bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Review on positional significance of LSTM and CNN in the multilayer deep neural architecture for efficient sentiment classification
Authors: Ramaswamy Srividhya Lakshmi , Chinnappan Jayakumar
Published: July 2023

The deep learning revolution in the current decade has transformed the artificial intelligence industry. Eventually, deep learning techniques have become essential for many computational modeling tasks. Nevertheless, deep neural models provide a high degree of automation for natural language processing (NLP) applications. Deep neural models are extensively used to decode public reviews subjective to specific products, services, and other social activities. Further, to improve sentiment classification accuracy, several neural architectures have been developed. Convolutional neural networks (CNN) and Long-short term memory (LSTM) are the popular deep models employed in ensemble architectures for sentiment classification tasks. This review article extensively compares the competence of CNN and LSTM-based ensemble models to improve the sentiment accuracy for online review datasets. Further, this article also provides an empirical study on various ensemble models concerning the position of LSTM and CNN for efficient sentiment classification. This empirical study provides deep learning researchers with insights into building effective multilayer LSTM and CNN models for many sentiment analysis tasks.
Disk failure prediction based on association analysis and SSA-LSTM
Authors: Bai Xiaojun , Pan Zhaofeng , Meng Gong , Wang Shenhang , Fu Yanfang
Published: July 2023

Hard disk is the main storage device for cloud service, and there always contain massive disks deployed in a data center. Disk failure occur frequently in data center, which may lead to data loss and other disasters, so there have urgent needs for a failure prediction method of hard disk so as to ensure service reliability. This paper proposes a temporal prediction model based on LSTM. Firstly, the SMART data of the disk is analyzed, and the Pearson correlation coefficient is used to analyze the correlation between the monitoring time series data of the faulty disk and the normal disk, and the monitoring index with the lowest correlation is selected as the fault feature; secondly, for the problem of serious imbalance of positive and negative samples in the SMART dataset, the SMOTEENN algorithm is introduced for oversampling to obtain a balanced dataset of positive and negative samples. The proposed method improves accuracy by 8.268% and F1-score by 8.657% compared to the conventional method.
Self Management dan Kualitas Hidup Penderita Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Apriyeni Emira , Patricia Helena , Rahayuningrum Dwi Christina
Published: July 2023

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) menyebabkan keterbatasan aktivitas penderitanya dan akan mempengaruhi kualitas hidup. Keterbatasan aktivitas dan komplikasi penyakit dapat di minimalkan dengan melaksanakan self management untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan self management dengan kualitas hidup penderita rheumatoid arthritis. Penelitian dilaksanakan diwilayah kerja Puskesmas Kemantan Kabupaten Kerinci pada penderita Rheumatoid Athritis. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 50 orang dengan teknik Purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan analisa menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar responden mengalami kualitas hidup yang kurang baik (64,0%) dan Self Management yang kurang baik (68,0%). Hasil analisa lebih lanjut di dapatkan p value = 0,000 yang berarti terdapat hubungan antara Self Management dengan Kualitas Hidup penderita Rheumatoid Arthritis. Kesimpulan penelitian ini didapatkan ada hubungan antara Self Management dan kualitas hidup pada penderita Rheumatoid Arthritis. Oleh karena itu diharapkan pasien dapat lebih meningkatkan self management sehingga kualitas hidupnya semakin baik.
Verification of cuproptosis-related diagnostic model associated with immune infiltration in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Jiang Mingyang , Liu Kaicheng , Lu Shenyi , Qiu Yue , Zou Xiaochong , Zhang Ke , Chen Chuanliang , Jike Yiji , Xie Mingjing , Dai Yongheng , Bo Zhandong
Published: July 2023

Background

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease closely related to inflammation. Cuproptosis is a newly discovered unique type of cell death, and it has been found that it may play an essential role in the occurrence and development of RA. Therefore, we intend to explore the potential association between cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) and RA to provide a new biomarker for the treatment and prognosis of RA.

Methods

Download GSE93777 datasets from the GEO database. Variance analysis was performed on the CRGs that had been reported. Then, the random forest (RF) model and nomogram of differentially expressed CRGs were constructed, and the ROC curve was used to evaluate the accuracy of the diagnostic model. Next, RA patients were subtyped by consensus clustering, and immune infiltration was analyzed in each subgroup to confirm the correlation between CRGs and abundance of immune cells. The expression levels of CRGs were verified by qRT-PCR.

Results

Eight differentially expressed CRGs (DLST, DLD, PDHB, PDHA1, ATP7A, CDKN2A, LIAS, DLAT) were screened out by differential analysis to construct an RF model. The ROC curve proved that this model had good diagnostic accuracy. Based on the above eight significant CRGs, a nomogram was built to predict effective and high-precision results. The consensus clustering method identified two CRG patterns. Most of the immune cells were enriched in cluster A, indicating that cluster A may be related to the development of RA. Finally, qRT-PCR verified the expression of eight key genes, further confirming our findings.

