bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vital signs role and significance in detecting early cardiac events
Authors: Alzahrani Meshal S. , Albishi Amal H. , Alfaifi Abeer E. , Alzahrani Ahmed M. , Aldoosary Reem I. , Alshabeeb Sajedah Y. , Alammar Ayat A. , Alalrashidi Bandar M. , Zoqeei Eman M. , Kofiyah Omar A.
Published: December 2023

Cardiovascular diseases continue to be a contributor to mortality highlighting the significance of intervention. Nurses are often the first healthcare professionals to assess patients and their ability to identify symptoms and deviations in signs is essential for early detection of cardiac distress. Many individuals encounter symptoms such as discomfort in the chest, trouble with breathing, irregularities, heartbeat and increased fatigue. These symptoms can be signs of events. Nurses’ attentiveness in monitoring these symptoms and vital signs enables response and lifesaving interventions. Furthermore, advancements in healthcare technology like automated monitoring systems and telehealth platforms enhance nurse’s ability to detect events by allowing real time data collection and remote monitoring. This review explores the role that nurses play in detecting events early on with a specific focus, on monitoring vital signs like blood pressure and heart rate. The comprehensive management of events encompasses accurate diagnosis, evidence-based treatment, patient education and modification of risk factors. The expertise and constant vigilance of nurses significantly contribute to improving care and enhancing patient outcomes. As healthcare technology continues to advance nurses role in detecting events becomes even more crucial solidifying their indispensable position, in promoting heart health.
Indicativos para uma avaliação formativa entre professores de biologia
Authors: Mota Diego , Mesquita Silvana Soares de Araújo , Campos Pedro Humberto Faria
Published: December 2023

Este estudo propõe investigar os saberes que anunciam uma avaliação formativa nos discursos elaborados por professores de biologia sobre suas práticas escolares. Embasada na teoria das representações sociais, a pesquisa se debruça sobre as narrativas de seis docentes de uma instituição de ensino com base no indicativo de realizarem um processo avaliativo mediador. A partir da análise das ancoragens representacionais emergentes nas entrevistas, foi possível evidenciar algumas marcas epistêmicas do campo consensual dos saberes desses professores. Esses fatores se ancoram nos elementos relacionais da didática e na metáfora da “libertação”, em referência a uma visão reflexiva do currículo de biologia, bem como às suas experiências individuais ao longo de seu desenvolvimento profissional.
Influence of Organisational-Level Factors on Delayed Door-to-Balloon Time among Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Al-Rumhi Munira A , Al Sabei Sulaiman D , Al-Noumani Huda S , Al-Riyami Adil , Al-Rawajfah Omar
Published: December 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to estimate the door-to-balloon (DTB) time and determine the organisational-level factors that influence delayed DTB times among patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction in Oman. Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted on all patients who presented to the emergency department at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital and Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman, and underwent primary percutaneous coronary interventions during 2018–2019. Results: The sample included 426 patients and the median DTB time was 142 minutes. The result of the bivariate logistic regression showed that patients who presented to the emergency department with atypical symptoms were 3 times more likely to have a delayed DTB time, when compared to patients who presented with typical symptoms (odds ratio [OR] = 3.003, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.409–6.400; P = 0.004). In addition, patients who presented during off-hours were 2 times more likely to have a delayed DTB time, when compared to patients who presented during regular working hours (OR = 2.291, 95% CI: 1.284–4.087; P = 0.005). Conclusion: To meet the DTB time recommendation, it is important to ensure adequate staffing during both regular and irregular working hours. Results from this study can be used as a baseline for future studies and inform strategies for improving the quality of care.
Keywords: Acute Myocardial Infarction; Coronary Balloon Angioplasty; Patient Care Management; Emergency Care Systems; Staffing and Scheduling; Oman.
Violência e Saúde Mental: desafios contemporâneos
Authors: Garcia Jr. Carlos Alberto Severo , Ceccon Roger Flores
Published: December 2023

Violência e saúde mental, uma tensa tessitura. Que difícil empreitada escrever sobre as repercussões da violência, cometida ou sofrida, além das violências de Estado e das formas de pensamento, sobre as subjetividades individual e coletiva! Por outro lado: que necessário escrever e fazer pensar sobre isso! A empreitada de Carlos Alberto Severo Garcia Jr. e Roger Flores Ceccon não é simples, pesquisadores da saúde mental, da saúde coletiva e da análise social, reúnem mais de 30 autores para apresentar-nos uma cartografia temática da violência e saúde mental no Brasil contemporâneo. Nos oferecem um encontro com antropólogos, assistentes sociais, cientistas sociais, enfermeiros, psicólogos e sanitaristas, assim como o trabalho do dia a dia dessas áreas no mundo profissional. A violência e saúde mental reporta luto, mortes traumáticas, stress pós-traumático, violências institucionais, violência às diversidades, violência racial, medo, pânico, sofrimento psíquico, fragilização ou abandono do desejo de vida e do desejo de viver.
Psychological problems and associated factors during COVID-19 pandemic in Ethiopia
Authors: Yalew Aster , Urgessa Megersso , Kumsa Kebede , Ferede Amsal , Gebeyehu Negeso
Published: December 2023

Objective: Psychological problems like depression, anxiety, and stress are common in the general population and they have a negative impact on the well-being of the community as well as the country. Pandemic diseases like COVID-19 increase the prevalence of psychological problems in the community. Studying psychological problems and associated factors in the community is very crucial for community mental health management. However, evidence is scarce in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of psychological problems and factors in the community during the COVID-19 pandemic in Shashemene Town, Oromia, Ethiopia.
 
Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 01,2012 to February 28, 2021.  A structured, pretested, and interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from 889 study participants selected through a simple random sampling technique. The data was collected using the depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS-21) questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was done to determine factors associated with DAS. Adjusted odds ratio with their 95% confidence intervals were calculated to identify the presence and strength of an association, while statistical significance was reported at P<0.05.
 
Results: The prevalence of psychological problems was 96.6% [95% Cl: 95.9,98.1]. The overall prevalence of depression and anxiety were 30% and 43.5% respectively. Having COVID-19 symptoms in the past two weeks before the survey (AOR=0.34; 95% Cl: 0.15,0.77) and having known medical problems (AOR=0.28; 95% Cl: 0.13,0.59) were factors significantly associated with a psychological problem in response to COVID-19 pandemic.
 
Conclusion: The prevalence of psychological problems in response to the COVID-19 pandemic infection was very high in the study area. It needs immediate action to alleviate this psychological problem crisis in the community.
A Quasi-Experimental Controlled Educational Intervention for Mothers To Reduce Unnecessary Emergency Department Admissions in Children with Respiratory Tract Infection Symptoms
Authors: ARMAN İkbal Hümay , TEMEL ASLAN Kübra , ARMAN Yusuf , APAYDIN KAYA Çiğdem
Published: December 2023

Objective:Although children presenting with respiratory tract infection (RTI) symptoms can be managed by in primary care, these symptoms are the most common reasons for children to present to the emergency department(ED). The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of the education given to mothers by their family physician in reducing the unnecessary admissions of children with RTI symptoms to the ED.

Method:A quasi-experimental, single-blinded, controlled educational intervention study was conducted with the mothers of 6 months–6 years old children. Family Medicine Units were randomized as control and intervention group. Sociodemographic features, admissions to ED, fever-related practices were questioned and a questionnaire including propositions on Knowledge, Attitude and Behaviour (KAB) about RTI symptoms (KABaRTIS) were applied in both groups before-after the intervention. Intervention group received one-to-one, face-to-face education focusing on home management of acute RTI symptoms and alarm findings, also a booklet was given. No intervention was made to the control group.

Result:Study was completed with 178 mothers(Control:118, Intervention:60). The KABaRTIS scores of the mothers increased significantly in both groups(Control:76.9-82.2;p
Number system
Authors: Trivedi Nripesh
Published: December 2023

We use numbers in daily life without examining a pattern in numbers [1]. We solve problems through equations everyday without generalizing our results [2]. This happens because we do not express numbers simply enough to get a sense of the numbers. In other words, numbers are not expressed in terms of their occurrences to understand the numbers and express them in the same form. This paper expresses numbers in the form of their occurrences.
Miopatía inflamatoria autoinmune refractaria: reporte de caso.
Authors: Sacoto Flores Goethe Salomón , Huillcatanda Sacari Soledad
Published: December 2023

Introducción: Las miopatías inflamatorias idiopáticas (MII) son un grupo de enfermedades del tejido conectivo autoinmunes caracterizadas por inflamación muscular y afectación clínica de múltiples órganos como piel, pulmón, corazón y tracto gastrointestinal. Caso clínico: Se presenta un caso de MII con debilidad muscular, disfagia y manifestaciones cutáneas, refractario al tratamiento. El tratamiento inmunosupresor inicial con azatiprina y glucocorticoides (GC) tuvo mala respuesta, como segunda línea de terapéutica se administró ciclofosfamida intravenosa mas GC con mejoría clínica y disminución de enzimas musculares.  Conclusión: las MII refractarias al tratamiento conllevan un mal pronóstico, y siempre se deberán descartar otras causas asociadas que expliquen esta falta de respuesta como infecciones, neoplasias u otras miopatías inflamatorias no autoinmunes.
Arabic Teachers: Professional Competence and Reflective Teaching
Authors: Ilmiani Aulia Mustika , Marsiah Marsiah , Nuryaman Adelina Dewi , Salim Oemar
Published: December 2023

This article discusses the professional competence of Arabic language teachers in several schools in the Central Kalimantan region which have not been met according to the standards set by the Regulation of the Minister of National Education of the Republic of Indonesia Number 16 of 2007 concerning Academic Qualification Standards and Teacher Competency. Research using qualitative method. Through the results of the research, three Arabic teachers were found with inappropriate educational backgrounds. However, in the learning reflection process, the three Arabic teachers carried out various reflection activities, such as learning evaluation, classroom action research, self-study, self-observation, and student responses, attending training, implementing innovations, recording the learning process, analyzing needs. students, and address the needs of students by needs analysis. From the results of this study, the researcher recommends that Arabic teachers reflect regularly to improve the quality of learning and meet established professional competency standards.
Assessing The Classroom Learning in Arabic Matriculation Program: Tutor and Student Perspective
Authors: Jundi Muhammad , Ali Mohommed
Published: December 2023

