bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigating the Vibrational, Magnetic and Dielectric Properties, and Antioxidant Activity of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Fifere Nicusor , Airinei Anton , Asandulesa Mihai , Rotaru Aurelian , Ursu Elena Laura , Doroftei Florica
Published: November 2022

Dielectric, magnetic and Raman measurements of cerium oxide nanoparticles obtained by the precipitation method are discussed. Morphological study was performed by scanning electron microscopy, confirming the formation of nanoparticles of 5–27 nm. The Raman spectra exhibited a strong band around 465 cm−1, corresponding to the symmetrical stretching mode of the Ce-O8 vibrational unit. The nature of the room temperature ferromagnetism of cerium oxide nanoparticles was analyzed, taking into account the oxygen defects at the surface or interface of the nanoparticles. The evolution of dielectric constant, ε′, and dielectric loss, ε″ was studied as a function of frequency at different temperatures. Additionally, the variation of the electric conductivity versus temperature was investigated. Finally, complex impedance study of the cerium oxide nanoparticles was performed.
Clinicopathological Correlation of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Chang Ziyi , Liu Jixiang , Wang Bei , Zhang Honglei , Zhao Ling , Su Yunchao , Xie Wanmu , Huang Qiang , Zhen Yanan , Lin Fan , Liu Min , Gao Qian , Pang Wenyi , Zhang Zhu , Tian Han , Li Yishan , Yang Peiran , Zhai Zhenguo , Zhong Dingrong
Published: November 2022

The pathophysiology of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is largely unknown. Although pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) is potentially curative, inoperable patients and persistent pulmonary hypertension (PH) following surgery remain a significant problem. In this study, we aim to describe the histopathological characteristics of CTEPH and explore the potential relationship between pulmonary arterial lesions, radiological parameters, and clinical manifestations. Endarterectomized tissues from 81 consecutive patients of CTEPH were carefully collected, sectioned, and examined by experienced pathologists. Pertinent clinical and radiological data were obtained from medical records and operative reports. Neointima, fresh/organized thrombi, recanalized regions, and atherosclerotic lesions were microscopically examined as previously described. Thrombi and atherosclerosis were dominant in UCSD classification level I PEA materials, while recanalized neo-vessels were more frequently observed in UCSD classification level III cases. Degenerative changes of the extracellular matrix were also noticed in the vascular bed. Atherosclerotic lesions were more frequently observed in cases with higher ratio of the pulmonary artery diameter to ascending aorta diameter (PA/AA) reflected by computed tomographic pulmonary arterial scanning. Furthermore, the removal of pulmonary artery complex lesions (with the combination of three to four types of lesions) by PEA was associated with lower postoperative mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) and decreased incidences of persistent PH. Our study demonstrates that the histopathological features of CTEPH are strongly linked with clinical manifestations and the postoperative outcome after PEA. These data may provide possible evidence for further studies in searching for appropriate causal factors underlying this disease.
Intracranial-Pressure-Monitoring-Assisted Management Associated with Favorable Outcomes in Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury Patients with a GCS of 9–11
Authors: Chen Mingsheng , Wu Haiyang , Li Zhihong , Ge Shunnan , Zhao Lanfu , Zhang Xingye , Qu Yan
Published: November 2022

Objective: With a mortality rate of 10–30%, a moderate traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is one of the most variable traumas. The indications for intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring in patients with mTBI and the effects of ICP on patients’ outcomes are uncertain. The purpose of this study was to examine the indications of ICP monitoring (ICPm) and its effects on the long-term functional outcomes of mTBI patients. Methods: Patients with Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores of 9–11 at Tangdu hospital, between January 2015 and December 2021, were enrolled and treated in this retrospective cohort study. We assessed practice variations in ICP interventions using the therapy intensity level (TIL). Six-month mortality and a Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOS-E) score were the main outcomes. The secondary outcome was neurological deterioration (ND) events. The indication and the estimated impact of ICPm on the functional outcome were investigated by using binary regression analyses. Results: Of the 350 patients, 145 underwent ICP monitoring-assisted management, and the other 205 patients received a standard control based on imaging or clinical examinations. A GCS ≤ 10 (OR 1.751 (95% CI 1.216–3.023), p = 0.003), midline shift (mm) ≥ 2.5 (OR 3.916 (95% CI 2.076–7.386) p < 0.001), and SDH (OR 1.772 (95% CI 1.065–2.949) p = 0.028) were predictors of ICP. Patients who had ICPm (14/145 (9.7%)) had a decreased 6-month mortality rate compared to those who were not monitored (40/205 (19.5%), p = 0.011). ICPm was linked to both improved neurological outcomes at 6 months (OR 0.815 (95% CI 0.712–0.933), p = 0.003) and a lower ND rate (2 = 11.375, p = 0.010). A higher mean ICP (17.32 ± 3.52, t = −6.047, p < 0.001) and a more significant number of ICP > 15 mmHg (27 (9–45.5), Z = −5.406, p < 0.001) or ICP > 20 mmHg (5 (0–23), Z = −4.635, p < 0.001) 72 h after injury were associated with unfavorable outcomes. The best unfavorable GOS-E cutoff value of different ICP characteristics showed that the mean ICP was >15.8 mmHg (AUC 0.698; 95% CI, 0.606–0.789, p < 0.001), the number of ICP > 15 mmHg was >25.5 (AUC 0.681; 95% CI, 0.587–0.774, p < 0.001), and the number of ICP > 20 mmHg was >6 (AUC 0.660; 95% CI, 0.561–0.759, p < 0.001). The total TIL score during the first 72 h post-injury in the non-ICP group (9 (8, 11)) was lower than that of the ICP group (13 (9, 17), Z = −8.388, p < 0.001), and was associated with unfavorable outcomes. Conclusion: ICPm-assisted management was associated with better clinical outcomes six months after discharge and lower incidences of ND for seven days post-injury. A mean ICP > 15.8 mmHg, the number of ICP > 15 mmHg > 25.5, or the number of ICP > 20 mmHg > 6 implicate an unfavorable long-term prognosis after 72 h of an mTBI.
Treatment of Severe Swallowing Dysfunction in Systemic Sclerosis with IVIG: Role of Antimuscarinic Antibodies
Authors: Mendoza Fabian A. , DiMarino Anthony , Cohen Sidney , Adkins Christopher , Abdelbaki Shady , Rattan Satish , Cao Christopher , Denuna-Rivera Susie , Jimenez Sergio A.
Published: November 2022

