bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Corrosion Strength Analysis of Casing in Offshore Thermal Recovery Wells
Authors: Li Jun , Song Xue Feng , Liu Gong Hui , Xi Yan , Lian Wei , Huang Tao
Published: February 2019

Corrosion is a common problem in offshore oil and gas wells, especially in thermal recovery wells, which will greatly affect the residual strength of casing strings. Field data show that the corrosion pattern of casing is mainly pitting, local corrosion and uniform corrosion, of which pitting is the most common. For this reason, based on the engineering practice of thermal recovery well casing corrosion, the dynamic changes of wellbore temperature and pressure during the gas production process of thermal recovery wells are considered, and the numerical model of casing corrosion under transient temperature and pressure coupling is established. The influence of corrosion morphology and corrosion depth on the residual strength of the casing is analyzed. The transient stress variation law of the corroded casing is studied. The results show that: (1) Under the same corrosion depth, both pitting and uniform corrosion will reduce the residual internal pressure and external extrusion strength of the casing string, and the degree of influence is similar. The effect of uniform corrosion on the residual tensile strength of the casing string is larger than pitting and local corrosion; (2) the residual strength of the casing decreases linearly with the increase of the corrosion depth of the casing; (3) the stress of the corrosion part of the casing shows a significant dynamic change, in the initial stage of steam injection, casing stress rises rapidly at the corrosion position, and then the rate at which the casing stress rises is slowed, which tends to cause fatigue damage to the casing. The research results have reference significance for the assessment of the service status of offshore thermal recovery well casings.
Changes in Corrosion of X70 Steel in Water-Saturated Supercritical CO2 System Caused by Impurity
Authors: Jiang Tao , Sun Jian Bo , Li Jian Hua , Ning Yu Heng , Liu Dong Ming , Sun Chong , Yin Jian
Published: February 2019

During the process of Carbon Capture and Storage, some impurity may be found in the supercritical CO2fluid. The changes in corrosion of X70 Steel in water-saturated supercritical CO2system caused by impurity has been studied by the simulation experiment. The average corrosion rate was got from weight loss measurement. The morphologies and compositions of corrosion products were analyzed by SEM, EDS and XRD. It was observed that the existence of separate impurity would aggravate the corrosion of X70 steel in the water-saturated supercritical CO2system. The average corrosion rate was the highest when NO2or SO2was included, followed by H2S, and the average corrosion rate was the smallest when O2was contained. Among them, X70 steel suffered local corrosion when NO2was contained. The corrosion scale was monolayer structure of FeCO3under the supercritical CO2-H2O system. After the addition of O2, Fe2O3appeared in the corrosion scale, indicating that the oxygen corrosion process occurred. While with the addition of H2S, corrosion scales were double layers. FeS was mainly present in the outer layer. The corrosion process was controlled by CO2and H2S. The corrosion products were mostly FeSO3·xH2O and a spot of FeCO3when SO2was contained. SO2mainly governed the corrosion process. Besides, corrosion product was Fe2O3without FeCO3in the supercritical CO2-H2O-NO2system, NO2completely controlled the corrosion process.
NK Cells Require Cell-Extrinsic and -Intrinsic TYK2 for Full Functionality in Tumor Surveillance and Antibacterial Immunity
Authors: Simonović Natalija , Witalisz-Siepracka Agnieszka , Meissl Katrin , Lassnig Caroline , Reichart Ursula , Kolbe Thomas , Farlik Matthias , Bock Christoph , Sexl Veronika , Müller Mathias , Strobl Birgit
Published: February 2019

Tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) is a widely expressed receptor-associated kinase that is involved in signaling by a variety of cytokines with important immune regulatory activities. Absence of TYK2 in mice results in impaired NK cell maturation and antitumor activity, although underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Using conditional ablation of TYK2 in NK cells we show that TYK2 is required for IFN-γ production by NK cells in response to IL-12 and for an efficient immune defense against Listeria monocytogenes. Deletion of TYK2 in NK cells did not impact NK cell maturation and IFN-γ production upon NK cell activating receptor (actR) stimulation. Similarly, NK cell–mediated tumor surveillance was unimpaired upon deletion of TYK2 in NK cells only. In line with the previously reported maturation-associated Ifng promoter demethylation, the less mature phenotype of Tyk2−/− NK cells correlated with an increased CpG methylation at the Ifng locus. Treatment with the DNA hypomethylating agent 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine restored the ability of Tyk2−/− NK cells to produce IFN-γ upon actR but not upon IL-12 stimulation. NK cell maturation was dependent on the presence of TYK2 in dendritic cells and could be rescued in Tyk2-deficient mice by treatment with exogenous IL-15/IL-15Rα complexes. IL-15 treatment also rescued the in vitro cytotoxicity defect and the impaired actR-induced IFN-γ production of Tyk2−/− NK cells. Collectively, our findings provide the first evidence, to our knowledge, for a key role of TYK2 in the host environment in promoting NK cell maturation and antitumor activity.
Portal Vein Hemodialysis-Tunneled Catheter: A Case Report in a Pediatric Patient with Extensive Systemic Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Abd El Tawab Karim A. , Sallam Dina E.
Published: February 2019

