bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional observations of the electric field distribution of variable frequency microwaves, and scaling-up organic syntheses
Authors: Horikoshi Satoshi , Mura Haruka , Serpone Nick
Published: November 2023

Variable Frequency Microwave (VFM) radiation provides a solution to the inhomogeneity of the electric field in the cavity, which has long led to a decline in the reliability of microwave chemical data and its industrial utilization. Herein, we report in-situ three-dimensional experimental measurements of the electric field’s uniform distribution of VFMs within a multimode cavity under high power conditions, and their subsequent comparison to Fixed Frequency Microwaves (FFM) that could only be assessed earlier through theoretical analysis. We also examine the consequences of changes in VFM irradiation conditions and elucidate the threshold at which VFM irradiation might prove beneficial in syntheses. With an ultimate focus on the use of VFM microwave radiation toward industrial applications, we carried out an effective synthesis of 4-methylbyphenyl (4-MBP) in the presence of palladium (the catalyst) supported on activated carbon particulates (Pd/AC), and revisited two principal objectives: (a) the effective suppression of discharge phenomena (formation of hot spots), and (b) synthesis scale-up using a 5-fold increase in sample quantity and a 7.5-fold larger reactor size (diameter) than otherwise used in earlier studies.
Non-Hermitian reconstruction of photonic hierarchical topological states
Authors: Wang Hongfei , Xie Biye , Ren Wei
Published: November 2023

Higher-order topological phases featured by hierarchical topological states (HTSs) have spawned a paradigm for developing robust multidimensional wave manipulation. While non-Hermitian skin effects (NHSEs) entail that bulk states collapse to open boundaries as local skin modes, the topological transport properties at the interplay between HTS and NHSE are still at early stage of exploration. Here, we report the non-Hermitian reconstruction of HTSs by incorporating the interplay of NHSEs and HTSs, which manifests robust and controllable topological transport properties. By a feasible design in coupled resonant optical waveguides, we demonstrate that zero-dimensional topological states of HTSs only undergo non-Hermitian reconstruction at finitely small system sizes, while nonzero-dimensional topological states of HTSs undergo non-Hermitian reconstruction independent of bulk states. We link the behaviour of zero-dimensional topological states to the restriction of their spatially non-negligible couplings under a macroscopic non-reciprocal framework. Our study unveils the interplay mechanism between NHSEs and HTSs, and underpins topological applications in various wave systems.
Large anomalous Hall effect and negative magnetoresistance in half-topological semimetals
Authors: Zhu Yanglin , Huang Cheng-Yi , Wang Yu , Graf David , Lin Hsin , Lee Seng Huat , Singleton John , Min Lujin , Palmstrom Johanna C. , Bansil Arun , Singh Bahadur , Mao Zhiqiang
Published: November 2023

Proposed mechanisms for large intrinsic anomalous Hall effect (AHE) in magnetic topological semimetals include diverging Berry curvatures of Weyl nodes, anticrossing nodal rings or points of non-trivial bands. Here we demonstrate that a half-topological semimetal (HTS) state near a topological critical point can provide an alternative mechanism for a large AHE via systematic studies on an antiferromagnetic (AFM) half-Heusler compound TbPdBi. We not only observe a large AHE with tanΘH ≈ 2 in its field-driven ferromagnetic (FM) phase, but also find a distinct Hall resistivity peak in its canted AFM phase. Moreover, we observe a large negative magnetoresistance with a value of ~98%. Our in-depth theoretical modelling indicates that these exotic transport properties originate from the HTS state which exhibits Berry curvature cancellation between the trivial spin-up and nontrivial spin-down bands. Our study offers alternative strategies for improved materials design for spintronics and other applications.
An assessment of different transition pathways to a green global economy
Authors: Shayegh Soheil , Reissl Severin , Roshan Elnaz , Calcaterra Matteo
Published: November 2023

Transitioning to a green economy is urgently needed to achieve the climate targets by the end of this century. Here we investigate alternative pathways for the transition of the global economy from one dominated by the fossil-fueled (brown) sector to one dominated by the low-emission (green) sector. We modify a well-known integrated assessment model of climate change and economy to consider three transition pathways: Linear, Delayed, and Fast. Our results indicate that the main burden of the green transition lies on capital formation, accumulation, and transfers facilitated by full R&D investment in the green sector’s productivity. We also find that transition pathways rely on different mechanisms to achieve their targets. The Delayed pathway relies on the combination of higher green capital investment and an increase in green capital productivity through R&D investment, while the Fast pathway requires substantial transfers of capital from the brown sector coupled with high abatement efforts.
Multi-use of offshore wind farms with low-trophic aquaculture can help achieve global sustainability goals
Authors: Maar Marie , Holbach Andreas , Boderskov Teis , Thomsen Marianne , Buck Bela H. , Kotta Jonne , Bruhn Annette
Published: November 2023

