bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGEMBANGAN LEMBARAN KERJA SISWA (LKS) EKPERIMEN BERBASIS GUIDED-INQUIRY MATERI LAJU REAKSI UNTUK SISWA SMA / MA
Authors: Andromeda Andromeda , Yerimadesi Yerimadesi , Iwefriani Iwefriani
Published: April 2018

This study aims to produce teaching materials based material reaction rate guided inquiry (learning cycle: the phase of exploration, discovery / establishment of the concept and application) in the form of a valid experiment worksheets and practical use in learning chemistry in SMA / MA. This type of research included in Research and Development (R & D). The development model used in this study is the four-D (4-D). The research instrument is the validation sheet and questionnaire. Data from the study consists of three aspects, namely, the validity, the practicalities and effectiveness of teaching materials. Data validity and practicalities processed using Cohen's Kappa formula, and the effectiveness of data using a percentage In this study is limited to the validity and practicalities. Validation of teaching materials from the aspect of content, language and graffiti and feasibility of construction. Data from the validator obtained an average score moment kappa was 0.87, and the results of practical analysis conducted with a limited test in MAN 3 Padang obtained an average score of 0.84 practicality value of 0.78 of teachers and students. From the analysis worksheets that showed 86 % of students working on critical questions and exercises contained in LKS experiments that have been made can be answered students. These results indicate that LKS guided inquiry-based experiments developed extremely valid and practical use in learning chemistry
POTENSI PENGEMBANGAN DAYA TARIK WISATA DI DESTINASI PARIWISATA IKAN SAKTI SUNGAI JANIAH KECAMATAN BASO KABUPATEN AGAM
Authors: Azwar Hendri
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT

This study aims to analyze the potential development of a tourist attraction in Tourism Destinations of Ikan Sakti Sungai Janiah Kecamatan Baso Kabupaten Agam. This study used qualitative and SWOT analysis. The data source is Head of Tourism, Youth and Sports, the Chief Manager of Tourism Destinations, Community Leaders, and tourists. The techniques of data collection were through interviews, observation, and documentation. Data were analyzed qualitatively including reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results showed that the potential development of tourist attraction in this tourists destination is tracking, flying fox, fishing pond, bathhouse, camping area, playground, park, packaging art such as; Randai, dances, Debus, Talempong Pacik, Pupuik, Makan Bajamba, and Martial Arts Performances. Development strategies of a tourist attraction by optimizing the natural resources that already exist, giving training in tourism awareness to the community, building cooperation with local governments, managers and the public in the packaging of a tourist attraction, improve human resources by providing training and looking for investors in the development of tourist attraction, and increasing community involvement in the management of a tourist attraction.
PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI GURU-GURU SMP SOLOK SELATAN MELALUI PELATIHAN PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS KONTEKSTUAL DENGAN PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK
Authors: Hufri Hufri , Amir Harman
Published: April 2018

In the education sector of South Solok District, it is still lagging behind other regions in West Sumatera, this can be seen from the results of the UN rankings in 2016 which is ranked 16th out of 19 cities / districts in West Sumatera. Based on observations and discussions conducted on some teachers and principals, information is obtained that this is because in learning students are more likely to wait what is delivered by teachers or learning is still concentrated on the teacher. Then in learning the teacher has not used various media of learning. The media used can not accommodate the fact of the student's daily condition. This service activity aims to improve the competence of teachers of South Solok SMP in developing contextual based learning media with scientific approach. Target to be achieved is the improvement of competence of teachers and media of learning. To achieve the objectives and targets set, the methods used consist of six stages: observation stage, orientation and discussion stage, preparation stage, implementation stage, monitoring and evaluation stage and final stage of data analysis and report generation. Based on data analysis of pretest and posttest results, obtained an increase of average value from pretest that is 43,07 become 47,42 at postest. Furthermore, to know the difference between the two values of pretest and postes paired t test, obtained the results of significance 0.000 < 0.05, so it can be concluded that there is a difference between pretest results with postes. Furthermore, based on the questionnaire given at the end of the training activities, the results obtained that the participants said this activity is very useful and related to the subjects taught in schools
STUDI TENTANG PERMASALAHAN PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN OLEH GURU-GURU SD DI KECAMATAN KAMANG BARU
Authors: Mirna Mirna , Helma Helma
Published: April 2018

Suatu negara dapat dikatakan maju apabila taraf pendidikan warga negara tersebut sudah benar-benar maju. Salah satu aspek yang menentukan kemajuan taraf pendidikan ialah adanya guru yang profesional.
Perbedaan Hasil Belajar Siswa Menggunakan Modul Berbahasa Inggris dan Buku Bilingual pada Materi Laju Reaksi Kelas XI SMA
Authors: Hardinata Aristo
Published: April 2018

Telah dilaksanakan penelitian pendidikan untuk melihat perbedaan hasil belajar siswa SMA pada pembelajaran Laju Reaksi dengan menggunakan modul berbahasa inggris dan buku bilingual. Modul yang digunakan merupakan modul pembelajaran laju reaksi yang telah dikembangkan oleh peneliti sebelumnya dan buku bilingual yang digunakan merupakan buku komersial yang beredar di masyarakat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan rancangan Randomized Control Group Only Design. Sampel diambil dua kelas secara acak dari tujuh kelas siswa kelas XI di SMA kota Padang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan instrument tes objektif sebanyak 20 soal. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji perbedaan dua rata-rata (t-tes). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelas yang menggunakan modul berbahasa inggris memiliki rata-rata nilai (89,06) yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan siswa yang belajar menggunakan buku bilingual (70,00). Berdasarkan uji hipotesis dengan uji satu pihak atau uji t’, diperoleh bahwa hasil belajar siswa yang menggunakan modul berbahasa inggris lebih tinggi secara signifikan dibandingkan dengan siswa yang menggunakan buku bilingual di kelas XI SMA Kota Padang
Hubungan Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Aspek Kelancaran (Fluency) antara Jawaban Essay dan Pembuatan Poster pada Pembelajaran Berbantuan Media Animasi
Authors: Muttaqiin Arief
Published: April 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa aspek kelancaran (fluency) yang diukur dengan soal essay dan tugas pembuatan poster. Data dijaring dari 33 siswa di salah satu SMA di Kota Cimahi, Jawa Barat. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan statistik, diperoleh informasi bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa aspek kelancaran (fluency) yang diukur dengan soal essay dan tugas pembuatan poster. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan yang baik dalam menjawab soal-soal berpikir kreatif tidak membuat siswa baik juga dalam membuat poster
Potential benefits of distributed generation in the reduction of non-technical losses
Authors: Eduardo Baffi  , Rafael Martin Lamaison Urioste  , Mònica Aragüés Peñalba
Published: April 2018

