bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intellectualization of Emergency Control of Power Systems on the Basis of Incorporated Ontologies of Knowledge-Bases
Authors: Morkun Vladimir , Kotov Ihor
Published: July 2019

The research deals with improvement of methods and systems of controlling integrated power systems (IPSs) on the basis of intellectualization of decision-making support. Complex analysis of large-scale accidents at power facilities is performed, and their causes and damages are determined. There is substantiated topicality of building condition knowledge-bases as the foundation for developing decision-support systems in power engineering. The top priorities of the research include developing methods of building a knowledge base based on intensity models of control actions influencing the parameters of power system conditions and introducing the smart system into information contours of the automated dispatch control system (ADCS), as well as assessing practical results of the research. To achieve these goals, the authors apply methods of experiment planning, artificial intelligence, knowledge presentation, mathematical simulation, and mathematical statistics as well as methods of power systems studying. The basic research results include regression models of a power system sensitivity to control actions, methods of building a knowledge base based on the models of sensitivity matrices, a structure of the smart decision-support system, a scheme of introducing the decision-support system into the operating ADCS environment. The problem of building a knowledge base of the dispatch decision-support system on the basis of empirical data resulted from calculating experiments on the system diagram has been solved. The research specifies practical efficiency of the suggested approaches and developed models.
Surface Localized Heat Transfer in Periodic Composites
Authors: Kula Dorota , Wierzbicki Ewaryst
Published: July 2019

A characteristic feature of the description of physical phenomena formulated by an appropriate boundary or initial-boundary value problem and occurring in microstructured materials is the investigation of the unknown field in the form of decomposition referred to as micro-macro hypothesis. The first term of this decomposition is usually the integral average of the unknown physical field. The second term is a certain disturbance imposed on the first term and is represented in the form of a finite or infinite number of singleton fluctuations. Mentioned expansion is usually referred to as a two-scale expansion of the unknown physical field. In the paper, we purpose to apply two-scale expansion in the form of a certain Fourier series as a result of an applying Surface Localization of the unknown field. The considerations are illustrated by two examples, which results in analytical approximated solutions to the Effective Heat Conduction Problem for periodic composites, including the full dependence on the microstructure length parameter.
Robotic Swarm Self-Organisation Control
Authors: Hendzel Zenon , Wiech Jakub
Published: July 2019

This article proposes a new swarm control method using distributed proportional-derivative (PD) control for self-organisation of swarm of nonholonomic robots. Kinematics control with distributed proportional-derivative (DPD) controller enables generation of desired robot trajectory achieving collective behaviour of a robotic swarm such as aggregation and pattern formation. Proposed method is a generalisation of virtual spring-damper control used in swarm self-organisation. The article includes the control algorithm synthesis using the Lyapunov control theory and numeric simulations results.
Conceptual basis of transformation of ecological and economic relations in the forest sector of Ukraine in the context of European integration
Authors: Khvesyk Mykhailo A. , Shubalyi Oleksandr M. , Khvesyk Julia M. , Vasilik Natalia M.
Published: July 2019

The article defines the priorities, principles and main provisions of national forest policy of Ukraine towards European integration. The main objectives and structure of the mechanism of transformation of ecological and economic relations in the forest sector of Ukraine is grounded. The main tasks of transformation of ecological and economic relations in the forest sector should be decentralization of the management system, budget savings and sustainability, sustainable development and ecological security, development of public and private partnership, and welfare of local communities. It justifies priority directions of transformation, which include the system of distribution of powers between central, regional and local levels, the financing system and fiscal regulation in the forest sector, powers and subordination of the organs of ecological control, the organizational forms of companies and associations, the institutionalization of communal and private ownership of forests. Necessary organizational and economic framework for their implementation should ensure the economic mechanisms of transformation of the system of state management of economic processes, financial-credit and fiscal regulation, economic incentives of the deep environmentally friendly forest products, integration of businesses and innovative and investment development of the forest sector, the Institute of ownership of forest land, the property rights of forest users and local communities.

The structure of transformation mechanism of ecological and economic relations in the forest sector is developed. It will allow the use of modern economic methods (de-monopolization and transparent competition on the timber market; economic incentives for deep wood processing; the transition to the new organizational forms of integration of economic entities; the empowerment of local communities and their executive bodies) and the instruments (preferential loans; target financing of large-scale projects at the national level; environmental insurance; transfer pricing; export and import duties; the state order; the state guarantees and subsidies), and to form an effective organizational forms of business entities in the forest sector.

