bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Tumor Microenvironment Remodeling after Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Hu Junjie , zhang lele , Xia Haoran , Yan Yilv , Zhu Xinsheng , Sun Fenghuan , Sun Liangdong , Li Shuangyi , Li Dianke , Wang Jin , Han Ya , zhang jing , Bian Dongliang , Yu Huansha , Chen Yan , Fan Pengyu , Ma Qiang , Jiang Gening , Wang Chenfei , Zhang Peng
Published: October 2021

Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, but most patients are refractory to immunotherapy or acquire resistance. To explore immunotherapy resistance mechanisms, we characterized the transcriptomes of ~92000 single cells from 15 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) during neoadjuvant PD-1 blockade combined with chemotherapy. CD8+ T, natural killer, B, and dendritic cells were activated by therapy. Therapy also promoted differentiation of memory T cells into effector T cells. Macrophages were remodeled into an M0-like phenotype and neutrophils into an aged phenotype. Distinct therapy-induced cancer-cell transcriptomes were associated with clinical response. Major pathologic responders (MPRs) activated antigen presentation via major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II). Cancer cells of non-MPRs exhibited overexpression of estrogen metabolism enzymes and elevated serum estradiol. Elevated estradiol activated EGFR signaling and upregulated the expression of VEGFA, which promoted an immunosuppressive microenvironment. FCRL4+FCRL5+ memory B cells and CD16+CX3CR1+ monocytes were identified as biomarkers for positive immunotherapy response.
Are Only A Few Hours Adequate For Hospitalization Following Mini-Incision Open Appendectomy In Pediatric Patients?
Authors: Sookpotarom Paiboon , Ayudhya Vichack Chakrapan Na , Tangsirapat Vorapatu
Published: October 2021

Purpose- A very short hospital length of stay following an open appendectomy in children with acute simple appendicitis has never been mentioned yet in literature. The authors reviewed the outcome of these pediatric patients who were treated with the open technique.Methods -We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of the 115 consecutive patients who underwent open appendectomy from June 2017 to July 2021.Results- There were 84 patients whose appendices were inflammatory or suppurative and appendectomies were done only through McBurney’s point. Of these, the average age was 9.11 ± 2.67 years. The mean length of the incision was 1.95 ± 0.48 centimeters. Nearly one-third (25/85) could be discharged with 3 hours following surgery. Of the remaining cases, 9 patients were discharged within the same day.Conclusion- There were increased percentages of patients who were eligible for our criteria in each year. The confidence of both parents and the therapeutic team on this concept is of paramount importance affecting a shift of paradigm of this treatment of this very common surgical condition.
A case report on uneventful anticoagulation and persistence of type1 respiratory failure post severe COVID-19 infection in a patient of Osler-Weber-Rendu Syndrome.
Authors: Gautam Sachin , Mawari Govind , Daga Mradul Kumar , Kumar Naresh
Published: October 2021

Ever since the WHO's declaration of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the medical literature has been focusing upon the patterns of association of SARS-CoV-2 with different diseases. Patients with Osler-Weber-Rendu Syndrome, also known as, Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), presents with recurrent epistaxis, nostril manipulations, incidental detection of multiple AVMs (Arterio-Venous Malformations), and telangiectasias over mucocutaneous tissues and internal organs. In addition, these AVMs are prone to bleed or act as a nidus for thrombus formation apart from other serious complications like chronic hypoxemia, anemia, pulmonary artery hypertension, heart failure, and cerebrovascular disease accidents. Here, we provide a case report of such a patient who was diagnosed with HHT as per 'Curaçao criteria'; having a history of multiple episodes of epistaxis, radiological evidence of AVMs over left calf, pulmonary and hepatic region, multiple telangiectasias in the splenic region and uterine vascular malformations. Upon acquiring severe COVID-19 infection, the patient developed complications like anemia, pulmonary artery hypertension, sepsis, acute kidney injury, and post COVID-19 persistence of type1 respiratory failure. Moreover, the risk-benefit ratio of anticoagulation therapy in such patients with COVID-19 infection is tricky and challenging; however, our patient was prophylactically anti-coagulated with enoxaparin for 12 days with an uneventful outcome.
Keywords: Osler-Weber-Rendu Syndrome, Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, HHT, Prophylactic Anticoagulation, Covid-19, SARS-CoV-2.
Clinical Analysis on Diagnostic Accuracy of Bosch Vivalytic SARS- CoV-2 Point-of-Care Test and Evaluation of Cycle Threshold at Admission for COVID-19 Risk Assessment
Authors: Heger Lukas Andreas , Elsen Nils , Rieder Marina , Gauchel Nadine , Sommerwerck Urte , Bode Christoph , Duerschmied Daniel , Oette Marc , Ahrens Ingo
Published: October 2021