Conclusion

The diagnosis model of RA based on the above eight CRGs has excellent diagnostic potential. Based on these, patients can be divided into two different molecular subtypes; it is expected to develop a new treatment strategy for RA.
Citizen scientists reveal small but concentrated amounts of fragmented microplastic on Arctic beaches
Authors: Pasolini Franco , Walther Bruno Andreas , Bergmann Melanie
Published: July 2023

Plastic production and plastic waste have increased to such an extent that it has become globally ubiquitous. Recent research has highlighted that it has also invaded remote Polar Regions including the Arctic, where it is expected to accumulate over time due to transport from distant sources, rising local anthropogenic activities and increasing fragmentation of existing ocean plastics to microplastics (plastic items <5 mm). While a growing body of research has documented microplastics in the atmosphere, cryosphere, sea surface, water column, sediments and biota, contamination levels on Arctic beaches are poorly known. To fill this knowledge gap, we engaged citizen scientists participating in tourist cruises to sample beach sediments during shore visits on Svalbard, Norway. Following drying, sieving, and visual inspection of samples under a binocular microscope, putative plastic particles ≥1 mm were analysed by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. Plastic particles ≥1 mm were found in two out of 53 samples from 23 beaches (mean: 196.3 particles kg−1 and 147.4 particles L−1). These pollution levels could be due to our focus on plastic particles ≥1 mm as well as the relatively small sample sizes used during this initial phase of the project. In addition, the coarse substrate on most beaches might retain fewer plastic particles. The two samples with plastic particles ≥1 mm contained six polyester-epoxide particles and 4920 polypropylene fibres. The latter likely originated from a fishing net and points to possibly accelerated plastic fragmentation processes on Arctic beaches. Since fisheries-related debris is an important source of plastic on Svalbard, a build-up of microplastic quantities can be expected to burden Arctic ecosystems in addition to climate change unless efficient upstream action is taken to combat plastic pollution.
Static pressure and dynamic impact characteristics of filled jointed rock after frozen-thaw cycle damage
Authors: Chai Shaobo , Liu Huan , Song Lang , Li Xianpeng , Fu Xiaodong , Zhou Yongqiang
Published: July 2023

In the construction project, rock mass is often destroyed from the joint plane, and the jointed rock mass is easy to be eroded by freeze-thaw environment. Therefore, the damage mechanical properties of filled jointed rock mass under freeze-thaw action are very important for construction disaster prevention, engineering safety evaluation and reinforcement. In order to research the effect of the freeze-thaw cycle on the mechanical deterioration properties and damage characteristics of filled jointed rocks, prefabricated filled jointed rock samples are tested with different numbers of freeze-thaw cycles under the temperature range of -20°C~20°C. Then the wave velocity test, static compression test and SHPB impact test are conducted on the rock samples after freeze-thaw. Based on the test results, the change regularity of wave velocity degradation, static compression mechanical properties and dynamic compression mechanical properties of filled jointed rocks under the effect of freeze-thaw cycles were analyzed. The results show that the wave velocity, static compressive strength and dynamic compressive strength of the filled jointed rocks all show a downtrend with the increase of the number of freeze-thaw cycles, and each parameter is positively correlated with the strength of the filling materials. Among them, the decrease in the wave velocity of the rock sample after 30 freeze-thaw cycles is greater than 30%, and the strength loss of the static peak compressive strength exceeds half of its initial strength. The static peak strain rises exponentially with the increase of the number of freeze-thaw cycles while the dynamic peak strain does not show a clear trend. The dynamic peak strain is about 1/10 to 1/5 of the static peak strain. Under the same freeze-thaw action, the lower the strength of filling material, the more serious the damage.
Activated PI3Kδ syndrome – reviewing challenges in diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Vanselow Sven , Wahn Volker , Schuetz Catharina
Published: July 2023

Activated PI3Kδ syndrome (APDS) is a rare inborn error of immunity (IEI) characterized primarily by frequent infections, lymphoproliferation and autoimmunity. Since its initial description in 2013, APDS has become part of the growing group of nearly 500 IEIs affecting various components of the immune system. The two subtypes of APDS - APDS1 and APDS2 - are caused by variants in the PIK3CD and PIK3R1 genes, respectively. Due to the rarity of the disease and the heterogeneous clinical picture, many patients are not diagnosed until years after symptom onset. Another challenge is the large number of PIK3CD and PIK3R1 variants whose functional significance for developing APDS is inconclusive. Treatment of APDS has so far been mostly symptom-oriented with immunoglobulin replacement therapy, immunosuppressive therapies and antibiotic or antiviral prophylaxes. Additionally, allogeneic stem cell transplantation as well as new targeted therapies are options targeting the root cause that may improve patients’ quality of life and life expectancy. However, the clinical course of the disease is difficult to predict which complicates the choice of appropriate therapies. This review article discusses diagnostic procedures and current and future treatment options, and highlights the difficulties that physicians, patients and their caretakers face in managing this complex disease. This article is based on cohort studies, the German and US guidelines on the management of primary immunodeficiencies as well as on published experience with diagnosis and compiled treatment experience for APDS.
Recombination of the right cerebral cortex in patients with left side USN after stroke: fNIRS evidence from resting state
Authors: Shi Shanshan , Qie Shuyan , Wang Hujun , Wang Jie , Liu Tiejun
Published: July 2023

Objective

Unilateral spatial neglect (USN) is an impaired contralesional stimulus detection, response, or action, causing functional disability. After a stroke, the right hemisphere experiences USN more noticeably, severely, and persistently than the left. However, few studies using fNIRS have been reported in cases of USN. This study aimed to confirm weaker RSFC in USN and investigate the potential inherent features in hemodynamic fluctuations that may be associated with USN. Furthermore, these features were combined into a mathematical model for more accurate classification.

