bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Empirical Bayes functional models for hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry
Authors: Crook Oliver M. , Chung Chun-wa , Deane Charlotte M.
Published: June 2022

Hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) is a technique to explore differential protein structure by examining the rate of deuterium incorporation for specific peptides. This rate will be altered upon structural perturbation and detecting significant changes to this rate requires a statistical test. To determine rates of incorporation, HDX-MS measurements are frequently made over a time course. However, current statistical testing procedures ignore the correlations in the temporal dimension of the data. Using tools from functional data analysis, we develop a testing procedure that explicitly incorporates a model of hydrogen deuterium exchange. To further improve statistical power, we develop an empirical Bayes version of our method, allowing us to borrow information across peptides and stabilise variance estimates for low sample sizes. Our approach has increased power, reduces false positives and improves interpretation over linear model-based approaches. Due to the improved flexibility of our method, we can apply it to a multi-antibody epitope-mapping experiment where current approaches are inapplicable due insufficient flexibility. Hence, our approach allows HDX-MS to be applied in more experimental scenarios and reduces the burden on experimentalists to produce excessive replicates. Our approach is implemented in the R-package “hdxstats”:https://github.com/ococrook/hdxstats.
Construction of an α-Fe2O3/Bi2O3 p–n heterojunction with exceptional visible-light photocatalytic performance for dye removal
Authors: Lei Rui , Wei Jinlong , He Wanzhu , Ao Xiuqin , Song Jinqiang , Wang Chao , Zhang Quanquan , Xie Hao , Li Jing , Ni Jiamiao
Published: June 2022

α-Fe2O3/Bi2O3 nanocomposites with a p–n heterojunction were synthesized via an anodization strategy and the hydrothermal method for photocatalytic applications.
Programmable biofilm-cellulose hybrid platform for specific clustering of microbial catalysts with optimized cellular synergy
Authors: Dong Hao , Zhang Wenxue , Zhou Shengmin , Wang Ping
Published: June 2022

A hybrid platform based on engineered biofilms was constructed to facilitate the specific clustering of two whole-cell catalysts. The tailor-made cell clustering was promising to improve the total catalytic efficiency by forming substrate channels.
Studies of pyrroloquinoline quinone species in solution and in lanthanide-dependent methanol dehydrogenases
Authors: Danaf Nader Al , Kretzschmar Jerome , Jahn Berenice , Singer Helena , Pol Arjan , Op den Camp Huub J. M. , Steudtner Robin , Lamb Don C. , Drobot Björn , Daumann Lena J.
Published: June 2022

Effects of pH and temperature on the distribution of different pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) species was investigated along with the spectroscopic properties of an europium(iii) and PQQ-containing methanol dehydrogenase.
Water dynamics in human cancer and non-cancer tissues
Authors: Marques M. P. M. , Santos I. P. , Batista de Carvalho A. L. M. , Mamede A. P. , Martins C. B. , Figueiredo P. , Sarter M. , Sakai V. García , Batista de Carvalho L. A. E.
Published: June 2022

Normal-to-malignant transformation is a poorly understood process associated with cellular biomechanical properties.
Phot0, a plausible primeval pigment on Earth and rocky exoplanets
Authors: de la Concepción Juan García , Cerdán Luis , Marcos-Arenal Pablo , Burillo-Villalobos Mercedes , Fonseca-Bonilla Nuria , Lizcano-Vaquero Rubén , López-Cayuela María-Ángeles , Caballero José A. , Gómez Felipe
Published: June 2022

Contrary to the generally accepted idea that the origin of photosynthesis occurred with evolved pigments such as Chl a, here we propose new geochemical conditions that place a primitive pigment in the early Earth environment for the common ancestors.
Nitrogen-rich ion salts of 1-hydroxytetrazole-5-hydrazide: a new series of energetic compounds that combine good stability and high energy performance
Authors: Yang Feng , Qin Yaqi , Wang Pengcheng , Lin Qiuhan , Xu Yuangang , Lu Ming
Published: June 2022

1-Hydroxy-tetrazole-5-hydrazide and its salts: a series of nitrogen-rich high energetic compounds with high stability.
A highly dispersed magnetic polymetallic catalyst to activate peroxymonosulfate for the degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater
Authors: Jiang Xu , Yan Wen , Xiong Zhili , Zhao Longshan
Published: June 2022

The synthetic process of the Zn0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4-S, N-GO sample and the proposed mechanism of pollutant degradation in the Zn0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4-S, N-GO/PMS system.
Hydraulic-driven piezoelectric ozonation process for nitrobenzene degradation: synergy, energy consumption, impact factors, mechanism, and application potential
Authors: Zhuang Wei , Shuai Yi , Yang Jing , Bai Lun , Zhao Mengshang , Tang Wei
Published: June 2022

The IBP is efficiently degraded by ˙OH in the PE-O3 process with less energy consumption and excellent stability.
Inhibition of the carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes α-amylase and α-glucosidase by hydroxylated xanthones
Authors: Santos Clementina M. M. , Proença Carina , Freitas Marisa , Araújo Alberto N. , Silva Artur M. S. , Fernandes Eduarda
Published: June 2022

A group of hydroxylated xanthones as promising inhibitors of key enzymes are involved in glucose metabolism and therefore in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Tuning the d-band center of NiC2O4 with Nb2O5 to optimize the Volmer step for hydrazine oxidation-assisted hydrogen production
Authors: Chen Xiao Hui , Fu Hong Chuan , Wu Li Li , Li Xiao Lin , Yang Bo , Li Ting , Gu Fei , Lei Jing Lei , Li Nian Bing , Luo Hong Qun
Published: June 2022

