bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dark gray podzolized soils of the Chyzhykiv ridge: problems of degradation and protection
Authors: Haskevych Volodymyr , Lemeha Nadiya , Vishchur Anastasiya
Published: March 2020

The results of the research of degradation of dark gray podzolized soils (Luvis Greyzemic Phaeozems) of the Chyzhykiv ridge are presented. The causes and consequences of this dangerous natural and anthropogenic phenomenon are analyzed. It has been established that the intensive agricultural use of soils caused the activation of water erosion processes, the development of physical degradation processes, which lead to soil compaction, deterioration of their general physical properties, and loss of humus. Degradation processes lead to a decrease in soil fertility and unprofitability of agriculture, worsen the ecological state of the environment.
In the study of degradation processes and their consequences in dark gray podzolized soils, the following methods were used: comparative-geographical, comparative-profile, catena method, analytical, statistical. Soil field explorations were carried out after the growing season.
The most dangerous among the degradation processes are erosion degradation, which leads to a decrease in the capacity of the soil profile and deterioration of the soil agrophysical properties. The results of the studies demonstrated that the capacity of the profile of poorly eroded soils decreased on average by 14.5 cm compared to the standard, in medium-eroded – by 28.3 cm, in highly-eroded – by 50.8 cm. Soils underwent erosion from low to very high (crisis) degree.
Degradation processes of anthropogenic genesis caused a deterioration of the structural and aggregate state of the soils, which is manifested in a decrease in the content of agronomically valuable soil aggregates and the dominance of the sloping fraction. According to the research results, the content of agronomically valuable aggregates with a size of 10–0.25 mm in the arable soil layer is 18.65–33.86 %, which indicates a high and very high (crisis) level of degradation. Soils also undergo degradation due to re-compaction, which is manifested in an increase in the density of the structure and a decrease in the overall porosity of the soil.
Long anthropogenic pressure on soils and erosion degradation processes have led to a decrease in humus content. In particular, in poorly eroded soils the humus content is 2.03 %, in medium-eroded soils – 1.45 %, in highly eroded – 1.06 %, which is 16.9–64.6 % less than the standard.
Measures are proposed to minimize the degradation of the dark gray podzolized soils of the Chyzhykiv ridge, which consist in the application of anti-erosion measures and soil-protective methods of soil processing, conservation of heavily degraded lands. The introduction of basic and crisis monitoring of the state of soils in the research area is recommended.
Key words: the Chyzhykiv ridge, dark gray podzolized soils, erosion, degradation, soil protection.
Balneological resources of small resorts of Lviv region
Authors: Holovatyi Marian
Published: March 2020

Lviv region has significant deposits of balneological resources, in particular, mineral waters and peloid among other regions of Ukraine. These resources are a valuable element of the recreational potential and socio-economic development of the region. On this basis, several balneological resorts have been developed with appropriate sanatorium infrastructure and the sphere of wellness services.
The natural healing resources (mineral waters and peloids), which are widespread in Lviv region and used in small balneological resorts, are characterized. To small resorts we include resorts placed in towns Velykyi Lubin, Nemyriv, Shklo and in the village of Rozluch. They have some similarities in the functioning and take less than 5000 vacationers per year. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to investigate the current state of functioning of small balneological resorts of Lviv region. This will help us to evaluate their potential, make more effective utilizing available natural resources and prevent the emergence of environmental problems, which are typical in large and medium-sized resorts.
The main balneological resources at these resorts are mineral waters for external and internal use. In addition, Velykyi Lubin resort is the one resort, which has reserves of peloid in a great amount and utilize it for treatment. Results: Maximum exploitation of balneological resources on small resorts is lower than 20 % of reserves. A common feature that brings together all the small resorts are irrational use of balneological resources and the presence of some environmental problems associated with problems in resort infrastructure. Small resorts can become powerful health-improving and tourist centres as other resorts in Lviv region. They also can provide economic development for themselves and the territorial communities around them. It is necessary to establish a high level of resort infrastructure, which can satisfy a growing demand in balneotherapy for future purposes.
Key words: balneological resort, mineral waters, peloid, ecological problems, balneotherapy.
Natural and artificial surface water bodies owned and used by forestry enterprises of Lviv region
Authors: Kiptach Fedir , Blazhko Nataliya
Published: March 2020