Background Point-of-care (POC) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests have the ability to improve testing efficiency in the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. However, real-world data on POC tests is scarce.Objective To evaluate the efficiency of a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) POC test in a clinical setting and examine the prognostic value of on admission cycle threshold (CT) on length of hospital stay (LOS) in COVID-19 patients.Methods Patients hospitalised between January and May 2021 were included in this prospective cohort study. Patients’ nasopharyngeal swabs were tested for SARS-CoV-2 with Allplex™2019-nCoV (Seegene Inc.) real-time (RT) PCR assay and novel POC test (Bosch Vivalytic SARS-CoV-2 [Bosch]) as well as the SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Antigen Test (Roche) accordingly. Clinical sensitivity and specificity as well as inter- and intra-assay variability were analysed. Results 120 patients met the inclusion criteria with 46 (38%) having definite COVID-19 diagnose by RT-PCR. Bosch Vivalytic SARS-CoV-2 POC had a sensitivity of 88% and specificity of 96%. The inter- and intra- assay variability was below 15%. CT Value at baseline was lower in patients with LOS ≥10 days when compared to patients with LOS <10 days (27.82 (±4.648) vs. 36.2 (25.9 - 39.18); p=0.0191). There was a negative correlation of CT at admission and LOS (r[44]s= -.31; p=0.038)Conclusion Our data indicate that POC testing with Bosch Vivalytic SARS-CoV-2 is a valid strategy to identify COVID-19 patients and decrease turnaround time to definite COVID-19 diagnosis. Also our data suggests at admission CT as promising marker for length of hospital stay and possibly severity of disease in COVID-19 patients.
Quality of the Academic Research of a Postgraduate Degree in Surgery from a Public University of Ecuador.
Authors: Pauta Jorge Antonio Delgado , Bravo Franklin Mora
Published: October 2021

Introduction: the lack of solidity of educational research (ER) in a high percentage the loss of integrity in the methodology has been reported. The objective of the present study was to determine the quality of the ERs of the postgraduate surgery in a Public University of Ecuador. With the hypothesis that the acceptable theses are equal to 70%.Methods: the present study reviewed the thesis of surgery at the University of Cuenca, from the period January-2010 to November-2019. The probabilistic sample selection was 48 cases. A 51-question EI quality test was used. The values ​​of each variable were homologated as a percentage. A single sample T-test was performed, bivariate correlations using the Spearman coefficient. Significant values ​​were R> 0.5 and P <0.01. The hypothesis test was performed with Chi square.Results: of 48 randomized theses, the lowest average was in the “Hypothesis” sections (41.6% [35.3-47.8]) and the highest in the “Results” sections (93.5% [91.4-95.7]). The relevance was 97.9% (93.7-102.1). 35 theses (72.9%) were rated as "Acceptable". The Hypothesis and References sections were rated as “Not acceptable” in 70.8% and 79.2%. The "results" section obtained the rating of "Excellent" in 93.8%. The hypothesis was accepted, the group has an acceptable quality equal to 70% ”, Chi2 = 0.2208, P = 0.64.Conclusion: the quality of educational research is equal to the 70% raised in the hypothesis, which highlights a minimum sufficiency rating for the educational research studied in this work.
Dynamic access control and security performance prediction for IoT networking using a novel deep learning technique
Authors: P. Sriramya , Reshmy A.K. , Subhashini R. , Tongkachok Korakod , Pasupulla Ajay Prakash , Algani Yousef Methkal Abd , Balaji S. , Bala B.Kiran
Published: October 2021

Internet of things (IoT) has increased an importance for an area of interest in many devices. Then, the applications such as sensitive home sensors, medical devices, wireless sensors,and other devices are related to IoT network. The transmission of big data is subject to a possible attack that could cause network interruptions and problems with security. The security performance prediction is important for IoT networks to address complicated security issues in real-time which one of the attacks can freely threaten its global performance. Initially,investigate the safety performance of security intelligent prediction techniques is linking with deep learning algorithms into the IoT security risks. This contribution provides a CNN model that improves IoT security risk assessment (SRA) performance. Then, the access control techniques are changed with IoT-like dynamic systems with the number of items spread all over the place. Therefore, dynamic access control models are necessary. Thesedesign not individual use strategies of access but incorporate environmental and real-time data to predict the decision on access. The risk-based access control approach is one of those dynamic models. To decide the access decision, this model assesses the security risk value associated with the access request. This assessment of the model proposed results from the performance and accuracy of IoT networks.
Precise Control of Surface Oxygen Vacancies in ZnO Nanoparticles for Extremely High Acetone Sensing Response
Authors: Lee Jihyun , Choi Youngmoon , Park Byoung Joon , Han Jeong Woo , Lee Hyun-Sook , Park Jong Hyeok , Lee Wooyoung
Published: October 2021

ZnO has been studied intensely for chemical sensors due to its high sensitivity and fast response. Here, we present a simple approach to precisely control oxygen vacancy contents to provide significantly enhanced acetone sensing performance of commercial ZnO nanopowders. A combination of H2O2 treatment and thermal annealing produces optimal surface defects with oxygen vacancies on the ZnO nanoparticles (NPs). The highest response of ~27,562 was achieved for 10 ppm acetone in 0.125 M H2O2 treated/annealed ZnO NPs at the optimal working temperature of 400 ℃, which is significantly higher than that of reported so far in various acetone sensors based on metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS). Furthermore, first-principles calculations indicate that pre-adsorbed O formed on the surface of H2O2-treated ZnO NPs can provide a favorable adsorption energy, especially for acetone detection, due to strong bidentate bonding between carbonyl C atom of acetone molecules and pre-adsorbed O on the ZnO surface. Our study demonstrates that controlling surface oxygen vacancies by H2O2 treatment and re-annealing at optimal temperature is an effective method to improve the sensing properties of commercial MOS materials.
Identification of QTLs Associated With Tillering and Biomass in Rice That Are Robust Across Different Developmental Stages and Environments
Authors: Barnaby Jinyoung Y. , McClung Anna M. , Edwards Jeremy D. , Pinson Shannon R.M.
Published: October 2021

