bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nitzschia austriaca Hustedt: a characteristic diatom of Hungarian inland saline waters including a morphological comparison with the type material
Authors: ÁCS ÉVA , FÖLDI ANGÉLA , WETZEL CARLOS E. , VAD CSABA F. , KISS KEVE T. , DOBOSY PÉTER , TRÁBERT ZSUZSA , GRIGORSZKY ISTVÁN , ENGLONER ATTILA , ECTOR LUC
Published: June 2017

A detailed scanning electron microscopic investigation was carried out to clarify the taxonomic status of a small sigmoid Nitzschia species, a potential indicator of Central European soda waters. We found this taxon to be one of the dominant epiphytic diatoms collected from sodic bomb crater ponds at Apaj (Hungary). The large population allowed for a morphometric comparison based on frustule ultrastructure with the type material of the most similar species, Nitzschia austriaca Hustedt that was originally described from a soda pan in the region. The results clearly demonstrated an overlap between the Apaj population and the type material of N. austriaca (based on NMDS analysis), therefore we argue that they represent the same taxon. An emended diagnosis of N. austriaca is given. Total suspended solids and total phosphorous proved to be the most important factors predicting the occurrence of the species, with possible interactive effects of conductivity and pH. We then expanded the distribution of the species by revisiting data originating from previous large-scale surveys targeting sodic habitats in Hungary. On the basis of our results, N. austriaca is a characteristic species for Central European soda waters, including the protected astatic soda pans, indicating their typical chemical and physical characteristics.
Disanthus ovatifolius (Hamamelidaceae), a new species from northwestern Vietnam
Authors: AVERYANOV LEONID V. , ENDRESS PETER K. , QUANG BUI HONG , NGUYEN KHANG SINH , NGUYEN DZU VAN
Published: June 2017

Disanthus ovatifolius discovered in northwestern Vietnam is described as a new species of Hamamelidaceae, subfamily Disanthoideae. The new species belongs to the genus Disanthus, which was represented only by the type species of the genus, D. cercidifolius, until now. The new species differs from its congener in a series of morphological characters, such as the evergreen narrowly ovate leaves and cornute fruits. Detailed analytical color plate and ink drawing are provided for the new species along with data on its ecology, phenology and distribution. Similar plants were introduced into European horticulture under the invalid name Uocodendron whartonii hort. since 2006.
Revision of the genus Monotes (Dipterocarpaceae) in D.R. Congo, with implications for Angola and its distinction from Marquesia
Authors: MEERTS PIERRE , ROUGELOT QUENTIN , SOSEF MARC
Published: June 2017

Within the framework of the preparation of the treatment of the family Dipterocarpaceae for the Flore d’Afrique Centrale, the revision of the genus Monotes in D.R. Congo is presented, including a discussion on its distinction from the closely related genus Marquesia. Monotes has suffered from taxonomic inflation. A much more synthetic treatment than earlier revisions is here proposed, with 15 new synonyms and seven species or subspecies downgraded to varietal rank. Twenty-seven taxa are accepted in D.R. Congo (13 species, 10 varieties and four forms), of which six are new to the flora of the country. One new species (Monotes duvigneaudii), one new subspecies (Monotes rubriglans subsp. upembensis) and three new varieties are described (Monotes dasyanthus var. heterotrichus, M. duvigneaudii var. concolor, M. rubriglans subsp. upembensis var. griseocoriaceus). Eleven new combinations are made. Monotes hypoleucus is extended, to include var. angolensis, var. caloneurus, var. discolor, var. hypoleucus, and var. loandensis. Lectotypes are designated for M. adenophyllus var. homblei, M. dasyanthus var. dasyanthus forma sericea, M. dasyanthus var. mutetetwa, M. dawei, M. glaber, M. hirtii, M. hypoleucus, M. hypoleucus var. angolensis, M. hypoleucus var. caloneurus, M. kapiriensis, M. katangensis, M. magnificus var. albidus, M. magnificus var. paucipilosus, and M. schmitzii. Four supposed Angolan endemics (M. carrissoanus, M. dawei, M. hutchinsonianus, M. noldeae) and one supposed Congolian endemic (M. schmitzii) are refuted as forms without taxonomic standing. Another three are no longer endemic to Angola because of material collected in D.R. Congo (M. hypoleucus var. loandensis, M. pearsonii, M. rubriglans). In the current state of knowledge, eight taxa are endemic to D.R. Congo (Monotes doryphorus, M. duvigneaudii var. duvigneaudii, M. duvigneaudii var. concolor, M. hirtii, M. hypoleucus var. angolensis f. oxyphyllinus, M. magnificus var. gigantophyllus, M. rubriglans subsp. upembensis var. upembensis and M. rubriglans subsp. upembensis var. griseocoriaceus). The Upper Katanga region appears to represent the most prominent centre of diversity for the genus. Additional field work and collecting is necessary to complete the description of several taxa.
Morphological characterization and DNA based taxonomy of Fusiconidium gen. nov. with two novel taxa within Melanommataceae (Pleosporales)
Authors: LI JUNFU , JEEWON RAJESH , LUO ZONGLONG , PHOOKAMSAK RUNGTIWA , BHAT DARBHE J. , MAPOOK AUSANA , PHUKHAMSAKDA CHAYANARD , CAMPORESI ERIO , LUMYONG SAISAMORN , HYDE KEVIN D.
Published: June 2017

