bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Сравнительная характеристика основных видов стоматологической керамики для изготовления виниров
Authors: Северинова С.К. , Овчаренко Е.Н. , Ирза О.Л. , Кушнир К.Г. , Бекаева У.Б. , Джаппарова Э.А. , Аджисалиева Э.Г.
Published: December 2024

Внедрение в клиническую практику современных стоматологических материалов расширило возможности восстановления формы и цвета зубов с использованием адгезивных микропротезов — виниров, позволяющих сочетать эстетику естественного зуба с функциональной надежностью. Существуют различные материалы для изготовления виниров. К ним относятся полевошпатная керамика, стеклокерамика на основе дисиликата лития, лейцитная стеклокерамика, гибридная керамика, а также керамика на основе диоксида циркония. Изучив данные литературы, мы проанализировали положительные и отрицательные свойства различных материалов, используемых для изготовления виниров. Такие материалы, как поликристаллическая керамика на основе диоксида циркония и стеклокерамика, усиленная кристаллами дисиликата лития, обладают оптимальными эстетическими и физико-механическими свойствами, что позволяет удовлетворить возросшие требования пациентов, а также увеличить срок службы виниров с минимальным количеством осложнений.

Patients’ dissatisfaction with the shape and color of their teeth led to the development of adhesive microprostheses — veneers, which allow achieving the aesthetics of a natural tooth with functional reliability. There are various materials and methods for making veneers. These include: feldspar ceramics, glass ceramics based on lithium disilicate, lecithic glass ceramics, hybrid ceramics, as well as zirconium dioxide veneers. Having studied the literature data, depending on the clinical case, we determined the positive and negative properties of various materials for the restoration of teeth with veneers. Most authors describe clinical cases, materials for the manufacture of veneers and treatment results. Depending on the individual clinical situation, the dentist independently decides on the choice of material for the manufacture of metal-free restorations. When comparing all materials, one of the most optimal options are zirconium dioxide and glass ceramics based on lithium disilicate, which have a number of advantages, namely high aesthetic properties and physico-mechanical properties that meet the requirements of patients. These materials have excellent bending strength: zirconium dioxide has 1554 MPa, lithium disilicate-based glass ceramics have about 400 MPa, which increases the service life of orthopedic structures and a minimum number of complications. Conlusions. Materials such as polycrystalline ceramics based on zirconium dioxide and glass ceramics reinforced with lithium disilicate crystals have optimal aesthetic and physico-mechanical properties, which allows meeting the increased requirements of patients, as well as increasing the service life of veneers with a minimum number of complications.
The effects of smoking on periodontal health among dental students at Basrah Dental College: Consumption patterns and risk factors
Authors: Radhi R.A. , Jebur H.J. , Jabbar S.A.
Published: December 2024

Cigarette smoking is a risk factor for several diseases, and recent evidence strongly suggests an adverse effect on periodontal health. Nevertheless, the nature of the relationship between smoking and periodontal disease is not clear. Smoking causes defects in neutrophil function, impairs inflammatory and immune responses to periodontal pathogens, and exerts both systemic and local effects. Aims. This study aimed to assess periodontal health of smoker and nonsmoker under graduated dental students and to determine the possible factor of smoking and its effect on periodontal health. . In this study, 118 dental student participants (males only) between 18—25 years from 450 male under graduated dental student fit to the criteria of our research, were divided in two groups,61 smoker student and 57 non-smoker students. Demographic data, smoking status, and clinical periodontal parameter including plaque index (PI), pocket depth (PD), tooth mobility and bleeding on probing (BOP) indices were determined for each participant. . Smokers had a slightly higher PI (0.803±0.483) than that of nonsmokers (0.609±0.397, p=0.018). BOP and pocket depth tend to be greater in smokers (BOP=0.14±0.10 and PD=0.97±1.90 mm) than nonsmoker (BOP=0.13±0.09 and PD=0.72±1.57 mm). The greater percentage of students had started smoking due to friends’ influence (72%). There is a positive correlation between PD and PI for smokers (p=0.046). Also there is a positive correlation between BOP and PD for non-smokers with statistically significant difference (p=0.01). Moreover, there is a positive correlation between BOP and PD and PI for smokers (p=0.026) and there is a positive correlation between PI and BOP and PD for non-smokers with high statistically significant difference (p=0.0001). . The students having friends who are smoker are the most important factors associated with smoking, furthermore the percentage of bleeding is low since the fact that smoking effect the bleed vessel and cause vasoconstriction, finally Longitudinal trials need to be performed in order to obtain more conclusive result regarding the effect of smoking in periodontal disease.
Эффективность биологического метода лечения пульпита во временных зубах у детей в условиях седации
Authors: Арженовская Е.Н. , Каменнова Т.Н. , Маслак Е.Е.
Published: December 2024

При оказании стоматологической помощи детям приоритет следует отдавать минимальной интервенции, применяя витальные методы лечения пульпита. Цель — изучить результаты биологического метода лечения пульпита, проводившегося во временных молярах у детей в условиях седации с сохраненным сознанием. В условиях закиси азота — кислородной седации у 60 детей в возрасте 3—6 лет проведено лечение хронического пульпита (K04.03) биологическим методом (непрямое покрытие пульпы препаратом на основе силиката кальция) в 120 временных молярах (62 первых и 58 вторых моляров). Клинико-рентгенологическую оценку состояния вылеченных зубов проводили в течение 2 лет. Эффективность лечения пульпита оценивали по критерию выживаемости зубов после лечения. В течение 24 месяцев после лечения 5% зубов были удалены вследствие периодонтита; в 2,5% случаев проведена витальная пульпотомия из-за обострения пульпита; в 15,8% случаев устранены дефекты пломб; выживаемость зубов составила 95%. Полученные данные показывают перспективность применения биологического метода лечения хронического пульпита во временных молярах у детей в условиях седации, а также актуализируют необходимость диспансеризации детей после лечения.

