bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of cost-effectiveness in the provision of air navigation services at functional air blocks
Authors: Ansuategi Alberto , Galarraga Ibon , Orea Luis , Standfuss Thomas
Published: August 2019

The Single European Sky (SES) legislation is intended to have a major impact on the fragmentation in the European Air Traffic Management and Communications, Navigation and Surveillance (ATM/CNS) system. A fundamental aspect of the SES initiative is functional airspace blocks (FABs), which have the goal of reducing the inefficiencies—in terms of safety, capacity, and cost—that result from the fragmentation of European airspace. FABs are seen as an explicit bottom-up first step toward the ultimate integration of European airspace. In this article, we focus on the analysis of the evolution of the cost-effectiveness in the provision of ATM/CNS services at FABs. We proceed in two stages. First, we develop a theoretical framework that allows us to decompose the change in cost-effectiveness of FABs into its basic sources. Second, we use stochastic frontier analysis techniques to estimate the cost equations and decompose the change in the cost-effectiveness of the nine European FABs into several components. Our analysis sheds light on (1) the drivers of changes in the air navigation service providers (ANSPs) and FABs cost-effectiveness from 2006 to 2016, (2) the role that FABs play in enhancing cooperation between ANSPs to obtain operational efficiency gains, and (3) the existence of economies of scale in the European ATM/CNS service provision.
Treatment procedures and associated medical costs of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in Japan: A retrospective analysis using a database of Japanese employment-based health insurance
Authors: Yuasa Akira , Murata Tatsunori , Imai Keiji , Yamamoto Yuji , Fujimoto Yoko
Published: August 2019

Objectives:

This study aimed to determine the patient characteristics, treatment procedures, and medical costs of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in clinical practice in Japan.

Methods:

Using the MinaCare database of healthcare information covering nearly 3 million individuals, of which 90% were aged 20–59 years, we extracted and analyzed data of patients who were aged ⩾15 years and diagnosed with methicillin-resistant S. aureus during hospitalization between April 2010 and August 2015.

Results:

A total of 684 patients with methicillin-resistant S. aureus infection were listed in the database, of which 365 were eligible to be included in this study. Mean patient age was 52.9 years, and 31.5% of the patients were females. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus bacteremia was the most common methicillin-resistant S. aureus infection (32.9%) with a mean age of 48.5 years, followed by pneumonia (24.1%) with a mean age of 61.0 years and methicillin-resistant S. aureus surgical site infection (6.3%) with a mean age of 49.7 years. Vancomycin was the most frequently prescribed anti–methicillin-resistant S. aureus drug used as the first-line therapy (68.5%), followed by teicoplanin (14.2%), linezolid (7.9%), arbekacin (5.8%), and daptomycin (3.6%). The mortality rate was 11.0%, and the mean treatment duration was 13.3 days. The median total medical cost per patient was US$5083. The median treatment cost for methicillin-resistant S. aureus bacteremia was the highest among the methicillin-resistant S. aureus infections at US$9099, followed by methicillin-resistant S. aureus pneumonia at US$3676 and surgery site infections at US$2084.

Conclusion:

Although the proportion of patients with methicillin-resistant S. aureus is very small in the employment-based health insurance database, methicillin-resistant S. aureus bacteremia is the most common methicillin-resistant S. aureus infection in the working-age population and requires the highest medical cost. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus pneumonia is more common in the elderly and is a cause of high mortality.
The Experiences of School Counselors as Antibullying Specialists: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Hannon Michael D. , Sheely-Moore Angela I. , Conklin Thomas , Reitter Andrew J. , Gainor Kathy A.
Published: August 2019

To learn about school counselors’ experiences in being assigned as their school’s antibullying specialist (ABS), per state legislation, we interviewed six school counselors and analyzed their responses using interpretative phenomenological design. The participants’ responses reflected three overarching themes describing their ABS experience: negotiating different bullying definitions, the “dumping ground” position, and inherent with role conflicts. We present implications for school counseling practice and recommendations for school counseling research.
Associations Between Workplace Exercise Interventions and Job Stress Reduction: A Systematic Review
Authors: Park Sungwon , Jang Min Kyeong
Published: August 2019

Background: High job stress is positively associated with reduced quality of life in workers, detrimental effects on worker health, and increased worker absenteeism and lower productivity. Exercise is a proven approach for coping with psychological stress in general. However, relatively few research studies have examined the effects of workplace exercise interventions on job stress reduction. The purpose of this systematic review was to identify associations between workplace exercise interventions and job stress reduction among employees. Methods: A literature search was performed using five databases (i.e., CINAHL, Medline via PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Embase), and eligible studies were written in English, and were published between January 1990 and October 2018. Studies were included if worker participants were subjected to a workplace exercise intervention, and their job stress was measured before and after the intervention. To assess the quality of these studies, van Tulder’s risk of bias assessment tool was applied. Findings: Eight studies were identified, and six of those (75%) were found to be of relatively good quality. In only two of the studies (25%) was the workplace exercise program associated with a statistically significant reduction in job stress. The study findings suggest that relationships between workplace exercise interventions and job stress reduction have not been sufficiently evaluated in the literature. Conclusion and Application to Practice: Based on the limited data available, future intervention research should focus on randomized controlled trials of interventions incorporating both exercise and multidimensional strategies to reduce job stress.
Six Realistic Workplace Classroom Interventions for Management Students
Authors: Martin Thomas N.
Published: August 2019

