bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tourism destination brand equity, brand authenticity and revisit intention: the mediating role of tourist satisfaction and the moderating role of destination familiarity
Authors: Shi Huike , Liu Yaping , Kumail Tafazal , Pan Liurong
Published: February 2022

Purpose

This study aims to explore the relationships among destination brand equity, brand authenticity and revisit intention. The mediating role of tourist satisfaction and the moderating role of destination familiarity in these relationships are also investigated.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on the stimulus–organism–response theory, a structural equation model was constructed to test the relationships among the study variables. The original data was obtained using a questionnaire survey method from domestic tourists who have traveled to Guilin in China.

Findings

The findings revealed that brand equity and brand authenticity not only positively and directly affect revisit intention but also have an indirect influence on revisit intention through the mediating role of tourist satisfaction. Destination familiarity positively moderates the direct influence of brand equity on revisit intention. Furthermore, brand authenticity significantly and positively affects brand equity.

Practical implications

The findings of this study provide a certain enlightenment for brand marketing and tourist destination management.

Originality/value

This study reveals the impact path of brand equity and brand authenticity on revisit intention, compensating for the lack of attention on impact mechanism among them. This study proves the impact of brand authenticity on destination brand equity. This compensates for the deficiencies that ignore possible antecedents affecting destination brand equity and the impact of brand authenticity on brand equity in the context of tourism destination. This study also confirms the specific dimensions of brand equity and brand authenticity in the context of Chinese tourism destinations in response to the current controversy.
An integrated experimental and mathematical approach to inferring the role of food exploitation and interference interactions in shaping life history
Authors: Joncour Barbara , Nelson William A. , Pak Damie , Bjørnstad Ottar N.
Published: February 2022

Intraspecific interactions can occur through many ways but the mechanisms can be broadly categorized as food exploitation and interference interactions. Identifying how intraspecific interactions impact life history is crucial to accurately predict how population density and structure influence dynamics. However, disentangling the effects of interference interactions from exploitation using experiments is challenging for most biological systems.

Here we propose an approach that combines experiments with modelling to infer the pathways of intraspecific interactions in a system. First, a consumer‐resource model is built without intraspecific interactions. Then, the model is parameterized by fitting it to life‐history data from a first experiment in which food abundance was varied. Next, hypothesized scenarios of intraspecific interactions are incorporated into the model which is then used to predict life histories with increasing competitor density. Lastly, model predictions are compared against data from a second experiment which raised groups of competitors of different densities. This comparison allows us to infer the role of interference and exploitation in shaping life history.

We demonstrated the approach using the smaller tea tortrix Adoxophyes honmai across a range of temperature. We investigated five scenarios of interactions that included exploitation and three pathways for interference through some effects either on energetics to represent changes in ingestion or activity, or on mortality to model deadly interactions, or on mortality and ingestion to model cannibalism.

Overall, intraspecific interactions in tea tortrix are best explained by a high level of deadly interactions along with some level of interference that acts on energy such as escaping and blocking access to food. Deadly interactions increase with temperature while interference that acts on energy is strongest close to the optimal temperature for reproduction. Interestingly, exploitation is more important than interference at low competitor density.

The combination of mathematical modelling and experimentation allowed us to mechanistically characterize the intraspecific interactions in tea tortrix in a way that is readily incorporated into population‐level mathematical models. The primary value of this approach, however, is that it can be applied to a much wider range of taxa than is possible with pure experimental approaches.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Phytoplankton exudates provide full nutrition to a subset of accompanying heterotrophic bacteria via carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus allocation
Authors: Eigemann Falk , Rahav Eyal , Grossart Hans‐Peter , Aharonovich Dikla , Sher Daniel , Vogts Angela , Voss Maren
Published: February 2022

Marine bacteria rely on phytoplankton exudates as carbon sources (DOCp). Yet, it is unclear to what extent phytoplankton exudates also provide nutrients such as phytoplankton‐derived N and P (DONp, DOPp). We address these questions by mesocosm exudate addition experiments with spent media from the ubiquitous pico‐cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus to bacterial communities in contrasting ecosystems in the Eastern Mediterranean – a coastal and an open‐ocean, oligotrophic station with and without on‐top additions of inorganic nutrients. Inorganic nutrient addition did not lower the incorporation of exudate DONp, nor did it reduce alkaline phosphatase activity, suggesting that bacterial communities are able to exclusively cover their nitrogen and phosphorus demands with organic forms provided by phytoplankton exudates. Approximately half of the cells in each ecosystem took up detectable amounts of Prochlorococcus‐derived C and N, yet based on 16S rRNA sequencing different bacterial genera were responsible for the observed exudate utilization patterns. In the coastal community, several phylotypes of Aureimarina, Psychrosphaera and Glaciecola responded positively to the addition of phytoplankton exudates, whereas phylotypes of Pseudoalteromonas increased and dominated the open‐ocean communities. Together, our results strongly indicate that phytoplankton exudates provide coastal and open‐ocean bacterial communities with organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, and that phytoplankton exudate serve a full‐fledged meal for the accompanying bacterial community in the nutrient‐poor eastern Mediterranean.
‘Would I Lie to You?’: Boris Johnson and Lying in the House of Commons
Authors: Judge David
Published: February 2022

