bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Security Monitoring for Multi-Cloud Native Network Service Based Functions
Authors: G Sandhya , Guruprasad Dr. H. S.
Published: September 2022

Abstract: Nowadays, enterprises are adopting a cloud- native to provide rapid change, large scale, and resilience in their application. The applications were built as independent services and packaged as self-contained, lightweight containers.And in order to provide leading applications, better performance, and avoid getting locked into a particular cloud provider's infrastructure. They choose to deploy a cloud-native application on a multi-cloud Infrastructure. While this native multi-cloud strategy has many benefits, it definitely adds more management complexity. We have proposed a framework by creating an abstraction layer that provides security and visibility across these multi-cloud services. We have visualized the metrics like request per second, status code, bandwidth, andlatencies of two sample API services (Users, and Products) which are publicly available and deployed on Google cloudfunction and on a CloudFlare.
Mealybug insects as models of a previously undescribed overwintering behavior
Authors: Vercher Rosa , González Sandra , Sánchez-Domingo Adrián , Sorribas Juan
Published: September 2022

Insects, whose body temperature depends on ambient temperature, often
take refuge under the soil surface to survive unfavorable winter
conditions. Considering the strategies used to cope with cold winter
temperatures insects are classified into several groups. Here we propose
a new group of insects with a previously unreported overwintering
strategy taking as a model the mealybug insect family. Using
specifically designed sampling methods we found that these sap-sucking
insects, which spend half of the year feeding and reproducing on the
plant canopy, move to the rhizosphere during the winter to feed on tree
roots and reproduce. Our results show that the preferred area to
overwinter for the main female mealybug species is within 1 meter around
a fruit tree trunk, where more than 25000 mealybug males per square
meter can emerge every spring. This unique adaptive strategy allows
these aboveground herbivores to turn into belowground root feeders
during the winter.
Običaji u nasljeđivanju u pelješkim oporukama u 18. i prvoj polovini 19. stoljeća
Authors: Maslek Jasenka
Published: September 2022

Analizom oporuka iz zapadnoga, sjeverozapadnoga i središnjega dijela poluotoka Pelješca nastoji se pokazati kako je oporučitelj namjeravao očuvati cjelovitost imanja i osigurati opstanak i prosperitet obitelji. Različitosti običaja pri nasljeđivanju bilo je dosta. Način nasljeđivanja ovisio je i o tome kojom se gospodarskom djelatnošću bavio oporučitelj ili nasljednik, odnosno je li se radilo o pomorcima, trgovcima ili seljacima kmetovima. O tome je ovisila i forma oporuka, postojanje uvjeta ili povjerbe, ali i vrijeme početka odjeljivanja braće i razvrgnuća proširenih obitelji ili kućnih zadruga. Slabljenjem spona zadružnoga života i gospodarskim jačanjem u pomorskoj ili trgovačkoj djelatnosti, tijekom 19. stoljeća nestaje i potreba da domazet uzima ženino prezime jer kuća više ne nosi prezime. Najslabije se bolje financijsko stanje obitelji odrazilo na nasljeđivanje njezinih ženskih članova, kćeri, koje su i dalje kao nasljedni dio ili otpremninu dobivale miraz.
SGLT2 Inhibition, Choline Metabolites, and Cardiometabolic Diseases: A Mediation Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Xu Min , Zheng Jie , Hou Tianzhichao , Lin Hong , Wang Tiange , Wang Shuangyuan , Lu Jieli , Zhao Zhiyun , Li Mian , Xu Yu , Ning Guang , Bi Yufang , Wang Weiqing
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the causal role of choline metabolites mediating sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibition in coronary artery disease (CAD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) using Mendelian randomization (MR).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

A two-sample two-step MR was used to determine 1) causal effects of SGLT2 inhibition on CAD and T2D; 2) causal effects of three choline metabolites, total choline, phosphatidylcholine, and glycine, on CAD and T2D; and 3) mediation effects of these metabolites. Genetic proxies for SGLT2 inhibition were identified as variants in the SLC5A2 gene that were associated with both levels of gene expression and hemoglobin A1c. Summary statistics for metabolites were from UK Biobank, CAD from CARDIoGRAMplusC4D (Coronary ARtery DIsease Genome wide Replication and Meta-analysis [CARDIoGRAM] plus The Coronary Artery Disease [C4D] Genetics) consortium, and T2D from DIAbetes Genetics Replication And Meta-analysis (DIAGRAM) and the FinnGen study.

RESULTS

SGLT2 inhibition (per 1 SD, 6.75 mmol/mol [1.09%] lowering of HbA1c) was associated with lower risk of T2D and CAD (odds ratio [OR] 0.25 [95% CI 0.12, 0.54], and 0.51 [0.28, 0.94], respectively) and positively with total choline (β 0.39 [95% CI 0.06, 0.72]), phosphatidylcholine (0.40 [0.13, 0.67]), and glycine (0.34 [0.05, 0.63]). Total choline (OR 0.78 [95% CI 0.68, 0.89]) and phosphatidylcholine (OR 0.81 [0.72, 0.91]) were associated with T2D but not with CAD, while glycine was associated with CAD (0.94 [0.91, 0.98]) but not with T2D. Mediation analysis showed evidence of indirect effect of SGLT2 inhibition on T2D through total choline (0.91 [0.83, 0.99]) and phosphatidylcholine (0.93 [0.87, 0.99]) with a mediated proportion of 8% and 5% of the total effect, respectively, and on CAD through glycine (0.98 [0.96, 1.00]) with a mediated proportion of 2%. The results were well validated in at least one independent data set.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study identified the causal roles of SGLT2 inhibition in choline metabolites. SGLT2 inhibition may influence T2D and CAD through different choline metabolites.
Prescription Patterns of Cardiovascular- and Kidney-Protective Therapies Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Lamprea-Montealegre Julio A. , Madden Erin , Tummalapalli Sri Lekha , Chu Chi D. , Peralta Carmen A. , Du Yuxian , Singh Rakesh , Kong Sheldon X. , Tuot Delphine S. , Shlipak Michael G. , Estrella Michelle M.
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVE

To assess the prevalence and correlates of prescription of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and/or glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RA) in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with and without chronic kidney disease (CKD).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

This was a cross-sectional analyses of SGLT2i and GLP1-RA prescriptions from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2020 in the Veterans Health Administration System. The likelihood of prescriptions was examined by the presence or absence of CKD and by predicted risks of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD).

RESULTS

Of 1,197,880 adults with T2DM, SGLT2i and GLP1-RA were prescribed to 11% and 8% of patients overall, and to 12% and 10% of those with concomitant CKD, respectively. In adjusted models, patients with severe albuminuria were less likely to be prescribed SGLT2i or GLP1-RA versus nonalbuminuric patients with CKD, with odds ratios (ORs) of 0.91 (95% CI 0.89, 0.93) and 0.97 (0.94, 1.00), respectively. Patients with a 10-year ASCVD risk >20% (vs. <5%), had lower odds of SGLT2i use (OR 0.66 [0.61, 0.71]) and GLP1-RA prescription (OR 0.55 [0.52, 0.59]). A 5-year ESKD risk >5%, compared with <1%, was associated with lower likelihood of SGLT2i prescription (OR 0.63 [0.59, 0.67]) but higher likelihood of GLP1-RA prescription (OR 1.53 [1.46, 1.61]).

CONCLUSIONS

Among a large cohort of patients with T2DM, prescription of SGLT2i and GLP1-RA was low in those with CKD. We observed a “risk-treatment paradox,” whereby patients with higher risk of adverse outcomes were less likely to receive these therapies.
Nationally Subsidized Continuous Glucose Monitoring: A Cost-effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Pease Anthony J. , Zoungas Sophia , Callander Emily , Jones Timothy W. , Johnson Stephanie R. , Holmes-Walker D. Jane , Bloom David E. , Davis Elizabeth A. , Zomer Ella
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVE

The Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) Initiative recently introduced universal subsidized CGM funding for people with type 1 diabetes under 21 years of age in Australia. We thus aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of this CGM Initiative based on national implementation data and project the economic impact of extending the subsidy to all age-groups.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We used a patient-level Markov model to simulate disease progression for young people with type 1 diabetes and compared government-subsidized access to CGM with the previous user-funded system. Three years of real-world clinical input data were sourced from analysis of the Australasian Diabetes Data Network and National Diabetes Services Scheme registries. Costs were considered from the Australian health care system’s perspective. An annual discount rate of 5% was applied to future costs and outcomes. Uncertainty was evaluated with probabilistic and deterministic sensitivity analyses.

RESULTS

Government-subsidized CGM funding for young people with type 1 diabetes compared with a completely user-funded model resulted in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of AUD 39,518 per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained. Most simulations (85%) were below the commonly accepted willingness-to-pay threshold of AUD 50,000 per QALY gained in Australia. Sensitivity analyses indicated that base-case results were robust, though strongly impacted by the cost of CGM devices. Extending the CGM Initiative throughout adulthood resulted in an ICER of AUD 34,890 per QALY gained.

CONCLUSIONS

Providing subsidized access to CGM for people with type 1 diabetes was found to be cost-effective compared with a completely user-funded model in Australia.
Risk factors for the development of retinopathy in pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes: The Diabetes Prevention Program experience
Authors: White Neil H. , Pan Qing , Knowler William C. , Schroeder Emily B. , Dabelea Dana , Chew Emily Y. , Blodi Barbara , Goldberg Ronald B. , Pi-Sunyer Xavier , Darwin Christine , Schlögl Mathias , Nathan David M. , Group the DPPOS Research
Published: September 2022

  

OBJECTIVE:

To determine glycemic and non-glycemic risk factors that contribute to the presence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) before and after the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: 

During the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) and DPP Outcome Study (DPPOS), we performed fundus photography over time on adults at high risk to develop T2D, including after they developed diabetes. Fundus photographs were graded using the ETDRS grading system with DR defined as typical lesions of DR (microaneurysms, exudates or hemorrhage, or worse) in either eye.

RESULTS: 

By DPPOS year 16 (approximately 20 years after randomization into DPP), 24% of 1,614 who had developed T2D and 14% of 885 who remained non-diabetic had DR. In univariate analyses, utilizing results from across the entire duration of follow-up, American Indian race was associated with less frequent DR compared to Non-Hispanic Whites (NHW), and higher HbA1c, fasting and 2-hour plasma glucose levels during an oral glucose tolerance test, weight, and history of hypertension, dyslipidemia and smoking, but not treatment group assignment, were associated with more frequent DR. On multivariate analysis, American Indian race was associated with less DR compared to NHW (OR = 0.36; 95% CI: 0.20-0.66) and average HbA1c was associated with more DR (OR = 1.92; 95% CI: 1.46-1.74 per SD [0.7%] increase in HbA1c).