When providing dental care to children, priority should be given to minimal intervention using vital pulpitis therapy. The aim was to study the results of vital pulp therapy which was carried out in primary molars in children under sedation with preserved consciousness. . Vital pulp therapy (indirect pulp capping with a preparation based on calcium silicate) was carried out in 120 primary molars (58 first and 62 second molars) in 60 children aged 3—6 years under nitrous oxide — oxygen sedation. Clinical and radiological assessment of the condition of the cured teeth was carried out for 2 years. The efficiency of pulpitis treatment was assessed by the criterion of dental survival after treatment. . During 24 months after the treatment 5% teeth were extracted due to periodontitis; vital pulpotomy was performed in 2.5% cases due to pulpitis exacerbation; filling defects were repaired in 15.8% cases; the survival rate of teeth was 95%. . The obtained data show the promise of vital pulp therapy in primary molars in children under sedation, and also actualize the follow-up need after the treatment.
Определение эффективности применения реминерализующего препарата на эмаль и дентин зубов методом растровой микроскопии после процедуры химического отбеливания: экспериментальное нерандомизированное исследование
Authors: Нефедова И.Ф. , Брехов С.Д. , Магсумова О.А. , Постников М.А. , Чигарина С.Е. , Рыскина Е.А.
Published: December 2024

На сегодняшний день изменение цвета зубов — одна из распространенных проблем для людей различных возрастных групп и слоев населения. Это достаточно часто встречающий и полиэтиологический вид патологии твердых тканей зубов, не имеющий универсального метода лечения. Цель работы — изучение необходимости применения эмаль-герметизирующего ликвида на ткани зубов после процедуры химического отбеливания зубов. В эксперименте использовались 24 зуба, удаленных по ортодонтическим показаниям. Процедура химического отбеливания зубов осуществлялась с применением системы Opalescence Xtra Boost. Реминерализующая терапия была проведена с использованием эмаль-герметизирующего ликвида. Изучали элементный состав эмали и дентина методом энергодисперсионной спектроскопии. При традиционном отбеливании без применения реминерализующего препарата и при отбеливании с однократным применением ликвида ширина дентальных канальцев заметно увеличивается, тем самым увеличивая проницаемость между эмалью и дентином. При многократном применении ликвида наблюдается уменьшение ширины дентальных канальцев, а следовательно, уменьшение входных ворот для инфекции. Применение ликвида способствует удалению органического налета с поверхности зуба, сохранению и восполнению состава микроэлементов, обеспечивающих прочность зуба, уменьшению ширины дентальных канальцев и, как следствие, снижению гиперчувствительности зубов.

In our days, tooth discoloration is one of the common problems for people of different age and population groups. This is a fairly common and polyetiological type of pathology of hard dental tissues, which does not have a universal method of treatment. The purpose — study the need to use enamel-sealing liquid on dental tissue after the procedure of chemical teeth whitening. . 24 teeth extracted for orthodontic indications were used in the experiment. The procedure of chemical teeth whitening was carried out using Opalescence Xtra Boost system. Remineralizing therapy was carried out using enamel-sealing liquid. The elemental composition of enamel and dentin was studied by energy dispersive spectroscopy. . At traditional bleaching without application of remineralizing preparation and at bleaching with single application of liquid the width of dental tubules markedly increases, thus increasing the permeability between enamel and dentin. With repeated application of liquid, there is a decrease in the width of the dental tubules and hence a decrease in the entrance gate for infection. . The use of liquid helps to remove organic plaque from the tooth surface, to preserve and replenish the composition of microelements that provide tooth strength, to reduce the width of dental tubules and, consequently, to reduce hypersensitivity of teeth.
Сравнительная характеристика составов для симптоматической терапии ксеростомии
Authors: Шишкина О.Е. , Воробьева В.М. , Мазко О.Н. , Семенникова Н.В. , Берент Е.А. , Лоор К.С.
Published: December 2024

Использование заменителей слюны — ключевая концепция лечения ксеростомии, направленного на уменьшение симптомов сухости во рту и поддержание здоровья полости рта. На основании справочных данных и данных научной литературы проведен анализ имеющихся на рынке средств для заместительной терапии при ксеростомии и их основных ингредиентов. Дана характеристика основных компонентов саливопротекторов с учетом их функций в составе гелей и спреев для симптоматической терапии ксеростомии: солей-электролитов, ферментов, муцина, полимеров-гидроколлоидов, влагоудерживающих многоатомных спиртов, сахарозаменителей, фитопрепаратов. Ограниченное наличие на рынке стоматологических средств — саливозаменителей преимущественно зарубежного производства, особенно в условиях экономической изоляции, с учетом роста данной патологии обусловливает актуальность разработки отечественных средств для лечения ксеростомии. Обоснована необходимость разработки саливозаменителей в связи с распространенностью данного синдрома, тенденцией к росту из-за демографического старения населения и необходимости приема препаратов ксерогенного действия для терапии системных заболеваний.

