bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indian music and dance for inclusive development: A reflection on the Republic of Mauritius
Authors: Pudaruth Santosh Kumar
Published: June 2016

The purpose of this article is to argue, prove and demonstrate that Indian Music and Dance have a crucial role to play in the overall development of the Republic of Mauritius.Following intensive and extensive literature search, and field study, the author shows that cultural and economic values inherent in these art-forms, if soundly and systematically explored, identified and leveraged, have the potential to create and enhance human, cultural, artistic and social capitals through arts education, besides contributing to economic development by generating jobs and earnings through the establishment of Indian Music and Dance Industries in the country. The author further argues that it is incumbent upon the government to formulate and deliver informed, evidence-based cultural policies to guide thoughts and actions in the arts, culture and economic sectors. Largely, the arguments are based on the experiences of different countries, especially those of India, and the findings of researchers in the field.
The church organist’s rappers: Redefining roles and strategies in music education
Authors: Van As Rosa , Kruger Jaco
Published: June 2016

Arts and culture teachers often are ill-equipped to meet the requirements of school music programmes. They labour especially to accommodate the diverse musical preferences of learners. This discussion accordingly describes the implementation of a once-off rap programme at an inner-city secondary school in Pretoria. It shows the programme evolving fitfully into a remarkably effective synergy between a teacher (trained as a church organist), the formal schooling system, school learners as well as community musicians. However, this synergy was dependent on the teacher relinquishing her cultural and musical preferences in favour of a popular music programme linked to the social experiences of learners. The successful unfolding of this programme demanded that the teacher surrender the conventional status of omniscient, authoritative educator in accordance with the principles of learner-centered approaches. The role of the teacher consequently became that of project coordinator and facilitator, while the needs, goals and actions of learners were central to, and motivated experiential and reflective group learning. Learners applied theoretical knowledge in musical creation and performance, continuously assessed their progress, and redefined their objectives as required. The consequent development by them of a combination of communicative, cognitive, emotional and social skills reveals the value in music education of oral processes of learning, as well as the role of community musicians. It also underscores the value of the school as formal setting of social interaction and education, as well as the indispensable – if redefined – role of the educator.
A proposed water sector plan for the Dr Kenneth Kaunda District Municipality (Dr KKDM)
Authors: Diedericks M , Nealer E J
Published: June 2016

The radical reform of potable water services provisioning by means of promulgation of the Water Services Act 108 of 1997 and the National Water Act 36 of 1998 in South Africa (SA) started a process of addressing the imbalance which existed in how the national resource was distributed. Water is now recognised as a scarce resource that belongs to all the people of the country and consequently it should be managed in an integrated way for social and economic development including future growth (Fuggle and Rabie 2005:293; Riemann, Chimboza and Fubesi 2012:446). The provision of potable water by water services authorities (WSAs) is an important basic service that faces a number of challenges such as the use of out-dated infrastructure and a lack of skilled and knowledgeable people that place overt pressure on demand for service delivery. It is against this background that the researchers have undertaken to investigate how a municipality which is forced to obtain its potable water supply from nearby surface- and groundwater catchments, can manage it in a more effective, efficient, equal, economic and sustainable manner by means of improved planning procedures to enhance co-operative governance and intergovernmental relations.A qualitative research design was used to conduct the study, which included a literature review, semi-structured interviews, non-probability data sampling and scientific analyses of responses. Furthermore, a case-study approach was followed by the researchers, with Dr Kenneth Kaunda District Municipality (Dr KKDM) as the unit of analysis (the locus). The major research finding of the study included that a Water Sector Plan (WSP) was lacking and non-existent in the Dr Kenneth Kaunda District Municipality (Dr KKDM) and therefore water services delivery could not be coordinated effectively.
Schooling, the underclass and intergenerational mobility: a dual education system dilemma
Authors: McKay Tracey Morton
Published: June 2016

School education in South Africa has seen much progressive change in the last 20 years. Yet educational outcomes are poor and many argue that a dual education system exists. Those with financial and socio-cultural capital access resourced schools, while poor South Africans are relegated to schools still suffering from apartheid resource neglect. This empirical study of high schools in Alexandra township, a poor black African residential area, demonstrates both the extent of the resource backlog and the consequences thereof. Secondary schools in Alexandra have an inadequate number, and standard, of toilets, libraries, computer facilities and science laboratories. They also have relatively high learner to teacher ratios and poor matriculation success rates. Enrolment in such schools means learners achieve a poor quality matriculation certificate or none at all, thus, trapping these learners into significant disadvantage. Meagre financial resources preclude Alexandra parents from selecting better resourced schools. Thus, for these learners, neither their legal rights with respect to school choice nor their geographical proximity to resourced schools has ensured redress from the apartheid past. The result is that intergenerational class mobility is limited. Thus, the dual nature of South Africa’s education system is creating a vicious cycle of intergenerational poverty where young people cannot improve their living standards despite enrolment in secondary schooling.
Preface: The battle for intelligence/re-enchantment of the world
Authors: De Beer Fanie
Published: June 2016

