bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ITAPECERICA METAMAFIC-ULTRAMAFIC ROCKS WITH E-MORB SIGNATURE: OPHIOLITIC REMNANTS OF THE RHYACIAN-OROSIRIAN OROGENY IN SOUTHERN SÃO FRANCISCO CRATON?
Authors: MIRANDA Daniel Andrade , CHAVES Alexandre de Oliveira
Published: June 2023

In the Southern São Francisco Craton near Itapecerica (Minas Gerais – Brazil) occurs a supracrustal succession of rocks, varying from bottom to top by quartzite, graphite schist, khondalitic paragneiss and banded iron formation whose protoliths are from oceanic basin with ages in the context of the Rhyacian-Orosirian orogeny. Amphibolite and metaultramafic bodies occur associated to this succession. Mineralogical and textural features of the amphibolite allow suggesting a gabbroic protolith metamorphosed to granulite facies and retrometamorphosed in amphibolite facies to generate the amphibolite. Geochemistry reveals tholeiitic affinity to the amphibolite protolith, which has an E-MORB signature, associating this rock to an oceanic setting. The association of amphibolite to metaperidotite in oceanic setting suggest the transition of gabbro to ultramafic rocks in a typical ophiolite sequence. A possible suture zone in the Itapecerica/Claudio region formed by the collision between Divinopolis and Campo Belo/Bonfim complexes during the Rhyacian-Orosirian orogeny involving the Itapecerica oceanic basin alongside Claudio Shear Zone and forward to Minas Basin is a suggestive geological setting of the investigated region.
The Applicability of Arduino Microcontroller with a LoRa Shield as an Element in IoT
Authors: Podrzaj Primoz , Pozrl Tomaz , Jenko Marjan , Selak Luka , Skulj Gasper , Rihar Lidija , Vrabic Rok , Bracun Drago , Berlec Tomaz , Kozjek Dominik
Published: June 2023

In this paper an IoT application of LoRa is presented. The application is related to the so-called precision beekeeping. This term is associated with the monitoring of many variables within a hive and in its vicinity, which can assist the beekeeper at all the activities that have to be done in beekeeping practice. In order to achieve that kind of functionality the so called wireless sensor network has to be realized. First an overview of such technologies is given. Our decision was to take LoRa. The core of the system is an Arduino microcontroller with the addition of the LoRa shield. In the paper a process of communication between master and slave unit is described. In order to demonstrate the applicability, the slave unit has an additional temperature sensor attached. The system was verified by a successful temperature measurement lasting several days
Beyond the Coach: Exploring the Efficacy of a Machine Learning Application for Improving Tennis Players' Performance
Authors: Hao Jiawen , Hu Huijun
Published: June 2023

At some point in their lives, most tennis players are likely to encounter the dilemma in which they can't constantlyreceive guidance from a coach. Are there any alternatives that can provide players with the means to improve theirgame? For a tennis player, it is dif icult to always rely on a coach for tips and suggestions [4]. Mundane constraints oftenprevent players from consistently improving their techniques and strokes through the guidance of a professional figure [5]. In this paper, we discuss the prospect of using an application to act in the stead of a coach tohelpaspiring tennis players improve. Using machine learning, the application analyzes and compares two videos of corresponding strokes inputted by users [6]. The AI aligns the frames by clustering the motions of the strokes andthen outputs appropriate tips according to the results [7]. This application will allow tennis players to work onandimprove their performance on occasions where their coaches aren't available, improving both ef iciency andconsistency
Question-Type Identification for Academic Questions in Online Learning Platform
Authors: Rabiee Azam , Goel Alok , D'Souza Johnson , Khanwalkar Saurabh
Published: June 2023

Online learning platforms provide learning materials and answers to students' academic questions by experts, peers, or systems. This paper explores question-type identification as a step in content understanding for an online learning platform. The aim of the question-type identifier is to categorize question types based on their structure and complexity, using the question text, subject, and structural features. We have defined twelve question-type classes, including Multiple-Choice Question (MCQ), essay, and others. We have compiled an internal dataset of students' questions and used a combination of weak-supervision techniques and manual annotation. We then trained a BERT-based ensemble model on this dataset and evaluated this model on a separate human-labeled test set. Our experiments yielded an F1-score of 0.94 for MCQ binary classification and promising results for 12-class multilabel classification. We deployed the model in our online learning platform as a crucial enabler for content understanding to enhance the student learning experience.
Impact of COVID 19 on the Participation of Rural Women in Savings Groups: Case of Umzingwane District in Zimbabwe
Authors: Moyo Givemore , Zimusi Linnet
Published: June 2023

The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of COVID 19 on women in savings groups in rural Zimbabwe using Umzingwane district as a case study. The study adopted a sequential explanatory research design with the view of using mixed research approach. Data was gathered using questionnaires and interviews. The questionnaires were administered to 300 female savings group members and interviews administered to 40 committee members of savings groups in ward 3, 4, 5 and 14 of Umzingwane district in Zimbabwe. The study revealed that the COVID 19 pandemic reduced the ability of the savings groups members to generate income leading to low contributions, poor loan repayments and low levels of emergency funds. The study through Chi Square test found that there was a relationship between the marital status of female savings groups members and their ability to make regular contributions, with mainly married female members being able to make regular contributions. Chi Square test also revealed that ownership of a smartphone was not related to the ability of female savings groups members to regularly attend group meetings. The study also revealed that the measures that were adopted by savings group to ensure that female savings groups members continued to participate in savings groups were loan rescheduling, use of Whatsapp platform as a means of conducting meetings, acceptance of mobile money payments to collect contributions and loan repayments and assigning committee members to visit group members so as to collect contributions and repayments and to check on the members who were always absent. The study recommends that savings groups members should be taught to have diversified sources of income so as to be resilient to the effects of disasters such as COVID 19. The government and development agencies should link savings groups to formal banking so as to have access to diverse financial services which will make them resilient to the effects of disasters.
Acute kidney injury: A nursing challenge
Authors: Lim Fidelindo , Li Allen
Published: June 2023

