bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Expert Systems for Emulating the Decision Making Ability of a Human Expert
Authors: Chhajer Arihant
Published: October 2022

Expert systems are a type of technology that supports an organization to identify the challenges of a project and help the organization to take effective steps to resolve the challenges. The research study is based on the utilization of expert systems on the decision-making ability of human experts. The research study has adopted a positivist research philosophy, exploratory research design, and deductive research approach to mitigate the research objectives. On the other hand, the research study has been done through the implication of a secondary quantitative data collection method. Based on the secondary quantitative research study, the study has shown the potential impact of an expert system on the decision-making ability of human experts. This research study has explained the way expert systems are creating a positive influence on the operational efficiency of an organization and the utilization of expert systems has also enhanced the decision-making ability of human exports up to 42%. Moreover, the implication of expert systems is beneficial for providing growth in business. Keyword : Human experts, project, Artificial intelligence, technology, expert systems.
Aspects of Cognitive Neuroscience for the Solution of Problems Found in Contemporary Philosophy of Science
Authors: Gavaskar J. Sunil , s Swetha
Published: October 2022

In this research a deep definition of cognitive science has been provided along with research philosophy of neuroscience is also conducted here in this paper. Philosophy such as challenges in different languages, history, analysis of and interpersonal and so on is mentioned in this study. The impact of cognitive neuroscience on modern science philosophy is also included through this research. Also, cognitive neuroscience is the foundation of modern philosophy has been shown in this study. Moreover, usages of neuroscience in the education sector are also added in this paper. Data such as Facilitate learning, spacing learning, cognitive tutoring and so on is covered through this research in order to understand the implementing techniques that are used by teachers. Lastly, interconnection between AI and neuroscience along with its effect in modern businesses is included in this research. Keywords : Cognitive neuroscience, Philosophy of neuroscience, Artificial intelligence, human automation, cognitive tutoring, customer behaviour
Role of AI in Control System Design for Robotics
Authors: Gavaskar J. Sunil , p Venkateswari
Published: October 2022

In this study, the role of AI in controlling the robotic system has been discussed in a comprehensive manner. For executing this study, AI has been introduced with its features, implications and loopholes that directly affects the universal digital technology. Places and sectors that have adopted AI to bring growth have been discussed in this chapter. Nowadays different types of advanced technologies have been invented to track human body motion and other features that make people's life more easy and advanced. Here cognitive implementation of technical systems has been discussed briefly along with its loopholes that need improvement to overcome these barriers. Assistive kitchens with their equipped tools have been mentioned in this study with brief description and manufacturing and other business industries have also discussed here that adopt AI technology to bring growth. Keywords : AI, Cognitive technical system, robotics, control system, sensor, and industry.
FROM JUDICIAL TO LEGISLATIVE MEASURES TAKEN TO PREVENT CUSTODIAL VIOLENCE
Authors: Shukla Ravi Prakash
Published: October 2022

The different forms of torture that a person who is in jail, police custody, or court custody experiences for a variety of reasons is referred to as "custodial violence." The goal of the current investigation is to identify the source. the different factors that contribute to custody abuse and the remedies available for this serious injustice prevented. Custodial violence appears to be a severe issue in emerging nations like India since the majority of People still don't know much about the several laws that safeguard their fundamental human rights. Despite the fact that the National Human Rights Commission's formation has established a framework wherein can be readily acquired by the impoverished and defenceless victims, yet many cases of custodial violence Due to ignorance, there have been no reports of violence. Police violence against suspects, those under investigation, and people who have been convicted has been rising at an alarming rate, despite expectations that law enforcement organisations will uphold law and order and defend people's rights. Even though these victims are protected by several international agreements, constitutional protections, and legislative restrictions, their inhumane treatment continues. In this situation, a research that aims to educate the general public on the legal options open to victims of custodial abuse is urgently needed. This research aims to gather data and attempt to estimate the total amount of crime in the nation while also doing a doctrinal analysis of various examples of custodial brutality in India.
Fructan (Levan) is a more pervasive polysaccharide in the sugar industry than previously thought
Authors: Eggleston Gillian , Triplett Alexa , Gaston Peter , Stewart David
Published: October 2022

Fructan (levan) is a fructose polysaccharide connected by b2→6 glycosidic linkages but, compared to dextran, the amounts of fructan in factory products are much less known.
By using a new enzymatic (research) method that incorporates newly available recombinant enzymes, which comes in kit form from Megazyme®, considerable amounts of fructan (>9000 mg/kg) were consistently found in final (C) molasses from Louisiana cane sugar factories. Results were verified by breaking down the fructan with inulinase and measuring resultant products with ion chromatography. Fructan was observed to be strongly related to the recovery of sucrose in upstream and downstream factory products. Results also have, at least to a partial extent, explained why total polysaccharides are often much greater than haze dextran values in Louisiana.
A major source of fructan is the microbial deterioration of sugarcane either outside or inside the factory or both. Identification of the microorganisms causing the formation of fructan is urgently needed.
Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area: Geologic resources inventory report
Authors: Thornberry-Ehrlich Trista
Published: October 2022