Oropharyngeal and esophageal dysmotility can cause serious clinical complications such as aspiration pneumonia, cachexia, and sarcopenia, with a resulting increase in mortality and disability. The current standard of care for the treatment of SSc-associated swallowing dysfunction is mainly supportive, although severe cases are usually refractory to conventional management. Recent studies have shown that the abnormal production of functional autoantibodies such as anti-cholinergic muscarinic receptor III antibodies may participate in the pathogenesis of SSc-associated gastrointestinal dysmotility and may provide a novel target for therapeutic intervention. We describe two patients with severe and rapid onset of SSc-associated severe swallowing dysfunction and esophageal dysmotility who had failed standard of care therapy, requiring complete enteral and parenteral nutrition. Both patients were positive for the presence of circulating antimuscarinic III receptor antibodies. They were treated with IVIG at a dose of 2 g/Kg/month divided in two consecutive days, for six months. Following IVIG therapy, both patients markedly improved their symptoms as shown by a reduction in their UCLA2.0 score, and achieved an improvement of esophageal motility documented radiologically. Both patients resumed oral feeding and had their feeding tubes removed within the treatment period. None of the patients developed severe adverse events attributable to IVIG, except for low-grade fever during IVIG infusion in one of the cases. These results provide support for the role of functional autoantibodies in the development of SSc-associated gastrointestinal dysfunction.
Post-COVID-19 Status and Its Physical, Nutritional, Psychological, and Social Effects in Working-Age Adults—A Prospective Questionnaire Study
Authors: Nikolic Turnic Tamara , Vasiljevic Ivana , Stanic Magdalena , Jakovljevic Biljana , Mikerova Maria , Ekkert Natalia , Reshetnikov Vladimir , Jakovljevic Vladimir
Published: November 2022

Background: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the evolution of physical and daily routine, dietary habits, and mental and social health in individuals with recent COVID-19 infection. Methods: A qualitative prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from 01 October 2021 to 01 March 2022, which included 80 working-age adults from the territory of Central Serbia who had PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in the previous six months. Two structured pre-coded closed-ended questionnaires were submitted to the participants: a questionnaire about post-COVID-19 status (pCOVq) and a shortened version of the World Health Organization’s Quality of Life Scale (WHOQOL-BREF). Results: The presence of the COVID-19 disease in the previous period of 6 months among the working-age participants significantly affected the duration of aerobic, anaerobic, and high-intensity physical activities, but also the possibility of performing certain activities such as walking, which represents basic aerobic activity and a measure of general health among middle-aged participants. In the majority of cases (78%), in the post-COVID-19 period, participants indicated a decline in educational and productive activities. Conclusion: Post-COVID status in working-aged participants consists of reduced physical activity, lower quality of life, and similar nutritional habits. Health policies should be more focused on these findings.
Effect of Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Neuromodulation of Sciatic Nerve on Hip Muscle Strength in Chronic Low Back Pain Sufferers: A Pilot Study
Authors: San-Emeterio-Iglesias Roberto , De-la-Cruz-Torres Blanca , Romero-Morales Carlos , Minaya-Muñoz Francisco
Published: November 2022

Background: Limited hip internal rotation range of motion (IR-ROM) and hip abductor weakness are recognized in low back pain (LBP) sufferers. The main aim was to investigate the effect of a ultrasound (US)-guided percutaneous neuromodulation (PNM) technique on hip strength in people with LBP. A second purpose was to discover whether the location along the sciatic nerve, where percutaneous neuromodulation was applied, could influence the change of strength response in these patients. Methods: Sixty LBP sufferers were recruited and divided randomly into three groups. All participants received an isolated percutaneous electrical stimulation at one of three different locations of the sciatic nerve pathway (proximal, middle, and distal), depending on the assigned group. Pain intensity, hip passive IR-ROM, hip muscle strength, and the Oswestry disability index (ODI) were analyzed. All variables were calculated before the intervention and one week after the intervention. Results: All interventions significantly decreased pain intensity and improved the IR-ROMs, strength, and functionality after one week (p = 0.001). However, between-group (treatment x time) differences were reported for flexion strength in the non-intervention limb (p = 0.029) and ODI (p = 0.021), although the effect size was small (Eta2 = 0.1) in both cases. Conclusions: The application of an isolated intervention of the US-guided PNM technique may be a useful therapeutic tool to increase the hip muscle strength in patients with chronic LBP.
Deep Learning Improves Prediction of Cardiovascular Disease-Related Mortality and Admission in Patients with Hypertension: Analysis of the Korean National Health Information Database
Authors: Lee Seung-Jae , Lee Sung-Ho , Choi Hyo-In , Lee Jong-Young , Jeong Yong-Whi , Kang Dae-Ryong , Sung Ki-Chul
Published: November 2022