CONCLUSION: 

DR may occur in adults with prediabetes and early in the course of T2D. HbA1c was an important risk factor for the development of DR across the entire glycemic range from prediabetes to T2D. 
Investigations on laser beam welding of thin foils of copper and aluminum regarding weld seam quality using different laser beam sources
Authors: Nothdurft Sarah , Seffer Oliver , Hermsdorf Jörg , Overmeyer Ludger , Kaierle Stefan
Published: September 2022

Nowadays, there is a strong and growing ambition to switch from combustion technology to battery-electric drives, and energy storage is spotlighted. Laser beam welding is an appropriate and favorable welding technology in battery production. Due to the high welding speed, the local heat input, the contact freeness efficient, and automatable processes can be established. Materials used in batteries for electrodes that have to be connected are commonly copper and aluminum. Specifically, copper is highly reflective for widely used infrared laser beam wavelengths. Furthermore, the thickness in the area of 10 μm is quite challenging to deal with, in terms of gap free clamping and avoidance of damage to the material as well as distortion during welding. There is a fine line regarding energy input between burning the material and generating a lack of fusion. In the presented research, welding approaches with different laser beam sources emitting laser beams with infrared wavelengths, various beam shapes, and welding modes (continuous and pulsed) are studied. A total of 40 copper foils with a thickness of 10 μm and 40 aluminum foils with a thickness of 15 μm are welded to similar sheet metals. Aim of the process development are welds with high quality and high connection widths to provide the best electric conductivity.
Assessment of Some Platelet Activating Markers and Secretory Status with Clinical Manifestations in Multiple Sclerosis Iraqi Patients
Authors: Salih Khalid M. , Abdullah Ali Hamdan , Sheaheed Nawfal Madhi
Published: September 2022

Patients with Multiple sclerosis (MS) are presented with different degree of disability based on Expanded disability status scale (EDSS). Several studies reported that ABH non-secretors have higher prevalence in different auto-immune diseases, also platelets have a multi-form participation in development of MS. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the correlation of clinical manifestations in patients with platelet-activating factor (PAF), P-Selectin, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and ABH secretor status. Fifty Iraqi patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) were enrolled and divided into two subgroups; 36 of them with no disability (D0), their EDSS score ranging between 0-1.5, and the rest 14 patients with different degrees of disability (D+), their EDSS score ≥ 2. Along with patients, 20 healthy subjects were involved to act as a control group. Results showed significant elevation of PAF, P-Selectin, and MMP-9 levels in patients compared with those in the control group. However, only PAF level in D+ patients is significantly higher than D0 and positively correlated with duration of disease and serum level of MMP-9. Moreover, the frequency of non-secretors among RRMS patients is significantly higher than those in the control group and have a higher level of MMP-9, so may act as a risk factor for getting MS disease via increasing the serum level of MMP-9.
ISOLASI DAN UJI KEMAMPUAN BAKTERI PELARUT KALIUM DARI TANAH SAWAH DENGAN SISTEM IRIGASI SUBAK
Authors: Sukmadewi Desak Ketut Tristiana , Singapurwa Ni Made Ayu Suardani , Candra I Putu
Published: September 2022

Pemenuhan kebutuhan air yang optimal pada tanah sawah dengan sistem irigasi Subak akan mempengaruhi sifat fisik, kimia dan biologi tanah.  Salah satu komponen biologi tanah yang akan dipengaruhi adalah populasi mikrob yang ada di dalam tanah. Mikrob dalam tanah yang memiliki banyak peranan penting diantaranya adalah melarutkan kalium (K), sehingga meningkatkan ketersediaan K-tanah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengisolasi dan menguji kemampuan bakteri pelarut K dari tanah sawah dengan sistem irigasi subak. Sampel tanah yang diisolasi berasal dari Subak Sembung dan Subak Mambal. Sampel diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling hasil komposit masing-masing dari 5 titik sampling pada kedalaman 0-10 cm. Isolasi bakteri menggunakan metode spread plate dan penghitungan jumlah mikrob dilakukan menggunakan metode Total Plate Count (TPC). Bakteri hasil isolasi yang telah dimurnikan dengan metode empat kuadran diuji kemampuannya dalam melarutkan K pada media Alexandrov cair. Pengukuran K terlarut dilakukan menggunakan atomic absorption spectroscopy. Populasi bakteri pelarut K menunjukkan hasil lebih tinggi pada lokasi sampling di Subak Sembung (5,72 x 105 CFU/g) dibandingkan Subak Mambal (4,23 x 105 CFU/g). Berdasarkan hasil isolasi dan seleksi awal bakteri pelarut K didapatkan empat isolat yang mampu melarutkan K lebih tinggi dan berbeda nyata dari kontrol berdasarkan uji Duncan Multiple Range Test pada taraf nyata 5%. Keempat isolat tersebut adalah AlP6, AlP10, AlJ1 dan PKP4. Kemampuan masing-masing isolat dalam melarutkan K adalah AlP10 15,46 ppm, AlP6 12,40 ppm, PKP4 14,32 ppm, dan AlJ1 12,58 ppm.  Hasil tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh isolate AlP10 dari Subak Mambal yang mampu melarutkan kalium 2 kali lipat dibandingkan dengan kontrol.
AKTIVITAS ANTIFUNGI EKSTRAK DAUN Melastoma malabathricum TERHADAP Fusarium oxysporum DAN Sclerotium rolfsii SECARA IN VITRO
Authors: Chatri Moralita , Jumjunidang Jumjunidang , Aini Zahratul , Suryendra Febriani Dika
Published: September 2022