Rely on interprofessional collaboration, follow the evidence.
The uneven road to new models of care
Authors: Rollins Genna
Published: June 2023

Insight study highlights critical perception gaps between leaders and frontline nurses.
Resenha do livro Um projeto de Democracia
Authors: Queiroz Rodrigo José De Góis
Published: June 2023

Trata-se de uma resenha do livro de David Graeber, Um projeto de democracia.
A produção do espaço pelo turismo no litoral pernambucano: processos e contradições
Authors: Araujo Cristina Pereira de , Santos Denise Betânia Marques dos
Published: June 2023

Esse artigo tem por objetivo apresentar o processo de produção do espaço no litoral pernambucano, a partir do olhar sobre os meios de hospedagem e sua confrontação com os dados de renda e acesso ao saneamento básico, a partir dos dados disponíveis no IBGE, no intuito de evidenciar conflitos e contradições neste processo de produção. Os municípios de Recife, Ipojuca, Tamandaré e Ilha de Itamaracá foram selecionados para análise por apresentarem índices de turistificação elevados, aqui considerados os de segundas residências, em relação aos demais municípios litorâneos, tomando-se os dados disponíveis no Cadastur.
Movimento de resistência socioterritorial pretérito (Século XVIII) que resultou em conflito armado: a Guerra Guaranítica
Authors: Pontes Beatriz Maria Soares
Published: June 2023

O presente trabalho pretende discutir as razões da Guerra Guaranítica realizada pelos índios Guarani, contra as tropas luso-espanholas, no sul do Brasil. A pesquisa começou tecendo algumas considerações sobre o significado de um Tratado e, em seguida, abordou o Tratado de Madrid, de 1750, prosseguindo com reflexões sobre os Sete Povos das Missões, a Colônia do Santíssimo Sacramento, bem como um estudo mais circunstanciado sobre os índios Guaranis. O trabalho termina com a discussão sobre a Guerra Guaranítica, mostrando as suas perdas, os seus ganhos, bem como o significado deste conflito, no âmbito da história da civilização brasileira.
Pour une ville douce
Authors: Bourdeau-Lepage Lise
Published: June 2023

Dans cet article nous plaidons pour baser la réflexion urbaine sur la notion de ville douce. Un certain nombre d’arguments justifient cette nécessité. Nous montrons qu’en mettant l’humain au cœur de la fabrique de la ville, nous sommes amenés à porter une attention toute particulière à l’environnement. Nous révélons qu’une majorité des citadins vit dans un environnement pollué, congestionné, stressant, déshumanisant, favorisant les maladies chroniques. Nous mettons en évidence la surcharge environnementale dont les citadins sont victimes, surcharge qui handicape leurs relations avec leurs semblables. Nous soulignons également qu’ils sont exposés à une surcharge virtuelle. Toutes ces raisons expliquent le désir de la nature et le développement d’une conscience écologique des citadins. Ainsi, nous révélons que cette approche humaniste de la ville permet d’envisager d’une autre manière les défis sociaux et environnementaux qui se présentent à nous. Ensuite, nous dressons un portrait de ce que pourrait être cette ville douce. Pour finir, nous concluons avec quelques considérations sociétales et rappelons qu’il est temps de réconcilier l’homme et l’environnement pour aller vers une société apaisée, moins prédatrice.
Mainstreaming equity considerations into environmental policymaking: the case of the Bosnia and Herzegovina Environmental Strategy and Action Plan
Authors: Strambo Claudia , Solujić Saša
Published: June 2023

This report describes the approach used to mainstream gender equality, social equity and poverty (GESEP) considerations into the project Development of the Environmental Strategy and Action Plan of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Miocardiopatía hipertrófica obstructiva. Reporte de caso clínico
Authors: Yánez Alvarez Indira , Velasco Salazar Maxwell , Cabezas Orozco Rómulo , Quintero Cevallos Evita , Ordoñez Fernández Juan Manuel , Cerón López Eliana
Published: June 2023

La miocardiopatía hipertrófica es una enfermedad hereditaria común que ocurre en 1 de cada 500 individuos y afecta a ambos sexos, aunque las mujeres son diagnosticadas con menos frecuencia que los hombres. Hasta en un 60% de los adolescentes y adultos la enfermedad se hereda de forma autosómica dominante, causado por mutaciones en genes de proteínas sarcoméricas cardíacas. Sus manifestaciones clínicas son variadas, desde la hipertrofia ventricular izquierda asintomática o la insuficiencia cardíaca progresiva, hasta la muerte súbita cardíaca. Los síntomas comunes incluyen disnea, dolor torácico, palpitaciones y síncope. Se presenta el caso de un paciente masculino de 46 años, con diagnóstico previo de miocardiopatía hipertrófica a los 26 años, ingresa con disnea de esfuerzo clase funcional IV y cianosis periférica. Por medio del ecocardiograma transtorácico se confirma el diagnóstico de una miocardiopatía hipertrófica severa obstructiva del ventrículo izquierdo, requiriendo miectomía septal, con favorable evolución.
MAKNA PEMBEBASAN : SEBUAH REFLEKSI PEMBEBASAN BERDASARKAN KITAB ESTER
Authors: Ranggalodu Fransina
Published: June 2023

