bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Yearly Periodicity of Operative Upper Extremity Trauma: A Retrospective Study of “Trauma Season”
Authors: Skladman Rachel , Tadisina Kashyap K. , Bettlach Carrie R. , Currie Kelly B. , Tanaka Shoichiro A. , Mackinnon Susan E. , Fox Ida K. , Sacks Justin M. , Pet Mitchell A.
Published: May 2023

Background:

Upper extremity (UE) trauma requiring operative care increases during the summer and fall months, which we colloquially refer to as “trauma season.”

Methods:

CPT databases were queried for codes related to acute UE trauma at a single, level one trauma center. Monthly CPT code volume was tabulated for 120 consecutive months, and average monthly volume was calculated. Raw data was plotted as a time series and transformed as a ratio to the moving average. Autocorrelation was applied to the transformed dataset to detect yearly periodicity. Multivariable modeling quantified the proportion of volume variability attributable to yearly periodicity. Sub-analysis assessed presence and strength of periodicity in four age groups.

Results:

11,084 CPT codes were included. Monthly trauma-related CPT volume was highest in July-October, and lowest in December-February. Time series analysis revealed yearly oscillation, in addition to a growth trend. Autocorrelation revealed statistically significant positive and negative peaks at a lag of 12 and 6 months respectively, confirming yearly periodicity. Multivariable modeling revealed R 2 attributable to periodicity of 0.53 (p<0.01). Periodicity was strongest in younger populations, and weaker in older populations. R 2=0.44 for ages 0-17, R 2=0.35 for ages 18-44, R 2=0.26 for ages 45-64, and R 2=0.11 for ages ≥65.

Conclusion:

Operative UE trauma volumes peak in the summer and early fall and reach a winter nadir. Periodicity accounts for 53% of trauma volume variability. Our findings have implications for allocation of operative block time and personnel and expectation management over the course of the year.
What Plastic Surgeons should know about small joint arthroplasty… is this for your practice?
Authors: Rizzo Marco , Chung Kevin C.
Published: May 2023

This paper reviews the current ‘state of the art’ for arthroplasty of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints. Arthritis that affects these joints can result in significant pain and compromised function. We strive to review indications for arthroplasty for each joint, types of implants to consider, technical considerations, patient expectations, and outcomes/complications.
Polysubstance use and lived experience: new insights into what is needed
Authors: Shover Chelsea L. , Spoliansky Jordan G. , Godvin Morgan
Published: May 2023

Purpose of review

During the current overdose crisis in the United States and Canada, both polysubstance use and interventions involving people with lived experience of substance use disorder have grown. This review investigates the intersection of these topics to recommend best practices.

Recent findings

We identified four themes from the recent literature. These are ambivalence about the term lived experience and the practice of using private disclosure to gain rapport or credibility; efficacy of peer participation; promoting equitable participation by fairly compensating staff hired for their lived experience; challenges unique to the current polysubstance-dominated era of the overdose crisis. People with lived experience make important contributions to research and treatment, especially given the additional challenges that polysubstance use creates above and beyond single substance use disorder. The same lived experience that can make someone an excellent peer support worker also often comes with both trauma related to working with people struggling with substance use and lack of opportunities for career advancement.

Policy priorities for clinicians, researchers and organizations should include steps to foster equitable participation, such as recognizing expertise by experience with fair compensation; offering career advancement opportunities; and promoting self-determination in how people describe themselves.
Emerging patterns of substance abuse and related treatment in China
Authors: Wang Xuyi , Li Yuanrong , Li Jin , Hao Wei
Published: May 2023

Purpose of review

The situation of China drug use has seen dramatic changes in recent years. The aim of this review is to give a perspective of the current situation of drug abuse, the problems associated with it, and the strategy to control it in China.

Recent findings

The number of registered drug users and newly discovered drug users had declined for 5 consecutive years, Moreover, the scaling down of drug trafficking and drug-related crimes had been seen for recent years. There are four main drug treatment modalities in China. The drug abuse and its related problems in China face new challenges, including the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, the role of compulsory treatment is overemphasized, the voluntary treatment facilities and community treatment cannot meet the requirements of Chinese society, and the coordination among government departments in drug control and treatment in China need to improved.

With years of the joint efforts, the overall drug situation kept improving. The drug abuse and its related problems in China still is a problem, and require effective and immediate interventions.
Multilevel selection in the evolution of sexual dimorphism in phenotypic plasticity
Authors: Zadorin Anton S. , Rivoire Olivier
Published: May 2023

