bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel Insights into the Pathogenesis of Monogenic Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract
Authors: van der Ven Amelie T. , Vivante Asaf , Hildebrandt Friedhelm
Published: October 2017

Congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tract (CAKUT) comprise a large spectrum of congenital malformations ranging from severe manifestations, such as renal agenesis, to potentially milder conditions, such as vesicoureteral reflux. CAKUT causes approximately 40% of ESRD that manifests within the first three decades of life. Several lines of evidence indicate that CAKUT is often caused by recessive or dominant mutations in single (monogenic) genes. To date, approximately 40 monogenic genes are known to cause CAKUT if mutated, explaining 5%–20% of patients. However, hundreds of different monogenic CAKUT genes probably exist. The discovery of novel CAKUT-causing genes remains challenging because of this pronounced heterogeneity, variable expressivity, and incomplete penetrance. We here give an overview of known genetic causes for human CAKUT and shed light on distinct renal morphogenetic pathways that were identified as relevant for CAKUT in mice and humans.
Phase-Contrast MRI versus Numerical Simulation to Quantify Hemodynamical Changes in Cerebral Aneurysms after Flow Diverter Treatment v1
Authors: Arnold Philipp , Sindeev Sergey , Frolov Sergey , Prothmann Sascha , Liepsch Dieter , Balasso Andrea , Berg Philipp , Kaczmarz Stephan , Kirschke Jan
Published: October 2017

Cerebral aneurysms are a major risk factor for intracranial bleeding with devastating consequences for the patient. One recently established treatment is the implantation of flow diverters (FD). Methods to predict their treatment success before or directly after implantation are not well investigated yet. The aim of this work was to quantitatively study hemodynamic parameters in patient-specific models of treated cerebral aneurysms and its correlation with the clinical outcome. Hemodynamics were evaluated using both computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and phase contrast (PC) MRI. For preoperative and postoperative distribution of hemodynamic parameters, CFD simulations and PC-MRI velocity measurements showed similar results. In both cases where no occlusion of the aneurysm was observed after six months, a flow reduction of about 30-50% was found, while in the clinically successful case with complete occlusion of the aneurysm after 6 months, the flow reduction was about 80%. No vortex was observed in any of the three models after treatment. The results are in agreement with recent studies suggesting that CFD simulations can predict treatment success or failure already before implantation of an FD and PC-MRI could validate the predicted hemodynamic changes right after implantation of an FD.
High molecular weight gDNA extraction after Mayjonade et al. optimised for eucalyptus for nanopore sequencing v9
Authors: Schalamun Miriam , Schwessinger Benjamin
Published: October 2017

Extraction of high quality DNA for long read sequencing e.g. the Oxford Nanopore Optimized for DNA extraction from eucalyptus grandis and eucalyptus pauciflora. This protocol contains an optional Chloroform clean up step which is necessary for eucalyptus but might not be for other tissue. For long DNA fragments don't vortex the DNA sample.
Relaxing Biofeedback as a Psychological Correction Technique in the Treatment and Rehabilitation of the Vocal Apparatus Diseases
Authors: Barabanov R.E. , Fantalova E.
Published: October 2017

The article deals with the psychological treatment of patients with voice disorders using the latest computer technology psychotherapy. The paper describes a method of psychological treatment based on biofeedback relaxation. The data on the dynamics of changes in physiological parameters, psycho-emotional background, as well as the state of the voice functions, taking into account the treatment. It describes the techniques and methods of work on the unit. On the basis of the data evaluated the effectiveness of this method in rehabilitation of voice function in patients with voice disorders. Substantiates the proposition that biofeedback relaxation is highly effective and non-invasive method of treatment and health effects in the treatment and rehabilitation of diseases of the vocal apparatus, helping to reduce the level of anxiety, psychosocial stress, as well as increase the level of vitality. Using biorelaxation technology can increase stress levels and ensures the production of constructive behavior strategies in stress situations. Relaxing biofeedback helps to reduce muscle tension and raising the level of skin temperature as autonomic response of the patients at the beginning and end of the training differed significantly, and the vegetative balance towards the end of the course was shifted toward parasympathetic reactions.
The Implementation of the Visual Self-Assessment Scale as a Method of Formation of Rehabilitation Motivation
Authors: Romanovsky N.V. , Novikova E.
Published: October 2017

The article describes an experimental study of persons with acquired disabilities, conducted in 2016 on the basis of the Center “Preodolenie” (Moscow). The study involved 30 people aged 40 to 75 years. The main objective of the study was increasing patients ‘motivation for rehanilitation using modification of the technique for diagnosing the self-appraisal of the Dembo-Rubinstein - corrective-diagnostic technique "Self-appraisal scale". In the pilot study, we had to assess the effectiveness of the corrective component of this method in terms of increasing motivation to rehabilitation. The results of the study indicate the probable effectiveness of this method. As we can see in more realistic subjects self-appraisal and the level of claims, as well as a depression and anxiety level decrease compared with the initial similar indicators.
De la supremacía de la Constitución a la Supremacía de la Convención
Authors: Garzón Buenaventura Edgar Fabian
Published: October 2017

