bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Construction of the Contemporary “Security Community” in the Context of the Challenges of the Russian-Ukrainian War
Authors: Nechaieva-Yuriichuk Nataliia
Published: January 2023

Russia’s large-scale military invasion in Ukraine on February 24, 2022 became a marker of the geopolitical fracture that the world community is experiencing today. In our opinion this fracture is primarily characterized by an open struggle between authoritarianism and democracy. And the result of the current war, in our opinion, is primarily a question of the future world order, in which security as a key category acquires special importance in a humanistic dimension and context.
The security challenges of the first half of the 20th century prompted politicians-practitioners, scientists-theoreticians to search for effective models of the security system both at the regional and global levels. The creation and activity of the League of Nations became the starting point for realizing the risks and threats of “unanimity” in proceeding important geopolitical decisions. Therefore, the creation of the UN, whose Security Council acts according to the principle of “qualified” unanimity, was supposed to protect the world community from repeating the horrors of the world wars. However, as we can see, this principle has become the “stumbling block” that today proves the ineffectiveness of the UN as an international organization that should ensure peace in the world. The Russian invasion of Ukraine is a direct threat to the existing system of international security. In this context we draw attention to the concept of “security community”, which in modern conditions can become the foundation of a new architecture of the world order.
Analisis Jenis-Jenis Kerusakan pada Charger Handphone dengan Menggunakan Multimeter Digital dan Osiloskop Sebagai Alat Pengujiannya
Authors: Pauzan Muh , Yanti Indri
Published: January 2023

Charger handphone adalah alat yang dimiliki oleh hampir setiap orang. Jika terjadi kerusakan maka masyarakat cenderung akan membuangnya dan membeli yang baru. Tapi di sisi lain charger yang rusak terse-but akan menambah limbah elektronik. Charger tersebut dapat dimanfaatkan kembali dengan cara memper-baikinya. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis jenis-jenis kerusakan pada charger handphone kemudian mengganti komponen yang diindikasikan rusak dengan komponen baru. Terdapat tiga tahap pengolahan sinyal pada charger handphone. Tahap pertama adalah penyearahan sumber alternating current (AC) dari PLN menjadi sumber direct current (DC). Pada tahap ini komponen yang digunakan berupa dioda dan kapasitor. Tahap kedua adalah tahap pensaklaran (switching), dihasilkan tegangan AC dengan frekuensi tinggi (orde kilohertz). Pada tahap ini komponen yang digunakan pada charger non-smartphone adalah transistor, kapasitor dan resistor, selain itu digunakan optocoupler untuk menjaga tegangan output 5V tetap stabil. Sedangkan untuk charger smartphone digunakan IC daya tanpa menggunakan optocoupler. Tahap ketiga adalah menurunkah amplitudo sinyal AC kemudian dirubah ke bentuk DC. Pada tahap ini digunakan transformer, dioda dan kapasitor. Berdasarkan enam belas charger rusak yang berhasil dikumpul-kan (enam charger non-smartphone, sepuluh charger smartphone), lima dari enam charger non-smartphone mengalami kerusakan pada optocoupler, sedangkan pada charger smartphone lima dari sepuluh sampel men-galami kerusakan pada kabel USB.  Dua mengalami kerusakan pada kapasitor, dua mengalami kerusakan pa-da dioda dan satu sampel sisanya mengalami kerusakan pada fuse (sekring). Digunakan multimeter digital untuk mengecek kerusakan komponen tersebut, diagnosa kerusakan tersebut valid karena setelah komponen yang dianggap rusak diganti dengan yang baru, charger berfungsi normal.
Hubungan Kebiasaan Makan dengan Kejadian Anemia pada Remaja Putri di Desa Poowo Barat Kabupaten Bone Bolango
Authors: Waluyo Darmayanti , Daud Ayudhita Cahyani
Published: January 2023

Remaja putri berisiko mengalami anemia disebabkan oleh asupan gizi yang rendah dipicu oleh kebiasaan makan remaja yang tidak sehat. Anemia suatu keadaan dimana terjadinya penurunan kuantitas sel-sel darah merah bersirkulasi atau jumlah hemoglobin (Hb) berada dibawah batas normal. Asupan zat gizi yang kurang menyebabkan remaja putri rawan mengalami anemia Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kebiasaan makan dengan kejadiaan anemia pada remaja putri di Desa Poowo Barat Kab Bone Bolango. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional. Penggumpulan data menggunkan lembar antropometri, Food Recall dan Formulir Food Frequency. Hasil penelitian menunjukan yang anemia sebanyak 7 orang (14%), yang tidak anemia sebanyak 43 (86%). Hasil analisis lebih lanjut menggunakan Chisquare menunjukan bahwa ada hubungan kebiasaan makan dengan kejadian anemia pada remaja putri di Desa Poowo Barat dengan P-value=0,00 (α=0,05). Kesimpulan penelitian ini ada hubungan kebiasaan makan dengan kejadian anemia pada remaja putri di Desa Poowo Barat. Saran diharapkan kepada remaja putri perlu memperhatikan pola konsumsi makanan yang sesuai dengan gizi seimbang.
Faktor-faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Stunting Di Kecamatan Bulango Ulu Kabupaten Bone Bolango
Authors: Rahim Eman , Amma Yeyen A.
Published: January 2023

