bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lacustrine Cyanobacteria, Algal Blooms and Cyanotoxins in East Africa: Implications for Human and Ecological Health Protection
Authors: Omara Timothy , Nagawa Christine Betty , Kyarimpa Christine , Böhmdorfer Stefan , Rosenau Thomas , Lugasi Solomon Omwoma , Matovu Henry , Odongo Silver , Ssebugere Patrick
Published: February 2023

Advected cyanobacteria, algal blooms and cyanotoxins have been increasingly detected in freshwater ecosystems. This review gives an insight into the present state of knowledge on the taxonomy, dynamics, toxic effects, human and ecological health implications of cyanobacteria, algal blooms and cyanotoxins in the East African Community lakes. The major toxigenic microalgae in East African lakes include Microcystis, Arthrospira, Dolichospermum, Planktolyngbya and Anabaenopsis species. Anatoxin-a, homoanatoxin-a, microcystins (MCs), cylindrospermopsin and nodularin have been quantified in water from below method detection limits to 81 µg L−1, with peak concentrations characteristically reported for the wet season. In whole fish, gut, liver and muscles, MCs have been found at concentrations of 2.4 to 1479.24 μg kg−1, which can pose human health risks to a daily consumer. While there have been no reported cases of cyanotoxin-related poisoning in humans, MCs and anatoxin-a (up to 0.0514 μg kg−1) have been identified as the proximal cause of indiscriminate fish kills and epornitic mortality of algivorous Phoeniconaias minor (lesser flamingos). With the unequivocal increase in climate change and variability, algal blooms and cyanotoxins will increase in frequency and severity, and this will necessitate swift action towards the mitigation of nutrient-rich pollutants loading into lakes in the region.
Untargeted Metabolomics for Integrative Taxonomy: Metabolomics, DNA Marker-Based Sequencing, and Phenotype Bioimaging
Authors: Peters Kristian , Blatt-Janmaat Kaitlyn L. , Tkach Natalia , van Dam Nicole M. , Neumann Steffen
Published: February 2023

Integrative taxonomy is a fundamental part of biodiversity and combines traditional morphology with additional methods such as DNA sequencing or biochemistry. Here, we aim to establish untargeted metabolomics for use in chemotaxonomy. We used three thallose liverwort species Riccia glauca, R. sorocarpa, and R. warnstorfii (order Marchantiales, Ricciaceae) with Lunularia cruciata (order Marchantiales, Lunulariacea) as an outgroup. Liquid chromatography high-resolution mass-spectrometry (UPLC/ESI-QTOF-MS) with data-dependent acquisition (DDA-MS) were integrated with DNA marker-based sequencing of the trnL-trnF region and high-resolution bioimaging. Our untargeted chemotaxonomy methodology enables us to distinguish taxa based on chemophenetic markers at different levels of complexity: (1) molecules, (2) compound classes, (3) compound superclasses, and (4) molecular descriptors. For the investigated Riccia species, we identified 71 chemophenetic markers at the molecular level, a characteristic composition in 21 compound classes, and 21 molecular descriptors largely indicating electron state, presence of chemical motifs, and hydrogen bonds. Our untargeted approach revealed many chemophenetic markers at different complexity levels that can provide more mechanistic insight into phylogenetic delimitation of species within a clade than genetic-based methods coupled with traditional morphology-based information. However, analytical and bioinformatics analysis methods still need to be better integrated to link the chemophenetic information at multiple scales.
Time-Course Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Differential Resistance Responses of Tomato to a Phytotoxic Effector of the Pathogenic Oomycete Phytophthora cactorum
Authors: Zhou Xue , Wen Ke , Huang Shen-Xin , Lu Yi , Liu Yang , Jin Jing-Hao , Kale Shiv D. , Chen Xiao-Ren
Published: February 2023

Blight caused by Phytophthora pathogens has a devastating impact on crop production. Phytophthora species secrete an array of effectors, such as Phytophthora cactorum-Fragaria (PcF)/small cysteine-rich (SCR) phytotoxic proteins, to facilitate their infections. Understanding host responses to such proteins is essential to developing next-generation crop resistance. Our previous work identified a small, 8.1 kDa protein, SCR96, as an important virulence factor in Phytophthora cactorum. Host responses to SCR96 remain obscure. Here, we analyzed the effect of SCR96 on the resistance of tomato treated with this recombinant protein purified from yeast cells. A temporal transcriptome analysis of tomato leaves infiltrated with 500 nM SCR96 for 0, 3, 6, and 12 h was performed using RNA-Seq. In total, 36,779 genes, including 2704 novel ones, were detected, of which 32,640 (88.7%) were annotated. As a whole, 5929 non-redundant genes were found to be significantly co-upregulated in SCR96-treated leaves (3, 6, 12 h) compared to the control (0 h). The combination of annotation, enrichment, and clustering analyses showed significant changes in expression beginning at 3 h after treatment in genes associated with defense and metabolism pathways, as well as temporal transcriptional accumulation patterns. Noticeably, the expression levels of resistance-related genes encoding receptor-like kinases/proteins, resistance proteins, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), transcription factors, pathogenesis-related proteins, and transport proteins were significantly affected by SCR96. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) validated the transcript changes in the 12 selected genes. Our analysis provides novel information that can help delineate the molecular mechanism and components of plant responses to effectors, which will be useful for the development of resistant crops.
Chloride Applied via Fertilizer Affects Plant Nutrition and Coffee Quality
Authors: Santos César , Malta Marcelo Ribeiro , Gonçalves Mariana Gabriele Marcolino , Borém Flávio Meira , Pozza Adélia Aziz Alexandre , Martinez Herminia Emilia Prieto , de Souza Taylor Lima , Chagas Wantuir Filipe Teixeira , de Melo Maria Elisa Araújo , Oliveira Damiany Pádua , Lima Alan Dhan Costa , de Abreu Lívia Botelho , Reis Thiago Henrique Pereira , de Souza Thaís Regina , Builes Victor Ramirez , Guelfi Douglas
Published: February 2023