En la cultura de la humanidad desde la edad antigua hasta la contemporaneidad siempre ha existido un orden jurídico que regule el comportamiento para vivir en sociedad, pese a esto, se hizo necesario que se plasmaran derechos y garantías a los ciudadanos y se estableciera la composición del Estado en un orden jurídico que le diera validez a lo que se denominó constitución. Pese a ser acertada, hoy solo es el rezago de una teoría que es fuente histórica mas no fuente material, ya que con la universalización de los Derechos Humanos y sus mecanismos de protección, invita a hacer una lectura del Derecho Internacional de los Derechos Humanos y el derecho procesal constitucional, entre el dialogo Estado-soberanía- derecho de los tratados y fuerza vinculante de las sentencias.
Derecho penal del enemigo y dignidad humana
Authors: Molina González Yohan
Published: October 2017

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo principal revisar brevemente el alcance crítico real que se esconde detrás del achaque sobre la incompatibilidad entre la dignidad humana y el llamado “derecho penal del enemigo.” El resultado al que llegaremos es que aunque aceptemos que el derecho penal del enemigo pueda ser un planteamiento que atente contra la dignidad de la persona, ello por sí mismo no reporta base alguna para objetarle o avalar su exclusión de los sistemas jurídicos aun cuando estos reconozcan la protección de susodicho valor.
The range and potential contribution of irreversibly adsorbed proteins on the surface of artificial implants
Authors: Ponomareva J.V. , Limareva L.V. , Milyakova M.N.
Published: October 2017

Protein adsorption is the first stage of the interaction between prosthetic materials with tissues of the body. They undergo conformational changes depending on the chemical composition and the nanotopography surface. Adsorbed proteins induce adhesion and alter the functional state of migrating cells. Plasma samples from patients were incubated with such matrices as titanium, polypropylene or polyester with fluoropolymer coating meshes. Bound peptides were analyzed by electrophoresis. Qualitative analysis of the peptides extracted from the gel was performed by chromatography-mass spectrometry. Quantitative analysis was performed by the MRM method. More than 60 proteins were identified on the analyzed surfaces. Quantitative analysis showed preferential adsorption of vitronectin, albumin, fibrinogen a-chain, C1ѕ component of the complement system. Vitronectin had the maximum relative protein content. Since biocompatibility of the analyzed materials varies considerably this variability may be attributed to conformational changes occurring with vitronectin during its irreversible adsorption.
Comparison of ultrasound, mammography and histopathology findings of the cases with gynecomastia
Authors: Beyazal Çeliker Fatma , İnci Ercan , Sever Nurten , Cimilli Ahmet Tan , Turan Arzu
Published: October 2017

Background: Gynecomastia is the development of a fibroepithelial structure in the male breast as a result of many benign and malignant effects. In this study, after the confirmation of gynecomastia diagnosis in the male cases with swelling, mass and tenderness in the breast using ultrasound and mammography examinations, its etiology was clarified by laboratory tests. In case of suspicion, the diagnosis was confirmed using Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy (FNAB). The adequacy of ultrasound and mammography was discussed with the obtained information and the information in the literature, and the etiological and radiological classification was done.Methods: Ultrasound and mammography examinations were performed on 74 male patients with growth, palpable masses or pain in the breast. Biochemistry and hormone analysis were performed with imaging methods in the cases of possible gynecomastia. Biopsy was performed on the cases with the suspicion.Results: Gynecomastia were divided into three types in ultrasonic and mammographic examination. The most frequent gynecomastia was observed as Type 3 (51.43%) in ultrasonic examination and as diffuse type (61.42%) in mammographic examination. Pain and tenderness accompanied with swelling at the breast were present in 37.84% of the cases. 31.42% had pubertal gynecomastia, 25.71% had gynecomastia secondary to drug use, and 15% had idiopathic gynecomastia.Conclusions: Combined use of ultrasound and mammography in the diagnosis and classification of gynecomastia is highly sufficient and biopsy should be performed if malignancy is suspected.
Platelet count and Superoxide Dismutase as a marker for severity of Plasmodium infection.
Authors: Shetty Archana , Srinivas Teerthanath , Srinivas Hariprasad
Published: October 2017

