bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FOXO1/3 and PTEN Depletion in Granulosa Cells Promotes Ovarian Granulosa Cell Tumor Development
Authors: Liu Zhilin , Ren Yi A. , Pangas Stephanie A. , Adams Jaye , Zhou Wei , Castrillon Diego H. , Wilhelm Dagmar , Richards JoAnne S.
Published: June 2015

The forkhead box (FOX), FOXO1 and FOXO3, transcription factors regulate multiple functions in mammalian cells. Selective inactivation of the Foxo1 and Foxo3 genes in murine ovarian granulosa cells severely impairs follicular development and apoptosis causing infertility, and as shown here, granulosa cell tumor (GCT) formation. Coordinate depletion of the tumor suppressor Pten gene in the Foxo1/3 strain enhanced the penetrance and onset of GCT formation. Immunostaining and Western blot analyses confirmed FOXO1 and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) depletion, maintenance of globin transcription factor (GATA) 4 and nuclear localization of FOXL2 and phosphorylated small mothers against decapentaplegic (SMAD) 2/3 in the tumor cells, recapitulating results we observed in human adult GCTs. Microarray and quantitative PCR analyses of mouse GCTs further confirmed expression of specific genes (Foxl2, Gata4, and Wnt4) controlling granulosa cell fate specification and proliferation, whereas others (Emx2, Nr0b1, Rspo1, and Wt1) were suppressed. Key genes (Amh, Bmp2, and Fshr) controlling follicle growth, apoptosis, and differentiation were also suppressed. Inhbb and Grem1 were selectively elevated, whereas reduction of Inha provided additional evidence that activin signaling and small mothers against decapentaplegic (SMAD) 2/3 phosphorylation impact GCT formation. Unexpectedly, markers of Sertoli/epithelial cells (SRY [sex determining region Y]-box 9/keratin 8) and alternatively activated macrophages (chitinase 3-like 3) were elevated in discrete subpopulations within the mouse GCTs, indicating that Foxo1/3/Pten depletion not only leads to GCTs but also to altered granulosa cell fate decisions and immune responses. Thus, analyses of the Foxo1/3/Pten mouse GCTs and human adult GCTs provide strong evidence that impaired functions of the FOXO1/3/PTEN pathways lead to dramatic changes in the molecular program within granulosa cells, chronic activin signaling in the presence of FOXL2 and GATA4, and tumor formation.
Elevated temperature causes metabolic trade-offs at the whole organism level in the Antarctic fish Trematomus bernacchii
Authors: Sandersfeld T. , Davison W. , Lamare M. , Knust R. , Richter C.
Published: June 2015

As a response to ocean warming, shifts in fish species distribution and changes in production have been reported, that have been partly attributed to temperature effects on the physiology of animals. The Southern Ocean hosts some of the most rapidly warming regions on earth and Antarctic organisms are reported to be especially temperature sensitive. While cellular and molecular organismic levels appear to, at least partially, compensate for elevated temperatures, consequences of acclimation to elevated temperature for the whole organism are often less clear. Growth and reproduction are the driving factors for population structures and abundances. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of long-term acclimation to elevated temperature on energy budget parameters in the high Antarctic fish Trematomus bernacchii. Our results show a complete temperature compensation for routine metabolic costs after nine weeks of acclimation to 4°C. However, an up to 80% reduction in mass growth was measured at 2 and 4°C compared to the control group at 0°C, which is best explained by reduced food assimilation rates at warmer temperatures. With regard to a predicted temperature increase of up to 1.4°C in the Ross Sea by 2200, such a significant reduction in growth is likely to affect population structures in nature e.g. by delaying sexual maturity and reducing production, with severe impacts on Antarctic fish communities and ecosystems.
Fundamental frequency in Estonian emotional read-out speech
Authors: Tamuri Kairi
Published: June 2015

Fundamental frequency (F0, perceived as pitch) is an important prosodic cue of emotion. The aim of the present study was to find out if sentence emotion has any influence detectable in the F0 height and range of Estonian read-out speech. Thus the F0 of each vowel found in Estonian read-out sentences was measured, and its median for three emotions (anger, joy, sadness) and for neutral speech was calculated. In addition, the F0 range was measured for emotional and neutral speech, as well as the height of F0 for sentence-initial and sentence-final positions. The results revealed that in the investigated material, F0 was highest for joy and lowest for anger. The F0 range, however, was widest for anger and narrowest for sadness. The differences in F0 height at the beginning versus the end of sentences were not statistically significant, either for pairs of emotions or for emotions compared with neutral speech.
Antoni Walewski: historiozofia wyklętego lojalisty
Authors: Rysiewicz Mikołaj
Published: June 2015

The historiosophy of the cursed loyalist. The case of Antoni Walewski

The aim of this article is the reconstruction and analysis of the historical and political beliefs of Antoni Walewski, Polish monarchist and conservative historian of the 19th century. In his youth, Walewski participated in the November Uprising and along with other Polish statesmen and soldiers went on exile to France, where he backed up Prince Adam J. Czartoryski and supported the controversial concept of “the kingship de facto”. According to this idea, all Poles should submit to Czartoryski (who himself was the king de facto; despite the lack of any legal arguments) in order to spread the new insurrection (far more powerful and well organized than the previous one) against the Commonwealth’s invaders. Later on, in 1848 Walewski totally changed his political orientation. He resigned from his insurrectionism, became a loyalist and started to support the governments of Austria and Russia. This sudden turn in his political beliefs may be understood on the ground of historiosophy. It appears that Walewski’s political statements had deeper roots in a very interesting perspective on the nature of the history, especially the Polish one.
Los depósitos de ladera de la Serra de Serrella (Alicante)
Authors: Matarredona Coll Enrique
Published: June 2015

