bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SPOC y formación del profesorado: aproximación bibliométrica y pedagógica en Scopus y Web of Science
Authors: Colomo Magaña Ernesto , Sánchez Rivas Enrique , Fernández Lacorte José María , Trujillo Torres Juan Manuel
Published: July 2020

La enseñanza online, vinculada a la incorporación de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación al ámbito educativo, han supuesto una revolución para los procesos formativos. En este sentido, los small private online courses (SPOC) se convierten en un recurso con el que poder diseñar acciones formativas para el profesorado. Este estudio, mediante un análisis pedagógico y bibliométrico, pretende conocer las características de los SPOC como recurso formativo y la evolución de su producción científica en las bases de datos Scopus y Web of Science. Los resultados reflejan un aumento significativo de la producción científica en los últimos años, destacando el interés creado en las instituciones universitarias y en las áreas de ciencias de la computación y ciencias sociales. Entre los motivos pedagógicos, encontramos la amplia oferta académica, la personalización del proceso formativo o la mejora de la competencia digital al formarse mediante SPOC. En definitiva, el crecimiento de los SPOC está relacionado con las ventajas que aportan sus características didácticas en un contexto educativo en el que las tecnologías juegan un papel clave, por lo que se convierte en un recurso de interés para la formación de los docentes.

E-learning, linked to the incorporation of information and communication technologies in education, has been a revolution for training processes. In this sense, the small private online courses (SPOC) become a resource with which to design training actions for teachers. This study, through a pedagogical and bibliometric analysis, aims to know the characteristics of SPOCs as a training resource and the evolution of its scientific production in the Scopus and Web of Science databases. The results reflect a significant increase in scientific production in recent years, highlighting the interest created in university institutions and in the areas of computer science and social sciences. Among the pedagogical reasons, we find the wide academic offer, the personalization of the training process or the improvement of the digital competence when being formed through SPOC. In short, the growth of SPOCs is related to the advantages that their didactic characteristics bring in an educational context in which technologies play a key role, so it becomes a resource of interest for teacher training.
Diseño, aplicación y validación de un instrumento para Valorar las Actitudes hacia la Diversidad del Alumnado (VADA)
Authors: Mirete Ana Belén , Belmonte María Luisa , Maquilón Javier J.
Published: July 2020

La diversidad es una realidad inherente a nuestra Sociedad, imprescindible para el logro de una comunidad justa e igualitaria. Conocer las actitudes hacia la diversidad resulta ser un elemento imprescindible para la articulación de medidas que faciliten el respeto hacia la diferencia. El objetivo de esta investigación se centró en diseñar, aplicar y validar un instrumento para valorar la actitud hacia la diversidad en escolares menores de seis años. Se contó con la participación de 125 estudiantes de edades comprendidas entre tres y seis años, así como con seis expertos en metodología de investigación y en atención a la diversidad para la validación interjueces del instrumento. Los resultados apuntan a que los estudiantes muestran una actitud positiva hacia la diversidad, pero consideran que la capacidad académica de los escolares con discapacidad es una gran limitación. Estos resultados evidencian la necesidad de intervenir educativamente para eliminar prejuicios y para construir un nuevo conocimiento basado en la igualdad de la diferencia.

Diversity is intrinsic to our society, fundamental to the creation of a fair and egalitarian community. Understanding attitudes towards diversity is an essential element for the establishment of measures to facilitate respect for diversity. The aim of this research focused on designing, applying and validating an instrument to assess attitudes towards diversity in students younger than six years old. A group of 125 students of ages ranging between three and six participated in the study. Additionally, six experts in the fields of research methodology and attention to diversity were chosen as inter-judges to determine the validity of the instrument. Results show that students display a positive attitude towards diversity, but that they consider lack of academic ability in students with disabilities to be a considerable limitation. These findings prove the need to start an educational intervention to eliminate prejudices and build new knowledge based on the equality of diversity.
Análisis de percepciones del estudiantado del Máster de Secundaria respecto a las competencias profesionales del docente
Authors: Sola Reche José María , Sola Reche José María , Marín Marín José Antonio , Alonso García Santiago , Gómez García Gerardo
Published: July 2020

En la actualidad, la formación en competencias profesionales docentes constituye un pilar básico y fundamental a la hora de llevar a cabo la formación inicial del profesorado. Es fundamental que desde la Educación Superior se promueva una praxis educativa que permita que los aspirantes a futuros profesores conozcan las múltiples demandas que el docente debe desempeñar con eficacia en el contexto escolar. En base a esta idea, el presente trabajo tiene el objetivo de analizar las percepciones de 410 estudiantes del máster de profesorado de Educación Secundaria acerca de las competencias profesionales que debe reunir un docente. Para ello, se abogó por una metodología transversal descriptiva y correlacional, utilizando como instrumento de medida el cuestionario. Los resultados mostraron que los estudiantes otorgan gran valor a aquellas cuestiones vinculadas a la competencia aprender a aprender, la importancia de la adecuada convivencia y relaciones sociales, así como el fomento de un espíritu crítico y reflexivo. Asimismo, se establecieron relaciones correlaciónales entre aquellas variables vinculadas a la enseñanza emocional y a los ámbitos tutoriales y de orientación. Por lo tanto, es preciso continuar en una línea de trabajo que siga en la mejora de la formación inicial de futuros docentes ante los numerosos retos que le deparan en el contexto educativo actual.