Multi-use of offshore wind farms with low-trophic aquaculture could provide sustainable energy, nutritious seafood, and restorative ecosystem services through nutrients and carbon capture and utilization. In a transition zone between marine and brackish seas, our model predicted that allocating 10% of projected wind farm areas to blue mussel and sugar kelp aquaculture in the North Sea - Baltic Sea transition zone could yield 18 t-fresh weight ha−1 yr−1. Total carbon captured and harvested from seaweed biomass and mussel shells would equal 40% of the carbon dioxide emissions from the Danish agricultural sector. Furthermore, global aquaculture production is projected to increase by 132% compared to current production. With technological and regulatory challenges still to be addressed, these findings demonstrate a vast potential of multi-use in offshore areas, which can generate blue biomass with fewer user conflicts, while mitigating eutrophication and climate change, thereby supporting multiple global sustainable development goals.
Flavor–Protein Binding on Flavor Delivery
Authors: Reineccius Gary A. , Anantharamkrishnan Vaidhy
Published: November 2023

A major consumer trend today is to increase the amount of protein in the diet. Flavoring foods containing proteins is problematic due to both weak (ionic, van der Waals, hydrogen bonding, etc.) and strong interactions (covalent bonds) that occur between flavoring components and proteins. Weak (aka reversible) bonds come to equilibrium, and thus, a flavor can often be reformulated to possibly compensate for this initial binding. Unfortunately, the loss of flavor components to covalent (aka irreversible) bonds with the protein does not come to any equilibrium but continues until all of the reactive sites (amino acids) in the protein have reacted with the flavoring or all of the reactive flavor components have been consumed. Various factors such as reaction components (flavor compounds and protein type), reaction environment (system pH, aw, and presence of salts/solvents), and reaction conditions (thermal processing and storage temperature) all affect flavor–protein reactions. This chapter will discuss what has been learned about both the reversible and irreversible bond formation between flavorings and various proteins.
Flavour of Cereal and Pseudocereal Proteins
Authors: Zhao Jing , Gibson Madeline , Froble Ava , Liu Changqi
Published: November 2023

Cereals and pseudocereals are important, yet often overlooked, sources of proteins. Although abundant, their use as functional protein ingredients is limited. Few studies have been carried out to characterize their sensorial attributes and flavour profile. In this chapter, we aim to provide an overview of the available flavour information for proteins isolated from a variety of different cereals, including corn, wheat, rice, barley, sorghum, millet, and oat, as well as various pseudocereals such as amaranth, buckwheat, chia, and quinoa. It is imperative to understand the flavour characteristics of these underutilized proteins to fully realize their potential in the food industry. This information can help food manufacturers and processors select and incorporate these proteins into their products in a way that enhances their flavour and overall appeal to consumers.
Theoretical and practical aspects of indirect spin–spin couplings
Authors: Jaźwiński Jarosław
Published: November 2023

This survey gathered works on various aspects of indirect spin–spin coupling constants: new calculation approaches, comparison of calculated and experimental values, indirect spin–spin coupling constants involving heavy nuclei, through space coupling constants and measurements in the gas phase. This review covers the period from May 2022 to April 2023.
Hyperpolarisation techniques
Authors: Equbal Asif , Mewis Ryan E.
Published: November 2023

This chapter focuses on the literature published in 2022, covering hyperpolarisation techniques associated with NMR. The literature reviewed relates to the hyperpolarisation techniques of dynamic nuclear polarisation (DNP), spin-exchange optical pumping (SEOP), parahydrogen induced polarisation (PHIP) and signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE). In addition to reviewing studies that have been conducted using these techniques, a number of reports are discussed that relate to advances in associated hardware and instrumentation.
Storing electrons from H2 for transfer to CO2, all at room temperature
Authors: Shimauchi Daiki , Yatabe Takeshi , Ikesue Yuka , Kajiwara Yuu , Koide Taro , Ando Tatsuya , Yoon Ki-Seok , Nakai Hidetaka , Ogo Seiji
Published: November 2023

An H2-derived energy carrier that stores electrons from H2 at room temperature and transfers them to CO2 at leisure at room temperature.
Multiscale simulation of fluids: coupling molecular and continuum
Authors: Smith Edward R. , Theodorakis Panagiotis E.
Published: November 2023

Coupling of molecular dynamics and computational fluid dynamics methods.
Bifunctional diatomic site catalysts supported by β12-borophene for efficient oxygen evolution and reduction reactions
Authors: Liu Jia , Zhang Minjing , Li Si-Dian , Mu Yuewen
Published: November 2023

The synergistic effect between 3d transition metal atoms on β12-borophene monolayer makes them efficient catalysts for hydrogen evolution (HER), and efficient bifunctional catalysts for oxygen evolution (ORR) and reduction (ORR) reactions.
Self-assembly morphology transition mechanism of similar amphiphilic molecules
Authors: Weng Junben , Yao Haojiang , Wang Junfeng , Li Guohui
Published: November 2023

For similar amphiphilic molecules, the spatial arrangement and diffusion in micelles are the key influencing factors of the self-assembly morphology.
High temperature gamma radiation-induced chromium redox chemistry via in situ spectroscopic measurements
Authors: Conrad Jacy K. , Fox Robert V. , Danaher Emma G. , Horne Gregory P.
Published: November 2023

Gamma irradiation promoted changes in the oxidation state distribution of Cr(iii) and Cr(vi) species in aqueous solution. The extent of these radiation-induced changes was dictated by pH and temperature (37–195 °C), as determined by in situ spectroscopic measurements.
Degradation of NTO induced by superoxide and hydroperoxyl radicals: a comprehensive DFT study
Authors: Sviatenko Liudmyla K. , Gorb Leonid , Leszczynski Jerzy
Published: November 2023

