bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exposure to air pollutants and breast cancer risk: mediating effects of metabolic health biomarkers in a nested case-control study within the E3N-Generations cohort
Authors: Mercoeur Benoît , Fervers Béatrice , Coudon Thomas , Noh Hwayoung , Giampiccolo Camille , Grassot Lény , Faure Elodie , Couvidat Florian , Severi Gianluca , Mancini Francesca Romana , Roy Pascal , Praud Delphine , Amadou Amina
Published: October 2024

Background Growing epidemiological evidence suggests an association between exposure to air pollutants and breast cancer. Yet, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study explored the mediating role of thirteen metabolic health biomarkers in the relationship between exposure to three air pollutants, i.e. nitrogen dioxide (NO2), polychlorinated biphenyls 153 (PCB153), and benzo[a]pyrène (BaP), and breast cancer risk.Methods We used data from a nested case-control study within the French national prospective E3N-Generations cohort, involving 523 breast cancer cases and 523 matched controls. The four-way decomposition mediation of total effects for thirteen biomarkers was applied to estimate interaction and mediation effects (controlled direct, reference interaction, mediated interaction, and pure indirect effects).Results The analyses indicated a significant increase in breast cancer risk associated with BaP exposure (odds ratio (OR)Q4vsQ1 = 2.44, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.05–5.68). PCB153 exposure showed a statistically significant association only in the third quartile (ORQ3vsQ1 = 2.33, CI: 1.13–4.84), but it appeared to be non-significant and slightly attenuated in the highest quartile (ORQ4vsQ1 = 2.11, CI: 0.93–4.78). No significant association was observed between NO2 exposure and breast cancer risk. Estradiol was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer (OR per one standard deviation (SD) increase = 1.22, CI: 0.05–1.42), while thyroid-stimulating hormone was inversely related to breast cancer risk (OR per 1SD increase = 0.87, CI: 0.75-1.00). A non-statistically significant mediated effect of the association between the three pollutants and breast cancer risk, through albumin, high-density lipoproteins cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, parathormone, and estradiol was suggested.Conclusion Although limited by a lack of statistical power, this study provides relevant insights into the potential mediating role of certain biomarkers in the association between air pollutant exposure and breast cancer risk, highlighting the need for further in-depth studies in large populations.
Leveraging Social Media for Academic Success in Nursing Education
Authors: Erden Yasemin , Kahraman Handan Aydın , Çiftçi Bahar
Published: October 2024

Aim: This study evaluated the impact of social media-supported learning on nursing students' academic achievement and social media use.
Method: Parenteral drug administration was taught interactively for 12 hours. Skills were demonstrated in a 24-hour lab session. An Instagram page provided educational videos and images for four weeks, with daily Q&A in the story section. Post-training, students completed evaluation forms.
Results: The intervention group showed a significant improvement in post-test scores compared to the control group (p<0.001). Exam scores post-training were significantly higher than pre-training (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Social media-supported learning positively affects academic achievement and engagement in nursing education.
Study on the preparation of calcium modified coal gangue and its adsorption performance of phosphate
Authors: Dong Yanrong , Gao Ziqing , Zhai Hongyu , Gong Guohao , Li Fengjuan
Published: October 2024

Excessive phosphate in water leads to eutrophication, and to address this, a new calcium-modified coal gangue (CaMCG) was developed using coal gangue and calcium chloride for phosphate removal. The optimum preparation conditions of CaMCG were obtained by response surface test: mcalcium chloride:mcoal gangue=1, calcination temperature 735℃, calcination time 135 min. Batch adsorption experiments showed that when the phosphate concentration was 100 mg/L, the optimal CaMCG dosage was 0.5 g and the optimal reaction time was 48 h. At pH 3-7, the adsorption capacity of CaMCG for phosphate was always good. The order of the strength of coexisting anions affecting the adsorption of phosphate by CaMCG was: CO32- > SO42- > HCO3- > NO3- ≈ Cl-. Kinetic isotherm analysis showed that the adsorption of phosphate by CaMCG had both physical adsorption and chemical adsorption. The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity of CaMCG for phosphate was 17.85 mg/g. The adsorption process of CaMCG on phosphate conformed to the Langmuir model. The main mechanisms of CaMCG adsorbing phosphate are surface precipitation, adsorption exchange and complexation. This study shows that CaMCG has great potential in adsorbing phosphate, which can provide technical reference for the efficient utilization of coal gangue and the treatment of phosphate wastewater.
Vitamin A in total mixed ration silage influenced by various lactic acid bacteria: Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus casei and Enterococcus faecium
Authors: Cheng Yumeng , Wu Zidie , Bi Kaijian , Wang Xiqing , Yu Haizhong , Tian Pengjiao J.
Published: October 2024

