bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kesalahan Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Cerita Berdasarkan Metode Newman
Authors: Ramadoni  , Shakinah Nurul
Published: June 2024

Selama proses belajar mengajar matematika, siswa juga menghadapi banyak kendala terkadang siswa tahu cara menjawab pertanyaan yang diajukan, namun melakukan kesalahan dalam perhitungan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita SPLTV berdasarkan Metode Newman. Penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian diambil secara purposive sampling yang terdiri dari 10 orang siswa SMA. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan soal tes uraian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa melakukan Reading Error sebanyak 13,40%, Comprehention error sebanyak 21,65%, Transformation error sebanyak 19,59%, Process skill error sebanyak 19,59%, Endcoding error sebanyak 25,77%. Hal ini terjadi karena siswa kurang teliti, tidak mampu membaca soal, tidak memahami masalah, dan tidak mampu melakukan prosedur yang akan digunakan untuk menyelesaikan soal.
During the process of teaching and learning mathematics, students also face many obstacles. Sometimes students know how to answer the questions asked, but make mistakes in the calculations. The purpose of this study was to find out students' mistakes in solving SPLTV story problems based on the Newman Method. This research uses descriptive with a qualitative approach. Subjects in the study were taken by purposive sampling consisting of 10 high school students. Data collection techniques using essay test questions. The results showed that students made reading errors of 13.40%, completion errors of 21.65%, transformation errors of 19.59%, process skill errors of 19.59%, endcoding errors of 25.77%. This happens because students are less thorough, unable to read the questions, do not understand the problem, and are unable to carry out the procedures that will be used to solve the problem.
Effectiveness of Using Linanty Smart Dent Alarm As A Reminder to Brush Teeth for Primary School Age Children In Medan City
Authors: Ramadhan Ety Sofia , Hamsar Adriana , Herlinawati Herlinawati , Wahyuningtyas Miranda Gita
Published: June 2024

According to the data on the number of dental caries in elementary school students in Medan City is quite high, with an average value of caries of 6, meaning that there are 6 caries teeth in each child's oral cavity, One of the efforts made to remind and attract the attention of children to routinely brush their teeth properly and correctly is to make a media, introduce and use a reminder alarm to brush children's teeth that is packaged as attractive as possible,  Embedded brushing song also as an alarm tone. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using Linanty Smart Dent Alarm as a reminder to brush the teeth of elementary school-age children in the city of Medan. The first year of research (in 2023) carried out the creation of Linanty Smart Dent Alarm, to produce Alarm media embedded with brushing songs, the distal alarm sounds at the time of 2 minimum brushing times, namely, after breakfast and before going to bed at night. In obtaining the results of Linanty Smart Dent Alarm, trials were carried out by experts, namely by media experts, psychologists and education experts. In obtaining the results of Linanty Smart Dent Alarm, trials were carried out by experts, namely by media experts, psychologists and education experts and tested for feasibility by elementary school students. Due diligence results of 86.7% stated that Linanty Smart Dent Alarm is useful and very feasible to use.
The Effect of Kluwak Extract on Discoloration Nanohybrid Composite Resin
Authors: Ibrahim Irsan , Alawiyah Tuti , Dahayu Maheswari Naura
Published: June 2024

Background: Composite resin is the most commonly used restorative material in dentistry because it has good esthetics. However, consuming colored foods and drinks over a long period of time can cause discoloration. Kluwak, an ingredient often used in Indonesian cooking, contains tannins, which can change the color of the nanohybrid composite resin if consumed over a long period of time. Purpose: To determine and explain the effect of kluwak solution (pangium edule r) on the color change of nanohybrid composite resin. Methods and materials: The research was conducted experimental laboratory pre and post test. The number of samples was 30 nanohybrid composite resins with a diameter of 10 mm and a height or thickness of 2 mm, divided into 3 treatment groups, each group consisting of 10 samples with immersion for 1 day, 3 days, and 5 days in kluwak solution. Results: One way ANOVA test results (p0.05) showed the effect of kluwak solution on hue color changes in nanohybrid composite resins. Conclusion: There is an effect of immersion in kluwak solution (pangium edule r) on nanohybrid composite resin.
Antibacterial Activity Of Toothpaste Formulation Containing Spirulina platensis Extract Against Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Dharma  Canti Distca Putri , Lestari Vidyahayati Indah , Natania Renata Purnomo Brigitta
Published: June 2024

Background: The main bacteria involved in the formation of dental caries is Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). One approach to reduce the growth of S. mutans bacterial colonies is by brushing teeth with toothpaste containing antibacterial agent. The commonly used antibacterial agent is chlorhexidine, which is the gold standard chemical in reducing the colonization of S. mutans bacteria and other oral biofilms. However, over time, it causes various side effects, thus necessitating the search for alternative natural ingredients. One of  potential ingredient with antibacterial agent is the Spirulina platensis, which contains secondary metabolites known to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Thus, Spirulina platensis can be added to toothpaste as an antibacterial agent. Method: This study employed an experimental laboratory design with a post-test-only control group design. The study consisted of 7 treatments with 5 replications. Antibacterial activity was tested using the agar diffusion method by observing the average diameter of the inhibition zone formed. Data were analyzed using parametric one-way ANOVA. Discussion and Results: In this study, toothpaste with Spirulina platensis extract at concentrations of 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, and 3% can inhibited the growth of S. mutans with average inhibition zone diameters of 20.4 mm, 20.8 mm, 21.8 mm, 22.3 mm, and 22.7 mm. The one-way ANOVA parametric test results showed a value of p0.05, indicating a significant difference in the antibacterial activity of S. mutans in all treatment groups. Conclusion: Toothpaste formulations with Spirulina platensis extract have antibacterial activity against S. mutans bacteria.
Description of the Level of Knowledge and Awareness of Pregnant Women about Gingivitis at the Ngroto Community Health Center, Cepu District, Blora Regency
Authors: Hartanti Hartanti , Indira Salsabila Shafa
Published: June 2024

