bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Outcomes in the Definitive Treatment of High-energy Tibial Diaphyseal Fractures using Hexapod External Fixator Versus Monolateral External Fixator
Authors: Liu Yanshi , Liu Kai , Cai Feiyu , Zhang Xingpeng , Li Hong , Zhang Tao , Ma Chuang , Yusufu Aihemaitijiang
Published: June 2021

Background: External fixation, which can preserve the biomechanical microenvironment of fracture healing, playing an important role in managing the high-energy fractures with poor surrounding soft tissues. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences of clinical outcomes, if any, between hexapod external fixator and monolateral external fixator in the definitive treatment of high-energy tibial diaphyseal fractures.Methods: A total of 53 patients with high-energy tibial diaphyseal fractures and definitively treated by the hexapod external fixator (HEF) or monolateral external fixator (MEF) were retrospectively collected and analyzed, from March 2015 to June 2019. There were 31 patients in the HEF treatment, and the other 22 patients were managed by the MEF. The demographic data, surgical duration, external fixation time, final radiological results, complications, and clinical outcomes were documented and analyzed. Difficulties that occur during the treatment were classified according to Paley. The clinical outcomes were evaluated by the Association for the Study and Application of the Method of Ilizarov criteria (ASAMI) at the last clinical visit.Results: The mean surgical duration in the HEF group (62.4±8.3 minutes) was shorter than that in the MEF group (91.4±6.9 minutes) (P<0.05). All patients acquired complete bone union finally. Patients in the HEF group (24.2±3.1 weeks) underwent a shorter average external fixation time than that in the MEF group (26.3±3.8 weeks) (P<0.05). Satisfactory alignment was achieved in all patients without the need for remanipulation. The residual sagittal plane deformities in the HEF group were all less than that in the MEF group (P<0.05). The complication rate was 35.5% in the HEF group, while 45.5% in the MEF group. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in ASAMI scores (P>0.05).Conclusion: There is no statistically significant difference in finally clinical outcomes between hexapod external fixator and monolateral external fixator in the definitive treatment of high-energy tibial diaphyseal fractures. The hexapod external fixation treatment is a superior effective method, including advantages of stable fixation, less surgical duration, postoperatively satisfactory fracture reduction, and fewer complications.
Exposure Assessment of Total Suspended Particulates and Heavy Metals in Anodizing and Electroplating Surface Treatment Process
Authors: Kim Donghyeon , Jung Sungyo , Yoon Chungsik
Published: June 2021

Objective: This study is to evaluate exposure to harmful substances, such as particulate and heavy metals, by considering various factors, in anodizing and electroplating surface treatment process.Methods: Exposure evaluation studies on seven heavy metals (Cr, Zn, Ni, Pb, Cd, Al, and Ba) and total suspended particulates (TSP) were conducted. Heavy metals were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). This study also checked the ventilation volume of the hood with a thermal anemometer. Measurement was conducted for 8 hours and 8 days. The sample number, N, of the heavy metals and TSP was 107. Results: Geometric mean (GM) of TSP during Cr plating process was 6.15(GSD, 3.35) mg/m3. GM of Cr during Cr plating was 1.86(GSD, 6.65) mg/m3. GM of TSP and heavy metals differences were statistically significant for each process and date variation. Average ventilation volume for all hoods ranged from 1.20 to 4.98 m3/s. In the hood 30 cm from bath, ventilation was 0.1 times lower. Increasing ventilation volume of the hood was the most influential factor, followed by machine operation time and workload.Conclusion: The high concentration was due to low ventilation suction flow. We can improve health to reduce exposure by resolving the fundamental cause of risk occurrence.
Detection of Single Nucleotide and Copy Number Variants in the Fabry Disease-associated GLA Gene Using Nanopore Sequencing
Authors: Nowak Albina , Murik Omer , Mann Tzvia , Zeevi David A. , Altarescu Gheona
Published: June 2021

Introduction: More than one thousand variants have been described in the GLA gene. Some intronic variants and copy number variants in GLA can cause Fabry disease but will not be detected by classical Sanger sequence.Aims: We aimed to design and validate a method for sequencing the GLA gene using long read Oxford Nanopore sequencing technology.Methods: Twelve Fabry patients were blindly analyzed, both by conventional Sanger sequence and by long read sequencing of a 13kb PCR amplicon. We used minimap2 to align the long read data and Nanopolish and Sniffles to call variants.Results: All the variants detected by Sanger (including a deep intronic variant) were also detected by long read sequencing. One patient had a deletion that was not detected by Sanger sequencing but was detected by the new technology.Conclusions: Our long read sequencing-based method was able to detect missense variants and an exonic deletion, with the added advantage of intronic analysis. It can be used as an efficient and cost-effective tool for screening and diagnosing Fabry disease.
Investigation of Topographic Site Effects using 3D Waveform Modelling: Amplification, Polarization and Torsional Motions in the Case Study of Arquata del Tronto (Italy)
Authors: Baron Julie , Primofiore Ilaria , Klin Peter , Laurenzano Giovanna , Vessia Giovanna
Published: June 2021

