bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fiscal and Budgetary Policy Efforts towards Climate Change Mitigation in Romania
Authors: Florea Nicoleta Mihaela , Meghisan-Toma Georgeta-Madalina , Puiu Silvia , Meghisan Flaviu , Doran Marius Dalian , Niculescu Mariana
Published: March 2021

To mitigate the negative effects of climate change on the environment, the Member States of the European Union implement fiscal measures and commit budgetary expenditures to ensure sustainable economic development. Romania, in line with the Union’s objectives, resorted to the application of a system of environmental taxes and provided in the budgetary policy government expenditures for environmental protection. The aim of the research is to highlight the effects of these measures on the environment by analysing the short-run and long-run causal relationships between greenhouse gas emissions, green taxes and government expenditures on environmental protection. Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) method and Granger causality tests were used to demonstrate the existence of these relationships and the intensity with which they manifest. Following the analysis, we identified a significant long-run influence of government spending on environmental protection on greenhouse gas emissions but also numerous short-run and long-run causal relationships between greenhouse gas emissions and green taxes, applied in Romania. The results of the research consider the impact of public expenses for environment protection, a variable not yet applied for Romania, on greenhouse gas emissions’ decrease, in correlation with environmental taxes per source of origin.
Nexus between Nitrous Oxide Emissions and Agricultural Land Use in Agrarian Economy: An ARDL Bounds Testing Approach
Authors: Haider Azad , ul Husnain Muhammad Iftikhar , Rankaduwa Wimal , Shaheen Farzana
Published: March 2021

This paper analyses the relationship between Nitrous Oxide emissions, agricultural land use, and economic growth in Pakistan. Agriculture largely contributes to Nitrous Oxide emissions. Hence, models of agriculture induced Nitrous Oxide emissions are estimated in addition to models of total Nitrous Oxide emissions. Estimated models accommodate more flexible forms of relationship between economic growth and emissions than those of the widely adopted models in testing the Environmental Kuznets Curve. The Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach to co-integration and the vector error correction model approach is applied to test the Environmental Kuznets’s Curve hypothesis for Pakistan and to detect the directions of causality among variables using the time series data for the period 1971 to 2012. Results indicate that an N-shaped rather than an inverted U-shaped relationship exists in the case of Pakistan. The tipping values for total Nitrous Oxide emissions and agriculturally induced Nitrous Oxide emissions indicate that Pakistan passes through a phase of increasing environmental degradation. Increases in agricultural land use and per capita energy use will increase the level of Nitrous Oxide emissions. However, controlling Nitrous Oxide emissions from agricultural land use and per capita, energy use without adversely affecting economic development will be a serious policy challenge for Pakistan.
Urban Living Lab as a Circular Economy Ecosystem: Advancing Environmental Sustainability through Economic Value, Material, and Knowledge Flows
Authors: Engez Anil , Leminen Seppo , Aarikka-Stenroos Leena
Published: March 2021

Environmental sustainability is an increasingly relevant aspect of urban living labs. The objective of this study is to examine an urban living lab through ecosystem approach lenses and reveal the actor activities and diverse flows between them, enabling sustainable urban development. The study examines an urban area through four living lab projects in the Hiedanranta district in Tampere in Finland. We apply a qualitative research design strategy including semi-structured interviews reinforced with the project reports and websites. The collaboration and co-creation nature of living labs resembles an ecosystem structure, as both include diverse complementary actors and have distinctive coordination mechanisms, shared goals, and system-level outcomes. Building on the ecosystem analogy and circular economy ecosystem typology, our study examines living labs as ecosystems, enabling the economic value flow, material flow, and knowledge flow and pursuing the shared goal of improved environmental sustainability. The findings of the study demonstrate how the different ecosystem types manifest in urban living labs, and the actors, flows, and outcomes in these ecosystems. The study concludes that urban sustainability-oriented living labs comprise all main types of circular economy ecosystems. The dominant type of the activities (biased to economic value, material, or knowledge) determines the ecosystem type in an urban living lab, highlighting a key topic for future research: The contribution of collaborative projects to environmental sustainability in urban living labs realized through diverse ecosystem types.
Participatory Assessment of Multi Risks in Urban Regions—The Case of Critical Infrastructures in Metropolitan Lima
Authors: Greiving Stefan , Fleischhauer Mark , León Christian D. , Schödl Leonie , Wachinger Gisela , Quintana Miralles Iris Katherine , Prado Larraín Benjamín
Published: March 2021

