bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of Long-Chain Polymers in Preparation of Soil Extracts for Soil Testing
Authors: Jeffries C. D. , Thomas R. J.
Published: October 2006

A method is described for the preparation of soil extracts for analysis which eliminates filtration. The procedure is based on the flocculating characteristics of very small amounts of polyacrylamides on inorganic and organic colloids. Amounts of plant nutrients extracted from soils by this method compare favorably with those obtained in filtered soil extracts.
Differential Thermal Study of Pyrosynthesis
Authors: Bollin Edgar M. , Dunne James A. , Kerr Paul F.
Published: October 2006

Equipment is described which provides a thermal record of the synthesis of sulfides and related minerals contained in easily constructed tubular glass vials. As an example, a temperature curve for the synthesis of galena (PbS) is given. Similarly derived temperatures of formation for eight other synthetic sulfides and selenides are reported.
Laminarase of
Euglena gracilis
Authors: Fellig J.
Published: October 2006

An enzyme in extracts of the protistan
Euglena gracilis
splits the polysaccharide laminarin (β-1:3-glucosan). Its optimal
p
H is 5.0, and it is activated by Mn
++
ions.
The Need for Better Macromolecular Models
Authors: Platt John R.
Published: October 2006

Atomic models useful for small molecules become clumsy, expensive, and even inaccurate when used to represent the large molecules important in biology. More convenient models, authoritatively designed and semi-mass-produced, would be of the greatest value both for teaching and biological research.
On the Thermal Boundary Layer of the Ocean
Authors: Ewing Gifford , McAlister E. D.
Published: October 2006

Measurement of the long-wave infrared radiation from the top 0.1 mm of the evaporating ocean demonstrates the existence of a cool surface layer characterized by departures of as much as 0.6°C from the "surface temperature" found by conventional methods. Being very thin, the layer cools sufficiently rapidly to reestablish itself in less than 12 seconds after disruption by a breaking wave.
New Method for Manipulation, Maintenance, and Cloning of Single Mammalian Cells in vitro
Authors: Aronson M. , Kessel R. W. I.
Published: October 2006

Individual mammalian cells can be isolated with the aid of easily handled glass beads to which the cells have become attached. Procedures for the preparation of cell cultures on beads, and for the recognition and manipulation of beads carrying single monocytes, HeLa cells, and Detroit-98 cells are described. Data obtained with
Brucella
infected monocytes, illustrating the efficiency of the method, are presented.
A Genetic Constitution Frustrating the Sexual Drive in
Drosophila paulistorum
Authors: Ehrnman Lee
Published: October 2006

Hybrids obtained in the laboratory between two subspecies of
Drosophila paulistorum
possess a genetic constitution which is discordant enough so that the hybrid females repel the courtship of all males, and will mate with none. The hybrid males will court and will be rejected by almost all females, including their own hybrid siblings.
Rapid Induction of Allergic Encephalomyelitis in Rats without the Use of Mycobacteria
Authors: Bell Jennifer , Paterson Philip Y.
Published: October 2006

Rats, in contrast to certain other species of animals reported, have a striking capacity to develop allergic encephalomyelitis within 2 to 3 weeks following one injection of spinal cord antigen combined with Freund's incomplete adjuvant—that is, adjuvant prepared without addition of killed mycobacteria.
Density of the Lunar Atmosphere
Authors: Brandt John C.
Published: October 2006

The minimum possible density of the lunar atmosphere at the surface is shown to be essentially the value for the interplanetary medium. This value, when combined with the observed maximum, places the particle density between 10
3
and 10
6
per cubic centimeter, while the electron density must be about 10
3
to 10
4
per cubic centimeter. These results are markedly different from those recently obtained by Firsoff.
Effect of DDT on Free Amino Acids of Susceptible and DDT-Resistant
Aedes aegypti
Larvae
Authors: Micks Don W. , Ferguson Martha J. , Singh K. R. P.
Published: October 2006

The exposure of mosquito larvae (
Aedes aegypti
L.) to LC
50
concentrations of DDT for various periods of time resulted in a selective increase in the alanine level of a DDT-resistant strain after 4 to 8 hours' contact with the insecticide, whereas the concentration of this amino acid in a susceptible strain remained comparatively low.
Succinylcholine and Muscle Excitability
Authors: Ochs S. , Annis B. , Mukherjee A. K.
Published: October 2006

Succinylcholine lowers the resting membrane potential taken with microelectrodes similarly in nerve-scarce and innervated portions of frog sartorius muscle. Twitches to electrical excitation of the nerve-scarce pelvic end of the muscle are also rapidly reduced. The results indicate that succinylcholine probably acts generally on the muscle membrane to diminish excitability.
Residence Time of Dissolved Phosphate in Natural Waters
Authors: Pomeroy Lawrence R.
Published: October 2006

Residence time varies from approximately 0.05 to 200 hours. Short residence times are indicative of depleted phosphate, active metabolic activity, or both. The turnover rate of phosphate is between 0.1 and 1.0 mg of phosphorus per cubic meter, per hour, regardless of phosphate concentration, except in biologically active systems where it is 1.0 to 20. The turnover rate of phosphate may be more important than the phosphate concentration in maintaining highly productive systems.
Biological Effects of a Chemical Mutagen, Diepoxybutane, on Tomato
Authors: Emery George
Published: October 2006