Phenotypes are partly shaped by the environment, which can impact both short-term adaptation and long-term evolution. In dioecious species, the two sexes may exhibit different degrees of phenotypic plasticity and theoretical models indicate that such differences may confer an adaptive advantage when the population is subject to directional selection, either because of a systematically varying environment or a load of deleterious mutations. The effect stems from the fundamental asymmetry between the two sexes: female fertility is more limited than male fertility. Whether this asymmetry is sufficient for sexual dimorphism in phenotypic plasticity to evolve is, however, not obvious. Here, we show that even in conditions where it provides an adaptive advantage, dimorphic phenotypic plasticity may be evolutionarily unstable due to sexual selection. This is the case, in particular, for panmictic populations where mating partnerships are formed at random. However, we show that the effects of sexual selection can be counteracted when mating occurs within groups of related individuals. Under this condition, sexual dimorphism in phenotypic plasticity can not only evolve but offset the twofold cost of males. We demonstrate these points with a simple mathematical model through a combination of analytical and numerical results.
ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Hypoviridae 2023
Authors: Chiba Sotaro , Velasco Leonardo , Ayllón María A. , Suzuki Nobuhiro , Lee-Marzano Shin-Yi , Sun Lying , Sabanadzovic Sead , Turina Massimo
Published: May 2023

Hypoviridae is a family of capsidless viruses with positive-sense RNA genomes of 7.3–18.3 kb that possess either a single large open reading frame (ORF) or two ORFs. The ORFs appear to be translated from genomic RNA by non-canonical mechanisms, i.e. internal ribosome entry site- and stop/restart translation. This family includes the genera Alphahypovirus, Betahypovirus, Gammahypovirus, Deltahypovirus, Epsilonhypovirus, Zetahypovirus, Thetahypovirus and Etahypovirus. Hypovirids have been detected in ascomycetous and basidiomycetous filamentous fungi and are considered to replicate in host, Golgi apparatus-derived, lipid vesicles that contain virus dsRNA as the replicative form. Some hypovirids induce hypovirulence to host fungi, while others do not. This is a summary of the ICTV report on the family Hypoviridae, which is available at www.ictv.global/report/hypoviridae.
Predictors of Mortality in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: A One-Year Case-Control Study
Authors: Camacho-Domínguez Laura , Rojas Manuel , Herrán María , Rodríguez Yhojan , Beltrán Santiago , Galindo Paola Saboya , Aguirre-Correal Nicolas , Espitia María , García Santiago , Bejarano Valeria , Morales-González Victoria , Covaleda-Vargas Jaime Enrique , Rodríguez-Jiménez Mónica , Zapata Elizabeth , Monsalve Diana M. , Acosta-Ampudia Yeny , Anaya Juan-Manuel , Ramírez-Santana Carolina
Published: May 2023

Objective

To determine the associated factors with mortality, in addition to age and sex, in a high-complexity hospital in Bogota, Colombia, during the first year of the pandemic.

Design

A case-control study.

Setting

High-complexity center above 2,640 meters above sea level (masl) in Colombia.

Methods

A case-control study was conducted on 564 patients admitted to the hospital with confirmed COVID-19. Deceased patients (n: 282) and a control group (n: 282), matched by age, sex, and month of admission, were included. Clinical and paraclinical variables were retrospectively obtained by systematic revision of clinical records. Multiple imputations by chained equation (MICE) were implemented to account for missing variables. Classification and regression trees (CART) were estimated to evaluate the interaction of associated factors on admission and their role in predicting mortality during hospitalization.

Results

Most of the patients included were males in the seventh decade of life. Most of the admissions occurred between July and August 2021. Surprisingly, recovered patients reported heterogeneous symptomatology, whereas deceased patients were most likely to present respiratory distress, dyspnea, and seizures on admission. In addition, the latter group exhibited a higher burden of comorbidities and alterations in laboratory parameters. After the imputation of datasets, CART analysis estimated 14 clinical profiles based on respiratory distress, LDH, dyspnea, hemoglobin, D-dimer, ferritin, blood urea nitrogen, C-reactive protein, PaO2/FiO2, dysgeusia, total bilirubin, platelets, and gastroesophageal reflux disease. The accuracy model for prediction was 85.6% (P < 0.0001).

Conclusion

Multivariate analysis yielded a reliable model to predict mortality in COVID-19. This analysis revealed new interactions between clinical and paraclinical features in addition to age and sex. Furthermore, this predictive model could offer new clues for the personalized management of this condition in clinical settings.
Cannabis use in relation to Pulse Pressure and Mean Arterial Pressure in US Adults
Authors: Ruddy Stella , Marzo Vincenzo Di , Ngueta Gerard
Published: May 2023

Background

Pulse pressure (PP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) have been well-established as markers of cardiovascular risk in clinical settings. We aimed to determine the impact of cannabis use on both PP and MAP in U.S. adults and to assess the modifying role of sex.

Methods

We abstracted data from the 2009 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination survey (NHANES). Cannabis use was assessed by NHANES professionals in adults aged 18 to 59 years by using computer-assisted self-interviews. We defined PP as the difference between systolic and diastolic BP, and MAP as diastolic BP plus one third of PP. We used multivariable linear models to estimate the covariates-adjusted associations and assessed effect modification by including sex×exposure interaction terms into the model.

Results

The mean age of the study population (n=8,942) was 35.0±11.9 years, with 51% female (n=4,551). Mean±SD PP and MAP were 46±13 mm Hg and 82±13 mm Hg, respectively. We found a significant interaction between sex and cannabis use in relation to PP (P=0.0878) and no interaction when modeling MAP (P=0.2084). The mean difference of PP between cannabis users and never-users increased with the frequency of use per week, being +4.5 mm Hg (P=0.0004) in those who reported 1 use/week, +4.9 mm Hg (P<0.0001) for 2-3 uses/week and +4.9 mm Hg (P<0.0001) for ≥ 4 uses/week. In females, only those who reported ≥ 4 uses/week showed a higher PP (+3.1 mm Hg;P=0.0050) compared with never-users.