NO ABSTRACT AVAILIBLE
The House of the LORD ... the house of man
Authors: Pauw J C
Published: June 2016

The idea of cult centralisation in ancient Israel is investigated as a form of disenchantment. The Temple in Jerusalem can now be styled The House of the LORD and the countryside ought to be bereft of holy places and holy objects. However, the LORD did not stay in his “House”. Was this the start of a global process of disenchantment reaching its culmination in modernity? The question is posed whether the world could still be the enchanted house of man now that the LORD is absent. The article suggests that science associated with the Torah of nature can still discover an enchanted world.
An exploration of place: Towards an understanding of spatial character
Authors: De Klerk Sunica
Published: June 2016

Architecture and its influences on our daily life form the premise of the study. Every space has a character which is defined by the type of human engagement it solicits. Spaces have varying characters and the suitability of their use depends on whether they are experienced as enchanting or disenchanting. Hermeneutic phenomenology, which emphasise the importance of context when the experience of a phenomenon is considered, guides the investigation. Since the 1970’s various architects have absorbed the hermeneutic phenomenology into their writings and work. Those referred to during the course of this paper include Christian Norberg-Schultz, Steven Holl, Peter Zumthor, Ziona Strelitz, Nabeel Hamdi and Juhani Pallasmaa.Christian Norberg-Schultz translated hermeneutic phenomenology into architecture in his theory defining the Sense of Place. This theory delineates that there are two spatial qualities influencing the experience of an environment, namely, ‘space’ and ‘character’. These qualities are interdependent and are therefore explored independently prior to their exploration as a singular whole. An interdependent eco-system defining the relationship between the Context, User and Built Fabric is proposed within this paper. Observation and in-depth knowledge in all three areas is required for the creation of enchanted environments. If this system falls out of equilibrium, disenchanted environments develop. Enchanting environments engage their users and benefit the community and individuals alike. Disenchanted environments do not support their users, rendering their experience of architecture sombre and austere. The necessity of experiencing the world as a place, and not as a space, is a central theme throughout the paper.
The ‘long now’ of southern African water: Exploring aspects of enchantment and disenchantment in Brandfort
Authors: Tempelhoff Johann
Published: June 2016

Strategies aimed at understanding contemporary South African water supply and sanitation problems require a broad view of factors such as migration, urbanisation and climate change. Working from a case study of the water supply of the town of Brandfort in the Free State Province of South Africa, attention is given to its contemporary water crisis; the origins of the town in the nineteenth century; a view of the deep time of the region; and suggestions for gaining understanding of the town’s contemporary social ecological history in terms of the dynamics of its local water supplies.
Towards the conceptualisation of flow in corporate financial reporting theory
Authors: Rehwinkel Antoinette , Gouws Daniël
Published: June 2016

Developments in science, technology and sophisticated interconnected social networks increase the speed and volatility of the flow of economic-related energies, such as financial and intellectual capital. These developments require an information theory on corporate financial reporting that is stable at a fundamental level and focused on the disclosure of those systemic attributes that are pivotal to the sustenance of business entities operating in the global economy, or in economies with similar traits. The limited success in attaining stability is caused by, among others, the application of diverse, restricted and even opposing perspectives, resulting in random theoretical development, often unaligned with economic reality. The main aim of the article is to investigate whether the introduction of an underlying concept, principle or theorem, founded on the phenomenon of flow, to general- purpose corporate financial reporting theory could contribute to rendering stable guidance for coherent theoretical development while simultaneously enhancing alignment with the current global economy. As the study was conducted at conceptual level, a qualitative, transdisciplinary theoretical research methodology was applied by taking into account related basic concepts of philosophy, corporate financial reporting theory, economics, management accounting, physics and complexity. The study suggests that the conceptualisation of flow in general-purpose corporate financial reporting theory could contribute to rendering stable guidance for further coherent theoretical development, and improve on the alignment of the theory with the dynamics of the current global economy. This finding creates the opportunity to explore a variety of new reporting approaches from a scientific perspective, which could aid to enhance the disclosure of useful financial information.
Industry’s perception of the relevance of software development education
Authors: Liebenberg Janet , Huisman Magda , Mentz Elsa
Published: June 2016

It is widely acknowledged that there is a shortage of software developers, not only in South Africa, but also worldwide. Despite reports, in mostly quantitative studies, of a gap between the industry needs and software development education, the view the industry has of the new graduates and the problems, challenges and solutions in respect of software development education has not been explored in detail. This article reports on a mixed methods study of the relevance of software development education from the perspective of the industry. The analysis reveals some interesting views held by the industry, as well as by the different generations on their new recruits and the problems and challenges that are faced. The following solutions to the problems are suggested: teamwork; projects and experience; work-integrated-learning and mentoring; technical and soft skills; keeping up to date; career guidance; introspection; and generational awareness.
Dr. Albert Hertzog se bemoeienis met die Mynwerkersunie
Authors: Visser Wessel
Published: June 2016

