bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SAFOD Penetrates the San Andreas Fault
Authors: Zoback M. D.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.2.07.2006
New Developments in Long-Term Downhole Monitoring Arrays
Authors: Pevedel B. , Kück J.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.2.08.2006
IODP Expeditions 303 and 306 Monitor Miocene- Quaternary Climate in the North Atlantic
Authors: Channell J. E. T. , Sato T. , Kanamatsu T. , Stein R. , Malone M. , Alvarez-Zarikian C. ,   the IODP Expeditions 303 and 306 Scientists
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.2.01.2006
The Lake Petén Itzá Scientifi c Drilling Project
Authors: Hodell D. , Anselmetti F. , Brenner M. , Ariztegui D. , the PISDP Scientific Party
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.3.02.2006
Two Massive Hydraulic Tests Completed in Deep KTB Pilot Hole
Authors: Kümpel H.-J. , Erzinger J. , Shapiro S. A.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.3.05.2006
Drilling Vessel Chikyu: Status, Capabilities, and Current Operations
Authors: Curewitz D. , Kuramoto S. , Kawamura Y.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.3.12.2006
Mission Moho Workshop: Drilling Through the Oceanic Crust to the Mantle
Authors: Ildefonse B. , Christie D. M. , the Mission Moho Workshop Steering Committee
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.4.02.2007
The Wunstorf Drilling Project: Coring a Global Stratigraphic Reference Section of the Oceanic Anoxic Event 2
Authors: Erbacher J. , Mutterlose J. , Wilmsen M. , Wonik T. , the Wunstorf Drilling Scientific Party
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.4.05.2007
Progress Report on the Iceland Deep Drilling Project (IDDP)
Authors: Fridleifsson G. O. , Elders W. A.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.4.04.2007
Joint Data Management on ICDP Projects and IODP Mission Specific Platform Expeditions
Authors: Conze R. , Wallrabe-Adams H.-J. , Graham C. , Krysiak F.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.4.07.2007
Scientific Ocean Drilling Behind the Assessment of Geo-Hazards from Submarine Slides
Authors: Camerlenghi A. , Urgeles R. , Ercilla G. , Brückmann W.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.4.14.2007
The Campi Flegrei Deep Drilling Project
Authors: De Natale G. , Troise C. , Sacchi M.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.4.15.2007
Directional Drilling and Stimulation of a Deep Sedimentary Geothermal Reservoir
Authors: Huenges E. , Moeck I. , the Geothermal Project Group
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.22 04/iodp.sd.5.08.2007
Contribution of Borehole Digital Imagery in Core-Log-Seismic Integration
Authors: Gaillot P. , Brewer T. , Pezard P. , yeh E.-C.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.22 04/iodp.sd.5.07.2007
InnovaRig – The New Scientific Land Drilling Facility
Authors: Wohlgemuth L. , Harms U. , Binder J.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.22 04/iodp.sd.5.12.2007
The COral-REef Front (COREF) Project
Authors: Iryu Y. , Matsuda H. , Machiyama H. , Piller W. E. , Quinn T. M. , Mutti M.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.22 04/iodp.sd.5.13.2007
Investigating Large Igneous Province Formation and Associated Paleoenvironmental Events: A White Paper for Scientific Drilling
Authors: Neal C. R. , Coffin M. F. , Arndt N. T. , Duncan R. A. , Eldholm O. , Erba E. , Farnetani C. , Fitton J. F. , Ingle S. P. , Ohkouchi N. , Rampino M. R. , Reichow M. K. , Self S. , Tatsumi Y.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.6.01.2008
Estimation of Minimum Principal Stress from an Extended Leak-off Test Onboard the Chikyu Drilling Vessel and Suggestions for Future Test Procedures
Authors: Lin W. , Yamamoto K. , Ito H. , Masago H. , Kawamura Y.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.6.06.2008
Addressing Geohazards Through Ocean Drilling
Authors: Morgan J. K. , Silver E. , Camerlenghi A. , Dugan B. , Kirby S. , Shipp C. , Suyehiro K.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.7.01.2009
New Focus on the Tales of the Earth – Legacy Cores Redistribution Project Completed
Authors: Firth J. , Gupta L. , Röhl U.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.7.03.2009
Clues of Early Life: Dixon Island–Cleaverville Drilling Project (DXCL-DP) in the Pilbara Craton of Western Australia
Authors: Yamaguchi K. E. , Kiyokawa S. , Ito T. , Ikehara M. , Kitajima F. , Suganuma Y.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.7.04.2009
Deep Drilling into a Mantle Plume Volcano: The Hawaii Scientific Drilling Project
Authors: Stolper E. M. , DePaolo D. J. , Thomas D. M.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.7.02.2009
New Seismic Methods to Support Sea-Ice Platform Drilling
Authors: Speece M. A. , Levy R. H. , Harwood D. M. , Pekar S. F. , Powell R. D.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.7.06.2009
Wireline Coring and Analysis under Pressure: Recent Use and Future Developments of the HYACINTH System
Authors: Schultheiss P. , Holland M. , Humphrey G.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.7.07.2009
Scientific Collaboration on Past Speciation Conditions in Lake Ohrid–SCOPSCO Workshop Report
Authors: Wagner B. , Wilke T. , Krastel-Gudegast S. , Grazhdani A. , Reicherter K. , Trajanovski S. , Zanchetta G.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.7.08.2009
The Magma-Hydrothermal System at Mutnovsky Volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia
Authors: Eichelberger J. , Kiryukhin A. , Simon A.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.7.09.2009
Drilling for the Archean Roots of Life and Tectonic Earth in the Barberton Mountains
Authors: Grosch E. G. , McLoughlin N. , de Wit M. , Furnes H.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.8.03.2009
The Laguna Potrok Aike Scientific Drilling Project PASADO (ICDP Expedition 5022)
Authors: Zolitschka B. , Anselmetti F. , Ariztegui D. , Corbella H. , Francus P. , Ohlendorf C. , Schäbitz F. ,   the PASADO Scientific Drilling Team
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.8.04.2009
NanTroSEIZE Stage 1 Expeditions 314, 315, and 316: First Drilling Program of the Nankai Trough Seismogenic Zone Experiment
Authors: Tobin H. , Kinoshita M. , Ashi J. , Lallemant S. , Kimura G. , Screaton E. , Kywa Thu M. , Masago H. , Curewitz D. ,   IODP Expeditions 314/315/316 Scientific Party
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.8.01.2009
Deep Fault Drilling Project – Alpine Fault, New Zealand
Authors: Townend j. , Sutherland R. , Toy V.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.8.12.2009
The Pacific Equatorial Age Transect, IODP Expeditions 320 and 321: Building a 50-Million-Year-Long Environmental Record of the Equatorial Pacific Ocean
Authors: Lyle M. , Pälike H. , Nishi H. , Raffi I. , Gamage K. , Klaus A. ,   the IODP Expeditions 320/321 Scientific Party
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.9.01.2010
Arctic Ocean Scientific Drilling: The Next Frontier
Authors: Coakley B. , Stein R.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.9.09.2010
Workshop on Pliocene Climate
Authors: Etourneau J. , Khélifi N.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.9.11.2010
Drilling Challenge for the NanTro Fault Zone Drilling by Chikyu
Authors: Higuchi K. , Kobayashi S.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.s01.37.2007
Core Handling and Real-Time Non-Destructive Characterization at the Kochi Core Center: An Example of Core Analysis from the Chelungpu Fault
Authors: Lin W. , Hirono T. , Yeh E.-C. , Tanikawa W. , Soh W.
Published: March 2014