At current, training in professional teaching skills is a basic and fundamental pillar in carrying out initial teacher training. It is essential that Higher Education promotes an educational practice that allows aspiring teachers to be aware of the multiple demands that the teacher must carry out effectively in the school context. Based on this idea, the present work aims to analyse the perceptions of 410 students of the Master's Degree in Secondary Education about the professional skills that a teacher should have. To this end, a descriptive and correlational transversal methodology was advocated, using the questionnaire as a measurement instrument. The results showed that students attach great value to those issues linked to the learning to learn competence, the importance of proper coexistence and social relations, as well as the promotion of a critical and reflective spirit. Likewise, correlation was established between those variables linked to emotional teaching and to the tutorial and guidance areas. Therefore, it is necessary to continue in a line of work that continues to improve the initial training of future teachers in the face of the many challenges that they face in the current educational context.
Competencia digital del profesorado para la atención al alumnado con dificultades de aprendizaje. Una revisión teórica
Authors: López Núñez Juan Antonio , Campos Soto María Natalia , Aznar Díaz Inmaculada , Rodríguez Jiménez Carmen
Published: July 2020

El uso de nuevas metodologías en el ámbito educativo, como es el uso de las tecnologías, influye positivamente en la reducción de las dificultades de aprendizaje que presenta el alumnado de Educación Primaria en general y en los que padecen algún tipo de trastorno como TDAH, en particular.  De aquí nace el interés por la realización de este estudio, a través del cual se quiere analizar la situación actual de la literatura científica presente en la base de datos Scopus, en relación al uso de las TIC en educación con respecto a las dificultades de aprendizaje. Los resultados muestran que en los últimos cuarenta y cuatro años (1975-2019) las publicaciones existentes sobre el tema en cuestión han aumentado  de forma significativa, pasando de publicar un documento en 1975 a producir cincuenta y nueve en 2019, es decir, se ha pasado de una producción de 0.014% a 8.79%.  La literatura científica muestra un primer repunte en el año 2010 (44 publicaciones) hasta llegar en 2019 a 59, lo que nos hace presagiar que seguirá aumentando en los próximos años. Finaliza la investigación proponiendo realizar otros estudios de características similares en las bases de datos Dialnet, Web of Science o Google Scholar.

The use of new methodologies in the educational field, such as the use of technology, has a positive influence on the reduction of learning difficulties presented by primary school students in general and those suffering from some type of disorder such as ADHD in particular.  This is the origin of the interest in carrying out this study, through which we wish to analyse the current situation of the scientific literature present in the Scopus database, in relation to the use of ICT in education with respect to learning difficulties. The results show that in the last forty-four years (1975-2019) the existing publications on the subject in question have increased significantly, going from publishing one document in 1975 to producing fifty-nine in 2019, that is, from a production of 0.014% to 8.79%. The scientific literature shows a first increase in 2010 (44 publications) until reaching 59 in 2019, which makes us think that it will continue to increase in the coming years. The study ends by proposing to carry out a study of similar characteristics in the databases of Dialnet, Web of Science or Google Scholar.
Educational innovations in Eastern countries. Final Conference of Erasmus + project Fostering Competencies Development in Belarusian Higher Education
Authors: Bylaite – Salavejiene Danguole
Published: July 2020

Erasmus + KA2 programme project “Fostering Competencies Development in Belarusian Higher Education – FOSTERC” consortium partners have met for the Final Conference in Minsk, Belarus, on the 6th of December 2019. It was an exciting moment.  “FOSTERC” consortium worked together since 2016, many meetings, trainings, common research and creative work have been implemented in a cooperative way. The final “FOSTERC” event has summarised transformations and novelties that have been created in Belarus higher education institutions during the last three years.
This article shortly reviews some insights and solutions that have been discussed during the “FOSTERC” conference in Minsk.
Legal regime of natural resource management in Canada
Authors: Manin Iaroslav
Published: July 2020

The subject of this research is the legal regime of natural resource management in the Canadian Kingdom as an example of one of the best sectoral practices of legal regulation of natural resource usage. Analysis is conducted on the normative legal acts that regulate rights to natural resource usage, delimitation of jurisdiction to “central” and “regional”, management in the area of natural resource. The object of this research is the natural resource usage relations in Canada. Special attention is given to the licensing of Canadian natural resource usage, determination of the types of licenses, and procedure of licensing. The author examines the relevant topics of taxation and fiscal stimulation of natural resource users, foreign investment, geological exploration, national and local legislation, right of indigenous peoples to natural resources, etc. The scientific novelty consists in demonstrating the current “picture” of legal regulation of natural resource usage in Canada. On the example of this kingdom, as the subject of right to ownership and use of resources, the author suggest considering an allotted plot of resources within its boundaries, while unallocated plots of resources should be counted as part of a single reserve of undistributed land (single object of law). The author proposes to conduct a mass geological survey of the Russian shelf in accordance with the Canadian model, implementation of the practice of attracting foreign investments, tax incentives, resource rent for the Russian citizens through legal construct of retirement savings, application of corporate restrictions following the example of Canada.
Purposes and outcomes of information technology education towards sustainable national development
Authors: Dela Cruz Ramiro Z. , Dela Cruz Ruth A. Ortega
Published: July 2020

