bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
"At Least I was Allowed to Play How I Wanted": From Correcting Autistic Behaviors to Celebrating Autistic Play
Authors: Leeper Rae
Published: December 2024

Educators are tasked with assessing the behavior of children in their classrooms for any autism-related “red flags” which includes lining up objects, collecting items, and stimming. These kinds of behaviors are often framed as a distraction to learning; therefore, correcting them becomes the goal of many interventions. This conceptual paper asks what new possibilities can emerge when autistic “behaviors” are seen as autistic forms of play. Driving this paper are the childhood narratives of autistic people, specifically the experience of one adult case study participant who recalls her preschool memories of play. Through a Disability Studies in Education (DSE) framework, I examine theories of children’s play along with historical framings of autism to trouble the ableist practices of schooling. I conclude with practical ways classroom teachers can embrace neurodiverse forms of autistic play by centering autistic experiences.
2023 State of Tech Talent Report: Acquiring and Retaining Technical Talent in 2023
Authors: Perlow Jason , Hendrick Stephen
Published: December 2024

Linux Foundation Research partnered with LF Training and Certification for its annual talent report, this time from the perspective of hiring managers. As we enter a period of economic uncertainty, this report assesses the current state of technology talent acquisition and retention around the world, illuminating what has been and will continue to be impacted when it comes to hiring for technical roles. Findings from the survey communicate growing interest in upskilling, training, and pre-employment certification as hiring priorities shift and there is increased pressure to place the right talent where it is needed as effectively as possible – with a particular focus on cloud / containers, cybersecurity, and AI / ML.

An insightful tool for organizations, developers, and hiring managers, this report sheds light on the priorities, challenges, and changes that this year brings to the tech workforce.
Mentorship in Open Source: Exploring the Intrinsic, Economic, and Career Value of Mentorship Programs
Authors: Perlow Jason
Published: December 2024

In partnership with CNCF, ELISA, Hyperledger Foundation, Open Mainframe Project, OpenSSF, and LF Training and Certification, Mentorship in Open Source examines the intrinsic, economic, and career value of mentorship programs throughout the technology industry and among open source organizations such as the Linux Foundation.

The report explores: succession and diversity challenges across open source projects; the history of mentorships within academia, open source organizations, and the origin of the LFX Mentorship program within the Linux Foundation; and mentorship program challenges and benefits.

It concludes with a set of actionable insights for the community to help scale Mentorship programs at the Linux Foundation and within the industry as a whole.
Enabling Global Collaboration: How Open Source Leaders Are Confronting the Challenges of Fragmentation
Authors: Williams Anthony
Published: December 2024

Today’s open source community is made up of millions of projects and contributors that are as diverse as they are numerous. This global range of projects means that open source initiatives gain the benefits of having many different approaches to solving solutions, but it also can lead to fragmented communities that duplicate efforts and bear extra costs and complexity.

This report takes an in-depth look at these benefits and costs from the perspective of open source leaders around the world. The insights from each of the interviewees illustrate the complexities inherent to managing fragmentation in the open source world, from both a theoretical and practical standpoint. The discussion focuses on how fragmentation plays a role in the development of open source solutions, the integration of contributors around the world, and the governance of open source communities. It concludes with some key takeaways for collaboration and alignment.
ERÓTICA E EXÓTICA
Authors: Verdejo Pedro Barros , Orlandi Décio Tadeu
Published: December 2024

Objetiva-se neste trabalho apresentar um olhar analítico sobre a dimensão da transgressão - como tema e princípio de composição - na vasta obra de Olga Savary, apontando as maneiras como essa poética referencia um amplo repertório cultural que ultrapassa a tradição ocidental, num profundo processo de reformulação dos valores do patriarcalismo cristão burguês e, paralelamente, da descoberta de si (da linguagem e do eu-sujeito-poeta). Pretende-se entender a maneira como a aparentemente harmônica expressão poética savaryana decorre, em seu movimento composicional, de uma potente força criadora que, superando as dualidades cartesianas da cultura ocidental, consolida-se como um projeto deliberadamente transgressivo.
ENTRE A SINFONIA E OS CORPOS EMPILHADOS
Authors: Grade Maíra Soalheiro , Guizzo Antonio Rediver
Published: December 2024

A produção e disseminação de textos e discursos sempre foi desigualmente distribuída; raça, classe e gênero continuam sendo, até hoje, pilares que legitimam o conhecimento. Com base nas análises teóricas de patriarcado, gênero e poder, conforme discutido por Saffioti (2015), Lerner (2019) e Del Priore (2020), este estudo tem como objetivo examinar, nos romances Mulheres empilhadas (2019), de Patrícia Melo, e Sinfonia em branco (2013), de Adriana Lisboa, o desenvolvimento de diversas formas narrativas e a apropriação da escrita pelas mulheres como ferramenta de representação e denúncia das violências resultantes da desigualdade de gênero.
ECOS DA POETICIDADE DA PRESENÇA-AUSÊNCIA DA VOZ DE MULHERES EM O REMORSO DE BALTAZAR SERAPIÃO, DE VALTER HUGO MÃE
Authors: Lourencao Cristiane Corsini , Cardoso Elizabeth
Published: December 2024

