bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA: ‘UMA MODALIDADE PARA A FORMAÇÃO DO PROFESSOR LEIGO DA ZONA RURAL DO MUNICÍPIO DE IRANDUBA NO ESTADO DO AMAZONAS’
Authors: COSTA DE OLIVEIRA MARCIEL
Published: May 2021

Esta tese realiza uma investigação acerca da educação à distância e a formação de professores leigos no município de Iranduba - AM. Compreende-se que no contexto contemporâneo, a educação vem acompanhando a evolução da sociedade global, incorporando as tecnologias da informação e comunicação no processo educativo. Neste sentido, a modalidade da educação à distância alcançou uma grande expansão na contemporaneidade, permitindo um maior acesso de pessoas ao ensino superior, especialmente na formação de professores. O objetivo geral deste trabalho consiste em: Analisar a modalidade de Educação a Distância como uma alternativa para formação professores leigos da zona rural do município de Iranduba no Estado do Amazonas. Os Objetivos específicos são: Apresentar algumas características do professor leigo da zona rural do município de Iranduba - AM; Descrever a Política de Educação a Distância no Brasil e no Amazonas; Identificar as ações propostas e implementadas pelo Instituto Educacional Guido-IEG para a formação do professor leigo da zona rural de Iranduba no Estado do Amazonas, diante das determinações da LDB de N° 9.394/96 e da Lei 9.424/96. Para realização desta pesquisa, inicialmente realizou-se um mapeamento bibliográfico com seleção de livros, artigos, teses, revistas eletrônicas e legislação que abordam a presente temática, o que forneceu subsídios para a elaboração teórica e a pesquisa empírica. Na segunda parte deste trabalho, realizou-se uma pesquisa de campo no município de Iranduba - AM, na Secretaria Municipal de Educação e no Instituto Educacional Guido - IEG, onde utilizou-se de técnicas de pesquisa qualitativa, como: observação, entrevistas e aplicação de questionários, sendo possível o levantamento de dados que enriqueceram a presente pesquisa. Através desta pesquisa, observou que, o processo de formação de professores na contemporaneidade apresenta muitos desafios e demandas, requerendo dos profissionais em formação habilidades, competências, conhecimentos e saberes não somente de sala de aula, como estratégias pedagógicas que facilitem o processo de aprendizagem. Verificou-se que, no contexto atual, as Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação - TIC, estão sendo bastante utilizadas no processo educativo, especialmente da Educação à distância, que tem se apropriado dessas ferramentas para dinamizar o acesso e a comunicação entre os sujeitos envolvidos no processo ensino-aprendizagem. Por fim, aponta-se que, a educação à distância tem propiciado uma democratização do acesso ao ensino superior, pois essa modalidade vem superando o isolamento e barreiras geográficas, permitindo a inclusão de muitos alunos. Os resultados da pesquisa evidenciam a importância da educação à distância, favorecendo o acesso do professor leigo à uma formação em nível superior, o que tem possibilitado uma prática educativa mais efetiva e consequentemente a melhoria do processo ensino-aprendizagem.
SEJARAH PEJUANG BANJAR MENDIRIKAN PEMERINTAH MILITER PADA MASA PERJUANGAN REVOLUSI FISIK
Authors: Sari Irna
Published: May 2021

Revolusi fisik di kalimantan selatan(banjar) adalah sebuah peristiwa perlawanan keras dari masyarakat banjar untuk menentang NICA yang kembali ingin menduduki wilayah kalimantan selatan dan menentang konsep negara federal yang direncanakan oleh Van Mook. Hal ini dikarenakan dalam perjanjian linggarjati, belanda hanya mengakui kekuasaan indonesia secara de facto meliputi jawa, madura, dan sumatera. Persetujuan atau perjanjian linggarjati dalam buku (A.H. Nasution, 1978) merupakan satu tamparan yang terhebat terhadap perjuangan kemerdekaan di kalimantan. Dengan resmi pemerintah republik indonesia melepaskan pulau yang besar yang rakyatnya tidak sudi dipisahkan dari republik indonesia dan berkorban demikian berat untuk tujuan itu. Dengan itu pula belanda dapat memulai ofensif militer dan politiknya yang lebih hebat untuk menekan dan menghancurkan para gerilyawan. Hal ini yang menjadi sebab terjadinya perlawanan hebat masyarakat banjar yang tergabung dalam ALRI Divisi IV pertahanan kalimantan maupun kelaskaran lainnya untuk mengusir NICA. Perjuangan pada masa revolusi fisik pada hakekatnya merupakan reaktualisasi semangat kemerdekaan yang sebenarnya telah ada sejak lama, yakni saat pertama kali masyarakat banjar ingin melepaskan diri dari dominasi bangsa lain. Puncak dari perlawanan tersebut yaitu ketika dikeluarkannya proklamasi 17 mei 1949 yang dipimpin oleh Hassan Basry.
KEPEMIPINAN DALAM POLITIK YANG DI INGINKAN MASYAKAT BANJAR
Authors: Yusup.
Published: May 2021

