bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE WALWORTH ALTERNATIVE: RETAINING AND ENHANCING BRITAIN'S SOCIAL HOUSING ESTATES UTILISING CONTEMPORARY TIMBER CONSTRUCTION
Authors: Kane Mike , Yee Ron
Published: March 2017

INTRODUCTION

This paper describes the research designs of London South Bank University (LSBU) Masters of Architecture students who investigated the future housing needs of expanding cities, focusing in detail on the Walworth area of South London as a potential model for application elsewhere. The students then proposed innovative ideas on how to expand and remodel the Aylesbury Housing Estate through the use of contemporary timber construction without resorting to wholescale demolition.

The study is part of ongoing research into resource efficient architecture and planning by the M. Arch - Resource Studio 22 tutored by Mike Kane and Ron Yee at LSBU. The field of study was inspired by the Metsäwood's Plan B research program of case studies on iconic buildings, such as the Empire State Building in New York and the Colosseum in Rome, that re-engineered them in timber. (a) During the study period LSBU with the support of Metsäwood organised the “Urban Wood” seminar where 3 renowned architects were invited to speak about building advanced engineered timber buildings within dense urban London locations.
EFFECT OF CEMENT FINENESS ON PROPERTIES OF CEMENTITIOUS MATERIALS CONTAINING HIGH RANGE WATER REDUCING ADMIXTURE
Authors: Mardani-Aghabaglou Ali , Son Arif Emre , Felekoglu Burak , Ramyar Kambiz
Published: March 2017

The effect of cement fineness on the fresh state and rheological properties as well as compressive strength of cementitious systems was investigated. A CEM I 42.5R portland cement containing 7.92% C3A and sulfate resisting cement containing 3.58% C3A were used. The cements were ground to 4 different Blaine finenesses, ranging from 2800 to 4500 cm2/g. In the absence of water-reducing admixture, the water requirement of mixtures increased with an increase in the cement fineness. Thus, the fresh state properties of the mixtures were affected negatively. However, surprisingly, a reverse behavior was observed in the mixtures containing water-reducing admixtures, that is, an increase of the cement fineness increased the effectiveness of the admixture; consequently, the fresh state properties of the mixtures were improved. This seems to have been caused from the higher adsorption of the admixture on finer cement grains than on the coarser particles. Moreover, as expected, the strength of the mortar and concrete mixtures increased along with the increase in cement fineness and its C3A content.
COMMUNICATION TURNS GREEN CONSTRUCTION PLANNING INTO REALITY
Authors: Kim Joseph J. , Goodwin Christopher W. , Kim Sunkuk
Published: March 2017

Green planning is critically important during the design phases of construction projects but continually gets less attention during construction. Project owners and planners need to understand how communication influences green implementation. To address a gap in the extant research, this paper presents the evaluation results on how sustainability awareness of field supervision personnel impacts the successful completion of school projects by proving that communicating sustainability goals with them is vital for decision-making during the construction stage of the project. This paper uses data collected from 162 new school construction projects to compare sustainability design goals with their successful incorporation into completed projects. Seventy-one project managers and inspectors were surveyed to assess their awareness of key high-performance sustainability requirements that were built into the designs. The responses from these two groups were compared to examine the positive or negative impacts. The analysis results show that early and continuous communication of sustainability design goals with field supervision personnel has a significant impact on whether those goals are realized when the project is turned over to the owner for occupancy. Successful implementation of sustainability goals not only provides economic benefits from fully exploiting life-cycle costs, but also holds the promise of providing a healthier working environment.
MULTIFAMILY AFFORDABLE HOUSING THAT IS HEALTHY, EFFICIENT, COST EFFECTIVE AND LEED PLATINUM
Authors: Grant Sharon Patterson
Published: March 2017

INTRODUCTION

A developer who had chronic asthma as a child built the first LEED® (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) Platinum certified apartment complex in Idaho. He has also heard from two residents that their asthma no longer resulted in attacks due to eliminating triggers in the interior environment. Eight years and a dozen multifamily affordable housing projects later, the LEED consultant on these projects has gathered insight on best practices, lessons learned and strategies that result in resident, owner and project team satisfaction. Ten projects have achieved LEED Platinum certification (two more are still under construction, but are on track for Platinum), and the HERS (Home Energy Rating System) scores are as low as 48. Feedback has been collected on what works, what doesn't and what matters most: from low energy bills to living in a healthy home and not having asthma attacks. These projects debunk the assumptions that energy efficiency adds too much cost or that green homes are only for the wealthy.
BUILDING PERFORMANCE SIMULATION AS AN EARLY INTERVENTION OR LATE VERIFICATION IN ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN: SAME PERFORMANCE OUTCOME BUT DIFFERENT DESIGN SOLUTIONS
Authors: Xie Xiaohuan , Gou Zhonghua
Published: March 2017