Stunting merupakan masalah gizi yang perlu mendapat perhatian khusus dari semua kalangan mengingat dampak yang di timbulkannya terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan balita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting di Kecamatan Bulango Ulu Kabupaten Bone Bolango tahun 2021. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan  Cross Sectional Study. Berdasarkan analisis uji chi-square diperoleh hasil yaitu terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara faktor risiko panjang badan lahir, berat badan lahir, ASI eksklusif dan inisiasi menyusu dini dengan kejadian stunting dengan nilai P-value <0,05, ke empat faktor tersebut terdapat hubungan yang signifikan dikarenakan keadaan gizi yang kurang akibat kekurangan energi dan protein yang diderita dimasa lampau. Diharapkan bagi pemerintah Kecamatan Bulango Ulu lebih meningkatkan penyuluhan terkait pemberian ASI eksklusif dan pelaksanaan iniasi menyusu dini serta pemenuhan gizi ibu pada saat hamil untuk mengatasi permasalahan stunting di Kecamatan Bulango Ulu
Potential of multi-strain probiotics extract as an anti-inflammatory agent through inhibition of macrophage migration inhibitory factor activity
Authors: Nyotohadi Denny , Go Tjie Kok
Published: January 2023

Background: Probiotics are reported to have a role for improving health conditions and reduce the risk of diseases associated with inflammation. However, how they affect inflammation has not been well studied. The inflammation occurs during the progression of chronic diseases could damage the normal function of cells, tissues, and organs. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is recognized as a cytokine playing a key role in the inflammation process. Inhibition of its activity has been used by researchers as an approach for alleviating the inflammation. This study aims to evaluate the potential inhibitory effect of the extract of multi-strain probiotics consisting of Lactobacillus casei EMRO 002, L. casei EMRO 213, L. plantarum EMRO 009, L. fermentum EMRO 211, L. rhamnosus EMRO 014, L. bulgaricus EMRO 212,and Rhodopseudomonas palustris EMRO 201 on MIF tautomerase activity, the reversibility, and the mechanism of inhibition. Hence, the scope of this study is the evaluation of the functional characteristics of multi-strain probiotics extract on MIF activity.Methods:The multi-strain probiotics were centrifuged and the supernatant was separated from the pellet. The supernatant, i.e. the extract, was mixed with MIF and analyzed for its inhibition effect on MIF tautomerase activity. The reversibility of inhibition was evaluated by preincubation and dilution assays, and the mechanism of inhibition was determined by kinetic evaluation.Results:The multi-strain probiotics extract inhibited MIF tautomerase activity with an IC50 of 7.80 ± 1.96 mg/L. The preincubation and dilution assays showed that the inhibition is reversible, and the kinetic evaluation predicted that the extract components might bind to the enzyme active site and other site(s) of MIF.Conclusion:The findings show that the extract was able to inhibit MIF tautomerase activity reversibly and its components might bind to the enzyme active site and other site(s) of MIF suggest that the multi-strain probiotics extract has potential to be used as an anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of chronic diseases associated with inflammation.Keywords: Multi-strain probiotics, anti-inflammatory, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, reversible inhibition, kinetic evaluation.
Photocatalytic gypsum plasters – studies of air cleaning properties and selected technical parameters
Authors: Zając Kamila , Rucińska Teresa , Morawski Antoni , Janus Magdalena
Published: January 2023

The use of limestone in lime and clinker production respectively represents one of the biggest industrial branches worldwide. Decarbonization is a crucial part of the burning process. No clear prediction method of the decarbonisation heat for a particular limestone, even in a relative scale, has been published yet. In the presented research, ten diverse very pure limestone samples from neoproterozoic up to cretaceous were studied by means of light microscopy, powder XRD and differential scanning calorimetry. The samples showed similar mineralogical compositions and relatively close calcite crystallinity including mean crystals size, but very different microstructures and the crystals sizes. DSC was used to measure and compare the heat of different limestones decarbonisation. With the exception of three samples with extremely dense or coarse microstructure, a strong correlation of 0.95 according to the Pearson test between mean size of calcite crystals and the value of the decarbonisation heat was found.
Construction and Demolition Wastes: specific conditions for recycling in North West Europe
Authors: Delvoie Simon , Courard Luc , Hubert Julien , Zhao Zengfeng , Michel Frederic
Published: January 2023

