bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Case Study Based Learning for System Development
Authors: Shriram Revati , Daimiwal Nivedita
Published: September 2022

The presented case study based activity supports collaboration between students. Case study based activity consists of a story of an organization and how the problem is solved by using planning strategy, coordination and using any advance system for example management information system is a subject which can be taught using the case study based activity .Outcome to analyse the problem, develop problem solving capabilities and to take appropriate decision that leads to success.

The student’s role is to read and explore case study. Participate in online discussions, lead a discussion, engage in classroom discussion and present their reflections. Finally the discussion leads to idea or solution to the problem.

The teacher’s role is to select the appropriate case study or story or provide case material, set up questions and explain requirements or expectations. The teacher should keep the discussion on track and make sure that all the questions are answered. Finally teacher should read or summarize the points of discussion .The teacher should prepare rubric for final grading.

The paper deals with how this activity was implemented to teach management information system (MIS) subject of final year engineering study.
BORDERLİNE KİŞİLİK BOZUKLUĞUNDA EMPATİ
Authors: Faraji Haydeh , İpek Betül
Published: September 2022

Borderline Kişilik Bozukluğu (BKB), duygulanımda dalgalanmaların, kişilerarası ilişkilerde dengesizliğin ve benlik karmaşasıyla beraber dürtüsel davranışların olduğu bir psikiyatrik bozukluktur. BKB tanısı almış olan bireylerin, tutarsız davranışlarının varlığı kişiler arası ilişkilerdeki işlev kaybı ve zorlanmalara neden olmaktadır. Bireyin kendisini karşısındaki bireyin yerine koyarak, ilgili durum ve yaşantıya karşısındaki bireyin penceresinden bakması ve karşısındaki bireyin duygu, düşüncesini hissetmesi empati olarak tanımlanır. BKB üzerine yapılan çalışmalara bakıldığında kişilerarası ilişkilerde önemli bir rolü olan empatinin BKB söz konusu olduğunda farklılaşabildiği görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada BKB’de empatinin değerlendirilmesini sağlamak amacıyla borderline kişilik bozukluğunda empati olgusu üzerine yapılan araştırmalara ilişkin araştırma bulgularına yer verilmiş, araştırma, konuyla ilgili yayınların retrospektif taranması biçiminde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmalar ışığında BKB tanısı almış olan bireylerin kişiler arası ilişkilerinde empati yetilerindeki farklılaşmanın rolü olabileceği görülmektedir. BKB tanısı alan bireylerin ebeveyn ilişkileri, aile tutumları ve travmatik ve/veya olumsuz çocukluk dönemi yaşantılarının empati becerisinde azalma özellikle de bilişsel empati becerisinde azalma ile ilişkili olduğu belirtilmektedir.
Prediction of Low Birth Cases
Authors: Sahana G  , Mr. Srinivasulu M
Published: September 2022

Every father or mother in the world desires their baby to be healthy. A baby's weight is the most correct indicator of its health. each for the docs and the parents, the baby's anticipated beginning weight falling inside the ordinary vary is a signal that the child is healthy. An anomaly can also be indicated by means of a sizeable departure. Unknowingly or deliberately, it ought to be the end result of a shift in the mother's routines or a trade in the environment. The ethnicity of the parents, their degree of education, the mother's health, and different elements can all make contributions predict the beginning weight. Along with variations in consuming habits and environment, vicinity is additionally crucial. The frequent weight distribution for a unique class of folks can be envisioned the usage of a massive facts set containing these characteristics.
Informação e resistência na era da sociedade da transparência: a reconstrução do ethos democrático enquanto espaço de liberdade
Authors: Scudeller de Souza Gabriel , Antonio Sabbag Deise Maria , Achilles Daniele
Published: September 2022

Objetivo: O artigo se propõe a pensar a importância da resistência, por meio da negatividade e da falibilidade humanas, presentes na dialética que constrói o indivíduo e permite sua emancipação, na tentativa de proporcionar a reconstrução da política pelas práticas subjetivas e institucionais. A sociedade caminha pautada pela informação e pela comunicação, especialmente a partir das novas tecnologias e pela disseminação e uso das redes sociais.
Método: O método que pautou a construção do artigo foi o dedutivo, tendo como embasamento teórico o conteúdo epistemológico de instrumentos bibliográficos, resenhas e materiais científicos.
Resultado: verificou-se que a sociedade se apropria da informação e comunicação por meio das novas tecnologias, principalmente pelo uso das redes sociais; dessas tecnologias e da matéria prima informacional pelas grandes empresas, que dominam o cenário mundial a partir da análise e extração de dados, utilizados para segmentação do mercado e renderização. Forças homogeneizantes trabalham coesas para os interesses do capital, qual seja o neoliberalismo no mundo contemporâneo.
Conclusões: Nessa ótica, há interferência nos direitos humanos e no sistema democrático, bem como a consagração de um novo dispositivo de poder, que se traduz numa psicopolítica neoliberal. A questão da liberdade é posta em discussão a partir da manipulação e controle social exercido pelos detentores do psicopoder, o que busca romper com espaços banais e tudo aposta na técnica elevada à máxima potência. Os espaços informacionais institucionalizados podem oferecer elementos para a experiência e prática de resistência e liberdade para a construção e formação do ethos democrático, pois a informação tem o dínamo do atravessamento e da deriva que possibilita o encontro de novos caminhos, novos lugares, invenção, conhecimento e reconhecimento.
Estudo da terminologia da área disciplinar de Direito e a proposição de um Sistema de Organização do Conhecimento em Direito Penal
Authors: Silva Costa Larissa , Veloso da Costa Santos Maria José , Lisboa da Silveira Guedes Vania
Published: September 2022

