bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Robust model reference tracking control for interval type‐2 fuzzy stochastic systems
Authors: Kavikumar Ramasamy , Sakthivel Rathinasamy , Kwon Oh‐Min , Kaviarasan Boomipalagan
Published: February 2020

This study considers the uncertainty and disturbance estimator‐based control problem for interval type‐2 fuzzy stochastic systems with disturbances. The proposed control approach accurately estimates system unknown delays, uncertainties, non‐linearities and external disturbances by introducing an appropriate filter. Precisely, the filter's bandwidth is one of the most important parameters in designing and tuning the controller to deal with unknown delays, uncertainties, non‐linearities and disturbances. By using the Lyapunov–Krasovskii stability theorem and the linear matrix inequality approach, the required stability conditions and the control gain matrices for the system under consideration are obtained. Further, the effectiveness of the proposed control law is verified using two numerical examples.
Model predictive current control for multilevel CHB‐PMSM system with lower calculation
Authors: Yan Yan , Liu Fushun , Shi Tingna , Zhang Guozheng , Wang Zhiqiang , Xia Changliang
Published: February 2020

Due to the large number of voltage vectors in the multilevel inverter, the traditional multilevel model predictive control has a problem of heavy online computing burden. In this study, a model predictive current control strategy for multilevel‐cascaded H‐bridge inverter‐permanent‐magnet synchronous motor (CHB‐PMSM) system is proposed. By deeply analysing the relationship between current vector and increment of the voltage vector, the candidate voltage vector sets in dynamic and steady state are optimised. Besides, the number of candidate voltage vectors is reduced to two regardless of the levels of CHB inverter, avoiding all voltage vectors participating in the calculation. Consequently, the experimental results on the CHB‐PMSM system verify that the proposed strategy can significantly reduce the computational complexity and make the motor system obtain good dynamic and steady‐state performance.
Electrostatic shielding for bearings discharge currents attenuation: analysis of its effectiveness, losses and impact on the motor performance – a study for design guidelines
Authors: Alves Êvo Marco Túlio , de Paula Hélder
Published: February 2020

The authors deal with the use of electrostatic shielding to mitigate the electric discharge machining (EDM) currents on the induction machine bearings. Employing 2D and 3D models, several finite element analysis (FEA) simulations were thoroughly made addressing the shielding effectiveness to attenuate the shaft‐to‐frame voltage and the associated eddy current losses for different shield widths, thicknesses and materials. The obtained results provide very good guidelines for the practical design of the shielding device. In addition, comparisons between frequency‐ and time‐domain models highlight the importance of considering factors such as the saturation of the iron core, the rotor movement and non‐sinusoidal sources to compute the eddy current losses in the shield. Besides, the authors present a comprehensive theoretical review of the EDM currents, where the main influencing factors and action mechanisms are compiled in a clear and didactic approach, for the purpose of broad comprehension.
Stagger period estimation algorithm for multiple sets of radar pulses
Authors: Zhuojun Xu , Hangwei Hu , Chengwei Xu , Wenting Yang , Chunxu Li , Chengzhi Yang , Yantao Tian
Published: February 2020

To apply the Ramanujan filter bank based on the compressed sensing theory to the period estimation of multiple sets of radar pulses, alternatives to period data and the Ramanujan Subspace are proposed in this study. First, the rationality of alternatives to the TOA (time of arrival) model is illustrated by comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the time‐point model and the TOA model. Next, by clarifying the zero‐sum energy property of the Ramanujan Subspace, the possibility of finding an alternative to the discrete Fourier transform sequence with smaller data is proved. On this basis, a new algorithm for estimating the stagger period of mixed pulses is proposed, which introduces the initial phase of the stagger pulses. The results of the experiments show that the algorithm can accurately estimate the hidden stagger periods of mixed pulses, and it is adept at dealing with false and missing mixed pulses.
DopplerNet: a convolutional neural network for recognising targets in real scenarios using a persistent range–Doppler radar
Authors: Roldan Ignacio , del‐Blanco Carlos R. , Duque de Quevedo Álvaro , Ibañez Urzaiz Fernando , Gismero Menoyo Javier , Asensio López Alberto , Berjón Daniel , Jaureguizar Fernando , García Narciso
Published: February 2020

In the past few years, the commercial use of drones has exploded, since they are a safe and cost‐effective solution for many kinds of problems. However, this fact also opens the door for malicious use. This work presents a novel system able to detect and recognise drones from other targets, allowing the police and security agencies to deal with this new aerial thread. The proposed system only uses a persistent range–Doppler radar, avoiding the restrictions of the optical sensors, usually required for the recognition part. The processing is based on constant false alarm rate detection stage, followed by a convolutional neural network that performs the recognition. This network takes as input raw range–Doppler radar data and predicts their class (car, person, or drone). For this purpose, an extensive controlled trial test campaign has been performed, resulting in a novel dataset with more than 17,000 samples of drones, cars, and people, acquired in real outdoor scenarios. As far as authors’ knowledge, this is the first range–Doppler radar database for the recognition of drones and other targets. The high‐accuracy results (99.48%) suggest that this system could be successfully used in security and defence applications to discriminate between drones and other entities.
TraMoS
Authors: Cortés-Zuleta Pía , Rojo Patricio , Wang Songhu , Hinse Tobias C. , Hoyer Sergio , Sanhueza Bastian , Correa-Amaro Patricio , Albornoz Julio
Published: February 2020

