bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment in treatment efficiency of a small-scale municipal wastewater treatment plant with activated sludge
Authors: Bubalo Marijana , Šumelj Ivana , Herceg Katarina , Medvidović Nediljka Vukojević
Published: October 2022

In this paper, the treatment efficiency of a small-scale wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) with activated sludge was analysed in order to examine the impact of variations in the composition of incoming raw municipal wastewater. The characteristics of the wastewater were analysed with respect to COD, BOD5 and TSS values and loading during the two years, 2018 and 2019. The mixed liquid suspended solid (MLSS), sludge volume index (SVI), food to microorganism ratio (F/M), sludge age and hydraulic retention time (HRT) were used for evaluation of the performance of WWTP. Removal percentage is in the order of TSS > BOD5 > COD during 2018, while in 2019 is in the order BOD5 > TSS > COD. However, better values of removal efficiency for COD, BOD and TSS are obtained in 2019, which is connected to lower oscillation values of MLSS and SVI index. Biodegradability ratio of raw and treated wastewater, plant reliability factor (RF) and equivalent number of inhabitant (ENI) were determined. In addition, the economic cost of small-scale wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) with activated sludge was evaluated and discussed.
Definition of hot-spots to reduce the nitrogen losses from agricultural land to groundwater in Slovakia
Authors: Bujnovský Radoslav , Koco Štefan
Published: October 2022

Agriculture is a significant contributor to nitrate pollution of groundwater which in many cases serves as a source of drinking water. Therefore, targeted reduction of nitrogen leaching losses is fully justified to address this issue. The aim of the study was to define the areas of utilized agricultural land (UAL) in Slovakia, where a nitrogen surplus needs to be reduced. Using the average values of leachable nitrogen in the period 2015-2018 and the long-term amount of percolated water, the nitrate concentration in leachate was calculated. To ensure that agricultural activities will contribute to the gradual reduction of nitrate concentration in groundwater, the nitrate concentration in leachate of 40 mg L-1 was chosen as the target value. This concentration was exceeded at 11.7% of the UAL area. The average indicative amount of nitrogen in industrial fertilizers that needs to be reduced to achieve a stricter nitrate concentration in the leachate in these hot-spots is 16 kg ha-1 with the proviso that in two districts this value exceeds 30 kg ha-1.
Supply chain dynamics after the COVID-19 pandemic and stock market performance: Evidence from the US
Authors: Gibilaro Lucia , Mattarocci Gianluca
Published: October 2022

Supply chain risk is a strategic issue for managing multinational companies, and Covid-19 has shown the relevance of this type of risk for the firm’s survival probability. The market may perceive the choice of replacing some of the main customers or suppliers as an increase or a decrease of the risk based on the features of the new supply chain members, and markets tend to penalize companies that increase their exposure to unaffordable events. During the pandemic, many supply chains suffered from glitches and companies were obliged to redefine their network by selecting their new strategic customers and/or suppliers.

The paper evaluates the supply chain composition strategies of a set of multinational companies based in the US during the last decade. It highlights the differences in supply chain management behavior before and during the pandemic. Data collected allow testing the impact on the stock market performance of modifying the supply chain network by adding new members that may have a different level of risk. Results show that the market reaction to supply chain updates changed after the Covid-19, and nowadays there is greater attention on the credit risk of the new companies entering the supply chain.
Innovation in tourism as a model of recovery in the postpandemic period
Authors: Ratković Rade , Jablan Milica , Liješević Milan
Published: October 2022

The COVID-19 virus pandemic has influenced tourism policy makers to change their decisions and management methods due to the new challenging situation. The inability to establish normal tourism business, due to difficult mobility of tourists and unfavorable epidemiological situation, has led to finding various innovative solutions that could help improve results in tourism. In addition to improve the current situation, the innovations introduced during the pandemic were aimed at bringing certain changes in the coming period, when the tourism industry is not burdened by the pandemic, which will accelerate the growth of the tourism economy. The main goal of this paper is to point out certain models of implementation of innovative solutions, which could affect the more dynamic development of tourism in Montenegro. The subject of research in this paper are innovations in tourism and their application with special reference to Montenegro. Montenegro has not yet fully recognized the importance of introducing innovations in tourism, so the next period should be dedicated to their implementation. The tourist offer of Montenegro should be enriched by the introduction of new specific forms of tourism, in order to adequately meet the demands of the main emitting markets. In addition to the innovative tourist offer, solutions should be sought in the integration of digital and virtual technologies into marketing functions, because the modern tourist business is increasingly relying on these technologies. Research has shown that it is necessary to work on creating new strategies and plans that will more studiously deal with this issue.
Nicotine addiction – a health problem in adolescents in a neurobiological context
Authors: Grzywacz Elżbieta , Grzymkowska Maria , Chmielowiec Jolanta , Grzywacz Anna , Strońska-Pluta Aleksandra , Masiak Jolanta , Chmielowiec Krzysztof
Published: October 2022

