bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Precision Medicine: Trends In Perinatal Gynecology
Authors: Kurjak Asim
Published: September 2024

The Kurjak Antenatal Neurodevelopmental Test (KANET) has revolutionized prenatal care and fetal neurology by providing a non-invasive method to assess fetal neurodevelopment using fourdimensional ultrasound (4D US). Over the past ten years, KANET has been widely implemented across various clinical settings, enabling the early detection of neurodevelopmental disorders. This early identifi cation is crucial for timely intervention and improved long-term outcomes. KANET standardizes the assessment of fetal neurological function, off ering a structured and objective approach that enhances our understanding of fetal behavior and its implications for postnatal development. While KANET demonstrates high specifi city and a low false-negative rate, its sensitivity in detecting specifi c conditions like cerebral palsy (CP) remains limited. The test’s widespread use has not only informed clinical management strategies but also promoted further research into prenatal neurodevelopment and potential prenatal interventions. Recent studies highlight diff erences in fetal behavior in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes, suggesting the potential for KANET to inform future neurodevelopmental outcomes. Continued research and refi nement of KANET are essential to enhance its predictive accuracy and ensure comprehensive postnatal follow-up.
Comparison of Postoperative Morbidity Between Two Tension-Free Hernioplasty Techniques: With Mesh versus Without Mesh
Authors: Kulo Adnan , Kulo Diela , Sukic-Karalic Ramajana , Hodžić Edin , Holjan Sandin , Sarajlic Lana , Bajramagic Salem
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Although inguinal hernia surgery is the most common surgical procedure worldwide, the best surgical method is still not universally accepted. The Lichtenstein technique is considered the gold standard, although it also has its limitations. Therefore, there is still a need for new techniques, such as the Desarda technique. The aim of this article is to evaluate and compare the postoperative morbidity of two tension-free techniques for inguinal canal pla-stic surgery with and without the use of mesh. Methods. This prospective randomized clinical study was conducted at the Clinic for General and Abdominal Surgery of the Clinical Center of the University of Sarajevo from January 2017 to December 2022. The study included 60 patients with primary inguinal hernia who met the predeﬁ ned inclusion and exclusion criteria and were randomly allocated into two equal groups: 30 patients operated on by the Desarda technique and 30 patients operated on by the Lichten-stein technique. Results: The following parameters showed a statistically signiﬁ cant diﬀ erence in favor of the Desarda operative technique: shorter hospitalization, lower level of postoperative pain, faster achievement of early physical activity, lesser amount of analgesic consumption, earlier return to regular daily and work activities, and absence of chronic inguinal pain. Postoperative morbidity was more frequent in the Lichtenstein group, but likely due to the small sample size, this diﬀ e-rence remained statistically insigniﬁ cant. Conclusion: Patients operated on by the Desarda method exhibited signiﬁ cantly lower levels and frequencies of postoperative pain, faster postoperative recovery, and return to usual daily and work activities.
AI in Perinatal Medicine and Human Reproduction: Artificial IntelligenceAI in Perinatal Medicine and Human Reproduction: Is it “The End of the Beginning” or “The Beginning of the End”?
Authors: Stanojevic Milan , Kurjak Asim , Medjedovic Edin
Published: September 2024

The paper explores the evolving role of Artiﬁcial Intelligence (AI) in perinatal medicine and hu-man reproduction, highlighting its potential to transform clinical practices. AI technologies are being utilized to improve diagnostic accuracy, personalize treatment, and enhance patient care, particularly in areas like perinatal ultrasound, fetal heart rate monitoring, and fetal neurology. The Kurjak Antenatal Neurodevelopmental Test (KANET) exempliﬁes how AI can aid early detection of neurodevelopmental disorders. However, the integration of AI presents challenges such as data quality concerns, algorithmic bias, ethical concerns, and the need for robust regulatory frameworks. The authors argue that while AI oﬀers signiﬁcant opportunities, its implementation must be carefully managed to avoid over-reliance on technology and ensure equitable healthcare access. The paper concludes that the current state of AI in this ﬁeld marks not an endpoint but a critical phase of growth and development, necessitating a balanced approach that combines innovation with ethical and practical considerations.
Efektivitas Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran Flashcard dalam Keterampilan Menulis Aksara Sunda Siswa Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Authors: Zakiyah Suci
Published: September 2024

The ability to write Sundanese script has received serious attention because it is related to the preservation of intangible cultural heritage, many of the MI level students who cannot write Sundanese script do not even know what Sundanese script is like. Implementation of learning to write Sundanese script in MI can be carried out using flashcard learning media. The formulation of the problem in this study in general is "How is the effectiveness of using flashcard learning media in writing skills in Sundanese script for MI students?". The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the use of flashcard learning media in the writing skills of the MI students in Sundanese script. The research to be carried out is a qualitative research with data collection techniques of observation, questionnaires, and tests. The instruments used in this study were test sheets and observation sheets. The form of this research is qualitative research, the population and sample in this study are fifth grade students at MI Miftahul Huda, Tasikmalaya City. The results of this study indicate that many students find it helpful in learning to write, as evidenced by 90% of students who can write with a guide and 65% of students can write a guide without a guide, but 95% of students can write their identity with Sundanese script without looking at the guide.
KEMAMPUAN ANALISIS DATA PENELITIAN MAHASISWA FAKULTAS TARBIYAH INSTITUT AGAMA ISLAM TASIKMALAYA BERBANTUAN SOFTWARE STATISTICAL PRODUCT AND SERVICE SOLUTIONS (SPSS)
Authors: Rohman Taufik
Published: September 2024

