bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stochastic ℋ∞ Finite‐Time Control of Discrete‐Time Systems with Packet Loss
Authors: Zhang Yingqi , Cheng Wei , Mu Xiaowu , Liu Caixia
Published: March 2012

This paper investigates the stochastic finite‐time stabilization and ℋ∞ control problem for one family of linear discrete‐time systems over networks with packet loss, parametric uncertainties, and time‐varying norm‐bounded disturbance. Firstly, the dynamic model description studied is given, which, if the packet dropout is assumed to be a discrete‐time homogenous Markov process, the class of discrete‐time linear systems with packet loss can be regarded as Markovian jump systems. Based on Lyapunov function approach, sufficient conditions are established for the resulting closed‐loop discrete‐time system with Markovian jumps to be stochastic ℋ∞ finite‐time boundedness and then state feedback controllers are designed to guarantee stochastic ℋ∞ finite‐time stabilization of the class of stochastic systems. The stochastic ℋ∞ finite‐time boundedness criteria can be tackled in the form of linear matrix inequalities with a fixed parameter. As an auxiliary result, we also give sufficient conditions on the robust stochastic stabilization of the class of linear systems with packet loss. Finally, simulation examples are presented to illustrate the validity of the developed scheme.
Healthcare Costs and Workloss Burden of Patients with Chemotherapy-Associated Peripheral Neuropathy in Breast, Ovarian, Head and Neck, and Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Pike Crystal T. , Birnbaum Howard G. , Muehlenbein Catherine E. , Pohl Gerhardt M. , Natale Ronald B.
Published: March 2012

Objective. Chemotherapy-associated peripheral neuropathy (CAPN) is a painful side-effect of chemotherapy. This study assesses healthcare and workloss costs of CAPN patients with breast, ovarian, head/neck, or non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from a third-party payor/employer perspective. Research Design and Methods. Patients with qualifying tumors, and claims for chemotherapy and services indicative of peripheral neuropathy (PN) within 9-months of chemotherapy (cases) were identified in a administrative claims database. Cases were matched 1 : 1 to controls with no PN-related claims based on demographics, diabetes history and propensity for having a diagnosis of PN during the study period (based on resource use and comorbidities in a 3-month baseline period). Average all-cause healthcare costs, resource use and workloss burden were determined. Results. Average healthcare costs were $17,344 higher for CAPN cases than their non-CAPN controls, with outpatient costs being the highest component (with cases having excess costs of $8,092). On average, each CAPN case had 12 more outpatient visits than controls, and spent more days in the hospital. Workloss burden was higher for cases but not statistically different from controls. Conclusion. This study establishes that breast, ovarian, head/neck, or NSCLC patients with CAPN have significant excess healthcare costs and resource use.
Alteration Development of the Simulated HLW Glass at High Temperature in Beishan Underground Water
Authors: Zhang Zhentao , Gan Xueying , Wang Lei , Xing Haiqing
Published: March 2012

The simulated HLW glass was found to be altered in Beishan underground water at high temperature in two different stages starting with slow leaching of the immobilized elements for a period followed by a sharp degradation of the glass matrix. Immersed at 150°C in Beishan underground water with glass-surface-area-to-solution-volume ratio of 6000 m-1, the glass was alterated rapidly with the sharp release of B, Na, Li, Cs, and Mo from the cold HLW glass after a stable period of 180 days. The glass was degraded up to 73.6% for the immersion period of 730 days resulting in the release of Mo and Cs up to 73.6% and 2.7% from the glass, respectively. With the alteration underway, new minerals were identified to be zeolite P, mordenite, nontronite, dickite, okonite, quartz, saponite, and tincalconite. However, at low temperature of 90°C, the glass was very stable with limited leaching of Na, B, and Li.
CD4+T Cells: Differentiation and Functions
Authors: Luckheeram Rishi Vishal , Zhou Rui , Verma Asha Devi , Xia Bing
Published: March 2012

CD4+T cells are crucial in achieving a regulated effective immune response to pathogens. Naive CD4+T cells are activated after interaction with antigen-MHC complex and differentiate into specific subtypes depending mainly on the cytokine milieu of the microenvironment. Besides the classical T-helper 1 and T-helper 2, other subsets have been identified, including T-helper 17, regulatory T cell, follicular helper T cell, and T-helper 9, each with a characteristic cytokine profile. For a particular phenotype to be differentiated, a set of cytokine signaling pathways coupled with activation of lineage-specific transcription factors and epigenetic modifications at appropriate genes are required. The effector functions of these cells are mediated by the cytokines secreted by the differentiated cells. This paper will focus on the cytokine-signaling and the network of transcription factors responsible for the differentiation of naive CD4+T cells.
Exponential Passification of Markovian Jump Nonlinear Systems with Partially Known Transition Rates
Authors: Luo Mengzhuo , Zhong Shouming
Published: March 2012

The problems of delay‐dependent exponential passivity analysis and exponential passification of uncertain Markovian jump systems (MJSs) with partially known transition rates are investigated. In the deterministic model, the time‐varying delay is in a given range and the uncertainties are assumed to be norm bounded. With constructing appropriate Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functional (LKF) combining with Jensen’s inequality and the free‐weighting matrix method, delay‐dependent exponential passification conditions are obtained in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMI). Based on the condition, desired state‐feedback controllers are designed, which guarantee that the closed‐loop MJS is exponentially passive. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
HDL Mimetics Inhibit Tumor Development in Both Induced and Spontaneous Mouse Models of Colon Cancer
Authors: Su Feng , Grijalva Victor , Navab Kaveh , Ganapathy Ekambaram , Meriwether David , Imaizumi Satoshi , Navab Mohamad , Fogelman Alan M. , Reddy Srinivasa T. , Farias-Eisner Robin
Published: March 2012