Methods

A total of 33 stroke patients with right-sided brain damage were chosen, of whom 12 had non-USN after stroke, and 21 had USN after stroke (the USN group). Graph theory was used to evaluate the hemodynamic signals of the brain's right cerebral cortex during rest. Furthermore, a support vector machine model was built to categorize the subjects into two groups based on the chosen network properties.

Results

First, mean functional connectivity was lower in the USN group (0.745 ± 0.239) than in the non-USN group (0.843 ± 0.254) (t = −4.300, p < 0.001). Second, compared with the non-USN group, USN patients had a larger clustering coefficient (C) (t = 3.145, p < 0.001), local efficiency (LE) (t = 3.189, p < 0.001), and smaller global efficiency (GE) (t = 3.047, p < 0.001). Notably, there were differences in characteristic path length (L) and small worldness (σ) values between the two groups at certain thresholds, mainly as higher L (t = 3.074, p < 0.001) and lower small worldness (σ) values (t = 2.998, p < 0.001) in USN patients compared with non-USN patients. Finally, the classification accuracy of the SVM model based on AUC aC (t = −2.259, p = 0.031) and AUC aLE (t = −2.063, p = 0.048) was 85%, the sensitivity was 75%, and the specificity was 89%.

Conclusion

The functional network architecture of the right cerebral cortex exhibits significant topological alterations in individuals with USN following stroke, and the sensitivity index based on the small-world property AUC may be utilized to identify these patients accurately.
The development of an immersive mixed-reality application to improve the ecological validity of eating and sensory behavior research
Authors: Long John W. , Masters Bart , Sajjadi Pejman , Simons Christopher , Masterson Travis D.
Published: July 2023

Introduction

The modern eating environment has been implicated as a driving force of the obesity epidemic. Mixed reality applications may improve traditional methodological assessments of eating behavior by improving the ecological validity of the laboratory setting.

Methods

Research experts evaluated the utility and ecological validity of a mixed reality application that allowed immersion within virtual environments through utilizing the passthrough cameras of the head mounted display to view and interact with real foods. An initial evaluation was conducted that involved three virtual environments: a traditional laboratory booth, a non-textured restaurant, and a full-textured restaurant. The feedback from the initial evaluation was used to create a new virtual restaurant environment and a subsequent evaluation was conducted.

Results

Nearly all research experts suggested adding social cues such as people and background noise to create a more authentic and ecologically valid experience. The experts scored the new virtual restaurant environment to be more acceptable than eating or conducting research in a sensory booth but scored lower when compared to conducting research in a real-world restaurant setting.

Discussion

The results of this evaluation suggest that mixed reality applications may be a new methodology to assess environmental influences of eating behavior and may be a promising direction for eating behavior and sensory science research.
Responses of phenology, yield attributes, and yield of wheat varieties under different sowing times in Indo-Gangetic Plains
Authors: Sattar Abdus , Nanda Gangadhar , Singh Gulab , Jha Ratnesh Kumar , Bal Santanu Kumar
Published: July 2023

A field experiment with wheat was conducted at Pusa (25.98°N, 85.67°E, 52 m amsl), Bihar (middle Gangetic plains of India), to assess the responses of phenology, yield attributes, and yield to growing season temperature and heat stress. For this purpose, wheat was planted on five dates (viz., 15 November, 25 November, 5 December, 15 December, and 25 December) for three consecutive years (viz., 2014–2015, 2015–2016, and 2016–2017) with three prominent cultivars of the region (viz., RAU-3711, HD-2824, and HD-2733). Five dates of sowing represent different wheat-growing micro-environments as imposed by varying sowing dates encompassing the entire sowing window. The study observed the significant effect of sowing dates on phenophase duration. In general, with progress in the date of sowing, tiller initiation was delayed, while the reverse trend was observed for later growth phases. Sowing environments significantly influenced the number of effective tillers m−2. Average numbers of effective tillers (ET) m−2 for the wheat sown during 15–25 November were almost 11.6% higher than those of the 25 December sown crop. Grain filling duration (GFD) showed a declining trend with the advancement of sowing dates due to increased thermal load on the crop during the reproductive period. 15 November planted crop exhibited the highest GFD (47 days), which was shortened significantly beyond 25 November, signifying agrometeorological non-suitability of wheat sowing beyond this window. Wheat sown on 25 November recorded the highest grain yield (3.21 Mg ha−1), 48.61% higher than the 25 December sown crop due to the congenial thermal regime. In this context, we have identified optimal and sub-optimal conditions to escape heat stress for higher wheat productivity. Moreover, the sum of deviation of temperature from optimum thresholds, computed for sensitive growth phases (50% flowering to physiological maturity), helped us to identify heat stress and its impact on wheat. Genotype-by-environment (GGE) biplot analysis revealed that RAU-3711 was found to be the most stable cultivar. A decrease in the yield of wheat by 4.9% to 12.0%, sown during November, and 33.8% to 42.4%, sown during December, is predicted in 2050-51 and 2080-81, respectively, under RCP 4.5.
Comparing reappraisal and acceptance strategies to understand the neural architecture of emotion regulation: a meta-analytic approach
Authors: Monachesi Bianca , Grecucci Alessandro , Ahmadi Ghomroudi Parisa , Messina Irene
Published: July 2023

Introduction

In the emotion regulation literature, the amount of neuroimaging studies on cognitive reappraisal led the impression that the same top-down, control-related neural mechanisms characterize all emotion regulation strategies. However, top-down processes may coexist with more bottom-up and emotion-focused processes that partially bypass the recruitment of executive functions. A case in point is acceptance-based strategies.