This paper focuses on the impact of various strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on vitamin A content in total mixed ration (TMR) silage. TMRs were respectively inoculated with Lactobacillus plantarum (LP), Lactobacillus casei (LC), and Enterococcus faecium (EF) and then ensiled for 56 days in the dark and anaerobic conditions. During ensiling, the fermentation quality, chemical composition, and microbial composition of TMR silage were analyzed, as well as the vitamin A. In addition, the free radical scavenging ability, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, GSH-Px, CAT) of the three LAB strains were investigated. After 56 days of ensiling, the activities of T-AOC, SOD, GSH Px and CAT of TMR silage were also analysed. The results showed that LAB had significant effects on the fermentation quality and vitamin A of TMR silage (p<0.05). LP and LC could enhance the fermentation quality of TMR. Vitamin A loss rates in decreasing order were LC, CK, EF and LP groups. LAB endowed with elevated antioxidant properties are capable of augmenting the antioxidant capacity of total mixed ration (TMR) silage, thereby mitigating the degradation of vitamin A.
Assessment of Conservation Agricultural Practices on Soil Nutrient’s Stratification Ratio, Carbon Sequestration Rate, Management Indices and Crop Productivity in Southern Telangana India
Authors: Nthebere Knight , Tata Ram Prakash , Gudapati Jayasree , Bhimireddy Padmaja , Admala Meena , Chandran Latha P. , Yadav Manikyala Bhargava Narasimha
Published: October 2024

The impending crisis for food production is the biggest threat to sustenance of soil resources due to industrial farming practices adopted by multitudes of farmers on all parts of the world inclusive of the Southern Telangana Zone (STZ) in India. This can extensively degrade the soil if not substituted by soil resource-saving agricultural systems. This present experiment is implemented to assess the impact of contrasting tillage practices and weed control tactics on soil quality parameters (SQPs) and monitor the grain yield of maize after three-years in CA with a cotton-maize-Sesbania rostrata cropping system. Three tillage practices (main-plots); T1: CT(C)-CT(M)-fallow (NSr), T2: CT(C)-ZT(M)-ZT(Sr) and T3:ZT(C) + SrR-ZT(M) + CR-ZT(Sr) + MS and weed control tactics (sub-plots) involved; W1-chemical weed control, W2-Herbicide rotation, W3- Integrated weed management (IWM) and W4- single hand-weeded control in split-plot design. Sampling of the soil in the 0 − 15 and 15–30 cm, subsequent to harvesting of maize, was analyzed for pH, EC, soil macronutrient’s availability, soil organic carbon (SOC), and computed for stratification ratio (SR), C-sequestration rate (CSR), carbon management indices (CMI) and carbon retention efficiency (CRE) duly following the standard procedures. The salient findings indicated that 9.1%, 15.3% of SOC, 10.2%, 15.1% of available soil N, 12.2%, 19.6% of available soil P in the 0–15 cm and SR of 1.20 for SOC, 2.0–6.5% of active carbon (CACT) pool in the 0 − 30 cm was higher under T3 relative to T2, T1, respectively. Similarly, 36.0%, 58.1% of cumulative CSR, 29.4%, 58.8% of CRE in the 0 − 30 cm, and 17.0%, 30.3% of CMI in the 15–30 cm was higher T3 compared to T2, T1, respectively. The CPSV was the dominant contributor of SOC to total SOC over CACT in the 0–30 cm soil layer. The 49.0% and 52.0% of CACT pool were observed to be higher under T3 and single hand-weeded control, respectively. The T3 had higher Kernel yield (KY) of 8.4%, 11.6% in comparison with T2, T1, respectively. KY was also 23.4–43.1% greater under W1, W2, W3 over W4. The ZT with crop residue retention (T3), and IWM alternative to chemical weed control/ herbicide can be a viable solution to slow-down the soil degradation process and contribute towards enhanced crop productivity in cotton-maize-Sesbania rostrata cropping system in this zone.
Inequality and Gambling
Authors: Ferri Giovanni , Lagravinese Raffaele , Resce Giuliano
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the causal link between inequality and gambling on a distinct dataset that encompasses administrative records of gambling turnover by game type in Italian municipalities. Employing shift–share instruments, we find a substantial impact of inequality on gambling turnover. Moreover, we show that such impact is additional and larger than the impact of poverty and is biggest in less well-off Southern municipalities, especially concerning turnover generated from games closely associated with gambling-related issues. Given the documented regressive nature of gambling taxation, our results substantiate the concept of a hysteresis loop between inequality and gambling.This study investigates the causal link between inequality and gambling on a distinct dataset that encompasses administrative records of gambling turnover by game type in Italian municipalities. Employing shift–share instruments, we find a substantial impact of inequality on gambling turnover. Moreover, we show that such impact is additional and larger than the impact of poverty and is biggest in less well-off Southern municipalities, especially concerning turnover generated from games closely associated with gambling-related issues. Given the documented regressive nature of gambling taxation, our results substantiate the concept of a hysteresis loop between inequality and gambling.
JEL codes: I12; I14
Immunization with an adeno-associated viral vectored allergy vaccine containing Der p1-Der p2 effectively alleviates an asthmatic phenotype in mice
Authors: Chu Jiangzhou , Yin xiaolin , Xiong Anying , luo Yaoyao , Xin Jingxiu , Qin Shugang , He Zhongshan , Liu Shengbin
Published: October 2024