Smoking is one of the leading causes of death which can be prevented in the developed countries. Smoking begins mainly in adolescence. Smoking in early adolescence is known to be associated with an increased risk of later addiction. Also the growing popularity of e-cigarettes, which attract young people with a variety of flavors, and are still little associated with harmful effects on health, unlike regular cigarettes. Exposure to nicotine in young people can affect learning, memory and attention, and lead to increased impulsivity, mood disorders and drug dependence. Nicotine and its derivatives are harmful to the human body, causing a significant increase in blood pressure, deterioration of blood supply to the vessels and acceleration of atherosclerotic processes, it has a detrimental effect on the gastric mucosa, causing gastric disorders. In addition, smoking is associated with the risk of many cancers: oral cavity, larynx, esophagus, lung, pancreas, kidney, liver and bladder. Nicotine addiction causes many health, social and financial consequences for the individual and the community as a whole. Multiple nicotine addiction risk SNPs were found in the CHRNA5/A3/B4 gene cluster, with the best reported results for the risk allele derived from the non-synonymous SNP, rs16969968, in CHRNA5. Therefore, in the problem of addiction, including nicotine addiction, it seems important to know the neurobiological factors, including genetic ones, involved in these processes. This could lead to the development of new pharmacological and behavioral treatment strategies in the future.
The Identification of Market Segments and the Selection of Target Markets in the Marketing of Petroleum Products
Authors: Măgdoiu Liliana Doina , Gordan M.I. , Silaghi Helga , Caciora Veronica Simona Abrudan
Published: October 2022

Currently, the market for the selling of petroleum products has reached a stage of development where it is almost impossible to satisfy all consumers with a single oil product, each category of consumers having their own expectations from the purchased product. Consequently, oil companies must consider the differences between consumer requirements and expectations when developing both their marketing mix and their marketing strategy. To achieve such a goal, they can adopt the strategy of dividing the market for petroleum products into specific groups, each including consumers with common characteristics and similar needs for certain goods and services. The action of finding the above-mentioned groups is called market segmentation. The segmentation of the market for petroleum products is the most important marketing tool, its role being that of helping the company find its place on the market.
Numerical Modeling of a Propagation Process Using (Mpdx) Matrix Associated to Second Order Partial Diferential Equations with Two Independent Variables
Authors: Mesaros Diana , Colosi T. , Silaghi A.M. , Kovendi Z. , Pǎcalǎ A.
Published: October 2022

This paper presents a preliminary version of case study for propagation process using Matrix of Partial Derivatives of the State Vector (Mpdx) Method associated to second order Partial Differential Equations with two Independent Variables and Approximating Solutions. Considering a thermally insulated layer of a specific thickness exposed on the upper part to a constant overtemperature with a uniform distribution over the entire heat transfer surface, using numerical modeling are emphasized some interpretation variants for evolution of processed signals for possible applications.
Financial statements of companies as an object of investment valuation in the context of global economic uncertainty
Authors: VORONOVA Ekaterina Yu. , LUKINA Yuliya A.
Published: October 2022

Subject. This article examines the financial statements of companies in the focus of investment valuation as an effective mechanism for reducing risks in the context of global economic uncertainty.
Objectives. The study aims to conduct an investment assessment of "young" companies that went public and entered the stock market after 2020 in the midst of the global pandemic.
Methods. For the study, we used a systems approach, analysis, comprehensive investment assessment, and the table method.
Results. The article presents the results of the investment evaluation of three companies that attracted the most interest among investors during the global pandemic, namely, Krafton Inc., Xpeng, and Airbnb Inc.
Conclusions. Investment valuation of assets helps develop a competent investment strategy that can bring income in the future. In present-day developments, many investors pay more attention to some non-price indicators. However, if building a long-term investment strategy, one should rely on more objective indicators, for example, analysis of financial statements, ratio analysis, and investment evaluation.
Analyzing the financial sector's position in the Russian economy
Authors: SMIRNOV Valerii V.
Published: October 2022

Subject. This article deals with the issues of stability of the financial system of Russia.
Objectives. The article aims to find the best tools for improving the financial system of Russia.
Methods. For the study, I used the methods of statistical, neural network, and cluster analyses.
Results. The article determines the significant volatility of the growth rate of the monetary aggregate M2 and notes a decrease in the amplitude values of the growth rates of the debt of the non-financial sector and households on bank loans and issued debt securities.
Conclusions. The financial sector in the Russian economy acts as a regulator of the growth of debt of the non-financial sector and households on bank loans and issued debt securities. Currently, loans and borrowings are the most effective financial instruments.
Rating assessment of the sustainable development potential of the Northern resource-type regions' extractive industry: Methodological approaches
Authors: NIKIFOROVA Valentina V.
Published: October 2022