Method

To better understand neural commonalities and differences behind different emotion regulation processes, in the present study, we applied the Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) method to perform a meta-analysis on fMRI studies investigating task-related activity of reappraisal and acceptance. Both increased and decreased brain activity was taken into account in the contrast and conjunction analysis between the two strategies.

Results

Results showed increased activity in left-inferior frontal gyrus and insula for both strategies, and decreased activity in the basal ganglia for reappraisal, and decreased activity in limbic regions for acceptance.

Discussion

These findings are discussed in the context of a model of common and specific neural mechanisms of emotion regulation that support and expand the previous dual-routes models. We suggest that emotion regulation may rely on a core inhibitory circuit, and on strategy-specific top-down and bottom-up processes distinct for different strategies.
Food literacy competencies in youth – a mini-review
Authors: Groufh-Jacobsen Synne , Medin Anine Christine
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Young people’s transition into adulthood is an opportunity in the life course to establish adequate eating behaviors, hence exploring food literacy competencies in this period of life is especially important. Food literacy has recently gained increased attention in adults, adolescents, and younger children, but less is published about youth. This paper aims to summarize what tools have been used to measure food literacy and the sub-competence nutrition literacy in youth aged 16–24 years in the previous 5 years.

Methods

A mini-literature review was conducted in MEDLINE and EMBASE via Ovid, in September 2022. Study eligible criteria; had to be an original article, using a tool to quantitatively assess food literacy and/or nutrition literacy, including participants between 16–24 years, full text available in English, published between 2017–2022.

Results

A total of 958 articles were identified, of which 385 duplicates were removed. Thus, 573 articles were screened by title/abstract. Finally, nine articles were eligible for data extraction of which four proposed a tool to measure food literacy and five proposed a tool to measure nutrition literacy.

Discussion and conclusion

Although four studies claimed to measure food literacy, none of these used tools comprehensive enough to measure all aspects of food literacy, and only one was validated in young people. This study shows that only few tools exist for the measurement of food literacy in youth, and those available are scant. Further work is needed to develop a food literacy tool for youth.
Improving Students' Basic Arabic Writing Skills (Imla Manzur) Through The Card Sort Method
Authors: Yusuf Salma Sabila , Abdurrahman Maman , Khalid Shofa Musthofa
Published: July 2023

This with the card sort method. Of the 56 samples taken randomly and classified into two classes research is quasi-experimental research conducted on class VIII students of SMP Mathlaul Anwar Margahayu, whose sample consists of two classes: experimental and control. This study aimed to determine the results of improving students' basic Arabic writing skills after learning imla manzur in collaboration with different treatments, it was found that there was a difference between the results of the writing ability of the experimental class and the results of the control class' writing ability which was indicated by the results of the hypothesis testing of 0.000. The value of 0.000 <0.05 resulted in Ho being rejected and Ha is accepted, or it can be concluded that there was a significant influence on the learning outcomes of the imla manzur class applying the card sort method.

Keywords : arabic writing skills, card sort method, imla manzur
Role of International Convention in Environment Protection
Authors: - Akrati Sharma , - Dr. Rahul Sharma
Published: July 2023

It studies how environmental conventions and agreements interact with general or customary international laws. The protection of the environment is the goal of several agreements. In an effort to solve major environmental issues including ozone depletion, climate change, species extinction, and desertification, international environmental law is becoming more and more crucial. International environmental law might never advance beyond its present structure if the present trend keeps up. States must ratify the current agreements if decisions made in this area are to have a significant impact on how international law is created. This article discusses a number of international conventions and contracts.
СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ КРИТЕРИЯ ОЦЕНКИ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ УСТОЙЧИВОГО ЗЕМЛЕПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ
Authors: Анарбаев Ермек , Айтхожаева Гулсим , Пентаев Толеубек , Жилдикбаева Айжан , Бегарип Гани
Published: July 2023

Вопросы повышения эффективности использования земельных ресурсов и научного обоснования устойчивого развития в Республике Казахстан все чаше привлекает внимание ученых. Обеспечение устойчивого развития сельского хозяйства и усиление роли региональных органов земельных отношений требует совершенствования концептуальных подходов к осуществлению управления земельными ресурсами. Целью данной статьи является изучение развития земельных отношений в Казахстане, исследование вопроса эффективности использования сельскохозяйственных земель и разработка критерия оценки эффективности устойчивого землепользования. Авторами рассматривается исторический аспект трансформации земельных отношений после распада СССР, и в контексте устойчивого развития АПК разработан концептуально новый критерий для оценки эффективности устойчивого землепользования. При работе над статьей использовались историко-аналитический метод, метод синтеза и дедукции. Результаты-получено общее представление об изменениях земельных отношений за последние 30 лет, систематизированы понятия об эффективности использования сельскохозяйственных земель, разработан критерий оценки эффективности устойчивого землепользования. Разработанный авторами подход к определению устойчивого землепользования и новому критерию позволит оценить реальную ситуацию, совершенствовать производственно-организационную структуру для обоснования новых проектных решений по внедрению лучшего варианта освоения земельного участка, дающего определённый хозяйственный эффект.
Surgical Management of Iris Bombe in Muscle-Eye-Brain Disease
Authors: Gholap Radhika S. , Bharucha-Goebel Diana X. , Shats Daniel A. , Panchal Bhakti K. , Chong Jessica , Levin Moran R. , Alexander Janet L.
Published: July 2023