This study used survey research design to explore the purposes and outcomes of Bachelor of Science in Information Technology (BSIT) degree programs in the Philippines. Using purposive sampling of professors and students, this study identified the ability of IT education to meet its
purposes by way of validating its current outcomes. The study also provided a clear indication of how the outcomes were perceived differently based on how the respondents experienced the actual IT education curriculum. Although the results show some favourable agreements among the respondents,
statistical findings reveal underlying issues related to the implementation of outcomes-based IT education system in the country. This calls for the active role of higher education institutions (HEIs) offering BSIT programs to take another, more careful look at the entire curriculum structure
of the degree program, as it serves as the foundation of effective and efficient IT education, which will lead towards sustainable national development.
The Good Drone
Authors: Choi-Fitzpatrick Austin
Published: July 2020

How small-scale drones, satellites, kites, and balloons are used by social movements for the greater good.

Drones are famous for doing bad things: weaponized, they implement remote-control war; used for surveillance, they threaten civil liberties and violate privacy. In The Good Drone, Austin Choi-Fitzpatrick examines a different range of uses: the deployment of drones for the greater good. Choi-Fitzpatrick analyzes the way small-scale drones—as well as satellites, kites, and balloons—are used for a great many things, including documenting human rights abuses, estimating demonstration crowd size, supporting anti-poaching advocacy, and advancing climate change research. In fact, he finds, small drones are used disproportionately for good; nonviolent prosocial uses predominate.

Choi-Fitzpatrick's broader point is that the use of technology by social movements goes beyond social media—and began before social media. From the barricades in Les Misérables to hacking attacks on corporate servers to the spread of #MeToo on Twitter, technology is used to raise awareness, but is also crucial in raising the cost of the status quo.

New technology in the air changes politics on the ground, and raises provocative questions along the way. What is the nature and future of the camera, when it is taken out of human hands? How will our ideas about privacy evolve when the altitude of a penthouse suite no longer guarantees it? Working at the leading edge of an emerging technology, Choi-Fitzpatrick takes a broad view, suggesting social change efforts rely on technology in new and unexpected ways.
An electrophysiological marker of arousal level in humans
Authors: Lendner Janna D , Helfrich Randolph F , Mander Bryce A , Romundstad Luis , Lin Jack J , Walker Matthew P , Larsson Pal G , Knight Robert T
Published: July 2020

Deep non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM) and general anesthesia with propofol are prominent states of reduced arousal linked to the occurrence of synchronized oscillations in the electroencephalogram (EEG). Although rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is also associated with diminished arousal levels, it is characterized by a desynchronized, ‘wake-like’ EEG. This observation implies that reduced arousal states are not necessarily only defined by synchronous oscillatory activity. Using intracranial and surface EEG recordings in four independent data sets, we demonstrate that the 1/f spectral slope of the electrophysiological power spectrum, which reflects the non-oscillatory, scale-free component of neural activity, delineates wakefulness from propofol anesthesia, NREM and REM sleep. Critically, the spectral slope discriminates wakefulness from REM sleep solely based on the neurophysiological brain state. Taken together, our findings describe a common electrophysiological marker that tracks states of reduced arousal, including different sleep stages as well as anesthesia in humans.
Deciphering the neural signature of human cardiovascular regulation
Authors: Manuel Jorge , Färber Natalia , Gerlach Darius A , Heusser Karsten , Jordan Jens , Tank Jens , Beissner Florian
Published: July 2020

Cardiovascular regulation is integral to life. Animal studies have identified both neural and endocrine pathways, by which the central nervous system adjusts cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistance to changing physiological demands. The outflow of these pathways is coordinated by various central nervous regions based on afferent information from baroreceptors, chemoreceptors, nociceptors, and circulating hormones, and is modulated by physiologic and behavioural state. In humans, however, knowledge on central cardiovascular regulation below the cortical level is scarce. Here, we show using functional MRI (fMRI) that at least three hypothalamic subsystems are involved in cardiovascular regulation in humans. The rhythmic behaviour of these systems corresponds to high and low frequency oscillations typically seen in blood pressure and heart rate variability.
A sensorimotor model shows why a spectral jamming avoidance response does not help bats deal with jamming
Authors: Mazar Omer , Yovel Yossi
Published: July 2020

For decades, researchers have speculated how echolocating bats deal with masking by conspecific calls when flying in aggregations. To date, only a few attempts have been made to mathematically quantify the probability of jamming, or its effects. We developed a comprehensive sensorimotor predator-prey simulation, modeling numerous bats foraging in proximity. We used this model to examine the effectiveness of a spectral Jamming Avoidance Response (JAR) as a solution for the masking problem. We found that foraging performance deteriorates when bats forage near conspecifics, however, applying a JAR does not improve insect sensing or capture. Because bats constantly adjust their echolocation to the performed task (even when flying alone), further shifting the signals' frequencies does not mitigate jamming. Our simulations explain how bats can hunt successfully in a group despite competition and despite potential masking. This research demonstrates the advantages of a modeling approach when examining a complex biological system.
Regulation of BMP4/Dpp retrotranslocation and signaling by deglycosylation
Authors: Galeone Antonio , Adams Joshua M , Matsuda Shinya , Presa Maximiliano F , Pandey Ashutosh , Han Seung Yeop , Tachida Yuriko , Hirayama Hiroto , Vaccari Thomas , Suzuki Tadashi , Lutz Cathleen M , Affolter Markus , Zuberi Aamir , Jafar-Nejad Hamed
Published: July 2020

During endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD), the cytoplasmic enzymeN-glycanase 1 (NGLY1) is proposed to removeN-glycans from misfoldedN-glycoproteins after their retrotranslocation from the ER to the cytosol. We previously reported that NGLY1 regulatesDrosophilaBMP signaling in a tissue-specific manner (Galeone et al., 2017). Here, we establish theDrosophilaDpp and its mouse ortholog BMP4 as biologically relevant targets of NGLY1 and find, unexpectedly, that NGLY1-mediated deglycosylation of misfolded BMP4 is required for its retrotranslocation. Accumulation of misfolded BMP4 in the ER results in ER stress and prompts the ER recruitment of NGLY1. The ER-associated NGLY1 then deglycosylates misfolded BMP4 molecules to promote their retrotranslocation and proteasomal degradation, thereby allowing properly-folded BMP4 molecules to proceed through the secretory pathway and activate signaling in other cells. Our study redefines the role of NGLY1 during ERAD and suggests that impaired BMP4 signaling might underlie some of the NGLY1 deficiency patient phenotypes.
Underlying dyslipidemia postpartum in women with a recent GDM pregnancy who develop type 2 diabetes
Authors: Lai Mi , Al Rijjal Dana , Röst Hannes L , Dai Feihan F , Gunderson Erica P , Wheeler Michael B
Published: July 2020

Approximately, 35% of women with Gestational Diabetes (GDM) progress to Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) within 10 years. However, links between GDM and T2D are not well understood. We used a well-characterised GDM prospective cohort of 1035 women following up to 8 years postpartum. Lipidomics profiling covering >1000 lipids was performed on fasting plasma samples from participants 6–9 week postpartum (171 incident T2D vs. 179 controls). We discovered 311 lipids positively and 70 lipids negatively associated with T2D risk. The upregulation of glycerolipid metabolism involving triacylglycerol and diacylglycerol biosynthesis suggested activated lipid storage before diabetes onset. In contrast, decreased sphingomyelines, hexosylceramide and lactosylceramide indicated impaired sphingolipid metabolism. Additionally, a lipid signature was identified to effectively predict future diabetes risk. These findings demonstrate an underlying dyslipidemia during the early postpartum in those GDM women who progress to T2D and suggest endogenous lipogenesis may be a driving force for future diabetes onset.
Comparison of long-term changes in size and longevity of bee colonies in mid-west Japan and Maui with and without exposure to pesticide, cold winters, and mites
Authors: Yamada Toshiro , Yamada Kazuko
Published: July 2020

Four long-term field experiments in mid-west Japan (Shika) made it clear that extinction of colonies exposed to neonicotinoid was much higher than for colonies exposed to organophosphates. The incidence of hive death for of organophosphate-exposed and control (pesticide-free) colonies was similar. We conducted a field experiment in Maui for 271 days using the same pesticides (dinotefuran: 0.2 ppm, clothianidin: 0.08 ppm, fenitrothion: 1 ppm) as used in Shika with the honeybee, Apis mellifera, colonies without mites. Numbers of adult bees, capped brood, mites and other hive parameters were accurately counted on photographs of combs and on the inside of the hives. All six neonicotinoid (dinotefuran & clothianidin)-exposed colonies failed during the experiment. One of three organophosphate (fenitrothion)-exposed colonies and one of the three control colonies also failed. The findings from Maui, where colonies displayed no mites, provides evidence from Shika, with mites, that neonicotinoids are more hazardous to honeybee colonies than organophosphates. The apparent longevity of honeybee colonies on Maui was estimated by numbers of adult bees and capped brood using a mathematical model previously proposed. Seasonal changes in longevity on Maui differ greatly from changes at Shika, the latter showing distinct seasonal variation. Longevity on Maui remains nearly constant throughout the year with wide variations. At Shika, it increases drastically in winter, by six- to ten fold more than the other seasons. Differences seem to depend on the existence of cold winters and the length of flowering seasons. In a perpetually hospitable environment, small changes in conditions can be sensitively reflected in apparent longevity. Examining wide variations in apparent longevity that are seemingly incoherent, we recognized several differences in apparent longevity between neonicotinoid-exposed and organophosphate-exposed colonies: The colony that failed in after organophosphate-exposure colony group exhibited the longest apparent longevity and the fewest number of newly capped brood, as also was the case in control colonies. Extended longevity when few brood are newly produced is reasonable to maintain the colony from a physiological point of view. Extension of apparent longevity is not seen in neonicotinoid-exposed colonies when the number of newly capped brood is fewer. This finding suggests that neonicotinoid pesticides may inhibit normal apian physiology.
Proteomic analysis of human cervical adenocarcinoma mucus to identify potential protein biomarkers
Authors: Ma Zhifang , Chen Jie , Luan Ting , Chu Chengzhuo , Wu Wangfei , Zhu Yichao , Gu Yun
Published: July 2020

Background

Cervical cancer is the most common gynecological cancer, encompassing cervical squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and other epithelial tumors. There are many diagnostic methods to detect cervical cancers but no precision screening tool for cervical adenocarcinoma at present.

