bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Terminal Effector CD8 T Cells Defined by an IKZF2+IL-7R− Transcriptional Signature Express FcγRIIIA, Expand in HIV Infection, and Mediate Potent HIV-Specific Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity
Authors: Naluyima Prossy , Lal Kerri G. , Costanzo Margaret C. , Kijak Gustavo H. , Gonzalez Veronica D. , Blom Kim , Eller Leigh Anne , Creegan Matthew , Hong Ting , Kim Dohoon , Quinn Thomas C. , Björkström Niklas K. , Ljunggren Hans-Gustaf , Serwadda David , Katabira Elly T. , Sewankambo Nelson K. , Gray Ronald H. , Baeten Jared M. , Michael Nelson L. , Wabwire-Mangen Fred , Robb Merlin L. , Bolton Diane L. , Sandberg Johan K. , Eller Michael A.
Published: September 2019

HIV-1 infection expands large populations of late-stage differentiated CD8 T cells that may persist long after viral escape from TCR recognition. In this study, we investigated whether such CD8 T cell populations can perform unconventional innate-like antiviral effector functions. Chronic untreated HIV-1 infection was associated with elevated numbers of CD45RA+CD57+ terminal effector CD8 T cells expressing FcγRIIIA (CD16). The FcγRIIIA+ CD8 T cells displayed a distinctive transcriptional profile between conventional CD8 T cells and NK cells, characterized by high levels of IKZF2 and low expression of IL7R. This transcriptional profile translated into a distinct NKp80+ IL-7Rα− surface phenotype with high expression of the Helios transcription factor. Interestingly, the FcγRIIIA+ CD8 T cells mediated HIV-specific Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity at levels comparable with NK cells on a per cell basis. The FcγRIIIA+ CD8 T cells were highly activated in a manner that correlated positively with expansion of the CD8 T cell compartment and with plasma levels of soluble mediators of antiviral immunity and inflammation such as IP-10, TNF, IL-6, and TNFRII. The frequency of FcγRIIIA+ CD8 T cells persisted as patients initiated suppressive antiretroviral therapy, although their activation levels declined. These data indicate that terminally differentiated effector CD8 T cells acquire enhanced innate cell-like characteristics during chronic viral infection and suggest that HIV-specific ADCC is a function CD8 T cells use to target HIV-infected cells. Furthermore, as the FcγRIIIA+ CD8 T cells persist in treatment, they contribute significantly to the ADCC-capable effector cell pool in patients on antiretroviral therapy.
Trends in physiotherapy research in South Africa 1980-1989
Authors: Mitchell J.
Published: September 2019

A survey of the main papers published in the South African Journal of Physiotherapy over the past 10 years (1980 to 1989) was conducted to establish the trends in research methodology, subject topic and qualifications of the first authors. It was found that there is a significant increase in the number of experimental trials used and a similar decrease in the number of surveys conducted from the first to the second five-year periods (1980 to 1984 and 1985 to 1989). Statistical analyses of data were more often used in the second period. There is a marked increase in the number of articles on education/administration in the second period. In this period from 1985 to 1989, there are fewer first authors with a Diploma in Physiotherapy only, a medical degree or a technical qualification, while there are more first authors with postgraduate qualifications. These findings support the observation that there is a growing awareness of the need for a more scientific approach to Physiotherapy research.
Comparative Study of Endonasal Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy and External Dacryocystorhinostomy
Authors: Mohindroo NK , Singh Harjitpal
Published: September 2019

A prospective study on 50 cases of chronic dacryocystitis was done to see outcome of management by endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) in Indian population and to look for its advantages or disadvantages over external-DCR. Effect of mitomycin-C was also evaluated in endoscopic DCR cases. Dacryocystitis was diagnosed on the basis of clinical examination by doing regurgitation test and lacrimal syringing. These patients were divided into two groups: group I consisted of those 25 subjects who were planned for endonasal endoscopic DCR and group II of those 25 subjects who underwent external-DCR in ophthalmology department. Of all the cases, maximum number of cases was in the age group of 21 to 35 years, 27 (54%) cases, 88% were females and 12% were males. External-DCR required a relatively longer surgical duration of an average 65 minutes as compared to 35 minutes for endonasal DCR. Average hospital stay for patient in group I was 3 days and it was 7 days in group II. There were minimal intraoperative complications in endoscopic procedure as compared to external-DCR group. Average follow-up was 6 months. Primary success rate was 96% in both the groups. Thus, it was concluded that both the procedures represent good alternatives for the treatment of primary nasolacrimal sac or duct obstruction or chronic dacryocystitis, endoscopic DCR having advantage of less complications and less traumatic. Mitomycin-C was found to be helpful in reducing fibrosis.

How to cite this article

Singh H, Mohindroo NK. Comparative Study of Endonasal Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy and External Dacryocystorhinostomy. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2015;8(1):1-4.
Role of Nasal Endoscopy in Sinonasal Diseases
Authors: Shelkar Ritesh , Vedi Jeevan , Patel Seema , Dasgupta KS , Lanjewar Kanchan
Published: September 2019

Aims and objectives

To evaluate sinunasal diseases with the help of nasal endoscopy. To study efficacy of nasal endoscopy in diagnosing nasal pathology over clinical examination. To define medical and surgical functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS), management according to type of nasal pathology. To define applications of nasal endoscopy (biopsy, swab, epistaxis control, foreign body removal, rhinolith removal, follow-up).

