bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Considerations regarding the optimisation of the spike in modern volleyball
Authors: Reitmayer Hans-Eric , Grădinaru Sorin
Published: September 2016

The aim of this paper is to analyse in detail the aspects regarding increased efficiency of the spike in the game of volleyball, given the requirements of a flawless technique that will maximize the potential of the players. Our intention was to verify whether the steps of approach are unfolding in a uniformly accelerated motion and are leading to a vertical leap in the desired parameters at the moment of take off. We also wanted to check if the range of upper body motion is a determinant in the efficiency of the spike consisting in a high striking point and a remakable hitting force.

Material and methods: The video footage was obtained from 6 players of “U” Timisoara's volleyball team and 6 international players. For the analysis and processing of the footage the program Kinovea was used and the following parameters were assessed: striking speed(m/s), range of motion (cm and °), flexion between arm and forearm, angle of arm with the vertical at contact, movement speed for the first, second and third approach steps.

Results: The international subjects had a 12 cm longer path of the hand in striking motion. Given the shorter segments of “U” Timisoara's players, they compensate by having a 2° larger range of motion, above the elite players. We recorded diferent angles of the spiking arm with the vertical for the 2 groups, namely a mean of 24.5° for the elite players and just 15° for the players of “U” Timisoara. These aspects lead to a striking speed 3m/s higher for the international spikers compared to “U” Timisoara sportsmen. Having measured a uniformly accelerated approach for the international subjects, “U” Timisoara's players don't respond to the same requirement with close values of the second and third step of approach.
Hormonal (Cortical-Gonadotropic Axis) and Physical Changes With Two Years Intense Exercise Training in Elite Young Soccer Players
Authors: Hammami Mohamed Ali , Ben Abderrahman Abderraouf , Hackney Anthony C. , Kebsi Wiem , Owen Adam L. , Nebigh Amar , Racil Ghazi , Tabka Zouhair , Zouhal Hassane
Published: September 2016

Hammami, MA, Ben Abderrahman, A, Hackney, AC, Kebsi, W, Owen, AL, Nebigh, A, Racil, G, Tabka, Z, and Zouhal, H. Hormonal (cortical-gonadotropic axis) and physical changes with two years intense exercise training in elite young soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 31(9): 2388–2397, 2017—The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 2 soccer-training seasons on physical fitness and hormone concentrations in elite youth soccer players. Twenty male elite soccer players (SP, age 14.5 ± 0.4 years) and 20 male control subjects (CS, age 14.3 ± 0.3 years) participated in the study. Anthropometric measurements, aerobic (Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 [YYIRT1]) and anaerobic soccer relevant performances (jump and sprint tests), blood testosterone (T), cortisol (C), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), and T/C ratio were assessed 5 times (from T0 to T4) during 2 competitive seasons. Significant differences from basal values (Δ) of T, SHBG, and C between SP and CS were observed (p < 0.01). Additionally, T and T/C ratio changes were positively correlated with physical performance (p ≤ 0.05). In conclusion, as expected, higher T concentration and greater power performance were observed in the soccer players group compared with controls. Our findings also show that the T concentrations and power performance outcomes co-vary positively over the 2 soccer seasons in soccer players.
Sleep and Serotonin Modulate Paracapsular Nitric Oxide Synthase Expressing Neurons of the Amygdala
Authors: Bocchio Marco , Fisher Simon P. , Unal Gunes , Ellender Tommas J. , Vyazovskiy Vladyslav V. , Capogna Marco
Published: September 2016

Unraveling the roles of distinct neuron types is a fundamental challenge to understanding brain function in health and disease. In the amygdala, a brain structure regulating emotional behavior, the diversity of GABAergic neurons has been only partially explored. We report a novel population of GABAergic amygdala neurons expressing high levels of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). These cells are predominantly localized along basolateral amygdala (BLA) boundaries. Performingex vivopatch-clamp recordings from nNOS+neurons in Nos1-CreER;Ai9 mice, we observed that nNOS+neurons located along the external capsule display distinctive electrophysiological properties, axonal and dendritic arborization, and connectivity. Examining their c-Fos expression, we found that paracapsular nNOS+neurons are activated during a period of undisturbed sleep following sleep deprivation, but not during sleep deprivation. Consistently, we found that dorsal raphe serotonin [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)] neurons, which are involved in sleep–wake regulation, innervate nNOS+neurons. Bath application of 5-HT hyperpolarizes nNOS+neurons via 5-HT1A receptors. This hyperpolarization produces a reduction in firing rate and, occasionally, a switch from tonic to burst firing mode, thereby contrasting with the classic depolarizing effect of 5-HT on BLA GABAergic cells reported so far. Thus, nNOS+cells are a distinct cell type of the amygdala that controls the activity of downstream neurons in both amygdaloid and extra-amygdaloid regions in a vigilance state-dependent fashion. Given the strong links among mood, sleep deprivation, and 5-HT, the recruitment of paracapsular nNOS+neurons following high sleep pressure may represent an important mechanism in emotional regulation.
The Fitness Effects of Spontaneous Mutations Nearly Unseen by Selection in a Bacterium with Multiple Chromosomes
Authors: Dillon Marcus M , Cooper Vaughn S
Published: September 2016

