bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ÁGUA: UMA PROPOSTA DE ENSINO NA PERSPECTIVA DA PEDAGOGIA HISTÓRICO-CRÍTICA
Authors: Dutra Pinheiro Câmara Débora , Farias Maria de Fátima , Capiberibe Nunes Clair de Luma , Pereira de Queirós Wellington
Published: August 2023

Este artigo propõe uma sequência didática para o ensino da temática água a partir da Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica (PHC). Fundamentada na teoria histórico-crítica e no materialismo histórico-dialético, a PHC compreende o desenvolvimento do gênero humano como movimento histórico, não linear e contraditório. Dessa forma, o ensino da água não se limita, como na pedagogia tradicional, à transmissão mecânica e descontextualizada dos conteúdos, mas fundamenta-se na construção dos conhecimentos a partir do contexto histórico, social, ambiental, político e cultural. Para tanto, utilizamos os passos descritos por Saviani e Gasparin ao proporem uma didática para a PHC baseada em cinco momentos: prática social inicial, problematização, instrumentalização, catarse e prática social final. Para subsidiar essa proposta, apresentamos um breve histórico das concepções, usos e conceitos relacionados à água ao longo do tempo e uma discussão acerca das questões socioambientais, a partir de uma perspectiva progressista. Buscamos assim, contribuir com um ensino que favoreça a objetivação e a apropriação para si, comprometido com a formação crítica e autônoma dos indivíduos e coletivos, capaz de promover a transformação social.
UMA PROPOSTA INTERDISCIPLINAR PARA O ENSINO DE QUÍMICA E BIOLOGIA
Authors: Serpa Cardoso Fernanda , Lopes Conceição Alfredo Weberton , Da Silva Christianes André Luiz , Dias Azevedo Gustavo , Alves Nogueira Sonia Regina
Published: August 2023

Presente em diversos documentos que norteiam a educação brasileira, a interdisciplinaridade ainda é pouco explorada na educação básica, sobretudo no que concerne ao ensino de ciências da natureza. Além disso, a nítida separação entre o que é ensinado e sua aplicação no contexto social que os educandos se encontram inseridos é um empecilho a formação cidadã do indivíduo, a ser promovida também por essas disciplinas. Nesse sentido, com o objetivo promover a análise crítica do mundo e contribuir para a formação de sujeitos de direito, capazes de desnaturalizar as violações de direito presentes no cotidiano e reivindicar seus direitos, desenvolveu-se uma estratégia didático-pedagógica interdisciplinar, para o ensino de química e biologia, usando como elemento norteador o tema saúde. No presente trabalho são apresentados os andamentos pedagógicos com as diversas atividades a serem realizadas com alunos em dez aulas, de 50 minutos, de química e onze de biologia.  As atividades de pesquisa orientada, experimentação, observação das vizinhanças escolares e domiciliares, que também exploram características do ambiente sociocultural de estudantes do Ensino Médio, podem ser adaptadas às diferentes realidades em que se encontrarem aqueles que dela participarem. Foram planejadas para promover o diálogo e proporcionar o desenvolvimento de múltiplas habilidades e competências, como a análise crítica de fontes e materiais imagéticos, audiovisuais e textuais, bem como das condições de vida dos educandos, seus familiares e vizinhos, assim como promover reflexões acerca do direito à saúde e capacitar os estudantes a reivindicá-lo.
ENSINO JURÍDICO PARTICIPATIVO DURANTE A PANDEMIA DA COVID-19:
Authors: Relvão Caetano João Carlos , Silveira Bedê Fayga , Rocha de Almeida Leinad , Rocha Santos Mateus
Published: August 2023

Por meio de pesquisa qualitativa triangulada, professores e monitores descrevem e analisam estratégias concretas, empregadas no ambiente virtual, em prol de um ensino jurídico mais participativo, com foco em competências e habilidades. O estudo parte da premissa de que o modelo tradicional de ensino, de caráter estritamente expositivo, não contempla asnecessidades de formação dos futuros profissionais do Direito. O problema de pesquisa diz respeito às dificuldades práticas dos professores ante o modelo participativo, seja porque não tiveram contato prévio com metodologias ativas quando foram alunos de Direito, seja porque não sabem como adotá-las no novo contexto das salas de aula virtuais. A pergunta de partidaque move a pesquisa de campo pode ser assim resumida: como obter um bom nível de engajamento por parte dos alunos, com foco no desenvolvimento de suas competências e habilidades, no contexto de aulas virtuais ocorridas a partir da pandemia de Covid-19? Os achados foram selecionados com base em experiências reais, conduzidas pelos autores, e foramrelatados a fim de compartilhar as estratégias mais significativas com o público interessado.
Estilos de liderazgo de directivos universitarios en Colombia: un análisis del género, la experiencia y el tipo de institución
Authors: Bedoya Dorado Cristian , García Solarte Mónica , Gómez Cano Angélica María
Published: August 2023