The present study had the objective to evaluate the effect of blends of KCl and K2SO4 fertilizers and their influence on the yield and the nutritional state of coffee plants, as well as on the chemical composition and quality of the coffee beverage. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with four repetitions and six treatments (T1: 100% KCl; T2: 75% KCl + 25% K2SO4; T3: 50% KCl + 50% K2SO4; T4: 25% KCl + 75% K2SO4; T5: 100% K2SO4; and a control, without application of K). The following analyses were performed: K and Cl content in the leaves and the soil, stocks of Cl in soil, yield, removal of K and Cl with the beans, cup quality of the beverage, polyphenol oxidase activity (PPO), electric conductivity (EC), potassium leaching (KL), the content of phenolic compounds, the content of total sugars (TS), and total titratable acidity (TTA). The stocks of Cl in the soil decreased as the proportion of KCl in the fertilizer was reduced. The fertilization with KCl reduces the cup quality and the activity of the polyphenol oxidase, probably due to the ion Cl. The increase in the application of Cl directly relates to the increase in potassium leaching, electric conductivity, and titratable acidity. Indirectly, these variables indicate damages to the cells by the use of Cl in the fertilizer. The activity of the polyphenol oxidase enzyme and the cup quality indicate that the ion Cl- reduces the quality of the coffee beverage. K content in the leaves was not influenced by the application of blends of K fertilizer while Cl content increased linearly with KCl applied. The application of KCl and K2SO4 blends influenced coffee yield and the optimum proportion was 25% of KCl and 75% of K2SO4. The highest score in the cup quality test was observed with 100% K2SO4.
B-LIME: An Improvement of LIME for Interpretable Deep Learning Classification of Cardiac Arrhythmia from ECG Signals
Authors: Abdullah Talal A. A. , Zahid Mohd Soperi Mohd , Ali Waleed , Hassan Shahab Ul
Published: February 2023

Deep Learning (DL) has gained enormous popularity recently; however, it is an opaque technique that is regarded as a black box. To ensure the validity of the model’s prediction, it is necessary to explain its authenticity. A well-known locally interpretable model-agnostic explanation method (LIME) uses surrogate techniques to simulate reasonable precision and provide explanations for a given ML model. However, LIME explanations are limited to tabular, textual, and image data. They cannot be provided for signal data features that are temporally interdependent. Moreover, LIME suffers from critical problems such as instability and local fidelity that prevent its implementation in real-world environments. In this work, we propose Bootstrap-LIME (B-LIME), an improvement of LIME, to generate meaningful explanations for ECG signal data. B-LIME implies a combination of heartbeat segmentation and bootstrapping techniques to improve the model’s explainability considering the temporal dependencies between features. Furthermore, we investigate the main cause of instability and lack of local fidelity in LIME. We then propose modifications to the functionality of LIME, including the data generation technique, the explanation method, and the representation technique, to generate stable and locally faithful explanations. Finally, the performance of B-LIME in a hybrid deep-learning model for arrhythmia classification was investigated and validated in comparison with LIME. The results show that the proposed B-LIME provides more meaningful and credible explanations than LIME for cardiac arrhythmia signal data, considering the temporal dependencies between features.
Exploring the Potential of Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage in Baltic Sea Region Countries: A Review of CCUS Patents from 2000 to 2022
Authors: Pal Mayur , Karaliūtė Viltė , Malik Shruti
Published: February 2023

Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) refers to technologies that capture carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from sources such as power plants, industrial facilities, and transportation, and either store it underground or use it for beneficial purposes. CCUS can play a role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating climate change, as CO2 is a major contributor to global warming. In the Baltic Sea region countries (BSR), patent searches from 2000 to 2020 reveal that CCUS technologies are focused on CO2 storage, monitoring, utilization, and transport. However, the adoption and deployment of these technologies has been slow due to a variety of factors, including a lack of government action on climate change, public skepticism, increasing costs, and advances in other options such as renewables and shale gas. Overall, CCUS has the potential to significantly reduce CO2 emissions and contribute to climate change mitigation efforts, but more work is needed to overcome the barriers to its widespread adoption in the BSR and elsewhere. This could include policy measures to incentivize the use of CCUS technologies, public education and outreach efforts to increase understanding and support for CCUS, and research and development to improve the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of these technologies.
Modeling, Simulation, Optimization, and Experimental Verification of Mercury Removal onto Natural and Sulfur-Impregnated Zeolite Clinoptilolite—Assessment of Feasibility for Remediation of Mercury-Contaminated Soil
Authors: Ugrina Marin , Jurić Antonija , Nuić Ivona , Trgo Marina
Published: February 2023