The Arabic language matriculation program in the Arabic Education Department of IAIN Sultan Amai has been implemented for years, but its effectiveness and efficiency have not been scientifically evaluated yet. This study aims to evaluate the Arabic language matriculation program from the perspectives of tutors and students. The approach used is qualitative with a descriptive type of analysis, and the data sources are the tutors from each class and a number of students from different classes. Data collection methods used are interviews and observations. The results show that the strengths of the matriculation program are the dedication of tutors, varied teaching methods, customized handbooks, an Arabic language environment, and cooperative participants. However, the program also has weaknesses, such as unclear educational calendars, unstructured evaluations, and suboptimal attendance control. In conclusion, the roles of tutors and student management are vital in this program, and positive two-way feedback from participants and tutors can sustain the program despite shortcomings in management. It is suggested to conduct a study on the program's effectiveness and obtain empirical data in the form of quantitative measurement.
La insolvencia de los agricultores en el ordenamiento jurídico colombiano e italiano
Authors: Rojas Pacheco Adolfo Eleazar , Fuentes Mancipe Mónica María , Muñoz Sánchez Jhon Diego , Méndez Segura Danny Stid
Published: December 2023

Esta reflexión aborda el tema de la crisis patrimonial y no patrimonial de los agricultores en el ordenamiento jurídico colombiano e italiano, así como la administración y gestión de  su insolvencia como un asunto de importante relevancia en la actividad productiva  de la persona natural no comerciante y del  imprenditore agricolo. En ese sentido y acorde a los procedimientos concursales a los que pueden acceder los agricultores en estos ordenamientos, en un primer momento para  el caso colombiano se describirán los procesos de: 1. Negociación de  las deudas, 2. Convalidación de acuerdos privados y 3. liquidación patrimonial de la persona natural no comerciante acorde a la Ley 1564 de 2012,  mientras que en un segundo momento  para el caso italiano se describirán los procedimientos de sovraindebitamento: 1. concordato minore y 2. liquidazione controllata regulados por el Codice della crisi d’impresa e dell’insolvenza . Finalmente se confrontará el procedimiento de la negociación de  las deudas versus el  procedimiento del concordato minore y el proceso de  liquidación patrimonial respecto de la liquidazione controllata, con el propósito de evidenciar los puntos de encuentro y desencuentro en los sistemas concursales aquí analizados, haciendo la premisa  que en la actualidad el ordenamiento jurídico colombiano no posee una ley especial aplicable al  agricultor  persona natural en crisis.
INTEGRAÇÃO DOS PLANOS DE RECURSOS HÍDRICOS DAS BACIAS DO EXTREMO SUL CATARINENSE AOS ODS DA AGENDA MUNDIAL 2030
Authors: Da Cunha Yasmine de Moura , Torres Bezerra de Menezes Carlyle , Da Conceição Martins Miriam , Gonçalves Siqueira Janine
Published: December 2023

Definidos em 2015, os Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável são o eixo central da Agenda 2030, com metas a serem atingidas por ações coordenadas entre governos, empresas, universidades e sociedade civil. Inserem a gestão integrada da água e o saneamento, interconectando as dimensões sociais, econômicas, ambientais e institucional do desenvolvimento sustentável. A Organização das Nações Unidas situa a água como elemento central de temas relacionados aos ODS. Este projeto surgiu a partir da participação dos professores nos Comitês de Bacias Hidrográficas (CBH) do Extremo Sul Catarinense, representando a Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense e do conhecimento do desempenho destes CBHs na gestão de recursos hídricos. O propósito do projeto foi promover a integração dos ODS aos planos de recursos hídricos destas bacias. Em função do distanciamento social vivenciado, a equipe inicialmente realizou pesquisa teórica sobre temáticas relacionadas ao projeto. Os objetivos específicos e a metodologia de execução foram readequados, permanecendo a parceria com os CBHs e as organizações membros para verificar e avaliar ações destas organizações, relacionadas aos ODS e aos planos de recursos hídricos das bacias, socializando as ações sustentáveis. Como resultados poderão ser estabelecidas estratégias, no processo de incorporação dos ODS definidos, nas organizações membros e nos planos de recursos hídricos. As atividades de ação extensionista propiciam interação entre os extensionistas e os atores sociais destas bacias; pesquisa e produção de conhecimento interdisciplinar por professores orientadores e bolsistas, inseridos no ambiente das organizações membros dos CBH do Extremo Sul Catarinense, incluindo o ambiente escolar, de futura atuação profissional.
China, Central Asia and a Changing Global Order
Authors: Dessein Bart
Published: December 2023