Mutation accumulation (MA) experiments employ the strategy of minimizing the population size of evolving lineages to greatly reduce effects of selection on newly arising mutations. Thus, most mutations fix within MA lines independently of their fitness effects. This approach, more recently combined with genome sequencing, has detailed the rates, spectra, and biases of different mutational processes. However, a quantitative understanding of the fitness effects of mutations virtually unseen by selection has remained an untapped opportunity. Here, we analyzed the fitness of 43 sequenced MA lines of the multi-chromosome bacterium Burkholderia cenocepacia that had each undergone 5554 generations of MA and accumulated an average of 6.73 spontaneous mutations. Most lineages exhibited either neutral or deleterious fitness in three different environments in comparison with their common ancestor. The only mutational class that was significantly overrepresented in lineages with reduced fitness was the loss of the plasmid, though nonsense mutations, missense mutations, and coding insertion-deletions were also overrepresented in MA lineages whose fitness had significantly declined. Although the overall distribution of fitness effects was similar between the three environments, the magnitude and even the sign of the fitness of a number of lineages changed with the environment, demonstrating that the fitness of some genotypes was environmentally dependent. These results present an unprecedented picture of the fitness effects of spontaneous mutations in a bacterium with multiple chromosomes and provide greater quantitative support for the theory that the vast majority of spontaneous mutations are neutral or deleterious.
Trs33-Containing TRAPP IV: A Novel Autophagy-Specific Ypt1 GEF
Authors: Lipatova Zhanna , Majumdar Uddalak , Segev Nava
Published: September 2016

Ypt/Rab GTPases, key regulators of intracellular trafficking pathways, are activated by guanine-nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs). Here, we identify a novel GEF complex, TRAPP IV, which regulates Ypt1-mediated autophagy. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Ypt1 GTPase is required for the initiation of secretion and autophagy, suggesting that it regulates these two distinct pathways. However, whether these pathways are coordinated by Ypt1 and by what mechanism is still unknown. TRAPP is a conserved modular complex that acts as a Ypt/Rab GEF. Two different TRAPP complexes, TRAPP I and the Trs85-containing TRAPP III, activate Ypt1 in the secretory and autophagic pathways, respectively. Importantly, whereas TRAPP I depletion copies Ypt1 deficiency in secretion, depletion of TRAPP III does not fully copy the autophagy phenotypes of autophagy-specific ypt1 mutations. If GEFs are required for Ypt/Rab function, this discrepancy implies the existence of an additional GEF that activates Ypt1 in autophagy. Trs33, a nonessential TRAPP subunit, was assigned to TRAPP I without functional evidence. We show that in the absence of Trs85, Trs33 is required for Ypt1-mediated autophagy and for the recruitment of core-TRAPP and Ypt1 to the preautophagosomal structure, which marks the onset of autophagy. In addition, Trs33 and Trs85 assemble into distinct TRAPP complexes, and we term the Trs33-containing autophagy-specific complex TRAPP IV. Because TRAPP I is required for Ypt1-mediated secretion, and either TRAPP III or TRAPP IV is required for Ypt1-mediated autophagy, we propose that pathway-specific GEFs activate Ypt1 in secretion and autophagy.
Case Report of Subcutaneous Nodules and Sterile Abscesses Due to Delayed Type Hypersensitivity to Aluminum-Containing Vaccines
Authors: Lauren Christine T. , Belsito Donald V. , Morel Kimberly D. , LaRussa Philip
Published: September 2016

Routine childhood immunizations have resulted in great reductions in vaccine-preventable infectious diseases. Vaccine-related adverse events, albeit rare, can be of significant consequence. Although anaphylaxis, or type I hypersensitivity, is recognized as a potential reaction after vaccination, delayed type hypersensitivity or type IV reactions are less so. We present a case of persistent subcutaneous nodules and sterile abscesses in the setting of delayed type hypersensitivity to aluminum, confirmed by patch testing and recurrence on re-exposure. We review sources of aluminum in common immunizations, principles for treatment, and strategies for management of future vaccinations for this patient.
Neurobehavioral Disorder Associated With Prenatal Alcohol Exposure
Authors: Hagan Joseph F. , Balachova Tatiana , Bertrand Jacquelyn , Chasnoff Ira , Dang Elizabeth , Fernandez-Baca Daniel , Kable Julie , Kosofsky Barry , Senturias Yasmin N. , Singh Natasha , Sloane Mark , Weitzman Carol , Zubler Jennifer ,   on behalf of Neurobehavioral Disorder Associated With Prenatal Alcohol Exposure Workgroup,   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: September 2016