Objetivo: determinar empíricamente si, variables como el género, la antigüedad en el cargo y el tipo de instituciones de educación superior, promueven los estilos de liderazgo de directivos universitarios en Colombia.
Diseño/metodología: se aplicó el cuestionario multifactorial de liderazgo (MLQ) a una muestra de 272 directivos universitarios de veinticuatro ciudades colombianas, de las cuales el 60% son privadas y, el 40% restante, públicas. Los datos fueron analizados mediante la prueba t de Student para muestras independientes, y las hipótesis se probaron por medio de modelos ajustados de regresión lineal.
Resultados: se evidenció un predominio del liderazgo transformacional de los directivos universitarios sin importar su género y tipo de institución. No se presentan diferencias estadísticamente significativas cuando se comparan los estilos de liderazgo de los directivos según el género y el tipo de institución. Se encontró que la antigüedad en el cargo promueve el estilo de liderazgo transaccional y laissez faire.
Conclusiones: si bien, tanto hombres como mujeres pueden ejercer los mismos estilos de liderazgo indistintamente del tipo de institución, es necesario investigar otras variables del perfil ocupacional de los directivos y de las demandas del sector de la educación superior para comprender el modo en el que se configuran los estilos de liderazgo y su efectividad.
Originalidad: el estudio extiende el análisis de los estilos de liderazgo a características biográficas y del contexto de trabajo, como lo son el género, la antigüedad en el cargo y el tipo de institución en donde se ejerce el rol de dirección universitaria, variables poco exploradas en el contexto colombiano.
Kesulitan Siswa dalam Pemecahan Masalah Soal Cerita Matematika Dilihat dari Adversity Quotient (AQ)
Authors: Bruno Antonius , Qohar Abd. , Susanto Hery , Permadi Hendro
Published: August 2023

Pemecahan masalah merupakan salah satu tujuan utama dalam pembelajaran matematika dan dapat diwujudkan dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan kesulitan pada siswa climbers, campers dan quitters dalam memecahkan masalah matematika bentuk soal cerita berdasarkan langkah Polya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan desain pendekatan studi kasus. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah peneliti sendiri serta instrumen pendukungnya yaitu angket, tes pemecahan masalah, dan wawancara. Populasi dalam penelitian ini siswa/i SMPK Mardi Wiyata Malang kelas VIII B yang diambil 6 subyek (2 siswa Climber, 2 siswa Camper dan 2 siswa Quitter) berdasarkan hasil data angket Adversity Response Profile (ARP). Hasil dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari kesulitan siswa climber dalam menyelesaikan pemecahan masalah yaitu kesulitan menyelesaikan dan membuat kesimpulan dari masalah. Kesulitan siswa camper dalam menyelesaikan pemecahan masalah yaitu kesulitan merencanakan strategi penyelesaian masalah, menyelesaikan masalah serta menarik kesimpulan dari masalah yang diberikan. Kesulitan siswa quitter dalam menyelesaikan pemecahan masalah yaitu kesulitan dalam memahami masalah, merencanakan solusi penyelesaian, melakukan penyelesaian serta menarik kesimpulan dari masalah yang diberikan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian siswa dengan kategori quitter memiliki kemampuan terendah dalam proses pemecahan masalah. Karenanya perlu adanya penelitian lebih lanjut untuk meningkatkan motivasi serta minat belajar siswa yang tergolong dalam kategori quitter.
Analysis of the Types of Student Error in Solving Mathematical Problems based on the Anderson’s Taxonomy
Authors: Purnamayanthi Komang Tri , Suparta I Nengah , Suweken Gde
Published: August 2023

This study analyzed student errors in answering questions with levels C1-C6 based on Anderson's taxonomy on the topic of a three-variable system of linear equations. The research was conducted with a descriptive qualitative approach in which the data were collected through test and interviews by taking 30 tenth grade students at Santo Joseph Senior High School Denpasar as the subjects. Students were given 6 math problems, which were then analyzed for errors and followed by interviewing students to find the cause of their errors. The results of the percentage of student errors based on the type of error were incomplete answers at 46.8%, technical errors at 25.5%, errors in understanding the previous material at 16.6%, language misinterpretation at 5.5%, data misuse at 4.5%, and unverified solutions at 1.1%. From the results of the interviews, it was found that the causes of the errors were poor time management, low motivation to try to solve problems, not understanding the problem, not doing re-examination, being careless, errors in assuming that occurred due to students' spontaneous thinking without examining the meaning of the problem, students did not understand the concept that was related to procedures in solving problems, and less attention to the results of the answers made. The results indicated that there were errors at each level, especially at higher levels which have an impact on the need to increase practice questions at levels C4, C5, and C6 so that the students’ understanding is better and the motivation to solve the problems given is increased.
Pengembangan Modul Digital Berbasis STEM untuk Mengembangkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah
Authors: Pixyoriza Pixyoriza , Nurhanurawati Nurhanurawati , Rosidin Undang
Published: August 2023

