bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educative possibilities of televising means:analysis proposals
Authors: Raposeiras-Roubín Mirian
Published: April 2019

Es casi obvio pensar que los medios de comunicación tienen una gran incidencia en el sistema de valores de los individuos. Los jóvenes han aprendido sus valores, aspiraciones y modelos de conductaa través de los medios de comunicación. Lo que ocurre es que en muchas ocasiones lo que enseña la escuela y lo que los jóvenes aprenden a través de los medios de comunicación está en divergencia. En esta línea, Pérez Tornero asegura que, si la educación tiene que ver con las actitudes, normas y valores, es bien cierto que los medios de comunicación, las ciudades, las modas y el grupo de iguales se convierten en los más poderosos sistemas educativos del momento. En muchas ocasiones, los diferentes actores del proceso educativo sienten cómo escapa de sus manos la posibilidad de influir en la educación de los estudiantes (Pérez Tornero, 2000: 46). Además, uno de los grandes problemas que existen en la actualidad, y tal y como asegura Ferrés, es que la televisión, que se ha convertido en el fenómeno cultural más impresionante de la historia de la humanidad, es la práctica para la que menos se prepara a los ciudadanos (Ferres citado en Aguaded Gómez, 2000: 222). Es necesario, por ello, enseñar a los estudiantes a descubrir la realidad de los medios, alertarles sobre la uniformización cultural que están generando para que sean más críticos y vean los contenidos mediáticos partiendo de una reflexión previa. Una reflexión que debería partir del aula aunque, como afirma Cabero, resulta llamativo que estemos empezando a plantear las necesidades que pueden generar otros medios y que todavía nuestra escuela no ha asumido, consciente y críticamente, la necesidad de alfabetizar a los alumnos para descodificar los mensajes emitidos por los medios de comunicación de masas(Yuste, 2000:177). Los medios actúan como una ventana, proporcionando solamente una pequeña parte de la realidad maquillada según los propios intereses del medio. Y este problema lleva a que para cualquier usuario de medios de comunicación, existe lo que aparece en los medios y lo que en ellos no se refleja o bien no existe o no es importante. Así, los medios, contrariamente a lo que se afirma algunas veces, no pretenden ofrecer conocimiento, como tampoco tienen el fin de formar ni informar. Su objetivo es conquistar audiencias que produzcan beneficios económicos (Yuste, 2000:185). El gran problema es que a través de la televisión, de esa pequeña parte de la realidad, a través de la que la gran parte de las personas configuran sus valores y conductas que no son más que un reflejo de la cultura occidental como modelo o paradigma cultural mundial.
Fashion and mass media and civic education
Authors: de-Andrés-Garrido José María
Published: April 2019

Fashion and mass media are social core elements with an educational function that may even replace the educational frarnes provided by the family. The social effects of media power are shown to be negative: young citizens do not like topics of public interest, they are only interested in consuming and they believe that their own destiny does not depend on their personal decisions but on higher social power.

La moda y los medios de comunicación son ejes vertebradores de la sociedad actual que poseen una función educadora sustituyendo, en muchos casos, incluso a la familia como referente educativo. Los efectos de este poder mediático están siendo negativos: a los jóvenes ciudadanos no les gustan los temas de interés público, sólo se busca el consumismo y consideran que el destino de las personas no está en sus manos, sino en los altos círculos del poder.
«Dinkis»: setting a new life style
Authors: Delgado-Brull María Teresa , Gómez-Abeja Domingo
Published: April 2019

The term «dinki» stands for «double income no kids» and refers to young couples with high earned income who do not want to have offspring in order to maintain their economical status (a great part of their income is devoted to travelling, eating in restaurants...). The «dinki» phenomenon is not new at all. According to the results about «Young families in Spain» published by Milward Brown Spain consultancy in November 2005, in Spain there are already 800,000 of «dinki» couples, a 75 percentage higher than in 2000.

El término «dinki» responde a las siglas en inglés «double income no kids» (doble sueldo sin hijos). Los «dinkis» son parejas de jóvenes que a pesar de convivir, tener dos sueldos y cierta holgura económica, no tienen ni desean tener hijos, para poder mantener un buen nivel de vida (dedicando buena parte de su sueldo a salir, comer fuera, viajar...). El fenómeno «dinki» no es más que la constatación de una realidad ya existente,pues según un estudio realizado por la consultora Milward Brown Spain sobre «Las familias jóvenes en España» que se hizo en noviembre de 2005, ya conviven 800.000 parejas de «dinkis» en nuestro país, un 75% más que en el año 2000.
Relationship between journalists and politicians in critical situations: a case study
Authors: Cortiñas Sergi , Pont-Sorribes Carles
Published: April 2019

This article tries to study the relationship between iournalists and politicians in critical situations. The writers have analyzed the information broadcast by the television networks in Spain: Televisión Española, Antena 3 and Tele 5 on March 2004 11th, 12th and 13th, just after the terrorist attack in Madrid. From this study research, it has been concluded that the journalists had little critical capacity, they were in collusion with the politicians, spreading certain badly argued theses and subject maner, using unwarranted expressions.

