bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Philosophy and Historiosophy of the Holy Saint Father John of Kronstadt
Authors: Darenskiy Vitaliy Yu.
Published: November 2020

The article reconstructs the integral philosophical doctrine in the heritage of Saint John of Kronstadt, which includes the doctrine of being, knowledge, man, nature and history (i.e. ontology, epistemology, anthropology, natural philosophy and historiosophy). It is shown that this doctrine is based on the hermeneutics of biblical texts and patristic tradition, and the method of this philosophy is spiritual reflection based on the acquisition of the Holy spirit and the transformation of the mind. The ontology in this philosophy is revealed through the Revelation of the creation of the world, and anthropology- the creation of man, and therefore they have the character of sacred history. Philosophy of nature has the character of the Revelations about Tri-hypostatic God showing His properties in the creation. Tri-hypostasis of the Creator defines the ontology of the human being, carrying His Image. The revelation of the End of the world sets the semantic structure of the historical process and is the paradigm for understanding any specific events.
The Dream of Earthly Paradise and Spiritual Unrest in Search of Freedom: Russia in the Beginning of the 20th Century
Authors: Vakulinskaya Alexandra I.
Published: November 2020

The article offers the analysis of the spiritual searching of the intelligentsia in the period of the first Russian revolution. The author concentrates the attention at the ideological trends, which brought Christianity as the foundation of their theories and tried to justify the necessity to overthrow the autocracy and transform the Church. The author examines the reasons for the protest state of public opinion, that lay in the spiritual life of Russian society, and comes to the conclusion that the belief in possibility of earthly paradise, in one or another form, was common for all educated society ib the beginning of the century, and the search for genuine freedom was some kind of revolt against the state and the Church.
Okul Öncesi Öğretmenlerinin Erken Çocukluk Döneminde Uygulanan Standart Testlerle İlgili Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: BAYRAKTAOĞLU Eda , AYEKİN FÜLGER Derya Neval
Published: November 2020

Okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin erken çocukluk döneminde uygulanan standart testlere ilişkin görüşlerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılan bu çalışma nitel bir araştırmadır. Araştırma, ulaşılabilir örneklem yoluyla belirlenen 4’ü özel, 11’i devlet okulunda görev yapan toplam 15 okul öncesi öğretmeniyle derinlemesine görüşme yöntemi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada, veri toplama aracı olarak açık uçlu sorulardan oluşan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Görüşme formundaki açık uçlu sorulara verilen cevaplar içerik analizi tekniği ile değerlendirilmiştir. Öğretmenlerin erken çocukluk döneminde uygulanan standart testlere ilişkin görüşleri ile ilgili bulgular derinlemesine incelenmiş belirlenen kodlar dört temel tema çerçevesinde sunulmuştur. Çalışmanın bulguları, okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin çocukların gelişimlerini takip etmede standart testleri kullanmadıklarını, daha çok gözlem metodunu kullandıklarını, gelişimsel değerlendirmeye yeterince vakit ayırmadıklarını ve bunun bilgi eksikliğinden kaynaklandığını göstermiştir. Bu nedenle araştırma sonuçları ışığında, öğretmenlere ve öğretmen adaylarına değerlendirme konusunda eğitim verilmesi önerilmektedir.
Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Siyaset Okuryazarlık Düzeyleri
Authors: TARHAN Özge
Published: November 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ortaokul öğrencilerinin çeşitli değişkeler açısından siyaset okuryazarlık düzeylerini tespit etmektir. Çalışmada tarama (survey) modelinde betimsel bir çalışmadır. 686 öğrenci ile yürütülen bu çalışmada veriler kişisel bilgi formu, beceri-davranış ölçeği, duyuşsal eğilim ölçeği ve başarı testi olmak üzere 4 kısımdan oluşan “Siyaset Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği” ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin çözümlenmesinde ise frekans, yüzde, aritmetik ortalama, Kruskal Wallis Testi, Mann Whitney U Testi ve Pearson Korelasyon Katsayısından yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmaın sonuçlarına bakıldığında, ortaokul öğrencilerinin siyasetle ilgili temel bilgilerinin ve duyuşsal eğilim düzeylerinin orta düzeyde olmasına karşın beceri-davranış düzeylerinin olumsuz yönde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin siyaset okuryazarlık düzeyleri arasında cinsiyetin belirleyici bir faktör olmamasına karşın; okudukları okulların, anne-baba eğitim durumlarının ve mesleklerinin öğrencilerin siyaset okuryazarlık düzeylerinde belirleyici bir faktör olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
The Proper Discharge of Tax Duty as a Legitimate Interest of the Taxpayer
Authors: Yadrikhinskiy Sergey
Published: November 2020

Introduction. Legal science traditionally considers the taxpayer as a person obliged, and the payment of

tax in terms of unconditional, unilateral claims of the state. At the same time, the practice of taxation shows

that not only the state, but also the taxpayer is interested in the proper execution of the tax duty. This article

proposes to conduct a study of the performance of duties from the point of view of the legitimate interests of

the taxpayer. Purpose. The purpose of this study is to consider the legal and organizational aspects of the

obligation to pay tax, as well as the resolution of conflict issues in the balancing of public and private interests.