The following paper addresses the issue of presenting the historical significance of China’s cultural influence in the region of the contemporary Central Asian republics – Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, and Tajikistan, and in the contemporary Autonomous Region Xinjiang. Using historical texts, the author analyses the place of the Central Asia issue in the thought and strategic plans of successive Chinese authorities. The author points to the importance of building, including metaphorically, the Great Wall and highlights the contemporary importance of developing economic and political relations between China and the countries of the region.The paper emphasizes that the Great Wall did not prevent cultural influences from the north entering China and was a ‘border,’ not a ‘limit,’ in the same way that also the Silk Roads that cut into China’s western borders were channels of intercultural exchange. The text concludes that in the contemporary period, the Central Asian region could and should become a region of intercultural exchange in a constantly changing global order.
Burmese Buddhist Idealism from U Thant to Aung San Suu Kyi. Two Case Studies of Myanmar’s Political Thought
Authors: Lubina Michal
Published: December 2023

Myanmar’s Aung San Suu Kyi remains a puzzle. Not a long time ago a global democracy icon, she now faces harsh criticism for her actions in governance. Much has been written about her policies yet there is little attempt to trace the intellectual sources of her policymaking. This article will try to fill this gap by showing that important sources of Suu Kyi’s governing philosophy can be found in 1950s intellectual climate of Burma. Suu Kyi in her political thought follows the (completely forgotten now) tradition of Burmese Buddhist modernists of 1950s whose most famous representative was U Thant. Suu Kyi is quite like them in many regards including the inability to successfully govern a country.
Cartoon Addiction and Executive Functioning in School Going Children
Authors: Zafar Nida
Published: December 2023

With the advancement in technology, human beings have turned images into moving objects, making an imaginary world of fantasy in the minds of children. Watching excessive cartoons has made children addicted to these animate objects, affecting their behavior both physically and psychologically and urging them to mimic such characters in their everyday life. The present research investigated the relationship between cartoon addiction and executive functioning in school going children. It was hypothesized: cartoon addiction is likely to predict poor executive functioning in school going children. The data was taken from the sample of 100 mothers. For assessment, Cartoon Addiction Test by Young [1] and Parent-Teacher Executive Functioning Test by Gerard, Grioia [2] were used. Findings showed that; being in nuclear family, being a second born child, gender and cartoon addiction predict poor executive functioning in school going children. This research has important implications for parents to understand the addictive behavior of their children and to take remedial measures.
Marijuana Use during Pregnancy
Authors: Adikey Archana Rao
Published: December 2023

In recent years, there has been a considerable rise in the prevalence of marijuana use during pregnancy in the United States. Our study aimed to thoroughly review the current prenatal and postnatal studies and to evaluate the harmful effects of cannabis use during pregnancy. Our literature review has demonstrated that the use of cannabis can have various detrimental effects on development, effects that show up at various developmental stages, including the prenatal, newborn, and adolescent stages. Serious prenatal impacts include poor birth weight, anemia, and other long-term impacts such as poor neurocognitive development. Adolescents whose mothers used cannabis during pregnancy have been reported to suffer from decreased attention, increased hyperactivity and impulsivity, and the earlier onset of substance use. Cannabis use during pregnancy is of great concern, and further research is needed to understand and prevent the harmful prenatal and postnatal effects of cannabis.
Quorum Sensing by Super Bugs and their Resistance to Antibiotics, a Short Review
Authors: Goswami Jayita
Published: December 2023

Bacteria’s are the primitive form of the organisms that evolved millions of years ago and still, exist in our society. Like other animals, bacteria’s have the power of sensing or adaptation. It can detect odd, harsh environment and survive accordingly. Quorum sensing is a well-known field that scientists have explored for long years. Bacteria’s flagella can touch and sense odd molecules and escape the harsh living areas. In the adverse situation, they produce spores to survive from drought or any other natural calamities. The cell membrane is a unique part of a bacterial body that protects the nucleic acid from destruction. The nucleic acid is pH sensitive, temperature sensitive and it degrades when cell wall or membrane is absent. Like plants, bacteria also have pores in their membranes. Through these pores, they exchange gas, ions and nutrients and genetic materials. In the adverse situation, they close most of the pores and keep one or two pores open to gather nutrients or to transfer genetic materials. This is how they developed horizontal gene transfer mechanism. Cell fusion is the basic idea of horizontal gene transfer. This is also called asexual reproduction. Bacteria’s developed resistance against quorum quencher molecules too. The mobile genes or the genes in plasmid those are associated with sensory organelles like flagella helps bacteria to develop resistance against molecules. Natural and artificial chemicals have used against quorum sensing and people found success with it.
Betonarme Binaların Mevcut Deprem Performansının Belirlenmesi İçin TBDY-2018’ de Önerilen Doğrusal Hesap Yönteminin Uygulanması Üzerine Bir İrdeleme
Authors: Gokce Tansu , Karayel Varol , Çalım Furkan , Rifai Şahabeddin , Şahin Fatih , Yüksel Ercan
Published: December 2023

