bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring spatial heterogeneity in synergistic effects of compound climate hazards: Extreme heat and wildfire smoke on cardiorespiratory hospitalizations in California
Authors: Chen Chen , Schwarz Lara , Rosenthal Noam , Marlier Miriam E. , Benmarhnia Tarik
Published: February 2024

Extreme heat and wildfire smoke events are increasingly co-occurring in the context of climate change, especially in California. Extreme heat and wildfire smoke may have synergistic effects on population health that vary over space. We leveraged high-resolution satellite and monitoring data to quantify spatially varying compound exposures to extreme heat and wildfire smoke in California (2006–2019) at ZIP Code Tabulation Area (ZCTA) level. We found synergistic effects between extreme heat and wildfire smoke on daily cardiorespiratory hospitalizations at the state level. We also found spatial heterogeneity in such synergistic effects across ZCTAs. Communities with lower education attainment, lower health insurance coverage, lower income, lower proportion of automobile ownership, lower tree canopy coverage, higher population density, and higher proportions of racial/ethnic minorities experienced higher synergistic effects. This study highlights the need to incorporate compound hazards and environmental justice considerations into evidence-based policy development to protect populations from increasingly prevalent compound hazards.
Precise CRISPR-Cas9 gene repair in autologous memory T cells to treat familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Li Xun , Wirtz Tristan , Weber Timm , Lebedin Mikhail , Lowenstein Elijah D. , Sommermann Thomas , Zach Andreas , Yasuda Tomoharu , de la Rosa Kathrin , Chu Van Trung , Schulte Johannes H. , Müller Ingo , Kocks Christine , Rajewsky Klaus
Published: February 2024

Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL) is an inherited, often fatal immune deficiency characterized by severe systemic hyperinflammation. Although allogeneic bone marrow transplantation can be curative, more effective therapies are urgently needed. FHL is caused by inactivating mutations in proteins that regulate cellular immunity. Here, we used an adeno-associated virus–based CRISPR-Cas9 system with an inhibitor of nonhomologous end joining to repair such mutations in potentially long-lived T cells ex vivo. Repaired CD8 memory T cells efficiently cured lethal hyperinflammation in a mouse model of Epstein-Barr virus–triggered FHL2, a subtype caused by perforin-1 (
Prf1
) deficiency. Furthermore, repair of
PRF1
and Munc13-4 (
UNC13D
)—whose deficiency causes the FHL subtype FHL3—in mutant memory T cells from two critically ill patients with FHL restored T cell cytotoxicity. These results provide a starting point for the treatment of genetic T cell immune dysregulation syndromes with repaired autologous T cells.
Recombinant parainfluenza virus 5 expressing clade 2.3.4.4b H5 hemagglutinin protein confers broad protection against H5Ny influenza viruses
Authors: Li Han , Sun Haoran , Tao Mengyan , Han Qiqi , Yu Haili , Li Jiaqi , Lu Xue , Tong Qi , Pu Juan , Sun Yipeng , Liu Litao , Liu Jinhua , Sun Honglei
Published: February 2024

The global circulation of clade 2.3.4.4b H5Ny highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) in poultry and wild birds, increasing mammal infections, continues to pose a public health threat and may even form a pandemic. An efficacious vaccine against H5Ny HPAIVs is crucial for emergency use and pandemic preparedness. In this study, we developed a parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5)-based vaccine candidate expressing hemagglutinin (HA) protein of clade 2.3.4.4b H5 HPAIV, termed rPIV5-H5, and evaluated its safety and efficacy in mice and ferrets. Our results demonstrated that intranasal immunization with a single dose of rPIV5-H5 could stimulate H5-specific antibody responses, moreover, a prime-boost regimen using rPIV5-H5 stimulated robust humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses in mice. Challenge study showed that rPIV5-H5 prime-boost regimen provided sterile immunity against lethal clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 virus infection in mice and ferrets. Notably, rPIV5-H5 prime-boost regimen provided protection in mice against challenge with lethal doses of heterologous clades 2.2, 2.3.2, and 2.3.4 H5N1, and clade 2.3.4.4h H5N6 viruses. These results revealed that rPIV5-H5 can elicit protective immunity against a diverse clade of highly pathogenic H5Ny virus infection in mammals, highlighting the potential of rPIV5-H5 as a pan-H5 influenza vaccine candidate for emergency use.

IMPORTANCE

Clade 2.3.4.4b H5Ny highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) have been widely circulating in wild birds and domestic poultry all over the world, leading to infections in mammals, including humans. Here, we developed a recombinant PIV5-vectored vaccine candidate expressing the HA protein of clade 2.3.4.4b H5 virus. Intranasal immunization with rPIV5-H5 in mice induced airway mucosal IgA responses, high levels of antibodies, and robust T-cell responses. Importantly, rPIV5-H5 conferred complete protection in mice and ferrets against clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 virus challenge, the protective immunity was extended against heterologous H5Ny viruses. Taken together, our data demonstrate that rPIV5-H5 is a promising vaccine candidate against diverse H5Ny influenza viruses in mammals.
Translational success of fundamental virology: a VSV-vectored Ebola vaccine
Authors: Anderson Elizabeth M. , Coller Beth-Ann G.
Published: February 2024

