bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital economy: terminological discourse
Authors: Blinova U. Yu. , Rozhkova N. K. , Rozhkova D. Yu.
Published: March 2022

Due to the frequent use of the terms “digital economy”, “digitalisation” and “digital transformation” in regulation legal documents and methodological developments concerning the information technologies development and implementation in society and the economy, it is relevant to analyse the essence and application of these definitions. A terminological analysis of these concepts was carried out, and attention to main practical aspects describing these phenomena is paid in the article. A significant terminological discrepancy in these concepts in legislative documents, research and practice was noted. This leads to the emergence of incorrect messages for the methodological and practical conclusions both on a global scale and at the specific economic actors level. A logical scheme of interaction and interpenetration of the processes, arising in the digital economy creation, digitalisation and digital transformation, was built, which has allowed to create the authors’ vision of the definitions essence for their further use in science and practice.
Territories development tax incentives
Authors: Zotikov N. Z.
Published: March 2022

Nowadays, the regions of the Russian Federation are developing extremely unevenly. The fiscal mechanism and its major part – the tax incentives for economic entities activities, operating in regions and municipalities, play a special role in the successful territories’ development provision. The importance and relevance of the territories tax incentives is due to the necessity to solve the set tasks for the regional economy sustainable development, identify and effectively implement the tax potential in the territories, and it is complicated by the fact that, according to Rosstat, ¼ of the country’s population, living in municipalities and rural settlements, according to established practice, experiencing more financial difficulties than the rest of the population. The existing fiscal mechanism does not create incentives for the successful regional development, especially municipalities, which ultimately does not ensure the country’s successful economic development as a whole. It is impossible to change the situation without creating an effective taxation mechanism.
Efficient pretreatment using dimethyl isosorbide as a biobased solvent for potential complete biomass valorization
Authors: Yang Shuang , Yang Xianpeng , Meng Xianzhi , Wang Lei
Published: March 2022

An efficient and sustainable pretreatment, such as organosolv pretreatment that produces high-quality lignin and highly digestible carbohydrates, could enable the potential complete utilization of lignocellulosic biomass. Demand for bio-based solvents with a high boiling point, low viscosity, and negligible toxicity is increasing. Herein, we report the use of dimethyl isosorbide (DMI) as a solvent to fractionate lignocellulosic biomass into its main components for the first time. High lignin removal efficiency (91.2%) with good cellulose retention (around 80%) could be achieved during the pretreatment of Eucalyptus by DMI/H2O co-solvents under a mild condition. A near-complete cellulose conversion to its monosaccharide could be realized at a relatively low enzyme loading of 20 FPU g−1 glucan. The addition of water could suppress the condensation of lignin, yielding high-quality lignin with a good fraction of β-O-4 linkages reserved (24.8%) and homogeneous molecular weight (Đ<2) suitable for depolymerization to mono-aromatic chemicals. Besides its highly digestible nature, the high quality of the cellulose-rich residue is also demonstrated from a material perspective. A more efficient fibrillation of obtained pulp to nanocellulose was developed, leading to a promising potential of energy saving compared to the traditional bleaching pathway. Overall, this work developed a mild pretreatment technology as a potential basis for a green and closed-loop biorefinery concept for converting lignocellulosic biomass to multiple products (high-quality lignin, fermentable sugars, or functional materials).
Tetraanionic arachno-Carboranyl Ligand Imparts Strong Axiality to Terbium(III) Single-Molecule Magnets
Authors: Jin Peng-Bo , Yu Ke-Xin , Luo Qian-Cheng , Liu Ye-Ye , Zhai Yuan-Qi , Zheng Yan-Zhen
Published: March 2022

A family of fully sandwiched arachno-lanthanacarborane complexes formulated as {6-[µ-1,2-[o-C6H4(CH2)2]-1,2-C2B10H10]2Ln}{Li5(THF)10} (Ln = Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Y) is successfully synthesized, where the “carbons-adjacent” carboranyl ligand (arachno-C2B10H104−) bears four negative charges and coordinates to the central lanthanide ions using the hexagonal 6­C2B4 face. Thus, the central lanthanide cations are pseudo-twelve-coordinate and have an approximate local D6h symmetry or hexagonal-prismatic geometry. As the crystal field effect imparted by this geometry is still unknown, we thoroughly investigated the magnetic properties of this series of complexes and found the crystal field imposed by this ligand causes a relation of Tb > Dy > Ho > Er for the energy gaps between the ground and the first excited states, which is of striking resemblance to the ferrocenophane and phthalocyanine ligands despite that the latter two ligands give disparate local coordination geometries. Moreover, the effective energy barrier to magnetization reversal of 445(10) K, observable hysteresis loop up to 4K and the relaxation time of the yttrium diluted sample reaching 193(17) seconds at 2 K under an optimized field for the Tb analogue of this family of arachno-lanthanacarborane complexes, render a new benchmark for Tb3+ based single-molecule magnets.
Test title
Authors: Prakash Gnana
Published: March 2022

abstract
A SURVEY ON ADVANCED ATTENDANCE API
Authors: Jeevandeep J , G Chintan , G M Deekshith , C R Anirudh , R Sandeep
Published: March 2022

