bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a personalized device for the study of masticatory and temporal muscles in patients with TMJ dysfunction
Authors: Apresyan Samvel V. , Stepanov Alexandr G. , Borodina Irina D. , Kiryushin Maksim A.
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: The current gold standard for diagnosing a masticatory muscle condition is electromyography (EMG). This method allows us to evaluate the bioelectric potential of the muscle selected for diagnosis, bioelectric rest, the average amplitude of the biopotentials, the time of one chewing cycle, and the number of chewing movements performed. EMG is used in dental practice, and the electrodes are attached to the skin with glue or an electrically conductive gel. Installation often takes a long time and the reliability of the results decreases due to the movement of the sensors. Furthermore, when conducting several EMG studies on a patient at various stages of treatment, the motor point may not be in the same place, suggesting that the data obtained and any comparisons are inaccurate.
AIM: To design and develop a personalized device for performing masticatory muscle EMG with accurate repetition.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Analysis of information in the literature made it possible to develop and produce a device for conducting EMG.
RESULTS: The technical result was a simplification of the methodology, including improved fixation of the sensors, which reduced the EMG time, and the ability to repeat the study at various stages of a patients treatment.
CONCLUSION: This device and EMG method provide a simplified way to obtain an accurate result in a shorter time. Thus, the data obtained would be representative if the study was repeated.
Employment rate and economic growth: The case of transition countries
Authors: Tica Josip , Viljevac Viktor , Matić Matija
Published: July 2023

This paper investigates the effects of the employment rate on economic growth during the transition process. We start with the mainstream growth econometrics approach that controls for convergence and, in order to control for heterogeneity of countries in our sample, we control our estimates for transition-specific indicators such as initial conditions (pre-transition history), governance quality, privatisation methods as well as various indicators of institutional development. We use a wide range of model specifications using fixed effects as well as Bayesian averaging to address the problem of model uncertainty in 24 countries during the 1995-2019 period. Contrary to the neoclassical growth model assumptions, we find that the employment rate is one of the most important growth factors even after three decades. Results also indicate that convergence (initial level of development) robustly explains a part of cross-country growth rate differentials, while the effects of the initial conditions (pre-transition history) are robust, but fade out after the first decade. We do not find evidence that physical capital and population growth explain the growth in our sample.
Valores de referencia de estudios de electromiografía de los músculos masetero y temporal
Authors: Rozo Albarracín Andersson Lufandt
Published: July 2023

Los músculos masetero y temporal tienen mucha relevancia en el proceso de masticación; además, suelen verse afectados con enfermedades mioarticulares, neurológicas, entre otras. El objetivo de este estudio es presentar los resultados de electromiografía con electrodo de aguja de los músculos masetero y temporal al momento de la masticación, evaluando los parámetros en amplitud y duración de los potenciales obtenidos. Se tomaron veintiséis individuos con previa valoración de odontología que descartaba  alteraciones congénitas, defectos de la masticación y con dinamometría normal en momento de mayor oclusión, a los cuales se les realizó electromiografía de aguja en los músculos masetero y temporal en la máxima oclusión; los resultados fueron analizados bajo el estudio de los valores de amplitud máxima y mínima, así como duración ubicando en percentiles y cuadriles, buscando determinar valores que puedan considerarse normales en esta muestra. Al estudiar el músculo temporal se encontró que la duración normal se encuentra entre 4,75 y 6,487 mseg, mientras que la amplitud se encontraría entre 1572,05 uV y 1038,03 uV; en el caso del músculo masetero, se evidenció que la duración normal se encuentra entre 4,03 y 6,767 mseg, mientras que la amplitud se encontraría entre 2838,43 uV y 1864,635 uV. Este estudio da a conocer valores propios para nuestra población en lo que respecta a duración y amplitud de los potenciales de acción de unidad motora de los músculos temporal y masetero, los cuales concuerdan con los establecidos previamente como normales. En estudios previos realizados en otras partes del mundo, se encontró que la duración es menor que en las extremidades, pero la amplitud es similar, aunque con tendencia a valores inferiores al promedio.
Exhibiting of tomato breeding characteristics on different types of low-volume technology
Authors: Eroshevskaya A. S.
Published: July 2023

The comparative test of experimental F1 tomato hybrids was conducted under conditions of two different types of low-volume technology (MPVI "Fitopiramida", technology of growing in mats with drip irrigation) in 2021. The conducted researches have shown that duration of interphase periods, level of yield and fruit quality depend on cultivation technology. According to the data obtained, in conditions of MPVI "Fitopiramida" all studied F1 tomato hybrids enter fruiting faster and provide higher yield compared to the technology of growing in mats, but are inferior in average fruit weight, soluble dry matter content and taste qualities. As perspective F1 tomato hybrids for "Fitopiramida" technology hybrids Ga62(2) and Ga21, submitted for registration to Gossortcommission, were identified. On low-volume technology in mats hybrid Ga27a showed the best result. A strong correlation was found between estimates of the signs "average fruit weight" (r = 0,93) and "soluble dry matter content" (r = 0,81). It is possible to conduct preliminary selections in conditions of low-volume technology in mats according to these signs. For the most reliable assessment and accurate selection of the most perspective tomato hybrids for "Fitopiramida" technology their testing on hydroponic installations is required.
Priority directions of modern breeding of vegetable peas (Pisum sativum L.)
Authors: Kaigorodova I. M. , Kotlyar I. P. , Ushakov V. A. , Engalycheva I. A. , Kozar E. G.
Published: July 2023