Conclusions

In US adults aged 18 to 59 years, cannabis use is associated with widening of PP in males.

CLINICAL PERSPECTIVES

What is new?

We first investigated the cannabis use in relation to PP and MAP and found that cannabis use is associated with widened PP in sex-specific manner.

What are the clinical implications?

Further evidence from cohort studies is required before it can be firmly concluded that cannabis use is linked to increased PP. Patients should stop cannabis use to optimize treatments with reduction of PP as specific therapeutic target.
Combining Bacteriophage and Vancomycin is Efficacious Against MRSA biofilm-like Aggregates Formed in Synovial Fluid
Authors: Taha Mariam , Arnaud Tia , Lightly Tasia J. , Peters Danielle , Wang Liyuan , Chen Wangxue , Cook Bradley W.M. , Theriault Steven S. , Abdelbary Hesham
Published: May 2023

Background

Biofilm formation is a major clinical challenge contributing to treatment failure of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). Lytic bacteriophages (phages) can target biofilm associated bacteria at localized sites of infection. The aim of this study is to investigate whether combination therapy of phage and vancomycin is capable of clearing Staphylococcus aureusbiofilm-like aggregates formed in human synovial fluid.

Methods

In this study,S. aureusBP043, a PJI clinical isolate was utilized. This strain is a methicillin-resistantS. aureus(MRSA) biofilm-former. Phage Remus, known to infectS. aureus, was selected for the treatment protocol. BP043 was grown as aggregates in human synovial fluid. The characterization ofS. aureusaggregates was assessed for structure and size using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and flow cytometry, respectively. Moreover, the formed aggregates were subsequently treatedin vitrowith: a) phage Remus (∼108plaque-forming units (PFU)/mL), b) vancomycin (500 µg/mL), or c) phage Remus (∼108PFU/mL) followed by vancomycin (500 µg/mL), for 48 hours. Bacterial survival was quantified by enumeration (colony-forming units (CFU)/ mL). The efficacy of phage and vancomycin against BP043 aggregates was assessedin vivoas individual treatments and in combination. Thein vivomodel utilizedGalleria mellonellalarvae which were infected with BP043 aggregates pre-formed in synovial fluid.

Results

SEM images and flow cytometry data demonstrated the ability of human synovial fluid to promote formation ofS. aureusaggregates. Treatment with Remus resulted in significant reduction in viableS. aureusresiding within the synovial fluid aggregates compared to the aggregates that did not receive Remus (p < 0.0001). Remus was more efficient in eliminating viable bacteria within the aggregates compared to vancomycin (p < 0.0001). Combination treatment of Remus followed by vancomycin was more efficacious in reducing bacterial load compared to using either Remus or vancomycin alone (p = 0.0023, p < 0.0001, respectively). When testedin vivo, this combination treatment also resulted in the highest survival rate (37%) 96 hours post-treatment, compared to untreated larvae (3%; p < 0.0001).

Conclusion

We demonstrate that combining phage Remus and vancomycin led to synergistic interaction against MRSA biofilm-like aggregatesin vitroandin vivo.
The quasi-static puncture resistance of flexible impregnated nonwovens made by filament or staple polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers
Authors: Liang Chunling , Zou Ting , Zhang Yan , Li Yuanyuan , Wang Ping
Published: May 2023

Purpose

This paper aims to design a composite, aiming to improve the static puncture resistance through polyurethane impregnated treatment with five concentration gradients.

Design/methodology/approach

The relationship between polyurethane concentration, the number of polyester nonwovens, component fiber type (filament or staple) and the static puncture resistance is explored respectively and elaborately.

Findings

This study provides a new perspective to design flexible composites with better static puncture resistance, feasible preparation process as well as low cost.

Originality/value

The results show that the static puncture resistance of nonwovens impregnated by polyurethane is improved obviously. Meanwhile the puncture strength-T of nonwovens increases first and then decreases with the increase of the number of layers, and the maximum puncture strength-T is found at 20 layers. Moreover, the composite with filaments illustrates better mechanical resistance.
An implementation model for digitisation of visual management to develop a smart manufacturing process
Authors: Trubetskaya Anna , Ryan Alan , Murphy Frank
Published: May 2023

Purpose

This paper aims to introduce a model using a digital twin concept in a cold heading manufacturing and develop a digital visual management (VM) system using Lean overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) tool to enhance the process performance and establish Fourth Industrial Revolution (I4.0) platform in small and medium enterprises (SMEs).

Design/methodology/approach

This work utilised plan, do, check, act Lean methodology to create a digital twin of each machine in a smart manufacturing facility by taking the Lean tool OEE and digitally transforming it in the context of I4.0. To demonstrate the effectiveness of process digitisation, a case study was carried out at a manufacturing department to provide the data to the model and later validate synergy between Lean and I4.0 platform.

