bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
İkinci Meşrutiyet Dönemi Osmanlı Ordusunda Efrad-ı Sıhhiye’nin Eczacılık Eğitimi
Authors: Avcı Eda , Avcı Cemal
Published: April 2024

Amaç: Osmanlı Ordusu’ndaki sorunları çözmek amacıyla sağlık alanında da düzenlenmeler yapılmıştır. Yardımcı sağlık elemanı yetiştirmek, bu düzenlemeler içinde önemli konudur. Bu çalışma ile İkinci Meşrutiyet döneminde Osmanlı Ordusu’ndaki yardımcı sağlık personelinin eczacılık hizmetleri için aldığı eğitimin içeriği ve niteliği, “Efrad-ı Sıhhiye Ders Kitabı” öznelinde aydınlatılarak eczacılık ve tıp tarihine katkıda bulunmak amaçlamıştır.
Yöntem: 2023 yılında gerçekleştirdiğimiz bu çalışmada “Efrad-ı Sıhhiye Ders Kitabı” ana kaynak olarak irdelenmiştir. Kitapta yer alan eczacılık konuları ile günümüz eczacılık bilgileri karşılaştırılmıştır. Dönemin sağlık gelişmeleri ve günümüz ile mukayesesi için tarih ve sağlık alanındaki kaynaklardan yararlanılmıştır. Eczacılık, tarih ve eğitim alanlarını içeren multidisipliner bir bakış açısıyla gerçekleştirilen araştırmamızda yöntem olarak tarama modeli, veri toplama tekniği olarak da doküman incelemesi kullanılmıştır
Bulgular: “Efrad-ı Sıhhiye Ders Kitabı” incelendiğinde, döneminin sağlık alanına ilişkin bilgi ve becerileri içerdiği, dersi alanları yardımcı sağlık elemanı olmaktan ileriye taşıyan ayrıntılı bir ders kitabı olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. İncelediğimiz kitabın eczacılık alanındaki içeriği oldukça kapsamlıdır. Eczacılık faaliyetlerindeki hal ve tutum, ilaç hammaddeleri, ilaç hazırlamak, ilaç paketlemek, etiketlemek, ilaçların hastalara verilirken dikkat edilecek konular kitapta sıhhiye efradına ayrıntılarıyla öğretilmiştir.
Sonuç: Efrad-ı Sıhhiye Ders Kitabı’nda yer alan bazı bölümlerin modern eczacılık bilimiyle uyumlu olması dikkat çekmektedir. Osmanlı Ordusu’nda eğitim alan yardımcı sıhhiye efradına, ordudan ayrıldıktan sonra da edindiği bilgileri, gittiği muhitte uygulama ve sağlık hizmetlerindeki eksikliği giderme imkânı vermiştir. Osmanlı Devleti’ndeki çağdaşlaşma hareketlerinin sadece siyasal ve toplumsal alanla sınırlı kalmayıp sağlık alanında da gerçekleştiği çalışmamızın sonuçlarındandır.
ScholarOne - Efforts to Increase the Education, Research, and Community Services Performance in the Era of Technological Disruption: A Multiple Group Analysis
Authors: Siahaan Elisabet , Dalimunthe Ritha , Lumbanraja Prihatin , NAWI ABDOL SAMAD , Zulkarnain Siti Hafsah
Published: April 2024

This study aims to provide analysis and recommendations that can be used
to optimize the performance of lecturers who contribute to achieving
national goals, namely education, research, and community services.
Respondents were 360 lecturers from four state universities on the
island of Sumatera, Indonesia. The data were collected using a
questionnaire, and the research questionnaire used an interval scale.
The dependent variable in this study is the performance of the three
pillars of higher education in Indonesia, namely education and teaching,
research, and community service. This research was conducted at three
state universities, and the analysis was developed using a Structural
Equations Model (SEM) with a multiple-group analysis (MGA) method based
on the college province. The results prove that lecturer job
satisfaction plays a significant and dominant role in improving the
education, research, and community services performance in the era of
disruption. The condition of tertiary institutions in one province may
differ from another. In Aceh Province, the most dominant is the need to
increase technological expertise in contrast to North Sumatera and West
Sumatera, focused on achieving job satisfaction. The results of this
research also prove that each province may have different
characteristics in optimizing higher education performance.
ScholarOne - Investigating the Effectuation Process of Microbusinesses: Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Andriany Lussia , Kim Sang-Joon
Published: April 2024

This study argues that entrepreneurship motivation, particularly
necessity entrepreneurship, is a determining factor in the process of
establishing a new microbusiness. This argument is based on the negative
stigma associated with necessity entrepreneurs, that is, entrepreneurs
start their businesses due to external pressure, resulting in owners who
lack clear business goals. Taking the concept of effectuation logic, we
employ a qualitative approach in the context of Indonesia to explain how
entrepreneurs’ motivation plays a role in establishing a microbusiness.
Our findings, presenting that microbusiness owners’ motivation is
bifurcated based on pressure and opportunity, suggest an
effectuation-based process of microbusiness creation.
ScholarOne - Fun, work, and everything in between: Validation of the Romanian version and longitudinal measurement invariance of the Playful Work Design scale
Authors: Tabirta Consuela , Vîrgă Delia
Published: April 2024