Methodology. The methodological basis of the study consists of various General and special methods of

cognition of the phenomena of legal reality. Among them, legal-dogmatic and historical-legal methods are

particularly important. Results. The article reveals the signs of proper fulfillment of tax duties; distinguishes

the concepts of “payment of tax” and “transfer of tax”; substantiates the idea that the implementation of tax

duties is associated with the legitimate interests of the taxpayer, the accounting of which is an obligation on the

part of the state in the face of law enforcement agencies (courts, tax authorities); analyzes the legal position of

the constitutional Court of the Russian Federation on the payment of taxes and the performance of tax duties,

defines the boundaries of good faith behavior of the taxpayer. Conclusions. The recognition of a duly

performed tax duty is a legitimate interest of the taxpayer, which is subject to protection. Based on the analysis

of the multistage process of tax payment and through the prism of the principle of justice, the conclusion about

the inadmissibility of imposing all responsibility for not receiving money to the budget only on the taxpayer is

substantiated. A practice that gives priority only to fiscal interest leads to an imbalance of private and public

interests.
“Society Becomes a Mass Organization of the Soviet Intelligentsia”: Information about the Organization and Work of the AllUnion Society for the Dissemination of Political and Scientific Knowledge
Authors: Mamontova Marina A.
Published: November 2020

A historical source is introduced into scientific circulation that reveals the features of the creation and activity of the first three years of the All-Union Society for the dissemination of political and scientific knowledge - Information about the organization and work of the All-Union Society for the dissemination of political and scientific knowledge. The reference is a report document that displays data on the number of popular science events held, on the structure and composition of the society, and on the intensity of attracting scientists from academic institutions. This document contains the necessary information for studying the problem of interaction between the scientific community and political power in the first post-war decade within the framework of the Institute responsible for popularizing scientific knowledge.
Metropolitan Anthony (Khrapovitsky) as the Head of the Russian Church Abroad in the Characterization of N. A. Berdyaev
Authors: Roslyakov Yevgeny S.
Published: November 2020

The article analyzes the works of N. A. Berdyaev, dedicated to Metropolitan Anthony (Khrapovitsky) - the founder and first head of the Russian Church Abroad. Berdyaev’s characterization of the Russian Church after the revolution, the way he saw it developing, was of great importance for the church polemic of the Russian diaspora. Berdyaev’s sharp, critical look at Metropolitan Anthony, the placement of the bishop’s figure in certain ideological frames, largely influenced his subsequent characteristics in historiography.
Landed Estates of the Elite Bukharian Families in the Irtysh Region Near Tara: Development and Inheritance Processes
Authors: Korusenko Svetlana N.
Published: November 2020

The article analyzes the process of the Bukharian’s landed estate formation in the Irtysh region near Tara based on the archives of 18th-19th centuries. As one of the results, the elite Bukharian families were identified that succeeded in establishing the allodial right. The grounds for its later development have been also found in the archives. In 19th when local authorities were actively settling boundaries and adjusting territories to the corresponding number of people in census lists, the original copies of the documents were replaced. This lead to the gradual expropriation of some territories. However, some Bukharian families were able to keep the landed estate and descend it in the family until the beginning of the 20th century.
“It Was Not Able to Live Without Work”: Military Medic Pavel F. Breytigam (1844-1920) in Memories of the Son Vladimir P. Breytigam
Authors: Gefner Olga V.
Published: November 2020

The article describes the social and scientific activities of a member of the intelligentsia of Omsk at the second half of the 19th - beginning of the 20th century military medic Pavel F. Breytigam. For the first time, the memoirs of his son, Vladimir P. Breytigam, about the father will be published.
Clothing of Arctic Nomads: Traditional Technologies and Ethnodesign
Authors: Konkova Yulia S. , Kukanov Denis A.
Published: November 2020

The article attempts to identify and structure ethnodesign's approaches to the study of traditional clothing of nomads of the Arctic, using the example of reindeer herders of Yamal (Nenets) and Chaun-Chukotka (Chukchi). As the research shows, the material world of a nomad reindeer herder exists in the system of a “nomadic transformer”, i.e. it is defined by and subordinated to the cycles of nomadic variability in space-time rhythms and dimensions, states of statics and dynamics, and communication with other communities. Quality and properties of clothing, as one of the main elements of adaptation to a nomadic lifestyle, are fully manifested in the dynamics: it is born and transformed and it dies in motion. The practices of making, wearing and using, repairing and disposing of clothing are organically intertwined with the rhythms of nomadism. The approaches to the study of Arctic nomads' clothing presented in the article - microstructural and bio-physiological, mim-adaptive and technological, gender-ethnocultural, and mobile-transformation - focus on the natural development of traditional technologies and work in motion. In combination, they allow us to look at nomad fur clothing from different angles and with different degree of approximation - from microstructural properties of reindeer hair and options of adaptational mimicry to an analysis of constructural and technological, gender and ethno-cultural features.
On the Connection of Churches: Anton V. Kartashev’s Theses
Authors: Antoshchenko Aleksandr V.
Published: November 2020

