bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exercício nórdico na prevenção de lesões por estiramento de isquiotibiais em jogadores de futebol profissional
Authors: Mendes Ludymylla Nogueira , Neves Djeovana Soares , Oliveira Sara Miguel de , Damas Rafaela de Souza , Nunes Renata Souza , Costa Murilo Marques
Published: April 2024

Os isquiotibiais são um dos grupos musculares mais lesionados no meio esportivo. E o exercício nórdico (EN) apresenta-se como uma alternativa, que visa a prevenção de lesões por estiramento de isquiotibiais e o aumento da força muscular. Este estudo tem como objetivo evidenciar qual a eficácia que o exercício nórdico apresenta na prevenção, diminuição de lesões por estiramento e sua relação com o fortalecimento excêntrico dos isquiotibiais em jogadores de futebol profissional. A elaboração desta revisão sistemática baseou-se em artigos do setor de saúde, publicados entre os anos de 2019 e 2023, provenientes de ensaios clínicos randomizados, estudos de coorte, estudos de caso-controle e séries de casos, disponibilizados no idioma inglês e português. Foram utilizadas como bases para a coleta de dados a PubMed, Periódicos CAPES e Cochrane. As evidências obtidas nesta pesquisa demonstraram que o EN apresenta resultados pertinentes no aumento do fortalecimento excêntrico e redução da incidência de lesões. Assim, é possível contribuir para o âmbito da saúde, corroborando para uma prática cientificamente fundamentada.
Heureux qui, comme Ulysse, a fait un bon voyage: Invoking the deities of the roads in the Latin west
Authors: Marco Simón Francisco
Published: April 2024

The control of the Mediterranean and its surroundings by the conquering Roman Republic after the victory over Carthage, and later over the Hellenistic kingdoms throughout the 2nd and 1st centuries BC, notably increased connectivity and the movement of people. This paper focuses on the wide range of ritual instruments, above all the propitiation of the gods through sacrifices, in the face of journeys in general, and on the diverse religious resources documented in the epigraphy of the Latin West.
Az oktenidin-dihidroklorid antiszeptikum alkalmazása a fül-orr-gégészetben
Authors: Molnár András , Krasznai Magdolna , Maihoub Stefani
Published: April 2024

Az oktenidin-dihidroklorid antiszeptikum mint bőr- és felületfertőtlenítő
elterjedt a mindennapi gyakorlatban, fül-orr-gégészeti használatának lehetőségei
azonban kevésbé ismertek. Az oktenidin-dihidroklorid szintetikus
piridinszármazék, amely az antiszeptikus hatás tekintetében széles spektrumot ír
le. Hatékonynak bizonyult Gram-pozitív és Gram-negatív baktériumokkal, burokkal
rendelkező vírusokkal és egyes gombákkal szemben is. Az orr, a szájüreg,
valamint a garat gazdagon tartalmaz mikrobákat, és mint első behatolási kapuk,
infekciók gyakori színhelyei. Sajnálatos tény, hogy folyamatosan nő az
antibiotikumokkal és antimikotikumokkal szembeni rezisztencia, a felső légúti
vírusos fertőzések esetében pedig az antivirális készítmények nem alkalmazhatók
rutinszerűen. Ennek megfelelően az antiszeptikumok mindennapi alkalmazása
előnyös lehet, amelyekkel szemben – aspecifikus hatásuknak köszönhetően – a
rezisztenciák kialakulásának lehetősége kisebb. Az oktenidin-dihidroklorid
fül-orr-gégészeti alkalmazásáról számos korábbi tanulmány született, amelyek
megerősítették a hatékonyságát különböző infekciók esetében – ezek eredményeit
foglaljuk össze a jelen közleményben. Antibakteriális spektruma alapján, amely
magában foglalja a pharyngitist leggyakrabban okozó kórokozókat, az
oktenidin-dihidroklorid-tartalmú szopogatótabletta előnyösen használható a
garatgyulladások kezelésében, amit megerősít, hogy antibiotikummal együtt
alkalmazva szinergista hatású. Az egyes speciális pharyngitisek közül például
korábbi kutatási eredmények a Neisseria gonorrhoeae fertőzéssel
szemben is hatékonynak találták, ami lényeges, hiszen az azitromicinnel szembeni
rezisztencia folyamatosan nő. A mindennapi fül-orr-gégészeti gyakorlatban, de
más szakmákat érintően is lényeges a tracheakanülök potenciális szerepe, a
rajtuk keletkező biofilm által nosocomialis infekciók létrejöttében. Korábbi
kutatás például oktenidin-dihidroklorid hatóanyaggal bevont műanyag tracheakanül
dekontaminációját vizsgálta Pseudomonas aeruginosa és
Staphylococcus aureus kórokozók tekintetében, azzal az
eredménnyel, hogy a kolonizáció a bevont tracheakanülök esetében szignifikánsan
csökkent. További fontos eredmény, hogy a meticillinrezisztens S.
aureusszal szemben is eredményesnek bizonyult, amely az
orrbemenetben gyakran kolonizál és okoz fertőzést. Gombák tekintetében biztató
eredmények adódtak a Candida albicans esetében, amely
viszonylag gyakran okoz gombás pharyngitist, például immunszupprimált betegekben
vagy antibiotikumok túlzott/indokolatlan használata során. Elmondható ezenkívül,
hogy az azolokkal szembeni rezisztencia növekvő tendenciát mutat. Az
oktenidin-dihidroklorid számos fül-orr-gégészeti infekció esetében jó választás
lehet, az egyes eredményeket azonban további klinikai kutatásokkal szükséges
megerősíteni. Orv Hetil. 2024; 165(15): 568–573.
Development and characterization of high nutritional value snack bar as a complementary source of nutrients in supporting the growth of pregnant women: chemical, physical, and sensory properties
Authors: Maghaydah Sofyan , Abughoush Mahmoud , Aljanada Amal , H. Choudhury Imranul
Published: April 2024