Este artículo pretende estudiar la relación entre periodistas y políticos en situaciones críticas. Los autores han analizado la información emitida por las cadenas de televisión: Televisión Espanola, Antena 3 y Tele 5 en los días 1 1 , 12 y 13 de marzo de 2004, coincidiendo con el atentado de Madrid. De esta investigación, se concluye que los periodistas actuaron con poca capacidad crítica, en connivencia con los políticos, en la propagación de determinadas tesis poco o nada argumentadas y de ciertos tópicos y expresiones gratuitas.
Coeducation in Andalusian telematic educative network «Averroes»
Authors: Galarza-Femández Emelina
Published: April 2019

This paper makes an analytical approach to the coeducational page developed within the «Averroes» website created by the Junta de Andalucía. The conceptual characteristics and the techniques of this webpage will be studied. Coeducation and the use of TIC for its leaming will be thoroughly viewed in order to achievement of the coeducative aim required by the civil goverment.

En este trabajo se realiza una aproximación analítica de la página de coeducación desarrollada en el sitio web «Averroes» que la Junta de Andalucía ha creado. Se estudian las características conceptuales y las técnicas de la página. Con mayor profundidad se trata la coeducación y la utilización de las TIC para su aprendizaje, respondiendo así a la pregunta de si se ha optimizado este recurso tecnológico para la consecución del fin coeducativo deseado por la propia administración.
Communication processes in virtual cooperative environments
Authors: Jiménez-Valverde Gregorio , Llitjós-Viza Anna
Published: April 2019

In this paper we present a teaching resource consisting on a virtual environment which prornotes cooperation among students through different user,to-user and environment-to-user communication strategies, which are free be used for academic and research purposes.

La educación se encuentra sometida a grandes cambios, provocados por la influencia de las tecnologías de la información y de la comunicación (TIC). En este nuevo modelo de enseñanza que se avecina, el alumnado debería jugar un papel cada vez más activo. En este artículo se presenta un recurso didáctico gratuito consistente en un entorno virtual que favorece la cooperación entre estudiantes a través de diferentes estrategias comunicativas, tanto entre los usuarios en sí mismo, como entre los usuarios y el propio entorno.
Risk of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Its Relationship With Perceived Social Support Among Family Caregivers of Individuals With Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Nuwara Afaf S. , Masa'Deh Rami , Hamdan-Mansour Ayman M. , Qhah Iman K.
Published: April 2019

A cross-sectional descriptive correlation study was performed to investigate the risk of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among 300 family caregivers of individuals with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and examine the relationship between perceived social support and risk of PTSD. The Arabic version of the PTSD Checklist for
DSM-5
(APCL-5) was used to investigate risk of PTSD; the Arabic version of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support was used to measure perceived social support. Mean score of the APCL-5 was 46.1, indicating risk of PTSD among family caregivers. A negative moderate correlation was found between risk of PTSD and perceived social support. The caring process is demanding and highly stressful, putting family caregivers at risk for PTSD. Social support is crucial in decreasing this risk. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 57
(8), 37–43.]
Synergistic Effect of Ethanol and Mitomycin C on Corneal Stroma
Authors: Netto Marcelo V. , Barreto Jackson , Santo Ruth , Bechara Samir , Kara-Jose Newton , Wilson Steven E.
Published: April 2019

Purpose

To investigate the combined effects of ethanol and mitomycin C (MMC) application on the corneal stroma of rabbits that underwent photorefractive keratectomy (PRK).

Methods

Twenty-four rabbits (24 eyes) underwent PRK to correct −9.00 diopters of myopia. Twelve eyes had ethanol application before removing the epithelium and 12 eyes had the epithelium manually removed without ethanol. Eyes in both groups had topical MMC 0.02% application for 12 seconds immediately after excimer laser ablation. Twelve rabbits were sacrificed at two time points—4 hours and 4 weeks after surgery—and immunohistochemistry was performed with TUNEL assay, alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA), and DAPI.

Results

More TUNEL-positive cells were observed in the ethanol-treated group compared to the mechanical debridement group at 4 hours after surgery (
P
<.01). No significant difference in alpha-SMA–positive cells was detected between the two groups at 4 weeks after sugery. However, decreased keratocyte density in the anterior stroma was more pronounced in the ethanol-treated group compared to the mechanical debridement group (
P
<.02).

Conclusions

Ethanol application for epithelial removal during PRK seems to produce a synergistic effect with MMC, resulting in fewer keratocytes in the anterior stroma of rabbit corneas treated with MMC and ethanol than in corneas treated with MMC alone after PRK. [
J Refract Surg.
2008;24:626–632.]
Optical Aberrations in Pseudophakic Eyes After 2.5-mm Nd:YAG Laser Capsulotomy for Posterior Capsule Opacification
Authors: Casprini Fabrizio , Balestrazzi Angelo , Tosi Gian Marco , Lazzarotto Marco , Malandrini Alex , Lepri Francesca , Martone Gianluca , Caporossi Tomaso , Caporossi Aldo
Published: April 2019

Purpose

To evaluate aberrometric outcomes in eyes with posterior capsule opacification after 2.5-mm Nd: YAG laser capsulotomy compared to pseudophakic eyes without posterior capsule opacification.

