bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is Community Informatics Good for Communities? Questions Confronting an Emerging Field
Authors: Stoecker Randy R
Published: December 2020

This paper addresses a number of questions confronting the emerging field of community informatics. First, is it a field of study or a field of practice? Second, is the focus of community informatics on communities, information, or technology? Third, does community informatics serve elites, academics, community workers, or community workers? The paper moves from these questions to develop an empowerment model for community informations, emphasizing a community development approach combined with an information focus and a participatory process. It concludes with the question of whether community informatics should strive to be a supporting field rather than develop as an independent arena of study or practice.
Crisis, Farming & Community
Authors: Hagar Chris , Haythornthwaite Caroline
Published: December 2020

In 2001, the UK was hit by Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) precipitating one of the biggest crises ever to affect the UK farming system. The crisis unfolded as a series of information and communication problems, from government to farmers and from farmers to farmers, with consequences for action in a time of crisis, social support, and the maintenance of community. What happens to a farming community during such a crisis? When the countryside shuts down, and no one can enter or leave the farm, how can information be disseminated? As methods of dealing with the disease change rapidly, as happened in this crisis, how can information be delivered in a timely and coordinated manner? To explore these questions, data have been gathered from reports and writing about the crisis, and from interviews with Cumbrian farmers. Although we will address throughout the multiple information channels used by farmers, this paper focuses on the role of information and communication technologies (ICTs) during the crisis, notably a community networking initiative known as Pentalk. We conclude with a look at the current role of Pentalk in the farming community, and with discussion of how networks such as these can help during crises involving major information and communication management.
A Research Design to Build Effective Partnerships between City Planners, Developers, Government and Urban Neighbourhood Communities
Authors: Foth Marcus , Adkins Barbara
Published: December 2020

Communities of place feature prominently in new urbanism movements and in master-planned inner-city developments that result from urban renewal. This papers point of departure is the stark contrast between the widespread use of mobile and ubiquitous media and communications technology by urban dwellers on the one hand and endemic forms of urban alienation and the disappearance or non-existence of urban neighbourhood community identity on the other. Networked individualism introduces challenges to conventional understandings of place and public places. It opens up opportunities to build partnerships between architecture, city planning and urban studies in order to re-conceptualise the understanding of community and neighbourhood planning in the light of new media and network ICTs. However, such a re-conceptualisation has not been achieved yet because of a lack of theoretical and practical understandings of the freedom and constraints and the social and cultural meanings that urban dwellers derive from their use of place-based ICT systems. The paper argues that in order to gain a better understanding of the continued purpose and relevance of urban neighbourhood communities in metropolitan areas and their changing role within a network society, the scope and structure of the communicative ecologies and social networks created and maintained by residents in urban residential real estate needs to be investigated empirically to inform city design and planning. The paper discusses a cross-disciplinary research design to build effective partnerships between city planners, developers, government, education and urban neighbourhood communities.
Making Use of Scenarios for Achieving Effective Use in Community Computing Contexts
Authors: Lee Roderick L , Ganoe Craig H , Schafer Wendy A , Merkel Cecelia B , Carroll John M. , Rosson Mary Beth
Published: December 2020

The concept of effective use is gaining currency as a way of thinking about usability in community informatics. Broadly defined, effective use is the opportunity and capacity of a community group to leverage information communications technologies (ICTs) in order to achieve their goals. Although effective use is a worthy goal, a process for achieving effective use is not clearly defined. This paper combines the concept of scenarios from human-computer interaction (HCI) and participatory design (PD) in order to identify a design process to enhance participation and technological decision making in community information systems design projects. Our process for achieving effective use focuses first on the efficacy of scenarios as a tool to encourage and support participatory design, and second as an anchoring and adjustment heuristic. This study concludes with future research on effective use in community informatics.
Towards Supporting Community Information Seeking and Use
Authors: Nnadi Nkechi , Gurstein Michael
Published: December 2020

In this paper we explore issues surrounding the design of systems that will effectively support community information seeking and use. We discuss the need for information retrieval systems to move away for the single user paradigm to one that recognizes the collaborative nature of information seeking and use. We also examine the collaborative information retrieval literature and derive implications for community informatics. The paper also explores the unique challenges of designing systems to support information seeking and use in a community context, and attempts to provide design guidelines that will enable researchers and practitioners to develop such systems.
Manteniendo lazos vía Web: El Caso de las Comunidades Mexicanas de Emigrantes en los EUA
Authors: Gonzalez Victor M , Castro-Quiroa Luis A
Published: December 2020