Data analysis is the process of processing data with the aim of finding useful information that can be used as a basis for making decisions to solve a problem. This analysis process includes activities of grouping data based on its characteristics, performing data cleaning, transforming data, creating data models to find important information from the data. Do not forget that data that has gone through this process must be presented in an attractive and easy-to-understand form by others in the form of output tables, graphs or plots. The ability to analyze data is one of the skills that must be possessed by students of the Tarbiyah Faculty of IAI Tasikmalaya. Students are facilitated by learning data analysis with the help of Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) software in statistics courses. This study aims to analyze students' abilities in conducting SPSS-assisted research data analysis. This research was conducted on Tarbiyah Faculty IAI Tasikmalaya students who contracted a statistics course. The sample is determined by purposive sampling. Data was collected during January 2023. Student ability data was collected through assignment results. The level of ability is determined based on the degree of mastery with a range of 0 – 100 and grades A – E. This value is interpreted into 5 categories. Other data collected is student responses to their learning experiences. Data analysis used descriptive statistics to determine the degree of mastery, average and proportion. The findings from this study were that students were able to perform SPSS-assisted research data analysis in the good category. These findings indicate that students are ready to complete their thesis from the aspect of data analysis.
ANALISIS MODEL COOPERATIVE INTEGRATED READING AND COMPOSITION (CIRC) TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH (MI)
Authors: Yuningsih Nina
Published: September 2024

Peningkatan efektivitas dalam pengajaran membaca sangat diperlukan  bahkan hal yang sangat penting dalam proses belajar dan pembelajaran karena membaca adalah jantungnya Pendidikan. Salah satu metode pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan efektivitas membaca adalah Cooperative Integrated Reading Composition (CIRC). Metode CIRC merupakan salah satu metode kooperatif yang fokus pada menekankan pengembangan kemampuan membaca dan menulis siswa. Dalam pelaksanaan nya metode CIRC membantu siswa dalam memahami sebuah bacaan dengan cara berkelompok. Setiap anggota kelompok saling bertukar pikiran dengan teman lain, sehingga siswa aktif dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Tahap-tahap dalam pelaksanaan metode CIRC diawali dengan mengidentifikasi topik dan mengorganisasikan dalam kelompok kerja (kelompok pembahasan topik yang dipilih), kemudian merencanakan tugas kegiatan kelompok, melaksanakan pembelajaran (mengumpulkan informasi dan menganalisis data untuk mencapai kesimpulan), mempersiapkan laporan akhir (menentukan pesan yang terkandung dalam kegiatan pembelajaran), evaluasi kegiatan pembelajaran yang telah dilaksanakan. Rumusan masalah yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimanakah penerapan metode Penggunaan Metode CIRC untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Siswa Madrasah Ibtidaiyah? dan  apakah penerapan metode CIRC mampu Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Siswa Madrasah Ibtidaiyah? Untuk menemukan solusi dari permasalahan tersebut, peneliti mengadakan analisis dengan menggunakan desain Penelitian kualitatif. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah peneliti analisis, secara menyeluruh dapat diketahui bahwa penerapan metode CIRC Ini sangat membantu siswa dalam meningkatkan kemampuan membaca. Hal ini dapat diketahui dari hasil akhir evaluasi yang menunjuk kan peningkatan pada kompetensi membaca siswa serta hasil belajar siswa yang mengalami peningkatan.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM HẠT GIỐNG VÀ PHƯƠNG PHÁP BẢO QUẢN, XỬ LÝ HẠT GIỐNG TÔ HẠP ĐIỆN BIÊN (Altingia siamensis Craib)
Authors: Hùng Nguyễn Văn , Nguyễn Hải Hòa , Hà Văn Tiệp , Lê Anh Thanh , Lò Thị Kiều , Vũ Văn Tuân , Phan Thị Thanh Huyền
Published: September 2024

TÓM TẮT
Tô hạp điện biên là cây bản địa gỗ lớn, bên cạnh đó còn có nhiều giá trị khác như làm thuốc, làm thực phẩm, dùng trong công nghiệp mỹ phẩm. Kết quả nghiên cứu về đặc điểm hạt giống, phương pháp xử lý hạt giống và bảo quản hạt giống là các chỉ tiêu quan trọng tác động trực tiếp đến khả năng nảy mầm của hạt giống đối với loài cây Tô hạp điện biên. Hạt giống cây Tô hạp điện biên khi chín chuyển từ màu xanh sang màu nâu đậm và đầu các nang quả mở lỗ để hạt phát tán nhờ gió. Quả bắt đầu chín từ tháng 12 và rộ vào tháng 2 năm sau. Kích thước quả chiều rộng 16,9 - 17,5 mm, chiều dài 19,4 - 20,2 mm; kích thước hạt chiều rộng 2,1 - 2,3mm, chiều dài 6,3 - 6,9 mm, quả và hạt khá đồng đều; khối lượng 1.000 hạt dao động từ 4,7 - 4,9 g, 1 kg hạt có khoảng 20.000 - 22.000 hạt; độ thuần hạt giống từ 72,1 - 72,9%, thời gian bắt đầu nảy mầm từ ngày thứ 2 và kết thúc nảy mầm 22,3 ngày; độ ẩm hạt giống 7,7% là hạt ưa khô. Phương pháp bảo quản lạnh hạt Tô hạp điện biên ở nhiệt độ - 5oC cho tỷ lệ nảy mầm cao nhất, bảo quản lạnh trong thời gian 30 ngày hạt cho tỷ lệ nảy mầm cao nhất; xử lý hạt giống ở nhiệt độ 40oC cho tỷ lệ nảy mầm cao nhất, đạt 58,7%.
NGHIÊN CỨU THỬ NGHIỆM BIỆN PHÁP PHÒNG TRỪ BỆNH CHÁY LÁ CÂY QUẾ (Cinnamomum cassia Presl) Ở VƯỜN ƯƠM TẠI HUYỆN TRÀNG ĐỊNH, TỈNH LẠNG SƠN
Authors: Trần Anh Tuấn , Trần Thanh Trăng , Nguyễn Thị Minh Hằng Hằng , Lã Thị Bích Ngọc Ngọc , Nguyễn Mạnh Hà Hà
Published: September 2024