Background: Malaria continues to be an important public health problem in developing and underdeveloped countries with high morbidity and mortality. It continues to be one of the major public health problems in India. Plasmodium vivax is the major parasite type causing malaria and Plasmodium falciparum is the major cause of serious and complicated disease. Haematological abnormality which is most commonly seen in malaria is thrombocytopenia followed by anaemia. Identification of predictors of disease severity is critical to improve patient care. This study was undertaken to evaluate the severity of thrombocytopenia and erythrocyte SOD level in infections by plasmodium vivax, falciparum and mixed infection.Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study done on confirmed cases of malaria in a tertiary care hospital in costal Karnataka. All patients tested positive for malaria (either by rapid diagnostic test or peripheral smear) were included and patients presenting with fever who were but treated empirically for malaria were excluded in the study. The type of malarial infection was diagnosed with QBC and thin peripheral smear method; platelet count was done by automated cell counter and estimation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) by nitro blue tetrazolium chloride reduction method.Results: A total of forty infected malaria patients were evaluated. The age range of the infective patients were between 15 to 70 years. Males were more commonly affected than females in the ratio of 5.6:1. The most common type of malaria infection was from P. vivax and mixed infection (40% each) followed by P. falciparum (20%). Majority (50%) of the patient had severe infection followed by mild infection (35%) and moderate infection. The mean platelet count was 1,14,250/cu mm in P.falciparum, 85,000/cu mm in P.vivax infection and 60,625/cu mm in mixed infection. The mean platelet count was least (56,181/cu mm) in severe infective patients than in moderate (91,666/cu mm) and mild (1,21,500/cu mm) infections. The SOD levels was reduced more in P. vivax (26.43U/mg Hb) and mixed infection (20.96U/mg Hb) than P.falciparum (32.74U/mg Hb). SOD levels were proportionally low in severe infection (14.94U/mg Hb), when compared to moderate (20.35 U/mg Hb) and mild infection (32.19 U/mg Hb).Conclusions: Anaemia and thrombocytopenia are the most frequent haematological complications associated malaria. Thrombocytopenia is associated with increase in parasite density and severity of the infection, its more common in P.vivax and mixed infection than P.falciparum infection. The SOD level substantially reduces depending on the severity of malaria. Thrombocytopenia and reduced SOD level is a powerful predictor of disease severity. These parameters could be useful in the clinical approach of patients with malaria for prompt timely initiation of anti-malarial therapy and reduce the mortality.
Pulmonary function profile of children with sickle cell disease
Authors: Tambe Mohankumar K.
Published: October 2017

Background: Lung disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in sickle cell disease (SCD). In view of severe anemia, decreased blood oxygen affinity, pulmonary arterial vaso-occlusion, microinfarction and microfibrosis being associated with sickle cell disease; an analysis of pulmonary function in them will be of great interest.Methods: Seventy 6-12 years old children with SCD (SS pattern) were studied as cases along with age, sex and socioeconomic status matched 70 controls (AA pattern) and comparisons drawn between the two groups.Results: All the static and dynamic pulmonary functions such as FVC, FEV1, MMEFR25-75%, PEFR and MVV were found reduced in sickle cell disease, most of them significantly.Conclusions: Any restrictive, obstructive or combined pattern may be produced in SCD depending upon frequency & severity of the acute chest syndrome and vaso-occlusive crises in past.
Prevalence of peripheral artery disease in diabetes mellitus: research article
Authors: Tyagi Vinod , Gupta Abhishek , Bansal Naman , Virmani S. K.
Published: October 2017

Background: Peripheral artery disease is a major macrovascular complication of diabetes mellitus. Patients with diabetes mellitus have an increased prevalence of PAD. The ankle brachial pressure index is an easy, non invasive and often under utilised tool for diagnosis of PAD.Methods: In the present study, 100 patients from Western Uttar Pradesh with diabetes mellitus were enrolled to find out prevalence of peripheral vascular disease using ankle brachial pressure index and study the associated risk factors.Results: 59 percent of the subjects were female and 41 percent were male. Ankle-brachial index (ABI) examination of patients indicated Abnormal (ABI= <0.9), in 40 cases.Conclusions: it can be concluded that peripheral vascular disease in Diabetes Mellitus is more commonly associated than is generally believed.
Type and mode of diagnosis of carcinoma lung in a tertiary care centre: one year experience
Authors: Balakrishnan Jayaprakash , Prasannakumari Sindhu Nair , Achuthan Ajith , Mathew John
Published: October 2017

Background: Lung cancer is one of the commonest cancers and cause of cancer related deaths all over the world. The reported incidence of adenocarcinoma is increasing globally and now reported to be the most common type of lung cancer. A panel of investigations are used for the diagnosis of lung cancer. Hence a study was planned to find out the pattern of malignancy and the most appropriate investigation for diagnosis. Objective of present study was to find out the type of carcinoma lung and to find out the best and easy method for diagnosis of carcinoma lung in a tertiary care centre.Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted in one unit of the Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Government Medical college, Thiruvananthapuram for a period of one year.148 diagnosed cases of carcinoma lung were enrolled. The type and the methods used for diagnosis were analysed.Results: Adenocarcinoma was the commonest malignancy 57 (38.5%), followed by squamous cell carcinoma 44 (29.7%) and small cell carcinoma 10 (6.75%). Rest of the cases 37 (25%) include non small cell carcinoma, poorly differentiated carcinoma and lymphoma. Diagnosis was established by FNA Lung in 46 (31.1%) patients and bronchoscopy and biopsy in 41 (27.7%). Other methods include TBNA 12 (8.1%), lymph node FNA/biopsy 11 (7.4%), pleural fluid cytology 24 (16.2%), sputum cytology and tru cut biopsy 14 (9.5%).Conclusions: The most common type of lung malignancy in present study was adenocarcinoma. Ultra sound guided FNAC lung and bronchoscopy biopsy were the best methods in present study to confirm the diagnosis.
Violence against women: a study on nature, prevalence and extent
Authors: Vachhani Pushti V. , Bhimani Nishant R. , Sutaria Nishith B. , Purani Shyamal K. , Kartha Girija P.
Published: October 2017