This paper aims to provide a comprehensive picture of risk governance and conceptualize an approach to dealing with multi-risks in the Metropolitan Region of Lima, Peru. We argue that the impacts of extreme events are not solely determined by a given place-based vulnerability and risk profile but are considerably influenced by cascading effects caused by service disruptions of critical infrastructures, which may even take place outside the exposed areas. This paper tests a new conceptual framework for assessing criticality and provides an evidence basis for effective risk governance of critical infrastructures in urban regions. The findings are based on a multi-method approach which includes participatory activities. The overall results show that the electricity sector is the sector with the highest systemic criticality, followed by IT and emergency response. These results help to identify gaps in actors’ awareness of interdependencies and show the general criticalities of infrastructures with regard to both physical and actor-related factors. A better understanding of the given interconnection between sectors, but also of specific system elements, is an indispensable prerequisite for resilience building. Furthermore, the analysis underlines specific cooperation and communication needs between different stakeholders but also indicates the requirement for a prioritization of sectors in contingency plans and spatial planning.
Ecosystem Services Assessment Tools for Regenerative Urban Design in Oceania
Authors: Delpy Fabian , Pedersen Zari Maibritt , Jackson Bethanna , Benavidez Rubianca , Westend Thomas
Published: March 2021

Tools that spatially model ecosystem services offer opportunities to integrate ecology into regenerative urban design. However, few of these tools are designed for assessing ecosystem services in cities, meaning their application by designers is potentially limited. This research reviews and compares a range of ecosystem services assessment tools to find those that are most suited for the urban context of Oceania. The tool classification includes considerations of type of input and output data, time commitment, and necessary skills required. The strengths and limitations of the most relevant tools are further discussed alongside illustrative case studies, some collected from literature and one conducted as part of this research in Wellington, Aotearoa using the Land Utilisation and Capability Indicator (LUCI) tool. A major finding of the research is that from the 95 tools reviewed, only four are judged to be potentially relevant for urban design projects. These are modelling tools that allow spatially explicit visualisation of biophysical quantification of ecosystem services. The ecosystem services assessed vary among tools and the outputs’ reliability is often highly influenced by the user’s technical expertise. The provided recommendations support urban designers and architects to choose the tool that best suits their regenerative design project requirements.
Sustainable Harm Reduction Needle and Syringe Programs for People Who Inject Drugs: A Scoping Review of Their Implementation Qualities
Authors: Resiak Danielle , Mpofu Elias , Rothwell Rodd
Published: March 2021

While substance use disorders (SUD) continue to be a global concern, harm reduction approaches can provide sustainable harm minimization to people who inject drugs (PWID) without requiring abstinence. Yet, the evidence for the sustainable implementation of harm reduction approaches is newly emerging. This scoping review sought to map the evidence on implementation qualities of sustainable harm reduction needle and syringe programs (NSPs). We searched the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PubMed, ProQuest Central, and Directory of Open Access Journals for empirical studies (a) with an explicit focus on harm minimization NSPs, (b) with a clearly identified study population, (c) that described the specific NSP implementation protocol, (d) that provided information on accessibility, affordability, and feasibility, and (e) were published in English between 2000–2020. Following narrative qualitative synthesis, the evidence suggests individual implementer characteristics directly influenced sustainable availability and scope of NSP provision while implementation processes explained the predictability and continuity of service provision across services. External factors including community perceptions of NSPs and policing activity influenced the sustainability of NSP implementation. The emerging evidence suggests that sustainable NSP programs for PWID require provider, consumer, and community engagement, supported by enabling health policies.
Experiments on Energy-Efficient Evaporative Cooling Systems for Poultry Farm Application in Multan (Pakistan)
Authors: Shahzad Khawar , Sultan Muhammad , Bilal Muhammad , Ashraf Hadeed , Farooq Muhammad , Miyazaki Takahiko , Sajjad Uzair , Ali Imran , Hussain Muhammad I.
Published: March 2021

Poultry are one of the most vulnerable species of its kind once the temperature-humidity nexus is explored. This is so because the broilers lack sweat glands as compared to humans and undergo panting process to mitigate their latent heat (moisture produced in the body) in the air. As a result, moisture production inside poultry house needs to be maintained to avoid any serious health and welfare complications. Several strategies such as compressor-based air-conditioning systems have been implemented worldwide to attenuate the heat stress in poultry, but these are not economical. Therefore, this study focuses on the development of low-cost and environmentally friendly improved evaporative cooling systems (DEC, IEC, MEC) from the viewpoint of heat stress in poultry houses. Thermodynamic analysis of these systems was carried out for the climatic conditions of Multan, Pakistan. The results appreciably controlled the environmental conditions which showed that for the months of April, May, and June, the decrease in temperature by direct evaporative cooling (DEC), indirect evaporative cooling (IEC), and Maisotsenko-Cycle evaporative cooling (MEC) systems is 7–10 °C, 5–6.5 °C, and 9.5–12 °C, respectively. In case of July, August, and September, the decrease in temperature by DEC, IEC, and MEC systems is 5.5–7 °C, 3.5–4.5 °C, and 7–7.5 °C, respectively. In addition, drop in temperature-humidity index (THI) values by DEC, IEC, and MEC is 3.5–9 °C, 3–7 °C, and 5.5–10 °C, respectively for all months. Optimum temperature and relative humidity conditions are determined for poultry birds and thereby, systems’ performance is thermodynamically evaluated for poultry farms from the viewpoint of THI, temperature-humidity-velocity index (THVI), and thermal exposure time (ET). From the analysis, it is concluded that MEC system performed relatively better than others due to its ability of dew-point cooling and achieved THI threshold limit with reasonable temperature and humidity indexes.
Travelling with a Guide Dog: Experiences of People with Vision Impairment
Authors: Rickly Jillian M. , Halpern Nigel , Hansen Marcus , Welsman John
Published: March 2021