Umat Yahudi sangat menderita dan tertekan akibat undang-undang yang telah dikeluarkan Haman meliputi seluruh negeri Persia. Penderitaan di sini adalah sebuah kata majemuk yang memperlihatkan baik kondisi fisik maupun batin umat Yahudi. Mereka adalah bangsa tawanan, masyarakat kelas dua yang tidak punya kekuatan untuk memperjuangkan nasibnya sendiri. Mereka pasrah seutuhnya pada tindakan dan karya Allah bagi kehidupan mereka. perjuangan pembebasan Ester dapat dimaknai bukan sekedar pembebasan bangsa Yahudi dari pemusnahan, tetapi juga merupakan pengangkatan hak-hak kaum tertindas, masyarakat kelas dua, bangsa yang lemah dan tak berdaya. Pembebasan itu juga bermakna sebagai kelepasan bagi kaum perempuan untuk mampu mengeluarkan hak suaranya, permohonannya didengar dan dihargai. Untuk memahami teks ini maka penulis menggunakan metode hermeneutik sosio-historis lalu akan dikaji secara teologis makna pembebasan yang terdapat dalam kitab Ester, sebab pembebasan dalam kitab Ester memiliki makna yang luas dan kompleks, yang pada akhirnya mengarah pada kebebasan yang bertanggung jawab. Pembebasan dalam Kitab Ester menginspirasi dua prinsip yang paling mendasar yang perlu dikembangkan gereja masa kini. Pertama, pengakuan atas perlu atau mendesaknya pembebasan dari setiap jenis penindasan, baik politik, ekonomi, sosial, seksual, rasial, maupun agamawi. Kedua, penegasan bahwa teologi harus tumbuh dari komunitas-komunitas basis Kristen, bukan dipaksakan dari atas
Analysis of Media Discourse and Social Audienceson Refugees in the Conflict in Ukraine
Authors: Martinez de Bartolome Ireide , Rivera Martín Beatriz
Published: June 2023

The anonymity provided by social networks offers those who promote the rejection of refugees an ideal space to publish and expand their discriminatory discourse. The aim of this research is to analyse the discourse of the social audience of the Spanish press in relation to refugees. In this sense, we have extracted and analysed the comments written by Twitter users on the news referring to refugees as a result of the Russian invasion of Ukraine during the month following the start of the conflict (from 24 February to 24 March 2022) by the five newspapers with the largest number of followers on this social network: El País, El Mundo, ABC, eldiario.es and La Vanguardia. A total of 1.581 comments on 232 news items. Through the critical analysis of the discourse, the positioning of the media themselves and their social audience on refugees in the context of the conflict was determined. On a quantitative level, a content analysis of the feedback received by the media was carried out to measure the impact generated by this type of news. The results obtained show the different frames in which refugees are represented, with negative frames being understood as indicators of rejection and hatred.
Processeurs pour l’Internet des objets
Authors: VAN DER WOLF Pieter , TANURHAN Yankin
Published: June 2023

L’Internet des objets (IoT) permet un « monde intelligent » dans lequel plusieurs milliards de dispositifs communiquent pour fournir des fonctionnalités avancées. Ce chapitre analyse les exigences de calcul des dispositifs IoT et discute des capacités de processeurs qui prennent en charge la mise en œuvre efficace de tels dispositifs. Des exemples concrets de processeurs polyvalents, configurables et extensibles sont présentés.
mMPU, une architecture polyvalente de calcul dans la mémoire basée sur memristor
Authors: ELIAHU Adi , BEN HUR Rotem , HAJ ALI Ameer , KVATINSKY Shahar
Published: June 2023

Ce chapitre décrit l’architecture mMPU conçue pour utiliser des nouvelles technologies de mémoire non volatile, appelées memristors, pour exécuter différentes opérations logiques directement dans la mémoire, évitant ainsi le gaspillage d’énergie associé au mouvement des données. La méthode utilisée pour l’exécution de la logique en mémoire et la conception du contrôleur de mémoire sont présentées en détail.
Méthodes matérielles de distribution des accès en banc mémoire
Authors: VIANES Arthur , ROUSSEAU Frédéric
Published: June 2023

Les architectures multi-cœurs ont évolué vers des structures en grappe contenant chacune plusieurs cœurs et une mémoire locale partagée. Pour améliorer les performances, la mémoire locale est divisée en plusieurs bancs. Ce chapitre présente les solutions matérielles permettant d’améliorer les performances des accès multi-bancs, allant du codage d’adresse par fonction de hachage à l’utilisation de bancs mémoire supplémentaires.
Vers un traitement en bande de base des communications sans fil de l’ordre du Tbit/s
Authors: HERRMANN Matthias , WEHN Norbert
Published: June 2023

Ce chapitre est consacré au codage de canal, qui constitue une source majeure de complexité dans le traitement numérique en bande de base. Il met en évidence les défis de la mise en œuvre des techniques de codage de canal avancées (turbo codes, codes LDPC et polaires) pour des exigences de débit au-delà de la 5G, approchant le 1 Tbit/s.
Architecture de serveur pour un centre de données post-Moore
Authors: FALSAFI Babak
Published: June 2023

L’émergence des centres de données est une réponse au changement de paradigme informatique vers l’informatique en nuage. Ce chapitre présente les approches récentes et prometteuses de la nouvelle conception logicielle/matérielle des serveurs des centres de données du futur, permettant d’intégrer l’hétérogénéité dans le silicium et facilitant la mise à l’échelle de plate-formes avec les matrices de réseau émergentes.
Ordonnancement du flux de travail IoT basé sur la qualité de service
Authors: MOKNI Marwa , YASSA Sonia
Published: June 2023

L’ordonnancement des applications de l’Internet des objets est sensible à la latence. Malgré les capacités de calcul et de stockage du Cloud computing, les valeurs de latence sont affectées. Par conséquent, cette limitation du Cloud a conduit au développement du paradigme du Fog Computing basée par l’approche d’ordonnancement par un système multi-agents pour exploiter les fonctionnalités indépendantes de chaque agent.
Comparaison de modèles d’apprentissage automatique et d’apprentissage profond
Authors: FLEURY SOARES Gustavo , PUDHUPATTU RAMAMURTHY Induraj
Published: June 2023