Recent studies suggest that high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels are inversely related to colon cancer risk. HDL mimetics constructed from a number of peptides and proteins with varying structures possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties reminiscent of HDL. In this article, we examined whether HDL mimetics, L-4F (an apolipoprotein A-I mimetic peptide) and G* (an apolipoprotein J mimetic peptide) affect tumor growth and development in mouse models of colon cancer. HDL mimetics reduced viability and proliferation of CT26 cells, a mouse colon adenocarcinoma cell line, and decreased CT26 cell–mediated tumor burden in BALB/c mice when administered subcutaneously or orally. Plasma levels of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a serum biomarker for colon cancer, were significantly reduced in mice that received HDL mimetics, suggesting that binding and removal of proinflammatory lipids is a potential mechanism for the inhibition of tumor development by HDL mimetics. Furthermore, L-4F significantly reduced size and number of polyps in APCmin/+ mice, a mouse model for human familial adenomatous polyposis, suggesting that HDL mimetics are effective in inhibiting the development of both induced and spontaneous cancers of the colon. Our results, for the first time, identify HDL mimetics as a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of colon cancer. Mol Cancer Ther; 11(6); 1311–9. ©2012 AACR.
USP2a Activation of MYC in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Nelson William G. , De Marzo Angelo M. , Yegnasubramanian Srinivasan
Published: March 2012

Ubiquitin-specific protease 2a, a deubiquitinating enzyme, elevates MYC levels in prostate cancer cells via its stabilization of MDM2, undermining p53 regulation of microRNAs that target MYC mRNA. Cancer Discovery; 2(3); 206–7. ©2012 AACR.

Commentary on Benassi et al., p. 236.
Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Southern Norway – A Hospital-Based Incidence Study
Authors: Tveiten Arnstein , Ljøstad Unn , Mygland Åse , Thomassen Lars , Pripp Are Hugo , Naess Halvor
Published: March 2012

Background/Aims: Newer Scandinavian data on intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) are scarce. We aimed at providing updated community-based data on the incidence, characteristics and outcome of ICH leading to hospitalization in the southernmost region in Norway. Methods: We analyzed data from all consecutive patients hospitalized with a first-ever ICH in the five-year period 2005–2009 in a well-defined area served by one single hospital. Cases were found by computerized search in a register covering all in- and outpatients. Results: Adjusted to the standard European population the annual incidence rate per 100,000 was 16.9 for men, 8.8 for women (p < 0.001) and 12.5 for both sexes. The incidence rates rose continuously with increasing age through all age groups in both sexes. The proportion with warfarin-associated ICH was 26.9%. The overall 30-day case fatality rate was 36.6%. The hematoma location was lobar in 36.6%, deep cerebral in 45.5%, cerebellar in 9.7%, and brain stem in 8.2%. Conclusions: The incidence of ICH in the southernmost region in Norway is in the midrange in Europe and lower than in previous Scandinavian studies. Men are at higher risk than women. The proportion with warfarin-associated ICH is higher than previously reported from Scandinavia.
High Prevalence of Major Neurological Disorders in Two Albanian Communities: Results of a Door-to-Door Survey
Authors: Kruja J. , Beghi E. , Zerbi D. , Dobi D. , Kuqo A. , Zekja I. , Mijo S. , Kapisyzi M. , Messina P.
Published: March 2012

Background: There are few epidemiological studies on neurological disorders in Albania. Methods: A door-to-door survey was undertaken in two geographical areas (Tirana and Saranda) with different socioeconomic backgrounds. Two random samples of the local population underwent a structured interview to ascertain headache, epilepsy, dementia, parkinsonism, multiple sclerosis, polyneuropathy, stroke and cerebral palsy. Each diagnosis was made using standard criteria for epidemiological studies and was confirmed by history, neurological examination and, where available, the review of personal medical records. Lifetime prevalence ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Results: Of the 9,869 individuals screened (Tirana 4,953; Saranda 4,916), 4,867 were males aged 1–91 years (median 39 years) and 5,002 were females aged 1–96 years (median 37 years). Crude prevalence ratios (per 1,000) were: headache 241.9 (233.5–250.3), polyneuropathy 32.5 (29.0–36.0), epilepsy 14.2 (11.7–16.3), stroke 12.4 (10.2–14.6), dementia 9.6 (7.7–11.5), parkinsonism 8.0 (6.2–9.8), cerebral palsy 4.8 (3.4–6.2), and multiple sclerosis 0.3 (0.0–0.6). Prevalence varied with age and gender, with differences across diseases. Except for polyneuropathy (Tirana 39.8; Saranda 25.2), ratios were not different in the two study areas. Conclusions: The prevalence of selected neurological disorders in Albania is higher than in other countries. Differences may be explained by study design, population structure and/or genetic and environmental factors.
Evaluation of Systemic Redox States in Patients Carrying the MELAS A3243G Mutation in Mitochondrial DNA
Authors: Ikawa Masamichi , Arakawa Kenichiro , Hamano Tadanori , Nagata Miwako , Nakamoto Yasunari , Kuriyama Masaru , Koga Yasutoshi , Yoneda Makoto
Published: March 2012

