bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Language reclamation in the family
Authors: Lane Pia
Published: January 2024

Oppressive policies have led to a devaluation of Indigenous cultural and linguistic practices, which in turn have contributed to disruption of language transmission in the family. In this article, I take a longitudinal perspective by first discussing the role of the family in language shift and then exploring how people who have learned Sámi (an Indigenous language in Norway) in the educational system decide to speak Sámi when they become parents. I draw on data from sociolinguistic interviews, fieldwork, interviews in the media, blogs and my own background from a coastal Sámi family. The goal of this article is to explore the motivations and experiences of Sámi parents who decide to speak Sámi with their children and to discuss how some of the challenges faced by these parents may be the result of silences brought about by our colonial past, in this case the domination of Norwegian. Language reclamation is a form of decolonization because agency resides with the speakers and because this may contribute to disrupting colonial heritage and heal hurts from the past.
Clinical and biomechanical foundation of application of the exoskeleton Exoatlet at walking of patients with poststroke disturbances
Authors:   Moscow State University, Pismennaya Elena , Petrushanskaya Kira ,   ExoAtlet, Kotov Sergey ,   Moscow regional research clinical institute named after M.F. Vladimirsky, Avedikov Georgy ,   ExoAtlet, Mitrofanov Ivan ,   ExoAtlet, Tolstov Kirill ,   ExoAtlet, Efarov Vadim ,   ExoAtlet
Published: January 2024

Influence of training in the exoskeleton on the biomechanical and innervative structure of walking of patients with the ischemic stroke has been revealed for the first time in Russia. It has been established that the most expressed locomotor disturbances in patients with the ischemic stroke are seen in combination of recurvation (hyperextension) at a knee joint with equinus deformation of the foot, which is characterized by its stable plantar flexion or equinovarus deformation of the foot and ankle joint (invertion inside and plantar flexion of the foot). Biomechanical and innervative structure of walking in 5 patients with consequences of the ischemic stroke in 3‒4 months after the beginning of the disease has been considered. The main disorders of the biomechanical structure of walking in these patients have been determined, namely, decrease of walking velocity, cadence and double step length, expressed asymmetry of the temporal, kinematic and dynamic parameters, disappearance of the separate phases of the locomotor cycle, change of the pattern of movements, reduction of the support and push functions of the lower extremities, remarkable transformation of electromyography pattern of muscles. Method of application of the exoskeleton in this contingent of patients has been demonstrated in this article, which includes determination of duration of the session of training, duration of the course, distance, which patient could walk for the session. It has been revealed, that the following changes take place after 10‒days course of training in the exoskeleton: increase of walking velocity, cadence and step length, complete elimination of the temporal asymmetry, growth of the support and push functions of the lower extremities, enhancement of amplitude of angular displacements at the joints of the lower extremities, inconsiderable improvements of electromyography pattern of muscles.
The problem of "gymnast" motion control in free flight and during the transition in the state of contact with the support
Authors:   Mechanics Research Institute of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lavrovskii Eduard
Published: January 2024

The study from the position of theoretical mechanics discusses some aspects of the jump down of the "gymnast" – athlete (or the robot – "gymnast") from the "crossbar". We discuss all phases of the jump in the planar case. "Gymnast" body is modeled as three-links physical pendulum, however, after departing from the "crossbar" and lowering the "hands" model the dynamic system becomes two-links pendulum. For a two-links model in the regime of "kinematic" control, we deal with the process of lowering hands, free flight, the output of the "legs" on the frame (absolutely inelastic impact) and holding operation in support phase with the aim of vertical stabilize of the pendulum system. Mode "kinematic control" means the ability to instantly change the angle between the links of the body (in some limits). For each of the phases of movement, we found a convenient form of describing dynamical equations. These equations are based on the use as a variable momentum of the system relative to various points of the body or space. The order of this system of equations is lower than for the full order system. The stage of calm "gymnast" that occurs after the foot on the surface of the support, will also be examined on the basis of special system of equations of this type. It was shown, that we can use numerical analysis to build the region of controllability for transition of the two-links model in a state of stabilization, corresponding to the equality of the horizontal coordinate of the support foot and the center of gravity of the two-links pendulum system. The algorithm of stabilizing control is designed. The results of presented of the analysis of the problem allow us to construct a convenient approximate model of the phenomenon as a whole, and to use it to control a robotic counterpart. As an example, it is considered one of the cases of motion that corresponds to the anthropomorphic model.
Assessing Reliability of Laboratory Method Performance Validations for Informing Data Inference Across Survey Cycles, NHANES
Authors: Chuang Kevin , Rammon Jennifer , Shin Hee-Choon , Chen Te-Ching
Published: January 2024

This report provides health data from the National Center for Health Statistics.
IDEA DE NEGOCIOS PARA LA FABRICACIÓN DE CREMAS ARTESANALES HIDRATANTES CON KARITÉ
Authors: Cortes Brayan Stiven , Gallego Medina Camilo Andrés , Penagos Daniela Carolina , García Díaz Diana Marcela , Díaz Jiménez Javier Felipe , Gaffaro Garcia Alix Johana
Published: January 2024