In today's rapidly changing world, automatic face recognition (AFR) technologies have made significant advances. Keeping up with the attendance register day by day is a troublesome and tedious process. There are many robotized strategies for a similar application like biometrics, radio-frequency identification (RFID), iris detection, voice detection, and more. The objective of this paper is to review some of the state-of-the-art techniques used in the implementation of marking attendance. The existing methodologies show that there is a scope for improvement in the implementation of smart attendance. In our future work, we want to present a framework by utilizing deep learning and thereby tap into the potential that it guarantees in the field of face-based biometrics.
Carbon emission reduction progress of pledging New Zealand corporates
Authors:   , Crisp Adam
Published: March 2022

This thesis examines the progress of New Zealand’s thirteen founding members of the Climate Leaders Coalition in reducing greenhouse gas emissions from 2010 to 2020 inclusive. The thirteen corporates’ associated emissions are equivalent to half of New Zealand’s total emissions; therefore their progress is influential on New Zealand’s national progress. A known issue with corporate emissions is the paradox that whilst awareness and support for reducing emissions increase, corporate emissions also continue to increase. Understanding the carbon emission reduction paths of these publicly pro-mitigation New Zealand corporations provides further insight into this paradox and potential ways to alter the trend of increasing corporate emissions.

A corporate emissions progress framework was constructed to define and capture the corporate emission reduction paths. The framework recognises eight stages of progress, including corporate emissions, strategies, actions, and communications as characteristics of progress. Semi-structured interviews with sustainability staff, corporate reports, press releases and corporate submissions to government were analysed to form a picture of progress within and across the corporates. A shared pathway was identified across the corporates, with comparable sequence and focus of strategies, action areas and progress. All corporates achieved relative emission reductions with some low emitters achieving absolute emission reductions. The path had characteristics that are transferable to other corporates regardless of sector. The reporting standard used by all corporations strongly influenced the path, with multiple implications. No corporates were identified as being in the top three stages of progress, as all corporates remained within a non-transformational range. Being a foundational pledge member of the Climate Leaders Coalition seemed influential in terms of progress for some corporates, and more a reflection of their existing approach for others.
Misuse of prescription drugs and other psychotropic substances among university students: a pilot study
Authors: Fadhel Fahmi
Published: March 2022

Background: Prescription drug abuse has emerged as the fastest growing problem globally. While people of all ages suffer from the harmful effects, the impact on the health of young people and their quality of life constitutes a significant public health problem. Aims: To estimate the prevalence of the use of prescription drugs and other substances among university students Methods: An online survey method was used. The tools were distributed in 2019 to 794 university students at Aden University in Yemen 48.2% (n = 383) and King Khalid University in Saudi Arabia 51.8% (n = 411). Students answered the Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST-10), and a questionnaire on drug and substance abuse. Results: The overall prevalence of low, moderate, substantial and severe on the DAST-10 scale was 27.2%, 10.5%, 2.1% and 0.8%, respectively. The prevalence of sedative misuse among university students was high (12.5%) and the differences between Yemeni and Saudi Arabian students in prescription drug and sedative misuse were significant. Female students were significantly lower than males on the DAST-10 scale. About 3% of the Yemenis were abusing diazepam, while over 31% of Saudi Arabians were abusing inhalants. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the differences between university students in Yemen and Saudi Arabia misusing prescription stimulants and sedatives and the inhalation of volatile substances.
COVID-19 vaccination certificates and lifting public health and social measures: ethical considerations
Authors: Voo Teck Chuan , Smith Maxwell J. , Mastroleo Ignacio , Dawson Angus ,   WHO Ethics & COVID-19 Working Group
Published: March 2022

Background: To reopen society, various countries are planning or have implemented differential public health and social measures (PHSMs) for COVID-19-vaccinated individuals, by exempting these individuals from some of the measures. Aims: To examine the ethical considerations raised by differential PHSMs by differrnt countries based on individual vaccination status verified by vaccination certificates. Discussion: Decisions on whether and when measures should be lifted specifically for vaccinated individuals should be guided by scientific and ethical considerations. These considerations include the public health risks of differential lifting, particularly in a context where a substantial portion of society is not vaccinated; mitigation of inequities and unfair disadvantages for unvaccinated individuals; and whether to permit other health certificates or credentials besides proof of vaccination as alternative options to access specific activities or services, as a way to balance public health and freedom of movement. Conclusion: Vaccination certificates may undermine a population-based approach to COVID-19 vaccination to achieve and accelerate universal lifting of PHSMs, result in unfair and inequitable health and social outcomes, and generate social divisions at a time when solidarity within (and between) countries is necessary to navigate the pandemic and its burdens. Further research on the ethical acceptability and impact of COVID-19 vaccine certificates in countries that have implemented them should be carried out to inform future ethical considerations on this issue.
Pengerasan Permukaan Baja Perkakas HSS M41 dengan Teknik Pelapisan Metal Spray
Authors: P Tarigan , Juwita L
Published: March 2022

Intermetallic compound Fe-AL has good strength and hardness properties. Those properties were required Io improve the wear resistance of component which its application always contact with another part like cutting tool in machining processes. This experiment was carried out to improve the wear resistance of metal, which in this case is high-speed steel (HSS M41). This preliminary experiment was focused on to form the Intermetallic compound Fe-Al layer in the surface Of the steel, This layer was obtained by metal spray technique in which Al-Si spray to the surface of base metal HSS M41 and then heat-treated at 850oC, The holding time of heat treatment for 4 hours, 6 hours and 8 hours respectively was used, Experimental results showed holding time of heat treatment process was influenced to forming the intermetallic layer, thickness and hardness was specimen with heat-treated at 850 OC and holding time 8 hours exhibit the maximum hardness of 1120 HV and also increase the lifetime from 1.84 days to 14.125 days. The thickness of intermetallic layer was 0.81 mm.
THE COMPREHENSION OF MEDICINAL THERAPY BY ELDERLY IN THE POLYPHARMACY SITUATION IN TWO COMMUNITIES OF RECIFE – PERNAMBUCO
Authors:   Carlos Augusto Costa Guedes, Leopoldina Augusta Souza Sequeira de Andrade, Alessandro Spencer de Souza Holanda, José Gildo de Lima
Published: March 2022

