bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bridging barriers in inclusive classrooms: Avenues for communication between general education teachers and families
Authors:   , Wick Nicole
Published: October 2024

Family-teacher communications have proven beneficial for the academic, social and behavioral success of students at all levels. Research studies have specifically examined this dynamic as it relates to general education teachers and general education families, teachers and families at the primary level, and special education teachers and special education families. However, there is minimal research regarding communication strategies between families of students with disabilities (FSWDs) and general education teachers of inclusive classrooms (GETINs) at the high school level. In order to address this gap in the literature, this action research study investigated the following research questions: 1) To what extent do the perspectives of GETINs and FSWDs at the high school level reflect the social and/or medical models of disability? 2) How do the dynamics of an inclusive classroom impact the communication barriers faced between teachers and families? 3) How can certain avenues and styles of communication foster positive collaboration between GETINs and FSWDs at the high school level? Using Disability Studies as the theoretical framework, this research was conducted using an interpretivist explanatory sequential mixed-methodology approach. Participants consisted of forty FSWDs and thirty-six GETINs. Data was collected using Likert scale surveys, open-ended response questions, and focus group meetings. Both integrative and convergent methods were used to analyze the data. The results of the study confirmed that much of the literature regarding family-teacher communications is applicable and relevant to an area not previously studied, the high school inclusive classroom. This study filled a gap and added to the literature by identifying dynamics that are unique to the inclusive classroom and by providing steps to improve those dynamics. This study also determined specific styles and avenues of communication that GETINs and FSWDs can use to not only collaborate for students, but also with students.
Understanding Organizational Culture through Schein's Model
Authors: Westover Jonathan
Published: October 2024

This article explores Edgar Schein's influential model of organizational culture and its application for business leaders seeking to assess and influence culture within their industries. Schein defines culture as having three levels - artifacts, espoused values, and basic underlying assumptions. By examining culture through this framework, leaders gain a nuanced understanding of both visible and unconscious drivers of employee behaviors and organizational dynamics. The article discusses how leaders can analyze each level of culture and provides industry examples from healthcare and higher education. It argues that understanding culture's deeper roots allows leaders to intentionally shape artifacts and espoused values in a way that aligns all levels and helps evolve basic assumptions over time. Using Schein's model, leaders are equipped with a practical tool for purposefully examining and impacting their unique organizational culture to cultivate high performance, fulfill missions, and drive business success.
حدود حرية الرأي والتعبير في ظل التطور التكنولوجي المعاصر
Authors: الجادري سجاد سعيد حبيب
Published: October 2024

تهدف دراسة موضوع حدود حرية الرأي والتعبير في ظل التطور التكنولوجي المعاصر إلى التعرف على سبل توظيف الدولة لسلطاتها الثلاث في تحقيق التوازن بين حرية الرأي والتعبير في ظل التطور التكنولوجي المعاصر، لما لهذا الموضوع من أهمية تتمثل في دور شبكات التواصل الاجتماعي في تمكين الأفراد من ممارسة حريتهم في التعبير عن آرائهم، خصوصا بعد انتقال سلوك الأفراد بشكل ملحوظ من الواقع المادي إلى الواقع الافتراضي.
وتطرح الدراسة إشكالية تتمحور حول ما هي سبل تحقيق التوازن بين حرية الرأي والتعبير من قبل السلطة في الدولة في ظل التطور التكنولوجي؟ وللإجابة على الإشكالية تم الاعتماد على التقسيم الثنائي للدراسة إلى مبحثين، نُبين في المبحث الأول حرية الرأي والتعبير عبر شبكات التواصل الاجتماعي، ونُبين في المبحث الثاني مخاطر شبكات التواصل الاجتماعي على النظام العام، واختتمت الدراسة بخاتمة تضم العديد من النتائج أهمها: تساهم إساءة استخدام شبكات التواصل الاجتماعي في زعزعة الأمن والاستقرار عن طريق إشاعة الفوضى وزعزعة الطمأنينة وبث روح الكراهية بين مختلف طبقات المجتمع، وبعض التوصيات أهمها: تحقيقاً لحماية الحريات العامة وضمان ممارستها يتطلب وضع نص دستوري ينص على "كل تقييد لحرية أو حق أساسي تسوغه المصلحة العامة يجب أن يخضع لمراقبة القضاء".
وسائل الضبط الإداري ومدى فاعليتها في المحافظة على الصحة العامة في فلسطين دراسة حالة "كوفيد-19"
Authors: حرارة ط.د. محمد
Published: October 2024

