bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wpływ mieszaniny biosurfaktantów na efektywność bioremediacji gruntu zanieczyszczonego węglowodorami ropopochodnymi
Authors:   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Wojtowicz Katarzyna , Steliga Teresa ,   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Published: June 2024

W artykule przedstawiono zagadnienia związane z wykorzystaniem biosurfaktantów (związki powierzchniowo czynne pochodzenia naturalnego) w procesie bioremediacji gleb skażonych węglowodorami ropopochodnymi. Badania bioremediacji gleby zanieczyszczonej TPH (suma węglowodorów ropopochodnych) i WWA (wielopierścieniowe węglowodory aromatyczne) prowadzono metodą pryzmowania ex situ (skala półtechniczna) w dwóch układach badawczych (układ 1 – badania biodegradacji węglowodorów ropopochodnych na drodze inokulacji biopreparatem, układ 2 – badania biodegradacji węglowodorów ropopochodnych w glebach na drodze inokulacji biopreparatem zawierającym domieszkę biosurfaktantów). Wykorzystany w badaniach biopreparat opracowano na bazie autochtonicznych bakterii i grzybów, zdolnych do rozkładu węglowodorów ropopochodnych, natomiast roztwór biosurfaktantów składał się z mieszaniny ƴ-PGA (kwasu ƴ-poliglutaminowego), ramnolipidów i surfaktyny. Badania bioremediacji prowadzono przez okres 6 miesięcy, monitorując zmiany stężenia TPH i WWA w glebie oraz jej toksyczność co 2 miesiące. W wyniku sześciomiesięcznego procesu oczyszczania uzyskano obniżenie stężenia TPH z 6062,59 mg/kg s.m. do 1774,72 mg/kg s.m. (w układzie 1) i do 768,92 mg/kg s.m. (w układzie 2) oraz WWA z 12,05 mg/kg s.m. do 4,27 mg/kg s.m. (w układzie 1) i do 2,20 mg/kg s.m. (w układzie 2). Zastosowanie domieszki biosurfaktantów w biopreparacie pozwoliło na zwiększenie efektywności biodegradacji TPH o 16,59% oraz WWA o 17,17%. Przeprowadzone analizy toksykologiczne z wykorzystaniem testów Phytotoxkit™, Ostracodtoxkit™ oraz Microtox®STP wykazały poprawę jakości gleby w wyniku prowadzonej bioremediacji oraz potwierdziły, że wraz ze spadkiem stężenia węglowodorów ropopochodnych maleje negatywny wpływ gleby poddanej biooczyszczaniu na organizmy testowe. Badania prowadzone w dwóch układach pozwoliły na ocenę wpływu biosurfaktantu na efektywność procesu bioremediacji gleby zanieczyszczonej TPH i WWA oraz umożliwiły udoskonalenie stosowanych metod rekultywacji gruntów skażonych ropą naftową.
Studies of turbulent fluid in a well pump for improving environmental safety
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Allakhverdiyev Zаmaddin , Kazimova Latifa ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University
Published: June 2024

When the plunger moves downwards, the local hydraulic resistance in the injection system causes a hydraulic force from the bottom upwards, which prevents the plunger from falling freely in the cylinder and is the source of the bending of the pump rod column. For this reason, the plunger takes an eccentric position in the cylinder and presses against it, delaying the plunger fall from the head of the balancer of the rocking machine and disturbing coaxial connection of the stock-discharge valve-plunger. These complications lead to increased wear of the plunger-cylinder pair, breakage of the injection valve cell, broken pump rod column, loss of the plunger stroke, etc. It should be noted, however, that in these tests, the flow factor μ is taken as the hydraulic resistance for determining the pressure loss in the valve assembly, and the valve seat cross-section is calculated. When calculating the friction force in the plunger-pressure valve system, the loss of pressure in it is taken to be equal to the loss of pressure of the valve unit. As is known, the downhole pump suction and injection system is a complex system of local resistance, as it consists of different combinations of elements that strongly affect the overall hydraulic resistance of the unit. It is therefore advisable to adopt the local hydraulic resistance coefficient as the hydraulic resistance of the respective unit. The reliability of downhole pumps in general and their individual components is ensured during their design and manufacture and depends on the design features, the quality of manufacturing of components thereof, assembly of the downhole pump in general and their components, as well as a number of other process indicators.
The effect of formation temperature and constituent components on rheological parameters of water-oil emulsions
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Gurbanov Guseyn R. , Nurullayev Vali K. ,   Oil pipelines department of SOCAR, Gasimzade Aysel V. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University
Published: June 2024