Methods

Photographic image analysis of posterior capsule opacification was performed on 36 eyes that showed advanced posterior capsule opacification (case group) and on 36 eyes which showed absence of posterior capsule opacification (control group). Best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) and wavefront analysis were performed in the control group and in the case group after 2.5-mm capsulotomy.

Results

Mean BSCVA in the case group after treatment was significantly higher than before treatment (
P
<.05) and similar to the BSCVA in the control group (
P
>.1). Aberrometric analysis was performed on the control group, but light scattering prevented the analysis in posterior capsule opacification before capsulotomy, which was then performed after the intervention in 18 (50%) eyes. Mean total high order aberrations and 3rd order aberrations were significantly higher in the case group than in the control group (
P
<.05). Fourth and 5th order aberration values were similar between the case and control groups (
P
>.06).

Conclusions

Our wavefront results can detect a deterioration of visual quality in patients that underwent a 2.5-mm Nd:YAG capsulotomy compared to pseudophakic patients not affected by posterior capsule opacification. This difference cannot be detected by standard visual acuity examination. Further study is needed to clarify whether our high order aberration findings were related to small, 2.5-mm capsulotomies and whether aberrometry may be indicative for mild to moderate posterior capsule opacification. [
J Refract Surg.
2008;24:702–706.]
Efficacy and Safety of Blue-light Scleral Cross-linking
Authors: Iseli Hans Peter , Spoerl Eberhard , Wiedemann Peter , Krueger Ronald R. , Seiler Theo
Published: April 2019

Purpose

To evaluate the efficacy of blue-light scleral cross-linking as well as its safety in preventing retinal damage beneath the treated sclera.

Methods

Six rabbits were unilaterally treated with topical riboflavin (0.5%) and blue light (465 nm) on the equatorial sclera using a light emitting diode source with an exposure area of 9 mm in diameter. Four weeks after the treatment, the animals were euthanized and the exposed sclera and contralateral eye sclera excised for comparative testing of biomechanical rigidity and histologic retinal cellular damage. Extensiometry was performed to evaluate the stress–strain curve of treated versus untreated sclera, and light microscopy of the treated sclera and underlying retina were also comparatively evaluated.

Results

Blue-light scleral cross-linking showed a three-fold increased stiffening in all tested animals in the stress–strain curve. Histological investigation revealed no retinal damage in any of the treated eyes.

Conclusions

Scleral cross-linking with riboflavin and blue light (465 nm) has a stiffening effect on the sclera without histological tissue damage to the retina. [
J Refract Surg
. 2008;24:S752–S755.]
Historizirana podoba naročnika. Attemsova družinska portreta iz brežiškega gradu in Rembov avtoportret
Authors: Murovec Barbara
Published: April 2019

V prispevku sta analizirana družinska portreta Ignaca Marije grofa Attemsa (Ljubljana, 15. avgust 1652 – Graz, 13. december 1732) s sinovi in Marije Regine grofice Wurmbrand, poročene Attems (Graz, 3. junij 1659 – Brežice, 24. april 1715) s hčerko in sinovoma, ki sta bila v oljni tehniki naslikana za veliko dvorano gradu Brežice (nem. Rann). Od leta 2010 sta hranjena v Dvorcu Eggenberg Deželnega muzeja Joanneum. Naslikal ju je Frančišek Karel Remb (Radovljica, 14. oktober 1674 – Dunaj, 23. september 1718), ki je sebe upodobil v celopostavni figuri v fresko tehniki na reprezentativnem mestu sredi dvorane, in sicer kot edino osebo iz sedanjosti. Ignac Marija, ki se je arhivsko izpričano udejstvoval kot arhitekt pri gradnji in prezidavah svojih bivališč, je na portretu predstavljen kot arhitekt-ustvarjalec in kot arhitekt-začetnik nove štajerske družine. Pretehtana inscenacija historiziranih portretov, s katerima sta želela ponosna starša za večnost ohraniti podobo umetnostno darežljive in ambiciozne družine, ki prosperira v miru in ljubezni, se nam v povezavi s slikarjevim avtoportretom kaže kot izjemna. Čeprav lahko pokažemo na številne mogoče vzore, so ti slikarju in naročniku služili le kot inspiracija za edinstveno umetniško celoto.
Yugoslav: Toponym or Ideology in Miodrag B. Protić’s Art-Historical Systematization of 20th-Century Art
Authors: Čubrilo Jasmina
Published: April 2019