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
The Hilar Height Ratio in Normal Chest Radiographs of Adults Seen at Selected Tertiary Hospitals in Kampala, Uganda; A Forgotten Parameter in Pulmonary Medicine
Authors: Wendo Daniel Muhati , Bugeza Samuel , Nseko Sam , Sereke Senai Goitom , Ameda Faith
Published: October 2021

Background: The hilar height ratio (HHR) is a numerical expression of the hila position. Displacement of the pulmonary hilum is the most reliable indirect sign, in conditions that result in pulmonary volume changes. Despite the high utility of the chest radiograph, it has a relatively low diagnostic accuracy, high interobserver disagreement and numerous errors following interpretation. Routine use of the HHR with knowledge of the normal ranges would, therefore, help improve the overall chest radiograph sensitivity, reduce on errors and the interobserver disagreement in the interpretation of pulmonary volume changes. This study aims to determine the HHR in our study population, compare it with previous studies, and to relate it with sex, stratified age groups, height and body mass index (BMI).Methods: A consecutive cross-sectional study with purposive sampling were used to filter out a total of 384 normal chest radiographs of adults seen from three tertiary hospitals in Kampala, Uganda. The right and left HHRs were evaluated for each chest radiograph, along with the age, sex weight, height and BMI.Results: The median right HHR for the participants was 1.42 (IQR = 1.31- 1.57), and the median left HHR was 0.92 (IQR = 0.86- 0.98). There was a significant mean difference in the right HHR between the sex groups (p = 0.017) and age groups (p = 0.001). The mean difference in the left HHR was not affected by sex (p = 0.178) or age (p = 0.198). The right and left HHRs showed a very weak correlation to height (r = - 0.10 and r = 0.08, respectively). The right and left HHRs were not significantly different among the BMI groups (p = 0.254 and 0.20 respectively).Conclusion: The median left HHR was not affected by sex, age, weight and height while the right HHR varied with sex and age in our study population. Weight and height do not affect HHRs. The females in our study population had a higher positioned right hilum, whereas the position of the right hilum progressively lowered with increasing age.
Benefits of home-based exercise training following critical SARS-CoV-2 infection: a case study
Authors: Longobardi Igor , Prado Danilo Marcelo Leite do , Goessler Karla Fabiana , Júnior Gersiel Nascimento de Oliveira , de Andrade Danieli Castro Oliveira , Gualano Bruno , Roschel Hamilton
Published: October 2021

Purpose: We report for the first time the effect of exercise training in a survivor patient from critical COVID-19 illness. Methods: A 67-yr-old woman who had critical COVID-19 disease underwent a 10-wk home-based exercise training aimed at recovering her overall physical condition. Before and after the intervention, we assessed cardiopulmonary parameters, skeletal muscle strength and functionality, fatigue severity and self-reported persistent symptoms. Results: The patient was hospitalized for 71 days, being admitted in the intensive care unit (ICU) due to respiratory failure. At baseline (3 months after discharge), she presented with severe impairment in cardiorespiratory functional capacity (<50% age predicted VO2peak). After the intervention, remarkable improvements in VO2peak (∆: 45.9%), oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES; ∆: 30.1%), HR/VO2 slope (∆: -43.5%), the lowest VE/VCO2 ratio (∆: -7.1%), and exertional dyspnea were observed. In addition, handgrip strength (∆: 22.7%), 30-second Sit-to-Stand (30-STS; ∆:14.3%), Timed-Up-&-Go (TUG; ∆: -15%) performance and Post-COVID Functional Status (PCFS) score (4 vs. 2) were also improved from baseline to post-intervention. Self-reported persistent symptoms were also improved and Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) score decreased (4 vs. 2.7) from baseline to post-intervention.Conclusions: This is the first evidence that a semi-supervised, home-based exercise training program may be safe and potentially effective in improving cardiorespiratory and physical functionality in COVID-19 survivors. Controlled studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
Automated Segmentation of Nucleus And Cytoplasm of Cervical Cells From Pap-Smear Images Using A Quadtree Decomposition Approach.
Authors: William Wasswa , Ware Andrew , Basaza-Ejiri Annabella Habinka , Obungoloch Johnes
Published: October 2021

Background: Digital pathology and microscopy image analysis is widely used for comprehensive studies of cell morphology especially for cervical cancer screening from pap-smears. Manual assessment of pap-smears is labour intensive and prone to interobserver variations. Computer-aided methods, which can significantly improve the objectivity and reproducibility, have attracted a great deal of interest in recent literature. A critical prerequisite in automated analysis of pap-smears is nucleus and cytoplasm segmentation, which is the basis of cervical cancer screening. This paper articulates a potent approach to the segmentation of cervical cells into nucleus and cytoplasm using a quadtree decomposition approach with statistical measures.Results: Choosing an appropriate quadtree decomposition strategy was a great challenge and a novel task in the proposed approach. The image is pre-processed using an enhanced median filter and is decomposed based on the mean, maximum entropy and the variance statistical measures of the pixels in the subtree. As a result, highly efficient and segmentations of acceptable performance were obtained. Comparison of the segmented nucleus and cytoplasm with the ground truth nucleus and cytoplasm segmentations resulted into a Zijdenbos similarity index of greater than 0.9034 and 0.9498 for nucleus and cytoplasm segmentation respectively. Conclusion: Given the accuracy of the classifier in segmenting the nucleus which plays an important role in cervical cancer diagnosis and classification, the classifier can be adapted for automated systems for cervical cancer diagnosis and classification. The method serves as a basis for first level segmentation of cervical cells for diagnosis and classification of cervical cancer from pap-smears.
Source Apportionment and Characterization of Water Insoluble Single Particulate Matters in Rain Sequences Using Particle Size Analyzer and Scanning Electron Microscopy
Authors: BERBERLER Ercan , GEMİCİ Betül Tuba , ÖZEL Handan UCUN , DEMİR Tuğçe , KARAKAŞ Duran
Published: October 2021