There is considerable research on people with vision impairment (PwVI) in the transport, travel and tourism sectors, which highlights the significance of real-time information and consistency in services to accessibility. Based on interviews with guide dog owners in the United Kingdom, this paper contributes an additional dimension to our understanding of transport accessibility for PwVI by focusing specifically on guide dog owners’ experiences in the travel and tourism sector. A guide dog is more than a mobility tool, but a human–dog partnership that improves the quality of life for PwVI; however, it also introduces constraints related to the dog’s welfare and safety. Further, lack of understanding of guide dog owners’ rights to reasonable accommodation leads to discrimination through service refusals and challenges to service access. This paper concludes that the limited and inconsistent public knowledge of disability diversity has serious ramifications for transport accessibility and suggests specific industry and legislative interventions in response.
Technology Hotspot Tracking: Topic Discovery and Evolution of China’s Blockchain Patents Based on a Dynamic LDA Model
Authors: Wang Jinli , Fan Yong , Zhang Hui , Feng Libo
Published: March 2021

Tracking scientific and technological (S&T) research hotspots can help scholars to grasp the status of current research and develop regular patterns in the field over time. It contributes to the generation of new ideas and plays an important role in promoting the writing of scientific research projects and scientific papers. Patents are important S&T resources, which can reflect the development status of the field. In this paper, we use topic modeling, topic intensity, and evolutionary computing models to discover research hotspots and development trends in the field of blockchain patents. First, we propose a time-based dynamic latent Dirichlet allocation (TDLDA) modeling method based on a probabilistic graph model and knowledge representation learning for patent text mining. Second, we present a computational model, topic intensity (TI), that expresses the topic strength and evolution. Finally, the point-wise mutual information (PMI) value is used to evaluate topic quality. We obtain 20 hot topics through TDLDA experiments and rank them according to the strength calculation model. The topic evolution model is used to analyze the topic evolution trend from the perspectives of rising, falling, and stable. From the experiments we found that 8 topics showed an upward trend, 6 topics showed a downward trend, and 6 topics became stable or fluctuated. Compared with the baseline method, TDLDA can have the best effect when K is 40 or less. TDLDA is an effective topic model that can extract hot topics and evolution trends of blockchain patent texts, which helps researchers to more accurately grasp the research direction and improves the quality of project application and paper writing in the blockchain technology domain.
Bifurcation Analysis of Time-Delay Model of Consumer with the Advertising Effect
Authors: Abd-Rabo Mahmoud A. , Zakarya Mohammed , Cesarano Clemente , Aly Shaban
Published: March 2021

Given the economic importance of advertising and product promotions, we have developed a diffusion model to describe the impact of advertising on sales. The main message of this study is to show the effect of advertising diffusion to convert potential buyers into actual customers which may result in persistent alteration in marketing over time. This work is devoted to studying the dynamic behavior of a reaction-diffusion model and its delayed version with the advertising effect. For the non-delay model, it is proven the existence of Hopf bifurcation. Moreover, the stability and direction of bifurcation of periodic solutions are detected. On the other hand, we consider there is a lag for responding of potential buyers to the advertising. Therefore, the time delay τ is deemed as an additional factor in the diffusion model. We have determined the critical values for the delay parameter that yield periodic solutions. Furthermore, the direction and the stability of bifurcating periodic solutions is studied. For supporting the theoretical analysis and demonstrate complex dynamic behaviors, numerical simulations including families of periodic curves are given.
A Novel Neural Network Training Algorithm for the Identification of Nonlinear Static Systems: Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm Based on Effective Scout Bee Stage
Authors: Kaya Ebubekir , Baştemur Kaya Ceren
Published: March 2021

In this study, a neural network-based approach is proposed for the identification of nonlinear static systems. A variant called ABCES (ABC Based on Effective Scout Bee Stage) is introduced for neural network training. Two important changes are carried out with ABCES. The first is an update of “limit” control parameters. In ABC algorithm, “limit” value is fixed. It is adaptively adjusted according to number of iterations in ABCES. In this way, the efficiency of the scout bee stage is increased. Secondly, a new solution-generating mechanism for the scout bee stage is proposed. In ABC algorithm, new solutions are created randomly. It is aimed at developing previous solutions in the scout bee stage of ABCES. The performance of ABCES is analyzed on two different problem groups. First, its performance is evaluated on 13 numerical benchmark test problems. The results are compared with ABC, GA, PSO and DE. Next, the neural network is trained by ABCES to identify nonlinear static systems. 6 nonlinear static test problems are used. The performance of ABCES in neural network training is compared with ABC, PSO and HS. The results show that ABCES is generally effective in the identification of nonlinear static systems based on neural networks.
Assessing Mixture Effects of Cereulide and Deoxynivalenol on Intestinal Barrier Integrity and Uptake in Differentiated Human Caco-2 Cells
Authors: Beisl Julia , Varga Elisabeth , Braun Dominik , Warth Benedikt , Ehling-Schulz Monika , Del Favero Giorgia , Marko Doris
Published: March 2021