In this paper, a series of equilibrium and kinetic experiments of Hg(II) removal in a single-stage batch reactor on natural (NZ) and sulfur-impregnated zeolite (SZ) were performed. Batch sorption of Hg(II) on zeolites was studied using different isothermal and kinetic models. It was found to be best described by the Brouers-Sotolongo isotherm and the Vermeulen’s approximation, which were applied in optimizing the mass and contact time in two-stage cross-current and counter-current flow batch reactors based on the desired criterion of 99.9% removal efficiency. Mathematical models for minimizing zeolite mass and contact time were developed and experimentally verified. The optimum minimum masses of NZ and SZ were calculated for all systems, and a significant saving in SZ consumption was found when the counter-current design was applied. The toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) was applied to mercury contaminated soil from the Idrija mine region in Slovenia to evaluate potential soil toxicity. The results showed that the soil is extremely contaminated and represents hazardous waste. The addition of zeolites significantly reduced the concentration of leached Hg, with the most satisfactory results obtained with SZ. It was found that at the lowest dose of 0.25 g of SZ, the leached Hg concentration was reduced below the maximum concentration criterion of 0.2 mg/L according to the TCLP test. This study revealed that SZ could be a potential sorbent for in situ remediation of mercury contaminated soil.
Curiosity of Preschool Children (4–6 Years of Age) about Religious and Moral Issues
Authors: Koç Ahmet
Published: February 2023

The child is a trust from Allah and the ornament of the worldly life. In the early childhood period, which includes the preschool period, the child asks many questions, wants to understand everything around them, and shows an inexhaustible desire to learn. This research was carried out to examine the opinions of Qur’an course teachers about the religious and moral curiosity of preschool children. A qualitative method was used to ascertain the opinions of 40 participants in 2022. Six themes and 42 codes were determined from the answers provided by the participants to the questions in the semi-structured interview form. A content analysis method with a phenomenology design was used to analyze the data obtained in this study. It was found that children were intensely curious about the religious and moral issues of Allah, the Prophet, angels, death, heaven, hell and prayer; they can ask questions comfortably to satisfy their curiosity, and it was determined that they are excited when asking questions. It was found that teachers reacted positively to satisfy and expand children’s curiosity. In addition, we concluded that family and environmental learning are important factors that increase children’s curiosity, and activities such as drama, games and experiments conducted by teachers increase children’s curiosity.
Social Workers’ Involvement in Policy Practice in Portugal
Authors: Carrilho Rita , Branco Francisco
Published: February 2023

This article presents the results of the first survey-based study in Portugal about the level of involvement of social workers in social policies, aiming to determine if policy practice is embedded in Portuguese social workers’ professional practice and which factors may enhance or constraint such practice. Combining the Civic Voluntarism Model by Verba and colleagues and the Policy Practice Engagement Model by Gal and Weiss-Gal, which were considered as the main predictors of social workers’ engagement in policy practice, this study followed a quantitative approach, based on 265 valid answers to an online survey obtained through snowball sampling. The findings showed a low level of engagement in policy practice activities among the social workers, especially those requiring a greater public exposure and acting with the media, policymakers, or public officers to share opinions, make a proposition, or report a problem. Considering the main factors of the socio-political context, the professional context, the organisational context, and individual factors, the findings showed that individual factors explained most of the differences in the social workers’ involvement in policy practice, especially when considering interest and efficacy. This study pointed out the need for further research in this area.
Technical Differences over the Course of the Match: An Analysis of Three Elite Teams in the UEFA Champions League
Authors: Magni Marco , Zago Matteo , Vago Paola , Vandoni Matteo , Carnevale Pellino Vittoria , Lovecchio Nicola
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the evolution of technical performance indicators over the course of football matches in the UEFA Champions League. Three elite football teams were the sample of the present study and were analyzed throughout four consecutive seasons within the previously mentioned competition. Data from 15 min periods were collected from Wyscout and elaborated. The effects of match location and competition stage were analyzed on nine technical indicators, including ball possession and variables related to offense and goal scoring. The effects of independent variables were assessed both independently and combined. The results showed a significant increase in the frequency of occurrence and accuracy of most of the parameters towards the end of the match. The effect of match location was generally significant with higher rates for teams playing at home. Differences were noted between the two stages of the competition with higher values in the technical indicators registered during the group stage. The existence of significant differences between the initial and final periods of football games was suggested by the results. The so-called home advantage was confirmed. Different team approaches between longer stages (e.g., group stage) and elimination games (i.e., knockout phase) were suggested by the results.
Assessing the Effect of the Economy for the Common Good System on Business Performance
Authors: Campos Vanessa , Sanchis Joan R. , Ejarque Ana T.
Published: February 2023

Extant literature has pointed to organizational hybridity to lever sustainable business transformation. Moreover, some authors hold that there is a possible trade-off between sustainability and performance. However, there is still little empirical evidence on the impact that such sustainability-driven hybridization systems have on performance. Thus, the present study’s main goal is to fill this gap by providing empirical evidence on the impact of the implementation of the Economy for the Common Good, as a sustainability-driven organizational system, on business performance. To do so, the authors relied on a sample of 206 businesses from five European countries. Then, the authors followed a quantitative research approach based on a hierarchical regression analysis that allowed them to test for linear, curvilinear, and moderating effects. The authors found a positive relationship between the implementation of a sustainability-driven hybridization system and firm performance. Besides, they identified some curvilinear effects pointing to the existence of a “too much of a good thing” effect, along with some moderating effects derived from organizational size.
Multi-Omics Analyses Reveal the Mechanisms of Early Stage Kidney Toxicity by Diquat
Authors: Zhang Huazhong , Zhang Jinsong , Li Jinquan , Mao Zhengsheng , Qian Jian , Zong Cheng , Sun Hao , Yuan Beilei
Published: February 2023

