bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CONSIDERATIONS ON THE ANALYSIS OF THE OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HORIZONTAL SYNCHRONOUS MOTORS EQUIPPING THE HYDRO AGGREGATES IN HIGH-POWER ENERGY PUMPING STATIONS
Authors:   Dept. of Electrical, Energetic and Aerospace Engineering, University of Craiova, Romania, DIGA Silvia-Maria , DIGA Nicolae ,   Cummins Generator Technologies Romania, MIRCEA Paul-Mihai ,   Dept. of Electrical, Energetic and Aerospace Engineering, University of Craiova, PĂTRU Ion ,   National Institute for Research, Development and Testing in Electrical Engineering – ICMET Craiova
Published: October 2024

In this paper, the authors present modelling and analysis of the operating characteristics of the synchronous motor with electromagnetic excitation, for driving the centrifugal pump that equips hydro aggregates in high-power energy pumping stations, motor powered from fixed or adjustable voltage sources. Two operating scenarios were considered, namely: the stationary operation of the synchronous motor fed from an ideal, controllable voltage source and the case of its supply from the industrial network. For solving, algorithms and calculation programs developed in the Mathcad programming environment were designed. For example, a representative case study of one of the three identical hydro aggregates from one of a high-power energy pumping station of an existing hydropower facility in Romania was chosen. The hydro aggregate is driven by a horizontal synchronous motor with electromagnetic excitation powered at medium voltage (6 kV).
METHODS OF RECOVERING WASTE HEAT FROM NATURAL GAS SCREW COMPRESSORS SYSTEMS
Authors:   Phd. Student, National Research and Development Institute for Gas Turbines COMOTI Romania, CONȚIU Rareș , ŞERBAN Ștefan Alexandru ,   Phd. Student, National Research and Development Institute for Gas Turbines COMOTI Romania, VASILE Eduard ,   Phd. Student, National Research and Development Institute for Gas Turbines COMOTI Romania, VOICU Sebastian ,   National Research and Development Institute for Gas Turbines COMOTI Romania, MIHAI Georgeta ,   GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF EASTERN SUBPARPATHIANS IN MUNTENIA AS REFLECTED BY THE GRAVITY ANOMALY
Published: October 2024

Industrial waste heat recovery (WHR) captures excess thermal energy from industrial processes, offering significant economic, environmental, and operational benefits. Economically, WHR reduces fuel consumption and energy costs, improving equipment efficiency and competitiveness. Environmentally, it lowers greenhouse gas emissions and cuts fossil fuel reliance, aiding sustainability and compliance. Specifically, in natural gas compression, significant waste heat is generated. Recovering this heat from screw compressors, whether driven by electric motors or internal combustion engines, enhances energy efficiency. This paper discusses methods and technologies for effective waste heat recovery, focusing on thermodynamic principles
GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF EASTERN SUBPARPATHIANS IN MUNTENIA AS REFLECTED BY THE GRAVITY ANOMALY
Authors:   Lecturer Ph.D. Eng., Dept. of Petroleum Geology and Reservoir Engineering, Petroleum and Gas University of Ploiesti, Romania, VLĂȘCEANU Costin Viorel , BATISTATU Mihail Valentin ,   Associate Professor Ph.D. Eng., Dept. of Petroleum Geology and Reservoir Engineering, Petroleum and Gas University of Ploiesti, Romania, MITREA Ioana Cornelia ,   Ph.D.Student Eng., Dept. of Petroleum Geology and Reservoir Engineering, Petroleum and Gas University of Ploiesti, Romania
Published: October 2024

Based on a geographical material involving: the Bouguer anomaly map calculated for average densities, three simulations of the regional and local successive anomaly separated by square networks with sides of 1, 2 and 4 km, the structure of the gravity anomaly was analyzed namely: the distribution of the belts of the major gradient, the regional anomaly (morphology of the regional anomaly, separation degree of the regional anomaly, presence of a local anomaly with deep geological sources, gravimetric effects of maximum), the local anomaly (modification of the morphology and the intensity of the terms of the local anomaly, modification of the orientation systems of the great axes of the local terms, variation of the contours of the maximum and minimum zones with the investigation depth), the correction profiles transverse to the major geological structures of the area. The gravimetric elements analyzed allowed the simulations (the structural geological-gravimetric maps regarding the architecture of both of the crystalline basement and of the overlying sedimentary deposits). The tectonic data contained in this map give information about: the structure of the crystalline, the structure of sedimentary deposits, the causal relations between the structure of sedimentary deposits and the structure of the substratum.
AN OVERVIEW OF THE NEW ROMANIAN WIDE AREA MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Authors:   MSc. Eng., Technical Support Division, Operational Technology Department, Company for IT and Telecommunication Services for Transmission Electric Grids “TELETRANS” S.A., Romania,, ZAMFIR Bogdan-Mihai , RĂZUȘI Petre-Cristian ,   Ph.D. Eng., Senior Manager, Technical Support Division, Operational Technology Department, Company for IT and Telecommunication Services for Transmission Electric Grids “TELETRANS” S.A
Published: October 2024

In this paper, the authors will present the hardware and IT&C structure of the synchrophasor technology and the phasor data concentrator (PDC) of the Transport and System Operator (TSO) Transelectrica’s new Wide Area Measurement System (WAMS). Also, they will write a brief overview of these applications and the development possibilities within the platform from an engineering point of view. Moreover, it will be introduced the possibility of a new enhanced hybrid state estimator, and the link between European Awareness System (EAS) and WAMS.
Exploration of the Path of Labor Dispute Resolution
Authors: Chang Hongfei , Wang Weilin , Zhu Jiaqi , Li Haomeng
Published: October 2024