Se analizan en el presente estudio las pedrizas de Serrella (Alicante), conocidas en la zona con los topónimos de pedrisses, cantals o runars. Se trata de derrubios de ladera muy frecuentes en el área tanto por los condicionamientos tectónico-litológicos, como por los determinantes climáticos que, aún alejados de las condiciones óptimas pleistocenas, mantienen la funcionalidad actual de estas formas. El cálculo de índices de aplanamiento (Cailleux) y el análisis de orientación (Poser) nos han permitido comprobar la importancia de la rotura mecánica y confirmar la acción prioritaria de la gravedad como agente de transporte.
La bonificación de enclaves insalubres en el País Valenciano durante la Edad Moderna: el ejemplo de la laguna de la Albufereta (Alicante)
Authors: Alberola Romá Armando
Published: June 2015

Tomando como punto de partida una reflexión acerca de las condiciones físicas que ofrece la cuenca mediterránea y su incidencia en los aspectos económicos y sanitarios durante los siglos XVI al XVIII, el presente artículo ofrece el análisis completo de un caso particular perfectamente localizado en el espacio y el tiempo.
Prevalência de Sintomas Osteomusculares em Cobradores de Ônibus Coletivo em Uma Empresa na Cidade de Juazeiro do Norte – CE
Authors: Vieira Anny Caroline Costa , Lopes Cristiane Marinho Uchôa , Pires Denise Leal , Almeida Gilnara Rossana Pereira de , Oliveira Gislene Farias de
Published: June 2015

Os cobradores de ônibus são profissionais que realizam tarefas no dia-a-dia que requerem a utilização de movimentos e ações que são propícias a desencadear alterações e desconforto postural.  Sintomas de distúrbios osteomusculares (SDO) torna-se um terrível problema de saúde no trabalho, podendo ser observada em indivíduos com diversas ocupações, até mesmo do setor de transporte. Dentro desse contexto houve o interesse em investigar acerca da saúde do trabalhador. O objetivo foi verificar a prevalência de sintomas osteomusculares relacionados ao trabalho em cobradores de uma empresa de ônibus coletivo na cidade de Juazeiro do Norte-CE. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de caráter observacional e de abordagem quantitativo-descritivo. A amostra foi composta por 30 cobradores de ônibus coletivos que tinham idade entre 21 e 58 anos, e que trabalhavam nessa função há mais de um ano. A pesquisa foi realizada dos dias 17 a 29 de setembro de 2012 no horário de 12:00h às 13:00h, os entrevistados assinaram o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE) e em seguida responderam ao questionário Nórdico dos Sintomas Osteomusculares versão adaptada por Serranheira et al. (2003). Os resultados encontrados mostraram em todos os segmentos avaliados pelo questionário houve relatos de sintomas osteomusculares, no entanto, a coluna como um todo, foi mais relevante em relação aos outros segmentos. Sendo que a coluna lombar 100,0% dos profissionais apresentou desconforto e dorsal 86,7%, porém o que mostrou mais interferência no trabalho foi a região dorsal com 16,7% comparando-se com a lombar 13,3%. Todos esses segmentos da coluna são acometidos, estando em terceiro lugar a cervical, segundo lugar a torácica e em primeiro lugar a lombar que por ventura essa é a região que mais sofre agressão por conta da postura sentada durante a jornada de trabalho desses profissionais. Pode-se concluir que há uma grande frequência de dores osteomusculares relacionada ao trabalho nos cobradores de ônibus. Sendo que a mais frequente dentre estas, a lombar justifica pelo fato dessa estrutura ser a mais acometida mediante a postura sentada.
Percepções das Puérperas frente ao Recém-Nascido na UTI Neonatal de um Hospital em Juazeiro do Norte - CE
Authors: Alencar Yáscara Mychaelle Almeida , Morais Sara Araújo de , Bezerra Martha Maria Macêdo
Published: June 2015

Este é um estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, cujos objetivos foram: identificar os sentimentos e comportamentos das mães em relação a situação que vivenciam; observar a participação da mãe no convívio com o RN internado na UTIN e descrever os conhecimentos das puérperas em relação aos cuidados prestados pela equipe da neonatologia. O cenário foi uma unidade neonatal localizada em Juazeiro do Norte-CE. Os sujeitos foram as puérperas de prematuros. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi a entrevista semi-estruturada, realizada nos meses de setembro e outubro de 2014. Na analise dos dados identificou-se as seguintes categorias: Vivenciando uma difícil experiência de ver seu filho internado numa UTIN; Percebendo os sentimentos de puérperas frente ao seu filho internado na UTIN. Concluiu-se que as puérperas demonstram sentir desespero, tristeza,nervosismo e medo da morte ao ver seu filho na UTIN. Porém ao mesmo tempo é reconhecido o valor da UTIN de salvar a vida dos bebês. A pesquisa nos aponta a fragilidade emocional das mães e a intervenção dos profissionais na aproximação do vínculo mãe-bebê.
Aid measureres from unemployed perspective (in the light of the research results)
Authors: Stankiewicz Janina , Bortnowska Hanna
Published: June 2015