The use of saliva substitutes is a key concept in the treatment of xerostomia, aimed at reducing the symptoms of dry mouth and maintaining oral health. Based on reference data and scientific literature, an analysis of the available products for replacement therapy for xerostomia and their main ingredients was carried out. The characteristics of the main components of salivary protectors are given, taking into account their functions in the composition of gels and sprays for the symptomatic therapy of xerostomia: electrolyte salts, enzymes, mucin, hydrocolloid polymers, water-retaining polyhydric alcohols, sugar substitutes, and herbal preparations. The limited availability of dental products on the market — salivary substitutes, mainly of foreign manufacture, especially in conditions of economic isolation, taking into account the growth of this pathology, determines the relevance of developing domestic products for the treatment of xerostomia. The necessity of developing salivary substitutes is substantiated in connection with the prevalence of this syndrome, the tendency to increase due to demographic aging of the population and the need to take xerogenic drugs for the treatment of systemic diseases.
Корреляция состава микробиоты полости рта и концентрации секреторного IgA в смешанной слюне у здоровых людей и пациентов с периимплантитом
Authors: Бурлакова Л.А. , Гизингер О.А. , Мураев А.А. , Делидова Е.В. , Иванов С.Ю. , Дымников А.Б.
Published: December 2024

Представлено исследование микробиоты полости рта методом метагеномного секвенирования 16s рРНК с учетом содержания секреторного иммуноглобулина A (sIgA). Цель исследования — оценка корреляции результатов, полученных методом секвенирования 16s рРНК, с онцентрацией sIgA в слюне. Обследовали 18 пациентов с периимплантитом в возрасте от 18 до 80 лет и 18 людей с имплантатами в полости рта без патологических изменений. Концентрации sIgA в смешанной слюне здоровых людей (1,1 г/л) и у пациентов с периимплантитом (0,52 г/л) достоверно отличаются. При периимплантите в микробиоме полости рта преобладают Haemophilus parainfluenzae (9,3%), Fusobacterium nucleatum (4,8%) Porphyromonas gingivalis (3,3%), Veillonella dispar/parvula (9,4%), Haemophilus haemolyticus/influenzae (1,5%). Выявлена прямая корреляционная связь между содержанием sIgA в слюне и разнообразием микроорганизмов в ротовой полости у обследованных.

A study of oral microbiota through 16S rRNA metagenomic sequencing and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) was conducted. The aim of the study was to evaluate the correlation between the results obtained by 16S rRNA sequencing method and the level of sIgA. . The study involved saliva from 18 patients with peri-implantitis aged between 18 and 80 years and 18 individuals with oral implants without pathological changes. . The level of secretory IgA in healthy individuals (1.1 g/L) and in patients with peri-implantitis (0.52 g/L) significantly differs. In peri-implantitis, the following types of bacteria predominate in the oral microbiome: Haemophilus parainfluenzae (9.3%), Fusobacterium nucleatum (4.8%), Porphyromonas gingivalis (3.3%), Veillonella dispar/parvula (9.4%), Haemophilus haemolyticus/influenzae (1.5%). . A direct correlation has been identified between the level of sIgA in saliva and the diversity of microorganisms in the oral cavity of the subjects examined.
Digital Leadership dalam Digital Governance untuk Pelayanan Publik Digital di Kota Tangerang
Authors: ADITYA Toddy Aditya , Achmad Kosasih
Published: December 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana digital leadership dalam digital governance untuk pelayanan publik digital di Kota Tangerang. Kota Tangerang memiliki super aplikasi Tangerang LIVE sebagai Super Apps layanan publik dengan 14 layanan dan 36 menu. Pemimpin digital bertanggung jawab untuk mengembangkan visi, strategi, dan kepemimpinan yang dibutuhkan untuk mengintegrasikan teknologi digital ke dalam proses pemerintahan. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kepemimpinan digital, digital governance serta pelayanan publik berbasis digital. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian campuran (mixed method) dengan pendekatan desain sekuensial penjelasan (explanatory sequential design). Pengolahan data dalam awal penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, analisis data melibatkan dua tahap utama. Pada tahap akhir penelitian yang menggunakan metode kualitatif, analisis data dilakukan dengan mencari, mengorganisir, dan menafsirkan informasi dari transkrip wawancara, catatan lapangan, dan sumber lainnya. Hasil penelitian menyebutkan bahwa baik secara parsial maupun secara simultan variabel kepemimpinan digital, digital governance mempunyai pengaruh terhadap pelayanan publik berbasis digital. Kepemimpinan digital merujuk pada kemampuan pemimpin untuk mengarahkan organisasi dalam mengadopsi teknologi baru yang dapat meningkatkan kualitas layanan, menciptakan visi digital yang jelas, dan menginspirasi pegawai untuk mengembangkan keterampilan digital yang diperlukan. Dengan memanfaatkan teknologi digital secara efektif, pemerintah dapat memenuhi harapan masyarakat yang semakin tinggi dan membangun sistem pelayanan publik yang adaptif dan berkelanjutan di era digital.
Identificação e caracterização de subcentralidades de emprego na região metropolitana de São Paulo
Authors: Campos Rodger Barros Antunes , Azzoni Carlos Roberto
Published: December 2024