The combined effect of topography and near-surface heterogeneities on the seismic response is hardly predictable and may lead to an aggravation of the ground motion. We apply physics-based numerical simulations of 3D seismic wave propagation to highlight these effects in the case study of Arquata del Tronto, a hamlet in the Apennines that suffered irregularly distributed damage during the 2016 seismic sequence in Central Italy. We analyze the linear visco-elastic seismic response for vertically incident plane waves in terms of spectral amplification, polarization and induced torsional motion within the frequency band 1–8 Hz over a 1 km2 square area, with spatial resolution 25 m. To discern the effects of topography from those of the sub-surface structure we iterate the numerical simulations for three different versions of the structural model: one homogeneous, one with a surficial weathering layer and a soil basin and one with a complex internal structure. The numerical results confirm the correlation between topographic curvature and amplification and support a correlation between the induced torsional motion and the topographic slope. On the other hand we find that polarization does not necessarily imply ground motion amplification. In the frequency band above 4 Hz the topography-related effects are mainly aggravated by the presence of the weathering layer, even though they do not exceed the soil-related effects in the flat-topography basin. The structure below the weathering layer plays a recognizable role in the topography-related site response only for frequencies below 4 Hz.
Diffeomorphic Registration for Retinotopic Maps of Multiple Visual Regions
Authors: Tu Yanshuai , Lu Zhong-Lin , Wang Yalin
Published: June 2021

Retinotopic map, the mapping between visual inputs on the retina and neuronal responses on cortical surface, is one of the central topics in vision science. Typically, human retinotopic maps are constructed by analyzing functional magnetic resonance responses to designed visual stimuli on cortical surface. Although it is widely used in visual neuroscience, retinotopic maps are limited by measurement noise and resolution. One promising approach to improve the quality of retinotopic maps is to register individual subject’s retinotopic maps to a retinotopic template or atlas. However, none of the existing retinotopic registration methods has explicitly quantified the diffeomorphic condition, that is, retinotopic maps can be aligned by stretching/compressing but without tearing up. Here, we developed Diffeomorphic Registration for Retinotopic Maps (DRRM) to simultaneously align retinotopic maps in multiple visual regions under the diffeomorphic condition. Specifically, we used the Beltrami coefficient to model the diffeomorphic condition and performed surface registration based on retinotopic coordinates. The overall framework is simple and elegant and preserves topological condition defined in the atlas. We further developed a unique performance evaluation protocol and compared the performance of the new method with several existing image intensity-based registration methods on both synthetic and real datasets. The results showed that DRRM is superior to the existing methods in achieving diffeomorphic mappings in synthetic and empirical data from 3T and 7T magnets. DRRM may improve the interpretation of low-quality retinotopic maps and facilitate adoption of retinotopic maps in clinical settings.
Antrochoanal Polyp: A Rare Differential Diagnosis of Adenoids
Authors: Al-Ani Raid M.
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Antrochoanal polyps are more prevalent in children than adults. Unilateral nasal obstruction and rhinorrhea are usually the features of the unilateral antrochoanal polyps. Bilateral nasal obstruction is also a feature of antrochoanal polyp if it is large and obstruct both choana. Giant antrochoanal polyp is rarely reported in the literature and as a case reports. Case Report: We reported a further case of giant left antrochoanal polyp in a 6-years-old boy presented with bilateral nasal obstruction, nasal and postnasal mucopurulent discharge, hypo-nasal speech, mouth breathing, snoring, and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. These features are mostly consistent mostly with the diagnosis of the adenoids. Physical examination revealed a mass seen in the oropharynx behind the uvula. Further examination by nasal endoscopy, computerized tomography, and histopathological evaluation of the excised polyp have confirmed the diagnosis of an antrochoanal polyp. Conclusion: Although this entity is rarely seen in daily clinical practice, great care is needed to catch the diagnosis for early treatment to avoid unwanted complications.
Epidemiology of Measles in Bale Zone South East Ethiopia 2019
Authors: tsegaye Geremew , gezahagn Yenealem , Berhanu Naod , Gudina Gemechu
Published: June 2021

Background: - Measles remains causes of vaccine preventable death in children worldwide. Cases comes to health facilities after complication developed, and miss diagnosed as the complication than measles, which is a reason for under reporting of measles cases and number of reported cases represents small proportion of expected cases. While aim of this study is to analyze seven years (2013-2019) measles surveillance data of Bale zone and to indicate measles surveillance related gaps. Method: - Cross sectional study conducted from May 25-June 25/2019. Study population and sample was all measles cases reported to bale zone from 2013-2019. Data abstracted by reviewing seven years measles line list and case-based report by investigator using data abstraction check list. Data entered and analyzed by Microsoft excel. Tables, graph and percent presented the data. Result: - Overall, 4241 measles cases were reported with a case fatality of 3.07/1000 population. About 248(5.8%) were measles IgM confirmed. Mean age of the case patients were 7.15 and 2147 (50.6%) were males. The most affected age group were <4 years, 1685 (39.7%) of cases. The highest prevalence rate 141 / 100,000 populations reported in 2019.Unvaccinated and unknown status were 890(21%) and 731(17.2%). The highest numbers of cases reported from Ginir and Gololcha. Measles cases increase in autumn season of the year and reaches peak in May. Conclusion: - Measles is the major causes of morbidity and Mortality in Bale zone due to poor immunization coverage, 890(21%) of case patients were un vaccinated. Though community death is not included case fatality is high. Ginir reported the highest number of cases. Increasing vaccine coverage of the zone, early preparedness before annual cycle and strengthening measles case-based surveillance is mandatory.
A Non-Field Analytical Method for Heat Transfer Problems Through A Moving Boundary
Authors: Kulish Vladimir , Horák Vladimír
Published: June 2021

This paper presents an extension of the non-field analytical method – known as the method of Kulish – to solving heat transfer problems in domains with a moving boundary. This is an important type of problems with various applications in different areas of science. Among these are heat transfer due to chemical reactions, ignition and explosions, combustion, and many others. The general form of the non-field solution has been obtained for the case of an arbitrarily moving boundary. After that some particular cases of the solution are considered. Among them are such cases as the boundary speed changing linearly, parabolically, exponentially, and polynomially. Whenever possible, the solutions thus obtained have been compared with known solutions. The final part of the paper is devoted to determination of the front propagation law in Stefan-type problems at large times. Asymptotic solutions have been found for several important cases of the front propagation.
Assessment of Irrigant Flow and Apical Pressure in Simulated Canals of Single Rooted Teeth with Different Root Canal Tapers and Apical Preparation Sizes-an Ex-Vivo Study
Authors: Sujith Immadi , Teja Kavalipurapu Venkata , Ramesh Sindhu
Published: June 2021