In 1975 het Dan O’Meara die boek van L Naudé, Dr A. Hertzog, die Nasionale Party en die Mynwerkers, vir die South African Labour Bulletin geresenseer. Daarin bespreek O’Meara die stryd en motiewe van die Afrikaner politieke en kulturele elite om ‘n Afrikaner-nasionalisties-georiënteerde leierskap teen 1948 in beheer van die Mynwerkersunie (MWU) te stel. Resente navorsing, gebaseer op ‘n in diepte studie van die Hertzog-Versameling by die Instituut vir Eietydse Geskiedenis in Bloemfontein, asook ander dokumente, het Hertzog se verdere intieme betrokkenheid by hierdie vakbond in die post-1948 periode aan die lig gebring. Aantygings van korrupsie teen die MWU se hoofsekretaris, Daan Ellis, het tot smeerveldtogte, mosies van wantroue en kommissies van ondersoek na korrupsieklagtes en wanbestuur aanleiding gegee. Dit het ‘n onverkwiklike magstryd tussen PJ Visser, die president van die MWU, en Ellis tot gevolg gehad. Hertzog was ten nouste daarby betrokke. Hertzog en lede van die Afrikaner politieke- en kulturele-elíte was besorg dat die twis en onmin binne die vakbond uiteindelik die beeld van die MWU by blanke mynwerkers, en Afrikanermynwerkers in die besonder, kon benadeel wat op sý beurt weer polities ‘n negatiewe gevolge vir die NP by die stembus kon inhou. Daarom sou Hertzog probeer om met die bestuur van die vakbond in te meng en selfs lede van die Afrikaner Broederbond het gepoog om die magstryd binne die MWU te ontlont. Hierdie artikel poog om ‘n aspek van die politieke lewe van dr. Albert Hertzog te belig, aangesien daar nog geen deurtastende wetenskaplike historiese ondersoek na die politieke lewe van hierdie omstrede figuur in die Suid-Afrikaanse geskiedenis gedoen is nie.
Humankind and nature at the intersection of culture
Authors: Publishing AOSIS
Published: June 2016

No abstract available.
Die benutting van direkte bemarking op ’n geïntegreerde promosiestrategie
Authors: Venter Fred
Published: June 2016

Hedendaagse ondernemings bevind hulself in ’n hoogs kompeterende en dinamiese omgewing. Die onderneming wat egter bo die res gaan uitstyg, is die wat vir hul kliënte omgee en die waarde en voordele van hul produkte en dienste suksesvol onder die aandag van die kliënte bring. Die oorlewing en groei van ondernemings gaan dus afhang van hoe goed hulle in kliënte se behoeftes kan voorsien (Marcus, 2003). Die fokus van hierdie studie is op die aanwending van direkte bemarkingsinstrumente as deel van ’n geïntegreerde bemarkingskommunikasie program te vorm. Die doel van sodanige strategie is om kliëntekontak te optimaliseer en handelsmerk lojaliteit te bevorder. Dit sal nie net die effektiwiteit van die verskillende bemarkingsinstrumente verbeter nie, maar kan ook aan ondernemings ’n substansiële mededingende voordeel bied.
On this continent one is well advised to practice the methodology of listening
Authors: Hofmeyr Murray
Published: June 2016

No abstract available.
Die reikwydte van 11 September in die filmmedia
Authors: De Klerk Pieter
Published: June 2016

No abstract available.
From apathy to oblivion? The shameful history of heritage resource management in the Vaal Triangle
Authors: Prins Marguerite
Published: June 2016

The Vaal Triangle is richly endowed with a prehistory that commenced c. 1.5 million years ago, when a succession of Stone Age cultures flourished in the fertile Vaal-Klip valley in the environs of the modern industrial city of Vereeniging. The numerous stone artefacts scattered throughout the area, attest to these ancient settlements. During the Iron Age, the sandstone outcrops in the valley provided a durable surface for engraving – a manifestation of the burgeoning ability of humankind to give pictorial form to experiences and ideas. Due to the efforts of a few concerned individuals, the prehistoric sites in the Vaal-Klip valley received international acclaim and recognition. In 1943 and 1944, the two most important Stone Age archaeological reserves were officially declared national monuments, followed by the Redan rockengraving site in 1971. Over an extended period of time the two bodies responsible for their maintenance, the local government and the official heritage body of the day, conducted extensive negotiations, but failed to save these sites. With the exception of Redan, all the previously listed rock engraving sites, and the two Stone Agearchaeological reserves, have been completely obliterated. Redan has become progressively neglected and abandoned. This paper examines the impasse presently surrounding Redan, and the failure of the relevant bodies, to conserve and sustain the non-renewable prehistoric culture remains of the Vaal Triangle.
The Vaal River Barrage, South Africa’s hardest working water way: an historical contemplation·
Authors: Tempelhoff Johann , Munik Victor , Viljoen Morne
Published: June 2016

