bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pamida y metformina como hipoglicemiantes orales y el extracto acuoso de las hojas de Smallanthus sonchifolius (Poepp) Rob. "Yacón" por hiperglicemia experimental en Rattus norvegicus var. albina
Authors: Castro L. Américo J. , Felix V. Luis M. , Rojas M. Nancy
Published: September 2020

Se realizó 1a evaluación comparativa de tres fármacos de síntesis utilizados como hipoglicemiantes orales con el extracto acuoso obtenido por infusión de las hojas de Smallanthus sochifolíuS (Poepp) Rob. "yacón", utilizando un biomodelo experimental por hiperglicemia en ratas normoglucémicas de la especie Rattus norvegicus var. Albina. El objetivo de la investigación fue observar el efecto del extracto acuoso al 10% de las hojas de "yacón" en el descenso de la glicemia frente a la glibenclamida, clorpropamida y metformina, que tienen amplio uso en el tratamiento de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). El material vegetal fue colectado en el distrito de Huancabamba provincia de Oxapampa del departamento de Cerro de Pasco. El ensayo farmacológico se realizó con 36 ratas albinas hembras, cepa Holtzman con un peso promedio de 240 g, que estuvieron sometidas a una alimentación controlada y agua ad libitum, hasta el momento del experimento. Se determinó la curva de tolerancia a la glucosa y la administración de las drogas se hizo por vía intragástrica. Los resultados obtenidos muestran un descenso significativo de glicemia con el extracto acuoso utilizado. Con la aplicación del extracto y los fármacos en el biomodelo experimental. se concluye que las hojas de yacón produce un efecto de disminución significativa de la glicemia.
Preparación para la higiene bucal
Authors: Pareja P. Bertha
Published: September 2020

La boca es una cavidad del cuerpo humano muy importante. A través de ella ingresan los alimentos, los medicamentos y todo lo que se ingiere para la buena conservación de la vida y la salud. Su estructura anatómica es compleja, sus paredes están recubiertas por un epitelio muy vascularizado, contiene la lengua, las encías, las glándulas salivares y los dientes. Sus funciones son múltiples, siendo una de las más importantes la DEGUSTACIÓN. Sin embargo, la multitud de sabores que percibimos, no son debidos únicamente a sensaciones gustativas bucales, sino a una multitud de otras, tales como el tacto bucal, la temperatura y sobre todo el olfato. Esto da lugar a que cuando nosotros nos tapamos la nariz, la percepción de algunos sabores desaparezca o se haga muy difícil de identificar, debido a que en parte esa función se realiza en las membranas olfativas.
Frecuencia genotípica para la presencia de TPA-25 en una población de estudiantes universitarios de Lima-Perú
Authors: Casas Paola M. , Zavaleta Amparo I. , Cataño Héctor C.
Published: September 2020

El objetivo del presente trabajo de investigación fue el de estudiar la frecuencia genotípica para la presencia de la inserción Alu TPA-25 en el intrón 8 del gen activador del plasminógeno tisular (TPA), en una población de 50 estudiantes universitarios de la Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Para determinar la presencia de TPA-25, se utilizó la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR), con cebadores específicos para la inserción Alu. Las frecuencias genotípicas fueron determinadas por conteo de la presencía o ausencia de la inserción Alu, y luego, evaluadas a través de la prueba de Chi-cuadrado (X2) para conocer si se encontraban en equilibrio de Hardy-Weinberg. Las frecuencias genotípicas para la presencia de TPA-25 estuvieron en equilibrio de Hardy-Weinberg (X2 = 1.366, P = 0.505) y fueron: homocígoto presencia de inserción Alu TPA-25 = 0.108, heterocigoto TPA-25 = 0.568 Y homocigoto ausencia de inserción Alu TPA-25 = 0.324. En conclusión, en la población estudiada existe un predominio de los heterocigotos sobre los homocigotos.
Inmigración venezolana y estigmatización laboral en el Perú
Authors: Loayza Jerjes
Published: September 2020

La migración venezolana, al día de hoy, es el suceso migratorio más impactante en el devenir de la historia peruana debido a su elevado número. Se estudian las intersubjetividades durante los años 2017 a 2019, con especial énfasis en el estudio del cuerpo y de las emociones migrantes insertas en el intercambio de valoraciones subjetivas. Para ello se aplican entrevistas a profundidad, historias y memorias de vida a mujeres y hombres migrantes de nacionalidad venezolana en las ciudades de Lima, Ayacucho, Chiclayo y Cusco. Se reconocen rencores, enfrentamientos y prejuicios entre peruanos y venezolanos, los cuales son potenciados por los medios de comunicación. El choque de costumbres, pensamientos y creencias incluirían brotes de xenofobia y patriarcalismo que, si bien provocaría la radicalización de la desigualdad, se debe entender en la dinámica ya conocida de la discriminación y violencia contra la mujer que venía desarrollándose en Perú de manera estructural. Finalmente se destaca la constancia del migrante venezolano para reinventar nuevas dinámicas que buscan a la aceptación peruana para su inserción laboral en el país.
Participación protagónica de las personas adultas mayores y la actuación profesional del Trabajo Social
Authors: García Escobar Jorge , Villa Cavero Joselyn
Published: September 2020