Fusarium oxysporum dan Sclerotium rolfsii merupakan patogen tular tanah yang berbahaya bagi tanaman karena patogen tersebut dapat bertahan lama di dalam tanah tanpa inang. Pengendalian yang sering dilakukan adalah dengan menggunakan fungisida sintetik yang dapat mengakibatkan pencemaran lingkungan dan keracunan pada manusia. Salah satu alternatif pengendalian yang aman dan dapat dikembangkan adalah dengan penggunaan fungisida nabati seperti ekstrak daun Melastoma malabathricum karena ekstrak daun ini memiliki senyawa metabolit sekunder yang bersifat antimikroba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh ekstrak daun M. malabathricum sebagai antifungi terhadap pertumbuhan F.oxysporum dan S. rolfsii dan mengetahui tingkat aktivitas antifungi ekstrak daun M. malabathricum dalam menghambat pertumbuhan F.oxysporum dan S. rolfsii. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Negeri Padang, terdiri dari 5 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan adalah ekstrak daun M. malabathricum dengan konsentrasi yang berbeda, yaitu 0% (kontrol), 10%, 20%, 30% dan 40%. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan sidik ragam (ANOVA) dengan uji lanjut Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun M. malabathricum berpengaruh sebagai antifungi terhadap pertumbuhan F.oxysporum dan S. rolfsii karena menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata pada semua perlakuan dibandingkan dengan kontrol, kecuali pada konsentrasi 10% terhadap S.rolfsii. Ekstrak daun M. malabathricum pada konsentrasi yang berbeda menunjukkan tingkat aktivitas antifungi yang berbeda dalam menghambat pertumbuhan F.oxysporum, yaitu sedang dan kuat, sedangkan terhadap S.rolsii menunjukkan tingkat aktifitas yang sama, yaitu lemah.
Determination of the Occupational Risk of Employees at the Power Industry Enterprise
Authors:   South Ural State University (National Research University), Sidorov A.I. , Bogdanov A.V. ,   South Ural State University (National Research University), Medvedeva Yu.V. ,   South Ural State University (National Research University), Filippov A.N. ,   South Ural State University (National Research University), Mlotok A.V. ,   Branch of IDGC of Urals Chelyabenergo
Published: September 2022

At the Department of Life Safety of the South Ural State University, a methodology for assessing occupational risk was developed, which uses an integral assessment of the working conditions based on the standard for lost working time from morbidity with temporary disability. Occupational risk assessment according to the proposed method considers the impact of all dangerous and harmful factors on the employees. The assessment has a relatively low labor intensity, and can be carried out in a short time at the enterprises (in the organizations) with any type of economic activity through the specially developed software. According to the developed methodology, an assessment of the occupational risk was carried out in the organization of IDGC of Urals — Chelyabenergo with the coverage of about 5,000 employees. The article presents the results of the conducted calculations and their analysis. Using the formulas given in the article, the indicators can be determined both for one employee and for a group of employees (a structural unit or an organization as a whole). As a result, it was established that, in general, there is a moderate occupational risk in the branch office of IDGC of Urals — Chelyabenergo. This is a good result for a production organization. By analogy, the calculations were carried out for the production departments of the organization and the structural divisions of each department. When calculating on the structural subdivisions, additional information is provided about the employees with increased occupational risk (medium, significant, and high). In the absence of such employees, no information is provided. The article shows a comparative diagram of the occupational risk of the employees of IDGC of Urals — Chelyabenergo, and the employees of its production departments. In the production departments of the organization, there is a low, medium, and moderate risk. There are no production departments with significant and high occupational risk. Recommendations are also given on the possible application of the results of the risk assessment.
Abschätzung der weltweiten Energiebilanz von Wälzlagern
Authors: Bakolas Vasilios , Roedel Philipp , Pausch Michael
Published: September 2022

This paper presents two methods for estimating energy losses when using catalog bearings on a global scale. These methods, which are based on current standards, provide an approximation for determining the energy balance of bearings. The advantages and disadvantages of the proposed methods are discussed.
Социокультурный потенциал российского сообщества IT-специалистов. Часть 1.
Authors: Мерзляков Сергей
Published: September 2022

В работе представлены результаты второго этапа исследования социокультурных особенностей российского сообщества IT-специалистов. Актуальность обусловлена показным в кросскультурных исследованиях влиянием культуры в виде ценностей, привычек и моделей поведения на социально-экономическое развитие, а также потенциалом использования ценностных установок отдельных социальных групп в процессе социокультурной модернизации всего общества. В работе приводятся результаты исследования, проводившегося в августе-октябре 2021 г. в формате анкетирования посетителей специализированных ресурсов в интернете. Работа состоит из двух частей. В первой части сравниваются результаты актуального исследования и пилотного исследования, анализируется отношение членов исследуемой группы к национальным достижениям, а также рассматриваются полезные и вредные национальные особенности по мнению российских IT-специалистов. Результаты продемонстрировали связь этого исследования с пилотным исследованием. Результаты в целом совпадают. Отличия есть, но они объясняются спецификой опрашиваемых в актуальном исследовании и пилотном исследовании. Подтверждено, что сообщество является открытым, члены сообщества имеют выраженную профессиональную идентичность. Они высоко оценивают гуманитарные и научно-технические достижения национальной культуры, но считают, что последние недостаточно актуализированы как в международном образе России, так и среди самих россиян. Среди позитивных национальных особенностей специалисты выделяют сильный творческий потенциал, креатив, а также способность переносить трудности, альтруизм, взаимовыручку, трудолюбие и упорство. Среди негативных они выделяют консерватизм, инертность, коррупцию, а также желание получить все и сразу.
PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTATION AND COVERAGE OF THE EUROPEAN GREEN COURSE IN THE MEDIA AND SOCIAL NETWORKS OF UKRAINE
Authors: Delehan-Kokaiko S.V. , Malychkovych O.B. , Hliydzyk Emilia , Harapko Liudmyla
Published: September 2022