South Africa’s Vaal River is the country’s hardest working rivers. It has been instrumental in securing valuable water supplies in the development of the country’s economic hub – the Gauteng Province. Since the mid-twentieth century there have been increasing indications of water pollution threatening the storage facility of the Vaal River Barrage, built by the water utility, Rand Water, at the start of the twentieth century. Currently, as a result of a variety of factors, untreated wastewater is posing a severe environmental threat in the Vaal River Barrage Catchment area. In the article attention is given to the origins of pollution and recent events that had the effect of mobilising grassroots anger in civil society with the state of affairs. The article forms part of a transdisciplinary research project that is currently conducted at North-West University’s Vaal Triangle campus in Vanderbijlpark.
Knowledge is everywhere: a philosophical exploration
Authors: De Beer C.S.
Published: June 2016

In this article, I would like to argue that interdisciplinarity belongs to the very nature of knowledges in their diverse manifestations and any disregard for this idea would mean a distortion of knowledge while creating at the same time a situation that puts not only individuals but humanity in general in danger. The role of myths, paradigms, the position beyond-method, and the impact and interference of knowledges on each other, that illustrate the point of a universally distributed intelligence, is used as arguments in the development of this statement. The nature and scope of the danger is spelled out as well. Ways and strategies are proposed that should be invented to avoid this danger for the well-being of all human beings in their societies.
‘Music is Life’ – The influence of transcendentalist philosophy on Ives’s Concord Sonata
Authors: Weyer Waldo , Spies Bertha
Published: June 2016

Although the Concord Sonata is traditionally regarded as a sonata, it is atypical of the genre and is often considered as enigmatic. To understand this composition, a transdisciplinary approach is essential by, more specifically, incorporating knowledge of the philosophies of Transcendentalist authors Emerson, Hawthorne, the Alcotts andThoreau. Charles Ives set out the Transcendentalist ideas which influenced his conception of this piano sonata in his Essays before a sonata. His view of musical structure is based on the motto ‘Music is Life’, which he derived from their philosophy. The analysis of the first and last movements of this sonata also facilitates access to the ideas of Emerson and Thoreau. By linking the results of a musical analysis to extra-musical knowledge from literary art, this article demonstrates how abstract ideas of the Transcendental writers can be expressed through music. Interpretations arrived at in this manner help to promote a better understanding of the work as a whole. This essay shows how mediating between two different fields of knowledge and between knowledge and understanding as complementary concepts can enhance understanding and therefore appreciation of the music.
The tragedy of the water commons: the case of the Lower Orange water management area
Authors: Gouws C. M.
Published: June 2016

In the human environment there is a tendency to refer to resources, such as land and water which do not specifically belong to any single individual, as the ‘commons’. Garret Hardin wrote his famous paper called: “The Tragedy of the Commons” in which he highlighted the problem inhabitants of the world face regarding the growing population and depletion of natural resources. He proposed that limits must be placed on the liberal use of natural resources, which usually involve some kind of legislation. South Africa, as a semi-arid country, needs to manage the water as a commons to ensure that all inhabitants of the country have access to safe drinking water as instructed by the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Act No. 108 of 1996 and subsequently preserved in the National Water Act No 36 of 1998. The significance of Hardin’s theory to South Africa becomes evident in the necessity of the mentioned acts, which involve the establishment of Catchment Management Agencies (CMAs) and Water User Associations (WUAs). These institutions must ensure the involvement of all stakeholders and water users to manage the resource optimally. Establishing these institutions, however, proved to be difficult and their efficiency questioned, thus illustrating a “tragedy within the tragedy”. This article considers the case of the Lower Orange Catchment Management Agency and the Upington Islands Water User Association in the //Khara Hais local municipality, to illustrate the thus far failing efforts taken by this region to manage the water resource.
A physical environmental management perspective on municipal water supply: proposals for Tlokwe City Council
Authors: Nealer Eric , Raga Kishor
Published: June 2016

All South Africans, especially, those involved with the development and management of its water resources should be aware that South Africa is generally an arid to semi-arid region, with an average rainfall of approximately 500 mm per annum, compared to a world average of 860mm. Consequently, potable water is a very scarce resource, and is often the biggest prohibiting factor for development of, for example, new residential areas in a town or city.Hence a public service rendering municipality like the Tlokwe (Potchefstroom) City Council will have to, in its quest to manage its potable water supply more effectively, efficiently and economically, take cognisance of aspects such as:· The origin of its potable water;· The nature and extent of the storage and treatment of the potable water;· The manner in which the potable water is distributed to the users and consumers;and· The manner in which the wastewater is collected, treated and managed.The authors of this article are of the opinion that the aforementioned can only be taken care of effectively by incorporating a physical environmental management perspective in its municipal governance.
“Crossing over”: appropriate private sector principles, to operate more reliable public sector water services
Authors: Wall Kevin
Published: June 2016