Power generation at or near the consumers can affect citizens positively, especially those who belong to social classes with low earnings. This article proposes an analysis of potential economic and technical benefits that the insertion of Distributed Generation (DG) in low-income communities can create, including the reduction of commercial losses, and alternatives to allow viable financing.
Multi-Energy Management System for Chungming Island in China
Authors: L. Shen  , S. Zhang  , C. Feng
Published: April 2018

The Shanghai government intends to transform Chungming Island in China into a green ecological base. As a part of this idea, vehicles on this island are preferred to be electric or fuel cell vehicles in order to achieve zero emissions. The design will use SAIC fuel cell buses and commercial vehicles (minibuses) to serve as tour buses and shuttle minibuses. A multi-energy management system was studied for use on this island. This system will support a fuel cell transit bus tour and a shuttle minibus route. The island’s demand for hydrogen, according to the parameters of the vehicles and the routes, was determined to be 100 kg/day. The hydrogen will be produced through electrolysis on location. A 750 kW wind generator set and a PV roof can be used as the energy supply system. This system can meet the fuel cell bus energy demand (950 MWh/year) and serve the local community as well. The total cost of the system is estimated to be 3.0 Million $US.
Voltage Sourced Converter (VSC) based on multiple FACTS controllers for the improvement of power quality
Authors: Shazly A. Mohamed  , N. Luo  , T. Pujol  , L. Pacheco
Published: April 2018

This paper deals with the problems of improving power quality in electrical power grids by using multiple FACTS devices like STATCOM, SSSC and UPFC. The present scenario will focus on the working of the various FACTS family under different types of generator faults that can cause any other transmission lines to be overflowed. The simulation analysis of the proposed model being tested for power grid consists of twoarea with 500-kV equivalents connected across the transmission line. The effect of active power, reactive power and voltage responses are studied.
Static Series Compensator for the compensation of voltage-quality disturbances based on particle swarm optimization techniques
Authors: Shazly A. Mohamed  , A.A. Zaki Diab  , N. Luo  , T. Pujol  , L. Pacheco
Published: April 2018

Static Series Compensator (SSC) is a power electronic based device that provides three-phase controllable voltage source to restore the load voltage to pre-sag conditions within few milliseconds. This paper proposes a new control technique based on an adaptive tunning PI controller that uses a selective controller to describe the effectiveness of SSC for mitigating voltage sags in power distribution systems at critical loads. The integral of time multiply squared error (ITSE) index is minimized to reach the optimal tuning of PI controllers based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique to determine whether the best fitting solution is achieved. The controller is designed in a synchronously-rotating reference frame. Independent (homopolar component, d-axis component and qaxis component) controllers are used to tackle balanced and unbalanced voltage supplies. Simulation is done using Simulink “SimPowerSystem” Toolbox to illustrate the principle and performance of an SSC operation in load voltage compensation
Discussion on Reliability and Power Quality in the Smart Grid: a prosumer approach of a time scalable index
Authors: Olivia Florencias-Oliveros  , Juan-José González-de-la-Rosa  , Agustín Agüera-Pérez  , José-Carlos Palomares-Salas
Published: April 2018

This article presents a discussion related to the measurement techniques of the electric energy quality within the smart grid (SG) context, and considering the producer-consumer (prosumer) approach. It establishes the basis where new power quality (PQ) indexes should be proposed, in order to complement the current recommendations regarding consumer dissatisfaction indexes (CDI) on which the network should be assessed and planned. Indeed, the current indices only consider the number of interruptions and the time during which they occur, and do not take into account neither the type nor the non-linear loads (distributed energy resources, DER) connected to the SG, which are giving rise to new kinds of transients coupled to the electrical power supply signal. In this sense, the paper provides reasons on why temporal evolution of energy and its deviation from the contractual specifications should be monitored and assessed, with the goal of making real-time decisions. Based on advanced statistical signal processing, forecasting methods and artificial intelligence, this focus conveys the conclusive need for a dual measurement index of PQ reliability, on the basis of dynamic temporal scalability, and time-space compressions. A practical example is outlined.
PERENCANAAN PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH DI DESA KERTASADA KECAMATAN KALIANGET KABUPATEN SUMENEP
Authors: Chayati Cholilul , Prayudi Dhani Andika
Published: April 2018