Pour réaliser un audit, l'utilisation de toutes les informations disponibles relatives à l'univers ou au sujet de l'audit pourrait améliorer la qualité des résultats. La classification des documents textuels de l'audit pourrait permettre l'utilisation d'informations supplémentaires pour améliorer les données structurées existantes, ce qui conduirait à une meilleure connaissance pour soutenir le processus d'audit. Nous avons appliqué cette démarche au traitement du langage naturel.
Approche hybride pour la navigation autonome des robots mobiles
Authors: YAHYAOUI Khadidja
Published: June 2023

La conception d'une architecture de contrôle est un problème central dans un projet de réalisation d'un robot mobile autonome. Nous utilisons le paradigme multi-agents et le mécanisme d'inférence basé sur la logique floue dans la conception de l'architecture de contrôle pour la navigation autonome du robot mobile. L'architecture développée doit tenir compte des contraintes imposées du système multi-agents et de l'environnement.
Figshare : une place pour les résultats de la recherche scientifique ouverte
Authors: HAHNEL Mark
Published: June 2023

Lancé en 2012, Figshare est aujourd’hui l’un des grands entrepôts de données de recherche internationaux. Quel est son statut ? Quels sont ses objectifs, ses fonctionnalités, ses points forts ? La plupart des entrepôts sont disciplinaires. Quelle est la place pour un entrepôt généraliste ou générique ? Quels sont les enjeux et les perspectives ?
L’option d’un entrepôt national
Authors: RICHOU Louki-Géronimo , SCHÖPFEL Joachim
Published: June 2023

Ce chapitre analyse la demande et décrit les fonctionnalités et caractéristiques d’un entrepôt de données de recherche à vocation nationale. Certains pays ont mis en place un tel entrepôt, d’autres non. Pourquoi ? Quelles sont les alternatives ?
Combustibles de synthèse à partir de ressources hydrocarbonées
Authors: RODAT Sylvain , ABANADES Stéphane
Published: June 2023

Ce chapitre fait état des principales voies de production de carburants de synthèse à partir de l’énergie solaire concentrée et des matériaux carbonés. D’une part, il est possible de convertir les hydrocarbures (gaz, liquides) par thermolyse ou reformage. D’autre part, les solides carbonés peuvent être gazéifiés pour produire un gaz de synthèse.
Fluides caloporteurs pour centrales solaires
Authors: FLAMANT Gilles
Published: June 2023

Dans une centrale solaire, le fluide caloporteur circule dans le récepteur (absorbeur) et transfère la chaleur vers le système de stockage ou de conversion de la chaleur en électricité (le cycle thermodynamique). Les domaines de température d’utilisation des différents caloporteurs et leurs propriétés thermophysiques sont présentés ainsi que les coefficients d’échange associés en régime turbulent.
Impact of Precipitation Mass Sinks on Midlatitude Storms over a Wide Range of Climates
Authors: Abbott Tristan H. , O'Gorman Paul A.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Precipitation formation and fallout affects atmospheric flows through the release of latent heat and through the removal of mass from the atmosphere, but because the mass of water vapor is only a small fraction of the total mass of Earth's atmosphere, precipitation mass sinks are often neglected in theory and models. However, a small number of modeling studies suggest that water mass sources and sinks can intensify heavily-precipitating weather systems. These studies point to a need to more systematically verify the impact of neglecting precipitation mass sinks, particularly for warmer and moister climates in which precipitation rates can be much higher. In this paper, we add precipitation mass sources and sinks to an idealized general circulation model and examine their effects on steady-state midlatitude storm track statistics across a wide range of climates, including very warm climates. We find that modifying the model to include mass sources and sinks has no detectable effect on midlatitude variability or extremes, even in climates much warmer and moister than the modern. However, we find that a tenfold exaggeration of mass sources and sinks is sufficient to produce more intense midlatitude weather extremes and increase surface pressure variance. This result is consistent with theoretical potential vorticity analysis, which suggests that the dynamical effects of mass sources and sinks are much smaller than the dynamical effects of accompanying latent heating unless mass sinks are artificially amplified by at least a factor of 10. Finally, we use simulations of "tropical cyclone worlds" to attempt to reconcile our results with earlier work showing stronger deepening in a simulation of a tropical cyclone case study when precipitation mass sinks were included. We demonstrate that abruptly "turning on" mass sources and sinks can lead to stronger transient deepening in some individual storms (consistent with results of past work) but weaker transient deepening in other storms, without modifying the steady-state statistics of storms in equilibrium with the large-scale environment (consistent with our other results). Our results provide a firmer foundation for using general circulation models that neglect moist mass sources and sinks in climate simulations, even in climates much warmer than today, while leaving open the possibility that their inclusion might lead to short-term improvements in forecast skill.
Jet aircraft lubrication oil droplets as contrail ice-forming particles
Authors: Ponsonby Joel , King Leon , Murray Benjamin , Stettler Marc
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The radiative characteristics and lifetime of contrails are dependent on the number concentration of ice-forming particles in the engine exhaust plume. Aircraft gas turbine engines produce a variety of particles, yet it is understood that non-volatile black carbon aggregates are the dominant source of ice-forming particles with typical, fossil-derived jet fuel. However, with cleaner combustion technologies and the adoption of alternative fuels (e.g., hydrogen or synthetic aviation fuel), non-volatile black carbon particle emissions are expected to decrease or even be eliminated. Under these conditions, contrail properties will depend upon the concentration and characteristics of particles other than black carbon. Ultrafine (<100 nm) jet lubrication oil droplets constitute a significant fraction of the total organic particulate matter released by aircraft, however their ability to form contrail ice crystals is hitherto unexplored. In this work, we experimentally investigate the activation and freezing behaviour of lubrication oil droplets using an expansion chamber, assessing their potential as ice-forming particles. We generate lubrication oil droplets with a geometric mean mobility diameter of (100.9 ± 0.6) nm and show that these activate to form water droplets despite their hydrophobicity. These subsequently freeze when the temperature is below ~235 K. We find that nucleation on lubrication oil droplets should be considered in future computational studies - particularly under soot-poor conditions - and that these studies would benefit from particle size distribution measurements at cruise altitude. Overall, taking steps to reduce lubrication oil number emissions would help reduce the climate impact of contrail cirrus.
High-resolution U.S. methane emissions inferred from an inversion of 2019 TROPOMI satellite data: contributions from individual states, urban areas, and landfills
Authors: Nesser Hannah , Jacob Daniel J. , Maasakkers Joannes D. , Lorente Alba , Chen Zichong , Lu Xiao , Shen Lu , Qu Zhen , Sulprizio Melissa P. , Winter Margaux , Ma Shuang , Bloom A. Anthony , Worden John R. , Stavins Robert N. , Randles Cynthia A.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. We quantify 2019 methane emissions in the contiguous U.S. (CONUS) at 0.25° × 0.3125° resolution by inverse analysis of atmospheric methane columns measured by the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI). A gridded version of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory (GHGI) serves as the basis for the prior estimate for the inversion. We optimize emissions and quantify observing system information content for an eight-member inversion ensemble through analytical minimization of a Bayesian cost function. We achieve high resolution with a reduced-rank characterization of the observing system that optimally preserves information content. Our optimal (posterior) estimate of anthropogenic emissions in CONUS is 30.9 (30.0–31.8) Tg a-1, where the values in parentheses give the spread of the ensemble. This is a 13 % increase from the 2023 GHGI estimate for CONUS in 2019. We find livestock emissions of 10.4 (10.0–10.7) Tg a-1, oil and gas of 10.4 (10.1–10.7) Tg a-1, coal of 1.5 (1.2–1.9) Tg a-1, landfills of 6.9 (6.4–7.5) Tg a-1, wastewater of 0.6 (0.5–0.7), and other anthropogenic sources of 1.1 (1.0–1.2) Tg a-1. The largest increase relative to the GHGI occurs for landfills (51 %), with smaller increases for oil and gas (12 %) and livestock (11 %). These three sectors are responsible for 89 % of posterior anthropogenic emissions in CONUS. The largest decrease (28 %) is for coal. We exploit the high resolution of our inversion to quantify emissions from 73 individual landfills, where we find emissions are on median 77 % larger than the values reported to the EPA’s Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program (GHGRP), a key data source for the GHGI. We attribute this underestimate to overestimated recovery efficiencies at landfill gas facilities and to under-accounting of site-specific operational changes and leaks. We also quantify emissions for the 48 individual states in CONUS, which we compare to the GHGI’s new state-level inventories and to independent state-produced inventories. Our posterior emissions are on average 34 % larger than the 2022 GHGI in the largest 10 methane-producing states, with the biggest upward adjustments in states with large oil and gas emissions, including Texas, New Mexico, Louisiana, and Oklahoma. We also calculate emissions for 95 geographically diverse urban areas in CONUS. Emissions for these urban areas total 6.0 (5.4–6.7) Tg a-1 and are on average 39 (27–52) % larger than a gridded version of the 2023 GHGI, which we attribute to underestimated landfill and gas distribution emissions.
An improved subgrid channel model with upwind-form artificial diffusion for river hydrodynamics and floodplain inundation simulation
Authors: Rong Youtong , Bates Paul , Neal Jeffrey
Published: June 2023