Decomposition of environmental pollutant NTO (5-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-3-one) induced by hydroperoxyl radicals in water is a multistep process, which leads to its mineralization.
Co-recovery of spent LiCoO2 and LiFePO4 by paired electrolysis
Authors: Zhao Jingjing , Zhou Fengyin , Wang Hongya , Qu Xin , Wang Danfeng , Zheng Zhiyu , Cai Yuqi , Gao Shuaibo , Wang Dihua , Yin Huayi
Published: November 2023

A paired electrolysis approach for recovering valuable components from LiCoO2 and LiFePO4 has been developed. This process renders an efficient and clean leaching process with reduced energy input and secondary waste emissions.
Efficient nickel-catalysed telomerisation on glycerol carbonate: a new linker route for lignin functionalisation
Authors: Richard Tiphaine , Abdallah Walid , Trivelli Xavier , Sauthier Mathieu , Dumont Clément
Published: November 2023

An effective method of grafting functionalities onto lignin based on glycerol carbonate has been developed using an efficient nickel-catalysed telomerisation reaction.
Zeta potential characterization using commercial microfluidic chips
Authors: Cottet Jonathan , Oshodi Josephine O. , Yebouet Jesse , Leang Andrea , Furst Ariel L. , Buie Cullen R.
Published: November 2023

A novel, cost-effective method for zeta potential characterization using commercial microfluidic chips and open-source workflows.
Band-gap engineering in methylammonium bismuth bromide perovskites for less-toxic perovskite solar cells
Authors: Pering Samuel R. , Abdulgafar Hunaynah , Mudd Madeleine , Yendall Keith , Togay Mustafa , Elsegood Mark R.J.
Published: November 2023

We present the structure of methylammonium bismuth bromide (DMSO solvate) halide mixing's impact on morphology, structure and band-gap.
Molecular design towards efficient light-emitting copper(i) halide mononuclear hybrids
Authors: Lv Yi , Yang Jing , Li Haibo , Liu Wei , Ouyang Gangfeng
Published: November 2023

The structures and optical properties of copper(i) halide mononuclear hybrids have been studied. Three compounds with different ligands were synthesized by a precursor approach, exhibiting significantly enhanced stability through strong Cu–P bonds.
Recent progress on defect-engineering in ferroelectric HfO2: The next step forward via multiscale structural optimization
Authors: Yan Fengjun , Wu Yao , Liu Yilong , Ai Pu , Liu Shi , Deng Shiqing , Xue Kan-Hao , Fu Qiuyun , Dong Wen
Published: November 2023

“Multiscale structural optimization” is assumed a next step to further optimize the unconventional ferroelectricity in HfO2 for high-performance HfO2-based ferroelectrics and devices.
Chalcogen bonding enabled photosynthesis of aryl selenides from aryl sulfonium salts
Authors: Tan Fang , Su Xiao-Di , Zhang Qing-Shuang , Zhang Bei-Bei , He Lin , Liu Qiang , Chen Xiang-Yu
Published: November 2023

An efficient chalcogen bonding (ChB)-enabled photoactive charge transfer complex protocol for the synthesis of aryl–aryl/aryl–alkyl chalcogenides with aryl sulfonium salts is established.
An efficient particulate photocatalyst for overall water splitting based on scandium and magnesium co-doped strontium titanate
Authors: Ikeda Shigeru , Okamoto Riku , Kimura Akira , Nakayasu Yuhi , Yamakata Akira , Tomizawa Ryota , Masuda Taizo , Nakatani Koichiro
Published: November 2023

A high photocatalytic performance for overall water splitting was demonstrated over a photocatalyst based on a magnesium and scandium co-doped strontium titanate particle composed of a cubic shape having a nanosized step structure on the edge of the particle.
Alkali and alkaline earth metals in liquid salts for supercapatteries
Authors: Guo Qiang , Fan Peiying , Zhang Yuhan , Guan Li , Wang Han , Croft Anna , Chen George Zheng
Published: November 2023

Supercapatteries with liquid salt based electrolytes, battery negatrodes of alkali or alkaline earth metals and supercapacitor positrodes of high anodic stability are promising for outperforming both rechargeable batteries and supercapacitors.
rGO coated cotton fabric and thermoelectric module arrays for efficient solar desalination and electricity generation
Authors: Saleque Ahmed Mortuza , Thakur Amrit Kumar , Saidur R. , Hossain Mohammad Ismail , Qarony Wayesh , Ahamed Md Shamim , Lynch Iseult , Ma Y. , Tsang Yuen Hong
Published: November 2023

This research employs rGO-coated fabric for desalination, harnesses solar heat for power generation via TEG modules, and produces emission-free hydrogen through seawater electrolysis, showcasing an in situ solution for desalination waste remediation.
Natural wood-based triboelectric nanogenerators with high fire-safety for energy harvesting toward intelligent buildings
Authors: Tang Bo , Deng Ze-Peng , Wu Jia-Min , Zhao Yu-Yao , Tan Qiang-Wu , Song Fei , Wang Xiu-Li , Wang Yu-Zhong
Published: November 2023

