bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphological Transformation and Star Formation Quenching of Massive Galaxies at 0.5 ≤ z ≤ 2.5 in 3D-HST/CANDELS
Authors: Liu Shuang , Gu Yizhou , Yuan Qirong , Lu Shiying , Bao Min , Fang Guanwen , Fan Lulu
Published: December 2021

To figure out the effect of stellar mass and local environment on morphological transformation and star formation quenching in galaxies, we use the massive (M
* ≥ 1010
M
⊙) galaxies at 0.5 ≤ z ≤ 2.5 in five fields of 3D-HST/CANDELS. Based on the UVJ diagnosis and the possibility of possessing a spheroid, our sample of massive galaxies is classified into four populations: quiescent early-type galaxies (qEs), quiescent late-type galaxies (qLs), star-forming early-type galaxies (sEs), and star-forming late-type galaxies (sLs). It is found that the quiescent fraction is significantly elevated at the high ends of mass and local environmental overdensity, which suggests a clear dependence of quenching on both mass and local environment. Over cosmic time, the mass dependence of galaxy quiescence decreases while the local environment dependence increases. The early-type fraction is found to be larger only at the high-mass end, indicating an evident mass dependence of morphological transformation. This mass dependence becomes more significant at lower redshifts. Among the four populations, the fraction of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the qLs peaks at 2 < z ≤ 2.5, and rapidly declines with cosmic time. The sEs are found to have higher AGN fractions of 20%–30% at 0.5 ≤ z < 2 . The redshift evolution of AGN fractions in the qLs and sEs suggests that AGN feedback could have played important roles in the formation of the qLs and sEs.
On the Co-orbitation of Satellite Galaxies along the Great Plane of Andromeda: NGC 147, NGC 185, and Expectations from Cosmological Simulations
Authors: Pawlowski Marcel S. , Tony Sohn Sangmo
Published: December 2021

Half of the satellite galaxies of Andromeda form a narrow plane termed the Great Plane of Andromeda (GPoA), and their line-of-sight velocities display a correlation reminiscent of a rotating structure. Recently reported first proper-motion measurements for the on-plane satellites NGC 147 and NGC 185 indicate that they indeed co-orbit along the GPoA. This provides a novel opportunity to compare the M31 satellite system to ΛCDM expectations. We perform the first detailed comparison of the orbital alignment of two satellite galaxies beyond the Milky Way with several hydrodynamical and dark-matter-only cosmological simulations (Illustris TNG50, TNG100, ELVIS, and PhatELVIS) in the context of the Planes of Satellite Galaxies Problem. In line with previous works, we find that the spatial flattening and line-of-sight velocity correlation are already in substantial tension with ΛCDM, with none of the simulated analogs simultaneously reproducing both parameters. Almost none (3%–4%) of the simulated systems contain two satellites with orbital poles as well aligned with their satellite plane as indicated by the most likely proper motions of NGC 147 and NGC 185. However, within current measurement uncertainties, it is common (≈70%) that the two best-aligned satellites of simulated systems are consistent with the orbital alignment. Yet, the chance that any two simulated on-plane satellites have as well-aligned orbital poles as observed is low (≈4%). We conclude that confirmation of the tight orbital alignment for these two objects via improved measurements, or the discovery of similar alignments for additional GPoA members, holds the potential to further raise the tension with ΛCDM expectations.
The Spatial and Temporal Variations of Turbulence in a Solar Flare
Authors: Stores Morgan , Jeffrey Natasha L. S. , Kontar Eduard P.
Published: December 2021

Magnetohydrodynamic plasma turbulence is believed to play a vital role in the production of energetic electrons during solar flares, and the nonthermal broadening of spectral lines is a key sign of this turbulence. Here, we determine how flare turbulence evolves in time and space using spectral profiles of Fe xxiv, Fe xxiii, and Fe xvi, observed by the Hinode/EUV Imaging Spectrometer. Maps of nonthermal velocity are created for times covering the X-ray rise, peak, and decay. For the first time, the creation of kinetic energy density maps reveal where energy is available for energization, suggesting that similar levels of energy may be available to heat and/or accelerate electrons in large regions of the flare. We find that turbulence is distributed throughout the entire flare, often greatest in the coronal loop tops, and decaying at different rates at different locations. For hotter ions (Fe xxiv and Fe xxiii), the nonthermal velocity decreases as the flare evolves and during/after the X-ray peak shows a clear spatial variation decreasing linearly from the loop apex toward the ribbon. For the cooler ion (Fe xvi), the nonthermal velocity remains relativity constant throughout the flare, but steeply increases in one region corresponding to the southern ribbon, peaking just prior to the peak in hard X-rays before declining. The results suggest turbulence has a more complex temporal and spatial structure than previously assumed, while newly introduced turbulent kinetic energy maps show the availability of the energy and identify important spatial inhomogeneities in the macroscopic plasma motions leading to turbulence.
General Circulation Model Errors Are Variable across Exoclimate Parameter Spaces
Authors: Kopparla Pushkar , Deitrick Russell , Heng Kevin , Mendonça João M. , Hammond Mark
Published: December 2021

