bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Review on Effect of Repetitive Rework on Dissimilar Austenistic Stainless Steel Pipes by Using GMAW Orbital Welding
Authors: Hussein Nur Izan Syahriah , Ayof Mohamad Nizam , Kean Tan Huay
Published: September 2015

Dissimilar metal welding is widely applied to meet the rquirement of transition in mechanical properties and/or difference in working conditions. For instance, even though AISI 304 and AISI 316L are both belong to austenitic stainless steels, but they are applied in different working environment. AISI 304 is used at high temperature applications, whereas AISI 316L is used at low temperature. Repair welding is able to return a part back to its normal service life if weld failure happened due to service deterioration or defects during fabrication stage. However, repetitive heat input due to repair welding will cause changes in welded structure and properties. In this article, the effect of repetitive repair welding of dissimilar austenitic stainless steel pipes to the microhardness, tensile strength, microstructure and quality of the weldment has been reviewed.
Preheater for Anthracite Carbonization in Rotary Furnaces
Authors: Spišák Ján , Vaňko Branislav , Kerekanič Ján , Čuchtová Daniela
Published: September 2015

Coke production is carried out by coal carbonization. The most frequently used coal is anthracite, which features a very low content of volatile substances that not exceed 7%. Current anthracite production is carried out in rotary furnaces, consists of processes as follows: drying, heating, pyrolysis and calcination. Coke cooling is performed in cooling device located at the end of the furnace. To enhance the performance and reduce the specific heat consumption, use of the preheating device for rotary charge was proposed. The charge granulometry allows using the preheating device based on thin layer principle. Proposed solution was verified by simulations.
A Study with Diesel Additives and Fish Methyl Ester on Diesel Engine at Full Load Condition
Authors: Sastry G.R.K. , Panda Dr. Jibitesh kumar , Dutta Prasenjit
Published: September 2015

The scarcity of conventional fossil fuel, their increasing cost and the detrimental effects of combustion engendered pollutants seems to make alternative sources more appealing. Fish methyl ester is available abundantly. The present experiment assess the performance and emission distinctive of a diesel engine using dissimilar blends of methyl ester of fish, 2-EHN and ethanol with mineral diesel. Methyl ester and diesel additive was blended with diesel in proportions of 20% and 100% by mass and studied under full load conditions. The performance and emission parameters were found to be better than the mineral diesel.
Stratified Flow Condensation of CO2 in a Tube at Low Temperatures
Authors: Li Pei Hua , Deans Joe , Norris Stuart
Published: September 2015

This study presents an experimental investigation of CO2 flowing condensation at the saturation temperature of-10°C, mass flux in the range from 40 to 60kgm-2s-1 and vapour quality ranging from 0.2 to 0.8, in a 6.52mm inside diameter horizontal tube. Previous research on refrigerant condensation has shown that under these conditions, CO2 two phases are expected to develop as a stratified flow. The significant feature of the stratified flow heat transfer is vapour film condensation in the upper region which dominates the overall heat transfer process. Test series in this study confirm that the saturation-to-tube wall temperature difference has a significant influence on the condensing heat transfer coefficient when the temperature difference is within 3K. Comparisons between the experimental results and the predictions by the Dobson, Cavallini and Thome models show that CO2 stratified flow condensation heat transfer coefficients are over-predicted by these models with mean deviations of 104%, 81% and 127%, respectively.
Solar Powered Water Pump Lifting Agriculture
Authors: Raza Arsalan , Zhu Yong Qiang , Nasir Khan Zaigham , Ali Muhammad , Khan Danish , Hameed Abdul
Published: September 2015

Because of the energy crisis in Pakistan farmers are getting serious difficulties in irrigating their crops under such increasing diesel costs. There is a need to facilitate the farmers in alternative ways of powering their water pumps. There are lots of alternative ways, powering water pump, but most economical way is the solar pumping which can bring great outcomes in Farmers of Pakistan whom are facing serious difficulties in irrigating their crops under such severe energy crisis and ever increasing diesel costs. According to one estimate, In Pakistan more than 1Million pumps are in use, out of which 750,000 are diesel driven pumps. If we replace 25% diesel pumps by solar pumps, we can save about 3570 MW of electricity. In this paper 220 W motor is used to operate two days without sunshine or power from the PV panels, 40Wh was required daily as back up, supply a minimum of 880 Wh. Since this is a 12 V system, 880Wh/12V = 73.3 Ah was employed A battery bank should be at least 73.3 Ah, here, since the controller selected had a deep discharge protection at less than 30% of battery capacity, a bank of at least 105 Ah was required. For this project a 105 Ah battery was used as backup and all the simulation is done in the matlab.
Design of Machine Tool Based on Reconfigurability Principles
Authors: Abou-El-Hossein Khaled A. , Theron N.J. , Ghobashy S.
Published: September 2015