As an example of core analysis carried out inactive fault drilling programs, we report the procedures of core handling on the drilling site and non-destructive characterization in the laboratory. This analysis was employed onthe core samples taken from HoleBof the Taiwan Chelungpu-fault Drilling Project (TCDP), which penetrated through the active fault that slipped during the 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan earthquake. We show results of the non-destructive physical property measurements carried out at the Kochi Core Center (KCC), Japan. Distinct anomalies of lower bulk density and higher magnetic susceptibilitywere recognized in all three fault zones encountered in HoleB. To keep the core samples in good condition before they are used for variousanalyses is crucial. In addition, careful planning for core handlingand core analyses is necessary for successfulinvestigations.

 doi::10.2204/iodp.sd.s01.35.2007
Long-term Monitoring in Deep Boreholes in the Nankai Subduction Zone
Authors: Ito H.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.s01.43.2007
Structure and Properties of the San Andreas Fault in Central California: Recent Results from the SAFOD Experiment
Authors: Hickman S. , Zoback M. , Ellsworth W. , Boness N. , Malin P. , Roecker S. , Thurber C.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.s01.39.2007
The Corinth Rift Laboratory or an in situ Investigation on Interactions between Fluids and Active Faults
Authors: Cornet F. H.
Published: March 2014

Earthquakes result from the sudden acceleration of a preliminary long-term slow deformation process. The objective of the Corinth Rift Laboratory (CRL) is to investigate in situ this quasistatic deformation process and mechanisms leading to a sudden catastrophic acceleration. Of particular interest is the characterization of the structure of the deforming zones and of the progressive localization of deformation. Special attention is given to the role of fluids but also on the influence of faults on regional fluid flow

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.s01.20.2007
The IODP Nankai Trough Seismogenic Zone Experiment
Authors: Tobin H. , Kinoshita M.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.s01.30.2007
Generation Depth of the Pseudotachylyte from an Out-of-Sequence Thrust in Accretionary Prism – Geothermobarometric Evidence
Authors: Okamoto S. , Kimura G. , Yamaguchi A. , Yamaguchi H. , Kusuba Y.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.s01.41.2007
Drilling the Seismogenic Zone of an Erosional Convergent Margin: IODP Costa Rica Seismogenesis Project CRISP
Authors: Ranero C. R. , Vannucchi P. , von Huene P. , the CRISP proponents
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.s01.29.2007
Subsurface Structure, Fault Zone Characteristicsand Stress State in Scientific Drill Holes of Taiwan Chelungpu Fault Drilling Project
Authors: Hung J.-H. , Ma K.-F. , Wang C.-Y. , Song S.-R. , Ito H. , Lin W. , Yeh E.-C.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.s01.27.2007
Electron Microscopy of Clay Minerals in Mudrocks from the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD)
Authors: Schleicher A. M. , van der Pluijm B. A. , Warr L. N. , Solum J. G.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.s01.33.2007
Low-Velocity Damage Zone on the San Andreas Fault at Depth near SAFOD Site at Parkfield Delineated by Fault-Zone Trapped Waves
Authors: Li Y.-G. , Malin P. E. , Vidal J. E.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.s01.09.2007
Dynamics of Earthquake Faulting in Subduction Zones: Inference from Pseudotachylytes and Ultracataclasites in an Ancient Accretionary Complex
Authors: Ujiie K.
Published: March 2014

