bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The genus Hebeloma in the Rocky Mountain Alpine Zone
Authors: Cripps Cathy , Eberhardt Ursula , Schuetz Nicole , Beker Henry , Evenson Vera , Horak Egon
Published: February 2019

Numerous taxa ofHebelomahave been reported in association withSalix,Dryas, andBetulain arctic-alpine habitats. However, species are notoriously difficult to delineate because morphological features overlap, and previously there was little reliable molecular data available. Recent progress in ITS-sequencing within the genus, coupled with an extensive database of parametrically described collections, now allows comparisons between species and their distributions. Here we report 16 species ofHebelomafrom the Rocky Mountain alpine zone from some of the lowest latitudes (latitude 36°–45°N) and highest elevations (3000–4000 m) for arctic-alpine fungi in the northern hemisphere. Twelve of these species have been reported from arctic-alpine habitats in Europe and Greenland and are now molecularly confirmed from the Middle and Southern Rockies, greatly expanding their distribution. These are:Hebelomaalpinum,H.aurantioumbrinum,H.dunense,H.hiemale,H.marginatulum,H.mesophaeum,H.nigellum,H.oreophilum,H.subconcolor,H.spetsbergense,H.vaccinum, andH.velutipes. Hebelomahygrophilumis known from subalpine habitats in Europe, but was never recorded in arctic-alpine ecology. Three species recorded from the Rockies, but as yet not reported from Europe, areH.alpinicola,H.avellaneum, andH.excedens. The last two have never previously been reported from an arctic-alpine habitat. For all three of these species, the holotypes have been studied morphologically and molecularly, and have been incorporated into the analysis.
Integrative diagnosis, biological observations, and histopathology of the fig cyst nematode Heterodera fici Kirjanova (1954) associated with Ficus carica L. in southern Italy
Authors: Fanelli Elena , Vovlas Alessio , Santoro Simona , Troccoli Alberto , Lucarelli Giuseppe , Trisciuzzi Nicola , De Luca Francesca
Published: February 2019

Morpho-biological notes and histopathology, based on LM and SEM observations, of the fig cyst nematode Heteroderafici isolated from Ficuscarica roots, collected in home and public gardens of Apulia region, southern Italy, are described and illustrated. Seventy-five localities throughout the Apulia region were sampled and one-quarter of the sampled localities had fig roots infested with H.fici, with population densities ranging from 44 to 180 cysts/100 ml of soil. All attempts to detect H.fici on ornamental Ficus spp. as well as on imported bonsai in Italy were unsuccessful. Morphometric characters of the Italian population conform to those of the type and re-description populations reported for H.fici. Molecular analysis using ITS, D2–D3 expansion domains of the 28S rRNA, and the partial 18S rRNA sequences of H.fici newly obtained in this study matched well with the corresponding sequences of H.fici present in the GenBank database. Phylogenetic trees confirmed and supported the grouping of H.fici in the Humuli group. Heteroderafici completes its embryogenic development in 14–16 days at 25 °C. Post-invasion development and maturity in the roots of F.carica seedlings is completed in 64–68 days at 25–28 °C with juveniles and adults showing different parasitic habits, being endoparasitic and semi-endoparasitic respectively. The establishment of permanent feeding sites that consist of the formation of large syncytia causes anatomical modification of vascular elements and general disorder in the root stelar structures. Syncytia structures associated with mature females showed different degrees of vacuolisation, numbers of syncytial cells, and contained nuclei and nucleoli which were constantly hypertrophied.
A new species of puddle frog from an unexplored mountain in southwestern Ethiopia (Anura, Phrynobatrachidae, Phrynobatrachus)
Authors: Goutte Sandra , Reyes-Velasco Jacobo , Boissinot Stephane
Published: February 2019

A new species of Phrynobatrachus is described from the unexplored and isolated Bibita Mountain, southwestern Ethiopia, based on morphological characters and sequences of the mitochondrial rRNA16s. The new species can be distinguished from all its congeners by a small size (SVL = 16.8 ± 0.1 mm for males, 20.3 ± 0.9 mm for females), a slender body with long legs and elongated fingers and toes, a golden coloration, a completely hidden tympanum, and a marked canthus rostralis. The phylogenetic hypothesis based on 16s sequences places the new species as sister to the species group that includes P.natalensis, although it is morphologically more similar to other dwarf Phrynobatrachus species, such as the Ethiopian P.minutus.
Actualité de Dziga Vertov : « l’avenir dure longtemps »
Authors: Albera François , MacKay John
Published: February 2019

À l’occasion d’une nouvelle édition des écrits de Dziga Vertov en français et du premier tome d’une somme biographique et filmographique consacrée au cinéaste aux États-Unis, ce « Point de vue » dialogué s’efforce de faire le point sur le développement des études vertoviennes dans le monde, l’état des connaissances documentaires et filmiques et les problèmes méthodologiques que pose l’analyse de ce corpus évolutif et appréhendable sous divers angles. Dans la mesure où se croisent des engagements esthétiques – qui se veulent dissocié d’une perspective artistique –, socio-politiques et idéologiques et où se révèlent en lui des appartenances à des courants de pensée et de pratique – le constructivisme, le productivisme –, l’ensemble des films rattachés à son « coordinateur » Dziga Vertov offre des entrées différenciées allant de la propagande à la tentative de transformer les modes de perception et à la substitution de nouvelles formes d’organisation du travail collectif dans le cinéma. Enfin l’actualité des propositions vertoviennes – qui ressurgit régulièrement (« Cinéma-vérité », groupe Dziga-Vertov) – est envisagées dans le contexte des nouveaux médias qui « réalisent » un certain nombre de celles-ci ou les reformulent.
Short-Chain Fatty Acids from Cutibacterium acnes Activate Both a Canonical and Epigenetic Inflammatory Response in Human Sebocytes
Authors: Sanford James A. , O’Neill Alan M. , Zouboulis Christos C. , Gallo Richard L.
Published: February 2019