جائحة كورونا أو ما يسمى "كوفيد-19" أثرت بشكل مباشر على الصحة العامة للإنسان؛ وهذا ما استدعى تدخل الدول عبر أنظمتها الداخلية لمواجهة هذه الجائحة والحد من انتشارها، وتقليل انتشار هذه الجائحة؛ عبر البشر؛ والحيوانات، نظراً لانتشارها بشكل سريع جداً. ولجأت فلسطين إلى مواجهة هذه الجائحة عبر تطبيق أحكام وسائل الضبط الإداري، كون إحدى وظائف الضبط الإداري هي المحافظة على الصحة العامة. ومن وسائل الضبط الإداري التي لجأت إليها فلسطين لمجابهة خطر انتشار جائحة كورونا لوائح الضبط الإداري؛ والقرارات الضبطية الفردية؛ والتنفيذ الجبري، كما أن استعمال هذه الوسائل كان لها أثر كبير في حماية الصحة العامة والحد من خطر انتشار جائحة كورونا. وتهدف الدراسة التي بين أيدينا إلى معرفة مدى فاعلية الجهود التي بذلتها فلسطين في مواجهة جائحة كورونا والحد من انتشارها، وأثر الإجراءات المبذولة في حماية الصحة العامة. وللوصول إلى هدف الدراسة فقد اتبع الباحث المنهج التحليلي والاستقرائي للإجراءات والوسائل الضبطية الإدارية التي طبقتها فلسطين في سبيل مواجهة الجائحة. وخلص الباحث إلى مجموعة من النتائج والتوصيات، وكان من أهم النتائج: إحدى مكونات النظام العام المحافظة على الصحة العامة والتي يتعين على الدولة المحافظة عليها ووقايتها من أي خطر.
اختصاص المحكمة الإدارية الفلسطينية بالتعويض عن القرارات الإدارية غير المشروعة
Authors: الحسيني ط.د. رامي
Published: October 2024

تهدف دراسة اختصاص المحكمة الإدارية الفلسطينية بالتعويض عن القرارات الإدارية غير المشروعة إلى التعرف إلى مفهوم دعوى التعويض عن القرارات الإدارية، والتعرف على الخصائص التي تمتاز بها هذه الدعوى والأهمية التي تتمتع بها، وبيان الأركان الواجب توافرها لانعقاد الاختصاص للقضاء الإداري بتقدير قيمة التعويض المستحق للطاعن نتيجة صدور القرار الإداري غير المشروع بحقه.
لما لهذا الموضوع من أهمية في إنصاف المتضرر من القرارات الإدارية غير المشروعة الصادرة بحقة من قبل الإدارة، ويطرح الموضوع إشكالية رئيسية تتمثل في مدى اختصاص المحكمة الإدارية بالتعويض عن القرارات الإدارية الصادرة عن الإدارة في ظل أحكام القرار بقانون رقم (41) لسنة 2020م بشأن المحاكم الإدارية وتعديلاته؟
واختتمت الدراسة بالعديد من النتائج أهمها أن القضاء الإداري الفلسطيني متمثلاً بمحكمة العدل العليا (سابقاً) في ظل أحكام قانون تشكيل المحاكم النظامية وقانون السلطة القضائية وقانون أصول المحاكمات المدنية والتجارية، كان قضاء إلغاء دون تعويض وعلى درجة واحدة فقط، وجملة من التوصيات أهمها بضرورة إعادة النظر في النصوص التي أوردها القرار بقانون رقم (41) لسنة 2020م وتعديلاته بشأن المحاكم الإدارية سيما فيما يتعلق بطلبات التعويض التي لا تقدم تبعاً لدعوى الإلغاء نتيجة فوات ميعاد الطعن بالإلغاء، ويقترح الباحث في هذا الصدد إضافة نص مادة إلى القرار بقانون يتيح للطاعن إقامة دعوى التعويض بشكل مستقل بشروط معينة و/ أو خلال مدة معينة من تاريخ صدور القرار الإداري.
آثار الرقابة البرلمانية على القرار بقانون
Authors: سليم د. حسن
Published: October 2024

بين البحث آثار الرقابة البرلمانية على القرار بقانون وفقا للخيارات التي قررها القانون الأساسي في حال الالتزام بشرط وجوبية العرض سواء أتم إقرارها أم رفضها أم في حال لم يتم الالتزام بشرط وجوبية العرض.
ومن خلال البحث تم بيان التغيرات التي تطرأ على القرارات بقانون من حيث طبيعتها القانونية، إن كانت تبقى قرارات لها قوة القانون وتستمر بتلك القوة أم تتوقف أم تنزع عنها في حال لم يتم الالتزام بعرضها على المجلس التشريعي.
ومن خلال البحث أيضا تم التعرض لإجراءات نفاذ القرارات بقانون في حال تم إقرارها وبالمقابل مآلها ومآل المراكز القانونية التي ترتبت استنادا إليها في حال لم يتم الالتزام بشرط وجوبية عرضها.
فيروس كورونا بين نظريتي الظروف الطارئة والقوة القاهرة دراسة مقارنة تحليلية في ضوء القانون الفرنسي وقانون المعاملات المدنية العُماني والقانون المدني المصري
Authors: الفارسية العنود ابراهيم عبيد
Published: October 2024

أدى ظهور فيروس كورونا (( COVID-19 في نهاية عام 2019، إلى إخلال المتعاقدين بالتزاماتهم، إذ أصبحت إما مرهقة إرهاقاً شديداً للمدين أو يستحيل تنفيذها، ما أدى إلى مطالبة المدين أمام القضاء بتطبيق نظرية القوة القاهرة أو نظرية الظروف الطارئة على فيروس كورونا. ومن خلال المنهج التحليلي المقارن بين فرنسا، ومصر، وسلطنة عمان، تم التوصل إلى عدد من النتائج أهمها: فيروس كورونا يُصنف بأنه ظرف طارئ إذا كان تنفيذ الالتزام مرهقاً إرهاقاً شديداً، وقوة قاهرة إذا كان تنفيذ الالتزام مستحيلاً، كما إنه لا يمكن القول بأن فيروس كورونا يُعد قوة قاهرة أو ظرفًا طارئًأ لجميع الالتزامات التعاقدية؛ وذلك لأن الأثر المترتب على هذا الفيروس يختلف من التزام لآخر.
বাংলাভাষী ব্রোকা অ্যাফেজিকদের জটিল বাক্য অনুধাবন প্রক্রিয়া বিশ্লেষণ
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Linguistics, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh, Begam Monira
Published: October 2024

