bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Floop: An efficient video coding flow for unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors: Su Yu , Cheng Qianqian , Wang Shuijie , Zhou Jian , Qiu Yuhe
Published: November 2022

Under limited transmission conditions, many factors affect the efficiency of video transmission. During the flight of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), frequent network switching often occurs, and the channel transmission condition changes rapidly, resulting in low‐video transmission efficiency. This paper presents an efficient video coding flow for UAVs working in the 5G nonstandalone network and proposes two bit controllers, including time and spatial bit controllers, in the flow. When the environment fluctuates significantly, the time bit controller adjusts the depth of the recursive codec to reduce the error propagation caused by excessive network inference. The spatial bit controller combines the spatial bit mask with the channel quality multiplier to adjust the bit allocation in space to allocate resources better and improve the efficiency of information carrying. In the spatial bit controller, a flexible mini graph is proposed to compute the channel quality multiplier. In this study, two bit controllers with end‐to‐end codec were combined, thereby constructing an efficient video coding flow. Many experiments have been performed in various environments. Concerning the multi‐scale structural similarity index and peak signal‐to‐noise ratio, the performance of the coding flow is close to that of H.265 in the low bits per pixel area. With an increase in bits per pixel, the saturation bottleneck of the coding flow is at the same level as that of H.264.
Use of Point-of-Care Handheld Ultrasound for Splenomegaly in United States–Bound Refugees: A Novel Technology with Far-Reaching Implications
Authors: Kummer Tim , Medley Alexandra M. , Klosovsky Alexander , Mann Erin , Mburu Patricia , Ekernas Karen , Bonass Betty , Stauffer Jacob C. , Walukaga Stewart , Weinberg Michelle , Dunlop Stephen J. , Stauffer William M.
Published: November 2022

Ultrasound (US) is an invaluable clinical tool. New point-of-care US technology holds great promise for hard-to-reach and mobile populations such as refugees. The implementation of US in unique and challenging settings has been hindered by cost, fragility of equipment, need for uninterrupted electricity, training, and difficulty in sharing data/image files impeding quality assurance. The recent development of more flexible, durable, high-quality, low-cost, handheld US technology has offered increased potential to address many of these barriers. We describe a pilot program using a new point-of-care US technology to identify and monitor splenomegaly in United States–bound Congolese refugees. This experience and model may hold lessons for planning and development of similar approaches in other hard-to-reach mobile populations.
The stranger loops of translation
Authors: Marais Kobus
Published: November 2022

This paper responds to criticism of some of my work by Douglas Robinson. After pointing out some factual problems in his response, I agree with Robinson that my 2014 views on agency and com­plexity can be expanded, and show how I have done so since then. I then engage with the kind of hermeneutics Robinson uses in his response to my work, arguing that it is a contextless, affect-driven hermeneutics that bases too much of its argument on matters of identity. I try to explain what I find problematic with constructivist arguments, and to offer a complexity approach that overcomes the binary between idealism and realism. I also question Robinson’s claim that he needs to ‘correct’ me where I am ‘wrong’, relating this strange loop in his hermeneutics to his own epistemological stance.
Caracteristiques des systemes de culture a base d’anacardier dans les zones de production de l’anacarde de la Côte D’Ivoire
Authors: Letto A.K.Y.C. , Djaha A.J.B. , Fondio L. , Kouakou T.H. , Haba J.F. , Adiko .O.Y. , Ballo A. , N’gou C.P. , Doumbia D.
Published: November 2022

L’anacardier (Anacardium occidentale L.) est un arbre aux intérêts multiples et variés, qui contribue au développement socio-économique de la Côte d’Ivoire. Si les premières plantations étaient destinées à lutter contre la dégradation de l’environnement dans les régions de savane, l’anacarde est aujourd’hui devenu une véritable culture de rente dans le pays. L’objectif de cette étude était de caractériser les systèmes de culture à base d’anacardier (caractéristiques sociales et agronomiques) en Côte d’Ivoire, en vue de favoriser leur amélioration. Pour ce faire, une enquête a été menée auprès de 1182 producteurs d’anacarde, répartis dans quatre zones de production (Centre, Nord, Nord-Est et Nord-Ouest). Les résultats ont montré que les producteurs d’anacarde sont majoritairement des exploitants dont la moyenne d’âge est comprise entre 45 et 50 ans, avec une prédominance d’hommes. La plupart des producteurs pratiquent la rotation des combinaisons de cultures au stade juvénile des arbres (< 10 ans). En outre, les rotations de cultures varient selon les zones agro-écologiques. Globalement, les céréales sont la principale culture dans les rotations dans le Nord (67,5%) et le Nord-Ouest (74,8%), avec une prédominance du maïs. En revanche, les tubercules, avec l’igname en tête, dominent les rotations dans les zones du Centre (59,8 %) et du Nord-Est (78,8 %) du pays.
Temporal changes in limno-morphometric characteristics in a floodplain lake within Cross River ecosystem during low water period
Authors: Nwonumara G. N. , Okogwu O. I.
Published: November 2022