Global industries nowadays are characterised by market instability and rapid change in customer demand, which consequentially affect the product design and require quick decisions on modification or replacement of the processing and production workstations. Therefore, it has become essential for the world economies to implement an effective industrial strategy that addresses those changes in product design in order to remain competitive. An emerging strategy that might enable industries to cope with the rapidly changing product specifications is based on reconfiguring the manufacturing technologies. A manufacturing strategy that is based on reconfiguration of the workstations may help accommodate those changes at the lowest possible costs by combining certain levels of machine tool flexibility and customised automation. For the last few years, the literature has been enriched with works and publications concerned about the concept of machine tool reconfiguration. Most of these works agreed that a machine tool is considered reconfigurable if it satisfies a number of principles and characteristics. This paper discusses the development of a basic design for a machine tool based on those reconfigurability principles. The design attempts to produce a machine tool having a limited flexibility that is just enough to accommodate all possible modifications and changes, within customised level of automation in the designs of a product family of some automotive products. This work is a part of a project that is aiming on enhancing reconfigurable manufacturing in South Africa.
Study of the Influence of Labyrinth Seal Clearance on Gearbox Leakage with Gas-Fluid Two-Phase Mixture
Authors: He Wei Dong , Wang Chen , Zhang Ying Hui
Published: September 2015

Established two-dimensional axisymmetric staggered tooth shape labyrinth seal grid model by GAMBIT software, simulated oil-air two-phase mixture flow field within labyrinth seal by fluent software, confirmed the best grid size of numerical calculation, studied the seal mechanism and influence of gap width variation on the leakage. The results show that when fluid flows through the narrow clearance, its velocity increases and pressure decreases. The optimized clearance width within 0.5mm to 1.0mm is preferable.
Analysis of the Stability of Elliptical Journal Bearings under Vapor Cavitation Erosion
Authors: Yusof Rosli Hj , Rao T.V.V.L.N.
Published: September 2015

The phenomenon of lubricant cavitation in hydrodynamic bearings and its effect on the stability has been rigorously studied and reported in the literatures. In certain cases, cavitation has significant effect on the dynamic and stability characteristics of the rotor-bearing system. With a proper control of the cavitation condition and groove location, stability can be achieved over a wide range of operating speed, in the case of elliptical journal bearings. On the other hand, the stability is not affected by the presence of vapor cavitation, in the case of multi-lobe journal bearings with the oil supplied at atmospheric pressure. For the unstable, submerged, circular bearings, vapor cavitation phenomena results in a distinctive vibration response observable on the vibration plots. The stability of the elliptical journal bearings under the influence of vapor cavitation erosion was analyzed. It is found that vapor cavitation erosion on elliptical bearings results in instability of the whirling shaft. Collapse of the vapor cavitation bubbles causes erosion wear that falls within the pressure zone of the elliptical bearing, thus causing the instability.
Numerical Study of Fluid Behavior Induced by Anchor Impeller in a Stirred Vessel
Authors: Benmoussa Amine , Rahmani Lakhdar , Rebhi Mebrouk
Published: September 2015

In the present paper, we have described in-depth numerical study of the basic fluid mechanics problem of yield stress fluid flow with regularization model of Berovier and Engelman in a cylindrical vessel not chicaned equipped with an anchor stirrer by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) based on the finite volumes method discretization of Navier - Stokes equations formulated in variables (U.V.P). We study the effect of inertia and the yield stress influence by the variation of Hedström number on the flow; we have analyzed also the influence of rheological parameters on the hydrodynamic flow behavior, such as the velocity components and the power consumption.
Efficiency Estimation of Thermoelectric Generators Application in the Liquefied Natural Gas Gasifiers
Authors: Novikov Artem , Uglanov D.A. , Dovgyallo Alexander
Published: September 2015

The object of the research is a thermoelectric generator installed in a liquefied natural gas gasifier. In this article the numerical estimation of parameters of thermoelectric generators (TEG) at cryogenic temperatures are presented and the experimental study of the thermoelectric properties of TEG at low temperatures as well as the outlook for using thermoelectric generators as a part of industrial liquefied natural gas gasifier has been carried out. In the process used heat transfer theory of cylindrical thin wall with a one-sided fins and the estimation of thermoelectric performance of TEG. As a result the experimental work has been investigated by TEG parameters at cryogenic temperatures; the evaluation of TEG number to produce electrical energy has been considered.
3D Analysis of Crack Behavior Using XFEM
Authors: Lee Sung Hyun , Jeon Insu
Published: September 2015

It is important to evaluate the 3D crack behavior in the structures. In this study, a Crack-growth test and two simulations namely, Real-model simulation and Ideal-model simulation were performed using eXtended Finite Element Method (XFEM) to evaluate crack behavior three-dimensionally. In the Crack-growth test, crack behavior was observed for a notched metal specimen. In the Real-model simulation, the FE model was constructed using a 3D reconstruction model of the specimen, and crack growth was simulated. In the Ideal-model simulation, the simulation was performed using the FE model that involved ideal notch. The obtained crack growth simulation results were compared with tension test result. Crack growth in the specimen was evaluated three-dimensionally. It was shown that modeling the real shape of a structure with a crack may be essential for accurately evaluating 3D crack growth.
Numerical Study for Shape Oscillation of Free Viscoelastic Drop Using the Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian Method
Authors: Liu Zhong , Tan Shan Wen , Brenn G.
Published: September 2015