The human intestine is regularly exposed to ingested food contaminants, such as fungal and bacterial toxins, which have been described to co-occur in a mixed diet. Thus, it is of utmost importance to understand possible interactions between contaminants of different origin. Hence, we investigated the single and combined effects of one of the most abundant mycotoxins, deoxynivalenol (DON; 0.1 to 10 µg/mL), and the bacterial toxin cereulide (CER; 1 to 100 ng/mL) on differentiated human Caco-2 (C2BBe1) cells cultured in a transwell system. We tested the capacity of the two toxins to alter the intestinal integrity and further investigated the uptake of both compounds and the formation of selected DON metabolites. CER alone (10 and 100 ng/mL) and in combination with DON (10 ng/mL CER with 1 µg/mL DON) was found to alter the barrier function by increasing the transepithelial electrical resistance and the expression of the tight junction protein claudin-4. For the first time, DON-3-sulfate was identified as a metabolite of human intestinal cells in vitro. Moreover, co-incubation of CER and DON led to an altered ratio between DON and DON-3-sulfate. Hence, we conclude that co-exposure to CER and DON may alter the intestinal barrier function and biotransformation of intestinal cells.
Caprine MAVS Is a RIG-I Interacting Type I Interferon Inducer Downregulated by Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus Infection
Authors: Miao Qiuhong , Qi Ruibing , Meng Chunchun , Zhu Jie , Tang Aoxing , Dong Dandan , Guo Hongyuan , van Oers Monique M. , Pijlman Gorben P. , Liu Guangqing
Published: March 2021

The mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS, also known as VISA, IPS-1, or CARDIF) plays an essential role in the type I interferon (IFN) response and in retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) mediated antiviral innate immunity in mammals. In this study, the caprine MAVS gene (caMAVS, 1566 bp) was identified and cloned. The caMAVS shares the highest amino acid similarity (98.1%) with the predicted sheep MAVS. Confocal microscopy analysis of partial deletion mutants of caMAVS revealed that the transmembrane and the so-called Non-Characterized domains are indispensable for intracellular localization to mitochondria. Overexpression of caMAVS in caprine endometrial epithelial cells up-regulated the mRNA levels of caprine interferon-stimulated genes. We concluded that caprine MAVS mediates the activation of the type I IFN pathway. We further demonstrated that both the CARD-like domain and the transmembrane domain of caMAVS were essential for the activation of the IFN-β promotor. The interaction between caMAVS and caprine RIG-I and the vital role of the CARD and NC domain in this interaction was demonstrated by co-immunoprecipitation. Upon infection with the Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus (PPRV, genus Morbillivirus), the level of MAVS was greatly reduced. This reduction was prevented by the addition of the proteasome inhibitor MG132. Moreover, we found that viral protein V could interact and colocalize with MAVS. Together, we identified caMAVS as a RIG-I interactive protein involved in the activation of type I IFN pathways in caprine cells and as a target for PPRV immune evasion.
31st Brazilian Online Society for Virology (SBV) 2020 Annual Meeting
Authors: Arruda Luciana Barros de , Campos Fabrício Souza , Abrahão Jônatas Santos , da Fonseca Flávio Guimarães , Araújo Junior João Pessoa , Rosado Spilki Fernando
Published: March 2021

The year 2020 was profoundly marked by the emergence and spread of SARS-CoV-2, causing COVID-19, which represents the greatest pandemic of the 21st century until now, and a major challenge for virologists in the scientific and medical communities. Increased numbers of SARS-CoV-2 infection all over the world imposed social and travel restrictions, including avoidance of face-to-face scientific meetings. Therefore, for the first time in history, the 2020 edition of the Brazilian Society of Virology (SBV) congress was totally online. Despite the challenge of the new format, the Brazilian society board and collaborators were successful in virtually congregating more than 921 attendees, which was the greatest SBV participant number ever reached. Seminal talks from prominent national and international researchers were presented every night, during a week, and included discussions about environmental, basic, animal, human, plant and invertebrate virology. A special roundtable debated exclusively new data and perspectives regarding COVID-19 by some of the greatest Brazilian virologists. Women scientists were very well represented in another special roundtable called “Young Women Inspiring Research”, which was one of the most viewed and commented section during the meeting, given the extraordinary quality of the presented work. Finally, SBV offered the Helio Gelli Pereira award for one graduate and one undergraduate student, which has also been a fruitful collaboration between the society and Viruses journal. The annual SBV meeting has, therefore, reached its goals to inspire young scientists, stimulate high-quality scientific discussion and to encourage global collaboration between virologists.
HIV-Exposed Seronegative Sex Workers Express Low T-Cell Activation and an Intact Ectocervical Tissue Microenvironment
Authors: Röhl Maria , Tjernlund Annelie , Lajoie Julie , Edfeldt Gabriella , Bradley Frideborg , Bergström Sofia , Kaldhusdal Vilde , Åhlberg Alexandra , Månberg Anna , Omollo Kenneth , Boily-Larouche Geneviève , Asghar Muhammad , Kwon Douglas S. , Oyugi Julius , Kimani Joshua , Nilsson Peter , Fowke Keith R. , Broliden Kristina
Published: March 2021