Iyieke Lake is one of the floodplain lakes within the middle reaches of the Cross River, it is a major foraging and breeding site of several fish species. It is not directly connected to any river, so the water level depends on seasonal inundation by the Cross River. With gradual changes in precipitation and consequent alteration in flooding pattern, and increased agricultural activities around the lake, there are indications of steady annual decline in water level and quality, and lake area. In order to understand the effect of these changes on the aquatic biota, the morphology and some limnological parameters of the lake were studied during low water period (March-May) in 2005, 2011 and 2019 at interval of 6.5 years. Water samples were collected from the lake and the limno-morphological parameters measured at the littoral and limnetic zones of the lake following standard procedures. The results showed that monthly rainfall was significantly (p<0.05) lower in 2019 compared to 2005 and 2011, while minimum and maximum temperature trended conversely (p<0.05). The mean total dissolved solids (TDS) increased from 13.00mg/l in 2005 to 39.33mg/l in 2019 and conductivity trended the same. Mean nitrate (0.92mg/l) and phosphate (1.78mg/l) were higher in 2019 compared to 2005 and 2011. Contrarily, transparency decreased from 0.45m in 2005 to 0.19m in 2019. Similarly, mean dissolved oxygen (3.80mg/l), maximum length (443.20m) and width (314.50m) declined significantly toward 2019 (p<0.05). Lake length, transparency, conductivity and TDS that were seemingly good predictors of water deterioration could be useful in modelling, which is vital in conserving the biodiversity of the Cross River floodplain ecosystem.
Bird feathers as a non-invasive method for ecotoxicological monitoring; a rapid review
Authors: Adeogun A. O , Chukwuka A. V , Fadahunsi A. A , Okali K. D , Oluwakotanmi P. G , Ibor O. R , Emasoga P. , Egware T. U
Published: November 2022

The decline in animal population with resulting risk of eventual disruption of ecosystem functioning has necessitated moves towards non-invasive sampling methods for ecotoxicological studies. These efforts have focused on developing sampling methodologies geared towards prioritizing conservation of biodiversity. Using a rapid review approach, 106 articles covering peer-reviewed studies, theses, and manuscripts under peer-review quantifying contaminants in feathers were examined. Meta-analysis of extracted information (n=91) revealed that most studies on feather contaminants originate from Europe (47.6 %) and Asia (32.9%), with a higher occurrence of such studies between 2015 and 2020. The most utilized feather-type across studies were body feathers (28.6%) and tail feathers (20%). Majority of the studies (60.5%) used feathers alone to estimate contaminant exposure and uptake; 14.8% used feathers and blood, while 12.3% used feathers and soft tissues (liver, kidney, muscle etc.). Inferences from the review reveal that feathers as a non-invasive sampling method provide advantages by having contaminant concentrations that are relatable with internal organs of birds, captures information on ambient contaminant concentrations based on exogenous contributions and application for historic studies. However, some available data indicate that selective uptake of some metals in organs of species could significantly reduce the number of contaminants stored in feathers and may limit its accuracy for biomonitoring. Furthermore, the different degrees of external deposition of persistent organic contaminants (PCBs, PBDEs, etc) onto the feather surface due to differential degradability/metabolization may limit the use of feathers to estimate exogenous effects. Nonetheless, while feathers have been used successfully as a non-invasive method for ecotoxicological monitoring of metals, metalloids and organic pollutants, knowledge on bird ontogeny and contaminant-specific trends in feathers could improve the accuracy of monitoring. Further efforts towards broadening the impact and advancement of this field method in future studies of avian research especially in developing countries is recommended.
Project-Based Hybrid Learning; Effectiveness, Quality of Writing A Thesis Proposal, Independence, and Learning Satisfaction
Authors: Thamrin Thamrin , Hutasuhut Saidun , Suharianto Joko , Aditia Reza
Published: November 2022

During the COVID-19 pandemic, it is suspected that educational institutions are facing a decline in the quality of learning because learning cannot take place face-to-face, and teaching materials and learning models applied are still conventional. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the application of project-based hybrid learning in improving the quality of writing thesis proposals for students of the Medan State University (Unimed) Business Education Study Program and see the impact of accompaniment to learning independence and student learning satisfaction. This research method applies quasi-experimental with posttest control group design for experimental and control classes. The research population of all students currently attending the Research Methodology lecture in 2021 is 51, consisting of two classes (A & B). The sample was determined by random sampling, with class A as the experimental class of 26 people and class B as the control class of 25 people. Experimental classes are taught with project-based hybrid learning through Google meet and LMS, and control classes are taught with conventional learning through asynchronous LMS. All participants were tasked with compiling a thesis proposal after finishing the treatment. The difference in the average results of the assessment of the thesis proposals of the two classes was carried out with the Mann-Whitney test because the data were not normally distributed. The results of this study show that the application of project-based hybrid learning is effective in improving the quality of writing thesis proposals, independence, and learning satisfaction.
Job Autonomy and Teacher Career Commitment in Educational
Authors: Mulyana Olievia Prabandini , Izzati Umi Anugerah
Published: November 2022