Increased hormones during pregnancy such as estrogen and progesterone during pregnancy can cause gingivitis. Pregnant women who experience gingivitis are at risk of giving birth to LBW babies and premature births. Factors that can affect gingivitis in pregnant women are the knowledge and awareness of pregnant women about gingivitis.This study aims to describe the level of knowledge and awareness of pregnant women about gingivitis at the Ngroto Health Center, Cepu District, Blora Regency. This type of research is descriptive observational using a cross sectional design. The research sample is pregnant women who carry out pregnancy checks at the Ngroto Health Center. The research sample was taken using total sampling and obtained 42 respondents. The level of knowledge and awareness of pregnant women about gingivitis was measured using a questionnaire. Using ordinal scale data. The descriptive analysis used is the frequency distribution. The results showed that 8 pregnant women (19.0%) had a good level of knowledge and 15 pregnant women (35.7%) had a good level of awareness. Most of the pregnant women in Ngroto Health Center have a low level of knowledge and awareness about gingivitis
Bildungsungleichheit im deutsch-argentinischen Vergleich
Authors: Claus Carolina
Published: June 2024

Bildung gilt als Schlüssel für sozialen Aufstieg, und doch halten sich trotz bildungspolitischer Maßnahmen soziale Ungleichheiten hartnäckig. Dieses Buch wirft Licht darauf, wie Grundschullehrpersonen in Deutschland und Argentinien mit diesem komplexen Spannungsfeld von Bildungsversprechen und -benachteiligung umgehen. Die Interviews und Analysen der Autorin zeigen im binationalen Vergleich, wie Lehrpersonen diese Herausforderungen bewältigen und welches professionelle Selbstverständnis sie dabei von ihrer Arbeit haben. Die Studie gewährt tiefe Einblicke in die komplexen Dynamiken von Ungerechtigkeit im Klassenzimmer und eröffnet neue Perspektiven auf die (Re-)Produktion von Bildungsungleichheiten.
Zurückgelassene Kinder im Kontext moldauischer Arbeitsmigration
Authors: Seidel Fränze
Published: June 2024

Tausende Kinder bleiben in der Republik Moldau zurück, während ihre Eltern zum Arbeiten ins Ausland migrieren. Im gesellschaftlichen Diskurs wird die Situation dieser Kinder stark problematisiert. Das Buch gibt einen Einblick in die Perspektiven ehemals betroffener junger Erwachsener und analysiert auf Basis der Grounded Theory deren Erfahrungen und Reflexionen in Bezug zu lokalen Gendernormen, dem öffentlichen Diskurs und den Bedingungen des Migrationsregimes.
Kernelemente herausragender Lehre
Authors: Lichtenstern Renate
Published: June 2024

Welche Kompetenzen zeichnen herausragende Lehrende aus? Wie haben sich die Anforderungen an Lehrende verändert? Wo und wie erwerben Lehrende Lehrkompetenz und welche Implikationen können hieraus für die hochschuldidaktische Personalentwicklung abgeleitet werden? Die Autorin zeigt mittels einer Replikationsstudie, dass herausragende Lehre auf fünf Kernelementen beruht, die die Bedeutsamkeit von Werten in der Lehrkompetenz betonen und sich auf die Weiterbildung auswirken.
STUDY OF THE HEAT ENGINEERING SCHEMES OF THE OK-520 FIRING MACHINES AT MIKHAILOVSKY GOK USING VNIIMT’S METHODOLOGY TO IMPROVE THEIR EFFICIENCY
Authors: BUTKAREV А. A. , BUTKAREVA E. A.
Published: June 2024

Optimization of the heat engineering schemes for thermal treatment of iron-ore pellets is of great importance for increasing productivity of the firing conveyor machines and reducing specific fuel and power consumption. The paper presents a description of methodology of complex multistage research of heat engineering schemes of firing machines developed by JSC VNIIMT, which was used in the development of technical specifications, as well as in the projects for modernization of firing machines and for pellet production process control system at different ore mining and processing plants. The technical solutions are considered; their application provides the maximum effect during modernization of the existing and construction of the new units. The principles of minimization of specific power consumption are established based on comprehensive analysis of heat engineering schemes, heat engineering calculations using mathematical models and firing machines inspection; their realization allows improving technical and economic indices of firing machines operation. The technical characteristics of firing machines were given, the reserves for increasing their performance were shown. The results of the analysis of design and existing heat engineering schemes of firing machines OK-520 at Mikhailovsky GOK are presented. It was established that both designed and existing schemes have reserves for improvement of their operation indicators. Basic technical solutions were determined, and their implementation would improve technical and economic performance of the firing machines.
DEVELOPMENT OF A DIGITAL TWIN OF MOTOMAN MH-50 INDUCTRIAL ROBOT-MANIPULATOR FOR WELDING OPERATIONS OF COMPLEX STRUCTURES
Authors: LITSIN K. V. , MAKAROV YA. V.
Published: June 2024

