bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of Media Freedom in promoting political stability and Economic Development
Authors: Iraqi Khalid Mehmood , Sariyo Ramsha Aftab
Published: December 2024

The Media has been emerging as one of the most important component of the state for the past few decades; our society witness great advancement and evolution in this globalized and technology poised era. Although the power of different tools of media like pen and radio was not to be underestimated, yet the advent of electronic and now social media has increased the role of the media manifold.The sampling methods used are simple random sampling. A questionnaire was developed to collect primary data to observe the public perception. Data from previous researches conducted on this topic has been used for comparison and confirmation of the data collected, official surveys and quantitative data from official records have also been studied as literature review.In this research we have attempted to gauge the role of the electronic media in the Pakistani society. We have specifically tried to find out the extent to which the electronic media has the power to mold the political opinion of the public. The masses have the right to shift the balance of power from one political side to another; this paper examines how much power the media manipulate and influence on the political beliefs of the masses.
Role of Media Freedom in promoting political stability and Economic Development
Authors: Memon Amjad Ali , Memon Fehmida
Published: December 2024

With the advent of technology Mass Media has been flourishing day by day. Research shows that Media freedom is beneficial for the stability and health of the economic system of a country. Since 1947, Pakistan has a free and fair Media, but nothing can be said certainly due to absence of empirical evidence and concrete literature on the relationship between Media Freedom, Political Stability and Economic growth.
This study focuses on the empirical bases and relation among the Independent variable Media freedom and Dependent variables, Political stability and Economic growth. Political stability index has been used as a proxy for political stability, World press freedom index for Media Freedom and Annual GDP growth percentage for Economic Growth. The data is secondary in nature and spans 2001-2018, the structural equation modeling has been used to check the significance of hypotheses using IBM-AMOS.First, Media freedom has significantly positive effect on Political Stability. Second, Media freedom has insignificantly positive effect on economic growth. Third, Since 2001- 2018 Pakistan has been negatively scored in Political stability index showing instability in the country.This research study is authors’ original work and is the 1st of its kind to check the impact of Media freedom on Political stability and economic growth using proxies via structural equation modeling.
The Role of Media in the Fifth Generation Warfare: The Indian Information War against Pakistan
Authors: Aqeel Ahmad Gichki
Published: December 2024

This paper seeks to study ‘Role of Media in the Fifth Generation Warfare: The Indian Information War against Pakistan.’ Wars can turn the wheel of history. Technological developments have made the media a significant tool to frame perceptions. Pakistan is located in an important strategic location, where two global and regional powers are fisting for supremacy. The traditional rival has been creating fault lines within Pakistan. Where conventional war is unlikely between the nuclear-powered neighbors of South Asia, non-conventional means of war are preferred. As a result, they are employing fifth generation warfare (5GW) tools against Pakistan to destabilize it internally and to achieve their nefarious designs. Adversaries are using media tools to spread misinformation, disinformed reports, and false news. India has been using the media as a tool of warfare against Pakistan, which includes the recent example of exposing DisinfoLab. The Indian disinformation campaigns against Pakistan are aimed at creating a false perception internationally and creating an institutional divide domestically. Finally, the paper would highlight the challenges of 5GW faced by Pakistan and would devise a national media strategy to counter Indian information warfare.
Media and Peace building between India and Pakistan: The Case of Kartarpur Corridor
Authors: Sundus Basharat & Dr. Fatima Sajjad
Published: December 2024

Media has remained a powerful tool in modern times that shapes perceptions and builds narratives on each side of the border. In the same context, there are certain narratives that news media has built about India and Pakistan. Both countries share a historically strenuous relationship that has affected peace and security problems for the last seventy-five years. The inter-state issues are all broadcasted through news media. Living in the digital age, media narratives create awareness among the masses regarding national interests. Many researchers consistently have found that at the cost of national interests' media becomes an active agent of wars. Still, on the other hand, media can play a vital role at different levels in mitigating conflict and promoting peace. In this context, this article revisits the literature on how print and electronic media played a pivotal role in promoting peace between the two countries. It has analyzed the role of the print media in peace building by taking into account the establishment of the Kartarpur Corridor in 2019. The article has been contextualized within the theoretical framework of Johan Galtung's "Peace Journalism Framework." The exploratory qualitative research design would be used. Qualitative Content Analysis is the method of data collection. Content analysis of chosen newspapers from Pakistan (Dawn) and India (The Hindu) is part of the study's data set. The focus is on analyzing Kartarpur Corridor-related news, editorials/editorial notes, and opinion articles.
Social Media and Women Empowerment in Pakistan – A Study of Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Syeda Afsheen & Dr. Nusrat Idrees
Published: December 2024

