bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pergerakan Islam di Malaysia: Konteks dan Pengaruh Sejarah
Authors: Nabil Amir Ahmad , Tasnim Abdul Rahman Tasnim Abdul Rahman
Published: January 2024

Kajian ini menyorot sejarah awal perkembangan gerakan Islam di Malaysia sejak zaman kolonial. Hal ini dilihat dari dua sudut yang penting; gerakan islah yang membawa kesedaran kebangsaan dan aspirasi pembaharuan dan tajdid serta pengaruh gerakan anti-penjajah dan kepeloporan politik Islam di rantau arkipelago. Ia menghuraikan kesan dan pengaruh gerakan Islam di Malaysia dalam memangkin pembaharuan dan nahdah dalam konteks sosio budaya dan sosio politiknya yang luas. Pemikiran yang dicetuskan oleh para pelopor Islam di Malaysia seperti Syed al-Hadi, Burhanuddin al-Helmi, Abu Bakar al-Baqir, Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas telah memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan dalam mengilhamkan kesedaran serta kebangkitan wa’y al-islam yang mendalam. Gerakan Islam yang diterajui oleh tokoh-tokoh ini memperlihatkan falsafah Islam yang ideal dan membuka ruang ijtihad yang signifikan. Pengaruh pemikiran yang dilontarkan telah memungkinkan progresifitas perubahan dalam penggemblengan masyarakat madani yang inklusif dan gerakan akidah yang mempan. Kajian ini berbentuk kualitatif dari jenis penelitian kepustakaan dan analisis kandungan. Data dikumpulkan berdasarkan metode dokumentasi dengan kaedah analisis bercorak interpretatif, analitis, deskriptif, historis dan komparatif. Kajian ini merumuskan jika perjuangan dakwah yang diketengahkan telah mencetuskan perubahan yang signifikan dalam memperkukuh harkat dan khittah perjuangan, menggilap ruh dan semangat kemerdekaan, menggerakkan wacana islah dan islamisasi ilmu. Ia telah menzahirkan kefahaman Islam yang tuntas sekaligus meyakinkan dalam menggarap dasar politik dan sosio-budaya yang jelas, serta menzahirkan ketinggian idealisme kesan yang berpengaruh dalam tradisi ‘aqliyyah dan peradaban serta penggemblingan kader di semua peringkat.
Involuntary Childless dalam Al-Qur'an
Authors: Fithrotin Fithrotin , Irhamil Muthoharoh Irhamil Muthoharoh
Published: January 2024

Involuntary childless merupakan permasalahan klasik dan banyak dibahas lagi beriringan dengan fenomena childfree. Childfree merupakan sebuah keputusan untuk tidak mempunyai anak akan tetapi involuntary childless adalah kondisi pasangan yang tidak memiliki anak dengan tidak disengaja yang kemudian akan memunculkan beberapa konflik lagi seperti perceraian, poligami, tekanan batin dll. Permasalahan involuntary childless diceritakan dalam Al-Qur’an melalui kisah Nabi Zakariya As. pada QS. Maryam [19]: 5, QS. Ali Imran [3]: 38-40, kemudian kemandulan yang diungkap pada surah al-Shura. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode tematik dan pendekatan Ma’na cum Maghza untuk memudahkan melihat solusi bagi pasangan yang mengalami kondisi involuntary childless dalam Al-Qur’an. Hasil penelitian ditemukan dengan tetap berdo’a dan bersabar seperti Nabi Zakariya As. sehingga beliau berhasil mempunyai keturunan, tawakkal kepada Allah Swt. karena Allah Swt. menjadikan bagi siapa saja yang dikehendaki mempunyai anak dan mandul, perceraian juga bukan merupakan solusi karena kemandulan bukanlah suatu penyakit, mempunyai sifat penerimaan diri hal ini bisa didapatkan melalui orang lain seperti diberi dukungan dan perkataan yang positif dan juga bisa didapatkan melalui dirinya sendiri seperti mendedikasikan dirinya untuk anak-anak. Orang yang mengalami involuntary childless juga diperbolehkan mengadopsi anak dengan syarat tidak menghilangkan nasab asli anak tersebut.
Diseño de un plan de mejora aplicando la metodología 5’s en el asadero de pollo “El Pechugón”
Authors: Bolaños Jijón Alexis Fernando , Mite Bastidas Mariam Milena
Published: January 2024

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo el diseño de un plan de mejora basado en la metodología 5’S en el asadero de pollo “El pechugón” con el propósito de aumentar la eficiencia en el desempeño del negocio. Para conocer la situación actual del negocio se hizo uso de check list basado en cada una de las fases de la metodología 5’S, en la cual se determinaron déficits como: procesos no estandarizados, carencia de disciplina, inexistencia de protocolo de limpieza, colaboradores escasamente comprometidos, produciendo productos de baja calidad y perjudicando la satisfacción del cliente. Ante estos déficits, se desarrollaron planes de acción y un manual de procesos con la finalidad de proporcionar al negocio espacios de trabajo eficaces, disminuir los tiempos improductivos, aumentar el compromiso y disciplina en los colaboradores para así mejorar el ambiente laboral junto a la calidad del producto e incrementar la satisfacción del cliente.
THE CONSTRUCTION OF VALID AND RELIABLE TEST FOR THE DIVISIBILITY AREA
Authors:   University of Sarajevo (Bosnia and Hercegovina), Zubović Daniela , Hamzić Kamber ,   University of Sarajevo (Bosnia and Hercegovina)
Published: January 2024