Background: To study the nature, prevalence and extent of domestic violence against women in the study area.Methods: The cross-sectional study was carried out in the urban and rural area of Surendranagar district of Gujarat. Total 600 ever married women of 15-49 years of age were selected for the study purpose. The self-administered questionnaire was used to gather all the information. Steps were taken up to maintain confidentiality.Results: Out of total 600 women, 231 (38.5%) were victims of domestic violence in one form or the other. The analysis based on each form of violence discloses that about 83% were victims of psychological violence, about 54% of the victims had experienced physical violence, about 32% were victims of economical violence and about 24% were victims of sexual violence.Conclusions: Husband was the frequent instigator of domestic violence. Psychological violence is the commonest form of violence experienced by the victims.
Microbial quality of herbal juices sold at sport complex in Washim
Authors: Kulkarni Nikhilesh , Narwade Jayshree , Pachori Rachana , Sadar Prithviraj
Published: October 2017

Background: Herbal juices are gaining global attention due to their medicinal properties, nutritive and antioxidant activity. They are frequently consumed by the people of all age groups in the form of health drinks. However, many outbreaks of human infections have been reported to be associated with the consumption of contaminated herbal juices. Hence, microbial quality assessment of herbal juices is utmost important.Methods: The present study was undertaken to detect the existence of enteric pathogens as well as coliforms in the herbal juices sold at sport complex in Washim city area. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing was also performed to evaluate the MDR status of the isolates.Results: The results showed that most of the herbal juices are contaminated with Salmonella, Shigella and Coliforms. The pathogens were found to be multiple drug resistant strains which pose an alarming threat for the consumers.Conclusions: Regular monitoring of the quality of herbal juices for human consumption is recommended to avoid disease outbreak.
A psoriatic arthritis patient who developed hypertriglyceridemia while receiving adalimumab treatment
Authors: Mercantepe Filiz , Topaloğlu Mehmet Serhat , Yildirim Murat , Özkaya Erdem
Published: October 2017

Anti-TNF agents have prominent effect on inflammatory diseases and they probably have various effects on lipid metabolism. Adalimumab (ADA) is the first fully human TNF-alfa antagonist. Our study presents a male patient who developed evident hypertriglyceridemia while receiving ADA treatment. We retrospectively collected data of one psoriatic arthritis patient treated with adalimumab at the University Hospital of Recep Tayyip Erdogan (November 2016). Adalimumab treatment significantly increased triglyceride from 278mg/dl to 4046mg/dl. The influence of adalimumab treatment on lipid profile seems to be proatherogenic, but further investigation is needed to confirm this hypothesis.
Branchial fistula: review of literature and case report
Authors: Mahajan Salil , Sorout Jaya
Published: October 2017

The branchial arches are the embryological precursors of the face, neck and pharynx. Second most common congenital lesions of the head and neck in children are the anomalies of the branchial arches, with second arch anomalies by far the most common. Clinically, these congenital anomalies may present as cysts, sinus tracts, fistulae or cartilaginous remnants with typical clinical and radiological findings. We report the case of 11-month-old male child with congenital Type I Second branchial fistula on the left side of neck.
Malignant gastric outlet obstruction: a clinicopathological study in S. C. B. medical college hospital of Odisha, India
Authors: Panda Srikanta , Behera S. S. , Sarangi Anshuman
Published: October 2017

Background: Gastric outlet obstruction is the clinical and pathophysiological consequence of any disease process that produces a mechanical impediment to gastric emptying. The causes of gastric outlet obstruction can be broadly classified as benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Unless treated in its early stage the prognosis of this disease is very poor. Present study includes details of clinical and pathological aspects of the disease, the treatment protocol and outcomes in the causes of malignant gastric outlet obstruction.Methods: A total number of forty diagnosed case of gastric outlet obstruction due to carcinoma stomach were included in this study who were admitted to the surgical wards. The diagnosis of the disease was established by subjecting them to the physical examination and special diagnostic modalities like, upper GI endoscopy and endoscopic biopsy, USG abdomen, barium meal x ray of the stomach, FNAC, histopathological study of operated specimens.Results: USG examination showed 32 cases out of 40 suggestive of growth in stomach. Barium meal X ray showed 15 patients reported persistent filling defect. Occult blood was 87 % positive. FNAC results showed 91% having epigastric clump and 9 % Virchow node. At laparotomy 75% growth was polyploidal, 20%extravacative and 5% of lienitis plastica.10 cases of early gastric carcinoma were subjected to curative resections. Patients who presented multiple metastasis were subjected to gastrojejunal anastomosis. 12 clinicopathological and surgical factors were considered for analysis.Conclusions: Clinicopathological and surgical factors have definite bearing in prognosticating (predicting) the outcome of surgery in carcinoma of stomach.
Effect of open minimally invasive parathyroidectomy in the management of primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Kumar Sistla Raj , Lakshmi Kantamneni Baby , Reddy Kandula Venkata Teja , Deepika B. Anu , Teja V. Viswa
Published: October 2017