The edition of the theses of the famous Russian church historian is preceded by a brief introduction by the publisher. In it, he explains the place of this document in the process of forming the views of A. V. Kartashev on the problem of restoring the unity of Christian churches. This explanation, given against the background of the emigrant period of the historian’s biography, allows a better understanding of the meaning and significance of the theses put forward in the published document.
Praktik Keamanan Manusia Soka Gakkai International di Indonesia, Filipina, Dan Singapura ketika Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Anshori Muhammad Fikry , Ong Susy
Published: November 2020

Indonesia, Filipina, dan Singapura mempunyai jumlah kasus COVID-19 terkonfirmasi terbesar di Asia Tenggara. Soka Gakkai International adalah Non-Governmental Organization umat Buddha Nichiren dengan 2 juta anggota yang tersebar di 192 negara, termasuk tiga negara tersebut. Mereka terlibat dalam isu-isu global seperti hak asasi manusia dan pembangunan berkelanjutan. Lalu, bagaimana aktivitas yang dilakukan organisasi ini untuk mendukung keamanan manusia di Indonesia, Filipina, dan Singapura ketika pandemi COVID-19? Artikel ini berupaya untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut dengan menggunakan konsep Non-Governmental Organization dan keamanan manusia. Hasil menunjukan berbagai aktivitas Soka Gakkai International di Indonesia, Filipina, dan Singapura dari bulan Maret hingga Juli 2020 yang mendukung upaya perlindungan manusia dari ancaman COVID-19. Kemudian, ada pro dan kontra di antara pakar mengenai praktik keamanan manusia dari SGI ketika pandemi. Ini dapat menjadi pembelajaran mengenai praktik keamanan manusia ketika pandemi berlangsung.
Osteocalcin expression of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) added with hydroxyapatite (HA) in rabbit’s post extraction tooth sockets
Authors: Damayanti Meta Maulida , Hernowo Bethy Suryawathy , Susanah Susi
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Platelets play an important role in wound healing because it is a reservoir for growth factors and cytokines which is important in bone regeneration and soft tissue healing. The purpose of this study was to compare the use of scaffolds in platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) which added with hydroxyapatite (HA) in the socket healing process after tooth extraction in the value of regenerating an alveolar bone tissue. Methods: The research was conducted at biomedical laboratory Bandung Islamic University. Eighteen rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) with extracted anterior and inferior teeth were divided into 2 treatment groups and 3 observation times. The tooth socket is filled with PRF (Group 1) and PRP + HA (Group 2). The observation was conducted on Day 3, Day 7 and Day 14. Immunoexpression Osteocalcin was performed to assess the healing process of alveolar bone. Data was analyzed with the SPSS software program. Analysis of normality data by Shapiro-Wilk test, homogeneity of variance with Levene's test and comparison between treatment groups with the Chi-square test. Results: Group 1 shown the average score was higher than in Group 2 with a strong category of 72.2% for Group 1 and 56.6% for Group 2. Based on statistically,  there was no difference in osteocalcin immunoexpression between Group 1 and Group 2 with the p-value>0.05. Conclusion: Regeneration of rabbit’s alveolar bone tissue by application of PRF and PRP plus HA as scaffolds have results was similar. The use of PRF in post-extraction wound recovery is a better choice because it has an easy procedure and lower cost.
Effects of refrigerated storage on hemostatic stability of four canine plasma products
Authors: Edwards Thomas H. , Meledeo Michael A. , Peltier Grantham C. , Ruiz Daikor D. , Henderson Alice F. , Travieso Stephanie , Pusateri Anthony E.
Published: November 2020

OBJECTIVE

To assess clotting times, coagulation factor activities, sterility, and thromboelastographic parameters of liquid plasma (LP), thawed fresh frozen plasma (FFP-T), and 2 novel formulations of freeze-dried plasma (FDP) stored refrigerated over 35 days.

SAMPLE

6 units of canine LP and FFP-T from a commercial animal blood bank and 5 units each of 2 formulations of canine FDP.

PROCEDURES

Prothrombin time; activated partial thromboplastin time; activities of coagulation factors II, V, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, and XII; and thromboelastographic parameters were determined for each product on days 0 (baseline), 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35. For each day, a sample of each product was also submitted for aerobic bacterial culture.