The regulation of cutaneous inflammatory processes is essential for the human skin to maintain homeostasis in the presence of the dense communities of resident microbes that normally populate this organ. Forming the hair follicle–associated sebaceous gland, sebocytes are specialized lipid-producing cells that can release inflammatory mediators. Cytokine and chemokine expression by pilosebaceous epithelial cells (i.e., sebocytes and follicular keratinocytes) has been proposed to contribute to the common human skin disease acne vulgaris. The underlying mechanisms that drive inflammatory gene expression in acne-involved pilosebaceous epithelial cells are still unknown because almost all sebaceous follicles contain dense concentrations of bacteria yet only some show an inflammatory reaction. In this study, we hypothesized that metabolites from the abundant skin-resident microbe Propionibacterium acnes can influence cytokine expression from human sebocytes. We show that short-chain fatty acids produced by P. acnes under environmental conditions that favor fermentation will drive inflammatory gene expression from sebocytes. These molecules are shown to influence sebocyte behavior through two distinct mechanisms: the inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity and the activation of fatty acid receptors. Depletion of HDAC8 and HDAC9 in human sebocytes resulted in an enhanced cytokine response to TLR-2 activation that resembled the transcriptional profile of an acne lesion. These data provide a new insight into the regulation of inflammatory gene expression in the skin, further characterize the contribution of sebocytes to epidermal immunity, and demonstrate how changes in the metabolic state of the skin microbiome can promote inflammatory acne.
Opportunities and challenges provided by regional-scale LiDAR data sets
Authors: Lindsay J B
Published: February 2019

Light detection and Ranging (LiDAR) systems are now widely regarded as the preferred source data for a range of terrain mapping applications owing to their high spatial accuracy, dense surface sampling, and the ability of laser scanners to map topography beneath
forest and other vegetation covers. In the past, the prohibitive expense and difficulty involved in LiDAR acquisition meant that these data were most often collected in response to project-specific needs and for relatively small spatial extents. In most jurisdictions, the patchwork of LiDAR data
that were publicly available were unlikely to allow for regional-scale analyses and applications. However, the decreased cost of acquisition that has occurred over the past decade, and the proliferation of LiDAR data providers, has changed this situation significantly. An increasing number of
municipal, regional, provincial and federal governments have been involved in large-scale LiDAR data acquisition campaigns, the result of which has been the availability of regional-scale fine-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) for use by researchers, practitioners, and other stakeholders.
For example, a recent LiDAR acquisition project carried out in Ontario will soon make aerial LiDAR data publicly available in large portions of the province.
The recent availability of extensive LiDAR data sets has been marked by a period of exploration, as practitioners work to replace older topographic data with LiDAR and as novel applications of these data emerge. The unique characteristics of these data provide many opportunities to improve existing
workflows and processing methods in a wide range of terrain-related fields of study. For example, LiDAR data have been used for soils mapping, forest canopy modelling, stream mapping, sediment erosion modelling, solar potential modelling, and many other applications involving accurate topographic
and canopy modelling. However, the properties of LiDAR data also present numerous and significant challenges for end-users and at present practitioners are commonly struggling to take full advantage of their LiDAR data sets. In addition to the technical issues associated with managing large data
volumes, researchers and practitioners are also commonly confronted with problems associated with the extremely fine detail of surface representation. For instance, LiDAR DEMs often include microtopography and excessive surface roughness that can complicate the measurement of the surface parameters
(e.g. slope, orientation, curvature, topographic position, surface flow) that are common inputs for other upstream modelling workflows. This presentation will introduce potential solutions to some of these issues, as well as describe their role in enabling large-scale applications of these unique
data.
Mathematical modelling and analysis of the flocculation process in low retention time hydraulic flocculators
Authors: De Oliveira Danieli Soares , Donadel Clainer Bravin
Published: February 2019

This article aims to advance the understanding of particle interactions in low retention time flocculators and proposes a new flocculation model that appropriately considers the influence of retention time in flocculation processes. This consideration is important for units with flocculation time lower than 1 min, as seen in helically coiled tube flocculators (HCTFs), whose retention time is significantly lower than conventional flocculation units (about 30 min). With this, it was possible to obtain a more adherent model, reducing deviations between results obtained by physical modelling (using HCTFs, 48 tests) and those obtained with the proposed model, when compared with results obtained using the flocculation models commonly used for this purpose. The decreasing-rising behaviour presented by experimental data for process efficiency versus retention time, not verified in the benchmark models, was satisfactorily addressed by the proposed model. Furthermore, maximum and average absolute percentage deviations obtained using the model proposed in this study were less than or equal to the results obtained with the benchmark models and less for experimental uncertainty (10%). The results obtained indicate that this model can be a useful tool to support the rational design of low retention time units, including applications for the water industry and water recycling systems.
Assessing the energy and carbon footprints of exploiting and treating brackish groundwater in Cape Town
Authors: Gobin Aumashvini , Sparks Debbie , Okedi John , Armitage Neil , Ahjum Fadiel
Published: February 2019