Given the rising incidence of allergic asthma, current symptomatic treatments primarily offer relief rather than halt disease progression. Recombinant allergens, designed with reduced immunoglobulin E (IgE) reactivity and the ability to regulate excessive T helper type 2 (Th2) responses, are emerging as promising candidates for more precise, effective, and safer specific immunotherapy (SIT). SIT remains the only clinical approach capable of potentially curing certain allergic diseases by inducing immunological tolerance. In this study, we explored the protective effects of AAV-Dp12S, an adeno-associated viral vector carrying two house dust mite antigens, Der p1 and Der p2, against allergic asthma. Using a murine model of HDM, immunization with this combination vaccine significantly attenuated the HDM-induced asthmatic phenotype. Invasive lung function assessments revealed improvements following AAV-Dp12S treatment, correlating with marked reductions in goblet cell hyperplasia and pulmonary eosinophilia. Moreover, total serum IgE, HDM-specific IgE (sIgE) titers, and pulmonary inducible nitric oxide synthase levels were effectively reduced. The cytokine profiles in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were modulated, as indicated by decreased levels of type 2 cytokines—interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13—and increased levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and IL-10. Additionally, sIgE titers and production were significantly lowered. Overall, these findings demonstrate the potential of AAV-Dp12S as a therapeutic strategy for both tolerance induction and vaccination in the treatment of allergic asthma.
Contrastive Representation Learning withTransformers for Robust Auditory EEG Decoding
Authors: Bollens Lies , Accou Bernd , hamme Hugo Van , Francart Tom
Published: October 2024

Decoding of continuous speech from electroencephalography (EEG) presents a promising avenue for understanding neuralmechanisms of auditory processing and developing applications in hearing diagnostics. Recent advances in deep learning haveimproved decoding accuracy, but challenges remain due to the low speech-to-noise ratio of the recorded brain signals. Thisstudy explores the application of contrastive learning, a self-supervised learning technique, to learn robust latent representationsof EEG signals. We introduce a novel model architecture that leverages contrastive learning and transformer networks tocapture relationships between auditory stimuli and EEG responses. Our model is evaluated on two tasks from the ICASSP2023 Auditory EEG Decoding Challenge: match-mismatch classification and stimulus envelope regression. We achievestate-of-the-art performance on both tasks, significantly outperforming previous winners with 87% accuracy in match-mismatchclassification and a 0.176 Pearson correlation in envelope regression. Furthermore, we investigate the impact of modelarchitecture, training set size, and finetuning on decoding performance, providing insights into the factors influencing modelgeneralizability and accuracy. Our findings underscore the potential of contrastive learning for advancing the field of auditoryEEG decoding and its potential applications in clinical settings.
Pangenome analysis uncovers large hidden structural variants underlying fruit color and bacterial wilt resistance in eggplant
Authors: You Qian , Peng Ze , Li Zhiliang , Jiang Yaolan , Wan  Penglong , Zhao Yahui , Zhao Wei , Zhang Songyuan , Cheng Hefen , Chen Chengjie , Heng Zhou , Hu Ming , Zhou Yongfeng , Gaut Brandon , Sun Baojuan , Li Tao , Liao Yi
Published: October 2024

Large structural variants (SVs) underlying important agronomic traits remain largely unexplored in Solanaceae crops. Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is a globally important horticultural crop worldwide, belonging to the Solanaceae family. Here, we first present population genomic analyses of a diversity panel of 201 eggplant accessions, largely representing genetic diversity from one of the main eggplant domestication centers, Southeast Asia. We revealed that genetic relationships are highly correlated with geographic origin. We then de novo generated the chromosome-scale genomes of nine representative accessions, plus five previously published assemblies, to construct a graph-based pangenome. With the aid of this resource in association scans, we identified a 12.4 Mb inversion at a high frequency (53.7%) within the population, which is associated with fruit color, likely the result of artificial selection favoring purple peel. We also discovered multiple mutations linked to bacterial wilt resistance, including a premature stop codon in SmCYP82D47 and copy number variations of SmEPS1 and SmRoq1 homologs. This study provides insights into the evolution and biology of large SVs in Solanaceae crops, as well as provides fundamental genomic resources accessible to genetic analyses and breeding in eggplant.
Unveiling Novel Regulatory Mechanisms of BEX1 in Breast, Gastric, and Colorectal Cancer via a Systems Biology Approach: The Roles of lncRNAs COLCA1 and GAS6-AS1 and Their Interactions
Authors: Rezaei Mohammadreza , Salehipour Parnian , Tavakoli Mehrnoosh , Mousavi Maryam , Asgari Shima , Vatani Dorsan , Hosseinipouya Seyedeh Saba , Poudineh Younes , Rezaei Mohammad , Shirdeli Seyedeh Zahra , Ghelich Reza , Azadeh Mansoureh
Published: October 2024

Background: This study aimed to explore novel regulatory networks involving the BEX1 gene and its interaction with non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in breast cancer (BC), gastric cancer (GC), and colorectal cancer (CRC). BEX1 has been linked to tumor suppression, but its role in signaling pathways and its interactions with regulatory RNAs in these cancers has not been fully elucidated.
Methods: High-throughput microarray datasets (GSE10810, GSE54129, and GSE208099) were analyzed to investigate BEX1 expression in breast cancer, gastric cancer, and colorectal cancer. The expression analysis and survival outcomes for BEX1 and selected lncRNAs were validated using the ENCORI platform. Regulatory interactions of BEX1 with proteins and microRNAs were identified using STRING and miRWalk, respectively, while lncRNA interactions were examined through lncRRIsearch. Final validation of differential expression analysis and biomarker potential was conducted using qRT-PCR, along with ROC analysis to assess diagnostic capability.
Results: BEX1, identified as a tumor suppressor with low expression in breast, gastric, and colorectal cancer, demonstrated potential as a diagnostic biomarker, particularly in breast cancer (AUC: 0.8025, p = 0.0011). The lncRNAs COLCA1 and GAS6-AS1 were found to potentially regulate BEX1 expression. BEX1 exhibited significant interactions with two key proteins involved in cancer-related signaling pathways: CALML3 and LMO2. Moreover, BEX1 and these proteins demonstrated competitive interactions with miR-3616-3p, which was found to suppress BEX1 expression by targeting its 3'UTR. COLCA1 and GAS6-AS1 also exhibited dysregulated expression across breast, gastric, and colorectal cancers, suggesting their potential as diagnostic biomarkers.
Conclusion: The lncRNAs GAS6-AS1 and COLCA1, alongside miR-3616-3p, may play pivotal roles in regulating cancer-related pathways, including gastric acid secretion, insulin signaling, and homeostasis. These regulatory processes occur through direct and indirect interactions between the non-coding RNAs and BEX1, further highlighting the potential of these molecules as therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers.
Exploring Waist-to-Hip Ratio and Health Risks: Insights from NFHS-5 on Trends, Patterns, and Predictors among the Indian Population
Authors: Gwalani Richa , Yadav Aarti , Shah Ragini , Pandya Apurva Kumar , Wadhwa Medha
Published: October 2024