RESULTS

Small changes in coagulation factor activities and mild increased time to initial clot formation in LP and FFP-T were noted over the 35-day storage period. Activities of factor VIII in FDP1 and factor XII in FDP2 were < 50% at baseline but varied throughout. Compared with FFP-T, time to initial clot formation was increased and clot strength was preserved or increased for the FDPs throughout the study. One FDP had decreased pH, compared with other products. No plasma product yielded bacterial growth.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Liquid plasma and FFP-T would be reasonable to use when stored refrigerated for up to 35 days. Both FDP products showed variability in coagulation factor activities. Studies investigating the usefulness of these plasma products (FDPs) in dogs and the variable days of refrigerated storage (all products) are warranted. (Am J Vet Res 2020;81:964–972)
Corpus Callosum and Cerebellum Anomaly in a Puppy
Authors: Volkan Ipek , Oguzhan Kaplan , Aynur Cinar
Published: November 2020

This paper is aimed to present a corpus callosum and cerebellar anomaly with pathological findings in a 40-day-old, male, Golden Retriever puppy. It was stated that the dog rapidly deteriorated and died. On necropsy, after opening the skull, it was observed that the brain and cerebellum hemispheres were separated. In the detailed macroscopic examination, it was observed that the corpus callosum, interthalamic connections, which connect the brain hemispheres, were completely separated from each other. It was observed that the corpus callosum was more prominent in the right hemisphere but the anatomical structures of the left hemisphere were not evident. It was also observed that the hemispheres of the cerebellum were almost completely separated from the vermis region. It has been observed that brain connections can be achieved only by attachment between the midbrain and pons and continuing with the pons. Microscopic examination revealed no inflammatory reactions in the brain and cerebellum. Corpus callosum and cerebellar vermis anomalies in dogs have been reported before. However, split brain syndrome characterized by the loss of almost all connections of the brain and cerebellum in such severity that was observed in this case has not been previously reported.
Changes in the Start Reaction Times in the 200 m Run at the World Championships After the Tightening of False Start Rule
Authors: Mitašík Peter , Doležajová Ladislava , Lednický Anton , Végh Dávid
Published: November 2020

Reaction time is an important component of the structure of sports performance in sprint disciplines. In our observation, we focused on the men’s and women’s 200 metres discipline at the World Championships (WCH) in two periods. The first in 1999-2009 and the second in 2011-2019. This division was conditioned by the change in the false start rule, which states that any competitor who makes a false start, except in multicontest, will be disqualified (valid since 1st January 2010). This change affected the speed of the sprinter’s reaction. The monitored group were finalists of the 200 m runs at the WCH, a total of 11 events. We used basic mathematical-statistical characteristics and assessed changes in reaction times using parametric paired and parametric unpaired t-test and Wilcoxon test. We compared reaction time in the heats and the finals. We found that at some WCH, worse reaction times were achieved in the finals of both categories compared with the heats. By comparing the reaction speed in the heats with the reaction speed in the men‘s finals, we recorded this statistically significant difference in the first period (p < 0.01) and after tightening the rule at the level of p < 0.10. In the women’s group, this difference was not statistically significant in any period. The percentage of the reaction speed in the final time of the 200 m run was 0.76 – 0.86 % in the men’s group and 0.74 – 0.78 % in the women’s group. The analysis of the results from the WCH in athletics confirmed the importance of reaction speed in the 200 m run.
Anaerobic Fitness Testing in Crossfit
Authors: Schlegel Petr , Křehký Adam
Published: November 2020

CrossFit is one of the sports disciplines where endurance play a significant role in the performance. For testing anaerobic fitness it is important to choose the means that are part of the exercise and have a good transfer to the sport. A sample of competitive crossfitters (n = 12) underwent stress tests on the assault air bike (AB) (60 s) and Wingate. In addition to the performance parameters (Wmax, Wmean, W/kg, cal), lactate values after exercise (1st, 5th, 10th and 15th minute) were monitored. The results showed significant differences in both the absolute values of lactate and the development of the lactate curve (α = 0.05). The correlation of the selected variables showed a significant relationship between the average Watts value and the calories traveled (0.894). Testing anaerobic fitness with AB appears to be a suitable variant for CrossFit, as well as monitoring the development of lactate curve. Due to the original design of the study, it is necessary to verify the results.
Effect of Vegetation Structure on Urban Climate Mitigation
Authors: Rózová Zdenka , Supuka Ján , Klein Ján , Jasenka Matej , Tóth Attila , Štefl Lukáš
Published: November 2020

Vegetation formations are an important component in the urban structure, as they perform a wide range of ecosystem services there. The climate modification to improve the environmental and residential quality of the city is one of the important functions. The paper presents the results of the microclimate assessment in the chosen localities of Nitra town, Slovakia, with an emphasis on the stage and differences in air temperature and relative humidity. The climate elements were measured at 7 spatially different sites (sites A to G), each of them at two comparative sites, vegetation stand and open area. The largest average air temperature difference between the vegetation stand and the non-vegetation area was 1.2 °C at the locality D. The largest air temperature difference in the vegetation stands was measured between the street space (site E) and the city park (F), reaching 2.3–2.5 °C. The relative air humidity reached the highest differences between the park (locality F) and the street space (G) measured at 3:00–8:00. These reached 19.6% to 24.4% with higher relative humidity in the popular city park. The highest differences between the compared habitats were measured at locality G and averaged 9.6% at 04:00 – 07:00 in a preference to a tree canopy. The research results confirmed the importance of the vegetation structures in the process of mitigating the urban climate extremes and the environmental quality improving.
Re-Interpreting the Imrahor Valley (Ankara-Turkey) in Terms of Green Infrastructure Directing Urban and Rural Development
Authors: Karadeniz Nilgül , Şenoz Orsan Esra , Akman Taskin Rüveyda , Cetinkaya Zekiye
Published: November 2020