Broca’s aphasia is a non-fluent aphasia in which the output of spontaneous speech is significantly reduced, and regular grammatical structures are lost. They also show impairments in comprehending complex sentence structures and various morpho- syntactic deficits. This research aims to determine the nature of the inconsistencies in comprehension deficits of Bangla-speaking Broca’s aphasics. This study was carried out in a qualitative process. This study examines the Bangla sentences in different word orders (SOV, OVS, and VOS) using semantically reversible and semantically irreversible sentences with picture-matching tasks as stimuli. Analysing the collected data, specific characteristics have been determined in comprehending the complex sentences of Bengali Broca’s aphasics. Their asymmetries in understanding the OVS construction of complex sentences are evident Bangla-speaking individuals with Broca's aphasia show more significant deficits in comprehension of semantically reversible sentences than semantically irreversible sentences and fail to understand if the trace of sentence elements is not processed correctly.
A comparative analysis of organic crop between the USA and Europe using statistics
Authors: Maniatis Paraschos
Published: October 2024

This research paper presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of organic crop production between the USA and Europe, focusing on identifying similarities and differences in organic farming practices, regulatory frameworks, and market trends. A mixed-methods approach was employed, utilizing both quantitative and qualitative data collected from various sources, including government reports, academic articles, and industry publications. The findings indicate significant differences in how organic farming is practiced and regulated across the two regions, with Europe displaying a more mature organic market characterized by a higher market share and faster growth rate. The abstract also highlights the implications of these findings for policymakers, farmers, and consumers, pointing to the need for tailored policy interventions that reflect the unique conditions in each region to improve the effectiveness and sustainability of organic farming.
دراسة مقارنة لتعاليم القرآن الكريم حول العدالة وتطبيقاتها في الأنظمة القانونية الكلاسيكية والمعاصرة
Authors: بن شبغة الله عبد الصمد
Published: October 2024

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تقديم تحليل مقارن شامل لتعاليم القرآن الكريم حول العدالة وتطبيقاتها في الأنظمة القانونية الكلاسيكية والمعاصرة. يُعد القرآن الكريم نصًا أساسيًا في الفقه الإسلامي، حيث يقدم نهجًا متعدد الأبعاد للعدالة يشمل الجوانب الأخلاقية والاجتماعية والقانونية. تبدأ الدراسة بفحص الآيات القرآنية المتعلقة بالعدالة، إلى جانب التفسيرات الكلاسيكية التي قدمها كبار علماء الإسلام مثل الغزالي، وابن تيمية، والشافعي. تُقارن هذه التفسيرات بالفهم الحديث لتطبيقات العدالة في الأنظمة القانونية المعاصرة، سواء في الدول ذات الأغلبية المسلمة أو في السياقات العالمية التي تأثرت بالمبادئ القانونية الإسلامية. كما تستكشف الدراسة كيف تم دمج مفاهيم كالإنصاف والمساواة وحقوق الإنسان، التي تتجذر في تعاليم القرآن، في الأطر القانونية الحديثة أو تحديها. ومن خلال تحليل دراسات حالة من الأنظمة القانونية التاريخية والمعاصرة، تبرز الدراسة استمرار أهمية المبادئ القرآنية في معالجة قضايا العدالة الجنائية والحقوق المدنية والعدالة الاجتماعية. تظهر النتائج التوافقات والتوترات بين الفقه الإسلامي التقليدي والفكر القانوني الحديث. وتختتم الدراسة باقتراح طرق للتوفيق بين المبادئ القرآنية الكلاسيكية للعدالة والتحديات القانونية المعاصرة، مما يعزز نظامًا قانونيًا أكثر عدلاً وإنصافًا يتماشى مع القيم الإسلامية والعالمية. تسعى هذه الدراسة في النهاية إلى المساهمة في الحوار المستمر حول كيفية إسهام أخلاقيات القرآن الكريم في إصلاحات قانونية حديثة تدعم العدالة في عالم مترابط بشكل متزايد.
Emprego de frações de Infantaria em ambiente operacional de montanha: atuação do 11º BI de Montanha na II Guerra Mundial
Authors: Tabanez Gabriel , Roesler Rafael
Published: October 2024

O presente trabalho tem como intuito apresentar as principais difi culdades apresentadas pelos pracinhas brasileiros durante atuação no teatro de operações italiano na Segunda Guerra Mundial. A participação brasileira foi motivo de diversas análises por parte de estudos, que tomaram como objeto de pesquisa as difi culdades que os soldados presenciavam em combate, bem como as estratégias e táticas utilizadas pelos comandantes de todos os níveis, que culminaram com os sucessos de investidas como as de Monte Castello, Castelnuovo e Montese, que serão abordada com ênfase neste trabalho.
A eficiência dos fuzis de assalto 7.62 mm e 5.56 mm no tiro rápido diurno no contexto dos combates urbanos
Authors: Visconti Gabriel Bello
Published: October 2024