Introduction: With a rising trend in obesity rates, particularly among young adults, understanding factors contributing to abdominal obesity is crucial for public health interventions. The study explores the significance of the Waist-to-Hip Ratio [WHR], focusing on the regional trends of abdominal obesity and associated factors.
Methods: The study made use of information from the National Family Health Survey 5, an extensive household survey which was conducted out in all of India's states and union territories.Socio-demographic variables such as age, gender, residence type, wealth index, and lifestyle factors were considered as independent variables. Descriptive statistics were used in statistical analysis along with chi-square tests, and logistic regression to identify predictors of increased WHR.
Results: Abdominal obesity, as indicated by WHR, was prevalent in 57.6% of the population, with 51.2% of males and 58.4% of females exhibiting high WHR values. Regional trends showed higher prevalence in the northern region of India. Significant correlations between WHR and variables such age, wealth index, type of dwelling, alcohol intake, and comorbid conditions were found by bivariate and regression analysis.Age and BMI were linked to increase WHR, and those with elevated blood pressure had a 1.24 times higher risk of increased WHR in contrast to people who have ideal Blood pressure.
Conclusion: The study emphasizes how critical it is to implement focused interventions in order to reduce India's rate of abdominal obesity. By comprehending the intricate relationship between lifestyle and socio demographic factors that impact WHR, public health initiatives can be customized to reduce the health hazards linked to central adiposity.
Issues of mathematical interpretation of the information security audit process using Petri nets
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University (NSTU), Ognev Igor A.
Published: October 2024

This article presents the way to compose a mathematical model of the information security audit process. The model is based on the use of temporary Petri nets to describe the states of the information security audit process and the changes in the states of the audit process. The changes in the state of the information security audit process are described, that consist in identifying audit evidence, analyzing audit evidence and identifying violations in the implementation of information security measures, analyzing violations in the implementation of information security measures and developing comments that should be formed as the main result of the information security audit process. The reference indicators of the Petri net on the composition of components and connections between them have been developed to assess the completeness and correctness of the structure of real information security audit processes. The mathematical model obtained when assessing the efficiency of the information security audit process is primarily designed to answer the question of the sufficiency of audit components in the organization under study. In addition, the obtained mathematical model of the information security audit process represents the basis for simulation modeling of the audit process in order to assess the probability of achieving audit goals for a given period of audit time and a certain set of detected audit evidence.
Methods for storing AND/OR tree structures and their variants in RAM and ROM
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Shablya Yuriy V , Tokareva Alina V ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR)
Published: October 2024

Tree structures are widely used to represent information objects containing hierarchical relations between their parts. An example of such tree structures are AND/OR trees, that have found their application in the development of combinatorial generation algorithms and related tasks. This paper explores possible ways to store tree structures in the random access memory (RAM) and read only memory (ROM) of devices that process these structures. The adaptation of these methods to the problem of storing AND/OR tree structures and their variants is also considered. In addition, to organize operational work with stored variants of the AND/OR tree, the authors propose the bijective mapping of an AND/OR tree structure to a relational database schema.
Influence of soft skills on career development: Exploring performance appraisal as a mediating mechanism
Authors: Rodrigues Rosa , Dias Andreia
Published: October 2024

Performance appraisal plays a crucial mediating role in the complex interaction between soft skills and career development. This practice provides a comprehensive view of workers’ competencies and directly influences their professional trajectories. This investigation checked the significance of these competencies in career development, employing performance appraisal as a mediating mechanism. The sample comprised 262 employees in Portugal. Data were collected from a convenience sample using the snowball sampling method, in which participants were asked to invite their contacts to participate in the study. The questionnaire included the short skills inventory, the career growth scale, and the performance management scale. The more developed the soft skills, the greater the tendency for employees to progress in their careers. Performance appraisal has a significant influence on employees’ career trajectories, as the possibility of career advancement largely depends on their performance. The data further revealed that by mediating the relationship between soft skills and career progression, performance appraisal helps guide and support the organization’s strategic decisions. However, when the mediating variable is introduced into the model, the influence of soft skills on career development is no longer significant, indicating a full mediation effect. The results suggest that 26.8% of the possibility of progressing in the career is explained by the performance appraisal results. These results act as a critical link between soft skills and career development. Soft skills exert a significant influence on career development, and performance appraisal emerges as a valuable means to recognize and promote these competencies.
TREINAMENTO DE FORÇA NA RECUPERAÇÃO DO SISTEMA CARDIOVASCULAR PÓS-COVID
Authors: Eduarda Karolina de Oliveira Santos  , Alves de Oliveira Caroline Lacerda , Érica Prata de Oliveira  , Reginaldo Adriano de Souza
Published: October 2024