Understanding divisibility at the primary school level is a strong predictor of students’ mathematical achievements in secondary education. To correctly measure students’ understanding and achievements, a valid and reliable test is needed. This research focuses on the construction of valid and reliable test for the divisibility area studied at the primary school level. After constructing three pilot tests according to learning outcomes and standards for divisibility, and qualitative validation, tests were distributed in six primary schools, with 380 participating students (ages 12 – 13). The results were used for reliability and quantitative item analysis, and the final version of the test, which covered standards of students’ achievement and had all items of appropriate difficulty and discriminative validity, was created. This test can be used by mathematics teachers in classrooms but also in large scale testing, like state or international testing.
TWENTY-SEVENTH JUNIOR BALKAN MATHEMATICAL OLYMPIAD
Authors:   Institute of Mathematics and Informatics at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (Bulgaria), Kortezov Ivaylo , Marinov Miroslav ,   Institute of Mathematics and Informatics at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (Bulgaria)
Published: January 2024

Тhe paper includes problems from the team selection tests for the national team for JBMO 2023, as well as model solutions and short comments on the performance of the contestants. The materials included can be useful for the groups for preparation for junior high school math contests.
Jalan Herodes atau Majus? Implikasi Kisah Kelahiran Kristus di Matius Matius 2:1-12 Bagi Penuntasan Amanat Agung
Authors: Setianto Yusak , Abrillian Melvin , Wariki Valentino
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The church today often experiences difficulties completing the Great Commission because most only move from one congregation to another. This research aims to explore the responses of the magi and Herod to the news of Christ's birth in Matthew 2:1-12 which is associated with the completion of the Great Commission. The research method used is descriptive qualitative based on a literature study. The study results show that the story offers two paths: the "way of the magi," which supports the Great Commission, and the "Herod's way," which rejects the Great Commission. So, the conclusion is that the church or congregation needs to avoid Herod's way and follow the magi's path. The reason is that someone who chooses this path will be ready to sacrifice to spread the Good News, just like the magi who sacrificed their wealth, energy, and time to seek and worship Him and preach the news about the King of the Jews. They are figures to emulate, not Herod, who is always selfish and even blocks the excellent news from the world.Abstrak: Gereja masa kini seringkali mengalami kesulitan dalam menuntaskan Amanat Agung karena sebagian besar mereka hanya memindahkan jemaat yang satu ke jemaat yang lain. Itulah sebabnya, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelusuri respons orang majus dan Herodes terhadap berita kelahiran Kristus di Matius 2:1-12 yang dikaitkan dengan penuntasan Amanat Agung. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif berbasis studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kisah tersebut menawarkan dua jalan, yaitu “jalan majus” yang mendukung Amanat Agung dan “jalan Herodes” yang menolak Amanat Agung. Jadi, kesimpulannya adalah gereja atau jemaat perlu menghindari jalan Herodes dan mengikuti jalan majus. Alasannya karena seseorang yang memilih jalan ini akan siap berkorban demi penyebaran Kabar Baik, sama seperti para majus yang mengorbankan harta, tenaga, dan waktu demi mencari dan menyembah-Nya serta memberitakan kabar tentang Raja orang Yahudi. Merekalah tokoh yang patut diteladani, bukan Herodes yang selalu mementingkan dirinya sendiri dan bahkan menghalangi berita sukacita tersebut dari dunia.
Pernikahan Kristen: Persetujuan Orang Tua atau Keputusan Pribadi menurut Alkitab
Authors: Setiawan Agus , Hermanto Yanto Paulus
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Marriage is an important decision in life, especially in the Christian faith, and both parties must be fully involved in the decision-making process. However, parental consent is not always given, which can cause tension and conflict within the family due to differences in culture, religion, social status, or other factors. This research focuses on the issue of parental approval versus personal decisions in Christian marriage based on Biblical views. The purpose of this study is to identify factors that shape attitudes toward parental consent versus personal decisions in marriage and to explore how the Bible views this issue. The research methodology used is a library research method, which includes collecting and analyzing data from books, journals, and official websites related to Christian marriage, parental consent in marriage, and personal decisions to marry. Although the Bible does not explicitly require parental consent for marriage, it recognizes the importance of family, community, and civil authority as structures that support marriage. The novelty of this research lies in its exploration of the complex and multifaceted nature of Christian marriage, parental consent, and the personal decision to marry, as well as its contribution to the ongoing discussion of this important issue.Abstrak: Pernikahan adalah keputusan penting dalam hidup, khususnya dalam iman Kristen, dan kedua belah pihak harus terlibat penuh dalam proses pengambilan keputusan. Namun persetujuan orang tua tidak selalu diberikan sehingga dapat menimbulkan ketegangan dan konflik dalam keluarga karena perbedaan budaya, agama, status sosial, atau faktor lainnya. Penelitian ini berfokus pada persoalan persetujuan orang tua versus keputusan pribadi dalam pernikahan Kristen berdasarkan pandangan Alkitab. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang membentuk sikap terhadap persetujuan orang tua versus keputusan pribadi dalam pernikahan dan untuk mengeksplorasi bagaimana Alkitab memandang masalah ini. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kepustakaan, yang meliputi pengumpulan dan analisis data dari buku, jurnal, dan website resmi terkait pernikahan Kristen, persetujuan orang tua dalam pernikahan, dan keputusan pribadi untuk menikah. Meskipun Alkitab tidak secara eksplisit mewajibkan izin orang tua untuk menikah, Alkitab mengakui pentingnya keluarga, komunitas, dan otoritas sipil sebagai struktur yang mendukung pernikahan. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada eksplorasinya terhadap sifat pernikahan Kristen yang kompleks dan beragam, izin orang tua, dan keputusan pribadi untuk menikah, serta kontribusinya terhadap diskusi berkelanjutan mengenai isu penting ini.
Encefalomielitis miálgica/síndrome de fatiga crónica como complicación del síndrome post-agudo de COVID-19 en adultos. Revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Carrillo Uguña Miguel Esteban , Orellana Romero Paula Michelle
Published: January 2024