The article analyzes the ideological context and historical circumstances in which Miodrag B. Protić initiated and realized the art-historical systematization of 20thcentury art from the territory of pre- and postwar Yugoslavia. The concept of “Yugoslav” in the syntagm “Yugoslav modern art” is problematized, interpreted here as a polysemy whose meanings were produced by various discourses about Yugoslavism; the effects of those found in Protić’s articulations are mapped and examined.
Large-scale distribution of a deep-sea megafauna community along Mediterranean trawlable grounds
Authors: Fernandez-Arcaya Ulla , Bitetto Isabella , Esteban Antonio , Farriols M. Teresa , García-Ruiz Cristina , Gil de Sola Luis , Guijarro Beatriz , Jadaud Angélique , Kavadas Stefanos , Lembo Giuseppe , Milisenda Giacomo , Maina Irida , Petovic Slavica , Sion Letizia , Vaz Sandrine , Massutí Enric
Published: April 2019

The large-scale distribution pattern of megafauna communities along the Mediterranean middle slope was explored. The study was conducted between 500 and 800 m depth where deep-water fishery occurs. Although community studies carried out deeper than 500 m are partly available for some geographic areas, few large-scale comparative studies have been carried out. Within the framework of the MEDITS survey programme, we compared the megafauna community structure in ten geographical sub-areas (GSAs) along the Mediterranean coasts. Additionally, the spatial distribution of fishing was analysed using vessel monitoring by satellite information. Overall, the community showed a significant difference between sub-areas, with a decreasing eastward pattern in abundance and biomass. Longitude was the main factor explaining variation among sub-areas (by generalized additive models). However, we found a region which did not follow the general pattern. GSA 6 (northern Spain) showed significantly lower abundance and a different composition structure to the adjacent areas. The decrease in community descriptors (i.e. abundance and biomass) in this area is probably a symptom of population changes induced by intense fishery exploitation. Overall, a combination of environmental variables and human-induced impacts appears to influence the bentho-pelagic communities along the slope areas of the Mediterranean.
New Methods for Collaborative Experiential Learning to Provide Personalised Formative Assessment
Authors: Bhati Abhishek , Song Insu
Published: April 2019

Abstract—¬Supporting diverse and rapidly changing learning styles of new digital age generations is one of the major hurdles to higher education in the age of massification of education markets. Higher education institutions must now utilize unprecedented network speed and mobile technology to create stimulating learning environments for new digital age generations. This paper presents a new learning and teaching model that combines dynamic learning space (DLS) and mobile collaborative experimental learning (MCEL) for supporting diverse learning styles of students. DLS assists students with state-of-art modern wireless network technologies in order to support fast-paced, multi-tasking, data and content intensive collaborative learning in class. The model further extends student learning activities beyond classroom by allowing students to continue their learning anywhere and anytime conveniently using their mobile devices. MCEL provides automated continuous personalized formative-feedback 24/7. The main objectives of the model are to improve student engagement and to provide ownership of their learning journey, experiential learning, contextualized learning, and formative assessment at low cost. The model employs three factors that influence collaborative experiential learning and formative assessment. The three factors are: (1) the use of learning space within the classroom, (2) wireless learning technology, and (3) mobile learning system (m-Learning). Pilot studies of the model are conducted and evaluated on two groups of postgraduate students. Their participation is observed, and a survey is conducted. The results show that (1) DLS encourages high-level learning and diverse learning styles to move away from passive low-level knowledge intensive learning activities; (2) MCEL supports Bigg's constructive alignment in curriculum design, contextualized experimental learning, and personalized formative learning.
College Students’ Usage of and Preferences for Print and Electronic Textbooks
Authors: Abuloum Amjad M. , Farah Adnan , Kaskaloglu Esra , Yaakub Abduyah
Published: April 2019

Although print textbooks have been central for schooling for more than two centuries, electronic textbooks (e-textbooks) are steadily growing in popu-larity among students at all levels of education. This sharp growth has esca-lated the need for further research to enable a better understanding of the changing patterns of students’ usage of print and electronic media. The study explores college students’ usage of and preference for print and elec-tronic textbooks in Bahrain Teachers’ College, in Bahrain. The sample of the study consisted of 271 undergraduate students selected from courses that utilized both formats of textbook as clearly indicated in their syllabi. De-scriptive analyses were used to analyze data collected. Results indicate that regardless of textbook format, the highest percentage of students use their textbooks only when their instructors require them to do so. For print text-books, results show that the highest percentage of students spend between 1 to 3 hours a week on reading. However, for e-textbooks, the highest per-centage of students spend only less than 1 hour per week on reading. An in-teresting finding for this study is that compared to print textbooks, e-textbooks gain a higher percentage of students’ usage when it comes to spending higher numbers of hours of reading per week. The study affirms that students are in general positive to the use of electronic format but still show a preference for print format as the best medium for academic study. Lastly, the study uncovers reasonable findings as to why students prefer one textbook format over the other.
Le regard regardant/regardé chez Tawfīq Al-Ḥakīm
Authors: Denooz Laurence
Published: April 2019

