bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nematode gene annotation by machine-learning-assisted proteotranscriptomics enables proteome-wide evolutionary analysis
Authors: Ceron-Noriega Alejandro , Almeida Miguel V. , Levin Michal , Butter Falk
Published: January 2023

Nematodes encompass more than 24,000 described species, which were discovered in almost every ecological habitat, and make up >80% of metazoan taxonomic diversity in soils. The last common ancestor of nematodes is believed to date back to ∼650–750 million years, generating a large and phylogenetically diverse group to be explored. However, for most species high-quality gene annotations are incomprehensive or missing. Combining short-read RNA sequencing with mass spectrometry–based proteomics and machine-learning quality control in an approach called proteotranscriptomics, we improve gene annotations for nine genome-sequenced nematode species and provide new gene annotations for three additional species without genome assemblies. Emphasizing the sensitivity of our methodology, we provide evidence for two hitherto undescribed genes in the model organismCaenorhabditis elegans. Extensive phylogenetic systems analysis using this comprehensive proteome annotation provides new insights into evolutionary processes of this metazoan group.
X-ray studies of three 3,6-bis(pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine cocrystals: an unexpected molecular conformation stabilized by hydrogen bonds
Authors: Wzgarda-Raj Kinga , Dominikowska Justyna , Wojtulewski Sławomir , Rybarczyk-Pirek Agnieszka J.
Published: January 2023

The results of the X-ray structure analysis of three novel 3,6-bis(pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine cocrystals are presented. These are 3,6-bis(pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine–2,4,6-tribromophenol (1/2), C12H8N6·2C6H3Br3O, 3,6-bis(pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine–isonicotinic acid N-oxide (1/2), C12H8N6·2C6H5NO3, and 3,6-bis(pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine–4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide (1/1), C12H8N6·C6H6N2O4S. Special attention is paid to a conformational analysis of the title tetrazine molecule in known crystal structures. Quantum chemistry methods are used to compare the energetic parameters of the investigated conformations. A structural analysis of the hydrogen and halogen bonds with acceptor aromatic tetrazine and pyrazine rings is conducted in order to elucidate factors responsible for conformational stability.
One economy, but different growth regimes: why Germany’s rural east is still lagging
Authors: Margarian Anne , Hundt Christian
Published: January 2023

Purpose

This study aims to elucidate the quantitative and qualitative differences in employment development between German districts. Building on ideas from competitive development and resource-based theory, the paper particularly seeks to explain enduring East-West differences between rural regions by two different forms of competitive advantage: cost leadership and quality differentiation.

Design/methodology/approach

This study follows a two-step empirical approach: First, an extended shift-share regression is conducted to analyze employment development in Western and Eastern German districts between 2007 and 2016. Second, the competitive share effect and other individual terms of the shift-share model are further examined in additional regressions using regional economic characteristics as exogenous variables.

Findings

The findings suggest that the above-average employment growth of the rural districts in the West is owed to the successful exploitation of experience in manufacturing that has been gathered by firms in the past 100 years or so. While their strategy is largely based on advanced and specialized resources and an innovation-driven differentiation strategy, the relatively weak employment development of Eastern rural districts might be explained by a lack of comparable long-term experiences and the related need to focus on the exploitation of basic and general resources and, accordingly, on the efficiency-based strategy of cost leadership.

Originality/value

This study offers an in-depth empirical analysis of how the competitive share effect, i.e. region-specific resources beyond industry structure, contributes to regional employment development. The analysis reveals that quantitative differences in rural employment development are closely related to qualitatively different levels of input factors and different regimes of competitiveness.
Households’ willingness to adopt solar energy for business use in Uganda
Authors: Nabaweesi Jennifer , Kabuye Frank , Adaramola Muyiwa Samuel
Published: January 2023

Purpose

The adoption of solar energy by households is an important avenue of protecting the environment and enabling energy access in rural areas, especially in developing countries like Uganda, where energy access is low. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the factors that influence the households’ willingness to adopt solar photovoltaic (PV) energy and how soon the households are willing to adopt solar PV energy for business use in Uganda.

Design/methodology/approach

Heckman’s two-step selection model was used to determine the willingness and urgency of adopting solar PV energy for business use in selected districts in Eastern Uganda. The respondents were selected purposively at the household level at a given point in time.

Findings

Results show that sex, household head estimated income, mode of acquisition and repayment terms of solar technology positively influence both willingness and urgency to adopt solar energy for business use in households. However, financial disclosure only influences willingness to adopt solar. Then, age and energy need only significantly influence how soon the household is willing to adopt solar PV energy for business use.

Research limitations/implications

This study’s findings essentially apply to the individual factors that determine the willingness and urgency to adopt solar PV energy for business use by households. Hence, further research is needed to understand the external and industrial factors which could strengthen the predictive potential of the elements in this study.

Practical implications

This study underscores the need for regulatory enforcement on the supply and usage of quality, reliable and affordable solar equipment which are suitable for business use. Also, the need to promote and finance the usage of solar PV as a green energy source for household businesses has been emphasized.