The fault rocks in ancient accretionary complexes exhumed from seismogenic depths may provide an invaluable opportunity to examine the mechanisms and mechanics of seismic slip in subduction thrusts and splay faults. In order to understand the dynamics of earthquake faulting in subduction zones, we analyzed pseudotachylytes and ultracataclasites from the Shimanto accretionary complex in southwest Japan.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.s01.21.2007
The Coseismic Fault Weakening Processes Inferred from Frictional and Transport Properties of Fault Rocks, TCDP
Authors: Sone H. , Noda H. , Shimamoto T.
Published: March 2014

No abstract available.

 doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.s01.06.2007
Genotype frequencies of polymorphic MDR1 variants in the Kazakhstani population
Authors: Kozhakhmetov Samat , Supiyev Adil , Kushugulova Almagul , Tynybayeva Indira , Kossumov Alibek , Utepova Leila , Saduakhasova Saule , Shakhabayeva Gulnara , Nurgozhin Talgat , Zhumadilov Zhaxybay
Published: March 2014

Introduction: Statins appear to be handled by an ATP-dependent membrane transporter and three SNPs (C1236T (rs1128503), G2677T (rs2032582), and C3435T (rs1045642), which capture the common genetic variation at this locus. Individuals, who carry the T allele at each SNP (i.e., the T-T-T haplotype), have higher systemic exposure to simvastatin.A triallelic thymine (T) - guanine (G) - adenine (A), which is  a point mutation at nucleotide 2677 in exon 22, leads to ABCB1 in a non-synonymous codons (GCT alanine, TCT serine, threonine ACT) at position 893 in a cytoplasmic loop of ATP-dependent membrane transporters.Methods: Blood samples from healthy individuals were collected in the Republican Diagnostic Center, Astana, Kazakhstan. The research samples included 461 healthy people. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood using the ‘salting out’ procedure. For the MDR1 exon 21, 2677G˃T/A (Ala893Ser/Thr) polymorphism was genotyped by PCR sequencing by the use of dye-terminator (ABI 3730xl sequencer). Results: The GG allele appeared in 23% of samples, the GA in 6.7%, the GT in 44%, the non-G heterozygote in 4.5%, and the non-G homozygote in 18%. These results are consistent with previously published data. Importantly, the frequency of 2677T alleles in our group was 15.4%. This represents the lowest frequency of this allele compared to published data in different populations. The frequency of the 2677T allele in Asians and Caucasians varies from 38 to 62%, and is 15% for African Americans. On the other hand, the 2677A allele frequency in the Japanese varies from 15 to 22%, and in Caucasians from 2% and 4%. The 2677A allele frequency has been found in 4.6% of samples. Conclusions: Our study further emphasizes differences between various Asian populations and the importance of repeating this genetic study  in different ethnic groups.
Influence of Probiotic Consortium on TH1 and TH2 Immune Response
Authors: Shakhabayeva Gulnara , Kushugulova Almagul , Saduakhasova Saule , Kozhakhmetov Samat , Khasenbekova Zhanagul , Tynybayeva Indira , Nurgozhin Talgat , Zhumadilov Zhaxybay
Published: March 2014

Introduction: The main role of probiotics is to maintain homeostasis in the intestines and improve bowel protective function. The aim of the present study is to investigate immuno-modulatory effects of a probiotic consortium.Methods: Observations were carried out in vitro. The presence of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IgA, IgM, and IgE was studied using a solid-phase enzyme immunosorbent assay on the VECTOR-BEST sets (Russia).Results: Immunomodulatory properties of the probiotic consortium were studied, which consisted of the following strains: Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium longum, and Bifidobacterium bifidum. Elevated concentrations of INFγ in control samples decreased 3.9 times (p < 0.05) after a saturation of blood with the probiotic consortium. Significant reduction of cytokine levels after the probiotic effects of the consortium was observed in IL-10 by 2.1 times (p < 0.05) and IgA by 1.87 times (p < 0.0005). There was a significant increase in the levels of IL-4, IgE, IL-6, and IL-8 by 1.3 (p < 0.005), 1.1 (p < 0.5), 18.0 (p < 0.005), and 6 (p < 0.05) times, respectively, in comparison with the control samples. IL-4 and INFγ have different effects on the synthesis of IgE. Soluble low affinity receptors FcεRII (CD23) in association with IL-4 facilitate a differentiation of the B-lymphocytes in IgE-synthesizing cells, while γ-INF inhibits this process. It is known that the intracellular expression of γ-INF and IL-4 is the most reliable marker for Th1 and Th2 immune responses, respectively. The conducted studies determined that the ratio of INF-γ/IL-4 was 0.9 (control 4.8, P < 0.005) after the saturation of the blood cells with probiotic consortium. NF-γ/IL4 ratio decreased by 5.3 times compared with a control value, which indicates a reduction in the functional activity of Th1 type lymphocytes in comparison with the function of Th2 cells.Conclusion: The application of the probiotic consortium results in the maintenance of homeostasis by the stimulation of immune function through the activation of humoral immunity. Moreover, the probiotic application changes the orientation of the immunological memory causing the cancellation of the recruitment of Th1 cells in the response.
The interaction of spatial planning and transport policy: A regional perspective on sprawl
Authors: Kulmer Veronika , Koland Olivia , Steininger Karl W , Fürst Bernhard , Käfer Andreas
Published: March 2014