General circulation models (GCMs) are often used to explore exoclimate parameter spaces and classify atmospheric circulation regimes. Models are tuned to give reasonable climate states for standard test cases, such as the Held–Suarez test, and then used to simulate diverse exoclimates by varying input parameters such as rotation rates, instellation, atmospheric optical properties, frictional timescales, and so on. In such studies, there is an implicit assumption that the model works reasonably well for the standard test case will be credible at all points in an arbitrarily wide parameter space. Here, we test this assumption using the open-source GCM THOR to simulate atmospheric circulation on tidally locked Earth-like planets with rotation periods of 0.1–100 days. We find that the model error, as quantified by the ratio between physical and spurious numerical contributions to the angular momentum balance, is extremely variable across this range of rotation periods with some cases where numerical errors are the dominant component. Increasing model grid resolution does improve errors, but using a higher-order numerical diffusion scheme can sometimes magnify errors for finite-volume dynamical solvers. We further show that to minimize error and make the angular momentum balance more physical within our model, the surface friction timescale must be smaller than the rotational timescale.
Molecular Gas within the Milky Way's Nuclear Wind
Authors: Cashman Frances H. , Fox Andrew J. , Savage Blair D. , Wakker Bart P. , Krishnarao Dhanesh , Benjamin Robert A. , Richter Philipp , Ashley Trisha , Jenkins Edward B. , Lockman Felix J. , Bordoloi Rongmon , Kim Tae-Sun
Published: December 2021

We report the first direct detection of molecular hydrogen associated with the Galactic nuclear wind. The Far-Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer spectrum of LS 4825, a B1 Ib–II star at l, b = 1.67°,−6.63° lying d = 9.9

−
0.8

+
1.4

kpc from the Sun, ∼1 kpc below the Galactic plane near the Galactic center, shows two high-velocity H2 components at v
LSR = −79 and −108 km s−1. In contrast, the FUSE spectrum of the nearby (∼0.6° away) foreground star HD 167402 at d = 4.9

−
0.7

+
0.8

kpc reveals no H2 absorption at these velocities. Over 60 lines of H2 from rotational levels J = 0 to 5 are identified in the high-velocity clouds. For the v
LSR = −79 km s−1 cloud we measure total log N(H2) ≥ 16.75 cm−2, molecular fraction

f

H

2

≥ 0.8%, and T
01 ≥ 97 and T
25 ≤ 439 K for the ground- and excited-state rotational excitation temperatures. At v
LSR = −108 km s−1, we measure log N(H2) = 16.13 ± 0.10 cm−2,

f

H

2

≥ 0.5%, and T
01 = 77

−
18

+
34

and T
25 = 1092

−
117

+
149

K, for which the excited-state ortho- to para-H2 is

1.0

−
0.1

+
0.3

, much less than the equilibrium value of 3 expected for gas at this temperature. This nonequilibrium ratio suggests that the −108 km s−1 cloud has been recently excited and has not yet had time to equilibrate. As the LS 4825 sight line passes close by a tilted section of the Galactic disk, we propose that we are probing a boundary region where the nuclear wind is removing gas from the disk.
Development of a Decision-Making Approach for Mass Deworming Campaigns on Intestinal Parasites among Primary School Children in Egypt
Authors: Hassan Noha Salah Abdelsamie , Radwan Ghada Nasr
Published: December 2021

Intestinal parasitic infections are widespread and cause considerable morbidity. Although mortality from such infections is low, most intestinal parasitic infections interfere with nutrition, growth, development and cognitive progress of children, in addition to interference with productivity and quality of life of adults.
 
Study Aim: Reduction of intestinal parasites prevalence among primary school children.
 
Methods: this is a three-phased study;

Desk review on current prevention and control methods including mass deworming in the light of global guidelines.
Cross-sectional field study on 522 school children from 8 Governorates, and interviews with 168 members of the health team running the deworming campaign at these Governorates in 2017.
Development of decision making approach to guide future consideration of mass deworming campaigns

 
Results:
National mass deworming campaigns were effective in reducing prevalence of intestinal worms among primary school children in Egypt, and provided a nationwide awareness on the issue. However, unless these campaigns are combined with sustainable measures of clean drinking water, sewage disposal in schools and households the success of these campaigns in reducing intestinal worms' prevalence will be transient.
 
Conclusion and Recommendations:
The national mass deworming campaigns ranged an alarm bell in the community about dangers of intestinal parasites. However, it's recommended to include other susceptible groups like preschool children, adolescent girls and women of childbearing age while focusing the deworming only on infected individuals. It's also recommended to convert the deworming campaigns into a program to ensure sustainability of resources and continuous monitoring and evaluation of intestinal parasitic burden among populations at risk.
 