Subject. This article discusses the problems of sustainable development of the mining industry location regions.
Objectives. The article aims to develop tools for assessing the potential for the development of the extractive industry and analyzing the development of the Northern regions of Russia.
Methods. For the study, I used a comparative analysis and grouping.
Results. The article proposes a methodological approach that helps conduct a comparative analysis of the potential and competitiveness of regions based on a quantitative assessment of various objects and production processes. It also finds that formalized trends determine the functional dependencies of potentials on various endogenous and exogenous factors.
Conclusions. The Western oil and gas producing regions have the most sustainable capacity of the extractive industry, the Eastern ones have the least sustainable capacity.
Development of the industrial system of the region: Factors and conditions
Authors: STRIZHAKOVA Ekaterina N. , STRIZHAKOV Dmitrii V.
Published: October 2022

Subject. This article examines the industrial system of the Bryansk Oblast and factors of its development.
Objectives. The article aims to analyze the state of the Bryansk Oblast's industrial system, identify factors of its growth and development, mechanisms and tools for implementing industrial policy.
Methods. For the study, we used general scientific research methods.
Results. The article describes the problems and opportunities of the industrial system of the Bryansk Oblast and determines the areas of development of the country's economy in the conditions of sanctions.
Conclusions. The results of the study can be used when industrial policy measures making.
A process approach to the digital transformation of regional economic systems
Authors: KOCHETKOVA Tat'yana S.
Published: October 2022

Subject. This article discusses new forms of sustainable development of the regional economic system in the context of digitalization, as well as the processes of its structural transformation.
Objectives. The article aims to determine the methodological potential of the process approach to the analysis of the digital transformation of economic systems.
Methods. For the study, I used general scientific research methods.
Results. The article describes the system processes within the framework of the digital transformation of the regional economy. These processes are classified according to the main economic agents.
Conclusions. The studied processes should become an object of managerial influence to accelerate digitalization. The emerging regional digital economic system will have the capacity to create value and benefits from a variety of resources.
Las garantías de independencia de los Tribunales Administrativos de Recursos Contractuales
Authors: Vilalta Reixach Marc
Published: October 2022

Una las principales características del recurso especial en materia de contratación pública regulado por la LCSP es que su tramitación y resolución se atribuye a órganos administrativos creados ad hoc –los denominados tribunales administrativos de recursos contractuales (TARC)–, especializados en materia de contratación y dotados de garantías de independencia, tanto frente al órgano de contratación como frente a los posibles licitadores interesados.
Es por ello que el propósito de este trabajo consiste en aproximarse al régimen jurídico de los diferentes TARC existentes en España –prestando especial atención a aquellos creados por las Comunidades Autónomas y las entidades locales–, para comprobar si éstos se han configurado realmente como un auténtico órgano independiente.
Para ello, tomando como referencia los condicionantes que derivan directamente del Derecho de la Unión Europea, analizaremos algunos de los elementos más relevantes de la organización y funcionamiento de dichos órganos, tales como la forma de designación de sus miembros, la duración de su mandato y su revocabilidad o la apariencia de independencia respecto de las partes.
Transparencia y participación en el desarrollo de la organización administrativa de La Graciosa
Authors: Armas Castilla Noel
Published: October 2022

La insularidad de La Graciosa ha sido reconocida por las Cortes Generales, tanto a través de su producción normativa con la aprobación de la Ley Orgánica 1/2018, de 5 de noviembre, de reforma del Estatuto de Canarias (en adelante, el EAC 2018), como a través de la moción que en junio de 2018 aprobó el Senado de España.
En nuestro orden constitucional, la isla es una entidad a la que se le reconoce autonomía y a la que se le atribuye una determinada organización administrativa para la gestión de sus intereses particulares, con lo que nos hacemos la pregunta de saber en qué medida el reconocimiento de la realidad insular de La Graciosa ha afectado a sus elementos organizativos.
La legislación aplicable no ofrece sin embargo opciones para dar encaje a la insularidad de La Graciosa teniendo en cuenta que tal reconocimiento implica dotarla de los atributos propios de una isla. Esto acarrea como consecuencia la necesidad de encontrar en el escaso margen dispuesto por nuestra regulación de régimen local una solución para el desarrollo de la organización administrativa de esta isla.
The Principle of the Rule of Law Is An Attribute of the Modern Legislation Reform
Authors: Trynyova Y. О.
Published: October 2022

The author depicted the problem of discrepancy of the acting Ukrainian legislation in the sphere of the legal regulation of scientific research in one of the heading principles and standards of the EU law-making, namely the principle of the rule of law. The author has conducted an analysis of the national legislation and compared it with the international law in the afore-mentioned sphere, and has found out a number of divergences. Hence, the author has proposed the methods of solving the said legal problem, namely the author has chosen the most sufficient and actionable method of fulfilling the unification of legal terminology in the acting national legislation, and as a result, its adaptation to international law. The author finds it concordant to perform a number of changes to a chain of laws and bylaws, which are acting in Ukraine. Similar changes testify that the Ukrainian legislator fulfills the principle of the rule of law, especially one of its’ key features – namely, the legal certainty, clarity and non-ambiguity of the legal norm.
Peculiarities of the Business of Medical Practice in Ukraine During the Period of Marital Status
Authors: Khudoshyna O. V.
Published: October 2022

