bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
О ЗНАЧЕНИИ СТРАСБУРГСКОГО ПАПИРУСА ЭМПЕДОКЛА ДЛЯ ИСТОРИИ АНТИЧНОЙ ФИЛОСОФИИ
Authors: А.С. Афонасина
Published: November 2022

В работе подведены некоторые итоги нашего изучения Страсбургского папируса. Его издание в 1999 году стало настоящим событием в антиковедении, заставив исследователей с новой энергией обратиться к философскому наследию Эмпедокла. С новой силой встал вопрос о количестве поэм и их взаимосвязи, стало известно много новых строк, что позволило пересмотреть ранее принятый порядок фрагментов. В настоящем исследовании будут представлены два варианта реконструкции Собрания dс обсуждением их различий, рассмотрены ранее неизвестные строки из палимпсеста Геродиана и предпринята попытка вписать их в контекст поэмы. Речь пойдет также о последовательности строк во фрагменте из Плутарха, и о том, почему наличие стихометрического знака важно и на что это указывает.

In this paper I would like to summarize some results of my study of the Strasbourg papyrus. Its publication in 1999 was a real event in classical studies, which has forced many researchers to reconsider to the philosophical heritage of Empedocles. The question of the number of poems and their relationship became actual again; the verses newly found allowed to revise traditional order of fragments. This study presents two possible reconstructions of Collection d; I discuss previously unknown verses of the Herodian palimpsest, attempting to find their place within the poem. I also discuss the order of the verses in a Plutarch’s fragment and significance and importance of the stichometrical mark.
О ДОНАТОВОЙ “ARS GRAMMATICA” И ЗАГЛАВИЯХ ЕЕ ЧАСТЕЙ. К ПУБЛИКАЦИИ ПЕРЕВОДА ФРАГМЕНТОВ О ЗВУКЕ, БУКВЕ И СЛОГЕ (ARS GRAM. I.1 – I.3)
Authors: М.С. Петрова
Published: November 2022

В статье обсуждаются заглавия “Ars minor” («Малая грамматика») и “Ars maior” («Большая грамматика»), применяемые к релевантным частям “Ars grammatica” («Наука грамматики») Доната (IV в.). Анализируются титульные записи ранних (VIII–IX вв.) и более поздних (X–XI вв.) манускриптов, содержащих Донатов текст, рассматривается и систематизируется его содержание. Отмечается, что сам Донат не использовал заглавий “Ars minor” и “Ars maior” применительно к своей работе. Статья сопровождается комментированным переводом с латинского языка фрагментов о звуке (I. 1.), букве (I. 2.) и слоге (I. 3) из «Науки грамматики» Доната.

The paper discusses the titles “Ars minor” and “Ars maior” applied to the relevant parts of Donatus’ “Ars grammatica” (4th c.). For this, the titles of earlier (8–9th cc.) and later (10–11th cc.) manuscripts containing the text of Donatus are analyzed, the content of “Ars grammatica” is under consideration. It is noted that Donatus did not apply the titles “Ars minor” and “Ars maior” to this text. The translation of fragments from Donatus’ “Ars grammatica” considering “sound” (I.1.), “letter” (I. 2.) and “syllable” (I.3) is published.
Forms of cell death and targets at photodynamic therapy
Authors: Reshetov I. V. , Korenev S. V. , Romanko Yu. S.
Published: November 2022

The aim of the study is to study the results of the most significant studies on the forms of tumor cell death and targets in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Material and methods. On the problem, we analyzed the Scopus, WoS, MedLine databases and found 31 sources. Results. PDT is an important tool for studying the pathways leading to the complete devitalization of a malignant tumor. Moreover, subcellular targets in pdt are determined by the properties of photosensitizers (PS). Particularly effective targets are lysosomes and mitochondria, including those for class I PS, photofrin. This explains the effectiveness of photofrin, although it has a weak absorption band in the region of 630 nm with a limited penetration depth into tissues. The development of new PSs with subcellular targets of photofrin, but with an absorption band in the long-wavelength region, is becoming very topical. Such FS are ideal for PDT. Second-generation PSS have already been introduced into clinical practice. The effectiveness of PDT with the use of photoditazine was shown. The mechanisms of action and targets of this PS have been established. The latter include the vessel wall, cytoplasmic membranes, and internal structures of tumor cells. The main type of neoplastic cell death during PDT with photoditazine is direct photocoagulation and ischemic necrosis of the tumor parenchyma due to the destruction of the neoplasm vascular bed. Today, considerable attention is paid to the development of other new PSS, namely, bacteriochlorophyll-α derivatives, which have an intense absorption of radiation in the long-wavelength region of the spectral range. These include the disulfide-bpi conjugate, which contains 2 molecules of dipropoxybacteriopurpurinimide and a cystamine residue, the results of which showed its high efficiency due to the destruction of the tumor vascular bed, the rapid slowdown and/or cessation of cell proliferative activity and their death by necrosis and apoptosis. Rapid progress in studying the mechanisms of action of PDt has shown that autophagy triggering using the lysosomal compartment to degrade and utilize damaged cell organelles and paraptosis associated with defective proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum also play an important role in the elimination of tumor cells. Conclusion. Apoptosis, autophagy, and paraptosis can occur after photodamage to mitochondria, lysosomes, or the endoplasmic reticulum. The balance of cell death pathways is often a determining factor in the effectiveness of PDT.
Spleen-preserving D2 subtotal distal resection of the stomach and corpocaudal resection of the pancreas after neoadjuvant induction chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy: case report and literature review
Authors: Skoropad V. Yu. , Petrov L. O. , Kudryavtsev D. D. , Kolobaev I. V. , Zhavoronkova E. S. , Agababyan T. A.
Published: November 2022