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh semakin menigkatnya produksi sampah dan limbah hasil aktifitas manusia yang belum tersentuh oleh program pengolahan sampah. Dalam hal ini setiap orang berhak dan wajib untuk mengolah sampah menjadi bahan yang bermanfaat. Hal ini sesuai dengan undang-undang No.18 tahun 2008 tentang pengelolaan sampah.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui volume sampah serta jumlah tempat pengelolaan sampah sementara(TPS) dan bagaimana cara  mengolah  sampah  organik  dan  anorganik.  Jenis  penelitian  yang  digunakan adalah  deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, yaitu pendekatan yang berusaha mengambarkan setiap kondisi yang ada melalui data volume sampah dan data jumlah KK(kepala keluarga) hasil survey di lapangan.Kesimpulan yang  diperoleh  dalam  penelitian  ini,  ternyata  jumlah  sampahyang  dihasilkan  di  Desa  Kertasada sebanyak 833,008 kg/hari untuk sampahorganik dan 302,512 kg/hari untuk sampah anorganik dengan jumlah KK 1168,membutuhkan 19 tempat pengelolaan sampah sementara, dan pengolahan sampahorganik menggunakan metode komposter menjadi kompos membutuhkan waktu21 hari, Sampah anorganik  menggunakan  metode  Bank  sampah  serta  sampahresidu  menggunakan  metode  sanitary landfill.
PRINCÍPIOS E REGRAS COMO ESTRUTURA NORMATIVA À LUZ DA CONSTITUIÇÃO DA REPÚBLICA FEDERATIVA DO BRASIL DE 1988: CONCEITOS, DISTINÇÕES E CHAVES HERMÊUTICAS
Authors: Campelo Cristiano Roberto , Junior Jaime Meira do Nascimento
Published: April 2018

O presente artigo apresentará a mudança epistemológica em que os princípios deixam de ser preceitos apenas morais para se inserirem no conjunto de normas que balizem decisões judiciais. Conceituar-se-á princípios e regras como espécies da estrutura normativa. Apresentar-se-á a diferentes distinções que recaem na concepção dos princípios. Por fim, abordar-se-ão os temas conflitos de normas e colisão de princípios sob o prisma da teoria de Robert Alexy. Por derradeiro apresentar-se-á o julgado da ADI 4815 de relatoria da Ministra Cármen Lúcia, que julgou procedente e declarou inexigível a autorização prévia para a publicação de biografias.
DESIGUALDADE SOCIAL NO BRASIL: A GLOBALIZAÇÃO NEOLIBERAL E A RENOVAÇÃO POLÍTICA PARTICIPATIVA COMO FORMA DE EMANCIPAÇÃO
Authors: Boanova Aline Moura da Silva , Lopes João Luís Severo da Cunha
Published: April 2018

Resumo: O tema desigualdade social no Brasil tem como pano de fundo a globalização neoliberal. O ensaio tem por objetivo geral demonstrar que a desigualdade social pode ser diminuída por meio de uma renovação política participativa como forma de emancipação, neutralizando as imposições neoliberais da globalização. São seus objetivos específicos demonstrar as características dominantes do consenso neoliberal e sua relação com os índices de desigualdade social no Brasil, e por fim demonstrar aspectos da democracia participativa. Com o resultado se espera conseguir contribuir para uma unidade social no Brasil e por consequência aumentar o desenvolvimento do país
Farklı Zamanlarda Ekilen Bazı Tahıl Türlerinin Ot Verimi ve Kalitesi Bakımından Karşılaştırılması
Authors: Çaçan Erdal , Karabulut Dilek
Published: April 2018

Bu çalışma, Bingöl
ekolojik koşullarında kışlık olarak yetiştirilen bazı buğday, arpa ve tritikale
çeşitlerinde farklı ekim zamanlarının ot verimi ve kalitesine olan etkisinin
belirlenmesi amacıyla 2015-2016 yetiştirme sezonunda yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada
bitki materyali olarak 1 adet tritikale (Ümranhanım), 1 adet iki sıralı arpa
(Şahin 91), 1 adet altı sıralı arpa (Altıkat), 1 adet ekmeklik buğday
(Pehlivan) ve 1 adet makarnalık buğday (Fırat 93) çeşidi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma tesadüf blokları deneme
desenine göre dört tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Araştırmada; bitki boyu,
yeşil ot verimi, kuru ot verimi, kuru otta ham protein (HP), asit deterjanda çözünmeyen
lif (ADF), nötral deterjanda çözünmeyen lif (NDF), sindirilebilir kuru madde
(SKM), kuru madde tüketimi (KMT) ve nispi yem değerlerine ilişkin veriler ele
alınmıştır. Araştırmada tahıl türlerinin; bitki boyları 71,5-86,0 cm, yeşil ot
verimleri 1854,7-3140,6 kg da-1, kuru
ot verimleri 520,4-767,1 kg da-1, kuru otta ham protein oranları %11,2-12,5,
ham protein verimleri 65,4-92,4 kg da-1, ADF oranları %32,2-34,6, NDF oranları %56,1-61,2, SKM oranları %62,0-63,8,
KMT oranları %1,96-2,14 ve NYD 95,5-103,3 arasında değişim göstermiştir. İncelenen
kalite özellikleri açısından tahılların birbirine yakın sonuçlar verdiği, verim
özellikleri açısından ise tritikalenin ön plana çıktığı görülmüştür. Genel
olarak çalışmada en yüksek değerler, erken yapılan ekimlerden elde edilmiştir.
Bingöl koşullarında ot amaçlı yapılacak tahıl ekimlerinin Ekim ayının 1 ile
15’i arasında yapılması tavsiye edilmektedir.
Fundamentals of Counteracting Corruption
Authors: Осипов Михаил , Osipov Mikhail (Michail)
Published: April 2018

The problem of fighting corruption is one of the pressing problems facing modern legal science. The purpose of the discipline "fundamentals of anti – corruption" is to familiarize students with the nature, causes and conditions of corruption behavior, with the legal framework of anti-corruption, the main types of corruption offenses, as well as the main corruption risks. This textbook is written in accordance with the working program of the discipline the course "Fundamentals of combating corruption", readable in ANO the Institute of jurisprudence and management of the WPA. This tutorial is intended for students studying disciplines related to anti-corruption and for all those who are interested in anti-corruption issues
KAMU EKONOMİSİ TEORİSİNDE YERELLEŞME RASYONELİ VE KUŞAKLAR ARASI MALİ FEDERALİZM TEORİLERİNİN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI / Localization Rational In The Public Economy Theory And Comparison Of Fiscal Federalism Theories Belonging To Different Generations
Authors: ÇALCALI Önder
Published: April 2018