According to the traditional view, the main ways to handle labor disputes include: workers and employers resolve disputes through consultation, apply for mediation to the Labor Dispute Mediation Committee, submit to the Labor Dispute Arbitration Committee to apply for arbitration in accordance with the law, and file labor lawsuits with the court. Each of these ways has its own advantages and disadvantages, but they are also closely related and interconnected. In practice, the parties may not know which route is more conducive to resolving a dispute, nor are they clear about the specific functions of the various institutional themes and the differences in the advantages and disadvantages of resolving specific issues. And in the legislative system, the functions of the various institutional subjects also have cross and blank areas. This article will focus on the labor security supervision system and the labor dispute arbitration system, as well as the relationship and interface between the labor dispute arbitration system and the labor litigation system to do a brief analysis and put forward proposals.
Comparative View of Marriage Law in the period of Republic of China
Authors: Liu Zhuo
Published: October 2024

The study of comparative marriage law in the Republic of China took the impact of western institutional thoughts as the thrust and the mission of modern national salvation as the gravity. It extensively referenced the marriage and family system of different countries, different traditions and different regions while constantly reflecting on the reform road of domestic marriage and family system. Thus, three views are formed, namely, the theory of overall Westernization, the theory of Respect oneself and be contemptible and treating the condition of the country. Among them, the theory of Respect oneself and be contemptible is deeply criticized by the theory of overall Westernization and the theory of considering national conditions. On the other hand, the theory of overall Westernization and the theory of considering national conditions have their own arguments, and they are interwoven in the comparison of Chinese and Western marriage and family system views and the comparison of specific marriage and family norms. No matter how different their positions are, they are both deeply influenced by Western liberalism and individualism. Therefore, the perspective of comparative marriage law in the Republic of China shows distinct characteristics of The Times, criticism and westernization.
The Basic Scope of China’s Supervisory Evidence Standards and Its Introduction
Authors: Jiang­ Yuchen
Published: October 2024

Since the promulgation of the Supervision Law of the People’s Republic of China and the Regulations for the Implementation of the Supervision Law of the People’s Republic of China, the rules of evidence for the supervision and investigation of the supervision organs in China have been gradually established. As the core content of the rules of evidence, the research on supervisory evidence standards is on the rise. Supervisory evidence standards only apply before the trial, is to regulate the supervision organs to collect, fix, review, use of evidence to achieve “evidence is true, sufficient”, enough to bring a public prosecution, and does not involve about the issue of the power of proof, the standard of proof; Supervisory evidence standards have a double legitimacy and independence of the binary attributes, and the two are not in conflict.Secondly, the supervisory evidence standards contain three major realistic functions, which are the function of integrity maintenance, the function of legal benefit protection and the function of education and salvation; finally, the specific composition of the supervisory evidence standards include the standard of evidence collection, the standard of evidence fixation, the standard of evidence examination and the standard of evidence application.
Exploration on the Legal Application of Punitive Damage System for Tort of Ecological Environment Damage–Taking Article 1232 of the Civil Code as an Entry Point
Authors: Guo Linge
Published: October 2024

The rule of law for the ecological environment is in rapid development, and article 1232 of the Civil Code establishes the system of punitive damages applicable to the ecological environment, which is a significant development of China’s environmental tort liability system. However, the basis for the construction of the system of punitive damages and the ambiguity of the legal provisions themselves bring uncertainty in the application of the law. From the legislative purpose, the background of the legal system for a deep understanding of the function and characteristics of the punitive damages system, and then clarify the basis of the right to claim the qualification of the subject of the application. Through the existing legal provisions and empirical statistical data, the contradictions of the ecological environment infringement compensation system are solved, and the gap in the calculation standard of punitive damages is made up. Finally, from the liability system as a whole, to promote the ecological environment damage tort liability into the overall liability system to consider, in order to realize the punitive damages system responsibility for comprehensive, rationalization of the system to provide the basis.
China’s notarial system and new developments under the Foreign-related Rule of law
Authors: Luo Yongxin
Published: October 2024

This article provides a comprehensive overview of the evolution and current status of the notary system in mainland China, Hong Kong, and Macao. It also delves into the Appointed Attesting Officers system and the ongoing developments in the notary service industry. Mainland China’s notary public system has transitioned from an administrative system rooted in the planned economy’s growth to the professional legal services industry. The article presents a comparative analysis of the notary public systems in Hong Kong and Macao, along with a brief examination of the Appointed Attesting Officers system, designed to address the challenges posed by the different legal systems in these three areas. The article collects the new development documents and accomplishments achieved by China’s notary public industry. Also underscores the notary’s role in dispute prevention and its crucial role in Alternative Dispute Resolution. It offers a fresh perspective on the potential evolution of the notary public industry in the context of Foreign-related Rule-of-law. By enhancing the capacity of notarial services, strengthening the safeguards of the legal system, and actively participating in the Alternative Dispute Resolution mechanism, the notary service industry will continue to fulfill its unique legal functions in the context of the new era, thereby contributing to social harmony and stability.
A Study on the Protection of Litigation Rights in Electronic Service of Process
Authors: Zhang Xia
Published: October 2024