INTRODUCTION

Current green building practice has been largely advanced by an integrated design process. This integrated design process involves multiple disciplines, such as architecture, civil, mechanical, and electrical engineering. The design method heavily relies on utilizing building performance simulation to illustrate how design parameters affect the energy consumption and quality of the indoor environment before actual design decisions are made (Anderson, 2014). The architectural design tools in the integrated design process supersede traditional geometrical exploration instruments, such as Sketchup, Revit, ArchiCad, and Rhino (Negendahl, 2015). More building performance simulating tools, such as Ecotect, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), Radiance, and EnergyPlus, have been developed to help architects measure building performance (e.g., natural ventilation, daylighting, solar radiation, and energy uses) in the design process and attain green building standards such as Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED). The information presented by these tools guide architects at a certain level in achieving green building goals. However, building simulation is generally beyond the architect's knowledge domain. Many architects have difficulty in understanding these technical terms and models, as well as their design implications. Therefore, specific consultants have emerged to help architects grasp the meanings of these numbers and models, which require architects to implement a high level of design collaboration and coordination (Aksamija, 2015; Gou & Lau, 2014). Simulation consultants can work in parallel with architects at the early design stage to intervene in the conceptual and schematic design; they may also work behind architects to verify the building performance after the design is finished and make their design green through technical alterations.

Most existing literature argues for an early intervention of building performance simulation in the architectural design process and explores different algorithms or models for optimal intervention (Degens, Scholzen, & Odenbreit, 2015; Sick, Schade, Mourtada, Uh, & Grausam, 2014; Svetlana Olbina & Yvan Beliveau, 2007). However, the difference between early intervention and late verification is often not investigated. Few qualitative studies can help understand how the building performance simulation is actually implemented, and how it influences the quality of design solutions in addition to the quantity of performance outcomes. The current research presents two case studies that compare building performance simulation as an early intervention and a late verification tool in the architectural design process, which contextualizes the building simulation research in real building practices.
Building IoT With Arduino
Authors: Zubov Dmytro
Published: March 2017

IoT tools and techniques can be split into three main categories – infrastructure (i.e. hardware like Arduino Uno), software apps (e.g. Arduino C/C++ sketch), and lightweight protocols (e.g. MQTT and CoAP) for the connection of the heterogeneous components. Nowadays, they allow to develop fully functional smart systems. In this chapter, Arduino open-source computer soft- and hardware are discussed for the remote LED control, the web-server development, the design of the dual axis solar tracker with energy saving algorithm, the smart city's natural environment component based on Arduino weather station, the aid systems (in the mobility) for the visually impaired and blind people. In addition, the connection of the heterogeneous soft- and hardware is presented based on MQTT protocol.
Model-Driven Multi-Domain IoT
Authors: Lengyel László , Ekler Péter , Tömösvári Imre , Balogh Tamás , Mezei Gergely , Forstner Bertalan , Charaf Hassan
Published: March 2017

The Internet of Things (IoT) is the network of physical objects embedded with electronics, software, sensors, and network connectivity, which enables these objects to collect and exchange data. The chapter introduces the Model-driven Multi-Domain IoT concept and provides a method and a supporting framework. Multi-Domain IoT as the actual frontier for innovation, competition, and productivity. The method supports effective service and application development and therefore covers connected devices, data collection, data access and complex analytics. The efficiency of the method and the framework is confirmed by several projects. Selected parts of these projects are introduced as innovation projects and case studies.
Internet of Things in E-Health
Authors: Trmčić Branka Rodić , Labus Aleksandra , Mitrović Svetlana , Buha Vesna , Stanojević Gordana
Published: March 2017

The main task of Internet of Things in eHealth solutions is to collect data, connect people, things and processes. This provides a wealth of information that can be useful in decision-making, improving health and well-being. The aim of this study is to identify framework of sensors and application health services to detect sources of stress and stressors and make them visible to users. Also, we aim at extracting relationship between event and sensor data in order to improve health behavior. Evaluation of the proposed framework model will be performed. Model is based on Internet of Things in eHealth and is going to aim to improve health behavior. Following the established pattern of behavior realized through wearable system users will be proposed a preventive actions model. Further, it will examine the impact of changing health behavior on habits, condition and attitudes in relation to well-being and prevention.
Possibilities of BLOB (Binary Large OBject) and CLOB (Character Large Object) Integration Into the Core of IoT and Using the SQL Platform for Distributing a Large Amount of Data to HTML, JAVA, and PHP Platforms
Authors: Vorotović Goran , Petrović Nebojša , Mitrović Časlav , Šešum-Čavić Vesna
Published: March 2017

This chapter identifies and describes the key concepts and techniques for BLOB and CLOB integration into the IoT core. Data system centralization has sped up the solution of problems with large amounts of data storage and processing, particularly if the data is large by its nature. In that sense, everyday stream of photos, audio and video content, large textual data files led to new concepts BLOB and CLOB. Adequate examples of stored procedures, views, C#, JAVA, HTML5 i PHP languages, follow the establishing communication methods. Finally, the chapter will illustrate two practical examples of IoT: the example for pagination on a large database with million BLOB and CLOB objects, and the example for dynamic mechatronic system of a fire truck with feedback.
Security Problems in Cloud Computing Environments
Authors: Jouini Mouna , Rabai Latifa Ben Arfa
Published: March 2017