El presente plan de negocio es innovador de acuerdo con la investigación a las otras marcas que se imponen en el mercado, el añadir productos cosméticos a base de materias primas naturales, crear una propuesta que cumpla con las exigencias en el mercado, donde sus productos serán de ingredientes provenientes de la naturaleza proporcionan mejores beneficios a corto y largo plazo. El objetivo general de esta investigación es diseñar una idea de negocio mediante la elaboración de un estudio de organización y métodos para una crema hidratante corporal artesanal hecha con productos naturales en donde no se pruebe con animales y cuide el medio ambiente generando una tendencia de consumo responsable aumentando las ventas en un 10% llegando a distribuirse a nivel local. Se realizó primero un análisis del entorno micro y macro para poder conocer la industria cosmética y de aseo dentro de Colombia, se identificaron aspectos como aporte al país, situación actual del sector; también se hizo una investigación de mercado para saber la opinión de las personas frente a la propuesta, teniendo un referente para la viabilidad del proyecto; y en general se desarrollaron estudios como: organizacional, técnico, legal y financiero obteniendo como resultado la identificación del portafolio de productos, maquinaria para la elaboración, proceso de los registros necesarios para la comercialización de los productos y por ultimo y los costos de producción y gastos que se necesitan para el montaje de la empresa. Los productos pretenden aportar y ayudar al crecimiento del sector en Colombia, contribuyendo al cambio de la cultura al momento de utilizar productos de belleza, ya que el auge en el sector son los productos cosméticos a base de derivados naturales para la protección y cuidado del cuerpo.
Observing Teachers’ Emotional Expression in Their Interaction with Students
Authors:   University of Ljubljana, Prosen Simona , Smrtnik Vitulić Helena ,   University of Ljubljana, Poljšak Škraban Olga ,   University of Ljubljana
Published: January 2024

The purpose of the study is to establish the types of emotions that are expressed by primary school teachers, their frequency, and the situations that trigger them. Teachers were observed by primary education students during their practical work at school. The observations of 108 teachers in 93 primary schools in Slovenia were analysed. The results show that teachers express a variety of emotions with the unpleasant ones prevailing. Anger was the most frequently expressed emotion. The situations that triggered emotions were varied. Among them, students’ discipline and academic achievement triggered the majority of pleasant and unpleasant emotions in teachers.
Documentation and Management of Conflicts in Science Classrooms: Experience from Nigeria
Authors:   Adekunle Ajasin University, AkungbaAkoko, Ondo State, Nigeria, Oloruntegbe Kunle O. , Mahabubul Alam Gazi ,   Univeristy of Malaysia, University of Malaya, Syed Zamri Sharifah N.A. ,   Univeristy of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: January 2024

Issues and controversies are part of student variables and characteristics in science learning. Not many teachers are prepared for the kinds of challenges that are capable of engendering new ideas and innovations when they occur in the science classroom. This study investigated the nature of conflicts that are generated in the science classroom. One hundred and four lessons taught by 15 pre-service science teachers in a few Nigerian secondary schools were analyzed. Fifteen negative conflicts were documented. The analysis of the responses to the questionnaire administered to another sample of 220 in-service science teachers not only confirmed the extent and gave the frequency of occurrences of these negative conflicts, but ranked students’ poor home background the highest cause of them. Good methods of teaching, adequately equipped laboratories, provision of an appropriate stimulating environment and training were ranked highest among the remedial strategies suggested by the respondents in tackling conflicts and controversies in the classrooms. Those useful but predictable findings are part of teachers’ customary narratives. For that reason, this study sought to constitute those surface experiences afresh and at deep level perceptions and resolve the conflicts through engaging students in out-of-school activities like visits to a science museum and community exposure.
Educational Strategies of Teachers with Various Senses of Efficacy
Authors:   Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika, Chomczyńska-Rubacha Mariola , Rubacha Krzysztof ,   Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika
Published: January 2024

The main objective of this study was to verify the hypothesis about the relationship between a sense of efficacy and educational strategies for teachers, conceptualized as a heteronomy – autonomy dimension. A move towards autonomous strategies should be linked to a strong sense of efficacy in teachers. The study, planned in this manner, was to verify the concept of education strategy discussed in this article, and the ability to predict educational strategies in schools based on the knowledge of the sense of efficacy in the teachers implementing them. The results positively verify these hypotheses, but also show the problematic ruling which of the strategies (heteronymous or autonomous) is more effective in the perception of teachers.
Field Qualifications: A Framework Suggestion
Authors:   Istanbul University, Toprak Metin , Erdoğan Armağan ,   Turkish Council of Higher Education, Açikgöz Ömer ,   General Director of Vocational and Technical Education, Ministry of National Education
Published: January 2024

