bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acute Alcohol-Induced Glutamate Changes Measured with Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 Positron Emission Tomography
Authors: Raval Nakul Ravi , Smart Kelly , Miller Rachel , Huang Yiyun , Krystal John H. , Carson Richard E. , Cosgrove Kelly P. , O’Malley Stephanie S. , Hillmer Ansel T.
Published: October 2024

Background: Alcohol consumption at clinically relevant doses alters brain glutamate release. However, few techniques exist to measure these changes in humans. The metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) PET radioligand [11C]ABP688 is sensitive to acute alcohol in rodents, possibly mediated by alcohol effects on glutamate release. This study aimed to determine the sensitivity of [11C]ABP688 PET to an acute alcohol challenge in humans.
Methods: Eight social drinkers (25–42 years; 5 females) with a recent drinking occasion achieving blood alcohol level (BAL)>80 mg/dL were recruited. All participants underwent a 90-minute dynamic baseline [11C]ABP688 PET scan. Two weeks later (range: 7-29 days), participants completed an oral laboratory alcohol challenge over 30 minutes, targeting a BAL of 60 mg/dL. Immediately after the challenge, a second [11C]ABP688 PET scan was performed. Non-displaceable binding potential (BPND; indicative of mGluR5 availability) and R1 (indicative of relative blood flow) were estimated using the Simplified Reference Tissue Model with the cerebellum as the reference region. Blood samples were taken throughout the scanning procedure to measure the BAL.
Results: Seven participants (4 females) completed the study. The mean peak BAL achieved was 61 ± 18 mg/dL. Acute alcohol significantly decreased [11C]ABP688 BPND (F(1,42) = 17.05, p < 0.001; Cohen’s d = 0.32–0.60) and increased [11C]ABP688 R1 (F(1,42) = 6.67, p = 0.013; Cohen’s d = 0.32–0.48) across brain regions. Exploratory analysis showed a positive relationship between alcohol-induced % change in [11C]ABP688 R1 in cortical regions and peak BAL (Spearman rho = 0.78 & 0.85; p = 0.024 & 0.011).
Conclusions: This proof-of-concept study demonstrates that [11C]ABP688 PET imaging is sensitive to the effects of acute alcohol consumption. The observed decrease in mGluR5 availability aligns with preclinical data indicating acute increased extracellular glutamate concentrations following ethanol dosing. This imaging tool could be useful for future investigations into the acute effects of alcohol on the brain during abstinence and withdrawal.
Could a feedback device help manage work-related shoulder disorders? – Protocol of a mixed methods pilot study
Authors: Meidinger Philippe , Hong Quan Nha , Tittley Jean , Campeau-Lecours Alexandre , Roy Jean-Sébastien
Published: October 2024

Background: Work-related shoulder disorders (WRSDs) pose a significant problem, negatively impacting workers’ health and well-being. Various factors contribute to WRSDs, including work environment, physical workload, psychological stressors and an aging workforce. While various interventions have been proposed to address WRSDs, finding high-quality evidence to support any of them remains challenging. One potential reason is the lack of valid tools to measure physical workload and customize interventions. Hence, we developed a portable feedback system ShoulderWatchLoad (SWL) designed to estimate physical work demands on the shoulder. The objectives of this pilot study are (a) to evaluate the feasibility of implementing the SWLin the workplace and conducting a large-scale randomized clinical trial (RCT) by assessing recruitment success, intervention adherence, acceptability of the technology, the research team’s capacity to refine the SWL, and estimating the sample size for the main trial, and (b) to explore the SWL capacity to reduce disability, pain, work limitations, and physical work demands while increasing pain self-efficacy among workers with WRSDs.
Methods/Design: A convergent mixed methods pilot study will be conducted. The quantitative component will consist of a two-arm parallel group external pilot RCT involving 60 participants with WRSDs who will be randomized into one of the two study groups. Following baseline evaluation, all participants will attend an education session in the workplace. Following this session, participants of the experimental group will receive a 2-week workplace intervention using feedback from the SWL, while participants in the control group will not receive this intervention. All participants will undergo four evaluations over a 12-week period (baseline, 3rd, 6th, and 12th weeks). The qualitative component will be a descriptive qualitative study involving three focus groups with 18 participants from the experimental group. An innovative joint display will be used to represent the integration of qualitative and quantitative data, along with progression criteria, to draw meta-inferences about the feasibility of conducting a full-scale RCT in the future.
Discussion: A holistic approach combining qualitative and quantitative elements will enable us to determine the SWL usability and acceptability, and whether the conduct of a full RCT is feasible.
Trial registration: Not registered, the recruitment has not begun.
The Relationship Between Diabetes and Pneumonia
Authors: Al-Ghofray Amjad , aldawud Abdalaziz , Al-bardan Hussam
Published: October 2024