Pemecahan masalah merupakan salah satu kemampuan yang sangat penting bagi peserta didik. Salah satu cara untuk mengembangkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah peserta didik adalah dengan menggunakan modul digital yang didesain untuk mengembangkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah, yaitu modul digital berbasis STEM yang berorientasi pada kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan modul digital berbasis STEM untuk mengembangkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah yang valid, praktis, dan efektif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan model ADDIE. Instrumen yang digunakan terdiri dari lembar validasi yang diisi oleh ahli bidang pendidikan matematika, lembar penilaian kepraktisan pendidik dan peserta didik, dan tes hasil belajar dengan soal pemecahan masalah. Kualitas modul digital yang dikembangkan ditinjau dari aspek kevalidan, kepraktisan, dan keefektivan. Hasilnya adalah modul digital yang dikembangkan termasuk pada kategori valid dengan persentase keseluruhan sebesar 88,67%, dan kepraktisan modul digital dilihat dari respon peserta didik dengan persentase 87% serta respon pendidik 83,90% dengan kategori sangat praktis. Aspek efektivitas berdasarkan tes hasil belajar dengan soal pemecahan masalah mengalami peningkatan ditinjau dari hasil pretest dan posttest dengan perolehan N-gain sebesar 0,69 kategori sedang. Berdasarkan hasil dan analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa modul digital yang dikembangkan valid, praktis, dan efektif dan layak digunakan peserta didik dalam pembelajaran matematika oleh peserta didik.
Analisis Kemampuan Literasi Numerasi Ditinjau dari Efikasi Diri pada Peserta Didik SMP
Authors: Salsabilah Adinda Putri , Kurniasih Meyta Dwi
Published: August 2023

Kemampuan literasi numerasi kini menjadi topik yang hangat di dunia pendidikan. Kemampuan literasi numerasi adalah kemampuan yang menjadi dasar untuk peserta didik dalam mengerjakan penyelesaian masalah matematika dan merupakan salah satu dari indikator penilaian Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum (AKM). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalis kemampuan literasi numerasi ditinjau dari efikasi diri pada peserta didik tingkat SMP. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Data diambil menggunakan angket dan instrumen tes essay. Subjek pada penelitian merupakan peserta didik yang mewaliki kategori efikasi diri, yakni peserta didik dengan kemampuan rendah, sedang, dan tinggi. Hasil penelitian didapat bahwa peserta didik kategori efikasi diri tinggi memenuhi 4 (empat) indikator kemampuan literasi numerasi, yaitu, proses pemahaman masalah, proses pemodelan masalah, proses penggunaan konsep dalam menyelesaikan masalah, dan proses menginterpretasikan dan mengevaluasi masalah. Peserta didik dengan efikasi diri sedang memenuhi 3 (tiga) indikator kemampuan literasi numerasi, yaitu proses pemahaman masalah, proses pemodelan masalah, dan proses penggunaan konsep dalam menyelesaikan masalah. Sedangkan, peserta didik dengan efikasi diri rendah memenuhi 1 (satu) indikator kemampuan literasi numerasi, yakni proses pemahaman masalah. Oleh karena itu, hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa semakin baik efikasi diri yang dimiliki peserta didik maka kemampan literasi numerasi juga semakin baik.
Penerapan Model Project Based Learning Berbasis DGMATH untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Prianggono Agus , Yuniarti Dwi Ariani , Pawening Ari Setiyani
Published: August 2023

Pembelajaran matematika pada siswa jenjang sekolah dasar merupakan pembelajaran yang penting untuk diperhatikan. Siswa jenjang sekolah dasar merupakan siswa generasi z yang sudah melek dan bersahabat erat dengan teknologi, model pembelajaran yang baik digunakan adalah model pembelajaran yang terpusat pada siswa. PBL berbasis DGMATH merupakan model pembelajaran yang terpusat pada siswa dan menggunakan suatu aplikasi DGMATH dengan pokok bahasan operasi bilangan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji efektivitas pembelajaran PBL berbasis DGMATH dan mengukur seberapa besar pengaruh motivasi belajar siswa terhadap hasil belajar dari penerapan pembelajaran PBL berbasis DGMATH ini. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif untuk menguji efektivitas dan uji regresi motivasi belajar terhadap pembelajaran PBL berbasis DGMATH dengan subjek siswa kelas satu (1) SD Islam Insan Cendekia sejumlah 60 siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa perangkat pembelajaran, soal pre test, post test dan kuesioner motivasi belajar siswa. Adapun hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa pada uji ketuntasan diperoleh hasil 82,83 pada pembelajaran PBL berbasis DGMATH dan pada uji beda rata-rata dengan nilai sig 0,015 < 0,05 yang artinya terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar yang signifikan antara kelas eksperimen dengan kelas control. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran PBL berbasis DGMATH terbukti efektif dan motivasi belajar mempunyai pengaruh yaitu sebesar 76% terhadap hasil belajarnya.
Analysis of Accrual-Based Government Accounting Standards Application to The Financial Reports of Regional Public Service Agency (BLUD)
Authors: Rahayu Aizah , Nurodin Idang , Sulaeman Sulaeman
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study was to find out that the presentation of financial reports at the BLUD of the Cidadap Health Center is in accordance with Accrual-Based Government Accounting Standards which refer to Government Regulation Number 71 of 2010 concerning Government Accounting Standards and Permendagri Number 79 of 2018 concerning Regional Public Service Agencies. The research method used in this study is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach by comparing theory and practice in presenting financial reports, data collection techniques used by observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the study show (1) of the 7 accrual-based financial component indicators BLUD Cidadap Health Center in its financial management has implemented SAP in accordance with Government Regulation Number 71 of 2010 concerning Government Accounting Standards on an accrual basis which presents Budget Realization Reports (LRA), Budget Balance Reports More (LSAL), Statement of Cash Flows (LAK), Balance Sheet, Operational Report (LO), Report of Changes in Equity (LPE), and Notes to Financial Statements (CaLK). (2) Financial management staff have PNS status but are not professionals in the financial sector, so it can be said that they are not fully in accordance with what is regulated by Permendagri Number 79 of 2018 concerning Regional Public Service Agencies.
PENGOLAHAN AIR ASIN MENJADI AIR TAWAR MENGGUNAKAN METODE REVERSE OSMOSIS DI KELURAHAN MENDAHARA ILIR
Authors: Wulan Wulansari , Nur Hidayah Dwi Savitri , Johanda Ragil , Butarbutar Martin Horas Parulian , Widodo Agus Lintang , Mutakkin Abd. , Gusti Diah Riski
Published: August 2023