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop, compare, and validate models for predicting cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and hospitalization with hypertension using a conventional statistical model and a deep learning model. Methods: Using the database of Korean National Health Insurance Service, 2,037,027 participants with hypertension were identified. Among them, CVD (myocardial infarction or stroke) death and/or hospitalization that occurred within one year after the last visit were analyzed. Oversampling was performed using the synthetic minority oversampling algorithm to resolve imbalances in the number of samples between case and control groups. The logistic regression method and deep neural network (DNN) method were used to train models for assessing the risk of mortality and hospitalization. Findings: Deep learning-based prediction model showed a higher performance in all datasets than the logistic regression model in predicting CVD hospitalization (accuracy, 0.863 vs. 0.655; F1-score, 0.854 vs. 0.656; AUC, 0.932 vs. 0.655) and CVD death (accuracy, 0.925 vs. 0.780; F1-score, 0.924 vs. 0.783; AUC, 0.979 vs. 0.780). Interpretation: The deep learning model could accurately predict CVD hospitalization and death within a year in patients with hypertension. The findings of this study could allow for prevention and monitoring by allocating resources to high-risk patients.
Special Issue “Advances in Thrombocytopenia”
Authors: Ji Lili , Cheng Yunfeng
Published: November 2022

Thrombocytopenia is a commonly encountered hematologic challenge in medicine [...]
Femoral Component Rotation in Total Knee Arthroplasty Using a Tibia-First, Gap-Balancing, “Functional Alignment” Technique
Authors: Dlaska Constantin , Ismailidis Petros , Doma Kenji , Brandon Benjamin , Wilkinson Matthew , Hazratwala Kaushik
Published: November 2022

Background: The purpose of this study was to describe the femoral component rotation in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) using a tibia-first, gap-balancing, “functional alignment” technique. Methods: Ninety-seven patients with osteoarthritis received a TKA using computer navigation. The tibial resection was performed according to the kinematic alignment (KA) principles, while the femoral rotation was set according to the gap-balancing technique. Preoperative MRIs and intraoperative resection depth data were used to calculate the following rotational axes: the transepicondylar axis (TEA), the posterior condylar axis (PCA) and the prosthetic posterior condylar axis (rPCA). The angles between the PCA and the TEA (PCA/TEA), between the rPCA and the PCA (rPCA/PCA) and between the rPCA and the TEA (rPCA/TEA) were measured. Data regarding patellar maltracking and PROMs were collected for 24 months postoperatively. Results: The mean PCA/TEA, rPCA/TEA and rPCA/PCA angles were −5.1° ± 2.1°, −4.8° ± 2.6° and −0.4° ± 1.7°, respectively (the negative values denote the internal rotation of the PCA to the TEA, rPCA to TEA and rPCA to PCA, respectively). There was no need for lateral release and no cases of patellar maltracking. Conclusions: A tibia-first, gap-balancing, “functional alignment” approach allows incorporating a gap-balancing technique with kinematic principles. Sagittal complexities in the proximal tibia (variable medial and lateral slopes) can be accounted for, as the tibial resection is completed prior to setting the femoral rotation. The prosthetic femoral rotation is internally rotated relative to the TEA, almost parallel to the PCA, similar to the femoral rotation of the KA-TKA technique. This technique did not result in patellar maltracking.
Outcomes of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Systematic Review and Pooled Analysis
Authors: Park Tae Young , Bang Chang Seok , Do Jae Hyuk , Oh Hyoung Chul
Published: November 2022

Background/Aims: The adverse events associated with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) have not been sufficiently evaluated. This study aimed to review the morbidity and mortality associated with ERCP in ESRD patients on HD using a systematic review and pooled analysis. Methods: A systematic review and pooled analysis were conducted on studies that evaluated the clinical outcomes of ERCP in patients on HD. Random-effect model meta-analyses with subgroup analyses were conducted. The methodological quality of the included publications was evaluated using the risk of bias assessment tool for nonrandomized studies. The publication bias was assessed. Results: A total of 239 studies were identified, and 12 studies comprising 7921 HD patients were included in the analysis. The pooled estimated frequency of bleeding associated with ERCP in HD patients was 5.8% (460/7921). In the subgroup analysis of seven comparative studies, the ERCP-related bleeding rate was significantly higher in HD patients than in non-HD patients (5.5% (414/7544) vs. 1.5% (6734/456,833), OR 3.84; 95% CI 4.26–25.5; p < 0.001). The pooled frequency of post-ERCP pancreatitis was 8.3%. The pooled frequency of bowel perforation was 0.3%. The pooled estimated mortality associated with ERCP was 7.1% The publication bias was minimal. Conclusion: This pooled analysis showed that ERCP-related morbidity and mortality are higher in HD patients than in non-dialysis patients.
Functional Imaging in the Evaluation of Treatment Response in Multiple Myeloma: The Role of PET-CT and MRI
Authors: Santoni Adele , Simoncelli Martina , Franceschini Marta , Ciofini Sara , Fredducci Sara , Caroni Federico , Sammartano Vincenzo , Bocchia Monica , Gozzetti Alessandro
Published: November 2022