Originality/value

The study simultaneously examines the willingness and urgency to adopt solar PV energy for household business purposes using Heckman’s two-step selection model. This has hitherto remained unknown empirically.
Use of debriefing following restrictive practices in forensic psychiatric care
Authors: Asikainen Jaana , Vehviläinen-Julkunen Katri , Repo-Tiihonen Eila , Louheranta Olavi
Published: January 2023

Purpose

Inpatient violence is a substantial problem in psychiatric wards and de-escalation is difficult. When managing instances of violence through verbal techniques fail, mental health-care staff may use restrictive practices. The Six Core Strategies and debriefing exist for managing violence and restrictive practices in different mental health settings. Debriefing is used to get patients’ views on restrictive practices, ensure proper patient care and strengthen the role of patients as experts. This study aims to provide new information on debriefing implementation and how debriefing was used among different patient groups in a forensic hospital.

Design/methodology/approach

Quantitative seclusion time and debriefing reports (n = 524) were examined with Poisson regression analysis. Fisher’s exact test was used to determine the associations between debriefing and seclusion/restraint.

Findings

Debriefing (n = 524) was provided in 93% of violent episodes, which is an excellent result on an international level. There was significant variation in how often debriefing was used (p < 0.001) among different patient groups, i.e. dangerous, difficult-to-treat patients and criminal offenders whose sentences have been waived. Previous debriefing research has rarely specified what types of psychiatric patients have been subjected to seclusion or restraint.

Practical implications

The implementation of debriefing requires multiprofessional work within the organization and wards.

Originality/value

Debriefing seems to stimulate reflection at every level of a health-care organization, which fosters learning and can ultimately change clinical practices. The use of debriefing can strengthen the role of patients as well as professionals.
Halal supply chain: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Rusydiana Aam Slamet , Irfany Mohammad Iqbal , As-Salafiyah Aisyah , Tieman Marco
Published: January 2023

Purpose

This paper aims to study research performance in halal supply chains. This study identifies the leading scholars, research themes and leading journals.

Design/methodology/approach

This study adopts the bibliometric method. A total of 228 research publications indexed by Scopus were analysed. The export data are then processed and analysed using the R Biblioshiny application program to find out the bibliometric map of the halal supply chain.

Findings

Research in halal supply chain has experienced fast growth since 2016, dominated by food-centric research by Malaysian universities. Research gaps are topics: halal procurement, halal clusters and halal value chain; industry: non-food; and countries: beyond Malaysia. Future expected halal supply chain trending research areas are: halal blockchains, halal supply chain management, halal performance, halal risk management and sustainability in halal supply chains.

Research limitations/implications

This research paper adopts a bibliometric method based on English publications on the halal supply chain theme from the Scopus database collected on November 1, 2021. Publications in local languages, as well as publications in non-academic journals, are being ignored in this research.

Practical implications

This study shows that halal supply chain management is an emerging requirement, is complex to manage for brand owners and needs new concepts and tools for halal industries to embrace a halal supply chain and value chain approach.

Originality/value

This study provides an objective evaluation of the research progress in halal supply chains; this study highlights the achievements and the research gaps and discusses the contribution to the scientific community.
Truces (re)construction at the boundaries of budgeting routines
Authors: Broman Samantha Luiza de Souza , Rocha-Pinto Sandra Regina da
Published: January 2023

Purpose

This study aims to contribute to routine dynamics literature and organization process practices. The main objective is to identify different ways organizational members (re)construct truces at the boundaries of budgeting routines where (re)plannings face scarce resources and, consequently, require modifications in routines.

Design/methodology/approach

The research adopted the phenomenographic theoretical-methodological approach to investigate from a process perspective. Twenty-two professionals from 17 companies were interviewed about their experiences with budgeting. Three conceptions and six explanatory dimensions were organized systematically on a conceptual map, which provided insights for three new propositions.

Findings

Three conceptions about truce (re)construction were found: “authority subjection” denotes an obedient behavior toward centralized orders for budget cuttings; “prudent assimilation” explains how some specific routines are preserved from resource reduction; and “participatory interactions” stand for exhaustive and participative efforts for negotiations beyond routine frontiers. Three theoretical propositions are also presented: “awareness of systemic complexity” may strengthen arguments for negotiations; “team’s collective configuration of relationship networks” reinforces collective attributes; and “social-based learning” may be developed through truce (re)construction.

Research limitations/implications

Jorgüen Sandberg, who brought the phenomenographic approach to Organization Studies in 2000, stances that it is not assured that conceptions cover all varied forms of the phenomenon.

Practical implications

Implementing these findings in organizations may improve commitment to ecology of routines and decentralized decisions with a sense of responsibility for financial plans.

Social implications

This study encourages transparency and ideas for cost-efficient resource use.

Originality/value

This study provides advance knowledge about truce in routines while encompassing its ecology.
A compressive review on different surface finishing of cotton fabrics
Authors: Enawgaw Haymanot
Published: January 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to give compiled information on previously applied cotton fabric surface modifications. The paper covered most of the modifications done on cotton fabric to improve its properties or to add some functional properties. The paper presented mostly studied research works that brought a significant surface improvement on cotton fabric.