Background. Stomach cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Long-term treatment outcomes in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer with invasion to adjacent structures are poor. In clinical recommendations of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, it is recommended to treat these patients with perioperative chemotherapy according to the FLOT scheme. The effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy is studied in many multicenter studies involving randomized clinical trials. Case description. We present a case of a successful treatment of a patient with locally advanced gastric cancer (сT4bN2M0 – IVA stage). The patient received neoadjuvant therapy (2 cycles according to the FLOT scheme) followed by chemoradiotherapy (total dose of 46 Gy with the concurrent chemotherapy with capecitabine and oxaliplatin). Neoadjuvant therapy was well tolerated (grade 1 gastrointestinal and hematological toxicity). The patient underwent distal subtotal resection of the stomach with D2 lymph node dissection and distal subtotal resection of the pancreas with preservation of the spleen. No postoperative complications were observed. Histological examination revealed complete pathological response of the primary tumor, including the area of earlier invasion into the pancreas; metastasis in one lymph node of the small omentum. The patient is alive with no evidence of disease 20 months after surgery. Conclusion. The feasibility of conducting safe multimodal neoadjuvant therapy followed by organ-preserving surgery in a patient with locally advanced gastric cancer (сT4bN2M0) was shown. The effective neoadjuvant therapy resulted in the achievement of complete pathologic response, which is a favorable prognostic factor.
The features of tumor niche cell composition in invasive breast ductal carcinoma of no special type
Authors: Buzenkova A. V. , Tashireva L. A. , Zavyalova M. V. , Perelmuter V. M.
Published: November 2022

Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in woman of childbearing age. Tumor progression depends on the character of stromal-parenchymal interactions. Tumor microenvironment exerts a key influence on tumor progression. Tumor niche is an important element of the tumor microenvironment. According to existing ideas, tumor niche consists on immune cells and bone marrow progenitor cells. The present study describes the parameters of tumor niche in invasive breast carcinoma of no special type (IC-NST), associated with lymph node metastases. The purpose of the study was to investigate the features of tumor niche cell composition in IC-NST. Material and methods. The study included 128 patients with IC-NST (T1–3N0–3M0), who underwent total mastectomy or partial mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection. The age of the patients ranged from 29 to 90. Histological examination of surgical specimens was carried out in accordance with standard methods. Suspensions of fresh frozen tumor surgical specimens were prepared for the hematopoetic progenitor cells identification. The antibodies against CD34, CD133, CD90, CD11B, CD45, AND CD202 were applied. Results. The study showed that the total number of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and macrophage progenitor cells in an amount exceeding 1.24 cells per 100 tumor cells was associated with the risk of developing lymph node metastases and large tumor size. Conclusion. The results obtained may be useful for understanding the role of tumor niche in tumor growth and lymph node metastasis of IC-NST.
Academic Freedom in Malaysian Public Universities
Authors:   National Higher Education Research Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, Wan Chang Da
Published: November 2022

Academic freedom is probably one of the most misunderstood concepts in academia, but is a fundamental pre-requisite to achieve the purpose of a university in becoming a knowledge and truth-seeking institution in our society. This article specifically examines academic freedom in Malaysian public universities, by first, unpacking the concept of academic freedom as well as the complementary concept of institutional autonomy. Having made clear the definition and concept of academic freedom, the article highlights three major impediments of academic freedom in Malaysian public universities resulting from legislation, lack of institutional autonomy and influence of external agencies. The understanding of these impediments is vital for the future development of public universities to fulfil their purpose as public authorities for knowledge and truth in Malaysia.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Community Mediators in Malaysia
Authors:   Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia, Ahmad Sa'odah , Kahar Rojanah ,   Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia, Hasbullah Muslihah ,   Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: November 2022

Family and neighbourhood issues are distinctly sensitive and emotional. They might also not be suitable to be settled using the existing courtroom device in the form of adjudication. It has been acknowledged that procedures in court have failed to address the emotional state of the disputants. The alternative way to resolve the dispute is by using mediation. A study was conducted among 217 community mediators selected to determine their knowledge, attitude and practice of community mediation. A self-administered questionnaire was used to gather the research data. The results revealed that the majority of the respondents (97.7%, n = 212) know that mediation is used to resolve community disputes. All respondents agreed that mediation helps in alleviating disputes in the community. The majority of the respondents (92.2%, n = 200) agreed that mediation is an important source of information and help for the community. The majority of the respondents (99.5%, n = 216) agreed that cooperation between mediators and members of the community is very important in reducing domestic disputes and gaps in the community. The study also found that a little over half of the respondents have a low attitude (51.2%, n = 111) on community mediation. Furthermore, listening to both disputants was the most (87.1%, n = 189) practiced technique used by the respondents in dispute resolution. The study concluded that the respondents have good knowledge of community mediation, a low regard for community mediation, and practise various techniques in resolving the disputes. Most of the respondents have fewer than 10 years of experience as a community mediator. Thus, it is understandable why they do not yet have a high attitude towards community mediation.
Arkeologi Maritim: Kapal Karam Di Semenanjung Malaysia
Authors:   Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sabah, Malaysia, Baco Zainuddin , B. Basrah Bee Baszley Bee ,   Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sabah, Malaysia, Chia Stephen ,   Centre for Global Archaeological Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
Published: November 2022