Developing high nutritional value pregnant bar products as a source of different nutrients to support daily-consumed poor is considered a practical goal to increase pregnant crucial nutrient intake. This research aims to develop high nutritional snack bar as a complementary to support the nutrient requirements in pregnant women using a mixture of grains (chickpea and quinoa flours) along with wheat flour in addition to chia seeds, inulin, moringa leaves powder, anise, mastic and stevia. This study was conducted in two stages. Seven treatments of quinoa and chickpea flour levels in the ratio of (1:2) with wheat flour were produced. Proximate analysis, physical proprieties, color analysis, and sensory evaluation test were determined. This highly nutritional snack bar has larger contents of protein, fiber, lipids, and ash, as well as lower amounts of moisture and carbohydrate content compared to wheat flour control. Moreover, physical properties: snack bar samples’ weight, diameter and thickness decreased as the concentration of chickpea and quinoa flours increased. The results of the color analysis showed that there were significant differences in lightness (L*), redness (a*), and yellowness (b*) values between the control and the seven snack bar treatments, which showed lower lightness (L*) and yellowness (b*) color values and higher redness (a*) color values. Regarding the sensory evaluation, the most accepted treatment was treatment 7, which had 47.5% wheat flour, 35% chickpea flour, and 17.5% quinoa flour. Developing a high-nutrient-value snack bar as a complementary source of nutrients to support and cover most pregnant women’s nutrient requirements, maintaining necessary daily needs with controlled calorie intake and high quality and acceptability.
Plasma levels of IL-6, IL-10, IL-18, TNFα under the conditions of tobacco intoxication and after treatment with aminophthalhydrazide
Authors: Alpidovskaya O. V.
Published: April 2024

In response to damaging factors, a cascade of cytokines is released, triggering the processes of inflammation and fibrogenesis. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the levels of cytokines (IL-6, IL-10, IL-18, TNFα) in blood plasma under conditions of tobacco intoxication and with intramuscular administration of aminophthalhydrazide. The experiment was performed with 40 outbred white male rats. Intact group (n = 10) were in a priming chamber in absence of tobacco smoke. Experimental groups (1, 2, and 3) – n = 30, 10 animals in each group. The first and second groups of animals were exposed to tobacco smoke for one and two months. The third experimental group underwent intramuscular injections with sodium aminodihydrophthalazindione for 3, 7, 14 days. The content of IL-6, IL-10, IL-18, TNFα in blood plasma was determined by enzyme immunoassay technique. In 1st group, the TNFα level in blood plasma increased to 452.14±176.18 pg/mL (in intact animals, 15.23±3.13 pg/mL); in the 2nd group, this index decreased to 9.8; in group 3, these values showed a sharp increase (to 167.44±5.93 pg/mL). The level of IL-6 showed maximal values after 4 months of tobacco intoxication (group 3). The following IL-10 changes were observed: in the 1st group, its amounts increased by 1.2-fold; in the 2nd group a sharp decrease in the indindex was noted (13.7 times); in the 3rd group a decreased content of the cytokine was found (28.8 times) as compared with intact animals. After administration of aminodihydrophthalazinedione for 3 and 7 days, the content of TNFα showed sharp increas (14.8 times and 7.6 times, respectively); after 14 days of treatment, the level of TNFα decreased by 1.3 times compared to intact animals. We noted fluctuations in the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-18). The level of IL- 10 in blood plasma had a statistically significant increase (5.3-fold at 3 days after drug administration); 8.2-fold 7 days after administration of the drug, and 23-fold after 14 days of treatment, as compared with the 3rd group. The plasma concentrations of TNFα, IL-6, IL-10, IL-18 showed sufficient changes under the conditions of tobacco intoxication. The immune response is characterized by increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in blood plasma. Upon corrective therapy with sodium aminodihydrophthalazindione, an increase in the antiinflammatory IL-10 cytokine occurs, along with systemic decrease in the TNFα, IL-6, and IL-18 contents.
The Effect of Peptizing Agent Concentration on Processing and Properties of Alumina Based Catalyst Support
Authors: Turan Servet , Ökten Irmak Su , Aciksari Cem , Çelebi Serdar , Savacı Umut , Ayas Erhan
Published: April 2024

Gamma alumina (γ-Al2O3) has drawn attention as a support material for heterogeneous catalysts extensively used in the oil and gas industry due to its superior properties. Boehmite (AlOOH) is an industrially accepted and well-known precursor to produce gamma alumina-based support. The process additions such as nitric acid (HNO3) are commonly used in shaping process of alumina to control textural, mechanical and structural properties of final catalyst support. In this work, gamma alumina precursor boehmite was peptized by nitric acid at molar ratio of HNO3/AlOOH ranging from 0 to 0.054. With addition of nitric acid, extrusion paste showed higher plasticity up to 0.017 mole of HNO3/AlOOH. The addition of more than this point led to an inhomogenity of extrusion paste caused by hard and brittle structure caused by the formation of aluminum nitrate salts. Also, higher mechanical strength was observed for samples peptized with lower nitric acid concentration because of effective deagglomeration by peptization. The pore size of catalyst support pellets increased up to an acid/ boehmite molar ratio of 0.017 by peptizing of boehmite. However, beyond this point pore size decreased due to dissolution of boehmite.
POLKU 2.0 Lähtökohta-analyysi
Authors: Kuula Anna-Stina , Ruth-Viitanen Mira , Aaltonen Alisa
Published: April 2024