Findings

The OEE parameter can be increased by 10% using a proposed digital twin model with the introduction of a Level 0 into VM platform to clearly define the purpose of each data point gathered further replicate in projects across the value stream.

Research limitations/implications

The findings suggest that researchers should look beyond conversion of stored data into visualisations and predictive analytics to improve the model connectivity. The development of strong big data analytics capabilities in SMEs can be achieved by shortening the time between data gathering and impact on the model performance.

Originality/value

The novelty of this study is the application of OEE Lean tool in the smart manufacturing sector to allow SME organisations to introduce digitalisation on the back of structured and streamlined principles with well-defined end goals to reach the optimal OEE.
The antecedents and consequences of perceptual fit: an examination of how employees come to understand organizational culture
Authors: Gregory Brian
Published: May 2023

Purpose

This study aims to explore a rarely studied form of person–organization fit, perceptual fit, which captures the accuracy of an employee’s understanding of their organization’s culture. The managerial antecedents of perceptual fit were explored to increase understanding about how employees learn their organizational culture and the role that managers play in that process. In addition, the behavioural and attitudinal consequences of perceptual fit were examined to gain a deeper appreciation for the impact of misunderstanding one’s organizational culture on work attitudes and cognitions.

Design/methodology/approach

Survey tools were used to measure multiple workplace cognitions, attitudes and values from employees of three small health-care organizations. Organizational culture was measured for each organization so that perceptual fit could be ascertained, which represents an accuracy score of each individual’s comprehension of their organization’s culture. Regression analyses measured the hypothesized associations between perceptual fit and its proposed antecedents and consequences.

Findings

The results suggest that leader–member exchange (LMX) and perceived organizational support (POS) are both positively associated with perceptual fit. In terms of the outcomes of perceptual fit, the regression analyses provide support for an association between perceptual fit and psychological empowerment, job satisfaction and organizational commitment.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the literature by exploring how employees come to understand their organization’s culture, and the consequences of differing levels of understanding (i.e. perceptual fit). The study results suggest that managerial action such as LMX and POS can enhance the chances that an employee is able to understand their organization’s culture accurately. Furthermore, this research adds to our understanding of the individual consequences of understanding one’s organizational culture by providing evidence that psychological empowerment is associated with perceptual fit.
What is next? The effect of reverse logistics adoption on digitalization and inter-organizational collaboration
Authors: Rasool Faisal , Greco Marco , Morales-Alonso Gustavo , Carrasco-Gallego Ruth
Published: May 2023

Purpose

This study aims to examine and understand the impact of reverse logistics adoption on firms' digitalization and collaboration activities. Specifically, leveraging the knowledge-based view, this study examines how adopting sustainable logistic practices (reverse logistics) prepares firms to embrace digitalization and encourages them to collaborate with other organizations.

Design/methodology/approach

The study used longitudinal survey data from two waves (2017 and 2019) from the Mannheim Centre for European Economic Research. The authors used the negative binomial regression analyses to test the impact of reverse logistics adoption on the digitalization and inter-organizational collaboration dependent count variables.

Findings

The study's findings highlight the usefulness of reverse logistics in enabling digitalization and inter-organizational collaboration. The results show that the firms investing in sustainable supply chains will be better positioned to nurture digitalization and inter-organizational collaboration.

Practical implications

For resource-bound managers, this study provides an important insight into prioritizing activities by highlighting how reverse logistics can facilitate digitalization and collaboration. The study demonstrates that the knowledge generated by reverse logistics adoption can be an essential pillar and enabler toward achieving firms' digitalization and collaboration goals.

Originality/value

The study is among the first to examine the effect of reverse logistics adoption on firm activities that are not strictly associated with the circular economy (digitalization and collaboration). Utilizing the knowledge-based view, this study reports on the additional benefits of reverse logistics implementation previously not discussed in the literature.
Feedback trading in the cryptocurrency market
Authors: Ahmed Mohamed Shaker , Alsamman Adel , Chebbi Kaouther
Published: May 2023

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate feedback trading and autocorrelation behavior in the cryptocurrency market.

Design/methodology/approach

It uses the GJR-GARCH model to investigate feedback trading in the cryptocurrency market.

Findings

The findings show a negative relationship between trading volume and autocorrelation in the cryptocurrency market. The GJR-GARCH model shows that only the USD Coin and Binance USD show an asymmetric effect or leverage effect. Interestingly, other cryptocurrencies such as Ethereum, Binance Coin, Ripple, Solana, Cardano and Bitcoin Cash show the opposite behavior of the leverage effect. The findings of the GJR-GARCH model also show positive feedback trading for USD Coin, Binance USD, Ripple, Solana and Bitcoin Cash and negative feedback trading for Ethereum and Cardano only.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to the literature by extending Sentana and Wadhwani (1992) to explore the presence of feedback trading in the cryptocurrency market using a sample of the most active cryptocurrencies other than Bitcoin, namely, Ethereum, USD coin, Binance Coin, Binance USD, Ripple, Cardano, Solana and Bitcoin Cash.
Multichannel seismic evidence for tectonic migration in the Mariana subduction system
Authors: Li Qianqian , Zhang Hongmao , Wang Jianhua , Hu Yi , Lin Haoran , Zhu Junjiang , Xing Lei
Published: May 2023