Tomato seeds were treated with three concentrations of 1:2, 3:4-diepoxybutane. Seedling mutations were induced in high amounts with all doses, but other biological effects in the treated generation including delayed germination, chlorophyll-deficiency sectoring in the first true leaves, and failure of plants to bear fruit, were found only with the highest concentration. Neither a lethal nor a partially lethal dose was applied.
Effect of Synthetic Smog on Spontaneous Activity of Mice
Authors: Boche Robert D. , Quilligan, J. J.
Published: October 2006

Mice allowed to run in a revolving-drum activity cage are sensitive indicators of air pollution. They respond to the presence of synthetic smog by diminishing their 24-hour activity in the revolving wheels. The reduction in wheel activity is comparatively greater for larger amounts of smog.
Effects of Polyvalent Cobalt Salts on Human Cells in Tissue Culture
Authors: Lazzarini Abel. A. , Weissmann Gerald
Published: October 2006

Trivalent and hexavalent cobalt complexes have been tested to determine their ability to produce morphological changes in two different human cell cultures. Aortic intimal cells which produce mucopolysaccharides in vitro prove to be more susceptible than the nonmucopolysaccharide producing HeLa strain. This effect seems to be related to the reaction of polyanions such as ribonucleic acid, deoxyribonucleic acid, and chondroitin sulfate, with the complex cobalt salts.
Hypothesis Concerning the Role of Follicular Contractions in Ovulation
Authors: Lipner H. J. , Maxwell Barry A.
Published: October 2006

Autotransplants of ovarian tissue in the anterior chamber of the eye may be studied in the lightly anesthetized rabbit. Individual follicles in such implants, consisting of two to five follicles, have been observed to contract after subcutaneous injection of urine of pregnant women. after application of rat pituitary homogenate to the cornea, and 9 to 10 hours after cervical stimulation.
Complementation at the Maroon-like Eye-Color Locus of
Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Glassman Edward , Pinkerton William
Published: October 2006

Two "allelic"
Drosophila melanogaster
mutants which are deficient in xanthine dehydrogenase can complement one another in heterozygotes. This complementation is due to the production of small amounts of xanthine dehydrogenase, enough of which is present to restore the normal eye color. However, not enough of the enzyme is present to produce normal amounts of the enzyme products, or to reduce the accumulation of the enzyme substrates to levels found in wild-type flies.
Diurnal Cycles and Cannibalism in Planaria
Authors: Best Jay Boyd
Published: October 2006

Dugesia tigrina
attacks
Cura foremani
under certain circumstances. The length of fast prior to the attack and diurnal rhythms are involved in evoking such behavior.
New Quaternary Ammonium Compounds with Adrenomimetic Action
Authors: Lehman R. A. , Jewell H. A.
Published: October 2006

Quaternary salts of two triesters of
p
-dimethylaminothiophenol and phosphoric acid or thiophosphoric acid have effects similar to epinephrine on blood pressure, heart rate, and the nictitating membrane of the anesthetized cat. Two analogous compounds derived from phenol are depressor. None is a potent anticholinesterase. Further investigation is desirable because of the possibility of a relatively specific action on sympathetic ganglia.
Induced Somatic Mutations Affecting Erythrocyte Antigens
Authors: Scheinberg S. L. , Reckel R. P.
Published: October 2006

The frequency of inagglutinable erythrocytes was increased in pigeons following total body irradiation and in human polycythemic patients treated with P
32
. Persistence of the increased levels of inagglutinable cells was observed in pigeons retested at over 200 days after irradiation and in a polycythemic patient retested at 173 days posttreatment. These data provide additional evidence for the mutational origin of the antigen-lacking cells.
Isolation of Antibodies to Gelatin from Antigen-Antibody Complex by Proteolysis
Authors: Arnon Ruth , Sela Michael
Published: October 2006

Antibodies were isolated by digestion of the gelatin-antigelatin complex with collagenase and removal of the gelatin fragments by dialysis. The pure antibody could be precipitated anew by the antigen. Antibodies to tyrosylgelatin were isolated in a similar way, but in this case peptides containing the active antigenic sites remained bound to the antibody.
Marine Planation of Tropical Limestone Islands
Authors: Newell Norman D.
Published: October 2006

Geological studies in the western Atlantic indicate that sea level is now near its highest position since the Pleistocene, and that intertidal erosion at this level has been negligible. The evidence conflicts with the idea that many coral reefs were recently planed down from a higher stand of the sea.
Late Tertiary Microflora from the Basin and Range Province, Arizona
Authors: Gray Jane
Published: October 2006

Sediments of probable Clarendonian age from central Arizona have furnished the only late Tertiary pollen assemblage known from the Southwest. The associated trees, shrubs, and herbs resemble the chaparral and conifer-oak woodland communities of the semiarid foothills and mountains of central and southeastern Arizona, and suggest a late Tertiary landscape and climate for central Arizona similar to that of today.
Contribution of Hardtack Debris to Contamination of the Air during 1959
Authors: Lockhart L. B. , Patterson R. L. , Saunders A. W. , Black R. W.
Published: October 2006

A comparison of the concentrations of tungsten-185 and strontium-90 in the air at various times after the 1958 U.S. nuclear tests in the Pacific indicates that debris from this test series contributed less than 10 percent of the total Sr
90
content of the ground-level air at Miami and Washington during the spring of 1959.
Age Determination by X-ray Fluorescence Rubidium-Strontium Ratio Measurement in Lepidolite
Authors: Herzog Leonard F.
Published: October 2006

X-ray fluorescence analysis of several lepidolites whose rubidium and strontium concentrations had already been determined by neutron activation and stable isotope dilution, or both, indicates that this technique can be used for rapid nondestructive reconnaissance rubidium-strontium studies, and that an x-ray analysis method comparable in accuracy to isotope dilution can probably be developed for dating Precambrian lepidolites, as the simple technique presently used has many obvious possibilities for improvement.
Discrimination of Tones during Reinforcing Brain Stimulation
Authors: Beer Bernard , Valenstein Elliot S.
Published: October 2006