In this study, eight independent rainfall events were sampled sequentially from September 20, 2019 to June 15, 2020, in Bartın province located at the western Black Sea coast of Turkey. Manually collected volume based sequential samples were analyzed for pH and water soluble ions involving F-, Cl-, NO3-, SO42–, PO43-, Na+, K+, NH4+, Mg2+ and Ca2+. Total trace and major elements (sum of soluble and insoluble fractions), and elemental and organic carbons (EC and OC) contents of the sequential samples were measured. Water insoluble particulate matters in the sequential samples were characterized for their sizes, morphologies and the compositions by using Scanning Electron Microscopy Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometry (SEM-EDS) and particle size analyzer. Results of SEM-EDS, particle size distributions, chemical analyses and the upper atmospheric backtrajectories were used to apportion the sources of the water insoluble single particulate matters in sequential rain samples. Using the proposed method, iron-steel facilities, and thermal power plants were identified as the significant regional sources. Urban traffic and natural emission were identified as the local sources.
Correlation between Compaction Characteristics with undrained Shear Strength of Soils found in Burayu Town
Authors: KORMU SOLOMON , Sorsa Alemineh
Published: October 2021

The shear strength of the soil is an important factor to know the internal resistance of soil against external loads causing shearing forces. Shear strength parameters are mandatory for the analysis of load bearing capacity of the soil, the stability of Geotechnical structures and in analysing stress and strain characteristics of soils. The undrained shear strength is one type of shear strength parameter. This parameter is conducted by undisturbed samples. But due to handling, transportation, release of overburden pressure and poor laboratory conditions, it is difficult to obtain accurate undisturbed samples. So, prediction of undrained shear strength parameters (cu) for cohesive soil with the help of compaction characteristics provides a good alternative to minimize this problem. Therefore, this study was conducted to develop the correlation between undrained shear strength values with soil compaction characteristics specifically located in Burayu town. The study was carried out using thirty samples collected from the town. By using the test result regression based statistical analysis was carried out to develop the intended correlation. The parameters considered for this study are Atterberg's limits, Grain size analysis, Specific gravity, Compaction tests and unconfined compression test. The test procedures were based on AASHTO and ASTM laboratory test standards. These parameters are used to establish equations of correlations between undrained shear strength values with soil compaction. The soil type found in Burayu town was highly plastic red clay soil. Based on both single and multiple linear regression analysis relatively good correlation is obtained by combining undrained shear strength (qu ) with maximum dry density and optimum moisture content of red clay soil. From the correlation analysis the equations developed are qu = - 3105 + 1625 MDD + 40.9 OMC with coefficient of determination of R2 =0.828 for multiple linear regression and qu= - 1473 + 57.8 OMC and qu= - 4861 + 3910 MDD with coefficient of determination of R2=0.787 and R2 =0.601 for single linear regression respectively. Generally, the intended correlation obtained from the study area fulfil the basic requirement of regression.
Distribution characteristics, source identification, and risk assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments of the salt lakes in the Ordos Plateau, China
Authors: Zhang Shengyin , Zhang Shuncun , Chen Yongxin , Chen Bo , Lei Tianzhu
Published: October 2021

Salt lakes have a significant effect on the regional climate, environment, and ecology in semi-arid regions characterized by lower rainfall and high evaporation. However, under the stresses of global change and human disturbance, anthropogenic pollution is the main factor threatening the lake ecological environment. Surface sediment samples collected from four salt lakes in the Ordos Plateau were used to investigate the salinity, concentration, pollution status, potential sources of heavy metals, and influencing factors. The surface sediments of Beida Pond and Gouchi Pond were weakly alkaline (pH < 9) owing to Na2SO4, whereas those of Chaigannaoer and Hongjiannao were strongly alkaline (pH > 9) owing to Na2CO3. The concentration range of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb in the sediment samples collected from the salt lake in the Ordos followed the order of Cr > Zn > Ni > Pb > Cu > As > Cd. The Cr values were higher in Chagannaoer and Hongjiannao, but the Ni, Cu, and Zn values were higher in Beida Pond and Gouchi Pond. The geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and enrichment factor (EF) consistently indicated that Cr posed the greatest potential ecological risk and that Ni, Cu, and Zn pollution was more severe in Beida Pond and Gouchi Pond than in Chagannaoer or Hongjiannao. However, Er and RI indicated these heavy metals were a low risk to the environment. Risk assessment code (RAC) revealed that Pb and Cr exhibited no mobility and had low potential bioavailability risk, although Zn, Ni, and As were categorized as medium risk. Cu had the highest mobility and high risk. Principal component analysis for Beida Pond and Gouchi Pond revealed that the source of Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb might be associated with water - soluble elements in aqueous migration. For Cr, Pb, and As, it was indicated that the source of these heavy metals might be lithospheric minerals carried by dust storms. Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr, and Pb in Chagannaoer and Hongjiannao may be derived from surface runoff, and chemicals from these sources may eventually accumulate in sediments. Pearson’s correlation analysis indicated that pH was the main environmental factor controlling the distribution of heavy metals in Chagannaoer and Hongjiannao.
About Liquid Filtration Under a Point Dam with a Vertical Weakly Permeable Film
Authors:   Transbaikal Institute of Entrepreneurship, Irina A. Efimova
Published: October 2021