This article discusses archaeological research of shipwrecks as a form of underwater cultural heritage with special reference to ancient shipwrecks and their cargoes discovered in Peninsular Malaysia from 1907 to 2019. The discussion will include the formation process of underwater cultural heritage, especially the discoveries of shipwreck sites and cargoes which have connections as well as trade, cultural and political relationships with early maritime kingdoms in Southeast Asia. The significance of shipwreck sites in the development of archaeological shipwrecks in Peninsular Malaysia will also be discussed in the contexts of research and education of our national history. This is important for the early development of maritime archaeology’s potential, particularly on shipwrecks from the 1990s to the early first decade of the 21st century.
Strategic Planning of China’s Economic Development
Authors: Wang Yushan , Novikova Irina
Published: November 2022

Strategic planning is one of the most important functions of strategic management. The state uses different strategic planning tools when developing and implementing strategies. China boasts one of the most effective best practices in strategizing, which can be expanded to other countries. This review covers the main approaches to strategic planning in China. The methodology relied on the theory of strategy and methodology of strategizing developed by Vladimir L. Kvint, Dr.Sc.(Econ.), foreign member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The Chinese system of strategic planning takes into account the latest achievements of strategizing, including Dr. Kvint’s ideas. Its longterm, medium-term, and short-term development is compiled by the Academy of Sciences, research centers of the State Council, and the Committee for Development and Reform. Chinese regional development strategies are based on the modern global trends. However, the regions evaluate their own resources and development rates, as well as use estimates from various central and regional departments. The policy differs from region to region, depending on both objective factors, e.g., geography, and various subjective features. Large investments in R&D are a necessary part of innovation-driven strategy, but they not always ensure high innovation performance. In fact, Chinese R&D needs more attention to provide innovative development. The regional economic structure fails as a result of unbalanced regional development. Eastern China has better science and technology than the less developed Central, Western, and North-Eastern regions. However, the high population density and the close interregional collaboration compensate for the uneven development for the country, as well as provide a centralized management of economic growth and distributed research infrastructure. Conclusion. The experience of strategic planning in China can serve as a role model for other countries. The prolonged strategic interests, goals, and objectives increase the effectiveness and motivation. In addition, China is constantly developing the field of strategizing theory, methodology, and practice, thus increasing its scientific and innovative potential.
Cognitive and Regional Identity as a Basis for Strategizing Innovative Academic Activities of Higher Education
Authors: Prosekov Alexander , Gritskevich Tatiana , Leukhova Maria
Published: November 2022

The authors analyzed the key categories that form the cognitive foundations of the strategizing management and promoting innovative academic activities at the Kemerovo State University as part of Regional Development Strategy 2035 and Kuzbass Strategy 2071. The article introduces the challenges of systemic and functional problems of higher education caused by the rapid socio-economic changes in the digital economy. The authors focused on the impact of digitalization on professional migration and innovation centers. It is noted that regional clusters of innovative development today form unique models of interaction between the efforts of government – business – science in the development of new promising sectors of diversification of the raw economy.
Variations of precipitation and runoff in the Bagmati river basin, Bihar, India
Authors: Kumar Keshav , Singh Vivekanand , Roshni Thendiyath
Published: November 2022

The trend analysis of precipitation for four rain gauge stations and runoff for Hayaghat station in the Bagmati river basin is carried out in this work by adopting modified Mann–Kendall and Sen's slope methods. Primary and secondary data are used for finding the monthly, seasonal, and annual trends at four stations. Primary data are the observed rainfall from 1981 to 2013 which were collected from IMD Pune, observed runoff data were collected from CWC Patna and secondary data from the National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP)/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) reanalysis rainfall data for the period 1981–2013. The goals of this research are (i) to determine rainfall and runoff trend analysis, as well as the relationship between observed rainfall data and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis secondary data for four stations and (ii) to find the correlation between observed rainfall data and runoff data for all four seasons. The correlation analysis of observed rainfall and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data shows a very good correlation ranging between 0.6111 and 0.7435. Rainfall is increasing during and after the monsoon at all selected stations, except during the monsoon season in Dhenge. Correlation analysis of rainfall and runoff shows ranges from 0.3724 to 0.4721 for all the four seasons. The correlation of rainfall and runoff is relatively good in monsoon season.