The earth is rapidly urbanizing. One of the most effective means of dealing with the emergency caused by rapid urbanization is green infrastructure now. Ankara as a metropolitan capital city is also rapidly losing its urban-rural integrity due to rapid urbanization. Although different spatial plans have been made since the declaration of the Republic, the city continued oil-stain expansion and the green area system could not be protected. The Imrahor Valley, which is of ecologically vital importance in the urban-rural integrity, is one of the valuable areas under threat. The valley is an ecotone between the rural and urban ecosystems, southeast of Ankara city center. The valley has come to the point of losing its natural and rural character, especially with the urban transformation practices on the valley floor, slopes and surrounding areas. In this context, the ecological processes to which the Imrahor Valley is connected and dependent and human interventions in these processes are examined in three layers at different levels initially: the province, the city containing the central districts and the basin containing Lake Mogan-Eymir Lake-Imrahor Valley. Then, we focus on the transformation of the Imrahor Valley, one of the most important ecological components of the metropolitan city of Ankara, between 2003–2020. All transformational interventions in the Imrahor Valley affect all natural processes of the Valley irreversibly. It is necessary to re-read and interpret the Imrahor Valley landscape within the framework of the green infrastructure approach in all spatial planning studies and plan changes to be made regarding the metropolitan city.
The Future of Personalized Medicine: One Step Melanoma Surgery
Authors: Tchernev G. , Poterov G. , Malev V.
Published: November 2020

The divergent, personalized approach in the surgical treatment of cutaneous melanoma is the one in which the treatment of the neoplasm differs from that proposed within the generally accepted standards or guidelines. According to their presumption, guidelines are not obligatory for the treatment of a certain type of disease and cannot replace the judgment of the clinician. Which to a large extent determines the freedom (or possible one) of the clinician‘s action regarding the „personalization“ in the choice of a new, divergent therapy. It is interesting, for example, that the occurrence of locoregional recurrences in patients with melanoma after guideline therapy insures clinicians against both criticism of treatment choice and the end results. However, the lack of recurrences after innovative/personalized surgical treatment of cutaneous melanoma is accompanied for unknown reasons by a serious dose of unwarranted criticism. The fact is that a personalized surgical approach in the treatment of skin melanomas and the recommended by AJCC guidelines approach lead to exactly the same end results and that should not be ignored. The difference lies in the fact that this end result can be achieved by one step melanoma surgery (OSMS), for example, which is carried out in a single surgical session. Several advantages of OSMS can be noted: 1) it provides high efficiency in a short time, even in the initial stage of the disease, 2) it is cost-effective, and 3) according to initial clinical observations we have a much lower to no propensity for locoregional relapses.
Generation of Monogenetic Cattle by Different Techniques of Embryonic Cell and Somatic Cell Cloning – Their Application to Biotechnological, Agricultural, Nutritional, Biomedical and Transgenic Research – A Review
Authors: Skrzyszowska Maria , Samiec Marcin
Published: November 2020

The development of effective approaches for not only the in vitro maturation (IVM) of heifer/cow oocytes and their extracorporeal fertilization (IVF) but also the non-surgical collection and transfer of bovine embryos has given rise to optimizing comprehensive in vitro embryo production (IVP) technology and improving other assisted reproductive technologies (ART s), such as cattle cloning by embryo bisection, embryonic cell nuclear transfer (ECNT) and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). The primary goal of the present paper is to demonstrate the progress and achievements in the strategies utilized for embryonic cell cloning and somatic cell cloning in cattle. Moreover, the current article is focused on recognizing and identifying the suitability and reliability of bovine cloning techniques for nutritional biotechnology, agri-food and biopharmaceutical industry, biomedical and transgenic research and for the genetic rescue of endangered or extinct breeds and species of domesticated or wild-living artiodactyl mammals (even-toed ungulates) originating from the family Bovidae.
Development of Subcontractor Selection Models Using Fuzzy and AHP Methods in the Apparel Industry Supply Chain
Authors: Lahdhiri Mourad , Babay Amel , Jmali Mohamed
Published: November 2020

The subcontractor selection decision is inherently a multicriterion problem. It is a decision of strategic importance for companies. The nature of this decision is usually complex and unstructured. Management science techniques might be helpful tools for solving these kinds of decision-making problems. In this research, the fuzzy logic method and the analytic hierarchy process were applied for the selection of suitable subcontractors in an apparel supply chain.