It is concluded that transformation processes should apply to all spheres of economic activities in the forest sector, especially in the following areas: increased powers of the management bodies of the forest sector at the regional and local levels; simplification of procedures for land allocation by local governments to provide additional reforestation; coordination between the organs of ecological control and forest management to strengthen the relationship between the real state of forestry and the system of rational use of forest resources; the introduction of modern forms of enterprise and associations of enterprises at different stages of the reproductive process.
Wood structure of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) growing on flotation tailings
Authors: Górska Marta , Roszyk Edward
Published: July 2019

The aim of this study was to examine Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) xylem changes caused by heavy metal pollution. Annual rings width, number of tracheids in radial rows and the length of tracheids in the wood from trees growing on post-flotation tailings have been measured. Dimensions of tracheids have been examined separately for early- and latewood of each radial increment. The most demonstrable changes are observed in the tracheids length, which appears to be shorter in the xylem from the industrial area than in the control samples. In the wood from the polluted site, the variability of length of tracheids is increased. Microscopic observations revealed numerous deformations in the xylem tissue and deviations from the standard cell arrangement. Circumferential deformations occurring in the wood structure may indicate the increasing spring frost vulnerability of these trees.
Appraisal of Real Estate with Various Functions in the Context of Sustainable Development
Authors: Adamczyk Tomasz , Bieda Agnieszka , Parzych Piotr
Published: July 2019

The value of a piece of real estate depends on the purpose it is used for and on its function in planning documents. Unfortunately, current land development trends and the provisions of the law that are applicable in these documents often lead to real estate with heterogeneous functions. The valuation of such properties requires a special approach. One method is to divide the prices of real estate similar to the appraised real estate into components that correspond to areas with certain functions. The aim of this paper is to present statistical methods that can facilitate such a solution. The valuation models (parametric and conditional) presented in this article come from geodetic methods for the reconciliation of results. The presented calculations suggest that it is necessary to verify whether the heterogeneous functions of real estate should be considered in its appraisal.
Role and Position of R&D Units in the Construction Management Industry
Authors: Momayez Ayatollah
Published: July 2019

Today, research and development (R&D) indices are significant criteria for the development of countries. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate the role and position of research and development units in construction industry from the perspective of construction management. The study is a descriptive survey research. The statistical population comprised the elite members and experts of research and development working in this field who were 81 individuals in total. The study employed Cronbach’s alpha to determine the reliability of the questionnaire. The study also exploited expert judgments of the elite members and experts of research and development in the construction industry to determine the validity of the questionnaire. For data analysis, the study deployed SPSS program. The findings reveal that the challenges existing in research and development centers are divided into the two groups of internal organizational problems and external organizational problems, and it is economically feasible to establish research and development units in the construction industry. In this regard, with a systematic view, the issue of research culture is proposed as the central point of the model.
Effect of Micro Polypropylene Fibre on the Performance of Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete
Authors: Rajak Manoj , Rai Baboo
Published: July 2019

Geopolymer offers significant promise to the construction world as a possible alternative to ordinary Portland cement (OPC). Like conventional Portland cement concrete, the matrix brittleness in geopolymer composites can be reduced by introducing suitable fibre reinforcement. A few investigations on fibre reinforced geopolymer composites are available. However there is still a gap to comprehend and enhance their performance. This paper describes the effect of incorporating micro polypropylene fibres on the strength and durability characteristics of geopolymer concrete. The engineering and durability properties like workability, compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, and sorptivity of geopolymer concrete reinforced with micro polypropylene fibres is presented. The effect of the sulfuric acid attack on Geopolymer Concrete reinforced with micro polypropylene fibres is also discussed. The results show that hydrophobic characteristics of the micro polypropylene fibre led to weak contact with the geopolymer binder and hence weakened the mechanical performance of the fly ash based geopolymer matrix. However significant improvements in durability properties were noted.
Journal of Teacher Education for Sustainability after the UN Decade of Education for Sustainable Development: Exploring for the Future
Authors: Pipere Anita
Published: July 2019

This study aims to explore the research orientation of the papers published in the Journal of Teacher Education for Sustainability (JTES) immediately after the UN Decade of ESD (2015–2018). Through following the guidelines of bibliometric study and literature review, and by grounding on the deductive qualitative and quantitative content analysis, the paper presents the analysis of the main bibliometric indicators and research paradigms in the papers published in JTES. Moreover, the changes in these indicators and paradigms in comparison with those encountered in JTES from 2005 to 2014 were recorded and critically inspected. In general, the study shows the gradual improvement and development of main bibliometric indicators and research paradigms in last four years of JTES. The main recommendations and suggestions provided in the previous study have been implemented and considered in the Journal’s general features and published papers, though, the current exploration indicates also some unrealized potential for improvement. At the end of paper the author states the main conclusions, limitations, suggestions for the further research and prospective development of the Journal, as well as some implications for the potential authors of JTES.
Detecting a Sustainable Mindset through Using Content Analysis of Teacher-produced Learning Journals
Authors: Fox Anne E. M. , Iriste Sandra , Bezeljak Petra
Published: July 2019