Abstract. An accurate estimation of river channel conveyance
capacity and the water exchange at the river–floodplain interfaces is
pivotal for flood modelling. However, in large-scale models limited grid
resolution often means that small-scale river channel features cannot be
well-represented in traditional 1D and 2D schemes. As a result instability over
river and floodplain boundaries can occur, and flow connectivity, which has
a strong control on the floodplain hydraulics, is not well-approximated. A
subgrid channel (SGC) model based on the local inertial form of the shallow
water equations, which allows utilization of approximated subgrid-scale
bathymetric information while performing very efficient computations, has
been proposed as a solution, and it has been widely applied to calculate the
wetting and drying dynamics in river–floodplain systems at regional scales.
Unfortunately, SGC approaches to date have not included the latest developments
in numerical solutions of the local inertial equations, and the original
solution scheme was reported to suffer from numerical instability in low-friction regions such as urban areas. In this paper, for the first time, we
implement a newly developed diffusion and explicit adaptive weighting factor
in the SGC model. Adaptive artificial diffusion is explicitly included in
the form of an upwind solution scheme based on the local flow status to
improve the numerical flux estimation. A structured sequence of numerical
experiments is performed, and the results confirm that the new SGC model
improved the model performance in terms of water level and inundation
extent, especially in urban areas where the Manning parameter is less than
0.03 m-1/3 s. By not compromising computational efficiency, this improved
SGC model is a compelling alternative for river–floodplain modelling,
particularly in large-scale applications.
Impacts of a double-moment bulk cloud microphysics scheme (NDW6-G23) on aerosol fields in NICAM.19 with a global 14-km grid resolution
Authors: Goto Daisuke , Seiki Tatsuya , Suzuki Kentaroh , Yashiro Hisashi , Takemura Toshihiko
Published: June 2023