Hungry animals were trained to press a lever for brain stimulation. Different tones were presented concurrently with the stimulation. A second lever delivered food only during critical tone periods. Animals were able to discriminate tones presented concurrently with rewarding intracranial stimulation, and they also interrupted self-stimulation behavior to respond appropriately under other reinforcements.
Pigmy Marmoset as an Experimental Animal
Authors: Sobel Harry , Mondon Carl E. , Means Charles V.
Published: October 2006

The pigmy marmoset has been maintained under laboratory conditions for approximately 1½ years. A synthetic diet has been prepared, which includes milk, eggs, and lard, which may cause a fourfold increase in serum cholesterol levels. This species is proposed as an experimental subject for the study of aging and age-associated diseases.
Synxenic and Attempted Axenic Cultivation of Rotifers
Authors: Dougherty Ellsworth C. , Solberg Bjørn , Harris Larry G.
Published: October 2006

Three species of rotifers have now been grown synxenically and, to a limited extent, axenically.
Brachionus variabilis
thrives in suitable media containing
Chlorella pyrenoidosa
and a bacterial species.
Lecane inermis
and
Philodina acuticornis
var.
odiosa
are bacteriophagous, the former doing best with two bacterial species (dixenically), the latter doing well with
Escherichia coli
alone (monoxenically).
Studies on the Regulation of Fatty Acid and Cholesterol Synthesis in Avian Liver
Authors: Layne Ennis C. , Rudolph Guilford G. , Bessman Samuel P.
Published: October 2006

Homogenates of pigeon liver have been incubated with acetate-C
14
in excess. Simultaneously, substrate for glycolysis was provided as glucose-6-phosphate. The incorporation of carbon-14 into cholesterol was maximal at low levels of glycolysis, whereas fatty acid turnover was maximum at higher glycolytic levels. A regulatory mechanism is proposed to explain the differential synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids.
Experimental Shark Pens at the Lerner Marine Laboratory
Authors: Gilbert Perry W. , Kritzler Henry
Published: October 2006

A new facility has recently been added at the Lerner Marine Laboratory, Bimini, Bahamas, which makes it possible for the first time to work experimentally with large elasmobranchs up to 15 feet in length.
Biosynthesis of Chick Hemoglobins
Authors: Saha Anil , Ghosh Jharna
Published: October 2006

In vivo studies of the biosynthesis of chick hemoglobins 1 and 2 showed an over-all higher incorporation of glycine-2-C
14
, valine-4-C
14
, valine-1-C
14
, leucine-G-C
14
, and histidine-(2-ring)-C
14
in hemoglobin 2; in vitro studies made with intact nucleated chick erythrocytes showed the higher incorporation of glycine-2-C
14
, valine-1-C
14
, and histidine-(2-ring)-C
14
in hemoglobin 1. Hybridization of chick hemoglobins produced an electrophoretically distinguishable new component.
Seleno-Amino Acid Found in
Astragalus bisulcatus
Authors: Trelease Sam F. , Di Somma August A. , Jacobs Allen L.
Published: October 2006

Ion-exchange and filter-paper columns were used in a separation of amino acids from an extract of
Astragalus bisulcatus
. Two amino acids were identified, S-methylcysteine and Se-methylselenocysteine.
Cranial Capacity of
Oreopithecus bambolii
Authors: Straus William L. , Schön Miguel A.
Published: October 2006

From a plaster reconstruction of the skull of the August 1958 skeleton, the cranial capacity of
Oreopithecus bambolii
has been estimated as falling between 276 and 529 cubic centimeters, thus within the ranges of variation of both orangutan and chimpanzee. In cranial capacity, therefore, and probably in body-brain ratio as well,
Oreopithecus
is a hominoid.
On the Reported Inhibition of Monoamine Oxidase by an Agent with Sedative Properties
Authors: Spector Sydney , Shore Parkhurst A. , Brodie Bernard B.
Published: October 2006

1-Benzyl-2-methyl-5-methoxytryptamine has been reported, on the basis of indirect evidence, to inhibit monoamine oxidase. More direct experiments, however, demonstrate that the drug is devoid of the ability to block monoamine oxidase in brain in vitro or in vivo.
Verification of Earth's "Pear Shape" Gravitational Harmonic
Authors: Cohen C. J. , Anderle R. J.
Published: October 2006

Predictions of the orbit of the Transit 1B satellite were systematically in error until account was taken of a third-order gravitational harmonic. The amplitude deduced for this harmonic by O'Keefe from the Vanguard I orbit serves very well, even though the orbits and the methods of observation and orbit fitting for the two satellites are quite different.
Changes in Soluble Proteins of Developing Lily Anther physical characterization (10)
Authors: Nasatir Maimon , Bryan Ashley M. , Rodenberg Sidney D.
Published: October 2006

The extract of soluble proteins from
Lilium
anthers is characterized by four electrophoretic components. Three of the components show quantitative differences markedly correlated with the synchronized division of the microspores contained within the anthers. One of the components increases in amount before mitosis and disappears at mitosis; two of the components have peak values at the time of mitosis and decrease thereafter; a fourth component remains relatively constant in amount throughout.
Relation of Jupiter's Radio Emission at Long Wavelengths to Solar Activity
Authors: Warwick James W.
Published: October 2006