Introduction: The elderly, because they are more susceptible to develop chronic diseases, seek health services and medications more often, which predisposes this population to the problems related to them. Add to this the possibility of illiteracy, which may compromise understanding and lead to incorrect use of the drug. Objective: To evaluate the understanding of drug therapy by the elderly who are in a situation of polypharmacy. Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out with individuals ≥ 60 years old who used 2 or more drugs in two communities in Recife-PE, from August to October 2016. The method used followed the principle of analysis, which verifies the agreement between the respondent’s response and the information contained in the medical prescription, and classifies the users through scores: less than six points – level of insufficient understanding; from six to eight – regular; above eight points, good level. Results: The elderly had low levels of schooling, 28% were illiterate. The two communities are made up of 72% and 48% of the elderly with insufficient understanding. Conclusion: The importance of the pharmacist as a member of the multidisciplinary team, who should guide and ensure that information is passed on to the user in a safe and efficient manner, through educational actions that promote knowledge about the use of medicines.
Efek Penggunaan Aditif Biodispersan pada Bahan Baakr Biosolar (B-20) Terhadap Komponen Ruang Bakar Mesin Diesel
Authors: Yuliarita Emi
Published: March 2022

Penambahan aditif berbasis nabati pada bahan bakar Biosolar (B-20) bertujuan untuk mengurangi diposit yang terjadi pada ruang bakar mesin terutama pada bagian kepala silinder. Aditif yang digunakan berasal dari minyak atsiri (campuran minyak sereh wangi, minyak cengkeh dan minyak nilam) dengan pertimbangan mudah didapatkan. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengukuran deposit komponen ruang bakar adalah merit rating yang mengacu pada metode CEC/MO2-T70. Dimana nilai rating dari komponen mesin yang dievaluasi dinyatakan secara numeric dari 0 sampai 10. Nilai 10 menunjukan tingkat kebersihan yang paling tinggi sedangkan nol menunjukan tingkat kebersihan paling rendah. Hasil penelitian menunjukan penambahan aditif biodispersan dalam B-20 sebanyak 2000ppm dapat menurunkan jumlah deposit pada bagian kepala silinder sebesar 3.5%. Efisiensi penurunan deposit yang signifikan akibat penambahan aditif tersebut dalam bahan bakar Biosolar B-20 terjadi pada bagian top piston yaitu 14,8%. Selanjutnya tingkat kebersihan yang diukur dalam indeks merit, juga menunjukkan penggunaan aditif biodispersan pada Biosolar (B-20) menghasilkan indeks merit yang lebih tinggi atau lebih bersih dibandingkan Biosolar (B-20) tanpa aditif.
Evini Sırtında Taşıyan Kadınlar: “Eskici” Hikâyesinde Kadının Coğrafyasını Genişletme Mücadelesi
Authors: OKTAY Neşe
Published: March 2022

Sevgi Soysal, 1950 sonrası kuşağının hikâyeleri ve romanları ile olduğu kadar yaşantısıyla da öne çıkan isimlerindendir. Soysal’ın edebiyatı ve toplumsal meselelere yakınlığı yaşadıklarından tesirler taşır. Bu yansımaları barındıran Barış Adlı Çocuk isimli kitabında yer alan “Eskici” öyküsü, bir kadının evi ve bu evdeki eşyalar ile kurduğu ilişki bakımından önemlidir. Ev; içindeki eşyaların hatıra olma niteliği bakımından nostaljik duygulanmalara yol açabilecek, kişiye güvenli sığınak olması bağlamında da sevgi ile hatırlanması gereken bir yapı olarak algılanabilir. Ancak kadınlar için her zaman böylesi bir anlamdan söz etmek mümkün değildir. Geleneksel yaşantıyı sürdüren toplumlarda sokak ile ilişkisi çok sınırlı olan kadınlar, eve ait olarak kabul edilirler. Yaşanan modernleşme süreçleri bu durumu değiştirmeye yönelik bir istek sergilese de sonuca giden yol her zaman çok hızlı ve pürüzsüz ilerlemiştir denilemez. “Eskici” öyküsü de bu bağlamda bir okumaya açıktır. Gerek Sevgi Soysal’ın öykünün yazıldığı yıllarda yaşadıkları gerekse Osmanlı’dan itibaren kadınların ev ve sokağa yönelik deneyimleri, öykü karakterinin düşüncelerine ve eylemlerine sirayet eder. Bu yazıda kişisel ve toplumsal birikimler dikkate alınarak evin alışılagelmiş anlamının dışında kişinin üzerinde bir yük veya pranga hâline gelişi ve kadın karakterin bütün bunlardan kurtularak kentin içine karışma öyküsü; evin değişen anlamı, kadının evden çıkışı ve kamusal ile özel alan/mekân ayrımı gibi çeşitli bakımlardan değerlendirilmeye çalışılacaktır.
Analisis Tingkat Kesehatan Bank (Metode RBBR): Perbandingan Kelompok Bank Umum dan BUKU
Authors: Yulianti Vania , Christianti Ari
Published: March 2022

ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian – Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur dan membandingkan tingkat kesehatan bank antara kelompok bank umum dan Bank Umum Berdasarkan Kegiatan Usaha (BUKU). Desain/Metodologi/Pendekatan –Penelitian ini menggunakan metode RBBR (Risk Based Bank Rating) untuk menilai tingkat kesehatan bank dengan menggunakan faktor Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earnings dan Capital (RGEC)  Temuan – Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor GCG dan faktor Risk Profile menjadi faktor yang paling penting dalam mencapai bank yang sehat. Hal ini terbukti dari bank yang melaksanakan GCG dan manajemen risiko yang baik memiliki kinerja yang baik dan berdampak pada pencapaian kesehatan bank yang baik pula. Keterbatasan penelitian – Penelitian ini memiliki keterbatasan hanya menggunakan satu rasio keuangan untuk masing-masing faktor Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earnings dan Capital (RGEC). Selain itu, penelitian ini hanya menilai kesehatan bank per faktor, dikarenakan belum ada peringkat komposit gabungan dari semua faktor yang ada dalam RGEC sekaligus. Originality/value – Penelitian ini mencoba untuk membandingkan tingkat kesehatan bank berdasarkan kelompok bank umum dan BUKU untuk mengetahui bank yang memiliki tingkat kesehatan terbaik berdasarkan faktor-faktor yang ada dalam RGEC. Keywords : Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earnings dan Capital.
Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan dengan Struktur Modal sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Jannah Siti Miftahul
Published: March 2022

ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian – Hal yang perlu diperhatikan dalam berinvestasi salah satunya dengan melihat ukuran perusahaan dan pengelolaan modalnya untuk menunjang harga saham yang menunjukkan nilai dari perusahaan tersebut. Untuk itu, penting untuk mengetahui ukuran perusahaan dan struktur modal dalam sebuah perusahaan agar invostor mengetahui nilai perusahaan. Desain/Metodologi/Pendekatan – Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan objek pada sub sektor industry barang konsumsi dan sub sektor pertambangan yang terdaftar di BEI tahun 2018-2020. Dengan jumlah populasi sebesar 119 perusahan dan sampel sebesar 92 perusahaan dengan menggunakan analisis jalur (path analysis). Temuan – Ukuran perusahaan berpengaruh negative signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan.Ukuran perusahaan berpengaruh negative dan tidak signifikan terhadap struktur modal.Struktur modal berpengaruh positif terhadap nilai perusahaan. dan struktur modal tidak dapat menjadi variabel intervening pengaruh dari ukuran perusahaan terhadap nilai perusahaan Keterbatasan penelitian – Penelitian ini hanya menggunakan objek pada perusahaan dengan sub sektor pertambangan dan sub sektor industry barang konsumsi. Selain itu, penelitian ini menggunakan satu indikator penilaian pada setiap variabel. Originality/value – Penelitian ini diharapkan mampu memberikan manfaat dalam bidang keuangan dalam sebuah perusahaan dan penilaian terhadap ukuran, nilai dan modal perusahaan. Keywords : Ukuran Perusahaan, Struktur Modal, Nilai Perusahaan.
Lead the way or leave the way: Early experience of management of emergency pelvi-acetabular surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan.
Authors: Umair Nadeem  , Atif Ali  , Nayab Shakoor  , Jawad Hafeez  , Majid Zaheer  , Zubair Khalid  , Ameer Aziz
Published: March 2022

Objective: To report the early experience, the relationship of surgical site infection after pelvi-acetabular fracture fixation with certain possible risk factors, and organizational protocol for emergency pelvic surgery currently being used during the COVID-19 pandemic by an integrated team of orthopedic surgeons. Study Design: Prospective study. Setting: Department of Orthopedic and Spine Surgery, “Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital Lahore, Pakistan. Period: March 2020, to August 2020. Material & Methods: A total of 25 patients diagnosed with acetabular fractures were included. Fracture patterns were classified according to judet and letournel and young burgess classification systems. Factors studied included patient’s age, gender, body mass index, fracture pattern, type of surgery, comorbidities, smoking status, associated injuries, surgical site infections and mortality. Results: In a total of 25 patients, 21(84.0%) were male and 4(16.0%) female patients with overall mean age as 38.04±14.58 years. Overall, mean BMI was 23.20±2.60 kg/m2. There were 12(48.0%) patiens who had hypertension while 4 (16.0%) smokers. There were 21 (84.0%) patients who did not have any associated injuries while 3 (12.0%) had the associated extremities. The mean hospital stay of the patients was 5.08±0.76 days. The results revealed no significant association of Gender with these parameters (p > 0.001). Conclusion: There is no added risk of infection and mortality for the provision of emergency trauma services to pelvi-acetabular fractured patients even during panic and pandemic situations.
Early surgery for appendicular lump in pediatric patients is still safe.
Authors: Nabi Bux Napar  , Noor Ahmad Shaikh  , Imamuddin Baloch  , Azhar Ali Shah  , Bushra Shaikh  , Ishrat Mahtam
Published: March 2022