Geologic Resources Inventory reports provide information and resources to help park managers make decisions for visitor safety, planning and protection of infrastructure, and preservation of natural and cultural resources. Information in GRI reports may also be useful for interpretation. This report synthesizes discussions from a scoping meeting held in 2012 and a follow-up conference call in 2021. Chapters of this report discuss the geologic heritage, geologic and physiographic setting, geologic history, geologic features and processes, and geologic resource management issues of Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area. Guidance for resource management and information about the previously completed GRI GIS data and poster (separate products) is also provided.
Remanufacturing process improvement by image recognition methods. Application of the mechanical part
Authors: Kos Mateusz
Published: October 2022

The paper describes the possibility of using, building, and implementing an image recognition system in a company performing remanufacturing processes. It is based on a thesis prepared with the help of Wabco Reman Solutions. The tests were conducted using one of the parts remanufactured by the company – a manifold. The research focuses on different variants of the obtained image recognition models in order to identify differences that may affect their effectiveness and possible application in real work conditions. The environment used to build the models is Jupyter Notebook, and convolutional neural networks were implemented.
Clear Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma of the Mandible, Case Report
Authors: Almeida Roberto da silva de
Published: October 2022

Caucasian patient, ECOG-PS 0, 38 years old, presented at the hospital with symptoms of pain in the lower left region of the mandible, objectively without swelling, on radiographic examination, she presented an extensive lesion with radiolucency in the region of element 37, with image filling, displacement of element 38 and apical involvement of element 36. In the tomographic exam, he presented a lesion with great destruction of the lingual wall and accentuated bone sequestration. It was opted for the differential diagnosis of the same by biopsy of the region with partial removal of healthy and diseased tissue associated with aspiration puncture, the histopathological examination was diagnosed as odontogenic clear cell carcinoma, a rare malignant tumor of epithelial origin, common in aged over 50 years and without behavioral pattern at its emergence.
Redeployment of Placental Gene Programming: Can Invasive Placentation Molecular Switches Complement the Hallmarks of Cancer?
Authors: Hernández-Bronchud Miguel
Published: October 2022

Placentation arose in mammalian evolution some 150-200 M years ago and integrates in a rather ingenious manner a large number of previously evolved multicellular regulatory pathways which include: angiogenesis, inflammatory cytokines and interleukins, HLA expression, immune peptides, immune regulatory receptors (for NK decidual cells, T and B cells, including Tregs, macrophages, antigen-presenting cells ), endothelial cells and fibroblasts, immune checkpoints (including PD-L1), many paracrine or endocrine hormones and growth factors, tissue enzymes, extracellular vesicles, several different mechanisms for epithelial-mesenchymal transitions, several hypoxia adaptations, morphogenetic changes, and others. Speculating from real genomics and epigenetic data from a single clinical case of a pregnant young woman with breast cancer, it has been recently proposed that mammalian cancer cells do not have to invent “de novo” immune escape mechanisms, including so-called “immune editing”, but to redeploy–probably by epigenetic mechanisms–intrinsic or encrypted gene programmes physiologically used by the process of invasive placentation in mammals. Most of these programmes were not evolved specifically for the placenta–but there were probably some exceptions, such as those still poorly understood key pathways related to foeto-maternal tolerance or perhaps trophoblast differentiation and decidual invasion. In my opinion, invasive placentation molecular switches can complement the hallmarks of cancer, by re-using “placental gene programming” to the competitive advantage of cancer cells.
Functional and Cellular Immunotherapy (FCIT) Concept
Authors: Kazim Khalid
Published: October 2022

Inflammation is the process by which the immune system recognizes and removes environmental factors, and begins the healing process. Inflammation can be either acute or chronic. However, the cause of many chronic inflammatory conditions is poorly understood. Chronic inflammatory responses are an ongoing process as long as the environmental factor is present. Sometimes, the response makes the body attack itself.

In this paper a closer look at finding out the causes of chronic inflammations, how to treat them on an individual basis, how to reverse the disease early on, and how to repair damages that the inflammation has caused.
Ischemic Stroke in a Young Man Bodybuilder
Authors: Aranalde Gabriel Ignacio
Published: October 2022

Ischemic stroke among young people is an infrequent and rare entity. Despite the existence of a long list of etiologies, the progressive imposition of an ideal body image in society represents another cause of ischemic stroke. To this end, bodybuilding practices have been imposed on a large part of the adolescent sector with intense exercise routines accompanied by supplementation with anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS). Abusers typically use up to 15 times the recommended medical doses of anabolic steroids. Nowadays, AAS are being used worldwide by millions of men, including those with no athletic ambitions, wishing to increase and improve their physical strength and appearance. AAS increase the risk of ischemic cerebral events through the interaction of certain variables whose common denominator is blood hypercoagulability. Consequently, in the presence of signs and symptoms of a stroke in a young person, the consumption of anabolic substances should be considered as a possible etiology.
Dental Screening Examinations for Professional Baseball Players: Preventing Potential Loss of Athlete Playing Time
Authors: Wisniewski John F
Published: October 2022

Objectives: A major league baseball organization (MLBO) noticed significant player-time loss due to severe dental caries and abscesses. The trend was noted most often in Hispanic players. The administration of the MLBO recruited a dentist to come down to perform dental screening examinations in Spring Training to identify dental problems, specifically among the Hispanic players.