Within the last decade the most significant development of the European Union in the education field has been the Bologna Process. The reference point of the Process is the European Qualifications Framework at the international level, and national qualifications framework at the national level. The Bologna term of “sector qualifications” is dealt with in two different meanings. The first is related to the hierarchy of the field of education from programme to broad field in the UNESCO approach. The second is sector standards determined according to the needs of economic sectors. This paper is devoted to developing the field architecture of the scientific family of program qualifications. In this work, while the field qualifications have been developed in Turkey, international standard classifications of education, occupations and industries were taken into account; and moreover, qualifications were developed from the vertically and horizontally hierarchical point of view, and chronological perspective. In this work, it is suggested that EQF-LLL and NQF can also be applied to all types of field qualifications.
University Students’ Motivation and Impulse Buyer Behavior
Authors:   Quest International University Perak, Malaysia, Tat Huam Hon , Kai Chuah Boon ,   Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia, Senin Aslan Amat ,   Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia, Rasli Amran Md ,   Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia, Bagozzi Richard P. ,   University of Michigan, U.S.A
Published: January 2024

There are contradictive explanations in the literature on the impulse buying behavior. Some research shows that consumers view impulse buying normatively wrong, while other research reveals that consumers buy impulsively. The purpose of this study is to examine the motivations of impulse buying behavior and to investigate the relationship between each set of motivation and decisions which lead to university students’ impulse buying behavior. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of impulse buying behavior. The results show that hedonistic desires, perceived decision-making accuracy and perceived decision effort were the determinants of impulse buying. As a recommendation, business strategies targeting Malaysians in this university should be carried out by considering their potential motivations and university students should not over-rely on their impulsiveness traits as complimentary purchasing alternative.
The Contribution of Sport to Prosocial Behavior in Youth
Authors:   University of Novi Sad, Serbia, Knežević Florić Olivera , Ninković Stefan ,   University of Novi Sad, Serbia
Published: January 2024

For proper organization of sport and physical education in general, it is necessary to obtain empirical evidence on how sport influences youth’s social and moral development. To that effect, the research aim was to provide empirical data on the existence or non-existence of a connection between doing sport and prosocial behavior of the young. An appropriate questionnaire of pro-social behavior estimation was implemented on the sample of 61 students aged 12–14. The research findings show that there is a significant difference in the level of display of certain forms of prosocial behavior among the young athletes and their peers that are not engaged in organized sport activities. Further, it was established that the type of sport influences the level of pro-social behavior manifestation. It was not found whether the length of doing sport is correlated with the pro-social behavior of adolescents. The results obtained point that organized sport activities represent the context having positive effects on the development of pro-social behavior of the young.
System of Vocational Education in Poland – Ways of Evaluation
Authors:   Silesian University of Technology, Pradela Agata
Published: January 2024

The article presents results of research on the evaluation of important aspects of vocational education conducted among employers and students. The study was conducted to indicate the scope of cooperation between schools and entrepreneurs. It provided a new knowledge concerning the evaluation of vocational education. The first stage of the research was connected with employers’ requirements for graduates and opinions of their qualifications and skills. The second one dealt with the evaluation of vocational training in the opinions of employers and pupils. Finally, the research helped to indicate employers’ and students’ concepts of the development of the system of vocational education.
Assessment of Modern Loanwords by the Contemporary Czech Youth
Authors:   University of Ostrava, Svobodová Diana
Published: January 2024

The article deals with specific symptoms of formal adaptation of modern loanwords within various spheres of language and their usage and assessment by the contemporary Czech pupils and students. It is based on the results of long-term research and extensive questionnaire search concentrated on the written forms of selected Anglicisms.
Comparing Brain Activation between Students who Use Digital Textbooks and Those who Use Conventional Paper Textbooks
Authors:   Korea University, Seomun Gyeongae , Yang Eunjoo ,   Korea University, Kim Eun-Young ,   Dong-A University, Kim Eun-Jung ,   National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency, Noh Wonjung ,   Korea University
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of digital textbooks and conventional paper textbooks on brain activation during problem solving among elementary-school students. Subjects included 54 6th grade students who used either digital textbooks or paper textbooks. We measured theta waves, alpha waves, beta waves, and gamma waves using PolyG-I (LAXTHA Inc.). We found significant effects of the textbook type for all brainwaves in the prefrontal lobes. Our results suggest that the use of digital textbooks will enhance the development of cognitive and thinking processes during learning.
The Academic E-Teacher in E-Learning
Authors:   Wyższa Szkoła Humanistyczna TWP in Szczecin, Wenta Kazimierz
Published: January 2024

Issues concerning the e-university teacher in the context of e-learning as an implemented from-method of education are solved on the basis of literature and quality environmental research. Theoretical analysis covers a range of media pedagogy and academic pedeutology and quality research the students of postgraduate and extra-mural studies participated in. Developed research material revealed that there are two perspectives ahead of academic e-teacher: 1) intensive preparation for e-learning implementation, especially in extra-mural and postgraduate studies; 2) satisfying students’ various educational needs with the use of traditional and multimedia forms-methods for their preparation for LLL. We should also predict that the robot of a university teacher assistant in the future will become competition in the higher education market.
Semaglutide in type 2 diabetes management: review of current evidence from concept to date
Authors: Demidova T. Yu. , Ushanova F. O. , Bogacheva T. L.
Published: January 2024

Clinical guidelines increasingly emphasize the importance of multifactorial treatment of type 2 diabetes (DM2), including both glycemic control and body weight control, comprehensive management of classical cardiological risk factors, as well as the use of drugs with proven cardionephroprotective effects to reduce the risk of long-term complications. The development of semaglutide, a long—acting and highly homologous receptor agonist of glucagon-like peptide-1 (arGPP-1) based on a widely recognized representative of the liraglutide class, was an important milestone in expanding the possibilities of disease management, and the successes achieved in the clinical research program of the drug contributed to the formation of the above aspects of the recommendations.