Betonarme binaların mevcut deprem güvenliklerinin belirlenmesi için 2018 Bina Deprem Yönetmeliğinde (TBDY-2018) doğrusal ve doğrusal olmayan hesap yöntemleri tanımlanmıştır. İlgili hesap yöntemleri çok sayıda binada uygulandıktan sonra elde edilen tecrübe üç katlı mevcut bir betonarme bina üzerinde sayısal olarak örneklenerek, doğrusal değerlendirme yönteminin çok mu konservatif olduğu sorusuna cevap aranmıştır. İncelenen betonarme binanın deprem performansı TBDY-2018 de önerilen doğrusal elastik yöntem uygulandığında, binanın ‘Kontrollü
Hasar (KH)’ performans seviyesini sağlayamadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Buna karşılık yığılı plastik mafsal kabulü ile 11 adet deprem kaydı kullanılarak zaman tanım alanında gerçekleştirilen doğrusal olmayan analizler ile yayılı şekil değiştirme durumunu esas alan itme analizleri sonucunda binanın, ‘Kontrollü Hasar (KH)’ performans seviyesini sağladığı ortak sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Değerlendirme
farkının, TBDY-2018 Bölüm EK 15.A.2‘de yer alan yer değiştirmiş eksen dönmesi alt başlığındaki (15A.1) denkleminde en alt kat kolonlarında alt uçlarında dönmenin “sıfır (0)” alınmasından kaynaklandığı görüşüne ulaşılmıştır.
Comparison of Classical and Robust Factor Analyses Methods
Authors: Ergül Barış , Yıldız Zeki
Published: December 2023

Factor analysis is a multivariate statistical analysis technique that has become very popular in recent years. In the factor analysis model, the error covariance matrix is assumed to be the multivariate normal distribution, and outliers are likely to be accounted for. Various estimation methods were compared with Monte Carlo simulation for the factor analysis model. The performances of the estimation methods were evaluated based on the ratio of the total variance explained and the criterion fit values. Considering the MLE, PCA, WLS, and GLS methods for classical factor analysis and the MCD, M, and S methods for robust factor analysis, the ratio of total variance explained, and fit values decreased as the sample size increased. When the number of variables increases, the ratio of total variance explained, and fit values increase at different sample sizes. It can be said that the WLS and GLS methods are better than others for classical factor analysis and the MCD and M methods are better than others for robust factor analysis.
The Greatest Common Divisors and The Least Common Multiples in Neutrosophic Integers
Authors: Çeven Yilmaz , Çetin Özlem
Published: December 2023

As a continuation of previous studies, we give some results about the
neutrosophic integers theory. We first stated that the neutrosophic real numbers
are not closed according to the division operation. Later, we gave divisibility
properties of neutrosophic integers. We have given properties such as the greatest
common divisor for two neutrosophic integers being positive and unique. Then, we
gave the Euclid’s Theorem, Bezout’s Theorem for neutrosophic ingers set Z[I]. It is
known that these concepts are important for number theory in integers set Z.
Finally, it is defined the least common multiple for neutrosophic integers. Finally, a
theorem is given which enables one to easily find the least common multiple of
neutrosophic integers and after a conclusion about the sign of the product of two
neutrosophic integers, a theorem is given that shows the relationship of between
the greatest common divisor with the least common multiple
Reserves for Reducing Mortality in Russia in the Context of Its Age and Nosological Characteristics
Authors: Ivanova Alla , Sabgaida Tamara , Semenova Victoria
Published: December 2023

The unattainability of increasing the life expectancy of the Russian population to 78 years within the announced time frame due to the epidemiological (COVID-19 pandemic) and subsequent geopolitical crisis has actualized the task of finding reserves for reducing mortality and concentrating efforts on priority areas. Based on official statistics, we analyzed the dynamics of mortality in the main (15-year, with age up to 1 year) age groups of the population from leading causes of death (causing 3/4 of mortality in the male population and 2/3 in the female population in each age group) for period 2000–2021. We calculated standardized mortality rates (European age structure standard). Mortality caused by alcohol and drugs was assessed collectively, taking into account external causes (poisoning with psychoactive substances, accidental and with uncertain intentions) and psychosomatic pathologies. When analyzing mortality from diseases of the circulatory system we distinguish acute and chronic forms of pathologies, since they are determined by various risk factors. There are reserves for increasing life expectancy at all ages due to a decrease in mortality from socially determined and preventable causes, but the main risk group is the most demographically and economically significant age stratum of 30–44-year-olds, the mortality rate in which (due to losses due to alcoholism and its consequences, HIV/AIDS, injuries of uncertain intent and ill-defined conditions) indicate persistent marginalization. In turn, this once again emphasizes that without the policy to reduce mortality going beyond healthcare, its effectiveness will be extremely low. A necessary condition for developing effective policies is the reliability and quality of information. Meanwhile, the general problem of accounting for the mortality of the Russian population, regardless of age, is the problem of diagnostic quality, as evidenced by the abnormally high level and contribution of losses from vague, uncertain and unidentified causes. The scope of application of the results obtained is their use to adjust the goals, priorities and system of measures in national projects aimed at increasing life expectancy. Directions for future research are related to the analysis of differentiation of mortality from the main causes from the social status of the deceased.
Basic Calculated Hydrological Characteristics of Surface Runoff Treatment Systems in the North-Western Region of Russia
Authors: Kanciber Yuriy , Ponomarev Andrey , Shtykov Valeriy
Published: December 2023