Methods: Dental screening examinations were performed in the athletic training room by direct clinical visual examination utilizing high intensity light, mouth mirror and tongue depressors. Caries lesions were classified via the International Caries Detection and Assessment System. Teeth classified as Grade 5/6 were recommended for immediate treatment during spring training.

Results: Forty-two Hispanic baseball players were examined. Ten percent exhibited no dental caries; ninety percent exhibited dental caries. Twenty-nine percent of players (N=12) examined required immediate dental treatment during spring training; seventy-one percent (N=30) required dental treatment at a later date. Nine of the twelve players requiring treatment during spring training had severe decay that, if left untreated, would result in a loss of valuable playing time. Thus, for the total sample of nine players with severe decay, the MLBO would incur the loss of sixty-three days of player playing-time loss. Seven of the nine players had a total of fifteen teeth requiring immediate treatment, thus reducing the need and cost for advanced dental treatment.

Conclusion: Spring training dental screening examinations and expedited treatment can lead to significant cost savings and minimize potential loss of athlete playing time for the major league baseball organization.

Clinical Significance: More than ever, today’s society is sports and fitness oriented. Our research involves identifying the oral health needs of athletes. This study is a prime example of the importance of dental screening exams to be included within pre-season physicals. This information can benefit dentists who manage athletes in their practice.
SISTEM INFORMASI PERSEDIAAN PERLENGKAPAN ALAT ALAT ISI ULANG AIR MINUM PADA TOKO GUN CS
Authors: Darmuji Darmuji
Published: October 2022

Gun cs shop is a company engaged in the sale of refill equipment. The process of data collection of incoming goods and goods out of stock inventory when searching for goods data is still using the manual method. With this, in order to make it easier, it is recommended to use an inventory information system. The purpose of this inventory system is to overcome the system that is currently running at the gun cs shop as well as a solution so that the store can manage inventory data more quickly. The result of this research is to produce a web-based inventory information system with the LIFO FIFO and Avarage method which provides convenience in providing information on inventory data through incoming and outgoing goods using data flow diagrams, DFD, ERD and MySQL for data processing.
Peran Ekonomi Kreatif di Bidang Kuliner Khas Provinsi Jambi Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Hasanah Khuswatun , RR Dilla Dwi
Published: October 2022

The Covid-19 outbreak that attacks all corners of the world certainly has various impacts, both positive and negative. Various sectors experienced losses, even to the point of closing, but on the other hand there were positive impacts that were seen, namely the number of businesses carried out, especially the younger generation who started their businesses from home during the lockdown period. This research was conducted from January 2021 to December 2021 by collecting primary and secondary data through interviews and distributing questionnaires. In the future, the results of this study can be used as a basis for further researchers in conducting similar research and providing knowledge and understanding of entrepreneurship to readers.
Modulation of the antitumor immune response by cancer-associated fibroblasts: mechanisms and targeting strategies to hamper their immunosuppressive functions
Authors: Thiery Jerome
Published: October 2022

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are highly heterogeneous players that shape the tumor microenvironment and influence tumor progression, metastasis formation, and response to conventional therapies. During the past years, some CAFs subsets have also been involved in the modulation of immune cell functions, affecting the efficacy of both innate and adaptive anti-tumor immune responses. Consequently, the implication of these stromal cells in the response to immunotherapeutic strategies raised major concerns. In this review, current knowledge of CAFs origins and heterogeneity in the tumor stroma, as well as their effects on several immune cell populations that explain their immunosuppressive capabilities are summarized. The current development of therapeutic strategies for targeting this population and their implication in the field of cancer immunotherapy is also highlighted.
КУЛЬТУРНО-ЭТНОГРАФИЧЕСКИЙ ТРАВЕЛОГ ИЗВЕСТНОГО СТРАННИКА (РЕЦЕНЗИЯ НА КНИГУ: КРОТОВ А. В. ЯПОНИЯ И ДВЕ КОРЕИ. М: ГЕО-МТ ПРИ УЧАСТИИ ТК «СКРИНТИ», 2022. - 128 с.)
Authors:   Алтайский государственный университет, Семилет Т. А.
Published: October 2022