Study aims to determine the relationship between job autonomy and teacher career commitment in educational. This study used quantitative method and the study design is correlation study. The sampling technique used is accidental sampling to the population of teachers in an educational foundation with minimum a year work period. The participants of this study are 191 teachers from educational background. The data collection used job autonomy scale and teacher career commitment scale in a likert scale model and data analyzed using a statistical test of product moment correlation with SPSS program. The results of the study shown that there is a significant positive relationship between job autonomy and teacher career commitment. In other words, the higher the autonomy of the job for teacher, the higher their career commitment. Otherwise, the lower the teacher job autonomy, the lower the teacher’s career commitment too. This study shows that job autonomy and career commitment have a significant relationship that can interconnect by each other in term of professional career as teacher.
Film Arşivlerinde Kataloglama ve Sınıflama İçin Kullanılan Uluslararası Standart İlkelerin İncelenmesi
Authors: KARATAŞ Esmeray
Published: November 2022

Film arşivleri hem ülkelerin kültürel mirası hem de sinema tarihi açısından önem taşımaktadır. Film arşivlerine hak ettiği önemin verilmemesi ve uluslararası standartlara göre inşa edilmemesi sonucu yok olan filmler bulunmaktadır. Bu makale Türkiye’de ve dünyada film arşivciliği konusunda yapılan çalışmaları kütüphanecilik perspektifinden belgesel kaynak analizi yöntemi ile araştırmayı amaçlamıştır. Araştırma esnasında film arşivciliğinin en temel sorunlarından birinin filmlerin kataloglanması ve sınıflanması ile ilgili çalışmalar olduğu görülmüştür. Bir filme arşivde kolayca erişilebilmesi ve o filmin ulusal/uluslararası görünürlüğünün sağlanması için standart ilke ve esaslara uygun biçimde kataloglanması ve sınıflanması gerekmektedir. Bu nedenle bu çalışma ile filmlerin kataloglanması ve sınıflanması için kullanılabilecek uluslararası standart ilkeler incelenmiştir. İncelemede Uluslararası Film Arşivleri Federasyonu (FIAF: The International Federation of Film Archives) ve Avrupa Standartlar Komitesi’nin (CEN: European Committee for Standardization) bu alanda en kapsamlı çalışmayı yapan kurumlar olduğu tespit edilmiştir. CEN ve FIAF’ın üyesi olan ülkelerdeki konu uzmanlarından oluşan çeşitli komisyonları bulunmaktadır. Çalışmada, bu komisyonların ürettiği dokümanlar temel alınarak filmlerin kataloglanması ve sınıflanmasında kullanılan uluslararası standart ilke ve esaslar ortaya konulmuştur.
Penerapan Model Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) terhadap Pemahaman Konsep Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (IPA) pada Siswa Kelas IV SDN 28 Kelakik
Authors: Dewi Selvia , Apsari Nurul , Lestari Novika
Published: November 2022

Abstract: The purpose of this research was diagnotic students understanding of the science concept. This study was aimed at determining the differences in understanding the concept of science before and after applying the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) model to students of elementary of SDN 28 Kelakik.The research design is an experimental study using the design of one group pretest and posttest. The data collection technique used is a test. The instruments used is the pretest and posttest test for understanding of concepts of science. The data analysis using one sample hypothesis testing (T-test). The study results implementation of Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) model in the learning of science obtained cognitive abilities result understanding students concepts pretes given treatment  was found still many students have low cognitive abilities and posttest given treatment found students with high cognitive abilities. (thitung = 39,70 ttabel = 1,71). So, there is the average concept understanding is higher than the Minimum Completeness Criteria after posttest applying the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) model.Keywords: Concept of understanding, contextual teaching and learning (CTL) model, natural sciencesAbstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pemahaman konsep Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (IPA) sebelum dan sesudah menerapkan model Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) pada siswa kelas IV SDN 28 Kelakik. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan menggunakan one group pretest posttest design. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah tes. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu lembar soal pretest dan posttest untuk mengetahui pemahaman konsep IPA. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji hipotesis (uji t) satu sampel. Hasil penelitian dengan menerapkan model Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) dalam pembelajaran IPA diperoleh hasil kemampuan kognitif pemahaman konsep siswa sebelum (pretest) diberi perlakuan ditemukan masih banyak siswa yang tingkat kemampuan kognitifnya rendah dan setelah (posttest) diberi perlakuan ditemukan siswa yang tingkat kemampuan kognitifnya tinggi. (t-hitung = 39,70 t-tabel = 1,71). Jadi, terdapat rata-rata pemahaman konsep lebih tinggi dari pada Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM) sesudah  (posttest) menerapkan model Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL).Kata-kata kunci: Pemahaman konsep, model contextual teaching and learning (CTL), IPA
Analisis Kandungan Besi pada Air Tanah Bansir Darat Pontianak Tenggara
Authors: Sahputra Rachmat
Published: November 2022