South Africa has been facing significant challenges in meeting demands in its water and energy sectors in recent years and planning for both sectors has mostly been done separately. The City of Cape Town has started to supplement its dwindling conventional freshwater supplies with groundwater, wastewater and seawater, in light of the drought that commenced in 2015. The Cape Flats Aquifer in Cape Town represents an important resource whose yield could be increased to 85 000 m3/ day through artificial stormwater recharge in the Zeekoe Catchment alone. The abstraction and treatment of this water would require significant amounts of energy and thus this paper explores the links between energy usage in the water sector and its carbon footprint. The three alternatives investigated were ‘centralised’, ‘desalination’ and ‘decentralised’ approaches. The former two are centralised treatment mechanisms to produce potable water utilising existing and new treatment infrastructure, respectively, and the latter proposed minimal treatment for non-potable end-users. The energy intensities of the alternatives were evaluated by identifying energy-intensive components and carrying out a preliminary design of the networks and the required treatment mechanisms. South Africa’s future potential electricity mixes were used to conceptualise the significance of the associated energy demand. The centralised approach’s energy intensity was found to be the lowest of the three, ranging from 1.16 to 1.57 MJ/m3, while those of the decentralised and desalination approaches ranged from 3.57 to 7.31 MJ/m3 and 7.41 to 9.62 MJ/m3, respectively. The Western Cape Water Supply System has an installed capacity of 47.6 MW which could potentially increase by at least 2.7%, 5.7% and 12.3% through the centralised, decentralised and desalination options, respectively. This paper contributes to a growing knowledge on the water–energy nexus in South Africa.
The use of epilithic diatoms grown on artificial substrata to indicate water quality changes in the lower reaches of the St Lucia Estuary, South Africa
Authors: Nunes Monique , Adams Janine B , Bate Guy C
Published: February 2019

In shallow estuaries, artificial substrates provide a means of assessing the response of the diatom community to water chemistry. The shallow St Lucia Estuary was historically connected to the Mfolozi River at the mouth. This connection was severed during the early 1950s due to sediment input from the agriculturally impacted Mfolozi River. A connection has recently been re-established and the potential impact of dissolved inorganic nutrients from the Mfolozi River needs to be determined, as it may alter the ecological integrity of the St Lucia Estuary which forms part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This study found that the epilithic algal biomass and diatom species composition grown on glass slides were good indicators of nutrient enrichment in the estuary. Over a 28-day study period an above-average rainfall event resulted in an increase of nutrient-enriched freshwater flow into the estuary. No significant biomass differences were recorded in either the natural phytoplankton or microphytobenthos communities because of high variability. By contrast, the epilithic algal biomass accumulation on the glass slides was highest following the freshwater input. Statistical analyses indicated that the accumulation of the epilithic community on the glass slides was mostly affected by DIN and salinity. Diversity index scores for both the natural phytoplankton and microphytobenthos were variable, while the epilithic diatom index scores consistently declined from Day 7 (H’ = 1.2) to Day 28 (H’ = 0.7). These data indicate that epilithic algae grown on glass slides can be used as an effective monitoring tool to detect nutrient-induced changes as a supplementary method in this highly variable estuary.
De kunst van een democratie van gevoelens
Authors: Früchtl Josef
Published: February 2019

The Art of a Democracy of Emotions

There is a long discussion in philosophy about the relationship between reason, emotions and politics. Today the adequate question is not whether, but to what extent and in which sense emotions normatively have to play a role in democracy. My first thesis is that there are three central answers to that question which can be brought down to the nominators ‘presentation’, ‘compensation’ and ‘transformation’. Within a political context, emotions ask for a contemporary form of presentation, for a tempering or balancing compensation, and for a meaningful transformation. And my second thesis is that this threefold reaction can be achieved either with the aid of, or even in an excellent way by, aesthetic experiences. In detail I focus on a brief analysis of the modern political meaning of impertinence; the current situation concerning the philosophical discussion on democracy, emotions and aesthetics (with an accent on Martha Nussbaum); and finally on my own suggestion, supported by I. Kant and J. Dewey, concerning the concept of aesthetic experience.
O gênero policial e a escrita criativa: potencializando leitores, provocando escritores
Authors: Pereira Marcos Aparecido , Magalhães Epaminondas De Matos
Published: February 2019

Neste trabalho buscamos discutir a mediação de leitura e escrita no primeiro ano do ensino médio. Fundamentados na estética da recepção (JAUSS, 1994) e na teoria do método recepcional (AGUIAR; BORDINI, 1988), buscamos discutir a relevância do gênero policial, enquanto potencializador do prazer da leitura, na formação de leitores literários. Além disso, embasados, sobretudo, em Morley (2007) procuramos enfatizar as possibilidades de uso de narrativas desse mesmo gênero no desenvolvimento da escrita criativa em sala de aula. Para tanto, realizamos uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa e de natureza aplicada por meio de estudo de caso descritivo e observação participante (YIN, 2001); (BOGDAN & BIKLEN, 1999) e (GIL, 2008). Para a análise dos dados produzidos foi empregada a análise de conteúdo temática (BARDIN, 1977). Deste modo, por meio da realização de oficinas de leitura e de escrita, os alunos foram, primeiramente, levados a experimentar produções literárias que fossem capazes de satisfazer os anseios próprios da idade (AGUIAR; BORDINI, 1988); (COELHO, 2000) e, em seguida, desafiados a elaborar um conto policial. Ambas as experiências suscitaram reflexões metodológicas e mostraram que as ficções proporcionam prazer e (auto) conhecimento, atuando na (trans)formação das pessoas.
Tecnologias da informação e comunicação (tics) e suas possibilidades de uso no ensino de língua portuguesa
Authors: Santos Wéllia Pimentel
Published: February 2019