The research paper presents the findings of a quantitative research study focused on the utilization of social media as a tool of gaining empowerment by women in Pakistan. The research uncovers the opportunities and challenges that Pakistani woman face in this journey. The data for the study has been collected through a survey conducted among 100 social media based Pakistani entrepreneurs. The data shows that with the help of social media based businesses, women are fostering social change, sharing power and decision-making process with men along with generating personal income and saving. The data further reveals that Pakistani women commonly face trust issues, cyber harassment and bullying, lack of secure payment options and non-serious attitude of buyers in dealing with people on social media. The study finds that most of the women consider social media a great opportunity to establish their business with the ease of working from their home at flexible timings whereas low maintenance business cost and working simultaneously on multiple projects are other major opportunities that women are availing. The study concludes that the role of social media is very supportive for the women empowerment struggle in Pakistani however, the problems and challenges identified in the study need to be addressed adequately at government level.
DELEGITIMIZATION OF THE MONTENEGRIN LANGUAGE WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE “NJEGOŠ DAYS” MANIFESTATION – A DISCOURSE-HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF ARGUMENTATION STRATEGIES
Authors:   Fakultet za crnogorski jezik i književnost ‒ Cetinje, ORLANDIĆ Sanja
Published: December 2024

This paper analyzes the argumentation strategies used to delegitimize the Montenegrin language, as presented during the roundtable discussion “The Cultural Identity of Montenegro – Conflicts and Possible Solutions,” held as part of the “Njegoš Days” manifestation, and in an interview with Prof. Dr. Jelica Stojanović, conducted on the same occasion for Večernje Novosti. The theoretical framework is based on the discourse-historical approach within the field of critical discourse studies.
MONTENEGRIN STUDENTS’ VIEWS OF NON-STANDARD IDIOM CONTENT
Authors:   Fakultet za crnogorski jezik i književnost ‒ Cetinje, VUJOVIĆ Novica
Published: December 2024

This paper examines the attitudes of Montenegrin students toward dialectal language forms in communication. An empirical study was conducted for this purpose, using a questionnaire with eight questions. The interpretation of the results provided important insights into the factors shaping the attitudes of Montenegrin students on this issue. The responses revealed value judgments indicating that, for a high percentage of the student population, it is important to prioritize forms from the standard language in almost all types of communication. The study found that most of the responses reflect attitudes shaped by a traditionalist approach to linguistic norms, where the linguistic standard is idealized as a model of cultural prestige. Considering the findings of this research, it is concluded that a potential measure to address this situation would involve systematically designed education programs developed through broad collaboration between institutions and non-governmental organizations, targeting young people and society as a whole. An important contribution to dispelling linguistic myths and unscientific attitudes regarding non-standard dialects is seen in the legal protection of Montenegrin language varieties as intangible cultural heritage.
ON A BOSNIAN-POLISH OIKONYM PARALLEL (OIKONYMS MOTIVATED BY THE TYPEAND FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF SETTLEMENTS)
Authors:   Filozofski fakultet Univerziteta u Tuzli, ŠABIĆ Indira , CHYŁA Magdalena ,   Instytut Filologii Słowiańskiej Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, Wrocław
Published: December 2024

While researching Bosnian oikonyms, the authors came up with the idea of comparing them with Polish ones, expecting many similarities due to the genetic affinity of these two languages, the close historical structure of society, production methods, customs and the spiritual world. However, taking into consideration the past of Bosnians and Poles, who were exposed to significantly different living conditions in different circles of South and Western Slavs, it is clear that over time, according to the contextual circumstances of different epochs, the differences became more numerous and more pronounced. In this regard, in this article, an analysis is carried out in an effort to establish the extent to which the Slavic continuum has been preserved in Bosnian and Polish oikonymy in terms of naming the settlements with motifs (Slavisms) that testify to the cultural landscape, on the one hand. On the other hand, an attempt is made to determine the diversity in defining and naming the settlements by their inhabitants under the influence of extralinguistic factors through which settlements were named using loan words. The research is not rounded off only by the expert elaboration of the oikonyms of these two languages, but the causal processes were also presented, interpreted and connected: the action of social, economic, historical, cultural factors and cross-linguistic contacts in new environments, which produced modern oikonyms named according to the forms of appearance of settlements. Thus, the patterns that distinguish these two oikonymic systems in the defined topic have been established. In this way, through onomastics, the genesis of settlements and their parts as carriers of the identity of Bosnian-Herzegovinian and Polish areas are also being discussed. With such results, which are defined through the close relationship between language and social development, this article is a contribution to the Bosnian and Polish onomastic lexicon and Bosnistics and Polonistics in general.
SONGS FOR CHILDREN WITH GAME ELEMENTS IN THE BOOK "POSTCARDS". "PLAY IS THE WORK OF A CHILD." - PLATON
Authors:   Fakultet za crnogorski jezik i književnost ‒ Cetinje, NIKOLIĆ Andrijana
Published: December 2024