Migration has gained considerable attention in the past few years all over the world. The migratory phenomenon has already affected many countries and is likely to deeply reshape forever their societies and regulations. Of particular interest is the migratory flow from Mexico to the USA, which is identified as one of the most important labor related worldwide. It has been found that migration can potentially have a major impact on individuals leaving home as they can experience nostalgic feelings. As a result of physical distance, family members look for closeness to prevail by maintaining in permanent communication. This paper offers an analysis of web sites from Mexican diasporic communities living in the US, aiming to reveal the level of presence of those communities on the Internet as well as to characterize the support they provide for living-away members of the communities.
La Promoción de las TIC para el Desarrollo en Pueblos Indígenas: Extensión o Comunicación
Authors: Medellin Urquiaga Sofía Irene , Huerta Velázquez Erick
Published: December 2020

A partir de la pregunta planteada por Paolo Freire en su ensayo ¿Extensión o Comunicación? (1976). El artículo examina el proceso en que el desarrollo de las TIC ha sido instrumentado por algunas políticas gubernamentales en Latinoamérica ¿Ha sido este un proceso extensionista, que impone una forma de entender la realidad sobre otra; o un proceso de comunicación, guiado por un diálogo recíproco que permita a las comunidades definir las ventajas y utilidades de la incorporación de las  TIC en su vida cotidiana?
Programa de Intercambio entre operadores de telecentros. Una nueva generación de redes en el movimiento de telecentros panamericano.
Authors: Maeso Oscar
Published: December 2020

This article analyzes the Telecenters Exchange Program, a pilot program implemented in the last six months of 2006. It describes the agents that have participated in its design and execution, the processes conducted, challenges, and the major learning achievements faced towards joint drafting of network-based projects.
Apropiación de las tecnologías móviles desde un espejo lejano: infiltración barroca, creolización y canibalismo
Authors: Davidziuk Alejandra
Published: December 2020

Este trabajo de investigación del lado de la demanda utiliza la sugerencia evocadora del Manifiesto Caníbal Brasileño para considerar la apropiación de las tecnologías móviles y sus contribuciones para repensar el impacto público de esos dispositivos en América Latina. Los autores sugieren analizar cómo la gente opera los teléfonos móviles a fin de demostrar que esos dispositivos tecnológicos pueden ser considerados como herramientas para el desarrollo y el cambio cultural.
Is There A Wireless Community Informatics?
Authors: Gurstein Michael
Published: December 2020

Is There A Wireless Community Informatics?
Evolving Relationships: Universities, Researchers and Communities
Authors: Gurstein Michael
Published: December 2020

Editorial
Tele-Physical Examination and Tele-Care Systems for Elderly People
Authors: Chang Maiga , Heh Jia-Sheng , Lin Hwei-Nung
Published: December 2020

Access to Healthcare is significant especially to elderly people who are living independently. An Internet-based tele-healthcare system can decrease costs both in time and travel as for example, elderly people don't need to travel to the hospital for routine physical examinations. This research uses state-and-transition graph analysis to plan and design a tele-healthcare system. The state-and-transition graph makes the healthcare process clearer and ensures that correct care interventions are made at the right time. With the tele-healthcare system, elderly people can do physical examinations at home. The examination data are sent to the tele-healthcare server via the Internet and are analyzed and categorized into four alarm levels. The system then arranges correspondent care actions automatically. The system has been used by Care Centre of Elderly People in Taiwan.
Can The Nintendo Wii(tm) Sports Game System Be Effectively Utilized In The Nursing Home Environment: A Feasibility Study?
Authors: Keogh Justin W.L. , Power Nicola , Wooler Leslie , Lucas Patricia , Whatman Chris
Published: December 2020

This mixed-method study examined the feasibility and potential benefits of five weeks of Nintendo Wii SportsTM (NWS) play for 11 nursing home residents. Nursing home staff and residents suggested that the NWS is feasible in the nursing home context and that it has psychosocial benefits. While no significant changes in dynamic stability, health-related quality of life (QOL) or fear of falling were observed (p = 0.185-0.841), a moderate effect size for physical health-related QOL was found. Randomized controlled trials involving larger samples and more outcome measures appear required to determine the possible benefits of the NWS for nursing home residents.
Older Adults and Video Communications: A Case Study
Authors: Milliken Mary , ODonnell Susan , Gibson Kerri , Daniels Betty
Published: December 2020

Research is absent on how older adults are using video communications – online video, video calls and videoconferencing – that offer rich opportunities for social connection. Our case study focuses on how and why 16 older adults (55 to 77 years old) in a small Canadian city are using video communications. We conducted quantitative and qualitative analyses to explore their use of video communications, their motivation for using it, the barriers and challenges they face, and the benefits they experience – in particular social presence. Our findings show that older adults are regular users of information and communication technologies (ICT). None of the participants in our study fit the ageist stereotype of frail or disinterested in technologies.
How Not to Forget Your Next Appointment: Use Technology to Combat the Effects of Aging
Authors: Beitzel Brian D.
Published: December 2020

