bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Current state of problem of disturbances of menstrual function at women with diffuse dysplasia of mammary glands
Authors: Gladenko Svitlana
Published: May 2022

Diffuse benign dysplasia of the mammary glands is one of the frequent pathologies that practitioners almost daily encounter. Studying the mechanisms of development of pathological gynecological conditions, the researchers concluded that there is a pathogenetic connection between cyclic changes in the reproductive system and the physiological processes occurring in the mammary glands. This makes it possible to assume a high probability of occurrence of pathological changes in the mammary glands in various gynecological diseases, developing as a result of disorders of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian system. The general inhibition and unity of the reaction of the reproductive organs to hormonal imbalance is the main prerequisite for the
development of benign hyperplastic and the risk of malignant processes. The relevance of studying the reproductive health of patients with dyshormonal non-inflammatory pathology of the genital organs is due to the steady increase in the proportion of this pathology in recent years in the structure of gynecological morbidity, the rejuvenation of the patient population, and the lack of a single algorithm for rehabilitation measures. On the one hand, effective treatment reduces symptoms, guarantees quality of life, on the other hand, mastopathy is a risk factor for the development of a malignant tumor in the future. Therefore, timely correction of dysplasia can be considered as a variant of primary prevention of breast cancer. The choice of an adequate tactic to manage such patients from the existing variety of dosage forms is the key to the success of treatment.
Age-related aspects of efficiency of auxiliary genesial technologies at the combined forms of infertility
Authors: Berestovoy Oleg
Published: May 2022

The objective: to study the role of age of patients in the estimation of efficiency of auxiliary genesial technologies at the combined forms of infertility.
Materials and methods. For the decision of the put purpose we inspected 70 women of genesial age, which made the followings groups: basic (n=30), comparisons (n=30) and control (n=10). To the complex of the conducted researches were included clinical, echographic, endocrinology, morphological, statistical and immunological.
Results. With the increase of age of patients the amount of growings follicles goes down appropriately; ovaries of oocyte got during puncture, including mature. One of mechanisms of violation of follicogenesis and oogenesis is a change to the cytokine adjusting of these processes. With the increase of age of patients there is an increase of content in the follicle liquid of ovaries
of proinflammatory cytokines. Stimulation of ovaries of гонадотропинами is accompanied by growth of follicles, recruiting and
activating of immunocompetency cages with induction of anti-inflammatory, pro inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. A negative role high concentrations can play in blood of estradiol, and also pharmacological preparations which are used during stimulation of ovaries (гонадотропины, agonists and antagonists of gonadotropin-releasing-hormone), and also age of patients. Conclusions. To the informing clinical and anamnestic and hormonal factors which determine the result of cycle of auxiliary genesial technologies for the patients of genesial age with the combined forms of infertility, take: age of patient, index of mass of body, presence of pipe-peritoneal factor of infertility, level free to testosterone in blood, table of contents of progesterone in blood on 20–22 days of menstrual cycle, and also determination in the follicle liquid of ovaries of cytokines. We are rotin the role of age of patients in the estimation of efficiency of auxiliary genesial technologies.
Features of pathogeny of anaemia of pregnant with violations in a pubertal period
Authors: Kovalyshin Orysia
Published: May 2022

The objective: study of role of whey ferritin in pathogeny of anaemic syndrome for expectant mothers with violations in a pubertal period.
Materials and methods. For the decision of the put purpose in research were included 335 pregnant. All patients parted on two categories: a basic group is 275 women which suffered an anaemic syndrome in I, II and the III trimesters of pregnancy. They were up-diffused on a І group – 185 women, sufferings iron-scarce anaemia in I, II and the III trimesters pregnancies at which the sharp are not fixed or chronic infectious-inflammatory diseases, both to and in the period of the real pregnancy. Anaemia for such women we de bene esse designated as actual iron-scarce anaemia and group II – 90 women with anaemia in the III trimester of pregnancy which developed on a background sharp or chronic infectious-inflammatory pathology. Anaemic syndrome for such patients we de bene esse designated as anaemia of inflammatory diseases. A control group was made by 60 women with the physiology flow of pregnancy and normal indexes of conntrration haemoglobin, numbers of red corpuscles in peripheral blood and exchange of iron, at which chronic infectious and autoimmune diseases are not fixed in anamnesis.
Results. Concentration of haemoglobin in the I trimester for patients with actual iron deficient anaemia which developed in the III trimester, there was authentically higher, than for the patients of control group: 119,8±1,9 g/l against 118,8±2,7 g/l accordingly. Opposite, the concentration of whey ferritin in a control group in all trimesters appeared for certain higher, than for pregnant with anaemia in the different terms of gestation. It confirms that at prognostication of risk of development of anaemia more correct is oriented not on the initial level of haemoglobin, but on the concentration of whey ferritin. The coefficient of linear correlation of the investigated indexes makes in the I trimester of pregnancy +0,63, in the II trimester +0,79, and in trimester +0,77. Essence of logarithmic dependence consists in that at the higher values of whey ferritin haemoglobin goes down not so substantially, as it is marked at the low levels of whey ferritin.
Conclusion. The results of the conducted researches testify to the substantial role of whey ferritin in pathogeny of anaemic syndrome for expectant mothers in all trimesters of gestation. The set features of pathogeny of anaemic syndrome must be taken into account at development of complex of diagnostic and treatment-and-prophylactic measures.
Synthesis and Characterization of Mixed Ligand Complexes from Curcumin and New Schiff Base Derived from Isatin for Some Metallic Ions and Evaluation Biological Activities
Authors: Hassan Shaimaa Ahmad
Published: May 2022