Air mempunyai peranan yang sangat penting dalam kehidupan manusia sehari-hari. Di Indonesia, banyak daerah mengalami permasalahan sumber air. Salah  satunya di Kelurahan Mendahara Ilir, Kecamatan Mendahara, Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur, Provinsi Jambi yang mengalami kesulitan mendapatkan air bersih. Masyarakat daerah Mendahara Ilir biasanya mendapatkan air bersih dengan cara menampung air hujan dan sumur bor yang dapat menyebabkan masalah lingkungan seperti penurunan tingkat permukaan tanah.  Air laut yang sangat berlimpah dapat dimanfaatkan dan diolah menjadi air bersih dengan menggunakan teknologi membran yaitu  Teknologi Reverse Osmosis (RO) yang didalamnya terdapat membran semipermeabel yang mampu melakukan pemisahan air tawar dari larutan garam dengan tekanan yang lebih tinggi dari tekanan osmosa larutan garam. Hasil dari penggunaan tekonolgi reverse osmosis, didapatkanlah hasil  perubahan fisik berupa warna, bau, dan juga rasa pada air. Dengan adanya teknologi Reverse osmosis ini diharapkan masyarakat dapat mengurangi kebiasaan menggunakan air hujan dan  penggunaan sumur bor/ air tanah untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air bersih yang dapat menyebabkan penurunan tingkat permukaan tanah.

Kata Kunci: Air bersih, Reverse osmosis, membran semipermeabel
PELATIHAN PENGANEKARAGAMAN PRODUK GULA SEMUT HERBAL PRODUKSI KWT BUMI LESTARI AIR NANINGAN KABUPATEN TANGGAMUS PROVINSI LAMPUNG
Authors: Rina Oktaf Rina , Saty Fadila Marga
Published: August 2023

Produk gula semut merupakan salah satu produk yang dapat diklaim sebagai produk herbal dan direkomendasikan sebagai pemanis dalam minuman. Gula semut diproduksi dari nira pohon aren maupun kelapa. Untuk itulah maka tujuan dari kegiatan desiminasi teknologi bagi masyarakat ini adalah: 1). Meningkatkan kualitas produk gula semut, 2). Menciptakan produk herbal berbahan gula semut dengan substitusi bahan rempah, 3) Meningkatkan tampilan kemasan produk. Kegiatan ini merupakan wujud dari transfer ilmu tentang produksi gula semut dengan berbagai varian rempah yang dapat menjadi produk herbal yang menyehatkan. Kegiatan dilaksanakan dalam bentuk pelatihan pengolahan pangan, pendampingan dalam izin produksi dan pemasaran yang lebih luas pada pasar yang lebih potensial. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian dan pendampingan terhadap kegiatan mitra menunjukkan hasil yang sangat baik karena adanya keinginan dari anggota mitra untuk menambah varian produk gula semut. Adapun bahan flavor dan herbal yang ditambahkan adalah jahe merah (jahe emprit), kunyit, kencur, kayu manis dan campuran rempah. Perlakuan pengeringan produk pada variasi suhu yaitu 50, 60 dan 70oC dalam oven akan berbeda untuk bahan baku yang digunakan karena akan mempengaruhi komponen flavornya. Minyak atsiri dalam bahan juga akan mudah hilang karena pengaruh suhu tinggi. Ukuran granula produk juga dikendalikan dengan adanya alat penyaring sehingga digunakan saringan 30 mesh. Uji sensori terhadap produk varian baru menunjukkan adanya kesukaan konsumen yang lebih dominan untuk produk jahe merah dan campuran rempah.
Penjernihan Air dengan Metode Rapid Sand Filter menggunakan zeolit dan karbon aktif sebagai adsorben di Kelurahan Lingkar Selatan, Kota Jambi.
Authors: Rahayu Martina Asti , Wijaya Dhian Eka , Utami Andita , Permana Edwin
Published: August 2023

The need for clean water for the citizens of Jambi City still remains a serious problem until now. Ironically, for the past five years, the difficulty of fulfilling the need for clean water in some areas of Jambi City is even more alarming. The supply of tap water to the citizen’s houses is still not smooth. So as an alternative, citizens use ground water as a source of water. However, the groundwater obtained is still cloudy and smelly, and the flow of water causes the formation of the crust on the bathroom wall. This will certainly hamper the productivity and the economy of the citizens. Efforts are needed to overcome this problem so that people can get clean water. In this program, conducted a counseling or socialization on the way of water treatment from well water. This community service program aims to share knowledge about how to conduct water purification process to the community so that citizens can consume clean water. In this program, performed demonstration of a simple water purifier using Rapid Sand Filter method in the presence of zeolite and activated carbon that will maximize the water purification process.
Directors’ duty towards climate risk mitigation: A critical appraisal of the legal framework and emerging trends
Authors: Shekhar Hemavathi Soma , Chadda Vidhi Madaan
Published: August 2023

