bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Human-Centered Design With Youth-Led Participatory Action Research Approaches for Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health Programming
Authors: Fakoya Ibidun , Cole Claire , Larkin Chris , Punton Melanie , Brown Eleanor , Ballonoff Suleiman Ahna
Published: April 2021

Existing participatory research approaches have failed to identify innovative methods that overcome the persistent barriers to adolescent sexual and reproductive health service demand and access. Increasingly, programmers have turned to human-centered design (HCD), a problem-solving process that centers the needs, perspectives, and experiences of people, when developing solutions to complex SRH challenges. This article describes the application of a youth-engaged version of HCD as part of Adolescents 360, a transdisciplinary initiative to increase 15- to 19-year-old girls’ use of modern contraception in Nigeria, Ethiopia, and Tanzania. Youth-adult design teams (including 111 “youth designers” trained in HCD methods) undertook formative research to inform the design and implementation of interventions. We reflect on the practical implications of using instrumental strategies of HCD with a youth-led participatory approach. Our experience indicates that (1) engaging youth as project partners in transdisciplinary teams requires planned and dedicated financial and human resources; (2) involving youth as action researchers can help identify opportunities to improve program empathy and responsiveness; (3) it is difficult to recruit “extreme users” as project partners because of the high competencies needed in HCD; (4) centering empathy and employing design standards during prototyping can drive decision-making and resolve questions raised by conflicting evidence claims in existing bodies of literature; and (5) testing tangible services and products in real-world settings continues long after the intervention design phase. Youth-adult partnership should continue throughout this iterative and adaptive phase to ensure that the adolescent experience of the intervention remains at the core of intervention delivery.
Long Non-Coding RNA LOC648987 Promotes Proliferation and Metastasis of Renal Cell Carcinoma by Regulating Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Su Yaowu , Zhou Liang , Yu Qin , Lu Jianjun , Liu Wei
Published: April 2021

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a type of urinary tumor with a high incidence and is often associated with tumor metastasis. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) regulates tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis. However, the role and the predictive value of lncRNA in RCC progression and metastasis have not been elucidated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a newly discovered lncRNA LOC648987 on RCC proliferation and metastasis. LOC648987 was identified by RT-PCR for high expression in human RCC tissues as well as in metastatic RCC tissues. In the cell experiments, we infected the RCC cell lines ACHN and 786-O cells with LOC648987-shRNA and its negative control (shNC). The results showed that the knockdown of LOC648987 inhibited the proliferation of ACHN and 786-O cells and colony formation. The cell cycle and the apoptosis progression of ACHN and 786-O cells were assessed using flow cytometry. The knockdown of LOC648987 significantly inhibited the progression of ACHN and 786-O cells from G0/G1 to S phase and promoted cell apoptosis. The metastasis promoting effects of LOC648987 on ACHN and 786-O cells were verified by transwell migration assays, which depended on vimentin and MMP-9 to regulate the epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Finally, the promotion of LOC648987 on RCC tumorigenesis was evaluated in BALb/c nude mice. These data confirmed that lncRNA LOC648987 promoted RCC cell proliferation and tumor metastasis and regulated the expression of EMT-related proteins in RCC cells.
Higher-Than-Expected Rates of Distal Radioulnar Joint Fixation in Radial Shaft Fractures: Location of Fracture Matters
Authors: Zhang Joanne Y. , Samineni Aneesh V. , Sing David C. , Rothman Alyssa , Stein Andrew B.
Published: April 2021

Background:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate rates of distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) fixation based on location of the radial shaft fracture and risk factors associated with postoperative complications following radial shaft open reduction internal fixation (ORIF).

Methods:

Adult patients who underwent isolated radial shaft ORIF from 2014 to 2018 were identified from American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database and stratified by fracture location and by the presence or absence of DRUJ fixation. Preoperative patient characteristics and postoperative complications were compared to determine risk factors associated with DRUJ fixation.

Results:

We identified 1517 patients who underwent isolated radial shaft ORIF, of which 396 (26.1%) underwent DRUJ fixation. Preoperative patient characteristics and postoperative complications were similar between cohorts. Distal radioulnar joint fixation was performed in 50 (30.7%) of 163 distal radial shaft fractures, 191 (21.8%) of 875 midshaft fractures, and 3 (13.0%) of 23 proximal shaft fractures ( P = .025). Risk factors for patients readmitted include male sex (odds ratio [OR] = 12.76, P = .009) and older age (OR = 4.99, P = .035). Risk factors for patients with any postoperative complication include dependent functional status (OR = 6.78, P = .02), older age (50-69 vs <50) (OR = 2.73, P = .05), and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) ≥3 (OR = 2.45, P = .047).