The Mariana subduction system is an ideal place for ocean–ocean convergence boundary research. As a typical example of an extensional subduction model, the subduction process, subduction mechanism and subduction effect of this system have long been popular research topics. The seismic reflection information of oceanic sedimentary layers shown on multichannel seismic profiles is an intuitive record of small‐ to medium‐scale structural activity and sedimentary sequence evolution and is an important source for studying plate‐coupling processes and tectonic dynamic action. This paper is based on the raw multichannel seismic data of MGL1204 in the Mariana arc forearc region; these data were obtained by using linear interference filter technique noise attenuation technology and multiple velocity iterations to accurately image the oceanic sedimentary layer, and the imagery is used to study the Cenozoic fracture activity and residual strata thickness distribution characteristics of the middle part of the Mariana forearc region and to explore the tectonic migration characteristics of the Cenozoic sedimentary basins. We believe that due to the influence of regional stress field changes caused by the movement directions of the Pacific Plate and Philippine Sea Plate towards the Eurasian Plate, the development of secondary structures in the western Pacific subduction zone shows a characteristic west‐to‐east migration, and the structural characteristics of the Mariana forearc Cenozoic sedimentary basin are consistent with the regional tectonic features. The faults, stratigraphy and depocentres of the oceanic sedimentary layer show a migration pattern from west to east and from north to south overall; 25 and 13 Ma are identified as two key tectonic migration periods, and the tectonic migration characteristics and time records of the basin also provide direct evidence for the plate reconstruction model of trench retreat and Philippine Sea plate rotation.
Is it time for job quality? Conceptualising temporal arrangements in new models of homecare
Authors: Burns Diane , Hamblin Kate , Fisher Duncan U. , Goodlad Cate
Published: May 2023

Time is a key organising principle in the formal provision of care to older people in their own homes. It is used when delivering homecare services, calculating fees and care staff’s pay entitlement. Research in the UK highlights how the predominant service model of compartmentalising care into pre‐defined tasks, delivered in strictly scheduled time‐based units, offers poor quality jobs, characterised by low pay, insecure and tightly controlled work. Our case study research of ‘new models’ of homecare however, found variation in the way time measures were operationalised. Drawing from Thompson’s (1967, Past & Present, 38, 56–97) conceptualisation of clock‐time (where care work is controlled by external measures of time) and nature’s time (where care work is performed through internal notions of time) as a lens, we examine how service delivery models and job quality are temporally connected through homecare work. Through our analysis, we exemplify how the use of strict time‐based measures can limit care work according to nature’s time. We also consider the potential of ambitemporality—the accommodation of clock and nature’s time—in organising service delivery as a means of enriching job quality. Finally, we discuss the pertinent implications of conceiving job quality in homecare work through a temporal lens.
The relationship between inbound tourism and economic growth: Case of Botswana
Authors: Badimo Dandy , Yuhuan Zhao
Published: May 2023

This study investigates the relationship between inbound tourism expansion and economic growth in Botswana, employing time series data from 1988 to 2019. An autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds tests and Toda and Yamamoto causality test were utilized for cointegration and direction of causality analyses, respectively. The study findings suggest and validate a tourism‐led growth hypothesis (TLGH) both in the long and short run. However, inbound tourism expansion has a modest impact on the country's economic growth, which causes concern and need for improvement. Therefore, the study suggests that there should be strengthening and expediting of tourism product diversification for enhanced tourism experiences and tourist spending. The tourism sector should be restructured to curb high economic and financial leakages, create strong linkages with other sectors, and adopt a mixed‐price model to promote domestic tourism and local beneficiation.
Airbnb or not Airbnb? That is the question: How Airbnb bans disrupt rental markets
Authors: Seiler Michael J. , Siebert Ralph B. , Yang Liuming
Published: May 2023

This study focuses on legislative bans imposed on short‐term rentals (STRs) and evaluates their effects on long‐term rentals in Irvine, CA. We find that contract rental prices in the long‐term rental market decrease by 3.0% within approximately 2 years after the enforcement of STR ordinance. The results are primarily driven by the supply side for long‐term rentals. The decline in rents is more pronounced: (1) for long‐term rental units that have similar property characteristics as those listed through Airbnb and (2) for those located in geographic areas with greater Airbnb exposure before the ban was enforced.
Black soldier fly (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) larval heat generation and management
Authors: Li Chujun , Addeo Nicola F. , Rusch Travis W. , Tarone Aaron M. , Tomberlin Jeffery K.
Published: May 2023