Este artigo identifica as regiões centrais de emprego na região metropolitana (RM) de São Paulo e aponta evolução temporal dessas regiões, bem como caracteriza essas áreas em função da escolaridade, do gênero e da complexidade das atividades econômicas ali localizadas. Todas as empresas do setor privado da base da Relação Anual de Informações Sociais (Rais) foram geocodificadas e distribuídas em células de 1,2 e 4 km², o que permitiu conhecer a distribuição geográfica de emprego em 2002, 2008 e 2014. Aplicou-se metodologia de identificação objetiva de subcentralidades, baseada em regressões geograficamente ponderadas, a qual supera outras abordagens empíricas que demandam conhecimento prévio da região estudada. Os resultados indicam a existência de três subcentralidades na RM de São Paulo em 2002 e apenas duas em 2014, quando utilizados critérios mais restritos de avaliação. Ao relaxar esses critérios, nota-se a ampliação do total de subcentros (subcenter business districts – SBDs) a ponto de criar uma grande e única mancha de emprego na região. Os resultados indicam movimento centrífugo do emprego, mas de forma concentrada, e isso sugere que a aglomeração de trabalhadores é um fator importante para a produtividade.
Despesas com pessoal nos municípios brasileiros beneficiados por royalties petrolíferos : evidências da alocação inadequada desses recursos
Authors: Reis Diego Araujo , Moura Fábio Rodrigues , Santana José Ricardo , Jorge Marco Antônio , Nóbrega Wagner , Santos Rafaela Nascimento
Published: December 2024

No Brasil, a legislação não definiu de forma rigorosa, até 2013, como os royalties petrolíferos deveriam ser aplicados, embora haja impedimento, através da Lei no 8.001/1990, do uso desses recursos para pagamento do quadro permanente de pessoal. Este artigo tem como objetivo verificar se o ingresso dos royalties afetou a despesa com pessoal nos municípios brasileiros, entre 1999 e 2015. A metodologia envolveu o uso do modelo de análise de dados em painel. Os resultados trazem evidências de que os royalties foram utilizados para estimular a despesa com pessoal.
Mobilidade intergeracional de renda no Brasil: uma análise da evolução nos últimos vinte anos
Authors: Cruz Gabriela Freitas da , Pero Valéria
Published: December 2024

Este artigo investiga a evolução da mobilidade intergeracional de renda no Brasil ao longo dos anos 2000, quando foi observada a redução da desigualdade dos rendimentos do trabalho, e o papel da educação nesse processo. Foram estimadas regressões a partir do método de variáveis instrumentais em duas amostras para mensurar a relação entre as rendas de pais e filhos (homens). A elasticidade intergeracional da renda (IGE) caiu de algo em torno de 0,65 a 0,77 em 1996 para algo em torno de 0,42 a 0,53 em 2014. Os indicadores que eliminam os efeitos da distribuição de renda, porém, permaneceram quase constantes. Sobre o papel da escolaridade, a relação entre rendimento dos pais e rendimento dos filhos quando se controlam os anos de estudo permanece estável nas regressões que relacionam os níveis de renda, mas chega a aumentar naquelas que relacionam suas posições na distribuição.
Novas evidências da relação entre o acesso à pré-escola e o desempenho escolar para o Brasil
Authors: Reyna Edi Flores , Silva Maria Micheliana da Costa , Lirio Viviani Silva
Published: December 2024

Este trabalho analisou o efeito da pré-escola nos escores de proficiência de português e matemática dos alunos do 5º ano do ensino fundamental brasileiro. Para tal, combinaram-se informações do Censo Demográfico 2010 e do Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica (Saeb) 2015, por meio da criação de indivíduos representativos. Esta estratégia permitiu utilizar variáveis passadas e contemporâneas à realização dos testes na estimação do propensity score matching e do efeito de tratamento quantílico sobre o desempenho escolar. Os resultados mostram que frequentar a pré-escola aumenta o desempenho em aproximadamente 0,1 do desvio-padrão, em ambas as disciplinas, sendo este efeito maior no quantil 90 da distribuição de notas.
Thermo-mechanical simulation of the effect of tool welding speed on butt-joint friction stir welding (FSW) of AA6061
Authors: Mohamed Kouachi , Elhadj Raouache , Fares Khalfallah , Aissa Laouissi , Razik Benderradji
Published: December 2024

FSW is a welding method that joins pieces of material by rotating a non-consumable pin at high speeds (RPM) while moving it along the weld joint. The combination of this rotation and movement generates heat through friction between the tool and the sheets, facilitating the welding process without the requirement for filler metal. Developed by the British Welding Institute (TWI) in 1991, FSW is celebrated for producing strong, reliable welds and is extensively used in industries such as automotive and aerospace. In these sectors, aluminum alloys are essential due to their unique set of properties, making them highly suitable for FSW applications. In FSW, welding speed refers to the linear velocity at which the tool progresses along the joint line during the welding process. This parameter plays a pivotal role in controlling heat generation, material flow, and ultimately, the quality of the weld. The quantity of heat introduced to the plates directly influences the final weld quality, as well as the residual stresses and deformation observed in the workpieces. This research examines how different welding speeds affect temperature distribution, the width of the heat-affected zone, and the Von Mises stress distribution in welded aluminum alloy 6061 sheets. The aim of this study is to gain a comprehensive understanding of how these factors interact, with the ultimate goal of contributing to the optimization of FSW parameters and improving weld quality. The analysis was performed using finite element method and ALTAIR software, providing valuable insight into the effects of welding speed variations.
Tristram Shandy
at the Subterranean Orgy: Sterne in
The Ghost of Moll King
and
Harris’s List
Authors: DALE AMELIA , PARSONS NICOLA
Published: December 2024

This note describes the erotic prose work,
The Ghost of Moll King; or a Night at Derry’s
(1761) and identifies it as a piece of Sterneana. We detail its allusions to
Tristram Shandy
and outline
The Ghost of Moll King
’s close association with the notorious catalogue of London sex workers,
Harris’s List of Covent-Garden Ladies
(1760–94). We outline a potential connection between
The Ghost of Moll King
and
The Clockmakers Outcry
(1760) through the probable common publication link of Joseph Burd. We conclude by observing allusions to
Tristram Shandy
in
Harris’s List.
Sternean Writing in
Wiadomości Brukowe
(1816–22)
Authors: LIPSKI JAKUB
Published: December 2024