Fusiconidium mackenziei sp. nov. and Fusiconidium aquaticum sp. nov., isolated from a dead branch of Clematis vitalba in Italy and a submerged decaying wood in China respectively, are described and illustrated. The new taxa are characterized by having rhexolytic conidial secession, percurrently proliferating conidiophores, with enteroblastic conidiogenous cells and acrogenous, pale brown to dark brown, verruculose, fusiform, euseptate conidia. Fusiconidium is introduced as a novel genus to accommodate these novel species base on morphologically distinct from related asexual genera within the Dothideomycetes and multigene phylogenetic analyses. Based on multigene phylogenetic analyses, Fusiconidium is referred to the family Melanommataceae (Pleosporales).
Carex xueyingiana (Cyperaceae), a new species from Hainan Island, China
Authors: YANG HAIJUN , XU HAN , DENG YUNFEI , LI YIDE
Published: June 2017

A new species of Carex (Cyperaceae), Carex xueyingiana, from section Radicales, is described and illustrated from Hainan Island, China. We analyzed 35 morphological characters using Cluster Analysis and Principal Components Analysis to evaluate the relationships between the new species and the 15 species from the same section occurring in China. The new species is similar to C. chlorocephalula, displaying pubescent rhizomes, leaves densely hispidulous on both surfaces, and slender tufted culms. Carex xueyingiana differs from C. chlorocephalula by the leaves distinctly longer than culms (not equaling these), stems 4–6 mm wide (instead 1–3 mm), bracts sheath-like, 5–6 mm long (instead leaf-like and 2–3.5 cm long), spikes 7–10 mm long (instead 10–15 mm), and perigynium beakless (instead beaked). The new species is only known from Hainan Island and is assessed as Vulnerable (VU DD).
A new species and a new name in Myrtaceae (Myrteae) from Southeastern Brazil
Authors: PROENÇA CAROLYN E. B. , FARIA JAIR EUSTÁQUIO QUINTINO , MAZINE FIORELLA FERNANDA
Published: June 2017

This paper describes a new species of Eugenia and proposes a new name in Psidium, from Southeastern Brazil. Both are necessary for a floristic treatment of Myrtaceae for the flora of São Paulo, Brazil. Eugenia robustior is most similar to Eugenia tetramera from which it differs by its larger leaves and flowers with more stamens and more ovules per locule. The new name in Psidium is a replacement name for the illegitimate P. sellowianum.
Using ‘WeChat’ online social networking in a real-world needs analysis of family members of youths at clinical high risk of psychosis
Authors: Zhang TianHong , Xu LiHua , Tang YingYing , Cui HuiRu , Li HuiJun , Wei YanYan , Xu YangYang , Jiang LiJuan , Zhu YiKang , Li ChunBo , Jiang KaiDa , Xiao ZePing , Wang JiJun
Published: June 2017

Objective:

The argument surrounding the safety and effectiveness of interventions for the population of individuals at a clinical high risk of developing psychosis has been ongoing for the past 30 years. However, few studies have assessed the needs of this special young population, who are struggling with the recent onset of psychotic symptoms.

Method:

The sample consisted of 171 family members of 108 clinical high-risk individuals included from the ShangHai at Risk for Psychosis research programme. A ‘WeChat’ group was established to provide mutual support. There were 22,007 valid messages sent within the group between 1 April 2015 and 27 June 2016. Chat records were subsequently analysed to determine the needs of families during intervention at the early stages of psychosis.

Results:

Families of clinical high-risk individuals were highly involved in the entire medical process, and the major concerns of the families of clinical high-risk individuals focused on both functional recovery and medication. The themes of ‘take medication’, ‘go to school’ and ‘study in school’ were often discussed within the group.

Conclusion:

A family-focused intervention targeting functional recovery and real-time professional explanations of medication would meet the major needs of families of Chinese clinical high-risk individuals.
Norm collision in the European Union’s external policies: The case of European Union sanctions towards Rwanda
Authors: Saltnes Johanne Døhlie
Published: June 2017

The European Union (EU) is the world’s biggest donor of aid to developing countries. The provision of EU aid is conditional on respect for human rights and democratic principles in the recipient countries. This article questions to what extent norms always yield to interests in decisions over whether to sanction breaches of human rights and democracy. Building on a theory that allows the simultaneous consideration of different norms, the article suggests that rather than interests being the determining factor when the EU takes decisions on implementing sanctions, the weighing of various norms and the choice to follow one of them can explain why sanctions have been avoided in certain cases in Rwanda. The article shows that this weighing of different norms plays an important role in foreign policy decisions and can have concrete consequences with regard to sanctions. In so doing, it advances the literature on the EU’s global role by developing a theoretical account of the evaluation process and the ultimate decision to act in accordance with one norm in particular.
Pedagogical models for enhancing the cross-cultural online public health learning environment
Authors: Banerjee Srikanta , Firtell Jill
Published: June 2017

Background:

Online distance learning (e-learning) is an established method for providing higher education on a global scale due to its potential to reduce inequalities particularly in the area of public health education. Simultaneously, multicultural education is a key component of health education and can be achieved by fostering cultural pluralism and mutual respect within the teaching and learning environment.

Objective:

Online learning in public health has the potential to bring together practitioners in various fields within a unified forum. Given that undergraduate and graduate education and student interest in the field of public health has grown worldwide over the past decade, exploring the unique features of distance learning becomes a priority area. Consequently, the need for cross-cultural collaborative learning has been on the rise.

