop effective preservation strategies.
The Relationship between Situational Leadership, Digital Transformation, and Adversity Quotient with the Performance of Vocational High School Teachers
Authors: Pane Yenni Khairani , Darwin Darwin , Rahman Arif
Published: August 2024

This study examines the interrelationships among situational leadership, digital transformation, adversity quotient (AQ), and teacher performance in Vocational High Schools (SMK) in Deli Serdang. The research involved 130 teachers, with a sample of 30 teachers selected through stratified random sampling. Data were collected using validated questionnaires measuring situational leadership, digital transformation readiness, AQ, and perceived teacher performance. The findings reveal significant positive correlations and predictive relationships among these variables. Situational leadership, aligned with Hersey and Blanchard’s theory, demonstrates its effectiveness in adapting leadership styles to meet teachers' varying needs and competencies. Digital transformation emerges as a strong predictor of teacher performance, emphasizing the importance of integrating technology into educational practices to enhance engagement and learning outcomes. Moreover, teachers with higher AQ exhibit greater resilience and adaptive capabilities, positively influencing their performance in managing classroom challenges and maintaining motivation amidst professional pressures. These findings underscore the importance of adaptive leadership, technological integration, and resilience building in fostering a supportive environment for teacher development and educational excellence. Practical implications highlight the need for leadership training programs that emphasize adaptive approaches, comprehensive strategies for digital integration, and resilience-building initiatives to support teachers’ professional growth. Future research could explore longitudinal impacts and qualitative dimensions to further enrich understanding of how these factors contribute to sustained teacher effectiveness and student achievement.
4ª Conferência Nacional de Cultura : subsídios pra discussão
Authors:   Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (Ipea)
Published: August 2024

O texto aborda a evolução histórica da estrutura institucional da cultura no Brasil, enfatizando a influência de instituições autônomas como a Biblioteca Nacional, o Iphan e a Funarte. Apesar do surgimento do Ministério da Cultura em 1985 e da Constituição Federal de 1988, que estabeleceram um Estado cultural federativo, a política cultural sempre foi fragmentada, enfrentando desafios na implementação de um pacto federativo integrado. Os eixos da 4ª Conferência Nacional de Cultura estabelecem diretrizes estruturantes, destacando a necessidade de recorrer ao diagnóstico de políticas públicas para avaliar a situação atual. O diagnóstico contínuo é ressaltado como crucial para aprimorar o funcionamento das políticas culturais, revelando desafios como a ineficiência dos dados disponíveis, prejudicando a compreensão do panorama cultural. A diversidade cultural exige uma abordagem sensível, mas a falta de informações específicas compromete a avaliação e monitoramento das políticas culturais, tornando urgente o investimento em sistemas de coleta de dados mais eficazes.
Assessoria técnica a municípios e a PNDU : potencial de formação de uma rede de assessoria com instituições de ensino superior
Authors:   Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (Ipea)
Published: August 2024

Este Relatório Institucional compõe um conjunto de cinco estudos sobre governança na Política Nacional de Desenvolvimento Urbano (PNDU) do estudo contratado por meio do Termo de Execução Descentralizada (TED) nº 71/2019 firmado entre o Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (Ipea) e a Secretaria de Mobilidade e Desenvolvimento Regional e Urbano do Ministério de Desenvolvimento Regional. Seu objeto é a análise do potencial de prestação de assistência técnica em desenvolvimento urbano sustentável a municípios-polos da rede policêntrica de cidades por instituições federais de ensino superior (IES).
Peace Education as a Need for Inmates Rehabilitation and Integration. Children at Munzenze Prison, the Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: NTEBA MUKENDI Alexandre MWANA-
Published: August 2024

Basically, detained children, like any other children, have the right to education. Unfortunately in most of prisons worldwide, education programs seem not to meet the general requirements or are simply forgotten. In some cases, these programs are not available when on the other side, they are unable to respond to their major goal of preparing children inmates for rehabilitation and reintegration into their community. That is the case at Munzenze prison in the Democratic Republic of Congo where evidence shows that there is no education program for children inmates. This paper tries to identify the gaps while establishing the urgency for correctional education especially the need for peace education. This could be a good way to help the children to return to their society. Data were collected through interviews using a question guide.
Assessment on the Operational Management Issues on the Wind Energy Technologies on National Energy Security
Authors: Ramesh Lokesh
Published: August 2024