Over the years, breeders around the world have made significant changes to the architecture of plants of vegetable pea varieties. The changes made were aimed at increasing, first of all, the yield. New varieties should have an optimal combination of plant height, the number of productive nodes and increased resistance to lodging. Having achieved certain results, breeders find ways to improve the culture, further improving its economically valuable features. The article highlights the priority directions in the selection of vegetable peas in the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Vegetable Center»(FSBSI FSVC), which are directly related to modern market requirements, and considers the specific factors encountered in breeding work, in the production sector and seed practice. Within the framework of import substitution and the achievement of food security of the country, the scientists of the center are intensively working to create new generation varieties: highly productive (by increasing the number of beans at the node and the number of seeds in the bean), suitable for mechanized harvesting (by obtaining appropriate morphotypes with increased stem strength or modified leaf shape) and with high quality indicators of green peas. There is also a constant selection for resistance to abiotic and biotic environmental factors that have been changing in recent years, both in the country and around the world. The article presents the main achievements obtained thanks to the experience and knowledge of the leading breeders of the center, specialists in seed production and production, as well as specialists in the field of plant immunity. Thus, selectively valuable forms with high productivity (up to 30 beans and more than 150 seeds per plant) were obtained, a variety with high resistance to lodging due to the strength of the stem was obtained. Work is underway to create varieties with high quality green peas and resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses.
Perspective varieties of sweet pepper for the conditions of the Lower Volga region
Authors: Gulin A. V. , Kigashpayeva O. P. , Mukanov M. V. , Dzhabrailova V. Yu.
Published: July 2023

The article presents the results of experimental research on the search, study and use of qualitatively new traits of varieties and lines of sweet pepper that can complement the existing assortment of crops and ensure the import substitution of foreign varieties and hybrids in domestic vegetable seed production.The purpose of the work. The aim of the research was to create new competitive varieties of sweet pepper to expand the range of crops in the framework of the development of domestic seed production.Methods. Scientific breeding work on the research topic was carried out by the Department of Breeding and Seed Production of the VNIIOOB-branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution "PAFSC RAS" in 2020-2022 as part of the implementation of the State task on the experimental field of the Institute (Kamyzyak, Astrakhan region) according to generally accepted methods. In the experiments, the zonal agrotechnology of crop cultivation, recommended for irrigated agriculture in the Lower Volga region, was used. The objects of research were 7 promising samples of sweet pepper. The zoned varieties of sweet pepper "Gift of Moldova" and "Gift of the Caspian" were used as a standard.Results. The article presents the results of a study of economically valuable qualities and traits of breeding lines and new varieties of sweet pepper "Zarnitsa" and "Prince Caspian" VNIIOOB breeding. The sweet pepper variety Zarnitsa was created and entered in 2023 in the State Register of Breeding Achievements Approved for Use in the Russian Federation. Mid-season (118-120 days), characterized by early and amicable setting and ripening of fruits of an even, cone-shaped shape with a light green color in the technical and red in the biological phase of ripening. The average fruit weight is 150-160 g, fruit wall thickness is 0.5-0.6 cm, fruit yield is 55-60 t/ha, marketability is up to 93%. The sweet pepper variety Prince Caspian was created and submitted for state variety testing in 2022. Mid-season (120-125 days), prism-shaped fruits with green color in technical and red color in biological maturity. The average fruit weight is 175-180 g, the average fruit wall thickness is 0.7 cm, the average yield is 52-53 t/ha, the fruit marketability is up to 95%. As a result of the research, a promising breeding line SL - 154/20 with large cube-shaped fruits weighing 184 g and a wall thickness of up to 0.8 cm has been identified. Recommended for fresh consumption, canning and home cooking.Conclusion. The introduction of new varieties of sweet pepper into production will contribute to import substitution and food independence of the state.
The Innovative use of modified vacuum dressing in post vulvectomy wound
Authors: Adam MA , Lebese RP , Mbodi L
Published: July 2023

We present a case of a patient who had a vulvectomy for large genital warts that could not be primarily closed but was successfully managed with a modified approach of the vacuum dressing until it was closed, allowed to heal, with a cosmetically acceptable outcome to the satisfaction of both the team and the patient.
Child and adolescent mental health and social psychiatry
Authors: Awhangansi Sewanu , O'Reilly Michelle , Archard Philip John
Published: July 2023

This article stages a discussion on the role of social psychiatry in present-day child and adolescent mental health care. Taking a broad perspective, it considers the growing demand for mental health services for children and young people and how social psychiatry can be situated in the current framework of psychiatry as a medical specialty as well as within child and adolescent mental health care provision more widely. Avenues available to expand social psychiatry’s reach and impact in the field of child and adolescent mental health are also addressed.
Descending thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair using deep hypothermic circulatory arrest
Authors: Troncone Michael J. , Hong Jonathan C.
Published: July 2023