Dunia memiliki Nagara-Negara yang memiliki Pemimpin yang berkualitas sangat baik dalam kepemimpinannya sebab setiap pemimpin memiliki kerisma,wibawa dan sebagainya yang menjadi suatu pemimpin yang diinginkan setiap orang dalam memberikan komando yang sangat baik dalam menjalankan kewajiabannya terhadap amanah yang diberikan saat pemilihan pemimpin. Salah satu ialah Negara Indonesia yang memiliki banyaknya provinsi salah satunya Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan yang memiliki Tokoh yakni Pangeran Antasari yang menjadi suatu Pemimpin sangat baik terhadap masyarakatnya. Maka dengan mengenal Pemimpin berkualitas menjadi sebuah pembelajaran politik bagi daerah banjar karena sudah mengenal pemimpin yang berkualitas dari perananan, pendekatan dan persyaratannya menjadi pemimpin.
METODE PENELITIAN KUALITATIF KONSEP, PRINSIP DAN OPERASIONALNYA
Authors: Suyitno
Published: May 2021

Dengan menyebut asma Allah yang Maha Rahman dan Maha Rahiem. Alhamdulillahirobbil’alamin, puji syukur kehadirat Allah SWT atas limpahanrohmat, taufiq dan hidayah-Nya buku yang berjudul Metode Penelitian Kualitatif: Konsep, Prinsip dan Operasionalnya telah selesai saya susun.Buku ini ditulis dengan maksud untuk membantu para pembaca dalam meningkatkan kemampuan melakukan penelitian ilmiah, terutama yang terkait dengan ilmu-ilmu sosial dan ilmu-ilmu prilaku dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian ilmiah merupakan suatu cara melakukan penemuan ilmiah yang dilakukan secara empiris, terkontrol, kritis dan sistematis. Pemaknaan terhadap data itu akan akurat apabila peneliti yang bersangkutan selain memiliki wawasan tentang metodologi dan kemampuan melaksanakan penelitian yang memadai juga memiliki ciri-ciri pribadi sebagai peneliti yang andal dan terpercaya. Wawasan mengenai metodologi dan kemampuan pelaksanakan penelitian sangat besar peranannya dalam menentukan keberhasilan penelitian.Buku ini disusun dalam bentuk buku referensi yang berusaha menjawab tentang apa, bagaimana dan mengapa dengan desain penelitian kualitatif. Di dalam buku ini juga dilengkapi dengan langkah-langkahiiipraktis dan operasional yang diharapkan memberi kemudahan kepada para pembaca baik dari kalangan akademisi maupun praktisi untuk melaksanakan penelitian dengan rancangan kualitatif. Pada bagian akhir buku ini dilengkapi dengan contoh proposal penelitian kualitatif sederhana dan sistematika laporan penelitian.Dalam penulisan buku ini saya merasa telah menerima sejumlah bantuan dan dorongan dari berbagai pihak. Untuk itu dalam kesempatan ini dan melalui media ini saya menyampaikan terima kasih dan pengharagaan. Demikian pula kepada Penerbit yang telah bersedia mempublikasikan buku ini disampaikan terima kasih dan penghargaan. Saya menyadari bahwa dalam buku ini ada sejumlah kekurangan. Oleh karena itu, saran dan komentar sangat dinantikan untuk perbaikan selanjutnya. Meskipun demikian, saya tetap berharap semoga buku ini bermanfaat. AminMalang, 2 Mei 2018Suyitno
PANGERAN SURYANATA DI AMUNTAI
Authors: Zulfah Siti
Published: May 2021

Wilayah kerajaan negaradipa pada waktu diperintah oleh pangeran Suryanata dan puteri Junjung Buihmeliputi,Sangau;Batang Lawai, Karasikan, Kotawaringin, Pasir, Kutai,dan Berau. (Said, 2011: 4-5). Patih Lambung Mangkuran menjabat sebagai patih sejak raja pertama pengeranSuryanata. Pengganti patih Lambung Mangkurat adalah Arya Taranggana. Agar raja puteri Junjung Buih mendapatkan suami, Lambung Mangkurat lantas mendatangi raja Majapahit untuk meminta putra yang didapatkannya dari pertapaan menjadi raja puteri Junjung Buih. Ampu Jatmika kemudian memerintahkan kepada bawahannya untuk membuat patung sebagai pengganti raja dan ratu karena ia sendiri bukan berasal dari kasta raja sehingga merasa tidak pantas untuk menjdi raja. Raden Samudra, cicit Maharaja Sari Kaburungan . Raden Samudra ditunjuk sebagai pewaris tahta oleh kakeknyadan itu membuat pamanya, Pangeran Tumenggung murka dan berniat membunuhnya.Aria Magatsari, menundukkan daerah aliran sungai Tabalong, Balanagan dan Petak,termasuk orang-orang dibukitnya.Juga bantara kiri, Tumanggung tahta Jawa, memimpin 1000 pasukan untukt mengalahakan penduduk yangg berasal dari sungai-sungai di Alai, Hamandit dan Labuhan Amas dan orang-orang di bukit-bukit sekitar.
ANALISIS DATA DALAM RANCANGAN PENELITIAN KUALITATIF
Authors: Suyitno
Published: May 2021

The design of a study is a very important and major problem in a study. The skill to compose a research design is a problem that is absolutely necessary for a researcher. The skill of drafting begins with understanding the various rules in it. That is because of how important research design is to one's success in carrying out the qualitative research process. Furthermore, the research design is different from the research report, but in its application, the research report sometimes is quoted from the research design. A good qualitative research design will be able to provide an initial overview of the research process. Thus, the research design serves as a smooth implementation of research to be conducted by researchers.The several design functions of a study include the following: 1) providing directions for answering a research question; 2) determine the restrictions on activities in accordance with the focus of the research; 3) allows researchers to avoid the emergence of various problems in the middle of the research process
A Mathematical Interpretation of the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd Edition
Authors: Zhang Pengfei
Published: May 2021