The areas of land with natural and artificial surface water bodies owned and used by forestry enterprises of administrative and territorial units of Lviv region are analyzed. Their classification according to the rating values of the described indicators is made, and schematic charts are drawn. The interval for determining the number of classification groups was calculated geometrically as the amplitude between the maximum and minimum values of the areas is too large.
Forestry enterprises using water from natural and artificial surface water objects covering an area of 1,963.3 ha (including 1.5 % (642.1 ha) from natural streams (rivers and springs) and lakes and 3.1 % (1,321.2 ha) of artificial surface water bodies (canals, reservoirs and trenches, ponds and artificial water bodies) account for 12.9 % of the total area (42,781.6 ha) of lands of this category in the region.
The largest areas of land with natural and artificial surface water bodies owned and used by forestry enterprises are recorded in Sokal (315 ha), Zhovkva (262.8), Busk (235.1), Skole (196.6), Brody (162.9), Mykolaiv (153), Drohobych (125.1), Radekhiv (120), Turka (118.7), and Kamyanka-Buzka (92.8 ha) districts, medium and moderate ones – in Staryi Sambir (68.3 ha) and Yavoriv (27 ha) districts, and the smallest ones – in Stryi (18 ha), Horodok (15), Zolochiv (15), Pustomyty (13), Sambir (7), Zhydachiv (6), Peremyshliany (4), and Mostyska (2.7 ha) districts and in Lviv (5.3 ha).
The largest areas of land with natural surface water bodies owned and used by forestry enterprises are recorded in Skole (196.1 hа), Drohobych (124.6), Turka (118.7) and Staryi Sambir (65.8 hа) districts, considerable, medium and moderate ones – in Brody (29.8 hа), Zhovkva (25.5), Yavoriv (21), Zolochiv (13), Kamyanka-Buzka (11.7), Stryi (17) and Sambir (17 hа) districts, small, very small and too small – in Sokal (6.0 hа), Mostyska (2.7), Mykolaiv (2), Busk (1.9) and Zhydachiv (1 hа) districts and in Lviv (5.3 hа), in Horodok, Peremyshliany, Pustomyty and Radekhiv districts no such land has been recorded.
The largest and considerable areas of land with artificial surface water bodies owned and used by forestry enterprises are recorded in Sokal (309.0 hа), Zhovkva (237.3), Busk (233.2), Mykolaiv (151), Brody (133.1), Radekhiv (120) and Kamyanka-Buzka (81.1 hа) districts, medium and moderate ones – in Horodok (15 hа), Pustomyty (13), Stryi (8), Yavoriv (6) and Zhydachiv (5 hа) districts, small, very small and too small – in Peremyshliany (4 hа), Staryi Sambir (2.5), Zolochiv (2), Skole (0.5) and Drohobych (0.5 hа) districts, in Mostyska, Sambir and Turka districts no such land has been recorded.
Key words: surface water, streams, water reservoirs, forestry enterprises.
English-Ukrainian landslide terminology
Authors: Koltun Oksana
Published: March 2020

The interaction between scientific schools in different countries should begin with revision of terminology in the specified science branch and correlation of interpretation, meaning of terms, such as, in Ukrainian and in English. The causes of difficulties of English-Ukrainian landslide terminology are considered in the article, in particular, the different traditions of defining a landslide as a phenomenon, the different degrees of detailing if we talk about the morphological elements and mechanisms of their movement, and the different approaches to criteria of landslides and other hillslope processes classification in regulatory documents (in Ukraine there are ДБН DBN – The State Norms of Construction, and ДСТУ DSTU – The State [Technical] Standards of Ukraine), especially the restricted quantity of suggested terms among them. However, the authors should use the broader terminology to adequately reflection of the Ukrainian researches results in English. For this purpose, a short glossary about six dozen of English terms divided into five thematic blocks (material, movement, surfaces, parts of a landslide, and other structures and smaller forms) is compiled. Several neologisms have been proposed: боковина [bokovyna] – a flank (as a flank of landslide according to D. M. Cruden’s definition (1993): the undisplaced material next to the sides of the rupture surface), маргінальна межа [marhinalʹna mezha] – a toe (by D. M. Cruden’s definition (1993), the lower, usually curved margin of the displaced material of a landslide). It is also suggested using the word верхів’я [verkhivya] as a term, and it means the crown – the practically undisplaced material still in place and adjacent to the highest parts of the main scarp of the landslide. We did not find any English matching to some elements of the landslide, such as брівка головного уступу [brivka holovnoho ustupu] – the contact line between the crown surface and the main scarp surface; зсувні тераси [zsuvni terasy] – terrace-like upper surfaces of the slump blocks; підошва зсуву [pidoshva zsuvu] – the undisturbed or slightly disturbed areas adjacent to the toe of the landslide; ложе зсуву [lozhe zsuvu] – the surface of undisturbed soils and rocks (although there are different meanings of this term). Sometimes a right or left side of the rupture surface is included to the meaning of flank, but in Ukrainian tradition, the term борт зсуву [bort zsuvu] does not contain the undisplaced material adjacent to the sides of the rupture surface. In general, many questions remain, first, a correlation between the landslide classification in the Ukrainian and foreign traditions, so we invite you to continue the discussion about terminology and difference in the meaning or interpretation of terms.
Key words: landslides, terminology, Ukrainian, English.
Virgin forests as environmental, educational and scientific object of the Ukrainian Carpathians
Authors: Manko Andrii , Voitkiv Petro , Nakonechnyi Yurii
Published: March 2020

The virgin forests of the Ukrainian Carpathians are unique ecosystems in which preserved natural, protected, recreational, historical and cultural objects. That is why a comprehensive study of the forest ecosystems of the Ukrainian Carpathians is needed in order to preserve these unique treasures of our country.
The Ukrainian Carpathians are characterized in ecological, educational and scientific-cognitive aspects, as a significant number of objects and monuments of nature, history, architecture and culture are concentrated here. In the region under study, there is a well-developed network of nature reserve fund, the objects of which are basic for the organization of tourist activity.
The importance of virgin forests as an ecological-educational and scientific-cognitive object of the Ukrainian Carpathians is revealed. The purpose of the research was to study the forests of the Ukrainian Carpathians, as an object of ecological, educational and cognitive perception. The object of the research was the forest ecosystems within the conservation areas of the Ukrainian Carpathians. The subject of the study was the consideration of forest ecosystems as an ecological-educational and scientific-cognitive object. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set: to give a complete definition of the term “primaeval” forests and their varieties; to identify, establish distribution areas and forest areas in the Ukrainian Carpathians; to analyze their ecological-educational and scientific-cognitive functions.
It is revealed that the centres of distribution of forest ecosystems in the Ukrainian Carpathians are nature conservation areas, namely: Carpathian Biosphere Reserve, Carpathian National Park, Uzhansky, Synevyr Verkhovyna, Cheremosky, Hutsulshchyna, Vyzhnytsya, Zacharovanyi Krai. It is stated that ecological-educational and scientific-cognitive objects in the region are natural undisturbed by the anthropogenic activity of the place.
The best network of ecological-educational and scientific-educational trails is set up in the Carpathian Biosphere Reserve. The most popular are the eco-routes “To Goverla Mountain from Lazeshchyna”, “Kevelsky Forests to Petros”, “Beech Forests of Velyka Ugolka”, “To Sokolino Berdo”. It is revealed that the ecological-educational and scientific-cognitive potential of the forests of the Ukrainian Carpathians is special.
The primaeval forests are widespread in the Ukrainian Carpathians, and their area is about 50 thousand hectares, and much of it requires identification. Forests have a special status in Ukraine and are strictly protected in nature reserves and perform ecological-educational and scientific-cognitive functions, since within them preserved natural, intact, virgin objects and also represent the cultural heritage of the region.
Key words: Ukrainian Carpathians, virgin forests, quasi-virgin forests, ancient forests, ecological-educational and scientific-cognitive objects.
Cover
Authors: Contents Cover
Published: March 2020