Material and methods

The cervical mucus from three normal cervices (Ctrl), three endocervical adenocarcinoma (EA), and three cervical adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) was collected for proteomic analysis. The proteins were screened using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (LC-MS). The biological function of the differently expressed proteins were predicted by Gene Ontology (GO).

Results

A total of 711 proteins were identified, including 237 differently expressed proteins identified in EA/Ctrl comparison, 256 differently expressed proteins identified in AIS/Ctrl comparison, and 242 differently expressed proteins identified in AIS/EA comparison (up-regulate ≥ 1.5 or down-regulate ≤ 0.67). Functional annotation was performed using GO analysis on 1,056 differently expressed proteins to identify those that may impact cervical cancer, such as heme protein myeloperoxidase, which is involved in the immune process, and APOA1, which is associated with lipid metabolism.

Conclusion

We used proteomic analysis to screen out differently expressed proteins from normal cervical mucus and cervical adenocarcinoma mucus samples. These differently expressed proteins may be potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of cervical adenocarcinoma but require additional study.
Differential expression between drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive sugarcane under mild and moderate water stress as revealed by a comparative analysis of leaf transcriptome
Authors: Nawae Wanapinun , Shearman Jeremy R. , Tangphatsornruang Sithichoke , Punpee Prapat , Yoocha Thippawan , Sangsrakru Duangjai , Naktang Chaiwat , Sonthirod Chutima , Wirojsirasak Warodom , Ukoskit Kittipat , Sriroth Klanarong , Klomsa-ard Peeraya , Pootakham Wirulda
Published: July 2020

Sugarcane contributes 80% of global sugar production and to bioethanol generation for the bioenergy industry. Its productivity is threatened by drought that can cause up to 60% yield loss. This study used RNA-Seq to gain a better understanding of the underlying mechanism by which drought-tolerant sugarcane copes with water stress. We compared gene expression in KPS01-12 (drought-tolerant genotype) and UT12 (drought-sensitive genotype) that have significantly different yield loss rates under drought conditions. We treated KPS01-12 and UT12 with mild and moderate water stress and found differentially expressed genes in various biological processes. KPS01-12 had higher expression of genes that were involved in water retention, antioxidant secondary metabolite biosynthesis, and oxidative and osmotic stress response than UT12. In contrast, the sensitive genotype had more down-regulated genes that were involved in photosynthesis, carbon fixation and Calvin cycle than the tolerant genotype. Our obtained expression profiles suggest that the tolerant sugarcane has a more effective genetic response than the sensitive genotype at the initiation of drought stress. The knowledge gained from this study may be applied in breeding programs to improve sugarcane production in drought conditions.
Income and Expenditure of Farm Households: A Micro Perspective
Authors: Hamsa K. R. , Umesh K. B.
Published: July 2020

This micro level study, conducted in the Southern Karnataka to examine the sources of income and pattern of household expenditure, revealed that farm activities are the main sources of income in both progressive and less progressive areas and non-farm and off-farm activity (mainly agricultural labour) contributes only a negligible portion. The smallholders as well as rainfed households during the slack agricultural season depend on rural non-farm activities through non- agricultural labour as the source of earning in progressive area where as in less progressive area, all the categories of farmers had their non-farm income earned majorly from house rent. Percentage of spending on various items varied with category of farmers. With the increase in income, there was increase in expenditure on non-food items, which was observed in both areas. Inequality in income distribution was less than consumption expenditure due to unequal non-food consumption expenditures in both areas. There was a relatively higher income and expenditure inequality has observed in less progressive area compared to progressive area. Overall, it was evident from the results that, even though farm income contribution was more in both areas, still improving off and non-farm employment opportunities that adds to income and helps for further savings.
Enhancing Farmer Income through Value Addition to Rice in Khammam District, India
Authors: Suneetha W. Jessie , Kumar J. Hemanth , Rao P. Jagan Mohan , Prasad Y. G.
Published: July 2020

Rice is the staple food to half of world’s population providing more than one fifth of the calories consumed worldwide. Cereal grains are rich sources of phenolic compounds present in cell walls that help in combating many life style diseases occurring due to oxidative stress. Rice has been domesticated more than 10000 years ago but even today the farmers prefer selling freshly harvested paddy at a lower price. Few entrepreneurial farmers have come up with the idea of primary processing the paddy as semi polished and brown rice that can fetch them more profits along with providing health benefits. Each Kg of paddy, white, semi polished and brown rice cost Rs. 17 – 18.50, 46 – 48, 58 – 60 and 65 respectively. Similarly, one Kg of brokens get Rs. 15, bran Rs. 12 during season and Rs. 20 during off season.

The rice without any processing fetched the farmer profit of about Rs. 24400 to 36000 on an average per acre. But if the farmer subjected the rice to primary processing and sold as white, semi polished or brown rice, the profits generated per acre were Rs. 57156 – 66480 Rs. Rs. 82996 – 102400and Rs. 105910 – 120400 can be generated.