Design/methodology/approach

Different previous works on surface modifications of cotton fabrics such as pilling, wrinkle and microbial resistance, hydrophobicity, cationization, flame retardancy and UV-protection characteristics were studied and their methods of modification including the main findings are well reported in this paper.

Findings

Several modification treatments on surface modification of cotton fabrics indicated an improvement in the desired properties in which the modification is needed. For instance, the pilling tendency, wrinkling, microbial degradation and UV degradation drawbacks of cotton fabric can be overcome through different modification techniques.

Originality/value

To the best of the author’s knowledge, there are no compressive documents that covered all the portions presented in this review. The author tried to cover the surface modifications done to improve the main properties of cotton fabric.
Sericin eco-friendly biomaterial as a spin finish in drawn textured PET yarn production
Authors: Zare Abolfazl
Published: January 2023

Purpose

This paper aims to extracted sericin from the cocoons of Bombyx mori silkworms, and sericin powder was applied onto drawn textured polyethylene terephthalate (PET) yarns as a spin finish. The reactivity on the surface of PET yarns was analyzed through Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry–attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) and dyeing with methylene blue as a reactive dye. Also, investigations were conducted on the effects of sericin, citrc acid (CA) (as a crosslinking agent), and sodium hypophosphite (as a catalyst) concentrations on some properties of false-twist textured PET yarns.

Design/methodology/approach

A false-twist texturing machine (Scragg-Shirley minibulk, England) was used with the draw ratio of 1.05, heating temperature of 120°C, texturing speed of 100 m min−1 and applied twist of 3,000 TPM. The aqueous extraction of sericin was carried out by the boiling of the raw silk in distilled water with L:R: 40:1 for 120 min. The aqueous solution was filtered with a filter paper to remove the impurities and insoluble fibroin. Finally, the sericin solution was freeze-dried to obtain the sericin powder. The sericin solution was applied on the drawn textured PET yarns using the “pad-dry-cure” method.

Findings

Sericin fixation onto the PET yarns was confirmed by FTIR-ATR. The results showed that there were no significant changes in the tensile strength, linear density, crimp contraction and crimp modulus, elongation at break and shrinkage. In contrast, a substantial increase was observed in moisture regain, vertical wicking, dye uptake and ultraviolet protection. There was also a reduction just in the electrical resistivity, in the presence of sericin.

Originality/value

Although sericin has been known to have numerous beneficial properties, its application in textile industry as a spin finish has not been reported yet.
Hair loss after drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS): A multicentric retrospective case series
Authors: Lee Ji Won , Yu Da‐Ae , Cho Soyun , Youn Sang Woong , Kwon Ohsang
Published: January 2023

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a severe cutaneous drug adverse reaction characterized by various cutaneous and systemic manifestations. However, reports on the various patterns of alopecia after DRESS are lacking. Thus, we aimed to describe cases of alopecia after DRESS and review the literature. This multicentric retrospective study reviewed the records of 182 patients diagnosed with DRESS from 2009 to 2021; of these, 10 who had alopecia after DRESS were included. Patients were diagnosed with permanent alopecia (n = 4), telogen effluvium (n = 5), and alopecia areata (n = 1), and were treated with topical minoxidil or alfatradiol (6; 60%), topical corticosteroids (3; 30%), dietary supplements (6; 60%), systemic corticosteroids (1; 10%), and intralesional corticosteroid injection (2; 20%). Although patients with permanent alopecia did not show hair regrowth after 6 months, those with telogen effluvium and alopecia areata experienced marked clinical improvement within 6 months. Various types of alopecia can persist over an extended period, even after the resolution of an acute episode of DRESS.
Trichoblastic carcinosarcoma of the neck: Case report and molecular analysis of a seldom, relapsing entity and a review of the literature
Authors: Weiland Thomas , Sadoghi Birgit , Pondorfer Prisca , Kiss Peter , Brcic Iva , Thurnher Dietmar
Published: January 2023

Trichoblastic carcinosarcoma is a seldom biphasic adnexal tumor with malignant epithelial and mesenchymal components. The authors report the first tumor on the neck developed from preexistent trichoblastoma showing aggressive, recurrent behavior. An 82‐year‐old man presented with a solitary 3‐cm exophytic lesion. Histology verified the diagnosis of trichoblastic carcinosarcoma. Four years earlier, a trichoblastic carcinoma arising in a preexisting trichoblastoma was excised at the same location. Despite successful surgical treatments, three local recurrences within 4 years were diagnosed. After the second relapse, the patient agreed on adjuvant radiation. Twelve months later, another relapse was excised in toto. In the last surgical specimen, only the mesenchymal component was found. Copy number variation analysis of the preexisting tumor and two recurrences revealed the same entity and additional chromosomal aberrations in the recurrences. Adnexal carcinosarcomas are seldom, yet presumably underdiagnosed biphasic tumors with aggressive growth potential. They should have adequate preoperative clarification with wide tumor excision, as radiosensitivity seems to be of limited effect.
Best practices for LGBTQ+ inclusion during ecological fieldwork: Considering safety, cis/heteronormativity and structural barriers
Authors: Coon Jaime J. , Alexander Nathan B. , Smith Emmett M. , Spellman Madeleine , Klimasmith Isaac M. , Allen‐Custodio Lucas T. , Clarkberg Thea E. , Lynch Loren , Knutson Douglas , Fountain Kae , Rivera Michael , Scherz Maxine , Morrow Leslie K.
Published: January 2023