A prerequisite of ministerial accountability in the UK is the provision of accurate information by ministers and the Prime Minister to Parliament. This form of ‘informatory accountability’, and the expectation that ministers and the Prime Minister will not lie to Parliament, is at the core of parliamentary government. Yet, Boris Johnson's premiership, characterised by a general propensity to mislead, to misinform, to tell untruths and to lie openly, has led to growing concern within Westminster at the PM's proclivity to speak untruths in the Commons with seeming impunity. A study of the period from July 2019 to December 2021 examines the paradoxes and procedural problems that arise when the presumption that a Prime Minister will not lie or utter deliberate falsehoods in Westminster is upended.
Mortgage underwriting and house prices: Evidence from the 2011 change in the Dutch Code of Conduct for mortgage loans
Authors: Rouwendal Jan , Petrat Antonia
Published: February 2022

During the Global Financial Crisis, house prices sharply declined in all West‐European countries, but after an initial recovery the Dutch housing market experienced a second dip. This paper examines whether the introduction of the tightened Code of Conduct for Mortgage Loans in 2011 had an effect on Dutch house prices. We compare the evolution of Dutch house prices with a synthetic control of other European countries. Our results suggest that the introduction of the new Code of Conduct did indeed have a substantial negative effect on Dutch house prices in the 2 years following its introduction. Several robustness checks confirm this conclusion.
Accumulation of systematic TPM1 mediates inflammation and neuronal remodeling by phosphorylating PKA and regulating the FABP5/NF‐κB signaling pathway in the retina of aged mice
Authors: Li Rong , Liang Yuxiang , Lin Bin
Published: February 2022

The molecular mechanisms underlying functional decline during normal brain aging are poorly understood. Here, we identified the actin‐associated protein tropomyosin 1 (TPM1) as a new systemic pro‐aging factor associated with function deficits in normal aging retinas. Heterochronic parabiosis and blood plasma treatment confirmed that systemic factors regulated age‐related inflammatory responses and the ectopic dendritic sprouting of rod bipolar (RBC) and horizontal (HC) cells in the aging retina. Proteomic analysis revealed that TPM1 was a potential systemic molecule underlying structural and functional deficits in the aging retina. Recombinant TPM1 protein administration accelerated the activation of glial cells, the dendritic sprouting of RBCs and HCs and functional decline in the retina of young mice, whereas anti‐TPM1 neutralizing antibody treatment ameliorated age‐related structural and function changes in the retina of aged mice. Old mouse plasma (OMP) induced glial cell activation and the dendritic outgrowth of RBCs and HCs in young mice, and yet TMP1‐depleted OMP failed to reproduce the similar effect in young mice. These results confirmed that TPM1 was a systemic pro‐aging factor. Moreover, we demonstrated that systematic TPM1 was an immune‐related molecule, which elicited endogenous TPM1 expression and inflammation by phosphorylating PKA and regulating FABP5/NF‐κB signaling pathway in normal aging retinas. Interestingly, we observed TPM1 upregulation and the ectopic dendritic sprouting of RBCs and HCs in young mouse models of Alzheimer's disease, indicating a potential role of TPM1 in age‐related neurodegenerative diseases. Our data indicate that TPM1 could be targeted for combating the aging process.
Synthesis and biological activity profile of novel triazole/quinoline hybrids
Authors: Jamshidi Hoda , Naimi‐Jamal Mohammad Reza , Safavi Maliheh , RayatSanati Kimia , Azerang Parisa , Tahghighi Azar
Published: February 2022

Based on the significant and diverse pharmacophore features of triazole ring and considering the potent antimicrobial properties of quinoline scaffold, a novel series of 1,2,3‐triazole‐based polyaromatic compounds containing chloroquinoline moiety were synthesized through a well‐established synthetic methodology, named click chemistry. The structure of the synthetic compounds was characterized by various spectroscopic methods. The final products of triazole/quinoline hybrids and ((prop‐2‐yn‐1‐yloxy)methyl)benzene intermediates were screened for their antibacterial (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri, and Salmonella enterica), antifungal (Candida albicans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Aspergillus fumigatus), and cytotoxic activities. The best antifungal compounds exhibited minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), in the range of 0.35–0.63 µM, against S. cerevisiae without any cytotoxic effect. These compounds can be selected as the potential candidates for treating invasive fungal infections caused by S. cerevisiae, after further investigation. Preliminary in silico ADME studies also predicted the favorable pharmacokinetic attributes of most compounds.
Precision and trueness of computer‐assisted implant placement using static surgical guides with open and closed sleeves: An in vitro analysis
Authors: Guentsch Arndt , An Hongseok , Dentino Andrew R.
Published: February 2022

Objectives

The aim of this in vitro study was to determine accuracy defined by trueness and precision of computer‐assisted implant surgery comparing two guided surgery kits designed for either closed sleeves or open sleeves with a lateral window.