The free oscillation of liquid droplet is one of the classical questions in science research, liquid drops play important role in a lot of engineering applications. Theory study of droplet oscillation mainly based on the linear method, this method is only adapted to the small-amplitude oscillatory motion of drops. Except the linear method used in this study, numerical method have been successfully applied in simulation of the free oscillation of liquid droplet.
In this paper, the finite element method is used to investigate numerically the influence of viscoelasticity on the small-amplitude oscillation of drop of polymer solutions. A spatial discretization is accomplished by the finite element method, the time descretization is carried by the Crank-Nicolson method, and the arbitrary Lagangian-Eulerian (ALE) method is used to track the change of the interface. Numerical results are compared with the ones of linear theory. The behaviors of oscillation are found to depend on the viscosity and the stress relaxation time of viscoelastic fluid, the results of numerical simulation and linear theory are identical.
Third Order ENO Scheme on Non-Uniform Grid for Supersonic Flows
Authors: Moisseyeva Yekaterina , Naimanova Altynshash , Belyayev Yerzhan , Shakhan Nurtoleu
Published: September 2015

In the present paper the third order finite-difference shock-capturing essentially non-oscillatory (ENO) scheme for a non-uniform grid has been developed. The design of the ENO scheme is based on the methodology for uniform grids. To construct the essentially non-oscillatory piecewise polynomial, the Newtoninterpolant of the third order degree is adapted for the non-uniform grid. Also, the implementation of the symmetrical form of the slope limiters on non-uniform meshes is examined. The efficiency of the developed algorithm is demonstrated by the numerical experiments on the simulation of the three-dimensional turbulent steady flowfield generated by the transverse hydrogen injection into the supersonic air cross-flow. The comparison with results on the uniform grid using the coordinate system transformation is done.
The Effect of Mass Flow Distribution Inaccuracies in a Hydraulic Network Model for OD Zig-Zag Cooled Power Transformer Windings
Authors: Coddé Joris , Van der Veken Wim , Baelmans Martine
Published: September 2015

In this paper the mass flow distribution in zig-zag cooled power transformer windings is shown to play a crucial factor to accurately predict the winding temperature. In order to enable thermo-hydraulic network models for transformer design, new correlations are derived for combining and dividing T-junctions and elbow configurations. Good correspondence is achieved in comparison with CFD simulation results for a zig-zag cooled power transformer winding.
A Supervisory Power Flow Controller for a Hybrid Power System
Authors: Ouadi Abderrahmane , Bentarzi Hamid
Published: September 2015

Hybrid power system presented in this work focuses on the combination of wind, solar, and energy storing systems for sustainable power generation. The output power of wind turbine is only available under a specific speed or higher. The solar energy varies hourly, daily and seasonally which depends on variation of solar irradiation. A generator-set with a battery bank can be integrated with the wind and PV-system to ensure the continuity of power supply for all conditions.The paper aims to model and simulate the transient and steady state behavior of a Solar-Wind hybrid power generation system together with energy storage bank. Besides, a supervisory power flow controller has been developed which determines a power source that is selected to operate in order to satisfy the load demand taking into account the sun irradiance and the wind speed. The energy storage bank may be used to store an excess of power from the renewable energy system (RES) that will be used when there is insufficient supplied power. If either the available power from the wind turbine or from the solar panels or both of them cannot satisfy the load demand the generator set system will be used to satisfy the load demand. The functionality of the presented Hybrid Power System has been successfully designed and simulated using Matlab/Simulink tool.
Burners for Rotary Furnace - Proposal and Comparison
Authors: Spišák Jan , Naščák Dušan , Vaňko Branislav , Gloček Ján
Published: September 2015

In the paper are presented the possibility of using axial and radial diffusion burner in rotary furnace. Both types of burners allow secondary air combustion, combustion quality measure is the ratio of primary and secondary flame. Experimental comparison of both types of burners has been performed with the high-revolution rotary furnace. On this basis, benefits have been identified and their use possibilities.
Experimental Study of Splitting Tensile Strength of Polymer Resin Grout with Fly Ash
Authors: Mohammed Nuria S. , Abd Rahman Ahmed Baharuddin , Khalid Nur Hafizah A. , Ahmed Musaab
Published: September 2015

Polymer resin grout can be used as bonding material for grouted sleeve connections This paper presents the experimental results on the effectiveness of fly ash as micro filler to the splitting tensile strength of polymer grout. In addition, the cement grout that is usually used as bonding material had been tested for comparison. Eleven proportions, of fly ash as the filler and polymer as binder, were tested with the binder to filler volume ratios of 1:1 and 1:1.5. The test results revealed that fly ash can be used as a micro-filler material to partially replace ordinary river sand in polymer resin grout. The splitting tensile strength of the polymer grout increases with the increase of fly ash contents. However, for higher level of fly ash of more than 22%, the splitting tensile strength deteriorated. For binder: filler ratio of 1:1, the optimum fly ash content of 22% gave the maximum splitting strength of 17.62 MPa, which can be considered acceptable for producing grout with high strength bonding material.
Thermal Analysis of a Solar Powered ORC in Libya
Authors: Mathkor Ratha Z. , Agnew Brian , Al-Weshahi Mohammed A. , Etaig Saleh
Published: September 2015