Bone disease is among the defining characteristics of symptomatic Multiple Myeloma (MM). Imaging techniques such as fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography–computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can identify plasma cell proliferation and quantify disease activity. This function renders these imaging tools as suitable not only for diagnosis, but also for the assessment of bone disease after treatment of MM patients. The aim of this article is to review FDG PET/CT and MRI and their applications, with a focus on their role in treatment response evaluation. MRI emerges as the technique with the highest sensitivity in lesions’ detection and PET/CT as the technique with a major impact on prognosis. Their comparison yields different results concerning the best tool to evaluate treatment response. The inhomogeneity of the data suggests the need to address limitations related to these tools with the employment of new techniques and the potential for a complementary use of both PET/CT and MRI to refine the sensitivity and achieve the standards for minimal residual disease (MRD) evaluation.
Predictors of Anxiety, Depression, and Stress among Female University Nursing Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Albikawi Zainab Fatehi
Published: November 2022

Background: Students at universities increasingly struggle with mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, and stress. The present prevalence of these diseases may arise in the event of a crisis such as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Aim: To estimate the level of anxiety, depression, and stress in female university nursing students, and to identify predictors for students’ anxiety, depression, and stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: An online cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using a convenient sample of 115 female university nursing students. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) questionnaire was used to assess symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress. Multivariate linear regression was used to identify predictors of anxiety, depression, and stress. Results: Stress, anxiety, and depression had prevalence rates of 23.7%, 18.5%, and 34.6%, respectively. Significant anxiety predictors included family support, family salary, being diagnosed with chronic illness, and being exposed to patients with COVID-19. Significant correlations were found between family support, family salary, family history of mental illness, and fear of being infected with COVID-19 and depression in female university nursing students. Students’ levels of stress were predicted by family support. Conclusion: The level of anxiety, depression, and stress among female university nursing students was determined to be moderate. It is advised that university nursing students receive interventions that support their mental health.
RETRACTED: Brevilin A Ameliorates Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis-like Dermatitis and Reduces Th17 Differentiation in Psoriasis Patients
Authors: Yen Ling-Jung , Yen Chung-Yang , Li Chia-Ling , Liao En-Chih , Wang Kai-Chun , Shih Meng-Chieh , Huang Hung-Sen , Chen Ying-Chin , Lu Ling-Ying , Yu Sheng-Jie
Published: November 2022

Psoriasis is a predominantly Th17 cell-driven chronic autoinflammatory skin disorder. Brevilin A, a natural sesquiterpene lactone extracted from Centipeda minima, has been used as a traditional oriental medicine for allergic diseases for centuries. However, the effects of brevilin A on psoriasis have yet to be established. In this study, we investigated brevilin A to elucidate its potential effects on T cell activities in psoriasis, in animal models and patients. An imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis-like dermatitis murine model was utilized. Experimental mice were administered different doses of brevilin A (5, 10, 20 mg/kg respectively) for a duration of 5 days. Cutaneous manifestations were measured daily. Under hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain and immunohistochemistry (IHC), acanthosis and proinflammatory cytokine expression in the dorsal skin of mice were detected. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for the measurement of IL-17A levels in serum samples. Naïve CD4+ T cells, isolated from mice spleen and lymph nodes and from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of psoriatic patients, were used to evaluate the effects of brevilin A on Th17 differentiation. In brevilin A-treated mice, brevilin A significantly reduced skin redness and scaling; acanthosis as well as IL-6, IL-17A, and ki-67 expressions were downregulated in the dorsal skin, and serum levels of IL-17A were lowered. Brevilin A also inhibited Th17 differentiation. In conclusion, brevilin A demonstrated significant capability in ameliorating skin inflammation in IMQ-induced psoriasis-like dermatitis and could modulate Th17 differentiation. Therefore, brevilin A is potentially pharmacologically effective in the treatment of psoriasis.
Interlinkages among County-Level Construction Indicators and Related Sustainable Development Goals in China
Authors: Zhong Jiawei , Li Xun
Published: November 2022

Counties are the fundamental platforms of urban–rural integration in China. Indicators at the county level, however, are insufficiently investigated for their interlinkage with each other. This study focuses on the indicators in the China Statistical Yearbook (county level) and China County Seat Construction Statistical Yearbook based on the classification of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Average weighted degree and modularity are adopted to reveal the indicators with high connections to others, as well as the trends of indicator connections and network divisions as the total index increases. Construction indicators regarding green space, water supply and wastewater treatment are found to be most influential in the indicator correlation network. The inverted U curve of modularity indicates that a county may encounter a bottleneck when the total index is at the middle level, as the indicators become more isolated. This study also compares the results with those in the Sustainable Development Report 2020 and Rural Construction Evaluation Report 2020 to verify the findings at the county/county-seat level. Additional indicators regarding public services and environment protection are required in further statistics to track the comprehensive performance of SDGs at this level.
Perioperative Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism in Abdominal Surgery Patients Based on the Caprini or the Padua Risk Score—A Single Centre Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Klen Jasna , Horvat Gašper , Blinc Aleš
Published: November 2022