Este artigo científico busca apresentar um panorama do impacto do exercício físico na saúde cardiovascular de indivíduos acometidos por doenças virais, neste caso a COVID 19. A pesquisa realizada,por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica, permitiu analisar e concluir que o exercício físico regular e supervisionado traz benefícios significativos para a saúde cardiovascular. Observou-se uma melhora no condicionamento físico e na resistência muscular, bem como uma redução nos níveis de pressão arterial e frequência cardíaca de repouso. Além disso, verificou-se que o exercício físico promoveu uma significativa redução no risco de doenças cardiovasculares, como hipertensão arterial e acidente vascular cerebral, como também a relação com o bem-estar físico e emocional, melhorando, de forma geral, a qualidade de vida. Esses resultados enfatizam a importância do exercício físico regular na prevenção e tratamento de doenças cardiovasculares, fornecendo evidências substanciais para desenvolver estratégias de promoção da saúde baseadas no exercício. Em suma, este estudo destaca os efeitos positivos do exercício físico na saúde cardiovascular, enfatizando a necessidade de sua incorporação como parte fundamental de uma rotina de cuidados com a saúde. Esta pesquisa fornece subsídios importantes para profissionais de saúde, contribuindo para uma melhor compreensão dos benefícios proporcionados pela atividade física regular.
2-D Microstructure Modeling based on Micrographs of Laser Powder Bed Fusion Melted Specimens
Authors: Kaya Ali Can
Published: October 2024

2D microstructural modeling based on the optical micrographs was successfully carried out. Creating a realistic microstructural model containing microstructural features such as fusion boundaries and phases makes it possible to analyze the relationship between the microstructure and property. We implemented this method to the 316 stainless steel (SS) laser powder bed fusion melted specimens. The optical micrographs were meshed and imported into finite element (FE) software. According to the results, the orientation of the fusion boundaries significantly influenced the mechanical properties of the printed parts. Stress localization was significant when the fusion boundaries were parallel to the loading direction. The situation differed when the fusion boundaries were perpendicular to the loading direction. In this case, the large amount and size of fusion boundaries showed significant ductility with homogenously distributed straining.
Performance Modeling of the Fenton Process Used as a Single Unit for Treating Raw Textile Effluent
Authors: Türkeş Selman , Güney Hakan , Sarı Bülent , Keskinkan Olcayto
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the direct application of the Fenton Oxidation Process (FOP) to untreated textile wastewater, specifically from a woven fabric production facility. Under optimized conditions (pH 3, 0.7 g/L Fe+2, 2 mM H2O2), the process achieved significant removal efficiencies: 81% Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), 80% Suspended Solids (SS), and 93% color removal. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and NARX-ANN were utilized in Matlab R2020a to model FOP performance, employing Levenberg-Marquardt (trainlm) and Scaled Conjugate Gradient (trainscg) algorithms. With a 9-20-3 network topology, the ANN model demonstrated superior predictive capability, achieving an R2 of 0.9843.
Adana Seyhan Barajının Yıkılma ve 2 Boyutlu Taşkın Yayılımının HEC-RAS ile Modellenmesi
Authors: Ardıçlıoğlu Mehmet
Published: October 2024

Bu çalışmada Seyhan barajının olası deprem nedeniyle yıkılması durumunda meydana gelecek taşkının mansapta Adana kent merkezi ve çevresine etkisi incelenmiştir. Baraj göçme analizinde HEC-RAS 6.4 paket programı kullanılarak borulanmaya bağlı gövdede oluşacak gediklenme ve buna bağlı iki boyutlu taşkın yayılımı ele alınmıştır. İki farklı senaryo için gediklenme parametreleri belirlenmiş ve taşkın yayılım süreleri ve tehlike derecelendirmesi DEFRA ya göre yapılmıştır. Q0 ve Q100 debilerinde göçmeye bağlı oluşan taşkınların Adana kent merkezine 6 saat sürede ulaşacağı ve özellikle Seyhan nehri yakınlarında su derinliğinin 15m ye kadar yükselebileceği belirlenmiştir. Birinci senaryoya göre (Q0) baraj gövdesinin göçmesi durumunda toplamda 1042,61 km2 alan sular altında kalmakta, bu alanların %35,4’i, çok yüksek tehlikeli bölge olarak belirlenmiştir. Q100 debisi ile birlikte barajda maksimum seviyede su bulunması halinde göçme gerçekleşir ise 1331,81 km2 alan sular altında kalmakta, bu alanların %40,1’i, çok yüksek tehlikeli bölge olarak hesaplanmıştır.
Çavuşlu (Malatya) Granitlerinin Demiryolu Balastı Olarak Kullanılabilirliğinin Araştırılması
Authors: Kahraman Esma , Özdemir Ali Can
Published: October 2024