Conclusions:

The rate of DRUJ fixation in radial shaft ORIF exceeded previously reported rates of concomitant DRUJ injury, especially among distal radial shaft fractures. More distally located radial shaft fractures are significantly associated with higher rates of DRUJ fixation. Male sex is a risk factor for readmission, whereas dependent functional status, older age, and ASA ≥3 are risk factors for postoperative complications.
Effects of Injury Pattern and Treatment on Case Length and Disposition for Hand Injuries Treated Under a Workers’ Compensation Claim
Authors: Gray Aaron , Young Colby
Published: April 2021

Background:

In treating occupational hand injuries under workers’ compensation, the 2 most important goals are to maximize patient function, ideally to preinjury levels, and permit a timely return to work (RTW). The purpose of this study was to determine factors affecting total case length, that is, the total time from injury until primary closure of a patient’s claim, and disposition among patients with hand injuries treated under workers’ compensation.

Methods:

All cases treated under workers’ compensation by a single fellowship-trained hand surgeon within a single year were retrospectively reviewed. A case is defined as the entire management and treatment of a single patient related to a single occupational injury incident. Independent variables included age, sex, body mass index, comorbidity, occupation, injury pattern, and treatment modality. Dependent variables included treatment duration from injury to case closure and final case disposition (RTW, functional capacity evaluation [FCE], or loss to follow-up [LTFU]). Comparison between groups was accomplished with analysis of variance. Multivariate linear and logistic regression analysis was performed to predict case length and disposition.

Results:

In all, 447 cases involving a workers’ compensation claim were reviewed. Among these, 75 (16.8%) were LTFU, 24 (5.4%) required an FCE, and 346 (77.4%) an RTW. The RTW cases averaged 138.5 days, whereas those requiring FCE averaged 331.5 days. Compared with average case length, crush injuries (76.8 days. P < .001) and fractures (111.8 days, P = .0224) had significantly shorter time to closure. In a multivariate linear model, cases of soft tissue and nerve injury were associated with longer case lengths, remaining open for an additional 56.8 and 347.1 days, respectively ( P < .001). Each treatment modality studied, therapy, injections, and surgery, was associated with an increase in case length.

Conclusions:

Cases requiring FCE were open significantly longer than those resulting in RTW. In addition, injury pattern and treatment modality were associated with significant variations in total case length. These results imply that a specific subset of patients, namely those with soft tissue and nerve injuries, may experience delayed resolution among patients treated under a workers’ compensation claim.
Language teaching and bilingual education policies in Scotland and Andalusia: A language-use-based comparative study
Authors: Palacios-Hidalgo Francisco Javier , Huertas-Abril Cristina A. , Gómez-Parra María Elena
Published: April 2021

European countries and their regions are trying to develop quality foreign language policies to help citizens become communicatively competent. The Spanish region of Andalusia has implemented Bilingual Education since 2005, whereas in the United Kingdom the take-up rates of languages in schools are low despite the linguistic demands that Brexit will pose to citizens. Scotland, however, seems keen on promoting the inclusion of languages into curricula. Analysing language policies may help understand differences between both contexts and, ultimately, build synergies between the educational administrations of these countries. Considering that corpus linguistic analysis of language policies allows identifying political ideologies permeating language policy and planning, this article studies and compares the use of language in Scottish and Andalusian language teaching policies. Although differences are identified in terms of the focus of the instruction and the language approach followed, findings show the efforts of Andalusia and Scotland to foster plurilingualism.
Applications of hypervalent iodine(III) reagents in constructing ortho-iodo aromatic ethers
Authors: Yang-Yang Zhai , Zhen-Hui Wang , Xue-Yun Gong , Bao-Hua Hou , Xiao-Rui Cui , Yan-Feng Sun , Ke-Yang Wang , Peng-Wei Liu , Xue-Yan Li , De-Jun Zhou
Published: April 2021

A one-pot method for the synthesis of aromatic ethers using hypervalent iodine(III) reagents obtained from the corresponding iodoaryl compounds is developed. In this concise method, six diaryl ethers and three heterocyclic aromatic ethers are synthesized in good yields. Furthermore, possible mechanisms for the syntheses of the hypervalent iodine reagents and construction of the aromatic ethers are proposed.
Reliability analysis for systems subject to mutually dependent degradation and shock processes
Authors: Bian Lina , Wang Guanjun , Duan Fengjun
Published: April 2021

This paper studies the reliability problem for systems subject to two types of dependent competing failure processes, that is, soft failure and hard failure processes. A soft failure happens when the total degradation of the system exceeds a given critical level, while a hard failure occurs when the accumulative shock load caused by shocks surpasses the hard failure threshold. These two failure processes are mutually dependent due to the fact that external shocks will bring sudden increments in the degradation of the system, and the total amount of degradation will decrease the hard failure threshold of the system. The system fails whenever either of these two failure modes happens. Assuming that the arrival of shocks follows a Poisson process, the reliability function of the system under cumulative shock model is derived by using some analytical techniques. Some important reliability indices, including the mean lifetime of the system, the expected number of shocks until system failure, the probabilities of soft and hard failures, are calculated explicitly. Moreover, a special case that the hard failure process and soft failure process are mutually independent is also discussed. Monte Carlo method is employed to calculate the multiple integrals existing in the expressions of reliability function and reliability indices. A numerical example of the Reinforced Concrete pier columns on sea bridge is presented to illustrate the proposed model.
Scaphoid plating for recalcitrant scaphoid fractures: a systematic review
Authors: Morgan Samuel D. J. , Sivakumar Brahman S. , Graham David J.
Published: April 2021