Nb2O5 can adjust the electronic structure of SNiC2O4 and improve the catalytic activity. Replacing the OER with the HzOR for hydrogen production can save 80% of energy consumption.
New β-carboline derivatives containing imidazolium as potential VEGFR2 inhibitors: synthesis, X-ray structure, antiproliferative evaluations, and molecular modeling
Authors: Ma Ling , Chen Xiaofei , Zhu Siyu , Chen Wei , Ma Qin , Fan Wenxi , Zhang Jie , Guo Liang
Published: June 2022

Herein we report novel multicomponent reactions for the synthesis of β-carboline-fused imidazolium derivatives via a Mannich-type reaction.
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of oxalamide derivatives as potent neuraminidase inhibitors
Authors: Zhang Xing Yong , Cheng Li Ping , Zhong Zhi Jian , Pang Wan , Song Xue
Published: June 2022

A series of novel oxalamide neuraminidase inhibitors were designed and synthesized according to structure-based virtual screening.
Novel Fe2.55Sb2alloy nanoparticles incorporated in N-doped carbon as a bifunctional oxygen electrocatalyst for rechargeable Zn–air batteries
Authors: Xie Xing , Sun Panpan , Liu Weitao , Gong Tao , Lv Xiaowei , Fang Liang , Wei Yongan , Sun Xiaohua
Published: June 2022

Novel Fe2.55Sb2alloy nanoparticles are incorporated in N-doped carbon as bifunctional oxygen electrocatalyst for rechargeable Zn-air battery.
A solvent-free strategy for the synthesis of MoP nanoparticle embedded, N, P co-doped carbon as a hydrogen evolution electrocatalyst
Authors: Xu Jing , Miao Sijia , Tang Duihai , Zhang Wenting , Xin Shigang , Zhao Zhen
Published: June 2022

MoP nanoparticle embedded, N, P co-doped carbon was synthesized via a solvent-free strategy. The obtained catalyst exhibits excellent performance for the hydrogen evolution reaction under both acidic and basic conditions.
Palladium-catalyzed stereoselective ring-opening reaction of aryl cyclopropyl ketones
Authors: Chen Yan-Zuo , Wang Neng , Hou Zong-Rui , Zhou Xian-Li , Li Xiaohuan , Gao Feng , Jiang Ting
Published: June 2022

The first palladium-catalyzed direct ring-opening of mono-substituted phenyl and heteroaryl cyclopropyl ketones to obtain α,β-unsaturated ketones is described. The reaction features high stereoselectivity to obtain (E)-1-phenylbut-2-en-1-one derivatives.
Expedient access to N-alkylphthalimides via redox-neutral photocatalysed Giese-type reactions
Authors: Jin Xiaoping , Zhang Li
Published: June 2022

The Gabriel phthalimide amine synthesis: using reductive radical-polar crossover as the strategy, redox-neutral photocatalytic Giese-type reactions of N-vinylphthalimides with radicals have been realized.
Photoinduced C–C bond cleavage for the synthesis of 2,4-disubstituted-1-naphthols from indenone derivatives and sulfoxonium ylide
Authors: Khorphueng Prapas , Tummatorn Jumreang , Patumanon Wacharakorn , Thongsornkleeb Charnsak , Chonradeenitchakul Sukit , Ruchirawat Somsak
Published: June 2022

Cyclopropane fused-indanones, generated in situ from indenones and trimethylsulfoxonium chloride, served as precursors under UV-LED (390 nm) irradiation to give 2,4-disubstituted-1-naphthols in up to 81% yield.
The UCST phase transition of a dextran based copolymer in aqueous media with tunable thermoresponsive behavior
Authors: Dey Shaon , Roy Arpita , Manna Kalipada , Pal Sagar
Published: June 2022

A hydrogen bonded UCST polymer has been developed by grafting of methacrylamide and acrylic acid on dextran via free radical polymerization.
K2S2O8-promoted rearrangement of nitrones for the synthesis of benzo[d]oxazoles
Authors: Yang Xueying , Guo Xin , Yuan Xinglong , Chen Baohua
Published: June 2022

An efficient route for the synthesis of valuable benzoxazoles has been developed through self-oxidative cyclization with N–O bond cleavage.
Online determination of sulfide using an optical immersion probe combined with headspace liquid-phase microextraction
Authors: Skok Arina , Vishnikin Andriy , Bazel Yaroslav
Published: June 2022

A new design for headspace liquid phase microextraction combined with an optical probe.
Echem methods and electrode types of the current in vivo electrochemical sensing
Authors: Song Qiuye , Li Qianmin , Yan Jiadong , Song Yonggui
Published: June 2022

For a long time, people have been eager to realize continuous real-time online monitoring of biological compounds. Fortunately, in vivo electrochemical biosensor technology has greatly promoted the development of biological compound detection.
Decolorization of dark-colored waste cotton fabric using redox decoloring agents
Authors: Li Ruojia , Yang Jianjun , Zhang Gangqiang , Zhu Ping
Published: June 2022

Decolorization of dark-colored waste cotton fabric using redox decoloring agents.
P4O10/TfOH mediated domino condensation–cyclization of amines with diacids: a route to indolizidine alkaloids under catalyst- and solvent-free conditions
Authors: Mandrekar Ketan S. , Tilve Santosh G.
Published: June 2022