Children and adolescents affected by prenatal exposure to alcohol who have brain damage that is manifested in functional impairments of neurocognition, self-regulation, and adaptive functioning may most appropriately be diagnosed with neurobehavioral disorder associated with prenatal exposure. This Special Article outlines clinical implications and guidelines for pediatric medical home clinicians to identify, diagnose, and refer children regarding neurobehavioral disorder associated with prenatal exposure. Emphasis is given to reported or observable behaviors that can be identified as part of care in pediatric medical homes, differential diagnosis, and potential comorbidities. In addition, brief guidance is provided on the management of affected children in the pediatric medical home. Finally, suggestions are given for obtaining prenatal history of in utero exposure to alcohol for the pediatric patient.
Mental Health and Antiretroviral Adherence Among Youth Living With HIV in Rwanda
Authors: Smith Fawzi Mary C. , Ng Lauren , Kanyanganzi Fredrick , Kirk Catherine , Bizimana Justin , Cyamatare Felix , Mushashi Christina , Kim Taehoon , Kayiteshonga Yvonne , Binagwaho Agnes , Betancourt Theresa S.
Published: September 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

In Rwanda, significant progress has been made in advancing access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) among youth. As availability of ART increases, adherence is critical for preventing poor clinical outcomes and transmission of HIV. The goals of the study are to (1) describe ART adherence and mental health problems among youth living with HIV aged 10 to 17; and (2) examine the association between these factors among this population in rural Rwanda.

METHODS:

A cross-sectional analysis was conducted that examined the association of mental health status and ART adherence among youth (n = 193). ART adherence, mental health status, and related variables were examined based on caregiver and youth report. Nonadherence was defined as ever missing or refusing a dose of ART within the past month. Multivariate modeling was performed to examine the association between mental health status and ART adherence.

RESULTS:

Approximately 37% of youth missed or refused ART in the past month. In addition, a high level of depressive symptoms (26%) and attempt to hurt or kill oneself (12%) was observed in this population of youth living with HIV in Rwanda. In multivariate analysis, nonadherence was significantly associated with some mental health outcomes, including conduct problems (odds ratio 2.90, 95% confidence interval 1.55–5.43) and depression (odds ratio 1.02, 95% confidence interval 1.01–1.04), according to caregiver report. A marginally significant association was observed for youth report of depressive symptoms.

CONCLUSIONS:

The findings suggest that mental health should be considered among the factors related to ART nonadherence in HIV services for youth, particularly for mental health outcomes, such as conduct problems and depression.
Observable indicators and behaviors for the identification of problem gamblers in venue environments
Authors: Delfabbro Paul , Thomas Anna , Armstrong Andrew
Published: September 2016

Background and aims

In many jurisdictions, where gambling services are provided, regulatory codes require gambling operators to apply a duty of care toward patrons. A common feature of these provisions is some expectation that venue staff identify and assist patrons who might be experiencing problems with their gambling. The effectiveness of such measures is, however, predicated on the assumption that there are reliable and observable indicators that might be used to allow problem gamblers to be distinguished from other gamblers.

Methods

In this study, we consolidate the findings from two large Australian studies (n = 505 and n = 680) of regular gamblers that were designed to identify reliable and useful indicators for identifying problem gambling in venues.

Results

It was found that problem gamblers are much more likely to report potentially visible emotional reactions, unusual social behaviors, and very intense or frenetic gambling behavior.

Discussion and conclusions

This study shows that there are a range of indicators that could potentially be used to identify people experiencing problems in venues, but that decisions are most likely to be accurate if based on an accumulation of a diverse range of indicators.
UNIFIED VERIFICATION METHOD OF ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY BETWEEN ROLLING STOCK AND TRAIN DETECTION SYSTEMS
Authors: Bialon A. , Adamski D. , Furman Ju.
Published: September 2016

Purpose. Axle counters are more and more often applied in train detection systems. The wheel sensor is a main part of each axle counter system. In parallel, more and more complex railway vehicles, especially traction ones, are a potential source of interferences influencing the operation of these train detection systems. It is the reason to verify the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) between the signalling equipment, particularly train detection systems and new vehicles in the process of obtaining the permission for their exploitation. The measurement of interfering magnetic fields generated by vehicles is one of tests to be carried out. Methodology. For the simplification and unification purpose of the applied interference test methods the EN 50238 standard and TS 50238-3 technical specification were developed. The specification defines unified testing procedures. However, it is necessary to verify if it may replace different testing methods used in particular European states. It is the goal of the European research project financed from the TEN-T network resources. Findings and originality. This project is part of the larger project of facilitation and speeding up the ERTMS system deployment. One of nine measurement campaigns planned in the frame of this project was conducted in Poland by Railway Research Institute.
INFLUENCE OF ROLLING STOCK VIBROACOUSTICAL PARAMETERS ON THE CHOICE OF RATIONAL VALUES OF LOCOMOTIVE RUNNING GEAR
Authors: Zelenko Yu. V. , Neduzha L. O. , Shvets A. O.
Published: September 2016