Objetivo: Investigar a produtividade e a frequência de uso de termos nos textos de artigos de periódicos na área de Direito e propor um Sistema de Organização do Conhecimento (SOC), a saber, um protótipo de glossário especializado em Direito Penal.
Método: Utiliza a abordagem quali-quantitativa, bibliográfica e exploratória. Para a composição da amostra, foram selecionados artigos na área de Direito, em língua portuguesa, publicados no triênio 2018-2020, em títulos periódicos indexados na base Qualis Periódicos classificados em estrato A1. Foi utilizado o software RankWords para contagem de palavras e aplicada a fórmula do Ponto de Transição de Goffman para a delimitação da Região de Transição.
Resultado: Foram recuperados 38 artigos sobre Direito Penal publicados em 05 títulos de periódicos e, após análises dos textos, foram considerados 122 termos para composição do glossário especializado em Direito Penal.
Conclusões: O objetivo central de propor um SOC em Direito Penal foi atingido, representado pela criação do protótipo de glossário especializado. Do ponto de vista metodológico, as leis, técnicas e princípios bibliométricos, especificamente o cálculo do Ponto de Transição e a delimitação da Região de Transição de Goffman, possibilitaram a validação dos termos selecionados para a composição do SOC. Por fim, entende-se que o estudo é uma contribuição para as áreas de representação e organização da informação e do conhecimento na Biblioteconomia e de Direito.
Why bother? What our eyes tell about psych verb (non) causative constructions
Authors: Gattei Carolina A , Alvarez Federico , París Luis , Wainselboim Alejandro , Sevilla Yamila , Shalom Diego
Published: September 2022

We present an eyetracking study that investigates how linking is achieved during real-time comprehension of Spanish sentences with causative psych verbs and alternative case marking. This group of verbs lead to verbs’ argument structures that require direct or inverse syntax-to-semantics linking according to the type of case marking assigned to their object. The study aimed at disentangling whether processing inverse linking was more costly than direct linking, and exploring how incremental argument interpretation takes place when lexemes that accept several case markings are used. Results showed that during incremental comprehension, inverse linking is more difficult than direct linking, irrespective of word order. As for argument interpretation, the current study partially replicated the results of previous studies conducted in this language using different verb types. Findings are discussed under the light of different psycholinguistic models addressing case marking processing and incremental linking.
COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPHY
Authors: Rouf Mustofa Muhammad , Nurjannah
Published: September 2022

Dalam perkembangannya saat ini teori pendekatan CBT mempunyai ciri khas tersendiri dalam menangani masalah klien khususnya di Indonesia dengan berbagai penelitian yang sudah dilakukan. Teori yang satu dengan teori yang lain juga memiliki ciri khas tersendiri. Tak jarang, sebuah teori konseling lahir dari ketidakpuasan terhadap teori-teori konseling sebelumnya tidak terkecuali CBT. Kritik terhadap CBT sendiri diungkapkan pada jurnal yang ditulis oleh Wahyu Nanda Eka Saputra dan Santi Widiasari yang berjudul Acceptance and commitment therapy: the new wave of cognitive behavior therapy, Indonesian Journal of School Counseling, penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Longmore & Worrell (2007) yang menyimpulkan bahwa intervensi kognitif tidak secara konsisten memberikan nilai tambah bagi intervensi perilaku. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk menemukan teori atau konsep baru CBT Islami dengan kelemahan-kelamahan yang ditemukan pada penelitian sebelumnya. Metode jurnal review digunakan peneliti untuk mengkaji beberapa sumber-sumber yang membahas terkait sejarah, kritik, dan konsep penyempurnaan berdasarkan nilai islam
MENGATASI KESULITAN BELAJAR DENGAN MEMAHAMI GAYA BELAJAR
Authors: Sukartawan Ahmad
Published: September 2022