The Construction and Demolition Wastes [C&DW] are estimated at one-third of the total wastes generated in the European Union and represent the main fl ux in volume. Inert materials, e.g. concrete, bricks, tiles and ceramics constitute the largest fraction of construction and demolition wastes. These wastes can be recovered as secondary raw materials after a recycling process, resulting in the production of recycled sands and aggregates. The market for recycled sands and aggregates is, however, complex and sensitive. It can be affected by many parameters and may be very variable from one region to another, even in the same country. A quantitative analysis of the market is carried out in fi ve North West European countries: Belgium, France, Germany, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands. For achieving this analysis, attention is paid to the following data/parameters: generation of inert construction and demolition wastes, production of recycled sands and aggregates and production of natural sands and aggregates. Since the market of recycled products is also governed by transportation costs, mainly transported by road, the study has also compiled data on the density of recycling plants for construction and demolition wastes, the density of pits and quarries extracting natural materials, the density of inert landfi lls and taxes applied for C&DW landfi lling. National/regional legislation and requirements are also included in the analysis. Based on the compiled data and objective reasons, it is observed that the market of recycled sands and aggregates is more developed and more suitable in the Netherlands and in Flanders [North of Belgium] than in the other investigated countries/regions.
The rheology of cement pastes with addition of hydrated lime and cellulose ether in comparison with selected properties of plastering mortars
Authors: Spychał Edyta
Published: January 2023

The article presents the results of the investigation on pastes and cement mortars modified with lime and cellulose ether. Rheological measurements of pastes included yield stress and plastic viscosity. For mortars, bulk density, air content, shrinkage and water retention value were determined. Setting and hardening process was tested by the ultrasonic method, completed with a compressive strength test. The test results confirmed the beneficial effect of hydrated lime and cellulose ether addition on the properties of fresh plaster. The addition of cellulose ether increased the water retention coefficient by at least 10% compared to mortars without cellulose ether. The effect of cellulose ether on water retention in mortar was more significant than that of hydrated lime. Both cellulose ether and/or hydrated lime causes setting retardation as well as decrease the rate of hardening. Compressive strength is decreased while shrinkage deformation is reduced.
A study on fl y ash cement mortar as brick masonry
Authors: Seshu D. , Murthy N.R.D.
Published: January 2023

The influence of cement replacement by fly ash in brick masonry strength was experimentally verifi ed in the paper. The obtained results have shown that the replacement in rich in cement mortars is possible up to 40%, without unfavorable effect on mortars properties. However, this replacement can have unfavorable infl uence on mortar strength in the case of leaner cement mortars and the replacement in these mortars must be limited and hence the fl y ash addition may not be useful. The use of high strength bricks allows the use of mortar mixes with higher level of cement replacement by fly ash as well ias n rich and lean mixes. A minimum 20% of cement can be replaced by fl y ash. The use of high strength bricks in combination with rich mortar mixes the cement can be replaced with fly ash to the maximum extent, without affecting the strength of brick masonry. In this case the replacement can be about 40 %. The application of fl y ash in masonry has a very favorable effect on environment because it is a useful developed of this waste.
Experimental study of strength, pore structure and phase evolution characteristics of iron tailings cemented paste backfill under high-temperature
Authors: Tang Jianhui , Li Ping , Chen Xudong , Bai Yin
Published: January 2023

With the deepening of mining depth, the geothermal temperature faced by the pit backfill is getting higher and higher, so the spontaneous combustion probability of sulfur-bearing minerals increases. In addition, sudden fires can expose the backfill to high temperatures, which will endanger the structural safety of the backfill. Therefore, in order to fully understand the mechanical response and pore structure evolution characteristics of backfills under high-temperature loading, the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of backfills with different ages: 7 days, 28 days and 60 days and cement-tailings ratios: 1:6, 1:8 and 1:10 were tested using high-temperature furnace to simulate different temperature loads: 100, 200, 400, 600 and 800°C. The pore structure characteristics of the backfill after high temperature are analyzed by mercury intrusion porosimetry. To further understand the mechanism of backfill transformation at high temperature, the phase evolution characteristics of iron tailings and cementitious materials are analyzed by X-ray diffractometer and differential ther-mal/thermogravimetric analyzer. The results show that the strength and pore structure of iron tailings backfi ll at high temperature are related to the curing age. The strength and most probable pore size of backfill cured at 7 days increased fi rst and then decreased with the increase of temperature. Among them, the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength reached their peak values at 200°C and 100°C, respectively. While after 28 days, the pore size increased with the increase of high temperature, and the strength of backfill decreased continuously with increasing temperature. No matter what age of backfill is, it almost loses its tensile strength after being subjected to a high temperature above 400°C. These characteristics are closely related to the expansion of mica in iron tailings and the dehydration and decomposition of cementing material hydration products, such as ettringite and C-S-H phase at high temperature.
Performance of ground granulated blast-furnace slag based engineered cementitious composites
Authors: Arivusudar N. , Suresh Babu S.
Published: January 2023