Abstract. In accordance with progression in current capabilities towards high-resolution approaches, applying a convective-permitting resolution to global aerosol models helps comprehend how complex cloud-precipitation systems interact with aerosols. This study investigates the impacts of a double-moment bulk cloud microphysics scheme, i.e., NICAM Double-moment bulk Water 6 developed in this study (NDW6-G23), on the spatiotemporal distribution of aerosols in the Non-hydrostatic ICosahedral Atmospheric Model as part of the version 19 series (NICAM.19) with 14 km grid spacing. The mass concentrations and optical thickness of the NICAM-simulated aerosols are generally comparable to those obtained from in situ measurements, but some aerosol species, especially dust and sulfate, have larger differences among the experiments with NDW6 and NSW6 compared to those among the experiments with different horizontal resolutions, i.e., 14 km and 56 km grid spacing, as shown in a previous study. The simulated aerosol burdens using NDW6 are generally lower than those using NSW6; the instantaneous radiative forcing due to aerosol-radiation interaction (IRFari) is estimated to be -1.57 Wm-2 (NDW6) and -1.86 Wm-2 (NSW6) in the global annual mean values of shortwave all-aerosol radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere (TOA). This difference among the experiments using different cloud microphysics modules, e.g., 0.29 Wm-2 or 16 % difference in IRFari values, is attributed to a different ratio of column precipitation to the sum of the column precipitation and column liquid cloud water, which strongly determines the magnitude of wet deposition in the simulated aerosols. Since the simulated ratios in the NDW6 experiment are larger than those of the NSW6 result, the scavenging effect of the simulated aerosols in the NDW6 experiment is larger than that in the NSW6 experiment. A large difference between the experiments is also found in the aerosol indirect effect (AIE), i.e., the shortwave effective radiative forcing due to aerosol-cloud interaction (ERFaci) from the present to preindustrial days, which is estimated to be -1.34 Wm-2 (NDW6) and -0.63 Wm-2 (NSW6) in global annual mean values. The magnitude of the ERFaci value in the NDW6 experiment is larger than that in the NSW6 result, probably due to the differences in the susceptibility of the simulated cloud water to the simulated aerosols and partly due to the nonlinear relationship between the ERFaci and AOT under different AOTs. Therefore, this study shows the importance of the impacts of the cloud microphysics module on aerosol distributions through both aerosol wet deposition and AIE.
THE METHOD OF MULTI-CRITERIA ANALYSIS FOR DETERMINING THE FLOOD-HAZARDOUS AREA AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES
Authors: Apshikur B. , Kurmangaliyev T. B. , Goltsev A. G. , Alimkulov M. M. , Kapasov A. K.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The city of Ust-Kamenogorsk, East Kazakhstan region, annually has a high risk of flooding and flooding of territories caused by spring snowmelt. These extreme phenomena are one of the most dangerous natural disasters, as they cause enormous socio-economic damage to the coastal settlements of the city. In the flood zone, agricultural and residential facilities, as well as engineering and technical infrastructure facilities are indicated. In some years, the funds allocated by the local buzhet to restore the damage caused by the disaster are not enough. One of the most effective means of stopping the consequences of such natural phenomena is an early warning system. Forecasting and modeling of hydrological phenomena can be provided using new IT technologies, some of which are Geoinformation technologies (GIS technologies) based on the cartographic method.In addition to modern advanced data processing methods in the GIS environment, the article presents a water collection design for emergency protection by calculating the main influencing factors of flooding and determining specific scales of flood levels in river valleys near settlements, determining the area of reservoirs collected at a risk control point at specific flood sites, as well as analyzing the detected ers material. The prospects for the use of GIS technologies as a means of forecasting and modeling floods caused by annual floods during the spring snowmelt period are also outlined, an analysis of the real situation is carried out, and a simple design of the shore for use in extreme conditions during periods of flooding is given.
HARNESSING PHOTOGRAMMETRY FOR WHITEWATER SLALOM COURSES IN NATURAL RIVERBEDS: AN INNOVATIVE APPROACH FOR COURSE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
Authors: Pollert J. , Strogonov V.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Whitewater slalom, a thrilling and challenging water sport, requires carefully designed courses that provide a dynamic and engaging experience for athletes. Traditional methods of designing slalom courses in natural riverbeds have relied on manual measurements and estimations, which can be time-consuming, labour-intensive, and subject to human error. However, with the advent of photogrammetry, a cutting-edge technology that involves the use of aerial or ground-based cameras to capture and process 3D data from images, there is a new frontier in designing and analysing white water slalom courses.This article explores the usage of photogrammetry in the context of white-water slalom course design in natural riverbeds. It highlights how photogrammetry can revolutionize the course design process by providing accurate and detailed 3D models of the riverbed terrain, which can be used for virtual simulations, rapid prototyping, and precise analysis of different design options. The advantages of using photogrammetry include improved accuracy, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness in comparison to traditional methods.The article concludes by discussing the challenges and limitations of using photogrammetry for whitewater slalom course design, including issues related to data acquisition, processing, and accuracy. Despite these challenges, the potential of photogrammetry in revolutionizing the design and analysis of white-water slalom courses in natural riverbeds is immense, and it opens up exciting opportunities for further research, innovation, and advancement in the field of water sports.
Large-scale risk assessment on snow avalanche hazard in alpine regions
Authors: Ortner Gregor , Bründl Michael , Kropf Chahan M. , Röösli Thomas , Bühler Yves , Bresch David N.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Snow avalanches are recurring natural hazards that affect the population and infrastructure in mountainous regions, such as in the recent avalanche winters of 2018 and 2019, when considerable damage was caused by avalanches throughout the Alps. Hazard decision makers need detailed information on the spatial distribution of avalanche hazards and risks to prioritize and apply appropriate adaptation strategies and mitigation measures and thus minimize impacts. Here, we present a novel risk assessment approach for assessing the spatial distribution of avalanche risk by combining large-scale hazard mapping with a state-of-the-art risk assessment tool, where risk is understood as the product of hazard, exposure and vulnerability. Hazard disposition is modeled using the large-scale hazard indication mapping method RAMMS::LSHIM (Rapid Mass Movement Simulation::Large-Scale Hazard Indication Mapping), and risks are assessed using the probabilistic Python-based risk assessment platform CLIMADA, developed at ETH Zürich. Avalanche hazard mapping for scenarios with a 30-, 100- and 300-year return period is based on a high-resolution terrain model, 3 d snow depth increase, automatically determined potential release areas and protection forest data. Avalanche hazard for 40 000 individual snow avalanches is expressed as avalanche intensity, measured as pressure. Exposure is represented by a detailed building layer indicating the spatial distribution of monetary assets. The vulnerability of buildings is defined by damage functions based on the software EconoMe, which is in operational use in Switzerland. The outputs of the hazard, exposure and vulnerability analyses are combined to quantify the risk in spatially explicit risk maps. The risk considers the probability and intensity of snow avalanche occurrence, as well as the concentration of vulnerable, exposed buildings. Uncertainty and sensitivity analyses were performed to capture inherent variability in the input parameters. This new risk assessment approach allows us to quantify avalanche risk over large areas and results in maps displaying the spatial distribution of risk at specific locations. Large-scale risk maps can assist decision makers in identifying areas where avalanche hazard mitigation and/or adaption is needed.
Percepções da velhice e transição para a aposentadoria de pessoas adultas mais velhas
Authors: Silva Maria das Neves , Cavaco Carmen
Published: June 2023