Descending thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic replacement is a complex and high-risk surgery. Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) is a surgical technique that is useful in large distal aortic arch aneurysms or chronic dissections that require fenestration where proximal cross clamping would be difficult. It can also be used as part of a multimodal strategy for end-organ protection. However, DHCA has potential adverse effects on the myocardial, cerebral, pulmonary, and coagulation systems. The use of DHCA is guided by the experience and preferences of the surgical team as well as the technical demands of the proposed surgery.
Using Wash’Em to design handwashing programmes for crisis-affected populations in Zimbabwe: A Process Evaluation
Authors: Thorseth Astrid Hasund , Lamb Jennifer , Mavodza Constancia Vimbayi , Tembo Mandikudza , Mushangari Anesu Petra , Zinyandu Eddington , Heath Thomas , White Sian
Published: July 2023

Wash’Em is a process that supports humanitarians in assessing and designing rapid but context-specific hygiene programmes in crises or outbreaks. The process consists of training implementers, using tools to learn from populations, and entering findings into a software which generates contextualised activities. A process evaluation of Wash’Em use was conducted in a drought-affected area in Midland province, Zimbabwe. Data was collected during the programme design and following implementation, using a mix of qualitative methods. Findings were classified against the intended stages of Wash’Em, and the evaluation domains were defined by the UKRI Medical Research Council. The Wash’Em process was not fully implemented as intended. An abridged training was utilised, some of the tools for learning from populations were omitted, many of the recommended activities were not implemented, the delivery modalities were different from intended, the budget available was minimal, and the number of people exposed to activities were fewer than hoped. Despite these ‘on the ground’ challenges and adaptations, the Wash’Em process was considered feasible by implementers and was seen to be less top-down than most programme design approaches. The populations exposed to the intervention found the activities engaging, understood the content, and reportedly took action to improve handwashing behaviour.
Condition Recognition Method with Information Granulation for Burden Distribution in Blast Furnace
Authors: Huang Yuanfeng , Du Sheng , Hu Jie , Pedrycz Witold , Wu Min
Published: July 2023

The operating conditions influence the stability and consumption of a blast furnace. Recognizing these conditions makes changing the burden distribution parameters more efficient. The cooling stave temperature (CST) is a crucial state parameter that indicates the conditions of the process. Owing to the high data volume of the CST and the lack of methods for recognizing the stability of the slag crust, it is difficult for operators to recognize the conditions accurately according to the CST during the ironmaking process. Thus, in this study, a condition recognition method with information granulation for burden distribution in a blast furnace was presented. First, information granulation was employed to reduce the volume of the CST data and present it in a granular form. Then, considering the lack of a method for calculating the similarity of CST information granules, a novel fuzzy similarity calculation method was devised to calculate the membership grades of information granules belonging to different standard granules. Finally, the conditions were recognized according to the membership values. Experimental results based on industrial data demonstrated that the proposed method can be used to recognizes the conditions in the blast furnace.
A Sufficient Condition on Polynomial Inequalities and its Application to Interval Time-Varying Delay Systems
Authors: Liu Meng , He Yong , Jiang Lin
Published: July 2023

This article examines the stability problem of systems with interval time-varying delays. In the derivation of Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional (LKF), non-convex higher-degree polynomials may arise with respect to interval time-varying delays, making it difficult to determine the negative definiteness of LKF’s derivative. This study was conducted to obtain stability conditions that can be described as linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). By considering the idea of matrix transition and introducing the delay-dependent augmented vector, a novel higher-degree polynomial inequality is proposed under the condition that the lower bound of the polynomial function variable is non-zero, which encompasses the existing lemmas as its special cases. Then, benefiting from this inequality, a stability criterion is derived in terms of LMIs. Finally, several typical examples are presented to verify the availability and strength of the stability condition.
Assessment of umbrella-shaped layout for trocar puncture in pure laparoscopic partial nephrectomy with retroperitoneal approach
Authors: Ma Zhen , Chen Fangmin , Yu Dahai , Li Kai , Li Song , Tang Shuai , Wang Qi , Shi Huiyuan
Published: July 2023

Background
Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) is one of the main methods for treating renal cancer. There are many types of puncture hole layouts, and umbrella layouts are less commonly used. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of retroperitoneal LPN with an umbrella-shaped layout for localized renal cell carcinoma.
Methods
Eighty patients with stage T1a renal cancer who were admitted to our hospital from May 2017 to March 2021 and underwent retroperitoneal LPN were selected. Patients were divided into two groups according to the position of the puncture hole: Trapezoidal layout group and umbrella-shaped layout group. Demographic and clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.
Results
The warm ischemia times, operative times, and amount of blood loss for the trapezoidal and umbrella-shaped layout groups were 19.8 min and 15.8 min, 96.9 min and 85.0 min, and 86.2 ml and 73.5 ml, respectively; the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The postoperative complication rates of the trapezoidal and umbrella-shaped layout groups were 20% (8/40) and 17.5% (7/40), respectively. The postoperative hospitalization periods of the trapezoidal and umbrella-shaped layout groups were 9.1 days and 8.9 days, respectively. At 6 months after surgery, the glomerular filtration rates (GFR) of the affected side of the trapezoidal and umbrella-shaped layout groups were decreased by 10.3 ml/min·1.73 m2 and 9.6 ml/min·1.73 m2; the differences were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). All pathological margins were negative. During postoperative follow-up, there was one case of recurrence in the trapezoidal layout group and no recurrence in the umbrella-shaped layout group.
Conclusion
The umbrella-shaped layout is safe and effective for retroperitoneal LPN and superior to the trapezoidal layout in terms of operative time, warm ischemia time, and blood loss.
Coblation revolving tonsillectomy with outside-in dissection: A modified tonsillectomy
Authors: Lou Zhengcai , Lou Zihan , lv tian , chen zhengnong
Published: July 2023