El presente texto tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre la participación protagónica de las personas adultas mayores y su estrecha relación con la actuación profesional del Trabajo Social. La realidad demográfica del Perú está en constante cambio, generando un fenómeno demográfico progresivo: envejecimiento poblacional. Al mismo tiempo, aún existen estereotipos que encasillan a las y los adultos mayores en un rol de sujeto pasivo. Ante este escenario, ellas y ellos, desde su participación protagónica, y, a través de sus organizaciones de lucha por sus derechos, han fijado las bases para coadyuvar en la construcción de una sociedad inclusiva, que los dignifique como sujetos de derechos y en el marco del paradigma del protagonismo. Frente a esta realidad, el Trabajo Social acompaña, valora y contribuye con la participación activa y decisiva de esta población, visibilizando sus necesidades, demandas y aportes, para luchar con ellas y ellos por una sociedad inclusiva para todas las edades; y, concretando su actuación profesional a través de las políticas públicas.
Migración y conflicto intercultural: del sol naciente a la tierra de Pachacamac
Authors: Otta Rivera Vicente
Published: September 2020

Explora y reflexiona sobre el mundo social de los migrantes japoneses en el Perú oligárquico. Analiza el contexto y la formación de la comunidad nissei a través de la historia de la vida singular de su padre y el proceso de construcción de una identidad cultural que marcó la historia y la memoria familiar actual.
La auditoría y su influencia en el control de las actividades realizadas por las empresas
Authors: Zambrano Montesdeoca Lady Diana , Gilces Vidal Cruz Nathaly
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: Conocer sobre la auditoría y su influencia en el control de las actividades realizadas por las empresas. Método: El enfoque del estudio fue cuantitativo, el tipo de investigación descriptiva, correlacional y exploratoria; el diseño transeccional no experimental. Se realizó una investigación de campo, con visitas a las empresas, empleando encuestas y conociendo su realidad; a su vez se recurrió a la investigación histórica, con la cual se obtuvo información auténtica de las empresas y de la utilización de auditorías a nivel empresarial. Resultados: Las auditorías influyen en el control de las actividades que realizan las empresas, ya que pueden ayudar a las entidades a mejorar su funcionalidad y alcanzar significativos ahorros en los costos. Conclusiones: Se logró determinar la situación actual de las empresas en estudio, conociendo sus fortalezas y debilidades, lo cual permitió conocer su operatividad, con el propósito de verificar la veracidad de las auditorías y justificar el uso de sus recursos de manera eficiente constatando la importancia de llevar a cabo este tipo de control minucioso y exhaustivo cada determinado tiempo en las organizaciones.
La fiscalidad del Comercio Electrónico en el contexto tributario ecuatoriano
Authors: Gutiérrez Jaramillo Néstor Daniel , Barrueto Pérez María Teresa , Orellana Ulloa Milca Naara
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: Determinar la fiscalidad del comercio electrónico en el contexto tributario ecuatoriano. Método: El enfoque del estudio fue de tipo documental, exploratorio y descriptivo en el que la información fue seleccionada a partir de la lectura crítica de documentos y material bibliográfico, información oficial y estadísticas de organismos nacionales e internacionales. Resultados: Si bien se evidencia que en el Ecuador el comercio electrónico se encuentra creciendo de forma sostenida, con transacciones que en el año 2018 superaron los mil millones de dólares, en el ámbito tributario este tipo de transacciones son muy difíciles de controlar, cuantificar y medir, principalmente por la limitación en cuanto a la residencia fiscal, tanto del vendedor como del comprador, convirtiéndose en un gran obstáculo para la administración tributaria. Conclusiones: En el Ecuador no existe una normativa tributaria relacionada con el comercio electrónico, es decir, la Ley de Régimen Tributario Interno no indica sobre el hecho generador que se concibe al llevar a cabo una transacción utilizando medios electrónicos, ni al sujeto que se encuentra obligado a tributar por realizar dichas actividades.
El contador público frente a la cuarta revolución industrial
Authors: Gómez Méndez Julio , Janampa Acuña Nerio
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: Evidenciar si los Contadores Públicos en el Perú están capacitados para enfrentar la cuarta revolución industrial y analizar las competencias profesionales de la contaduría para prestar servicios en los entes económicos digitalizados. Método: Investigación cualitativa, documental no experimental, por cuanto no se ha manipulado las variables; sino que se ha observado el fenómeno objeto de estudio a través del análisis, la crítica y la comparación de diversas fuentes de información, considerando autenticidad, credibilidad, representación y significado. Resultados: La revolución industrial 4.0 no sustituye a los Contadores Públicos, pero sí exige nuevas competencias. Los Contadores Públicos no están preparados aún para afrontar los retos de la cuarta revolución industrial. Conclusiones: Los Contadores Públicos en el Perú deben estar en una constante capacitación holística, actualizados a los cambios tecnológicos, con formación interdisciplinaria, con conocimiento normativo y desarrollo de habilidades blandas.
Tasawuf dan Penyembuhan: Studi atas Air Manaqib dan Tradisi Pengobatan Jamaah Aolia, Panggang, Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta
Authors: Hidayat Arif , Novianti Ida
Published: September 2020