We report a case of an 11-year-old child with end-stage renal disease and extensive systemic venous thrombosis including the inferior and superior vena cava. Transhepatic portal vein hemodialysis tunneled catheter was inserted after exhausting all other possible venous access through internal jugular, subclavian, femoral, and hepatic veins.
Elliptic equations involving the $p$-Laplacian and a gradient term having natural growth
Authors: Guedes de Figueiredo Djairo , Gossez Jean-Pierre , Ramos Quoirin Humberto , Ubilla Pedro
Published: February 2019

We investigate the problem

\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} -\Delta_p u = g(u)|\nabla u|^p + f(x,u) & \text{in } \Omega, \\ u>0 &\text{in } \Omega, \\ u = 0 &\text{on } \partial\Omega, \end{array} \right.

in a bounded smooth domain

\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^N

. Using a Kazdan–Kramer change of variable we reduce this problem to a quasilinear one without gradient term and therefore approachable by variational methods. In this way we come to some new and interesting problems for quasilinear elliptic equations which are motivated by the need to solve

(P)

. Among other results, we investigate the validity of the Ambrosetti–Rabinowitz condition according to the behavior of

g

and

f

. Existence and multiplicity results for

(P)

are established in several situations.
Viscosities, diffusion coefficients, and mixing times of intrinsic fluorescent organic molecules in brown limonene secondary organic aerosol and tests of the Stokes–Einstein equation
Authors: Ullmann Dagny A. , Hinks Mallory L. , Maclean Adrian M. , Butenhoff Christopher L. , Grayson James W. , Barsanti Kelley , Jimenez Jose L. , Nizkorodov Sergey A. , Kamal Saeid , Bertram Allan K.
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Viscosities and diffusion rates of organics within secondary
organic aerosol (SOA) remain uncertain. Using the bead-mobility technique, we
measured viscosities as a function of water activity (aw) of
SOA generated by the ozonolysis of limonene followed by browning by exposure
to NH3 (referred to as brown limonene SOA or brown LSOA). These
measurements together with viscosity measurements reported in the literature
show that the viscosity of brown LSOA increases by 3–5 orders of magnitude
as the aw decreases from 0.9 to approximately 0.05. In addition,
we measured diffusion coefficients of intrinsic fluorescent organic molecules
within brown LSOA matrices using rectangular area fluorescence recovery after
photobleaching. Based on the diffusion measurements, as the aw
decreases from 0.9 to 0.33, the average diffusion coefficient of the
intrinsic fluorescent organic molecules decreases from 5.5×10-9 to 7.1×10-13 cm2 s−1 and
the mixing times of intrinsic fluorescent organic molecules within 200 nm
brown LSOA particles increases from 0.002 to 14 s. These results suggest
that the mixing times of large organics in the brown LSOA studied here are
short (<1 h) for aw and temperatures often found in
the planetary boundary layer (PBL). Since the diffusion coefficients and mixing
times reported here correspond to SOA generated using a high mass loading
(∼1000 µg m−3), biogenic SOA particles found in the
atmosphere with mass loadings ≤10 µg m−3 are likely to
have higher viscosities and longer mixing times (possibly 3 orders of
magnitude longer). These new measurements of viscosity and diffusion were
used to test the accuracy of the Stokes–Einstein relation for predicting
diffusion rates of organics within brown LSOA matrices. The results show that
the Stokes–Einstein equation gives accurate predictions of diffusion
coefficients of large organics within brown LSOA matrices when the viscosity
of the matrix is as high as 102 to 104 Pa s. These results have important implications for predicting diffusion
and mixing within SOA particles in the atmosphere.
Organic coating on sulfate and soot particles in summer Arctic atmosphere
Authors: Yu Hua , Li Weijun , Zhang Yangmei , Tunved Peter , Dall'Osto Manuel , Shen Xiaojing , Sun Junying , Zhang Xiaoye , Shi Zongbo
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Interaction of anthropogenic particles with radiation and clouds plays an important role on Arctic climate change. Mixing state of aerosols is a key parameter to influence aerosol-cloud and aerosol-radiation interaction. However, little is known on this parameter in the Arctic, preventing an accurate representation of this information in global models. Here we used transmission electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (TEM/EDS), scanning TEM, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS), and atomic forces microscopy (AFM) to determine the size and mixing properties of individual particles at 100 nm–10 μm, with a particular focus on sulfate and carbonaceous particles. We found that non-sea salt sulfate particles with size range at 100–2000 nm were commonly coated with organic matter (OM) in summer. 20 % of sulfate particles also had soot inclusions which only appeared in the organic coating. The OM coating is estimated to contribute to 63 % of the particle volume on average. Theoretical optical calculations from the Mie code suggest that absorption cross section of individual OM-coated particles significantly increased when assuming the OM coating as light-absorbing brown carbon (BrC). The microscopic observations suggest that OM modulates the mixing structure of fine Arctic sulfate particles, which may determine their hygroscopicity and optical properties.
Organic aerosol source apportionment in Zurich using an extractive electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (EESI-TOF): Part II, biomass burning influences in winter
Authors: Qi Lu , Chen Mindong , Stefenelli Giulia , Pospisilova Veronika , Tong Yandong , Bertrand Amelie , Hueglin Christoph , Ge Xinlei , Baltensperger Urs , Prévôt André S. H. , Slowik Jay G.
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Real-time, in situ molecular composition measurements of the organic fraction of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) remain challenging, hindering a full understanding of the climate impacts and health effects of PM2.5. In particular, the thermal decomposition and ionization-induced fragmentation affecting current techniques has limited a detailed investigation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA), which typically dominates OA. Here we deploy a novel extractive electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer (EESI-TOF-MS) during winter 2017 in downtown Zurich, Switzerland, which overcomes these limitations, together with an Aerodyne high resolution time of flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-TOF-AMS) and supporting instrumentation. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) implemented within the Multilinear Engine (ME-2) was applied to the EESI-TOF data to quantify the primary and secondary contributions to OA. An 11-factor solution was selected as the best representation of the data, including 5 primary and 6 secondary factors. Primary factors showed influence from cooking, cigarette smoke, biomass burning (2 factors) and a special local unknown event occurred only during two nights. Secondary factors were affected by biomass burning (3 factors, distinguished by temperature and/or wind direction), organonitrates, monoterpene oxidation, and undetermined regional processing, in particular the contributions of wood combustion. While the AMS attributed slightly over half the OA mass to SOA but did not identify its source, the EESI-TOF showed that most (> 70 %) of the SOA derived from biomass burning. Together with significant contributions from less aged biomass burning factors identified by both AMS and EESI-TOF, this firmly establishes biomass burning as the single most important contributor to OA mass at this site during winter. High correlation was obtained between EESI-TOF and AMS PMF factors where specific analogues existed, as well as between total signal and POA/SOA apportionment. This suggests the EESI-TOF apportionment can be approximately taken at face value, despite ion-by-ion differences in relative sensitivity. The apportionment of specific ions measured by the EESI-TOF (e.g. levoglucosan, nitrocatechol, and selected organic acids), and utilize a cluster analysis-based approach to identify key marker ions for the EESI-TOF factors are investigated. The interpretability of the EESI-TOF results and improved source separation relative to the AMS within this pilot campaign validate the EESI-TOF as a promising approach to source apportionment and atmospheric composition research.
Retrieval of convective available potential energy from INSAT-3D measurements: comparison with radiosonde data and their spatial–temporal variations
Authors: Murali Krishna Uriya Veerendra , Das Subrata Kumar , Uma Kizhathur Narasimhan , Pandithurai Govindan
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Convective available potential energy (CAPE) is a measure of the amount of
energy available for convection in the atmosphere. The satellite-derived data
over the ocean and land are used for a better understanding of the atmospheric
stability indices. In this work, an attempt is made for the first time to
estimate CAPE from high spatial and temporal resolution measurements of the
INSAT-3D over the Indian region. The estimated CAPE from the INSAT-3D is
comprehensively evaluated using radiosonde derived CAPE and ERA-Interim CAPE.
The evaluation shows that the INSAT-3D CAPE reasonably correlated with the
radiosonde derived CAPE; however, the magnitude of CAPE shows higher values.
Further, the distribution of CAPE is studied for different instability
conditions (different range of CAPE values) during different seasons over the
Indian region. In addition, the diurnal and seasonal variability in CAPE is
also investigated at different geographical locations to understand the
spatial variability with respect to different terrains.
University of Warsaw Lagrangian Cloud Model (UWLCM) 1.0: a
modern Large-Eddy Simulation tool for warm cloud modeling with
Lagrangian microphysics
Authors: Dziekan Piotr , Waruszewski Maciej , Pawlowska Hanna
Published: February 2019