The negative consequences of the economic downturn started in 2008 in the USA affected many countries, including - Poland. In many organizations, it was necessary to carry out the redundancies, and these ones, if they were implemented in an unethical way, usually intensified dysfunctional processes within the companies. The paper presents examples of outplacement activities which can be taken by the government and by employers to limit these negative effects and to reduce the extent of unemployment. It also shows the results of empirical studies carried out among workers of the Lubusz region, who were made redundant in 2008-2014. There were indicated, e.g. the activities, which benefited the respondents and those ones, which they would like to use, but did not have such an option.
Transmission Protocol Simulation Framework For The Resource-Constrained Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Wójcikowski Marek
Published: June 2015

In this paper a prototype framework for simulation of wireless sensor network and its protocols are presented. The framework simulates operation of a sensor network with data transmission, which enables simultaneous development of the sensor network software, its hardware and the protocols for wireless data transmission. An advantage of using the framework is converging simulation with the real software. Instead of creating a model of the sensor network node, the same software is used in real sensor network nodes and in the simulation framework. Operation of the framework is illustrated with examples of simulations of selected transactions in the sensor network.
Evaluation of Product Design Analyses for the Identification of Perception-Defining Characteristics
Authors: Steinberg Falk , Woll Ralf
Published: June 2015

In most cases, customers evaluate a product based on the first impression, which is propagated by the product itself. These impressions are often subjectively engraved in the products, difficult to describe thus making them difficult to handle. Technical specifications on the other hand are less considered at first sight. In the case of leisure products such as Motorbikes (motorcycles), subjective factors are considerably intensified. Thus, such products are suitable to describe as “difficult-to-quantify” characteristics. Subjective and difficult to quantify features for products such as motorcycles could be; the design, the dynamics (vitality) as well as the price (value) impression.

Thus, amid a DFG research project, a method will have to be developed that allows the scaling of difficult to quantify characteristics in other to support a requirement-orientated product development. For this purpose, four different levels were developed to contain scaling based on usage. To support the scaling development, methods such as the AHP or the Multivariate Analysis Method can be used.

In the following analysis it will be shown how perception-defining characteristics for motorcycles can be derived from design analyses. The first step is the design analyses conducted with the help of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) scale based on Thomas L. Saaty. The advantage of this approach is a direct comparison of all alternatives to themselves. If, for example, five motorcycles are compared with regards to design, then a benchmark for good design implicitly arises. These scales build up dynamically depending on the analyzed alternatives. Based on the previous example, the more alternatives are used the more valid the scale.

The systematic arrangement of the perception-defining characteristics in product development can be a deciding factor for a better product design and its related product perception. Special gender specific perception differences for motorcycles will be evaluated in this paper. Thus, it is shown that there are specific motorcycle models that appeal to women while other specific models are preferred by men. In this case, perception-defining characteristics can be derived from a detail analysis of a preliminary assessment which can aid the description of female and male preferences for motorcycles.

In this paper a method to concatenate the perception-defining characteristics and products will be presented. Above all, these characteristics should be considered in the product planning phase. This approach offers producers the possibility, through identification of important perception-defining characteristics, to differentiate themselves from competitors because important product characteristics are deigned to relate to the various target groups.
Determination of Trace Elements in Opium by Means of Activation Analysis
Authors: Pappas Alexis C. , Alstad Jorolf , Lunde Gulbrand
Published: June 2015

Many methods have been advocated for the determination of the origin of opium, but so far no research has been reported on the possibilities of such studies by means of radiochemical methods applied to the opium ash.

In the present investigation the gold and lanthanide content in samples of opium ash has been studied using neutron activation analysis. The gold content was found to vary from about 0,5 to 10 ppm and the total rare earths content from about 20 to 150 ppm. Large variations are found in the distribution pattern of the individual rare earths in opium samples from different origin. The results are discussed and indicate that activation analysis may be used to indentify the origin of opium samples.
The Hot Iodine Substitution Reaction in Gaseous Methyl Iodide
Authors: Cross R.J. , Wolfgang R.L.
Published: June 2015

Chemical reactions of hot atomic iodine formed by recoil from a photoneutron emission process, (γ, n) have been studied. The yield of the hot substitution, 126I + CH3I → CH3
126I + I was determined. The probability of this process, compared to analogous reactions of hot hydrogen atoms, was found to be low. A possible reason for what appears to be a generally low efficiency of gas phase hot halogen atom substitution reactions is discussed.
Ein Trennungsgang für die allgemeinere Verwendung bei Aktivierungsanalysen
Authors: Gebauhr W.
Published: June 2015

Die aktivierungsanalytische Bestimmung von Verunreinigungen in hochreinen Substanzen erfordert fast immer die chemische Abtrennung derselben. Geringe, oft kostbare Probenmengen zwingen zur Erfassung möglichst vieler Komponenten nebeneinander. Es wird ein chemischer Trennungsgang vorgeschlagen, der für eine Reihe von Matrizes (Hauptsubstanzen) anwendbar ist und mehr als 30 Elemente sowie die Gruppe der Seltenen Erden umfaßt. Das Verhalten dieser Elemente, wie es sich aus umfangreichen Überprüfungen der zur Trennung herangezogenen Reaktionen mit Hilfe von Radionukliden ergab, wird beschrieben. Die darauf basierende, endgültige Arbeitsvorschrift wird an Hand zweier Gemischbeispiele überprüft.
Preparation of Sources for Alpha Spectrometry
Authors: Kirby H. W. , Dauby J. J.
Published: June 2015

A simple method is presented for the preparation of alpha sources to be analyzed by an alpha spectrometer equipped with a semi-conductor detector. The procedure consists of evaporating to dryness an aqueous solution of the alpha-emitter, redissolving the residue in situ with 0.1 Ν HNO3, precipitating with 3Ν NH4OH and drying. The residual NH4NO3 is redissolved in 3 N NH4OH, dried again, and sublimed at a higher temperature. The deposit is washed with distilled water, after which the plate is dried and ignited at red heat. Dramatic improvement is illustrated with several alpha emitters of different chemical properties, including 208/209Po, 230Th, 231Pa, 232/234U, and 238/239Pu.