Com a evolução do combate, principalmente após a segunda Guerra Mundial, quando a maioria dos conflitos passou a se desenvolver em ambiente urbano, houve a necessidade de realizar também uma evolução dos equipamentos, a fim de atender às exigências impostas por este novo cenário. Nesse contexto, inclui-se a modernização dos fuzis de assalto utilizados pelos infantes e o surgimento da técnica do tiro rápido, pois as características deste novo ambiente operacional, somadas à evolução tecnológica no mundo, passaram a exigir armamentos mais leves, precisos e de menor letalidade, tudo com a finalidade de proporcionar ao soldado maior mobilidade, rapidez no engajamento de um alvo e no disparo, maior precisão e minimização de efeitos colaterais. O Brasil, que não podia ficar de fora desta tendência, começou a realizar a substituição progressiva do velho Fuzil Automático Leve (FAL), 7,62mm, de 40 anos, pelo Fuzil 5,56mm, IMBEL MD97L, desenvolvido pela estatal Indústria de Material Bélico (IMBEL), em Itajubá, MG, que já criou uma nova família de fuzis, conhecida como IA2, que contempla fuzis em ambos os calibres, mas que ainda encontra-se em processo de avaliação operacional. Porém, nos últimos anos, surgiram no mundo diversos questionamentos e controvérsias a respeito desta substituição de calibre, de 7,62mm para 5,56mm. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os resultados relativos à eficiência dos Fuzis de assalto 5,56mm e 7,62mm, na execução da técnica de tiro rápido diurno, no contexto do ambiente urbano, para concluir se há ou não vantagem de um em relação ao outro, a fim de fornecer subsídios e embasamentos a estes questionamentos.
The impact of COVID- 19 on Primary and Secondary Schooling in Mogadishu
Authors: Jeilani Abdulkadir
Published: October 2024

Background: Since December 2019, the COVID – 19 pandemic has been circulating in Somalia and other areas of the country. The disease has had a global impact on social, physical, psychological, and educational systems. The study examines how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the educational process in Mogadishu, Somalia's primary and secondary schools. Aim: This study aims to explore the effect of COVID – 19 on Primary and Secondary Schooling in Mogadishu - Somalia. Methods: This study used a descriptive quantitative analysis design and was performed in a random sample of primary and secondary schools in Mogadishu. The survey data was obtained from 329 schools representing 274 head teachers. A self-administered questionnaire was used to gather information about the head teacher, including background information, activity, and student information. Findings: During the coronavirus, the most of the head teachers were concerned and stressed. The study also showed that the majority of schools are private and rent, that school income is dependent on student tuition, and that school income has declined as a result of the pandemic outbreak, and that the majority of schools have not obtained any financial aid from the government. Conclusion: The principals have learned a valuable lesson that they will apply in the future when dealing with unforeseen circumstances.
Rasch Model Analysis on the Exam of Social Work Research Methods
Authors: Sheikh Ahmed Said Abubakar
Published: October 2024

This study aimed at determining the quality of research methodology course test for social work department students, third year at Mogadishu University. Rasch model in WINSTEPS was used to examine 17 items for 42 test-takers based on Separation, Reliability, Dimensionality, Model fit, Item difficulty Point measure correlation, and Person items distribution map (right map). The majority of the items met the acceptable requirements, however some did not. As a result, the study's findings revealed that the Rasch measurement model in WINSTEPS is a useful tool for analysing tests in higher education.
Exploring Challenges towards Somalia’s New Curriculum Implementation at Secondary Schools in Galkayo District, Galmudug State
Authors: Adan Abdirizak Khalif
Published: October 2024

The study investigated challenges facing the Somali new curriculum implementation in secondary schools in Galkayo, Galmudug state of Somalia. This was based on research to identify the major challenges facing the implementation of the new curriculum in Somalia. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the factors which make the implementation of the new curriculum in the mentioned school a challenge for teachers. The study may provide crucial information to educate stakeholders on the need to promote curriculum implementation in secondary schools. The study adopted a descriptive survey design and targeted 106 teachers from which a sample of 50 teachers was selected. The study instruments were a questionnaire for teachers. The pilot study was done to establish the validity and reliability of the research instruments. The results show that majority of schools have not been adequately trained to new curriculum implementation. The results also show that majority of schools did not have adequate learning materials, which would greatly contribute to the implementation of the curriculum. In view of the findings, the study recommended that the Galmudug Ministry of Education should put in place measures to compel schools through monitoring and capacity building such as training to ensure that teachers are well implementing the new curriculum in secondary schools. The government should allocate extra funds to Galkayo secondary schools to help them procure learning materials so as to prepare the schools to implement new curricula.
Analisis Pemborosan Sistem Produksi Ban Vulkanisir Menggunakan Metode Lean Six Sigma
Authors: Staenari Hero Rinto , Hidayat Hidayat , Negoro Yanuar Pandu
Published: October 2024