As a result of a study of the Ukrainian media field, it was found that the total number of all publications in the database for the period from 01.01.2019 to 30.06.2021 is about 60 million materials. It was interesting to compare the percentage of publications on environmental issues with other topics in the media. For example, the topic of combating COVID-19 for the period 2020-2021 forms 31% of the information field of Ukraine, which far exceeds all other topics of resonance. For comparison, a study was also conducted on the subject of culture, in a broad sense. The results indicate that all publications for 2019-2021 related to the cultural component do not gain even 1% of the total media field of Ukraine. Despite the general increase in the number of publications in the media field of Ukraine, environmental issues are also growing, keeping their relevance. At the same time, the average frequency and number of publications on environmental issues and Green Deal for the entire period from 2019 to June 2021 are - 2.3% of the media field of the Ukrainian media. At the same time, the results of the assessment of the quality of coverage of the environmental component in the media indicate that the media field of "ecology" is, in most cases, reporting on the event, ecology or decision of public authorities. The media do not form an agenda, but follow the information drives, and also clearly demonstrate the use of the media as a tool for disseminating information, sometimes openly manipulative. In addition, the share of publications involving environmental professionals is too low, which certainly calls into question the reliability and depth of environmental information content in Ukraine during the study period.
ARYLTELLUROCHLORINATION OF 4,5-DIARYL-SUBSTITUTED 3-ALLYLTHIO-1,2,4-TRIAZOLES
Authors: Kut M. , Kut D. , Onysko M. , Lendel V.
Published: September 2022

Thiazolotriazole derivatives have a number of biological activities. Electrophilic intramolecular cyclization of unsaturated alkyl derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole under the action of various electrophilic reagents (halogens, tetrahalides of chalcogenides) is the most effective and simple method of synthesis of thiazolotriazoles.

It was previously reported that 3-metalylthio-4,5-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazole reacts with aryltellur-trichloride to form an adduct of the substrate-electrophile composition 1: 1. Therefore, the aim of this research is to study the regioselectivity of aryltelluriumchlorination of allyl thioethers 1,2,4-triazole. It was found that in different solvents 3-allylthio-4-phenyl-5- (3-chlorophenyl) -4H-1,2,4-triazole with p-methoxyphenyltellurium trichloride forms a molecular adduct of similar composition. Instead, the addition of sodium perchlorate as doping additive to the reaction medium changes the direction of the reaction and leads to the formation of 6-(dichloro-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-tellanyl) methyl)-5,6-dihydro-3H-thiazolo perchlorate [3,2- b][1,2,4]triazolium-7.

Thus, thiazolo[3,2-b][1,2,4]triazolium salts were obtained as a result of aryl telluriumchlorination of 4,5-diaryl-substituted 3-allylthio-1,2,4-triazoles. Optimal conditions for proceeding of tellurium-induced cyclization have been found.
Sustainable Surface Water Dissolved Oxygen Monitoring at Lake 7/1F, Shah Alam, Selangor
Authors: Megat Ali Megat Syahirul Amin , M. Thamrin Norashikin , Misnan Mohamad Farid , Nik Ibrahim Nik Norliyana , Shaghaghi Navid
Published: September 2022

Shah Alam is in Selangor, Malaysia and symbolized with several lakes that are popular among local communities and visitors for leisure and recreational activities. Among of these lakes, few lakes need management to look after its hygienic and well-being to serve its purpose as the recreational lake for the nearby community, such as Lake 7/1F, Shah Alam, Selangor. The secluded location of this water reservoir has made it unpopular, and improper management of it could invite an imbalance environment to its surrounding. Therefore, to initiate the effort, an Internet-of-Thing (IoT) water monitoring system is deployed at this lake to study the dissolved oxygen (DO) level in the water that could indicate the health status of this lake. The system consists of a DO sensor, embedded controller, self-charging power supply, wireless data transmission, and IoT dashboard for in-situ DO measurement. From the analysis, the lake has the normal cycle of DO production, but a dangerous condition is detected when the concentrated DO in the lake water is mostly below the saturation value.
Microstructure and Microhardness Alterations of Inconel 718 under Cryogenic Cutting
Authors: Abdul Halim Nurul Hayati , Badroush N. , Che Haron Che Hassan , Abdul Ghani Jaharah , Azhar Muammar Faiq
Published: September 2022

This paper presents the experimental investigations to identify the effect of different machining parameters on the microstructure and microhardness alterations beneath the machined surface of Inconel 718. The high-speed milling experiments were conducted using PVD multi-coated ball nose carbide inserts, under cryogenic CO2 condition at controlled cutting speed of 120-140 m/min, feed rate of 0.15-0.25 mm/tooth, depth of cut of 0.3–0.7 mm and a fixed width of cut at 0.4 mm. The experimental results discovered that the formation of plastic deformation could only be observed when cutting with the highest value of feed rate and depth of cut, deepened until 8.87 µm from the machined surface. At the same time, those factors also significantly increased machined surface hardness, made the workpiece harder than its bulk hardness. However, the hardness values were found reduced towards the sub-surface and back to its bulk hardness approximately 250 - 300 µm from the top surface. This study suggests that the finishing milling process of Inconel 718 under cryogenic CO2 conditions and at predetermined parameters can be performed at a depth of cut less than 0.3 mm as its machined sub-surface microhardness and microstructure alteration were observed to be inconsequential. Thus, a more economical machining process can be performed.
Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop Characteristics of Hybrid Al2O3-SiO2
Authors: Mohd Yatim Muyassarah Syahirah , Zakaria Irnie Azlin , Roslan Mohamad Fareez , Wan Mohamed Wan Ahmad Najmi , Mohamad Mohd Faizal
Published: September 2022