Methods:

The Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) were searched using the keywords ‘e-learning’, ‘multicultural online education’, ‘cultural sensitivity’, ‘transcultural’, ‘cultural diversity’, ‘multicultural education theory’, ‘distance learning’, ‘public health’ and ‘cultural competence’. The quality of each study was rated against set inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results:

Employing different sociological models, this paper (1) describes the historical development of the theories of cultural diversity, (2) describes a cohesive and novel theoretical framework for addressing a cross-cultural approach to public health education and (3) reviews the literature on online education as a means to suggesting different ways in which cross-cultural education can be more fully integrated.

Conclusion:

Implementation of this theoretical framework proposed here may lead to a better understanding of how best to enhance online public health education and how different forms of peer support can foster cross-cultural educational uptake.
Obstacle avoidance behavior of swarm robots based on aggregation and disaggregation method
Authors: Yu Yue , Chen Xiangru , Lu Zhaohan , Li Fengxia , Zhang Bo
Published: June 2017

One of the current challenges in the development of swarm robots is making them realize obstacle avoidance while keeping formation. This paper proposes a new obstacle avoidance method for multiple robots based on the aggregation and disaggregation approach. First, the formation-based multi-resolution models of swarm robots are presented and the formation attribute-based consistency mapping functions are designed. Then, obstacle avoidance behavior based on aggregation and disaggregation method is presented and the basic obstacle avoidance behaviors are designed. Finally, the simulation results are presented to show the feasibility of the proposed method.
Do Screen Presentations via Interactive Whiteboards Increase Engagement in Whole-Group Lessons for Students With Autism Spectrum Disorder? A Pilot Study
Authors: Mariz Candice , Carter Mark , Stephenson Jennifer
Published: June 2017

Visual presentations may assist students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to access instruction, and they may be more engaged when interacting with screen media in particular. Interactive whiteboards (IWBs) are large electronic screens that are used for instruction in many classrooms. An alternating treatment design was used to compare the engagement levels in a whole-group lesson of four students with ASD and mild intellectual disability in conditions using an IWB and in conditions using paper-based materials. Despite some inconsistency, an overall effect was seen and maintained for an increase in engagement levels in the nonwhiteboard conditions for two of the four participants. It is suggested that when content and presentation are kept constant, electronic screen presentation on IWBs does not necessarily increase student engagement. Several directions for future research are suggested.
INTERTAN nail versus proximal femoral nail antirotation-Asia for intertrochanteric femur fractures in elderly patients with primary osteoporosis
Authors: Zhang Hui , Zeng Xianshang , Zhang Nan , Zeng Dan , Xu Ping , Zhang Lili , Chen Deng , Yu Weiguang , Zhang Xinchao
Published: June 2017

Objectives

To compare the long-term functional and radiographic outcomes of the proximal femoral nail antirotation-Asia (PFNA-II) and INTERTAN nail (IT) in the management of intertrochanteric femoral fractures (IFFs) (AO/OTA Type 31A1.1-A2.3) in elderly patients with primary osteoporosis.

Methods

A retrospective comparative study was performed in our institution. From January 2009 to March 2012, 243 patients with osteoporosis (243 hips) with IFFs (AO/OTA Type 3.1A1.1-A2.3) underwent repair with either a PFNA-II or IT. Follow-up assessments were performed 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months postoperatively and every year thereafter. All implant position changes were noted. Patient-related functional outcomes were evaluated based on the Harris hip score.

Results

In total, 174 patients with osteoporosis (IT, n = 86; PFNA-II, n = 88) were evaluated during a mean follow-up period of 40 months (range, 38–60 months). An increased risk of femoral shaft fracture after implant removal was observed at month 9 of follow-up in 0.0% and 4.4% of the IT and PFNA-II groups, respectively. This difference remained over time with rates of 1.1% and 6.8%, respectively, at the last follow-up.

Conclusion

The IT nail appears to be a reliable implant in the management of IFFs (AO/OTA Type 3.1A1.1-A2.3) in elderly patients with primary osteoporosis.
Modelling disease activity in juvenile dermatomyositis: A Bayesian approach
Authors: van Dijkhuizen EH Pieter , Deakin Claire T , Wedderburn Lucy R , De Iorio Maria
Published: June 2017

Juvenile dermatomyositis is the most common form of the juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathies characterised by muscle and skin inflammation, leading to symmetric proximal muscle weakness and cutaneous symptoms. It has a fluctuating course and varying prognosis. In a Bayesian framework, we develop a joint model for four longitudinal outcomes, which accounts for within individual variability as well as inter-individual variability. Correlations among the outcome variables are introduced through a subject-specific random effect. Moreover, we exploit an approach similar to a hurdle model to account for excess of a specific outcome in the response. Clinical markers and symptoms are used as covariates in a regression set-up. Data from an ongoing observational cohort study are available, providing information on 340 subjects, who contributed 2725 clinical visits. The model shows good performance and yields efficient estimations of model parameters, as well as accurate predictions of the disease activity parameters, corresponding well to observed clinical patterns over time. The posterior distribution of the by-subject random intercepts shows a substantial correlation between two of the outcome variables. A subset of clinical markers and symptoms are identified as associated with disease activity. These findings have the potential to influence clinical practice as they can be used to stratify patients according to their prognosis and guide treatment decisions, as well as contribute to on-going research about the most relevant outcome markers for patients affected by juvenile dermatomyositis.
Dressed to play: An analysis of gender relations in college women’s ultimate Frisbee
Authors: Neville Joanna
Published: June 2017