Wiadomości Brukowe [News from the Gutter]
was a Polish-language periodical appearing in Vilnius between 1816 and 1822. The announcement of the paper’s aims and objectives invokes Laurence Sterne, in a manner that has been identified in recent criticism as a form of branding: Sterne becomes a name tag that vaguely defines the ‘nature’ of the writing. Several entries in particular may be considered as belonging to the transnational phenomenon of Sterneana, creatively responding to
A Sentimental Journey
and
Tristram Shandy.
This note reads these works in the broader context of Sterne’s reception in Poland at the beginning of the nineteenth century.
Aerodynamic investigation by experimental and computational simulation of a flying wing unmanned aerial vehicle for cargo delivery and surveillance missions
Authors: Abdul Muta’ali Atikah Basyirah , Mohd Nasir Rizal Effendy , Kuntjoro Wahyu
Published: December 2024

Baseline-IX is a tailless aircraft design with compound wing attached to a short body, a transition between a straight, swept flying wing design and a blended wing-body. Baseline-IX planform was designed to deal with a small BWB UAV that is capable of cargo delivery and surveillance missions. The design is influenced by the requirement of cargo space to carry batteries medical and other emergency supplies in its fuselage with a nose-mounted mission camera with a wingspan under 2.0 meters. This paper focuses on studying the aerodynamic characteristics of the novel Baseline-IX, inspired by its predecessor, the Baseline-V. Aerodynamic characteristics of Baseline-IX were investigated and validated through numerical computational simulations and wind tunnel experiments. The maximum lift-to-drag ratio of Baseline-IX obtained through this study is 15.14 for 1:2.4 scaled model and 17.46 for 1:1 prototype. Numerical simulation and wind tunnel experiments’ lift-to-drag ratio percentage difference is 4.92%. Baseline-IX’s lift-to-drag ratio surpasses 14.09% and 24.28% over similar-missions UAV operating in the market while both are larger in size. Baseline-IX has the potential to be developed as a small, easy to carry cargo delivery and surveillance BWB UAV.
Simulating Gravitational Microlensing Events by TESS: Predictions on Statistics and Properties
Authors: Sajadian Sedighe , Kalantari Atousa , Fatheddin Hossein , Khakpash Somayeh
Published: December 2024

We study the statistics and properties of microlensing events that can be detected by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) based on Monte Carlo simulations. We simulate potential microlensing events from a sample of TESS Candidate Target List (CTL) stars by assuming different observational time spans (or different numbers of sectors for each star) and a wide range of lens masses, i.e., M
l ∈ [0.1 M
⊕, 2 M
⊙]. On average, the microlensing optical depth and the event rate for CTL stars are ≃0.2 × 10−9 and ΓTESS ≃ 0.6 × 10−9 star–1 day–1, respectively. The microlensing optical depth decreases with increasing CTL priority, whereas the efficiency for detecting their microlensing signals enhances with priority. Additionally, we simulate microlensing events from TESS Full Frame Image (FFI) stars extracted from the TESS-SPOC pipeline. The optical depth and event rate for these stars are on average ≃1–3 × 10−9, and ΓTESS ≃ 1–4 × 10−9 star–1 day–1, and their highest values occur for Sector 12. The total number of microlensing events for the CTL stars is N
e,tot ∼ 0.03, whereas for the FFI stars the number of events per star during the 27.4 day observing windows is

N

ˆ

e
,
tot

≃
1.4
×

10

−
6

. Based on four criteria we extract the detectable microlensing events and evaluate the detection efficiencies. The highest efficiency for detecting microlensing events from the TESS data occurs for lens masses of

log

10

[

M

l

(

M

⊙

)
]
∈
[
−
4.5

, −2.5], i.e., super-Earths to Jupiter-mass free floating planets. The detectable microlensing events from the TESS stars are significantly affected by both finite-source and parallax effects.
Preparing for the Early eVolution Explorer: Characterizing the Photochemical Inputs and Transit Detection Efficiencies of Young Planets Using Multiwavelength Flare Observations by TESS and Swift
Authors: Howard Ward S. , MacGregor Meredith A. , Feinstein Adina D. , Vega Laura D. , Cody Ann Marie , Turner Neal J. , Scott Valerie J. , Burt Jennifer A. , Venuti Laura
Published: December 2024

Ultraviolet flare emission can drive photochemistry in exoplanet atmospheres and even serve as the primary source of uncertainty in atmospheric retrievals. Additionally, flare energy budgets are not well understood due to a paucity of simultaneous observations. We present new near-UV (NUV) and optical observations of flares from three M dwarfs obtained at 20 s cadence with Swift and the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), along with a reanalysis of flares from two M dwarfs in order to explore the energy budget and timing of flares at NUV-optical wavelengths. We find a 9000 K blackbody underestimates the NUV flux by ≥2× for 54 ± 14% of flares and 14.8× for one flare. We report time lags between the bands of 0.5–6.6 minutes and develop a method to predict the qualitative flare shape and time lag to 36% ± 30% accuracy. The scatter present in optical-NUV relations is reduced by a factor of 2.0 ± 0.6 when comparing the total NUV energy with the TESS energy during the FWHM duration due to the exclusion of the T
eff ≈ 5000 K tail. We show the NUV light curve can be used to remove flares from the optical light curve and consistently detect planets with 20% smaller transits than is possible without flare detrending. Finally, we demonstrate a 10× increase in the literature number of multiwavelength flares with the Early eVolution Explorer (EVE), an astrophysics Small Explorer concept to observe young clusters with simultaneous NUV and optical bands in order to detect young planets, assess their photochemical radiation environments, and observe accretion.
Brown bear occurrence along a proposed highway route in Romania’s Carpathian Mountains
Authors: Domokos Csaba , Collet Sebastian , Nowak Carsten , Jánoska Ferenc , Cristescu Bogdan
Published: December 2024