In general, many factors, such as quality level, price offer, and delivery delay, were considered to determine the most suitable and reliable subcontractors that fit the company's strategy. This survey is carried out using the database of an apparel company manufacturing denim products.
Working Conditions and Satisfaction of Transport Service Employees
Authors: Wawer Ewelina
Published: November 2020

The transition of the Polish economy has brought about profound changes in the nature of contracts between employees and employers. These changes have been affected by the process of globalisation and dynamic technological progress. In particular, the characteristics of the contracts and the work itself have changed, which has affected the utility derived from employment by employees. The article attempts to identify the factors providing job satisfaction using the example of railway service employees. In particular, factors such as the position held, levels of tension and stress at work, level of autonomy, opportunities for personal development, the level of accordance between employees’ skills and job requirements, convenient working hours, length of vacation and the level of social respect enjoyed are important. In the study, an innovative discrete choice experiment method and econometric analysis were used to make a comprehensive examination of the factors providing satisfaction to transport service employees. Conclusions from the study indicate that although remuneration is an important element influencing job satisfaction, other non-wage factors also affect the satisfaction. The most important factors include managerial position, opportunities for personal development and the level of social respect related to the given occupation/position.
Effects of shoot age on biological and chemical properties of red currant (Ribes rubrum L.) cultivars
Authors: Djordjevic Boban S. , Djurovic Dejan B. , Zec Gordan D. , Meland Mekjell O. , Fotiric Aksic Milica M.
Published: November 2020

The aim of this study was to examine the influence of shoot age on biological and chemical properties of 11 red currant cultivars (‘Jonkheer van Tets’, ‘Junifer’, ‘London Market’, ‘Makosta’, ‘Mirana’, ‘Redpoll’, ‘Rolan’, ‘Rondom’, ‘Rovada’, ‘Slovakia’ and ‘Stanza’) with different origins and ripening times. Phenological observations and pomological characteristics were studied and chemical analysis was conducted from 2013 to 2018 at experimental fields near Belgrade, Serbia. The total contents of phenols and anthocyanin were estimated spectrophotometrically, while quantitative analysis of anthocyanin aglycones was done using high-performance liquid chromatography. Three-year-old shoots had an earlier start of all examined phenological stages, better generative potential, higher yields, as well as higher total phenol and vitamin C contents in the fruits, compared with 2-year-old shoots, for all cultivars. The contents of total anthocyanins were higher in berries on younger shoots of early-ripening cultivars, while late-ripening cultivars had higher contents of total soluble solids and cyanidin in the berries on 3-year-old shoots. Principal component analysis demonstrated that the most important variables that distinguished 2-year-old shoots from 3-year-old shoots were those related to phenological data, cluster traits, total acids and yields. According to the obtained results, ‘Junifer’ (with the highest number of clusters), ‘Mirana’ (with the highest sugar content and sugar/acid ratio), ‘Redpoll’ (with the highest physical traits of cluster and berry), ‘Slovakia’ (with the highest yield and yield efficiency) and ‘Rovada’ (with the highest level of secondary metabolites) are recommended as the most promising cultivars for growing in the temperate region of Serbia.
Scots pine forest in Central Europe as a habitat for Harmonia axyridis: temporal and spatial patterns in the population of an alien ladybird
Authors: Zach Peter , Holecová Milada , Brabec Marek , Hollá Katarína , Šebestová Miroslava , Martinková Zdenka , Skuhrovec Jiří , Honěk Alois , Nedvěd Oldřich , Holec Juraj , Brown Peter M.J. , Saniga Miroslav , Jauschová Terézia , Kulfan Ján
Published: November 2020

Understanding of habitat favourability has wide relevance to the invasion biology of alien species. We studied the seasonal dynamics of the alien ladybird Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in monoculture Scots pine forest stands in south-west Slovakia, Central Europe, from April 2013 to March 2015. Adult H. axyridis were collected monthly across seven randomly selected pine stands of different ages and canopy closure, from the lower branches of pine trees, and larvae were recorded qualitatively. Adults were recorded all year round, most abundantly in November and least abundantly in February. The relationship between the abundance of H. axyridis and selected forest stand characteristics was modelled using the negative binomial Generalized Additive Model with penalized spline component in month (seasonality) effect, year, canopy closure and age effects and the random effect of forest stand (sample area effect). The abundance of H. axyridis was significantly influenced by the age of stand and seasonality (with month granularity) for both closed and open canopy stands, whereas the effects of canopy closure and sample area were not significant. The bimodal pattern of seasonal dynamics of H. axyridis on Scots pine was common for closed and open canopy stands, with two peaks reflecting the cyclic movement of the species from and to overwintering sites. Harmonia axyridis utilized certain pine stands preferably for foraging during the growing season and certain stands for refuge during winter. The ladybirds were found in highest numbers in the 15 year old closed canopy stand (overwintering site). The occurrence of both adults and larvae in most stands indicated a suitability of Scots pine forest for ladybird breeding. The model of year-round dynamics of H. axyridis has been presented for the first time within the invaded range of the ladybird in Europe.
Golden jackal, a natural disperser or an invasive alien species in Slovakia? A summary within European context
Authors: Urban Peter , Guimarães Nuno , Bučko Jozef
Published: November 2020