A wood-based triboelectric nanogenerator with high fire-safety and triboelectric energy generation performances is demonstrated, with potential applications in wireless fire alarm, emergency rescue guidance, and real-time motion monitoring.
Constructing Fe–N-doped porous carbon nanofibers for a pH-universal ORR and switchable, superior Zn–air batteries
Authors: Ma Yu , Xiao Yuhan , Ge Yanfeng , Gao Degong , Zhang Yunge , Li Zepeng , Han Yingdong
Published: November 2023

Efficient pH-universal electrocatalysts composed of highly dispersive tiny Fe nanoparticle units in a carbon nanofiber network is reported. The as-assembled zinc–air batteries in alkaline and neutral electrolytes exhibit excellent overall performance.
Emission variation and spontaneous deformation of CsPbBr3 perovskite nanoplatelets at low concentrations
Authors: Zhang Hui , Cai Feifei , Huang Bo , Zhang Huichao , Li Shitong
Published: November 2023

A conspicuous red shift in the photoluminescence spectrum is observed during the gradual dilution of CsPbBr3 nanoplatelets, which is due to the room-temperature ripening mechanism.
Ultrathin and flexible polyimide/Ti3C2TX MXene composite films for electromagnetic interference shielding with harsh environment tolerance
Authors: Tan Binzhe , Guo Dongya , Tao Zhirong , Chen Zhibo , Lv Zhijian , Wu Guozhang , Lin Yu
Published: November 2023

The ultrathin and flexible PI/Ti3C2TX composite film with a nacre-like lamellar structure exhibits excellent mechanical properties and EMI shielding stability and durability.
Assessing the roles of synthesis method and chemical composition in determining structure–property correlations in alloyed, ultrathin nanowire motifs for the methanol oxidation reaction
Authors: McGuire Scott C. , Hurley Nathaniel R. , Gallagher Michael G. , Zhang Lihua , Frenkel Anatoly I. , Wong Stanislaus S.
Published: November 2023

Using microscopy and spectroscopy to assess ultrathin nanowire structure.
Linear switched system modelling and analysis for the servo system
Authors: Zhang Qian , Ma Qianqian , Yang Heng , Cao Wenping , Wang Qunjing
Published: November 2023

Aiming at resolving the parameter uncertainty of the servo system under multi‐working conditions, a flatness‐based switched linear system model is proposed. Firstly, a fifth‐order linear switched discrete‐time system with uncertain parameters is established. The flatness properties of switched system is described and a de Bruijn's graph‐based framework is introduced for graphical description of the switched system. In addition, non‐linear bode diagrams are obtained via sweeping signals with multiple amplitudes. The discrete equations of the electromechanical servo system are established by the bode plots. The unknown parameters of the subsystems in switched model are identified by the simulated annealing algorithm, and compared with the least squares method to verify the accuracy of the identified parameters. Finally, the simulation model and experimental platform are constructed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The switched model is compared with the classical transfer function model and single subsystems. The results indicate that the resolution of parameter uncertainty in servo systems is effective. The accuracy of the established switched model is about 99.5%. The accuracy of the switched linear system model of the electromechanical servo system is verified and the proposed modelling method is validated.
Transformerless partial power converter topology for electric vehicle fast charge
Authors: Pesantez Daniel , Renaudineau Hugues , Rivera Sebastian , Peralta Alejandro , Marquez Alcaide Abraham , Kouro Samir
Published: November 2023

Increasing the power rating of electric vehicles (EV) fast charging stations to reduce charging times is considered critical to accelerate the adoption of electric vehicles. Besides increasing the power, other drivers pushing the development of EV fast chargers include the improvement of efficiency and reliability. Partial power converters (PPC) have emerged as an interesting option for some of the power converter stages in fast charging stations due to their potential to increase efficiency and power rating. However, some PPCs operate as switched autotransformers by using high frequency (HF) isolation transformers but without providing galvanic isolation. This is a drawback due to cost, size and losses introduced by the transformer. This paper presents a transformerless DC–DC Type I step‐up PPC for a DC–DC regulation converter for EV fast charging stations. The proposed converter replaces the transformer commonly used in Type I PPC by an impedance network, resulting in a more efficient, cheaper, and less complex converter option. This concept is verified through simulations and experimentally validated with a laboratory prototype.
Bisymmetric pupil modification deconvolution strategy for differential optical transfer function (dOTF) wavefront sensing
Authors: Martinez P. , Dharmadhikari R.
Published: November 2023

Context.The differential optical transfer function (dOTF) is a model-independent image-based wavefront sensor for measuring the complex pupil field (phase and amplitude). This method is particularly suitable for compensating non-common path aberrations or for the phasing of segmented telescopes that often prevent the so-called diffraction-limit resolution from being achieved with real-world instruments.

Aims.The main problem inherent to the dOTF approach is to address the effect of the convolution. The resolution of the recovered complex pupil field is impacted by the size of the pupil modification. The complex pupil field estimated by the dOTF is blurred by convolution with the complex conjugate of the pupil modification. If the pupil modification involves a non-negligible region of the pupil (actuator or segment poke), it causes significant blurring and resolution loss.