Diquat (DQ), a widely used bipyridyl herbicide, is associated with significantly higher rates of kidney injuries compared to other pesticides. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. In this study, we identified the molecular changes in the early stage of DQ-induced kidney damage in a mouse model through transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic analyses. We identified 869 genes, 351 proteins and 96 metabolites that were differentially expressed in the DQ-treated mice relative to the control mice (p < 0.05), and showed significant enrichment in the PPAR signaling pathway and fatty acid metabolism. Hmgcs2, Cyp4a10, Cyp4a14 and Lpl were identified as the major proteins/genes associated with DQ-induced kidney damage. In addition, eicosapentaenoic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid and (R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid were the major metabolites related to DQ-induced kidney injury. Overall, the multi-omics analysis showed that DQ-induced kidney damage is associated with dysregulation of the PPAR signaling pathway, and an aberrant increase in Hmgcs2 expression and 3-hydroxybutyric acid levels. Our findings provide new insights into the molecular basis of DQ-induced early kidney damage.
Theoretical Arguments and Experimental Signals for a Second Resonance of the Higgs Field
Authors: Consoli Maurizio , Cosmai Leonardo , Fabbri Fabrizio
Published: February 2023

Theoretical arguments and lattice simulations suggest that, beside the known resonance of mass mh= 125 GeV, the Higgs field could exhibit a second mass scale (MH)theor=690±10(stat)±20(sys)GeV. In spite of its large mass, the heavier state would couple to longitudinal Ws with the same typical strength as the low-mass state at 125 GeV and thus represent a relatively narrow resonance mainly produced at LHC by gluon–gluon fusion. After summarizing these general aspects, we review a recent analysis of LHC data which support the idea of a new resonance in the predicted mass range. Since the correlation among these measurements is very small and since, with a definite theoretical prediction in some mass region, local excesses should not be downgraded by the look-elsewhere effect, we emphasize the present substantial statistical evidence which could become an important discovery by simply adding two, still missing, key analyses of the full RUN2 statistics.
On the Role of Constraints and Degrees of Freedom in the Hamiltonian Formalism
Authors: Golovnev Alexey
Published: February 2023

Unfortunately, the Hamiltonian mechanics of degenerate Lagrangian systems is usually presented as a mere recipe of Dirac, with no explanation as to how it works. It then comes to discussing conjectures of whether all primary constraints correspond to gauge symmetries, and it goes all the way to absolutely wrong claims such as the statement that electrodynamics or gravity only have two physical components each, with others being spurious. One has to be very careful because non-dynamical, or constrained, does not mean unphysical. In this article, I give a pedagogical introduction to the degenerate Hamiltonian systems, showing both very simple mechanical examples and general arguments about how it works. For the familiar field theory models, I explain why the gauge freedom there “hits twice” in the sense of producing twice as many first-class constraints as gauge symmetries, and why primary, and only primary, constraints should be put into the total Hamiltonian.
Induction of Innate and Adaptive Immune Response against Recombinant HBsAg Protein Entrapped in Docosahexaenoic Acid Nanovesicles through Biomarkers
Authors: Bakkari Mohammed Ali , Moni Sivakumar S. , Alshammari Abdulrahman , Sultan Muhammad H. , Madkhali Osama A. , Almoshari Yosif , Alam Mohammad Firoz , Elmobark Mohamed Eltaib
Published: February 2023

The present study focused on demonstrating the induction of humoral and cell-mediated immunity through the establishment of a cytokine network. We hypothesized the anti-inflammatory, pro-inflammatory, and IgE antibody levels after vaccination with lyophilized recombinant HBsAg-loaded docosahexaenoic acid nanovesicles (LRPDNV), and the efficacy compared well with standard commercial recombinant hepatitis B vaccine. The cytokine network was efficiently regulated by striking a balance between pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8R, and IL-12 and anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-γ immune response on the 14th and 30th day after primary and booster immunization. The acute phase protein CRP level was increased due to IL-6 after immunizing with LRPDNV. On the other hand, the IgE level was not significantly increased to induce any allergic reactions after immunization with LRPDNV. The study concluded that after immunizing with LRPDNV, a significant immunological response was established, implying that DHA nanovesicles have significant potential as an adjuvant method for delivering recombinant HBsAg protein. On the other hand, following immunization with LRPDNV, the IgE level was not noticeably elevated enough to cause any adverse reactions. The study concludes that a robust immune response was developed after immunizing with LRPDNV and suggests that DHA nanovesicles have much potential to deliver recombinant HBsAg protein.
Jogo de tabuleiro - Fenilcetofood
Authors: Monteiro de Barros Fabio , Barbero de Sousa Fernanda , Aparecida de Andrade Silva Gabriela , de Melo Piva Gabriela , de Oliveira Lifante Gabriela , Umekita Min Gabriela , Cristhiambell Souza da Costa Gabriella , de Melo Rodrigues Jéssica , Cuencas Budini Raphael , Cristina de Moraes Malinverni Andréa , Maria Griz Carvalheira Gianna
Published: February 2023

A Fenilcetonúria é uma doença genética rara e hereditária. Sua prevalência global é de 1:10.000 nascidos vivos e no Brasil a incidência varia de 1: 15.000 a 1: 25.000. Apesar do Brasil ser um país com alta prevalência da doença, 62% dos responsáveis por crianças com Fenilcetonúria afirmaram que o sistema de saúde não está preparado para lidar com a doença. Para tentar mitigar a falta de informação, foi elaborado um jogo, chamado Fenilcetofood, para participantes maiores de 10 anos, cujo objetivo é fornecer dados sobre este acometimento, de forma lúdica e dinâmica, democratizando o acesso e promovendo a inclusão.
العلاقة بين أسعار النفط والتضخم في الجزائر: مقاربة ARDL غير الخطية
Authors: عبدالرزاق مدوري
Published: February 2023