Cover, editorial board, and Table of contents
Redescripción del género Cryphidium (Cryphaeaceae, Bryophyta), con notas sobre su taxonomía.
Authors: Flores Jorge R. , Suárez Guillermo M.
Published: March 2020

Redescripción del género Cryphidium (Cryphaeaceae, Bryophyta), con notas sobre su taxonomía. Cryphidium leucocoleum (Mitt.) A. Jaeger es un miembro de Cryphaeaceae, una familia de musgos predominantemente pleurocárpicos. El hallazgo de esta especie, con posición taxonómica muy discutida, en la Región Pampeana nos permitió llevar a cabo un estudio meticuloso acerca de su taxonomía y morfología. Como resultado, se presenta la primera descripción e ilustración completa de la especie. Adicionalmente, la identidad nomenclatural de otras especies es definida.
THE IMPACT OF TAX CUT ON FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT: A CASE STUDY IN SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES
Authors: Nasution Rusman Affandi
Published: March 2020

In this paper, we have examined the impact of tax cut on foreign direct investment (FDI) in Southeast Asian countries as a response to the debatable issue of the relationship between tax cut policy and FDI. We use corruption perception index and government effectiveness as the control variable, as well as other economic and demographic variables such as GDP growth, tax revenue, inflation, unemployment and population growth. Using Fixed Effect Model on panel data for a period of 1997-2016 adopted from World Bank, UNCTAD, and various websites, our findings suggest that in Southeast Asian countries, even though corporate tax cut policy gives a negative effect on FDI, this tax cut policy is not the main factor that induce investors. It is trade openness and GDP growth which become the reasons for investors to invest in this region. Moreover, the effect of government performance has played pivotal role in attracting FDI inflows.
Bricks or people? Investing more and better in Science, a dilemma for South American countries
Authors: Paruelo Jose m. , Sierra Miguel , Prieto Daniel
Published: March 2020

Productivity of the Science and Technology (S&T) sector of Latin American countries would require more public and private investment to increase. Despite significant progress in the first 15 years of this century, South American investment in Science as percentage of GDP has been 10-fold lower than that of Europe. Though the need to increase S&T investment is clear, less obvious is whether money should go to infrastructure or human capital. Using global databases we assessed scientific productivity, number of researchers and resources devoted to S&T. We evaluated production for Europe, the Americas and China. We then focused on three Mercosur countries: Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay. Scientific production was related to S&T expenditure and to the number of researchers. We found that countries investing ~2% of their GDP may have a 5-fold variation in their productivity. Our results suggest than human capital explains a higher proportion of the S&T productivity than the total amount of resources devoted to science. Thus, people would matter more than infrastructure in determining the scientific output. The positive trends in the resources devoted to Science in Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay do not allow, though, to reach in a decade the levels of productivity of European countries.
Facial discrimination: The irresistible influence of first impressions
Authors: Jaeger Bastian
Published: March 2020

This dissertation examines how first impressions influence decision-making, why people persistently rely on first impressions, and how the influence of first impressions can be reduced.
Time to stop the exploitation of free academic labour
Authors: Tennant Jonathan
Published: March 2020

Commercial publishing houses continue to make unbounded profits while exploiting the free labour of researchers through peer review. If publishers are to be compensated financially for the value that they add within a capitalist system, then all others who add value should be similarly, including reviewers. I propose that peer review should be included as a professional service by research institutes in their contracts with commercial publishers. This would help to recognise the value of peer review, and begin to shape it into a functional form of quality control.
A value proposition for Open Science
Authors: Tennant Jonathan
Published: March 2020

Open Science has become commonly understood in terms of its practices. Open Access, Open Data, and Open Source software are all becoming commonplace in academia. However, unlike the Free and Open Source Software movement, Open Science seems to have become largely divorced from its pluralistic philosophical and ethical foundations, which seem to have reignited from the humanities at the turn of the Millennium. To close this gap, I propose a new value-based proposition for Open Science, that is akin to the “four fundamental freedoms” of Richard Stallman that catalysed the Free Software movement. In doing so, I hope to provide a more common, unified, and human understanding to notions of openness in science.
STUDI DESKRIPTIF KUALITATIF: PERSEPSI REMAJA TERHADAP PERILAKU MENYIMPANG
Authors: Zulkhairi Zulkhairi , Arneliwati Arneliwati , Nurchayati Sofiana
Published: March 2020

