bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O ensino de cinema diante das novas possibilidades interativas, imersivas e instalativas da arte, da memória e do liveness contemporâneos
Authors: Filho Wilson Oliveira
Published: October 2016

Esse trabalho pretende chamar a atenção para o ensino de cursos envolvendo o audiovisual, tendo em vista uma nova configuração midiática que torna mais árduo o trabalho com vídeos e novos dispositivos em um contexto educacional. Novos ambientes geram novas experiências e práticas que aqueles que lidam com o ensino e a pesquisa do audiovisual não podem esquecer, quando experiências como o live cinema se adensam. Em suma, interrogamo-nos sobre como a interatividade, a imersão e as instalações multimídia podem de certa forma ampliar as possibilidades em salas de aula. Tentamos refletir sobre perspectivas, dialogando com novos possíveis da arte para o ensino que não excluam interações com os gadgets e demais dispositivos dos alunos.
Nem centro, nem periferia: sociabilidade, cultura e mundos sonoros em bairros populares em Salvador
Authors: Lühning Angela
Published: October 2016

Esse artigo aborda as complexas relações entre espaços urbanos socialmente estigmatizados – bairros populares em Salvador –, as redes de sociabilidade de seus moradores, o papel de suas expressões culturais/ musicais e as suas possíveis contribuições para a sociedade brasileira. O ponto de partida é a análise dos conceitos relativos a esses espaços e seus congêneres – no Rio de Janeiro chamados de favelas –, para entender o seu lugar na sociedade brasileira, em busca de uma desconstrução de preconceitos e estigmas a partir do próprio lócus: os bairros populares. Estes são apresentados através de uma densa etnografia etnomusicológica, baseada em anos de observação e vivência da autora em um desses bairros em Salvador com ênfase no universo sonoro/ musical e sua percepção pelos próprios moradores, majoritariamente afro-descendentes. Entre as conclusões ressalta-se a importância do espaço público e a convivência de estilos musicais de forma inter- e intrageracional nestes bairros que se tornaram usinas de criatividade musical, a partir de uma de suas maiores características: estar em processo de constante movimento. Assim os bairros populares/ favelas contribuem para uma possível e necessária reinvenção das cidades brasileiras, também através de suas músicas.
O apoio pedagógico aos estudantes de graduação discutido à luz dos estudos de letramento acadêmico e gêneros do discurso
Authors: Borges Junior Carlos
Published: October 2016

Este artigo faz uma reflexão sobre como o processo de apoio pedagógico aos estudantes de graduação pode ser trabalhado com base na abordagem dos letramentos acadêmicos (STREET, 2014) e dos gêneros do discurso (BAKHTIN, 2011). Esta discussão apresenta o relato particular do autor deste artigo, acerca das atividades de ensino nas aulas de Leitura e Produção Textual desenvolvidas no Programa Institucional de Apoio Pedagógico aos Estudantes de Graduação – PIAPE, da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, UFSC. O estudo é o resultado do trabalho de tutoria realizado durante o segundo semestre de 2013 (de ago. a dez.) e ao longo de 2014 (maio a dez.). O estudo objetiva refletir como as discussões sobre letramento acadêmico e gêneros do discurso podem corroborar nas atividades de Leitura e Produção Textual desenvolvidas no apoio pedagógico. A metodologia está condicionada a essa reflexão crítico-teórica acerca das atividades.
O trabalho docente no atendimento educacional especializado: a apreensão das representações sociais
Authors: Gonçalves Arlete Marinho
Published: October 2016

O Estudo tem como objetivo apreender as representações sociais de professores sobre o trabalho docente dos que atuam na educação especial. O estudo se fundamentou na Teoria das Representações Sociais de abordagem Estrutural. Os dados foram produzidos com 32 docentes. Utilizou-se o questionário e a técnica de associação livre. Para o tratamento dos dados foi utilizado o software EVOC 2002. O Núcleo Central evidenciou as “relações de afeto” e “comprometimento docente”, ancorados nas evocações “paciência, compreensão e responsabilidade”. Conclui-se que os docentes que trabalham no atendimento do público alvo da educação especial tem como principio a relação de compromisso e responsabilidade voltada para o respeito ao diferente e ao seu tempo de aprender.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Atendimento Educacional Especializado. Teoria das Representações Sociais. Trabalho Docente.
An outbreak of sheep pox in an organized farm of Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Manimaran K. , Mahaprabhu R. , Jaisree S. , Hemalatha S. , Ravimurugan1 T. , Pazhanivel2 N. , Roy* Parimal
Published: October 2016

Outbreak of sheep pox was noticed in flocks of Khilakaraisal in an organized government farm of Tirunelveli district during 2013. Mortality and morbidity rates were 4.17% and 80.00%, respectively. Both the sexes of sheep between 6 months to 2 years old were affected. DNA extracted from the scab specimens (n=5) were amplified using Capri pox specific p32 gene primers and yielded 192 bp product. In order to differentiate between sheep pox and goat pox PCR – RFLP was carried out. Digestion of PCR product with EcoRI enzyme yielded two fragments with a size of 123 bp and 63 bp which confirmed the presence of sheep pox virus. Histopathological examination of tissues revealed extensive hydropic degeneration of proliferating epidermal cells with presence of large number of intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusion bodies in the keratinocytes of epidermal cells in skin. Lung revealed large infiltration of lymphocytes and macrophages with presence of intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusions in the macrophages, proliferation of type II pneumocytes were prominent along with bronchiolar epithelial hyperplasia. The outbreak was controlled by effective preventive measures like vaccination of healthy animals, affected animals were treated with a course of antibiotic for 7 days, contaminated areas were disinfected and restricted the movement of animals from unaffected areas to infected areas.
Polymorphism of the exon 3 of leptin gene in Malpura sheep
Authors: Meena* A.S. , Bhatt R.S. , Sahoo A. , Kumar S.
Published: October 2016