Urban sprawl is caused by the interlinkage of spatial planning and transport characteristics. However, there are only a few approaches that quantify the cross-impacts of policy options in these two spheres. The purpose of this paper is thus a combined regional analysis of spatial planning instruments and transport policy, with a special emphasis on urban–rural diversities. We link a multi-region computable general equilibrium model that incorporates elements of the new economic geography with a transport forecast model. The general equilibrium model illustrates residential choice between urban and peripheral regions, while the transport model depicts the transport implications thereof. Our results suggest that transport policy is obviously effective in addressing transport externalities, while it would have to be set at a politically infeasible stringency to have an effect on residential patterns. As for spatial planning instruments (i.e., expanding housing supply in central regions or limiting it in peripheral regions), we find a strong potential to influence residential choice and hence urban sprawl. Along this line, spatial planning instruments do have a small but still significant impact on reducing transport volume and number of trips. This impact can be enhanced by a policy promoting public transport
Nietzsche as Kant's True Heir?
Authors: Louden Robert B.
Published: March 2014

In this short article, I present several challenges to Maudemarie Clark and David Dudrick's bold claim that one of Nietzsche's main goals in Beyond Good and Evil is to establish himself as “Kant's true heir.” First, I critique their argument that the prefaces to the Critique of Pure Reason and BGE bear a “striking similarity” to each other. Second, I try to refute their claim that Nietzsche in BGE 11 is “positioning himself … as the true successor to Kant.” Nietzsche does not exhibit the positive interest in the a priori that one expects from even the most minimal Kantian, and his norms are hardly Kant's. Finally, in my conclusion, I draw some qualified connections between Nietzsche's normative project and a more naturalistic option within the history of philosophy—namely, American pragmatism.
A quasi-experimental study to test a prevention bundle for catheter-associated urinary tract infections
Authors: Blanck Alyson M. , Donahue Moreen , Brentlinger Laurie , Dixon Stinger Kristy , Polito Carol
Published: March 2014

The purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to test the use of a bundled approach of catheter care practices for a 3-month period to reduce the occurrence of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) in adult critical care patients who had indwelling urinary catheters. Catheter care is completed primarily by nursing staff, however minimal studies exist in the literature that support specific nursing care to reduce the occurrence of CAUTIs. Catheter care practices were investigated and implemented in a bundled approach to determine the impact on reducing CAUTIs in a critical care unit. Though the results were not statistically significant, they were clinically significant with a 50% reduction in CAUTI incidence.
Porosty z rodzaju Porpidia Körb. występujące w Polsce [The lichen genus Porpidia Körb. in Poland]
Authors: Jabłońska Agnieszka
Published: March 2014

For this revision of Porpidia species from Poland, 1400 specimens from public and private Polish herbaria, as well as other major European herbaria, were examined. The taxonomy, chemistry, habitat requirements and distribution of Porpidia albocaerulescens, P. cinereoatra, P. contraponenda, P. crustulata, P. flavocruenta, P. grisea, P. macrocarpa, P. melinodes, P. nigrocruenta, P. soredizodes, P. speirea, P. superba, P. thomsonii, P. tuberculosa and P. zeoroides in Poland are presented. Porpidia thomsonii is reported as new to Poland and Central Europe. New records of P. contraponenda very rare species in Poland, are given. The occurrence of P. flavicunda, P. hydrophila, P. rugosa and P. trullisata has not been confirmed during this study, therefore their status remain unknown. The lichenicolous fungi, Endococcus propinquus, E. aff. propinquus and Muellerella pygmaea on Porpidia were also noted during this study. As a result of examination of extensive reference material P. macrocarpa is recorded for the first time for Bulgaria and Ecuador, P. speirea − for Bulgaria, and P. soredizodes − for Ecuador and Mexico. A key to taxa in Poland, including those with unconfirmed occurrence there, is provided.
Szata roślinna obszaru ochrony siedlisk i gatunków Natura 2000 Pakosław − współczesne przemiany i problemy ochrony [Recent changes of plant cover on special area of conservation Natura 2000 Pakoslaw (Central Poland)]
Authors: Olaczek Romuald , Kurzac Maria
Published: March 2014