O artigo pretende refletir sobre a voz feminina, em sua ausência, presença ou rememoração, como estratégia de resistência na narrativa de o remorso de baltazar serapião (2018), de Valter Hugo Mãe. Para tanto, investiga-se, a partir dos postulados de Bakhtin (2020), a arquitetônica do conflito entre vozes narrativas constituídas no heterodiscurso e as metáforas resultantes desse recurso estético, em diálogo com pesquisadores contemporâneos (Figueiredo, 2020; Bosi, 1997).  Considera-se que a produção de sentido do texto se dá além da temática e é elaborada na/pela linguagem, por isso chega-se em resultados que apontam a voz feminina como relevante irradiadora de poeticidade.
SENTIDOS DE LÍNGUA NACIONAL PRODUZIDOS NOS DOMÍNIOS DA IMPRENSA
Authors: Ribeiro Nilsa Brito , Santos Thaiany Tolentino Diniz , Leite João de Deus
Published: December 2024

Neste artigo, analisamos o funcionamento discursivo de enunciados produzidos sobre a variante padrão da língua e sobre os seus (não) falantes, em reportagens da revista Veja, com o intuito de apreender, na rede de sentidos, efeitos de memória de língua nacional produzidos desde a colonização brasileira. As análises, fundamentadas teórica e metodologicamente nos estudos foucaultianos, sugerem que a língua é recortada pela mídia como um saber catalizador do sucesso profissional do trabalhador/a brasileiro/a, imputando a este/a a responsabilidade individual pelos insucessos em relação ao acesso ao mercado de trabalho, justamente por não dominar “bem” a variante padrão.
ARQUEOLOGIA DOS LUGARES
Authors: Lopes Jahan Natanael Domingos
Published: December 2024

Através da arqueologia geográfica, pelo pensamento foucaultiano, entramam-se os nomes dos lugares. Lança-se, pois, na transdisciplinaridade entre a geografia e a onomástica. Disso, em circularidade, perspectivam-se a toponímia pelos enunciados e a topologia pelos discursos. Da toponímia à topologia, visa-se ao processo de nomeação pelo quadrilátero: proposição, articulação, designação e derivação. Ao revés, da topologia à toponímia, salienta-se a estruturação das camadas epistêmicas pelos contextos histórico-geográficos. Dinamizam-se, assim, as toponímias na escala espacial como marcas (em sincronias) e na escala temporal como fósseis (em diacronias). Intenta-se, por fim, conceber uma geografia da linguagem.
O ESCRITO NA FALA E A FALA NO ESCRITO
Authors: Rezende Carolina Anglada de
Published: December 2024

Esse ensaio procura ler as poéticas de Edimilson de Almeida Pereira e de Ricardo Aleixo pela chave da vocalidade, enfatizando-se como o gesto de escrever a fala só se realiza por meio de procedimentos de defasagem. Para tanto, recorre-se aos desdobramentos do ensino de Lacan por Jacques-Allain Miller, para embasar os conceitos de voz e de pulsão, a marcarem os impasses na experiência de ser falante. Conclui-se que ambos os poetas se distanciam da prática em que o que se ouve é transposto para a escrita, ao proporem a desestabilização de cada inscrição em relação ao seu próprio campo.
RESENHA: CORPOS DO NOSSO TEMPO
Authors: Sperber José Inácio
Published: December 2024

Resenha do livro CORPO(S) 2: cultura, estética, discurso, organizado por Jean Carlos Gonçalves e publicado pela Editora Pimenta Cultural no ano de 2023.
Mechanisms Resistance Cancer Cells to Cytotoxic Anticancer Drugs and Relapsed Cancer disease after Chemotherapy
Authors:   Kiev regional p/n hospital”: Ukraine, Kiev region, Vasilkov district, Voksalna str, M R Ponizovskiy
Published: December 2024

There were shown shortcoming of intensive chemotherapeutic methods
with great dosage cytotoxic drugs causing as destruction some cancer
cells as well as suppression hormonal and immune defensive mechanisms.
Considering mechanisms of oncogenesis and appearance resistance
cancer cells to some cytotoxic drugs as well as relapsed cancer disease
after temporary ceased chemotherapy, there were described mechanisms
resistance to cytotoxic drugs causing by immune mechanisms and
recovered of suppressed hormonal system of an organism as well as
mechanism of relapsed cancer disease. Also there were substantiated
the mechanisms resistance to cytotoxic drugs and mechanism relapse
cancer disease via describing genetic mechanisms of cancer cellular cycle
in processes of resistance to cytotoxic drugs and relapse cancer disease
from the point of view of thermodynamics. Besides there were discussed
investigations of resistance to cytotoxic drugs and relapse cancer disease
causing by the different authors.
Collaborative governance across sectors: regional development and tourism as complementary policy fields?
Authors: Gruber Elisabeth , Ebenstreit Dominik , Fischer Michael , Grösswang Florian , Heintel Martin , Payer Harald
Published: December 2024

The regional level has gained importance as a control level in Austria in recent years. Socialchallenges such as climate protection, mobility, sustainable economic development, demographic change,integration, digitalization and much more can no longer be mastered by single municipalities due to theirenormous complexity and their spatial implication beyond the local level. Throughout the Austrian territory,numerous spaces exist that are perceived as regions, which are (very differently) organized and functionas system of regional governance. Above all, it is communication-associated attributes (inclusion,activation, networking, interdependencies and cooperative arrangements) that make these regions relevantinteraction spaces. Mostly, regions have emerged that are active in the fields of regional policyand development. Anyway, additional spatial configurations exist that have developed a governance level,such as tourism regions. As these spaces often – due to the different sectors they belong to – have notonly different demarcations, actors and aims, they often run parallel to each other. Still, contemporarychallenges of spatial development have made it possible to consider a further integration of differentsectoral fields, in order to strengthen the finding of common solutions. On the example of a recent researchand development project, the paper at hand will reflect in how far sectoral integration can supportproblem solving on the regional level and in how far the national level can support this integrationon the regional level. The article not only provides insight into contemporary developments in regionalpolicy in Austria, but further reflects of how tourism and regional policy can act as collaborative governancesystems. Results reveal that it needs a programmatic incentive to set-up collaboration, although interwovenchallenges do exist.
Wybrane aspekty respektowania przez państwo zasady równiej konkurencji w związku z zautomatyzowaną wyceną nieruchomości
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warszawski: Wydział Prawa i Administracji, Jaroszyński Krzysztof
Published: December 2024