Mass production of black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (L.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), larvae results in massive heat generation, which impacts facility management, waste conversion, and larval production. We tested daily substrate temperatures with different population densities (i.e., 0, 500, 1000, 5000, and 10 000 larvae/pan), different population sizes (i.e., 166, 1000, and 10 000 larvae at a fixed feed ratio) and air temperatures (i.e., 20 and 30 °C) on various production parameters. Impacts of shifting larvae from 30 to 20 °C on either day 9 or 11 were also determined. Larval activity increased substrate temperatures significantly (i.e., at least 10 °C above air temperatures). Low air temperature favored growth with the higher population sizes while high temperature favored growth with low population sizes. The greatest average individual larval weights (e.g., 0.126 and 0.124 g) and feed conversion ratios (e.g., 1.92 and 2.08 g/g) were recorded for either 10 000 larvae reared at 20 °C or 100 larvae reared at 30 °C. Shifting temperatures from high (30 °C) to low (20 °C) in between (∼10‐d‐old larvae) impacted larval production weights (16% increases) and feed conversion ratios (increased 14%). Facilities should consider the impact of larval density, population size, and air temperature during black soldier fly mass production as these factors impact overall larval production.
The impact of body image dissatisfaction on psychological distress and health‐related quality of life among patients in methadone treatment
Authors: Carr Meagan M. , Mannes Zachary L. , Oberleitner Lindsay M. S. , Oberleitner David E. , Beitel Mark , Gazzola Marina G. , Madden Lynn M. , Zheng Xiaoying , Barry Declan T.
Published: May 2023

Background and Objectives

Minimal research has examined body image dissatisfaction (BID) among patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). We tested associations between BID and MMT quality indicators (psychological distress, mental and physical health‐related quality of life [HRQoL]) and whether these associations varied by gender.

Methods

One hundred and sixty‐four participants (n = 164) in MMT completed self‐report measures of body mass index (BMI), BID, and MMT quality indicators. General linear models tested if BID was associated with MMT quality indicators.

Results

Patients were primarily non‐Hispanic White (56%) men (59%) with an average BMI in the overweight range. Approximately 30% of the sample had moderate or marked BID. Women and patients with a BMI in the obese range reported higher BID than men and patients with normal weight, respectively. BID was associated with higher psychological distress, lower physical HRQoL, and was unrelated to mental HRQoL. However, there was a significant interaction in which the association between BID and lower mental HRQoL was stronger for men than women.

Discussion and Conclusions

Moderate or marked BID is present for about three in 10 patients. These data also suggest that BID is tied to important MMT quality indicators, and that these associations can vary by gender. The long‐term course of MMT may allow for assessing and addressing novel factors influencing MMT outcomes, including BID.

Scientific Significance

This is one of the first studies to examine BID among MMT patients, and it highlights MMT subgroups most at risk for BID and reduced MMT quality indicators due to BID.
Allergy to stings and bites from rare or locally important arthropods: Worldwide distribution, available diagnostics and treatment
Authors: Sturm Gunter Johannes , Boni Elisa , Antolín‐Amérigo Darío , Bilò Maria Beatrice , Breynaert Christine , Fassio Filippo , Spriggs Kymble , Vega Arantza , Ricciardi Luisa , Arzt‐Gradwohl Lisa , Hemmer Wolfgang
Published: May 2023

Insect venom allergy is the most frequent cause of anaphylaxis in Europe and possibly worldwide. The majority of systemic allergic reactions after insect stings are caused by Hymenoptera, and among these, vespid genera induce most of the systemic sting reactions (SSR). Honey bees are the second leading cause of SSR. Depending on the global region, other Hymenoptera such as different ant genera are responsible for SSR. Widely distributed hornets and bumblebees or local vespid or bee genera rarely induce SSR. Hematophagous insects such as mosquitoes and horse flies usually cause (large) local reactions while SSR occasionally occur. This position paper aimed to identify either rare or locally important insects causing SSR as well as rarely occurring SSR after stings or bites of widely distributed insects. We summarized relevant venom or saliva allergens and intended to identify possible cross‐reactivities between the insect allergens. Moreover, we aimed to locate diagnostic tests for research and routine diagnosis, which are sometimes only regionally available. Finally, we gathered information on available immunotherapies. Major allergens of most insects were identified, and cross‐reactivity between insects was frequently observed. While some diagnostics and immunotherapies are locally available, standardized skin tests and immunotherapies are generally lacking in rare insect allergy.
Flexible nasal bronchoscopy vs. Airtraq® videolaryngoscopy for awake tracheal intubation: a randomised controlled non‐inferiority study
Authors: Kamga H. , Frugier A. , Boutros M. , Bourges J. , Doublet T. , Parienti J. J.
Published: May 2023