Leptin (LEP) is primarily expressed in the adipose tissues. It regulates the feed intake, energy metabolism and body composition and plays a crucial role in regulating body weight and growth in mammals. The aim of the present study was to find out an allelic variation in leptin gene of Malpura sheep. A total of 112 Malpura sheep were selected and the genomic DNA was isolated by phenol-chloroform extraction method. PCR was carried out in order to amplify the 471 bp fragment of the exon 3 coding sequence of the leptin gene. The genotyping was done by PCR-RFLP technique. PCR products were digested with three (BcnI, SsiI and OliI) restriction enzymes. For detection of allelic variants, three non-synonymous SNPs were found in Malpura sheep. The A271G and A316C loci were found mono-morphic, while T387G locus was found polymorphic. Two genetic variants (G and T) and three genotypes (GG, GT and TT) were found in Malpura sheep. The allelic frequency of G and T allele at T387G locus was found 0.82 and 0.18, respectively.
Morphometrics and length-weight relationship of Schizothorax curvifrons Heckel 1838 in River Jhelum, Kashmir, India
Authors: Qadri Sauliheen , Shah* Tasaduq H. , Balkhi M. H. , Bhat Bilal A. , Bhat F. A. , Najar A. M. , Asmi Oyas A. , Farooq Iram , Alia Syed
Published: October 2016

Schizothorax curvifrons, an indigenous cyprinid fish of Kashmir, forms an important coldwater fishery resource of the valley. This study was aimed to describe the morphometrics and length-weight relationship of S. curvifrons in River Jhelum Kashmir. The various morphometric characters showed high co-efficient of correlation (r) values, indicating that the characters were highly correlated to each other. The length-weight relationship was established logarithmically as Log W = -3.9323 + 2.5863 Log L (r2=0.746) for males, Log W = -4.1708 + 2.6852 (r2=0.745) Log L for females and Log W = -3.9975 + 2.6138 Log L (r2=0.746) for pooled data. The b value (2.6138) was found to be significantly different from 3 indicating negative allometric growth.
In vitro nutritional evaluation and methane production of deoiled ajwain meal as a potential ruminant feed ingredient
Authors: Gautam Mayank , Sehgal J.P. , Mohini Madhu , Gupta Ritika , Varun Tarun Kumar , Sarkar Srobana
Published: October 2016

The present study was undertaken to evaluate deoiled ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi) meal (DOAM) for its in vitro nutritional evaluation and methane mitigation potential. For this purpose, a concentrate mixture based on maize and soybean meal as a major feed ingredient was formulated and designated as control ‘C’. The concentrate mixture was reformulated using 5, 10, 15 and 20 parts (kg/100kg) of DOAM for experimental groups i.e. T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively and made iso-nitrogenous by addition of urea. The values of DM, CP, EE, CF, TA, NFE, NDICP and ADICP (%) in DOAM were 88.41, 14.57, 2.65, 16.35, 12.75, 53.68, 51.86 and 17.35, respectively. Dry matter degradability and digestibility of T1 and T2 were comparable with those of control whereas significant (P less than 0.05) depression was observed when 15% (T3) and 20% (T4) of DOAM was incorporated. Addition of 10% DOAM in the concentrate mixture caused significant (P less than 0.05) decrease of methane production from 46.65 mg/g DM (control) to 39.70 ml/gm DM. It can be concluded from the present study that addition of 10% deoiled ajwain meal (DOAM) in the concentrate in concentrate mixture resulted in lower methane production and has no adverse effect on DM, OM and CP digestibility.
Characterization and anti-fungal susceptibility pattern of dermatophytes isolated from dogs, cats and pet owners in and around Kolkata, India
Authors: Murmu S. , Debnath C. , Pramanik A.K. , Mitra T. , Jana S. , Banerjee S. , Isore D.P. , Batabyal* K.
Published: October 2016

Pet animals mostly suffer from dermatophytic infections and these animals can easily transmit the infection to their handlers or pet owners. Study of 362 clinically suspected cases of dermatophytic infections collected mainly from dogs (n=123), cats (n=202) and few pet owners (n=37) in and around Kolkata, was conducted to detect a total of 285 (78.7%) samples to be positive for significant dermatophytic fungal infections, with cats to be the highest in prevalence (55.4%) followed by dogs (37.9%) and human beings (6.7%) respectively. Microsporum canis (60.0%) was the most prevalent pathogen in comparison to M. gypseum (22.5%), Trychophyton mentagrophytes (15.8%) and T. rubrum (1.7%) affecting dogs, cats and human beings. T. rubrum was detected only from human cases in this study. Male dogs (58.3%), cats (51.3%) and human patients (78.9%) were mostly infected than the female ones. The anti-fungal susceptibility pattern of these isolates revealed lower MIC50 values of 0.06-0.125µg/ml for Ketoconazole, Itraconazole, Miconazole, and Amphotericin-B but not for Fluconazole (8-16µg/ml). The MIC90 values of these antifungal agents were as low as 0.03µg/ml for all drugs except Fluconazole (32µg/ml).
Phenotypic characterization of Purky sheep population of Kargil district
Authors: Khan K. Mehdi , Kumar N. , Chakraborty D. , Faried Isfaq , Sharma Rajan , Bhatt S. N. , Kumar D. , Taggar R. K.
Published: October 2016