International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD3) provides definition of headache disorders that can be used to construct a mathematical basis for headache classification. We seek to construct a theoretical framework for such a construction.Headache and facial pain conditions are interpreted as bundles of phenotypes. ICHD3 diagnoses are then defined as sets. We proceed to show that observations, in the form of theorems, can be proved with our set theoretic construction for the ICHD3.The all-present “not accounted for by another ICHD3 diagnosis” criterion must be removed in order for our system to be set theoretic consistent. Furthermore, our system can be used to construct a categorical approach to headache medicine in the tradition of category theory.Mathematical interpretation of ICHD3 is possible and may provide significant implication for understanding the structure and organization of headache diagnostic classification.
Under-resourced or overloaded? Rethinking working memory deficits in developmental language disorder
Authors: Jones Samuel David , Westermann Gert
Published: May 2021

Dominant theoretical accounts of developmental language disorder (DLD) commonly invoke working memory capacity limitations. In the current report, we present an alternative view: That working memory in DLD is not under-resourced but overloaded due to operating on speech representations with low discriminability. This account is developed through computational simulations involving deep convolutional neural networks trained on spoken word spectrograms in which information is either retained to mimic typical development or degraded to mimic the auditory processing deficits identified among some children with DLD. We assess not only spoken word recognition accuracy and predictive probability and entropy (i.e., predictive distribution spread), but also use mean-field-theory based manifold analysis to assess; (i) internal speech representation dimensionality, and (ii) classification capacity, a measure of the networks’ ability to isolate any given internal speech representation that is used as a proxy for attentional control. We show that instantiating a low-level auditory processing deficit results in the formation of internal speech representations with atypically high dimensionality, and that classification capacity is exhausted due to low representation separability. These representation and control deficits underpin not only lower performance accuracy but also greater uncertainty even when making accurate predictions in a simulated spoken word recognition task (i.e., predictive distributions with low maximum probability and high entropy), which replicates the response delays and word finding difficulties often seen in DLD. Overall, these simulations demonstrate a theoretical account of speech representation and processing deficits in DLD in which working memory capacity limitations play no causal role.
Manajemen Asuhan Keperawatan Jiwa Pada Tn. E. Dengan Masalah Halusinasi Di Pandan Sibolga
Authors: HUTAGALUNG MELLIN WIDYA
Published: May 2021

Halusinasi adalah suatu gejala pada individu dengan gangguan jiwa yang mengalami gangguan perubahan persepsi sensori yang ditandai dengan klien merasakan sensasi berupa suara, penglihatan, pengecapan, perabaan, atau penghiduan tanpa stimulus yang nyata
Filosofi Huma Betang Suku Dayak Ngaju Sebagai Upaya Pembinaan Gereja Secara Kontekstual Berdasarkan Kisah Para Rasul 2:42-47
Authors: Budiman Sabda
Published: May 2021

Suku Dayak Ngaju merupakan suku yang berada di Kalimantan Tengah yang memiliki filosofi unik dari Huma Betang yang dimilikinya. Sebagai warga Dayak Ngaju, mengatur nilai filosofi dari Huma Betang . Meninjau filosofi Huma Betang tersebut secara alkitabiah, didapati ada keselarasan dengan gaya hidup jemaat mula-mula yang disajikan dalam Kisah Para Rasul 2: 42-47. Dengan demikian, yang menjadi rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana kontekstualisasi pembinaan umat mengenai fungsi gereja berdasarkan Kisah Para Rasul 2: 42-47 melalui filosofi Huma Betangsuku Dayak Ngaju? Penulis menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif dalam penelitian ini. Data seperti literatur-literatur dan penelitian-penelitian yang berkaitan dengan topik ini diamati dan diolah guna menemukan informasi yang tepat. Kemudian penulis memaparkan hasil penelitian secara sistematis. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini adalah filosofi Huma Betang yaitu nilai kebersamaan, nilai kejujuran, nilai kesetaraan, dan nilai kekeluargaan secara berurutan dikontekstualisasikan sebagai persekutuan, integritas diri, kasih sesama, dan sebagai anggota tubuh Kristus. Kesimpulannya adalah upaya kontekstualisasi filosofi Huma Betang menjadi rujukan yang baik dalam melakukan pembinaan gereja dalam suku Dayak Ngaju.
KEPEMIPINAN DALAM POLITIK YANG DI INGINKAN MASYAKAT BANJAR
Authors: Yusup
Published: May 2021

Dunia memiliki Nagara-Negara yang memiliki Pemimpin yang berkualitas sangat baik dalam kepemimpinannya sebab setiap pemimpin memiliki kerisma,wibawa dan sebagainya yang menjadi suatu pemimpin yang diinginkan setiap orang dalam memberikan komando yang sangat baik dalam menjalankan kewajiabannya terhadap amanah yang diberikan saat pemilihan pemimpin. Salah satu ialah Negara Indonesia yang memiliki banyaknya provinsi salah satunya Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan yang memiliki Tokoh yakni Pangeran Antasari yang menjadi suatu Pemimpin sangat baik terhadap masyarakatnya. Maka dengan mengenal Pemimpin berkualitas menjadi sebuah pembelajaran politik bagi daerah banjar karena sudah mengenal pemimpin yang berkualitas dari perananan, pendekatan dan persyaratannya menjadi pemimpin.
PROPOSAL PENELITIAN
Authors: Usman Safri
Published: May 2021