Purpose.The success of the traffic on the railways of Ukraine depends on the number and the operational fleet of electric locomotives. Today, the locomotive depot exploit physically and morally outdated locomotives that have low reliability. Modernization of electric locomotives is not economically justified. The aim of this study is to improve the safety of the traction rolling stock by the frequency analysis of dynamical systems, which allows conducting the calculation of the natural (of resonant) frequencies of the design and related forms of vibrations.Methodology.The study was conducted by methods of analytical mechanics and mathematical modeling of operating loads of freight locomotive when driving at different speeds on the straight and curved track sections. The theoretical value of the work is the technique of choice of constructive schemes and rational parameters of perspective electric locomotive taking into account the electric inertia ratios and stiffness coefficients of Lagrange second-order equations.Findings. The problems of theoretical research and the development of a mathematical model of the spatial electric vibrations are solved. The theoretical studies of the effect of inertia ratios and stiffness coefficients on the dynamic values and the parameter values of electric locomotive undercarriages are presented.Originality.The set of developed regulations and obtained results is a practical solution to selecting rational parameters of bogies of the freight mainline locomotive for railways of Ukraine. A concept of choice of constructive scheme and rational parameters of perspective locomotive is formulated. It is developed the method of calculation of spatial electric locomotive oscillations to determine its dynamic performance. The software complex for processing the data of experimental studies of dynamic parameters of electric locomotive and comparing the results of the theoretical calculations with the data of full-scale tests is implemented.Practicalvalue.The theoretical study allows objectively assessing the impact of the partial frequency of electric locomotive elements on both the rational parameters of its underframe, and the performance and physiological condition of the locomotive crew. Thus, the practical value of the whole complex of theoretical research was to develop an algorithm and program, choosing rational parameters and design scheme of electric locomotive running gear. Using a software package for the study of spatial fluctuations of electric locomotive made it possible to evaluate the dynamic performance of the electric locomotive underframe with sufficient accuracy for practical problems.
ANALYSIS OF ENERGY SAVING AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY ISSUES DURING OPERATION OF THE METRO ROLLING STOCK
Authors: Donchenko A. V. , Sulym A. O. , Siora A. S. , Melnyk A. A. , Fedorov V. V.
Published: September 2016

Purpose.Nowadays a problem of significant power consumption of the rolling stock during its operation is a current issue. In connection with staged electricity rates increase further development of the rail electric transport, including metro rolling stock is impossible without a use of modern energy saving solutions and energy-efficient systems. To solve the specified problem it is necessary to carry out analysis of measures and determine prospective directions in energy saving and increase of energy efficiency on the metro rolling stock. Methodology. Using methods of scientific analysis, generalization, comparative analysis, forecasting and using results of experimental studies, the authors determined main ways for reduction of energy consumption during operation of the metro rolling stock. Energy cost analysis for metro rolling stock of the public utility (PU) «Kiev Metro» was carried out. A great number of research works of native and foreign authors concerning the above mentioned problem were analyzed. Findings. Principal directions in energy saving and increase of energy efficiency of the metro rolling stock are implementation of recuperation systems, energy storage systems and energy-efficient control systems. It was determined that implementation of recuperation and energy storage systems helps to save a considerable amount of energy, consumed for traction, but it involves substantial investments. It is pointed out that in current complicated conditions of economic development of Ukraine, use of energy-efficient control systems is a perspective direction in energy saving. Main advantage of this direction is the economic effect obtaining without significant investments. Originality. For the first time was performed potential assessment for energy saving as a result of energy-efficient control systems use at type routine rolling stock operation modes on sections «Khreschatik –Teatralnaya – Khreschatik» and «Shulyavskaya –Beresteyskaya –Shulyavskyaya» of KP «Kiev Metro». Practical value. Results of the research concerning quantity of energy saved with the help of recuperation systems and energy saving control systems can be used during building of a new metro rolling stock or modernization of existing one.
TO THE ISSUE OF EXTENDING THE SERVICE LIFE OF CARS FOR TRANSPORTATION OF PELLETS
Authors: Anofriev V. H. , Reidemeister O. H. , Kalashnyk V. A. , Kulieshov V. P.
Published: September 2016

Purpose. Freight rolling stock of «Ukrzaliznytsia» primarily has cars that are overaged. The same situation is observed in the park of specialized cars. So the car fleet for the transport of pellets consists of about 50% of cars that served one-and-a-half and more lifetimes. However, the volume of shipments of iron ore is constant for a number of years. In this regard, there is a need to find methods to justify continuing useful life of cars and to assess the conformity of residual life of the car body structure to operating load for an extended period of use. Methodology. When selecting the cars for the test their condition underwent technical diagnosis in order to identify the level of corrosion and mechanical damage. The next stages of the tests included the experimental determination of the loading level and the stress state of car body carcass based on strength and endurance tests and the evaluation of the possible values of the extended period of operation. Findings. Pre-test diagnosing of cars showed that the technical condition of cars for transportation of pellets, as a whole, is in satisfactory condition. Carried out static and impact strength tests with subsequent evaluation of strength of the car structural elements showed that the strength of the latter is provided in accordance with regulations and such cars do not threaten the traffic safety. Shock endurance tests have shown that all the cars have passed endurance tests with no damage that would impede testing and could not be removed during scheduled repairs. The cars had lifelength that allows prolong their useful life after one-and-a-half lifetime. Originality. The work presents the estimate of the residual life of bodies of pellet transportation cars, which spent one-and-a-half of the set lifetime. Practical value. The experimental results confirm the possibility of extending the service life of cars after one-and-a-half life of their lifetime. The results of the work can be used to extend the service life of cars for transportation of pellets. Part of the rolling stock, which had to be written off in connection with the expiration of the set one-and-a-half lifetime without additional measures can continue its lifetime.
ONE-TO-ONE NONLINEAR TRANSFORMATION OF THE SPACE WITH IDENTITY PLANE
Authors: Malyi A. D. , Ulchenko T. V. , Shcherbak A. S. , Popudniak Yu. Ya. , Starosolskaya T. V.
Published: September 2016