Cloud computing technology is a relatively new concept of providing scalable and virtualized resources, software and hardware on demand to consumers. It presents a new technology to deliver computing resources as a service. It offers a variety of benefits like services on demand and provisioning and suffers from several weaknesses. In fact security presents a major obstacle in cloud computing adoption. In this chapter, we will deal with security problems in cloud computing systems and show how to solve these problems using a quantitative security risk assessment model named Multi-dimensional Mean Failure Cost (M2FC). In fact, we present first a deep analysis of security issues related to cloud computing environments and then propose a generic framework that analysis and evaluate cloud security problems and then propose appropriate countermeasures to solve these problems.
Value and Risk
Authors: Manli Gu , Rezaei Sajad
Published: March 2017

The rapid expansion of Apps and subsequently Apps marketing have now entered into a post-adoption stage, where technical characteristics and qualities such as visual design, user interfaces, and navigation become the determinants of consumer's intentions. However, very few studies have looked into the perceptions related to usefulness and “post-adoption” or acceptance of Apps-commerce. Building on risk and value concept, the aim of this chapter is to expand an understanding of the decision-making of those potential Apps customers to adopt Apps usage for the first time and also re-purchase decisions of experienced e-customers. As the concept of customer value has received increasing attention from both marketing, mangers, researchers and practitioners, more originalities are encouraged to start incorporating the elements of Apps value, Apps risk, Apps usefulness elements in their strategies to sustain their core businesses activities. Besides, customers are likely to perceive a higher level of risk in using Apps than in traditional in-store setting. Thus, this chapter proposes that the risk concern of user information given to the vendors has an impact on the amount of consumption in Apps market. The practical and conceptual implications are discussed.
The AP-1 Transcription Factor c-Jun Promotes Arthritis by Regulating Cyclooxygenase-2 and Arginase-1 Expression in Macrophages
Authors: Hannemann Nicole , Jordan Jutta , Paul Sushmita , Reid Stephen , Baenkler Hanns-Wolf , Sonnewald Sophia , Bäuerle Tobias , Vera Julio , Schett Georg , Bozec Aline
Published: March 2017

Activation of proinflammatory macrophages is associated with the inflammatory state of rheumatoid arthritis. Their polarization and activation are controlled by transcription factors such as NF-κB and the AP-1 transcription factor member c-Fos. Surprisingly, little is known about the role of the AP-1 transcription factor c-Jun in macrophage activation. In this study, we show that mRNA and protein levels of c-Jun are increased in macrophages following pro- or anti-inflammatory stimulations. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment cluster analyses of microarray data using wild-type and c-Jun–deleted macrophages highlight the central function of c-Jun in macrophages, in particular for immune responses, IL production, and hypoxia pathways. Mice deficient for c-Jun in macrophages show an amelioration of inflammation and bone destruction in the serum-induced arthritis model. In vivo and in vitro gene profiling, together with chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis of macrophages, revealed direct activation of the proinflammatory factor cyclooxygenase-2 and indirect inhibition of the anti-inflammatory factor arginase-1 by c-Jun. Thus, c-Jun regulates the activation state of macrophages and promotes arthritis via differentially regulating cyclooxygenase-2 and arginase-1 levels.
Novel Noncatalytic Substrate-Selective p38α-Specific MAPK Inhibitors with Endothelial-Stabilizing and Anti-Inflammatory Activity
Authors: Shah Nirav G. , Tulapurkar Mohan E. , Ramarathnam Aparna , Brophy Amanda , Martinez Ramon , Hom Kellie , Hodges Theresa , Samadani Ramin , Singh Ishwar S. , MacKerell Alexander D. , Shapiro Paul , Hasday Jeffrey D.
Published: March 2017

The p38 MAPK family is composed of four kinases of which p38α/MAPK14 is the major proinflammatory member. These kinases contribute to many inflammatory diseases, but the currently available p38 catalytic inhibitors (e.g., SB203580) are poorly effective and cause toxicity. We reasoned that the failure of catalytic p38 inhibitors may derive from their activity against noninflammatory p38 isoforms (e.g., p38β/MAPK11) and loss of all p38α-dependent responses, including anti-inflammatory, counterregulatory responses via mitogen- and stress-activated kinase (MSK) 1/2 and Smad3. We used computer-aided drug design to target small molecules to a pocket near the p38α glutamate–aspartate (ED) substrate-docking site rather than the catalytic site, the sequence of which had only modest homology among p38 isoforms. We identified a lead compound, UM101, that was at least as effective as SB203580 in stabilizing endothelial barrier function, reducing inflammation, and mitigating LPS-induced mouse lung injury. Differential scanning fluorimetry and saturation transfer difference–nuclear magnetic resonance demonstrated specific binding of UM101 to the computer-aided drug design–targeted pockets in p38α but not p38β. RNA sequencing analysis of TNF-α–stimulated gene expression revealed that UM101 inhibited only 28 of 61 SB203580-inhibited genes and 7 of 15 SB203580-inhibited transcription factors, but spared the anti-inflammatory MSK1/2 pathway. We provide proof of principle that small molecules that target the ED substrate-docking site may exert anti-inflammatory effects similar to the catalytic p38 inhibitors, but their isoform specificity and substrate selectivity may confer inherent advantages over catalytic inhibitors for treating inflammatory diseases.
The Induction of Pro–IL-1β by Lipopolysaccharide Requires Endogenous Prostaglandin E2 Production
Authors: Zasłona Zbigniew , Pålsson-McDermott Eva M. , Menon Deepthi , Haneklaus Moritz , Flis Ewelina , Prendeville Hannah , Corcoran Sarah E. , Peters-Golden Marc , O’Neill Luke A. J.
Published: March 2017