Ebola virus disease (EVD) caused by Ebola virus (EBOV) is a severe, often fatal, hemorrhagic disease. A critical component of the public health response to curb EVD epidemics is the use of a replication-competent, recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV)-vectored Ebola vaccine, rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP (ERVEBO). In this Gem, we will discuss the past and ongoing development of rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP, highlighting the importance of basic science and the strength of public-private partnerships to translate fundamental virology into a licensed VSV-vectored Ebola vaccine.
Hemophore-like proteins of the HmuY family in the oral and gut microbiome: unraveling the mystery of their evolution
Authors: Olczak Teresa , Śmiga Michał , Antonyuk Svetlana V. , Smalley John W.
Published: February 2024

Heme (iron protoporphyrin IX, FePPIX) is the main source of iron and PPIX for host-associated pathogenic bacteria, including members of the Bacteroidota (formerly Bacteroidetes) phylum.
Porphyromonas gingivalis
, a keystone oral pathogen, uses a unique heme uptake (Hmu) system, comprising a hemophore-like protein, designated as the first member of the novel HmuY family. Compared to classical, secreted hemophores utilized by Gram-negative bacteria or near-iron transporter domain-based hemophores utilized by Gram-positive bacteria, the HmuY family comprises structurally similar proteins that have undergone diversification during evolution. The best characterized are
P. gingivalis
HmuY and its homologs from
Tannerella forsythia
(Tfo),
Prevotella intermedia
(PinO and PinA),
Bacteroides vulgatus
(Bvu), and
Bacteroides fragilis
(BfrA, BfrB, and BfrC). In contrast to the two histidine residues coordinating heme iron in
P. gingivalis
HmuY, Tfo, PinO, PinA, Bvu, and BfrA preferentially use two methionine residues. Interestingly, BfrB, despite conserved methionine residue, binds the PPIX ring without iron coordination. BfrC binds neither heme nor PPIX in keeping with the lack of conserved histidine or methionine residues used by other members of the HmuY family. HmuY competes for heme binding and heme sequestration from host hemoproteins with other members of the HmuY family to increase
P. gingivalis
competitiveness. The participation of HmuY in the host immune response confirms its relevance in relation to the survival of
P. gingivalis
and its ability to induce dysbiosis not only in the oral microbiome but also in the gut microbiome or other host niches, leading to local injuries and involvement in comorbidities.
High-fat diet feeding exacerbates HIV-1 rectal transmission
Authors: Lohani Saroj Chandra , Ramer-Tait Amanda E. , Li Qingsheng
Published: February 2024

High-fat diet (HFD) is well known to impact various aspects of gut health and has been associated with many diseases and inflammation. However, the impact of HFD feeding on HIV-1 rectal transmission has not yet been well addressed. With an increasing threat of HIV-1 infection in men who have sex with men (MSM), where the rectal route is the primary mode of infection, it is imperative to understand the impact of HFD on gut microbiota and inflammation and consequently, its effect on HIV-1 rectal transmission. Here, we utilized our double humanized bone marrow, liver, thymus (dHu-BLT) mouse model to assess the impact of HFD feeding on the host’s susceptibility to HIV-1 rectal transmission. We found that feeding an HFD successfully altered the gut microbial composition within 3 weeks in the dHu-BLT mouse model. In addition, levels of inflammatory mediators, specifically IL-12p70, IP-10, ICAM-1, and fecal calprotectin, were significantly higher in HFD-fed mice compared to control mice on a regular chow diet. We also observed that significantly different inflammatory markers (IL-12p70 and ICAM-1) were negatively correlated with the number of observed ASVs, Shannon diversity, and Faith’s diversity in the HFD-fed group. Notably, when repeatedly challenged with a low dose of HIV-1
via
a rectal route, mice receiving an HFD were significantly more susceptible to HIV-1 rectal infection than control mice. Together, these results underscore the impact of HFD feeding on the gut microbiota and inflammation and suggest the significance of diet-induced gut microbial dysbiosis and inflammation in promoting viral infection.

IMPORTANCE

HFD induces gut microbial dysbiosis and inflammation and has been associated with many infections and disease progression; however, its impact on HIV-1 rectal transmission is largely unknown. Given the increasing threat of HIV-1 incidence in men who have sex with men (MSM), it has become crucial to comprehend the impact of factors associated with gut health, like HFD consumption, on host susceptibility to HIV-1 rectal transmission. This is particularly important since anal intercourse remains the primary mode of HIV transmission within the MSM group. In this study, utilizing our unique mouse model, featuring both the human immune system and gut microbiota, we showed that HFD feeding led to gut microbial dysbiosis, induced inflammation, and increased HIV-1 rectal transmission. Collectively, our study highlights the significant impact of HFD on gut microbiota and inflammation and suggests an HFD consumption as a potential risk factor for promoting HIV-1 rectal susceptibility.
Cohort profile: rationale and design of the Resource Center for Health Science (RECHS) project – a study of health hazards and medical cost burden among the Japanese population
Authors: Morishita Tetsuji , Takemura Masao , Hayashi Makoto , Saito Kuniaki , Yamamoto Yasuko , Tsurumi Hisashi , Matsunami Hidetoshi
Published: February 2024

Purpose

The increased global burden of non-communicable diseases and mental disorders is an urgent health challenge for countries around the entire world, especially those experiencing super-ageing societies, where over 21% of the population is age 65 years or older. Japan is the world’s most rapidly ageing society, and as a result, medical costs are also rising dramatically. With the aims of establishing a foundational framework for future research efforts, primarily focusing on the development of a personal health record (PHR) system, and creating a long-term repository for bioresources integrated with PHRs, this study investigated potential health risks and future healthcare burdens based on a longitudinal analysis of health records.