Tämä lähtökohta-analyysiraportti on tuotettu POLKU 2.0 -hankkeessa elokuussa 2023 ja sen on tarkoitus toimia tukena erilaista oppilaitosyhteistyötä sekä jatkuvan oppimisen mahdollisuuksia suunnitteleville tahoille. Raportti on päivitetty versio POLKU 2.0 hankkeen alussa 2021 tehdystä lähtökohta-analyysistä. Alkuperäinen versio tuki erityisesti POLKU 2.0 - hankkeen sisäistä työnjakoa ja se jää arkistoitavaksi. Päivitettyyn versioon olemme koonneet niitä toimenpiteitä, jotka koimme tärkeiksi hankkeen onnistumisen kannalta.
Lähtökohta-analyysi tehtiin POLKU 2.0 -hankkeessa kehittämään eri koulutusten tarjoajien välistä yhteistyötä sekä jatkuvan oppimisen mahdollisuuksia. Se on tärkeää, sillä on tunnistettu, että muun muassa koulutuksesta koulutukseen ja koulutuksesta työelämään siirtymisessä on rajoittavia tekijöitä. Näihin haasteisiin POLKU 2.0 -hankkeessa pyrittiin löytämään ratkaisuja. Lähtökohta-analyysin avulla lisättiin lisäksi osatoteuttajien välistä ymmärrystä toistensa tehtävistä ja toiminnan yhteyksistä sekä eroista. Näin se toimi tärkeänä sujuvan yhteistyön perustana.
Lähtökohta-analyysin sisältöä kerättiin POLKU 2.0 -hankkeessa syksyllä 2021 muun muassa osatoteuttajavierailuiden avulla, joissa luotiin esitysten ja keskustelun kautta yhteistä ymmärrystä ja maaperää hankkeen toimenpiteille. Muina tiedonkeruun tapoina toimivat kyselyt, haastattelut ja kartoitukset.
Päivitetty raportti sisältää lyhyen kuvauksen suomalaisesta koulutusjärjestelmästä ja sekä osatoteuttajien toimintaa ohjaavan lainsäädännön- ja toiminnan esittelyn, näkökulmia organisaatioissa tehdyn temaattisen työn kartoittamiseen, ristiinopiskelun ja jatkuvan oppimisen mahdollisuuksiin ja tämänhetkisiin haasteisiin, sekä henkilöstön osaamisen kartoittamiseen.
POLKU 2.0 -hankkeen toteuttajina toimivat Jyväskylän yliopisto, Jyväskylän ammattikorkeakoulu, Jyväskylän koulutuskuntayhtymä Gradia ja Pohjoisen Keski-Suomen ammattiopisto. Päärahoittaja oli Euroopan sosiaalirahasto, rahoittavana viranomaisena Keski-Suomen ELY- keskus. Hankkeen tavoitteena oli bio- ja kiertotalouden jatkuvan oppimisen koulutuksen tarjonnan laadun ja osuvuuden parantaminen Keski-Suomessa. Yhteiskehittämisen tuloksia kuvataan hankkeen toteutuksen kokoavassa Synteesiraportissa.
CATEGORY “OPPOSITION” IN THE TERMINOLOGICAL FIELD “SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS” (ON THE BASE OF GERMAN TERMS)
Authors: Lukoyanova Tatiana
Published: April 2024

In this article, the category “opposition” in the terminological field “surgical instruments” of the German language is examined by cognitive approach. Antonyms are analyzed in accordance with the semantic and structural classification developed by L.A. Novikov. The purpose of this work is to analyze and describe the terms of the studied terminological field, in the semantics of which there are indications of the category “opposition”. The materials for the study were compound terms (774 terms) and terminological word-combinations (524 terms) in the German language. The results of the analysis showed that the category “opposition” is characteristic for the analyzed terminological field. Using semantic classification contrarian, complementary and vector antonyms were identified in the studied terminological field. According to their structure antonyms of the terminological field “surgical instruments” in the German language are represented by compound terms and terminological word-combinations.
Impediments to the democratic participation of foreign nationals in public-school governance
Authors: Kavuro Callixte
Published: April 2024

In their efforts to promote the constitutional values of equality, human dignity and freedom, public-school laws and policies emphasise non-discrimination in the admission of learners and democracy in the professional management and governance of public schools. The democratisation of post-apartheid public schools must comply with democratic participation and representativity. Whereas democratic participation can be realised through the exercise of active voting rights, democratic representativity can be achieved through the exercise of passive voting rights. Accordingly, this article explores notions of democracy, non-discrimination, and representativity so as to examine and highlight factors that may restrict or inhibit the participation of foreign nationals in school governing body elections. The active and passive voting rights of foreign nationals are discussed from constitutional and statutory perspectives.
Профессионализм социальных работников в городской и сельской местности (на материалах исследований в Республике Карелия)
Authors: Петровская Юлия , Славашевич Юлия
Published: April 2024