The paper presents a study of a thermal assessment of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) energized by heat absorbed from a parabolic trough collector (PTC) located in Derna, Libya. Both the ORC and PTC are modeled using the IPSEpro software. The simulation results are used to evaluate the system performance using energy and exergy analysis. The study showed the PTC collector was the main contributor of the energy and exergy losses within the PTC system and the evaporator within in the ORC. At this specific weather conditions, the ORC was able to produce about 3 MW electrical powers from the powered PTC heat. Moreover, exergy efficiency of the PTC was 47.7 %, the heat engine was 23.3 % and for the overall system (PTC and ORC) was 11.1 %.
Method of Heat Balances for Calculating Heat Transfer in Flat Multilayer Nanostructures
Authors: Khvesyuk Vladimir I. , Vorobyov Denis A.
Published: September 2015

We suggest method of calculation of one-dimensional temperature field in multilayer nanostructures. Our method allows obtaining non-stationary temperature distribution in the periodical and non-periodical spatial structures with a different degree of periodicity. Comparison temperature distributions in the multilayer nanostructures and equivalent continuous samples are performed in this study. In addition we suggest experimental application of our method for estimation an average value of thermal Kapitza resistance.
Circulation Effectiveness of Working Fluid in Inclined Micro Heat Pipes
Authors: Chang Fun Liang , Hung Yew Mun
Published: September 2015

Micro heat pipe is a two-phase heat transfer device offering effective high heat-flux removal in electronics cooling. Essentially, micro heat pipe relies on the phase change processes, namely evaporation and condensation, and the circulation of working fluid to function as heat transfer equipment. The vast applications of micro heat pipe in portable appliances necessitate its functionality under different orientations with respect to gravity. Therefore, its thermal performance is strongly related to its orientation. By incorporating solid wall conduction, together with the continuity, momentum, and energy equations of the working fluid, a mathematical model is developed to investigate the heat and fluid flow characteristics of inclined micro heat pipes. We investigate both the favorable and adverse effects of gravity on the circulation rate which is intimately related to the thermal performance of micro heat pipes. The effects of gravity, through the angle of inclination, on the circulation strength and heat transport capacity are analysed. This study serves as a useful analytical tool in the micro heat pipe design and performance analysis, associated with different inclinations and operating conditions.
Numerical Procedure for LMTD Correction Factor Calculation for One Tube and One Shell Pass Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers
Authors: Neves Teixeira Flávio , Monteiro Guimarães Luiz Gustavo , dos Santos Guzella Matheus , Cabezas-Gómez Luben , Antônio da Silva José
Published: September 2015

This paper outlines the application of a numerical procedure to compute the LMTD correction factor for one tube pass and one shell pass, namely 1-1, shell-and-tube heat exchangers. Although the procedure was applied for this specific arrangement, it can easily be applied to different heat exchanger arrangements. The numerical methodology is based on an association of ε-NTU and LMTD approaches introduced by Kays and London (1998). Unlike other shell-and-tube heat exchanger arrangements, such as one tube pass and two shell pass, no available analytical expression in closed form is available in the literature. Hence, the presented numerical procedure is applied to determine the LMTD correction factor for 1-1 shell-and-tube heat exchangers and numerical results were obtained by increasing the number of baffles (1, 3, 7, 9, 19 and 49), in order to analyze the obtained results. Finally, charts for the LMTD correction factor is presented as a function of two dimensionless parameters, namely P and R.
Development of a Plasma-Dump Combustor for VOC Destruction
Authors: Chun Young Nam , Kim Eun Hyuk , Lim Mun Sup , Cheon Woo Il
Published: September 2015

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are gases with low calorific values produced from the painting or drying process whose stable combustion cannot be ensured by direct combustion. In this study, a novel plasma-dump combustor was proposed to remove the VOCs. The combustor is combined the concept of a plasma burner, a dump combustor and a 3D matrix burner. Therefore, it can achieve high destruction with low input energy and stable flame at low temperature.The toluene was used as a representative VOC. The toluene reduction characteristic was examined according to the total gas feed, toluene concentration, dump injector position, and 3D matrix heat accumulator. The toluene decomposition efficiency was 99.5%, and the energy efficiency was 447.2 g/kWh was at the optimum operating conditions.
Natural Convection for Air and Molten Gallium in Square- and Elbow-Shaped Enclosures
Authors: Evren-Selamet Emel , Selamet Ahmet
Published: September 2015

Natural convection flow of air and molten gallium in square and elbow-shaped enclosures is studied by a two-dimensional numerical scheme developed by the lead author. The dependence of the flow field and Nusselt number (Nu) on the Rayleigh (Ra) and Prandtl (Pr) numbers is examined in both enclosures. Results are obtained with sufficiently large Rayleigh numbers to observe transition from steady to damped or undamped oscillatory, and chaotic flow. Constant and oscillatory heat transfer rates are compared in both enclosures for air (Pr=0.71) and molten gallium (Pr=0.024).
Numerical Simulation of Turbulent Thermal Fluid in Tee Water Duct Cooled Nuclear Reactor
Authors: Saidi Fethi , Aounallah Mohammed , Belkadi Mustapha , Adjlout Lahouari , Imine Omar
Published: September 2015