This article investigates the correlation between freezing temperature, viscosity, and oil deposit levels in samples from the Muradkhanli and Surakhany fields, as well as in model oils created under laboratory conditions, both in commodity and emulsion forms. The focus is on the influence of asphaltene-resin-paraffin compounds, the primary components of these samples. Laboratory experiments were conducted at temperatures of 10°C, 20°C, 40°C, and 60°C, utilizing crude oil samples with dilution levels ranging from 5% to 40% for emulsified oil. Freezing temperatures and viscosity values were determined using established standard methods, while the amount of paraffin deposits was assessed through the "Cold finger test" method. Analysis of numerous experiments revealed that freezing temperature, viscosity of water-oil emulsions, and paraffin deposit levels formed on cold surfaces primarily hinge on the temperature of emulsion formation and the water content percentage. It was also observed that water content affects the rheological properties of emulsions formed at 10°C and 20°C, while freezing temperature undergoes minimal changes. An increase in water content leads to heightened viscosity. However, in water-oil emulsions formed at 40°C and 60°C, rheological parameters exhibit different trends. Emulsions formed at 40°C demonstrate maximum freezing temperatures, accompanied by increased asphaltene-resin-paraffin deposits and viscosity across the temperature spectrum. Conversely, water-oil emulsions formed at 60°C exhibit minimal freezing temperatures, deposit content, and viscosity values. Thus, the analysis of water-oil emulsion group composition indicates that these emulsions are mainly stabilized and rendered stable by the presence of asphaltene-resin components.
Influence of Pollen Trapping on Honey Production of Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) High Strength Colony under Mustard Flowering Season
Authors: Dalal Pradeep Kumar , Chaudhary O.P. , Yadav Sunita , Rathee Mandeep , Singh Sameer Kumar , Veer Ram , Sharma Kamal Ravi
Published: June 2024

Background: Bee colonies are fed with pollen supplemented diets to sustain them during unfavourable conditions. These pollen loads are collected from foraging bees using pollen traps mounted on colonies. However, intensive trapping may interfere with honey production. Therefore, a need was felt to regulate frequency of trapping to ensure sufficient honey storage in the colonies. Methods: In this field based study, performed under mustard flowering seasons of 2016-17 and 2017-18, traps were mounted on colonies with varying frequencies namely, daily, alternate day, third day, weekly and control under two different mustard flowering locations in Haryana. Honey area and proportion of incoming pollen foragers were recorded from tested colonies. Result: Daily trapping triggered 29% bees for pollen foraging that contributed to considerable reduction in the honey area (-103 cm2). In contrast, colonies with weekly trapping regimes exhibited large honey area (4054 cm2). Among the locations, large honey area was stored in the weekly trapping colonies at Kaul, Haryana than Hisar, Haryana.
DUS Characterization of Rajmash (Phaseolus vulgare L.) Genotypes for Morpho-physiological Traits under Rainfed Conditions
Authors: Tariq Khusboo , Ali Gowhar , Dar Zahoor A , Shikari Asif , Hamid Aflaq , Lone Ajaz A , Tutlani Aman , Islam Nusrat ul , Javaid Andleeb , Kumar Rajneesh
Published: June 2024

Background: The current investigation was carried out in the year 2021-22 at Dryland Agriculture Research Station (DARS), Budgam. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications in field and completely randomized design (CRD) in vitro conditions for evaluating different traits of genotypes. DUS characterization was conducted as per the DUS testing guidelines by Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers Act, Authority, Descriptors for rajmash (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) GOI, New Delhi [reproduced from Plant Variety Journal of India. Vol.1 (1), 2007]. Methods: The observations were recorded on 18 DUS characters including morphological and quality attributes and physiological characters. For all the features studied, the analysis of variance for morpho-physiological and qualitative attributes found significant differences, providing adequate chance to select the genotypes with desired qualities. DUS traits were examined in accordance with the descriptor, “state” and “code” provided for each character. Result: The observed range of variation were recorded for different traits for different genotypes. Cluster analysis for morphological, maturity, yield and quality characteristics arranged the rajmash genotypes into 11 clusters, as per Mahalanobis D2 analysis using Tocher’s method with cluster III having the maximum number of genotypes (8), followed by cluster I, II, IV and V with 6 genotypes, 2 genotypes were grouped in cluster VII and XI and the remaining clusters with 1 genotype each. Diversity analysis showed grouping of genotypes in 11 clusters, which will help in selection of genetically divergent parents for exploitation in hybridization programme and would constitute an essential gene pool for future breeding programme.
Integration of Palliative Care Screening Tools for End-Stage Liver Patients to Improve End-of-Life Care
Authors: Gaines Susanne , Satyshur Rosemarie D. , Fitzpatrick Suzanna
Published: June 2024