Having developed and piloted a professional development blended learning course for teachers of home economics with the purpose of promoting a sustainable mindset in their students, we used the written learning journals by the teachers during the 15-week course to detect various aspects of a sustainable mindset, which could be attributed to the course. We assumed that the learning journals of 19 participants might reveal reflections on sustainability, the pedagogy of sustainability, a positive association between sustainability and the pedagogy of sustainability, and the development of a sustainable mindset over the period of the course. The analysis confirmed that the participants reflected a great deal on learning and sustainability as the course progressed; revealing that a positive link between teaching practice and sustainability can be observed. However, the analysis also indicated some important concepts that might have been under-emphasised in the course.
Community-Based Teacher Training: Transformation of Sustainable Teacher Empowerment Strategy in Indonesia
Authors: Sumaryanta  , Mardapi Djemari , Sugiman  , Herawan Tutut
Published: July 2019

Teacher empowerment is a central issue in relation to the efforts to improve the quality of education. However, teacher empowerment will remain an abstract idea if its implementation is not supported by an appropriate strategy. The demands for a quality education will be unreciprocated if teachers do not have the opportunity to empower themselves. This research aims to investigate the teacher empowerment strategy in Indonesia, which has been conducted by employing a community-based teacher training program. This study has highlighted several research questions: What is meant by community-based training program? Why is the training program needed? Who is the target of the training program? What model has been used to implement the training? What are the results of the training that has been executed? This research was conducted from November 2018 to January 2019. The research data were collected by means of documentation studies and interviews. The data analysis was carried out quantitatively and qualitatively, where the quantitative analysis was processed based on the document study data, meanwhile the qualitative analysis was performed based on the interview data. The research results showed that community-based teacher training was transformation of teacher development strategy as a follow-up on teachers’ competency test in Indonesia. The community-based teacher training succeeded in increasing the professionalism of teachers in Indonesia, particularly in terms of implementing their pedagogical and professional competencies. The training is also successful in motivating the teachers to engage themselves in continuous learning efforts through building strong teachers’ network and working collaboratively with colleagues. Quantitatively, training was proven to increase the average of teacher competency by 23.97 (on a scale of 100). The research results are expected to provide information about the best practice in teacher coaching that is conducted massively in a national scope based on the local community so that a lifelong learning culture for teachers is established to support the development of sustainable education.
EFL Teachers’ Cultural Identity Development through Participating in Cultural Negotiation: Probing EFL Students’ Perspectives
Authors: Meihami Hussein , Salīte Ilga
Published: July 2019

This study was an attempt to probe the perceptions of the EFL students about the cultural identity development of the EFL teachers who participated in cultural negotiation programs. To that end, the interactionally oriented narratives of four EFL students were collected. The narratives were about the cultural performance of the EFL teachers who participated in the cultural negotiation programs in the EFL classes. The narratives were codified based on the principles of Strauss and Corbin (1998) systematic approach. the findings indicated that the EFL students had positive opinions about how their teachers dealt with cultural issues in the classrooms after participating in cultural negotiation programs. The findings also indicated that the EFL students perceived that the EFL teachers engaged more in cultural discussions, they used more interaction types, they were more motivated to address cultural issues in the classes, and they took into account the emotions of their students in cultural discussions in the classrooms. Moreover, it can be concluded from the findings that cultural negotiation programs have positive effects on the EFL teachers’ cultural identity development if the principles of identity-as-practice and identity-in-discourse will be followed in the EFL teacher education programs.
Discourse Analysis and Language Pedagogy: A Review
Authors: Bonyadi Alireza
Published: July 2019

Taking discourse approach towards language teaching has been drawing researchers’ and practitioners’ attention since the introduction of discourse analysis as a discipline in social sciences. Based on the premise that education for sustainable development (ESD) in language pedagogy cannot be realized fully unless language teachers are equipped with theoretical issues in discourse analysis, the purpose of this paper is to review the current research on discourse analysis and language teaching. The focus on the intersection of discourse analysis and language education indicates that three approaches, namely Critical discourse analysis, Descriptive discourse analysis, and Pedagogical discourse analysis have been taken by practitioners in educational context. As for directions of future research on discourse analysis and language teaching, it was postulated that the prospective researchers in the field are expected to focus on operationalizing the discourse concepts at the methodological level. This would be possible if EFL/ESL teachers themselves truly get educated in a discourse-based program in teacher education centers.
Experimental versus theoretical study of reverse osmosis pilot scaling: The case of Algerian brackish water desalination
Authors: Bouchareb Abderrezak , Metaiche Mehdi , Lounici Hakim
Published: July 2019

In recent years, the increasing threat to ground water quality due to human activities has become a matter of great concern. The ground water quality problems present today are caused by contamination and by over exploitation or by combination of both. Reverse osmosis (RO) desalination is one of the main technologies for producing fresh water from sea water and brackish ground water.