As can be seen the decrease in processing produced lower quantity of brokens and bran and income from them was comparatively lower than on processed rice indicating that there can be rise in income with minimal processing with added health benefits. There can an increase in profits by 4 to 5 times due to primary processing benefiting the paddy growers.

The white, semi polished and brown rice can increase the income of farmer by 76.92, 127.79 and 161.58% per one bag of paddy weighing 75 Kg. There was a significant decrease in brokens and bran produced in semi polished and brown rice that actually fetch less prize than the actual produce. The growing awareness of consumers towards health foods, improved eating habits and health consciousness is expanding brown rice market at higher compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) compared to overall rice market.
Prevalence of Cardio-metabolic Risk Factors among Young Saudi Women with Vitamin D Deficiency
Authors: Kadi H. A. Al , Alissa E.
Published: July 2020

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of cardio-metabolic risk factors in apparently healthy Saudi women with vitamin D deficiency.

Study Design: A retrospective chart review.

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in the Center of Excellence for Osteoporosis Research (CEOR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, between June 2015 to October 2015.

Methodology: Healthy women 20–40 years old, with no history of previous illnesses and not on any medications were included in this study. Data on anthropometric measurements as well as blood pressure (BP) were obtained. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Laboratory results including fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting lipid profile, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were also obtained. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as 25(OH)D3 concentration <50 nmol/l. Modified NCEP:ATPIII criteria were used to define cardio-metabolic risk factor cutoff points.

Results: A total of 305 women were included in the current analysis. Mean (± S.D.) age of the study group was 28.4±6.1 years and median (IQR) 25(OH)D3 was 17.8 (11.9–28.2) nmol/l. Almost 97% of the study participants were vitamin D deficient and 70% had values below 25 nmol/l. 25(OH)D3 was significantly inversely associated with waist circumference, systolic and diastolic BP and PTH (P=0.011, <0.0001, <0.0001, <0.0001, respectively). Prevalence of cardio-metabolic risk factors were higher among participants who fell in the lowest tertile of 25(OH)D3 except total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, however only higher PTH was statistically significant (P=0.022).

Conclusion: The results of the present study confirm the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among otherwise healthy Saudi women. The results also suggest that the prevalence of selected cardio-metabolic risk factors is higher among those with low vitamin D status. Prospective studies are needed to determine whether such deficiency will be of clinical significance with advancing age in this population, and whether vitamin D supplementation has beneficial effects.
Performance Study of a Developed Automated Cooking System
Authors: Ucheoma I. T. , Chilakpu K. O. , Nwakuba N. R. , Ezeanya N. C.
Published: July 2020

Aims: To identify the heat energy, timing along with other cooking parameters required for cooking rice, beans, okra and yam using the gas, electric and automated cooker respectively.

Study Design: The studied automated cooking system was digitally calibrated to ensure the best operation of the various receptacles for adding ingredients such as the cylindrical dispenser, reciprocating dispenser besides the precision fluid dispensing unit synchronized with the automatic opening and closing of the receiver lid (Pot).

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Nigeria, between October 2018 and November 2019.

Methodology: The performance evaluation of the automated cooking system was done after the selected food samples (rice, beans, yam and okra) were cooked manually with the electric and gas cookers respectively. The major cooking parameters measured and analyzed were the volume of water used, quantity of food and ingredients, temperatures and heating energies of the cooking systems, overall cooking time for food samples and the time for adding ingredients and water into the food being cooked.

Results: The experimental results show that the cooking time required to prepare 200 g of the studied food samples namely; rice, beans, yam and okra soup using the electric cooker, gas cooker and the automated cooker were; 50 mins, 69 mins, 30 mins, and 17 mins (for electric cooker); 51 mins, 72 mins, 34 mins and 19 mins (for gas cooker); 45 mins, 64 mins, 25 mins and 14 mins (for automated cooker) respectively. The heating energy data computed for the food samples were: 199 kJ, 416.72 kJ, 182.2 kJ and 516 kJ for okra, beans, yam and rice using the automated system. It was revealed that the thermal efficiencies of the automated cooking system is higher than the thermal efficiencies of other cooking system (electric and gas cookers). The adiabatic nature of the enclosed automated system makes cooking more hygienic and faster due to increased heat energy utilization. Model equations were derived for predicting the heating energy and time required for cooking and to soften these food samples using gas cookers, electric cookers and in subsequent automated cookers. The cooking information obtained from the experiments streamlines a generic recipe and the requirements for cooking different foods with the auto-cooker and has greatly simplified the process of cooking.