É de grande visibilidade que as tecnologias da informação e comunicação (TICs) fazem parte da vida cotidiana dos alunos, contudo, perante este novo e mutável contexto, há novas exigências no que tange a modificações substanciais no cenário educacional. Do ponto de vista didático-pedagógico, existe uma

gama de equipamentos eletrônicos disponível e pronta para inserir a tecnologia na educação, imbricando a questão dos multiletramentos. Todavia, a educação vem enfrentando inúmeros desafios, concernentes especialmente às suas práticas pedagógicas e sua estrutura curricular. Além disso, conta-se ainda com o

desafio referente à forma de utilização desses equipamentos. Assim, a proposta dessa pesquisa será evidenciar a utilização das TICs a favor da aprendizagem, convergindo ao ensino de língua portuguesa. Para tanto, a metodologia aplicada ao trabalho se ateve a um estudo descritivo do tipo revisão bibliográfica, respaldando-se em literaturas científicas, trabalhos acadêmicos referenciados que tentam responder a tais reflexões.
As artes circenses na Educação Física escolar enquanto conteúdo da cultura corporal: suas contribuições para desenvolvimento da expressão corporal e criatividade
Authors: Ramos Bruno Amaral , Silva Alcir Horácio da
Published: February 2019

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral identificar de que forma as artes circenses podiam contribuir para o desenvolvimento da criatividade e da expressão corporal dos alunos nas aulas de Educação Física. Esse estudo foi construído a partir de uma pesquisa de campo, do tipo participante e de natureza qualitativa,

realizada com alunos do 3° ano do curso técnico integrado de informática para internet do Instituto Federal de Goiás – Formosa, onde desenvolvemos uma intervenção pedagógica durante um bimestre letivo e trabalhamos os seguintes conteúdos: malabarismo com bolinhas e flower stick, rola-rola e cordas.

Os instrumentos para coleta de dados foram a observação estruturada, os relatórios das aulas e o questionário. Podemos afirmar, a partir desse estudo, que um bom planejamento, aliado aos aspectos históricos dessas artes, que possuem na sua essência a criatividade e a expressão corporal, bem como um bom processo de mediação, pautado no movimento de ação-reflexão-ação, possibilitou o desenvolvimento de uma Educação Física mais expressiva, criativa, crítica e humana. Desse modo, contribuímos para a formação integral dos alunos, pois a partir do processo de ensino aprendizagem das artes circenses, os alunos passaram a ter melhores condições objetivas para não reproduzirem alguns elementos da sociedade capitalista - competição, exploração, dominação, meritocracia, entre outros - que vem sendo historicamente materializados nas aulas de Educação Física.
A criação (do jogo teatral?) como prática (inventiva) educacional
Authors: Santos Marcos Antônio Ferreira dos , Silva Mary Anne Vieira
Published: February 2019

A questão a ser abordada no presente texto centra-se no debate que enfatiza a importância da prática criativa no jogo teatral como metodologia pedagógica educacional, uma vez que os jogos teatrais no contexto educacional contemporâneo promovem mudanças epistemológicas nos conhecimentos aplicados

à área de Artes. No caso dos jogos teatrais, vários são os autores que destacam tais práticas educacionais, vivenciadas e experiênciadas por docentes e outros profissionais de teatro como ferramentas altamente eficazes de ensino. A criatividade seria então, para o jogo teatral, uma concreta via de possibilidade de

liberdade para o aluno exercitar o pensamento crítico e assim ter a oportunidade de reaprender sobre a realidade social. Nesse sentido, ainda é possível acrescentarmos que a criação pelo método fenomenológico é empregada com o objetivo de apreender de maneira essencial, geral e concreta aquilo que se concretiza no ato de criação. Por esta perspectiva, entendemos que o jogo teatral se insere, assim, no contexto do teatro-didático transcrito, traduzido e postulado como sendo uma linguagem cênica crítica e dinâmica, e que na execução e na montagem do jogo teatral poderíamos considerar então o educando

como sendo o principal sujeito social na criação.
A new classification of European Union regions: A decision support tool for policymakers
Authors: Fanelli Rosa M.
Published: February 2019