Materials and methods

Total 100 patients were studied. Patients came with complaints of nasal blocking, nasal discharge, mass in nasal cavity, bleeding etc, included in study. Pre-endoscopic assessment was carried out like history, examination, investigation. Endoscopic was done after consent under necessary anesthesia. Endoscopy was done using 0 and 30Â° endoscope with three standard passes.

Result

Total 100 patients were studied. Male to female ratio was 1.8:1. Out of 100 patients maximum number of patients had chronic sinusitis on nasal endoscopy examination (22); followed by nasal polyp (27) and deviated nasal septum and epistaxis (10). Nasal endoscopy was an excellent diagnostic aid in condition like epistaxis, nasal mass, nasal obstruction, foreign body, nasopharyngeal tumor.

Conclusion

Diagnostic nasal endoscopy offers high diagnostic accuracy in patient with sinonasal complaints. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy is gold standard tool in patient having sinonasal complaints. It has high accuracy due to vision control, has less bleeding, minimal complication, and early postoperative recovery. It is a good tool for diagnosing anatomical variation.

How to cite this article

Shelkar R, Vedi J, Patel S, Dasgupta KS, Lanjewar K. Role of Nasal Endoscopy in Sinonasal Diseases. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2015;8(1):8-11.
Computed Tomography of Paranasal Sinus Pathologies with Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery/Nasal Endoscopy Correlation
Authors: Rao Kiran
Published: September 2019

A prospective study conducted on 50 patients in Sri Guru Ram Das (SGRD) Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amritsar, India, suffering from paranasal sinus diseases correlating the findings of computed tomography (CT) using Siemens somatom emotion 6 slice CT machine with diagnostic nasal endoscopy or functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS).

Infection of the paranasal sinuses is very common. Surgical clearance of these chronically infected sinuses while maintaining their ventilation and drainage is the treatment of choice. To achieve this goal, there should be some diagnostic modality which guides us towards exact diagnosis and safe intervention. Computed tomography proves to be the most reliable method of preoperative assessment of patients undergoing FESS as it delineates the extent of the disease, define any anatomical variants and relationship of the sinuses with the surrounding important structures. Thus, providing a road map for sinus surgery.

In our study, most patients were in the 3rd and 4th decades of their life with equal disease incidence in males and females. The most common sinus involved was anterior ethmoid sinus while sphenoid sinus was least commonly involved. Commonest pattern of inflammation was sinonasal polyposis followed by osteomeatal unit pattern. On correlating CT diagnosis with final diagnosis, chronic sinusitis has 86% sensitivity and 96.5% specificity. Polyps have sensitivity of 96.15% and specificity of 95.83%. Again for fungal sinusitis CT has lower sensitivity of 71.4% and specificity of 93.02%. For diagnosing benign and malignant lesions CT has 100% sensitivity, specificity, could be due to small number of masses evaluated. This study proved that CT is the modality of choice for evaluation and planning the management of symptomatic patients of paranasal sinus pathologies.

How to cite this article

Rao K. Computed Tomography of Paranasal Sinus Pathologies with Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery/Nasal Endoscopy Correlation. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2015;8(1):15-19.
Adulthood Presentation of Bilateral Complete Congenital Choanal Atresia with other Congenital Anomalies: A Case Report with Review of Literature
Authors: Agarwal Vinish Kumar , Bist Sampan Singh , Mishra Sarita Kumari , Bharti Bhartendu
Published: September 2019

Bilateral choanal atresia is an otorhinolaryngology emergency. It is a potentially life-threatening disorder because the affected newborn is an obligate nose breather. We report clinical and radiological evaluation of a patient with congenital bilateral choanal atresia, who presented at the 20-year of age with other congenital anomalies. Patient was diagnosed as congenital bilateral choanal atresia, right accessory nasal deformity, high arched palate with congenital phthisis bulbi of his left eye. He was posted for transnasal endoscopic surgery under general anesthesia. Unique feature of this case is left congenital phthisis bulbi along with bilateral congenital choanal atresia probably the first case report having both anomalies in a single patient. While performing surgery, we should carefully study the anatomy of the basisphenoid, as in our case we did not attempt to correct atresia on right side.

How to cite this article

Agarwal VK, Bist SS, Mishra SK, Bharti B. Adulthood Presentation of Bilateral Complete Congenital Choanal Atresia with other Congenital Anomalies: A Case Report with Review of Literature. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2015;8(1):24-26.
Endoscopic Endonasal Approach of Orbital Medial Wall Reconstruction using Septal Cartilage: A Rare Surgical Case Report
Authors: Rajasekar MK , Vivek M , Narendrakumar V
Published: September 2019

Orbital fractures can cause facial disfigurement and disturbs vision. Medial orbital wall fractures are diagnosed with frequent use of computed tomography (CT) scans in the diagnosis of orbital trauma. Orbital reconstruction plays a challenging role for the surgeons as it comes in a multitude of different forms. We report a case of 45-year male with a history of assault presented with diminution of vision, restricted abduction and diplopia of the left eye. Computed tomography scan showed fracture of the left medial orbital wall fracture and the patient was treated by endoscopic endonasal approach of medial orbital wall reconstruction using septal cartilage.