Dalam proses pendidikan, setiap individu memiliki gaya belajar sendiri. Gaya belajar bisa dikatakan kecenderungan seseorang untuk mengadaptasi suatu strategi belajar tertentu dengan mencari dan mencoba. Cara tersebut berbeda antar siswa yang satu dengan siswa yang lain. Gaya belajar yang sesuai adalah kunci keberhasilan bagi seorang siswa dalam belajar dan mengatasi kesulitan belajar pada siswa. Fokus penelitian ini terletak pada cara mengatasi kesulitan belajar siswa dengan mengetahui gaya belajar siswa. Dalam mengetahui gaya belajar, peneliti menggunakan pendekatan Visual, Audio dan Kinestetik (VAK), dan Multiple Intellegence. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan setting yang alami (natural) di MIN 2 Jembrana Bali. Data diambil dengan cara peneliti terjun langsung ke MIN 2 Jembrana Bali. Data dikumpulkan dengan melalui wawancara, mengamati proses belajar mengajar serta dokumentasi lainnya yang mendukung proses pengumpulan data. Tujuan utama, yaitu mengambarkan secara sistematis fakta dan karakteristik obyek atau subyek yang ditelti secara tepat. Dengan harapan menjadi sumbangsih dalam dalam dunia pendidikan. Khususnya terkait mengatasi kesulitan belajar siswa. Dalam mengetahui gaya belajar siswa,  guru di MIN 2 Jembrana Bali tidak menggunakan teori tertentu melainkan menggabungkan beberapa teori seperti STIFIn dan Multiple Intelligence (kecerdasan majemuk). Guru masih menggunakan strategi pembelajaran model lama dan belum berpatokan pada gaya belajar siswa. Kesulitan belajar siswa Al-Ahsan karena proses pembelajaran tidak memperhatikan gaya belajar. Berdasarkan temuan, peneliti menyarankan: (1) Agar proses pembelajaran yang diselenggarakan dapat berjalan efektif dan diikuti oleh siswa maka guru perlu mengenali gaya belajar siswa, (2) madrasah perlu menjalin kerjasama dengan pihak lain yang mempunyai kemampuan untuk melakukan assement terkait gaya belajar siswa, (3) madrasah perlu membekali guru dengan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan praktis mengenai gaya belajar siswa, dan (4) guru Bimbingan Konseling (BK) perlu memfasilitasi pengenalan gaya belajar siswa
Ateşli Silah Yaralanması Sonrası Oluşan Rektovezikal Fistülde Hasta Yönetimi: Olgu Sunumu
Authors: ALYANAK Ahmet , GÜLEN Merter , EGE Bahadır
Published: September 2022

Penetrating injuuries to the pelvis and perineum may cause fistulas between the rectum and lower urinary tract. These injuries are often complex. It can cause difficulties for a successful repair. Operative strategies may require initial fecal and/or urinary diversion with a final trans – perineal, trans-anal, or posterior/transrectal approach. However, the approach chosen should be based on the precise anatomical localization of the injury. In this case, we wanted tos hare our experience with gastrointestinal- genitourinary fistula management with you. Keywords: Rectovesical fistula, urogenital injury, fistula repair
Towards the establishment of an entrepreneurial culture at Eastern Cape Technikon : a strategy within the Department of Electrical Engineering
Authors:   , Sitshinga Mlungisi Martin
Published: September 2022

The study examined the perceptions of the Eastern Cape Technikon (ECT) Department of Electrical Engineering (DEE) learners on entrepreneurship education as part of their curriculum, their learning styles and learning approaches. This was important in order for the researcher to devise teaching approaches and materials that would suit their learning styles and approaches. The study was therefore based on the assumption that changing from traditional to innovative learning and teaching approaches would motivate and better prepare learners to become entrepreneurs.
An investigation of the change process and its effect on employees : a case study of Antalis (Pty) Ltd
Authors:   , Stevens Craig
Published: September 2022

The research study conducted was an investigation into the change process and its effect on employees, a case study of Antalis (Pty) Ltd. The objective of the research was to achieve a better understanding of how the company had changed and whether or not the change process was the correct one to have undertaken under the circumstances, and to investigate the effects the change had on the employees and the culture of the company.
Recommendations for improvement of supply chain management at Era Beier
Authors:   , Moodley Yegambarum
Published: September 2022

The study examines the supply chain management, within the business unit of EraBeier(Pty) Ltd. This business is situated in Pinetown South Africa. The concept of supply chain management is examined in terms of quality of material supplied, supplier evaluation, logistics, inventory and purchasing. These facets identified by the concept of supply chain management are prerequisites to achieving continuous process flow, are deemed crucial for effectiveness.
AVALIAÇÃO DO POTENCIAL DA ACTIVIDADE INSECTICIDA DOS ÓLEOS ESSENCIAIS EXTRAÍDOS DE AZADIRACHTA INDICA E RICINUS COMMUNIS L SOBRE LARVAS DE ANOPHELES SPP E AEDES SPP
Authors: Barroso Jose Andre
Published: September 2022