HIGHLIGHTS

To determine rainfall and runoff trends, as well as the relationship between observed rainfall data and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis secondary data for four stations. To find the correlation between observed rainfall and runoff data for all four seasons.
Investigating the effect of observational data length on ARIMA modeling and forecasting accuracy: a case study of Kortian Stream watershed, Iran
Authors: Sahranavard Hamed , Naseri Mahdi
Published: November 2022

Using autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) for modeling and predicting time series is worldwide, but how many available recorded observations can be used for modeling to achieve better results is debatable. The length of data can significantly affect the results of ARIMA models. This article investigates the effect of different lengths on prediction accuracy. For this purpose, 732 monthly data of streamflow of the Kortian gauging station at the Kortian Stream watershed were used. To study the impact of the type of data in terms of monthly or seasonal observation data on the accuracy of modeling results, monthly data were converted into seasonal data and the results of monthly and seasonal modeling were compared. Therefore, multiplicative ARIMA models were performed for the monthly and seasonal modeling. Compared with the seasonal modeling, the monthly modeling presented more precise results than the sum of the square errors of monthly and seasonal modeling, which were 0.9408 and 2.5, respectively. For the monthly modeling, five different lengths of data were used. The C1 model used the last 60 data, C2 used the last 120 recorded observations, C3 used the last 240 data, C4 used the last 480 observations, and C5 used the last 708 data. To test the precision of models, 24 observations were put aside. Among the C1 to C5 models, the C4 model presented the best results in predicting 2 years ahead and C1 had the worst results.
Factores que inciden sobre el éxito y/o fracaso de mini-implantes en ortodoncia: una revisión sistemática exploratoria
Authors: Gil-Ramos Leidy Vanessa , Maestre-Polanco Victoria Asunción , Herrera-Herrera Alejandra , Rebolledo-Cobos Martha
Published: November 2022

Con la biomecánica de ortodoncia convencional no siempre se obtienen los resultados en el tiempo requerido sobre todo en casos complejos, para ello se emplean miniimplantes para darle solución a estas dificultades. Identificar y describir los factores que inciden sobre el éxito y/o fracaso de mini-implantes dentales en ortodoncia es el objetivo de la presente revisión sistemática exploratoria. Se emplearon las bases de datos: PubMed, Google Schoolar, Science Direct y Clinical key. Fueron analizados artículos en inglés y/o español, ensayos controlados aleatorizados, ensayos clínicos prospectivos y estudios clínicos retrospectivos. Las búsquedas iniciales identificaron 612 títulos y resúmenes sobre miniimplantes de los cuales 480 fueron excluidos, los 132 artículos restantes fueron recuperados y analizados, 22 cumplieron con los criterios de selección, finalmente solo N=6 artículos cumplieron para el análisis de datos. Todos los estudios identificados fueron aquellos de sistema autoperforante, con cargas inmediatas en el maxilar superior, todos los mini-implantes eran de titanio y de diferentes casas comerciales. El material, fabricante y diámetro de los mini-implantes no inciden sobre las tasas de éxito, la proximidad de una raíz no se asocia con la falla del mini-implante y se considera un fracaso del mini-implante si presentaba alguna movilidad posoperatoria.
Is the ethnographic approach a meaningful approximation to cultural understanding in the field of nutrition and dietetics?
Authors: Pico-Fonseca Sayda Milena
Published: November 2022

Addressing nutritional issues requires contributions from other disciplines, including anthropology. Cover nutrition from this perspective makes it possible to take up the analysis of cultures in terms of socially determined and meaningful human activities. For this reason, the anthropology of nutrition arises, which focuses on understanding the relationship between eating habits and nutrition. Based on the above, these practices are understood as cultural phenomena, since they encompass material, historical and contextual conditions, customs, habits and rituals that go beyond the process of ingesting food.
Synthesis of Hsv Epitope Peptides with Acid Sensitive Asp-Pro Bond
Authors: Hudecz Ferene , Mezo Gabor , Mak Marianna , Bosze Szilvia
Published: November 2022

Peptides from Herpes Simplex virus type I glycoprotein-D,containing the Asp-Pro bond were synthesised by SPPS using benzyl or cyclohexyl (cHex) protection at the Asp/Glu side chains. Increased stability of the cHex group was demonstrated during the treatment with TMSOTf-thioanisole/TFA. This observation was successfully utilised to prepare partly protected 9-mer peptides and their 18-mer derivatives by fragment condensation both in solution and on solid support
Structural Analysis of the Native and Drug­ Resistant HIV-1 Proteinases Complexed With an Aminodiol Inhibitor
Authors: Wlodawer Alexander , Kervinen Jukka , Thanki Narmada , Zdanov Alexander , Tino Joseph , Barrish Joel , Lin Pin Fang , Colonno Richard , Riccardi Keith , Samanta Himadri
Published: November 2022

Crystal structures of the native HIV-1 proteinase and an A71TN82A mutant have been solved in complexes with a symmetric aminodiol inhibitor, BMS-182193. Some of the conformational differences between these two complexes can be traced to their non-isomorphous crystal forms, but numerous rearrangements due to mutations are clearly visible.The V82A mutation creates more space at the periphery of the active site cleft, allowing distal parts of the inhibitor to move more freely, whereas the non-active-site mutation A71T stabilizes the enzyme backbone. The role of mutations in eliciting drug resistance is discussed.
Crystal Structure of Porcine Aldehyde Reductase at 2.0 A Resolution: Modeling an Inhibitor in the Active Site of the Enzyme
Authors: El-Kabbani Ossama , Carper Deborah A. , McGowan Michelle H. , Ginell Stephan L.
Published: November 2022