The peculiarities of the implementation of economic activity of medical practice in Ukraine during the period of a military situation were analysed. It has been proved that the economic activity of medical practice in the martial law is a separate special treatment of management which establishes a particular order for the organisation and carries out of business activity in a certain territory or in a definite industry of the economy, which differs from the general mode of economic activity that is provided by the legislation. It is emphasized the need to create a permanent communication platform that will allow taking into account state requirements and numerous proposals and remarks of the medical community, lawyers, organizations and experts regarding the conduct of economic activity from medical practice during the period of martial law.
EDUKASI ASUHAN KEBIDANAN IBU NIFAS DALAM PELAYANAN CONTINUITY OF CARE PADA ERA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: Yulizawati Yulizawati , Bustami Lusiana El Sinta , Halida Erda Mutiara , Fitrayeni Fitrayeni , Oktova Rafika , Rahmi Laila , Lisa Ulfa Farrah , Insani Aldina Ayunda , Iffah Uliy , Andriani Feni , Safaringga Miranie
Published: October 2022

Masa nifas merupakan masa yang penting bagi tenaga kesehatan untuk selalu melakukan pemantauan agar terhindar penyulit dalam masa nifas. Pelaksanaan yang kurang maksimal dapat meningkatkan Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI). Pada masa pandemi ini, ibu hamil dan menyusui termasuk kategori yang rentan terhadap infeksi virus corona Covid-19 karena memiliki imunitas yang rendah akibat perubahan hormon. Kasus Covid-19 untuk wilayah Sumatera Barat sampai tanggal 4 Juni 2020 sebanyak 594 orang positif, 25 orang meninggal dan 312 orang sembuh. Perlu adanya peran tenaga kesehatan maupun bagian pendidikan, keterlibatan suami dan peran serta keluarga dengan asuhan kebidanan berkelanjutan. Metode yang dilakukan dengan wawancara dan pemberian asuhan secara daring dan kontak sesuai protokol kesehatan dari kementerian kesehatan. Penerapan model asuhan berkelanjutan (Continuity of Care) diberikan sejak kehamilan, kelahiran dan periode postnatal untuk semua perempuan, baik ibu risiko rendah maupun tinggi dan di semua rangkaian unit kebidanan (Praktik Mandiri Bidan di Sumatera Barat). Hasil kegiatan didapatkan bahwa terciptanya kesadaran Ibu, suami dan keluarga untuk mampu melakukan pendampingan dan pelaksanaan pemenuhan kebutuan fisik dan psikologi ibu selama nifas dengan memperhatikan kondisi lingkungan di era pandemi Covid-19 ini. Evaluasi asuhan kebidanan hingga akhir masa nifas perlu dilaksanakan guna menilai outcome nifas yang lebih baik dan tercapainya ASI Eksklusif.
EDUKASI PENINGKATAN PERILAKU CUCI TANGAN PAKAI SABUN PADA SISWA TAMAN KANAK-KANAK DI KOTA PADANG
Authors: Syafrawati Syafrawati , Oktari Rayunda Chikita
Published: October 2022

Perilaku Cuci Tangan Pakai Sabun (CTPS) yang tidak tepat masih tinggi ditemukan pada anak usia 10 tahun ke bawah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara perilaku cuci tangan pakai sabun dengan diare pada anak. Penyakit diare sampai saat ini masih termasuk dalam urutan 10 penyakit terbanyak di Kota Padang. Tujuan kegiatan ini untuk meningkatkan perilaku CTPS pada siswa Taman Kanak-Kanak. Sasaran kegiatan adalah siswa TK di Kecamatan Nanggalo Kota Padang yaitu TK/PAUD Islam Arrozaq dan TK/PAUD Islam Nurul Halim yang berjumlah 66 orang. Kegiatan diawali dengan perkenalan dan pemberian informasi tentang pentingnya CTPS dan penanyangan video yang berisikan drama singkat mengenai pentingnya CTPS, akibat bila tidak CTPS, dan tari CTPS. Tari CTPS mengajarkan cara mencuci tangan pakai sabun yang baik dan benar. Setelah itu dilakukan praktek CTPS yang baik dan benar. Promosi kesehatan menggunakan media tarian dan nyanyian mendapatkan respon yang baik dari siswa TK. Peserta memperhatikan dengan seksama informasi yang diberikan dan antusias dalam melakukan kegiatan terutama pada sosialisasi tari CTPS. Diharapkan kegiatan ini dapat berlangsung secara berkelanjutan kepada seluruh siswa taman kanak-kanak yang ada di kota Padang, mengingat syarat dari pengajuan akreditasi taman kanak-kanak adalah tersedianya alat CTPS di sekolah. Oleh karena itu diharapkan ada pelatihan yang berkelanjutan kepada siswa tentang CTPS.
Investigating the Difficulties of Learning English Grammar and Suggested Methods to Overcome Them
Authors: Ajaj Israa Eibead
Published: October 2022