Electronic service of process is a crucial foundation of digital rule of law. However, its development is significantly hindered by recipients’ limited understanding, weak litigation capabilities, and malicious abuse of procedural rights. This paper analyzes issues such as the weakened protection of recipients’ right to be informed, the difficulty of enforcing their right to defense, and the lack of effective channels for exercising their right to remedy. To address these challenges, the paper proposes enhancing the operability of electronic service, strengthening the notification and explanation of rights to recipients, and allowing unilateral application of electronic service to incentivize its selection. It also suggests tailoring electronic service according to litigation procedures, case types, and parties involved, to ensure recipients’ reasonable exercise of procedural rights. Additionally, the paper advocates for granting recipients the right to challenge electronic service and establishing clear accountability and sanctions mechanisms to improve access to remedies. From the perspective of litigation rights protection, this study explores the balance between procedural justice and litigation efficiency, aiming to achieve digital justice in electronic service procedures.
Advancing diabetes management: Exploring pancreatic beta-cell restoration’s potential and challenges
Authors: Abdalla Mona Mohamed Ibrahim
Published: October 2024

Diabetes mellitus, characterized by chronic hyperglycemia due to insulin deficiency or resistance, poses a significant global health burden. Central to its pathogenesis is the dysfunction or loss of pancreatic beta cells, which are res-ponsible for insulin production. Recent advances in beta-cell regeneration research offer promising strategies for diabetes treatment, aiming to restore endogenous insulin production and achieve glycemic control. This review explores the physiological basis of beta-cell function, recent scientific advan-cements, and the challenges in translating these findings into clinical applications. It highlights key developments in stem cell therapy, gene editing technologies, and the identification of novel regenerative molecules. Despite the potential, the field faces hurdles such as ensuring the safety and long-term efficacy of regen-erative therapies, ethical concerns around stem cell use, and the complexity of beta-cell differentiation and integration. The review highlights the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration, increased funding, the need for patient-centered approaches and the integration of new treatments into comprehensive care strategies to overcome these challenges. Through continued research and collaboration, beta-cell regeneration holds the potential to revolutionize diabetes care, turning a chronic condition into a manageable or even curable disease.
Inhibition of M2 tumor-associated macrophages polarization by modulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway as a possible liver cancer therapy method
Authors: Tsukanov Vladislav V , Tonkikh Julia L , Kasparov Edward V , Vasyutin Alexander V
Published: October 2024

The problem of liver cancer is becoming increasingly important due to the epidemic of metabolic diseases and persistent high alcohol consumption. This determines great attention to the development and improvement of methods for early diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer. Huang et al presented a study in the World Journal of Gastroenterology , in which they showed that the use of the traditional Chinese medicine Calculus bovis (CB) can suppress tumor growth in mice by inhibiting M2 tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) through modulating the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. The interaction of CB components with the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, M2 TAM polarization, and tumor dynamics were studied using network pharmacology, transcriptomics, and molecular docking. It is now generally accepted that the polarization of TAM and the differentiation of the functions of M1 and M2 phagocytes are of great importance for the progression of neoplasms. It is assumed that M2 TAM promote proliferation and migration of tumor cells. Attempts to medicinally influence the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in order to modulate phagocyte polarization now belong to one of the most promising areas of immunotherapy of oncological diseases. Undoubtedly, the work of the Chinese authors deserves attention and further development.
Síndrome de Stevens-Johnson secundária ao uso de anti-inflamatório não esteroidal em paciente pediátrico: Relato de caso
Authors: Ono Karen Yumi , Rossini Marielle Marchi , Silva Santos Barbara Helena da , Moura Priscilla Guerra
Published: October 2024

Introdução: A Síndrome de Stevens-Johnson (SSJ) é uma reação cutânea grave associada principalmente a medicamentos e infecções, caracterizada por necrose e descolamento da epiderme e mucosas. A SSJ afeta menos de 10% da área de superfície corporal (ASC), enquanto a necrólise epidérmica tóxica (NET) afeta mais de 30%, com casos intermediários classificados como SSJ/NET. Os medicamentos são os desencadeantes mais comuns, embora infecções como pneumonia por Mycoplasma também possam causar a doença. A etiopatogenia envolve reações de hipersensibilidade tipo IV mediadas por células T, com a  granulisina sendo um mediador importante da apoptose dos queratinócitos. Clinicamente, a SSJ apresenta sintomas prodrômicos seguidos por lesões cutâneas e mucosas. As taxas de incidência variam por região, com maior prevalência em mulheres, e a mortalidade aumenta com a gravidade da doença.
Objetivo: Relatar um caso de SSJ secundária ao uso de anti-inflamatórios não esteroidais (AINES) em um paciente pediátrico.
Método: Trata-se do relato de caso único de um paciente de 5 anos de idade atendido no Serviço de Pediatria do Hospital Universitário São Francisco na Providência de Deus HUSF, localizado na cidade de Bragança Paulista – SP.
Relato do Caso: Este trabalho descreveu uma menina de 5 anos de idade que desenvolveu SSJ um dia após a utilização de nimesulida, que apresentava lesões bolhosas com halo eritematoso especialmente em palmas e plantas dos pés, além de lesões esparsas em tórax, membros superiores e face, além de acometimento de lábios, mucosa oral, e conjuntivite bilateral. A paciente foi tratada com metilprednisolona (3 mg/kg/dia) e imunoglobulina na dose de 2g/kg dose única, além de oxacilina e tobramicina colírio devido infecção secundária, evoluindo com remissão total do quadro sem sequelas.
Conclusão: A utilização de corticosteroide e imunoglobulina, além do tratamento com antibiótico devido complicação secundaria reverteu completamente o quadro de SSJ apresentado pela paciente descrita, sendo um esquema terapêutico adequado para futuros casos semelhantes ao aqui apresentado
Mediação pré-processual em controvérsias individuais empresarial-trabalhista
Authors: De Aboim Machado Luciana , Vargas Candido Rodrigues Goulart Rafaela
Published: October 2024