We present 22 new transit observations of the exoplanets WASP-18Ab, WASP-19b, and WASP-77Ab, from the Transit Monitoring in the South project. We simultaneously model our newly collected transit light curves with archival photometry and radial velocity data to obtain refined physical and orbital parameters. We include TESS light curves of the three exoplanets to perform an extended analysis of the variations in their transit mid-time (TTV) and to refine their planetary orbital ephemeris. We did not find significant TTVRMS variations larger than 47, 65, and 86 s for WASP-18Ab, WASP-19b, and WASP-77Ab, respectively. Dynamical simulations were carried out to constrain the masses of a possible perturber. The observed mean square (RMS) could be produced by a perturber body with an upper limit mass of 9, 2.5, 11 and 4 M⊕ in 1:2, 1:3, 2:1, and 3:1 resonances in the WASP-18Ab system. In the case of WASP-19b, companions with masses up to 0.26, 0.65, 1, and 2.8 M⊕, in 1:2, 2:1, 3:1, and 5:3 resonances respectively, produce the RMS. For the WASP-77Ab system, this RMS could be produced by a planet with mass in the range of 1.5−9 M⊕ in 1:2, 1:3, 2:1, 2:3, 3:1, 3:5, or 5:3 resonances. Comparing our results with RV variations, we discard massive companions with 350 M⊕ in 17:5 resonance for WASP-18Ab, 95 M⊕ in 4:1 resonance for WASP-19b, and 105 M⊕ in 5:2 resonance for WASP-77Ab. Finally, using a Lomb-Scargle period search we find no evidence of a periodic trend on our TTV data for the three exoplanets.
MIRACLES: atmospheric characterization of directly imaged planets and substellar companions at 4–5 μm
Authors: Stolker T. , Quanz S. P. , Todorov K. O. , Kühn J. , Mollière P. , Meyer M. R. , Currie T. , Daemgen S. , Lavie B.
Published: February 2020

Context. Directly imaged planets and substellar companions are key targets for the characterization of self-luminous atmospheres. Their photometric appearance at 4–5 μm is sensitive to the chemical composition and cloud content of their atmosphere.

Aims. We aim to systematically characterize the atmospheres of directly imaged low-mass companions at 4–5 μm. We want to homogeneously process the data, provide robust flux measurements, and compile a photometric library at thermal wavelengths of these mostly young, low-gravity objects. In this way, we want to find trends related to their spectral type and surface gravity by comparing with isolated brown dwarfs and predictions from atmospheric models.

Methods. We used the high-resolution, high-contrast capabilities of NACO at the Very Large Telescope (VLT) to directly image the companions of HIP 65426, PZ Tel, and HD 206893 in the NB4.05 and/or M′ filters. For the same targets, and additionally β Pic, we also analyzed six archival VLT/NACO datasets which were taken with the NB3.74, L′, NB4.05, and M′ filters. The data processing and photometric extraction of the companions was done with PynPoint while the species toolkit was used to further analyze and interpret the fluxes and colors.

Results. We detect for the first time HIP 65426 b, PZ Tel B, and HD 206893 B in the NB4.05 filter, PZ Tel B and HD 206893 B in the M′ filter, and β Pic b in the NB3.74 filter. We provide calibrated magnitudes and fluxes with a careful analysis of the error budget, both for the new and archival datasets. The L′–NB4.05 and L′–M′ colors of the studied sample are all red while the NB4.05–M′ color is blue for β Pic b, gray for PZ Tel B, and red for HIP 65426 b and HD 206893 B (although typically with low significance). The absolute NB4.05 and M′ fluxes of our sample are all larger than those of field dwarfs with similar spectral types. Finally, the surface gravity of β Pic b has been constrained to log g = 4.17−0.13+0.10 dex from its photometry and dynamical mass.

Conclusions. A red color at 3–4 μm and a blue color at 4–5 μm might be (partially) caused by H2O and CO absorption, respectively, which are expected to be the most dominant gaseous opacities in hot (Teff ≳ 1300 K) atmospheres. The red characteristics of β Pic b, HIP 65426 b, and HD 206893 B at 3–5μm, as well as their higher fluxes in NB4.05 and M′ compared to field dwarfs, indicate that cloud densities are enhanced close to the photosphere as a result of their low surface gravity.
Formation of single-moon systems around gas giants
Authors: Fujii Yuri I. , Ogihara Masahiro
Published: February 2020

Context. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the formation process of satellite systems, and relatively large moons are thought to be born in circumplanetary disks. Making a single-moon system is known to be more difficult than multiple-moon or moonless systems.

Aims. We aim to find a way to form a system with a single large moon, such as Titan around Saturn. We examine the orbital migration of moons, which change their direction and speed depending on the properties of circumplanetary disks.

Methods. We modeled dissipating circumplanetary disks with taking the effect of temperature structures into account and calculated the orbital evolution of Titan-mass satellites in the final evolution stage of various circumplanetary disks. We also performed N-body simulations of systems that initially had multiple satellites to see whether single-moon systems remained at the end.

Results. The radial slope of the disk-temperature structure characterized by the dust opacity produces a patch of orbits in which the Titan-mass moons cease inward migration and even migrate outward in a certain range of the disk viscosity. The patch assists moons initially located in the outer orbits to remain in the disk, while those in the inner orbits fall onto the planet.