Since the spring of 1960 a strong positive correlation between Jupiter's decametric emission and solar decametric continuum emission observed at Boulder has been evident. The time delay of 1 to 2 days, with solar emission preceding Jupiter's emission, suggests that fast solar corpuscles, at velocities of the order of 0.1
c
, are directly involved in the planet's atmosphere or magnetic field.
Isolation of Uridine Diphosphate-Glycosyl Compounds from the Slug
Authors: Wheat Robert W.
Published: October 2006

An examination of the acid-soluble nucleotides of
Limax maximus
Linné revealed, among others, several uridine diphosphate-glycosyl compounds. Nucleotides isolated and identified were the uridine diphosphates of glucose, acetylglucosamine, and acetylgalactosamine.
Specific Inhibition of RH
0
(D) Antibody by Sialic Acids
Authors: Dodd Matthew C. , Bigley Nancy J. , Geyer Virginia B.
Published: October 2006

Agglutination of Rh
0
(D) erythrocytes by specific antiserum was inhibited by crude and crystalline N-acetylneuraminic acid, less inhibited by its glycoyl derivative, and weakly inhibited by its degradation product, N-acetyl-mannosamine, and by D-mannose. A brain ganglioside containing neuraminic acid and a
Pseudomonas
polysaccharide were even more inhibitory. Inhibition was specific for anti-D sera.
Venation Polymorphism and Genetic Variability in
Drosophila melanogaster
Loew
Authors: Bennett Jack , Capek Ronald L. , Kallstedt Thomas R. , Moisand Robert E.
Published: October 2006

Experimental evidence indicates that phenocopy production may provide an inflated estimate of the importance of genetic variability and recombination in the production of venation phenodeviants.
Callus Tissues from the Mosses
Polytrichum
and
Atrichum
Authors: Ward Max
Published: October 2006

Callus-like tissues, isolated from protonemal cultures of two species of mosses, grow vigorously and without marked differentiation on media containing sucrose, casamino acids, and coconut milk. On mineral agar and on media containing sorbitol the tissue from
Polytrichum
(found diploid) reverts to the growth pattern of apparently normal moss plants.
Observed Solar Pressure Perturbations of Echo I
Authors: Muhleman D. O. , Hudson R. H. , Hoi dridge D. B. , Carpenter R. L. , Oslund K. C.
Published: October 2006

During the period 13 August to 22 August, day-to-day determinations of the average orbital elements of the 100-foot Echo I balloon, based on observations taken at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory's Goldstone tracking station, indicated a decrease in perigee height of 3.0 km/day and an increase in the eccentricity of 0.00038 per day.
Possible Explanation of Fluoride-Induced Respiration in
Chlorella pyrenoidosa
Authors: McNulty I. B. , Lords James L.
Published: October 2006

Low concentrations of sodium fluoride significantly increase oxygen consumption and total phosphorylated nucleotides in respiring
Chlorella pyrenoidosa
. Measurements of gas exchange at several
p
H values indicate that the stimulation is probably related to the undissociated hydrogen fluoride concentration in the suspending media.
Parental Body Build and Developmental Progress in the Offspring
Authors: Garn Stanley M. , Clark Arthur , Landkof Lina , Newell Laura
Published: October 2006

Children selected for study according to the body build of their parents were found to differ in rate of growth and in timing of osseous development. Boys and girls with large-chested parents were taller and heavier during the growing period and were more advanced in skeletal development than offspring of narrow-chested parents.
Virus Isolated from Inclusion Conjunctivitis of Newborn (Inclusion Blennorrhea)
Authors: Hanna L. , Zichosch J. , Jawetz E. , Vaughan D. G. , Thygeson P.
Published: October 2006

An infant developed acute conjunctivitis 7 days after birth. Smears of the mucopurulent discharge contained many typical elementary-body inclusions. From conjunctival scrapings a virus resembling trachoma was grown in eggs. When instilled into monkey eyes, it produced an acute conjuctivitis resembling the human disease. Nine other patients with inclusion conjunctivitis of similar intensity failed to yield viruses.
Previous Breeding Experience and Hormone-Induced Incubation Behavior in the Ring Dove
Authors: Lehrman Daniel S. , Wortis Rochellee P.
Published: October 2006

Injected progesterone induces incubation behavior much faster, and in a higher percentage of cases, in doves with previous breeding experience than in those without such experience. The nature of the animal's previous experience is thus one of the variables influencing behavioral responses to exogenous hormones.
Isolation of
trans
-Aconitic Acid from the Moss
Mnium affine
Authors: Tachibana Sei , Meeuse Bastiaan J. D.
Published: October 2006

The water-soluble substance occurring in high concentration (up to 6 percent of the dry weight) in
Mnium affine
Bland. and forming the main fraction of the plant acids there, has been identified as trans-aconitic acid by nine different criteria. Evidence is presented in favor of the concept that the
trans
form in this case is the natural isomer and not an artifact derived from
cis
-aconitic acid. Information is given on the distribution of aconitic acid in other mosses and in liverworts.
Isolation of
Listeria monocytogenes
from Oat Silage
Authors: Gray M. L.
Published: October 2006

A culture of
Listeria monocytogenes
isolated from the brain of an infected sheep from a flock fed contaminated silage and cultures isolated from this silage were all serological type 4b, establishing a definite epidemiological relationship.
Appearance of a Substance in Acute Phase Serum Which Elicits Cx-Protein Responses
Authors: Riley Richard F. , Hokama Y.
Published: October 2006