Special area of conservation of the Natura 2000 Pakoslaw includes peat bog (about 400 ha) and forest fragment on a neighboring hill nature reserve (28.55 ha). There are 4 species of plants: Adenophora liliifolia, Ligularia sibirica, Liparis loeselii, Ostericum palustre and several types of natural habitats, among others: wet meadows, transitional peat-bog, thermophilous oak forest, which requires the protection of the European Union Habitats Directive. In the peat bog flora, numbering 296 species, are present glacial relicts. The aim of study was to investigate the current status of flora and vegetation and the direction and pace of change as the basis for the active protection. This paper describes the geological, hydrological and anthropogenic environmental factors and their impact on the flora and plant communities. Particular attention was paid to accelerate the process of secondary and progressive ecological succession during the last 50 years, resulting in displacement of grasses and sedges communities willow thickets and later by alder swamp forest. Species and natural habitats of the site are threatened and need to improve their conservation status.
Attitudes toward online sexual activities
Authors: Byers E. Sandra , Shaughnessy Krystelle
Published: March 2014

The goal of this study was to extend our understanding of attitudes toward three types of online sexual activity (OSA) among both students and members of the community: non-arousal OSA (N-OSA), solitary-arousal OSA (S-OSA), and partnered-arousal OSA (P-OSA). In Study 1, 81 male and 140 female undergraduate students completed a paper and pencil survey. In Study 2, an age and sexually diverse group of 137 men and 188 women recruited from the Internet completed an online survey. The results from the two studies were more similar than different. Attitudes toward the three types of activities were neutral to slightly positive on average. The three types of attitudes were significantly related but also distinct. The men’s attitudes toward S-OSA and P-OSA were more positive than were the women’s; the men and women did not differ in their attitudes toward N-OSA. Sexual minority individuals had more positive OSA attitudes overall. Individuals who were less traditional tended to have more positive attitudes. These results are discussed in terms of the growing acceptance of online sexuality.
Bringing sexy back: Reclaiming the body aesthetic via self-shooting
Authors: Tiidenberg Katrin
Published: March 2014

This paper is based on visual narrative analysis of cyber-ethnographic material from a 2.5 year field-research with ‘not safe for work’ [NSFW] bloggers and self-shooters on tumblr.com. I use Koskela’s concept of ‘empowering exhibitionism’, Waskul’s ‘erotic looking glass’, and Foucault’s ‘technologies of the self’ to analyze self-shooting (taking photos of one-self). Constricting societal norms of sexuality, body shape and body practices influence how my participants (N=20, 10 female, 9 male, 1 transgender, ages 21 - 51, average age 34) live their embodied and sexual lives. Through self-shooting and by negotiating the community specific issues of control, power and the gaze, they are able to construct a new, empowered, embodied identity for themselves.I look at self-shooting and selfie-blogging as a practice of reclaiming control over one’s embodied self AND over the body-aesthetic, thus appropriating what is and is not ‘sexy’. The NSFW self-shooting community offers a safe space otherwise so hard to find within the body/sexuality-normative mainstream culture. This makes self-shooting a collective therapeutic activity. In their self-images participants construct themselves as ‘beautiful’, ‘sexy’, ‘devious’, ‘more than just a mother and an employee’ and as someone who ‘likes their body instead of trying to not hate it’. The technologies of the self activated through diaristic blogging and selfie sharing, along with the empowerment from interactions with peers take bloggers on a path of sexual awakening and reintroduce them to their own bodies.
Adolescent girls’ and boys’ well-being in relation to online and offline sexual and romantic activity
Authors: Sorbring Emma , Skoog Therése , Bohlin Margareta
Published: March 2014

The aims of this study were to determine links between adolescent’s well-being and their sexual and romantic activities off- and online. The study includes 245 mid-adolescents (15 years of age; 55 % girls) and 251 late-adolescents (18 years of age; 49 % girls). Of the 496 teenagers, 54 % had experiences of both online and offline sexual and romantic activities, while the remaining (46 %) had only offline experiences.Teenagers’ experiences with online sexual/romantic activities were associated with experiences of offline sexual/romantic activities. Multiple regressions showed that age (older) and risk behaviour contributed to higher engagement in offline sexual/romantic activities. In contrast, only higher risk behaviour contributed to higher engagement in online sexual/romantic activities for boys, but for girl several factors, such as age (younger), lower body esteem, higher risk- and problem behaviour contributed to higher engagement in online sexual/romantic activities. We discuss this result from a gender perspective.
Receiving online sexual requests and producing online sexual images: The multifaceted and dialogic nature of adolescents' online sexual interactions
Authors: Kerstens Joyce , Stol Wouter
Published: March 2014

This article describes the prevalence of receiving online sexual requests and producing online sexual images among adolescents, thereby focusing on the differences between problematic and non-problematic incidences. Data was used from a national survey conducted in 2011 among 4453 Dutch adolescents (51.2 % male), aged from 11 to 18 (M = 13.9, SD = 1.48). Results indicated that receiving sexual requests is quite common and that producing sexual images is relatively rare. From adolescents’ perspective most of the incidences were non-problematic. Negative experiences were more likely to occur when adolescents interacted with people they did not know and when an intrinsic motivation for engaging in sexual interaction was missing. There was a strong relation between bothersome experiences and being cyberbullied. Adolescents with a higher level of online disinhibition and with low self-control were more likely to engage in both sexual communications as well as in sexting. Identifying which incident characteristics and characteristics of adolescents are related to problematic online sexual interactions is a prerequisite to design more personalized tools for vulnerable adolescents.
Consensual sexting among adolescents: Risk prevention through abstinence education or safer sexting?
Authors: Döring Nicola
Published: March 2014