Background/Aims: To clarify the change of systemic redox states in patients carrying the A3243G mutation in mitochondrial DNA (A3243G), we evaluated oxidative stress and antioxidant activity in the serum of patients. Methods: Oxidative stress and antioxidant activity in the serum samples obtained from 14 patients carrying A3243G and from 34 healthy controls were analyzed using the diacron-reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) and biological antioxidant potential (BAP) tests, respectively. Results: The mean d-ROMs level of all patients was significantly greater than that of the controls (p < 0.005), and the mean BAP/d-ROMs ratio of all patients was significantly lower than that of the controls (p < 0.02). In the patients with a history of stroke-like episodes (n = 10), both mean d-ROMs and BAP levels were increased compared with those of the controls (both p < 0.01). The mean BAP level of the patients without a history of stroke-like episodes (n = 4) was significantly decreased compared with that of the controls (p < 0.001), but the mean d-ROMs levels were not significantly different. Conclusion: d-ROMs and BAP tests indicated that patients carrying A3243G are always exposed to underlying oxidative stress, even at a remission state of stroke-like episodes.
Adenosine Signaling
Authors: Wen Jiaming , Xia Yang
Published: March 2012

The erectile status of penile tissue is governed largely by the tone of cavernosal smooth muscle cells, which is determined by the balance of vascular relaxants and constrictors. Vascular relaxants play a key role in regulating the tone of cavernosal smooth muscle and thus the initiation and maintenance of penile erection. Early studies drew attention to the potential role of adenosine signaling in this process. However, the serendipitous discovery of the effect of sildenafil on erectile physiology drew more attention toward nitric oxide (NO) as a vasodilator in the process of penile erection, and a recently discovered, unexpected erectile phenotype of adenosine deaminase–deficient mice reemphasizes the importance of adenosine as a key regulatory of erectile status. Adenosine, like NO, is a potent and short-lived vasorelaxant that functions via cyclic nucleotide second messenger signaling to promote smooth muscle relaxation. Recent studies reviewed here show that adenosine functions to relax the corpus cavernosum and promote penile erection. Excess adenosine in penile tissue contributes to the disorder called priapism, and impaired adenosine signaling is associated with erectile dysfunction. More recent research summarized in this review reveals that adenosine functions as a key endogenous vasodilator in the initiation and maintenance of normal penile erection. This new insight highlights adenosine signaling pathways operating in penile tissue as significant therapeutic targets for the treatment of erectile disorders.
Regulation of Neutrophil Function by Adenosine
Authors: Barletta Kathryn E. , Ley Klaus , Mehrad Borna
Published: March 2012

Adenosine is an endogenously released purine nucleoside that signals via 4 widely expressed G protein-coupled receptors: A
1
, A
2A
, A
2B
, and A
3
. In the setting of inflammation, the generation and release of adenosine is greatly enhanced. Neutrophils play an important role in host defense against invading pathogens and are the cellular hallmark of acute inflammation. Neutrophils both release adenosine and can respond to it via expression of all 4 adenosine receptor subtypes. At low concentrations, adenosine can act via the A
1
and A
3
adenosine receptor subtypes to promote neutrophil chemotaxis and phagocytosis. At higher concentrations, adenosine acts at the lower-affinity A
2A
and A
2B
receptors to inhibit neutrophil trafficking and effector functions such as oxidative burst, inflammatory mediator production, and granule release. Modulation of neutrophil function by adenosine is relevant in a broad array of disease models, including ischemia reperfusion injury, sepsis, and noninfectious acute lung injury. This review will summarize relevant research in order to provide a framework for understanding how adenosine directly regulates various elements of neutrophil function.
Revascularization of Ischemic Skeletal Muscle by Estrogen-Related Receptor-γ
Authors: Matsakas Antonios , Yadav Vikas , Lorca Sabina , Evans Ronald M. , Narkar Vihang A.
Published: March 2012

Rationale:

Oxidative myofibers in the skeletal muscles express high levels of angiogenic factors, have dense vasculature, and promptly revascularize during ischemia. Estrogen-related receptor-gamma (ERRγ) activates genes that govern metabolic and vascular features typical to oxidative myofibers. Therefore, ERRγ-dependent remodeling of the myofibers may promote neoangiogenesis and restoration of blood perfusion in skeletal muscle ischemia.

Objective:

To investigate the muscle fiber type remodeling by ERRγ and its role in the vascular recovery of ischemic muscle.

Methods and Results:

Using immunohistology, we show that skeletal muscle-specific transgenic overexpression of ERRγ increases the proportions of oxidative and densely vascularized type IIA and IIX myofibers and decreases glycolytic and less vascularized type IIB myofibers. This myofiber remodeling results in a higher basal blood flow in the transgenic skeletal muscle. By applying unilateral hind limb ischemia to transgenic and wild-type mice, we found accelerated revascularization (fluorescent microangiography), restoration of blood perfusion (laser Doppler flowmetry), and muscle repair (Evans blue dye exclusion) in transgenic compared to wild-type ischemic muscles. This ameliorative effect is linked to enhanced neoangiogenesis (CD31 staining and microfil perfusion) by ERRγ. Using cultured muscle cells in which ERRγ is inactivated, we show that the receptor is dispensable for the classical hypoxic response of transcriptional upregulation and secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor A. Rather, the ameliorative effect of ERRγ is linked to the receptor-mediated increase in oxidative myofibers that inherently express and secrete high levels of angiogenic factors.