This paper attempts to examine the values and meanings behind the tradition that developed in the Jamaah Aolia Panggang, Yogyakarta had strong beliefs related to Banyu Manaqib as a cure for disease. As a result, First, values and meanings behind the tradition that developed in the Jamaah Aolia Panggang, Yogyakarta had strong beliefs related to Banyu Manaqib as a cure for disease. The worshipers spread out in these various regions only have a division of priests in their respective regions. The belief held by the Jamaah Aolia Panggang is that their need of reading shalawat, pray for aulia through hymns, and prayers for martyrs and believers since living. Second, Banyu Manaqib as a cure for disease in the praying water in which the prayer is contained. The particles have been aligned and focused so that it is easier to integrate in repairing damaged body cells. The performance of water in cleansing the body will be optimized after having prayers. Dialectics of microcosm and macrocosm based on the method of "reflection"; namely the symbolic image in humans and the nature of the existence of objects on earth which are shadows from His sky. Third, dynamics Sufism and Healing related to the use of Manaqib Water as a treatment for Jamaah Aolia Panggang, Yogyakarta is seen deeply manaqib who practice dhikr to Allah SWT, in addition to prayer, it is recommended always in a state of purification (berwudhu). This sacred condition is what keeps the human heart to remain tuma'ninah at the time of zikir or manaqib take place.
Identificación morfológica, morfométrica y molecular de Meloidogyne exigua (Göeldi 1887) en café (Coffea arabica)
Authors: Artavia-Carmona Roy , Peraza-Padilla Walter
Published: September 2020

Introducción. El género Meloidogyne contiene muchas especies y el diagnóstico correcto de estas debe basarse en el uso de múltiples herramientas, mismas que en laboratorios de diagnóstico permiten una evaluación correcta y confiable, especialmente cuando podría tratarse de nematodos cuarentenarios. La identificación adecuada de un fitonematodo es importante no solo para establecer una apropiada estrategia de control, sino que también para evitar su diseminación a otras áreas donde podría provocar daños que se traducirían en pérdidas económicas. Objetivo. Realizar estudios taxonómicos y moleculares para confirmar la especie de Meloidogyne, asociada a una plantación de café en la localidad de San Pedro de Barva, Heredia. Materiales y métodos. Se recolectaron muestras de suelo y raíz en una plantación de café ubicada en Barva, Heredia, Costa Rica, las cuales se procesaron en el laboratorio de Nematología de la Escuela de Ciencias Agrarias de la Universidad Nacional (UNA), por el método centrifugación-flotación en solución azucarada y técnicas moleculares. Resultados. En promedio se contabilizaron 30 J2 en 100 cc-1 en suelo y 1000 J2 en 10 g-1 de raíces del nematodo agallador. Tanto las técnicas taxonómicas como moleculares permitieron identificar que las hembras y juveniles extraídos de raíces de café correspondieron a Meloidogyne exigua. El análisis de las secuencias generadas mediante PCR y el uso de la enzima Dral confirmaron la identidad de la especie con un 99 % de similitud al compararla con secuencias de Costa Rica y Nicaragua, reportadas en el Genbank. Conclusión. Mediante el uso de diferentes técnicas morfométricas y moleculares se identificó a M. exigua asociada a una plantación de café.
Análisis de la competitividad de la porcicultura en Tejupilco y Luvianos, México (2006-2018)
Authors: Hernández-Martínez Juvencio , Rodríguez-Licea Gabriela , Gómez-Tenorio Germán , Guzmán-Soria Eugenio , Rebollar-Rebollar Eulogio , Rebollar-Rebollar Samuel
Published: September 2020

Introducción. La producción de carne de cerdo en canal en México, ocupó el tercer lugar dentro de la producción de carnes después de la carne de bovino y de aves; el volumen producido de carne de este tipo no ha sido suficiente para cubrir el consumo nacional y disminuir las importaciones. Objetivo. Analizar la evolución de los costos, de la rentabilidad y competitividad de la producción porcina en las regiones de Tejupilco y Luvianos, ubicados en el Sur del Estado de México. Materiales y métodos. La investigación se realizó con información proveniente de cuarenta productores de traspatio y una tecnificada; la metodología utilizada fue la Matriz de Análisis de Política, con la que se elaboraron las matrices de coeficientes técnicos y de los precios de los insumos y del producto, con la que obtuvieron las matrices de presupuesto privado. Resultados. Las rentabilidades privadas (RP) se ubicaron en 26 % para las de traspatio y en 43 % para la tecnificada, mientras que la relación de costo privado (RCP) fue de 0,35 para las de traspatio y de 0,17 para la tecnificada, con lo que se observó una mayor competitividad en esta última. Conclusión. Los indicadores señalan que en 2018, éstos dos tipos de explotaciones porcícolas fueron rentables y competitivos en relación a los obtenidos en 2006, debido principalmente a movimientos en términos constantes de los costos de los insumos, que descendieron y al aumento en el precio del cerdo en pie, lo que contribuyó a que estos productores realizaran acciones tendientes a ser más productivos y eficientes.
Ventilación natural en invernadero con mallas anti-insecto evaluadas con un modelo computacional de fluidos
Authors: Villagran Edwin Andrés , Jaramillo Jorge Eliecer , León-Pacheco Rommel Igor
Published: September 2020