Resumo
Contextualização: A regulamentação acerca da mediação como método de resolução de controvérsias é recente no Brasil (Res. CNJ nº 125/2010; Lei nº 13.140/2015). Embora tenham se estabelecido diretrizes para a mediação, inclusive em conflitos envolvendo a Administração Pública, ainda pouco utilizada a mediação pré-processual em conflitos individuais trabalhistas.
Objetivo: Analisar a mediação pré-processual em conflitos individuais do trabalho no contexto empresarial-trabalhista. Investigar os fatores que facilitam ou impedem sua adoção, e analisar os limites dessa prática em conflitos individuais
Método: Este estudo utiliza métodos dedutivo, documental e bibliográfico para compreender a mediação pré-processual no contexto empresarial-trabalhista.
Resultado: Devido à forte cultura de conciliação no processo e ao princípio protetivo do trabalhador, pouco utilizada a mediação pré-processual para prevenir litígios individuais empresarial-trabalhista na Justiça do Trabalho. A falta de incentivo público e predisposição dos envolvidos dificulta a adoção da mediação.
Contenido del Deber de Diligencia Debida en la Directiva 2024/1760 de la Unión Europea
Authors: Gorelli Hernández Juan
Published: October 2024

Contextualización: La globalización de la actividad productiva depende directamente de la capacidad que tiene una gran empresa, de organizar su actividad productiva de manera transnacional, a través de las denominadas cadenas globales de producción. Grandes empresas transnacionales han utilizado su enorme capacidad de influencia tanto sobre gobiernos de países que han mostrado una enorme debilidad en la defensa de sus ciudadanos. Así, ocurre una importante degradación de las condiciones de trabajo, y más aún, de los derechos humanos.
Objetivo: Análisis de la Directiva (UE) 2024/1760 del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo, de 13 de junio de 2024, sobre diligencia debida de las empresas en materia de sostenibilidad.
Método: Examen exploratorio de las causas e reglas de la Directiva (UE) 2024/1760.
Resultado: La Directiva (UE) 2024/1760 regla la diligencia debida que se configura como una obligación compleja, que incorpora diferentes actuaciones que ha de realizar la empresa transnacional obligada, a través de un proceso continuo o método en el que han de identificar, prevenir, mitigar y responder de los impactos negativos sobre los derechos humanos derivados de sus actividades o de las actividades de terceras empresas que forman parte de la cadena global de producción (cadena de actividades en la terminología de la Directiva) de la empresa transnacional.
Diyarbakır Masal Anlatma Geleneği ve Halk Masalları
Authors: Aslan Mehmet Yusuf
Published: October 2024

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УЛУЧШЕННЫЙ МЕТОД ВЫДЕЛЕНИЯ РНК ДЛЯ МОЛЕКУЛЯРНОЙ ДИАГНОСТИКИ ВИРУСОВ ПЛОДОВО-ЯГОДНЫХ КУЛЬТУР
Authors: Аубакирова Карлыгаш , Бакытжанова Жибек , Ерболова Лаура , Рахаткызы Акбота , Галиакпаров Нурбол
Published: October 2024

Эффективное выделение высококачественной РНК является важным этапом выявления РНК-вирусов растений молекулярными методами. Выделение РНК из листьев винограда, яблони и других плодовых растений проблематично из-за присутствия полисахаридов, полифенолов и других соединений, которые связываются с РНК или осаждаются совместно с ней. В данной работе оптимизирован протокол на основе цетилтриметиламмония бромида (CTAB) для выделения РНК из листьев винограда, яблони, абрикоса, сливы и грецкого ореха. Увеличена концентрация PVP, 2-mercaptоethanоl и СТАВ. Для каждой культуры оптимизировано время инкубации с экстракционным СТАВ буфером при температуре 65 °C. Для листьев винограда и яблони оптимальная время инкубации – 40 минут, для листьев абрикоса – 20 минут, для листьев сливы и ореха – 30 минут. Сравнительное исследование трех различных методов экстракции РНК показало, что оптимизированный протокол обеспечивает наиболее высокое качество и количество выделенной РНК, как подтверждено электрофорезом и спектрофотометрическим анализом. Выделенная с использованием нашего протокола РНК пригодна для последующих молекулярных анализов, таких как синтез кДНК и ПЦР, что демонстрирует его пригодность для выявления вирусов в различных видах плодовых деревьев, включая виноград, яблоню, абрикос, сливу и грецкий орех. Модифицированный метод рекомендуется для использования в дальнейших исследованиях по детекции РНК-вирусов растений с помощью ПЦР.
ЖАБЫҚ ТОПЫРАҚ ЖАҒДАЙЫНДАҒЫ ҚЫЗҒАЛДАҚТАРДЫ КӨКТЕТУ КЕЗЕҢІНДЕГІ КҮЙЗЕЛІСТІК ПРОЦЕССТЕРДІ РЕТТЕУ
Authors: Салыбекова Нұрдана , Юсупов Баходир , Апушев Амангельды , Сержанова Айкерим , Кахраман Гурчан , Мамбаева Алтынай
Published: October 2024