This study was conducted to determine the relationship between the severity of pneumonia and its adverse outcomes associated with the presence of diabetes. It included 213 patients admitted to the chest department with pneumonia and diabetes. The retrospective methodology was adopted by conducting a statistical and semantic study, where information was collected from patient records, and diabetes characteristics such as the duration of the disease and complications associated with the presence of the disease were determined. In addition, adverse outcomes of pneumonia such as the need for admission to the intensive care unit according to the severity of the disease measured by the CURB-65 scale, the need for oxygen, or the occurrence of death were determined. The results showed that diabetic patients with pneumonia are more vulnerable and at risk in the context of pneumonia in terms of the need for admission to the intensive care unit, oxygen therapy, the need for invasive mechanical ventilation, and the severity of pneumonia, in addition to an increased mortality rate. The study also found a significant relationship between blood sugar values at admission and the occurrence of death in diabetic patients with pneumonia.
Assessing knowledge and awareness of laryngeal cancer among Syrian population
Authors: Najati Ghena , Alsalti Nour , Snno Nour , Alaldouni Toka , Alawa Mhd Nobough
Published: October 2024

Determining awareness about laryngeal cancer is necessary because it helps to early diagnosis, which increases the chances of successful treatment. Awareness also enhances understanding of risk factors and symptoms, and helps individuals make good decisions about their health. In addition, it promotes the awareness and community support programs establishment, which contribute to improving patient outcomes.
Kinematic Analysis of 3-PRPPS Spatial Parallel Manipulator with Circularly Guided Base for Singularity-Free Robotic Motions
Authors: Shaik Himam Saheb
Published: October 2024

Robot manipulators are classified as serial manipulators and parallel manipulators. Parallel manipulators are classified into planar and spatial parallel manipulators (SPMs). The parallel manipulators have moved and fixed platforms connected with serial chains. The parallel manipulators have many linkages, which create a singularity problem. The singular positions of SPMs have also gained substantial attention in various industrial applications due to their intrinsic advantages in precision, flexibility, and load-bearing capabilities. The 3-PRPPS SPM has three prismatic joints, one spherical joint, and one revolute joint. This work changed the fixed base with a circular guided base to avoid singularity issues. The manipulator was modeled with direct kinematic relations. The Jacobian matrix for position and orientation was derived. The workspace was taken as the common area of the three circles, whose radius was the maximum arm length. The position and orientation of the end effector were traced. In the form of the end effector traces, no singularities in the mechanism were observed. The path of the robot manipulator was observed in all the possible positions and orientations. The multi-body simulation was also conducted on the 3-PRPPS manipulator, the main findings of which are presented in this article.
Gravidade da Apneia obstrutiva do sono prediz capacidade funcional
Authors: Da Costa Janina Lied , Pissolato Jéssica da Silva , Petter Gustavo do Nascimento , Mota Lidianara de Moraes , Saccol Michele Forgiarini , Callegaro Carine Cristina
Published: October 2024

A Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono (AOS) é caracterizada pela obstrução parcial ou total das vias aéreas superiores, resultando em hipóxia intermitente, dessaturação da oxihemoglobina e fragmentação do sono. O sexo masculino e a obesidade são fatores de risco. Objetivou-se comparar o desempenho de indivíduos com AOS em relação aos valores preditos de força dos músculos extensores do joelho, resistência muscular de membros inferiores (MMIIs) e capacidade funcional, bem como, verificar a relação da gravidade da AOS e do índice de massa corporal (IMC) com o desempenho físico. Estudo analítico observacional transversal, realizado entre Outubro/2019 e Junho/2022, com 18 homens com diagnóstico de AOS. Instrumentos utilizados: Dinamômetro digital (contração voluntária máxima isométrica), teste de sentar e levantar da cadeira durante 30 segundos e teste de caminhada de 6 minutos. A amostra teve idade média de 40,6 ± 9,2 anos e IMC: 32,9 ± 7,6 kg/m². A força dos músculos extensores do joelho não apresentou diferença em comparação aos valores preditos. A resistência de MMII apresentou tendência de redução (12,8 ± 3,7 vs 15,2 ± 2,1; p= 0,071; d=0,798) e a capacidade funcional (p=0,429; d= 0,177) não diferiu significativamente dos valores preditos. Concluímos que indivíduos com AOS apresentam tendência estatística de redução da resistência muscular de MMIIs em relação aos valores preditos. Entretanto, a força dos músculos extensores do joelho e capacidade funcional parecem estar preservadas. O IAH é preditor independente para a capacidade funcional e as variáveis do IAH e IMC se correlacionaram de forma direta.
Assessment of the potability and carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks of drinking water in rural areas of the Amhara region, Ethiopia
Authors: Shferaw Mekuanint Lewoyehu , Leweyehu Muluye , Afework Selomon
Published: October 2024