The clinical efficacy of semaglutide was evaluated in the framework of the SUSTAIN clinical research program for more than 10,000 patients with DM2. The program includes 6 major global studies of Phase IIIa (SUSTAIN 1-6) and 5 studies of phase IIIb (SUSTAIN 7-11), as well as a number of other studies and analyses.

The development of a domestic reproduced drug containing semaglutide will increase the availability of semaglutide preparations in the Russian Federation, as well as significantly more effectively control the level of glycemia in patients with DM2. This review presents the results of the efficacy and safety of semaglutide, including the Russian bioequivalent drug semaglutide.
The relationship of endocrine and gastroenterological pathology: dietary fiber as a mechanism of management
Authors: Teplova A. S. , Demidova T. Y. , Lobanova K. G.
Published: January 2024

Gastroenterological manifestations of endocrine diseases are an additional factor that reduces the quality of life of patients. In some cases, gastroenterological symptoms are the reason for the patient’s coming to the doctor and the detection of endocrine disease. The pathogenetic aspects of the development of disorders of the gastrointestinal tract are diverse, and therefore, unfortunately, it is not always possible to eliminate gastroenterological symptoms by only compensating the underlying disease. The combination of pathology of the gastrointestinal tract and the endocrine system can mutually aggravate the course of each other. There are also cases when gastroenterological pathology can be the root cause of some metabolic diseases, in particular, malabsorption. Currently, the possibilities of correction of gastroenterological pathology are widely studied in order to achieve compensation for the patient’s endocrine pathology, as well as to improve the quality of life of patients. The main directions are measures aimed at restoring the passage of food contents, maintaining the integrity of the intestinal wall, eliminating the inflammatory factor, as well as restoring the gu microbiota (GM) and modulating its metabolism. The latter method of correcting violations seems to be the most promising today due to the constantly growing number of scientific publications, as well as a wide range of safe and effective ways to influence GM. In addition to dietary recommendations, the issue of prescribing dietary fiber (DF) to patients as a food substrate for GM and a mechanism for controlling the number and ratio of microorganisms is becoming increasingly relevant.
Clinical calculator for calculating appendicular musculoskeletal mass of elderly patients according to anthropometry and bioimpedance analysis
Authors: Pervyshin N. A. , Bulgakova S. V. , Kurmaev D. P. , Treneva E.    V. , Shamin E.   A.
Published: January 2024

Objective: development of an applied clinical calculator for calculating the appendicular mass of skeletal muscles (ASMM Calculator) in elderly patients based on bioimpedance analysis of body composition and anthropometry.

Material and methods: the algorithm of the ASMM Calculator was developed based on the analysis of the results of a single-stage crosssectional study of G. Sergi (Department of Geriatrics, University of Padua, Italy); the calculation of appendicular musculoskeletal mass and its index is based on the values of anthropometry and bioimpedance analysis of body composition.

Results:the matrix of the ASMM Calculator allows you to determine objective quantitative criteria for sarcopenia (appendicular musculoskeletal mass and its index) based on the values of five independent variables: the patient’s gender; height and body weight, electrical and reactive esistance of the body, the program provides for use directly in outpatient admission, has a volume of 12 kB, does not require specific hardware and software means, can be installed on a mobile device.

Conclusions: the use of the ASMM calculator in clinical practice allows the doctor to establish diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia in a timely manner, does not require significant professional time, provides grounds for verifying the diagnosis in accordance with the principles of evidence-based medicine; the program can be integrated into various medical information systems as a module of the medical decision support system.
Postprandial hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia
Authors: Akmedova A. A. , Ushanova F. O.
Published: January 2024

Reactive hypoglycemia is a relatively rare hypoglycemic condition that develops due to the intake of large amounts of easily digestible carbohydrates. RG can be the result of an excessive insulin response associated with either insulin resistance or increased levels of glucagon-like peptide-1 and defects in glucagon regulation, and the most common cause of postprandial hypoglycemia (50-70%) is high insulin sensitivity. Such situations can occur in people who are very thin or who have significantly lost weight. The development of WG may be influenced by the patient’s dietary habits (high carbohydrate, low fat diet, alcohol consumption). In these conditions, insulin secretion becomes inadequate to blood glucose levels, causing hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia.

