bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implicancias del Programa Scratch en el proceso de aprendizaje: una revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Huaripata-Huaripata Angélica
Published: February 2023

El reciente estudio tiene como fin indagar y analizar la información de investigaciones teóricas y empíricas sobre el Programa Scratch y su implicancia en el proceso de aprendizaje, por ello se han recopilado y analizado información relevante, teniendo como resultado la revisión de 45 investigaciones de los cuales se ha considerado 24 artículos científicos que se encuentran alineados al objetivo planteado. En los estudios revisados se utiliza como metodología la investigación bibliográfica documental y como instrumento la lectura crítica de antecedentes, teniendo en cuenta la referencia de estudios de los seis últimos años de publicación. En los resultados se instituyó la implicancia del Programa Scratch en el proceso de aprendizaje, por ello, es primordial el uso de software educativo en la labor docente, porque permite al profesor tener claro los propósitos de aprendizaje que busca, la forma más creativa para que los dicentes pueden alcanzar los estándares a lo largo de la actividad de aprendizaje.  Se concluye que la aplicación del Programa Scratch ha evolucionado el ámbito educativo de forma óptima, cambiando las estrategias rutinarias del proceso de enseñar; por aquellas que favorecen en los escolares el desarrollo de habilidades tecnológicas.
Gestión del talento humano en el entorno BANI
Authors: Huicab-García Yhadira
Published: February 2023

El entorno BANI (acrónimo de brittle, anxius, non-linear, incompreensivel, que traducido al español, es: frágil, ansioso, no lineal e incomprensible), se desarrolla a partir del año 2020, donde las personas, organizaciones y naciones se vieron afectadas por la pandemia sanitaria por diversos cambios en el entorno. El presente proyecto de investigación realiza un análisis en la gestión del talento humano en el entorno BANI para las organizaciones, en donde se investigan las estrategias centradas en la gestión y retención del talento humano a nivel operativo, que desarrollan las empresas en los momentos donde se genera un entorno quebradizo, inestable, ambiguo e incomprensible y se valida la prospectiva estratégica con la variable talento humano de la organización.

La metodología que se sigue es una investigación documental que permita analizar las tendencias de la gestión del talento humano y estudio de los entornos interno y externo, VICA y BANI, analizar estrategias que implementan muchas organizaciones para fidelizar el talento humano de la organización. La investigación documental es una técnica de investigación cualitativa, las técnicas utilizadas durante el proceso de investigación fueron los grupos focales, las entrevistas semi-estructuradas, encuestas para la caracterización poblacional y aplicación de una escala tipo Likert para tener el índice de calidad ambiental percibida, a través de un cuestionario estructurado, permitiendo estudiar la cultura organizacional o corporativa, liderazgo empresarial, responsabilidad social empresarial, productividad, gerencia del cambio, replantear la empresa en el corto plazo, riesgos, disrupción, adaptación a entornos VICA y BANI.
Estrategia de aprendizaje para desarrollar el pensamiento crítico en los alumnos de cuarto grado de la Unidad Educativa Quince de Octubre
Authors: Salvatierra-Avila Freddy , Quijije-Barcia Mercedes , Baque-Pibaque Liliana
Published: February 2023

La educación basada en competencias busca el desarrollo de habilidades cognitivas que permiten al estudiante generar un pensamiento crítico que se traduce en la capacidad del alumnado para resolver problemas dentro y fuera del aula. Este proyecto de investigación tiene como objetivo principal diseñar una estrategia de aprendizaje para desarrollar el pensamiento crítico en alumnos de cuarto grado de la Unidad Educativa Fiscal “Quince de Octubre”. En este sentido, es necesario que los docentes aprovechen los diversos momentos de trabajo en el campo de la educación y sean capaces de introducir o desarrollar estrategias para cultivar esta criticidad en los estudiantes. De ahí la importancia de comprender las dimensiones del razonamiento, los criterios y elementos intelectuales necesarios para desarrollar el pensamiento crítico, y analizar estrategias para fomentar la participación activa y reflexiva en función del nivel académico de los estudiantes, puesto que, al desarrollar el pensamiento crítico es una estrategia que beneficia el aprendizaje en general. Por lo tanto, la enseñanza de los educandos y los métodos de los docentes deben transformarse, es decir dar un giro para cambiar la rutinaria memorización por el pensamiento crítico para enfrentarse a los cambios y aportar con ideas nuevas y creativas. Es por esto, que está investigación fue educacional porque adopta una perspectiva dialéctica, utilizando métodos tanto cuantitativos como cualitativos para estudiar los fenómenos educativos. En el diagnóstico de campo se aplican diferentes métodos, técnicas y herramientas para verificar la objetividad del problema. Los enfoques tanto a nivel teórico como práctico permiten identificar causas, consecuencias y diseñar estrategias de instrucción basadas en referencias científicas sistemáticas en un marco teórico para guiar el proceso de enseñanza para comprender mejor sus potencialidades, habilidades, necesidades y por ende el aumento de la participación de los estudiantes.
Una mirada a la educación ubicua, y su eventual interacción con los sistemas cognitivos
Authors: Rivadeneira-Ramos Edgar , Galarza-Schoenfeld Juan
Published: February 2023

Este trabajo ha volcado su mirada a la necesidad de encontrar un nuevo posible escenario de lo que es la educación ubicua, haciendo que como parte de ese modelo se integre a los sistemas cognitivos, para orientar un entorno mucho más ajustado a las necesidades de los beneficiarios (estudiantes y profesores).

