bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect on prostatic specific antigen by a short time treatment with a Curcuma extract: A real life experience and implications for prostate biopsy
Authors: Fabiani Andrea , Morosetti Carolina , Filosa Alessandra , Principi Emanuele , Lepri Luca , Maurelli Valentina , Fioretti Fabrizio , Servi Lucilla
Published: July 2018

Introduction and objectives: PSA elevation is associated with prostate cancer and it is used in screening programs for its diagnosis. It is one of the most common indications for referral to an urologist. There’s no consensus about what to do in PSA elevation management. Antibiotics, nutraceuticals or anti-inflammatories are commonly prescribed in daily practice. Our objective was to verify the effect on the PSA value of a short 30-day trial of a curcuma extract, than to discuss the implications in terms of reducing the number of prostate biopsies performed. Patients and methods: We enrolled 50 consecutive patients admitted at our attention for a first PSA over the level of 4 ng/ml or for a suspected PSA rising defined as PSA velocity (PSAv) > 0.75 ng/ml/years. They received treatment with curcuma extract, 2 tablets per day for 30 day. All patients received a second PSA measurement and TRUS within 6 days from the end of the therapy. In case of PSA reduction below 4 ng/ml, patients were reassured and invited to repeat a PSA control over the time. When PSA level were persistently high over 4 ng/ml or in case of any rising, patients underwent a transrectal ultrasound guided 12-core prostatic biopsy (TRUSbx). Results: Mean age of the patients was 64.56 ± 8.88 (range, 42- 81 years). Prostate volume was 48.34 ± 15,77 ml (range, 18-80 ml). At visit 1, PSA value was in mean 6,84 ± 3.79 ng/ml (range 2.93-21ng/ml). Consequently, mean PSA density value was 0.16 ± 0.16 (range 0.05-1.11). PSA free and PSA total ratio at baseline was 16.85 ± 3.9% (range 8-26%). At visit 2, the prostate volume did not change. Total PSA was 4.65 ± 2,67 ng/ml (range 1-16.82 ng/ml). PSA free and PSA total ratio (PSAF/T) after treatment was 19.68 ± 5.35 % (range 7.8-29%). The differences of total PSA and PSAF/T between visit 1 and visit 2 were < 0.0001 and p < 0.0036, respectively. We performed 26 TRUSbx. Prostate cancer was diagnosed in 6 cases, PIN HG in 2 cases and non neoplastic findings in the remnants 18 patients. Conclusions: Use of the Curcuma extract is able to lower the PSA value after a 30-day intake period. We are not able to state that the reduction of PSA after intake of this Curcuma extract may exclude a prostate cancer. We need further studies to evaluate that.
Surgical approach to adrenal ganglioneuroma: Case report and literature review
Authors: Abate Danilo , Giusti Giuseppe , Caria Nicola , Lucci Chiarissi Marco , De Lisa Antonello
Published: July 2018

Objective: Ganglioneuroma (GN) is a benign tumor with a slow growth that can originate from any paravertebral sympathetic plexus. It is usually asymptomatic or with nonspecific symptoms. TC and RM scan are helpful to study GN. It is usually represented by an ovalshaped retroperitoneal mass or, in case of adrenal impairment, by low radiologic contrast media attenuation. Surgical treatment is mandatory. Literature shows how the laparoscopic approach is the most used, especially in lesions that are 6 cm or smaller. Our purpose is to describe our experience on an incidental adrenal GN of about 5 cm treated by the laparoscopic transperitoneal approach. Materials and methods: A 33-year-old male had ultrasound occasional finding of an about 4 cm adrenal mass. TC and RM scan identified a retroperitoneal mass (max diameter 48 mm). The lesion was removed with a transperitoneal laparoscopic approach. Results: No intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred. The patient was discharged 3 days after surgery. Conclusions: Up to the present laparoscopic surgery is the best approach for GN treatment.
Continued Improvements in Quadriceps Strength and Biomechanical Symmetry of the Knee After Postoperative Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Rehabilitation: Is It Time to Reconsider the 6-Month Return-to-Activity Criteria?
Authors: Curran Michael T. , Lepley Lindsey K. , Palmieri-Smith Riann M.
Published: July 2018

Context: 

Patients who undergo anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) present with strength and biomechanical deficits at return to activity (RTA). Deficits in strength and biomechanical symmetry impair function during activity and may predispose patients to subsequent injury.

Objective: 

To compare strength and biomechanical function in patients with ACLR at RTA and more than 12 months post-ACLR.

Design: 

Descriptive laboratory study.

Setting: 

Research laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants: 

A total of 20 participants (12 females, 8 males; age = 21.40 ± 5.60 years, height = 171.3 ± 10.2 cm, mass = 73.21 ± 19.41 kg) who had undergone ACLR and were cleared to RTA were recruited.

Intervention(s): 

Strength was measured during knee extension and evaluated by the isometric and isokinetic quadriceps index. Biomechanical function was evaluated using symmetry values for sagittal-plane knee-joint rotations, changes in sagittal-plane knee-joint rotation, knee-extension moments, and changes in knee-extension moment that were recorded during a single-legged forward hop.

Main Outcome Measure(s): 

Self-reported function was measured using the International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Evaluation Form. Participants were assessed at RTA (212.25 ± 28.11 days) and more than 12 months post-ACLR (556.25 ± 230.89 days).