Conclusion: The automated cooking system offers a significant benefit to the users who have time limitations. The findings from this work may be applied for the commercial production of automated cookers as prospect of modification and further studies could be explored.
Antimicrobial Resistant Enterococcus sp. Isolated from Clinical Samples
Authors: Alshammari Fawaz , Alam Mohammad Jahoor , Saeed Amir
Published: July 2020

The present study has been targeted towards; investigation of molecular epidemiology and analysis of antibiotic resistance in different bacterial sp. Total 120 new bacterial isolates has been obtained having majority of bacteria Enterococcus sp. from 4 regional hospitals of 92 patients. The antimicrobial susceptibility test has been performed using 18 different antibiotics and resistant strains have been analyzed. Additionally, the isolated strains were tested for antibiotic resistance and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been performed for van A and van B genes. In the series of antimicrobial bacterial species Enterococcus sp. has emerged as one of the potential cause to raise the healthcare problems. This study has significant impact on such kind of molecular epidemiology investigations and may be useful in producing the basic knowledge on the local microorganism to refine and resolve the antimicrobial resistance issues faced by hospitals in the world.
En clave intercultural: Intervenciones en el final de la vida con fundamento en las “diferencias culturales”
Authors: Luxardo Natalia , Vindrola-Padrós Cecilia
Published: July 2020

El artículo indaga en los modos en que el personal sanitario en contextos institucionales de atención en el final de vida se apropia de los discursos sobre las “diferencias culturales” de las poblaciones que atienden para basar sus intervenciones, interpretando qué es lo que los pacientes y sus familias necesitan. Sostiene que la apelación a discursos en clave culturalista aparece cuando los pacientes pertenecen a minorías étnicas, atravesando la comunicación de la enfermedad; la gestión de la atención y el cuidado y la espiritualidad, la religiosidad y los sistemas de creencias. Se trata de un análisis secundario basado en datos propios recabados en investigaciones realizadas en Servicios de Cuidados Paliativos, Oncología y Hospices de Argentina. Este fundamento “culturalista” de las intervenciones es atravesado por estereotipos y prenociones sobre las identidades culturales de poblaciones que ya tienen una alta carga de estigmatización en la sociedad y reproduce actitudes paternalistas y condescendientes. Concluye que negar o ignorar otras cosmovisiones es tan nocivo como reificarlas.
A cidade e o cemitério: uma experiência em educação patrimonial
Authors: Almeida Marcelina Das Graças de
Published: July 2020

A proposta deste relato é apresentar o projeto intitulado Cemitério do Bonfim: arte, história e educação patrimonial, uma atividade de campo, cujo objetivo é promover visitas guiadas que se realizam, desde o ano de 2012, no primeiro cemitério público edificado na cidade de Belo Horizonte. Partindo das visitas cemiteriais, o propósito da ação é estimular o debate sobre temáticas que transitam pela educação patrimonial, pela história da cidade e de seus habitantes, bem como pela pesquisa acadêmica, tendo como parcerias três instituições públicas, nomeadamente, a Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais, a Fundação de Parques Municipais e o Instituto Estadual de Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico. Neste relato é descrita a gênese da atividade, destacando seus objetivos, a construção da metodologia para organização das visitas, bem como os desdobramentos na atualidade, realçando sua fluidez e longevidade, ressaltando a importância de se construir ações concretas que promovam a disseminação do conhecimento, a troca de experiências e a consciência sobre a necessidade de preservar o patrimônio cultural, dentre eles o cemiterial.
Mídia e morte na contemporaneidade: construindo cemitérios em redes sociais
Authors: Machado Renata De Morais
Published: July 2020

RIBEIRO, Renata Rezende. A morte midiatizada: como as redes sociais atualizam a experiência do fim da vida. Rio de Janeiro: Eduff, 2015. 223 p.
Auschwitz-Birkenau: entre a cultura e a barbárie
Authors: Cabral Rebeca Lopes
Published: July 2020

DIDI-HUBERMAN, Georges. Cortezas. Santander: Shangrilla Textos Aparte, 2014. 68 p. Título original: Écorces. Paris: Les Éditions de minuit, 2011.
Redes de memória e de comemoração: reflexões sobre o “contato herdeiro” do Facebook
Authors: Ribeiro Renata Rezende
Published: July 2020

Esse artigo integra uma pesquisa ampliada sobre a ressignificação da morte na contemporaneidade midiática, em que a imbricação entre corpo, comunicação e tecnologias digitais de informação articula novas leituras sobre a temática da morte e do morrer. Nessa análise é desenvolvida uma reflexão sobre os usos da memória e das comemorações nas redes sociais digitais, especialmente no Facebook que, em 2015, criou a ferramenta contato herdeiro, promovendo de forma institucional a celebração dos mortos na rede. A partir de percurso bibliográfico e de pesquisa exploratória de redes sociais, o texto objetiva demonstrar como a ambiência digital opera como uma espécie de guardiã da memória, na medida em que celebra e atualiza as narrativas dos e sobre os mortos.
Reflexões sobre os cuidados éticos na pesquisa com enlutados
Authors: Franco Maria Helena , Tinoco Valeria Ulbricht , Mazorra Luciana
Published: July 2020

O presente artigo apresenta reflexões a respeito de questões metodológicas e éticas em pesquisas científicas com pessoas que passaram por experiências de perdas e luto. Com o objetivo de ressaltar a importância da ética na pesquisa com enlutados, foi realizada uma busca de fundamentos em pesquisas nacionais e internacionais, que tratam desta questão. A atenção aos cuidados éticos na pesquisa com enlutados é fundamental, para minimizar os riscos desta população reconhecidamente vulnerável e potencializar os benefícios de pesquisas nesta área. A partir da bibliografia consultada, observamos que os enlutados consideram terapêutico participar de pesquisas, ao dividir suas experiências e observar sua própria história a partir de uma perspectiva diferente.
A morte e a concorrência entre as confrarias de Braga (séculos XVII-XVIII)
Authors: Araújo Marta Maria Lobo de
Published: July 2020