As a proactive strategy, playful work design allows employees to use
ludic or agnostic play to handle hindrances or monotonous tasks. With
the help of fun and competition design, they can even transform those
tasks into productive work experiences. Drawing on the Job
Demands-Resources theory, we analyzed the psychometric properties of the
playful work design scale in three studies to adapt and validate the
scale for the Romanian population. In the first study, the confirmatory
factor analysis results indicated that the two-factor model based on 12
items has a good value of the fit indices. The second study
cross-validated the instrument with other constructs that measured
playfulness, personal initiative, meaning-making, task complexity, task
monotony, flow at work, engagement, and performance. The third study
consisted of a longitudinal invariance analysis on the Romanian version
of the playful work design scale applied at two different moments.
Altogether, the results demonstrate the validity of the Romanian version
of this scale, which can be used in organizations to evaluate playful
work design as a proactive individual strategy.
ScholarOne - Educational inequality between urban and rural areas in China
Authors: JIN Xiao
Published: April 2024

China’s urban and rural education inequality is a potential problem of
human capital accumulation, which has long been a concern for
researchers and policymakers. Equality has become the main goal of
education, although the Chinese government has taken various measures to
provide citizens with basic education, the material and financial
resources to achieve this goal are limited, especially in rural areas.
This paper uses data from field visits and the questionnaire which was
completed by some students from two schools in both urban and rural
areas in China with a comparison of the student’s family background,
social capital, parents’ expectations of education and educational
resources. The results of the questionnaire survey show that compared
with rural students, urban students have more advantages in most factors
of the questionnaire survey mainly in family as well as school
environment sections…
The connection between religiosity and psychological stability among Muslims in Russian megacities
Authors: Dzhuad Iu. Iu.
Published: April 2024

The article presents the results of an analysis of the relationship between external and internal religiosity, religious practice and psychological stability among Muslims living in Russian megacities. The study involved 87 respondents: 12 men and 75 women aged from 16 to 70 years. To determine the level of external and internal religiosity, the Mussarat Jaben Khan scale of Muslim religiosity was used (Khan, 2014). To measure psychological stability, the method of diagnosing “The dominant state” of L.V. Kulikov was used. Kulikov in a shortened version (DS-6) (Kulikov, 2003), the respondents’ attitude towards religious practice was assessed by the author’s questionnaire. Analysis of the study results conﬁrmed our hypothesis that the level of religiosity, both external and internal, is associated with various aspects of psychological stability. The study revealed a signiﬁcant positive relationship between internal religiosity and such scales of the dominant psychological state as “stability of emotional tone”, “calmness”, “high tone”, and a negative relationship with the scale “active attitude to life situation”. And also the results of the study showed that the connection between external religiosity and the scales of the dominant psychological state is not signiﬁcant in any of the cases, except for the negative connection with the “stability of emotional tone” scale. This generally indicates that for Muslims living in Russian megacities and who took part in the study, internal religiosity is a signiﬁcant factor in increasing psychological stability.
The Treaty of Küçük-Kaynarca of Ottoman diplomat Ahmed Resmi Efendi and his works
Authors: Korkmaz Telly
Published: April 2024

The 18th century, which is considered as a period when the modernization started in the history of the Ottoman Empire, also contains the reasons that led to the collapse of this great empire. This period is also important for Russian history because in this century Russia came to the historical stage as a strong state after the Treaty of Kucuk Kaynarca (1774) signed with the Ottoman Empire. This treaty, which ended the Russo-Turkish War (1768-1774), was signed by Ahmed Resmi Efendi who was Ottoman Empire's court officer and delegate. In this study Ottoman statesman Ahmed Resmi Efendi and his works were also examined.
Historical determinants of legal behavior
Authors: Volkova Natalya , Pashentsev Dmitrii
Published: April 2024

The article shows the factors that influenced legal behavior of a person in a historical retrospect. Special attention is paid to the economic, technological, political, moral, and religious factors. The author shows the conditionality of legal behavior of a person in the Middle Ages in relation to their status. It is proposed to combine the historical determinants of legal behavior into several groups. The role of law in establishing criteria of lawful behavior is emphasized.
To some questions of studying the history of medieval trade
Authors: Chaghlayan Yegana
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the history of medieval trade. The author gives a brief overview of the fundamental works of major European and Russian historians, in which the practical and theoretical issues of international trade in the Middle Ages are studied. Based on the materials of these studies, some topical aspects of the economic history of medieval societies are also considered.
Genocide of the Soviet people: German policy in historical and legal retrospective
Authors: Rumyantseva Valentina , Bаgdаsаryan Susanna , Shamsumova Emma
Published: April 2024

Interpretation of World War II and its consequences for humanity, is once again on the geopolitical agenda of national and international security. Consideration of the war through the prism of historical, legal / historical and political / historical discourse continues, despite the existence of many theories and studies. The study of the genocide of the Soviet people continues the study of complex military issues and prioritizes the assessment of crimes against humanity from the standpoint of historical politics, the preservation of historical truth, objectivity, and memory.
A study on the orientation of music development in the political framework of “culture first” in contemporary China
Authors: Yunlong Hou , Huijing Xiong
Published: April 2024

China's highest propaganda and ideological work, emphasizing the reality of the situation in the field of culture to achieve the purpose of revitalizing culture, showing a new image of work, “Xing culture” as one of the five missions of China's propaganda and ideological work in the new era. Under this political framework of “culture first”, the propagation of Chinese music is bound to be guided by its development.
Kentlerde Kültür Sanat Yönetimi Araştırması
Authors: Yağız Derya
Published: April 2024