Algeria is one of the countries which suffer from the water shortage since many years, so desalination technology becomes inevitable solution to this matter.

In this study, a comparison is provided of results of reverse osmosis desalination for three different qualities of brackish water from the central-east region of Algeria (Bouira and Setif Prefectures), wherein they cannot use it as human drinking or in irrigation systems. The main objective of our study is to establish a comparison of the reverse osmosis membrane TW30-2540 performances in the term of (permeate flow, recovery rate, permeate total dissolved solids – TDS and salts rejection) under different operation pressures (each one takes a time of 720 second for pilot scaling). In order to make an overview comparison between the experimental and the simulated results we used ROSA (Reverse Osmosis System Analysis) software.

At the end of this study we noted that, the simulated results are lower than the pilot scaling values and the most removed salts are the sodium chlorides with 99.05% of rejection rate.
Gender Role Attitudes among Higher Education Students in Jordan
Authors: El Kharouf Amal , Daoud Nour
Published: July 2019

Youth are the change agents of any society, therefore, it is critical to identify their attitudes toward gender roles. The study utilizes a social survey approach, where a stratified random sample is selected from the study population, which consists of Jordanian youth who are enrolled at the University of Jordan in Amman, Jordan. The size of the sample is 848 youth, with 33.5% (N=284) males and 66.5% females (N=564). A survey, based on two scales, is developed to measure youth’s attitudes toward gender roles: the gender professions scale and the gender skills scale. The study also examines the effect of the following variables: age, type of college, place of residence, monthly income, and educational level of the mother. The analysis uses statistical methods to recognize differences in attitudes, to understand the relationship between the independent and dependent variables, and to determine statistical significance (set at p ≤ 0.05). The results show that the attitudes of female youth toward gender roles are nontraditional in comparison to those of their male counterparts. Moreover, attitudes toward gender roles tend to be gender-balanced among older youth who live in urban areas, study in humanitarian colleges, and whose mother’s educational level is high. The study highlights the importance of institutionalizing the concept of gender in higher educational institutions.
A Privacy Violation Behaviors Preventive System in Using Social Media by Graduate Students of King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang
Authors: Ngoensuk Thatsanee , Viriyavejakul Chantana
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this research was to create, test and develop a model for developing a system to protect personal rights violations in using social media, Integrated learning styles using deductive teaching methods and the use of case studies to promote knowledge in developing a model for developing a system to protect personal rights violations in the use of social media of graduate students at King Mongkut Institute of Technology at Ladkrabang. The sample group used to develop the protection system model is a legal expert, 7 people, namely, graduate students of King Mongkut Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, 20 people. The tools used in this research are interview with legal experts and instructors, Knowledge measurement form, Online teaching and learning management system on privacy violation behavior in the use of social media Satisfaction questionnaire for learning styles and Assessment form for certification of integrated teaching and learning styles. The results from the test scores of the pre-school and post-test scores of the sample group showed that the post-test scores had an average score higher than before (before 10.80 and 13.71). In addition, it was found that the post-test scores had a standard deviation less than the test scores before learning (after learning is 1.29 and before 3.70), indicating that the post-test scores were higher than the previous test scores. Therefore, it can be concluded that the sample group when learning through the learning style resulted in higher average student scores.
Compressed Air Supply and Distribution System for Aviation Laboratories and Wind Tunnels
Authors: Kędzierski Łukasz
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this text is to demonstrate an operation of a compressed air system designed for high air flow laboratories and wind tunnels. Development of such air system is a challenge due to unusual requirements (simultaneous supply of several users having different requirements and necessity to provide extremely high flows) which have to be address by means of adequate compressed air storage capacity and sophisticated control system. Each stage of the design process is going to be described, focusing on the selection of air compressors, air receivers and air dryers, followed by an insight into a development of the control system. The air system being described in this paper was successfully implemented at the Institute of Aviation in Warsaw improving the quality of the compressed air supply and simplifying the research planning.
Various Types of The Rotorcraft Design in the Context of Aerospace Regulations
Authors: Szafran Krzysztof , Michalczyk Marcin
Published: July 2019