A 2-year-old girl with severe muscular dystrophy presented with unilateral eye pain and corneal clouding. She was found to have absent red reflex, hypotonia, cerebral hypoplasia, and iris bombe on ultrasound biomicroscopy, a feature not previously reported in this syndrome. She responded favorably to surgical management. Iris bombe can be a cause of glaucoma in muscle-eye-brain disease. This highlights the importance of incorporating ultrasound biomicroscopy into the diagnostic algorithm of muscle-eye-brain disease and other types of congenital syndromic glaucoma.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2023;60(4):e35–e37.]
Le voyage de Rida en Inde et au Koweït
Authors: Ezzahoui Ikrame
Published: July 2023

En mai 1912, se crée au Koweït, sous l’influence combinée des courants réformistes d’Égypte et de l’océan Indien, la première école qualifiée de « moderne » du pays, la Moubarakiya. Au même moment se tient à Lucknow le dixième congrès de l’Association des Oulémas indiens qui rassemble les intellectuels réformistes influencés par l'héritage du célèbre Sayyid Ahmad Khan mort en 1898. A ces deux événements, la présence de la figure syrienne de la Nahda islamique Rashid Rida, constitue un fait historique assez peu connu malgré son intérêt, à une période où les idées du réformisme connaissent un gain de circulation inédit dans les villes portuaires du golfe Persique. Le récit qu’il en délivre montre comment le thème de l’éducation est à l’époque investi d’un sens politique par les élites musulmanes de l’océan Indien, région connectée par ses synapses portuaires où se tissent, s’entrecroisent et se soutiennent des réseaux mercantiles et intellectuels.
Dynamic Replanning of Low Noise Rotorcraft Operations
Authors:   NASA Langley Research Center, Greenwood Eric
Published: July 2023

A new method for rapidly planning and dynamically replanning low noise rotorcraft flight operations has been developed and is discussed. A large database of rotorcraft maneuver segments is generated, and an acoustic cost is assigned to each segment by using a computationally efficient semiempirical rotorcraft noise modeling method that accurately models the changes in rotor noise caused by maneuvering flight. Combinatoric optimization techniques are then employed to combine these maneuver segments into a low noise optimal flight path. A simple heuristic for estimating the total acoustic cost required to reach the target location is developed and incorporated into the search algorithm, allowing the computation of low noise paths in seconds. A procedure for implementing an "anytime" version of the method is described, enabling feasible solutions to be dynamically replanned "on the fly" - i.e., in fractions of a second - and refined over time to a low noise optimal solution.
Emergency exploratory laparotomy and radical gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer combined with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: Kuang Feng , Wang Jian , Wang Bai-Qi
Published: July 2023

Obstructive jaundice (OJ) is a common problem in daily clinical practice. However, completely understanding the pathophysiological changes in OJ remains a challenge for planning current and future management. The effects of OJ are widespread, affecting the biliary tree, hepatic cells, liver function, and causing systemic complications. The lack of bile in the intestine, destruction of the intestinal mucosal barrier, and increased absorption of endotoxins can lead to endotoxemia, production of proinflammatory cytokines, and induce systemic inflammatory response syndrome, ultimately leading to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Proper management of OJ includes adequate water supply and electrolyte replacement, nutritional support, preventive antibiotics, pain relief, and itching relief. The surgical treatment of OJ depends on the cause, location, and severity of the obstruction. Biliary drainage, surgery, and endoscopic intervention are potential treatment options depending on the patient's condition. In addition to modern medical treatments, Traditional Chinese medicine may offer therapeutic benefits for OJ. A comprehensive search was conducted on PubMed for relevant articles published up to August 1970. This review discusses in detail the pathophysiological changes associated with OJ and presents effective strategies for managing the condition.
Mentoring New Faculty in Post-Pandemic Academia: Applications and Strategies for Mentors, Administrators, and Faculty Developers
Authors: Booker Keonya
Published: July 2023

The research on mentorship in the professoriate is extensive and substantial. New faculty benefit from having sustained and focused interactions with a more knowledgeable other who is able to shepherd them through the induction phase of their academic career. Professional support, collaboration, and sponsorship have always been critical, but this need is even more pronounced in the isolating times of the pandemic. During the 2020-2022 academic years, junior faculty were asked to navigate new spaces which would be exceedingly trying under normal circumstances, but even more so while under severe restrictions. This paper will examine the usefulness of alternative ways of mentoring that can assist incoming faculty. Strategies for administrators and senior faculty responsible for facilitating these connections will be explored.
Pengaruh Penghindaran Pajak, Kepemilikan Institusional dan Voluntary Disclosure Terhadap Biaya Utang
Authors: Deswinta Hanung
Published: July 2023