Социальная работа как профессиональная деятельность играет ключевую роль в обеспечении благополучия наиболее уязвимых слоев населения. Социальные работники принимают на себя различные роли и выполняют множество задач в зависимости от потребностей клиентов. Особенности и разнообразие клиентских групп требуют от социальных работников соответствия ряду профессиональных и этических стандартов, что необходимо для предоставления качественных социальных услуг и обеспечения достойного качества жизни населения ‒ одной из главных целей социальной политики государства. Эти требования формально закреплены в должностных инструкциях, профессиональных стандартах и кодексах, однако также определяются особенностями местности, где осуществляется социальная работа. Наше исследование направлено на анализ профессионализма социальных работников в Республике Карелия и фокусируется на различиях городских и сельских районов. Основой исследования стали данные, собранные с помощью опросов, интервью и наблюдений в Петрозаводске и Прионежском районе. В ходе исследования выявлены значительные различия в условиях труда между городскими и сельскими социальными работниками, в том числе в плане образовательной подготовки, стажа работы, спектра оказываемых услуг и уровня физической нагрузки. На основании полученных данных мы делаем выводы о необходимости разработки целевых программ профессионального развития для социальных работников, учитывающих специфику городской и сельской среды, и рекомендуем расширять образовательные возможности социальных работников, создавать условия для их саморазвития и исследовательской деятельности, уделять особое внимание профилактике выгорания и развитию сотрудничества государственных учреждений и администраций сельских поселений для повышения информированности населения о социальных услугах. Пересмотр взглядов на профессионализм, создание новых обучающих программ и курсов и условий для профессионального роста с учетом специфики местности будут способствовать повышению качества социального обслуживания и лучшему удовлетворению потребностей населения в Республике Карелия.
Does the new vascular management of acute limb ischemia have effective results with lower treatment costs
Authors: Vukas Haris , Kadić-Vukas Samra , Dervišević Senad , Salihbegović Adis , Vranić Haris , Djedović Muhamed , Hadžimehmedagić Amel , Totić Dragan
Published: April 2024

Aim
To compare hospital costs of acute limb ischemia treatment in two periods of time and to show evidence of long-term repercussions on reducing costs during successful treatment.
Methods
Retrospective analysis of data obtained from 100 patients' medical history in the period 2000-2016 at the Clinic of Vascular Surgery Sarajevo: group A-60 patients with acute limb ischemia in the period 2005-2016 and group B-40 patients with acute limb ischemia (ALI) in the period 2000-2005. From 2000 to 2005 conservative treatment method was used, invasive diagnostic and surgical procedures were often delayed for a shorter or longer period of time. During the period from 2005 to 2016, the management model and safe practice included emergency diagnostic procedures, colour-Doppler, arteriography, emergency surgery (embolectomy by Fogharty and if necessary, vascular bypass).
Results
 Better health service for the patients with acute limb ischemia was offered in the period 2005-2016, which relied on proven medical treatment trends. The largest share of the total costs of each patient included costs of hospital bed with significant difference between the period 2005-2016 and 2000-2005, mean of 1398.71 KM and 2480.45KM, respectively (p <0.0001), indicating rationalization of time that patients spend at the Vascular Clinic.
Conclusion
 This trend of money/fund savings is an example of good practice, effectiveness and efficiency in the treatment of ALI and as such was used in patients with other vascular diseases.
Anal canal squamous cell cancer: surgıcal therapy, when?
Authors: Kaya Selcuk , Altın Onder , Altuntas Yunus Emre , Yaprak Gokhan , Kucuk Hasan Fehmı
Published: April 2024

Aim
To describe a therapeutic approach, indications for abdominoperineal resection (APR), survival and oncological results for patients who received treatment in our surgical clinic for anal canal squamous cell cancer (SCC).
Methods
Patients were randomized into two groups according to the treatment method: Group 1-Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) without surgery, Group 2-CRT + APR.
Results
 Eighteen patients with anal canal SCC were included in the study; 11 (61.1%) patients were in Group 1 and 7 (38.8%) in Group 2. Reasons for APR was as follows: three patients had insufficient CRT, two had recurrence after CRT, one had complete faecal incontinence and one patient had rectovaginal fistula. Overall five year survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) was 77.7% and 72.7%, respectively. Comparing two groups five year OS was 90.9% and 57.1%, whereas DFS was 81.8%, 57.1%, respectively (p=0.389 and 0.324, respectively).
Conclusion
 Gold standard therapy for anal canal SCC is CRT. However, APR should be applied as an escape treatment for patients suffering from tumour progression, insufficient CRT and recurrence (30%).
New-onset atrial fibrillation after percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting for left main disease
Authors: Avdagić Harun , Iveljić Ivana , Jahić Elmir , Sijerčić Selma , Krdžalić Alisa , Skakić Amar , Radović Jasenko , Ahmetašević Emir
Published: April 2024