Majority of the Kargil sheep populations are indigenous. Very scanty information is available for morphological characterization of Purky sheep population. Therefore, the present study was undertaken with the objectives to study the morpho-metric characteristics and body measurements for phenotypic characterization of the local sheep. A stratified random sample survey was conducted on various parameters (horn size, tail size, chest girth, punch girth, body length, height at wither and body weight) in seven different age groups. Data were collected randomly from 510 sheep of either sex. The local sheep population of Kargil which was selected for the present investigation is named as ‘Purky’ by the name of the community that reared this breed. In Purky sheep white body colour was predominant in both the sexes. The sheep breed was of low to medium body weight. The chest girth, punch girth, height at withers of Purky sheep showed it to be medium sized. Sex had significant effect (P less than 0.05) on height at wither only. For males the least squares means were higher for all the traits of all age groups baring few exceptions. The phenotypic correlations of age groups with different morpho-metric traits were very high. The phenotypic correlations of body weight with other body measurements like tail size, chest girth, paunch girth, body length and height at wither were very high. Further studies should be carried out to fully exploit their genetic potential and to register the breed and in-situ conservation of this population.
Hae III locus at Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class II region hints duplicated DQA genes in Indian mithun (Bos frontalis)
Authors: Gonge D.S. , Niranjan S.K. , Mishra S.K. , Singh R.K. , Kumar S. , Kataria R.S.
Published: October 2016

In bovines, duplication of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II DQ genes increase the advantage of high genetic polymorphism in the region multifold to produce better immune response and population fitness. In this study, the DQA gene duplication was explored at MHC class II locus in mithun (Bos frontalis, Bofr), a unique bovine of North-East region of India. A 776 nucleotide long genomic region encompassing hyper-variable exon 2 of Bofr-DQA was amplified in 79 mithuns and digested with Hae III restriction enzyme for PCR-RFLP analysis. The analysis revealed some of the restriction patterns, which were carrying the total fragment size of the alleles aggregating more than a heterozygous condition. Colony PCR-RFLP of clones of mithun DQA by Hinf I enzyme revealed a total of three DQA alleles in single PCR product. The RFLP of direct PCR and clone (colony) PCR products indicated the amplification of three DQA alleles at a time, suggesting duplication of the DQA locus in mithun. Further, the RFLP based typing of mithun DQA locus revealed the presence of five different DQA1 and DQA2 alleles in different combinations during duplication in mithun population. The duplication of DQA, carrying both DQA1 and DQA2 alleles gene was found to be present in nearly half of the mithun population. In mithun, similar to other bovines, DQA gene duplication may have much importance in creating more and diversified MHC class II molecules, thus conferring an advantage to bind with a more number of pathogenic antigens.
Performance of broilers fed with different levels of sunflower meal supplemented with or without enzymes
Authors: Ozturk* Ergin
Published: October 2016

In this study, it was aimed to determine the performances and some carcass and small intestine properties of broiler chickens fed diets in which sunflower meal (SFM) replaced soybean meal (SBM) and supplemented or not with multi-enzyme. With this aim, a total of 450 1-day-old age mixed-sex Ross 308 broiler chicks were used in a completely randomized design, with five treatments and three replicates of thirty birds each. The experimental diets consisted of a control group and two levels of SFM with or without enzyme replacing 50 or 100% of SBM protein, respectively. Hence, treatment groups were: control (100SBM), 50SFM, 100SFM, 50SFME, and 100SFME). Feed and fresh water was given freely. At the end of the experiment (42 days of age), 100SBM broilers had higher body weight and cold carcass weight than all other groups (P less than 0.05) and had lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to 50SFME broilers (P less than 0.05). Feed consumption, weights of hearth, liver, gizzard, abdominal fat and small intestine and length of small intestine were not found different among the groups (P greater than 0.05). Our observations demostrated that addition of the 0.05% multi-enzyme mixture into SFM diets of broiler chickens had not positive impact on the availability of SFM and broiler performance.
Effect of supplementation of lutein and DL-methionine on certain haemato-biochemical parameters and serum concentration of corticosterone in captive Golden pheasants (Chrysolophus pictus)
Authors: Yogi R.K. , Das A. , Kullu S.S. , Saini M. , Garg A.K. , Sharma A.K.
Published: October 2016

Twenty four male golden pheasants were divided into 4 groups of 6 each. First group basal diet contained no supplementary lutein or DL-methionine (M0C0). The diet of the birds in group M0C1 were supplemented with lutein (40 mg/kg DM) without supplementary DL methionine, whereas those in group M1C0 were supplemented only with DL-methionine (1.5g/ kg DM). Birds in group M1C1 were fed both the supplements. A feeding trial of 60 days duration was conducted. Heterophill counts was significantly lower (P less than 0.001) in groups M0C1 and M1C1 as compared to group M0C0 and M1C0 and lymphocyte count was higher (P less than 0.05) in lutein supplemented group as compared to non-lutein supplemented groups. The ratio of H: L was significantly higher (P less than 0.001) in lutein supplemented groups. Other haematological and serum biochemical parameters were not significantly different among the groups. Serum concentrations of corticosterone were lower (P less than 0.001) in groups M0C1 and M1C1 as compared to groups M0C0 and M1C0. It was concluded that supplementation of lutein (40mg/kg DM) but not DL- methionine (0.15% DM) improved the capability of the Golden pheasant to combat stress.
Analysis of the polymorphism of expressed sequence tag-Simple sequence repeat in quail
Authors: Bai* Jun Yan , Pang You Zhi , Qi Yan Xia , Zhang Xiao Hui , Yun Yin Xian
Published: October 2016

