bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Catadoras de materiais recicláveis: estratégias de resistência e medicamentos durante a pandemia de covid-19
Authors: Coutinho Júnior Miguel Eusébio Pereira , Diehl Eliana Elisabeth
Published: March 2024

Resumo A catação de materiais recicláveis é uma ocupação com crescente número de trabalhadores, que encontram nela sustento diante das desigualdades socioeconômicas e do desemprego. Este artigo descreve as estratégias de resistência de mulheres catadoras que fazem parte de uma associação no Nordeste brasileiro, além da forma como elas lidaram com problemas de saúde durante a pandemia de covid-19, especialmente no que se refere aos medicamentos. Utilizamos uma abordagem quantitativa e uma etnográfica, coletando dados sociodemográficos de 13 participantes e dos medicamentos presentes em suas casas, e também realizando observação participante e entrevistas aprofundadas. Em meio à crise sanitária, foram mencionados problemas como o desemprego, as relações de gênero, a violência e os estigmas do trabalho. Se por um lado a pandemia vulnerabilizou ainda mais alguns segmentos populacionais, por outro potencializou estratégias coletivas de enfrentamento. As catadoras e a associação se organizaram para obter insumos e melhorias tanto na sede quanto no bairro. Identificamos 58 unidades de medicamentos, prescritos e obtidos principalmente na Unidade Básica de Saúde. Desses, 27,6% tinham ação sobre o sistema nervoso (analgésicos, psicolépticos e psicoanalépticos) e 17,2% sobre o sistema cardiovascular e sobre o trato alimentar e metabolismo. As catadoras desenvolveram práticas de autoatenção com os medicamentos, destacando o papel central deles no enfrentamento dos problemas de saúde.
MEDICINES FOR MANAGING LOWER PAIN IN PATIENTS WITH FAILED BACK SURGERY SYNDROME TREATED WITH NEUROMODULATION
Authors: Guerra Leonardo Mousinho , Oliveira Wilker Herkson de Almeida , Rodrigues Luciano Miller Reis , Lopes Fernanda Amate , Cesar André Evaristo Marcondes , Souza Rafael Carboni de
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the use of drugs to control low back pain in the pre- and postoperative periods among patients with Failed Back Surgery Syndrome (FBSS) undergoing neuromodulation. Methods: Retrospective observational study analyzing the medical records of patients with FBSS who underwent neuromodulation, followed up in an outpatient clinic from 2018 to 2020. The characteristics of the patients were evaluated: the use of medications, quality of life through the results of the Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36), and functional capacity using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) in the pre-surgical and post-surgical periods (06 months, 01 year). The criterion for establishing statistical significance was p≤0.05. Results: 56 patients were evaluated. There was a reduction in the use of pain control drugs after the institution of neuromodulation, including in the opioid class (d=0.81). An improvement was also observed in the ODI scores (p<0.001) and all the SF-36 domains (p<0.02) in the postoperative periods investigated. Conclusion: The data suggest that neuromodulation positively impacted back pain by reducing medication use and improving functional capacity and quality of life. Level of Evidence IV; Retrospective, Observational Study.
Securing mobility in Bucaramanga
Authors:   Universidad Americana de Europa, Angarita Reina Fredy , Aparicio Duran Brayan Alfonso , Arias Quintero Pedro Alberto , Gómez Salgado Luis , Gil Herrera Richard De Jesús , Ricardo Delgado Daniel
Published: March 2024

Introduction: The smart city paradigm is made up of a set of actors who must operate jointly to guarantee road flow. However, sometimes there are accidents, and they affect productive apparatus, cause minor or temporary injuries and sometimes death of the individuals involved. Problem: Events occur for multiple reasons and the authorities have difficulties in implementing controls that minimize their occurrence since they do not have the necessary tools to capture and analyze timely information on the claims that have been presented. Objective: The objective is to increase road safety control and safeguard mobility in Bucaramanga. For this, a mobile application is designed to capture accident data by implementing the Flutter framework and the Model- View design pattern methodology. Controller (MVC). Methodology: The development of software to analyze the large amount of information on road events. A da- tabase is developed where said information is stored and processed using programming languages, coding and data hosting. Design and process factors are also considered according to the user’s needs, which will determine the interface and expected performance. Results: A structured system for data capture with the ability to integrate the general community, streamline the availability of information and facilitate decision making that deals with the problem in real time. Conclusion: It is concluded that its implementation in the city fosters self-care for pedestrians and drivers, facilitating the design of effective control measures by territorial entities, bringing the city of Bucaramanga closer to sustainability. Originality: This methodology for integrating events is unique in the country and is developed based on the city’s own characteristics. Limitations: The lack of information provided by the government actors.
Democracia, economía, migraciones y salud en la integración del siglo XXI
Authors:   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Fairlie Reinoso Alan , Simonit Silvia , Bustamante Ana Marleny , Sacristán Rodríguez Claudia Patricia , Brumat Leiza , Freier Luisa Feline , Zavando Cerda Daniela del Pilar , Ortiz Morales Catherine , Guinea Llorente Mercedes
Published: March 2024