Kamu ekonomisi teorisi üzerine yapılan
tartışmalar, kamu kesiminin ekonomi içindeki yeri,  rolü ve bunun etkileri üzerine yapılmaktadır.
Kamu kesimi, merkezi yönetim ile beraber yerel yönetim birimlerini de
kapsamaktadır.  Kimi ülkelerde merkezi
yönetime doğrudan bağlı yerel kamu yönetim birimleri şeklinde bir yapılanma
mevcut iken; kimi ülkelerde ise, yerel kamu yönetim birimlerinin merkezi
yönetime olan siyasi ve mali bağımlılıkları daha zayıftır. “Özerk” nitelikli
olarak kabul edilen bu ikinci tür yerel kamu yönetim birimlerine daha çok
federal yapılı ülkelerde rastlanmaktadır. Kamu yönetiminin asli unsurlarından
olan yerel yönetim birimlerinin varlıklarına gerekçe oluşturan unsurlar ve mali
özerklik derecelerinin hangi düzeyde olması gerektiği hususlarının analizi önem
taşımaktadır. Bu çalışma, mali anlamda yerel kamu yönetim birimlerine daha
fazla serbestlik tanınması etrafında şekillenen mali federalizm teorisinin,
birinci ve ikinci kuşağını karşılaştırmakta ve iki kuşak arasındaki ortak ve
farklı noktaları ortaya koymaktadır.
Roe deer Capreolus capreolus feeding on yew Taxus baccata in relation to bilberry Vaccinium myrtillus density and snow depth
Authors: Mysterud Alle , Østbye Eivind
Published: April 2018

The extent of roe deer Capreolus capreolus feeding on the highly toxic yew Taxus baccata during winter was quantified from 1989–1994 in areas with varying density of bilberry Vaccinium myrtillus. Yew was most heavily harvested by roe deer in areas with low densities of bilberry. In areas with high densities of bilberry shrub, roe deer started browsing on yew when snow depth increased and reduced access to the field layer. However, in areas with low densities of bilberry, roe deer browsed heavily on yew also when snow was absent. Our observations suggest that roe deer may be the main factor affecting yew survival in areas where other preferred feeding plants are not available.
Impacts of hunting disturbance on waterbirds ‐ a review
Authors: Madsen Jesper , Fox Anthony D.
Published: April 2018

Waterbird hunting is a widespread activity in wetlands throughout Europe and constitutes one of the most significant sources of disturbance during autumn and winter. The biological evidence for effects of hunting disturbance on the behaviour and distribution of migratory and wintering waterbirds and its possible impacts on population dynamics is reviewed. Most of the literature has been concerned with local effects of disturbance, focussing on quarry geese and dabbling ducks. Comparatively little is known about effects on diving ducks and waders, while there is no direct evidence for impacts at the population level for any waterbird species. Hunting disturbance can cause temporary disruption of normal activities of waterbirds, alter their diurnal rhythms and increase escape flight distances. It can displace waterbirds from preferred feeding and roosting habitats at local or regional level and increase turnover, so that the carrying capacity of a site is not reached. Quarry waterbirds, and those occurring in large inshore concentrations, such as many dabbling ducks, geese and waders, are potentially most sensitive to disturbance. Hunting disturbance can disrupt pair‐bonds and family structures which may affect reproductive output. Evidence is provided that many waterbird populations are limited by winter conditions and that the majority of studied waterbird species lose body reserves during winter. Because hunting disturbance causes under‐exploitation of potential feeding grounds where population limitation is considered to occur, such disturbance will, by definition, have an impact at the population level. However, the magnitude of this impact has not been quantified and requires a modelling approach.
Effects of hand‐rearing on physiology and anatomy in the grey partridge
Authors: Putaala Ahti , Hissa Raimo
Published: April 2018

Artificial rearing may result in changes in the physiology and anatomy of gallinaceous birds. This may partially explain the poor survival of released birds. To study the effects of hand‐rearing on grey partridges Perdix perdix, we measured the anatomical and physiological characteristics of 14 wild and 15 hand‐reared partridges. Captive partridges were heavier, had relatively larger breast muscles but relatively lighter hearts and livers than wild birds. Wild birds had longer small intestines, longer caeca and relatively heavier gizzards than hand‐reared birds. They also had higher glycogen content and cytochrome‐c oxidase activity in the pectoral muscles, indicating their better flying endurance compared to hand‐reared birds. The results suggest that captivity results in altered anatomical and physiological characteristics, and hand‐reared partridges may therefore be poorly predisposed for an abrupt release into the wild.
Development of temperature regulation in the grey partridge Perdix perdix
Authors: Marjoniemi Kyösti , Hohtola Esa , Putaala Ahti , Hissa Raimo
Published: April 2018

