bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Theme of Purification in Milton's “Sonnet XXIII”
Authors: Fiske Dixon
Published: May 2022

The controversy over the dating, subject, and meaning of Milton's Sonnet XXIII can be resolved in the context of Milton's ideas of purification. Purification is a major theme in the sonnet, and the key to Milton's use of it is to be found in the background of the sonnet's second simile. Milton's allusion there to the rites of purification under the old law is part of a thematic pattern in which the poet progressively refers to pagan, Jewish, and Christian images of purification. The progression of these images of the dead wife returning in a dream dramatizes a purification of the dreamer's love. But the love cannot be wholly purified in this world, as suggested by the veil on the wife's face and the dreamer's inevitable awakening into darkness. This interpretation supports the traditional belief that the sonnet is to be dated after the death of Milton's second wife, Katherine Woodcock.
Recalcitrance, Damnation, and the Justice of God in “Paradise Lost”
Authors: Hamlet Desmond M.
Published: May 2022

The persistent notion of a dichotomy in Paradise Lost between the narrative idea and the affective dimension of the poetry—based on Milton's supposed subconscious repudiation of basic Christian doctrine—misrepresents both the poet's understanding of the nonsentimental character of the divine love and his complex portrayal of the essentially creative and restorative nature of divine justice. In Paradise Lost, God's justice is an indispensable instrument of the divine restorative processes of the poem's world, whose continuous aim is to induce from the creature a truly creative response to the divine ways. It is the dramatic fulfillment of precisely this objective which is enacted, throughout the poem, in the dynamic relationship between the merciful Father and the creatively responsive Son. Satan, through the willful perversion of his God-given capacities for creative conduct, functions parodically—and so, indirectly—to confirm the poem's total, positive, moral pattern. Through his increasingly distorted career in the poem, Satan effectively exemplifies both the crippling inadequacies of all recalcitrant behavior and the inevitable process of a self-imposed damnation which accompanies an obdurate and tyrannical abuse of others.
THE NON-NARRATIVE APPROACHES TO “PARADISE LOST": A GENTLE REMONSTRANCE
Authors: Weber Burton J.
Published: May 2022

The critics who have attacked the traditional narrative approach to Paradise Lost have not provided satisfactory accounts of the poem. The mythic critics have argued that recurrent symbols provide the poem's structure, and Stanley Fish, the primary exponent of the rhetorical approach, has claimed that the poem is a Platonic dialogue in which the poet deliberately misleads and then corrects the reader. The strained readings and arbitrary assertions of these critics render the hypotheses unlikely. Furthermore, the structures proposed by the mythic critics are loose ones, and the poetic strategy outlined by Fish produces an emotionally arid reading; the mythic critics distort the poem's outline and Fish misrepresents its emotive effects. The non-narrative critics offer structural and thematic objections to the narrative view; but Milton's handling of his materials accords with Aristotelian principles, and Milton can achieve his stated didactic ends by narrative means.
Milton on Women—Yet Once More
Authors: Lewalski Barbara K.
Published: May 2022

Responding to a feminist study of Paradise Lost in terms of sociological role definitions, this article asserts the limitations of such analyses in assessing the true complexity of Milton's literary treatment of women, and the universality of the poem's concerns. Far from being relegated to an exclusively or primarily domestic role, Milton's Eve participates fully in the entire range of prelapsarian human activities–education, working in and sharing responsibility for the human environment (the garden), discussing and analyzing new experience, exercising her powers of symbolization in naming the plants, composing love poetry and divine praises. Milton's portrayal of the first marriage reflects his abiding belief (articulated emphatically in his divorce tracts) that the prime end of marriage as defined in the Genesis story is human companionship, not progeny or the relief of lust. Most important, despite his acceptance of the commonplace of Eve's inferiority to Adam in the natural hierarchy, Milton structured the temptation episode to manifest that she, like the Lady in Comus, was “sufficient to have stood.” What is profound and enduring in Milton's treatment of the first man and woman is his recognition, on the one hand, of the capacity and responsibility of each to make crucial individual decisions defining his or her life, and on the other, of the depth and intensity of their need for each other to give that life human shape and to make it endurable.
Landscape in the Transcendent Masque
Authors: Kohn Terry Kidner
Published: May 2022

Comus transcends all other masques in its artistry and in the permanence of its moral fable. The treatment of landscape contributes both to Milton's artistic integration of traditional masque elements and to the philosophical content of Comus. There are three planes of landscape in Milton's masque. The Wood functions symbolically as a metaphor for earthly existence. Neptune and Sabrina inhabit mythological landscapes possessing both symbolic and realistic qualities. Most complex in function is the natural, realistic landscape, the plane on which the story unfolds. While conventional masque scenery “discovered” the masquers in a purely mechanical way, Milton gives to his natural setting an intensified reality that illuminates theme and discovers identity in a deeper sense. The characters reveal themselves through their reactions to the landscape, and these responses support and clarify the masque's central concerns of temperance, the power of virtue, and the proper attitude toward nature. The “happy climes” of the epilogue transfigure the vistas of earth and climax the movement of physical and mental expansion precipitated by the triumph of virtue in the Wood. In Comus, Milton gives to landscape a degree of prominence and a richness of meaning surpassed only by the landscapes of Paradise Lost.
Bøndene og dyrevelferdsforvaltningen: En flermetodisk studie av husdyrprodusenters erfaringer
Authors: Gezelius Stig S. , Storstad Oddveig , Veggeland Frode
Published: May 2022