This article presents a clinical case of a patient with idiopathic reactive hypoglycemia, which began to be observed in adolescence and was characterized by a decrease in glycemic levels in response to foods high in easily digestible carbohydrates
A dynamic approach to the theory of effective demand
Authors: SHAIKH ANWAR
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT This paper attempts to resituate the theory of effective demand within a dynamic nonequilibrium context. Existing theories of effective demand, which derive from the works of Keynes and Kalecki, are generally posed in state equilibrium terms. That is to say, they serve to define a given level of output which corresponds to the equilibrium point between aggregate demand and supply. We propose to generalize this analysis in three ways. First, we will extend the analysis to encompass a dynamic (i.e. moving) short-run path of output, rather than a merely static level. Second, we will show that his dynamic short-run path need not imply an equilibrium analysis, since it can arise from either stochastically sustained cycles or deterministic limit cycles. And third, we will prove that the preceding generalization of the theory of effective demand will allow us to solve a long-standing problem in growth theory: namely the puzzle surrounding the apparently intractable instability of warranted growth. We will show that the actual path of growth does indeed gravitate around the warranted path in a cyclical sense.
Efects of bone meal and hydrogel on the leaf contents of dwarf cashew
Authors: Costa José Eldo , Sousa Valéria Fernandes de Oliveira , Pereira Walter Esfrain , Maia Júnior Sebastião de Oliveira , Serrano Luiz Augusto Lopes , Lima Rosiane de Lourdes Silva de
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT In semi-arid regions, where seasonal drought or irregular rainfall distribution are common occurrences, agricultural management techniques or strategies, such as the use of bone meal and/or hydrogel, can mitigate adverse conditions and ensure crop production. This study aimed to evaluate the efects of bone meal doses (0, 250, 500, 750 and 1,000 g pit−1), in association or not with hydrogel (0 and 5 g pit−1, respectively), on the leaf nutrient content of the dwarf cashew cultivar BRS 226. The leaf nutrient contents were evaluated during two growing seasons. For being a good source of macronutrients, the bone meal increased the levels of N, P, Ca, K and Mg in the dwarf cashew leaves. The leaf contents of the micronutrients Zn, Fe and Mn decreased with increasing bone meal doses. The nutrient accumulation in the leaves of the dwarf cashew planted in pits with bone meal and hydrogel has the following order: N > K > Ca > Mg > P > Mn > Fe > Zn > Cu. The application of bone meal at levels close to 600 g pit−1, mainly with the use of hydrogel, is a viable fertilizer alternative for dwarf cashew.
Arqueologia, etnogafia e multivocalidades: percepções sobre o patrimônio arqueológico em uma escavação no Centro Histórico de Belém
Authors: Gomes Ney
Published: January 2024

Resumo Neste artigo, a Arqueologia e a sua interface com a Etnografia – Arqueologia Etnográfica – são apresentadas como possibilidades de ouvir as muitas vozes que se manifestam durante uma escavação – a estas vozes, chamarei de multivocalidades, e as usarei como um dos meios para investigar as percepções das pessoas sobre a escavação de um sítio histórico. O cenário para as discussões aqui propostas foi um projeto de Arqueologia Urbana executado no bairro da Campina, no arrabalde imediato de cartões postais singulares da capital paraense. O objetivo do texto é, tendo como paisagem o Centro Histórico de Belém, argumentar que a pesquisa arqueológica muito se beneficia e serve ainda como instrumento de informação sobre a participação das cidadãs e dos cidadãos que fruem pela cidade, sejam as pessoas que trabalham diretamente junto com o arqueólogo, sejam aquelas que têm a oportunidade de visitar as escavações. Uma das conclusões é a de que o patrimônio cultural arqueológico perde um pouco de seu ‘mistério’, tornando-se mais fácil para as pessoas reconhecê-lo e, por isso, talvez preservá-lo.
Muscle strength in patients hospitalized for COVID-19
Authors: Lopes Lara Bourguignon , Souza Gabriele Teixeira Braz de , Barbosa Roberta Ribeiro Batista
Published: January 2024

Abstract Introduction Complications arising from hospitalization due to COVID-19 have great impact on the physical health of individuals. One of the consequences that deserves attention is muscle weakness, which can be influenced by several factors, generating consequences that may need rehabilitation. Objective To relate the degree of peripheral and respiratory muscle strength to sociodemographic, clinical, and hospitalization variables close to discharge after hospitalization due to COVID-19. Methods This cross-sectional study analyzed data for 52 patients hospitalized for COVID-19 who were interviewed close to discharge to determine sociodemographic and clinical profiles and underwent muscle strength testing. Peripheral muscle strength was evaluated using the Medical Research Council scale, and respiratory strength was determined according to maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressure measured with a vacuometer. Hospitalization data were collected from patient medical records. Results Peripheral strength was reduced in 53.9% of the sample, and the related variables (p < 0.05) were age, weight, cancer, high blood pressure, physical therapy, and number of physiotherapy sessions. Inspiratory force was reduced by 50% of individuals and expiratory force in 60% individuals, and these reductions were related (p < 0.05) to sex, high blood pressure, age, and weight. Conclusion Close to COVID-19 hospital discharge, over 50% of patients exhibited peripheral and respiratory muscle weakness, associated with advanced age, hypertension, and low weight. Those with peripheral weakness received more physiotherapy and had more oncological diseases, while respiratory weakness was more common in men. This underscores the importance of preventive measures and post-hospitalization rehabili-tation programs, including physiotherapy, for muscle strength recovery.
Autoavaliação de saúde de acordo com sexo e fatores associados em Manaus, 2019: estudo transversal de base populacional
Authors: Nakamura Isabella Bagni , Silva Marcus Tolentino , Galvão Taís Freire
Published: January 2024