Private sector institutions utilise many different business methods, some of which can selectively be adapted for use by organisations outside the private sector, to the benefit of their service delivery responsibilities. But the best of the appropriate practices from the private sector have often “not crossed over”.The Water Research Commission (WRC) of South Africa, working in collaboration with the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), finds that the concept of franchising, so successfully used by the private sector to deliver many goods and services, if applied to water services operation and maintenance, could alleviate and address many challenges in the management of water services. At the same time, franchising could provide an ideal stimulus to support the development of local enterprises, all within the municipal service delivery environment.Franchisee water service providers, dependent for their livelihood on the success of their business, would have a strong incentive to perform, and would also enjoy the benefit of the franchisor’s expert guidance and quality assurance. Some areas for potential franchising include meter management, billing, plumbing, pressure management, sewer maintenance, and wastewater treatment processes.The help from the franchisor would be of particular value to water services authorities at a distance from the major urban centres. Few of these authorities can afford to employ competent qualified staff, and often non-compliance with the laid down performance standards is a direct consequence of this lack. Significant improvements would soon be seen if the generally under-qualified and under-resourced water services staff could have this ongoing support, mentoring and quality control — or if the authority could enter into partnerships with small local enterprises or NGOs which would, through franchising, enjoy the necessary ongoing support, mentoring and quality control, and would have quick access to expert assistance when they needed it.
Water users’ associations from the users’ perspective: local water management at Thabina irrigation scheme, Limpopo, South Africa
Authors: Orne-Gliemann Maud
Published: June 2016

At a time when the South African water department and a circle of water experts in the country are defining their position on water users’ associations (WUAs), this paper looks at people’s actions and perceptions of local water management as a fundamental factor to understanding small farmers’ interactions with these newly established institutions. It presents the preliminary results of a community study conducted at Thabina irrigation scheme, Limpopo, between September 2007 and April 2008. This study offers an original approach to analyzing the scheme’s difficulties and, without providing a representative image of smallholder irrigation schemes in South Africa, it allows for interesting preliminary reflections around small farmers’ perceptions of water management and local water management institutions. The study of perceptions is not new, nor does it belong as an analytical tool to one or other academic discipline. In order to fully grasp this complex and multidimensional object, a transdisciplinary approach is therefore applied and implemented in the field by using an innovative set of methods: interviews, verbal associations and participatory photography. The advantages and difficulties related to the use of a perception and transdisciplinary approach are discussed.
‘Exploring transdisciplinary discourses’ – Has the Drakensberg conference measured up to its promise?
Authors: Varady Robert G
Published: June 2016

NO ABSTRACT AVAILIBLE
The cost of banking services and the technical efficiency of a South African bank
Authors: Van der WSesthuizen Gert J , Van Heerden Chris
Published: June 2016

Does the performance of one of the four largest banks in South Africa justify the customers’ complaints about the higher bank fees? Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used to estimate the technical efficiency and returns to scale of one of the largest banks in South Africa. The intermediation approach was applied to classify the inputs and outputs and the analyses were conducted with both input- and output- orientation under variable returns to scale. Returns to scale efficiency and technical efficiency for 37 districts over a period of 22 months were estimated. The analyses indicated that 19 districts out of the 37 districts were never fully technically efficient during the 22 months (input- and output-orientated). It appears that customers’ complaints about high service fees are justified.
In search of a merged identity: the case of multi-campus North-West University, South Africa
Authors: Kamsteeg Frans
Published: June 2016

South Africa’s post–apartheid governments have taken far–reaching policy measures to transform the system of higher education, do away with its strongly segregated character, and develop an efficient and internationally recognised system that provides equal chances for all ethnic groups. Since 2002 higher education has become the explicit target of a government policy, geared to cultural development and intervention, including the enforcement of a series of mergers between traditionally white and black universities and former technikons (currently universities of technology). This process has caused intense debate at the level of leadership and among policy makers in these institutions, but little is known of how this ideological battle over educational development has affected daily academic practice. This paper gives a first, somewhat tentative discussion on the current effects of the changes in higher education in South Africa, and in particular at one of the institutions affected: the newly merged North-West University (NWU). The article is based on documentary research and three personal visits to the university; in the process a joint research project was initiated between the VU University of Amsterdam (VUUA) and NWU. This paper attempts to shed some early light on how efficiency and social equity goals are met within NWU’s institutional merger, beginning from a cultural perspective that focuses on the construction of ‘merger narratives’. The paper also gives a voice to critical reactions, narratives of resistance that have emerged from the university shop floor.
Exploring Interdisciplinarity: a theoretical consideration of Bioethics at the interface between Theology, Philosophy and Life Sciences
Authors: De Lange Leentie
Published: June 2016