Provinsi Gorontalo merupakan salah satu daerah yang memiliki potensi perikanan yang cukup baik. Salah satu jenis hasil perikanan tangkap yang melimpah yaitu ikan cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis). Menurut ( DKP Gorontalo) pada tahumn 2009-2010 jumlah produksinya mencapai 7.609 Ton. Penangkapan ikan cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis) di perairan Indonesia dapat dilakukan sepanjang tahun dan hasil yang diperoleh berbeda dari musim ke musim serta bervariasi menurut lokasi penangkapan. Apabila hasil tangkapan lebih banyak dari biasanya disebut musim puncak dan apabila dihasilkan lebih sedikit dari biasanya disebut musim paceklik Fausan (2011) dalam Ibrahim (2013).
Over-expression of pituitary tumor-transforming 1 in human endometrial cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: May 2021

Gynecologic cancers including cancers of the endometrium are a clinical problem (1-4). We mined published microarray data (5, 6) to discover genes associated with endometrial cancers by comparing transcriptomes of the normal endometrium and endometrial tumors from humans. We identified pituitary tumor-transforming 1, encoded by PTTG1, as among the most differentially expressed genes, transcriptome-wide, in cancers of the endometrium. PTTG1 was expressed at significantly higher levels in endometrial tumor tissues as compared to the endometrium. Importantly, primary tumor expression of PTTG1 was correlated with recurrence-free survival in patients with endometrial cancer. PTTG1 may be a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of human endometrial cancer.
PERANAN SISTEM INFORMASI DALAM PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN MANAJEMEN
Authors: Siregar Rizky Akbar
Published: May 2021

Sistem informasi masih diperlukan dalam menetapkan pilihan yang sah dengan tujuan agar mereka membutuhkan pemahaman tentang masalah dan informasi tentang pengaturan elektif. Data yang lebih tepat mendorong pilihan yang lebih baik. Kehati-hatian data bergantung pada 3 hal, yaitu data harus tepat (tepat), nyaman (garis waktu) dan dapat diterapkan (signifikansi).Komponen dalam dinamika yang harus diperhatikan adalah: motivasi dibalik dinamika, ID pilihan pilihan untuk menangani masalah, estimasi elemen yang tidak dapat diketahui sebelumnya atau melewati rentang komputasi manusia dan peralatan yang digunakan untuk mengatasinya. berkomentar atau mengukur hasilnya. dari sebuah dinamika
Hands-on false memories: A combined study with distributional semantics and mouse-tracking
Authors: Gatti Daniele , Marelli Marco , Mazzoni Giuliana , Vecchi Tomaso , Rinaldi Luca
Published: May 2021

Despite mouse-tracking has been taken as a real-time window into different aspects of human decision-making processes, currently little is known about how the decision process unfolds in veridical and false memory retrieval. Here, we directly investigated these processes by predicting participants’ performance in a mouse-tracking version of a typical Deese–Roediger–McDermott (DRM) task through distributional semantic models, a usage-based approach to meaning. Participants were required to study lists of associated words and then to perform a recognition task with the mouse. Results showed that mouse trajectories were extensively affected by the semantic similarity between the words presented in the recognition phase and the ones previously studied. In particular, the higher the semantic similarity, the larger the conflict driving the choice and the higher the irregularity in the trajectory when correctly rejecting new words (i.e., the false memory items). Conversely, on the temporal evolution of the decision, our results showed that semantic similarity affects more complex temporal measures indexing the online decision processes subserving task performance. Together, these findings demonstrate that semantic similarity can affect human behavior at the level of motor control, testifying its influence on online decision-making processes. More generally, our findings complement previous seminal theories on false memory and provide insights on the impact of the semantic memory structure on different decision-making components.
Super-Men and Wonder-Women: The Relationship between the Acceptance of Trans- and Posthumanistic Self-Enhancement, Personality, and Values
Authors: Schönthaler Elena , Hofer Gabriela , Grinschgl Sandra , Neubauer Aljoscha
Published: May 2021

Background and aim. Due to ongoing technological innovations, trans- and posthumanistic self-enhancement strategies are publicly discussed, researched from different perspectives, and part of ethical debates. However, only few studies investigated the acceptance of these strategies and its relationship with personality traits and values. The present study investigated to what extent people accept different enhancement strategies and whether acceptance can be predicted by Big Five and Dark Triad traits, vulnerable narcissism, and values. Methods. In an online survey (N = 450), we measured personality traits and values with German questionnaires. Moreover, participants read scenarios about enhancement strategies and answered questions about their acceptance of these scenarios. Results. Factor analysis indicated a general factor of acceptance across scenarios. Correlation analyses showed that high agreeableness, agreeableness-compassion, conscientiousness, conscientiousness-industriousness, and conservation- and self-transcendence values are related to less acceptance of self-enhancement. Moreover, individuals high on Dark Triad traits, vulnerable narcissism, and self-enhancement values exhibit more acceptance. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that said values and Big Five traits explained unique variance in the acceptance of self-enhancement. Conclusion. These findings highlight the importance of considering personality and values when investigating transhumanistic self-enhancement and support policymaking in creating guidelines for enhancement usage.
Revisiting the Relationship Between Social Distance and Communication Preferences: Replications and Reinterpretation of Amit et al. (2013, Experiment 2)
Authors: Luke Timothy John , Ask Karl , Magnusson Ebba , Calderon Sofia , Mac Giolla Erik
Published: May 2021