Objective: To analyze the outcomes of early surgical management of appendicular lump in pediatric patients. Study Design: Prospective Observational study. Setting: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Ghulam Muhammad Mahar Medical College Sukkur. Period: January 2019 to December 2020. Material & Methods: Eighty seven patients of either gender with age up to 12 years, with diagnosis of appendicular lump were selected for this study. Variables that were analyzed include age, gender, presence of various symptoms, operative finding and difficulties, duration of surgery and duration of hospital stay. Results: Mean age of the patients was 8.22±2.35 years. Out of 87 patients, 66 (75.9%) were male and 21(24.10%) were female with male to female ratio of 3.14:1. Duration of surgery ranged from 47 to 142 minutes, with mean and standard deviation of 73.15±21.55 minutes. Intra-operatively, perforated appendix was the most common finding as was seen in 39 (44.83%) patients, followed by pus collection, which was found in 31 (35.62%) patients, appendicular abscess was seen in 26 (29.88%) patients whereas gangrenous appendix was found in 17 (19.54%) patients. Difficulty in localizing appendix was faced in 13 (14.94%) patients and difficulty in removal of adhesions was faced in 8 (9.2%) patients. Post-operative complications were seen in 22 (22.99%) patients. The duration of hospital stay ranged from 4 to 11 days with mean and standard deviation of 5.57±1.04 days. Conclusion: It is concluded in our study that early surgery in children with of appendicular lump can safely be carried out with good outcome and shorter hospital stay.
Structure, mutations and variants of Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV): A brief report
Authors: Mohammad Farhan Qureshi  , Hania Farhan  , Shoeb Qureshi
Published: March 2022

The COVID-19, also known as the coronavirus pandemic, is an ongoing global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS-CoV-2. The novel virus was first identified from an outbreak in the Chinese city of Wuhan in December 2019, and attempts to contain it there failed, allowing it to spread across the globe. The ongoing pandemic is resulting from extreme acute breathing syndrome. The World Health Organization declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on 30 January 2020 and later declared a pandemic on eleven March 2020. As of eight July 2021, greater than 185 million instances had been showed, with greater than four million deaths attributed to COVID-19. Over two hundred twenty-eight million cases of COVID-19 in the world have been reported until the 21st of September 2021 after the first rise in December 2019. The virus caused the disease called severe acute respiratory syndrome. The structure of SARC-CoV-2 shows the presence of Spike S protein, Membrane M protein, Envelop protein and Nucleocapsid. Currently, four SARS-CoV-2 variants, these are Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta and Omicron variants originated from United Kingdom, South Africa, Brazil/Japan, and India, respectively. The classification of SARS-CoV-2 variants is based on the mutations in the structure, based inclusions. Mutations in covid-2 create variants which are helpful in making stable vaccine and/or anti-viral drug design. In view of the significance of the structure, mutations and variants of Covid-19, it was found necessary to emphasize the whole problem into a brief review.
OPTIMASI ALGORITMA C4.5 MENGGUNAKAN METODE FORWARD SELECTION DAN STRATIFIED SAMPLING UNTUK PREDIKSI KELAYAKAN KREDIT
Authors: Ubaedi Ibnu , Djaksana Yan Mitha
Published: March 2022

Kredit merupakan dana yang diberikan oleh bank kepada pihak lain berdasarkan perjanjian pinjam-meminjam, yang mewajibkan peminjam melunasi pinjamannya setelah jangka waktu tertentu. Sebelum memberi kredit, bank perlu menganalisis kemampuan nasabah dalam melunasi utangnya untuk mengurangi resiko kredit. Analisis kredit yang dilakukan oleh bank terkadang tidak akurat, sehingga menimbulkan kredit macet. Masalah ini akan diselesaikan dengan memanfaatkan teknologi data mining, yaitu membuat pohon keputusan menggunakan algoritma C4.5 untuk memprediksi kelayakan kredit. Tetapi, algoritma C4.5 memiliki masalah penurunan akurasi ketika dihadapkan dengan atribut dan jumlah data yang besar. Masalah ini akan diselesaikan dengan metode Feature Selection dan Stratified Sampling yang terbukti dapat menyelesaikan masalah atribut dan jumlah data yang besar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pohon keputusan yang dihasilkan dari algoritma C4.5 memiliki akurasi cukup baik sebesar 79,11% dan metode Feature Selection dan Stratified Sampling berhasil meningkatkan akurasi algoritma C4.5 sebesar 9,2% dalam memprediksi kelayakan kredit.

 

Kata kunci - Optimasi Algoritma C4.5, Feature Selection, Stratified Sampling, Kelayakan Kredit, Atribut dan Jumlah Data yang Besar
L’ἰσχύς cynique entre la maîtrise de soi socratique et le tonos stoïcien : un volontarisme ?
Authors: Decker Julien
Published: March 2022

Cynic philosophy is often described as a philosophy of will. Its use of the word ἰσχύς would be an important step to the emergence of voluntas and to the Stoic tonos. However, determining whether Cynics defined ἰσχύς as a concept is difficult, as its occurrences are few. Instead, considering the essentiality of strength in virtue, whatever Greek words they use, may help us. One of the main questions for Ancients was: what does virtue require to exist and bring to happiness? For most of philosophers, sentences like these may be found in Diogenes Laertius’ doxographies. Strength is not considered as an overriding good. Plato classifies it as a bodily good and Stoics as an adiaphoron. Yet Antisthenes talks about a Socratic strength which is necessary to virtue. Only Xenophon’s texts can help us to understand what this expression means. My hypothesis in this work is that Cynics merely seriously take the matter of Socratic endurance as bodily strength and consider that knowledge is not sufficient for good actions. They do not spiritualize strength but consider it as the essential quality of virtue, which they get by a harsh training to pains. This is how voluntas can subsequently appear.
Супрамолекулярный комплекс моноаммонийная соль глицирризиновой кислоты — лаппаконитина гидробромид и его антиаритмическое действие
Authors: Зиявитдинов Ж. Ф. , Ишимов У. Ж. , Бердиев Н. Ш. , Жумаев И. З. , Ощепкова Юлия Игоревна , Усманов П. Б. , Салихов Ш. И.
Published: March 2022