In the next article on synthesis of regulations, the authors presented the general legal requirements for rotorcraft, which is limited to US regulations, because the vast majority of world regulations are based on them. The Institute of Aviation in Warsaw has developed requirements concerning the construction and operation of rotorcraft in Poland. These requirements constitute an important contribution to the regulations of the Civil Aviation Authority which are in force in the air space of the Republic of Poland. This paper presents the legal situation of rotorcraft and compares the requirements for helicopters and gyroplane. The conclusions highlighted the differences that arise from regulations between helicopters and rotorcraft. The authors have suggested the necessity to separate provisions for the group of windmills, which is implemented in the regulations of the Civil Aviation Authority. The presented work is the second of a planned series of publications in which authors intend to bring some of the issues to the reader about the design aspects of aircraft in selected global aviation regulations.
Measuring Stand Tests of a Michell-Banki Waterturbine Prototype, Performedunder Natural Conditions
Authors: Zdrojewski Wojciech
Published: July 2019

The article presents the result of tests of a single segment of a prototype water turbine, performed in order to determine its shaft power output as a function of rpm, and to verify the declared performance. The results have been compared with the outcomes of numerical calculations performed, for the same conditions, with the use of FLUENT software. The work presents information of crucial importance for presenting the process of testing the piece in question, such as: test environment, properties of the test piece, testing equipment used, as well as the methodology and the course of hydromechanical measurements, along with the characteristics of the results obtained. Then, the measurement results are discussed and analyzed. Conclusions are presented as well. Analysis of the results, taking into consideration the physical image of phenomena occurring in the case of flow-devices, such as water turbines, has made it possible to define other, important characteristics of the turbine, such as: output, shaft torque and efficiency, as a function of rpm and head of turbine. Test results have confirmed the expected mechanical and power-related properties of the turbine and have proved the numerical flow modeling model used effective.

A brief description of the prospects concerning new applications of the turbine discussed has been presented as well
The Accuracy and the Printing Resolution Comparison of Different 3D Printing Technologies
Authors: Kluska Ewelina , Gruda Piotr , Majca-Nowak Natalia
Published: July 2019

The article presents a research conducted with the project: ‘Additive technology used in conduction with optical methods for rapid prototyping of 3D printed models’ [13]. In this article selected three different 3D printing technologies: Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) and Material Jetting (MJ). Each of them was tested paying special attention to accuracy and resolution of printed elements. Accuracy tests were conducted on the reference specimens which also showed material texture. These specimens were scanned to verified dimensional deviations of printing methods. Printing resolution was verified on a heat exchanger model which was characterized by complicated structure. The highest accuracy and printing resolution was noticed in the MJ technology, PolyJet method on the Objet Eden 260 VS printing machine and the SUP 707 water soluble support material.
Mechanical Analysis Process of a Coaxial Counter Rotor for Applications in Unmanned Ultra-Light Units
Authors: Czajkowski Łukasz
Published: July 2019

As the rotor configuration has the most impact on helicopter properties, the process of determination the assumptions for rotor design is a very important factor in the early stage of rotorcraft development. The following paper presents a mechanical analysis process used at the Institute of Aviation to quickly develop a coaxial rotor prototype applicable in ultra-light unmanned helicopter which has the potential for further improvement of its flight parameters. The article describes the rotor analysis process due to its feasibility based on commercially available solutions, the process of formulating assumptions for the entire structure, MES analysis of the rotor parts all leading to creation of the rotor prototype.
A Simulation Model for Computing the Loads Generated at Landing Site During Helicopter Take-Off or Landing Operation
Authors: Stanisławski Jarosław
Published: July 2019

The paper presents simulation method and results of calculations determining behavior of helicopter and landing site loads which are generated during phase of the helicopter take-off and landing. For helicopter with whirling rotor standing on ground or touching it, the loads of landing gear depend on the parameters of helicopter movement, occurrence of wind gusts and control of pitch angle of the rotor blades. The considered model of helicopter consists of the fuselage and main transmission treated as rigid bodies connected with elastic elements. The fuselage is supported by landing gear modeled by units of spring and damping elements. The rotor blades are modeled as elastic axes with sets of lumped masses of blade segments distributed along them. The Runge-Kutta method was used to solve the equations of motion of the helicopter model. According to the Galerkin method, it was assumed that the parameters of the elastic blade motion can be treated as a combination of its bending and torsion eigen modes. For calculations, data of a hypothetical light helicopter were applied. Simulation results were presented for the cases of landing helicopter touching ground with different vertical speed and for phase of take-off including influence of rotor speed changes, wind gust and control of blade pitch. The simulation method may help to define the limits of helicopter safe operation on the landing surfaces.
Are Consensus Ratings of Functional Job Analysis Scales More Reliable than Ratings Made by Independent Raters?
Authors: Chung-Yan Greg , Schat Aaron , Cronshaw Steven
Published: July 2019