Sosyolojide olduğu gibi yönetim bilimleri de kültür ve sanatı farklı unsurlardan teşekkül etmiş bir olgu olarak kabul etmektedir. Organizasyonel yapısıyla, devlet erkinin ve otoritenin kentlerdeki varlığı vesayet denetimi adı altında yerel yönetimler eliyle devreye girmektedir. Araştırmanın içeriğinde yer alan çözümleyici ve analitik yöntemler kapsamına aldığı kentleri çoğunlukla yönetim bilimlerinin belirlediği temel kriterler üzerinden değerlendirmiş veya eleştirmiştir. Sosyal bilimlere terminolojik veri seti sağlayan genel kavram ve terimlerin yeterli olmadığı sanatsal kültürel temelli açıklamalarda ise estetik bilgisinin sunduğu kavramlarla ilerlemek tercih edilmiştir. Disiplinler arası yaklaşım, yazarın uzun zamana yayılan tüm çalışmalarında benimseyip açıklamaya çalıştığı ve her fırsatta toplumu oluşturan katmanların kent odaklı teori ve uygulamalarında var olmasını savunduğu bir yöntem olarak kabul edilmektedir. Değişen ve dönüşen dünyada hızla tüketilen kültür ve sanatın yeni kamu yönetimi anlayışı içerisinde artık sadece devlet eliyle değil serbest piyasa ekonomisinde kendisine bir yer arayan yerel yönetimlerin de katkısıyla bir hizmet unsuru olarak görülmesi araştırmanın temel varsayımıdır. Kapsam olarak yönetim bilimleri evreninde bulunan yerel bürokrasi ve onun iş görme biçimleri kültür ve sanat hizmeti özelinde ele alınıp değerlendirilmiştir. Türkiye genelinde otuz büyükşehir ve il kademesinde belediye başkanları, daire başkanları ve birim yöneticileri ile gerçekleştirilen görüşmelerden elde edilen bulgular veri analizlerinin yanı sıra gömülü teori ile açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.
Kentsel ve Çevresel Adalet Bağlamında Mülkiyet ve İmar Hakkı Analizi: İstanbul İli Sultanbeyli İlçesi Örneği
Authors: Tanrıvermiş Harun , Terzioğlu Aydın Güven , Aliefendioğlu Yeşim
Published: April 2024

Arazi mülkiyet hakkı; hemen her ülkede anayasa ve yasalarla güvence altına alınmış bir ayni hak türüdür. Özellikle kentsel arazi piyasalarında mülkiyet ve imar hakkı; kentsel gelişme süreci, yönü ve hızını etkilemektedir. Planlama sürecinde arazi kullanım kararlarının geliştirilmesi ve kullanım yoğunluğunun ekonomik, sosyal ve çevresel etkileri yaşamsal öneme sahiptir. Çalışmada; plansız gelişen ve mülkiyet sorunlarının yaşandığı İstanbul ili Sultanbeyli ilçesinde, mülkiyet hakkının tesisi için yapılan planlama uygulamalarının kentsel ve çevresel adalet kapsamında analizi yapılmıştır. Temel sorun alanları ve bunların etkileri; odak grup çalışması, idari veriler ve yargı kararlarının birlikte analizi yoluyla ortaya konulmuştur. Sultanbeyli ilçesinde, mülkiyet hakkının tesisini esas alacak planlama ve imar uygulama çalışmalarının birçok zor süreci barındırdığı dikkati çekmekte olup ilçede plansız yapılaşmanın yaygın olduğu ve mülkiyet ya da hak sahipliğine dayanmayan parseller üzerinde büyük ölçüde kaçak yapılaşmanın gerçekleştiği görülmektedir. Kentsel gelişim ve dönüşümün sağlanabilmesi, kentlilerin sosyal, ekonomik ve kültürel yaşam standartlarının arttırılabilmesi oldukça güç ve yüksek maliyetli olduğu, sürecin zaman alabileceği dikkati çekmektedir. İstanbul ilinin büyük çoğunluğunun temel ihtiyacı olan; su kaynaklarına, endemik türlere ve orman arazilerine zarar vermeden, çevresel duyarlılığı yüksek düzeyde tutan bir planlama yaklaşımıdır. Yaklaşık 500 bin kişinin yaşadığı ilçede, herkesin mülkiyet hakkını önceleyen ve kentsel adalet kavramını esas alan uygulamaların yapılması gerekecektir.
Türkiye’de Yerel Yönetimlerin Dijitalleşmesine İlişkin Güncel Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Çelebi Zengin Esra , Alkan Ali Davut
Published: April 2024

Siyasi, iktisadi, sosyo-kültürel ve teknolojik alanlar başta olmak üzere birçok alanda öngörülemez bir değişime neden olan küreselleşme süreci kamu yönetimini de etkisi altına almıştır. Bu süreçte, ülkelerin kamu yönetimi sistemleri gelenekselden yeniye doğru evrilirken hem yöneticiler hem de yurttaşlar için önemli bir değişim rüzgârı yakalanmıştır. Bu rüzgâr; demokrasi, şeffaflık, hesap verebilirlik, yurttaş memnuniyeti ve teknoloji yönüne doğru kuvvetli bir şekilde esmeye başlamıştır. Kamu hizmetlerinin etkili ve verimli bir şekilde sunulmasını esas alan yeni kamu hizmeti anlayışı; kaliteyi, esnekliği, performansı, yurttaşı öncelik konusu yaparken, bu hizmetlerin sunumunda teknolojik yeniliklerin de takip edilerek zaman, emek ve maliyet tasarrufu sağlanmasını önemsemektedir. Dijital platformlarda hizmet sunumunun, özellikle yurttaşlara en yakın birimler olması nedeniyle öne çıkan yerel yönetimler için çok daha önem arz ettiği bu süreçte, e-belediyecilik ve mobil belediyecilik olarak adlandırılan uygulamaların giderek arttığı bilinmektedir. Literatür taraması ve ikincil kaynaklar kullanılması yoluyla toplanan verilere dayanılarak hazırlanan bu çalışmada, Türkiye’nin bilgi toplumundaki mevcut durumu ve yerel yönetimlerin dijitalleşme serüveninde kat etmiş olduğu yol güncel veriler eşliğinde değerlendirilmiştir.
Heme-based water aquareceptors
Authors: Anbalagan Savani
Published: April 2024