The development of temperature regulation in grey partridge Perdix perdix, Galliformes chicks at the age of 0–40 days was studied using three different approaches: 1) heat production was measured by indirect calorimetry of chicks subjected to various ambient temperatures; 2) the ability to resist cooling was studied by subjecting chicks to an ambient temperature of 0°C with either dry or wetted plumage; 3) behavioural responses were studied in a thermal gradient using a video camera and an image processing system. The development of homeothermy was not linear. Absolute metabolic rates increased with age at all temperatures, while the maximal mass‐specific heat production (W×kg ‐0.75) doubled between days 1‐2 and day 5, but remained unchanged after that. Assuming that the allometric exponent accounts for mass‐induced changes in the metabolic rate, this suggests that the increase in maximal heat production before the age of five days can be attributed to both maturation and growth, while the increase after five days can be explained by growth only. At the age of 1–2 days, the chicks' capacity to increase heat production in cold was negligible. In five and 10‐11‐day‐old chicks the capacity was markedly higher, but the maximal heat production occurred already at 25°C. A quantum leap occurred between 10–11 and 15–16 days, when the point of maximal heat production shifted from 25°C to 5°C, which indicates a significant improvement of insulation. Wetted chicks cooled faster than dry chicks until 21 days of age. The relative effect of wetting was maximal at 10–11 days. Behavioural observations suggest a drop in the time spent in the warmest section of the thermal gradient after five days and that the coldest part of the gradient (5°C) was hardly visited before 25 days of age. The sequence for attaining homeothermia in the partridge is thus comprised of an early development of significant thermogenesis from day 5 onwards, followed by a rapid increase in insulation around two weeks of age. Despite this fact, especially wet chicks strongly depend on parental heat in cold spells during the first three weeks of their life. The increase in body mass and the development of a water‐impermeable plumage enhance the cold resistance in older chicks.
Moose Alces alces bite diameter selection in relation to twig quality on four phenotypes of Scots pine Pinus sylvestris
Authors: Jia Jingbo , Niemelä Pekka , Danell Kjell
Published: April 2018

The bite diameter selection by moose in relation to twig quality on four phenotypes of Scots pine was studied on the basis of a field cafeteria experiment. Comparison of twig quality was made among: 1) phenotypes, 2) different twig diameters, and 3) mean moose bite diameters. Chemical and morphological analyses of the trees indicated that twig fibre and tree/shoot size strongly affected moose bite diameter choice. Sight and chewing sensation are suggested to be the main browsing strategies used by moose. Moose adjusted the bite diameter among phenotypes on the criterion of similar food quality. The factors involved may play a multiple role in affecting moose foraging. Quantitative features of trees had no significant effects on moose bite diameter selection.
Contrasting dispersal patterns in two Scandinavian roe deer Capreolus capreolus populations
Authors: Wahlström L. Kjell , Liberg Olof
Published: April 2018

Yearling natal dispersal frequencies and distances in roe deer Capreolus capreolus were compared between two regions in Scandinavia, Västerbotten, on the northern edge of the expanding population, and Mälardalen, in the central continuous part. Data were collected using telemetry during 1987–1994. In Västerbotten 91% (n = 11) of the males and 100% (n = 9) of the females left their natal areas, and in Mälardalen 43% (n = 42) of the males and 48% (n = 50) of the females dispersed. No intra‐regional difference in distances dispersed was found between sexes. Average dispersal distance in Västerbotten was ca 120 km (n = 17), with only one disperser settling less than 39 km from its natal area. In Mälardalen, the average dispersal distance was around 4 km (n = 42), and only two animals moved further away than 15 km. One hypothesis accounting both for the almost complete dispersal of deer in Västerbotten, and for the existence of a few long‐distance dispersers in Mälardalen, is that two genotypically distinct morphs of roe deer exist, one ‘dispersive’ and one ‘stationary’. The predominance of the ‘dispersive’ type in Västerbotten could be explained by ‘stationaries’ not having had enough time to colonise this region since the last population bottleneck in the mid 19th century, when the Scandinavian population was restricted to the southernmost part of Sweden.
BİLGİ İLETİŞİM TEKNOLOJİLERİ İLE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: TÜRKİYE İÇİN BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: Sayar Özkan Gökçen , Çelik Hüseyin
Published: April 2018

Ekonomik
büyümenin temel unsuru, döneminde ve ülkede hakim olan ekonomik koşullara göre
farklılık göstermektedir. Az gelişmiş olan bir ülkede ekonomik büyüme veya
kalkınmada tarım sektörü aktif rol alırken, gelişmiş olan bir ülkede ise
sermaye ağırlıklı hatta günümüzde teknoloji yoğun üretim ekonomik büyümenin
temel unsur konumundadır. Buradan hareketle 1998-2015 yılları arası dönem için
bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinin (BİT) Türkiye ekonomisindeki büyümeye olan
katkısı incelenecektir. Bağımlı değişken olarak ekonomik büyüme için GSYİH,
bağımsız değişken olarak ise sabit ve cep telefonu kullanımı ile internet
kullanımı alınarak birim kök testi ve Granger nedensellik testi uygulanmıştır.
Elde edilen sonuçlara göre; BİT kullanımı ekonomik büyümeyi olumlu
etkilemektedir.
Bilgisayar Destekli Öğretimin “Güneş Sistemi ve Ötesi, Uzay Bilmecesiˮ Ünitesindeki Öğrenci Başarısına ve Derse Karşı Öğrenci Tutumuna Etkisi
Authors: ŞAHİN Regaip , AKBABA Uğur
Published: April 2018