Immunological correlates of natural resistance to HIV have been identified in HIV-exposed seronegative (HESN) individuals and include a low-inflammatory genital mucosal status. The cervicovaginal epithelium has not been studied for such correlates despite constituting an important barrier against sexual HIV transmission. To fill this gap in knowledge, we collected samples of blood, cervical mononuclear cells, cervicovaginal lavage, and ectocervical tissue from Kenyan HESN sex workers (n = 29) and controls (n = 33). The samples were analyzed by flow cytometry, protein profiling, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, in situ image analysis, and tissue-based RNA sequencing. A significantly higher relative proportion of regulatory T cells in blood (B7+CD25hiFoxP3+CD127loCD4+ and B7+Helios+FoxP3+CD4+), and a significantly lower proportion of activated cervical T cells (CCR5+CD69+CD4+ and CCR5+CD69+CD8+), were found in the HESN group compared with the controls. In contrast, there were no statistically significant differences between the study groups in cervicovaginal protein and microbiome compositions, ectocervical epithelial thickness, E-cadherin expression, HIV receptor expression, and tissue RNA transcriptional profiles. The identification of an intact ectocervical microenvironment in HESN individuals add new data to current knowledge about natural resistance to sexual transmission of HIV.
Geochemistry of Water and Sediment
Authors: Frančišković-Bilinski Stanislav , Sakan Sanja
Published: March 2021

Access to drinking water is one of the largest problems of modern times, and water pollution is a growing problem worldwide [...]
Understanding the Spatial-Temporal Changes of Oasis Farmland in the Tarim River Basin from the Perspective of Agricultural Water Footprint
Authors: Long Aihua , Yu Jiawen , Deng Xiaoya , He Xinlin , Gao Haifeng , Zhang Ji , Ren Cai , Du Jie
Published: March 2021

The Tarim River Basin in China has predominantly assumed the task of commodity cotton and other high water-intensive crop production in recent years. The spatial matching status of agricultural water and land resources is a prerequisite for local economic development. This paper provides an insight into the spatiotemporal variation trends of agricultural production water footprint and oasis farmland in the Tarim River Basin. The degree of spatial mismatching between oasis farmland and crop production water footprints studied in this paper found how the crop water footprint affected the change in oasis farmland area by sensitivity analysis. Time series data covering the period of 1990–2015 were used for the study. The results showed that the annual variation of crop production water footprint and oasis farmland area have experienced upward trends in Tarim River Basin. The blue water makes the largest contribution to the components of the crop production water footprint in each district (all exceeded 77%). The crop production water footprint and oasis farmland area tend to aggregate towards the eastern region. The level of spatial mismatch between the blue water footprint and farmland area fluctuated during the study period, but it was gradually remedied after 2000, while the spatial mismatch between green water footprint and farmland area gradually worsened. The number of districts with mid and high sensitivity to changes in blue water footprint continuously increased during 1990–2005, which revealed that the change in blue water footprint has an increasing influence on oasis farmland. The results can provide operable recommendations for efficient use of water resources, maintaining oasis suitable farmland scale and agricultural sustainable development in the Tarim River Basin.
Integrating GIS-Based MCDA Techniques and the SCS-CN Method for Identifying Potential Zones for Rainwater Harvesting in a Semi-Arid Area
Authors: Al-Ghobari Hussein , Dewidar Ahmed Z.
Published: March 2021

An increasing scarcity of water, as well as rapid global climate change, requires more effective water conservation alternatives. One promising alternative is rainwater harvesting (RWH). Nevertheless, the evaluation of RWH potential together with the selection of appropriate sites for RWH structures is significantly difficult for the water managers. This study deals with this difficulty by identifying RWH potential areas and sites for RWH structures utilizing geospatial and multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) techniques. The conventional data and remote sensing data were employed to set up needed thematic layers using ArcGIS software. The soil conservation service curve number (SCS-CN) method was used to determine surface runoff, centered on which yearly runoff potential map was produced in the ArcGIS environment. Thematic layers such as drainage density, slope, land use/cover, and runoff were allotted appropriate weights to produced RWH potential areas and zones appropriate for RWH structures maps of the study location. Results analysis revealed that the outcomes of the spatial allocation of yearly surface runoff depth ranging from 83 to 295 mm. Moreover, RWH potential areas results showed that the study areas can be categorized into three RWH potential areas: (a) low suitability, (b) medium suitability, and (c) high suitability. Nearly 40% of the watershed zone falls within medium and high suitability RWH potential areas. It is deduced that the integrated MCDA and geospatial techniques provide a valuable and formidable resource for the strategizing of RWH within the study zones.
A Review of the Aim and Trend of Hospitality in Sangam Literature
Authors: K Thenmozhi
Published: March 2021