Key Words:
Intestinal Parasites – Primary School Children – Mass Deworming Campaigns – Egypt
Abdominal Stretching as a Therapy for Dysmenorrhea
Authors: Rejeki Sri , Yuliani Pratama Fariz , Ernawati Ernawati , Yanto Arief , Soesanto Edy , Pranata Satriya
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: Dysmenorrhea is pain during the menstrual period caused by uterine muscle cramps. The Dysmenorrhea prevalence in Indonesia is categorized as high at 64.25%. The dysmenorrhea symptom could be very disruptive and even decrease women’s productivity. Related to this problem, abdominal stretching is one of the alternatives to reduce pain from dysmenorrhea. AIM: This research was aimed to find out the effect of abdominal stretching on the pain intensity of menstrual cramps. METHODS: It was a quasi-experimental research with a pre-test post-test control group design. The sample was 130 female adolescents that were taken by total sampling. The sample was divided into two groups, which were the intervention group and the control group. RESULTS: The research finding, with a 0.000 (p < 0.005) significance value was obtained by using the Wilcoxon test. CONCLUSION: It means abdominal stretching exercise is significantly effective to reduce pain intensity from menstrual cramps (dysmenorrhea) in female adolescents. It is suggested to implement abdominal stretching as nursing care for menstrual cramps.
The Use of Bioacoustic Stimulation of the Respiratory System in Complex Medical Rehabilitation at a Health Resort Facility for Patients who have had COVID-associated Pneumonia
Authors: Bragin Mikhail , Goloborodko Evgeny , Erofeev Gennady , Razinkin Sergey , Sukhinin Alexey Vladimirovich , Kish Anna , Mikhlik Irina , Zolotareva Ksenia Vladimirovna
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the relevance of rehabilitation measures for patients with COVID-associated pneumonia has increased.

AIM: The study aimed to review the effect of bioacoustic stimulation of the respiratory system (BSRS) with high-intensity low-frequency sounds on the dynamics of functional indicators of the respiratory system and the cardiovascular system, as well as indicators of psychoemotional and somatic states, the severity of post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD) and cognitive capabilities in patients who have had COVID-associated pneumonia in the process of their medical rehabilitation at a health resort immediately after treatment of the disease in a hospital.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The randomized controlled open parallel prospective clinical study involved 28 patients undergoing medical rehabilitation after suffering moderate to severe COVID-19 complicated by community-acquired bilateral polysegmental pneumonia (COVID-associated pneumonia) of moderate to severe severity. Spirometry, pulse oximetry, compression oscillometry, bioelectrography, Mississippi Scale (civil version), and cognitive speed test were used to assess the functional parameters of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, as well as indicators of psychoemotional and somatic states, the intensity of PTSD and cognitive abilities of patients before and after the course of rehabilitation measures.

RESULTS: According to significant differences in changes in the indexes of external respiration, cardiac activity, psychological status, and the intensity of PTSD in patients of the main and control groups before and after a course of rehabilitation measures, it has been reliably established that the use of BSRS as a part of a complex of rehabilitation measures significantly increases the effectiveness of medical rehabilitation at a health resort for patients after COVID-associated pneumonia.

CONCLUSION: The possibility and feasibility of using medical technology of BSRS with high-intensity low-frequency sound in complex medical rehabilitation of patients after COVID-associated pneumonia at the health resort stage have been scientifically substantiated.
Dipteris shenzhenensis, a new endangered species of Dipteridaceae from Shenzhen, southern China
Authors: Wei Zuo-Ying , Gu Yu-Feng , Xia Zeng-Qiang , Chen Li-Jun , Wang Ting , Zhang Shou-Zhou , Zhao Guo-Hua , Chen Jian-Bing , Cao Jian-Guo , Yan Yue-Hong
Published: December 2021

Dipteris shenzhenensis, a new species of ferns from Shenzhen, Guangdong, southern China, is identified and described. It closely resembles D. chinensis but possesses several unique traits, such as long rhizome scales, castaneous stipe, and abaxially pale fronds with two fan-shaped fronds connected by a broad wing. Molecular evidence showed that D. shenzhenensis is allied to D. conjugata, whereas it has morphologically significant differences (P < 0.05) on the basis of quantitative trait statistical analysis. Overall, the morphological evidence, taken together with the result of cpDNA indicated that D. shenzhenensis is a distinct species.
First record of the genus Discorhabdella (Porifera, Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida, Crambeidae) from Sagami Bay, Japan with description of two new species
Authors: Ise Yuji , Vacelet Jean , Izumi Takato , Woo Sau Pinn , Tan Shau Hwai
Published: December 2021

Two new species of Discorhabdella are described from Sagami Bay, Japan. Discorhabdella has been suggested to have an ancient Tethyan origin according to discovery of their unique pseudoastrose acanthostyles from late Eocene to Oligocene deposits. This is the first record of the genus from the northwest Pacific and first record of the family Crambeidae from Japan. Discorhabdella hispidasp. nov. is distinctive within the genus by possession of special sigmoid microscleres and C-shaped isochelae with short alae. Discorhabdella misakiensissp. nov. is characterized by short choanosomal subtylostyles, and their length overlapped with that of the ectosomal subtylostyles. Only one other species, Discorhabdella tuberosocapitata (Topsent, 1890), has the same spicule composition. However, all spicule types are larger in D. tuberosocapitata than those of D. misakiensissp. nov., and the shape of the isochelae is different: the alae are more widely opened in D. tuberosocapitata. An identification key to species of the genus Discorhabdella is also provided. The discovery of two new species from warm temperate northwest Pacific extends the geographical distribution of the genus Discorhabdella.
Two new Cypridopsinae Kaufmann, 1900 (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from southern Africa
Authors: Szwarc Agata , Martens Koen , Namiotko Tadeusz
Published: December 2021