A highly efficient and direct methodology for the construction of pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinoline, pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinoline, and 12b-H and 12b-OH isoindolo[2,1-a]isoquinolinone alkaloids from commercially available synthons is devised.
Synthesis and photophysical properties of N-alkyl dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyrrole based donor/acceptor-π-conjugated copolymers for solar-cell application
Authors: Trinh Cuc Kim , Nassar Gamal M. , Abdo Nabiha I. , Jung Suhyun , Kim Wonbin , Lee Kwanghee , Lee Jae-Suk
Published: June 2022

The relationships between the structure and the property of donor–acceptor copolymers based on dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyrrole as a strong donor unit and isoindigo or thiazole as acceptor units are successfully studied.
Aqueous lubrication and wear properties of nonionic bottle-brush polymers
Authors: Moon Hwi Hyun , Choi Eun Jung , Yun Sang Ho , Kim Youn Chul , Premkumar Thathan , Song Changsik
Published: June 2022

A nonionic bottle-brush polymer had better aqueous lubrication than the linear polymer, and the wear properties were improved by polymer combination.
Production of pentyl valerate from γ-valerolactone, pentanol and H2 using Pd and Rh-based bifunctional catalysts
Authors: Martínez Figueredo Karla G. , Virgilio Emanuel M. , Segobia Darío J. , Bertero Nicolás M.
Published: June 2022

Easily prepared SiO2–Al2O3-supported Rh and Pd-based catalysts exhibit high activity and selectivity in the pentyl valerate production in liquid phase from γ-valerolactone, pentanol and H2, reaching the highest reported productivity.
Facile synthesis of a nano titanium catalyst and its performance in selective oxidation of aromatic and pyridinic alcohols under visible light
Authors: Zheng Peng , Liu Jianguo , Zhang Xinghua , Chen Lungang , Ma Longlong , Zhang Qi
Published: June 2022

The oxidation of alcohols to the corresponding carbonyl compounds is of great significance in chemical synthesis and fine chemical production.
Deep neural network based quantum simulations and quasichemical theory for accurate modeling of molten salt thermodynamics
Authors: Shi Yu , Lam Stephen T. , Beck Thomas L.
Published: June 2022

Solvation thermodynamics in molten salt is accurately and efficiently predicted by combining ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations, deep neural network interatomic potentials (NNIP), and quasichemical theory (QCT).
Ambient synthesis of an iminium-linked covalent organic framework for synergetic RNA interference and metabolic therapy of fibrosarcoma
Authors: Zhou Le-Le , Guan Qun , Zhou Wei , Kan Jing-Lan , Dong Yu-Bin
Published: June 2022

An iminium-linked cationic covalent organic framework-based nanoagent that is synthesized under ambient conditions achieves synergistic RNA interference and metabolic therapy via effective siRNA delivery and timely lysosome escape.
Enhanced photostability of CsPbI2Br-based perovskite solar cells through suppression of phase segregation using a zwitterionic additive
Authors: Kuznetsov Mikhail K. , Emelianov Nikita A. , Korchagin Denis V. , Shilov Gennady V. , Aldoshin Sergey M. , Troshin Pavel A. , Frolova Lyubov A.
Published: June 2022

Photoinduced aging of a widely used perovskite light absorber such as CsPbI2Br can be suppressed significantly by usingd,l-asparagine as a stabilizing agent.
Predicting aggregate morphology of sequence-defined macromolecules with recurrent neural networks
Authors: Bhattacharya Debjyoti , Kleeblatt Devon C. , Statt Antonia , Reinhart Wesley F.
Published: June 2022

We use machine learning to characterize aggregates of a model copolymer and then predict the morphology of unseen monomer sequences. The high-throughput screening is successful in identifying sequences that self-assemble into the target structures.
A simple simulation-derived descriptor for the deposition of polymer-wrapped carbon nanotubes on functionalized substrates
Authors: Shen Zhizhang , Dwyer Jonathan H. , Sun Jian , Jinkins Katherine R. , Arnold Michael S. , Gopalan Padma , Van Lehn Reid C.
Published: June 2022

Analysis of solvent structure obtained from all-atom molecular dynamics simulations reveals a descriptor that predicts the experimental deposition of polymer-wrapped carbon nanotubes.
In situ imaging the dynamics of sodium metal deposition and stripping
Authors: Geng Lin , Zhao Chao , Yan Jitong , Fu Chengrui , Zhang Xuedong , Yao Jingming , Sun Haiming , Su Yong , Liu Qiunan , Zhang Liqiang , Tang Yongfu , Ding Feng , Huang Jianyu
Published: June 2022

In situ TEM is used to observe the dynamics of Na deposition and stripping in Na metal anode-based batteries, and the effects of Na and Li mass fluxes on this process are compared by density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
Enhanced water permeability in nanofiltration membranes using 3D accordion-like MXene particles with random orientation of 2D nanochannels
Authors: Xu Yanchao , Zhang Wentian , Li Zhiwen , Shen Liguo , Li Renjie , Zhang Meijia , Jiao Yang , Lin Hongjun , Tang Chuyang Y.
Published: June 2022

A random 2D nanochannel orientation in a polyamide membrane provides superior membrane permeability and selectivity to a horizontally aligned one.
A rational configuration for ultralong lifespan all-solid-state organic sodium-metal batteries
Authors: Lv Jing , Sun Huimin , Sun Zhaopeng , Ding Chaojian , Huang Weiwei
Published: June 2022