Methods.We propose a bisymmetric pupil modification deconvolution strategy to solve this problem. We use two different dOTFs with the opposite-sign pupil modification to identify the pupil modification location and four dOTFs with a symmetric pupil modification to complete the knowledge of their impact on the complex pupil field prior to the deconvolution process in the Fourier domain. The proposed strategy solves the intrinsic limitation of a former deconvolution algorithm, namely the cross-iteration deconvolution algorithm, which is restricted to amplitude pupil modification and precludes its applicability to phase pupil modification.

Results.The bissymetric pupil modification deconvolution strategy is a novel probing pattern that permits the extension of iterative cross-deconvolution to phase-only probes. The effectiveness of the proposed approach has been validated analytically and with numerical simulations.

Conclusions.The bisymmetric pupil modification deconvolution strategy can improve the resolution and accuracy of dOTF wavefront sensing and contributes to efficient and precise image-based wavefront sensing techniques.
Dynamical programming for off-the-grid dynamic inverse problems
Authors: Duval Vincent , Tovey Robert
Published: November 2023

In this work we consider off-the-grid algorithms for the reconstruction of sparse measures from time-varying data. In particular, the reconstruction is a finite collection of Dirac measures whose locations and masses vary continuously in time. Recent work showed that this decomposition was possible by minimising a convex variational model which combined a quadratic data fidelity with dynamical Optimal Transport. We generalise this framework and propose new numerical methods which leverage efficient classical algorithms for computing shortest paths on directed acyclic graphs. Our theoretical analysis confirms that these methods converge to globally optimal reconstructions. Numerically, we show new examples for unbalanced Optimal Transport penalties, and for balanced examples we are 100 times faster in comparison to the previously known method.
Use of bibliometric software to explore the relationship between scientific literacy and socio-scientific issues
Authors: Murni Arie Widya , Suryanti  , Suprapto Nadi
Published: November 2023

This article aims to provide a bibliometric analysis of relevant literature to explore the relationship between scientific culture and social science issues in research trends or publications indexed by the Scopus database. This analysis can reveal the extent of the relationship between scientific literacy and socio-scientific issues. The study methodology used was the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses explained in a four-step usage flow diagram including identification, selection, eligibility and inclusion, which will then be applied when carrying out the review process to assist reporting authors. This search examined all journal articles related to scientific literacy and socio-scientific issues. All data were collected in the Scopus database from 106 articles published between 2014 and 2022. Much research has been conducted on issues of scientific knowledge and social sciences in a variety of fields. However, research that specifically addresses scientific literacy and socioscientific issues remains rare. This is clearly shown through the analysis results performed using VOSviewer software. This article uses bibliometric analysis to identify the main subject areas of each of the studies undertaken and to explore the relationship between scientific literacy and socioscientific issues in the fields.
IoT of melon plant continuous diagnostic technique using an open chamber system measurement for photosynthesis and transpiration
Authors: Sato Nobuyuki
Published: November 2023

Greenhouse growers can utilize techniques to measure the condition of crops, such as growth rate and wilting degree, in addition to environmental information such as temperature, humidity, and solar radiation. These measurements can serve as supplementary data for cultivation management decisions. Among them, photosynthetic rate is a crucial indicator for crop productivity and yield. In this study, we aimed to develop a system that continuously measures the photosynthetic rate, an essential factor in crop biomass production, using an open chamber methodwithin a melon cultivation greenhouse. The measured data is uploaded to thecloud, enabling real-time monitoring of melon photosynthesis throughout the cultivation process. The developed system was implemented at a low cost by utilizing a CO2 sensor, a singleboard microcontroller, and a cloudbased database service. With this system, the net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of melon plants could be continuously measured over an extended period and accessed anytime using a PC or smartphone. Additionally, concurrent measurements of melon plant weight and fruit weight allowed for visualizing the plant’s response to environmental factors, including changes in photosynthesis and transpiration rates due to weather conditions.
The Effect of Temulawak (Curcuma xhantorrhiza) Dose on Tofu Dreg Plus Complete Feed Silage With Methane Relative Mitigation: In-Vitro
Authors: Urip Pambudi Sujarnoko Tekad , Saputra Lim Martin , Budiono Dwi , Amalia Sholeha Novia , Firmansyah Dudi , Zahera Rika , Fatimah Fatimah , Resmeiliana Ika , Laila Farida
Published: November 2023

Temulawak is an antimicrobial herb that can preserve the proteins in the feed from deamination and decay during the silage period. Tofu dregs are a feed ingredient that is difficult to preserve because they have high water content and protein. Temulawak powder may decrease deamination during the silage process because it has the ability as an antimicrobe and protein binder. Temulawak can reduce methane emissions by diminishing the number of protozoa that serve as hosts for methanogenic archaea. Temulawak with a harvest age of 3 months after planting, then dried at 65°C to constant weight, grounded, and tested on mix ration silage at doses of 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75 %, and 1% from feed dry matter (DM). The experiment was carried out four times using a complete random design and in vitro silage was evaluated in the following 14 days. The results indicated that adding temulawak would reduce ammonia production with p<0.01, significantly increase the crude protein content of silage P<0.05 and decrease rumen ammonia P<0.01. The treatment increased total volatile fatty acid (VFA) production P<0.01), and reduced methane level P<0.01. The methane relative to dry matter (DM), organic matter, and total gas revealed a significant decrease with P<0.05. The 0.25% treatment level had the lowest total methane concentration and relative. Concluded that the optimal dose of temulawak addition to complete feed plus tofu dreg silage is 0.25% from DM.
The Insignificant Impact of Eco-Green Concept as a Marketing Strategy in the Hospitality Industry
Authors: Mahendra Susanto Joko , Agfianto Tomi
Published: November 2023