Hvilke oppfatninger og holdninger har husdyrprodusenter til dyrevelferd, lovverk og tilsyn? Vi besvarer spørsmålet ved hjelp av data fra kvalitative intervjuer og en omfattende spørreundersøkelse blant norske husdyrprodusenter. Dataene viser at styringssystemet og dyrevelferdslovens formål har gjennomgående støtte i næringen. Å følge lovverket anses i stor grad som en moralsk plikt blant produsentene. Produsentene aksepterer tilsyn og mener Mattilsynet fyller en nødvendig oppgave. De opplever at inspektører flest opptrer på en akseptabel måte. De fleste produsentene har betydelig grad av tillit til Mattilsynet som etat. Samtidig finnes varierende oppfatninger av hva god dyrevelferd er, og negative opplevelser av tilsynet er ikke uvanlige. Tilsynets maktbruk oppleves i en del tilfeller som uforholdsmessig og lite enhetlig. God mellommenneskelig samhandling ved stedlig tilsyn fremstår som en nøkkel til en god relasjon mellom næring og tilsyn. Dataene understøtter argumentet om at veiledning kan spille en viktig rolle i effektiv iverksetting av lovverket.
Det formålsorienterte tilsynet: Hvordan fremmer inspektører dyrevelferd?
Authors: Gezelius Stig S.
Published: May 2022

Hva karakteriserer arbeidsmåten til inspektører som lykkes med å fremme lovens formål? Basert på kvalitative intervjuer, feltobservasjoner og gjennomgang av tidligere forskning, sammenfatter jeg et svar i begrepet om et formålsorientert tilsyn, det vil si et tilsyn der lovens formål styrer henholdsvis lovanvendelsen, virkemiddelbruken og kommunikasjonsformen. Dette tilsynet kjennetegnes av beslutninger basert på konsekvensanalyse. Begrepet inkluderer innsikter fra flere toneangivende teorier innen tilsynsforskning. Prinsippet om formålsorientering foreskriver en praktisk orientert tilnærming, og er i noen henseende ekvivalent med forholdsmessighetsprinsippet i forvaltningsretten. Det formålsorienterte tilsynet kontrasteres med et formalistisk tilsyn, som kjennetegnes av fokus på reglenes formelle struktur fremfor reglenes formål. Inspektører som driver et formålsorientert tilsyn, møter typisk større respekt og samarbeidsvilje i næringen enn de som driver et formalistisk tilsyn. Et formålsorientert tilsyn fordrer at inspektøren har tilgang til et bredt spekter av tilnærmingsmåter, samt kompetanse til å velge hensiktsmessig tilnærming i hvert enkelt tilfelle.
ON A SEMANTIC THEORY OF ORDINARY LANGUAGE (RESPONSE TO OPPONENTS)
Authors: Ладов Всеволод Адольфович
Published: May 2022

Статья представляет собой заключительную реплику в дискуссии, посвященной вопросам, связанным с построением семантической теории естественного языка. Возможна ли семантическая теория естественного языка? Какой вид должна иметь данная теория? Возможно ли возрождение семантического платонизма Г. Фреге в современной аналитической философии? Может ли лингвистический платонизм Д. Катца претендовать на статус семантической теории естественного языка? Является ли концепция «значение как употребление» позднего Л. Витгенштейна семантической теорией? Участники дискуссии попытались ответить на эти вопросы. Автор данной статьи дает краткое резюме представленных в дискуссии позиций и подводит итоги состоявшегося обсуждения.

This article is the final remark in the discussion on issues related to the construction of a semantic theory of ordinary language. Is a semantic theory of ordinary language possible? What form should this theory take? Is it possible to revive Gottlob Frege’s semantics in modern analytic philosophy? Can Jerrold Katz’s linguistic Platonism claim the status of a semantic theory of ordinary language? Is the concept “meaning as use” of the later Ludwig Wittgenstein a semantic theory? The participants of the discussion tried to answer these questions. The author of this article gives a brief summary of the positions presented in the discussion and draws general conclusions.
Ten years of book reviews in Island Studies Journal
Authors: Royle Stephen A.
Published: May 2022

This brief and commissioned paper reviews ten years of book reviews that have been published in Island Studies Journal (2006-2015). The paper discusses numbers and types of reviews, the nationality of the reviewers, the spatial, thematic and/or disciplinary focus of the books reviewed, using these observations to make critical comments on Island Studies Journal.
Urban-touristic impacts on the aeolian sedimentary systems of the Canary Islands: conflict between development and conservation
Authors: García-Romero Leví , Hernández-Cordero Antonio I. , Fernández-Cabrera Elisabeth , Peña-Alonso Carolina , Hernández-Calvento Luis , Pérez-Chacón Emma
Published: May 2022

Aeolian sedimentary systems in the Canary Islands differ from other European and African systems due to climate, vegetation and isolation. In turn, they experience high human pressure from touristic development. This paper analyzes the impact of urban-touristic development in four aeolian sedimentary systems in the Canaries: Maspalomas, Corralejo, Lambra and Jable Sur. Spatial and surface change variables related to vegetation and geomorphology are obtained by photo-interpretation of historical aerial photography and current orthophotos. Results indicate that systems affected by urban-touristic development have witnessed significant environmental change. In contrast, the systems not impacted by building and construction of infrastructure show minor changes.
Sustainable development? Salmon aquaculture and late modernity in the archipelago of Chiloé, Chile
Authors: Barton Jonathan R. , Román Álvaro
Published: May 2022