The all-solid-state organic sodium-metal batteries prepared with pillar[5]quinone (P5Q), 5 mol% NaClO4/SN PCE and a pretreated Na anode demonstrated exceptional electrochemical performances.
Carbohydrate based biomaterials for neural interface applications
Authors: Dhawan Vaishnavi , Cui Xinyan Tracy
Published: June 2022

Due to their specific bioactivities and hydrophilic properties, carbohydrates offer potential solutions for addressing some of the limitations of the existing biomolecular approaches for neural interfacing applications.
Waterproof surface passivation of K2GeF6:Mn4+ by a dense Al2O3 layer via atomic layer deposition
Authors: Zhao Yujie , Guan Qiaoqiao , Wang Hui , Li Ye , Lu Junling , Xie Rong-Jun
Published: June 2022

Enhanced water resistance of the K2GeF6:Mn4+ phosphor by a dense Al2O3 passivation layer via ALD.
Ubiquitin ligases at the nexus of plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses
Authors: Stone Sophia L.
Published: June 2022

Plants must cope with an ever-changing environment, including concurrent biotic and abiotic stresses. The ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) is intricately involved in regulating signaling events that facilitate cellular changes required to mitigate the detrimental effects of environmental stress. A key component of the UPS are ubiquitin ligases (or E3s) that catalyze the attachment of ubiquitin molecules to select substrate proteins, which are then recognized by the 26S proteasome for degradation. With the identification of substrate proteins, a growing number of E3s are shown to differentially regulate responses to abiotic as well as bioitic stresses. The review discusses select E3s to illustrate the role of ubiquitin ligases as negative and/or positive regulators of responses to both biotic and abiotic stresses.
Efficient dust radial drift around young intermediate-mass stars
Authors: Pinilla Paola , Garufi Antonio , Gárate Matías
Published: June 2022

The radial velocities and direct imaging observations of exoplanets have suggested that the frequency of giant planets may decrease for intermediate-mass stars (2.5 − 8 M⊙). The key mechanism that could hinder their formation remains unclear. From a theoretical point of view, planet formation around intermediate-mass stars may take place on longer timescales, which – coupled with fast migration and efficient photoevaporation – may prevent planetary formation in these environments. In this letter, we investigate the temporal evolution of the radial drift for dust particles in disks when stellar evolution is taken into account. We demonstrate that the particle drift velocity around intermediate-mass stars sharply increases after 1–2 Myr, potentially creating a difficult barrier to overcome in the first steps of planet formation. This high radial drift could explain the lack of disk detections around intermediate-mass stars older than 3–4 Myr, as opposed to low-mass stars (< 2.5 M⊙), where the drift may not be the most impactful factor for the disk evolution. Future high-resolution images of these disks can help us to explain why planets around intermediate-mass stars may be rare. In addition, we can explore whether the role of efficient dust radial drift does in fact hinder planet formation around intermediate-mass stars – or otherwise.
Spatial distribution of air bubbles created by an imping water jet into a free water surface
Authors: Bense Alexandre , Lizee Mathieu , Guillet Thibault , Gallot Guilhem
Published: June 2022

In this paper we study the rise to the surface, radial motion and disappearance of the bubbles created by a water jet pouring into a container, in particular their density at the surface as a function of the impact velocity. We first focus on their emergence radius at the surface which follows a log-normal distribution. Next, we establish experimentally a law relating the bubble velocity to the distance to the jet. We also investigate their disappearance, caused at low density mainly by explosion, and at high density predominantly by coalescence. Finally, we build an accurate model for the density of bubbles.
Optimality conditions and duality for multiobjective semi-infinite programming problems on Hadamard manifolds using generalized geodesic convexity
Authors: Upadhyay Balendu Bhooshan , Ghosh Arnav , Mishra Priyanka , Treanţă Savin
Published: June 2022

This paper deals with multiobjective semi-infinite programming problems on Hadamard manifolds. We establish the sufficient optimality criteria of the considered problem under generalized geodesic convexity assumptions. Moreover, we formulate the Mond-Weir and Wolfe type dual problems and derive the weak, strong and strict converse duality theorems relating the primal and dual problems under generalized geodesic convexity assumptions. Suitable examples have also been given to illustrate the significance of these results. The results presented in this paper extend and generalize the corresponding results in the literature.
Analysis of a discrete-time Markov process with a bounded continuous state space by the Fredholm integral equation of the second kind
Authors: Nakade Koichi , Karim Rubayet
Published: June 2022

A discrete-time Markov process with a bounded continuous state space is considered. We show that the equilibrium equations on steady-state probability and densities form Fredholm integral equations of the second kind. Then, under a sufficient condition that the transition densities from one state to another state inside the boundaries of the state space can be expressed in the same separate forms, the steady-state probability and density functions can be obtained explicitly. We use it to demonstrate an economic production quantity model with stochastic production time, derive the expressions of the steady-state probabilities and densities, and find the optimal maximum stock level. A sensitivity analysis of the optimal stock level is performed using production time and cost parameters. The optimal stock level decreases with respect to the holding cost and the production cost, whereas it increases with respect to the lost sale cost and the arrival rate.
Bounded-degree rooted tree and TDI-ness
Authors: Kerivin Herve L. M. , Zhao Jinhua
Published: June 2022

This paper contributes to the polyhedral aspect of the Maximum-Weight Bounded-Degree Rooted Tree Problem, where only edge-indexed variables are considered. An initial formulation is given, followed by an analysis of the dimension and a facial study for the polytope. Several families of new valid inequalities are proposed, which enables us to characterize the polytope on trees and cycles with a totally dual integral system.
Impacts of green and preservation technology investments on a sustainable EPQ model during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Barman Haripriya , Pervin Magfura , Roy Sankar Kumar
Published: June 2022