Purpose. Study of geometric transformations. We will consider the so-called point transformations of space. Methodology. The most important are one-to-one transformations. They allow exploring and studying the properties of the transformed object using the properties of the original object (line, surface and figure) and the properties of the transformation. Cremona transformations occupy a special place in the set of one-to-one nonlinear transformations. Construction of one-parameter (stratifiable) transformations is carried out as one-parameter set of plane transformations, both linear and non-linear ones. The plane, in which the specific transformation is prescribed, moves in space by a certain law forming a one-parameter set of planes. The set of such plane transformations makes up the space transformation. Findings. The designed graphics algorithms and the established transformation equations allow building the visual images of transformed surfaces and conducting their research by analytical geometry methods. Originality. By completing elementary algebraic transformations of this equation, we obtain the cissoids equation. If the plane  is continuously moved parallel to itself, it results in occurrence of surface, whose carcass will be the set of cissoids and the set of front-projecting lines. Practical value. The considered set of stratifiable algebraic transformations gives an effective means for exploring new curves and surfaces obtained by transforming the known algebraic lines and surfaces. These graphic algorithms allow graphically depicting the transformed lines and surfaces. The considered procedure of drawing up analytical formulas of specific transformations allows us to study the transformed surfaces and lines using the methods of analytic geometry. The above transformations can be of arbitrary high order, which is especially important during the design of complex technical surfaces such as aircraft components, parts of water and gas turbines, supports of the structures subject to strong flow of liquid, etc. Space modelling issues, including the building of graphic plane models of space, are relevant both in theoretical terms and in terms of application of the non-linear surfaces investigated on their basis for constructing the technical forms of parts and aggregates of construction machine movable elements, the middle surfaces of shells, the surfaces of turbulent blade, etc.
Soil compaction by vibratory roller with variable frequency
Authors: Wersäll C. , Nordfelt I. , Larsson S.
Published: September 2016

Full-scale tests were conducted to study the influence of the operating frequency of a vibratory roller on the compaction of crushed gravel in a controlled environment. Tests were performed at both fixed and variable frequencies. The average densification of the soil was represented by settlement of the ground surface, and depth-dependent density variation before and after compaction was determined by horizontal nuclear density gauge measurements. The resonant frequency was approximately 17 Hz and frequencies in the range 15–35 Hz were tested. The optimum compaction frequency was determined to be around 18 Hz; that is, slightly above resonance, as compared with the standard operating frequency of the roller, 31 Hz. Lower compaction frequency significantly reduces the required engine power and thus fuel consumption and environmental impact, while increasing the lifespan of the roller. Furthermore, the soil closest to the ground surface is loosened at high frequency. This can be avoided with a lower compaction frequency and the need for subsequent static passes can thereby possibly be eliminated.
Chemical analysis for asset management of concrete infrastructure
Authors: Ingham Jeremy , McKibbins Leo , Barnes Richard
Published: September 2016

The effective management of reinforced-concrete assets through the asset life cycle requires that they are designed and specified to provide an appropriate level of durability for their intended service life and conditions, constructed to fulfil the requirements of the designer and subsequently maintained efficiently in a fully serviceable condition. A confident understanding of the properties, performance and current condition of the concrete materials used in construction is fundamental to each stage of this process. This understanding is, in no small part, reliant on the accuracy and reliability of the laboratory techniques available for analysing hardened concrete. In co-operation with 11 testing companies, The Concrete Society undertook a laboratory trial of BS 1881-124: Chemical analysis methods for hardened concrete. The trial findings were published in 2014 in the second edition of Concrete Society Technical Report 32, Analysis of Hardened Concrete: a Guide to Test Procedures and Interpretation of Results. The trial findings have cast significant doubt on the accuracy of test methods that are routinely used during condition investigations of concrete structures. This paper examines the implications for design, maintenance and asset management of the UK concrete infrastructure asset stock.
Walking and cycling on shared-use paths: the user perspective
Authors: Delaney Hannah , Parkhurst Graham , Melia Steve
Published: September 2016