Background:Liver disease is often associated with high symptom burden and long hospital stay, leading to a decreased quality of life. For patients considered unsuitable for transplantation, the alternative treatment options are supportive management and palliative care (PC). The most significant barrier to early PC is the failure to identify patients who may benefit from it. Currently, transplant healthcare professionals have limited PC education as well as a limited understanding of primary PC and PC service flow.Objective:The purpose of this quality improvement (QI) project is to identify nontransplantable liver disease (NTLD) patients’ unidentified unmet PC needs, utilizing two validated tools Necesidades Paliativas Palliative Needs (NECPAL) and Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire (CLDQ), and integrate them within routine nursing care activities in the transplant unit to increase pain and symptom management.Methods:This Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) project was integrated into a QI project over 12 weeks in the Fall of 2019. Transplant nurses and nurse practitioners (NPs) completed the tools for every NTLD patient to identify patients in need of PC and to assist identification of end-of-life symptoms to determine the quality of life.Results:A total of 5 NPs and 10 staff nurses received education and training on the NECPAL and CLDQ tools from the DNP project leader. Sixteen nontransplant liver disease patients, aged 29–68 years, median age of 52 years, majority being (69%) female, participated. The percentage of patients who completed the CLDQ and reported symptoms of unmet needs was an average of 80%. The most common symptoms reported were abdominal bloating and discomfort, worrying, and family impact. The goal was for all nurses and NPs to complete the screen tool 100% of the time. The percentage of patients completing the NECPAL, at an average of 60%, indicated a need for integrating PC.Conclusions:Implementation of NECPAL and CLDQ tools identified multiple unmet PC needs in NTLD patients. Nurses and NPs reported the tool was easy to use in identifying symptoms and clinical indicators for the identification of unmet PC needs and to promote incorporation into routine nursing care in liver disease patients who were deemed nontransplantable and allowed nurses to advocate for symptom and pain management with objective validated tools.Implications for Nursing:The NECPAL and CLDQ screening tools can identify clinical symptoms and the need for integration of PC. Incorporating PC needs promotes optimal end-stage quality of life for patients and their families. Ongoing training for NPs and nursing staff is needed to continue providing identification of patient PC needs. These nurse-initiated screening PC tools can be easily implemented in other units caring for patients with chronic and/or end-stage diseases to improve symptom management and end-of-life care.
Test–Retest Reliability of the Verran Professional Governance Scale©
Authors: Wisner Kirsten , Kim Steven , Meek Paula M. , Tarasenko Lindsey M. , Weston Marla J. , O’Grady Tim Porter
Published: June 2024

Background and Purpose:Stability testing, conducted using a test–retest protocol, measures an instrument’s reliability by evaluating the consistency of participant responses to survey questions with repeated testing within a short interval. No studies have measured the stability of the Verran Professional Governance Scale©(VPGS). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the test–retest reliability of the VPGS.Methods:Volunteers from a parent study using the VPGS were sent a link to a retest version of the survey 14 days after taking the initial survey with a reminder email sent 5 days after the first request. Item-level and subscale comparisons were made between participants’ initial and retest responses using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) applying a two-way random-effects model.Results:VPGS subscales had ICC scores of 0.71 for decision-making, 0.73 for collateral relationships, and 0.86 for professional obligation.Conclusions:Findings suggest that the VPGS demonstrates test–retest reliability. Future research should evaluate the instrument’s responsiveness.
Perceptions of a Cardiovascular Risk Reduction Intervention for Sexual Minority Adults
Authors: Pepe Vincent , Sharma Yashika , Doan Danny , George Maureen , Cortés Yamnia I. , Lelutiu-Weinberger Corina , Caceres Billy A.
Published: June 2024

Sexual minority (SM) adults have a higher prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), largely attributed to increased exposure to minority stressors. There are no evidence-based CVD risk reduction interventions tailored to the needs of SM adults. We conducted a qualitative descriptive study to explore SM adults’ perceptions and preferences for a culturally tailored, minority stress-informed intervention for CVD risk reduction. SM adults without CVD were interviewed and presented with a proposed 10-week intervention that combined elements of existing interventions for minority stress and CVD risk reduction. Participants were asked about preferences regarding intervention delivery methods, setting, and duration. Interviews were deductively coded into cognitive, behavioral, and socio-environmental themes informed by the social cognitive theory (SCT). Themes were also inductively coded based on participant responses. The sample included 22 SM adults with a mean age of 52 (±7.16) years; approximately 55% were female-identified and 59% were non-Latinx White. Cognitive themes included recognition of stress associated with minoritized identities and self-efficacy for behavior change. Behavioral themes included stress management skills and maintaining a healthy lifestyle (e.g., exercise). Socioenvironmental themes included barriers (e.g., time commitment) and facilitators (e.g., financial incentives) for participating in the proposed intervention. All participants were interested in an intervention that would improve their cardiovascular health. A majority indicated that they preferred a 12-week, virtual, synchronous, group intervention. All participants endorsed the proposed intervention with particular emphasis on stress reduction components. This study provides important knowledge that should be considered in designing tailored interventions for CVD risk reduction among SM adults.
The People Have Spoken: First-Hand Accounts of How to Improve Romantic Relationships With an Incarcerated Partner
Authors: Tadros Eman , Presley Sarah
Published: June 2024

Although incarceration impacts the entire family system, the input of those impacted is often ignored or not sought out when discussing reform within the criminal justice system. Individuals in a romantic relationship with an incarcerated individual were interviewed to understand the lived experience using a phenomenological approach. The question “What would improve your relationship?” was asked to gain an understanding of what suggestions and recommendations individuals engaged in this relationship would share. Within the eight interviews, the theme, suggestions, was present in all and the codes of visitation, physical interaction, quality time, and lower cost communication will be explored. To better understand how to best advocate for and promote policy change, it is crucial to listen to and understand the input that those within these situations offer to improve their experience with incarceration.
Analysis Of Land Use Change And The Suitability For Regional Spatial Planning (RTRW) In Kolaka District
Authors: Sanjaya Rifky , Sudia La Baco , Gandri La , Indriyani Lies , Ahmaliun La De
Published: June 2024