Two new Cypridopsinae ostracods, Potamocypris meissnerisp. nov. and Sarscypridopsis harundinetisp. nov. are described. Both were found only as asexual (all-female) populations in temporary waters of southern Africa. Potamocypris meissneri was collected from a small pan in the North-West Province of South Africa. It is approximately 0.5 mm long and belongs to the species group with long swimming setae on the second antennae. However, the species has a somewhat isolated position in the genus owing to the conspicuously reticulated carapace, which is furthermore densely covered by prominent conuli with normal pores carrying long sensilla, as well as to the wide anterior and posterior flanges on the left valve. To allow identification of the new species in relation to its closest congeners, a key to the species of the genus Potamocypris Brady, 1870 from southern Africa is provided. The genus Sarscypridopsis McKenzie, 1977 mostly has an Afrotropical distribution with only few species occurring in other regions. Sarscypridopsis harundineti was collected from floodplains of the outskirts of the Okavango Delta in Botswana. It is approximately 0.4 mm long and can be distinguished from congeners mainly by the smaller and more oval-shaped valves. We conclude that southern African Cypridopsinae urgently need integrated taxonomic revision, by means of both morphological characters and DNA-sequence data.
Patient Advocacy in the Community and Legislative Arena
Authors: Maryland Mary , Gonzalez Rose
Published: December 2021

Nurses have hundreds of patient experiences upon which to draw in order to impact public policy. It is our obligation to strengthen skills that enable us to influence public policy so we can better serve patients. This article provides examples of how nurses can translate their hands-on experience with patients into steps that will influence policy. We begin by describing advocacy and providing examples of how nurses can advocate in the community, specifically in economic matters and the educational and healthcare systems. Then we describe the process for advocating in the legislative arena. We conclude by noting that the public needs the voice of nursing in public policy and that now is the time to move forward to advocate for patients in these various arenas.
When the Business of Nursing was the Nursing Business: The Private Duty Registry System, 1900-1940
Authors: Whelan Jean
Published: December 2021

In the initial decades of the 20th century, most nurses worked in the private sector as private duty nurses dependent on their own resources for securing and obtaining employment with individual patients. To organize and systematize the ways in which nurses sought jobs, a structure of private duty registries, agencies which connected nurses with patients, was established via professional nurse associations. This article describes the origins of the private duty nurse labor market as the main employment field for early nurses and ways in which the private duty registry system connected nurses and patients. The impact of professional nurses associations and two registries, (New York and Chicago) illustrates how the business of nursing was carried out, including registry formation, operation, and administration. Private duty nurses are compelling examples of a previous generation of nurse entrepreneurs. The discussion identifies problems and challenges of private nursing practice via registries, including the decline and legacy of this innovative nurse role. The story of early 20th century nurse owned and operated registries provides an early and critical historical illustration of the realization of nurse power, entrepreneurship, and control over professional practice that we still learn from today.
Quelle légitimité pour le père ?
Authors: Houzel Didier
Published: December 2021

L’évolution de la législation française concernant les droits et devoirs des pères a été considérable depuis l’Ancien régime jusqu’à l’époque moderne. Dans quelle mesure dénote-t-elle une difficulté intrinsèque pour définir clairement le rôle du père dans la construction du monde interne de l’enfant ? Le modèle de la relation contenant/contenu de Bion est un progrès décisif pour comprendre comment l’enfant peut accéder à une activité de pensée à partir de ses sensations corporelles. Mais, dès la phase de relation dyadique mère/enfant, il faut admettre que le contenant n’est pas purement maternel et qu’il contient des éléments paternels hérités de l’identification de la mère à son père. Dans un second temps le couple parental servira de contenant au psychisme de l’enfant pour lui permettre une pleine autonomie et une accession à une sexualité adulte. Le père joue alors un rôle de garant des frontières de l’espace psychique de l’enfant, qui doivent être distinguées de celles des frontières de l’espace psychique de la mère et de celles du couple parental.
Un inceste enchanté
Authors: Chomy Lucien
Published: December 2021

Le film Peau d’âne de Jacques Demy immerge Aurore, une princesse poursuivie par le désir incestueux de son père, dans un bain féerique et merveilleux. L’auteur interroge ce renversement improbable qui consiste, dans un élan créateur ou thérapeutique, à contraindre la destructivité à la rêverie. Nous suivons les différentes étapes du parcours d’Aurore qui la conduisent à retrouver ses préoccupations infantiles dans le partage émotionnel avec une tierce personne. À partir de cette observation, l’auteur interroge la traversée de la jeune Marie dans différents dispositifs thérapeutiques — familial, individuel et groupal. C’est dans l’espace du groupe « contes », surchargé en éléments imaginaires, que l’enfant pourra accéder à ce partage émotionnel.
Retour d’expérience juridique sur l’urgence dans tous ses états
Authors: Gohin Olivier
Published: December 2021