Bu
araştırma, Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı çağdaş program geliştirme tekniklerine uygun
olarak hazırlanmıştır. Fen ve teknoloji dersinde ki kazanımlara erişmede,
bilgisayar destekli eğitimin etkisi ne düzeydedir? Araştırmada bu sorunun
cevabı aranmıştır. Bu amaçla Fen ve teknoloji dersinde; “Güneş Sistemi ve
Ötesi, Uzay Bilmecesi” ünitesinin soyut olan kavramları ele alınmıştır. Görsel
ve işitsel olarak somutlaştırması güç olan bu kavramların öğretilmesinde
bilgisayar destekli öğretim yönteminin etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla;
Bayburt İlinde bulunan Şehit Recep Eşiyok ortaokulunda eğitimlerine devam eden
yirmi kişilik erkek ve kız öğrenciden oluşmuş 7A sınıfı deney gurubu olarak
belirlenmiştir. Yine aynı şekilde aynı okulda öğrenim gören yirmi kişilik erkek
ve kız öğrenciden oluşmuş 7B sınıfı ise kontrol gurubu olarak belirlenmiştir.
Dersin hedeflerine uygun olduğunu düşündüğümüz bilgisayar yazılım ve
programları ile 7. sınıf Fen ve Teknoloji dersi “Güneş Sistemi ve Ötesi, Uzay
Bilmecesi” ünitesi bilgisayar ortamında işlenmiştir. Ünitenin hedefleri,
kontrol gurubuna geleneksel yöntemle, deney gurubuna ise bilgisayar ortamında
kazandırılmaya çalışılmıştır.  Kontrol ve
deney guruplarına ön-test ve son-test uygulanmış ve elde edilen test sonuçları
İstatistik programı olan SPSS-22 paket programında t-testi yapılarak analiz
edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda ise bilgisayar destekli eğitimin geleneksel
yönteme göre daha başarılı olduğu görülmüştür. Yapılan analizler sonucunda ise
öğrencilerin tutumlarının değişmediği görülmüştür.
“Doğal Afet” için Kavramsal Metaforların Karşılaştırmalı Analizi
Authors: Yazıcı Öznur , Ulu Kalın Özlem
Published: April 2018

Bu
çalışmanın amacı; Coğrafya Bölümü öğrencileri ile Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmenliği
Programı öğrencilerinin doğal afet kavramına yönelik olarak oluşturdukları
metaforları karşılaştırmaktır. Araştırmanın ulaşılabilir örneklemini 206
Coğrafya Bölümü öğrencisi ve 110 Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmenliği Programı
öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan olgubilim
deseninin kullanıldığı çalışmada, metaforlar sınıflandırılmış, içerik analizi
yapılmış ve yorumlanmıştır. Coğrafya Bölümü öğrencileri 194 geçerli metafor,
Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmenliği programı öğrencileri ise 81 geçerli metafor
üretmişlerdir. Bu metaforlar daha sonra ortak özellikleri bakımından
irdelenerek Coğrafya Bölümü için 11, Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmenliği Programı için
ise 8 kavramsal kategori altında toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda iki bölüm
için de oluşturulan kavramsal kategorilerin aynı olduğu, Coğrafya Bölümü
öğrencilerinin ek olarak farklı kavramsal kategoriler oluşturdukları
belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak; her iki bölüm öğrencilerinin de benzer
kategorilerde metaforlar ürettiği, ancak Coğrafya Bölümü öğrencilerinin
metaforlarının Sosyal Bilgiler öğretmen adaylarınınkilere kıyasla daha çeşitli
olduğu söylenebilir.
APAKAH SUNK COST ENTRY BERPENGARUH PADA EKSPOR INDONESIA KE SINGAPURA?: PENDEKATAN AGGREGATE
Authors: Muslim Azis
Published: April 2018

Bagi Indonesia, Singapura telah lama dikenal sebagai negara perantara (intermediary) perdagangan untuk ekspor maupun impor. Secara umum sunk cost entry to export merupakan pertimbangan untuk masuk ke pasar ekspor, namun dalam kondisi terdapatnya perantara perdagangan apakah sunk cost entry to export tidak menjadi pertimbangan untuk masuk ke pasar ekspor? Untuk mengetahui hal tersebut dilakukan penelitian dengan tujuan untuk menguji apakah sunk cost entry berpengaruh atau tidak untuk ekspor Indonesia ke Singapura. Model penelitian menggunakan model histerisis Baldwin-Krugman dengan pertimbangan penggunaan data aggregate dan lonjakan nilai tukar. Metode yang digunakan adalah perubahan koefisien pada saat structural break sedangkan nilainya diestimasi dengan model regresi Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sunk cost entry tidak memengaruhi ekspor Indonesia ke Singapura atau dengan kata lain tidak menjadi pertimbangan memasuki pasar ekspor Singapura. Temuan tersebut bermanfaat bagi eksportir dengan modal terbatas untuk menggunakan Singapura sebagai intermediary. Pemerintah sebagai fasilitator dapat menyarankan kepada eksportir pemula terutama eksportir dengan modal terbatas untuk menjadikan Singapura sebagai perantara dalam perdagangan. Singapore has been known as an intermediary country for Indonesia’s export and import trade. Sunk cost entry is one of the exporter considerations to enter an export market. However, if there is an intermediary trade, does sunk cost still become a consideration? The purpose of this study is to examine whether the sunk cost entry affects Indonesian export to Singapore or not. This study uses Baldwin-Krugman’s Hysteresis model due to an aggregate data usage and a surge in the exchange rate. This study uses the coefficient changes method since structural break is happening and its value is estimated by the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) regression model. The result shows that sunk cost does not affect Indonesian exports to Singapore, or in another word it does not become a consideration to enter Singapore markets. It is important that the exporters with limited capital use Singapore as an intermediary. The Government should propose beginner exporters to choose Singapore as the intermediary country trade.
THE IMPACT OF REAL EXCHANGE RATE VOLATILITY ON INDONESIA-US TRADE PERFORMANCE
Authors: Ardiyanti Septika Tri
Published: April 2018