Material and methods

Each n=20 implants were placed fully guided (sleeve‐bone distance of 2 or 4 mm) in identical replicas using a surgical guide with both closed sleeve or an open sleeve, partially guided, or free hand. The achieved implant position was digitized and compared with the planned position. Trueness and precision were determined. The angular deviation was defined as the primary outcome parameter. The means, standard deviation, and 95%‐confidence intervals were analyzed statistically with 1‐way ANOVA and the Scheffé procedure.

Results

The accuracy of guided implant placement using closed and open sleeves was comparable when the sleeve‐bone distance was 2 mm. Accuracy decreased when the sleeve‐bone distance increased in both fully guided groups, more so in the open than in the closed sleeve group. The least accurate method was the free‐hand group. Partially guided implant surgery was more accurate than free‐hand placement, but less accurate than the fully guided groups with 2‐mm sleeve‐bone distance.

Conclusions

The closer the sleeve to the bone, the more accurate and precise is computer‐assisted implant surgery using a closed system and a system using open sleeves. Partially guided implant surgery using only the static guide for the pilot drill is less accurate than both fully guided approaches, but more accurate than free‐hand surgery.
Progranulin promotes hippocampal neurogenesis and alleviates anxiety‐like behavior and cognitive impairment in adult mice subjected to cerebral ischemia
Authors: Sun Siqi , Zhou Jinlong , Li Zhongqi , Wu Yuzi , Wang Hao , Zheng Qi , Adu‐Nti Frank , Fan Juan , Tian Yingfang
Published: February 2022

Aims

Cerebral ischemia can lead to anxiety and cognitive impairment due to the loss of hippocampal neurons. Facilitation of endogenous neurogenesis in the hippocampus is a potential therapeutic strategy for alleviating ischemia‐induced anxiety and cognitive impairment. Progranulin (PGRN), a secretory glycoprotein, has been reported to have a mitogentic effect on many cell types. However, it is not clear whether PGRN enhances hippocampal neurogenesis and promotes functional recovery.

Methods

Adult male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) and injected intracerebroventricularly with recombinant mouse PGRN 30 min after pMCAO. Anxiety‐like behavior was detected by the open field and the elevated plus maze tests, and spatial learning and memory abilities were evaluated by Morris water maze. Neurogenesis was examined by double labeling of BrdU and neural stem cells or neurons markers. For mechanism studies, the level of ERK1/2 and AKT phosphorylation were assessed by western blotting.

Results

Progranulin significantly alleviated anxiety‐like behavior and spatial learning and memory impairment induced by cerebral ischemia in mice. Consistent with the functional recovery, PGRN promoted neural stem cells (NSCs) proliferation and neuronal differentiation in the dentate gyrus (DG) after cerebral ischemia. PGRN upregulated the expression of phosphorylated ERK1/2 and Akt in the DG after cerebral ischemia.

Conclusions

Progranulin alleviates ischemia‐induced anxiety‐like behavior and spatial learning and memory impairment in mice, probably via stimulation of hippocampal neurogenesis mediated by activation of MAPK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways. PGRN might be a promising candidate for coping with ischemic stroke‐induced mood and cognitive impairment in clinic.
The alterations of retinal vasculature detected on optical coherence tomography angiography associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Songur Murat Serkan , İntepe Yavuz Selim , Bayhan Seray Aslan , Bayhan Hasan Ali , Çiftçi Bülent , Çıtırık Mehmet
Published: February 2022

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the retinal vasculature of the macula and optic disc in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods

The right eyes of 70 COPD patients and 71 healthy individuals were evaluated. These patients had moderate airflow limitation and mean PO2 of 60 mmHg, and their average age was less than 60 years. Superficial and deep capillary plexus vascular densities, foveal avascular zone (FAZ) width, and optic disc parameters were measured with OCTA. In addition, the correlation between the PO2 level in COPD patients and superficial, deep, and peripapillary vascular densities and FAZ was examined in the study.

Results

The COPD group had a significant decrease in the vascular density in the superficial (fovea [p = 0.019]; parafovea [p = 0.013]; and perifovea [p = 0.001]) and deep capillary plexus (fovea [p = 0.028]; parafovea [p = 0.005]; and perifovea [p = 0.002]). Also, the enlargement of the FAZ (p = 0.002) and a decrease in the peripapillary vascular density (p = 0.006) were observed in the COPD group. There was a positive correlation between PO2 level and superficial, deep, and peripapillary vascular densities in COPD patients and a negative correlation with FAZ (r = 0.559–0.900).