Granitler fiziko-mekanik, kimyasal ve mineralojik yapısından dolayı demiryollarında balast malzemesi olarak yaygın bir şekilde kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Malatya İli Doğanşehir bölgesinde bulunan granitlerin demiryolu balastı olarak kullanımı değerlendirilmiştir. Kayaç numunelerinin Balast Teknik Şartnamesinde belirtilen temel özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, granit numunesinin mineralojik özellikleri ve kimyasal içerikleri incelenmiştir. Deney numunesinin; Los Angeles parçalanma direnci %13,20; Mikro-Deval aşınma direnci %10,36; Su emme oranı %0,105; Tane yoğunluğu 2,681 g/cm3; MgSO4 dona dayanım %0,98; Tek eksenli basınç dayanımı 104,68 MPa; Nokta yük dayanımı 6,89 MPa olarak elde edilmiştir. Deney sonuçları Malatya İli Doğanşehir bölgesinde bulunan granitlerin konvansiyonel, hızlı tren ve yüksek hızlı tren hatlarında balast malzemesi olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir. Bu granit, proje etüdü devam eden Malatya-Elazığ-Diyarbakır hızlı tren hattında ve mevcut durumdaki demiryolu balast yenilemelerinde kullanılabilecek alternatif bir malzeme olacaktır.
Do Control Rights and Family Ownership Affect Capital Structure?
Authors: Bedi Ibrahim , Utama Cynthia Afriani
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the existence of a dynamic capital structure, the speed of adjustment towards the optimal capital structure, and the influence of control rights and family ownership on the capital structure of Indonesian listed manufacturing firms. Utilizing the difference Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimator and the partial adjustment model on a sample of 60 Indonesian firms from 2014 to 2022, this research provides new insights specific to the Indonesian market. The results confirm the existence of dynamic capital structure and indicate that it takes approximately 1.92 years for manufacturing firms in Indonesia to achieve their target leverage. The results of this study are also consistent with the pecking order theory and the market timing theory. Notably, Controlling Shareholder’s Interest is found to have a positive relationship with leverage. The presence of Family Ownership, however, weakens the relationship between Controlling Shareholders’ Interest and Leverage.
“The Word about the Birth of Metals from the Shaking of the Earth” by Mikhail V. Lomonosov as an Example of Mining and Geological Discourse
Authors:   St. Petersburg Mining University, Sinilnikova Elena S.
Published: October 2024

The objective of the article is to analyze the treatise “The Word about the Birth of Metals from the Shaking of the Earth” by Mikhail V. Lomonosov. The treatise is considered as an example of mining and geological discourse. It is characterized the concept of “discourse” and it is formulated a working definition of mining and geological discourse. The author describes the historical context that had place in the process of writing the treatise at the beginning of the article. It is explained what was the reason for making the speech and what goals the scientist set for himself. Lomonosov’s geological views and assessment of their importance for the development of science are given as well. The scientist classifies and describes the types of earthquakes, which, according to Lomonosov, bring people not only harm, but also benefits, like appearance of minerals in rocks. Further, it is provided examples of the most frequent terms in mining and geology (“ore”, “lode”, “matter”). Author developed a table with a list of terms, used by Lomonosov, with the indication of the number of their uses. Next article is devoted to the linguo-rhetorical analysis of the features of such genre as the Word. The author gives a brief definition of this genre and distinguishes its three varieties, namely Commendable Word, Thankful Word, and Academic Speech. The latter corresponds to “The Word about the Birth of Metals from the Shaking of the Earth”. Unlike Commendable and Thankful Words, there is not only praise to a ruler in Academic Speech, but also scientific questions are raised. The author describes the specific of the composition “The Word about the Birth of Metals from the Shaking of the Earth” and analyzes examples of the most frequent rhetorical devices.
The Novel “The Aviator” by Evgeny G. Vodolazkin as an Example of Petersburg Text
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”, Strelnikova Nataliia D.
Published: October 2024

The author argues that Evgeny Vodolazkin’s multi-layered and multifaceted novel “The Aviator” can be interpreted in different ways. The article is devoted to the interpretation of the 21st century novel as a classic example of a continuous Petersburg Text, in which everything is significant, starting from the epigraph and dedication. The meaning and symbolism of the name of the main character Innokenty (Innocent), the pattern of the patronymic Petrovich, the meaning of his surname Platonov, are explained. The semantics of proper names plays a significant role: Anastasia, Zaretsky, Geiger, Anna. The text of the novel is thoroughly permeated with literary reminiscences and associations. Various techniques used by the author refer to the experiments of the Silver Age, self-citation in the works of Fyodor Sologub, and games with the reader in the novels of Vladimir Nabokov. “The Aviator” is compared with St. Petersburg novels “Crime and Punishment” and “The Idiot” by Fyodor Dostoevsky; other stories and novels of this writer are also involved in the analysis. Particular attention is paid to the theme of resurrection, justice, repentance, the problem of moral choice, guilt and innocence. There is a connection with the works of Aleksandre Pushkin. Various kinds of allusions are analyzed from “Belkin’s Tales” and the novel in verse “Eugene Onegin” to individual poems. The symbolic meaning and metaphorical nature of the title is revealed in its interaction with the composition of the novel, epigraph, dedication, and images of the main characters. The influence of ancient Russian literature is noted. Among the intertextual echoes, an important place belongs to biblical stories, mythological parallels, and the influence of works of world literature. Explicit and implicit quotes are used by the author in his thoughts about the meaning and uniqueness of human life, about inner freedom and suffering, about fate and the inevitability of death, about mercy, Christian love and forgiveness.
Insight into Protein Engineering: From In silico Modelling to In vitro Synthesis
Authors: Balakrishnan Anagha , Mishra Saurav K. , Georrge John J.
Published: October 2024