Studi ini mengkaji dampak volatilitas nilai tukar riil terhadap kinerja perdagangan bilateral Indonesia-Amerika Serikat (AS), dengan menggunakan data periode Q1:1990 sampai dengan Q3:2012. Studi ini menggunakan dua pendekatan untuk mengukur volatilitas nilai tukar riil, yaitu model Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (ARCH-1) dan metode Moving Average Standards Deviation (MASD). Untuk menguji hubungan jangka panjang antara variabel penelitian, digunakan prosedur Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa volatilitas nilai tukar riil berpengaruh negatif terhadap impor Indonesia dari AS tetapi tidak mempengaruhi ekspor Indonesia ke AS. Dengan demikian, semakin volatile nilai tukar maka volume impor Indonesia dari AS semakin rendah. Jika Indonesia ingin menjaga neraca perdagangan, maka dianjurkan untuk mempertahankan kebijakan nilai tukar yang mengambang dan terkendali. This sudy examines the impact of real exchange value volatilities on bilateral trade performance between Indonesia and the United States utilizing the data period between Q1:1990 to Q3 2012. This study deploys two approach to measure real exchange values volatilities, Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (ARCH-1) and Moving Average standard Deviation methods. To test the long terms relationship between variables, it uses Autogressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing procedure. The result shows that real exchange values volatilities has negative influence on Indonesia’s import from the United States but does not affect the Indonesia’s export to the United States. Hence, the more volatile an exchange value leads to a decrease of Indonesia’s import volume from the United States. If Indonesia attempts to balance its trade, it needs to keep intact monetary policies afloat and controllable.
DAMPAK PERJANJIAN PERDAGANGAN INDONESIA - JEPANG (IJEPA) TERHADAP KINERJA PERDAGANGAN BILATERAL
Authors: Ardiyanti Septika Tri
Published: April 2018

Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dampak perjanjian Indonesia – Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (IJEPA) terhadap perdagangan bilateral Indonesia-Jepang dari sisi ekspor maupun impor, dengan menggunakan data bulanan Januari 1990 sampai dengan Juni 2014. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan counterfactual dengan melakukan ekstrapolasi terhadap data perdagangan tanpa FTA (basis ekstrapolasi Jan 1990-Juni 2008) dan kemudian membandingkannya dengan data perdagangan aktual pada saat IJEPA telah diimplementasikan (Juli 2008-Juni 2014). Ekstrapolasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), sementara untuk menguji perbedaan antara kedua pengamatan data aktual dengan data ekstrapolasi digunakan uji t -berpasangan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa IJEPA secara signifikan mampu meningkatkan nilai ekspor non migas Indonesia ke Jepang, namun tidak memiliki dampak signifikan terhadap peningkatan nilai impor non migas Indonesia dari Jepang. Dengan demikian, Indonesia terbukti mendapatkan keuntungan dari sisi perdagangan karena mampu meningkatkan nilai ekspornya ke Jepang. Oleh karena itu, kerjasama yang intensif antara kedua negara harus terus ditingkatkan untuk mengoptimalkan perjanjian tersebut. Pemerintah dapat mengusulkan adanya bilateral monitoring scheme kepada pemerintah Jepang dalam rangka meningkatkan pemanfaatan IJEPA. This study aims at examining the impact of Indonesia-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (IJEPA) towards bilateral trade between Indonesia and Japan, using monthly data from January 1990 to June 2014. This research used a counterfactual approach by constructing extrapolated trade values with pre-FTA data (extrapolation based on January 1990-June 2008), then comparing those extrapolated data with the actual trade data in the period after the implementation of IJEPA (July 2008-June 2014). The extrapolation was done using Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model, while paired t-test was used to examine the difference between the actual data and the extrapolated data. The results show that IJEPA can significantly increase the value of Indonesia’s non-oil exports to Japan, but it has no significant impact on the value of Indonesia’s non-oil imports from Japan. It is proven that Indonesia gets benefits from IJEPA in terms of foreign trade since it can increase its export value to Japan. Therefore, intensive cooperation between Indonesia and Japan should be improved by proposing a bilateral monitoring scheme to the Japanese government in order to improve the functions of IJEPA.
DAYA SAING REMPAH INDONESIA DI PASAR ASEAN PERIODE PRA DAN PASCA KRISIS EKONOMI GLOBAL
Authors: Hermawan Iwan
Published: April 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat daya saing ekspor rempah Indonesia di pasar ASEAN dan tingkat intensitas persaingan ekspor rempah dari negara-negara ASEAN. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Intra-Industry Trade (IIT), Index of Export Overlap (IEO), dan Index of Export Similarity (IES). Sedangkan data yang digunakan adalah data tahunan periode tahun 2005-2013. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daya saing rempah Indonesia di pasar ASEAN mengalami perubahan antar periode pengamatan. Pada periode sebelum dan saat krisis ekonomi banyak komoditas rempah Indonesia berdaya saing rendah. Sedangkan pada saat pasca krisis ekonomi kondisi daya saing rempah tersebut mengalami peningkatan, khususnya vanili, kayu manis, jahe, kunyit, safron, timi, daun salam, daun kari, dan lada. Apabila dilihat dari sisi persaingan komoditas rempah negara-negara ASEAN di pasar Indonesia maka intensitasnya cenderung menurun. Lada dari Filipina, vanili dari Thailand, dan cengkeh dari Malaysia dapat menjadi kompetitor yang potensial di pasar rempah Indonesia karena daya saingnya meningkat di saat negara-negara lain menurun. Pemerintah Indonesia dapat melakukan upaya-upaya untuk mempertahankan dan meningkatkan potensi daya saing rempah melalui (a) teknik budidaya yang baik, (b) pengembangan industri hilir, (c) pemanfaatan bursa komoditas, dan (e) perbaikan fasilitasi perdagangan. The study aims at analyzing the level of export competitiveness of Indonesian spices and the intensity level of spices export competitiveness among ASEAN countries. This study used Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Intra-Industry Trade (IIT), Index of Export Overlap (IEO), and Index of Export Similarity (IES) approaches. The data used were time series during 2005-2013. The results showed that in the period before and during economic crises, most of Indonesian spice commodities are considered in the low level of competitiveness. However, that level has improved after the Indonesian economic crises, particularly for some spice commodities such as: vanilla, cinnamon, ginger, saffron, turmeric, thyme, bay leaves, and curry. Seen from the ASEAN countries’ spice commodities in Indonesian market, the level of competitiveness tends to decline in the intensity. Philippines pepper, Thai vanilla, and Malaysian clove may become the potential competitors in Indonesian market showing that those countries have increased the level of competitiveness whereas other ASEAN countries have decreased. Indonesian government should maintain and stimulate the potential spice competitiveness through: (a) an application of good cultivation technique, (b) a development of downstream industry, (c) a utilization of commodity exchange, and (e) an improvement of trade facilitation.
ANALISIS HUBUNGAN HARGA TIMAH BKDI DAN LME SERTA KEBIJAKAN EKSPOR TERHADAP KINERJA EKSPOR TIMAH INDONESIA
Authors: Hasni Hasni
Published: April 2018