Remaja merupakan sosok yang dikenal dengan rasa ingin tahu yang besar dan dalam proses mencari identitas diri sehingga sangat berisiko untuk terjerumus kedalam perilaku menyimpang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran persepsi remaja terhadap perilaku menyimpang. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriprif kualitatif. Partisipan yang didapatkan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 4 orang (2 orang siswa dan 2 orang siswi) dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMA Tri Bhakti Pekanbaru dengan menggunakan pedoman wawancara. Analisa yang dilakukan adalah analisa interaktif. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan gambaran dari persepsi remaja dan pengetahuan remaja terhadap perilaku menyimpang berdasarkan pertanyaan yang peneliti sampaikan. Hasil penelitian ini partisipan memberikan gambaran tentang fenomena perilaku menyimpang saat sekarang ini berdasarkan dari sudut pandang partisipan sebagai seorang remaja, perilaku menyimpang merupakan perilaku yang tidak baik dan sangat memprihatinkan, dapat merugikan diri sendiri dan orang lain, atau bersifat negatif. Partisipan juga memiliki pengetahuan yang baik terhadap perilaku menyimpang. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat digunakan bagi tenaga kesehatan dan tenaga pendidikan sebagai edukator dan konselor dalam memberikan edukasi pada remaja serta masyarakat untuk membantu remaja dalam mengatasi perilaku menyimpang di lingkungan sosial.
REBUSAN RAMBUT JAGUNG (ZEA MAYS L) EFEKTIF MENURUNKAN TEKANAN DARAH PENDERITA HIPERTENSI DI PUSKESMAS HARAPAN RAYA PEKANBARU
Authors: Febtrina Rizka , Br. Simamora Nurvaida
Published: March 2020

Hipertensi merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian tertinggi pada masyarakat di dunia. Penyakit ini disebut juga silent killer. Prevalensi hipertensi  telah mencapai angka 31,7% dari semua penduduk. Salah satu penatalaksanaan hipertensi dapat dilakukan secara non farmakologis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas rebusan rambut jagung terhadap penurunan tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama satu minggu dengan pemberian air rebusan rambut jagung dua kali dalam sehari yaitu pagi dan malam. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan penelitian Quasi-Eksperimen menggunakan desain pretest-posttest with control group terhadap 38 responden (19 intervensi dan 19 kontrol) yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Hasil uji paired sample t-test pada kelompok intervensi didapatkan  p value  0.000 (sistolik) dan 0,000 (diastolik) (p value < 0,05) yang artinya  H0 ditolak  artinya rebusan rambut jagung efektif menurunkan tekanan darah dan hasil uji paired sample t-test pada kelompok kontrol dengan nilai p value 0,002 (sistolik) dan 0,001 (diastolik) (p value < 0,05) sehingga H0 ditolak artinya pada kelompok kontrol juga terjadi penurunan tekanan darah. Sedangkan uji independent sample t-test menunjukan p value 0,001 (sistolik) dan 0,000 (diastolik) (p value < 0,05) sehingga H0 ditolak. Artinya ada perbedaan tekanan darah yang bermakna antara kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol. Sehingga disimpulkan bahwa rebusan rambut jagung lebih efektif menurunkan tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan agar penelitian selanjutnya dapat mengapilkasikan rebusan rambut jagung terhadap penurunan gula darah.
GAMBARAN ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN DIMENSI SPIRITUAL DI RUANGAN KARDIOVASKULER RSUD ARIFIN ACHMAD
Authors: Safri Safri , Nurchayati Sofiana , Rahmalia Siti
Published: March 2020

Kebutuhan spiritual adalah suatu kebutuhan yang bersifat universal dan merupakan bagian dari kebutuhan dasar manusia yang harus dipenuhi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran asuhan keperawatan dimensi spiritual pada pasien gangguan kardiovaskuler. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif sederhana untuk mengetahui gambaran asuhan keperawatan dimensi spiritual di ruang kardiovaskuler RSUD Arifin Achmad. Sampel dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan teknik total sampling dengan jumlah 16 responden yaitu perawat di ruang CVCU RSUD Arifin Achmad yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian ini diketahui 81,3 % selalu meminta pasien untuk berdoa demi kesembuhannya, 87,5 % selalu mengucapkan salam sebelum masuk ke ruang perawatan, 68,8 % selalu berbagi perasaan dengan pasien di ruang perawatan, 31,3 % selalu mengorientasikan fasilitas ibadah yang tersedia di Rumah Sakit, 68,8 % selalu menyusun bersama pasien tentang rencana ritual ibadah yang akan dilaksanakan selama pasien dirawat, 68,8 % selalu melakukan pengkajian dimensi spiritual pasien, 68,8 % selalu mengangkat diagnosa keperawatan dimensi spiritual pasien, namun tidak dilakukan pencatatan yang benar pada rekam medis pasien. Perawat yang bekerja di unit kardiovaskular sebenarnya telah memberikan asuhan keperawatan dimensi spiritual yang sebaiknya dicatat dalam Rekam Medis. Diharapkan perawat dapat meningkatkan kompetensi intervensi keperawatan spiritual.
Development of Advanced Veterinary Nursing Degrees: Rising Interest Levels for Careers as Advanced Practice Registered Veterinary Nurses
Authors: Fults Mandy K. , Yagi Kenichiro , Kramer Joanne , Maras Melissa
Published: March 2020