Aiming at accelerating the application of molecular markers in the genetic improvement of quails, six EST-SSR markers were successfully developed using a bioinformatics method. Polymorphisms of three quail populations (Chinese yellow, China black and Korean quail) were detected. The results showed that there were 2-6 alleles in six EST-SSR markers. The mean polymorphism information contents of Chinese yellow , China blackand Korean quail were 0.5451, 0.4962 and 0.4937, respectively. The average heterozygosity values were 0.6134, 0.5759 and 0.5613. Among the six EST-SSR markers, three were highly polymorphicand the others were moderately polymorphic. The newly-developed six EST-SSR markers may be used to determine the genetic diversity of quails. The six EST-SSR markers identified were related to carbohydrate metabolism and melanin synthesis, but the specific mechanisms need to be further analyzed.
Sire evaluation using animal model versus differentconventional methods in red sindhi cattle
Authors: Mallick P. K. , Ghosh A. K. , Rajendiran A. S.
Published: October 2016

The effectiveness of sire evaluation is the backbone of any breed improvement programme as much as 61% of genetic gain in dairy cattle results from selection of sires through “bulls to breed cows” and “bulls to breed bulls” path. The application of latest and simplex method of sire evaluation like BLUPF90 in Indian breeds is scanty. The present investigation was planned to evaluate the Red Sindhi sires by this method and to compare the effectiveness of BLUPF90 method with other conventional methods of sire evaluation in Red Sindhi cattle. The records of production and reproduction performances of first lactation traits of 717 Red Sindhi cows, progeny of 58 sires, spread over a period of 40 years (1966-2005) from CCBF, Chiplima, Orissa under the control of Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India and CBF, Kalsi, Deheradun, Uttarakhand were analyzed. The present study was single and multi-trait evaluation of breeding values of Red Sindhi sires. The overall least squares population mean for first lactation milk yield (FLMY) was 1536.35±54.87 kg. The average breeding value of sires of single trait from different methods ranged from 1536.35 kg (LSM, DFREML and BLUPF90-Dairy Pack) to 1588.50 kg (simple daughter average) but in multi-trait method the breeding value does not vary with each other. The comparison of different method of sire evaluation based on single trait for FLMY only shows that the DFREML model for single trait should be preferred over the BLUP, LSM and simple daughter average methods for evaluating the sire breeding value. However, if a sire-breeding value is to be computed from multi traits then BLUPF90 model may be preferred over DFREML model.
The ontogenic expressions of BMP and IGF genes in golden pompano Trachinotus ovatus (Linnaeus 1758) larvae
Authors: Yang Qibin , Wen Weigen , Ma Zhenhua , Jiang Shigui , Qin Jian G.
Published: October 2016

The gene expressions of BMP1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 10, IGF1 and 2 were detected and quantified in Trachinotus ovatus larvae from 0 day post hatching (DPH) to 18 DPH. The expression of BMPs and IGFs was detected and quantified on 0 DPH at low levels. At first feeding, the expression of BMP1, 2, 4, 5 and 10 sharply increased and reached the peak levels on 3 DPH, while the expression of BMP7 reached the peak level on 5 DPH. On 18 DPH, the expression levels of BMP4 and BMP5 were similar to the levels of fish larvae at hatching, while the expression levels of BMP1, 2, 7, and 10 remained at higher level than their hatching expression levels. Starting from 0 DPH, the expression level of IGF1 increased with the increasing of fish age. In contrast, the expression level of IGF2 reached peak on 3 DPH, and then decreased. Results of the present study provide the first reference on the BMPs and IGFs expressions of golden pompano larvae during the ontogenetic development. Such information can improve our understanding on the bone formation in golden pompano, and provide background knowledge to the study of skeleton malformation in fish larvae.
Development of a method for the extraction and analysis of grape skin proteins strongly bound to cell walls
Authors: Pasquier Grégory , Lapaillerie Delphine , Dupuy Jean-William , Lomenech Anne-Marie , Claverol Stéphane , Bonneu Marc , Geny Laurence , Teissedre Pierre-Louis , Donèche Bernard
Published: October 2016

Aim: To better understand the protein composition of grape skin cell walls, we have developed a method to analyse the strongly bound cell wall proteins.

Methods and results: The protocol was developed with grape skins at full maturity. The critical steps of this protocol were : (i) the elimination of cellular aggregates, (ii) the elimination of soluble proteins, and (iii) the localization of the identified proteins within the cell wall. To verify whether these three conditions were met, the decrease in the quantity of cellular aggregates was followed by optical microscopy, the removal of soluble proteins was measured by chemical assay, and the presence of proteins located in cell walls was demonstrated by extensive bioinformatic analysis. The process made it possible to obtain a four-fold reduction in the amount of cellular aggregates, a reduction in the concentration of soluble proteins below the method detection limit, and a high proportion of proteins predicted to be secreted (79 %).