Background: To compare the patients who underwent open minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (OMIP) and conventional surgical approach for primary hyperparathyroidism.Methods: 50 patients with documented primary hyperparathyroidism who underwent surgery by single surgeon, 25 patients who underwent more conventional neck exploration for parathyroidectomy were chosen to match the OMIP patients. Patient demographics, preoperative calcium and parathyroid hormone levels, operative time, total time in the operating room, time in the recovery room, complications, hospital charges for the operating room, and total hospital charges were analyzed.Results: There was no statistical difference in demographics between the groups. By definition, all patients in the OMIP group and control group are of primary hyperparathyroidism. Mild hypercalcemia in both groups, only 16% of patients in the OMIP group and only 12% in the standard group were considered asymptomatic. The three most common presentations in both groups were fatigue (52% in the OMIP group, 60% in the standard group), renal stones (36% OMIP, 40% standard) and decreased bone density (48% OMIP, 52% standard). Operative time, total time in the operating room, and time in the recovery room were all significantly decreased in the OMIP group. No specific complications observed in both groups. Length of hospital stay and hospital charges are very much significant in both groups. OMIP group has less hospital stay and cost effective.Conclusions: OMIP technique resulted in excellent cure rates for primary hyperparathyroidism while simultaneously decreasing operative time and hospital stays. These resulted in significant cost reductions without compromising patient safety.
Clinical study of various modalities of treatment for fistula in ano at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Tated Sushrut Pradeep , Sharma Kuldeep , Hatkar Ashish Ashokrao
Published: October 2017

Background: Despite the ease of diagnosis, establishing a cure is problematic as many patients tend to let their disease nag them rather than treatment. Also, due to site of this disease many patients delay the treatment. Objectives was to study the various etiologies of fistula in ano, to study the different modes of clinical presentations of these fistulae-in-ano, efficacy of different modalities of surgical approach with reference to recurrence of fistulae.Methods: Hospital based cross sectional descriptive study was carried out among 81 eligible patients of fistula in ano. Local Examination, Per Rectal Examination, Proctoscopy was done to assess the external opening, internal opening and fistula tract. Patients were advised Fistulogram and sent to Department of radiology on outpatient basis for the same. Patients with fistulography report were admitted and surgical treatment was planned according to the fistulography report. Appropriate surgery was planned. Specimens were sent to histopathology.Results: Commonest age of presentation was between 30-40 years. Males were more commonly affected. Swelling in perineal region was commonest mode of presentation. Fistula with only one opening was around 85.18%. Anteriorly situated fistula was around 14.81%. Low level fistula was more common. Majority of patients i.e. 74.07% underwent fistulectomy. 9.87% patients underwent fistulotomy. 16.04% patients underwent setonthresd placement. Three Patients developed recurrence.Conclusions: Fistulotomy is associated with slightly high recurrence but low chances of anal incontinence as compared to fistulectomy.
Efficacy of Neosporin hydrocortisone cream versus preputial dilatation in children with phimosis: a comparative study
Authors: Ainippully Arun M. , V. Arun Preeth , Somnath Prathap
Published: October 2017

Background: Physiological phimosis, a common complaint in the pediatric surgery outpatient department presenting as non-retractile foreskin is due to adhesions between the inner layer of the prepuce with glans penis or due to tight tip of the prepuce. These patients are managed with circumcision, preputial dilatation. In this study, we compare different outcomes measures in children treated with dilatation and those with application of Neosporin-hydrocortisone ointment.Methods: This prospective comparative study was conducted in the department of pediatric surgery outpatient department between 2015 and 2017. We followed up 50 patients who underwent only dilatation and other 66 patients who were advised to apply only hydrocortisone impregnated antibiotic cream twice daily over a period of six weeks. We recorded basic demographic features, parent anxiety, parental compliance, parent satisfaction, complete response and persistence of phimosis at the end of the treatment. All statistical tests were done using R statistical software.Results: Of the 116 children recruited to the study, 50(43%) belonged in the dilatation group and rest (66%) to the Neosporin-hydrocortisone (NH) group. The median age of the patients was 36 with inter-quartile range (23-48) months. Baseline characteristics were comparable across the groups. At the end of six weeks, there was statistically significant difference between the two groups with regard to all outcome measures namely parent compliance, parent satisfaction, symptom resolution with the NH group showing a better result (P value<0.0001). Moreover, Phimosis persisted in 18 (36%) of the patients treated with dilatation compared to 4 (6%) in Neosporin hydrocortisone ointment group which was statistically significant.Conclusions: Present study shows that local application of Neosporin-hydrocortisone ointment is a better alternative to using the painful preputial dilatation in children with phimosis.
Comparative study of use of prophylactic antibiotic for elective hernia repair with use of prosthetic material: observational study in a tertiary care institute
Authors: Umman Philip , Jose Joyal , Ahmed Althaf , Xavier Jeenu
Published: October 2017