Hospitality plays a very important role in the culture of Tamils. Hospitality has been one of the life ethics of the people of the Sangam period. This article sets out to review the hospitality and culture of the Sangam literature. We will see about them in this article.
Hukum Badan Usaha yang Dapat Didirikan oleh Yayasan untuk Mewujudkan Kemudahan Iklim Berusaha di Indonesia
Authors: Kasiani .
Published: March 2021

Sebagai subyek hukum natural person, Undang-Undang Yayasan mengatur bahwa Yayasan dapat menjalankan kegiatan usaha sebagai sarana untuk menunjang Yayasan dalam  menjalankan maksud dan tujuannya, namun  undang-undang tidak menjelaskan bentuk badan usaha apa yang  dapat dijalankan oleh Yayasan, fakta di masyarakat suatu Yayasan mendirikan kegiatan usaha seperti kegiatan di bidang perternakan, perkebunan, pertokoan yang mana bentuk kegiatan tersebut layaknya kegiatan usaha perorangan, dengan menggunakan nama para organ Yayasan. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini yaitu bentuk badan usaha apa yang dapat didirikan dan atau diikuti oleh Yayasan sebagai investor, serta bagaimana legalitas kepemilikan kegiatan usaha Yayasan yang didirikan atas nama organ Yayasan. Melalui penelitian normatif disimpulkan bahwa Pertama, bentuk badan usaha yang  dapat didirikan dan atau diikuti oleh yayasan pada pekerkembangan pengaturan yang  ada adalah berbentuk perseroan terbatas (PT), Koperasi dan bentuk-bentuk lain yang  telah diatur dalam  Undang-Undang yang  dengan tegas menyatakan bahwa Yayasan merupakan badan penyelenggara dari kegiatan tersebut. Kedua, Yayasan tidak memiliki legalitas sebagai pemilik badan usaha dan legalitas kepemilikan ada pada nama organ Yayasan secara pribadi, sesuai nama yang tercantum di dalam akta pendirian badan usaha. Artinya meskipun kekayaan yang digunakan badan usaha seluruhnya adalah berasal dari kekayaan Yayasan, namun secara yuridis Yayasan tidak memiliki alas hukum bahwa badan usaha tersebut adalah milik Yayasan.
The “Caliphate Question”
Authors: Khan Saad Omar
Published: March 2021

This paper examines British approaches to the caliphate from the beginning of the First World War to the aftermath of its dissolution in 1924. Background will be given as to how the Islamic conception of the caliphate shifted over time. British use of the caliphate as a political tool in the nineteenth century is also examined, especially with regards to how strong British-Ottoman ties prior to the First World War affected India’s Muslims. The primary focus, however, will be on British ties with King Hussein of the Hejaz. British suggestions of an Arab caliphate encouraged the idea that Hussein should assume the title of caliph, which would later be a cause of agitation and concern for British policy in the British Empire. This is especially true with regards to India, as fear of Indo-Muslim opinion would deeply influence British policy when it came to the Ottoman Empire’s position in the post-bellum period. With the creation of the Turkish Republic and the subsequent disestablishment of the Ottoman caliphate, Hussein, sharif of the Hejaz, would officially announce his claim to the title. This dismayed the British foreign policy establishment, which strove to avoid suggestions of complicity lest further anti-British activity be encouraged in India. Eventually, the end of Hussein would come from Ibn Saud, his principle rival in the Arab world. Despite Hussein’s status as a British ally, the widespread anger against him in the Islamic world over the caliphate would persuade the British to distance themselves from him and his religious pretensions.
Una traducción hispanoamericana de The Raven, de E.A. Poe:El cuervo, de José Antonio Pérez Bonalde
Authors: Carrascosa Miguel Pablo , Zarandona Femández Juan Miguel
Published: March 2021

Pérez Bonalde (1846-1892) was a poet and translator from Venezúela who spent a important part of his life in the United States. This article focusses on one of his most outstanding literary merits: his early translation of the famous poem by E. A. Poe The Raven, El cuervo. It´s irnportance and influence in the development of the Hispanic Modernism is remembered, but commentaries and examples of the talent and resources of Pérez Bonalde, as a successful translator, fill the lines of most of the following paragraphs. Especially those related to the vocabulary and metrics. El cuervo supposes a real effort to faithfully adapt the original poem and denotes a profound knowledge of the American and Hispanic literary traditions.
Factors Influencing Economic Performance of Palm Oil Producers in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Authors: Aminu Folasade Oluremi , Umoh Justina
Published: March 2021