The problem of groundwater filtration under a point dam in a piecewise homogeneous porous medium in the presence of a weakly permeable film under the dam is considered. The filtration area is considered in the form of a vertical half-plane with a horizontal line of water courses. A weakly permeable film divides the filtration area into two quadrants with different constant permeability. By the convolution method of Fourier expansions, the solution of the problem is obtained explicitly. The influence of a weakly permeable film on the filtration process is investigated. It is shown that the presence of a weakly permeable film reduces the filtration rates in the downstream.
Barcoding and interspecific relationships of Macaronesian Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea)
Authors: Stüben Peter E. , Schütte André , Astrin Jonas J.
Published: October 2021

In an integrative taxonomic approach, this study presents mitochondrial CO1 barcodes for 468 of the 735 so far described Lauri-Macaronesian weevil (Curculionoidea) species and subspecies in 1388 samples. A Bayesian tree (electronic supplement) provides insights into within-species relationships, without aiming at phylogenetic accuracy above genus level. With the exception of a few discussed cases, the present dataset of DNA barcodes allows a reliable re-identification and remarkable differentiation of species and will accelerate the discovery of new weevil species from the Canary, Madeira and Azores archipelagos. Only in a single case, the similar species Rhinoncus castor and R. bruchoides (Ceutorhynchinae) from Madeira, did the molecular (re)identification reveal an unresolvable contradiction with our morphological species identification. In many cases, morphological determinations were bolstered by comparisons with the type material. Sequenced specimens were mounted and deposited in a reference collection for later re-determinations.
Description of a new species and new faunistic records of the genus Anomala Samouelle (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae) from China and neighboring regions
Authors: Wang Fa-Lei , Zorn Carsten
Published: October 2021

Anomala xiongi Wang & Zorn spec. nov. is described from Yunnan, China. This new species can be distinguished from all other known Anomala species by conspicuous long erect setae rising from the primary costae of elytra. Additionally, ten new distributional records of Anomala species from China and neighboring countries are provided.

Nomenclatural act

Anomala xiongi Wang & Zorn spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F10AD66D-BEF8-41E2-B22D-42D0492D9E95
Estimating ferric iron content in clinopyroxene using machine learning models
Authors: Huang Wei-hua , Lyu Yang , Du Ming-hao , He Can , Gao Shang-de , Xu Ren-jun , Xia Qun-ke , ZhangZhou J
Published: October 2021

Clinopyroxene ferric iron content is an important consideration for garnet-clinopyroxene geothermometry and estimations of water storage in the Earth’s interior but remains difficult and expensive to measure. Here, we develop seven classic algorithms and machine learning methods to estimate Fe3+/ΣFe in clinopyroxene using major element data from electron microprobe analyses. The models were first trained using a large data set of clinopyroxene Fe3+/ΣFe values determined by Mössbauer spectroscopy and spanning a wide compositional range, with major uncertainties ranging from 0.25 to 0.3 and root-mean-square errors on the test data set ranging from 0.071 to 0.089. After dividing the entire data set into three compositional sub-data sets, the machine learning models were trained and compared for each sub-data set. Our results suggest that ensemble learning algorithms (random forest and Extra-Trees) perform better than principal component analysis-based elastic net polynomial, artificial neural network, artificial neural network ensemble, decision trees, and linear regressions. Using a sub-data set excluding clinopyroxene in spinel peridotite and omphacite in eclogite, the new models achieved uncertainties of 0.15 to 0.2 and root-mean-square errors on the test data set ranging from 0.051 to 0.078, decreasing prediction errors by 30–40%. By incorporating compositional data on coexisting spinel, new models for clinopyroxene in spinel peridotite show improved performance, indicating the interaction between spinel and clinopyroxene in spinel peridotite. Feature importance analysis shows Na+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ to be the most important for predicting Fe3+ content, supporting the coupled substitution between Ca2+-M2+ and Na+-M3+ in natural clinopyroxenes. The application of our models to garnet-clinopyroxene geothermometry greatly improves temperature estimates, achieving uncertainties of ±50 °C, compared with uncertainties of ±250 °C using previous models assuming all Fe as Fe2+ or calculating Fe3+ by charge conservation. Differences in the ferric iron contents, as calculated using the machine learning models, of clinopyroxenes that did or did not experience hydrogen diffusion during their crystallization from basaltic magma support a redox-driven mechanism for hydrogen diffusion in clinopyroxene.
THORACOSCOPIC EXCISION OF SYMPTOMATIC ESOPHAGEAL DUPLICATION CYST IN ADULT POPULATION-EXPERIENCE FROM A TERTIARY CARE CENTER
Authors: Subramanian Sankar , Shah Niket , Yesaswy Neelendra , Kumar P. Suresh
Published: October 2021

