bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DECIPHERING HEALTH INSIGHTS: INVESTIGATING METABOLOME INTERACTIONS FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Harsha Kathi Sri , Nandhala Mythri ,   Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Sai Rithika Pilli Veda Naga ,   Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Nagabhatla Suvarna ,   Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Prasad Reddy Poreddy Guru ,   Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Sai Gangaraju Pavan ,   Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Sri Gontu Veda ,   Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Priya Amarthaluri Santhi ,   Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateshwara College of Pharmacy, Madhapur, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Published: January 2024

Metabolic regulations form the intricate web of diverse pathways within the human body, orchestrating the execution of vital physiological and biological processes. This study explores the potential of therapeutic interventions through the manipulation of novel metabolic pathways, showcasing the emerging field of metabolic engineering.Metabolic regulations encompass the diverse and numerous metabolic pathways within the human body. The interplay of these pathways is crucial for the proper execution of various physiological and biological processes. Addressing the challenges posed by diseases, the manipulation of novel metabolic pathways highlights the potential of metabolic engineering in therapeutic interventions. A comprehensive grasp of metabolic functions in the human body can be gleaned through simulated yeast models. These models provide insight into the intricate interactions among molecular metabolomes, shedding light on their complexity.By providing a comprehensive grasp of these interactions, simulated yeast models serve as invaluable tools for researchers seeking to decipher the intricacies of metabolic regulationsThe article concludes by highlighting the broader implications of this knowledge in advancing our comprehension of metabolic processes and its transformative potential in addressing various health conditions.
TO ASSESS THE ROLE OF RANDOM BLOOD SUGAR IN MONITORING OF PATIENTS DEVELOPING MUCORMYCOSIS
Authors: Manoj Srivastava Anurag , Prakash Pragya , Jhawar Manan , Rattan Munjal Vishal
Published: January 2024

Introduction:Rhinoorbital Cerebral mucormycosis caused by fungi of family mucoracea is seen in covid era.Patients at risk for fatal illness is sharply rising because of increased incidence of diabetes. To identify its association and further stop the onset or progression of mucormycosis, we evaluated Random Blood Sugar (RBS) levels in patients who had developed the disease in this study. Materials and Methods:A total of 63 patients who developed Mucormycosis between April 2021 to October 2021 and enrolled in the department of ENT, SAMC and PGI Indore. We evaluated role of Blood sugars in patients developing Mucormycosis and identified the improvement in recovery of Mucormycosis patients after sugar monitoring and early management. Result: Total 63 patients were reviewed against the guidelines for sugar levels set by American Diabetes Association. There was mortality in 10 out of 63 patients (15.87%).All of these patients were from the group of DM with Uncontrolled sugars. There was uneventful transfer from our side to medical side for medical management in 53 out of 63 patients. Conclusion:The study highlights correcting the practice of monitoring blood sugar and its management. Early diagnosis, Early monitoring and Early Management is the key to better prognosis.
RECURRENCE OF TRICHILEMMAL CYSTS ON THE SCALP: A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Department of Surgery, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia., Alsuwaydani Saleh , Alsaegh Shouq ,   Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia., Alsuraykh Lubna ,   Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia., Al Matroudi Ghadi ,   Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia.
Published: January 2024

Background: Trichilemmal cysts, benign lesions originating from the outer root sheath of hair follicles, commonly present as asymptomatic nodules on the scalp. Despite their typically non-threatening nature, cases of recurrence and familial clustering underscore the need for a comprehensive understanding of their clinical course and potential genetic influences. Case Presentation: We present a 44-year-old male with a lifelong history of trichilemmal cysts who sought surgical intervention due to discomfort caused by cyst formation on the scalp. Over a 15-year period, three cysts were surgically removed, with one inadvertently missing, leading to its progressive enlargement and the emergence of new cysts over the subsequent eight years. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple well-defined cystic lesions with distinct margins, consistent with trichilemmal cysts. A second surgical procedure successfully excised all cysts, confirming the diagnosis through histopathological examination. Conclusion: The presented case highlights the challenges in managing recurrent trichilemmal cysts and emphasizes the importance of comprehensive surgical intervention. The benign nature of the lesions was reaffirmed through negative histopathological findings for dysplasia or malignancy. The family history of similar cystic formations raises intriguing questions about potential genetic predispositions and shared environmental factors. This case contributes valuable insights into the clinical dynamics of trichilemmal cysts and prompts further exploration into their genetic underpinnings.
Challenges and opportunities in healthcare reforms in pre- and post-COVID-19 crisis: A case of Jordan
Authors: Alotaiby Rana , Krenyácz Éva
Published: January 2024