Ұсынылған мақалада Қ.А.Ясауи атындағы Халықаралық қазақ-түрік университетінің ботаникалық бағында жабық топырақта жылыжай  жағдайында қызғалдақтарды көктету кезеңіндегі стресс факторлы жағдайлардағы процесстерді реттеу нәтижелері келтірілген. Қызғалдақтардың сәндік, шаруашылық-биологиялық көрсеткіштеріне әсер етуші стресс факторларға қарсы антистерссанттардың тиімділігін бағалау мақсатында «Megafol» иммуномодулятор препаратының 0,2% қоспасы қолданылды. Нидерландылық мәдени сорттардың триумф (Curry, Royal Virgin,  Sweet Rosy, Novi Sun, Montezuma, Aomory, Panenka, Dutch Design, шашақты (San Christina, San Luiz, Indiana), пион класына (Akebono, Columbus, Purpule Sky, Icoone) жататын 15 сұрып таңдап алынды. 9 және 5 градустық өсіру технологиясы шарттарына сай вегетациялық кезеңде жылыжай жағдайы мен сыртқы температуралық режимнің арақатынасы анықтала отырып қызғалдақтардың сапалық көрсеткіштеріне әсер ету шарттарының мәліметтер базасы жинақталды. Стресс процесстеріне антистерссанттың 1,5-2% ерітіндісінің тиімділігі тәжірибе жүзінде дәлелденді.
Дайын тауарлық құндылығы жоғары өнімді алуда мегафолдың әсері сұрыптық ерекшелікке сай 82-96% аралығында болды. Антистерссант тиімділігі қызғалдақ сорттарының өсімдіктерінің біркелкі өсуіне әсер етеді, оңтайлы су-физикалық қасиеттері бар нейтралды торф субстратында қызғалдақ өсімдіктерінің биіктігі бойынша жоғары көсерткіш байқалды, қауызының биіктігі мен өсімдік гүлдерінің түсі сияқты сәндік қасиеттері бойынша жоғары тұтынушылық талаптарға жауап береді.
КУЛЬТИВАЦИОННОЕ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЕ ИСКУССТВЕННЫХ ЛЕСНЫХ НАСАЖДЕНИИ НА ГАРЯХ В СУХОЙ СТЕПИ
Authors: Бейсекеева Айгерим , Абаева Курманкуль , Шалабаев Бауыржан , Мустафаева Назымгуль , Қожахметова Фарида
Published: October 2024

Республиканское государственное учреждение «Государственный лесной природный резерват «Ертіс орманы»» РГУ Комитета лесного хозяйства и животного мира Министерства экологии, геологии и природных ресурсов Республики Казахстан расположен на территории Лебяжинского и Щербактинского районов Павлодарской области и разделен на два филиала Шалдайский, Бескарагайский и шестнадцать лесничеств –Галкинское, Бауртальское, Степное, Сейтеновское, Садыкащинское, Чушкалинское, Шалдайское, Заводское, Первомайское, Майкарагайское, Тайбагарское, Баимбетское, Бескарагайское, Коктерекское, Кокжальское, Маралдинское.
Общая площадь лесного резервата составляет 277961 га, из них 143247га – Шалдайский филиал, лесничества: Галкинское – 12109 га, Бауртальское – 14977 га, Степное – 16476 га, Сейтеновское – 15640 га, Садыкащинское – 18571 га, Чушкалинское – 13353 га, Шалдайское – 19550 га, Заводское – 14715 га, Первомайское – 17856 га и 134714 га Бескарагайский филиал, лесничества: Майкарагайское – 19785 га, Тайбагарское – 17206 га, Баймбетское – 18315 га, Бескарагайское – 20933 га, Коктерекское – 16881 га, Кокжальское – 24572, Маралдинское – 17022 га.
ГЛПР «Ертіс орманы» входит в песчано-степной лесорастительный район, который относится к провинции Иртышско-Обских сосновых и березовых остепненных лесов.
Земли лесного фонда ГЛПР относятся к категориям особо охраняемых природных территорий – леса государственных природных резерватов.[1]
Разделение территории лесного резервата на функциональные зоны произведено в соответствии с законом Республики Казахстан «Об особо охраняемых природных территориях» от 15 июля 1997 года № 162-1. В процентном отношении ко всей площади лесного резервата выделены 4 функциональные зоны, которые по площади распределились следующим образом:
Зона заповедного ядра – на площади 22522 га;
Буферная зона – на площади 16360 га;
Зона восстановления нарушенных ландшафтов – на площади 102215 га;
Зона устойчивого развития – на площади 136864 га. [2]
АУЫЛШАРУАШЫЛЫҚ ЖЕРЛЕРІН ЖАЛҒА БЕРУ МЕХАНИЗМІНІҢ ТЕОРИЯЛЫҚ ТӘСІЛДЕРІ
Authors: Хасамдинова Эльмира , Джангарашева Назымкуль , Сағандықова Дариға , Сейділдаева Гүлхан , Шапавалов Дмитрий
Published: October 2024