Land use changes that occur due to population pressure and land conversion that are not in accordance with the RTRW will affect the sustainability of the development of an area. In the period 2003 to 2013, it is known that land changes occurred in Kolaka sub-district, namely that the production forest experienced a reduction in area of ​​266.26 Ha of the total land area, which was converted into dry land. Some possibilities include land conversion from forest area to plantation land by residents. Meanwhile, in the period 2013 to 2023, Production Forests became land with a very large degraded area, where an area of ​​1884.48 ha was converted into wetlands, dry lands, and as limited production forests. The condition of this land use change was then analyzed for its suitability to the 2012 - 2023 RTRW of Kolaka Regency. It was found that 75.53% or an area of ​​10,579.55 ha of the existing area was still suitable, while the unsuitable area was 24.47% or an area of ​​3426.91 ha.
ANALYSIS OF THE DSN MUI FATWA ON SHARIA ELECTRONIC MONEY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF QIYAS (A STUDY ON LINKAJA SYARIAH APPLICATION)
Authors: Hardiyanti Istiqom Shinta , Ahmad Agus Hidayat  , Novita Siska Arie , Sajiyo Sajiyo
Published: June 2024

This study aims to analyze the content of DSN MUI Fatwa No. 116/DSN-MUI/IX/2017 on Sharia electronic money from the perspective of qiyas, focusing on the case of the LinkAja Syariah application. The research method used in this study is descriptive qualitative, and the approach employed is library research. The findings of this study indicate that the LinkAja Syariah application is a development model of the LinkAja application designed to facilitate transactions while adhering to Sharia principles in its operational system. Similarly, the transactions follow the principles of cash payments and interbank transfers in Sharia banking, implementing Sharia financial principles. Thus, using the digital wallet application through LinkAja Syariah is legally permissible (mubah) as it fulfils the requirements and conditions of qiyas.
Relationship Between Indonesian EFL Learners’ Vocabulary Knowledge and English Competencies
Authors: Hartini Lintang Wilujeng , Suri Ardini Anandayu
Published: June 2024

English vocabulary mastery is considered important in Indonesian education, but the actual vocabulary mastery of high school students is still below the target. It becomes a concern whether the low vocabulary knowledge is correlated with English skills. Thus, this study investigated the relationship between Indonesian students’ English vocabulary knowledge and English competencies. A total of 108 high school students completed a productive vocabulary test (Lex 30). The students’ scores from their English class served as the data for English competence. The Lex30 result and the English scores were then tested using Pearson correlation. The findings showed that the students’ vocabulary knowledge and English competencies had positive correlation. Despite no specific measurement of the vocabulary size from the lex30 score, it was relevant to measure students’ vocabulary knowledge required for their performance in general English skills (reading, writing, listening, and speaking). Thus, the positive correlation indicated that students with good vocabulary knowledge might also had good English scores. This study's specific contextual focus may restrict the applicability of the findings to other contexts. Therefore, future research should diversify the sample, incorporate a wider range of assessment tools, and explore the impact of different teaching methods on language skills in various settings.
A Neural-Network-BasedWatermarking Method Approximating JPEG Quantization
Authors: Yamauchi Shingo , Kawamura Masaki
Published: June 2024

We propose a neural-network-based watermarking method that introduces the quantized activation function that approximates the quantization of JPEG compression. Many neural-network-based watermarking methods have been proposed. Conventional methods have acquired robustness against various attacks by introducing an attack simulation layer between the embedding network and the extraction network. The quantization process of JPEG compression was replaced by the noise addition process in the attack layer of the conventional methods. In this paper, we propose a quantized activation function that can simulate the JPEG quantization standard as it is in order to improve the robustness against the JPEG compression. Our quantized activation function consists of several hyperbolic tangent functions and is applied as an activation function for neural networks. Our network was introduced in the attack layer of ReDMark proposed by Ahmadi et al. to compare it with their method. That is, the embedding and extraction networks had the same structure. We compared the usual JPEG compressed images and the images applying the quantized activation function. The results showed that a network with quantized activation functions can approximate JPEG compression with high accuracy. We also compared the bit error rate (BER) of estimated watermarks generated by our network with those generated by ReDMark. We found that our network was able to produce estimated watermarks with lower BERs than those of ReDMark. Therefore, our network outperformed the conventional method with respect to image quality and BER.
A Functional Analysis of Inflorescence Architecture in Musa (Musaceae)
Authors: Turner David W , Gibbs D. Jane , Ocimati Walter , Blomme Guy
Published: June 2024