Nos encontramos ante el segundo de tres tomos de la colección Gridale que recoge temas de varias de las ponencias presentadas por académicos latinoamericanos y europeos en un simposio organizado por el Gridale y el IELEPI en la Universidad Alcalá de Henares, España, en octubre del 2022, para analizar los resultados de la Conferencia sobre el Futuro de Europa, realizada entre el 2021 y el 2022, con el objetivo de brindar oportunidades a la ciudadanía europea de sugerir temas para la profundización de su proceso de integración. El tomo 14 de la colección Gridale abarca, de esta manera, investigaciones impulsadas por la reflexión en torno a los resultados de la Conferencia sobre el Futuro de Europa, pero, particularmente, por la proyección de esta reflexión hacia las experiencias regionalistas en América Latina y el Caribe. En la totalidad de los capítulos, los autores hacen referencia tanto a la integración latinoamericana como a la europea, aunque esas referencias varían en cantidad y profundidad. El libro condensa, en particular, ponencias sobre políticas económicas, políticas sociales, salud y migraciones, y, asimismo, sobre participación ciudadana y gobernanza multinivel. Temas todos de enorme relevancia, pertinencia y actualidad para los ciudadanos europeos y latinoamericanos.
VI Congreso Internacional de Enfermería y Salud: Desafíos para la Salud Global y VI Encuentro de Semilleros de Investigación
Authors:   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Camacho Rodríguez Doriam , Quintero Ramírez Nini , Reyes Ríos Luz Ángela
Published: March 2024

En este compendio de resúmenes presentamos los trabajos socializados en el VI Congreso internacional de Enfermería y salud: Desafíos para la salud global y VI Encuentro de Semilleros de Investigación, liderado por el Grupo de Investigación en Salud (GRISAL), adscrito a la Facultad de Enfermería de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, sede Santa Marta. En este espacio de divulgación de nuevo conocimiento en Enfermería y Salud, se presentaron 6 ponencias magistrales, 26 trabajos de semilleros y 74 ponencias de investigación, organizados en 9 mesas de trabajo orientadas a las siguientes temáticas: 1) salud sexual y reproductiva, 2) desarrollo disciplinar de enfermería, 3) salud mental, 4) gestión del cuidado, 5) salud del trabajador, 6) salud pública y epidemiología, 7) educación y salud, 8) cuidado crónico y 9) salud del niño y el adolescente.
Epistemic Injustice in Deliberative Mini Publics
Authors: Schmidt Eva
Published: March 2024

The foundational principles of deliberation rest on citizens meeting as political and moral equals. If wetake them seriously, we need to consider the exclusion that arises from power asymmetries. These canlead to some groups being absent from decision-making processes, but often they are excluded evenwhen they are present. This exclusion can be conceptualised as internal exclusion, which is the way inwhich some people—typically members of marginalised groups—speak and are heard and believed less inpolitical communication. In this article, I make two claims. First, I argue that we should distinguish twokinds of internal exclusion: symbolic and epistemic. While symbolic internal exclusion describes the wayin which some groups are greeted and acknowledged differently than others, epistemic internal exclusionhappens when some people are believed and heard less. I will argue that the latter conception can befleshed out most productively with theories of epistemic injustice, as this body of work considers thespecifically epistemic dimension of systems of oppression. To illustrate the benefits of this approach, I willapply it to deliberative mini-publics, which are becoming increasingly institutionalised and consequentlyhave a greater influence on public policy. The three design features I discuss are group composition andfacilitation, agenda setting and choice of experts, and the relationship between rhetoric and persuasion.I will show how the epistemic internal exclusion perspective helps to analyse and identify the aspects ofdeliberative practice that exclude marginalised groups from influencing the discussion and the outcomesfairly.
A magyar határőrség helyzete az 1956-os évben október 23-át megelõzõen
Authors: Fórizs Sándor
Published: March 2024

A publikáció a határőrség helyzetét, tevékenységét mutatja be az 1956-os évben azoktóberi eseményeket megelőzően. A szerző a Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár OrszágosLevéltára dokumentumai alapján elemzi a határőrség tevékenységét és a feltalálhatóvezetési okmányok tartalmát, bemutatja az év legfontosabb határőrizeti eseményeit ésa határőrség vezetésének meghatározó törekvéseit. A kutatás fő kérdése, voltak-e előjelei az október hónapban bekövetkezett társadalmi robbanásnak.
Jól működik a veszélyhelyzeti tájékoztatás? Avagy miként lehet fokozni a lakosságvédelmet
Authors: Bene Viktória , Elek Barbara
Published: March 2024

Az elmúlt időszakban az információs fejlődésben nagymértékű változás következett be. Az információs fejlődés – pozitív irányú drasztikus elmozdulása mellett – többirányú negatív társadalmi következményekkel is járt. Ennek hatására a védelmi rendszerben a lakosság többpilléres tájékoztatása megoldandó feladattá vált. A veszélyhelyzeti tájékoztatás hitelessége, valamint a lakosság bizalmának megőrzésében a médiatorzítás, fake news és deepfake különös kockázatot jelent. A cikkben a szerzők felhívják a figyelmet a generációs különbségekből származó eltérő igényekre, valamint a média befolyásoló hatásainak várható következményeire, továbbá az új kommunikációs csatornák bevezetésének lehetőségére és szükségességére.
Special section editorial
Authors: Byrne Deirdre C. , Alexander Josephine Olofunmilayo
Published: March 2024