Introducción. En Colombia, la producción hortícola en el trópico bajo es limitada principalmente por factores bióticos como el ataque de plagas, patógenos y factores abióticos como valores extremos de temperatura, radiación solar, viento y precipitación. Objetivo. Evaluar dos tipos de mallas anti-insecto en las áreas de ventilación de un invernadero colombiano ventilado de formado natural con el fin de analizar el efecto sobre las tasas de ventilación y el microclima generado. Materiales y métodos. El Estudio se desarrolló en el año 2019 en el departamento de Magdalena, Colombia. El enfoque metodológico incluyó el uso de modelo computacional de fluidos (CFD) 2-D para el desarrollo de quince simulaciones en estado estacionario, el modelo CFD fue validado experimentalmente en el prototipo del invernadero real evaluado. Resultados. Los parámetros de bondad de ajuste entre los datos medidos y simulados mostraron valores de error medio absoluto (MAE) y la raíz del error cuadrático medio (RMSE) para la temperatura y la humedad relativa de 0,15 y 0,32 °C, 2,41 y 2,73 %, respectivamente. Hubo una reducción promedio de las tasas de ventilación entre 55,3 y 77,1 % en comparación con el escenario de referencia que no incluyó la presencia de mallas anti-insecto, esta reducción generó modificaciones en el comportamiento de las variables temperatura y humedad relativa en el interior del invernadero, con una marcada distribución espacial heterogénea. Conclusión. Las condiciones micro climáticas más inadecuadas se presentaron en escenarios de baja velocidad de viento exterior, por lo tanto, es recomendable seleccionar e implementar algún tipo de malla anti-insecto en las áreas de ventilación de un invernadero basado en el comportamiento local de esta variable.
Quality of raw milk in the highland tropics of Nariño, Colombia
Authors: Tobar-Delgado Magaly Elizabeth , Rodríguez-Bautista José Luis , Patiño-Burbano Rocio Esperanza , Argote-Vega Francisco Emilio , Castro-Rincón Edwin , Mogollón-García Henry David
Published: September 2020

Introduction. The production and commercialization of raw milk in Nariño, Colombia, follows microbiological and compositional standards on which payment for quality is made. However, quality can be affected during its transport after milking. Objective. To describe the microbiological and compositional quality of raw milk in the highland tropic. Materials and methods. The study was carried out in seven municipalities in the department of Nariño, Colombia, during the rainy season between February and July of 2017. Two milk samples from the same milk can were collected, one after milking (farm; n = 10), and the second at the collection point (tank; n = 10). In each sample, the following variables were evaluated: height above the sea level of the collection site, aerobic mesophilic count (CFU), total coliform count (COL), milk temperature, fat (FAT), protein (PC) and total solids (TS). Results. The temperature of the milk was higher on the farm compared to the tank (30±0.68 vs. 23±0.87 °C, respectively). The aerobic mesophilic count was higher in the tank vs. farm (116,470 vs. 41,388 CFU ml-1, respectively). The temperature of the milk was negatively correlated with the distance and the transport time of the milk (-0.86 and -0.84, respectively). The compositional quality of the milk was not affected by transport conditions. Conclusion. In the high tropic conditions, the microbiological quality of raw milk was negatively affected by the increase in the aerobic mesophilic counts.
On Passing of Interstellar Clouds Through a Galactic Spiral Arm
Authors: Zemlyakov Alexander , Eremin Mikhail , Kovalenko Ilya , Zhukova Elena
Published: September 2020

It is believed that the taxonomy of interstellar clouds in their vicinity can serve as an indicator of the features of the geometry and intensity of galactic shock waves. In this paper, the authors present the results of a detailed two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation of the passage of a cloud through the spiral arm of a galaxy and provide a brief analysis of the effects arising from this motion. The model of interstellar gas used assumes adiabatic flow in the spiral arm. The external gravitational field of the galactic disk and spiral arm is taken into account. The transverse dimensions of the arm in the calculations are taken as follows: the half-width of the arm is 1 kpc along the plane of the disk and 0.6 kpc in the vertical direction. A fragment of the flow is considered near and inside the spiral arm, the effects of the curvature of the arm and the
influence of the Coriolis forces are neglected. It is shown that clouds passing through the arm are strongly deformed and lose a significant part of the mass or are completely destroyed in the case of low-mass clouds. The boundary value of the cloud mass at which complete destruction occurs lies in the interval between 3 000 and 6 000 M.
On Visualization of the Anisotropy of the Dispersion of Velocities of Polydisperse Dust in a Gas-Dust Medium
Authors: Bezborodov Mikhail , Eremin Mikhail , Korolev Vitaliy , Kovalenko Ilya , Zhukova Elena
Published: September 2020

A large number of publications have been devoted to studying the features of the flow in two-phase flows in a gas-dispersed flow with inertial dust particles (shock waves, jets, turbulence, regular structures such as plasma crystals). In recent years, the study of the behavior of various fractions of impurity particles in polydisperse dust mixtures, expressed in the spatial separation of their distributions, has been of increasing interest. Spatial variations of individual components of the dust mixture make it possible to diagnose the state of the carrier gas phase in those cases when the carrier phase is very rarefied
and cannot be observed directly (interstellar gas).

This work is a continuation of the authors’ work [14], in which an original algorithm was proposed based on the use of three-dimensional color space resources, which allows visualizing spatial distributions of concentrations of up to three fractions of a polydisperse mixture of dust particles simultaneously, as well as an entropy measure that allows visualizing the degree of polydispersity in a heterogeneous gas-and-dust environment. However, the structural features of the impurity phase (caustics, areas of segregation of dust particles by their size, mass, etc.) are not necessarily spatially combined with its dynamic features
(collisionless shock waves, flow turning points, stagnation points, accumulation points).