Background:Irrigation dynamics vary in optimally shaped canals. Various factors combine to create a stress-induced environment leading to a dynamic irrigant flow.Aim:Evaluate the irrigant flow and apical pressure using 30 gauge open-ended needle in virtually created root canal model of single-rooted teeth.Materials and Methods:Sixty extracted single-rooted premolars were selected and prepared using a single rotary instrument HY-FLEX CM and grouped as : Group I: 30 size 0.6% taper (n=15), Group II: 30 size 0.4% taper (n=15), Group III: 25 size 0.6% taper (n=15), Group IV: 25 size 0.4% taper (n=15). Post instrumentation imaging was carried out using CBCT, and CAD models were obtained. Subgrouping was done based on the nozzle position, and computational fluid dynamic analysis was carried out for the respective parameters assessed.Results:Statistical significance was elicited in all the groups at different nozzle positions analysed. (p<0.05) A post-Hoc test revealed a significance in the mean flow rate and flow velocity in Group I at low nozzle position (p<0.05) as compared to others.Conclusions:30 size 0.6% tapered preparations proved efficient irrigant flow and least apical pressures at allnozzle positions.
Two kinds of memory signals in neurons of the human hippocampus
Authors: Urgolites Zhisen , Wixted John , Goldinger Stephen , Papesh Megan H. , Treiman David M. , Squire Larry R. , Steinmetz Peter N.
Published: June 2021

Some studies of the neural representation of memory in the human hippocampus have identified memory signals reflecting the categorical status of test items (novel vs. repeated). Others have identified pattern-separated, episodic memory signals reflecting recognition of particular test items. Here, we report that both kinds of memory signals can be found in the hippocampus, and we consider their possible functions. We recorded single-unit activity from four brain regions (hippocampus, amygdala, anterior cingulate, and prefrontal cortex) of epilepsy patients as they performed a continuous recognition task. The generic signal was found in all four regions, whereas the sparse, pattern-separated signal was limited to the hippocampus, as predicted by longstanding computational models.
O exercício do Programa Saúde na Escola como prática da Equipe de Saúde Bucal na Atenção Básica: relato de experiência
Authors: Silva André Rodrigo Justino da
Published: June 2021

Introdução: O Programa Saúde na Escola se apresenta como uma forma concreta de promoção de saúde de extrema relevância para a assistência dos escolares facilitando o contato da população com os serviços odontológicos. Objetivo: Expor a realização de atividades do programa saúde na escola por uma equipe de saúde bucal do sistema único de saúde como uma experiência de saúde com escolares da região da Borborema do estado da Paraíba. Material e método: As ações envolveram 41 alunos de turmas de 05 e 12 anos de duas escolas municipais no município de Esperança- Paraíba. Foram realizadas visitas de reconhecimento dos locais para recolher todos os dados de cada instituição e planejamento das atividades. Como metodologias foram utilizadas jogo dos amigos e inimigos dos dentes; material educativo audiovisual sobre a técnica ideal de escovação; atividade de pintura com abordagem do tema dieta. Adicionalmente foi realizada aplicação tópica de flúor com Fluoreto de Sódio a 2% nas crianças com faixa etária de 05 anos. Relato de experiência: Os dois momentos de realização das atividades foram extremamente proveitosos e de uma participação ativa dos alunos que foram o público-alvo das ações que somada à cooperação da equipe de atenção básica resultou em êxito nos objetivos de promoção de saúde e de proteção específica. Conclusão: A realização de ações educativas no ambiente escolar através do programa saúde na escola é muito importante para melhorar a qualidade de vida da população.
Integração perio-dentística para harmonização do sorriso em dentes anteriores: relato de caso
Authors: Da Silva Raquel Lira Braga , Cruz José Henrique de Araújo , De Oliveira Bruno Firmino , De Souza Sarah Cristina , Da Silva Wellton Moreira , Ferreira Rodrigues Rachel de Queiroz , De Medeiros Luanna Abílio Diniz Melquiades , Guênes Gymenna Maria Tenório
Published: June 2021

Introdução: Com o avanço das técnicas cirúrgicas periodontais e dos materiais dentários e suas técnicas aperfeiçoadas é possível tratar casos estéticos e obter resultados excelentes. Objetivo: Descrever um caso clínico de Cirurgia Periodontal para correção de sorriso gengival e ajuste cosmético por meio de clareamento dental em consultório e restaurações diretas em resina composta para aumento de bordas incisais. Relato do caso: Foi realizado a cirurgia de gengivectomia com osteotomia sem retalho (técnica Flaplees), proporcionando equilíbrio estético entre os zênites gengivais. Posteriormente a recuperação gengival foi realizado o clareamento dentário de consultório e após estabilização de cor foram realizadas as reanatomizações dentárias para aumento de bordas incisais pela técnica direta em resina composta, possibilitando uma melhor estética no comprimento vertical dos dentes. A resina composta foi escolhida por ser mais viável financeiramente em relação às cerâmicas, ter execução mais simples, necessitar de pouco ou nenhum desgaste e também ser reversível. Conclusão: Foi fundamental o trabalho interdisciplinar entre a Periodontia e Dentística que, por meio de um bom planejamento, execução adequada das técnicas, além do controle, manutenção periódica e colaboração do paciente o que proporcionou uma estética dentária dentro dos padrões tão valorizados atualmente.
Utilização da técnica de ulectomia em Odontopediatria no auxílio da erupção dentária: relato de caso
Authors: Sanches Gabriele Ichara , Bento Laura Imbriani , Emerenciano Nayara Gonçalves , Gonçalves Francyenne Maira , Oliveira Marília Andrade , Oliveira Natália Castorino , Danelon Marcelle
Published: June 2021