Aldehyde reductase is an enzyme capable of metabolizing a wide variety of aldehydes to their corresponding alcohols.The X-ray crystal structure of porcine aldehyde reductase holoenzyme has been refined to a
crystallographic R-factor of 0.20 at 2.0 A resolution. We have modeled the inhibitor zopolrestat in the active
site of porcine aldehyde reductase in order to obtain a picture of the binding conformation of inhibitors to the enzyme.
Comparison of Clinical Results, Contrast Sensitivity and Optical Quality Following the Implantation of CT LUCIA 611P and TECNIS-1 ZCB00 MonofocalIOLs -12 Month Outcomes
Authors: Brar Sheetal , Ganesh Sri , Sute Smith Snehal , Chidre Swati
Published: November 2022

Purpose:

To compare the clinical performance, contrast sensitivity and optical quality, following implantation of CT LUCIA 611 P and TECNIS-1 monofocal IOLs following cataract surgery.

Design-Prospective, interventional, non-randomized comparative study.

Setting- Nethradhama Super Speciality Eye Hospital, Bangalore, India.

Methods:

Eligible patients, undergoing phacoemulsification received implantation with CT LUCIA 611P or TECNIS-One piece (TECNIS-1) monofocal IOLs.

Results:

Hundred eyes from 100 patients were sequentially divided into CT LUCIA and TECNIS-1 groups, with 50 eyes in each group.Intra-operatively, the mean unfolding time was significantly longer (35.16 ± 10.50 sec) in the TECNIS-1, compared to the CT LUCIA group (12.93 ± 3.80 sec), p= 0.00.At 12 months, 80% (40) eyes in the CT LUCIA and 76%(38) eyes in the TECNIS-1 group had cumulative UDVA of 20/20 or better. No significant differences were found between the mean values of post-op UDVA, CDVA, contrast sensitivity (all spatial frequencies), Objective Scatter Index (OSI), and Modular Transfer Function (MTF) between both groups. A significantly higher value of internal coma and SA for the Tecnis-1 IOL group was noted (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the total HOA, coma and SA for both the groups. Six eyes in the TECNIS-1 group had intra-operative adhesions of the haptics with optic / haptic, requiring additional manipulation.

Conclusion:

At one year, both monofocal IOLs delivered comparable clinical outcomes.However, CT LUCIA 611P IOL had significantly less internal coma and SA, unfolding time and smoother IOL insertion without any issues due to poor loading.
Direct assessment of the characteristic curvature (Cc) of single surfactants
Authors:   University of Toronto, Acosta Edgar , Cordeiro Brandon ,   University of Toronto, Tan Carol ,   University of Toronto, Perez Rafael ,   University of Toronto
Published: November 2022

The conventional method to assess the hydrophilic/lipophilic character of a surfactant within the HLD framework  (sigma or Cc) involves the use of numerous phase scans with mixtures of the test surfactant of interest and a reference surfactant that can undergo phase inversion on its own. While this method provides reasonable answers, it requires a multitude of phase behavior studies and it requires making assumptions around the mixing rules and properties of the test surfactant. In this presentation we use the definition of characteristic curvature (Cc) to conduct oil and water solubilization studies and obtain the HLD parameters of test surfactants on their own, without the need for mixtures with a reference surfactant. The implications of using this protocol are discussed, particularly in light of the current form of the HLD equation for ionic surfactants. A comparison of the test-reference protocol vs. the single surfactant (solubilization) protocol is included to understand the roots of the similiraties and differences between the two approaches.
Plant and gut microbiota-derived protein metabolites and potential health functions
Authors:   Hiroshima University, Kumrungsee Thanutchaporn , Kato Norihisa ,   Hiroshima University, Matsui Toshiro ,   Kyushu University, Yang Yongshou ,   Anhui University
Published: November 2022

Bioactive peptides can be obtained from protein hydrolysates through in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis, gastrointestinal digestion, and microbial fermentation. Recent emerging research suggests that prebiotic-stimulated gut microbiota also plays a role in generating bioactive peptides and amino acids in gut. In this study, we examined if enzymatic hydrolysis of soybean and wheat germ, plant materials often used in oil industry, can generate antihypertensive peptides and determined if prebiotic digestive enzymes can induce the production of gut microbiota-derived amino acids. In the first experiment, soybean and wheat germ were hydrolyzed by protease enzymes. Then, their hydrolysates were subjected to peptide isolation and identification. Identified peptides were subjected to test for their potential antihypertensive activities. For the second experiment, rodents were fed an Aspergillus-derived protease- or lipase-mixed diet for 2 weeks. Then, cecum contents were collected for bacteria and metabolite analyses. As a result, we found that His-Gly-Lys from soybean hydrolysate strongly inhibited angiotensin II-induced elevated intracellular Ca2+ concentration in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Trp-Val and Trp-Ile from wheat germ hydrolysate were found to inhibit Ca2+-calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase II (CaMK II), a protein kinase promoting hypertension by inducing Ca2+ influx into VSMCs, in rat thoracic aorta rings. These findings suggest the potential of the plant-derived peptides in preventing hypertension and vascular-related diseases. In the second experiment, we found that the dietary protease and lipase increased Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus probiotics and induced the production of probiotic-derived amino acids, taurine, ornithine, and Î³-aminobutyric acid. Since these amino acids have versatile functions including in gut health modulation and brain functions, it can be hypothesized that the dietary prebiotic-digestive enzymes may be beneficial for gut health and brain functions. This study suggests the possibility of applying oil processing by-products in the production of functional food ingredients including bioactive peptides and amino acids.
Sugar for hydrophobes? Fermentation to palm-free detergent alcohols at scale
Authors:   Genomatica, Inc., Bond Risha
Published: November 2022