Conclusions. We demonstrate for the first time that systems can form that have only one large moon around giant planet. Our N-body simulations suggest satellite formation was not efficient in the outer radii of circumplanetary disks.
The WISSH quasars project
Authors: Zappacosta L. , Piconcelli E. , Giustini M. , Vietri G. , Duras F. , Miniutti G. , Bischetti M. , Bongiorno A. , Brusa M. , Chiaberge M. , Comastri A. , Feruglio C. , Luminari A. , Marconi A. , Ricci C. , Vignali C. , Fiore F.
Published: February 2020

Hyper-luminous quasars (Lbol ≳ 1047 erg s−1) are ideal laboratories to study the interaction and impact of the extreme radiative field and the most powerful winds in the active galactic nuclei (AGN) nuclear regions. They typically exhibit low coronal X-ray luminosity (LX) compared to the ultraviolet (UV) and mid-infrared (MIR) radiative outputs (LUV and LUV); a non-negligible fraction of them report even ∼1 dex weaker LX compared to the prediction of the well established LX–LUV and LX–LUV relations followed by the bulk of the AGN population. In our WISE/SDSS-selected Hyper-luminous (WISSH) z = 2 − 4 broad-line quasar sample, we report on the discovery of a dependence between the intrinsic 2–10 keV luminosity (L2 − 10) and the blueshifted velocity of the CIV emission line (vCIV) that is indicative of accretion disc winds. In particular, sources with the fastest winds (vCIV ≳ 3000 km s−1) possess ∼0.5–1 dex lower L2 − 10 than sources with negligible vCIV. No similar dependence is found on LUV, LUV, Lbol, the photon index, or the absorption column density. We interpret these findings in the context of accretion disc wind models. Both magnetohydrodynamic and line-driven models can qualitatively explain the reported relations as a consequence of X-ray shielding from the inner wind regions. In case of line-driven winds, the launch of fast winds is favoured by a reduced X-ray emission, and we speculate that these winds may play a role in directly limiting the coronal hard X-ray production.
Comparative Study of Groundwater Pollution of M’nasra and Sfafaa zones (Gharb, Morocco) by Nitrates
Authors: El Khodrani Najib , Omrania Serine , Nouayti Abdrrahim , Zouahri Abdelmajid , Douaik Ahmed , Iaaich Hamza , Lahmar Mbark , Fekhaoui Mohammed
Published: February 2020

The quality of water resources in Morocco is degraded by pollution from agriculture, industry and urbanization. In this work we have realized a comparative study of two groundwater pollution zones: M’nasra (Kenitra) and Sfafaa (Sidi Slimane). In general, the results of this study showed that most water wells are strongly mineralized as the conductivity far exceeds the standard of drinking water. Sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration is between 33.9 and 1184.6 mg / l and shows some of the wells are loaded with salts. The pH is generally basic in all wells. Pollution by nitrates two regions showed that the ground water is strongly affected M’nasra zone terms of the permeability of the soil of the city. The concentration of nitrate can reach high values compared to the results obtained on the ground water at Sfafaa zone whose nitrate concentrations around 20 mg/l. Further pollution of groundwater in the two regions of the shows values of organic matters that go far beyond the standards of drinking.
Effectiveness of vertical system planted with Renealmia Alpinia used in sub-humid climate to treat urban wastewater: a case study in the pilot site Bouregreg-ONEE RABAT
Authors: Kabbour Amal , Mouhir Latifa , Laaouan Mohamed , El Hafidi Mustapha , Saafadi Laila
Published: February 2020

Wastewater treatment is a global environmental issue. In Morocco, 45% of wastewater is treated before its discharge. Their impact on the environment is further aggravated by the degradation or absence of the sewerage liquid system. The constructed wetlands are alternative systems for the treatment of wastewater. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate period adaptation (60 days) of a substitute plant Renealmia alpinia, and its potential for treating wastewater generated by the campus of the National Office of Electricity and Drinking Water (ONEE) of Rabat. A pilot experimental setup (tank) was constructed. The pumping rate was adjusted to 0.7 m3 / h while the density ofR. alpiniaplanting on the surface of the filter massif was 6 plants/m2. At the end of monitoring, planting density was superior of 30, and R.alpinia plants have completed this phase clearly without any disease symptoms present. The treated water obtained from outlet and wastewater were analysed for various water quality parameters such as Biological oxygen demand (BOD), Chemical oxygen demand (COD) and Suspended solids (SS). The vertical system is able to remove 49 % of BOD, 80 % of COD, 88 % of SS. The results obtained are within the permissible limits for domestic rejects according to National legislation of Morocco. Overall results demonstrated that the selected plant posses a high potential for treating wastewater, it could represent a sustainable and inexpensive biotechnological strategy for untreated wastewater.
The environnemental quality of soil under wheat and vinesin the region of Mohammadia Benslimane (Morocco)
Authors: Zaakour Fatna , Saber Najib , Ismaili Alaoui Diyae , Ben Hachmi Mohammed Karim
Published: February 2020