Objective
This study introduces a modified tonsillectomy procedure and evaluates the occurrence of intraoperative and postoperative hemorrhage using the new method.
Methods
Modified tonsillectomy, defined as coblation revolving tonsillectomy with outside-in dissection, was performed on 104 patients.
Results
This study enrolled 104 patients (62 males and 42 females), the average age was 23.6 ± 6.8 (range: 16–31) years. The reasons for the procedure were as follows: 58 (55.8%) due to tonsillar hypertrophy, 39 (37.5%) for recurrent tonsillitis, and 7 (6.7%) because of the presence of a benign tumor. The average operation time of bilateral surgery was 13.2 ± 1.9 min. No intraoperative bleeding was encountered in the tonsillar fossa in any of the patients. Pain intensity was 4.1 ± 1.6 on postoperative days 0, 3.9 ± 2.1 on postoperative days 1, and 2.8 ± 1.1 on postoperative days 2. No postoperative hemorrhage which required any additional intervention occurred. Also, no postoperative other complications were encountered.
Conclusions
Coblation revolving tonsillectomy with outside-in dissection may be effective and safe technique for reducing intraoperative and postoperative hemorrhage.
Interpreting the effects of firefly algorithm (FA) to optimize varying machine learning models for the prediction of rock joint shear strength
Authors: Wang Qiang , Qi Jiali , Wu Baixuan , Cheng Tao , Xie Yongjian , Nie Guihai , Zheng Yuqi , Chen Zeyang , Wu Kuanghuai , Fiorentini Nicholas , Huang Jiandong
Published: July 2023

To propose an effective and accurate model for the prediction of the shear strength of rock mass joint, the present study focuses on the comparison of different machine learning (ML) models, including the support vector machine (SVM), decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), K-nearest neighbors (KNN), and mixed logistic regression (MLR) models. The firefly algorithm (FA) was employed to tune the hyper-parameters of the ML algorithms, using the input parameters of the joint roughness, compressive strength, normal stress, and friction angle. The prediction performance showed that the developed model can effectively and reliably tune the hyper-parameters of the ML algorithm and arrive at the optimal structure to estimate the shear strength of the rock mass joint. Among the five ML algorithms aiming for the estimation of the shear strength, the root mean square error (RMSE) values (the training set is 0.08 and the testing set is 0.1854) of the SVM model are the lowest, and the correlation coefficient (R) values (the training set is 0.9861 and the testing set is 0.9457) are the highest, and there is no over-fitting in the prediction process. Response analysis shows that normal stress is the most influential coefficient affecting the rock mass joint shear strength, while compressive stress is the least.
The effect of a political crisis on performance of community- and state-managed forests in Madagascar
Authors: Neugarten Rachel , Rasolofoson Ranaivo , Barrett Christopher , Vieilledent Ghislain , Rodewald Amanda
Published: July 2023

Understanding the effectiveness of conservation interventions during times of political instability is important given how much of the world’s biodiversity is concentrated in politically fragile nations. We investigated the effect of a political crisis on the relative performance of community managed forests versus state-managed protected areas in terms of reducing deforestation in Madagascar, a biodiversity hotspot. We used remotely sensed data and statistical matching within an event study design to isolate the effect of the crisis and post-crisis period on performance. Annual rates of deforestation accelerated at the end of the crisis and were higher in community forests than in state-managed areas. After controlling for differences in location and other confounding variables, we found no difference in performance during the crisis, but community-managed forests performed worse in post-crisis years. These findings suggest that, as a political crisis subsides and deforestation pressures intensify, community-based conservation may be less resilient than state protection.
Allelopathic effects of tamarind husk, lemongrass and citronella residues to suppress emergence and early growth of some weeds
Authors: Sukkhaeng Siriphan , Promdang Somnuk , Saejiw Atinuch , Thanomchat Piyanan , Suwanwong Srisom
Published: July 2023