Surgical patients should receive perioperative thromboprophylaxis based on risk assessment, and the Caprini score is validated for this purpose. Whether the Padua score, originally devised for medical patients, can be useful in surgical patients remains to be fully clarified. This study aimed to evaluate perioperative thromboprophylaxis based on the Caprini or the Padua score in elective abdominal surgery. A total of 223 patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery for malignant or benign disease were prospectively evaluated. The patients were divided into two groups in which thromboprophylaxis was prescribed according to either the Caprini score (n = 122) or the Padua score (n = 101). Patients with high-risk scores in both groups received nadroparin. The alternate risk score in each group was calculated for evaluation purposes only. During a 3-month follow-up, we assessed patients for symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE), bleeding, or mortality. In the Caprini score group, 87 patients (71%) had a high risk for VTE (≥5 points), while 38 patients (38%) had a high risk for VTE (≥4 points) in the Padua score group; p < 0.00001. The overall correlation between the Caprini and Padua scores was moderate (r= 0.619), with 85 patients having high Caprini and discordant Padua scores. Ten patients died during follow-up (4.5%), and five developed non-fatal symptomatic VTE (2.2%). Among the five major bleeding incidents recorded (1.8%), two cases were possibly associated with pharmacological thromboprophylaxis. The incidence of adverse outcomes did not differ between the two groups. The odds ratio for adverse outcomes was significantly higher with a high Caprini or Padua risk score, malignant disease, age ≥65 years, and active smoking. We found no significant differences in adverse outcomes between abdominal surgical patients who received perioperative thromboprophylaxis based on either the Caprini or the Padua risk score. However, a discordant Padua score was noted in almost 40% of patients who had a high Caprini score, suggesting that the latter may be more sensitive than the Padua score in surgical patients.
Impact of Pre-Existing History of Heart Failure on Patient Profile, Therapeutic Management, and Prognosis in Cardiogenic Shock: Insights from the FRENSHOCK Registry
Authors: Schurtz Guillaume , Delmas Clément , Fenouillet Margaux , Roubille François , Puymirat Etienne , Bonello Laurent , Leurent Guillaume , Verdier Basile , Levy Bruno , Ternacle Julien , Harbaoui Brahim , Vanzetto Gerald , Combaret Nicolas , Lattuca Benoît , Bruel Cedric , Bourenne Jeremy , Labbé Vincent , Henry Patrick , Bonnefoy-Cudraz Éric , Lamblin Nicolas , Lemesle Gilles
Published: November 2022

There is a large heterogeneity among patients presenting with cardiogenic shock (CS). It is crucial to better apprehend this heterogeneity in order to adapt treatments and improve prognoses in these severe patients. Notably, the presence (or absence) of a pre-existing history of chronic heart failure (CHF) at time of CS onset may be a significant part of this heterogeneity, and data focusing on this aspect are lacking. We aimed to compare CS patients with new-onset HF to those with worsening CHF in the multicenter FRENSHOCK registry. Altogether, 772 CS patients were prospectively included: 433 with a previous history of CHF and 339 without. Worsening CHF patients were older (68 +/− 13.4 vs. 62.7 +/− 16.2, p < 0.001) and had a greater burden of extra-cardiac comorbidities. At admission, acute myocardial infarction was predominantly observed in the new-onset HF group (49.9% vs. 25.6%, p < 0.001). When focusing on hemodynamic parameters, worsening CHF patients showed more congestion and higher ventricular filling pressures. Worsening CHF patients experienced higher in-hospital all-cause mortality (31.3% vs. 24.2%, p = 0.029). Our results emphasize the great heterogeneity of the patients presenting with CS. Worsening CHF patients had higher risk profiles, and this translated to a 30% increase in in-hospital all-cause mortality. The heterogeneity of this population prompts us to better determine the phenotype of CS patients to adapt their management.
Thermal Properties of Porous Mullite Ceramics Modified with Microsized ZrO2 and WO3
Authors: Mahnicka-Goremikina Ludmila , Svinka Ruta , Svinka Visvaldis , Grase Liga , Juhnevica Inna , Rundans Maris , Goremikins Vadims , Tolendiuly Sanat , Fomenko Sergey
Published: November 2022

Mullite ceramics are well known as materials with a high temperature stability, strength and creep resistance. In this research, the effect of a modification with magnesia-stabilized zirconia and yttria-stabilized zirconia, separately, as well as in a mixture with WO3, in 1:1 and 1:2 ratios on the thermal properties of porous mullite ceramics was investigated. The porous mullite-containing ceramics were prepared by a slip casting of the concentrated slurry of raw materials with the addition of a suspension of Al paste for the pore formation due to the H2 evolution as a result of the reaction of Al with water. The formed samples were sintered at 1600 °C and the holding time was 1 h. The materials were characterized using X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, mercury porosimetry, the laser flash contactless method, thermal shock resistance testing and the non-destructive impulse excitation method for determining the elasticity modulus. The modification of the porous mullite ceramic with a mixture of ZrO2 and WO3 oxides had a positive effect by decreasing the thermal conductivity, due to the increased porosity, in comparison to the undoped samples and samples with only ZrO2. The doubling of the WO3 amount in the modifying oxide mixtures improved the ceramic thermal shock resistance. The porous mullite ceramics which were modified with magnesia-stabilized zirconia (2.8 mol% MgO) and WO3 had a lower thermal conductivity and improved thermal shock resistance than the samples with yttria-stabilized zirconia (8 mol% Y2O3) and WO3.
Influence of Water with Oxygen and Ozone Micro-Nano Bubbles on Concrete Physical Properties
Authors: Grzegorczyk-Frańczak Małgorzata , Barnat-Hunek Danuta , Materak Kalina , Łagód Grzegorz
Published: November 2022

