bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN PADA MATA PELAJARAN BIOLOGI DENGAN MODEL ADDIE PADA MATERI SISTEM PERNAPASAN KELAS 11 Madrasah Aliyah Laboratorium Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara Medan
Authors: Purba Balqis Putri Wardana , Afrianti Billah , Saragih Fany Erlangga , Nabilla Mutiara Nabilla , Adlini Miza Nina , Rifda Rifda
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian untuk mengembangkan media video pembelajaran pada mata pelajaran Biologi dengan materi sistem pernapasan Kelas XI MAL (Madrasah Aliyah Laboratorium ) .Penelitian ini dilakukan pada hari Sabtu ,20 Mei 2023.Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengembangkan media videopembelajaran pada mata pelajaran biologi dengan materi sistem pernapasan dan untuk mengetahui validasi media video pembelajaran pada materi sistem pernapasan menurut ahli media ,ahli materi dan guru biologi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi dan wawancara .Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar validasi ahli,lembar penilaian guru dan angket untuk siswa. Penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil validasi ahli media sebesar 89% atau layak digunakan dan hasil validasi ahli pemateri 84,25% atau sangat layak digunakan .dan hasil penilaian oleh guru menunjukkan media pembelajaran ini sangatlayak sebagai media pembelajaran biologi .Siswa juga memberikan respon sangat baik terhadap media video pembelajaran pada mata pelajaran Biologi dengan materi pernapasan,dan setelah menerapkan media ini hasil belajar siswa meningkat dan semangat belajarnya juga meningkat dan siswa lebih mudah memahami materiyang telah diajarkan.
The Pathophysiology and Management of NAFDL in Post-menopausal Women: An Updated Short Review
Authors: Mishra Ayan , Panda Barsha , Ghosh Debosree
Published: October 2023

Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFDL) is a condition in which an individual suffers from an accumulation of fat in the liver. This is a disease condition with a multifactorial etiology. Some potent causes of such conditions are altered thyroid condition, abnormal metabolism in the body due to aging or menopause, or any other hormonal imbalance. Most of these causes are regulated by genetics, lifestyle, and environmental factors. Menopause comes with tremendous hormonal turmoil in the human body and brings various abnormal conditions that significantly divert from physiological conditions. One such condition that comes along with menopause in women is NAFLD. Also, the progression of NAFDL is more in post-menopausal women than in premenopausal women. This review aims to comprehend and understand from the existing literature if the prevailing NAFLD condition worsens and aggravates in women with menopause or remains unaffected. This short review briefly discusses the pathophysiology of the onset and progression of NAFDL in post-menopausal women. Lifestyle restrictions, diet, proper monitoring, and medications and supplementations are the only ways to manage NAFLD in post-menopausal women. A detailed and better understanding of NAFDL, its onset, progression, and association with the physiological condition of post-menopausal women is necessary to better manage and treat the NAFDL condition in post-menopausal women.
Innovation Process and Industrial System of US Food and Drug Administration–Approved Software as a Medical Device: Review and Content Analysis
Authors: Yu Jiakan , Zhang Jiajie , Sengoku Shintaro
Published: October 2023

Background

There has been a surge in academic and business interest in software as a medical device (SaMD). SaMD enables medical professionals to streamline existing medical practices and make innovative medical processes such as digital therapeutics a reality. Furthermore, SaMD is a billion-dollar market. However, SaMD is not clearly understood as a technological change and emerging industry.

Objective

This study aims to review the landscape of SaMD in response to increasing interest in SaMD within health systems and regulation. The objectives of the study are to (1) clarify the innovation process of SaMD, (2) identify the prevailing typology of such innovation, and (3) elucidate the underlying mechanisms driving the SaMD innovation process.

Methods

We collected product information on 581 US Food and Drug Administration–approved SaMDs from the OpenFDA website and 268 company profiles of the corresponding manufacturers from Crunchbase, Bloomberg, PichBook.com, and other company websites. In addition to assessing the metadata of SaMD, we used correspondence and business process analysis to assess the distribution of intended use and how SaMDs interact with other devices in the medical process.

Results

The current SaMD industry is highly concentrated in medical image processing and radiological analysis. Incumbents in the medical device industry currently lead the market and focus on incremental innovation, whereas new entrants, particularly startups, produce more disruptive innovation. We found that hardware medical device functions as a complementary asset for SaMD, whereas how SaMD interacts with the complementary asset differs according to its intended use. Based on these findings, we propose a regime map that illustrates the SaMD innovation process.

Conclusions

SaMD, as an industry, is nascent and dominated by incremental innovation. The innovation process of the present SaMD industry is shaped by data accessibility, which is key to building disruptive innovation.
Temporal Generalizability of Machine Learning Models for Predicting Postoperative Delirium Using Electronic Health Record Data: Model Development and Validation Study
Authors: Matsumoto Koutarou , Nohara Yasunobu , Sakaguchi Mikako , Takayama Yohei , Fukushige Syota , Soejima Hidehisa , Nakashima Naoki , Kamouchi Masahiro
Published: October 2023

Background

Although machine learning models demonstrate significant potential in predicting postoperative delirium, the advantages of their implementation in real-world settings remain unclear and require a comparison with conventional models in practical applications.