O presente trabalho foi realizado com objectivo de avaliar a eficácia dos óleos essenciais extraídos de Azadirachta indica e Ricinus communis L sobre larvas de Anopheles spp e Aedes spp. Os testes foram conduzidos no laboratório biológico da Faculdade de Ciências - Universidade Agostinho Neto em salas climatizadas a temperatura de 25 ± 2º C. Para a obtenção das populações de Anopheles spp e Aedes spp colectou-se directamente porções de água contendo larvas e ovos em criadouros existentes no distrito do Sambizanga e utilizou -se armadilhas de colecta de larvas e ovos no município de Viana, e distrito da Maianga. Para a obtenção dos óleos essenciais utilizou-se o método de prensagem a frio descrito por PINHEIRO, 2003. As larvas obtidas foram contadas, separadas e transferidas, para copos plásticos transparentes descartáveis com capacidade 100 ml contendo 30 ml de água, contabilizou-se 15 larvas por copo. Verificou-se a mortalidade das larvas de Anopheles spp após 12, 24, e 36 horas e para larvas Aedes spp em 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 e 8 dias de exposição ao tratamento. Constatou-se que em todas as concentrações testadas dos óleos essenciais das espécies vegetais de Ricinus communis L e Azadirachta indica ocasionaram mortalidade de 100% da população de larvas Anopheles spp em 24 horas, com a CL100 de 947 ppm. Enquanto sobre as larvas de Aedes spp observou-se maior eficácia na acção conjunta dos óleos essenciais ocasionando mortalidade de 100% da população na concentração de 947 ppm em 4 dias.
Springtime nitrogen oxides and tropospheric ozone in Svalbard: results from the measurement station network
Authors: Dekhtyareva Alena , Hermanson Mark , Nikulina Anna , Hermansen Ove , Svendby Tove , Holmén Kim , Graversen Rune Grand
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Svalbard is a remote and scarcely populated Arctic archipelago and is considered to be mostly influenced by long-range-transported air pollution. However, there are also local emission sources such as coal and diesel power plants, snowmobiles and ships, but their influence on the background concentrations of trace gases has not been thoroughly assessed. This study is based on data of tropospheric ozone (O3) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) collected in three main Svalbard settlements in spring 2017. In addition to these ground-based observations and radiosonde and O3 sonde soundings, ERA5 reanalysis and BrO satellite data have been applied in order to distinguish the impact of local and synoptic-scale conditions on the NOx and O3 chemistry. The measurement campaign was divided into several sub-periods based on the prevailing large-scale weather regimes. The local wind direction at the stations depended on the large-scale conditions but was modified due to complex topography. The NOx concentration showed weak correlation for the different stations and depended strongly on the wind direction and atmospheric stability. Conversely, the O3 concentration was highly correlated among the different measurement sites and was controlled by the long-range atmospheric transport to Svalbard. Lagrangian backward trajectories have been used to examine the origin and path of the air masses during the campaign.
Attribution of surface ozone to NOx and volatile organic compound sources during two different high ozone events
Authors: Lupaşcu Aurelia , Otero Noelia , Minkos Andrea , Butler Tim
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Increased tropospheric ozone (O3) and high temperatures affect human health during heat waves. Here, we perform a source attribution that considers separately the formation of German surface
ozone from emitted NOx and volatile organic compound (VOC) precursors during two peak ozone events that took place in 2015 and 2018 which were associated with elevated temperatures. Results showed that peak ozone concentrations can be primarily attributed to nearby emissions of anthropogenic NOx (from Germany and immediately neighboring countries) and biogenic VOC. Outside of these high ozone episodes, baseline ozone concentrations are attributed primarily to long-range transport, with ozone due to remote anthropogenic NOx emissions and methane oxidation adding to the tropospheric ozone background. We show that a significant contribution to modeled O3 coming from German NOx or VOC emissions occurs mostly in southern Germany, emphasizing that the production of ozone depends on the local interplay between NOx and VOC precursors. Shipping activities in the Baltic and North seas have a large impact on ozone predicted in coastal areas, yet a small amount of ozone from these sources can also be seen far inland, showing the importance of transported ozone on pollution levels. We have also shown that changes in circulation patterns during the peak O3 episodes observed in Germany during the 2015 and 2018 heat waves can affect the contribution of different NOx emission sources to total O3; thus, the possible influence of multiple upwind source regions should be accounted for when mitigation strategies are designed. Our study also highlights the good correlation between ozone coming from German biogenic VOC emissions and total ozone, although the diurnal variation in the ozone coming from biogenic sources is not dominated by the diurnal variation in biogenic emissions, and the peaks of ozone from biogenic sources are disconnected from local emission peaks. This suggests that the formation of O3 from local German biogenic VOC emissions is not the sole factor that influences the ozone formation, and other meteorological and chemical processes affect the diel variation of ozone with a biogenic origin. Overall, this study helps to demonstrate the importance of a source attribution method to understand the sources of O3 in Germany and can be a useful tool that will help to design effective mitigation strategies.
Implementation and initial calibration of carbon-13 soil organic matter decomposition in the Yasso model
Authors: Mäkelä Jarmo , Arppe Laura , Fritze Hannu , Heinonsalo Jussi , Karhu Kristiina , Liski Jari , Oinonen Markku , Straková Petra , Viskari Toni
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Soils account for the largest share of carbon found in terrestrial ecosystems, and their status is of considerable interest for the global carbon cycle budget and atmospheric carbon concentration. The decomposition of soil organic matter depends on environmental conditions and human activities, which raises the question of how permanent are these carbon storages under changing climate. One way to get insight into carbon decomposition processes is to analyse different carbon isotope concentrations in soil organic matter. In this paper we introduce a carbon-13-isotope-specific soil organic matter decomposition add-on into the Yasso soil carbon model and assess its functionality. The new 13C-dedicated decomposition is straightforward to implement and depends linearly on the default Yasso model parameters and the relative carbon isotope (13C/12C) concentration. The model modifications are based on the assumption that the heavier 13C atoms are not as reactive as 12C. The new formulations were calibrated using fractionated C, 13C and δ13 measurements from litterbags containing pine needles and woody material, which were left to decompose in natural environment for 4 years. The introduced model modifications considerably improve the model behaviour in a 100-year-long simulation, where modelled δ13 is compared against fractionated peat column carbon content. The work presented here is a proof of concept and enables 13C to be used as a natural tracer to detect changes in the underlying soil organic matter decomposition.
Particulate organic matter in the Lena River and its Delta: From the permafrost catchment to the Arctic Ocean
Authors: Ogneva Olga , Mollenhauer Gesine , Juhls Bennet , Sanders Tina , Palmtag Juri , Fuchs Matthias , Grotheer Hendrik , Mann Paul J. , Strauss Jens
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Rapid Arctic warming accelerates permafrost thaw, causing an additional release of terrestrial organic matter (OM) into rivers, and ultimately, after transport via deltas and estuaries, to the Arctic Ocean nearshore. The majority of our understanding of nearshore OM dynamics and fate has been developed from freshwater rivers, despite the likely impact of highly dynamic estuarine and deltaic environments on transformation, storage, and age of OM delivered to coastal waters. Here, we studied OM dynamics within the Lena River main stem and Lena Delta along an approximately ∼1600 km long transect from Yakutsk, downstream to the delta disembogue into the Laptev Sea. We measured particulate organic carbon (POC), total suspended matter (TSM), and carbon isotopes (δ13C and ∆14C) in POC to compare riverine and deltaic OM composition and changes in OM source and fate during transport offshore. We found that TSM and POC concentrations decreased by 55 and 70 %, respectively, during transit from the main stem to the delta and Arctic Ocean. We found deltaic POC to be strongly depleted in 13C relative to fluvial POC, indicating a significant phytoplankton contribution to deltaic POC (∼68 ±6 %). Dual-carbon (∆14C and δ13C) isotope mixing model analyses suggested an additional input of permafrost-derived OM into deltaic waters (∼18 ±4 % of deltaic POC originates from Pleistocene deposits vs ∼ 5 ±4 % in the river main stem). Despite the lower concentration of POC in the delta than in the main stem (0.41 ±0.10 vs. 0.79 ±0.30 mg L-1, respectively ), the amount of POC derived from Pleistocene deposits in deltaic waters was almost twice as large as POC of Yedoma origin in the main stem (0.07 ±0.02 and 0.04 ±0.02 mg L-1, respectively). We assert that estuarine and deltaic processes require consideration in order to correctly understand OM dynamics throughout Arctic nearshore coastal zones and how these processes may evolve under future climate-driven change.
Effects of fire danger indexes and land cover on fire growth in Peru
Authors: Podschwit Harry , Jolly William , Alvarado Ernesto , Markos Andrea , Verma Satyam , Barreto-Rivera Sebastian , Tobón-Cruz Catherine , Ponce-Vigo Blanca
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Statistical analyses of wildfire growth are rarely undertaken, particularly in South America. In this study, we describe a simple and intuitive difference equation model of wildfire growth that uses a spread parameter to control the radial speed of the modeled fire and an extinguish parameter to control the rate at which the burning perimeter becomes inactive. Using data from the GlobFire project, we estimate these two parameters for 1003 large, multi-day fires in Peru between 2001 and 2020. For four fire-prone ecoregions within Peru, a set of 18 generalized linear models are fit for each parameter that use fire danger indexes and land cover covariates. Akaike weights are used to identify the best-approximating model and quantify model uncertainty. We find that, in most cases, increased spread rates and extinguish rates are positively associated with fire danger indexes. When fire danger indexes are included in the models, the spread component is usually the best choice. We also find that forest cover is negatively associated with spread rates and extinguish rates in tropical forests, and that anthropogenic cover is negatively associated with spread rates in xeric ecoregions. We explore potential applications of this model to wildfire risk assessment and burned area forecasting.
PInc-PanTher estimates of Arctic permafrost soil carbon under the GeoMIP G6solar and G6sulfur experiments
Authors: Liu Aobo , Chen Yating , Moore John C.
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Circum-Arctic permafrost represents a tipping element for the Earth's climate system that must be maintained to avoid catastrophic climate change. Solar geoengineering (SG) has the potential to slow Arctic temperature rise by increasing planetary albedo, but could also reduce tundra productivity. Here, we improve the data-constrained PInc-PanTher model of permafrost carbon storage by including estimates of plant productivity and rhizosphere priming on soil carbon. Six earth system models are used to drive the model, running two SG schemes (G6solar and G6sulfur), and scenarios with substantive (SSP2-4.5) and no (SSP5-8.5) mitigation efforts. By 2100, simulations indicate that the permafrost area is expected to decrease by 9.2±0.4 (mean ± standard error), 5.6±0.4, 5.8±0.3, and 6.1±0.4 million km2 and soil carbon loss will be 81±8, 47±6, 37±11, and 43±9 Pg under SSP5-8.5, SSP2-4.5, G6solar and G6sulfur, respectively. Uncertainties in permafrost soil C loss estimates arise mainly from changes in vegetation productivity due to climate warming and CO2 fertilization. The increased input flux from vegetation to soil raises, while the priming effects of root exudates lowers soil C storage conservation, with the net effect mitigating soil C loss. Despite model differences, the protective effects of the G6solar and G6sulfur experiments on permafrost area and soil carbon storage are consistent and significant at the 95 % level for all six ESM. SG mitigates ~1/3 of permafrost area loss and halves carbon loss for SSP5-8.5, averting about $20 trillion in economic losses by 2100 and might provide a sustainable income stream for the Arctic population.
The bulk parameterizations of turbulent air–sea fluxes in NEMO4: the origin of sea surface temperature differences in a global model study
Authors: Bonino Giulia , Iovino Doroteaciro , Brodeau Laurent , Masina Simona
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Wind stress and turbulent heat fluxes are the major driving forces that modify the ocean dynamics and thermodynamics. In the Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean (NEMO) ocean general circulation model, these turbulent air–sea fluxes (TASFs) can critically impact the simulated ocean characteristics.
This paper investigates how the various bulk parameterizations used to calculate turbulent air-sea fluxes in NEMOv4 can lead to substantial differences in the estimation of sea surface temperatures (SSTs). Specifically, we study the contributions of different aspects and assumptions of the bulk parameterizations in driving the SST differences in the NEMO global model configuration at 1/4∘ of horizontal resolution.
These aspects include the use of the skin temperature instead of the bulk SST in the computation of turbulent heat flux components and the estimation of wind stress and turbulent heat flux components, which vary in each parameterization due to different bulk transfer coefficients. The analysis of a set of short-term sensitivity experiments where the only change is related to one of the aspects of the bulk parameterizations shows that parameterization-related SST differences are primarily sensitive to wind stress differences and to the implementation of skin temperature in the computation of turbulent heat flux components.
In addition, in order to highlight the role of SST–turbulent heat flux negative feedback at play in ocean simulations, we compare the TASF differences obtained using the NEMO ocean model with the estimations by Brodeau et al. (2017), who compared the different bulk parameterizations using prescribed SSTs. Our estimations of turbulent heat flux differences between bulk parameterizations are weaker than those found by Brodeau et al. (2017).
Contribution of Rock Glacier Discharge to Late-Summer and Fall Streamflow in the Uinta Mountains, Utah, USA
Authors: Munroe Jeffrey S. , Handwerger Alexander L.
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Water draining from rock glaciers in the Uinta Mountains of Utah (USA) was analyzed and compared with samples of ground water and water from the master stream in a representative 5000-ha drainage. Rock glacier water resembles snowmelt in the early summer, but transitions to higher values of d-excess and greatly elevated Ca and Mg content as the melt season progresses. This pattern is consistent with models describing a transition from snowmelt, to melting of seasonal ice, to melting of perennial ice in the rock glacier interior in late summer and fall. Water derived from this internal ice appears to have been the source of ~25 % of the streamflow in this study area during September of 2021. This result emphasizes the significant role that rock glaciers can play in the hydrology of high-elevation watersheds, particularly in summers following a winter with below average snowpack.
Streamflow Estimation in Ungauged Regions using Machine Learning: Quantifying Uncertainties in Geographic Extrapolation
Authors: Le Manh-Hung , Kim Hyunglok , Adam Stephen , Do Hong Xuan , Beling Peter , Lakshmi Venkataraman
Published: September 2022