We conducted a systematic review of scaphoid plating for recalcitrant scaphoid fractures using EMBASE, Pubmed, Cochrane and MEDLINE. Thirteen studies were included. Ninety-three per cent of cases reported were male with a mean age of 27 years. Bony union was reported in eleven studies and achieved in 72% to 100% of cases. Scaphoid plates showed no significant difference in union incidence compared with headless compression screws. Mean removal incidence of plates was 21%. Postoperative flexion–extension arc was 119°. Grip strength improved by 14% postoperatively over that before surgery. There was a general improvement in patient-reported outcome measures. Eighty-six per cent of reported participants returned to their previous work. In these clinical reports, plates frequently required removal more frequently than headless compression screws.
High rates of JCV seroconversion in a large international cohort of natalizumab-treated patients
Authors: Dwyer Christopher M. , Jokubaitis Vilija G. , Stankovich Jim , Baker Josephine , Haartsen Jodi , Butzkueven Helmut , Cartwright Adriana , Shuey Neil , Fragoso Yara Dadalti , Rath Louise , Skibina Olga , Fryer Kylie , Butler Ernest , Coleman Jennifer , MacIntrye Jennifer , Macdonell Richard , Walt Anneke van der
Published: April 2021

Aims:

To retrospectively assess factors associated with John Cunningham virus (JCV) seroconversion in natalizumab-treated patients.

Background:

Natalizumab is highly effective for the treatment of relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), but its use is complicated by opportunistic JCV infection. This virus can result in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Serial assessment of JCV serostatus is mandated during natalizumab treatment.

Methods:

Patients treated with natalizumab for RRMS at six tertiary hospitals in Melbourne, Australia ( n = 865) and 11 MS treatment centres in Brazil ( n = 136) were assessed for change in JCV serostatus, duration of exposure to natalizumab and prior immunosuppression. Sensitivity analyses examined whether sex, age, tertiary centre, prior immunosuppression or number of JCV tests affected time to seroconversion.

Results:

From a cohort of 1001 natalizumab-treated patients, durable positive seroconversion was observed in 83 of 345 initially JCV negative patients (24.1%; 7.3% per year). Conversely, 16 of 165 initially JCV positive patients experienced durable negative seroconversion (9.7%; 3.8% per year). Forty patients (3.9%) had fluctuating serostatus. Time-to-event analysis did not identify a relationship between JCV seroconversion and duration of natalizumab exposure. Prior exposure to immunosuppression was not associated with an increased hazard of positive JCV seroconversion. Male sex was associated with increased JCV seroconversion risk [adjusted hazard ratio 2.09 (95% confidence interval 1.17–3.71) p = 0.012].

Conclusion:

In this large international cohort of natalizumab-treated patients we observed an annual durable positive seroconversion rate of 7.3%. This rate exceeds that noted in registration and post-marketing studies for natalizumab. This rate also greatly exceeds that predicted by epidemiological studies of JCV seroconversion in healthy populations. Taken together, our findings support emerging evidence that natalizumab causes off-target immune changes that may be trophic for JCV seroconversion. In addition, male sex may be associated with increased positive JCV seroconversion.
Serum-derived extracellular vesicles inhibit osteoclastogenesis in active-phase patients with SAPHO syndrome
Authors: Gao Yanpan , Chen Yanyu , Wang Lun , Li Chen , Ge Wei
Published: April 2021

Objective:

Synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder and the underlying pathogenesis is unclear. In this study, 88 SAPHO patients and 118 healthy controls were recruited to investigate the role of serum-derived extracellular vesicles (SEVs) in SAPHO syndrome.

Methods:

Quantitative proteomics was applied for SEVs proteome identification, and ELISA and Western blotting was performed to verify the results of mass spectrum data. In vitro osteoclastogenesis and osteogenesis assay was used to confirm the effects of SEVs on bone metabolism.

Results:

Tandem mass tagging-based quantitative proteomic analysis of SAPHO SEVs revealed differential expressed proteins involved in bone metabolism. Of these, serum amyloid A-1 (SAA1) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were upregulated. Higher SAA1 levels in SAPHO patients were confirmed by ELISA. In addition, SAA1 levels were positively correlated with CRP, an inflammatory marker related to the condition of patients. In vitro celluler studies confirmed that SAPHO SEVs inhibited osteoclastogenesis in patients mainly in the active phase of the disease. Further analysis demonstrated that Nucleolin was upregulated in osteoclasts of active-phase patients under SAPHO SEVs stimulation.