Complex ethical problems resulting from research and advances in biotechnologies increasingly confront Christian ministers and theologians with difficult and complex moral dilemmas. Where do they turn to in order to give guidance and answer questions concerning practical bioethical problems? This article argues that Bioethics as the systematic study of specific moral dilemmas implies conjoining a variety of ethical methodologies in an interdisciplinary framework. In trying to clarify this complex nature of Bioethics when practiced specifically from a Christian Theological viewpoint, the article examines theoretical considerations regarding the interface between three contributing disciplines, viz. Theology, Philosophy and Life Sciences. This is done by investigating three questions: What is the place of Bioethics in the hierarchy of disciplines? In what way do Philosophy, Theology, and Life Sciences contribute to the theoretical foundations of interdisciplinary Bioethics?, and How do different methodologies relate to one another in order to show the true interdisciplinary character of Bioethics? The article concludes that it is vital to re-examine the theoretical basis of Bioethics as a philosophical grounding or methodology in order to place moral knowledge within a meta-theoretical and epistemological framework. It is clear that Bioethics is a complex endeavour served by many disciplines, as well as a complex interdisciplinary form of knowledge. Scholars, scientists and theologians must all learn to transcend the barriers between the multitude of interrogational disciplines and endeavour to work towards designing a well- founded and meaningful framework within which the methodological assumptions and theoretical grounding have been clarified, and one which also recognizes the complex interdisciplinary nature of Bioethics.
Namibiese bosoorlog uit die pen van deurwinterde kryshistorikus
Authors: Visser Deon
Published: June 2016

NO ABSTRACT AVAILIBLE
Being San in a developing and water-stressed Botswana
Authors: Tempelhoff Johann
Published: June 2016

NO ABSTRACT AVAILIBLE
SIBU and the crisis of water service delivery in Sannieshof, North West Province
Authors: Gouws C , Moeketsi I , Motloung S , Van Greuning G , Van Zyl Llewellyn
Published: June 2016

In 2007 the residents of the town of Sannieshof in North West Province declared a dispute with the Tswaing Local Municipality on the grounds that the state of local service delivery left much to be desired. The ratepayers then formed the Sannieshof Inwoners Belastingbetalers Unie (SIBU) which literally took over the functions of local government of the town, functioning as a local government within a local government.This article provides a historical narrative of the conflict between SIBU and Tswaing Local Municipality, a dispute which was taken as far as the provincial High Court. Then follows an outline of conditions in Sannieshof and the townships of Agisanang and Phelindaba. Attention is given to the perceptions of local residents on the prevalent conditions, specifically in respect of water supply and sanitation service delivery. In the third section there are some theoretical perspectives on political culture, socialisation and happiness. A debate is provided on how these phenomena manifest under existing conditions in Sannieshof, and more particularly, in its adjacent townships of Agisanang and Phelindaba.
The threat of mine effluent to the UNESCO status of the Cradle of Humankind World Heritage Site
Authors: Durand J F , Meeuvis J , Fourie M
Published: June 2016

There is a significant environmental risk posed to the region in which one of the most important and richest archaeological and palaeontological resources is located in South Africa. This area, known as the Cradle of Humankind World Heritage (COHWHS), is situated adjacent to one of the richest gold bearing geological sequence in the world. The mine pollution which is emanating from the mines in the form of acid mine drainage (AMD) is threatening this remarkable resource which has yielded the biggest collection of hominin fossils in the world. The environmental degradation of the COHWHS will have a major impact on the archaeological and palaeontological heritage of not only South Africa, but the world, as well as the tourism, hospitality and education sectors of South Africa. If monitoring, mitigation and management measures are not implemented effectively with immediate effect to avoid or minimise the negative effects, the COHWHS may stand the risk of losing its status and be demoted to the UNESCO List of World Heritage in Danger. Ultimately, if the site loses the characteristics that determined its inscription in the World Heritage List, the World Heritage Committee may decide to delete the property from its list.
Psychological debriefing (PD) of trauma: a proposed model for Africa
Authors: Van Dyk E L , Van Dyk G AJ
Published: June 2016

Africa is a continent with severe trauma. Traumatic events include experiences of child soldiers, people living in war and conflict zones, and people struggling with the HIV/AIDS pandemic. These events cause high levels of trauma. The trauma causes psychological disorders like post traumatic stress disorder, acute stress disorder and combat stress reaction, specific in the military environment.This article focuses on a better understanding of the implications of trauma for military people and civilians. It discusses the different theories and models of psychological debriefing. Lastly the article discusses psychological debriefing models for military forces and the civil ian population to prevent severe psychopathology after traumatic incidents in Africa.
The influence of social components in marriage counseling
Authors: Van Niekerk Pierre , Fradgley Rob , Van Niekerk Leon
Published: June 2016