How cells sense water is a fundamental question in biology and for the evolution of life. The mechanisms underlying hygrosensation in numerous organisms and animals have been experimentally demonstrated. However, hygrosensation has mainly been investigated only in specialized sensory cells (hygroreceptors). However, single-celled microorganisms must have water-sensing protein-based sensors or receptors (or aquareceptors) that would have enabled them to migrate and survive in water-scarce regions or conditions (via osmoadaptation or etc.,) and also evolve into multicellular organisms. But whether water sensing majorly occurs via osmoreceptors/osmosensors or mechanoreceptors or direct water-sensing aquareceptors is unclear. In my opinion, just as gas (solute)-sensing gasoreceptor functions in almost every cell, water-sensing aquareceptors must also function in almost every cell. Due to the potential capability of water molecules to antagonize the gas-binding sites in the heme moiety-containing sensor domains of gasoreceptors, I propose that some heme-based gas-sensing gasoreceptors may have a parallel role as water-sensing protein aquareceptors. And I wonder if hemoglobin can also be considered an aquareceptor due to its nitrite reductase activity.
Using mixed siliciclastic-bioclastic sediments as a natural analogue for plastic-rich systems
Authors: Chiarella Domenico
Published: April 2024

Mixed siliciclastic-bioclastic sediments and systems represent an analogue to understanding the behaviour and impact of plastic sediments in natural environments. The integration of knowledge derived from different mixed systems can enhance our comprehension of depositional processes, bedform morphology, and plastic distribution as well as assess the potentiality of siliciclastic-bioclastic reservoirs suitable for CO2 storage.
Prediction-Based False Memory: Predictions Alone Can Result in Robust False Memories
Authors: Bulatova Olya , Fukuda Keisuke
Published: April 2024

A growing body of literature suggests a powerful role of predictions on memory through prediction violation and prediction confirmation. Violation appears to enhance memory for the event violating the prediction, meanwhile, confirmation boosts memory for the predicted event instead. Crucially, however, the effect of prediction by itself has not been identified as it has typically been studied with its violation or confirmation. Here, we demonstrate the power of predictions on memory by isolating it from its violation and confirmation. In a series of experiments, participants were presented with a real-world object along with three characters and they predicted which character the object belonged to. Upon prediction, participants received either visual confirmation (predicted character showing the item), visual rebuttal (another character showing the item) or no feedback (none of the characters showing the item) with regard to their prediction. When their memory was tested, participants were more likely to falsely remember that their predicted character showed them the item than the other characters did, even when no feedback was provided. This false memory was not eliminated by visual rebuttal and was amplified when participants had a strong item memory. Experiments 2-4 eliminated action (selecting a predicted character) as an alternative explanation and demonstrated that this prediction-based false memory could be modulated through indirect prediction confirmation and violation. Taken together, our findings show that predictions alone are sufficient to induce false memory of predicted events that are robust enough to withstand its direct rebuttal.
Illusory Radial Displacement in Two-Flash Displays
Authors: Solomon Joshua
Published: April 2024

While piloting a 2-alternative forced-choice experiment designed to quantify the visual system's precision for locating briefly flashed spots of light, I noticed that the second flash seemed closer to fixation, even when it wasn't. I measured the size of this illusion using the comparison-of-comparisons paradigm, in which observers were required todecide which of two pairs of flashes had the least difference in eccentricity. The average “wow factor” (i.e., bias divided by the standard deviation of performance-limiting noise) across observers was 0.5. There was no obvious relationship between illusion size and fixation behaviour. As yet, I have no good explanation for this “incoming illusion.”
A data-driven, algorithmic approach to recommending hours of ABA for individuals with ASD
Authors: Cox David J. , Sosine Jacob
Published: April 2024

Determining the precise number of therapy hours a patient needs is a critical clinical decision. Too few hours can reduce overall progress and likely keeps the individual in treatment longer than necessary. Too many hours can cause the individual to spend unnecessary time and money they could have spent on other activities that increase their happiness and well-being. Too many hours also reduce the hours the provider has available to see other clients further exacerbating access issues prominent in mental health today. Despite its importance, little research exists to show how specific patient profiles and intake assessments can lead to replicable and precise therapeutic recommendations. In this study, we show how patient clustering algorithms can be combined with predictive modeling to create a data-driven, algorithmic system that generates dose-response curves relating hours per week of therapy to patient progress while considering the patient’s unique profile. Specifically, we used 48 variables spanning hours and characteristics of therapy, treatment goal characteristics, and patient characteristics to predict goals mastered for 39,475 individuals with ASD receiving applied behavior analysis (ABA) services from 833 service providers. Unsupervised machine learning identified 18 distinct patient clusters. Across clusters, top performing regression models predicted patient progress for all patients with r2=.97 and MAE=0.003 and with r2 for individual clusters ranging between .95-.99 (~.20-.24 points higher than past research) and MAE ranging between <0.001-0.25. Once designed, the resulting patient specific dose-response curves can be used to identify the optimal hours of week that maximizes progress while reducing unnecessary time in treatment. Though designed specifically for predicting ABA hours for individuals with ASD, the current method offers a generalizable approach clinicians can use to develop their own data-driven, algorithmic approach to determine the hours of therapy that optimize patient progress.
The development of the sawtooth wages model of inflation
Authors: de Carvalho André Roncaglia
Published: April 2024