La notion d’état d’urgence a évolué ces dernières années avec des approches juridiques plus élaborées, tenant compte de nouvelles contraintes de sécurité. La crise sanitaire de la Covid-19 l’a illustrée, introduisant des dispositions innovantes tout en préservant la liberté individuelle, fortement scrutée par le juge.
Stratégie de sécurité nationale : la nécessité de l’approche globale
Authors: Jounot Yann
Published: December 2021

La stratégie de sécurité nationale est un concept à la fois ancien et jeune, s’appuyant sur le besoin de protéger la nation et ses intérêts, et s’adaptant aux évolutions des menaces. Cela exige une approche globale, capable de fédérer tous les acteurs, y compris les citoyens, et de répondre aux défis de la complexité.
Pullback and forward dynamics of nonautonomous Laplacian lattice systems on weighted spaces
Authors: Han Xiaoying , Kloeden Peter E.
Published: December 2021

A nonautonomous lattice system with discrete Laplacian operator is revisited in the weighted space of infinite sequences \begin{document}$ {{\ell_{\rho}^2}} $\end{document}. First the existence of a pullback attractor in \begin{document}$ {{\ell_{\rho}^2}} $\end{document} is established by utilizing the dense inclusion of \begin{document}$ \ell^2 \subset {{\ell_{\rho}^2}} $\end{document}. Moreover, the pullback attractor is shown to consist of a singleton trajectory when the lattice system is uniformly strictly contracting. Then forward dynamics is investigated in terms of the existence of a nonempty compact forward omega limit set. A general class of weights for the sequence space are adopted, instead of particular types of weights often used in the literature. The analysis presented in this work is more direct compare with previous studies.
On second order mock theta function $ B(q) $
Authors: Kaur Harman , Rana Meenakshi
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we present some arithmetic properties for the second order mock theta function $ B(q) $ given by McIntosh as:

   \begin{document}$ B(q) = \sum\limits_{n = 0}^{\infty}\frac{q^n(-q;q^2)_n}{(q;q^2)_{n+1}}. $\end{document}
Necropolitics by Achille Mbembe: Extended Essay on the Book
Authors: Gržinić Marina
Published: December 2021

Necropolitics by Achille Mbembe takes us back to his seminal text on “Necropolitics” translated and published in the US in 2003. At this point, 40 years after Foucault’s Biopolitics, Mbembe was re-theorizing biopolitics through a necro (death) horizon, which turned out to be a robust conceptual shift from Western thought. Not much else is explicitly said about necropolitics in the titular book, which comes 17 years after the seminal text that had a significant impact on the theory and practice of philosophy, politics, anthropology, and esthetics. Mbembe presents the layers of forms, modes, and procedures of the necropolitical working through contemporary neoliberal global societies. It is therefore not surprising that Mbembe makes reference to theory in forms, form is the way to redefine or rephrase content, and “who should live and who must die” is currently the beginning. But how this is done in the 21st century, what are the methods and procedures to implement this central act in neoliberal global democracy —that is the task of this book.
«El rastro de mis hazañas os servirá de guía». Las partituras de Manuel Nieto y Manuel Fernández Caballero para el III centenario del Quijote de 1905 en el Teatro Real
Authors: García Torres Andrea
Published: December 2021

Este artículo examina las dos únicas partituras localizadas que se estrenaron con motivo de la celebración del III centenario de la publicación de la primera parte del Quijote en el Teatro Real en 1905. A partir del preludio sinfónico para El Caballero de los Espejos, compuesto por Manuel Nieto (1844-1915) y del Homenaje a Cervantes, de Manuel Fernández Caballero (1835-1906), se discuten cuestiones formales de las obras en términos musicales, su funcionalidad en el centenario, la inserción de ambas composiciones en la tradición musical decimonónica y sus peculiaridades a la hora de representar musicalmente los intereses nacionales del tricentenario.
La participación de mujeres en los organismos públicos de ciencia y tecnología en la Argentina: los mecanismos de evaluación en la Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA) y en el Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)
Authors: Rial Mariana , Azcurra Karen , Ferpozzi Hugo
Published: December 2021

En los últimos años, la participación desigual de mujeres en ciencia y tecnología ha sido objeto de atención política y de reflexión académica. En este trabajo, nos concentramos en la situación de las mujeres en dos organismos públicos de investigación y desarrollo en la Argentina - la Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA) y el Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) - para comprender la forma en que estas desigualdades son problematizadas en fuentes documentales y académicas. Además de sistematizar aquellos procesos que aparecen como significativos para la producción de brechas y barreras de género, nuestro relevamiento busca identificar el rol atribuido a los mecanismos de reclutamiento, evaluación, y promoción científica y tecnológica. En ambas instituciones, existen problematizaciones de las brechas de género, así como también de las arbitrariedades e inconsistencias en los procesos institucionales de evaluación, pero ninguna de estas áreas de problematización dialoga con la otra. Retomando los aportes de la sociología política de la ciencia, proponemos que el abordaje de los mecanismos de reclutamiento, evaluación y promoción son clave para comprender las barreras de género que, en tanto mecanismos institucionalizados, dificultan el acceso de las mujeres a ciertas posiciones jerárquicas y áreas de experticia. El examen de estos mecanismos también podría contribuir con el desacople de nociones genéricas, como la de STEM, con las que ha sido abordada frecuentemente la problemática, poniendo el foco en los procesos institucionales propios de los organismos públicos de investigación y desarrollo.
Depredación de Rhinella crucifer (Wied-Neuwied, 1821) (Anura: Bufonidae) por el insecto de agua gigante Lethocerus grandis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Hemiptera: Belostomatidae)
Authors: Ferreira de Macedo Kaíque , Lopes Assis Clodoaldo , Marcos de Oliveira Anderson , Neves Feio Renato
Published: December 2021