The purpose of this article is to focus on an additional counselling tool that complements the genogram and that will enable counsellors to successfully utilise the time spent during a counselling session. The article sets forth the thoughts of socialisation as well as various social components that influence the construction of reality of the self. These social components elaborate on aspects such as our identities, our beliefs, our evaluation, regulating our behaviour and focusing on our sense of self. The main objective is to answer the question: What is the influence of social components on marriage counselling?
Musikale ontlening en die voortbestaan van melodiese spore uit die verlede
Authors: Van Rensburg Henriëtte , Spies Bertha
Published: June 2016

Komponiste kan nie geïsoleer word van die musikale spore van die verlede nie – hierdie spore kan doelbewus deur komponiste betrek word of deur die filter van die onderbewussyn in ’n mindere of meerdere mate in latere werke bly voortbestaan. Dit is moeilik om 'n greep op die verskynsel van musikale ontlening te kry omdat sogenaamde ontlenings nie altyd met voldoende bewysvoering tot die oorsprong teruggevoer kan word nie. In 'n poging om hierdie probleem sistematies te ondersoek, word hier van die standpunt uitgegaan dat daar melodiese gestaltes is wat nie eksklusief aan 'n spesifieke komponis gekoppel kan word nie maar wat deel uitmaak van 'n gemeenskaplike musiekwoordeskat. Een manier waarop helderheid oor hierdie saak verkry kan word, is om 'n historiese benadering te volg deur die spore van melodiese gestaltes in die verlede terug te volg.Hierdie artikel konsentreer op tematiese spore aangesien melodie daardie aspek van ’n komposisie is wat direk tot die luisteraar spreek. Eerstens betrek ’n historiese perspektief die moontlike bestaan van melodiese spore in die onderbewussyn, melodiese spore as konvensionele figure en die probleem wat ontstaan wanneer ontleende materiaal aan ’n spesifieke komponis gekoppel word. Tweedens word gedemonstreer hoe die melodiese figuur wat begin met die stygende vyfdesprong teruggespoor kan word tot die eerste eeue n.C. ’n Soortgelyke strategie wat die sprong van ’n stygende derde as openingsfiguur betrek, kan hierdie melodiese figuur verder terugspoor, naamlik tot by ’n Griekse Delfiese himne van die tweede eeu v.C.Trefwoorde:musikale ontlening, melodiese spore, konvensionele melodiese figure,melodiese openingspatrone Dissiplines:Musiek,Musiekgeskiedenis, Musiekteorie, Etologie, Mnemoniek.
Developing an Environmental Performance Index (EPI): a focus on impacts of information and communication technology use
Authors: Mbohwa C , Agwa-Ejon J
Published: June 2016

There is a growing need for environmental performance measures that can be used by all stakeholders like surrounding communities, customers, suppliers and shareholders to gauge the environmental performance of organizations. The environmental performance measures that are used worldwide are normally not suitable for benchmarking organizations. This paper develops an environmental performance index using indicator and weight matrices of the full life cycle phases of an organization’s energy use for environmental management system activities. This work is transdisciplinary in nature and applies mathematical matrices and environmental productivity approaches, and borrows from the development of quality indices to consider a variety of impacts that cut across various phases of a product life cycle and different functions within an organization. The focus is on information and communication technology use in these systems. The model is applied to the Japanese automotive industry and the findings show that it is feasible and effective for comparing the environmental performance of companies in the same sector using the same weight matrices and indicators agreed to. The work informs decision making on the development of environmental performance measures that have worldwide applications, across many disciplines, in situations where suitable data are recorded. It also contributes to efforts on economic and social sustainability. Research efforts in similar areas in Southern Africa can benefit from the development and improvement of the proposed methodology.Keywords: Environmental performance index, indicator and weight matrices, benchmarkingDisciplines: Information and Communications Technology Studies (ICT), Environmental Studies, Economics, Sustainability Studies
Municipal engineers and local government in the Transvaal before 1910
Authors: Mäki Harri
Published: June 2016

This paper examines the history of the first town engineers in the Transvaal before the Union. It will briefly examine the changes in local government in the Transvaal, focusing on municipal engineers. Examination is made of the selection processes applied in their appointments and the circumstances at the end of their tenures. It explores what was expected of municipal engineers during this period; shows what their position within the municipal structure was; and explains how vague their job description was in relation to their wide field of operation. The development of the engineer’s position in the municipal management hierarchy is interesting. He was an important figure in local government, had specific responsibilities and enjoyed specific powers. It emerges that most early town engineers had training via apprenticeship for the positions they held and that there was added pressure from elected councillors in municipalities who were prone to assiduously monitor how officials were spending public money.Keywords:Municipal history, civil engineering, water supply, sanitation, Transvaal,Benoni, Boksburg, Germiston, Heidelberg, Johannesburg, Klerksdorp, Krugersdorp, Pietersburg, Potchefstroom, Pretoria, Standerton, Volksrust Disciplines:History, Engineering, Public Management
Die Anglo-Boereoorlog (1899-1902) in die Afrikaanse letterkunde: ’n geheelperspektief
Authors: Wessels André
Published: June 2016