De acuerdo al último reporte de la Organización Mundial de la Salud y la Organización Panamericana de la Salud, actualmente la COVID 19 presenta una morbilidad del 29,6 %  constituyó el 43,6 % de las muertes en todo el mundo. Aunque las tasas de mortalidad disminuyeron considerablemente, múltiples casos de pacientes con secuelas post-COVID se han reportado alrededor del mundo, de hecho, más del 87 % de los pacientes continúan experimentando al menos un síntoma dos meses después del inicio de la infección. El objetivo de la presente revisión es describir la encefalomielitis miálgica/síndrome de fatiga crónica como una Complicación del síndrome post-agudo de COVID-19 en Adultos. Se han reportado casos de sobrevivientes de COVID-19 que refieren la presencia de secuelas, persistiendo varios meses después de haber recibido el alta. Los datos provenientes de los relatos de pacientes después del cuadro agudo de COVID-19 y los primeros estudios observacionales sugieren un síndrome similar a la encefalomielitis miálgica/síndrome de fatiga crónica, una enfermedad de evolución crónica que afecta a múltiples sistemas y se ha asociado con otras infecciones. Dentro de la población general, la prevalencia de la fatiga crónica oscila entre el 10 y 40 %, mientras que la asociación ME/CFS constituye del 0,17-0,89 % y es más común en el sexo femenino.
Every Rogue Scholar blog post now also available in JATS XML format
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: January 2024

On Monday the Rogue Scholar science blog archive added support for exporting the blog posts in various formats: markdown, ePub, and PDF. Today I am adding another export format: JATS XML, the standard format for scholarly articles. JATS is again automatically generated with the Pandoc universal document converter, with some initial tweaks of the Rogue Scholar metadata.
Fuzzy Logic Systems for Healthcare Applications
Authors: Suzuki Akira , Negishi Eiichi
Published: January 2024

Artificial Intelligence Technologies (AITs) have found application in several domains, including the area of medicine. Within this context, AITs have been leveraged for purposes such as illness diagnosis and treatment, patient monitoring, and risk evaluation. By using Artificial Intelligence Technologies (AITs), it becomes feasible to create systems that facilitate the development of intelligent models for predicting not only patients' response to therapy but also the risk of illness. Due to the intricate and uncertain nature of these domains, a multitude of scholars have developed AITs, including genetic algorithms, artificial immune systems, Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), and fuzzy logic. The integration of Fuzzy Logic Systems and ANN allows the construction of intelligent and flexible systems. ANN gain novel information by changing the connections among its distinct layers. Fuzzy logic inference frameworks provide a computational model that is grounded on fuzzy set rules, theory, and fuzzy reasoning. The amalgamation of many adaptive architectures gives rise to a "Neuro-Fuzzy" system. This research paper examines fuzzy network topologies, exploring their possible applications in the medical field. Researchers have recognized that this convergence has promise for the discovery of medical patterns.
Hybrid working: At what cost?
Authors: Potter Amanda , Ross Jessica
Published: January 2024

Key digested message

Covid changed how we work, with many organisations now adopting a hybrid approach. The impact this has on psychological safety is thus far unknown, with much of the research on psychological safety being conducted on MS Teams.

We were therefore interested to determine if there is a difference in levels of psychological safety depending on work location (office, hybrid or remote). For clarity, we define ‘office’ as working in the office full time, ‘hybrid’ as working in the office some days and at home some days and ‘remote’ as working at home full time. This article discusses our findings.
Merefleksikan Larangan Masuk Jemaah Tuhan Bagi Jemaat (Gereja) Masa Kini Dalam Tafsir Ulangan 23:1-8
Authors: Telaumbanua Delti Nurahmat Riang
Published: January 2024