The study examined the factors influencing economic performance of palm oil production in Abak Local Government Area of Akwa-Ibom State, Nigeria. The study was based on primary data collected with the aid of pre-tested questionnaire from 120 respondents using multistage sampling technique in the study area. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were used for data analysis. Results revealed that majority (78%) of the palm oil producers were female with a mean age of about 50 years. The costs and returns analysis indicated that palm oil production was a profitable enterprise with a rate of return of 1.17. The result of the regression analysis revealed that age (p<0.05), education (p<0.01), membership of cooperative society (p<0.05), cost of equipment (p<0.05) and cost of labour were the significant factors influencing economic performance of palm oil producers in the study area. The major constraints faced by the producers were inadequate capital, lack of credit facilities, lack of access to improved inputs and technology, price fluctuation among others. The study recommended that, government, both at the federal and state levels should make credit facilities available and accessible to the palm oil producers at low interest rate in order to sustain and invigorate their economic performance.
A RESPONSABILIDADE E A INSEGURANÇA SOB O OLHAR DE MULHERES DE DIFERENTES GERAÇÕES APÓS O DIAGNÓSTICO DE HIV: ANÁLISE DE DISCURSO SOBRE SEXUALIDADE
Authors: Suto Cleuma Sueli Santos , Coelho Edméia de Almeida Cardoso , Paiva Mirian Santos , Porcino Carle , Couto Pablo Luiz Santos
Published: March 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o discurso de mulheres com diagnóstico de HIV sobre sexualidade considerando as características geracionais. Realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa em serviço de atenção especializada com 39 mulheres. O instrumento de coleta foi a entrevista e a técnica de Análise de Discurso que possibilitou operações semânticas e lógicas que revelaram a linguagem em interação por meio de categoria. Os resultados revelaram que a sexualidade é concebida segundo subgrupos geracionais como se manter fiel a um relacionamento afetivo-sexual, nem sempre satisfatório (jovens); arrependimento, medo e ciúmes do parceiro, mantendo o foco no autocuidado e no papel materno (adultas e de meia- -idade); centrado no binômio filho/infecção e na autocensura (idosas). Os aspectos geracionais divergentes ratificam a necessidade de novos estudos que abordem a temática ao revelar uma sexualidade que é negada e precisa permanecer em segredo, configurando e potencializando vulnerabilidades femininas que demandam cuidados e habilidades profissionais, considerando essas especificidades.
Studies to Understand The Importance of Risk Management in a Construction Project Procurement During Unprecedented Times
Authors:   RICS School of Built Environment, Amity University, Noida, India., P Ishwarya , Thanikal Joseph V ,   RICS School of Built Environment, Amity University, Noida, India., Misra Subendu Prasad ,   Galfar Engineering LLC, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman., Khan Mohd. Suhail ,   RICS School of Built Environment, Amity University, Noida, India.
Published: March 2021

Risk management is very vital in the construction industry as the industry is full of uncertainties. Every organization follows a risk management process in their projects especially if a project is complex and has a lot of technicalities, but the method of practice may differ in every organization and how importantly used in projects. The COVID-19 lockdown has created serious impacts on the supply chains of the industry. Hence, the study aimed to establish the importance of risk management in the procurement systems by assessing the impacts due to the pandemic lockdown. The data collection was limited in accessing the industry due to the guidelines issued by the government. The study used secondary data collection through a literature survey and a questionnaire survey. The identified risks were qualitatively analyzed using descriptive scales of likely hood and impact. This study has established the importance of risk management in procurement systems and the importance of risk management during natural disasters and other uncertain times. At times when everything comes to a halt and no movement is allowed, it’s important to be prepared to save a business from downfall, in case of situations like COVID19 and to mitigate project-specific risks.
Liver Cancer Key Genes Identification
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Mar Athanasius College of Engineering, Kothamangalam, India., Ebrahim Ashitha , George Prof. Joby ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Mar Athanasius College of Engineering, Kothamangalam, India.
Published: March 2021

Liver diseaseis perhaps the deadliest malignant grow th on the planet. In momentum contemplates, the capabilities for being chosen as key qualities in illnesses is bit low, constraining the precision of the anticipated key qualities in infections. To distinguish the key qualities of liver malignant growth with high exactness, and coordinated different microarray quality articulation datasets identified with the liver disease utilized. At that point recognize their basic DEGs (Differentially Expressed Genes) which will bring about more exact than those from the individual dataset. The datasets are on the whole human microarray quality articulation information recovered from the GEO ( Gene Expression Omnibus) database and need to discover differentially communicated qualities among wellbeing and liver malignancy conditions. In light of these qualities, a protein-protein association system can be built and dissected to recognize the qualities tests that are having a higher impact on the system. These quality examples are prepared by utilizing a neural system LSTM. From this prepared neural system, the key hubs can be recognized and they can be considered as the key qualities of liver malignant growth. In addition, the strategy can be applied to different sorts of informational collections to choose key qualities of other complex ailments.
Modelling and Design of an Electric Vehicle Fed with Dual Drive Motors using Hybrid Energy Storage System
Authors:   Bachelor of Technology Degree In Electrical And Electronics Engineering in Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Pulivendula, (A.P), India., Thanusha Bheemireddy , Sujatha G. ,   Assistant Professor in Electrical and Electronics Department at G. Narayanamma Institute of Technology and Science(G.N.I.T.S), Hyderabad, India.
Published: March 2021