Se inicia analizando el efecto de la pandemia del COVID-19 en el sistema académico, sin dejar de considerar el hecho cierto de que la tecnología está presente en este ámbito desde hace mucho tiempo, pero las condiciones presentadas desde el primer trimestre del año 2020, ha hecho que este sea un tema de creciente relevancia.

La problemática se resume en el conflicto que poseen los alumnos universitarios, en cuanto a realizar las diligencias académicas en un ambiente on-line, al no poseer un modelo tecnológico que les brinde aptitudes para la elaboración de las actividades tomando en cuenta sus existentes necesidades, asimismo considerando la autonomía de elección de tiempo y lugar para atender sus responsabilidades de una forma mucho más eficiente y efectiva para el sistema. De ahí se desprende la revisión documental desarrollada y el planteamiento de una aproximación de solución, eventualmente viable.
Intervención del padre en las actividades de crianza del hijo o hija
Authors: Giler-Giler Rosa , Cevallos-Vera Katherine , Mendoza-Castro Andrea
Published: February 2023

El presente artículo tiene por objeto el estudio de las funciones del padre en la crianza del niño o niña en el entorno familiar, por generaciones se han designado roles en la sociedad: a los hombres como el proveedor del hogar, a las mujeres como un ser reproductivo, quien lleva 9 meses en su vientre al infante y da lactancia materna, esta desigualdad en la distribución de las actividades domésticas y de cuidado es lo que motiva en este artículo a analizar la participación de los hombres en  las actividades de crianza en el hogar, particularmente en el cuidado directo de hijos e hijas de 1 a 3  años. Se busca dar respuesta a preguntas como ¿participan los hombres padres en las actividades de crianza, con hijos e hijas de 1 a 3 años, en las actividades de cuidado directo?, ¿en qué actividades y cuánto tiempo le dedican a las mismas? ¿Cuál es la responsabilidad del padre en el hogar? Para el desarrollo de este trabajo se utilizó como técnica la encuesta dirigida a 36 familias del Centro de Desarrollo Infantil María de la Merced de la ciudadela Jaime Roldos, del cantón Junín, provincia de Manabí, logrando extraer las conclusiones de este trabajo investigativo.
Value of the Crowd-Sourced Assessment of Technical Skills (C-SATS) Platform in Surgical Procedures: A Systematic Review of Evidence
Authors: A Tommaselli Giovanni , J Sehat Alvand , D Ricketts Crystal , W Clymer Jeffrey , Philippe Grange
Published: February 2023

Background: Crowd-Sourced Assessment of Technical Skills (C-SATS) is a surgical data management and learning platform that leverages the knowledge of large expert surgeon and lay groups to assess the technique and technical skills of surgeons in a highly efficient manner. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize published literature on the performance of C-SATS as compared to expert evaluations and assess its use as a training and validation tool in minimally invasive surgery (MIS). Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed per PRISMA guidelines using the Medline, Embase, and Google Scholar databases on published studies that evaluated the use of C-SATS following MIS, such as laparoscopic or robotic-assisted surgery. Results: A total of 21 reports were included in the review. Twelve studies comparing crowd-sourcing evaluations against expert opinion indicated overall excellent or good correlation with Global Operative Assessment of Laparoscopic Skills (GOALS), Global Evaluative Assessment of Robotic Skills (GEARS), and Robotic Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills (R-OSATS) scores, with correlation coefficients (Pearson or Spearman) ranging from 0.69 to 0.95 and reliability index (Cronbach’s alpha) from 0.63 to 0.93 across different specialties and surgical approaches. When using C-SATS to assess performance and validation, assessments positively correlated with traditional methods of time and error-based scoring and global rating scale. Conclusions: Based on the current published literature, the C-SATS platform has been shown to efficiently provide crowd-sourced evaluations that correlate favorably with expert evaluation across a range of surgical specialties and approaches. Use of crowdsourcing has uniformly yielded accurate evaluations of surgeons’ technical skills in a markedly shorter time than expert reviews. C-SATS may be a cost-effective complement or alternative to traditional models of evaluating surgical proficiency. Future studies are needed to determine whether the use of C-SATS will lead to improved surgical performance and patient outcomes.
Água virtual e pegada hídrica da soja: aumento das exportações nos portos da Amazônia brasileira versus riscos ambientais e hídricos
Authors: Carvalho Vanderson Luiz de Sousa , Sousa Eveline Vinhote de , Oliveira Leidiane Leão de , Rodrigues Júnior Urandi João , Nagata Khayth Marrony R.
Published: February 2023

Novos conceitos têm sido utilizados para compreender os usos múltiplos da água, exemplo disso, é o estudo da água virtual e da pegada hídrica, os quais podem ser utilizados como indicadores de uso hídrico eficiente. O objetivo desse trabalho foi analisar o volume de água virtual exportada por meio da commoditie soja pelos portos do arco norte (Santarém-PA, Barcarena-PA e Itacoatiara-AM) no período de 2015 a junho de 2020, e relacionar a pegada hídrica da soja na região de Santarém-PA. No ano de 2020 ocorreu o maior volume de água virtual em m³/t exportado pelo porto de Barcarena-PA totalizando o volume de 12.673.773.255m³/t. Um grande volume de água virtual é exportado anualmente em destino de outros países, a cultura da soja é uma das culturas que vem crescendo no Brasil, vindo para o norte, na região Amazônica onde os recursos hídricos são abundantes, sendo assim colaborando com o fluxo hídrico internacional de água virtual. O avanço da perda do bioma pode gerar consequências climáticas, pois este bioma é responsável por fornecer vapor d’água para o sul e sudeste do Brasil favorecendo as chuvas nessa região, assim, é possível um desequilíbrio nos recursos hídricos do Brasil.
Os exercícios físicos na prevenção e tratamento da cardiopatia isquêmica
Authors: Araújo Robert Maurício de Oliveira , Spindola Junior Romualdo Oliveira
Published: February 2023