Results: 

At RTA, strength and biomechanical values were less than 80% symmetric. We observed improvements from RTA to more than 12 months post-ACLR for the isometric quadriceps index (F1,18 = 29.22, P < .001), isokinetic quadriceps index (F1,18 = 10.88, P = .004), sagittal-plane knee-joint rotations (F1,19 = 9.58, P = .006), change in sagittal-plane knee-joint rotations (F1,19 = 7.83, P = .01), knee-extension moments (F1,19 = 5.73, P = .03), change in knee-extension moments (F1,19 = 21.10, P < .001), and self-perceived function (F1,19 = 11.50, P = .003). Of the 7 variables that showed improvement at more than 12 months post-ACLR, only 3 met the recommended criteria (≥90%).

Conclusions: 

Patients with ACLR showed asymmetry in strength and biomechanics at RTA. These asymmetries, along with self-perceived function, improved over time. However, despite improvements in strength and biomechanics at RTA, asymmetries of more than 10% were still present more than 12 months post-ACLR.
Use of Tramadol for Management of Opioid Use Disorders: Rationale and Recommendations
Authors: Balhara Yatan Pal Singh , Parmar Arpit , Sarkar Siddharth
Published: July 2018

Opioids are one of the most common illicit psychoactive substances being used in India. In fact, opioid use disorders are the most common disorder presenting to the substance use disorder treatment centers across the country. Effective and evidence-based interventions are available for management of opioid use disorders. However, the treatment for opioid use disorders remains difficult to access for most of those in need in India. The current article presents the literature on the use of tramadol for the management of opioid use disorders. It also makes recommendations on the use of tramadol for the management of opioid use disorders. Tramadol offers a viable alternative to the existing options for the management of opioid use disorders. It has been found effective when used for this indication. It offers certain major advantages such as easy and wide availability and low abuse liability. It offers a good option to expand the treatment services for opioid use disorders across the country.
Migration of Self-Introduced Acupuncture Needle into the Brainstem
Authors: El-Wahsh Shadi , Efendy Johnny , Sheridan Mark
Published: July 2018

Acupuncture-related injuries to the central nervous system are a rare but well-documented occurrence. This report describes the case of a self-introduced acupuncture needle migrating into the brainstem following an initial failed attempt at surgical extraction. The patient displayed no neurological deficits, and the needle was eventually successfully removed under direct vision intraoperatively. We discuss the role of various imaging modalities in pre- and post-operative assessment of penetrating foreign bodies in the brainstem. We also discuss the options available for the management of such foreign bodies, including possible approaches for operative intervention, and the risks involved with both surgical and conservative management.
Comparison of Four Radiographic Angular Measures of Lumbar Lordosis
Authors: Okpala Francis Osita
Published: July 2018

Background: Several attempts (radiographic and nonradiographic) have been made to measure the lumbar lordosis (LL), but the results differ substantially as investigators have used different parameters. Radiography is the gold standard, and the methods include lumbosacral angle (LSA), lumbosacral joint angle (LSJA), Cobb angle, and tangential radiologic assessment of LL (TRALL) angle. The traditional method, the Cobb technique, has a wide range of normal mean values, with a large standard deviation. Using a more reliable radiographic angle will hopefully simply and standardize LL measurement in the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of patients. Aim: To compare in normal individuals with fully developed LL the LSA, LSJA, TRALL, and Cobb angles, by determining (a) if any correlation exists between them and (b) the most reliable measures of LL, based on, least (i) number of measurement lines, (ii) range of values, (iii) mean, (iv) standard deviation, and (v) variance. Materials and Methods: The four angles were retrospectively measured in each supine lateral lumbosacral radiograph of 100 males and 100 females, aged 15 years and above. Data were analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0 (NY, USA); P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: No correlation existed between the mean values of the four angles, and in each angle, there was no male-versus-female correlation. LSJA had the best reliability criteria for LL measurement. Conclusion: The mean LSA, LSJA, TRALL, and Cobb angles have no significant Pearson's correlation, and of the four angular measures of LL, LSJA was the most reliable.
Impact of Progression of Parkinson's Disease and Various Other Factors on Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Authors: Rana Abdul Qayyum , Ansari Hamza , Qureshi Abdul Rehman M. , Rahman Eraad
Published: July 2018

Objective: While much research has been conducted toward understanding the relationship between prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD) and generalized anxiety, little has been done considering additional influential factors in the relationship by means of a large ethnically diverse sample. Our study strives to fulfill these deficits in the literature as we set out to determine the impact of progression of PD, age, gender, and Hoehn and Yahr (H and Y) staging of PD on generalized anxiety. Methods: A retrospective chart review analysis was performed on PD patients who were regularly examined in a community-based PD and movement disorders center from 2005 to 2010. Results: This study consisted of 310 patients with PD among whom 12% had generalized anxiety. Neither age nor gender was significant onset predictors at P = 0.05. The impact of progression of H and Y Stages 2–3 and 2–4 increased the odds of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) prevalence though it was statistically insignificant at P = 0.05. Conclusions: Clinicians should not expect the risk of developing anxiety to depend on gender nor change as a function of age though it may increase with symptomatic progression of PD as outlined by H and Y. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest and most ethnically diverse prevalence study with a focus on generalized anxiety and PD. Significant Outcomes and Limitations: The symptomatic progression of PD, but not age or gender, may be associated with an increased risk for GAD. This study lacked adjustment for potential confounders such as depression and PD medications.
A Case of Morvan's Syndrome Associated with Heavy Metal Poisoning after Ayurvedic Drug Intake
Authors: Perumal Sowmini R. , Velayudham Sakthi , Jeyaraj K. Malcolm , Arunan S. ,   Mohanakkannan S
Published: July 2018