Quế là loài cây trồng lâm nghiệp chính, có giá trị kinh tế và dược liệu cao. Rừng trồng quế đã đóng góp giá trị sản xuất lớn cho người dân ở tỉnh Lạng Sơn nói chung và huyện Tràng Định nói riêng. Cây quế con ở nhiều vườn ươm quế ở Lạng Sơn đang bị bệnh cháy lá tấn công, có thể làm cho cây con bị chết hoặc suy giảm chất lượng cây quế trước khi xuất vườn trồng rừng. Nghiên cứu này nhằm xác định loài bệnh chính gây hại lá quế ở vườn ươm và những biện pháp phòng trừ bệnh quy mô phòng thí nghiệm và vườn ươm làm cơ sở cho cho việc quản lý bệnh hại cây quế giai đoạn vườn ươm ở tỉnh Lạng Sơn. Kết quả xác định được tác nhân chính gây bệnh cháy lá quế là do nấm Diaporthe eucalyptorum, các biện pháp phòng trừ bệnh cháy lá cây quế ở vườn ươm huyện Tràng Định, tỉnh Lạng Sơn được xác định. Hiệu lực phòng trừ của các biện pháp phòng trừ có sự khác biệt. Thuốc sinh học có khả năng phòng trừ nấm gây bệnh cháy lá cao nhất là Trichoderma với hiệu lực phòng trừ 76,13%. Thuốc hóa học có khả năng phòng trừ nấm gây bệnh cháy lá cao nhất có hoạt chất Propiconazole + Difenoconazole với hiệu lực phòng trừ 80,47%. Đây là các loại thuốc có hiệu quả phòng trừ cao nhằm giảm thiểu tỷ lệ bị bệnh cháy lá và mức độ bị bệnh cháy lá của cây quế con tại vườn ươm.
MỘT SỐ ĐẶC ĐIỂM SINH HỌC CỦA LOÀI SÂU ĐO ĂN LÁ Pogonopygia nigralbata Warren (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Ennominae) GÂY HẠI CÂY HỒI TẠI TỈNH BẮC KẠN
Authors: Nguyen Van Thanh , Lê Văn Bình Bình
Published: September 2024

Illicium verum is a non-timber forest product, which is widely cultivated in Vietnam. A leaf-feeder, Pogonopygia nigralbata Warren is a moth (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Ennominae), has caused significant damage to plantations of this plant species in Bac Kan province. Field surveys in 2023 found P. nigralbata damage to I. verum in the districts of Cho Moi and Bach Thong, with a damage incidence (P%) ranging from 33.7% to 69.5% and an average damage index (DI) from 0.75 to 1.72. The life cycle spans 69 - 96 days, with overwintering occurring in the larval stage. Females lay 60 - 97 eggs during an oviposition period of 9 - 13 days. The larval and pupal stages last 32 - 46 days and 23 - 30 days, respectively. Adults survive for 12 - 23 days, with a longevity of 4 - 6 days. This pest should be researched in detail and included in future forest health monitoring programs in Bac Kan to determine its suitable mangement approaches.
THỰC TRẠNG QUÁ TRÌNH TÍCH TỤ, TẬP TRUNG ĐẤT NÔNG, LÂM NGHIỆP ĐỂ SẢN XUẤT NÔNG NGHIỆP BỀN VỮNG TẠI HUYỆN MAI SƠN, TỈNH SƠN LA
Authors: Đoàn Hương Giang , Nguyễn Thị Hà Thanh Thanh , Trần Văn Tuấn Tuấn
Published: September 2024

Việt Nam đang trên đà công nghiệp hóa, đô thị hóa nhanh chóng nhưng ngành nông nghiệp vẫn giữ vị trí quan trọng trong nền kinh tế. Đảng và Nhà nước luôn đặc biệt quan tâm đến tái cơ cấu sản xuất nông nghiệp, phát triển nông nghiệp quy mô lớn, trong đó huyện Mai Sơn, tỉnh Sơn La là một huyện miền núi ở Tây Bắc Việt Nam, nơi sinh sống của nhiều đồng bào dân tộc với tập quán canh tác truyền thống. Các hình thức tích tụ, tập trung đất nông, lâm nghiệp ở huyện Mai Sơn gồm bốn hình thức chủ yếu. Những khó khăn, thách thức tác động đến quá trình tích tụ, tập trung đất nông, lâm nghiệp đó là: (i) Các chính sách về đất đai; (ii) Phương thức canh tác truyền thống, lạc hậu; (iii) Lực lượng lao động và trình độ lao động còn thấp. Kết quả khảo sát nông hộ đối với các chỉ tiêu về sự phù hợp trong hình thức, quy mô, chính sách tích tụ, tập trung đất nông, lâm nghiệp đều đạt tỷ lệ khá cao, dao động từ 45 - 70%.
Küresel Tehditler Karşısında Bireyi ve Toplumu Korumada Ailenin Rolüne Psiko-Sosyal Bir Bakış
Authors: Akdoğan Ali , Akdoğan Tuba
Published: September 2024