Decolonisation is a group of critical theories aimed at negating colonialism by eradicating its multifaceted effects on the life of the colonised. According to Olufemi Táíwò (2022:xvi), it is an all-encompassing theory that has become a catch-all idea to tackle anything with any, even minor, association with the 'West'. Decolonial scholars such as Quijano, Walter Mignolo, Nelson Maldonado-Torres, Boaventura de Sousa Santos, Achille Mbembe, NgügT wa Thiong'o, and Sabelo J Ndlovu-Gatsheni argue that colonialism did not end with the political independence of colonised nations as the effects have extended beyond independence and have continued to permeate all aspects of the lives of the colonised. The continuing power of colonialism, according to these scholars, is manifested in the coloniality of power, coloniality of being and coloniality of knowledge (Mignolo & Walsh 2018:10). They advocate for a decolonial turn from the dominant hierarchical, white, male, and Christian supremacy of Western hegemony and universalism to a dynamic pluriversal recognition and acceptance of knowledges from the Global South.
Entorno tributario ecuatoriano. Un enfoque desde la academia
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Chávez Pullas María Alexandra , Chenche González Rossana Jaidí ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Pesantez Urgiles Carmen Isabel ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Baque León Gabriel Eduardo ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Gálvez Zambrano Liz Marian ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Calvo Ayovi Dayana Javiera ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Orozco Ruiz Bryan Anthony ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Marcillo Hidalgo Jenny del Carmen ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Moreira Burgos Rita Isaura ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), León Salavarria Cindy Jessenia ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Meza Mero Mercedes Anahí ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Jiménez Martínez Noelia Giselle ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Ramírez Borbor Ana Gabriela ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Quishpillo Pilco Diana Cecibel ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Jácome Barzola Arianna Gabriela ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Chávez Pullas María Alexandra ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: March 2024

Entorno tributario ecuatoriano: un enfoque desde la academia es una colaboración significativa de los estudiantes de la Carrera de Contabilidad y Auditoría, que ofrece una perspectiva académica sobre las complejidades del sistema tributario del Ecuador. Este trabajo ha permitido a los estudiantes explorar y debatir las normativas tributarias con un enfoque científico, promoviendo el desarrollo de habilidades investigativas, analíticas y críticas esenciales para su formación como futuros profesionales en contabilidad, con especialización en tributación. Realizado en coordinación con el Grupo de Investigación GIFCA, Entorno tributario ecuatoriano está dirigido a estudiantes, profesionales y cualquier persona interesada en el sistema tributario del país. Además de transmitir conocimientos, este trabajo busca fomentar la comprensión de los desafíos y oportunidades inherentes al sistema tributario ecuatoriano.
Rebaja del Impuesto a la Salida de Divisas y su aplicación en el sector exportador ecuatoriano
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Chávez Pullas María Alexandra , Chenche González Rossana Jaidí ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Pesantez Urgiles Carmen Isabel ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: March 2024

La economía de un país se sustenta en gran parte sobre los mecanismos tributarios. El Estado aplica esta herramienta para recaudar recursos que financien las necesidades públicas (Carrera et al., 2020). La política fiscal está destinada a constituir tributos que mantengan al gasto público, que se utiliza para delimitar el consumo e implementar los recursos que recauda un Estado (Sigüenza et al., 2016). Por otro lado, las exportaciones deben ser promocionadas por cada país para impulsar el crecimiento económico y competitividad en el mercado internacional (Barrientos, 2014). Por tanto, el equilibrio de estas áreas sostiene el crecimiento económico de un país (Córdova, 2014). Las políticas tributarias son fundamentales para garantizar la solvencia de un país (Carrera et al., 2020). Además de que estas condicionan el crecimiento de las exportaciones que constituyen un motor esencial de la economía ecuatoriana (Alvarado et al., 2020). El Estado ecuatoriano implementa impuestos por medio de la política tributaria, cuya recaudación es fundamental, los impuestos con mayor recaudación son: el Impuesto al Valor Agregado (IVA), Impuesto a la Renta (IR), el Impuesto a la Salida de Divisas (ISD), y el Impuesto a los Consumos Especiales (ICE).
Las empresas fantasmas y su efecto en la recaudación tributaria del Ecuador
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Chávez Pullas María Alexandra , Marcillo Hidalgo Jenny del Carmen , Moreira Burgos Rita Isaura ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: March 2024

Los tributos son una fuente decisiva del financiamiento público y su recaudación representa uno de los principales rubros de los ingresos del Estado. El artículo 6 del Código Tributario de Ecuador establece que los tributos sirven para recolectar ingresos para el Estado, por tanto, son herramientas de política económica, cuyo objetivo es fomentar la inversión, promover el ahorro y contribuir al desarrollo nacional. Desde la perspectiva de Clausing (2011), el recaudo de los tributos es un mecanismo de vital importancia para que los gobiernos puedan solventar entornos de desigualdad económica. Por lo tanto, la administración tributaria de cada país debe implementar medidas de recaudación que garanticen la obtención de los recursos necesarios que les permita cubrir los compromisos y elevar la calidad de vida de sus habitantes (Rojas y Barbarán, 2021).
Análisis del impacto del impuesto a la salida de divisas en Ecuador: sector exportador
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Quishpillo Pilco Diana Cecibel , Jácome Barzola Arianna Gabriela ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Chávez Pullas María Alexandra ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: March 2024