Engineered Cementitious Composites are belonging to the ultra-high performance fiber reinforced composites. Engineered Cemen-titious Composites are composed of fine grained ingredients like cement, fine sand, fly ash, but don’t coarse aggregate. Presence of cement in the typical Engineered Cementitious Composites mix is nearly 1000 kilograms per cubic meter, which make this material to keep far from the sustainability. The content of fly ash in the mix improves the performance of mechanical properties and durability, however, the percentage of replacement of cement has the optimum up to 30 to 40 %. In this study, an attempt is made to add granulated blast furnace slag to Engineered Cementitious Composites mix replacing the cement, along with fly ash. Five different mix proportions are used in this investigation, from 10%, to 50%, at 10% intervals of the granulated blastfurnace slag, replacing cement. The content of granulated blast-furnace slag exhibit remarkable achievement in the mechanical parameters and impact toughness.
Mechanical properties and microstructure of cement multicomponent systems containing pozzolan materials under sulfate attack
Authors: Güzelküçük Selahattin , Demir İlhami , Sevim Özer , Kalkan İlker
Published: January 2023

Sulfates are a significant chemical components that may lead to failures of cement concrete composites. The present study is dedicated to analyzing the effects of sulfate on the microstructure of cement composite mortars. For this purpose, cementing composite specimens were prepared with 20% pozzolan mixture [fly ash + granulated blastfurnace slag + bottom ash] by mass of cement, together with the reference additive-free specimen of cement concrete, without any mineral admixtures. These cementing composite mortar specimens were then treated for 2, 7, 28, 90, and 360 days in tap water and 10% sodium sulfate solution. The microstructure of the additive-free mortar and composite cement mortar, partially replaced with 20% pozzolan, was then investigated using a scanning electron microscope. The results showed that increasing curing time also increases the formation of C-S-H [calcium silicate hydrate] gel in the cement mortar, when the microstructural changes in the cement are explored in detail. Ettringite formation [3CaO·Al2O3·3CaSO4·32H2O] in the specimens cured in 10% Na2SO4 was also noticed, in the present experiments.
Study of compressive strength of gypsum with graphene addition
Authors: Serna Luis M. , Perez Joaquin J. Pastor , Flores Yepes Jose A.
Published: January 2023

Gypsum plasters are related to the use of new additives that allow changing the setting time and the water content of the mixture and also the possibility of applying different aggregates in the mortars, that improve their properties. The objectives on which we have focused in this study, is one of those mechanical properties, the compressive strength, of the mixture of gypsum with graphene, in different proportions, performing the tests by standard methods. Significant results have been obtained comparing the properties of compressive strength of the gypsum plaster without addition, with the results obtained for the gypsum plasters with graphene, in different proportions. Graphene gives a 12% increase in compressive strength.
Effect of the alkali-activated binder on plant growth
Authors: Gołek Łukasz , Guła Anna
Published: January 2023

Alkali-activated binders are increasingly being used to produce the prefabricated building materials used in the natural environment. The purpose of this work was to determine the effect of the slag-alkali binder on the growth of two plants: rye and chives. Selected plants were subjected to biometric analysis and macroscopic evaluation. The pH of the soil, the content of sodium ions in the soil, and the plants were also determined. Based on the results of the tests, it was found that the slag binder activated with the NaOH solution does not negatively affect the development course of the plants. It was also examined whether the type of plants, due to the uptake of minerals, influences the change in the compression strength of the tested mortars.
Reactive powder concrete with the blastfurnace slag cement
Authors: Janus Grzegorz , Grzeszczyk Stefania
Published: January 2023

The paper presents the results of tests of the reactive powder concrete [RPC] obtained from the CEM III/A 42.5 N LH/HSR/NA blast furnace slag cement, containing about 60 % of granulated blast furnace slag. The optimisation of the concrete mix composition, aimed at obtaining the largest particle packing in the composite, was carried out based on Funk’s optimal particle size distribution curve. A low water to binder ratio of 0.2 was obtained by using a superplasticiser based on polycarboxylates. It has been shown that it is possible to obtain, under normal conditions, RPC with the use of slag cement, containing 2.0% vol. of steel fibres, with a compressive strength of about 200 MPa and a flexural strength of about 57 MPa, after 180 days of curing. The water absorption of this concrete is only 2.4%, and the results of freeze-thaw resistance tests allow to assessing the freeze-thaw resistance of this concrete as very good, according to the standard SS 13 72 44. RPC has a compact microstructure and the identified C-S-H phase shows a low C/S ratio.
Investigations on the resistivity of XD3 reinforced concrete for chloride ions and corrosion with calcium nitrate inhibitor and superplasticizers
Authors: Abbas Abdulsada Shaymaa , Török Tamás
Published: January 2023

This work presents a study of the total chloride contents in concrete and the corrosion process by testing electrical resistivity and half-cell potential of concrete samples. The analysis was based on an experimental investigation of the samples with the time of immersion in 3.5% mass NaCl aqueous solution at room temperature for 18 months, according to European Standards. For this study, different mixtures of concrete were prepared by adding two types of superplasticizers and calcium nitrate inhibitor, in different concentrations. The results of the Cl- ions test showed that all the samples, after an immersion testing period of six months, contained high concentrations of Cl- ions. Samples C4 with 3% calcium nitrate inhibitor and Oxydtron superplasticizer as well as C3 with 3% calcium nitrate inhibitor and Mapei Dynamon SR 31 superplasticizer, showed good resistance to corrosion, in the tested environment. It was also proved by the results of several sets of measurements of the electrical resistivity and half-cell potentials carried on the concrete test samples, to the end of the 18 months testing period.
Performance of multicomponent Portland cements containing granulated blast furnace slag, zeolite, and limestone
Authors: Sanytsky Myroslav , Usherov-Marshak Aleksander , Kropyvnytska Tetiana , Heviuk Iryna
Published: January 2023