The turbulent and thermal mixing in a vertically oriented T-junction is investigated numerically using ANSYS FLUENT software. By taking account the buoyancy forces, a steady state three-dimensional turbulent flow is considered with a Reynolds number of 0.4×105 at the cold inlet and 3.3×105 at the hot entrance. The k-ε standard model with standard wall function is chosen to provide closure for the Reynolds stress tensor. The numerical results presented in the form of velocity vectors field and contours of temperature distribution gave a good prediction of the dynamic and the thermal fields namely in the mixing region where a reversed flow is captured.
Cooling Profile Analysis of Hot Strip Coil Using Finite Volume Method
Authors: Chakraborty Subhamita , Datta Shubhabrata , Mukherjea Sujay Kumar , Chattopadhyay Partha Protim
Published: September 2015

To get the low temperature transformation product of austenite, study of cooling behavior of coil is essential. Temperature distribution profile of the hot strip coil has been determined by using finite volume method (FVM) vis-à-vis finite difference method (FDM). It has been demonstrated that FVM offer greater computational reliability in estimation of contact pressure distribution and hence the temperature distribution for curved and irregular profiles, owing to the flexibility in selection of grid geometry and discrete point position, Moreover, use of finite volume concept allows enforcing the conservation of mass, momentum and energy, leading to enhanced accuracy of prediction.
A W-Band Dual-Mode Band-Pass Filter Based on LTCC Technology
Authors: Wang Zhi Gang , Ding Hao
Published: September 2015

In this paper, a W-band dual-mode substrate integrated cavity fourth-order band-pass filter is presented, which utilizes LTCC technology. The filter is composed of two dual-mode resonators which are constructed by rows of via arrays in the substrate layer. Two coupling vias near particular diagonal corners are set to perturb the two degenerate modes in each cavity and thus to generate an intra-cavity coupling. The filter exhibits 3dB bandwidth about 2.4GHz, return loss better than 19dB and out of band rejection better than 30dB. The filter occupies the area of 3.752mm4.064mm (including the two feeding lines) in the LTCC substrate.
A Neural Based Fuzzy Logic Model to Determine Corrosion Rate for Carbon Steel Subject to Corrosion under Insulation
Authors: Khan Muhammad Mohsin , Mokhtar Ainul Akmar , Hussin Hilmi
Published: September 2015

One of the most common external corrosion failures in petroleum and power industry is due to corrosion under insulation (CUI). The difficulty in corrosion monitoring has contributed to the scarcity of corrosion rate data to be used in Risk-Based Inspection (RBI) analysis for degradation mechanism due to CUI. Limited data for CUI presented in American Petroleum Institute standard, (API 581) reflected some uncertainty for both stainless steels and carbon steels which limits the use of the data for quantitative RBI analysis. The objective of this paper is to present an adaptive neural based fuzzy model to estimate CUI corrosion rate of carbon steel based on the API data. The simulation reveals that the model successfully predict the corrosion rates against the values given by API 581 with a mean absolute deviation ( MAD ) value of 0.0005, within that the model is also providing its outcomes for those values even for which API 581 has not given its results. The results from this model would provide the engineers to do necessary inferences in a more quantitative approach.
New Test System of Infrared Earth Sensor
Authors: Zhang Xiao Long , Li Fan , Zhao Jian Hui
Published: September 2015

Infrared earth sensor is one of the key components of satellite attitude measurement system. During the research, infrared earth wave tests signal source to provide power source (hereinafter referred to as Earth-wave signal source. That is involved in the experiment of control system, which contains open, closed, veneer and the whole system to complete the ground testing and calibration of infrared earth sensor. According to the testing requirements of infrared earth sensor, a new test system based on PXI bus is designed. This new test system consists of hardware and software systems, which controls the generation of earth wave signal, completes data acquisition and analysis, and achieves the ground testing calibration. It has advantages including high precision, full function and strong compatibility, which completes calibration of infrared earth sensor ground testing and improves the precision and efficiency.
Experimental Measurements of Pressure Losses in the Inter-Turbine Duct of a Gas Turbine
Authors: Cuciumita Cleopatra Florentina , Olaru Daniel , Vilag Valeriu , Porumbel Ionut , Riznyk Sergiy , Khomylyev Sergiy
Published: September 2015

The paper presents the total pressure experimental measurements carried out at the Romanian Research and Development Institute for Gas Turbines COMOTI in order to determine the total pressure losses in the Inter - Turbine Duct of a two spools gas turbine, as a function of the gas turbine operating regime (mass flow rate) and rotational speed. The Inter - Turbine Duct experimental assembly has been designed, manufactured and tested at COMOTI. The total pressures were measured as a function of the pre-swirling angle, which simulates the influence of the high pressure turbine rotational speed located upstream of the Inter turbine duct in the real gas turbine, as well as for three operational regimes, without the pre-swirlers modules. The results indicate that the total pressure loss along the Inter - Turbine Duct is of maximum 0.9 %. The lowest overall total pressure loss occurs at 0o pre-swirling angle, around 0.8%, while along the ITD struts, the lowest pressure loss is obtained for a 15o pre-swirling, below 0.1%. The influence of the operating regime on the total pressure loss was found to be linearly, the pressure loss increasing with the reduced mass flow rate, between 1% and 1.9% overall, and between about 0.1% and 0.4 % along the struts.
Using Infrared Thermograph of Chip Temperature to Monitor Cutting Edge Performance
Authors: Alajmi M.S. , Oraby S.E.
Published: September 2015