Protein engineering alters the polypeptide chain to obtain a novel protein with improved functional
properties. This field constantly evolves with advanced in silico tools and techniques to design novel proteins
and peptides. Rational incorporating mutations, unnatural amino acids, and post-translational modifications
increases the applications of engineered proteins and peptides. It aids in developing drugs with maximum efficacy
and minimum side effects. Currently, the engineering of peptides is gaining attention due to their high
stability, binding specificity, less immunogenic, and reduced toxicity properties. Engineered peptides are potent
candidates for drug development due to their high specificity and low cost of production compared with
other biologics, including proteins and antibodies. Therefore, understanding the current perception of designing
and engineering peptides with the help of currently available in silico tools is crucial. This review extensively
studies various in silico tools available for protein engineering in the prospect of designing peptides as
therapeutics, followed by in vitro aspects. Moreover, a discussion on the chemical synthesis and purification
of peptides, a case study, and challenges are also incorporated.
Identification of Disulfidptosis-Related LncRNA Subtypes, Establishment of a Prognostic Signature, and Characterization of Immune Infiltration in
Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Lin Jie , Liu Linying , Cai Xintong , Li Anyang , Fu Yixin , Huang Huaqing , Sun Yang
Published: October 2024

Background:

Ovarian Cancer (OC) is a lethal malignant tumor with a poor prognosis.
Disulfidptosis is a newly identified form of cell death caused by disulfide stress. Targeting disulfidptosis
is a new metabolic therapeutic strategy in cancer treatment. We aimed to establish a disulfidptosis-
related lncRNA signature for prognosis prediction and explore its treatment values
in OC patients.

Method:

Data from the TCGA and GTEx databases and a disulfidptosis gene set were used to
establish a disulfidptosis-related lncRNA signature for prognosis prediction in OC patients.
Then, we internally and externally (PCR) validated our model. We also built a nomogram to improve
our model's predictive power. Afterward, GSEA was employed to explore our model's potential
functions. The ESTIMATE, CIBERSORT, TIMER, and ssGSEA were applied to estimate
the immune landscape. Finally, the drug sensitivity of certain drugs for OC patients was
analyzed.

Results:

We built a prognosis model based on seven drlncRNAs, including AL157871.2, HCP5,
AC027348.1, AL109615.3, AL928654.1, LINC02585, and AC011445.1. Our model performed
well by internal validation. PCR data also confirmed the same trend in the lncRNA levels. Furthermore,
the nomogram-integrated age, grade, stage, and risk score could accurately predict the
survival outcomes of OC patients. Subsequently, GSEA unveiled that our model genes enriched
the Hedgehog signaling pathway, a key regulator in OC tumorigenesis. Our predictive signature
was associated with immune checkpoints, such as PD-1(P < 0.01), PD-L1(P < 0.001), and
CTLA4 (P < 0.01), which might help screen out OC patients who are sensitive to immunotherapy.
Small molecule drugs, such as AZD-2281, GDC-0449, imatinib, and nilotinib, might benefit
OC patients with different risk scores.

Conclusion:

Our disulfidptosis-related lncRNA signature comprised of AL157871.2, HCP5,
AC027348.1, AL109615.3, AL928654.1, LINC02585, and AC011445.1 could serve as a prognostic
biomarker and guidance to therapy response for OC patients.
Bcr-Abl Inhibitory Activities of Imatinib Derivatives
Authors: Hou Bao-Long , Yan Jiaxu , Liu Rongrong , Lv Longquan , Feng Ruirui , Yang Xiumei , Guo Guanlin , Wang Cuiling
Published: October 2024

Background:

Imatinib, a frontline targeted-therapeutic agent for patients with chronic
myelogenous leukemia (CML), was a synthetic tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved by the US Food
and Drug Administration.

Objective:

To expand the structural diversity of Bcr-Abl inhibitors, we synthesized nine novel
imatinib analogues (1a-1i) and evaluated their cytostatic effects against human cancer cell lines in
vitro.

Methods:

Imatinib and its analogues were successfully synthesized by an improved method in six
main steps. Inhibitory activities of all compounds were evaluated on K562, HL-60, MCF-7, A549
and PBMC in vitro. Then, the effect of the most active compound was studied using flow cytometer,
real-time qPCR and western blot experiments to determine its mechanism action. Finally, the molecular
docking of the most active compound were determined.

Results:

The IC50 of one imatinib analogue (compound 1h) for K562 and HL-60 was lower than
imatinib itself. Further studies indicate that the pro-apoptotic effect of compound 1h on K562 cells
was stronger than imatinib over a range of concentrations. Importantly, the real-time qPCR and
western blot experiments showed that compound 1h was superior to imatinib in inhibiting Bcr-Abl
expression. The structure-activity relationship was analyzed by determining the inhibitory rate of
each imatinib analogue. Introducing benzene (A ring) and piperidine (E ring) rings instead of pyridine
(A ring) and piperazine (E ring) in imatinib significantly enhanced the potency of imatinib
against K562 and HL-60 cell lines, which is consistent with the docking results.

Conclusion:

Imatinib analogue 1h showed a better inhibitory effect on leukemia cell lines than other
cell lines, which was consistent with the imatinib-like structure, moreover, had little effect on
PBMC. Overall, we conclude that compound 1h has the potential to treat chronic myeloid leukemia.
Nutritional Traits of Fatty Acid Composition of Common Carp Fed with Oil Sources
Authors: Delavariyan Raziyeh , Aberoumand Ali , Ziaei-nejad Saeed , Javaheri-baboli Mehran
Published: October 2024

Background:

Cyprinus carpio, as a commercial fish in Iran, has an important effect on
human health and nutrition.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of oil sources in the diet on the nutritional
value and fatty acid composition of C. carpio fish.