Sexting – that is, the private exchange of self-produced sexual images via cell phone or the internet – has been widely discussed in public and academic discourses as a new high-risk behavior among youths (especially girls) that should be prevented through better education about the various and severe risks it poses. This paper summarizes existing data on sexting prevalence (17 studies), which reveal that sexting is much more common among adults than among youths, with increasing prevalence among adolescents as they grow older. The paper then looks at the current state of sexting research by reviewing all 50 sexting papers in the PsycINFO and PubMed databases published between 2009 and 2013 regarding their coverage of the risks and/or opportunities associated with sexting. Most of the papers (79%) address adolescent sexting as risky behavior and link it to sexual objectification and violence, to risky sexual behavior, and to negative consequences like bullying by peers and criminal prosecution under child pornography laws. In opposition to this deviance discourse, a normalcy discourse is appearing in the literature that interprets sexting as normal intimate communication within romantic and sexual relationships, both among adults and adolescents who are exploring and growing into adult relationships. Next, the paper analyzes the sexting risk prevention messages of 10 online educational campaigns. Such campaigns typically rely on scare scenarios, emphasize the risk of bullying and criminal prosecution, engage in female victim blaming, and recommend complete abstinence from sexting. The paper closes by questioning the abstinence approach in sexting education, and makes suggestions on how to move towards an evidence-based approach to sexting risk prevention that acknowledges both adolescents' vulnerability and sexual agency.
The Effectiveness of Foreign Exchange Market Intervention: A Review of Post-2001 Studies on Japan
Authors: Takagi Shinji
Published: March 2014

Post-2001 studies on Japanese official intervention, though divergent in results, generally support the effectiveness of daily intervention in influencing yen-dollar exchange rate returns. Studies are less conclusive about the impact on volatility. Any impact of intervention appears to be short-lived and a reversal of the initial impact to occur on subsequent days, suggesting market microstructure as the primary channel: intervention acts like any other information and works through order flows. The overriding message of the literature is that the impact of intervention depends on the conditions under which it takes place. Each intervention is thus a unique event. This explains why econometric tests of the average impact of intervention yield mixed results.
Very Late Onset Multiple Sclerosis associated with Restless Legs Syndrome. A case report
Authors: Righini Isabella , Pasquali Livia , Calabrese Ilaria , Iudice Alfonso
Published: March 2014

We report the case of a 83-year-old woman suffering from Restless Legs Syndrome since 2002 and Multiple Sclerosis since 2007. She had been diagnosed as Restless Legs Syndrome five years before multiple sclerosis, with the support of a polysomnographic examination. The clinical diagnosis of multiple sclerosis took place at the age of 75, when she complained of walking difficulties and abnormal sensitivity in lower limbs, especially in the evening. Associated symptoms included dysesthesias on the left leg and arm and left emitrunk, visual acuity reduction, blurred vision and fatigue. The brain magnetic resonance showed multiple lesions in white matter, inconsistent with a vascular disease but suggestive for a demyelinating disease. She was admitted at the hospital, where the spinal fluid examination and a second magnetic resonance confirmed the diagnosis. Since that, the patient regularly performed medical examinations and magnetic resonance controls which didn't show any increase of lesions burden nor pathological enhancement, but a slow worsening of ambulation. Due to the patient’s age, a disease modifying therapy for multiple sclerosis was not established, the only drugs being represented by symptomatic agents.
Factors Associated with Health-Related Quality of Life Among Older People with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Buhse Marijean , Banker Wendy M. , Clement Lynn M.
Published: March 2014

Background: This study was conducted to determine which factors (clinical and demographic) are associated with mental and physical health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among people with multiple sclerosis (MS) aged 60 years and older.

Methods: Data were collected at four MS centers on Long Island, New York, from a total of 211 patients. Three surveys were administered that collected demographic information and included validated questionnaires measuring quality of life (QOL), cognition, depression, and disability. Multivariate linear regression analyses examined the relationship between patient demographics and scores on standardized scales measuring mental and physical HRQOL (Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life–54). Variables included in the regression models were selected on the basis of the Andersen Healthcare Utilization model. This framework encompasses the multiple influences on health status, including predisposing characteristics, enabling resources, need, and health behavior.

Results: We found that mental HRQOL was negatively associated with having a high school education or less, risk of neurologic impairment, physical disability, and depression. No variables were positively associated with mental HRQOL. Physical HRQOL was negatively associated with risk of neurologic impairment, physical disability, depression, and the comorbidity of thyroid disease. However, patient employment and, surprisingly, being widowed were positively associated with physical HRQOL. These findings are consistent with those of similar studies among younger patients in which lower HRQOL was associated with increased disability, depression, risk of neurologic impairment, and lower levels of education.