Inflorescence architecture underpins sexual reproduction in wild Musa species and productivity in edible banana cultivars. In a functional analysis we identified the apical inflorescence and lateral ‘cushion’ meristems and the change in flower type as the three primary components of inflorescence architecture. Five genotypes of two clone-sets of edible plantains (Musa AAB), were grown for four generations along an elevation gradient (1100 m to 2200 m, 16°C to 24°C) straddling the equator in the humid highlands of East Africa. The data consisted of peduncle length at harvest, fruit per hand (Fh) and hands per bunch (Hb). The activity of the apical inflorescence meristem drives peduncle length and lateral ‘cushion’ meristems determine fruit per hand. However, Hb is determined by a change in flower type – from fruit-forming to non-fruit forming. Site temperature affected Hb more than Fh, while development of the genet (rhizome) changed the allocation of resources between Hb and Fh, independently of the effect of site temperature. Clone-sets differed in their response to genet development. Cooler temperatures reduced the number of fruit-forming flowers in an inflorescence and changed the balance away from female towards male flowers. In banana breeding schemes, manipulating inflorescence components independently raises options for producing genotypes better suited to markets, environments, and cultural practices.
Study on Object-Based High-Resolution Remote Sensing Image Classification of Crop Planting Structure in the Loess Plateau of Eastern Gansu Province
Authors: Yang Rui , Qi Yuan , Zhang Hui , Wang Hongwei , Zhang Jinlong , Ma Xiaofang , Zhang Juan , Ma Chao
Published: June 2024

Timely and accurate acquisition of information on distribution of the crop planting structure in Loess Plateau of eastern Gansu Province, one of the most important agricultural areas in western China, is crucial for promoting fine management of agriculture and ensuring food security. In this study, the Object-Based Image Classification (OBIC), the Random Forest (RF) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models were employed to classify the crop planting structure of four representative test areas in Qingyang City in a precise manner. Firstly, different optimal segmentation scales for various crops were selected using the Estimation of Scale Parameter 2 (ESP2) tool and the Ratio of Mean Difference to Neighbors(ABS) to Standard Deviation (RMAS)model. The images were then segmented through multiresolution segmentation combined with the Canny Edge Detection algorithm. Secondly, the L1 regularized logistic regression model was utilized to select and optimize 39 spatial feature factors including spectral, textural, geometric, and index features, in conjunction with phenological factors. Lastly, under the multi-level classification framework, the Random Forest (RF) classifier and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model, combined with object-based multiresolution segmentation, was used to classify the crop planting structure. The findings show that: Thanks to the Canny Edge Detection algorithm, we can obtain a more complete boundary of the segmented objects and improve the separability. The optimal segmentation scales for corn, vegetables, and buckwheat were found to be 55, 70, and 35, respectively, while wheat and apple had optimal segmentation scales of 65. In addition to phenological characteristics, the number of selected spatial features for corn, vegetables, buckwheat, wheat, and apple were 9, 7, 16, 12, and 10, respectively. The CNN model demonstrated high consistency with the RF model in the classification results, but the accuracy of RF model is higher than that of CNN model on the whole. The overall accuracy of classification using RF model in four test areas registered 91.93%, 94.92%, 89.37% and 90.68%, respectively. This paper introduced crop phenological factors, effectively improving the extraction precision of shattered agricultural planting structure in the Loess Plateau of eastern Gansu Province. Its findings have important application value in crop monitoring, management, food security and other related fields.
A Literature Review and Taxonomy of In-VR Questionnaire User Interfaces
Authors: Safikhani Saeed , Nacke Lennart , Pirker Johanna
Published: June 2024

Previous research demonstrates that the interruption of immersive experiences may lead to a bias in the results of questionnaires. Thus, the traditional way of presenting questionnaires, paper-based or web-based, may not be compatible with evaluating VR experiences. Recent research has shown the positive impact of embedding questionnaires contextually into the virtual environment. However, a comprehensive overview of the available VR questionnaire solutions is currently missing. Furthermore, no clear taxonomy exists for these different solutions in the literature. To address this, we present a literature review of VR questionnaire user interfaces (UI) following PRISMA guidelines. Our search returned 1.109 initial results, which were screened for eligibility, resulting in a corpus of 25 papers. This paper contributes to HCI and games research with a literature review of embedded questionnaires in VR, discussing the advantages and disadvantages and introducing a taxonomy of in-VR questionnaire UIs.
Exploring the Role of Dermal Sheath Cells in Wound Healing and Fibrosis
Authors: Zhu Bing , Liang Lu , Hui Lihua , Lu Yaojun
Published: June 2024