Profondément marqué par une détention politique lors de la Révolution égyptienne de 1919, le dramaturge égyptien Tawfīq al-Ḥakīm dissimule ses opinions politiques et idéologiques derrière une attitude conforme à celle attendue par le pouvoir et la censure. Dans ses textes fondés sur une mythologie distanciatrice, il met en scène des personnages ambigus, à la fois objets et sujets, regardants et regardés, auto-regardants et auto-regardés. Aussi bien chaque personnage analyse-t-il les actes des autres au travers de son propre regard. L’œil du regardant revêt un rôle de miroir – tour à tour déformant, réaliste ou aveuglant – qui contraint le regardé, brutalement confronté à l’altérité, à la réaffirmation ou à la redéfinition de sa propre identité.
Les yeux et le regard chez Yves Bonnefoy
Authors: Gervais-Zaninger Marie-Annick
Published: April 2019

La présente étude tente de mettre au jour les différences fondamentales qu’établit le poète-penseur Yves Bonnefoy entre deux notions souvent mal distinguées que sont les yeux et le regard, sur un double plan esthétique et éthique, sa conception singulière prenant tout son sens d’une confrontation avec deux autres approches philosophiques du regard, celle de Sartre et celle de Levinas. Les « yeux » sont pour Bonnefoy liés à une « approche conceptuelle du monde », alors que le regard est du côté de la présence et de « l’expérience de l’immédiat », dans la perception non intellectualisée des êtres, saisis dans leur irréductible individualité. Le regard du poète aura pour tâche de retrouver celui de l’enfant, en déconstruisant les fausses évidences et les préjugés. C’est en ce sens que le regard doit être considéré comme un « lieu de signifiance » fondamental, au cœur de l’expérience éthique comme des modes esthétiques de représentation.
Penser l’évidence
Authors: STAVRIANAKIS Anthony
Published: April 2019

Cet article suit la démarche d’un homme, Peter, vers une mort volontaire assistée, en Suisse, afin de saisir et d’analyser aussi bien les négociations qui l’accompagnent que la mise en œuvre de cette nouvelle manière de mourir. Deux moments sont plus particulièrement observés, qui sont révélateurs de deux enjeux différents mais liés entre eux. Le premier est l’examen médical, une des étapes du processus d’évaluation par les professionnels, au cours duquel est invoquée l’« évidence » de la demande d’aide au suicide. C’est cette évidence que l’on questionne, en estimant que les significations multiples de cette demande, replacées dans le contexte d’une histoire individuelle, sont plus justement appréhendées à l’aide de l’idée de « Neutre » ou de « désir de Neutre » telle que la définit Roland Barthes, comme la quête d’un mode d’engagement sémiotique qui élude ou déjoue des oppositions binaires. Le deuxième moment est celui du suicide assisté lui-même, dont la gestualité particulière est abordée à la lumière d’une double tradition iconographique, celle de la compassion et celle de la lamentation, afin d’en révéler les enjeux éthiques et esthétiques.
Deep Learning Models for Biomedical Image Analysis
Authors: Ji Bo , Zhang Wenlu , Li Rongjian , Ji Hao
Published: April 2019

Biomedical image analysis has become critically important to the public health and welfare. However, analyzing biomedical images is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and has long been performed manually by highly trained human experts. As a result, there has been an increasing interest in applying machine learning to automate biomedical image analysis. Recent progress in deep learning research has catalyzed the development of machine learning in learning discriminative features from data with minimum human intervention. Many deep learning models have been designed and achieved superior performance in various data analysis applications. This chapter starts with the basic of deep learning models and some practical strategies for handling biomedical image applications with limited data. After that, case studies of deep feature extraction for gene expression pattern image annotations, imaging data completion for brain disease diagnosis, and segmentation of infant brain tissue images are discussed to demonstrate the effectiveness of deep learning in biomedical image analysis.
Examining Academic Dishonesty
Authors: Alleyne Philmore , Thompson Renée M.
Published: April 2019

Academic dishonesty (AD) has plagued many higher education institutions (HEIs). This chapter examines AD among accounting students in business schools and discusses possible mechanisms to reduce misconduct among students, as well as staff. Today's students are tomorrow's accounting professionals. Yet, some HE students strive to succeed at all costs by using unethical means including being aided by dishonest academic staff. For example, the unethical and corrupt practices in Enron, and the subsequent closure of one of the leading international accounting firms, Arthur Andersen, raised questions pertaining to codes of conduct, ethics, and morality being taught in business schools. This chapter reviews the literature, identifies issues from an internet search of actual cases, and then offers recommendations for reducing such detrimental behaviors.
Students as Co-Creators of a Mobile App to Enhance Learning and Teaching in HE
Authors: Prescott Julie , Iliff Pippa , Edmondson Daniel J. T. , Cross Duncan
Published: April 2019

This chapter considers how technology can enhance teaching and learning through technology within the higher education setting. The chapter considers findings and draws conclusions from a recent project conducted by the authors involved in this technologically innovative project. In particular this chapter aims to consider how mobile apps can be beneficial for learning and education purposes, consider the pedagogic value of technology use within higher education (HE), look at how students can be co-creators in their own learning, and provide an overview of the mobile app and the research findings that it was developed from. The chapter will also take into consideration the challenges associated with developing and implementing a technological intervention in HE.
Intelligent Tool for Decision Making Associated With Hospitalization and Sandstorms for the Optimization of Ambulances
Authors: Molina-Herrera Estrella D. , Cervera-Gómez Luis Ernesto , Herrera Carlos
Published: April 2019