How to cite this article

Rajasekar MK, Vivek M, Narendrakumar V. Endoscopic Endonasal Approach of Orbital Medial Wall Reconstruction using Septal Cartilage: A Rare Surgical Case Report. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2015;8(1):30-33.
Who is More Hands on with Hand-offs? A Comparative Study of Clinical Handovers among Doctors and Nurses in a Tertiary Care Center in India
Authors: Jithesh V , Gupta Shakti Kumar , Kumar Parmeshwar , Vij Aarti
Published: September 2019

Background

Standardized handovers have been known to improve outcome, reduce error and enhance communication. Few, if aany, comparative studies on clinical handovers have been conducted in the India.

Objective

To study clinical handover practices among nurses and doctors in a neurosciences center in India.

Design and setting

This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted over 4 months in a 200 bedded public sector tertiary care facility in New Delhi, India.

Materials and methods

The handover practices of nurses and resident doctors in a neurology ward were assessed across shifts, weekdays and weekends using a pretested checklist. Ten elements were observed under the categories of time, place, record, process, staff interaction and patient communication. Outcomes were analyzed using z-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Spearman's correlation coefficient.

Results

Three hundred and eighty-two handovers each of nurses and doctors revealed varying adherence for time (44%), place (63%), documentation (50%), process (78%), staff interaction (50%) and patient communication (45%) related elements with overall compliance being 55%. Doctors fared better only in process elements and bedside handovers; however, only nurses had a statistically significant fall in levels over weekends and in night shifts. Staff interaction and patient communication were positively correlated and bedside handover was negatively related to handover duration in both groups. No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups when assessed as categories.

Conclusion

Study revealed a need for a system change and standardization of clinical handovers. Greater administrative commitment, use of technology, customized training and leadership development will aid in continuity of care, promote patient safety and ensure better outcomes.

How to cite this article

Kumar P, Jithesh V, Vij A, Gupta SK. Who is More Hands on with Hand-offs? A Comparative Study of Clinical Handovers among Doctors and Nurses in a Tertiary Care Center in India. Int J Res Foundation Hosp Healthc Adm 2015;3(1):33-40.
Transfusion Reaction Reporting Culture in Hemovigilance Program of India since Its Inception
Authors: Singh Surinder , Gupta Shakti Kumar , Bisht Akanksha
Published: September 2019

Hemovigilance Program of India (HvPI) at the national level was launched on 10th December 2012 by National Institute of Biologicals (NIB), Noida, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India as the National Coordinating Centre (NCC). Awareness about the program, its objectives and its nonpunitive implications are being generated through organizing continuing medical educations (CMEs) on HvPI in different regions of the country from time to time. A total of 24 CMEs on HvPI have been organized all across the country. The study shows that creating awareness about this progam among healthcare professionals has resulted in substantial increase in number of center enrolled under HvPI as well as number of reporting of transfusion reactions under HvPI since the inception of this program.

How to cite this article

Bisht A, Gupta SK, Singh S. Transfusion Reaction Reporting Culture in Hemovigilance Program of India since Its Inception. Int J Res Foundation Hosp Healthc Adm 2015;3(2):69-70.
A Study of Patient Safety with Special Reference to Incidence of Adverse Events taking Place in Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India
Authors: Mirza Moonis , Jan Farooq A , Mumtaz Syed Hina , Sofi Fayaz Ahmad , Wani Rauf Ahmad
Published: September 2019

Background

Adverse events in hospitals are now widely agreed to be a serious problem, annually killing more people than breast cancer or AIDS. Aims: To study incidence of adverse events in admitted patients by current record review.

Aims

To study incidence of adverse events in admitted patients by current record review.

Materials and methods

A two-staged prospective study for a period of 1 year was carried out. Current records of inpatients were screened for adverse events. The adverse event was categorized as preventable or nonpreventable on the basis of World Health Organization (WHO) set confidence score of preventability.

Results

A total of 3150 patients were screened, among which 488 (15.5%) patients were screened positive for having adverse event. Readmission during last 12 months to any given healthcare for the same health condition (32.79%) was the most common adverse event seen. Hospital acquired infection/sepsis (26.64%) was the second most common adverse event seen. The 78% of adverse events presented with untoward outcome among which 81.8% of adverse events resulted in admission in wards, 4.33% adverse events were associated with death, 23.4% adverse events were associated with disability at discharge and 35.5% adverse events were associated with prolonged stay. A total of 67.4% of studied adverse events showed signs of healthcare team responsible for causing adverse events, among which 76.8% of adverse events occurred outside SKIMS before the index admission. A total of 71.3% of adverse events were categorized preventable.

Conclusion

Hospital acquired infection was found responsible for prolonged stay of the patients. Proper referral policy must be followed by the department of health services.