Strategic planning for the future of veterinary medicine is crucial. The advancement of veterinary nursing is of growing interest and demand. With veterinarians working fewer hours, rising debt to income ratios for veterinary students, underserved rural areas, and career dissatisfaction for veterinary technicians; providing options for the advancement of veterinary nursing will be instrumental in paving the path for the future of veterinary medicine. A graduate veterinary nursing program could provide a platform for the development of an Advanced Practice Registered Veterinary Nurse (APRVN). The APRVN, much like a nurse practitioner and physician assistant, could provide the level of care and responsibility needed to streamline patient assessment and point of care services while maintaining quality patient care and client satisfaction. Utilization of physician extenders offsets physician workload, increases clinical practice growth, and helps to maintain patient retention through allotting more time for education and consultation. Utilization of veterinary nurses in a similar manner may provide similar benefits. To evaluate the interest level for the development of a veterinary nurse graduate program, a survey was distributed to learn more about the kinds of opportunities current and future veterinary nursing professionals in the field are interested in pursuing to support their own career growth. With a total of 703 respondents, the survey indicated 80.06% were in favor of the development of the APRVN through a veterinary nurse graduate program.
In Search of Honourable Crowns and Legitimate Constitutions:Mikisew Cree First Nation v Canadaand the Colonial Constitution
Authors: Nichols Joshua , Hamilton Robert
Published: March 2020

This article examines the recent Supreme Court of Canada decision in Mikisew Cree First Nation v Canada (Governor General in Council). There, the Court substantively engaged the question of whether the Crown’s duty to consult and accommodate Indigenous peoples about issues affecting their rights extends to the preparation of legislation. While the Court was unanimous in rejecting the claim, its unanimous opinion was confined to a procedural question. The substantive question concerning the duty to consult resulted in four distinct, and largely irreconcilable, judgments. As a result, uncertainty continues to characterize the law in this area. This uncertainty is the result of an Aboriginal rights jurisprudence that has been developed by the courts on the basis of a set of unexamined constitutional presumptions concerning the place of Indigenous peoples in the constitutional order. The resulting doctrine is unable to effectively mediate constitutional disputes between the Crown and Indigenous peoples. This article examines the Mikisew Cree decision in light of this conclusion, arguing that the decision represents a logical outcome of a doctrine that has been concerned with answering the wrong set of questions. Part II maps the four decisions to provide an overview of the lines of reasoning. Part III outlines the positive aspects of each of the lines of reasoning; it is our view that each has something positive and worthwhile to contribute to the analysis. Despite this, the judgments each have significant problems. Part IV addresses these problems and outlines the nature of the incompatibility between the judgments. Part V argues that the confused state of the decision flows from a fundamental contradiction between a vision of section 35 as often articulated by Indigenous peoples – that is, as jurisdictional in nature – and the more limited conception put forward by the courts. Finally, Part VI articulates how revisiting the Charter-like framework the Supreme Court of Canada has developed for section 35 provides a workable path toward a constitutional order that is both honourable and clearly structured.
Doktryna „Sofii” od starożytności do chrześcijaństwa
Authors: Kharkovshchenko Yevhen
Published: March 2020

Doktryna „Sofii” rozwinęła się w europejskiej twórczości filozoficznej i religijnej. Doktryna ta rozwinęła się w okresie przedchrześcijańskim (Sokrates, Parmenides, Platon). Była reprezentowana w gnostycyzmie (Valentinus) i neoplatonizmie (Plotinus), w pismach Ojców Kościoła (Atanazy Wielki, Grzegorz z Nyssy, Macarius Wielki, Grzegorz Teolog), u myślicieli prawosławnych (Hilarion, Klim Smoliatich). Doktryna „Sofii” jako Mądrości Bożej jest zawarta także w Biblii, zwłaszcza Księdze Przysłów, a także w Mądrości Salomona i Mądrości Syracha. „Sofia” jest opisana ponadto w Kabale jako tajemnicza mądrość. „Sofia” znalazła również swoje odzwierciedlenie w architekturze świątynnej i ikonografii Wschodu prawosławnego, gdzie jest wykorzystywana do ukazania znaczenia mądrości w życiu duchowym i moralnym człowieka. Doktryna „Sofii” została ponadto wyłożona systematycznie w średniowiecznym i nowożytnym mistycyzmie (M. Eckhart, J. Böhme, E. Swedenborg), dla której to wykładni ukuto określenie sofiologia, oraz w tzw. filozofii jednostronności (V. Sołowjow, S. Bułhakow, P. Florensky). We wszystkich poszczególnych okresach rozwoju refleksji nad „Sofią” zawsze pojawiają się takie zagadnienia, jak: kwestia integralności rzeczywistości, relacja między naturą a Absolutem czy więzi między człowiekiem a Stwórcą.
Phenomenon of Videogame Culture in Modern Society
Authors: Horban Olexander , Martych Ruslana , Maletska Maria
Published: March 2020

In given article the philosophical reflection of the game as a special type of social reality with its specific subject-object and subject-subject relations is conducted. In the epoch of digital reality, videogames become the dominant type of games, which has been phenomenalized into a special type of culture. The phenomenon of videogame culture lies in the fact that videogames form a special space and community, specific rules and ethics, create their own unique material and virtual artifacts. Videogame culture has a significant impact on the socialization, worldview and value orientations of the individual.
Postmaidan Ukraine: Middle Class in the Shadow of Reforms
Authors: Aleksandrova Olena , Dodonov Roman , Vinnikova Nataliia
Published: March 2020