تحاول هذه الدراسة استكشاف العلاقة بين تغيرات أسعار النفط والتضخم في الجزائر خلال الفترة الممتدة ما بين 1970-2019، باستخدام نموذج NARDL. وقد أظهرت النتائج وجود تأثيرات غير متماثلة لزيادات أسعار النفط وانخفاضاتها على التضخم في الأجلين القصير والطويل. على وجه التحديد، بيَنت النتائج بأن التضخم كان أكثر استجابة للتغيرات السالبة لأسعار النفط من التغيرات الموجبة، ويعزى ذلك إلى الدعم الكبير الموجه للطاقة. علاوة على ذلك، أكدت النتائج بأن نمو المعروض النقدي بمعناه الواسع (%) وتغير سعر الصرف، وكذلك إجمالي الإنفاق الوطني (% من GDP)، هي المسارات الرئيسية التي تنتقل عبرها تغيرات أسعار النفط إلى التضخم في الأجل الطويل. في الأخير، ينبغي على صناع السياسات والقرار في الجزائر إيجاد بدائل وحلول لتنويع الاقتصاد وحمايته من الصدمات الخارجية.
العلاقة التبادلية بين الميزان التجاري المصري وسعر الصرف خلال الفترة (1971-2020): نموذج الانحدار الذاتي ذو فترات الإبطاء الموزعة ARDL))
Authors: البدوي رضا
Published: February 2023

تهدف الدراسة إلى تحليل العلاقة التبادلية بين الميزان التجاري المصري وسعر صرف الدولار من خلال دراسة العلاقة بين الصادرات والواردات وسعر الصرف في الأدب الاقتصادي وكذلك تطورها في الاقتصاد المصري خلال فترة الدراسة، ومن خلال نموذج الانحدار الذاتي ذو فترات الإبطاء الموزعة واختبارات الحدود تتم دراسة علاقات التكامل المشترك بين تلك المتغيرات في الأجل الطويل ، كما تتم دراسة علاقات الأجل القصير من خلال نموذج تصحيح الخطأ، واستخدمت الدراسة بيانات عن الفترة (1971-2020) في التحليل الوصفي تم اختصارها إلى الفترة (1991-2020) في التحليل القياسي، ومن خلال ثلاثة نماذج قياسية تربط بين متغيرات الدراسة ظهرت وجود علاقات تكامل بين الصادرات والواردات كمتغيرات مستقلة وسعر الصرف كمتغير تابع إلا أنها علاقة غير منطقية، بينما كانت علاقة سعر الصرف كمتغير مستقل بالصادرات والواردات علاقة منطقية متدهورة عبر الزمن مع ارتباط سعر الصرف والصادرات بعلاقة طردية في الأجلين، وكانت العلاقة كذلك طردية بين سعر الصرف والواردات وهو ما يخالف النظرية الاقتصادية وما تم توقعه في هذه الدراسة.
Production of four varieties of Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L), in Úrsulo Galván, Veracruz, Mexico
Authors: Garay-Peralta Ignacio , Herrera-Alarcón Jesús , Díaz-Criollo Alfredo , Escudero-Ramírez Leira Carol
Published: February 2023

Currently, research in the introduction of crops in an area, region, or zone, is essential to determine the potential that the species being introduced may have. Therefore, the importance of introducing four species of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L), in the region of Úrsulo Galván, under a completely randomized experimental design. Specially in those places where monocultures predominate, since the option provided as an alternative must meet several characteristics, among which the main ones are: adaptation, growth, development, production and commercialization. To determine which of the species are those that adapt to the climatic conditions, as well as edaphic conditions of the area. If we add to the above economic improvements in terms of the income received per hectare, it will be much more attractive for producers. However, proposals should also be sought that contribute to reforestation, carbon dioxide capture and that benefits the local species. All the above with the intention of implementing sustainable polycultures and improving the characteristics of the region where they are established, as well as diversifying crops.
How about a Green Caliphate?
Authors: Alkatiri Wardah
Published: February 2023

Over fifty years into global environmental negotiations since the first UN Conference in 1972 on the Human Environment in Stockholm, to the Climate Change Conference COP27 in Sharm El Sheikh in 2022, the major environmental concerns of our time are no closer to being resolved. Negotiations continued to fall by the wayside. Given the commitment to economic development and sovereignty of the nation states, the deadlocks are understandable. Against this background, this article proposes a “Green Caliphate” as a faith-motivated global environmental governance for a network of Sharia-based countries and devout local Muslim communities around the world. The article offers a set of rationales for considering the Green Caliphate in the light of climate emergency from multiple perspectives: social justice, knowledge sharing, and cultural transformation. Drawing on Schumacher’s Small is Beautiful and Ovamir Anjum’s “Who Wants the Caliphate”, this article broaches the concept of a socially and environmentally-responsible caliphate governance which might be in congruent with the Schumacherian pursuit of the “Fourth World” where government and economics are under genuine human control because the size of such units are small, sensible, and human scale, and where the pace of development is in accordance with the religious cosmology of their members to adapt. The Green Caliphate is envisioned on a decolonial horizon of pluriversality towards a multipolar world order.
                    In the cycle of nature there is no such things as victory or defeat; there is only movement.
                    Within that cycle there are neither winners nor losers, there are only stages that must be gone through. Both will pass. One will succeed the other, and the cycle will continue until we liberate ourselves from the flesh and find the Divine Energy.
                                                                                                                                                                  —Paulo Coelho, “Manuscript Found in Accra”
Buying Buddha, Selling Rumi
Authors: Dugan Max Johnson
Published: February 2023