By providing better distribution of the alpha-emitting nuclides and by removing alpha-absorbing impurities, the same procedure significantly increases the gross alpha counting rate and is recommended for use in improving the accuracy and reproducibility of routine alpha counting.
Retention of Ejaculate by Drosophila melanogaster Females Requires the Male-Derived Mating Plug Protein PEBme
Authors: Avila Frank W , Cohen Allie B , Ameerudeen Fatima S , Duneau David , Suresh Shruthi , Mattei Alexandra L , Wolfner Mariana F
Published: June 2015

Within the mated reproductive tracts of females of many taxa, seminal fluid proteins (SFPs) coagulate into a structure known as the mating plug (MP). MPs have diverse roles, including preventing female remating, altering female receptivity postmating, and being necessary for mated females to successfully store sperm. The Drosophila melanogaster MP, which is maintained in the mated female for several hours postmating, is comprised of a posterior MP (PMP) that forms quickly after mating begins and an anterior MP (AMP) that forms later. The PMP is composed of seminal proteins from the ejaculatory bulb (EB) of the male reproductive tract. To examine the role of the PMP protein PEBme in D. melanogaster reproduction, we identified an EB GAL4 driver and used it to target PEBme for RNA interference (RNAi) knockdown. PEBme knockdown in males compromised PMP coagulation in their mates and resulted in a significant reduction in female fertility, adversely affecting postmating uterine conformation, sperm storage, mating refractoriness, egg laying, and progeny generation. These defects resulted from the inability of females to retain the ejaculate in their reproductive tracts after mating. The uncoagulated MP impaired uncoupling by the knockdown male, and when he ultimately uncoupled, the ejaculate was often pulled out of the female. Thus, PEBme and MP coagulation are required for optimal fertility in D. melanogaster. Given the importance of the PMP for fertility, we identified additional MP proteins by mass spectrometry and found fertility functions for two of them. Our results highlight the importance of the MP and the proteins that comprise it in reproduction and suggest that in Drosophila the PMP is required to retain the ejaculate within the female reproductive tract, ensuring the storage of sperm by mated females.
Improvement in Perinatal HIV Status Documentation in a Massachusetts Birth Hospital, 2009–2013
Authors: Paydar-Darian Niloufar , Pursley DeWayne M. , Haviland Miriam J. , Mao Wenyang , Golen Toni , Burris Heather H.
Published: June 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Despite recommendations for universal HIV testing during routine prenatal care, maternal HIV status is not always available at the time of delivery, which may lead to missed opportunities for antiretroviral prophylaxis. We completed a quality improvement project focused on increasing the availability of maternal HIV status documentation at our perinatal facility. Our primary aim was to improve documentation rates from 50% to 100% between 2009 and 2013. Our secondary aim was to identify predictors of documentation.

METHODS:

After an initial needs assessment, we performed a multidisciplinary quality improvement effort to address lack of HIV documentation in perinatal charts. The interventions included a switch to a verbal-only consent process, a rapid HIV testing protocol, and a simplified newborn admission document. To assess the impact of our intervention, we audited 100 charts per month and formally analyzed a second random sample of 200 charts in the postimplementation phase.

RESULTS:

Rates of HIV status documentation improved between 2009 and 2013, from 55.5% to 96.5%. Multivariable models revealed that before our interventions, mothers receiving care at freestanding offices (versus community-based outreach clinics) and those privately insured (versus publicly) were less likely to have HIV status documented. In 2013, neither ambulatory site nor insurance type predicted documentation.

CONCLUSIONS:

We demonstrated improvement in maternal HIV status documentation on admission to labor and delivery after implementation of a 3-pronged intervention. Next steps include investigating persistent barriers to achieving universal screening and documentation.
Weapon Involvement in the Victimization of Children
Authors: Mitchell Kimberly J. , Hamby Sherry L. , Turner Heather A. , Shattuck Anne , Jones Lisa M.
Published: June 2015

OBJECTIVE:

To report the prevalence of weapons involved in the victimization of youth with particular emphasis on weapons with a “high lethality risk” and how such exposure fits into the broader victimization and life experiences of children and adolescents.

METHODS:

Data were collected as part of the Second National Survey of Children’s Exposure to Violence, a nationally representative telephone survey of youth ages 2 to 17 years and caregivers (N = 4114) conducted in 2011.

RESULTS:

Estimates from the Second National Survey of Children’s Exposure to Violence indicate that >17.5 million youth in the United States have been exposed to violence involving a weapon in their lifetimes as witnesses or victims, or >1 in 4 children. More than 2 million youth in the United States (1 in 33) have been directly assaulted in incidents where the high lethality risk weapons of guns and knives were used. Differences were noted between victimizations involving higher and lower lethality risk weapons as well as between any weapon involvement versus none. Poly-victims, youth with 7 or more victimization types, were particularly likely to experience victimization with any weapon, as well as victimization with a highly lethal weapon compared with nonpoly-victims.