With the ever-increasing need for corporate responsibility in mitigating climate risks, this paper aims to analyse the legal duties of directors and their role in climate risk mitigation. This is done by analysing the scope of the codified director duties in the context of climate change under the company law, securities regulations, and environmental regime. However, directors face challenges in understanding the nature of their legal obligations due to the systemic nature of climate change (Breitinger & Litvak, 2018). Against this backdrop, the paper attempts to analyse the scope and interpret the emergence of director duties through judicial pronouncements. The paper adopts doctrinal legal methodology involving a comprehensive review of relevant legal frameworks, including case law and legislative provisions in India. The paper suggests that such legal interventions may aid corporates in addressing climate change, which entails that directors must consider climate risks and conduct themselves accordingly. The paper concludes by discussing what measures corporations must take to help India progress towards becoming a low-carbon economy. The significance of this paper lies in providing a reference for corporations to navigate their responsibilities and take measures to address climate change through legal intervention
Making Histories: Pluriverse Perspectives on Fashion & Textile Design Studies, Contributions from Year Two students (AY 2021/22)
Authors: Shanna Soh  , Bessel Bijtelaar  , Sophia Bogstedt  , Elke Cloin  , Julia Groven  , Wassim Hodayebi  , Peter Wertmann  , Asira Wiegers  , Ziah Siyu Zhang  , Leva Drobenkaitė  , Azul Espirito Santo  , Lotte Roelandse  , Neele Verhees  , Emma Verrijt
Published: August 2023

Co-created with Year 2 students from the department of Fashion & Textile of the Royal Academy of Art, The Hague (KABK) as part of the end of year assignment for the subject of Fashion & Textile History, this exposition combines academic and practice-based research as a contribution to existing discourse on Fashion and Textile design studies.

This exhibition showcases a spectrum of research from constructivistic perspectives. Contributions range from those which highlighted the politics of identity in the design canon of fashion and textiles; to attempts to resurrect lost crafts; to addressing the importance of designers being able to move beyond the role of being a maker operating on figuratively isolated islands, towards that which operates more as a hub of human connections in socially-engaged and socially-responsible ways.

In order to preserve the ephemeral nature of students' explorations in art & design education setting and in the spirit of Arturo Escobar's vision on the Pluriverse, students are given the freedom to propose their topic of choice and to deepen their knowledge as independently as possible. Guidance was given only when sought. In line with retaining the integrity of students' works, no interventions were made to student' contributions in this exhibition.

Author / Curator Shanna Soh ; Co-creators Ieva Drobenkaitė, Azul Espirito Santo, Lotte Roelandse, Neele Verhees, Emma Verrijt, Bessel Bijtelaar, Sophia Bogstedt, Elke Cloin, Julia Groven, Wassim el Hodayebi, Patryk Ochmanski, Timour Bonin, Peter Wertmann, Asira Zai, Ziah Siyu Zhang
Separation of internal and forced variability of climate using a U-Net
Authors: Bône Constantin , Gastineau Guillaume , Thiria Sylvie , Gallinari Patrick , Mejia Carlos E
Published: August 2023

The internal variability pertains to fluctuations originating from
processes inherent to the climate component and their mutual
interactions. On the other hand, forced variability delineates the
influence of external boundary conditions on the physical climate
system. A methodology is formulated to distinguish between internal and
forced variability within the surface air temperature. The
noise-to-noise approach is employed for training a neural network,
drawing an analogy between internal variability and image noise. A large
training dataset is compiled using surface air temperature data spanning
from 1901 to 2020, obtained from an ensemble of Atmosphere-Ocean General
Circulation Model (AOGCM) simulations. The neural network utilized for
training is a U-Net, a widely adopted convolutional network primarily
designed for image segmentation. To assess performance, comparisons are
made between outputs from two single-model initial-condition large
ensembles (SMILEs), the ensemble mean, and the U-Net’s predictions. The
U-Net reduces internal variability by a factor of four, although notable
discrepancies are observed at the regional scale. While demonstrating
effective filtering of the El Niño Southern Oscillation, the U-Net
encounters challenges in areas dominated by forced variability, such as
the Arctic sea ice retreat region. This methodology holds potential for
extension to other physical variables, facilitating insights into the
enduring changes triggered by external forcings over the long term.
Two-component phase scintillation spectra in the auroral region: Observations and Model
Authors: Hamza Abdelhaq M , Song Kaili , Meziane Karim , Thayyil Jayachandran P.
Published: August 2023

The random amplitude and phase fluctuations observed in
trans-ionospheric radio signals are caused by the presence of electron
density irregularities in the ionosphere. Ground-based measurements of
radio wave signals provide information about the medium through which
these signals propagate. The Canadian High Arctic Ionospheric Network
(CHAIN) Global Position System (GPS) receivers record radio signals
emitted by the GPS satellites, enabling the study of their spectral
characteristics.This study presents examples of phase spectra with two
power-law components. These components exhibit steeper spectral slopes
at higher frequencies and shallower ones at lower frequencies. In most
cases, the breaking frequency point is statistically larger than the
frequency associated with the Fresnel scale under the Taylor hypothesis.
To be more specific, we conducted a spectral characterization of sixty
(60) events recorded by the CHAIN Churchill GPS receiver, which is
located in the auroral oval. When fluctuations above the background
level are only observed in the phase, the spectra tend to be
systematically steeper. Conversely, the power increase in higher
frequency fluctuations accompanying amplitude scintillation tends to
result in shallower spectra. A basic yet powerful model of radio wave
propagation through a turbulent ionosphere, characterized by a power law
electron density spectrum, can help to explain the two power laws
observed in the scintillation events presented in this study by
identifying the role played by small-scale ionospheric irregularities in
diffraction.
Multi-scale variability of internal solitary wave speed in the Sulu Sea
Authors: Li XiXi , Liang Jianjun , Fan Kaiguo , Li Xiaoming
Published: August 2023