At the present time automatic welding machines are used for welding operations in the production of electric-welded pipes. However, industrial robots are used when welding complex structures consist of pipes of different diameters and bending radius. Unlike welding machines, robots move according to a set coordinate, thus making it possible to obtain welding constructions that “classical” welding machines are not able to perform or require considerable time for their readjustment. Moreover, welding robots-manipulators can perform additional operations: pre-cleaning of the joint, weld preparation and cleaning from dirt. Methods of setting (setting coordinates) of welding robots-manipulators are considered. It was noted that when making settings on the robot's panel it is necessary to stop the technological process, therefore a more rational way is the preliminary imitation of the welding process by using a digital twin of an industrial robot. Using of digital twins of robots-manipulators is often connected with serious financial expenses, therefore development on the basis of the simplified mathematical model of the digital twin is actual, that allows fulfilling the technological process of welding of new kinds of difficult designs by virtual way. Here is a description of a digital twin of an industrial robot-manipulator Yaskawa Motoman MH50-35, developed in Matlab Simulink environment. The main task of developing the digital twin was to create a system of automatic control of the rotation angle on the basis of the position regulator. The elaborated digital twin was tested; the accuracy of processing the wrist rotation assignment is +-0.0001 rad, there is no position overshoot, and the time of a full wrist revolution reaches 1.07 s. The possibility has been shown to use the developed twin as a digital twin of an industrial welding robot taking into account the accepted assumptions.
PREPARATION OF MOLTEN CAST IRON FOR MODIFICATION
BY MEANS OF REFINING TREATMENT IN THE FURNACE
Authors: KALYASKIN A. V. , KULAKOV B. A. , TOKAREV A. A. , BAKIN I. V.
Published: June 2024

Refining issues of molten metal are still actual in modern conditions of foundry. In manufacturing process of ductile and vermicular graphite iron castings with required microstructure and mechanical properties one of the essential conditions is the control of sulfur content in the base iron. Increased sulfur concentration (over 0,02%) can destabilize the production process of ductile and vermicular graphite iron castings and decrease the efficiency of modifying treatment. An additional factor reducing the efficiency of modification, which is not mostly controlled and not taken into account in foundry is oxidation of cast iron; average content is 1200–1600 ppb depending on charge materials. In this regard, in the production of ductile castings, the stage of metal pretreatment in the furnace, which consists in refin-ing the metal from sulfur and oxygen, is important. The iron foundry factories do not often have the opportunity to buy the modern equipment for refinement of liquid metal due to its high cost. In this case, in addition to existing traditional methods of refining, it is interesting to use specially developed compositions of complex materials and modifiers, improvement of methods of their input into the liquid metal. A possible variant of metal pretreatment for subsequent modification was presented. The complex briquetted material Refloy®F based on ferrosilicon FS45 has in its composition such active elements as alkaline-earth and rare-earth metals. The chemical composition of briquette Refloy®F and mechanism of its influence on cast iron melt was presented and practical experience of its application was provided. The technology of introducing briquettes depending on applied smelting unit, its consumption characteristics, results of reduction of oxygen and sulfur concentration in pig iron in the course of tests at different plants are presented. The advantages of iron desulfurization technology with Refloy®F briquettes are provided.
EFFECT OF THE JOINT SATURATION CONDITIONS OF STEEL WITH CHROMIUM AND NICKEL ON THE DIFFUSION LAYER DEPTH
Authors: SHABUROVA N. A. , PASHKEEV I. YU.
Published: June 2024

The destruction of parts of machines and mechanisms made of carbon and structural steels, as a rule, begins with surface corrosion, which can be prevented by applying protective coatings, in particular, by chemical-thermal treatment. The results of laboratory studies on the joint thermal diffusion saturation of steel 35Х2Н3 with chromium and nickel at a temperature of 1000°C for 24 hours are presented. A technique for analyzing the resulting coating based on the possibilities of X-ray spectral microanalysis (EDXA) of the diffusion layer on transverse microsections of the obtained samples is presented. The elemental composition of the diffusion layer was monitored using a JEOL JSM-6460 LV universal scanning electron microscope. Additionally, an experiment was carried out, which made it possible to fix the occurrence of an electric current in the system due to the thermal emission of electrons from the metals of the saturating mixture. It is shown that the
complex saturation of structural steel with chromium and nickel has a favorable effect on the depth of the diffusion layer. An effective way to increase the depth of diffusion of chromium and nickel is to use an electron gun (nickel mesh). The diffusion depth of nickel increases by 2 times and chromium by 1.3 times. The fact of electron emission and the occurrence of their directed flow (current strength up to 0.15 mA) from the backfill to the saturated part has been experimentally confirmed. It was established that the magnitude of the emerging current depends on the number of emitted electrons and it is higher when the work function of electrons for the metal in the filling is lower.
On the question of hardening of a slug poured along the wall of a rotating mold
Authors: Chumanov I. V. , Sergeev D. V. , Vyatkin G. P. , Fedorov A. A.
Published: June 2024

A comparative analysis of metal pouring into rotating molds using the siphon method and top pouring was performed. A new top pouring method is proposed to reduce defects of shrinkage origin: looseness, central porosity, liquation, etc. The method is based on rotating the mold during pouring around its axis or moving a metal melt stream relatively to the rotating mold. The peculiarity of the process is that steel pouring is carried out along the inner wall of the mold. The results of experimental cold physical modeling are presented. A glycerol solution was used as a model liquid. The results of cold modeling showed that implementing the proposed pouring method results in temperature losses averaging up to 5%. Taking into account the scale factor, higher values can be expected in a real process.
Theory and practice of inoculation for high-grade gray cast iron railway castin
Authors: Chaikin A. V.
Published: June 2024