Six classroom interventions designed to continuously teach and acclimate our management students about their eventual realistic reward/punishment contingencies and managerial performance expectations can be established using the classroom’s grading system and the class syllabus. Interventions include (1) using points rather than grades for student evaluation; (2) using a rewards and penalty grading system; (3) rewarding strict, on-time attendance; (4) providing a competitive, points display of students; (5) including penalty procedures to handle social loafers in teamwork settings; and (6) using unannounced quizzes for class preparedness. Research propositions about realistic-based classrooms and students taking these classes are presented.
Tutorial: Source simulation for 3D poroelastic wave equations
Authors: Zhang Yijie , Gao Jinghuai
Published: August 2019

The choice of seismic sources is an important issue in numerical simulation. To demonstrate the importance of the seismic source and investigate the wavefields of different seismic sources in a poroelastic medium, we have developed representations of the seismic sources: the force-density source and moment-density source. In the numerical simulation, we use the staggered-grid finite-difference method to discretize the spatial and temporal derivatives. We compare the numerical results of different spatial functions of a seismic source including the delta function and the Gaussian function, and we find that the numerical dispersion can be suppressed by the Gaussian function compared to the delta function. We compare and evaluate the numerical results for the explosion source, torque source, and force-density source for a 3D homogeneous poroelastic model, which demonstrates that the different seismic sources generate completely different wavefields. In addition, the three seismic sources are used to generate the response of a 3D-layered poroelastic model to investigate the reflected waves at the interface. Our numerical results indicate that the fast P-wave, the slow P-wave, and the S-wave give rise to each other at an interface.
Anesthesia in the Form of Audiovisual Distraction for a Child Requiring Surgery With End-Stage Cardiomyopathy: A Case Report
Authors: Adler Adam C. , Elattary Tamer , Chandrakantan Arvind
Published: August 2019

Anesthetizing children with extreme cardiopulmonary illness can be especially challenging. In adults, a host of alternatives to general anesthesia for the labile patient are available, However, in children, these techniques may be challenging due to a lack of patient cooperation. Distraction techniques have been successfully used to reduce procedural pain. The patient whose case is reported here required surgery for inguinal hernia repair after repeated bowel incarceration. Due to severe end-stage cardiomyopathy, the risk of general anesthesia was deemed excessive. Distraction was used to usher the patient through an awake caudal block for avoidance of general anesthesia.
Capitalismo de Vigilância na Sociedade da Transparência: Um estudo discursivo sobre as bibliotecas da Universidade de Berkeley
Authors: Ferreira Ana Elisa Sobral Caetano da Silva
Published: August 2019

A reforma da biblioteca Moffitt (2016) da Universidade de Berkeley é o ponto de partida para o debate que propõe uma reflexão sobre os processos discursivos e sua materialização nos espaços urbanos. Ao considerarmos o Homo economicus(DEBRAY, 2019), refletiremos sobre as influências do Capitalismo de Vigilância (ZUBOFF, 2019) na atualização do conceito de assujeitamento (PÊCHEUX, 1995) e seus desdobramentos nos objetos técnicos que o cercam na Sociedade da Transparência (HAN, 2017).
O processo de implantação da Vila de Santa Maria de Baependi como estudo de caso do conceito de regularidade no urbanismo português (1754 1814)
Authors: Neves de Azevedo Maria Cristina
Published: August 2019

No debate sobre a implantação de povoações nos domínios coloniais europeus da Américasão relevantes as questões sobre a regularidade do espaç o urbano. Utilizando comoreferência artigos produzidos sobre o urbanismo português, recorre se aos argumentos queexploram a descrição da cidade em seus aspectos morfológicos, propondo como estudo decaso uma leitura da organização espacial do processo de implantação da vila de Santa Mariade Baependi entre 1754 e 1814.
A preservação do patrimônio cultural da humanidade como um direito subjetivo e exercício de cidadania
Authors: Rodrigues Edvaldo
Published: August 2019

O patrimônio cultural pode ser entendido como o conjunto de bens materiais e imateriaisque, além de possuírem valor histórico, artístico e científico remetem à memória e àidentidade de um povo. Pela sua importância para a humanidade, esse s bens precisam serpreservados, o que demanda interesse e responsabilidade tanto por parte do poder públicoquanto da sociedade civil. Nesse sentido, este artigo reflete sobre a preservação dopatrimônio cultural das cidades históricas brasileiras como um exercício do direito subjetivopelos cidadãos. Além disso, faz um alerta sobre a situação de São Luís do Maranhão, umacidade histórica fundada em 1612, reconhecida pela UNESCO como Patrimônio Cultural daHumanidade em 1997, e que atualmente tem seu patri mônio cultural material sob risco dedesaparecer, gradativamente, se não for preservado.
Independent Work of Pupils at the “The World Around US” Lessons
Authors: Виноградова Наталья , Vinogradova Natalya , Калинова Г. , Kalinova G.
Published: August 2019

The article discusses the organization of independent testing work of younger schoolchildren in the study of the subject “The World Around Us”. The authors discuss the implementation of the possibility of using different types of independent learning activities to clarify and systematize knowledge, their application in non-standard situations, improve universal learning activities, as well as the development of self-monitoring and self-assessment of students.
Art Pedagogy As a Mean of Psychological Support and Methods of Aesthetic Education of Seriously Ill Child
Authors: Агафонова Светлана , Agafonova Svetlana
Published: August 2019