Videolaryngoscopy is a suitable alternative to flexible bronchoscopy to facilitate awake tracheal intubation. The relative effectiveness of these techniques in clinical practice is unknown. We compared flexible nasal bronchoscopy with Airtraq® videolaryngoscopy in patients with an anticipated difficult airway scheduled for awake tracheal intubation. Patients were allocated randomly to flexible nasal bronchoscopy or videolaryngoscopy. All procedures were performed with upper airway regional anaesthesia blockade and a target‐controlled intravenous infusion of remifentanil. The success rate with the allocated technique was the primary outcome. A non‐inferiority analysis with a predefined limit of 8% was planned. Seventy‐eight patients were recruited, allocated randomly and analysed. The rate of successful intubation was 97% and 82% in the flexible bronchoscopy and videolaryngoscopy groups, respectively, p = 0.032. The median (IQR [range]) time to tracheal intubation was shorter with the Airtraq, 163 (105–332 [40–1004]) vs. 217 (180–364 [120–780]) s, p = 0.030. There were no significant differences for complications found between the groups. The median visual analogue scale for ease of intubation was 8 (7–9 [0–10]) for Airtraq vs. 8 (7–9 [0–10]) for flexible bronchoscopy, p = 0.710. The median visual analogue scale for patient comfort for Airtraq was 8 (6–9 [2–10]) vs. 8 (7–9 [3–10]) for flexible bronchoscopy, p = 0.370. The Airtraq videolaryngoscope is not non‐inferior to flexible bronchoscopy for awake tracheal intubation in a clinical setting when awake tracheal intubation is indicted. It may be a suitable alternative when judged on a case‐by‐case basis.
Do academic CEOs influence corporate social irresponsibility? The moderating effects of negative attainment discrepancy and slack resources
Authors: Ren Liuyang , Zhong Xi , Wan Liangyong
Published: May 2023

Academic experience has been found to significantly impact on the attitudes and behaviors of managerial decision‐makers, which in turn influences corporate strategic decisions. However, the impact of academic decision‐makers on corporate ethical decisions, particularly corporate social irresponsibility (CSIR), has yet to receive due attention to date. In this study, we integrate the upper echelons theory and managerial discretion literature to examine whether and when academic CEOs (CEOs with academic experience) influence corporate social irresponsibility (CSIR). First, we suggest that academic CEOs discourage CSIR because they have higher moral standards; thus, their companies are less likely to engage in CSIR activities. In addition, we propose that negative attainment discrepancy (slack resources) reduces (enhances) academic CEOs' managerial discretion to incorporate their ethical preferences into their decisions, thereby weakening (enhancing) the above relationship. This study is the first to examine the relationship between academic CEOs and CSIR. Additionally, the empirical findings of this study offer crucial insights for shareholders and policymakers to prevent or mitigate CSIR effectively.
Giving birth in a good way when it must take place away from home: Participatory research into visions of Inuit families and their Montreal‐based medical providers
Authors: Silver Hilah , Tukalak Sophie , Sarmiento Iván , Budgell Richard , Cockcroft Anne , Vang Zoua M. , Andersson Neil
Published: May 2023

Background

Transferring pregnant women out of their communities for childbirth continues to affect Inuit women living in Nunavik—Inuit territory in Northern Quebec. With estimates of maternal evacuation rates in the region between 14% and 33%, we examine how to support culturally safe birth for Inuit families when birth must take place away from home.

Methods

A participatory research approach explored perceptions of Inuit families and their perinatal healthcare providers in Montreal for culturally safe birth, or “birth in a good way” in the context of evacuation, using fuzzy cognitive mapping. We used thematic analysis, fuzzy transitive closure, and an application of Harris' discourse analysis to analyze the maps and synthesize the findings into policy and practice recommendations.

Results

Eighteen maps authored by 8 Inuit and 24 service providers in Montreal generated 17 recommendations related to culturally safe birth in the context of evacuation. Family presence, financial assistance, patient and family engagement, and staff training featured prominently in participant visions. Participants also highlighted the need for culturally adapted services, with provision of traditional foods and the presence of Inuit perinatal care providers. Stakeholder engagement in the research resulted in dissemination of the findings to Inuit national organizations and implementation of several immediate improvements in the cultural safety of flyout births to Montreal.

Conclusions

The findings point toward the need for culturally adapted, family‐centered, and Inuit‐led services to support birth that is as culturally safe as possible when evacuation is indicated. Application of these recommendations has the potential to benefit Inuit maternal, infant, and family wellness.
Post‐BTK inhibitor mantle cell lymphoma: When is CAR‐T not the answer?
Authors: McCulloch Rory
Published: May 2023

In a large multicentre retrospective real‐world analysis, Hess and colleagues describe outcomes in post‐Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTKi) mantle cell lymphoma patients managed in clinical practice prior to availability of brexucabtagene autoleucel (Tecartus). Outcome data not only provide a useful benchmark for future studies but also highlight the great challenges that still lie ahead in managing this challenging patient cohort.

Commentary on: Hess et al. Real‐world experience among patients with relapsed/refractory mantle cell lymphoma after Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor failure in Europe: The SCHOLAR‐2 retrospective chart review study. Br J Haematol 2023;202:749–759.
Derivation and validation of a novel score for early prediction of severe CRS after CAR‐T therapy in haematological malignancy patients: A multi‐centre study
Authors: Zhou Linghui , Fu Weijun , Wu Shenghao , Xu Kailin , Qiu Lugui , Xu Yang , Yan Xiaojing , Zhang Qing , Zhang Mingming , Wang Linqin , Hong Ruimin , Chang Alex H. , Yu Jian , Fu Shan , Kong Delin , Li Lu , Wang Ying , Li Zhenyu , Jiang Huawei , Huang Jing , Liu Zhi , Su Na , Wei Guoqing , Hu Yongxian , Huang He
Published: May 2023