Conclusion

Hypercapnia, respiratory acidosis, and chronic hypoxia associated with COPD may affect the macula and optic nerve, resulting in a serious decrease in vascular density, and OCTA can be a very important tool in the follow‐up and treatment of these patients.
Can teacher‐centered community‐based conservation programs influence student household sustainable behaviors near a biodiversity hotspot?
Authors: Kendall Corinne J. , Carrier Sarah J. , Folta Elizabeth , Tinka John , Fraulo Aimee , Leeds Austin , Lukas Kristen E.
Published: February 2022

Local communities living on the borders of protected areas can be key drivers of environmental degradation. Community‐based conservation initiatives seek to use sustainable activities as a strategy for mitigating these degradative behaviors while improving livelihoods but must be scalable to the site and sustainable over time. Teacher training, as a means of information transfer to the broader community, is one technique for implementing long‐term sustainable behavior programs. To be effective, sustainability practices must reach beyond behavior change in teachers to influence students and the broader community in which they work. UNITE for the Environment (UNITE) is a community‐based environmental sustainability program located along the border of Kibale National Park in Uganda, a site of high biodiversity, particularly for primates. UNITE focuses on conducting teacher trainings with 12 schools within 5 km of the park. We conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the transfer of UNITE's sustainability practices to the broader community. Families of teachers and students from schools that UNITE worked with, as well as control schools, were surveyed to assess their use of sustainable activities promoted by UNITE. Sustainable activities included specific agricultural practices, composting, bee‐keeping and fuel‐efficient stoves, while controlling for possible confounding variables between households including socioeconomic, spatial, and demographic variables. Results revealed that UNITE households, in comparison with control group households, showed greater use of sustainable practices for 12 of 13 behaviors tested. Wealth was the most influential of socioeconomic factors, with wealthier individuals more likely to implement sustainable activities. UNITE participants had greater value of the environment and belief in their ability to affect the environment than members of the control group. This study demonstrates the ability of teacher training programs to influence sustainable behavior, even while controlling for socioeconomic factors, suggesting that other programs should consider this approach to community‐based conservation.
A rare case of papular‐purpuric “gloves and socks” syndrome associated with influenza
Authors: Zelman Brandon , Muhlbauer Aaron , Kim Wendy , Speiser Jodi
Published: February 2022

Papular‐purpuric “gloves and socks” syndrome (PPGSS) is a unique, self‐limited dermatosis characterized by edema, erythema, and pruritic petechiae and papules in a distinct “gloves and socks” distribution. This is often accompanied by systemic symptoms, including fever, lymphadenopathy, asthenia, myalgia, and arthralgias. PPGSS has also been described as a manifestation of an underlying immunological mechanism that can be triggered by viral or drug‐related antigens. A 32‐year‐old male developed a painful eruption on the bilateral hands and feet after being diagnosed with influenza B. On examination, scattered papular purpura with occasional overlying scale was noted on the bilateral hands, fingers, feet, toes, volar wrists, and ankles. Histopathologic sections showed a mixed pattern of inflammation with interface and spongiotic changes. A parakeratotic scale with overlying basket‐weave orthokeratosis was also seen. Within the epidermis, there was intraepidermal vesicles and Langerhans cell microabscess formation with scattered apoptotic keratinocytes. The underlying dermis showed a superficial perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate with mild edematous changes, and extravasation of red blood cells. Clinicopathologic correlation strongly supported a diagnosis of popular‐purpuric gloves and socks syndrome. The influenza virus has never been reported in association with PPGSS; thus, this case outlines an important new variant that clinicians should be familiar with.
Implementation of species distribution models in Google Earth Engine
Authors: Crego Ramiro D. , Stabach Jared A. , Connette Grant
Published: February 2022

Aim

Google Earth Engine (GEE) is a free Web‐based spatial analysis platform that requires only a web browser and an Internet connection to programmatically access and analyse data from its multi‐petabyte catalog of regularly updated satellite imagery (e.g. MODIS, Landsat, Sentinel) and other geospatial datasets. The high computing capacity of GEE can make computationally demanding analyses more accessible to researchers and practitioners, especially those with limited access to advanced computational resources. Here, we present a workflow in GEE to fit species distribution models, offering direct access to a multi‐petabyte catalog of raster products to obtain estimates of habitat suitability.

Innovation

We implemented a workflow for species distribution modelling in GEE that includes importing species occurrence data into the GEE platform, selecting and preparing predictor variables, and performing model fitting with spatial or temporal split‐block cross‐validation techniques. We present three case studies that demonstrate: (i) a baseline SDM workflow that produces informative model predictions, (ii) a workflow that accounts for temporal variability in predictor variables to study changes in habitat suitability over time and (iii) a complex and computationally demanding analysis incorporating thousands of satellite images for modelling habitat suitability at high spatial resolution.