Conocer los enlaces tróficos entre especies es fundamental para comprender sus funciones en el ecosistema. Aquí, reportamos el primer registro de depredación de Rhinella crucifer por el insecto acuático Lethocerus grandis. Aunque la mayoría de los anuros brasileños depredados por la chinche acuática gigante son más pequeños que este insecto, un tamaño corporal más grande de este depredador junto con su saliva anestésica, puede proporcionar condiciones para la subyugación de presas mayores.
Adaptation of Modern Agile Practices in Global Software Engineering
Authors: Mansoor Moiz , Khan Muhammad Waqar , Rizvi Syed Sajjad Hussain , Hashmani Manzoor Ahmed , Zubair Muhammad
Published: December 2021

Software engineering has been an active working area for many decades. It evolved in a bi-folded manner. First research and subsequently development. Since the day of its inception, the massive number of variants and methods of software engineering were proposed. Primarily, these methods are designed to cater the time-varying need of modern approach. In this connection, the Global Software Engineering (GSE) is one of the growing trends in the modern software industry. At the same time, the employment of Agile development methodologies has also gained the significant attention in the literature. This has created a rationale to explore and adopt agile development methodology in GSE. It gained rigorous attention as an alternative to traditional software development methodologies. This paper has presented a comprehensive review on the adaptation of modern agile practices in GSE. In addition, the strength and limitation of each approach have been highlighted. Finally, the open area in the said domain is submitted as one of the deliverables of this work.
Triggering Specialised Knowledge in the Software Development Process
Authors: Dreyer Hanna , Wynn Martin George , Bown Robin
Published: December 2021

Many factors determine the success of software development projects. The exchange and harnessing of specialized knowledge amongst and between the project team members is one of these. To explore this situation, an ethnographic case study of the product-testing phase of a new human resources management system was undertaken. Extempore verbal exchanges occur through the interplay of project team members in weekly meetings, as the software was tested, analyzed, and altered in accordance with the customer's needs. Utilizing tacit knowledge from the project members as well as the group, new tacit knowledge surfaces and spirals, which allows it to build over time. Five extempore triggers surfaced during the research generated through explicit stimuli, allowing project members to share and create new knowledge. The theoretical development places these learning triggers in an interpretive framework, which could add value to other software development and project management contexts.
A Survey on Different Approaches to Automating the Design Phase in the Software Development Life Cycle
Authors: Shankar Sahana Prabhu , Agrawal Harshit , E. Naresh
Published: December 2021

Software design is a basic plan of all elements in the software, how they relate to each other in such a way that they meet the user requirements. In software development process, software design phase is an important phase as it gives a plan of what to do and how to do it during the implementation phase. As the technology is evolving and people's needs in the technological field are increasing, the development of software is becoming more complex. To make the development process somewhat easy, it is always better to have a plan which is followed throughout the process. In this way, many problems can be solved in the design phase, for which a number of tools and techniques are present. One is known as Design Patterns. In software engineering, a design pattern is a general solution to commonly occurring problems in software design. A design pattern isn't a finished design that can be transformed directly into code.
A Model Based on Data Envelopment Analysis for the Measurement of Productivity in the Software Factory
Authors: Castañeda Pedro , Mauricio David
Published: December 2021

Productivity in software factories is very important because it allows organizations to achieve greater efficiency and effectiveness in their activities. One of the pillars of competitiveness is productivity, and it is related to the effort required to accomplish the assigned tasks. However, there is no standard way to measure it, making it difficult to establish policies and strategies to improve the factory. In this work, a model based on data envelopment analysis is presented to evaluate the relative efficiency of the software factories and their projects, to measure the productivity in the software production component of the software factory through the activities that are carried out in their different work units. The proposed model consists of two phases in which the productivity of the software factory is evaluated and the productivity of the projects it conducts is assessed. Numerical tests on 6 software factories with 160 projects implemented show that the proposed model allows one to assess the software factories and the most efficient projects.
Evolutionary Approaches to Test Data Generation for Object-Oriented Software
Authors: Nogueira Ana Filipa , Ribeiro José Carlos Bregieiro , Fernández de Vega Francisco , Zenha-Rela Mário Alberto
Published: December 2021