Wound healing is a complex, dynamic process involving the coordinated interaction of diverse cell types, growth factors, cytokines, and extracellular matrix components. Despite emerging evidence highlighting their importance, dermal sheath cells remain a largely overlooked aspect of wound healing research. This review explores the multifunctional roles of dermal sheath cells in various phases of wound healing, including modulating inflammation, aiding in proliferation, and contributing to extracellular matrix remodeling. Special attention is devoted to the paracrine effects of dermal sheath cells and their role in fibrosis, highlighting their potential in improving healing outcomes, especially in differentiating between hairy and non-hairy skin sites. By drawing connections between dermal sheath cells activity and wound healing outcomes, this work proposes new insights into the mechanisms of tissue regeneration and repair, marking a step forward in our understanding of wound healing processes.
No pain no gain - Giving real-time emotional feedback in a virtual mirror improves collaboration in virtual teamwork
Authors: Schneider Nicklas , Vazquez Ignacio , Gloor Peter A.
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the impact of real-time emotional feedback on the quality of teamwork conducted over videoconferencing. We developed a framework that provides real-time feedback through a virtual mirror based on facial and voice emotion recognition. In an experiment with 28 teams (84 participants), teams collaborated over Zoom to set up a virtual Mars station using custom simulation software. Participants were divided into 14 experimental teams which were shown the virtual mirror, and 14 control teams without it. Team performance was measured by the improvement in the Mars simulation output quality. Our analysis using correlation, multilevel regression, and machine learning revealed that fewer interruptions but an increasing number over time correlated with higher performance. Higher vocal arousal and happiness also enhanced performance. We confirmed that female presence in teams boosts performance. SHAP values indicated that high variability in happiness, head movement, and positive facial valence—an “emotional rollercoaster”—positively predicted team performance. The experimental group outperformed the control group, suggesting that virtual mirroring improves virtual teamwork and that interrupting each other more, while speaking less, leads to better results.
Unveiling Supply Chain Transparency and Traceability in the Renewable Energy Sector: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Reynolds Samantha
Published: June 2024

This research investigates the challenges and opportunities associated with supply chain transparency and traceability in the renewable energy sector. Using a qualitative methodology, the study involved semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders, including industry experts, supply chain managers, regulatory officials, and NGO representatives. The findings reveal that the complexity and global span of renewable energy supply chains pose significant hurdles for ensuring transparency and traceability. Variability in the maturity of traceability systems across companies further complicates the landscape, with some companies benefiting from advanced systems while others struggle with cost and technical barriers. Technological advancements, especially blockchain, offer promising solutions but require standardization and scalability to be effective. Regulatory frameworks play a crucial role, yet inconsistencies across jurisdictions create compliance challenges, underscoring the need for harmonized standards. Collaboration and partnerships are essential, providing platforms for sharing best practices and developing common standards. Enhanced transparency can lead to operational efficiencies, improved consumer trust, and stronger market positioning. Integrating sustainability into supply chain practices is fundamental, aligning with the increasing emphasis on ESG criteria among investors and stakeholders. Education and capacity-building, particularly for suppliers in developing countries, are vital for promoting transparency. Leadership and corporate culture are critical in driving these efforts, with strong commitment from the top necessary to implement effective practices. This study contributes valuable insights for stakeholders in the renewable energy sector, offering a foundation for future research and policy development aimed at advancing sustainable and ethical supply chain practices. The findings highlight the need for a holistic approach that integrates transparency and traceability into broader sustainability and business strategies.
The Future Directions of CAR-T Cell Therapy: Unlocking the Potential of Immunotherapy in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Justiz-Vaillant Angel A , Soodeen Sachin , Gopaul Darren , Arozarena-Fundora Rodolfo , Akpaka Patrick Eberechi
Published: June 2024

CAR-T cell therapy has emerged as a groundbreaking approach in cancer treatment, leveraging the immune system to target and eliminate cancer cells. While currently focused on hematologic malignancies, the future holds promise for expanding CAR-T cell therapy to diverse cancers, enhancing its efficacy, and improving safety profiles. Recent advances in tumor immunology have propelled CAR-T cell therapy as a game-changer in treating diseases such as relapsed/refractory B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia (B-ALL), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), and multiple myeloma (MM). Six CAR-T cell products have received FDA approval for treating R/R B cell malignancies. However, challenges persist, including complications like cytokine release syndrome (CRS), coagulopathy, and cytopenias. Strategies to mitigate these complications involve targeting distinct antigens with dual- or multi-targeted CAR-T cells and enhancing immunogenicity. Additionally, γδ CAR-T cells show promise in recognizing antigen- negative leukemia cells in an MHC-independent manner while reducing the risk of inducing graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). As CAR-T cell therapy continues to evolve through innovation and discovery, it holds the potential to revolutionize cancer treatment, offering new hope to patients and reshaping the landscape of oncology with its precision and efficacy.
Integrated use of SAR and Optical data in mapping native vegetation: a study in a transitional Brazilian Cerrado-Atlantic Forest interface
Authors: Santos Allita Rezende , Barbosa Mariana Abibi Guimarães Araujo , Anjinho Phelipe da Silva , Parizotto Denise , Mauad Frederico Fabio
Published: June 2024

This study develops a structure for mapping native vegetation in a transition area between Brazilian Cerrado and Atlantic Forest from integrated spatial information from the Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 satellites. Most studies use this data separately, however, the integrated use of optical sensors with Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) sensors can improve the methodology for classifying land use and land cover (LULC). The fusion of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2, for example, can increase the accuracy of mapping algorithms, using complementary information, such as spectral, backscattering, polarimetry, and interferometry. The study area comprises the Lobo Reservoir Hydrographic Basin, which is part of an environmental conservation unit protected by Brazilian law and with significant human development. LULC were classified, using the random forest deep learning algorithm. The classifying attributes were backscatter coefficients, polarimetric decomposition, and interferometric coherence for radar data (Sentinel-1), and optical spectral data, comprising bands in the red edge, near infrared, and shortwave infrared (Sentinel-2). The attributes were evaluated in three settings in which the SAR and optical data were evaluated separately (C1 and C2, respectively) and in an integrated manner (C3). The study found greater accuracy for C3 (96.54%), an improvement of nearly 2% compared to C2 (94.78%) and more than 40% in relation to C1 (55.73%). The classification algorithm encountered significant challenges in identifying wetlandsin C1, but performance improved in C3, enhancing differentiation by stratifying a greater number of classes during training and facilitating visual interpretation during sampling. Accordingly, the use of SAR and optical data becomes an alternative to optimize LULC mapping in tropical regions, due to the limited influence of atmosphere on images in the microwave range.
The Power of Online Branding: A Closer Look at Canary’s Fashion Industry
Authors: Díaz-Meneses Gonzalo , Amador-Marrero Maica , Vilkaitė-Vaitonė Neringa
Published: June 2024