CV. Citra Buana Mandiri merupakan industri daur ulang atau vulkanisir ban bekas, dalam satu bulan perusahaan mampu menghasilkan 800 ban yang divulkanisir. Pada lini produksi perusahaan mengindikasikan terjadinya pemborosan, dimana salah satu hal yang menjadi perhatian adalah tingkat defect yang dihasilkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan identifikasi  dan meminimalisir pemborosan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pada lini produksi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini akan integrasi antara Lean dan Six Sigma. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa defect dan motion mendominasi pemborosan yang terjadi dengan nilai skor 3,60 dan 3,0. Selain itu, level sigma pada proses produksi perushaaan berada pada level yang cukup baik dengan nilai 3,29. Dengan demikian usulan yang dapat diberikan adalah terkait evaluasi dan pengawasan implementasi SOP dan perbaikan proses serta penyimpanan material dan produk jadi.
Analisis Transformasi Hujan-Debit dengan Metode Hidrograf Satuan Sintetik untuk Penetapan Banjir Rancangan pada DAS Manggar Kecil
Authors: Syarifah Namiratus , Dewi Vita Ayu Kusuma , Id'fi Gilang
Published: October 2024

Sebagai Tindakan pengendalian banjir pada DAS Manggar Kecil, diperlukan perencanaan Pembangunan Bangunan Pengendali Banjir (Bendali). Hal tersebut sejalan dengan program pemerintah Kota Balikpapan, akan tetapi terdapat keterbatasan data debit banjir sungai Manggar Kecil yang termasuk pada parameter utama untuk perencanaan bendali. Untuk mengatasi keterbatasan data debit tersebut, dapat dilakukan analisis transformasi data hujan ke data debit (hujan-debit) sehingga didapatkan nilai debit banjir rancangan. Analisis tersebut dapat diterapkan dengan  metode hidrograf satuan sintetik. Metode deskriptif kuantitatif diterapkan pada penelitian ini dan pengumpulan data berupa data sekunder. Hasil analisis data dengan metode hidrograf satuan sintetik Nakayasu, Snyder-Alexeyev, dan Limantara untuk periode ulang 10 hingga100 tahun meliputi pada metode Nakayasu berkisar 167,02 hingga 212,92 m³/detik, metode Synder-Alexeyev berkisar 123,31 hingga 157,19 m³/detik dan metode Limantara berkisar 202,01 hingga 257,53 m³/detik. Penetapan nilai banjir rancangan menggunakan nilai debit maksimum pada metode hidrograf satuan sintetik Limantara.
Estudo da situação e necessidades de saúde da comunidade de Antônio Pereira, Ouro Preto-MG: Primeira fase
Authors: Corrado Amanda Roberta , Morais José Elenito Teixeira , Moura Joana Paula Mendes de , Lopes Bianca Cardoso , Assis Aisllan Diego de
Published: October 2024

O presente estudo apresenta a primeira etapa do projeto de pesquisa “Estudo aprofundado da situação e necessidades de saúde de Antônio Pereira, distrito de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, que integra as ações do Programa de extensão e pesquisa “De Mãos dadas com Antônio Pereira” coordenado pela Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais (IFMG) e Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV). O objetivo do projeto é realizar um estudo aprofundado sobre a situação e necessidades da saúde da comunidade de Antônio Pereira, no contexto de risco de rompimento e da obra de descomissionamento da Barragem de Doutor da empresa Vale S. A. Nessa etapa o estudo foi quantitativo, descritivo comparativo, com levantamento de dados do DATASUS e E-SUS, da Vigilância Sanitária da Secretaria de Saúde de Ouro Preto e da equipe de estratégia da saúde do distrito e análise documental de fontes históricas e intervenções de vivência no território. Como resultados temos uma linha histórica com as necessidades e situações de saúde no distrito ao longo do tempo e os indicadores e dados epidemiológicos da saúde do distrito. Apontamos para a emergente necessidade de incluir a saúde de forma ativa e orientada nos processos de reparação das comunidades atingidas pela atividade da mineração industrial.
Administrative Structures and Implementation of the Cash Transfer for Orphans and Vulnerable Children in Lamu West Sub- County, Kenya
Authors: Ikuwa Jackline Muthoni , Muna Wilson
Published: October 2024

Kenya has had an increasing number of vulnerable and orphaned children; the population of children is projected to be 19 million with about 3.5 million being orphaned and vulnerable children. The study objective was to explore how administrative structures affect the implementation of the Cash Transfer for Orphans and vulnerable children in Lamu West sub- County. The study employed a descriptive survey research design. Lamu West has 1063 enrolled beneficiaries and the researcher assessed a sample population of 100 beneficiaries through the use of questionnaires and 10 administrative units was interviewed. The data collected from the interview schedule was assessed using thematic analysis while data from the questionnaires were analysed using descriptive and correlation analysis. The study findings were the lack of adequate funding and sensitisation of the program goals and structures among the beneficiaries and administrators in addition to the growing need for decentralisation of the program to enable faster response to changes targeting the households. From the study findings, the researcher was able to make the following recommendations; the need for increased sensitisation for the various committees concerned with the management of the program would aid in ensuring recruitment, enrolment, and overall supervision of the program is done efficiently. There is also a need to adequately fund the management of the program to ensure its overall coordination.
Effect of National Government Administration Officers on Resolution of Land Inheritance Disputes in Nakuru County, Kenya
Authors: Amoit Emuria Lyndah , Kiruthu Dr. Felix
Published: October 2024