Seromucoid was isolated from serum of rabbits during the acute inflammatory period following subcutaneous injection of an irritant and at times after whole body irradiation. It produced a Cx-protein response on intravenous injection into normal rabbits, an anamnestic response in immunized rabbits, leucocyte changes characteristic of inflammation, and marked toxicity in rabbits with reticuloendothelial system blockade. Normal seromucoid did not possess these properties.
Identification of the Volatile Factor Involved in Spermatocyte Differentiation in vitro
Authors: Laufer Hans , Berman Ronald H.
Published: October 2006

Ketchel and Williams postulated a "volatile factor" which participates in the differentiation of insect spermatocytes in vitro. It was found not to be a specific product of developing cysts. Instead, its effects are duplicated by a number of reagents which have only a high water content in common. The hypothesis that the volatile factor is water was experimentally confirmed.
Cytochrome
c
Reductase of Tri- and Diphosphopyridine Nucleotides in Rat Lens
Authors: Lerman Sidney
Published: October 2006

The ocular lens of the 28- to 32-day-old rat contains an active hexose monophosphate shunt pathway for the combustion of glucose. Triphosphopyridine nucleotide (TPNH) cytochrome
c
reductase is present in this organ and is approximately one-third more active than diphosphopyridine nucleotide (DPNH) cytochrome
c
reductase. Since there is no transhydrogenase activity in these lenses, and since DPNH lactic dehydrogenase is 15 times as active as TPNH lactic dehydrogenase, the presence of an active TPNH cytochrome
c
reductase may provide this organ with the means of reoxidizing the relatively large amounts of TPNH formed by the direct oxidative pathway of glucose metabolism. Although TPNH oxidation in other tissues has not as yet been shown to yield adenosine triphosphate (ATP) directly, it is possible that such a mechanism may be operative in the rat lens.
Serum Glutamic Oxalacetic Transaminase Content in Hypothermia
Authors: Blair Emil , Hook Robert , Tolley Howard , Bunce G. Edwin
Published: October 2006

When the body temperature of pentobarbitalized dogs was lowered, by surface-immersion technique, to 27°-26°C, elevations in serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase were found only after a period of prolonged hypothermia (12 hours). When the animals were rewarmed, serum levels returned to normal. Histologic study of organs rich in glutamic oxalacetic transaminase revealed no necrosis. The cause for the elevations is not known, although increased membrane permeability secondary to prolonged cold may be a factor.
Concentration by Freeze-Thaw
Authors: Gibor A.
Published: October 2006

A simple procedure for concentrating aqueous solution by freezing is described. Solutions are frozen in test tubes, which are insulated on the sides and bottom, and allowed to thaw during centrifugation. Fractionation of solutes could also be achieved.
Relations between Whitefly and Sweetpotato Tissue in Transmission of Yellow Dwarf Virus
Authors: Hildebrand E. M.
Published: October 2006

One approach revealed the nature of the piercing-sucking-feeding mechanism of the abutilon whitefly,
Trialeurodes abutilonea,
a new vector of sweetpotato yellow dwarf virus. It showed the complete stylet from its origin in the rostrum to its termination in the plant's translocation stream. Another approach clearly delineated and confirmed the life cycle of the abutilon whitefly in relation to physical function and duration of each of the six stages.
Lipids of
Ankistrodesmus braunii
Authors: Williams Virginia R. , McMillan Rosamond
Published: October 2006

Ankistrodesmus braunii
was grown to stationary phase on a chemically defined medium and its cellular lipids were analyzed. The lipid content was found to vary from 18 to 73 percent of dry weight for cultures of different age and method of analysis. The pigments of the nonsaponifiable fraction were separated by adsorption chromatography and counter-current extraction and tentatively identified. The fatty acid fraction was converted to the corresponding methyl esters and analyzed by gas chromatography. The principal fatty acids present were: palmitic, oleic, and linolenic acids. Traces were detected of caprylic, capric, lauric, and palmitoleic acids.
On Antimatter and Cosmology
Authors: Kevane C. J.
Published: October 2006

A cosmological model based on a gravitational plasma of matter and antimatter is discussed. The antigravitational interaction of matter and antimatter leads to segregation and an expansion of the plasma universe. The expansion time scale is controlled by the aggregation time scale.
Observations on the Sexual Stage of
Colletotrichum orbiculare
Authors: Jenkins S. F. , Winstead N. N.
Published: October 2006

An isolate of the fungus
Colletotrichum orbiculare
(syn.
C. lagenarium
) race 1 that forms perithecia in culture was isolated from edible gourd in North Carolina. This isolate has been identified as a species of
Glomerella
. The isolate produces very few ascopores when selfed; however, ascospores are produced in abundance when mated with certain other isolates of
C. orbiculare
.
Plaque Reduction, a Sensitive Test for Eastern Encephalitis Antibody
Authors: Daniels Joan B. , Ratner Joan J. , Brown Sylvia R.
Published: October 2006

Serologic surveys of vertebrates to determine rates of eastern encephalitis infection were made to discover the most likely disseminators of virus in nature. Of the techniques available, neutralization is the most specific, and antibody is known to persist for many years. This communication reports a fivefold increase in sensitivity of neutralizing-antibody detection by the application of a plaque-reducing technique.
Nondiscriminated Avoidance Behavior in Human Subjects
Authors: Stone George C.
Published: October 2006

College students were required to learn a plunger-pulling response to postpone the occurrence of a shock or to avoid the loss of a monetary reward. Marked individual differences in the response patterns appeared in the first hour and persisted through 20 hours of testing. These differences overshadowed those produced by moderate alterations in the schedule or value of the aversive event.
Multi-Resistant
Aedes aegypti
in Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands
Authors: Fox Irving , Garcia-Moll Ileana
Published: October 2006