JSC “Cheboksary Aggregate Plant” has mastered the production of high-strength gray cast iron "wedge friction" railway castings (grade SCH30) intended for freight wagon bogies. According to the casting's technical specifications, the presence of interdendritic graphite and cementite in the vertical and sloping walls of the casting is not allowed. However, in separate batches, interdendritic graphite and up to 10 % cementite were found in the controlled walls of the castings. To solve the problem of obtaining castings with a blemish-free microstructure, the iron modification technology was changed. Instead of ferrosilicon FS 75, a more effective composite dispersed inoculant was developed and implemented. The advantages of the latter, which consisted of chemically treated ultrafine modifier (USM) and a by-product of organosilane production (KSM), were theoretically substantiated. The advantages of the developed modifier over FS75 were confirmed by modeling the behavior of inoculant’s particles when filling the “wedge friction” cavities in the FLOW-3D program. USM and KSM particles were evenly distributed throughout the volume of the castings at all observed heights of the controlled casting walls. They served as graphite crystallization centers throughout the solidification time of the castings, ensuring the absence of blemishes in the castings. The introduction of the developed material into production allowed reducing the modifier consumption by 6.25 times, ensuring the absence of blemishes in the castings, achieving the required mechanical properties of the iron, and an economic effect of over 4 million rubles
Management of Nutritional Failure in People with Severe ME/CFS: Review of the Case for Supplementing NICE Guideline NG206
Authors: Edwards Jonathan
Published: June 2024

In the United Kingdom, a small but steady stream of people diagnosed with ME/CFS (myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome) have run into serious problems with nutrition because of difficulties with eating and drinking, and some have not survived. The clinical problem is extremely difficult, with little or no formal evidence on which to base diagnosis-specific recommendations for care, or information about prognosis. In several cases, however, the problem has apparently been compounded by a lack of provision of adequate services, misunderstandings, and conflict between health care professionals over diagnosis and approach to management. The following is a review of the clinical problem, including some suggestions for protocol content that might supplement NICE Guideline NG206. The main conclusion is that there is an urgent need for a consensus amongst professionals that focuses on practice based on reliable evidence rather than theory-laden diagnosis. The author is a physician with no direct involvement in ME/CFS care but with an interest in the clinical and scientific problems the condition poses.
POLONYA CUMHURİYETİ’NİN KAMU DİPLOMASİSİ UYGULAMALARININ İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Akdemir Erhan
Published: June 2024

Bu çalışma Polonya Cumhuriyeti’nin kamu diplomasisi uygulamalarının temel özelliklerini incelemektedir. Bu minvalde Polonya'nın uluslararası ilişkilerinde kamu diplomasisi uygulamalarını şekillendirirken kullandığı kavramlar ve araçlar çalışma içerisinde analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın iki temel varsayımı bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan ilki Polonya’nın son yirmi yıllık dönemki dış politikasında kamu diplomasisi uygulamalarını oldukça aktif bir şekilde kullandığıdır. İkinci ise ülkenin siyasi tarihinin, kültürünün, ulusal mirasının ve ülkenin temel dış politika hedeflerinin, Polonya’nın kamu diplomasisi uygulamalarına yön verdiğidir. Bu varsayımlar temelinde çalışma Polonya devletinin yurtdışında uyguladığı kamu diplomasisi çalışmalarını iki ana aktör üzerinden incelemiştir. Bunlardan ilki Polonya Cumhuriyeti Dışişleri Bakanlığı bünyesinde faaliyet gösteren Polonya Enstitüleri’dir. İkincisi ise Polonya Cumhuriyeti Kültür ve Ulusal Miras Bakanlığı tarafından desteklenen Adam Mickiewicz Enstitüleri’dir.
Anatoly Vasiliev’s Theatre. Semiology of Continuity and the Way to a New Type of Theatrical System
Authors: Perevalov A. I.
Published: June 2024

Introduction. The article provides a general description of Anatoly Vasiliev’s theatrical method, discussing the essence of methodological and philosophical breakthroughs in the future of Russian and world theaters, and, in this context, the continuity of the main tenets of Stanislavsky’s system.

Methodology and sources. The article compares two theatrical concepts, two methodological, philosophical, and historical approaches of Russian and World Theatres: Stanislavski’s system and Vasiliev’s method. It determines the semiology of continuity and features of a new approach to the development of dramatic art.

Results and discussion. The article highlights the elements of the Stanislavsky system present in Anatoly Vasiliev’s method, aiming to derive an algorithm for utilizing new opportunities based on established systems and techniques for training modern actors. The article's conclusions are drawn from five years of experience (since 1988) with the Vasiliev method, gained through direct contact with the master while collaborating on texts by Plato, Oscar Wilde, Fyodor Dostoevsky, William Faulkner, Thomas Mann, Erasmus of Rotterdam, and Alexander Pushkin. As the article relies on introspective research followed by epistemological analysis, it maintains a subjective nature. It is the outcome of the author’s experience working within the Anatoly Vasiliev’ s School of Dramatic Art at the GITIS acting and directing course (1988–1993), and years of observation of the method’s evolution in working with Vasiliev's students, students of theater universities, and professional actors both in Russia and abroad.