Linear transportation infrastructure threatens terrestrial mammals by altering their habitats, creating barriers to movement and increasing mortality risk. Large carnivores are especially susceptible to the negative effects of roads due to their wide-ranging movements. Major road developments are planned or ongoing throughout the range of the Romanian brown bear (Ursus arctos) population, which is numerically the largest in the European Union. The planned A8 (Tîrgu Mureș–Iași–Ungheni) highway crosses the Romanian Eastern Carpathians on their entire width, posing a risk to the Romanian and broader Carpathian transboundary bear population. In the summers of 2014, 2017 and 2020, we surveyed an 80 km-long section of the planned highway using 68 hair traps with lure mounted in pairs along the route. We aimed to assess bear occurrence, genetic connectivity across the proposed highway and to estimate the minimum number and sex ratio of bears present in the area. With an effort of 3,519 hair trapping days (17 days / trap / session), we identified 24 individuals from the 45 collected hair samples, with a higher prevalence of female bears (male:female sex ratio of 1:1.3). We documented functional connectivity across the planned highway through parent-offspring (4 cases), full-sib (2 cases) and half-sib (24 cases) genetic relationships amongst sampled individuals. Terrain ruggedness and longitude were the most important predictors of bear occurrence from our analysis of detections at hair trap locations. Bears consistently occurred in the vicinity of the planned highway when in rugged terrain of the western section of the study area and were often detected close to human settlements (< 1 km). Even at this stage, without the A8 highway constructed, connectivity is likely already limited by the existing extensive network of settlements and restricted to a few important linkage areas still free of developments. Additional threats to bears and other wildlife in the area include poaching and large numbers of free-ranging dogs. We provide recommendations to mitigate these threats.
Experimental study on improving the utilization rate of underpasses of bundled linear infrastructure on Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Maierdiyali Abudusaimaiti , Wang Yun , Yang Yangang , Chen Jiding , Tao Shuangcheng , Kong Yaping , Lu Zhi
Published: December 2024

Wildlife crossing structures (WCSs) are an important measure to protect biodiversity and reduce human-wildlife conflict, especially for bundled linear infrastructure. The aim of this study was to evaluate two “management and behavioral” factors (salt blocks and feces) in relation to two “structural factors” (underpasses’ dimension and distance of bundled linear infrastructure) along Qinghai-Tibet bundled linear infrastructure (Qinghai-Tibet railway alignment runs parallel to the Qinghai-Tibet highway) and Gonghe-Yushu bundled linear infrastructure (Gonghe-Yushu expressway is parallel to the Gonghe-Yushu highway) using infrared cameras. Eight underpasses were monitored in the Qinghai-Tibet railway and six in the Gonghe-Yushu expressway, with half of the induced experimental group and half of the control group in each area. The monitoring shows that the Qinghai-Tibet railway area has richer species diversity than the Gonghe-Yushu expressway area. Salt block and feces induction experiments showed that the relative abundance index (RAI) of the experimental and control groups did not reveal significant differences in both areas. In addition, we found that the wider the width of the underpasses, the higher the utilization rate of kiang (Equus kiang) and wolly hare (Lepus oiostolus). And the distance from the adjacent linear infrastructure was positively correlated with the frequency of wolly hare, while no correlation was found with other species. In summary, this study found that salt block and feces induction could not improve the utilization rate of ungulates to underpasses of bundled linear infrastructure on Tibetan Plateau, and preliminary understood the factors affecting the utilization rate of underpasses.
The Trial
Authors: Sloan Victor S. , Wingerson Lois , Adams Christopher
Published: December 2024

Mrs. Ellis (a pseudonym) is a 57-year-old woman with a 10-year history of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and a previous episode of transverse myelitis with residual pain and weakness.

After the patient's insufficient response to methotrexate (MTX) and upon realizing that tumor necrosis factor inhibitors are relatively contraindicated in demyelinating disease, I wrote a prescription for abatacept (ABA), which could conceivably help both her RA and her transverse myelitis.
Optimization of AlGaAs barrier for InGaAs quantum wells emitting in the near infrared
Authors: Zelioli Andrea , Žuvelis Justas , Cibulskaitė Ugnė , Špokas Aivaras , Dudutienė Evelina , Vaitkevičius Augustas , Stanionytė Sandra , Čechavičius Bronislovas , Butkutė Renata
Published: December 2024

The results of a study aimed at optimizing the optical properties of InGaAs quantum well structures by employing different barrier designs are presented. Single rectangular InGaAs quantum wells with approximately 21% indium and AlGaAs barriers, with different Al content 12, 20 and 30%, were theoretically modelled using the nextnano3 software to calculate band edges and levels in the quantum wells. A series of samples were grown using molecular beam epitaxy to clarify the influence of the Al fraction in the AlGaAs barriers on the optical properties of the quantum structures. Atomic force microscopy measurements were used to evaluate the surface roughness of the grown structures, while photoluminescence investigations provided insight into the optical quality and carrier confinement effects. The investigations revealed that the introduction of AlGaAs barriers resulted in an increased carrier confinement inside of the quantum well, but consequently resulted in the degradation of the InGaAs quantum well quality with the increase of aluminium content in the barrier. It was determined that a barrier with 12% of Al can be used to balance these effects, by providing a sufficient confinement, while retaining a satisfactory crystalline quality of the quantum structures.
Single pixel reconstruction imaging: Taking confocal imaging to the extreme
Authors: Streckaite Simona , Frolov Dmitrij , Chmeliov Jevgenij , Gelzinis Andrius , Ilioaia Cristian , Rimsky Sylvie , van Grondelle Rienk , Valkunas Leonas , Gall Andrew , Robert Bruno
Published: December 2024