Background: There is widespread misuse of antibiotics leading to increasing reports of drug resistance. This has been highlighted by the World Health Organization (WHO). Wrong antibiotics are chosen, used when not indicated and used in dosages or patterns that are not recommended. We tried to analyse the pattern of antibiotic use for elective hernia repair using polypropylene mesh among the surgical units in our hospital for elective clean cases. The antibiotic use pattern and the incidence of surgical site infections were to be analysed to create uniform policies for antibiotic use across the institution.Methods: We looked at the case records of patients undergoing elective hernia repair in one month in our institution under different surgeons. Inguinal, umbilical and simple incisional hernias were taken into study. Both open and laparoscopic hernia repairs were included in the study. Emergency hernia repairs were excluded. We looked at the type of prophylactic antibiotic given, the dose and approximate time difference between injection and incision time, whether patient received further doses of intravenous or oral antibiotic. If further doses were given, we also looked for reasons if documented. These cases were followed for one month to see if there was any difference in the incidence of surgical site infections.Results: There were thirty-one cases, of which 16 received only a single dose of prophylactic antibiotic while 15 received more than one dose of antibiotic. Only one patient in the prophylactic antibiotic only group developed a culture positive wound infection. There was seroma formation in two patients.Conclusions: There was no evidence of higher incidence of wound infection in patients receiving only prophylactic antibiotic. There is a need for developing institution specific policies on antibiotic use. This will reduce the treatment costs and also avoid the development of antibiotic resistance in the society.
An analysis of injury patterns of abdominal trauma in patients attending surgical emergency department of rural hospital, Karnataka, India
Authors: Krishnappa Narasimhaiah , Khan Asif , Sakranaik Saraswathi
Published: October 2017

Background: Globally, abdominal trauma is a major public health problem irrespective of socioeconomic levels. Severe blood loss and infection are the serious complication of any abdominal trauma. A detailed assessment for early identification and prompt management is required to reduce the mortality and morbidity in any abdominal trauma. Hence this study was designed to assess the incidence and patterns of abdominal injuries in trauma patients.Methods: It was assorted and identified the incidence and sub type of abdominal injuries and associated trauma, and identified variables related to morbidity and mortality.Results: A total of 150 abdominal trauma cases were analyzed; 103 patients with blunt abdominal trauma and 47 with penetrating. The most frequent type of abdominal trauma was blunt trauma; its most common cause was motor vehicle accident. Most abdominal trauma patients presented with other injuries, especially patients with blunt abdominal trauma. Mortality was higher among penetrating abdominal trauma patients.Conclusions: Type of abdominal trauma, associated injuries, and Revised Trauma Score are independent risk factors for mortality in abdominal trauma patients.
Nodular fasciitis: a rare case report type of article
Authors: Gedam Bapuji S. , Sadriwala Quraysh S. , Kulkarni Nikita J.
Published: October 2017

Nodular fasciitis is defined as a benign and reactive fibroblastic growth extending from the superficial fascia into the subcutaneous tissue or muscle. It is a rare benign neoplasm most commonly afflicting the soft tissues of upper extremity followed by trunk, head, and neck. It accounts for 0.025% of all pathologic diagnosis. We report a case of a swelling over the right scapula which on cytology examination was diagnosed as a benign spindle cell lesion. It was subsequently confirmed to be an intramuscular nodular fasciitis on histopathological examination.
Dermoid of spermatic cord diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Ambre Sagar Ramesh , Dnayanmote Anuradha , Chakraborty Mayank , Shirke Omkar , Bhatnagar Shubhi , Akhil Shrrey
Published: October 2017

Dermoid cyst of spermatic cord is extremely rare pathology. We present the case of 25-year-old male who presented with a right groin lump, thought to be a hernia. The swelling was reducible and cough impulse was positive. There was a lump found close to the right groin apart from hernia. After dissection it was seen as protruding out superficial ring and was attached to the spermatic cord. The final histopathological analysis gave the diagnosis of a dermoid cyst.
Rare cases of appendicitis presented in KIMS Amalapuram, India: a clinical study
Authors: Kiran M. Uday , Rakesh B. , Rao L. Hari Prasad , Avinash P. , Manjusha D. Amrita , K. Tejo Krishna , Raghuveer M. V. B. , Pinnaka Prasanth , Harika D. Navya Sesha , P. Sundeep
Published: October 2017

RIF pain is a hall mark of acute appendicitis until proven otherwise decision making in a case of acute appendicitis may be difficult for junior surgeons hence we aimed at analysis in RIF pain. Out of 120 cases we found 3 rare entities they are PMP, CT of appendix and perforated appendix in LIF. Pseudomyxomaperinei and carcinoid tumour are rare presentations. Despite the current standard of treatment modalities as extensive surgical resection combined with chemotherapy, PMP and CT frequently recurs with treatment options being limited at recurrence and with severe impact on quality of life. Perforated appendix in LIF is also a rare presentation which needs appendicectomy, perforation closer with omental patch.
Inclusão e exclusão: Etnografia das redes de sociabilidades gays e lésbicas em Teresina
Authors: Gallas Ana Kelma Cunha , Reis Pâmela Laurentina Sampaio
Published: October 2017