Aim
 To determine the prevalence of new-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for left main coronary artery disease (LMCAD) and its effect on 6-month cardiovascular outcomes.
Methods
This prospective study included 40 patients diagnosed with LMCAD, in the period from 2017 to 2018. The patients with LMCAD and low or intermediate SYNTAX score were randomized to PCI with zotarolimus-eluting stents versus CABG. Outcomes were analyzed according to the development of NOAF during the initial hospitalization following revascularization. Results
 Among 40 patients without atrial fibrillation on presentation, NOAF developed 3.1±1.3 days during hospitalization in three CABG treated patients, and one PCI treated patient. One patient that was CABG treated developed NOAF after two months. Patients with versus patients without NOAF had a significantly longer duration of hospitalization, probably because they were discharged on anticoagulant therapy. Myocardial infarction was presented in one CABG treated patient after 3 months, and also in one PCI treated patient after 4 months. One patient died 2 months after the operation, and one developed stroke 5 months after the CABG operation.
Conclusion
 The NOAF was common after CABG, but extremely rare after PCI, and it occurred almost exclusively following CABG. There was a clear statistical tendency for all-cause death, cardiovascular death and stroke at 6-month follow-up period.
Screening general practice patients for migraine without aura: construction and validation of the Balkan Migraine Screening Questionnaire (BMSQ)
Authors: Šukalo Aziz , Merdžanović Elma , Alic Alma , Vrabac-Mujčinagić Muamera , Alibašić Esad , Janković Slobodan M.
Published: April 2024

Aim
 To develop and validate a screening questionnaire for migraine without aura with sufficient diagnostic accuracy to be used in primary care settings.
Methods
 The study was designed as cross-sectional, multicentric, diagnostic accuracy trial of new questionnaire for screening patients who visit general practitioners, with an aim to reveal migraine without aura. The instrument was constructed for the purpose of this study, and validated on the sample of 429 primary care outpatients. The gold standard of diagnosing migraine without aura was clinical estimate by a neurologist based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition (ICHD-III) criteria. Diagnostic accuracy of the instrument was tested through construction of the Receiver Operator Curve.
Results
 The Balkan Migraine Screening Questionnaire (BMSQ) instrument showed good diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity 83.4%
and specificity 79.9%) for migraine without aura, with significant screening yield among previously undiagnosed patients of 75.9%. The study also confirmed a high percentage of patients with hidden migraine without aura (MWA) (52.9%) revealed by the BMSQ and the ICHD-III criteria that would otherwise remain undiagnosed.
Conclusion
 The BMSQ is a valid and reliable clinical instrument for revealing migraine without aura, which could be easily selfadministered by patients. It has high screening yield, discovering majority of patients with previously undiagnosed migraine without aura, whose definite diagnosis should later on be confirmed by the attending physicians using the ICHD-III criteria. 
Standard plating vs. cortical strut and plating for periprosthetic knee fractures: a multicentre experience
Authors: Pichierri Paolo , Filipponi Marco , Giaracuni Marco , Leonetti Danilo , Meccariello Luigi , Rollo Giuseppe , Bonura Enrico Maria , Huri Gazi , Ronga Mario , Carulli Christian , Bisaccia Michele , Traina Francesco
Published: April 2024

Aim
 Periprosthetic fracture after knee arthroplasty occurs more frequently in the supracondylar area of femur, especially after low energy trauma associated with torsional or compressive forces. Several techniques have been described for the treatment of displaced fractures. The aim of this study is the evaluation of the outcomes and bone healing of periprosthetic femoral fractures managed by standard plate fixation compared to plating with bone grafting.
Methods
 Thirty-six periprosthetic fractures around the knee were selected. Eighteen patients underwent standard plate and screws fixation while other eighteen were treated by plating associate with a cortical strut. Knee Society Score (KSS) and Short Form 12 (SF12) with the UNION SCORE (RUS) were used for the evaluation of results.
Results
After a minimum follow-up of 12 months, the results showed a statistically significant difference in SF-12, KSS, and RUS in favour of plating associated to bone graft with respect to the plating alone; four cases of non-union were recorded in the group of patients treated by standard plating.
Conclusions
 Our experience once again demonstrated that plating and bone grafting may ensure a mechanical and biological support for the healing of periprosthetic fracture of the knee more than simple plating.
Bone marrow adiposity is inversely associated with bone mineral density in postmenopausal females
Authors: Milišić Lejla , Vegar-Zubović Sandra , Valjevac Amina , Hasanović-Vučković Suada
Published: April 2024

Aim
 To evaluate vertebral bone marrow adiposity (BMA) using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in postmenopausal women and to determine an association of bone density with bone marrow fat content.
 Methods
 This cross-sectional study included 120 postmenopausal women referred for osteoporosis screening. All women underwent assessment of bone mineral density by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), who were divided based on T scores into osteoporosis (OST; n=60) and control group (CG; n=60). MRS was used to measure fat fraction (FF), lipid/water ratio (LWR) and fat content (FC) at vertebral spine (L1-L4).
Results
Mean age, menopause or reproductive period duration was not significantly different between women in OST and control group. Median LWR in OST group was significantly higher compared to CG, 31.5 (22.9-38.8) vs. 28.7 (13.7-37.3) (p=0.039). Median FC was significantly higher in OST compared to the control group, 47.0 (46.3-78.8) and 46.4 (44.3-48.6), respectively (p=0.011). FC was significantly negatively associated with BMD at lumbar spine (Rho=-0.042; p<0.001) and with BMD at hip (Rho=-0.64; p<0.001). In logistic regression model, FC remained independently associated with osteoporosis after controlling for confounders (age, menopause duration, reproductive period duration and body mass index) (OR=1.3; 95% CI 1.1-1.6).
Conclusion
 Bone marrow adiposity is an independent predictor of low bone mass in postmenopausal women suggesting its role as a therapeutic target in postmenopausal osteoporosis management.
Epidemiology of measles cases and phylogenetic analysis of the virus circulated in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina during 2018: implications for elimination efforts
Authors: Salimović-Bešić Irma , Musa Sanjin , Tihić Nijaz , Arapović Jurica , Hukić Mirsada , Šeremet Mensura , Zahirović Edina , Arapčić Suzana , Dedeić-Ljubović Amela
Published: April 2024