Мақалада Қазақстан Республикасының жер айналымының құрамдас бөлігі болып табылатын ауыл шаруашылығы мақсатындағы жалға берілетін жерді пайдалану мәселелері қарастырылады, бұл шаруа және фермер қожалықтары, сондай-ақ ауыл шаруашылығы өнімдерін өндірумен және өсірумен айналысатын басқа да субъектілер арасында жерді тиімді қайта бөлуді қамтамасыз етеді. Сондай-ақ, жер жалдау қатынастары субъектілерінің экономикалық механизмінің негізгі компоненттері талданды, осы механизмді ауыл шаруашылығы тауар өндірушілерінің жер-ресурстық әлеуетін басқарудың жалпы жүйесіне интеграциялау тәсілдері негізделді. Алайда, Қ.К.Тоқаев Қазақстан Республикасы Президенті "Жер ресурстарын тиімсіз пайдалану мәселесі барған сайын өзекті болып отыр" деп жолдауында атап өткендей. Ол "Жер – біздің ортақ байлығымыз және онда жұмыс істейтіндерге тиесілі болуы керек" және "тиісті механизмдерді ұсыну" қажет екенін атап өтті.[1]
Бірегей сарқылмас табиғи ресурс болып табылатын жер сонымен бірге мемлекет атынан меншік иесінің мүлкі құрамындағы маңызды экономикалық активтердің бірі болып табылады. Бос жерді шаруашылық айналымға тартудың ең тиімді нысаны оны жалға беру болып табылады, онда жер мемлекеттік бюджетті қаржыландырудың ұзақ мерзімді рөлін атқарады. Қазақстан Республикасындағы жылжымайтын мүлік нарығының тиісті сегментінде жалға алу нысанасы ретінде мемлекеттік билік органдары мен жергілікті өзін-өзі басқару органдары меншік иелері болып табылады. Соңғылары ерекше мәртебесі бар жер учаскелерін жалға беруге тиісті өкілеттіктерге ие — мемлекеттік меншік шектелмеген.
ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ ТЕМПЕРАТУРЫ АТМОСФЕРНОГО ВОЗДУХА В ЛЕТНИЙ ПЕРИОД ЮЖНЫХ, ЮГО-ВОСТОЧНЫХ И ЗАПАДНЫХ РЕГИОНАХ КАЗАХСТАНА
Authors: Сыдыков Шурат , Алибек Несипбек , Байболов Асан , Токмолдаев Аманжол , Ахметканова Гульнар
Published: October 2024

Резко континентальный характер климата Казахстана с дефицитом осадков обусловлен значительной отдаленностью от океанов. Согласно данным Всемирной метеорологической организации (https://public.wmo.int/ru/media), глобальная средняя годовая температура в 2020 году была на 1,2 оС выше значений доиндустриального периода 1850-1900 гг. В то же время, по оценкам специалистов, последние три десятилетия в Казахстане оказались самыми теплыми в истории метеонаблюдений, и осредненная по территории республики аномалия среднегодовой температуры воздуха составила +1,92оС, тем самым 2020 год занял 1-ое место в ряду самых теплых лет в истории наблюдений с 1941 года. Изменчивость температуры Казахстана обусловлены большой широтной протяженностью и физико-географической неоднородностью республики. Аномалии средней годовой и сезонных температур воздуха в летний период в Алматинской, Жамбылской, Туркестанской, Кызылординской, Атырауской и Мангистауской областях составляли всегда повышенную значению, чем осредненные по другим областям страны. Резко континентальные условия перечисленных областей определяют неустойчивость метеорологических величин, что влияет на многие отрасли экономики, особенно на сельское хозяйство. Поэтому знания тенденций их изменений позволяют выбрать оптимальную стратегию оперативной работы и уменьшить убытки, связанные с опасными перепадами температур, а в некоторых случаях иметь ощутимую прибыль.
A Period Prediction System for Sinhala Epigraphical Scripts using Ensemble CNNs and Attention Modules
Authors: Surasinghe Pabasara , Thanikasalam Kokul
Published: October 2024

Identifying the period of epigraphical scripts is crucial for archaeologists and others to determine the age of inscriptions. Since different sets and shapes of letters were used in different eras, identifying the period of an epigraphical script also aids in recognizing these scripts. An ideal period prediction system should detect the era of an epigraphical script in real time with high accuracy. The objective of this study is to develop an automated system to predict the period of Sri Lankan Sinhala epigraphical scripts. In the first stage, a dataset of Sinhala epigraphical letter images was created using 7,012 samples from estampage pictures of Sri Lankan inscriptions, addressing the absence of a proper dataset. The proposed approach is more efficient than previous models as it can detect the period of individual letters as well as the period of raw, whole estampage images. Moreover, the approach incorporates a mechanism to detect the period of letters from inscriptions written between two consecutive eras. An ensemble CNN model with attention modules is utilized to identify the eras of epigraphical scripts. Experimental results show that the proposed system achieves an average classification accuracy of 93.88% in identifying the era of individual letters. The system can automatically determine the era of an inscription by analyzing its estampage image within thirty seconds.
Special audit examination of the coactiva courts of the central bank of Ecuador, period 2013 - 2014
Authors: Segura Márquez Jonathan Dennis , Díaz Peña Yuneisy , Segura Chávez Edison Oliver
Published: October 2024

Auditing is a fundamental tool in the management of entities, ensuring transparency and efficiency through adequate controls. This study analyzes the "Special Audit Review of the Coactiva Courts of the Central Bank of Ecuador" conducted by the Superintendency of Banks during the period 2013-2014. The objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of internal controls and administrative processes of the coactiva court. The results reveal significant deficiencies, including a lack of coordination between the areas of the Recovery and Liquidation Department, inconsistencies in the records of insolvency and bankruptcy judgments, and informal management of portfolio recovery. These deficiencies represent a high risk for the bank's operations, affecting approximately 70% of the processes reviewed. A set of practical recommendations are proposed, such as the implementation of an information filing and systematization system, the updating of the lawsuit registry and the creation of an annual operational audit plan. These measures are aligned with international best practices and seek to improve efficiency, effectiveness and transparency in the management of public resources.
Miscarriage: cases of unfair incrimination reveal weaknesses in the criminalization of abortion
Authors: Pardo Torres Ana Cristina , Maldonado-Ruiz Luis Mauricio
Published: October 2024

The article examines the historical, religious and legal context of abortion, highlighting its criminalization in Ecuador and its impact on women's health and rights. Subsequently, it addresses the injustice of criminalization derived from a situation of spontaneous abortion and proposes to evaluate the theoretical elements that should be considered to avoid the issuance of sentences to women who experience this condition. To this end, the methodology employed focused on the analysis of representative cases. The cases analyzed include Sara, Marta, Paola and Maribel, who suffered unjust detentions and cruel treatment in the judicial system due to medical complications or situations of gender violence. The findings reveal a pattern of discrimination and stigmatization against low-income women and marginalized communities and conclude that the criminalization of abortion increases risks to women's health and lives, perpetuating gender-based violence and inequality. This ultimately highlights the urgent need to reform abortion laws and policies in Ecuador to protect human rights and promote gender equality.
Texto para Discussão 3048
Authors: Vieira Fabiola Sulpino
Published: October 2024