Morvan's syndrome is an autoimmune disorder of peripheral and central nervous system mediated by VGKC antibody. Here we report a case of Morvans syndrome who presented 1 month after ayurvedic drug intake. She presented with symptoms of peripheral nerve hyperexcitablity and autoimmune testing revealed positive result for VGKC antibody. Heavy metals level was also significantly raised. She improved after a course of steroids. This case report tries to highlight the association of VGKC mediated Morvans syndrome with heavy metal poisoning and its incidental occurence after Ayurvedic drug intake.
Versatility of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in the Treatment of Poststroke Dysphagia
Authors: Papadopoulou Soultana L. , Ploumis Avraam , Exarchakos G. , Theodorou S. J. , Beris A. , Fotopoulos A. D.
Published: July 2018

Various techniques and courses of treatment have been researched, proposed, and implemented to evaluate and treat poststroke dysphagia (PSD) which is one of the main medical conditions affecting not only elderly people, as previously assumed, but also in recent years younger populations as well. The effectiveness of therapeutic methods depends mainly on the expertise of an interdisciplinary team of therapists, as well as on the timely application of the treatment. The present review discusses the therapeutic benefits of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in patients suffering from PSD regardless of the location of the lesion. The use of rTMS directly manipulates cortical brain stimulation to restore neuroplasticity in the affected brain areas. This review presents a synopsis of the available literature on the patient along with a discussion on the effectiveness of rTMS as a safe and easy to use promising technique in the rehabilitation of dysphagic patients. Although the results from the studies so far have been largely positive in that direction, the question still remains whether larger scale and longitudinal studies will be able to corroborate the aspiring future of rTMS. Therefore, research questions to advance further investigation on the application and future of this technique are much in need.
Mobile transect for identification of intra-urban heat islands in Uberlandia, Brazil
Authors: Silva Valdiney José da , Silva Cláudio Ricardo da , Almeida Leandro Da Silva , Silva Claudionor Ribeiro da , Carvalho Hudson De Paula , Camargo Reginaldo de
Published: July 2018

The “heat island” phenomenon is one of many serious problems caused by rapid urban growth. This study therefore sought to characterize and quantify heat islands in Uberlandia, to evaluate the seasonality of these islands (winter-summer) and to identify the effect of surface coverage on their intensity. To identify intra-urban heat islands in Uberlandia, air temperature data were collected in two seasons (winter and summer) using mobile and fixed transects seasons. Transition measurements were recorded automatically every 0.5 seconds using a car-mounted thermos-hygrometer moving at an average of 40 km h-1. GPS was used to select approximately ten data points every 500 meters of each transect. Fixed weather stations measured air temperature at three sites in the region. Transect data analysis showed that the intra-urban heat islands were more intense in winter (ΔT = 2.2ºC) than in summer (ΔT = 1.2ºC) mainly because by reduction in atmospheric vapor in winter (dry season) and by higher rate of radiative cooling that is favored in permeable areas. The methodology used in the present study proved to be a quick and efficient way to carry out this type of monitoring.
Biogas originated from residual biomass in ecosystem services
Authors: Bühring Gladis Maria Backes , Silveira Vicente Celestino Pires
Published: July 2018

Human demand for the provisioning services of the ecosystem has been rising and shows the existence of trade-offs in their generation. Brazil is a great producer of agricultural commodities and animal protein, which generates a large amount of residual biomass throughout the production process, especially animal highly polluting waste concentrated in small areas. Ecosystems provide a wide range of services that are of fundamental importance to the well-being, health, subsistence and survival of human beings. The impacts of the waste generated by confined animals can degrade the ecosystem and reduce the services it can supply. Using waste to generate biogas does not require direct resources from the ecosystems to generate energy. In this context, it is an energy product classified as a provisioning service and, at the same time, an ecosystem regulating service, as it mitigates undesirable effects in the environment. The main goal of the classification of biogas as an ecosystem service is to explore its contributions to the ecosystem and to human well-being.
Modeling of Corrosion Fatigue Life of Stainless Steel Joints Welded by Laser-Metal Active Gas Hybrid Welding
Authors: Yang Tao , Chen Wei-lin , Gou Guo-qing , Tian Hong-lei , Chen Yong
Published: July 2018

The mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the stainless steel (SS) corbel decline sharply after the welding process, which may cause serious accidents. Combining with microcharacteristics, mechanical properties, and corrosion properties, mathematic theories were used and an accurate prediction model of the corrosion fatigue life of SS butt joints produced by laser-metal active gas hybrid welding (LMHW) was established. The joints produced by LMHW have good mechanical properties, with the joint strength coefficient a remarkable 89%. In corrosion fatigue testing, corrosion pits will first appear in the weld seam as a result of the microstructural difference, then cracks initiate. Meanwhile, both the higher NaCl concentration and lower stress ratio will promote the anodic dissolution of metal, leading to the reduction and obscuring of fatigue striation features on the fracture surface. This high-accuracy mathematical modeling can help validate the advanced LMHW method and, in turn, facilitates the manufacture of stainless steel corbels in rail vehicles.
ANÁLISE DAS ENERGIAS DE EXECUÇÃO DE ESTACAS HÉLICE CONTÍNUA PARA CONFIABILIDADE DAS FUNDAÇÕES
Authors: Júnior Ferrari de Campos Darym , Carlos de Sena Monteiro Ozelim Luan
Published: July 2018