In this topically and theoretically eclectic project, Sophia Rose Arjana analyzes the way that religious consumption perpetuates Orientalism. Arjana focuses on the consumption habits of Nones and New Agers, two amorphous groups linked by their avowed disregard for the strictures of religious traditions. She contends that their clothing, travel, and self-care practices commodify “the Orient” for Western consumers. Arjana terms this field of consumption the “mystical marketplace,” a network of symbols, figures, and objects that circulate non-Christian religious traditions to those desperate for enchantment. Within the mystical marketplace, tourism to Bali or Rumi translations stripped of their Islamic content (220-21) are not, as they might appear, means for learning from other religious traditions. Rather, the mystical marketplace in Buying Buddha, Selling Rumi dislocates religious symbols and entrenches Orientalism. Arjana’s postscript explicates her intention to expose the hegemonies—of whiteness, of coloniality, of Protestant normativity—which structure these forms of consumption. Her engaging concepts and case studies do just that, all in a broadly accessible register.
Tree of Pearls
Authors: Elizabeth Urban
Published: February 2023

Almost any survey of medieval Islamic history will cover the figure of Shajar al-Durr (“Tree of Pearls” in Arabic), who was one of the fewwomen in Islamic history to hold the title of Sultan, and the only one to do so who began her life as a slave. She is also well known as a pivotal figure in Egyptian politics, as she marked the transition between Saladin’s Ayyubid dynasty (1171–1250 CE) and the Mamluk sultanate (1250–1517 CE). However, works that analyze Shajar al-Durr’s biography, reign, and influence often overlook her role as an architectural innovator. In Tree of Pearls, art historian D. Fairchild Ruggles highlights Shajar al-Durr’s architectural innovations and argues that her “architectural patronage…changed the face of Cairo and had a lasting impact on Islamic architecture”.
STRATEGI POLITIK AKAR RUMPUT DALAM PEMENANGAN HALIANA-ILMIATI PADA PEMILIHAN SERENTAK 2020
Authors: Amirudin  , Muh. Zein Abdullah  , Risman
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to find out the grassroots political strategy in winning Haliana-Ilmiati in the 2020 Simultaneous elections in Wakatobi Regency. The research method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques using interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques using qualitative interactive data analysis techniques by reducing data, presenting data and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the winning strategy for the elected regent and deputy regent pairs in the 2020 regional head election in Wakatobi district, the winning team had implemented a grassroots political strategy, where the Haliana-Ilmiati pair hooked up all groups in society, starting from the community leaders, young people and also among mothers. The grassroots political strategy uses 1) segmentation, in which the Haliana-Ilmiati winning team groups voters based on region and age, this is reflected in the vision and mission of the Haliana-Ilmiati pair. 2) Targeted, where the target of the winning team are community leaders, young people and mothers. 3) positioning, where the Haliana-Ilmiati winning team made visits directly to the community to obtain aspirations and find out the needs of the community in Wakatobi.
Transactional Leadership Among Principals of Public Schools in Jordan
Authors: AlAwad Hana
Published: February 2023

هدفت الدراسة إلى معرفة درجة تطبيق أبعاد القيادة التبادلية لدى مديرات المدراس الحكومية بالأردن، ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة تم اعتماد المنهج الوصفي المسحي، وقد طوّرت الباحثة استبانة مكونة من(30) فقرة، وزّعت على ثلاثة أبعاد، بعد التأكد من صدقها وثباتها، طبقت على عينة عشوائية طبقية بسيطة مكونة من (372) معلمة في المدارس الحكومية في لواء الرّصيفة، ومن أبرز النتائج التي توصلت إليها الدراسة: أنّ درجة تطبيق أبعاد القيادة التبادلية لدى مديرات المدراس الحكومية بالأردن كانت ضمن المستوى المرتفع، كما كشفت نتائج الدراسة عن عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (α ≤ 0.05) في درجة تطبيق أبعاد القيادة التبادلية لدى مديرات المدراس الحكومية بالأردن تُعزى إلى متغير المؤهل العلمي، وسنوات الخبرة. أوصت الدراسة بضرورة بناء خطط استراتيجية قابلة للتطبيق لتسهل توظيف القيادة التبادلية بجميع أبعادها في جميع المدارس الأردنية.
FACTORS INFLUENCING TEENAGE PREGNANCIES AND ITS COMPLICATIONS AMONG THE RURAL POPULATION OF CHENGALPATTU DISTRICT – A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Alfred S Jerry , S M Suruliraman , S Manju
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Teen pregnancy is a social and cultural issue that has widespread effects on people's psychological makeup, society, and the
economy of the country. Teen pregnancy is mostly a social issue with medical implications. Pregnancy in the 13–19 age range is considered
'teenage pregnancy.' This research aims to study the various Clinico-socio-demographic factors that inuence teenage pregnancies. Materials &
Methods: This is a cross sectional study with a required sample size of 94, however, a total of 100 participants were enrolled. After obtaining the
informed consent from the participants a pre-tested semi structured questionnaire was used to collect the details regarding the participants and was
lled using interview method. The collected data was analyzed using IBM-SPSS software. Results: Amajority of over 90% of pregnancies were
seen in the ages 18 and 19, and from the educational status of middle and high school. Almost all of the pregnancies reported were from married
women. Majority of the participants (62%) had normal labour, while 29% underwent LSCS. Forceps was used in 5% of the participants while 3%
had an abortion (personal/ health reasons). Furthermore, 94% of the participants were primigravida. The percentage distribution of antenatal care
among teenagers showed 24 patients were not booked and had just one check-up elsewhere. 76 patients were booked and had regular antenatal care
and most of the participants were immunised with at least one dose of TT. Conclusion: Pregnancy can have a tremendous impact on the adolescent
women and her family. The adolescents should be educated on both the physical and mental health complications of early pregnancy and regarding
the safe sexual practices. Teenagers tend to book late for pregnancy and do not make proper use of the facilities for antenatal care. Once the teen is
pregnant, the goal should be comprehensive, medical, psychosocial and educational support, and must continue to focus on the unique needs of
adolescent parents and their children.
REVIEW OF MANAGEMENT OF SMALL BOWEL OBSTRUCTION
Authors: Rao K. Rajeshwar , Rubina Rubina , Ilyas Shoeb Ahmed
Published: February 2023