Conclusion:

In this study, we identified SAA1 as an additional inflammation marker that can potentially assist the diagnosis of SAPHO syndrome, and speculated that Nucleolin is a key regulator of osteoclastogenesis in active-phase patients.
Invisible transitions: Transitions to school following different paths
Authors: Dockett Sue , Perry Bob
Published: April 2021

Most children starting primary school in Australia do so after attending early childhood education and participating in a transition to school programme. While this has become the expected pathway, it is not the one followed by all children and their families. In this article, we describe visible transitions as those that are known, understood and planned – that is, they follow the expected path. In contrast, invisible transitions occur when children and families arrive unexpectedly at school. Drawing on two studies involving 30 schools in two different states of Australia, we report the scope and nature of invisible transitions and the challenges and opportunities arising from invisible transitions in these schools. Each of the schools reported instances of invisible transitions. Some, but not all, schools promoted strategies involving school staff, other families and children to support those arriving unexpectedly. While invisible transition was identified as a challenge, the opportunities for reflecting on existing transition approaches and building inclusive strategies were also noted.
Development of Evidence-Based Rehabilitation Practice in Botanical Garden for People With Mental Health Disorders
Authors: Vujcic Trkulja Maja , Tomicevic-Dubljevic Jelena , Tosevski Dusica Lecic , Vukovic Olivera , Toskovic Oliver
Published: April 2021

Aim:

This article aims to make clearer, with supporting evidence, the clinical benefits of the nature-based rehabilitation program (NBRP) and the restorative values of visiting botanical garden for people with stress-related mental disorders.

Background:

Throughout the years, nature-based therapy has been acknowledged as a valuable rehabilitation practice that integrates specially designed natural environments and nature-related activities for people with mental health conditions.

Subject and Methods:

The comparative analyses of parallel conducted the NBRP at botanical garden and occupational therapy realised at the Day Hospital of the Institute of Mental Health in Belgrade included 27 participants divided into two groups. The data collection employed a mixed method combining a Clinical Global Impression (CGI) Scale and on-site observations.

Results:

The positive findings on the psychological recovery of the participants seem to be related to NBRP. The restorative potential of the garden was recognized through the observed interaction between participants and the natural entities employed through the various themed activities. The observed landscape elements especially solitary plant specimens or tall and single-form trees within the garden can be embraced as design guidelines for the development of an evidence-based practice that can support the recovery process of people with mental health conditions.

Conclusion:

Our findings endorse that ongoing social development and progressive urbanization have broadened the interest in scientific research involving nature-based solutions that help preserve the physical and mental health of people in low- and middle-income Western Balkan countries with a high prevalence of mental disorders in the urban environment that relates to social inequalities and natural disasters.
You Must Stay at Home! The Impact of Commands on Behaviors During COVID-19
Authors: Krpan Dario , Dolan Paul
Published: April 2021

“You must stay at home!” This is how the UK Prime Minister announced lockdown in March 2020. Many countries implemented similarly assertive messages. Research, however, suggests that authoritative language can backfire by inciting psychological reactance (i.e., feelings of anger arising from threats to one’s autonomy). In a series of three studies, we therefore tested whether commanding versus control and noncommanding messages influence several cognitive and affective indicators of reactance, intentions to comply with COVID-19 recommendations, and the compliance behavior itself. Although people found commanding messages threatening and felt angry and negative toward them, these messages impacted only intentions, but there was no evidence of behavioral reactance. Overall, our research constitutes the most comprehensive examination of cognitive–affective and behavioral indicators of reactance regarding commands to date and offers new insights into both reactance theory and COVID-19 communication.
Tolvaptan treatment in an adult Fontan patient with protein-losing enteropathy: a serial 23Na-MRI investigation
Authors: Moosmann Julia , Toka Okan , Linz Peter , Dahlmann Anke , Nagel Armin M. , Schiffer Mario , Uder Michael , Cesnjevar Robert , Dittrich Sven , Kopp Christoph
Published: April 2021

Background:

Protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) is a severe complication of the univentricular Fontan circulation and associated with disturbances in salt and water homeostasis. Fontan patients with PLE have a poor prognosis, with increased morbidity and mortality. Due to limited therapeutic strategies, patients are often treated only symptomatically.

Methods:

We report our first experience of Tolvaptan (TLV) treatment in a Fontan patient with PLE, severe volume retention and hyponatraemia, refractory to conventional diuretic therapy. In addition to clinical parameters, we monitored drug effects including tissue sodium and volume status via serial 23Na-magnetic resonance imaging (23Na-MRI) and bioimpedance spectroscopy compared with age-matched controls.

Results:

23Na-MRI identified elevated tissue sodium, which decreased under TLV treatment, as well as volume status, while serum sodium increased and the patient’s symptoms improved. During long-term treatment, we were able to differentiate between sodium and volume status in our patient, suggesting that TLV uncoupled body sodium from water.