This work aims to assessing the environmental quality of agricultural soils under vine and wheat cultivation in the area of Mohammadia-Benslimane (Morocco). 80 soil samples were collected and studied. The results have been studied and recorded on the agronomic parameters; show that the soil’s textures contain clay andthe values of pH are neutral to slightly acid in all stations. The electrical conductivity values are clearly higher in soils under wheat than in those under vine. The CaCO3 contents within the different studied soils are generally similar in all stations. Moreover, the organic substance rate seems to be more important in the soils under the wheat crops (2%) than in those under the vine crops (1, 7%). For the four analyzed elements: Cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn), the lead and the zinc present a high concentration in the vine yard Plots compared to those of the wheat. The concentrations of the Cadmium in a few stations exceed the standards (2 ppm) and can reach 10,37 ppm. The order of the average’s contents with the lead and the zinc are 20,12 ppm and 148,60 ppm, respectively. They are inadequate with the concentration standards for a normal soil, ie 100 ppm for pb and 300 ppm for zinc. As regards metallic pollution, its index increases, for the soil under the vine (it takes the values from 0.281 to 2.203).
Mechanical characterization and reinforcement of the adobe material of the Chellah archaeological site
Authors: Simou Sana , Baba Khadija , Akkouri Nacer , Lamrani Mohammed , Tajayout Mohammed , Nounah Abderrahmane
Published: February 2020

The evaluation of historical buildings has always posed significant challenges due to the difficulties associated with the characterization of complex geometries, the variability of the properties of building materials and the actual state of damage to these structures. This challenge is even more complex when it concerns historical adobe masonry buildings, because earthen masonry has a high variability and rapid deterioration over time if it is not properly maintained. In the context of the previous, it was important to provide information to support intervention projects in historic centres. This research involves the experimental analysis of the adobe material collected from the Chellah archaeological site (Rabat-Morocco), in order to study the mechanical behaviour of this material as well as that reinforced by wood shaving. A series of mechanical tests carried out, which include compressive and tensile strength on the adobe material and the mixture adobe/wood fibre in different proportions. The improvement of the mechanical properties of the reinforced adobe, led us to a SEM study, which was carried out on the surface of the test specimens to examine the morphology and observe the interfaces of the adobe/wood mixture, as well as the state of dispersion of the fibres in the adobe mixture.
Electrical resistivity tomography contribution to the characterization of underground cavities in the region of Safi, Morocco
Authors: Ait Elfakih Toufiq , Bahi Lahcen , Akhssas Ahmed , Ouadif Latifa , Benkmil Rachid
Published: February 2020

Natural underground cavities represent a major risk that compromises the durability of infrastructures and buildings and requires an urgent evaluation in order to be integrated in urban planning and decision-making. Nevertheless, the assessment of the hazard related to them requires a better understanding of the complexity of karst phenomena that may be well-developed in an area even without the presence of any surface indices. Actually, evolutions of karst underground features are controlled by a set of predisposing factors. The present study aims to contribute to the delineation and characterization of underground cavities in the coastal part between Safi and Oualidia. The choice of the study area was based on a preliminary analysis of site conditions and the main controlling factors of superficial karst especially those related to geology, hydrology and geomorphology. In this part of Safi region, The high salinity of seawater enhances the process of dissolution creating so an aggressive environment and favorable conditions for an accelerated extension of karst networks. In order to detect and estimate the approximate extensions of karst networks and features in this area, results of seven electrical profiles were interpreted in correlation with available geological and hydrogeological information.
Effect ofCarica papayaL. Stem Bark Extracts on Cholesterol Concentration in Rats Induced with Streptosozin
Authors: Safrida Safrida , Sabri Mustafa
Published: February 2020

This study was designed to determine the effect ofCarica papayaL. stem bark extracts on cholesterol concentration in rats induced with glibenclamide. A completely randomized design was used for the experiment which consisted of 6 treatment groups, each group consisted of four rats, as follows:1) KN (negative control, non-diabetic rats); KP, diabetic rats given glibenclamide 10 mg/kg body weight; EP 1, diabetic rats given 0 mg/kg body weight/day extract; EP2, diabetic rats given 100 mg/kg body weight/day extract; and EP3, diabetic rats given 200 mg/kg body weight/day extract, EP4, diabetic rats given 300 mg/kg body weight/day extract for 28 day. The results showed thatC. papayaL. stem bark extract decreased (P<0.05) cholesterol levels in diabetic rats. It was concluded thatC. papayaL. stem bark extract had potential as anti-hypercholesterolemic in diabetic rats.
Effect of Yeast and Lactic Acid Bacteria Probiotic on The Growth of Tiger Shrimp (Penaeus monodon), Microbiology and Water Quality
Authors: Nurliana Nurliana , Khairunisa Fauzia , Siregar Baharuddin H. , Harahap Dicky H.M. , Zamzami Rumi S. , Ayuti Siti R. , Ismail Ismail , Rastina Rastina
Published: February 2020