The allelopathic effects were evaluated of water extracts from tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) husk and from lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus Stapf.) or citronella (Cymbopogon nardus Rendle.) leaves on 2 test plants: ruzi grass (Brachiaria ruziziensis Germ. & C.M. Evrard) and popping pod (Ruellia tuberosa L.). In the laboratory, the seeds were subjected to the different extracts at concentrations of 0, 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 % (w/v). The number of germinated seeds was counted daily for 6 days. The shoot/root length was measured 5 days after sowing (DAS). The results showed that the aqueous extract of tamarind husk did not inhibit the germination of either ruzi grass or popping pod. The lemongrass and citronella extracts had higher inhibition effects at high concentrations and clearly delayed seed germination at 10 % (w/v). With the seedling growth bioassays of the 3 extracts, only the citronella extract at the highest concentration had any effect on the shoot/root lengths of ruzi grass. Popping pod was susceptible to all 3 extracts, especially the popping pod roots treated with lemongrass and citronella extracts. The lemongrass and citronella extracts caused cell death and induced lipid peroxidation in both plants. Therefore, the primary action of these extracts on seedling growth inhibition might have been related to the loss of cell viability and triggering lipid peroxidation in affected tissues. The residue incorporation bioassay determined the effects of residue mixed in soil at concentrations of 0, 2.5, 5 and 10 % (w/w) on the growth of ruzi grass and popping pod at 30 DAS. Both plants showed an adverse effect than for the control, based on reduced leaf numbers and greater chlorosis, especially with soil incorporation of the lemongrass and citronella residues at 10 % (w/w). Mixing soil with lemongrass and citronella leaves at 2.5 % (w/w) and above resulted in reductions in the shoot/root lengths and shoot/root biomass values. Catechin, gentisic acid, syringic acids, p-coumaric acid and ferulic acid were the dominant allelochemicals found in the lemongrass and citronella residues.
An Overview of the Anti-HIV Potential of Thiazolidinone Derivatives
Authors: Abid Fatma Mohamed A. , Salim Nurul Syahirah , Wahab Roswanira Abdul , Hashim Siti Ernieyanti , Sankaranarayanan Murugesan , Bhat Ajmal , Jamalis Joazaizulfazli
Published: July 2023

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the cause of acquired immunodeficiency syn-drome (AIDS), an immunosuppressive, life-threatening condition that frequently results in other potentially fatal opportunistic infections in affected patients. Despite advancements in anti-retro-viral therapy, AIDS remains the main reason for worldwide mortality. Although various anti-HIV drugs have profoundly enhanced the quality of life for AIDS patients, some patients develop re-sistance to the drugs, and the long-term anti-HIV treatments, and their adverse effects, prevail as major therapeutic failure causes. Therefore, concerted efforts by the scientific community are cru-cial to identifying new candidates for anti-HIV therapies. In this respect, the thiazolidinone moiety has acquired prominence in drug discovery and development due to its antifungal, antiviral, anti-depressant, anticancer, and antibacterial properties. This moiety also demonstrated significant anti-HIV activity as a core heterocycle or derivative of substituted heterocycles. To expedite the syn-thesis of more novel anti-HIV drugs containing a thiazolidinone nucleus, we compiled a list of thiazolidinone-containing previously documented anti-HIV compounds. We hope that this could serve as a guide for future researchers in their design of effective thiazolidine-containing com-pounds showing anti-HIV activity.
Caracterización y uso potencial de la vaina de Ebenopsis ebano para diseñar alternativas de aprovechamiento integral
Authors: Morales-Salvatierra Andrés , Rodríguez-Castillejos Guadalupe , Santiago Adame Rubén , Lizarazo-Ortega Cristian , Castillo-Ruíz Octelina , Ruíz-Salazar Régulo , Alvarado-Reyna Sofía
Published: July 2023

El árbol del ébano (Ebenopsis ebano (Berl.) Britton et Rose) tiene como fruto una vaina conocida, las semillas dentro de la vaina tienen un alto contenido proteico. Pese a su amplia distribución y cantidad en el noreste de México, no se ha registrado algún uso para la vaina, convirtiéndose en un residuo. Por ello, el objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar las propiedades físicas, químicas y funcionales de la vaina de ébano y generar información útil a las comunidades para el aprovechamiento integral de árbol como suplemento en alimentación animal, fermentaciones industriales o fuente de antioxidantes. Se encontró que la vaina tuvo longitud promedio de 10.16 cm, diámetro de 14.85 cm, ancho de 0.54 cm y peso de 5.19 g En cuanto a las características físicas y proximales, la absorción de agua fue de 50%, absorción de aceite 1.89%, densidad 0.53 g/cm3. Los parámetros de color fueron L* 56.6, a* 8.07, b* 26.78, mientras que el contenido proximal fue 2.40% humedad, 30.9% cenizas, 0.56% grasa, 47.7% fibra, 45.2 carbohidratos y 1% proteína. Se encontró también que la máxima concentración de xilosa (33.8 g) se obtuvo con 6% de H2SO4.  Los resultados indican que este residuo puede utilizarse como fuente de fibra para suplementación animal, o bien aprovechar la xilosa para medios de cultivo económicos a escala industrial o, incluso, la obtención de polifenoles a partir de extractos orgánicos.
Therapeutic aspects of biologically potent vanillin derivatives: A critical review
Authors: Senthil Kumar Raju , Naveena Sundhararajan , Praveen Sekar , Yogadharshini Nagalingam
Published: July 2023

4-hydroxy 3-methoxy benzaldehyde (Vanillin) is an aromatic phenolic aldehyde with unique chemical properties and pharmacological impact. Because of its potent nature, it acts as a lead for drug discovery and development techniques. Heterocyclic compounds with vanillin moiety were efficacious and thrive against many emerging infectious diseases, which can also lead to develop numerous fused heterocyclic vanillin derivatives and various heterocyclic compounds such as pyrimidines, quinoxalines, imidazoles or thiazoles. Greener-mediated synthesis is a sustained chemical reaction used to synthesize hazardless vanillin derivatives with a high yield of product in desired time. Due to its several reasonable modifications with high bioactivity, vanillin moiety can be used to develop various potent derivatives like vanillin-based ferrocenyl chalcone derivatives, vanillin-hydrazone derivatives, Schiff base and Mannich base-based derivatives, pyrazoline vanillin-based derivatives, triazole-based vanillin derivatives and vanillin hybrids plays a crucial role in the coordination chemistry. These derivatives exhibited plenty of biological applications, which include anticancer, antioxidant, antibacterial, antitubercular, antimalarial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-Alzheimer and anti-diabetic effects. Hence, this review focuses on the significance of vanillin derivatives responsible for biological activity.