O aumento da longevidade provocou o incremento da população adulta mais velha. Assim sendo, este texto visa analisar percepções sobre a velhice e as transições para a aposentadoria em pessoas adultas mais velhas. Os dados empíricos resultaram de entrevistas biográficas com seis pessoas adultas aposentadas, decorrentes de uma investigação biográfica. O quadro conceptual incide nas histórias de vida e nas transições biográficas, na velhice e no envelhecimento, na aposentadoria e na formação experiencial. As pessoas adultas aposentadas entrevistadas evidenciam uma tendência de associação do envelhecimento e da velhice à incapacidade e à inatividade. A transição para a aposentadoria é vivenciada de múltiplas formas, de acordo com a experiência e a singularidade de cada sujeito. Contudo, há uma tentativa generalizada de preservação da autonomia, do reconhecimento de si e da identidade. Na vivência da adultez tardia, os sujeitos valorizam capacidades essenciais para a vida como o poder de falar, o poder de narrar e o poder de agir.
المسؤولية المهنيّة عن الأخطاء الطبية (دراسة فقهية مقارنة تطبيقية)
Authors:   ماجستير الفقه، كلية الشريعة والأنظمة، جامعة الطائف، المملكة العربية السعودية, الجبيري محمد
Published: June 2023

لا خلاف في أن دور الطبيب في التداوي هو بذل العناية وكل الجهد للوصول إلى علاج نافع فعال، يُسهم - بأمر الله- في رفع أو تخفيف ما بجسد المريض من علة أو داء، والشريعة الإسلامية قد حثّت على التداوي، لما فيه من تقوية الأبدان، لتقدر على تحقيق ما أراده الله من خلق الإنسان، والطبيب بشرٌ يُخطئ في طبّه كما يُخطئ البشر في سائر شؤونهم، إذ أنّ مسألة الأخطاء أثناء العلاج من قبل الطبيب واردة عقلاً كما هو الحال في مختلف الأعمال والمهن – والخطأ الطبّي يتعلّق بأرواح وأجساد الآخرين، وقد يكون معذوراً فيه‘ وقد يكون مقّراً وهناك احتمالاتُ عدّة، لذا سيتناول هذا البحث الحكم على الأثر الذي تركه خطأ الطبيب في جسد المريض سواء أقرّ به الطبيب المخطئ أو شهد على وجوده من هم في حكم الطبيب وعلمه (أهل الخبرة والاختصاص)، وأما موقف الفقه الإسلامي من مسؤولية الأطباء والجراحين، فإن هذه المسؤولية لم تكن معروفة فحسب، بل كان لها من القواعد الدقيقة ما يجعل تنظيمها في جوهره أقرب ما يكون إلى أحدث ما وصلت إليه أرقى الشرائع المدنية في الزمن الحالي، فقد جاء في زاد المعاد للإمام العلامة ابن القيم الجوزيّة إذ قال:"قال الخطابي لا أعلم خلافا في أن المعالج إذا تعدى فتلف المريض كان ضامنا، والمتعاطي علما أو عملا لا يعرفه، متعديا، فإذا تولد من فعله التلف ضمن "(ابن القيم، دت، 3/101)، ومن أجل ذلك استخرت الله تعالى في هذا الموضوع ليكون بحثاً في هذا المجال وجعلته بعنوان: (المسؤولية المهنيّة عن الأخطاء الطبية).
أزلية أفعال الله تعالى و آراء المخالفين فيها ِ
Authors:   أستاذ العقيدة والمذاهب المعاصرة المساعد، قسم الدراسات الإسلامية، جامعة الجوف، المملكة العربية السعودية, الضويحي إيمان
Published: June 2023