Yeast and lactic acid bacteria are often used as probiotics. This study aimed to determine the effect of giving yeast and LAB probiotic using fruit waste as a microbial medium on the productivity of tiger shrimp postlarvae (Panaeus monodon). As many as 120 tiger shrimp post-larvae were acclimatized for 2 days. The tiger shrimps post-larvae were divided into 4 treatments; a control group tiger shrimp post larvae without given yeast and LAB probiotic (P0); treatment 1 (P1); treatment 2 (P2) and treatment 3 (P3) in sequence shrimp post larvae given 25 ml; 50 ml; and 75 ml yeast and LAB probiotic/15 L of water. Yeast and LAB probiotic was given in shrimps post-larvae live media for 3 weeks(once per week). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) following the Duncan test. The results of this study showed that yeast and LAB probiotic at a dose 25ml/15 L of water can increase the growth of tiger shrimp post-larvae, reduce the amount ofVibriosp. and maintain the quality of tiger shrimp post larvae environment.
Entamoeba histolytica Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) Agents that Infect Humans and Some Other Mammals: A Review
Authors: Junaidi Junaidi , Cahyaningsih Umi , Purnawarman Trioso , Latif Hadri , Sudarnika Etih , Hayati Zinatul , Muslina Muslina
Published: February 2020

Amoebiasis caused by Entamoeba histolytica is an important issue in world public health because it is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Entamoeba histolytica is the only species of its genus that commonly causes mild irritation, injury, to inflammation of the walls of the colon and cecum. In some cases, parasites also invade other organs, especially the liver, lungs, kidneys, and brain. Methods: Our article search uses the help of four search engines namely Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and Springer. Results: Entamoeba histolytica is not easily transmitted from animals to humans, due to the fact that this parasite rarely encysts in the intestinal lumen of animals which is an important factor in the transmission of this parasite. And conversely, subclinical amebiasis in humans acts as the dominant host for transmission of this parasite either from human to human or from human to animal.
Confirmation of Anopheles balabacensis as natural vector of malaria caused by Plasmodium knowlesi inhabits forested areas in Kecamatan Balik Bukit, Western Lampung Regency
Authors: Wibowo Agus A. , Umniyati Sitti R. , Hutagalung Jontari , Rahayu Tanti
Published: February 2020

This study was conducted to confirm the Anopheles spp as malaria vector inhabits forested areas in Western Lampung Regency, Sumatra Island, Indonesia. Anopheles spp. were sampled using the human landing catch method at a remote forest habitat. Each caput and thorax of Anopheles balabacensis specimen was placed separately inside a sterilized mortar and the tissue homogenized using a sterile pestle. The total DNA was extracted from the tissues according to QIAamp DNA Mini Kit protocol. The presence of malaria parasites in the mosquitoes was detected using nested PCR by targeting the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene of Plasmodium. A PCR primer pair, rPLU1, and rPLU5, was used in the first PCR reaction, while another pair (Pkr and Pkf) was used in the second PCR reaction for detecting Plasmodium knowlesi. There was only 1 Anopheles balabacensis mosquito caught in a remote forest habitat during this study. The results of the molecular analysis showed a positive result for Plasmodium knowlesi, which showed a similarity level of 99% with Plasmodium knowlesi isolates from JOHOR02.018S, and Plasmodium knowlesi clone H033H82 isolates from Serawak, and Plasmodium knowlesi genome isolates SWK113.2.18S. It is a confirmed natural vector of Plasmodium knowlesi namely Anopheles balabacensis in a remote forest habitat in Kecamatan Balik Bukit.
Effect of Salix Tetrasperma Roxb. Extract on The Value of Feed Conversion Ratio, Carcass Weight, and Abdominal Fat Content of Broiler Chicken with Heat Stress Condition
Authors: Sugito Sugito , Rahmi Erdiansyah , Delima Mira , Nurliana Nurliana , Rusli Rusli , Isa M.
Published: February 2020

Heat stress on broiler chickens has an impact on the value of feed conversion ratio (FCR), carcass weight, and abdominal fat content. These impacts can be reduced by administering plant extracts, such as salix plant extract. However, the effect of this plant extract on normal condition is still unknown. This study aimed to determine the effect of salix extract to the value of feed conversion ratio, carcass weight, and abdominal fat content in chickens with heat stress and compared with chickens in normal conditions. This study used 30 samples of 21-day old broiler chickens. This research was conducted using a complete factorial randomized design with 2 x 3 treatment factors and 5 repetitions. The first factor consisted of two treatment conditions, namely heat stress (HS) and no heat stress (nHS), while the second factor consisted of three doses of salix extract treatment, dose 0 (ES-0), 50 (ES-50), and 100 (ES-100) mg/L of drinking water. Heat stress was conducted by increasing the temperature of the cage to 34 ± 1 °C for 4 hours per day. Salix extract was added in drinking water and given 2 hours before the temperature reached 34 ± 1 °C. Chickens without heat stress were kept in the cage at 25 ± 1 °C using air-condition (AC). Data were analyzed using two way ANOVA using SPSS 20. The results showed that administration of salix extract on heat stress chickens did not affect the FCR value and carcass weight, but had a significant effect (P ≤ 0.05) on abdominal fat weight. Fat content in the abdominal was higher (P≤ 0.05) in chickens with heat stress and given salix extract than non heat stress.
Recipient Selection to Support The Success Rate of Frozen-Thawed Belgian Blue Embryo Transfer
Authors: Kurniati Weni , Agil Muhammad , Purwantara Bambang , Imron Muhammad
Published: February 2020