Przedmiotem artykułu jest analiza wybranych aspektów prawnych wykonywania działalności gospodarczej polegającej na wycenie nieruchomości. Obok regulacji polegających na zastrzeżeniu dokonywania wycen w formie operatów szacunkowych na rzecz rzeczoznawców majątkowych, obowiązujące prawo przewiduje również ograniczenia w dostępie do danych wykorzystywanych w procesie wyceny, różnicując w tym zakresie sytuację osób zainteresowanych. Na tym tle powstaje pytanie o zasadność utrzymywania ograniczeń w prowadzeniu przedmiotowej działalności z punktu widzenia przesłanek ingerencji państwa w wolność gospodarczą oraz zasadę konkurencji. Wątpliwości budzą rozwiązania, które limitują prawo do ponownego wykorzystania informacji sektora publicznego, pośrednio oddziałując na omawiany rynek. Rozwój nowych technologii prowadzi do przeobrażenia m.in. rynku wycen nieruchomości, aktualizując wobec niego problem rozdźwięku pomiędzy regulacją prawną i rozwijającą się gospodarką, a także pomiędzy wymogami równej konkurencji i innymi wartościami chronionymi przez państwo.
Kompetencje Prezesa UODO w zakresie cyberbezpieczeństwa w świetle polskich i unijnych regulacji prawnych
Authors: Szkurłat Adam
Published: December 2024

W ramach niniejszego opracowania przedstawiono status i kompetencje organu nadzorczego powołanego w celu ochrony podstawowych praw i wolności osób fizycznych związanych z przetwarzaniem danych osobowych. Dokonana analiza przeprowadzona została z perspektywy przepisów prawa polskiego i unijnego, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem RODO. Jednocześnie podjęto próbę określenia pozycji i kompetencji Prezesa UODO, działającego jako polski organ nadzorczy w sferze ochrony danych osobowych, w ramach krajowego systemu cyberbezpieczeństwa.
Ochrona przed piractwem internetowym w prawie Unii Europejskiej i Anticybersquatting Consumer Protection Act
Authors:   Uniwersytet Łódzki: Wydział Prawa i Administracji, Urbanek Anna
Published: December 2024

Celem artykułu jest przeanalizowanie form i zakresu piractwa internetowego w związku z przyjęciem rozporządzenia w sprawie wdrażania i funkcjonowania Domeny Najwyższego Poziomu .eu oraz porównanie rozwiązań prawnych amerykańskiej Anticybersquatting Consumer Protection Act (ACPA). Mechanizmy ochrony prawnej stosowane w porządkach prawnych Unii Europejskiej i Stanów Zjednoczonych różnią się od siebie, co może nastręczać problemów w przypadku naruszeń na skalę ogólnoświatową. Warto rozważyć uzupełnienie prawa UE o pewne rozwiązania przyjęte w ACPA.
Treści cyfrowe jako przedmiot obrotu gospodarczego – zagadnienia definicyjne
Authors:   Akademia Sztuki Wojennej: Instytut Prawa, Chałubińska-Jentkiewicz Katarzyna
Published: December 2024

„Treści cyfrowe” to jeszcze jedno pojęcie wymagające dokładnej definicji, które nie zostało do końca ustalone. Pierwotnie definicja treści cyfrowych została zawarta we wniosku w sprawie dyrektywy Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady w sprawie niektórych aspektów umów dotyczących internetowej sprzedaży towarów i innej sprzedaży na odległość, zgodnie z którą „treści cyfrowe” oznaczają dane generowane i dostarczane w formie cyfrowej, niezależnie od tego czy jej właściwości zostały zdefiniowane przez konsumenta, a są to gry wizualne, dźwiękowe, fotograficzne lub pisemne, gry cyfrowe, oprogramowanie i treści cyfrowe umożliwiające personalizację istniejących urządzeń lub oprogramowania. Oczywiście pojęcie to może być definiowane na różne sposoby przez ustawodawcę krajowego. Na przykład polska ustawa z 30 maja 2014 r. o prawach konsumenta określa „treści cyfrowe” jako nową kategorię „produktu – towaru”. Zgodnie z art. 2 ust. 5 ustawy „treści cyfrowe” są rozumiane jako dane wytwarzane i dostarczane w formie cyfrowej. Dotychczas prawo odnosiło się wyłącznie do odpowiedzialności za dostarczenie fizycznych produktów konsumentowi lub za świadczone usługi. Obecnie treści cyfrowe są kluczowym i ważnym elementem codziennych interakcji między użytkownikami sieci. Treści cyfrowe to dane, które przy użyciu odpowiedniego oprogramowania i urządzeń mogą zostać przetworzone na informacje, na przykład informacje przechowywane w plikach elektronicznych, takich jak eBooki, programy komputerowe, aplikacje na telefony komórkowe, pliki audio, filmy i obrazy. Rozpowszechnianie treści cyfrowych za pośrednictwem medialnych usług audiowizualnych ma z definicji charakter transgraniczny, co jest korzystne dla producentów, twórców i beneficjentów, a przede wszystkim konsumentów – odbiorców i użytkowników usługi. Digitalizacja i udostępnianie treści cyfrowych przyczynia się do globalnego wzrostu gospodarczego, dostępu do wiarygodnych źródeł informacji, a także zasobów uprzednio zaniedbywanych, w tym zasobów pozostających w domenie publicznej, a także nowych zasobów wytwarzanych na podstawie archiwaliów. Oczywiście treści cyfrowe wymagają ochrony i zabezpieczenia ich własności także w środowisku online. W dobie rozwoju nowoczesnych technologii szczególnie ważna staje się własność intelektualna – wyjątkowy rodzaj własności. Jej ochrona wiąże się z kluczowym aspektem rozwojowym, który dotyczy nie tylko cech samych chronionych dzieł w wielu różnych dziedzinach ludzkiej działalności, lecz także ściśle określonych lukratywnych i moralnych korzyści, do których właściciel treści cyfrowych jest uprawniony.
Koszty metod wzmocnienia podłoża w budownictwie drogowym - wyniki badań opinii inwestorów oraz przedsiębiorstw branżowych
Authors: Świtała Marcin , Cichos-Kabut Renata
Published: December 2024