PGE2 has been shown to increase the transcription of pro–IL-1β. However, recently it has been demonstrated that PGE2 can block the maturation of IL-1β by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages. These apparently conflicting results have led us to reexamine the effect of PGE2 on IL-1β production. We have found that in murine bone marrow–derived macrophages, PGE2 via the cAMP/protein kinase A pathway is potently inducing IL-1β transcription, as well as boosting the ability of LPS to induce IL-1β mRNA and pro–IL-1β while inhibiting the production of TNF-α. This results in an increase in mature IL-1β production in macrophages treated with ATP. We also examined the effect of endogenously produced PGE2 on IL-1β production. By blocking PGE2 production with indomethacin, we made a striking finding that endogenous PGE2 is essential for LPS-induced pro–IL-1β production, suggesting a positive feedback loop. The effect of endogenous PGE2 was mediated by EP2 receptor. In primary human monocytes, where LPS alone is sufficient to induce mature IL-1β, PGE2 boosted LPS-induced IL-1β production. PGE2 did not inhibit ATP-induced mature IL-1β production in monocytes. Because PGE2 mediates the pyrogenic effect of IL-1β, these effects might be especially relevant for the role of monocytes in the induction of fever. A positive feedback loop from IL-1β and back to PGE2, which itself is induced by IL-1β, is likely to be operating. Furthermore, fever might therefore occur in the absence of a septic shock response because of the inhibiting effect of PGE2 on TNF-α production.
Carboniferous and Permian stratigraphy of Axel Heiberg Island and western Ellesmere Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago
Authors: Thorsteinsson R
Published: March 2017

This bulletin is primarily a study of the stratigraphy of Carboniferous and Permian rocks in Axel Heiberg Island, and western and northwestern regions of Ellesmere Island. It is accompanied by eighteen geologic maps (scale 1:250, OOO) of Axel Heiberg Island, and
a considerably larger area of Ellesmere Island than is included by the bulletin; and a detailed geologic map (scale 1:50, OOO) of the environs of the Eureka weather station on the west coast of Ellesmere Island. Eureka represents the only settlement within the report area. Axel Heiberg and Ellesmere
Islands represent the most northerly islands in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. They are characterized by some of the boldest alpine scenery in this region. Their principal topographic features include mountain ranges, fiords, lowlands and extensive ice-caps.
Carboniferous strata constitute basal deposits of the Sverdrup Basin, a major geological province within the archipelago, that contains an essentially concordant succession of formations ranging in age from Early Carboniferous to about mid-Cenozoic. The Sverdrup Basin lies with angular unconformity
on folded and faulted, lower Paleozoic rocks of the Franklinian Geosyncline. Rocks of the Sverdrup Basin are themselves folded and faulted into northerly and northeasterly trending structures by the Eurekan orogeny of about mid-Cenozoic inception.
Carboniferous and Permian rocks are mainly of marine origin. The predominant rock types are carbonate, quartzose elastics and anhydrite. Nonmarine quartzose elastics and volcanic rocks are present locally. These rocks range in age from Early Carboniferous to Late Permian, and include the stages,
Visean, Namurian, Bashkirian, Moscovian, Zhigulevian, Orenburgian, Asselian, Sakmarian, Artinskian and Guadalupian. Rocks of earliest Carboniferous (Tournasian) and latest Permian (Djhulfian) are apparently absent. Much of the quartzose elastic sediments appears to have a southeasterly provenance.
Carboniferous and Permian rocks constitute a natural grouping of structurally conformably formations. The base of the Carboniferous is everywhere an angular unconformity. Sedimentation was continuous across the Carboniferous-Permian boundary (This is also the case with the
Mississippian-Pennsylvanian boundary of continental North America). The upper surface of the Permian is marked by a widespread disconformity, and Permian rocks are generally overlain by sediments of Early Triassic age.
Four widely distributed disconformities within Carboniferous and Permian rocks, subdivide these systems into five sequences, that are described below in order upwards.
Stanton map-area [107d], Northwest Territories
Authors: Yorath C J , Balkwill H R
Published: March 2017

Exposed rocks in the Simpson Lake map-area belong to the Cambrian, Ordovician, Devonian, and Cretaceous Systems. About 2000 feet of Paleozoic rocks, chiefly carbonates with subordinate shales, are rapped as: "Ronning Group", and Bear Rock, Hume, and Hare Indian
Formations ( from oldest to youngest). Paleozoic strata are regionally truncated by widespread, but poorly exposed, Cretaceous clastic rocks which have an estimated cumulative thickness of about 1500 feet. Informal Cretaceous units (from oldest to youngest) are the "Silty", Bentonitic", and
"Bituminous zones". Rocks in the map -area dip regionally westward and northwestward at low angles. There appear to be few structural complications, although small structures may be concealed by the extensive cover of fleistocene drift.