В рецензии книга А. Кротова идентифицируется как травелог 2, так как представляет собой литературное произведение, посвященное рассказу о путешествиях, соединяющее культурно-этнографические наблюдения автора, его рефлексию по поводу увиденного, дневник путешествий, исторические справки, демографическую статистику, обзор цен на товары, свои личные воспоминания и лирические отступления, описание ситуаций, в которые он попадал. Уникальный опыт путешественника-странника, включающий наблюдения, эксперименты, проникновение в мир повседневности жителей, желание все пощупать своими руками, «залезть в каждую щель» делает повествование захватывающе интересным с достижением эффекта погружения в описываемую реальность.
VERSIFIER AND POET: TO THE ANNIVERSARY OF YURI ORLITSKY
Authors:   South Ural State University, Semyan T.
Published: October 2022

The article is dedicated to the anniversary of the outstanding domestic literary critic Yuri Orlitsky (b. - 1952); it contains a brief overview of his main scientific works and a description of his many-sided activity as a poet and literary trader.
THE POETOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF THE SEMANTIC FIELD OF SOUNDING IN PUSHKIN’S POETRY
Authors:   Samara State Institute of Culture, Medvedeva T. V.
Published: October 2022

The article studies the poetological potential of words of the lexico-semantic group of sounds in Alexander Pushkin’s poetry. The article deals with the syntagmatic contacts within the semantic field with the central lexeme “sound” and external relations of this field with the semantic fields of emotion, speech, and others, reflecting the peculiar image-metaphorical nature of the disclosure of the poet and poetry theme.
Some Common Problems of Administrative, Administrative-Delict and Criminal Legislation (Law Enforcement during Pandemic Period)
Authors:   Transbaikal Regional Court, Baikal State University, Chita, Smolyakov Pavel N.
Published: October 2022

The study focuses on application of the newly adopted articles of the Code of Administrative Offensesdesigned to counteract the spread of COVID-19. Attention is drawn to the two problems that have arisen: the excessive blanketness of these norms andredundancy of administrative regulation in general. Taking into account the fact that the criminal norms protecting the same social relations are structurally similar, these problems are also assessed from the point of view of Criminal Law. As one of the reasons for what negative is happeningnowadays, the author names low quality of the normative and, especially, non-normative legal acts, to which the blanket norms of the Code of Administrative Offenses and the Criminal Code refer. The purpose of the presented study is to identify the most optimal ways to synchronize relevant laws in the today’s pandemic situation and on the eve of adoption of a revised version of the Code of Administrative Offenses and a completely new Procedural Code of Administrative Offenses. Its main tasks are to: identify key problems; analyze their occurrence; propose ways to resolve the problems throughimproved administration of law and rule-making. In the course of the study, the following methods were used: comparative legal method, method of analyzingthe judicial practice, as well aslegal modeling and forecasting. According to its results, while further working on the drafts Code of Administrative Offenses and Procedural Code of Administrative Offenses, it is proposed to proceed from the fact that their content cannot but correlate with the content of the Criminal Code and the Code of Criminal Procedure, and be alsobased on latest achievements in the sciences of Criminal Law and Procedure.
Judicial Protection of Obligations to Purchase Goods (Perform Work, Provide Services) Remotely
Authors:   Russian State University of Justice (Moscow), Urchukova Elizaveta Kh.
Published: October 2022

Formulation of the problem. Distant trade via network occupies a significant place in the modern trade turnover. Special attention is attached to the protection of the rights of consumers in the process of purchasing goods (works, services) remotely. The purpose of this study is to apply a comprehensive, comparative analysis, highlight the opportunities for the distant sale of goods (works, services), to identify the shortcomings of the legal regulation of the sale method. The article was prepared using general scientific methods (systemic, logical) and special legal methods (comparative legal, formal legal). It was revealed that currently there is legal uncertainty regarding the provision of services remotely. The rules of Russian legislation are aimed at regulating the remote sale and purchase of goods, while services turned out to be outside the scope of this regulation. It would be kindly requested to take advantage of foreign experience in regulating these relations.
The Waiver of Claim in the Appeal of the Arbitral Court
Authors:   Russian State University of Justice (Moscow), Patsatsiya Malkhaz Sh.
Published: October 2022

The issue of procedural malpractice in the consideration of court cases in higher instances in the arbitration process remains relevant. One of its manifestations is a plaintiff’s malpractice in the form of the wavier of claim in in the appeal of the arbitral court. There is no adequate response to it to be seen from either the СPC RF, or from the judicial and arbitration practice. In this article the issue is examined in the context of the current legal regulations and practice of arbitration courts, with the approaches developed in the procedural doctrine and foreign experience taken into account. On this basis, a proposal de lege ferenda, which allows to create a normative barrier against the considered option of procedural malpractice by plaintiffs in the appeal instance, is formulated.
Court Proceedings on the Issuance of a Permit to Cancel the Termination of a Criminal Case or Criminal Prosecution (Article 2141 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation) in the Structure of the Criminal Process
Authors:   Russian State University of Justice (Moscow), Nikolyuk Vyacheslav V.
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to the study of a relatively new judicial procedure for the Russian criminal process, in which the judge considers the request of the prosecutor, the head of the investigative body to obtain permission to cancel the decision to terminate the criminal case or criminal prosecution (Article 2141 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation). The author discusses how accurately the corresponding legal position of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation is described in the law, what place in the structure of the criminal process is assigned to the judicial procedure for issuing permission to cancel the termination of a criminal case, whether this judicial procedure has signs of special criminal procedural proceedings. On specific examples from investigative and judicial practice, applied aspects of the application of the norms of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation governing the judicial procedure for the annulment of decisions to terminate a criminal case after one year from the date of their adoption are shown.
Appellate Determinations That Overturned Sentences Based on Jury Verdict, Overview
Authors:   Russian State University of Justice (Moscow), Lebedev Igor’ V.
Published: October 2022