Resumo Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência e fatores associados à autoavaliação de saúde ruim segundo o sexo em Manaus. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal de base populacional com adultos residentes em Manaus em 2019. Razões de prevalências (RP) ajustadas e intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%) foram calculadas por regressão de Poisson hierarquizada. Resultados: Saúde autoavaliada como ruim ocorreu em 35,2% (IC95% 33,3;37,2) dos 2.321 participantes e foi maior no sexo feminino (RP = 1,27; IC95% 1,13;1,43). Na população geral, em ambos os sexos, saúde autoavaliada como ruim foi maior entre os mais velhos, com insegurança alimentar moderada e grave e com presença de doenças crônicas (p-valor < 0,05). No sexo feminino, saúde ruim foi maior em evangélicas e com insegurança alimentar leve. No masculino, aposentados e com nível de ensino inferior ao fundamental também apresentaram pior autoavaliação (p-valor < 0,001). Conclusão: Pessoas do sexo feminino apresentaram pior avaliação de saúde, influenciada por morbidade e acesso a alimentação.
Temporal analysis and spatial distribution of acquired syphilis in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, 2010-2021: an ecological study
Authors: Astolfo Susi , Andrade Amanda Cristina de Souza , Kehrig Ruth Terezinha
Published: January 2024

Abstract Objective: To analyze the temporal trend and the spatial distribution of acquired syphilis in Mato Grosso, Brazil, between 2010 and 2021. Methods: This was an ecological study using notifications of acquired syphilis held on the Notifiable Health Conditions Information System. Detection rates were calculated by health macro-region and three-year periods (2010-2012, 2013-2015, 2016-2018, 2019-2021). The jointpoint method was used to calculate annual percentage change (APC). Thematic maps of Bayesian rates were built and distribution was analyzed using Local Moran. Results: The detection rate increased from 16.2 per 100,000 inhabitants in the first three-year period (2010-2012) to 70.0 in the last three-year period (2019-2021). The Central-North macro-region had the highest rate in the last three years (94.3/100,000 inhab.), while the highest upward trend occurred in the Central-Northwest macro-region, from 2013 to 2018 (APC = 50.2; 95%CI 26.3;78.6). There was an increase in Bayesian rates in most municipalities. Conclusion: There was a trend towards an increase in acquired syphilis, especially in the last two three-year periods.
Análise temporal e distribuição espacial da sífilis adquirida no estado de Mato Grosso, 2010-2021: estudo ecológico
Authors: Astolfo Susi , Andrade Amanda Cristina de Souza , Kehrig Ruth Terezinha
Published: January 2024

Resumo Objetivo: Analisar a tendência temporal e a distribuição espacial da sífilis adquirida em Mato Grosso, de 2010 a 2021. Métodos: Estudo ecológico utilizando notificações de sífilis adquirida do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação. As taxas de detecção foram calculadas por macrorregiões de saúde e triênios (2010-2012, 2013-2015, 2016-2018, 2019-2021). O método jointpoint foi utilizado no cálculo da variação percentual anual (VPA). Foram construídos mapas temáticos das taxas bayesianas e a distribuição analisada por Moran local. Resultados: A taxa de detecção passou de 16,2/100 mil habitantes, no primeiro triênio (2010-2012), para 70, no último triênio (2019-2021). A macrorregião Centro-Norte apresentou a maior taxa no último triênio (94,3/100 mil hab.), enquanto a maior tendência de aumento ocorreu na macrorregião Centro-Noroeste, de 2013 a 2018 (VPA = 50,2; IC95% 26,3;78,6). As taxas bayesianas aumentaram na maioria dos municípios. Conclusão: Houve tendência de aumento da sífilis adquirida, principalmente nos dois últimos triênios.
Ground Manipulator Primitive Tasks to Executable Actions Using Large Language Models
Authors: Cao Yue , Lee C. S. George
Published: January 2024

Layered architectures have been widely used in robot systems. The majority of them implement planning and execution functions in separate layers. However, there still lacks a straightforward way to transit high-level tasks in the planning layer to the low-level motor commands in the execution layer. In order to tackle this challenge, we propose a novel approach to ground the manipulator primitive tasks to robot low-level actions using large language models (LLMs). We designed a program-function-like prompt based on the task frame formalism. In this way, we enable LLMs to generate position/force set-points for hybrid control. Evaluations over several state-of-the-art LLMs are provided.
PREPARATION METHOD AND THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF A NEW ULTRA-THIN FLEXIBLE FLAT PLATE HEAT PIPE
Authors: Zhang Xuancong , Li Jinwang , Chen Qi
Published: January 2024