Drinking water quality has declined due to the increased pollution from industries, agricultural runoff, sewage, and domestic activities. This study evaluated the potability and carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk of drinking water in rural areas of the Amhara Region, Ethiopia. Water samples were collected from the drinking water sources of the dwellers, namely developed spring, shallow well, and deep well in January 2022. The collected water samples were analyzed for physicochemical and biological qualities and trace and heavy metal contents. Chronic daily intake (CDI) and hazard quotient (HQ) indices were calculated to assess human health risks associated with heavy metal exposure. The groundwater pollution index (GPI) showed that 100% of the water samples were very highly polluted (GPI >2.5). The HQ values for both children and adults were less than 1. All samples’ total coliform and fecal coliform counts surpassed the recommended limit of 0 cfu/100 mL. The water sources of the study sites were not deemed suitable for drinking as most of the water quality parameters did not meet the national and international drinking water quality standards. There should be immediate treatment of the contaminated water using chlorination, UV treatment, or filtration to save people from waterborne diseases and avoid environmental risks.
A study of the effects of Usage motivation and interactivity on satisfaction with Instagram webtoons
Authors:   The Korean Publishing Science Society, Lee Jang Suk , Kim Mun Ki
Published: October 2024

In recent times, there has been a notable surge in interest surrounding social networking service (SNS) webtoons, with Instagram webtoons emerging as a particularly popular phenomenon. The popularity of Instagram webtoons can be attributed to three key factors: ease of accessibility, a concise format, and storylines that resonate with users on an everyday level. This study aims to identify the motivations of Instagram webtoon users and to empirically analyze the impact of these motivations and the interactivity factor, as a characteristic of social networking service (SNS) webtoons, on their satisfaction with Instagram webtoons. To this end, a survey was conducted among 216 individuals between the ages of 10 and 30 who have experience using Instagram webtoons. The findings revealed that there are multiple dimensions of motivation (information and trend seeking, convenience, social connection, emotional relaxation, content loyalty, and efficiency) underlying the use of Instagram webtoons. Additionally, the results indicated that interactivity factors have a notable impact on user satisfaction. This study aims to provide theoretical and practical implications by empirically examining the factors that influence satisfaction with Instagram webtoons. The findings can be utilized as a basis for the continued growth of Instagram webtoons and the improvement of the user experience.
Caracterización de habilidades blandas como herramienta de gestión académica y organizacional
Authors: ESCORCIA MARRIAGA LUIS GABRIEL , MERCADO VALENCIA ZAYMA LUCILA
Published: October 2024

Introducción: La gestión organizacional funcional en muchos casos se ve afectada por serias dificultades en la gestión emocional de los colaboradores que componen este tejido. Por esta razón, los líderes organizacionales de hoy están haciendo consciente la necesidad de profundizar en la idoneidad de los vinculados a sus empresas, por tal motivo, caracterizar tempranamente a los individuos es una estrategia funcional para garantizar dichos perfiles. Objetivo: Diseñar un instrumento que permita caracterizar de forma temprana las habilidades blandas como herramienta de gestión académica y organizacional. Metodología: El presente documento ha sido realizado desde un enfoque descriptivo cuantitativo, no experimental, de campo, con un muestreo por conveniencia. Resultados: Se presentan los hallazgos del diseño del instrumento alineado a las competencias con sus respectivos puntajes brutos son las siguientes: pensamiento sistémico e investigativo 7, creatividad e innovación 9, empatía 9, emprendimiento 8, flexibilidad 10, integridad 6, multitasking 7, pensamiento crítico 6, tecnología 7, trabajo en equipo eficaz 10, visión inspiradora 10, y el promedio general 8,1. Conclusiones: La propuesta diseñada permite armonizar las habilidades blandas de forma estructurada generando valor para futuras investigaciones aplicadas
Leadership Styles and Change Readiness: Improving Employee Performance During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Primandaru Noormalita , Kairupan Daniel JI
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic necessitated significant organizational changes, particularly in higher education institutions in Indonesia, leading to a transition to distance learning and remote working arrangements. This study examined the effects of different leadership styles, i.e., authoritarian, democratic, and laissez-faire, on employee performance, focusing on the mediating role of change readiness. Data were collected from 42 business schools in Yogyakarta using a survey method, and the results were analyzed using the SmartPLS 3.0 application. The results indicate that while authoritarian leadership positively affects change readiness, it does not significantly improve employee performance. Conversely, democratic leadership positively influences both change readiness and employee performance. Laissez-faire leadership has a positive effect on change readiness but does not significantly improve employee performance. The study concludes that change readiness significantly mediates the relationship between leadership styles and employee performance, highlighting the importance of adaptive leadership in managing organizational change during the pandemic. Keywords:Authoritarian Leadership, Democratic Leadership, Laissez-Faire Leadership, Change Readiness, Employee Performance
Scenario Planning and Tourism Futures
Authors: Postma Albert , Hartman Stefan , Yeoman Ian
Published: October 2024

This book offers a practical guide for scenario planning to make sense of the future of tourism for practitioners, researchers and students. A variety of case studies are presented which demonstrate how scenario planning is deployed. They include learning points and questions to help readers understand key concepts, theories and applications.
Structural and morphological features of magnetron nanofilms of TaN with different thicknesses
Authors: Kuzmenko A. P. , Kashkin I. S. , Kolpakov A. I. , Zhakin A. I. , Yemelyanov Vi M.
Published: October 2024

Purpose of research. Study of morphological and phase changes in the structure of tantalum nitride nanofilms formed by magnetron reactive sputtering on a silicon substrate.