This research examines how college women athletes negotiate gender in the space and context of ultimate Frisbee. The data for this project come from ethnographic research, group interviews, and one-on-one interviews that were conducted while participating on a college women’s ultimate Frisbee team at a large, southeastern public university. Currently, the college ultimate Frisbee series in the United States does not include a mixed or coed division in the college series. Therefore, this work focuses on the following three key processes in college women’s ultimate Frisbee: the attire, the language, and the formation of a supportive community. Findings indicate that these women perform gender identities throughout the culture of college women’s ultimate Frisbee that reshape normative gender relations often found in mainstream sporting culture. These athletes create a sense of comfort by bridging the gap between “female” and “athlete” within this competitive sport. This context allows for a spectrum of gender identities, resulting in less restrictive gendered relations in sport. This work contributes an important conceptualization of gender in sport. It highlights how gender is fluid, adaptable but also a form of resistance. College women’s ultimate Frisbee is a space where hegemonic identities are negotiated and transformed.
The Effect of Clopidogrel on the Response to Ischemia Reperfusion
Authors: Kwong Wilson , Parker John D.
Published: June 2017

Reperfusion in the setting of acute ischemia is essential in limiting tissue necrosis. However, reperfusion itself is associated with significant adverse effects. There is animal evidence that platelets play a role in the adverse effects of ischemia and reperfusion (IR) injury. We examined whether clopidogrel would have favorable effects on endothelial dysfunction induced by an episode of IR. Using a parallel design, we administered clopidogrel 600 mg or matching placebo to normal volunteers (n = 20) 24 hours before an episode of IR. Flow-mediated dilatation (FMD, radial artery) was assessed before and after 20 minutes of upper arm ischemia. Following IR, there was a highly significant decrease in FMD in the placebo group (7.6% ± 1.3% vs 3.4% ± 0.1%; P < .001). In the clopidogrel group, there was no change in FMD post-IR (8.3% ± 0.8% vs 7.1% ± 1.2%; P = not significant). Following IR, FMD in the placebo group was significantly smaller than that observed in the clopidogrel group ( P < .01). Ischemia and reperfusion caused no change in plasma levels of biomarkers of inflammation (intercellular adhesion molecule 1, chemokine ligand 5, and interleukin 6) in either group. Therefore, a single dose of clopidogrel given 24 hours prior to an episode of IR had protective effects, limiting the adverse effects of ischemia on endothelial function.
Attention and Executive Disorders in Neurofibromatosis 1: Comparison Between NF1 With ADHD Symptomatology (NF1 + ADHD) and ADHD Per Se
Authors: Lion-François Laurence , Herbillon Vania , Peyric Emeline , Mercier Catherine , Gérard Daniel , Ginhoux Tiphanie , Coutinho Virginie , Kemlin Isabelle , Kassai Behrouz , Desportes Vincent , Michael George A.
Published: June 2017

Objective: To compare children with Neurofibromatosis type 1 and associated ADHD symptomatology (NF1 + ADHD) with children having received a diagnosis of ADHD without NF1. The idea was that performance differences in tasks of attention between these two groups would be attributable not to the ADHD symptomatology, but to NF1 alone. Method: One group of children with NF1 + ADHD ( N = 32), one group of children with ADHD ( N = 31), and one group of healthy controls ( N = 40) participated in a set of computerized tasks assessing intensive, selective, and executive aspects of attention. Results: Differences were found between the two groups of patients in respect of several aspects of attention. Children with NF1 + ADHD did not always perform worse than children with ADHD. Several double dissociations can be established between the two groups of patients. Conclusion: ADHD symptomatology in NF1 does not contribute to all attention deficits, and ADHD cannot account for all attention impairments in NF1.
Fiscal Governance, Information Capacity, and Subnational Capital Finance
Authors: Moldogaziev Tima T. , Espinosa Salvador , Martell Christine R.
Published: June 2017

This study posits a theory that a country’s capacity to resolve information problems directly relates to the development of subnational government (SNG) capital markets. Based on a sample of fifty-two countries with various degrees of market-based approaches to public debt finance, we evaluate how the capacity to resolve information problems covaries with alternative measures of SNG debt in 2007 to 2014. Empirical findings show that transparency and depth of credit information resolution and extent of disclosure in the private sector positively relate to SNG debt levels, other institutional capacities held constant.
How to Confirm Catheterization of Inner Branches in Aortic Endografting: The Universal Flush Test
Authors: Fiorucci Beatrice , Tsilimparis Nikolaos , Rohlffs Fiona , Heidemann Franziska , Debus Eike Sebastian , Kölbel Tilo
Published: June 2017

Purpose: To describe a quick, simple, and reliable technique to confirm successful catheterization of a branched thoracic endograft’s inner branch. Technique: Accurate cannulation of inner branches can be verified through insertion and mild retraction of a Universal Flush angiographic catheter, whose tip hooks the branch and slightly opens. Conclusion: The use of an angiographic catheter with a curved tip is a safe and easy procedure that can be adopted to check the correct position inside the branch of an endograft designed for treatment of the aortic arch.
Operative Treatment of the Ingrown Toenail With a Less-Invasive Technique: Flashback to the Original Winograd Technique
Authors: Camurcu Yalkin , Sofu Hakan , Issin Ahmet , Kockara Nizamettin , Saygili Hakan
Published: June 2017

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of the partial nail plate excision and curettage of nail bed and matrix (the original Winograd technique) in patients with ingrown toenail. Materials and methods:Patients with ingrown toenail who were treated surgically from May 2014 to June 2015, with a minimum follow-up of 1 year were included in this study. Those who had previous ingrown toenail surgery were excluded. Partial nail plate excision with curettage of nail bed and nail matrix was performed for all patients. Rifampicin soaked sterile gauze was placed onto the wounds after the procedure. Results:The study population included 100 males and 89 females with a mean age of 30 years. Eight patients (4.2%) had stage 1, 71 patients (37.6%) had stage 2, and 110 patients (58.2%) had stage 3 ingrown toenails. The mean operation time was 4.8 minutes. No complication occurred during the procedure. It was found that 15 patients (7.9%) had recurrence during the follow-up. Conclusion:The original Winograd technique is an efficient and less-invasive technique for the treatment of ingrown toenail, with lower rates of recurrence and complications.

Levels of Evidence: Therapeutic Case Series Study, Level IV
It’s a Puzzle: A Self-Organizing Activity
Authors: McCollum Janet , Barber Catherine R.
Published: June 2017

Helping students connect abstract concepts to concrete situations is often a challenge. Students who are unable to make the basic connections are at risk of spending the semester and beyond misunderstanding key points and their application. In this article, we provide a framework that includes debriefing, bridge building, and assimilation to help mitigate the challenge of making the abstract, concrete. We use “It’s a Puzzle,” a fast-paced group activity based on principles of experiential learning theory, to illustrate how we use this framework to help students understand and apply self-organization concepts to concrete situations. “It’s a Puzzle” provides participants with an opportunity to experience self-organization as a group, to reflect on the self-organizing interaction from the perspective of self and group, and to apply the learning experience to self-organization concepts. We have successfully used this activity as an introduction to self-organization at both the undergraduate and graduate level.
Retinal Artery Occlusions in Healthy Children
Authors: Sundy Meryl , Malihi Mehrdad , Chang Emmanuel Y. , Amphornphruet Atchara , Ryder Steven , Nikpoor Neda , Berrocal Audina , Stout J. Timothy , Campbell J. Peter
Published: June 2017

Purpose:

To describe a series of retinal arterial occlusions in healthy children.

Methods:

Chart review from multiple US and international institutions.

Results:

Five episodes affecting otherwise healthy children aged 5 to 14 are described. With the exception of migraine history in 1 individual and a novel heterozygous mutation of uncertain significance in 1 patient without clinical hyper-homocysteinemia in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene, no risk factors or systemic pathology contributing to the event were identified.

Conclusion:

We report a series of unilateral retinal artery occlusions in otherwise healthy children. This devastating ocular disease typically elicits an extensive ophthalmologic, radiologic, hematologic, and cardiologic evaluation, which is often unrevealing in this population. There are no evidence-based guidelines to guide the extent of diagnostic evaluation or management. Sequential bilateral artery occlusions have never been reported in otherwise healthy children.
Exercise in claudicants increase or decrease walking ability and the response relates to mitochondrial function
Authors: van Schaardenburgh Michel , Wohlwend Martin , Rognmo Øivind , Mattsson Erney J. R.
Published: June 2017

Background

Exercise of patients with intermittent claudication improves walking performance. Exercise does not usually increase blood flow, but seems to increase muscle mitochondrial enzyme activities. Although exercise is beneficial in most patients, it might be harmful in some. The mitochondrial response to exercise might therefore differ between patients. Our hypothesis was that changes in walking performance relate to changes in mitochondrial function after 8 weeks of exercise. At a subgroup level, negative responders decrease and positive responders increase mitochondrial capacity.

Methods

Two types of exercise were studied, calf raising and walking (n = 28). We wanted to see whether there were negative and positive responders, independent of type of exercise. Measurements of walking performance, peripheral hemodynamics, mitochondrial respiration and content (citrate synthase activity) were obtained on each patient before and after the intervention period. Multiple linear regression was used to test whether changes in peak walking time relate to mitochondrial function. Subgroups of negative (n = 8) and positive responders (n = 8) were defined as those that either decreased or increased peak walking time following exercise. Paired t test and analysis of covariance was used to test changes within and between subgroups.

Results

Changes in peak walking time were related to changes in mitochondrial respiration supported by electron transferring flavoprotein (ETF + CI)P (p = 0.004), complex I (CI + ETF)P (p = 0.003), complex I + complex II (CI + CII + ETF)P (p = 0.037) and OXPHOS coupling efficiency (p = 0.046) in the whole group. Negative responders had more advanced peripheral arterial disease. Mitochondrial respiration supported by electron transferring flavoprotein (ETF + CI)P (p = 0.0013), complex I (CI + ETF)P (p = 0.0005), complex I + complex II (CI + CII + ETF)P (p = 0.011) and electron transfer system capacity (CI + CII + ETF)E (p = 0.021) and OXPHOS coupling efficiency decreased in negative responders (p = 0.0007) after exercise. Positive responders increased citrate synthase activity (p = 0.010).

Conclusions

Changes in walking performance seem to relate to changes in mitochondrial function after exercise. Negative responders have more advanced peripheral arterial disease and decrease, while positive responders increase mitochondrial capacity.

Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT023110256
Σχολική εξ Αποστάσεως Εκπαίδευση: μια μελέτη περίπτωσης με τη μέθοδο της Ανεστραμμένης Τάξης για τα Μαθηματικά της Ε' Δημοτικού
Authors: Μακροδήμος Νικόλας , Παπαδάκης Σπυρίδων , Κουτσούμπα Μαρία
Published: June 2017