Carbon and Sulfur dioxides emissions are the key issues of global warming that affects on human health. Emissions cap- and -trade policy is a key mechanism implemented in several countries to reduce the emissions. Nowadays, public gathering is restricted due to the pandemic situation caused by COVID-19. As a result, people are facing huge problems in their regular activities and lifestyle. During the lockdown periods, demands for few merchandises decrease and the deterioration rate increases. Moreover, because of the unavailability of raw materials and labours during the lockdown, shortages occur at the manufacturing company. Keeping these problems in mind, a multi-objective sustainable economic production quantity model is proposed with partially back-ordering shortages, in which the effects of sustainability are investigated. To handle the demand fluctuation throughout the current pandemic, emergency level dependent demand rate is assumed. To reduce greenhouse gases emissions and deterioration rate, investments in green technology and preservation technology efforts are used. The objectives of this study are to maximize the manufacturer’s profit and minimize the greenhouse gases emissions for producing green products. The multi-objective model is solved by utilizing the fuzzy goal programming approach. The mathematical model is illustrated by four numerical examples. The main finding of the work is that under both green and preservation technologies investments, a sustainable model with partially back-ordering shortages and lockdown level dependent demand rate decreases justifiable greenhouse gases emissions and increases the product’s greening level. The results indicate that the system profit is increased by 16.1% by investing in both preservation and green technology. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis is performed along with some managerial insights for practitioners. Finally, the paper is ended with conclusions and future research tips.
Comparison of Clinical and Radiologic Outcomes between Dural Splitting and Duraplasty for Adult Patients with Chiari Type I Malformation
Authors: Özbek Muhammet Arif , Başak Ahmet Tulgar , Çakıcı Nazlı , Evran Sevket , Kayhan Ahmet , Saygı Tahsin , Baran Oguz
Published: June 2022

Background The most used surgical procedure in the treatment of patients with Chiari type I malformation (CIM) is posterior fossa decompression. However, no consensus has been reached regarding the superiority of either dural splitting or duraplasty. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare clinical and radiologic outcomes between the two techniques used in consecutive patients.

Methods We retrospectively reviewed 74 adult patients with CIM who were diagnosed and treated surgically between 2015 and 2020 at our neurosurgery department. The patients were divided into two groups: dural splitting in group 1 and duraplasty in group 2. Clinical outcomes based on Chicago Chiari Outcome Scale (CCOS) scores at the last control visits were compared between the groups. Radiologic outcomes were compared in terms of tonsillar regression rate based on 12-postoperative-month magnetic resonance images.

Results Overall improved, unchanged, and worsened neurologic statuses were observed in 75.6% (n = 56), 17.5% (n = 13), and 6.7% (n = 5) of our patients, respectively. The mean last visit CCOS scores in groups 1 and 2 were 12.3 ± 2.1 and 13.5 ± 1.7, respectively. The difference between the groups was statistically significant (p < 0.01). The mean tonsillar regression rates were 34.7 ± 17.0% and 52.1 ± 15.3% in groups 1 and 2, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001).

Conclusion Adult patients undergoing duraplasty had better clinical and radiologic outcomes than those treated with dural splitting. Therefore, we recommend decompression with duraplasty for adult CIM patients.
Stereocontrolled Synthesis of Some Novel Azaheterocyclic β-Amino Ester Stereoisomers with Multiple Stereogenic Centers
Authors: Kiss Loránd , Semghouli Anas , Remete Attila M. , Novák Tamás T.
Published: June 2022

The synthesis of some new functionalized azaheterocyclic β-amino esters with multiple stereocenters has been achieved from readily available unsaturated bicyclic β-amino acids by a stereocontrolled synthetic protocol involving N-allylation/propargylation, ring-opening metathesis, and selective ring closure with chemodifferentiation through ring-closing metathesis (RCM). The RCM transformation was investigated under various experimental conditions to analyze the scope of the catalyst, yield, conversion, and substrate effect. The structure of the starting (oxa)norbornene β-amino acids predetermined the structure of the new azaheterocyclic derivatives; the synthetic procedure proceeded with conservation of the configuration of the stereogenic centers.
Safety and Efficacy of Ustekinumab in the Treatment of Crohn Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Khorshid Mohammed Assem , Cordie Ahmed , Abd-Elsalam Sherief
Published: June 2022

Background and Aims The present systematic review and meta-analysis was designed to estimate the safety and effectiveness of ustekinumab in the treatment of Crohn disease (CD) in clinical trials and observational studies.

Methods We retrieved all the related publications from the PubMed, Cochrane, EBSCO, Google Scholar and EMBASE databases using a systematic search strategy. We only included clinical trials and observational studies that were published in English.

Results Only 31 studies that met the eligibility criteria out of the 733 identified studies were included. The overall clinical response rate in the cohort studies was of 0.539 (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 0.419–0.659), and in the clinical trials it was of 0.428 (95%CI: 0.356–0.501). The pooled clinical remission rate was of 0.399 (95%CI: 0.295–0.503) in randomized control trials (RCTs,) and of 0.440 (95%CI: 0.339–0.542) in cohort studies. The rate of adverse effects was of 0.158 (95%CI: 0.109–0.207) in cohort studies and of 0.690 (95%CI: 0.633–0.748) in RCTs.