Methods. Magnetron sputtering on a silicon substrate was performed using the MVU TM-Magna T setup with the sputtering time parameter changing from 300 to 900 sec, and also with constant power parameters of 500 W and working gas pressure of Ar 0,5 Pa. The morphological and phase changes in the structure of tantalum nitride nanofilms were studied using atomic force microscopy and X-ray phase analysis. The fractal dimension was determined using the cube counting method. X-ray diffractometric analysis in the in situ measurement mode with discrete heating (in 100 °C increments) in air up to 1000 °C using the PAAR HTK-16 high-temperature attachment.

Results. Using atomic force microscopy methods, it was found that the granulometric distribution of nanoclusters in the studied TaN nanofilms was Gaussian and an increase in the lateral size of particles was observed with an increase in the deposition time. The nanofilm with a deposition time of 300 s had minimal roughness. The statistical fractal dimension was calculated, the value of which corresponded to their three-dimensionality. According to the X-ray phase analysis data, the sizes of the coherence region, texturing, microdeformations and interplanar deformation distortions were determined, and a mixed Stranski-Krastanov mechanism of nanofilm formation was established.

Conclusion. The surface roughness of nitride nanofilms formed at a constant power (500 W) depends significantly on the magnetron sputtering time and N2 concentration. In all studied nanofilm structures, the dominant growth mechanism was the mixed Stranski–Krastanov mechanism.
Methods of active friction control in the presence of lubricant compositions with mesogenic additives
Authors: Elnikova L. V. , Belyaev V. V.
Published: October 2024

Purpose of research. The aim of the study is to systematize the latest literature data related to the modulation of the friction coefficient by external fields when using lubricant compositions with liquid crystal mesogens and polymer composites.

Methods. The article considers the methods of tribological tests using various schemes of friction pairs (cylinder-disk, pin-on-disk). Some commonly used methods of applying coatings to the elements of friction pairs are considered: ion beam-assisted deposition, chemical and physical thermal spraying, molecular layer deposition, photopolymerization, etc. Of the discussed methods of characterizing tribosystems, the following are indicated: dielectric spectroscopy, Raman scattering, polarization optical microscopy, nuclear-physical methods (positron annihilation spectroscopy and Xray diffraction).

Results. The article systematizes modern trends in the development of modulated modes of operation of tribological circuits with lubricant compositions containing liquid crystals and polymer composites. The following approaches are used to implement active control of the friction coefficient: 1) modulation of friction by an electric field, 2) modulation of friction by a temperature field, and 3) modulation of friction on optical gratings under light irradiation. These approaches take into account the changed characteristics of the lubricant associated with the use of mesogenic additives, modes of exposure to electromagnetic and thermal fields, electrical characteristics, geometry of the surface of friction pairs, and provide the values of tribological characteristics (friction coefficient and wear) that are achieved as a result of friction modulation.

Conclusion. A positive effect of mesogenic additives of liquid crystals and polymers on tribological characteristics with active control of the friction coefficient has been established: a decrease in the friction coefficient is observed, which helps to reduce material wear.
On the dependence of the thermal module of elasticity of a two-component magnetic fluid on frequency, concentration and magnetic field
Authors: Zarifzoda A. Q. , Bozorova Yu. K.
Published: October 2024

Purpose. Study of the dependence of the thermal modulus of elasticity of a two-component magnetic fluid on the magnitude of the magnetic field strength, the frequency of external disturbance and the volumetric concentration of magnetic particles.

Method. The research method is based on the kinetic theory of liquid systems. Based on previously constructed kinetic equations for one-particle and two-particle distribution functions and a microscopic expression for the heat flux vector, an explicit dynamic expression for the thermal modulus of elasticity of magnetic fluids is obtained. In fast processes  in liquids, heat transfer occurs in waves and their propagation is similar to the propagation of second sound in helium II. The thermal modulus of elasticity in liquids appears at high frequencies and ensures the propagation of second sound. The expression for the thermal modulus of elasticity consists of potential and kinetic parts, taking into account structural and translational relaxation processes, respectively. To study the thermoelastic properties of magnetic fluids, appropriate expressions of potential interaction energies were selected for each subsystem, allowing for numerical calculations.

Results. Numerical calculations of the frequency and concentration dependence of the dynamic thermal modulus of elasticity in the presence of an external magnetic field in a kerosene-based magnetic fluid were carried out. The calculation results show that an increase in the influence of external disturbances leads to a nonlinear increase in the thermal modulus of elasticity in the magnetic fluid. An increase in the volume concentration of magnetic particles and an increase in the magnetic field strength also led to a nonlinear increase in the thermal modulus of elasticity in the magnetic fluid.