Aliar a tecnologia, teoria e a pratica da engenharia é um dos principais desafios na engenharia de fundação moderna. Quando é considerada a execução de estacas tipos hélice continua, o próprio controle executivo de energia durante a fundação pode se mostrar como uma solução de redução de custo e aumento da produtividade. Esse controle pode também representar uma ferramenta importante para ajudar projetistas e engenheiros a adequar as realidades de campo e de projeto. Assim, após o projetista definir a profundidade de execução da fundação, pode ocorrer na prática de algumas estacas não se comportarem como se espera, assim como uma mudança significativa no maciço do solo de fundação ou até mesmo em apenas uma área específica do terreno. Definindo então uma energia de execução adequada, as estacas podem ser mais curtas (feitas para alcançar um determinado limite de energia), que afeta diretamente os custos e a produtividade. Esse valor de energia não deve ser somente definido, mas também capaz de estar relacionado com a capacidade de carga da estaca para tais medições. No presente trabalho, estudou-se um conjunto de 20 estacas com 3 diferentes diâmetros. Primeiramente, avaliou-se a energia total de execução das estacas. Posteriormente, uma relação entre a energia de execução e o ensaio de simples reconhecimento à percussão SPT. Finalmente a capacidade de carga se mostrou relacionada com a energia de execução, o que melhora a aplicabilidade da metodologia proposta. Tal proposição representa um avanço no controle informatizado da energia de execução e avaliação de desempenho de estacas tipo hélice contínua.
INTEROPERABILIDADE ENTRE SOFTWARES DA ENGENHARIA CIVIL
Authors: Vianna Trazzi Thales , Pedro Sovat de Freitas Costa João , Nogueira Lima Jocinez
Published: July 2018

Os processos de trabalho atualmente usados na indústria da arquitetura, engenharia e construção (AEC) envolvem profissionais diversos como: arquitetos, engenheiros civis, de instalações, etc. E cada vez mais se tem uma maior quantidade de informações e softwares utilizados nesta indústria. Isto resulta numa falta de plataforma comum de trabalho, o que dificulta a cooperações entre os diversos profissionais, provocando imprecisões no projeto e más decisões, além de não cumprir prazos e orçamentos. Com isso levou-se a criação do BIM (Modelo de Informação da Construção), definido pelo National Building Information Model Standard Project Committee, como uma representação digital das propriedades físicas e funcionais de uma edificação. Um modelo de informações de construção é um recurso partilhado de conhecimento para obter informações sobre a instalação e a formação de uma base confiável de dados para as decisões durante o ciclo de vida de uma construção, definindo o ciclo de vida desde a concepção até a demolição. Profissionais ligados a construção se juntaram para criar a BuildingSmart (associação sem fins lucrativos), que é responsável por criar um formato padrão de arquivo para fazer a interoperabilidade entre os softwares, o modelo IFC (Industry Foudation Classes). A pesquisa realizada teve como objetivo estudar e analisar esse formato padrão de arquivo, suas características e história e fazer aplicação dos conhecimentos adquiridos em testes de interoperabilidade entre softwares da indústria da construção. Assim, a partir de um arquivo do software da Autodesk, o Revit, se exportou o arquivo para o padrão IFC e o importou em versões anteriores do Revit, analisando assim a interoperabilidade, sua qualidade, e quais propriedades se perderam ao exportar o arquivo e que propriedades se mantiveram. Também se analisou a interoperabilidade e qualidade da troca de informações entre um projeto do programa Eberick e versões do Revit
ANÁLISE ESTRUTURAL DE PASSARELA DE PEDRESTE ATRAVÉS DA FERRAMENTA SAP 2000
Authors: Da Rocha Morais Leonardo , De Paula Faria Henrique
Published: July 2018

Neste trabalho avalia-se numericamente uma passarela de pedestres existente em Brasília, por meio do software SAP 2000. Inicialmente, são apresentados as características gerais da estrutura e das ações consideradas, seguindo as recomendações das normas brasileiras atuais. Na continuação, são exibidas, em detalhes, as modelagens computacionais geradas pelo software. Por fim, é feito a análise dos resultados e as considerações finais
TORRE DE TV DIGITAL DE BRASÍLIA: ANÁLISE ESTRUTURAL DOS CARREGAMENTOS EÓLICOS POR ELEMENTOS FINITOS
Authors: Vidal Saraiva Raphael , Silveira Levay Vinícius , Da Silva Pinheiro Cleber , Aurélio Souza Bessa Marco , Sarasty Narváez Nathaly
Published: July 2018

Em conformidade com a complexidade estrutural de diversas obras arquitetônicas de Oscar Niemeyer, a Torre de TV Digital de Brasília se destaca no que tange aos seus aspectos social, arquitetônico, estrutural, geográfico e aerodinâmico. Estando localizada em uma região de elevada altitude, livre de barreiras físicas em sua vizinhança, é constituída basicamente de uma geometria em forma de casca em concreto armado, tendo “braços” acoplados lateralmente, servindo como suporte estrutural para as cúpulas geodésicas. Sua extensão vertical compreende um tamanho de 120 metros. Tal estrutura está sujeita a consideráveis carregamentos eólicos. Este trabalho apresenta um modelo computacional em três dimensões que inclui o acoplamento fluido-estrutural para a Torre de TV Digital de Brasília, utilizando o método de elementos finitos. Neste contexto, as equações de campo Estrutural e Navier-Stokes dependentes do tempo são resolvidas numericamente. Diferentes perfis de escoamentos e deslocamentos da estrutura são analisados, considerando a influência da pressão e da intensidade da velocidade de escoamento eólico sobre a Torre. Neste estudo, são obtidos os perfis de velocidade do vento considerando diferentes disposições geométricas da Torre em relação ao escoamento eólico. Considera-se a velocidade de entrada sobre a Torre com perfil parabólico, sendo que o valor máximo é de 45,264 m/s, de acordo com os parâmetros intrínsecos estipulados para a velocidade característica descrita pela norma NBR 6123 (1988). O escoamento eólico sobre o modelo dá-se através ângulos de entrada 0º, 45º e 90º. Os máximos carregamentos e deslocamentos são obtidos e comparados com os valores pré-definidos para construções existentes na referida norma. A influência do carregamento eólico sobre a estrutura é realizada mediante a análise sistemática de curvas altura versus pressão.
PROJETO DE EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL NA CIDADE ESTRUTURAL – BRASÍLIA/DF COM ELABORAÇÃO DE CARTILHA EDUCATIVA
Authors: Maria da Cunha Bastos Gysele , Augusto Barbosa da Silva Frederico , Monteiro Damasceno Caio
Published: July 2018