Abstract: The difficulty in getting clean water from the residents of Southeast Pontianak's Bansir Darat requires information regarding the iron content are contained in wells in the area. Determination of iron content using the Atomic Absorption Spectophotometer (AAS) method is based on the atomization of iron compounds in solution in a low pH (pH 2-5). The iron compound will be atomized with flame on AAS to produce emission rays that produce a wavelength of 248.3 nm for Fe which is captured by the detector which is then digitally converted to produce iron content by comparing it with the appropriate iron standard series in the sample content range, 0.00; 0.20; 0.80; 1,2; and 1.6 mg / L Fe. The results of the analysis show that the depth of the well in the Southeast Pontianak area of Bansir Darat resulted in differences in iron content. For shallow wells 3 m have a content of 0.91 mg/L, while wells with a depth of 22 m show an iron content of 0.09 mg / L. The deeper the well is from the ground, the iron content is lower than the shallow well.Keywords: Analysis of iron content, well water, AAS, Bansir Darat of Southeast PontianakAbstrak: Kesulitan air bersih dari warga Bansir Darat Pontianak Tenggara, memerlukan informasi terkait kandungan besi yang terkandung dalam sumur-sumur di wilayah tersebut. Penentuan kandungan besi menggunakan metoda Atomic Absorption Spectofotometer (AAS) berdasarkan pada atomisasi dari senyawa besi dalam larutan dalam suasana pH rendah pH 2-5. Senyawa besi akan teratomisasi dengan Nyala pada AAS  menghasilkan sinar emisi yang menghasilkan panjang gelombang 248,3 nm untuk Fe yang ditangkap detektor yang selajutnya dikonversi secara digital menghasilkan kandungan besi dengan membandingkan dengan deret standar besi yang sesuai dalam range kandungan sampel yaitu 0,00; 0,20; 0,80; 1,2; dan 1,6 mg/L Fe. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kedalaman sumur di wilayah Bansir Darat Pontianak Tenggara menghasilkan perbedaan kandungan besi. Untuk sumur dangkal 3 m memiliki kandungan 0,91 mg/L, sedangkan sumur dengan kedalaman 22 m menunjukkan hasil kandungan besi 0,09 mg/L. Semakin dalam sumur dari permukaan tanah kandungan besinya lebih rendah daripada sumur yang dangkal.Kata-kata kunci: Analisis kandungan besi, air sumur, ASS, Bansir Darat Pontianak Tenggara
Assessment Literasi Sains Dimensi Kompetensi pada Materi Pamanasan Global
Authors: Setiawani Evi , Apsari Nurul , Lestari Novika
Published: November 2022

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to describe the scientific literacy ability of the competency dimension in the material of global warming class XI MIPA and XI IIS.  This research uses quantitative methods with descriptive analysis techniques. The research sample was 30 students of class XI MIPA and 30 students of class XI IIS at Bhakti Setia Nanga Pinoh High School in the 2019/2020 school year.  The research instrument used was a scientific literacy test taken from the book Take the Test: Sample Question from the OECD's PISA Assessment.  The results of the analysis show the scientific literacy ability of the competency dimension in class XI MIPA with the highest percentage achievement being the indicator explaining the potential implications of scientific knowledge for the community by 63% and the lowest achievement being the indicator identifying the questions discussed in a scientific study by 37%.  Whereas the scientific literacy ability profile of the competency dimension in class XI IIS with the highest percentage achievement was in the indicators drawing conclusions based on data with a percentage of 43% and the lowest achievement was in the indicator explaining how to explore the questions scientifically given by 23%.  Thus, the need for learning and evaluation processes based on scientific literacy assessment of competency dimensions.Keywords: Scientific literacy, assessment, competence, global warmingAbstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan kemampuan literasi sains dimensi kompetensi pada materi pemanasan global kelas XI MIPA dan XI IIS. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Kuantitatif dengan teknik Analisis Deskriptif. Sampel penelitian adalah 30 siswa kelas XI MIPA dan 30 siswa kelas XI IIS di SMA Bhakti Setia Nanga Pinoh pada tahun ajaran 2019/2020. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah soal tes literasi sains yang diambil dari buku Take the Test: Sample Question from the OECD's PISA Assessment. Hasil analisis memperlihatkan kemampuan literasi sains dimensi kompetensi pada kelas XI MIPA dengan capaian persentase tertinggi berada pada indikator menjelaskan implikasi potensial pengetahuan ilmiah bagi masyarakat sebesar 63% dan capaian terendah berada pada indikator mengidentifikasi pertanyaan yang dibahas dalam sebuah penelitian ilmiah sebesar 37%. Sedangkan profil kemampuan literasi sains dimensi kompetensi pada kelas XI IIS dengan capaian persentase tertinggi berada pada indikator menarik kesimpulan berdasarkan data dengan persentase sebesar 43% dan capaian terendah berada pada indikator menjelaskan cara mengeksplorasi pertanyaan yang diberikan secara ilmiah sebesar 23%. Dengan demikian, perlu adanya proses pembelajaran dan evaluasi berbasis assessment literasi sains dimensi kompetensi.Kata-kata kunci: Literasi sains, assessment, kompetensi, pemanasan global
Soliton and Other Function Solutions of The Potential KdV Equation with Jacobi Elliptic Function Method
Authors: CAVLAK ASLAN Ebru , GÜRGÖZE Leyla
Published: November 2022

The current study is concerned analytical solutions of the nonlinear potential KdV equation. Here, we implemented the Jacobi elliptic function method for soliton, hyperbolic and periodic solutions. Moreover, we illustrate our results with some graphs.
Liberation Education according to Paulo Freire and its Application in Christian Religious Education: A Teacher-Student Education Collaboration
Authors: Keriapy Frets , Tafonao Talizaro
Published: November 2022