Abstract. The majority of ungauged regions around the world are in protected areas and rivers with non-perennial flow regimes, which are vital to water security and conservation. There is a limited amount of ground data available in such regions, making it difficult to obtain streamflow information. This study examines how in situ streamflow datasets in data- rich regions can be used to extrapolate streamflow information into regions with poor data availability. These data-rich regions include North America (987 catchments), South America (813 catchments), and Western Europe (457 catchments). South Africa and Central Asia are defined as data-poor regions. We obtained 81 catchments and 133 catchments for these two data-poor regions, respectively, and assumed they are pseudo ungauged regions for our analysis. We trained machine learning (ML) algorithms using climate and catchments attributes input variables in data-rich (i.e., source) regions and analyzed the possibility of using these pre-trained ML models to estimate climatological monthly streamflow over data-poor (i.e., target) regions. We found that including diverse climate and catchment attributes in training data sets can greatly improve ML algorithms' performance regardless of significant geographical distance between input datasets. The pre-trained ML models over North America and South America could be used effectively to estimate streamflow over data-poor regions. This study provides insight into the selection of input datasets and ML algorithms with different sets of hyperparameters for a geographic streamflow extrapolation.
Improvements to the detection and analysis of external surges in the North Sea
Authors: Müller Alexander , Gerkensmeier Birgit , Bratz Benedikt , Krautwald Clemens , Müller Olaf , Goseberg Nils , Gönnert Gabriele
Published: September 2022