In this paper, we propose a method for visualizing the dynamic features of a polydisperse collisionless mixture of particles in a two-phase gas-dust medium by constructing spatial distribution maps of the particle velocity dispersion anisotropy regions. Strong anisotropy of the velocity dispersion corresponds to the region in which an intense multi-stream flow occurs.

Dust is considered as a mixture of several fractions, each of which contains particles of the same type, while the particle sizes in different fractions are different. For each dust fraction, a field is constructed of the spatial distributions of the eccentricities of the velocity dispersion ellipses. To visualize the degrees of anisotropy of the velocity dispersion of two fractions of a polydisperse dust mixture at once, a specially selected entropy measure is proposed. The results of two-dimensional demonstration calculations of a turbulent gas-dust medium and the anisotropy map in the distribution of the velocity dispersion of an impurity dust component are presented.
Where Do We Go from Here? A Postcard from France in the Grip of the Pandemic
Authors: Floriet Patricia
Published: September 2020

Patricia Floriet, who taught for 22 years at the Institute for Political Sciences in Grenoble, sends these observations and reflections on the way the pandemic has affected all those connected to education in her village in south-east France.
Could This Be the End of Schools as We Know Them? Another Way Is Needed
Authors: Cansell Peter , Marples Pip
Published: September 2020

The crisis caused by the coronavirus pandemic opens an opportunity to reconsider fundamental questions about education and society, and to remake schools as more vital, life-enhancing, humane and creative places dedicated to benefitting the child rather than fitting the child to the
system. What is education's purpose? What are the best learning environments for our children and young people? How should we understand equity in relation to our education system?
The Centre Cannot Hold: primary teachers, educational purpose and the future
Authors: Spicksley Kathryn
Published: September 2020

As part of a wider research project, early career primary teachers were asked to rank various teacher responsibilities and characteristics in terms of importance. The participants showed a high level of attachment to the concept of 'the future', and struggled to perceive education as
disassociated from preparedness. The future was firmly at the centre of their teaching practice. A year after conducting this research, the future was suddenly interrupted. With the arrival of COVID-19 came the cancellation of phonics screening tests and national curriculum assessments (SATs),
and a realisation that the future in teaching is perhaps less predictable than previously assumed. In this article, the author listens again to the voices of the participants in order to illuminate a future orientation within the teaching community that she believes, in the light of recent
events, cannot hold.
Changes of Motor Function according to Attention Differences in Stroke Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Pilot Study
Authors: Ha Sun-Young , Sung Yun-Hee
Published: September 2020

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of electroencephalography (EEG) activity on balance and gait while physiotherapy in stroke patients.METHODS: General physiotherapy was applied to 18 stroke patients for 30 minutes per session, 5 times a week, for a total 4 weeks. EEG measured for one week while intervention. Based on the attention score, group was classified into high and low attention groups. We used functional reaching test to measure dynamic balance and GAITRite to measure spatiotemporal variables during gait.RESULTS: In the high attention group, the sensorimotor rhythm wave was high and the dynamic balance was significantly increased (p<.05). There were significant differences in stance time, single support time, and double support time among temporal variables (p<.05). There were significant differences in step length, stride length, swing % of cycle, stance % of cycle, single support % of cycle, and double support % of cycle among the spatial gait variables (p<.05).CONCLUSIONS: The high attention during physiotherapy helps improvement of balance and gait ability in stroke patients, therefore, it may be considered in intervention.
Effects of Combine Exercise on HSP70 and SOD1 Expression of Aorta, Skeletal Muscle and Myocardium in High Fat Diet induced Obese Aging Rats
Authors: Ahn Nayoung
Published: September 2020

PURPOSE: Exercise improve myocardial cell protection and vascular function through cell repair and suppression of oxidative stress in cardiovascular diseases caused by aging. This study aimed to investigate the effect of combine exercise on HSP70 and SOD1 protein expression of aorta, skeletal muscle and myocardium in high fat diet induced obese aging rats.METHODS: Male 50-week-old Sprague Dawley rats (n=40) were divided into normal diet (ND, n=10), normal diet+exercise (NDEx, n=10), high fat diet (HFD, n=10), and high fat diet+exercise (HFDEx, n=10) groups. After six weeks on a high fat diet to induce obesity, a 12-week combine exercise program was implemented, which combine exercise (treadmill running+ladder climbing) three times a week for 45 minutes per session.RESULTS: Body weight was significantly decreased after 12 weeks combine exercise program compared to the ND group (p<.05) and HFDEx group compared to the HFD group (p<.05), respectively. After completing the 12-week exercise program, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) expressions were significantly (p<.05) higher in the NDEx group compared to the ND group in the myocardium. Also, SOD1 protein expression was significantly (p<.05) higher in the NDEx group compared to the ND group and HFDEx group compared to the HFD group in the skeletal muscle.CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, combine exercise intervention of high fat diet-induced obesity resulted in decreased cell repair protein and antioxidant enzyme protein in the myocardium. Therefore, it is thought that combine exercise intervention for obese induced rats improved the cell repair protein and antioxidant enzyme activity of the myocardium.
Devir da fábrica: patrimônio industrial em disputa na zona leste de São Paulo
Authors: GAGLIARDI CLARISSA MARIA , CARVALHO MÔNICA DE
Published: September 2020