Amit et al. (2013) concluded that social distance can influence communication preferences: People prefer communicating with closer others using pictures (which are more concrete) and more distant others using words (which are more abstract). We conducted two high-powered preregistered experiments to assess this claim. First, we performed a close replication (N = 988) of Amit et al. (2013, Experiment 2) in which we also manipulated the presence of a potential confound we detected in the original instructions. The original effect successfully replicated using the original instructions but was reduced nearly to zero after the removal of the confound. Moreover, we demonstrate that the effect obtained with the original instructions likely relies on a different mechanism (comfort with sending personal pictures to close and distant contacts) than that posited in the original study (preference for concrete and abstract communication). Second, we performed a conceptual replication (N = 1,280) in which we attempted to address methodological limitations of the original study and our close replication. The results of this conceptual replication were inconsistent with those of the original study and suggested an overall effect size near zero. Our results suggest that social distance has little or no influence on communication medium preferences.
The scale of Gujarat’s mortality crisis
Authors: Gupta Aashish , Banaji Murad
Published: May 2021

Analysis of excess deaths from the civil registration system spotlights the systematic obfuscation in official statements
Analysis of Latin American literature through a mathematical lens
Authors: Cedeño Hugo Romeo Cedeño , Zambrano Telly Yarita Macías
Published: May 2021

Several of the most influential Latin American writers were interested in the sciences. Moreover, a handful showed an affinity to mathematics since childhood, eventually following careers as physicists, engineers, and mathematicians before turning their attention to the arts. In the end, they became novelists, essayists, and poets, who made significant contributions to their field. There is a large amount of existent traditional literature analysis research on Latin American authors. In the last sixteen years, research has shifted to include a focus on the connection between math and literature. However, this research focuses on interpreting the ideas of the universally acclaimed writer Jorge Luis Borges, studying his scientific thinking through his works, and demonstrating the writings included both basic and advanced math concepts even though he lacked a formal mathematical and scientific formation. Currently, there is a gap in the research that ignores the influential Latin American authors who were also prolific in mathematics. As a math and engineering student, I am interested in studying the work of Latin American writers with academic backgrounds in STEM fields--specifically mathematics. I intend to examine the writings of Ernesto Sabato, Guillermo Martinez, and Nicanor Parra for explicit math terminology and concepts.
Views on Reading and Research Habits of Veterinary Medicine Students in Turkey
Authors: Küçükaslan Özgül , Bulut I.lhami , Yerlikaya Nigar
Published: May 2021

Reading and research habits, together with individual and social development, some of the most important criteria of a qualified life in our age, are among the characteristics university students are expected to have. As in every profession, veterinary professional development is possible with individual development by continuous studying and researching professional topics starting in students’ graduate years. This research provides perspectives from the veterinary students of six faculties in Turkey on reading and research interests. The researchers developed a 39-item questionnaire-type instrument, which was given to 1,359 students studying at Ankara, Aydın, Burdur, Samsun, Erzurum, and Bursa in Turkey; data were analyzed using statistical tests. The number of books veterinary students read in a year did not exceed five by 34% of respondents. Only 22.3% read more than 11 books. Students were most likely to read novels (26.1%) and least likely to read religious books (0.5%). We also found that more than half the students were willing to join the scientific research community (56.3%) and become research assistants (57.8%). The researchers found a positive increase in students’ views on reading and research interests as grade level increased, in favor of female and urban-based participants. In conclusion, the authors recommend that students be encouraged to do research, given assignments for researching various scientific topics, and provided environments to gain lifelong learning skills. Individuals who prefer reading and research will likely contribute to their personal and professional development and to their country in general.
Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and New Opportunities in Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Complications in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors:   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy (a Federal Government-funded Military Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Defense, Khalimov Yu.Sh. ,   St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Agafonov P.V. ,   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy (a Federal Government-funded Military Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Defense; St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Kuzmich V.G. ,   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy (a Federal Government-funded Military Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Defense; St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Salukhov V.V. ,   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy (a Federal Government-funded Military Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Defense; St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: May 2021

Objective of the Review: To present mechanisms of system and cardioprotective action of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 receptor agonists); to describe their efficiency and role in primary prevention of cardiovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) following large randomised clinical cardiovascular safety trials from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar. Key Points. Clinical trials showed that GLP-1 receptor agonists can have marked positive effect for glycated haemoglobin and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, systolic blood pressure, body weight, and some drugs from this group can significantly reduce the rate of primary composite cardiac end point 3P-MACE, irrespective of history of cardiovascular diseases. Conclusion. GLP-1 receptor agonists exhibit proven advantages for cardiovascular outcomes. Therefore, they are drugs of choice in therapies of DM2 patients. GLP-1 receptor agonists can increase the efficiency of not only secondary, but also primary prevention of cardiovascular complications. Keywords: diabetes mellitus, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, cardiovascular complications, primary and secondary prevention.
Thyroid Disorders and COVID-19
Authors:   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University) (a Federal Government Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Health, Petunina N.A. ,   Moscow, Russian Federation, Al Taravi Ya.A. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University) (a Federal Government Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Health; Moscow, Russian Federation, Surkova A.Yu. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University) (a Federal Government Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Health; Moscow, Russian Federation, Martirosyan N.S. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University) (a Federal Government Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Health; Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: May 2021