AbstractEntering God's congregation is not an easy thing for Christians to fulfill, if not wholeheartedly to worship. In this case, it becomes an important element in Deuteronomy 23:1-8, a law regarding God's congregation that may not enter God's congregation and background related to the Church at this time. With the background of this writing are; There is a law that a person whose testicles are crushed or his genitals are cut off may not enter God's congregation, both for an Ammonite or a Moabite who cannot enter God's congregation and an illegitimate child cannot enter God's congregation. Without a good background or history, the reader can draw conclusions in his own opinion without any clarity. So that there is an opportunity for debate about congregations that enter God's congregation at this time. Therefore, the author wants to provide a Biblical interpretation of this verse. Interpretation will be carried out with an overview of the history or background of the occurrence of the law which summarizes a question "Why does this law exist?", "Does this law still apply to the Church Congregation today" and "what are the implications for our lives today". So that readers can understand it well.
Pengaruh Positif Media Sosial Terhadap Perkembangan Spiritualitas Generasi Zillenial
Authors: Zebua Eka Kurniawan , Angelina Claudia
Published: January 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan pemahaman kepada para pengguna media sosial, bahwa media sosial memberikan pengaruh positif dalam perkembangan spiritualitas generasi muda saat ini. Media sosial adalah media yang berbasis internet, dimana para pengguna mudah melakukan komunikasi dengan sesama pengguna. Media sosial dalam perkembangan spiritualitas generasi Z seringkali zaman sebelumnya tidak mengakui bahwa media sosial memberikan dampak positif dalam perkembangan spiritualitas Z. Salah satu dampak positif media sosial dalam perkembangan spiritualitas generasi Z adalah mudah untuk mendapatkan informasi dan bahkan mudah belajar hal baru yang berhubungan dengan tujuan hidup mereka. Dalam artikel ini, penulis menggunakan metode studi literatur, dimana tidak terpaku dalam satu sumber melainkan pada semua sumber yang dapat membantu penulis untuk menyelesaikan masalah yang sedang dibahas. Hasil penelitian ini, memberikan suatu gambaran kepada para pembaca, khususnya generasi Z untuk tidak terus berpandangan negatif dalam menggunakan media sosial, sebab media sosial juga memberikan dampak yang sangat mempengaruhi setiap para penggunanya. Oleh karena itu, hubungan media sosial dengan perkembangan spiritualitas adalah memberikan pedoman kepada generasi Z untuk mendapatkan motivasi diri dalam mewujudkan tujuan yang ingin dicapai, sehingga motivasi tersebut akan mendorong untuk terus berusaha dan akhirnya sampai pada titik akhir yang sudah direncanakan.
Pola Pendidikan Agama Kristen di Gereja
Authors: Siallagan Thomson , Sadarita Andi , Barus Jamli , Simanungkalit Metra Kartini
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe purpose of church education is a conscious effort made to develop the potential that exists in the congregation as a whole in order to have a strong foundation in the understanding and behaviour of faith. Christian religious education in the church is part of Christian Religious Education (CRE) as a whole, which contains the delivery of Christian Religious Education teachings to change and shape the attitude of a student or congregation. Education in the context of the church through teaching is expected to make people accept the gospel and make everyone follow everything that Jesus ordered, therefore the church must return to basic Christian education. The pattern of Christian religious education in the church includes the understanding of the curriculum of Christian religious education in the church, the basic foundation of Christian religious education in the church, the principles of Christian religious education in the church. The purpose of this research is to equip and enrich the Church in its understanding of Christian religious education holistically. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach using a literature review. This study produces a description that the ministry of church education is to mature God's people so that they can serve the people of God. Keywords: education patterns, Christianity, church AbstrakGereja perlu untuk mendidik anggota-anggotanya yang baru dan yang lama.Sehingga lahirlah pendidikan oleh dan untuk komunitas Kristen dalam hal ini gereja.Tujuan pendidikan gereja adalah suatu usaha sadar yang dilakukan untuk mengembangkan potensi yang ada pada jemaat secara menyeluruh agar memiliki dasar yang kuat dalam pemahaman dan prilaku iman. Pendidikan agama Kristen  Agama Kristen di gereja adalah bagian dari Pendidikan Agama Kristen (PAK) secara menyeluruh, yang  berisi penyampaian ajaran-ajaran Pendidikan Agama Kristen untuk mengubah dan membentuk sikap seorang anak didik atau jemaat. Pendidikan dalam konteks gereja melalui pengajaran diharapkan untuk menjadikan orang menerima Injil dan menjadikan semua orang mengikuti segala sesuatu yang dipesankan Yesus, karena itu gereja harus kembali kepada pendidikan Kristen yang mendasar. Pola pendidikan agama Kristen di gereja meliputi pengertian kurikulum pendidikan agama Kristen di gereja, landasan dasar pendidikan agama Kristen di gereja, prinsip-prinsip pendidikan agama Kristen  di gereja, tujuan penelitian ini adalah Tujuan  untuk memperlengkapi dan memperkaya Gereja dalam pemahamannya tentang pendidikan Agama Kristen secara holistik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan pendekatan kualitatif menggunakan kajian pustaka. Kajian ini menghasilkan uraian bahwa dalam pelayanan pendidikan gereja adalah mendewasakan umat Allah supaya mereka dapat melayani. Kata Kunci: pola pendidikan, agama kristen, gereja
Kritički osvrt na kazneno djelo prijetnje
Authors: Vuletić Igor , Šimleša Sanja
Published: January 2024

Kazneno djelo prijetnje susreće se razmjerno često u sudskoj praksi. Usprkos tome ono nije bilo predmetom sustavnih znanstvenih rasprava u novijoj hrvatskoj kaznenopravnoj literaturi. Autori predloženim radom nastoje popuniti tu prazninu. Najprije prikazuju kazneno djelo prijetnje u kaznenim pravima Njemačke i SAD-a sa svrhom dobivanja šireg uvida u tu problematiku te moguće modele njegova kaznenopravnog uređenja. Potom analiziraju obilježja svakog od oblika kaznenog djela prijetnje, kako su ti oblici uređeni čl. 139. KZ/11. Analizu temelje na teleološkom tumačenju odredbe te na dostupnoj novijoj sudskoj praksi. Na taj način oblikuju i predlažu standarde tumačenja obilježja ovog djela. Posebnu pozornost posvećuju problematici stjecaja i prividnog stjecaja prijetnje s određenim kaznenim djelima nasilja, a obrađuju i problematiku odnosa kaznene i prekršajne odgovornosti kod prijetnje.
The Effect of Availability of Foreign Exchange and Devaluation of Birr on the Performance of Companies in Ethiopia (Instance of Sample Company)
Authors: Kebede Kirsneh Alemu
Published: January 2024