The article is devoted to the research of dynamics of the social structure of Ukrainian society in the period after the Revolution of Dignity in 2013-2014. The authors try to identify the leading tendencies of the middle class transformation, the basis for stability and guarantees of the irreversibility of democratic transformations in postmaidan Ukraine. The large-scale program of social transformation, proclaimed by the Ukrainian government (62 reforms), could not be implemented due to lack of essential resources, Russia's aggression in Donbas and an acute crisis of public trust to the government. The national middle class responded with quantitative reductions and qualitative changes in its composition. The factors influencing this process have been analyzed, in particular: the extraordinary concentration of large financial capital, genetically related to power; maintaining essential state regulation in the economy; increase of the share of social expenditures of the state in support for the lower stratum; increased migration activity of Ukrainians after obtaining a visa-free regime with the EU; social mobility in the labor market, precarization; reduction of working age rural population; influence of the informal (shadow) economy; decentralization of power; socio-political factors. It can be concluded that the middle class in postmaidan Ukraine has already realized its "social self," but cannot realize its activity-structural potential yet.
“The Passions of the Soul” by R. Descartes as an Explication of the Anthropological and Ethical Project
Authors: Malivskyi Anatolii , Khmil Volodymyr
Published: March 2020

The authors set and solve the task of explication of the anthropological and ethical motive of philosophizing hidden in the Cartesian legacy. At the heart of their approach is the vision of the Modern Age, first of all, as a request for the development of anthropology, the implementation of which in the texts of the thinker is traditionally perceived fragmentarily and superficially. In the course of addressing his writings and the text of “The Passions of the Soul”, the authors defend the thesis of the possibility of their reception and as a manifestation of interest in the integral nature of man. Based upon the earlier texts, the content features of the anthropological position of Descartes in “The Passions of the Soul” are outlined. They include the emphasis on the significance of metaphysics, the focus on freedom of will, the interest in the volitional component of human nature, and the vision of passions as a form of expression of a substantive union of mind and body.
ТАКСОНОМІЧНА СТРУКТУРА ЗБУДНИКІВ ПАНКРЕАТИЧНОЇ ІНФЕКЦІЇ У ПАЦІЄНТІВ НА ГОСТРИЙ НЕКРОТИЧНИЙ ПАНКРЕАТИТ
Authors: Markulin Georgiy-Julian , Yurkin Denys , Shchigel Ivanna , Levchenko Liudmyla , Gorlach Andriy
Published: March 2020

У статті висвітлено зміну рівня антимікробної резистентностіінфекційних агентів при гострому інфікованому некротичному панкреатиті упацієнтів в динаміці захворювання та проведеного лікування, класифікованоотримані дані згідно з чутливістю мікроорганізмів. Основною метою проведеногопроспективного когортного дослідження є визначення таксономічної структуризбудників панкреатичної інфекції у пацієнтів на гострий некротичний панкреатиту динаміці. Актуальність дослідження даної патології полягає у значущостіфеномену підвищення рівня антибіотикорезистентності впродовж тривалоїантибіотикотерапії, що показана пацієнтам з панкреатичною інфекцією.Методика проведення дослідження полягала в трьохетапному біктеріологічномумоніторингу та наступній якісній та кількісній оцінці мікробних агентів тахарактеристикою антибіотикорезистентності згідно з стратифікованоюкласифікацією European Centre for Disease Control (Magiorakos et al., 2012): у 123мікробних ізолятах, які були ідентифіковані під час дослідження, за результатамиантибіотикограм оцінено таксономічну структуру збудників панкреатичноїінфекції. Тривалість дослідження становила весь термін діагностованогоінфекційного процесу і в середньому склала 33,4 доби. Об’єктом дослідження обраномікробні ізоляти, які було виділено у вищеназвані терміни з біологічного матеріалупацієнтів: аспірату парапанкреатичних рідинних скупчень на початковому етапі,видалених панкреатичних секвестрів на другому етапі та виділення з дренажівсальникової сумки та заочеревинної клітковини на третьому етапі. Дослідженняемпірично підтверджує та теоретично доводить, що якісна складова мікробнихзбудників гострого інфікованого некротичного панкреатиту характеризуєтьсячасозалежністю: рівень класифікованої резистентності вище на третьому етапідослідження порівняно з отриманими характеристиками мікроорганізмів напершому та, відповідно, другому етапах дослідження, послідовна бактеріологічнахарактеристика вказує на перехід з моно- до міксінфекції. (р< 0,001) з включеннямвже на другому етапі всіх членів ‘ESKAPE’-групи та переважанням грамнегативноїфлори на кожному з етапів. Грибкова складова отриманих мікроорганізмів,починаючи з другого етапу дослідження представлена єдиним збудником тавиключно в групі з бактеріями. Результати проведеного дослідження можуть бути корисними при прогнозі успішності антибіотикотерапії на різних етапахпротікання даного захворювання та очікуваної бактеріологічної характеристикипри послідовних бактеріологічних посівах біологічного матеріалу пацієнтіввпродовж перебігу гострого інфікованого некротичного панкреатиту.
INDICATORS OF STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL CHANGES IN THE MYOCARDIUM AS PREDICTORS OF THE ATRIAL FIBRILLATION IN PATIENTS WITH HEART FAILURE AND PRESERVED EJECTION FRACTION
Authors: Cherniaieva Kateryna , Rudenko Yuliia , Mostbauer Galyna , Bezrodniy Andrii , Shevchuk Mykhailo , Sablin Andrii , Moskalenko Yuliia , Kovtun Evgen
Published: March 2020