Objective

The objective of this study was to validate the temporal generalizability of decision tree ensemble and sparse linear regression models for predicting delirium after surgery compared with that of the traditional logistic regression model.

Methods

The health record data of patients hospitalized at an advanced emergency and critical care medical center in Kumamoto, Japan, were collected electronically. We developed a decision tree ensemble model using extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) and a sparse linear regression model using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. To evaluate the predictive performance of the model, we used the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and the Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) to measure discrimination and the slope and intercept of the regression between predicted and observed probabilities to measure calibration. The Brier score was evaluated as an overall performance metric. We included 11,863 consecutive patients who underwent surgery with general anesthesia between December 2017 and February 2022. The patients were divided into a derivation cohort before the COVID-19 pandemic and a validation cohort during the COVID-19 pandemic. Postoperative delirium was diagnosed according to the confusion assessment method.

Results

A total of 6497 patients (68.5, SD 14.4 years, women n=2627, 40.4%) were included in the derivation cohort, and 5366 patients (67.8, SD 14.6 years, women n=2105, 39.2%) were included in the validation cohort. Regarding discrimination, the XGBoost model (AUROC 0.87-0.90 and MCC 0.34-0.44) did not significantly outperform the LASSO model (AUROC 0.86-0.89 and MCC 0.34-0.41). The logistic regression model (AUROC 0.84-0.88, MCC 0.33-0.40, slope 1.01-1.19, intercept –0.16 to 0.06, and Brier score 0.06-0.07), with 8 predictors (age, intensive care unit, neurosurgery, emergency admission, anesthesia time, BMI, blood loss during surgery, and use of an ambulance) achieved good predictive performance.

Conclusions

The XGBoost model did not significantly outperform the LASSO model in predicting postoperative delirium. Furthermore, a parsimonious logistic model with a few important predictors achieved comparable performance to machine learning models in predicting postoperative delirium.
Cultural Adaptation of an Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders Maternal and Child mHealth Intervention: Protocol for a Co-Design and Adaptation Research Study (Preprint)
Authors: Ishaque Sana , Ela Ola , Rissel Chris , Canuto Karla , Hall Kerry , Bidargaddi Niranjan , Briley Annette , Roberts Claire T , Perkes Sarah Jane , Dowling Anna , Bonevski Billie
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND

There is limited evidence of high-quality, accessible, culturally safe, and effective digital health interventions for Indigenous mothers and babies. Like any other intervention, the feasibility and efficacy of digital health interventions depend on how well they are co-designed with Indigenous communities and their adaptability to intracultural diversity.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to adapt an existing co-designed mobile health (mHealth) intervention app with health professionals and Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander mothers living in South Australia.

METHODS

Potential participants include Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander pregnant women and mothers of children aged 0-5 years, non-Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander women who are mothers of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander babies, and health professionals who predominantly care for Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander mothers and babies. Participants will be recruited from multiple Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander–specific health services under the local health networks around metropolitan South Australia. In this study, data collection will be carried out via culturally safe, and family-friendly yarning circles, facilitated by Aboriginal research staff to collect feedback on the existing mHealth app from approximately 20 women and 10 health professionals, with the aim to achieve data saturation. This will inform the changes required to the mHealth app. All focus groups and interviews will be audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data will be inductively analyzed using realist epistemology via NVivo software (Lumivero). Themes about the mHealth app’s cultural acceptability, usability, and appropriateness will be used to inform the changes applied to the app.

RESULTS

With the feedback received from participating women and health professionals, changes in the smartphone app will be made to ensure the intervention is supportive and meets the needs of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander mothers and families in South Australia. Participation of community members will promote ownership, community engagement, and implementation.

CONCLUSIONS

A co-designed, culturally sensitive, and effective digital health intervention is likely to support Indigenous mothers and their children facing health disparities due to the disruption of Indigenous culture by colaying a foundation for a potential clinical trial and wider implementation.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/53748
Exploring the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and augmented reality (AR) in maritime medicine: A narrative literature review (Preprint)
Authors: Battineni Gopi , Chintalapudi Nalini , Ricci Giovanna , Ruocco Ciro , Amenta Francesco
Published: October 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

This narrative literature review explores the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and augmented reality (AR) in the field of maritime medicine. A comprehensive search was conducted in academic databases using relevant search terms, resulting in the identification of 257 records. After screening for relevance and quality, a final review was conducted on 17 papers. The review highlights the potential applications and benefits of AI and AR in enhancing medical practices and safety measures for seafarers. The integration of AI and AR technologies in maritime medicine shows promise in providing real-time medical assistance, remote consultations, augmented training, and improved diagnostic capabilities. Additionally, AI-driven predictive models can aid in early detection of health issues and support proactive health management onboard ships. Challenges related to data privacy, connectivity at sea, and the need for regulatory frameworks are also discussed. The data analysis reported in this review contributes to a better understanding of the current state and future potential of AI and AR in maritime medicine and provide insights into opportunities for further research and implementation in the maritime industry.
User Dynamics and Thematic Exploration in r/Depression During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Insights From Overlapping r/SuicideWatch Users (Preprint)
Authors: Zhu Jianfeng , Jin Ruoming , Kenne Deric R , Phan NhatHai , Ku Wei-Shinn
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND

In 2023, the United States experienced its highest- recorded number of suicides, exceeding 50,000 deaths. In the realm of psychiatric disorders, major depressive disorder stands out as the most common issue, affecting 15% to 17% of the population and carrying a notable suicide risk of approximately 15%. However, not everyone with depression has suicidal thoughts. While “suicidal depression” is not a clinical diagnosis, it may be observed in daily life, emphasizing the need for awareness.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine the dynamics, emotional tones, and topics discussed in posts within the r/Depression subreddit, with a specific focus on users who had also engaged in the r/SuicideWatch community. The objective was to use natural language processing techniques and models to better understand the complexities of depression among users with potential suicide ideation, with the goal of improving intervention and prevention strategies for suicide.

METHODS

Archived posts were extracted from the r/Depression and r/SuicideWatch Reddit communities in English spanning from 2019 to 2022, resulting in a final data set of over 150,000 posts contributed by approximately 25,000 unique overlapping users. A broad and comprehensive mix of methods was conducted on these posts, including trend and survival analysis, to explore the dynamic of users in the 2 subreddits. The BERT family of models extracted features from data for sentiment and thematic analysis.

RESULTS

On August 16, 2020, the post count in r/SuicideWatch surpassed that of r/Depression. The transition from r/Depression to r/SuicideWatch in 2020 was the shortest, lasting only 26 days. Sadness emerged as the most prevalent emotion among overlapping users in the r/Depression community. In addition, physical activity changes, negative self-view, and suicidal thoughts were identified as the most common depression symptoms, all showing strong positive correlations with the emotion tone of disappointment. Furthermore, the topic “struggles with depression and motivation in school and work” (12%) emerged as the most discussed topic aside from suicidal thoughts, categorizing users based on their inclination toward suicide ideation.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study underscores the effectiveness of using natural language processing techniques to explore language markers and patterns associated with mental health challenges in online communities like r/Depression and r/SuicideWatch. These insights offer novel perspectives distinct from previous research. In the future, there will be potential for further refinement and optimization of machine classifications using these techniques, which could lead to more effective intervention and prevention strategies.
Kajian Efek Samping Obat Kemoterapi Dosetaksel Pada Kanker Payudara Di RS Bhayangkara Kediri
Authors: Wijayanti Nunuk , Rahmawati, Sp.FRS., Apt. Dr. Fita , Pramugyono Pramugyono
Published: October 2023

Dosetaksel merupakan salah satu obat kemoterapi pada kanker payudara. Pemberian kemoterapi dapat menimbulkan berbagai efek samping. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran efek samping obat non hematologi dan hematologi dari penggunaan kemoterapi dosetaksel. Efek samping non hematologi yang diamati meliputi gangguan dermatologi, gangguan endokrin dan metabolik, dan gangguan terkait gastrointestinal. Sedangkan efek samping hematologi yang diamati meliputi anemia, trombositopenia, leukopenia, dan neutropenia. Penelitian menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan pengambilan data secara prospektif pada 45 pasien yang menjalani kemoterapi regimen dosetaksel dengan dosis 100mg/m2 di Rumah Sakit Bhayangkara Kediri pada bulan Januari 2022 – Maret 2023. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui catatan rekam medik kemudian identifikasi efek samping obat dilakukan melalui diskusi apoteker dengan klinisi konsultan bidang onkologi. Evaluasi data dilakukan secara deskriptif dalam bentuk pesentase. Kejadian efek samping non hematologi yang paling banyak terjadi adalah rambut rontok mencapai 80% dikuti dengan kejadian reaksi hipersensitivitas kulit sebesar 73,3% dan perubahan kuku mencapai 48,9%. Pada tingkat keparahan ringan (grade 1), reaksi hipersensitivitas kulit adalah kejadian tertinggi sejumlah 73,3% diikuti dengan kejadian rambut rontok sebesar 64,4%. Efek samping hematologi terbesar adalah anemia. Pasien mengalami anemia dengan grade 1 sebanyak 37.3% dan 2,2% terjadi pada grade 2. Efek samping dosetaksel yang terjadi pada penelitian ini secara keseluruhan masuk dalam kategori ringan (grade 1) dan sedang (grade 2). Sebagian besar pasien masih dapat mentoleransi gejala efek samping yang timbul. Pemantauan terhadap efek samping obat dan pengelolaan gejala yang timbul dengan segera diperlukan untuk mengurangi keparahan dan peningkatan kualitas hidup pasien.
Perbandingan Luaran Klinis Favipiravir dan Remdesivir pada Pasien Covid-19 Derajat Sedang di RS Akademik UGM Yogyakarta
Authors: Hadiatussalamah - - , Andayani Tri Murti , Sari Ika Puspita
Published: October 2023