Ketika kita melakukan sebuah penelitian, kita membutuhkan penelitian terdahulu agar peneliti dapat terhindar dari plagiarisme dan dapat mendorong peneliti untuk meneliti dan menemukan solusi yang baru dan orisinal. Dalam literatur manajemen keuangan, artikel ini akan mengulas untuk membahas faktor yang mempengaruhi biaya utang, antara lain penghindaran pajak, kepemilikan institusional dan voluntary disclosure. Tujuan dari artikel ini untuk mengembangkan hipotesis tentang apakah variabel independen mempunyai pengaruh positif atau negatif pada biaya utang. Terdapat hasil antar variabel independen di dalam artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa Penghindaran Pajak berdampak positif pada Biaya Utang, Kepemilikan Institusional berdampak negatif pada Biaya Utang dan Voluntary Disclosure berdampak negatif pada Biaya Utang.
INCIDENCIA DEL RADÓN-222 EN LA RADIACTIVIDAD DE FONDO EN ALGUNAS VIVIENDAS DE EL VALLE DE ANTÓN, PANAMÁ
Authors: Santana M. Lisseth A. , Marín Luis A. , Rodríguez Juan , Arroyo Alejandro , Dreyfus Carlos , Fernández Bernardo , Pérez Castro Omayra J.
Published: July 2023

Este trabajo se enmarcó en el programa que desarrolla la Estación RN50 para caracterizar el origen de la radiactividad de fondo, a nivel de la República de Panamá.  El Radón-222 es un gas que proviene de la cadena natural de desintegración del 238U que se encuentra, mayormente, en rocas volcánicas profundas.  De acuerdo con las características del suelo volcánico, el radón puede emanar en mayor o menor cantidad del suelo, en esas zonas.  Las mediciones se realizaron durante 2021 y 2022, en El Valle de Antón, que es la zona volcánica más accesible de las cuatro identificadas en Panamá.   Para medir las concentraciones de Rn-222, se utilizó el equipo RAD7.  Por la incidencia del agua en la propagación del Rn-222 en suelos, se midió en los periodos lluvioso, intermedio o de transición y seco.  En la estación seca, la mejor captación en los suelos exteriores de las viviendas se obtuvo durante el mes de marzo .  Durante los meses de octubre y mayo, se registraron las dosis más altas de radiactividad equivalente en el interior de las viviendas   En conclusión, la contribución a la radiactividad de esta región volcánica es pequeña, por lo que se recomienda mantener una buena ventilación en las viviendas.
RA Water Resources Management In The Irrigation Process
Authors: Muradyan Meri Hambardzum , Asatryan Hovhannes Simon
Published: July 2023

Հոդվածում ներկայացված է ՀՀ ջրային ռեսուրսների օպտիմալ կառավարման կարևորությունը ոռոգման իրականացման գործում, որով էլ պայմանավորված է աշխատանքի արդիականությունը։ Առաջնային ուշադրություն է դարձվել Հայաստանի ամբողջ ջրային պաշարների վերլուծմանը, Սևանա լճի ջրային պաշարների խնայողաբար օգտագործմանը, ոռոգման համար ջրային ռեսուրսների արդյունավետ կառավարմանը։ Հոդվածում նպատակ է դրվել մշակել Հայաստանում ոռոգման ջրի օգտագործման, պահպանման բարելավմանն ուղղված առաջարկություններ։ Նպատակին հասնելու համար խնդիր է դրվել վերլուծել ՀՀ ջրային ռեսուրսների օգտագործման վիճակը, ուսումնասիրել Հայաստանում ոռոգման համակարգի առանձնահատկությունները, բացահայտել ոռոգման ջրի օգտագործման և պահպանման բարելավման ուղիները։
В статье представлена важность оптимального управления водными ресурсами РА при осуществлении орошения, чем и обусловлена актуальность статьи. Основное внимание было уделено анализу всех водных ресурсов Армении, экономному использованию водных ресурсов озера Севан, эффективному управлению водными ресурсами для орошения. Целью статьи является разработка рекомендаций по совершенствованию управления водными ресурсами на основе изучения использования и охраны водных ресурсов в Армении, в частности поливной воды. Для достижения цели были поставлены задачи:
The article presents the importance of the optimal management of the water resources of the RA in the implementation of irrigation, which determines the relevance of the article. The main attention was paid to the analysis of all the water resources of Armenia, the economical use of the water resources of Lake Sevan, the effective management of water resources for irrigation. The purpose to develop recommendations for improvement of the usage and conservation of irrigation water in Armenia. To achieve this goal, the problems were set to analyze the state of the usage of water resources in RA, to study the features of the irrigation system in Armenia, to determine ways to improve the usage and conservation of irrigation water. Analyzes were carried out on the basis of statistical and analytical methods of water management in Armenia, as a result of which it became clear that there is a sufficient amount of water resources in RA, and the main problem is related to the effective conservation and usage of these resources.
Brain Hemorrhage Detection Using AI
Authors: J M Fiza Tabassum
Published: July 2023