Gastrointestinal duplications are rare congenital anomalies in children. The most common site being jejunum and ileum, followed by mediastinum, colon, stomach, duodenum and rectum. Esophageal duplication cysts accounts for twenty percent. Majority of them are detected in childhood and treated. A very small percentage can present in adult population posing diagnostic challenges due to the clinical presentations. Minimal access surgery has obviated the need for thoracotomy. Herein we share our experience of treating four symptomatic esophageal duplication cysts in adults, by minimally invasive approach.
Constructive description of Hölder classes on some multidimensional compact sets
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Pavlov Dmitriy A.
Published: October 2021

We give a constructive description of Hölder classes of functions on certain compacts in Rm (m > 3) in terms of a rate of approximation by harmonic functions in shrinking neighborhoods of these compacts. The considered compacts are a generalization to the higher dimensions of compacts that are subsets of a chord-arc curve in R3. The size of the neighborhood is directly related to the rate of approximation it shrinks when the approximation becomes more accurate. In addition to being harmonic in the neighborhood of the compact the approximation functions have a property that looks similar to Hölder condition. It consists in the fact that the difference in values at two points is estimated in terms of the size of the neighborhood, if the distance between these points is commensurate with the size of the neighborhood (and therefore it is estimated in terms of the distance between the points).
Asymptotically almost periodic solutions of fractional evolution equations
Authors:   VNU University of Education, Vietnam National University, Nguyen Duc Huy , Vu Trong Luong ,   VNU University of Education, Vietnam National University
Published: October 2021

We study the asymptotic behavior of solutions of nonlinear fractional evolution equations in Banach spaces. Asymptotically almost periodic solutions on half line are obtained by establishing a sharp estimate on the resolvent operator family of evolution equations. In particular, when the semigroup generated by A is exponentially stable then the conditions of the existence asymptotically almost periodic solutions is satisfied. An application to a fractional partial differential equation with initial boundary condition is also considered.
Expert and media discourses around the second space race between Russia, the U.S. and other countries
Authors:   Institute for the U.S. and Canadian Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Koshkin Pavel G.
Published: October 2021

The article deals with expert and media discourses around the second space race between Russia, the US and other countries. This is relevant today because America’s recent achievements in space exploration have intensified the discussion of another wave of competition among countries in Russian and Western media and think tanks. For example, the successful launches of the manned spacecraft Crew Dragon by Elon Musk to the International Space Station in 2020–2021 and the Perseverance rover’s landing on Mars in February 2021 put a spotlight on the new space race, with numerous media outlets and think tanks commenting on this topic. The novelty of the article lies in the fact that the author makes an attempt to analyze the problem of rivalry and cooperation in outer space through the lens of critical discourse analysis and survey, as well as through the perspective of international relations theory, particularly, through the conflict of realism and liberalism or idealism. The author comes to the conclusion that realists tend to aggravate the situation and define the current state of relations in space exploration as a new space race among global powers, while liberals use more accurate and restrained language such as “space rivalry” or “competition”. Realists are more skeptical toward cooperation in space exploration between competing powers like Russia and the US because of their political contradictions, while idealistic liberals pin their hopes on such a partnership.
“As janelas vitrais do século XXI” em meio ambientes sociolinguísticos cada vez mais complexos: as pichações e os grafites na cidade de Juiz de Fora/MG
Authors: Soares Mariana Schuchter , Peters Salgado Ana Claudia
Published: October 2021

Este trabalho, que é parte do projeto de pesquisa A mobilidade social e suas implicações na paisagem linguística de Juiz de Fora/MG, aprovado no Edital 01/2015 - Demanda Universal/Fapemig, tem como objetivo discutir questões relacionadas à mobilidade dos signos, cujas formas viajam frequentemente sem problemas, enquanto outros recursos, tais como indexicalidade, significados e valor social acabam ganhando novos contornos em novos contextos. Para isso, utilizamos as teorias de Vertovec (2007) sobre superdiversidade, de Blommaert (2010, 2012, 2013) sobre globalização e superdiversidade, e de Kroon, Jie e Blommaert (2011) sobre textos que se movem. Nesse sentido, analisamos fotografias de pichações e grafites encontrados pela cidade de Juiz de Fora/MG, buscando demonstrar como a superdiversidade, e de Kroon, Jie e Blommaert (2011) sobre textos que se movem. Nesse sentido, analisamos  fotografias de pichações e grafites encontrados pela cidade de Juiz de Fora/MG, buscando demonstrar como a superdiversidade, produto de movimentos migratórios e do desenvolvimento da tecnologia, pode ser vivenciada através de repertórios comunicativos cada vez mais diversificados.
De que modo a gramática pode contribuir para a funcionalidade do ensino de língua materna?
Authors: Lima Maria Auxiliadora Ferreira
Published: October 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo refletir sobre o ensino de gramáticanas aulas de língua materna dentro de uma abordagem que focaliza afuncionalidade deste ensino. Se partirmos do princípio de que os trêspilares básicos do ensino de língua materna atuam sobre um elementocomum, o texto, que tem como alvo a construção e a reconstruçãode significação, a sala de aula requer um espaço para uma reflexãosobre a gramática enquanto elemento imprescindível na organizaçãodos enunciados, do texto. Tendo em vista essa perspectiva,situamosinicialmente alguns pressupostos teóricos básicos da Teoria das OperaçõesEnunciativas de Antoine Culioli (1990, 2002) para o desenvolvimentoda reflexão tais como a concepção de linguagem enquanto atividade,o conceito de noção, estabilidade e deformabilidade, para em seguida,mostrarmos, a partir do agenciamento de marcas gramaticais, como sedá a construção de sentido da piada em alguns textos que se configuramnesse gênero. Analisaremos, assim, 12 piadas, buscando mostrar comodeterminadas marcas léxico-gramaticais contribuíram para a construçãodas mesmas, gerando a deformabilidade. Concomitante ao processo deconstrução da piada, exploraremos sua desconstrução, demonstrandocomo este tipo de atividade contribui para que o aluno perceba quea gramática articulada ao léxico está a serviço do texto, ou seja, daconstrução/desconstrução de seu sentido.
Entre o amargor e a doçura: as imagens literárias da vespa e da abelha em poemas de Gilka Machado e Juana de Ibarbourou
Authors: Arao Lina
Published: October 2021