English plays a significant role in developing educational systems worldwide. Grammar is an important aspect of learning English language. Without learning the grammar; the language cannot be practiced properly. English writing is considered as a vital part during the academic life of students. Several grammatical errors and difficulties appeared among students when leaning English because of the poor knowledge and experience of students with lexis and grammar in their daily life. This research aims to investigate the difficulties of learning English grammar and suggested methods to address them. A descriptive methodology was utilized in this research through reviewing the previous literature. The research results indicate that students still suffer from difficulties in learning the English language, especially its grammar, and they suffer from weakness in the grammatical, semantic and pragmatic levels that appear in their spoken or written language. The research finds out that students in various stages face many difficulties and problems in learning English grammar, which can be traced back to the old teaching style, inappropriate curriculum, and the non-enthusiastic psychological state of the student mainly.
A Study of Consonant Clusters in English Compound Words
Authors: Younis Rand Zuhair
Published: October 2022

Consonant clusters are a group or sequence of consonants that appear together in a syllable without a vowel between them. Consonant2 clusters are commonly found in simple words but they can be recognized also in compound words. Therefore, the present study tries to tackle consonant clusters in compound words. The present study aims at distinguishing consonant clusters in different types of compound words in the English language and studying the frequency of consonant clusters within a compound word. The study employs an eclectic model to achieve the intended aims it. The study concludes that a sequence of two juxtaposed elements can be considered as a compound in English and English compounds can be divided into the following types: nominal, adjectival, verbal, and adverb compounds.
Implicações éticas do uso de teleconsultas médicas no Brasil
Authors: Santos Dhavid Leite Ferreira dos , Araújo Laís Záu Serpa de
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: Analisar as implicações éticas na utilização da modalidade de teleconsultas. Revisão bibliográfica: A teleconsulta demonstrou-se essencial, sobretudo em tempos de crise, como a que se vivenciou na pandemia da Covid-19, considerado os riscos de contaminação e consequente disseminação da doença e a superlotação de leitos de hospitais. No entanto, apesar dos seus avanços normativos essa, do ponto de vista ético, ainda se encontra em evolução, pois apresenta conflitos com a ética tradicional. Não obstante, vemos que é possível assegurar esses princípios entendidos como conflitantes como o princípio da privacidade, confidencialidade, e autonomia, garantir o direito a informação bem como, superar, em alguns casos, a falta de exame físico, garantir acessibilidade e qualidade no atendimento, desde que esteja devidamente regulamentada. Considerações finais: É indispensável a adoção de protocolos para as teleconsultas que antevejam a necessidade ou não de exame físico, modo de como obter corretamente o consentimento do paciente para a realização das consultas remotas e com previsão de um ambiente adequado para a realização das teleconsultas, assegurando a privacidade e confidencialidade, bem como preveja, mecanismos de treinamento e acessibilidades para médicos e pacientes.
Time to Surgical Closure of Complex Infectious Wounds: A Single-center Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Yumeen Sara , Roy Mélissa , Mirza Fatima , Rehou Sarah , Shahrokhi Shahriar
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Surgical management of NSTIs can result in complex wounds, and closure of these wounds is often difficult or complicated. Although surgical factors influencing mortality and LOS have been well described, little is known about patient, wound, and surgical factors associated with time to closure. Objective. The purpose of this study is to identify patient, wound, and surgical factors that may influence time to closure of NSTIs. Materials and Methods. The records of patients who presented to a tertiary care center over an 11-year period (2007–2017) with an NSTI requiring surgical closure were retrospectively reviewed. Results. Forty-seven patients met the inclusion criteria. The average time to closure was 31.1 days, with an average of 4.8 procedures. Most patients were middle aged (mean, 50.3 years; range, 20–81 years), immunocompetent, and nondiabetic upon admission. Closure was achieved mainly with autograft. The percent TBSA was described in 19 cases (40%). There was no association between substance use (alcohol, smoking, or other), anticoagulant medication use, or medical comorbidities and time to closure. On multivariable analysis, flap closure (P =.02) and increased number of surgical procedures (P =.003)—the latter reflecting the need for an increased number of debridements—were associated with increased time to closure. Conclusions. The data in this study suggest that use of local flaps for wound closure and increased number of surgical procedures (particularly debridements) may be predictors of time to closure in patients with an NSTI.
Hydrogel Enriched With Sodium Alginate and Vitamins A and E for Diabetic Foot Ulcer: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Barbosa Murilo , Carvalho Viviane , Paggiaro Andre
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Diabetic foot ulcers usually are hard to heal, and amputation is sometimes necessary. Wound bed preparation helps promote the normal healing process, and debridement is fundamental to improving the wound microenvironment. Hydrogel enriched with sodium alginate and vitamins A and E is a new treatment that can aid in debridement and WBP. Objective. This study evaluates the efficacy of the autolytic debridement promoted by hydrogel in the healing of DFU. Materials and Methods. This was a single-blind randomized controlled trial with a 12-week follow-up period. Twenty-six patients were randomized into either the control group (cleaning and a simple dressing) or the experimental group (hydrogel treatment). Nineteen patients completed the trial. The wound area, healing, and wound severity classification based on PUSH were evaluated, and microscopic evaluation of the presence of inflammatory infiltrate and collagen production was performed. Results. The average patient age, duration of the open wound, and presence of diabetes were similar between the groups. The initial wound area was larger in the experimental group than in the control group, however. No statistically significant differences were found in any of the outcomes (lesion area and PUSH subscores) between the groups. Histological analysis demonstrated a reduction in the inflammatory infiltrate in the experimental group; however, there was no increase in collagen production. Conclusions. The use of enriched hydrogel was found to be of no benefit compared with conventional dressings in the management of DFU.
Individual Tree Parameters Models for Melia Azedarach (Chinaberry) Tree Grown in Erbil
Authors: Dahir Srud Zubair , Salih Tariq
Published: October 2022