Conclusions:

The ERRγ is a hypoxia-independent inducer of neoangiogenesis that can promote reparative revascularization.
Die Pravāranā in den kanonischen Vinaya-Texten der Mūlasarvāstivādin und der Sarvāstivādin
Authors: de Jong
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Eine buddhistische Apokalypse. Die Höllenkapitel (20–25) und die Schlusskapitel (26–27) der Hami-Handschrift der alttürkischen Maitrisimit
Authors: de Jong
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Hugh Richardson, High Peaks, Pure Earth. Collected Writings on Tibetan History and Culture
Authors: de Jong
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Dieter B. Kapp (ed.), Nānāvidhaikatā. Festschrift für Hermann Berger
Authors: Tikkanen
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Samiran Chandra Chakrabarti (ed.): Buddhism and World Culture
Authors: Mylius
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Peter Schwieger, Tibetische Handschriften und Blockdrucke
Authors: de Jong
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Karel R. van Kooij (ed.), ABIA South and Southeast Asian Art and Archaeology Index
Authors: de Jong
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Buddhist Deities and Mantras in the Hindu Tantras:II The Śrīvidyārnavatantra and the Tantrasāra
Authors: Bühnemann
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Jozef Deleu (foreword by J.W. de Jong), Viyāhapannatti (Bhagavaī): the fifth Anga of the Jaina canon: introduction, critical analysis, commentary & indexes
Authors: Wiles
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Vít Bubeník, A Historical Syntax of Late Middle Indo-Aryan (Apabhramśa)
Authors: Tieken
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
On the use of rasa in studies of Sanskrit drama
Authors: Tieken
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Lilian Silburn, André Padoux, Abhinavagupta. La Lumière Sur Les Tantras. Chapitres 1 à 5 du Tantrāloka
Authors: Bock-Raming
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
The Ghatikā of the Twice-Born in South Indian Inscriptions
Authors: Tieken  , Sato
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Of Śüdras, Sütas, and Ślokas: Why is the Mahāabhārata Preeminently in the Anustubh Metre?
Authors: Sharma
Published: March 2012

One striking difference between Vedic and post-Vedic Hindu literature lies in the fact that while the anustubh metre is sparsely represented in the Veda as a whole, it is the standard metre of post-Vedic religious literature of Hinduism available in Sanskrit. Thus the Mahābhārata, a major document of post-Vedic Hinduism, is preeminently in the anustubh metre. How is this striking metrical fact to be explained? This paper discusses the various explanations that may be offered to account for it. In part I it discusses the explanations that could be offered on the basis of modern critical scholarship. In parts II–IX it develops the suggestion that the answer may lie in the association of the Mahābhārata with the śūdras and of the śūdras with the anustubh metre.
The Indo-Iranian animal suffix *-Āćá
Authors: de Vaan
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Thomas Zehnder: Atharvaveda-Paippalāda, eine Sammlung altindischer Zaubersprüche vom Beginn des 1. Jahrtausends v.Chr. Buch 2. Text, Übersetzung, Kommentar. Schulz-Kirchner Verlag GmbH: Wissenschaftliche Schriften, Reihe 3, Beiträge zur Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft, Band 107
Authors: Mylius
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Lambert Schmithausen, Maitrī and Magic: Aspects of the Buddhist Attitude toward the Dangerous in Nature
Authors: Gombrich
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
La Résurrection Du Bactrien: À Propos Des Bactrian Documents
Authors: Tremblay X.
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Ganeri, Jonardon, Philosophy in Classical India. The Proper Work of Reason
Authors: Oetke C.
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Arnold, Raphael, William Jones: Ein Orientalist zwischen Kolonialismus und Aufklärung
Authors: Rocher R.
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Adams, Douglas Q., A dictionary of Tocharian B
Authors: Hackstein O.
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Grünwedel, Albert, Briefwechsel und Dokumente herausgegeben von Hartmut Walravens
Authors: Hinüber O.v.
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
The Yavanas' Clothes in Old Tamil Literature
Authors: Tieken H.
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Harper Katherine Anne and Robert L. Brown (eds.), The Roots of Tantra
Authors: Gupta S.
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Brockington, Mary; Peter Schreiner (Edd.): Composing a Tradition: Concepts, Techniques and Relationships
Authors: Hinüber O.V.
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Balcerowicz, Piotr & Marek Mejor [Edd.]: On the Understanding of Other Cultures
Authors: HINÜBER O.V.
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
The case of the nun Mettiyā reexamined: on the expulsion of a pregnant bhikuī in the Vinaya of the Mahāsāghikas and other Indian Buddhist monastic law codes
Authors: Clarke Shayne
Published: March 2012

The enigmatic story of the nun Mettiyā's expulsion from the sisterhood, seemingly for the false accusation of rape against the monk Dabba Mallaputta, has piqued the interest of modern scholars of Indian Buddhist monastic law ever since it was discussed by I.B. Horner in 1930. To date, however, no one has put forth a convincing explanation of the legal grounds for Mettiyā's expulsion. This holds true not only for modern scholars, but also it seems for the fifth century CE author(s) of the Samantapāsādikā, a commentary on the Pāli Vinaya.
VOICING AND VOICELESSNESS IN TOLKĀPPIY AM!
Authors: Govindankutty A.
Published: March 2012

O. R. Radhakrishnan in his note “Tolkāppiyam on Intervocalic Stops” published in the Indo-Iranian Journal (Vol. IX, No.3 [1966], pp. 209-210) points out that Tolkāppiyar has used the term icaittal in the sense of “voicing” and uyirttal in the sense of “breathing". To quote him fully, “Note that icai and uyir, the stems in the two terms mentioned above, also mean respectively ‘music’ and ‘life', for which voicing and breathing are indispensable. When Tolkāppiyam describes sounds that are voiced it employs the term icai; but when it describes sounds that are voiceless it employs the term uyirttal. According to Tolkāppiyam the vowels (Sūtra 84), the nasals (Sūtra 100), and the liquids (Sūtra 99) are voiced; the stops are breathed (Sūtra 17), except when they are preceded by nasals (Sūtra 25)” (p. 210).
Heterodoxe lehren und ihre widerlegung im Kālacakra-tantra
Authors: Grönbold Günter
Published: March 2012