Conclusion. It has been established that, due to taking into account translational and structural relaxation processes, the region of frequency dispersion of the thermal elastic modulus is wide. Numerical calculations carried out at different values of the external magnetic field and the volume concentration of magnetic particles showed that although an increase in the magnetic field and concentration of magnetic particles leads to an increase in the thermal modulus of elasticity, their increase does not affect the change in the frequency dispersion region.
Influence of inhomogeneous magnetic field source location on the intensity of thermomagnetic convection in a closed loop
Authors: Koskov M. A.
Published: October 2024

Purpose. Obtaining information on the influence of the location of the inhomogeneous magnetic field source relative to the heated section of a vertical hydrodynamic loop filled with magnetic fluid on the intensity of convective heat transfer along the loop.

Methods. Experiments were carried out using a hydrodynamic loop made of a thin tube of circular cross-section and placed in a vertical plane. Heat source was carried out by a heater on a short vertical section of the loop, and heat removal was implement out by blowing the entire surface of the tube with thermostated air. The source of the magnetic field was the flat pole tips of the ferrite magnetic core, in the gap between which the heater was located. The position of the pole tips relative to the heater varied vertically in the experiments. In the control experiments, the source of the magnetic field was deleted. The circuit was filled with medium concentrated magnetic liquid of the type "magnetite - kerosene - oleic acid". The intensity of steady-state convective heat flow along the tube was calculated from the results of measuring the tube surface temperature by copper-constantane thermocouples. The measurement results were presented in dimensionless form - the relationship between the Nusselt number and Rayleigh number.

Results. The unfluctuating mixed, thermomagnetic and gravitational, convection of the magnetic fluid in the loop was observed at any location of the pole tips of the magnetic core relative to the heater. At location of pole tips above the heater, competition of gravitational and thermomagnetic convection was observed, and the heat flux was weak. When the pole tips were placed below the heater, the Nusselt number was 2 - 4 times higher than in the control tests (only gravitational convection) with equal Rayleigh numbers. The highest Nusselt numbers were obtained when the field source was placed in center of the heater.

Conclusion. Information on the influence of the relative location of the magnetic field source and the heater on convective heat transfer by magnetic fluid in a hydrodynamic loop is obtained experimentally. The optimal concerning of heat transfer intensity position of the field source was found.
Structure and properties of powders obtained by electrodispersion of pure Nickel metal waste in distilled water
Authors: Ageeva E. V. , Lоktionova O. G. , Ulitin D. A. , Ageeva A. E.
Published: October 2024

Purpose. Investigation of the composition, structure and properties of powder materials obtained by electrodispersion of nickel waste of the PNK-0T1 brand in an oxygen-containing medium – distilled water.

Methods. To determine the composition, structure and properties of powder materials, samples of powders obtained from waste nickel grade PNK-0T1 were studied. The powder material was obtained by electroerosive dispersion in distilled water. Microanalysis of powder particles was carried out using a scanning electron microscope, an analysis of the size distribution of powder particles was obtained using a particle size analyzer, an X-ray spectral microanalysis of powder particles was carried out using an energy-dispersive X-ray analyzer embedded in a scanning electron microscope, an analysis of the phase composition of powder particles was carried out using X-ray diffraction on the diffractometer.

Results. During the study, it was revealed that the shape of the particles obtained from nickel powders is spherical and elliptical, and agglomerates of smaller particles are also noted on the increase. Oxygen and nickel are present in the composition of powder materials. The phases of pure nickel and nickel oxide NiO are marked in the phase composition. From the analysis of the granulometric histogram, it follows that the particle size spread varies in the range of 0.26...18.62 microns, the average volume diameter of the particles was 5.2 microns.

Conclusion. The obtained research results can be used to develop a new heavy pseudo-alloy using metal waste from expensive raw materials by the method of electroerosive dispersion, followed by improvement and optimization of the composition and structure of the alloy.
مؤشرات القدرة التنافسية لمجموعة بريكس في الإقتصاد العالمي
Authors: Ahmad Muhsin Ibrahim
Published: October 2024

تلعب مجموعة بريكس دوراً مهماً في الساحة الدولية، كونها تتميز عن بقية التكتلات الدولية، من حيث أنها  تشكلت من إتحاد دول من أربع قارات متباعدة، والتي تمثل أيضاً أربع حضارات متنوعة، وكذلك فإنها تتضمن قوتين دائمتي العضوية في مجلس الأمن الدولي من جهة، فضلاً عن تباين معدلات النمو الإقتصادي لدول المجموعة.
وتهدف مجموعة بريكس الى دعم قيام نظام دولي متعدد الأقطاب، وإصلاح هيئة الأمم المتحدة ومجلس الأمن التابع لها، بالإضافة الى إصلاح المؤسسات المالية الدولية.
يهدف البحث الى التحقق من فرضيته القائمة على أساس أن مجموعة بريكس بإمكانها أن تنافس التكتلات والمجاميع الإقتصادية القائمة في العالم، لما تمتلكها من مقومات و إمكانات المنافسة، وأن تنجح في إصلاح المؤسسات الدولية بحيث تعبّرعن تطلعات الجميع وترعى مصالحها والقضاء على القطبية الواحدة في السياسة الدولية. وخرج البحث  بنتيجة مؤداها أن مجموعة بريكس تفوقت على مجموعة السبع في (5) مؤشرات من أصل (12) مؤشراً أستخدمت في تحليل القدرة  التنافسية  لمجموعة بريكس في الإقتصاد العالمي.
AI Empowering Early Detection Of CAD Patients For Improved Cardiac Care: Implementation (Preprint)
Authors: Lim Nicholas
Published: October 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Coronary artery calcium (CAC) is a key indicator of atherosclerosis, a condition marked by the accumulation of plaque in the coronary arteries, which is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD) and cardiovascular events. Detecting CAC is critical for identifying patients at risk of CAD. To enhance the detection of CAC, Nanox.AI has developed HealthCCSng, an AI-based solution that identifies CAC categories in patients undergoing non-cardiac dedicated chest CT exams. This tool highlights patients with moderate to high CAC values, providing secondary capture images that can be seamlessly integrated into radiology reports.