Chiloé is an archipelago that has, since the 1980s, become one of the motors of the Chilean economy. Salmon aquaculture swiftly transformed the tradition of isolation and poverty that had defined the local identity and livelihoods. This is now changing due to the rapid experience of modernity. This modernity is driven by transnational capital and largescale state intervention in the promotion of salmon aquaculture and its current central role in defining development in the islands. While this sector has generated private and public employment and infrastructure, there has also been an important shift in the expectations and aspirations of the local population, towards increased hybridization and also a mercantilization of island culture. The success of salmon production reveals that the conditions of isolation can be transformed, and even benefits reaped from integration into the modern world–globalised, capitalist and rational, rather than traditional– however it also entails risks for the sustainability of fragile socio-ecological systems, including the existence of traditional and alternative livelihoods.
Crowdfunding, una solución de financiamiento alternativo para el sistema de emprendimiento e innovación. Análisis de las implicaciones tributarias en el Ecuador
Authors: Guamán Aguiar Stalin O. , Saltos Zúñiga Patricia E.
Published: May 2022

Durante décadas, tanto el sistema financiero como el sistema bursátil han sido los mecanismos de financiamiento convencionales para quienes han querido emprender o garantizar su inversión. No obstante, estos sectores han impuesto sus regulaciones limitando, en muchos casos, su accesibilidad. Es así que, surge un mecanismo de financiamiento alternativo conocido como crowdfunding (CF)[1]; una vía que ha permitido, especialmente, llevar a cabo proyectos de donación e inversión. El crowdfunding ha experimentado un fuerte crecimiento a nivel mundial; sin embargo, en el Ecuador es totalmente nuevo; a partir de la creación de la Ley Orgánica de Emprendimiento e Innovación y su Reglamento en el 2020 se permite la institución de plataformas de fondos colaborativos o –crowdfunding– debidamente reguladas y acreditadas; No obstante, por su reciente implementación, su impacto no ha podido ser evaluado El presente artículo pretende analizar los beneficios y riesgos inherentes por el uso del crowdfunding y las implicaciones tributarias para los promotores e inversores; y, la eficacia de este mecanismo de financiamiento con la finalidad de garantizar la sostenibilidad del sistema de emprendimiento e innovación para microempresas y PYMES[2] en el Ecuador a través de una revisión y análisis pormenorizado de la legislación ecuatoriana.

 

[1] Crowdfunding. CF, en adelante nos referiremos al crowdfunding con las siglas CF.

[2] PYMES. Pequeñas y medianas empresas en cuanto al volumen de ingresos, patrimonio y número de empleados.
Wpływ zmian cen ropy naftowej i paliw na koszty eksploatacji ciągników rolniczych
Authors: Klimek Kamila , Ścibura Marcin
Published: May 2022

Oceniono wzrost kosztów jednostkowych eksploatacji wybranej grupy ciągników w zależności od wzrostu cen ropy naftowej na rynkach światowych i kursu dolara w latach 2003–2009. W analizie uwzględniono ciągniki różnej mocy oraz ceny oleju napędowego w Polsce. Dodatkowym czynnikiem był wahający się średni kurs dolara i euro, który ma pośredni wpływ na cenę ropy. Z dokonanej analizy wynika, że wzrastające ceny oleju napędowego bezpośrednio wpływały na wzrost kosztów eksploatacji grupy ciągników, których koszt eksploatacji rósł równomiernie ze wzrostem cen oleju napędowego w latach 2003/4 i 2005 natomiast zmalał w latach 2006 i 2007 pomimo wzrostu cen oleju napędowego w tym okresie.
Grounding of parameters of filtering element for vegetative oil refinement
Authors: Kovalyshyn Stepan , Opanashchuk Petro
Published: May 2022

The research aims to improve oil quality by grounding parameters of the filtering element used in their refinement from various admixtures. The research included cold pressing of rape and flax oils on the screw press with activated supply of seeds. The quality of technological process of vegetative oil refinements may be improved by appropriate choice of filtering elements of adequate size parameters. Grounding of the cellule size of filters for admixture extraction from vegetative oils after their cold pressing depends much on the admixture load. For the research rape and flax oils, the main portion of admixtures should be 2–5 μm. To extract the admixtures efficiently, the filtering element with the cellule sized less than 2 μm should be applied and only then the qualitative parameters set by standards for food oils can be obtained.
Znaczenie środowiska badań porównawczych mikroklimatu na przykładzie kształtowania się wilgotności względnej powietrza przy tuczeniu odmiennymi konsystencjami pasz
Authors: Żelazny Henryk
Published: May 2022

Celem badań o charakterze metodologicznym była analiza możliwości wykonania oceny porównawczej kształtowania się wilgotności względnej powietrza wewnętrznego pod wpływem odmiennych konsystencji pożywienia, przy dwóch czynnikach zakłócających, to znaczy w budynkach znajdujących się w różnych rejonach Polski i dla pomiarów niewykonywanych w tym samym czasie. Parametry cieplno-wilgotnościowe powietrza mierzono w wybrane dni trzech miesięcy wiosennych oraz jesiennych w grupie pomieszczeń, w których zwierzętom podawano suchą paszę do karmników, oraz w pomieszczeniach z rurociągami transportującymi płynną paszę do koryt. Temperatura i wilgotność względna powietrza w każdej grupie wyraźnie uzależnione były od klimatu zewnętrznego, dlatego ocena oddziaływania konsystencji paszy na warunki wilgotnościowe w badanych grupach pomieszczeń nie była możliwa. Uzyskane wyniki potwierdziły bardzo istotny wpływ środowiska badań na rzetelność charakterystyki porównawczej zróżnicowania mikroklimatu w różnych budynkach inwentarskich.
Techniczne, technologiczne i zdrowotne aspekty wędzenia mięsa
Authors: Bagnowska Anna , Mostowski Radosław , Trzęsowska Anna , Krala Lucjan
Published: May 2022