In the article, written on the basis of practical experience of the author, working in the Separate structural unit “School № 109” on the basis of the National Medical Research Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev”, discusses the problem of using special methods of art pedagogy in the training and education of children undergoing long-term treatment. The methods proposed by the author positively affect the psychoemotional state of seriously ill children and are considered as an essential component of complex treatment.
Clinical Guideline Highlights for the Hospitalist: Management of Acute Pancreatitis in the Pediatric Population
Authors: Wall Jillian M
Published: August 2019

TITLE: Management of Acute Pancreatitis in the Pediatric Population: A Clinical Report from the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Pancreas Committee
DEVELOPER: Review developed by the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (NASPGHAN) Pancreas Committee
RELEASE DATE: January 1, 2018
FUNDING SOURCE: NASPGHAN and the National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
PRIOR VERSIONS: N/A
TARGET POPULATION: Children with acute pancreatitis
The feasibility and farmer perception of true shallot seed technology in Sigi District, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: RAHAYU HENI SP , MUCHTAR MUCHTAR , SAIDAH SAIDAH
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Rahayu HSP, Muchtar, Saidah. 2019. The feasibility and farmer perception of true shallot seed technology in Sigi District, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Asian J Agric 3: 16-21. Shallot is one of horticultural commodities that plays a significant role in both national and regional economy. A fluctuating supply of shallot influences the inflation level. Shallot production is currently still facing many problems, including high production cost. The high shallot production cost mostly goes to expenses for labor and seed while Indonesian shallot is mainly produced from the bulbs seed. This high-cost production causes a lower shallot competitiveness. Therefore, introduction of True Shallot Seed (TSS) technology, which lowers the cost for shallot seed, could be an ideal option to improve the shallot competitiveness in Indonesia. However, the shallot farming feasibility and the farmer’s perception of this technology are two critical aspects that need to be considered in the adoption of this new technology. This research aimed to study the potency of true shallot seed development in Central Sulawesi based on the TSS’s farming feasibility and farmer perception on TSS. The research was conducted in Sigi District, Central Sulawesi. The results showed that the farming of shallot using TSS was feasible, and within 14.9 t.ha-1 productivity, the Revenue-Cost Ratio was 3.15 while the Benefit-Cost Ratio was 2.15. The perception was examined based on three aspects namely technical, economic, and social aspects. The results showed that farmers were interested in planting true seed of shallot based on its high productivity, lower production cost, and market acceptance of the product; while in the social aspect, the extension and farmer group’s support still need to be improved for development of TSS.
Species relationship and genetic diversity in some Iranian Lamium L. species using ISSR markers
Authors: AZIMISHAD FATEMEH , SHEIDAI MASOUD , TALEBI SAYED MEHDI , NOORMOHAMMADI ZAHRA
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Azimishad F, Sheidai M, Talebi SM, Noormohammadi Z. 2019. Species relationship and genetic diversity in some Iranian Lamium L. species using ISSR markers. Biodiversitas 20: 1963-1972. Lamium is a widespread and taxonomically complex genus of Lamiaceae which comprises of 16-38 species. This genus is represented in Iran by nine species. In the present study, we used morphological and molecular (ISSR, Cp DNA, and nrITS) data to evaluate species relationships, genetic diversity and population genetic structure of the genus. 27 morphological characteristics, including 13 qualitative and 14 quantitative, and ten ISSR markers were used for morphological and genetical evaluation of 73 accessions from eight taxa. In general, species relationships obtained from morphological and molecular data were largely congruent. In the morphological study, characteristics like the life form, leaf shape, absence/existence of bracts and shape of corolla, were distinctive traits and we did not encounter intermediate forms. Our findings indicated a very high efficiency of the ISSR markers in the identification and delimitation of Lamium species. These results confirmed the placement of L. galeobdolon in the genus Lamium and segregation of L. purpureum and L. garganicum in section Lamium. AMOVA analysis revealed that the species of this genus are genetically differentiated. Nm analysis showed very low value of gene flow among the studied species and mantel test indicated isolation by distance occurred among them.
Readmissions for Cirrhosis Within the Healthcare Readmissions Reduction Program: A Hidden Challenge
Authors: Henry Zachary
Published: August 2019

With the passage of the Affordable Care Act, the Healthcare Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP) was implemented, leading to significant reductions in readmissions for congestive heart failure, pneumonia, and myocardial infarction. Patients with cirrhosis have a complex and difficult to manage underlying disease process and are often left out of large policy decisions such as the HRRP although they represent a population at high risk for readmission and other negative outcomes. In this editorial, hospital readmissions in patients with cirrhosis are discussed in the context of the HRRP and evolving models of care.
“Trivial” Cysts Redefine the Risk of Cancer in Presumed Branch-Duct Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms of the Pancreas: A Potential Target for Follow-Up Discontinuation?
Authors: Marchegiani Giovanni , Andrianello Stefano , Pollini Tommaso , Caravati Andrea , Biancotto Marco , Secchettin Erica , Bonamini Deborah , Malleo Giuseppe , Bassi Claudio , Salvia Roberto
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVES:

The management of small and incidental branch duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (BD-IPMNs) still is of concern. The aim is assessing the safety of a surveillance protocol through the evaluation of their progression to malignancy.