The paper presents the results of research on the influence of granulated blast furnace slag, natural pozzolana [superzeolite], and limestone powder on the performance of multi-component cements. It was found that the synergistic combination of mineral additives of different genesis, taking into account the influence of the particle size distribution [PSD] by volume and surface area, as well as the determination of indicators of the influence of physical factors such as water demand, bleeding, pozzolanic activity, the heat of hydration on the set of properties of paste and concrete: workability, standard, and early strength, global warming potential, allows to obtain technologically optimized multi-component Portland cements. The results showed that the production of multi-component Portland cement with high early strength CEM II/B-M 42.5 R-LH ensures separate grinding of individual constituents, optimization of grain composition of slag, superzeolite, and limestone powder taking into account the PSD by surface area.
Properties of cementitious materials reinforced with alkali-resistant glass fibres as a suitable material for repair applications
Authors: Arabi Nourredine
Published: January 2023

The cement matrix reinforced with glass fibres was studied as a suitable material for the repair of damaged structures. Two approaches to mixture designs were tested: the first used a conventional mortar and the second with various cement-sand ratios to optimise the mixture. A compromise between the workability and high fibre ratio was achieved. Cement/sand ratio was found to be crucial for the workability of the mixes, with optimal values within the range 0.4-0.5. Three fibre lengths: 3, 6, and 12 mm were tested. Compression and flexural tests were carried out as well as the measurements of shrinkage evolution, which is a critical factor. Improvement was observed in the flexural behaviour of glass fi bres reinforced cement mortars when the fibre length was increased to 12 mm with a glass fibre content of 2%. However, the compressive strength decreased with higher fibre content.
Effect of copper slag on mechanical and durability aspects for different strength concretes
Authors: Velumani M , Kumar K. Nirmal
Published: January 2023

In the present study, the effect of copper slag on mechanical properties and durability aspects for Normal Strength Concrete [NSC], High Strength Concrete [HSC] and Ultra-High Strength Concrete [UHSC] mixes have been investigated. Copper slag, which is the by-product discharged from the copper manufacturing industry is replaced by fine aggregate in different proportions. It is observed from the studies that compressive strength has been significantly improved up to 60% replacement of fine aggregate by copper slag for all the mixes. Further, it is noted that even with 100% replace ment of fine aggregate by copper slag, the compressive strength is higher than for the control mix. Durability studies such as rapid chloride penetration test, water sorptivity test and water absorption test showed significant resistance to chloride penetration, sorptivity and water absorption. The reason for significant improvement in compressive strength and durability aspects could be attributed to both pozzolanic activity and filler effect over the cementitious matrix effectively.
Microstructure and properties of geopolymers formed in the alkali activation process of fly ash
Authors: Rajczyk Krystyna , Janus Grzegorz
Published: January 2023

The paper presents the results of the study on the possibility of obtaining high-strength durable geopolymer concrete with fly ash as the basic component. As a result of the research conducted, it was found that the highest potential to obtain geopolymer concrete with high strength was shown for fine-grained, specially selected siliceous ashes from coal combustion. However, the geopolymer concrete obtained by alkaline activation of these ashes with the 8M NaOH solution was not resistant to freeze-thaw cycles. Replacement of 15% fly ash with calcined waste clay and the use of the mixture of NaOH solution and water glass as an activator substantially increased the durability of this concrete. This modification of the concrete composition changed the microstructure of the matrix in the hardened concrete, since the cancrinite was found in the study.
Elevated temperature study on geopolymer concrete with ferrochrome slag aggregates
Authors: Indu P , Greeshma S.
Published: January 2023

This paper deals with the strength and mass loss of geopolymer concrete in comparison with conventional cement concrete after elevated temperature exposure. In this study, the coarse aggregates of the conventional geopolymer concrete are replaced partially (40%) with ferrochrome slag aggregates, to obtain the replacement mix of geopolymer concrete. The microstructure of geopolymer concrete was examined by XRD, X-ray tomography, and SEM and also discussed in this paper. The results concluded that after exposure at elevated temperature, the conventional cement concrete has a strength loss of about 18% higher than the geopolymer concrete. It was also noted that though replacement geopolymer mix exhibited the strength loss of 24.4% and mass loss of 1.35% higher than the conventional geopolymer mix, it had greater strength than conventional geopolymer mix, for most of the temperature ranges. Thus the replacement mix of geopolymer concrete behaves better than conventional geopolymer concrete, both at ambient and elevated temperature conditions.
Innovative technologies in the cement industry
Authors: Tuğrul Erdem R
Published: January 2023