Conclusion: The protocol described in this paper constitutes the first method to analyse proteins strongly bound to cell walls in grape skins. However, this method excludes the identification of labile proteins or proteins weakly bound to the cell wall.

Significance and impact of the study: This protocol can be used for studying the role that strongly bound cell wall proteins play in development and defense processes in grape skins.
Sealing effectiveness of different types of closures towards volatile phenols and haloanisoles
Authors: Pereira Bruno , Lopes Paulo , Marques Juliana , Pimenta Maria , Alves Cátia , Roseira Isabel , Mendes Adélio , Cabral Miguel
Published: October 2016

Aim: To determine if aerial contamination can induce the migration of volatile compounds through wine closures after bottling.

Methods and results: Bottled white wines sealed with cork stoppers (natural and microagglomerate), synthetic closures and screw caps were stored under an environment contaminated with three deuterium-labeled compounds : (d5)-2,4,6-trichloroanisole (d5-TCA), (d4)-4-ethylphenol (d4-E4P) and (d5)-4-ethylguaiacol (d5-E4G). Wines, closure sections (outer, middle and inner) and screw cap liner were assessed over time for the concentration of different compounds by solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS). The results collected during 30 months of storage showed that large amounts of all compounds were essentially retained in the outer portion of cylindrical closures, both cork and synthetic. However, these compounds were able to penetrate through synthetics and screw caps and contaminate the wine.

Conclusion: Cork stoppers have proven to be an effective barrier to the migration of aerial volatile compounds such as d5-TCA, d4-E4P and d5-E4G, whereas permeable closures such as synthetic and screwcap saranex did allow the migration of those compounds into bottled wines.

Significance and impact of the study: This study provides practical information about the sealing properties of different closures for a sound decision-making with regard to packaging. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of post-bottling aerial contamination via migration of volatile compounds through wine closures.
A new method of protein extraction from red wines
Authors: Silvestri Anne-Claire , Sabatier Jessica , Ducruet Julien
Published: October 2016

Aim: Wine is a very complex medium and is often evaluated according to its main components like alcohol, sugar, tannins, and acid levels. Proteins are rarely considered in this evaluation because their concentrations are only a few mg/L of wine. However, in an enological context, proteins appear to be more and more important, in particular for the stability of wines with protein haze problems. The study of proteins is less obvious in red wines than in white wines because the proteins are strongly tied to tannins, which makes their extraction and analysis even more difficult.

Methods and results: This article describes a technique for the separation of proteins from tannins thanks to a methanol/chloroform emulsion in an acid solution. The protein extract, obtained after 4 hours, was later analyzed by SDS-Page and the protein profile of the wine established. Experiments showed that the protein profiles remained the same during the different stages of the winemaking process, whereas the overall amount of proteins decreased. Characteristic protein profiles of different grape varieties were established, and it was also possible to visualize the presence of exogenous proteins from fining agents like albumin and casein.

Conclusion: This procedure allowed the extraction of proteins from 8 red wine samples within 4 hours. It also made it possible to analyze the extracted proteins by SDS-Page without tannin interference within 2 hours.

Significance and impact of the study: This method shows in a very promising manner how proteins might be extracted from red wines after being separated from their tannins. The extracted proteins are then available for analysis using even more advanced techniques such as ESI-QTof or ELISA.
Molecular identification of Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium spp. and Cladosporium spp. in Luxembourg
Authors: Behr Marc , Legay Sylvain , Evers Danièle
Published: October 2016

Aim: Grapes are submitted to several fungal attacks, which can impair quantity and quality of the resulting wine. The aim of this paper is to describe sets of primers that are able to easily characterise the strains isolated on the grapes by DNA sequencing.

Methods and results: Four sets of primers targeting the beta-tubulin and Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) regions were used. Samples were isolated from grey or green moulds on mature berries during 5 years in vineyards located in the Moselle Valley of Luxembourg. Identifications were performed by comparing the obtained sequences with referenced sequences using several databases. The isolates obtained from the grey mould were identified as Botrytis cinerea, Mucor fragilis and Chaetomium globosum, whereas on green mould, Penicillium expansum, Penicillium minioluteum, Davidiella tassiana and Cladosporium cladosporioides were recovered. Identification may be impossible for two reasons : samples may not display a sequence of sufficient quality, which can tentatively be solved by cloning the PCR amplicon, or databases may not be exhaustive enough to unambiguously determine the species. We therefore suggest primer sets for each species according to these limiting factors.

Conclusion: The performances of the primers were species-dependent. Even though the ITS region is more highly represented in the databases than the beta-tubulin region, technical results were better for beta-tubulin sequences.

Significance and impact of the study: This work provides a basic methodology for the molecular characterisation of the fungal flora encountered on grapes.
Study of phenolic potential of seasoned and toasted Portuguese wood species (Quercus pyrenaica and Castanea sativa)
Authors: Castro-Vázquez Lucía , Alañón Maria Elena , Ricardo-da-Silva Jorge Manuel , Pérez-Coello Maria Soledad , Laureano Olga
Published: October 2016

Aim: The phenolic potential and suitability of seasoned and toasted Portuguese chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill) and oak wood (Quercus pyrenaica) as alternative cooperage materials were evaluated.