This study describes the synthesis of new Schiff base ligand (L') derived from isatin with 2- amino-6-methylbenzothaizole, also prepared mixed ligand complexes from curcumin (HL) and Schiff base (L') with metal ions, give formula: [M(L)(L') Cl] where: M = [Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd], With (M: HL: L') [1:1:1] in ethanol as a solvent. The Schiff base (L') and all complexes were characterized by spectroscopic measurements (IR, 1H,13C-NMR, UV-Vis, A.A., LC-mas), magnetic susceptibility, elemental microanalysis, molar conductivity, chloride content, and melting point. Based on the results obtained an octahedral geometrical formula was suggested for all prepared complexes. The evolution of biological activity for ligands and their complexes was valued for two kinds of bacteria: (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus) and only one type for each of the mildew Candida Albicans. The results showed that the biological activity of the complexes against the bacteria and mildew are best than the ligands.
Antioxidant and Antibacterial potential of Lycium shawii Roem. and Schult (Awsaj) and Tetraena qatarensis (Hadidi) Beier and Thulin leaves: A Herbal approach to Combat Drug Resistance and Oxidative Stress
Authors: Alruways Mashael W. , Khan Nazam
Published: May 2022

The present investigation deals with the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of chloroform and methanolic extracts of Lycium shawii and Tetraena qatarensis leaves. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH and FRAP assay. In the DPPH assay, the lowest IC50 values 45.63 and 46.17µg/ml were observed with methanolic and chloroform extract Lycium shawii leaves, respectively. In FRAP assay most of the extracts showed optical density >0.5 at 40µg/ml. In the antibacterial activity test, all tested extracts were found active towards all bacterial strains with MIC ranged between 0.03125 to 0.12mg/mL. Subsequently, in the combined effect assay, the highest fold increase (92.31%) was observed against Salmonella typhi with methanol extract of Lycium shawii leaves. The examined plants could be used as a treatment for microbial infection and oxidative stress after detailed follow-up investigations.
Digitalization of Pharmaceutical Business in Ukraine
Authors: Iryna Timanyuk , Iryna Bondarieva , Volodymyr Malyi
Published: May 2022

This article analyzes the level of transformation of the pharmaceutical business in Ukraine and the willingness of pharmacy enterprises to switch to new digital technologies. Given the new reality and the global COVID-19 pandemic, digital transformation will affect the pharmaceutical markets of all countries. The current situation contributes to breaking out of the comfort zone and enhances transition to new technologies and opportunities. Pharmaceutical companies are forced to use digital technology, and develop remote contact with customers. Currently, 4.1 billion people in the world have sustainable Internet access and the amount of users is growing by 1 million daily, with 2.8 billion people making purchases on the Internet. Simultaneously, the portrait of the average digital user is changing – the age is increasing, now it is a group of people aged between 25 and 44. The age group mentioned above can be described as potential “golden” consumers of pharmaceutical institutions – at such age financial capabilities meet appearing chronic diseases. Global trends have a crucial impact on the pharmaceutical sector; more flexible companies are already introducing modern technology into their day-to-day operations. A number of large pharmacy enterprises in Ukraine have new digital technologies at hand: online chats for client consulting; mobile applications; online orders and goods reservation; record of customer purchases; gamification of customer acquisition; bonuses that can be monetized in the network of pharmacy stores; disease coaching, etc. General trends in digital transformation are seen particularly well in the retail section of the pharmaceutical business. The process of personification of pharmacies as brands and products manufactured in pharmacy conditions is clearly monitored. Pharmacies that own web pages, despite the similarity of the information provided, try to maximize personification of the information presented and protect it from plagiarism. There is a visible relaunch of the collaborative consumption model, new uncommon partners are attracted, thanks to which the customer base is expanding. The new opportunity arises for real-time purchases with the maximum automation of this process and minimizing the time spent on purchases. Also, the article outlines the directions in which Ukrainian pharmaceutical enterprises begin to develop, as well as the barriers and reasons that impede this development.
Lower Back Pain Classification using Parameter Tuning
Authors: Lenka Sushmita , Victor Nancy
Published: May 2022

Back pain is one of the most popular diseases which cause extreme discomfort for patients. More than 80% of the people’s day to day activities are affected due to lower back pain. The symptom sometimes gets neglected and worsens the situation, which can cause lifelong damage to vital organs. Lower back pain can be classified as normal and abnormal LBP based on the boundary values of various parameters. Extensive research has been carried out in this field and most of the classification techniques serve the purpose by classifying the data with already provided accuracy values. However, this paper provides a novel technique by adding feature parameter tuning which acts as a catalyst in increasing the accuracy and thereby identifying the effective parameters that help in the optimization.
In vitro Antiplatelet Activities of Aqueous Extract of Garlic (Allium sativum) and black Garlic in Human Blood
Authors: Agustina Lia , Gan Emilia , Yuliatiq Ninis , Sudjarwo Giftania W.
Published: May 2022