Целью данной работы является создание новых лекарственных форм лаппаконитина гидробромида, характеризующихся измененным механизмом и характером высвобождения лекарственного вещества, и изучение специфической активности на моделях аритмии в условиях in vitro на папиллярной мышце сердца крысы в сравнении с применяемым в настоящее время препаратом Аллапинин® (лаппаконитина гидробромидом). Получены комплексы лаппаконитина гидробромида с моноаммонийной солью глицирризиновой кислоты (МАСГК) в молярном соотношении 1/2 и 1/4. Проведено изучение физико-химических характеристик и биологической активности полученных комплексов в сравнении с Аллапинином® на фоне аконитиновой аритмии и определено, что комплексное соединение лаппаконитина гидробромида с МАСГК в молярном соотношении 1/4 восстанавливало нарушенную аконитином сократительную активность папиллярной мышцы в течение 8 мин после его внесения в среду, в то время как аналогичный эффект комплекса 1/2 и Аллапинина® наблюдался через 10 и 15 мин соответственно. Более того, в присутствии комплекса 1/4 восстановленная сократительная активность папиллярной мышцы сохранялась более длительное время (130 мин) по сравнению с Аллапинином® (90 мин). Полученный комплекс может быть использован при создании антиаритмического препарата пролонгированного действия с улучшенными свойствами.
Prevalence analysis and main criteria for assessing the incidence of eczema for dogs
Authors: Blednova A.V. , Blеdnov A.I. , Steblovskaya S.Y. , Kolomiytsev S.M.
Published: March 2022

The article discusses one of the common skin diseases of dogs – eczema, which affects about 9.1% of dogs in the city of Kursk. The proportion of dog's skin diseases in the total morbidity structure of animals with non-infectious (57.7%) and infectious pathologies (42.3%) was 36.3%. The influence of the age of animals on animal pathology was determined: eczematous diseases are more often recorded for the animals aged from one to two years (57.5%), somewhat less often (32.7%) at the age of 2 months to 1 year and in isolated cases (9.8%) over the age of 5. It has been established that inurban climatic conditions the frequency of dog's eczematous lesionsis influenced by the air temperature and the amount of precipitation.A high percentage of dogs affected by eczema (47%) is noted in the fall (mainly in September) – 47% and in the summer months (July-August) – 25%. Eczema was registered slightly less in winter (12%) and spring (16%) periods. The causes of dog's eczema of various origins were determined: 34.3% – liver dysfunction, 28.6% – allergic reaction to food, 25.7% – mechanical irritation, 8.5% – pathogenic effect of entomoses and endoparasitic mites, 2, 9% – allergic reaction to drugs. Weeping eczema was found for 42 animals (70%), "chronic eczema" for 18 dogs (30%). Typical clinical signs of eczema manifestations for dogs were recorded in the following ratios: itching – 100%, exudation – 94.5%, papules – 93.2%. Other clinical manifestations were less common, or were only in the anamnesis (fever – 5%, decreased appetite – 18%, drinking a lot of water – 12%, pain when moving the dog – 8%, loss of activity – 20%). A tendency to eczema was observed in dogs with pronounced skin folds, in older animals and in dogs with a thick undercoat.
Immunomodulatory therapy for bacterial infections in pregnant sows
Authors: Popov V.S. , Svazlyan G.A. , Naumov N.M.
Published: March 2022

The paper presents data reflecting the titers of agglutinins to specific antigens in the blood of pregnant sows and the dynamics of T and B lymphocytes, with specific immunocorrection of general intestinal diseases with the OKZ vaccine containing the antigens of colibacillosis, salmonellosis, Klebsiellosis and Proteus infection, and PPS containing Sal.cholerae suis , Sal.typhimurium, Pasteurella multocida (serovars A, B, D) and streptococci (serogroups C and R) in combination with the immunomodulator metallosuccinate. It is known that the most common pathogens are opportunistic bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family: Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Klebsiella pneumonia, Morganella morgani, which are widely represented in the environment, and are also resident representatives of the normal microflora of animals. In this regard, the specific prevention of bacterial infections with the simultaneous stimulation of nonspecific immunity in pregnant sows is of scientific and practical importance. Specific prophylaxis of sows, in combination with metallosuccinate, increases agglutinin titers, respectively, to pasteurellosis antigen within 19.8% - 24.7%, salmonella antigens (S. cholerae suis 2.2 times, S. typhimurium 2.9 times) and by 77.9% after the second injection, to the Escherichiosis antigen by 9.2% -67.3% and to the streptococcal antigen by 2.8 times compared with the animals of the control group. An increase in agglutinin titers was found without the use of specific drugs, which characterizes metallosuccinate as a drug with antigenicity. The use of metallosuccinate in sows using specific biological products made it possible to activate the synthesis of B-lymphocytes within 47.7% after the first injection, by 50.7% 10 days after the second injection and by 42.6% 20 days after the second injection. Thus, in the studies carried out, a strategy and basic principles of simultaneous immune and metabolic correction of the body of pregnant sows have been proposed.
The efficacy of the use of succinic and formol-succinic biostimulants for the prevention and treatment of edematous disease and salmonellosis in piglets
Authors: Blumskaya S.N. , Dzhalavkhanov R.V.
Published: March 2022