Purpose: The normative and methodological documents in Russia regarding the treatment of surface runoff from residential areas do not provide explanations on the effectiveness of the treatment system from the point of view of the possibility of pollution of water bodies they allow. The probability of pollution and the dilution ratio of untreated wastewater have not been studied. The goal is to develop a method for determining the hydrological characteristics of the runoff necessary for the probabilistic assessment of dilution factors, permissible concentrations and discharges of contaminated surface waters. Methods: Based on observational data from fourteen weather stations in the North-West of Russia, the probabilistic relationship between the characteristics of runoff from built-up areas and the receiving river has been studied, taking into account the basics of probability theory and hydrological calculations of minimum runoff. Calculations have been carried out and the dependence of the number of days with precipitation and their relative amount in the warm period of the year on the maximum daily precipitation layer has been established. A mathematical relationship has been found between the frequency of rain and the number of possible cases of pollution of a water body. Results: A method has been developed for calculating the probable values of precipitation characteristics, minimum water runoff in the receiving river and the dilution factor of pollutants depending on the permissible frequency of negative consequences from river water pollution and the correlation coefficient of the probability of minimum water flow from built-up areas and in the receiving river. Practical significance: The method for calculating the hydrological characteristics of runoff will make it possible to more reasonably and accurately determine the required degree of wastewater treatment, the productivity and parameters of treatment facilities, and in some cases, to reduce the degree of pollution of watercourses.
The Use of Neural Network Technologies Using the Example of the Domestic Software Platform DeepTalk in the Educational Process of PGUPS at the Department “Information and Computing Systems”
Authors: Ermakov Sergey , Shed'ko Natal'ya
Published: December 2023

Purpose: To develop a methodology for using artificial intelligence to solve the problem of intensifying the process of developing students’ professional competencies. To show the need to improve teaching technologies due to a reduction in classroom time allocated to general education disciplines when reconfiguring the curricula for training specialists. To consider the issue of rethinking the effectiveness of the existing distance learning system (DLS) as a means of rationalizing educational procedures in connection with the continuing risk of students acquiring only a minimum level of knowledge due to the use of template electronic demonstration materials in the DLS. Methods: To achieve the stated goals, data from the analysis of the results of the implementation of the “Digital Teacher” (DT) product, developed on the basis of the domestic DeepTalk platform, into the educational process of the ICS Department are used. An algorithm for training a neural network as a mathematical core of the DT has been developed. When used at the first stages of loading the DT with text and presentation materials, the principle of randomization of logically related queries, answers and comments from teachers on lectures and practical assignments is implemented. Results: A technique for iterative adjustment of the DT has been developed and tested when increasing the array of situational data with the following elimination of the contradiction between the requirement for representativeness and the initially small volume of the generated training sample. Practical significance: The creation of a developed neural network product is the first step in the deployment of the University’s digital services system, the hierarchical structure of which according to areas of training, qualifications and specializations should include “Digital Teacher”, “Digital Applicant Curator” and other similar products. The introduction of DT into providing teaching in senior years will contribute to the formation of the student’s individual educational trajectory and the development of his cognitive abilities. Further, in the course of obtaining additional professional education, the use of DeepTalk will ensure the acquisition of skills in interacting with AI, used as a means of supporting decision-making under conditions of uncertainty. DeepTalk allows you to assess the predisposition of applicants to the main types of professional activities at JSCo “Russian Railways”.
Conocimientos de la población sobre las medidas de prevención y detección de COVID-19
Authors: Rodríguez-González Ana-María
Published: December 2023

Introducción: La pandemia COVID-19 impulsó una demanda de información en cuanto a protocolos de actuación y medidas a seguir por la población. Objetivos: Describir y explorar las percepciones de la población acerca de las medidas para la detección y prevención de contagios por SARS-CoV-2, a partir de los comentarios realizados en una red social. Métodos: Investigación con diseño cualitativo descriptivo y transversal. La técnica de recolección de datos fueron los comentarios surgidos a partir de una publicación realizada en el perfil del centro de salud Altamira en Facebook. El método de análisis de los resultados se encuadra dentro de la teoría fenomenológica. Resultados: La publicación realizada el 14 de agosto de 2020 se compartió más de 11.400 veces con 437 comentarios. En ellos se detectaron cuatro categorías que expresan las opiniones de la población y que aglutinan otras subunidades de significado: 1º opinión sobre los cambios de protocolos; 2º aplicación de las medidas ante un posible caso; 3º dificultades para comprender los pasos a seguir; 4º dificultades relativas al centro de salud de atención primaria. Conclusiones: Se pone de manifiesto la importancia de trasladar al público información clara y comprensible de las medidas a realizar, especialmente en un contexto de pandemia.
Efectos de las redes sociales en la salud mental durante la pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Cambronero-Saiz Belén , Gómez-Nieto Begoña , Segarra-Saavedra Jesús
Published: December 2023