El presupuesto de una nación se conforma por los recursos económicos, tal como lo es la captación de ingresos a través de los tributos (Pacheco et al., 2019). En ese sentido, los impuestos proporcionan eficiencia económica. A criterio de los autores Torres y Ochoa (2017), los Estados no realizan cambios de políticas, sin que estos no se relacionen con los tributos. Estos ayudan a corregir déficits económicos, por lo que siempre se modifican a través de normativas o se emiten nuevas resoluciones por parte de la administración tributaria.
Az erdei vadhatás és a természetes újulat térségi szintű vizsgálata az Északi-középhegységben
Authors: Szmorad Ferenc , Standovár Tibor
Published: March 2024

Jelen tanulmány az erdei vadhatás és az újulat-jellemzők összefüggéseit vizsgálja az Északi-középhegység három tájegységében (Börzsöny, Mátra, Aggteleki-karszt), mintegy 50 000 hektáron. A közel 60 000 mintapont felmérése alapján végzett elemzések aktív gazdálkodással nem érintett erdőterületekre is kiterjednek, s az erdészeti gyakorlatban használt alapvető mutatókon (borítás, rágottság) túl az újulathiány mértékének és okának témakörét is érintik. Az eredmények mindhárom tájegységben a csülkösvad fajok erős, az újulat életképességét és mennyiségi reprezentáltságát jelentősen csökkentő hatását mutatják. Erős újulat-rágottságot a minták 58,17-76,23%-ánál tapasztaltunk, ezzel párhuzamosan az alacsony (0-0,5 m) újulatnál 46,59–54,23%, míg a magas (0,5-2,5 m) újulatnál 61,31-83,91% volt azon minták aránya, ahol a borítás az 1%-ot sem érte el. Nem paraméteres korreláció elemzéssel negatív, szignifikáns kapcsolatot találtunk a nagyvad által okozott talajbolygatás mértéke és az újulatborítás között. A vadhatás csökkentése a vágásos erdők sikeres felújítása mellett a folyamatos erdőborítást biztosító gazdálkodás elterjedése és a faanyagtermeléssel nem érintett erdők hosszú távú fenn.artása szempontjából is elengedhetetlen.
Política de escritura de un cuerpo entre la literatura [y] la filosofía [y] la investigación…
Authors: Amaris-Ruidiaz Paola , Miarka Roger
Published: March 2024

En este artículo se propone discutir ¿Qué puede la escritura de un cuerpo que escribe? a partir de la provocación de una tesis doctoral escrita con todo el cuerpo, en la que se asumió metodológicamente una práctica cartográfica-antropofágica-corporal como posibilidad de dar lengua a los movimientos del deseo y de la escritura. Para operar junto a esa pregunta, este texto es producido con autores de la filosofía de la diferencia y de la literatura sin distinción, comprendidos todos como elementos en una composición. Estructuralmente está compuesta por una apertura en que se presenta la propuesta, tres secciones que problematizan la potencia de la escritura de un cuerpo que escribe y un cierre que asume la escritura como deseo de una política de escritura. Este texto espera crear posibilidades de otras escrituras académicas que asuman un rigor ético-estéticopolítico en las investigaciones.
Análisis de la gamificación como metodología para fomentar el hábito lector
Authors: Lorenzo-Benítez Roberto , Calle-Espinoza Nathaly Tatiana , Mora-Erazo Gloria Yessenia , Herrera-Navas Cristopher David
Published: March 2024

El docente contemporáneo debe adecuarse a condiciones y necesidades generacionales de su contexto en pro de atender sus problemáticas; una de las principales es la mala comprensión lectora por la carencia de su praxis. Este artículo de investigación presenta los resultados de un estudio que tuvo como propósito fomentar el hábito lector a través de la gamificación como metodología. Se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo y un diseño cuasi-experimental de tipo explicativo que contó con una muestra de 56 estudiantes. El instrumento aplicado fue la Escala de Motivación Lectora (Motivation to Read), inventario parametrizado con una validación de alfa de Cronbach de 0,82. Como principales hallazgos se obtuvo en el pretest que el 44,64 % de la muestra tenía un hábito lector medio y el 33,93 % bajo; por ende, se diseñó y aplicó una propuesta fundamentada en los principios de la gamificación a través de las siguientes plataformas y medios: Genially, Nearpod, Pixton, ComicBook+, Wattpad y redes sociales. En el postest, el 96,49 % de los estudiantes lograron un hábito lector alto. Por ello, se puede concluir en que la gamificación es una metodología que aporta significativamente a la mejora del hábito lector, optimizando el autoconcepto lector de los estudiantes y aumentando el valor que le otorgan a la lectura.
Líneas divisorias en la crianza, enseñanza y cuidado de la primera infancia: explorando la fragmentación y las desigualdades desde una perspectiva sistémica
Authors: Guevara Jenifer , Semmoloni Carolina
Published: March 2024