At the end of the second chapter of the Buddhist Kālacakra-Tantra (dated c. 10th century) we find a group of verses in which several doctrines are characterized and criticized: Brahmanism, Vaisnavism, Śaivism, materialism, Islam and Jainism. Moreover the text refers to Buddhism itself as well as the so-called heterodox Buddhist schools. It is the only old Sanskrit text known until now in which the Islam is mentioned and recognized as a doctrine.
Tmesis and movement in Avestan
Authors: Hale Mark
Published: March 2012

A comparison of the facts described above for Younger Avestan with those uncovered in the discussion of Gathic Avestan reveals that tmesis in Avestan was the result of either (1) a fronting of the preverb or (2) the application of rules governing the placement of the clitics (especiallycā andvā). The fronting rule allowed movement of the preverb to a limited set of positions, normally initial position in the sentence, second position if initial position was taken up by an element in COMP, and, in metrical texts, to a major metrical boundary. Thus the relationship between a preverb and its verb was easily recoverable by the native speaker.This close relationship between tmesis and fronting is likely to be very old. The majority of hte Vedic and Greek examples can be analyzed as ‘preverb-fronting’,15 compare also Watkins (1963) for Celtic. It seems likely that the fronting of preverbs at least originally implied some emphasis on the semantics of the preverb, such emphasis being the normal function of fronting in the Proto-Indo-European clause. Tmesis without demonstrable preverb fronting is not found in the Avestan corpus, nor in Vedic prose, but it is not sufficiently rare in the Rigveda (given our current understanding of Rigvedic clause structure) to allow us to say that tmesis and preverb fronting were one and the same process for that language. The Avestan evidence surveyed here will thus prove crucial to the development of a comprehensive account of the diachronic development of tmesis in Indo-Iranian, and, therefore, in the Indo-European language family as a whole.
Review
Authors: O'brien
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Review
Authors: Bodewitz
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Sumitra Mangesh Katre (11 April 1906 – 21 October 1998)
Authors: Patyal
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Tibetan Studies. Edited by Helmut Krasser, Michael Torsten Much, Ernst Steinkellner, Helmut Tauscher
Authors: de Jong
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Hermann Berger, Die Burushaski-Sprache von Hunza und Nager
Authors: Tiffou É.
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Pits, Pitfalls and the Underworld in the Veda
Authors: Bodewitz
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Angelika Malinar, Rājavidyā. Das königliche Wissen um Herrschaft und Verzicht. Studien zur Bhagavadgītā
Authors: Rocher
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Sanskrit-Wörterbuch der buddhistischen Texte aus den Turfan-Funden und der kanonischen Literatur der Sarvāstivāda-Schule
Authors: de Jong
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Buddhist Deities and Mantras in the Hindu Tantras: I The Tantrasārasamgraha and the Īśānaśivagurudevapaddhati
Authors: Bühnemann
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
J.K. Choksy, Conflict and Cooperation: Zoroastrian Subalterns and Muslim Elites in Medieval Iranian Society
Authors: Kreyenbroek
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Baümer, Bettina, ed., Kalātattvakośa A Lexicon of Fundamental Concepts of the Indian Arts
Authors: Mayrhofer
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Gerhard Oberhammer, Materialien zur Geschichte der Rāmānuja-Schule. III Yādavaprakāśa, der vergessene Lehrer Rāmānujas
Authors: de Jong
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Yuktidīpikā. The Most Significant Commentary on the Sāmkhyakārikā. Critically edited by Albrecht Wezler and Shujun Motegi. Vol. I
Authors: de Jong
Published: March 2012

No Abstract
Parasites and Epibionts of Grapsid Crabs in Bahía Blanca Estuary, Argentina
Authors: Alda P. , La Sala L. , Marcotegui P. , Martorelli S. R.
Published: March 2012

Epibionts and parasites were recovered from the grapsid crabs Cyrtograpsus angulatus and Neohelice granulata in the Bahía Blanca estuary, Argentina. Among epibionts, we identified a filamentous bacterium, the protozoan Epistylis sp., and the copepod Neocancrincola platensis on the gills; and the barnacles Balanus amphitrite and Balanus glandula as well as the bryozoan Conopeum reticulum on the caparace. Among endoparasites, we identified the acanthocephalan Profilicollis chasmagnathi in the hindgut, nematodes of the subfamily Acuariinae and Ascarophis sp. in the haemocoel, and an encysted cyclophyllidean cestode in the gut wall. Among microphallid digeneans, we found four metacercariae: Maritrema bonaerensis in the gills, muscle, haemocoel, and gonads, Maritrema orensensis in the gills, Levinseniella cruzi in the gonads, and Odhneria sp. in the muscle. Except for P. chasmagnathi, N. platensis, and M. bonaerensis, all other epibionts and digeneans represent new host records. This paper also presents novel information regarding the possible sites of infection for M. bonaerensis. Our results add relevant data about possible life cycles of helminths in the study area.
Morphology of the Complete Larval Development of the Pinnotherid Crab Sakaina Yokoyai (Glassell, 1933) (Decapoda, Brachyura)
Authors: Kornienko E. S. , Korn O. M.
Published: March 2012