This paper covers the development of the sawtooth wages model, a graphical representation of the behavior of periodically adjusted fixed nominal wages under persistent inflationary conditions. Ranging from the immediate postwar years to the late 1980s, our narrative covers the history of the model, underscoring Bent Hansen’s (1951) contribution, followed by several improvements that aimed to incorporate into inflation theory several institution-specifc traits of underdeveloped economies. The diagram had a lukewarm reception in the 1960s but managed to defend its legacy until the 1980s, as the inertial inflation hypothesis gained terrain in the debate on economic stabilization in Latin America. Under the widespread diffusion of indexation practices, the model was then fully rehabilitated as a workhorse for theoretical and policy analysis in Brazil until a succesful stabilization was achieved in 1994 under the Real plan.
Institutions, Generative Processes, and Urban Order in Early Cities
Authors: Smith Michael E.
Published: April 2024

I address the question of what holds cities—particularly early cities—together. I first discuss the question of urban order, or social order in cities. Archaeologists are starting to come around to the standard answer to that question in the social sciences: urban order is created and maintained by the operation of two types of social forces: institutions (top-down forces) and generative processes (bottom-up forces). I review the changes in archaeological thinking that led from obsolete and inadequate models of social order (statism and agency) to the emerging current understanding. I discuss the concept of institutions, including a new archaeologically-useful definition, and describe five types of early urban institutions (political, economic, political economy, social, and religious). I then present three types of generative process: population/demography, self-governance, and self-coordination. I also urge archaeologists to stop using idiosyncratic definitions of concepts (like institution) that serve to isolate archaeology from wider scholarship in the social and natural sciences.
Quasi-Experimental Research and Spillover Effects on Ethereum Merge
Authors: Tsuyuguchi Takeshi , Wang Haibo
Published: April 2024

On September 15th, 2022, Ethereum transitioned from Proof of Work to Proof of Stake blockchain. The time-series Difference-in-Differences model is employed by taking the Bitcoin network as the control group while Ethereum as the treatment group to identify the effects of the protocol change. Vector AutoRegression models are used to identify the dynamic relationship between Ethereum and Bitcoin. Despite Ether's price dropping 10% initially, the daily returns and total fees in USD are not significantly different after Ethereum Merge, while trading volumes and various network factors in the Ethereum platform indicate significant differences compared to Bitcoin.
CAMELs-DEA in Assessing the Role of Major Factors in Achieving Higher Efficiency Levels: Evidence from Turkish Banks
Authors: Wang Haibo , Sua Lutfu , Dolar Burak
Published: April 2024

This study explores the efficiency of Turkish banks under unconventional central bank monetary policies, a departure from studies in developed economies using CAMEL ratings. It introduces unique inputs and outputs distinct from those used in developed contexts. A notable contribution is the integrated CAMELS ratings-based data envelopment analysis, considering both desirable and undesirable variables. This integration results in a more realistic estimation of the overall system production possibility set, surpassing assumptions made by traditional CAMELS and DEA methods. The study reveals a significant relationship between Turkish bank efficiency, size, and type, with public capital deposit banks as well as banks with the highest number of branches displaying superior performance. The results show that non-performing loans (NPL), unemployment rates, government debt, exchange rates, and inflation rates have a meaningful impact on banking efficiency. Government debt and exchange rates have an inverse relationship with efficiency while the remaining variables are positively correlated. These findings in this study underline the potential for rising inflation to trigger financial instability, especially after abrupt and unforeseen inflation spikes. This study enhances our understanding of inflation's macroeconomic implications and its impact on the banking sector.
Effizienzsteigerung in der eCPR-Etablierung: Einblicke durch Eyetracking-Technologie
Authors: Kurz Luca Michael , Eibensteiner Felix , Nern Stefan , Daniels Benedict Alan , Nuernberger Alexander , Poppe Michael , Magnet Ingrid , Ettl Florian
Published: April 2024

Studienziel Die extrakorporale kardiopulmonale Reanimation (eCPR) ist eine mittlerweile etablierte Therapieoption bei ausgewählten Patient:innen im therapierefraktären Herzkreislaufstillstand1. Hierzu wird bei laufender kardiopulmonaler Reanimation (CPR) eine venoarterielle extrakorporale Membranoxygenierung (ECMO) als Kreislaufersatz etabliert. Aktuelle Studien zeigen einen direkten Zusammenhang zwischen gutem neurologischem Outcome und einem frühen Start der eCPR2,3. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es den Ablauf der eCPR-Etablierung an unserer Klinik zu analysieren. Anhand der Ergebnisse soll der Ablauf für eine rasche Versorgung bewertet sowie zukünftig optimiert werden.
Methodik Teamleader:innen an unserer Klinik wurden bei eCPR-Alarmierungen mit Eyetracking-Brillen ausgestattet. Diese Brillen zeichnen ein Video aus der Sicht der Träger:innen auf. Anhand der angefertigten Videoaufnahmen wurden definierte Timepoints (Eintreffen der Patient:innen im notfallmedizinischen Schockraum, Punktionsbeginn, ECMO-Start) von zwei Studienmitgliedern unabhängig ausgewertet. Die resultierenden Zeiten werden als Median, sowie Quartile 1 und Quartile 3 angegeben.
Ergebnis Es wurden bisher zwölf Patient:innen in diese Studie eingeschlossen. Die Gesamtdauer von Eintreffen der Patient:innen im notfallmedizinischen Schockraum bis ECMO-Start betrug 13:59 (10:32 - 16:11) Minuten. Auf die Dauer von Eintreffen bis Punktionsbeginn entfielen 03:14 (02:42 – 03:59) Minuten, Punktionsbeginn bis ECMO-Start benötigte 11:02 (08:05 – 13:58) Minuten.
Interpretation Dies ist die erste Studie, die Zeitabläufe der innerklinischen eCPR-Etablierung anhand echter eCPR-Fälle detailliert analysiert. Die hier präsentierten Versorgungszeiten entsprechen international berichteten Daten zur eCPR-Etablierung3,4.
Unsere präliminären Ergebnisse zeigen bereits jetzt, dass die notwendigen Handlungsschritte vor Punktionsbeginn (Übergabe Rettungsdienst - innerklinisches Reanimationsteam, Umlagern, Entkleiden, Waschen, Abdecken der Patient:innen) einen erheblichen Anteil an der Versorgungszeit haben. Ziel dieser Studie ist es, durch Prozessanalyse einen optimierten Ablauf der eCPR-Etablierung zu trainieren, wodurch wir uns in Zukunft eine Effizienzsteigerung und Verkürzung der Versorgungszeiten erwarten.
Metal-Free Activated Carbon Catalytic for Degradation of Organic Contaminants by Peroxydisulfate Activation
Authors: Prawiranegara Barata Aditya , Setia Utama Panca , Amri Amun , Nurhayati  , Muhdarina  , Awaluddin Amir , Saputra Edy
Published: April 2024