A large number of recent trials suggested that atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) should be considered as two epidemic cardiovascular pathologies that are closely interrelated, each contributing to the development of the other. The purpose of our work was to analyze the peculiarities of the structural and functional parameters of the heart and blood vessels in patients with HFpEF, as well as to determine the most informative predictors of AF and their predictive value. A study of the literature indicates that AF has a close relationship with both HFpEF and the diagnostic criteria used to determine it. The relevance of the study of this pathology is that AF has a significant impact on the course and prognosis of HFpEF. The study was conducted on a case-control design. This work is based on the results of ex- amination of 115 hemodynamically stable patients with arterial hypertension (AH), clinical symptoms and signs of heart failure (HF), with left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) ≥ 50% and signs of diastolic dysfunction (DD) according to echocardiography data. Patients’ age ranged from 40 to 85 years (mean age 66.3 ± 10.8 years). For the first time, criteria for LV DD were analyzed as possible predictors of atrial fibrillation in patients with HFpEF and thresholds for some of them were determined. The study empirically confirms and theo- retically argues that the presence of atrial fibrillation in patients with HFpEF, in contrast to those with sinus rhythm, is associated with a more severe functional class of HF estimated by NYHA classification; higher by 28.1% NTprоBNP level; increased left ventricular filling pres- sure with LAVI thresholds > 40 ml/m2 and E/e ‘> 14.75; with impaired endothelium-depen- dent vasodilation and an initial decrease in glomerular filtration rate. The results of the study may be useful for the screening and detection of AF in patients with established HFpEF, by monitoring of ECG, in case of detection of threshold values of diastolic LV dysfunction.
EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF MUSCULAR-JOINT DYSFUNCTION OF THE TMJ WITH THE HELP OF A COMPUTER ADDITIONAL PROGRAM
Authors: Kostiuk Tatуana , Kaniura Oleksandr
Published: March 2020

A topical issue of modern dentistry is the timely diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal syndrome of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). A large number of publications in domestic and foreign literature is devoted to the study of this problem, but there is no single approach to diagnosis and a clear method of examination of the patient to establish a diagnosis. The purpose of our study was to implement a comprehensive methodology for early diagnosis of dysfunction by applying an analysis of a computer expert application we created. Based on the conducted research, in order to synchronize the data, simplify the work and deepen the analysis of diagnostics, an expert computer system for the diagnosis of dysfunction of the TMJ «PR» was developed. The program is applied and has 486 qualitative and quantitative components of the analysis criteria in its analytical base. The necessary parameters of the analysis include: frequency and intensity of headache, unilateral tinnitus, feeling of fatigue of chewing muscles during chewing solid food, degree of mouth opening, nature of movement of the mandible when opening the mouth, results of physical examination methods, the presence of clicks in the TMJ with taking into account the phase of mouth opening etc. s well as quantitative parameters of these additional methods of investigation of infrared thermography of the chewing muscles and area of the TMJ, EMG of chewing and mimic muscles, axiography, MRI, CT, ultrasound, digital analysis of occlusal ratios. The expert system program developed took into account all the maximum possible values of each parameter. The diagnosis was based on a combination of parameter values. The use of the multi-link expert computer system «PR» made it possible to take into account all the parameters of the patient examination and to obtain the most reliable diagnosis, which is necessary both at the initial stage of the patient’s treatment, and for correlation and correction of medical measures in such patients.
Effective disinfection
Authors: Yavnikov N. V.
Published: March 2020

Relevance. The compliance with zoohygienic norms and rules is a prerequisite for the biological safety of a livestock enterprise. Biosafety requirements have been tightened especially in connection with pandemics of ASF, avian influenza and other infections. Disinfection is one of the most important measures to maintain epizootological well-being, and the quality of disinfection directly depends on the effectiveness of the disinfectant used.

Methods. The methods of mathematical analysis were applied.

Results. The effectiveness of the use of disinfectant solutions based on the Chistobel complex disinfectant was confirmed. The disinfectant is effective for all types of disinfecting treatments at all objects of veterinary supervision.
The development of fallow lands requires a systematic approach
Authors: Bochkarev D. V. , Devyatkina T. V. , Emelyanov S. V. , Tyukina E. V. , Bochkarev V. D.
Published: March 2020

Methods. The study of a set of measures for the involvement of fallow lands in active agricultural circulation was carried out in the south of the foreststeppe of the Non-chernozem zone in the Republic of Mordovia. The object of study was arable land that has not been cultivated for more than 14 years. In the experiment various forecrop of winter wheat, the methods of the main tillage separately and in combination with the herbicide roundup were studied. Evaluation of the effectiveness of measures was carried out on the output of grain units in a crop rotation.

Results. The use of roundup in the development of the deposit contributed to a decrease in the abundance of perennial weeds in winter wheat crops from 40 to 60%, depending on the forecrop. The greater effect of the herbicide was noted on the options with soil cultivation by disk harrow. The reduction in weediness was here from 45 to 68%. The cultivation of the soil with a disk harrow together with the herbicide contributed to the better cutting and mixing of the plant residues of the sod and grinding of the rhizomes of the Elytrigia repens. The determination of the productivity of winter wheat in the crop rotation link revealed that the introduction of a continuous action herbicide roundup increased the collection of grain units for all forecrop. The maximum increase was during processing with a disc harrow for occupied fallow and barley — 0.95 and 1.44 t of grain units/ha, respectively. The profitability level for these options was also maximum and amounted to 41–42%, the conditional net income — 7842 and 8268 rubles/ha, respectively.
Park & Ride – Exploring the Demand Effects of Parking Charges
Authors: Lunke Erik Bjørnson
Published: March 2020