The crown width of a tree is very important parameter. It is responsible for tree survival and for producing the food for the whole tree. They produce oxygen, filter out dust and other airborne pollutants from the air, purification of the water, generate shadow and determine the scenic beauty of trees and forests. The tree crowns have a significant effect on the microclimate. But measuring of the crown width is a difficult task that needs much money, time and effort. Thus this study aimed at developing of mathematical relationship between the crown width and breast height diameter for Chinaberry trees grown in Sami Abdulrahman Park in Erbil, Iraq. Both crown width and breast height diameters are the most important parameters of a tree. The breast height diameter of a tree can be measured very easily using diameter tape or caliper, unlike measuring of the crown width which is more cumbersome. Therefore, it is accustomed to regress it with breast height diameter in mathematical equations.to be used for prediction of crown width instead of measuring it whenever it is needed. Such regression models were undergone many measures of precision in order to select the most appropriate one that best fits the collected dataset. In this study 50 regression models were developed, of which 25 included the y- intercept and the other 25 regression models was without Y-intercept. The first group of regression models were excluded from the competition list because of having low values of the coefficient of determination. The second group of equations were subjected to many criteria for the purpose of selecting the best one  and at last the equation:  was finally selected for its high prediction ability and simplicity in application. According to this equation the crown width of for Chinaberry trees grown in (Sami Abdulrahman Park in Erbil) increases with 1.50168m for each unit increase in   .
The OPM Data Breach: An Investigation of Shared Emotional Reactions on Twitter
Authors:   University of Texas at San Antonio, Bachura Eric , Valecha Rohit ,   University of Texas at San Antonio, Chen Rui ,   Iowa State University, Rao H. Raghav ,   University of Texas at San Antonio
Published: October 2022

This paper investigates the shared emotional responses of Twitter users in the aftermath of a massive data breach, a crisis event known as the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) data breach of 2015. This breach impacted the lives of several million individuals due to the exposure of sensitive and personally identifying information. We take a data exploration approach to analyzing over 18,000 tweet messages of the ensuing discussion that took place after public notification that the breach had occurred. The resulting analysis reveals that although the emotions of anxiety, anger, and sadness may initially appear erratic, at an aggregate level, the public display of these emotions corresponds to the situational awareness of the breach event. Further, our analysis finds that this relationship extends to the sharing of emotions, indicating that those participating in the conversation congregate around a sense of shared emotional experience. Finally, an in-depth analysis of the ensuing dialogue identifies the most salient conversational drivers of these emotions, revealing breach concepts most significantly related to each emotion. Based on the results, we present propositions that draw from this analysis to inform emotional response characteristics that emerge over the duration of such crisis events. The results of this study can inform organizational practices and policy making in the context of response to crisis events such as data breaches.
A Randomized Field Experiment to Explore the Impact of Herding Cues as Catalysts for Adoption
Authors:   Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Feng Yue (Katherine) , Claggett Jennifer ,   Wake Forest University, Karahanna Elena ,   University of Georgia, Tam Kar Yan ,   Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Published: October 2022

A herding cue is a lean information signal that an individual receives about the aggregate number of others who have engaged in a behavior that may result in herd behavior. Given the ease with which they can be leveraged as implementation interventions or design features on online sites, herding cues hold the promise to provide a means to influence adoption behaviors. Yet, little attention has been devoted in the IS adoption literature to understanding the effects of herding cues. Given that herding cues are just one of several forms of social influence on adoption behaviors and are relatively lean in nature, understanding their viability as an implementation intervention necessitates understanding their effects in the presence of (1) other forms of social influence, which also serve to reduce uncertainty and signal the appropriateness of technology adoption, and (2) an individual’s own beliefs about adopting. In this vein, we conducted a randomized field experiment to examine the use of a herding cue as an implementation intervention to hasten adoption behaviors. The research model was evaluated using survival analysis by combining the data from the field experiment with two waves of surveys, and archival logs of adoption. Our results show that a herding cue (1) directly impacts the time it takes an individual to adopt a technology, (2) amplifies the effects of peer behaviors (another type of informative social influence), but has no impact on the effect of subjective norm (a form of normative social influence), and (3) dampens the effects of an individual’s private beliefs about the usefulness of a technology. Our paper disentangles herding information signals to define a herding cue as distinct from other herd behavior triggers, explores how it may interact with other forms of social influences and private beliefs to influence adoption behaviors, and, on a practical level, provides evidence of how a herding cue can be a tangible intervention to accelerate technology adoption.
Spin–orbit couplings within spin-conserving and spin-flipping time-dependent density functional theory: Implementation and benchmark calculations
Authors: Kotaru Saikiran , Pokhilko Pavel , Krylov Anna
Published: October 2022