The emergence of Proton Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) is seen as one of the greener alternatives to internal combustion engine (ICE) in automotive industry nowadays. However, the sensitivity of a PEMFC membrane needs to be further improved for the optimum performance. In this study, single and hybrid nanofluids are used as an alternative coolant in a single channel of PEMFC. The study was conducted in a channel with the adoption of single and hybrid nanofluids to observe the effect of the heat transfer and pressure drop in the set up. A heater pad was kept at constant heat load of 100 W, reflecting the actual heat load of a single cell. The study focuses on 0.5% volume concentration for single and hybrid nanofluids of Al2O3 and SiO2 in water. The numerical study was conducted via ANSYS FLUENT 16.0. The 0.5% hybrid Al2O3:SiO2 nanofluids of 10:90 and 30:70 in Re range of 300 to 1000 were compared to the base fluid. The heat transfer increament of 9.1% and 9.85%. was observed. However, the pressure drop was also increased in the range of 22 Pa to 26 Pa for 0.5 % of Al2O3:SiO2 of 10:90 and 30:70 consecutively as compared to the base fluid. The advantage ratio was then analyzed to show the feasibility of both ratios of 0.5 % hybrid nanofluid of Al2O3:SiO2 at 10:90 and 30:70. It shows that both have advantage ratio higher than 1, thus feasible for the adoption in a PEMFC.
Effect of Fiber Misalignment on Mechanical and Failure Response of Kenaf Composite under Compressive Loading
Authors: Razali M. F. , Seman S.A.H.A. , Theng T. W.
Published: September 2022

The use of kenaf fibres has grown unexpectedly in the world as they help to establish green materials in automobile, sports and food packaging industries. Over the past few decades, unidirectional fiber-reinforced composites have been extensively used in industry due to their high specific strength characteristics. During manufacturing process, several defects especially fiber misalignment might exist in the unidirectional composite structure. This kind of deviation from its optimal parallel packing in a unidirectional fibre reinforced composite would influence its overall load-bearing efficiency. Performance data of kenaf composite due to this imperfection, however, is very limited in the literature. In this regard, the effects of fibre misalignments on the unidirectional kenaf composite compressive reaction have been studied. For this reason, pultruded kenaf composite specimens with different fibre alignment from 00 to 20 at 2.1 and 8.4 mm/s strain rates were subjected to a range of compression measures. The findings revealed that, the failure strain seems to be almost constant at value of 0.05 and 0.063 while the failure stress decreases from 140Mpa until 120MP when the fibre alignment increases when loaded within a range of 2.1~8.4s-1. Additionally, under increased fiber misalignment and strain rate, fibre plastic microbuckling, fibre breakage, fibre splitting and fibre matrix debonding was progressively formed on the specimen.
Artificial Neural Network Predictive Modelling of Laser Micro-Grooving for Commercial Pure Titanium (CP Ti) Grade 2
Authors: S Sivarao , Zuhair A.K , Ali M.A.M. , Kadirgama Kadirgama , Dubey U.K. , Pujari Satish , Sivakumar L.D.
Published: September 2022

Grooving is the process of making a narrow channel on a surface of flat or cylindrical workpiece. Groove is precisely made to parts used in automotive, biomedical, and electronics industries. In automotive industries, groove plays an important role especially on mechanical parts to precisely locate seal (o-ring) to prevent gas/oil leakage between dynamic mating parts. On the other hand, artificial neural network (ANN) has been widely used in developing predictive models of various manufacturing processes to save huge amount of production time and money for industries. Unfortunately, very limited research has been investigated on micro groove quality employing ANN predictive models. Therefore, this research work presents on how the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) predictive model has been established, optimised and utilised to predict the laser micro-grooving quality of commercial pure titanium grade 2 material. A 3KW CO2 laser cutting machine was employed considering laser power, gas pressure, cutting speed, depth of cut and focal distance as the design parameters for modelling. On the other hand, three significant responses namely groove depth, groove width and groove corner radius were investigated. Experimental results were fed to establish the ANN predictive model, which then its parameters were optimized to gain high level prediction accuracy. The predicted results of ANN model presented the mean absolute percentage error for groove depth, groove width and groove corner radius at about 7.29%, 10.93% and 11.96% respectively. The obtained predictive results were found quite promising with the average of mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) for quality predictions which falls between 10 to 15%, concluding the validity of the developed ANN predictive model.
The Effect of The Machining Process UHMWPE on The Wear Behaviour of Acetabular Cups for Hip Implants
Authors: Lestari W. D. , Ismail R. , Danaryanto A. T. , Jamari J. , Bayuseno A. P. , Nugroho A.
Published: September 2022

Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) has been consumed in human hip implants for the last decades. Improving the reliability of hip joint implants can reach by the understanding of wear behavior and morphology of the polyethylene. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effect of the manufacturing process UHMWPE on the wear behavior of acetabular cups for hip implants. Tribological tests of UHMWPE acetabular liner on AISI 316L stainless steel femoral head were carried out with a tribometer test configuration in a dry condition. In this study, wear testing was examined with constant applied load of 800 N. The superficial injures that occured during the test were assessed by coordinate measuring machine (CMM) and roughness measurements. A correlation between the surface roughness from machining process and wear mass loss was assessed and discussed. Based on the results of the test data and observations on the specimens it can be concluded that the machining UHMWPE acetabular cups using milling CNC significantly affected the UHMWPE surface roughness developing its wear act, in terms of, the rate of wear depth and wear coefficient produced. The results show high linearity.
Application of Epoxy Resin and Glass Fiber Composites in Cricket Bats
Authors: Chatre Aniruddha , Bagewadi Shubham , Ramchandani Dinesh , Chitnis Ankur , Kulkarni Shreenidhi
Published: September 2022

The sports industry predominantly makes use of wood for manufacturing equipment such as cricket bats. However, the equipment has to be replaced often as it gets worn out and damaged. This has led to increased wood consumption, which is rapidly becoming scarce, contributing to environmental issues. The objective of this work is to provide a protective composite layer on the face of the bat to enhance its life without affecting its performance. This work also aims to find a solution to reduce the wood consumption in the cricket industry in the form of a protective composite layer. The layers on the bats are prepared using two different resins, namely HSC 7600 and General Purpose resin with 400 GSM glass fibers as the reinforcement. The specimens are prepared using the hand-layup process and then cured in the oven. The composite materials are then subjected to tensile tests and impact tests. Properties such as Young’s modulus and impact stress are obtained. When compared with willow wood, the specimens prepared using HSC 7600 exhibit similar properties and can be used in practical applications. The layer once applied on the bat, is subsequently tested under traditional match-like conditions wherein more than 2000 shots are played with a standard leather ball. Regular willow bats are tested similarly, and cracks begin to appear after approximately 1700 shots. Testing of the bats that are reinforced with the composite layer shows that the layer is intact with negligible damages. It is concluded that this material is more resistant to the impact of the ball and also does not provide the batsman with an unfair advantage. With proper implementation, the application of such a layer is a promising solution to be put to use in the cricket industry that tackles the challenge of excess wood consumption.
Some Philosophical and Legal Problems of Qualification of Crimes Against Political Rights in Modern Legal States
Authors: HARUTYUNYAN Armen
Published: September 2022

This article is devoted to the study of problems of the qualification of crimes against the realization of political rights. Based on a comparative analysis, approaches to the concept of “crimes” within the Criminal Codes of the Republic of Armenia, the Russian Federation and the Republic of Artsakh are presented. The ancient foundations of the problems of proportionality of sentencing are considered, on the basis of which the similarities of the institutional punishment of the Republic of Armenia and the Republic of Artsakh were studied. Based on a comparative analysis of the post-election situations in the Republic of Armenia and the Republic of Artsakh, it turned out that even with the similarity and uniformity of the legislative settlement of problems related to the non-obstructive exercise of political rights, the results in Armenia and Artsakh are different. The presented article notes that crimes related to political rights, first of all, are levelled against the strengthening and development of democratic values and principles, and based on this and on the basis of a multi-faceted analysis of the nature of the problems of resolving issues related to the implementation of political rights, appropriate methodological and legislative proposals are made.
Hubungan Sosial Budaya Dengan Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita Usia 24-59 Bulan Di Desa Bone-Bone Kecamatan Baraka Kabupaten Enrekang Tahun 2020
Authors: Ibrahim Irviani Anwar , Alam Syamsul , Adha Andi Syamsiah , Jayadi Yusma Indah , Fadlan Muhammad
Published: September 2022

Stunting adalah kondisi gagal pertumbuhan pada anak akibat kekurangan gizi dalam waktu yang lama. Menurut WHO, Indonesia termasuk ke dalam negara1ketiga dengan prevalensi tertinggi di regional Asia Tenggara /South-East Asia Regional (SEAR). Rata-rata1prevalensi balita stunting di Indonesia tahun 2005-2017 adalah 36,4%, sehingga persentase balita pendek di Indonesia masih tinggi. Menurut Riskesdas tahun 2018, provensi sualawesi selatan masih berada di angka 35,4% , dengan kabupaten Enrekang tertiggi ke-5 dengan persentase 42%. Data PSG tahun 2018 menunjukkan bahwa kecamatan yang memiliki prevalensi stunting tertinggi  yaitu Kecamatan Baraka sebesar 45,1%. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui bagaimana hubungan sosial budaya dengan kejadian stunting pada baita usia 24-59 bulan di Desa Bone-Bone Kecamatan Baraka Kabupaten Enrekang tahun 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara menggunakan kuesioner dengan teknik total sampling. Jumlah populasi dalam penelitin ini adalah 34 balita, dan jumlah sampel juga sebanyak 34 balita karena menggunakan total sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara dukungan keluarga (p=0,050) dengan kejadian stunting tidak terdapat hubungan antara sosial budaya (p=0,0281), kepercayaan makanan (p=0,089), dan pengasuhan anak (p=1.000) dengan kejadian stunting pada balita usia 24-59 bulan.
Aposentadoria especial à luz da EC 103/2019
Authors: Lang Luana Konopka , Ningeliski Adriane de Oliveira
Published: September 2022