A cardiopatia isquêmica é uma doença que se é causada como um estreitamento das artérias coronárias por placas de gordura, causando uma redução do fluxo sanguíneo do sangue para o coração podendo ocasionar uma isquemia miocárdio ou até mesmo um infarto. Objetivo: O presente teve como objetivo analisar os benefícios dos exercícios físicos para prevenção e recuperação de doenças cardiovasculares. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo de revisão integrativa cujo levantamento dos trabalhos para análise foi realizada por meio de buscas nas bases de dados Portal de Periódicos CAPES, Scientific Eletronic Library Online - Scielo, PubMed. Resultados: Após a sistemática de seleção dos estudos, foram elencados sete trabalhos para amostra final. O estudo evidenciou que a pratica de exercício físico seja ele feia de maneira resistida com alta cargas ou de maneira aeróbica com baixas cargas trás melhoras significativas para os indivíduos tanto no tratamentos das doenças cardiovasculares como na prevenção para evitar a obtenção das mesma no futuro, benefícios esses que são o aumento da força e resistência dos indivíduos, melhora na capacidade aeróbica, redução de gordura corporal que ajuda internamente na melhora do fluxo sanguíneo, redução da pressão arterial tanto sistólica como diastólica, triglicerídeos, ácido úrico e na frequência cardíaca. Conclusões: A prática de exercícios promove melhorias na redução de gordura, IMC, melhora na capacidade funcional, força, resistência entre outros atingindo de maneira geral na qualidade de vida dos indivíduos.
A experiência dos familiares frente à participação em visitas virtuais aos pacientes internados na UTI-COVID durante a pandemia
Authors: Batista Juliana dos Santos , Bastos Mayara Yasmim Borges , Palma Thamires , Aceti Daniela
Published: February 2023

Objetivo: Analisar a experiência dos familiares que realizaram visita virtual (VV) à pacientes internados na UTI COVID do Hospital Sírio Libanês, durante a pandemia. Método: Estudo transversal descritivo e exploratório, que utilizou entrevista semi-estruturada desenhada para tal finalidade. As questões de múltipla escolha foram analisadas através de estatísticas descritivas e a questão aberta através do método Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC), que trabalha a análise dos dados empíricos de natureza verbal para configurar um sujeito coletivo portador de discurso social. Resultados e discussão: População do estudo majoritariamente formada adultos jovens (89,47%) do sexo masculino (77,60%), com escolaridade superior (65,78%), conectados da cidade de São Paulo (63%), que nunca tinham participado de VV (93,42%). Consideraram o tempo de visita satisfatório (88,15%) e a realização extremamente importante (78,94%), sentindo-se melhor emocionalmente após a realização (92,1%). As temáticas identificadas no relato de experiência foram categorizadas como: alternativa diante a restrição de visitas, o medo de contaminação e a distância, recurso de enfrentamento emocional e de suporte ao luto, participação da família no cuidado e ajuda na recuperação do paciente, presença de ansiedade por  quebra de expectativas sobre o funcionamento da visita, alternativa para aproximação com pacientes intubados, para despedida e condução por psicólogos proporcionando cuidado e acolhimento.  Conclusão: A experiência com VV foi considerada exitosa, sendo recurso de aproximação para familia, podendo se estender para ocasiões além da pandemia. Sugere-se ampliar as discussões sobre melhores práticas em VV, incluindo aspectos relacionados à segurança e autonomia.
Plantas medicinais: indicação de raizeiros para o tratamento de infecções
Authors: Rêgo Margarida Sérgia Moura Amorim , Costa Luma Sampaio , Alves Iago Felipe Ferreira , Santos Tatiana Maria Palmeira dos , Almeida Delma Holanda de , Santos Júnior José Alfredo dos
Published: February 2023