Education is an important thing in a society, even a country. Without education, the future of a country will be destroyed (collapsed). Therefore, education must be a serious concern to educate the nation. By using a literature-based qualitative research method, the author examines the pedagogy of liberation promoted by Paulo Freire. Pedagogy of liberation is then applied in Christian Education. From the resulting study, the author found that the pedagogy of liberation can be applied in Christian education to avoid an education system that makes the teacher the center of learning (bank-style education system) so that it can be avoided of oppression action.
Artvin ve Rize İstasyonlarına ait Aylık Toplam Yağış Verilerinin Trendinin Farklı Yöntemlerle Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: GÜMÜŞ Veysel , ŞİMŞEK Oğuz , AÇAR Muhammed Kürşad
Published: November 2022

Artan sera gazı emisyonuna paralel olarak küresel sıcaklık ortalaması da günden güne artmaktadır. Sıcaklıkta meydana gelen değişim başta yağış olmak üzere diğer iklim parametrelerinde değişikliklere neden olmaktadır. Su kaynakları ve tarımsal faaliyetlerin sürdürülebilir olmasında yağışta meydana gelen değişimin belirlenmesi oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesinde bulunan Rize ve Artvin istasyonlarında 1970-2021 yılları arasında elde edilen aylık ortalama yağış değerlerinde meydana gelen değişimin trendi değerlendirilmiştir. Parametrik olmayan Mann-Kendall (MK) ve Spearman Rho (SR) yöntemlerinin yanı sıra, Innovative Trend Significance Test (ITST) ve Innovative Polygon Trend Analysis (IPTA) yöntemleri ile trend analizi yapılmış ve Sen's eğim yöntemi kullanılarak trend eğimi belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, Rize ve Artvin istasyonlarında SR ve MK yöntemleriyle elde edilen sonuçların benzer olduğu iki istasyonda da birbirleriyle aynı sonuçları verdiği görülmüştür. Ayrıca, bu yöntemlerle yapılan analizler sonucunda ise Rize istasyonunda herhangi bir ayda istatiksel olarak anlamlı artan veya azalan trend belirlenemez iken, Artvin istasyonunda ise sadece iki ayda istatiksel olarak anlamlı artan ve azalan trend belirlenmiştir. ITST ve IPTA yöntemleri ise daha fazla ayda anlamlı trend belirlemişler ve trendlerin çoğunun artan yönde olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, IPTA ve ITST yöntemlerinin, MK ve SR yöntemlerine kıyasla trend belirlemede daha hassas olduğu vurgulanmıştır.
SoK: SCA-secure ECC in software – mission impossible?
Authors: Batina Lejla , Chmielewski Łukasz , Haase Björn , Samwel Niels , Schwabe Peter
Published: November 2022

This paper describes an ECC implementation computing the X25519 keyexchange protocol on the Arm Cortex-M4 microcontroller. For providing protections against various side-channel and fault attacks we first review known attacks and countermeasures, then we provide software implementations that come with extensive mitigations, and finally we present a preliminary side-channel evaluation. To our best knowledge, this is the first public software claiming affordable protection against multiple classes of attacks that are motivated by distinct real-world application scenarios. We distinguish between X25519 with ephemeral keys and X25519 with static keys and show that the overhead to our baseline unprotected implementation is about 37% and 243%, respectively. While this might seem to be a high price to pay for security, we also show that even our (most protected) static implementation is at least as efficient as widely-deployed ECC cryptographic libraries, which offer much less protection.
The concept of computer-aided design of railways in the information and digital environment
Authors: Anisimov V. A. , Bulakaeva O. S. , Shkurnikov S. V.
Published: November 2022

The main objective of this work is the need to develop a new technology for automated solution of railway design problems in the information and digital environment.

For this purpose, the methodology of structural system analysis, the theory of systems, and the principle of decomposition are applied. A brief analysis of the terms related to informatization and digitalization is given, and the interpretation of the concept of “information and digital environment” in relation to the tasks of railway design. The key concepts of information modeling of construction objects in the current regulatory documentation of the Russian Federation, the main qualiﬁcation features and advantages of information modeling technology are given.

Based on the results of the analysis of the structure and functionality of existing computer-aided design systems of railways and highways, the sequence of procedures of the existing technology of computer-aided design of roads is determined. The concept of automated solution of railway design problems in the information and digital environment based on the use of information modeling technologies and mathematical optimization methods is proposed. The concept is represented by a functional hierarchical model of a computer-aided design system. For its development, the Data Flow Diagrams functional modeling tool was used.

The proposed concept is the basis for the development of a computer-aided design system, which will allow the implementation of a new technology for computer-aided design of railways, reduce labor costs and deadlines for the development of design solutions, improve their quality and efﬁciency.
Foreign trade as a factor inﬂuencing the development of transnational transport and logistics systems
Authors: Voronov A. A. , Bian Xu
Published: November 2022

BRICS, an international association of countries with the greatest potential for economic growth is an example of a promising international alliance capable of effectively integrating economic interests and processes to provide a serious alternative to the developed countries in terms of the international trade scale and efﬁciency. At the same time, the existing format for discussing intentions and statements requires the targeted institutionalization of economic interactions and the creation of international economic, primarily transport and logistics, systems. These systems should be capable of using advanced transport and logistics concepts in terms of full consumer value chains to ensure effective support for international trade commodity ﬂows based on real-time requests and existing import-export specialization of the participating countries.

The article provides statistical data characterizing the volumes of Russia’s foreign trade with key international partners in non-CIS countries including the BRICS countries. The Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation provided the statistical information in the ﬁeld of foreign trade and its main aspects.