No Brasil, o debate sobre o papel das emendas parlamentares (EPs) no financiamento federal do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) ganhou destaque, nos últimos anos, em razão do aumento dos valores alocados e das possíveis consequências no acesso a serviços de saúde pela população, dado o subfinanciamento desse sistema. Nesse cenário, visando contribuir para a discussão sobre esse assunto, o objetivo deste texto é analisar a alocação de recursos federais por EPs para o financiamento de ações e serviços públicos de saúde (ASPS), especialmente da atenção primária à saúde (APS) e da atenção especializada à saúde (AES), sob a perspectiva regional de organização do SUS. Realizou-se um estudo descritivo sobre a alocação de recursos federais ao SUS, com foco na execução orçamentário-financeira do Ministério da Saúde (MS), em ASPS por EPs, no período de 2014 a 2023. Nos últimos dez anos, as despesas do MS com ASPS, por meio de EPs, cresceram 371%, passando de R$ 4,9 bilhões em 2014 para R$ 23,0 bilhões em 2023, com significativa redução do poder do MS de definir a destinação de recursos para o financiamento dos gastos discricionários. A alocação de recursos aos municípios por EPs, para financiamento da APS e da AES, considerando-se as regiões e as macrorregiões de saúde, foi muito desigual em 2023. No caso da APS, promoveu maior concentração de recursos nas macrorregiões e nas regiões de saúde do Norte e do Nordeste. No caso da AES, essas regiões também foram beneficiadas, mas com maiores valores por habitante concentrados em número menor de macrorregiões e regiões de saúde. Ainda que as regiões de saúde do Norte e do Nordeste tenham sido mais beneficiadas pelos recursos, isso não significa necessariamente melhora no acesso da população aos serviços especializados, que têm menor disponibilidade nessas regiões, uma vez que a alocação por EPs desconsidera os arranjos de programação regional da oferta de serviços e do atendimento da população adstrita a uma região ou macrorregião de saúde no SUS. Com isso, as EPs podem criar mais desigualdades de acesso aos serviços de saúde e mais iniquidades em saúde no Brasil.
The Failure of African Leaders to Revive the Economy and Alleviate Poverty through the African Union
Authors: Marumo Phemelo Olifile , Motswaledi Thabang Richard
Published: October 2024

This paper assessed the economic shortfalls of the African leaders in/ through the African Union (AU) in the revival of the African economy and that continues to hinder the continent’s development. In doing so, the study employed qualitative techniques. Document analysis was used to illustrate that the African leaders in the organization have not done justice to their goal of being role players economic development of the continent. This has led to the contemporary mediocrity performance of continental economic development. This paper discovered that the economic vision of the African leaders through the AU has not been met thus far. This is a clear indication of the failure of the leaders to meet the organization’s objective in terms ofpoverty alleviation is concerned. The study recommends various mechanisms to enhance Africa’s development through internal trade and economic integration. Hence, it concludes that it is clear that the African Union has not yet achieved its economic objectives. To change this, Africa needs to promote unity and establish itself as a key player in global economic trade, rather than being on the sidelines.

Keywords: Objectives of the AU, Failures of the African leader, The AU, Continent’s Economic Growth and Stability.
Atomic Data for Astrophysically Important Spectral Lines of Singly Ionized Nitrogen
Authors: Li M. C. , Li W.
Published: October 2024

Nitrogen lines are widely observed in astrophysical spectra and provide important diagnostics for plasma properties. In this work, we present extended calculations for accurate energy levels, electric dipole radiative transition parameters, and lifetimes for the lowest 102 states of the 2s
22p
2, 2s2p
3, 2s2p
23s, 2s
22p{n
1
l, n
2
d, 4f}(n
1 = 3–5, l = s, p, n
2 = 3, 4), and 2p
4 configurations of N ii within the framework of the fully relativistic multiconfiguration Dirac–Hartree–Fock and relativistic configuration interaction methods. These data are useful for modeling astrophysical spectra, for example, for nitrogen abundance determinations in early B-type stars, and for studying the compositions and plasma properties of H ii regions and planetary nebulae. Our computed transition parameters are compared with available experimental and theoretical data. The accuracy of the calculations is also assessed via a statistical analysis of the differences between the transition rates in the Babushkin and Coulomb gauges and by consideration of cancellation factors. In this way, 201 of the 1656 transitions computed in this work are estimated to be from accurate to better than 3%, corresponding to an accuracy class of A.
Taxonomic Data Objects for Communicating the Meaning of Species Names
Authors: Upham Nathan , Poelen Jorrit
Published: October 2024