The COVID-19 crisis presented devastating effects on global healthcare, and Jordan was no exception. During such unforeseen challenges, attention shifts to healthcare leadership and management. However, limited research explored the leadership adjustment in Jordanian hospitals during the pandemic. Therefore, this study examined the challenges and opportunities that arose alongside the outbreak of the pandemic in Jordanian hospitals from the leaders’ perspectives. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with healthcare managers in three Jordanian hospitals, focusing on three key areas: healthcare reform integration, the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on hospital performance and healthcare quality, and management practices to handle the pandemic. Interviews were transcribed and thematically analyzed. Eleven hospital managers in seven administrative positions were involved. Three thematic outcomes were noted regarding the integration of healthcare reforms into the Jordanian healthcare system: sources of reforms, challenges of reform integration, and timely integration of the reforms. Positive impacts of the crisis on the Jordanian hospitals’ performance and quality of healthcare service delivery, which are considered opportunities, resulted in three thematic outcomes: infection control protocol, staff education, and patient management. On the other hand, three thematic concepts emerged as challenges of the COVID-19 crisis: workload, stress and fatigue, and staff shortages. Lastly, this study noted three thematic outcomes regarding management practices adopted by the Jordanian healthcare systems to deal with the pandemic: staff training, monitoring, and social support.
Malaria Transmission and Home-based Preventive Practices Amongst Women of Reproductive Age in South-South Nigeria
Authors: Friday Osagiede Emmanuel , Oyibo Patrick , Tracy Osagiede Ese
Published: January 2024

Malaria infection accounts for over 60% of outpatient visits to healthcare facilities, 30% of child fatalities, 25% of infant deaths, and 11% of maternal mortality in Nigeria. Notably, in Nigeria, children under five years of age and pregnant women are especially vulnerable to malaria-related illnesses and death. The study, therefore, seeks to assess the knowledge of malaria disease, transmission, and use of home-based prevention strategies amongst women of reproductive age group. A cross-sectional study design was employed to assess the knowledge of malaria transmission and home-based preventive practices amongst a multistage sample of 379 women of reproductive age seeking healthcare services at the public PHC facilities in South-South, Nigeria. Data was collected using an interviewer-administered semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential analyses of data collected were carried out using the IBM SPSS version 20 software. The mean age of the respondents surveyed in this study was 32.2 (SD ± 6.9) years. Most respondents [88.4% (n = 335)] had good knowledge of malaria transmission and prevention; however, the majority were not knowledgeable about the period mosquitoes commonly enter the house (71.5%) and the peak mosquito biting period (63.1%). There were varied degrees of practice of the various malaria home-based prevention strategies. In conclusion, a significant proportion of the surveyed reproductive-age women had some grasp on the fundamental issues of malaria transmission and prevention with some identified gaps, and they used different home-based malaria prevention measures at varied degrees. Keywords: Home-based malaria preventive practices, Knowledge, Malaria transmission and prevention, Primary healthcare, Reproductive age women, South-South Nigeria.
An Assessment of Knowledge of Health Workers in Hospitals of Southern Province of Zambia, towards Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes Regulations
Authors: Muleya Siafwa Sikazwe Chipo
Published: January 2024

Background: Optimal breastfeeding practices have been undermined by unregulated marketing of breastmilk substitutes worldwide, resulting in about 820, 000 preventable deaths per year among children under five years globally. The International Code (thereafter called the Code) of Marketing breastmilk substitutes was developed by the World Health Organization, the United Nations Children's Emergency Fund, and stakeholders to protect, promote and support breastfeeding. Member states are expected to domesticate the Code. Zambia enacted Statutory Instrument No. 48 of 2006, Regulations on marketing of breastmilk substitutes. Successful implementation calls for a good level of knowledge among health workers. However, we found no study, in Zambia on marketing of breastmilk substitutes Regulations. Objective: To assess the level of knowledge of health workers on Zambia’s Regulations on marketing breastmilk substitutes. Study design and methods: A mixed-method cross-sectional study. Data was collected online and in person. Probability proportional to size calculation yielded an estimated sample size of 384. A sample size of 410 after adjusting upwards assumed non-response rate, 401 participants responded. Quantitative data were analyzed using the Social Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Knowledge results were described by frequencies and percentages. Tests were conducted using univariable linear and multivariable regression analysis. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Thematic analysis was used for qualitative data analysis. Results: The mean overall level of good knowledge of health workers was 0.339 or 34% [SE: 0.0221; 95%CI: (0.2959, 0.3828)]. Conclusion: The level of knowledge among health workers in hospitals of Southern Province, Zambia was poor. Keywords: Breastmilk substitute Regulations, Health worker, Knowledge.
One Pot Synthesis of Colloidal Zirconium Nanoparticles using Orthosiphon Stamineus Leaf Extract for Potential Bone Tissue Engineering Applications
Authors: Priya Veeraraghavan Vishnu , Sabu Abraham , Sankaran Kavitha , Rengasamy Gayathri
Published: January 2024