Green chemistry has become trending recently, and the discovery of environmentally friendly catalysts is mandatory. Activated carbons (ACs) are one of the most environmentally friendly yet cheap materials that have the potential for catalyst application. Three commercially available ACs from Pancasari, Norit, and Chemical Supply were used as metal-free catalysts for advanced oxidation process (AOP) phenol removal in water in the presence of oxidants peroxydisulfate (PDS), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). It was found that ACs were effective to be used as catalysts for activating those oxidants to oxidize phenol in AOP reactions. In this study, the surface area of the catalyst significantly improved the phenol removal efficiency. ACs Pancasari (ACP) with the highest surface area has the best degradation performance of phenol removal with up to 99% removal efficiency in 60 minutes under the condition of [phenol] = 30 mg L-1, [ACP] = 0.2 g L-1, [PDS] = 3.3 mmol L-1, and T = 25oC. it was also found that the degradation process was significantly influenced by reaction temperature. Nevertheless, in this study, ACs display the potential as catalysts in the AOP process for wastewater treatments.
Estimates of Demand Elasticities for Rice in Nepal
Authors: Tulachan Pradeep M.
Published: April 2024

Not Available.
An Econometric Study of the Supply and Demand for Sugar in Nepal
Authors: Ghimire Aatma Ram
Published: April 2024

Not Available.
Wanprestasi oleh Koperasi Simpan Pinjam: Bagaimana Dampak Hukumnya?
Authors: Martin Brian
Published: April 2024

The development of the national economy and the changes that occur in the business environment, including the savings and loan cooperative unit, which is directed to always encourage and play an active role in increasing the income of its members in order to be able to overcome existing social inequality. Cooperatives are a joint business entity that struggles in the economic field by taking the right and steady path with the aim of freeing itself from the economic difficulties generally suffered by its members. However, in reality, this cooperative has not been maximized in controlling credit so that the ability to generate Residual Income (SHU) is still less effective and must enter the realm of court because of defaulting on its customers. Therefore, this research will analyze legal protection in the event of default by the company in this context is the Cooperative. This research is normative (legal) research. The results of this study conclude that the Cooperative Law does not specifically mention legal protection for customer funds while for customers the protection is seen in article 7 and article 8 of Government Regulation Number 33 of 1998 concerning Participation Capital in Cooperatives and the protection of customers is not regulated with certainty so that regulations are needed to resolve defaults committed by business actors of Savings and Loan Cooperatives.
SYSTEMIC CONVICTIONS: CHINA’S FUNDRAISING CRIMES AND ITS FINANCIAL SYSTEM
Authors: Sprick Daniel
Published: April 2024

Fundraising crimes are legion in China. And this is not only a criminological observation as the respective provisions of the Criminal Law can be applied in an extremely broad scope of cases, ranging from personal loans or brokering investments for small businesses to platform-based P2P lending operations. Its unclear demarcation produces legal uncertainty that has its root cause not only in vague provisions of the Criminal Law or broad legal interpretations of the judiciary, but also in the systemic function of these crimes. This paper argues that normative analyses about legal (un) certainty and regulatory necessities in the field of illegal fundraising in China need to be widened and additionally include a perspective of political expediency. The financial sector in China is highly dominated by state actors and state-owned banks, which inevitably follow policy directives and form a cornerstone of the regime’s control over the economic system. For the purpose of maintaining this status quo, it is extremely valuable to retain the possibility to criminalize a wide range of financial interactions that would circumvent the state-dominated banking system. Particularly, the crime of “Illegally Absorbing Public Savings” provides the authorities with such a device and should therefore be understood as an important foothold of China’s authoritarian legality in its capital markets. This crime is therefore positioned at the intersection of China’s Leninist notion of ubiquitous control and its market-based economy.
Vocal Alignment
Authors: Dharmoo Gabriel
Published: April 2024

The author’s conceptual model for ‘vocal alignment’ gives equal importance to both semantic interpretations of the word ‘voice.’ It seeks an alignment between the vocal sounds one’s body produces and one’s artistic, personal, social, and political voice. Parameters that lead to vocal alignment overlap the sonic or musical level, various creative choices as well as contextual, professional, financial, promotional, social, and political components related to art-making. Aligning lived experiences and creative output is challenging—the author’s path toward vocal alignment implies an inclination toward vocal, technical, and artistic flexibility, guided by social justice models, queer theory, and decolonial efforts.
In PLACE OF SHOUTING
Authors: Krucker Fides
Published: April 2024