O costume de utilizar plantas medicinais vem ganhando espaço, e a cada dia os medicamentos naturais estão sendo mais valorizados no mercado atual. O estudo teve como objetivo conhecer as variadas plantas indicadas pelos raizeiros com ação antimicrobiana. Pesquisa censitária de cunho descritivo com abordagem quantitativa, foi feito o levantamento de dados sobre o conhecimento etnobotânico e farmacológico dos comerciantes de plantas medicinais da feira livre. Ocorreu o esclarecimento da pesquisa aos raizeiros, e os que aceitaram participar assinaram o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE), como também responderam a um questionário pré-estabelecido, contendo questões sobre o conhecimento da utilização das plantas medicinais com atividade antimicrobiana bem como no combate a infecções. Raizeiros que tinham entre vinte a sessenta anos de idade, sendo comerciantes de plantas com 5 meses a 35 anos no mercado de trabalho. Foram citadas 50 plantas medicinais, porém, 27 espécies em 21 famílias botânicas tiveram importância para o estudo citadas pelos raizeiros; 5 vegetais alcançaram destaque e são: a aroeira, o barbatimão, o mastruz, o sambacaitá e o uchi amarelo. Com o avanço da tecnologia da informação e comunicação, muitas pessoas ainda procuram os meios naturais para o tratamento e a possível cura de suas enfermidades.
Tinjauan Kaidah Fikih terhadap Fatwa MUI tentang Hukum Autopsi
Authors: Arifandi Firman
Published: February 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana tinjauan dari kaidah fikih terhadap fatwa MUI seputar hukum autopsi. Kaidah fikih adalah prinsip pokok hukum dalam Islam yang dikemas dalam redaksi yang global dan diambil dari intisari Al-Qur’an, Al Hadits, serta Ijma sahabat. Majelis Ulama Indonesia adalah lembaga perkumpulan para ulama dari berbagai ormas di Indonesia yang salah satu tugasnya adalah mengeluarkan fatwa terhadap permasalahan-permasalahan kontemporer. Melalui penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan interpretasi dari redaksi fatwa MUI nomor 6 tahun 2009 tentang hukum bedah mayat, tulisan ini akan menunjukan peran kaidah fikih yang tertuang di dalamnya.
Studying translation by Cryo-Electron Microscopy
Authors:   , Englmeier Robert Daniel
Published: February 2023

In this thesis, we employ cryoET to investigate mitoribosomes inside isolated human mitochondria and cell sections of green algae. The findings shed light on the molecular evolution of mitoribosomes and visualize the structure of the human mitoribosome inside intact mitochondria at unprecedented resolution. This allowed us to resolve a previously unidentified binding interface of the mitochondrial protein insertase and identify the presence of a hitherto uncharacterized alternative insertase-complex. In addition, the structure of the sucrose-arrested plant ribosome was determined by SPA. The structure allowed for the identification of the sucrose binding site, depicting the first case of a metabolite-binding site for a eukaryotic ribosome. Surprisingly, the binding site is functionally conserved across humans, plants and bacteria. The findings in this thesis provide novel insights into mitochondrial protein synthesis and metabolite-induced translational regulation of eukaryotes.
Educación sexual en los adolescentes de América Latina 2012 - 2021: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Córdova-Chaccha Gloria
Published: February 2023

Una adecuada Educación Sexual en adolescentes, la familia e instituciones, puede prevenir embarazos no deseados y las enfermedades de transmisión sexual. Objetivo: determinar la cobertura de la Educación Sexual en los Adolescentes de Latinoamérica. Métodos: se ha realizado una revisión sismática publicados en revistas indizadas en banco de datos Scielo y Ebsco, durante el periodo 2012 al 2021, de acuerdo a la metodología Prisma 2009. Resultados: después de la aplicación con filtros; Scielo 58, Ebsco 46, total 104 estudios encontrados en la base de datos. En efecto, 17 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión en esta revisión. Conclusiones: esta investigación explica que la magnitud de artículos científicos correspondientes a la temática de educación sexual para adolescentes en Latinoamérica, se va incrementando en los últimos años de manera positiva. Asimismo, México es el país que tiene la cifra más alta en publicaciones. De igual modo los estudios demostraron mayor preferencia por el enfoque cuantitativo a diferencia del cualitativo y mixto. Definitivamente, la enseñanza en salud sexual, garantiza estar preparado para la vida actuando con autonomía y principios éticos.
Unmet Medical Needs in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treatment: How to Design Pre-Emptive Combination Therapies
Authors: Karachaliou Niki , Rosell Rafael
Published: February 2023

The rapidly expanding catalogue of human oncogenic mutations, coupled with difficulties in identifying the cellular targets of active compounds in phenotypic screens, has refocused drug discovery efforts on inhibitors of specific cellular proteins. This new ‘target-based’ approach has enjoyed some spectacular successes in several types of tumours, including non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations occur in 17% of NSCLC patients, with notable response to single agent therapy. Unfortunately, all patients eventually develop acquired resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), while complete remission rate to EGFR TKIs monotherapy is low. Priming BIM, a proapoptotic signalling BH3-only protein, induces sensitivity to erlotinib [Tarceva®] in EGFR-mutant cell lines. Synthetic lethal approaches and pre-emptive therapies based on the initial expression of BIM may significantly improve treatment outcomes. EGFR mutations result in transient pro-death imbalance of survival and apoptotic signalling in response to EGFR inhibition. Src homology 2 domain-containing phosphatase 2 is essential to the balance between extracellular signal-regulated kinase, phosphoinositide- 3-kinase/protein kinase B and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 activity. Furthermore, stromal hepatocyte growth factor confers EGFR TKI resistance and induces inter-receptor crosstalk with Ephrin Type-A receptor 2, CDCP1, AXL, and JAK1. A better understanding of the complex cancer molecular biology of EGFR mutant lung cancer is crucial for development of effective treatment and design of successful future clinical studies.
Pemberian Myofascial Release untuk Menurunkan Nyeri Myofascial Low Back Pain pada Karyawan Administrasi
Authors: Yani Fitri
Published: February 2023