Recently, the need arises for new machining inprocess techniques to monitor and/or control machining systems. Due to the introduction of digital thermal noncontact cameras, it becomes possible to assess the chip temperature hence, to evaluate the possible relation between edge performance and variation within such temperature. A noncontact infrared thermal camera is mounted on a turning lathe carriage to record the cutting temperatures as cutting speed and feed vary using both coated and uncoated carbide inserts. Temperatures gradient, along with the relevant SEM micrographs, are analyzed for possible correlation with both regular and irregular cutting edge deformation. While cutting speed proved not to be an influential parameter on the depicted temperatures, feed increase tends to lower cutting temperatures. Generally, it is observed that lower heat and temperatures are generated when coated inserts are employed. It is found that cutting temperatures are gradually increased as edge wear and deformation develop.
DFT/TD-DFT Studies on the Lawsone (Henna) as a Photosensitizer for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Han May Win , Ekanayake Piyasiri , Ming Lim Chee , Yoong Voo Nyuk
Published: September 2015

In this study, the parameters of the photo-electrochemical properties, such as the ground state geometries, excitation energy, electronic structures, optical properties and electronics transition of lawsone were investigated by using density functional theory ( DFT ) and time dependent - DFT with B3LYP/6-31G( d) method. The solvent effect was considered in the DFT calculations and compared with the value of vacuum. From the analyses of electronic and optical properties, it is found that the lawsone satisfy the condition for good conversion efficiency as DSSCs device.
Sea Bed Logging Applications: Predicting Hydrocarbon Depth Using Mathematical Equations
Authors: Daud Hanita , Razali Radzuan , Asirvadam Vijanth
Published: September 2015

The aim of this research is to develop 1-D mathematical equation that relates Normalized mean Square Error (NMSE) to depth of hydrocarbon (HC) for data processed using cubic spline interpolation in sea bed logging (SBL) application. Simulations were conducted using CST software that replicated real SBL environment to generate synthetic data. Frequency of 0.25Hz was used and sediment thicknesses were varied from 1000m to 3000m and incremented at every 250m. Data collected were interpolated using cubic spline and NMSE were calculated between original and interpolated data. Mathematical equation that relates NMSE (y) and depth of hydrocarbon (x) was constructed in terms of linear, exponential, logarithm and polynomial degree 2, 3, 4 and R2 were calculated for each equation. Mathematical equation using exponential function was adopted because it has reasonably high R2 and can be inversed easily. Average percentage error was calculated between calculated and measured data to achieve 5 % or lower values. If achievable, this model was accepted as forward mathematical model for SBL. Otherwise, the coefficients were adjusted and the processes repeated until minimum average error was achieved.
Intelligent Diagnostic of Induction Machine for Faults Detection and Classification Using Wavelet and Fuzzy Inference
Authors: Bourdim Samia , Hemsas Kamel Eddine , Harbouche Youcef
Published: September 2015

An intelligent diagnostic method based on 3-D plot continuous wavelet transform (3-D plot CWT) and fuzzy inference system is presented to investigate the detectability and classification of rotor broken bars faults in induction machine (IM) and to overcome the limitation of classical Fourier Transform (FT). This approach is successfully used with Motor Current Signature Analysis (MCSA) and suitable developed model of IM in healthy and faulty mode using Matlab environment. As first step we performed new results using 3-D plot CWT to extract the discriminating features. The features extracted from the wavelet transformed signal are the second most predominant frequency, the time range at which it occurs and the corresponding wavelet coefficients .Then as second and last step a fuzzy Inference system is designed and implemented using Matlab software with these three features extracted from the wavelet transformed signal as inputs and generates an output that classifies the fault and no fault conditions. It is observed that the results are satisfactory.
Control Valve Fault Detection Based on Acoustic Emission Signal
Authors: Juhani Juwita Mad , Ibrahim R. , Mohd Shukri Intan Najiha
Published: September 2015

The control valve is one of the fundamental components in the process control industry. It controls the flow rate of elements whether in the form of liquid or gas. The current method of control valve monitoring is done according to schedule. This requires the whole system to be shut down, and leak tests are done while the control valves are fully closed. This research attempts to find faults even while the control valve is open. Severe damage of the control valve would interrupt process which in turn could lead to plant breakdown. If this occurs, production would be interrupted. This problem motivates this research towards early detection of control valve fault. Acoustic emission (AE) method is one of the popular techniques for fault detection. This project applies the AE technique to monitor control valves’ leakage in several stages of damage; minor damage, critical damage, damaged and severe damage.
Verification of Faulty Mechanism for Fan-Out Wafer Level Package Using Numerical Analysis
Authors: Yoon Hyung Seok , Jeon Insu
Published: September 2015