Coronary heart disease is one of the deadliest cardiovascular disease in the world. Recent studies have shown an increase in aspirin resistance as a gold standard therapy causing recurrent heart attacks. Antiplatelet of natural resources thus need to be explored. Garlic (Allium sativum) is known to be effective as an antiplatelet, but the problem arose after consuming garlic prolonged is the presence of unpleasant breath and body odor which reduces patient compliance in therapy. Black Garlic is a product made of garlic which tastes delicious and does not smell pungent like raw garlic. There has been no study of Black Garlic as an antiplatelet before. The aim of this research was to determine the antiplatelet activities of aqueous extract of garlic (AEG) and Black Garlic (AEBG) and to evaluate their differences in human blood in vitro. This research was designed to be experimental posttest only, which was performed in 10 groups, namely the vehicle controls, positive controls, as well as the concentration groups of AEG and AEBG (each 1-4μg/μL). The antiplatelet activity was tested using the Born method, which measured the plasma uptake before and after induced with Papain. Evaluation was done by calculating the percent inhibition of platelet aggregation of the concentration groups relative to vehicle controls. The results showed that both AEG and AEBG have antiplatelet activities ([H=16.664; 5 df; p=0.005] and [H=16.225; 5 df; p=0.006] respectively). The inhibition of platelet aggregation is also shown to be significantly different in both samples [H=21.693; 7 d.f; p=0.003].
A Comparative study on ECG changes among normal and otherwise healthy congenitally deaf children
Authors: S Suma. , Prasad. V Hari , S Abeetha. , K Tejashwini. , Sharda Renu
Published: May 2022

Background: Congenital deafness is usually seen to be associated with number of heart diseases. Screening congenitally deaf children with ECG can give us an insight on unidentified congenitally associated heart disease. Aim and objective: To study the ECG changes in congenitally deaf children and compare with normal children of the same age group. Materials and methods: We conducted a community based cross sectional analytical study with a sample size of 120 subjects out of which 60 were children from deaf school as cases and 60 were children from normal school with normal hearing as controls. Both the groups had 30 males and 30 females. 12 lead ECG was taken, studied and compared among the two groups. Results: Deaf children showed significant ECG changes like long QTc (16.7%), left axis deviation (3.3%), right axis deviation (1.6%), clockwise rotation (8.33%), anticlockwise rotation (5%), QRS complex abnormalities (45%), T wave inversions (45%). Conclusion: Our study was able to pick up numerous changes in ECG of deaf children. Yet the findings are inconclusive. Further genetic and thorough cardiac evaluation is necessary to comprehensively establish the relation between co-occurrence of ECG changes and congenital sensorineural deafness.
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Afatinib versus Gefitinib in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Mutation in Indonesia: Observational studies with Retrospectives
Authors: Sari Seftika , Andayani Tri Murti , Endarti Dwi , Widayati Kartika
Published: May 2022

Background: A cost effectiveness study is a method in pharmacoeconomic research that can be used as a reference for decision makers or clinicians in determining effective and efficient treatment for patients, one of which is a Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer patient who has an EGFR mutation. Research related to the cost effectiveness of the benefits afatinib and gefitinib is still very limited, especially in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the cost-effectiveness of afatinib versus gefitinib in NSCLC with EGFR mutation patients. Methods and Material: This study is an observational study with a retrospective approach that observes medical record records (to determine clinical outcomes) and financial records (to determine direct medical costs) in NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations at dr Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta and Dr Kariadi Hospital Semarang, Java Island., Indonesia in the period January 2016 - June 2019. Result: Direct medical cost for NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations who received afatinib therapy was an average of Rp. 120,881,289, - ± 5,353,480.07 per patient, while those who received gefitinib therapy were an average of 90,750,186, - ± 3,369,967,722. Effectiveness data have been published in previous studies. The ICER PFS value shows that afatinib is cost-effectiveness compared to gefitinib with a value of Rp. 106, 345, 069.4/PFS (year). This ICER value is less than 2 times the value of Gross Domestic Product/GDP (Rp. 118, 200,000, -) which is around 1.8 times the value of GDP, whereas in OS afatinib is no better than gefitinib. Conclusion: Afatinib cost effectiveness based on real world retrospectively compared to gefitinib with ICER PFS value of Rp. 106, 345, 069.4/year.
Growth Dynamics following Growth hormone treatment in group of Iraqi patients with Turner’s Syndrome
Authors: Fadhil Ridha Muneer
Published: May 2022

Background: Short stature is a well-known consequence of Turner’s syndrome (TS) and treatment with growth hormone can be improved the height of those patients, determination of the growth hormone velocity dynamics can help us to predict the optimum period for growth hormone treatment response. Objective: To study growth dynamics, which explained by height standard deviation, growth velocity and growth velocity standard deviation subsequent to growth hormone treatment in patients with Turner’s syndrome. Patient and Methods: During the period from January 2010 to January 2020, medical records of (30) patients with Turner’s syndrome (TS) were registered for this study, treated with growth hormone (GH). Where growth hormone (GH) dose was 0.06 IU/kg/day. Patients' height, mid-parental height (MPH), Bone age, the target height, the height standard deviation value, growth velocity and growth velocity standard deviation value were measured during Periodic follow-up of the patients every (3) months. Growth dynamics that explained by growth velocity, growth velocity Standard deviation and height standard deviation were compared before and after finishing treatment. Results: The average of height at beginning of treatment was 1.04±0.49 and the average of height at end of treatment is 1.3±0.154. While the difference in average is significant p=0.002. The difference between average of height standard deviation value at beginning of treatment and the average of height standard deviation value at end of treatment is also significant p =0.001. The first 2 years had the highest growth velocity and after that the growth velocity almost steady the same. The first year had lowest growth velocity standard deviation and the last year had the highest growth velocity standard deviation. There was no side effects observed was observed during treatment protocol. Conclusion: The growth velocity dynamics peak was more encountered during the first two years of treatment making it the optimum period of interest for compliance with growth hormone treatment.
Protective effect of the combination of Hydroalcoholic extracts of Asparagus Racemosus, Centella Asiatica, Plumeria rubra with Glibenclamide in Experimentally Induced Diabetic Nephropathy in rats
Authors: Vidyadhar Yadav Amruta , Devidas Upasani Chandrashekhar
Published: May 2022