LGBTQ+ individuals face unique barriers to participation in ecology. Such barriers are particularly relevant during fieldwork, including physical and discriminatory risks, increased isolation and noninclusive infrastructure.

To make science and fieldwork more accessible to LGBTQ+ people, we must consider safety and survival needs along with personal LGBTQ+ affirmation. In this paper, we discuss alleviating barriers to participation in field ecology, identify best practices for institutions and provide advice for LGBTQ+ field researchers and heterosexual advocates.

Synthesis and applications. We recommend that mentors and institutions take action on the safety, financial, medical and administrative support needed by field researchers who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, queer or other marginalized gender and sexual identities (LGBTQ+) field researchers. We also suggest that LGBTQ+ field ecologists prioritize their wellbeing and safety, and recommend maintaining connection to LGBTQ+ communities and identities during isolating fieldwork.
The Centre Ground Hypothesis and the Shape of Public Opinion
Authors: Tiratelli Matteo
Published: January 2023

This article takes issue with the widespread assumption that most people hold moderate political opinions on most issues. Tracing the historical conditions and theoretical assumptions that underpin that idea and testing it against polling from Britain, the author shows that—across economic, social and international affairs—the centre ground is not where most people are at.
Surgical results of using the Ommaya reservoir system for the management of cystic craniopharyngiomas: A retrospective single‐centre experience
Authors: Mohamed Mohamed Salah , Shalaby Ahmed Mohammad Alaa Eldin
Published: January 2023

Background

The management options for cystic craniopharyngioma (CP) are controversial. Surgical resection (gross or partial), radiotherapy, chemotherapy, cyst aspiration, and Ommaya reservoir system (ORS) implantations are the options for management that are used individually or in combination, but the ideal treatment is unclear.

Objective

We aimed to investigate the functional outcomes and the complications of Ommaya reservoir system (ORS) insertion as a treatment option for cystic CP.

Methods

Between January 2018 and January 2020, 12 patients with enhanced cystic CP were treated by cyst fenestration and aspiration on the day of surgery, and an ORS was inserted. The period between the procedure time and the last outpatient visit was considered the follow‐up period.

Results

The main presenting symptoms were increased intracranial pressure, visual defects, and hormonal changes. The clinical symptoms improved, and the tumour cysts appeared to stabilize after catheter placement without the need for repeated aspirations; of the 12 patients included, only one case needed re‐aspiration. The eight patients who had signs of increased intracranial pressure reported resolved symptoms (100%). Of the 12 patients, seven and six patients showed improved visual acuity and improved visual field defect.

Conclusion

Cyst fenestration and insertion of ORS is a safe and effective treatment option for cystic CP. ORS can be used in de novo cases as a treatment option alone without further invasive treatment to alleviate symptoms and improve clinical status, especially the visual changes.
Mapping the frontiers of private property in New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Rogers Dallas , Leach Andrew , Ludewig Jasper , Thorpe Amelia , Troy Laurence
Published: January 2023

This article addresses the process and patterns by which private property has been applied on the Australian continent. Alongside both lease‐holdings that are limited by term or perpetual and squatting practices, identifying and documenting private property in both individual cases and in aggregate over a large geography offers a compelling approximation of the appearance and spread of British–Australian settlement. Plots and patterns of private land ownership can be read in relation to other forms of land use and tenure each subject to specific historical legal instruments and definitions. We explore how, in particular, the first‐generation alienation of private property might be constructed, represented, and theorised using a critical approach to GIS tools and practices. What technical considerations are required to identify the extent of a site and map its transfer into private hands? How far can the process of mapping the initial alienation of parcels of Crown land over time expose legacies of colonial practices in present‐day methods and serve as a testbed to generate other layers that capture, for instance, patterns of informal privatisation or interact with other phenomena—most notably that of frontier violence—that likewise occur on land, in time? Such work can be located among those wrestling with problems of mapping colonial land occupation with technologies that share a heritage with the surveying tools that allowed that same acquisition and can enhance a critical approach to GIS in relation to appropriation and dispossession of Aboriginal land.
Effects of kojic acid on changes in the microstructure and myofibrillar protein of duck meat during superchilled storage
Authors: Hou Wenfu , Lin Yile , Zhang Yujie , Liu Tingting , Du Juan , Yi Yang , Wang Hongxun
Published: January 2023