Methods and results: Low-molecular-weight phenols and ellagitannins from seasoned and toasted Portuguese wood species were analysed by HPLC. C. sativa was found to be richer in phenolic compounds than Q. pyrenaica. High concentrations of vescalagin and gallic acid were specific to C. sativa. Toasting significantly reduced the ellagitannin content in both wood types, albeit less markedly in C. sativa. As regards phenolic aldehydes, C. sativa contained substantially greater amounts of vanillic aldehyde, an odour-active compound, than Q. pyrenaica.

Conclusion: Both types of Portuguese wood are suitable for use as cooperage materials, although chestnut wood is better suited to the heat treatment involved in the coopering process.

Significance and impact of the study: Portuguese wood species provide an effective alternative to the oak wood species traditionally used for aging alcoholic beverages.
Microstructural Evolution, Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Mo-Tm2O3 Powder Mixtures during Ball Milling
Authors: Luo Yong , Ran Guang , Chen Nanjun , Shen Qiang , Zhang Yaoli
Published: October 2016

The microstructural evolution, thermodynamics and kinetics of Mo-21%Tm2O3 (mass fraction, %) powder mixtures during ball milling were investigated using X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Ball milling induced Tm2O3 to be decomposed and then dissolved into Mo crystal. The supersaturated nanocrystalline solid solution of Mo (Tm, O) was obtained after 96 h of ball milling. The elements of Mo, Tm and O were distributed uniformly in the ball-milled particles. Based on the semi-experimental theory of Miedema, a thermodynamic model was developed to calculate the driving force of phase evolution. There was no chemical driving force to form a crystal solid solution of Tm atoms in Mo crystal or an amorphous phase because the Gibbs free energy for both processes was higher than zero. For Mo-21%Tm2O3, it was mechanical work, not negative heat of mixing, that provided the driving force to form supersaturated nanocrystalline Mo (Tm, O) solid solution.
High Responsivity in GaN Ultraviolet Photodetector Achieved by Growing on a Periodic Trapezoid Column-Shape Patterned Sapphire Substrate
Authors: Liu Kuan-Ting , Chang Shoou-Jinn , Wu Sean
Published: October 2016

GaN ultraviolet photodetector with metal-semiconductor-metal structure is achieved by growing on a periodic trapezoid column-shape patterned sapphire substrate using metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. Under 5-V reverse bias, the photodetector fabricated on such patterned sapphire substrate exhibits a lower dark current, a higher photocurrent, and a 476 % enhancement in the maximum responsivity as compare with those of the photodetector fabricated on conventional flat sapphire substrate. It is also found that the much larger UV-to-visible rejection ratio and the fact that responsivity drops in a smaller cut-off region are observed from photodetector fabricated by using a periodic trapezoid column-shape patterned sapphire substrate. These phenomena may all be attributed to the reduction of threading dislocation density and the improved quality of GaN film, as well as the internal reflection and/or scattering effect on the interface between GaN film and the periodic trapezoid column-shape pattern of the substrate.
Corrosion of Fe-(9~37) wt.%Cr Alloys at 700-800 oC in (N2, H2O, H2S)-Mixed Gas
Authors: Kim Min Jung , Abro Muhammad Ali , Shi Yuke , Lee Dong Bok
Published: October 2016

Fe-(9, 19, 28, 37)wt.% Cr alloys were corroded at 700 and 800 oC for 70 h under 1 atm of N2, 1 atm of N2/3.2%H2O-mixed gas, and 1 atm of N2/3.1%H2O/2.42%H2S-mixed gas. The corrosion rate of Fe-9Cr alloy increased with the addition of H2O, and furthermore with the addition of H2S in N2 gas. Fe-9Cr alloy was always nonprotective. In contrast, Fe-(19, 28, 37) wt.%Cr alloys were protective in N2 and N2/H2O-mixed gas because of formation of the Cr2O3 layer. They were, however, nonprotective in N2/H2O/H2S-mixed gas because sulfidation dominated to form the outer FeS layer and the inner Cr2S3 layer containing some FeCr2S4.
Capital Structure Arbitrage under a Risk Neutral Calibration
Authors: Zeitsch Peter
Published: October 2016

By reinterpreting the calibration of structural models, a reassessment of the importance of the input variables is undertaken. The analysis shows that volatility is the key parameter to any calibration exercise by several orders of magnitude. In order to maximize the sensitivity to volatility, a simple formulation of Merton’s model is proposed that employs deep out-of-the-money option implied volatilities. The methodology also eliminates the use of historic data to specify the default barrier thereby leading to a full risk neutral calibration. Subsequently, a new technique for identifying and hedging capital structure arbitrage opportunities is illustrated. The approach seeks to hedge the volatility risk, or vega, as opposed to the exposure from the underlying equity itself, or delta. The results question the efficacy of the common arbitrage strategy of only executing the delta hedge.
Design and Experimental Evaluation of a Performance-Driven PID Controller
Authors: Yamamoto Toru ,   Institute of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Kinoshita Takuya , Ohnishi Yoshihiro , Shah Sirish L. ,   Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University,   Faculty of Education, Ehie University,   Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta
Published: October 2016