Shared-use paths are those used by pedestrians and cyclists, either designed for them to mix freely within the space (unsegregated) or with the space allocated to each group by surface markings and signage (segregated). Mobility policy in a number of states is promoting greater use of shared-use paths, but there is only limited knowledge about the user experience, which can be expected to influence patronage. The paper examines experiences of user behaviour and user segregation, drawing on quantitative and qualitative research with pedestrians and cyclists on a heavily used, width-constrained path in Bristol, UK. It has been observed that pedestrians have a modest preference for segregation, while cyclists prefer non-segregation. Both groups exhibited varied, sometimes conflicting perceptions about how users should interact. It is concluded that it will not always be possible to optimise infrastructure design for all users and therefore recommended that the wider context of policy objectives and alternative routes for different user types be considered during design decisions. Whichever approach is taken to segregation, user communities will generally benefit from clear codes of conduct to promote a shared user culture. In the case of unsegregated paths, the separation of flows based on direction, rather than mode, of travel is recommended.
ACTIVIDADES ARTÍSTICAS COMO ESTRATEGIA PARA LA E-A DE MATEMÁTICAS EN PRIMARIA
Authors: Peña Campos Mario Alberto , Trejo Pérez Romina
Published: September 2016

Abstract:ART ACTIVITIES AS STRATEGY FOR THE TEACHING-LEARNING OF MATH IN ELEMENTARY EDUCATIONThe following research has the purpose to implicate artistic activities in the process of teachinglearning of math in children of fifth grade of elementary school, base on a constructivist paradigm. The methodology used was a multimodal focus with two stages; the reach is explicative to describe why does this phenomenon occurred and in what type of conditions it manifests. We selected as analysis categories: traditional pedagogical practice develop by teachers and the work with artistic activities in the city of Pachuca Mexico. The instruments employed for the recollection of data are diagnostic test, test after the application of the variable, interview, observation and notes. The application phase or the variable ended with highly positive results for the teaching-learning of math. In consequence with the students it produced a highly positive attitude in the learning of this discipline in a dynamic way. And in relation with the teachers it offers new tools of creative participation where the equity of protagonist exists.Key words: Teaching-Learning, Constructivism, Math, Artistic Activities, Multimodal Focus.Resumen:Este trabajo de investigación tiene como propósito implementar actividades artísticas en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje (e-a) de las matemáticas en niños de 5° año de primaria, basándose en el paradigma constructivista. La metodología utilizada es un enfoque multimodal con un diseño de dos etapas; el alcance es de tipo explicativo para describir porque ocurre dicho fenómeno y en qué condiciones se manifiesta. Se seleccionaron como categorías de análisis: la práctica pedagógica tradicional desarrollada por la maestra, y la implementación de actividades artísticas, en una escuela de la Ciudad de Pachuca, Hidalgo, México. Los instrumentos utilizados para la recolección de datos son el test diagnóstico, el test posterior a la aplicación de la variable (re test), entrevistas, observación y notas de campo. La fase de aplicación de la variable culminó con resultados altamente positivos para la enseñanza-aprendizaje de las matemáticas. En cuanto a los alumnos se produjo una actitud positiva hacia el aprendizaje de esta disciplina de una manera lúdica y dinámica. Y en relación con la maestra se brindaron nuevas herramientas de participación creativa en donde exista equidad de protagonismo.Palabras clave: Enseñanza-Aprendizaje (e-a), Constructivismo, Matemáticas, Actividades Artísticas, Enfoque Multimodal.
DISEÑO DE UN PROGRAMA DE MOTIVACIÓN DE LOGRO DESDE EL ÁMBITO DE LA EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR
Authors: López Moya Manuel , Morán Astorga Consuelo
Published: September 2016

Abstract:The aim of this work was to increase achievement motivation in university students through introducing some changes in our teaching procedure. These changes were proposed in the TARGET system, and they are like that: a) Enrichment of tasks, looking to be attractive for learning; b) to provide opportunities for students to take responsibility for their learning; c) implement assessment systems varied and continuous, and d) make work groups that stimulate collaboration. To assess achievement motivation was applied the Questionnaire Academic Achievement Goal (CM- LA) to 94 students in the start the course. At final the course was applied again to 91 of the 94 initial. The results showed a significantly increased to outcomes motivation, but the increase was not significant in achievement motivation. We can conclude that they are two types of goals in student, and the high is the achievement motivation. And that changing teaching methodology, something changes in students, although the achievement motivation is stronger to change, for what is need to investigate further in this direction.Key Words: achievement motivation, teaching methodology, student, EEESResumen:El objetivo de este trabajo de innovación docente fue aumentar la motivación de logro en los estudiantes universitarios a través de introducir algunos cambios en nuestra actividad educativa. Esos cambios en la metodología docente lo fueron en el sentido propuesto por el Sistema TARGET: a) Enriquecimiento de las tareas, buscando que fueran atractivas para el aprendizaje; b) dar oportunidades a los alumnos de responsabilizarse de su aprendizaje; c) implementar sistemas de evaluación variados y continuos; y d) estructurar grupos de trabajo que estimularan la colaboración. Para evaluar la motivación de logro se aplicó el Cuestionario de Metas de Logro Académico (CM-LA) a 94 estudiantes universitarios al comenzar el curso. Al finalizar el curso se aplicó otra vez a 91 sujetos de los 94 iniciales. Los resultados mostraron que se había incrementado significativamente la motivación de resultados, aunque el incremento en logro no fue significativo. Podemos concluir que en los universitarios se dan dos tipos de motivación y que la más elevada es la de logro. Que modificando la metodología docente, algo cambia en los estudiantes, aunque la motivación de logro es más resistente por lo que se ve necesario seguir investigando en este sentido.Palabras clave: motivación de logro, metodología docente, estudiantes universitarios, EEES.
FOMENTO DE LA CALIDAD EN LA COMPOSICIÓN ESCRITA
Authors: Canedo García Alejandro , García Sánchez Jesús Nicasio , Pacheco Sanz Deilis Ivonne
Published: September 2016