Neste artigo pretende-se discutir a concorrência existente entre as confrarias de Braga nos séculos XVII e XVIII, relativamente à morte e aos serviços que lhe estavam associados. Aspectos como os acompanhamentos, ter ou não tumba, ser ou não irmão, deixar esmolas e legados, e os preços pagos pelo enterramento eram essenciais para quem um dia esperava a morte. Os legados instituídos e o seu cumprimento foram também de grande relevância. Por isso, todos os que podiam inscreviam-se como confrades numa ou mais confraria, de maneira a ter um enquadramento protetor num dos momentos essenciais da sua existência: a morte. Foi em torno dela que se assistiu durante o período em análise a uma forte concorrência no mundo interconfraternal.
Tipologías y re-mediación de las imágenes de muerte y duelo compartidas en la memorialización online
Authors: Morcate Montse
Published: July 2020

El presente artículo aborda el análisis de las diversas representaciones fotográficas de la muerte y el duelo y sus diversos usos publicadas en los tributos y páginas de homenaje a los difuntos en Internet por los dolientes. La investigación ahonda a su vez en el valor que obtienen estas imágenes una vez recontextualizadas en el duelo, así como también de la respuesta generada por familiares, conocidos y también a menudo usuarios desconocidos, una vez son publicadas y remediadas. Con este artículo se pretende analizar el uso de la imagen en el ámbito online como una herramienta para visibilizar la muerte en el entorno íntimo, así como el papel de la imagen digital como mediadora en la comunicación, apoyo y visibilización de las personas en duelo mediante las reacciones producidas ante la publicación de dichas imágenes, y como elemento clave en la creación de nuevos rituales de duelo en el entorno no presencial.
Imágenes para el duelo: Etnografía sobre el cuidado y las representaciones de la muerte en torno a los desaparecidos en Argentina
Authors: Catela Ludmila Gilda Verónica da Silva
Published: July 2020

Este texto analiza las prácticas de duelo frente a la desaparición de personas por razones políticas en Argentina. Utilizo las herramientas de la antropología para observar etnográficamente las maneras y modos con los cuales los familiares de desaparecidos construyen la relación con sus muertos ¿Cómo se transita el duelo cuando no hay cuerpo, ni tumba? ¿Qué elementos se pueden distinguir en los procesos donde la muerte debe ser imaginada? ¿Qué rituales y acciones se ponen en juego para el cuidado de esos muertos? En la primera parte se trazan los elementos centrales para comprender  la desaparición dentro de la noción de muerte. A continuación se establecen los nexos entre imagen, duelo y desaparición. Finalmente se centra en las acciones, rituales y prácticas en torno al cuidado de los muertos frente a la falta del cuerpo, específicamente observado a partir de cuatro historias de hijos de desaparecidos y la relación que establecen con la fotografía policial de sus padres del “Registro de Extremistas”.
Luto e Memória da ditadura: O Memorial dos Desaparecidos de Vila Formosa, em São Paulo
Authors: Teles Janaína De Almeida
Published: July 2020

do legado ditatorial, a formação da memória sobre a repressão da ditadura enfrenta enormes obstáculos para se estabelecer no Brasil. Nesse contexto, este estudo tem por objetivo oferecer um panorama reflexivo sobre o debate teórico a respeito da memória, o trabalho de luto dos familiares de desaparecidos políticos no Brasil, o legado da ditadura e a edificação do Memorial dos Desaparecidos de Vila Formosa, em São Paulo. Propomo-nos aqui a analisar os testemunhos de familiares, sua demanda por “verdade e justiça”, e por realizar o luto no Brasil. Ressaltamos que, a despeito dos limites impostos pela transição  controlada, o memorial  favorece a constituição de uma consciência coletiva acerca da repressão ditatorial, e do status de suas vítimas e sobreviventes no país. Este texto beneficia-se de entrevistas inéditas, documentos pouco explorados e ampla revisão da bibliografia sobre o assunto.
Um lugar para o corpo: fotografias familiares em contexto de luto
Authors: Santos Carolina Junqueira dos
Published: July 2020

Desde o seu surgimento, em 1839, o dispositivo fotográfico foi amplamente utilizado para retratar a família, seus membros e vínculos. A nova imagem técnica logo se tornou parte essencial da vida doméstica, exibindo o meio familiar como instituição social e como portador de laços íntimos e amorosos. O artigo aborda o universo da fotografia   de família, destacando sua produção e seu uso no contexto funerário e de luto. A ideia central é a de que o retrato fotográfico, depois da morte da pessoa retratada, torna-se o novo corpo do morto, lugar de contato e vínculo. O luto é pensado como um estado permanente de conexão do vivo com os seus mortos. Olhar a fotografia do ausente é uma forma do vivo ser olhado de volta, um meio dele também não ser esquecido. A presença de ambos os corpos, o do vivo e o do morto, é essencial no processo simbólico que se desenrola, que faz projetar uma relação sempre atualizada. Mas, por fim, talvez sejam as fotografias objetos puramente melancólicos e vazios, através dos quais se evidencia a solidão dos sobreviventes.