Em um cenário de mudanças, como o que marcou o final do século XIX e início do XX na América Latina, as mulheres vão ganhando alguma abertura para uma incipiente participação no âmbito público, mas ainda permanecem os cerceamentos sociais e políticos, principalmente no tocante ao corpo feminino. Nesse contexto, surgem importantes obras poéticas de autoras que, embora conhecidas, não receberam, por muito tempo, uma maior atenção dos estudos acadêmicos, como a brasileira Gilka Machado e a uruguaia Juana de Ibarbourou. Este texto propõe apresentar uma leitura comparativa entre dois poemas – “Beijo” e “Las cuatro alas de abeja” –, cada qual pertencente ao livro de estreia das respectivas poetisas, levando em conta figuras literárias presentes nas duas composições – a da vespa e da abelha. A partir dessas imagens, trata-se de investigar os pontos de contato e de dissensão entre as duas poesias, sobretudo no que concerne à construção e afirmação de uma subjetividade poética.
Devaneio e Embriaguez duma Rapariga de Clarice Lispector e o entrelaçamento com o mito de Narciso
Authors: Duarte Leite Silva Maria da Luz , Leite Soares Francisco Igo
Published: October 2021

Buscamos compreender como o mito do duplo, especificamente o de Narciso se apresenta no conto Devaneio e Embriaguez duma Rapariga de Clarice Lispector, sobretudo, como o modo da atualização do referido mito se relaciona na representação da identidade dos personagens. Respaldamo-nos em alguns postulados teóricos: Rosset (2000), Jung (2008), Gotlib (1994), Cavalcanti (1992), Lowen (1983), dentre outros. Esperamos compreender como as marcas do duplo se configuram na prosa lispectoriana, observando que o espelho, no conto em questão, instiga uma forma de apropriação metafórica do mito de Narciso. Optamos por observar o modo de configuração da identidade das personagens, atentos aos indícios do mito de Narciso expressos através de metáforas como o espelho, o olhar, a maquiagem, dentre outros. Constatamos que a personagem central apresenta-se em constante busca de sua identidade.
Práticas avaliativas no ensino de inglês para alunos com deficiência múltipla: explorando a inteireza do possível
Authors: Dantas Rosycléa
Published: October 2021

As discussões acerca da avaliação escolar é algo que há muito tempo perpassa os estudos sobre trabalho docente no Brasil (LUCKESI, 2000; HOFFMANN, 2001). Essas discussões ganham novas cores com o processo de inclusão escolar, em que começamos a tecer reflexões sobre práticas avaliativas com alunos com deficiência na escola regular (BRASIL, 2006; TEIXEIRA e NUNES, 2014). Assim, este artigo, fundamentando-se na perspectiva histórico-cultural de Vygotsky (1993[1945]), objetiva discutir como uma professora de língua inglesa compreende o processo de avaliação com um aluno com deficiência múltipla (DM). A professora evidencia especificidades envolvidas nas práticas avaliativas com seu aluno com DM e, também, a necessidade de acreditarmos que o ensino de inglês para esses alunos é possível.
Pharmacokinetic Study of Hypaphorine, a Potential Agent for Treating
Osteoclast-based Bone Loss, on Rats Using LC-MS/MS
Authors: Zhang Taiyuan , Xiong Shan , Yan Yan , Xue Yutao , Ran Wenwen , Xu Qiao
Published: October 2021

Aim and Objective:

A high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
(LC-MS/MS) method for determining hypaphorine, a potential agent for treating osteoclast-
based bone loss, was developed and validated in rat plasma.

Materials and Methods:

Plasma samples were pretreated by the protein precipitation. Chromatographic
separation was performed using an Inertsil ODS-3 column (50 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm). The
mobile phase consisted of water (containing 0.1% formic acid) and acetonitrile in a gradient mode
at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. The transitions from protonated precursor ion [M + H]+ to the particular
daughter ion were acquired using selected reaction monitoring (SRM). The mass transitions
of hypaphorine and IS were found to be 247 → 188 and m/z 219 → 188, respectively. The method
was validated in terms of selectivity, linearity, accuracy and precision, extraction recovery and matrix
effect, stability, and carryover.