Abstract. A new anelastic large-eddy simulation model with an Eulerian dynamical core and a Lagrangian particle-based microphysics is presented. The dynamical core uses the MPDATA advection scheme and the generalized conjugate residual pressure solver, while the microphysics scheme is based on the Super-Droplet Method. Algorithms for coupling of the Lagrangian microphysics with the Eulerian dynamics are presented, including spatial and temporal discretizations and a condensation sub-stepping algorithm. The model is free of numerical diffusion in the droplet size spectrum. Activation of droplets is modeled explicitly, making the model less sensitive to local supersaturation maxima than models in which activation is parametrised. Simulations of a drizzling marine stratocumulus give results in agreement with other LES models. Relatively low number of computational particles is sufficient to obtain the correct averaged properties of a cloud. High computational performance is achieved thanks to the use of GPU accelerators.
Numerical issues of the Total Exchange Flow (TEF) analysis framework for quantifying estuarine circulation
Authors: Lorenz Marvin , Klingbeil Knut , MacCready Parker , Burchard Hans
Published: February 2019

Abstract. For more than a century, estuarine exchange flow has been quantified by means of the Knudsen relations which connect bulk quantities such as inflow and outflow volume fluxes and salinities. These relations are closely linked to estuarine mixing. The recently developed Total Exchange flow (TEF) which uses salinity coordinates to calculate these bulk quantities allows an exact formulation of the Knudsen relations in realistic cases. There are however numerical issues, since the original method does not converge to the TEF bulk values for an increasing number of salinity classes. In the present study, this problem is investigated and the method of dividing salinities, described by MacCready et al. (2018), is mathematically introduced. A challenging yet compact analytical scenario for a well-mixed estuarine exchange flow is investigated for both methods, showing the proper convergence of the dividing salinity method. Furthermore, the dividing salinity method is applied to model results of the Baltic Sea to demonstrate the analysis of realistic exchange flows and exchange flows with more than two layers.
Spatio-temporal variability and decadal trends of snowmelt processes on Antarctic sea ice observed by satellite scatterometers
Authors: Arndt Stefanie , Haas Christian
Published: February 2019