A pilot implementation of the Nanox.AI CAC measurement tool was conducted at Einstein Medical Center, part of Jefferson Health. The initiative was a collaborative effort between the radiology and cardiology departments. Radiologists were trained to assess the AI-generated secondary capture images from non-gated, non-contrast chest CT scans. Meanwhile, the cardiology team informed primary care providers (PCPs) in their network about this innovative approach for opportunistically screening patients for CAD. A dedicated nurse was appointed to review the identified cases to ensure they met the eligibility criteria for follow-up, such as no known CAD and having an affiliated PCP.

The AI solution was configured to flag patients aged 30 or older with a CAC score above 100 Agatston units (AU), a threshold that most guidelines suggest warrants medical intervention. Among the 757 patients identified by the AI tool, 179 met all the criteria for further evaluation by the cardiology department. Exclusion criteria included patients with known cardiovascular disease (CVD) and those whose PCPs were outside the Jefferson Health network.

Out of the 179 patients flagged, notifications were sent to their PCPs through an automated process in the electronic medical record (EMR) system. Consequently, 97 patients returned to Einstein Medical Center for various cardiac-related consultations and procedures. These 97 patients underwent a total of 308 touchpoints with the cardiology department, including 78 echocardiograms, 11 SPECT stress tests, 42 general cardiac-related procedures, and 18 cardiac-specific interventions. This activity generated approximately $130,000 in revenue for the hospital, with only 46% of flagged patients returning for follow-up care. The revenue is expected to increase as more patients come back to the hospital for further clinical workup and treatment.

Overall, the implementation of this AI-driven CAC screening solution demonstrates significant clinical and economic benefits by enabling the early detection and management of CAD in a large patient population.
The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Rights in Africa
Authors: Esther Apio , Enoch Otim
Published: October 2024

This article explores the complex relationship between human rights law and climate change. The study further examines how climate change can affect human rights, while also considering how climate change can create barriers to the enjoyment of these rights. Through a comprehensive analysis of the literature and real-world case studies, the article provides a nuanced understanding of how climate change can impact human rights and offers recommendations for policymakers seeking to balance the interests of inventors and society as a whole.
The Effect of Human Resources Quality and Work Commitment on Employee Performance of Regional Drinking Water Company Mual Na Tio Tarutung
Authors: Bukit Niarita , Rajagukguk Holmes , Hutasoit Samsul
Published: October 2024

This study aims to determine and analyze how the influence of human resources and work commitment on the performance of employees of the regional drinking water company mual na tio tarutung. The research approach used is descriptive quantitative and supported by secondary data. The type of data used is primary data obtained from the results of questionnaire data processing and secondary data obtained from data processing and observation. The data analysis technique starts from distributing questionnaires to respondents, then processing the data with validity tests, reliability tests, classical assumption tests, correlation coefficient tests, multiple linear regression analysis, multiple correlation coefficient significance tests (F-test), and finally drawing conclusions.The results of research and discussion can be obtained that the relationship between variable X1 with variable Y is rhiting (0.633) > rtabel (0.226) it is concluded that there is a significant relationship between the quality of human resources (X1 ) and employee performance (Y). And based on the guidelines for interpreting the correlation coefficient, the coefficient found of 0.633 is included in the strong category. So there is a strong relationship between the Quality of Human Resources (X1) with employee performance (Y) at the Regional Drinking Water Company Mual Na Tio Tarutung.Vaiabel X2 relationship with variable Y is rhiting (0.633) > rtabel (0.226) it is concluded that there is a significant relationship between Work Commitment (X2) with employee performance (Y). And based on the guidelines for interpreting the correlation coefficient, the coefficient found of 0.633 is included in the strong category. So there is a strong relationship between work commitment (X2) with employee performance (Y) at the Regional Drinking Water Company Mual Na Tio Tarutung.
Derecho humano a vivienda adecuada y población indígena urbana: la comunidad triqui de La Candelaria en la Ciudad de México
Authors: Arroyo Rodríguez Carmen Elena , Gámez Alba E.
Published: October 2024