In object-oriented evolutionary testing, metaheuristics are employed to select or generate test data for object-oriented software. Techniques that analyse program structures are predominant among the panoply of studies available in current literature. For object-oriented evolutionary testing, the common objective is to reach some coverage criteria, usually in the form of statement or branch coverage. This chapter explores, reviews, and contextualizes relevant literature, tools, and techniques in this area, while identifying open problems and setting ground for future work.
Metaheuristic Techniques for Test Case Generation
Authors: Sahoo Rashmi Rekha , Ray Mitrabinda
Published: December 2021

The primary objective of software testing is to locate bugs as many as possible in software by using an optimum set of test cases. Optimum set of test cases are obtained by selection procedure which can be viewed as an optimization problem. So metaheuristic optimizing (searching) techniques have been immensely used to automate software testing task. The application of metaheuristic searching techniques in software testing is termed as Search Based Testing. Non-redundant, reliable and optimized test cases can be generated by the search based testing with less effort and time. This article presents a systematic review on several meta heuristic techniques like Genetic Algorithms, Particle Swarm optimization, Ant Colony Optimization, Bee Colony optimization, Cuckoo Searches, Tabu Searches and some modified version of these algorithms used for test case generation. The authors also provide one framework, showing the advantages, limitations and future scope or gap of these research works which will help in further research on these works.
Auditing an Agile Development Operations Ecosystem
Authors: Subramanian Aishwarya , Krishnamachariar Priyadarsini Kannan , Gupta Manish , Sharman Raj
Published: December 2021

In an enterprise software development, DevOps is a practice of integrating development and operations to deliver cost-efficient, improved quality solutions to the customer by automating the existing processes to achieve “continuous delivery.” In the current dynamic IT Ecosystem where there is a rising need to prove a competitive edge to maximize profitability, it is pivotal to drive business value with profound emphasis on quality. Agile enables us to take calculated risks during development whereas its affinity to adopting DevOps will promote continuous delivery with reduced friction to improve business efficiency. As this approach requires a change in people, process, technology, culture, usage of right tools and techniques, the early involvement of IT Auditors during the process of transformation could aid to build effective Risk Management strategies to handle organizational challenges. This article aims to present a risk-based audit approach to effectively use audit tools and techniques in an Agile-DevOps transformation environment to achieve maximum business value.
A Decision Making Paradigm for Software Development in Libraries
Authors: Maringanti Harish
Published: December 2021

Framing a technology question as a simple choice between developing an in- house application system and off-the- shelf proprietary system, or simply put, as a choice between build and buy, runs the risk of ignoring myriad options available in between the two extremes. In this era of cloud computing and run anything-as- a-service model, the very notion of developing an in-house application would raise a few eyebrows among C- level executives. How then can academic libraries, under mounting pressure to demonstrate their value (Oakleaf, 2010), justify investments in software development in particular? What follows in these sections is a brief discussion on the importance of investing in software development in libraries, three mini-case studies demonstrating the wide possibilities of integrating software development in library operations and a non- prescriptive model to assess which projects may be worth pursuing from the software development standpoint.
Systematic Review of Risks in Domestic and Global IT Projects
Authors: Silveira Franciane Freitas , Russo Rosária de F. S. Macri , Júnior Irapuan Glória , Sbragia Roberto
Published: December 2021

The development of information technology projects is no longer limited to the domestic sphere. This study identifies the differentiation of risk categories between global and domestic projects through an exploratory research carried out by means of a systematic literature review. 1367 risks were identified in 37 articles and classified within 22 categories. The major concern regarded in domestic project management was the client (external risk) and scope (internal risk) and, in global project management, the psychic distance (external) and coordination and control (internal). The main difference between the risk categories for each project type refers to the psychic distance category, which was identified almost exclusively in global projects, thus making the external risks more relevant than those in domestic projects. On the other hand, it makes risks such as client, supplier and stakeholders be underestimated. The results indicate that project managers should focus on different risks depending on the type of IT project: global or domestic.
Knowledge Management Initiatives in Agile Software Development
Authors: Vasanthapriyan Shanmuganathan
Published: December 2021

Agile software development (ASD) is a knowledge-intensive and collaborative activity and thus Knowledge Management (KM) principals should be applied to improve the productivity of the whole ASD process from the beginning to the end of the phase. The goal is to map the evidence available on existing researches on KM initiatives in ASD in order to identify the state of the art in the area as well as the future research. Therefore, investigation of various aspects such as purposes, types of knowledge, technologies and research type are essential. The authors conducted a systematic review of literature published between 2010 and December 2017 and identified 12 studies that discuss agile requirements engineering. They formulated and applied specific inclusion and exclusion criteria in two distinct rounds to determine the most relevant studies for their research goal. Reuse of knowledge of the team is the perspective that has received more attention.
Evolving Host Socio-Demographical Determinants Towards Himalayan Handicraft Industry
Authors: Sharma Suman , Sinha Satyajit , Sahoo Debasis
Published: December 2021