Nyeri Myofascial adalah masalah nyeri musculoskeletal yang umum,  dengan nyeri myofascial punggung bagian bawah (myofascial low back pain) menjadi salah satu daerah yang paling sering terkena. Myofascial release merupakan intervensi yang banyak digunakan untuk mengurangi nyeri myofascial. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuktikan myofascial release dapat menurunkan nyeri myofascial punggung bagian bawah (myofascial low back pain). Penelitian menggunakan desain experimental dengan pre-test dan post test one grup yang berisikan 10 sampel dengan dosis intervensi diberikan selama 4 minggu dengan 3 kali dalam seminggu.  Pengukuran nyeri menggunakan Visual analogue scale dan dengan cara  mengukur nyeri sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Sampel dengan kriteria inklusi positif nyeri myofascial low back pain dan kriteria eksklusi diantaranya subjek memiliki kelainan fraktur clavicula atau vertebra. Terjadi penurunan nyeri pada sampel yang berarti menunjukkan myofascial  release dapat menurunkan nyeri secara bermakna.
MAKING A SIMPLE TAM-EM BOARD TO ASSIST RADIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION IN BABIES USING ACRYLIC
Authors: Yudha Sagita , Dewilza Nerifa , Isnardi Dikki
Published: February 2023

Repetition on radiographic films due to object movement that often occurs in uncooperative patients, especially occurs in infants or toddlers, examinations that are often performed on infants or toddlers are examinations of the thorax and abdomen. At the time the examination was carried out, then the patient was uncooperative, it would produce an unclear picture caused by the patient's movement, so that the picture was not suitable for reading and resulted in the repetition of the resulting radiographic film. At the time of examination, the baby is often held or assisted by the patient's family or the mother of the baby, so that the family or mother of the baby is exposed to scattered radiation, so that the principle of radiation protection does not work properly, so a tool is needed, namely the manufacture of a Tam-Em device. A simple board to help radiological examinations in infants using Acrylic. To find out the effectiveness of making Tam Em Board Aids on baby examination using acrylic. This type of research is qualitative with experimental methods. Testing the Tam Em-Board tool at Pariaman Hospital by involving a radiographer as an assessor in testing a device with infant patients by assessing several components including the reliability of the tool when used, the safety of a tool during the inspection process, the quality of the radiograph produced when using the tool, the aesthetics of a device. tools and whether there are repeated examinations when using the Tam Em-Board tool, after testing with several assessment components and an assessment questionnaire of a tool assessed by the accompanying radiographer, it can be concluded that the tool works well and there are no repetitions during the examination.
GAPS IN THE ANTI-TERRORISM FUNCTION OF THE EMERCOM OF RUSSIA
Authors:   Saint Petersburg University of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, St.Petersburg, Russia, METELKOV ALEXANDER
Published: February 2023

In order to increase the effectiveness of the participation of the Russian Emergencies Ministry in countering terrorism, including nuclear (radiological) terrorism, based on the methods of interpretation of legal norms, comparative legal and system analysis of regulatory legal acts and the content of basic concepts regulating the competence of authorities, the author revealed a mismatch of functions EMERCOM of Russia and its territorial bodies. An analysis of the elements of legal norms on countering terrorism in the activities of the Ministry and its subordinate bodies shows a split approach to the entire system and its individual structural elements. The results of a comparative law study of legal relations in the field of countering terrorism demonstrate disproportions in the main functions of the Main Directorates for the constituent entities of the Russia and the Ministry itself, the mismatch of departmental competence with the norms of basic anti-terrorist legislation, which is reflected in the quality and completeness of their implementation in practice. Therefore, the author proposes to clarify departmental functions in accordance with the current legislation of the Russia and make appropriate changes to the Decree of the President of the Russia of July 11, 2004 No. 868.
KONDISI TERUMBU KARANG DAN KOMUNITAS IKAN PADA AREA PENCADANGAN KAWASAN KONSERVASI DAERAH (KKD) WATUPUTE, KABUPATEN KOLAKA UTARA
Authors: Subhan Subhan , Wijaya Anung , Warsandi Ishaq , Musni La Ode , Amrullah Baso , Jupri Jupri , Tenriabeng Indri Maharani , Husein Muhammad Ahmi
Published: February 2023

Data and information about the coral reefs' condition and fish are essential in planning a marine protected area (MPA). This study aims to provide an overview of the condition of coral reefs and the community structure of reef fish in terms of species distribution, density, and biomass in the Watupute waters – Kolaka Regency. The Point Intercept Transect is used to collect data on the condition of coral reefs and the underwater visual census for observing reef fish communities. The condition of the corals in the Watupute reserve area is generally moderate. Regarding the presence of reef fish communities, areas with higher live coral cover had higher density, number of species, size, and biomass. This area is reasonable to be recommended as a core zone in the design of MPA zonation.Keywords: coral reef, reef fish, marine protected area
IDENTIFIKASI POTENSI SUMBER DAYA EKOSISTEM MANGGROVE DI PESISIR TANJUNG PINANG KABUPATEN MUNA BARAT
Authors: Nur Amelia Riska , Ramli Muhammad , Subhan Subhan
Published: February 2023