RESUMO Os processos de reconversão econômica observados nas metrópoles mundiais desde a última década do século passado têm sido frequentemente analisados tendo por referência o campo da ciência econômica, cuja ênfase recai sobre as consequências da desindustrialização, permanecendo com menor problematização os destinos do ambiente construído objetivado no espaço urbano durante a atividade industrial. Em São Paulo, vive-se um crescente processo de desconcentração industrial desde o início deste milênio, sendo a zona leste a que tem sofrido seu maior impacto. Tendo disponibilizado metragens significativas, instalou-se uma disputa em torno da requalificação desse patrimônio industrial, opondo de um lado capital imobiliário e de outro, nem sempre associados, moradores e edilidade pública, representada sobretudo nos órgãos de preservação. Abre-se, portanto, a partir desse conflito instalado, a possibilidade de propor uma análise do processo de reconversão econômica a partir da perspectiva orientada pelo campo de conhecimento do patrimônio cultural. Considerando as diretrizes internacionais para a preservação do patrimônio cultural, incluindo-se aí o papel social requerido dos museus, e do caráter multidimensional das experiências que se tornaram paradigmáticas da salvaguarda do patrimônio industrial, se evidencia o fato de que o simples tombamento e/ou manutenção física de imóveis fabris não são ações suficientes para que se cumpra a função social do patrimônio, inclusive da perspectiva do próprio trabalho como cultura viva e processo formador de identidades. É nesse sentido que, a partir da análise de antigas fábricas refuncionalizadas na zona leste de São Paulo, o texto busca problematizar as destinações de uso dos imóveis fabris.
El concepto de territorio para la gestión institucional del patrimonio fotográfico sobre derechos humanos: el caso del Archivo Nacional de la Memoria (Argentina)
Authors: LOPEZ ANDRÉ PORTO ANCONA
Published: September 2020

RESUMEM El ensayo busca discutir el concepto de territorio como base estructurante de las líneas de acervo de instituciones dedicadas a la gestión de documentos fotográficos. La citada definición es fundamental para que tales instituciones puedan cumplir con calidad, su papel en la consolidación y preservación de un patrimonio fotográfico específico de un dicho territorio. Es importante señalar que tal concepción no implica necesariamente el establecimiento de fronteras geográficas, más bien, éstas dependen de la conformación simbólica - y, por supuesto, política - de un conjunto documental y de sus relaciones con la sociedad. En términos concretos se abordará la conformación institucional del Archivo Nacional de la Memoria, en Argentina, y sus conjuntos documentales fotográficos, analizados desde el punto de vista de sus características contextuales y de su relación con el territorio de los derechos humanos.
O Museu Paulista de Mário Neme (1960-1973)
Authors: SILVA TATHIANNI CRISTINI DA
Published: September 2020

RESUMO O presente artigo analisa a direção de Mário Neme à frente do Museu Paulista no decorrer dos anos 1960 até 1973. O intelectual assumiu o museu após o trabalho desenvolvido junto à organização da Exposição Histórica das Comemorações do IV Centenário da Cidade de São Paulo, ocorrida em 1954. Neme encontrou o museu com sérias dificuldades financeiras e de pessoal, com obras inacabadas desde 1953, o que impossibilitava o acesso do público ao espaço. A despeito das dificuldades encontradas, as ações e projetos empreendidos trouxeram mudanças significativas ao museu: desde sua abertura cotidiana ao público visitante, fortalecimento do setor de arqueologia, efetivação do curso de museologia, até sua anexação à Universidade de São Paulo, fato que o transformou paulatinamente em museu universitário. Para escrita do texto, foram analisados os relatórios anuais do museu, bem como aqueles que eram escritos pelas equipes de trabalho que compunham os quadros de pesquisadores e de funcionários da instituição. Foram realizadas, ainda, entrevistas com intelectuais e funcionários do museu. A leitura da documentação e as entrevistas concedidas permitiram perceber o Museu Paulista, durante a direção de Mário Neme, como um centro de pesquisas em desenvolvimento e importante espaço de sociabilidade dos intelectuais do período.
Developing one-part alkali-activated metakaolin/natural pozzolan binders using lime waste
Authors: Kadhim Abdullah , Sadique Monower , Al-Mufti Rafal , Hashim Khalid
Published: September 2020

Among the several schemes that have been reported to be a satisfactory alternative to Portland cement is alkali-activated cement, which has recently started to receive greater consideration in construction sectors. Conventional two-part alkali activation has many drawbacks, including that the activating solution is viscous, problematic and is not user friendly to handle. Thus, the aim of this research is to produce a one-part alkali-activated metakaolin/natural pozzolan, by using an earth alkaline source (rich in calcium oxide) from waste material (lime kiln dust), as an activating precursor to break the alumina-silicate crystalline phases. Thermal treatment of materials at two levels of treatment (450°C and 950°C) was used as an assisted activation approach. Analytical techniques, including X-ray powder diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, were utilised to investigate the performance of the developed materials at a molecular level. Reduction of crystalline peaks, as well as the appearance of new wollastonite minerals within the calcined lime kiln dust, contributed to the development of 27 MPa compressive strength after 28 days. The dissolution that occurred through the pozzolanic reaction as well as thermal treatment evidently contributed to transform crystalline to amorphous phases.
End-of-Life Care among US Adults with ESKD Who Were Waitlisted or Received a Kidney Transplant, 2005–2014
Authors: Butler Catherine R. , Reese Peter P. , Perkins James D. , Hall Yoshio N. , Curtis J. Randall , Kurella Tamura Manjula , O'Hare Ann M.
Published: September 2020