Methods:

Soybean oil (SO), palm oil (PO), fish oil (FO), and oil (soybean and palm) (SPO) contained
in the carp diet were fed.

Results:

The quality of fatty acids in the fish fillet from SO and PO was significantly better than
the FO diet. Total SFA (saturated fatty acids) in carp fillet fat fed with PO was significantly higher
than others (p<0.05). In carp fillets fed with experimental diets, there was a significant difference
between monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, high unsaturated fatty
acids, and n-3/n-6 fatty acids (p>0.05). The highest amounts of alpha-linolenic acid, linoleic acid,
and oleic acid were observed in fish fillets with FO and SO, respectively. Although the percentage
of eicosapentaenoic acid in fillets fed with FO and SPO diets was higher than in other treatments,
no significant difference in docosahexaenoic acid concentration was observed between all treatments
(p<0.05).

Conclusion:

The present study showed that oil sources (SO, PO, SPO) fed by C. carpio for 56
days are suitable in terms of productivity and efficiency.
Nanoencapsulation as an Ally of the Bioactive Compound Carvacrol: A Review of 10 Years of Advances
Authors: Romero-Castelán Ehira , Rodríguez-Hernández Adriana-Inés , Santos-López Eva-María , Cariño-Cortés Raquel , López-Ortega Mayra-Alejandra , Chavarría-Hernández Norberto , López-Cuellar Ma del Rocio
Published: October 2024

Foodborne diseases (FBDs) are a major global public health problem, causing
millions of deaths annually and substantial economic losses. Antimicrobial treatment is
increasingly challenged by bacterial resistance. Essential oils from herbs and spices, such as
carvacrol from thyme and oregano, offer potential solutions due to their broad-spectrum
antimicrobial properties. However, its stability and its controlled release are affected by media
and environmental conditions. Nanoencapsulation presents a promising alternative to address
these challenges. This review analyzes 44 original papers and 21 patents concerning the recent
advancements in the nanoencapsulation of carvacrol over the past decade, focusing on natural
matrices and their applications in food, packaging, and human health fields. Various
encapsulation techniques and matrices have been explored, demonstrating that
nanoencapsulation can maintain the stability and antimicrobial efficacy of carvacrol. Moreover,
nanoencapsulated carvacrol shows promising applications in inhibiting biofilm formation and
quorum sensing, as well as exhibiting anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects. Patents related
to nanoencapsulated carvacrol highlight its potential for intelligent packaging and healthcare.
Nanoencapsulated carvacrol is a promising alternative to synthetic antimicrobials and as an
adjuvant in inflammatory disease treatments and cancer, offering enhanced efficacy and
versatility in applications.
Direct Power Control of BDFRG Based on Novel Integral Sliding Mode Control
Authors: Yang Xiaoliang , Qin Yixuan , Zhan Jihao , Li Yihao , Hao Suya , Fu Zhiang
Published: October 2024

Introduction:

To address issues such as strong coupling and weak anti-interference
capability in Brushless Doubly-Fed Reluctance Generators, this paper proposes a direct power
control strategy using a novel integral sliding mode.

Method:

Firstly, by studying the relationship between the voltage on the stator control winding
side and the active and reactive power on the power winding side, a direct power control model is
derived, achieving decoupling control of active and reactive power.

Results:

Then, to solve the chattering problem, this paper proposes a novel integral sliding mode
controller with a smoother function, improving the system's approach speed in the reaching phase
and its precision in the sliding phase.

Conclusion:

Finally, through simulations and hardware-in-the-loop experiments, a comparison
with traditional sliding mode control verifies the correctness of the derived model and the effectiveness
of the proposed control strategy.
Nonopioid Drugs for Postoperative Pain: A Selection Governed by Choices of the Authors of Academic Articles
Authors: Kissin Igor , Vlassakov Kamen V.
Published: October 2024

The opioid crisis has profoundly changed the interest in using nonopioid analgesics. This
review identified nonopioid drugs receiving the most interest in the treatment of postoperative pain.
Publication-based interest, which reflects the authors’ choices of subjects for academic articles, was
used to show the shifts in their interest. The authors’ choices of a particular drug for an article’s
subject were regarded as reflective of the collective opinion of experts most knowledgeable on the
subject. The frequency with which a drug was the topic of an article was measured with the use of
specific bibliometric indices. They were employed to select nonopioid drugs for this review. These
included acetaminophen, dexmedetomidine, dexamethasone, ketamine, gabapentin, ibuprofen, ketorolac,
diclofenac, magnesium sulfate, clonidine, intravenous lidocaine, and meloxicam (in order
of most to least bibliometric interest). Individual reviews on these agents described how the bibliometric
indices characterized a drug. They also addressed the question of whether a nonopioid analgesic
produced a marked opioid-sparing effect. Information relative to this question was presented
via the results of meta-analyses with emphasis on the possible reduction of opioid-related side effects.
Overall, nonopioid drugs demonstrating the largest popularity among authors and continuous
interest growth in 2018-2022 include acetaminophen, dexmedetomidine, dexamethasone, and ibuprofen.
The relevant meta-analyses show that nonopioids, administered as components of multimodal
analgesia, provided the opioid-sparing effect; they also show that the most common change
in the opioid-related side effects was a lower incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting.