bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROFIL KEMAMPUAN SISWA KELAS VII DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL CERITA PADA MATERI BILANGAN BULAT
Authors: F. Mbari Maria , D. Djong Kristoforus , V. Uskono Irmina , D Nai Yustinus
Published: September 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan profil kemampuan siswa kelas VII dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita pada materi bilangan bulat Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang dilaksanakan di kelas VII SMPK St. Theresia. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari satu siswa dengan kemampuan matematika tinggi (ST), satu peserta didik dengan kemampuan matematika sedang (SS), dan satu peserta didik dengan kemampuan matematika rendah (SR). Instrumen penelitian terdiri dari instrumen utama yaitu peneliti sendiri, dan instrumen pendukung yaitu tes penyelesaian soal cerita matematika materi bilangan bulat, dan pedoman wawancara. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa subjek dengan kemampuan tinggi mampu memahami soal dengan baik, menerjemahkan soal kedalam model matematika, serta menyelesaikan model matematika, dan menentukan jawaban atas masalah pada soal cerita; subjek dengan kemampuan matematika sedang pada nomor 1 belum mampu mencapai empat indikator dalam kemampuan menyelesaikan soal cerita, tetapi  pada nomor 2 peserta didik dengan kemampuan matematika sedang mampu mencapai empat indikator   sehingga hasil yang diperoleh sesuai. (3) subjek dengan kemampuan matematika rendah belum memahami soal, menerjemahkan soal kedalam model matematika, menyelesaikan model matematika dan memperoleh jawaban atas masalah pada soal sehingga hasil yang diperoleh salah
Histopathological Features of Colorectal Polyps and Tumors at Sumber Waras Hospital from 2015-2023
Authors: Jovial Jovial , Sugiharto Sony
Published: September 2024

Colorectal tumours pose a significant global health issue, including in Indonesia. The development of colorectal polyps and tumours involves various risk factors such as poor lifestyle choices, male gender, and advancing age. This study aims to determine the characteristics of patients with colorectal polyps and tumours, their histopathological features, and the most common gender and age group for each histopathological feature. The study was conducted at Sumber Waras Hospital, implementing a descriptive cross-sectional approach with retrospective data of 113 patients with colorectal polyps and tumours from 2015-2023. This study's findings indicate that most patients were males (58.4%), with the highest number in the 61-70 age group (29.2%). Among non-neoplastic lesions, inflammatory polyp was the most prevalent histopathological finding (18.3%), whereas adenocarcinoma (NOS) was the most common feature among all neoplastic lesions (53.3%). All non-neoplastic lesions were predominantly found in males. Neoplastic lesions such as adenocarcinoma (NOS), mucinous adenocarcinoma, neuroendocrine tumours, and lymphoma were also more prevalent in males. In contrast, adenoma, signet ring, and squamous cell carcinoma were more frequently found in females. Non-neoplastic lesions such as hamartoma were most common in the 11-20 age group, while hyperplastic and inflammatory polyps were prevalent in the 61-70 age group. Neoplastic lesions such as adenoma were most prevalent in the 61-70 and 71-80 age groups; mucinous adenocarcinoma and lymphoma in the 51-60 age group; adenocarcinoma (NOS), squamous cell carcinoma, and neuroendocrine tumours in the 61-70 age group; as well as signet ring cell carcinoma in the 71-80 age group. To reduce the prevalence of colorectal polyps and tumours, it may be crucial to consider performing histopathological examinations for a thorough evaluation, given their wide variety that requires different diagnostic and treatment strategies.

 

Keywords: Age Group, Colorectal Polyp, Colorectal Tumor, Gender, Histopathological Features
Distribution of Respiratory Infection Viruses in 2019-2020 Season and Determination of Oseltamivir Resistance of Influenza Viruses
Authors: Kaya Tuğba , Terzi Hüseyin Agah , Toptan Hande , Kahraman Kılbaş Elmas Pınar , Bayrakdar Fatma , Cosgun Yasemin , Köroğlu Mehmet , Elmas Bahri , Güçlü Ertuğrul , Altındiş Mustafa
Published: September 2024

Objective: This study aimed to determine the seasonal distribution of the factor data of viral agents determined by the multiplex PCR method in routine practice in patients admitted to the hospital with upper respiratory tract infection symptoms and to detect oseltamivir resistance in viruses that are positive for Influenza A (H1N1).

Methods: Nasopharyngeal swab and bronchoalveolar lavage samples of 354 patients between the ages of 0-94 who were admitted to the Sakarya University Sakarya Training and Research Hospital with symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection between 12 September 2019 and 19 February 2020 were studied with the multiplex PCR method. Oseltamivir resistance was investigated in 11 samples selected from Influenza A (H1N1) positive samples by Sanger sequence analysis method.

Results: One or more respiratory viruses were identified in 233 (66%) of 354 respiratory samples evaluated. Of these, 64 (27.5%) are Influenza A/H1N1, 4 (1.7%) are Influenza A/H3N2, 24 (10.3%) are Influenza B, 64 (27.5) are Respiratory. Syncytial Virus A/B (RSV A/B), 58 (24.9%) Rhinovirus/Enterovirus, 18 (7.7%) Adenovirus, 12 (5.2%) Human Metapneumo Virus (hMPV) ), 10 (4.3%) Bocavirus, 4 (1.7%) Parainfluenza 1, 7 (3%) Parainfluenza 3, 3 (1.3%) Parainfluenza 4, 5 (2.1%) were found to be Coronavirus HKU1 and 13 (5.6%) were found to be Coronavirus NL63. More than one factor was detected simultaneously in 45 of 233 positive samples (19.3%). Oseltamivir resistance was not found in any of the 11 influenza A/H1N1 positive samples.

Conclusion: No oseltamivir resistance was observed in any of the Influenza A/H1N1 positive samples evaluated in this study. Periodic analysis of influenza A/H1N1 strains for oseltamivir resistance is necessary to guide empirical treatment.
Exploring the Satisfaction Level with the Complete Anatomy-Like Three-Dimensional Anatomy Applications: A Case Study from Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine
Authors: Çolak Tuncay , Daylan Koçkaya Pınar , Sivri İsmail , Kaygın Emre , Özden Furkan Mehmet
Published: September 2024

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of the three-dimensional anatomy learning application, called “Complete Anatomy” on students and to assess user satisfaction.

Methods: A survey was conducted among volunteers who had used the application among the first and second-year students at Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine. Participants were asked to complete a ten-question survey measuring age, gender, and application satisfaction. Responses were evaluated on a five-point Likert-type scale (strongly agree, agree, undecided, disagree, strongly disagree). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS, version 22.0.

Results: A total of 148 participants took part in the study. Of the participants; 69.6% found the application easy to use, 81.8% found the application enjoyable, 78.4% liked the application, 81.8% stated that they learned new things about anatomy through the application, 83.8% preferred such applications over traditional teaching methods, 62.2% felt more prepared for exams after using the application, 80.4% would recommend the application to their friends, 70.9% learned topics they couldn't learn through traditional education, 76.4% stated that the application is easy to understand, and 90.5% believe that the application would be beneficial when used alongside traditional education.

Conclusion: The results of the study demonstrated that three-dimensional anatomy applications, such as Complete Anatomy, positively impact student satisfaction and learning experiences. These applications can add variety to education content by being added to traditional learning methods and offer an opportunity to enrich the anatomy learning process for students. However, further research is necessary to better understand the effectiveness of such applications in the future.
‘Slow Time Like the Present’
Authors: Leeming Beatrice
Published: September 2024

Romanian New Wave cinema (rnw) has been recognised as a medium that addressed the way people felt about their historical trauma, a vernacular insertion nuancing declarations that Nicolae Ceausescu was a ‘megalomaniacal dictator’, and a means to attract and negotiate international interest in the country’s culture. rnw was a subversive and self-conscious commentary on the experience of transition from communism to capitalism as much as aesthetic entertainment. This article argues that rnw was critical of the idea of a transformative watershed – predominant in conceptions of 1989 across the Euro-Atlantic space – and qualifications of the teleological imaginary that encompassed it. Drawing on film theory, as well as the tension between collective and individual memory, the author argues that rnw was a self-conscious and creative effort at commemorating a past, contributing to a more democratic debate about the ways in which recent history bears upon the present.
PECULIARITIES OF DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH POST-COVID-19 INTERSTITIAL LUNG ABNORMALITY ON AN EXAMPLE OF CLINICAL CASES
Authors: Dovgan A. O. , Konstantinovych T. V.
Published: September 2024

According to scientific sources, in 30 % of patients with postCOVID-19 syndrome, additional examination reveals respiratory symptoms, namely a significant decrease in the diffusion capacity of the lungs (DLCO) and associated damage to the pulmonary interstitium. A comparison of interstital lung disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis pathogenesis revealed several common mechanisms: excessive activation of the immune system, secretion of proinflammatory and profibrotic cytokines, damage to the epithelium and endothelium, excessive production of extracellular matrix components, and a decrease in the functional properties of the lungs. Interstitial lung diseases (ILD) is a heterogeneous group characterized by various clinical, radiological, and pathological features that largely affect the lung parenchyma. Pulmonary fibrosis is a characteristic feature of various types of ILD, which are characterized by the presence of chronic inflammation and/or collagen deposition in the interalveolar space, which leads to insufficient passage of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules through the alveolar epithelium. The presented clinical cases demonstrate the diversity of the pulmonary interstitium lesions in long-COVID, which can be systematized by the correspondingly classified interstitial lung disease. Treatment of these diseases according to the accepted recommendations had a positive effect. Key words: post-COVID-19 syndrome, long-COVID-19, pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial lung diseases, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis.
SEVERE BRONCHIAL ASTHMA: DEFINITION, EVALUATION OF THE INFLAMMATORY PHENOTYPE, NEW PERSPECTIVES OF BIOLOGICAL THERAPY OF PATIENTS
Authors: Zaikov S. V.
Published: September 2024

According to general estimates, from 3�5 % and up to 10 % of patients with asthma have a severe course of the disease, which often continues to remain uncontrolled, despite the maximum use of inhaled corticosteroids and additional controller drugs. Severe asthma creates a large physical, mental, emotional, social and economic burden for patients and is often associated with multimorbidity. The heterogeneity of asthma drives research aimed at defining asthma phenotypes that ultimately reflect different underlying disease mechanisms, including pathogenetic processes and response to environmental factors. The clinical phenotypes of asthma are closely related to the underlying inflammatory processes in this disease and therefore can be divided into 2 main inflammatory phenotypes determined by the dominant immunological pathways that determine the pathology of bronchial asthma: eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic. Phenotyping patients is important for the differential diagnosis of asthma, risk assessment, treatment selection, and monitoring response to treatment. Accurate identification of the phenotype is particularly important for the selection of a biological drug for the treatment of severe asthma and for predicting the response to treatment with it. But these phenotypes are not fixed and can change over time in response to new environmental triggers (viral infections, inhaled allergens, smoking, air pollution). The main cytokines in the T2 type of inflammation in the airways, which is characteristic of severe asthma, are IL-4, IL-5 and IL- 13, IL-17, but an equally significant role in this process is also played by alarmins (inflammation mediators produced, in particular, cells of the bronchial epithelium), which include IL-33, IL-25 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP). Clinical features of asthma associated with TSLP include: 1) degree of severity; 2) risk and frequency of exacerbations; 3) the degree of lung function decline; 4) decrease in the patient's response to glucocorticosteroids; 5) decrease in immune response and susceptibility to acute respiratory viral infections; 6) potential remodulation of the respiratory tract; 7) bronchial hyperreactivity and mucus blockage. Therefore, the role of TSLP in the pathogenesis of severe asthma is very significant, so its therapeutic effect (anti-TSLP therapy using tezepelumab) can be considered a new promising direction of biological therapy for patients with bronchial asthma, especially in its severe form. Key words: bronchial asthma, severe form, type 2 inflammation, biomarkers of inflammation, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, biological therapy, tezepelumab.
Goal-Oriented Online Self-Presentations: The Development and Validation of the GO-SP Scales and Their Links with Authenticity, Audience Size, and Platform Choices.
Authors: Vanhoffelen Gaëlle , Schreurs Lara , Vandenbosch Laura
Published: September 2024

Previous research has mainly been focusing on the authenticity level of online self-presentations when studying their self-effects, overlooking the role of users’ underlying motivational goals to present themselves online. Accordingly, the current research developed and validated four new scales to measure adolescents’ goal-oriented online self-presentations (GO-SP’s). Based upon cognitive interviews (nstudy1=7) and two cross-sectional studies (nstudy2=278; nstudy3=535), a scale for self-enhancement GO-SP’s, self-transcendence GO-SP’s, openness-to-change GO-SP’s, and conservation GO-SP’s could be discerned. Structural validity, construct validity, and metric measurement invariance across age, gender, and country (Belgium, France, Slovenia) were established for all scales. Additionally, the study provides descriptive insights into the average levels of subjective authenticity, the preferred platform choices, and the preferred audience size of each GO-SP scale.
Substance use-related stigma and syringe sharing among Tajik labor migrants who inject drugs in Moscow
Authors: Mackesy-Amiti Mary Ellen , Levy Judith Ann , Williams Leslie D. , Luc Casey Morgan
Published: September 2024

Background. Both stigma and needle-sharing are well-documented as contributing independently to risk for HIV and hepatitis C among people who inject drugs (PWID). Few studies, however, have examined the relationship between drug-related stigma and the practice of sharing syringes. This research examines the effects of enacted and internalized drug-related stigma in relation to receptive syringe sharing among Tajik labor migrants who inject drugs in Moscow. Like other temporary workers in Russia from Central Asian countries, Tajiks constitute a large and highly marginalized migrant population within this host destination.Methods. We recruited 420 male Tajik labor migrants who inject drugs in Moscow for a peer-education HIV prevention trial. Prior to the intervention, participants were interviewed about their injection and sexual risk behavior. Psychosocial measures included substance-use related internalized stigma, family-enacted stigma, police harassment; peer norms for safer injection; and safer injection self-efficacy. A series of regression analyses followed by structural equation modeling investigated for possible relationships among psychosocial variables and receptive syringe sharing in the past three months.Results. The results of the SEM analysis indicate that family-enacted stigma contributed significantly to internalized stigma (b=0.60, p<.01), but had a relatively small effect on safer injection self-efficacy (b=-0.09, p<.05). Police-enacted stigma influenced needle sharing both directly (b=0.83, p<.01), and to a lesser extent indirectly (b=0.06, p<.01) via its effects on peer norms (b=0.52, p<.01) and safer injection self-efficacy (b=-0.28, p<.01). Conclusion. Drug-use related internalized stigma does not appear to be a major driver of receptive syringe sharing among Tajik labor migrants who inject drugs in Moscow. Although family-enacted stigma contributes to internalized stigma, it may be moderately protective against syringe sharing. Police actions against PWID increase the likelihood of syringe sharing through effects on peer network norms and safer injection self-efficacy.
The Efficacy of Early Language Intervention in a Community-Based Parent Education Program: Isolating the Key Components in LENA StartTM
Authors: Reggin Lorraine , Wydeven Janelle , Graham Susan , Pexman Penny M.
Published: September 2024

LENA StartTM is a group program designed to educate parents about early childhood language development to increase language input for children aged 0 to 3. This community-based study evaluated key program components – recordings, training, and feedback – over 10-weeks across three groups: full LENA StartTM program (n= 347), recordings and feedback (n= 66), and recordings only (n= 51). Overall, growth curve analyses revealed significant variability in all six outcome measures, emphasizing the complex factors influencing child and parent communication. Effects of time were significant, particularly on adult word count, conversational turns, and developmental snapshot scores. However, non-linear trends for adult words and conversational turns revealed an initial increase that levelled off across recording sessions. There were no significant group differences across time on any recording measures. Families who received feedback (LENA StartTM and Recordings + Feedback groups) increased the amount of family reading time, and families who received programming showed significantly greater increases in parent surveys measuring knowledge and confidence in parenting. Reported reading time was positively associated with the number of adult words and conversational turns measured by LENA recordings, as well as developmental snapshot scores. In contrast, electronic noise was negatively associated with the number of adult words, conversational turns, and child vocalizations. Implications for using the LENA StartTM program to increase language input to children are discussed.
Social competencies mediate relationships between styles of social media usage and psychosocial wellbeing
Authors: Pennington Charlotte Rebecca , Murray Evelyn , Kaye Linda Katherine , Burgess Adrian , Kessler Klaus , Shaw Daniel
Published: September 2024

Background & Aim: Studies have produced inconsistent findings when exploring relationships between social media usage (SMU) and wellbeing. This likely reflects the vast heterogeneity in subjective measures of SMU, coupled with a lack of consideration for the factors that influence different styles of SMU and drive individual differences in susceptibility to their effects. To advance our understanding of social media effects, the present study used a novel objective measure of individuals’ behaviour on social networking sites to examine whether distinct SMU styles are related differentially to social competencies that support real-world social interaction, and if these user characteristics mediate relationships between SMU styles and indices of psychosocial wellbeing. Methods: A total of 509 participants (261 females) completed the Social Networking Site Behaviour Task that measured styles of SMU objectively, the Multidimensional Social Competency Scale that captured self-reported competencies in seven domains of interpersonal behaviour, and four subjective measures of psychosocial wellbeing. Findings: We identify interactive, reactive and passive SMU styles, reveal that users expressing these distinct styles differ on several social competencies, and discover that these competencies mediate differential relationships between SMU styles and indices of psychosocial wellbeing. Discussion: Just as individual differences in social competencies manifest in face-to-face interactions, we suggest that they also underpin SMU styles and shape individual differences in susceptibility to their effects on wellbeing.
Registered Replication Report: Johns, Schmader, & Martens (2005)
Authors: Stoevenbelt Andrea Helena , Flore Paulette Carien , Wicherts Jelte M. , Bergers Rachel , Calin-Jageman Robert , Gomez Luis Angel , Hüffmeier Joachim , Imundo Megan N , Martin Scott , Pan Steven C. , Phillips Lorraine , Pietschnig Jakob , Ripp Tilli , Röer Jan Philipp , Schleu Joyce Elena , Torka Ann-Kathrin , Verschuere Bruno , Voracek Martin , Weiss Luca-Alexander Serafin
Published: September 2024

Stereotype threat refers to the fear of being judged based on negative stereotypes about the performance of a certain group one identifies with. Numerous published studies have found that stereotype threat might lower mathematics test performance among women. However, many studies used suboptimal designs and analyses; the literature might be subject to publication bias; and the cross-cultural generalizability of the effect remains unknown. This registered replication report describes the result of eight direct replications (total N = 1502) of a representative stereotype-threat study by Johns et al. (2005), who found that threatened women (but not men) underperform when they are confronted with a mathematics test that is presented to measure gender differences, and that this effect can be alleviated by altering test instructions. A multilevel analysis showed no significant interaction effect between stereotype-threat condition and gender, and only an observed gender gap on the mathematics test, with women performing worse than men (d = -0.37; 95%CI[-0.49; -0.25]). The stereotype-threat effect among women was virtually null and not significant (N = 822, d = -0.006; 95% CI[-0.15; 0.14]), and considerably smaller than the original study (N = 45, d = -0.82; 95 %CI[-1.45; -0.18]). Secondary analyses yielded a main effect of gender composition and a random effect of lab, but neither variable affected the interaction between stereotype threat and gender. The current results fail to replicate the stereotype-threat effect by Johns et al. (2005), hence casting doubt on the generalizability of the effect of stereotype threat on women’s mathematics performance.
Rushed decisions rely on confirmation bias, not less caution
Authors: Wang Jia-Shun , Evans Nathan J. , Donkin Chris
Published: September 2024

The Speed-Accuracy Trade-off (SAT) is one of the most well-established examples of the adaptability of human decision-making, where faster decisions can come at the expense of accuracy. For simple decisions, the threshold-based account, which says that individuals gather less evidence when responding quickly, is widely accepted. We present a fundamentally different account, arguing that evidence accumulation is more self-excitatory under time pressure, and show that it provides a better explanation of the SAT across six existing datasets (fits to 179 individuals across more than 78,000 trials). We demonstrate that this model better captures key behavioral patterns than the traditional evidence-threshold model, and is more parsimonious than a collapsing-threshold model, which can also account for the data in principle. Finally, we propose that self-excitation emerges from a confirmation bias in attention allocation, such that initially promising evidence is preferentially attended and so drives the decision process when making fast decisions.
Neurophysiological Mechanisms of Focused Attention Meditation: A Scoping Systematic Review
Authors: Lieberman Jonathan , McConnell Patrick , Estarellas Mar , Sacchet Matthew
Published: September 2024

Focused attention meditation (FA-M) is a foundational and widely studied practice that cultivates sustained attention by focusing on a specific object, such as the breath, while disengaging from distractions. Numerous studies have investigated the neurophysiological mechanisms of FA-M, examining aspects such as oscillatory activity, connectivity patterns, and neural entropy. However, despite this extensive research, clarity regarding the methodological approaches and key findings in this field remains limited. This scoping systematic review aimed to collate and interpret key information from EEG and MEG studies on FA-M, with a focus on study population composition, experimental design, and neurophysiological outcomes. Our findings revealed substantial heterogeneity in participant characteristics, potentially contributing to variability in neurophysiological results, while the choice of FA-M tasks and control conditions was relatively consistent. In terms of neurophysiological outcomes, consistent trends indicate that FA-M is associated with increased power in the alpha, beta, and gamma bandwidths, as well as heightened complexity and reduced criticality measures. Based on the findings of this review, we propose several methodological recommendations to improve the quality of future research. Additionally, we identified significant evidence gaps when considering the whole body of research, including the limited use of MEG and a lack of longitudinal studies, pointing to areas for future investigation. Overall, this review provides a firm grounding for the study of the neurophysiology of FA-M, as well as the study of advanced meditation and neuroscience-informed meditative development.
From grey to black markets - Experimental data on algorithmically driven digital drift into crime on Snapchat
Authors: Aaagsen Kristoffer , Demant Jakob
Published: September 2024

Objectives: This study examines how social media algorithms on platforms such as Snapchat contribute to the digital drift from legal to illegal content.Methods: A novel experiment was conducted using 40 covert profiles engaging with grey markets on Snapchat. These profiles engaged with legal content related to nicotine products or digital sex work. The study involved monitoring whether Snapchat’s friend recommendation algorithm would suggest connections to illegal drug dealers.Results: Within four days, 65% of the profiles were directed to drug dealers through Snapchat’s recommendations despite no prior engagement with illegal content. This shows that the algorithm can push users from legal to illegal activities directly in the app.Conclusions: The findings highlight the role of social media algorithms in enabling digital drift into crime, transforming these platforms from offender convergence spaces to facilitators of illegal activities. Further research should explore algorithmic biases and their implications for digital criminology.
A model of dialogic public engagement with genetics and genomics research
Authors: Milne Richard , Bircan Tuba , Middleton Anna
Published: September 2024

Genetics has long been an area of substantial scientific and clinical focus. In the UK in the last decade initiatives such as the 100,000 Genomes Project and the creation of Genomics England have pioneered the incorporation of genomics into clinical care, while Our Future Health forms a cornerstone of the UK’s industrial life sciences strategy. A key feature of the genetics and genomics landscape has been attention to the importance of patient and public views – from the development of genomic research databases and UK Biobank through to ongoing policy recognition of, and commitment to, public engagement and dialogue. Despite the growing emphasis on public engagement within the field of genetics and genomics, there remains a significant gap in our understanding of how dialogic engagement - characterised by reciprocal communication and mutual learning - can be effectively measured and evaluated. Existing studies have predominantly focused on public attitudes, knowledge, and participation in genetics, yet they often overlook the deeper, qualitative dimensions of engagement that dialogue-based approaches seek to foster. Moreover, while models of public engagement have been widely discussed, there is a paucity of research that specifically addresses the unique challenges and opportunities presented by dialogic methods within the context of genetics and genomics. This study aims to address these gaps by developing a robust model and corresponding measures that capture the nuanced and dynamic nature of dialogic public engagement in this field, thereby providing a more comprehensive framework for evaluating the effectiveness of such initiatives.
Ways to Improve the Efficiency of Control Mechanisms in the Sphere of Public Procurement
Authors: Igonina Elena , Vorobeva Elena
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Corrupt practices constitute permanent threats to economic security and the main obstacle to the effective satisfaction of state needs through the mechanisms of the contract system. Control, as an integral function of any management cycle, plays a special role in the sphere of public procurement, since this area is directly related to the use of budget funds. Purpose. The article investigates the main results of the effectiveness of control in the sphere of public procurement at the departmental level (within the framework of the functioning of state control and supervisory bodies), internal control of customers, as well as public control over procurement activities in Russia. Methods. The determination of the possible vectors of control mechanisms in procurement was based on scientific works in the field of legal analysis of monitoring contractual activities by the state and society. In order to assess the effectiveness of control activities, statistical information on the activities of state bodies was studied in the field of procurement using comparative and statistical methods. Results. Based on the results of the analysis of departmental control in various state bodies, we proposed to create a general information base for recording the results of control in the field of procurement. Within the framework of improving the mechanisms of intra-departmental control of customers, the need to introduce standardization mechanisms in the approaches to assessing the performance of contractual services was justified. Conclusion. The system of control in the sphere of procurement for the needs of society and the state has a wide range of opportunities for effective reduction of corruption and its prevention. At the same time, it is possible to improve the efficiency of the system by means of individual point reforms.
Features of Accounting under Uncertainty and Risk Conditions
Authors: Agafonova Nelly , Chernikova Svetlana
Published: September 2024

Introduction. The purpose of the activity of each commercial organization is to make a profit, and therefore it is especially important, given the limited labor, material and financial resources, to achieve the planned performance indicators presented in both financial and non-financial assessments. Risks arising in conditions of external and internal uncertainty have an impact on the implementation of the financial and economic activity plan. To ensure the continuity of an economic entity's activities, it is necessary to form a flexible accounting system that accumulates information not only about the facts of economic life that have occurred, but also their characteristics from the perspective of risk-oriented management, in order to reduce the impact of uncertainty conditions on the financial results and property status of the organization. Purpose. Identification of accounting system problems in conditions of risk and uncertainty. Methods. The work uses general scientific research methods - comparison and analysis at each of the presented stages of the study based on an information base, including open data sources, scientific publications of Russian and foreign authors. Results. The key results of the study are 1) the differentiation of the definitions of "risk" and "uncertainty"; 2) the comparison of the chronology of the development of risk management and accounting; 3) the establishment of conceptual problems in accounting under conditions of risk and uncertainty. Conclusions. This study confirms and identifies conceptual problems in accounting in conditions of uncertainty and risk, pointing to the need to develop organizational and methodological foundations based on theoretical principles, which in turn will increase the competitiveness of economic entities of different forms of ownership and types of activity.
Current Approaches to the Interaction Between Regional Public Authorities and Socially Oriented Non-Profit Organizations
Authors: Urasova Anna , Tsarenko Irina , Ivonin Vladimir
Published: September 2024

Introduction. At present, all levels of government are continuously working on the formation of global information space and digital technologies in order to improve the information accessibility of the activities in public authorities of Russian constituent entities. The need for a more detailed analysis of this direction actualizes scientific research to develop promising areas of interaction between regional public authorities and socially oriented non-profit organizations (hereinafter - SO NPOs). The purpose of the research is to reveal current approaches to understanding the interaction between regional public authorities and SO NCOs. Methods. Criteria and support forms for SO NPOs were considered on the basis of the system method. Provisions and conclusions were substantiated by logical and structural analysis in terms of disclosing theoretical approaches and identifying the main problems in the interaction between regional public authorities and SO NPOs. Results. The article reveals current approaches to understanding the interaction between regional public authorities and SO NCOs. Conclusions. The research can be used in the improvement of mechanisms for the introduction of digital technologies in the system of state and municipal governance in the regions of the Russian Federation to improve the quality of interaction between the regional authorities and the non-profit sector.
Peran Produser Televisi dalam Menghadapi Krisis Produksi Berita pada Program Election di Nusantara TV
Authors: Yunisa Rizki Sendy , Ramadhani Beby , Belgia Ratu Jasmine , Harisnanda Rizky
Published: September 2024

ABSTRAKSI
Produser memegang peran penting dalam memastikan kelancaran dan kualitas program. Ruang lingkupnya seorangproduser bertanggung jawab terhadap penciptaan dan pengembangan ide untuk produksi acara televisi, Mereka bisadikatakan sebagai ketua tim, mengkoordinasikan berbagai elemen produksi dan memastikan konten berita yang disampaikan akurat, informatif dan menarik. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi agenda setting dalamproduksi berita program Election di Nusantara TV. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitiandesktriptif kualitatif dengan melakukan pengumpulan data berupa wawancara dan observasi yang dilakukan langsung di kantor statisun televisi Nusantara TV dengan produser program Elction. Peneltian ini menggunakan teori agenda setting sebagai landasannya. Hasil penelitian ini Pada penelitian ini dapat ditemukan bahwa breaking news adalah sebuah krisispada suatu program. Pada breaking news yang harus ditayangkan, peran produser di haruskan untuk menyelaraskanberita yang tayang sesuai dengan kebijakan redaksional media. hal ini dilihat dari pemilihan narasumber, sudut pandangpembawaan berita, sehingga sesuai dengan agenda media.
Kata Kunci : Agenda Setting, Produser Televisi, Produksi Berita, Nusantara TV
 
ABSTRACT
Producers play a crucial role in ensuring the smoothness and quality of programs. Their scope of responsibility includes creating and developing ideas for television show production. They can be seen as team leaders, coordinating various production elements and ensuring that the news content delivered is accurate, informative, and engaging. The aim of this research is to identify agenda setting in the news production of the Election program at Nusantara TV. The research method used is qualitative descriptive research, involving data collection through interviews and direct observations at Nusantara TV's office with the producers of the Election program. This research is grounded in agenda setting theory. The findings of this study reveal that breaking news represents a crisis in a program. In dealing with breaking news that needs to be aired, producers are required to align the news broadcast with the media's editorial policies. This can be seen in the selection of sources, the news presenter's perspective, ensuring alignment with the media agenda.
Keywords: Agenda Setting, Television Producers, News Production, Nusantara TV
Pengaruh Personal Branding Gemoy Terhadap Keputusan Pemelihan Gen Z
Authors: Ningtyas Dito Anjasmoro , Priskila Oki , Haikal Haikal
Published: September 2024

Meningkatnya peran media sosial dan internet dalam proses kampanye serta komunikasi politik, strategi politik semakin mengandalkan teknologi informasi untuk membangun identitas politik dan memenangkan dukungan publik. Dalam menghadapi Pemilihan Presiden 2024, Prabowo Subianto dan tim kampanyenya telah mengubah strategi mereka dengan mengadopsi gaya "gemoy" sebagai upaya untuk menarik perhatian pemilih, terutama generasi muda yang aktif di media sosial. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif yang didesain sebagai penelitian survei deskriptif eksplanatori yang bersifat korelasional dan pengaruh. Metode survei digunakan untuk mengambil sampel dari satu kelompok populasi dan menggunakan kuesioner yang terstruktur sebagai alat pengumpulan data utama untuk mendapatkan informasi yang spesifik.penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa personal branding "Gemoy" Prabowo Subianto memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pemilihan Gen Z di Indonesia. Dari ketiga elemen personal branding yang diuji, yaitu clarity, specialization, dan consistency, hanya konsistensi yang konsisten menunjukkan pengaruh signifikan terhadap semua aspek keputusan pemilihan, yaitu afeksi, konasi, dan perilakuelemen konsistensi dalam personal branding "Gemoy" Prabowo Subianto memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap afeksi, konasi, dan perilaku pemilih Gen Z dalam Pemilu Presiden 2024. specialization menunjukkan pengaruh signifikan terhadap perilaku, sementara clarity tidak signifikan terhadap ketiga aspek tersebut
The Governance of Cybercrime: An Ecological Approach
Authors: Dupont Benoît
Published: September 2024

Cybercrime is now the most common form of crime in Canada and causes significant financial and psychological harm. The criminal justice system struggles to address cybercrime due to its complexity, scale, and global nature. Criminologists are also challenged to think about cybercrime beyond established theoretical frameworks. An interdisciplinary approach is required to understand this phenomenon and enable us to craft effective policies. The discipline of ecology can provide valuable insights and a practical integrative framework through the concepts of community, interaction, and emergent effects. First, a high-level outline is provided of how the cybercrime ecosystem can be analyzed using basic ecological concepts and principles. This framework is then applied to the security community, showing how it is populated with a diversity of organizational and institutional entities that can be enabled or compelled to act in ways that enhance online security through a broad set of regulatory strategies. Finally, three innovative configurations that take advantage of this regulatory pluralism and novel forms of collaboration are described to illustrate how alternatives can be implemented to mitigate the negative impacts of cybercrime with promising outcomes.
Vizualization Method for Vapor Film Collapse Mode on Liquid Quenching in Group Processing
Authors: Sugimoto Tsuyoshi
Published: September 2024

The vapor film collapse that occurs in the quenching process is complicated and unstable, these affects the heat treatment quality and its distortion. Particularly in mass production, where production costs are taken into consideration, products are often packaged in group load setting, so it is very important to know the deformation variation and distribution within that process. In order to incorporate it into the MBD technology required these days, it is necessary to predict the quality of heat treatment by CAE, shorten the product development period. However, in the past day, in order to formulate the vapor film collapse on a simulation, it was necessary to perform a very large amount of computational fluid dynamics calculation (CFD), because of a problem in computer resources and the model of vapor film collapse. In addition, this phenomenon has an complexity behavior of the phenomenon in iterative processing in mass production, which also complicates the calculation. The vapor film collapse phenomenon was visualized by using cellular automaton simulation its include the phenomena of “Vapor film thickness”, “Flow disturbance”, “Surface step of workpiece”, “the pressure for vapor film”. In this study, the Markovian property of vapor film surface vibration was clarified, and the heat treatment deformation instability of ring-shaped parts due to it was predicted.
Anisotropy and Metal Structure Characteristics of 3D Metal Printer Materials Due to Carburization
Authors: Goto Syun , Sugimoto Tsuyoshi , Nanko Makoto , Ideta Natsumi
Published: September 2024