Penelitian mengenai antiviral yang efektif untuk COVID-19 masih terus dilakukan hingga saat ini. Favipiravir dan remdesivir merupakan antiviral yang telah direkomendasikan di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan luaran klinis favipiravir dan remdesivir pada pasien COVID-19 derajat sedang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cohort retrospective yang dilakukan di RS Akademik UGM Yogyakarta menggunakan data rekam medis elektronik pasien COVID-19 derajat sedang yang dirawat inap sejak Juni 2021 – Maret 2022. Masing-masing kelompok terapi terdiri dari 88 subjek. Luaran klinis berupa kondisi membaik dan belum membaik dinilai menggunakan skala ordinal 7 poin progresivitas dan penyembuhan COVID-19 dari WHO. Analisis Chi-square dan regresi logistik berganda dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan variabel penelitian. Subjek penelitian dengan persentase terbanyak usia 18 – 59 tahun (70,5%), jenis kelamin laki-laki (53,4%), tidak obesitas (64,2%). Penyakit penyerta yang paling banyak adalah diabetes melitus (33%) dan hipertensi (30%). Kelompok favipiravir memberikan luaran klinis yang lebih baik daripada remdesivir (50,0% vs 35,3%, p-value = 0,048). Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna terkait angka kejadian yang tidak diinginkan pada kedua kelompok penelitian (p-value > 0,05).
Antioxidant Capacity from Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Kenikir (Cosmos Caudatus K)
Authors: Pangeran Khrisna , Irianti Tatang Irianti , Purnomo Hari
Published: October 2023

Antioxidant is an activity that inhibits oxidation reactions due to exposure to free radicals, the search for antioxidant compounds continues to be developed from natural sources. The purpose is to identify new sources of safe and inexpensive agents through antioxidant capacity from ethyl acetate fraction on kenikir leaves was evaluated through enzymatic and non-enzymatic in vitro models. The research began with the method of separating compounds from ethanol extracts and ethyl acetate fractions, quantification of total phenolics and flavonoids, antioxidant capacity tests with DPPH, and tyrosinase enzyme. The results of the study produced isolate E which was observed in a single stain with Rf 0,80. The compound has a typical marker worth 1734.07 cm-1 with an indication of stretching vibration movement on C-O. It has a maximum wavelength of ± 216 nm, with an abundance of 49.75% and a retention time of 27.20 minutes. TPC and TFC test results, the water fraction is the most dominant value with 0.430 mgGAE/g and 0.056 mQE/g. DPPH assay results, isolate E has an IC50 value of 162.03 ppm and a %inhibition of 12.73%. The tyrosinase inhibition test of L-DOPA substrate was resulting an IC50 value of 77.51 ppm compared to kojic acid of 16.48 ppm.
Deep Learning Neural Networks in the Cloud
Authors: Awan Burhan Humayun
Published: October 2023

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are currently used in a wide range of critical real-world applications as machine learning technology. Due to the high number of parameters that make up DNNs, learning and prediction tasks require millions of floating-point operations (FLOPs). Implementing DNNs into a cloud computing system with centralized servers and data storage sub-systems equipped with high-speed and high-performance computing capabilities is a more effective strategy. This research presents an updated analysis of the most recent DNNs used in cloud computing. It highlights the necessity of cloud computing while presenting and debating numerous DNN complexity issues related to various architectures. Additionally, it goes into their intricacies and offers a thorough analysis of several cloud computing platforms for DNN deployment. Additionally, it examines the DNN applications that are already running on cloud computing platforms to highlight the advantages of using cloud computing for DNNs. The study highlights the difficulties associated with implementing DNNs in cloud computing systems and provides suggestions for improving both current and future deployments.
Sexual Consent and Epistemic Partiality in Rape Fact-Finding
Authors: Ferrantelli Talita
Published: October 2023

Feminist legal theory has contested rape laws and notions of sexual consent to better reflect the experiences of survivors and address power distortions in legal frameworks that perpetuate women’s subordination. In this paper, I explore an alternative form of criticism to consent-based rape laws and biases within legal systems. I argue that the justifications that are used to select and weigh evidence in rape cases are epistemically suspect because of the unreliability of their epistemic sources. My argument, building on radical realist social analysis in political theory, aims to unveil an epistemic defect in rape evidentiary procedures, which I call epistemic partiality. I suggest that this epistemic defect brings salient reasons to challenge rape laws based on ideals of consent. I hope to show that a radical realist approach may bring reasons to challenge rape laws and flaws in evidentiary systems without the need to centrally agree with or rely on feminist commitments and political goals. This type of criticism may effectively bypass certain limitations of feminist theory and potentially add to discussions focused on power distortions within legal systems.
A cadeia de custódia da prova e o relatório de inteligência financeira do COAF/UIF: repercussões do Recurso Extraordinário nº 1.055.941/SP no âmbito probatório
Authors: Araújo Matheus Oliveira
Published: October 2023