Fides Krucker is a singer of contemporary opera who specializes in extended vocal sound. For three decades, her passion has been interdisciplinary co-creation. Extended, or ‘expanded,’ voice is an effective mode of expression and communication. It can marry with theatrical forms in multiple ways. This article dips into (1) the work of the music-driven feminist collective URGE, (2) Krucker’s history in electroacoustic opera, (3) ‘vocalography’ for choreographer Jessica Runge, and (4) devised theatre at Humber College Theatre Performance. There is practicality, purpose, and economy to non-verbals—from groan, growl, and sigh through to scream, squeal, and shriek. This palette becomes the rough material for aesthetic shaping, and the sounds—often taboo and definitely stimulating—are emotion turned inside out. They affect the listener in biologically direct ways that are surprisingly spiritual. It requires training to develop a body of performers willing and able to go to these ‘improper’ vocal places. It takes an imagination that loves and understands these sounds to create compositions based on their loamy soil. This terrain is a fertile meeting ground for theatrical impulse to marry with the structural values of musical composition: dynamics, timbre, layering, motifs, range. Physical and devised theatre are a part of the Canadian performance landscape. Could vocally driven theatre create a robust avant-garde aesthetic capable of going beyond shouting to express the urgency of our times?
Ec(h)o-Location: The Story of My Voice as I Know It
Authors: Su-Feh Lee
Published: April 2024

This article tracks the author’s journey as a Fitzmaurice Voicework practitioner, situating it in relation to their other journeys and histories: from Southeast Asia to the West Coast of Canada, from a Chinese-Malaysian growing up in a polyglot society grappling with the detritus of past colonialism to being a naturalized Canadian grappling with the tensions of current settler colonialism. It connects their practice as a performance-maker to their practice as a voice teacher.
Are Canadian Physiotherapy Graduates Ready for Private Practice? Faculty, Employer, and Recent Graduate Perspectives
Authors: Hall Mark , Bostick Geoff , Page Rebecca , Mori Brenda
Published: April 2024

Purpose:

The transition from physiotherapy student to independent practitioner is challenging. New graduates experience difficulties working in private practice as many aspects of the workflow are difficult to prepare for during their education. The purpose of our study was to explore the work readiness of Canadian new graduate physiotherapists for private practice from the perspectives of key groups.

Methods:

We administered an online questionnaire to recent Canadian physiotherapy graduates, private practice employers, and academics exploring the work readiness of new graduates related to competencies and constructs relevant to private practice.

Results:

Our findings highlight gaps in education related to the business of private practice, managing complex caseloads, diagnosis, prognosis and establishing a plan of care, and autonomy in decision-making. A shared responsibility exists for the work readiness of physiotherapy graduates. Respondents suggest at least 1 year of practice before the majority of graduates are work-ready for private practice.

Conclusion:

Physiotherapy graduates struggle with the business of working in private practice, managing complex caseloads, and autonomy in decision-making. There is a shared responsibility between academics, clinical educators, employers, and new graduates to bridge the gap between the entry-to-practice education program and meeting the expectations of the private practice work environment.
Infraestructuras verdes : guía del arbolado de la ciudad de Cartagena
Authors: Conesa Gallego Encarnación , López Teruel Ana , Martínez Belchí Mirian , Franco Leemhuis José Antonio , Martínez Sánchez Juan José
Published: April 2024

En este libro se expone el trabajo realizado durante el año 2016 en la línea de Investigación de “Infraestructuras Verdes y Paisajismo” de la Cátedra de Infraestructuras Municipales (Ayuntamiento de Cartagena-Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena) y que trata del estudio del arbolado de la ciudad de Cartagena, analizando los diversos parámetros utilizados en los criterios de selección del arbolado urbano. Consta de 2 partes, la primera hace referencia al inventario del arbolado, medidas, distribución y diversidad y la segunda parte es una guía de especies seleccionadas bien por su abundancia, rareza o singularidad.
Informática aplicada. Prácticas para aprender a programar en lenguaje C
Authors: Alcover Garau, Pedro María
Published: April 2024

El libro es un manual de guía para el alumno que se enfrenta, sólo, al aprendizaje del lenguaje de programación C. En 32 capítulos (7 de ellos de resolución de ejercicios) divididos en 3 apartados, se ofrece una presentación guiada de la programación en C. En la primera parte (5 capítulos entre los que se cuenta con una práctica de ejercitación) se ofrece una guía sencilla para aprender a manejarse en un entorno de programación, se presentan las funciones de entrada y salida de información por consola, y se desarrollan los conceptos de literal, valor, tipo de dato y variable. La segunda parte (12 capítulos entre los que se cuenta con 3 prácticas de ejercitación) se dedica a presentar el paradigma de la programación estructurada y también a explicar las estructuras de control en C: secuencialidad, bifurcación e iteración. También se explica cómo crear funciones en llamadas por valor. La tercera parte (15 capítulos entre los que se cuenta con 3 prácticas de ejercitación) se dedica a las estructuras de control. Después de un capítulo introductorio sobre punteros en C, se describe el uso de arrays unidimensionales, arrays bidimensionales y cadenas de texto. También se explica cómo crear funcionas en llamadas por referencia.
تحديات الشبكات الاجتماعية الرقمية لنظرية الثقافة السياسية الكلاسيكية
Authors: حجيج حسن
Published: April 2024