Significance Statement

For patients with ESKD, hoping for or receiving a kidney transplant can shape prognostic expectations and care processes. In this manuscript, the authors describe more intensive, inpatient-oriented patterns of end-of-life care for patients with ESKD who had been waitlisted for a kidney transplant or received a transplant, compared with other patients with ESKD. Patients who died while on the transplant waitlist were also less likely to have received hospice services and less likely to have discontinued dialysis before death. Because there are powerful defaults favoring use of aggressive interventions to prolong life in most health systems in the United States, these findings suggest that the broad relevance of advance care planning for patients with ESKD extends to the relatively healthy segment of this population that has engaged in the transplant process.

Background

The care of patients in the United States who have ESKD is often shaped by their hopes and prognostic expectations related to kidney transplant. Little is known about how patients’ engagement in the transplant process might relate to patterns of end-of-life care.

Methods

We compared six measures of intensity of end-of-life care among adults in the United States with ESKD who died between 2005 and 2014 after experiencing differing exposure to the kidney transplant process.

Results

Of 567,832 decedents with ESKD, 27,633 (5%) had a functioning kidney transplant at the time of death, 14,653 (3%) had a failed transplant, 16,490 (3%) had been removed from the deceased donor waitlist, 17,010 (3%) were inactive on the waitlist, 11,529 (2%) were active on the waitlist, and 480,517 (85%) had never been waitlisted for or received a transplant (reference group). In adjusted analyses, compared with the reference group, patients exposed to the transplant process were significantly more likely to have been admitted to an intensive care unit and to have received an intensive procedure in the last 30 days of life; they were also significantly more likely to have died in the hospital. Those who died on the transplant waitlist were also less likely than those in the reference group to have been enrolled in hospice and to have discontinued dialysis before death.

Conclusions

Patients who had engaged in the kidney transplant process received more intensive patterns of end-of-life care than other patients with ESKD. These findings support the relevance of advance care planning, even for this relatively healthy segment of the ESKD population.
Death after Kidney Transplantation: An Analysis by Era and Time Post-Transplant
Authors: Ying Tracey , Shi Bree , Kelly Patrick J. , Pilmore Helen , Clayton Philip A. , Chadban Steven J.
Published: September 2020

Significance Statement

Given that the annual number of kidney transplants and the number of recipients living with a kidney transplant continue to rise, a contemporary assessment of trends in post-transplant mortality is urgently required. The authors’ analyses show that, despite changes in recipient profiles that confer increased risks of mortality, risks of death progressively declined over the past 40 years at all time points after transplantation, including after graft failure. Incidences of death from cardiovascular disease, cancer, and infection have all declined. Relatively greater reductions in cardiovascular death mean that cancer deaths now match cardiovascular deaths beyond the first post-transplant year in those with a functioning graft. This indicates that clinicians should focus on preventing death from cardiovascular disease and infections early post-transplant, and cancer and cardiovascular disease at later time points.

Background

Mortality risk after kidney transplantation can vary significantly during the post-transplant course. A contemporary assessment of trends in all-cause and cause-specific mortality at different periods post-transplant is required to better inform patients, clinicians, researchers, and policy makers.

Methods

We included all first kidney-only transplant recipients from 1980 through 2018 from the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry. We compared adjusted death rates per 5-year intervals, using a piecewise exponential survival model, stratified by time post-transplant or time post–graft failure.

Results

Of 23,210 recipients, 4765 died with a functioning graft. Risk of death declined over successive eras, at all periods post-transplant. Reductions in early deaths were most marked; however, recipients ≥10 years post-transplant were 20% less likely to die in the current era compared with preceding eras (2015–2018 versus 2005–2009, adjusted hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% confidence interval, 0.69 to 0.90). In 2015–2018, cardiovascular disease was the most common cause of death, particularly in months 0–3 post-transplant (1.18 per 100 patient-years). Cancer deaths were rare early post-transplant, but frequent at later time points (0.93 per 100 patient-years ≥10 years post-transplant). Among 3657 patients with first graft loss, 2472 died and were not retransplanted. Death was common in the first year after graft failure, and the cause was most commonly cardiovascular (50%).

Conclusions

Reductions in death early and late post-transplant over the past 40 years represent a major achievement. Reductions in cause-specific mortality at all time points post-transplant are also apparent. However, relatively greater reductions in cardiovascular death have increased the prominence of late cancer deaths.
Synthesis and Characterization of Maleic Anhydride Modified Poly (Ethylene Glycol) as Polymeric Solid-Solid Phase Change Materials
Authors: GÜNGÖR ERTUĞRAL Tuğba , ALKAN Cemil
Published: September 2020