Since independence, land disputes have remained contentious in Kenya; given that most of the population continues to depend on land for their livelihoods. Although the National Government Administration Officers (NGAO) are critical in solving the land conflict in Kenya, few scholarly studies have focused on their role. This study sought to assess the effect of NGAO in solving land inheritance disputes in Kuresoi South Sub-County, Nakuru County. The study was anchored on the Agency theory owing to the agency role of administrative officers. A descriptive research design was used in this study. The study's target population included area residents, the national administration officers, and other key informants such as county commissioners, civic leaders, senior security personnel; lands officers, and leaders of faith-based groups. The research used a purposive sampling technique and a sample of 384 respondents. Data was collected through structured and unstructured questionnaires and analysed through descriptive and thematic analyses. The findings indicated that NGAO enhanced the resolution of disputes about land inheritance primarily through awareness of land rights and land inheritance accountability issues. The study further observed that NGAO faced different challenges in their pursuit to reduce land-induced conflicts such as workload, lack of motivation owing to lack of incentives for the officers, and lack of cooperation from members of the Kuresoi- South Community. The policymakers might want to incentivize the role played by NGAO officers in promoting stability concerning land conflicts.
Effects of Multi-Agency Collaboration on Maritime Surveillance along Mombasa Coast, Kenya
Authors: Makwaka Bukhala Levictus , Muna Dr. Wilson
Published: October 2024

The gap that exists in the reviewed literature depicts Maritime surveillance has attracted scant preview in local studies, therefore, it is in this context that this study intends to explore maritime surveillance. The study specifically addressed organization structure, staff competence, information technology, and sharing of information. A cross-sectional research design was employed using a target population of 294 participants from 7 maritime-related organizations. The sample size of maritime multi-agencies was determined using Yamane formula as a representation of the target population. Structured questionnaires were used in data collection. From the findings, majority of the respondents reported that organization structure affects the speed of decision-making within the maritime multi-agency. From the study, it was apparent that organizational structure affected the speed and accuracy of decisions; learning and growth culture within an organization was influenced by efficiency of information exchange within the multi-agency. Regression results showed that an increase in a presentation by one unit would have a corresponding unit in information technology and information sharing equivalent to 0.041 and 0.371 units respectively. Empirically the study affirmed information technology, information sharing, and staff competence a contribution on maritime (senior level and supervisors) in aligning employees’ tasks-based staff abilities and competency by establishing efficient information sharing systems hence enhancing efficient and effective maritime surveillance. The study therefore recommends the government to support the implementation of the maritime -multiagency policy framework to address Ad-hoc participation by maritime multi-agency. It also recommends that proper monitoring and evaluation mechanisms be implemented with sufficient resources to ensure that maritime surveillance is efficient and effective.
Implementation Process of the Training Policy and Professional Development of the Administration Police Officers in Isiolo County, Kenya
Authors: Okioga Ben Omwando , Minja Prof. David
Published: October 2024

This study sought to examine how the implementation process of the training policy affects police professional development. The study was steered by Herzberg’s Theory. The study used stratified random sampling and a descriptive survey approach. Within Isiolo County, the target population was 300 Administration Police Officers. Four categories were used to classify the target population: Inspectorate members, Gazetted officers (GOs), Constables, and Noncommissioned officers (NCOs). There were 90 police officers in the sample. To gather the primary data, structured interview questions and secondary data from library research were used. The collected data was arranged according to the study questions and particular goals by coding, tabulating, and interpreting. The findings on how the implementation process of the training policy and professional police development relates, show that there was a positive and statistically significant effect of the implementation process of the training policy on the professional police development of Police officers (r=0.631; p<0.05). This showed that a unit change in the implementation process of the training policy leads to 63.1% change in professional police development among police officers. The study came to the following conclusions: standardize the learning delivery across all forces, particularly the initial learning for newly recruited officers; make basic training to develop knowledge and awareness mandatory for all police; institutionalize strategy-supportive practices and operating regulations throughout the organization. The study recommended that the Isiolo County CIPU Headquarters develop and implement effective training systems and that the curricula be enhanced to cover best practices to manage known vices and malpractices.
De-Radicalization Within Kenya Prison
Authors: William Nick Chemosit , Manana Collins Powel
Published: October 2024

This paper discusses the de-radicalization within prisons in Kenya. Before de-radicalization programs are discussed in detail, definition and process of radicalization is introduced first. The programs bring positive impacts to society at large. This paper also looked at global de-radicalization where countries like Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Iraq and Egypt were found out to have different kinds of de-radicalization programs. However, there are some similarities in the approach used by the four countries through counselling programs that emphasized on communication between the terrorist and psychologist. Various factors contributed in the involvement in terrorism based on the result. ‘Treating unkind persons with kindness generally produces better results than treating them likewise or worse’. By treating terrorists and those attracted to terrorism on the humane standards than terrorists treat their prisoners and adversaries, to some extent. In as much as the government of Kenya has affected de-radicalization programs within the prisons, there are some hurdles associated with it which include lack of transparency and accountability by the government agencies, hence the study recommends that there should be a clear channel in ensuring that such programs are well implemented to reduce radicalization within Kenya
Transaction Monitoring Effect on Profitability of Commercial Banks in Kenya
Authors: Terer Obed Kipkirui , Mwangi Lucy Wamugo , Omagwa Job
Published: October 2024