The present study seeks to assess the Brand Equity in the network of new fashion designers in the Canary Islands. To this end, we have adapted the Brand Equity model to an online context and proposed a set of metrics for four dimensions: estimate, relevance, awareness, and differen-tiation. The multidimensional approach to online Brand Equity was employed to measure the online Brand Equity of 129 fashion designers from the Canary Islands. The study's findings re-vealed that the number of social media profiles significantly impacts brand awareness and dif-ferentiation. Moreover, the digital maturity level influences brand relevance and overall Brand Equity . Our study highlights the practical value of web data-driven metrics for measuring online Brand Equity , which can be utilised for diagnostic, evaluative, or predictive purposes. The study's outcomes have substantial implications for marketers in the fashion industry aimed at improving online Brand Equity
Lipozyme Activity Demonstrated by Lipid Bilayer Enabled Ester Hydrolysis
Authors: Liu Shu , Kumar Kiran , Bell Tracey , Ramamoorthy Ayyalusamy , Van Winkle David , Lenhert Steven
Published: June 2024

Lipids have not traditionally been considered likely candidates for catalyzing reactions in biological systems. However, there is significant evidence that aggregates of amphiphilic compounds are capable of catalyzing reactions in synthetic organic chemistry. Here we demonstrate the potential for the hydrophobic region of a lipid bilayer to provide an environment suitable for catalysis by means of a lipozyme, or lipid aggregate capable of speeding up a chemical reaction. By bringing organic molecules into the non-polar or hydrophobic region of a lipid bilayer, reactions can be catalyzed by collections of small, nonpolar or amphiphilic molecules. We demonstrate this concept by the ester hydrolysis of calcein-AM to produce a fluorescent product, which is a widely used assay for esterase activity in cells. The reaction was first carried out in a two phase octanol-water system with the organic phase containing the cationic amphiphiles cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) or octadecylamine. The octanol was then replaced with DOPC added to the water in the form of vesicles, where the reaction was also found to be carried out. The reaction was monitored using quantitative fluorescence which revealed catalytic turnover numbers on a scale of 10−4s−1 for each system, which is comparable to some slow enzymes. The reaction product was characterized by 1H-NMR measurements which were consistent with ester hydrolysis. The implications of thinking about lipid aggregates as catalytic entities are discussed in the context of biochemistry, pharmacology and synthetic biology.
Swimming with Sharks: Can Small Investors Compete with Buffett?
Authors: Topiwala Pankaj
Published: June 2024

Swimming with Sharks: Can Small Investors Compete with Buffett?
Pankaj Topiwala. FastVDO LLC, 3097 Cortona Dr., Melbourne, FL 32940
Abstract: Millions of small investors fare poorly in the financial markets. For them, the markets
are like turbulent seas. Braving them in a mere skiff, a major storm can spell financial doom at any
time. But the reality is that most investment funds also underperform the market. Against this
backdrop, there are some savvy investors who have consistently beat the market, for decades!
Names such Benjamin Graham, John Templeton, Peter Lynch, or Jim Simons come to mind. But
no investor has beat the market as decisively or for as long as Warren Buffett, getting an annual
return of nearly 20% since 1965! Is there a way that the small investor can swim with these sharks?
These legendary investors developed a refined sense for valuing companies through fundamental
analysis (hard work), investing in solid companies that are deep in value. The untrained small
investor cannot hope to replicate their method. To enter these waters, she needs a new boat:
algorithmic trading. Not the kind that trades in microseconds (high frequency trading), which is
again out of her reach, but the type that trades only a few times a year (very low frequency). Using
an approach developed and tested in previous papers, we go head-to-head with Buffett's famous
BRK-A fund and compare performance over the 44-year period 1980-2024. Buffett's BRK-A
earned 19% annual return over the 44 years. We also test a 50-year period, the historical limit for
Nasdaq. By using simple algorithmic trading methods, we show that the small investor can indeed
keep pace with Buffett, without the hard work. Our simple methods allow us to obtain both strong
gains, and reduced drawdowns, helping us to survive the major market downturns known as Black
Swan events. This win-win is good news for small investors worldwide.
Structural Outcomes of Corneal Cross-Linking for Keratoconus
Authors: Statsenko Yauhen , Smetanina Darya , Voitetskii Roman , Simiyu Gillian Lylian , Pazniak Mikalai , Likhorad Elena , Pazniak Aleh , Beliakouski Pavel , Abelskyi Dmitriy , Gorkom Klaus N.-V. , Ljubisavljevic Milos
Published: June 2024