Scientists have long suspected that purposeful mental activity eases the deterioration of cognitive capacities later in life. Over the last several years, evidence confirming this view has been accumulating. With the expansion of technological developments, there are now even more options for the elderly to take control of mental decline.
Trustworthy Records and Open Data
Authors: Thurston Anne Catherine
Published: December 2020

The Open Data movement has assumed that that accurate data is available to demonstrate government expenditure and actions. However, in many countries, the records of government policies, activities and transactions that should provide the basis for a large proportion of government data are incomplete, inaccurate or inaccessible.  This will result in inaccurate data. This paper suggests that alongside the enthusiasm for Open Data, there needs to be parallel attention to ensuring that government records are managed as the evidence base for Open Government. The paper explores key records issues that will affect Open Data and draws attention to the value of international records management standards.
From Associations To Info-Sociations: Civic Associations And ICT In Two Asian Cities
Authors: Sadoway David
Published: December 2020

Civic non-profit associations are experimenting with Information Communications Technologies (ICTs) as tools for transforming their work. The hybrid “info-sociation” concept—combining information and association—is introduced here for studying ICT-linked transformations. An info-sociational diagnostic supports comparisons of ICT praxis at civic associations in Hong Kong and Taipei, including transformations in: governance; organizational and participatory practices. These case studies also explore how civic environmentalists are experimenting with ICTs, including: green new media; map mash-ups for urban monitoring; digital storytelling; and e-platforms for public participation. The working diagnostic introduced in this paper serves three ends: 1) studying the shift from associations to info-sociations; 2) comparing civic strategies for ICT uses; and 3) theorizing about the co-evolution of local civic associations and ICTs.
Towards the Internet as a Global Public Good
Authors: Gurstein Michael
Published: December 2020

Editorial: Towards the Internet as a Global Public Good
‘MYBus’: Young People's Mobile Health, Wellbeing and Digital Inclusion
Authors: Nansen Bjorn , Chakraborty Kabita , Gibbs Lisa , MacDougall Colin , Vetere Frank
Published: December 2020

As part of an ethnographic study researching the role of information and communication technology use in mediating young people’s social inclusion in an outer urban growth area of Melbourne, Australia, this paper reports on a case study of a community mobile youth centre, named MYBus. The MYBus is a converted passenger coach that operates as a mobile youth centre for young people aged 12-25. It aims to provide young people with up-to-date youth-specific information and resources, especially access to health and wellbeing information and services. The bus has been fitted with laptop computers, Internet access, Wii games, D.J. console and other gaming devices to support this engagement. This paper examines how the aggregation of digital media on MYBus not only has direct healthcare benefits, but also enables a broader approach to young people’s wellbeing by providing resources for digital access and participation. In particular, the mobilisation of these technologies operates to redress geographic and socioeconomic inequities for young people living on the urban fringe. We discuss this digital inclusion through research findings related to young people’s digital access, mediation, and mobility in the use of the MYBus technologies. This empirical work is situated theoretically by connecting this mobile digital inclusion with literature on young people’s social capital, to develop the concept of children’s e-mobility capital.
Appropriation of ICTs by informal communities in metropolitan cities. The case of the “La Salada” market in the Latin American context
Authors: Schiavo Ester , Rodríguez Sergio , Vera Paula
Published: December 2020

Informality is a characteristic feature of Latin American metropolises. In this context it is fitting to ponder the ways in which ICTs are appropriated and developed by informal communities. For this, the case of La Salada is proposed, the largest informal market in the region. Some of the questions that guide the analysis are as follows: Do these communities use and develop functional technologies for their own ends? Are they involved in processes of co-creation of technologies or technological innovation? Do they use social networks for specific ends? What are the effects of ICT integration, and do these strengthen community identity? Do they contribute in any way to formalising activities?
The ecology of linking technologies: toward a non-instrumental look at new technological repertoires
Authors: Gómez Rocío
Published: December 2020

The article examines one of the analytical fronts dealt with in the doctoral thesis “Making Sense in the Contemporary City: Young People and New Technological Repertoires”. The paper focuses on the follow-up and examination of the framework of technological relationships between human and non-human agents. The study allowed us to advance in the comprehension of the new technological repertoires (mobile telephone, chat, Internet) not as isolated instruments which are added to the social life of the subjects, but as technological mediations for the construction of social links, that is, as linking machines. The people do not relate with discrete and individualized technologies but with authentic technological settings in which both convergent and divergent relationships are generated.  We denominate this conjunction of technologies as the ecology of technologies. It proposes eight technological techno-mediation linking systems which are useful for analyzing the variations of the techno-linking settings of the urban young people, that is, the variation of ways in which young people operate different technologies to build and strengthen their social links.. It questions some of the frequently simplifying conceptions regarding “the young user of new technologies”.
The Emergence of Converging Communities via Twitter
Authors: Loureiro-Koechlin Cecilia , Butcher Tim
Published: December 2020