The shortest path problem is a typical problem of optimization. This chapter presents an innovative model associated with the use of case-based reasoning to solve a problem of routing vehicles in a Hospital of El Paso, United States. In this chapter, diverse components are described to characterize this problem through the use of a knowledge system. The algorithm was developed in Java, thus obtaining a tool which determines the best tracks to the vehicles associated with ambulances. An experiment was realized to probe the validations; the results were used to compare it with the Dijkstra algorithm and determine the quality of the results. The future research of this intelligent tool is to determine an innovative perspective related to episodic knowledge applied to resolution of diverse ambulances, and as this topic is determinative to find and remember the best solutions quickly, additionally the authors compare it with a code from other postgraduate students trying to implement an algorithm similar to logistics but using a shuffled frog leap algorithm.
Tuning Parameters Using VisTHAA Applied to a Metaheuristic Algorithm That Solves the Order Picking Problem
Authors: Nieto Luis Rodolfo Garcia , Gómez-Santillán Claudia , Cruz-Reyes Laura , Rangel-Valdez Nelson , Fraire-Huacuja Héctor J.
Published: April 2019

The problem of product transportation has taken great importance due to the demand of products in the market that has to be delivered, and solving the transportation problem is a complex task because it involves the solution of three NP-hard problems. A warehouse involves many operations, such as receiving, locating items, sending an order, among others. For the problem of location of elements several techniques of an arrangement of elements to be able to increase the efficiency of the delivery of orders have been used. In the literature, some studies have studied this problem through the variable cost and size bin packing problem (VCSBPP), which consists of the location of elements in containers of varying sizes and costs. In this chapter, the authors propose an algorithm based on a metaheuristic algorithm, which is called variable neighborhood search for optimizing the VCSBPP solution. This chapter includes an analysis of the factors involved in the solution of the VCSBPP through techniques of parameter setting, in a tool of analysis of heuristic algorithms called VisTHAA.
Application of the Order-Picking and Self-Organizing Maps Models to Optimize the Supply Chain
Authors: López-Santos Irving , Rivera Gilberto , González Saúl
Published: April 2019

At present, the management systems of companies and Industry 4.0 are closely linked. However, technologies that promise to drastically help the efficiency of operations are not implemented in production floors and specifically in warehouses. This chapter shows a methodology of bibliographic search that determines the most recent optimization algorithms and with greater occurrence within the scientific literature. Editorials and scientific journals are also taken into account. The information is analyzed and shown in the conclusion part of the work. The conclusions indicate the hybrid algorithms with greater publication, their characteristics, the different types of metrics used for the implementation of optimization systems in production environments, and the secondary support algorithms used to cover the performance weaknesses of the main algorithms.
Solving Instances of an Order Picking Model for the Second-Hand Toy Industry Combining Amalgam Case-Based Reasoning and PSO Algorithms
Authors: Mejia José , Hernández Alberto , Cossio Franco Edgar Gonzalo , Montes Martin , Lara-Alvarez Carlos , Avila-George Himer
Published: April 2019

An increasingly large community—mainly from emerging economies—collects and buys “click toys” (i.e., scalable and adjustable toys composed by many pieces); this type of toy has been used for educational purposes; low-cost toys can be obtained from second-hand cargoes of separate parts, but it requires solving an order-picking problem where the primary guideline is that pieces could fit together. This is a common concern of logistical applications with limited resources. In general, providers of this type of service implement a handmade routing system in which a route is selected based on the pieces and customization required. Using this system, it is difficult to generate effective routes to pick-up pieces; for example, in many situations, the same routes are used for a long time, and new provisions on traffic behavior or new routes available to ensure the correct supply of each piece are not considered. In this chapter, the authors propose an amalgam model using case-based reasoning and an algorithm based on the behavior of birds to solve the problem.
Functional Order Picking Model Associated With Italika Motorcycle Parts
Authors: Flores Edna Cruz , Aguilar José Alberto Hernández , García Jaime Del Ángel
Published: April 2019

The purpose of the chapter is to propose a conceptual order-picking model to increase the commercialization of Italika motorcycle parts in the North of Veracruz, through the sequential analysis of activities such as distribution in the warehouse, preparation, packing of orders, and the issuance of orders to final customers. It is obtained through simulations using heuristics to compare scenarios and obtain different results after the modification of the main variables. As a result of the designed model, a calculation of three stipulated vehicles was obtained to deliver the seven spare parts systems for Italika motorcycles to each of the dispatch areas. Finally, the authors concluded, via the analysis, that the selected method is functional (in conjunction with the heuristics presented) to address the order picking when the case study was confronted, searching for the optimization of the related logistics processes.
Specification of a Model of Distribution of Traditional Clothing in a Mobile Atelier
Authors: Bandala Iván
Published: April 2019