How to cite this article

Mirza M, Jan FA, Mumtaz SH, Sofi FA, Wani RA. A Study of Patient Safety with Special Reference to Incidence of Adverse Events taking Place in Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India. Int J Res Foundation Hosp Healthc Adm 2015;3(2):91-97.
A Study of the Awareness Levels of Universal Precautions in High-risk Areas of a Super-specialty Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Jain Kanika , Singh IB , Lathwal Amit , Arya Sanjay Kumar , Ahlawat Ravinder
Published: September 2019

Centers for disease control and prevention (CDC), Atlanta, in 1987, defined universal precautions and recommended that blood and body fluid precautions be consistently used for all patients. Although universal precautions have been in existence for a long period of time and the risk of transmission of blood borne infections to healthcare workers (HCWs) is very real, the awareness levels among HCWs to these precautions is still far from satisfactory.

This study was conceived to study the knowledge of universal precautions in high-risk areas of a super-specialty tertiary care hospital in India among different categories of HCWs.

A pretested structured questionnaire common to all the categories of HCWs was used to study the awareness levels of universal precautions. Each question was assigned a unit score. Seventy-five percent score in the questionnaire was taken as cut-off for adequate knowledge.

The findings of the study reveal that the HCWs who had adequate knowledge of universal precautions were 29 (30%) out of 96 HCWs. These included 17 (53%) doctors, 8 (36%) nurses, 3 (31%) technical staffs and 1 (5%) housekeeping staff.

How to cite this article

Lathwal A, Arya SK, Singh IB, Ahlawat R, Jain K. A Study of the Awareness Levels of Universal Precautions in High-risk Areas of a Super-specialty Tertiary Care Hospital. Int J Res Foundation Hosp Healthc Adm 2015;3(2):98-102.
Regulation of Biologicals: Indian Perspective
Authors: Singh Surinder , Bisht Akanksha
Published: September 2019

How to cite this article

Singh S, Bisht A. Regulation of Biologicals: Indian Perspective. Int J Res Foundation Hosp Healthc Adm 2015;3(2):135-136.
Una década de arte brasileño en España (2005-2015): un estado de la cuestión
Authors: Duarte-Feitoza Paulo H.
Published: September 2019

En el período 2005-2015, coincidiendo con un período económicamente rico en Brasil, diversas instituciones españolas, públicas y privadas, programaron una inaudita cantidad de exposiciones de arte brasileño. Este artículo analiza algunas cuestiones que consideramos importantes sobre el papel de las instituciones españolas en la visibilidad e internacionalización del arte brasileño. En este sentido, este artículo tiene dos objetivos principales: 1) presentar un estado de la cuestión, desplegando las muestras de arte brasileño realizadas en España, y; 2) problematizar las narrativas del arte brasileño a través del análisis de formatos, categorías, artistas y agentes presentes en estas exposiciones.
La experiencia de un taller para el fomento de la creatividad en niños de Primaria
Authors: Jenaro-Río Cristina , Castaño-Calle Raimundo , García-Perez Omaña Alfredo
Published: September 2019

La creatividad es ese conjunto de capacidades y disposiciones que hacen que una persona produzca con frecuencia productos creativos. Numerosos artículos se centran en la importancia de fomentar la creatividad en contextos educativos. En el presente estudio ofrecemos una aproximación diferente puesto que la intervención, en la que se contó con 32 participantes, se lleva a cabo en un contexto de actividad extraescolar, desarrollado en el campo de las actividades artísticas y plásticas. Los participantes son diversos en capacidades, edades y procedencia desde un punto de vista sociocultural. Además y a diferencia de programas de intervención que inciden específicamente en el desarrollo de la creatividad, la presente intervención incide en la educación artística que trata el dibujo, el color, la composición y también experimenta la posibilidad plástica de otros materiales. Esta aproximación complementa otras aproximaciones más académicas y abre nuevas vías para el desarrollo de la creatividad en todos los niños y niñas. La utilización de la prueba de imaginación creativa PIC-N para valorar cambios en creatividad ha mostrado su adecuación psicométrica y su utilidad para revelar mejoras en creatividad de los participantes en El Taller, frente al grupo control (n=32).
Mihumisang: Formosan Tribal Voices
Authors: Eisenberg Amy
Published: September 2019

As Formosan National Parks research fellow with the Bunun tribe, whose homeland is Yushan National Park and well beyond its borders, I witnessed and published the desecration of a Bunun cemetery by Taiwanese developers in the Bunun hot springs village of Tungpu. As Yushan Tribal College professor, I asked my students to consult their elders. These are their stories.
The Dawn of Translation
Authors: Geczy Adam
Published: September 2019

This photo essay was part of a project at a studio residency in December 2018 in the Hòa Binh Province situated in northwest Vietnam. It is home to a minority (roughly 1.5 percent of the population) known as the Muong. They lay claim to a special indigeneity dating back to the second century, when the population began to become heavily Sinicized. Living in the mountains, they escaped the same level of interracial mixing as those in the more populated lower regions. The art project began as “Drawn in Translation,” in which I wrote fragments each day and translated them electronically, first into French and then into Vietnamese, anticipating errors. These texts were then rendered on a paper roll and interspersed with drawings taken from photographs, some of which are reproduced below. As a flow from the first project, this photo-essay is entitled “The Dawn of Translation,” as it expresses the many mismatches that occur in encounters with people, landscapes, and customs different from one's own.
The Land Since Time Immemorial: A Review of the Assimilation Policies on Indigenous Peoples Through Canada's Indian Act
Authors: Neeganagwedgin Erica
Published: September 2019