Frozen-thawed Belgian Blue (BB) Embryo transfer (TE) is an effort of fulfilling meat demand in Indonesia. This research aimed at observing the correlation between estrus expressions of standing heat and the correlation of CL characteristics on the success rate of frozen-thawed BB embryo transfer. The study was conducted on 55 recipient cattle with 62 times of TE application, which were categorized into three groups, namely FTET estrus synchronization (n=14), 24-hour natural estrus detection (n=30) and twice-a-day natural estrus detection (n=18). The implemented synchronization was the combination of estradiol-progesterone and hCG with the modification of 24-hour estrus detection between day-9 and 10. The second method was a natural estrus detection, which was conducted four times for 30 minutes, and the third method was twice-aday estrus detection for 90 minutes. The CL characteristics were observed using ultrasonography (USG) in the TE application day. Pregnancy per ET (P/ET) was determined by ultrasonography on d-20, 30, and 50. This research revealed that expressions of standing heat increased P/ET (p<0.05). The pregnancy loss rate was lower of the recipient which showed the estrus expression of standing heat (18.18%) compared to recipients did not show standing heat (40%). Based on the estrus detection method, there was no significant difference between the FTET modification method and the percentage of pregnancy (p>0.05). The CL characteristics showed there was no correlation between CL diameter with the pregnancy success rate of TE (p>0.05).
Survey to Investigate the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Pet Owners on Animal Health Control in the City of Banda Aceh
Authors: Amiruddin Amiruddin , Ferasyi Teuku R. , Rahmi Erdiansyah , Sulaiman Rusli , Athaillah Farida , Hambal Muhammad , Erwin Erwin , Hasan Muhammad , Jalaluddin Muhammad , Salim Muhammad N. , Daud Razali , Rosa Teuku S. , Habiburrahman Habiburrahman
Published: February 2020

This study was aimed to obtain information on pet owners understanding towards animal health control in the City of Banda Aceh. The survey was conducted by interview pet owners those visited Veterinary clinics in the City of Banda Aceh. A number of 51 pet owners were included as respondent in this study. The interview was conducted using a structure questionnaire, which contained both open and closed questions. The pet owners were interviewed for the knowledge, attitude, and practice toward animal health control. Data obtained in this study were analysed descriptively, continued with chi-square test. The results showed that most of the owners interviewed in three animal clinics in the City of Banda Aceh were keeping cats as their pet animals (98.04%), and a few proportion of them were the owner of dogs. At proportion of 60.78% of the pet owners were women, and men only 39.22%. Statistical analysis showed that there were significant association (p<0.05) between knowledge, attitude, and practice towards animal health control of the owners those visited the three clinics in the City of Banda Aceh. Based on the results of this study it is concluded that most of the pet owners those visited veterinary clinics in Banda Aceh have good knowledge, attitude, and practice towards animal health control.
The Length-Weight Relationship ofMetapenaeopsis mogiensisin North Aceh Waters, Indonesia
Authors: Muhammadar Abdullah A. , Putra Dedi F. , Ulfa Maria , Zulfahmi Zulfahmi , Sarong Muhammad A.
Published: February 2020

Shrimp as one of potential commodity which hasahigh protein and savory flavor of meat is highly favored by the people in the country and abroad. The catch activity of theMetapenaeopsis mogiensisshrimp by the fisherman in Pusong Lama, Lhoksemawe has long been a livelihood. However, if the shrimp catching activity was carried out continuously without any restrictions, it can threaten the sustainability of the shrimp. The purpose of this study was to determine the lenght-weight relationship of shrimp caught in the waters of Aceh Utara, Indonesia. This research was expected to provide additional information on the existence ofMetapenaeus mogiensisshrimp and future sustainable resource management for farmers. The research method used was a simple random withdrawal method by taking shrimp samples randomly from a basket of fishermen's catch in one sail. A total of 10% shrimp samples of the total catch of fishermen was taken, then length was measured and weighed. Sampling was carried out in July2019 at TPI Pusong lama, Lhoksemawe. The length of carapace of male shrimp ranges from 14.8 mm to 22.2 mm and females 13.9 mm to 22.1 mm.The weight of male shrimp ranges from 2.17 grams to 6.73 grams and the weight of female shrimp ranges from 2.01 grams to 5.83 grams. Growth patterns found in both males and femalesshowed allometric negatives and the ratio of sex was 1.5: 1 (male:female).
Antibacterial Activity of Curcuma longa (turmeric), Curcuma zedoaria (zedoary), and Allium sativum (garlic) Nanoparticle Extract on Chicken with Chronic Respiratory Disease Complex: In Vivo Study
Authors: Handharyani Ekowati , Sutardi Lina N. , Mustika Aulia A. , Andriani Andriani , Yuliani Sri
Published: February 2020