Ultra-thin flat plate heat pipes must provide a degree of flexibility to meet foldable electronics heat dissipation
requirements. In this paper, a new flexible ultra-thin flat plate heat pipe with a thickness of 0.75 mm has been designed
and fabricated. Compared with the traditional flexible ultra-thin flat heat pipes, the innovation lies in the flexible
insulation section formed by epoxy resin pouring of the shell. The design of the shell ensures that the flexible ultra-thin
plate heat pipe can respond quickly to the external temperature change, and also has good flexibility, which provides a
new choice for the material and structure design of the flexible ultra-thin plate heat pipe shell. The gas-liquid coplanar type mesh is used as the capillary wick to reduce the flow resistance of steam inside the heat pipe, and the wick is hydrophilically modified to improve its capillary pumping performance; a sandwich support structure is used to prevent the steam chamber from collapsing. The thermal performance of the three liquid filling ratios of 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 was tested at different tilt angles and bending angles. The results show that in the cases of filling ratios of 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5, the ultra-thin flexible flat plate heat pipe with the liquid filling ratio of 0.3 has the best heat transfer performance under different working conditions; the tilt angle has different effects on the heat transfer performance and starting
speed of the ultra-thin flexible flat plate heat pipe with different filling ratios, and the bending angle changes the steam
condensation position inside the ultra-thin flexible flat plate heat pipe and increases the thermal resistance.
UNDERREPRESENTED STUDENTS PURSUING MATHEMATICS-INTENSIVE DEGREES: CHANGES AFTER TRANSITIONING TO COLLEGE
Authors: Marzocchi Alison S.
Published: January 2024

Despite a decades-long awareness of inequities, the opportunity gap between underrepresented students and their non-underrepresented peers in mathematics degree attainment persists. In this qualitative investigation, I collected longitudinal data from a cohort of first-generation college students from low-income urban communities as they transitioned from their final year of high school into their first year of college. I compared two sets of interviews for each participant-a series of two interviews from
high school and three from college-to determine factors that contributed to participants' retention in
mathematics-intensive degree programs. Reported factors included difficulties in adjusting to study skills for college-level courses, feeling unskilled in graphing calculators, and feeling underprepared for college-level mathematics as compared to their peers. We must address gaps in expectations from high school to college. This study sheds a unique light on the pervasive opportunity gap by reporting on firsthand experiences during the crucial transition time from high school to college.
Rasmussen syndrome: absence seizures may be induced by oxcarbazepine
Authors: Caraballo Roberto H. , Cachia Pedro , Valenzuela Gabriela Reyes , Calvo Agustin
Published: January 2024

A female patient with electroclinical and neuroradiological features compatible with Rasmussen syndrome developed a particular clinical and EEG pattern. As the seizures were refractory to valproate at 750 mg/kg/day, oxcarbazepine (OXC) at 30 mg/kg/day was added. Seizures became more frequent and on neurological examination, no hemiparesis was detected. The interictal EEG showed focal spikes and diffuse paroxysms in the right fronto‐temporal regions. Brain MRI revealed right hemiatrophy, mainly at the Sylvian fissure. After initiating OXC daily, brief absence seizures, lasting less than 20 seconds and associated with bilateral and synchronous 2.5‐3‐Hz spike‐and‐waves compatible with typical absences, were observed. OXC was discontinued and the typical absences disappeared. Treatment with intravenous gammaglobulin was started. At the last control visit, at nine years of age, no absence seizures were observed either by the parents or on the EEG recording. Our patient who met the diagnostic criteria for Rasmussen syndrome presented with absence seizures that may have been induced by OXC. The absence seizures disappeared after OXC was discontinued.
SCN1A mutations in focal epilepsy with auditory features: widening the spectrum of GEFS plus
Authors: Bisulli Francesca , Licchetta Laura , Baldassari Sara , Muccioli Lorenzo , Marconi Caterina , Cantalupo Gaetano , Myers Candace , Menghi Veronica , Minardi Raffaella , Caporali Leonardo , Marini Carla , Guerrini Renzo , Mefford Heather C. , Tinuper Paolo , Pippucci Tommaso
Published: January 2024

Aims. Epilepsy with auditory features (EAF) is a focal epilepsy syndrome characterized by prominent auditory ictal manifestations. Two main genes, LGI1 and RELN, have been implicated in EAF, but the genetic aetiology remains unknown in half of families and most sporadic cases. We previously described a pathogenic SCN1A missense variant (p.Thr956Met) segregating in a large family in which the proband and her affected daughter had EAF, thus satisfying the minimum requirement for diagnosis of autosomal dominant EAF (ADEAF). However, the remaining eight affected family members had clinical manifestations typically found in families with genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+). We aimed to investigate the role/impact of SCN1A mutations in EAF.

Methods. We detailed the phenotype of this family and report on SCN1A screening in a cohort of 29 familial and 52 sporadic LGI1 variant‐negative EAF patients.

Results. We identified two possibly pathogenic missense variants (p.Tyr790Phe and p.Thr140Ile) in sporadic patients (3.8%) showing typical EAF and no antecedent febrile seizures. Both p.Thr956Met and p.Tyr790Phe were previously described in unrelated patients with epilepsies within the GEFS+ spectrum.