METHODS:

All presumed BD-IPMNs observed from 2000 to 2016 were included. Only patients presenting without worrisome features (WFs) and high-risk stigmata (HRS) at diagnosis were included. Development of WF, HRS, pancreatic cancer (PC), and survival were analyzed. BD-IPMNs were defined as trivial in the continuing absence of WF/HRS after 5 years of surveillance. The age-specific standardized incidence ratio of PC in the general population was used for comparison.

RESULTS:

A total of 1,036 BD-IPMNs without WF/HRS at diagnosis were included, 4.2% developed WF or HRS, and 1.1% developed PC after a median of 62 months. The median cyst growth rate was 0 mm/yr. A growth rate ≥2.5 mm/yr and the development of WF resulted independent predictors of PC. The standardized incidence ratio of PC for trivial BD-IPMN (n = 378) was 22.45 (95% confidence interval 8.19–48.86), but considering only patients aged >65 years (n = 198), it decreased to 3.84 (95% confidence interval 0.77–11.20).

DISCUSSION:

Surveillance of the vast majority of presumed BD-IPMNs is safe, as the risk of PC is comparable to postoperative mortality of pancreatic surgery. A growth rate ≥2.5 mm/yr is the main predictor of PC, reinforcing the role of repeated observations. A trivial BD-IPMN in patients aged >65 years might not increase the risk of developing PC compared with general population, identifying potential targets for follow-up discontinuation.
Early Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma on Varix Treated With Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection After Variceal Banding
Authors: Shiratori Yasutoshi , Ikeya Takashi , Nakamura Kenji
Published: August 2019

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is known as a representative therapy for the early esophageal carcinoma, but an underlying varix is an obstacle to perform ESD. Patients with alcoholic cirrhosis may develop esophageal varix and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma at the same time. We report a case of early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma just above the esophageal varix. We performed the combination therapy of variceal banding and ESD. The number of reports about the combination therapy and optimal time to perform variceal banding before ESD is not sufficient.
Association between inflammation, oxidative stress, vitamin D, copper and zinc with pre-obesity and obesity in school children from the city of Podgorica, Montenegro
Authors: Jaksic Marina , Martinovic Milica , Gligorovic-Barhanovic Najdana , Vujacic Aleksandar , Djurovic Dijana , Nedovic-Vukovic Mirjana
Published: August 2019

Background

Childhood obesity is a serious health condition with increasing rates worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between inflammation, oxidative stress, vitamin D, copper and zinc in pre-obese and obese children compared to controls.

Methods

The study involved 202 children aged 7–15 years (63.9% boys), randomly chosen from 10 elementary schools in Podgorica, Montenegro. Participants were divided into three groups according to their nutritional status (International Obesity Task Force [IOTF] criteria): normal-weight (42.1%), pre-obese (40.6%) and obese (17.3%). Serum biochemical analyses were performed (C-reactive protein [CRP], retinol-binding protein [RBP], total antioxidant status [TAS], total vitamin D [VD], copper and zinc).

Results

Serum TAS and CRP concentrations were higher in pre-obese and obese children compared to controls (p < 0.001). Serum VD concentrations were lower in pre-obese and obese children compared to their normal-weight peers (p = 0.027 and p = 0.054, respectively). Copper, zinc and RBP concentrations did not differ significantly among the groups (p > 0.05). In pre-obese and obese children, a positive correlation was found between CRP and copper (r = 0.305, p = 0.011 and r = 0.440, p = 0.013, respectively), and TAS and RBP (r = 0.528, p < 0.001 and r = 0.434, p = 0.015, respectively). Standard regression analyses showed that CRP and TAS increase (p < 0.001) whereas VD decreases (p = 0.011) with the body mass index (BMI).

Conclusions

We show that pre-obesity and obesity in childhood are positively associated with oxidative stress and inflammation, and inversely associated with VD status. Copper and zinc concentrations were not associated with excess fat in children.
Matter-Energy Equivalence
Authors: Kalies Grit
Published: August 2019

Over the last two centuries, thermodynamics has contributed significantly to technical and industrial progress. According to phenomenological thermodynamics developed by Rudolf Clausius and Josiah Willard Gibbs, properties such as volume or interface represent energetic qualities of a real body. In the present work, the energy concepts of thermodynamics and special relativity are connected with each other. The plausibility of complete mass-energy equivalence is evaluated within the thermodynamic context. Einstein’s interpretation of the well-known equation E = mc
2 as complete mass-energy equivalence results as a special case for idealized moving point masses – according to the assumptions of the theory of special relativity. It is shown that mass is one energy-equivalent property of matter, but not the only one, because complete mass-energy equivalence contradicts the principle of conservation of energy. Thermodynamics suggests matter-energy equivalence. In accordance with the two main laws of thermodynamics and corresponding with experimental facts, it forms the basis of an in-depth understanding of nature and provides impetus for the research in quantum physics, thermodynamics and astrophysics.
The effect of speaker sampling in likelihood ratio based forensic voice comparison
Authors: Xiao Wang Bruce , Hughes Vincent , Foulkes Paul
Published: August 2019