Artykuł ma charakter badawczy i koncentruje się na analizie oraz ocenie kosztochłonności różnych metod wzmocnienia podłoża w budownictwie drogowym. Podstawę źródłową stanowią wyniki badań opinii respondentów. Badanie przeprowadzono wśród szerokiego grona inwestorów oraz przedsiębiorstw branżowych reprezentujących różne segmenty rynku budownictwa drogowego. W analizie uwzględniono szeroki wachlarz technologii, w tym kolumny betonowe, stabilizacje chemiczne czy pale prefabrykowane. Wyniki badań wskazują, że kosztochłonność różni się w zależności od zastosowanej metody, choć w większości przypadków pozostaje na poziomie zbliżonym, odpowiadając standardowym kosztom wzmocnienia podłoża przyjętym w branży. Metody charakteryzujące się wyższymi kosztami, takie jak palowanie i kolumny betonowe, znacząco wpływają na łączne koszty inwestycji drogowych. Zidentyfikowano istotne różnice w postrzeganiu tych kosztów między inwestorami a przedsiębiorstwami branżowymi, co sugeruje, że wykonawcy usług mogą mieć inną perspektywę na koszty związane z wzmocnieniem podłoża. Artykuł omawia również możliwości optymalizacji kosztów wzmocnienia podłoża, a także przedstawia zalecenia mające na celu poprawę efektywności kosztowej oraz zwiększenie trwałości inwestycji drogowych.
Minimal background noise enhances neural speech tracking: Evidence of stochastic resonance
Authors: Herrmann Björn
Published: December 2024

Neural activity in auditory cortex tracks the amplitude envelope of continuous speech, but recent work counter-intuitively suggests that neural tracking increases when speech is masked by background noise, despite reduced speech intelligibility. Noise-related amplification could indicate that stochastic resonance – the response facilitation through noise – supports neural speech tracking. However, a comprehensive account of the sensitivity of neural tracking to background noise and of the role cognitive investment is lacking. In five electroencephalography (EEG) experiments (N=109; box sexes), the current study demonstrates a generalized enhancement of neural speech tracking due to minimal background noise. Results show that a) neural speech tracking is enhanced for speech masked by background noise at very high SNRs (∼30 dB SNR) where speech is highly intelligible; b) this enhancement is independent of attention; c) it generalizes across different stationary background maskers, but is strongest for 12-talker babble; and d) it is present for headphone and free-field listening, suggesting that the neural-tracking enhancement generalizes to real-life listening. The work paints a clear picture that minimal background noise enhances the neural representation of the speech envelope, suggesting that stochastic resonance contributes to neural speech tracking. The work further highlights non-linearities of neural tracking induced by background noise that make its use as a biological marker for speech processing challenging.
Elucidating the Selection Mechanisms in Context-Dependent Computation through Low-Rank Neural Network Modeling
Authors: Zhang Yiteng , Feng Jianfeng , Min Bin
Published: December 2024