CONCLUSIONS:

Findings add to the field’s broadening conceptualization of youth victimization highlighting the potentially highly consequential risk factor of weapon exposure as a component of victimization experiences on the mental health of youth. Further work on improving gun safety practices and taking steps to reduce children's exposure to weapon-involved violence is warranted to reduce this problem.
Atenuação de radiação solar e distribuição vertical de área foliar em floresta - reserva Jaru - Rondônia, Brasil
Authors: MARQUES FILHO Arí de O. , DALLAROSA Ricardo G.
Published: June 2015

A atenuação de radiação solar em meio vegetal e sua relação com a distribuição espacial dos elementos vegetais são estudadas neste trabalho. Técnicas experimentais de amostragem de radiação no interior de coberturas vegetais de grande porte são utilizadas, tendo como base dispositivos de suporte móveis constituídos por reticulados modulares suspensos na parte superior das grandes árvores, que permitem a disposição dos sensores de radiação em diferentes níveis de uma mesma vertical no interior da cobertura. As medidas de radiação solar foram realizadas no sítio experimental da Reserva Florestal Jaru (10°05' S; 61°55' W), Ji-Paraná - Brasil, no período de 30 de outubro a 24 de novembro de 1999. A inversão de modelo físico de radiação permitiu o estabelecimento da função de densidade de área foliar com um valor médio de índice de área foliar IAF de 5,6 para a vegetação do local.
Perfil de vento em áreas de floresta e pastagem na Amazônia
Authors: OLIVEIRA Paulo Jorge de , FISCH Gilberto
Published: June 2015

Durante a estação seca de 1994, um estudo do comportamento do perfil do vento foi realizado usando dados de radiossondagens, em áreas de floresta e de pastagem na região de Ji-Paraná (Rondônia). O vento na floresta é, em média, 2 m,s-1 mais intenso que na pastagem, e a direção média do vento apresenta-se de ENE acima de 1000m e de ESE na região abaixo, em ambos os sítios. Nota-se a presença de ventos máximos em ambos os sítios em torno de 2000m, próximo das 8 horas local, de aproximadamente 8,0 m.s-1 e 6,5 m.s-1 na floresta e pastagem, respectivamente. As alturas estimadas da Camada Limite Convectiva são similares aquelas observadas por métodos termodinâmicos.
Leptolejeunea e Rhaphidolejeunea (Lejeuneaceae) na estação científica Ferreira Penna, Pará, Brasil
Authors: ILKIU-BORGES Anna Luiza , LISBOA Regina Célia Lobato
Published: June 2015

Em um inventário da família Lejeuneaceae (Hepaticae) na Estação Científica Ferreira Penna, município de Melgaço, Pará, foi observada a ocorrência de Leptolejeunea elliptica (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Schiffn., Leptolejeunea tridentata Bischler e Rhaphidolejeunea polyrhiza (Nees) Bischler. Leptolejeunea tridentata é uma nova ocorrência para o Brasil. Todas as espécies são descritas e ilustradas, com comentários adicionais. Uma chave artificial para a separação das mesmas é apresentada.
Dinâmica do sub-bosque e do estado arbóreo de floresta tropical primária fragmentada na Amazônia Oriental1
Authors: SALOMÃO Rafael de Paiva , MATOS Aires Henriques de , ROSA Nélson de Araújo
Published: June 2015

Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar a dinâmica florestal, sobretudo da regeneração natural, em um fragmento de floresta tropical primária, entre 1998 c 1999, em Peixe-Boi (PA). Foram demarcadas três parcelas permanentes (1 ha cada) onde todos os indivíduos com DAP ≥ 10 cm foram registrados; os indivíduos com 10cm ≥ DAP ≥ 5cm foram amostrados em 6.000 m2, aqueles entre 5cm ≥ DAP ≥ 2cm em 2.400 m2 e com DAP ≤ 2cm em 240 m2. Foram estimados 143.000 indivíduos, desde plântulas até árvores pertencentes a 337 espécies e 76 famílias. Mimosaceae foi a família de maior riqueza (44 espécies); 14 famílias ocorreram com uma única espécie sendo que metade delas apresentaram também um único indivíduo. Independentemente da classe diamétrica verificou-se o egresso de 56 espécies versus o ingresso de 68, gerando um ganho líquido de 12 espécies. A dinâmica da composição e da abundância da regeneração natural foi muito intensa. Observou-se a saída de uma família face ao ingresso de outras 14, aumentando cm quase 30% o número de espécies. A maior mortalidade foi verificada em Bauhinia cf. rutilans e Mabea aff. speciosa (300 e 21 indivíduos). Rinorea negleta e Leçythis idatimon recrutaram 171 e 89 espécimes. A razão recrutamento/ mortalidade foi, em quaisquer das classes diamétricas, sempre superior a unidade. O estoque de mudas para se obter uma árvore, uma arvoreta e uma vara foi, respectivamente de 297, 160 e 48 mudas. O número de espécies e a abundância aumentaram no período, assim como a área basal e a biomassa.
Os gêneros Lejeunea e Microlejeunea (Lejeuneaceae) na Estação Científica Ferreira Penna, estado do Pará, Brasil, e novas ocorrências
Authors: ILKIU-BORGES Anna Luiza , LISBOA Regina C. L.
Published: June 2015

Em um inventário de Lejeuneaceae (Hepaticae) na Estação Científica Ferreira Penna, município de Melgaço, Pará, foi observada a ocorrência de Lejeunea caespitosa Lindenb. ex Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees, Lejeunea flava (Swartz) Nees, Lejeunea tapajosensis Spruce, Microlejeunea acutifolia Stephani e Microlejeunea epiphylla Bischler, destacando Microlejeunea acutifolia como nova ocorrência para o Brasil e Microlejeunea epiphylla mencionada pela primeira vez para o Estado do Pará. Todas as espécies estão descritas e ilustradas e é apresentada uma chave artificial para a separação das mesmas, assim como comentários adicionais.
Açaí (Euterpe oleracea mart.) e camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia (H.B.K.) Mc Vaugh) possuem ação anti anêmica?
Authors: YUYAMA Lucia Kiyoko Ozaki , ROSA Rosane Dias , AGUIAR Jaime Paiva Lopes , NAGAHAMA Dionísia , ALENCAR Fernando Hélio , YUYAMA Kaoru , CORDEIRO George William de Oliveira , MARQUES Hedylamar de Oliveira
Published: June 2015