Zirconium (ZrO2) is a metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) possessing antimicrobial, antifungal, antioxidant, biosensing, biocompatibility, and anticancer activities. Due to their unique properties, ZrNPs can be used for multiple biomedical applications. Orthosiphon stamineus (OS) is a perennial medicinal herb with potent bioactive constituents. Traditionally, it was used in treating rheumatism, epilepsy, jaundice, hepatitis, etc, Hence OS could be used as a capping agent for synthesizing ZrO2NPs. The current study aimed to synthesize ZrO2NPs using a green source like Orthosiphon stamineus(OS) leaves extract and characterized using UV spectrophotometry, FTIR, SEM, EDX, and their biocompatibility was tested using Annexin V apoptosis assay. Milky precipitation formed, followed by the addition of OS extract to the aqueous solution of Zirconium oxychloride Octahydrate, revealed the formation of ZrO2NPs was further confirmed by the maximum absorbance at 296 nm in the UV-Vis spectrum. The peaks in the fingerprint region of FTIR revealed the presence of the functional groups of the phytoconstituents, confirming the capping. Apoptosis assay revealing the strong biocompatibility of ZrO2NPs towards peripheral blood mononuclear cells with 77.64% cell viability. From the apoptosis assay, it was evident that ZrO2NPs are less cytotoxic, indicating their applicability for medicinal applications. However further studies are required to validate its actions on bone tissue engineering. Keywords: Green synthesis, Leaf extract, Nanoparticles, Cytotoxicity.
An assembled hot wire anemometer design
Authors: Yao Xingxing , Shen Fanhao , Zheng Yuan , Xiao Ting
Published: January 2024

The hot wire anemometer is a widely utilized device in laboratory settings for measuring air speed. This paper investigates the relationship between air speed and hot wire temperature across various air speed ranges, employing the theory of thermal equilibrium. We designed a measurement circuit and hot wire shape based on the hot wire anemometer principle, and validated the linear relationship between current and temperature at different air speeds within an adjustable air speed field. The measured current serves as a representative of air speed. Experimental validation of the designed hot wire anemometer demonstrates accurate measurement results that align with theoretical values across different air speed ranges. Finally, we determined the sensitivity of the anemometer in various measurement ranges, considering the instrument's uncertainty and measurement formula.
Gear error control and response of electric vehicle transmission gearing based on gear trimming
Authors: Zhao Linlin , Zhou Zhongwang , Wu Tao
Published: January 2024

The lightweight development of electric vehicle motors is a prominent future trend, with the challenge of transmission vibration and noise acting as a key bottleneck that limits the enhancement of power and speed in electric vehicle drive systems. The noise generated by electric vehicle transmissions is primarily associated with the transmission system and gear structure. In line with this, the present study proposes an analysis of transmission error and response mechanisms through gear modifications. The research delves into the analysis of gear deformation and error generation characteristics. It further investigates methods for parametric equation modeling, tooth profile modification, deformation imprint analysis, and vibration response modeling to examine excitation response analysis and noise reduction techniques pertaining to transmission errors. The findings demonstrate that, under 40 % torque, the shaped gear exhibited a maximum reduction in transmission error of 34.2 %, resulting in an overall error improvement of over 5.7 %. Moreover, the maximum error difference after tooth profile and tooth direction shaping exceeded 2 %. The gear-shaping-based electric vehicle transmission showcased favorable economic and technical performance, while its excitation response mechanism provided valuable guidance for mass production. Overall, these results highlight the significance of analyzing transmission errors through gear modifications in achieving lightweight electric vehicle motors. By addressing transmission vibration and noise issues, this research contributes to overcoming limitations and promoting advancements in power and speed within electric vehicle drive systems.
Resenha do livro: Execution: The Discipline of Getting Things Done. Bossidy, Larry.; & Charan, Ram (2002). Crown Business, 320 páginas, ISBN: 978-0609610572.
Authors: Sena Thiago Rios , Palmeira Anna Beatriz Vieira
Published: January 2024

Essa resenha tem como objetivo realizar uma análise dos principais pontos expostos no livro “Execution: The Discipline of Getting Things Done” dos autores Larry Bossidy e Ram Charan, lançado no ano de 2002 pela editora Crown Business.
Explanatory factors of the financial condition in the municipalities of Minas Gerais
Authors: Ferreira Hugo Lucindo , Resende Leandro Lima , Barbosa Neto João Estevão , Cunha Jacqueline Veneroso Alves da , Avelino Bruna Camargos
Published: January 2024

Purpose: Identify the explanatory factors of the financial condition of small municipalities in Minas Gerais.

Methodology: From the perspective of the Theory of Financial Condition, the research was carried out in two stages: first, the financial condition of the municipalities was calculated using Brown's (1993) model; next, the financial variables capable of influencing the financial condition of the municipalities in the sample were identified. To do this, accounting information was collected in the period 2017-2020, from 229 municipalities in the state of Minas Gerais that had a population of less than 5 thousand inhabitants in 2020. An econometric model with panel data was used for the analysis of the relations.

Results: The variables Personnel Expenditure (GP) and Degree of Indebtedness (GE) were significant at a 1% level, with GP being positively related and GE negatively related to the government's financial condition. Therefore, the results prove the existence of financial factors related to budget solvency and long-term solvency that affect the financial condition of small municipalities.