This summary provides an overview of the golden jackal (Canis aureus) categorization in Europe with particular focus on its presence in Slovakia. The distribution range of this species in Europe has been expanding in recent decades. Currently, European population is in constant and fast increase, widening their ranges towards Central and Eastern Europe and more recently in some western countries. All over Europe, the categorization of the golden jackal status is discussed with some controversial. A recent genetic study helped to determine that golden jackals do not meet the established three criteria, which categorize a species as an invasive alien species. In Slovakia, golden jackals’ numbers grown considerably in the last decade and with an increasing of their distribution through the country it became a permanent species of the Slovak fauna. The only internal status is the hunting Act no. 274/2009, which classifies it as, game species. The fast adaptation and dispersion through Slovakia can be considered similar to the behaviour of an invasive species, as suggested in previous studies in Hungary. Based on widely accepted definitions, agreed under international legal instruments, it is quite clear that the term ‘Invasive Alien Species’ only encompasses non-native species specifically introduced by humans (intentionally or accidentally). Following this Invasive Alien Species terminology, golden jackals cannot be categorized as such in Slovakia. The natural expansion, the growing ranges, and the increase in numbers of the golden jackal in Slovakia in the last decades points to a need to improve the knowledge of the species.
Invasions of alien woody plant taxa across a cluster of villages neighbouring the Mlyňany Arboretum (SW Slovakia)
Authors: Ferus Peter , Hoťka Peter , Košútová Dominika , Konôpková Jana
Published: November 2020

Ornamental plantations in cities and particularly botanical gardens and arboreta are rich sources of alien flora. Mlyňany Arboretum, established in 1892, cultivates 1049 non-native woody plant species on the area of 67 ha. In this work we answered following questions: 1. How many taxa are spontaneously spreading in the arboretum and how is the spreading intensity related to their ecological demands and reproduction traits? 2. How many taxa appear behind the fence? 3. How far from the arboretum they can get? 4. Do private gardens and historical aristocratic park in the studied village cluster contribute to species escapes from culture? 5. Which from the widely spread taxa can represent future risk of invasiveness on the national level? We found that about one tenth of taxa spread across the arboretum (particularly Cotoneaster spp., Prunus laurocerasus, P. serotina and Quercus rubra) and number of their seedlings corresponded only with the mother plant number. Almost one third of these species left the arboretum and their seedlings were observed in distance up to 500 m from the village (mainly Mahonia aquifolium, P. serotina). Private gardens were a large source of Juglans regia seedlings, frequency of which decreased with the distance from villages (no species escaped from the historical park). Weed risk assessment revealed potential invasion danger only for Amorpha fruticosa.
Known and predicted impacts of the invasive oak lace bug (Corythucha arcuata) in European oak ecosystems – a review
Authors: Paulin Márton , Hirka Anikó , Eötvös Csaba Béla , Gáspár Csaba , Fürjes-Mikó Ágnes , Csóka György
Published: November 2020

The North American oak lace bug (OLB, Corythucha arcuata) was first found in Europe in northern Italy in 2000, and up to 2019 it was recorded in 20 countries. Almost all Eurasian deciduous oak species are suitable hosts and the species can also feed on many other woody plants. At least 30 million hectares of oak forests provide suitable hosts for the OLB, meaning that the lack of suitable hosts will not restrict its further spread. Detailed studies on the long-term impact of the species are not yet available but there are many good reasons to assume that it poses multiple threats to oaks and oak ecosystems. In the long term, it may have negative effects on oak health, growth, and acorn crops. Many of other oak-associated species will likely also be negatively affected. So far, no effective and environmentally tolerable large scale control method is known for OLB.
Appearance of oak lace bug (Corythucha arcuata Say, 1832) on sweet chestnut in Hungary (Heteroptera: Tingidae)
Authors: Kovács Gabriella Enikő , Nagy Antal , Radócz László , Szarukán István
Published: November 2020

Oak lace bug (Corythucha arcuata) has caused increasing damage throughout Europe since its appearance in 2000. In Hungary, it has become a dangerous pest of Quercus species in recent years. They frequently appear on ornamental and fruit trees, either, but this type of damage is not significant. Castanea species are known as their common host plants in their native area, but in Europe, it was detected only in Bulgaria. In this paper, we provide the first record of oak lace bug on sweet chestnut (C. sativa) in Hungary, which represents only the second European data on Castanea species. The pest was found in Debrecen, East Hungary.
Urban ecosystems as locations of distribution of alien aquatic plants
Authors: Prokopuk Mariana , Zub Lesya
Published: November 2020

Peculiarities of alien macrophytes invasions into aquatic ecosystems located at urban landscapes were investigated on an example of water bodies, rivers and streams located within the Kyiv City (Ukraine). There have been recognised seven species of alien aquatic macrophytes established at the territory of Kyiv City, representing 11% of the hydrophilic flora of the city. The representatives of the recent invasions Egeria densa, Elodea nuttallii and Pistia stratiotes in comparison with Elodea canadensis were characterized by a wider ecological valence concerning the contents of nitrogen compounds in water. Significant variability of morphometric parameters of coenopopulations of alien species formed in different environmental conditions was recognised. There was observed that the individuals of Pistia stratiotes from eutrophic water bodies formed significantly larger surface organs, and the individuals from meso-eutrophic reservoir had a larger number of leaves in the rosette, and more numerous and longer roots. The alien macrophytes species dwelling in the water bodies of the city were characterized by wide ecological amplitudes, high stress tolerance, high reproduction rate, high naturalization degree, allowing these species to use the resources of their new environment inaccessible for the local species and significantly affecting the ecosystem homeostasis and transformation.
Suppressiveness of soil amendments with pelleted plant materials on the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita
Authors: D’Addabbo T. , Migunova V. D. , Renčo M. , Sasanelli N.
Published: November 2020