Głównymi czynnikami decydującymi o właściwościach wędzonych produktów są sposób i warunki wytwarzania dymu oraz gatunek użytego drewna. Najczęściej do wytwarzania dymu wykorzystuje się drewno lub zrębki twardych drzew liściastych. Dym może być wytwarzany przez powolne, kontrolowane spalanie (piroliza) lub tarcie drewna o określonej wilgotności. Proces wędzenia prowadzi się w różnych temperaturach, przy różnej gęstości dymu i cyrkulacji powietrza w komorze wędzarniczej. Niewłaściwe warunki wędzenia, a zwłaszcza wytwarzania dymu wędzarniczego, mogą sprzyjać nadmiernej kumulacji w wędzonych produktach wielopierścieniowych węglowodorów aromatycznych (WWA), spośród których 16 jest uznanych za niebezpieczne dla zdrowia, potencjalnie rakotwórcze. Zagrożenie takie jest wyeliminowane, jeżeli zamiast tradycyjnego sposobu wędzenia stosuje się płynne preparaty dymu wędzarniczego, uzyskiwane przez usunięcie z kondensatu dymu szkodliwych WWA oraz substancji smolistych. Preparaty takie spełniają wszystkie funkcje tradycyjnego dymu wędzarniczego, to jest tworzą charakterystyczną, delikatną barwę wędzonego produktu, nadają aromat oraz działają bakteriobójczo i antyoksydacyjnie, przyczyniając się do przedłużenia okresu trwałości.
Charakterystyka morfometryczna systemów korzeniowych jęczmienia nago i okrytoziarnistego z zastosowaniem analizy obrazu
Authors: Sadowska Urszula , Głąb Tomasz
Published: May 2022

Celem podjętych badań było określenie zakresu zmienności cech morfometrycznych systemu korzeniowego wybranych odmian jęczmienia jarego. Do badań wykorzystano odmianę jęczmienia nagoziarnistego o nazwie Rastik, dwie odmiany jęczmienia nagoziarnistego (43302 i 41267) uprawianego dawniej w Polsce oraz tradycyjną odmianę jęczmienia oplewionego Bies. Materiał do badań pochodził z doświadczenia polowego. Korzenie zostały pobrane metodą świdrową i wypłukane w półautomatycznej, hydropneumatycznej płuczce, a następnie ręcznie rozdzielane i skanowane. Analizę obrazu przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem programu komputerowego Aphelion. Obliczono wskaźniki morfometryczne takie jak sucha masa korzeni (RDM), gęstość długości korzeni (RLD), specyficzna długość korzeni (SRL), średnia średnica korzeni (MD). Na podstawie uzyskanych wyników badań stwierdzono występowanie najdłuższych i najcieńszych korzeni u prymitywnej odmiany orkisz 43302, natomiast orkisz 41267 wyróżniał się od pozostałych odmian znacznie mniejszym zagęszczeniem korzeni w badanych poziomach, przy podobnej masie. Odmiana oplewiona Bies wytwarzała korzenie najgrubsze, a zarazem najkrótsze, natomiast nagoziarnisty Rastik odznaczał się największym zagęszczeniem korzeni w badanej objętości.
Zróżnicowanie zasobów mocy w gospodarstwach rodzinnych
Authors: Wasąg Zbigniew
Published: May 2022

W pracy przedstawiono zróżnicowanie zasobów oraz dynamiki zmian mocy w gospodarstwach rodzinnych w latach 2004–2009. Przeanalizowano 70 gospodarstw rolnych pod względem kwoty pomocy, powierzchni UR, wielkości ekonomicznej i dochodu przedsiębiorstwa. Podstawowym źródłem mocy w badanych gospodarstwach były ciągniki rolnicze. Poziom mocy zainstalowanej dwukrotnie wzrósł w gospodarstwach mniejszych obszarowo, do 10 ha UR i tendencja ta utrzymała się dla gospodarstw o najmniejszej żywotności ekonomicznej oraz niskim poziomie dochodu przedsiębiorstwa. Zasoby mocy malały wraz ze wzrostem powierzchni gospodarstw rolnych, ale najwyższą dynamikę zmian odnotowano w gospodarstwach najmniejszych (< 10 ha UR).
Analiza jakości kiszonek z wysłodków buraczanych sporządzonych przy użyciu prasy zwijającej do materiałów rozdrobnionych
Authors: Dulcet Edmund , Doroszewski Piotr , Kaszkowiak Jerzy , Borowski Sylwester , Rama Roksana , Bujaczek Robert , Chojnacki Jerzy
Published: May 2022

Przedstawiono budowę i zasadę działania innowacyjnej prasy do formowania bel cylindrycznych norweskiej firmy Orkel (model MP 2000 Compactor). Dokonano oceny jakości uzyskanej kiszonki z wysłodków buraczanych sporządzonych przy użyciu tej prasy. Analizowane kiszonki uzyskały w skali Fliega-Zimmera najwyższą ocenę bardzo dobrą, co odpowiada jakości kiszonki formowanej w długich rękawach foliowych. Stwierdzono, że na rynku krajowym brak jest tego typu maszyny dla cukrowni bądź plantatorów buraka cukrowego, posiadających fermy krów mlecznych lub bydła opasowego.
Efektywność pozyskiwania soku z warzyw korzeniowych w zależności od stopnia rozdrobnienia miazgi i prędkości tłoczenia
Authors: Strzałkowska Katarzyna , Nadulski Rafał , Wróblewska-Barwińska Katarzyna
Published: May 2022