The Isla Verde, Puerto Rico, laboratory colony, highly resistant to DDT and dieldrin in 1959, became even more so by 1960; resistance to organic phosphates was also greater than before. In laboratory tests Bayer 29493 was best for killing resistant larvae and adults. It is improved with piperonyl butoxide at the ratio of 10:1.
Bioluminescence in Chesapeake Bay
Authors: Seliger H. H. , Fastie W. G. , McElroy W. D.
Published: October 2006

Bioluminescence measurements made by stimulation of the organisms in a jet of water directed at the face of a phototube have increased the sensitivity of data by a factor of 1000 over "spontaneous" luminescence measurements. In light-baffled cells it has been possible to map the surface bioluminescence of large areas continuously in broad daylight. Measurements of intensity versus depth during both day and night do not show any appreciable diurnal variation in maximum intensity, although there does appear to be a vertical migration of intensity.
Production of Biologically Active Compounds by Isolated Lichenized Fungi
Authors: Ahmadjian Vernon , Reynolds John T.
Published: October 2006

Fungi which were separated from their lichenized associations and cultured independently produced several unusual and highly pigmented compounds. Certain of these compounds exhibited marked inhibitory activity against test strains of gram-positive bacteria and free-living molds; others showed a growth stimulatory effect on selected bacterial species.
High Incidences of Transmissible Kidney Tumors in Uninoculated Frogs Maintained in a Laboratory
Authors: Rafferty Keen A. , Rafferty Nancy S.
Published: October 2006

Various workers have shown that the Lucké carcinoma, a transmissible kidney tumor of the leopard frog, occurs spontaneously at low incidence (6.7 percent maximum). However, we have consistently observed much higher incidences (50 percent maximum), a finding of probable significance in the epidemiology and natural transmission of the tumor. Age, metabolic level, and cross infection are being investigated as possible factors in determining the tumor incidence.
Preliminary Geologic Report on the 1960 U.S. Expedition to Bellingshausen Sea, Antarctica
Authors: Craddock Campbell , Hubbard Harold A.
Published: October 2006

Thurston Peninsula, although largely snow covered, exposes massive to foliated dioritic rock and schist exhibiting northeast-trending structures. One basalt pebble was found. The adjacent continental shelf is cut by submarine valleys. Peter I Island, a dissected basaltic volcano 250 miles to the northeast, was visited.
Stability of Protein in Intestinal Epithelial Cells
Authors: Lipkin M. , Almy T. P. , Quastler H.
Published: October 2006

In vivo measurements have revealed a high degree of stability of synthesized protein in rapidly proliferating intestinal epithelial cells. A slow loss of protein has been found during migration of mature cells to the villus tip.
Oxygen Consumption of Tissues in the Human Lung
Authors: Fritts H. W. , Richards D. W. , Cournand A.
Published: October 2006

A method for estimating the metabolic rate of the human pulmonary tissues is described. Six patients with far advanced pulmonary tuberculosis showed an average rate of 12 percent of the total oxygen consumption. A method for measuring the right ventricular output with an inert gas is also outlined, and the use of this approach to minimize errors in the estimation of the tissue metabolic rate is described.
Bulbar Control of Cortical Arousal
Authors: Bonvallet Marthe , Bloch Vincent
Published: October 2006

In the cat, the cortical arousal induced by reticular or nociceptive stimulation is more intense and more long-lasting after elimination of the caudal and medial part of the medulla than in preparations with intact brain. This difference is explained by the intervention of a phasic-ascending inhibitory bulbar control secondarily triggered by the mesencephalic activating system.
Afferent Units in Dorsal Roots of Cat Driven by Respiration
Authors: Siebens A. A. , Puletti F.
Published: October 2006

Single-fiber activity synchronous with breathing was recorded from the dorsal roots of thoracic segments in anesthetized cats. Activity of these fibers varied in frequency and in phase relationship to the respiratory cycle. It is concluded that large numbers of proprioceptors within the thoracic wall are activated during each inspiration and each expiration.
Rare Tumor in Coast Redwood,
Sequoia sempervirens
Authors: Emanuel C. F.
Published: October 2006

A rare tumor on a conifer,
Sequoia sempervirens
, is described as it appears
in situ
and in section. Evidence is given which indicates, but does not prove, that the tumor had a developmental origin.
Nitrogen Deficiency and Fluoride Susceptibility of Bean Seedlings
Authors: Adams D. F. , Sulzbach C. W.
Published: October 2006

Groups of bean seedlings (
Phaseolus vulgaris
) were grown concurrently in cleaned and fluoride-containing (4 to 7 μg of F
-
per cubic meter) air in plant-growth chambers for 10 and 20 days with six water-culture treatments: Hoaglund's formulation and Hoaglund's minus potassium, calcium, nitrogen, phosphorus, and iron. An inadvertent 15-hour exposure on day 15 (at 42 μg/m
3
) produced foliar fluorosis symptoms only on the nitrogen-deficient plants fumigated 20 days, although higher fluoride concentrations were present in the foliage of similar plants grown in the other nutrient-deficient solutions.
Haptoglobin Types in Poland
Authors: Murawski K. , Miszczak T.
Published: October 2006

The frequency of the
Hp
1
gene in Polish subjects is 0.36. This frequency is lower than that in Western European populations and higher than that in Asiatic populations. We suggest that the increase in frequency of this gene from East to West has a regular continuous character that may be attributed to a still-unclear genetic mechanism.
Perspective on Function of Free Space in Ion Uptake by Roots
Authors: Bernstein Leon , Gardner W. R.
Published: October 2006