Introducción: paulatinamente se han publicado trabajos empíricos sobre el uso de redes sociales y salud mental, por lo que resulta fundamental conocerlos en el marco de la COVID-19 dado el uso que se hizo de las redes sociales y los problemas mentales que se derivaron de la pandemia mundial. Objetivo: analizar los 91 artículos empíricos indexados en PubMed y WoS que investigaron las manifestaciones de problemas de salud mental en redes sociales (RR.SS.) y su relación con la COVID-19. Metodología: el estudio utiliza la revisión bibliográfica y contempla el tópico de salud mental analizado, objetivo del artículo, metodología, región y país del estudio, conclusiones y su valencia. Resultados: Asia y Norteamérica fueron las regiones que más artículos publicaron. Las RR.SS. más estudiadas fueron Twitter (37,4%), Facebook (17,6%) y WeChat (14,3%). Twitter, Facebook o Instagram fueron valoradas positivamente como herramientas informativas (91%, 80% y 83,3% respectivamente), mientras que en WeChat y Weibo los porcentajes se reducen (45,6% y 50%). Conclusión: la mayoría de los artículos ha destacado el uso positivo de las RR.SS. como herramientas informativas que ayudaron a obtener información en tiempo real sobre planes y medidas gubernamentales, lo que redujo el estrés provocado por la incertidumbre de la COVID-19.
Los derechos del colectivo LGBTIQ+ en el sistema universal de protección de derechos humanos. Una revisión legal mediante el uso del enfoque basado en derechos
Authors: Martínez Ventoso Santiago
Published: December 2023

Partiendo de la constatación de que el colectivo LGBTIQ+ sufre un contexto de discriminación y opresión sistemáticas, este artículo busca dar respuesta a este contexto desde el sistema universal de protección de derechos. Para ello, se explican los principios de igualdad y no discriminación como punto de partida para justificar un enfoque basado en derechos como la metodología pertinente para realizar una revisión de las provisiones específicas aplicables al colectivo LGBTIQ+ y realizar una propuesta de mejora, que incluye la aprobación de un tratado específico que sirva para corregir la situación.
Aproximações entre Santo Daime e ambientalismo nos fluxos das religiões globais
Authors: Valamiel Paulina
Published: December 2023

Neste artigo, analiso as aproximações entre o Santo Daime e o ambientalismo, entendendo tal relação como parte importante do processo de transnacionalização dessa religião. A partir da identificação de uma importante característica estrutural desta religião, a ecologicidade, foi possível observar como o Santo Daime tem se acomodado nos fluxos das religiões globais, em alguns casos, como em Portugal, acionando elementos do movimento ambientalista como forma de legitimação de sua presença em um novo contexto. Os dados que aqui serão analisados constituem parte de minhas pesquisas, realizadas desde a graduação até o doutorado, sobre a transnacionalização da religião daimista. Nestas pesquisas foram utilizadas as técnicas de observação participante em grupos daimistas no Brasil e em Portugal, além de entrevistas semiestruturadas e em profundidade com daimistas que praticam sua religião fora de seu contexto de origem.
Aplicações da inteligência artificial no combate à COVID-19
Authors: Melo Daniel Reis Armond de , Vilela Junior Dalton Chaves , Rodrigues Lana Goncalves , Pereira Karla Susiane dos Santos
Published: December 2023

A pandemia da COVID-19 e o consequente crescimento de pesquisas científicas e tecnológicas para combatê-la apresenta desafios para os pesquisadores que precisam acompanhar o conhecimento produzido dentro dessa temática. Dentre essas tecnologias de suporte está a Inteligência Artificial (IA) e suas aplicações. Este artigo realizou uma prospecção tecnológica com objetivo de descrever o panorama tecnológico das aplicações da IA no combate à COVID-19. Foram analisadas 350 famílias de patentes que foram organizadas por categorias tecnológicas. Ficou demonstrada a prevalência de depósitos de patentes da Índia, China e Estados Unidos. Não foi percebida a colaboração entre países e organizações inovadoras, diferentemente do que se verificou em colaborações acadêmicas em estudos anteriores. Verificou-se a predominância das tecnologias nas áreas decomputação e medicina, ou seja, TICs adaptadas para o tratamento ou processamento de dados médicos com foco em identificação, triagem, diagnóstico e previsão de novos focos de epidemia.
Factors determining the path of digital technologies adoption of Brazilian industrial firms
Authors: Ruiz Ana Urraca , Torraca Julia , Britto Jorge , Ferraz João Carlos
Published: December 2023

Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar os principais fatores que afetam a adoção de tecnologias digitais por 299 empresas industriais brasileiras pesquisadas em 2017 e 2019/20. Usando um modelo probabilístico, foi estimada a probabilidade de características organizacionais, tecnológicas e do ambiente da firma afetarem à decisão de adotar estas tecnologias entre os períodos. O estudo revela que a adoção avançou, mas ainda é incipiente no Brasil. Os resultados econométricos apontam que a adoção atual, o tamanho, pertencer a indústrias de alta intensidade digital, ser exportador e a formação têm um efeito significativo e positivo na adoção. No entanto, a qualificação de habilidades tem um efeito negativo. Esse resultado sugere que a qualificação em tecnologias antigas pode ser mais uma restrição (lock-in) do que um pré-requisito para a digitalização. Essas descobertas devem ser colocadas dentro de condições estruturais econômicas adversas ao crescimento e hostis ao investimento, nas quais as empresas possam reagir em qualquer direção: avançar para sobreviver; permanecer firme para enfrentar a incerteza ou retroceder defensivamente.
A extensão Universitária como um caminho para a Inovação Social
Authors: Klaumann Ana Paula , Tatsch Ana Lúcia
Published: December 2023