Internal solitary waves (ISWs) have considerable energy to drive the
mixing of water masses in the Sulu Sea. The propagation speed is a
critical parameter in demonstrating the dynamic characteristics of ISWs.
We collected 1354 groups of ISWs’ speeds from tandem satellite remote
sensing images with short temporal intervals and analyzed their spatial
and multi-scale temporal variations in the Sulu Sea. The wave speeds
increase exponentially with water depth with a power of 0.26. The
fortnightly spring/neap tidal currents cause daily variations of wave
speeds up to 30%. In addition to the well-recognized stratification
that leads to monthly variations of wave speed, the seasonal
circulations lead to a maximum decrease of wave speeds by 0.27 m/s. With
respect to interannual variations, the wave speeds increase in La Niña
years and decrease in El Niño years, caused by the climatic modulation
of ocean stratification.
ensino superior biológico moderno em contexto de guerra
Authors: Hnatyuk Vitaliy , Dudynska Andreia , Kurtiak Fedir , Kolodii Valentyna , Kuruts Nataliya
Published: August 2023

O objetivo do artigo é analisar o discurso teórico e prático da educação biológica superior nas condições de hostilidades e agressão militar russa. Métodos de análise e síntese, abstração e comparação foram utilizados para esse estudo. Nos resultados, a experiência ucraniana de organizar o ensino superior biológico durante a lei marcial, a formação de oportunidades de desenvolvimento adicional usando a experiência obtida e o potencial de integração europeia são atualizados. Salientam-se os principais riscos na via do desenvolvimento do ensino superior de biologia e as perspectivas de melhoria da situação geral. Em particular, os desafios militares permitiram desenvolver o ensino de biologia no nível superior. Nas conclusões, mostra-se que a regeneração do campo da educação é possível no contexto da restauração do sistema administrativo em geral.
Teplizumab, A Disease-Modifying Therapy for Type 1 Diabetes That Preserves Beta Cell Function
Authors: Herold Kevan C. , E. Gitelman Stephen , Gottlieb Peter A. , A. Knecht Laura , Raymond Ralph , L. Ramos Eleanor
Published: August 2023

Objective: In November 2022, teplizumab-mzwv became the first drug approved to delay the onset of Stage 3 type 1 diabetes in adults and children with diabetes aged 8 years and older with Stage 2 type 1 diabetes based on data from the pivotal study, TN-10.

Research Design and Methods: To provide confirmatory evidence of the effects of teplizumab on preserving endogenous insulin production, an integrated analysis of C-peptide data from 609 patients (375 teplizumab and 234 controls) from five clinical trials in Stage 3 was conducted.

Results: The primary outcome of the integrated analysis, change from baseline in stimulated C-peptide, was significantly improved at years 1 (average increase: 0.08 nmol/l, P<0.0001) and 2 (average increase: 0.12 nmol/l, P<0.0001) after one or two courses of teplizumab. An analysis was also conducted on exogenous insulin use, which showed overall reductions of 0.08 U/kg/d (P=0.0001) and 0.10 U/kg/d (P<0.0001) at years 1 and 2, respectively. An integrated safety analysis of five clinical trials that enrolled 1,018 Stage 2 or Stage 3 patients (approximately 1,500 patient-years of follow-up for teplizumab-treated patients) was conducted.

Conclusions: These data confirm consistency in preservation of beta cell function, as measured by C-peptide, across multiple clinical trials. This analysis showed that the most common adverse events included lymphopenia, rash, and headache, the majority of which occurred during and after the first few weeks following teplizumab administration and generally resolved without intervention consistent with a safety profile characterized by self-limited adverse events after one or two courses of teplizumab treatment.
GPR56 promotes diabetic kidney disease through eNOS regulation in glomerular endothelial cells
Authors: Wu Jinshan , Wang Zhihong , Cai Minchao , Wang Xuan , Lo Benjamin , Li Qifu , Cijiang He John , Lee Kyung , Fu Jia
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Although glomerular endothelial dysfunction is well-recognized to contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), the molecular pathways contributing to DKD pathogenesis in glomerular endothelial cells (GECs) are only partially understood. To uncover pathways that are differentially regulated in early DKD that may contribute to disease pathogenesis, we recently conducted a transcriptomic analysis of isolated GECs from diabetic NOS3-null mice. The analysis identified several potential mediators of early DKD pathogenesis, one of which encoded an adhesion G-protein coupled receptor-56 (GPR56), also known as ADGRG1. Enhanced glomerular expression of GPR56 was observed in human diabetic kidneys, which was negatively associated with kidney function. Utilizing cultured mouse GECs, we observed that GPR56 expression was induced with exposure to advanced glycation endproducts, as well as in high glucose conditions, and its overexpression resulted in decreased phosphorylation and expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). This effect on eNOS by GPR56 was mediated by coupling of Gα12/13-RhoA pathway activation and Gαi-mediated cAMP/PKA pathway inhibition. The loss of GPR56 in mice led to a significant reduction in diabetes-induced albuminuria and glomerular injury, which was associated with reduced oxidative stress and restoration of eNOS expression in GECs. These findings suggest that GPR56 promotes DKD progression mediated in part through enhancing glomerular endothelial injury and dysfunction.