Abstract:PROMOTING QUALITY IN WRITTEN COMPOSITIONIn this study we focused our efforts on trying to establish different strategies, instructional techniques and procedures effective and efficient in responding to each and every one of the processes involved in writing. We analyzed fifty empirical studies, recently published, where such strategies were used, as well as a set of virtual tools which, using the same techniques and procedures, provide answers to the different profiles of development and performance in written composition. As a result we could get an idea of the prevalence of strategies based on either typing indicator, and know which of these are being further enhanced through the tools of Web 2.0. During this study we received competitive funds from de MICINN project (EDU2010-19250, 2010-2013) awarded to Principal Researcher (J. N. García).Keywords: Writing skill, orchestration, writing process, textual product, modulation variables, 2.0 web, virtual tools.Resumen:En este estudio de revisión centramos nuestros esfuerzos en intentar establecer diferentes estrategias, técnicas y procedimientos de instrucción eficaces y eficientes a la hora de responder a todos y cada uno de los procesos implicados en la escritura. Para ello analizamos cincuenta estudios empíricos, de reciente publicación en revistas indexadas con alto índice de impacto, donde se emplearon dichas estrategias, así como herramientas virtuales que haciendo uso de esas mismas técnicas y procedimientos dan respuesta a los distintos perfiles de desarrollo y rendimiento en composición escrita. Como resultado pudimos hacernos una idea de la prevalencia de estrategias en base a uno u otro indicador de escritura, y conocer cuáles de estos están siendo más potenciados a través de las herramientas de la web 2.0. Durante la realización de este trabajo se recibieron ayudas competitivas del proyecto del MICINN (EDU2010-19250) para el trienio 2010-2013 concedido al IP/Director J. N. García.Palabras Clave: Competencia comunicativa escrita, orquestación, proceso escritor, producto textual, variables moduladoras, web 2.0, herramientas virtuales.
UN CAMINO PARA FACILITAR LAS TRANSICIONES EDUCATIVAS
Authors: Fluza Asorey María José , Sierra Martínez Silvia
Published: September 2016

Abstract:A WAY TO FACILITATING EDUCATIONAL TRANSITIONSThis communication is based on the Research Project “Schools moving towards educational inclusion: working with the local community, students’ voices and educational support for promoting change”, developed in A Estrada (Pontevedra, Spain). The aim of this project is to promote inclusive educational processes, articulated on a gradual basis from the educational centres to the local community1. Development of the project is expected to progress in an inter-dependent manner, in three areas of action: intra-school, inter-schools and inter-services. In this work, we take a more indepth look at one of the studies initially conducted at inter-schools level. This is a participatory study on the Educational Transitions in A Estrada, carried out with the collaboration of teachers in Infants, Primary and Secondary Education besides students, families and the local community through different activities. Analysis is made of the information contributed by teachers at the nine educational centres regarding the different types of educational Transitions. Results are presented around three points of interest – concerns and fears expressed by the teaching staff in terms of the different educational transitions; actions to deal with these moments of change; and proposals for improvement put forward in order to facilitate such processes.Keywords: Inclusive education; Community-Oriented schools; Educational transition. Resumen:Esta comunicación está basada en el Proyecto de investigación “Escuelas que caminan hacia la inclusión educativa: trabajar con la comunidad local para promover el cambio” desarrollado en A Estrada (Pontevedra). El proyecto tiene como meta promover procesos educativos inclusivos, articulados de manera progresiva desde los centros educativos hasta la comunidad local.2En su desarrollo supone avanzar de forma interdependiente en tres ámbitos de intervención: intra-escuela, inter-centros e inter-servicios. En este trabajo, profundizamos en uno de los estudios realizado inicialmente en el nivel inter-centros. Se trata de un estudio participativo sobre las Transiciones educativas en A Estrada que contó con la colaboración de docentes de Educación Infantil, Primaria y Secundaria; alumnado; familias y comunidad local a través de diferentes actividades. Aquí se analiza la información aportada por los docentes de nueve centros sobre los diferentes tipos de Transiciones educativas. Los resultados se presentan en torno a tres focos de interés: preocupaciones y miedos manifestados por el profesorado ante las distintas transiciones educativas; actuaciones para afrontar esos momentos de cambio; y propuestas de mejora planteadas para facilitar dichos procesos.Palabras clave: Educación inclusiva; Escuelas con orientación comunitaria; Transiciones educativas.
A STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TEACHERS AND STUDENTS WITH SPECIAL NEEDS
Authors: Prino Laura Elvira , Pasta Tiziana , Maria Gastaidi Francesca Giovanna , Longobardi Claudio
Published: September 2016