Η εξ αποστάσεως εκπαίδευση στην πρωτοβάθμια και δευτεροβάθμια εκπαίδευση μπορεί να παίξει ένα σημαντικό συμπληρωματικό ρόλο στο πλαίσιο νέων μεθοδολογιών και μοντέλων που προτείνονται στη διεθνή βιβλιογραφία. Μία τέτοια μεθοδολογία αποτελεί η ανεστραμμένη τάξη (flipped classroom) η οποία μεταθέτει το «βαρετό» και παθητικό για τον μαθητή, θεωρητικό μέρος της διδασκαλίας στο σπίτι, ενώ στο σχολείο ο εκπαιδευτικός έχει περισσότερο χρόνο για να εφαρμόσει μαθητοκεντρικές, βιωματικές εκπαιδευτικές τεχνικές. Στη βάση αυτή, σκοπός της εργασίας ήταν να διερευνηθούν οι δυνατότητες, οι προϋποθέσεις και τα αποτελέσματα της εφαρμογής ενός μοντέλου ανεστραμμένης τάξης (flipped classroom) ως μορφή μικτής μάθησης (blended learning) στο Δημοτικό Σχολείο, μέσα από μαθήματα στην Ε΄ τάξη. Ειδικότερα, στην εργασία παρουσιάζουμε το σχεδιασμό, την υλοποίηση και τα αποτελέσματα μιας έρευνας δράσης για τηνπερίπτωση των Μαθηματικών της Ε’ Δημοτικού. Η εφαρμογή της μεθόδου στηρίχθηκε στη χρήση προηγμένης τεχνολογίας όπως το Edmodo, το Youtube editor και το Edpuzzle. Τα ερευνητικά δεδομένα – ευρήματα της εργασίας έδειξαν ότι η εφαρμογή της μεθόδου της ανεστραμμένης τάξης στην Ε΄ Δημοτικού είχε μόνο θετικά αποτελέσματα στους μαθητές και επιβεβαίωσε τα σημαντικά οφέλη που αναφέρει η διεθνής και η ελληνική βιβλιογραφία.
Általánosítások a potenciális magyar birtokszóváltozatokra vonatkozóan
Authors: Farkas Judit , Alberti Gábor
Published: June 2017

Jelen tanulmányunk a -(j)A birtokoltságot jelölő toldalékmorféma alakváltozatainak és az elidegeníthető birtoklásnak a kapcsolatával foglalkozik. Megközelítésünk lényege, hogy fonotaktikai és nyelvtörténeti tényezőket figyelembe véve háromféle potenciális birtokszó-alakváltozatot definiálunk, amelyekre építve egységes rendszerben, kivétel nélküli szabályokban fogalmazható meg az összes magyar főnévre vonatkozóan, hogy melyik változat társulhat elidegeníthető, illetve melyik társulhat elidegeníthetetlen birtoklást kifejező jelentéshez. Ez alapján összességében hét főnévtartomány alakul ki, amelyekbe besorolunk minden magyar produktív főnévképzővel létrehozott főnevet is. Részletesebben kitérünk a hatnék-főnevekre, amelyek olyan dialektális különbségeket mutatnak, amelyek alapján szükségesnek látszik újragondolni az elidegeníthetetlenségnek és elidegeníthetőségnek a közönséges főnevek körében is megkérdőjelezhető dichotómiáját.
AVALIAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DE LABNEH (IOGURTE GREGO): ESTUDO COM CONSUMIDORES
Authors: Silveira Mariana Pereira , Rocha Larissa De Oliveira Ferreira , Castro Ana Luísa de , Brandão Danielly Da Conceição , Guedes Tiago De Jesus , Fernandes Maraísa Kissila Oliveira
Published: June 2017

O labneh (iogurte grego) é um tipo de leite fermentado caracterizado pelo processo de concentração de iogurtes tradicionais. Esse tipo de produto é relativamente novo no mercado alimentício e há poucos estudos de avaliação para seus parâmetros de qualidade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a aceitação de três marcas comerciais de iogurte grego tradicional comercializados no município de Diamantina/MG e identificar os atributos que influenciam na qualidade do produto. Foram realizadas análises de cor (L*, a*, b*), textura, acidez titulável, pH e avaliação sensorial. Os resultados obtidos mostraram variação entre as amostras para todos os parâmetros analisados, exceto para o valor b*. Em relação à análise sensorial, por meio do teste de médias, observou-se que as marcas IA e IB foram as mais aceitas. Pelo mapa de preferência, pode-se inferir que a maior porcentagem de ácido lático da amostra IA e a firmeza de IB, foram os parâmetros responsáveis pela maior aceitação dessas marcas. Diante disso, observou-se que a textura e a acidez são atributos importantes na escolha do produto. Portanto, os resultados deste estudo podem auxiliar em trabalhos futuros de desenvolvimento de novas formulações, visando atender melhor às exigências do mercado consumidor.
FORMAÇÃO DE BIOFILMES BACTERIANOS EM DIFERENTES SUPERFÍCIES DE INDÚSTRIAS DE ALIMENTOS
Authors: Dalla Costa Karine Angélica , Ferenz Mariane , Silveira Sheila Mello da , Millezi Alessandra Farias
Published: June 2017