Abstract—Brain hemorrhages is a critical medical disorder thatneeds to be diagnosed as soon as possible in order to allow for immediate medical attention. In the current study, we provide amachine approach to learning to detect various types of brain hemorrhage including subdural, epidural, and intracerebralhemorrhage using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based ResNet-100 framework. We train and evaluate our CNN model usinga diverse data set of brain scans of normal cases and cases of stroke types. The application of the ResNet-100 algorithm comes from itsability to handle deep learning tasks and capture complex features inmedical images efficiently. Through extensive training andvalidation, our model achieves an impressive 95% accuracy inclassifying brain scans as normal or indicative of subdural, epidural,or intracerebral hemorrhage The high accuracy shows how wemachine learning approach is effective for multiclass brainhemorrhage detection. The proposed system has the potential to helpradiologists and healthcare professionals to accurately and effectivelyidentify various types of brain hemorrhage from medical imagesUsing the capabilities of CNN and ResNet-100, our method enables early detection and timely intervention, improving patient outcomes. Keywords: Brain hemorrhage detection, CNN, ResNet-100, subduralhemorrhage, epidural hemorrhage, Intracerebral hemorrhage, accuracy
La prestación de alimentos y su relación con la responsabilidad civil en ecuador
Authors: Guaviles Morales Joselyn Estefanía , Carrillo Alfredo Fabian
Published: July 2023

La ejecución del presente trabajo de investigación versa sobre la prestación de alimentos y la relación con la responsabilidad civil del obligado en el ordenamiento jurídico ecuatoriano. La metodología emplead se basó en el método inductivo, de enfoque cualitativo, de tipo analítico jurídico, diseño no experimental, empleando la hermenéutica jurídica como la técnica de interpretación de leyes, doctrinas y jurisprudencia para obtener los resultados. Los principales hallazgos demostraron que existe una responsabilidad civil derivada del incumplimiento del alimentante que acarrea como consecuencia la prohibición de salida del país, pero también medidas más gravosas como el apremio personal, el cual puede ser total o parcial. Las referidas medidas son aplicables únicamente a los obligados principales de la obligación de prestación de alimentos, por lo que no pueden ser invocadas como instrumentos coercitivos para los obligados subsidiarios, quienes tendrán responsabilidad civil pecuniaria, de tal manera que pueda asegurarse el cumplimiento de la obligación y la satisfacción de necesidades de los niños, niñas y adolescentes.
Levantamiento de medidas cautelares en materia de coactiva
Authors: Ramos Villarreal Karina Alexandra , Silva Barrera Esthela Paulina
Published: July 2023

La presente investigación aborda la problemática relacionada con la observancia del debido proceso en la disposición y ejecución de medidas cautelares en procesos de ejecución coactiva, contempladas en el Código Orgánico Administrativo. Además, del análisis doctrinario y normativo del procedimiento de ejecución coactiva y medidas cautelares, se establece el análisis de casos puntuales sobre el tema en referencia. Este trabajo presenta un enfoque metodológico cualitativo, mediante la aplicación del método deductivo y la técnica de revisión bibliográfica y revisión de casos. Una vez efectuado el estudio de las medidas cautelares en el procedimiento de ejecución coactiva, se verificó la transgresión de los derechos al debido proceso, defensa y seguridad jurídica, debido a su falta de notificación.
14 - Africa must Make its own Images The Third CODESRIA-FESPACO Workshop on African Cinema
Authors: Abdon Kouassivi Sofonnou
Published: July 2023

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11 - Amilcar Cabral as a Promoter of Pan-Africanism
Authors: Lopes Carlos
Published: July 2023

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19 - The Discourse of ‘Africa’s Turn’?
Authors: Moses Khisa
Published: July 2023

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20 - Archives of Post-independent Africa
Authors: Brenton Maart
Published: July 2023

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Stability, Liquidity, Efficiency, and Profitability After Spin-off Implementation: Evidence from Indonesian Islamic Banking Industry
Authors: Panca Aqilla Dhianir Rahman , Sudrajad Oktofa Yudha
Published: July 2023

The business-unit Islamic bank was forced to separate from its parent company according to Banking Act No. 21 of 2008 that issued by the Indonesian Central Bank. However, the Development and Strengthening of the Financial Sector Act No.4 of 2023 have allowed them not to convert themselves into full-fledged Islamic banks with certain conditions. Thus, doing spin-offs will be appealing if it is beneficial for them. However, the benefit of converting a business-unit Islamic bank spin-off into a full-fledged Islamic bank has yet to be entirely evident. This study aims to determine how spin-off affects the stability and financial performance, covering the profitability, efficiency, and liquidity of spin-off business-unit Islamic banks in Indonesia. Using difference-in-difference (DID) analysis, this study examined four spin-off full-fledged Islamic banks as the treatment group and twenty business-unit Islamic banks as the control group from 2005 to 2019. The parameter used are return on equity (ROE), cost-to-income ratio (CIR), financing-to-deposit ratio (FDR), quick ratio (QR), and Z-score. The result indicates that profitability and efficiency are decreasing, while the liquidy kept increasing after the spin-off undertaking. However, the stability has not been found to have evidence of significant differences after spin-off implementation.
Nurse Caring Behavior Experienced Patients Based on Swanson's Theory in The Inpatient Room of X Hospital Batam
Authors: Putra Hidayat Muhammad , Muharni Sri , Christya Wardhani Utari
Published: July 2023