Mangrove biasanya di jadikan sebagai salah satu sumber penghasil ekonomi bagi masyarakat di Desa Tanjung Pinang untuk mencari kepiting, udang dan hewan laut lainnya, dan juga kayu dari bakaunya di jadikan sebagai bahan untuk mendirikan rumah- rumah warga. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Indeks Nilai Penting dan potensi sumberdaya ekosistem mangrove di pesisir Tanjung Pinang Kecamatan Kusambi Kabupaten Muna Barat. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah metode jalur (Line Transek) dan kuadrat contoh yaitu dengan cara menarik tegak lurus garis pantai sepanjang 100 meter di setiap stasiun, kemudian di atas garis tersebut ditempatkan plot berukuran 10 m x 10 m sebagai penghitungan jumlah pohon atau tegakan. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan Mangrove yang telah dilakukan di Pesisir Desa Tanjung Pinang, Kecamatan Kusambi, Kabupaten Muna Barat ditemukan 3 jenis Mangrove yang memiliki nilai kerapatan jenis 800–2600 ind/ha dan keberadaan ketiga jenis ini hampir dapat ditemukan di setiap petak/plot pengamatan pada setiap stasiun dengan persentase tumbuhan mangrove yang tergolong tinggi sehingga temasuk dalam kategori baik. Hasil analisis Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) mangrove berkisar antara 115,56-130,70 yang mengindikasikan peran penting mangrove dalam menjaga lingkungan pesisirter golong tinggi. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa potensi sumberdaya ekosistem mangrove di Pesisir Desa Tanjung Pinang, Kecamatan Kusambi, Kabupaten Muna Barat berada dalam kondisi stabil.Kata kunci : Komposisi, Indeks Nilai Penting, Mangrove, Tanjung Pinang
Mediating Role of Family Relations between Internet Addiction and Aggression Among University Students
Authors: Akbar Faiza , Ahsan Sadaf , Andleeb Syeda Naila , Khan Soulat
Published: February 2023

The current study aimed to find out relationship between internet addiction, aggression and family relations in university students. Moreover, the study also examined the mediating role of family relations between internet addiction and aggression among university students. The University students were recruited as sample as researchers have found that majority of young adults use internet as time pass and become addicted but they are not aware of the addition (Hassan et al., 2020). Cross-sectional survey research design was used and data was collected through purposive sampling technique using Internet Addiction Test (Young, 1998), Aggression Questionnaire (Buss & Perry, 1992) and Index of Family Relations (Hudson, 1992). In addition, gender differences were also studied. Sample comprised of 300 students between the age of 18 and 35 years (M = 29.09, SD = 11.32). Bivariate correlation matrix revealed that internet addiction had significant positive relationship with aggression (r = 0.88, p < 0.01) and significant negative relationship with family relations (r = -0.86, p < 0.01). Moreover, mediating role of family relations was found to be significant in relationship between internet addiction and aggression among university students. However, gender differences were found to be non-significant on internet addiction, family relations and aggression among university students. The study will be useful in highlighting the importance of good family relations in minimizing adverse effects of internet addiction and aggression among university students.
Lärare ändrar sin undervisning efter learning study
Authors: Broman Karolina
Published: February 2023

Variation och jämförelser är något som förbättrar lärandet. Lärare tog till sig denna insikt i ett learning study-projekt där de fick chans att ställa begrepp mot varandra i undervisningen.
A novel gnotobiotic experimental system for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) reveals a microbial influence on mucosal barrier function and adipose tissue accumulation during the yolk sac stage
Authors: Gómez de la Torre Canny Sol , Nordgård Catherine Taylor , Mathisen Amalie Johanne Horn , Degré Lorentsen Eirik , Vadstein Olav , Bakke Ingrid
Published: February 2023

Gnotobiotic models have had a crucial role in studying the effect that commensal microbiota has on the health of their animal hosts. Despite their physiological and ecological diversity, teleost fishes are still underrepresented in gnotobiotic research. Moreover, a better understanding of host-microbe interactions in farmed fish has the potential to contribute to sustainable global food supply. We have developed a novel gnotobiotic experimental system that includes the derivation of fertilized eggs of farmed and wild Atlantic salmon, and gnotobiotic husbandry of fry during the yolk sac stage. We used a microscopy-based approach to estimate the barrier function of the skin mucus layer and used this measurement to select the derivation procedure that minimized adverse effects on the skin mucosa. We also used this method to demonstrate that the mucus barrier was reduced in germ-free fry when compared to fry colonized with two different bacterial communities. This alteration in the mucus barrier was preceded by an increase in the number of cells containing neutral mucosubstances in the anterior segment of the body, but without changes in the number of cells containing acidic substances in any of the other segments studied along the body axis. In addition, we showed how the microbial status of the fry temporarily affected body size and the utilization of internal yolk stores during the yolk sac stage. Finally, we showed that the presence of bacterial communities associated with the fry, as well as their composition, affected the size of adipose tissue. Fry colonized with water from a lake had a larger visceral adipose tissue depot than both conventionally raised and germ-free fry. Together, our results show that this novel gnotobiotic experimental system is a useful tool for the study of host-microbe interactions in this species of aquacultural importance.
4-Allyl-2-methoxyphenol modulates the expression of genes involved in efflux pump, biofilm formation and sterol biosynthesis in azole resistant Aspergillus fumigatus
Authors: Sen Pooja , Gupta Lovely , Vijay Mukund , Vermani Sarin Maansi , Shankar Jata , Hameed Saif , Vijayaraghavan Pooja
Published: February 2023

Introduction

Antifungal therapy for aspergillosis is becoming problematic because of the toxicity of currently available drugs, biofilm formation on host surface, and increasing prevalence of azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus. Plants are rich source of bioactive molecules and antimicrobial activity of aromatic bioactive compounds draws attention because of its promising biological properties. The present study elucidated the antibiofilm activity of 4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol (eugenol) against azole-resistant environmental A. fumigatus isolates.