This study investigated the effect of 0.8% (m/v) kojic acid treatment on changes in the microstructure and myofibrillar protein of duck meat covered with oxygen‐permeable polyvinylchloride (PVC) film (9 ± 0.5 µM) during superchilled storage (−1.65 ± 0.5°C). The superchilled samples exhibited wider gaps between muscle fibers at 5 weeks storage compared with kojic acid–treated groups. Based on the variation of water status, the water‐holding capacity decreased significantly (p < 0.05), and bound water and immobilized water were gradually converted into free water during superchilled storage. For kojic acid–treated samples, however, no major changes were observed with respect to muscle structure, water status, and protein degradation at 6 weeks. The 0.8% (m/v) kojic acid treatment increased the water‐holding capacity, reduced carbonyl content and protein degradation, and decreased the α‐helix contents loss of myofibrillar proteins. Kojic acid treatment effectively protected myofibrillar protein structure from being destroyed during superchilled storage, suggesting that this method was a good way to reduce protein oxidation and prolonged its shelf life.
Anti‐inflammatory properties of an aldehydes‐enriched fraction of grapefruit essential oil
Authors: Nikolic Dragana , Bosco Liana , Moschetti Marta , Tinnirello Vincenza , Pucci Marzia , Corleone Valeria , Raimondo Stefania , Alessandro Riccardo , Fontana Simona
Published: January 2023

Chronic inflammation is linked to the development of numerous diseases and is accompanied by increased cytokine secretion. Macrophages provide a first line of defense against pathogens that under inflammatory stimuli release pro‐inflammatory cytokines. The essential oil (EO) fractions obtained from Citrus spp. rich in different compounds have gained the attention of both researchers and users during the last decades. In particular, grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) peel is rich in phenolics and flavonoids with several health benefits, including anti‐inflammatory actions. Additionally, its EO consists of a large number of compounds such as monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, alcohols, aldehydes, esters, and oxides. Among the methods for encapsulating EOs, spray‐drying is the main one. In the present study, we aimed to determine the in vitro anti‐inflammatory activity of EO from C. paradisi (grapefruit essential oil [GEO]) (whole and fractions) in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced inflammation model. Results indicate that Fr‐GEO and Fr‐GEO_SD exert protective effects against LPS‐induced inflammation by decreasing gene expression and levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines as IL‐6 and TNF‐α. Monoterpenes as the most common components, as well as aldehydes and sesquiterpenes, might be responsible for such effects, although a synergistic action is not excluded. Furthermore, a higher percent of aldehydes is linked to improved olfactory properties. Our findings support the anti‐inflammatory effects of selected Fr‐GEO with a great potential for the development of new nutraceuticals and/or functional food for the treatment of inflammatory‐associated diseases.

Practical Application

The findings of this study support the anti‐inflammatory effects of selected Fr‐GEO with a great potential for the development of new nutraceuticals and/or functional food for the treatment of inflammatory‐associated diseases.
“Celebrities to lean on!” Perceived celebrity support across two cultures—Iran and the United States
Authors: Shabahang Reza , Aruguete Mara S. , Shim Hyejin , Huynh Ho Phi , Mokhtari Chirani Benyamin
Published: January 2023

Though many people loathe celebrities and their lifestyles, celebrities can also be perceived as being available to provide community support. The purpose of this study was to establish the psychometric properties of the Perceived Celebrity Support Inventory. The scale was developed to capture three aspects of perceived celebrity support to the community: instrumental (i.e., providing tangible and concrete assistance), informational (i.e., advice, explanation, and information), and emotional (i.e., empathizing, encouraging, listening, and comforting) support. Factor and item analyses have revealed robust psychometric properties in samples drawn from the United States (US) and Iran. The US sample perceived higher community support from celebrities than the Iranian sample. In the Iranian sample, perceived celebrity support for the community was associated with more positive attitudes and less hatred of celebrity culture. In the US, perceived celebrity support was associated with negative attitudes and elevated hatred towards celebrities. The findings advance the literature by providing an instrument with which to measure positive aspects of celebrity influence across cultures.
Infection with Neoehrlichia mikurensis promotes the development of malignant B‐cell lymphomas
Authors: Wennerås Christine , Aranburu Alaitz , Wass Linda , Grankvist Anna , Staffas Anna , Soboli Anastasia , Mårtensson Inga‐Lill , Fogelstrand Linda , Lewerin Catharina
Published: January 2023