Objective: The current investigation analysed the effect of combination of standardized hydroalcoholic extracts of Asparagus racemosus (AR), Centella asiatica (CA) and Plumeria rubra (PR) on glibenclamide (GB) administered in experimentally induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) in Wistar rats. Material and methods: DN was induced in laboratory rats by alloxan monohydrate (160 mg/kg i.p). Rats were given the combination of AR, CA and PR called as ACP (100, 200 and 400mg/kg) along with GB (5mg/kg). Group 1-4 were control, diabetic control, standard GB (10mg/kg), GB (5 mg/kg), while groups 5-7 were given ACP (100, 200 and 400mg/kg) along with GB (5mg/kg) once daily for 30 days. Blood glucose, serum insulin, uric acid, Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, superoxide dismutase (SOD), albumin, malondialdehyde (MDA), and kidney histopathological examination was done in all experimental animals. Results: ACP along with GB improved the derailed glycaemic status, renal biochemical, oxidative stress parameters in animals. Co-administration of ACP (400mg/kg) with GB (5mg/kg) significantly (p<0.01) decreased BUN, creatinine, uric acid, significantly increased (p<0.05) SOD, significantly (p<0.01) decreased MDA, significantly increased (p<0.05) serum insulin when compared with diabetic control. Histopathological observations corroborated with biochemical parameters.
Conclusion: Enhancement in the effectiveness of GB was observed with ACP (400mg/kg). Thus, ACP confers protection by improving renal, oxidative parameters and the restoration of morphological abnormalities in the kidneys.
Effect of Naringin Co-administration on Oral Bioavailability of Efavirenz in Rabbit
Authors: Asif Mohammad , K. Patel Rakesh , Patel Hardik , Jamal Gilani Sadaf
Published: May 2022

Efavirenz is a first line anti-retroviral drug belonging to category of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTIs), However, it has variable bioavailability due to its limited aqueous solubility. Naringin is a bioavailability enhancer which has been used to increase bioavailability of several drugs. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of improving the bioavailability of Efavirenz using Naringin in experimental rabbits. The experimental rabbits were divided into four groups. Group I received Efavirenz 9.33 mg/kg, p.o (which corresponded to 200mg of human dose), Group II received Efavirenz 9.33mg/kg, + Naringin 20.8mg/kg, p.o; Group III received Efavirenz 28mg/kg, p.o (which corresponded to 600mg of human dose); Group IV received Efavirenz 28mg/kg + Naringin 20.8mg/kg, p.o. Afterwards, plasma from each group of rabbits was extracted and at fixed time interval drug plasma concentration was estimated using HPLC. Pharmacokinetic parameters of were determined for each group. Efavirenz (9.33mg/kg and 28mg/kg) - Naringin (20.8mg/kg) co-administration significantly increased absorption rate constant (Ka) and elimination rate constant (Kel), Cmax, T1/2, Tmax significantly. Efavirenz 9.33mg/kg - Naringin (20.8mg/kg) co-administration increased area under the curve significantly. The relative bioavailability of Efavirenz 9.33 mg/kg - Naringin (20.8mg/kg) co-administration and Efavirenz 28mg/kg - Naringin (20.8mg/kg) co-administration was found to be 113.77% and 106.75% respectively. Based on the results it can be concluded that Naringin co-administration increased the oral exposure of Efavirenz to some extent. Bioavailability of Efavirenz with Naringin was found to be higher than Efavirenz control.
A Posição Prona e seus benefícios no tratamento da Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório Agudo: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Pereira Leite Bianca , De Andrade Isidório Ubiraídys , Zenóbya Ferreira Nóbrega de Souza Kamilla , Alice Vieira Melo de Lima Maria , Alverga de Lima Andreza , Galdino Moreira Bruno , Guilherme Leite Linhares de Sá Francisco , Vilar de Assis Elisangela , Lígia Vieira Melo Marta
Published: May 2022