The article provides an overview of violations that serve as grounds for reversal of verdicts based on a jury verdict in courts of appeal, as well as the problems arising in judicial practice in identifying violations that are grounds for reversal of a verdict. The presented analysis of court practice is accompanied by examples which reflect the difficulties in the application by the courts of the relevant legal norms.
The Procedure for Establishing the Legal Status of Participants in Remote Digital Investment Transactions
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Volgograd, Matytsin Denis E.
Published: October 2022

Statement of the Problem. The author investigates the problem of regulating the procedure of revealing the legal status of the participants of remote-digital investment transactions performed in the information space. Goals and Tasks of the Research. In remote-digital investment transactions a natural person interacts with a legal entity. Often the transaction involves a subject of special legal capacity. The activity of professional securities participants is licensed. Such subjects are included by the Bank of Russia in special registers, which, in the author’s opinion, is not much different from licensing. Although credit organizations dominate in the composition of investment intermediaries, other types of economic companies also participate, so the establishment of the legal status of the said legal entity as a proper party to the transaction is of great importance for the investment turnover. Methods. In spite of the fact that the procedure for determining the legitimacy of an investment intermediary is regulated in sufficient detail, the author, using a systematic approach to the subject of research, applied a set of general scientific methods (dialectical, hypothetic and deductive, methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization and empirical description) and special scientific methods of knowledge (comparative and legal, dogmatic, structural and functional) for detailed analysis of legislative approach to defining the legal status of professional participants of securities market. Results. The approaches to the legal regulation of establishing the legitimacy of participation in the transaction of the investment intermediary, the recipient of the investment, the private investor itself are highlighted. The conclusion that the establishment of a proper party to the transaction of an investment intermediary – a legal entity – is conditioned by the need to check the availability and validity of its license with the website of the Bank of Russia has been substantiated. The establishment of a proper party to the transaction – the recipient of the investment – a legal entity requires a thorough examination of its website on the Internet. A number of proposals are made on the procedure for determining, by means of modern computer technologies, the eligibility of a citizen – private investor to participate in a remote-digital investment transaction on the basis of his personal account on the GOSSLUGI portal
Symbols of the Judiciary in the Modern Court
Authors:   Russian State University of Justice (Moscow), Fomina Lilia Yu.
Published: October 2022

Formulation of the Problem. The symbols of the judiciary are very important for creating the necessary environment for the administration of justice, the formation of a respectful attitude towards the court, and the maintenance of the authority of justice. However, in Russian legal science and practice there is no unity in the terminology and list used to designate them. In addition, the modern court administers justice in an online format, which also requires the development of certain approaches to the use of symbols of the judiciary. Purpose of the Work: to explore the use of symbols of judicial power in a modern court, including when holding a court session in an online format. Methods. When conducting the study, dialectical, logical, formal-legal and a number of other methods of cognition were used, while observing a generally systematic approach. Brief Conclusions. The article analyzes the issues of designation and use of symbols that personify justice in Russian legal science and practice, including during a court session in an online format. Approaches to there presentation of the court, including symbolically, within the framework of a virtual courtroom, existing abroad, are studied. The conclusion is made about the admissibility of using various terms to designate the symbols of the judiciary, but on condition that they are clearly distinguished from related concepts. The expediency of streamlining the legislation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in terms of regulating the symbols of the judicial power of justices of the peace is revealed. The symbols of the judiciary, the obligatory use of which in the administration of justice is provided for by law, are especially characterized: the State Flag of the Russian Federation, the State Emblem of the Russian Federation, the mantle of a judge, the distinctive sign of the position of a justice of the peace. The importance of their use in accordance with the established rules and in the virtual courtroom to create an environment as close as possible to the offline courtroom was stated.
Estudio comparativo de los métodos de compra online en España
Authors: Yustres Duro Pilar , Melendo Rodríguez-Carmona Laura
Published: October 2022

Este artículo realizará un análisis de los distintos métodos de compra online que hay disponibles para los consumidores españoles profundizando en el método de compra puramente online, el show-rooming, el ROPO, el BOPIS y el BORIS. Tras este análisis se hará una comparativa de cuáles son los métodos de compra preferidos por los compradores españoles tras la pandemia de la COVID-19 y las posibles causas de esta decisión.
Comunicación en redes y discursos de odio en el contexto español
Authors: Moreno López Roberto , Morales Calvo Sonia
Published: October 2022