A pesar de las persistentes críticas a la división entre educación y cuidado, según la investigación, las políticas y prácticas, continúan trazándose líneas divisorias entre la crianza, enseñanza y cuidado (cec) de la primera infancia (pi). Estos bordes se enfrentan con perspectivas que van más allá de la sectorialización del campo y que tienden hacia enfoques holísticos e integrales. Desde una perspectiva sistémica, en el presente artículo se explora la noción de líneas divisorias como una herramienta teórica para interrogar a los sistemas de cec, superando la mirada sectorial y la falsa oposición que divide educación y cuidado. El artículo, respaldado por un análisis empírico de las líneas divisorias existentes en el sistema cec en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (Argentina), examina dónde y cómo se dibujan estos bordes en la arquitectura institucional, en la esfera discursiva y en el territorio. El análisis arroja luz sobre la fragmentación y las desigualdades en los sistemas cec, un problema persistente en Argentina y América del Sur.
L’integrazione multidisciplinare nella diagnostica per immagini cardiaca: il gruppo cardio-radiologico
Authors: Pancaldo Diego , Groppo Marchisio Federica
Published: March 2024

Gli sviluppi continui della tecnologia medica hanno contribuito ad ampliare il campo della diagnostica per immagini, particolarmente non invasiva, in ambito cardiaco, permettendo di ottenere un’ampia scelta di esami i quali, sia pur tecnologicamente diversi ed afferenti a branche specialistiche distinte, posseggono capacità di integrazione; è auspicabile che la selezione degli esami più idonei alla diagnostica cardiaca debba essere basata sull’ampia conoscenza di cosa le diverse tecniche disponibili offrano. Ciò è possibile a condizione che specialisti di diversa estrazione, esperti nei diversi ambiti della diagnostica cardiologica collaborino integrando le competenze in un’ottica di “ibridazione delle conoscenze”.
Building a phenotype-o-mat: A low-cost DIY plate reader for high-throughput phenotype measurements v1
Authors: Braverman Ben
Published: March 2024

We've developed a DIY, low-cost, 96-well plate imager called the phenotype-o-mat. This protocol outlines the steps to assemble it yourself. We cover: 1) 3D-printing components 2) Adding threaded inserts 3) Soldering LEDs 4) Setting up the Arduino Nano Every 5) Connecting the BlackFly camera 6) Running an assay While you can 3D-print a few of the components, the rest are commercially available. Check out the "Materials" tab to see what you'll need before beginning assembly. The necessary 3D-printing files and code are available in our phenotype-o-mat GitHub repo. If you have any questions or suggestions about assembly, please feel free to reach out at ben.braverman@arcadiascience.com or comment on our forthcoming phenotype-o-mat pub at research.arcadiascience.com.
Methods for Thematic Analysis and Ranking in Information Analysis Systems Based on Relational DBMS
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation, Shachnev D. A.
Published: March 2024

The paper presents the models and algorithms for searching, filtering and ranking data in an information analysis system, based on the ontological description of its structure. The rules for filtering and ranking objects based on their boolean, numeric or enumerable properties are specified by the users, and based on these rules SQL queries are evaluated. Another problem considered is taking subject area into account when searching for objects. Adding this allows one to solve many tasks that occur in current research information systems, such as searching for experts in given subject areas or generating reports. A search query can be specified in the form of a set of keywords, and a statistical approach is used for comparing keyword sets.
Computational Dielectric Metasurfaces in Photonic Topological Devices for Multidimensional Signal Processing
Authors:   Kotel'nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Potapov Alexander A.
Published: March 2024

A single-layer computational dielectric broadband metasurface (MS) with silicon nanodiscs is proposed to implement spatial differentiation and contour recognition operations. The variety of physical mechanisms of dielectric MSs for performing similar mathematical operations is considered. The necessity of such computational nanostructures for improving the numerous methods of topological texture-fractal processing of signals and fields in modern radio physics and radio electronics is revealed.
Investigation and development of methods for automatic search for AUC-diagram-based features of Parkinson's disease and essential tremor
Authors:   Kotel'nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Sushkova Olga S. , Morozov Alexei A. ,   Kotel'nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Khokhlova Margarita N. ,   Kotel'nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Kershner Ivan A. ,   Kotel'nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Gabova Alexandra V. ,   Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of RAS, Chigaleychik Larisa A. ,   Research Center of Neurology, Karabanov Alexei V. ,   Research Center of Neurology
Published: March 2024

Methods and optimization algorithms for automatic search for AUC-diagram-based features of Parkinson's disease and essential tremor were studied and developed. AUC diagrams are a new method for statistical analysis of biomedical signals, based on visualizing the parameters of wave train electrical activity in the brain and muscles. The effectiveness of this method has been demonstrated in solving problems of early and differential diagnosis of Parkinson's disease and essential tremor. The disadvantage of this method is the need to construct and analyze a large number of graphic diagrams. In this regard, automation of the analysis of AUC diagrams is an urgent task. The mathematical problem of finding features based on the analysis of AUC diagrams is reduced to an optimization problem in a multidimensional feature space. A distinctive feature of the space constructed using AUC diagrams is the presence of relatively large compact areas containing local maxima and minima. This property of the feature space facilitates the search for solutions to the optimization problem, but at the same time requires the selection of optimization algorithms and fitness functions that increase the likelihood of detecting global extrema. In this work, methods for automatically searching for global extrema in the multidimensional space of features of wave train electrical activity are investigated and developed.
Physically realizable reconstruction of a continuous signal after sampling
Authors:   Севастопольский государственный университет, Дегтярев Андрей Н. , Афонин Игорь Л. ,   Севастопольский государственный университет, Поляков Александр Л. ,   Севастопольский государственный университет
Published: March 2024