O direito ao meio ambiente saudável e equilibrado é um direito fundamental. A educação ambiental é um dos dispositivos das políticas ambientais que permite criar valores permanentes e a internalização de conhecimentos, atitudes e habilidades que colaboram para a atuação individual e coletiva voltada para prevenir, identificar e solucionar problemas ambientais. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo final a elaboração de uma cartilha orientada para os problemas específicos da Cidade Estrutural, DF, com conteúdos relacionados às normas relacionadas à conservação, ao manejo de resíduos e ao tratamento da água. Tem como objeto de estudo e de ação o maior “lixão” à céu aberto da América Latina localizado a cerca de 15km de Brasília, DF, na Cidade da Estrutural, e que foi fundado na década de 1960 por imigrantes que viam o lixo como fonte de renda e sobrevivência. O “lixão” caracteriza-se pela destinação final inadequada de resíduos sólidos e orgânicos, feita à céu aberto e sob o solo, sem medidas de proteção ao meio ambiente ou à saúde pública. A cartilha apresenta de forma didática os problemas ambientais e a legislação relacionada ao manejo de resíduos sólidos e ao tratamento da água e, portanto, o comportamento esperado por parte Estado no que refere a políticas públicas, e da sociedade civil, no tocante a comportamentos relacionados ao tema. Hoje, mesmo após a promulgação da Lei da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos – PNRS (Lei nº 12.305 de 2010) que estabeleceu a desativação de todos os “lixões” até o ano de 2014, o local continua em funcionamento, gerando consequências danosas ao meio ambiente, ameaçando a fauna e flora do Parque Nacional de Brasília, ferindo a dignidade humana e aumentando riscos à saúde da comunidade que ali vive, provocando a contaminação da água e alimentos, e aumentando os riscos a contaminação por outros agentes, como por exemplo, materiais tóxicos
RECONSTRUÇÃO DO VOTO DO MINISTRO MAURÍCIO CORRÊA NO CASO SIEGFRIED ELLWANGER, A PARTIR DOS CRITÉRIOS DE PERELMAN
Authors: Maria Alcântara Bezerra dos Santos Alice , Ponce Álvares Oswaldo , Smidt Simon Henrique
Published: July 2018

O presente estudo tem como escopo a utilização do voto do Ministro Maurício Corrêa no julgamento do habeas corpus impetrado no Supremo Tribunal Federal a favor de Siegfried Ellwanger, de forma a ilustrar a proposta de análise jurídica do modelo das técnicas argumentativas referenciais da obra “Tratado da Argumentação – A Nova Retórica”, de Chaïm Perelman, e a adequação ao objeto de reconstrução. O julgado em comento repercutiu juridicamente por ter em debate conflitos constitucionais, dados científicos, termos indefinidos e exposições extensas, sendo o Ministro Maurício Corrêa responsável pelo pedido de vistas, que trouxe incompatibilidade ao posicionamento do Ministro Relator. Para apreciação da pesquisa, com base no filósofo da argumentação, foram discutidos pontos relevantes da concepção de direito, raciocínio jurídico, retórica e racionalidade, e a relação que possuem com a finalidade da teoria da argumentação. O objetivo do estudo é aproximar os critérios argumentativos perelmanianos aos argumentos trazidos no decorrer do voto do Ministro e apresentar a viabilidade em aplicá-los, entendendo a problemática contida no caso e a relação que envolve a posição amparada pelo orador em questão. A partir do conhecimento do juízo das teses defendidas pelo Ministro, foi possível adaptar a sua estrutura aos elementos vistos, sendo apontados possíveis argumentos reconstruídos, utilizando-se da escolha, definição e aproximação. Constatou-se, neste sentido, que a avaliação dos parâmetros definidos pelo autor da obra referida e suas implicações no cenário jurídico são completamente harmoniosas. E que, ademais, é aceitável disciplinar e tornar, sob os meandros dos critérios estudados, discursos que viabilizem argumentos cada vez mais persuasivos, a ponto de lograrem acordo entre aqueles a quem são dirigidos
SESMARIAS GOIANAS NOS DOCUMENTOS DO ARQUIVO HISTÓRICO ULTRAMARINO
Authors: De Novais de Souza Caroline , Alves Rocha Junior Deusdedith
Published: July 2018