يتحدث هذا الموضوع عن: [أزلية أفعال الله تعالى وآراء المخالفين فيها]. وتكمن أهمية هذا البحث في اختصاصه بالحديث عن أزلية أفعال الله تعالى، والتي تُعد إحدى القضايا الخلافية بين أهل السنة والجماعة، وبين الفِرَق الأخرى؛ حيث إنَّ أهل السنة والجماعة يُثبتون لله-عزَّ وجلَّ- صفات الأفعال، وأنها قديمة أزلية، ومتعلقة بمشيئته سبحانه. في حين تُنكر بعض الفِرَق ذلك، ويُؤولون الصفات، ولهم آراؤهم في أفعال الله تعالى الأزلية والتي تُخالف منهج أهل السنة والجماعة. وتم تناول البحث في مبحثين جاء في المبحث الأول: معنى الأزلية والأبدية لغة في اصطلاح أهل السنة والجماعة وتضمن على ثلاثة مطالب، في المطلب الأول: معنى الأزلية في اللغة وفي المطلب الثاني: معنى الأبدية في اللغة، وفي المطلب الثالث: معنى الأبدية والأزلية في أفعال الله في اصطلاح أهل السنة والجماعة، ثم المبحث الثاني بعنوان: أزلية وأبدية أفعال الله تعالى عند المخالفين. وتضمن على ثلاثة مطالب: في المطلب الأول: معنى أفعال الله تعالى عند أهل السنة والجماعة، وفي المطلب الثاني: أزلية وأبدية أفعال الله عند الفلاسفة، وفي المطلب الثالث: أزلية وأبدية أفعال الله تعالى عند المتكلمين. وقد اعتمد البحث على المنهجين: الوصفي والمقارن. وتوصل البحث إلى عددٍ من النتائج، كان أهمها: صحة ما ذهب إليه أهل السنة والجماعة في قضية أزلية أفعال الله تعالى، ومن ثم لا بد من إثبات جميع أفعال الله تعالى الواردة في القرآن والسنة، والإيمان والتسليم بأنها جزء من التوحيد، مع العلم لمعانيها وتفويض الكيفية لله- عز وجل-. وأنَّ أفعال الله تعالى نوعان: أفعال لازمة، وأفعال متعدية. وأنَّ الأبد هو الزمان الذي ليس له ابتداء ولا انتهاء ويشمل الأزل.
أثر استخدام استراتيجية التعلم التعاوني لتنمية مهارات الحس العددي لتلاميذ الصف الثالث الابتدائي من وجهة نظر المعلمات
Authors:   ماجستير التربية في الطفولة المبكرة، قسم رياض الأطفال، كلية التربية، جامعة الملك فيصل، المملكة العربية السعودية, الخميس أسماء
Published: June 2023

هدفت الدراسة إلى الكشف عن: أثر استخدام استراتيجية التعلم التعاوني في تنمية مهارات الحس العددي لتلاميذ الصف ثالث ابتدائي من وجهة نظر المعلمات، أثر استخدام استراتيجية التعلم التعاوني في تنمية مهارات تأثير العمليات الحسابية على الأعداد واستخدام الأعداد والعمليات الحسابية في المواقف الحياتية، والتعبير بالأعداد عن علاقات ممثلة بنماذج بصرية أو لفظية لتلاميذ الصف الثالث ابتدائي من وجهة نظر المعلمات، ولتحقق أهداف الدراسة تم اعتماد المنهج الوصفي المسحي، والاستبانة المكونة من (23) فقرة موزعة على (3) محاور تم تطبيقها على عينة الدراسة التي بلغ عددها (128) معلمة من معلمات الصفوف الأولية بالقطاع الحكومي بمحافظة الأحساء، حيث تم اختيارهن بأسلوب العينة (العشوائية)، وأظهرت نتائج الدراسة: أثر لاستخدام استراتيجية التعلم التعاوني في تنمية مهارات الحس العددي جاءت بدرجة كبيرة جدا: توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين متوسط استجابة أفراد عينة الدراسة للأثر استخدام استراتيجية التعلم التعاوني لتنمية مهارات الحس العددي لتلاميذ الصف الثالث ابتدائي لصالح المعلمات التي خبراتهن من (5-10) سنوات، لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين متوسط استجابة أفراد عينة الدراسة للأثر استخدام استراتيجية التعلم التعاوني لتنمية مهارات الحس العددي لتلاميذ الصف الثالث ابتدائي تعزى لمتغير الدورات التدريبية، وتوصي الدراسة: بأهمية توظيف نماذج التعلم التعاوني في إكساب تلاميذ مرحلة الطفولة المبكرة المفاهيم والمهارات الرياضية بشكل عام و مهارات الحس العددي بشكل خاص.
التضليل الكلامي في الخطابات الاستعمارية (منشورات نابليون بونابرت إلى الشعب المصري أنموذجًا)
Authors:   طالبة ماجستير في البلاغة، قسم اللغة العربية، كلية الآداب، جامعة الإمام عبد الرحمن بن فيصل، المملكة العربية السعودية, البقمي ماريّا
Published: June 2023

يهدف البحث إلى تسليط الضوء على الجانب الخفي -على البسطاء- من السياسة الاستعمارية الفرنسية في مصر والتي اتبّعها نابليون بونابرت من خلال الخطابات المضللة المخادعة والتودد فيها لمسلمي مصر عن طريق اللعب على وتر الدين الإسلامي، السلام، المحبة، والرغبة في تطوير مصر؛ ليكسب ود المصريين وثقتهم فيكفوا عن مقاومته ومحاولة طرده من بلادهم وهذا سيجعله يتوغل بينهم وينجح في مخططاته من دون أن يتكبد أي خسائر في الجيش أو السلاح. وتكمن أهمية البحث في كشف خبايا هذه الخطابات الخبيثة وتأثيرها النفسي على المصريين ومقاومتهم، وتحليل أساليب هذه الخطابات وألفاظها المنتقاة. واستخدمنا المنهج الوصفي التحليلي الذي من خلاله درسنا ظاهرة التضليل الكلامي وحللناها وتوصلنا إلى نتائج هذه الخطابات والتي كانت مدمرة. وسنتطرق لذكر جهود المستشرقين وتعاونهم مع المستعمرين في كتابة الخطابات وكيف استغلوا خبرتهم في الإسلام ليحاربوا به المسلمين. وفي النهاية سنعرض النتائج والتوصيات في أهمية تعلم اللغة العربية والعقيدة الإسلامية الصحيحة لكافة طبقات المجتمع لما فيهما من أهمية بالغة لا يُستهان بها لدرجة أن أعداء العرب عامة والمسلمين خاصة استخدموهما كسلاح للسيطرة على المسلمين ونجحوا في ذلك والأمثلة لهذا كثيرة. وكما أن الجهل في اللغة العربية والدين الإسلامي نقطة ضعف كبيرة، فعلمنا بهما سيعطينا الوعي الكافي بالثغرات التي يحاول العدو الدخول من خلالها بين صفوف المسلمين لخلخلتها سواءً في الإعلام أو الخطابات الخبيثة.