[abstFig src='/00280005/01.jpg' width='300' text='Outline of the performance-driven PID control system' ] This study proposes a performance-driven control method that performs a “control performance assessment” and a “control system design” from a set of closed-loop data. The method assesses control performance based on the minimum variance control law from closed-loop data. It also calculates a control parameter that improves the control performance from the same closed-loop data by using the fictitious reference iterative tuning (FRIT) method. This method is characterized by not requiring any system model. The effectiveness of this method is verified through a numerical simulation and an application result to a temperature control unit.
Determination of Individual Diffusion Coefficients of C3H8/n-C4H10/CO2/Heavy-Oil Systems at High Pressures and Elevated Temperatures by Dynamic Volume Analysis
Authors: Zheng Sixu , Yang Daoyong
Published: October 2016

By coupling heat and mass transfer for C3H8/n-C4H10/CO2/heavy-oil systems as well as by treating heavy oil as multiple pseudocomponents, a new technique together with its computational scheme has been developed to determine individual diffusion coefficients of alkane solvents and CO2 in heavy oil at high pressures and elevated temperatures by dynamic volume analysis (DVA). Experimentally, well-designed diffusion tests have been conducted for an n-C4H10/heavy-oil system, a CO2/heavy-oil system, an n-C4H10/CO2/heavy-oil system, and a C3H8/n-C4H10/CO2/heavy-oil system by using a visualized pressure/volume/temperature (PVT) setup. The volume change of liquid phase is monitored and recorded during the measurements, whereas the gas-chromatography (GC) method is used to determine the compositions of gas mixtures at the beginning and the end of the diffusion tests. Theoretically, the volume-translated Peng-Robinson (PR) equation of state (EOS) characterizing heavy oil as multiple pseudocomponents has been incorporated to develop a 2D heat-and-mass-transfer model for the aforementioned systems. The alternating-direction-implicit algorithm is applied to solve the 2D difference equations into which a moving gas/liquid interface has been successfully incorporated. The discrepancy between the measured and calculated dynamic-volume change and the discrepancy between the measured and calculated gas compositions at the end of diffusion tests have been minimized to determine the individual diffusion coefficients. Alkane solvents diffuse faster than CO2 in heavy oil, whereas addition of alkane solvent(s) into the CO2 stream not only enhances mass transfer, but also achieves an improved swelling effect of heavy oil. Among the four diffusion tests, the largest dynamic swelling factor at the end of the diffusion test is measured to be 1.118 for the C3H8/n-C4H10/CO2/heavy-oil system.
Analytical Solutions for Spontaneous Imbibition: Fractional-Flow Theory and Experimental Analysis
Authors: Schmid K. S. , Alyafei N.. , Geiger S.. , Blunt M. J.
Published: October 2016

We present analytical solutions for capillary-controlled displacement in one dimension by use of fractional-flow theory. We show how to construct solutions with a spreadsheet that can be used for the analysis of experiments as well as matrix-block-scale recovery in field settings. The solutions can be understood as the capillary analog to the classical Buckley-Leverett solution (Buckley and Leverett 1942) for viscous-dominated flow, and are valid for cocurrent and countercurrent spontaneous imbibition (SI), as well as for arbitrary capillary pressure and relative permeability curves. They can be used to study the influence of wettability, predicting saturation profiles and production rates characteristic for water-wet and mixed-wet conditions. We compare our results with in-situ measurements of saturation profiles for SI in a water-wet medium. We show that the characteristic shape of the saturation profile is consistent with the expected form of the relative permeabilities. We discuss how measurements of imbibition profiles, in combination with other measurements, could be used to determine relative permeability and capillary pressure.
Anaphylaxis after Albumin Infusion in a Patient with both IgA and anti‐IgA antibodies
Authors: Okabe Ryo , Sakashita Mai , Hamada Takamitsu , Mimura Asao , Saitoh Yuhei , Hashimoto Keishi
Published: October 2016

Anaphylactic shock due to albumin exposure is rare. The incidence of anaphylactic shock after transfusion is recognised to be higher in ahaptoglobinaemia or IgA‐deficiency patients. We present a rare case of a 67‐year‐old female who developed anaphylactic shock 30 minutes after the infusion of 25% human albumin solution a day following aortic valve replacement surgery. The patient did not have ahaptoglobinemia nor was she IgA deficient. The half‐life of albumin is 19 days, therefore it is important to monitor the patient's clinical course after albumin‐induced adverse events have occurred.
Ultrasound‐guided parasternal Pecs block: a new and useful supplement to Pecs I and serratus anterior plane blocks
Authors: Hansen Christian Kruse , Dam Mette , Poulsen Troels Dirch , Lönnqvist Per‐Arne , Bendtsen Thomas Fichtner , Børglum Jens
Published: October 2016

We describe the use of ultrasound‐guided parasternal Pecs (pectoral nerves) block for pain relief following mastectomy and reconstructive breast surgery. This new ultrasound‐guided parasternal Pecs block provides effective supplementary analgesia when the established block techniques (e.g. Pecs I and serratus anterior block) together with multimodal analgesics fail to ameliorate pain arising from the parasternal area supplied by the anterior cutaneous branches of the intercostal nerves T2‐T6. In this report, the patient undergoing reconstructive breast surgery continued to complain of severe pain even after substantial systemic opioids had been administered postoperatively in the recovery area. When the patient was administered the established Pecs I and serratus anterior blocks the pain was initially reduced markedly, but recurred in the parasternal area. Following administration of an ultrasound‐guided parasternal Pecs block, the pain disappeared and the patient was pain‐free when discharged to the ward.
Effective methods for extracting extracellular polymeric substances from Shewanella oneidensis MR-1
Authors: Dai You-Fen , Xiao Yong , Zhang En-Hua , Liu Li-Dan , Qiu Ling , You Le-Xing , Dummi Mahadevan Gurumurthy , Chen Bi-Lian , Zhao Feng
Published: October 2016

Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) play crucial roles in bio-aggregate formation and survival of bacterial cells. To develop an effective but harmless method for EPS extraction from Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, five extraction methods, i.e. centrifugation (control), heating (40, 45, 50, and 60 °C), and treatments with H2SO4, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and NaOH, were examined, respectively. Results from scanning electron microscope and flow cytometric analyses indicate that MR-1 cells were severely broken by H2SO4, NaOH and heating temperature ≥45 °C. Proteins and polysaccharides in EPS extracted by heating at 40 °C were 7.12 and 1.60 mg g−1 dry cell, respectively. Although EDTA treatment had a relatively lower yield of EPS (proteins and polysaccharides yields of 5.15 and 1.30 mg g−1 dry cell, respectively), cell lysis was barely found after EPS extraction. Three peaks were identified from the three-dimensional excitation–emission matrix spectrum of each EPS sample, suggesting the presence of protein-like substances. Furthermore, the peak intensity was in good accordance with protein concentration measured by the chemical analysis. In short, heating (40 °C) and EDTA treatments were found the most suitable methods for EPS extraction considering the cell lysis and EPS content, composition and functional groups together.
Household vocabulary in the belgorod dialects
Authors: Medvedeva Alena Igorevna
Published: October 2016

The aim of this work is a thematic classification and semantic features of the dialectal vocabulary of the Belgorod region, the nominating utensils, on the basis of contextual analysis of the words included in this volume group, and statistical analysis of clusters. The article presents the preliminary results of the subgroup analysis indicated vocabulary, and draw conclusions about the directions of further research.
Once again about a historiography of the Alans-Ossetians
Authors: Chibirov A.L. Aleksey Luydvigovich
Published: October 2016

In recent years in the North Caucasus there is a tendency to review the question of ethnogenesis and the past of the Ossetian people. Attempts to falsify history have always existed and the prerequisites for this were very different. Basically it is is stipulated by the current political situation, which requires the corresponding mythological support. Modern falsifiers of history unnecessarily politicize the issue of linguistic and cultural heritage of the Alans while trying to erase more than two centuries of historiography problems.
The use of interactive technologies for knowledge control
Authors: Neymysheva Svetlana Aleksandrovna , Kovaleva Nadezjda Fedorovna
Published: October 2016

Modern information and interactive technology, software control are diverse and should be aimed at improving the quality of students' learning. One of the promising directions is online testing.
Test base permits to evaluate students' knowledge at three levels, according to the official website of the test base http://fepo.i-exam.ru
The systematic control of knowledge and skills of students is one of the main conditions for improving the quality of education.
Emotives «fear» and «terror» in short stories by E.A. Poe
Authors: Bezmaternykh Olga Alexandrovna
Published: October 2016

Short stories by A. Poe which include emotive words «fear» and «terror” are analyzed. These words predominate among emotive words and are viewed as key words which allow the reader to penetrate into the idea of each story and come to the conclusion that all of them are built around the theme of fear and terror as a key concept.
Analyses of students' activity in the Internet social networks
Authors: Ermakov Vyacheslav Alekseevich , Juravlev Gennady Terentyevich , Kovalevskaya Elena Victorovna
Published: October 2016

The article focuses on the empirical study of students' behavior in social networks; the study was conducted by statistical data analysis methods obtained by interviewing students.
Health of Russian people. Challenges and problems
Authors: Zavyalov Andrej Evgenyevich , Levashov Vladimir Ivanovich
Published: October 2016

The article analyzes the state of health of the youth, as well as problems associated with the state of adolescent health, the analysis of the self-assessment of health status and motivation for a healthy, developing self-protective behavior. Given the statistics of diseases.
Directions of development of satellite monitoring of railway transport
Authors: Eliseev Vladimir Alexeevich
Published: October 2016

The article reviews the purpose and tasks of satellite monitoring of railway transport, reveals the development of global satellite navigation systems of the US, Russia, EU and China – space and user segments; of ground telecommunications satellite systems – control segments of GPS, GLONASS, Galileo and Beidou; domestic developments in satellite technology. Considering techno-economic and socio-humanitarian perspective, as well as the geopolitical nature of satellite monitoring, it is recommended, firstly, to expand significantly the range of user’s equipment GLONASS, to improve its technical level and quality, and secondly, while choosing the satellite constellation to support domestic technological development.
Questions of improvement of ecological situation in the industrial cities of the Tashkent region
Authors: Peremkulov Jamshid Alaerovich
Published: October 2016

The article analyzes ecological reforms of Uzbekistan’s industrial towns, especially towns of Tashkent region, during the years of Independence. The analysis shows the improvement of ecological balance, as a result of governmental arrangements undertaken for solving the ecological problems in the town. The article demonstrates the abatement of industrial pollution as a result of re-organizing industrial factories by investments. The statistical data shows the reduction of air pollution by deleterious waste in the town, which was caused by the effect of industrial plants reorganization that phase down during the first years of Independence, as a joint venture and technical and technological re-equipment of them. The ecological state of each industrial town is analyzed separately in the article. The author uses governmental decrees, periodicals, documents of town hall, archive data, as well newspapers and magazines that show eco-environment of the republic.