Esta pesquisa realizou a identificação, sistematização e análise dos documentos do Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino, da cota de Goiás, referentes às solicitações e concessões de sesmarias no território colonial goiano. Ao se considerar a questão agrária no Brasil atual e as suas relações com as formas de concepção e apropriação das porções de terras por particulares durante o processo colonizador um importante tema dos estudos históricos, ensejou-se verificar de que modo foram distribuídas as propriedades privadas da terra em Goiás colonial. A sistematização dos documentos referentes à formação das sesmarias no território goiano colonial proporciona uma importante fonte para as reflexões sobre as relações de trabalho, produção e propriedade privada no campo. Assim procedeu-se a análise de uma centena de documentos, o que possibilitou verificar a distribuição espacial das sesmarias goianas durante o século XVIII e as atribuições toponímicas registradas pelos solicitantes, de onde podemos verificar a sua permanência e as representações sociais do espaço que carregam
EFEITO DO TAMANHO DO GRUPO E DA COMUNICAÇÃO NÃO VOCAL NA VIGILÂNCIA DA ROLINHA-CASCAVEL (Columbina squammata)
Authors: Sérgio Pereira De Amorim Paulo , Igor da Silva Correa Dias Raphael
Published: July 2018

Na comunicação animal, sinais produzidos por um emissor carregam informações sobre o ambiente e têm potencial de alterar o comportamento de um ou mais receptores. Em aves, sinais acústicos e visuais prevalecem como as principais vias de comunicação. Entretanto, sinais acústicos mecânicos ou não-vocais são incomuns e ainda pouco explorados e discutidos na literatura. O objetivo desse estudo foi testar hipóteses sobre ao papel do som mecânico produzido em voo de partida pela espécie Columbina squammata. 1) a produção do som não-vocal está associado aos deslocamentos de voo; 2) o som não-vocal será produzido mais frequentemente em situações de perigo potencial (e.g. aproximação de um predador); 3) sendo um sinal de comunicação intraespecífica, espera-se que sua produção seja mais frequente em grupos do que em indivíduos solitários; e 4) o sinal não-vocal gerará uma rápida resposta de fuga nos demais integrantes de grupos socais. O estudo foi realizado no campus da Universidade de Brasília - UnB nos anos de 2015-2016. Após localizar e quantificar o número de indivíduos, os mesmos foram observados com binóculos e câmera digital até se deslocarem em voo de partida, quando foram registradas informações referentes à produção ou não de sinal não-vocal, associação com risco potencial, comportamento dos participantes do grupo (e.g. vigilância), tempo de resposta dos integrantes do grupo e a sequência de deslocamento de voo do grupo. Os resultados demonstraram que em 75% das vezes, o voo de partida está associado à produção de sinal não-vocal, sendo esta fortemente influenciada pela presença de risco potencial. Observou-se também que, em grupo, o tempo de resposta dos demais é menor quando o deslocamento do primeiro indivíduo do grupo é acompanhado pela produção do sinal. Benefícios relacionados à comunicação sobre riscos potenciais fortalecem a manutenção do comportamento gregário da espécie, uma vez que a sinalização da chegada de um potencial predador favorece a sobrevivência do grupo. O sinal não-vocal produzido pela espécie aparenta ter um papel importante na comunicação intraespecífica, tornando esse canal de comunicação um atributo passível de seleção natural
TREINAMENTO DE FORÇA EXCÊNTRICO E A PRODUÇÃO DE MARCADORES DE DANO MUSCULAR E MARCADORES INFLAMATÓRIOS EM MULHERES OBESAS
Authors: Medeiros Leite Mateus , De Oliveira Silva Alessandro , Borges Vieira Vinícius , Schwerz Funghetto Silvana , Lopes de Farias Darlan
Published: July 2018

Na atualidade, o sobrepeso e em especial a obesidade encontram-se associados auma inflamação crônica, indicada pelo aumento dos marcadores inflamatórios,sendo que indivíduos nestas condições clínicas podem apresentar níveis séricoselevados de Interleucina-6 (IL-6), quando comparados com os níveis destesmarcadores em indivíduos eutróficos. O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar osníveis séricos do marcador inflamatório IL-6 e do marcador de dano muscularCreatina quinase (CK) antes e após o treinamento de força excêntrico (TFE) emidosas obesas. A presente pesquisa foi de caráter experimental e naturezaquantitativa, realizada com 35 mulheres idosas (idade: 68,57 + 6,81) com excessode massa adiposa e residentes em comunidade. Cada voluntária foi anteriormenteao início do programa de TFE, submetida à avaliação da composição corporal,através do exame de Absortometria Radiológica de Dupla Energia (DEXA), avaliaçãoortopédica seguida da fase de adaptação ao exercício e teste de 10 repetiçõesmáximas (10 RM). O TFE foi realizado na cadeira extensora de forma bilateral com120% da carga máxima obtida no teste de 10 RM. A coleta da IL-6 foi realizadaantes do início da sessão de TFE seguida de 0 hora, 3 horas, 24 horas e 48 apósexecução do exercício. A coleta da CK foi realizada antes e logo após o exercício,coletando sangue da veia ante cubital em tubos a vácuo. Os valores adotados paradiferenças estatisticamente significativas através do Teste t pareado foi de (p< 0,05).Os resultados de composição corporal indicaram (peso: 65,58 + 9,87; estatura: 1,53+ 0,06; % gordura: 42,35 + 4,98). A concentração da CK nas condições préintervençãoe pós-exercício foram significativamente diferentes (pré: 106 + 69,99 U/l;pós: 120 + 86,26 U/l; p= 0,02). A produção do marcador inflamatório IL-6 apresentoudiferença estatisticamente significativa apenas entre os níveis pré-exercício e nomomento 0 hora após o exercício (pré: 3,82 + 3,98 pg/ml; 0 hora: 2,97 + 2,79 pg/ml;p= 0,05). Com isso os resultados apresentaram que o protocolo exercício de forçaexcêntrico induziu aumentos na concentração de CK indicando dano muscularesquelético, e não exacerbação de IL-6 com diminuição em seus níveis pósexercício.Sendo assim, o treinamento de força excêntrico foi significativo pararompimento das fibras musculares e diminuição dos níveis inflamatórios logo após oexercício, indicando que seu efeito crônico, se periodizado e com uma boarecuperação, pode estar associado a ganhos de massa muscular esquelética eamenização do estado inflamatório em idosas obesas
Leukoaraiosis – new concepts and modern imaging
Authors: Marek Marta , Horyniecki Maciej , Frączek Michał , Kluczewska Ewa
Published: July 2018