The larval development of the pinnotherid crab Sakaina yokoyai (Glassell, 1933) (Decapoda, Brachyura) inhabiting the Russian waters of the Sea of Japan is described and illustrated for the first time, both from larvae reared in the laboratory and found in the plankton. Like in the closely related S. japonica, the development of S. yokoyai includes three zoeae and one megalopa. A comparative analysis revealed that the larvae of the two Sakaina species are very similar. The zoeal stages of the two congeneric species differ slightly in the setal formulae of antennule, maxillule, and maxilla; the megalopal stages are distinguished by the setal formulae of antennule, maxillule, maxilla, and maxillipeds I-III. The main difference between the zoeal stages of S. yokoyai and S. japonica is the presence of minute lateral spines on the telson in S. yokoyai, which are absent in S. japonica.
Distribution and Biology of Amphipods on Two Geomorphologically Different Sandy Beaches in Tunisia
Authors: Ayari Amel , Nasri-Ammar Karima
Published: March 2012

The spatio-temporal distribution and the biology of supra-littoral amphipods were studied in spring and autumn on two Tunisian beaches: Bizerte (northern Tunisia) and the central Gulf of Gabès (southern Tunisia); the latter is characterized by the most substantial tidal amplitude in the entire Mediterranean basin.

Quadrats of 0.25 m2 were used along a transect in order to determine both quantitative and qualitative ecological parameters. The results showed that, whatever the sampling season and apart from some beetles found in spring, the only species found on Gabès beach was the supra-littoral amphipod Talitrus saltator, while on Bizerte beach three species were identified: Talitrus saltator, Deshayesorchestia deshayesii, and Orchestia gammarellus. Furthermore, the density obtained in spring was significantly high, both in Bizerte (267 individuals/m2) and Gabès (99 individuals/m2). The distribution zone of Talitrus saltator on the second sampling site was wider in spring (12.5 m) than in autumn (2.5 m), whereas the difference in the distribution of the three species of amphipods on Bizerte beach was more limited in spring (5 m) than in autumn (7 m).
Relative Growth of the Land Hermit Crab, Coenobita Clypeatus (Anomura, Coenobitidae) from a Coral Reef Island, Southern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Sanvicente-Añorve Laura , Hermoso-Salazar Margarita
Published: March 2012

Information on growth in hermit crabs is very scarce, possibly due to the inherent difficulties of extracting them from their shells. In this work we document the relative growth, sexual size dimorphism, and level of chelae asymmetry of the land hermit crab Coenobita clypeatus (Fabricius, 1787) collected on a coral reef island in the National Park Arrecife Alacranes, southern Gulf of Mexico, during December 2009 and September 2010. Specimens examined were anaesthetized in a clove oil-water solution to avoid unnecessary crab mortality. A total of 387 individuals was measured on six external variables: cephalothorax length and width, and both chelae in length and width. Taking the cephalothorax length as the reference dimension, the remaining measurements were fitted to a power function to examine the degree of allometry in growth and make comparisons between sexes. For each sex, an asymmetry index (AI) was calculated to determine the degree of heterochely, and the significance of its value was evaluated by means of null models. Numerically, males dominated the crab population in the largest size classes (>12.6 mm CL) in both seasons. As in most anomurans, C. clypeatus males attained larger body sizes than females, but their relative growth was most similar. For both sexes, the growth of chela width was positively allometric (t-test, p < 0.05). Also, AI values showed a heterocheleous condition, with the left chela significantly higher (p < 0.001) than the right. Regarding our own results and previous reports, we propose that heterochely could be triggered during the glaucothoal and juvenile stages. Numerical dominance of males in the larger size classes is probably due to the segregation of ovigerous females from the main crab group, searching suitable areas for egg deposition, but also to a better condition of males to carry heavier shells than females, which in their turn have to invest a considerable amount of energy in reproduction.
The Effect of Tidal Cycles on the Community Structure of Plankton (with Emphasis on Copepods) at Afmed Marina in Winter (A Preliminary Study)
Authors: Ali Mohammad , Al-Yamani Faiza , Polikarpov Igor
Published: March 2012

Tidal cycles had no significant effect on the abundance or community structure of plankton at AFMED (Aquaculture, Fisheries and Marine Environment Department) Marina, nor had any physicochemical factor, except salinity, on the density of copepods (p < 0.05), although variation in the physichochemical data measured was small. The major components of the plankton community throughout the study were copepods, Noctiluca spp. (mostly N. scintillans (Macartney) Kofoid & Swezy), and cirripede nauplii. Their abundance differed between high and low tides throughout the study. Variation between high and low tides was also observed among the various groups and species of copepods. MDPs (Mean Density Percentages) of calanoids, copepod nauplii, and poecilostomatoids were higher at high tide (45%, 20.09%, and 2.81%, respectively), while cyclopoid and harpacticoid MDPs were higher at low tide (30.63% and 9.95%, respectively).