Abstract. External surges are a key component of extreme water levels in the North Sea. Caused by low pressure cells over the North Atlantic and amplified at the continental shelf, they can drive water level changes of more than one meter at the British, Dutch and German coast. This work describes an improved and automated method to detect external surges in sea surface time histories. The method is used to analyse tide gauge and meteorological records from 1995 to 2020 and to supplement an existing dataset of external surges, which is used in the determination of design heights of coastal protection facilities. Furthermore, external surges are analysed with regard to their annual and decadal variability, corresponding weather conditions and their interaction with storm surges in the North Sea. 33 % of the 101 external surge occur within close succession of each other, leading to the definition of serial external surges, in which one or more external surges follow less than 72 h after the previous external surge. These serial events tend occur more often during wind–induced storm surges. Moreover, the co–occurrence with a storm surge increases the height of an external surge by 15 % on average, highlighting the importance of the consideration of combined events in coastal protection strategies. The improved dataset and knowledge about serial external surges extend the available basis for coastal protection in the North Sea region.
Mechanisms and effects of under-ice warming water in Ngoring Lake of Qinghai–Tibet Plateau
Authors: Wang Mengxiao , Wen Lijuan , Li Zhaoguo , Leppäranta Matti , Stepanenko Victor , Zhao Yixin , Niu Ruijia , Yang Liuyiyi , Kirillin Georgiy
Published: September 2022