Unfortunately, postcards have long been forgotten as a means of postal communication. Until the beginning of the nineties of the last century, we sent postcards to friends and relatives from different destinations. In the past, post-cards adorned showcases in kitchens and reminded the dear people who sent them, but with the advancement of technology, they have been supplanted as a means of communication, so the generations to come will most likely observe them in museums. For the above reasons, the collection of children's poems "Postcards" by Radovan Stevović represents a kind of time machine for gene-rations born before the nineties at the end of the last century, but this collection of children's poems contains moral and traditional values that we will never give up. Whether we are fans of Jove Jovanović Zmaj, Oton Župančić, Grigor Vitez, Zvonimir Balog or Gustav Krklec, Branko Ćopić or writers for children of the newer generation, one thing is certain, and that is the feeling of joy and quiet nostalgia when reading the poems from this collection with playfulness for the first time thoughts that do not resist imagination. Given that these songs contain elements of play, the analysis of all songs will be subordinated to the forms of play that are most dominant in the period of childhood as a means by which the child explores the world around him.
CORRELATES OF LIFE SATISFACTION OF YOUNG PEOPLE IN NOVI PAZAR
Authors:   Univerzitet u Novom Pazaru, ŠABANOVIĆ Binasa , SOLAKOVIĆ Šuajb , SMAILOVIĆ Semrija ,   Filozofski fakultet Univerziteta u Istočnom Sarajevu,   Univerzitet u Novom Pazaru
Published: December 2024

This paper deals with the problem of the relationship between young people's life satisfaction and their material condition, locus of control, attitude towards studying, attitude towards work and life orientation. The concept of life satisfaction and other correlates mentioned in the paper are certainly current in psychology and have been increasingly researched lately. It is very important to investigate the life satisfaction of young people and other correlates that contribute to life satisfaction, and to observe them all together through the prism of positive psychology.
In this paper, we investigated what kind of relationships exist between the life satisfaction of young people and their material condition, their locus of control, attitude towards studies and work, and life orientation.
Appropriate measuring instruments were applied to a sample of N=260 respondents (M=1.63, SD=.482). A scale for assessing life satisfaction, a scale for testing locus of control, a scale for attitudes towards studying, a scale for attitudes towards work and a life orientation scale, as well as a questionnaire for collecting appropriate sociodemographic characteristics. The scales that were used in the research showed appropriate metric characteristics of 0.87 for life satisfaction and locus of control, 0.78 for attitude towards studying, while slightly lower values for attitude towards work were 0.48 and life orientation 0.49. .The results of the research showed that there is a statistically significant positive correlation between life satisfaction of young people and satisfactory material condition (r=0.316, p=0.00) and between life satisfaction and locus of control (r=0.208, p=0.001). However, there is no statistically significant correlation between young people's life satisfaction and attitudes towards studying (r=0.107, p=0.091). As for the life satisfaction of young people and attitude towards work, there is a negative correlation between these variables (r=-0.201, p=0.001) and there is a positive correlation between life satisfaction and life orientation (r=0.456, p=0.000).
Hour Bank System
Authors: S. Shoeb  , Shubham Tiwari  , S. Bharath  , Y. Kumar
Published: December 2024

The Hour Bank System serves as an innovative online system designed to enhance management andassessment of extracurricular activities in schools and universities. The method tackles thedifficulties that colleges and universities encounter in keeping track of students' involvement inextracurricular activities, assigning credits, and giving their efforts appropriate credit. Students canearn credits for their extracurricular activities through the Hour Bank System, which combinesevent management, tracking of attendance, and a credit distribution system. These credits are thensaved in their digital profiles. A Flask-based server with secure JWT authentication, a MongoDBdatabase for effective data storage, and a React Native mobile application for user interaction are allpart of the system's contemporary technology stack. Faculty can use the platform to plan activities,grant credits based on student involvement, and track student attendance using QR codes. On theother hand, students may effortlessly manage their extracurricular records, track their accruedcredits, and register for activities. The goal of this project is to give educational institutions acomplete extracurricular activity management solution that will guarantee a smooth transitionbetween academic and extracurricular accomplishments. The Hour Bank System encouragesstudents to participate in a wider variety of activities by providing a credit-based recognitionmechanism. It also improves institutional efficiency and promotes a more comprehensive approachto student development. The system is a flexible option for organizations of all sizes andrequirements because of its role-based access control, configurable features, and scalable design.
Autoeficacia docente en la transición a la modalidad híbrida postpandemia: el caso de un centro preescolar en México
Authors: Vázquez Peredo César Augusto , López Ramírez Gabriela Ivet
Published: December 2024

La autoeficacia docente es entendida como la percepción que los docentes tienen sobre su capacidad para poner en marcha estrategias y acciones que les permitan el logro de un buen proceso educativo con sus alumnos. Una autoeficacia alta permitirá a los docentes hacer frente a nuevas situaciones y alcanzar sus objetivos, implementando estrategias novedosas que permitan la motivación de sus alumnos para la construcción de aprendizajes significativos. En este artículo se reporta una investigación cualitativa con un enfoque fenomenológico basado en un estudio de caso con aplicación de entrevistas estructuradas con la finalidad de conocer la percepción de autoeficacia de un grupo de docentes de preescolar en México, y cómo esta impacta en el desarrollo de habilidades y conocimientos de sus alumnos. Se da cuenta de la necesidad del acompañamiento y capacitación que dote a las docentes de herramientas necesarias para hacer frente a las situaciones críticas que se les presenten, como el caso del tránsito a la modalidad híbrida en el periodo de postpandemia. Esto se considera fundamental, ya que mientras las docentes posean una mayor autoeficacia se sentirán más capaces de afrontar nuevos retos y esto tendrá un impacto positivo en el proceso educativo que realicen con sus alumnos.
La materialidad de lo político-estatal en la teoría de Nicos Poulantzas. Condensación, desplazamiento y sobredeterminación
Authors: Gorriti Jacinta
Published: December 2024