Humans and animals exhibit a remarkable ability to selectively filter out irrelevant information based on context. However, the neural mechanisms underlying this context-dependent selection process remain elusive. Recently, the issue of discriminating between two prevalent selection mechanisms— input modulation versus selection vector modulation—with neural activity data has been highlighted as one of the major challenges in the study of individual variability underlying context-dependent decision-making (CDM). Here, we investigated these selection mechanisms through low-rank neural network modeling of the CDM task. We first showed that only input modulation was allowed in rank-one neural networks and additional dimensions of network connectivity were required to endow neural networks with selection vector modulation. Through rigorous information flow analysis, we gained a mechanistic understanding of why additional dimensions are required for selection vector modulation and how additional dimensions specifically contribute to selection vector modulation. This new understanding then led to the identification of novel neural dynamical signatures for selection vector modulation at both single neuron and population levels readily testable in experiments. Together, our results provide a rigorous theoretical framework linking network connectivity, neural dynamics and selection mechanisms, paving the way towards elucidating the circuit mechanisms when studying individual variability in context-dependent computation.
BİLİŞSEL DAVRANIŞÇI YAKLAŞIMA DAYALI PSİKOEĞİTİM PROGRAMININ ORTAOKUL ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN PROBLEMLİ CEP TELEFONU KULLANIMINA ETKİSİ
Authors: Ceylan Vedat , Bilge Filiz
Published: December 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı, ortaokul öğrencilerinin problemli cep telefonu kullanımlarının çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesi ve bilişsel-davranışçı yaklaşıma dayalı geliştirilen psikoeğitim programının problemli cep telefonu kullanımını azaltmada etkili olup olmadığının ortaya konulmasıdır. Birinci çalışmada ilişkisel tarama modeli, ikinci çalışmada ise öntest-sontest kontrol gruplu yarı deneysel desen kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın ilk çalışma grubu, ortaokulda öğrenim gören toplam 237 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. İkinci çalışma grubuna 20 (dokuzu deney, 11’i kontrol grubu) yedinci sınıf öğrencisi katılmıştır. Deney grubuna dört oturumdan oluşan Bilişsel-Davranışçı yaklaşıma dayalı psikoeğitim programı uygulanmıştır. Kontrol grubuna herhangi bir işlem yapılmamıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak Problemli Cep Telefonu Kullanım Ölçeği ve Kişisel Bilgi Formu uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda problemli cep telefonu kullanım ölçeği puan ortalamalarında algılanan aile gelir durumuna ve cep telefonunu kullanım süresine göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmıştır. Cinsiyete göre ise anlamlı fark olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca bilişsel davranışçı yaklaşıma dayalı geliştirilen psikoeğitim programının deney grubunda yer alan katılımcıların problemli cep telefonu kullanımını azaltmada etkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Ancak bu etki gruplar arasında fark yaratacak düzeye ulaşmamıştır.
Impacts of Climate Change on Health: A Current Assessment
Authors: Er Onur , Demirsoy Nilüfer Poyraz , Yıldız Pınar , Arslangiray Özge , Kırımlıoğlu Nurdan , Akbay Feyza , Kiraz Emine Didem Evci
Published: December 2024

Climate change refers to an accelerated change in climate that is directly or indirectly attributed to human activities, altering the composition of the global atmosphere and occurring in addition to the natural climate variability observed over comparable periods. This change is one of the most critical global challenges of the 21st century, creating impacts in many environmental, social and economic dimensions. Its impacts on human health seem to be much more significant and devastating. However, despite this, studies on its direct and indirect impacts on human health are relatively few. In this review, In the scientific literature, emphasis has been placed on publications examining the different health effects that climate change may cause on human health. The data obtained within this scope was searched on databases between June and July 2024 and was eliminated and synthesized according to the current literature. Through electronic databases, local and foreign theses, reports of national and international studies, articles, and gray literature were evaluated. The subject was examined under 6 main headings: ‘the effects of extreme hot and cold weather events on health’, ‘the effects of ultraviolet radiation’, ‘the effects of changes in air quality’, ‘the effects of food and water-related health problems’, ‘health problems associated with vectors’ and ‘mental problems’. To better understand the effects on health and to evaluate them as a whole, 45 of the literature reached as a result of the systematic literature review was included in the review prepared within the scope of the study.
A Comprehensive Study of k-Circulant Matrices Derived from Generalized Padovan Numbers
Authors: Soykan Yuksel , Irge Vedat , Tasdemir Erkan
Published: December 2024

This paper presents a review of the k-circulant matrices and the generalized Padovan numbers, it further outlines the importance of these numbers and matrices with regard to matrices analysis and number theory. Considering the potential practical applications of k-circulant matrices in combination and numerical analysis, we derive explicit formulas for sum of entries, maximum column and row sum norms, Euclidean norm, spectral norm, eigenvalues and determinant of these matrices. Our research also shows the analytical relationships which exist between the usual structure of k-circulant matrices and generalized Padovan numbers that could be useful for the theoretical and practical researches.
Some Two-Parameter Exponential Discrete Distributions and Their Applications
Authors: Lawal Bayo H.
Published: December 2024

In this paper we considered discrete two-parameter distribution models with variance functions in the ABM and LM classes with variance functions \(\mu(1+\frac{\mu}{p})^r\) and \(\mu(1-\frac{\mu}{p})^{-r}\) respectively (r = 1, 2, . . .). Four example frequency data sets that have received considerable attention in the literature are employed for comparative studies. We also extend our analyses to count data having co-variates (GLM cases) that exhibit over-dispersion, under-dispersion and excess zeros. Models considered here include the NB, the generalized Poisson (GP), the new logarithmic distribution (NLD), the new geometric discrete Pareto distribution (NGDP), the Poisson- Lindley-beta prime distribution (PLB) as well as the Bell-Tuchard (BTD), the discreteWeibull (DWD) and the Poisson-inverse Gaussian (PIG) distributions. All these models belong to the exponential dispersion models for count data. Several measures of comparison (-log-likelihood, Pearson’s grouped X2, Wald’s goodness-of-fit statistic \(X^2_w\) as well as the root mean square error-RMSE) were employed. Our findings indicate that the ABM and LM classes, when r ≥ 2 do not perform any better than either NB or GP with r = 1, 2 respectively and these classes are not computational flexible.
Gender Disparity in Extracurricular Participation: Assessing Impact of Cultural Norms/Practices on Girls’ Participation in Extracurricular Activities of Secondary Schools in Korogwe District, Tanzania
Authors: Msoffe Rahma Mohamed
Published: December 2024