The paper discusses several research projects on CO 2 capture, storage or usage [CCS/U] technologies in the cement industry. The technology of reducing CO2 emissions by capturing it from flue gases in a cement kiln installation has the greatest reduction poten- tial, but at the same time requires large investments and additional infrastructure for the transfer of captured CO 2 , and is associated with an increased demand for electricity in the cement plant. The article presents the research projects carried out in which various solutions for both CO 2 capture and its further usage were used.
Current situation and further development of AAC in Europe
Authors: Turski Robert , Rogala Wojciech
Published: January 2023

The article presents the current situation of the industry manufacturing autoclaved aerated concrete and the possibilities for further development. It presents a roadmap for the industry to achieve net-zero-emission during production and life cycle till 2050, and discusses the sources of carbon dioxide emissions in the production of AAC and methods, which can be taken to reduce them. The article also discusses ways to increase the competitiveness of the AAC manufacturing industry as well as current and future ways of using digitisation and mechanisation on construction sites.
Illness Perception, Perceived Social Support and Quality of Life in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients
Authors: Hameed Humera
Published: January 2023

The objective of the current study is to determine the relationship between illness perception, perceived social support and quality of life in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. To this end, the World Health Organization Quality of life scale, the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support were used to measure the relationship between variables. The quantitative approach was used, with purposive sampling. A total of 150 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were part of the final sample. Hierarchical multiple regression results indicate that social support of family, friends, and significant others, are significant positive predictors of quality of life in pulmonary TB patients. This study has implications for designing better health and social policy for pulmonary tuberculosis patients with respect to (i) advancing support from significant others, (ii) strengthening quality of life through daily activities and work opportunities, and (iii) provision of medical and treatment information consistently. Keywords: Illness Perception, Perceived Social Support, Quality of Life, Pulmonary
Transition of Gender Roles across Three Generations due to Globalization in Pakistan
Authors: Zahra Rubab
Published: January 2023

This study focused on how gender roles change from traditional to modern society with the impact of globalization by exploring the role of culture, technology, and environment. Globalization is the integration process that may affect human wellbeing, environment, economic development, and societal prosperity worldwide. A qualitative method was used to conduct in-depth interviews with 12 participants comprising of generation X (1965-1979), generation Y (1980-1994), and generation Z (1995-2004). Participants were sampled purposively. Through thematic analysis 10 major themes were discovered; (i) Perceived traditional gender roles, (ii) Transitional gender roles, (iii) Practicing traditional gender roles, (iv) Socio-cultural and family pressure, (v) Adopting new behavioral characteristics by females, (vi) Technology Forman Journal of Social Sciences (2022) Volume 2 DOI: 10.32368/FJSS.20220205 2 paved new ways and convenience, (vii) Negative aspects of Technology, (viii) Sensitized gender concept, (ix) Exposure to a hazardous environment, and (x) Social deconstruction of gender roles. The following information was found with regard to different generations and genders: (i) The element of acceptance and change is more evident in generation Z than in generation X; (ii) The male respondents are more persistent in traditional gender roles; (iii) The influence of technology on changing gender roles is more evident among the female participants; and (iv) Generation X and Y have more stereotypical views on gender roles than generation Z. The implication of this study is that gender roles are changing significantly over time in Pakistan due to globalization and technological development. Keywords: Globalization, Technology, Culture, Environment, Generation X, Generation Y and Generation Z
АNTIMETASTATIC EFFECT OF B. SUBTILIS IMV B-7724 LECTIN OBSERVED IN LEWIS LUNG CARCINOMA MODEL
Authors: Fedosova N.I. , Symchych T.V. , Cheremshenko N.L. , Chumak A.V. , Koval E.V. , Karaman O.M. , Voyeykova I.M.
Published: January 2023

Aim: To study the antitumor and antimetastatic effects of B. subtilis IMV B-7724 lectin used in neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings in vivo. Materials and Methods: Studies were performed on C57Bl/6J mice; Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) was used as an experimental tumor. В. subtilis ІМV В-7724 lectin was administered to tumor-bearing mice or to mice which underwent surgical resection of the primary tumor. The lectin was injected subcutaneously, 10 times, at a single dose of 5 or 1 mg/kg of body weight. The standard indicators of tumor growth and metastasis were evaluated. Results: Independently of the application settings, the lectin at a dose of 1 mg/kg of b.w. caused more pronounced effect than at a dose of 5 mg/kg of b.w. The administration of B. subtilis IMV B-7724 lectin to the mice with LLC in neoadjuvant setting did not cause notable antitumor effect but led to a significant decrease in the number and volume of lung metastases. The lectin administration in adjuvant setting significantly inhibited metastasis: the metastasis inhibition index reached 63.0% and 100% in the mice treated with the lectin at a dose of 5 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg respectively. The mean survival time of the treated animals significantly increased. Conclusion: A pronounced antimetastatic effect of B. subtilis IMV B-7724 lectin administered in an adjuvant setting was demonstrated.
CLINICAL CASE OF NON-TYPICAL METASTASIS OF NEUROENDOCRINE LUNG CARCINOMA TO THE VASCULAR MEMBRANE OF THE EYE
Authors: Zakhartseva L.M. , Chytaieva H.E. , Artemov O.V.
Published: January 2023