The most dominant copepods were Parvocalanus crassirostris (F. Dahl, 1894), Paracalanus spp., Oithona simplex Farran, 1913, Euterpina acutifrons (Dana, 1847), Oncaea spp., and Corycaeus spp. The copepods with the highest MDPs at high tide were Parvocalanus crassirostris (14.19%), Paracalanus spp. (10.79%), Oncaea spp. (1.75%) and Corycaeus spp. (1.06%), respectively, while Oithona simplex and Euterpina acutifrons had a higher MDP at low tide (14.97% and 9.12%, respectively). The highest MDP at low tide was that of Oithona simplex. Neither tide nor any other factor measured had a significant effect on any of the copepods. Other, related factors (mainly biological and anthropogenic) may thus have accounted for the differences in abundance and biodiversity observed.
The Unexpected Discovery of a Brackish Water Amphipod, Gammarus Zaddachi Sexton, 1912, Found Isolated at 150 M Depth in an Inland Freshwater Lake in Norway
Authors: Økland Finn , Økland Jan , Økland Karen A. , Nordseth Fred E. , Nordby Christian E.
Published: March 2012

From the deepest layers of the large Lake Eikeren in southern Norway, 48 specimens of an amphipod were collected. Species identification by morphological keys gave as a result Gammarus zaddachi Sexton, 1912. In Europe, this species is only known from shallow brackish water, or from habitats near the sea where brackish sites are reachable. The surface of Lake Eikeren today is 19 m above sea level. Separation from the sea occurred some 5000 years ago. In this 150 m deep lake a long period has then elapsed during which a change from saline to brackish and later to fresh water took place. Today only fresh water prevails in all water layers. The maximum length of G. zaddachi in Lake Eikeren is larger than it is in other European populations. More studies are required to understand how this shallow-living brackish water species has adapted to a life in the deep areas of a freshwater lake.
A New Species of the Genus Ingolfiella Hansen, 1903 (Peracarida, Amphipoda) From The Ogasawara Islands, Southern Japan
Authors: Shimomura Michitaka , Kakui Keiichi
Published: March 2012

A new ingolfiellid amphipod, Ingolfiella ogasawarensis n. sp. is described from shallow water off the Ogasawara Islands, southern Japan. The new species differs from its congeners primarily by having a moderately thick body; pereionites 2-7, pleonites 1-3, and urosomites 1-3 each bearing a pair of dorsal setae; a broad dorsal crest on the basis of gnathopod 1; 6 minute teeth, 1 long stout palmar angle spine, 1 short stout seta, and 8 slender simple setae on the ventral margin of the carpus of gnathopod 2; propodi of pereiopods 3 and 4 longer than the carpi; uropod 1 shorter than uropod 2; and the first spine on the inner ramus of uropod 1 larger than the following three spines.
Sediment Particle Selection During Feeding by Four Species of UCA (Brachyura, Ocypodidae)
Authors: Colpo K. D. , Negreiros-Fransozo M. L.
Published: March 2012

Differences in sorting of sediment grain-size during the feeding activity of fiddler crabs were investigated experimentally in four Uca species that have different numbers of spoon-tipped setae on the second maxillipeds. Uca leptodactylus had the highest number of spoon-tipped setae, followed by Uca rapax and Uca thayeri; whereas Uca vocator had no setae of this type. The crabs were allowed to feed for 48 h, in containers filled with three types of sediments with different particle-size composition. The feeding pellets formed in each type of sediment were collected, and the proportion of each granulometric fraction was compared with the substrate in the container. The diameters of the sediment particles found in the crab stomachs were measured and compared among the species and the types of sediments. The granulometry of the feeding pellets in each substrate was similar among the species. The size of particles ingested by fiddler crabs reflected the granulometric composition of the experimental substrate. Only U. leptodactylus ingested the smallest grains in coarser sediments. Therefore, the variation in the number of spoon-tipped setae on the second maxilliped seems not to affect the ability of fiddler crabs to manipulate and sort different particle sizes during feeding.
Perch-Mediated Shifts in Reproductive Variables of Gammarus Lacustris (Amphipoda, Gammaridae) in Lakes of Northern Russia
Authors: Berezina Nadezhda A.
Published: March 2012

This paper focuses on the life-history, size- and sexual structure, and reproductive variables of the freshwater amphipod Gammarus lacustris from two small lakes in northern Russia, which differ in the presence/absence of the perch, Perca fluviatilis. The size of ovigerous females, the number of eggs at stages 2 (E2) and 7 (E7), egg mortality, fecundity index, and reproductive capacity were studied. The results obtained show that no significant differences exist in the size-dependent number of eggs (from 8 to 44 eggs per female in the size range of 7-18 mm) between the two G. lacustris populations studied. Those variables were approximated by a power function, as: lake with perch: E2 = 0.092 L2.17 (R2 = 0.59, n = 63); and perch-less lake: E2 = 0.106 L2.16 (R2 = 0.79, n = 41). For females in the body length (weight) range of 10-14 mm (20-40 mg), E2 averaged 69% of E7. There was no significant difference in the total abundance of the amphipod between lake with perch and perch-less lake. At the same time, a distinct effect of the presence of perch on the reproductive potential of G. lacustris was detected, primarily as a result of a decline in size of the egg-bearing females, and in clutch sizes, averaging 10.7 mm in the case of perch presence, versus 12.2 mm in the absence of that predator, and in 16 instead of 25 eggs per female, respectively. This difference in the reproductive capacity of G. lacustris between the studied lakes may be caused by selective perch predation, mainly on larger specimens of the gammarid (>8 mm body length). On the other hand, the females started to reproduce at smaller body sizes (7 mm) under predator exploitation than in the absence of the perch (9 mm). This ‘early reproduction’ can be considered an adaptation, raising the reproductive success of the amphipod, and some mechanism regulating the population size of G. lacustris under fish predation pressure.
Feeding Behaviour and Ecosystem Role of the Red Mangrove Crab Goniopsis Cruentata (Latreille, 1803) (Decapoda, Grapsoidea) in a Subtropical Estuary on the Brazilian Coast
Authors: De Lima-Gomes Renata C. , Cobo Valter J. , Fransozo Adilson
Published: March 2012