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR‐T) cell therapy is highly effective in inducing complete remission in haematological malignancies. Severe cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is the most significant and life‐threatening adverse effect of this therapy. This multi‐centre study was conducted at six hospitals in China. The training cohort included 87 patients with multiple myeloma (MM), an external validation cohort of 59 patients with MM and another external validation cohort of 68 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) or non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The levels of 45 cytokines on days 1–2 after CAR‐T cell infusion and clinical characteristics of patients were used to develop the nomogram. A nomogram was developed, including CX3CL1, GZMB, IL4, IL6 and PDGFAA. Based on the training cohort, the nomogram had a bias‐corrected AUC of 0.876 (95% CI = 0.871–0.882) for predicting severe CRS. The AUC was stable in both external validation cohorts (MM, AUC = 0.907, 95% CI = 0.899–0.916; ALL/NHL, AUC = 0.908, 95% CI = 0.903–0.913). The calibration plots (apparent and bias‐corrected) overlapped with the ideal line in all cohorts. We developed a nomogram that can predict which patients are likely to develop severe CRS before they become critically ill, improving our understanding of CRS biology, and may guide future cytokine‐directed therapies.
Can 68Ga‐PSMA positron emission tomography and multiparametric MRI guide treatment for biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy?
Authors: Khanna Yash , Chinni Vidyasagar , Gnanasambantham Kavitha , O'Sullivan Richard , Ballok Zita E. , Ryan Andrew , Ramdave Shakher , Sivaratnam Dinesh , Bowden Patrick , Guerrieri Mario , Ranasinghe Weranja K.B. , Frydenberg Mark
Published: May 2023

Objective

To evaluate the role of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and Gallium‐68 (68Ga)‐prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in guiding salvage therapy for patients with biochemical recurrence (BCR) post‐radical prostatectomy.

Patients and Methods

Patients were evaluated with paired mpMRI and 68Ga‐PSMA PET/CT scans for BCR (prostate‐specific antigen [PSA] >0.2 ng/mL). Patient, tumour, PSA and imaging characteristics were analysed with descriptive statistics.

Results

A total of 117 patients underwent paired scans to investigate BCR, of whom 53.0% (62/117) had detectable lesions on initial scans and 47.0% (55/117) did not. Of those without detectable lesions, 8/55 patients proceeded to immediate salvage radiotherapy (sRT) and 47/55 were observed. Of patients with negative imaging who were initially observed, 46.8% (22/47) did not reach threshold for repeat imaging, while 53.2% were rescanned due to rising PSA levels. Of these rescanned patients, 31.9% (15/47) were spared sRT due to proven distant disease, or due to absence of disease on repeat imaging. Of the original 117 patients, 53 (45.3%) were spared early sRT due to absence of disease on imaging or presence of distant disease, while those undergoing delayed sRT still maintained good PSA responses. Of note, patients with high‐risk features who underwent sRT despite negative imaging demonstrated satisfactory PSA responses to sRT. Study limitations include the observational design and absence of cause‐specific or overall survival data.

Conclusion

Our findings support the use of mpMRI and 68Ga‐PSMA PET/CT in guiding timing and necessity of salvage therapy tailored to detected lesions, with potential to reduce unnecessary sRT‐related morbidity. Larger or randomized trials are warranted to validate this.
Self‐rated health among adolescents from vulnerable areas and their sociodemographic, lifestyle and contextual factors: A multilevel analysis
Authors: de Sales Érika Nayara Benício Gonçalves , Barbosa Filho Valter Cordeiro , Maciel Gabriel Pereira , de Castro Victor Hugo Santos , de Bastos Patrícia Oliveira , Vieira Neiva Francenely Cunha
Published: May 2023

Purpose

Understanding self‐rated health in young people can help orient global health actions, especially in regions of social vulnerability. The present study analysed individual and contextual factors associated with self‐rated health in a sample of Brazilian adolescents.

Design and Methods

Cross‐sectional data from 1272 adolescents (aged 11–17; 48.5% of girls) in low human development index (HDI) neighbourhoods were analysed (HDI from 0.170 to 0.491). The outcome variable was self‐rated health. Independent variables relating to individual factors (biological sex, age and economic class) and lifestyle (physical activity, alcohol, tobacco consumption and nutritional state) were measured using standardised instruments. The socio‐environmental variables were measured using neighbourhood registered data where the adolescents studied. Multilevel regression was used to estimate the regression coefficients and their 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results

Good self‐rated health prevalence was of 72.2%. Being male (B: −0.165; CI: −0.250 to −0.081), age (B: −0.040; CI: −0.073 to −0.007), weekly duration of moderate to vigorous physical activity (B: 0.074; CI: 0.048–0.099), body mass index (B: −0.025; CI: −0.036 to −0.015), number of family healthcare teams in the neighbourhood (B: 0.019; CI: 0.006–0.033) and dengue incidence (B: −0.001; CI: −0.002; −0.000) were factors associated with self‐rated health among students from vulnerable areas.

Conclusions/Practical Implications

Approximately three in every 10 adolescents in areas of social vulnerability presented poor self‐rated health. This fact was associated with biological sex and age (individual factors), physical activity levels and BMI (lifestyle) and the number of family healthcare teams in the neighbourhood (contextual).