The analysis of existing international commodity ﬂows unequivocally demonstrates a possibility of increasing international trade through the creation of transnational transport and logistics systems capable of ensuring the functioning of international value chains and efﬁcient international exchange.
Efekti primene treninga brzine, agilnosti i hitrine SAQ u sportu
Authors:   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Marinković Dragan B. , Pavlović Slobodan LJ. ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Education, Užice, Pelemiš Vladan M. ,   University of Belgrade, Teacher Education Faculty, Madić Dejan M. ,   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education
Published: November 2022

Speed, agility and quickness are characteristic abilities in many team and individual sports. Recently, a large number of training methods have been used to improve various motor skills. SAQ (speed, agility, quickness) training program combines the development of all three components into one complex training based on their common properties. This review article has considered scientific papers and publications indexed in Pubmed and Web of Science in the period from 2000 to 2022, using the following keywords: SAQ and Speed and Agility and Quickness. On the basis of the research papers considered, the SAQ program has proven to be a method that significantly contributes to the development of speed, agility and quickness in various athletes and recreational athletes. From this review article, it can be concluded that SAQ is an adequate method for training athletes to more efficiently perform various activities in competitive and recreational conditions.
Поведение судна в экстремальных ситуациях на волнении – интеграция в бортовой интеллектуальной системе нового поколения
Authors: Бондарев Виталий Александрович , Рагулина Изумруд Рамазановна
Published: November 2022

Проблемы моделирования поведения судна вообще и в критических ситуациях на волнении, в частности, являются предметом дискуссий на международных конференциях по безопасности мореплавания уже много лет. Именно при исследовании частных случаев, подтвержденных практикой, проявляются критические ситуации бифуркационного характера, о которых проектировщики судов, особенно большого водоизмещения, даже не подозревали. По информации, полученной при испытаниях самоходных радиоуправляемых моделей на естественном волнении, проведенных в бухте Сан-Франциско, выполнено мо-делирование остойчивости. Представлены три характерных случая опрокидыва-ния: полная потеря остойчивости, резонансные режимы и брочинг. Практический интерес при интерпретации поведения судна представляют особенности крена и опрокидывания при полной потере остойчивости и заданном уровне нестационарных внешних возмущений. Анализ математической модели взаимодействия позволил установить некоторые общие закономерности изменения процесса динамического наклонения и опрокидывания судна при полной потере остойчивости, а также характеристик эволюционной динамики при построении модели взаимодействия. Дана характеристика особенностей представленных экстремальных ситуаций, и приведен критериальный базис при их нормировании. Установлено, что килевая качка в условиях параметрического резонанса происходит в режиме, близком к основному резонансу. В результате допустимые углы дифферента превышены, и поэтому амплитуда килевой качки достигает существенных величин. Это позволило определить требования к безопасности судна в режиме "брочинг". Они соответствуют известным физическим закономерностям крена и опрокидывания судна, что подтверждено экспериментальными исследованиями. Анализ динамики судна в режиме "брочинг" выявил катастрофическую ситуацию, возникающую в случае выхода судна из режима "захвата" и попадания его в "потенциальную яму", в состояние полной потери остойчивости.
Incidencia de los smartphone en el desarrollo de la plasticidad cerebral en niños de 0 a 6 años, en un contexto de alta vulnerabilidad
Authors: Tomé José Manuel Salum
Published: November 2022

El proyecto de Investigación que se presenta a continuación apunta esencialmente a una revisión sistemática respecto al uso de los Smartphone en el desarrollo  de la plasticidad cerebral de los niños con edades comprendidas entre 0 y 6 años. Esta revisión estará compuesta de tres grandes categorías de contenido: Intelectuales, actitudinales y conductuales, cada una de las cuales está conformado por un número determinado de Habilidades, las cuales serán expresadas según las distintas revisiones sistemáticas, incluyendo literatura gris, las que darán base y fundamentos teóricos y prácticos que permitirían la deducción de nuevas investigaciones.
Use of Phage Display to Isolate Specific Human Monoclonal Antibody Fragments Against a Potential Target for Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Liew Pei Xiong , Ge Feng , Gullo Charles , Teoh Gerrard KH , Hwang William YK
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Multiple myeloma (MM), a malignancy of plasma cells, accounts for 10% of all haematological malignancies and is currently incurable. Although it can be treated, the disease tends to relapse after several years and becomes increasingly resistant to conventional therapy. Investigations into using humoral therapy for MM are now underway with a view that novel therapeutic agents may provide a more targeted therapy for MM.

Materials and Methods: Here, phage display, a faster and more efficient method compared to classical hybridoma fusion technology, was used as a proof-of-concept to isolate several single-chain Fragment variables (scFv) against Ku86.

Results: Anti-Ku86 polyclonal scFvs biopanning was successful where third round scFvs (A450~1.1) showed a 1/3 increase in binding as compared to the first round scFvs (A450~0.4) with 100ug/mL of antigen (purified human Ku86). Subsequent selection and verification of monoclonal antibodies using third round biopanning revealed 4 good affinity binding clones ranging from A450~0.1 to A450~0.15 on 12.5ug/mL of antigen as compared to low binders (A450~0.07) and these antibodies bind to Ku86 in a specific and dose-dependent manner. Comparative studies were also performed with commercially available murine antibodies and results suggest that 2 of the clones may bind close to the following epitopes aa506-541 and aa1-374.