Social networking site (SNS) communities emerge from socialization, when groups of people empathize and discover similarities between themselves. These communities are not defined by the place or the account but by people and participation. We validate a conceptual framework of how communities form and grow via SNS from ethnographic research of an online group that has emerged from converging social networks on Twitter. We define layers of use, the roles individuals adopt in these emerging communities, and their strategies for co-existence. This is underpinned by an exploration of how groups transition from interest-driven origins to supporting friendship-driven interactions.
Telecentre functionality in South Africa: Re-enabling the community ICT access environment
Authors: Attwood Heidi , Diga Kathleen , Braathen Einar , May Julian
Published: December 2020

The problems with telecentres are well documented.   Based on a participatory action research project that directly contributed to improved quality of life for 35% of participants and indirectly for another 41% of participants, this paper presents key factors affecting the use of telecentres by poorer people to empower themselves to improve their quality of life. Understanding the numerous interlinking problems surrounding the functionality and use of telecentres as factors of structure and agency as presented in Kleine’s Choice Framework (2011), provides a useful departure point to re-invent telecentres as active citizen development centres.
Reporting on Accessibility Challenges Experienced by South Africa’s Older Mobile Phone Users
Authors: Van Biljon Judy , Renaud Karen , Van Dyk Tobie
Published: December 2020

How might accessibility of mobile telephony affect inter-generational knowledge transfer in developing communities? Motivated by this research question, we investigated mobile phones as potential facilitators of knowledge transfer between generations in South Africa, as an example of a developing country. We focused on mobile phone accessibility for the elderly community, as revealed and interpreted by the younger community. Our analysis uncovers severe accessibility issues that hinder the adoption of mobile devices. We also gained novel insights into inter-generational differences in terms of teaching and learning expectations. Finally, we consider what needs to be in place to encourage the growth of a thriving trans-generational digital community in a developing country.
The Ornamented Tile-Stove From the V. Kochubei’s House in Baturyn
Authors: Myronenko Liudmyla , Korokhina Anastasia , Belskyi Volodymyr
Published: December 2020

In 2015 during the archaeological excavations on the territory of “Kochubei” park in Baturyn a blockage of tiles was discovered in cultural layer. The blockage, besides tiles, contained broken bricks, yellow clay, and little fractures of lime. Discovered materials were remains from the tile-stove, located in the smallest room of the General Judge V. Kochubei’s house, which probably was a girls’ room. Found tiles fragments belonged to at least of 38 specimens. The tiles collection is represented by two varieties of panel and cornice tiles. All products are unglazed, have a relief floral motif and the traces of shoot inside. The surfaces of some items were covered by a layer of chalk. Based on constructional (a type of rim figuration) and decorative features there was noticed similarities between pairs panel—cornice tiles. Petrographic and elemental analyses have showed that all tiles were made of clay from one deposit and burnt at the same temperature within two similar or one cycle. Written sources about the organization of workshop craft, analysis, design, and decorative features of the products allowed assuming that two masters of the same craft association worked on the stove construction and the production of tiles for it. The tiles set attest to the two-tiers stove. The well-known Baturyn, Ukrainian and foreign analogies let us graphically recreate the appearance of the tile stove and its estimated size. The tile-stove was built between 1700 and 1708 when the house belonged to V. Kochubei, and later it was destroyed in the second half of the XVIII c., not earlier than in 1778. Accordingly, the tile stove from the girl’s room had existed in the house for 70—78 years, during which it had been whitewashed, possibly repeatedly, to hide traces of soot and dust on the surface.
Disagreement About Surgical Intervention in Trisomy 18
Authors: Kochan Michael , Cho Eunsung , Mercurio Mark , Greco Megan , Savarese Anne M. , Falck Alison
Published: December 2020

In this case, we explore physician conflict with performing surgery (tracheostomy) for long-term ventilation in a term infant with trisomy 18 and respiratory failure. Experts in neonatal-perinatal medicine, pediatric bioethics, and pediatric palliative care have provided comments on this case. An additional commentary was written by the parent of another infant with trisomy 18, who is also a medical provider (physical therapist).
Sobrevida de adultos jovens com carcinoma de células escamosas oral em uma população do Brasil
Authors: Amorim Marília de Matos , Leite Maria Carolina Silva , Alves Lísia Daltro Borges , Da Silva Carlos Alberto Lima , Dos Santos Jean Nunes , Freitas Valéria Souza
Published: December 2020