Contributions of the Study: The research contributes to the literature on the explanatory factors of the financial condition by analyzing small municipalities, using a model consolidated in the international literature, especially amid the discussion of PEC 188/2019, on the merger of these municipalities. In addition, it can help public managers in decision-making, by pointing out the explanatory factors that explain the municipality’s financial condition.
Sobre la clasificación, distribución y variación de Concholepas concholepas (Bruguiere, 1789): un estudio de taxonomía beta.
Authors: Stuardo J.
Published: January 2024

La importancia de la sistemática en el estudio de los organismos vivos y sus interrelaciones, es preocupación permanente de un grupo de biólogos y evolucionistas que consideran la exacta identificación de las especies más necesaria que nunca, dado el aumento considerable del conocimiento de los organismos y la Importancia de llevar a cabo interpretaciones y estimaciones precisas del mundo biológico (Mayr, 1969: Carriker, 1976; Lee, 1978). En el caso de una especie tan particular y conocida como es Concholepas concholepas, la cantidad de información publicada es, a menudo, muy superior a la considerada tradicionalmente en los trabajos taxonómicos de corte tradicional, en los que las referencias discutidas corresponden a citas de nuevas localidades, sinonimias y problemas nomenclaturales. Ellos excluyen toda información estrictamente biológica de mayor valor en la interpretación de problemas sistemáticos y necesarios en un análisis taxonómico actualizado. Así ocurre con C. concholepas ya que trabajos anatómicos como los de Hallcr (1888), Maldonado et al. (1965) o las descripciones radulares de Troschel (1866) y Cooke (1919) no han sido jamás considerados.Información sobre reproducción, comportamiento y dinámica de poblaciones se incorpora en este trabajo a la sinonimia de esta especie.
Conocimiento científico actual sobre reproducción y desarrollo de Concholepas concholepas (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Muricidae)
Authors: Ramorino M. Luis
Published: January 2024

Este trabajo resume y analiza críticamente algunos aspectos de la biología reproductiva de Concholepas concholepas, publicados hasta diciembre de 1977. Los aspectos analizados son: aparato reproductor, primera madurez gonádica, estadios de las gónadas y de otros componentes del aparato reproductor, cópula y fertilización, postura, ciclo reproductivo, desarrollo embrionario y larval. Entre estos temas, el mayor énfasis se ha dado a los estadios gonadales, ciclo reproductivo y al desarrollo embrionario y larval.
Una estimación de clases anuales y crecimiento relativo en muestras de dos poblaciones de Concholepas concholepas (Bruguiére. 1789)
Authors: Acuña Enzo , Stuardo José
Published: January 2024

Se estudia un total de 247 ejemplares colectados en los requerios de Montemar en Agosto-Septiembre de 1975 (100); Tumbes, Talcahuano Octubre 1967 (105) y Montemar en Noviembre 1977 (42). Las frecuencias de tamaños (largo de la concha y opérculo) sugieren la existencia de 4 clases anuales. Asumiendo que los valores promedios de crecimiento mensual máximo y mínimo determinados en poblaciones de esta especie del área de Caleta Leandro, Talcahuano y Punta Saliente, Coquimbo fueran equivalentes al crecimiento de juveniles y adultos de otras poblaciones naturales, se obtiene un ritmo de crecimiento anual comparable al obtenido en el análisis gráfico de las muestras de Montemar. El crecimiento del opérculo es paralelo al de la concha,sin cmbargo,sus "anillos” no permiten precisar edad. En un Apéndice se comparan las ecuaciones obtenidas en algunas relaciones biométricas de C. concholepas y C. concholepas fernandezianus.
Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections and Related Sexual Behaviour among Pregnant Women 18-49 years Old Attending Antenatal Clinic at a Primary Health Care in Maseru, Lesotho
Authors: Xavier Lwamba Nyembo , Mokgatle Mathildah M , Oguntibeju Oluwafemi O.
Published: January 2024

Background:

The prevalence of STIs among pregnant women attending Antenatal care (ANCs) clinics in Maseru remains unknown. Therefore, there is a need to determine the prevalence of STIs among pregnant women attending ANC in Maseru and to assess their sexual behaviour.

Methodology:

A quantitative cross-sectional survey methodology using medical records and patient surveys were conducted. Firstly, the records of pregnant women attending ANC at three clinics-Queen Elizabeth, Seventh Day Adventist, and Thamae clinic from March to May 2021 were used to determine the prevalence of STIs, including HIV. A count of all records with an STI diagnosis and syndromic management regimen over three months was performed. Prevalence was determined by calculating the quotient of STI-positive records over all the records for three months. Secondly, a cross-sectional descriptive study of the same pregnant women was used to assess their sexual behaviors. Both the patient record for STI data and the questionnaires for sexual behaviors were included. Overall, 405 pregnant women were investigated at the three clinics in Maseru, Lesotho.

Results:

The prevalence of STIs including HIV in the three clinics over the three month period was found to be high. The prevalence of STIs in the Seventh Day Adventist clinic was the highest of the three clinics. The prevalence varied across three months with cumulative prevalence of 17.0%, 8.7%, and 9.7% respectively. The overall cumulative and comparative prevalence in the three months and in the three clinics was 12.2% for STIs against 29.0% for HIV. There was low uptake of STI treatment, inconsistent use of condoms, and the practice of having multiple sexual partners among pregnant women.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of STIs including HIV in the three clinics was found to be high. The inconsistent use of condoms and the practice of having multiple sexual partners were found to be the main predictors of STI and HIV acquisition among pregnant women in these three clinics.
Effect of Solution-focused Counseling on Depression and Quality of Life in Women under Mastectomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Pirzadi Leila , Vakilian Katayon , Azar Fereshteh Farzan , Norouzi Effat
Published: January 2024

Objective:

This study was conducted with the objective of determining whether solution-focused counseling reduces depression and increases the quality of life in breast cancer women.