Leukoaraiosis is a pathological appearance of the brain white matter, which has long been believed to be caused by perfusion disturbances within the arterioles perforating through the deep brain structures. Due to its complex etio­pathogenesis and clinical relevance, leukoaroisosis has been investigated in a multitude of studies. As regards the clinical implications of leukoaraiosis, this neuroimaging finding is strongly related to ischaemic stroke, unfavourable course of ischaemic stroke in the acute phase, worse long-term outcomes, and cognitive disturbances. The morpholo­gical changes in the deep white matter that are collectively described as leukoaraiosis, despite a seemingly homogenous appearance, probably resulting from various causes, such as atherosclerosis, neurotoxic factors including radiation therapy and chemotherapy, and neuroinfections. Based on our experience and recent literature, we present the symptomatology of leukoaroisosis and similar radiological abnormalities of the cerebral white matter.
Sex differences in brain metabolite concentrations in healthy children – proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study (1 HMRS)
Authors: Cichocka Monika , Kozub Justyna , Karcz Paulina , Urbanik Andrzej
Published: July 2018

Purpose

The aim of this 1HMRS study was to define sex-related differences in metabolic spectrum between healthy children. Forty-nine girls and boys aged 6-15 years were examined.

Material and methods

Volume of interest was located in seven brain regions: frontal lobes, basal ganglia, hippocampi, and cerebellum.

Results

Statistical analysis of the results showed significantly higher (p < 0.05) myo-inositol concentrations relative to the total concentrations in the boys than the girls, as well as higher absolute N-acetyl aspartate concentrations in the left frontal lobes in girls. No other significant differences were shown, except for trends in differences.

Conclusions

In clinical practice the diagnostic process first of all focuses on assessing concentrations of metabolites to relative cerebellum concentration. Thus, the findings of the present study allow the conclusion that when analysing the results of 1HMRS studies in children it is not necessary to take into account the child’s gender.
Time-resolved magnetic resonance angiography as a follow-up method for visceral artery aneurysm treated with
coil-embolisation
Authors: Kawai Tatsuya , Shimohira Masashi , Suzuki Kazushi , Ohta Kengo , Kurosaka Kenichiro , Hashizume Takuya , Nishikawa Hiroko , Muto Masahiro , Arai Nobuyuki , Kan Hirohito , Shibamoto Yuta
Published: July 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility and usefulness of time-resolved magnetic resonance angiography (TR-MRA) for follow-up of visceral artery aneurysms (VAAs) after embolotherapy.

Material and methods

Twenty-one VAAs (11 splenic, six renal, three internal iliac, and one superior pancreaticoduodenal artery aneurysms) in 18 patients (median age, 64 years; range, 36-88 years) previously treated by embolisation with platinum coils, were evaluated. The mean size of the aneurysm was 10.5 cm3 (range, 0.3-132 cm3). Among them, 19 lesions were treated by aneurysmal packing with or without distal-to-proximal embolisation. For the remaining two lesions, distal-to-proximal embolization alone was performed. The mean observation period after embolotherapy was 35 weeks (range, 4-216). All patients underwent TR-MRA following an intravenous bolus injection of gadolinium chelate. Recanalisation was diagnosed when any portion of the aneurysmal sac was enhanced in the arterial phase.

Results

On TR-MRA, two lesions were diagnosed as recanalised. They were confirmed by transcatheter arteriography and re-treated by embolotherapy. For the remaining 19 lesions, there were no findings of recanalisation on TR-MRA.

Conclusions

TR-MRA appears to be a feasible method for follow-up examination of VAAs treated by embolotherapy.
The assessment of diagnostic medical images using 10-bit grayscale – fact or myth?
Authors: Chrzan Robert , Urbanik Andrzej
Published: July 2018

Purpose

The aim of the study was to find tests for verification of 10-bit grayscale support for radiological workstation hardware/operating system and for DICOM viewer. Also, we wanted to perform the tests on available workstations.

Material and methods

The following tests were selected to verify 10-bit grayscale support: workstation hardware and operating system tests using DirectX SDK 10BitScanout10.exe and NEC 10bitdemo.exe programs, DICOM viewer tests using TG18-MP and TG18-QC patterns. The tests were performed on 14 radiological workstations in a local department of radiology and on 4 radiological workstations during the technical exhibition at the ECR (European Congress of Radiology) in 2017.

Results

Only 3 out of 14 local workstations passed the hardware and operating system 10-bit grayscale support test. Only one workstation passed the DICOM viewer 10-bit grayscale support test.