A major surgical emergency that is frequently found in the emergency unit is small bowel obstruction (SBO). The management of small bowel
obstruction in adults was examined using systematic keyword searches in the Pubmed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases. The timely use of
CT scans can have an impact on clinical outcomes in the management of SBO. Treatment for small bowel obstruction includes both surgical and
non-surgical methods. SBO management is evolving along with the development of evidence-based guidelines and SBO management continues to
change. Review will help Surgeons in treating SBO patients.
STUDY OF ETIOLOGY OF LIVER ABSCESS AND IT'S DIFFERENT WAYS OF MANAGEMENT
Authors: Singh Siddharth , Jauhari R K , Mishra Yukteshwar , Kumar Bhaskar Pankaj
Published: February 2023

Background: Liver abscess are cystic, space occupying lesion within liver parenchyma. It has become one of the most common disease with more
prevalence in underdeveloped and developing countries. Pyogenic liver abscess more common in western world while amoebic liver abscess are
more common in underdeveloped countries and people living with lower socio-economic conditions. Liver abscess, undiagnosed and untreated,
has a very high mortality rate. With early diagnosis and prompt institution of specic therapy, the prognosis is good and the mortality is very low.
Surgical management was the mainstay for treating liver abscess earlier. However, USG guided percutaneous needle aspiration and percutaneous
drainage procedure shown a favorable outcome with less average length of stay in hospital. In this study we aimed to study etiology of liver abscess
and its different ways of management. To study the etiology of liver abscess Aim: Materials And Methods: and its different ways of management.
This is a prospective, observational study was conducted in GSVM Medical College, LLR & Associated Hospitals, Kanpur (UP).Study was done
on 100 patients with different types of liver abscess. Patient with ruptured liver abscess were not included. Outcomes were assessed on the basis of
recurrence (with regular follow ups at one month, three months, six months and one year); relieving of symptoms and length of stay in hospital.
Results: Out of 100 patients majority of patients were in the age range of 31-45 (56.0%) followed by 46-60 (22.0%) with mean age of 40.74±10.53
years. Most of the cases were males (98%), and females (2.0%). Majority of patients were with lower socioeconomic status (96%). Most of the
patient having amoebic liver abscess (66%) with positive ELISA for antibodies, while 34 % of patient having pyogenic liver abscess with 10%
having bacterial growth on culture examination having E.coli . 84% of cases having liver abscess in right lobe and were single (66.0%). On the basis
of their personal history, comorbidities and clinical features, 14.05 were diabetic, 44.0% were alcoholic, 98% were having fever with 60% cases
have chills and rigor and 100% having pain in right upper quadrant. Majority of cases undergone pigt Conclusion: ail treatment were pyogenic
(76.4%) and majority of amoebic abscess were treated with aspiration (72.7%) and difference was found statistically signicant with p value of
0.001. Reduction in size of abscess cavity was observed in all the cases but recurrence was higher in conservative treatment (p=0.007) and length of
stay was higher in pigtail (p<0.001).
Eropaf... en dan?
Authors: de Vries Sjef
Published: February 2023

De ontwikkelingen in het welzijnswerk en de maatschappelijk dienstverlening gaan niet alleen razendsnel maar schetsen ook een radicaal ander perspectief. Vrijwilligerswerk en mantelzorg worden als een alternatief voor psychosociale hulpverlening gezien. Burgerkracht en opbouwwerk, en niet professionele hulpverlening moeten de wezenlijke veranderingen teweegbrengen. De eerste evaluaties en onderzoeken maken echter duidelijk dat dat een te rooskleurige inschatting is van de mogelijkheden van burgers en een onterechte onderschatting van de professionele hulp aan kwetsbare mensen. Sjef de Vries geeft een genuanceerde, goed onderbouwde, maar kritische analyse van het Nieuwe Welzijn. Uitgaande van haar specifieke kracht beschrijft hij de waarde en de belangrijke rol van het sociaal werk in de nieuwe ontwikkelingen.
Medezeggenschap en kwaliteitsverbetering van het onderwijs; Praktische toelichting Wet medezeggenschap op scholen
Authors: Smit Frederik
Published: February 2023