Exposed rocks in the Stanton map-area , which lies within the Anderson Plain and Arctic Coastal Plains, belong to the Devonian and Cretaceous Systems. Devonian rocks are represented by the Imperial Formation and occur along Kugaluk River. The remainder of the region is underlain by Lower Cretaceous
"Bentonitic zone" strata and Upper Cretaceous "Bituminous" and "Pale shale zone" strata; these rocks are best exposed along Anderson River. A thin gravel and sand unit of probable Tertiary - Quaternary age caps the plateau on the east side of Anderson River. A regional unconformity separates the
Devonian and Cretaceous successions and a regional disconformity occurs between the Lower and Upper Cretaceous rocks. Strata in the map-area dip toward the northwest at low angles. There are few structural complications. A broad, linear arch of preCretaceous age coincides with Kugaluk River and
small, tight, disharmonic folds of non-tectonic origin occur in "Bituminous zone" rocks west of Anderson River.
Ten stratigraphic sections from the Lower Cambrian Sekwi Formation, Mackenzie Mountains, northwestern Canada
Authors: Fritz W H
Published: March 2017

A Precambrian and early Lower Cambrian elastic succession underlies the Sekwi Formation and extends a short distance into the formation at all but one locality. Above the elastic succession, nine of the Sekwi sections contain mainly carbonate that is part of a
regional carbonate unit called the middle carbonate belt. This belt is flanked on the northeast by an inner (near shore/detrital belt and on the southwest by an outer (basinal) detrital belt. The remaining Sekwi section is almost wholly within the outer detrital belt. This section, and carbonate
sections containing some outer detrital strata, locally define a northeasterly directed protusion of the outer detrital belt into the middle carbonate belt. Sekwi strata within the middle carbonate belt are grouped into two major elastic-carbonate pairs, or grand cycles. The Precambrian-early Lower
Cambrian elastic succession and an overlying thick carbonate succession constitute the lower cycle. A regional regression that brought inner detrital clasts onto a carbonate shelf is responsible for the elastic portion of the upper grand cycle. The carbonate part of the upper grand cycle is by far
the thickest of the four half-cycles within the formation. Three and locally four sub-cycles are tentatively recognized in this half-cycle. Sekwi deposition closed near the end of Lower Cambrian time when a gradual transgression deposited dark, platy limestone and shale over uppermost Sekwi
carbonates belonging to the medial and upper part of the Bonnia-Olenellus Zone.
Surficial Geology of the Gulf of St Lawrence
Authors: Loring D H
Published: March 2017

The Gulf of St. Lawrence is an inland sea of triangular shape, which occupies an area of approximately 250, 000 km 2. It has an irregular submarine topography composed of long trough-shaped valleys and shelves of varying widths and relief. Acoustical and sampling
data indicate that the submarine topography is controlled by the lithology and structure of the underlying bedrock and an uneven cover of glacial and postglacial sediments . Glacial deposits form the oldest unconsolidated sediment units and are composed of tills and glaciomarine pelites as well as
some glaciolacustrine clays. These units are relatively thin except along the southern edge of the Laurentian Trough where tills and glaciomarine pelites form a thick wedge composed of coalescing fans. Postglacial marine sediments (pelites , sands, and gravels) cover the glacial deposits in most
parts of the gulf: the pelites occupy the floors of the major troughs and shelf valleys whereas sediments of the coarser grain sizes (sands and gravels) form the cover on the trough slopes and the adjacent shelves. Mineralogical and chemical data indicate that the sediments have been derived from
underlying sedimentary rocks (calcareous and non- calcareous) as well as from crystalline rocks of the Canadian Shield to the north and west and that Wisconsin glaciations have been the most important single factor in controlling the dispersal pattern of terrigenous material in the gulf. The
geological, morphological, and sedimentological data indicate that the main stages i n the development of the present morphology and sediments in the gulf are : (1) the establishment of a preglacial valley system, ( 2) the modification of the landscape by repeated glaciations during the Pleistocene
Epoch, ( 3 ) the lateglacial ( late- Wisconsin) ice readvances and retreats, and (4) the modification of the relict glacial morphology and sediments by postglacial changes in sea level and by present depositional conditions. At the present, specific, sedimentary environments of deposition, active
redistribution, and non-deposition of terrigenous material occur in the gulf.
Inventory of marine surficial geology, sedimentology, geomorphology, quaternary paleontology and paleoecology, geochemistry and related studies of the pacific regions of Canada
Authors: Ricker K E
Published: March 2017