Inovações sociais intentam dar respostas às necessidades e problemas sociais, expandindo os instrumentos e as capacidades para a participação dos agentes na construção de soluções, potencialmente partindo da colaboração de diversos agentes, organizações e instituições. As universidades desempenham papéis ativos no contexto dessas inovações, relacionando-se às demandas da sociedade. Investiga-se como as universidades desempenham esses papéis, objetivando observar a extensão universitária na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Aplicou-se um questionário focalizado em uma amostra de ações de extensão. As ações mapeadas contribuem para a formulação/operacionalização de inovações de caráter social, corroborando o entendimento de que universidades exercem importantes papéis nesse contexto. Contribuem, principalmente, para a provisão de recursos e de soluções para a comunidade envolvida no projeto.
Introdução à seção especial sobre a digitalização na indústria
Authors: Tigre Paulo Bastos , Cario Silvio
Published: December 2023

Este texto apresenta a seção especial da RBI sobre o processo de adoção de tecnologias digitais e seus impactos na indústria manufatureira de cinco países em desenvolvimento. Com base nos resultados de pesquisas realizadas entre 2017 e 2022 por pesquisadores da área de Economia Industrial e da Tecnologia de diferentes instituições brasileiras e estrangeiras, com o apoio da Confederação Nacional da Indústria (CNI), do Banco Interamericano de Desenvolvimento (BID/INTAL) e da Agência das Nações Unidas para o Desenvolvimento Industrial (UNIDO), os artigos avaliam trajetórias de difusão, identificam as macrotendências e os impactos na inserção em cadeias produtivas globais, bem como analisam as oportunidades e os desafios enfrentados pelas empresas manufatureiras de países em desenvolvimento para incorporar tecnologias digitais em suas práticas produtivas, organizacionais e comerciais. Os trabalhos mostram que a adoção de novas tecnologias digitais depende fundamentalmente das capacitações técnicas existentes na empresa, assim como da visão de futuro de seus dirigentes. Em síntese, revelam como a heterogeneidade estrutural existente entre empresas formais e informais, setores econômicos, regiões geográficas e porte das organizações reforça o hiato na difusão de novas tecnologias e conduz a um provável aumento na concentração econômica em favor de empresas mais capacitadas para explorar as oportunidades das tecnologias digitais.
State of the art in determining the optimal reverse logistics network for your product
Authors: Tan Albert Wee Kwan , Kwa Philip Teow Huat , Chanchaichujit Janya
Published: December 2023

The primary focus of this study is to explore and answer the following research question: “In what ways can organizations enhance the efficiency and responsiveness of their reverse logistics network design?” The study presents a conceptual framework that the authors have built, incorporating several essential variables to guide the process of network design. The conceptual framework for reverse logistics networks has been developed by conducting an analysis of the fundamental factors that influence network design decisions. This paradigm facilitates the decision-making process for firms when considering the centralization or decentralization of their reverse logistics operations and the outsourcing or insourcing of specific operational aspects. Moreover, the authors have discovered and highlighted relevant literature that exhibits strong alignment with our proposed framework, hence offering useful insights for decision-making in the domain of reverse logistics network design. Within our framework, two crucial dimensions are considered at each stage: the choice between internal processing vs . outsourcing and the decision to centralize or decentralize operations. With consideration of the factors noted above, this paper proposes a mixed integer linear programming model for the design of a reverse logistics network. This model aims to minimize the total cost at each stage of reverse logistics operations.
Frequency and behavioural accounts of interspecific interactions between a breeding pair of Eastern Ospreys Pandion haliaetus cristatus and other bird
Authors:   59 Goulburn Street, Sydney NSW 2000, Australia, Mo Matthew
Published: December 2023

Eastern Ospreys Pandion haliaetus cristatus at a nest in Kingscliff, New South Wales, were observed over three mornings, during which five bird species were recorded in interspecific interactions. Activity across observation periods ranged from 9.3 to 23.3 interactions per hour. The Torresian Crow Corvus orru was involved in 77% of interactions, mostly Crows and Ospreys eyeing each other from close stationary positions, though Crows investigating the nest, swooping on Ospreys and chasing them in flight were also recorded. In other interactions, Willie Wagtails Rhipidura leucophrys were recorded swooping Ospreys, eyeing them at close proximity, and investigating their nest, and Magpie-larks Grallina cyanoleuca were recorded descending on the nest and swooping on Ospreys. Only two interactions involved the Blue-faced Honeyeater Entomyzon cyanotis, in which an individual investigated the Osprey nest. Only one interaction involved an Australian Magpie Gymnorhina tibicen, in which a Magpie flying past the nest was briefly pursued by an Osprey.