Abstract. The seasonal ice cover in lakes of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau is a
transient and vulnerable part of the cryosphere, whose characteristics
depend on the regional climate: strong solar radiation in the context of the
dry and cold environment because of the high altitude and relatively
low latitude. We use the first under-ice temperature observations from the
largest Tibetan freshwater lake, Ngoring Lake, and a one-dimensional lake model to
quantify the mechanism of solar thermal accumulation under ice, which relies
on the ice optical properties and weather conditions, as well as the effect
of the accumulated heat on the land–atmosphere heat exchange after the ice
breakup. The model was able to realistically simulate the feature of
the Ngoring Lake thermal regime: the “summer-like” temperature stratification
with temperatures exceeding the maximum density point of 3.98 ∘C
across the bulk of the freshwater column. A series of sensitivity experiments
revealed solar radiation was the major source of under-ice warming and
demonstrated that the warming phenomenon was highly sensitive to the optical
properties of ice. The heat accumulated under ice contributed to the heat
release from the lake to the atmosphere for 1–2 months after ice-off,
increasing the upward sensible and latent surface heat fluxes on average by
∼ 50 and ∼ 80 W m−2,
respectively. Therefore, the delayed effect of heat release on the
land–atmosphere interaction requires an adequate representation in regional
climate modeling of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau and other lake-rich alpine
areas.
PENERAPAN MODEL WATERFALL DALAM PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI BERBASIS WEB PADA DEVAN PETSHOP
Authors: Hazanah Eka Kurniatun , Oktaviani Anggi , Nurfalah Ridan
Published: September 2022

Devan Petshop merupakan salah satu toko hewan peliharaan yang menjual produk kebutuhan hewan peliharaan juga jasa seperti klinik hewan. Media pemasaran Devan Petshop yang belum menggunakan media elektronik maupun online menyebabkan para konsumen yang ingin mengetahui apa saja yang ditawarkan pada Devan Petshop harus mengunjunginya langsung ke toko. Untuk mempermudah konsumen dalam pelayanan yang ditawarkan seperti memesan kebutuhan hewan, memantau kesehatan hewan, perawatan hewan, serta penitipan hewan maka Devan Petshop membuat perancangan sistem informasi berbasis web. Dengan dibuatnya perancangan sistem informasi berbasis web ini untuk mempermudah Devan Petshop dalam penjualan dan juga untuk memperluas pemasaran produk. Sistem informasi yang dibangun juga dapat memberikan informasi yang akurat sesuai dengan keadaan aslinya yang dapat diakses dimana saja dan kapan saja. Dalam membangun perancangan sistem informasi ini menggunakan metode Waterfall yang didefinisikan Pressman suatu model klasik dalam membentuk software dengan sifat yang berurutan dari atas sampai kebawah, yang diartikan jika proses di atas belum selesai maka tidak bisa melanjutkan ke proses berikutnya. Membangun web tersebut juga menggunakan Bahasa pemrograman HTML, PHP, CSS, CI3 dan MySQL.
What are we missing in adult obstructive sleep apnea clinical evaluation? Review of official guidelines
Authors:   Hospital Quironsalud, Correa Eduardo J. , O´Connor-Reina Carlos ,   Hospital Quironsalud, Rodríguez-Alcalá Laura ,   Hospital Quironsalud, Conti Diego M. ,   University Gent Belgium, Rabino Alberto ,   Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires, Baptista Peter M. ,   Clinica Universitaria de Navarra, García-Iriarte María-Teresa ,   Hospital Universitario Virgen de Valme, Plaza Guillermo ,   Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada. Universidad Rey Juan Carlos
Published: September 2022

Purpose: This article presents a narrative review of current recommendations for the clinical evaluation and management of adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) to identify points missing from a myofunctional perspective. Methods: The authors reviewed current official guidelines for adult patients with OSA, searching clinical evaluation and treatment recommendations for myofunctional therapy. Results: None of the current guidelines for evaluation of adult OSA recommend performing a myofunctional evaluation. Only two guidelines consider myofunctional therapy (MFT) as a treatment modality for adult patients with OSA. Conclusion: Despite the role of the pharyngeal dilator muscles as an essential contributor to the pathogenesis of OSA, this review has shown that myofunctional assessment is still not a standard recommendation in current guidelines for adult OSA. Recent guidelines occasionally include MFT as a therapeutic tool for OSA. To strengthen the knowledge base and evidence for including MFT treatment for adult patients with OSA, the authors encourage physicians to incorporate myofunctional evaluation into their regular clinical practice.
Designing Media Architecture with virtual reality in Architecture Studio Education
Authors:   , Jenek Waldemar
Published: September 2022

Virtual reality can refine the methods and tools of existing design processes of Media Architecture. Architecture does not have to be static anymore. Architecture designs can be interactive and temporary and capable of shifting in a short time to address different problems or needs by incorporating media into architectural structures. Media Architecture can be understood objects with dynamic properties, such as interactive light sources or moving elements, which embody the physical space on an urban scale. Traditionally, architecture is designed with static design tools such as sketches, drawings and physical models. There is little research about how to employ design tools to capture interaction media design in an architectural context. Besides, in higher education, virtual reality design tools, such as real-time visualisation software, can refine traditional teaching approaches while discovering new ways of design thinking and creating design solutions in architecture schools.
Short and Long-Term Health Risks and Complexities among Caesarean Mothers and Babies in Bangladesh: A Case Study
Authors: Ara Dr. Esmat , Seddiky Dr. Md. Assraf , Bappy Md. Homaun
Published: September 2022