İnsanlığın başlangıcından günümüze, insanı tehdit eden pek çok psiko-sosyal etkenler bulunmaktadır. Aslında insan, dünyaya doğmakla bir mücadelenin - olma ya da yok olma mücadelesinin – içerisine doğmaktadır. Bu anlamda dünya, insana iyi ve kötü, faydalı ve zararlı, fırsatlar ya da tehditler şeklinde bir ortam sunmaktadır. Tam bu noktada insan, çocukluğundan ömrünün sonuna değin ilgiye, bilgiye, dayanağa ve çevresel faktörlerin yardımına muhtaç bir konumda bulunmaktadır. Zira insanın varlığını sürdürebilmesi açısından söz konusu katkılar, insanın hayata tutunmasının yardımcı faktörleri olarak işlev görmektedir. Bu dayanaklardan mahrum kalan insan, diğer bir ifadeyle kendisini çevreleyen ve kuşatan yardımlardan mahrum kaldığında tehditler onu beklemektedir. Özellikle günümüzde insanı ciddi anlamda ağına düşürme tehlikesi bulunan küresel tehditler söz konusu olduğunda aile, en temel kuşatıcı, koruyucu ve hayat verici bir sığınak olarak insanı hayata bağlamakta ve onun varlığını sürdürmesinde maddi ve manevi güç kaynağı olmaktadır.
Bu çalışmada yaşadığımız çağda nelerin küresel bir tehdit olarak algılandığı, küresel tehdit olarak algılanan durumların bireyi ve toplumu nasıl etkilediği ve bu tehditler karşısında ailenin nasıl bir işlevi olduğu tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu çalışma kartopu örneklem modeli ile nitel görüşmeler yapılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Gönüllülük esasına göre biçimlendirilen çalışmada 14 kadın ve 6 erkek olmak üzere toplamda 20 kişiye yarı yapılandırılmış sorular yöneltilmiştir. Sonuç olarak bireyi ve toplumu tehdit eden faktörlerin öncelikle internet, telefon, tablet, televizyon gibi teknolojik aletler, cinsiyetsizleştirme, LGBT propagandaları ve akran zorbalığı olduğu görülmüştür. Bu tehditlerin çocuklar üzerinde de pek çok olumsuz etkileri olduğu bulgularla ortaya konmuştur. Ayrıca çalışma verileri incelendiğinde bireyi ve toplumu koruma noktasında ailenin önemli bir rolü olduğu da belirlenmiştir.
Aposentadoria como instrumento concretizador do direito ao descanso decente
Authors: Sousa Danielly Melo Alves de , Araújo Jailton Macena de
Published: September 2024

A sociedade hiperconectada e hiperprodutiva que foi delineada pelo capitalismo pós-Segunda Guerra tem gerado um contingente de pessoas psicologicamente cansadas e mentalmente adoecidas. Essa constante necessidade de estar sempre produzindo faz emergir a necessidade de se reconhecer um direito ao descanso decente como corolário ao direito do trabalho. Afinal, só descansa quem se cansou e geralmente se cansa em razão do trabalho. Além do mais, o trabalho só pode ser considerado decente se ele permite ao trabalhador a possibilidade de descansar. Nessa perspectiva é que o presente artigo busca apresentar argumentos para que a aposentadoria possa ser considerada uma forma de concretizar o direito ao descanso decente.
PERAN ORANG TUA SEBAGAI PENDIDIK DALAM KELUARGA: Studi Teologi Praktika Terhadap Peran Orang Tua dalam Memelihara Budi Pekerti Menurut Kearifan Lokal di Jemaat Maranatha Rantelemo
Authors: Lius
Published: September 2024

Masuknya sinyal di Rantelemo pada tahun 2020 sangat berdampak baik bagi masyarakat setempat selain memberikan informasi lebih cepat juga makin memperkaya mereka. Akan tetapi, sisi lain menambah pergumulan orang tua dimana anak-anak mereka suka menghabiskan waktu untuk main handphone bahkan beberapa diantaranya menyalagunakan internet serta sopan santu anak sudah mulai diabaikan. Maka penulisan skripsi ini bertujuan untuk meneliti persoalan yang ada di Jemaat Maranatha Rantelemo dengan melakukan metode penelitian kualitatif. Penulis ingin mengetahui tentang praktik PAK dalam keluarga oleh orang tua, menggali prlikau anak sebagai budi pekerti, serta memberikan usulan yang bagi orang tua Kristen masa kini dalam meningkatkan upaya-upaya nyata praktik PAK dalam keluarga.
Hasil penelitian melalui kajian terhadap peran orang tua memberikan relevansi bagi orang tua di Jemaat Maranatha Rantelemo agar mampu menjadi pendidik yang berkualitas dan berupaya menerapkan praktik PAK dalam keluarga. Hasil penelitian diharapkan bahwa pendidikan iman Kristen yang pertama dan utama adalah dimulai dari rumah dengan orang tua sebagai model teladan bagi keluarga.
Enhancing Medical Education Through Online Technologies: Investigating Adoption, Impact, and Optimization Strategies
Authors: Rahimi Behnaz , Halimi Yalda , Ghiasi Zaynab , Afifi Sara , Quraishi Tamanna , Hakimi Musawer
Published: September 2024

Online technology' inclusion into medical education has transformed teaching strategies in recent years and offers fresh chances to improve learning environments and meet the changing needs of students and teachers. This study uses a thorough evaluation of the literature and empirical data to investigate, via online medical education, adoption, impact, and optimization tactics. The aim is to find important elements influencing their adoption, study the efficacy of online technologies in teaching medical topics, and suggest ways of best using them. Data was gathered from 120 people—including lecturers and students—across several departments of Rao University using a mixed-methods methodology. The results show notable good opinions on the usage of online learning technology; among medical teachers, Google Classroom is becoming the favored platform. Still, two main shortcomings were found to be technological problems and a lack of practical expertise. The findings lead to suggestions on how to make online medical education more effective: better access to materials, interactive learning settings, and addressing of communication restrictions among other things. All things considered, this study adds to the body of knowledge already in use by shedding light on the state of online medical education presently and by making doable suggestions for future expansion and application.
The intervention of Islamic Religious Education Teachers in Puberty Assistance: NVIVO Analysis
Authors: Faqihuddin Achmad , Muflih Abdillah , Syarifudin Iif , Romadhon Fajar , Sholachuddin Al-Ayyubi
Published: September 2024