Participants

The Resource Center for Health Science (RECHS) project is a long-term, prospective biobank project, population and health check-up-based cohort that primarily investigates the associations between lifestyle and environmental factors and some surrogate markers of non-communicable diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease and cancer. Starting in 2010, we initiated an annual cohort study among voluntary participants recruited from health check-up programmes and collected data from the following sources: a self-administered baseline questionnaire that included items on dietary habits and stress, a Brief Self-Administered Diet History Questionnaire, the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and the General Health Questionnaire-28.

Findings to date

For this prospective cohort study, we planned to enrol approximately 10 000 participants. We collected and stored serum samples from all participants for future analyses. The study participants who still were able to participate in these health check-ups and their outcomes were then obtained from the measurements and questionnaire responses.

Future plans

Insights emerging from the RECHS study can provide researchers and public health policy administrators with evidence to aid in the prevention of non-communicable diseases and clarify the most malleable status to implement preventive measures.
Prognostic and predictive value of angiogenesis-associated serum proteins for immunotherapy in esophageal cancer
Authors: Gao Mengting , Wu Xueying , Jiao Xi , Hu Ying , Wang Yanni , Zhuo Na , Dong Fengxiao , Wang Yujiao , Wang Fengyuan , Cao Yanshuo , Liu Chang , Li Jian , Shen Lin , Zhang Henghui , Lu Zhihao
Published: February 2024

Background

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have significantly improved patient survival in multiple cancers. However, therapy response in esophageal cancer is limited to subgroups of patients and clinically useful predictive biomarkers are lacking.

Methods

We collected a series of plasma samples from 91 patients with esophageal cancer before and after ICI treatment. The Olink Immuno-Oncology panel (92 proteins) with proximity extension assays was used to detect the dynamic changes in plasma and potential biomarkers associated with treatment outcomes. We screened all survival-related proteins and established a risk score model to better predict the prognosis and treatment response in patients with esophageal cancer immunotherapy.

Results

We found that 47 out of 92 quantified proteins had significant changes in plasma levels during ICI treatment (p<0.050), and these changed proteins were involved in immune-related reactions, such as intercellular adhesion and T-cell activation. Notably, the baseline levels of three angiogenesis-related proteins (IL-8, TIE2, and HGF) were significantly associated with the survival outcomes of patients treated with ICIs (p<0.050). According to these prognostic proteins, we established an angiogenesis-related risk score, which could be a superior biomarker for ICI response prediction. In addition, antiangiogenic therapy combined with ICIs significantly improved overall survival compared with ICI monotherapy (p=0.044).

Conclusions

An angiogenesis-related risk score based on three proteins (IL-8, TIE2, and HGF) could predict ICI response and prognosis in patients with esophageal cancer, which warrants verification in the future. Our study highlights the potential application of combining ICIs and antiangiogenic therapy and supports Olink plasma protein sequencing as a liquid biopsy method for biomarker exploration.
Salmonella-mediated methionine deprivation drives immune activation and enhances immune checkpoint blockade therapy in melanoma
Authors: Zhou Sujin , Zhang Shiwei , Zheng Kexin , Li Zixuan , Hu Enyu , Mu Yunping , Mai Jialuo , Zhao Allan , Zhao Zhenggang , Li Fanghong
Published: February 2024

Background

Although immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based therapy is advantageous for patients with advanced melanoma, resistance and relapse are frequent. Thus, it is crucial to identify effective drug combinations and develop new therapies for the treatment of melanoma. SGN1, a genetically modifiedSalmonella typhimuriumspecies that causes the targeted deprivation of methionine in tumor tissues, is currently under investigation in clinical trials. However, the inhibitory effect of SGN1 on melanoma and the benefits of SGN1 in combination with ICIs remain largely unexplored. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the antitumor potential of SGN1, and its ability to enhance the efficacy of antibody-based programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors in the treatment of murine melanoma.

Methods

The antitumor activity of SGN1 and the effect of SGN1 on the efficacy of PD-L1 inhibitors was studied through murine melanoma models. Further, The Cancer Genome Atlas-melanoma cohort was clustered using ConsensusClusterPlus based on the methionine deprivation-related genes, and immune characterization was performed using xCell, Microenvironment Cell Populations-counter, Estimation of Stromal and Immune cells in MAlignant Tumor tissues using Expression data, and immunophenoscore (IPS) analyses. The messenger RNA data on programmed death-1 (PD-1) immunotherapy response were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis of methionine deprivation-up gene set was performed to determine the differences between pretreatment responders and non-responders.

Results

This study showed that both, the intratumoral and the intravenous administration of SGN1 in subcutaneous B16-F10 melanomas, suppress tumor growth, which was associated with an activated CD8+T-cell response in the tumor microenvironment. Combination therapy of SGN1 with systemic anti-PD-L1 therapy resulted in better antitumor activity than the individual monotherapies, respectively, and the high therapeutic efficacy of the combination was associated with an increase in the systemic level of tumor-specific CD8+T cells. Two clusters consisting of methionine deprivation-related genes were identified. Patients in cluster 2 had higher expression of methionine_deprivation_up genes, better clinical outcomes, and higher immune infiltration levels compared with patients in cluster 1. Western blot, IPS analysis, and immunotherapy cohort study revealed that methionine deficiency may show a better response to ICI therapy

Conclusions：

This study reportsSalmonella-based SGN1 as a potent anticancer agent against melanoma, and lays the groundwork for the potential synergistic effect of ICIs and SGN1 brought about by improving the immune microenvironment in melanomas.
Intrusion of the other: identity, ethics and transplantation in Sui Ishida’s
Tokyo Ghoul
Authors: Chang Hsin-chi
Published: February 2024