Devido à alta mortalidade, estratégias terapêuticas alternativas têm sido adotadas na prática clínica da síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo (SDRA), à exemplo da posição prona, que, com o paciente em decúbito ventral, alivia atelectasias e melhora oxigenação e perfusão. Objetivo: Verificar, na literatura, evidências que comprovem os benefícios do uso da posição prona em pacientes com síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo (SDRA). Método. Revisão integrativa da literatura. Pesquisa nas bases de dados: BVS, SciELO, Lilacs, PubMed e Google Acadêmico, utilizando os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS): Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório do Adulto; Decúbito Ventral; Ventilação Mecânica; Ventilação não Invasiva; Fisioterapia, cruzados pelo operador booleano AND. Após aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade e avaliação por títulos, resumos e leitura na íntegra, foram selecionados 13 estudos para a elaboração desta revisão. Resultados e Discussão. A posição prona (PP) é indispensável para redução da gravidade e da mortalidade da SDRA. Além de evitar a intubação orotraqueal, a PP promove melhora na relação PaO2/FiO2, aumento da saturação de O2, melhora da complacência pulmonar, redução no tempo de ocupação de leito de UTI e no tempo para alta hospitalar. A PP é uma técnica de baixo custo altamente eficiente com vários benefícios à mecânica respiratória dos pacientes.
Fazendo ciência cidadã com aplicativo de celular para conservação da biodiversidade amazônica, no Norte do Mato Grosso, Brasil
Authors: Elídio da Silva Gabriela , De Almeida Santos Maria Eduarda , De Souza Corbulin Tânieli , Roberto Signor Thomas , Stedile de Matos Liliane
Published: May 2022

O objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar a importância da ciência cidadã para o conhecimento e conservação da biodiversidade (vegetal, animal e funga) da Amazônia, através da Grande Bioblitz do Hemisfério Sul-GSB na região Norte do Mato Grosso na edição 2021. Como procedimentos metodológicos utilizou-se dados de registros fotográficos de indivíduos da fauna, flora e funga realizados durante o evento da GSB do norte do Mato Grosso disponíveis gratuitamente no banco de dados do aplicativo iNaturalist. Dessa forma, foi possível obter e analisar o número de observações realizadas, de participantes, de espécies já identificadas e de identificadores. A GSB do norte do Mato Grosso contou com a participação de 23 pessoas e apresentou um total de 554 observações, das quais 303 espécies foram identificadas através de 104 identificadores. Notou-se a presença de 6 espécies introduzidas e 4 ameaçadas de extinção. Portanto, foi possível constatar que o evento de ciência cidadã realizado através da GSB do Norte do Mato Grosso, aproximou os cidadãos do conhecimento científico, com a produção de dados de observações de seres vivos da região amazônica. Trazendo à luz o conhecimento de várias espécies presentes nessa região, notando que algumas foram introduzidas no ambiente podendo causar perda da biodiversidade, e outras se encontram com risco de extinção.
Assessing Adoption Levels and Constraints to Modernized Rice Varieties Adoption by Rice Producers in Northern Ghana
Authors: Lamptey C. Y. , Azumah S. B. , Maanikuu P. M. I.
Published: May 2022

The consumption of rice has increased dramatically in Ghana over the years. To enhance productivity in order to meet the demand of the commodity, some high-performing rice varieties have been disseminated to smallholder farmers in northern Ghana through a plethora of development interventions. Nevertheless, productivity is still low at farm gate compared to experimental stations, largely due to smallholders’ poor adoption of enhanced varieties and other socio-economic factors. Using primary data collected from 404 farmers, the study uses descriptive statistics to examine the adoption levels as well as reasons and challenges for adopting modernized rice varieties by producers in northern Ghana. The empirical results revealed low adoption levels of modernized rice varieties in the region; with Jasmine topping the list of most adopted (41.10%) followed by Agra (37.13%) and Afife (20.30%). The five most important reasons for farmer-use of modernized rice varieties in the region were: ready market for rice, ability of rice to withstand pest and disease attacks, higher consumer-demand, and pieces of advice from extension officers as well as advice by researchers to cultivate. High cost of production arising from input and labor costs coupled with high cost of farm credit are identified as major constraints to modernized rice varieties adoption in the region, and should be considered in any policy reforms or response by the government to address food insecurity issues within the context of current expected global food crises and to meet the sustainable development goals 1 and 2. Non-governmental and farmer-based organizations, and other actors in the rice value chain should collaborate with the government of Ghana to minimize the constraints and optimize adoption levels of modernized rice varieties in northern Ghana, which is a food basket of the country.
Beyond the Bond: Love, Marriage and Romance in Anton Chekhov’s Selected Short Stories
Authors: Dr. Anchal Tiwari
Published: May 2022

Anton Chekhov is a literary giant in nineteenth century fiction. He has contributed to the contemporary literature a deep awareness of human emotions, which foregrounds the necessity to understand the emotional values in narrative. Chekhovian realism has been a formula which writers have diligently followed ever since. In most of his fictional oeuvre he has depicted the individuals of modern society experiencing various shades of emotions which guide their psychological, interpersonal as well as social life. The stories written by Anton Chekhov are kaleidoscopes of various experiences which are an integral part of modern existence. Interpersonal relationships, especially man-woman relationships are portrayed by Chekhov in a striking manner. The present paper is an attempt to study a few of his selected short stories, keeping in mind Chekhov’s interest in a counter-presentation of such relations.
Resurgence of Buddhism in Indian and Chinese Diplomacy
Authors: Arpana Raj
Published: May 2022