In the past, Britain, and later Canada, implemented a series of laws and policies concerning Indigenous nations. This article provides a review of Canada's 1876 Indian Act and examines some of the ways in which the Canadian government has dominated Indigenous peoples throughout its history.
Making the Most of the Middle: Zelda Fitzgerald and Dawn Powell inCollege Humor
Authors: Lawson Ashley
Published: September 2019

The brief period when Zelda Fitzgerald and Dawn Powell both published in the magazine College Humor offers a unique lens through which to view not only each author's larger body of work but also this critically neglected magazine. By placing the stories within a middlebrow context, this article charts the way these authors utilized such conventions to make pointed critiques of gender expectations as represented by the flapper. Such an approach also helps us understand the underappreciated role that middlebrow magazines played as a venue for female authors who sought to protest restrictive gender ideals in an era of unprecedented freedom.
Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazineand the Postpulp: From Modern to Postmodern
Authors: Pennywark Leah
Published: September 2019

From its origins in the 1940s through the 1960s, Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine exceeded the boundaries of modernist literature and mystery fiction, making connections between genre and literary fiction and contributing to the development of a popular postmodernism. Cold War mystery fiction makes visible the contradictions inherent in US containment culture, revealing the epistemological apprehensions that underpin and connect modern and postmodern literature. Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine constellates Cold War cultural binaries through the lens of mystery, performing the breakdown of these narratives into spatialized and hybrid forms, shaping the turn from modernism into postmodernism.
“We do not want our war memorials turned out by the thousand, like 75 mm. shells”: The Arts and Crafts Movement, Print Culture, and World War I Commemoration in Britain
Authors: Malone Carolyn
Published: September 2019

This article explores the role of print culture in the Arts and Crafts movement's campaign to guide the nation in its commemoration of the war dead. They held meetings and exhibitions and published circulars, pamphlets, and articles in art and architecture journals. Because of public interest in the subject, newspapers and a wide array of journals publicized their activities and ideas. It is this article's contention that print culture enabled them to reach a broader public and to frame the debate about war memorials. This is an important facet of commemoration that has been largely overlooked in the scholarship.
ANÁLISE DA GESTÃO PÚBLICA NA ARBORIZAÇÃO URBANA EM MUNICÍPIOS DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO
Authors: Stenico Joyce , Pacheco Flávia Domingos , Venier Marcos Paulo Marcuz , Cerimarco Marcos José Chagas , Silva Filho Demóstenes Ferreira da , Leão Marcelo Machado
Published: September 2019

A gestão da arborização urbana é de responsabilidade direta dos municípios, ou seja, as prefeituras são encarregadas pelas avaliações, autorizações, plantio, manejo e supressão dos indivíduos arbóreos. O objetivo do trabalho foi analisar os processos de gestão realizados, bem como a situação da arborização viária de 50 cidades do Estado de São Paulo, por meio de aplicação de questionários via telefônica e por e-mail. Em linhas gerais, os centros urbanos analisados mostraram-se bastante deficientes em relação ao planejamento e ao manejo das árvores nas vias públicas, o que indica a necessidade da administração pública dispensar maior atenção ao tema e aumentar os investimentos na área.
ANÁLISE DE RISCO DE QUEDA DE ÁRVORES: Tilia tomentosa Moench
Authors: Carvalho Ana Luísa Pereira de , Ferreira Danielly , Santos Maria Cristina Morais Penas Nabais dos
Published: September 2019

Lidar com os riscos inerentes ao processo de arborização nas cidades é o grande desafio para a gestão do espaço urbano. Com o objetivo de analisar o risco de queda de árvores, foi desenvolvido e aplicado formulário de inspeção visual. Foram realizadas tomografias acústicas como ferramenta complementar de avaliação da condição mecânica da estrutura do tronco de árvores. A coleta de dados é relativa a exemplares vivos da espécie Tilia tomentosa Moench, no Parque Dr. Manuel Braga, em Coimbra/Portugal. Os resultados da inspeção visual subsidiaram a seleção dos exemplares submetidos à tomografia acústica e culminaram na classificação das árvores em termos de risco, sugerindo a necessidade de monitoramento dos ramos das árvores. Os resultados obtidos a partir das tomografias acústicas são coincidentes com estruturas consideradas mecanicamente estáveis, mesmo para aquelas visualmente consideradas condenadas. A inexistência de um banco de dados mundial sobre árvores urbanas e as dificuldades inerentes ao diagnóstico contribuem para aumentar a complexidade da análise de risco de queda de árvores, acentuando a necessidade de viabilizar suporte técnico-científico, para garantir prevenção de danos e adequada tomada de decisão quanto à realização de intervenções nas árvores do ambiente urbano. Espera-se com o presente contribuir para estudos de Tilias.
CATOLICISMO E TRADIÇÕES ORIENTAIS: ENFOQUE INTRODUTÓRIO SOB O PARADIGMA DA ORIENTALIZAÇÃO
Authors: Dantas Renan Baptistin
Published: September 2019