O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar as repercussões probatórias do Recurso Extraordinário nº 1.055.941/SP, no âmbito do compartilhamento do relatório de inteligência financeira do COAF. A pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa e a metodologia utilizada consistiu em método hipotético-dedutivo, por meio da revisão bibliográfica de autores que versam sobre direito processual penal, inteligência financeira e proteção de dados. Concluiu-se, ao final, que a decisão proferida pela Corte Suprema brasileira impõe a observância da cadeia de custódia para legalidade do compartilhamento do relatório de inteligência financeira, sob pena de inadmissibilidade do relatório no processo.
Generative Adversarial Network Based Face Frontalization: A Review
Authors: Gaikwad Asmi
Published: October 2023

Abstract: Face frontalization can boost the performance of face recognition methods and has made significant progress with the development of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). Face frontalization, the process of synthesizing frontal views of faces from arbitrary poses, plays a pivotal role in numerous computer vision applications including facial recognition, emotion analysis, and virtual reality. In this study, we propose a novel approach leveraging Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) to address the challenging task of face frontalization. Our model integrates a carefully designed architecture capable of disentangling pose variations from facial features. Additionally, a multi-stage training strategy is employed to enhance the network's capacity for learning complex pose-to-pose mappings
Crowdfunding Application by Binance Blockchain and Hybrid Models
Authors: Shewale Viraj , Sutar Prasad , Kawachale Vinit
Published: October 2023

Abstract: As Web3 and blockchain develop faster in many areas such as healthcare, social services, electronic voting and more. Crowdfunding applications are leveraging BSC's efficiency and low transaction costs to bridge the gap between blockchain and traditional finance through a hybrid model. It combines the user-friendly React-based interface, secure Solidity smart contracts, and Hardhat's development and testing capabilities to create a versatile and secure platform. The goal of this project is to identify the value gap in the current crowdfunding market and provide them with smart contracts with smart tools for application businesses created by Ethereum. This crowdfunding app represents a significant step forward in fundraising, meeting many needs of customers and poised to shape the future of crowdfunding with its new and innovative approach.
Assessing The Impact of Cross Border Investment on India’s Growth & Development for the Periods from 2019-20 to 2021-22
Authors: Singh Tanya , Singh Himanshi , Kaushik Paras , P Dr. Amalanathan
Published: October 2023

Abstract: Cross-border investment (CBI), sometimes referred to as foreign direct investment (FDI), has been a major contributor to India's economic expansion. India has emerged as one of the world's most alluring locations for foreign direct investment in recent years. India has a sizable and expanding domestic market, a highly skilled labour population, and an inviting investment environment, among other reasons for this. The influence of the CBI on India's growth and development between 2019–20 and 2021–22 is evaluated in this research study. The study looks at FDI inflow trends, the most popular industries for FDI, and the effects of CBI on a range of economic metrics, including GDP growth, inflation, and employment. The study concludes that between 2019–20 and 2021–2022, FDI inflows to India grew dramatically. Manufacturing, infrastructure, and services were the main industries that drew foreign direct investment. India's GDP growth, inflation, and employment all benefited from the CBI. The study comes to the conclusion that CBI is essential to India's capacity to continue developing its economy. India's government ought to keep enacting laws that draw in and keep international capital.
Los yukpa: un pueblo móvil doblemente confinado. COVID-19 y gobierno propio en la serranía de Perijá (resguardo Iroka, Cesar, Colombia)
Authors: Cano Correa Claudia , Platarrueda Vanegas Claudia Patricia , Portela García Sandra Carolina , Clavijo Franco Javier , Largo Sichacá Wilson , Nieves Alarcón Herlinda Luisa
Published: October 2023

En un trabajo de investigación colaborativa, abordamos las medidas de gobierno propio que el pueblo yukpa del territorio Iroka (serranía de Perijá, Colombia) adoptó para enfrentar la pandemia del COVID-19. La contingencia implicó para ellos un doble confinamiento: por un lado, las restricciones impuestas por las autoridades colombianas dirigidas a frenar los contagios y, por el otro, el producido por la disminución progresiva de sus tierras, los procesos de despojo, expulsiones y múltiples violencias de larga data sobre sus formas de vida. En este contexto de cambios, los yukpa tomaron acciones gubernamentales que vitalizaron sus conocimientos, proyectos y programas para afrontar de modo autónomo una emergencia que amenazaba aún más su pervivencia. El artículo muestra la fuerza organizativa de esta comunidad, dirigida a garantizar sus derechos y bienestar colectivo.
Public perception of the myth in traditional objects at the Buka Luwur ceremony of the Sunan Kudus tomb
Authors: Nikmah Faridhatun
Published: October 2023