Nicos Poulantzas define al Estado como “la condensación material de una relación de fuerzas entre clases y fracciones de clase”. Este artículo profundiza en su perspectiva, vinculándola con el concepto althusseriano de “sobredeterminación”. Se sugiere que Poulantzas adopta implícitamente la matriz conceptual althusseriana para pensar el carácter contradictorio y conflictivo del Estado, al que presenta no como una entidad monolítica e instrumental, sino como un campo estratégico donde las relaciones de poder se anudan y cristalizan desigualmente. Se muestra que Poulantzas concibe al Estado como un aparato de reproducción de las relaciones de dominación y, a la vez, como un espacio en el que es posible la transformación social. Este trabajo destaca la importancia de leer al autor en el marco de la problemática teórica que comparte con Althusser, sin negar sus desacuerdos y diferencias.
THE IMPACT OF CREDIT RESTRUCTURING ON BANK HEALTH LEVELS IN MALUKU (CASE STUDY AT PT. BANK MALUKU MALUT)
Authors: Purimahua Sarlotha Y. , Leunupun Pieter , Tomasila Mozes , Manufury Bartha A. , Kesamay Charolina
Published: December 2024

Bank Maluku Malut (Malut) is a bank operating in the Malukuku region which also experiences "Non-Performing Loans (NPLs)" problems which can affect the bank's performance and financial health. This study tries to answer the topic of how bank health changes before and after credit restructuring as a form of implementation of OJK policies on the overall health of the bank using a statistical process. The data analysis method applied in measuring the health level of banks is through the use of the "RGEC (Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earnings, and Capital)" method, where the data is analyzed quantitatively descriptively in evaluating the health levels of banks on each factor and its components. The results of the study show that the level of financial health of capital-based banking before and following credit restructuring varies. The level of health of banking is improving in line with credit restructuring. The findings of this study can inform policymakers and financial institutions about the effectiveness of credit restructuring strategies in maintaining bank health and enhancing compliance with regulatory frameworks. It also offers a framework for assessing the implications of similar policies in other banking contexts, potentially guiding future reforms and strategies in the industry.
MARKETING STRATEGY DESIGN FOR CAGAK CIANJUR PRIMARY CLINIC TO INCREASE CAPITATION AND NON-CAPITATION REVENUE FROM BPJS-HEALTH
Authors: Berutu Kristiyanto , Lahindah Laura
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyze the internal and external conditions that affect the performance of Pratama Cagak Clinic and formulate effective marketing strategies to increase revenue from capitation and non-capitation services. This study adopts a qualitative method with a case study approach to delve into the factors that affect marketing in the clinic, including BPJS policies and local patient preferences. The results of this analysis are then mapped in SWOT and used to compile the TOWS Matrix and Quantitative Strategic Planning (QSPM) to prioritize strategies that can increase revenue and operational sustainability of clinic operations. The five force model approach is used to understand the factors affecting the health industry in Cianjur Regency, namely, the PESTEL and Porter's Five Forces frameworks. The objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive overview of the condition of the clinic based on external and internal analysis, as well as interviews with several heads of health centers and managers of the primary clinic. In addition, a structured strategy and focusing on continuous evaluation are implemented to increase general patient visits and the number of pregnant women participating in the BMJ-Kesehatan capitation scheme.
BEYOND INTENTIONS: UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACT OF VALUE CO-CREATION ON DEPOSIT WASTE SEGREGATION
Authors: Aditya Dana , Mustikorini Dwi Indah , Tamonsang Matheous
Published: December 2024

This study examines the factors influencing the intention to segregate waste and participate in waste bank programs, based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the concept of value co-creation. The research highlights the significant role of attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioral in shaping the intention to segregate waste. However, it finds that attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control did not significantly influence the intention to segregate waste. This suggests that participants' decisions to engage in waste management practices were less affected by their attitudes, subjective norms and perceived control over the behavior. Furthermore, value co-creation was found to mediate the relationship between attitudes and intentions, indicating that when consumers actively contribute to creating value, they become more motivated to continue their pro-environmental behaviors. The study also reveals that positive experiences and a sense of ownership in the waste management process reinforce participants' commitment to segregating waste, even without external pressure or rewards. The findings provide valuable insights into how programs involving active participation in co-creating value can enhance environmental behaviors.
COMPARISON OF LEGAL SYSTEMS IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF CONTEMPORARY ISSUES AND THEIR APPLICATION IN INDONESIA
Authors: Rahardja Satria Dwie , Hoesein Zainal Arifin
Published: December 2024

This study aims to explore how the Indonesian legal system can adapt to contemporary issues through comparative analysis with legal systems in other countries. The study first uses secondary data collection methods and case studies to identify the differences and similarities between Indonesia's legal system and the common law and civil law legal systems. The results of this analysis are expected to not only provide insight into the best practices that can be adopted by Indonesia to be able to increase the effectiveness of law enforcement in the face of modern challenges, but also offer a solid foundation for reforming legal policies to be more responsive and adaptive to the challenges of digitalization and globalization.
The Effect of Sodıum Hypochlorite and Hydrogen Peroxide on the Vase life of Cut Rose Flowers
Authors: Doğan Meral Ezgi , Arman Çiçek , Süslüoğlu Zahide , Arslan Serda
Published: December 2024