Commercial banks' performance is fundamental to the economy as providers of financial services. In offering this service, commercial banks are exposed to a range of risks that negatively affect financial position and ultimately influence profitability. Profitability is indicative of a bank's stability and potential for growth. Enhancing commercial banks' profitability contributes to shareholder return on investment. In June 2018, five banks were fined a total of Kshs. 392 million by the Central Bank of Kenya for breaching anti-money laundering regulations. Consequently, banks had to invest resources to improve their anti-money laundering measures. Consequently, raising operational and compliance overheads.  This study sought to determine the effect of transaction monitoring on profitability of commercial banks in Kenya. The research employed an explanatory research design. The targeted population comprised all the thirty-nine regulated commercial banks as of December 31, 2021. The study period was eight (8) years (2014 to 2021). Respondents were chosen through purposive sampling. Primary data was gathered using structured questionnaires, while secondary data was derived from audited financial reports of commercial banks and the annual banking supervision report from the Central Bank of Kenya. Subsequently, the collected data underwent analysis employing descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The research results disclosed that transaction monitoring positively and significantly influenced commercial banks profitability. Consequently, bank managers should incorporate transaction monitoring into their operations to augment the overall efficacy to detect and report potentially suspicious activities, and to strengthen operational controls.
Capital Level and Financial Stability of Commercial Banks in Kenya
Authors: Kilonzo Alex Mutisya , Atheru Gerald
Published: October 2024

The soundness of banks' finances serves as the foundation for the entire financial sector because they are essential to promoting economic growth. A commercial bank's financial stability should be assessed with specific emphasis given to domestic and foreign issues that affect how the bank operates and figuring out the amount of their influence on the status and operations of the commercial bank. Nevertheless, the impact of the company's capital, liquidity, and asset quality on the financial stability of commercial banks has not been studied. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of capital level on licensed commercial banks’ financial stability in Kenya. The research was anchored by capital buffer theory. The explanatory research design was adopted to analyze thirty-nine banks for the period 2016 to 2022 based on the census approach. The study outcomes were arrived at using secondary data obtained under the guidance of the secondary data collection schedule. The assessment of the investigation was evaluated premised on descriptive and panel approaches.  The findings indicated that capital level had a positive and significant effect on the financial stability of commercial banks. The study recommended that commercial banks should adopt strategies and measures that will enable them to increase the capital level leading to an increase in financial health.
Effect of Taxpayer Knowledge on Turnover Tax Compliance among Small and Medium Enterprises in Kariokor Market in Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Kandagor Victor Kipkosiom , Ogaga Bruce , Koske Naomi
Published: October 2024

Turnover Tax (TOT) compliance among, small, and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Kenya has faced considerable challenges, with tax collection falling short of targets. This study investigates the effect of taxpayer knowledge on Turnover Tax compliance among small, and medium enterprises in the Kariokor market in Nairobi, Kenya. This study adopted an explanatory research design. The target population for the study was 1382 Turnover Tax registered SMEs in Kariokor Market in Nairobi. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings revealed that taxpayer knowledge exhibited a positive influence on Turn Over Tax Compliance (β = 0.203, p = 0.007), indicating that as tax knowledge among taxpayers increases, their compliance with tax regulations also tends to increase. The research established that there is a positive connection between taxpayer knowledge and turnover tax compliance. When taxpayers possess greater knowledge of tax regulations and procedures, their compliance levels increase. KRA should invest in taxpayer education programs to improve knowledge and awareness among SMEs. This will empower business owners to navigate the tax system more effectively and ensure voluntary compliance.
Effect of Moral Obligation on Sales Tax Compliance among SME Taxpayers in Juba, South Sudan
Authors: Dau Mayen Isaac , Tenai, PhD Joel , Tarus, PhD John
Published: October 2024

Tax compliance promotes social and economic growth by reducing the government's fiscal imbalance and debt while also providing funding for public services. Currently, the National Revenue Authority of South Sudan is focusing on maximizing tax revenue production from the country's huge number of small and medium enterprises, and this study contributes to that endeavour. The study's main goal was to examine the moral obligation, of sales tax compliance among SMEs. This study was guided by Tax Morale Theory. The study used an explanatory research design and the study's target population was 1,320 SMEs, with 307 SMEs in Rejaf Sub-County registered for sales tax. The data was examined using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The study found that there is a positive and significant effect of moral obligation on sales tax compliance (β1 =0.241, p<0.05), The study recommends that South Sudan's Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning build a strong mechanism for monitoring and evaluating the efficiency of tax policy implementation. Furthermore, research should involve a more diversified set of SMEs to capture a greater variety of opinions, taking into account differences in size, industry, and ownership structure.
Human Security Challenges in Nepal
Authors: Guragain, Ph.D Govinda Prasad , Pokharel Saroj
Published: October 2024

The idea of security has changed notably since the Cold War, with a notable shift towards human security as detailed in the UNDP's 1994 Human Development Report. Human security emphasizes protecting individual freedoms and dignity, prioritizing a people-centered perspective. Globalization, especially post-Cold War, had a profound impact on less developed countries like Nepal, affecting conditions related to human security. Nepal's human security has been further jeopardized by internal conflicts and natural disasters such as the devastating earthquake in 2015. Regional organizations like SAARC have historically focused more on arms control rather than prioritizing human security. The 21st century has brought heightened global risks such as terrorism, poverty, internal conflicts, and natural disasters, posing significant challenges to human security globally. Nepal, classified by the UNDP as highly vulnerable to climate change with limited capacities to cope with disasters due to economic constraints, faces heightened insecurity among its population. Despite these global challenges and threats from various sources, international efforts to promote human security have been limited. Enhancing human security requires placing individuals at the center of coordinated efforts involving both state and non-governmental actors, particularly under the leadership of the United Nations through collective measures. Amid ongoing disputes in the extent of effectiveness of the protection of human, it has got a growing recognition has turned out as the conventional focus on state sovereignty and independence is insufficient in addressing modern global risks. The international community is grappling with the need to develop new strategies to protect people from transnational dangers in an increasingly interconnected world. This shift towards promoting human security acknowledges that contemporary threats, which impact lives more profoundly than traditional military challenges between states, extend beyond national boundaries and military concerns.
Effect of Tax Knowledge on Pay As You Earn Tax Compliance Among Small and Medium Enterprises in Thika Town, Kenya
Authors: Bett Chebet Milka , Bruce, PhD Dr. Ogaga , Patrick, PhD Dr. Limo
Published: October 2024