Conclusion Ustekinumab is effective in the treatment of CD. However, more research is required on the safety profiles because there was considerable variation among the included studies.
Predictors of Recurrence of Peritoneal Carcinomatosis among Patients with Colorectal Cancer Following Cytoreductive Surgery alone versus Cytoreductive Surgery Plus HIPEC
Authors: Gareer Waheed Yousry , Mohamed Gamal Amira , Zedan Mohamed H. , Baradei Tarek Sherif Al , Abdalgeleel Shaimaa Abdalaleem , Khairallah Sherif Mohamed
Published: June 2022

Background Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) is a lethal regional progression in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Treatment with complete cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) achieves better local control than systemic palliative chemotherapy.

Objectives To assess the efficacy on the prognosis of CRS and HIPEC compared with CRS only and to identify possible clinicopathological factors associated with the recurrence of PC.

Methods The present retrospective study included all colorectal carcinoma cases with PC subjected to CRS with or without HIPC from January 2009 to June 2018 at the National Cancer Institute (NCI), Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. The outcome is evaluated in terms of recurrence-free survival (RFS) and its predictors.

Results Out of the 61 patients, 45 patients (73.8%) underwent CRS plus HIPEC, and 16 (26.2%) underwent CRS alone. The 1-year RFS was 55.7%, with a median of 12 months. The risk factors for recurrence identified in the univariate analysis were T4 primary tumor, high-grade, positive lymphovascular invasion (LVI), positive extracapsular nodal spread, and patients treated with CRS only, without HIPEC. In the multivariate analysis, the independent risk factors for recurrence were high grade and patients treated with CRS only.

Conclusion T4 primary tumor, high grade, positive LVI, and positive extracapsular nodal spread seemed to be important predictors of recurrence following the treatment of PC. Our study also demonstrated that the addition of HIPEC to CRS improved the RFS.
McKittrick-Wheelock Syndrome Secondary to Rectal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Martins Bruno Augusto Alves , Gomes Ana Clara Ramalho , Santos Maria Eduarda de Almeida , Moreira Natascha Mourão , Almeida Romulo Medeiros de , Sousa João Batista de
Published: June 2022

Introduction McKittrick-Wheelock syndrome is a rare condition that arises from a hypersecretory state secondary to large colorectal tumors, mainly villous adenomas, leading to an electrolytic disorder associated with chronic diarrhea that usually persists for years. It is a relatively unknown disease that can lead to severe complications such as acute kidney injury, severe hyponatremia, and hypokalemia. In fact, it causes death in most untreated cases. Surgical removal of the tumor is the most successful treatment, and symptoms tend to disappear after proper management.

Case Report A 62-year-old man with a 2-year history of mucoid diarrhea preceded by abdominal pain presented with acute kidney injury, hyponatremia, and hypokalemia. A digital rectal examination and sigmoidoscopy were performed, and revealed a large laterally-spreading tumor in the rectum. Further investigation showed a rectal tubulovillous adenoma with secondary McKittrick-Wheelock syndrome. An anterior resection of the rectum with a colonic J-pouch and a diverting ileostomy were performed, and the patient improved with the resolution of the renal failure and electrolyte disturbances. The histopathological analysis revealed an invasive rectal adenocarcinoma.

Discussion McKittrick-Wheelock syndrome is a condition with a low incidence that needs early intervention and proper diagnosis. It is of extreme importance that this disease is included in the differential diagnoses for chronic diarrhea associated with an electrolytic disorder.
New Use of an Absorbable Adhesion Barrier (INTERCEED) for Temporary Diverting Ileostomy in Minimally Invasive Rectal Surgery
Authors: Nagasaki Toshiya , Akiyoshi Takashi , Mukai Toshiki , Hiyoshi Yukiharu , Yamaguchi Tomohiro , Fukunaga Yosuke
Published: June 2022

Objectives Sometimes, severe adhesion occurs between the rectus abdominis muscle and the ileal intestinal limbs after temporary diverting ileostomy. This can make ileostomy reversal difficult. The aim of the present study is to assess whether absorbable adhesion barrier made of oxidized regenerated cellulose (INTERCEED) could contribute to improved surgical outcomes in stoma reversal.

Methods This was a single-institutional retrospective study. A total of 36 consecutive patients who underwent ileostomy reversal by a single surgeon were retrospectively reviewed. INTERCEED was inserted between the ileal limbs and the rectus abdominis muscle at the time of ileostomy creation in 12 patients. Surgical outcomes of the ileostomy reversal were compared between patients treated with and without INTERCEED.

Results The degree of adhesion formation between the ileal limbs and the rectus abdominis muscles, operating time, and estimated blood loss were significantly reduced in patients treated with INTERCEED compared with those treated by the conventional approach. None of the patients in the INTERCEED group had postoperative complications after the initial surgery and ileostomy reversal.