En el marco del proyecto CONTACT, se realizaron 20 entrevistas a jóvenes en España de entre 18 y 30 años, con el principal objetivo de aumentar la conciencia y comprensión del discurso del odio entre la juventud española. Los principales resultados muestran que el discurso de odio es parte de la comunicación en Internet y las redes sociales, y que el alcance e impacto del discurso de odio se refleja en las calles y en línea. Los jóvenes entienden que el discurso de odio se dirige a grupos sociales determinados por su cuerpo, cultura, etnia y orientación sexual, aunque lo reconozcan en el ámbito privado.
Narrativas Transmedia para concientizar sobre la contaminación minera de ríos de Ecuador
Authors: Largo Loayza Jorge
Published: October 2022

El ser humano, es uno de los actores principales de la contaminación ambiental; sin embargo, la falta de conciencia ha traído consigo diferentes factores que afectan de manera directa a la tierra. La presente investigación tiene la finalidad de analizar el impacto social que tienen de narrativas transmedias ante la contaminación minera de ríos al sur de Ecuador. Entre los resultados, en Ecuador, se han presentado más de 1.128 casos de enfermedades causadas por la contaminación minera en los de ríos, pero gracias al periodismo transmedia se ha podido influenciar sobre la responsabilidad del hombre con el medio ambiente.
Evidence-based medicine – achievements и disadvantages
Authors: Бурлов Никита , Хрыков Глеб , Алексеев Сергей
Published: October 2022

The term «Evidence-based medicine» and the rules of its use in practice have been known for more than 30 years. However, in view of the development of the Internet and social media, this word combination has recently come to mean more of a marketing direction. At the same time, such statements are often not consistent with the current clinical practice of using evidence-based medicine. The main reason is a low awareness of the basic concepts, advantages and disadvantages among the medical community.
Immunohistochemical profile of cell cycle control, proliferation and differentiation proteins of the pulmonary atypical alveolar epithelium with COVID-19-induced diffuse alveolar damage as compared to pulmonary [lepidic-growth] adenocarcinoma
Authors: Борискин Никита , Авдалян Ашот , Шилов Александр , Проценко Денис , Корюков Максим , Оскорбин Игорь , Филипенко Максим
Published: October 2022

Aim. We aim aim to compare immunophenotypic characteritics of atypical epithelium (AE) with COVID-19-induced diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) and pulmonary lepidic-growth adenocarcinoma, accounting for cell cycle control, proliferation and differentiation].
Methods. We examined pulmonary tissue specimens from twenty-four fatal cases of COVID-19-induced acute respiratory damage syndrome confirmed by autopsy (Group 1) and four cases of pulmonary lepidic-growth adenocarcinoma (Group 2). Perpendicular dimensions of 10 nuclei were measured on the H&E slides, means of their sums of products (SPNM) were calculated. We have used p53, Ki67, p16, p63 antibodies for immunohistochemical staining in each case. We evaluate colour intensity, rate of stained cells of AE and the product of these parameters. We evaluated separately Nuclear and cytoplasmic staining (couple) and only cytoplasmic staining (cyt) for p16 expression. We measured proliferative index only at KI-67 stained slides. U-test and Spearman rank correlation test were used for statistical analysis.
Results. Expression of p63 was higher in group 1 (p=0.001), while p16 was more frequently expressed in group 2 (p=0.002). We have found no statistically significant differences (p>0.1) in the p53 and Ki67 expression. Group 1 showed There was negative correlation between the number of days from onset of symptoms and the following variables: Ki67 (r=–0.587, p=0.003); SPNM (r=–0.406, p=0.049).
Conclusion. The present study has shown heterogeneity in levels of cell cycle control expression, proliferation and differentiation of atypical epithelium in the pulmonary lepidic-growth adenocarcinoma and COVID-19-induced diffuse alveolar damage.
A model for predicting colorectal cancer (CRC) based on determining the expression level of miRNA-21 in saliva and plasma
Authors: Киселева Елена , Нефедьев Федор , Захаренко Александр , Зарайский Михаил
Published: October 2022