Main Conclusions

Our SDM workflow allows users to benefit from the high speed and performance of GEE without the need for significant computing infrastructure. This workflow may be especially beneficial to researchers in countries where computing power is limited, as SDMs frequently require the download, storage and processing of large raster datasets. We also discuss key limitations of implementing SDMs in GEE, such as user memory limits and the lack of high‐level functions. We include a step‐by‐step guide for the general model workflow and for each of the case studies presented to facilitate its implementation.
Does my daughter like math? Relations between parent and child math attitudes and beliefs
Authors: Hildebrand Lindsey , Posid Tasha , Moss‐Racusin Corinne A , Hymes Laura , Cordes Sara
Published: February 2022

As early as age six, girls report higher math anxiety than boys, and children of both genders begin to endorse the stereotype that males are better at math than females. However, very few studies have examined the emergence of math attitudes in childhood, or the role parents may play in their transmission. The present study is the first to investigate the concordance of multiple implicit and explicit math attitudes and beliefs between 6‐ and 10‐year‐old children and their parents. Data from implicit association tasks (IATs) reveal that both parents and their children have implicit associations between math and difficulty, but only parents significantly associated math with males. Notably, males (fathers and sons) were more likely than females (mothers and daughters) to identify as someone who likes math (instead of reading), suggesting gender differences in academic preferences emerge early and remain consistent throughout adulthood. Critically, we provide the first evidence that both mothers’ and fathers’ attitudes about math relate to a range of math attitudes and beliefs held by their children, particularly their daughters. Results suggest that girls may be especially sensitive to parental math attitudes and beliefs. Together, data indicate that children entering formal school already show some negative math attitudes and beliefs and that parents’ math attitudes may have a disproportionate impact on young girls.
Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease and stroke: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wu Min , Zha Mingming , Lv Qiushi , Xie Yi , Yuan Kang , Zhang Xiaohao , Liu Xinfeng
Published: February 2022

Background

The association between non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the risk of stroke is heterogeneous. Therefore, we aimed to examine any potential causal relationship between these two traits through Mendelian randomization.

Methods

The genetic instruments associated with NAFLD were selected from a large genome‐wide association study in individuals of European ancestry (1483 cases and 17,781 controls, replicated in 559 cases and 945 controls). The genetic associations for stroke (40,585 cases and 406,111 controls) and ischemic stroke (34,217 cases and 406,111 controls) were selected from the MEGASTROKE consortium of European ancestry participants. The causal effects on ischemic stroke subtypes, including large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) (4373 cases and 146,392 controls), small vessel occlusion (SVO) (5386 cases and 192,662 controls), and cardioembolic stroke (7193 cases and 204,570 controls), were also analyzed. The inverse variant weighted method was performed to obtain the casual estimates. Heterogeneity and pleiotropy of individual single nucleotide polymorphisms were also tested for the robustness of the results.

Results

NAFLD was not associated with stroke (odds ratio [OR] 1.015; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.996–1.034; p = 0.121) and ischemic stroke (OR 1.017; 95% CI 0.997–1.037; p = 0.092). Regarding ischemic stroke subtypes, there were positive causal inferences on LAA (OR 1.065; 95% CI 1.004–1.129; p = 0.037) and SVO (OR 1.058; 95% CI 1.003–1.116; p = 0.037), while it was not significant for cardioembolic stroke (OR 1.026; 95% CI 0.983–1.071; p = 0.243).

Conclusion

This study suggests that the potential causal effect of NAFLD on ischemic stroke may be confined to the LAA and SVO subtypes.
Where is justice in geography? A review of justice theorizing in the discipline
Authors: Przybylinski Stephen
Published: February 2022

Justice has long been central to geographic research but attention to the concept itself has been less explicitly theorized within the discipline. This article specifically traces the ways in which justice has been theorized within human geography. The review identifies commonalities among justice applications within geography, suggesting a shift beyond distributive and ideal theories of justice toward those explicating injustices coming more from bottom‐up approaches. At the same time, it identifies the tendency of geographers to approach the concept of justice through normative‐political approaches rather than normative‐analytical justifications of socio‐spatial phenomena. The paper illustrates the value of both approaches to justice theorizing but cautions that geographers should continue to justify the use of the concept within their work to avoid attenuating it. In ending, the paper illustrates how justice‐oriented geographers can continue to identify why justice is central to their scholarship.
The interactive work of narrative elicitation in person‐centred care: Analysis of phone conversations between health care professionals and patients with common mental disorders
Authors: Cederberg Matilda , Fors Andreas , Ali Lilas , Goulding Anneli , Mäkitalo Åsa
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Narratives play a central part in person‐centred care (PCC) as a communicative means of attending to patients' experiences. The present study sets out to explore what activities are performed and what challenges participants face in the interactive process of narrative elicitation, carried through in patient‐professional communication in a remote intervention based on PCC.

Methods

Data were gathered from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) in a Swedish city where health care professionals (HCPs) conducted remote PCC for patients on sick leave due to common mental disorders. A sample of eleven audio‐recorded phone conversations between HCPs and patients enroled in the RCT were collected and subjected to conversation analysis.