Batu City is well-known to visitors as one of the leading tourism destinations in East Java Province. This condition raises the rapid growth of the area’s primary and supporting tourism industries. The increasingly rapid business growth has led to stricter business competition and forced business owners in this sector to adapt and evaluate opportunities to maintain the sustainability of their business. Furthermore, various business innovations are carried out by industries hoping that tourists, including the hospitality industry, will still use their companies. One of the hospitality concepts favored by tourists is the eco-green concept, in which hotels implement environmentally friendly values as the primary strategy for attracting tourists. Is this the right decision and strategy? This study aims to assess the level of significance of the eco-green concept as a marketing tool by companies. This research was conducted in Kampung Lumbung EcoBoutique Hotel Batu, where the hotel was the first accommodation to implement the eco-green concept in Batu City since 2006. Data were collected by distributing questionnaires to guests, interviews with hotel managers, observation, documentation, and literature study. Multiple linear regression with practical and relative contributions is used to analyze the effect value. The main results from this study indicate that the eco-green concept does not significantly impact marketing strategies in the hospitality industry. It happens because there are different values between guest expectations and management’s understanding of the concept of an environmentally friendly hotel. The results also show that adaptation to technological advances is needed to meet guest expectations and maximize the concept of environmentally friendly hotels as a marketing strategy to achieve business goals.
Marketing Strategy and Consumer Satisfaction in Gen Z’s Purchasing Decision (Study Case at Mie Gacoan Bogor)
Authors: Dewi Intani , Aziz Husyairi Khoirul , Imas Faidhoh Fatimah Ai , Rafananda Raja Harahap Ghassan , Ayu Setyaningrum Puspa , Putri Prisillia Viska , Asochia Naomi Sitohang Eldora , Hadi Kusuma Ardya , Salsabila Cahyani Bella
Published: November 2023

Mie Gacoan is a growing culinary business in Bogor. Mie Gacoan offers a menu of noodles with different levels of spiciness depending on what the customer wants. This type of noodle food is increasingly popular in society, especially among the younger generation. In conditions of solid commercial competition, many businesses must prioritize consumer satisfaction so that consumers remain loyal and do not start consuming competitors’ products. This can only be achieved if customer satisfaction is achieved. Several dimensions, including product quality dimensions and service quality dimensions, can measure customer satisfaction. Therefore, this paper’s objectives are: (1) to analyze the decision-making process of Gen Z as consumers of Mie Gacoan Bogor City. (2) to analyze the level of consumer satisfaction of Mie Gacoan in Bogor City. This research uses questionnaires to collect data by interviewing Generation Z as Mie Gacoan consumers to obtain information. It uses the CSI (Customer Satisfaction Index) as a research method. Based on research, the CSI value obtained is 89.7%, which states that the level of customer satisfaction is delighted based on the analysis of the level of satisfaction with CSI calculations.
Dermaceutical Utilization of Nigella sativa Seeds:
Applications and Opportunities
Authors: Khatoon Mariyam , Kushwaha Poonam , Usmani Shazia , Madan Kumud
Published: November 2023

Skin diseases have recently become a major concern among people of all ages due
to their highly visible symptoms and persistent and difficult treatment, which
significantly impact their quality of life. Nigella sativa seeds, also
known as "black seeds" or "kalonji," are one of
the most commonly used herbal medicines due to their wide range of biological
and pharmacological activities. It contains a wide range of bioactive
constituents found in both fixed and essential oils. It has been used for
hundreds of years as an alternative ethnomedicine to treat a wide range of skin
conditions. N. sativa's dermatological applications in skin
diseases are attributed to its potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory,
antimicrobial, and immunomodulatory properties, making it an intriguing skincare
candidate. Several studies unravelled positive results associated with N.
sativa on skin diseases. As N. sativa is the most studied
medicinal plant, several preclinical and clinical studies have been conducted to
establish its use in the treatment of various skin diseases. Thymoquinone has
anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties, which mainly
contributed to the treatment of skin diseases. In this context, the present
review explores all the available studies on the association of N. sativa
and its effect on treating skin diseases in light of recent studies and patents
supporting its therapeutic applications.
Evaluation of the Effect of Low-dose Aspirin on the Prevention of Preterm Delivery in Women with a History of Spontaneous Preterm Delivery
Authors: Mirzamoradi Masoumeh , Dehghani Zahra , Azadi Pegah , Mohammadi Maryam , Khavandegar Armin , Bakhtiyari Mahmood
Published: November 2023

Objective Currently, uteroplacental vascular disorders are considered one of the main mechanisms of spontaneous preterm delivery (PTD). Low-dose aspirin is used to prevent pre-eclampsia, which has a similar mechanism; hence, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of low-dose aspirin on the prevention of PTD in women with a history of spontaneous PTD.

Methods The present pilot randomized clinical trial was conducted on 54 pregnant women in the aspirin group (taking 80 mg daily until the 36th week and classic treatment) and 53 patients in the control group (only receiving classic treatment).