Ulectomia é um procedimento cirúrgico que consiste na remoção dos tecidos que interrompem a erupção dentária. O presente estudo tem como proposição relatar um caso clínico de ulectomia em paciente pediátrico na região do dente 22. Paciente de 8 anos, do gênero masculino, compareceu a clínica de Odontopediatria da Universidade de Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP) para tratamento odontológico. Ao exame clínico intra-bucal, observou-se aumento volumétrico na região vestibular do dente 22 que ainda não havia erupcionado. A mãe relatou que o filho não apresentou nenhum tipo de trauma naquela região. Após exame radiográfico, observou-se a presença do dente 22, o qual se encontrava em posição intra-óssea. Assim, foi indicado como forma de tratamento a ulectomia por tratar-se de um procedimento simples e minimamente invasivo. Devido à criança não apresentar bom comportamento diante do exame clínico e radiográfico, optou-se executar inicialmente, sessões de condicionamento para que a seguir, fosse efetuado o procedimento cirúrgico. Após três semanas, foi realizada a cirurgia. Inicialmente foi realizada uma incisão elíptica, onde foi possível a visualização da região incisal do dente 22. Foi realizado o acompanhamento clínico após 7, 15, 45 e 180 dias, sendo possível observar a erupção do dente 22. Nos casos de impactações dentárias, há a necessidade de estabelecer a relação com seu fator etiológico para um correto planejamento. Conclui-se que o tratamento realizado proporcionou melhora estética e fonética para o paciente, assim como influenciou no convívio social do mesmo.
The benefits of association of early diagnosis with bioactive materials for management of dental caries
Authors: Dos Santos Angélica Feltrin , Castelluccio Tainara Tonon , Foratori-Junior Gerson Aparecido , Rios Daniela , Wang Linda , Bombonatti Juliana Fraga Soares
Published: June 2021

The concept of minimally invasive dentistry certainly promoted significant changes towards more conservative dental caries management, which allows for quality information regarding the diagnosis, prognosis, and clinical management of dental caries even regarding the maintenance of restorative procedures. This case report aimed to highlight the relevance and feasibility of a streamlined caries disease management based on caries-risk determination and minimal invasive concepts associated with bioactive materials. A 13-year-old female patient sought dental care. Clinically, active white spot lesion on the occlusal surface of right upper first premolar coming from the fissures was noteworthy under moist condition. Bitewing radiography confirmed an interproximal carious lesion involving dentin. The cavity preparation was performed as more conservative as possible, removing the carious tissue selectively and treated with bioactive materials. After 12-month follow-up, successful performance of the restoration was seen while the patient caries-risk condition seems to be under control. This clinical case demonstrates that a correct diagnosis associated with smart materials and appropriate restorative procedures can offer effective and conservative results. Evidence-based treatment benefits patient avoiding unnecessary dental compromising and the maintenance of oral health.
Treatment of maxillary osteomyelitis after facial trauma
Authors: Mendonça José Carlos Garcia de , Arashiro Fabio Nakao , Aguillera Maísa de Oliveira , Santos Muryllo Eduardo Sales dos , Pelissaro Gustavo Silva , Gaetti Jardim Ellen Cristina
Published: June 2021

Osteomyelitis is an inflammatory condition in the medullary spaces or the cortical surface of bones. It can be acute or chronic and extend beyond the original site. Also, it can be caused by several factors, among them as a result of untreated dental trauma. Correct diagnosis and individualized treatment are essential for success. The aim is to report a case of chronic osteomyelitis due to a history of dental trauma in the anterior region of the maxilla in a 21-years-old patient without associated comorbidities, focusing on the success of the therapy employed. It is known that the treatment of osteomyelitis is still a challenge because of the microbiota present. The treatment recommended with higher success rates is the removal of bone sequestration associated with antibiotic therapy, which has shown satisfactory results and maintenance of the dental elements in function.
Levantamento de seio maxilar seguido de instalação imediata de implante do tipo cone morse: relato de caso
Authors: Pereira Camila Melo , Rocha Layla Louise de Amorim , Rodrigues Matheus Francisco Barros , Rocha Cristofe Coelho Lopes da , Rocha Rimsky Coelho Lopes da
Published: June 2021

A cirurgia de levantamento de seio maxilar visa a corrigir a insuficiência óssea na região posterior da maxila e viabilizar a instalação dos implantes em casos de perda dentária que geram grande reabsorção óssea e pneumatização do seio maxilar. O presente estudo tem por objetivo relatar um caso de levantamento de seio maxilar seguido de instalação imediata de implante do tipo cone-morse, demonstrando a eficiência da técnica cirúrgica através da janela lateral e a eficiência do implante em sua instalação concomitante a elevação do seio. O levantamento de seio maxilar é realizado com frequência, porém há contraindicações desse procedimento para pacientes com patologia sinusal, fumantes excessivos, portadores de problemas psicológicos que impossibilitam tratamento em longo prazo, entre outros. Pôde-se concluir que o levantamento de seio maxilar com a instalação imediata de implante cônico é eficaz. Para alcançar bons resultados é necessário levar em consideração alguns fatores que são essenciais para o sucesso destes procedimentos, são eles: a quantidade de remanescente ósseo, a estabilidade primária do implante no momento da instalação, a manutenção da integridade da membrana sinusal, a saúde do seio maxilar prévio e o tipo de conexão do implante.
Influence of Philazonit biopreparation on the mycobiome of soybean plants rhizosphere
Authors: Parfenuk Alla , Havryliuk Liliia , Beznosko Irina , Pasichnіk Larisa , Turovnik Yuliia , Ternovyi Yuri
Published: June 2021