The tick‐borne pathogen Neoehrlichia (N.) mikurensis is implicated in persistent infection of the vascular endothelium. B cells are crucial for the host defence to this infection. Chronic stimulation of B cells may result in B‐cell transformation and lymphoma. Five patients with malignant B‐cell lymphoma and concomitant N. mikurensis infection were investigated regarding clinical picture, lymphoma subtype, B‐cell lymphoma immunophenotype and IGHV (variable region of the immunoglobulin heavy) gene repertoire. Three of the five patients improved markedly and ceased lymphoma treatment after doxycycline treatment to eliminate N. mikurensis. Sequencing the B‐cell lymphoma IGHV genes revealed preferred usage of the IGHV1 (IGHV1‐2, and ‐69) and IGHV3 (IGHV3‐15, ‐21, ‐23) families. In conclusion, N. mikurensis infection may drive the development of malignant B‐cell lymphomas. Eradication of the pathogen appears to induce remission with apparent curing of the lymphoma in some cases.
Small vessel disease burden predicts functional outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke using machine learning
Authors: Wang Xueyang , Lyu Jinhao , Meng Zhihua , Wu Xiaoyan , Chen Wen , Wang Guohua , Niu Qingliang , Li Xin , Bian Yitong , Han Dan , Guo Weiting , Yang Shuai , Bian Xiangbing , Lan Yina , Wang Liuxian , Duan Qi , Zhang Tingyang , Duan Caohui , Tian Chenglin , Chen Ling , Lou Xin ,   the MR‐STARS Investigators
Published: January 2023

Aims

Our purpose is to assess the role of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) in prediction models in patients with different subtypes of acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

Methods

We enrolled 398 small‐vessel occlusion (SVO) and 175 large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) AIS patients. Functional outcomes were assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 90 days. MRI was performed to assess white matter hyperintensity (WMH), perivascular space (PVS), lacune, and cerebral microbleed (CMB). Logistic regression (LR) and machine learning (ML) were used to develop predictive models to assess the influences of SVD on the prognosis.

Results

In the feature evaluation of SVO‐AIS for different outcomes, the modified total SVD score (Gain: 0.38, 0.28) has the maximum weight, and periventricular WMH (Gain: 0.07, 0.09) was more important than deep WMH (Gain: 0.01, 0.01) in prognosis. In SVO‐AIS, SVD performed better than regular clinical data, which is the opposite of LAA‐AIS. Among all models, eXtreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) method with optimal index (OI) has the best performance to predict excellent outcome in SVO‐AIS. [0.91 (0.84–0.97)].

Conclusions

Our results revealed that different SVD markers had distinct prognostic weights in AIS patients, and SVD burden alone may accurately predict the SVO‐AIS patients' prognosis.
Homemade endoscopic vacuum therapy device for the management of transmural gastrointestinal defects
Authors: de Moura Diogo Turiani Hourneaux , Hirsch Bruno Salomão , McCarty Thomas R. , Lera dos Santos Marcos Eduardo , Guedes Hugo Gonçalo , Gomes Guilherme Francisco , de Medeiros Flaubert Sena , de Moura Eduardo Guimarães Hourneaux
Published: January 2023

Objectives

Endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT) possesses a unique mechanism of action providing a less invasive alternative for the management of transmural gastrointestinal defects (TGID). This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of a novel homemade EVT (H‐EVT) for the treatment of TGID.

Methods

Retrospective multicenter study including patients who underwent H‐EVT for TGID between January 2019 and January 2022. Main outcomes included technical and clinical success as well as safety outcomes. Subgroup analyses were included by defect location and classification. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine predictors for successful closure.

Results

A total of 144 patients were included. Technical success was achieved in all patients, with clinical success achieved in 88.89% after a mean of 3.49 H‐EVT exchanges over an average of 23.51 days. After excluding 10 cases wherein it was not possible to achieve negative pressure, successful closure occurred in 95.52% of patients. Time to clinical success was less for defects caused by endoscopic (hazard ratio [HR] 0.63; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.33–1.20) compared to surgical procedures and for patients with simultaneous intracavitary and intraluminal H‐EVT placement (HR 0.70; 95% CI 0.55–0.91). Location and classification of defect did not impact clinical success rate. Simultaneous placement of both an intraluminal and intracavitary H‐EVT (odds ratio 3.08; 95% CI 1.19–7.95) was a significant predictor of clinical success. Three device‐related adverse events (2.08%) occurred.

Conclusions

The use of the H‐EVT is feasible, safe, and effective for the management of TGID.
Adaptive programming and going with the grain: IMAGINE's new water governance model in Goma, DRC
Authors: Kirk Tom , Green Duncan , Stys Patrycja , Mosquera Tom
Published: January 2023

Motivation

This article explores adaptive approaches to development programmes that aim at improving service provision in underperforming sectors in fragile and conflict‐affected states (FCAS). It does this through a case study of the IMAGINE (Integrated Maji Infrastructure and Governance Initiative for Eastern Congo) public‐private partnership model for water provision in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).

Purpose

The processes and decisions that culminated in the model used for IMAGINE emphasize the need for programming that is culturally and politically aware, responsive to events, learns in real‐time, is entrepreneurial, and works with the grain of local institutions to support change. Detailed case studies of such ways of working are crucial for programmes that seek to challenge and reform the status quo in FCAS.

Methods and approach

The article is based on 42 semi‐structured interviews conducted in the summers of 2019 and 2020. They reflect the broad spectrum of actors—individuals, public authorities, and organizations—involved in IMAGINE's evolution.