Conclusion. SCN1A mutations may be involved in EAF within the GEFS+ spectrum, however, the role of SCN1A in EAF without features that lead to a suspicion of underlying GEFS+ remains unclear and should be elucidated in future studies.
Encephalopathy related to Status Epilepticus during slow Sleep: from concepts to terminology
Authors: Hirsch Edouard , Caraballo Roberto , Bernardina Bernardo Dalla , Loddenkemper Tobias , Zuberi Sameer M.
Published: January 2024

Five pediatric and adult neurologists with clinical and research interests in Encephalopathy related to Status Epilepticus during slow Sleep (ESES) express their opinions on definition, diagnostic assessment and terminology that may be considered for this condition. The aim of this “debate” is to identify aspects in which there is a shared opinion and areas where there are still controversies in the classification and suggest areas which demand further studies and research.
The proposed mechanisms of action of CBD in epilepsy
Authors: Gray Royston A. , Whalley Benjamin J.
Published: January 2024

Highly purified cannabidiol (CBD) (approved as Epidiolex
®
in the United States and as EPIDYOLEX from the EU agency) has demonstrated efficacy with an acceptable safety profile in patients with Lennox–Gastaut or Dravet syndrome in four randomized controlled trials. While the mechanism of action of CBD underlying the reduction of seizures in humans is unknown, CBD possesses affinity for multiple targets, across a range of target classes, resulting in functional modulation of neuronal excitability, relevant to the pathophysiology of many disease types, including epilepsy. Here we present the pharmacological data supporting the role of three such targets, namely Transient receptor potential vanilloid‐1 (TRPV1), the orphan G protein‐coupled receptor‐55 (GPR55) and the equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (ENT‐1).
Fomentando prácticas alimentarias saludables, en preescolares de una Institución educativa de la ciudad de Medellín
Authors: Díaz-Garavito María Victoria , Echeverri-Arango Beatriz , Franco-Aguirre John Querubín , Novoa-Parra Maria Camila , Gonzales-Ríos Carolina , Serna-Cortés Melissa María , Cardona-Sánchez Alejandra , Martínez-Ossa María Alejandra , Uribe-Manjarres Luisa , López Villegas María Camila
Published: January 2024

Las prácticas alimentarias en escolares, muestran una alta prevalencia del consumo azucares. El objetivo del estudio fue describir la prevalencia de caries, los hábitos nutricionales en niños de preescolar y primero y fomentar prácticas alimentarias saludables en la Institución educativa Ciudadela Nuevo Occidente. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo, con la participación de 61 niños y niñas del grado de preescolar y primero, 80 padres de familia o representantes y se realizó una observación no participante a los escolares, tienda escolar y venteros, para explorar los hábitos de consumo de alimentos en la Institución. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de la información recolectada y un análisis bivariado para comparación de los hallazgos dentro del periodo de estudio. El estudio de desarrollo durante el periodo 2017-II y 2019-II. Resultados: el 60% de los encuestados pertenecía a un estrato socioeconómico nivel 1, el 61% de padres tenían escolaridad de secundaria completa e incompleta. 58,8% tiene un consumo diario de dulces y gaseosas. La fre-cuencia de caries fue del 47,5% y mancha blanca fue del 49,1%. Los alimentos cariogénicos están en el entorno de los niños. Se realizaron 18 actividades educativas con 160 niños de preescolar y primero y sus profesoras. Conclusiones:prácticas como el alto consumo de azúcar, un cepillado deficiente, no empacar a los niños el cepillo de dientes para el colegio, son factores de riesgo que exponen a los escolares a la aparición de la caries.
A review of the book Kasinomic Revolution: The rise of African Informal Economies. Written by GG Alcock
Authors: Monareng Luther Lebogang
Published: January 2024

The author restates the need for Afrocentric systems such as building modern villages to accommodate Africa’s uniqueness. He condemns the practices of marginalising the informal economy as it contributes to countries’ Gross Domestic Production (GDP). GG alludes that jobs are now beyond the conventional “8 to 5 job with a payslip” and that communities of ordinary people should not be treated as “breeding grounds for employees”. Moreover, he highlights that the colonial and Western systems are unjust to the masses in developing countries. Africa needs no “bicycle lanes but hawker lanes” where they can trade closer to their clientele without being fearful of municipalities chasing them.
DNA damage assessment in the adult Drosophila brain via pH2Av (S137) immunostaining v1
Authors: Feany Mel
Published: January 2024

This protocol describes how to stain adult Drosophila brains with pH2Av to assess DNA damage.
Calculation method of the radiation efficiency of a flat radiator on the floor plane taking into account the influence of angle coefficients
Authors: Shein Vladislav M. , Krivosheev Vladimir E. , Nikitin Andrey A.
Published: January 2024

To date, the existing methods for determining the angle coefficients are difficult to apply in engineering calculations. In this research paper, a new approach to the determination of angular coefficients has been proposed. Using the plane-parallel system of coordinates, basic rules and laws of physics and geometry, the procedure of determination of angular coefficients of radiation from the radiator on the ceiling plane, on the object located on the floor plane was developed and described in MS Excel program product. The research showed that the proposed calculation procedure considerably simplifies calculation operations, allows to determine required parameters with higher accuracy and design the effective model of a room with infrared heaters.