تؤدي تكنولوجيا الاتصال الرقمية دورًًا مركزيًًا في توسيع نطاق المشاركة السياسية، من خلال السماح لمعظم الفئات الاجتماعية بالتعبير عن آرائه ومواقفه من القضايا، ومن ثم المساهمة في تشكيل الثقافة السياسية المحلية أو الوطنية. ويبدو أن العناصر السياسية كلها ذات الصلة بالثقافة السياسية )التمثيل، والوساطة، والإعلام، والأحزاب، وغيرها(، تأثرت كثيرًًا بانبثاق الشبكات الاجتماعية الرقمية وعرفت تغييرات عميقة أضحت تمثل تحديات حقيقية لنظرية الثقافة السياسية الكلاسيكية. تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى استكشاف خصائص الثقافة السياسية في العصر الرقمي ومناقشة تحديات الشبكات الاجتماعية الرقمية لنظرية الثقافة السياسية الكلاسيكية.
SEXUAL SIZE DIMORPHISM IN GROUND BEETLE CARABUS EXARATUS Quensel, 1806 (COLEOPTERA, CARABIDAE)
Authors: Sukhodolskaya Raisa Anatolevna , Khomitskii Evgenii Evgen'evich , Avtaeva Tamara Andyevna , Zamotailov Aleksandr Sergeevich
Published: April 2024

Sexual Size Dimorphism (SSD) is considered to be the indicator of environmental quality. Peculiarites of its variation reflect trends in traits evolution. We estimated the values of SSD in populations from two distanced regions of Russia – Chechnya and Krasnodarskiy Province. In total those values did not differ, but SSD was higher in elytra and pronotum parameters in beetles from Chechnya and lower – by head parameters. Advancing research in this direction promises to unravel the ecological processes that structure soil biodiversity and to predict the impacts of global change on terrestrial ecosystems.
ANALYSIS OF METHODS OF INERTISATION OF CARGO TANKS GAS CARRIERS
Authors: Сагін С.В. , Матєйко О.В.
Published: April 2024

В теперішній час кількість суден, що здійснюють перевезення зрідженого газу постійно зростає. Це пов’язано з енергетичною залежністю ряду країн (насамперед Європи, Канади, Китаю та Японії) та неможливістю постачання до них газового палива континентальними трубопроводами. Виробнича послідовність отримання вантажу (зрідженого газу) в порту завантаження – транспортування вантажу морськими чи океанським шляхами – вивантаження вантажу в порту доставки, завершується обов’язковою технологічною операцією з зачистки танків і вільних порожніх просторів. Як правило, вона виконується за схемою інертизація – дегазація – повторна інертизація – очищення. В зв’язку з тим, що після вивантаження судна-газовози здійснюють зворотні переходи в баласті, якість проведення операцій з зачистки танків після вивантаження набуває вкрай важливе значення, через те, що саме від її виконання залежить вибухобезпечність вантажних танків та, отже, безпека судна, суднового екіпажу та довкілля
ANALYSIS OF APPLICATION EFFICIENCY REGENERATIVE HEAT EXCHANGER IN A SHIP THE REFRIGERATOR OF THE PROVISIONAL CHAMBER AT HER CONVERTED FROM R404A TO R407F REFRIGERANT
Authors: Огурцов Д.В. , Козьміних М.А., , Хлієва О.Я.
Published: April 2024

Суднові парокомпресійні холодильні машини споживають суттєву кількість електроенергії, що виробляється на судні. Підвищення їх енергетичної ефективності є пріоритетним напрямком. Ще однією проблемою, яка постає сьогодні перед виробниками суднової холодильної техніки – це переведення її на холодоагенти з низьким потенціалом глобального потеплення. Зрозуміло, що питання переводу суднових холодильних машин на альтернативні холодоагенти та впровадження технічних рішень з підвищення їх енергетичної ефективності потрібно вирішувати одночасно.
TECHNOLOGY FOR THE RESTORATION OF DIESEL CRANKSHAFTS WITH THE STRENGTHENING OF NECKS
Authors: Lebedev B. , Uminsky S. , Korolkova M. , Melnik A.
Published: April 2024

Formulation of the problem. The resource of a marine diesel engine before overhaul depends mainly on the state of the crank mechanism, and the crankshaft is the main link in this mechanism. Crankshafts are among the most critical parts of engines and are operated under conditions of variable loads. Shaft journals are subject to sliding friction at high speeds and high specific pressures. The crankshaft is one of the most important expensive engine parts (its cost is more than 10% of the cost of the entire engine) - to a large extent determines its resource [1-3]. During the operation of such complex and expensive units as internal combustion engines, sudden failures occur, which are caused by parts with defects that require replacement or restoration, and in most cases the necessary technologies for this are not available.
АSSЕSSMЕNT ОF THЕ THЕRMАL АND STRЕSS-STRАIN STАTЕ ОF CYLINDRICАL SURFАCЕS ОF SHIP PАRTS WITH WЕАR-RЕSISTАNT CОАTINGS
Authors: Zhuravlov Yu.I. , Kostyuchenko Ye.F. , Povar A.I.
Published: April 2024

Pаrts оf thе ship's tеchnicаl mеаns (STM) in thе prоcеss оf its оpеrаtiоn wеаr оut, аs а rеsult оf which thеir sizеs аnd shаpеs chаngе. Whеn pаrts rеаch а criticаl stаtе, fаilurе оccurs аnd rеpаirs аrе rеquirеd tо rеstоrе thеir pеrfоrmаncе. Thе nееd fоr rеpаir mаy аlsо аrisе duе tо а suddеn fаilurе cаusеd by jаmming оf mоving jоints, jаmming оf thе shuttеr, brеаkаgе оf drivе pаrts, еquipmеnt, аnd sо оn. Pаrts оf STM cаn bе subjеctеd tо vаriоus typеs оf wеаr. Thе tаsk оf thе rеsеаrch will bе tо dеtеrminе thе wеаkеst pоints оf thе ship's tеchnicаl еquipmеnt, in pаrticulаr, thе cоnnеctiоns оf thе pаrts "shаft-sliding bеаring" fоr thеir quick dеtеctiоn during thе incоming inspеctiоn. It is аlsо impоrtаnt tо cоmpаrе thе critеriоn dеpеndеnciеs оf thе gаp fоr twо diffеrеnt typеs оf fittings.