Conclusions INTERCEED is suitable for insertion between the ileal limbs and the rectus abdominis muscles because of its softness and flexibility. The use of INTERCEED for diverting ileostomy contributes to reduced adhesion formation, operative time, and blood loss in patients, and further research is needed to confirm our results.
Tailgut Cyst – A Case Report
Authors: Scolaro Bruno Lorenzo , Pereira Gustavo Becker , Ferrari Fangio , Dall'Agnol Letícia , Arias Lívia de Aragon , Souza Neto Anisio de
Published: June 2022

Retrorectal hamartoma, also called tailgut cyst, is a congenital lesion resulting from the non-regression of embryo remnants of the hindgut. We describe in this work the case report of a 68-year-old man, previously healthy, complaining of rectal bulging for 4 months, which was diagnosed by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging as a multiloculated and mucinous lesion, suggestive of tailgut cyst. In view of the finding, the lesion was surgically resected, due to the potential for future complications, and, through the anatomopathological analysis, there were no findings of malignancy in the specimen.
Giant Colonic Diverticulitis, an Extremely Rare Presentation of a Rare Disease — Clinical Presentation and Literature Review
Authors: Bekhor Eliahu Y. , Orgad Ran , Shmilovitch Hila , Ayalon Rotem , Kaminsky Oleg
Published: June 2022

Introduction Giant colonic diverticulum (GCD) is rare phenomenon, with less than 200 cases described in the literature. One of the complications of GCD is diverticulitis. To date, there is paucity of data addressing the diagnosis and management of GCD complicated by acute diverticulitis.

Objective To better understand the diagnostic tools, the initial management, and the long-term follow-up for this group of patients as well as to recommend a proper multidisciplinary approach to this infrequent disease.

Method A systematic literature search was performed using the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases to identify all the published studies on GCD complicated by diverticulitis. Two of the authors assessed the relevance of the included full-text papers. The articles were assessed independently.

Results In total, 12 cases were identified. Our results show that 10/11 (91%) of the patients who had computed tomography (CT) scans during the initial evaluation had a correct diagnosis. There was no case of failure to non-operative approach (7/7). The patients who had an emergency operation were treated so due to diffuse peritonitis (two patients), acute hemorrhage arising from ulcers within the diverticula (one patient), and misdiagnosis (one patient).

Conclusion Giant colonic diverticulitis is a very rare disease. Computed tomography scan is a valuable tool for the initial diagnosis as well as for treatment strategy planning. Non-operative management is a viable option for patients without diffuse peritonitis. Interval endoscopy is recommended if no contraindication exists.
Vulnerable Carotid Artery Plaques in Asymptomatic Patients—A Narrative Review
Authors: Rehman Zia Ur
Published: June 2022

Over the last two decades, medical management of carotid artery patients has improved significantly. Most patients remain stable on best medical therapy (BMT), making interventions unnecessary in all patients. “Selective” intervention is advocated for only those few patients who are having vulnerable or unstable carotid artery plaques. Literature search was done to explore current concept and role of available investigations to identify vulnerable carotid plaques. Vulnerable plaque is defined as those plaques having active inflammation, high large necrotic lipid content, neovascularity, thin capsule, surface irregularity, or intraplaque hemorrhage. Ultrasound (US) is the simple, noninvasive, cost-effective investigation to differentiate soft (echolucent) from fibrocalcified (echogenic) plaques. It can also comment on other high-risk plaque features such as plaque volume and area. Contrast-enhanced US can visualize neovascularization and plaque surface irregularities better than conventional US. Computed tomography is limited in identifying most high-risk plaque features and is not useful. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging is the most accurate and externally validated investigation to characterize most high-risk plaque components. Positron emission tomography has emerged as the most promising dynamic investigation to identify and quantify inflammatory plaques and will be clinically very useful in decision making.
Comment on “Communication: Is directed percolation in colloid–polymer mixtures linked to dynamic arrest?” [J. Chem. Phys. 148, 241101 (2018)]
Authors: Schmiedeberg Michael
Published: June 2022

In their Communication [J. Chem. Phys. 148, 241101 (2018)], Richard et al. state that in the work of Kohl et al. [Nat. Commun. 7, 11817 (2016)], a mechanism for dynamical arrest in temporal networks has been proposed that actually has never been proposed (and would be obviously wrong) in this context. The actual findings of Kohl et al. are not tested nor affected by the communication. The work of Richard et al. rests on simulations in a regime of the phase diagram that significantly differs from the one that Kohl et al. consider. In this Comment, it is shown that both the effective density and the rescaled second virial coefficient indicate that the comparison presented by Richard et al. is invalid. Therefore, the implications that are based on this comparison are incorrect. There is no indication for a disagreement between the simulations of Richard et al. and those of Kohl et al., and I am confident that upon consistent comparison and interpretation of the results, both works can contribute to a more comprehensive picture of gel-forming systems.
Phase field simulation of the instability and splitting processes of elliptical inclusions in interconnects due to anisotropic interface diffusion under electric and stress fields
Authors: Zhou Linyong , Huang Peizhen
Published: June 2022

Electromigration and stress migration induced failure of thin-film metal interconnects is one of the most challenging material reliability issues for microelectronic circuits toward ultra-large-scale integrated circuits. Based on the theory of anisotropic interface diffusion, a modified Cahn–Hilliard phase field model is established to elucidate the instability and splitting processes of elliptical inclusions under the multi-physics field. The reliability of the model is verified by comparing numerical and theoretical solutions for the evolution of circular inclusions under electric and stress fields, respectively. The numerical results elaborate on the role of the conductivity ratio, the elastic modulus ratio, the aspect ratio, the electric field, the stress field, the linewidth, and the anisotropic interface diffusion mobility on morphological evolution using an adaptive mesh finite element method. The numerical results show that the larger the electric and stress fields, the greater the aspect ratio larger than 1 or smaller than 1, and the more easily the elliptical inclusions split into several small inclusions or get destabilized. The smaller the linewidth, the easier it is for the inclusions to migrate toward the edge of the line, severely reducing the conductivity of the line. Under anisotropic interface diffusion, lower misorientations favor a steady-state, whereas higher values render the inclusion unstable, splitting, or bifurcating into more small ones. Moreover, the splitting time of the elliptical inclusion decreases with an increase in the electric field, the stress field, and the misorientations, then increases, and subsequently decreases with an increase in the aspect ratio.
Isotype-specific plasma cells express divergent transcriptional programs
Authors: Higgins Brett W. , Shuparski Andrew G. , Miller Karen B. , Robinson Amanda M. , McHeyzer-Williams Louise J. , McHeyzer-Williams Michael G.
Published: June 2022