En este artículo se analiza la situación de la población indígena en zonas urbanas respecto al derecho humano a la vivienda adecuada, a partir de las percepciones de la comunidad triqui residente en La Candelaria, Ciudad de México. Para ello, se descansa en el enfoque de vivienda adecuada de Naciones Unidas y en el de interseccionalidad, que reúne diversas categorías de exclusión. El proceso de acceso a la vivienda de esa comunidad triqui muestra la necesidad de atender integralmente, como acción de Estado, los derechos humanos de las y los residentes indígenas vulnerados en las ciudades por la discriminación.
The Future of OOC on Neurological Diseases - Alzheimer's
Authors: A agannath , N Pearson A.
Published: October 2024

Abstract: Neurological Diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinsons' have been deemed incurable diseases. The complexity of the human brain is an obstacle for scientists to understand how treatments could interact with human brain microenvironments. To this date, researchers have used traditional modeling methods, such as in vitro cell culture and in vivo animal models. These methods are unable to showcase the different layers of the blood-brain barrier or accurately represent the cellular interactions within the brain. The proposed solution is a new research technology, organ on a chip, a multi-organ system connected with microfluidics. This review explores the organ on a chip, what it is made for, and how it is the future of drug development. In addition, we explore the lymphatic system and the different organ-on-a-chip models that can simulate the lymphatic system and BBB. Organ on a chip has the potential to help efficiently develop drugs and treatment, which has the potential to improve neurological disease conditions.
Enhanced Breast Cancer Diagnosis Through an Integration of MSVM and Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Balakumar N.
Published: October 2024

Breast cancer remains a major health concern among women, often spreading from the breast to other parts of the body, and is the second leading cause of death in women. While early detection significantly increases the chances of successful treatment, current methods face challenges in accuracy and efficiency. This paper presents an approach for early-stage breast cancer detection using a combination of genetic algorithms and decision trees. The genetic algorithm, an iterative technique, enhances the speed of results, while the decision tree aids in classification. Additionally, a multi-support vector machine (MSVM) is employed for feature extraction and comparison with trained images. The proposed model is evaluated based on classification accuracy, precision, F-score, and recall. Simulation results demonstrate improved performance over existing systems
Hybrid LSTM and Encoder-Decoder Architecture for Detection of Image and Video Forgeries
Authors: Vangaru Uday Sai Kiran
Published: October 2024

This paper introduces a hybrid architecture combining Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks and an encoderdecoder model for the detection and localization of image and video forgeries. The proposed system leverages resampling features and LSTM cells to identify manipulation patterns such as splicing and retouching in multimedia content. By utilizing a combination of spatial and temporal features, the model achieves high precision in detecting forged regions. Extensive testing on diverse datasets demonstrates the robustness of the proposed method.
The relationship between knowledge and perceptions towards acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine among health students at University of Muhammadiyah Malang
Authors: Jannah Annisa Miftahul , Sendi Lia Yunita  , Mutiara Titani
Published: October 2024

Background: COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) is a disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 that attacks the respiratory system. The government has made various prevention efforts, one of which is to create a COVID-19 vaccination program. Objective: to determine the level of knowledge, perceptions, and acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine, as well as the relationship between the level of knowledge and perceptions towards acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine among Health Students. Methods: This study is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional study design using online questionnaire. A sample size of 100 respondents was obtained. The relationship between respondent characteristics, knowledge, and perceptions of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was tested using the Chi-Square and Logistic Regression statistical tests. Results: It was found that 97% of respondents had good knowledge, 61% of respondents had positive perceptions, and 50% of respondents had high acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine. There is a relationship between respondent gender (p=0.028) and acceptance of the COVID-19 Vaccine. There is a relationship between perception (p=0.000) and acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine. However, there is no relationship between knowledge (p=0.500) and acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine. Conclusion: There is a relationship between perception and acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine.
Knowledge level of mothers of toddlers diagnosed with acute respiratory infection at Dinoyo Community Health Center, Malang City
Authors: Rusdiana Husna , Atmadani Rizka Novia
Published: October 2024

Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is an attack by viruses and bacteria in the upper and lower respiratory tract. The cause of the increase in the number of ARI sufferers can also be influenced by the level of parents' own knowledge of information about ARI. This study aims to analyze the level of knowledge of mothers of toddlers diagnosed with ARI. This research uses quantitative research methods which are observational research using cross-sectional studies by giving questionnaires to respondents. The sample in this study were 65 mothers of toddlers who were diagnosed with ARI at the Dinoyo Community Health Center, Malang City. The results showed that the knowledge level was found to be 89.2% good, 10.85% adequate, and 0% poor. Based on the results of the chi-square test analysis, it shows that in this study, mother's age, domicile, employment, health insurance, family income, and age of toddlers have a significance value of more than 0.05 so that it can be said that they do not have a relationship with the level of knowledge of mothers of toddlers diagnosed with ARI. There is no relationship between sociodemographic factors and the level of knowledge of mothers of toddlers.
Level of anxiety and internal tryout evaluation of the national objective structured clinical examinations (OSCE) results for pharmacy students
Authors: Astuti Engrid Juni , Hidayati Ika Ratna
Published: October 2024