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań wpływu prędkości tłoka i stopnia rozdrobnienia miazg warzywnych na wydajność i energochłonność tłoczenia. Badania prowadzono na korzeniach marchwi, selera i buraka ćwikłowego. Stwierdzono, że wydajność procesu zależy od rodzaju surowca, stopnia rozdrobnienia miazgi i prędkości tłoka, natomiast na energochłonność wpływa rodzaj surowca i stopień jego rozdrobnienia.
Uwarunkowania technologiczne i techniczne produkcji lodów spożywczych
Authors: Kobyłko Ewelina
Published: May 2022

Przedmiotem analizy była technologia i wyposażenie wykorzystywane w produkcji lodów spożywczych oraz przedstawienie rozwoju wiedzy dotyczącej procesu produkcyjnego. Dokonano charakterystyki kolejnych etapów projektowania produktu, rozpatrując bazę surowcową oraz poszczególne etapy procesu jego wytwarzania. Przeanalizowano czynniki warunkujące odpowiednią konsystencję, smak, lepkość, trwałość i spowolnienie procesu topnienia lodów. Ponadto oceniono maszyny i linie produkcyjne wykorzystywane w produkcji lodów. Wykazano, że optymalizowanie procesów produkcyjnych oraz znajomość uwarunkowań technologicznych w znaczący sposób wpływa na jakość produktu finalnego. Obecne badania w obszarze produkcji lodów spożywczych wiążą się z projektowaniem nowoczesnych linii produkcyjnych, usprawnieniem procesów oraz wprowadzaniem na rynek produktów o finezyjnych kształtach.
Uwarunkowania technicznej modernizacji gospodarstw rolnych w południowej Polsce
Authors: Tomczyk Agnieszka
Published: May 2022

Celem przeprowadzonych badań była analiza inwestycji technicznych przeprowadzonych w latach 2007–2013 w gospodarstwach rolnych. Badania, w formie wywiadu kierowanego, zostały przeprowadzone w 30 gospodarstwach rolnych na terenie woj. małopolskiego. Określono wartość inwestycji, źródło finansowania oraz wskaźnik odnowienia parku maszynowego. Głównym źródłem kapitału na inwestycje były środki własne właściciela gospodarstwa. W badanym okresie 62% gospodarstw modernizowało zaplecze techniczne, 30% w niewielkim stopniu odnowiło park maszynowy, natomiast 20% posiada nowoczesny park maszynowy.
Plants supporting the treatment of cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Kubik Barbara , Stachurska-Swakoń Alina
Published: May 2022

Choroby układu sercowo-naczyniowego należą do grupy chorób cywilizacyjnych odpowiedzialnych za główną część zgonów na świecie. W leczeniu i zapobieganiu tym chorobom stosuje się liczne leki i preparaty, w tym zawierające substancje roślinne, po które szczególnie chętnie sięgają pacjenci we wczesnych stanach chorobowych. Na rynku obecnych jest wiele preparatów roślinnych dostępnych bez recepty. Celem opracowania było sporządzenie wykazu systematycznego roślin, które są stosowane powszechnie przez pacjentów przy leczeniu i suplementacji różnych schorzeń związanych z układem krwionośnym. Na podstawie 100 preparatów dostępnych w aptekach lub sklepach zielarskich bez recepty w Polsce sporządzono wykaz gatunków roślin, które scharakteryzowano pod kątem ich pochodzenia, rodzaju surowca zielarskiego, składów chemicznych i właściwości leczniczych wykorzystywanych w chorobach krążenia. Sporządzony wykaz systematyczny obejmuje 65 gatunków, głównie roślin naczyniowych. Najbardziej powszechnym surowcem stosowanym w preparatach dostępnych na rynku jest Crataegus sp., Aesculus hippocastanum oraz Ruscus aculeatus. Większość odnotowanych tu roślin wykazuje działanie wazoprotekcyjne (np. Ginkgo biloba, Ophiogon japonicus, Ruscus aculeatus, Ribes nigrum), obniża ciśnienie tętnicze krwi (np. Aronia melanocarpa, Fucus vesiculosus, Passiflora incarnata), działa rozkurczająco (np. Leonurus cardiaca, Polygonum aviculare). Lista systematyczna obejmuje 23 gatunki roślin rodzimych dla Europy środkowej, natomiast substancje roślinne otrzymywane z 20 gatunków sprowadzane są różnych obszarów świata.
Roses and hawthorns in an urban area: a case study of Gorzów Wielkopolski in Poland (NW Poland)
Authors: Sołtys-Lelek Anna , Gruszka Wojciech
Published: May 2022

This paper presents the distribution of species of the genera Crataegus and Rosa in Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland. Based on literature data and field research, 25 taxa were found to occur here, comprising 11 hawthorn species and 14 rose taxa. Among the taxa of hawthorns, 6 were native taxa belonging to 2 subseries Erianthae and Crataegus, and 5 were classified as cultivated ornamental taxa. Among the taxa of genus Rosa L., there were 10 native species (including 2 native hybrid forms at the rank of species), 2 anthropophytes, 1 cultivated species, and 1 hybrid form. Among those identified, as many as 13 taxa were new to the flora of Gorzów Wielkopolski. These were Crataegus ×macrocarpa, C. ×subsphaericea, C. ×media, Rosa dumalis, R. villosa, R. sherardii, R. tomentosa, R. inodora, R. jundzillii, R. ×subcanina, R. ×subcollina, the old, cultivated variety R. ×francofourtana, and an interspecific hybrid Rosa canina × R. rubiginosa. The occurrence of Rosa jundzillii, a species rare in Poland and not previously reported in the Gorzów Upland, was noted during the study. The following varieties of roses that are rare in Poland were also found: R. dumalis var. acharii, R. dumalis var. caballicensis, R. canina var. andegavensis, and R. canina var. deseglisei. This study showed that although the city area is strongly transformed by man, there is a high diversity of taxa of the studied genera.
Rare and endangered vascular plant species of Malе Opillya (Lviv region, Ukraine)
Authors: Tasenkevich Lidia , Seniv Marya , Skrypec Khrystyna
Published: May 2022