The article presents the results of analysis of biodiversity and spatial-functional structure of the microbial complex in the soil rhizosphere, and development of ways to regulate the number of phytopathogenic micromycetes in the rhizosphere of soybean plants in organic production. Varieties of plants of soy were grown using the biopreparation "Philazonit", which was developed in the company "Philazonit of Ukraine". The study determined the effect of phylazonite biopreparation on the mycobiome of the rhizosphere of soybean plants. The interaction of plants of soy varieties Kent and Suzir’ja with phytopathogenic micromycetes in conditions of the organic production in the Central Forest-Steppe of Ukraine (Research farm “Skvyrske” of Institute of Agroecology and Nature Management of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine (IANM of the NAAS) was investigated. The number of phytopathogenic micromycetes in the rhizosphere of plants of different varieties of soy is determined depending on the variety and technology of its cultivation. It was established that the biopreparation Philazonit inhibits the formation of the number of phytopathogenic micromycetes in the rhizosphere of plants of the soy variety Suzir’ja and Kent during the growing season. It is proved that the representatives of genera: Alternaria, Fusarium, Penicillium, Aspergillus are dominated in the rhizosphere of plants of soy of both varieties. In the rhizospheres of plants of the soy Suzir’ja variety the representatives of genus Penicillium (32.8%) most often occurred. The smallest number of micromycetes were members of the genus Aspergillus (9.5%). In the rhizosphere of plants of the Kent variety dominated by representatives of the genera Alternaria and Fusarium (35.6% and 34.1% respectively). Representatives of the genus Penicillium were 15% and Aspergillus – 15.3% It is proved noted that during the studies there was a correlation between the development of micromycetes and the hydrothermal coefficient – in the flowering phase (r=0.8) and in the ripening phase (r =0.9) except for the germination phase
Polarization of macrophages of mice under the influence of lectin from Bacillus subtilis IMV B-7724
Authors: Chumak Alina , Shcherbina Valeriia , Fedosova Natalia , Chekhun Vasyl'
Published: June 2021

Macrophages (Mph) are highly plastic cells that are able to change their functional activity (polarization) and perform their functions in different physiological and pathological processes (including cancer). Changes in the functional activity of Mph can occur due to the action of a number of external stimuli (cytokines, colony-stimulating factors, products of microbial synthesis, etc.).

The aim of the research was to study the effect of lectin from B. subtilis IMV B-7724 on the state of macrophage polarization in intact mice of the Balb/c strain.

The cytotoxic effect of lectin from B. subtilis IMV B-7724 on the peritoneal Mph of intact Balb/c mice was evaluated in vitro; indices, characterizing the functional activity of Mph with M1 and M2 phenotypes and the levels of STAT-1 and STAT-6 mRNA expression, were determined.

We have shown that the effect of bacterial lectin on peritoneal Mph is concentration-dependent: ≥0.1 mg/ml is cytotoxic while 0.02 and 0.05 mg/ml is stimulating. At low concentrations of lectin there is observed a significant increase in the ratio of NO production to the arginase activity of Mph (NO/Arg), which is characteristic of Mph with the M1 phenotype. Changes in the expression of STAT transcription factors under the influence of the lectin were similar to the changes, found under the combined action of LPS and IFN-γ on Mph. The detected changes in the functional activity of peritoneal Mph of intact mice under the influence of low concentrations of the lectin may be due to the changes in the expression of transcription factors of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Understanding the mechanisms of action of lectin from B. subtilis IMV B-7724 on Mph will open new perspectives for their modulation/polarization
On the Utopian Possibility in Ursula K. Le Guin’s The Dispossessed: A Lacanian Reading
Authors: KABAK Murat
Published: June 2021

Written in 1974, the American writer Ursula K. Le Guin’s The Dispossessed revolves around the central character Shevek’s self-appointed mission to improve the relationship between two planets, Anarres and Urras, by breaking down the walls that are separating these ideological enemies. The novel, in that sense, can be read as one man’s search for an ideal state, rather than a description of a utopian/anti-utopian state. Literary scholars generally focus on various aspects of The Dispossessed in terms of its anarchist politics, ecological politics, and revolutionary politics. This article; however, aims to approach the novel from a Lacanian perspective by addressing the protagonist’s psyche and his relation to the socio-symbolic orders in the novel. By focusing on the characterization of the relations between the subject and the other in an anarchist (as well as a capitalist culture) in The Dispossessed, this article aims to analyze how the novel provides a path towards an ideal state.
A Text in the Communicative Dimension: The Relationship between the Open and Closed Text in the Context of Umberto Eco’s Ideas
Authors: GİLYAZOVA Olga
Published: June 2021