Cut roses are a popular choice for bouquets and floral arrangements, but their short vase life can be a significant drawback. this study investigated the use of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and sodium hypochlorite as potential treatments to extend the vase life of cut roses. Cut flowers (R. hybrida cv ‘Samourai’) were placed in glass containing solutions in six different treatments: H2O2, 400, 600, 800 μM; Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl, 50, 100, 200 mg L-1) and distilled water as a control. Vase life, fresh flower weight, water uptake, color change of flower, flower open ratio, pH and EC variation were among the parameters that were noted based during 15 days According to the results, the solution containing 600 μM of H2O2 produced the highest values for vase life, fresh weight, water uptake, and least color change of the flowers. This was followed by the solution containing 400 μM of H2O2. Sodium hypoclite 50 mg L-1 treatment together with the control during the vase life gave the lowest results both in terms of vase life and water uptake and in terms of preserving the quality of the flowers.The quality and vase life of cut rose flowers were found to be significantly affected by the use of 400 μM and 600 μM H2O2 in preservation solutions.
FEATURES OF GENERATION OF SPONTANEOUS MAGNETIC FIELDS
IN FULLY IONIZED PLASMA
Authors: Kopp M.I. , Yanovsky V.V.
Published: December 2024

In this paper, magnetic field generation in a fully ionized plasma is discussed both in the presence and absence of an external constant magnetic field. Considering the dependence of the transfer coefficients on the magnetic field, Braginsky's equations are applied to describe collective processes in plasma. Criteria for the formation of instabilities and, consequently, the generation of magnetic fields are obtained, taking into account convective heat transfer and thermomagnetic phenomena. We derive expressions for the growth rate of perturbations in the magnetic
field and the temperature in the short-wave range.
PORTABLE OZONE GENERATING DEVICE FOR TREATMENT OF INFECTED WOUNDS
Authors: Pavlichenko R.O. , Klosovskij A.V. , Kulik Yu.S. , Misiruk I.O. , Taran A.V. , Vorontsov P.M. , Gnidenko Yu.P. , Nesterenko Ye.O.
Published: December 2024

Ozone therapy for treating wounds is not commonly used in many regards and such a technology is still being developed even with extremely promising results. The most important key of wound treatment with ozone is its ability to eliminate bacterial growth and population. In this regard there is an urgent need for alternative options for antiseptic treatment of wounds at the stage of evacuation and pre-medical care for their further effective treatment. In this research, a portable ozone generating device for wound treatment has been developed and the main technical characteristics have been discussed.
ELECTROLYTIC-PLASMA PROCESSING AND BORIDING OF VARIOUS SURFACES
Authors: Tarasov I.K. , Osmakova V.E. , Taran A.V. , Tarasov A.M. , Nikolaychuk G.P.
Published: December 2024

The results of electrolytic-plasma processing (EPP) of copper M2P substrates in 2% solution (NH4)2SO4 + 0.5% NaCl, brass L68 M2R EPP polished with 2% solution (NH4)2SO4 + 0.5% NaCl as well as steel 12X18N9T have been presented. Both anodic and cathodic treatment processes were used for EPP. Electrolytic-plasma boriding (EPB) was also used for surface strengthening and surface texturing of 12X18N9T stainless steel. After treatment with a borax solution, two additional peaks appear in the XRD patterns of the samples in addition to the Fe-α ferrite peaks. These peaks refer to iron borate FeBO3 (hexagonal lattice) with lattice parameters a = 4.659Å; c = 14.601Å. It was shown that microhardness of the stainless steel of the 12Х18Н9Т type after EPB processing increased from 130 to 500 kg/mm2.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE BEHAVIOR OF NEGATIVE IONS IN A HIGH-FREQUENCY CAPACITIVE DISCHARGE IN CARBON DIOXIDE
Authors: Lisovskiy V. , Dudin S. , Shakhnazarian A. , Platonov P. , Yegorenkov V.
Published: December 2024

In the present work, the dynamics of axial profiles of negative ions and the degree of electronegativity a = Nn / Ne of different parts of the RF capacitive discharge in carbon dioxide are investigated using the SIGLO-rf fluid code. Time-averaged axial profiles of densities of electrons Ne, positive Np and negative Nn ions are also obtained in a wide range of gas pressures and applied RF voltages. It is shown that at a sufficiently high gas pressure (1 Torr and higher), the quasi-neutral plasma consists predominantly of positive and negative ions. The degree of electroneutrality a is about several tens and decreases with increasing RF voltage. Because of oscillations in the RF electric field, electrons are ejected every half-period from a near-electrode sheath to the sheath near the opposite electrode being the temporary anode. This leads to a significant increase in the degree of electronegativity in the
sheath abandoned by the electrons. At low carbon dioxide pressures (below 0.17 Torr), the plasma consists predominantly of electrons and positive ions with a very low negative ion density, and the degree of electronegativity is significantly less than unity.
RESULTS ON THE VARIABILITY AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE FLOWERING PERIOD AT THE WALNUT GENOTYPES FROM THE RIFG PITESTI COLLECTION
Authors: Untaru Aurelian Valentin , Botu Mihai , Stefan Untaru Roxana Ionela , Stan Adelina
Published: December 2024