Conclusions: The findings that patient employment and being widowed were associated with better physical HRQOL suggest that older patients have the ability to adapt and adjust to the challenges of MS over time. Clinicians should regularly screen for HRQOL in older patients with MS.
Evolution of insect olfactory receptors
Authors: Missbach Christine , Dweck Hany KM , Vogel Heiko , Vilcinskas Andreas , Stensmyr Marcus C , Hansson Bill S , Grosse-Wilde Ewald
Published: March 2014

The olfactory sense detects a plethora of behaviorally relevant odor molecules; gene families involved in olfaction exhibit high diversity in different animal phyla. Insects detect volatile molecules using olfactory (OR) or ionotropic receptors (IR) and in some cases gustatory receptors (GRs). While IRs are expressed in olfactory organs across Protostomia, ORs have been hypothesized to be an adaptation to a terrestrial insect lifestyle. We investigated the olfactory system of the primary wingless bristletail Lepismachilis y-signata (Archaeognatha), the firebrat Thermobia domestica (Zygentoma) and the neopteran leaf insect Phyllium siccifolium (Phasmatodea). ORs and the olfactory coreceptor (Orco) are with very high probability lacking in Lepismachilis; in Thermobia we have identified three Orco candidates, and in Phyllium a fully developed OR/Orco-based system. We suggest that ORs did not arise as an adaptation to a terrestrial lifestyle, but evolved later in insect evolution, with Orco being present before the appearance of ORs.
Wide-range temperature dependences of Brillouin scattering properties in polymer optical fiber
Authors: Minakawa Kazunari , Hayashi Neisei , Shinohara Yuri , Tahara Masaki , Hosoda Hideki , Mizuno Yosuke , Nakamura Kentaro
Published: March 2014

We investigate the temperature dependences of the Brillouin scattering properties in a perfluorinated graded-index (PFGI-) polymer optical fiber (POF) in a wide temperature range from −160 to 125 °C. The temperature dependences of the Brillouin frequency shift, linewidth, and Stokes power are almost linear at lower temperature down to −160 °C; while they show nonlinear dependences at higher temperature. These behaviors appear to originate from the partial glass transition of the polymer material.
Experimental study of three-dimensional fin-channel charge trapping flash memories with titanium nitride and polycrystalline silicon gates
Authors: Liu Yongxun , Matsukawa Takashi , Endo Kazuhiko , O’uchi Shinichi , Tsukada Junichi , Yamauchi Hiromi , Ishikawa Yuki , Mizubayashi Wataru , Morita Yukinori , Migita Shinji , Ota Hiroyuki , Masahara Meishoku
Published: March 2014

Three-dimensional (3D) fin-channel charge trapping (CT) flash memories with different gate materials of physical-vapor-deposited (PVD) titanium nitride (TiN) and n+-polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) have successfully been fabricated by using (100)-oriented silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafers and orientation-dependent wet etching. Electrical characteristics of the fabricated flash memories including statistical threshold voltage (V
t) variability, endurance, and data retention have been comparatively investigated. It was experimentally found that a larger memory window and a deeper erase are obtained in PVD-TiN-gated metal–oxide–nitride–oxide–silicon (MONOS)-type flash memories than in poly-Si-gated poly-Si–oxide–nitride–oxide–silicon (SONOS)-type memories. The larger memory window and deeper erase of MONOS-type flash memories are contributed by the higher work function of the PVD-TiN metal gate than of the n+-poly-Si gate, which is effective for suppressing electron back tunneling during erase operation. It was also found that the initial V
t roll-off due to the short-channel effect (SCE) is directly related to the memory window roll-off when the gate length (L
g) is scaled down to 46 nm or less.
Effect of the H2 plasma treatment of a seed layer on the synthesis of ZnO nanorods using a microwave hydrothermal method
Authors: Koo Horng-Show , Lin Ching-Cheng , Chen Yao-Ju , Peng Cheng-Hsiung , Chen Mi
Published: March 2014

The effect of H2 plasma treatment of a seed layer on the synthesis and characterization of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods is determined. Using an Al-doped ZnO (AZO) thin film as a seed layer, well-aligned ZnO nanorods are rapidly grown on an indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass substrate using a microwave hydrothermal method. The deposited AZO substrate was previously treated with H2 plasma. The effect of H2 plasma treatment of the seed layer on the alignment, growth rate, and crystallinity of the ZnO nanorods is determined. It is shown that the alignment and growth rate of the ZnO nanorods depend on the characteristics and roughness of the seed layer, which are improved by H2 plasma treatment. Various characterization methods such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), cathodoluminescence (CL), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) are used to determine the characteristic quality of the ZnO nanorods. A fundamental model of the effect of H2 plasma treatment on the seed layer and ZnO growth using a microwave hydrothermal process is also presented.
Student Embargoes within Institutional Repositories: Faculty Early Transparency Concerns
Authors: Stern David
Published: March 2014