This research explores the role of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers in accompanying students during puberty, a critical transition phase in the lives of Muslim adolescents that involves significant physical, emotional, and spiritual changes. Appropriate assistance during this period is crucial to help teenagers understand the changes occurring and carry out their religious responsibilities well. Using a qualitative approach with phenomenological methods, this research involved in-depth interviews with 10 PAI teachers from elementary and junior high schools. The analysis using NVivo 12 shows that the PAI teacher's role includes religious education, emotional guidance, spiritual formation, and social facilitation. Despite facing unique challenges, PAI teachers overcame them with various adaptive and responsive strategies. Through intensive personal guidance, key strategies that have proven effective include creating a supportive and open environment where students feel comfortable discussing sensitive topics. This research highlights the importance of a holistic and integrative approach in assisting puberty and provides practical recommendations such as [specific recommendations] to increase the effectiveness of this assistance. This research contributes to the Islamic religious education literature by providing new insights into the multifaceted role of PAI teachers and the challenges they face, as well as suggesting strategies for improving student support during puberty.
Interchromosomal segmental duplication drives translocation and loss of P. falciparum histidine-rich protein 3
Authors: Hathaway Nicholas J , Kim Isaac E , Young Neeva Wernsman , Hui Sin Ting , Crudale Rebecca , Liang Emily Y , Nixon Christian P , Giesbrecht David , Juliano Jonathan J , Parr Jonathan B , Bailey Jeffrey A
Published: September 2024

Most malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) detect
Plasmodium falciparum
histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP2) and PfHRP3, but deletions of
pfhrp2
and
phfrp3
genes make parasites undetectable by RDTs. We analyzed 19,313 public whole-genome-sequenced P. falciparum field samples to understand these deletions better.
Pfhrp2
deletion only occurred by chromosomal breakage with subsequent telomere healing.
Pfhrp3
deletions involved loss from
pfhrp3
to the telomere and showed 3 patterns: no other associated rearrangement with evidence of telomere healing at breakpoint (Asia; Pattern 13
-
TARE1); associated with duplication of a chromosome 5 segment containing multidrug-resistant-1 gene (Asia; Pattern 13
-
5
++
); and most commonly, associated with duplication of a chromosome 11 segment (Americas/Africa; Pattern 13
-
11
++
). We confirmed a 13-11 hybrid chromosome with long-read sequencing, consistent with a translocation product arising from recombination between large interchromosomal ribosome-containing segmental duplications. Within most 13
-
11
++
parasites, the duplicated chromosome 11 segments were identical. Across parasites, multiple distinct haplotype groupings were consistent with emergence due to clonal expansion of progeny from intrastrain meiotic recombination. Together, these observations suggest negative selection normally removes 13
-
11
++
pfhrp3 deletions
, and specific conditions are needed for their emergence and spread including low transmission, findings that can help refine surveillance strategies.
Glia-mediated gut-brain cytokine signaling couples sleep to intestinal inflammation
Authors: Malita Alina , Kubrak Olga , Chen Xiaokang , Koyama Takashi , Connolly Elizabeth C , Ahrentløv Nadja , Andersen Ditte S , Texada Michael J , Halberg Kenneth V , Rewitz Kim
Published: September 2024

Sickness-induced sleep is a behavior conserved across species that promotes recovery from illness, yet the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we show that interleukin-6-like cytokine signaling from the
Drosophila
gut to brain glial cells regulates sleep. Under healthy conditions, this pathway promotes wakefulness. However, elevated gut cytokine signaling in response to oxidative stress – triggered by immune and inflammatory responses in the intestine – induces sleep. The cytokines Unpaired 2 and -3 are upregulated by oxidative stress in enteroendocrine cells and activate JAK-STAT signaling in glial cells, including those of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This activity maintains elevated sleep during oxidative-stress-induced intestinal disturbances, suggesting that the JAK-STAT pathway in glia inhibits wake-promoting signaling to facilitate sleep-dependent restoration under these conditions. We find that the enteric peptide Allatostatin A (AstA) enhances wakefulness, and during intestinal oxidative stress, gut-derived Unpaired 2/3 inhibits AstA receptor expression in BBB glia, thereby sustaining an elevated sleep state during gut inflammation or illness. Taken together, our work identifies a gut-to-glial communication pathway that couples sleep with intestinal homeostasis and disease, enhancing sleep during intestinal sickness, and contributes to our understanding of how sleep disturbances arise from gastrointestinal disturbances.
SPCANet: congested crowd counting via strip pooling combined attention network
Authors: Yuan Zhongyuan
Published: September 2024