The number of caesarean deliveries in Bangladesh, like other developed countries in the world, has increased at an alarming rate. Contrary to conventional deliveries, C-section births are more dangerous and difficult, albeit they are occasionally unavoidable. This paper aimed at exploring the health risks and complexities of caesarean mothers and babies in Bangladesh. Researchers organized a field study in Sylhet district, the northeastern part of Bangladesh, and interviewed in persons with 45 participants including doctors from two medical college hospitals and mothers who underwent caesarean sections applying purposive sampling technique. Researchers used thematic analysis method for analyzing primary data. Researchers applied two cycle coding (open coding and selective coding) to formulate the large themes. Research findings reveal that most of the mother participants got caesarean delivery only for avoiding pain without having any pregnancy complexities. This unplanned decisions regarding the birth style lead to serious concerns on the health systems of mother and babies including bleeding, over pain, increased infections, injury to the organs, problems in the future pregnancy, premature birth, asthma, diabetes-1 and other physical and psychological problems. Besides, these risks tend to be higher in Bangladesh due to lack of expertise doctors, technology, infrastructure, awareness and weak management systems. Hopefully, this study findings would be a guideline for the future researchers, policy makers, practitioners, and relevant communities to avoid unplanned Caesars and minimize the health risks of caesarean mothers and babies.

Key words: Caesarean, risks, complexities, mother, babies, and Bangladesh
Perception of Transgenderism through Myths and Literature
Authors: Mohan Rajam
Published: September 2022

Transgenderism is a concept that has been prevailing in the society from the Vedic period and is acknowledged by both the society and people. Their presence and significance can be observed by brushing through the records like myth, legends, epic, etc. left by our predecessors. Yet, people in the present day society are still biased against the transsexuals and holds resistance towards them in the name of social taboos. Though they are forthcoming, legally recognized and are involved in many sectors, their status in the present day society is still between the rock and hard place especially in India, a so-called ‘religious’ nation. Thus an analysis has been done on the perception, significance and the acceptance of transsexuals through their portrayal in Hindu Mythology and modern day literature.

Keywords: Literature, Myths, Social Acceptance, Transgender
The Effect of Online Training Effectiveness and Motivation on PT XYZ Employee Performance
Authors: Sektiaji Sigit Herbowo , Sos S. , M M.
Published: September 2022

PT XYZ is a company State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN). The result of employee performance in PT XYZ in 2019 is 63.38% of PT XYZ's employee acquire an excellent performance, therefore the performance drastically decreased in every year until 2021. Otherwise, the amount of employee that acquire deficient performance increase to 77.6% in 2019 to 2021. The growth and declinement of the employee performance is allegedly influenced by the motivation and training that provided by PT XYZ a to the employee. The results showed that online training variable was in good category, where the indicator of knowledge had the highest score. Hygienic factor and motivator factor in the motivation variable is in the good category, where the indicator of interpersonal relationship in the hygienic factor had the highest value and the indicator of work in the motivator factor had the highest value. Furthermore, employee performance variable is in good category, where the indicator of attendance had the highest value. The result of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis showed that the online training had a direct positive and significant effect on employee performance, meaning that the better online training provided by the company the higher PT XYZ's employee performance improvement will be achieved. Motivation had a direct positive and significant effect on the employee performance, meaning that the better motivation provided by the company the higher PT XYZ's.

Keywords: Employee Performance, structural equation modeling, motivation, structural equation modeling, online training.
ASSOCIATION OF NATURAL KILLER CELLS ACTIVITY WITH THE INCIDENCE OF COLORECTAL NEOPLASIA AT SCREENING
Authors: AMANKULOV J.
Published: September 2022

Relevance: Increased natural killer cell (NK cells) activity reduces colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. Previously published studies examined the association of NK cells and CRC prevalence in individuals at high cancer risk.
The study aimed to study the relationship between NK cell activity and the incidence of advanced adenomas (AA) and CRC in a population with average cancer risk.
Methods: The activity of NK cells was assessed by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) of blood in participants of average risk with a
measurement range of 25-2500 pg/mL. The level of NK cells below 200 pg/mL was defined as pathological. The informativeness of
the diagnostic test for determining NK cell activity was assessed using indicators such as sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive
predictive value, and clinical utility index. The probability coefficient for the development of colorectal cancer was calculated using
logistic regression.
Results: NK cell activity was assessed in 354 persons of average risk (mean age – 59 years; 36% men). The diagnostic accuracy of
NK cells determination for CRC and AA was 76% and 72%, respectively, and the negative predictive value was 96%. The NK cell test
demonstrated a good negative clinical utility index for CRC and AA (0.66 and 0.74, respectively). Individuals with low NK cell levels were
seven times more likely to be diagnosed with CRC (95% CI 2.3-20.3; p<0.001). NK cell levels were higher in men compared to women
(549 pg/mL vs 500 pg/mL) and lower in smokers (412 pg/mL versus 544 pg/mL), non-athletic participants (413 pg/mL versus 654 pg/mL),
in people who abuse alcohol (389 pg/ml versus 476 pg/ml).
Conclusion: Our study shows that a high level of NK cells can potentially exclude CRC and AA in individuals with average cancer risk