Results

Three interactive patterns in narrative elicitation were identified: Completed narrative sequences driven by the patient, question‐driven narrative sequences guided by the HCP, and narrative sequences driven as a collaborative project between the patient and the HCP. In the question‐driven narrative sequences, communication was problematic for both participants and they did not accomplish a narrative. In the other two patterns, narratives were accomplished but through various collaborative processes.

Conclusion

This study provides insight into what challenges narrative elicitation may bring in the context of a remote PCC intervention and what interactive work patients and HCP need to engage in. Importantly, it also highlights tensions in the ethics of PCC and its operationalization, if the pursuit of a narrative is not properly balanced against the respect for patients' integrity and personal preferences. Our findings also show that narrative elicitation may represent an interactive process in PCC in which illness narratives are jointly produced, negotiated and transformed.

Patient or Public Contribution

Stakeholders, including patient representatives, were involved in the design of the main study (the RCT). They have been involved in discussions on research questions and dissemination throughout the study period. They have not been involved in conducting the present study.
The involvement matrix as a framework for involving youth with severe communication disabilities in developing health education materials
Authors: Dada Shakila , May Adele , Bastable Kirsty , Samuels Alecia , Tönsing Kerstin , Wilder Jenny , Casey Maureen , Ntuli Constance , Reddy Vasu
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Involving youth with severe communication disabilities in health research is foregrounded in a perspective of rights and participation. Researchers aligned with a participatory and inclusive research agenda recommend that involving youth in health research should be a deliberate and well‐planned process. However, limited examples exist of how researchers can facilitate the involvement of youth with severe communication disabilities in research projects.

Method

The aim of this paper was to describe the application of the Involvement Matrix as a conceptual framework to guide the three phases of a research project with youth with severe communication disabilities.

Results

Six youth aged 19–34 years consented to be involved in the project. All youth had a severe communication disability and used augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) to support their involvement in the research project. The Involvement Matrix provided a structure to delineate four involvement roles in three research phases: In Phase 1, youth were listeners to research information and advisors in the needs analysis. In Phase 2, as advisors and decision‐makers, youth provided their opinions on selecting picture communication symbols for health materials. In Phase 3, as partners, they were copresenters at an online youth forum.

Conclusion

The Involvement Matrix was used to plan and implement the involvement of youth with severe communication disabilities in codeveloping health materials for use during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The Involvement Matrix can be applied together with AAC to enable meaningful involvement of youth in a health research project as listeners, advisors, decision‐makers and partners.

Patient or Public Contribution

This study project was codeveloped with youth with severe communication disabilities who use AAC in South Africa. A person with lived experience was involved as an advisor to the health material development process and in the drafting of the manuscript.
A scoping review of clinical skill development of preregistration registered nurses in Australia and five other English‐speaking countries
Authors: Currie Jane , Thompson Cristina , Grootemaat Pam , Andersen Patrea , Finnegan Alan , Carter Michael , Halcomb Elizabeth
Published: February 2022

Aim

The aim of this scoping review is to synthesise current evidence around the clinical skill development of preregistration registered nurses (RNs) in Australia, United Kingdom (UK), Ireland, United States (US), Canada and New Zealand, to inform nurse education, policy and clinical practice.

Background

Nursing is a practical profession, and registered nurses require specific skills, knowledge and attributes in order to care for patients safely. The context for health care delivery is shifting, and the education of nurses must adapt to effectively equip the registered nurse of the future.

Design

A scoping review was conducted of clinical skill development in preregistration nurses. CINAHL Plus, MEDLINE, Health Source (Nursing/Academic edition) and Scopus were searched. Included studies were primary Australian studies and international literature reviews, which focussed on preregistration nursing education. Papers were written in the English language and focussed on clinical skill development. Results were synthesised narratively. The review is reported here in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐analyses Scoping Review extension (PRISMA‐ScR) guidelines.

Results

One hundred fifty‐five Australia studies and 89 international reviews were included in the review. Six key themes were identified, namely clinical skills, approaches to teaching and learning, interprofessional education, assessment of learning, clinical placement and simulation.

Conclusion

There is substantial variation in strategies and programmes to facilitate clinical skill development both within Australia and internationally, indicating a genuine shift away from traditional didactic pedagogy. New graduate registered nurses were expected to be “work‐ready,” albeit at a novice level, when they enter the workplace. Future research should consider measures of impact on actual clinical practice and focus on developing work‐ready graduates for the range of clinical settings in which they may practice. Educators, policymakers and educational institutions can use these findings to inform curriculum developments to ensure that clinical skill development is evidence‐based.
A school‐based health centre partnership: Faculty practice, nursing student learning and wellness in youth, families and community
Authors: Beierwaltes Patricia , Bell Sue Ellen , Cornell Rhonda , Ostrow Laurel Gail , Schmitz Nicole , Verchota Gwen , Clisbee David , Houston Rebecca , Eggenberger Sandra K.
Published: February 2022

Aims and Objectives

This paper describes the development of a SBHC with an innovative model of care that grew out of a partnership between a public‐school district and a university nursing programme in the midwestern region of the United States.