The manufactures of the ultra-thin and smaller semiconductor chip are required over the portable electric devices. The investigation of Fan-out wafer level package (FOWLP) is used widely, among the performance improvement and miniaturization technologies. In this paper, we obtained lots of crack near the passivation (PSV) and redistributed layer (RDL) region of FOWLP during the reliability evaluation of thermal cycling test (TCT). The generated stress and deformational behavior was observed through 2D finite-element analysis. The concentrated stress and deformational behavior are observed around the Solder ball edge and RDL & PSV edges. The crack was observed experimentally as well. The verification of the mechanism for crack generation and the validity of the finite-element analysis were verified by the structural analysis.
Model Predictive Control for Tendon-Driven Balloon Actuator under Constraints on Simulation
Authors: Nagase Jun Ya , Hamada Kazuki , Satoh Toshiyuki , Saga Norihiko
Published: September 2015

Many pneumatic actuators have been developed in order to be lightweight with high output for decreasing impact force. So far, a pneumatic tendon-driven balloon actuator (balloon actuator) which is compact and lightweight has been developed for a robot hand and a rehabilitation device. However, for pneumatic actuator, it is difficult to maintain exact control because these actuators have constraints. For this study, we developed a stroke control system for a balloon actuator using a constrained model predictive control (MPC) scheme that can consider constraints of the plant output. As described in this paper, we compared and evaluated the control performance using MPC and PID.
Hardware-in-the-Loop Test Platform Design for UAV Applications
Authors: Atlas Emre , Erdoğan Melike Irem , Ertin Onur Baki , Güçlü Anıl , Saygi Yusuf Eren , Kaynak Ünver , Kasnakoğlu Coşku
Published: September 2015

A hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) platform for unmanned air vehicle (UAV) systems is designed that demonstrates flight attitudes on yaw, pitch and roll axes. The design combines a sophisticated flight simulation software with a platform capable of moving 360 degrees on all axes. This enables the testing of the flight sensors and autopilot algorithms for all sorts of scenarios including emergency and acrobatic cases where an indefinite number of full rotations in the yaw, roll and pitch might take place.
KSU-IMR Mobile Robot Navigation Maps Building and Learning
Authors: Mattar Ebrahim , Al Mutib K. , AlSulaiman M. , Ramdane Hedjar
Published: September 2015

It is essential to learn a robot navigation environment. We describe research outcomes for KSU-IMR mapping and intelligence. This is for navigating and robot behavior learning. The mobile maps learning and intelligence was based on hybrid paradigms and AI functionaries. Intelligence was based on ANN-PCA for dimensionality reduction, and Neuro-Fuzzy architecture.
Modeling and Control of a Robot Arm on a Two Wheeled Moving Platform
Authors: Onkol Mert , Kasnakoğlu Coşku
Published: September 2015

In this paper, the derivation of dynamic model of a robot arm on a two wheeled moving platform, and design of controllers to stabilize the robot arm are presented. The modeling of two wheeled moving platform is conducted through Simmechanics® toolbox of Matlab® software. Considered control approaches are PID control and linear quadratic gaussian (LGQ) for the dynamic system. The controllers are designed by using linearized model devised from Simmechanics®. Simulation studies are discussed. Control approaches are compared in detail in terms of tracking precision, quality of control signal. The aims of this study are derivation of linearized model for designing controllers, and determining the most appropriate controller for the real time system.
The Design of a Multifunctional Remote-Control Intelligent Vehicle Based on STC89C52
Authors: Wang Ji Hui , Cui En Chang
Published: September 2015

The kind of intelligent tracking vehicle is designed by STC89C52 as the main control chip, combined with DC motors, multiple infrared sensors, Bluetooth remote control, and other peripheral circuits. The intelligent vehicle can walk along black trajectory. Its speed can be monitored and its state of motion can be changed by remote control. The experiment shows the entire body design is sensitive, accurate control, system stability, and achieves the desired objectives.
Synthesis of Seven-Bar Linkage with Two DOF for Body Guidance
Authors: Chung Wen Yeuan
Published: September 2015

A linkage with seven links for the task of body guidance is proposed and evaluated. This linkage has two degrees of freedom and is consisted of a four-bar linkage, a dyad, and a floating link. The analysis reveals that at most eleven positions can be prescribed if the linkage is equipped with two actuators. The constituent four-bar linkage and the dyad can be separately synthesized by using well-developed techniques for synthesizing four-bar linkages. Each of them can satisfy five prescribed points together with four swing angles so that this seven-bar linkage can be driven by a single actuator after modification by adding gears. Problems of order defects, branch defects and ratios of link lengths are all considered to ensure the applicability of the synthesized linkages.
A Clustering and Outlier Detection Scheme for Robust Parametric Model Estimation for Plane Fitting
Authors: Verma Rachna , Verma Arvind Kumar
Published: September 2015