Keywords: Vanillin; 4-hydroxy 3-methoxy benzaldehyde; Vanillin derivatives; Antimicrobial; Anticancer; Biological applications
Effects of heart rate variability biofeedback training on anxiety reduction and brain activity: A randomized active control study using EEG
Authors: Saito Ryuji , Yoshida Kazuki , Sawamura Daisuke , Watanabe Akihiro , Tokikuni Yukina , Sakai Shinya
Published: July 2023

Heart rate variability biofeedback (HRVBF) is a promising
anxiety-reducing intervention that activates the autonomic nervous
system through paced breathing, using feedback from heart rate
variability (HRV). Many studies have reported the anxiety-reducing
effects of HRVBF; however, reports on the effectiveness of training have
been negative. Furthermore, the effects of training and the underlying
brain activity changes remain unclear. This study aimed to examine the
anxiety-reducing effects of HRVBF training and related brain activity
changes, by randomly assigning participants, employing an active control
group, and measuring anxiety-related attentional bias using the
emotional Stroop task and EEG. Fifty-five right-handed healthy young
students with anxiety were randomly assigned: finally, 21 to the HRVBF
group and 19 to the control group. Both groups performed 10 training
sessions of 20 minutes per day within three weeks and were assessed
using HRV, EEG, attentional bias, and the State-Trait Anxiety
Inventory-JYZ (STAI-JYZ), before and after training. Results showed
increased HRV in the HRVBF group compared with the control group, but no
differences in EEG, attentional bias, and STAI-JYZ. Further analyses
revealed that participants with higher pre-training HRV achieved higher
heart rhythm coherence in HRVBF training and had reduced attentional
bias. This study suggests that individuals with higher HRV are more
likely to be proficient in HRVBF training and benefit from its
anxiety-reducing effects. The findings contribute to an understanding of
participant selection and modification of HRVBF training protocols for
non-responders.
Aktualny i przewidywany stan rynku mięsa wieprzowego na świecie
Authors: Stępień Sebastian
Published: July 2023

Rynek mięsa wieprzowego jest wiodącym rynkiem mięsnym na świecie pod względem wielkości podaży i popytu, wysoki jest też udział tego surowca w handlu zagranicznym. W najbliższych latach znaczenie branży dla gospodarki światowej będzie wzrastać, z uwagi na rozwój produkcji w krajach rozwijających się i wzrost zapotrzebowania na surowiec jako rezultat przyrostu liczby ludności, zwiększającej się zamożności części krajów na świecie i zmiany struktury konsumpcji. Z drugiej strony zaobserwować można pewne czynniki ograniczające rozwój ryku, takie jak rosnące koszty produkcji żywca wieprzowego, wymogi w zakresie środowiska naturalnego lub zmiany klimatyczne. Celem pracy jest zaprezentowanie bieżącej sytuacji w produkcji i handlu zagranicznym na rynku mięsa wieprzowego na świecie oraz wskazanie możliwego kierunku zmian do roku 2020, na tle uwarunkowań globalnych. Praca ma charakter przeglądowy, z elementami wnioskowania dedukcyjnego.
Bank Danych o Lasach w Polsce na tle baz danych i systemów udostępniania informacji z zakresu leśnictwa w innych krajach
Authors: Talarczyk Andrzej
Published: July 2023

W opracowaniu dokonano charakterystyki rodzajów baz danych i systemów udostępniania informacji z zakresu leśnictwa na poziomie globalnym oraz w różnych krajach. Przeanalizowano ich zawartość i dostępne funkcjonalności. Na tym tle opisano polski Bank Danych o Lasach (BDL): jego główne zadania, zasób informacyjny i rozwiązania techniczne służące do udostępniania danych. Przeanalizowano aktualny stan gromadzenia i udostępniania informacji o lasach na świecie oraz uwarunkowania rozwoju w tym zakresie. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na BDL, który w porównaniu z innymi bazami danych na poziomie krajowym jest jednym z bogatszych i bardziej kompletnych źródeł informacji o lasach.
Behavioral and histopathological changes of Clarias gariepinus as a predatory fish against Culex pipiens larvae following exposure to sublethal concentration of quinclorac and bensulfuron-methyl based herbicide
Authors: Mohamed I.A. , Fathy M. , Farghal A.I.A. , Temerak S.A.H. , Abd El-Ghaffar S.Kh. , Idriss S.K.A.
Published: July 2023