Este trabalho parte de questionamentos que acompanham as reflexões iniciais de minha pesquisa de mestrado, na qual investigo interfaces entre membros e grupos oficialmente ligados a ICAR (Igreja Católica Apostólica Romana) e filosofias e práticas orientais asiáticas. Observamos diferentes casos empíricos neste sentido, que entrelaçam elementos e significados tradicionalmente católicos e orientais (como Zen e Yoga) em experiencias hibridas, tais quais o “Zen Católico” e a “Yoga Cristã”. Tendo em vista esse universo, nos propomos a discuti-lo a partir de uma revisão crítica da tese defendida pelo sociólogo Colin Campbell a respeito da “orientalização do ocidente” (1997), levando também em consideração processos de “(re)invenção de tradições” (HOBSBAWM, 1984) nele imbricados.
Students and Emergency Medicine: what is the standard level of first aid knowledge?
Authors: Kujawa Katarzyna
Published: September 2019

Background. First aid is a critical skill, and knowing how to perform it may ultimately save a person’s life.
Aim of the study. The aim of the study was to assess the level of first aid knowledge among students from three backgrounds: medicine, science, and the humanities.
Materials and methods. The authors surveyed a group of 180 fifth-year physiotherapy, geoinformatics, and psychology students, of which there were 60 from each discipline. The authors used an anonymous survey of their own design, composed of open- and closed-ended questions, which included 15 questions about first aid rules. The research was conducted in Wrocław, Poland.
Results. Only 60 students (30.33%) had previously had the opportunity to receive first aid training during the course of their studies. An additional 100 students (55.56%) claimed they were familiar with first aid rules. Of the physiotherapy students, 32 (53.3%) declared they would remain calm and composed in an emergency situation, with men claiming they would remain more composed than women. The difference in behaviour turned out to be statistically significant; the value of the chi-square test was 13.74. Students who had had prior first aid training at university were the most familiar with life-saving techniques and claimed they would remain the most composed in an emergency situation (32 students from physiotherapy; 53:3%). Prior to taking the first aid exam, the majority of students (100 respondents; 55.6% of the total) were confident that they would obtain the maximum number of points possible on the test. However, upon completion, they were found to have a medium level of knowledge at 889 points out of 1,500, or 59%.
Conclusions. The level of first aid knowledge among university students should be dramatically improved, so they are able to perform first aid with some level of expertise, should the need ever arise. To facilitate this, every university should include first aid classes in their curriculum. First aid techniques should be revised and refreshed every six months.
Hegel's Analysis of Egyptian Art and Architecture as a Form of Philosophical Anthropology
Authors: Stewart Jon ,   Hegel Society of America
Published: September 2019

In his different analyses of ancient Egypt, Hegel underscores the marked absence of writings by the Egyptians. Unlike the Chinese with the I Ching or the Shoo king, the Indians with the Ramayana and the Mahabharata, the Persians with the Avesta, the Jews with the Old Testament, and the Greeks with the poems of Homer and Hesiod, the Egyptians, despite their developed system of hieroglyphic writing, left behind no great canonical text. Instead, he claims, they left their mark by means of the architecture and art. This paper explores Hegel’s analysis of the Egyptians’ obelisks, pyramids, sphinxes, etc. in order to understand why he believes that these are so important for understanding the Egyptian spirit. This analysis illustrates Hegel’s use of history and culture in the service of philosophical anthropology.
The Species Problem in Hegel's Philosophy of Nature
Authors: Krahn Martin ,   Hegel Society of America
Published: September 2019

In this article, I argue that species are mutable in Hegel’s philosophy of biology. While scholars have argued for the compatibility of Hegel’s philosophy and Darwin’s theory of evolution, none have dealt with the ontological status of species in their respective accounts. In order to make the case that for Hegel species are mutable, I first deal with a textual problem that in the 1827 edition of the Encyclopedia, the species concept appears after the sexual relationship, whereas in the 1830 edition it appears prior. I argue that these different sequences entail different models for the species concept. By examining the conceptual development leading up to the account of species, on the one hand, and contemporary biological accounts of the status of species on the other, I argue that the 1827 model is more consistent both with Hegel’s method and with the species concept of contemporary biology.
Neurčitá Identita v Kvantové Oblasti a Strukturní Realismus
Authors: Dvořák Petr ,   University of South Bohemia
Published: September 2019

The paper deals with the problem whether there can exist indeterminate identity. If one accepts Evans’s argument, then statements about indeterminate identity can be true, but only those, in which at least one of the singular terms does not refer determinately. One does not have to explain all vagueness as semantic, i.e. as indeterminacy of meaning, because some such statements can be true on account of indeterminacy of reality. This can be shown in the particular quantum case introduced by Lowe concerning the identity of an absorbed and emitted electron. The singular terms within the identity statements in this example are to be understood in the way pointed out by Abasnezhad and in the manner Barnes and Williams take names in statements of identity between Kilimanjaro and one of the precise aggregates of particles of which the mountain consists: One of the names refers indeterminately. This indeterminacy is of the kind belonging to indefinite descriptions. The issue of individuality on quantum level can be understood using resources of structural realism of James Ladyman.
Determinação de substâncias húmicas em diferentes tipos de compostos
Authors: Demarco Carolina Faccio , Afonso Thays França , Cecconello Samanta Tolentino , Dos Santos Natali Rodrigues , Diesel Tatiana Nunes , Cortez Adriane Xavier , Andreazza Robson , Quadro Maurizio Silveira
Published: September 2019