Male Opillya (586 km2) is a small part of the Volhyn-Podillya Uplands, located southeast of Lviv and is characterised by the presence of various forms of landscapes, which led to the diversity of its phytobiota. Although located in the neighborhood of Lviv – one of the botanical centers, it was overlooked by botanists in the 19th and 20th centuries. The aim of the study, results of which are presented, was to determine composition of rare and endangered species of Male Opillya’s flora. The article provides a list of these species according to their conservation status defined by the Red book of Ukraine, the list of regionally rare species in Lviv region, the IUCN list, the CITES Appendix №2, and the Bern Convention. Based on the conducted analyses, it can be concluded that 143 species of flora in Male Opillya may disappear due to increasing anthropopressure.
Resistance of mosses to drying, measured by the intensity of gas exchange and the content of malate and citrate
Authors: Rzepka Andrzej , Szarek Wioleta
Published: May 2022

Desiccation tolerance, the ability to lose virtually all of its free intracellular water and then restore normal function when rehydrated, is one of the most remarkable features of bryophytes. The aim of the study was to determine the resistance of two species of Plagiomnium undulatum (Hedw.) T.J.Kop. and Polytrichum commune Hedw. on drying to 50% relative water content of the air and rehydration. Changes in the intensity of photosynthesis and respiration as well as the content of malate and citrate in leafy moss stems were analysed. P. commune gametophores showed greater resistance to drought stress than P. undulatum. In both species, photosynthesis was much more sensitive to drought than respiration. Changes in the content of malate and citrate indicated a high plasticity of moss metabolism in conditions of water shortage and may be one of many important elements of the adaptation strategy to water deficit. The reactions of the tested mosses to dehydration and rehydration confirmed their adaptation to specific land conditions.
CATÁSTROFE PERSONAL Y COLECTIVA EN DOS NOVELAS SOBRE LA CRISIS ARGENTINA DE 2001: EL GRITO DE FLORENCIA ABBATE Y LA INTEMPERIE DE GABRIELA MASSUH
Authors: Salva José Fernando
Published: May 2022

This article analyzes two Argentine novels that dialogue with the events of the economic, political and cultural Crisis of December 2001 in Argentina: El grito (2004) by Florencia Abbate and La intemperie (2008) by Gabriela Massuh. This work focuses on how these texts narratively construct the social and the intimate, the public and the private, based on the figure of the catastrophe. In this sense, I propose to read these novels as a correlation between personal and collective catastrophe. Finally, I am interested in observing, in terms of writing, some political and formal differences that these novels present.
MASCULINIDAD Y PERTENENCIA EN THE BROTHERS SIZE DE TARELL ALVIN MCCRANEY
Authors: Valencia Jesús
Published: May 2022

This article explores notions of masculinity and belonging in Tarell Alvin McCraney’s The Brothers Size. McCraney creates complex characters that problematize collectivist notions of African American identity. Through a raw theater style, syncretic blendings and great linguistic musicality, The Brothers Size interrogates African American masculinity by contrasting the intimate lives of the characters with ideas, patterns and expectations that reduce Black, male existence to racial discourses and conflicts. His dramaturgy rethinks the Black, male character by furthering individuality, interaction and difference.
Análisis de la dimensión productiva del Proceso de Reintegración en Colombia
Authors: Álvarez-Ríos Jorge Norvey , Gallego-González Jaime Eduardo , Medrano-Benavides José Luis , Abendaño-Beltrán Camilo Andrés
Published: May 2022

Colombia has opted for a reintegration process that seeks a stable and lasting peace. For this reason, it has created a public policy that includes different components. Among them, the productive dimension. The objective of this article is to describe the contribution of the productive dimension to the reintegration process of ex-combatants according to secondary sources. For this purpose, a systematic review was carried out, including scientific articles and public documentation derived from the reintegration process. The productive dimension is also analyzed from the point of view of the opportunities of the economic context, the responsibility of the private sector, labor linkage, and productive environment models. The dynamics of the reintegration process oriented to the productive and economic dimension contribute to peace building through the generation of employment opportunities, business strengthening, and the generation of sustainable income by ex-combatants.
El discurso y las situaciones de interlocución
Authors: Charaudeau Patrick
Published: May 2022

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Oralidad y escritura en las comunicaciones por correo electrónico en hablantes de español bonaerense
Authors: De- Matteis Lorena M. A.
Published: May 2022

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Los elementos no verbales en los textos literarios: oralidad inherente y presencia explícita e implícita.
Authors: Poyatos Fernando
Published: May 2022

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Morphometric anlaysis of mandibular coronoid, condyle and sigmoid shape using panoromic view for personal identification in south Indian population
Authors: Manoj Manpreet , Mathew Leeba , Natarajan Srikant , Yellapurkar Shweta , Shetty Shravan , Denny Ceena , Dahal Samarika
Published: May 2022

Objective

The shape of the condyle, coronoid, and the intervening sigmoid notch is unique due to attachments and direction of pull of temporalis muscle, different chewing habits, hormones, etc. So morphometric variation of these mandibular landmarks can be used in individual identification.