TBD
Spotlight on sustainability: How growing consumer preferences are changing the plant-based protein industry
Authors:   U.S. Soy, Kirkpatrick Emma , Marshall Mac ,   United Soybean Board
Published: November 2022

Plant-based proteins have been on the rise over the past few years, with U.S. retail sales of plant-based proteins hitting $7 billion in 2020. Sustainability is at the forefront of this shift, especially as Gen Z and Millennials continue to gain purchasing power.    Today, 42 percent of Americans believe their individual food or beverage purchases can have moderate to significant impact on the environment. And of those who view this as significant, 67 percent say environmental sustainability is a key purchase driver in their food choices, according to IFICF.  As plant-based protein options become increasingly popular, it is important for companies to find new, effective ways to market not only the nutritional benefits, but also the sustainability of the ingredients to meet growing consumer preferences. This creates an ongoing challenge for companies that now have to balance differentiating themselves from other brands in the growing market, while also highlighting the benefits of individual sources of plant-based proteins to consumers.    In this presentation, we'll take a deep dive into why companies are turning toward plant-based proteins and how they are marketing the sustainability of product ingredients to consumers to help drive industry growth and accountability. Hear from plant-based protein expert and consultant, Jean Heggie, on 1) the growing consumer demand for sustainable ingredients and product traceability, 2) how food companies are adapting to this industry shift and 3) why sustainability marketing plays a key role in plant-based product growth. Jean will share information on the recently launched on-package Sustainable U.S. Soy Mark as a powerful case study example. Attendees will also hear about research that illuminates sustainability food trends, as well as new information on the sustainability and nutrition of plant-based proteins, like soy.
Surfactant micelle structure and composition
Authors:   University at Buffalo, The State University of New York (SUNY), Alexandridis Paschalis , Dong Dengpan ,   University of Utah, Bedrov Dmitry ,   University of Utah, Tsianou Marina ,   University at Buffalo, The State University of New York (SUNY), Kancharla Samhitha ,   University at Buffalo, The State University of New York (SUNY)
Published: November 2022

Surfactants are mixed with various ingredients during their formulation into products and during their use. The interactions of surfactants with compounds such as electrolytes, polar organic solvents and solutes, other surfactants, polymers, and, of course, the solvent water, are manifested in the formation and structure of micelles. In turns, self-assembly in solution and on surfaces underlies the macroscopic performance of surfactant formulations. Accordingly, it is important to have information available on the structure and composition of micelles at various conditions. To this end, we utilize complementary experiments (small-angle neutron scattering, SANS, with contrast variation) and modeling (molecular dynamics, MD), and present here examples on how the structure of micelles formed in water by anionic surfactants (sodium dodecylsulfate, SDS, perfluorooctanoate, PFOA) responds to the presence of additives (salt [10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127313], urea [10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00433], ethanol [10.1039/d1cp00049g], poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) [10.1021/jp5023168], PEO-based amphiphilic polymers [10.1016/j.jcis.2021.10.176]) across a wide range of compositions. A detailed description emerges on how the additives distribute at the outer surface of the micelles and in their interior, which is used to rationalize various properties of the mixtures.
Comparing the structure and functionality of amyloid fibrils assembled from peanut, pea, lentil, and mung bean proteins
Authors:   The University of British Columbia, Dee Derek , Bu Fan ,   University of British Columbia, Shi Lanfang ,   University of British Columbia, Zamani Sara ,   University of British Columbia
Published: November 2022