In this study, the possibility of using mixing water containing O2 and O3 micro-nano bubbles (M-NBs) in concrete technology was investigated. In particular, the effect of micro-nano bubbles on the durability and frost resistance of concrete was analyzed. Concretes with two types of micro-nano bubbles were studied. The physical properties of both the modified concretes and the reference concrete were determined, i.e., specific and apparent density, porosity, weight absorption and coefficient of water absorption. Mechanical parameters based on compressive and flexural strength were tested after 14 and 28 days of curing. Concrete durability was determined on the basis of frost resistance and resistance to salt crystallization. The pore distribution in the cement matrix was determined based on porosimetry studies. The use of water with micro-nano bubbles of O2 and O3, among others, contributed to a reduction in the water absorption coefficient from 42.7% to 52.3%, in comparison to the reference concrete. The strength characterizing the concrete with O3 increased by 61% after 28 days, and the frost resistance after 150 F-T cycles increased by 2.4 times. Resistance to salt crystallization improved by 11% when water with O3 was used.
Injury Biomechanics Evaluation of a Driver with Disabilities during a Road Accident—A Numerical Approach
Authors: Sybilski Kamil , Fernandes Fábio A. O. , Ptak Mariusz , Alves de Sousa Ricardo J.
Published: November 2022

Numerical methods are often a robust way to predict how external mechanical loads affect individual biological structures. Computational models of biological systems have been developed over the years, reaching high levels of detail, complexity, and precision. In this study, two cases were analysed, differing in the airbag operation; in the first, the airbag was normally activated, and in the second case, the airbag was disabled. We analysed a model of a disabled person without a left leg who steers a vehicle using a specialized knob on the steering wheel. In both cases, a head-on collision between a car moving at an initial speed of 50 km/h and a rigid obstacle was analysed. We concluded that the activated airbag for a person with disabilities reduces the effects of asymmetries in the positioning of the belts and body support points. Moreover, all the biomechanical parameters, analysed on the 50th percentile dummy, i.e., HIC, seat belt contact force and neck injury criterion (Nij) support the use of an airbag. The resulting accelerations, measured in the head of the dummy, were induced into a finite element head model (YEAHM) to kinematically drive the head and simulate both accidents, with and without the airbag. In the latter, the subsequent head injury prediction revealed a form of contrecoup injury, more specifically cerebral contusion based on the intracranial pressure levels that were achieved. Therefore, based on the in-depth investigation, a frontal airbag can significantly lower the possibility of injuries for disabled drivers, including cerebral contusions.
Multifunctional Geotextiles Produced from Reclaimed Fibres and Their Role in Ecological Engineering
Authors: Chmura Damian , Salachna Anna , Broda Jan , Kobiela-Mendrek Katarzyna , Gawłowski Andrzej , Rom Monika
Published: November 2022

Earthworks in the vicinity of roads, open mines, subsidence tanks and other man-made objects can lead to the creation of slopes that undergo erosion. One of the methods that can prevent their degradation and reclaim them is the use of geotextiles. An environmentally friendly option is using geotextiles that are produced from reclaimed fibres. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of the mechanical and chemical properties of geotextiles, namely, ropes and fibres (containing wool and polypropylene), not only on the rate of the greening of slopes but also on the species composition of vegetation. We studied the floristic composition, species diversity, species growth and soil properties of four sites of reclaimed slopes on which 46 study plots (5 m × 5 m) were laid out. We found that some species were more confined to a higher content of wool and that other species were more confined to the content of polypropylene. Both materials caused a decrease in the Shannon–Wiener diversity but an increase in evenness under the impact of ropes when compared to the control. They both also contributed to a higher mean height of the plants when compared to the control. The rate of the plant colonisation process was markedly improved by the reclaimed geotextiles. A longer and more detailed study is required to examine the effect of geotextile ropes on habitat creation.
Design and Preparation of Double-Harmonic Piezoelectric Composite Lamination
Authors: Sun Chao , Zhong Chao , Wang Likun , Qin Lei
Published: November 2022