In this globalized and information age, it requires to move ahead with the time and bring required changes in the methods of diplomacy. Both India and China are trying to make use of their status as ancient and rich civilizations for the revival of age-old linkages based on cultural and religious exchanges. Both the countries are preaching the lessons of Peace and Harmony in their foreign policy and trying to make use of the Buddhist wave as cultural diplomacy. The resurgence of Buddhism led to the use of Buddhism as a cultural bridge between countries and has become the need of the hour. Moreover, as Asia is a highly religious region both India and China are making their Buddhist links a tool of cultural diplomacy. This paper would analyze how India and China are making use of Buddhism as an instrument of cultural diplomacy in a competitive manner. As both the countries are planning to gain an upper hand in the region, keeping their advantages and constraints in mind, the paper would highlight their prospects and constraints in using Buddhism and Spiritual diplomacy as a soft power for their political end.
Gender Discrimination in Mahesh Dattani’s Tara: A Critical Analysis
Authors: Dr. Om Prakash Ratnaker
Published: May 2022

Mahesh Dattani is a distinguished contemporary Indian playwright in English who works as a writer, stage and film director, actor, and theatrical personality. His plays are on the issues that arise in Indian contexts. He writes about those who are on the margins of society, such as minorities, women, gays, and transsexuals. The purpose of my paper is to investigate the female child's trauma in Mahesh Dattani's Tara. The predicament of Tara is akin to those of myriad unfortunate Indian females. In this conservative society, there are numerous obstacles to nurturing a girl child. On the one hand, they discover empowerment through good education, financial success, and individualism in society, yet our culture is unable to decimate long-held biases against them. "The girl child is still an undesirable arrival into an Indian home, even when the family is ostensibly educated and even has exposure to Western ideas," argues Dr. Jyoti Sharma (1). In this play, Tara is the daughter of an educated upper-middle-class family in Bangalore. The play's plot revolves around twins who are born with three legs, with blood circulation to the third leg coming from the newborn girl's torso. Only one of the twins could have two legs, while the other had to make do with one. The unwavering pronouncement to attach the third leg to the boy child's body to complete the child. This decision was not based on the medical ground but due to gender discrimination and injustice towards girl children in our Indian society. Dattani is concerned with gender discrimination and inequality toward girl children. This is done not because the girl is incapable of surviving in the merciless hands of society, but because societal conventions, economic standards, and cultural elements are to blame for this horrific activity. All of these circumstances constitute an ideology in our society in which the girl child must live and die. In this case, a girl's potential is sacrificed on the altar of gender, in which a female's role is also unforgettable and unforgivable, resulting in this unwelcome criterion.
Making Visible the Invisible: An Analytical Elucidation of Tishani’s Poems
Authors: Dr. Gunjan Saxena
Published: May 2022

Tishani Doshi channels her unique potential into her creative work as a scholarly Indian poet, passionate artist and astounding dancer. She converts dexterously the bitter realities of life into words and scatters literary gems liberally in her poetic realm. Her ‘overlapping concerns’ through creative writing (poems, novels) and rhythmic movements make her subsequent career unparalleled. Although Tishani is deft to articulate her literary caliber through poetry and novel both, yet poetry provides her the nuts and bolts of expressing the abstract feelings into words with concrete images.  Her poems leave indelible impression upon the mind of the reader. The minimal words of poems contain plethora of philosophy and provide the possibilities to widen our imagination. She dares to ponder over umpteen baffling questions related to pre-natal existence, post mortal destination, our real abode etc. While pouring out her bubbling genuine notions particularly in poems, she appears to unwrap life’s those mysteries which remain incomprehensible or unrevealed for a layman. Through her treasure trove of poetry, she temps us to fumble the hidden philosophy regarding isolation, crisis of identity, nostalgia, rootlessness and nervous exhaustion with fluctuation of moody unhappiness. What makes the poems worth reading is the coating of spiritual belief and mysticism upon them. The comprehensive analytical articulation represents conspicuously the screeching of an alienated soul yearning for a perennial settlement in this cosmos.
Women of Afghanistan Mirrored through Khaled Hosseini’s A Thousand Splendid Suns
Authors: Roma Naaz  , Prof. Tanveer Khadija
Published: May 2022

Literature forms the backbone as well as the mouthpiece of almost all historical events and consequently presents the readers with a clear representation of the problems associated with the foretold incidents. Gender has been a powerful topic, capable enough of grasping the attention of the society in every age. Women have been considered as subordinate, invaluable and minority citizens. This has been constructed by the societal norms wherein women have always been dragged to the pedestal of all sorts of discussions. Women have been deliberately suppressed to an extent that their lives turned out to be miserable in the so-called patriarchal society. The Feminist theory focuses on the understanding of the gender inequality by highlighting the most prominent themes such as sexual objectification, oppression, patriarchy and so on. Afghanistan has the same root problems. The deteriorated condition of women still persists with the passing years without any considerable change. The novel is a very clear and crisp depiction of the sufferings of female characters namely Nana, Maryam and Laila who suffer mercilessly at the hands of their male dominants. These women are tortured and threatened sexually, psychologically and mentally. The agony and anxiety involved in such practices shape the female characters of the novel and provides the readers with an overview of the gender inequality through lack of education, exemption from their rights, marital problems, unhealthy medical conditions and so on.
Antisemitism in Umberto Eco’s The Prague Cemetery
Authors: Salman  , Dr. Rani Tiwari
Published: May 2022