Conclusions: These studies using phage display provide an alternative and viable method to screen for antibodies quickly and results show that good affinity antibodies against Ku86 have been successfully isolated and they can be used for further studies on MM and form the basis for further development as anti-cancer therapeutic agents.

Key words: Antibody isolation, Ku86, Phage display, ScFv
Stent-assisted Percutaneous Angioplasty for Extra-cranial Carotid Disease: Experience at Singapore General Hospital
Authors: Gogna Apoorva , Lath Narayan , Chang Hui Meng , Tan Bien-Soo , Wong Meng Cheong , Koh Tian Hai , Lim Soo Teik , Myint Austin Htoo Maung , Lim Winston EH
Published: November 2022

Introduction: This study aims to analyse the results of carotid stenting in a tertiary referral centre in Singapore.

Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis of all carotid artery stenting (CAS) cases in a single centre from March 1997 to December 2008 was performed. Sixty successful procedures were performed in 61 patients, with bilateral stenting in 1 patient, and 2 failed procedures. The majority were Chinese (78.7%) and males (77.0%), with a high proportion having hypertension (82.0%) and hypercholesterolaemia (78.7%). The majority (91.8%) of patients were high surgical risk candidates, primarily due to cardiac risk factors. Ten patients (16.4%) had prior neck irradiation for nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and 3 patients each (4.9%) had previous endarterectomy and contralateral occlusion. A distal embolic protection device was used in 71.7% of cases.

Results: Technical success was 96.8%. The 30-day stroke and death rate was 13.8%, comparable to reported results for this high surgical risk population.

Conclusion: CAS is a technically feasible and a relatively safe alternative to endarterectomy to treat extracranial carotid stenosis, especially in patients who are inoperable orat high surgical risk.

Keywords: Carotid stenting, High surgical risk
Clinical Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Pre-surgical Planning – the Singapore General Hospital Experience with the First 30 Patients
Authors: Rumpel Helmut , Chan Ling Ling , Tan Judy SP , Ng Ivan HB , Lim Winston EH
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a neuroradiological technique for the localisation of cortical function. FMRI made its debut in cognitive neuroscience and then eventually to other clinical applications. We report our experience with pre-surgical fMRI on a high field scanner, based purely on a clinical platform.

Materials and Methods: The protocols included motor, auditory, visual and language fMRI. The choice of protocols was dependant on clinical request and lesion locale.

Results: Retrospective analysis and audit of the first 30 consecutive patients over a 12-month period revealed that about 85% of patients had a successful examination. In a pictorial essay, we demonstrate that patients with weakness in performing a motor task showed abnormal activations of the pre-motor and supplementary motor areas.

Conclusion: FMRI data greatly enhances the pre-surgical planning process and the conduct of surgery when it is incorporated into the surgical navigation system in the operating theatre.

Key words: fMRI, Pre-surgical planning, Task activation
Dual Energy CT and Its Use in Neuroangiography
Authors: Hegde Amogh , Chan Ling Ling , Tan Lydia , Illyyas Muhammad , Lim Winston EH
Published: November 2022

The dual energy CT (DECT) technology has been recently employed in the form of two X-ray sources of different energies to enhance the contrast between adjacent structures. Its use in the cardiac arena has been widely highlighted due to the higher temporal resolution. However, it may also be used in the craniocervical and peripheral vasculature for better differentiation between contrast-enhanced vascular lumina and calcified plaques, in the characterisation of ureteric stones, and in the evaluation of hepatic lesions. The objective of this paper is to revisit DECT physics, review the literature and discuss its use in CT neuroangiography with case illustrations from our institution, and impact on dose savings.

Key words: Craniocervical CT angiography, Intracranial aneurysms, Radiation dosage, Vascular stenosis
Effects of the Centrifugal Pump Outlet Blade Angle on Its Internal Flow Field Characteristics under Cavitation Condition
Authors: Wang Y. Y. , Zhao W. G. , Han H. D. , Fan P. J. , Liu Z. L. , Hu J. Q.
Published: November 2022

The outlet blade angle is a key geometrical parameter that governs how the impeller directly influences centrifugal pump performance. Therefore, a reasonable angle selection is crucial. To investigate the effects of the outlet blade angle on centrifugal pump internal flow field characteristics under cavitation conditions, this study employs a combination of a modified SST k-ω turbulent model with a Zwart-Gerber-Belamri cavitation model to perform transient flow simulations. Outlet blade angles of 15°, 20°, 25°, 30°, and 35° were tested. The results indicated that as the outlet blade angle increased, the relative liquid flow angle, vapor volume, and corresponding fraction first increased, then decreased, and finally increased again. Meanwhile, the distribution scope of each stall vortex on the suction surface became smaller, then larger, and smaller again, whereas the scopes of the pressure surfaces grew constantly as the outlet blade angle increased. Pressure fluctuations at all monitored points in the volute became weaker over time, and variations in the pressure fluctuations alternated with the outlet blade angle. The main frequency amplitude increased and the frequency doubling decreased as the outlet blade angle increased. Although the energy corresponding to the main frequency was unstable, it consistently held the dominant position. The duration that cavitation compliance was less than 0 first decreased and then increased as the outlet blade angle increased. For the impeller with an outlet blade angle of 25°, stall vortices accounted for the smallest regions, and the duration of negative cavitation compliance was minimized. In this case, the overall performance of the centrifugal pump was optimal.
Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Pressure Fluctuations of Internal Flow in a High-Speed Centrifugal Blower for Vacuum Cleaner at Low Flow-Rate Conditions
Authors: Chen Y. , Wang Z. , Yang H. , Zhang W. , Wei Y.
Published: November 2022