This chapter is focused on the problem of the distribution of traditional clothing in a mobile atelier in the clothing stores of Naranjos-Amatlán. Through a series of reviews, the methodology for the design that best suits the distribution is established in order to optimize working time optimally. With the chosen methodology, the profile of the orders is built. Based on the corresponding characteristics, the problem of distribution and sale is dealt with correctly. Different designs are studied of the atelier's distribution and transportation warehouses, as well as enlistment and routing policies, with the purpose of identifying the influence of the scenarios and policies in the order distribution time and the utilization factor of the resources involved in the process. The results contribute to the improvement of process indicators, reflected in operating costs and customer service.
Optimum Selection of Biodiesel for Sustainable Assessment
Authors: Bhowmik Chiranjib , Bhowmik Sumit , Ray Amitava
Published: April 2019

This chapter aims to select the best biodiesel for a diesel power generator considering sustainable criteria. The study proposes the application of an almost unexplored prospect theory-based multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method, popularly known as Tomada de Decisao Interativa Multicriterio (TODIM). Several conflicting criteria including calorific value, cetane number, density, viscosity, flash point, and pour point are considered as the most predominant criteria, while pongamia oil, jatropha oil, cotton seed oil, linseed oil, madhuca indica oil, olive oil, and sunflower oil are among the considered biodiesel alternatives. Results show that madhuca indica oil scored the highest value followed by others. The study is also complemented by an analysis of the sensitivity of the numerical results obtained to show the robustness of the proposed method.
Application of Modified Similarity-Based Method for Cotton Fiber Selection
Authors: Prasad Kanika , Dwivedi Rishi
Published: April 2019

In today's business environment, sustainability is one of the most significant issues that organizations needs to deal with. Fiber choice is often the initial stride that designers and product developers will consider in minimizing the ecological impact of a garment while achieving sustainability. Cotton fiber, whether alone or blended with some other fiber, is being extensively used in textile industries. However, the selection of optimal cotton fiber depends on its several properties like length, strength, fineness, length uniformity, short fiber content, etc., thus making this selection process s multi-criteria decision-making problem. Thus, for the first time, this chapter examines the applicability and feasibility of a modified similarity-based approach for selection of cotton fiber which in turn assists in achieving sustainable design characteristics. Two illustrative examples from past researches and one existing cotton fiber selection problem of a small textile organization are solved applying the adopted method to validate its veracity and robustness.
China's Belt and Road Initiative
Authors: Khan Muhammad Khalil , Pratt Cornelius B.
Published: April 2019

China's multibillion-dollar Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a common fixture on the radar of policymakers and researchers because of the massive financial investment it involves and the economic opportunities it provides disadvantaged Eurasian states. BRI promises fast-track infrastructural development, transnational connectivity, and unimpeded trade. It predicates economic growth in developing countries on the shared development model. However, BRI has also engendered sensitive economic and security challenges. The Islamic world embraces BRI even as China's engagement there poses critical challenges to its foreign policy. This chapter highlights key markers on the landscape of BRI projects in the Islamic world and presents their implications for China's foreign policy. It also provides useful policy guidelines for a more effective implementation of BRI-related projects, thereby protecting China from possible conflict with regional and global powers.
Use of Learning Analytics in China
Authors: Skampagiannis Konstantinos , Pletsas Athanasios
Published: April 2019

This chapter per the authors examines the feasibility of a learning analytics tool in the Chinese Higher Institutions educational environment. At first, the general definition of learning analytics is examined. Additionally, the authors shed light on case studies of universities that have already implemented learning analytics. Moreover, the Chinese educational environment is examined through a thorough analysis of the learning analytics necessity. Based on the literature review, a learning analytics tool is proposed. In a technical basis, the tool is a combination of ELLI or Effective Lifelong Learning Inventory, a dispositional learning analytics tool and a recommender system. The ultimate function of the tool is that it links students with a specific educational profile with successful students with similar profiles. Finally, the author identified the key limitations of the prototype and performed a general analysis on the tools goals and expectations in the Chinese Higher Education Institutions.
Analysis of Access Delay in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks for Multimedia Applications
Authors: Arjaria Arundhati
Published: April 2019

Mobile ad hoc networks are infrastructure-less wireless networks; all nodes can quickly share information without using any fixed infrastructure like base station or access point. Wireless ad hoc networks are characterized by frequent topology changes, unreliable wireless channel, network congestion, and resource contention. Multimedia applications usually are bandwidth hungry with stringent delay, jitter, and loss requirements. Designing ad hoc networks which support multimedia applications, hence, is considered a hard task. The hidden and exposed terminal problems are the main which consequently reduces the network capacity. Hidden and exposed nodes reduce the performance of the wireless ad hoc networks. Access delay is the major parameter that is to be taken under consideration. Due to hidden and exposed terminal problems, the network suffers from a serious unfairness problem.
BEASF-Based Image Enhancement for Caries Detection Using Multidimensional Projection and Neural Network
Authors: Patil Shashikant , Kulkarni Vaishali , Bhise Archana
Published: April 2019