Aim
To present combined measles cases data and phylogenetic analysis of the virus circulated in 2018 in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FB&H, the entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina), in order to analyse endemic transmission patterns of circulating strains and its implications for elimination efforts.
Methods
 The data were derived from epidemiological case investigations and laboratory diagnoses based on serology, molecular detection and genotyping of the measles virus.
Results
 During 2018 16 measles cases were reported in FB&H, of which five were classified as laboratory confirmed cases, one was an epidemiologically linked case and 10 were clinically compatible cases. Among them 12 (75.00%) cases were unvaccinated or had unknown vaccination status. The most affected population was up to 14 years of age (13/16; 81.25%). None of the cases was fully vaccinated. Viruses of other genetic lineages had been introduced in FB&H in the recent period. Two virus lineages of genotype B3 were identified. Phylogenetic analysis indicated the presence of a unique sequence of measles B3 virus in FB&H (Sarajevo).
Conclusion
 Further strengthening of measles surveillance system and renewed efforts to increase vaccination levels are necessary to prevent disease and for elimination setting.
Association between FVL G1691A, FII G20210A, and MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms and Turkish women with recurrent pregnancy loss
Authors: Yengel Irem , Yorulmaz Tulay , Api Murat
Published: April 2024

Aim
 Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) poses a challenge in reproductive medicine because the etiology is often unknown. Here we investigated the frequency of mutations in the Factor V Leiden (FVL), prothrombin (FII), and methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) genes in women with RPL and healthy women.
Methods
Blood samples were obtained from patients with ≥2 consecutive pregnancy losses and no identifiable etiology before 12 weeks of pregnancy (n=145). The control group comprised 105 age-matched women with ≥2 live births.
Results
The frequency of homozygotes for FVL 1691AA was 15 (10.3%) in patients and three (2.86%) in controls (p=0.073), while for FII 20210AA it was eight (5.5%) and one (0.9%), respectively (p=0.055). For two polymorphisms in MTHFR, genotype frequencies of 89 (61.4%) were found in patients and 55 (52.4%) in controls for 677TT (p=0.322), and 89 (61.4%) and 62 (59%) for 1298CC, respectively (p=0.810).
Conclusion
Despite a trend towards significance for FII G20210A, no significant differences in genotype frequencies of these polymorphisms between patients and controls was found. No evidence of the role of FVL G1691A, MTHFR C677T, and MTHFR A1298C in RPL in our Turkish cohort was found; however, further investigation of FII as a culprit gene in RPL is warranted.
A one-year review of macrosomic births at the Cantonal Hospital Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Štimjanin Hana , Iriškić Rasim , Hodžić Jasmin , Štimjanin Ena
Published: April 2024

Aim
 To identify a rate of macrosomic births in a one-year review, associated maternal characteristics and pregnancy outcome.
Methods
 This one-year retrospective review included all macrosomic deliveries at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
at the Cantonal Hospital Zenica between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2018. The data were collected from maternal and newborn medical records. A total of 361 singleton normal birth weight term newborns (birth weight < 4000 g, but not small for gestational age) who were delivered in the same period, represented the control group.
Results
Among the total of 2758 women who gave birth, 360 (13.05%) macrosomic infants (birth weight more than 4000 g)
were delivered. Mean birth weight was 4258.90 g (maximum 5460g); nine (0.33%) were >5000g. Male macrosomic infants
were more frequently represented, 245 (68,1%) comparing to the control group (p<0.01); in the control group female infants were more frequently represented (p<0.01). The overall Cesarean section rate, including elective Cesarean delivery was 23.2%, and 76.1% underwent an attempt of labour delivered vaginally.
Conclusion
Macrosomia represents a risk for adverse outcome for the mother and neonate, with a higher risk for the operative mode
of delivery.
The effect of bay leaf extract Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp. on C-reactive protein (CRP) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) level in the heart of rat model of myocardial infarction
Authors: Hasan Refli , Lindarto Dharma , Siregar Gontar Alamsyah , Mukhtar Zulfikri
Published: April 2024

Aim
To study the anti-inflammatory effect of bay leaf on C-reactive protein (CRP) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) level in the heart of rat model with myocardial infarction.
Methods
In the first phase, results of pathological examination and biochemical assay were compared between rats with and without induction of myocardial infarction. In the second phase, the effect of bay leaf extract on CRP and MPO of rats with myocardial infarction was studied.
Results
 C-reactive protein and MPO were higher in rats which had myocardial infarction. Administration of bay leaf extract reduced levels of CRP and MPO in the rats started from day 4 after the induction of myocardial infarction.
Conclusion
 Anti-inflammatory effect of bay leaf is confirmed, reflected by decreasing of CRP and MPO levels of rat model with myocardial infarction.
Is there an association between alpha 2-Heremans-Schmid glycoprotein (AHSG) gene Thr256Ser polymorphisms with aortic calcification in regular hemodialysis patients in Medan, Indonesia
Authors: Muzasti Riri Andri , Suhardjono Dr , Purwanto Bambang , Rosita Juwita Sembiring
Published: April 2024