Results Forty-three patients (40%) presented before 37 weeks due to symptoms of PTL. Preterm delivery (< 37 weeks) occurred in 28 patients (26%), and there was no significant difference between the aspirin and control groups (10 patients [19%] and 18 patients [34%], respectively; p = 0.069). The time of preterm delivery was early (< 34 weeks) in 6 patients (21%), and its cause was spontaneous labor in 23 patients (82%) which was not significantly different between the two groups (p > 0.05). Out of 40 patients with spontaneous labor, 25 patients (63%) had a PTD, which was significantly lower in the aspirin group than in the control group (9 patients [45%] versus 16 patients [80%], respectively; p = 0.022).

Conclusion The findings of the present study demonstrated that despite the reduction in the incidence of PTD using low-dose aspirin, the reduction rate was not statistically significant. On the other hand, in patients with spontaneous labor prone to PTD, aspirin was effective in reducing the incidence of PTD.
Five-year Contraceptive Use of 52-mg Levonorgestrel Releasing Intrauterine System in Young Women, Menstrual Patterns, and New Contraceptive Choice
Authors: de Oliveira Elaine Cristina Fontes , Rocha Ana Luiza Lunardi
Published: November 2023

Objective To evaluate the continuation rates of the 52-mg levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) during the first 5 years of use, reasons for its discontinuation, bleeding patterns, and new contraceptive choice after the 5th year, in adolescents and young women.

Methods The present study was a 5-year prospective cohort conducted in a Family Planning Service of a tertiary hospital in Brazil. We selected 100 healthy women between 15 and 24 years old who used 52-mg LNG-IUS for contraception. The clinical follow-up of these women took place from June 2017 to December 2022. The study evaluated the continuation rates of the method, reasons for its discontinuation, bleeding patterns, and new contraceptive choice after the 5th year. Continuous data were reported as mean ± standard deviation (SD) and range (minimum-maximum). Categorical variables were described as percentages.

Results The continuation rates of LNG-IUS were 89.1% (82/92), 82.9% (72/87), 75.3% (64/85), 70.5% (60/85), and 64.2% (54/84) in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th years of use, respectively. The main reason for discontinuation was acne (11/30). Amenorrhea rates were 50, 54.1, 39, 35.7, and 51.8% at 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months, respectively. All patients who completed the study and needed contraception after the 5th year opted for long-acting contraceptive methods (LARC).

Conclusion The LNG-IUS showed high continuation rates in adolescents and young women in the first 5 years of use. Most patients who completed the study chose a LARC method after the 5th year.
Word-Finding Difficulties as a Prominent Early Finding in a Later Diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Ganelin-Cohen Esther , Pilowsky Peleg Tammy , Leibovich Noa , Bachrachg Esther , Watemberg Nathan
Published: November 2023

Objective Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neuropsychological disorder primarily diagnosed in childhood. Early intervention was found to significantly improve developmental outcomes, implicating on the role of early identification of ADHD markers. In the current study, we explored the developmental history of children referred to neurological assessment to identify early ADHD predictors.

Methods A total of 92 children and adolescents (41 females) recruited at a pediatric neurology clinic, with suspected ADHD (n = 39) or other neurological difficulties (n = 53) such as headaches, seizures, tic disorders, orthostatic hypotension, postischemic stroke, intermittent pain, and vasovagal syncope. Developmental history information was obtained from caregivers, and evaluation for possible ADHD was performed. Developmental details were compared between children with and without current ADHD diagnosis.

Results Word-finding difficulties (WFDs) in preschool age was reported in 30.4% of the sample. Among children diagnosed with ADHD, 43% had WFDs history, compared with only 5% in children without ADHD. Among children with WFDs history, 93% were later diagnosed with ADHD compared with 42% in children without WFDs history. The relationship between WFDs and ADHD was significant (chi-square test [1, N = 92] = 20.478, p < 0.0001), and a logistic regression model demonstrated that asides from a family history of ADHD, the strongest predictor for ADHD in school age children was a history of WFDs.

Conclusion Preliminary evidence supports a predictive link between preschool WFDs and later ADHD diagnosis, highlighting the importance of early WFDs clinical attention.
A-T Flap for Reconstruction of Nasal Dorsum Skin Defects
Authors: Deutsch Peter , Limbrick Jack , Anari Shahram
Published: November 2023

Reconstruction of nasal defects can be challenging, especially when encountering larger defects. We describe the use of a single-stage conversion of an ‘A’ shaped defect to a ‘T’ shaped scar of large nasal skin defects in the cosmetically sensitive supra-tip and supra-alar regions. This study aimed to determine whether an A-T flap is a suitable option for nasal reconstruction and if so where and what size defects it can be used for. Retrospective case series review over an 8-year period (2011–2019) in a tertiary referral center in the United Kingdom. Case analysis was undertaken in 2020 including all patients who underwent A-T reconstruction of nasal defects. A review of histology, case notes, and clinical photography was undertaken. A total of 27 patients were identified—13 (48%) female and 14 (52%) male. The median age was 73 years (range 31–90 years). Defect locations were supra-tip (48%) and supra-alar (52%). The largest defect closed was 895 mm2 (30 × 38 mm). Range 35 to 895 mm2 (median 264 mm2). No patient required revision or corrective procedures. No functional impairment was identified. Patient and clinician reported aesthetic outcomes as good in all cases. No reports of this technique could be identified in the literature. The A-T flap is a viable option for supra-tip and supra-alar skin defects (up to 895 mm2 in our series). It aligns well with the basic principles of nasal reconstruction. The flap can be performed under local anesthesia in one stage, resulting in good functional and aesthetic outcomes and so can be considered a valuable tool for the nasal reconstructive surgeon.
Perioperative Histologically Controlled Fistula Resection in Patients with Imperforate Anus and Perineal Fistula
Authors: Skaba Richard , Dotlacil Vojtech , Fuccillo Pavla , Rouskova Blanka , Pos Lucie , Rygl Michal
Published: November 2023