This study provides information concerning the feeding behaviour of Goniopsis cruentata (Latreille, 1803), through analysis of stomach contents according to demographic categories. Collections were carried out monthly from May 2005 through April 2006 in a subtropical estuary on the southeastern Brazilian coast (23°29′24″S 45°10′12″W). The crabs were collected by hand, with a 2-hour sampling effort by three people. In the laboratory, the crabs were sexed and measured for greatest carapace width, and grouped into demographic categories: adult males, juvenile males, adult females, juvenile females, and ovigerous females. For the fullness analysis, the stomachs were grouped into two categories: (1) E = Empty, with no food; and (2) F = Full, whether partially filled or totally. The frequency-of-occurrence method was used to characterize feeding behaviour, and the demographic categories recognired were compared. We obtained stomachs from 171 adult males, 69 juvenile males, 136 adult females, 72 juvenile females, and 41 ovigerous females, of which 85.6% were full. Of the eight food items recorded, sediment was the most frequent, and “unidentified material” was the least. Goniopsis cruentata can be characterized as a generalist feeder, exploiting most of the food items available in the mangrove swamps. In spite of this generalist behaviour, the dominant presence of sediment suggests that G. cruentata is primarily a detritivore that exploits particulate organic matter from microbial biodegradation, one of the most important mangrove functions. The trophic role of this crab in the ecosystem showed no significant differences among the demographic categories, and seems to be wider than those observed for sesarmid and ocypodid mangrove crabs. These ecosystem engineers may occupy different positions in the trophic chains of estuarine environments.
A Null Model to Study Community Structure of Microcrustacean Assemblages in Northern Chilean Shallow Lakes
Authors: de Los Ríos-Escalante Patricio
Published: March 2012

The inland water bodies of northern Chile (18-27°S) are characterized by high salinity levels and impoverished species richness. This study presents field observations of species associations sampled from shallow water bodies in the Antofagasta region of northern Chile (23°S). A species presence-absence matrix was created for calculating the Jaccard Index of community similarity and for testing null models of species associations, with the aim of determining whether species associations are random or not. The results of the Jaccard Index calculations indicated the existence of defined groups, including three sites with Artemia franciscana, two sites with Boeckella poopoensis, and a sixth site only containing the ostracod Sarscypridopsis aculeata. The results of the null model analysis denoted the presence of regulating factors only in fixed-fixed simulation, that is the most robust in comparison to the other two simulations that denoted absence of regulator factors in species associations. The Jaccard indices and significant null model analysis agree with previous ecological descriptions of salinity as a determinant of species associations, whereas the non-significant results of the other two simulations could be due to the low number of species reported. The ecology and biogeography of these communities are also discussed.
Leviathan Bound; or the Re-education of Thomas Hobbes
Authors: Taylor Quentin
Published: March 2012

Thomas Hobbes is often credited as the “founder of modern liberalism” for grounding his political theory in individualism, natural right, and the social contract. The irony, of course, is that upon this foundation he built an imposing edifice of absolutism. What has escaped most observers, however, is the extent to which Hobbes' absolutism is mitigated by his own principles, qualifications, and doctrines. Hence, “saving Hobbes from himself,” is not simply a matter of correcting his errors, but requires drawing out the implications of his first principles and identifying the additional supports he provides for an essentially liberal order. In this way it is possible to “bind” Leviathan through a process of internal domestication, as opposed to looking backward to Aristotle or forward to Locke. The result is a “reformed” Hobbes who can be readily acknowledged as “the true ancestor of constitutional liberal democracy.”
Hobbes's Fifth Law of Nature and its Implications
Authors: Rhodes Rosamond
Published: March 2012

Hobbes presents the fifth Law of Nature, Mutual Accommodation, in Leviathan, Chapter XV. Although a great deal of scholarly attention has been devoted to the first four Laws of Nature, hardly any mention of the fifth appears in the literature. This paper explains the fifth Law as a central piece of Hobbes's theory and thereby reveals his progressive inclinations. Drawing upon relevant passages in Leviathan I show how Hobbes's view of property allocation and reallocation derives from this Law and how attention to mutual accommodation directs sovereigns to constrain their grasping inclinations and curb their disposition to overextend legislative authority.
Book Symposium: Hobbes and Political Theory Introduction: Hobbes, Language and Liberty
Authors: Bourke Richard
Published: March 2012

Hobbes's place in the history of political philosophy is a highly controversial one. An international symposium held at Queen Mary, University of London in February 2009 was devoted to debating his significance and legacy. The event focussed on recent books on Hobbes by Quentin Skinner and Philip Pettit, and was organised around four commentaries on these new works by distinguished scholars. This paper is designed to introduce the subject of the symposium together with the commentaries and subsequent responses from Petit and Skinner. It examines the themes of language and liberty in the philosophy of Hobbes and concludes by highlighting some of the ways in which further research into Hobbes's debt to Aristotle's Politics will prove fruitful and illuminating.
Reflections on Skinner and Pettit
Authors: Shapiro Ian
Published: March 2012

This article discusses the concepts of freedom and liberty that Skinner and Pettit identify in Hobbes, and takes issue with them.
“In Roman Costume and with Roman Phrases”: Skinner, Pettit and Hobbes on Republican Liberty
Authors: Brooke Christopher
Published: March 2012

The paper presents a critical discussion of Pettit and Skinner's recent treatments of Hobbes on republican freedom, in particular situating Hobbes's attack on the republican politicians from The Elements of Law in the contexts, first, of other contemporary suspicion directed against those politicians who struck a distinctively “Roman” pose, and, second, of Hobbes's wider psychology of politics, before concluding with some reflections on the relationship between Hobbes's political theory and the project of egalitarian republicanism.