Protein structure dictates functionality, and one way to dramatically alter protein structure is to induce proteins to self-assemble into amyloid fibrils. Amyloid fibrils, or nanofibrils, are long (100–1000’s nm), narrow (10’s nm), highly-organized protein aggregates that hold promise for various applications in biotechnology and food. Converting plant proteins into fibrils may improve their functionality and create sustainable materials, yet most nanofibril research has focused on animal-derived proteins, so there is a need to learn more about fibrils derived from plant proteins. This project compared fibrils assembled from crude protein extracts from peanut, pea, lentils and mung bean, comparing their fibril assembly kinetics, fibril structure, emulsification and viscosity properties. Peanut and mung bean fibrils assembled much faster (kPeanut = 0.90 ± 0.40 h-1, kMungbean = 0.95 ± 0.40 h-1) compared to pea and lentil fibrils (kPea = 0.19 ± 0.03 h-1, kLentil = 0.24 ± 0.01 h-1), at 80 °C, pH 2 with stirring. Fibrils from the different legume proteins displayed markedly different structures that could be generally classified as either long and straight (1000’s nm) or short and curly (100’s nm). The former are more similar to fibrils typically generated from animal proteins (e.g., whey, egg white proteins) while the latter are typical of legume protein fibrils presented in the literature. The longer/straighter or shorter/curly fibrils displayed unique functionalities (emulsion particle size and viscosity profiles) that did not directly correlate with fibril morphology, although several confounding factors limit the establishment of direct structure-function associations. This work indicates several approaches to optimize the assembly of legume protein fibrils that may find use in new plant-based materials and foods.
Nonionic surfactant concentration effects in the HLD mapping of oil-in-water emulsion stability
Authors:   Stepan Co, Dado Gregory , Lang Rachel ,   Stepan Co
Published: November 2022

It is well established that alcohol ethoxylate surfactant concentration can have a large impact on the temperature-dependent behavior of Surfactant-Oil-Water (SOW) systems, especially for molecularly-disperse commercial surfactants. Although commonly reported Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Deviation (HDL) modeling approaches generally do not account for this concentration dependency, recent efforts have attempted to capture this behavior in terms of replacing the HLD surfactant parameter with a concentration-dependent function. We have prior reported that such an approach enables successful quantitative prediction of the upper temperature boundary of oil solubilization into aqueous surfactant solution. In this presentation, we expand on our prior studies by describing efforts to map concentration-dependent behavior in the context of oil-in-water emulsion stability. In one example, quantification of macroemulsion stability at 23 ËšC with increasing surfactant concentration for SOWs comprising C10E4 (tetraethylene glycol monodecyl ether, 99+%) and n-dodecane demonstrated a maximum in stability that corresponded to the transition from Winsor I to Winsor III phase behavior; increasing surfactant concentration further into the Winsor III region resulted in strong destabilization of macroemulsion even though the calculated HLD of the SOW system was unchanged. Mapping of emulsion stability versus concentration and temperature for SOWs comprising individual component C10Ei surfactants and their mixtures, as well as for commercial alcohol ethoxylate surfactants will be reported in the context of the HLD framework.
Food protein self-assembly towards high-performance functional materials
Authors:   MIT, Cao Yiping , Khot Mahesh ,   Farmsow Pvt. Ltd., India, North America
Published: November 2022

Proteins not only determine the essential life activities of living organisms and the nutritional value of food products, but also are promising raw materials for designing functional materials, including in the fields of food science, environmental science, and nanomaterials. In the last decade, self-assembly of food proteins, particularly fibrillization, has attracted significant interest, as the assembled nanostructures are characterized by abundant b-sheet structures, large aspect ratio, and diverse surface functional groups. These features offer the possibility to overcome existing technological bottlenecks, and the rational utilization can yield high-performance materials. This talk will focus on two examples: protein gels and plastics. In the first example, a quantitative relationship was established between the microstructure of protein nanofibrils and the macroscopic mechanical properties of the resulting gels. This was successfully used to build protein gels with mechanical properties comparable to those of artificial meat. In the second example, protein-based plastics with high mechanical property and reduced hygroscopicity are developed by combining protein copolymerization and self-assembly. This provides a potential strategy for developing sustainable food packaging materials.
Microbial lipid technology as the next generation fats & oils platform
Authors:   C16 Biosciences, Ticku Shara
Published: November 2022

TBD
Pickering emulsions stabilized by soybean protein isolate/cellulose nanofibrils: Influence of pH
Authors:   McGill University, Wang Yixiang , Li Bin ,   Huazhong Agricultural University, Liu Shilin ,   Huazhong Agricultural University, Luo Xiaogang ,   Wuhan Institute of Technology, Zhang Xingzhong ,   Huazhong Agricultural University, Li Yan ,   Huazhong Agricultural University
Published: November 2022

Emulsions including Pickering emulsions and nanoemulsions have enormous application potential for inhibiting lipid oxidation. Polysaccharides like κ-carrageenan can improve the gel-like behavior of protein-stabilized Pickering emulsions. Tea water-insoluble proteins and κ-carrageenan can be used for preparing fish oil-in-water Pickering emulsions and fish oil gels. The characteristics of Pickering emulsions and fish oil gels at different proportion of tea water-insoluble proteins and κ-carrageenan were analyzed by high-speed homogenization assisted with ultrasonic treatment. The physicochemical analysis and secondary structure of mixtures showed that the turbidity reduced, particle size unchanged except that of mixtures at 80:20 and zeta potential was unaltered with the addition of κ-carrageenan; meanwhile, the secondary structure of mixtures changed due to the addition of κ-carrageenan. The viscoelastic behavior enhanced compared with that stabilized by tea water-insoluble proteins only. Fish oil gels using mixture-stabilized PEs as a template had a solid-like behavior with a storage modulus of approximately 200 kPa. Besides, the effects of tocopherol nanoemulsions on lipid oxidation of fish sausages were assessed during 16-day storage at 4 °C. Nanoemulsions including 250 and 500 mg/kg tocopherol improved fish sausages’ quality during cold storage and effectively inhibited lipid oxidation due to low peroxide value and high polyunsaturated fatty acid content. The droplet diameter of nanoemulsions including tocopherol stored at 4 °C for 16 days was below 500 nm. The small droplets with even distribution, and high stability of tocopherol nanoemulsions might explain the potential mechanism of inhibiting lipid oxidation in fish sausages. Interestingly, nanoemulsions encapsulated with 250 mg/kg tocopherol were effective to delay the lipid oxidation and improve fish sausages quality during cold storage. These findings will be useful for developing new edible hydrocolloid systems such as Pickering emulsions and nanoemulsions to inhibit lipid oxidation in aquatic products and broaden the application of emulsions in food industry.
La relación entre conflicto y desarrollo en Colombia a partir de un antecedente de política pública
Authors: Erazo-Patiño Lorena Andrea , Coronado-Camero Faiver
Published: November 2022