Findings

The narrative focuses on IMAGINE's attempts to professionalize and commercialize Goma's water sector. It shows how, as IMAGINE repeatedly adapted to ground realities, it took on the characteristics of a public authority, thereby, engendering backlashes that threated its longer‐term goals. However, by revisiting its initial values and logics it was able to get things done and achieve its aims.

Policy implications

IMAGINE's story suggests that adaptive programmes should put politically savvy local development professionals in key positions and enable them to carefully construct coalitions of allies across the systems they aim to disrupt. This may also require them to revisit and adapt their initial ideas, guiding principles, and values as greater understandings of development problems are gained. A public authorities approach, attuned to the logics that programmes seek to address and introduce to FCAS, may help analysts to focus on the implications of such adaptations.
Towards an understanding of help‐seeking behaviour for disordered eating: Refinement of a barriers to help‐seeking measure
Authors: Radunz Marcela , Wade Tracey D.
Published: January 2023

Aim

Early intervention in eating disorders (EDs) is hampered by a lack of validated measures of barriers to treatment seeking. The present study examined the factor structure of the Perceived Barriers to Psychological Treatment scale (PBPT) and a combination of PBPT and Barriers to Seeking Help for ED items (BATSH‐ED) with respect to treatment‐seeking for an ED.

Method

Participants were 456 female university students aged 17–25 reporting a wide range of disordered eating severity. Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted with the whole sample followed by correlational and regression analyses with a high‐risk sample to assess validity of the selected questionnaire items.

Results

Four models were tested. First, we replicated the original PBPT 8‐factor structure in our sample with comparable fit indices. Second, the addition of six ED items comprising a Denial and Ambivalence subscale improved model fit. Third and fourth, when only significant subscales predicting treatment seeking were retained, with removal of items with weak loadings, a 15‐item six‐factor solution provided a best fit. A range of psychosocial measures had relationships in the expected directions with the questionnaire subscales. In addition to disordered eating, the denial subscale was uniquely associated with treatment seeking.

Conclusions

While the present study contributes to refining the assessment of barriers to help‐seeking, future studies should consider co‐design with lived experience to further improve the model fit of the questionnaire and improve predictiveness of help‐seeking.
Tangible pasts: Memory practices among children and adolescents in Germany, an affect‐theoretical approach
Authors: Röttger‐Rössler Birgitt , Seise Franziska
Published: January 2023

This article highlights the ontogeny of autobiographical memory and its sociocultural foundations as an important and underrepresented field of research in psychological anthropology. It discusses the results of an explorative photovoice study on the emotional experiences of children and adolescents. Our study discovered that memory practices play a major role in young people's daily lives. Participants often referred to emotionally significant past events, relationships, or life periods by relating them to particular memory objects. We assume that the material dimension of children's memory practices not only facilitates an affective engagement with the past but also makes past experiences communicable to oneself and to others. The memory objects used by our research participants were linked in substantial ways to culturally specific modes of remembering, (auto)biographical narration, and theformation of feelingamong adolescents. In discussing broader implications of our results, we draw on insights from developmental psychology, affect and emotion theory, and social anthropological research on memory and materiality. We conclude with a brief comparative look at memory practices in the Indonesian context to hint at a significant field of cross‐cultural research that opens at the intersection of studies on material culture, memory practices, (auto)biographical remembering and narrating, and the formation of feeling.
A deep feature fusion and selection‐based retinal eye disease detection from OCT images
Authors: Umer Muhammad Junaid , Sharif Muhammad , Raza Mudassar , Kadry Seifedine
Published: January 2023

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is one of the principal imaging modalities for retinal eye disease detection and classification. Different retinal eye diseases are the leading cause of blindness that can be overcome by early detection. However, ophthalmologists are currently carrying out retinal eye disease detection manually with the help of OCT images that may be erroneous and subjective. Different methods have been presented to automate the manual retinal eye disease detection process that needs further improvement in detection accuracy. This research proposed an automatic method for retinal eye disease detection and classification from OCT images using fusion and selection techniques. First, the modified‐Alexnet and ResNet‐50 are utilized for deep feature vector extraction. In the next step, these vectors are fused serially and rectified by the proposed feature selection framework and passed as input to different machine learning classifiers for retinal disease diagnosis. For this purpose, a publicly available dataset of retinal eye diseases with four classes is utilized. The proposed retinal eye disease detection method achieved an overall average accuracy index of greater than 99.95%, higher than the top one in the literature, that is, 99.39%. Experimental results authenticated that the proposed retinal eye disease detection methodology can reliably be used for automatic eye disease detection from OCT images. Furthermore, the proposed deep feature and selection‐based retinal eye disease detection methodology achieved state‐of‐the‐art performance.
Trading under uncertainty about other market participants
Authors: Papadimitriou Dimitris
Published: January 2023