We present a new implementation for computing spin-orbit couplings (SOCs) within time-dependent density-functional theory (TD-DFT) framework in the stan- dard spin-conserving formulation as well in the spin-flip variant (SF-TD-DFT). This approach employs the Breit-Pauli Hamiltonian and Wigner-Eckart’s theorem ap- plied to the reduced one-particle transition density matrices, together with the spin–orbit mean-field (SOMF) treatment of the two-electron contributions. We use state-interaction procedure and compute the SOC matrix elements using zero-order non-relativistic states. Benchmark calculations using several closed-shell organic molecules, diradicals, and a single-molecule magnet (SMM) illustrate the efficiency of the SOC protocol. The results for organic molecules (described by standard TD- DFT) show that SOCs are insensitive to the choice of the functional or basis sets, as long as the states of the same characters are compared. In contrast, the SF-TD- DFT results for small diradicals (CH2, NH+2 , SiH2, and PH+2 ) show strong functional dependence. The spin-reversal energy barrier in a Fe(III) SMM computed using non- collinear SF-TD-DFT (PBE0, ωPBEh/cc-pVDZ) agrees well with the experimental estimate.
Adduct Ions as Diagnostic Probes of Metallosupramolecular Complexes using Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Geue Niklas , Bennett Tom , Ramakers Lennart , Timco Grigore , McInnes Eric , Burton Neil , Armentrout Peter , Winpenny Richard , Barran Perdita
Published: October 2022

Following electrospray ionization (ESI), it is common for analytes to enter the gas phase accompanied by an additional small ion or molecule. Although these may not be influential in solution, they often determine the charge of the entire complex and can markedly tune their properties in the gas phase. Therefore, measuring their relative influence can be used to assist our understanding of the structure and stability of the target molecule. Because these adducts are usually distinguishable by their mass, differences in the behaviour of the analyte resulting from these added species can be extracted readily. Here, we use ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS), supported by density functional theory (DFT), to investigate how different charge carriers (H+, Na+, K+, Cs+) as well as water influence the disassembly, stability, and conformational landscape of the homometallic ring [Cr8F8(O2CtBu)16] and different heterometallic rotaxanes [NH2RR’][Cr7MF8(O2CtBu)16], where M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Cd. The results yield new insights on their disassembly mechanisms and support previously reported trends in cavity size and transition metal properties, demonstrating the potential of adduct ion studies for characterising metallosupramolecular complexes in general.
Modular mixing in plasmonic metal oxide nanocrystal gels with thermoreversible links
Authors: Kang Jiho , Sherman Zachary M. , Crory Hannah S. N. , Conrad Diana L. , Berry Marina W. , Roman Benjamin J. , Anslyn Eric V. , Truskett Thomas M. , Milliron Delia J.
Published: October 2022

Gelation offers a powerful strategy to assemble plasmonic nanocrystal networks incorporating both distinctive optical properties of constituent building blocks and customizable collective properties. Beyond what a single-component assembly can offer, characteristics of nanocrystal networks can be tuned in a broader range when two or more components are intimately combined. Here, we demonstrate mixed nanocrystal gel networks using thermoresponsive metal-terpyridine links that enable rapid gel assembly and disassembly with thermal cycling. Plasmonic indium oxide nanocrystals with different sizes, doping concentrations, and shapes are reliably intermixed in linked gel assemblies, exhibiting collective infrared absorption that reflects the contributions of each component while also deviating systematically from a linear combination of the spectra for single-component gels. We extend a many-bodied, mutual polarization method to simulate the optical response of mixed nanocrystal gels, reproducing the experimental trends with no free parameters and revealing that spectral deviations originate from cross-coupling between nanocrystals with distinct plasmonic properties. Our thermoreversible linking strategy directs the assembly of mixed nanocrystal gels with continuously tunable far- and near-field optical properties that are distinct from those of the building blocks or mixed close-packed structures.
A Molecular Docking and Dynamic Simulation Study for the Inhibition of Porcine Corona Virus: Drug Repurposing Approach
Authors: Tiwari Anupama
Published: October 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus-2 was declared as world pandemic by WHO in 2019. It has been spreading very rapidly around the world and responsible for various health issues. Different forms of corona viruses are capable of initiating infections in humans ranging from common cold to respiratory disorders. I utilized the drug repurposing approach for identifying the therapeutic potential candidate for the inhibition of the nsp1 protein of a new porcine coronavirus 6lpa. 81 FDA approved antiviral agents were docked against this virus using discovery studio and PyRx software. Analysis of result reveals three compounds on the basis of the best docking score: Abivertinib, Vazegepant and Elbasvir. Pharmacological and toxicological properties of the leads were also determined. Furthermore, Molecular dynamics simulation studies were performed to determine the stability of complexes. RMSD of protein- ligand complex is showing excellent stability with all three drugs. Least conformational changes can be seen within Abivertinib complex which shows its stability during simulation process. These screened drugs obtained through drug repurposing approach can prove to be useful in treating the infections caused by porcine corona virus 6lpa after further studies.
CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT AS A GOOD PREDICTOR OF ACTUAL PERFORMANCE
Authors: Apaloo Mercy , Kombat Daniel , Mohammed Yahaya
Published: October 2022