This study addresses an open research question in regard to a well-established and widely-used job analysis system, Functional Job Analysis (FJA): Are consensus ratings of the FJA scales more reliable than the independent scale ratings that are the norm in job analysis application and the related research literature? In our experimental study, we found that this is not the case: no significant difference is found between consensus and independent ratings of the FJA scales. The reasons for this finding are explored as well as its relevance to the validity of the FJA system. Implications for other work and job analysis systems are discussed.
La alegoría nacional en la película Carne de tu Carne de Carlos Mayolo
Authors: Gutiérrez Ortiz Diana Alejandra
Published: July 2019

El artículo analiza los motivos estéticos y visuales de la película colombiana Carne de tu carne de Carlos Mayolo, que son vinculados a la categoría de alegoría nacional postulada en el estudio del lenguaje cinematográfico.
World literature, a decentred sphere
Authors: Acero Portilla Jorge
Published: July 2019

Franco Moretti and Pascale Casanova’s accounts of world literature are coded in metaphors. The former employs a core-periphery system to examine the unequal relationships between national literatures; the latter sees world literature as a ‘world literature of letters’, wherein the exchanges between literary traditions take place following economic patterns. This essay discusses to what extent these metaphors are inadequate to analyse the current trends of world literature as they portray the so-called central literatures as unidirectional forces that inform the canon, thereby shaping the literary production. This perspective privileges an economical jargon which constitutes an ideological bias resulting in the homogenisation of the literary value. This article takes a different approach by offering an alternative metaphor to explain world literature and its dynamics. This metaphor is a decentred sphere without a circumference. In order to illustrate this point, William Ospina’s El año del verano que nunca llegó (2015) is analysed, focusing on its worldly elements.
The Socio-Economic Challenges of South African Indigenous Musicians: A Case Study of Venda-Based Vho-Ntshengedzeni Mamphodo
Authors: Mugovhani N G , Nawa Lebogang Lance
Published: July 2019

This article discusses and raises awareness about the socio-economic plight of indigenous musicians in South Africa. Through a qualitative case study of the Venda musician, Vho-Talelani Andries Ntshengedzeni Mamphodo, dubbed the â€œFather of mbila music,â€ the article highlights the fact that the welfare of Black South African artists, particularly indigenous musicians in South Africa, is generally a precarious affair. Their popularity, at the height of their careers, sometimes masks shocking details of exploitation, neglect, and the poverty they are subjected to, which are exposed only after they have died. Empirical data identifies this as a symptom of, among other things, cultural policy and arts management deficiencies in the promotion of indigenous music. The article aims to find ways to redress this unfortunate situation, which is partially a product of general apathy and scant regard that these artists have perennially been subjected to, even by their own governments, as well as some members of their societies. All these factors mentioned are compounded by ignorance on the part of South African artists. Part of the objective of this study was to establish whether the exposition of the Vhavenda musicians is a typical example of all Black South African indigenous musicians and, if this is the case, whether the suggested ways to redress this unfortunate situation could contribute to or play a role in alleviating the plight of such artists in the entire country.
Speaking the Unspeakable! Zulu Penthonyms as Oral Strategies to Diffuse Conflict within a Traditional Polygynous Community in kwaMambulu, Kranskop
Authors: Zungu Evangeline Bonisiwe
Published: July 2019

The polygynous nature of most marriages in isiZulu-speaking societies, the fact that co-wives do not get along, and the presence of jealousy, envy and fighting in households such as these are underlying major causes of friction within Zulu family units. These feuds become undercurrents of tensions and fracture within the family unit and lead to family members suspecting and accusing each other of practising witchcraft when a family member dies. In such instances, the use of penthonyms is an extremely useful channel of expressing discontent or passing criticism. This article will use data collected from kwaMambulu to assess the extent to which this age-old practice around name bestowal in isiZulu-speaking family structures such as these is still enforced. It argues that despite changes brought by Christianity, Western modernity and recently the post-apartheid period, modalities around name bestowal in a number of isiZulu-speaking communities still persist. The kwaMambulu community continues to reflect the undented epistemologies around name-giving in much of the tradition-based African households. Allegations of the practice of witchcraft and sorcery are always alluded to in this society when death strikes. When the parents suffer the misfortune of losing children, they resort to giving penthonyms. Penthonyms are given to male children because they are believed to be the future of the family. The male children protect the family and when the man of the house dies the male children take over family matters.
Folkloric Poetry in Thomas Mofolo’s Chaka: Exploring Genre and Function
Authors: Swanepoel Chris
Published: July 2019