This report is an inventory of marine geologic and related reports for the coastal and offshore regions of the Pacific margin of Canada. The scope is limited to those studies dealing with sediments, processes or events of the Quaternary Period including the
Recent Epoch. About 1,850 papers, reports, memoranda, theses and maps have been uncovered to date of which one third are of American origin--bridging international waters more of ten than not. The bibliographies are subdivided into a Part I-coastal and inside waterway zone, and a Part
II-offshelf-abyssal region. About 1,550 entries are listed in the former while less than 300 titles have been uncovered for the latter. Of the former, industry (including consultants) and government agencies have yielded more than 25% each of the titles, whereas in the latter the deep-sea
exploration is almost totally an academic research enterprise. In Part I, a concerted effort has been directed in the acquisition of information about the 18 critical estuaries under review by the Estuary Working Group within the Department of Environment Canada. The reports and titles uncovered in
this inventory are plotted as to their geographic extent on maps covering Parts I and II of this summation and are keyed to the bibliographies using a note number system. Geologic sampling of the surficial sediments of the coastal marine environment was found to be more extensive than anticipated,
and analyses of about one half of the several thousand sample
locations are on record - though not always in published format. About 1,200 short cores taken from the Vancouver Island Shelf, Queen Charlotte Sound and Hecate Strait regions are in storage with the Geological Survey of Canada awaiting a second phase of detailed examination and analysis. This and
other information is a useful base for the eventual preparation of preliminary sediment maps. Ironically, sampling of the deep-sea environment is sparse; yet, several maps have been prepared by American and Russian investigators to yield at least a style or pattern of sedimentation on the Abyssal
and Continental Rise regions lying westward of the Canadian coast.
Local variability of ground ice occurrence at selected sites in the Mackenzie valley
Authors: Heginbottom J A , Kurfurst P J
Published: March 2017

Relatively undisturbed soil and ice samples collected from nine sites between Fort Simpson and Inuvik, N.W. T. formed the basis of this report on investigation of the local variability of frozen ground and ground ice at shallow depths along the Mackenzie Valley
Transportation Corridor. The sites were chosen to cover a range of environmental conditions such as slope, aspect, surficial geology, drainage and a range of conditions resulting from the activities of man, such as forest fires, bulldozing, land clearing and highway construction. Frozen ground was
found to be essentially continuous in the north becoming discontinuous to the south. The amount of visible ground ice varied similarly, with many large discrete ice lenses in the north and practically none in the south. The greatest changes occur in the area between Inuvik and Fort Good Hope. Five
factors were found to be particularly significant in affecting the distribution and amount of permafrost and ground ice. The factors, and a summary of their effects, are as follows:
- Latitude: frozen ground is more extensive, occurs at shallower depths and includes more visible ice in the north compared to the south.
- soil texture: fine textured soils contain more moisture and ice than coarse textured soils; there is a clear, positive relationship between the silt content and the natural water content;
-slope aspect: south facing slopes are drier with less ground ice and north facing slopes wetter with more ground ice than flat areas; surface drainage: significant differences in ice content were seen under poorly and well drained areas, however the cause of the difference was not consistent;
- surface distuxbance: removal of surface vegetation leads to thawing of permafrost and a thicker active layer, the degree of change is a function of time and the extent of vegetation removed.
The relative importance of these factors varies from site to site.
A three-component aeromagnetic survey of eastern Canada
Authors: Haines G V , Hannaford W
Published: March 2017

A three-component airborne magnetic survey of central and eastern Quebec, Davis Strait, the Atlantic Provinces, and adjacent areas of the Atlantic Ocean was carried out in late 1976. The average flight line spacing was 74 km and the average altitude was 4.6 km
above sea level. Only data considered to be relatively free of disturbance fields are presented. The data were averaged over 30 seconds of time, or approximately 3.5 km of flight track. The International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) was removed from these averages, and the resulting residuals
plotted as profiles. A 3rd degree polynomial was fitted to the survey data by least-squares. Contour plots of the polynomial field minus the IGRF are given.
Interpretation of polar cap and auroral oval equivalent current flow using inversion techniques
Authors: Rostoker G , Oldenburg D W , Hughes T J
Published: March 2017

Ground based magnetometer data have been used extensively in the past to infer the pattern of equivalent current flow above the earth's surface. Howcver it was not possible to assign real current flow characteristics to the ionosphere and magnetosphere until in
situ mappirg of fieldaligned current flow penetrating the auroral aval was carried out . Enhanced knowledge of real current flow permits the use of core sophisticated techniques to quantitatively evaluate the behaviour of the auroral electrojets which are responsible for the major magnetic
variations observed at the earth's surface. This report describes the development of inversion techniques which can be used to provide quantitative information on the strength and distribution of auroral electrojet currents in the evening sector. The model current systems used involve both the
normal three dimensional current loop whose ionospheric portion is the east-west electrojet, and the north-south Pedersen ionospheric currents linked to the magnetosphere by east-west oriented field-aligned sheet currents. We demonstrate, in this report, the ability of this technique to detect
multiple electrojet configurations in the evening sector auroral oval.
An electrical resistivity anomaly near La Malbaie, Quebec
Authors: Kurtz R D , Niblett E R , Chouteau M , Newitt L R
Published: March 2017

A limited region of very low electrical resis t ivity at shallow depths in the earth's crus t has been found near the village of Ste- Mathilde, Québec. Rough estimates of the depth and areal extent of the anomalous zone have been made, mainly by means of
magnetotelluric and audio- magnetotelluric observations. ~1ore detailed surveys are required to properly delineate and document this unusual feature.
Investigation of rates of water movement through frozen soil
Authors: Williams P J , Perfect E
Published: March 2017