This article is devoted to evaluating the efficacy of the use of succinic and formol-succinic biostimulant for the prevention and treatment of edematous disease and salmonellosis in piglets, namely, its influence on the infectious process and therapeutic effectiveness in these diseases. To assess the efficacy of edematous disease, we took five-day-old piglets, which were further divided into three groups: two groups for each drug and, accordingly, the third was a control. The case of salmonellosis was a spontaneous situation during the vaccination of piglets. All piglets were also divided into three groups, but selection was not chaotic as with edematous disease. The piglets were divided into groups only after a clinical examination into "sick", "suspicious" and "clinically healthy". The scheme of using drugs for salmonellosis was similar to that for edematous disease. It should be said the course of treatment with the use of an succinic biostimulant in combination with gentamicin provided a favorable fracture of the disease after a single injection of drugs. All animals of this group had only residual symptoms of the disease on the second day. In fact, a similar pattern was observed when using a formol-succinic biostimulant, but still one piglet from this group fell. In the situation with salmonellosis, the use of formol-succinic biostimulant on clinically healthy piglets during the outbreak was very successful. There are no cases of the disease were registered. In the group of piglets that were treated with one succinic biostimulant, 1 (4.5%) case of suspected salmonellosis was registered. The incidence of salmonellosis in the control group was 15%. It should be noted that the intensive therapy course, including a succinic biostimulant in combination with gentamicin, proved to be quite effective for the treatment of sick animals of the control group. In all piglets, clinical recovery was achieved after the first administration of the drugs. Thus, based on the results of the conducted experience, it was possible to draw the following conclusions: - the preventive use of succinic and formol-succinic biostimulants for piglets provides effective correction of immunometabolic processes, which is an important condition for increasing the body's resistance to pathogens of colibacteriosis and salmonellosis.
Biotechnological aspects of obtaining sodium nucleinate from Chlorella microalgae and its effect on protein metabolism
Authors: Naumov M.M. , Roik B.O. , Naumov N.M.
Published: March 2022

The scientific article presents the results of research on the development of an effective method for isolating nucleic acids by citrate-salt hydrolysis from the freeze-dried biomass of Chlorella vulgaris microalgae to create an oral preparation based on them in the form of a sodium salt of nucleic acids, as well as determining its effect on morphological and biochemical parameters of rabbit blood, in particular protein metabolism. A special bioreactor was developed and constructed for the experiment. The author's method of extracting nucleic acids from the biomass of green microalgae of the genus Chlorella vulgaris was developed and tested to obtain the final product in the form of sodium nucleinate powder with the necessary physico-chemical parameters, which was determined by appropriate analysis methods. The yield of sodium nucleinate after drying in an air current and weighing on an electronic scale with an error of ± 0.0002 g in mass ratios was 6.0 g from a sample of 50.0 g of dry biomass of Chlorella vulgaris microalgae. The resulting preparation is a white - beige finely dispersed amorphous powder, odorless after the stages of washing and drying. Electrophoretic analysis determined that the preparation of nucleic acids from chlorella has a molecular weight of 350 to 400 kDa. It has been established that the obtained preparation based on nucleic acids has a positive effect on morphological and biochemical parameters of blood and indicators of protein metabolism of rabbits. The increase in the content of total protein, albumins, gamma globulins in rabbits receiving the drug was more pronounced compared to the control group of rabbits. An increase in the level of gamma globulins in rabbits treated with a nucleic preparation indicates the activation of humoral protection factors in them.
Challenges for the contemporary international legal framework and the rule of law
Authors: Carević Melita , Rusan Novokmet Rutvica
Published: March 2022

This paper explores the current level of legal protection of climate migrants in international and EU law and the repercussions that the present approach might have on the rule of law. It first analyses whether the current binding instruments of refugee and climate change law offer any protection for climate migrants and identifies a legal gap in this regard. It then briefly addresses the progress made by recently adopted soft law instruments and the UN Human Rights Committee decision in the Teitiota case, at the same time pointing out that the latter decision has set criteria which might jeopardise the realisation of the non-refoulement right which it aims to guarantee. The paper then analyses the literature on the link of climate change and migration, using the example of the Syrian civil war, the rise of anti-immigration populism which subsequently occurred, as well as the threat that such movements might pose for the rule of law. The authors conclude that the planned and systematic response of the international community to climate migration and continued good regional and bilateral practices are more likely to prevent sudden spikes in mass migration which could lead to anti-immigration populist movements.
Political and constitutional approach toward COVID 19
Authors: Jashari Murat , Selimi Behar , Pepaj Islam
Published: March 2022

This paper analyzes the political and constitutional confrontation of Kosovo and Croatia with the COVID-19 pandemic. The similarities of the constitutional provisions governing emergency situations and possible restrictions on human freedoms and rights in both countries, alongside hybrid parliamentary systems with strong presidents, have produced the same approaches, respectively similar in political and constitutional terms as well as in the academic and professional aspect. Therefore, this paper is focused more on government responses to the situation, including divergences between presidents and governments, as well as constitutional court approaches and respective academic opinions on the subject axis: extraordinary measures within the ordinary or extraordinary legal order with a formal declaration of a “State of Emergency”. Both countries set out for the first model, contenting themselves with amending legal frameworks without a formal declaration of a state of emergency. How and why, it happened is explained in the second and third parts of the paper, resulting in conclusions and recommendations.
Smart marriage contracts
Authors: Sisák Ľuboslav
Published: March 2022