Generally, battery running vehicles are there in public but those are limited to small ranges and life of battery also less. So in order to overcome those limitations, we aimed at hybrid energy storage systems which are combination of battery and Super capacitor. Dual drives using in this model are switched reluctance motor and Induction motor separately for front and rear wheels respectively. So that whenever one of the motor fails, the other motor should run the vehicle. To maintain supply at the motor input, two bi-directional converters exists for the motoring and braking operations. This whole model executed in MATLAB/SIMULINK model. Battery and super capacitor gives supply agreeing to the power demand. The controllers used for the SRM and IM are hysteresis current controller and FOC controller respectively.
Human Tracking Mechanism for Institutions using RFID and Facial Recognition
Authors:   Department of Information Technology, Shrimati Kashibai Navale College of Engineering, Pune (Maharashtra), India., Shaik Rameez , Patil Dr. Lalit V. ,   Professor, Department of Information Technology, Member BoS-IT & CEO- SPPU STES’s, Shrimati Kashibai Navale College of Engineering, Pune (Maharashtra), India.
Published: March 2021

The Adoption of digital content by the institutional members & students have seen rapid growth in recent years. The students could access the content across various devices, platform & applications, which has a direct implication on the physical presence of the student. The institutions follow old & very traditional base approach like a manual record of attendance to track the company of students which consumes a lot of time & efforts from the staff members. The study looks at the various technologies available in the market & present the implementation of the best possible solution. The latest use of technology of Facial Recognition with a combination of RFID will enhance the tracking process & also provide valuable insight into student behaviour. The data collected by the system can further utilize to improve the efficiency & effectiveness of student behaviour patterns & predict the learning trend, which will help the institutions to make the correct decisions.
Electric Field and Potential Distribution of Porcelain Insulator using FEM Method
Authors:   Research Scholar, Jain ( Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India., Mallikarjuna B , Ravi K N ,   Prof and Head, Dept of EEE, Sapthagiri College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India., Muralidhara V ,   Professor, Dept of EEE, BNM Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India., Vasudev N ,   Additional Director (Retd), CPRI, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Published: March 2021

The porcelain insulators are investigated with the high voltage transmission line in outdoor condition. The MATLAB finite element simulation are used here to test the performance of the porcelain. The PDE software is helpful in modelling the porcelain insulator in two dimensional. The pollution layer in the porcelain assumed to be uniform. The simulation demonstrates the electric field and potential distribution in the porcelain insulator. The porcelain insulators have higher field distribution near to the high voltage line. The results are represented as graphs. The MATLAB 2017b comes with preinstalled PDE tool. In this paper the PDE tool is used for the results and analysis.
A Social Network Scrum Framework for Software Development under COVID 19 Pandemic
Authors:   Computer Science Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, Thailand., Sophatsathit Nalinee
Published: March 2021

This research proposes a framework for social network scrum meeting that serves as an alternate means for work continuation under the COVID-19 pandemic. Conventional agile and scrum methods that require in-person meeting on daily basis, as well as scrum process become impractical under stringent ‘social lockdown’ mandates. To prevent any disruptive discontinuity, the proposed framework sets up an online meeting to replace the in-person stand-up meeting and scrum. Some supporting practices are also established to adjust both agile and scrum event flows that suit this online encounter. They are production development setup and social network meeting. The former offers industrial practices that are well entrenched and proven, while the latter has been used extensively in this digital age. The proposed method is tested with computer science student’s projects. Students are able to continue their meeting, discussion, and some outputs rather than being isolated with no fruitful outcome. The proposed method does establish some ground work to be explored for future software development environments that will suit to the imminent digital technological advancement.
A Practical Approach of Image Categorization
Authors:   Department of Computer Science & Engineering Dr. Akhilesh Das Gupta Institute of Technology & Management, New Delhi, India., Budhathoki Shubham , Rawat Dhruv ,   Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Dr. Akhilesh Das Gupta Institute of Technology & Management, New Delhi, India., Gupta Prateek ,   Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Dr. Akhilesh Das Gupta Institute of Technology & Management, New Delhi, India., Shukla Utsav ,   Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Dr. Akhilesh Das Gupta Institute of Technology & Management, New Delhi, India., Tomer Uma ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science & Engineering Dr. Akhilesh Das Gupta Institute of Technology & Management, New Delhi, India.
Published: March 2021

In the previous few years, there has been first-rate boom in the utilization of digital images. Users can now get admission to thousands and thousands of photos, a reality that poses the want for having strategies that can efficaciously and successfully search the visible records of interest. Image categorization and awareness have lengthy been related in the imaginative and prescient literature & studied in Computer Vision with a massive wide variety of options have been proposed. We prolonged the single-image mannequin to strategy the extra difficult issues of simultaneous categorization and focus of a whole image collection, with restricted or no supervision. We determined that sharing data about the structure and look of a phase throughout a series of photos of objects belonging to the identical class can enhance performance.