Methods

Soil samples were collected from agricultural fields across India; azole-resistant A. fumigatus (ARAF) were isolated followed by their molecular identification. Antibiofilm activity of eugenol was calculated via tetrazolium based-MTT assay. The expression of the multidrug efflux pumps genes MDR1, MDR4, transporters of the MFS gene, erg11A gene encoding 14α demethylase, and transcription regulatory genes, MedA, SomA and SrbA, involved in biofilm formation of A. fumigatus were calculated by quantitative real time PCR.

Results

Out of 89 A. fumigatus isolates, 10 were identified as azole resistant. Eugenol exhibited antibiofilm activity against ARAF isolates, ranging from 312 to 500 µg/mL. Confocal laser scanning microscopy analysis revealed absence of extracellular matrix of ARAF biofilm after eugenol treatment. The gene expression indicated significantly low expression of efflux pumps genes MDR1, MDR4, erg11A and MedA in eugenol treated ARAF isolates when compared with untreated isolates.

Conclusions

Our results demonstrate that eugenol effects the expression of efflux pump and biofilm associated genes as well as inhibits biofilm formation in azole resistant isolates of A. fumigatus.
In vitro digestion and human gut microbiota fermentation of Bletilla striata polysaccharides and oligosaccharides
Authors: Wang Qiqi , Chen Huimin , Yin Mingzhu , Cheng Xue , Xia Hui , Hu Haiming , Zheng Junping , Zhang Zhigang , Liu Hongtao
Published: February 2023

Background

Bletilla striata is one of the commonly used traditional Chinese medicine. B. striata polysaccharides (BP) and oligosaccharides (BO) are one of the main components of B. striata, which have been proved to have a variety of biological activities. However, the digestion and fermentation characteristics of BP and BO are still unclear.

Methods

The study evaluated different prebiotic effects of BP and BO by in vitro simulating digestion and gut microbiota fermentation.

Results

The results show that the simulating saliva partly degraded BP, but had no effect on BO. The molecular weights of BP and BO remained basically unchanged in gastric and intestinal digestion. In addition, BP and BO could be rapidly degraded and utilized by gut microbiota. During in vitro fermentation, the growth rates of the BP and BO groups were higher than that of the Control group and the pH value and total carbohydrate content in BP group and BO group decreased significantly. Although the reducing sugar level in the BO group decreased rapidly, it remained at a low level in the BP group. Both BP and BO improved the composition and structure of gut microbiota, indicative of the upregulated abundances of Streptococcus and Veillonella, and the downregulated populations of Escherichia and Bacteroides. There were differences in the SCFA production by gut microbiota and antioxidant activities between the BP and BO groups. The fermentation broth of the BP group displayed a stronger suppression of O2-, but a higher scavenging effect on DPPH for the BO group.

Conclusions

BP and BO displayed different digestion and fermentation characteristics in vitro due to their distinct polymerization degrees. The study point towards the potential of BP and BO as prebiotics in the application to human diseases by selectively regulating gut microbiota in the future.
Value of baseline characteristics in the risk prediction of atrial fibrillation
Authors: He Jiacheng , Liu Sen , Yang Cuiwei , Wei Yong
Published: February 2023

Introduction

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is prone to heart failure and stroke. Early management can effectively reduce the stroke rate and mortality. Current clinical guidelines screen high-risk individuals based solely on age, while this study aims to explore the possibility of other AF risk predictors.

Methods

A total of 18,738 elderly people (aged over 60 years old) in Chinese communities were enrolled in this study. The baseline characteristics were mainly based on the diagnosis results of electrocardiogram (ECG) machine during follow up, accompanied by some auxiliary physical examination basic data. After the analysis of both independent and combined baseline characteristics, AF risk predictors were obtained and prioritized according to the results. Independent characteristics were studied from three aspects: Chi-square test, Mann–Whitney U test and Cox univariate regression analysis. Combined characteristics were studied from two aspects: machine learning models and Cox multivariate regression analysis, and the former was combined with recursive feature elimination method and voting decision.

Results

The resulted optimal combination of risk predictors included age, atrial premature beats, atrial flutter, left ventricular hypertrophy, hypertension and heart disease.

Conclusion

Patients diagnosed by short-time ECG machines with the occurrence of the above events had a higher probability of AF episodes, who are suggested to be included in the focus of long-term ECG monitoring or increased screening density. The incidence of risk predictors in different age ranges of AF patients suggests differences in age-specific patient management. This can help improve the detection rate of AF, standardize the management of patients, and slow down the progression of AF.
An integrated study of hormone-related sarcopenia for modeling and comparative transcriptome in rats
Authors: Shu Han , Huang Yubing , Zhang Wenqian , Ling Li , Hua Yuanyuan , Xiong Zhengai
Published: February 2023

Sarcopenia is a senile disease with high morbidity, serious complications and limited clinical treatments. Menopause increases the risk of sarcopenia in females, while the exact pathogenesis remains unclear. To systematically investigate the development of hormone-related sarcopenia, we established a model of sarcopenia by ovariectomy and recorded successive characteristic changes. Furthermore, we performed the transcriptome RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis on this model to explore the underlying mechanism. In our study, we identified an integrated model combining obesity, osteoporosis and sarcopenia. Functional enrichment analyses showed that most of the significantly enriched pathways were down-regulated and closely correlated with endocrine and metabolism, muscle dysfunction, cognitive impairment and multiple important signaling pathways. We finally selected eight candidate genes to verify their expression levels. These findings confirmed the importance of estrogen in the maintenance of skeletal muscle function and homeostasis, and provided potential targets for further study on hormone-related sarcopenia.
The use of modified TI-RADS using contrast-enhanced ultrasound features for classification purposes in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules: A prospective and multi-center study
Authors: Zhou Ping , Chen Feng , Zhou Peng , Xu Lifeng , Wang Lei , Wang Zhiyuan , Yu Yi , Liu Xueling , Wang Bin , Yan Wei , Zhou Heng , Tao Yichao , Liu Wengang
Published: February 2023

Objectives

To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of a modified thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TI-RADS) in combination with contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for differentiating between benign and malignant thyroid nodules and to assess inter-observer concordance between different observers.