Introduction. The development of new approaches to screening colorectal cancer (CRC), including those based on such molecular genetic methods as the assessment of microRNA(miRNA) expression, is an urgent clinical task. Purpose of the study. The study was aimed at development of a model for CRC prediction based on the miRNA-21 expression level in saliva and plasma.
Materials and Methods. The miRNA-21 expression levels in plasma (P-miRNA-21) and saliva(S-miRNA-21) samples obtained from 65 patients with diagnosed colon cancer (CRC group) and 66 healthy volunteers were measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and expressed in conventional expression units (CU). Correlation analysis of the levels of miRNA-21 expression in plasma and saliva with gender, age, localization and stage of the process was performed. Univariate analysis was used to identify CRC predictors. Based on a combination of leading factors, risk classes were formed with the subsequent construction of a decision tree. ROC analysis was used to estimate the quality of the simulated decision tree and the CRR predicting model. The level of statistical significance was fixed at 0.05.
Results. The P-miRNA-21 (3.71±7.38 CU) and S-miRNA-21 (9.67±18.52 CU) in CRC patients was higher than in healthy control (p=0.0089 and p<0.0001, respectively). The sensitivity and specificity of P-miRNA-21>1.6 CU and S-miRNA-21>2 CU as CRC markers were 52% and 89% and 61% and 83%, respectively. No correlation of P-miRNA-21 or S-miRNA-21 with gender, age, process localization and disease stage was found. In univariate analysis the predictors of CRC were: S-miRNA-21>2 CU (Relative risk (CI), RR [CI): 2.51 (1.76; 3.58)], P-miRNA-21>1.6 CU [RR (CI): 2.41 (1.75; 3.31)], age >61 years [RR (CI): 2.65 (1.67; 4.21)], high level of cancer embryonic antigen (CEA) [RR (CI): 2.4 (1.93; 2.99)], high level of СA-19.9 [RR (CI): 2.27 (1.85; 2.78)]. An algorithm for CRC diagnostics was proposed in the form of a decision tree model based on S-miRNA-21, P-miRNA-21 and age, which has high sensitivity (88.7%) and specificity (76.6%) of the model, AuROC 0.86.
Conclusion. Evaluation of the expression miRNA-21 both in saliva and in blood plasma can be suitable non-invasive biomarkers for screening colon cancer, especially as part of the proposed diagnostic model.
The prospective randomized trial evaluating the efficacy of the mitomycin C and cisplatin regimen (MP) versus standard first-line chemotherapy in patients with advanced BRCA1/2-associated ovarian cancer (NCT04747717)
Authors: Городнова Татьяна , Соколенко Анна , Котив Христина , Иванцов Александр , Яковлева Мария , Лавринович Ольга , Микая Николай , Ибрагимов Заур , Трафанов Юрий , Бондарев Николай , Смирнова Ольга , Гусейнов Константин , Бахидзе Елена , Мешкова Ирина , Константинова Елена , Урманчеева Адель , Берлев Игорь , Беляев Алексей , Имянитов Евгений
Published: October 2022

Introduction. BRCA1-associated ovarian cancer (OC) is characterized by high sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents, however, the most effective drug therapy regimen is not defined.
Aim. To compare the clinical efficacy of the combination «mitomycin C and cisplatin» (MP) and «paclitaxel and carboplatin» (TCbP) in neoadjuvant therapy of BRCA-associated ovarian cancer in the randomized trial.
Methods. The study involved 98 patients with advanced ovarian cancer, who were treated at N.N. Petrov NMRC of Oncology (St Petersburg, Russia) from 2019 to 2020. Sixteen carriers of pathogenic variants of BRCA1 and BRCA2 were identified. The patients were randomized at the ratio 1:1 into the experimental group for chemotherapy with the combination of mitomycin C and cisplatin (MP), or into the control group for standard chemotherapy with the combination of paclitaxel and carboplatin (TCbP)
Results. All 8 patients of the advanced BRCA-associated ovarian cancer demonstrated the objective clinical response to treatment in the MP group, whereas only 4 of 8 (50%) patients acieved the same in the TCbP group. Complete and moderate pathomorphologic response (CRS2 and CRS3) was observed in all women in the MP group and only in 5 of 8 (62.5%) patients in the TCbP group.
Twelve patients receiving MP regimen 22 patients who followed the TCbP regimen were included for long term outcomes assessment. Median recurrence-free survival in the MP group was significantly higher than in the TCbP group: 27.3 months versus 17.4 months (p=0.048).
Conclusions. The combination of mitomycin C and cisplatin is superior to the «gold standard» of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with BRCA-associated OC.
Dynamics of the key parameters of quality of life in patients with pelvic bone tumors after endoprosthetics with individual implants
Authors: Щелкова Ольга , Сушенцов Евгений , Софронов Денис , Агаев Дергах , Усманова Екатерина , Вассерман Людвиг , Исурина Галина
Published: October 2022

We present the findings of a dynamic study of the key parameters of quality of life in 24 patients (average age 44.42±3.13 years; 14 (58.3%) males) with pelvic bone tumors who underwent limb salvage [organ preservation] treatment at the National Medical Research Centre of Oncology named after N.N. Blokhin to the extent of tumor removal and restoration of the defect with individual implants created by means of three-dimensional printing. Used were two internationally accepted diagnostic tools for assessing quality of life in cancer patients and the author's «Quality-of-Life Questionnaire for patients who underwent surgery on the pelvic bones» covering 28 indices. The findings of the study testify to there being no significant positive dynamics of the general quality of life measure, decrease in satisfaction with physical and social activity in patients, which may be related to unreasonably high patient expectations regarding success in life after limb salving surgery; there is clinically justified increase in neurological symptoms. Correlation analysis of life quality indices with other characteristics of patients was performed. It turned out that the severity of pain after endoproshetics is negatively associated with the general physical state of the patient and the functional result of endoproshetics, and positively — with age and compliance. A clinical example of quality of life dynamics after endoprosthetics with good functional result is presented.
A rare metastasis to the tongue and skin of the lower eyelid. A clinical case report and review of the literature
Authors: Масникова Ульяна , Мирочник Максим , Бакланова Ольга , Демичев Эдуард , Тараненко Андрей , Манькова Татьяна , Орыщак Сергей , Дворниченко Виктория
Published: October 2022