O termo biofilme descreve a forma de vida microbiana séssil, caracterizada pela adesão de microrganismos a alguma superfície e com a produção de substâncias poliméricas extracelulares. Nas indústrias de alimentos, a formação de biofilmes resulta em graves problemas, já que pode ser fonte de contaminação do alimento, comprometendo a qualidade final do produto e a saúde do consumidor. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a adesão de biofilmes (células sésseis) de bactérias patogênicas e/ou deteriorantes sobre superfícies da indústria alimentícia. As espécies bacterianas testadas foram Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19117 e Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 14028. Utilizaram-se cupons de aço inoxidável e polipropileno como superfícies de contato. Os resultados demonstraram que P. aeruginosa e S. Typhimurium apresentaram maior capacidade de formação de biofilme. Estatisticamente, não houve diferença nas contagens das células de P. aeruginosa e S. Typhimurium (p > 0,05), o mesmo ocorreu entre L. monocytogenes e S. aureus. Entretanto, as contagens de células de P. aeruginosa e S. Typhimurium foram estatisticamente maiores que S. aureus e L. monocytogenes (p < 0,05). Através da microscopia eletrônica de varredura constatou-se também maior adesão de P. aeruginosa. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que dentre as espécies bacterianas testadas P. aeruginosa foi a bactéria com maior capacidade de formação de biofilme.
APROVEITAMENTO DO SORO DE LEITE PROVENIENTE DA PRODUÇÃO DO QUEIJO DO SERRO PARA FABRICAÇÃO DE DOCE DE LEITE: VIABILIDADE ECONÔMICA
Authors: Lima Fabiana Regina , Rocha Larissa De Oliveira Ferreira
Published: June 2017

O estado de Minas Gerais é reconhecidamente o mais tradicional produtor de queijos do Brasil e uma importante característica desta produção é o modo artesanal de fabricação. Cerca de 90% do volume do leite utilizado na fabricação de queijo resulta em soro. O aproveitamento adequado do soro de leite é de grande importância em função de sua qualidade nutricional, do seu volume e de seu poder poluente. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a viabilidade econômica de produção de doce de leite com adição de soro de leite proveniente da fabricação do queijo do Serro. Foram elaboradas formulações de doce de leite com concentrações de 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% e 50% soro. O investimento total para a produção do doce foi de R$ 359,26 (US$ 110.72).O custo fixo ficou em R$18,00 (US$ 5.55). Os custos variáveis ficaram entre R$ 81,07 (US$ 24.98) e R$ 96,91 (US$ 29.87). O preço de venda variou entre R$5,36 (US$ 1.65) e R$5,47 (US$ 1.69). Em relação aos indicadores de desempenho, a formulação com maior porcentagem de soro se mostrou mais lucrativa. A rentabilidade foi de aproximadamente 27% para a formulação com menor porcentagem de soro. O prazo de retorno do investimento foi de 4 meses para todas as formulações. O ponto de equilíbrio para a produção do doce se encontra na venda de 8 unidades. Diante dos resultados, verificou-se que é viável economicamente o aproveitamento do soro para a produção de doce de leite.
Epidemiology and morphology of tumors of the thyroid gland
in the Kabardino-Balkaria for the period 1990–2014
Authors: Tkhakakhov Almir A.
Published: June 2017

Обоснование. Рак щитовидной железы – самая частая опухоль эндокринных желез с тенденцией неуклонного учащения заболеваемости.
Цель: изучить структуру, распространенность и тенденции заболеваемости, морфологию рака щитовидной железы среди жителей Кабардино-Балкарской республики (эндемичного региона по зобу) за двадцатипятилетний период. Провести сравнительный анализ заболеваемости по полу и возрасту населения, географическим зонам территории.
Материал и методы. Годовые отчеты ГУЗ “Онкологический диспансер” Минздрава КБР, архивный биопсийный и послеоперационный материал ГУЗ “Патологоанатомическое бюро”. Рассчитаны интенсивные (грубые) и стандартизованные показатели, темпы прироста заболеваемости раком щитовидной железы с использованием мирового стандарта возрастного распределения. Стандартизация проведена прямым методом.
Результаты. Темпы прироста рака щитовидной железы в КБР превышают общероссийские, особенно внушительный тренд по не совсем понятным пока причинам наблюдается среди мужчин. Интенсивные (грубые) значения заболеваемости наиболее высоки в возрасте 50–59 лет, стандартизованные – в 70 лет и старше. Доля больных детского и юношеского возрастов составляет 3,7%. Городские жители КБР страдают чаще сельских, население горных районов – чаще, чем равнинных. Морфологически подавляющее большинство опухолей составляли высокодифференцированные гистологические формы, более чем в половине случаев сочетаясь с зобом.
Заключение. Полученные результаты позволяют активно выявлять больных на ранних стадиях, эффективнее проводить диспансеризацию и профилактические мероприятия, планировать рациональную тактику лечения пациентов.
Ulysses of Embra
Authors: Johnston Paul
Published: June 2017

A critical day in the life of Leonard Rose, an Edinburgh (Embra) criminal with undertones of Homer’s Odysseus and James Joyce’s Leopold Bloom. He thinks of his son, Stevie, whom he has not seen for fifteen years. After his morning ablutions he attends the cremation service of a notable lawyer, who had ties to local crime kingpin, Big Sam. Leonard is shaken by visions of the people he murdered for Big Sam. Stevie is waiting outside, accompanied by two detectives. Leonard is told that his ex-wife, Penny, is setting up Glasgow gang boss Boy ‘The Boiler’ Boyle. Leonard takes the police to his bar, the End of the World, aware that Big Sam’s number two, Nessie, is following. After knocking the policemen out and overpowering Nessie and his men, Leonard and Stevie go to Big Sam’s palatial home. When he understands that Penny intended to betray Big Sam as well, Leonard deserts his son and goes home, free of emotional and professional ties. He decides to leave Edinburgh and go inland, where no one knows him. But before that he will knock on his female neighbour’s door, hoping she will give his attentions a positive reception.
The bioguided fractionation and pharmacological activity of an endemic Salix canariensis species
Authors: Gutiérrez Sandra Dévora , Kuri Susana Abdala , Martín-Herrera Domingo
Published: June 2017