The present paper focuses on the history of antisemitism and exploring it in the novel, The Prague Cemetery by Umberto Eco. Gradual development of antisemitism and conspiracy theories related to it will also be analysed in this paper. Umberto Eco's realistic portrayal of the then European society and various conspiratorial events and cover ups will also be dealt in the paper. The comparison between forging of the antisemitic text Protocols of The Learned Elders of Zion and its hate spreading message and use of it by Hitler as well as the main character Simone Simonini will also be done. A comparison will also be made between the condition of 19th century Italy and 20th century Germany. Simone Simonini's acquired antisemitism, xenophobism and conspiracy theory against the secret society The Freemasonry will also be analysed through the textual lines of the novel.
A Reassessment of Charles Dickens’ Hard Times as a Socialist Critique against Capitalist Ethos
Authors: Dr. Rajan Lal
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the present paper is to make a reassessment and revaluation of Charles Dickens’ Hard Times to expose how capitalism and the ills of England’s Industrial Revolution inflicted its wrath on labour and bourgeoisie in the 19th century England. It also aims at manifesting how humans were forced to become machines under the aegis of capital and how the dominance of reason, intellect and wit in the 18th century minimised the effective side of humanitarianism during the clash between capital and labour. It also reflects the miserable conflict between head and heart or reason and sentiments. It also makes a severe attack on the educational theory of “facts” and “statistics.” Through the two pivotal advocates and champions of industrial capitalism in the novel--Gradgrind and Bounderby--the paper provides a socio-economic critique of the times of early phase of capitalism, Laissez Faire and Utilitarianism when the processes of production were ideologically privileged over the inhuman existence of the workers.
Oh! Guileless Passion! Understanding Indian women’s ambivalent sexuality and gender performances post Feminism in India
Authors: Ms Trina Mukherjee  , Dr Purnima Anjali Mohanty
Published: May 2022

Cinema is a powerful archive; an extension of the human perspective, where the nuanced human existence is dissected and laid bare for the spectators to find their realities. Lipstick Under My Burkha (2016) does that. The four women characters coming from lower-middle-class families of Bhopal, India, are shown to be trying to live their lives on their own terms; but the fetters of norms, gender regulations and patriarchy binds their wings. Foucault further claims that “a norm belongs to the arts of judgment and that although a norm is related to power, it is characterized less by the use of force or violence than by, as Ewald puts it, “an implicit logic that allows power to reflect upon its strategies and clearly define its objects. This logic is at once the force that enables us to imagine life and the living as objects of power, and the power that can take 'life' in hand, creating the sphere of the bio-political”. A melody as honest as this one requires a leitmotif - Passion. As the movie unfolds on screen that makes the viewer recall a vague sense of doomsday, the lyrics in the background confess, “Passion, you ruined my life without ever asking me first.” Deep in the confines of a beauty parlour, one woman tells another, “You know what our problem is? We dream too much.” The film closes with four women marvelling at erotica, where the oldest tells the youngest to have the courage to dream, even as her demeanour sits heavy, recovering from shame. Female Passion (sexual, emotional, career-driven etc.) in a patriarchal, small-town circumstance gives each woman the courage to come alive - and yet, each time they do, Reality shakes the dreams out of their eyes, making them die a little more inside. As with Robert Louis Stevenson’s Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, the confines of a woman’s identity allow her acceptance in society, where she navigates her secret desires in utter isolation (i.e. turning into a symbolic Mr. Hyde) now and then, but always returning to her “respectable face” (i.e. the symbolic Dr Jekyll) until it becomes impossible to separate the two, leading to her downfall. This ambivalence in female identity then seems deeply rooted in a culture of shame, where more “feminist” desires may only be pursued by being “shameless” - she steps forwards in the community to enact the performance of a lifetime (her oppression is, literally, a life-sentence) as she slips from one persona (an actor’s mask) to the next, finding and losing herself in the stolen moments between them. The film then appears as a commentary on sustenance - the Female, in less-privileged societies, helpless in their despair, may only come alive in split persona. Their stories are all the same. Their lipstick (self-expression, autonomy) is hidden away under their (both symbolic and literal) burkas.
Encountering The ‘Other’: Diasporic Consciousness in Jasmine and Brick Lane
Authors: Dr. Sangeeta Kotwal
Published: May 2022

Bharati Mukherjee and Monica Ali are both diasporic writers, from India and Bangladesh, respectively. Although Mukherjee’s growing up years were spent in India, it was her experience an immigrant in Canada, where she spent almost fourteen years of her life from 1966 to 1980, which provided her with the themes of her novels. The racism she encountered in Canada forced her to focus on issues such as cultural conflict, alienation, and gender discrimination, even gender violence. Her novel Jasmine encapsulates the experience of an Indian female immigrant to the US who despite various odds and hurdles, is able to survive and prevail. Monica Ali, a Dhaka born British writer, takes up gender problems as well as the issues of migrant community of Bangladesh and was hailed as the best of ‘young British novelists’ in 2003 for her debut novel Brick Lane. The novel explores the life of Nazneen, an immigrant in London, who becomes an embodiment of cultural conflict between east and west. The paper aims to bring out the fact that both women protagonists, Nazneen and Jasmine, as immigrants, adapt and survive due to the status of being the ‘other,’ which has been accorded to them since birth. Gender discrimination, which is a part of their life, turns them into fighters and survivors. The ‘otherness’ of their status, helps them acclimatise, while highlighting the commonality of their experience in terms of both, as females and immigrants.
Çevresel Faktörlerin İnsan Üzerindeki Etkisinin Duygusal Haritalama Yöntemi İle Ölçülmesi
Authors: ALKAN İsra Nur , YEŞİL Murat
Published: May 2022