Continuous assessment is a system for grading students’ performance throughout the cognitive, emotional, and psychomotor domains of learning. Academics, educational administrators, and policymakers use continuous assessment as a measurement and evaluation technique that has a positive impact on students’ performance at the end of their examination. Thus, the study looks at the link between continuous assessment and students’ end-of-semester exam scores at Kumasi Technical University’s (KsTU) in the Department of Accountancy and Accounting Information Systems. The study used a correlational design as its research approach. The study population comprises third year Higher National Diploma Accounting with computing students in the Department of Accounting Information Systems and Accountancy at Kumasi Technical University (KsTU). The data was gathered and analysed using students’ test analysis and the descriptive research method of Pearson’s correlation coefficients (r) in SPSS version 26. It was revealed that there was a significant difference in the values, mean score of actual performance, and the value of 3. Regular and proper administration of continuous assessment will boast the students’ actual performance.
THE ROLE OF A GROWTH MINDSET ON GRIT AMONG TEACHERS OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL IN PURWOKERTO
Authors: Nastiti Nindya Pranita , Wahidah Fatin RN , Wulandari Dyah Astorini , Grafiyana Gisella Arnis
Published: October 2022

The quality of students is reflected in the quality of education. As a result, teachers must be persistent in achieving good and appropriate educational goals. This study aimed to determine the role of a growth mindset on grit in high school teachers in Purwokerto, Indonesia. This research is a quantitative study using a simple random sample sampling technique, which obtained 174 samples of high school teachers in Purwokerto. Data collection in this study used a growth mindset and a grit scale with a reliability coefficient of 0.895 for a growth mindset and 0.913 for grit. The analysis technique in this study uses simple linear analysis. The results showed that the value of F-test = 162.434 and T-test = 12.745 with a significance value (p) = 0.000 (p<005). The hypothesis in the study was accepted, namely that there was an influence between the growth mindset variable on grit. This study obtained a determinant coefficient or Rsquare of 0.486, implying that the influence of the growth mindset variable on the grit variable has an effective contribution of 48.6%. It can interpret as this influence that the perspective or belief held by the teacher will affect the persistence of effort and the consistency of interest held by the teacher. Further research can replicate the model on different populations of subjects with similar subject characteristics, such as kindergarten, elementary, junior high, or special education teachers who handle students.
SETTLEMENT OF HUSBAND-WIFE AFFAIRS CASE ACCORDING TO CUSTOMARY LAW IN MEMPURA DISTRICT, SIAK SRI INDRAPURA REGENCY
Authors: Deliana Evi , A. Rauf Muhammad
Published: October 2022

Customary law is a rule of law that has been passed down from generation to generation in an indigenous community. Like the rule of law in general, customary law also has a dispute resolution mechanism, one of which is the settlement of disputes that occur in the household due to infidelity committed by either husband or wife. The community in Mempura District still respects and implements existing customary law, especially those that regulate problems in the family. Penghulu and traditional leaders also play a role in resolving infidelity cases that occur in the community. However, not all infidelity cases are resolved through customary law. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which customary law plays a role in resolving infidelity cases in Mempura District, Siak Sri Indrapura Regency and why not all people are willing to resolve infidelity cases through customary law. The research method used is sociological legal research, which is looking at the implementation of the rule of law in society. Data collection techniques were conducted by interviewing traditional leaders. From the results of the study, it was found that the cheating party was given a traditional fine in the form of one goat and a ceremony was carried out as an effort to reject the reinforcements that would occur in the future. This settlement through customary law has a weakness, namely the decision of traditional leaders does not have binding power, so its implementation is highly dependent on community compliance. The limitation of this research is in the Mempura District, Siak Regency. Research on this matter has never been done before.
A Hitchhiker’s Guide to Understanding Exchange Rates
Authors: Humpage Owen F.
Published: October 2022

Each day, more than $1.2 trillion worth of foreign exchange changes hands around the globe, an amount that far exceeds the daily value of world trade. Approximately 83 percent of these transactions involve U.S. dollars, but not all involve U.S. citizens.
Global ATM Banking: Casting the Net
Authors: Craig Ben R. , Hueter John D.
Published: October 2022

Twenty-five years of technological progress have transformed the way banking is done. Paychecks can be deposited, charitable contributions withdrawn, electronically. Customers can make cash withdrawals without ever seeing a human teller, at a machine their bank doesn’t own, perhaps even in a country where their bank has no office. These innovations have not only affected customer convenience, but have also changed the economic reference points for evaluating the efficiency of the electronic payments industry.