The government is unable to adequately raise revenue through tax collection to effectively provide for the essential needs of its citizens which include education, healthcare, water, security, roads, and social security among others. This has raised a concern as the Government seeks to achieve its revenue targets hence the need for this study. The study looked at tax knowledge and Pay As You Earn compliance among small and medium enterprises in Thika town Kenya. The study was supported by The Attribution Theory. The study adopted an explanatory research design. The study aimed to focus on Small and Medium Enterprises licensed in Thika town. The target population was 1223 small and medium enterprises with a sample size of 301 small and medium enterprises with a response rate of 83%. Primary data was collected using structured questionnaires. Both descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were carried out. The study found that there is a positive and significant effect of tax knowledge on PAYE tax compliance (β1 =0.332, p<0.05), The study recommends that KRA should therefore work towards simplifying and streamlining the tax compliance processes, reducing unnecessary administrative burdens. Future research should be carried out to determine the effect of tax incentives on TAX compliance.
Adoption of Accounting Information System and Financial Accountability in TVET Institutions in Eastern Region Kenya
Authors: Kathure Gitonga Faith , Kambura Susan , Rintari, PhD Dr. Nancy
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of adoption of accounting information system on financial accountability in TVET institutions in Eastern Region Kenya. The target population was 69 participants, encompassing principals, Board of Governors (BOG) chairs, and finance officers from 23 TVET institutions within the Eastern Region. Census method was adopted and a mixed-method approach using a descriptive design was employed in this research. Questionnaires were used to collect primary data while scrutinizing audited financial statements to amass secondary data. The data was processed through a blend of descriptive and inferential statistical methods presented using tables and explanations. The questionnaire findings indicated that 24(41%) respondents strongly agreed and 11(19%) agreed that the adoption of an AIS had facilitated timely financial reporting in my institution (mean of 4.16). Additionally, 12(21%) respondents strongly agreed and 17(29%) agreed that implementing an AIS had augmented the efficiency of financial processes and data capturing in our institution (mean of 3.70). Further, 16(28%) respondents strongly agreed and 14(24%) agreed that an effective AIS improved the accountability of financial resources in the institution (mean of 3.67). The secondary results revealed that expenses had a mean of 4.21 and as well as debtors had a mean of 4.35. Nevertheless, the net profit had a low mean of 2.74. The Pearson correlation coefficient r=0.151** at α < 0.019 and 99% significance level. On accounting information system, the study concluded that there was a significant effect of adoption of accounting information systems on financial accountability in TVET institutions in the Eastern region of Kenya. It was noted that the implementation of AIS had enabled most TVETs to report their financial standings on time due to efficient processing of information when inputted accurately. Therefore, it was considered an enhancer towards financial accountability in regards to the proper utilization of TVETs’ institution. The study thus recommends that TVET management should provide more funding to strengthen the current accounting information systems from cyber-attacks. This will reduce malware attacks and siphoning of institutional funds to facilitate more efficient on bookkeeping and reporting, which are a function of ensuring financial accountability.
Financial Reporting, Tracking, and Analysis Practices Effect on Financial Performance of Commercial State Corporations in Kenya
Authors: Mwangi Nguyo Stephen , Nkuru Dr. Faith
Published: October 2024

In Kenya, legislative acts by parliament establish state corporations to promote social and economic progress. The state corporations advisory committee has identified eight distinct categories of these entities, which include financial, commercial, industrial, regulatory, public universities, training and research, service, regional development authorities, as well as tertiary education corporations. Out of the 33 state corporations in commercial and manufacturing category, 18 fall under manufacturing while 15 are commercial-oriented and therefore by their operational nature expected to make profits or operating surplus. The study focused on the fifteen (15) profit-making state corporations. Most commercial state corporations are in a state of perennial loss-making. Their financial performance trend between 2016-2020, shows that out of the 15 corporations in the commercial sector, only four (26.67%) are sustainable from their operations. This leaves over 73.33% of them struggling to survive and have to depend on government funding to address their liquidity challenges. This study sought to assess the impact of financial reporting and analysis on the financial performance of commercial state corporations in Kenya. The study assumed a descriptive study design. The study used a census procedure since all fifteen State Corporations under the commercial category were studied.  Data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The inferential statistics results indicate that financial reporting and analysis have a positive and statistically significant effect on financial performance of commercial SOEs. The study found that improved financial performance was observed upon conducting periodical operational budget estimations, capital project estimations, periodical cash flow projections, and comparison of actual costs and budget variance analysis. The management and finance department to ensure that financial reporting processes are strengthened to enhance accuracy, openness, and compliance with governing requirements.