The aim of this paper is to investigate the genre and function of each of the 10 folkloric poems Thomas Mofolo included in his novel Chaka. The objectives are to understand why Mofolo decided to do so, and to determine to what extent the traditional poems contribute to the significance of the events in the narrative and eventually to the genre of the novel. These necessitated a methodology according to which each traditional poem had to be compared with its folkloric counterpart, whereupon its function had to be determined in terms of the outcomes of each part of the narrative where they occur. The final result confirmed the close relationship between the genre and its function, and that both in the end participate with the narrative to raise the genre of the novel to the level of the literary epic with clear elements of tragedy.
Taboos as Part of Communal Teaching on Children Safety and Biodiversity Sustainability
Authors: Mndawe Isaac K.
Published: July 2019

Aspects of folklore, such as taboos, myths and superstitions, have to some extent been instrumental in influencing social behaviour. Taboos in themselves contain profound indigenous knowledge systems. This study acknowledges that the concept of taboos varies from one culture to another. The researcher preferred the qualitative approach for this study, since it appreciates the fact that knowledge and information do not reside in one specific placeâ€”information can be sourced from various places. By using taboos in modelling behaviour, the Social Cognitive Theory is significant as it suggests that learning of any kind occurs in a social context where a person interacts with learned experiences and the environment. This theory focuses on the active interaction between person, behaviour, and environment. The study discusses the use of taboos in the protection of, for instance, tree species, small creatures, medicinal plants and water cleanliness. It has shown that children, to some extent, have acquired knowledge on safety and how to protect nature due to the use of taboos.
Culture, Language and Productivity in the Workplace within the BRICS Nations
Authors: Kaschula Russell , Wolff H Ekkehard , Mostert Andre
Published: July 2019

The changing economic environment globally carries challenges and opportunities for business. Cross-cultural environments and financial integration call for greater understanding of the workplace. The authors assess the usage and status of language and culture in workplaces within the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) countries through a light touch survey to assist in framing further and deeper research activities. The objective is to develop a suitable research framework regarding the place of language and culture in the workplace in multilingual and multicultural contexts. The authors argue for the inclusion of a cultural dimension linked to multilingual strategies in the workplace. The inextricable link between language and culture is explored in this article. It is suggested that orality and the way we pass on information in the workplace should be considered when encouraging productivity in the multilingual, multicultural workplace in order to create a sense of integration and belonging rather than one of alienation.
Educador: Despertando consciências
Authors: Silva Lima Gilberto Junior , Moura Luciana Teles
Published: July 2019

Esse artigo buscou discutir a valorização e a importância do educador consciente nas construções na arte de ensinar. Pautados na essência do amor e do comprometimento com o que se faz, encarnado em si os valores do que se acredita. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica de caráter teórico sobre o educador e suas práticas. O artigo avalia ainda a força do amor na educação como forma de despertar consciências, ampliar a percepção e ofertar a cada aprendiz uma transformação.
Situação vacinal antipneumocócica em pacientes com diabetes atendidos em hospital de referência no Distrito Federal, Brasil
Authors: Tavares Fernanda Silveira , Gomes Lucy de Oliveira , Fernandes Raíssa Pereira , Romani Flaviene Alves do Prado , Melo Gislane Ferreira de , Dantas Lara Benigno Porto , Lauand Thais Cabral Gomes , Pedrosa Hermelinda Cordeiro
Published: July 2019

Objetivos: Este trabalho propôs avaliar a situação vacinal antipneumocócica de pacientes com diabetes atendidos em unidade de referência no Distrito Federal, o nível de conhecimento dos médicos sobre o assunto e o impacto da orientação no índice de adesão à vacinação. Métodos: Estudo observacional, descritivo, transversal, retrospectivo. Levantamento de dados por prontuário de pacientes com DM internados com pneumonia ou acompanhados no ambulatório. Aplicação de questionário para avaliar conhecimento médico sobre vacinação em pessoas com DM. Resultados e conclusão: Apenas 12,1% dos pacientes com DM e pneumonia informaram vacinação antipneumocócica, 69,7% negaram e 18,2% não sabiam da sua existência, com desconhecimento significativo dos médicos sobre o assunto. Em nível ambulatorial, observou-se um aumento de vacinados de 3% para 21%, e de orientações de 10,3% para 68,9% em 12 meses de acompanhamento. Conclusão: Medidas de conscientização aumentaram o índice vacinal consideravelmente.
Native Defects and their Doping Response in the Lithium Solid Electrolyte Li7La3Zr2O12
Authors: Squires Alex , Scanlon David , Morgan Benjamin
Published: July 2019