The article addresses the relationship between open and closed texts. The aim of the study is to analyze the specifics of relationship between the open and closed text in the general context of communication between the author and the reader. While supporting mainly U. Eco’s concept in our article, we furnish it with the analysis of four approaches of openness/closedness, which we have singled out. Openness/closedness is conceptualized, firstly: as an ontological perspective of the opposition between the communication parameters: The text-as-process and text-as-outcome; secondly, as interpretation procedures that are common for the articulation of all texts, regardless of their form and contents; thirdly, as the ontological and technological potential of works’ physical unfinishedness that invite the recipient to co-authorship (for example, ‘the work-in-movement’ and hypertext); fourthly, as the ability of a text to provoke multiple or unambiguous interpretations. We also demonstrate that the way of text’s functioning is determined not only by the addressee's attitude to it, but text itself, in return, stimulates this attitude, predisposing to it by its specificity (as informative or artistic, kitsch or art, hypertext or linear text, digital or analog). However, as we explain in the conclusion, the dialectic of openness/closedness can affect the distinctness of these dichotomies: The text can use its openness manipulatively, which turns it into a closed text.
Mâder-i Mevlânâ Mümine Hatun’a Yazılan Manzumeler
Authors: KOYUNCU Zeynep
Published: June 2021

Hz. Mevlânâ (ö. 1273) ve eserleri Osmanlı toplumuna derinden tesir etmiş, bu etki klasik Türk edebiyatına da yansımış, Mevlevî olsun ya da olmasın birçok divan şairi eserlerini Mevlevîlik unsurları ile süslemiştir. Bunun yanı sıra Mevlânâ için methiyeler yazılmış, bu şiirlerde Mevlânâ’nın yakın çevresi ve aile fertlerinden de bahsedilmiştir. Mevlevî şairler Mevlânâ’nın annesi Mümine Hatun’u tıpkı Mevlânâ’yı andıkları gibi anıp övmüş, Mâder-i Mevlânâ’ya hürmetlerini şiirle ifade etmişlerdir. Mevlevî şeyh ve edibi Ahmet Midhat Beytur (ö. 1971) Mümine Hatun için bir kıta yazmış, son dönem Mevlevî şeyh ve şairlerinden Ahmed Remzi Akyürek (ö. 1944) Bir Günlük Karaman Seyahatnamesi içinde geçen beş beyitlik bir tegazzülü Karaman Mevlevîhanesi’ni ziyareti esnasında Mâder-i Mevlânâ’nın manevi huzuruna sunmuştur. Zira Mevlevî adabına göre bir “berg-i sebz” ile de olsa hediye vermek gerekir. Mevlevîlikte kutsal sayılan 9 ve 18 sayıları hediyeleşirken de geçerli olmuştur. Mâder-i Mevlânâ için 18 beyitten oluşan bir kaside kim olduğunu tespit edilemeyen Gâlib (ö. ?) mahlaslı Mevlevî bir şaire aittir. Gâlib’in talik hatlı levha şeklindeki kasidesini görüp çok beğenen Hattat Giritli Şükrü (ö. ?) önce bu kasidenin sonuna nesih hatla 4 beyit eklemiş, ardından kendisi de 19 beyitlik nesih hatlı ayrı bir kaside yazmıştır. Bu levha günümüzde Karaman Mevlevîhânesi’ndedir. Eldeki çalışmada Mâder-i Mevlânâ hakkında kaynaklarda yer alan kısıtlı bilgi verildikten sonra onun için yazılmış dört manzume bir araya getirilmiştir. İncelenen şiirlerin tamamında Mevlânâ’nın annesinin çeşitli sıfatlarla övüldüğü, annelik vasfı ve dinî unsurlar ile kendisinden himmet, yardım, merhamet istendiği görülmüştür.
Türk Tezyinatında Perde
Authors: TAŞ Ela
Published: June 2021

Türk tarihinin erken devirlerinden itibaren ortaya konmuş her türlü eserin bitkisel motifler, geometrik şekiller, çeşitli hatlar, figürlerle tezyin edildiği günümüze ulaşan örneklerden anlaşılmaktadır. Bu süslemeler arasında yer alan ve nesnel motifler grubunda değerlendirilen unsurlardan biri perdedir. Perde ile ilgili kapsamlı bir çalışma yapılmamış olması, unsurun Batı etkisiyle Türk sanatında yer aldığına dair yanlış bir yaklaşımı da beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu çalışma, Batı sanatı vesilesiyle Türk tezyini sanatlarında kendine yer bulduğu söylenen perdenin; duvar resimleri, seramik, minyatür, resim ve mimari gibi unsurlar üzerinde bulunan örnekler eşliğinde, Hunlar döneminden itibaren Türk sanatında kullanım alanı bulduğunu ve kökeninin Orta Asya Türklerine dayandığını ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır.
Van’da Madde Kullanımı ve Bağımlılığı Etkileyen Ailesel Faktörler
Authors: DUMAN Mehmet Zeki
Published: June 2021

Madde kullanımı ve bağımlılığı tüm dünyada olduğu gibi Türkiye’de de her geçen gün daha çok insanın hayatını etkilemekte, hayallerin solmasına, ailelerin parçalanmasına ve gençlerin hayatını kaybetmesine neden olmaktadır. Bireysel olduğu kadar toplumsal boyutuyla da öne çıkan bu sorunun ortadan kaldırılması için her ne kadar uluslararası ve ulusal düzeyde bazı yasal önlemler ve ağır cezai müeyyideler konulmuş olsa da madde ticaretinin küresel çapta bir endüstriyel pazara dönüşmüş olması ve bazı büyük şirketlerin ve kartellerin kara para aklama ve yasadışı insan kaçakçılığı faaliyetlerinde finansal kaynak olarak kullanması nedeniyle bu ticaretin hacmi sürekli artmaktadır. Kimi zaman medyaya da yansıyan, ancak genellikle toplumun büyük bir kesimi tarafından görmezlikten gelinen bu sorunun başta gençler olmak üzere insan ve toplum sağlığı üzerindeki etkisi tahmin edilenden çok daha fazladır. Elinizdeki makale, bu gerçekten hareketle Türkiye’de genelde madde kullanımı ve yaygınlığı, özelde de bir sınır kenti olması nedeniyle uyuşturucu maddeye ulaşılabilirliğin kolay olduğu Van’da kullanıcıların aile yapıları, özellikleri ve madde kullanım nedenleri üzerinde durmuştur. Çalışmanın Van’da yapılmış olmasının temel nedeni, Türkiye’de yıllar itibariyle madde kötüye kullanımının, bağımlılığının ve kaçakçılığının en fazla yapıldığı illerin başında geliyor olmasıdır.
Çocuklarda Benlik Düzenleme ve Benlik Tükenmesi: Benlik Düzenlemenin Gelişimi, Sonuçları ve Sınırlı Kaynak Modeli
Authors: GÖĞER Tuğçe , ARSLANTÜRK Gökhan
Published: June 2021