An observed effect of longitudinal flow rate through corn roots on phosphate transport is shown to be inconsistent with diffusion theory. R. C. Smith's results confirm rather the existence of a diffusion barrier between the xylem and the free space external to the central cylinder of the root.
Substance in Peripheral Nerve Which Influences Oxygen Uptake
Authors: Heller Irving H. , Hesse Sigurd
Published: October 2006

Rat sciatic nerve contains a substance that diffuses into the surrounding medium and causes a fresh normal nerve to respire at an increased rate. Both the utilization of glucose and the increase in oxygen uptake with electrical stimulation of nerves in the presence or absence of glucose appear to be dependent on the presence of this substance.
Sparing of Folinic Acid by Thymidine
Authors: Grossowicz Nathan , Mandelbaum Frederika
Published: October 2006

Thymidine, which is inactive when added alone to
Pediococcus cerevisiae
(
Leuconostoc citrovorum
) 8081, was found to increase its growth in the presence of folinic acid. The addition of thymidine increased both the sensitivity of the folinic acid assay and the total growth yield. The mechanism of the synergistic effect of thymidine is briefly discussed.
Action of Gamma-Irradiation on Dimethyl Uracil in Aqueous Solution in Absence of Oxygen
Authors: Scholes G. , Ward J. F. , Weiss J. J.
Published: October 2006

The action of ionizing radiations on dimethyl uracil in aqueous solution, in the absence of oxygen, was found to lead to the formation of the 4-dihydro, 5-hydroxy dimethyl uracil (I), shown to be identical with that formed by the action of ultraviolet radiation. In addition, the corresponding 4,5-glycol (II) has also been identified as one of the reaction products.
Search for Evidence of Axial Current Flow in Peripheral Nerves of Salamander
Authors: Becker Robert O.
Published: October 2006

The demonstrated association of the d-c bioelectric field with central nervous system elements implies the longitudinal flow of charge carriers within that system. Transverse d-c voltages, attributed to the Hall effect, have been obtained from the extremities of intact salamanders under circumstances suggesting such electric current. These voltages disappeared after nerve section, and their magnitude was related to the depth of anesthesia.
Variable Expressivity of a Mutant Gene in Leopard Frog
Authors: Volpe E. Peter
Published: October 2006

The genetic distinction between the nonspotted, or burnsi, mutant and the common-spotted, wild-type leopard frog is not simply unifactorial. The burnsi phenotype is a manifestation of genic interaction between a major pigmentary locus and a complex of modifiers (minor genes with small effects).
Dating Desert Ground Water
Authors: Thatcher Leland , Rubin Meyer , Brown Glen F.
Published: October 2006

Tritium in Arabian rainfall has followed the trend observed in North America with peaks in 1958 and the spring of 1959. These measurements will be useful for future hydrologic studies. Water from wadi gravels averages 10 yr old. Carbon-14 measurements of deep waters indicate ages of several thousand years.
Radioprotective Activity of a Phenanthrene Derivative in Mice
Authors: Rooks Wendell H. , Dorfman Ralph I.
Published: October 2006

2-Acetyl-7-oxo-1,2,3,4,4a,4b,5,6,7,9,10,10a-dodecahydrophenanthrene possessed radioprotective activity when injected subcutaneously (in sesame oil) into 20-day-old male Swiss mice once daily for the 10 days prior to irradiation by cobalt-60 at 30 days of age. Female mice similarly treated were not protected.
Seasonal Changes in Osmotic Pressure of Flounder Sera
Authors: Pearcy W. G.
Published: October 2006

The freezing point depression of sera collected from flounder during the winter averaged 1.15°C, whereas it averaged 0.63°C for sera collected during the summer. Elevated concentration of sodium and chloride ions were found for the winter samples of sera, but NaCl explained only a fraction of the seasonal increase in osmolarity.
Variation in Clones of
Penstemon
Growing in Natural Areas of Differing Radioactivity
Authors: Osburn William S.
Published: October 2006

A study to determine whether or not the relatively high radioactivity of a natural area has produced detectable morphological effects on plants of the species
Penstemon virens,
a plant of rather plastic morphology, has been conducted in the Central City region of Colorado for over 2 years. While no differences in kinds of anomalies were found to exist between plants growing in the sites of highest and lowest radioactivity, the number of anomalies was greater in plants from sites of greatest radioactivity.
Antifungal Agent
Authors: Egeberg Margaret C. , Elconin Ann F. , Egeberg Roger O.
Published: October 2006

From the soil of the San Joaquin Valley a fungus has been isolated, an extract of which inhibits the growth of
Coccidioides immitis
on Sabouraud's medium. An acute toxicity study in mice indicates a certain tolerance of the extract. Tentative identification indicates that the fungus is a penicillium.
Spontaneous Occurrence of Chromosome Abnormality in Cats
Authors: Thuline H. C. , Norby Darwin E.
Published: October 2006

A syndrome in male cats analogous to chromatin-positive Klinefelter's syndrome in human males has been demonstrated. The physical characteristics which suggested an abnormality of chromosome number in cats were "calico" or "tortoise-shell" coat colors in a male. Buccal mucosal smears were found to have "female-type" patterns in two out of 12 such male cats screened, and these two were found to have a diploid chromosome number of 39 rather than the normal 38. Testicular biopsy performed on one revealed an abnormal pattern; no gonadal tissue was found in the other cat with an abnormal chromosome number. These findings indicate that the cat, in addition to the mouse, is available for experimental study of chromosome number abnormalities.
Simian Malaria in the Philippines
Authors: Howard Lee M. , Cabrera Benjamin D.
Published: October 2006