When a country devalues its currency, some firms and countries generally benefit from any resulting changes in relative prices, while other firms and countries are relatively unaffected or suffer a loss in competitiveness. By taking a sample of import and export firms, this study assessed the effect availability of foreign currency and devaluation of birr on performance of firms in Ethiopia in general. More specifically it intended to assess the main challenges to access foreign currencies, assess the effects of foreign currency shortage on import/export firms, assess the effects of devaluation of Birr on import/export firms and assess company-specific factors. The study used both primary (collected through questionnaire) and secondary data collected from financial statements of the companies. This study applies both the descriptive and inferential analysis. After detail analysis, the increase in private driven business, Informal channels of inflow of foreign currency, increased population and Corruption will worsen appropriate use of forex and aggravate challenges of shortage of forex. And also it is found that the foreign currency shortage has affected the firms in many ways such as profit loss, lay off employees and discourages new investment. On the other hand devaluation of birr against the foreign currencies makes Ethiopian commodities to be competitive in international markets. And it can also attract new investments and export.
ILO Convention 190
Authors:   ILO Regional Office for the Arab States,
Published: January 2024

Violence and harassment in the world of work is a persistent and significant challenge faced by workers worldwide. The ILO Violence and Harassment Convention, 2019 (No. 190) and its accompanying Recommendation (No. 206) clearly spell out the right of everyone to a world of work free from violence and harassment, including gender-based violence and harassment. It covers all forms of violence and harassment, be it verbal, physical, social, sexual or psychological, that occurs anytime and anywhere in all places and circumstances related to work, regardless of the location, size, sector or type of enterprise. C190 was adopted in June 2019, by the International Labour Conference of the ILO, and came into force on 25 June 2021. Governments that ratify C190 will be required to put in place the necessary laws and policy measures to prevent and address violence and harassment in the world of work. The Convention represents a historic opportunity to shape a future of work based on dignity and respect for all. So far, 36 countries have ratified C190 two of them are Arab countries. The overall objective of this policy brief is to promote the ratification and effective implementation of ILO C190 in the Arab States to create a world of work free from violence and harassment, with a focus on protecting vulnerable groups and achieving gender equality.
ОЦЕНКА ТЕКУЩЕГО СОСТОЯНИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ ИНТЕРНЕТ ТОРГОВЛИ В АЗЕРБАЙДЖАНЕ
Authors: ТАГИЗАДЕ Севиндж
Published: January 2024

Развитие электронной коммерции относится к числу инноваций последних десятилетий в мире. Хотя этот вид торговли, осуществляемый через системы Интернет-коммуникаций, привлекателен с точки зрения времени и затрат, он имеет свои преимущества и недостатки. Исходя из опыта развитых стран, электронная коммерция в Азербайджане также переживает период эволюции, в связи с этим важно оценить ее оборот, выявить положительные тенденции и недостатки. По результатам анализа современного уровня развития электронной коммерции в стране в представленной статье отражены предложения и рекомендации по ее развитию.
SOSİAL ŞƏBƏKƏLƏRDƏ TƏTBİQLƏR
Authors: ı VƏLİZADƏ Səmirə
Published: January 2024

Bu məqalədə XXI əsrin ayrılmaz parçası olan internetin rolundan, sosial şəbəkənin tarixindən və tətbiqlərindən bəhs olunub. Sosial şəbəkələr insanları bağımlılıq halına gətirib çıxarmışdır. İnsanların bir-biri ilə ünsiyyətlərini genişləndirməsinə maariflənmə baxımından sosial medianın böyük rolu olmuşdur. Sosial şəbəkənin müsbət cəhətləri ilə yanaşı, mənfi cəhətləri də məqalədə öz əksini tapmışdır. Mənfi cəhətlərində bir çoxunu sadalamaq olar. Bunlardan biri də insanlar real həyatdan uzaqlaşmağa və günün bir çox hissəsini orada keçirməyəbaşlamışdılar Sosial şəbəkənin üstün cəhətlərində biri də istifadəçilərin saytlarda reklam vasitəsilə qazanc əldə etmələri idi. İnsanlar interneti kiçik biznes kimi görürdülər. İlk sosial şəbəkə saytı olan Geocities yaradıldı. Geocities insanlara vebsaytlar qurmaq və elanlar və fotoşəkillərlə dünyaya özləri haqqında məlumat vermək üçün bir şərait yaratmışdı. 1995-ci ildə, Randy Conrad sosial şəbəkə saytını - Classmates.com yaratdı. Beləliklə sosial şəbəkə davamlı olaraq inkişafın davam etdirməkdədir. Məqalədə Facebook, WhatsApp, Telegram, İnstagram, LinkedIn tətbiqlərinin yaranma taixinindən məlumat verilib. Bu proqramların istifadəsi olduqca sadədir və pulsuz proqlarmlardır. WhatsApp və Telegram proqramı mesajlaşma proqramıdır. Facebook və İnstagram, meta şirkətinə aid onlayn sosial media platformasıdır. LinkedIn biznes yönümlü sosial şəbəkədir. Bu tətbiqlər haqqında məlumatlar məqalədə öz əksini tapmışdır.
Older language learners: 'always too late' vs 'never too late'. A mixed-methods approach
Authors: Perez Cavana Maria Luisa , Edwards Chris , Luelmo del Castillo Maria José
Published: January 2024