Objetivo Analisar o perfil e a sobrevida de adultos jovens com carcinoma de células escamosas oral, atendidos entre 2010 a 2016 na Unidade de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia de Feira de Santana, Brasil.Métodos Coorte retrospectiva, realizada através das informações dos prontuários de todos os pacientes jovens atendidos no referido centro. Foi realizada análise descritiva das variáveis, teste exato de Fisher, curva de Kaplan-Meier e teste log rank.Resultados Um total de 35 pacientes foram registrados. A maioria era do sexo masculino, fumantes e etilistas. Os tumores estavam localizados predominantemente em língua, diagnosticados tardiamente e classificados como bem diferenciado, tendo como tratamento de escolha cirurgia associada a radioterapia e quimioterapia. O tempo mediano de sobrevida foi de 31 meses e 22,8% dos pacientes foram a óbito. As variáveis que apresentaram significância estatística em relação ao tempo de sobrevida foram a localização do tumor e o tipo de tratamento.Conclusão O perfil e o baixo tempo de sobrevida refletem a necessidade de uma maior atenção à doença nesta população.
Multimorbidade em idosos de um município do nordeste brasileiro: prevalência e fatores associados
Authors: Barreto Santos Loiamara , Vasconcelos Rocha Saulo , Souza Lessa Rosângela , Alves Vilela Alba Benemérita
Published: December 2020

Objetivo Estimar a prevalência e os fatores associados à presença de multimorbidade na população idosa do município de Ibicuí - BA.Métodos Estudo realizado com 310 idosos com idade ≥ 60 anos, de ambos os sexos, residentes no município de Ibicuí - BA. Foram coletadas informações sociodemográficas e informações pessoais, condições de vida, hábitos de vida, massa corporal, estatura e presença de multimorbidade. Utilizou-se análise descritiva e foram estimadas razões de prevalência de multimorbidade, segundo variáveis de interesse. Como medida de significância estatística foi utilizado o teste de Qui-quadrado de Pearson, adotando-se p≤0,05. A análise multivariada hierarquizada por Regressão de Poisson foi empregada após análise bivariada para seleção das variáveis independentes (p<0,20).Resultados A prevalência geral de multimorbidade foi de 80,3%. Na análise multivariada hierarquizada, apresentaram associação significativa, as variáveis sexo e renda mensal (p<0,05). Os resultados mostraram uma elevada prevalência de multimorbidade na população investigada e essa condição foi mais acentuada entre as mulheres e aqueles com menor nível econômico.Conclusões Faz-se necessário redirecionar o planejamento das ações de saúde no município, com mudanças na política de atenção à saúde do idoso e, principalmente, nas redes de suporte social que amparam esses indivíduos, uma vez que, nesta localidade, a presença de multimorbidade esteve relacionada a questões socioeconômicas.
Impacto socioeconómico del manejo actual de la pancreatitis aguda de origen biliar severa: estudio comparativo
Authors: Cabrera Vargas Luis Felipe , Hernandez Bello Luisa Fernanda , Urrutia Andrés , Marroquin Luis , Pedraza Ciro Mauricio , Padilla Pinzon Laura Tatiana , Pulido Segura Jean André , Sánchez Ussa Sebastián , Salcedo Diego , Suarez Joaquin
Published: December 2020

Objetivo La pancreatitis aguda de origen biliar es una patología gastrointestinal común, en donde el tratamiento oportuno es el pilar más importante a pesar de sus discrepancias. El objetivo del estudio es establecer el impacto socioeconómico en el manejo actual de esta patología, comparando dos hospitales de tercer nivel de estrato socioeconómico alto y bajo de la ciudad de Bogotá, Colombia.Materiales y Métodos Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, comparativo de corte transversal entre enero de 2012 y diciembre de 2017, en dos hospitales de Bogotá D. C. Se evaluaron sus características socioeconómicas, género, tiempo de evolución al momento de la consulta, Marshall score, estancia en UCI, estancia hospitalaria, complicaciones, manejo quirúrgico y mortalidad.Resultados Se analizaron 101 pacientes de dos estratos socioeconómicos diferentes (alto y bajo). Se encontró que los pacientes de estrato bajo tienen un riesgo diez veces mayor de requerir un procedimiento quirúrgico. Asimismo, registraron una mayor mortalidad en comparación con pacientes de estrato alto (11,3% vs. 4,2%). También se evidenciaron más complicaciones en el grupo de nivel socioeconómico bajo con respecto al alto, como en la falla exocrina (81,1% vs. 31,3%) y el síndrome compartimental (35,8% vs. 4,2%).Conclusión Se encuentra mayor morbimortalidad en los pacientes de bajo nivel socioeconómico en el contexto de esta patología. Este estudio puede guiar a nuevas investigaciones acerca del impacto socioeconómico en los desenlaces de pancreatitis aguda severa.
Companies investing in real estate leasing or rental (finn) as Poland's reit – the concept of institutional change
Authors: Papież Renata
Published: December 2020