Etkili benlik düzenleme; okul başarısı, kaliteli sosyal ilişkiler, psikolojik ve fiziksel sağlık gibi yaşamın birçok alanındaki olumlu sonuçlar açısından oldukça önemlidir. Bununla birlikte benlik düzenleme kapasitesi sınırsız değildir. Art arda gelen öz denetim etkinlikleri benlik düzenleme başarısızlıklarına yol açabilir. Sınırlı güç modeline göre benlik düzenleme etkinlikleri sınırlı bir kaynaktan beslenir ve bu kaynak geçici olarak tükenebilir. Kurama göre ego tükenmesi olarak adlandırılan bu durum öz denetim başarısızlıklarının nedenidir. Bu derleme çalışmasında benlik düzenleme ve sınırlı kaynak modeli gelişimsel açıdan ele alınmıştır. Benlik düzenlemenin gelişimi, çocuklardaki benlik düzenleme başarısızlıkları ve öz denetim becerisinin geliştirilmesi üzerine yazın gözden geçirilmiştir. Ayrıca sınırlı güç modeline ilişkin tartışmalara değinilmiş ve gelecekteki çalışmalar için bir bakış açısı sunulmuştur.
Tanzimat Döneminde Askeri Islahatın Kıbrıs’ta Uygulanması
Authors: SAMANİ Hasan
Published: June 2021

Osmanlı yenileşme tarihinde özgün bir yere sahip Tanzimat döneminde birçok yeni kurum oluşturulmuştur. 1571’den bu yana bir Osmanlı adası olan Kıbrıs’ta da Tanzimatın uygulamalarını görmek mümkündür. Mevcut çalışmada Tanzimat döneminde Osmanlı ordu teşkilatı ve askeralma usulü olarak uygulamaya konulan kura sistemi çerçevesinde askerlik hizmetlerinin yeniden düzenlenmesine yönelik ıslahatın Kıbrıs’ta uygulanması incelenmiştir. Kıbrıslı Hıristiyanların askerlik hizmetleri ile ilişkisi çalışmada yer verilen diğer bir konu olmuştur. Sonuç olarak dönem boyunca Kıbrıs’ta konuşlanan askeri birlik, 1874 senesine kadar Tophâne-i Amire’ye, bu tarihten sonra Birinci Ordu’ya bağlı, Akdeniz kalelerinin savunmasından sorumlu bir topçu alayı dairesinde yer almıştır. Kura usulü ve buna bağlı olarak bedelli askerlik hizmetleri adada da uygulanmıştır. Kıbrıslı Müslümanlar 1863-1871 arası dönemde askerliklerini sadece adada yapma ayrıcalıklarını elde etmişlerdir. 1878’de ada idaresinin İngilizlere devredilmesiyle buradaki Osmanlı ordu mevcudiyeti son bulmuştur.
Determination of hydraulic conductivity for granular filters based on constriction size and shape parameters
Authors: Rather Nasir Ahmad , Lone Mohd Akbar , Dar Abdul Qayoom , Huda Mir Bintul
Published: June 2021

This experimental study is an attempt to apply the constriction size concept for determination of hydraulic conductivity of filter material. Five shapes of granular filter material of different gradations were used for the experimental investigations. The controlling constriction size for selected shapes and gradations were worked out and related to the experimental values of hydraulic conductivity. The empirical model for determination of hydraulic conductivity based on controlling constriction size for each shape of granular filter material was developed. Finally, a combined empirical model for the determination of hydraulic conductivity of granular filters was developed based on shape parameters and the controlling constriction size. The model was validated with the experimental data of a past research work; the predicted values of hydraulic conductivity were found in close approximation to the values obtained from the literature. Results of the present work will help in improving the existing design criteria of protective filters, which form an integral part of the safety of hydraulic structures.
Application of clayware ceramic separator modified with silica in microbial fuel cell for bioelectricity generation during rice mill wastewater treatment
Authors: Raychaudhuri Aryama , Sahoo Rudra Narayan , Behera Manaswini
Published: June 2021

Ceramic separators have recently been investigated as low-cost, robust, and sustainable separators for application in microbial fuel cells (MFC). In the present study, an attempt was made to develop a low-cost MFC employing a clayware ceramic separator modified with silica. The properties of separators with varying silica content (10%–40% w/w) were evaluated in terms of oxygen and proton diffusion. The membrane containing 30% silica exhibited improved performance compared to the unmodified membrane. Two identical MFCs, fabricated using ceramic separators with 30% silica content (MFCS-30) and without silica (MFCC), were operated at hydraulic retention time of 12 h with real rice mill wastewater with a chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 3,200 ± 50 mg/L. The maximum volumetric power density of 791.72 mW/m3 and coulombic efficiency of 35.77% was obtained in MFCS-30, which was 60.4% and 48.5%, respectively, higher than that of MFCC. The maximum COD and phenol removal efficiency of 76.2% and 58.2%, respectively, were obtained in MFCS-30. MFC fabricated with modified ceramic separator demonstrated higher power generation and pollutant removal. The presence of hygroscopic silica in the ceramic separator improved its performance in terms of hydration properties and proton transport.
Fabrication of Bi4O5Br2 photocatalyst for carbamazepine degradation under visible-light irradiation
Authors: Mao Xiaoming , Li Min , Li Mengyao
Published: June 2021