Caring is an act related to respect, understanding, and responsibility. In nursing services, there are still attitudes of nurses who still need to implement caring behaviour optimally. In Indonesia, the majority of low caring behaviour is performed by nurses, as much as 56.3%. A preliminary study was conducted at a private hospital in Batam City; it was found that patients said nurses had only interacted with patients for a short time. This study aimed to explore patient experiences related to caring behaviour based on Swanson's theory in the Inpatient Room of X Hospital Batam. This research method uses qualitative methods with a phenomenological approach. Data was collected using semi-structured in-depth interviews, recorded using mobile phones for 7 participants according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the data analysis process used Creswell data analysis. The results of the study obtained three themes, namely, (1) growing confidence and trust in patients, (2) showing professionalism to patients, and (3) providing information and providing support to patients. This study concluded that the nurses had caring behaviour according to Swanson's theory, but from the participants' experiences, not all aspects of Swanson's caring process were reflected in this study. It is hoped that future researchers can explore all aspects of Swanson's caring theory or prove it was using other theories related to caring behaviour given by nurses.
Effect of iron application methods on grain yield and iron concentration of rice under different nitrogen levels
Authors: Ghani Usman , Khan Ameer , Shahzad Ali , Fizza Ayesha , Shahzad Muhammad , Gul Hameed , Mohamed Soufiane , Gul Shareef
Published: July 2023

Rice is a staple cereal crop that helps food security and overcomes nutrition problems. The application of synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilizers results in the improvement of nutrient concentration. Therefore, iron (Fe) biofortification in rice can be improved by altering Fe application methods under different N levels. We made a comprehensive assessment on this, analyzing Fe concentration in the root, shoot and grain of the Super Basmati cultivar raised under two N levels (80 kg h-1 and 160 kg h-1) with Fe applied through the soil and/or foliar supply at different growth stages. The results showed that agronomic traits such as plant height, chlorophyll contents, number of productive tillers, panicle length, number of spikelets per panicle, 100-grain weight, grain yield, biological yield, and harvest index were significantly influenced by Fe application methods and N levels. Soil + Foliar application of Fe at 80 kg ha-1 of N level had maximum biological yield (18.70 g/pot), grain yield (7.31 g/pot), and harvest index (60.87%). Results revealed that iron concentration was significantly influenced by Fe application methods under different N levels, and their interaction showed significant influence. The highest values of Fe concentration in the shoot (300.50 ppm), root (446.63 ppm), and grain (141.13 ppm) were observed under 80 kg ha-1 N application. Results suggest that Fe biofortification has the potential to improve the Fe content in rice grain by various application methods with optimal N availability.
High‐Performance Sound Detection of Nanoscale‐Thick and Large‐Area Graphene Oxide Films in Liquids
Authors: Wang Shuchao , Yetisen Ali K. , Jakobi Martin , Zhou Quan , Koch Alexander W.
Published: July 2023

This article presents nanoscale‐thick and large‐area graphene oxide (GO) films manufactured by a facile method to enable high‐performance sound detection in liquids. A Fabry–Perot (F–P) cavity consisting of a GO film, whose vibration diameter is ≈4.4 mm, and a single‐mode fiber (SMF) is used as the sensing core for sound detection in liquids. A sound‐transparent cap, consisting of a support sleeve and a sound‐transparent sleeve, is used to protect the GO‐sensing diaphragm to resist liquid pressure to enable long‐term stability. The sensing probes with GO diaphragms of ≈100 and 200 nm thickness are placed in ultra‐pure water for performance testing. Test results show that they maintain a linear sound pressure response, a flat frequency response, and a uniform directional response from 1 to 100 kHz. They have sensitivities of ≈630 mV Pa−1 and about 84 mV Pa−1, respectively, in the range of 1–100 kHz in all directions in different liquids. These results demonstrate the suitability of the nanoscale‐thick and large‐area GO films for sound detection in liquids with high performance.
Laser‐Assisted Direct Ink Writing for High‐Fidelity Fabrication of Elastomeric Complex Structures
Authors: Shang Erwei , Li Guodong , Zhao Zilong , Zhang Nana , Fan Daming , Liu Yu
Published: July 2023

Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is extensively applied in the 3D printing field due to its excellent biocompatibility, flexibility, and gas permeability. However, as a thermal curing material, its low strength before curing inevitably causes structural deformation during the printing process and deteriorates the shape accuracy. In this paper, an innovative method, the infrared laser‐assisted direct ink writing (DIW) process, is developed to realize the in situ preheating and curing of silicone materials to improve the strength of PDMS filaments during processing. Therefore, the large‐span spatial structure with high‐fidelity morphology can be produced. First, the feasibility is validated that temperature ascension of the voxels arising from the irradiation energy of the infrared laser can accelerate the cross‐linking reaction and realize the precuring of PDMS; then, the relationship between the parameters of laser irradiation and the processing performance of 3D printing is systematically investigated to find the optimization. Finally, experiments are conducted, including the single silicone filament, silicone foams, and complex 3D features. Their excellent structural preservation proves the proposed method is practical to fabricate the high‐fidelity fabrication of complex structures such as large spans and thin wall features, which will help to broaden the 3D printing capabilities of silicone in the development of flexible electronics and soft robots.