The classification of agricultural and territorial systems is essential to improve the comparability of regions for the development programmers of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), to give new tools of intervention to policymakers and to increase farmers’ knowledge. Analysis of the principal characteristics of these systems is essential during a time in which the new CAP is being designed for the period 2021-2027. The research is focused on the analysis of the agricultural features of 228 regional areas (NUTS 2) of the 28 European Union (EU) countries. It considers two specific sets of environmental and socio-economic indicators provided by the Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN). The main factors that differentiate agricultural systems in EU regions from one another were identified with the application of principal component analysis, while the classification of the same regions in homogeneous groups was carried out through hierarchical cluster analysis. The results clearly show that some groups of “homogeneous” EU regions such as the Natura 2000 area and the family-run agricultural system, which have weaker agricultural structures than the average of the 228 EU regions considered in this study, have a greater need for the restructuring of their agricultural systems than others (e.g., the professional agricultural system and the food industry system). The results confirm that policy design should not consider EU agriculture as a whole, but should take into account the environmental and structural specificities of agricultural holdings, as well as the different training levels of farm managers.
MY-T study: Symptom-based titration decisions when using testosterone nasal gel, Natesto®
Authors: Lee Jay , Brock Gerald , Barkin Jack , Bryson Nathan , Gronski Matthew A. , Ormsby Ross
Published: February 2019

Introduction: Natesto®, testosterone nasal gel (TNG), is a testosterone therapy (TTh) indicated for adult male hypogonadism.1 This study allowed titration decisions to be based on physicians’ assessment of patient symptoms.

Methods: Hypogonadal males on active topical testosterone therapy (TThE) or naive to any form of testosterone therapy (TThN) were treated with 22 mg TNG daily (11 mg twice daily) for 90 days. Titration was determined by the physician at Day 90 wherein the dose was increased to 33 mg daily if symptoms were not properly managed. Total testosterone (TT) levels were collected at Day 90 and 120 and the quantitative Androgen Deficiency in the Aging Male (qADAM) symptom questionnaire was administered on Days 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120.

Results: At study endpoint, 77.0% of all patients were in the normal TT range. Mean qADAM scores increased from 30.8 at baseline to 35.5 (6.6) at Day 90. Physician assessments resulted in 37% patients being up-titrated for an additional 30 days, however, qADAM scores did not change significantly at the higher dose.

Conclusions: The majority of patients achieved the normal range of testosterone with TNG when physicians based their titration decision on an assessment of symptoms. Sexual function and energy-related symptoms were predictive of improvements resulting from treatment. These symptoms were the most relevant indicators for physicians in making decisions relating to titration.
Introduction of an ex-vivo pig model for teaching percutaneous nephrolithotomy access techniques
Authors: Forbes Connor M. , Lim Jonathan , Chan Justin , Paterson Ryan F. , Chew Ben H. , Scotland Kymora
Published: February 2019

Introduction: In North America, obtaining access for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is often not performed by urologists. Hands-on training sessions help to ensure this skill continues within the urological community. An ex-vivo pig kidney model was developed for simulation. This model uses porcine tissues with a fluoroscopic C-arm and standard PCNL equipment. The bullseye or triangulation techniques are both possible. We propose this as a high-fidelity tool for teaching PCNL access.

Methods: The pig kidney, fat, ribs, flank, and skin were arranged anatomically on a table with fluoroscopy. Hands-on training was provided to residents and urologists using the ex-vivo pig model and a silicone-based percutaneous access model. Questionnaires were given at the end of the session.

Results: There were 14 total respondents for each model, with incomplete responses on two surveys. A total of 15% of respondents for the pig model and 7% of responders for the silicone model had previous percutaneous access experience. For the pig model, 93% of trainees agreed or strongly agreed that the model was easy to use, and 79% of the silicone model trainees felt the same. After the session, 50% of silicone model trainees and 86% of pig model trainees reported increased confidence in their ability to obtain PCNL access. All the pig model trainees and 71% of the silicone model trainees felt that the simulation activity was worthwhile.

Conclusions: The inexpensive but anatomically realistic ex-vivo pig model using real-world equipment provides trainees with an excellent tool to learn PCNL access.
A União Europeia e a crise que não é somente migratória
Authors: Corrêa Adriana Dos Santos , Brum Adriana Kirchof de
Published: February 2019

A partir de 2015, a política de asilo europeia passou por uma série de mudanças. Este artigo busca analisar os impactos institucionais causados pela crise migratória na União Europeia e identificar e a sua interferência nas relações do bloco.
Umweltrecht
Authors: Schlacke Sabine
Published: February 2019

Das Umweltrecht ist wie kein anderes Rechtsgebiet inzwischen europarechtlich überformt. Die Stärke des mittlerweile in 7. Auflage erschienenen Lehrbuches ist es, Europäisierung und Internationalisierung dieses Rechtsgebietes anschaulich anhand zahlreicher Grafiken und Fallbeispiele zu erörtern. Vollständig eingearbeitet sind die neuesten Rechtsentwicklungen – darunter etwa das EEG 2017.

Aus dem Inhalt:
Grundprinzipien und Instrumente des Umweltrechts
Rechtsschutz im Umweltrecht
Umwelteuroparecht
Immissionsschutzrecht
Natur-, Boden-, Gewässer- und Klimaschutz
Kreislaufwirtschaftsrecht
Neueste Rechtsprechung und Literatur
Folter, unmenschliche und erniedrigende Behandlung in der Rechtsprechung des EGMR und die strafprozessualen Konsequenzen
Authors: van der Berg Else Feikje
Published: February 2019