Avaliou-se o impacto da utilização do açaí e camu-camu em pré-escolares de uma Unidade Filantrópica de Manaus-AM. Foram selecionadas 85 crianças voluntárias, de dois a seis anos incompletos, de ambos os sexos, distribuídas aleatoriamente em 5 grupos, tendo como fonte de ferro e vitamina C: açaí e açaí + camu-camu, perfazendo um total de 2 mg de ferro e 40 mg de ácido ascórbico, assim como o ferro aminoácido quelato na concentração de 1 e 2 mg de ferro. O ferro foi distribuído diariamente na colação por um período de 120 dias. Na caracterização da anemia considerou-se o ponto de corte de hemoglobina <11g/dL. Os resultados demonstraram que de um universo de 85 crianças 6 (7%) apresentaram um quadro de desnutrição crônica, sendo ao final da intervenção reduzido para 4 (4,7%). O maior impacto da utilização do açaí foi como fonte energética, refletido no ganho de peso significativo das crianças (1,76 kg), mesmo quando adicionado de camu-camu (1,69 kg). Em relação a concentração de hemoglobina, não foi constatada diferença significativa entre as crianças dos diferentes grupos, independente da fonte de ferro: açaí (0,71 g/dL); açaí + camu-camu (0,60 g/dL), Ferro 2 mg (0,88 g/dL); água (0,85 g/ dL) e Ferro 1 mg (0,54 g/dL). Entretanto, a recuperação de crianças anêmicas foi maior no grupo que recebeu ferro aminoácido quelato na concentração de 2 mg de ferro. Conclui-se que o açaí tem um grande potencial como fonte energética e pouca expressividade como fonte de ferro, mesmo adicionado de camu-camu.
O papel da sociolinguística no (re)conhecimento do português brasileiro e suas implicações para o ensino
Authors: Duarte Maria Eugenia Lamoglia
Published: June 2015

este artigo apresenta algumas evidências de que as diferenças
entre fala e escrita no Brasil não se devem à natural distância que em geral
distingue as duas modalidades no que se refere ao maior ou menor grau de
planejamento. Essas diferenças caracterizam duas gramáticas: a da fala, fruto
do processo de aquisição da linguagem, com formas conservadoras e
inovadoras, consequência de mudanças naturais na história das línguas,
enquanto a da escrita é uma mistura de traços da gramática lusitana de fins
do século XIX, que serviu à codificação da norma escrita no Brasil, somada a
traços do português brasileiro que se implementam aos poucos na escrita,
substituindo ou competindo com formas conservadoras, e, finalmente,
algumas estruturas estranhas a ambas, certamente um subproduto da
contradição entre a gramática da fala e um modelo anacrônico de escrita.
What immersion education still needs: Views from the Irish Year Abroad experience
Authors: Regan Vera
Published: June 2015

Immersion education is justifiably acclaimed. This success is achieved in the classroom and relates to language structures. Recent research, however, demonstrates that one area of acquisition lags behind in immersion speakers’ speech; sociolinguistic competence. Quantitative studies show that acquisition of native speaker variation patterns is less successful in the classroom than in situations of contact with native speakers. This paper provides quantitative evidence on the production of Irish students on a year in France, whose rates and patterns of native variation approximate native speakers more closely than those of students whose access to input is restricted to immersion classroom. The paper presents data in French from secondary level speakers at Irish immersion schools and from Irish Year Abroad university learners, comparing them to Canadian immersion students and charts the effect of contact with native speakers. We conclude that an element of naturalistic learning might be incorporated into the acquisition process of immersion speakers at university.
Les pratiques déclarées par les enseignants universitaires au regard de l’usage des TIC dans l’enseignement de l’écriture en français langue étrangère ou seconde
Authors: Eid Rodine , Dezutter Olivier , Bleys Françoise , Poirier Vicky , Silva Haydée , Cansigno Yvonne , Eid Cynthia , Defays Jean-Marc , Thonard Audrey
Published: June 2015

L’objectif spécifique de cette recherche est de rapporter et d’analyser les pratiques déclarées des formateurs (N= 25) au regard du recours aux TIC dans le développement de la compétence scripturale en FLE/S en contexte universitaire. La collecte de données a eu lieu dans cinq institutions dans le cadre d’un projet international. Pour recueillir les données en lien avec les pratiques déclarées, nous avons mené des entrevues de groupe semidirigées auprès des formateurs de FLE/S. L’analyse préliminaire de ces entrevues montre que l’enseignement-apprentissage de l’écriture et l’évaluation de celle-ci ont évolué avec le développement des TIC. Pour ce qui est du processus d’écriture (la planification, la mise en texte et la révision) dans ce contexte, les enseignants déclarent que pour les opérations de la mise en texte et de la révision, les TIC sont les plus utiles dans l’apprentissage de l’écrit en FLE/S pour les apprenants universitaires. De plus, les TIC auraient des effets à la fois positifs et négatifs sur les étudiants universitaires utilisant les technologies dans un cours d’écriture en langue seconde (L2).
Logiciel d’annotation de vidéos FSL : Outil d’aide à la compréhension orale des documents authentiques
Authors: Dankova Natalia
Published: June 2015