At the walnut, the flowering period is variable depending on the variety. The flowering of female and male flowers on the same tree is offered over time, which favors dichogamy. This paper presents the results regarding the flowering period of 45 walnut accessions from the RIFG Pitesti collection. The results showed that, out of a total of 45 genotypes studied, 29 are protandrous (64.4%), 12 are protogynous (26.6%) and 4 are homogamous (9%). Regarding the flowering time, in the climatic conditions from RIFG Pitești, in the spring of 2023, at the walnut varieties studied, on average the beginning of flowering of the male flowers took place between the third decade of April and the first decade of May, in time what the beginning of the flowering of female flowers took place in about the same period, but a few days later. Thus, were noticed by early to middle flowering, varieties such as ‘Şuşiţa’, ‘Peştişani’, ‘Novaci’, ‘Recea’, ‘Secular’, ‘Schinoasa’, ‘Victoria’, ‘Vlădești’, and by medium to late flowering, varieties such as ‘Argeşan’, ‘Ciprian Ion’, ‘Geoagiu 265’, ‘Jupânești’, ‘Mihaela’, ‘Roxana’, ‘Sarmis’, ‘Sibişel 44’, ‘Velniţa’, ‘Orastie’. Also the foreign varieties (‘Hartley’ and ‘Tehama’) have noticed by late flowering.
IN VITRO REGENERATION EFFICIENCY OF SOME TURKISH PEPPER GENOTYPES
Authors: Pinar Hasan , Uzun Aydin
Published: December 2024

Pepper is one of the important vegetables consumed in different ways in the world Pepper cultivation is done in many regions of our country. Recently, tissue culture methods have been used to increase yield and quality and to obtain plants resistant to diseases and pests. The basic system used in plant tissue culture processes and genetic improvements is plant regeneration. Tobacco and petunia became a model for the study of certain aspects of modern biotechnology and molecular biology about thirty years ago. Additionally, transgenic tomato and eggplant varieties have been introduced to the market and have reached the stage of different field trials. However, pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is a little behind the age of advanced biotechnology and transgenic breeding. In this study, it was aimed to determine the regeneration efficiency using some local Turkish pepper genotypes. In the study, 15 pepper genotypes grown as standard in Turkey were used and callus formation from explants of the genotypes and transformation from callus to plant were examined. According to the obtained results, callus formation among pepper genotypes was between 0-60%, while the transformation from callus to plant was between 0-25%. Results of present study may contribute to gene transfer studies and micropropagation studies in pepper.
Curriculum Development and the Challenges of Foreign Language Teachers in Pre-University Education in Albania
Authors:   Head of the Department of German Language, Faculty of Foreign Languages, University of Tirana, Albania, Bushi Prof. Assoc. Dr. Jonida , Neçaj Prof. Assoc. Dr. Ledi ,   Head of the Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Technical Medical Sciences, University of Medicine, Albania
Published: December 2024

The importance of learning foreign languages has reached new dimensions in today’s globalized world. Foreign language skills have become a fundamental requirement for successful international communication and interaction. Europe, as part of these global developments, aims to establish itself as a unified economic, cultural, and linguistic entity. Therefore, a united Europe places significant emphasis on promoting foreign language education, based on new pedagogical principles and the best global and European practices, implemented through various reform projects. The goal is to improve citizens’ language proficiency and strengthen intercultural communication.

In particular, Albania has recognized the importance of foreign language education since the 1990s and acknowledged the need to reform curricula to equip Albanian citizens with the best European qualifications. These reforms aim to modernize foreign language education and adapt it to current needs and standards. Moreover, they promote Albania’s European integration and strengthen national identity within the European context by educating students to be open-minded and culturally competent citizens. This significantly contributes to the social and economic development of the country. Our article will examine how these goals have been achieved and what the curriculum reforms specifically entail.
Customer Relationship Management Systems and the Mediating Role of Digitalization in Philippine Real Estate Marketing
Authors:   De La Salle University - Dasmariñas Graduate Program College of Business Administration and Accountancy, Yu Zhao
Published: December 2024