Предлагается описывать сигналы в физически реализуемом базисе. В качестве базисных функций используются корреляционные функции импульсных характеристик физически реализуемых фильтров. Для получения аналитических выражений функций предлагаемого физически реализуемого базиса предлагается использовать обратные преобразования Фурье от аппроксимаций (Баттерворта, Чебышева и т.д.) квадратов амплитудно-частотных характеристик нормированных фильтров нижних частот. Функции базиса представляют собой копии указанных корреляционных функций импульсных характеристик, смещенные друг относительно друга на один и тот же интервал времени, который является интервалом дискретизации. Показано, что в пространстве введённых функций существует теорема отсчетов. Точное восстановление сигнала возможно в случае, если функции рассматриваемого базиса обладают свойством отсчётности. В этом случае рассматриваемые базисные функции представляют собой функции отсчётов и физически не реализуются. Для снижения погрешности восстановления непрерывного сигнала по его отсчётам с использованием предлагаемого базиса необходимо повышать порядок фильтра, импульсные характеристики которого используются при формировании базиса. Для восстановления непрерывного сигнала необходимо его отсчёты подавать на два каскадно соединенных фильтра. Первый фильтр должен иметь импульсную характеристику, корреляционная функция которой используется для формирования физически реализуемого базиса. Второй фильтр должен быть согласован с импульсной характеристикой первого фильтра
A Robust and Efficient Scheme for ECG Signal Classification Based on Digital Signal Processing, Feature Engineering Selection, and Random Forest Classifier
Authors:   Иракский университет, Ахмед Анас Фуад , Абдуллах Хадил Н. ,   Технологический университет, Албакер Бараа М. ,   Иракский университет
Published: March 2024

Определение оптимальной интеграции между функциями и классификаторами оказывает существенное влияние на производительность автоматических систем диагностики сердцебиения. Актуальность этого проявляется при работе с критически важными приложениями, которые содержат устройства с ограниченными ресурсами и требуют точных и быстрых классификаторов сердцебиения, чтобы помочь врачу поставить точный и быстрый диагноз заболеваний сердца. С целью решения этой задачи в данной статье представлен новый подход к выбору оптимальных характеристик сигнала ЭКГ путем использования радиочастотного классификатора (RF), следуя методу разделения сигналов ЭКГ между пациентами и следуя инструкциям Ассоциации по развитию медицинского инструментария (The Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation, AAMI). Характеристики были выбраны на основе концепции "взаимного информационного ранжирования (Mutual Information Ranking, MIR)". Представленная структура является комплексной с точки зрения эффективного выполнения всех необходимых процессов, начиная от обработки цифрового сигнала ЭКГ, сегментации, извлечения признаков, выбора признаков и заканчивая классификацией ЭКГ. Результаты экспериментов показывают, что признаки, соответствующие нормализованной ширине QRS и нормализованным интервалам RR, являются наиболее влиятельными признаками в классификации сердечного ритма. Все тесты проводились с использованием реальных сигналов ЭКГ, взятых из базы данных "MIT-BIH" (MIT-BIH-ARR-DB) по аритмиям. Предложенная схема достигла следующих показателей F1: 91.02%, 73.17% и 98.04% по классификации желудочковых эктопических комплексов (V или VEB), наджелудочковых эктопических комплексов (S или SVEB) и нормальных комплексов (N или NB), соответственно. Общая точность составила 96.26%. Несмотря на свою относительную простоту и использование небольшого количества функций, предлагаемый подход превосходит большинство известных современных решений.
Investigation and development of methods for automatic search for AUC-diagram-based features of Parkinson's disease and essential tremor
Authors:   Институт радиотехники и электроники им. В.А. Котельникова РАН, Сушкова Ольга С. , Морозов Алексей А. ,   Институт радиотехники и электроники им. В.А. Котельникова РАН, Хохлова Маргарита Н. ,   Институт радиотехники и электроники им. В.А. Котельникова РАН, Кершнерr Иван А. ,   Институт радиотехники и электроники им. В.А. Котельникова РАН, Габова Александра В. ,   Институт высшей нервной деятельности и нейрофизиологии РАН, Чигалейчик Лариса А. ,   Научный центр неврологии, Карабанов Алексей В. ,   Научный центр неврологии
Published: March 2024

Исследованы и разработаны методы автоматического поиска признаков нейродегенеративных заболеваний "болезнь Паркинсона" и "эссенциальный тремор" на основе AUC-диаграмм и алгоритмов оптимизации. AUC-диаграммы являются новым методом статистического анализа биомедицинских сигналов, основанным на визуализации параметров всплескообразной электрической активности мозга и мышц. Эффективность этого метода была продемонстрирована при решении задач ранней и дифференциальной диагностики болезни Паркинсона и эссенциального тремора. Недостатком данного метода является необходимость построения и анализа большого количества графических диаграмм. В связи с этим, автоматизация анализа AUC-диаграмм является актуальной задачей. Математическая задача поиска признаков на основе анализа AUC-диаграмм сводится к задаче оптимизации в многомерном пространстве признаков. Отличительной особенностью пространства признаков, построенного с использованием AUC-диаграмм, является наличие сравнительно больших компактных областей, содержащих локальные максимумы и минимумы. Это свойство пространства признаков облегчает поиск решений задачи оптимизации, но при этом требует выбор алгоритмов оптимизации и целевых функций, повышающих вероятность обнаружения глобальных экстремумов. В данной работе исследованы и разработаны методы автоматического поиска глобальных экстремумов в многомерном пространстве признаков всплескообразной электрической активности.
Embodied Resilience: A Quasi-Experimental Exploration of the Effects of a Trauma-Informed Yoga and Mindfulness Curriculum in Carceral Settings
Authors: Rousseau Danielle , Bourgeois Jennifer Wyatt , Johnson Josephine , Ramirez Lacey , Donahue Marissa
Published: March 2024