Methods

This study included 3353 patients who underwent thyroid ultrasound (US) and CEUS in ten multi-centers between September 2018 and March 2020. Based on a modified TI-RADS classification using the CEUS enhancement pattern of thyroid lesions, ten radiologists analyzed all US and CEUS examinations independently and assigned a TI-RADS category to each thyroid nodule. Pathology was the reference standard for determining the diagnostic performance (accuracy (ACC), sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPN), positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV)) of the modified TI-RADS for predicting malignant thyroid nodules. The risk of malignancy was stratified for each TI-RADS category-based on the total number of benign and malignant lesions in that category. ROC curve was used to determine the cut-off value and the area under the curve (AUC). Cohen’s Kappa statistic was applied to assess the inter-observer agreement of each sonological feature and TI-RADS category for thyroid nodules.

Results

The calculated malignancy risk in the modified TI-RADS categories 5, 4b, 4a, 3 and 2 nodules was 95.4%, 86.0%, 12.0%, 4.1% and 0%, respectively. The malignancy risk for the five categories was in agreement with the suggested malignancy risk. The ROC curve showed that the AUC under the ROC curve was 0.936, and the cutoff value of the modified TI-RADS classification was >TI-RADS 4a, whose SEN, ACC, PPV, NPV and SPN were 93.6%, 91.9%, 90.4%, 93.7% and 88.5% respectively. The Kappa value for taller than wide, microcalcification, marked hypoechoic, solid composition, irregular margins and enhancement pattern of CEUS was 0.94, 0.93, 0.75, 0.89, 0.86 and 0.81, respectively. There was also good agreement between the observers with regards to the modified TI-RADS classification, the Kappa value was 0.80.

Conclusions

The actual risk of malignancy according to the modified TI-RADS concurred with the suggested risk of malignancy. Inter-observer agreement for the modified TI-RADS category was good, thus suggesting that this classification was very suitable for clinical application.
For small (1-3cm) nonfunctional adrenal incidentaloma (NFAI), which option is more appropriate for conservative treatment or surgery?
Authors: Li Xuwen , Xiao Song , Zhan Xiangpeng , Yu Yue , Zhang Cheng , Xi Haibo , Wang Gongxian , Zhou Xiaochen
Published: February 2023

Objective

To compare the efficacy and safety between conservative treatment and surgery for the patients with small (1-3cm) nonfunctional adrenal incidentaloma (NFAI).

Methods

The patients with small (1-3cm) NFAI who received conservative treatment or surgery in our hospital from November 2018 to December 2019 were retrospectively collected. A total of 83 patients were included in this study. They were divided into two groups according to the treatment methods: the surgery group (n=51) and the conservative treatment group (n=32).Then patients’ demographics, tumor characteristics, functional indicators and complications were compared. Statistical analysis was performed using t-test for continuous variables and Pearson chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables.

Results

At the time of diagnosis, after 3 months, after 6 months, after 12 months, and after 24 months, we found that there was no significant difference between the two groups in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, serum potassium levels, and hormone levels. 51 patients chose to have surgery, of which 41 patients chose RLA and 10 patients chose RARLA. RARLA group patients had the highest total cost and conservative treatment group patients had the lowest cost, and the difference was significant (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in tumor size in the conservative treatment group between at the time of diagnosis and after 24 months (P = 0.305).

Conclusion

Surgical treatment is more effective for 1-3cm NFAI, but conservative treatment is safer and more economical. Follow-up after conservative or surgical treatment is necessary.
Profile soil organic and inorganic carbon sequestration in maize cropland after long-term straw return
Authors: Xie Mengmeng , Zhang Tianyu , Liu Shasha , Liu Ziping , Wang Zhongqiang
Published: February 2023

Promoting cropland carbon (C) sequestration through straw return has always been the focus of numerous studies. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive understanding of the straw return effects on soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil inorganic carbon (SIC) sequestration. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the effects of long-term straw return on SOC and SIC sequestration across the 0–100 cm soil profile in the maize planting cropland in Northeastern China. The results showed an increasing trend in SOC contents in the 0–100 cm soil profile following long-term straw return, while significant decreases in SIC contents were observed in the surface (0–20 cm) and subsoil (20–60 cm) layers, respectively. In addition, the SOC stock increased significantly in the subsoil layer following long-term straw return, by an average value of 44%, which is higher than those observed in other soil layers. On the other hand, the SIC stock in the subsoil layer increased by an average value of 24% and decreased in the surface and under-subsoil layers by average values of 53% and 33%, respectively. Moreover, the exchangeable calcium contents were positively correlated with SOC and SIC stock, demonstrating the soil calcium contributes to SOC and SIC sequestration. The present study highlighted the importance of the subsoil layer for effective straw return strategies in cropland to promote SOC and SIC sequestration in croplands.