Objective of the Review: To present the available information on the SARS-CoV-2 impact on thyroid gland (TG), impact from a thyroid pathology over COVID-19 morbidity and course, and management of patients with various thyroid pathologies and the novel coronavirus infection. Key Points. SARS-CoV-2 virus demonstrates exponential spread all over the globe and has caused a global pandemic of COVID-19 infection. Currently, the mechanism of non-pulmonary complications of SARS-CoV-2 and endocrine involvement is yet not clear. The impact from SARS-CoV-2 on TG can be a result of direct invasion of target cells by the virus or activation of immunise and inflammatory response.Changes in the pituitary-hypothalamic thyroid system can be caused by developing euthyroid pathology syndrome, glucocorticosteroid therapy, destructive thyroiditis. Manifestation of autoimmune thyroid disorders associated with COVID-19 cannot be ruled out. Conclusion. Currently there is no information on direct thyroid invasion by SARS-CoV-2; however the available results from trials and clinical observations demonstrate possible impact from coronavirus infections, in particular from SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, on the pituitaryhypothalamic-thyroid system with development of various pathologies or a number of changes in thyroid hormone levels. Taking into account possible associations between thyroid dysfunction and prolonged hospitalisation, risk of deaths in hospital, and the association between thyrotoxicosis and atrial fibrillation and hypercoagulation, it is advisable to screen patients with severe COVID-19. Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, thyroid gland, nonsuppurative granulematous thyroiditis.
Semi-Automatic Translations Of Data Privacy Policies Into Controlled Natural Languages
Authors:   Gran Sasso Science Institute, L’Aquila 67100, Italy, Tanoli Irfan Khan , Tanoli Yaseen Khan ,   University Of Beira Interior, Covilhã 6201-001, Portugal, Qureshi Asif Khalid ,   Sir Syed University Of Engineering And Technology, Karachi City, Sindh, Pakistan
Published: May 2021

Natural languages (NLs) are a simple and understandable form for presenting knowledge. However, they are ambiguous and it turns out to be quite complex to process them with machines. Controlled Natural Languages (CNLs) are usually simpler versions of NLs that are obtained by restricting the grammar and vocabulary to reduce, or even eliminate, ambiguity and complexity. CNLs look informal like NLs and are easy to read and understand and can be easily be transformed into machine-readable forms. In this paper, we present NLPT for semi-automatic translation of privacy statements, from NL to a controlled natural one, to improve machine processing. To assess the performance, we experiment on a large set of Twitter data policies. Here, we consider two main aspects i) the translation of social network data privacy policy and ii) the efficiency and efficacy of the proposed system. We also perform an empirical analysis of the results and conclude that our system can be used to translate input policies effectively and efficiently.
A Penchant for Protest?
Authors: Hart Randle J.
Published: May 2021

Much has been made of the Millennial generation's seemingly low rates of political participation. Some argue that this generation is politically apathetic, while others suggest that Millennials have eschewed traditional politics in favor of protest as a means of political participation. Drawing on Canada's 2013 General Social Survey (Cycle 27, Social Identity), I employ an exploratory latent class analysis to determine whether the Millennial generation can be usefully categorized according to their participation in various forms of political, civic, and social movement activities. I then use binary logit regression to determine how well the biographical availability hypothesis explains Millennial politics. This research reveals that Canadian Millennials may be grouped into four categories: the politically unengaged, the politically expressive, the civically engaged, and activist. Support for the biographical availability hypothesis is mixed. As expected, students are more likely to be activists and parenthood reduces the odds of being politically expressive or an activist, but home ownership does not decrease the chances of Millennials being politically engaged and increases the chances of being civically engaged. Younger Millennials (ages 15–24) are much more likely to be politically unengaged compared to older Millennials (ages 25–34).
Political Labels and Post-Politics
Authors: Skorek Artur
Published: May 2021

Debate over the present-day meaning of the traditional political terms ‘left’ and ‘right’ has been ongoing for at least three decades. Many claim that these labels have lost their former relevance. This article offers a comparative analysis of the Israeli, Polish, and Hungarian party systems. Using qualitative content analysis, it examines party platforms and politicians’ speeches in order to assess the significance of political labels both in political narratives and academic debate. Two main research topics concerning political systems of the three countries are explored in the article: the blurring of the traditional left-right divisions and the partial adoption of an anti-establishment agenda by mainstream parties.
Book Reviews
Authors: Etkin Elia , Elmaliach Tal , Inbari Motti
Published: May 2021

Laura Wharton, Is the Party Over? How Israel Lost Its Social Agenda (Jerusalem: Yad Levi Eshkol, 2019), 432 pp. Paperback, $29.95.

Fiona Wright, The Israeli Radical Left: An Ethics of Complicity (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2018), 208 pp. Hardback, $69.95.