Background and Purpose

Persistent barriers to health and health care experienced by youth are well documented. School‐based health centres (SBHCs) can improve educational and health outcomes, positively impacting health equity. Academic systems are positioned to address health care needs of the school‐aged population, yet educators face challenges of accessing quality learning placements for students and faculty practice sites.

Methods

A community‐based collaborative methodology guided the planning phases that were driven by priority needs identified by families and stakeholders. With the mission of “partnering with students, families, and communities in the promotion of health and wellness through engagement in practice, education, and research,” an ongoing dialogue over a two‐year period led to articulating a vision, designing a plan and implementing a nurse‐managed SBHC. The Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR) checklist was considered in the preparation of this paper.

Results

In three years, this SBHC has addressed and identified priority needs and served individual youth and families. The SBHC provides opportunities for the faculty to fulfil a practice requirement for certification and accreditation. Nursing students engage with youth and families in health education and health promotion while strengthening their technical and relational skills. Family nurse practitioner students gain valuable clinical experience. Faculty with expertise in family nursing guide family assessments, support family resiliency and direct therapeutic conversations with family units.

Conclusion

SBHCs serve youth, families, and community. This academic–practice partnership has the added benefit of providing faculty practice opportunities and nursing student experiential learning.

Relevance to Clinical Practice

SHBCs provide practice opportunities that address needs in individuals, families, and communities. Partnerships should be considered at academic nursing programmes to support their needs and fulfil commitments to address health equity gaps.
Multiplexed flow cytometric approach for detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG, IgM and IgA using beads covalently coupled to the nucleocapsid protein
Authors: Zattoni I.F. , Huergo L.F. , Gerhardt E.C.M. , Nardin J.M. , dos Santos A.M.F. , Rego F.G.M. , Picheth G. , Moure V.R. , Valdameri G.
Published: February 2022

Flow cytometry has emerged as a promising technique for detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. In this study, we developed an innovative strategy for simultaneous detection of immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM and IgA. The SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein was covalently bound to functional beads surface applying sulpho-SMCC chemistry. BUV395 anti-IgG, BB515 anti-IgM, biotinylated anti-IgA1/IgA2 and BV421 streptavidin were used as fluorophore conjugated secondary antibodies. Serum and antibodies reaction conditions were optimized for each antibody isotype detection and a multiplexed detection assay was developed. This new cell-free assay efficiently discriminate COVID-19 negative and positive samples. The simultaneous detection of IgG, IgM and IgA showed a sensitivity of 88·5–96·2% and specificity of 100%. This novel strategy opens a new avenue for flow cytometry-based diagnosis.
Novel genetic sex markers reveal unexpected lack of, and similar susceptibility to, sex reversal in free‐living common toads in both natural and anthropogenic habitats
Authors: Nemesházi Edina , Sramkó Gábor , Laczkó Levente , Balogh Emese , Szatmári Lajos , Vili Nóra , Ujhegyi Nikolett , Üveges Bálint , Bókony Veronika
Published: February 2022

Anthropogenic environmental changes are affecting biodiversity and microevolution worldwide. Ectothermic vertebrates are especially vulnerable because environmental changes can disrupt their sexual development and cause sex reversal, a mismatch between genetic and phenotypic sex. This can potentially lead to sex‐ratio distortion and population decline. Despite these implications, there is scarce empirical knowledge on the incidence of sex reversal in nature. Populations in anthropogenic environments may be exposed to sex‐reversing stimuli more frequently, which may lead to higher sex‐reversal rate or, alternatively, these populations may adapt to resist sex reversal. We developed PCR‐based genetic sex markers for the common toad (Bufo bufo) to assess the prevalence of sex reversal in wild populations living in natural, agricultural and urban habitats, and the susceptibility of the same populations to two ubiquitous oestrogenic pollutants in a common garden experiment. We found negligible sex‐reversal frequency in free‐living adults despite the presence of various endocrine‐disrupting pollutants in their breeding ponds. Individuals from different habitat types showed similar susceptibility to sex reversal in the laboratory: all genetic males developed female phenotype when exposed to 1 µg L−1 17α‐ethinylestradiol (EE2) during larval development, whereas no sex reversal occurred in response to 1 ng L−1 EE2 and a glyphosate‐based herbicide with 3 µg L−1 or 3 mg L−1 glyphosate. The latter results do not support that populations in anthropogenic habitats would have either increased propensity for or higher tolerance to chemically induced sex reversal. Thus, the extremely low sex‐reversal frequency in wild toads compared to other ectothermic vertebrates studied before might indicate idiosyncratic, potentially species‐specific resistance to sex reversal.
Seascape genomics of coastal bottlenose dolphins along strong gradients of temperature and salinity
Authors: Pratt Eleanor A. L. , Beheregaray Luciano B. , Bilgmann Kerstin , Zanardo Nikki , Diaz‐Aguirre Fernando , Brauer Chris , Sandoval‐Castillo Jonathan , Möller Luciana M.
Published: February 2022