Education studies admitted that extracurricular activities have played a key role in academic performance and overall education development. Extracurricular involvement among students has been shown to enhance academic performance and increase motivation for further study (Kravchenko and Nygård, 2022). Students who participate in after-school programs at their respective schools are able to apply the skills they learn to other disciplines and to their everyday life (Hayes, 2014). However, gender and education studies asserted that there is gender disparity in participation in extracurricular school activities girls indicated to have poor status compared to boys (Lundh, 2022; (Jägerbrink et al, 2022).
This study therefore assessed influence of cultural norms/practices on girls’ participation in extracurricular school activities. Specifically the study was guided by the following objectives: to identify types of cultural norms/practices that hinder girls’ participation in extracurricular activities, assess influence of pointed out cultural norms/practices on girls’ participation in extracurricular school activities and examine effect of limited girls’ participation in extracurricular activities.
This study used concurrent mixed methods research design to allow collection of qualitative and quantitative data at the same time.
The study used simple random and purposive sampling techniques to obtain a sample size of 120 respondents for quantitative and qualitative data. Data analysis involved thematic analysis for qualitative data and descriptive statistics for quantitative findings.  Findings from this study noted that there is gender disparity in extracurricular activities participation whereas girls maintain poor status of participation. The observed gender gap was highly contributed by some of cultural norms/practices, gendered division of domestic roles being the leading factor. Result from this study further indicated that limited participation in extracurricular school deprives girl students an opportunity to grow academically and develop their career.
Optimization of Irrigation Scheduling and Foliar Spray of Silicon on Growth, Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Wheat
Authors: Rathva G. A. , Malve S. H. , Solanki K. A. , Rathva V. R.
Published: December 2024

Silicon is generally considered a beneficial element for crop especially under water stress/deficit condition but the mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we focus on optimization of irrigation scheduling and the effect of silicon through foliar spray for improving plant tolerance under drought stresses situation at deficit irrigation levels under semi-arid tropical condition of India. A field experiment was conducted with objective of foliar spray of silicon on growth, yield and water use efficiency of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under deficit irrigation at C.P. College of Agriculture, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Gujarat, India during the rabi season of 2023-24. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with four replications, consisting of twelve treatment combinations comprising three irrigation levels in main plot viz., I1: 0.6 IW/CPE, I2: 0.8 IW/CPE, I3: 1.0 IW/CPE and four silicon levels in sub plot viz, S0: Control, S1: Silicon @ 0.5%, S2: Silicon @ 1.0%, S3: Silicon @ 1.5%. The results of the present study revealed that Irrigation scheduling at 0.8 IW/CPE combined with foliar spray of silicon @ 1.0% significantly enhanced wheat growth, yield attributes and grain yield (3970 kg/ha) and water use efficiency (10.87 kg/ha-mm) of wheat. Higher silicon levels mitigated drought stress, optimizing productivity under deficit irrigation. The maximum predicted yield (4123 kg/ha) occurred at 411.5 mm irrigation depth, beyond which yields declined.
Method for the determination of 1,3‐butadiene in workplace air using headspace GC [Air monitoring methods, 2019]
Authors: Krämer W. , Brock T.H. , Hebisch R. , Hartwig A. ,   MAK Commission
Published: November 2019

This analytical method is a validated measurement procedure for the determination of 1,3‐butadiene [
106‐99‐0
] in workplace air averaged over the sampling period after personal or stationary sampling. Sampling is performed by drawing a defined volume of air through a charcoal tube using a suitable flow‐regulated pump. The flow rate is set to 40 mL/min with a recommended air sample volume of 20 L. The collected 1,3‐butadiene is desorbed with a mixture of benzyl alcohol/dimethyl sulfoxide/water (90+5+5 v:v) and then analysed by means of headspace‐GC and a mass selective detector (MSD). The quantitative evaluation is based on a calibration function obtained by means of a multiple‐point calibration using dichloromethane‐D
2
as internal standard. Based on the resulting peak areas the respective mass of 1,3‐butadiene can be obtained from the calibration function. The absolute limit of quantification (LOQ) is 0.5 µg for 1,3‐butadiene deposited on a charcoal tube. The mean recovery was 84% and the expanded uncertainty for 1,3‐butadiene was between 21 and 23%.

Joint Publication of the Analytical Subcommittee of the Chemistry Board of Experts of the Expert Committee Raw Materials and Chemical Industry of the German Social Accident Insurance and the working group “Air Analyses” of the Permanent Senate Commission of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area.
Hydrogen peroxide [MAK Value Documentation, 2019]
Authors: Hartwig A. ,   MAK Commission
Published: November 2019

The German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has re‐evaluated the maximum concentration at the workplace (MAK value) of hydrogen peroxide [
7722‐84‐1
] as new inhalation studies are available.

Hydrogen peroxide is an irritant to the respiratory tract and the eyes.

In a 90‐day inhalation study in the rat a NOAEC of 7 ml/m
3
was determined, which confirms the previous 28‐day inhalation study and proves that the effects at the respiratory tract do not increase with exposure duration.

A new study of acute effects in volunteers suggests that hydrogen peroxide is slightly irritating at 2.2 ml/m
3
, but not at 0.5 ml/m
3
. These findings support all previously described results of inhalation studies in workers or volunteers.

Based on the NOAEC established for humans, the MAK value of 0.5 ml/m
3
is retained.