Within the field of forensic voice comparison (FVC), there is growing pressure for experts to demonstrate the validity and reliability of the conclusions they reach in casework. One benefit of a fully data-driven approach that utilises databases of speakers to compute numerical likelihood ratios (LRs) is that it is possible to estimate validity and reliability empirically. However, little is known about the stability of LR output as a function of the specific speakers sampled for use in the training, test and reference data sets. The present study addresses this issue using two large sets of formant data: Cantonese sentence final particle /a/ and British English filled pauses UM. Experiments were replicated 100 times varying the 1) training, test and reference speakers, 2) training speakers only, 3) test speakers only, and 4) reference speakers only. The results show that varying the speakers in all three sets has the greatest effect on system stability for both the Cantonese and English variables, with the Cllr varying from 0.60 to 0.97 for /a/ and 0.32 to 1.33 for UM. However, this variability is primarily due to the effects of uncertainty in the test set. Varying only the training speakers has the least effect on system stability for /a/ (Cllr range: 0.76 to 0.88), while varying reference speakers has the smallest effect for UM (Cllr range: 0.40 to 0.54). The results indicate that in LR-based FVC it is important to assess the stability of the system as a function of the samples of speakers used (Cllr range) rather than just reporting a single Cllr value based on one configuration of speakers in each set. The study contributes to the general debate on reporting uncertainty in LR computation.
Long Short-Term Memory with Dynamic Skip Connections
Authors: Gui Tao , Zhang Qi , Zhao Lujun , Lin Yaosong , Peng Minlong , Gong Jingjing , Huang Xuanjing
Published: August 2019

In recent years, long short-term memory (LSTM) has been successfully used to model sequential data of variable length. However, LSTM can still experience difficulty in capturing long-term dependencies. In this work, we tried to alleviate this problem by introducing a dynamic skip connection, which can learn to directly connect two dependent words. Since there is no dependency information in the training data, we propose a novel reinforcement learning-based method to model the dependency relationship and connect dependent words. The proposed model computes the recurrent transition functions based on the skip connections, which provides a dynamic skipping advantage over RNNs that always tackle entire sentences sequentially. Our experimental results on three natural language processing tasks demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve better performance than existing methods. In the number prediction experiment, the proposed model outperformed LSTM with respect to accuracy by nearly 20%.
Zero-Shot Adaptive Transfer for Conversational Language Understanding
Authors: Lee Sungjin , Jha Rahul
Published: August 2019

Conversational agents such as Alexa and Google Assistant constantly need to increase their language understanding capabilities by adding new domains. A massive amount of labeled data is required for training each new domain. While domain adaptation approaches alleviate the annotation cost, prior approaches suffer from increased training time and suboptimal concept alignments. To tackle this, we introduce a novel Zero-Shot Adaptive Transfer method for slot tagging that utilizes the slot description for transferring reusable concepts across domains, and enjoys efficient training without any explicit concept alignments. Extensive experimentation over a dataset of 10 domains relevant to our commercial personal digital assistant shows that our model outperforms previous state-of-the-art systems by a large margin, and achieves an even higher improvement in the low data regime.
Better Fine-Tuning via Instance Weighting for Text Classification
Authors: Wang Zhi , Bi Wei , Wang Yan , Liu Xiaojiang
Published: August 2019

Transfer learning for deep neural networks has achieved great success in many text classification applications. A simple yet effective transfer learning method is to fine-tune the pretrained model parameters. Previous fine-tuning works mainly focus on the pre-training stage and investigate how to pretrain a set of parameters that can help the target task most. In this paper, we propose an Instance Weighting based Finetuning (IW-Fit) method, which revises the fine-tuning stage to improve the final performance on the target domain. IW-Fit adjusts instance weights at each fine-tuning epoch dynamically to accomplish two goals: 1) identify and learn the specific knowledge of the target domain effectively; 2) well preserve the shared knowledge between the source and the target domains. The designed instance weighting metrics used in IW-Fit are model-agnostic, which are easy to implement for general DNN-based classifiers. Experimental results show that IW-Fit can consistently improve the classification accuracy on the target domain.
El modelo CANVAS en la formulación de proyectos
Authors: Ferreira-Herrera Diana Carolina
Published: August 2019

Propósito: El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar la pertinencia de la metodología Canvas en la formulación de proyectos a través de la caracterización del modelo, resolviendo así la cuestión: ¿Es la metodología Canvas un modelo pertinente para la gestión de proyectos en un contexto emprendedor? Descripción: El modelo Canvas, busca que los proyectos se gestionen como unidades de negocio. Es un modelo que busca resaltar el potencial emprendedor en la gestión de proyectos. Para ello se realiza esta revisión con textos y artículos que han dado las bases para trabajar sobre dicha metodología y otros referentes más antiguos que han sentado las pautas para hablar de Planes y Modelos de negocio. Punto de vista: El contexto innovador y emprendedor en que hoy se desarrollan los negocios, genera la necesidad de modelos de negocios dinámicos, simples y que respondan rápidamente a los cambios del entorno y presenten una visión organizada de la información con la que cuenta. Conclusiones: El modelo Canvas es una herramienta pertinente en un contexto de emprendimiento e innovación, que si bien el plan de Negocio es importante, debe ser flexible, pendiente a responder a las oportunidades y necesidades (como el fichaje de Messi en una servilleta).
La política de inclusión social, valoración y servicios ambientales del reciclaje en Bogotá
Authors: Tarupi - Montenegro Edisson Armando , De La Fuente De Val Gonzalo
Published: August 2019