Conclusion. The article does not claim to precisely represent Vasiliev’s ideas and thoughts but rather reflects the author’s journey through the rehearsal process in Vasiliev’s theater, acknowledging the internal changes experienced by the author as an actor, director, and individual within the method. It abstains from making value judgments regarding the Stanislavsky system and Vasiliev’s method, instead highlighting the most distinctive features of the theatrical method, elucidating its philosophy, and emphasizing the unity between the Stanislavsky and Vasiliev systems.
Water Supply Management Through an Innovative Dashboard Solution
Authors: Ms. S. Ashwini  , Ms. D. Santhiya
Published: June 2024

The increased public awareness and stronger restrictions have led to a rising recognition of the significance of advanced technology, especially Geographic Information Systems (GIS), in the management of water resources. The use of GIS in water management is highlighted in this work, with particular attention paid to pollution control, hydrologic modelling, and analytical water supply systems. Furthermore, by combining six conditioning factors and applying vulnerability analysis and logistic regression, it offers a novel approach to leak detection in water distribution networks (WDNs). In order to support preventive maintenance and resource allocation, the model predicts vulnerable locations properly. It is also suggested to use machine learning algorithms to optimise turbine maintenance schedules as part of a predictive maintenance framework for hydroelectric power facilities. High accuracy rates are attained by the framework, which finds important variables for maintenance prediction. These methods provide useful instruments for effective management of water resources overall.
Comparative Study of Metal Extraction in Different Acid Concentration of Brass Effluent
Authors: B. V. Trivedi  , P. S. Oza  , M. R. Katesia  , J. H. Pandya
Published: June 2024

Metal values including Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb) and Zinc (Zn) have been effectively recovered from brass melting slag through hydrometallurgical treatments employing acid leaching methods utilizing hydrochloric acid (HCl), nitric acid (HNO3), and sulfuric acid (H2SO4). The optimization of recovery efficiency was investigated by varying the concentrations of these acid solutions. Acidic leachants proved highly effective, particularly under elevated temperatures, with percent extraction increasing in the order of nitric, hydrochloric, and sulfuric acid. The proposed method achieved a remarkable recovery efficiency exceeding 96%. Furthermore, the recovered Copper and Zinc products meet standard specifications.
Plantas medicinais em comunidades quilombolas: revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Santana Fabiana Ribeiro , Silva Danni Maisa da , Morais Siqueira Claudio , Biondo Elaine
Published: June 2024

The traditional knowledge in the use of medicinal plants of quilombola communities is wide and diverse and is studied by ethnobotany and/or ethnopharmacology. This paper aims to synthesize the ethnobotanical knowledge of medicinal plants from quilombola communities. This is an integrative review conducted in the Scopus, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online/US National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE/PubMed), Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS) and Institute for Scientific Information Web of Science. A total of 165 studies were identified, of which 16 met the inclusion criteria. A large number and diversity of plant species and therapeutic indications were evidenced. We concluded that traditional quilombola knowledge in the use of medicinal plants is supported by biomedical and non-biomedical rationalities, such as traditional African and indigenous medicine.
Estruturação de uma horta medicinal na Farmácia Universitária da Universidade de São Paulo a partir de necessidades em saúde da comunidade
Authors: Seraphim Júlia Celestino , Nicoletti Maria Aparecida , Aguiar Patrícia Melo
Published: June 2024

Medicinal herbs are widely used to treat diseases since the beginning of time by several populations and cultures and are today an important patient care tool. The project “Farmácia Viva” is a notorious initiative to expand and qualify the use of medicinal herbs in Brazil. The project shares with the University Pharmacy of the Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of the University of São Paulo (FARMUSP) some of their main objectives, since both carry out multidisciplinary activities that aim to improve the well-being and the quality of life of the local community. Thus, this project aimed to create a medicinal plant garden based on the “Farmácia Viva Type 1” at FARMUSP. The garden was structured based on a survey to understand the health needs of the local community and on a literature review to identify the most suitable species. 28 species were chosen and planted in the garden by the Medicinal Plants Academic League of the University of São Paulo (LAPLAM-USP). The project increased the range of tools for health education through FARMUSP and LAPLAM-USP, since it has already raised activities with students and can raise various social works with the community in the future.
Üçüncü El Sigara Dumanı ile İlgili İnanışlar Ölçeğinin Türkçe Uyarlaması, Geçerlilik Ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: Yılmaz Tuğba , Albayrak Zühal , Acar Tijen
Published: June 2024

Amaç: Üçüncü el sigara dumanı, önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Bu çalışmanın amacı Haardörfer ve arkadaşlarının geliştirdiği “Beliefs About ThirdHand Smoke’’ ölçeğini Türkçe’ye uyarlamak, geçerlilik ve güvenirliğini incelemektir. Yöntem: Metodolojik çalışma, 01.05-29.6.2021’de Ankara’da yürütüldü. Öncelikle “Beliefs About Third Hand Smoke’’ ölçeğinin Türkçe versiyonu “Üçüncü El Sigara Dumanı ile İlgili İnanışlar Ölçeği’’ elde edildi, geçerlilik ve güvenirlik analizleri uygulandı: Kapsam geçerliğinde uzman görüşüne başvuruldu; yapısal geçerlikte doğrulayıcı faktör analizi; iç tutarlılık ve sınıf içi korelasyon uygulandı. Keçiören Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi polikliniklerine başvuran, Türkçe bilen, iletişim kurabilen, sigara kullanan veya sigara kullanan en az bir kişiyle yaşayan, gönüllü 256 erişkine “sosyodemografik özellikler formu” ve “Beliefs About ThirdHand Smoke’’ ölçeğinin Türkçe versiyonu ‘‘Üçüncü El Sigara Dumanı ile İlgili İnanışlar Ölçeği’’ yüz yüze uygulandı. Veri analizinde IBM SPSS 24,0 ve AMOS 21 kullanıldı. Bulgular: “Beliefs About ThirdHand Smoke’’ ölçeğinin Türkçe uyarlaması “Üçüncü El Sigara Dumanı ile İlgili İnanışlar Ölçeği’’, 9 madde, 2 faktörlüdür. “Üçüncü El Sigara Dumanı ile İlgili İnanışlar Ölçeği’’nin tüm maddelerinin kapsam geçerlik indeksi ≥0,80; uzmanlar arasında uyum bulunmaktadır. Cronbach alfa değerleri genel/faktörler sırasıyla 0,910/0,849,0,835; ölçek yüksek, faktörler kabul edilebilir düzeyde güvenilirdir. Madde toplam korelasyonu 0,580-0,794; her madde kabul edilebilir derecede ayırt edicidir, ölçekte kalmalıdır. Sınıf içi korelasyonda, maddeler arası korelasyon matrisi r değerleri 0,376 -0,771’dir; maddeler orta düzeyde ilişkili, iç tutarlıdır. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizinde, uyum indeksleri CMIN/df=3,1, RMSEA=0,091, RMR=0,054, GFI=0,946, AGFI=0,889, NFI=0,953 ve CFI=0,967’dir; ölçeğin veriye iyi uyumu ve iki faktörlü yapısı doğrulanmıştır. Sonuç: Haardörfer ve arkadaşlarının 2017’de geliştirdiği “Beliefs About ThirdHand Smoke’’ ölçeğinin Türkçe uyarlaması “Üçüncü El Sigara Dumanı ile İlgili İnanışlar Ölçeği’’, güvenilir ve geçerli bir ölçüm aracıdır. “Üçüncü El Sigara Dumanı ile İlgili İnanışlar Ölçeği’’, çalışma ve eğitimlerde uygulanabilir, üçüncü el sigara dumanı farkındalığını artırabilir, tütünle mücadeleye yön verebilir.
Kumar Oynama Bozukluğu
Authors: Şişman Ünlü Ceyda , Noyan Cemal Onur
Published: June 2024