Conclusion:

TLV in addition to loop diuretics improved clinical symptoms of PLE and lowered tissue sodium overload. Long-term effects should be further evaluated in Fontan patients.
“Where Your Voice Burns Like Fire”: Visual art and radio broadcasting as semiotic practices of intergenerational political socialization among the Purépecha of Cherán, México
Authors: Wright Anthony Gerard , José Velázquez Morales Jurhamuti
Published: April 2021

This article analyzes visual art and radio broadcasting as semiotic practices that serve as crucial sites of child and youth participation in Indigenous social movements. Looking specifically at a movement against organized crime, political corruption, and environmental exploitation that emerged in 2011 among the Purépechan people of Cherán, Michoacán, México, we show how young people’s creative practices present a significant challenge to hegemonic models of adult- directed political socialization and participation, although they do not result in a total flattening of age-based hierarchies. Drawing on multimodal ethnographic fieldwork and personal experience in the movement, we show how the creative practices of youth activists facilitate the production and circulation of visual and sonic content that conveys historical and onto-epistemological frameworks which guide the movement. We also show how the circulation of this content generates the potential to influence those who come into contact with it, including both Purépechans and non-Purépechans who reside well beyond the borders of Cherán. In doing so, we demonstrate that multimodal ethnographic attention to the ways in which young people’s diverse semiotic repertoires are deployed in contexts of political activism can provide valuable insights about political socialization, intergenerational relationships, and the entanglement of a variety of politically charged semiotic forms in everyday life.
Participation in pulmonary hypertension support group improves patient‐reported health quality outcomes: a patient and caregiver survey
Authors: Giri Paresh C. , Stevens Gizelle J. , Merrill‐Henry Jeanette , Oyoyo Udochukwu , Balasubramanian Vijay P.
Published: April 2021

Support group participation has been shown to be effective in many chronic medical conditions. The evidence for integrating support group into pulmonary hypertension care and its effect on quality of life, physical and psychological well‐being is limited. We sought to assess the effect of support group participation on quality of life in patients diagnosed with pulmonary hypertension and their caregivers. The emPHasis‐10 questionnaire (a tool validated for quality of life assessment in pulmonary hypertension) was used to evaluate the effect of support group participation. Additional demographic and health‐related quality measures were examined. Results showed that 165 subjects were enrolled in the study; 122 (74.4%) were patients with pulmonary hypertension, 41 (25.0%) were their caregivers, and 2 (0.02%) did not respond. The cohort was predominantly female (n = 128, 78%), Caucasian (n = 10, 61%), and the principal self‐reported classification of pulmonary hypertension was World Health Organization Group 1 (n = 85, 51.8%) and the self‐reported New York Heart Association Functional Class was II and III (n = 43, 57.3%). Most participants (n = 118, 71.5%) attended support groups and of them, a majority (n = 107, 90.6%) stated it helped them. There was no difference in quality of life as assessed by emPHasis‐10 scores with support group participation (median score 30 vs 32,p = 0.387). There was self‐reported improvement in understanding condition better including procedures such as right heart catheterization, medication compliance, and confidence in self‐care (p < 0.05). Using multivariate logistic regression, baseline variables that were independently associated with emPHasis‐10 scores for the entire cohort included knowledge of New York Heart Association Functional Class (odds ratio: 1.919, 95% CI: 1.004–3.67,p = 0.04) and greater distance traveled to visit pulmonary hypertension physician (odds ratio: 1.391, 95% CI: 0.998‐‐1.94,p = 0.05). In conclusion, support group participation does not improve quality of life as assessed by emPHasis‐10 scores but improves other meaningful health‐related quality outcomes.
Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension following pulmonary embolism with a right ventricular thrombus: A report of two cases
Authors: Zhang Tailong , Liang Weitao , Bian Longrong , Wu Zhong
Published: April 2021

Right heart thrombus accompanied by chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension is a rare entity. Right heart thrombus may develop in the peripheral veins or in situ within the right heart chambers. The diagnosis of right heart thrombus is challenging, since its symptoms are typically non‐specific and its imaging features resemble those of cardiac masses. Here, we report two cases of right heart thrombus with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension that presented as right ventricular masses initially. Both patients underwent simultaneous pulmonary endarterectomy and resection of the ventricular thrombi. Thus, when mass‐like features are confirmed by imaging, right heart thrombus should be suspected in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, and simultaneous right heart thrombus resection is required along with pulmonary endarterectomy.
The Tinder Games: Collective mobile dating app use and gender conforming behavior
Authors: Sobieraj Sabrina , Humphreys Lee
Published: April 2021