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KBRN kapsamında acil sağlık hizmetlerinin durumu: Sistematik bir inceleme
Authors: Bulut Yücel , Nazlıgül Atakan , Kazan Gülse , Can İclal , Aycan Demirel Kübra
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ilgili yazında Kimyasal, Biyolojik, Radyasyon ve Nükleer (KBRN) ve acil sağlık hizmetlerini (ASH) inceleyen çalışmaların durum analizlerini yapmak olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, nitel araştırma yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Çalışmada, acil sağlık hizmetleri ve KBRN kelimeleri anahtar kelimeler olarak belirlenmiştir. Ocak 2020 ve Eylül 2024 tarihleri arasında Google Akademik veri tabanında sistematik yazın taraması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Arama kriterlerine uymayan çalışmalar çıkarıldıktan sonra 5 adet çalışma örneklem olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmalar, özet, anahtar kelimeler, yıllara göre dağılım, araştırma yöntem teknikleri açısından incelenmiştir.  Araştırma sonuçlarına göre en fazla çalışma 2021 yılında yapılmış olup çalışmalar hastane öncesi çalışanlarının; tutum, öz yeterlilik, sorumlulukları, kişisel koruyucu donanım kullanımı, beceri durumu, farkındalık düzeyi ve olay yönetimi konuları üzerine yapılmıştır. Anahtar kelimeler içerisinde en fazla KBRN kelimesi ve hastane öncesi acil sağlık hizmetleri kelimeleri geçmektedir. Çalışmaların %80’ı nicel araştırma olup %20’ı nitel çalışmadır. Acil sağlık hizmetleri çalışanlarının KBRN vakalarında deneyim ve öz yeterlilikleri, tutumlarını etkilemektedir. Vakalardaki tecrübe ve bilgi yeterliliği durumları, kaza esnasındaki tutumları; kazazede, duruma müdahale ve kontrol altına alma becerisi ile doğrudan bağlantılı olup çalışan güvenliği açısından da yüksek önem taşımaktadır.
Klinik liderliğin örgütsel dayanıklılık üzerindeki etkisinde psikolojik güvenlik ve grup bağlılığının rolü
Authors: Terlemez Bahriye , Kocaman Ersin , Baç Adnan , Kürtül Örtlek Meryem , Kalaner Ayten
Published: December 2024

Bu araştırmada, bir kamu hastanesindeki hekimler ve hemşireler bağlamında klinik liderlik, örgütsel dayanıklılık, psikolojik güvenlik ile grup bağlılığı arasındaki dinamiklerin analiz edilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu araştırma, temel değişkenler arasındaki ilişkileri ve hastane bağlamında belirli gruplar arasındaki farklılıkları incelemeyen; tanımlayıcı, ilişki arayıcı niceliksel bir araştırma tasarımına sahiptir. Araştırma örneklemini bir kamu hastanesinde çalışan 200 hekim ve hemşire oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Klinik Liderlik Ölçeği, Psikolojik Güvenlik Ölçeği, Grup Bağlılığı Ölçeği ve Örgütsel Dayanıklılık Ölçeği olmak üzere beş bölümden oluşan anket formu kullanılarak veri toplanmıştır. Anket tekniği ile elde edilen veriler, SPSS 21.0 paket programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatiksel metotlar kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın gerçekleştirilebilmesi için etik kurul ve kurum izni alınmıştır. Hekim ve hemşirelerin Liderlik ve yöneticilik eğitimlerine katılım oranları düşüktür.  Kadınlar örgütsel dayanıklılıkta daha yüksek puana sahiptir. Hekimlerin psikolojik güvenlik algısı hemşirelere göre daha yüksek düzeydedir. Evli katılımcıların örgütsel dayanıklılık ve grup bağlılığı puanları daha yüksektir. Yaş, eğitim düzeyi ve iş deneyimine göre klinik liderlikte önemli farklılıklar bulunmaktadır. Uzun çalışma saatleri ve gece vardiyaları psikolojik güvenliği ve grup uyumunu olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Yöneticilik eğitimi almayan katılımcıların daha yüksek puanlara sahiptir. Örgütsel dayanıklılık, psikolojik güvenlik ve grup bağlılığı arasında olumlu etkileşimler vardır. Klinik liderlik ile bu değişkenler arasındaki ilişki daha sınırlıdır. Araştırma sonuçları, mevcut ve gelecekteki zorlukların üstesinden gelmek için sağlık hizmetlerinde liderliği ve yönetimi geliştirmek, dayanıklılığı ve etkili iş birliğini teşvik etmek için uygulamaya yönelik stratejiler sunarken, hastanelerin örgütsel dinamiklerine ilişkin anlayışın geliştirilmesi gerekliliğini ifade etmektedir.
Validity and reliability study of women’s violence perception scale (WVPS)
Authors: Polat Mehtap
Published: December 2024

The types of behaviour women in Turkey perceive in their marital union as violence was attempted to be determined by "Women's Violence Perception Scale- WVPS” which was developed in this study. According to the data obtained from this scale, which reveals the perception of domestic violence, the perceptions of violence of the study group and their sensitivity to violence were found to be very high. With convenience sampling, 510 participants were reached through social media accounts of various women's organizations. On the other hand, as a result of the reliability calculation of the scale, the alpha value was found to be 0.98. It is seen that WVPS explains a very high rate of 83.91% of total variance. As a result of the factor analysis, it was revealed that the scale consists of 5 dimensions: physical, sexual, psychological, verbal and economic violence. By applying the Confirmatory Factor to the scale, the five-dimensional structure obtained by exploratory factor analysis was tested. In addition to the Confirmatory Factor Analysis results, the fit indices obtained with the Exploratory Factor Analysis results were at the desired levels. With this study, it was revealed that the Women's Violence Perception Scale was reliable and valid.
Anti-corruption efforts in healthcare
Authors: Coskun Benlidayi I.
Published: December 2024