As substâncias húmicas presentes na matéria orgânica do solo representam o compartimento de maior reatividade nos solos. Deste modo, mensurar as modificações que ocorrem na matéria orgânica do solo (MOS), a qual originam as substâncias húmicas (ácidos húmicos (AH); ácidos fúlvicos (AF) e humina (H)), auxilia no processo de diferenciação entre compostos orgânicos e vermicompostos que passaram por sistemas de compostagem. Diante disso, este estudo teve por objetivos determinar as substâncias húmicas presente em dois tipos de compostos orgânicos, sendo eles o substrato comercial e um substrato comercial adicionado a vermicompostagem de frutas e legumes, além de realizar um comparativo e definir as diferenças quanto os teores das frações das substâncias húmicas encontradas nos mesmos. A metodologia empregada para determinação das substâncias húmicas e seu fracionamento, análise espectroscópica de infravermelho, para caracterização dos diferentes compostos foi baseada em Antunes (2009). O composto comercial adicionado a vermicompostagem de frutas e legumes apresentou maior índice de humificação e percentual de humificação. Já o composto comercial isolado apresentou as maiores frações de AH e AF e maiores conteúdos de compostos aromáticos. A predominância de ácidos húmicos sobre os fúlvicos em ambos os compostos, indicou que ocorreram os processos de humificação adequada dos resíduos avaliados para os dois compostos.
Desenvolvimento de mudas de eucalipto submetidas à fertirrigação com água residuária da suinocultura
Authors: Souza José Antonio Rodrigues de , Moreira Débora Astoni , Silva Éllen Lemes , Rezende Diego César Veloso , Oliveira Walisson Marques , Rezende João Gabriel Felismino , Ribeiro Wesley Anderson Siqueira
Published: September 2019

Uma das alternativas que se tem apontado para a resolução dos problemas causados pela disposição inadequada de resíduos agroindustriais é a sua reutilização na agricultura. Todavia, o uso incorreto pode causar efeitos deletérios ao solo, aos recursos hídricos e ser fator de risco a saúde animal e humana. Assim, com este trabalho, objetivou-se estudar o reuso da água residuária da suinocultura (ARS) no desenvolvimento de mudas de eucalipto. Para isso, foram produzidas mudas da variedade Eucalyptus urophylla, as quais foram transplantadas para vasos e submetidas a fertirrigações com ARS, após tratamento preliminar, de modo a se fornecer 100% e 200% da dose nitrogênio recomendada para o eucalipto, sem adubação mineral complementar e com adubação mineral complementar. A adubação mineral complementar foi calculada subtraindo-se a quantidade de fósforo e potássio aportada pelas diferentes doses de ARS daqueles valores recomendados para a cultura. Os resultados permitiram concluir que a fertirrigação com ARS possibilitou o suprimento das demandas nutricionais, proporcionando mudas com bom desenvolvimento e metabolismo, apresentando maiores comprimentos, diâmetros do coleto e índice de qualidade; considerando-se os aspectos econômicos e ambientais, a fertirrigação com ARS fornecendo 200% da dose de nitrogênio, sem complementação da adubação, passa a ser uma recomendação técnica e ambientalmente adequada.
Análise da qualidade dos blocos cerâmicos de vedação produzidos no município de Porto Nacional (TO)
Authors: Alves Jacqueline Pereira Cursino , Carvalho Fernanda Santos de , Guimarães Jordan Pinto , Oliveira Thallya Nóbrega , Lima Diogo Pedreira
Published: September 2019

A qualidade da obra acabada está diretamente associada a qualidade dos materiais nela empregados. O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar os blocos de cerâmicas vermelhas produzidos na região de Porto Nacional (TO). Os parâmetros adotados foram de acordo com o que dita a norma da Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas (ABNT), exposto na NBR 15270: 2005. Segundo os dados obtidos é possível observar que a maioria dos fornecedores entrevistados afirmaram desconhecer a norma ABNT NBR 15270: 2005 (apenas 1 dos 4 analisados diz conhecê-la, o que equivale a 25%). Isso constitui um dado preocupante, porque o não conhecimento sugere que os blocos produzidos dificilmente apresentarão qualidades satisfatórias. Para a fabricação dos itens, a extração da matéria-prima de todas as empresas examinadas foi feita no município de Monte do Carmo (TO). A verificação dos blocos, foi realizada em laboratório. Observou-se que os resultados dos ensaios geométricos, físicos e mecânicos mostram que os fornecedoras não possuem produtos conforme a ABNT NBR 15270: 2005. No ensaio de resistência à compressão, nenhum dos blocos analisados apresentou resistência maior ou igual a 1,5MPa. Além disso, foram detectadas várias fissuras e deformabilidades nos blocos de todas as cerâmicas que prejudicam a utilização e desempenho das peças. Há necessidade de um esforço maior para as empresas adequarem os seus respectivos modos de fabricação.
An analysis of the mechanism of aging: endogenous viral stimulus and the deleterious effect of chronic inflammation
Authors: Ochirov Chingis
Published: September 2019