This book offers an insight into the interpretation of Art. 3 ECHR in the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights. Over the last few decades, the court has considerably widened the scope of Art. 3 ECHR to include a series of new cases, such as non-refoulement cases. Pilot rulings on the prohibition of torture and the establishment of procedural regulations regarding Art. 3 cases further show how the court has simultaneously extended the reach of its jurisdiction. The author poses and discusses the question of to what extent these developments encroach on the contracting parties’ sovereignty and, extending beyond that, whether such infringements could potentially be justified by the court’s primary responsibility to protect and ensure human dignity.
Die Vortäuschung eines Zufallsfundes im Ermittlungsverfahren
Authors: Schefer Lukas
Published: February 2019

In the face of the complex investigative situation in cases of organised crime, criminal investigations have established various investigative measures not specifically covered by the German Code of Criminal Procedure as an integral part of effective investigative procedures. An investigative tool that has been used for some time is that of so-called “legendierte Kontrollen” (police checks whose apparently random nature is actually feigned).
This publication explains the concept and structure of this measure and its relevance to fundamental rights. In particular, it highlights the principle of a fair trial. One of its focuses is therefore the question of which regulatory area is subject to dual-functional measures by the police. After presenting the inadmissibility of such checks in the eyes of the applicable law and the resulting consequences of this, the author conducts an examination of the conflicting interests in this regard, which leads to him making a concrete legislative proposal.
Construção das Políticas de Educação de Jovens e Adultos em Pernambuco: qual a racionalidade?
Authors: Cavalcanti Ana Claudia Dantas
Published: February 2019

Este texto objetiva analisar em que medida a participação cidadã no campo da racionalidade dialógica, permeou a construção coletiva das políticas públicas de educação de jovens e adultos, no período 2012-2015 em Pernambuco. Adota referencial teórico que considera o cidadão no campo da racionalidade dialógica. A pesquisa utiliza a metodologia qualitativa e apresenta como fonte de coleta de dados, entrevistas semiestruturada envolvendo profissionais da educação. A apreciação dos dados utiliza-se da análise de conteúdo de Bardin (1977). Os resultados indicam que as políticas públicas de educação de jovens e de adultos, se orientam por uma lógica gerencialista, o que enfraquece as possibilidades de diálogo e da participação (Habermas, 2012). A despeito do enfraquecimento da participação, os sujeitos deste campo, por vezes, usam a autonomia na tentativa de reverter a lógica dominante.
A visão dos alunos da educação profissional de nível médio sobre as políticas de permanência estudantil no IFPA
Authors: Ferreira Maria Cristina Afonso , Souza Maria de Fátima Matos de
Published: February 2019

O texto integra uma pesquisa de mestrado que busca analisar a implementação das políticas de permanência no interior de um dos campi do Instituto Federal de Educação do Pará (IFPA), demarcadas no estudo como as ações do Programa Nacional de Assistência Estudantil. A abordagem é qualitativa, desenvolvida a partir da estratégia do estudo de caso, e utiliza-se dos instrumentos de coleta de dados: pesquisa documental e entrevistas semiestruturadas com seis alunos dos cursos de educação profissional de nível médio integrado e subsequente; situa-se as visões destes alunos sobre as políticas de permanência e, no que diz respeito às unidades de análise temática, sobre a escolha das ações e a permanência no curso. Os dados revelam que no campus do IFPA há a promoção do Fórum Interno Estudantil para a escolhas das ações integrando os alunos dos cursos de nível médio, mas que precisa aprimorar os mecanismos de participação em atenção às necessidades dos alunos. Identificou-se que os alunos atribuem à política de assistência estudantil estrita influência com a permanência no curso. Conclui-se que no campus as políticas de permanência se restringirem ao pagamento de auxílios financeiros, restringe-se a esta frente pelas limitações orçamentárias
Is Gram staining still useful in prosthetic joint infections?
Authors: Wouthuyzen-Bakker Marjan , Shohat Noam , Sebillotte Marine , Arvieux Cédric , Parvizi Javad , Soriano Alex
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus is an independent risk factor for DAIR failure in patients with a late acute prosthetic joint infection (PJI). Therefore, identifying the causative microorganism in an acute setting may help to decide if revision surgery should be chosen as a first surgical approach in patients with additional risk factors for DAIR failure. The aim of our study was to determine the sensitivity of Gram staining in late acute S. aureus PJI.Material and methods: We retrospectively evaluated all consecutive patients between 2005-2015 who were diagnosed with late acute PJI due to S. aureus. Late acute PJI was defined as the development of acute symptoms and signs of PJI, at least three months after the index surgery. Symptoms existing for more than three weeks were excluded from the analysis. Gram staining was evaluated solely for synovial fluid.Results: A total of 52 cases were included in the analysis. Gram staining was positive with Gram positive cocci in clusters in 31 cases (59.6%). Patients with a C-reactive protein (CRP) > 150 mg/L at clinical presentation had a significantly higher rate of a positive Gram stain (30/39, 77%) compared to patients with a CRP ≤ 150 mg/L (4/10, 40%) (p=0.02). A positive Gram stain was not related to a higher failure rate (60.6% versus 57.9%, p 0.85).Conclusion: Gram staining may be a useful diagnostic tool in late acute PJI to identify S. aureus PJI. Whether a positive Gram stain should lead to revision surgery instead of DAIR should be determined per individual case.
Brodie's Abscess: A Systematic Review of Reported Cases
Authors: van der Naald Niels , Smeeing Diederik P.J. , Houwert Roderick M. , Hietbrink Falco , Govaert Geertje A.M. , der Detlef van
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Introduction: Brodie's abscess is a form of osteomyelitis. Since its first appearance in the medical literature in 1832, numerous cases have been described. The aim of this article is to provide the first comprehensive overview of published cases of Brodie's abscess, and to describe diagnostic methods, therapeutic consequences and outcomes.Methods: According to PRISMA guidelines a systematic review of the literature was performed. All published data in English or Dutch were considered for inclusion with no limitations on publication date. Data was extracted on demography, duration of symptoms, signs of inflammation, diagnostic imaging, causative agent, treatment and follow-up.Results: A total of 70 articles were included, reporting on a total of 407 patients, mostly young (median age 17) males (male:female ratio 2.1:1). The median duration of symptoms before diagnosis was 12 weeks (SD 26). Mostly consisting of pain (98%) and/or swelling (53%). 84% of all patients were afebrile, and less than 50% had elevated serum inflammation markers. Diagnosis was made with a combination of imaging modalities: plain X-ray in 96%, MRI (16%) and CT-scan (8%). Treatment consisted of surgery in 94% of the cases, in conjunction with long term antibiotics in 77%. Staphylococcus aureus was the pathogen most often found in the culture (67,3%). Outcome was generally reported as favorable. Recurrence was reported in 15,6% of the cases requiring further intervention. Two cases developed permanent disability.Conclusion: Brodie's abscess has an insidious onset as systemic inflammatory signs and symptoms were often not found. Treatment consisted mostly of surgery followed by antibiotics (77%) or only surgery (17%) and outcomes were generally reported as favourable.
La construction politique de l’atlantisme en Europe centrale
Authors: Zima Amélie
Published: February 2019