Mobile dating apps like Tinder became very popular among young adults, and, in contrast to mobile dating websites, they were designed to create a more game-like experience. While it is well documented that seeking entertainment is one core motivation for mobile dating app use, the social nature of entertainment has garnered less attention. Therefore, in this paper we draw on research on entertainment in dating apps and the socio-physical contexts of use to identify patterned behaviors of heterosexual users. To do this, we employed a qualitative multi-phase research approach. First, we conducted 20 interviews with mobile dating app users. Based on the findings from that study, we conducted gender-specific focus groups and a discourse analysis to explore the social phenomena identified in phase one. Our findings suggest the fun of mobile dating is not just interacting with potential matches through the apps, but the use of the apps among one’s friends. These “dating games” are entertaining, but importantly mitigate potential social or physical risks of mobile dating. Unsurprisingly, notions of “play” across the interview, focus group, and discourse analyses reflect highly gendered practices surrounding mobile dating apps and different risks associated with such games.
Drug-related problems in Ethiopian public healthcare settings: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ayele Yohanes , Tesfaye Zelalem Tilahun
Published: April 2021

Identification and prevention of drug-related problems have become the central role of patient-centered pharmacy practitioners. After the initiation of patient-oriented pharmacy service, many studies evaluating magnitude of drug-related problems at facility level in Ethiopia have been conducted, though the extent of the problem at a national level remains unknown. Hence, this systematic review and meta-analysis is undertaken with the aim of quantifying the prevalence of drug-related problems in Ethiopian public healthcare settings using Cipolle/Strand classification system. Electronic databases were searched including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, MEDLINE and HINARI, Google Scholar and ResearchGate for both published and unpublished works. Data on study characteristics and outcomes were extracted using the format developed on Microsoft Excel. The primary measure was the pooled prevalence of drug-related problems. The meta-analysis was conducted using OpenMeta[Analyst].A total of 17 studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of drug-related problems of patients who experienced at least one drug-related problem during their therapy was found to be 69.4% (95% confidence interval: 61.5–77.4). The most frequently reported types of drug-related problems were “need for additional drug and “noncompliance,” together accounting for more than half of the drug-related problems. The most frequently reported factors associated with drug-related problems were patients’ age, polypharmacy, comorbidities and the number days of hospital stay.The prevalence of drug-related problems in Ethiopian public healthcare settings was found to be high. Inconsistent reporting of drug-related problems was observed across the studies. It is imperative to design and implement interventions aimed at reducing drug-related problems. Responsible stakeholders should adopt uniform drug-related problem classification approach to ensure uniform reporting of drug-related problems in Ethiopian healthcare settings
Multi-Component Care Bundle in Geriatric Fracture Hip for Reducing Post-Operative Delirium
Authors: Lam David Ming Hon , Wang Cherry , Lee Aaron Kin Ho , Chung Yu Fai , Lau Tak Wing , Fang Christian , Leung Frankie , Chan Timmy Chi Wing
Published: April 2021

Background:

Delirium in elderly orthopaedic patients poses an enormous medical, social and financial burden to the healthcare system, and causes significant distress to patients and their caregivers. We examined whether a Multi-component Care Bundle (MCB) could reduce the incidence of post-operative delirium (POD) in fractured hip patients.

Methods:

An observational study was conducted, analyzing 154 patients (mean age ± SD, 85 ± 7.8, 68% women) admitted to Queen Mary Hospital with hip fracture. Half of the patients were cared for in the control group before MCB was introduced, which included installation of orientation aids, introduction of a Caregiver Empowerment Program, and incorporation of ultrasound-guided Fascia Iliaca Block (FIB) into the analgesia protocol.

Results:

There were fewer patients with POD in the MCB group, compared with the control group (18/76, 23.4% v 34/76, 44.2%, p = 0.006). Patients in MCB group consumed less opioid ( 4/77 v 13/77, p = 0.048), experienced less post-operative dizziness (2/77, 2.6% v 13/77, 16.9%, p = 0.003) and had a shorter median day to start walking post-operatively (day 1 [IQR 1-2] vs day 2 [IQR 2-3]; p = 0.001) than the control group. Length of stay was not affected.

Conclusion:

MCB effectively reduces POD, postoperative dizziness, opioid consumption, and days to start mobilization postoperatively.
A Study on Influence of Psychological Capital of Chinese University Teachers Upon Job Thriving: Based on Motivational Work Behavior as an Intermediary Variable
Authors: Liu Xiaoxia , Lyu Bei , Fan Jiayu , Yu Shu , Xiong Ying , Chen Hui
Published: April 2021

With the continuous development of the information process, a series of revolutionary changes are occurring in universities such as knowledge acquisition methods, teaching methods, as well as the relation between teaching and learning, which lead to new and higher requirements for teaching staff. Combining the development requirements of China’s new era, starting from the perspective of capital development in universities, we should discuss the influence of universities teachers’ psychological capital on job thriving. Through the literature, we found that the psychological capital of universities teachers cannot affect the job thriving directly. Therefore, we would try to find an intermediary variable-motivational work behavior and establish an intermediary model to study the relationship between variables. Through the establishment of models, the use of empirical analysis methods, analysis the data from electronic questionnaires, use software analysis, and we reveal the role of university teachers’ psychological capital on the job thriving, and how to improve teachers’ job thriving, the organization brings greater benefits to provide countermeasures and suggestions and provides more new enlightenment for the management of universities.
The Predictive Ability of Emotional Creativity in Creative Performance Among University Students
Authors: Alzoubi Ahmad Mohammad Ali , Al. Qudah Mohammad Farhan , Albursan Ismael Salamah , Bakhiet Salaheldin Farah Attallah , Alfnan Ali. A.
Published: April 2021