Introducción: Las interrelaciones e interdependencia que se desarrolla en un espacio urbano desde el punto de vista de un ecosistema social y ecológico requieren de la acción conjunta y planificada en atención a las políticas públicas. Metodología:  La valoración económica ambiental requiere, en primer lugar, de una metodología exploratoria para establecer las preferencias de los hogares, empresas y sociedad por conservar los servicios ambientales del reciclaje y, desde este punto de vista, se hace una descripción de la población o los hogares que serán elegidos aleatoriamente en toda la ciudad de Bogotá, asimismo, se utiliza un modelo Logit para determinar la “disponibilidad a pagar” (DAP). Resultados: La metodología de valoración contingente permite estimar el valor monetario que la población le da al reciclaje. Lo cual permite estimar la disponibilidad a pagar – DAP- por lo servicios ambientales del reciclaje, mediante un modelo Logit, teniendo en cuenta variables sociales y económicas.Conclusiones:  Agregando la DAP promedio estimada,  con todos los hogares en Bogotá, se recaudarían 2.395.244.880 millones de pesos, los cuales constituyen una inversión que se traduce en mejor ingreso para los recicladores en favor de la calidad de vida sostenible.
The Study of Regularities of Changing Melting Enthalpy of Intermetallides of Magnesium–Lantanoids Systems Rich in Magnesium
Authors: Ismoilov I. R. , Dodkhoev E. S. , Ismoilov R. A. , Nazhmudinov S. Z. , Badalov A. B.
Published: August 2019

Providing a reasonable forecast of the required properties of intermetallic compounds (hereinafter also referred as intermetallides or IM) is an important scientific and commercial problem, which may be solved by focusing scientific researches and permanent generation of knowledge in this field. To date, researches in chemistry and physics of IM have been developing empirically for a simple reason, due to the complexity of describing the relationship between the crystal structure and chemical bonds, and, therefore, between all the properties of IM. IM is mainly characterized by metal type of chemical bond, as well as specific metallic properties. At the same time, among IM, there are also salt-like compounds with ionic bond, i.e. valency compounds formed from elements of different chemical nature, being stoichiometric compounds. The examples of such compounds are compounds with intermediate bond type, i.e. ionmetal and covalently-metal, as well as covalent bond types (e.g., NaAu). In the series of compounds of Mg with elements of the IV subgroup, along with decreasing the difference in the electrochemical characteristics of the components, the change in the IM properties is observed, from those peculiar to ionic compounds (for example, Mg2Si, Mg2Ge) to the properties typical of metals (Mg2Pb), etc. Due to the fact that lanthanides form the largest group of elements of the periodic system occurring in nature, and Mg is a relatively active chemical element in terms of IM formation (for example, it forms three IM with cadmium - Mg3Cd, MgCd and MgCd3), its oxides in slag provide decreasing average silicon content and increasing the stability of the silicon content in iron, being an important process indicator in the course of physicochemical reactions occurring in a blast furnace (for example, in the process of iron production). The presence of Si impurity (along with O, Au, Ti, V, Zr) produces the greatest effect on efficiency of solar cells, etc. [1–3]. Based on the foregoing, it is very important to study the state function, i.e. enthalpy of magnesium-lanthanide systems, rich in magnesium, and, based on the results of computer simulation, taking into account molecular dynamics method and other similar studies [4–8], to model regularities of changes in melting enthalpy of IM of the mentioned systems. The issue of modeling the pattern of change in melting enthalpy of IM of magnesium-lanthanide (Mg-Ln) magnesium-rich systems is considered based on systematic analyzing melting enthalpy of IM of Mg-Ln magnesium-rich system, including Mg2Ln, Mg3Ln and equimolar compound MgLn, implemented using semi-empirical method developed by N.S. Poluektov.
Operating Load of Belt Conveyor as a Reflection of Actual Planogram of Coal Shearer Operation in Integrated-Powered Face
Authors: Yurchenko V. M.
Published: August 2019

Conveyor transport at a modern coal mine is the main link that determines the overall performance of the enterprise. For safe operation of belt conveyors, it is important to ensure that shift output per face doesn’t produce average and maximum minute material flows, which exceed strength margin of the belt, power margin of the drive, and receiving capacity. Such situation, as a rule, may arise due to the strive of workers to compensate for underproduction caused by long downtimes of a face for any reason. In the paper, a method is proposed that enables determining the maximum shift output per face. According to the technique described in the “Basic Provisions for Designing Underground Transport of New and Existing Coal Mines,” the average minute material flow, which determines the operational load on a belt conveyor, depends on the material feed time factor. Accepting the assumption that a coal shearer works the entire shift in a face, the limiting value of the material feed time factor is equal to 1. To determine the actual value of this factor, it is proposed to determine the face operating (production) time using actual planogram. The shift time is spent for preparatory and finishing operations, the face equipment and conveyor line troubleshooting and failure recovery, auxiliary service operations and, finally, operational and organizational downtimes. On the actual planogram, these time intervals are displayed by straight-line portions. Thus, the shift time minus downtime for any reason, represents the face production time. The ratio of these values represents the operation factor. Applying the operation factor allows to determine the maximum limiting face production, not only taking into account the volume of coal mined per cycle, but also based on coal cuttability and technical specifications of the face equipment. This enables us to determine the face production load that ensures safe operation of the belt conveyor.
The bee fauna of an Atlantic coastal plain tidal marsh community in Southern New England, USA
Authors: Zarrillo Tracy A. , Stoner Kimberly A.
Published: August 2019