O presente artigo está relacionado a nova regra etária para concessão do benefício de aposentadoria especial de acordo com a reforma previdenciária. Tem como objetivo analisar a aplicabilidade do inciso I, alíneas a, b e c do artigo 19 da Emenda Constitucional 103/19 e os motivos que tornam esse dispositivo inconstitucional bem como demonstrar os fundamentos expostos na Ação Direta de Inconstitucionalidade 6.309 que corroboram com a temática, além de apresentar o contexto fático e histórico que norteiam a concessão da aposentadoria especial. O método adotado para o  artigo decorre de uma ampla revisão bibliográfica em doutrinas, legislação e artigos científicos, sendo o método de abordagem o dedutivo, tendo em vista que a saúde do trabalhador é o seu principal mecanismo e a exposição prolongada a agentes nocivos é um retrocesso constitucional. Pode-se concluir que é inconstitucional a inserção de idade mínima para a concessão do benefício principalmente a partir da análise reflexiva dos fundamentos expostos na ação direta de inconstitucionalidade 6.309 de 2020.
Caracterização dos produtores rurais e sistema produtivo da viticultura no Planalto Norte Catarinense
Authors: Wurz Douglas André , Jastrombek Jessiane Mary
Published: September 2022

Devido as condições edafoclimáticas do Planalto Norte Catarinense, entende-se que a região apresenta potencial para a viticultura. No entanto, são escassas as informações relacionadas a produção de uvas, bem como uma caracterização dos viticultores e características do sistema produtivo. Nesse contexto, tem-se como objetivo do trabalho, caracterizar o perfil do viticultor, e características do sistema produtivo na região do Planalto Norte Catarinense. A metodologia utilizada no trabalho foi um estudo de caso com os produtores de uva na região do Planalto Norte Catarinense. A coleta das informações ocorreu entre os meses de junho e agosto de 2019, através de um questionário, sendo realizado presencialmente com cada produtor rural. A análise e interpretação dos dados foram realizadas de forma ampla, correlacionando com outros conhecimentos e comparando com outros estudos. Apesar do cultivo da videira e seu processamento já serem realizadas a anos, verifica-se um volume baixo desses produtos elaborados, sendo o suco de uva o produto mais elaborado. A variedade mais cultivada na região é a Bordô, predominando o sistema de sustentação Latada, destacando-se o espaçamento de 3,0 x 2,0 m. Tendo o controle de pragas e doenças como principal entrave de produção, aliado a grande diversidade de variedades cultivadas, de sistemas de sustentação utilizados, e de espaçamentos de plantas no vinhedo,  conclui-se que a atividade ainda carece de pesquisa e assistência técnica, a fim de orientar os produtores rurais a adotaram as variedades mais adaptadas em sistemas de cultivo que otimizem a produtividade sem que haja perda da qualidade da uva.
Palavras-chave: Vitis spp. Desenvolvimento regional. Suco de uva, Vinho de Mesa.
Rethinking the Role of Local Governments in Housing Policy: Focused on Public Rental Housing
Authors:   Korean Association for Housing Policy Studies, Yang Hee Jin , Kim Jun-Hyung , Park Dongha , Kim Nahyun
Published: September 2022

Since housing is a location-fixed property, the causes and solutions for housing problems in each region are inevitably different. Accordingly, since the 1990s, when the local autonomy system began, there has been continued discussions on the necessity of localizing housing policies. However, the central government still plays a leading role in the planning and implementation of housing policies, and the local governments play a supportive role. While focusing on the public rental housing policies, this paper aims to identify the obstacles deterring the localization of housing policies and to suggest practical implications for expanding the role of local governments in public housing policies. Through in-depth interviews with major stakeholders such as local governments and local public enterprises, this paper argues that the local government’s comprehensive housing plan should be strengthened in terms of its status and role. In the proposed new system, local governments establish public rental housing policies in consideration of individual local conditions. The central government should present budget allocation standards so that local governments can reduce the financial burden of the supply and management of public rental housing.
Vozes/experiências negras em poemas de Carla Lima e Cristina Carlos
Authors: Lourenço Amanda Regina dos Santos , Samyn Henrique Marques
Published: September 2022

O artigo apresenta apontamentos acerca de dois poemas originalmente publicados na antologia Djidiu – a herança do ouvido: doze formas mais uma de se falar da experiência negra em Portugal (2017). Assinados por Carla Lima (“Neste mundo, que é só meu”) e Cristina Carlos (“Outra educação”), os poemas são lidos como registros literários de experiências de corpos racializados como negros na sociedade portuguesa.
System Identification of a Subscale Distributed Electric Propulsion Aircraft
Authors: Perry Aaron T. , Bretl Timothy , Ansell Phillip J.
Published: September 2022

Flight testing of a 21%-scale Cirrus SR22T aircraft with a distributed electric propulsion system was performed with the goal of identifying the influence of distributed propulsion units on the aircraft flight dynamics. Stability and control derivatives for this configuration were identified for a linear aircraft model, including throttle-based control influences of a semispan-distributed array of propulsors. Unknown model parameters were identified from flight test data under unsteady excitation of control effectors using frequency-domain system-identification methods, and the resultant model was validated against independently acquired sets of flight data. The identified throttle-based control derivatives were characteristic of anticipated local thrust contributions from each propulsor and associated proportional yawing moments. Additional throttle-based control influences were also observed, through modulation in the aircraft lift, pitch, and roll characteristics. Furthermore, significant spanwise nonuniformity was observed in the aircraft lift sensitivity to throttle changes, which was linked to three-dimensional influences of the wing aerodynamics. These observations demonstrate the inherent degree of interconnectivity between aerodynamics, propulsion, and control subsystems characteristic of aircraft with distributed electric propulsion systems.