Crowd counting aims to estimate the number and distribution of the population in crowded places, which is an important research direction in object counting. It is widely used in public place management, crowd behavior analysis, and other scenarios, showing its robust practicality. In recent years, crowd-counting technology has been developing rapidly. However, in highly crowded and noisy scenes, the counting effect of most models is still seriously affected by the distortion of view angle, dense occlusion, and inconsistent crowd distribution. Perspective distortion causes crowds to appear in different sizes and shapes in the image, and dense occlusion and inconsistent crowd distributions result in parts of the crowd not being captured completely. This ultimately results in the imperfect capture of spatial information in the model. To solve such problems, we propose a strip pooling combined attention (SPCANet) network model based on normed-deformable convolution (NDConv). We model long-distance dependencies more efficiently by introducing strip pooling. In contrast to traditional square kernel pooling, strip pooling uses long and narrow kernels (1×N or N×1) to deal with dense crowds, mutual occlusion, and overlap. Efficient channel attention (ECA), a mechanism for learning channel attention using a local cross-channel interaction strategy, is also introduced in SPCANet. This module generates channel attention through a fast 1D convolution to reduce model complexity while improving performance as much as possible. Four mainstream datasets, Shanghai Tech Part A, Shanghai Tech Part B, UCF-QNRF, and UCF CC 50, were utilized in extensive experiments, and mean absolute error (MAE) exceeds the baseline, which is 60.9, 7.3, 90.8, and 161.1, validating the effectiveness of SPCANet. Meanwhile, mean squared error (MSE) decreases by 5.7% on average over the four datasets, and the robustness is greatly improved.
Spatiotemporal dynamics of land use land cover change and its drivers in the western part of Lake Abaya, Ethiopia
Authors: Getaneh Zeleke Assefa , Demissew Sebsebe , Woldu Zerihun
Published: September 2024

Understanding the dynamics of land use/land cover (LU/LC) changes and what drives these changes is essential for creating effective strategies for sustainable land management. It also helps to monitor the impact on ecosystems and biodiversity, which is crucial for policy-making. This study focused on assessing the trends, rates, and extent of LU/LC change and its causes in the western part of Lake Abaya in Ethiopia. To achieve this, we used a supervised classification method with a maximum-likelihood algorithm to map different land use land cover types. Additionally, we gathered information through field observations, focus group discussions (FGDs), and key informant interviews (KIIs) to identify the factors driving LU/LC change and its consequences between 1990 and 2022. The study findings revealed that vegetation and wetlands significantly decreased over this period, while water bodies, agricultural land, and settlements expanded at the expense of other land uses. The average normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values decreased from 0.368 in 1990 to 0.135 in 2022, indicating declining vegetation health. Local communities point to several factors responsible for these changes, including the expansion of agricultural land, increased settlement, firewood collection, and charcoal production (as proximate/immediate drivers), as well as population growth, poverty, unemployment, climate change, and policy-related issues (as underlying causes). Thus, it needs the development and implementation of an integrated and sustainable land management system, and strong land use and restoration policies in order to halt or reduce the rapid expansion of agricultural land and settlement areas at the expense of vegetation and wetlands.
Comprehensive analysis of macrophage-associated inflammatory genes in AMI based on bulk combined with single-cell sequencing data
Authors: Kong Xugang , Jin Guangjun
Published: September 2024

Background

Previous studies have highlighted the crucial role of macrophages in the post-acute myocardial infarction (AMI) inflammatory response. This study specifically focused on investigating macrophage-related targets involved in the inflammatory response after AMI.

Methods

Bioinformatics methods were applied for identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in datasets GSE163465, GSE236374, and GSE183272 obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Communication analysis was conducted to analyze macrophages in AMI. Subsequent analyses encompassed functional enrichment analysis of Co-DEGs using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) and immune infiltration analysis were carried out for screening key genes. Validation of the bioinformatics analysis results involved original and GSE114695 datasets, supported by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Animal experiments confirmed the upregulation of Saa3, Acp5, and Fcgr4 genes in AMI mouse myocardial tissues.

Results

A total of 80 and 1,907 DEGs were respectively identified by analyzing scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq data. The overlapping Co-DEGs were found to be closely associated with inflammation-associated pathways, specifically the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway. Screening based on GSVA scores and macrophage-associated scores highlighted four key genes (Saa3, Ms4a4c, Acp5, and Fcgr4). Immunoinfiltration analysis revealed their close association with macrophages. Dataset validation corroborated these findings. Experimental validation focused on Saa3, Ms4a4c, Acp5, and Fcgr4, demonstrating the upregulation of their expression in cardiac macrophages in the AMI group, consistent with previous reports.

Conclusion

This study provides new perspectives on AMI treatment. In addition, Saa3, Acp5, and Fcgr4 exhibit potential as biomarkers for improving cardiac repair and slowing down the development of heart failure after AMI.
Changing Minds
Authors: Polletta Francesca , Amenta Edwin
Published: September 2024

People’s beliefs and values are subjective, but they are also shaped by a broader common sense about issues, such as abortion or climate change, as well as about questions that transcend single issues, such as the proper reach of government, the lines dividing us and them, and the boundaries of the self. Movements aim to appeal to that broader common sense and, crucially, to change it. In this book Francesca Polletta and Edwin Amenta argue that activists can maximize their ability to get their message out by capitalizing on the institutional norms of the cultural outlets that make up the public sphere. Where such norms do not serve them, activists need to work to establish new norms or create new cultural outlets. Activists can also help to get movement ideas and practices adopted by whole fields of organizations by spurring processes of organizational imitation. And they can fight against the dilution of movement ideas as they are turned into organizational practices by reminding people of other options that were at one point on the table: options that were more transformative but were not impractical. What activists have done and said—and how they have said it and to whom—has meant the difference between movements changing hearts and minds and their speaking into the void.
Reflective Capacity of CBME Batch Undergraduate Medical Students in Comparison to Non CBME Batch Students Pursuing Internship in a Medical College of Central India: A Mixed-method Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Dhurandhar Diwakar , Pathak Swanand , Chandrakar Tripti , Anjankar Vaibhav , Singh Adarshlata , Agrawal Jagriti
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Reflection facilitates the enhancement of critical thinking and profound learning through obtaining a greater understanding of oneself and the circumstances at hand. There is a limited amount of published literature evaluating the reflective abilities of medical students in India. Aim: To evaluate and compare the reflective abilities of Competency-based Medical Education (CBME) batch MBBS students in Phase III, part 2, with non CBME batch MBBS students currently undertaking their internship by administering the Reflective Practice Questionnaire (RPQ) and via Focus Group Discussions (FGD). Materials and Methods: The present mixed-method crosssectional study was conducted from January to August 2023 among 171 CBME batch and 129 non CBME batch MBBS students studying at Pt. JNM Medical College, Chhattisgarh, India. The RPQ consists of 40 items designed to evaluate not just the reflective abilities of a study group but also to gauge various other related psychological attributes. The mean values of each subscale were estimated and compared between the CBME and non CBME batches and analysed using the non parametric Mann-Whitney U test, with a p-value <0.05 considered significant. FGDs were also conducted for confirmatory and exploratory purposes. Also, feedback regarding the implementation of training on reflection and future course correction was taken from the study participants in FGD. Results: The mean age of students in the CBME batch and non CBME batch was 22.5±0.95 years and 24.1±0.36 years, respectively. The mean values of the confidence communication subscale of RPQ in the CBME and non CBME batches were 3.78±0.728 and 4.04±0.749 respectively, with a p-value of 0.002. The mean values of the Job Satisfaction (JS) subscale in CBME and non CBME batches were 3.86±0.728 and 3.90±0.789, respectively, with a p-value of 0.003. Conclusion: There was no significant difference between the two groups, except for the two aforementioned subscales, in which mean values in the non CBME batch were significantly higher. FGD, apart from confirming the above findings, also suggested the introduction of an e-logbook and effective assessment through it.
A Diagnostic Conundrum in Case of Primary Central Nervous System Vasculitis Presenting as Young Stroke
Authors: Shende Prakash , Vadivel Subashini , Modi Kunal
Published: September 2024