Results:

It showed good linearity over the range of 1-2000 ng/mL (R2 = 0.9978). The intra-batch
accuracy was within 93.95-105.81%, and the precision was within 4.92-11.53%. The inter-batch
accuracy was within 96.18-100.39% with a precision of 6.22-11.23%. The extraction recovery and
matrix factors were acceptable.

Conclusion:

The simple and rapid method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study
in rats following oral administration of hypaphorine at the doses of 0.5, 1.5, and 4.5 mg/kg.
A Comparative Computational Analysis Approach to Predict Significant
Protein-Protein Interactions of Human and Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus
faecalis (VRE) to Prioritize Potential Drug Targets
Authors: Uddin Reaz , Khan Kanwal
Published: October 2021

Background:

Various challenges exist in the treatment of infectious diseases due to the significant
rise in drug resistance, resulting in the failure of antibiotic treatment. As a consequence, a dire need
has arisen for the rethinking of the drug discovery cycle because of the challenge of drug resistance. The
underlying cause of the infectious diseases depends upon associations within the Host-pathogen Protein-
Protein Interactions (HP-PPIs) network, which represents a key to unlock new pathogenesis mechanisms.
Hence, the elucidation of significant PPIs is a promising approach for the identification of potential drug
targets.

Objective:

Identification of the most significant HP-PPIs and their partners, and targeting them to prioritize
potential new drug targets against Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VRE).

Methods:

We applied a computational approach based on one of the emerging techniques i.e. Interolog
methodology to predict the significant Host-Pathogen PPIs. Structure-Based Studies were applied to
model shortlisted protein structures and validate them through PSIPRED, PROCHECK, VERIFY3D, and
ERRAT tools. Furthermore, 18,000 drug-like compounds from the ZINC library were docked against
these proteins to study protein-chemical interactions using the AutoDock based molecular docking method.

Results:

The study resulted in the identification of 118 PPIs for Enterococcus faecalis, and prioritized two
novel drug targets i.e. Exodeoxyribonuclease (ExoA) and ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit
(ClpP). Consequently, the docking program ranked 2,670 and 3,154 compounds as potential binders
against Exodeoxyribonuclease and ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit, respectively.

Conclusion:

Thereby, the current study enabled us to identify and prioritize potential PPIs in VRE and
their interacting proteins in human hosts along with the pool of novel drug candidates.
The Development of an e-platform to Strengthen Nursing in Kazakhstan: A Systematic Review and a Delphi Study to Define Requirements
Authors: Dijkman Bea , Oosterhoff Alberta , Akanov Amangali , Paans Wolter
Published: October 2021

Background:

To strengthen nursing in Kazakhstan, an e-platform has been developed to support knowledge sharing and collaboration in nursing education, nursing research, and clinical practice.

Objective:

This study aims to identify and prioritize requirements for an e-platform to strengthen nursing in the trinity of nursing education, nursing research, and clinical practice.

Methods:

The research was conducted using an exploratory sequential mixed-method design, including a systematic review and a Delphi study. The systematic review utilized search terms concerning nursing, e-platform, research, and education. The Delphi study included two rounds of questionnaires among a panel of Kazakh and European experts. Outcomes were analyzed using content validity ratios and level of consensus thresholds.

Results:

The systematic review generated eight studies and identified nine categories of requirements to be covered by four groups in the Delphi study. These four groups were content-related, functional, usability, and technical requirements. The study generated 52 essential and 15 useful requirements, which are common in the literature and in experts’ opinions.

Conclusion:

The list of requirements is well embedded in the literature as well as in the national context of nursing in Kazakhstan. Therefore, the e-platform developed according to these requirements will contribute to improving the trinity of nursing education, research, and practice. Although the list is context-specific, when validated by a panel of experts, it is universally applicable when developing e-platforms for nursing.
Cross-cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Childbirth Fear Prior to Pregnancy Scale in Brazil
Authors: Tomazin Kelly Jaqueline da Costa Galinari , Miot Hélio Amante , Stoll Kathrin , Gonçalves Ivana Regina , Spiri Wilza Carla , Felipe Tânia Roberta Limeira , Jamas Milena Temer
Published: October 2021

Background:

The fear of childbirth can range from apprehension to intense fear (tokophobia), with serious consequences for maternal health. Therefore, a standardized scale is needed to measure the fear of childbirth before pregnancy.

Objective:

This study aimed to adapt the Childbirth Fear Prior to Pregnancy (CFPP) scale to the Brazilian context and analyse its validity and reliability.

Methods:

A cross-sectional survey was completed by 146 nursing students at two Brazilian universities. A committee of experts evaluated the cross-cultural adaptation of the CFPP scale. Construct validity was verified using item-total correlations and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). The validity of divergent concurrent criteria was evaluated by associating the score obtained using the Brazilian CFPP with the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Reliability was analysed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and test-retest.

Results:

Correlation analysis revealed a predominance of moderate inter-item correlation and strong item-total correlation (>0.62). The EFA indicated that all items related to a single factor, with factor loadings and communalities >0.5. These results reinforced the one-dimensionality of the Brazilian CFPP. The validity of divergent concurrent criteria was confirmedviaweak correlations with DASS-21 scores (r = 0.32, p < 0.001). The Cronbach’s alpha (0.86) and the intra-class correlation coefficient (0.99) indicated reliability and strong temporal stability, respectively.

Conclusion:

The Brazilian version of the CFPP provides evidence of validity and reliability to measure fear of childbirth before pregnancy in young adults in Brazil.