Abstract. The timing and intensity of snowmelt processes on sea ice are key drivers determining the seasonal sea-ice energy and mass budgets. In the Arctic, satellite passive microwave and radar observations have revealed a trend towards an earlier snowmelt onset during the last decades, which is an important aspect of Arctic amplification and sea ice decline. Around Antarctica, snowmelt on perennial ice is weak and very different than in the Arctic, with most snow surviving the summer. Here we compile time series of snowmelt-onset dates on seasonal and perennial Antarctic sea ice from 1992 to 2014/15 using active microwave observations from European Remote Sensing Satellite (ERS-1/2), Quick Scatterometer (QSCAT) and Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) radar scatterometers. We define two snowmelt transition stages: A weak backscatter rise indicating the initial warming and metamorphism of the snowpack (pre-melt), followed by a rapid backscatter rise indicating the onset of thaw-freeze cycles (snowmelt). Results show large interannual variability with an average pre-melt onset date of 29 November and melt onset of 10 December, respectively, on perennial ice, without any significant trends over the study period, consistent with the small trends of Antarctic sea ice extent. There was a latitudinal gradient from early snowmelt onsets in mid-November in the northern Weddell Sea to late (end-December) or even absent snowmelt conditions in the southern Weddell Sea. We show that QSCAT Ku-band (13.4 GHz signal frequency) derived pre-melt and snowmelt onset dates are earlier by 25 and 11 days, respectively, than ERS and ASCAT C-band (5.6 GHz) derived dates. This offset has been considered when constructing the time series. Snowmelt onset dates from passive microwave observations (37 GHz) are later by 13 and 5 days than those from the scatterometers, respectively. Based on these characteristic differences between melt onset dates observed by different microwave wavelengths, we developed a conceptual model which illustrates how the evolution of seasonal snow temperature profiles affects different microwave bands with different penetration depths. These suggest that future multi-frequency active/passive microwave satellite missions could be used to resolve melt processes throughout the vertical snow column.
Indoor Air Quality in Steel Making Industries
Authors: Al-Zboon Kamel K. , Forton Osric Tening
Published: February 2019

Steel making industry is one of the major contributors to the global environmental catastrophes including climate change, photochemical smog and depletion of the ozone layer. Emissions from steel making process result in health impacts on workers and the neighboring communities. This study aimed to investigate indoor air quality in a steel making industry in Saudi Arabia. Indicative pollutants, SO2, NOx, CO, CO2, O3, PM10 and PM2.5 were measured at eight locations across the factory. The obtained results indicated that loading, melting, slag pouring and casting stages are the major sources of indoor air pollution. In comparison with the ambient air, indoor concentrations increased up to: 13.50, 9.8, 1.29, 2.7, 15.6, times for SO2, NOx, CO2, VOCs, O3, respectively. Periodical medical check, pollution control, using of uncontaminated scrap, compliance with H&S regulations, are the key factors in reducing indoor emissions and subsequently improve occupational health.
A usage-based alternative to “lexicalization” in sign language linguistics
Authors: Lepic Ryan
Published: February 2019

The usage-based framework considers linguistic structure to be emergent from how human languages are used, and shaped by domain-general cognitive processes. This paper appeals to the cognitive processes of chunking, entrenchment, and routinization to explore a usage-based alternative to the structuralist notion of lexicalization, as it has traditionally been used in sign language linguistics. This exploration shows that chunking, entrenchment, and routinization are useful for re-contextualizing three “lexicalization” phenomena sign language linguistics: multiword expressions, fingerspelled words, and morphologically complex signs. An advantage of the usage-based approach for linguistic theory and description is that it anticipates the existence of linguistic constructions that exhibit analyzable internal structure and holistic properties simultaneously. This alternate framing alleviates the burden for sign language linguists to determine whether or not linguistic constructions have become “lexicalized”, and instead directs analysts to focus on the degree to which linguistic constructs are established in any language user’s mental representation of their language.
My Music
Authors: Koskoff Ellen
Published: February 2019

In this time of political, social, and disciplinary contention and competition, I wish to explore an important link that can bind us together, no matter our gender, race, age, musical tastes, or political leanings. That link is music and the magical feeling of becoming the music as we listen to and experience the music we love. In this talk, I examine certain pieces of music that have been important to me over the course of my life, music that has led me into meaningful personal and professional directions, with the hope that it will trigger memories of “your music” and the enchantment this gift brings to our lives.
On the Politics of Folk Song Theory in Edwardian England
Authors: Cole Ross
Published: February 2019

This article explores how and why a particular vision of folk song became widely popular during the early twentieth century. Focusing on Cecil J. Sharp, I show that despite severe criticism from contemporaries, his beliefs won out as the dominant paradigm for the understanding of folk music. Interrogating the politics of his theorizing, moreover, I draw out the hitherto neglected imbrications between folk revivalism and fascist ideology. Seen as dialectical tools capable of reforming citizens through the expressive contours of their racial birthright, I argue, collected songs and dances were repurposed in the service of forging a national socialist consciousness.
Haiti’s Drums and Trees: Facing Loss of the Sacred
Authors: Dirksen Rebecca
Published: February 2019