Het onderwijs moet volgens Sander Dekker, staatssecretaris van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap, meer recht doen aan de verschillen tussen leerlingen. De middelmatigheid moet worden doorbroken. De kennis, ervaring en betrokkenheid van de gemeenschap in en rondom de school kan volgens hem nog beter worden benut. De medezeggenschapsraad kan op dit punt een belangrijke rol spelen. Talent vraagt allereerst om een docent die in staat is om leerlingen de aandacht te geven die ze nodig hebben. Leraren kunnen uiteraard ook van elkaar leren door hun klaslokalen open te stellen voor collega’s en met elkaar in gesprek te gaan over lesmethoden, didactiek en omgaan met talenten. De medezeggenschapsraad kan een belangrijke rol spelen bij de kwaliteitsverbetering van het onderwijs. Ouders, leerlingen en personeel kunnen via deze raad meepraten over de beleidsprioriteiten van de school en ze kunnen zelf met beleidsvoorstellen komen en zo mede koers geven aan wat er op school gebeurt. In deze uitgave geeft de auteur aan de hand van actuele onderwerpen een praktische toelichting op de Wet medezeggenschap op scholen. Het boek is bedoeld voor allen die bij de medezeggenschap in het onderwijs betrokken zijn: leden van inspraakorganen, directies en schoolbesturen. Dr. Frederik Smit is senior onderzoeker en coördinator van het Expertisecentrum Ouders, school en buurt, verbonden aan het ITS, Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen. Zijn expertise ligt op het terrein van ouderbetrokkenheid, kinderopvang, medezeggenschap, schoolorganisatie en schoolmanagement.
Medezeggenschap en onderwijs: Succesfactoren voor invloed van leraren, ouders en leerlingen op bestuursbeleid
Authors: Smit Frederik
Published: February 2023

De Wet medezeggenschap op scholen (WMS) brengt personeel, ouders en leerlingen in positie om een positieve en sterke rol te spelen in het besluitvormingsproces op scholen. Een medezeggenschapsraad komt het beste tot zijn recht als zijn mening op waarde wordt geschat en hij invloed weet uit te oefenen op het beleid. Een raad die als een stevige ‘counterpart’ van het bestuur kan optreden, raakt geïnspireerd om het beste uit zichzelf en zijn organisatie te halen. Elk besluit van het bestuur, hoe visionair en inspirerend ook, wordt beter naarmate leden van inspraakorganen in alle vrijheid hun mening erover kunnen geven. Dit boek bevat succesfactoren om invloed van leraren, ouders en leerlingen op het beleid van onderwijsinstellingen te optimaliseren. Dr. Frederik Smit is senior onderzoeker en coördinator van het Expertisecentrum Ouders, school, buurt, verbonden aan het ITS, Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen. In zijn onderzoeksloopbaan heeft hij veel onderzoek verricht op het terrein van de medezeggenschap in het onderwijs.
Anderen stimuleren en jezelf motiveren
Authors: Jaspers Hans
Published: February 2023

Duidelijk wordt dat het motiveren van anderen een onmogelijke opgave is. Mensen kunnen alleen zichzelf motiveren door contact te maken met hun eigen behoeften, doelstellingen en wensen. Een ander kan dat niet voor ze doen. De een kan wel aansluiten op wat een ander nodig heeft zodat die ander zich begrepen voelt in zijn behoeften, zich goed voelt, plannen maakt, daarnaar handelt, zich verder ontwikkelt en zijn kwaliteiten positief inzet. En dat is stimuleren. Stimulerende of juist belemmerende invloeden spelen in menselijke relaties zoals tussen leiding en medewerker, tussen docent en leerling, tussen coach en gecoachte, tussen ouder en kind, tussen leidinggevenden onderling, tussen docenten onderling, etc. Maar ook de cultuur van een gezin, bedrijf of school en de structuur van een gezin, bedrijf of school kan een stimulerende of belemmerende invloed hebben op het gedrag van mensen. Al deze gebieden komen in dit boek aan de orde. Om verschillen in kwaliteiten te benutten en om escalerende spanning en conflicten te voorkomen blijkt dat mensen talloze opties hebben om naar tevredenheid op een lijn met de ander te komen. De inhoud is in klip en klare taal geschreven, met talloze voorbeelden en oefeningen die relevant zijn voor leidinggevenden, medewerkers, docenten, leerlingen, coaches en hulpverleners, studenten die in hun toekomstige werk veel met anderen te maken zullen krijgen, etc. In het boek wordt de mens benaderd als een bio-psycho-sociale eenheid waarbij veel gebaseerd is op de Transactionele Analyse en de systeemtheorie . Drs. J.P. Jaspers is onderwijs- en eerstelijnspsycholoog. Ook is hij internationaal erkend Transactioneel Analyticus (P.T.S.T.A.).
Pengaruh Layanan Konseling Kelompok terhadap Kedisiplinan Belajar pada Siswa Kelas X SMA Ali Maksum Yogyakarta
Authors: Zakiyah Afifatuz , Haryati
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh layanan konseling kelompok terhadap kedisiplinan belajar siswa kelas X SMA Ali Maksum Yogyakarta. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X SMA Ali Maksum yang memiliki kedisiplinan belajar yang rendah. Sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu sebanyak 40 siswa. Teknik pengambilan sampelnya menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, yaitu penentuan sampel berdasarkan karakteristik yang telah ditentukan yaitu siswa kelas X SMA Ali Maksum Yogyakarta yang memiliki kedisiplinan belajar yang rendah. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui Pre-Test dan Post-Test. Pre-Test dilakukan untuk mengumpulkan data sebelum dilakukan Treatment. Pelaksanaannya dilakukan dengan menggunakan angket kedisiplinan siwa dengan skala Likert. Hasil penelitian ini adalah adanya pengaruh positif dari layanan konseling kelompok terhadap kedisiplinan belajar siswa kelas X SMA Ali Maksum.