The first field study of simian malaria in the Philippines found that malaria occurred in 8.6 percent of the animals tested. Although based on a very limited study, this report suggests that the simian reservoir of malaria is probably of limited significance for the human population in the Philippines.
Differential Acuity of the Two Eyes and the Problem of Ocular Dominances
Authors: Crovitz Herbert F.
Published: October 2006

While it has long been thought that no relationship exists between the eye of greater visual acuity and the eye favored in sighting, the data collected suggest the need for a re-examination of this issue. Sighting-dominance and acuity-dominance were associated. In addition, most individuals tested showed acuity-dominance of the left eye.
Polymeric Particles of Protein Insoluble at
p
H 5 from Rat Liver
Authors: Leone Charles A. , Redstone Marion
Published: October 2006

A procedure is given for approximating the volumes of small particles of protein insoluble at
p
H 5. Among particles smaller than 2.08 x 10
7
cubic angstroms the change in size was linear. The distribution of sizes indicated a polymeric relationship among the particles.
Color Induction and Hue Discrimination
Authors: Bivens Lyle W.
Published: October 2006

A very close relationship has been found between hue discrimination thresholds and the differences in wavelength necessary to produce "full color" from two monochromatic light sources. This finding suggests a need for certain research in the area of color induction.
Seedling Albinism Induced by an Extract of
Alternaria tenuis
Authors: Ryan G. F. , Greenblatt G. , Al-Delaimy K. A.
Published: October 2006

The chlorophyll deficiency in citrus seedlings known as albinism was induced by inoculating seed with certain clones of
Alternaria tenuis,
or by germination of the seed in contact with extracts from the fungus. The active material in the extracts apparently has a rather specific inhibiting effect on chlorophyll formation in seedlings of various species.
Reversal of Phenylalkylamine Tachyphylaxis by Norepinephrine
Authors: Cowan F. F. , Cannon C. , Koppanyi T. , Maengwyn-Davies G. D.
Published: October 2006

Since the responses to "neurosympathomimetic amines" are reduced in the reserpinized animal and restored by norepinephrine administration, it was postulated that norepinephrine might also affect the development of their tachyphylaxis. We found that norepinephrine infusion restored, at least partially, certain tachyphylactic responses to amphetamine or ephedrine and fully prevented the development of tachyphylaxis to tyramine.
Who Participates in Local Politics and Why
Authors: Dahl Robert A.
Published: October 2006

A survey of registered voters in New Haven in 1959 indicated that only a few citizens participate much in local affairs by any action other than voting, and that variations in participation are related to variations in resources, political confidence, alternative opportunities, and rewards.

The more resources one has (income, education, occupational standing, social standing, and so on), the more one is likely to participate. However, because the number of better-off citizens is small, citizens with smaller resources generally outnumber the better-off citizens at every level of political participation.

The more confident one is of his capacity to be effective in political matters, the more one participates actively in local affairs. This relationship tends to strengthen the influence of middle-class citizens and to weaken the influence of working-class citizens.

The fewer the alternatives a citizen has to politics as a means to achieve his goals, the more likely he is to participate actively. Thus, in New Haven, Negroes are among the most active participants in local affairs.

The greater the rewards a citizen receives or expects to receive from politics, the greater is his participation. Thus, the more "concerned" he is over politics, the greater is his participation. And the more "problems" he thinks the community is faced with, the greater is his participation likely to be.
Use of Fat-Soluble Fluorescent Brighteners on Microorganisms
Authors: Lycette Richard M. , Hedrick Leslie R.
Published: October 2006

We have applied a fat-soluble fluorescent aid to certain microorganisms. The aid, a stilbyl triazole compound, fluoresced more in the presence of certain strains of flocculating brewing yeasts than in the presence of nonflocculating types. The work suggested the possibility that flocculating yeasts may possess more surface lipids than the nonflocculating organisms. The performance of the compound on rapidly growing cell centers and bacterial spores is described, and the possible application of the technique to other areas of microbiology is outlined.
Correlation of Chemical Structure and Taste in the Saccharin Series
Authors: Hamor Glenn H.
Published: October 2006

Results of experiments with approximately 80 saccharin derivatives show that substitution in the number 2 or 3 position gives tasteless compounds. Substitution in the benzene ring of saccharin with the electron-withdrawing nitro group gives a bitter tasting substance. Substitution with an electron-donating group results in a sweet taste. Perhaps a "lock and key" fit at a receptor site is necessary for taste.
Recent Change in the Pattern of Tree Growth in Northern Arizona
Authors: Glock Waldo S. , Agerter Sharlene R. , Smith David G.
Published: October 2006

A significant change in growth pattern among the ponderosa pines (
Pinus ponderosa
Laws.) of the Flagstaff region, northern Arizona, occurred in 1947-1948. This is the first such change since 1904-1905. Evidence appears to verify the existence of a tension zone which fluctuates in altitude as a result of changes in the distribution and quantity of the rainfall as recorded through soil moisture.
Electron Diffraction from Coals
Authors: Ergun Sabri , McCartney J. T.
Published: October 2006

Electron diffraction patterns have been obtained for coals of different rank by transmission through ultrathin sections 500 to 2000 angstroms thick. Analysis of these patterns for the distribution of atoms in coals by Debye radial distribution functions should furnish information complementary to that derived from x-ray studies, considering the differences in wavelength of the radiation involved and the different mechanisms governing the diffraction.