This essay examines the profound themes and complex narratives presented in Sui Ishida’s
Tokyo Ghoul
, focusing on the illegal xenotransplantation and the transformation of the protagonist, Ken Kaneki, as he undergoes ghoulification. It delves into concerns surrounding patient autonomy and the integrity of medical procedures within organ transplantation, raising thought-provoking questions about identity and the process of reconciling one’s sense of incompleteness in the context of xenograft research aimed at surpassing the transplantation. Through his transformation into a ghoul, Kaneki embodies the challenges faced by individuals undergoing organ transplantation and the profound impact it has on their sense of self, relationships and societal acceptance. The essay offers an insightful analysis of the stages of Kaneki’s ghoulification, shedding light on the interplay between medical technology, power dynamics, oppression and personal agency. It draws connections to philosophical and literary works, such as Jean-Luc Nancy’s reflections on organ transplantation and Kafka’s
The Metamorphosis
, to enhance the exploration of themes within
Tokyo Ghoul
.

In this essay, a comprehensive examination of the intricate dynamics of power, control and oppression within medical technology takes place. It underscores the challenges Kaneki faces as he navigates his transformed body and grapples with societal prejudices and discrimination. The essay critically reflects on the complex interplay of power, identity and ethics within the context of
Tokyo Ghoul
, prompting contemplation of the multifaceted dimensions of human existence and the societal structures that shape our understanding of identity, autonomy and acceptance. Kaneki’s transformation serves as a lens through which readers can examine the nuanced complexities and challenges associated with organ transplantation, medical ethics and the social implications of difference. By exploring the multifaceted themes and intricate narratives of
Tokyo Ghoul
, this essay considers the profound implications of xenotransplantation and the ethical considerations that arise in medical practice.
Future impacts of climate change on black spruce growth and mortality: review and challenges
Authors: Lesven Jonathan A. , Druguet Dayras Milva , Cazabonne Jonathan , Gillet François , Arsenault André , Rius Damien , Bergeron Yves
Published: February 2024

Black spruce ( Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) is the dominant conifer species across a large part of North American boreal forests, providing many goods and services essential to human activities, and playing a major climatic role through the global carbon cycle. However, a comprehensive synthesis of the effects of climate change on black spruce has not yet been undertaken. The dynamics of black spruce are influenced by various living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) factors, as well as their combined effects, which are particularly responsive to changes in climate. Climate change predictions suggest that northern ecosystems will experience the world's most significant impact. Therefore, black spruce is likely to undergo profound disruptions in its growth and mortality rate in the next few decades, resulting in significant changes in forestry and carbon storage. However, these changes will not be uniform throughout the entire distribution of the species. Future changes in temperature and precipitation will create more stress for water availability in the boreal forests of western and central North America than in their eastern counterparts. Thus, significant longitudinal and latitudinal gradients in tree growth and mortality variability are expected throughout the range of the species. This literature review aims to summarise the impacts of climate change on individual tree growth and mortality of this major species. While enhanced black spruce productivity could occur through both increased air temperature and nitrogen mineralisation in the soil, moisture limitation in central and western North America will result in significant growth reduction and mortality events across these regions. Conversely, under the expected climate change scenarios, black spruce forests may be more resilient in eastern North America, where climatic conditions appear more suitable, particularly in their northernmost range. In this review, we identify current research gaps for some disturbances, which should be addressed to better understand the impact of climate change on black spruce. Finally, we identify issues associated with sustainable forest management and the maintenance of black spruce under projected future climate changes.
From Particles to People: Quantum Metaphors in Organisational Analysis
Authors: Holtel Stefan
Published: February 2024

Quantum physics, with its divergence from conventional human conceptual frameworks, presents an intriguing challenge in comprehension and application. This enigmatic field appears incongruent with everyday experiences and resists interpretation through even the most rigorous mathematical formulations. Yet, the impending advent of commercial quantum computing, anticipated within the next decade, offers a unique perspective for understanding these complexities. Drawing from historical instances where the emergence of novel technologies catalysed the evolution of elucidating metaphors, this paper postulates the synchronous rise of quantum computing with the development of metaphors to explicate quantum effects. These metaphors hold significant potential to illuminate poorly understood areas of organisational behaviour, offering new lenses to view, interpret and analyse such phenomena. Three case studies, namely the agile transformation of ING Bank, the seminal Hawthorne experiments and two large-scale training programs implemented by Starbucks, are deployed to substantiate the proposed use of quantum metaphors as supplementary interpretative tools. The emergence of this new metaphorical language, intrinsically tied to the unfolding of quantum computing technology, may herald the advent of novel research methodologies and paradigms. This exploratory study serves as a precursor to further research in organisational studies through the lens of quantum metaphors, opening doors to a more profound understanding of complex organisational phenomena.
Liquid Crystal Materials for Electronically Reconfigurable Antennas: Overview Toward 5G Applications
Authors: Sharma Ashish Kumar
Published: February 2024

This paper discusses the use of Liquid Crystal (LC) technology for Electronically Reconfigurable Antennas (ERAs) that are essential for future-based 5G communication systems and satellite platforms. This comprehensive study covers the development of liquid crystal performance metrics and the deployment of LC technology for RF front-end antenna systems, ranging from GHz to THz frequency bands. Here, low profile LC varactor with phase shifter-based antenna systems is investigated for beam steering, enabling to scan a wide range with minimum scan time of operation. The LC phase shifter-based antenna has shown an insertion loss of ≪3[Formula: see text]dB for 5G frequency bands and a high figure-of-merit over a bandwidth of 2.5[Formula: see text]GHz with minimum time response of 30[Formula: see text]ms. These LC-based ERAs can feature wide beam scanning angles with high power-handling capability, better efficiency, high linearity with low power consumption for satellite ground terminals and 5G communication systems.
U.S. Copyright Office's Questions about Generative AI
Authors: Samuelson Pamela
Published: February 2024