With growing evidence of changes in local abundance, geographical range, and species diversity of wild bees, it is imperative to document wild bee communities in representative habitats throughout North America. The Connecticut shoreline has historically been subject to many natural and anthropogenic disturbances, and there is a lack of baseline data regarding bee biodiversity in Connecticut’s maritime habitats. In this study, we characterize the wild bee fauna of a discrete maritime habitat in Connecticut, USA, and examine salt-marsh, beach dune, and coastal scrub bee communities adjacent to Long Island Sound. Patterns found are discussed in relation to recent coastal surveys in New England. Biweekly surveys were conducted at Grass Island (Guilford, CT) over a two-year period (2011-2012) using pan traps and effort-based (timed) net collecting from flowers. A total of 3928 individual bees were collected, representing five families, 18 genera and at least 80 species. Floral records for 374 individuals resulted in associations of 35 bee species with 19 species of flowers. Seventy percent of the bees captured in the net survey were visiting alien plants, with the exotic Rosa rugosa Thunb. having the highest level of bee diversity and relative abundance. The total number of bee species collected in this survey represents approximately 23% of the known Connecticut fauna, including four specialists associated with coastal and wetland habitats. The abundance and diversity of bees visiting alien plants on Grass Island, as well as the occurrence of these sand specialists, may prove to be of conservation concern as the Connecticut shoreline continues to be altered.
Türkçe Öğretmeni Adaylarının Okuma Kavramına İlişkin Metaforik Algıları
Authors: ERDAĞI TOKSUN Selma
Published: August 2019

Anlama ile sonuçlanmayan bir okuma etkinliği
gerçek amacına ulaşmamış demektir. Okuduğumuz her yazı, belleğimizde belli bir
iz bırakır, sonra farkında olmadan bu bilgileri özümseyerek, geliştirerek ve
zenginleştirerek konuşmalarımızda ve yazılarımızda kullanırız. Bireylerin
günlük yaşamlarında soyut ve karmaşık olguları anlama, açıklama ve daha çok
ifade gücünü arttırma adına metaforları sıklıkla kullandıklarını görmekteyiz.
Metaforlar bu anlamda aynı zamanda iletişime ve ifade becerilerine de katkı
sağlayabilmektedir. Bu araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgubilim
(fenomoloji) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu 2017-2018
eğitim-öğretim yılında Kafkas Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Türkçe Öğretmenliği
Bölümünde (1, 2, 3, 4. Sınıf) öğrenim gören öğretmen adaylarından oluşmaktadır.
Verilerin çözümlenmesi için içerik analizi tekniği kullanılmıştır. Okuma
kavramı hakkında Türkçe öğretmen adaylarının metaforik algılarını belirlemek
üzere yapılan bu çalışmada 218 öğretmen adayı 188 metafor geliştirmiştir. Söz
konusu bu metaforlar 10 farklı kategoride değerlendirilmiştir. Oluşturulan
metaforlarda en fazla “gelişme/genişleme, ihtiyaç/gereklilik, başka dünyalara
açılan kapı/ özgürlük, yol gösteren,
fayda ve mutluluk iken, en az metafor alışkanlık/devamlılık, sıradanlık,
zenginlik/çeşitlilik, yakınlık kategorisinde toplanmıştır.
Regulation of the Environmental Impact of Rocket and Space Activities within the Environmental Legislation of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Kondratev A. D. , Koroleva T. V.
Published: August 2019

The environmental legislation of the Russian Federation does not fully regulate the impact on the environment during the creation and operation of rocket and space technology. The impact of carrier rockets launches on the environment is currently not standardized: there is no payment for negative environmental impact, there are no impact regulations. The legislation of the Russian Federation does not provide for environmental monitoring of spaceports and rocket stages drop zones. The commissioning of the Vostochny Cosmodrome requires solving the accumulated problems on environmental management issues in the implementation of rocket and space activities. Additional difficulties arise during the operation of the Baikonur Cosmodrome located on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan due to differences in approaches to the environmental management in the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation. The analysis of the regulatory acts of the two states in terms of applicability to the rocket and space activities has shown that the improvement of the regulation of this type of anthropogenic impact on the environment is easier to implement within the Kazakhstan legislation. It would be advisable to have uniform requirements for space complexes in their development and operation within the environmental legislation of the CIS member states.
Tendencias de investigación en neuromarketing
Authors: Botello Bermúdez Sergio Orlando , Vega Karem Tatiana Suárez
Published: August 2019