In this work, a new type of double-harmonic piezoelectric composite laminated structure is designed. Two bending vibration frequencies are generated by designing the structure with non-equal length and non-equal width, and the response is relatively consistent at the frequency point of the double-harmonic vibration. Firstly, the finite element software ANSYS is used to establish the simulation model of double-harmonic piezoelectric composite lamination. Two bending vibration frequencies are generated by using the non-equal length structure design, and the variation law of the conductance curve with the laminated structure is analyzed. Then, according to this law, the structure is optimized, and a non-equal width structure is further proposed in this work. Different double-harmonic piezoelectric composite laminations are prepared for comparison. The simulation and experimental results show that the value of the corresponding conductance curve at the two vibration frequency points can be increased or reduced by changing the lamination width. Then, the same conductance peak can be obtained to have a relatively consistent response at the double-harmonic frequency point. This will provide a good choice for expanding the transducer bandwidth and developing the broadband energy collector.
Evaluation of Load Distribution in a Mandibular Model with Four Implants Depending on the Number of Prosthetic Screws Used for OT-Bridge System: A Finite Element Analysis (FEA)
Authors: Grande Francesco , Pozzan Mario Cesare , Marconato Raul , Mollica Francesco , Catapano Santo
Published: November 2022

In full-arch implant rehabilitations, when the anterior screw abutment channel compromises the aesthetic of the patient, the OT-Bridge system used with its Seeger rings may provide the necessary retention of the prosthesis. However, no studies have evaluated the forces generated at the Seeger level during loading. This Finite Element Analysis aims to investigate the mechanical behavior of Seeger rings in a mandibular model with four implants and an OT-Bridge system, used without one or two anterior prosthetic screws. A 400 N unilateral load was virtually applied on a 7 mm distal cantilever. Two different variables were considered: the constraint conditions using two or three screws instead of four and the three different framework materials (fiberglass reinforced resin, cobalt-chrome, TiAl6V4). The FEA analysis exhibited tensile and compressive forces on the Seeger closest to the loading point. With the resin framework, a tension force on abutment 3.3 generates a displacement from 5 to 10 times greater than that respectively expressed in metal framework materials. In a full-arch rehabilitation with four implants, the case with three prosthetic screws seems to be a safer and more predictable configuration instead of two. Considering the stress value exhibited and the mechanical properties of the Seeger, the presence of only two prosthetic screws could lead to permanent deformation of the Seeger in the screwless abutment closest to the loading point.
The Development and Study of Some Composite Membranes Based on Polyurethanes and Iron Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Gradinaru Luiza Madalina , Vlad Stelian , Ciobanu Romeo Cristian
Published: November 2022

To improve the performance of composite membranes, their morphology can be tailored by precise control of the fabrication methods and processing conditions. To this end, the aim of this study was to develop novel high-performance composite membranes based on polyurethane matrix and magnetic nanoparticles with the desired morphology and stability, by selecting the proper method and fabrication systems. These well-prepared composite membranes were investigated from the point of view of their morphological, physico-chemical, mechanical, dielectric, and magnetic properties. In addition, their in vitro cytocompatibility was also verified by the MTT assay and their cell morphology. The results of this study can provide valuable information regarding the preparation of magnetic polyurethane-based composite membranes that could be used to design some suitable devices with tailored properties, in order to improve the image quality in magnetic resonance imaging investigations and to suppress local image artifacts and blurring.
Interfacial Tailoring of Polyether Sulfone-Modified Silica Mixed Matrix Membranes for CO2 Separation
Authors: Mannan Hafiz Abdul , Idris Alamin , Nasir Rizwan , Mukhtar Hilmi , Qadir Danial , Suleman Humbul , Basit Abdul
Published: November 2022

In this work, in situ polymerization of modified sol-gel silica in a polyether sulfone matrix is presented to control the interfacial defects in organic-inorganic composite membranes. Polyether sulfone polymer and modified silica are used as organic and inorganic components of mixed matrix membranes (MMM). The membranes were prepared with different loadings (2, 4, 6, and 8 wt.%) of modified and unmodified silica. The synthesized membranes were characterized using Field emission electron scanning microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analyzer, and differential scanning calorimetry. The performance of the membranes was evaluated using a permeation cell set up at a relatively higher-pressure range (5–30 bar). The membranes appear to display ideal morphology with uniform distribution of particles, defect-free structure, and absence of interfacial defects such as voids and particle accumulations. Additionally, the CO2/CH4 selectivity of the membrane increased with the increase in the modified silica content. Further comparison of the performance indicates that PES/modified silica MMMs show a promising feature of commercially attractive membranes. Therefore, tailoring the interfacial morphology of the membrane results in enhanced properties and improved CO2 separation performance.
Effect of Basalt Fiber Content on Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Copper-Matrix Composites
Authors: Chai Rong , Zhu Weiwei , Li Qian , Zou Haohao , Han Ying , Zhao Yu , Ran Xu
Published: November 2022

The basalt-fiber-reinforced copper-matrix composites were fabricated using spark plasma sintering. The effect of basalt fiber content on the mechanical and tribological properties of copper-matrix composites was investigated. The results show that the relative density decreased, the hardness increased and the tensile strength first increased and then decreased with the increase in fiber content. The optimal tensile strength of 276 MPa was obtained when the content of basalt fiber was 1.5 wt.%. The friction coefficient of the composites decreased, and the wear volume first decreased and then increased with the increase in the fiber content. The addition of basalt fibers reduced the plastic deformation of the copper matrix during the friction test due to its strengthening effect. Moreover, the detached basalt fibers from the Cu matrix were ground into fine particles and were helpful for forming a mechanical mixing layer, which can decrease the friction coefficient of composites.
Large Linear Giant Magneto-Impedance Response of Microwire Annealed under Liquid Medium for Potential Sensor Applications
Authors: Chen Dongming , Liu Jingshun , Zhang Lunyong , Shen Hongxian , Sun Jianfei
Published: November 2022