L’orientation atlantique de l’Europe centrale est analysée à travers l’exemple de trois pays : la Hongrie, la Pologne et la République tchèque. L’étude démontre que ce choix, fait juste après la fin de la guerre froide, n’était ni logique ni évident, mais tenait d’une construction politique dont les ressorts furent différents selon les cas considérés. L’atlantisme résultait tant de jeux politiques nationaux que de la formation de liens culturels ou de considérations géopolitiques. Cependant, si les modalités de son inscription à l’agenda furent variées, les raisons qui motivèrent celle-ci furent similaires et correspondaient à des besoins sécuritaires et identitaires. Enfin, cet exemple montre à quel point les passés douloureux ont influencé la construction de la politique étrangère.
Au seuil de l’enfer : la Seine dans La Comédie humaine
Authors: Baroni Silvia
Published: February 2019

Balzac, archéologue de Paris, donne assez rarement des descriptions de la Seine dans La Comédie humaine. Plus qu’un élément géographique, la Seine devient dans l’oeuvre balzacienne un symbole d’isolement, de désespoir, métaphore de l’exil de Dante dans Les Proscrits. En fait, si l’île de la Cité et l’île Saint-Louis représentent, pour Balzac, des lieux obscurs, encore liés au Moyen Âge, théâtres de complots, repères des sociétés secrètes, comme dans l’Envers de l’histoire contemporaine, c’est aussi grâce à l’eau noire et « poignante » de la Seine que la dimension de mystère et d’exotisme est créée. La Seine attire les désespérés qui, comme Raphaël de Valentin, ont joué leur dernière cartouche, et plane sur elle l’« ombre d’Ophélie ». La Seine se dessine enfin comme Styx de la ville moderne, le seuil entre le passé et le présent, entre le monde des vivants et l’outre-tombe, sur lequel le Pouvoir occulte se manifeste.
Au bord de la Seine avec les Goncourt
Authors: Vantine Peter
Published: February 2019

Plusieurs romans d’Edmond et Jules de Goncourt (En 18.., Charles Demailly, Renée Mauperin, Manette Salomon) proposent de longues et riches descriptions de la Seine, que nous examinons afin d’en dégager la poétique commune, tout en relevant quelques exceptions marquantes. Les Goncourt interrompent volontiers la trame narrative d’un roman pour se complaire dans des compositions tout en nuances de couleurs, en effets de lumières et d’ombres, en contrastes de mouvements et en orchestrations de sons. Sans être des descriptions de tableaux réels, ces passages sont parfois inspirés d’une oeuvre ou d’un peintre en particulier, et trahissent parfois une tentative, de la part des romanciers, de rivaliser avec les artistes qu’ils admirent. Si leur situation géographique varie, ces scènes partagent un ton mixte qui combine la gaîté et la mélancolie. La Seine et ses bords fonctionnent souvent chez les Goncourt comme un locus amoenus trompeur ou révélateur : s’y déroulent de brefs interludes idylliques et amoureux qui annoncent néanmoins des naufrages imminents. Un ton mélancolique teinte aussi maintes mentions de la Seine dans le Journal, surtout sous la plume d’Edmond veuf de son frère.
Implementation and validity of the long jump knowledge-based system: Case of the approach run phase
Authors: Kamnardsiri Teerawat , Janchai Worawit , Khuwuthyakorn Pattaraporn , Rittiwat Wacharee
Published: February 2019