Este trabalho constitui-se de dois relatos no formato de história de vida, fornecidos por uma interlocutora que se define como lésbica e um interlocutor que se define como gay, pertencentes às camadas médias urbanas na cidade de Teresina. Explora-se, por meio deste recorte específico, situações vivenciadas por gays e lésbicas no âmbito de suas redes de sociabilidade. Utiliza-se aqui o conceito de rede como um recurso da metodologia etnográfica desenvolvida pela Escola de Manchester. Através dela, buscamos, enfatizar as relações interpessoais num meio social não estruturado e em contextos sociais particulares. A análise dos arranjos das relações e as lógicas classificatórias utilizadas, bem como as posições e os padrões de interação, nos informam sobre as fronteiras, as tensões e as negociações existentes na dinâmica das redes. Assim, buscam-se entender como são produzidas as gramáticas morais, que operam no sentido de controlar o comportamento dos  indivíduos, bem como reforçar certas normas sociais. Nesse sentido, consideram-se como categorias de análise: “honra”, “distinção” e “vergonha”.
Ritual e encenação no Xingu: a reinvenção do mito Jamurikumalu na etnografia fílmica
Authors: Costa Wendell Marcel Alves
Published: October 2017

Este trabalho faz uma análise do curta-metragem Porcos Raivosos (Isabel Penoni e Leonardo Sette, 2012), desconstruindo os caminhos técnicos e poéticos do filme enquanto obra cinematográfica e documento pertinente sobre a história cultural de um povo em específico do Xingu, no Brasil. A análise de Porcos Raivosos identifica o processo de ritualização e encenação do mito Jamurikumalu e sua reinvenção pela etnografia fílmica.
Suriname: mosaico étnico e invenção da nação
Authors: Araujo John Da Silva
Published: October 2017

O presente artigo aborda a complexa sociedade surinamesa, marcada pelo histórico de imigração e pelo mito nacional da união de povos de origens diversas: Índia, China, Indonésia, África, Europa e América. Partindo do conceito de que uma nação é o conjunto de seres humanos que vive num mesmo território, constituindo uma comunidade política, com origem, história, cultura, tradições e, às vezes, língua comuns, pondero que, excetuando-se o território e a política, o Suriname não apresenta tais características. Analiso, então, as intricadas relações entre os grupos étnico-culturais, a pretensa harmonia entre eles, e o mito de constituição da nação
Gestão de processo: a proposição de um modelo de análise
Authors: Schuch Santos Carlos Honorato , Corrêa de Oliveira Celmar , Prado Stradioto Juliano , Bernardy Rafael
Published: October 2017

O poder da União, Estados e municípios está vinculado as funções administrativas delegadas a uma dessas instâncias. O objetivo de qualquer atividade administrativa é a criação e existência de instituições públicas capazes de exercer as demandas coletivas da população. Para isso os órgãos e instituições públicas precisam estar submetidos a um rigoroso e permanente controle por toda a sociedade. O controle administrativo necessita ser eficaz, bem como transparente na execução de projetos públicos. Este artigo tem como objetivo a proposição de um modelo de análise para avaliação e gestão de projetos públicos. A construção da proposta se apoiou em uma base bibliográfica-documental. O resultado do trabalho identifica dois tipos de transparência que são chamadas respectivamente de: fase transparente e fase opaca. Este trabalho é fruto de uma pesquisa maior que pretende avaliar o grau de transparência dos processos.
Arborização urbana de vias públicas: planejamento passeio-calçada
Authors: Santos Leitão Fábio , Silva Barbosa Gisele
Published: October 2017

A falta de um planejamento urbano adequado, aliada ao adensamento demográfico e à infraestrutura precária, são fatores que agravam a qualidade de vida no meio urbano. Este artigo analisa e discute um importante elemento urbano que muitas vezes é suprimido, mas que garante o direito essencial de ir e vir dos pedestres: as calçadas/passeios. A partir de estudos teóricos e observação in loco, com análise das ações de outros países, serão apresentadas as bases da necessidade de incentivar planos de gerenciamento das calçadas e dos elementos nela inseridos contribuindo para a melhoria da vida urbana.
Hurry Up, Henry by J. Lanthier
Authors: Aitken Leslie
Published: October 2017

Lanthier, Jennifer.  Hurry Up, Henry, illustrated by Isabelle Malenfant, Penguin Canada Books, 2016.Dreamers and introverts need time: time to observe; time to imagine; time alone to recharge their emotional batteries.  The “Henry” of this storybook is, very definitely, a dreamer—and, very possibly, an introvert.  He seems destined to be dragged out of his reveries by a clock-watching family, and worn to a frazzle by his hyperactive friend, Simon.  Happily, Henry is loved; even better, he is understood by both his grandmother and Simon.  Together, these two conspire to give Henry a gift of time.Isabelle Malenfant creates an urban setting for Lanthier’s story.  Her delicately coloured line drawings depict the city sidewalks, city parks, hallways, elevators, and apartment rooms through which Henry is “hurried.”  Her illustrations are perfectly suited to the text--in fact, they are the primary means by which the emotional complexity of the story is conveyed.Lanthier’s text, itself, is very simply worded, even understated.  The vocabulary she uses, her story’s emphasis on clock-watching and time-telling, suggest a book perfectly suited for independent reading in grade two.The book is an obvious “must buy” for school and public libraries.  As well, it would be a helpful addition to the home library for families who find themselves endlessly urging one of their smaller members to “Hurry up!”Highly Recommended: 4 out of 4 starsReviewer:  Leslie AitkenLeslie Aitken’s long career in librarianship involved selection of children’s literature for school, public, special and academic libraries.  She is a former Curriculum Librarian for the University of Alberta.
My Grandmother Ironed the King's Shirts by T. Kove
Authors: Hamonic Laura
Published: October 2017