The present study was designed to confirm the wide traditional use of treating pain with Salix canariensis, an endemic species of the Macaronesian region. The active compounds were identified. Pharmacological activities were explored in experimental animals by acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin and Levy’s tests, and bioactive compounds were identified after a bio-guided fractionation of the most active organic extract. S. canariensis extract, orally administrated at different doses, led to a significant reduction in writhing, caused a moderate decrease of formalin-induced pain and revealed an excellent dose-dependent anti-inflammatory effect. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the ethyl acetate extract suggested the possible presence of pentacyclic triterpenes from oleanane and ursane series. These findings allow the conclusion that S. canariensis exerts analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities, documenting its traditional use in the treatment of pain and inflammatory diseases.
Application of SeDeM expert systems in preformulation studies of pediatric ibuprofen ODT tablets
Authors: Sipos Emese , Oltean Andrea Ramona , Szabó Zoltán-István , Rédai Emőke-Margit , Nagy Gabriella Dónáth
Published: June 2017

Pediatric, ibuprofen containing orodispersible tablets (ODTs) were prepared using the SeDeM expert system methodology. In order to facilitate formulation, directly compressible ibuprofen was employed (Ibuprofen DC 8TM) and characterized using its SeDeM profile. The mannitol based superdisintegrant Ludiflash®was characterized by the SeDeM-ODT expert system, which also allowed calculation of the optimal excipient concentration in order to obtain suitable tablet hardness and disintegration time. After adding a sweetener and a standard combination of lubricants, the optimized formulation was directly compressed into tablets and evaluated in terms of tablet hardness, friability, disintegration time and dissolution profile. The SeDeM method was applied to determine the amount of corrective excipient (Ludiflash®) required for the compression of Ibuprofen DC 85TMin order to achieve suitable ODTs. Adequate tablet hardness, disintegration time, friability and dissolution profiles were found during tablet evaluation.
Self-Esteem in People with Physical Disabilities: Differences between Active and Inactive Individuals
Authors: Nemček Dagmar
Published: June 2017

The aim of the study was to determine the status of SE in people with physical disabilities (PwPD) and compare SE scores between active and inactive individuals. The sample of PwPD (n = 186) was divided into two groups of those who are regularly participating in sport (active; n = 88) and those who are not participating in any sport in their leisure (inactive; n = 98). The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) was used as a primary research method. 10-item scale measures global self-worth by measuring positive and negative feelings about the self. Higher scores (from 10 to 40 points) indicate higher SE. The Pearson chi-square test was used to determine the differences of 10 RSES items and total scores between active and inactive PwPD. We found that the mean score of RSES in PwPD was 28.83 points; active PwPD observed total score of RSES 30.01 points and group of inactive PwPD showed the lowest SE by achieving 27.76 points. Mean scores comparison of each RSES item between active and inactive PwPD revealed higher SE in the group of active PwPD. Significantly higher SE was presented by 4 from 10 RSES items and by total score in the group of active PwPD. The results of our study confirmed that actively living PwPD have significantly higher SE comparing those PwPD who are living sedentary life style.
Application of Rain Gardens to an Urban Area – Housing Estate in Nitra, Slovakia
Authors: Vaculová Veronika , Štěpánková Roberta
Published: June 2017

This study is focused on principles of rain gardens in landscape architecture and their application in Slovak conditions. Rain gardens can be seen as a part of sustainable design and application of ecological principles in changing natural conditions. The simplicity of a rain garden represents combination of rainwater management and flower planting, which is a strong landscaping element because of the connection between ecology and aesthetics. Plants used in rain gardens help to keep water by the root system and, after that, to transpire it. Another importance of this kind of arrangement is its simplicity and positive impact on creation of a new bio-retentive ecosystem, which is able to safely collect, absorb, filtrate and carry off rain water from paved areas. Many foreign countries have understood their importance and have already implemented them in new projects of public and private spaces. This paper also describes a theoretical planting proposal of a rain garden in a housing estate in the city of Nitra to demonstrate a real application of this technique in Slovak conditions.
Content of Selected Bioactive Substances in Dependence on Lighting in Microgreens
Authors: Andrejiová Alena , Hegedűsová Alžbeta , Mezeyová Ivana , Kóňová Elka
Published: June 2017

Young plants, also called “microgreens”, are different kinds of vegetables, grains and herbs grown to the phenological phase of cotyledons, or to the development of the first pair of true leaves. The aim of the work was to study the influence of lighting on the young plants quality in selected 11 vegetables species. The experiment was carried out during the winter time in a heated greenhouse of the Botanical Gardens of SUA in Nitra. For the lighting there were used linear fluorescent lamps FLUORA T8 - L 36W / 77 - G13 during the whole period of cultivation. According to our results, the lighting had a positive impact on the quality of harvested plants. The higher contents of vitamin C, chlorophyllaand chlorophyllbwere estimated in comparison with the control variant without lighting.
Implementation of the AHP Method for Determining the Weights of Factors Decisive for the Location of the Municipal Waste Conversion Plant, on the Example of the City of Krakow
Authors: Siejka Monika , Mika Monika
Published: June 2017

The paper proposes a methodology for calculating the weights of factors determining the choice of location of municipal waste incineration plant (MWIP). Objective and accurate determination of the weights offers the optimal choice of location. To achieve the planned purpose, the method of the analytical hierarchical process was applied. The study included seven potential locations for the municipal waste incineration plant, located within the area of the city of Krakow. The objective of the analysis, which is the subject of this publication, is determination of weights of factors decisive for the choice of MWIP location. These weights were calculated using the method of the analytical hierarchical process. The choice of the method is dictated by the fact that in the studied case we deal with multivariate analysis, and its components are described both in quantitative and qualitative ways.