Individuals who are incarcerated likely experience trauma or exacerbate existing trauma, which has significant health risks. Trauma-informed care aims to address the experienced trauma. The current study explored the effect of a trauma-informed yoga and mindfulness curriculum in carceral settings. In this quasi-experimental study, participants (n = 326) were assigned to either six weekly sessions of 60-minute group trauma-informed yoga and mindfulness or a waitlist control condition. Stress and mood were measured pre- and postclass, whereas coping, emotional awareness, emotional regulation, anxiety, anger management, compassion, self-compassion, forgiveness, and posttraumatic growth were measured pre- and postcurriculum. The trauma-informed group showed a significant increase in mood and decrease in stress after participation in class. Participants were more likely to use positive coping skills, experienced greater levels of forgiveness, and were more likely to experience posttraumatic growth after completing programming as compared to a control group. Qualitative data highlighted perceived improvements in mood, physical health, communication with peers, coping with anxiety and anger, focus and self-control, optimism, acceptance, and open-mindedness. The qualitative data also demonstrated the importance of supportive relationships outside of participants’ peers (i.e., instructors). Outcomes suggest benefit of a trauma-informed yoga and mindfulness curriculum in aiding people who are incarcerated in supporting mental and physical well-being and building resilience.
Organizing follow-up care for patients with macular retinal pathologies using artificial intelligence systems
Authors: Chuprov Aleksandr D. , Bolodurina Irina P. , Lositskiy Aleksandr O. , Zhigalov Artur Yu.
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND: The Order of the Ministry of Health of Russia “On Approval of the Procedure for the Provision of Medical Care to the Adult Population for Diseases of the Eye, Appendages, and Orbit” provides for equipping consultation and diagnostic departments of outpatient clinics with optical coherence tomographs. However, case follow-up of patients with retinal pathology is most commonly performed in ophthalmology centers, limiting treatment accessibility for patients with primary (newly diagnosed) pathologies requiring immediate treatment initiation. The available approach requires modification and intensification, including the use of artificial intelligence technologies.
AIM: To develop methodological foundations for organizing follow-up care for patients with posterior segment eye diseases using an artificial intelligence-based clinical decision support system.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The existing regulatory framework was analyzed based on the Constitution of the Russian Federation, federal laws, by-law framework, and judicial practice. A structured medical document describing an optical coherence tomography image was created using an expert method: a survey of 100 ophthalmologists with an appropriate education level, including additional professional training, engaged specialized medical care for patients with posterior segment eye diseases was performed.
RESULTS: Using an expert method, 123 binary features were selected to describe the structure of the macular area of the retina under normal and pathological conditions, with 26 features identified as predictors of a worsening clinical course of the disease.
CONCLUSION: The proposed classifier enabled the creation and training of a medical decision support system based on 60,000 medical images, which, as an information service, without making a diagnosis, can change the case follow-up process. Routing of patients is a primary service of the proposed system. If the clinical picture shows signs of deterioration, a referral to an ophthalmology center is considered to assess the course of the disease and provide specialized services, including high-tech medical care.
The Origin of Byeonhan·Jinhan and the Reexamination of the Dahori Group based on Archaeological Materials
Authors:   Korean Ancient Historical Society, Lee Dong Hee
Published: March 2024

This study intended to examine the origin and establishment of Byeonhan and Jinhan based on its organic relationship with the late Bronze Age.
The Byeonhan region can be discussed in relation to the Songguk-ri cultural area and the Jinhan region, to the Geomdan-ri cultural area. The Songguk-ri cultural area can be viewed as a vertical society due to the advancement of class differentiation, while the Geomdan-ri cultural area is presumed to be a horizontal society with weak class differentiation. The old Byeonhan site shows the characteristic of large dolmen construction following the introduction of the slender bronze dagger culture in the 3rd to 2nd centuries BC, while the old Jinhan site, where class differentiation was relatively weak, clearly shows the transition to wooden coffin graves in relation to immigrants around the 2nd to 1st centuries BC. The Byeonhan region shows traces of cultural homogeneity spreading through sea routes along the southern coast of Gyeongsangnam-do since the late Bronze Age.
The Changwon Daho-ri Group, which had the largest number of wooden coffin grave groups in the Byeonhan region, was identified as a ‘port city state’ based on geopolitical location and excavated artifacts.
Assessing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Mortality and Morbidity: A Review
Authors: Richie Rodney
Published: March 2024

From PubMed, referencing articles over the previous 4 years, 146 articles addressing morbidity and mortality of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were reviewed. The major topics covered in this article include the epidemiology of COPD, spirometry with ATS/ERS and GOLD staging, scoring Indices (BODE, ADO, FODEP), trajectories in the development of COPD, pathophysiology of COPD, classification of COPD phenotypes, pharmacotherapy of COPD, causes of Acute Exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD), CT Lung imaging in COPD, and COPD comorbidities. All studies are referenced allowing for greater exploration into given areas of interest (76 ref.).
The Current State of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality Adoption in Vietnamese Education: A Teacher’s Perspective on Teaching Natural Sciences
Authors:   Faculty of Pedagogy, Hanoi Metropolitan University, Hanoi, Vietnam, Son Pham Ngoc
Published: March 2024

Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) technologies are increasingly applied across various fields, including education. However, in the Vietnamese education system, their use is still in its nascent stages. This article aims to analyze the current state of VR and AR adoption in the Vietnamese education system by evaluating two key aspects: the factors influencing the integration of VR and AR in teaching, and their roles in the Vietnamese educational context. The analysis is based on a survey conducted among 427 natural science teachers to assess the extent of technology adoption for instructional support, focusing on five factors: job positions, work locations, expertise levels, internet infrastructure, and English language proficiency. The research results reveal that, although VR and AR technologies have made their way into education, their adoption in Vietnam remains somewhat limited. The surveyed teachers indicate that the use of VR and AR enhances students’ learning experiences, making them more immersive and engaging when compared to traditional teaching methods. However, they do not have a comprehensive understanding of the full potential and roles of VR and AR in education. The findings obtained from this study serve as a foundational insight for future research, aimed at proposing solutions to leverage VR and AR technologies to improve student learning outcomes in a developing country like Vietnam.
Impact of case-based learning approach in clinical microbiology on second-year students: A prospective observational study
Authors: T Lakshmi  Jyothi , Wajid M , M Saranya , Naaz Shazia , Hada Vivek , Rani Usha , Suravaram Swathi , K Ariyanachi
Published: March 2024

Case-based learning (CBL) is an interactive student-centred exploration of real-life situations. It has been used in addition to didactic lectures (DL) in the medical curriculum for strengthening the students' critical thinking, clinical reasoning, and better understanding of the disease and its management.

100 students were divided into 2 groups. Group A was exposed to CBL first and didactic lectures later and Group B were exposed to didactic lectures and then to CBL, with pre and post tests conducted with questionnaire each time.

91% of the students were satisfied with the newer teaching learning method and 94% of the students felt the teaching method must be student centric.

CBL revealed improvised learning among the students and enhanced their communication skills and long term memory, while with didactic lectures, the students seemed not too keen on applying and implementing the topics.
Assessment of treatment outcome among HIV positive tuberculosis patients in Visakhapatnam
Authors: Sushma Kuppli Sai , Bhimarasetty Devi Madhavi , Lotheti Siva Kumar
Published: March 2024

In March 2016, RNTCP revised its technical and operational guidelines. One of the major additions was introduction of Daily Regimen in the treatment of Drug sensitive TB, started initially among TB-HIV co-infected patients in 2017. The present study was taken up to assess the treatment outcomes of Tuberculosis among TB-HIV co-infected patients and certain factors related to the poorer outcome of the treatment.

An Observational Longitudinal study conducted at an ART centre, attached to King George Hospital in Visakhapatnam District, Andhra Pradesh, among all TB-HIV co-infected patients newly diagnosed with Drug Susceptible Tuberculosis, aged above 18years, at the selected ART centre, from the month of June 2018 to December 2018. The sample size calculated was 88 with an absolute precision of 10. Ethical clearance from Institutional Ethics Committee, Andhra Medical College; Written informed consent from all the study participants were taken prior to start of study. Confidentiality of the study participants was maintained Qualitative variables were presented as proportions. Analytical statistics include chi-square test and regression analysis.

74% of the patients had a favourable treatment outcome, 15% of the patients died and 11% of the patients were lost to follow up. Occupational status of the study participant, Socio- economic class, tobacco using habit and their CD4 counts had a statistically significant impact on their TB treatment outcome.

CD4 count below 200cells/mm, Tobacco use, Diabetes Mellitus- factors responsible for unfavourable treatment outcome of Tuberculosis treatment

Case-specific approaches among LFUs may be carried out to bring improvements in the strategies which are already existing or framing new strategies.
Cross sectional study on the molecular detection of Hepatitis B virus in patients with chronic liver disease in Guntur, India revealed mutations in Genotype A of occult HBV
Authors: Murty Darbha S , Kolli Prasanthi , Jyothi Pendyala , Metta Muralidhar , Kavitha Anumula , Lokeshu Talapagala
Published: March 2024

The present study was aimed at the molecular detection of HBV infection among patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) and to study the mutation spectrum S-gene region in the occult HBV strains.

An observational study conducted on 200 clinically diagnosed CLD cases enrolled from the Gastroenterology unit. Two hundred serum samples were screened with Fibroscan and for HBsAg, HBCT and estimated liver enzymes. Samples positive for either HBsAg or Anti HBc total were further evaluated for other HBV markers and presence of HBV DNA. The S region was amplified in occult CHB cases and sequenced.

70.5% (141) of the patients with CLD were suffering with Chronic Hepatitis B virus (CHB). The HBV DNA was detected in 19.14% patients. Four cases were in occult phase. Two samples of them could be amplified. The isolates belong to the genotype A, and revealed certain mutations leading to novel amino acids.

Mutations in the S gene sequences of HBV virus from the Occult HBV infection (OBI) patients would lead to immune escape or cause occult infection. In the Genotype A at two positions, amino acids that are likely to cause occult infection are observed apart from mutations at certain positions leading to novel amino acids.