Primary Central Nervous System Vasculitis (PCNSV) is a rare inflammatory condition affecting the blood vessels in the brain and spinal cord, without signs of systemic vasculitis. The symptoms of PCNSV are typically non-specific and varied. This case involves a 16-year-old female who arrived at the emergency department with tingling and numbness in her left upper and lower extremities since waking up that morning. Within hours, she developed significant weakness in her left arm and leg. She had no significant medical history, comorbidities, or history of substance use. On examination, her vitals were stable, and she was fully conscious and oriented. Neurological examination revealed right-sided mouth deviation and decreased muscle power in her left limbs, while sensory function remained normal. Routine blood tests were normal, except for mildly elevated Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) and C-Reactive Protein (CRP). Autoimmune markers and complement levels were within normal limits. Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) analysis showed lymphocytic pleocytosis and mildly elevated protein levels. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) brain imaging revealed multiple small, acute, non-haemorrhagic infarcts in the right frontoparietal and temporo-occipital regions. MR angiography indicated thrombosis in the right internal carotid artery, with extensive thickening and constriction in various segments, consistent with PCNSV. She was treated with dual antiplatelet therapy, antiepileptics, methylprednisolone pulse therapy, and intravenous cyclophosphamide, followed by maintenance therapy with methotrexate and oral steroids. This case underscores the importance of early recognition and aggressive treatment of PCNSV to prevent longterm neurological deficits. Reporting this case is crucial as it highlights an atypical presentation in a young female, emphasising the need for awareness and comprehensive diagnostic approaches.
Enhancing Team Collaboration in the Emergency Department at Kigali University Teaching Hospital: The Effect of SBAR Communication Training
Authors: Gatare Faustin , Gishoma Darius , White Rebeka L. , Ntezimana Faustin
Published: September 2024

Background: Teamwork in clinical settings and especially in emergency department requires straightforward, clear and consistent communication interdisciplinary. The lack of effective communication among healthcare providers impact patient care safety, misdiagnosis, and increased treatment delays and medication errors. This also increases patient morbidity and mortality.
Objective: To examine the effect of Situation Background, Assessment, and Recommendation communication education on the competencies of inter-professional team collaboration.
Methods: This study was interventional conducted at the emergency department of CHUK. A self-administered questionnaire was completed prior to, during and after the training. Descriptive and inferential statistics were computed evaluate the association between communication and some demographic characteristics and to test whether there is a significant improvement in communication after the intervention.
Results: The study found that the majority of participants we female, 60% (N=18) were and 40% (N=12) were male. A high number of participants (63.3 %) were aged between 30 and 35 years and 66.7% (20) had an advanced diploma (A1), and 33.3 % (10) had a bachelor’s or master’s degree. Lastly, 63.3 % (19) had working experience between 6 and 10 years. After the training, the findings showed an increased perception of effective communication and collaboration among nurses (from 58 (range 31–97) to 64 (range 25–97); p < 0.001), an increase in unplanned intensive care unit (from 13.1/1000 to 14.8/1000) admissions and a decrease in unexpected deaths (from 0.99/1000 to 0.34/1000) admissions.
Discussion: The findings showed that there was a statistical significant increase of the nurses’ competencies in inter-professional collaboration. 
Conclusion: This study concludes that SBAR communication education for emergency nurses increases their communication skills and may thus increase the care to patients.
Recommendation:  Conducting this study on large number of population will assist in evaluation of the contribution of SBAR to the survivorship and recovery of patients as the main aim of the work of nurses and doctors.
Epigenetic Pathways Linking Fetal Development to Metabolic Syndrome: Mechanisms and Implications
Authors: Olateju Bolade. S. , Habeebat Lawal Olajumoke , Opeyemi Ayilara Gideon
Published: September 2024