Kove, Torill. My Grandmother Ironed the King's Shirts. Firefly Books, 2017.My Grandmother Ironed the King’s Shirts is based on Torill Kove’s Academy Award nominated short film of the same title. The book is Kove’s retelling of one of her grandmother’s stories. This book is a fictional story set in a historical period.It is about Norway’s first king in hundreds of years.  Following the introduction of the King, it becomes immediately clear that this is a fictional story. The story explains that the new King’s public reputation was harmed by his inability to iron his own clothing. In reality, the King of Norway would have likely had staff to do this. Fortunately, after his first disastrous public appearance in wrinkled clothes, he found a store that was willing to do his family’s ironing. Kove’s grandmother worked at the store and soon realized that the clothes she was ironing belonged to the King. She proudly told everyone that she ironed the king’s clothes, up until the King was forced to flee Oslo during the Second World War. When the Germans invaded, Kove’s grandmother was tasked with cleaning and pressing their uniforms. She decided to join the Norwegian Resistance by sabotaging their uniforms. All of Norway’s shirt pressers joined the movement and in 1945, when the Germans left, they had to do so without clothes.The illustrations in this book are simple line work filled in with solid colours. They are drawn in a comical cartoonish manner and all were pulled from the original short animated film. Pre-war, the images are dominated with brighter colours and they fill the entire page. During the war, the images are smaller, only occupying parts of the pages, with a white background dominating. The illustrations were all pulled from the original short film, where the images always filled the screen, which makes this change to the small images from full-page illustrations seem like it serves no clear purpose.While this story provides a historical setting, and might encourage an interest in history, it may cause confusion in children because it is presented as historical while in reality it is overwhelmingly fictitious. It also makes use of the term “gypsy” which may have been appropriate in the historical period presented in the story, but is now considered a derogatory term (the preferred term is “Roma” or “Romani”) and therefore I would not recommend it for school libraries. That said, it is a quirky and fun story for elementary aged children that communicates a message of strength in adversity. As a result, I would recommend it for public libraries.Editor’s note: One of three new titles in the Firefly Books-National Film Board of Canada partnership.Recommended: 3 stars out of 4Reviewer:  Laura HamonicLaura Hamonic is an Academic Library Resident at the University of Alberta’s Science and Technology Library. She has a passion for all things crafty and spends her days cross stitching, crocheting, and costume making.
Kamik Joins the Pack by D. Baker
Authors: Campbell Sandy
Published: October 2017

Baker, Darryl. Kamik Joins the Pack. Illustrated by Qin Leng.  Inhabit Media, 2016.This is the third book about Jake and his puppy, Kamik. Each of the books in the series is adapted from the memories of a different author. The first, Kamik: an Inuit Puppy Story was by Donald Uluadluak, while Kamik’s First Sled was by Matilda Sulurayok. In addition to the characters and setting, the constant across these books is the illustration by Qin Leng, whose bright and colourful drawings capture the Arctic environment. Each of Leng’s drawings covers a pair of pages, with text overprinted on the snow or sky. Leng sometimes cleverly adds to the expansiveness of the images by showing just a boot or a dog entering or exiting the side or bottom of the page. In this volume Jake and the reader learn about looking after sled dogs and training a puppy to join a dogsled team. Jake’s uncle teaches him about cutting dogs’ nails, inspecting paws for injuries, mending harnesses, building dog houses and keeping dogs healthy. The most important lesson is about spending time with the dogs to get to know them well. The language is more appropriate to an upper elementary reading level than the 5 to 7 year-old intended audience.  However, because it is primarily a picture book, it would be a good read-aloud book for younger audiences.Recommended for elementary schools and public libraries.Highly Recommended:  4 stars out of 4Reviewer:  Sandy CampbellSandy is a Health Sciences Librarian at the University of Alberta, who has written hundreds of book reviews across many disciplines.  Sandy thinks that sharing books with children is one of the greatest gifts anyone can give.
The Measurement of the Surface Energy of Solids by Sessile Drop Accelerometry
Authors: Calvimontes Alfredo
Published: October 2017

A new method, the sessile drop accelerometry (SDACC) for the study and measurement of the interfacial energies of solid-liquid-gas systems, is tested and discussed in this study. The laboratory instrument and technique –a combination of a drop shape analyzer with high-speed camera and a laboratory drop tower- and the evaluation algorithms, were designed to calculate the interfacial energies as a function of the geometrical changes of a sessile droplet shape due to the effect of “switching off” gravity during the experiment. The method bases on the thermodynamic equilibrium of the system interfaces and not on the balance of bi-dimensional tensions on the solid-liquid-gas contour line. A comparison of the mathematical model that supports the method with the widely accepted Young`s equation is discussed in this study.