This article describes a putative mechanism of aging based on the interaction of endogenous viral particles with the receptors of the innate immune system leading to producing pro-inflammatory cytokines. The innate immune response induces a complex of signaling pathways leading to senescence or tumorigenesis. The fate of a cell is depended on the activity of the p53 tumor-suppressive signaling pathway. Chronic inflammation is characterized by upregulation of the NF-kB signaling. The NF-kB protein stimulates the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) leading to remodeling of extracellular matrix. The extracellular matrix alterations induce the loss of stem cell environment and their depletion. The innate immune system also mediates the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway that inhibits autophagy and transforms energy metabolism providing cell senescence, high level of blood glucose, high lipid synthesis and mitochondrial alterations. The STAT3-HIF1 signaling pathway suppresses oxidative phosphorylation increasing ROS production and promoting the MAPK pathway leading to excessive cell proliferation. The increased ROS production causes the global DNA and histone demethylation contributing to retrotransposon reactivation whose activity leads to genome instability. However, the activity of retrotransposons may be partly explained by their role in adaptation. Among retrotransposons, endogenous retroviruses may be considered as an intrinsic stimulus for the innate immune system and are also able to avoid the adaptive immune system. Therefore, I consider endogenous retroviruses as promising targets in anti-aging therapies
The ER membrane protein complex is required to ensure correct topology and stable expression of flavivirus polyproteins
Authors: Ngo Ashley M , Shurtleff Matthew J , Popova Katerina D , Kulsuptrakul Jessie , Weissman Jonathan S , Puschnik Andreas S
Published: September 2019

Flaviviruses translate their genomes as multi-pass transmembrane proteins at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. Here, we show that the ER membrane protein complex (EMC) is indispensable for the expression of viral polyproteins. We demonstrated that EMC was essential for accurate folding and post-translational stability rather than translation efficiency. Specifically, we revealed degradation of NS4A-NS4B, a region rich in transmembrane domains, in absence of EMC. Orthogonally, by serial passaging of virus on EMC-deficient cells, we identified two non-synonymous point mutations in NS4A and NS4B, which rescued viral replication. Finally, we showed a physical interaction between EMC and viral NS4B and that the NS4A-4B region adopts an aberrant topology in the absence of the EMC leading to degradation. Together, our data highlight how flaviviruses hijack the EMC for transmembrane protein biogenesis to achieve optimal expression of their polyproteins, which reinforces a role for the EMC in stabilizing challenging transmembrane proteins during synthesis.
How predictable is genome evolution?
Authors: Coathup Matthew J , Osborne Owen G , Savolainen Vincent
Published: September 2019

Similar patterns of genomic divergence have been observed in the evolution of plant species separated by oceans.
Knowledge management at Unilever South America – enabling conditions and their interaction with the SECI model
Authors: Fernando Jorge Tenório , Popadiuk Silvio , Santos Neusa Maria Bastos Fernandes
Published: September 2019

This paper describes the organizational knowledge taxonomy, comprising management of an existing knowledge and creation of a new knowledge, portraying the theoretical path of the field with emphasis on some oppositions such as tacit-explicit and exploration-exploitation and their impact into the organizations. It presents the case study of Unilever South America by analyzing the company’s enabling conditions for knowledge creation and the integration with the SECI (socialization, externalization, combination, internalization) process, in which we identify how the company manages to cope with knowledge creation and sharing as a strategic resource for the product innovation activities of marketing and R&D project teams, thereby aiming to portray features of the organizational knowledge as a strategic resource and its use dimensions in the product development process. The results pointed to advances in the efforts for the dissemination of knowledge by the top management of the company; however, it also shows that some team integration is missing, so that knowledge is shared due to the working structure rather than for individual or collective initiatives, which leads us to conclude that the strategic objectives and efforts of the organization to extend the reach the generated knowledge within the business does not reflect completely in the reality of the working groups.
Macroeconomic Policies and Health Status in Nigeria
Authors: Adeshina Kelani Fatai , Nwabuisi Onochie, Stanley , Adetutu Odumosu Adefunke
Published: September 2019

This study investigates macroeconomic policies and health status in Nigeria. With the objective of ascertaining the most viable macroeconomic policy variables on health status of Nigerians, the study utilized secondary annual time series data spanning the period of 37years from 1981 and 2017. To test the existence of unit root in the series, the ADF stationarity test was carried and the result shows that all series were I(0) and I(1). The Johansen Co-integration results from the trace test and maximum eigen value indicate the presence of at least three co-integrating equations in the model, implying that a long run relationship exists between health status and macroeconomic variables. The bound test also corroborates the existence of long run association among the variables. Empirically, the estimates ultimately confirmed that public capital expenditure, domestic debt and financial deepening have long run significant impact on health status in Nigeria. Inflation is the only macroeconomic variable that does affect health status significantly. On the basis of the empirical findings, the study thus recommends that for health outcomes in Nigeria to improve, appropriate macroeconomic policy mix should be focused on capital expenditure, domestic debt and financial inclusion (making funds available to the poor and vulnerable in the society).