The Li-stuffed garnets LixM2M3′O12 are promising Li-ion solid electrolytes with potential use in solid-state batteries. One strategy for optimising ionic conductivities in these materials is to tune lithium stoichiometries through aliovalent doping, which is often assumed to produce proportionate numbers of charge compensating Li vacancies. The native defect chemistry of the Li-stuffed garnets, and their response to doping, however, are not well understood, and it is unknown to what degree a simple vacancy-compensation model is valid. Here, we report hybrid density-functional–theory calculations of a broad range of native defects in the prototypical Li-garnet Li7La3Zr2O12. We calculate equilibrium defect concentrations as a function of synthesis conditions, and model the response of these defect populations to extrinsic doping. We predict a rich defect chemistry that includes Li and O vacancies and interstitials, and significant numbers of cation-antisite defects. Under reducing conditions, O vacancies act as colour-centres by trapping electrons. We find that supervalent (donor) doping does not produce charge compensating Li vacancies under all synthesis conditions; under Li-rich / Zr-poor conditions the dominant compensating defects are LiZr antisites, and Li stoichiometries strongly deviate from those predicted by simple “vacancy compensation” models.
Computational Modeling Reveals the Mechanism of Fluorescent State Recovery in the Reversibly Photoswitchable Protein Dreiklang
Authors: Grigorenko Bella , Polyakov Igor , Krylov Anna I. , Nemukhin Alexander
Published: July 2019

The unique properties of the photoswitchable protein Dreiklang are attributed to a reversible hydration/dehydration reaction at the imidazolinone ring of the chromophore. Recovery of the fluorescent state, which is associated with a chemical reaction of chromophore dehydration, is an important part of the photocycle of this protein. Here we characterize the fluorescent (ON) and non-fluorescent (OFF) states of Dreiklang and simulate the thermal recovery reaction OFF → ON using computational approaches. By using molecular modeling methods including the quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) technique, we characterize the structures and spectra of the ON- and OFF-states. The results are consistent with relevant experimental data. The computed reaction profile explains the observed recovery reaction and clarifies the mechanism of chemical transformations in the chromophore-containing pocket in Dreiklang.
Nitrone Modified Gold Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization and Their Potential as 18F-Labeled PET Probes via I-SPANC
Authors: Ghiassian Sara , Yu Lihai , Gobbo Pierangelo , nazemi Ali , Romagnoli Tommaso , Luo Wilson , Luyt Leonard G. , Workentin Mark
Published: July 2019

A bioorthogonal gold nanoparticle template displaying interfacial nitrone functional groups for bioorthogonal interfacial strain-promoted alkyne-nitrone cycloaddition (I-SPANC) reactions has been synthesized. The Nitrone-AuNPs were characterized in detail using 1H NMR spectroscopy, TEM, TGA, and XPS and a nanoparticle raw formula was calculated. The ability to control the conjugation of molecules of interest at the molecular level onto the Nitrone-AuNPs template allowed us to create a methodology for the synthesis of AuNP-based radiolabeled probes with a high degree of loading using copper free, strained-promoted cycloaddition. To this end, we also describe the synthesis of a new prosthetic group containing a strained-alkyne capable of clicking hot 18F-label onto complementary azide or nitrone labelled agents.
Electronic, Structural and Functional Versatility in Tetrathiafulvalene-Lanthanide Metal-Organic Frameworks
Authors: Castella-Gil Javier , Mañas-Valero Samuel , Vitórica-Yrezábal Iñigo J. , Ananias Duarte , Rocha João , Santiago Raul , Bromley Stefan T. , Baldoví José J. , Coronado Eugenio , Souto Manuel , Minguez Espallargas Guillermo
Published: July 2019

Tetrathiafulvalene-Lanthanide (TTF-Ln) Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are an interesting class of multifunctional materials in which porosity can be combined with electronic properties such as electrical conductivity, redox activity, luminescence and magnetism. Herein we report a new family of isostructural TTF-Ln MOFs, denoted as MUV-5(Ln) (Ln = Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er), exhibiting semiconducting properties as a consequence of the short intermolecular S···S contacts established along the chain direction between partially oxidised TTF moieties. In addition, this family shows photoluminescence properties and single-molecule magnetic behaviour, finding near-infrared (NIR) photoluminescence in the Yb/Er derivative and slow relaxation of the magnetisation in the Dy and Er derivatives. As such properties are dependent on the electronic structure of the lanthanide ion, we emphasise the immense structural, electronic and functional versatility of this class of materials.
Enhanced Sol-Gel Production and Robocasting for Artificial Photosynthesis
Authors: Parsons Frank , Caroway Ben
Published: July 2019

In this study, a titanium based Sol-Gel solution was derived using a rotary evaporator. By rapidly removing solvents, this tool significantly decreased the time needed to polymerize the solution and drastically accelerated the Sol-Gel process. The original intent of this experiment was to investigate the Sol-Gel's properties as a photocatalyst, however improvements to the materials synthesis took precedence. The properties of this Sol-Gel were also observed in a simple desktop 3D printer. The printers traditional thermoplastic nozzle was modified with a syringe to extrude the highly viscous Sol-Gel into basic shapes and lines.