Antibodies are produced across multiple isotypes with distinct properties that coordinate initial antigen clearance and confer long-term antigen-specific immune protection. Here, we interrogate the molecular programs of isotype-specific murine plasma cells (PC) following helper T cell-dependent immunization and within established steady-state immunity. We developed a single-cell–indexed and targeted molecular strategy to dissect conserved and divergent components of the rapid effector phase of antigen-specific IgM
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versus inflammation-modulating programs dictated by type 1 IgG2a/b
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PC differentiation. During antibody affinity maturation, the germinal center (GC) cycle imparts separable programs for post-GC type 2 inhibitory IgG1
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and type 1 inflammatory IgG2a/b
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PC to direct long-term cellular function. In the steady state, two subsets of IgM
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and separate IgG2b
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PC programs clearly segregate from splenic type 3 IgA
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PC programs that emphasize mucosal barrier protection. These diverse isotype-specific molecular pathways of PC differentiation control complementary modules of antigen clearance and immune protection that could be selectively targeted for immunotherapeutic applications and vaccine design.
A cognitive approach to metaphor translation in business texts
Authors: Shehab Ekrema Mohammad , Daragmeh Abdelkarim Tawfiq , Qadan Abdul-Rahman Saleh , Nazzal Reema Essam
Published: June 2022

A metaphor is normally deployed for specific rhetorical and aesthetic functions. However, in the commercial context, metaphor usage displays specific communicative functions as exhibited in the English business texts we sampled for this study. We examine the translation of business metaphor from English into Arabic with a special focus on the game/sports source domain. The authors collected a sample of metaphors from business articles which appear on the BBC, CNN, and Project Syndicate online websites. We use the collected business metaphors to determine the contextual functions as well as the significance and roles each metaphor plays in its context. We adopt the cognitive approach to metaphor analysis in order to identify the level of conceptual systems in the source and target metaphorical references. We have found out that the generic metaphorical instances are translated using the formal translation method while the more business context specific metaphors are simplified, paraphrased, or explicated.
Modelling the relationship between load and repetitions to failure in resistance training: A Bayesian analysis
Authors: Mitter Benedikt , Zhang Lei , Bauer Pascal , Baca Arnold , Tschan Harald
Published: June 2022

To identify the relationship between load and the number of repetitions performed to momentary failure in the pin press exercise, the present study compared different statistical model types and structures using a Bayesian approach. Thirty resistance‐trained men and women were tested on two separate occasions. During the first visit, participants underwent assessment of their one‐repetition maximum (1‐RM) in the pin press exercise. On the second visit, they performed sets to momentary failure at 90%, 80% and 70% of their 1‐RM in a fixed order during a single session. The relationship between relative load and repetitions performed to failure was fitted using linear regression, exponential regression and the critical load model. Each model was fitted according to the Bayesian framework in two ways: using an across‐subjects pooled data structure and using a multilevel structure. Models were compared based on the variance explained (R2) and leave‐one‐out cross‐validation information criterion (LOOIC). Multilevel models, which incorporate higher‐level commonalities into individual relationships, demonstrated a substantially better fit (R2: 0.97–0.98) and better predictive accuracy compared to generalised pooled‐data models (R2: 0.89–0.93). The multilevel 2‐parameter exponential regression emerged as the best representation of data in terms of model fit, predictive accuracy and model simplicity. The relationship between load and repetitions performed to failure follows an individually expressed exponential trend in the pin press exercise. To accurately predict the load that is associated with a certain repetition maximum, the relationship should therefore be modelled on a subject‐specific level.
Excitation of semiconductor nanosystems by a few-photon frequency-multimode optical field
Authors: Tereshchenko I A , Tikhonova O V
Published: June 2022

The excitation of a semiconductor quantum nanosystem induced by a frequency-multimode nonclassical electromagnetic field is analytically investigated. The possibility to control the features and dynamics of different excitation channels by varying the weights and initial energy distribution in the considered field spectral modes is demonstrated. Strong coupling between different frequency modes is found to arise due to their interaction with electronic subsystem and is shown to influence dramatically on the excitation. The peculiarities of the excitation process induced by a multi-frequency Schmidt mode, which characterizes spectral distribution of squeezed vacuum light, are revealed. The optimal spectral profile of the Schmidt mode and initial energy distribution of different field spectral components providing the most efficient excitation of a nanosystem are found.
Electron emission from the focus of the Gaussian pulse
Authors: Borovskiy A V , Galkin A L
Published: June 2022

For a symmetric trajectory of an electron in the field of a Gaussian pulse, the parameters of radiation from a section in the vicinity of the focus are studied. It is shown that the modulus of velocity and modulus of acceleration are quasi-periodic, their maxima are separated in time. The radiation of an electron in the form of plane waves in the far zone is analyzed, and the intensity distribution over the solid angle is obtained. The radiation directivity diagrams are constructed, and the time profile of the radiation power is obtained. The difference from the dipole approximation is discussed. We consider the radiation of an electron that appears in the vicinity of the focus as a result of ionization.