Timah merupakan bahan tambang yang tidak terbarukan. Indonesia menempati peringkat kedua sebagai produsen bijih timah terbesar dunia. Sejak 30 Agustus 2013, ekspor timah Indonesia harus melalui mekanisme transaksi di Bursa Komoditi dan Derivatif Indonesia (BKDI). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara harga timah BKDI dan harga timah di London Metal Exchange (LME) serta kebijakan ekspor terhadap kinerja ekspor timah Indonesia. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder dari BKDI, LME, Asian Metal dan BPS. Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan metode Granger causality menunjukkan bahwa setelah satu tahun penerapan ekspor timah melalui BKDI, harga timah BKDI dipengaruhi oleh harga timah LME pada rentang waktu satu hari kerja. Dari sisi penerimaan ekspor, kebijakan ekspor melalui BKDI dapat meningkatkan nilai ekspor timah bulanan ke Singapura. Pemerintah harus melanjutkan kebijakan ekspor timah yakni ekspor melalui Bursa Komoditi dan Derivatif Indonesia untuk mencegah ekspor timah ilegal dan meningkatkan daya saing serta nilai tambah produk timah ekspor Indonesia. Tin is a non-renewable mineral. Indonesia is the second largest producer of tin ore in the world. Since August 30 2013, Indonesian tin export has been done through The Indonesia Commodity and Derivatives Exchange (ICDX) transaction mechanism. This study aims to analyze the relationship between ICDX’s tin price and the London Metal Exchange (LME) price as well as the effect of tin export mechanism through ICDX on the Indonesia’s tin export performance. The secondary data were taken from BKDI, LME, Asian Metal and BPS. The results showed that using Granger causality analysis, after one year the policy is being implemented, there is a relationship between ICDX’s tin price and LME price on one (working days) time lag. Tin export policy through ICDX mechanism can increase the value of monthly tin exports to Singapore, therefore it increases the export earning. The government needs to continue the tin export policy through the ICDX to prevent illegal tin export as well as to strenghten the competitiveness and value added of Indonesian tin export.
Análise fisiológica em mudas de guanandi (calophyllum BRASILIENSE cambess) submetidas ao déficit hídrico
Authors: França Pedro Henrique Tavares de , Silva Elaine Cristina Alves da , Silva Thiago Cardoso , Brasil Nahila Alves , Nogueira Rejane Jurema Mansur Custódio
Published: April 2018

O guanandi (Calophyllum brasiliense Cambess) é uma espécie pertencente à família Clusiaceae, desenvolve-se preferencialmente em florestas semidecíduas, ombrófila densa, originária na região amazônica e do cerrado. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar as respostas fisiológicas em plantas jovens de guanandi submetidas ao déficit hídrico. Foram utilizados 3 tratamentos hídricos: rega diária, rega a cada 5 dias e rega a cada 15 dias, com 5 repetições por tratamento, durante um período de 29 dias. Os parâmetros analisados foram: relações hídricas, trocas gasosas e pigmentos fotossintéticos. As mudas submetidas ao tratamento 15d SR atingiram um valor de -2,3 MPa para o potencial hídrico foliar e o teor relativo de água de 83%, uma redução de 76% em sua fotossíntese e de 71% para a transpiração e um acréscimo em seu conteúdo de pigmentos fotossintéticos. As mudas de guanandi alteram seus processos fisiológicos com o objetivo de sobreviver sob condições de déficit hídrico.
Biometria e qualidade fisiologica de sementes de juazeiro ( Ziziphus Joazeiro marth.) de diferentes matrizes do semiarido paraibano
Authors: Oliveira de Lucena Edjane , Ferreira da Nóbrega Lúcio Assíria Maria , Alves Bakke Ivonete , Adiel Carneiro Pimenta Marllus , Menezes Ramos Talytta
Published: April 2018

A Caatinga é um bioma rico em diversidade de plantas e animais e muitas, com espécies endêmicas relevantes para a região. Sua vegetação é uma das mais exploradas por se tornar fonte de renda para a maioria da população da região nordeste. Dentre as espécies arbóreas presente, destaca-se o Ziziphus joazeiro possui inúmeras qualidades (forrageira, madeira, medicinal, paisagismo, restauração e recuperação ambiental. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar as variações biométricas e de germinação de sementes de dez matrizes de Zizyphus joazeiro, visando selecionar as matrizes com melhor potencial germinativo para produção de mudas. Avaliou-se a porcentagem de germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação, germinação média diária, comprimento de parte aérea, diâmetro do coleto, comprimento e massa seca e parte aérea. O delineamento estatístico foi um DIC em esquema fatorial e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Scott-Knott a 5 % de probabilidade e transformadas em arco seno. Verificou-se que existe uma variação genética e ambiental entre as matrizes. Com relação a porcentagem de germinação se destacaram as matrizes 1,2, 3, 4 e 5, em massa seca a matriz 9, em comprimento e diâmetro de frutos a matriz 1, 4 e 10  menor comprimento de sementes as matrizes 5 e 8.