Kentler tarihsel süreç içerisinde her zaman değişen ve dönüşen bir kavram olarak ele alınmıştır. Özellikle son yıllarda kentlerde yaşanan değişimlerin çevresel sorunları artırdığı görülmektedir. Bu sorunların insan duyguları üzerinden belirlenmesi, kenti planlayan, tasarlayan, geliştiren her meslek disiplini açısından yol gösterici olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada sokakların çevresel özellikleri ve bu özelliklerin hissettirdiği duygular ele alınmıştır. Ordu kent merkezinin büyük mahallelerinden biri olan Akyazı Mahallesinde insanların sokak deneyimleri sırasında hissettiği olumlu ve olumsuz duyguların nedenleri incelenmiş ve çevresel özelliklerle ilişkisi irdelenmiştir. Yapılan analizler ile sorunların ve memnuniyetin net şekilde tespit edilmesi yönü ile farklılık gösteren bu çalışma, çevresel sorunları veya memnuniyeti, hissedilen duygular üzerinden ölçerek sonuçları görsel olarak ortaya koymayı amaçlanmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda elde edilen sosyo-demografik bilgiler ve görsel anket sorularına verilen cevaplar, SPSS ve CBS ortamında analiz edilmiş ve sorunların tespit edilmesine yönelik MAXQDA programı üzerinden kelime bulutu analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan analizler doğrultusunda olumlu/olumsuz duygular ile çevresel faktörler arasındaki ilişki ortaya koyulmuştur.
Kırsal Destinasyonda Yerel Halkın Yer Kimliği Algısının Turizmin Gelişimine Desteği: İkamet Edilen Sürenin Rolü
Authors: ATSIZ Ozan , KAHRAMAN Onur Cüneyt , BEŞCANLAR Soner
Published: May 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı kırsal destinasyonda yaşayan yerel halkın yer kimliği algısının turizme verilen desteğe etkisini incelemektir. Bu kapsamda, yer kimliği ve turizm davranışı gösteren destek değişkenlerini içeren bir model önerilmiştir. Ayrıca, bu modelde yerel halkın ikamet süresinin nasıl bir düzenleyici role sahip olduğu incelenmiştir. Bu amaçlar doğrultusunda, nicel araştırma yaklaşımı benimsenmiş ve araştırma verisini elde edebilmek için Yozgat ilinde yaşayan yerel halka anket tekniği uygulanmıştır. Veri toplama süreci sonucunda 455 adet anket analize dâhil edilmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre, yer kimliği boyutlarından benzersizlik, süreklilik ve öz yeterliliğin turizme destek niyeti üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisinin olmadığı görülürken özsaygı boyutunun turizme desteği etkilediği görülmüştür. Ayrıca, ikamet edilen sürenin yer kimliği boyutları ile turizm desteği arasında herhangi bir düzenleyici role sahip olmadığı ortaya konmuştur.
Apexification with mineral trioxide aggregate plug in the upper anterior teeth: Presentation of three clinical cases
Authors: Mendoza-Mendoza Asunción , Cruz Moreno-Hidalgo M. , Caleza-Jiménez Carolina , Iglesias-Linares Alejandro , Yañez-Vico Rosa , Solano-Mendoza Beatriz
Published: May 2022

Introduction: The aim is to describe the treatment of three immature permanent incisors associated to apical periodontitis, based on the placement of an apical mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) plug for apexification. Case Series: Apexification was carried out by opening the pulp chamber, with debridement of the canal following anesthesia and isolation of the tooth. The canal was filled with pure calcium hydroxide in powder form, dissolved in saline solution for one week, and the aperture was sealed with IRM (Dentsply, Germany). One week later, the calcium hydroxide was removed and an MTA apical plug was positioned, sealing with a humid cotton pellet and IRM (Dentsply, Germany). After setting of the MTA, conventional endodontic treatment was carried out using gutta-percha, with definitive restoration of the tooth. Conclusion: All three cases, treated with MTA showed complete apical repair with rounding of the apex at radiographic control one year later, and the patients remained free of symptoms.
Luchas estudiantiles con fines contrapuestos: Venezuela y Chile
Authors: Aliaga Veronica
Published: May 2022

El trabajo realiza un análisis comparativo entre los movimientos estudiantiles recientes de Chile y de Venezuela. Específicamente se estudian las protestas estudiantiles chilenas de 2011 y las de Venezuela en 2014. Se consideran los antecedentes históricos de las luchas estudiantiles y educativas en ambos países, y el contexto específico en que se desarrollaron los movimientos objeto del análisis. Se consideran los programas de lucha enarbolados por ambos movimientos, así como sus estrategias y mecanismos de intervención social. Se concluye que los programas que motivaron las luchas estudiantiles en uno y otro país son abiertamente contrapuestos y perseguían objetivos totalmente contradictorios. Mientras la protesta venezolana se orientaba a fortalecer fuerzas políticas que defienden un modelo económico neoliberal (en el cual va incluida la privatización de la educación pública), la protesta chilena exigía precisamente conquistar la gratuidad y el libre acceso, acabando con el lucro en la educación, lo que implicaba la derrota de los sectores que defienden al neoliberalismo.