I present an asymmetric information model of financial markets in which there is uncertainty and learning not only about fundamentals but also about the proportion of informed‐to‐noise traders in the market. Extreme news leads to an increase in both types of uncertainty, while it decreases price informativeness. Uncertainty about the market composition constitutes a type of liquidity risk and is associated with high expected returns. The resulting price–volume relationship is U‐shaped and positively sloped. In a dynamic extension of the model I show that this mechanism generates momentum as well as history‐dependent volatility and price informativeness.
New Reference Materials, Analytical Procedures and Data Reduction Strategies for Sr Isotope Measurements in Geological Materials by LA‐MC‐ICP‐MS
Authors: Mulder Jacob , Hagen‐Peter Graham , Ubide Teresa , Andreasen Rasmus , Kooijman Ellen , Kielman‐Schmitt Melanie , Feng Yue‐Xing , Paul Bence , Karlsson Andreas , Tegner Christian , Lesher Charles , Costa Fidel
Published: January 2023

Laser ablation multi‐collector mass spectrometry (LA‐MC‐ICP‐MS) has emerged as the technique of choice for in situ measurements of Sr isotopes in geological minerals. However, the method poses analytical challenges and there is no widely adopted standardised approach to collecting these data or correcting the numerous potential isobaric inferences. Here, we outline practical analytical procedures and data reduction strategies to help establish a consistent framework for collecting and correcting Sr isotope measurements in geological materials by LA‐MC‐ICP‐MS. We characterise a new set of plagioclase reference materials, which are available for distribution to the community, and present a new data reduction scheme for the Iolite software package to correct isobaric interferences for different materials and analytical conditions. Our tests show that a combination of Kr‐baseline subtraction, Rb‐peak‐stripping using βRb derived from a bracketing glass reference material, and a CaCa or CaAr correction for plagioclase and CaCa or CaAr + REE2+ correction for rock glasses, yields the most accurate and precise 87Sr/86Sr measurements for these materials. Using the analytical and correction procedures outlined herein, spot analyses using a beam diameter of 100 μm or rastering with a 50–65 μm diameter beam can readily achieve < 100 ppm 2SE repeatability ("internal") precision for 87Sr/86Sr measurements for materials with < 1000 μg g‐1 Sr.
Infodemiology of cluster headache seasonality: A proof of concept by a Google Trends analysis
Authors: Silvestro Marcello , Orologio Ilaria , Tartaglione Lorenzo , Sozio Pasquale , Siciliano Mattia , Trojsi Francesca , Tessitore Alessandro , Tedeschi Gioacchino , Russo Antonio
Published: January 2023

Background

Cluster headache is commonly reported to follow an annual pattern with a peak in the spring and a second peak in autumn. Patients with headache frequently use search engines, such as Google, to look for terms related to their disease, creating trend data that can be analyzed with Google Trends. Indeed, Google Trends has been used for surveillance studies and can provide indirect estimates of the burden of diseases and symptoms. The present cross‐sectional study investigated the seasonality of searches for “cluster headache” in the northern and southern hemispheres using 10 years of Google Trends data.

Methods

The term “cluster headache” or its translation in the 10 most spoken languages in the world was searched on Google Trends to obtain relative search volumes (from 0 to 100), in order to compare variations in searches across periods. Twenty‐eight countries were selected according to the following criteria: (1) a relative search volume of >40 for the term for cluster headache; and (2) a population of at least 5 million inhabitants. For statistical purposes, countries were grouped in relation to hemisphere (northern or southern). Relative search volumes were extracted from January 2012 to January 2022 and analyzed according to two subgroups based on meteorological seasons (summer and winter vs. spring and autumn).

Results

A seasonal trend for in searches for cluster headache was found worldwide exhibiting higher relative search volumes in spring and autumn compared with summer and winter (17 [0, 39] vs. 13 [0, 37]; p = 0.016).

Conclusion

Higher search volumes for the term during the meteorological seasons of spring and autumn clearly reflect a circannual pattern of cluster headache occurrence, representing new evidence for its seasonality.
Symptomatic visual snow in acute ischemic stroke: A case series
Authors: Scutelnic Adrian , Slavova Nedelina , Klein Antonia , Horvath Thomas , de Beukelaer Sophie A. L. , Arnold Marcel , Jung Simon , Schankin Christoph J.
Published: January 2023

Visual snow is the main symptom of visual snow syndrome, a disorder of predominantly visual disturbances initially described in patients without abnormalities on ancillary investigations. We present a case series of patients with visual snow in the setting of acute ischemic stroke. The first and second patient reported previous episodic visual snow with migraine attacks. The third patient experienced visual snow for the first time during the ischemic stroke. In the first patient, the ischemic stroke affected the right and left precuneus and the right lingual gyrus. In the second patient, the ischemic stroke was located in the left lingual gyrus, parts of the left fusiform and parahippocampal gyrus, left dorso‐lateral thalamus, and left cerebellar hemisphere. In the third patient, occipital pole, trunk of the corpus callosum on the right, right paramedian pons, right cerebellar hemisphere, and vermis were affected. Our case series indicates that the symptom visual snow can be caused by vascular lesions in areas of visual processing. Because patients did not meet criteria for visual snow syndrome, dysfunction in the affected areas might only explain part of the complex pathophysiology of visual snow syndrome.