In this study, a novel type of polymeric solid-solid phase change materials (SSPCMs) and Maleic anhydride (MA) modified poly (ethylene glycol) PEG. MAM-PEG polymers were synthesized from different moleculer weight PEG (Mw: 4000, 6000) .On the other hand two different catalyst system was used; para toluene sulfonic acid (PTSA) and 1,8-Diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene (DBU).The PEG bound to the backbone of the polymers formed crystalline regions responsible from latent heat storage with reversible crystalline to amorphous phase transition as linked unit prevented total melting of the structure. Also MAM-PEG polyester polymers acid and hydroxyl values were determined for number of average molecular weight (Mn) and calculated as 36232 and 49020. Characterization and thermal properties of SSPCMs were performed by using fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques mainly. DSC results showed that solid-solid transitions 36-54 °C temperature range and 163-153 Jg-1 enthalpy. As a result, MAM-PEG polymers were found potential for thermal energy storage (TES) applications.
Theta Point Calculation of a Polymer Chain with Electric Dipole Moments: Monte Carlo Simulation
Authors: UYAVER Şahin
Published: September 2020

Monte Carlo simulations are used to simulate a single polymer chain in a more generalized model. The more generalized model differs from the simpler models by including dipole-dipole interactions. The polymer chain is modeled as a freely rotating chain where the neighboring beads are connected by harmonic spring. Excluded volume effects are included employing modified Lennard-Jones potential. As the extension in this work, each monomer unit carries permanently a freely-rotating electric dipole moment. After getting the system equilibrated the average values are measured and Θ-temperature of the system is determined. The effects of the presence of the dipole moments to the Θ-temperature of the system are investigated. The results are analyzed in comparison with a bare model.
The Geophytes of Sakarya City
Authors: SAĞIROĞLU Mehmet
Published: September 2020

Sakarya city is within the Europe-Siberia phytogeographic region in Turkey. The effect of the Black Sea climate is usually seen in the study area. Black sea climate is effective in the northern part, while the Mediterranean climate is generally dominat in the South. In the area under the influence of the Mediterranean climate, there is a vegetation where the maquis-pseudomaquis communities are seen. The main research area of this study is chosen to be the geophyte plants collected in the city of Sakarya, Turkey. 1051 plant specimens were collected during field studies between 2009-2020. From the plant collection, 220 taxa and 80 genus belonging to 29 families have been identified. 18 of these taxa, are endemic. Of the total taxa in the area are 40 elements Euro-Sibirian, 41 widespread, 79 Mediterrenian, 7 Iranian-Turan, 16 Euxine, 34 phytogeographically unknown, 1 Hyrcano, 1 Hyrcano-Euxine, 1 North Americana elements.
Investigation of Beam Width Shaping of a Ku-band Horn Antenna using a Diffractive Optic Element and an Electromagnetic Wave Absorber
Authors: TEBER Ahmet
Published: September 2020

The feasibility of beam-shaping of a Ku-Band horn as a transmitting (Tx) antenna by mounting two different versions of lenses which are kind of Fresnel Zone Plates (FZP) is studied. The designed and fabricated geometrical structures offer a simpler approach building Fresnel Zone Plates by using an electromagnetic wave absorber and diffractive optic material. The diffractive optic material, paraffin, forms a set of alternating open and opaque annular zones on a flat surface, based on the design principles of Fresnel Zone Plates. An electromagnetic wave absorber covers the top surface of the formed paraffin, but not including the grooves. Thereafter, the Fresnel Zone plates are suitably attached in front of the transmitter horn antenna, located in the far-field region of a receiving antenna. The half-power beam-widths for the horn antenna (unloaded) and with two types of lenses are investigated. The results indicate that Fresnel zone plate structures can play a role suppressing side lobes in H-plane so that the effective radiation is to be significantly concentrated.
Modelos de conocimiento didáctico del contenido científico y tecnológico en docentes de Química y Física
Authors: Salica Marcelo , Almirón Mirian , Porro Silvia
Published: September 2020

El presente artículo describe un trabajo de investigación que tuvo como objetivo comprender la interacción entre el conocimiento disciplinar y el conocimiento tecnológico fundamentado en la naturaleza de la ciencia y la tecnología, de un grupo de docentes de Química y Física en ejercicio y en formación. El mismo, se focaliza en el desarrollo del Conocimiento Didáctico del Contenido (CDC) y Contenido Tecnológico Pedagógico (TPACK), con enfoque holístico, durante el diseño de secuencias de enseñanza y aprendizaje, basado en la interacción persona-ordenador. La investigación, consiste en un estudio de caso, de carácter cualitativo y cuantitativo. Los resultados indican que el modelo de formación didáctica dinamiza las conexiones entre el conocimiento disciplinar y tecnológico, favorece determinados procesos de cambios y permanencias que orientan los modelos de cdc: tecnológico-disciplinar. Lo cual promueve en el pensamiento del profesorado un criterio de coherencia para el diseño de posibles escenarios didácticos de integración curricular de las TIC.
RUMI Rapid SARS-CoV-2 Photonic Detection System v1
Authors: M Asma , Marino John , Aguren Jerry
Published: September 2020

RUMI Detection rapidly detects the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in under 30 seconds. The test is able to detect SARS-CoV-2 with higher sensitivy and specificity using photonic amplification of the viral signal. The test is a point-of-care test that can be administered by any healthcare or community operator. Wear gloves and a mask when administering. Simply slip the disposable protective sleeve onto the device, insert the disposable tube into the RUMI, and have the user blow for 30 seconds and press the trigger button. The RUMI will begin analyzing results immediately! Once results appear on the result screen, remove disposable tube and twist on the "inactivating cap" to release virus inactivating reagent. Dispose of disposable tube and disposable sleeve in biohazard waste bin. Remove gloves and dispose. User results will be immediately shared to their network and their personal records. Repeat for next user.