Background: Studies have tried to identify predictors of functional markers of keratoconus progression, whereas structural outcomes of collagen cross-linking have not been properly investigated. Objective: find and set up a combination of diagnostic modalities and measurements to reliably reflect CXL efficiency. Material and methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical histories of 107 KC patients (131 eyes) who underwent CXL in a medical center from January 2018 to December 2022. The dataset included preoperative examinations and follow-up results, which provided a total of 796 observations. The cases of other corneal diseases, repeated CXL, pregnancy, and observations without follow-up examinations were excluded. Results: The study findings revealed a significant drop in the central and corneal thickness during 14.01±9.98 months of observations. Linear and polynomial equations suggested different trends in pachymetry change after CXL. The linear model showed corneal thinning, and according to the polynomials, pachymetry findings return to baseline values two years after CXL. Conclusion: The most reliable prognosis of postoperative corneal thickness is achieved with the models trained on keratometry readings and topography indices. BAD indices are also reliable predictors of the corneal thickness after CXL. A combination of the aforementioned structural parameters and their derivatives can reliably predict CXL efficiency.
Conservation and Protection Treatments for Cultural Heritage: Bibliometric Analysis, Novel Insights and Future Trends
Authors: Pérez-Gandarillas Lucía , Manteca Carmen , Yedra Ángel , Casas Abraham
Published: June 2024

Cultural heritage is a fundamental part of the society’s identity, and its conservation is of great relevance as it transcends time and memory. To minimize its deterioration, cultural heritage has traditionally undergone diverse preservation and maintenance treatments and the attention of researchers to develop new and innovative methods for state diagnosis and protection treatments has been increasing in the recent decades. Therefore, in this study, a literature review using a bibliometric analysis and LDA methodology was conducted to systematically map scientific research outputs on cultural heritage conservation and protection. Data was retrieved from the Scopus database and the annual publications, countries, most-cited publications, authors, institutions, and keywords have been comprehensively analyzed, leading to the detection of research trends. Findings show an increasing number of studies in this field in the last decades, particularly since 2010. Italy, home to the largest number of UNESCO heritage sites, is the most prolific country. Most of the studies are related to metal, paper and stone as substrate to be protected. Significant progress has been made in understanding the deterioration processes through precise diagnosis and the development of innovative treatments for protection. In this sense, latest trends have been detected such as the use of non-invasive techniques for diagnosis and the use of nanotechnology and nature-based treatments for the conservation treatments.
The Relationship between Intended Learning Outcomes and the Attainment of Graduate Competence among Cross-border E-commerce Learners: The chain mediating roles of project-based learning and assessment strategies
Authors: Li Ming , Rohayati Mohd Isa
Published: June 2024

Exploring new approaches to innovating higher vocational education is a worldwide pursuit driven by the increasing demand for graduates equipped with competencies. This study investigated how Outcomes-Based Education (OBE) influences the attainment of graduate competence (AGC) in China’s higher vocational education, using the theory of Constructive Alignment (CA) as its foundation. The OBE framework incorporates intended learning outcomes (ILOs), project-based learning (PjBL), assessment strategies (ASs), and AGC. The study tested the model by assessing the impact of ILOs, PjBL, and ASs on AGC, respectively and sequentially. Surveys were administered to 320 CBEC learners in April 2024, resulting in 301 usable responses. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) with SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 24.0. Results indicated that PjBL and ASs were directly and positively related to graduate competency attainment, while ILOs were indirectly associated with graduate competence through the mediating roles of PjBL and ASs. The most substantial mediating effect between ILOs and graduate competence was ASs, followed by PjBL, and then, the chain mediating effect of PjBL and ASs. These findings enhance the theoretical understanding of OBE and provide detailed procedures for tracking and enhancing sustainability in higher vocational education. Beneficiaries include educators, policymakers, and accreditation bodies.
Post-Arthroplasty Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters in Patients with Hip Osteoarthritis or Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: An Observational Study
Authors: Stasi Sophia , Papagiannis Georgios , Triantafyllou Athanasios , Papagelopoulos Panayiotis , Koulouvaris Panagiotis
Published: June 2024

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a preferred treatment for primary osteoarthritis (OA) or secondary due to developmental hip dysplasia (DDH). Gait analysis is considered a golden standard for evaluating post-arthroplasty walking patterns. This study compared post-THA spatiotemporal gait parameters (SGPs) between OA and DDH patients and explored correlations with demographic and clinical variables. Thirty patients (15 per group) were recorded during gait, and their SGPs were analyzed. Functionality was evaluated with the Oxford Hip Score (OHS). The OA patients were significantly older than DDH (pr< 0.51, all p< 0.05). The preoperative gait alterations associated with OA or DDH were improved to similar levels in both groups after THA. Post-arthroplasty SGPs and OHS correlations indicate limitations in certain activities. These find-ings must be correlated with kinetic gait analysis data to fully evaluate gait and functionality dif-ferences among patient groups.