Metastatic tumors of the oral cavity are rare in occurrence. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) metastasizes to the organs of the head and neck in 12–16% of cases. RCC metastases to the tongue are uncommon. A total of 63 cases of kidney cancer metastasizing to the tongue have been reported in the literature. We report a clinical case of RCC metastasis to the skin of the lower eyelid (as the initial manifestation of the disease) and to the tongue (11 months after kidney cancer diagnosis) in one patient with metastatic kidney cancer, including metastases to the lungs, adrenal gland, and brain. A review of relevant literature is presented in the current article.
Homicidal Trends in Tribes of Bastar
Authors: Ashesh Gunwantrao Wankhede  , Himanshu Sharma
Published: October 2022

Background: Till now no significant study has been done in homicide cases related to the tribal communities ofthe Bastar region, our approach has been to extensive study of the tribal communities, their life pattern towardsthe arms, and analysis of the homicidal committed in the tribal communitiesObjective: the objective of the study was to study the pattern of homicidal cases in the tribal communities of Bastarin a community wise scale so that necessary steps can be taken to prevent homicide in communities which has highscale of homicidal cases.Material and Method: The data of postmortem reports of all cases of homicidal deaths of tribals of Bastar regionChhattisgarh occurred in 11 years (2011 to 2021), which had been brought to the mortuary of Forensic Medicinedepartment.Results: Out of total of 122 cases evaluated, it consisted predominantly of male population of the age 31-40 years,Maximum number of homicidal cases were from Firearm injury=27 cases, Axe injury sustained stood 2nd= 22cases. Maximum cases were found in the year 2015=16 cases. Maximum cases occurred in the Month of August=24cases.Conclusion: In our study we have found that Madia community followed by Maria community has most of theleading cases, government need to more emphasize on them to prevent cases from occurring. Homicidal deathsamong tribals was mainly due to firearm injury, main factor for it was Naxalite and Maoist movement, which ispredominant in Bastar region
Procedure to Proceed Under the Provision of Section 161 CrPC
Authors: K.S. Arun Prakash  , K. Thangaraj  , O. Gambhir Singh
Published: October 2022

Police Investigating Officer plays a vital role in a crime investigation. They are the first contact persons for a legalinquiry. Sec. 161, Cr.P.C describes the laws about how a police can examine a person, though there are manyother related legal acts. A statement of a witness recorded by Investigating Police Officer during the processof investigation is neither administered under oath/affirmation nor tested by cross-examination. So, as perIndian law, it can’t be considered a piece of substantive evidence. However, it may be used by the defense forcontradicting the prosecution witness. The statements made to the Police Investigating Officer by witnesses arerequired to initiate a trial in a court of law.
SEVERITY AND PROGNOSIS ASSESSMENT CRITERIA FOR PURULENT-INFLAMMATORY DISEASES
Authors: Kanikovskyi O. E. , Bondarchuk O. I. , Sander S. V. , Kroshka V. M. , Lopushanskyi O. M.
Published: October 2022

Summary. The aim is to determine simple, easily accessible criteria for assessing the severity and prediction of the course of purulent processes.

Materials and methods. 161 patients with purulent processes were examined. The dependence of the duration of treatment on the type of pathology, sex, age, body temperature, the number of leukocytes in the peripheral blood, the presence of pathological changes in the urine, the duration from the onset of the disease to the beginning of treatment was studied. Signs were coded in points. The rank correlation coefficient (ρ) between the duration of treatment and the above symptoms, its error (mρ) and the confidence criterion (t) were calculated.

Research results and their discussion. A strong and direct relationship was noted between the nature of the pathology, body temperature, age of the patient and duration of treatment (р˂0.001). The presence of pathological changes in the urine, leukocytosis has a medium-intensity connection with the duration of treatment and a reliable correlation (р˂0.05). The average duration of treatment was 15.2±0.5 days. If this duration is taken as the limit in the case of a favorable course, then the prognosis is favorable for patients who have a total score of the specified criteria of no more than 24. In patients with a total score of more than 24, the prognosis is serious. They are shown radical surgical treatment of the abscess, combined antibiotic therapy, detoxification therapy, and intensive local treatment.

Conclusions. To assess the severity of a case of purulent-inflammatory disease, determine the prognosis and develop treatment tactics, informative signs are the nature of the pathology, the temperature reaction, the age of the patient, the number of leukocytes in the peripheral blood, and pathological changes in the urine. These criteria can also be used for comparative characteristics of different groups of patients.