OSCE (Objective Structured Clinical Examination) for pharmacist profession students is currently one of the measuring tools for success in competency exams to test victory in learning the Pharmacist Profession, in addition to the MCQ (Cognitive Based Test) method which is carried out in the form of CBT (Computer Based-Test). The Pharmacist Profession Study Program at the University of Muhammadiyah Malang (UMM) currently has professional pharmacist students and conducted a national tryout test for batch 2 students. In contrast, these students have never received training for the OSCE exam before. This study was conducted to evaluate the internal tryout on the results of the national OSCE score for Pharmacist students at the University of Muhammadiyah Malang” in batch 3 compared to batch 2, which had not done an internal tryout. In addition, an anxiety test was conducted on students taking the OSCE exam to get the degree of anxiety students taking the exam. From the study results, the anxiety level of the 2nd and 3rd batch students when facing the national OSCE exam was moderately anxious. Implementing the internal tryout had significant effects on the passing rate of the 3rd batch of students in the national OSCE exam.
Study progress on moringa seed oil with microemulsion: bibliometrics analysis of year 2012-2023
Authors: Chasanah Uswatun , Lalu Muhammad Irham  , Nining Sugihartini  , Sapto Yuliani
Published: October 2024

Transdermal drug delivery systems increase the effectiveness of a drug substance, and one of them is a microemulsion. Moringa oil has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial activity. The purpose of this study is to conduct a bibliometric analysis research on moringa oil formulated as microemulsions. A total of 5 English articles from the Scopus databases from 2012 to 2023 US sources were used in the bibliometrics analysis of Moringa oleifera seeds oil related to microemulsions. The bibliometrics analysis shows research trends, including the most used keywords depicted in visualizations using the VOSViewer application, article publishers, affiliations, and the author's country of origin. The most used keywords are microemulsions, microemulsion, Moringa oleifera, antioxidant activities, and antioxidants. The most publishers are Key Engineering Materials, the most affiliated are Chiang Mai University and Thamasat University, and most authors are from Thailand. The study of microemulsion formulations of Moringa seed oil has yet to be widely carried out but has been cited by other researchers.
A Comprehensive Review of the Current Understanding and Future Directions in Biofilms and Antibiotic Resistance in Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Indra Setiawan  , Miftha Churochman
Published: October 2024

This paper aims to analyze and evaluate the impact of social media on society. The study examines about Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) that is the multifactorial inflammatory disease of the nasal and paranasal mucosae for more than 12 weeks. Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a highly widespread condition that has a significant impact on a large population around the globe. There has been a notable increase in the focus on the significance of biofilms and antibiotic resistance in the pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The objective of this review is to consolidate existing scholarly literature on the aforementioned subjects, drawing from a selection of five prominent peer-reviewed works, while also suggesting potential avenues for further research. The objective of this study is to consolidate existing information regarding the involvement of biofilms and antibiotic resistance in the etiology and treatment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS), and to suggest potential avenues for future research. The study utilized a qualitative research methodology, integrating data from five primary scholarly papers that centered on topics such as chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), biofilms, antibiotic resistance, and therapeutic approaches. The process involved the extraction and analysis of data in order to discover prevalent themes, inconsistencies, and areas of research that have not been adequately addressed in the current body of literature. In conclusion, it can be inferred that the given information supports the notion that biofilms have been found to have a substantial impact on the pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), leading to increased disease severity and posing difficulties in its management. Gaining comprehension of the underlying mechanisms involved in the process of biofilm formation and the development of antibiotic resistance might provide valuable diagnostic and therapeutic perspectives. Subsequent investigations ought to prioritize the advancement of therapeutic interventions targeting biofilm formation and the acquisition of a more comprehensive comprehension of the microbiome in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).
Education on sharia drug use in bipolar disorder patients during fasting month at Prof. dr. Soerojo Mental Hospital Magelang
Authors: Nadila Prameswari  , Arifin Santoso  , Ishak
Published: October 2024

Bipolar disorder is an emotional state or mood that ranges from manic (high) to depressive. The role of the Qur'an in dealing with mental disorders can be as a therapist in changing the mind, personality of the patient gradually, and as a healer for patients suffering from mental disorders. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of sharia drug use education on bipolar patients at Prof. Dr. Soerojo Magelang Mental Hospital during the fasting month. Methods: This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Data collection for this study was conducted in February-March 2023. This study used a questionnaire as a tool to collect data and information media delivered through brochures. The results showed that bipolar disorder cases mostly had female gender characteristics (52%), and most had high school education (80%) as the last recorded education. With the results of the percentage value of understanding sharia drug use education in bipolar disorder patients, there is an increase in the influence on the success of patient therapy in peace of mind, quality of life and compliance in taking medication.