This study aimed to propose the method of implementation of the Knowledge-Based System (KBS) in the case of approach-run phase. The proposed method was implemented for improving the long jump performance of athletes in the approach-run phase. Moreover, this study aimed to examine KBS concurrent validity in distinguishing between professional and amateur populations and then KBS convergent validity against a Tracker video analysis tool. Seven running professionals aged 19 to 42 years and five amateurs aged 18 to 38 years had captured with ten conditions of different movements (C1 to C10) using a standard video camera (60 fps, 10 mm lens). The camera was fixed on the tripod. The results showing an age-related difference in a speed measurement of ten conditions were evidently using the KBS. Good associations were found between KBS and Tracker 4.94 video analysis tool across various conditions of three variables that were the starting position (r=0.926 and 0.963), the maximum velocity (r=0.972 and 0.995) and the location of maximum velocity (r=0.574 and 0.919). In conclusion, the proposed method is a reliable tool for measuring the starting position, maximum speed and position of maximum speed. Furthermore, the proposed method can also distinguish speed performance between professional and amateur across multiple movement conditions.
Deconstructing the Polymerase Chain Reaction II: An improved workflow and effects on artifact formation and primer degeneracy
Authors: Naqib Ankur , Poggi Silvana , Green Stefan J
Published: February 2019

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of complex microbial genomic DNA templates with degenerate primers can lead to distortion of the underlying community structure due to inefficient primer-template interactions leading to bias. We previously described a method of deconstructed PCR (“PEX PCR”) to separate linear copying and exponential amplification stages of PCR to reduce PCR bias (Green et al. 2015). In this manuscript, we describe an improved deconstructed PCR (“DePCR”) protocol separating linear and exponential stages of PCR and allowing higher throughput of sample processing. We demonstrate that the new protocol shares the same benefits of the original and show that the protocol dramatically and significantly decreases the formation of chimeric sequences during PCR. By employing PCR with annealing temperature gradients, we further show that there is a strong negative correlation between annealing temperature and the evenness of primer utilization in a complex pool of degenerate primers. Shifting primer utilization patterns mirrored shifts in observed microbial community structure in a complex microbial DNA template. We further employed the DePCR method to amplify the same microbial DNA template independently with each primer variant from a degenerate primer pool. The non-degenerate primers generated a broad range of observed microbial communities, but some were highly similar to communities observed with degenerate primer pools. The same experiment conducted with standard PCR led to consistently divergent observed microbial community structure. The DePCR method is simple to perform, is limited to PCR mixes and cleanup steps, and is recommended for reactions in which degenerate primer pools are used or when mismatches between primers and template are possible.
Peran perceived injustice pada evaluasi bias terhadap outgroup berdasarkan perspektif diri dan Tuhan
Authors: Fajar Isnaeni , Milla Mirra Noor
Published: February 2019

Kasus penistaan agama pada pilkada DKI tahun 2016 memberikan gambaran bagaimana evaluasi bias dapat terjadi dalam relasi antar kelompok di Indonesia. Selain karena faktor agama, persepsi ketidakadilan dapat menjadi basis evaluasi bias antar kelompok. Kami menduga bahwa perbedaan konteks adil tidak adil memiliki peran terhadap evaluasi bias. Studi eksperimen ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana peran persepsi ketidakadilan (vs. adil) terhadap evaluasi bias berdasarkan perspektif diri dan Tuhan (N = 219; M age = 21,63; 49% perempuan). Studi eksperimen ini menggunakan desain 2 (pengambilan perspektif: diri dan Tuhan; within) x 2 (konteks: adil vs. tidak adil; between) mixed design. Evaluasi bias diukur dengan menggunakan skenario pemberian hukuman orang ketiga dimana partisipan memiliki peran sebagai orang ketiga yang dapat memberikan hukuman kepada target outgroup (pemain fiktif). Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa konteks tidak adil (vs. adil) memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan terhadap evaluasi bias outgroup berdasarkan perspektif diri dan Tuhan. Evaluasi bias akan cenderung untuk lebih tinggi pada konteks tidak adil daripada konteks adil. Hasil ini memiliki implikasi bahwa dalam relasi antar kelompok persepsi ketidakadilan dan penggunaan perspektif diri (vs Tuhan) memiliki pengaruh terhadap evaluasi bias outgroup.
Penggunaan smartphone dan locus of control: Keterkaitannya dengan prestasi belajar, kualitas tidur dan subjective well-being
Authors: Susanto Dedy
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh frekuensi penggunaan smartphone dan locus of control (LOC) terhadap penggunaan smartphone disaat tidak tepat (waktu tidur dan belajar sendiri), prestasi belajar, dan subjective well-being (SWB). Penelitian ini mengumpulkan sebanyak 342 mahasiswa diambil dengan metode circular systematic random sampling dan diminta mengisi kuesioner penelitian yang telah tervalidasi. Path Analysis digunakan untuk memeriksa pengaruh penggunaan smartphone dan LOC terhadap beberapa variabel yang dipilih. Berdasarkan hasil uji kesesuaian model, covariance model tidak berbeda signifikan terhadap covariance sampel (good fit). Analisis utama penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan smartphone harian berpengaruh terhadap penggunaan smartphone diwaktu tidak tepat, kualitas tidur, dan SWB. Sedangkan LOC berpengaruh terhadap aktivitas penggunaan smartphone diwaktu tidur, kualitas tidur, dan SWB. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa semakin meningkatnya penggunaan smartphone harian akan meningkatkan penggunaan smartphone diwaktu yang tidak tepat , menurunkan kualitas tidur, dan menurunkan SWB. Selanjutnya, semakin internal LOC, semakin rendah penggunaan smartphone diwaktu tidur, meningkatnya kualitas tidur, dan meningkatnya SWB.