The tanbou (drums) are routinely imagined at the center of Haitian experience and provide necessary access to the spiritual forces of the universe. Yet deforestation and climate change have seriously threatened the trees from which these instruments are made. The life story of octogenarian drummaker Charles Charlesine presents an opportunity to explore how shifts in the environment are triggering shifts that irrevocably alter a form of cultural heritage that many regard as crucial to Haitian society. This study presents an opportunity to ask, How are Haitians confronting apparent loss of the sacred, with particular regard to the tanbou and trees?
SYSTEM FACET5 AS AN INSTRUMENT IN MANAGING VARIOUS TYPES OF PROFESSIONAL PERSONALITY OF EMPLOYEES
Authors: Wróbel Magdalena , Zimmer Tomasz
Published: February 2019

The paper considers the Facet5 system used in the management of diverse type of professional personalities of employees. For this purpose, the Big Five model used in personality tests was presented. The paper also outlines the personality tests using the Facet5 system and subsystems of Facet5 what enable management of diverse types of professional personalities of employees. In the article, there are used an analysis of the subject literature and the Facet5 system as employee personality tests instrument
WAGES AND BENEFITS FOR EMPLOYEES AS THE COST OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors: Grabiec Olimpia , Bednarczyk Joanna
Published: February 2019

The article deals with issues related to remuneration and benefits for employees, which were presented as the cost of the enterprise. Authors of this publication presented the theoretical approach to issues related to remuneration as well as the results of own research regarding remuneration in terms of the cost of an enterprise on the example of a leasing company. The main objective of the study is to analyze the costs of remuneration and benefits from the point of view of the total costs of the enterprise.
FROM SILO APPROACH TO RISK PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT – A NEW WAY OF ANALYZING RISK IN AN ENTERPRISE
Authors: Przetacznik Sylwia
Published: February 2019

The paper presents the concept of risk portfolio management – a holistic approach to risk analysis. It summarizes current state of knowledge regarding examined topic. Assessment of the suitability of portfolio management approach in the enterprise risk management was based on review of the subject literature. The author makes an attempt to confirm the hypothesis of risk portfolio management being a necessary and key part of proper enterprise risk management. The first section of the article provides a brief overview of the evolution of risk management. In the succeeding sections, descriptions of two latest risk management approaches:
the traditional, silo risk management and the Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) approach are followed by a presentation of the risk portfolio management concept, which is compared to stock portfolio management. The paper focuses on the kinds of dependencies between certain risks which should be particularly considered and the ways in which portfolio analysis can be used to enhance a company’s understanding of its risks and enable it to make better management decisions. The last section of this paper presents potential effects of the implementation of the portfolio approach, focusing on benefits of portfolio management
in a company’s activities.
THE APPLICATION OF AUGMENTED REALITY IN MARKETING
Authors: Bekus Tomasz
Published: February 2019

On the basis of the analysis of the source literature, the article tackled the subject of Augmented Reality as a modern marketing tool. To begin with, the presumptions were diagnosed which constitute the proof of the increasing significance of this technology. Then it Was defined what Augmented Reality is, as well as its functionality Was presented. In the further part of the text, the selected examples of the practical application of AR, as well as their usage in marketing activity, were provided. Moreover, a case study Was presented in which the application of Mobile Augmented Reality Systems (MARS) Was discussed in a broader way on the example of mobile applications. The article concludes with a vision of the further development of Augmented Reality in the marketing aspect
PRACTICAL QFD METHOD APPLICATION IN PRODUCT QUALITY IMPROVEMENT
Authors: Jamróz Andrzej
Published: February 2019

QFD method is presented in this article along with its origin and possibilities as well as its scope of application. The method was used to test the product which was a single- family house with one-car garage. The test was based on a specific task prepared for developer company for the needs of the market. Thanks to QFD method, used at the stage of product designing, it is possible to plan, build and correct some elements of the building in order to meet all needs and expectations of the potential client. Similar studies including many different cases, but referring to large housing estates may also be conducted.
A linguagem alegórica e a poesia épica cristã
Authors: Adriano Filho José
Published: February 2019