Bi4O5Br2 with irregular flake shape was synthesized by a facile and energy-saving hydrolysis method. Its band gap energy (Eg) was 2.1 eV. The formation mechanism was proposed. The Bi4O5Br2 exhibited superb visible-light-induced photocatalytic activity (>90%) toward the oxidation of carbamazepine. The kinetics rate constant (k) attained 0.0196 min−1. The effect of Bi4O5Br2 dosage, initial solution pH value, and inorganic anions on carbamazepine degradation was investigated. During the oxidation process, photogenerated holes (h+) and superoxide radical anions (•O2−) were the main active species. Based on the reaction intermediates results determined through a combined system of liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry, a possible reaction mechanism was speculated. The degree of contamination of carbamazepine solution after treatment was evaluated through the teratogenic effect experiment. After 120 min of visible light exposure, the carbamazepine solution is free of pollution. Also, the as-synthesized Bi4O5Br2 maintains good chemical stability and could be reused in the photodegradation process, indicating its potential in practical applications.
Protective Effect of Anthocyanins on Radiation-induced Hippocampal Injury
through Activation of SIRT3
Authors: Wang Chenchen , Yu Shuna , Jiang Jiying , Li Huiting , Pan Yitong , Li Wanzhen , Bai Chen , Li Ming , Xie Peitong , Liu Jiao , Li Jianguo
Published: June 2021

Background:

Neuronal cell apoptosis is associated with radiation exposure. It is urgent to study the
radiation protection of hippocampal neurons.

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of anthocyanins on radiation and its
potential mechanism.

Materials and Methods:

The irradiation was carried out at room temperature with 4-Gy dose. Anthocyanins
were intraperitoneally administered to rats prior to radiation exposure. The immunohistology and survival of
neurons within the hippocampi, neuroprotective effects of anthocyanin, mean ROS accumulation and SIRT3 expression
by Western Blot and qRTPCR were performed.

Results:

Anthocyanins inhibit radiation-induced apoptosis by activating SIRT3. SIRT3 mRNA increased 24
hours after anthocyanin performed, accompanied by an increase in SIRT3 protein and activity.

Conclusions :

Anthocyanin can effectively resist radiation-induced oxidation and support its role in scavenging
cellular reactive oxygen species. The results showed that anthocyanin protected hippocampal neurons from
apoptosis through the activity of SIRT3 after irradiation.
Mutasynthesis of Medicinally Significant Natural Products Through Manipulation of Gene Governing Starter Unit
Authors: Grover Parul , Sharma Deepak K. , Chhalodia Anuj K. , Mukherjee Debaraj
Published: June 2021

Most of the biologically active microbial natural products and their analogs bear a
complex molecular architecture. The semisynthetic modifications and stereospecific diversity-
oriented synthesis of these native natural products to generate analogs are difficult and
time-consuming. Mutasynthesis is a powerful tool that utilizes the microorganism's genetic
and metabolic engineering skills to produce derivatives of complex natural products of microbial
origin. Mutasynthesis is based on the cellular uptake of chemically modified intermediates
from the culture media and their addition to the secondary metabolism by mutant microorganisms.
This review will describe the importance of mutasynthesis in the generation of
complex microbial secondary metabolites. We have covered a literature search on mutasynthesis
over the last ten years (2011-2020) in this review.
Trimethoxy Crown Chalcones as Multifunctional Class of Monoamine
Oxidase Enzyme Inhibitors
Authors: Maliyakkal Naseer , Ucar Gulberk , Mathew Bijo , Baysal Ipek , Tengli Anandkumar , Almoyad Mohammad Ali Abdullah , Parambi Della Grace Thomas , Gambacorta Nicola , Nicolotti Orazio , Beeran Asmy Appadath
Published: June 2021

Background:

Chalcones with methoxy substituent are considered as a promising
framework for the inhibition of monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzymes.

Methods:

A series of nine trimethoxy substituted chalcones (TMa-TMi) was synthesized and
evaluated as a multifunctional class of MAO inhibitors. All the synthesized compounds were
investigated for their in vitro MAO inhibition, kinetics, reversibility, blood-brain barrier (BBB)
permeation, and cytotoxicity and antioxidant potentials.

Results:

In the present study, compound (2E)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-1-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)prop-
2-en-1-one (TMf) was provided with a MAO-A inhibition constant value equal to 3.47±0.09 μM
with a selectivity of 0.008, thus comparable to that of moclobemide, a well known potent hMAOA
inhibitor (SI=0.010). Compound (2E)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-1-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-
en-1-one (TMh) show good MAO-B inhibition with inhibition constant of 0.46±0.009 μM. The
PAMPA assay demonstrated that all the synthesized derivatives can cross the BBB successfully.
The cytotoxicity studies revealed that TMf and TMh have 88.22 and 80.18 % cell viability at 25
μM. Compound TMf appeared as the most promising antioxidant molecule with IC50 values,
relative to DPPH and H2O2 radical activities equal to 6.02±0.17 and 7.25±0.07 μM. To shed light
on the molecular interactions of TMf and TMh towards MAO-A and MAO-B, molecular docking
simulations and MM/GBSA calculations have been carried out.

Conclusion:

The lead molecules TMf and TMh with multi-functional nature can be further
employed for the treatment of various neurodegenerative disorders and depressive states.