Article Highlights

· Glomerular endothelial cell dysfunction is a key component of diabetic kidney disease pathogenesis, but underlying molecular mechanisms are not entirely understood.

· Unbiased expression identified GPR56, a versatile adhesion G protein-coupled receptor, as a potential mediator of glomerular endothelial cell function in DKD, but its role in endothelial or kidney cells was not well understood.

· The current study unravels the role of GPR56 in glomerular endothelial cells in DKD and demonstrates it as a key mediator of DKD progression.

· The targeting of GRP56 may be a novel therapeutic approach in DKD.
Structural and semantic characteristics of insertion components functioning in Yu. M. Lotman's journalism
Authors: Чжан С.
Published: August 2023

Статья посвящена исследованию структуры и семантики вставных компонентов в публицистике Ю. М. Лотмана. Установлено, что вставные компоненты, регулирующие читательское восприятие, различаются пунктуационно-графической аранжировкой, объемом, характером семантической взаимосвязи с основным высказыванием. Выявление структурно- семантического своеобразия вставных компонентов в публицистике Лотмана углубляет представления о его языковой личности и стиле общения с адресатом.

The article deals with the study of the structure and semantics of insertion components in Yu. M. Lotman's journalism. It has been established that the insertion components regulate the reader's perception; they have different punctuation and graphic arrangement, volume, semantic relationship with the main statement. Revealing the structural and semantic originality of the insertion components in Lotman's journalism deepens the ideas about his linguistic personality and style of communication with the recipient.
Poetics of Nina Dashevskaya's short stories (From the collection "Volchok's Stories")
Authors: Чжан Ц.
Published: August 2023

Статья посвящена поэтике рассказов Нины Дашевской по материалам сборников «Рассказы Волчка». Рассматривается особенность рассказов для детей и подростков, анализируется художественная поэтика в творчестве писателя с точки зрения содержания, темы и языка. Особое внимание уделено созданию художественной реальности, которая транслирует вполне достоверные особенности характеров, ситуаций и явлений современного мира. Новизна проведенного исследования заключается в попытке постижения внутренних закономерностей прозы Н. Дашевской для детей и подростков, исследовать которые возможно через последовательный и систематический анализ поэтики. Делается вывод, что рассказы Н. Дашевской могут помогать детям и подросткам стать более устойчивыми и эффективно решать проблемы, с которыми они сталкиваются по мере взросления. Ключевые слова: современная детская литература, поэтика, Нина Дашевская, современный рассказ, музыка

The article focuses on the poetics of Nina Dashevskaya's short stories based on the collection "Volchok's Stories". The author considers the peculiarities of stories for children and adolescents, analyzes the artistic poetics in the creative work of the writer from the point of view of content, theme and language. The special attention is given to the creation of artistic reality, which conveys quite authentic features of characters, situations and phenomena of the modern world. The novelty of the study is in the attempt to comprehend the internal regularities of N. Dashevskaya's prose for children and adolescents which can be explored through a coherent and systematic analysis of poetics. The conclusion is that N. Dashevskaya's stories can help children and adolescents become more resilient and deal effectively with the problems they face as they grow up.
Interference in the English written speech of college students
Authors: Баландина Е.А.
Published: August 2023

В статье проводится анализ языковой интерференции русского языка в англоязычную письменную речь в области грамматики, выбора слов, в пунктуации и орфографии в работах русских студентов колледжа. Интерференция, выявленная у более чем 85 % опрошенных, чаще всего встречается в грамматике, реже – в пунктуации и орфографии. Основной метод исследования – анализ ошибок.

The author focuses on the interference of the Russian language in the English written speech of students who learn English as a foreign language at college. Interference, found in over 85 % of respondents, is most common in grammar, less common in punctuation and spelling. The main method of research is error analysis.
Phytochemical’s Content of Herbal Teas Formulated from Dried Moringa (Moringa Stenopetala) and Stevia (Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni) Leaves
Authors: Befa Abdela
Published: August 2023