Libraries encourage students to utilize Institutional Repositories (IRs) to house e-portfolios that demonstrate their skills and experiences. This is especially important for students when applying for jobs and admission into graduate schools. However, within the academic sphere there are legitimate reasons why some faculty-student collaboration efforts should not be documented and openly shared in institutional repositories. The need for the protection of ideas and processes prior to faculty publication can be in direct conflict with the intention for institutional repositories to promote the excellent efforts of students. This is certainly true in laboratory situations where details of experiments and research areas are guarded for the lifetime of the exploration process. Librarians must work with others to develop guidelines and educational programs that prepare all stakeholders for these new information release considerations. One outcome of such deliberations could be the development of mutually beneficial publication guidelines which protect sensitive details of research yet allow students to submit selective research documentation into an IR. The other extreme, with no agreed upon partial embargo scenarios, could result in the removal of students from sensitive collaborations. Given the need for scientific laboratories to utilize student workers, and the benefit of real research experiences for students, the academy must find a balanced solution to this inherent conflict situation.
Mental Health Courts, Court Diversion, and Canada's Obligations under the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
Authors: Ferrazzi Priscilla , Krupa Terry , Lysaght Rosemary
Published: March 2014

The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) is often recognized as emphasizing a “universalist” approach to difference that discourages the identification and segregation of particular groups based on their characteristics. This emphasis raises questions about Canada's Mental Health Courts (MHCs) and court-diversion programs that identify and respond to people with mental disabilities as a group and can be seen to reflect a “minority rights” approach to the accommodation of difference. These questions need to be addressed to ensure that Canada complies with its international obligations under the CRPD.
T-ACE and predictors of self-reported alcohol use during pregnancy in a large, population-based urban cohort
Authors: Hicks Matthew , Tough Suzanne C. , Johnston David , Siever Jodi , Clarke Margaret , Sauve Reg , Brant Rollin , Lyon Andrew W.
Published: March 2014

Hicks, M., Tough, S., Johnston, D., Siever, J., Clarke, M., Sauve, R., Brant, R., & Lyon, A. (2014). T-ACE and predictors of self-reported alcohol use during pregnancy in a large, population-based urban cohort. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 3(1), 51-61. doi:10.7895/ijadr.v3i1.117Aims: To determine 1) the relationship between T-ACE score and maternal self-reported alcohol use prior to and during pregnancy, and 2) the relationship between T-ACE score and maternal demographics, mental health and life circumstances.Design: Prospective, population-based cohort study.Setting: Three urban maternity clinics in Calgary, Canada.Participants: 1,929 pregnant women attended by family physicians at low-risk maternity clinics.Measures: Women completed three standardized questionnaires over the telephone in the first and third trimesters and eight weeks post-delivery, including the T-ACE and questions about drug and alcohol use, demographics, mental health and life circumstances.Findings: 43.6% of subjects had a positive T-ACE score at intake (score 2 or greater). A positive T-ACE score was predictive of alcohol use throughout pregnancy, although most women reported no alcohol after the first trimester (93.1%). Multivariate analysis indicated that a positive T-ACE score was significantly associated with being less than 30 years of age; being Caucasian; smoking during pregnancy; having an income of less than $80,000 per annum; having a history of depression; having a history of alcohol use and binge drinking during a previous pregnancy; lower social support; and poor network orientation.Conclusions: There was a positive association between the T-ACE score and maternal self-report of alcohol use, poor mental health and poor social support. Routine use of the T-ACE to assess for risk of an alcohol-exposed pregnancy may also help identify women with complex needs who could benefit from additional prenatal support.
Prevalence of smoking during pregnancy in the Republic of the Congo: Maternal smoking is associated with increased risk of prenatal alcohol exposure
Authors: Williams Andrew D. , Nkombo Yannick , Nkodia Gery , Leonardson Gary , Burd Larry
Published: March 2014

Williams, A., Nkombo, Y., Nkodia, G., Leonardson, G., & Burd, L. (2014). Prevalence of smoking during pregnancy in the Republic of the Congo: Maternal smoking is associated with increased risk of prenatal alcohol exposure. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 3(1), 105-111. doi:10.7895/ijadr.v3i1.131Aims: Development of useful estimates of rates of maternal smoking during pregnancy, and the impact of smoking on rates and duration of maternal alcohol use during pregnancy.Design: A prospective study utilizing systematic screening of consecutive pregnant women.Setting: Ten prenatal care sites in Brazzaville, Congo’s largest city, where 50% of live births in the Congo occur. Women were asked to report the number of cigarettes smoked per day.Findings: From the 10 sites, 3,099 women were screened and 5.5% (n = 172) reported smoking. The mean number of cigarettes smoked per day was 1.1 and only 11% (n = 19) of the women reported smoking two or more cigarettes per day during pregnancy. Smoking during pregnancy was associated with a 4.9-fold increase in prenatal alcohol exposure during pregnancy. We found that 93% of the women who smoked also used alcohol during pregnancy.Conclusions: While the prevalence of smoking and the average number of cigarettes smoked per day were both low, smoking at any level results in a huge increase in risk for maternal alcohol use during pregnancy. The trend across the developing world is for increasing rates of smoking among women and children. Since the number of cigarettes smoked per day was low, smoking cessation programs and public health warnings may be useful in further reducing rates of smoking during pregnancy and, thus, risk for prenatal alcohol exposure in the Congo. We believe this is the first report quantifying the risk of smoking and prenatal alcohol use in a population of pregnant women.