Peak Limitation Category I and the excursion factor of 1 are retained as there are no new data.
A new interval diagnosis method: Application to the spacecraft rendezvous phase of the Mars sample return mission
Authors: Gueddi Imen , Nasri Othman , Ben Othman Kamel
Published: November 2019

This paper presents a new optimized interval principal component analysis applied to detect and isolate actuators faults of an autonomous spacecraft involved in the rendezvous phase of the Mars sample return mission. Based on the exploitation of various arithmetic and interval analysis properties, the new interval model is built by solving the interval eigenpairs problem via a resolution of a parametric linear programming problem. The detection and isolation phases are performed by extending the classic methods to interval‐valued data. The proposed method is applied to detect and isolate actuators faults that can occur on the spacecraft's thrusters. Based on data provided by a “high fidelity” industrial simulator developed by Thales Alenia Space, the obtained results proved the effectiveness of the proposed interval fault diagnosis method on detecting and isolating thrusters' faults.
A Nanocellulose‐Paper‐Based SERS Multiwell Plate with High Sensitivity and High Signal Homogeneity
Authors: Chen Longyan , Ying Binbin , Song Pengfei , Liu Xinyu
Published: November 2019

Paper‐based surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates have gained growing interest as an eco‐friendly and low‐cost tool for chemical and biosensing. However, paper‐based SERS substrates often suffer relatively low signal spatial homogeneity because of their nonuniform hot‐spot distribution. In this paper, a nanofibrillated cellulose paper (nanopaper) based SERS multiwell plate is developed for trace chemical detection with high sensitivity and high signal homogeneity. The SERS plate is fabricated from ultrasmooth (2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidin‐1‐yl)oxyl‐oxidized NFC paper (TO‐nanopaper) through wax‐printing‐based multiwell patterning followed by silver nanoparticle (AgNP) growth based on a successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) process. Taking advantage of the abundance of carboxyl groups on the TO‐nanopaper, uniformly distributed and densely arranged AgNPs are successfully synthesized through the SILAR process on the NFC multiwell surface under ambient conditions. The SERS performance of the device is evaluated for testing two Raman marker chemicals, rhodamine B and 2‐naphthalenethiol, and picomolar detection limit and high Raman enhancement factor (up to 1.46 × 109) are achieved. The Raman signal mapping results show superior signal spatial homogeneity of the device with low variations (≤11%). The nanopaper‐based SERS device represents a promising SERS platform for chemical and biomolecule detections with high sensitivity and high repeatability.
Controlling the Chromaticity of White Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes Using a Microcavity Architecture
Authors: Jeong Soyeong , Jung Suhyun , Kang Hongkyu , Choi Sang‐Bae , Hong Soonil , Lee Jinho , Yu Kilho , Kim Nara , Kee Seyoung , Lee Dong‐Seon , Lee Kwanghee
Published: November 2019

The tailoring of the chromaticity of white organic light‐emitting diodes (WOLEDs) has presented a significant challenge in their application in smart lighting sources to improve the quality of life and human performance. Here, a new microcavity WOLED (M‐WOLED) structure to modulate the chromaticity of the emitted light is demonstrated by only adjusting the thickness of the white light‐emitting layer. By introducing a polymer‐metal hybrid electrode that functions both as a partially reflective mirror and a transparent electrode, a very simple microcavity architecture that does not require additional outer mirrors, such as distributed Bragg reflectors is developed. The resulting M‐WOLEDs exhibit reddish‐, greenish‐, and bluish‐white colors with different thicknesses of the single white light‐emitting layer.
Gold‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Oxidative Diyne Cyclizations via 1,6‐Carbene Transfer
Authors: Wang Qian , Rudolph Matthias , Rominger Frank , Hashmi A. Stephen K.
Published: November 2019

A vinyl/α‐oxo carbene is generated via an α‐oxo carbene formation and subsequently transferred across the second alkyne. These highly active species can react with nitriles in an intermolecular fashion to provide substituted oxazoles. This methodology goes through 1,6‐carbene shift and offers a range of valuable products.

magnified image
The miR‐193a‐3p‐MAP3k3 Signaling Axis Regulates Substrate Topography‐Induced Osteogenesis of Bone Marrow Stem Cells
Authors: Lv Yan , Huang Ying , Xu Mingming , Heng Boon Chin , Yang Congchong , Cao Cen , Hu Zhewen , Liu Wenwen , Chi Xiaopei , Gao Min , Zhang Xuehui , Wei Yan , Deng Xuliang
Published: November 2019

Substrate topographical features induce osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs), but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. As microRNAs (miRNAs) play key roles in osteogenesis and bone regeneration, it would be meaningful to elucidate the roles of miRNAs in the intracellular signaling cascade of topographical cue‐induced osteogenic differentiation. In this study, the miRNA expression profile of the topographical feature‐induced osteogenic differentiation group is different from that of the chemical‐factors‐induced osteogenic differentiation group. miR‐193a‐3p is sensitive to substrate topographical features and its downregulation enhances osteogenic differentiation only in the absence of osteogenesis−inducing medium. Also, substrate topographical features specifically activate a nonclassical osteogenetic pathway—the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Loss‐ and gain‐of‐function experiments demonstrate that miR‐193a‐3p regulates the MAPK pathway by targeting the MAP3k3 gene. In conclusion, this data indicates that different osteogenic‐lineage‐related intracellular signaling cascades are triggered in BMSCs subjected to biophysical or chemical stimulation. Moreover, the miR‐193a‐3p‐MAP3k3 signaling axis plays a pivotal role in the transduction of biophysical cues from the substrate to regulate the osteogenic lineage specification of BMSCs, and hence may be a promising molecular target for bone regenerative therapies.
IL1R2 Blockade Suppresses Breast Tumorigenesis and Progression by Impairing USP15‐Dependent BMI1 Stability
Authors: Zhang Lixing , Qiang Jiankun , Yang Xiaoli , Wang Dong , Rehman Adeel ur , He Xueyan , Chen Weilong , Sheng Dandan , Zhou Lei , Jiang Yi‐zhou , Li Tao , Du Ying , Feng Jing , Hu Xin , Zhang Jian , Hu Xi‐chun , Shao Zhi‐ming , Liu Suling
Published: November 2019