Soil treatments with formulated plant biomasses or waste materials can be an effective alternative to green manure crops for a sustainable management of root-knot nematode infestations. The suppressive performance of soil amendments with three commercial formulations of defatted seed meal from Brassica carinata, dry biomass of Medicago sativa and pressed pulp from Beta vulgaris was comparatively evaluated on the root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita both on potted and field tomato (cv. Regina) trials. Products were applied at rates of 10, 20, 30 or 40 g/kg and 20 and 40 T/ ha soil in pots and field, respectively. Soil non treated or treated with the nematicide Oxamyl were used as controls in both experiments. Amendments in potted soil significantly reduced M. incognita infestation on tomato roots compared to both the untreated control and treatment with Oxamyl, also increasing tomato plant growth up to the 30 g/kg soil rate. At the end of the field tomato crop, soil population density of M. incognita resulted significantly reduced by all the tested treatments, whereas tomato yield was significantly higher than the untreated control only at the lowest amendment rate. Soil amendments with the materials tested in this study demonstrated to be a potential additional tool for a satisfactory and safe management of root-knot nematodes.
The effects of seasonality and group size on fecal egg counts in wild Przewalski’s horses (Equus ferus przewalskii, Poljakov, 1881) in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone, Ukraine during 2014 – 2018
Authors: Slivinska K. , Klich D. , Yasynetska N. , Żygowska M.
Published: November 2020

The aim of this study was to investigate the difference in Fecal Egg Counts (FEC) with regard to group size, age, sex and body condition of wild free-roaming Przewalski’s horses in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone (Ukraine), across different seasons, over a five-year period (2014 – 2018). We hypothesized that horses from larger group sizes would have higher faecal egg counts (FECs). The relationship between FECs and the year and season of sample collection, and age, sex and group size of the horses was analyzed. Generalized linear model using positive strongylid FEC`s as a variable response, was used to investigate the differences in FECs between the groups.

Nematode (Strondylidae, Parascaris spp., Habronematidae) and cestode (Anoplocephalidae) eggs were also identified. Stronglyids were the most prevalent helminth egg, and had the highest FECs.

The model for egg counts of strongylids showed that season and group size of horses were statistically significant. Presence of strongylid eggs was not dependent on age and sex of horses. We suggest that this could be a result of parasite transmission between individuals and groups in places were animals aggregate around water sources or collective farms.

Results obtained in this current study broaden the knowledge of gastrointestinal parasites in free-roaming horses under wild natural conditions.
Informal work along the business cycle: evidence from Argentina
Authors: Albertini Julien , Poirier Arthur , Sopraseuth Thepthida
Published: November 2020

This article sheds light on the dynamics of the Argentine labor market, using quarterly data from the Argentine Labor Force Survey for the period 2003Q3 to 2020Q1. We examine quarterly transition rates in a four-state model with formal employment, informal employment, unemployment, and nonparticipation. We compute the contribution of each transition rate to fluctuations in unemployment and informality rates. We identify five stylized facts: (i) Nearly 40% of the fluctuations in the unemployment rate involves unemployment ins and outs from/to informal jobs. (ii) More than 40% of the fluctuations in informality rate are driven by the variance of the formalization rate (transition from informal to formal employment). (iii) Non-participation matters for the understanding of unemployment volatility but also for the comprehension of the volatility on informality. (iv) Regarding gender differences: transition involving non-participation matters more in the variance of female unemployment and informality rates than for their male counterparts. (v) The informal sector plays an important role as a stepping stone to formal jobs for both men and women. Our article provides empirical targets to discipline theoretical modeling of labor market dynamics with a sizeable shadow economy.
Heterogeneous effects of minimum wage on labor market outcomes: A case study from Turkey
Authors: Işık Enes , Orhangazi Özgür , Tekgüç Hasan
Published: November 2020

We assess the effects of a sharp minimum wage increase on wages, informality, and employment in Turkey, a large developing economy with one of the highest minimum wage-to-average wage ratios among OECD countries and widespread discrepancies between labor market outcomes of women and of men. We look at the quasi-experimental 2016 minimum wage increase and pay attention to identifying information coming from demographic groups. We find that the increase in the minimum wage had an economically substantial and statistically significant positive impact on wages. Despite the positive wage effects of the increase, we find no negative employment effects. However, we show that the minimum wage increase may have caused an increase in the share of informal employment among workers with less than tertiary education, especially for such workers working for small firms.