This study reviews Afrikaans literary works (poems, plays, novels and short stories) dealing with the Anglo-Boer War (1899-1902). War poems written by well- known Afrikaans poets such as Jan F.E. Celliers, Eugène Marais, C. Louis Leipoldt, Totius and D.J. Opperman, as well as some of the few plays that have the war as background, receive attention. See in this regard, for example, N.P. van Wyk Louw’s Die pluimsaad waai ver of bitter begin, which in its day elicited a substantial amount of controversy. In addition to the short stories that deal with the war, many novels on the war have also been published. Attention is drawn to the fact that the upsurge in Afrikaner nationalism in the 1930s (and later) went hand-in-hand with the publication of Anglo-Boer War novels. The youth was also not neglected, thanks to best-selling books on the war by Mikro and others. Etienne Leroux’s controversial novel Magersfontein, o Magersfontein! (1976) paved the way for several other noteworthy war novels that demythologise the Afrikaner’s so-called heroic role in the war. The article also identifies the most important topics that have thus far been explored in the Afrikaans literature on the war, for example the role played by Cape rebels; the consequences of the British scorched-earth policy and concomitant camps for white and black civilians; feminism, and the role and experiences of black and coloured people. In conclusion, the mutually enriching relationship between history and literature is investigated.Keywords: Afrikaans literature, Anglo-Boer War (1899-1902), Cape rebels, black civilians, faminism, relations history and literatureSubjects: Military history, Literature Studies, South African Studies
The function of Daniel 1 in a second century BCE historical context
Authors: Van Deventer HJM
Published: June 2016

In the first chapter, the book of Daniel begins with an introduction of the main characters, and a short story about refraining from defilement by eating foreign food. From a literary perspective that focuses on form and content it is clear that this chapter was written as an introduction. This contribution reconsiders what earlier form of the book (Daniel 2-7 or Daniel 2-12) it was meant to introduce. In an attempt to alter scholarly opinion as regards the redaction history of the book of Daniel, the function of this chapter is determined against a second century BCE context.Keywords: Old Testament, Daniel, historical contextDisciplines: History, Biblical Studies, Literary Studies
A practical exploration of the feasibility of Integrative Multidisciplinary research from a broad ecohealth perspective in South Africa
Authors: Van Eeden E S
Published: June 2016

This discussion is a deliberation on the progress towards the possibility of carrying out feasible research according to an Integrative Multidisciplinary (IMD) research methodology (theoretically and practically). To explore the IMD research methodology, a group of researchers from several disciplines started discussions in early February 2011 to plan a pilot research process in the Bekkersdal Township of the municipal region of Westonaria (Gauteng, South Africa). It was decided that the focus of research would be on exploring a broad definition of ecohealth to accommodate several disciplines and to attempt to produce a “package” of research results from many disciplinary angles. These results will eventually be discussed and refined through interdisciplinary (ID) and transdisciplinary (TD) research phases to “contain” consolidated reflections of the status of the well-being of the Bekkersdal community. However, the primary research question remains: whether it is possible to do research using IMD methodology, and whether this proposed methodology is more promising and constructive as an aid to understanding and disseminating research from various disciplinary angles than other methodologies.Keywords: Integrative Multidisciplinary research; ecohealth; Bekkersdal township; Westonaria; Gauteng; environment; humanities; social sciencesDisciplines: History; Ecohealth; Multidisciplinary
How to eat: 1 vegetarianism, religion and law
Authors: Kroeze Irma
Published: June 2016

The approach of Critical Legal Studies that law is a cultural artefact that can be criticised is taken as point of departure in this paper. This insight is applied to food as a very important cultural artefact that permeates virtually every aspect of our personal and social lives. The paper then examines three types of restrictive diets, namely Kosher food production, halal food rules and vegetarianism. From this study it concludes that all three perform a vital social function of providing adherents with a unifying and identifying set of rules to foster social coherence. But it also provides adherents with a strong moral foundation that serves to justify a sense of moral superiority. Most importantly, all three these diets rest on a modernist view of morality in which absolute, unquestioning and universal truths are possible. It therefore serves to provide certainty in the postmodern condition of uncertainty and relativism. For that reason this study concludes that vegetarianism is the new religion – it provides people who no longer believe in traditional religions with a new certainty.