This study aims to determine the process of the Buka Luwur ceremony of the Holy Sunan Tomb and the public's perception of objects in the Buka Luwur ceremony of the  Sunan Kudus tomb. This uses a qualitative method and describing data descriptively. The results of this study show that the procession of the Buka Luwurceremony of the tomb of Sunan Kudus is crossed on the 1st-10th of Muharam which is the recitation of the night of 1 Suro, the release of luwur, munadharah masail diniyah, Rosul prayers and papat flying, quranickhatamanbilghoib, orphan compensation, distribution of asyura porridge, recitation of qasidah Al-Barzanji, evening recitation of 10 Suro, distribution of brekat copies,  the division of the shadaqahbrekat, the division of the general brekat, and the ceremony of installing the luwur of the Holy Sunan Tomb. In the procession of the Buka Luwur ceremony of the Tomb of Sunan Kudus, there is public belief in objects that are believed to have magical powers, including water used for sharpening or purifying Cinthakakris, used cloth from BukaLuwur, cicada rice, and asyura porridge, teak leaves, and blessing rice. It is believed that the community can bring blessings, facilitate rizki, cure diseases, fertilize plants, predict clothing and food in the coming year, and so on.
Maneuvering between two interests: Islam and Indonesia’s global identity the Joko Widodo Administration in 2014-2019
Authors: Utomo Ario Bimo
Published: October 2023

This article discusses how the leadership of the first era of Indonesian President Joko Widodo (2014-2019) managed Islam as one aspect of his country’s identity in the global arena. The authors argue that two things influenced the image of Indonesian Islam in the Widodo era. First is the domestic pressure to reclaim the trust of Islamic political groups. Second is a global interest to maintain the status quo as a country with moderate Islamic characteristics that is also active in pursuing world peace. To do this, the authors use a two-level game point of view that sees the constellation of domestic politics and then relates it to how theWidodo government carries out its foreign diplomatic strategy. This article finds that the Widodo administration in the first era could balance the interests of creating an image of a friendly government to Islamic groups. On the other hand, it can also fulfil its commitment to engage in diplomacy as a middle power through strategies dominated by results oriented bilateralism.
Establishment and validation of new predictive model for immune tolerance stage of chronic HBV infection based on liver histopathological changes
Authors: Xing Tongjing , Li Wentao , Huang Rui , Wang Jian , Zhang Binhao , Wang1 Qiupeng , Feng Jiang
Published: October 2023

Objective To modify more accurate clinical and viral indicators
and establish the new model for differentiating the different stages of
chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection based on liver
histopathological changes. Methods The clinical and liver
pathology data of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients undergoing liver
biopsy were collected for retrospective analysis in the test and
validation group. The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver
operating characteristic (ROC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic value
for differentiating the different stages of chronic HBV infection.
Results A total of 118 patients and 73 patients who met the
diagnostic and exclusion criteria were selected as the test group and
validation group. Multivariate analysis showed that HBeAg independently
correlated with the IT and IC stages. The cutoff value of HBeAg used to
quantitatively differentiate between IT and IC was 1335 and the AUC was
0.921 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.836 to 0.971). A new prediction
model of IT stage was established by using three indicators including
HBeAg, HBsAg and HBV DNA. The AUC is 92.3% (95% CI: 86.4-98.2,
P<0.001) using this prediction model. The sensitivity and
specificity are 85.5% and 95.2%. Conclusions The high levels
of HBeAg rather than HBeAg positive might help to identify patients with
the “true” IT stage. A predictive model for immune tolerance stage are
established by combining three indicators. The new prediction model has
significantly reduced the error rate compared with others standards.
Experiment and simulation of groundwater salt transport based on different contact relations in heterogeneous soil layers
Authors: Lu Xiaohui , Hu Yushu , Yang Ziyang , Raouf Abdou , Song Mengen , Wang Lei
Published: October 2023

With the expansion of reserve cultivated land resources in coastal
saline-alkali areas, the problem of soil salinization is becoming more
and more prominent. In order to reveal the influence of soil media on
soil water movement, it is necessary to establish a good hydrological
model. In order to evaluate the performance of the two-domain Hydrus-3D
model in heterogeneous soil layer, the characteristics of water, salt
and wet-peak transport of surface soil and sand in the study area were
analyzed under horizontal contact and inclined contact. The measured
data show that the water in the surface soil gradually increases and
then stabilizes, and the water in the sand soil is similar to the normal
curve. The salt characteristics in the surface soil are similar to the
normal curve, while the salt characteristics in the sandy soil gradually
increase and then stabilize. This is consistent with the simulation
data. The results showed that the Hydrus-3D model had a good simulation
effect on the groundwater salt transport of heterogeneous soil under two
contact methods. The RMSE value and E value are close to 0 and 1
respectivelywhich indicates that it has good feasibility.
Deforestation Area Segmentation in Satellite Image from Multimodal Remote Sensing Data
Authors: Lee Dongoo , Choi Yeonju , Moon SungTae
Published: October 2023