Tooth caries or cavities diagnosing are concerned as the most significant research work, as this is the common oral disease suffered by humans. Many approaches have been proposed under the topics including demineralization and decaying as well. However, the imaging modalities often suffer from various critical or complex aspects that struggles the methods to attain accurate diagnosis. This article turns to introduce a new cavity diagnosis model with three phases: (i) pre-processing (ii) feature extraction (iii) classification. In the first phase, a new bi-histogram equalization with adaptive sigmoid functions (BEASF) is introduced to enhance the image quality followed by other enhancements models like grey thresholding and active contour. Then, the features are extracted using multilinear principal component analysis (MPCA). Further, the classification is done via neural network (NN) classifier. After the implementation, the proposed model compares its performance over other conventional methods like principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and independent component analysis (ICA) and the performance of the approach is analyzed in terms of measures such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, false positive rate (FPR), false negative rate (FNR), negative predictive value (NPV), false discovery rate (FDR), F1Score and Mathews correlation coefficient (MCC), and proves the superiority of proposed work.
Towards the Development of a Holistic Framework of Project Complexity
Authors: Gul Saleem
Published: April 2019

Project complexity proves to be a difficult concept to grasp, especially for those new to the topic. This article provides a rapid yet thorough review of the concepts of complexity for those research students, researchers, or project professionals who may be interested in working with or studying complex projects. This article is developed using a traditional literature review process and uses a funneled or top-down approach to present the ontological view point of complexity. The article first discusses complexity in general and then moves on differentiate between simple, complicated, complex, and chaotic systems. The discussion then focuses on complexity in projects, from where the perspective of ‘complexity of' projects and ‘complexity in' projects. The article concludes by presenting an extended and deeper framework of complexity that amalgamates previously known thoughts on project complexity, uncertainty, and schema theory.
The Quality Improvement of Molten Aluminium Alloy in Melting Process by Stirring Process and the Degassing Technique
Authors: Tempiamwatcharothai Jintana , Sirivedin Kumpanat , Mungsantisuk Pinai , Thuanboon Swieng
Published: April 2019

The fuel-fired crucible furnace is very popular for melting of aluminium alloys. This melting technique provides good control of hydrogen gas in aluminium casting. The fuel type is LPG for convenience and low cost of production in small and medium foundry. However, the quality of the melt such as homogeneity of chemical composition is not good and stirring is normally required. In this paper, the rotary degassing system was used to improve the quality of the molten aluminium alloy. By control the homogeneity of chemical composition and reduces other impurities such as Iron (Fe). Two different inert gases, argon and nitrogen, were used to treat the melt. The combination of blade design, type of gas and rotation speed is the key success to improve the quality of molten aluminium alloy in this study. Moreover, this rotary degassing system can be used to control pouring temperature which is one of the most important parameters for the consistency of casting quality. Therefore, the rotary degassing system will be of benefit to control the homogeneity of chemical composition, control the pouring temperature, save production time and increase productivity of aluminium melting and casting.
The Effects of Replacement Metakaolin with Diatomite in Geopolymer Materials
Authors: Thammarong Suwanan , Lertcumfu Narumon , Jaita Pharatree , Manotham Supalak , Tunkasiri Tawee , Pimpha Nattaporn , Rujijanagul Gobwute
Published: April 2019

Geopolymers are aluminosilicate inorganic polymers. In this study, the effects of replacement metakaolin with diatomite in geopolymer materials were investigated. The geopolymer materials were prepared by leaching diatomite (from Lampang province) and metakaolin (from Ranong province) with alkaline activator solutions. The fresh slurry was cast into plastic molds with a cubic shape and then cured at room temperatures. Effects of ratios between diatomite and metakaolin were investigated. Furthermore, influences of curing time on the properties of the studied samples were also determined. Many techniques for material characterization such as XRF, XRD, and SEM were employed in this work. The mechanical property of geopolymer compressive strength was tested after curing. It was found that compressive strength of the samples increased with increased amounts of diatomite.
Numerical-Experimental Model and Polynomial Regression Method for Interpretation of G-BHN Relation of Kraft-Based Fibrous Composites Evaluated by Using Brinell Analysis
Authors: Muangma Rakdiaw , Wongsaenmai Supattra , Soitong Tawat
Published: April 2019

This research focused on the mathematical model that could be simplified as the series function. This function used for macroscopic explanation of the relationship between shear modulus and Brinell hardness of fibrous composites. Kraft paper was used as the sample for this testing. The paper-grammage was varied as following:150, 230, and 420, whereas, the dwell time of indentation was ranging as: 10, 20, and 30 seconds, respectively. And then, the correlation between shear modulus (G) and Brinell Hardness Number (BHN) was obtained by using the simulation of experimental results. These were collected by the Brinell hardness testing machine. After that, the refitting process was analyzed using the polynomial based on linear and quadratic model, respectively. It was found that the interpretation of G-BHN relation using the quadratic be better than the linear one. Because of the coefficient of determination (R2) that analyzed by quadratic function present in higher value than another one.