Breast tumor initiating cells (BTICs) with ALDH+CD24−CD44+ phenotype are the most tumorigenic and invasive cell population in breast cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms are still unclear. Here, it is found that a negative immune regulator interleukin‐1 receptor type 2 (IL1R2) is upregulated in breast cancer (BC) tissues and especially in BTICs. BC patients with high IL1R2 expression have a poorer overall survival and relapse‐free survival. High IL1R2 promotes BTIC self‐renewal and BC cell proliferation and invasion. Mechanistically, IL1R2 is activated by IL1β, as demonstrated by the fact that IL1β induces the release of IL1R2 intracellular domain (icd‐IL1R2) and icd‐IL1R2 then interacts with the deubiquitinase USP15 at the UBL2 domain and promotes its activity, which finally induces BMI1 deubiquitination at lysine 81 and stabilizes BMI1 protein. In addition, IL1R2 neutralizing antibody can suppress the protein expression of both IL1R2 and BMI1, and significantly abrogates the promoting effect of IL1R2 on BTIC self‐renewal and BC cell growth both in vitro and in vivo. The current results indicate that blocking IL1R2 with neutralizing antibody provides a therapeutic approach to inhibit BC progression by targeting BTICs.
Tuning Butyrylcholinesterase Inactivation and Reactivation by Polymer‐Based Protein Engineering
Authors: Zhang Libin , Baker Stefanie L. , Murata Hironobu , Harris Nicholas , Ji Weihang , Amitai Gabriel , Matyjaszewski Krzysztof , Russell Alan J.
Published: November 2019

Organophosphate nerve agents rapidly inhibit cholinesterases thereby destroying the ability to sustain life. Strong nucleophiles, such as oximes, have been used as therapeutic reactivators of cholinesterase‐organophosphate complexes, but suffer from short half‐lives and limited efficacy across the broad spectrum of organophosphate nerve agents. Cholinesterases have been used as long‐lived therapeutic bioscavengers for unreacted organophosphates with limited success because they react with organophosphate nerve agents with one‐to‐one stoichiometries. The chemical power of nucleophilic reactivators is coupled to long‐lived bioscavengers by designing and synthesizing cholinesterase‐polymer‐oxime conjugates using atom transfer radical polymerization and azide‐alkyne “click” chemistry. Detailed kinetic studies show that butyrylcholinesterase‐polymer‐oxime activity is dependent on the electrostatic properties of the polymers and the amount of oxime within the conjugate. The covalent coupling of oxime‐containing polymers to the surface of butyrylcholinesterase slows the rate of inactivation of paraoxon, a model nerve agent. Furthermore, when the enzyme is covalently inhibited by paraoxon, the covalently attached oxime induced inter‐ and intramolecular reactivation. Intramolecular reactivation will open the door to the generation of a new class of nerve agent scavengers that couple the speed and selectivity of biology to the ruggedness and simplicity of synthetic chemicals.
Near‐Infrared‐Irradiation‐Mediated Synaptic Behavior from Tunable Charge‐Trapping Dynamics
Authors: Wang Yan , Yang Jing , Ye Wenbin , She Donghong , Chen Jinrui , Lv Ziyu , Roy Vellaisamy A. L. , Li Huilin , Zhou Kui , Yang Qing , Zhou Ye , Han Su‐Ting
Published: November 2019

Parallel information storage coupled with storage density is a major focus for non‐volatile memory devices to achieve neuromorphic computing that can work at low power. In this regard, a photoactive charge‐trapping medium consisting of inorganic heteronanosheets for the fabrication of a synaptic transistor is demonstrated. This synaptic device senses and responds to near‐infrared (NIR) light signals and mimics the memorization and dynamic forgetting process due to the reversible nature of photogenerated charge interaction. Device‐level synaptic evolutions from short‐term plasticity to long‐term plasticity, paired pulse facilitation, and paired pulse depression are realized with light modulation on the weight update terminal. To understand the underlying mechanism of the synaptic behavior under NIR signals, systematic analysis is carried out using in situ atomic force microscopy based electrical techniques. With its photoactive architecture, this information processing analogue is validated for visual object recognition, which paves the way for implementing NIR‐controlled neuromorphic computing.
Self‐Regulated Super‐Hydrophobic Cu/CuO Electrode Film Deposited by One‐Step High‐Power Sputtering
Authors: An Xiaokai , Yang Chao , Wu Zhongzhen , Liu Liangliang , Li Shunning , Zhou Lin , Tang Wei , Ma Zhengyong , Wu Zhongcan , Fu Ricky K. Y. , Tian Xiubo , Lin Hai , Pan Feng , Chu Paul K.
Published: November 2019

In spite of advances in integrated circuit technology, dust and corrosion continue to play detrimental roles in electronic and device components such as electrodes and wires, causing possible short circuits and arcing, consequently undermining the long‐time durability of devices. Super‐hydrophobic Cu/CuO films with easy cleaning characteristics and excellent corrosion resistance are prepared by one‐step high‐power magnetron sputtering and tested under high salinity conditions. Self‐regulation of the preferred orientations from Cu (200) to Cu (111) and formation of micro/nano‐rod surface features can be tuned by changing the power density. After exposure for 96 h in air, CuO (111), which has a small surface energy, is produced in situ on the surface of the Cu (111) micro/nano‐rods. Such a super‐hydrophobic surface with a contact angle of 152.5° has attractive properties such as excellent protection against dust particles, easy cleaning, as well as long‐term corrosion resistance compared to conventional Cu metallization films. These results reveal that the Cu/CuO micro/nano‐rod electrode film has great potential in microelectronics, in particular in metal/ceramic circuit boards requiring high power densities and operated in environments with high salinity.