The occurrence of wind is a consequence of the uneven heating and cooling of different areas throughout the Earth's diverse topography. To attain a state of balance, comparable to the phenomenon of mixing hot and cold water in a bathtub, the Earth's atmospheric air undergoes global circulation, encountering changes in speed as it moves through valleys and accelerates across rivers. This occurrence produces wind, as would be expected. Wind turbines, akin to windmills, use the kinetic energy of the wind via the utilisation of rotor blades that have resemblance to propellers. The blades of these devices may be aligned in either a horizontal axis, like a fan, or a vertical axis, resembling a merry-go-round. Energy security involves several facets, mostly centred on the assurance of long-term availability of energy supplies. This is achieved by timely investments that are aligned with economic improvements and environmental considerations. The importance of wind energy technology has grown in the pursuit of maintaining national energy independence. The research aims to identify and evaluate the Operational Management Issues on the Wind Energy Technologies on National Energy Security. The present dissertation adopts a Positivist research philosophy and applies a quantitative approach to examine the key aspects related to wind energy technologies and their influence on national energy security. Multiple criteria are discovered, and questionnaires are developed to collect data. The survey was conducted using the 'Qualtrics' platform, with a sample size of 96 participants. The collected data was then analysed using Factor Analysis. The primary objective of this research is to provide valuable insights on the effectiveness of wind energy technologies within the framework of national energy security. from the factor analysis the author gathered three components and developed a model for the effective utilization of wind energy technologies for improving the national energy security.
An archaeology of animism
Authors: Solfeldt Erik
Published: August 2024

The paper focuses on the material known as Mesolithic portable art. Earlier research has interpreted the material as representative art relating to ideology, mythology, prestige, ritual practices and tribalism. Such interpretations are based on theoretical frameworks that build on hylomorphism and Cartesian metaphysics, resulting in this material being viewed as static objects of art. I offer a new theoretical framework informed by a new animist perspective, coupled with Tim Ingold’s meshwork, Giordano Bruno’s theory of bonds and Chantal Conneller’s relational
chaîne opératoire
. I conclude that the engravings on the tools and pendants are communications to the animated subjects that make up and inhabit the environment. Furthermore, I conclude that the binary positions of function and ritual cannot be applied when studying the form-generating process of this material, as the tools and pendants along with the imagery are a result of what is in between these binary positions.
Re-evaluating late Mesolithic economies
Authors: Hellerøe Sofie F
Published: August 2024

The late Mesolithic hunter-gatherers of what is now Denmark have long captivated archaeologists, who have meticulously studied the archaeological remains of their foraging economy since the mid-twentieth century. However, these studies – predominantly focused on subsistence – have often overlooked how individual decisions based on social and environmental settings can greatly structure foraging behaviours and, subsequently, the patterns observed in the zooarchaeological record. Perceiving hunting not just as an activity, but as a cultural practice shaping identities and social bonds, underscores the importance of considering social, symbolic and economic dimensions in Mesolithic hunting research.

This study bridges this gap by integrating theoretical frameworks from human behavioural ecology (HBE), such as optimal foraging theory (OFT), costly signalling theory (CST) and notions of prestige. By doing so, it aims to elucidate the complex motivations underlying prey selection among the Ertebølle hunters. Through analysis of five sites from the Danish Ertebølle period (5400–3950 BC) using a simplified prey choice model (PCM), this research seeks to shed light on the interplay of ecological and social factors shaping hunting practices. The findings are discussed through the lens of optimal choice and prestige to examine patterns of prey selection at these archaeological sites.
On index divisors and monogenity of certain octic number fields defined by

x
8

+
a

x
3

+
b
Authors: Kchit Omar
Published: August 2024

UDC 511
For any octic number field

K

generated by a root

α

of a monic irreducible trinomial

F

(
x
)

=

x
8

+
a

x
3

+
b
∈
ℤ

[
x
]

and for every rational prime

p
,

we show when

p

divides the index of

K
.

  We also describe the prime power decomposition of the index

i

(
K
)

.

 In this way, we give a partial answer to { Problem

22

} of Narkiewicz [Elementary and analytic theory of algebraic numbers, Springer-Verlag, Auflage (2004)] for this family of number fields. As an application of our results, we conclude that if

i

(
K
)

≠
1
,

  then

K

is not monogenic. We illustrate our results by some computational examples.