Himachal Pradesh is widely known for its beauty, culture and heritage. The handicrafts of this region maintain cultural integrity among themselves and show it to the rest of the world. This paper aims to investigate the dynamics of socio-demographic variables based on community based host motivators (CBHM) involved in handicraft tourism in Himachal Pradesh. To conduct this study, a field survey of 277 members of the host community was piloted from December (2020) to January (2021) using a structured questionnaire. Four factors of motivation at the community level were derived: tourism, government efforts, advertising and social indicators, and employment indicators. The results highlighted the relationship between government efforts and all CBHMs; qualifications strongly influenced tourism, government efforts and advertising factors; while government initiatives have greatly contributed to the empowerment of women. In contrast, the nuclear family has more decision-making power than the joint family with regard to CBHMs.
The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility Performance on Competitive Advantage and Business Success
Authors: Mai Khuong Ngoc , Nguyen An Khoa Truong
Published: December 2021

This study investigates how types of corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices (economic, legal, ethical, philanthropic, and environmental) affect competitive advantage and business success in an emerging country. Data were collected by surveying 869 respondents from manufacturing, real estate, trade, and service sectors. The data analysis applied partial least square structural equation modeling. The results showed that ethical, legal, and philanthropic CSR initiatives have a positive effect on competitive advantage. Economic CSR practice is the only factor that affected both competitive advantage and business success. The competitive advantage also directly affected business success. Environmental CSR practice did not show a significant relationship with competitive advantage or business success. The findings of this study may be beneficial in informing managers’ decisions on CSR investment to gain competitive advantage, and in turn, business success in a developing context.
Exploring the Factors Impacting Seller Performance During Online Sales Events in the E-Commerce Marketplace in India
Authors: Bhattacharyya Som Sekhar , Chahande Saurabh V. , Reddy T. Vinay Kumar
Published: December 2021

The Indian ecommerce industry has been growing substantially because of changing mindset of the Indian customers and ease of shopping online. A large number of sellers had registered on online marketplaces so that the sellers could reach a larger pool of customers. The goal for sellers was towards increasing sales substantially with optimal efforts. Some sellers were able to accomplish this goal successfully, but a majority of the sellers struggled finding the right formula for success. Ecommerce websites conducted online shopping heavy discount sales events for limited time periods. The objective of this research was to understand the various factors that influenced and impacted the performance of sellers on Indian E-commerce websites during such events. A total of eleven interviews were conducted with Indian E-commerce sales experts. The data was thematically content analysed. Five most significant factors that helped gauge sellers’ performance were late shipment rate, poor order fulfilment rate, limited product selection, high price and low glance views.
Gamification Increases Completion Rates in Massive Open Online Courses
Authors: Nesterowicz Krzysztof , Bayramova Ulkar , Fereshtehnejad Seyed-Mohammad , Scarlat Ana , Ash Anthony , Augustyn Anna Maria , Szádeczky Tamás
Published: December 2021

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) aim at unlimited participation and open access via the web. There are concerns about the actual value of such courses. This is predominantly due to higher dropout rates. According to studies, only 7-13% go on to complete these courses. The high dropout rate in MOOCs is a challenge for education providers. This paper aims to explore reasons for high dropout rates within MOOCs and how they can be minimized. With this in mind, two research questions have been set for this study: 1) Why do MOOC participants not complete their courses? 2) How can the course completion rate be increased? Implementation of the strategies investigated in this paper can increase completion rates in MOOCs. In conclusion, after analyzing the collected data, the final results have shown that gamification increased the completion rate of MOOCs.
Juvenile trabecular ossifying fibroma of the maxilla
Authors: Sadeghi Hassan Mir Mohammad , Torabi Zahra Sadat , Moslemi Hamidreza , Shafiei Shervin , Toghchi Sanaz Gholami , Mashhadiabbas Fatemeh
Published: December 2021

Ossifying fibromas (OFs) are benign, well-demarcated lesions in the craniofacial region, particularly in the jaws, with clinical, radiographic, and histopathological similarities to other lesions, which make their diagnosis challenging. Herein, we report a case of a fibro-osseous lesion in the anterior maxilla of a 13-year-old boy, consisting of an intraosseous and an extra-osseous part, which created a diagnostic dilemma.
Evaluation of the effect of antimicrobial nanoparticles on bond strength of orthodontic adhesives
Authors: Mirhashemi Amirhossein , Jazi Leila
Published: December 2021

Background:

Antimicrobial nanoparticles (NPs) have various applications in different fields of dentistry. The purpose of incorporating NPs into orthodontic adhesives is to inhibit the cariogenic bacteria and reduce decalcifications around bonded orthodontic brackets. However, they may affect the physical and mechanical properties of adhesive such as shear bond strength (SBS). This review was done to answer the question whether the incorporation of antimicrobial NPs into orthodontic adhesives changes the SBS.

Materials and Methods:

An electronic search was performed with keywords such as adhesives AND nanoparticles AND orthodontics AND shear strength. After screening and applying eligibility criteria, 18 relevant studies were included.

Results:

The pooled data suggest that except for 10 wt% of various NPs incorporation, there is no significant difference in SBS between control conventional adhesives and experimental modified ones with tested concentrations.

Conclusion:

The SBS of orthodontic adhesives containing up to 5% NPs is in clinical acceptable range. However, generalizing the results to in vivo situation may be problematic and further studies are required.