Background: Metastases in eye structures are rare (1–5% cases at systemic spread of different malignancies, mainly breast and lung cancers). The prognosis is poor. The overall survival usually does not exceed 12 or even 6 months. If metastases are found in the choroid membrane, the probability that the patient has multiple metastatic lesions of other organs increases significantly. Lung neuroendocrine neoplasms are rare (1–2% of all malignancies in adults), but mainly aggressive tumors. They are cha­racterized by “blurred”, nonspecific clinical symptoms, the correct diagnosis is delayed seriously, and distant metastases are seen in more than 40% of patients (usually in chest structures, liver, bones, brain, and adrenal glands; metastasis to vascular membrane of the eye ranks the 6th place). Case report: Own clinical observation of a male patient with rare metastasis of lung neuroendocrine carcinoma to the choroid of the left eye is presented. The disease is manifested by an ocular metastasis, which was initially considered an embryonic tumor. Other metastatic lesions (hilar lymph nodes, liver, soft tissues) were detected on computed tomography a little bit later. The diagnostic algorithm using routine histological examination and immunohistochemistry, including detection of neuroendocrine markers (chromogranin A, synaptophysin), cytokeratin 7 and Ki-67 expression in primary and metastatic tumors is described.
PRIMARY CUTANEOUS ADENOID CYSTIC CARCINOMA IN THE TRUNK: CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Moreno M. , De Oliveira A. , Czarnobai I. , Cássia Boff T.
Published: January 2023

Primary cystic adenoid skin carcinoma is a rare and poorly documented neoplasm in literature worldwide, with just over 250 reports. This work describes a 52-year-old male patient, with no comorbidities, who presented this neoplasm in nodular format in the posterior thoracic region, associated with localized pain and erythema — symptoms that led him to seek medical help. The clinical findings, differential diagnosis and treatment particularities were reviewed and correlated with the clinical case. The choice of type of surgical treatment was done considering the characteristics of the primary lesion that are associated with a worse prognosis. Despite its rarity, this neoplasm is easily identified through histological examination, the correct choice of treatment and patient follow-up, essential to increase survival. Thus, this work contributes to diminish the scarcity of literature related to this topic, especially the form of treatment employed.
CHEMORESISTANCE RELATED TO HYPOXIA ADAPTATION IN MESOTHELIOMA CELLS FROM TUMOR SPHEROIDS
Authors: Endoh D. , Ishii K. , Kohno K. , Virgona N. , Miyakoshi Y. , Yano T. , Ishida T.
Published: January 2023

Background: Hypoxia has been noted as a key factor for induction and maintenance of cancer stemness thereby leading to therapy resistance. Three-dimensional (3D) spheroid models demonstrate a heterogeneity of hypoxic regions replicating the in vivo situation within tumors. Utilizing an established 3D spheroid model, we investigated whether extrinsic hypoxia reinforced chemoresistance in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) spheroids. Materials and Methods: Tumor spheres were generated from Meso-1 (a typical human MPM cell line) cells having high spheroid-forming ability. To induce hypoxia condition, we utilized a hypoxia chamber with regulation of O2 and CO2 levels. Cell viability was estimated by a WST-8 assay. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot were performed to evaluate the expression at mRNA and protein levels. Results: Compared with cells cultured in the two-dimensional monolayer model, tumor sphere cells showed elevated mRNA levels of cancer stemness markers (CD26, CD44 and ABCG2) and protein levels of the stemness and hypoxia adaptation markers (ABCG2, ALDH1A1 and HIFs). Correlating with this, 3D spheroid cells were more resistant to permetrexed and topotecan than the two-dimensional cells, indicative of their potential for hypoxic adaptation. Furthermore, significantly stronger resistance to both chemotherapeutic agents was observed in spheroid cells upon hypoxic challenge compared to spheroid cells under normoxia. Conclusion: From the present data, it is concluded that hypoxia adaptation of MPM cells from tumor spheres could enhance their chemoresistance.
ONCOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF HUMAN ORTHOPNEUMOVIRUS IN CANCER CELL LINES
Authors: Aziz I.M. , Bhat R. , Farrag M.A. , Almajhdi F.N.
Published: January 2023