A new open access online software FSL teachers to develop learning activities based on multimedia content in order to help learners 1) improve their listening comprehension, pronunciation and oral expression skills; 2) extend their vocabulary and 3) discover sociocultural aspects of foreign language. An original feature of the software is that it enables teachers to annotate videos with questions, comments or activities without altering their content. This software is user-friendly and as easy to use as Word. Thanks to this software, students are able to watch a video by themselves, with the help of a virtual teacher. Students can do different exercises autonomously and test their listening comprehension online. Another main feature of the software is that it makes it easy to find a particular sequence in a video. Thanks to this software, you can also develop online tests for your students.
Measurement and Correlation of Solubility and Physical Properties for Gas-Saturated Athabasca Bitumen
Authors: Nourozieh H.. , Kariznovi M.. , Abedi J..
Published: June 2015

The addition of hydrocarbon or nonhydrocarbon gases to steam can have a beneficial effect on the performance of steam-based processes for recovery of heavy and extraheavy oils. The performance of these newly developed techniques depends on the amount of solvent dissolved in the oil and the variation of oil viscosity with temperature. Thus, full understanding of the quantitative effects of the solvent on heavy-oil viscosity and phase behaviors is crucial for feasibility studies, design, and prediction of field-scale processes.

Thus, the aim of this research is the development of an understanding of the phase behavior of carbon dioxide (CO2)/Athabasca-bitumen mixtures. It includes both experimental and modeling studies of solubilities and saturated-liquid densities and viscosities over a wide range of temperatures (up to 200°C), approaching the conditions of in-situ steam processes and pressures up to 6 MPa.

Experimental results indicate that the dissolved gas in bitumen leads to a significant oil-viscosity reduction, and the effect is greater at lower temperature and higher pressure. The gas-saturated-bitumen densities change slightly with the dissolution of CO2. The modeling results show that the measured solubilities are represented adequately by the modified Peng-Robinson equation of state (Robinson and Peng 1978), with an average absolute relative deviation (AARD) of 7.5%. The saturated-liquid densities are also correlated with equation-of-state and effective-liquid-density approaches, with 0.77 and 0.41% AARDs, respectively. The viscosity data are reasonably matched with the modified Pedersen corresponding state (Pedersen and Fredenslund 1987).
Effect of Unpuddled Transplanting on the Growth and Yield of Dry Season Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in High Barind Tract
Authors: Islam A K M S , Hossain M M , Saleque M A
Published: June 2015

Conservation tillage technology not only protects natural resources but also provides some economic leverage. The present investigation evaluated two puddle tillages (i) conventional tillage (CT) and (ii) single pass wet tillage (SPWT) and two unpuddled tillages(iii) strip tillage(ST) and (iv) bed planting (BP) to establish rice in the High Barind Tract, Godagari, Rajshahi during aus 2010 and boro 2011 season. The CT option incurred higher cost compared to other tillage treatments due to more fuel and labour used in land preparation. Minimum tillage (SPWT, ST and BP) saved about 30-54% fuel consumption and 40-49% labour requirement compared to CT in land preparation. Labour did not face much difficulty to transplant seedling in unpuddled fields. However, unpuddled establishment required more labor for weeding compared to puddle one. Bed planting in aus gave significantly lower grain yield than other establishment methods. However, in boro season, all the tested tillage methods produced similar yield. In both seasons, CT showed the highest input costs due to more number of tillage passes and fuel requirement in land preparation. As a consequence, SPWT, ST and BP appeared to be more profitable than CT both in aus and boro rice.The Agriculturists 2014; 12(2) 91-97
Comparative Production Performances of Different Types of Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)
Authors: Islam M S , Faruque S , Khatun H , Islam M N
Published: June 2015

A study was conducted with four types of quail named Japanese (J), White (W), Black (BL) and Brown (Br) quail in BLRI, Savar, Dhaka to understand their productive and reproductive performances. A total of 1953 day-old chicks of quails were produced in successive two hatches. The highest fertility and hatchability were observed in White (98.13%) and Japanese (73.20%) types compared to their counterparts. White quail was significantly better for egg weight and chick weight than other the three types. The 5th week body weights were 117.94 ± 10.70, 114.71 ± 11.13, 98.28±9.69 and 107.24±8.98 g, respectively for W, Br, J and Bl. Significantly higher body weight was found in W and Br followed by Bl and J quail at different ages. The total number of eggs upto 24th week of age was 81.23 ± 0.67, 83.05 ± 0.69, 90.52± 0.56, and 93.31 ± 1.05 respectively, for W, Br, J and Bl and these significantly (p<0.001) differed among all genotypes. It may be concluded from the present findings that the performances of W and Bl quail were superior for body weight and egg number, respectively to the others. These findings give us more impetus for continuing the quail breeding research for producing a suitable meat type quail or egg type quail in the country.The Agriculturists 2014; 12(2) 151-155
99mTc-DMSA renal scan and 99mTc-DTPA renography findings in patients with horseshoe kidneys: experience of a single institute
Authors: Jabin Zeenat , Begum Shamim MF , Perveen Rahima
Published: June 2015