Os métodos alegóricos de interpretação comuns à tradição literária greco-romana foram adaptados às Escrituras Judaicas durante os primeiros séculos da era cristã. A emergência gradual da exegese cristã neste período depende de mudanças de perspectivas mais amplas e mais profundas, associadas com três movimentos que se cruzam: judaico, platônico e gnóstico. Neste período, diante influência do cristianismo, ocorreu também a difusão da alegoria na épica e a interpretação alegórica em gêneros não épicos no contexto cristão ou pelo menos em contextos influenciados pelo Cristianismo. Considerando isto, este artigo apresenta a obra Psicomaquia de Prudentius (348-405 d.C.), um poema épico alegórico cristão que descreve uma série de batalhas entre virtudes e vícios em torno do domínio da alma humana, isto é, a vida humana traduzida como luta trágica entre o bem e o mal. A prática de introduzir personagens narrativas na épica, cujos nomes representam qualidades abstratas e cujas ações podem ser comparadas às ações dos heróis ou deuses, era um motivo épico comum explorado na literatura greco-romana.
A poética e a linguagem religiosa em Paul Ricoeur
Authors: Santos Ivanaldo Oliveira , Pacheco Marcio Lima
Published: February 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é traçar como, no pensamento de Paul Ricœur, a narração e a sua especificidade da linguagem religiosa permeiam um acontecimento in illo tempore que dá ao ser humano uma orientação temporal que carrega um acontecimento passado para um futuro que, em certo sentido, é preenchido pela esperança e, com isto, coroando o esforço do existir do ser humano. O artigo fundamenta-se principalmente nas obras de Ricœur, tais como: O conflito das interpretações, A hermenêutica bíblica, Manifestation et Proclamation e Do texto à ação. Discute-se a questão de, em Ricœur, a linguagem religiosa oferecer a garantia do acolhimento da revelação como palavra inacessível e, com isso, faz com que o ser humano decida por essa como um dom gratuito. Ela redescreve a realidade. Um processo realizado por meio da linguagem metafórica e simbólica. Neste sentido, o símbolo tem um sentido que pode ser reapropriado por quem o interpreta. Por fim, afirma-se que, em Ricœur, o texto sagrado, especificamente o texto bíblico, é uma janela aberta, uma possibilidade tanto do processo ético de nomeação de Deus como também da abertura e da complexidade poética da construção do texto.
Passos levinasianos rumo à evasão da teologia ocidental
Authors: Rosa Luis Carlos Dalla
Published: February 2019

Este artigo abre espaço para discutir a relação entre teologia e ontologia, a partir da ética da alteridade de Emmanuel Lévinas. Trata-se de analisar e compreender o movimento de êxodo ou de evasão ética em relação à força ontológica, ao peso do ser, que impacta também à teologia. O sujeito, exposto à aventura do ser, é alguém cativo de si mesmo. Por outro lado, cabe refletir sobre algumas possíveis repercussões teológicas que emergem da epifania do rosto do/a Outro/a. Pois, embora Lévinas trilhe mais pelo caminho da filosofia, sua obra se deixa conduzir pela sabedoria bíblico-talmúdica. De modo que há, na ética levinasiana, um ressoar do teológico, uma espécie de ferida que lateja e testemunha um vestígio, um eco do Infinito no rosto da viúva, do órfão e do estrangeiro. A entrada de um/a Outro/a anuncia o tempo da esperança quando aparentemente já não há mais esperança.  Então, o milagre que salva o mundo, anúncio de uma boa-nova que comunica o Verbo que se fez carne. Essa é também possibilidade do bem, da exposição – hospitalidade – do eis-me aqui e, então, envia-me.
3D-Druck trifft auf Urheber- und Patentrecht
Authors: Probst Sophia
Published: February 2019

This work presents 3D printing technology, including its technical aspects, identifies problem areas in its existing legal framework and, by means of typifying interpretation, incorporates it into the context of copyright and patenting law. It not only focuses on the interpretation and application of copyright and patenting legislation, but also takes a legal policy perspective on the further development of these two areas of law. Against this background, it applies a ‘more technological approach’ to intellectual property law, which takes account of the changing reality in this regard as a result of new technological possibilities.
Arbeitsunfall 4.0
Authors: Aumann Annemarie
Published: February 2019

Digitisation and tertiarisation have made it difficult to categorise activities as private or work-related. The two notions that have traditionally been used to make that distinction – i.e. place of work and working time – are losing their importance. An increasing number of employees are subject to the phenomenon of blurred boundaries: They set their own hours, work from home or on-the-go. German Social Accident Insurance, however, determines the question of coverage on the allocation of the accident to either the work sphere or the private sphere of the aggrieved party.
The book explores the extent to which it is necessary to modernise the way risks are allocated in order to not discriminate against those who have jobs outside of traditional parameters and discusses whether it is still adequate to base allocation mechanisms on the principles of the employers’ business risk and duties of care.
By way of extensive dogmatic analysis and a comparison with other systems of risk allocation, the study proposes a modern take on allocating risks with just results for both employers and employees from all fields of work.
Theoretiker der Politik
Authors: Pfetsch Frank R.
Published: February 2019

Der Band bietet einen chronologischen Überblick über das Denken der wichtigsten Theoretiker der Politik von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart. Die 3. Auflage wurde durchgesehen und mit neueren Ansätzen, etwa zur Postdemokratie von Colin Crouch, aktualisiert. Zudem wurde ein eigenes Kapitel über Hannah Arendt hinzugefügt. Anhand des politischen Denkens der einzelnen Theoretiker der Politik werden das kulturelle Erbe Europas und seine historische Entwicklung nachgezeichnet.