Generating more questions than answers.
Knowledge Graph Embedding: A Survey from the Perspective of Representation Spaces
Authors: Cao Jiahang , Fang Jinyuan , Meng Zaiqiao , Liang Shangsong
Published: February 2024

Knowledge graph embedding (KGE) is an increasingly popular technique that aims to represent entities and relations of knowledge graphs into low-dimensional semantic spaces for a wide spectrum of applications such as link prediction, knowledge reasoning and knowledge completion. In this article, we provide a systematic review of existing KGE techniques based on representation spaces. Particularly, we build a fine-grained classification to categorise the models based on three mathematical perspectives of the representation spaces: (1) algebraic perspective, (2) geometric perspective and (3) analytical perspective. We introduce the rigorous definitions of fundamental mathematical spaces before diving into KGE models and their mathematical properties. We further discuss different KGE methods over the three categories, as well as summarise how spatial advantages work over different embedding needs. By collating the experimental results from downstream tasks, we also explore the advantages of mathematical space in different scenarios and the reasons behind them. We further state some promising research directions from a representation space perspective, with which we hope to inspire researchers to design their KGE models as well as their related applications with more consideration of their mathematical space properties.
The heart-bone connection: relationships between myocardial infarction and osteoporotic fracture
Authors: Tjandra Priscilla M. , Ripplinger Crystal M. , Christiansen Blaine A.
Published: February 2024

Myocardial infarction (MI) and osteoporotic fracture (Fx) are two of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Although these traumatic injuries are treated as if they are independent, there is epidemiological evidence linking the incidence of Fx and MI, thus raising the question of whether each of these events can actively influence the risk of the other. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis, the chronic conditions leading to MI and Fx, are known to have shared pathoetiology. Furthermore, sustained systemic inflammation after traumas such as MI and Fx has been shown to exacerbate both underlying chronic conditions. However, the effects of MI and Fx outside their own system have not been well studied. The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the complement system initiate a systemic response after MI that could lead to subsequent changes in bone remodeling through osteoclasts. Similarly, SNS and complement system activation following fracture could lead to heart tissue damage and exacerbate atherosclerosis. To determine whether damaging bone-heart cross talk may be important comorbidity following Fx or MI, this review details the current understanding of bone loss after MI, cardiovascular damage after Fx, and possible shared underlying mechanisms of these processes.
M-Polynomial and NM-Polynomial Methods for Topological Indices of Polymers
Authors: Yasin H Mohammed , Suresh M. , Tefera Zebene G. , Fufa Samuel A.
Published: February 2024

Topological indices (TIs) are numerical tools widely applied in chemometrics, biomedicine, and bioinformatics for predicting diverse physicochemical attributes and biological activities within molecular structures. Despite their significance, the challenges in deriving TIs necessitate novel approaches. This study addresses the limitations of conventional methods in dealing with dynamic molecular structures, focusing on the neighborhood M-polynomial (NM-polynomial), a pivotal polynomial for calculating degree-based TIs. Current literature acknowledges these polynomials but overlooks their limited adaptability to intricate biopolymer relationships. Our research advances by computing degree-based and neighborhood degree-based indices for prominent biopolymers, including polysaccharides, poly-γ-glutamic acid, and poly-L-lysine. Through innovative utilization of the NM-polynomial and the M-polynomial, we establish a fresh perspective on molecular structure and topological indices. Moreover, we present diverse graph representations highlighting the nuanced correlations between indices and structural parameters. By systematically investigating these indices and their underlying polynomials, our work contributes to predictive modelling in various fields. This exploration sheds light on intricate biochemical systems, offering insights into applications encompassing medicine, the food industry, and wastewater treatment. This research deepens our understanding of complex molecular interactions and paves the way for enhanced applications in diverse industries.
VGESO-Based Finite-Time Fault-Tolerant Tracking Control for Quadrotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
Authors: Shen Haidong , Du Jiwei , Yan Kun , Liu Yanbin , Chen Jinbao
Published: February 2024

Based on the variable gain extended state observer, a finite-time fault-tolerant control strategy is developed for the quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle with actuator faults and external disturbances. Firstly, a novel variable gain extended state observer is designed to estimate the unknown external disturbances, which mitigates the initial peaking phenomenon existing in traditional extended state observer-based methods. Meanwhile, the neural networks are applied to accurately approximate unknown couplings online. Moreover, with the help of the projection operator technique, the unknown actuator faults are observed in real time. Combined with the backstepping framework, the finite-time robust fault-tolerant control scheme is constructed and the stability is strictly proved via Lyapunov’s theory. Finally, the validity of the developed control scheme is demonstrated through numerical simulations.
Challenge-Oriented Organizational Citizenship Behaviors among Nurses: The Influence of Perceived Inclusive Leadership and Organizational Justice in High-Intensity Work Environment
Authors: Li Zhen , Chen Kefan , Meng Qing , Meng Zhaoli , Zhao Yu , Li Dehui
Published: February 2024