Oncolytic virotherapy is an emerging biotherapeutic platform for selectively infecting cancer cells and triggering apoptosis in a number of malignant cells due to robust viral replication. Studies related to the oncolytic activity of human orthopneumovirus (hOPV) are conflicting. Aim: This study was designed to elucidate the possible role of hOPV in the modulation of cell growth and apoptosis in cancer cell lines including human epidermoid carcinoma (HEp-2), lung epithelial cell line (A549), and breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). Materials and Methods: The oncolytic activity of hOPV on cancer cells was studied in vitro. The virus titers were determined by tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50/mL) in A549 cell. The cytotoxic effect of the virus on HEp-2, A549, and MCF-7 was determined using MTT and trypan blue dye exclusion test assays. hOPV in the infected cells was detected using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) and indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) assays. The relative expression of apoptosis-related genes (CASP-3, -8, -9, Bax, Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, TP53, P21) during virus infection was estimated using rRT-PCR assay in comparison with the house-keeping gene (GAPDH). Results: hOPV infection inhibited the growth of HEp-2, A549, and MCF-7 cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner. At a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 5, hOPV reduced the viability of A549 cells to about 16%, HEp-2 to 22%, and MCF-7 to 28% (p = 0.001), while no significant inhibitory effect was observed when cells were infected at MOI of 1 and 2. hOPV mRNA and antigens were detected in infected HEp-2, A549, and MCF-7 cells by RT-PCR and IIF. Upon hOPV infection, expression of CASP-3, -8, -9, as well as Bax, TP53, and p21 mRNA increased while expression of Bcl-2, Bcl-xL anti-apoptotic genes decreased. In hOPV-infected A549 cells, the fold increase of CASP-8 and CASP-9, Bax, TP53, and P21 expression exceeded significantly compared to that in HEp-2 or MCF-7 cells. Conclusions: Our results provide evidence that hOPV could be a potential candidate for oncolytic virotherapy.
ANTIPROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITIES Of EXTRACTS FROM MYCELIAL BIOMASS OF SOME MEDICINAL BASIDIOMYCETES IN HUMAN COLON CANCER CELLS COLO 205
Authors: Garmanchuk L.V. , Vedenicheva N.P. , Al-Maali G.A. , Ostapchenko D.I. , Tseyslyer Yu.V. , Liashenko V.A. , Bisko N.A. , Kosakivska I.V. , Ostapchenko L.I.
Published: January 2023

Background: The anticancer effects of phytohormones of cytokinin nature are similar to those of medicinal mushrooms, which are able to synthesize cytokinins in large amounts. Aim: To determine the antiproliferative effect of crude extracts and cytokinin fractions from the mycelial biomass of seven fungi species on colon cancer cells in vitro. Materials and Methods: Cytokinin content in mycelial biomass of Ganoderma lucidum, Lentinula edodes, Trametes versicolor, Pleurotus ostreatus, Morchella esculenta, Hericium coralloides, and Fomitopsis officinalis was determined by high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. The antiproliferative effect of the mushroom extracts on the human colon adenocarcinoma Colo 205 cells was assessed by MTT-test. Results: The content of cytokinins (trans-zeatin, zeatin riboside, isopentenyladenosine, isopentenyladenine and zeatin-O-glucoside) was determined in the mycelial biomass of the medicinal macromycetes. Zeatin-type hormones prevailed in all species, though trans-zeatin was the most abundant in H. coralloides and M. esculenta. In P. ostreatus, only zeatin-O-glucoside was detected. The lowest IC50 was found for both the cytokinin fraction (0.21 μg/ml) and the crude extract (0.17 μg/ml) from mycelial biomass of H. coralloides. F. officinalis also demonstrated high antiproliferative effect against Colo 205 cells: IC50 was 0.9 μg/ml for the crude extract and almost twice lower for the cytokinin fraction. In the studied concentration range (0.016–2 μg/ml), the crude extracts from G. lucidum and M. esculenta and the cytokinin fraction from L. edodes did not reach IC50 values. Conclusions: The present study showed that crude extracts and/or cytokinin fractions of several medicinal Basidiomycetes species are capable to inhibit proliferation of colon cancer cells in vitro. Crude extract cytotoxicity of H. coralloides, P. ostreatus and T. versicolor was higher than that of cytokinin fraction while antiproliferative effect of cytokinin fraction from F. officinalis was higher than that in its crude extract.
PERANAN STRATEGI PEMASARAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN VOLUME PENJUALAN DI THE EXCELTON HOTEL PALEMBANG
Authors: Bassi Aliming , Pramajaya Jamilah , Rizqi Muhammad
Published: January 2023

Purpose. The purpose of the research was to determine what marketing strategy is considered the best to use in increasing sales volume at The Excelton Hotel Palembang. The data analysis used in this research is qualitative analysis. The scope of this research is the role of marketing strategy which includes Product, Price, Place, Promotion, People, Process, and Physical Evidence.Based on the research results, The Excelton Hotel Palembang products, especially in rooms, food, drinks, and meeting rooms/ballrooms, have a 5-star standardization certificate so they are very suitable for use by every guest. Prices set by management for rooms, food, drinks, and meeting rooms/ballrooms, are comparable to competitors prices in accordance with the quality of the products provided at competitive prices in the market. The strategic location and the selection of the best spot also make The Excelton Hotel Palembang has its own charm. The Excelton Hotel Palembang carried out several promotional strategies, including advertising, Personal selling, Sales Promotion, and Public Relations. The employees who work at The Excelton Hotel Palembang have the ability and skills in their respective fields. And equipped with some more expertise so as to produce maximum products/services. The process used at The Excelton Hotel Palembang has met the 5-star standard so that the SOP can run according to the rules that have been set. The physical evidence applied by The Excelton Hotel Palembang have charms ranging from the shape of the building, logo selection, to a simple but elegant interior.