The steady and unsteady characteristics of the internal flow in a high-speed centrifugal blower are studied by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach at low flow rates. It is demonstrated that as the flow rate decreases, the separation of flow in the blade passage becomes serious, and separated vortexes always occur on the suction surface of the blade which gradually expand and block the passage. The stall cells move downstream and generate vortices at the exit of the passage, resulting serious loss to the performance of the blower. Q-criteria is used to analyze the flow field and explore the evolution of the vortex structure in the impeller. It is further found that strong pressure fluctuations are caused by the rotating stall in the impeller. At the stall conditions, the instability characteristics are particularly obvious. At flow rates of 0.65Qn and 0.47Qn, the pressure fluctuation in the blade passage is dominated by the blade passing frequency, while a lower frequency dominates at 0.26Qn. Moreover, the flow on the suction surface of impeller blades fluctuates substantially. The characteristics of steady flow and unsteady flow can clearly explain the internal flow of centrifugal blower for vacuum cleaners at low-flow conditions, which can be widely used in various engineering designs of vacuum cleaners.
Parameter-Based Design and Analysis of Wind Turbine Airfoils with Conformal Slot Co-Flow Jet
Authors: Ma C. V. , Xu H. Y.
Published: November 2022

A co-flow jet (CFJ), an active flow control method combining blowing and suction control, can effectively suppress the stall of airfoils. However, the streamwise jet channel along the upper surface of a conventional CFJ airfoil reduces the thickness and camber of the baseline, degrading the aerodynamic performance when the jet is inactive. The conformal slot CFJ airfoil was proposed to address this problem, but the design method is still absent. This paper proposed a general design method based on parameters including the slot angle, transition shape and distance of the injection and suction slot. The mechanism of the best parameter was analyzed. The designed conformal slot CFJ airfoil was checked under different jet intensities, and the turbine power curve was predicted when substituting CFJ airfoils for the baseline. Compared with the conventional CFJ airfoil, the designed conformal slot CFJ airfoil has three advantages: eliminating the performance loss when the jet is off, saving jet energy when suppressing the flow separation, and improving the power generation of wind turbines at low wind speeds.
An Investigation of Influence of Windshield Configuration and Train Length on High-Speed Train Aerodynamic Performance
Authors: Adamu A. , Zhang J. , Gidado F. , Wang F.
Published: November 2022

The aerodynamic performance of four train models with different windshield configurations (i.e., internal and/or external) in three train marshalling modes (i.e., 3, 6 and 8-car groups) was numerically investigated in this study. The train's airflow characteristics at Re=2.25×106 were determined using the shear stress transport (SST) k- turbulence model. The results were validated by comparing the pressure distributions and drag forces on the streamlined heads with experimental data. The difference in windshield configuration and train length has a substantial influence on the train’s flow field and surface pressure distribution. For the trains with internal windshields, due to non-uniform geometry, the flow is separated and vortices are formed at the windshield area. The boundary layer profile increases with the increased train length, and its thickness varies with windshield configurations. Asymmetric vortices are formed in the wake at a distance close to the tail car’s nose, except for trains with external windshields. The reduction of the flow velocity as the train length increases causes a reduction of the low pressure near the tail car’s streamline transition, thus causing a decrease in the tail car’s drag and lift forces. Consequently, for trains with external windshields, the head car’s drag increases, whereas the total train drag reduces significantly as the train length increases. Therefore, employing external windshields in all the inter-carriage gap sections, irrespective of the train length, demonstrates a good ability to reduce future train’s aerodynamic drag.
Development of Android-Based Interactive Physics Learning Media for Gas Kinetic Theory Materials
Authors:   Physics Department, Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan – Indonesia, Tanjung Ratna , Sudarma Teguh Febri ,   Physics Department, Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan – Indonesia, Rugaya Rugaya ,   Physics Department, Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan – Indonesia, Sitinjak Parasian ,   Physics Department, Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan – Indonesia, Wahyuni Ida ,   Physics Department, Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan – Indonesia
Published: November 2022

This study aims to produce a decent Android-based interactive physics learning media, to know the user’s response to the learning media and to measure the effectiveness of the learning media. This type of research is development research using a 4-D model with 34 students as research subjects. The instruments used in this study were due diligence questionnaires by experts and physics teachers, student response questionnaires and tests. Based on the results of data analysis, the material expert validation was 96% with very feasible criteria, media expert validation was 96% with very feasible criteria and the physics teacher’s assessment was 80% with feasible criteria. Student responses to small group tests with 10 respondents obtained effective (2.8), productive (3), safe (2.9) and satisfied (3) results. Whereas in the large group test with 34 respondents the results were effective (3.12), productive (3.25), safe (3.01) and satisfied (3.17). Based on the calculation of the gain value, learning media is included in the medium category in the effectiveness of increasing students’ conceptual understanding with a value of 0.6.