Previous in vitro studies showed that nanoparticle extract of turmeric, zedoary, and garlic exhibit antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma gallisepticum (M. gallisepticum) which causes chronic respiratory disease (CRD) in chicken. This research aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of nanoparticles of Curcuma longa, Curcuma zedoaria, and Allium sativum extract to CRD infected chicken. In vivo test of antibacterial activity of turmeric, zedoary, and garlic nanoparticle in combination was conducted on chicken infected by M. gallisepticum and Escherichia coli (E.coli). Antibiotic control used was enrofloxacin. As many as 75 chickens were divided into 5 groups containing 15 chickens each. Group one consisted of healthy chickens (positive control); group two consisted of chickens that have been inoculated by bacteria (negative control); group three (treatment) were chickens inoculated by bacterium and given extract nanoparticle combination on day 7 of infection for 7 days; group four (prevention) were chickens inoculated by bacterium and given combination of extract nanoparticles on day 5 before infection for 14 days; group five were chickens inoculated with bacterium and given enrofloxacin antibiotics for 7 days. In vivo research results showed increased body weight and performance indicated by improvements in clinical signs, and gross pathology changes. The combination of three extract nanoparticles showed the best activity in controlling CRD in chicken, both as preventive and curative means.
Anti-inflammatory Activity of Ethanol Extract from Malacca Leaves (Phyllanthus emblica) in Carrageenan Induced Male Mice
Authors: Asmilia Nuzul , Sutriana Amalia , Aliza Dwinna , Sudril Nurfadilla
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the ethanol extract of malacca leaves (Phyllanthus emblica) to reduce carrageenan-induced edema in mice. This study used 25 mice which were divided into 5 groups with 5 mice per group. All the mice were induced inflammation using carrageenan at a dose of 1%. Mice in group 1 were not given piroxicam and malacca leaves extract. Mice in group 2 were treated with 20 mg of piroxicam suspension. Mice in groups 3, 4, and 5 were given ethanol extract of malacca leaves with doses of 100 mg/kg bb, 200 mg/kg bb, and 300 mg/kg bb, respectively. Edema volume measurements were performed on 5th day by collecting exudates using a syringe. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and continued with the Duncan test. The result showed that the average of edema volume in the negative control group was 0.09 ± 0.02 mL, while in the positive control group was 0.05 ± 0.03 mL. The average edema volume in groups 3, 4, dan 5 were 0.07 ± 0.01 mL, 0.06 ± 0.02 mL dan 0.07 ± 0.01 mL, respectively. It is concluded that the ethanol extract of malacca leaves (Phyllanthus emblica) can reduce the carrageenan-induced edema in male mice.
A comparison of two automatic solar tracking algorithms
Authors: Lehloka Motlatsi , Swart James , Hertzog Pierre
Published: February 2020

Due to global climate change as a result of pollution caused by the burning of fossil fuels, the world has changed its view when it comes to power generation. The focus is now more on natural and clean energy, such as solar PV systems. An effective solar PV system is not a simple system, as the sun is not a stationery object. The sun moves from east to west daily and that makes the design and installation of an effective solar PV system challenging for optimal power harvesting. The purpose of this paper is to compare two algorithms (linear regression and fuzzy logic) that are applied to a dual-axis tracker in order to maximize the output power yield that may be obtained from a fixed-axis system. One fixed-axis PV module serves as the baseline for comparing the results of the dual-axis trackers that are controlled by the two algorithms. A key recommendation is to align a PV module perpendicular to the sun from sunrise to sunset using a control algorithm based on fuzzy logic principles in order to extract the maximum amount of available energy.
A strategy for electricity buyers in futures markets
Authors: Monteiro Claudio , Ramirez-Rosado Ignacio J. , Fernandez-Jimenez L. Alfredo
Published: February 2020

This paper presents an original trading strategy for electricity buyers in futures markets. The strategy applies a medium-term electricity price forecasting model to predict the monthly average spot price which is used to evaluate the Risk Premium for a physical delivery under a monthly electricity futures contract. The proposed trading strategy aims to provide an advantage relatively to the traditional strategy of electricity buyers (used as benchmark), anticipating the good/wrong decision of buying electricity in the futures market instead in the day-ahead market. The mid-term monthly average spot price forecasting model, which supports the trading strategy, uses only information available from futures and spot markets at the decision moment. Both the new trading strategy and the monthly average spot price forecasting model, proposed in this paper, have been successfully tested with historical data of the Iberian Electricity Market (MIBEL), although they could be applied to other electricity markets.
Safety analysis of live working operators under zero potential
Authors: Yang Qi , Wang Zhenyu , Zhu Liang , Zou Dehua , Guo Hao
Published: February 2020

With the application of the live working method of the zero phase potential of the working phase more and more widely, the safety of the live working operators is urgently needed for research. Considering the influence of electric shock time and frequency on the allowable current of the human body, the safe current is analyzed during live operation, and it is concluded that in the frequency range of 50~60Hz, the current below 50mA can basically guarantee that it will not die after electric shock. In the three scenarios where the insulator maintenance personnel accidentally touch the ground, the grounding wire shocks the electric shock and the charged electric shock of the tower, the human body electric shock is further analyzed. Finally, based on the CDEGS, the model of the human body contacting the grounding conductor is established. The simulation verifies the influence of the allowable current on the time and frequency of the human body withstand current under the zero potential state through the contact voltage diagram and the danger degree diagram.
Planets orbiting other stars: the search for extraterrestrial life
Authors: Snellen Ignas
Published: February 2020

Since the Nobel-prize-winning discovery of a planet orbiting a sun-like star, the field of extrasolar planets is undergoing a true revolution. Thousands of planets have been found, of which some may be like Earth. Could there be biological activity on any of these, and how do we find out?
EPS and Open Science: an update
Authors: Rossel C. , van Dyck L.
Published: February 2020

The movement towards an Open Science is well engaged and irreversible. It includes Open Access publishing, Open Data and Open Collaborations with several new orientations, among which citizen science. Indeed, in the digital era, the way research is performed, its output shared and published is changing significantly, as are the expectations of policy makers and society at large.
A conforming mixed finite element method for the Navier–Stokes/Darcy–Forchheimer coupled problem
Authors: Caucao Sergio , Discacciati Marco , Gatica Gabriel N. , Oyarzúa Ricardo
Published: February 2020