Parking charges can be introduced to control who uses park & ride (P&R) facilities. However, the effect of charges on parking demand is unclear. This paper presents results from a before- and after analysis of fifteen rail based P&Rs in Norway where parking charges were either introduced or increased in 2018. Results show that, in most cases, the demand for parking decreased after the change in pricing, making more parking spaces available for people arriving later than the early morning. However, there is no significant change in the median distance travelled by car to reach the P&Rs.
Efisiensi Produksi Usahatani Padi Sawah Kelompok Subak dan Non Subak di Kabupaten Kolaka
Authors: Kasmin Muhammad Obi , Darsana Nyoman
Published: March 2020

Pemanfaatan kearifan lokal dalam pengelolaan usahatani merupakan salah satu solusi dalam upaya untuk meningkatkan efisiensi usahatani. Salah satu bentuk kearifan lokal dalam pengelolaan usahatani padi sawah adalah subak, yang sampai saat ini masih dipertahankan oleh sebagian masyarakat yang berasal dari Pulau Bali di daerah perantauan. Masyarakat yang menerapkan sistem subak tersebut meyakini bahwa pengelolaan usahataninya lebih efisien dengan menerapkan sistem subak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pendapatan kelompok subak dan non subak dan keterkaitan antara sosio-kultural subak dengan pendapatan usahatani padi sawah. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode observasi, wawancara, dan studi literatur terhadap sampel/responden penelitian. Responden penelitian berjumlah 60, ditentukan secara purposive dan random. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif statistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendapatan petani kelompok subak lebih besar dibandingkan petani non subak dengan rata-rata pendapatan sebesar Rp 12.672.686,67 untuk kelompok subak dan Rp 10.198.529,41 untuk kelompok non subak. Tidak ada hubungan yang terpola antara sosio-kultural dengan jumlah pendapatan oleh masing-masing petani responden baik subak maupun non subak, akan tetapi ada kecenderungan jika nilai skor sosio-kultural tinggi maka pendapatan yang diperoleh petani juga tinggi.
Aplikasi Herbisida Ramah Lingkungan di Desa Kiusili Kecamatan Bikomi Selatan Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara
Authors: Gelyaman Gebhardus Djugian , Naisumu Yolanda Getrudis , Rusae Aloysius
Published: March 2020

Telah dilakukan pengabdian pada masyarakat di kelompok tani Nek’amnaut Desa Kiusili kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara. Pengabdian berupa penggunaan herbisida ramah lingkungan yang terbuat dari garam, cuka, air dan sabun cair. Metode pengabdian berupa sosialisasi dan demo pembuatan serta penyermprotan larutan tersebut pada gulma. Pengisian quisioner pra pengabdian dan pasca pengabdian dilakukan guna mengetahui pengetahuan terkait herbisida pada umumnya dan kemampuan masyarakat membuat herbisida ramah lingkungan.

          Hasil menunjukkan bahwa larutan herbisida ramah lingkungan berhasil membunuh gulma. Pengetahuan masyarakat berubah dari kategori tidak tahu menjadi berpengetahuan baik, ditandai peningkatan skor pengetahuan (SP) dari 24 menjadi 76. Presentase jumlah warga yang mengalami perubahan kategori ini adalah 0 menjadi 83%. Kemampuan masyarakat berubah dari tidak mampu membuat menjadi sangat mampu membuat herbisida tersebut, ditandai skor kemampuan (SK) meningkat dari 0 menjadi 83. Presentase jumlah masyarakat yang mengalami perubahan kategori kemampuan adalah dari 0 menjadi 89%. Penurunan intensitas penggunaan herbisida sintetik terjadi dalam tiga tahun terakhir. Sebanyak 5 liter larutan herbisida ramah lingkungan mampu membunuh gulma seluas 48 m2.
IMPLEMENTASIPAKANSAPIPOTONGBENTUKPELLET BERBASIS LIMBAH PERKEBUNANSAWIT PADAKELOMPOKTANI SUMBER MAKMURKECAMATANARUT SELATANKABUPATEN KOTAWARINGINBARAT
Authors: Mudhita Ida Ketut , Saprudin Saprudin
Published: March 2020

Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pelatihan dan pendampingan kepada Kelompok  Tani  Subur  Makmur  di Desa Natai Raya Kecamatan   Arut Selatan Kabupaten  Kotawaringin  Barat  Provinsi  Kalimantan  Tengah terkait pemeliharaan sapi Bali dan pengolahan pakan ternak. Metode yang digunakan yaitupolaintegrasisapisawit. Teknik pengolahan pakan ternak menggunakan mikroba dekomposisi serat. Proses pengolahan produksi pakan ternak dengan memanfaatkan potensiperkebunan sawitdengan memfermentasipelepahsawitmenggunakanmikrobadekomposisi serat agar ikatan seratnya menjadi lunak dan mudah tercerna kemudian dicampur dengan hijauan legum penutup tanah dan bungkil sawit dijadikan pakan berbentuk  pellet dengan formula yang  tepat dan diolah menggunakan mesinpelleting. Produk telah di ujicoba pada induksapi dananaksapimilikanggota mitra pengabdian.Hasil akhir pengabdian mayarakat ini berupa ilmu pengetahuan dan meningkatkankemampuan mitra dalam mempraktekkan teknologi pelleting sehingga mampu memproduksi pakan ternak sapi berbentuk pellet yang efisien dan tahan lama.