The planned incorporation into the Polish legal system in the near future and, consequently, the introduction of Companies Investing in Real Estate Leasing or Rental (FINN) into the Polish capital market will result in an institutional change within the financial system. Similarly to closed-ended investment funds and real estate joint-stock companies, the FINN companies will specialize in investing capital in the residential real estate market, and later perhaps also in the commercial real estate market. The principles of FINN’s activities included in the legislative draft are modelled directly on the legal regime of the Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT), therefore, they will be subject to numerous prohibitions and limitations, introducing organizational controls and restrictions to the investments, which however is rationally justified. These procedures aim at creating an entity with a structure of a relatively neutral, passive real estate broker or intermediary, focused solely on generating benefits for investors-shareholders.
The initiation of the FINN market in Poland, and thus the scale of the ensuing institutional change, will be determined by the inclination of joint stock companies from the WIG-Nieruchomości index (Warsaw Stock Exchange Real Estate Index) to transform into FINN companies. In turn, this inclination will be determined by the conditions of institutional change – mostly of a legislative and market-driven character. With this in mind, the aim of this study is to conduct a preliminary analysis of the conditions of institutional change and present a forecast of the development potential of the WIG-Nieruchomości companies, which, due to their very similar scope and form of activity, constitute the main functional basis for the emergence of the FINN market as a new, separate segment of the capital market in Poland.
Using written information to answer questions in rehabilitation after traumatic brain injury
Authors: Hamann Magnus G.T.
Published: December 2020

This paper examines how objects with written information are used in a rehabilitation setting with a person who has suffered a traumatic brain injury, focusing on how objects designed extra-locally are used as resources to engage in secondary activities. Through analysis of the verbal and embodied actions in sequences where objects with written information are made relevant, this paper examines the possible trajectories that emerge in an institutional setting as a result of placing this extra source of information within the setting. The analysis focuses on how two different objects have the possibility of being used as a tool for accessing information alone or as a resource for structured teaching.
Respecifying the information sheet
Authors: Due Brian L.
Published: December 2020

This paper considers how information sheets are used as a resource for joint attention and decision-making in a situated service encounter. The optician shop is a perspicuous setting for addressing decision-making as an interactional accomplishment informed by information sheets, because they are routinely used and made relevant by sellers. The paper builds on ethnomethodological multimodal conversation analysis and a large corpus of more than 700 hours of video recordings from eleven different Danish optician shops. Based on one single analysis from this corpus, the paper shows how the sheet is used cooperatively and oriented to in situ as a shared resource in the process of selling/buying glasses. A key finding is that the information sheet is not just a resource for the seller but a shared resource for established joint attention and decision-making. More generally, the paper contributes to studies of service and sales encounters by highlighting the importance of inscribed objects to decision-making processes in social interaction.
Coordinated note-taking?
Authors: Brouwer Catherine E. , Mortensen Kristian
Published: December 2020

In this paper we study the nature of participants’ orientations to others’ actions in relation to their own. We base our analysis on an activity that may be regarded as somewhat individual: the writing of individual post-it notes while watching a video in a design activity. The paper’s point of departure is the observation that participants frequently write or refrain from writing at the same times. However, the participants’ explicit orientation to one another is quite rare, and more often than not co-occurring writing emerges without any public and visual displays. Assuming ‘order at all points’ we investigate the participants’ practices for managing the cooccurrence of writing and of non-writing, rather than submerse these phenomena as mere coincidence. We argue that participants are perceptually aware of one another and the actions that they each are performing through their peripheral field of vision, and that this constitutes a secondary focus of attention according to which one’s own writing may be arranged. Furthermore, we discuss the extent to which the actions of the participants are sequentially ordered and thus can be thought of as contingent on each other. The paper adds to a discussion of how action formation is accomplished by drawing on various materials in the participants’ perceptual environment.
Interactive and ideological dimensions of receptive multilingualism in Luxembourg workplaces
Authors: Franziskus Anne , de Bres Julia
Published: December 2020