Die vorgestellten Autoren kommen durch zentrale Zitate selbst zu Wort, ihre Positionen werden gegenwartsbezogen kommentiert. Zahlreiche Übersichten und Schaubilder erleichtern den Einstieg in die Theoriegeschichte der Politik. Das Standardwerk ist als umfassendes Hand- und Arbeitsbuch für Studienanfänger und Wissenschaftler gleichermaßen konzipiert.
Discipline in the Light of Alternative Ways of Educating Learners
Authors: Śliwerski Bogusław
Published: February 2019

Studie představuje analýzu konceptu kázně v alternativních školách ve světě. V rámci pedagogiky se dlouhodobě diskutuje problém role a místa kázně ve školním vzdělávání, jelikož existuje mnoho nedorozumění, protikladů a mýtů s tímto tématem spojených. Tento problém je většinou pojednáván fragmentárně nebo jednostranně podle toho, kdo je zastáncem jaká ideologie vzdělávání, tedy zda je proponent odpůrcem nebo zastáncem ukázňování žáků ve škole. Předkládaná studie se věnuje otázce, zda existuje rozdíl mezi názory a přístupy ve státních a alternativních školách. Navrhuji soustředit se na modely (ne)kázně ve škole podle toho, zda ji učitelé akceptují nebo ji naopak postrádají. Z předložených úvah na závěr dovozuji, že v dnešním globálním světě propojených významů, teorií, modelů, zkušeností a jednotlivých řešení nejsou alternativní školy příliš odlišné od některých škol státních.
A Framework for Building Safe and Effective School Environments: Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (PBIS)
Authors: Horner Robert H. , Macaya Manuel Monzalve
Published: February 2019

Školy po celém světě se snaží vytvářet bezpečné a efektivní učební prostředí. Neustálou výzvou je agrese studentů, jejich nekázeň a absence. Tradičním přístupem k problémovému chování byl trest a náprava. V poslední době se ale objevují možnosti charakteristické pozitivním, proaktivním a komplexním přístupem. Pozitivní intervence a podpora chování (Positive Behavioral Interventions and Support; PBIS) je jedním z možných rámců, které spojují celoškolní preventivní přístup a víceúrovňovou podporu chování. Tato studie shrnuje logiku a základní znaky PBIS, výzkumnou literaturu týkající se realizovatelnosti a efektivnosti PBIS a také poznatky z implementace PBIS na více než 26 000 školách v USA. Diskuse se pak soustředí na problémy spojené s adaptací programu v odlišném kulturním prostředí mimo USA a v různých sociálních kontextech.
Levels of training indicators in the annual training of young hockey players
Authors: Ozimek Mariusz
Published: February 2019

This paper presents means of control used in a competitive sport (ice hockey), including changes in aerobic and anaerobic capacity indicators between training periods.The study was carried out with 14 ice-hockey players (n=14), pupils at the Sport Championship School run by the Polish Ice Hockey Federation in Sosnowiec. Tests were performed in the early general preparation period (June), in the early competition period (November), and during the direct competition preparation period (March) preceding the main sporting event of the season – the Ice Hockey U-18 World Championship Division I Group B.The values of three of the four aerobic capacity indicators studied herein were the lowest in the direct preparation period and the highest in the early competition period.That the values of all anaerobic capacity indicators were the highest in the direct preparation period indicates that the study participants were well prepared for the specific demands of on-ice competition.
Motivace fanoušků fotbalu, hokeje a florbalu k návštěvě utkání profesionálních sportovních klubů
Authors: Jilka Michal , Racek Oldřich
Published: February 2019

The article deals with the motivation of consumers of professional sports clubs of football, hockey and floorball to visit matches. Despite the apparent small increase in long-term attendance in selected sports, the average number of visitors compared to foreign countries is significantly lower. The impact can have several aspects, ranging from the unattractive matches or the players who are playing for the club, the bad priced pricing policy of individual clubs, the lack of promotion of the match, etc. To find out the results, the questionnaire survey was used during the individual sports matches, processed and evaluated. It has been found that the most frequent motives for visiting sports matches of selected sports are primarily the people with whom the people go to the match and then the feeling of relaxation and the atmosphere associated with the given match. Ticket prices, even personalities and individuality who are playing for the club, don’t play a role in deciding process.
Možnosti využití teorie OPTIMAL ve školní tělesné výchově a výuce sportovních her
Authors: Peřinová Radka
Published: February 2019

The objectives of the prepared article are to give the readers a brief account of the main ideas and foundations stones of a relatively new theory of motor learning, OPTIMAL, formulated by Gabriele Wulf and Rebecca Lewthwait, and also to point out the possibility of its application in school physical education lessons, particularly in teaching sports games. The authors critically assess “traditional” teaching of new locomotor skills stressing the frequent neglect of the internal motivation of pupils and support for their autonomy. According to them, in traditional teaching practice, internal focus of attention is imposed on the pupils, i.e. concentration on the movements of the body or its parts. They claim that the result of such an approach is learning that is not sufficiently effective. On the contrary, they recommend that the teachers should consciously raise the pupils’ expectations, support the need for autonomy by their more active involvement in the teaching process and focus their attention externally, towards the goals of the task. It seems that the practical application of the OPTIMAL theory in school physical education lessons is feasible. It is, above, all the support for autonomy that follows the current trends. However, we expect high demands set on the organization of the teaching process and on the teachers themselves. Future testing in the school practice is necessary. The TGFU (Teaching Games for Understanding) didactic paradigm has been successfully used in teaching sports games for a number of years. Due to the similarity of some principles of the OPTIMAL theory and this paradigm, it is apparent that the new theory of motor learning could be successful, too, particularly in teaching the fundamentals of game skills in sports games. This assumption, however, should also become a subject of testing in the future.
Effect of post-activation potentiation by combining heavy squats and sprints on the countermovement long jump (Pilot study)
Authors: Králová Tereza , Vanderka Marian , Cacek Jan , Matura Matěj , Popelka Filip
Published: February 2019