Anti-corruption efforts in healthcare
Comments on the Article Titled “The Regulation of AI Liability in Europe: A Critical Overview of Two Recent Directive Proposals – The (New) AILD and The (Revised) PLD” by Beatriz Garcia
Authors: de Lemos Campos Mariana
Published: December 2024

This commentary expands on Beatriz Garcia’s critique of the
Artificial Intelligence Liability Directive (AILD) and the revised Product
Liability Directive (PLD), focusing on their interaction with the recently
enacted AI Act. Garcia identifies key issues: the PLD’s narrow focus on
software
as a “product” and the AILD’s burdensome
evidentiary
requirements for claimants seeking AI-related compensation. The AI Act,
effective August 2024, establishes a risk-based regulatory framework
prioritizing harm prevention over liability. While fostering innovation
through regulatory sandboxes, it
lacks civil compensation mechanisms,
creating regulatory gaps. Case studies—an autonomous vehicle fatality and
discriminatory AI hiring practices—highlight the difficulties of applying AILD
and PLD frameworks, particularly in addressing non-physical harm and the
“black box” nature of AI systems. This analysis underscores a disconnect
between the AI Act’s harm-prevention focus and the liability frameworks,
favoring companies while complicating compensation for
individuals. A
recalibrated regulatory approach is needed to align innovation with
accountability.
Improving Data Governance Through Automated Processes in Financial Services
Authors:   USA, Manigonda Srujana
Published: December 2024

Data governance plays a crucial role in ensuring compliance, managing risks, and maintaining operational efficiency in the financial services industry.
However, managing large volumes of data and adhering to strict regulatory requirements can be challenging. This paper explores the impact of
automating data governance processes to address these challenges. By leveraging automated pipelines for metadata validation, ownership management,
and data quality checks, financial institutions can significantly reduce manual intervention, improve data accuracy, and ensure consistent compliance
with governance policies. Additionally, the implementation of centralized dashboards for real-time monitoring of data governance metrics enhances
transparency, accountability, and decision-making. The paper highlights the benefits of automation in enhancing efficiency, scalability, and sustainability
of data governance frameworks, offering valuable insights for financial services organizations looking to strengthen their data governance practices in an
increasingly data-driven regulatory environment.
The Future of US Economy
Authors:   Designation Independent Researcher, Srivastava Ankit
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this research paper is to look at the future US economy, and see what will determine how it will grow and develop in the years to come. The
article is based on an in depth review of four sources, all of which have something to say about where the US economy is right now and where it could go in
the future. The US economy has long served as a bedrock of economic globalization that drives commerce, technology and foreign policy. This is a report
on how the U.S. economy is performing right now and how it reflects GDP growth, unemployment, inflation, and trade balance. But also, it covers emerging
trends, challenges and opportunities to help understand the driving forces behind the future direction of the U.S. economy. Lastly, the paper looks at what
the policy, technology and international environment might mean for the U.S. economy
Efficiency of partial replacement of macro fertilisers with nano chelates for spring wheat
Authors: Kalenska S. M. , Novytska N. V. , Melnychenko V. V. , Chubko O. P. , Feshchenko V. V.
Published: December 2024

Purpose. To determine the effect of partial replacement of basic macro fertilisers with nano chelate micro fertilisers (NCMF) on the spring wheat productivity.
Methods. The study was conducted in 2019–2020 at the Plant Breeding Department of the National University of Bioresources and Nature Management of Ukraine (Kyiv). Field experiments were carried out at the educational and scientific laboratory Demonstration and Collection Crop Field. Laboratory analyses were performed at the laboratories Quality of Seeds and Planting Material and Analytical Studies in Crop Production. Nano chelate micro fertilisers were used according to the replacement scheme developed by the manufacturer (Innoparmis Agroscience SRL) in two stages: at the beginning of the stem emergence (BBCH 30–32) and at the beginning of grain filling (BBCH 71–75). A single plot area was 2 m2 in six replications.
Results. Partial replacement of the application rate with nano chelate micro fertilisers can have a positive effect on wheat yield and compensate for up to 30% of the application rate of each of the macronutrients. In the block of replacing mineral nitrogen with nano chelate micro fertilisers, the highest reliable yield reached 3.97 t/ha in the N40 + NCMF treatment with a 16.7% decrease in yield relative to control 2. In the block of phosphorus substitution, the average yield was lower and reached the maximum value of 3.52 t/ha in the treatments P40 + NCMF and P30 + NCMF. In the block of potassium replacement, yield reduction was even more significant: it did not exceed 3.2 t/ha. A significant decrease of the 1000-kernel weight by 3.7–13.1% was recorded in each of the blocks of macronutrient replacement: 40–41 g for application of only N; 37–40 g for applying only phosphorus or potassium.
Conclusions. In the fertilization system for grain crops (for example, wheat), it is possible to replace nitrogen fertilisers with nano chelate micro fertilisers by 25–30%, phosphorus and potassium by up to 40% of the recommended rate of mineral fertilisers. The yield values in these cases were 3.97 t/ha (N40 + NCMF), 3.52 t/ha (P40 + NCMF), and 3.24 t/ha (K40 + NCMF).