Clarias gariepinus is one of the widespread culturable freshwater fish species in Africa, which is prevalent in various natural and human-made aquatic habitats including rice-fish system. This fish species displays predation potential on the aquatic stages of mosquitoes. Bensulfuron-methyl and quinclorac are herbicide active substances that have been extensively applied in rice culture in Egypt and other countries worldwide. This study assessed the adverse effects of sublethal concentration of a commercial herbicide formulation containing quinclorac and bensulfuron-methyl on the predation potential of C. gariepinus female and male predatory fish on Culex pipiens mosquito larvae. Also, stomach and intestine histopathology of the treated fish was investigated. The exposure of C. gariepinus to sublethal concentration of quinclorac and bensulfuron-methyl based herbicide produced detrimental effects on prey consumption and histopathological changes in the stomach and intestine of the fish. The mosquito consumption by the treated female and male fish decreased significantly compared to the untreated fish of both sexes. The histological changes in the intestines were hyperplasia of the intestinal epithelium and goblet cells; edema of lamina propria and broad intestinal villi, and distortion in intestinal villi in comparison to control. The stomach histopathology changes were necrosis and sloughing of mucosal epithelium with severe damage of sub-mucosa. Thus, the tested herbicide at sublethal concentration on C. gariepinus decreased the prey consumption on mosquito larvae and caused histopathological alterations in the fish that may impair its digestive physiology. These findings suggest a threat of the tested herbicide to C. gariepinus survival and potential as a native successful biocontrol agent against Cx. pipiens larvae.
Simulation of an Impact on an Aramid Fabric Panel by A .357 Projectile
Authors: Chiper Titire Larisa , Ojoc George Ghiocel , Popescu Christian , Deleanu Lorena
Published: July 2023

This paper presents a model for impact bullet – panel of woven aramid fabrics in order to use it for an initial assessment of similar panels to protect against bullets in a range of 100…800 m/s. Based on these initial simulations, the designer could select the number of layers for actual tests. The factors that could be varied in these simulations could be the shape and dimensions of the projectiles, their mass and impact velocity. It is presented only the case of impacting a panel with .357 Magnum, with an incidence velocity of 420 m/s. The panel is composed of 8 layers of plain woven fabrics (200 mm x 200 mm), with weft and warp yarns, the yarn geometry being close to Teijin CT736 phenolic fabric, with 1680 DTEX and 410 g/m2. The simulation helps to identify the stages of panel failure and to evaluate qualitatively the similarity in panel failure with that of the actual panel, tested under the same conditions as the model.
Study of Methods and Techniques for Manipulating the Time Synchronization Component of NTP Servers in Computer Networks
Authors: Romaniuc Alexandru-Gabriel , Vasile Vlad-Cosmin , Borda Elena-Monica
Published: July 2023

In computer networks as well as in many other domains, time synchronization is carried out by some dedicated devices called time servers that uses network protocols, such as NTP (Network Time Protocol), PTP (Precision Time Protocol) or SNTP (Simple Network Time Protocol). Many domains and applications, such as, computer networks, security protocols, telecommunications, network services, and many others, depend on accurate time synchronization. According to the CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures) databases, between 2001-2022, more than 150 time synchronization protocols vulnerabilities have been reported. One of the most dangerous threats is the manipulation of the time synchronization information. Thus, the existence of such a vulnerability can generate serious security problems. Considering these aspects, in this article we aim to use some methods and techniques for the manipulation of the time component and use them to test some synchronization systems. This will require real-life scenarios of the use of time synchronization systems in which some methods and techniques are applied to exploit their vulnerabilities. Following these scenarios, we will be able to assess the risk to which these systems are exposed.
La decisión sobre la guerra en Argentina: entre la Constitución, el Derecho Internacional y lo político
Authors: Tripolone Gerardo
Published: July 2023

En este trabajo indagamos en la incidencia del derecho internacional general en la determinación de los poderes militares del Estado en Argentina. La pregunta constitucional es en qué medida el derecho internacional incide en la determinación de los poderes militares del Estado, tanto en los referidos al ius ad bellum (el derecho a hacer una guerra) como en el ius in bellum (derecho en la guerra). Para analizar esta cuestión, nos valemos de una metodología de dogmática constitucional y de derecho comparado con el derecho constitucional de Estados Unidos. La comparación es relevante debido a las similitudes del ordenamiento constitucional y a la influencia permanente que ha tenido ese derecho en las decisiones de la Corte Suprema, en especial en causas referidas a poderes militares. La indagación nos llevó a discutir la naturaleza constitucional y política de la decisión de involucrar al país en una guerra, lo cual obliga a pensar la cuestión desde una perspectiva de teoría política y constitucional.
Odtwórstwo historyczne postaci Marii Kazimiery d’Arquien Sobieskiej i jego znaczenia dla edukacji regionalnej i ponadlokalnej.
Authors: Pietrzak Jarosław
Published: July 2023