Tradicionalmente se ha establecido que la relación entre los conflictos armados y el desarrollo es inversamente proporcional, es decir, a mayor intensidad del conflicto, menor desarrollo de los países. Sin embargo, el caso colombiano permite entrever que esto no necesariamente se cumple a cabalidad. Este artículo estudia el antecedente del Plan Nacional de Rehabilitación para comprender cómo, en el marco del conflicto, se han desarrollado políticas públicas que permiten identificar características territoriales particulares que muestran un nexo particular entre el desarrollo y el conflicto en las zonas más afectadas por la violencia. De esta manera, se analiza este antecedente de las políticas de desarrollo diferencial en Colombia para comprender sus alcances, su enfoque territorial, así como sus limitaciones, debido a las dinámicas propias del territorio, tanto económicas como sociales y geográficas.
Antijuridicidad en el régimen disciplinario de las Fuerzas Militares y su distinción con el régimen penal
Authors: Zarabanda-Suárez Diana Marcela
Published: November 2022

Este artículo discute la construcción normativa del artículo 57 de la Ley 1862 de 2017, pues parece edificar la antijuridicidad disciplinaria de las Fuerzas Militares con el establecimiento de la disciplina, la probidad, el servicio y los fines estatales como bienes jurídicos, lo cual es incompatible con los fundamentos del derecho disciplinario. Para ello, se revisa la distinción del régimen disciplinario respecto al derecho penal en su constitución normativa y en sus fines: el derecho penal busca proteger bienes jurídicos a través de normas objetivas de valoración, mientras el derecho disciplinario busca establecer un modelo de conducta en servidores públicos a través de normas subjetivas de determinación. Al final se propugna por interpretar los intereses de dicha ley como deberes personales y no como bienes jurídicos, en concordancia con el régimen disciplinario.
Online learning implementation in the faculty of social sciences during the covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Kumalasari Dyah , Purwantara Suhadi , Aw Suranto , Supardi Supardi , Hendrastomo Grendi
Published: November 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has revolutionized the field of education. Online learning is the right solution to replace in-person learning. Improvement and development of the online learning process are really needed to provide a meaningful learning experience for students. This study aimed to examine the implementation of online learning in the Faculty of Social Sciences, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta/FIS UNY during the pandemic. The quantitative observational approach with a cross-sectional survey was employed with the qualitative method done in group discussions. The respondents were selected using proportional stratified random sampling on all study programs in FIS UNY. Data were collected through an online survey and limited interviews to investigate students’ and lecturers’ experiences of online learning more deeply. In FIS UNY, online learning was mostly conducted through online synchronous learning. Besides, online learning was done using a learning management system developed by the university (BeSmart). There were several factors that influenced the practice of online learning at the faculty, namely the availability of learning devices, speed and stability of internet connection, and conducive learning environment. As many as 25.6% of students had issues related to learning devices. Then, 66.9% of the students stated that they did not have a stable internet connection which caused problems during the learning process. At last, 62.79% of the students admitted that it was difficult to focus on the learning process because their learning environment was not conducive. Besides IT skills, students’ independence and learning motivation were the internal factors influencing the online learning process. Another issue related to online learning was the lack of responses and feedback from the lecturers on the activities done by the students.
Detection of COVID-19 in diagnostic tests carried out on patients
Authors:   Clinical Pathology, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú, Vicuña-Ramirez Milagros , Cadenas-Correa Humberto , Garay-Quispe Rosario , Bautista-Galindo Angella , Cucho-Espinoza Carolina
Published: November 2022

Diagnostic tests to detect the coronavirus allow the identification of the virus in addition to the antibodies generated by the body of the person who has previously been infected, so the objective of the research is to detect COVID-19 in diagnostic tests carried out in patients. It is a quantitative, descriptive experimental cross-sectional study, which was carried out with a total population of 560 patients from hospital centers. In its results, we observed that 83.4% (n=467) of patients were non-reactive to the Antigen Test and 66.8% (n=374) of patients were negative in the PCR test. In conclusion, the strengths of the COVID-19 detection tests should be complemented since it allows for an accurate and timely diagnosis of patients.