Deforestation of the Amazon rainforest is approaching the worst in
history. To protect against deforestation, it is necessary to accurately
estimate the deforestation area. However, it is difficult to analyze
large areas without direct human access. In addition, even if
deforestation is estimated using satellite images, the presence of
extensive cloud cover during the rainy season makes it challenging to
obtain a clear view of the ground surface. In this paper, we propose a
segmentation method based on deep learning and post-processing to
predict the deforestation status in the Amazon rainforest area. To train
and predict the deforestation area, we utilize a multi-modal satellite
imagery dataset, including Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2, and Landsat 8. The
proposed approach achieves the highest performance in the official CVPR
MultiEarth Workshop 2023 challenge.
Acceptability of an innovative mutual health scheme in central Mali: research in mixed methods
Authors: Ridde Valéry , Boivin Pauline , Ravalihasy Andrainolo , Diarra Dansiné , Sissoko Fodé , Diabaté Seydou , Diarra Yacouba , Touré Laurence
Published: October 2023

As the Universal Health Insurance Plan (RAMU) is being implemented in
Mali, community-based health insurance (CBHI) — one of the pillars—
must innovate to meet the challenge of universal health coverage. An
experimental CBHI was tested in central Mali between 2017 and 2021. This
innovative CBHI professionalizes and organizes risk sharing on a larger
scale, moving from municipalities to circles (department). A
mixed-method study was carried out to assess the acceptability of this
innovation among elected representatives of CBHI offices. In April 2021,
118 questionnaires were administered, followed by 43 qualitative
interviews from the same sample in October 2021. Sekhon el al. (2017)
seven dimensions of acceptability was used as the conceptual model. More
than half of individuals (58%) reported above-average acceptability.
Elected officials feel well supported in their activities by the
Technical Union of Malian Mutuality (UTM), the umbrella organization of
CBHI. They show some confidence in their ability to perform their duties
effectively despite varying levels of commitment that often fall short
of expectations and needs, which they justify by their volunteer status.
Elected officials note that the system is very effective despite the
nonoptimal conditions linked to the prevailing insecurity.
Professionalization appears to be an unavoidable condition for the
performance of the innovation, as well as the new community assembly.
However, elected officials are concerned about the sustainability. The
UTM will play an important role in continuing its support and fulfilling
its functions as a delegated management organization within the
framework of the RAMU.
ROLE OF PARENTAL SMOKING AND ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE EXPOSURE IN CHILDHOOD CANCER: A STUDY USING HAIR COTININE ANALYSIS AND QUESTIONNAIRES
Authors: Guzel Adil , Tacyildiz Nurdan , Ates Filiz Bakar , Ozyoruk Derya , Celik Aybuke , Dincaslan Handan , Unal Emel Cabi
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVES In the etiology of childhood cancers, many genetic
and environmental factors play a role. One of these factors is cigarette
smoking and the main source of tobacco smoke exposure of children is
parental smoking. However, establishing a causal relationship between
parental smoking and childhood cancers has proven challenging due to
difficulties in accurately detecting tobacco smoke exposure
METHODS To address this issue, we used hair cotinine analysis
and a questionnaire to get information about tobacco smoke exposures of
pediatric cancer patients and healthy children. 104 pediatric cancer
patients and 99 healthy children participated in our study. Parental
smoking behaviours (pre-conceptional, during pregnancy and current
smoking) and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposures of children are
compared. RESULTS We have found no differences between two
groups by means of maternal smoking behaviours. However, the rates of
paternal pre-conceptional smoking and smoking during pregnancy were
significantly low in cancer patients (p<0,05). These data
suggests that social desirability bias among fathers of cancer patients
may have contributed to this discrepancy. According to questionnaire
cancer patients had significantly lower ETS exposures than healthy
children (p<0,05). However, ETS exposure assessment through
cotinine analysis demonstrated that cancer patients had higher exposure
to ETS compared to healthy children (p<0.001).
CONCLUSION Our findings provide evidence supporting the
potential role of smoking as a risk factor for childhood cancers. This
study also revealed that questionnaires could cause biases. We suggest
that cotinine analysis along with validated questionnaires can be used
to prevent biases in studies of tobacco smoke in the etiology of
childhood cancers.
Pollination deficits increase with urbanization in Chicago
Authors: Zink Alexandra , CaraDonna Paul , Larsen Kelly , Iller Amy
Published: October 2023

Urban growth is occurring rapidly, and the land use changes associated
with urbanization may have consequences for pollinators and the plants
that rely on them. There is both evidence that urban areas support
diverse pollinator communities and evidence that they degrade them. The
influence of urbanization on the pollination of urban plants is even
less understood. Urban agriculture relies on plant-pollinator
interactions for crop production, providing a relevant framework to
study pollination in an urban context. We therefore grew 240 plants
across six sites at varying levels of urbanization in Chicago, Illinois,
to investigate how urbanization relates to pollination in a generalized
pollination system in Cucurbita pepo (squash) and a more specialized
pollination system in the buzz-pollinated Solanum lycopersicum (tomato).
We used a pollen limitation experiment to test whether the reproduction
of plants at urban farms is pollen-limited and whether the magnitude of
pollen limitation varies with the extent of urbanization, quantified as
the percent of impervious surface surrounding each site. We also
examined how pollinator visitation rates vary with urbanization. In S.
lycopersicum but not C. pepo, the pollen addition treatment had a
consistent and significant positive effect on reproductive success,
indicating that plants of S. lycopersicum are pollen-limited in our
study area. The magnitude of this pollen limitation (the difference in
reproduction between paired control and pollen-supplemented plants)
increased with greater impervious surface. The limited evidence for
pollen limitation in the more generalized C. pepo suggests that plants
with more specialized pollination systems are subject to greater pollen
limitation in urban environments. Together, our results demonstrate that
urban plants are likely experiencing deficits in pollination services,
in ways that increase with the level of urbanization in the surrounding
area but vary with the type of pollination system.
Drivers of Cloud Condensation Nuclei in the Eastern North Atlantic
Authors: Ghate Virendra Prakash , surleta thomas e , Ronen Leehi Magaritz , Raveh-Rubin Shira , Gallo Francesca , Carlton Annmarie G. , Azevedo Eduardo B
Published: October 2023