Methods:

This study was a parallel randomized clinical trial on mastectomy women. A total of 100 volunteer participants completed the Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) depression inventory and the WHO Quality of Life-Brief (WHOQOL- BREF) questionnaire. Fifty-six participants who scored less than the cut-off point in two questionnaires were randomly placed in two intervention and control groups. The participants in the intervention group received the solution-focused counseling method for six sessions (once a week). The control group received routine care. Then both groups filled out the questionnaires again. The results were analyzed by SPSS 22 using independent t-test, chi-square, Fisher’s exact, and ANOVA repeated measurement tests.

Results:

The results indicated that the post-intervention depression score in the intervention group decreased after adjusting the variables compared to the control group (p-value=0.001). Moreover, it was revealed that solution-focused counseling increased the post-intervention quality of life after adjusting variables compared to the control group (p=0.001).

Conclusion:

The results of the present study showed that solution-focused counseling improved mood and quality of life. Therefore, it is necessary for midwives/nurses to provide counseling approaches for depression patients to help them pass the treatment process of cancer and have better psychological and physical health by improving their quality of life.
Anxiety over the Spread of COVID-19 and its related Factors among Older Adults in Bangkok
Authors: Panya Chuleegorn , Sarachan Anongnut , Faksook Ekkalak
Published: January 2024

Background:

Older adults are the population most at risk of death from the outbreak of COVID-19. Promotion of health literacy and COVID-19 prevention behavior among older adults is needed to lessen their anxiety.

Objective:

To analyze the relationships among age, health literacy, health behavior, and anxiety over the spread of COVID-19 among older adults in Bangkok.

Methods:

The participants were 480 male and female Thai older adults aged 60 and over who lived in Bangkok as listed in the household registration. A multi-stage sampling was used to select the participants. The research tools were interview forms covering data about personal information, health literacy, and health behavior. The research period was from September to November 2022. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis through an SPSS (version 24)

Results:

Older adults in Bangkok had a high level of anxiety over the spread of COVID-19 ( = 16.02, SD = 5.22). Health literacy (r =−0.220) and health behavior (r =−0.390) were associated with the anxiety of older adults at a statistical significance level of 0.05 and could significantly predict 16.5% of older adults’ anxiety.

Conclusion:

A holistic system or approach should be established to promote older adults’ access to health services and enhance their health literacy in preventing COVID-19. This will make them have appropriate health behavior, be able to prevent the disease continuously, and have less anxiety during the COVID-19 outbreak.
An Updated Review of Nicotine in Gastrointestinal Diseases
Authors: Wal Pranay , Aziz Namra , Patel Aman , Wal Ankita
Published: January 2024

Background:

Nicotine addiction is a major risk for the population all over the world. Many gastrointestinal diseases are caused due to nicotine addiction, like peptic ulcers, inflammatory bowel diseases, and gastrointestinal cancer. Nicotine causes variations in the offensive and defensive factors, which are involved in gastrointestinal mechanisms.

Objective:

We aim to provide insights into nicotine activity in gastrointestinal disorders and cancer.

Methods:

Extensive literature was done using the keywords “Nicotine,” “Nicotine addiction,” “GI disorders,” “Peptic ulcer,” “Inflammatory bowel diseases,” and “Gastrointestinal cancer” from standard databases like PubMed, Scopus, Elsevier, and Science Direct.

Conclusion:

Thus, we may conclude that addiction to nicotine in peptic ulcers causes an increase of offensive factors and a decrease of defensive factors, and in gastrointestinal cancers, causes an increase in angiogenesis, metastasis, and proliferation and decrease in apoptosis in ulcerative colitis. It is used as treatment but worsens the condition of Crohn’s disease.
The Post-pandemic Prevalence of Refractive Errors among Elementary School Children in Jakarta
Authors: Darusman Kianti Raisa , Basrowi Ray Wagiu , Wilar Yitro , Hartono Immanuela , Moeloek Nila F.
Published: January 2024

Purpose:

To evaluate the prevalence of refractive errors among elementary school-aged children in Jakarta, particularly in post-pandemic situations.

Aim:

A cross-sectional study was conducted on 284 children in grades 4th to 6th in two elementary schools in Jakarta.

Methods:

Ophthalmological examination consisted of uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) examination by trained teachers using a modified and simplified Snellen chart, followed by a slit lamp examination for anterior and posterior segment evaluation and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) examination using auto-refractometer and subjective refraction using a full Snellen chart. Demographic data were obtained via anamnesis and pre-questionnaire from the school database. Correlation between variables, the prevalence of refractive errors and characteristic demographics were analyzed through bivariate or multivariate analysis.