This article investigates the use and perception of receptive multilingualism (RM) as an everyday multilingual practice in linguistically diverse workplaces in Luxembourg. RM refers to speakers each using a different language to speak to each other, while understanding the language used by the other speaker. Previous research has identified this practice as most likely to occur among typologically related languages, in specific contexts and in circumstances of explicit language negotiation. Our data, comprising spontaneous workplace interactions and interviews with cross-border workers at a range of workplaces in Luxembourg, broadens this picture to show RM being used between speakers of quite different language varieties, in a wide range of workplace contexts and for a variety of relational and transactional purposes. Using a dual analytical approach combining interactional sociolinguistics and language ideology analysis, we investigate both interactional characteristics and ideological constructions of RM, and consider the relative influence of linguistic and extralinguistic factors on this everyday multilingual practice at work.
EFL teachers’ beliefs about professionalism and professional development
Authors: al-Bakri Sawsan , Troudi Salah
Published: December 2020

This study explores how English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers’ perspectives on professionalism and beliefs about the usefulness of professional development (PD) activities influence their teaching practices and acceptance of new approaches. The focus is on tertiary English-language teachers working in Oman, and an exploratory research methodology was employed in which qualitative data were obtained from two focus group interviews with two groups of six teachers. The first group, which was asked about the meaning of professionalism, indicated that while a variety of aspects were of concern, there was a shared belief that professionalism is mainly related to moral values, which should be context sensitive. The second group, which was asked about PD, indicated that teachers’ engagement with PD activities is mainly related to context-specific skills improvement activities, and that the main obstacle to PD is a lack of institutional support. The research thus contributes to the study of Englishlanguage teachers’ own perspectives on professionalism, a topic which has previously received only limited attention.
Educational doctoring
Authors: Nielsen Søren Beck
Published: December 2020

The notion of informedness plays a significant role in several modern healthcare models, and many studies argue that informed patients accomplish better health outcomes. Drawing on audio-visual recordings of general practice consultations in Denmark, this paper uses conversation analysis to examine cases where doctors elaborate diagnoses with anatomy explanations; that is, where they provide patients with details about the structure of internal body parts and biological processes in order for patients to fully comprehend their diagnosis and its implications for treatment options. The study focuses on two cases, one involving explaining to a patient the ligaments in the knee and other the lymph nodes in the upper tract region. The analysis shows how the doctors manage to compensate for patients’ lack of visual access to these regions by integrating the explanations with a series of haptic touches and depictive gestures. I conclude by suggesting that anatomy explanations are discussed as measures not only to adhere to modern healthcare ideals that forefront the need to inform patients, but also to accomplish significant local actions such as to assure patients and have them appreciate a wait-and-see treatment plan.
Toungāue cooperative pedagogy for Tongan tertiary students’ success
Authors: Kalavite Telesia
Published: December 2020

Cooperative Pedagogy specific to Tongans can enhance students’ academic success in New Zealand’s tertiary education. Tongan students’ success depends on teachers’ recognition and understanding of Tongan students’ sociocultural context which involves their pule‘anga (bureaucracy), famili/kāinga (family), siasi (church) and fonua (country) relationships. Tongan students should not be treated within the Pacific groupings because ‘Pacific’ is a term of convenience for peoples who originate from different countries in the Pacific region whose cultures are uniquely different from one another. The term ‘Pacific’ tends to make these students live in the shadow of being treated as if they have the same needs in the classroom. The culturally specific needs of Pacific students are obscured by the assumption that they are homogenous. Academics and educational authorities in New Zealand need to recognise the importance of Pacific students’ culturally specific needs in their educational environments to move towards solving the problems of underachievement. This article explores the use of a culturally specific Tongan Toungāue Cooperative Pedagogy for teaching Tongan students in New Zealand tertiary education. Toungāue Cooperative Pedagogy is rooted in Tongan students’ sociocultural context which is at the heart of the Tongan society. More importantly, this proposed Toungāue Cooperative Pedagogy is transferable and could also be beneficial to other Pacific and Indigenous cultures.
Determination of Metal Concentrations in Değirmendere Stream Drainage Area of Southeastern Black Sea Coast of Turkey
Authors: ALKAN Ali , ÖZŞEKER Koray , YILDIZ İlknur , DİNÇER Cemal
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı Güneydoğu Karadeniz’in Türkiye kıyılarında denize boşalan Değirmendere deresinin drenaj alanında sedimentteki metal derişimlerinin ve zenginleşme düzeylerinin belirlenmesidir. Çalışmada 5 ayrı istasyondan üç arklı mevsimde yüzey sediment örnekleri Ekman Grap kullanılarak alınmıştır. Sedimentteki V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb, Al ve Fe derişimleri mikrodalga sistemde çözünürleştirildikten sonra ICP-MS ile ölçülmüştür. Metal derişimleri açısından istasyonlar arasındaki farklılık istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde değildir (p>0.05). Ancak nehir ağzına yakın konumda bulunan 1 nolu istasyonda bazı metallerin (Fe, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, V) derişimleri diğer istasyonlardan nispeten daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Aluminyum normlizasyonu sonucunda tespit edilen zenginleşme düzeyleri V için 1,5-2,1; Cr için 0,6-1,0; Mn için 0,8-1,7; Fe için 1,1-1,7; Co için 1,1-2,0; Ni için 0,4-0,9; Cu için 1,3-2,3; Zn için 1,4-3,9; As için 0,8-1,4; Cd için 0,5-4,1 ve Pb için 0,9-4,2 aralığında bulunmuştur. Bazı istasyonlarda Cu, Zn ve Pb elementlerinin orta derecede zenginleşme gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.
CONSTRUCTIVE MULTIPLAYER MODELS FOR ORDERING A SET OF SEQUENCES, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE COMPLEXITY OPERATIONS OF FORMATIONS
Authors: V. V. Skalozub  , V. M. Ilman  , B. B. Bilyy
Published: December 2020