Aims. This study was designed to investigate the impact of inclusive leadership on challenge-oriented citizenship behaviors and examine the mediating role of organizational justice on the relationship between inclusive leadership and challenge-oriented citizenship behaviors among nurses. Background. Leaders exhibiting an inclusive leadership style have the potential to create a positive work climate and motivate members of the organization. However, the mechanisms by which organizational justice contributes to this process remain to be explored, particularly in terms of how it motivates challenge-oriented organizational citizenship behaviors. Method. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among nurses in China at the end period of the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 527 registered nurses were enrolled and completed the self-report questionnaires including inclusive leadership scale, organizational justice scale, and challenge-oriented citizenship behavior scale. The hypotheses were tested using hierarchical multiple regression analyses and structural equation modelling. Results. The results of empirical tests revealed that nurse leader’s inclusive leadership had a positive relationship on nurses’ challenge-oriented organizational citizenship behaviors (β = 0.823, p<0.001) after controlling several demographic covariates. Meanwhile, inclusive leadership was positively linked to organizational justice (β = 0.747, p<0.001), and the indirect effect of inclusive leadership on nurses’ challenge-oriented citizenship behaviors through organizational justice was statistically significant (β = 0.641, p<0.001). Furthermore, the model fit indices were χ2/df = 1.952, RMSEA = 0.043, CFI = 0.979, and TLI = 0.977, indicating that the model had high quality. Conclusion. This study could help nurse leaders with inclusive leadership style have a better understanding and taking the advantages of the influence mechanism of organizational justice in inspiring nurses’ challenge-oriented citizenship behaviors. While nurse managers can inspire challenge-oriented organizational citizenship behaviors through inclusive leadership, they should also emphasize the evaluative and behavioral-shaping effects of organizational justice. Both leadership and organizational justice are essential to motivate challenge-oriented organizational citizenship behaviors and to foster organizational development. Moreover, managers should focus on the process and conditions of implementing organizational justice to ensure fairness within the organization and to create a conducive environment for challenge-oriented organizational citizenship behaviors.
Effects of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Blood Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Cell Immunity in Nonobese Mice
Authors: Ou Yang , Yang Yang , Wang Yan , Su Heng , Zhou Yi-kun
Published: February 2024

Autoimmune responses are the most important pathogenic mechanisms underlying type 1 diabetes (T1D). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have immunomodulatory effects. In this study, we investigated whether EVs derived from human umbilical cord MSCs (HucMSC‐EVs) have treatment effects on nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice as model of T1D. HucMSC‐EVs were isolated from human umbilical cord MSCs and characterized. NOD mice (aged 4 weeks) were administered with HucMSC‐EVs or the same volume of phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS) via caudal vein injection twice per week. After 8 weeks of treatment, blood, spleen, and pancreatic samples were collected. Mouse blood glucose levels and body weights were measured during treatment, and insulin concentration and inflammatory cytokine levels were analyzed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining were used to evaluate pathological changes in mouse islets. T lymphocyte subsets were evaluated by flow cytometry, while quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and Western blot (WB) analyses were used to detect the expression of transcription factor and inflammatory cytokines. Our data indicated that HucMSC‐EVs treatment reduced blood glucose levels and increased insulin concentration in NOD mice. Levels of interleukin‐2 (IL‐2), IL‐4, and IL‐10 were significantly increased and those of IL‐1β and interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) significantly decreased in the HucMSC‐EVs group. The positive ratio of CD4+ T lymphocyte subsets decreased after intravenous injection of HucMSC‐EVs, in which the proportion of Th2 cells increased and that of Th1 decreased. GATA‐3 and IL‐2, IL‐4 and IL‐10 expression levels were upregulated in spleen on treatment with HucMSC‐EVs, whereas those of T‐bet and IFN‐γ were downregulated. In addition, more inflammatory cell infiltration was detected in the pancreas of control group mice than those treated with HucMSC‐EVs. IHC staining showed that Fas/FasL expression and distribution in control group pancreas were higher than those in the HucMSC‐EVs group. Together, our findings indicate that HucMSC‐EVs have potential to prevent islet injury via T cell immune responses by adjusting the Th1/Th2 ratio to regulate secretion of inflammatory factors.
Supplementary Table S5 from High-Fat Diet Promotes Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia through PPARδ-Enhanced Self-renewal of Preleukemic Progenitors
Authors: Mazzarella Luca , Falvo Paolo , Adinolfi Marta , Tini Giulia , Gatti Elena , Piccioni Rossana , Bonetti Emanuele , Gavilán Elena , Valli Debora , Gruszka Alicja , Bodini Margherita , Gallo Barbara , Orecchioni Stefania , de Michele Giulia , Migliaccio Enrica , Duso Bruno A. , Roerink Sophie , Stratton Mike , Bertolini Francesco , Alcalay Myriam , Dellino Gaetano Ivan , Pelicci Pier Giuseppe
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Table S5: KEGG GSEA analysis in LINO vs BSA treatment in NB4 RNAseq
Supplementary Table S2 from High-Fat Diet Promotes Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia through PPARδ-Enhanced Self-renewal of Preleukemic Progenitors
Authors: Mazzarella Luca , Falvo Paolo , Adinolfi Marta , Tini Giulia , Gatti Elena , Piccioni Rossana , Bonetti Emanuele , Gavilán Elena , Valli Debora , Gruszka Alicja , Bodini Margherita , Gallo Barbara , Orecchioni Stefania , de Michele Giulia , Migliaccio Enrica , Duso Bruno A. , Roerink Sophie , Stratton Mike , Bertolini Francesco , Alcalay Myriam , Dellino Gaetano Ivan , Pelicci Pier Giuseppe
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Table S2: KDM6 copy number analysis in APL WES and colonies WGS
Supplementary Figure 1 from Single-Cell Transcriptomics Reveals the Heterogeneity of the Immune Landscape of IDH–Wild-Type High-Grade Gliomas
Authors: Ran Xiaojuan , Zheng Jian , Chen Linchao , Xia Zhen , Wang Yin , Sun Chengfang , Guo Chen , Lin Peng , Liu Fuyi , Wang Chun , Zhou Jianguo , Sun Chongran , Liu Qichang , Ma Jianzhu , Qin Zhiyong , Zhu Xiangdong , Xie Qi
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Figure 1
Supplementary table 1 from Tumor-Derived RAB21+ABHD12+ sEVs Drive the Premetastatic Microenvironment in the Lung
Authors: Wu Kun , Li Yan , Ji Yikang , Liu Chun , Wang Xiaoning , Guo Haiyan , Zhang Jianjun , He Yue
Published: February 2024