Results:

From a total of 284 children, 9 of the total screened children (4%) were already corrected with eyeglasses. However, the refractive screening result showed that 111 subjects (40%) were diagnosed with ametropic conditions, either with myopia and/or astigmatism. Further bivariate analysis to explore the correlation between the prevalence and subject characteristic shows that there was no statistical correlation between school grade and age of subjects toward ametropic diagnosis, even though the majority of the subjects diagnosed with ametropia were populated in younger aged children (less than 12 years old), which was as high as 62% of the total ametropic subjects, therefore clinically correlated.

Conclusion

The significantly increasing prevalence number of refractive errors post-pandemic among elementary school-aged children in Jakarta proved the worrying impact of excessive use of gadgets, online schooling and lack of outdoor activities during the last three years of social restriction in Indonesia. This high prevalence of refractive errors (generally more than 30%) was considered a public health problem. Therefore, these results will encourage the government and healthcare providers to mitigate and accelerate the screening, prevention and treatment of refractive errors in children, in a way to reduce the potential risks of future health, social, and economic problems.
O debate sobre espiritualidade e “accommodatio” na missão jesuíta no Japão (sec. XVI). Algumas reflexões.
Authors: Correia Pedro Lage
Published: January 2024

This article aims to reflect on some aspects of the strategy of accommodation, commonly known as accommodatio, of the Society of Jesus in Asia and, in particular, in Japan. The logic of behavior integrated into Japanese socio-cultural patterns is systematized by the Visitor Alessandro Valignano during his first stay in Japan (1579-1582). The discomfort felt by these adaptive activities is not generalized, but is recurrent in several missionaries. This text seeks to analyze some of these reactions, integrating the debate into a broader context associated with the identity and cohesion of the Society of Jesus. In this context, we highlight the thought and action of General Claudio Acquaviva and the existence of a more reserved posture in processes of adaptation, evaluating rhythms and experiences of spirituality in missionary spaces.
Divas no convento? Cantoras e organistas no Convento de Santa Clara do Porto (séc. XVIII)
Authors: Sánchez Rosa
Published: January 2024

This article is a partial and preliminary result, which arises following a research project dedicated to the study of musical practices in female convents in northern Portugal between the 16th and 19th centuries. In this particular case, several aspects related to the musical activity of the nuns of the convent of Santa Clara do Porto are addressed, where singers and organists received rewards of different content for their musical performance, which aimed to enhance the celebrations of the liturgical calendar.
The Alternative Livelihood Practices Engaged by Artisanal Fishers for Household Improvements in Zanzibar Islands
Authors: Ali Subira , Bilame Odass , Ngusa Deborah Andrew
Published: January 2024

This paper outlines the alternative livelihood practices used by artisanal fishers for household improvement in five Zanzibar Islands fishing villages: Kizimkazi Dimbani, Chwaka, Unguja Ukuu Kaepwani, Tumbe Mashariki, and Michenzani. The cross-sectional research design was used to collect quantitative data via a questionnaire survey and qualitative data via Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and key informant interviews. Data were collected from a sample of 333 artisanal fishers drawn from the 1991 population using the Yamane formula. According to the findings of the study, approximately half of the artisanal fishers (53.45%) did not engage in any alternative livelihood practice to support the livelihood of their households and instead relied solely on artisanal fisheries. (23.12%) of the artisanal fishers were farmers, (9.91%) were seaweed farmers, and (5.41% were animal keepers. A small percentage of artisanal fishers (8.11%) engage in petty trade, tourism, and dagaa processing for sale. It is therefore recommended that the respective government, in collaboration with other fisheries stakeholders, establish the sustainability of alternative livelihood opportunities for artisanal fisher communities in order to improve their household livelihoods by diversifying their household survival and reducing the challenge of overexploitation of fishery resources.
PARTNERSHIP MANAGEMENT AND POTATO COMPETITIVENESS IN BENER MERIAH DISTRICT, ACEH PROVINCE
Authors:   Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Malikussaleh, Indonesia, Nurmala Nurmala , Sullaida Sullaida ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Malikussaleh, Indonesia, Zahara Hafni ,   Faculty of Agricultural, Universitas Universitas Malikussaleh, Indonesia, Jamilah Jamilah ,   Faculty of Agricultural, Universitas Universitas Malikussaleh, Indonesia, Saputra Jumadil ,   Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Development Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Malaysia
Published: January 2024

The research aims to identify supply chain partnerships and analyze potato competitiveness. The research location is in Bener Meriah Regency, Aceh Province. Supply chain partnership management is studied using qualitative and quantitative descriptive approaches. Potato competitiveness was analyzed using the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) approach. The research results show that potato farming is quite profitable for farmers and has competitiveness as a superior product. Potato farming partnerships are carried out by farmers at the level of seed procurement and farming costs with a profit-sharing system or general trading pattern through farming capital loans with the condition that farmers must sell potatoes to traders at below-market prices. Potato farming in Bener Meriah Regency has comparative advantages and competitive advantages. It is worthy of development based on the acquisition of PCR and DRCR, both of which have a value of more than one. Potato farming has good prospects for intensive development to increase the competitiveness of potatoes through synergistic partnership programs with downstream business players, considering the high market demand for potatoes and processed potato products.
THE EFFECT OF INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT TOWARD ENTREPRENEURIAL MARKETING AND ITS IMPACT ON CULINARY SMES' PERFORMANCE
Authors:   Faculty of Economics and Business, Tadulako University, Indonesia, Zahara Zakiyah , Muslimin Muslimin ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Tadulako University, Indonesia, Rambasae Cikal ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Tadulako University, Indonesia
Published: January 2024