Herbal teas that refer to any green or leafy part of a plant are gaining popularity because of their health benefits. The demand for Moringa and Stevia currently increased in Ethiopia due to their nutritional and medicinal values. However, there is no work on their herbal tea formulation and their phytochemicals content determination. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical contents of herbal teas formulated from dried leaves of Moringa and Stevia. Seven Moringa-based herbal teas were brewed with Stevia ranging from 0 to 35% with five-level (5) and compared for their total phenolic, total flavonoid, and condensed tannin. The 100% Moringa tea infusion was considered as control. The results showed that herbal tea brewed with 25-35% stevia in the formulation results in the highest total phenolic, total flavonoid, and condensed tannin) values comparable to control. This study provides evidence that adding stevia to Moringa improves the phytochemicals content of moringa without compromising its health-promoting compounds.
Physicochemical Properties of Commercial Mish as Affected by Storage Time after Production at Khartoum, Sudan
Authors: IEM El Zubeir
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effect of storage period on the chemical composition of mish produced commercially by three different companies of dairy products; C1, C2 and C3. Thirty samples of mish at day 2 and day 20 after their production were randomly collected from groceries and were subjected to the analysis of their fat, protein, total solids, ash, acidity, and pH contents. The result showed highly significant (P<0.001) variations on the composition of mish samples produced by the different companies. The overall means of protein, fat, total solids, ash, acidity and pH revealed 8.08±0.138.08, 5.05±0.195.05, 20.91±0.27, 1.917±0.09, 2.015±0.08% and 3.82±0.14, respectively. The protein and fat content revealed highly significant (P<0.001) reduction for mish samples examined at day 20 (7.61 and 4.57%, respectively) compared to those examined at day 2 (8.55 and 5.53%, respectively). However, the total solids value increased during the storage period significantly (P<0.01), while, the ash content showed non-significant (P>0.05) differences values during the storage. The acidity of the mish samples showed highly significant (P<0.001) increase, while the pH content showed highly significant (P<0.001) decrease from day 2 to day 20. It can be concluded that the composition of mish from different companies varied with the storage time. It might be due to the raw material and method used in preparation of mish. Hence standards should be set and monitoring has to be implemented in order to have a uniform and safe product.
Developing and Implementing a Hospital‑based Family-centered Health Approach for Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: N Dorri
Published: August 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a family-centered health program in promoting healthier lifestyles and improving self-care behavior among patients who had undergone percutaneous coronary intervention. We hypothesized that the family-centered health program would significantly enhance self-care and health-promoting lifestyle in this patient population. The current study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of the family-centered health program on healthpromoting lifestyle and self-care behavior in post-percutaneous coronary intervention patients. Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted from October 2021 to March 2022 at the Shaheed Rajaie Cardiovascular, Medical & Research Center in Tehran. The study population included patients aged 40 to 65 who had undergone percutaneous coronary intervention. Sixty eligible participants were selected through purposive sampling and randomly assigned to either an experimental group that underwent the family-centered health program (n=30) or a control group (n=30). Data were collected using a demographic information questionnaire, Walker’s health-promoting lifestyle questionnaire (1987), and Miller’s self-care behavior questionnaire (1982) at three time points: baseline, postintervention, and three-month follow-up. The intervention’s effectiveness was assessed using variance analysis with repeated measurements in SPSS-21 software. Results: Preliminary analyses revealed no significant differences between the groups in self-care, health-promoting lifestyle, or blood pressures, indicating the two groups were homogeneous at baseline. However, post-test comparisons revealed significant differences, suggesting the family-centered health program was effective (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Given the demonstrated effectiveness of the family-centered health program, prioritizing such interventions could significantly improve secondary prevention outcomes in patients surviving coronary heart disease.
Organic Farming's Impact on the Environment: The Controversy
Authors: Mohan Ishani , Paul Rishav , Kumar Nadam Akshay , Kaushal Shilpa
Published: August 2023

Organic farming is usually regarded to be more environmentally friendly than conventional farming. On this subject, we perform a global literature review. Organic farming employs integrated production practises that reduce the environmental impact of inorganic fertilisers, herbicides, and genetically modified organisms. In terms of environmental and climate change effects, organic farming is less polluting than conventional farming when measured per unit of land. Organic cuisine is gaining popularity around the world. The main driver of increased demand is consumer concern about the detrimental impacts of conventional agriculture on the environment and human health. All across the world, various organic agricultural practises are practised. They are united by common aims of economic, environmental, and social sustainability. Many countries currently have specific legislative underpinnings for organic farming, as well as production and processing certification programmes. The expansion of organic agriculture practises and markets demonstrates how this is a viable alternative to intensification. More political will and scientific money could help realise more of this potential. In addition to developing organic agriculture, this should inform and improve the sustainability of other forms of agriculture.
Yield and Nutrient Uptake Influenced by Tillage Crop Establishment and Residue Management in Rice-Wheat Cropping System
Authors: Dudwal B. L. , Das T. K. , Dudwal S. K.
Published: August 2023

The field experiments were conducted during rainy season (June to October) and winter season (November to April) of 2010−11 and 2011−12 at the research farm of Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to assess the effect of tillage and residue management practices on yields and nurient uptake by crops in rice –wheat cropping system. Direct seeding under unpuddled condition, transplanting under puddled condition, brown manuring and mungbean residue incorporation before sowing of direct-seeded rice were practiced in rice, while zero-till sowing, conventional till sowing and rice residue application with zero-till wheat were tested in wheat crop. During first year nutrient uptake under transplanted rice was significantly higher than the rest of the treatments. In second year, treatments where rice residue was applied in previous season wheat crop and mungbean residue incorporation showed comparable N, P and K uptake with the TPR treatments. In case of wheat the uptake of nutrients were not significantly influenced during first year of study but in second year, the treatments where rice residue was applied with zero-till wheat and mungbean residue was incorporated in previous DSR showed significantly higher N, P and K uptake. In first year of study TPR produced significantly higher yield (5.37 t ha-1) while in second year mungbean residue incorporation with direct seeded rice produced significantly at par yield (5.61 t ha-1) than the transplanted rice (5.75 t ha-1). Productivity of wheat under all the treatments during first year remained at par but in second year MBR+DSR-ZTW+RR-MB produced significantly highest yield (5.33 t ha-1).