Daniel Mahla, Orthodox Judaism and the Politics of Religion: From Prewar Europe to the State of Israel (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020), 318 pp. Hardback, $99.99.
English Literature Reading as Gendered Activity at Educational Primary Level
Authors: Akram Zainab , Khan Sadia Suleman , Rauf Maroof Bin
Published: May 2021

English is the certified language of Pakistan and intermediate of teaching in private schools. Learning an FL might be frustrating and challenging for some young learners. Stories in English as literature are an effective technique to teach young learners. This paper attempts to explore if reading stories in English as part of literature is a gendered activity with differences of interest by boys and girls. The study used a Reading Attitude Survey modified from Downing Object Activity Opinion and the Finnish questionnaire. The findings depict that stories in the schoolbooks are enthusiastic and are suitable according to learners' curiosity and standard. Results further specified that the general mainstream of students understands reading as an action that is more appropriate for girls, thus supportive of the study's hypothesis. The results also suggested that the gender-based insights strengthen with age for both boys and girls.
Influence of Development and Maintenance HR Practices on Work Engagement through Learning Goal Orientation
Authors: Shabbir Madiha , Malik Omer Farooq
Published: May 2021

The current study aims to examine the influence of bundles of development and maintenance HR practices on employee's behavior of work engagement through learning goal orientation. The sample size of the study was 370. Data were collected from different Pakistan oil refineries through a self-administered questionnaire and were analyzed through covariance-based SEM by using AMOS. Findings of the study confirmed the proposed study associations and revealed that both development and maintenance HR practices are positively and significantly associated with employee's behavior of work engagement and learning goal orientation partially mediates between the association of bundles of HR practices (development and maintenance) and work engagement. The authors contribute to the stream of knowledge by explicating the overall additive impact of segregated bundles of the development and maintenance of HR practices on work engagement through mediating effect of learning goal orientation between HR bundles and work engagement. Present study forwards implications for both theory and practice
Environmental Performativity in Native American and Afro-American Womens Fiction: An Ecofeminist Critique of Erdrichs Tracks and Morrisons Beloved
Authors: Ahmad Mumtaz , Ahmad Nighat , Javed Amara
Published: May 2021

This article, evaluating the usefulness and applicability of the ecofeminist tenets upon the environmental fiction of Erdrich and Morrison, creates a new understanding of the preservation of the environment for engendering a more egalitarian relationship between humanity and nature. It presents the critique of the ways Toni Morrison and Louise Erdrich engage with the environmental themes and motifs using the historical connections of their communities with nature as a reference point via eco-performative texts. The overall scheme of the article, therefore, denies the anthropocentric approach upheld by the Euro-American world towards the environment and glorifies the biocentric approach revered and celebrated by the Native American and AfroAmerican lifestyle, emphasizing that in the cosmic scheme of nature, not just humans but non-humans, nature and environment are equal partners. The study concludes that Morrison and Erdrich have stressed in their fiction the ecocritical recognition of the inevitable interdependence of man and nature. Their fiction asserts that considering environmental issues to be human issues can positively affect the human attitude towards nature/environment.
Semantic Set of N-Word Choices in Afro-American Fiction: A Corpus Analysis of Hurston's Their Eyes Were Watching God
Authors: Aftab Rizwan , Aqeel Asim , Zaidi Saba
Published: May 2021

This study explores the linguistic selection focusing on the use of N-word choice by African-American fiction writers. This study explains the basic concepts of language and language use, language as a text and discourse, and also the function it plays within the context. With Halliday and Hassan's semantic set of choices, this study argues that Zora Neale Hurston does not seem aware of consciously using N-words in her novel, but her use of Nword linguistic choice to communicate the theme of race is in line with her true reflection of the society and culture she is born and bred in. Hurston might have used N-word deliberately both to appropriate lexical choice with that of characters' roles as many of the Harlem Renaissance writers did and to establish a kind of community building and collective cultural solidarity, the major determinants of Hurston's use of the N-word in Their Eyes Were Watching God.
Pepelnica jagode
Authors: Miličević Tihomir , Zovko Mladen
Published: May 2021

Pepelnica je zadnjih godina postala značajna bolest jagoda u Hrvatskoj. Uzročnik je fitopatogena gljiva Podosphaera aphanis, koje je prije bila poznata pod nazivom Sphaerotheca macularis f. fragariae. Za razliku do većine drugih pepelnica simptomi pepelnice na jagodama ne javljaju se prevenstveno u vidu pepeljaste prevlake, već više u vidu uvijanja listova i crvenila na naličju lista. Za suzbijanje se koriste kemijski erisficidi i biofungicidi. Od biofungicida to su bakteriofungicidi na bazi antagonističkih bakterija Bacillus amyloliquefaciens i Bacillus pumilus te mikofungicidi na bazi antagonističke mikoparazitske gljive Ampelomyces quisqualis.
The impact of mycorrhiza on chemical composition of Portugieser wine
Authors: Osrečak Mirela , Jeromel Ana , Karoglan Marko , Anić Marina , Karakaš Darija , Puhelek Ivana , Jagatić Korenika Ana-Marija
Published: May 2021

Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi kako primjena živog mikoriznog cjepiva na korijen vinove loze utječe na kemijski sastav vina ´Portugizac´. Pokus je postavljen u jesen 2016. godine na 3 lokacije na području podregije Plešivica, kada je provedena i aplikacija cjepiva naziva „Mykoflor“ tvrtke Bio-budućnost d.o.o. Cjepivo je aplicirano na 100 trsova sorte ´Portugizac´, pri čemu je isti broj netretiranih trsova poslužio kao kontrola. Analiza kemijskog sastava, kao i senzorno ocjenjivanje vina provedeni su nakon berbe 2018. godine. Rezultati su pokazali pozitivan utjecaj mikorize na kemijski sastav vina u vidu povećanja koncentracije ukupne kiselosti, pojedinačnih organskih kiselina, pepela te smanjenja pH vrijednosti vina. Aplikacija mikoriznog cjepiva pozitivno je utjecala i na polifenolni sastav te na senzornu ocjenu vina.
An examination of the factors influencing local gastronomic product preference based on the theory of planned behaviour
Authors: KARAMAN Nilgün , GİRGİN Göksel Kemal
Published: May 2021

Developed by Azjen (1991), the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is the most comprehensive and successful model among social cognitive models used to explain the relationship between attitude and behavior. In this study, it has been assumed that tourists' intention to consume local gastronomic products may be explained with the Theory of Planned Behavior. As a result of the review of the literature, it has been determined that there are some factors that are effective in the preference of local gastronomic products. In this regard, the fundamental objective of the research is to examine the factors influencing local gastronomic product preference based on the Theory of Planned Behavior. Within the Theory of Planned Behavior, it is aimed to determine whether these factors affect tourists' attitudes towards local food and beverages. The study also aims to determine whether the attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral controls of tourists have any impact on local gastronomic product consumption intentions. For these purposes, the research is limited to foreign tourists visiting Istanbul province. 401 pieces of data have been collected by using survey forms. As a result of the statistical analyses applied to the data obtained as a result of the research, motivational factors, food neophilia, food neophobia, cultural factors, exposure, and gastronomic shopping experience were found to have a positive and significant effect on attitude towards local gastronomic products. However, it was determined that past experience and health factor have no effect on attitude towards local gastronomic products. The study also revealed that variables included in the Theory of Planned Behavior (i.e. attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control) has a high level of impact on the intention to consume local gastronomic products.
Ocimum Species: Ethnomedicinal Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Importance
Authors: Enegide Chinedu , Charles C Ofili
Published: May 2021

Plant species belonging to the Ocimum genus are among the most popular medicinal plants and are being used for several purposes in ethnomedicine. Ocimum is universally cultivated however; the geographical distribution highlights three major centers of Ocimum diversity, these are: the tropical areas of America, the tropical region of Asia and the tropical and subtropical regions of Africa. Ocimum species have been employed traditionally for several medicinal purposes including antioxidant, antibacterial, hypoglycaemic, hepatoprotective, antiviral and other medicinal purposes. Though scientists have carried-out studies and chronicled the pharmacological potentials of Ocimum species, documents containing these data seem to be disassembled, making it difficult to really distinguish the pharmacologically useful species from those that are not and also to get comprehensive information about the medicinal species in this genus. Hence, the aim of this review is to outline classified information on the ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacological importance of some Ocimum species that have been reported by different researchers. In carrying-out this review, the search for literature was done via relevant databases including PubMed, Springer, Web of Science, Science Direct, Embase, SciFinder, Google Scholar and Scopus. The species reviewed are the most widely used from the Ocimum genus in traditional medicine and they are also the most researched for intended use in conventional therapeutic practice. Literature reveals that these species contain several compounds which are responsible for the numerous pharmacological activities elicited by them including antimalarial, anticancer, antidiabetic, antiinflammatory and antioxidant effects.
Evidence supporting the use of Combretum nigricans as an antimalarial agent in ethnomedicine
Authors: Enegide Chinedu , Akah Peter , Ofili Charles , Agatemor Uzuazokaro , Ameh Solomon , Dabum Jacob , Onah Ifeoma
Published: May 2021

Background: Combretum nigricans (Combretaceae) is a small, smooth bark tree used in traditional medicine for the treatment of prurigo, dysentery, fever and other symptoms of acute malaria in North-Central Nigeria. Materials and Methods: The antimalarial activity of C nigricans hydro-methanol crude leaf extract was evaluated against Plasmodium berghei in mice. The Peters’ 4-day suppressive test against early malaria infection and Rane’s curative test against established malaria were employed in assessing the antimalarial activity of the crude extract. In each test model, five groups containing five mice each were used. Group 1 mice were administered with 10 ml distilled water/kg b.w. p.o., groups 2 - 4 were administered with 200, 400, and 800 mg extract/kg b.w. p.o. respectively, while group 5 mice were administered with artesunate 10 mg/kg b.w. p.o. Result: All doses of C. nigricans extract employed for the study (200 – 800 mg/kg b.w. p.o.) gave significant (P<0.05) chemosuppressive effect against P. berghei, this effect was observed to be dose-related; while the 400 mg/kg extract dose gave the highest curative effect. Compared to control, the extract also prolonged the mean survival time at all doses, and as well prevented the characteristic decrease in body temperature elicited by P. berghei in mice. The LD50 of the extract was >5000 mg/kg b.w. p.o. in mice. Conclusion: The result from the study indicates that C. nigicans crude leaf extract is safe orally and possesses significant antimalarial activity.