This review explores the intricate connections between early developmental environments, epigenetic mechanisms, and long-term health outcomes. The concept of fetal programming highlights how maternal stress, nutrition, and other environmental factors during embryonic and fetal development can induce physiological changes with persistent effects extending into adulthood and across generations. Evidence suggests that these early life exposures can lead to complex diseases such as cardiovascular conditions, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. The role of epigenetic modifications—particularly DNA methylation and histone modifications—is emphasized as a crucial mechanism through which environmental factors influence gene expression and disease susceptibility. Additionally, this review discusses the significance of sex-specific epigenetic marks and their impact on disease risk, illustrating how sex chromosomes and fluctuating sex hormones contribute to sexual dimorphism in disease prevalence. The need for further research is underscored, with a focus on understanding the factors that shape fetal growth trajectories, the mechanisms by which nutrients and hormones alter gene expression, and the barriers to healthy eating among women. Addressing these issues is vital for reducing chronic disease prevalence and improving public health across generations.
Water and Irrigation Needs of Tuber Crops in Coastal Climates: A Review
Authors: Bhagwat S M , Keskar P K , Kadam U S
Published: September 2024

One of the most essential elements for plant growth is water. Large amounts of it are required by plants constantly throughout their life cycle. It significantly affects agricultural activities like irrigation, soil management, crop production, and chemical spraying environments, as well as plant processes like photosynthesis, respiration, absorption, transport, and use of mineral nutrients. This review examines the impacts of climate change on root and tuber crops, including rising temperatures, altered rainfall patterns, extreme weather events, and changes in pest and disease dynamics. These changes significantly affect root and tuber crop production, leading to lower yields, compromised quality, increased susceptibility to pests and diseases, and limited access to water resources.  Adaptation strategies encompass various approaches, such as agronomic practices, crop diversification, improved water management, breeding for climate resilience, and agro ecological methods. In the world, the most significant root and tuber crops are cassava, sweet potatoes, and potatoes. Water will produce maximum production for root crops; however, water stress during critical stages might adversely affect the final output of root crops. The purpose of this article of review is to understand the water and irrigation needs of tuber crops (sweet potato, greater and lesser yams, aerial yams, elephant foot yams, xanthosoma, and cassava) that are effectively produced in Maharashtra's coastal climate. This review emphasizes the urgent need to address climate change impacts on tropical root and tuber crops. It highlights the critical role of adaptive measures in ensuring long-term sustainability and food security in a changing climate.
In vitro Evaluation on Efficacy of Bioagents and Plant Extracts against Early Blight of Tomato (Alternaria alternata)
Authors: K Sairam , K Gopal , B Srinivasulu , Ch Ruth , P Rama Devi , M Ravindra Babu , V Padmaja
Published: September 2024

AIMS: In vitro evaluation on efficacy of Bioagents and plant extracts against Early blight of tomato (Alternaria alternata)
Study Design: CRD (Completely Randomized Design).
Place and Duration of Study: A trial was conducted in plant pathology laboratory at HRS Venkataramannagudem, Dr. Y.S.R. Horticultural University, Venkataramannagudem, during 2022.
Methodology: The efficacy of bioagents were tested against isolates for radial growth inhibition on suitable media (Potato dextrose media and Nutrient agar media) using dual culture technique under in vitro conditions. The poisoned food technique was followed to evaluate theefficacy of botanicals in inhibiting the mycelial growth of test pathogen.
Results: In the present investigation total nine bioagents and four plants extracts were tested against Alternariaalternata under in vitro. Results revealed that among the nine antagonists., Trichoderma harzianum, Tichoderma viride, Tichoderma longibraciatum (TCT4), Trichoderma reesi (TCT10), A10 (Tichoderma asperellum), A28 (Trichoderma harzianum), Trichoderma virens and two bacterial bioagents Pesudomonas fluorescens and Baciilus subtillis tested against A. alternata, maximum reduction in colony growth of A. alternata was observed in A10 (T. asperellum) (69.50%) and significantly superior over all other bioagents tested which was followed by A28 (T. harzianum) (62.96%) and the next best was T. virens (60.28%). Least inhibition was noticed in Bacillus subtillis (46.69%). Total four plant extracts neem leaves (Azadirachta indica), onion bulb (Allium cepa), garlic bulb (Allium sativum), and turmeric rhizome (Curcuma longa) tested at three concentrations (5, 7.5, 10 %) with suitable control by poisoned food technique against A. alternata, onion bulb extract (44.07%) which was found superior to all other tested botanicals. Least mean per cent inhibition was recorded with turmeric (21.34%).
Influence of Foliar Spray with Different Doses of Zinc (ZnSO4) at Various Crop Stages on Seed Quality Parameters of Harvested Seeds
Authors: Sharma Shivani , Sharma Rajender , Sharma Deepak , Vinay
Published: September 2024

A laboratory experiment was conducted to analyze the influence of foliar spray and stages of zinc application on seed quality parameters of harvested radish seeds cv. Japanese White in laboratory of the Department of Seed Science and Technology, Dr Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP). There were 12 treatment combinations as 0g/l zinc at bolting stage, 0g/l bolting +14 days after first application, 0g/l at bolting +14days +28 days after first application 1g/l zinc (ZnSO4) at bolting stage, 1g/l bolting +14 days after first application, 1g/l at bolting +14days +28 days after first application, 2g/l at bolting, 2g/l at bolting +14 days after first application, 2g/l at bolting +14 days after first application+ 28 days after first application, 3g/l zinc at bolting stage, 3g/l bolting +14 days after first application, 3g/l at bolting +14days +28 days after first application. The experiment was laid out in CRD (completely randomized design) as well as RCBD( Randomized complete block design) design Among treatment combinations Zn2S1 (2g l-1 at the time of bolting) was found superior in every aspect of quality attributes i.e. 1000 seed weight (14.36g), germination of harvested seeds (85.75%), seedling length (24.20cm), seedling dry weight (11.31mg), seedling vigour index-I (2,075.08) , seedling vigour index- II (966.77), electrical conductivity (0.017 dSm-1), accelerated ageing test (78.25%) and cold test (81.00%).