This study investigated the predictive ability of emotional creativity (EC) in creative performance (CP). The sample consisted of 297 male and female students from literary, educational, and administrative specializations. EC was assessed by Averill’s Emotional Creativity Inventory that includes three dimensions: preparedness, novelty, and effectiveness. Mednick’s Remote Associates Test was used to assess CP. Results revealed that the three dimensions of EC predicted CP. Statistically significant differences in EC were found in favor of female students and students from literary and educational specializations, whereas no significant differences were found by cumulative grade. Nevertheless, statistically significant differences in CP by cumulative grade were found in favor of students with high grades. No statistically significant differences in CP by gender and specialization were found. It was recommended based on the results that the three dimensions of EC be integrated in programs seeking to enhance students’ creative thinking skills.
Involuntary Memories of War-Related Scenes in Veterans With PTSD
Authors: Staugaard Søren Risløv , Fuglsang Annette Kjær , Berntsen Dorthe
Published: April 2021

Studies suggest that general control deficits and elevated affect intensity in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) extend beyond memory for the index trauma. However, few researchers have pursued this possibility experimentally by examining memory for novel events. We used an experimental design to measure the frequency and characteristics of involuntary memories over time. Veterans with and without PTSD saw pictures of neutral and war-related scenes. Half of the participants completed an involuntary-retrieval task immediately after encoding, whereas the other half completed the retrieval task after 1 week. Veterans with PTSD had stronger emotional reactions to their involuntary memories of the scenes regardless of their original valence. The emotional impact and specificity of the memories did not diminish over time in PTSD veterans but did so in the control group. The findings are consistent with an increased emotional response to a range of memories that include—but are not limited to—memories of traumatic events.
The Approach to Pseudarthrosis After Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery: Is a Multiple-Rod Construct Necessary?
Authors: Dinizo Michael , Passias Peter , Kebaish Khaled , Errico Thomas J. , Raman Tina
Published: April 2021

Study Design:

Retrospective study.

Objectives:

Our goal was to evaluate the rate of rod fracture and persistent pseudarthrosis in cohorts of patients treated with a dual rod or multiple-rod construct in revision surgery for pseudarthrosis.

Methods:

A dual rod construct was used in 23 patients, and a multiple rod construct in 24 patients, spanning the pseudarthrosis level. Two-year fusion grading, and rates of pseudarthrosis and implant failure, were assessed.

Results:

There were no differences in patient or surgical characteristics between the groups: (2- rod construct: Age 60 ± 14, Levels 10 ± 5, 3-column osteotomy:17%; multiple-rod construct: Age: 62 ± 11, Levels 9 ± 4, 3-column osteotomy:30%). Patients in the multiple rod construct were transfused a greater volume of packed red blood cells (pRBCs) intraoperatively (2.6 ± 2.9 vs. 1.1 ± 1.5 U, p < 0.0001). At 2 year follow up there was no difference in fusion grades at the previous level of pseudarthrosis, the rate of rod fracture or pseudarthrosis between the 2 groups, or rate of reoperation for pseudarthrosis, rod fracture, wound infection, hardware prominence, or PJK/PJF.

Conclusions:

Our data demonstrate no difference in fusion grade, or rates of rod fracture and revision at 2 years, after utilizing a dual rod versus multiple rod construct in revision surgery for pseudarthrosis. The low complication rates seen with either configuration warrant further investigation of the optimal instrumentation configuration.
The Presence of Ghost Publications Among Canadian Plastic Surgery Residency Applicants: How Honest Are Canadians?
Authors: ElHawary Hassan , Bucevska Marija , Pawliuk Colleen , Wang Annie M. , Seal Alexander , Gilardino Mirko S. , Arneja Jugpal S.
Published: April 2021

Background:

Physicians with history of unprofessional behaviour during their medical training are shown to be 3 times more likely to have board disciplinary action later in their career. One realm in which unprofessional behaviour takes place is the phenomenon of unverifiable publications or “ghost publications.” To that end, this study aims to assess the rate of ghost publications among a recent cohort of Canadian Plastic Surgery residency applicants to determine if this phenomenon is geographic in nature.

Methods:

The current study was a retrospective, cross-sectional observational study; a review of all residency applications submitted to a single Canadian Plastic Surgery residency program from 2015 to 2018 was performed and all their listed publications were verified for accuracy. The review was conducted by a third party librarian and a research coordinator blinded to the authors identifying information. “Ghost publication” was defined as any publication listed as “published,” “accepted,” or “in-press” that did not exist in the literature.