Material And Methods

The study was carried out on 500 panoramic view images. Visual tracing assisted assessment of thousand sides (left and right) was done. Sexual dimorphism of left and right mandibular ramus parts (sigmoid notch bordered by coronoid and condylar process). The shape of coronoid process, condyle, and sigmoid notch were interpreted.

Results

The most prevalent shape of sigmoid notch was wide variant (41.2%), condyle was convex type (50%) and coronoid was round (53.4%). Condyle and coronoid showed asymmetry between right and left with p-value 0.001 and 0.019, respectively. This study has illustrated that triangular-shaped coronoid was more in females (p-value 0.012).

Conclusion

Sexual dimorphism is observed in the shape of the mandible due to masticatory activity at the point of insertion of temporalis muscle, biting force, hormones, and various genetic reasons. The results have exemplified that the morphometric variation of condyle, coronoid and sigmoid notch can be used as a tool for personal identification.
Okul Temelli Çocuk Koruma Eğitim Programlarının Çocuk Cinsel İstismarını Önlemede Etkisi: Sistematik Derleme
Authors: ULUSOY Fatma , AKCAN Arzu
Published: May 2022

Amaç: Okul temelli çocuk koruma eğitim programlarının çocuk cinsel istismarını önlemedeki etkisinin incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Derleme PRISMA-P (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis Protocols) bildirgesine ve dahil etme ve dışlanma kriterleri PICOS yöntemine göre belirlenmiştir. Tarama Ekim 2014-Aralık 2020 tarih aralığında, Science Direct, Web of Science, Pubmed, CINAHL, Scopus veri tabanlarında yapılmıştır. Çalışmaların yanlılık riski Cochrane kritik değerlendirme aracı (ROB 2) ile değerlendirilmiştir.

Bulgular: Okul temelli eğitim programlarının çocuk istismarını önlemede etkili olduğu bulunmuştur.

Sonuçlar: Tüm çalışmalar çocuk istismarını önlemede, çocukların bilgi ve farkındalıklarını artırmada; uzun dönem eğitim verilen çalışmalar, çocukların davranış becerilerini geliştirmede okul temelli eğitim programlarının etkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Çocuklar ile çalışan sağlık profesyonelleri ve okul sağlığı hemşireleri çocuk cinsel istismarını önlemeye yönelik çocuk koruma eğitim programları hazırlayabilir, düzenli olarak uygulayabilir ve bu programların uygulanmasında liderlik yapabilir.
Reciprocity or Self-Interest? Leveraging Digital Social Connections for Healthy Behavior
Authors:   Indiana University Bloomington, Liu Che-Wei , Gao Guodong (Gordon) ,   University of Maryland, College Park, Agarwal Ritu ,   University of Maryland, College Park
Published: May 2022

We examine the role of reciprocity enabled by digital social platforms for offline healthy behavior. Although reciprocity is a fundamental aspect of human psychology, its application in promoting healthy behavior has been limited. We conduct a randomized field experiment with over 1,700 pairs of users on a mobile social network platform. Individuals in the reciprocity treatment group receive a gift from their friends and are asked to return this favor by participating in a running challenge. Their performance is compared to the self-interest incentives widely used in practice. Building on social exchange theory, we argue that reciprocity-based incentives will outperform self-interest incentives with modest reward for motivating behavior change. We find that, on average, reciprocity is stronger than self-interest in inducing exercise behavior by a substantial amount. Furthermore, our results reveal that the magnitude of the reciprocity effect is contingent on the social closeness between senders and receivers. Interestingly, social closeness has an inverted U-shaped influence on the reciprocity effect. The effect is strongest when closeness is moderate, and wanes when closeness is either too strong or too weak. Compared to commonly used self-interest based financial incentives, our findings offer a potentially more powerful avenue for mechanism design in promoting healthy behavior.
Helping Older Workers Realize Their Full Organizational Potential: A Moderated Mediation Model of Age and IT-Enabled Task Performance
Authors:   HEC Montréal, Tams Stefan
Published: May 2022

Evidence shows that older users have lower performance levels for IT-enabled tasks than younger users. This is alarming at a time when the workforce is rapidly aging and organizational technologies are proliferating. Since the explanation for these lower performance levels remains unclear, managers are not sure how to help older users realize their full potential as contributors to organizational success. The research model presented here identifies the declining information-processing speed of older workers as the cause of their reduced capacity to perform IT-enabled tasks. According to the model, IT experience and IT self-efficacy reduce the negative impacts of this decline, whereas IT overload and the effort cost of IT use aggravate them. To test the model, data were collected using three complementary studies. The results supported the model and indicated five ways that organizations can help older users improve their capacity to perform IT-enabled tasks. Additional data collected in interviews with human resources directors confirmed the relevance of these solutions.
Designing Hybrid Mechanisms to Overcome Congestion in Sequential Dutch Auctions
Authors:   George Washington University, Lu Yixin , Gupta Alok ,   University of Minnesota, Ketter Wolfgang ,   University of Cologne,   Erasmus University, Rotterdam, van Heck Eric ,   Erasmus University
Published: May 2022