Research in second-language acquisition considers age as a major factor that has an impact on the ability of an individual to learn a foreign language. The debates are still dominated by the so called 'critical period' theory, developed in the sixties. According to this neurocognitive
theory, there is an ideal window of brain development to acquire a language at a very young age, after which learning a language becomes much more difficult, and apart from some 'exceptional' cases, it is almost impossible to attain native-like proficiency. Much of this research has focused
on those 'exceptional' learners, implying that for adult language learners it is 'always too late'. While acknowledging this pure neuro-linguistic approach, this paper aims to go beyond this reductionist approach and to contribute to this complex and under-researched field. It explores two
aspects of the relationship between age and learning a language within a university context: the impact of age on study trajectories of languages students using quantitative methods, and the lived experiences of language students drawing on a combination of qualitative research and phenomenology.
The findings of this study reveal some fundamental aspects of what it means to learn a language as an adult from the first-person perspective and show the importance of introducing an existential view of older language learners, suggesting that is 'never too late'.
Betekenisvolle interactie in breakoutrooms bevorderen om online integratie onder deeltijdstudenten te versterken
Authors: Louwerse Janneke , Sprokkereef Dimitri , Rozendaal Jeroen S.
Published: January 2024

Formele sociale integratie (FSI) draagt bij aan studiesucces van studenten. Het vraagstuk hoe FSI bevorderd kan worden in blended onderwijs blijft ook na de coronapandemie relevant, gezien de flexibiliseringsbehoefte in het onderwijs. In dit onderzoek ligt de focus op het bevorderen van betekenisvolle interactie tussen studenten van de flexibele deeltijdlerarenopleiding Talen van Hogeschool Rotterdam. We zien betekenisvolle interactie als een kortetermijnuitkomst, haalbaar binnen één of enkele lessen, die op langere termijn bijdraagt aan FSI. Onze context was de cursus ‘Talenonderwijs en Digitale Didactiek’ waarin studenten in leerteams samenwerkten en elkaar adviseerden voor de eigen lespraktijk in online breakoutrooms. Interventies omvatten een betekenisvolle opdracht, roulerende rollen en ‘scripts’ en waren gericht op het uitlokken van GIPS-basisprincipes van samenwerkend leren. Interventies werden in twee iteraties aangescherpt op basis van inzichten uit observaties van studentgedrag in breakoutrooms en een online vragenlijst.  Onze resultaten leidden tot reflectie ten aanzien van deze interventies. De relevantie van de opdracht werd door studenten onderschreven, maar studenten dienen zich beter te verdiepen in de hulpvraag van degene die zij adviseren. Rollen moeten complementair zijn, elkaar niet overlappen en helder worden omschreven om functioneel te zijn. Een gezamenlijke referentie voor evaluatie van de waarde van adviezen versterkt betekenisvolle interactie. Scripts ondersteunen hierbij, maar vragen extra denkkracht van studenten; ‘overscripting’ ligt op de loer. Het loont om met studenten een script in te oefenen, maar herhaling van éénzelfde samenwerkingsvorm kan leiden tot demotivatie. Een rondgang van de docent langs de breakoutrooms lijkt betekenisvolle interactie te vergroten.
Trabajo Comunal Universitario: Una propuesta disruptiva y transformadora hacia 2050
Authors: Díaz Rojas André , Chan Jiménez Yalile , Rodríguez Ugalde Eugenia
Published: January 2024

Este artículo sintetiza el proceso de transformación del Trabajo Comunal Universitario (TCU) realizado por el Gestor de TCU y autoridades universitarias de Investigación y Extensión de la Universidad Castro Carazo, Costa Rica. Se presenta con el propósito de evidenciar la experiencia de un proceso teórico-práctico en el contexto interno de transformación epistemológica, axiológica y metodológica de los programas de estudio de esta universidad. Atendiendo la convocatoria de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura (UNESCO) sobre el tema “Los futuros de la Educación Superior en América Latina y el Caribe”, se decidió, como punto de partida, asumir el compromiso de presentar la experiencia del TCU, desde el análisis crítico de los documentos publicados por la UNESCO. Esta experiencia surge de un proceso de análisis crítico del mismo en relación con el Modelo Educativo de la Universidad y los documentos mencionados por la UNESCO en la convocatoria de esta publicación, permitiendo así, evidenciar la propuesta de transformación que hace la Universidad Castro Carazo. La vivencia de este proceso en sí misma aporta en la construcción de ideas para visualizar la necesidad de transformación de los planes y programas hacia el encuentro de la coherencia institucional. Finaliza el artículo con el apartado de Discusión y Devenires (proceso inacabado y circular) a partir de variables de análisis crítico que definió el equipo de trabajo, a saber: modelo educativo, transformación de la persona, ruptura epistemológica.
Вакуумная установка для ионно-плазменного осаждения электролита твердооксидных топливных элементов.
Authors: Семенов Вячеслав Аркадьевич , Работкин Сергей Викторович , Пуговкин Михаил Михайлович , Ковшаров Николай Федорович , Шипилова Анна Викторовна , Соловьев Андрей Александрович
Published: January 2024