Conclusions

Hardware/operating system and DICOM viewer 10-bit grayscale support should be tested on every radio­logical workstation even if compatibility is stated by the manufacturer. Existing medical diagnostic display quality requirements should be adjusted so that 10-bit support for DICOM viewers is only a desirable option.
Western Faculty Profile: Dr. Brad Urquhart
Authors: Vinokurtseva Anastasiya
Published: July 2018

Dr. Brad Urquhart is a Professor in the department of Physiology and Pharmacology at the University of Western Ontario. He completed his undergraduate and graduate degrees, as well as his postdoctoral research at Western. Professor Urquhart teaches several undergraduate Pharmacology courses, including Human Pharmacology and Therapeutic Principles (Pharm3620) and Human Toxicology (Pharm4660A). In his research, Professor Urquhart focuses on patients with kidney disease and their response to therapeutics. He supervises students at the graduate level as well as 4th year Honors BMSc students. In his free time, he is an avid sports fan and loves to spend time with his family.
Security Through Innovation Based on the Research and Development Projects of the Police Academy, Szczytno
Authors: Fałdowski Marek , Nepelski Mariusz
Published: July 2018

New technologies in respect of security make it necessary for the overall national sector for research and innovations to undertake a strategy that is well-thought-out and coordinated with the aims of the state administration departments which relate to internal and external security. In Poland, the European Union plays a crucial role in defining priorities and funding research, in particular the ‘Horizon 2020’ research programme. However, the national programmes are also of great importance. The aim of this article is to introduce innovations for security which are the result of research and development projects. New technologies which directly influence security will be presented on the basis of the Police Academy, Szczytno, which applies for financial help for education in national
and international competitions. Within the national resources, the institution takes part in the competitions of the National Centre for
Research and Development, as well as in national and regional operational programmes. The projects conducted are mainly projects
which are used in and for industry, or they are development programmes for specific consumers within the broadly understood area
of security. The Police Academy, Szczytno, conducts intensive work of innovative nature in the field of security subsequent to receiving
resources for projects and this is presented in great detail by the authors. The objective defined in the paper’s introduction is achieved
by means of showing the full meaning of new technologies for security. This is presented through descriptions of particular projects.
Consequences of Imprisonment and Possibilities of Inﬂ uence on Perpetrator in the Conditions of Penitentiary Isolation
Authors: Sander Gerald G. , Kobes Paweł
Published: July 2018

Imprisonment which is implemented in the present form in European countries has reached its capabilities in terms of re-socialisation, if any function apart from isolating might have been achieved. This has happened because the specificity of penitentiary isolation results in individuals being unable to acquire real-skills to live in the society in accordance with its rules. The paradox of this penalty is that its conditioning favours the destruction of a human, the loss of their ability to function in society rather than their re-socialisation and building the appropriate social attitudes. Prisonisation which affects each
prisoner to varying degrees is mostly to blame, but also other elements inseparably connected with penitentiary isolation. In order to mitigate the influence of negative factors it is necessary to implement the appropriate mechanisms, which, however, are not able to eliminate negative effects of imprisonment, but they are able to mitigate them, as already indicated. The aim of the following publication is an attempt to find a solution, identify which factors negatively influence re-socialisation of prisoners in penitentiary isolation and if there are still any possibilities to improve the system of execution of imprisonment sentence before the penalty in its present form disappears from legal systems. The authors also ask a question: Can a man be taught to live in society in accordance with the rules accepted by it, in spite of the sometimes long-term isolation of this man from the society?
Inspiring Copycat Violent Crime – A Question of Social Responsibility
Authors: Plywaczewski Emil W. , Cebulak Wojciech
Published: July 2018

The phenomenon of copycat crime, especially copycat murder, is nothing new. One would think that, because it has been around for so long, somehow the problem would have been addressed. Unfortunately, that is not the case, as we continue to see important details of horrible and violent crimes being reported by mass media without reflection on, or consideration of, how this type of information could be used by some in planning their own crimes, imitating the crime reported. This article discusses both the media and the law enforcement aspect of the copycat problem and concludes with the authors’ own recommendations. It is essential that both mass media and police make important changes in their approach to releasing information about crime to the public. It is naïve to believe that only law-abiding people are consumers of mass media, or that important details about the commission of violent crimes that are reported by media are never going to be used by anybody for an illegal purpose.
The Terrorism of Islamic Fundamentalists
Authors: Zubrzycki Waldemar
Published: July 2018

Fundamentalism is a general term denoting religious movements which consider religious traditions to be of the highest importance and are reluctant to introduce any changes which are seen as an infringement of religious identity. Fundamentalism is a characteristic of all religions in the world, however, in the case of Islam — in the recent years — it has often been the cause of terrorist acts. The dogmata of Islam are defined in the Quran, according to which there are five pillars of Islam to which every Muslim has to adhere. The characteristic feature of Islamic fundamentalism is to introduce specific ways of life based on traditional standards described in the Quran, they define social and political aspects of life as well as detachment from the Western way of life. The cause of this is frustration and social dissatisfaction along with a rejection of modern methods and changes proposed by the West. Preaching slogans which encourage fighting against injustice and demoralisation in the name of creating “a better world”, along with a proprietary right to interpret the verses of the Quran, results in the promotion of terrorism, including suicide attacks. The cult of sacrificing one’s own life is treated in Islam as a heroic deed, in which the doer sacrifices what he deems most important. Martyrdom, glory after death, the sense of self-sacrifice for the sake of a divine cause are factors which make Islamic terrorists accept their own demise and this is not considered as the end of their existence but rather its beginning and privileged because of the sacrifice of one’s life for Islam. The foundation of Islamic terrorism is the rivalry between the values of the West and the fundamentalist and traditionalist tendencies of the Arabic countries. Anti-West attitudes together with a politicised version of Islam are major threats not only to both sides but also the whole world.