Tematem pracy jest rola odtwórstwa historycznego i jego wpływu na kształtowanie obszaru edukacji na przykładzie inscenizacji postaci królowej Marii Kazimiery d’Arquien Sobieskiej. Praca składa się z zarysowania ram metodologicznych wokół pojęcia odtwórstwa historycznego i uściśleń definicyjnych, wyjaśnienia kwestii tzw. czarnej legendy królowej, ukształtowanej w historiografii polskiej w XIX i XX wieku oraz prezentacji form inscenizacji historycznych. Informacje o przygotowaniach, wydarzeniach, trudnościach, zakresie przekazu i znaczeniu odtwórstwa postaci królowej zostały pozyskane od pań zajmujących się tą dziedziną na drodze wywiadu. Ważnym źródłem wiedzy stały się informacje o odgrywaniu roli królowej przez pracownice Muzeum Pałacu Króla Jana III w Wilanowie oraz informacje dziennikarskie odnalezione na stronach internetowych. W pracy udało się ustalić narastanie „białej legendy”, królowej, która w przeciwieństwie do wcześniejszych czasów, kładzie naciska na pozytywne cechy charakteru małżonki króla oraz jej zasługi dla kultury Rzeczypospolitej. Postać Marii Kazimiery d’Arquien Sobieskiej, zyskuje wyraźnie na znaczeniu w kontekście stałego przypominania rocznic wiedeńskich i rozwijania postaw patriotycznych. Ponadto postać królowej wiąże się z takimi wartościami jak piękno, inteligencja, niezależność, co wyraźnie sprzyja kształtowaniu się nowych postaw społecznych w kręgu kobiet oraz utwierdza obecny w życiu społecznym kult piękna i młodości.
Diversity in United States medical faculty relative to population trends, 2005–2019
Authors: Baran Timothy M. , Wicks Jeffrey S. , Sharma Ashwani K.
Published: July 2023

Increasing diversity is essential not only for equal healthcare among all individuals but also for equal socio-economic potential for all genders and ethnicities. With changing demographics over the years, we tried to assess the impact of university programs for the promotion of equality in ethnic representation in the medical community. The US population, based on the data taken from the US Census Bureau, was compared to the Faculty Administrative Management Online User System (FAMOUS) data to analyze the representation of the medical community to the general US population. Females have reached near parity in their representation within the medical community faculty. Underrepresented in medicine individuals have not come far enough to reach parity in their representation within the medical community. As compared to the general US population, while Asians are overrepresented, Black and Hispanic proportions in the medical community are still underrepresented.
Modeling Chemical Processes in Explicit Solvents with Machine Learning Potentials
Authors: Zhang Hanwen , Juraskova Veronika , Duarte Fernanda
Published: July 2023

Solvent effects influence all stages of the chemical processes, modulating the stability of intermediates and transition states, as well as altering reaction rates and product ratios. However, accurately modelling these effects remains challenging. Here, we present a general strategy for generating reactive machine learning potentials (MLPs) to model chemical processes in solution. Our approach combines active learning with descriptor-based selectors and automation, enabling the construction of data-efficient training sets that span the relevant chemical and conformational space. We demonstrate the versatility of this strategy by applying it to investigate a Diels-Alder reaction in water and methanol. The generated MLPs exhibit excellent agreement with experimental data and provide insights into the differences in reaction rates observed between the two solvents. Our strategy offers an efficient approach to the routine modelling of chemical reactions in solution, opening up avenues for studying complex chemical processes in an efficient manner.
Effect of addition of texturizer on the proximate content and texture properties of geblek, a cassava starch-based traditional food from Indonesia
Authors: Ratnaningsih N. , Sugati D. , Handayani T.H.W. , Handayani S. , Devi M.K.
Published: July 2023

Geblek is a traditional food from Kulonprogo, Yogyakarta that is made from cassava starch with characteristics including white color, shaped like the number of eight, tasty, and chewy. The chewy texture of geblek became tough when it is stored at room temperature and decreases the quality and consumer preference of geblek. The research aimed to evaluate the proximate and texture properties of geblek by adding hydrocolloids such as guar gum, xanthan gum, carrageenan, alginate, and a traditional texturizer such as dry grated coconut, for increasing the quality and preference of geblek. Raw and fried geblek were analyzed by nutritional composition and texture properties using Texture Analyzer (TA1, Lloyd Instruments). The addition of texturizers affected the nutritional composition and texture properties of geblek. The addition of xanthan gum to the geblek dough caused the highest increase in fat content, whereas the lowest was in the addition of carrageenan. The hardness of fried geblek ranged from 16.67 N (control) to 30.34 N (carrageenan) after frying then increasing 260.51% (alginate) to 660.94% (xanthan gum) after being stored for 24 hrs. The chewiness of geblek with the addition of dry grated coconut has a similar pattern to control. Storage of fried geblek at room temperature for 24 hrs increased the hardness, gumminess, springiness, chewiness, crispiness, and crunchiness, but decreased the cohesiveness and resilience. The best texture of deep-fried geblek after 24 hrs was found in geblek with the addition of 0.5% alginate.
Внутрибольничная инфекция в неонатологии
Authors: L.A. Rzaeva  , G.D. Aliyeva  , K.S. Abdurakhmanova
Published: July 2023

По определению СDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention – Центры по Контролю и Профилактике Болезней) госпитальной инфекцией считается такое местное или системное состояние, которое возникает как результат нега-тивной реакции инфекционного агента или его токсинов которого не было во время поступления пациента в больницу[1,2].
Овотестикулярная мальформация или нарушение формирование пола
Authors: C.F. Gurbanova  , K.G. Dadashova  , A.F. Amirova  , V.A.Huseynova  , K.Z. Nabiyeva  , E.C. Baghirova
Published: July 2023

Редким вариантом нарушения формирования пола (НФП) является патологическая дифференцировка гонад овотестикулярное нарушение. Овотестикулярное нарушение – это нарушение половой дифференцировки, характеризующееся двойственным развитием гонад – истинный гермафродитизм.