Традиционными, хорошо изученными и широко применяемыми на практике методами формирования электролита твердооксидного топливного элемента (ТОТЭ) являются различные порошковые технологии. Несмотря на простоту и дешевизну, они имеют ограниченное применение в разработках, направленных на повышение удельной мощности ТОТЭ за счет минимизации толщины электролита. Перспективным решением этой проблемы является метод магнетронного осаждения тонких пленок. К его достоинствам можно отнести возможность регулирования различных параметров процесса осаждения, получения покрытий одинаковой толщины на подложках большой площади с необходимыми эксплуатационными характеристиками и структурой. В связи с этим была разработана автоматизированная вакуумная установка «Электролит 1.0» для нанесения тонкопленочного ZrO2:Y2O3 (YSZ) электролита и барьерного слоя Ce0,8Gd0,2O2 (GDC) на аноды ТОТЭ планарной конструкции методом реактивного дуального магнетронного распыления. В состав установки входят вакуумная камера, система безмасляной вакуумной откачки, системы охлаждения, газораспределения, позиционирования подложек, нагрева и контроля температуры, контроля толщины наносимых слоев, дуальные магнетронные распылительные системы с Zr/Y и Ce/Gd мишенями, источник ионов с закрытым дрейфом электронов, источники электропитания питания и система управления. Технологический процесс нанесения двухслойного электролита YSZǀGDC полностью автоматизирован.
Оценка и расчет параметров систем генерации пучково-плазменных образований, синтезированных в сильноточном несамостоятельном тлеющем разряде с полым катодом
Authors: Денисов Владимир Викторович , Коваль Николай Николаевич
Published: January 2024

В работе представлены методы оценки и расчета параметров систем генерации пучково-плазменных образований (ППО) для технологического использования в процессах ионно-плазменной обработки поверхности конструкционных и инструментальных материалов. Основными количественными параметрами, обеспечивающими необходимые эксплуатационные параметры и характеристики создаваемых источников плазмы и электронно-ионно-плазменного оборудования в целом, являются концентрация газоразрядной плазмы, а также связанные с ней плотность ионного тока и плотность электронного тока. Системы генерации пучково-плазменных образований, используемые в технологических целях обработки поверхности материалов и изделий, удобно рассчитывать исходя из требуемого значения плотности тока ионов, ускоряемых к поверхности обрабатываемых изделий. В работе представлены схемы и конструкции экспериментальных образцов систем генерации пучково-плазменных образований (ППО) на основе сильноточного несамостоятельного тлеющего разряда с полым катодом низкого давления, рассчитанные и созданные на основе описанной методики расчета.
Распределение плотности поверхностной плазмы при скиновом взрыве медных цилиндрических проводников
Authors: Лабецкая Наталья Анатольевна , Дацко Игорь Михайлович , Чайковский Станислав Анатольевич , Ванькевич Владислав Алексеевич , Орешкин Владимир Иванович
Published: January 2024

Проведены исследования крупномасштабных неустойчивостей плазмы, возникающих при скиновом взрыве цилиндрических медных проводников в быстронарастающих сильных магнитных полях с индукцией до 400 Т. Эксперименты проводились на сильноточном генераторе МИГ при амплитуде тока до 2,5 МА и времени его нарастания 100 нс. Радиальное распределение вещества взорванного проводника и внутренняя структура неустойчивостей исследовались по рентгенограммам, полученным с помощью зондирования рентгеновским излучением, сформированным в «горячей точке» Х-пинча. Полученные экспериментальные данные могут быть использованы для верификации одно- и двумерных магнитогидродинамических моделей поведения вещества в экстремальных условиях.
Сравнительный анализ кратеров, образующихся на катодных и анодных пятнах искрового разряда в воздухе на железных электродах
Authors: Максимов Артем Дмитриевич , Азаркевич Евгений Иосифович , Бекетов Игорь Валентинович , Колеух Дианна Сергеевна
Published: January 2024

В статье описывается процедура быстрой обработки снимков электродных пятен колебательного и униполярного искрового разряда на плоскую поверхность железного электрода в атмосфере воздуха. Снимки сделаны с помощью интерференционного микроскопа – анализатора поверхности NewView 5010. Диаметры кратеров измерялись с помощью программы для измерения размера частиц нанопорошков. Производился сравнительный статистический анализ распределений диаметров с использованием тестов сравнения выборок, а также дисперсионного анализа, входящих в пакет Excel. В качестве факторов служили энергия разряда (номер пятна) и условия опыта (катод, анод, колебательный разряд). Показано, что характеристики распределения диаметров кратеров слабо или даже незначимо зависят от энергии конденсатора. В то же время они весьма значимо зависят от условий разряда. Показано также, что максимальные высоты рельефа и глубины кратеров в случае колебательного разряда в несколько раз превышают их значения для униполярного разряда.
Constitutiones Synodales Ecclesiae Strigoniensis
Authors:   Slovenská národná knižnica, Oddelenie spracovania historických knižničných dokumentov a historických knižničných fondov, Baloga Martin
Published: January 2024

In 1493, the Ostrihom Synod was held. It resulted in the document Constitutiones Synodales Ecclesiae Strigoniensis printed in 1494 in Vienna. However, this print was not available to historians for many centuries. In the middle of the 20th century, two specimens were identified. One defective copy of the print is located in Zagreb, and the other one, the only complete copy, is stored in SNK in Martin. The publisher is Theobald Feger and the printer is Johann Winterburger. The press contains several regulations concerning the area of church life. The printed text contains 37 canons of the synod and liturgical calendar. The presented unique item is a part of the envelope and its bookbinding originates from the 19th century. The owner was the Franciscan order in Bratislava, which owned one of the largest libraries in Hungary. Further research of incunabula connected to the territory of Hungary may reveal more similarly rare documents.
Effect of pH by Manganese Salts and Natural Organic Matter on Nanofiltration Membrane Fouling
Authors:   Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ubon Ratchathani University, Onsarn Apinya , Mattaraj Supatpong ,   Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ubon Ratchathani University, Dechapanya Wipada ,   Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ratanapongleka Karnika ,   Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ubon Ratchathani University, Sanongraj Sompop ,   Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ubon Ratchathani University, Rattanaweerapan Tiammanee ,   Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ubon Ratchathani University
Published: January 2024