Herein, we have presented the giant magneto-impedance (GMI) effect, microstructure and surface domain structure of the Co-Fe-based amorphous microwires after liquid medium—anhydrous ethanol Joule annealing (AJA). The AJA technique can effectively release the radial stress and induce large a circumferential magnetic field by changing the Joule heat transfer and the circumferential domain, to further tune the GMI performance of microwire. The linear response fields (0~3.5 Oe), the high sensitivity of 124.1%/Oe and the high GMI ratio make the microwire as promising materials for the miniaturized GMI sensors. The GMI ratios of [ΔZ/Z0]max(%) and [ΔZ/Zmax]max(%) increase the near-linearly to 201.9% and 200.5%, respectively, for the 250 mA anhydrous ethanol Joule annealed wires. Moreover, a linear response to Hex (ranging from 3.5 to 25 Oe, or more) is observed, which bears the potential in fabricating bi-sensors.
Physical Metallurgical Bonding Layer Formed between Fe80Si9B11 Metallic Glass and Crystalline Aluminum in Rolled Composite Plate by High-Pressure Torsion at Room Temperature
Authors: Shan Shengfeng , Zhang Xiaopeng , Guo Haibo , Jia Yuanzhi
Published: November 2022

Metallic glasses (MGs) have excellent properties, such as high strength and low elastic modulus, can be used as reinforcement in metal matrix composites. In this paper, aluminum matrix composites reinforced with Fe80Si9B11 MG strips with different weight contents (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%) were produced by roll-bonding at an initial temperature of 450 °C and 80% deformation. Tensile mechanical tests showed that the tensile strength of the composite sheets containing 10% MG strips showed the highest tensile strength of 166 MPa. Further studies on the sandwich structured samples were conducted using high-pressure torsion (HPT) technology with various pressures of 0.55 GPa, 1.10 GPa, 1.65 GPa, and 2.20 GPa. X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), TriboIndenter nanomechanical testing, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to study the microstructures, mechanical properties and the bonding interface of the material. The results show that the hardness near the interface presented a transition area. High-resolution TEM observation showed that physical metallurgical bonding can be achieved between MG and aluminum alloy. A preliminary fitting of metallurgical bonding conditions was carried out according to the experimental parameters of HPT and the interface bonding condition in this study.
Relationship between Insulin Resistance Risk Scales and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Liver Fibrosis Scales in 219,477 Spanish Workers
Authors: Ramírez-Manent José Ignacio , Martínez-Almoyna Emilio , López Carlos , Busquets-Cortés Carla , González San Miguel Hilda , López-González Ángel Arturo
Published: November 2022

Insulin resistance (IR) has been identified as a key factor in the appearance of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as it is related through a complex molecular biochemical and immunological mechanism. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between different scales that estimate the risk of IR and scales that determine the risk of NAFLD. This descriptive and cross-sectional study was performed in 219,477 Spanish workers from different sectors and Spanish regions. The prevalence of high values of all the IR scales increases as the values of the NAFLD and liver fibrosis scales increase. In the multivariate analysis, the risk of presenting high values in the IR scales increases greatly as the values of the NAFLD and hepatic fibrosis scales increase, with particularly high OR values when using the Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance (METS-IR) scale (LAP high OR 42.20 (95% CI (39.10–45.56) and FLI high OR 32.35 (95% CI 31.10–33.61)). We can conclude that there is a direct relationship between the values of the IR scales and the NAFLD and liver fibrosis scales in our population.
Pancreatic Cancer Cell-Conditioned, Human-Derived Primary Myotubes Display Increased Leucine Turnover, Increased Lipid Accumulation, and Reduced Glucose Uptake
Authors: Krapf Solveig A. , Lund Jenny , Saqib Awais Ur Rehman , Bakke Hege G. , Rustan Arild C. , Thoresen G. Hege , Kase Eili T.
Published: November 2022

Metabolic alterations occurring in cancer cells have been seen to also occur in other tissues than cancerous tissue. For instance, cachexia, peripheral insulin resistance, or both are commonly seen in patients with cancer. We explored differences in substrate use in myotubes conditioned with the medium from a pancreatic cancer cell line, PANC-1, or primary human pancreatic cells, hPECs. Protein turnover was assessed using scintillation proximity assay, glucose and oleic acid handling were analyzed by substrate oxidation assay. We performed qPCR to study gene expression and immunoblotting and proteomic analyses to study protein expression. PANC-1-conditioned myotubes had an imbalance in protein turnover with decreased accumulation, increased decay, and decreased MYH2 gene expression. Glucose uptake decreased despite increased insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation. Fatty acid uptake increased, whereas fatty acid oxidation was unchanged, leading to accumulation of intracellular lipids (TAG) in PANC-1-conditioned myotubes. Secretome analyses revealed increased release of growth factors and growth factor receptor from PANC-1 cells, potentially affecting muscle cell metabolism. Myotubes exposed to pancreatic cancer cell medium displayed altered energy metabolism with increased protein/leucine turnover and lipid accumulation, while glucose uptake and oxidation reduced. This indicates production and release of substances from pancreatic cancer cells affecting skeletal muscle.