Kumar Oynama Bozukluğu, tekrarlayıcı ve süreğen bir şekilde devam eden kumar oynama davranışıyla karakterize edilen bir klinik tablodur. Kumar Oynama Bozukluğu, nörobiyolojik ve klinik olarak alkol ve madde kullanım bozuklukları ile ortak özellikler taşıması sebebi ile DSM-5’te madde ile ilişkili olmayan ilk ve tek davranışsal bağımlılık olarak yer almaktadır. Kumar Oynama Bozukluğu’nu nörobiyolojik ve nörobilişsel olarak incelediğimizde dopamin, serotonin, norepinefrin ve glutamat gibi nörotransmitterlerin hastalık gelişiminde etkili olduğu düşünülmektedir. Nörobilişsel perspektiften bakıldığında ise Kumar Oynama Bozukluğu temelinde pozitif pekiştireçlerle gelişen davranışsal koşullanma, değer atfetme, dürtüsellik ve karar verme süreçlerindeki bozuklukların yer aldığı gözlenmektedir. Birey, olumsuz yaşam olaylarıyla baş etme mekanizması olarak kumar oynama davranışını benimserse, bu davranış zamanla artarak devam eder. Zaman içinde artan kumar oynama davranışı, bireyin kendini kontrol etme kapasitesini zayıflatır ve ortaya çıkan olumsuz sonuçlara rağmen kumar oynama davranışının devam etmesine yol açar. Bu kısır döngü, bireyin iş, aile, akademik ve sosyal alanlarda sorunlar yaşamasına neden olarak hastalığın daha da şiddetlenmesine katkı sağlar. Kumar Oynama Bozukluğu, başlangıçta zararsız görünen bir davranış olmasına rağmen, altta yatan yatkınlık ve koruyucu faktörlerin dengesine bağlı olarak bağımlılığa dönüşebilir.
БІОН ТА ФАНТАЗІЯ
Authors: Хіншелвуд Роберт Д.
Published: June 2024

Анотація. Ця стаття була представлена як доповідь на Міжнародному семінарі Харківського психоаналітичного товариства та філософського факультету Харківського національного університету ім. В.Н. Каразіна «Несвідома фантазія» 20.09.2021 та пізніше у зміненому вигляді була опублікована як розділ книги «В.Р. Біон як клініцист: посередництво між концепцією і практикою» (Видавництво Routledge). У ній автор показує, як кляйніанська ідея несвідомої фантазії виникла і розвивалась у клінічній роботі, а також як початкова концепція Мелані Кляйн та внесок Джона Рікмана вплинули на клінічне мислення і техніку Вілфреда Біона щодо несвідомої фантазії. Несвідомі фантазії присвячені стосункам з об’єктами і можуть бути об’єктами, що відчуваються всередині нас, ідеями в умі, відчуттями в тілі, в тому числі через персоніфікацію. Психіка і є ці несвідомі фантазії з уявними об’єктами, забарвлені специфічними емоціями, властивими тим взаєминам. Такі несвідомі фантазії, по суті, є тими значеннями, які ми надаємо сприйняттям і відчуттям, а потім спогадам, ідеям і всій решті в нашому розумі, з чим можна грати. Тому в клінічній роботі важливим є наратив у цю саму мить, що займає психіку пацієнта, його несвідоме. Захопливий аспект психоаналізу – розгляд того, як одна психіка, складена з несвідомих фантазій, взаємодіє з іншою психікою, так само складеною зі своїх фантазій. Біон з його досвідом ведення груп особливо цікавився і був чутливим до того, як ці дві сфери фантазії взаємодіють одна з одною. Як ці два індивіди впливають на внутрішні світи один одного і досягають короткотривалої зміни ролі чи довготривалої зміни особистості. Мета психоаналізу, за висновком автора, – дати людині можливість краще розрізняти ці репрезентації в психіці та реальність того, про що, можливо, насправді розповідають їй сприйняття. Є також інші наративи десь поза цим, які нас спонукають знайти наш принцип реальності.
«ВНУТРІШНЯ ПУСТЕЛЯ»: ДО ПИТАННЯ ПСИХІЧНОЇ ТРАСФОРМАЦІЇ У «КЛІНІЦІ ПОРОЖНЕЧІ»
Authors: Кривуля Надія
Published: June 2024