Results:

A total of 196 applications of 186 applicants were submitted over the span of 4 years. A total of 362 publications listed as peer-reviewed articles, belonging to 114 applications were extracted and reviewed. Among the 362 publications listed as peer-reviewed articles, 2 could not be found in the literature (0.55%). Additionally, 42 citations were found with 48 minor differences than what was cited.

Conclusions:

The rate of ghost publications among recent applicants to a Plastic Surgery residency program is low (less than 1%). Future studies should investigate methods to further improve and instill the value of professionalism in our future plastic surgery trainees.
Copers and Noncopers Use Different Landing Techniques to Limit Anterior Tibial Translation After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Keizer Michèle N.J. , Otten Egbert , Beijersbergen Chantal M.I. , Brouwer Reinoud W. , Hijmans Juha M.
Published: April 2021

Background:

At 1 year after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), two-thirds of patients manage to return to sports (copers), whereas one-third of patients do not return to sports (noncopers). Copers and noncopers have different muscle activation patterns, and noncopers may not be able to control dynamic anterior tibial translation (ATTd) as well as copers.

Purpose/Hypothesis:

To investigate whether (1) there is a positive correlation between passive ATT (ATTp; ie, general joint laxity) and ATTd during jump landing, (2) whether ATTd is moderated by muscle activating patterns, and (3) whether there is a difference in moderating ATTd between copers and noncopers. We hypothesized that patients who have undergone ACLR compensate for ATTd by developing muscle strategies that are more effective in copers compared with noncopers.

Study Design:

Controlled laboratory study.

Methods:

A total of 40 patients who underwent unilateral ACLR performed 10 single-leg hops for distance with both legs. Lower body kinematic and kinetic data were measured using a motion-capture system, and ATTd was determined with an embedded method. Muscle activity was measured using electromyographic signals. Bilateral ATTp was measured using a KT-1000 arthrometer. In addition, the Beighton score was obtained.

Results:

There was no significant correlation between ATTp and ATTd in copers; however, there was a positive correlation between ATTp and ATTd in the operated knee of noncopers. There was a positive correlation between the Beighton score and ATTp as well as between the Beighton score and ATTd in both copers and noncopers in the operated knee. Copers showed a negative correlation between ATTd and gastrocnemius activity in their operated leg during landing. Noncopers showed a positive correlation between ATTd and knee flexion moment in their operated knee during landing.

Conclusion:

Copers used increased gastrocnemius activity to reduce ATTd, whereas noncopers moderated ATTd by generating a smaller knee flexion moment.

Clinical Relevance:

This study showed that copers used different landing techniques than noncopers. Patients who returned to sports after ACLR had sufficient plantar flexor activation to limit ATTd.
Socioeconomic Determinants of Tertiary Rhinology Care Utilization
Authors: Poetker David M. , Friedland David R. , Adams Jazzmyne A. , Tong Ling , Osinski Kristen , Luo Jake
Published: April 2021

Objective

The objective of this study was to determine the impact of patient demographics and socioeconomic factors on the utilization of tertiary rhinology care services in an upper Midwestern academic medical center.

Study Design

Retrospective review of electronic health records.

Setting

Academic medical center.

Methods

The electronic health record of our academic center was interrogated for the demographics and diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) among adult patients seen by fellowship‐trained rhinologists from 2000 to 2019. Patient characteristics (age, sex, race, insurance status) and population‐level data (median income and education level) were compared with utilization of tertiary rhinology services for CRS. Utilization rates were calculated for each regional zip code and correlated with census data for median income and education. The association between determinants of health and tertiary rhinology utilization was assessed by multivariate regression analyses.

Results

A total of 8325 patients diagnosed with CRS used tertiary rhinology services. Patients were older (median, 58.9 years) and more likely to be female (57.6%), White (85%), and privately insured (60%) when compared with patients seen across our hospital system (P <. 001). Adjusted analyses showed median income, education level, and White race to be independently correlated with tertiary care utilization. Private insurance alone was not an independent contributing factor to access.

Conclusion

Utilization of tertiary rhinology services correlated with income, race, and education level. Private insurance was not an independent factor. These results highlight social differences in determinants of access to tertiary otolaryngologic care.
An Excess of Positive Results: Comparing the Standard Psychology Literature With Registered Reports
Authors: Scheel Anne M. , Schijen Mitchell R. M. J. , Lakens Daniël
Published: April 2021

Selectively publishing results that support the tested hypotheses (“positive” results) distorts the available evidence for scientific claims. For the past decade, psychological scientists have been increasingly concerned about the degree of such distortion in their literature. A new publication format has been developed to prevent selective reporting: In Registered Reports (RRs), peer review and the decision to publish take place before results are known. We compared the results in published RRs ( N = 71 as of November 2018) with a random sample of hypothesis-testing studies from the standard literature ( N = 152) in psychology. Analyzing the first hypothesis of each article, we found 96% positive results in standard reports but only 44% positive results in RRs. We discuss possible explanations for this large difference and suggest that a plausible factor is the reduction of publication bias and/or Type I error inflation in the RR literature.