This research aimed to determine the removal performance of manganese affected from solution pH of combined manganese salts with natural organic matter (NOM) using commercial nanofiltration (NF) membrane. The filtration experiments were tested under a dead-end filtration test cell. Variational factors used in this study were the types of manganese salts (i.e. manganese chloride (MnCl2), manganese sulfate (MnSO4), and manganese nitrate (Mn(NO3)2)) with the solution pH of 3, 5, and 7, and ionic strength of 0.01 mol/L. Water samples were prepared with NOM concentration of 10 mg/L, while the operating pressure was operated constant at 60 psig. Experimental results found that the MnSO4 salt provided the highest manganese removal efficiency of 95%, while the removal efficiencies of MnCl2 and Mn(NO3)2 were about 84.86% and 70.7%, respectively. Solution fluxes were not significantly different. In the presence of NOM concentration of 10 mg/L, solution pH of 3–7, it was found that low solution pHs for all conditions provided the highest manganese removal. The removals of NOM were relatively high more than 97%. The mathematical fouling model was done with cake filtration model (CFM) due to NOM accumulation on NF membrane surface.
Some relational structures with polynomial growth and their associated algebras II. Finite generation.
Authors: Pouzet Maurice , Thiéry Nicolas
Published: January 2024

The profile of a relational structure $R$ is the function $\varphi_R$ which counts for every nonnegative integer $n$ the number, possibly infinite, $\varphi_R(n)$ of substructures of $R$ induced on the $n$-element subsets, isomorphic substructures being identified. If $\varphi_R$ takes only finite values, this is the Hilbert function of a graded algebra associated with $R$, the age algebra $\mathbb{K}.\mathcal A$ introduced by P. J. Cameron. In a previous paper, we studied the relationship between the properties of a relational structure $R$ and those of its age algebra, particularly when $R$ admits a finite monomorphic decomposition. This setting still encompasses well-studied graded commutative algebras like invariant rings of finite permutation groups or the rings of quasisymmetric polynomials.
The main theorem of this paper characterizes combinatorially when the age algebra is finitely generated in this setting. For tournaments, this boils down to the profile being bounded. We further investigate how far the well known algebraic properties of invariant rings and quasisymmetric polynomials extend to age algebras; notably, we explore the Cohen-Macaulay property in the special case of invariants of permutation groupoids. Finally, we exhibit sufficient conditions on the relational structure that make naturally the age algebra into a Hopf algebra.
For a homogeneous structure with a profile bounded by a polynomial, Cameron conjectured in the early eighties that the profile is asymptotically polynomial; Macpherson further conjectured that the age algebra is finitely generated. This was proven recently by Falque and the second author. The combined results support the conjecture that---assuming finite kernel---profiles bounded by a polynomial are asymptotically polynomial, and give hope for a complete characterization of when the age algebra is finitely generated.
Hamilton cycles in bidirected complete graphs
Authors: Busch Arthur , Mutar Mohammed , Slilaty Daniel
Published: January 2024

Zaslavsky observed that the topics of directed cycles in directed graphs and alternating cycles in edge 2-colored graphs have a common generalization in the study of coherent cycles in bidirected graphs. There are classical theorems by Camion, Harary and Moser, Häggkvist and Manoussakis, and Saad which relate strong connectivity and Hamiltonicity in directed "complete" graphs and edge 2-colored "complete" graphs. We prove two analogues to these theorems for bidirected "complete" signed graphs.
Designs for graphs with six vertices and ten edges - II
Authors: Forbes Anthony , Griggs Terry
Published: January 2024

The design spectrum has been determined for ten of the 15 graphs with six vertices and ten edges. In this paper, we solve the design spectrum problem for the remaining five graphs with three possible exceptions.
simplicity index of tournaments
Authors: Boussaïri Abderrahim , Lakhlifi Soufiane , Talbaoui Imane
Published: January 2024

An $n$-tournament $T$ with vertex set $V$ is simple if there is no subset $M$ of $V$ such that $2\leq \left \vert M\right \vert \leq n-1$ and for every $x\in V\setminus M$, either $M\rightarrow x$ or $x\rightarrow M$. The simplicity index of an $n$-tournament $T$ is the minimum number $s(T)$ of arcs whose reversal yields a nonsimple tournament. Müller and Pelant (1974) proved that $s(T)\leq(n-1)/2$, and that equality holds if and only if $T$ is doubly regular. As doubly regular tournaments exist only if $n\equiv 3\pmod{4}$, $s(T)<(n-1)/2$ for $n\not\equiv3\pmod{4}$. In this paper, we study the class of $n$-tournaments with maximal simplicity index for $n\not\equiv3\pmod{4}$.
Heesch numbers of unmarked polyforms
Authors: Kaplan Craig
Published: January 2024

A shape's Heesch number is the number of layers of copies of the shape that can be placed around it without gaps or overlaps. Experimentation and exhaustive searching have turned up examples of shapes with finite Heesch numbers up to six, but nothing higher. The computational problem of classifying simple families of shapes by Heesch number can provide more experimental data to fuel our understanding of this topic. I present a technique for computing Heesch numbers of nontiling polyforms using a SAT solver, and the results of exhaustive computation of Heesch numbers up to 19-ominoes, 17-hexes, and 24-iamonds.