Анотація. Нині багато пацієнтів скаржаться на відчуття внутрішньої порожнечі, відсутності інтересу до себе та до світу, емоційну «замороженість», неможливість думати та діяти. Ці люди не виносять стабільності, передбачуваності та тимчасової бездіяльності, які вони переживають як нудьгу або в ці періоди відчувають сильну тривогу. Життя і тих, і інших створює враження застійного часу, в якому нічого не відбувається або все нескінченно повторюється. Як правило, початок аналізу одразу ж відзначається труднощами асоціювання, вільного говоріння про себе, нестерпністю мовчання та відчуттям безпорадності у психоаналітика. Попри широкий спектр психічних організацій, те, що їх об’єднує, – це відчуття внутрішньої порожнечі. Ці стани французька психоаналітична школа, слідом за А. Ґріном, відносить до «клініки порожнечі» не-невротичного функціонування. Страждання пацієнтів «клініки порожнечі» можуть бути розглянуті як спроби уникнути відчуття внутрішньої порожнечі та омертвілості, що жахає і не витримується ними. Це є протистояння загрозі дефрагментації Я, почуттю безперервності існування, безпорадності та відчаю через евакуацію в дії. Але також процес «спустошення мислення» або фобія психічного функціонування може бути задіяний постійно або ізольовано у випадках страху стикнутися з негативованим змістом, який заподіює суб’єкту нестерпні переживання, психічний біль і страждання. Тому внутрішні зв’язки репрезентацій атакуються і розриваються, асоціації припиняються, мислення зупиняється. Відбувається нарцисичне згортання у внутрішній анестезований, «білий» Всесвіт: без об’єктів, афектів і думок. «Нічого не має змінитися», «майбутнього нема», бо зміни – це «безіменний (непредставлений) жах». Таке масивне дезінвестування стоїть біля витоків психічного травматизму. У статті авторка задається питанням про зв’язки між поняттями порожнечі і негативу. Після теоретичного огляду робиться спроба диференціювати психоаналітичні поняття «нестача», що притаманне невротичному функціонуванню психіки, і «спустошення», яке описує страждання не-невротичних пацієнтів. Це порожнеча, яка виникає внаслідок економічних процесів травматизму. На клінічному прикладі авторка демонструє можливу динаміку психоаналітичної роботи, ґрунтуючись на своїх висновках.
ПОЗАСВІДОМІ ФАНТАЗІЇ ПРО ЖЕРТОВНУ РЕПАРАЦІЮ ОБ’ЄКТА. ДИЛЕМА РЕПАРАЦІЇ ОБ’ЄКТА ТА САМОСТІ
Authors: Федорець Олександр
Published: June 2024

Анотація. У статті автор ділиться своїми спостереженнями специфічного феномену, що досить масово проявляє себе у ситуації тотальної травми, якою є війна. Досвід роботи у системі кризової допомоги постраждалим внаслідок травматизації дозволив спостерігати специфічний феномен виснаження власних ресурсів та позначає його як жертовну репарацію. Автор пропонує розглядати жертовну репарацію як універсальну позасвідому фантазію про жертовне відновлення об’єкта, який актуалізується та стає домінуючим внаслідок проживання певного травматичного досвіду. Авторська гіпотеза полягає в тому, що такі захисні патерни актуалізуються в позасвідомому внаслідок пережитих у минулому дитячих травм певного змісту. У дослідженні я розглядатиму власні спостереження, спираючись на теоретичні концепції Мелані Кляйн про репарацію та Вілфреда Біона про контейнування (1962), які були творчо переосмислені та доповнені Рональдом Бріттоном (1985, 1989, 1995) в аспекті збою материнського контейнування. Автор вважає, що такий захисний патерн зумовлений досвідом тривалої фрустрації піклування з боку матері та розладами материнського контейнування через депресію матері або через інші причини, що ускладнюють материнство. У результаті проживання досвіду, коли дитина сприймає матір як «пошкоджений об’єкт», вона починає піклуватись про її стан, жертовно обмежуючи власні потреби, що призводить до характерного жертовного стилю в майбутніх стосунках. Тривала турбота про пошкоджений об’єкт призводить до виснаження Самості, що проявляється певним характерним симптомокомплексом. Додатково автор пропонує свої міркування стосовно дилем репарації, зумовлених необхідністю досягти відновлення власної цінності, що виникла в результаті дефіциту турботи та контейнування з боку об’єкта, так і тривалим досвідом фрустрації через неможливість досягти репарації об’єкта.
The Diversity, Abundance and Distribution of Macroinvertebrates community in the intertidal zone of the Shatt-Al-Arab, South-Iraq.
Authors: Al-Khafaji Khaled
Published: June 2024

The study choosen to evaluate ecological conditions of four stations Al-Dair (1) , Al- Sindibad (2) , Al-Salhiya(3) and Abu Alkasib(4). Monthly samples were taken during the period from December 2011 to December 2012.Some physico- chemical factors were measured for water and sediment, diversity indices of macroinvertebratescommunity , description of their ecology were examined . Water temperature ranged between (11.1- 32.4) ºC. Allstations may categonized as brackish and raged between (1-6.2)psu . Variations in pH values were narrow and within the alkaline direction. Oxygen values ranged between (5.07-11.2)mg/L. Detectable monthly changes were found in No3. The former never droped below(6.27)mg at .N No3/L the maximum value was (56.61) mg at .N No3/L. Phosphate values ranged between(1.28-0.03)mg. at. P/L. Localized variations were noticed in percentagecomposition of sediment content of mud, silt and sand. Further, various stations exhibit differences in sedimentcontent of total organio matter . Content of organic matter in sediment of station (2) higher than other station. Thirty nine species of macroinvertebrate belong to (18) families were identified . Gastropoda were the dominant class in all stations , Melanoides tuberculata were dominant species , formed 57, 47, 55 and 53% for the total number of species in the station 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively . Several indices were used to compare among macroinvertebrate species in the studied stations by richness, diversity , evenness and similarity. The highest values of richness, diversity and eveness were recorded in station (2).
Bioaccumulation of Some Trace elements in muscles of two species of fishes inEuphrates River near the center of Suq Al-Shouyukh city- south Iraq
Authors: T. Farhood Afaq
Published: June 2024