Aim
Alpha2-Heremans-Schmid glycoprotein (AHSG), a circulating plasma protein, plays an essential role in bone and vascular mineralization. The impact of AHSG gene polymorphisms on aortic calcification in haemodialysis patients was inconsistent. We performed this study to clarify precise association among AHSG gene Thr256Ser single-nucleotide polymorphisms and aortic calcification.
Methods
 Patients on stable regular haemodialysis treatment for more than thirty months were included in a cross-sectional study at Rasyida Renal Hospital Medan. Lateral spine X-rays were performed to evaluate the aortic calcification. Genotyping for the polymorphisms was carried out using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) techniques.
 Results
Aortic calcification was detected in 69.8% of patients. From 106 patients, 49 patients (46.2 %) had CC (Thr/Thr), 54 (51.0%) had CG (Thr/Ser) and three (2.8%) patients had GG (Ser/ Ser) polymorphism. The proportion of patients with heterozygous or homozygous G allele (CG and GG genotypes) is more likely (91.2%) to have aortic calcification. The bivariate analysis showed that Thr256Ser polymorphism (G allele) was associated with increased risk for aortic calcification (PR = 2.03; 95% CI 1.48-2.80; p<0.001). However, overall results from multivariate analysis showed that Fetuin-A level <204 pg/mL (PR = 22.0; 95% CI 3.32-145.91; p=0.001) and IL-6 level ≥53.05 mg/dL (PR = 19.50; 95% CI 2.87-132.41; p=0.002) were the major risk factors for the occurrence of aortic calcification.
Conclusion
 AHSG Thr256Ser gene polymorphism showed an association with aortic calcification in regular haemodialysis patients, but Fetuin-A and IL-6 have a dominant role in the development of aortic calcification.
Association of endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene (G894T) polymorphism and hypertension in diabetic Bataknese patients
Authors: Siregar Jelita , Akbari Ganie Ratna , Lindarto Dharma , Mutiara Erna , Munir Delfitri
Published: April 2024

Aim
 To assess endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene (G894T) polymorphism and nitric oxide (NO) level in hypertensive diabetic Bataknese patients.
Methods
 A hospital-based, case control study (hypertensive and normotensive diabetic patient) was conducted. Genotyping of
eNOS gene (G894T) was done using polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Nitric oxide was quantified by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Sandwich ELISA).
Results
 GT polymorphism and T allele were higher in the hypertensive diabetic patients, 37.5% (p=0.6) and 54% (p=0.39),
respectively. Nitric oxide level tended to be lower in the hypertensive diabetic patients (88.87µmol/L) comparing to the normotensive (95.42 µmol/L (p=0.54), as well as GT and TT polymorphism type (p=0.75).
Conclusion
 eNOS gene (G894T) polymorphism is not associated with NO level and hypertension in the diabetic Bataknese patients.
Assessment of physical activity and body weight among medical students in Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Savić Suzana , Gavran Larisa , Tešanović Gordana
Published: April 2024

Aim
 To assess obesity and weekly physical activity among medical students at the University of Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina, related to gender and years of study profile.
Methods
 This is a prospective, descriptive study conducted among the student population across all six years, comprised of a validated survey instrument Youth Risk Behaviour Survey Questionnaires. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the School of Medicine and carried out as an anonymous survey, during the winter semester of the academic year 2017/2018.
Results
 Of the total 601 students, the study included 543 students, 327 (60.2%) females and 216 (39.8%) males. The majority of students 337 (62.1%) had normal weight, and 13 (2.4%) had class 1 obesity. Most female students, 255 (75.7%) had normal weight, while 132 (61.1%) males were overweight. Physical inactivity was found among 349 (64.3%) students; 11 (2%) exercised regularly twice a week and 16 (2.9%) exercised five times a week.
Conclusion
 This study should help better understanding and identifying the onset of obesity among the students of the School of Medicine in Banja Luka and promote awareness of the obesity problem among them that would have benefit for health of this population group.
Cardiac biomarkers and left ventricular systolic function in acute myocardial infarction with ST- segment elevation in diabetes mellitus type 2 patients
Authors: Halilčević Mirela , Begić Edin , Džubur Alen , Šabanović-Bajramović Nirvana , Mekić Mevludin , Ejubović Malik , Džubur Amela , Štimjanin Ena
Published: April 2024

Aim
 To determine a status of systolic function in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI), to determine values of cardiac biomarkers in patients with DM type 2 with STEMI and correlate the parameters with ejection fraction of left ventricle (EFLV).
Methods
 A total of 80 patients were divided into two groups, the study group (group I) consisting of 40 patients admitted with the diagnosis of DM type 2 and STEMI, and a control group (group II) with 40 patients with STEMI without diagnosed DM type 2. Cardiac biomarkers-creatine kinase MB fraction (CKMB), and troponin I were monitored. The EFLV was evaluated echocardiographically (using Simpson method) five days after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI).
Results
 In the group I the EFLV five days after pPCI was significantly correlated with troponin values (with a minimum r =-0.47; p=0.002, a maximum r =-0.339; p = 0.032, as well as with an average value of r =-0.389; p=0.013), and with an average CK value (r =-0.319; p=0.045). In the group II there was a significant negative correlation of EFLV with the maximum value of troponin (r =-0.309; p=0.05).
Conclusion
 Troponin values have an effect on the EFLV after STEMI, and thus on the left ventricular status, as well as on the pharmacological modality itself.
ABO blood group genotypes and ventilatory dysfunction in patients with allergic and nonallergic asthma
Authors: Lampalo Marina , Jukić Irena , Bingulac-Popović Jasna , Safić Stanić Hana , Ferara Nikola , Popović-Grle Sanja
Published: April 2024