The presence of water along with ice in frozen ground has been recognized since the early sixties. However it was not until the 1970's that a deliberate attempt to determine the mobility of that water by measuring hydraulic conductivity of frozen soils was made.
This report first reviews the theory and significance of the hydraulic conductivity of frozen soils and then describes a project designed to investigate the rates of water movement. This work, intended to contribute to the knowledge and accuracy of the measurement of hydraulic conductivity and to
follow up questions raised by the original permeameter experiments, also involved the !direct investigation of moisture content distribution and thus water migration in frozen soil columns. A novel approach to the freezing column was developed, which it is hoped will permit direct measurement of
water migration as a function of temperature gradients in the frozen soil.
Discussion and interpretation of the mathematics governing radial flow in a single horizontal rock fracture
Authors: Bawden W F , Roegiers J C
Published: March 2017

From the viewpoint of practical rock eng~1cering, radial flow must be cons:ldcred one of the most important aspects of groundwalcr hydrology. All standard field tes ting - including pump tests, packer tests, flow into drainage chambers and grouting - must be
analysed based on radial flow concepts. Two distinct flow systems are encountered. These are: (a) Conductivity tests in soil, wh~re the medium can be idealized as a continuum nnd a_ statisticnl Darcy al?pro.::..ch assumc~d valid. (b) Conductivity tests in fractured rock where the test
section will include only one or a few discrete fluid conduits, where a statistical interpretation is seldom valid. This r epor t deals only with the latter. The fracture flow formulations cliscussed are all basecl on the basic paral lel plate model. The aim is to compare the various derivations ,
assumptions, etc. using consistent nomenclature so that any substantive variance in the rer"uJ ts could hc an8lysccL This :Ls clone for hoth l.1minar and tm-bulent flow regimes.
Results of underwater and surface regional gravity surveys off the coast of Labrador, 1972
Authors: Valliant H D , Macnab R F , Stephens L E , Grant S T , Cooper R
V
Published: March 2017

A geophysical survey was completed in the Labrador Sea off Hamilton Inlet in 1972 using two surface gravimeters and one underwater gravimeter. The two surface meters were operated simultaneously aboard CSS Hudson. The underwater meter was operated from CFA V
Sackville in an area which overlapped the surface meter measurements. The observations from the three gravimeters were adjusted by the method of least squares and the composite data were completed in the form of free-air and Bouguer anomaly maps at a scale of 1: 1,000,000. The accuracy of the
computed anomalies was estimated at between one and two mgal (±la) depending on the number of instruments which were observed at the point.
Results of underwater gravity surveys over the southern Nova Scotia Continental Shelf
Authors: Stephens L E , Cooper R V
Published: March 2017

Underwater gravity surveys completed during 1971 on the southern Nova Scotia continental shelf are an extension of surveys carried out in 1970 by the Earth Physics Branch of the Department of Energy, Mines and Resources. The major gravity anomalies trend more or
less parallel to the strike of the southern Nova Scotian shelf. A series of gravity highs on the southern Scotian shelf may be related to ridges developed within the basement during an early Mesozoic continental rupture. A steep gravity gradient associated with the continental margin delineates the
transition from continental to oceanic crust, in common with other continental margins throughout the world. A broad gravity low northwest of Sable Island, suggests the presence of an extensive Devonian granite batholith while other weaker negative gravity anomalies on the shelf are probably related
to Mesozoic and Tertiary sedimentary basins some of which contain Jurassic salt.
GEOS-C and measurement of the Earth tide
Authors: Bower D R
Published: March 2017

The geodesy community in Canada has successfully carried out major satellite pro.jects by pooling resources from indu stry, government, university and the private sec tor. Programs conducted in this manner have recently been recognized for their high level of
research and application content. This paper describes the results achieved and the nature of these large scalc programs, made possible through sharing equipment and collectivcly utilizing specialist personnel from ail the above sectors during such operations. The paper deals with the methods that
were used to create a spirit of cooperation during these projects and outlines considerations that should be taken into account in order to achieve a more effective contribution to Canada's research application goals.
Results of reconnaissance gravity surveys of Hudson Bay, gravity map report
Authors: Goodacre A K , Cooper R V , Weber J R
Published: March 2017

The results of 821 underw:ater gravity observations and about 4,000 km of sea-surface gravity profiles in Hudson Bay are presented in the form of two Bouguer anomaly maps. Analysis of the gravity data indicates that random errors of about ±3 mgal exist in
the sea-surface and underwater gravity measurements. These errors are due mainly to random errors in navigation and bathymetric dete:rminations, but part of the random errer in the sea-surface gravity meter readings may be due to off-level platform errors and cross-coupling errors. Systematic errors
in the gravity data should be generally small but they may be as great as 2 or 3 mgal in the eastern and northeastern parts of Hudson Bay where distortions in the electronic navigation system pattern were greatest. Unexplained constant shifts of S mgal or more occurred in six surface gravity
profiles. The Bouguer anomaly field of Hudson Bay shows no obvious correlation with the depth of the crust-mantle boundary, but it shows a partial correlation with the configuration of the Hudson Bay sedimentary basin as derived from magnetic and seismic data. The primary sources of variations in
the Bouguer anomaly field are density variations within the Precambrian crystalline basement . The broad, regional gravity low over Hudson Bay may be a consequence of crustal loading during Pleistocene glaciation.
The strong motion seismograph network in western Canada, 1970
Authors: Rogers G C , Milne W G , Bone M N
Published: March 2017