Light nanoscopy is attracting widespread interest for the visualization of fluorescent structures at the nanometre scale. Recently, a variety of methods have overcome the diffraction limit, yet in practice they are often constrained by the requirement of special fluorophores, nontrivial data processing, or a high price and complex implementation. Therefore, confocal microscopy, yielding a relatively low resolution, is still the dominant method in biosciences. It was shown that image scanning microscopy (ISM) with an array detector could improve the resolution of confocal microscopy. Here, we review the principles of the confocal microscopy and present a simple method based on ISM with a different image reconstruction approach, which can be easily implemented in any camera-based laser-scanning set-up to experimentally obtain the theoretical resolution limit of confocal microscopy. Our method, single pixel reconstruction imaging (SPiRI), enables high-resolution 3D imaging utilizing image formation only from a single pixel of each of the recorded frames. We achieve the experimental axial resolution of 330 nm, which was not shown before by basic confocal or ISM-based systems. The SPiRI method exhibits a low lateral-to-axial FWHM aspect ratio, which means a considerable improvement in 3D fluorescence imaging. As a demonstration of SPiRI, we present the 3D-structure of a bacterial chromosome with an excellent precision.
La Création chymique. L’exégèse newtonienne de la Genèse selon la correspondance avec Burnet (1680-1681)
Authors: Mathieu Frédéric
Published: December 2024

Dans une lettre adressée au théologien Thomas Burnet au début de la décennie 1680, Newton avance une interprétation de la Genèse biblique emblématique du genre des « théories de la Terre ». Partant du postulat que la narration de Moïse est un récit « accommodé », adapté au vulgaire, il se persuade que son contenu « philosophique » peut être restauré à l’aune des connaissances modernes. Loin d’adopter un paradigme strictement mécaniste, Newton propose alors une exégèse chymique de la Création. Le Système du monde, le Soleil, la Terre et ses reliefs se seraient formés au gré d’une succession de séparations et de coagulations à partir d’un « Chaos commun ». Les mers et les montagnes seraient issues de la coagulation irrégulière de la parcelle de Chaos assignée à notre planète à la manière dont coagule une solution de salpêtre. Le texte est émaillé d’analogies chymiques, et chaque opération accomplie dans le temps de la Création trouve sa contrepartie dans le laboratoire. Toutes les transformations du Chaos primordial sont effectuées par une force formatrice qui joue à grande échelle le rôle que les alchimistes attribuaient aux ferments. Cette force est la gravitation, que la lettre de Newton associe à l’esprit de Dieu. La reconstitution de Newton présente sous ce rapport des traits communs avec les traités chrysopoétiques qui développent l’analogie entre le Magistère et la Genèse. Le philosophe ne s’était pas contenté de prendre connaissance de ce courant d’interprétation chymique ou alchimique de la Genèse. Il avait composé lui-même des commentaires autour de ces lectures dans une période proche de la lettre à Burnet.
Sur les traces des pourceaulx de Jaquet Jamoy
Authors: Glinel Charlotte
Published: December 2024

Jaquet Jamoy est l’un des rares personnages que l’on peut rencontrer à plusieurs reprises dans les registres de la juridiction de l’abbaye de Saint-Germain-des-Prés au début du xve siècle, grâce aux nombreuses interpellations dont il fait l’objet. Appuyé sur une enquête archivistique portant sur la gestion des déchets parisiens, attentive aux sensibilités et à leur signification sociale, le récit suit les traces des porcs du tripier multirécidiviste, des tas de fumier aux chambres de ses voisins bouchers. Ce parcours amène à saisir les tenants de la perception de la pollution urbaine dans un contexte politique constructeur d’une norme environnementale urbaine guidée par les sens.
Imperception
Authors: Chamois Camille
Published: December 2024

Depuis 2012, un différend épisté- mologique oppose Aparecida Vilaça et Tanya Luhrmann au sujet du statut à accorder à l’invisible. Dans cet article, nous défendons l’idée selon laquelle ce genre de débat est mieux rendu si on l’aborde à partir de la catégorie d’« imperception » : on désigne par là le rapport que nous entretenons à ce qu’autrui perçoit, mais que nous ne percevons pas nous-mêmes, tout en lui attribuant un sens de présence important.
Ouvrir les sensiIbilités à l’atmosphère
Authors: Labussière Olivier , Brayer Laure , Higgin Marc , Monnier Yves
Published: December 2024

Cet échange témoigne d’un processus de recherche-création en cours. Il réunit Laure Brayer (architecte), Marc Higgin (anthropologue), Olivier Labussière (géographe et porteur du projet) et Yves Monnier (artiste plasticien), devenus au gré du projet coenquêteurs. Ils reviennent ensemble sur la pratique artistique d’Yves Monnier, partagent leur analyse de l’expérimentation de nouvelles sensibilités à l’atmosphère avec des publics, et ouvrent une réflexion sur l’écologie des images.
Compreendendo o desenvolvimento de processos regulatórios : o legado fundador de Annie Weill-Fassina
Authors: Garza Cecilia De la
Published: December 2024