Extraction of geometric information and reconstruction of a parametric model from the data points captured by various sensors or generated by various image preprocessing algorithms is a vital research issue for many computer vision and robotics applications. The aim is to reconstruct 3D objects, consisting of planar patches, in a scene from its point cloud captured by a sensor set. A reconstructed scene has many applications such as stereo vision, robot navigation, medical imaging, etc. Unfortunately, the captured point cloud often gets corrupted due to sensor errors/malfunctioning and preprocessing algorithms. The corrupted data pose difficulty in accurate estimation of underlying geometric model parameters. In this paper, a new algorithm has been proposed to efficiently and accurately estimate the model parameters in heavily corrupted data points. The method is based on forming clusters of estimated planes with reference to a fixed plane. Clustering is accomplished on the basis of angles and distances of estimated planes from the reference plane. The proposed method is implemented over a wide range of data points. It is a robust technique and observed to outperform the widely used RANSAC algorithm in terms of accuracy and computational efficiency.
The Impact of Different Direct-Driving Motor Design on Swivel Spindle Head
Authors: Chen Shao Hsien , Hsu Chin Mou , Chiu Kuo Lin , Chan Chu Peng
Published: September 2015

Swivel spindle head is a key component used in gantry type five-axis machine tool of high performance and is of great importance in its application and design. Nowadays, more and more components are manufactured by high precision CNC machine tools, such as components of spaceflight, renewable energy and automobile, etc. Therefore, high precision machine tools of multiple axes are more and more urgently demanded, while dual axis rotary head is one of the most important components for a multi-axis machine tool. Hence, it will be a key to develop dual axis spindle head that meets high precision needs. The study explores the highly responsive direct-driving motor able to drive the spindle head to rotate with multi-driving rotary technology. The dual-driving motor rotates via multi-driving units, generates torsion that magnifies and eliminates its clearance, and then drives the spindle head to rotate. Results of the test show that the completed machine tool can meet the standards of dual axis rotary head with high precision in, no matter, speed, distance, positional accuracy, repeated accuracy or maximum torque, etc.
Stability Control of Electric Vehicles with Two-Motor-Wheel Drive
Authors: Khessam Medjdoub , Hazzab Abdeldejbar , Boucha Abdellah
Published: September 2015

This paper present the ordering of an electric vehicle EV at two driving wheels postpones by DTC and FDTC. This order is based on two estimators to control flux and the couple. The principal advantages of the FDTC are the speed of the dynamic response of couple and the weak dependence with respect to the parameters of the machine, as well as the simplicity of implementation in real time. This order is well adapted for the systems of electric traction.
Investigation of Relation between Straightness and Cutting Force in CNC Turning Process
Authors: Shansungnoen Thararath , Tangjitsitcharoen Somkiat
Published: September 2015

The objective of this research is to examine the relation between the straightness and the cutting force ratio during the CNC turning process. The cutting force is monitored and obtained by installing the dynamometer on the turret of CNC turning machine. The relation between the cutting force ratio and the straightness is investigated under the various cutting conditions, which are the cutting speed, the feed rate, the depth of cut, the tool nose radius and the rake angle. The experimentally obtained results showed that the straightness can be improved with an increase in cutting speed, tool nose radius and rake angle. The relation between the dynamic cutting force and straightness profile can be proved by checking the frequency of the cutting force in frequency domain with the use of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), which is the same as the straightness profile. Hence, the cutting force ratio can be used to predict the straightness during the cutting regardless of the cutting conditions. The cutting force ratio is proposed to predict the straightness during turning process by employing the exponential function for the sake of straightness. The multiple regression analysis has been utilized to calculate the regression coefficients of the in-process prediction of straightness model by using the least square method at 95% confident level. It has been proved by the cutting tests that the in-process straightness can be predicted during the cutting within ±10% measured straightness with the high accuracy of 91.85%.
Simulation of Closed Loop Electro-Hydraulic Actuator Using PID Based on AMESim
Authors: Qaiser Mehmood
Published: September 2015

Electro-hydraulic actuators are widely used in motion control application. Position control using hydraulic systems is widely applied in several engineering fields. However, their design is not a simple task since it is necessary to observe their behavior according to control theory.This paper represents an implementation of motion control of electro-hydraulic actuator by using PID controller. The objective of this study was to obtain Physical model of an electro-hydraulic actuator using system identification technique by estimating model using AMESim and provide the electro-hydraulic system which depends the hydraulic actuators to meet the motion control system demands.The physical model of electro-hydraulic actuator is established; it was modeled and simulated by using advanced performance modeling and simulation environment AMESim. It is shown that using AMESim to model and simulate performance more directly and veritably, and can complete the design task accurately and quickly.
Kinematics Optimization of a 3-SPS Parallel Redundant Motion Mechanism Using Conformal Geometric Algebra
Authors: Park Jahng Hyon , Kim Jeseok , Jeong Jin Han
Published: September 2015

In this paper, an actuation mechanism for high-speed aiming of a target is proposed. The mechanism is a 3DOF-SPS (spherical-prismatic-spherical) parallel manipulator and can be used for a missile defense system with a fast reaction time. This type of parallel mechanism has high rigidity against external disturbances and accordingly high stiffness and precision. The target aiming requires 2 degrees of freedom and this 3 DOF mechanism has one redundancy. For fast manipulation of the proposed mechanism, the redundancy can be exploited and an optimal solution can be found out of the infinite number of inverse kinematic solutions. For finding a near time-optimal solution, a cost function is formulated considering displacement of each parallel link and an optimization technique is used for solution of the inverse kinematic problem.