This paper is intended to serve as an introductory treatise on the subject of smart marriage contracts (SMC) as a manifestation of blockchain in
matrimonial property law of contracts. It starts with a description of the origin and functioning of an SMC from a technical standpoint, while evaluating the legal nature thereof at the same time. Afterwards, we focus on the possibilities and means of an SMC’s establishment under German, Austrian, and Slovak law. Moving on, issues related to the content of a marriage contract establishing an SMC are examined. Then it is tested the permissibility of an SMC-related provision in a marriage contract referred to as a “registration clause”. Finally, it is delved into the question whether the appearance of an SMC in a marriage contract introduces any peculiarities to issues of private international law, namely from the perspective of the EU Regulations on property regimes of international couples.
Kolektivni ugovori kao izvor prava za reguliranje radnog statusa pomoraca u Republici Hrvatskoj
Authors: Rozić Ivo , Vuković Tony , Božiković Nenad
Published: March 2022

Radni status pomoraca jedan je od najspecifičnijih radnih statusa. Pomorci su posebna kategorija radnika, jer im je mjesto rada ujedno i mjesto življenja, te im se uvjeti života i rada u mnogočemu razlikuju od uvjeta rada i života radnika u drugim gospodarskim djelatnostima koje se obavljaju na kopnu. Stoga je posebno važno pravno reguliranje radnog statusa pomoraca. Najveći uspjeh po pitanju radnopravnih odnosa pomoraca učinjen je usvajanjem Konvencije o radu pomoraca iz 2006. (MLC), koju je Republika Hrvatska ratificirala u veljači 2010. U Republici Hrvatskoj ne postoji cjelovit pravni akt kojim bi se uredili radni, socijalni i životni uvjeti pomoraca, već takve odredbe obuhvaćaju više propisa. Posebno važan izvor prava su kolektivni ugovori. U Republici Hrvatskoj na snazi su dva takva kolektivna ugovora – Nacionalni kolektivni ugovor za hrvatske pomorce na putničkim brodovima i trajektima sklopljen 1998. i Nacionalni kolektivni ugovor za hrvatske pomorce na brodovima u međunarodnoj plovidbi (2021.-2022.) koji je u primjeni od 2021. U radu autori daju osvrt na Konvenciju o radu pomoraca, značajke pojma i procesa kolektivnoga pregovaranja, a posebno analiziraju važeće kolektivne ugovore s fokusom na Nacionalni kolektivni ugovor za hrvatske pomorce na brodovima u međunarodnoj plovidbi (2021.-2022.).
Prekogranično poslovanje društava za osiguranje na jedinstvenom tržištu Europske unije
Authors: Padovan Adriana Vincenca , Duvnjak Mirela
Published: March 2022

Autorice analiziraju pravni okvir za prekogranično poslovanje društava za osiguranje unutar EU-a s posebnim osvrtom na važeće pravno uređenje u Republici Hrvatskoj te obrađuju statističke podatke o poslovima osiguranja koje društva za osiguranje obavljaju na temelju prava slobode poslovnog nastana, odnosno slobode pružanja usluga osiguranja u Republici Hrvatskoj i iz Republike Hrvatske u drugim državama članicama EU-a. Time se nastoji prikazati stvaran učinak primjene propisa Europske unije o slobodi poslovnog nastana i slobodi pružanja usluga osiguranja na domaću industriju osiguranja te ukazati na izazove koji se takvom liberalizacijom u sektoru osiguranja postavljaju pred osiguratelje i druge pružatelje usluga osiguranja u Republici Hrvatskoj.
Guía documental del Archivo Histórico Comité Promotor Pro Premio Nobel de la Paz "Samuel Ruíz García, 1994"
Authors: García Mendoza Jaime , Puente Lutteroth María Alicia
Published: March 2022

Guía Documental del Archivo Histórico Comité Promotor Pro Premio Nobel de la Paz «Samuel Ruiz García, 1994», representa tres objetivos particulares: rescatar las fuentes pertinentes para la historia religiosa, capacitar a los alumnos de la licenciatura en historia para la organización de archivos eclesiásticos e impulsar las futuras investigaciones. Gracias a la recuperación de este acervo se logró su digitalización y la edición de los documentos en formato digital. De esta forma, se espera preservar las fuentes, evitar su deterioro y contribuir al crecimiento de fuentes sociales e históricas. El archivo se integra por seis secciones: “Administración y Organización”, “Correspondencia”, “Escritos”, “Labor de la Diócesis de San Cristóbal de las Casas”, “Movimientos Sociales” y “Prensa”. En total, el acervo cuenta con 43 series resguardadas en «cajas», con un total de 5 600 documentos ordenados temática y cronológicamente. Las imágenes se pueden consultar en el Archivo Histórico Digital del Estado de Morelos, dependiente de la Facultad de Humanidades, ubicado en el Tercer Piso del Edificio Principal de la UAEM.
Xochicalco / Xochelkalhme
Authors: Lorenzana Molina Daniela , Cruz-Aldrete Miroslava
Published: March 2022

Esta obra, dirigida al público infantil, es la propuesta de un grupo de profesionales provenientes de diversas disciplinas, entre ellas la lingüística y la literatura, para hacer partícipes a los usuarios de la lengua de señas mexicana (LSM), o de una lengua indígena, de la riqueza cultural de México, en particular, de su grandioso pasado prehispánico. Este propósito se concreta en este libro, que nos presenta una narración, en español y náhuatl, acompañada de cuidadas ilustraciones, y cuyo escenario es el sitio arqueológico de Xochicalco.