The present study involved the estimation of the concentration of four trace elements (cadmium ,copper, lead and zinic) in muscles of two species of fishes Barbus luteus and Liza aba collected from the Euphrates river nearSuq-Al-Shouyokh city center south of Iraq, during the period winter and summer 2014 , as an indicator forBioaccumulation of some trace element into tropic level in the aquatic system :water – sediment – fishes , to statement bioaccumulation and biosedimentation of this elements. Also sediment texture and total organic carbon (TOC%) were measured. Analysis employing a flam Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometers .The trace elements were studjed in dissolved and particulate phase of water , in sediment and muscle of this fish ,and recorded bioaccumulation factor (BAF) and biosedimentation factor (BSF) to element above :( 2100-1750 ); (1454 1090);(2172-1830);(1738-1571) respectively concentration as much once in the water, and (0.5-0.42);(0.480.35);(0.58-0.84);(0.21-0.19) respectively concentration as much once in the sediment . The statistical analysis didn't show a significant correlation between most element in sediment and total organic carbon as well as sediment texture .
In conclusion the present study , trace elements concentration in particulate phase was higher than their concentrations in the dissolved phase , sediment and muscles of fish , The order of trace element as follows:particulate phase < sediment < fishes muscles (Barbus luteus and Liza aba )<dissolve phase and also the trace elements in the follow order : Zn < Pb < Cu < Cd .
Hubert Jedin e la fondazione dell'Istituto Storico Italo-Germanico
Authors: Tenaglia Camilla
Published: June 2024

Hubert Jedin fu il primo presidente dell'Istituto Storico Italo-Germanico in Trento (ISIG). Costituito nel 1973 per volontà di Paolo Prodi, da pochi mesi rettore dell'Università di Trento, e grazie al supporto del Presidente della Provincia di Trento, nonché presidente dell'Istituto Trentino di Cultura, Bruno Kessler, il nuovo istituto si proponeva come centro per la promozione degli studi storici sui legami tra il mondo germanico e quello italiano. Prodi, primo direttore dell'ISIG, decise di af- fidarsi fin dai primi passi del nuovo istituto all'aiuto del suo maestro Hubert Jedin, che poi volle anche alla guida del Comitato scientifico. La sua presidenza non fu solamente onoraria, ma nei primi anni di vita dell'ISIG egli fu presente e operoso sia nella determinazione delle attività dell'istituto, sia nel supporto di ricerca e politico del direttore.
Grandi speranze: sulle passioni d'attesa dell'ipermodernismo
Authors: Curti Annalisa
Published: June 2024

L'autrice si propone di approfondire il lato oscuro della Speranza, quello che non illumina, ma che può bloccare o impedire di vedere la realtà sia essa esterna che interna. L'autrice ipotizza che, così come Eros e Thanatos sono intricati insieme, così le passioni di attesa – Spes e Metus, Speranza e Timore ? siano impastate e avvinte come edera l'una all'altra. Un disequilibrio dell'impasto può produrre un'alterazione di una delle due passioni di attesa. L'oggetto di studio, in particolar modo, è il destino della Speranza quando il Timore viene negato: l'autrice ritiene che l'ipertrofia della Speranza sia un tratto che contraddistingue la società ipermoderna e che rende difficoltoso il cammino verso una direzione. Attraverso la presentazione di due brevi casi clinici, che l'autrice ritiene esemplificativi della deregolazione della Spes, si esplorerà la grande speranza che deriva da una grande aspettativa, quella grande speranza che si può incagliare nell'indifferenziazione, nella sospensione o nella ripetizione.
Il fumetto tra interprofessionalità e lavoro emozionale dei professionisti sanitari
Authors: Moretti Veronica , Plava Annalisa
Published: June 2024

Within the framework of advancing the competencies of healthcare professionals via educa-tional initiatives that incorporate innovative methodologies, this paper presents an exploration of utilizing comic strips in a professional master's program as a conduit for introspection on interprofessional dynamics and the enhancement of certain communicative competencies. This study engaged fourteen nurses, whose ages ranged from 35 to 55 years and who were em-ployed in hospital environments in Northern Italy, through their participation in the creation of comic strips and a concluding interview. The research was conducted over the period from November 2022 to May 2023. The examination of the findings, which included graphic repre-sentations and interview data, uncovered a daily professional existence marked by discord and paradoxes, yet unified under a shared professional designation.
Terzo settore, salute e orientamento al disagio: una nuova forma tipologica?
Authors: Pesenti Luca
Published: June 2024

The article addresses the topic of the contribution provided by third sector entities in the provision of healthcare services. This is a theme present in scientific literature, yet little attention has been paid to the role these entities play in meeting the healthcare needs of individuals in mar-ginalized, impoverished, and generally socioeconomically and relationally disadvantaged con-ditions. After analyzing the role of the third sector in different healthcare systems, the article focuses on the Italian case, first estimating the contribution of these entities within the National Health Service, and then concentrating on civil society actors specialized in the provision of socio-healthcare and healthcare services with a specific focus on hardship.