Heterogeneous seascapes and strong environmental gradients in coastal waters are expected to influence adaptive divergence, particularly in species with large population sizes where selection is expected to be highly efficient. However, these influences might also extend to species characterized by strong social structure, natal philopatry and small home ranges. We implemented a seascape genomic study to test this hypothesis in Indo‐Pacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) distributed along the environmentally heterogeneous coast of southern Australia. The data sets included oceanographic and environmental variables thought to be good predictors of local adaptation in dolphins and 8081 filtered single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyped for individuals sampled from seven different bioregions. From a neutral perspective, population structure and connectivity of the dolphins were generally influenced by habitat type and social structuring. Genotype‐environment association analysis identified 241 candidate adaptive loci and revealed that sea surface temperature and salinity gradients influenced adaptive divergence in these animals at both large‐ (1000 km) and fine‐scales (<100 km). Enrichment analysis and annotation of candidate genes revealed functions related to sodium‐activated ion transport, kidney development, adipogenesis and thermogenesis. The findings of spatial adaptive divergence and inferences of putative physiological adaptations challenge previous suggestions that marine megafauna is most likely to be affected by environmental and climatic changes via indirect, trophic effects. Our work contributes to conservation management of coastal bottlenose dolphins subjected to anthropogenic disturbance and to efforts of clarifying how seascape heterogeneity influences adaptive diversity and evolution in small cetaceans.
Jasmonic acid coordinates with light, glucose and auxin signalling in regulating branching angle of Arabidopsis lateral roots
Authors: Sharma Manvi , Sharma Mohan , Jamsheer K Muhammed , Laxmi Ashverya
Published: February 2022

The role of jasmonates (JAs) in primary root growth and development and in plant response to external stimuli is already known. However, its role in lateral root (LR) development remains to be explored. Our work identified methyl jasmonate (MeJA) as a key phytohormone in determining the branching angle of Arabidopsis LRs. MeJA inclines the LRs to a more vertical orientation, which was dependent on the canonical JAR1‐COI1‐MYC2,3,4 signalling. Our work also highlights the dual roles of light in governing LR angle. Light signalling enhances JA biosynthesis, leading to erect root architecture; whereas, glucose (Glc) induces wider branching angles. Combining physiological and molecular assays, we revealed that Glc antagonises the MeJA response via TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN (TOR) signalling. Moreover, physiological assays using auxin mutants, MYC2‐mediated transcriptional activation of LAZY2, LAZY4 and auxin biosynthetic gene CYP79B2, and asymmetric distribution of DR5::GFP and PIN2::GFP pinpointed the role of an intact auxin machinery required by MeJA for vertical growth of LRs. We also demonstrated that light perception and signalling are indispensable for inducing vertical angles by MeJA. Thus, our investigation highlights antagonism between light and Glc signalling and how they interact with JA‐auxin signals to optimise the branching angle of LRs.
Auto‐inflammation and auto‐immunity pathways are associated with emergence of BOS in pediatric lung transplantation
Authors: Conrad Carol K. , Hedlin Haley , Chin Hyunsook , Hayes Don , Heeger Peter S. , Faro Albert , Goldfarb Samuel , Melicoff‐Portillo Ernestina , Thalachallour Mohanakumar , Odim Jonah , Schecter Marc , Storch Gregory A. , Visner Gary A. , Williams Nikki M. , Kesler Karen , Danziger‐Isakov Lara , Sweet Stuart C.
Published: February 2022

Background

Long‐term survival after lung transplantation (LTx) is limited by chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD).

Methods

We report an analysis of cytokine profiles in bronchoalveolar lavage samples collected during a prospective multicenter non‐interventional trial primarily designed to determine the impact of community‐acquired respiratory viral infections (CARV) in outcomes after pediatric LTx. In this analysis, we identify potential biomarkers of auto‐inflammation and auto‐immunity associated with survival and risk of bronchiolitis obliterans (BOS) after LTx with cytokine analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from 61 pediatric recipients.

Results

Higher IL‐23 (p = .048) and IL‐31 (p = .035) levels were associated with the risk of BOS, and lower levels of epithelial growth factor (EGF) (p = .041) and eotaxin (EOX) (p = .017) were associated with BOS. Analysis using conditional inference trees to evaluate cytokines at each visit associated with survival identified soluble CD30 (p < .001), pro‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐23 (p = .02), and sTNFRI (p = .01) below cutoff levels as associated with BOS‐free survival.

Conclusions

Our results indicate that post‐LTx survival in children may be linked to activation of alternate pathways of the immune system that affect airway remodeling in addition to activation of “classical” pathways that have been described in adult LTx recipients. These may indicate pathways to target for intervention.