A common problem in many mature markets is how to deal with congestion—a situation in which transaction requests from market participants cannot be accommodated in an expedited manner. This paper examines the congestion problem in sequential Dutch auction markets. Transactions in these markets typically involve perishable goods, making market clearing speed crucial. Traditionally, sequential Dutch auctions have been implemented with fast-paced auction clocks that process equally attractive bids in the order they arrive and only award the first bidder as the winner of each round, which can lead to serious congestion in case of a demand surge. We propose a hybrid mechanism that capitalizes on the discrete nature of the auction clock and batches together the highest bids, allowing multiple transactions at the same price in each round. To evaluate the performance of the hybrid mechanism, we first develop a game-theoretic model comparing the hybrid mechanism to the traditional sequential Dutch auction mechanism. Our model predicts that the hybrid mechanism will achieve higher operational efficiency without compromising allocative efficiency. We then complement the theoretical analysis by evaluating the hybrid mechanism through a quasi-natural field experiment. The empirical analysis of the field data shows that the hybrid mechanism can significantly speed up the market clearing process and increase price stability without affecting the expected revenue. Our findings shed new light on the design and operation of multi-unit auctions.
EVALUATION OF KIDNEY FUNCTION IN INDIGENOUS PEOPLE WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION OF THE ARCTIC
Authors: Софронова С.И. , Климова Т.М. , Романова А.Н.
Published: May 2022

Целью исследования была оценка функции почек у лиц с артериальной гипертензией, представителей коренного населения Арктики на примере Якутии (n=159), средний возраст которых составил 60,6 лет. Результаты исследования свидетельствуют о том, что у 78% обследованных лиц имеются признаки снижения функции почек. У большинства участников наряду с имеющейся АГ имеются дополнительные факторы риска, способствующие развитию дисфункции почек. У женщин выявлен более неблагоприятный фон факторов риска хронических неинфекционных заболеваний, что вероятно обуславливает большую долю женщин с признаками хронической болезни почек.

The aim of the study was to assess the functional state of the kidneys in the group of people with arterial hypertension (n=159), representatives of the indigenous population of the Arctic (Yakutia). The average age of the subjects was 60.6 years. 78% of the examined individuals have signs of decreased renal function. Most number of participants, along with existing hypertension, have additional risk factors that contribute to the development of renal dysfunction. The surveyed women are characterized by a more unfavorable profile of risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases, which probably accounts for a higher proportion of women with signs of chronic kidney diseases.
The existing business relations model has exhausted itself: restructuring on a scientific basis in the face of changes
Authors: Matskulyak I. D. , Matskulyak D. I. , Nagdaliev N. Z.
Published: May 2022

The article substantiates that the business relations functioning model has exhausted itself and in this connection there is an urgent need for society in a scientific approach to the market economy organisation. The methodology of the research proceeds from the unity of the historical and logical in the market economy development, the need to replace its obsolete forms with more developed ones, which is possible on the basis of modern economic science. The results include such methodological tasks as the material and technical base modernisation of the domestic economy, the business relations scientific organisation and the new intellectually advanced and mobile employee formation, as well as applied directions of their implementation in the scientific regulation form of these processes, taking into account the requirements of the socio-economic laws system and the updated state mission. Finally, the conclusion has been formulated about the need to accelerate the implementation of the proposed strategic and tactical directions of social development as objective measures proposed by modern economic science.
Investments in Russia’s transport infractructure
Authors: Bychkova A. A.
Published: May 2022

The article considers the investment sources in transport, justifies the need for financial investments on the example of costs on a global and Russian scale. The dynamics of changes in investments by categories of transport routes for 2016–2019 has been analysed. The research of the authors’scientific works on this topic has been given. Renovation and optimisation of the transport structure brings a number of advantages to the Russian transport infrastructure. In addition to the positive aspects of infrastructure modernisation, there is a percentage of losses – these are risks from investments. The methodology of the study presents formulas for calculations, by which the investment programs profitability has been determined. As a solution to the lack of investment funds, the creation of aggregate investment sources has been proposed.
Digital capital of Russian enterprises: development trends in the digitalisation of the economy and the coronavirus pandemic
Authors: Spitsina L. Yu. , Gribanova E. B. , Spitsin V. V.
Published: May 2022

The digitalisation of the economy and the global coronavirus pandemic transfer competition for consumers into a virtual Internet environment, in which the enterprise success depends on its digital capital, which includes an Internet communication system with potential consumers. The article reveals the regularities and trends in the development of the enterprises digital capital focused on the retail market for the period 2017–2021. Economic and variance analysis of digital capital indicators based on the enterprises formed samples has been carried out. It has been noted that the leaders in the demand for websites are the trade and services industries. The global coronavirus pandemic in 2020–2021 became a powerful growth driver, with the major effect on enterprise website promotion is observed with a one year lag (in 2021). It has been found that the most industries enterprises are practically not engaged in the paid traffic development for their sites. Only real estate agencies actively interact with advertising Internet services. It has been shown that the enterprises digital capital development constantly requires new impulses or growth drivers and enterprises in most studied industries do not use the full opportunities range for increasing digital capital.
Determinants and factors of labour capital modification in the context of economic socialisation
Authors: Sadykov R. M. , Akhmetov V. Ya.
Published: May 2022

The formation and labour capital modification in the context of the economic socialisation determined by the search for new qualitative characteristics and factors, the most favorable conditions for the accumulation and fuller human potential use. The solution to this problem must be taken out of the labour capital framework and solved in the economic relations system, in which the signs of its socialisation should be adequately developed, aimed at improving the employee position in the professional relations system. The economic socialisation is expressed in an increase in the employee role not only as an object, but also as the labour process subject, in changing its quantitative and qualitative characteristics and role functions within the framework of a socially responsible orientation. This study defines the determinants and modification factors of labour capital: improving the labour capital structure, developing production social factors, improving working conditions and discipline, labour activity and creative initiative. The main parameters, characteristics and sources of labour capital development have been identified: educational and professional level, health and professional longevity, sanitary and hygienic conditions and a healthy working environment, labour and creative activity, social responsibility and participation in management.