SMEs necessitate effective marketing approaches and strategies to augment their marketing performance. Entrepreneurial marketing functions as an alternative to appropriate marketing management in order to portray the current state of SMEs. The aim of this investigation is to scrutinize the influence of the institutional environment on marketing performance, with entrepreneurial marketing serving as a mediating factor. Scholars executed a descriptive-causal examination, accumulating data from 100 participants who were selected from a pool of 5,830 SMEs in Palu City, Indonesia. The process of data collection was conducted through online and offline methods, employing questionnaires and Google Forms. Subsequently, the gathered data was assessed employing the Smart-PLS software and a structural equation model. The discoveries divulge that all hypotheses, encompassing both direct and indirect impacts, were accepted, apart from the association between the institutional environment and marketing performance, which was refuted. This study emphasizes the pivotal role of the institutional environment in shaping the circumstances of entrepreneurial marketing and amplifying the marketing performance of SMEs.
Across Cultures, Across Languages. Interconnectivity in the Late Bronze Age Ugarit
Authors: Jana Mynářová
Published: January 2024

The spread of cuneiform writing and associated linguistic and literary traditions represents one of the key moments in the cultural history of the ancient Near East. This complex and multilayered process can indisputable be considered an excellent example of cultural transfer. Its long duration and the state of preservation of the sources allow us to follow this process in its entirety, but also to focus on specific details. The aim of this article is to identify the importance of cultural transfer in the Akkadian texts of Ugarit, more specifically with respect to the origins of the phrase “according to the loyalty of someone’s heart”.
Simulation on the Breakthrough Curve During CO2 Adsorption from Biogas in a Fixed Bed Column
Authors: Kindi Hablinur Al , Tambunan Armansyah Halomoan , Hartulistiyoso Edy , Salundik Salundik , Sutoyo Edi , Sutisna Setya Permana
Published: January 2024

Separation of CO2 gas from the biogas can be accomplished by adsorption process. An adsorbent has a maximum capacity, so the adsorbent will eventually be saturated at a certain time. Therefore, it is necessary to simulate the adsorption mass transfer to produce a breakthrough curve. The breakthrough curve from the simulation of adsorption mass transfer was validated with the experimental data. The research was conducted using variations in temperature and pressure. The mass transfer simulation was solved using the finite difference method. The adsorbent used in this research was 13X zeolite and the biogas was obtained from cow dung waste. Convergent curves can be obtained in numerical simulations as breakthrough curves. This research shows that adsorption should occur at low temperatures and high pressure. Column height and flow velocity also influence the breakthrough time. The comparison of the simulated breakthrough time with experimental data is not much different with R2 0.9969. The striking difference is in the adsorption zone with average relative error (ARE) values ranging from 9.57% to 20.49%. From the results of entropy, enthalpy, and Gibbs free energy calculations, the biogas adsorption research on the 13x zeolite column is an exothermic and spontaneous process
Current Trend of MOFs Incorporated Membranes for Advanced Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Utomo Dani Puji , Kusworo Tutuk Djoko , Kumoro Andri Cahyo , Budiyono Budiyono , Kurniawan Tonni Agustiono
Published: January 2024

Membrane technology has gained attention in wastewater treatment due to its great potential for producing high-grade water products for reuse. The membrane also effectively removes persistent pollutants in water effluent. However, their application is constrained by low productivity due to fouling formation. Incorporating functionalized nanoparticles into polymeric membranes has attracted much attention due to the improved membrane performance and additional features. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) incorporated into polymeric membranes have been widely applied in reverse osmosis (RO), forward osmosis (FO), nanofiltration (NF), and microfiltration (MF) for water and wastewater treatment. This short review presented recent findings, fabrication methods, and a systematic understanding of transport mechanisms under various operating conditions. This study also focused on several important parameters, such as improving physicochemical properties, membrane features, and performance enhancement in wastewater treatment. The reported studies show that MOFs incorporated membranes have reached >95% organic pollutants and 100% suspended solids. The membrane durability was also enhanced up to 140%, and the flux recovery can be maintained at 98% after several cycles. Even some MOFs, such as ZIF-8 and UiO-66, exhibited excellent performance in harsh conditions (pH < 4). The prospects and challenges of MOFs-incorporated membranes in industrial applications were also provided in this study.
Thrombolytic protease characterization from leaves and fruit flesh of the jernang rattan plant (Daemonorops draco)
Authors: Lebuan Urbanus Yustus , Kembaren Roga Florida , Martgrita Merry Meryam , Kholibrina Cut Rizlani
Published: January 2024