Introduction Postoperative constipation (PC) in patients with imperforate anus and perineal fistula (PF) has been reported in up to 60%. Histological studies of PF revealed innervation anomalies which seem to be one of the reasons for PC. Perioperative histologically controlled fistula resection (PHCFR) allows appropriate resection of PF and pull-down normoganglionic rectum at the time of posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP).

Materials and Methods A total of 665 patients with anorectal malformations underwent surgery between 1991 and 2021. Of these, 364 presented PF; 92 out of them (41 F) were studied. Patients with sacral and spinal cord anomalies, neurological disorders, and cut-back anoplasty were excluded. PSARP was done on all patients. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and NADH Tetrazolium-reductase histochemical method were used. Four and more ganglion cells in the myenteric plexus represented a sufficient length of the resection. The continence was scored according to the modified Krickenbeck scoring system. Final scores ranged from 1 to 7 points. Values are given as median.

Results A total of 65 (70.7%) patients presented an aganglionic segment in PF, and 27 patients presented hypoganglionosis. The median length of the resected fistula was 25 mm (interquartile range [IQR]: 20–30). The median total continence score was 7 (IQR: 6–7). Post-op constipation was observed in 6/92 (6.5%) patients.

Conclusion PHCFR diminished PC to 6.5% of patients.
Langevin picture of subdiffusion in nonuniformly expanding medium
Authors: Chen Yao , Wang Xudong , Wang Wanli
Published: November 2023

Anomalous diffusion phenomena have been observed in many complex physical and biological systems. One significant advance recently is the physical extension of particle’s motion in a static medium to a uniformly and even nonuniformly expanding medium. The dynamic mechanism of the anomalous diffusion in the nonuniformly expanding medium has only been investigated by the approach of continuous-time random walk. To study more physical observables and to supplement the physical models of the anomalous diffusion in the expanding mediums, we characterize the nonuniformly expanding medium with a spatiotemporal dependent scale factor a(x,t) and build the Langevin picture describing the particle’s motion in the nonuniformly expanding medium. Besides the existing comoving and physical coordinates, by introducing a new coordinate and assuming that a(x,t) is separable at a long-time limit, we build the relation between the nonuniformly expanding medium and the uniformly expanding one and further obtain the moments of the comoving and physical coordinates. Different forms of the scale factor a(x,t) are considered to uncover the combined effects of the particle’s intrinsic diffusion and the nonuniform expansion of medium. The theoretical analyses and simulations provide the foundation for studying more anomalous diffusion phenomena in the expanding mediums.
Multi-fidelity Bayesian optimization for spatially distributed control of flow over a circular cylinder
Authors: Han Bing-Zheng , Huang Wei-Xi , Xu Chun-Xiao
Published: November 2023

Bayesian optimization based on Gaussian process regression has recently spread into a range of computational fluid dynamics problems. It still remains to be explored and developed for the complex flow problems with high dimensions and large computational cost. In this work, we present the application of multi-fidelity Bayesian optimization (MFBO) to drag reduction control of flow over a two-dimensional circular cylinder. The flow is modified by the spatially distributed tangential velocity on the cylinder surface, which is optimized by utilization of MFBO. It is shown that 50% reduction of the computational cost is obtained by using MFBO, as compared with that of single-fidelity Bayesian optimization, by involving low-fidelity simulations. The optimal tangential velocity distribution designed by MFBO is successfully applied to modify the wake of cylinder. As a result, an average drag coefficient reduction rate of 36.2% and decrease in the fluctuation amplitude of lift coefficient by 85.7% at Re = 200 are obtained. Effects of the hyper-parameters of the proposed MFBO control architecture are also examined.
Quantum-mechanical water-flow enhancement through a sub-nanometer carbon nanotube
Authors: Ambrosetti Alberto , Silvestrelli Pier Luigi
Published: November 2023

Experimental observations unambiguously reveal quasi-frictionless water flow through nanometer-scale carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Classical fluid mechanics is deemed unfit to describe this enhanced flow, and recent investigations indicated that quantum mechanics is required to interpret the extremely weak water–CNT friction. In fact, by quantum scattering, water can only release discrete energy upon excitation of electronic and phononic modes in the CNT. Here, we analyze in detail how a traveling water molecule couples to both plasmon and phonon excitations within a sub-nanometer, periodic CNT. We find that the water molecule needs to exceed a minimum speed threshold of ∼50 m/s in order to scatter against CNT electronic and vibrational modes. Below this threshold, scattering is suppressed, as in standard superfluidity mechanisms. The scattering rates, relevant for faster water molecules, are also estimated.