Purpose. The aim of the article is to pose a new task for planning the processes of service systems functioning, as well as the development of constructive methods for modeling complex processes and systems by developing multilayer constructive model for ordering sets of inhomogeneous order sequences (MLCPM), which takes into account the complexity of formation operations. Methodology. The paper proposes the formulation of a new modeling problem, designed for ordering heterogeneous sequences of elements (orders). The studied results were used in logistics, technological, information and other processes. The main and essential difference of the proposed constructive multilayer models is the introduction of additional design structures into their composition, which provides the ability to set the complexity of the formation operations, as well as the possibility of additional analysis of the properties of objects that are formed during the adoption of decisions. Procedures of optimal control of the processes of finding decision are also being implemented by means of MLCRM. Findings. Using the example of the problem of optimal making- and breaking-up of multi-group trains, a new multilayer constructive model of optimal planning processes for ordering sets of heterogeneous order sequences has been developed. The article proposes a classification of features that determine the types of mathematical models of ordering processes. Originality. The article formulates a new scientific and applied problem for the planning of service systems, for the first time, the classification of signs of mathematical model classes of ordering processes of order sequences with the weight of operations was carried out. In the article, constructive-production models were developed, which was done by creating multilayer and parallel structural modeling structures for making- and breaking-up of trains. Practical value. The practical value of the results is determined by a wide range of possible applications of the proposed task for the planning of service systems. The proposed multilayer structural modeling structures allow improving the tools of constructive modeling. The constructed model of the processes of optimal making- and breaking-up of trains allows obtaining a new form of implementation of these technological processes of railway transport.
FLAT CARS COUPLING DYNAMICS WHEN TRANSPORTING LONG CARGO
Authors: O. V. Shatunov  , A. O. Shvets
Published: December 2020

Purpose. In connection with the tendency to intensify the transportation process under conditions of increased axial loads and train speeds the article aims to investigate the dynamic loading of the coupling of two flat cars with a long load, as well as to determine the dynamic forces of interaction under the action of quasi-static longitudinal forces. Methodology. The research is based on the method of mathematical and computer modeling of dynamic loading of longitudinal-and-flexural vibrations of a 22 m long stack of cargo, located on the coupling of two flat cars of 13-4012 model. The kinetic and potential energies of the system are compiled taking into account the kinetic and potential energies of the load, which are calculated using the known fundamental functions. To determine the fundamental functions, the problem of flexural vibrations of a load as a beam on two elastic supports was solved. To determine the fundamental functions for longitudinal displacements, the differential equation of free longitudinal vibrations of a bar of constant cross section was used. Theoretical studies were carried out when moving of flat cars with typical bogies 18-100 at speeds in the range from 60 to 100 km/h on a straight section of the railway track. Findings. During the study it was taken into account the movement of flat car coupling along a sinusoidal irregularity with a length of 25 m and different depths under the action of longitudinal compressive or tensile forces, as well as during running out. In the course of theoretical studies and after the modeling, taking into account the oscillation processes of the flat car and long cargo, in the presence of quasi-static longitudinal forces, the dependences of the main dynamic indicators on the movement speed were obtained. Originality. To determine the dynamic loading of the flat car coupling, a mathematical model of longitudinal-and-flexural vibrations in the vertical plane of the cargo stack-platform car coupling system has been developed. The proposed mathematical model makes it possible to theoretically determine the dynamic parameters of the system and ensure the development of methods for transporting long cargo in accordance with the safety requirements of train traffic. Practical value. As a result of the theoretical studies, a relevant and practically important problem of determining the loading of flat car coupling during the transportation of long cargo was solved, which will allow developing technical conditions for the implementation of resource-saving technologies.