Propomos uma análise do texto de Annie Weill-Fassina à luz de uma série de estudos, temas e abordagens atuais no domínio da ergonomia e, em particular, nas análises de sistemas sociotécnicos de alto risco. Veremos assim como o seu trabalho continua a ser altamente relevante para a compreensão dos mecanismos cognitivos subjacentes à gestão da dinâmica das situações, à sempre necessária adaptação dos atores ao trabalho, à resolução de problemas, à tomada de decisões. E isto, com uma dupla perspetiva, individual e coletiva. Os conceitos e quadros analíticos desenvolvidos posteriormente ou em paralelo por outros autores confirmam a riqueza da obra de Annie Weill-Fassina.
Entender la elaboración de los procesos de regulación: el legado fundador de Annie Weill-Fassina
Authors: Garza Cecilia De la
Published: December 2024

Este comentario analiza el texto de Annie Weill-Fassina a la luz de una serie de estudios, temas y enfoques actuales en el ámbito de la ergonomía y, en particular, en el análisis de los sistemas sociotécnicos de alto riesgo. Veremos hasta qué punto su obra sigue siendo de actualidad para el análisis de los mecanismos cognitivos que subyacen a la gestión de situaciones dinámicas, la adaptación, siempre necesaria de los actores en el trabajo, la resolución de problemas y la toma de decisiones. Y ello tanto desde una perspectiva individual como colectiva. Los conceptos y marcos analíticos desarrollados posteriormente o en paralelo por otros autores confirman la riqueza de las ideas de Annie Weill-Fassina.
L’appropriation négociée de l’espace public par les balayeuses de Casablanca
Authors: Bouasria Leila
Published: December 2024

Cet article s’intéresse à la manière dont les balayeuses dans les rues de Casablanca négocient leur présence dans l’espace public. Leur fréquentation de cet espace met en lumière leur appartenance à des catégories à l’intersection des hiérarchies de genre et de classe et dont la présence dans la rue théâtralise la performativité à différents niveaux. Aussi, ces différents principes de hiérarchisation et de distinction, qui se traduisent au niveau des politiques de recrutement, sont reproduites à travers diverses pratiques.Les approches intersectionnelles et interactionnistes adoptées dans la démarche d’analyse mettent en évidence des formes d’appropriation spatiale négociée à travers lesquelles se lit une certaine forme de subjectivité. Autrement dit, il ne s’agit pas seulement de rendre compte du stigmate mais aussi de mettre en évidence la manière dont certains attribués liés au genre ou à la classe agissent également comme des ressources flexibles. C’est ainsi que les balayeuses créent, par leurs tactiques, un nouveau cadre de référence qui relève de diverses logiques. Ces dernières sont décrites dans cet article à travers un répertoire de valeurs et un registre d’actions qui révèlent toute l’ambiguïté paradoxale de leur présence dans les rues de Casablanca. Aussi, l’appropriation négociée de l’espace ne peut être possible qu’à l’épreuve d’expériences vécues au prisme d’émotions ressenties et auxquelles font face les balayeuses en tant qu’actrices et sujets. La signification de ces logiques d’appropriation se fait à la fois au niveau sémantique et émotionnel et ces différents niveaux d’expression varient selon la nature des liens d’interaction. Il s’agit donc de comprendre comment se trament ces rapports intersectionnels au fil d’actes d’appropriation négociés au quotidien.
Légitimités territoriales à Makili : négociations coutumières et alliance matrimoniale
Authors: Facal Gabriel
Published: December 2024

À Makili, sur lʼîle d’Atauro (Timor-Est), la légitimité des clans à occuper leurs territoires est ancrée dans des récits de fondation qui relatent des métamorphoses et des déplacements à travers la région. Ces récits d’origine, encore aujourd’hui, conditionnent l’accès aux ressources locales (eau, terres cultivables, bambous, produits de la mer, etc.) et servent de preuve d’autochtonie. Le territoire est également structuré par des alliances matrimoniales, selon une dynamique double. D’une part, une dynamique externe : les mariages sont interdits au sein d’un même clan, sans qu’il existe de règle préférentielle entre clans. D’autre part, une dynamique interne : la formation et la subdivision des clans et de leurs maisons coutumières dépendent de l’échange de biens (belis) lors des alliances. Ces échanges permettent de régler des dettes envers les ancêtres et entre les clans, au fil des générations. Cette institution de l’échange, marquée par une compétition entre clans, assure la stabilité politique et la souveraineté territoriale.
Os ipesianos no poder (1964-1967)
Authors: Bortone Elaine de Almeida
Published: December 2024

O artigo tem como objetivo identificar e analisar a presença política de empresários e de tecnoempresários associados e parceiros do Instituto de Pesquisas e Estudos Sociais (IPES) e sua área de influência em instâncias importantes do Estado brasileiro, no período de 1964-1967, governo Castello Branco. Trata-se das empresas estatais federais nas quais membros e associados do IPES ocuparam os cargos de direção. O IPES foi uma entidade empresarial rica e sofisticada que desenvolveu ações e estratégias, lícitas e ilícitas, a fim de criar as bases de oposição que pudessem desestabilizar e esvaziar o governo João Goulart (1961-1964), que estava criando medidas que atingiam diretamente os interesses econômicos do capital. A conclusão central é que a presença e a participação formal de frações de classe nos aparelhos estatais implicaram o controle do Estado e a garantia de sua influência sobre o processo decisório, que atendia aos interesses econômicos de sua classe. Para isto, foram analisados detalhadamente os documentos produzidos pelo IPES, custodiados no Arquivo Nacional e no CPDOC/FGV, e os dados das estatais e de suas direções, que foram levantados pelo Acesso à Informação, cotejando-os com outras fontes primárias, como artigos e bibliografias.