Seven years of data collected at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement
(ARM)’s Eastern North Atlantic (ENA) site are analyzed to understand the
controls of Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN) concentrations in the
region. Day-night differences in the aerosol data as segregated by wind
direction demonstrated the aerosol observations to be impacted by local
emissions when the wind direction (wdir) is between 90° and 310°
(measured clockwise from the North where air is coming from). Data
collected during marine conditions (wdir<90° or
wdir>310°) showed the CCN concentrations to be higher in
the summer months as compared to the winter months. CCN budget analysis
revealed advection and precipitation scavenging being primarily
responsible for modulating the CCN concentrations at the site on monthly
timescales, with rain rates driving the precipitation scavenging term.
High (greater than 75th percentile) and low (lower than 25th percentile)
CCN events were identified for each month to characterize the
sub-monthly variability of CCN concentrations. Low CCN events had deeper
clouds, stronger rain rates, and lower free-tropospheric aerosol mass at
the ENA site as compared to the high CCN events. Analysis of satellite
data of air-parcels 48 hours prior to their arrival at the ENA site
demonstrated the air parcels during low CCN events to encounter higher
cloudiness, stronger rain rates, and higher cloud top heights as
compared to the high CCN events. The results presented herein provide
key constraints for model evaluation studies and climatological studies
conducted at the ENA site.
Late Middle Pleistocene Tectonic Inversion in the Mazarron Graben (Betic Cordillera, SE Iberia)
Authors: Insua-Arevalo Juan Miguel , García-Mayordomo Julián , Sánchez-Roldán José Luis , Gómez-Novell Octavi , Baize Stéphane , Jomard Hervé , Martínez-Díaz José J. , Canora-Catalán Carolina , Herrero-Barbero Paula , Banda Raquel Martín , Medialdea Alicia , Masana Eulàlia
Published: October 2023

The Carrascoy and Palomares faults are two major active faults of the
Eastern Betic Shear Zone (SE Iberia), both controlling conspicuous
mountain fronts. However, the area in between both faults, corresponding
to the Mazarron Graben (MG), is a nearly flat plain bounded by a relief
of smooth hills whose tectonic origin and evolution remains uncertain.
By means of a morphotectonic analysis, geophysical survey and
paleoseismological trenching we point out that this is area of
distributed deformation controlled by folds of variable amplitude
nucleated in high angle reverse faults with sinistral component without
a well-defined deformation front. The MG developed a marine basin during
the Upper Miocene evolving into an alluvial environment with calcrete
pedogenic development through the Pleistocene, which formed a tableland
landscape that favors the identification of tectonic structures. In this
study we demonstrate how some of the ancient normal faults controlling
the graben were reactivated as reverse during the late Middle
Pleistocene within a regional frame of positive tectonic inversion. Such
inversion is evidenced by several emblematic structures: (i) presence of
harpoon folding, and (ii) newly formed high angle reverse faults, which
dips increase and ruptures become younger backwards on the hanging wall.
Based on the timing of the observed deformation, we also suggest that
the onset of the regional tectonic inversion might be related to the
tectonic evolution of the neighboring Carrascoy and Palomares faults,
producing a local stress tensor varying dramatically from extension to
compression within the neotectonic period in a regional convergence
tectonic frame.
Study on Seepage for Random Packed Porous Media Using the Lattice Boltzmann Method
Authors: zhang jinfeng , Li Zhongyue , Liu Guangwei , Zhang Qinghe
Published: October 2023

The permeability coefficient of seepage is an important factor that is
widely used in various engineering fields. There are numerous issues
that influence the permeability coefficient, among which the porosity,
particle size, particle size distribution and Reynolds number are of
great importance. In this paper, a C++ code based on the
three-dimensional lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) was developed and used
to investigate the effects of the abovementioned factors on the
permeability coefficient. A multiple relaxation time (MRT) collision
scheme of the LB equations was used in the simulation. Porous media were
prepared using the random packing method. Laminar flow and turbulent
flow were simulated separately for particle Reynolds numbers in a range
from 0.001 to 3,000. It was proven that in addition to the influence of
porosity and particle size distribution on the permeability, the
influence of the Reynolds number was obvious and could not be ignored.
As the Reynolds number increased, the permeability of porous media
decreased gradually. Based on the numerical simulation results, a
modified formula for the permeability coefficient is proposed.