Thrombolytic agents are used for thrombolytic therapy to dissolve blood clots that form in a blood vessel. All currently used thrombolytic agents have unfavorable shortcomings, such as gastrointestinal bleeding, allergic reactions, and thrombolytic agent resistance, treatment for some of which can be quite expensive. As a result, the search for thrombolytic agents derived from plants is currently taking place. Some plants have been discovered to contain protease enzymes with thrombolytic activity; pharmaceuticals derived from plants are believed to be safer. Jernang rattan (Daemonorops draco) is a plant of the Arecaceae family and is known to produce resin. Jernang rattan resin is also known to have antioxidant, antiseptic, antitumor, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activity, but very limited information on proteolytic activity of the protease from this plant. This research aims to isolate proteases from the leaves and fruit flesh of the rattan jernang plant (D. draco) and to investigate the proteolytic activity of the isolated proteases. The protease was isolated from the leaves and the fruit flesh, and then partially purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation. The radial caseinolytic assay showed that protease in a 60% ammonium sulfate fraction gave a clear zone, with diameters of 1.4 cm and 1.8 cm for the protease isolated from leaves and fruit flesh, respectively. A Folin‐Ciocalteau assay showed that the enzymes isolated were able to hydrolyze casein and release L‐tyrosine, with activity of 0.158 U/mL and 0.174 U/mL for the protease from the leaves and fruit flesh, respectively. A fibrinogenolytic assay showed that the protease from the fruit flesh hydrolyzed the A‐α, B‐β and the γ chain of human fibrinogen, while the protease from the leaves hydrolyzed the A‐α and γ chain. Both proteases were inhibited by 56% by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), indicating that the enzymes are serine proteases. Based on the assay results obtained, it can be concluded that proteases isolated from the leaves and fruit flesh have potential as thrombolytic proteases.
Improvements in Primary Emergency Care Understanding during Matches for Football Coaches and Referees in East Java
Authors: Gunawan Erik Jaya , Arisanti RR Shinta , Yuwono Natalia , Suisan Yohan Christian , Sasono Bimo
Published: January 2024

Improper initial management of emergency conditions during soccer matches causes long-term morbidity, affects the athlete’s future performance, and is sometimes life-threatening. Soccer coaches and referees can be laypeople who give first aid and understand when to remove the athlete from the field of play. This program aims to improve the emergency management knowledge of the coaches and referees in East Java. This program was conducted in September 2022 – January 2023. All referees, assistant referees, and coaches of the Football Association of Indonesia region East Java who attended this training were included. The emergency management training was presented material using video, PowerPoint media, and hands-on mannequins. Before and after the training, participants were given some questions to assess their level of knowledge, with a minimum passing score was 75. Comparative tests (Wilcoxon signed rank, McNemar, and Chi-square test) were used to analyze the data. A hundred and twenty-eight (128) participants were included in this program. The median of the pre-and post-test scores were 62.5 and 87.5. There was a significant difference between pre-and post-test scores (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between coaches and referee groups in pre-test scores (p = 0.743). However, in the post-test score, the coach group had a significantly higher number of participants who did not pass than the referee group (29.6% vs. 10.8%, p = 0.007). This program improved the emergency knowledge during matches of the coaches and referees to prevent adding the severity of injuries of the soccer athlete.
Efek laju alir dan arah aliran terhadap analisis performa alat penukar panas tipe shell and tube heat exchanger menggunakan SCADA
Authors: Achmad Feerzet , Tampubolon Yosi Anugrah S.M , Fajri Muhammad , Nury Dennis Farina , Prahmana Rico Aditia , Suhartono Suhartono , Suharto Suharto
Published: January 2024

Panas atau kalor merupakan energi yang dapat berpindah dikarenakan perbedaan temperatur. Dalam melakukan perpindahan panas, dibutuhkan sebuah alat agar mendukung terjadinya perpindahan panas. Alat perpindahan panas yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger (STHE). Penelitian ini menggunakan program SCADA yang dapat melakukan proses akusisi data dan kontrol terhadap variabel dependen yaitu laju alir fluida panas sehingga diharapkan data yang ditampilkan pada program SCADA dapat merepresentasikan pengaruh laju alir dan arah aliran terhadap analisis performa alat penukar panas tipe STHE. Penelitian dilakukan dengan memvariasikan laju alir fluida panas pada rentang 0.8 L/min – 1.8 L/min, dimana pada alat ini memiliki maksimum laju alir 2,1 L/min. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa efektivitas tertinggi sebesar 0,44 pada laju alir fluida panas 1.8 L/min dengan aliran fluida berlawanan arah. Dari hal ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa laju alir fluida dan arah aliran fluida mempengaruhi efektivitas alat penukar panas, namun bukan hanya mempengaruhi efektivitas alat penukar panas, laju alir dan arah aliran fluida juga mempengaruhi analisis yang lainnya seperti bilangan Reynold, perubahan temperatur rata-rata logaritmik, Number of Transfer Unit (NTU), dan juga efektivitas NTU. Laju alir pada alat penukar panas berpengaruh terhadap besarnya panas yang akan diserap maupun dikeluarkan sehingga, ketika laju alir mengalami peningkatan maka efektivitas alat penukar panas juga akan mengalami peningkatan dikarenakan hal ini dipengaruhi oleh besarnya panas yang dikeluarkan maupun yang diterima.