Abstract:The impact of the teacher-student relationship on the child’s development proves to be particularly important in the first years of scholarization. Such impact is even higher in students with atypical development. Despite the clear relevance of the teacher-student relationship, researches have rarely encompassed subjects with special education requirements. The objective of this project, therefore, is to focus on the characteristics perceived by the teacher in the relationship with students with different educational needs. In particular, we describe the results achieved with different groups of children with special education needs, i.e. autism spectrum disorders (14) and Down’s syndrome (18), learning disorders (38) and attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorders (72). To measure the teacher’s perception of the quality of the relation with the pupil we have used the Italian version of the Student-Teacher Relationship Scale (STRS; Pianta, 2001) as developed by Fraire and colleagues (2013). The social bonds with children with difficulties differ for at least one relational aspect from those with children from the Control Group, the sole exception being children with Down’s syndrome. The Closeness dimension is hampered only in the case of the bonds with children affected by an autism spectrum disorder. On the contrary, relationships with children affected by frequent distraction and hyperactivism-related disorders are characterized by a higher level of Conflict and Dependency. Both dimensions increase in presence of high levels of pupil distraction, whereas only Conflict is at stake in presence of hyperactivity. As to children with learning disorders, only a difference in the Dependency dimension has been registered. These children, in fact, are seen by the teacher as being less autonomous than their classmates and thus requiring more frequent support and assistance.Keywords: student-teacher relationship, pupils with special needs, autism spectrum disorders, Down’s syndrome, learning disorders, attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorders
CICLO FORMATIVO SUPERIOR DE INTERPRETACIÓN DE LENGUA DE SIGNOS ESPAÑOLA: ANÁLISIS SOCIODEMOGRÁFICOS DE SUS EGRESADOS 1998-2012
Authors: Sánchez Casado Inmaculada , Benítez Merino José Miguel
Published: September 2016

Abstract:In this paper aims to study the figure of ILSE (Interpreter Spanish Sign Language) not only as a potential resource that promotes inclusion of students with hearing disabilities in the school setting (Sánchez Casado & Merino Benítez, 2009) but trying to reflect on their socio-labor situation today, after more than a decade of implementation in Spain as Higher Level Training Programme for Vocational Training, with a duration of 2000 hours, inside the professional family of “Socio-cultural Services and the Community”. This will make a brief historical foundation of her nature, an analysis of the competence profile and sociodemographic initial comparison of enrolled students from the first class nationally, 1998 to 2012, where the evolution of those 12 will be checked promotions analyzed as the total number of graduates of the training cycle and promotion, sex, level of previous studies and the age of completion of Higher Training Programme in order to assess their potential employability in today’s job market. These first results will make an initial proposal to improve the recruitment of new students who choose a superior and professional training on “Interpretation LSE“ according to the actual demand that occurred during these academic courses in Extremadura.Key Words : Professional Training. Sign Languages. Interpretation. Graduate Students. Extremadura.       Resumen:En esta comunicación se pretende estudiar la figura del ILSE (Intérprete de Lengua de Signos Española) no sólo como un potencial recurso que favorece la inclusión de los alumnos con discapacidad auditiva dentro del entorno escolar (Sánchez Casado & Benítez Merino, 2009) sino tratando de reflexionar sobre su situación socio-laboral a día de hoy, después de más de una década de implantación en España como Ciclo Formativo de Grado Superior de Formación Profesional, con una duración de 2000 horas, dentro de la familia profesional de “Servicios Socio-culturales y a la Comunidad”. Para ello realizaremos una breve fundamentación histórica de su naturaleza, un análisis del perfil competencial inicial y una comparación sociodemográfica de los estudiantes matriculados desde la primera promoción a nivel nacional, 1998, hasta 2012, donde se comprobará la evolución de esas 13 promociones analizadas en cuanto al nº de egresados totales del Ciclo Formativo, nº por promoción, sexo, nivel de estudios previos y edad de finalización de Ciclo Formativo Superior con el fin de valorar su posible empleabilidad en el actual mercado laboral. Estos primeros resultados permitirán realizar una primera propuesta para mejorar la captación de nuevos estudiantes que eligen una formación profesional superior y específica en “Interpretación LSE” de acuerdo a la demanda real que se ha producido durante estos cursos académicos en Extremadura.Palabras Clave: Formación Profesional. Lengua De Signos. Interpretación. Estudiantes Egresados. Extremadura.