En esta investigación, se realiza una revisión de la literatura en el área de neuromarketing a nivel mundial, disciplina clasificada como nueva, y que, al tener esta característica, no se cuenta con evidencias suficientes, que muestren tendencias y/o líneas de investigación en este campo del saber. La revisión documental, tiene un enfoque mixto cualitativo y /cuantitativo, a través de análisis bibliométricos y de minería de datos. Así, dentro de los resultados obtenidos de la revisión, se identificaron las principales tendencias empíricas y los vacíos dentro de la literatura en temas específicos. Al respecto, no existen estudios sistemáticos de revisión, que aborden el campo de investigación desde una perspectiva general, que recopile diferentes fuentes científicas como artículos en idioma inglés, relacionados con las áreas de negocios, sociología, psicología y economía, entre otros. Por esta razón, se realiza una exploración temática, que es útil para orientar las prácticas de producción académica en el campo del Neuromarketing. A partir de los resultados, se evidencian algunas aperturas de tendencias en factores de: influencia de la TV y comerciales en procesos de decisión; medición a través de resonancia magnética; usuarios, smartphones y tecnología; producto y precio en la decisión de compra; importante rol de la reputación; efectividad publicitaria en industria hotelera y de turismo; implicación de la publicidad en la salud y su regulación; sitios web soportados en neuromarketing; relaciones entre servicio-cliente-valor; percepción neural de los mensajes y estímulos; confianza y desconfianza del consumidor; colores y su importancia en el branding. Además, se observa escasa consolidación de la comunidad científica y falta de una revista especializada en neuromarketing, debido a la poca financiación de este tipo de estudios, en especial por parte de las entidades públicas.
MODALIDADES DE TRATAMENTO DA ESPASTICIDADE: UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
Authors: Hess Daniela , Nishiwaki Julyanna , Liberatori Mariela Fioriti , Fischer Eichinger Fernando Luís
Published: August 2019

Introdução: A espasticidade é uma alteração do tônus muscular, bastante comum na prática clínica, e que, associada à outros sintomas, resulta em limitações importantes para os pacientes. Existe uma grande variedade de métodos para tratamento deste sintoma, contudo, ainda há uma escassez de estudos voltados para identificação de quais as melhores e mais efetivas modalidades de tratamento. Objetivo: Levantar e discutir as diversas modalidades de tratamento disponíveis na atualidade, apontando os melhores resultados com a aplicação destes recursos terapêuticos na prática clínica. Métodos: Realizou-se uma busca nas bases de dados PubMed, MEDLINE, Periódicos CAPES e Google Acadêmico no período compreendido entre 2005 e 2016, através dos descritores espasticidade (spasticity) e tratamento (treatment). Resultados: Foram encontradas as seguintes modalidades de tratamento: farmacológico (baclofeno, benzodiazepínicos, dantrolene sódico, gabapentina, tizanidina, toxina botulínica tipo A e fenol); fisioterapêutico (eletroestimulação, cinesioterapia, crioterapia, termoterapia, fisioterapia aquática, terapia vibratória e equoterapia); cirúrgico (rizotomia, tenotomia e transposição tendinosa); e órteses. Conclusões: Da ampla variedade de tratamentos destaca-se o uso da toxina botulínica tipo A, apresentando bons resultados e poucos efeitos colaterais, porém, o alto custo e a curta duração dos efeitos são limitações importantes. Merece destaque ainda, a cinesioterapia através das técnicas de alongamento como uma importante opção de tratamento da espasticidade, com efeitos imediatos da aplicação e por tratar-se de um procedimento simples e fácil. Muito embora, ainda não estejam claras as recomendações quanto ao número de repetições, amplitude de movimento realizado, tipo de alongamento e tempo do efeito terapêutico da técnica.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas I Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 6 Tapin melalui Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Make A Match
Authors: Rismarini Rismarini
Published: August 2019

Pembelajaran tematik dalam Kurikulum 2013 harus didesain semenarik mungkin dan sedekat mungkin dengan lingkungan siswa untuk menciptakan suasana yang menyenangkan sehingga dapat membangkitkan semangat siswa dalam menggali informasi dari materi yang akan dipelajari. Pembelajaran direncanakan sedemikian rupa agar siswa dapat menemukan konsep sendiri berdasarkan pengetahuan awal sehingga akan lebih bermakna. Hal ini didukung oleh pendapat dari Trianto yang menjelaskan bahwa proses pembelajaran yang aktif, kreatif, inovatif, efektif, dan menyenangkan dapat dilakukan oleh siswa yang disiapkan oleh pendidik melalui kegiatan-kegiatan yang menarik, menyenangkan untuk membangkitkan rasa ingin tahu, memotivasi siswa untuk berpikir kritis, dan menemukan hal-hal baru.Aktivitas guru kelas pada pertemuan 1 siklus I sebesar 68,8% pada pertemuan 2  siklus 1. Setelah siklus 2 mengalami peningkatan dari 77,1% pada pertemuan 1 menjadi 89,6% pada pertemuan kedua (siklus 2). Aktivitas siswa pada siklus I didominasi cukup aktif (pertemuan 1 didominasi cukup aktif dengan nilai 68,64% dan pertemuan ke 2 menjadi 72,72%. Pada siklus II meningkat yaitu dari mayoritas cukup aktif mulai meningkat ke aktivitas aktif  (Siklus II pertemuan 1) sebesar 27,28% dan cukup aktif 52,54% dan pada pertemuan ke 2 didominasi aktivitas sangat aktif sebesar 63,63% dan yang cukup aktif 31,82% (secara keseluruhan dari aktif dikategorikan sangat aktif). Hasil belajar dengan ketuntasan klasikal siklus I pertemuan pertama sebesar 63,63%, pertemuan kedua 68,18%, siklus II pertemuan pertama sebesar 77,27% dan pertemuan kedua 95,45%.