In this work we present and analyse a mixed finite element method for the coupling of fluid flow with porous media flow. The flows are governed by the Navier–Stokes and the Darcy–Forchheimer equations, respectively, and the corresponding transmission conditions are given by mass conservation, balance of normal forces, and the Beavers–Joseph–Saffman law. We consider the standard mixed formulation in the Navier–Stokes domain and the dual-mixed one in the Darcy–Forchheimer region, which yields the introduction of the trace of the porous medium pressure as a suitable Lagrange multiplier. The well-posedness of the problem is achieved by combining a fixed-point strategy, classical results on nonlinear monotone operators and the well-known Schauder and Banach fixed-point theorems. As for the associated Galerkin scheme we employ Bernardi–Raugel and Raviart–Thomas elements for the velocities, and piecewise constant elements for the pressures and the Lagrange multiplier, whereas its existence and uniqueness of solution is established similarly to its continuous counterpart, using in this case the Brouwer and Banach fixed-point theorems, respectively. We show stability, convergence, anda priorierror estimates for the associated Galerkin scheme. Finally, we report some numerical examples confirming the predicted rates of convergence, and illustrating the performance of the method.
A stiffly stable semi-discrete scheme for the characteristic linear hyperbolic relaxation with boundary
Authors: Boutin Benjamin , Nguyen Thi Hoai Thuong , Seguin Nicolas
Published: February 2020

We study the stability of the semi-discrete central scheme for the linear damped wave equation with boundary. We exhibit a sufficient condition on the boundary to guarantee the uniform stability of the initial boundary value problem for the relaxation system independently of the stiffness of the source term and of the space step. The boundary is approximated using a summation-by-parts method and the stiff stability is proved using energy estimates and the Laplace transform. We also investigate if the condition is also necessary, following the continuous case studied by Xin and Xu (J. Differ. Equ. 167 (2000) 388–437).
Mode shift at bottleneck increasing transit dispatch in peak time
Authors: Lan-fen ZHONG , Wen-zhong WANG
Published: February 2020

For attracting more auto commuters to shift to transit mode and mitigating congestion at a bottleneck in morning &rush hour, additional dispatches of transit are operated during peak time. Classical bottleneck model combining with Logit-based discrete choice formula is extended to investigate commuters’ mode choice behaviors between private car and public transit. The existence of bi-mode user equilibrium when tolling auto commuter is proofed, and waiting time and time delay costs are formulated in two modes when additional buses are dispatched. Numerical experiments are conducted to examine mode split patterns and aggregate travel cost when additional dispatching service interval varying. Our results show the system aggregate trip cost would reduce prominently when extra buses are added into runs in appropriate time. Especially when waiting time equals 0.65 hour for auto commuters, the system aggregate trip cost would reduce by 70% in theory.
Identification of interventions for better child road safety in Jordan
Authors: Jadaan Khair , Sakashita Chika , Hikmat Ruba
Published: February 2020

Children of Jordan below 18 years are particularly at risk and their proportion of all casualties is rising reaching about 28% in 2016, yet limited research has been carried out to address this problem. This study investigates the magnitude and nature of the child road safety problem with the final aim of identifying the necessary interventions to improve child road safety in Jordan. Road crash death data were provided by the Jordan Traffic Institute. Additional data were sought through interviews with the Jordanian Government and other non-government stakeholders such as the UNICEF Makani Centres (community centres for children). A seat belt observational survey was also conducted. All the data were synthesised to provide a much better understanding of the magnitude and nature of the child road safety issue in Jordan. Potential interventions for Jordan to improve its child road safety situation are provided based on the present data analyse.
Assessing a risk-avoidance navigation system based on localized torrential rain data
Authors: Ito Sadanori , Koji Zettsu
Published: February 2020

Localized torrential rainfall events and related traffic problems are increasing in Japan, suggesting the need for a navigation-alert system to help drivers avoid such risks. Based on ongoing developments of weather radar systems for early detection of localized torrential rain and a cross-data collaboration platform for traffic optimization, in this study we tested the application of a route-guidance system that can help drivers avoid heavy rainfall. Participants were given equivalent levels of pre-training un the early detection of rainfall and the relationship between rainfall and accidents, then allowed to test a driving simulator set up with four alert methods, three route options, and four levels of possible risk avoidance. Using this system, the heavy rain avoidance rate was 85.63%, suggesting that such a system would be socially acceptable and useful, though further research is needed to refine the specific approach.
Split allocation model of intersection group oriented to network carrying capacity limit
Authors: Hu Jianwei , Zhang Ren , Li Ya
Published: February 2020

In view of the network carrying capacity limit under over-saturated condition, a split allocation model of intersection group was developed, which takes total network delay, total output and total queue length as a comprehensive evaluation index. Based on the analysis of the influence of traffic flow turning, road section capacity, signal cycle length and split on traffic control, under the condition of network carrying capacity limit, the global optimization of intersection group splits was realized, taking the network traffic operation state as the basic judgment criterion and the corresponding constraint conditions were constructed. The numerical example analysis and simulation results show that the proposed model can ensure the traffic signal control effect under the premise of different demand states and control objectives, so that the effective prevention and quick dredging of traffic congestion can be realized under the condition of the network carrying capacity limit.