Supplementary table 1
Figure S13 from M9657 Is a Bispecific Tumor-Targeted Anti-CD137 Agonist That Induces MSLN-Dependent Antitumor Immunity without Liver Inflammation
Authors: Xu Chunxiao , Zhou Xueyuan , Webb Lindsay , Yalavarthi Sireesha , Zheng Wenxin , Saha Somdutta , Schweickhardt Rene , Soloviev Maria , Jenkins Molly H. , Brandstetter Susanne , Belousova Natalya , Alimzhanov Marat , Rabinovich Brian , Deshpande Amit M. , Brewis Neil , Helming Laura
Published: February 2024

Tumor-targeted immune activation does not result in increased liver inflammation
Figure S1 from M9657 Is a Bispecific Tumor-Targeted Anti-CD137 Agonist That Induces MSLN-Dependent Antitumor Immunity without Liver Inflammation
Authors: Xu Chunxiao , Zhou Xueyuan , Webb Lindsay , Yalavarthi Sireesha , Zheng Wenxin , Saha Somdutta , Schweickhardt Rene , Soloviev Maria , Jenkins Molly H. , Brandstetter Susanne , Belousova Natalya , Alimzhanov Marat , Rabinovich Brian , Deshpande Amit M. , Brewis Neil , Helming Laura
Published: February 2024

M9567 mAb2 TM structure and molecules used for primary research
Supplement figure 3 from Tumor-Derived RAB21+ABHD12+ sEVs Drive the Premetastatic Microenvironment in the Lung
Authors: Wu Kun , Li Yan , Ji Yikang , Liu Chun , Wang Xiaoning , Guo Haiyan , Zhang Jianjun , He Yue
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Figure 3. (a) The ABHD12 expression of HNSCC tumor and normal tissue from TCGA database; (b) The correlation analysis between ABHD12 expression level and M2 macrophage infiltration in Timer2.0 database.
Supplement figure 2 from Tumor-Derived RAB21+ABHD12+ sEVs Drive the Premetastatic Microenvironment in the Lung
Authors: Wu Kun , Li Yan , Ji Yikang , Liu Chun , Wang Xiaoning , Guo Haiyan , Zhang Jianjun , He Yue
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Figure 2. (a) Immunofluorescence staining of CD68 distribution (Red) in macrophage. Scale bar: 50 μm; (b-d) Macrophages, BEAS-2B and HBE were cocultured with EpCAM-GFP labelled sEVs from HNSCC cell lines for 8 h (b), 16h (c) and 24h (d). Confocal Microscopy was used to analyze the internalization of HNSCC-derived sEVs into macrophages, BEAS-2B and HBE. (e) Quantitative analysis for integrin-β1 in macrophage, BEAS-2B and HBE. (f) Quantitative analysis for RAB21 in sEVs. (g) The mouse pulmonary epithelial cells and macrophages were isolated by flow cytometry. The Immunoblotting analysis was used to detect integrin-β1 in mouse macrophage and pulmonary epithelial cells. (h) Quantitative analysis for integrin-β1 in mouse pulmonary epithelial cells and macrophages. (i) The schematic of preparing pre-metastatic niche formation with sEVs injection via tail vein, followed with tail vein injection of SCC7luciferase for performing lung metastasis vivo experiment;
Supplement figure 1 from Tumor-Derived RAB21+ABHD12+ sEVs Drive the Premetastatic Microenvironment in the Lung
Authors: Wu Kun , Li Yan , Ji Yikang , Liu Chun , Wang Xiaoning , Guo Haiyan , Zhang Jianjun , He Yue
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Figure 1. (a-c) The normal saline (control) and sEVsSCC7 (50 μg) were injected into tail vein. After 24 h, flow cytometry analysis for immune cells. (a) Percentage of CD8 T cells. (b) percentage of CD4 T cells. (c) Percentage of Treg cells. (d-h) The normal saline (control), the SCC7 derived-sEVs (sEVsSCC7, 50 μg) and normal epithelial derived-sEVs (sEVsNormal, 50 μg) were injected into tail vein. The normal epithelial derived-sEVs were collected from mouse buccal mucosa epithelial cell. After 24 h, flow cytometry analysis for macrophage. (d) Percentage of macrophage. (e) KI67 level of macrophages. (f) CCR2 level of macrophages. (g) Percentage of M2 macrophages (CD206+). (h) PD-L1 level of macrophages. (i) Quantitative analysis for Alix, TSG101, Syntenin, EpCAM, CD9 and CD63.
Supplementary Table 1 from Lymph Node–Targeted Vaccine Boosting of TCR T-cell Therapy Enhances Antitumor Function and Eradicates Solid Tumors
Authors: Drakes Dylan J. , Abbas Abdulraouf M. , Shields Jacqueline , Steinbuck Martin P. , Jakubowski Aniela , Seenappa Lochana M. , Haqq Christopher M. , DeMuth Peter C.
Published: February 2024

Flow Cytometry Antibodies
Supplementary Figures 1–20 from Lymph Node–Targeted Vaccine Boosting of TCR T-cell Therapy Enhances Antitumor Function and Eradicates Solid Tumors
Authors: Drakes Dylan J. , Abbas Abdulraouf M. , Shields Jacqueline , Steinbuck Martin P. , Jakubowski Aniela , Seenappa Lochana M. , Haqq Christopher M. , DeMuth Peter C.
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Fig. S1: Design of a lymph node-targeted TCR-T cell therapy vaccine combination.
Supplementary Fig. S2: Representative flowcytometric gating strategy.
Supplementary Fig. S3: TCR-T therapy in irradiation pre-conditioned hosts does not improve activity against established B16F10 tumors.
Supplementary Fig. S4: AMP-vaccination enhances TCR-T cell therapy and eradicates established B16F10 solid tumors.
Supplementary Fig. S5: Vaccination alone is not effective to treat established B16F10 solid tumors.
Supplementary Fig. S6: AMP-vaccination enhances TCR-T cell therapy against B16F10 solid tumors at multiple TCR-T dose levels.
Supplementary Fig. S7: AMP-vaccination enhances TCR-T cell therapy and eradicates established solid tumors.
Supplementary Fig. S8: Exposure to lymph nodes from AMP-vaccinated mice enhances TCR-T cell cytokine production ex vivo.
Supplementary Fig. S9: Exposure to lymph nodes from AMP-vaccinated mice enhance antigen-specific naïve TCR-T cell cytokine production ex vivo.
Supplementary Fig. S10: Gene ontology pathway classification for Nanostring analysis.
Supplementary Fig. S11: AMP-vaccination induces differential mRNA levels across a broad range of transcripts present in lymph node and tumor.
Supplementary Fig. S12: Tumor infiltrating TCR-T cells induced by AMP-vaccination do not exhibit exhausted phenotype.
Supplementary Fig. S13: AMP-vaccine combination with TCR-T results in tumor-specific endogenous T cell responses in lymph nodes which correlate to tumor infiltrating responses.
Supplementary Fig. S14: Depletion of TCR-T cells from long-term survivors.
Supplementary Fig. S15: Schematic of vaccination protocol with fluorescently labelled components.
Supplementary Fig. S16: AMP-vaccination induces DC activation within lymph nodes of HLA A*11:01 transgenic mice.
Supplementary Fig. S17: NY-ESO-1-specific human TCR-T cells are specifically activated by AMP-peptide pulsed autologous DCs in vitro.
Supplementary Fig. S18: mKRAS- and HPV16 E7-specific human TCR-T cells are specifically activated by AMP-peptide-pulsed autologous DCs in vitro.
Supplementary Fig. S19: mKRAS-specific human TCR-T cells are specifically activated in vitro by autologous DCs pulsed with AMP-peptides incubated in mock in vivo conditions.
Supplementary Fig. S20: mKRAS-specific human TCR-T cells co-cultured with AMP-peptide-pulsed autologous DCs in vitro enhance in vivo anti-tumor efficacy.
Supplementary video 4 from Engagement of CD99 Activates Distinct Programs in Ewing Sarcoma and Macrophages
Authors: Manara Maria Cristina , Manferdini Cristina , Cristalli Camilla , Carrabotta Marianna , Santi Spartaco , De Feo Alessandra , Caldoni Giulia , Pasello Michela , Landuzzi Lorena , Lollini Pier-Luigi , Salamanna Francesca , Dominici Sabrina , Fiori Valentina , Magnani Mauro , Lisignoli Gina , Scotlandi Katia
Published: February 2024

Video 4 C7
Supplementary Figure 9 from Engagement of CD99 Activates Distinct Programs in Ewing Sarcoma and Macrophages
Authors: Manara Maria Cristina , Manferdini Cristina , Cristalli Camilla , Carrabotta Marianna , Santi Spartaco , De Feo Alessandra , Caldoni Giulia , Pasello Michela , Landuzzi Lorena , Lollini Pier-Luigi , Salamanna Francesca , Dominici Sabrina , Fiori Valentina , Magnani Mauro , Lisignoli Gina , Scotlandi Katia
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Figure 9
Supplementary Figure 7 from Engagement of CD99 Activates Distinct Programs in Ewing Sarcoma and Macrophages
Authors: Manara Maria Cristina , Manferdini Cristina , Cristalli Camilla , Carrabotta Marianna , Santi Spartaco , De Feo Alessandra , Caldoni Giulia , Pasello Michela , Landuzzi Lorena , Lollini Pier-Luigi , Salamanna Francesca , Dominici Sabrina , Fiori Valentina , Magnani Mauro , Lisignoli Gina , Scotlandi Katia
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Figure 7
Supplementary Figure 5 from Engagement of CD99 Activates Distinct Programs in Ewing Sarcoma and Macrophages
Authors: Manara Maria Cristina , Manferdini Cristina , Cristalli Camilla , Carrabotta Marianna , Santi Spartaco , De Feo Alessandra , Caldoni Giulia , Pasello Michela , Landuzzi Lorena , Lollini Pier-Luigi , Salamanna Francesca , Dominici Sabrina , Fiori Valentina , Magnani Mauro , Lisignoli Gina , Scotlandi Katia
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Figure 5