Purpose: Horseshoe kidney is a congenital malformation that is found incidentally in many of the asymptomatic patients undergoing 99mTc- DTPA renography and 99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) renal scans in the nuclear nephrology division of National Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences (NINMAS). Scan findings of year 2012 and 2013 are demonstrated in this study. Methods: Few of the patients had known ultrasound reports of ectopic positioned or non-visualized kidney and mostly referred to our institute for 99mTc-DTPA renogram. Each diuretic renogram consisted of dynamic renal scan images obtained with camera in both anterior and posterior positions and15% window centered at 140 keV using 64 X 64matrix. Acquisition started with bolus injection of 99mTc-DTPA and dynamic images were acquired at 16-seconds/ frame for 75 frames. Intravenous injection of furosemide (1 mg / kg body weight) was given between 10-15 minutes of the study. They each underwent a 99mTc-DMSA renal cortical scan to confirm the horseshoe kidney. Results: In a 2-year period, 14 patients (5 children and 9 adults) with horseshoe kidney were found with age ranging from 6 to 43 yrs (mean + SD,23.93 ± 9.19) and a male to female ratio of 9:5.Nearly one third of patients (35.8%) were asymptomatic. Urinary tract infections or infection like symptoms were present in five (35.8 %), whereas few showed vague symptoms like flank pain (7.1 %), abdominal pain (7.1 %), gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea (7.1 %), abdominal distension and fullness (7.1 %). Three kidneys (21.42 %) showed stasis of radioactive urine in the renal pelvic region prior to diuretic injection, suggesting functional obstruction. Only one kidney (7.17 %) showed frank unilateral hydronephrosis and 2(14.28%) showed obstructive nephropathy. There was no incidence of bilateral hydronephrosis. Gross parenchymal disease was seen in 2 (14.28%) and mild parenchymal insufficiency in 4 (28.57%). In 2 (14.28%) cases normal renal function with low GFR were observed. 35.71% patients show horseshoe kidneys with normal function and GFR with variation of sizes of two distinct kidneys. Of the 14 patients, asymmetrical renal cortical function between the two kidneys was found in10 (71.4%). Conclusion: 99mTc-DMSA renal scan and diuretic renogram with 99mTc-DTPA are the simple techniques for the assessment of the patency of horseshoe shaped kidneys, because they can evaluate functional anatomy and urodynamics. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjnm.v17i1.22488 Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 17(1): 25-29, January 2014
Role of 18F FDG PET in Differentiating Benign and Malignant Primary Bone Tumors
Authors: Dey Shankar Kumar , Biswas Tanima
Published: June 2015

18F FDG PET is useful in differentiating benign from many kinds of malignant tumors including bone tumors. Many reporters found significant difference of SUV (standardized uptake value) between benign and malignant primary bone tumors. However, some benign bone tumors specially histolytic and Giant cell containing lesions show high accumulation of FDG, which increases false positive rates in FDG-PET. So, consideration of histologic subtypes should be included in analysis of SUV at FDG PET of primary bone tumors. Furthermore, high accumulation of FDG in inflammatory lesions like chronic osteomyelitis and rheumatoid arthritis should also be considered. Dual time-point imaging and determination of retention index provide more help in the differentiation of malignant from benign tumors and is recommended for unclear bone lesions. To differentiate benign from malignant vertebral compression fractures PET showed slightly higher sensitivity over MRI and provide better specificity when both modalities are combined. PET provides opportunity of whole body screening to pick up new lesions and also guide FNAC in case of indeterminate results. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjnm.v17i1.22495 Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 17(1): 75-83, January 2014
Recent developments in techniques for respiratory motion correction in PET-CT imaging
Authors: Sadia Salam , Ali Nafees F , Shahana Afroz
Published: June 2015

The advent of hybrid imaging in the form of PET CT has revolutionised the practice of respiratory medicine. Due to the high sensitivity and specificity of this technique, it is possible to detect pulmonary pathologies in early stages with high degrees of certitude thereby facilitating prompt diagnosis and treatment. However, the presence of respiratory motion artefacts depreciates the diagnostic accuracy of this technique. Multiple motion correction techniques have been developed to overcome this predicament. In this paper, these techniques have been reviewed from existing scientific literature. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjnm.v17i1.22496 Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 17(1): 84-90, January 2014
Dilemma in diagnosing thyroid adenoma  A case report
Authors: Nasreen Faria , Bailey Shamsun Nahar
Published: June 2015

A thyroid adenoma is a benign tumour of the thyroid gland. Almost all thyroid adenomas are follicular adenomas. In the clinical management of such patients, the extent of surgery depends on whether it is truly a follicular adenoma or a follicular carcinoma. In case of follicular adenomas where Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) findings are inconclusive, nuclear medicine techniques play an important role in the pre operative work up. Here we present a case of follicular adenoma highlighting the role of nuclear medicine techniques in the pre operative workup along with the diagnostic dilemmas that can occur DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjnm.v17i1.22497 Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 17(1): 91-96, January 2014
Adrenal Mass: An Unusual Presentation of Metastatic Follicular Carcinoma of Thyroid
Authors: Mokaddema Mohshi Um , Begum Fatima , Nahar Nurun , Hasan Mizanul , Alam Faridul
Published: June 2015

Patients with follicular carcinoma of thyroid may have asymptomatic involvement of adrenal gland and associated metastases to other organs, which may remain undetected for long time if not diagnosed, treated and followed up properly. A very rare case of adrenal metastasis from follicular carcinoma of thyroid, five years after total thyroidectomy is presented. The patient also had synchronous involvement of bones including an unusual site in upper end of left tibia. Here, emphasis is given on awareness of the possibility of unique metastatic deposits of follicular carcinoma of thyroid at unexpected sites as this has a significant impact on clinical decision-making and prognosis of the patients. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjnm.v17i1.22499 Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 17(1): 97-103, January 2014