A program to install strong motion seismographs in the active seismic regions in western Canada was initiated in 1961. A total of 14 accelerographs and 48 seismoscopes are now installed along the coast of British Columbia. The seismoscopes and eight of the
accelerographs are instruments of United States Coast and Geodetic Survey design manufactured in Canada. The remaining six accelerographs have been purchased in the United States. The strong motion instruments are distributed in buildings on varied geological and local soil formations in a program
to determine ground motion and its variation with soil type in the vicinity of earthquake
epicentres.
A geological interpretation of the Bouguer Anomaly Field of Newfoundland
Authors: Weaver D F
Published: March 2017

During the summer of 1964, a Dominion Observatory field party occupied about 1,200 regional gravity stations on the Island of Newfoundland. The results are presented here in the form of a Bouguer anomaly map, accompanicd by a geologica.I interpretation of the
major features. The results reveal a major gravity gradient across a line that trends northeasterly over the southern part of the Great Northern Peninsula. This line may mark the boundary between the Grenville and Appalachian geological provinces. The anomalies north of this line average about 30
mgal less than the anomalies in the southern area. Seismic work suggests a thinner lower density crust in the north where the anomalies are negative, and a thicker higher density crust in the southern area where the anomalies are generally positive. Calculations show that the results are compatible
with the gravity data if density variations in the upper mantle contribute to the gravity field. In neither area does there appear to be any dependence of Bouguer anomaly on elevation. A correlation of the local Bouguer anomalies with the surface geology suggests that granite is the prime cause of
the negative anomalies of Newfoundland. The sediments, most of which are metamorphosed, appear to have very little effect on the gravity field. Most of the positive anomalies of Newfoundland correlate with large bodies of diorite or with gabbroic a.nd ultrabasic intrusions. It is suggested that many
of the longer wavelength regional v:1riations in the gravity field are produced by changes in the crustal parameters at depth.
Paleomagnetism and the kinematic history of mafic and ultramafic rocks in fold mountain belts
Authors: Gagnon B , Tanguay X , Amor B , Imbrogno A F
Published: March 2017

Mafic and ultramafic rocks commonly occur in orogenic belts, and some can be regarded as remnants of oceanic lithosphere trapped in a subduction zone at the edge of oceanic plate. If this is so, then the opposing plate edges must have moved towards one another.
The initial (pre-movement) positions of the plate margins can be calculated if there are paleomagnetic results from both margins pertaining to at least two different periods (different field configurations) prior to the movements. Only a few paleomagnetic results relevant to Canadian ultramafic
complexes are available. However, the kinematic framework of most Phanerozoic examples could be studied using existing paleomagnetic techniques, and, as an illustration, results from the Pacific Ocean and the Pacific rim of North America are described. These results do not yet meet the full
technical requirements, so accurate reconstructions cannot be made, but nevertheless they indicate that since the Triassic the crust of the Pacific Ocean and the western margin of the Cordillera were displaced northwards by several thousand kilometres relative to the main body of North America, and
hence that the ultramafic rocks of the Cordillera could be fragments of intervening oceanic lithosphere driven into the continent from the south. Data are insufficient for comparisons relevant to Canadian ultramafic complexes older than late Paleozoic to be made, but a review of the problems allows
two conclusions to be made. The first is that the problem of determining the kinematic framework of the Appalachian ophiolites is experimentally accessible and could be readily obtained; such a study could be a test case of the hypothesis of plate tectonics for the Lower Paleozoic. The second
conclusion is that in order to determine the kinematic framework of Precambrian occurrences it will almost certainly be necessary to make general use of late orogenic secondary magnetization.
Gravity in the Sudbury Basin and vicinity
Authors: Régnière J , Sanders C J
Published: March 2017

The rèsults of some 500 measurements of gravity over an area of about 2,000 square miles in the Sudbury district are presented. Although a more complete network of stations is desirable, the principal trends and major features of the gravity field are
believed to have been established. It has been shown that most of these features are largely controllcd by surface densities of the rock formations. The anomalies, for instance, are quite variable over the Killarney granites and gneisses and were found to be directly related to density changes
within these masses. A gravity high that persists along the southern boundary of the basin is the most prominent feature of the anomaly pattern and is largely due to the noritic phase of the irruptive and to the Stobie formation. The steep gradient over the Mississagi quartzites is interpreted as
reflecting a thinning of this formation to the north. Evaluation of the gravity data over the basin suggests that the structure of the Sudbw-y irruptive and overlying Whitewater sediments is similar to one deduced by Collins and Kindle from geological considerations. The measurements deny the
existence of large underground channels near the centre of the basin, but provide some support to the theory that the rise of the magma was controlled by faulting along the south side of the basin.