Aim
ABO blood group genotypes are established as a genetic factor in pathophysiology of various diseases, such as cardiovascular disorders, cancers, infectious diseases and there is rising evidence of their involvement in other conditions. The aim of this study was to determine if ventilatory changes of lung function in asthma, measured by biomarkers/parameters, are connected to certain ABO blood group genotypes in Croatia.
Methods
 A case-control study included 149 patients with asthma and 153 healthy individuals (blood donors). ABO genotyping on five main alleles was performed using PCR-SSP method. All patients had spirometry performed and severity of asthma was estimated. Clinical parameters of spirometry (FEV 1 , FEV/FVC, PEF), biomarkers FeNO, IgE and pO2 were measured. The χ 2 test, Fisher's test, Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman's correlation coefficients with p˂0.05 were used as statistically significant.
Results
There was no determined statistically significant difference in both ABO genotypes and phenotypes between patient and control groups. Comparison of the lung function in different ABO phenotypes in asthmatic patients also did not show any statistically significant differences in FEV1 values, FEV/FVC ratio or PEF. Statistically significant differences in oxygenation between different ABO blood types have not been noticed (p=0.326). Differences in quantitative values of biomarkers (FeNO and IgE) between different ABO blood phenotypes in patients with asthma were not significant, except for IgE that had marginal values (p=0.074).
Conclusion
 No correlation was found between certain ABO blood group genotypes and parameters/biomarkers of ventilatory dysfunction in patients with allergic and nonallergic asthma.
Association between CD133 expression and clinicopathological profile in colorectal cancer
Authors: Rey Imelda , Putra Agung , Lindarto Dharma , Yusuf Fauzi
Published: April 2024

Aim
To investigate CD133 expression and its relationship to clinicopathological profile in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.
Methods
 This cross-sectional study was performed at the Internal Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Adam Malik General
Hospital. The colorectal cancer tissue was taken from surgical resection and colonoscopy biopsy from CRC patients. Clinical profile was obtained by a questionnaire. Histopathology examination was done using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Immunohistochemistry (distribution score and intensity score) combined with ROC analysis were conducted to determine CD133 expression. An association between CD133 expression and clinicopathological profile
was then analyzed.
Results
 Out of 118 patients, 690 (58.5%) were male. The high and low level of CD133 expression were found in 44 (37.3%) and
74 (62.7%) patients, respectively. No difference between gender, age, body mass index, hemoglobin, leucocytes, platelets, and histopathology with CD133 expression was found. There was a significant difference between CD133 and different CRC locations (p=0.002). CD133 expression was higher in the proximal colon than the rectum (p=0.002), and it was higher in the distal colon than the rectum (p=0.008), especially in terms of percentages of stained cancer cells (distribution score).
Conclusion
 CD133 expression was associated with the tumour location, but not with other clinicopathological factors.
Refractive errors in children: analysis among preschool and school children in Tuzla city, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Nadarević Vodenčarević Amra , Halilbašić Meliha , Međedović Anis , Jusufović Vahid , Pilavdžić Adisa , Drljević Aida , Burgić Mufid
Published: April 2024

Aim
To establish the prevalence of refractive errors in preschool and school children between 4 and 15 years of age, living in Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Methods
Children from all elementary schools in the city of Tuzla and as well from eight day-care centres were screened for refractive errors in the period 2015-2019. Any child, who failed to pass the screening examination, was referred to an ophthalmologist for complete ophthalmological evaluation. The obtained data were analysed using non-parametric statistics.
Results
The highest number of children who were tested after the screening process was during 2015. A total of 7415 children
(3790 males and 3625 females), in the age range of 4-15 were screened. In the total sample of children who were completely evaluated (n=145; 290 eyes) the most common refractive error was astigmatism, in 152 (52.4%) eyes. In the preschool children (n=18; 36 eyes), the most common refractive error was astigmatism, in 19 (52.8%) eyes, followed by hyperopia, in 9 (25%) eyes. In the school children (n=127) (254 eyes), the most common refractive error was astigmatism, in 133 (52.4%) eyes, followed by myopia, in 92 (36.2%) eyes. The overall prevalence of refractive errors was 1.95% (145 with refractive error out of 7415 screened).
Conclusion
Prevalence of refractive errors is high enough to justify a school eye screening programme. 
Poguntano effect on cell viability in cholesteatoma keratinocyte of chronic suppurative otitis media
Authors: Asroel Harry A. , Lelo Aznan , Munir Delfitri , Bashiruddin Jenny , Syamsul Hadi Restu
Published: April 2024

Aim
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) with or without cholesteatoma is a global major problem and it is becoming a burden especially in developing countries. Studies have found that ethanol extracts of Puguntano leaves obtained by the percolation and socletation methods have phytochemical contents that provide anti-inflammatory effect. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ethanol extract and Puguntano on the viability of cholesteatoma keratinocytes.
Methods
This in vitro experimental study included 8 groups of the cholesteatoma keratinocyte culture: not given puguntano leaf ethanol extract, three positive control groups given different concentrations of dexamethasone, and four groups that were given different concentrations of ethanol extract of leaf Puguntano.
Results
A statistically significant decrease in procalcitonin level (p<0.001) and an amount of bacterial colonies (p<0.001) in four groups were found.
Conclusion
 This study showed that Puguntano leaf extract has the same effect as dexamethasone in terms of suppressing cell viability and has lower side effects compared to dexamethasone as other herbal medicines. Thus, the ethanol extract of Puguntano leaves can be used as an alternative for the prevention of cholesteatoma.