A central problem in biodiversity data science remains the inability to precisely aggregate observations that originate from the same species. Current approaches still rely heavily on the ‘Genus species’ pair of Linnaean taxonomy to label and group data. However, such binomial species names do not alone contain enough information to distinguish variation in a name’s conceptual usage (i.e., meaning) across time, place, or investigator. This “species name-to-meaning” problem is well known, but no robust and scalable solutions yet exist (Berendsohn 1995Bisby 2000, Sutherland et al. 2000, Page 2007, Franz and Sterner 2018, Upham et al. 2021, Sterner et al. 2023, Sterner et al. 2020, Beach et al. 1993). The problem is widespread especially for well-studied groups like mammals, for which 45% more species are now recognized than 30 years ago, including many species splits and rearrangements (Burgin et al. 2018, Mammal Diversity Database 2024). To address this problem, we here propose to digitally package and sign the relevant taxonomic data associated with a given species name usage to form a ‘Taxonomic Data Object’ (TDO). These TDOs are conceptually similar to 'secundus' references (i.e., species name sec. author, Berendsohn 1995) but differ in being machine readable and thus operational from the perspective of high-throughput data science. TDOs aim to move from analog secundus references, which require a human to track meaning by reading the cited article, to a digital and machine-actionable taxonomic reference. Versioned TDOs that are digitally signed using hash algorithms (e.g., md5 or sha256, see Elliott et al. 2023) will allow for precisely communicating, with verified data provenance from sender to receiver, certain aspects of what a species name means according to a given authority at a given time. Example TDO contents include DarwinCore terms (e.g., scientificName, namePublishedIn, nameAccordingTo, nomenclaturalStatus (Darwin Core Maintenance Group 2021)) as well as meaning-rich digital assets like geographic range maps (e.g., GeoJSON format), exemplar DNA sequences (e.g., FASTA format or National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) accession number), holotype specimen information (e.g., catalog number, type locality coordinates), and taxonomic treatment texts (including material citations, e.g., as digitized and extracted by Plazi TreatmentBank, Agosti and Egloff 2009; see Fig. 1). We discuss pilot examples comparing global bat species according to the v1.2 vs. v1.11 taxonomies of the Mammal Diversity Database (Sep 2020 vs. Apr 2023), showing how TDOs enable the reliable tracking of taxonomic meaning for the 63 bat species affected by splits during this period. We posit that widespread use of TDOs will enable the traceable exchange of taxonomic information across a variety of existing platforms, providing a path for accurate species-level data aggregation at global scales, at least for well-studied taxa.
Two new species of Cytospora (Diaporthales, Cytosporaceae) causing canker disease of Malus domestica and M. sieversii in Xinjiang, China
Authors: Cai Guifang , Zhao Ying , Zhai Yawei , Yan Meilin , Ma Rong , Zhang Daoyuan
Published: October 2024

Apple tree canker is a serious disease caused by species of Cytospora. Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is one of the most important apple-producing areas in China. However, losses due to apple Cytospora canker have seriously damaged the apple industry and affected the economic development of the apple growers in this region. In this study, we used morphological characteristics combined with multilocus phylogenetic analyses of the ITS, act, rpb2, tef1 and tub2 loci to identify isolates from apple (Malus domestica) and wild apple (M. sieversii). As a result, C. hippophaopsissp. nov. from M. sieversii and C. shawanensissp. nov. from M. domestica were discovered and proposed herein. Pathogenicity tests were further conducted on 13 varieties of apple and wild apple, which confirmed C. hippophaopsis and C. shawanensis as canker pathogens. Meanwhile, C. hippophaopsis is generally more aggressive than C. shawanensis on the tested varieties of apple and wild apple.
Pentacyclic triterpenoids from the leaves of Cecropia longipes
Authors: Enchev Preslav , Zarev Yancho , Dakovska Anzhelika , Todorova Teodora , Dimitrov Martin , Rivera-Mondragón Andrés , Ionkova Iliana
Published: October 2024

The genus Cecropia (Urticaceae) comprises 61 tree species primarily found in tropical rainforests from Mexico to South America, including Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Panama. These species are under-researched, with most studies focusing on phenolic derivatives from leaf extracts. Traditionally, Cecropia species are used to treat ailments such as asthma, bronchitis, and diabetes. This study focuses on the underexplored species C. longipes from Panama, aiming to analyze triterpene derivatives in its leaves. Through a series of chromatographic separations and purifications, three pentacyclic triterpenoids were isolated. Using 1D and 2D NMR experiments and HRESI-MS analysis, the following compounds were identified: 19α hydroxyasiatic acid, 1α,3β,23-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid, and rosamultic acid. These compounds were isolated for the first time from C. longipes and the genus Cecropia. Genotoxicity tests using S. cerevisiae revealed that two compounds exhibited genotoxic activity at all concentrations. For 19α hydroxyasiatic acid, genotoxic potential was observed at higher concentrations, unrelated to oxidative stress, suggesting other mechanisms.
The DSAIL-GeJuSTA Data Science Education Workshop: Designing a Data Science Curriculum for the African Continent
Authors: Mugambi Lorna , Kiarie Gabriel , Kabi Jason , wa Maina Ciira , Mazumdar Suvodeep
Published: October 2024

The DSAIL-GeJuSTA Data Science Education Workshop was a joint initiative by the Centre for Data Science and Artificial Intelligence (DSAIL) and Gender Justice in STEM Research in Africa (GeJUSTA). GeJUSTA is a programme funded by the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) that is working towards increasing the representation of women in STEM. The workshop was held on 9 November 2023, during the 7th DeKUT International Conference on Science, Technology, Innovation and Entrepreneurship (STI&E) at Dedan Kimathi University of Technology (DeKUT). The conference ran from 8-10 November 2023. The event successfully convened 31 participants. The composition of the attendees was diverse, ranging from data-science educators, industry participants using data science, researchers who use data science and students in a myriad of courses, including engineering and pharmacy. The primary focus of the workshop was to have a discussion with the attendees and share practices around designing data-science curriculum, strategies for achieving gender equity in data-science education, addressing new technological challenges in education and fostering multidisciplinary approaches to data-science education. This report encapsulates the collective vision of the workshop participants, whose contributions have set the stage for progressive strides in data-science education.