Weightlifting heavy load exercises are commonly used as a key instrument for enhancing performance if compared to those not using the exercise stimulating muscle tone. Studies examined the post-activation effect (PAP) using only one parameter but not in consecutive and intermingling exercises to prolongated the time of the PAP effect duration and maintain increased performance. Nine male students, with resistance training experience, performed warm-up and exercises enhancing muscle tone (EEMT) using squats to 90° flexion in the knee joint with 80 % 1 RM (repetition maximum) in 3 sets with 3 repetitions of squat in each set (2-3 min. rest intervals). After EEMT they performed a 10-m sprint test in 2nd and 5th min, the countermovement long jump (CLJ) test in the 5th and 6th minute, a 10-m sprint test in the 10th and 11th minute and the CLJ test in the 12th and 14th minute. The results showed that the average improvement was in 10-m sprint after EEMT 0,013 ± 0,05 seconds, but there were no statistical differences observed between the result without and with EEMT (p>0.05). We observed a significant improvement between jumps without and with EEMT in 5 – 14th min (p<0.05). There were no statistical differences between the results in CLJ carried out in 5-6th min after EEMT and after two 10-m sprints and the results carried out in 12-14th min. after EEMT, four 10-m sprints and two jumps (p>0.05). It was found that 10-m sprint has no negative effect on performance in the long jump and could be regularly applied to prolong the PAP effect.
Srdeční frekvence sportovců s mentálním postižením během zápasů národního turnaje ve stolním tenise Českého hnutí speciálních olympiád: pilotní studie
Authors: Gimunová Marta , Válková Hana , Kalina Tomáš
Published: February 2019

Heart rate values are considered to be a significant indicator of individual fitness, intensity of exerciseand sympathetic activation. There are few studies in Czech literature focused on the heart rate in athleteswith intellectual disabilities. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of heart rateduring fifteen table tennis matches within the 23rd national tournament of the Czech Special OlympicsMovement. Ten participants (6 males, 4 females) who for at least 3 years train regularly and participatein table tennis competitions under the Special Olympics rules, were observed. Their heart rate wasmeasured using a sports tester Forerunner® 15, Garmin Ltd, which was fastened on the participant’schest during their game day. Heart rate values during the matches were statistically processed alongwith the matches’ duration and the resulting match scores. Correlation coefficients obtained from scatterplots show a statistically significant relationship of mean heart rate values during the match withthe resulting score, probably influenced by emotion and psychological stress associated with the matchloss. The effect of match duration on the heart rate was not statistically significant during observedmatches. Subsequent analysis of the body composition of the athletes showed that sixty percent ofthem were in the category of overweight or obesity. These results highlight the need to promote healthylifestyle and physical activity in the population with intellectual disabilities.
Kineziologická analýza odrazu při běhu na lyžích dvoudobým střídavým klasickou technikou a oboustranným odvratem (stromečkem)
Authors: Chrástková Martina , Novotný Petr O. , Kračmar Bronislav
Published: February 2019

The study brings the comparison of the representative coordination parameters during cross-countryskiing – classic technique-diagonal stride and herringbone. There was watched the kick in the comparativeanalysis because the kick is determinative for propulsion. The activation of selected muscles on thelegs during the skiing was monitored with surface electromyography. For the pinpoint of the boundarybetween two followed movement cycles, we used the synchronized accelerometer.The gained data was processed by SW Mega Win and MatLab and analysed by the progressivetriangle method and compared by ANOVA1. The monitored group was created by seven men whowere members of Czech Cross-Country Ski Team.Base on the monitored data we may presume the high level of the lateral similarity of cross-countryskiing classic technique and herringbone as well. The base of significant differences in the musclesactivation was found in the present the glide phase of movement cycle. The glide phase is very importantduring the diagonal stride cycle while the herringbone step is not contained any gliding. Duringhuman phylogenies, no animal uses any gliding so the gliding by the diagonal stride is not nature andthe man have to learn it.
Evaluation of the Level of Explosive Power of Lower Limbs of Juniors, Older and Younger Juvenile Players.
Authors: Konečný Jan
Published: February 2019

Abstract:The objective of the study was to determine and compare the level of explosive power of lower limbs of an RTC year-round training routine by taking measurements at the end of a pre-season period (June 2012) and at the peak of active season period (March 2013) before the Playoff peak season. The level of explosive abilities of lower limbs was diagnosed on the Fitro Force Plate. The study was focused on testing explosive-power abilities of both lower limbs, right and left leg. The fundamental objective of the study was to determine and assess the development of strength abilities of three age categories (juniors, older and younger juvenile players of SCM Kometa Group Brno). The results of the study suggest that the development of explosive-power-capabilities is influenced by variety of factors, such as biological age, training and game workload. Finally, during the testing period we found a statistically significant increase in explosive-power abilities in the age category of young juvenile, which we consider to be a key finding.