Metal additive manufacturing is a molding method with a high degree of freedom because it can be created from high-strength materials using by CAD, etc. In recent years, there is a demand for metal additive manufacturing due to the demand for more complex mechanisms and shape in industrial products. However, the mechanical properties of metal additive manufacturing materials as metallic materials are not clear compared to metallic materials by melting method. In this study, two types of metal additive manufacturing (AM) materials with different lamination directions are carburized and heat treated to clarify the differences from general metallic materials and to clarify the causes. The carburized AM materials were confirmed to have a surface hardness of 550HV and a total carburization depth of 200 μm, but the amount of carburization differed depending on the orientation. In addition, when analyzed with a SEM, a metal structure was formed in an equiaxed crystal shape, and segregation of metal elements was observed.
Tribological Performance of Ni-Based Self-Lubricating Claddings for High Temperature Forming of Lightweight Alloys
Authors: Podgornik Bojan , Šetina-Batič Barbara , Ripoll Manel Rodriguez
Published: September 2024

The aim of the present research work was to investigate tribological performance and potential of Ni-based self-lubricating claddings for high temperature forming of lightweight alloys. Laser claddings included in this investigation were based on Ni-matrix with the incorporation of 5 wt% silver and 10 wt% MoS2 as solid lubricant precursors. Tribological evaluation and testing was performed by Load- Scanner to simulate hot forming process and results compared to high performance hot work tool steel. To simulate hot forming process of forging, wire drawing and extrusion, tests were done at room and elevated temperatures (150°C and 300°C) against typical light-weight alloys, including AISI 316L stainless steel, 6xxx series Al alloy and Ti6Al4V Ti alloy and results evaluated in terms of coefficient of friction vs. load, critical loads for galling initiation and volume of adhered work material. Results show that self-lubricated claddings with incorporated MoS2 and Ag as solid lubricants in general provide lower and more stable friction as well as improved galling resistance in high temperature forming of lightweight alloys. Positive effect of self-lubricating claddings intensifies with forming temperature, degree of plastic deformation and work material tendency to galling.
How to Improve the Performance and Longevity of Induction Tooling Components
Authors: Lynch David
Published: September 2024

This presentation will discuss the most common types of induction tooling failures and the best practices to improve the performance and longevity of inductor coils, bus bars quenches and related tooling. We will discuss the harsh environment of a typical induction machine installation and what can be done to reduce contamination, which is the leading cause of tooling failure. Robust tooling designs and how water cooling is essential to longevity shall be discussed. Cooling water temperature and how the water is presented and routed through the tooling components and the impact this has on performance and longevity shall be discussed. We will discuss the use of proper materials, fittings and hoses which are often overlooked and can be detrimental to a process if not correctly selected. We will cover the induction machine and how it is essential to have a proper earth ground and the importance of proper machine fixturing and alignment. We shall discuss the importance of scheduled machine maintenance, scheduled service and calibration. The presentation will summarize the most common types of failures, how maintenance is essential for longevity and the importance of high-quality robust tooling.
Partitioning Effects during the Heat Treatment of Martensitic Stainless Steels and Its Consequences on Properties and for Practical Application
Authors: Schneider Reinhold , Kresser Simona , Zunko Horst , Sommitsch Christof
Published: September 2024

Martensitic stainless steels are an important group of steels for applications as knives, tools & molds and highly loaded parts in the food and plastics processing industry as well as for machinery components. Their typical hardening consists of quenching and (multiple) tempering (Q&T). As many of these steels contain at least smaller amounts of retained austenite (RA) after quenching, partitioning of carbon and nitrogen from the martensite into the RA can take place during tempering, changing it from Q&T to quenching & partitioning (Q&P).

This contribution provides as systematic overview of such partitioning effects on the microstructure like the amount and stability of retained austenite as well as on subsequent effects on material properties such as hardness, toughness, strength and ductility. The various effects were investigated on several steel grades and cover also the effect of variation in heat treatment parameters like austenitizing temperature, quench rate, quenching temperature, number, duration and temperature of the tempering, respectively partitioning.

The results clearly show that partitioning dominates over tempering effects at temperatures up to 500°C. Higher quenching temperatures can increase the RA-content similar to higher austenitizing temperatures. Lower quench rates can reduce it due to carbide (nitride) precipitation. Rising tempering (partitioning) temperatures up to 400°C enhances the austenite stabilization. Higher amounts of RA with reduced stability promotes transformation induced plasticity (TRIP), providing the possibility to optimized ductility and tensile strength but reduces yield strength. Increased amounts of RA with sufficient stability increases impact toughness at slightly reduced hardness. Increasing the tempering temperature above 500°C in contrast promotes, after a certain nucleation time, carbide and nitride precipitation, resulting in the elimination of the retained austenite and therefore a typical tempering condition.