bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring relations between traffic accidents and business productivity using system dynamics
Authors: Duarte Forero Edgar Leonardo , Camacho Oliveros Manuel Ángel , Meneses Velosa Sonia
Published: July 2024

Traffic accidents are commonly analyzed considering three main factors: driver’s behavior, car’s conditions, and the roads conditions. An exploration of the relations among business productivity and traffic accidents is made, considering also the influence of traffic authorities. A simulation model based on System dynamics was developed to explore the specific relations among the behavior of drivers and the working pressure of their jobs, and the traffic controls made by government authorities. The analysis considers that an improvement in productivity and a fewer, but more intense traffic controls, is a valid strategy to reduce accidents in roads. The model is a useful tool that can be applied in the design of public policies for road safety
Evaluación de biochar como alternativa de sustrato en cultivos de tomate
Authors: Gallo-Saravia Margarita , Lugo-Sierra Luis , Barrera Zapata Rolando
Published: July 2024

La transformación termoquímica de biomasa para generar potencia eléctrica produce como residuo sólido el biochar, material que de acuerdo a sus propiedades puede ser utilizado en diversas aplicaciones, entre ellas la mejora de los suelos de cultivo. En el presente trabajo se evalúan dos tipos específicos de biochar como potencial sustitutos de sustrato en cultivos de pequeña escala a cielo abierto. Tomando como referencia un cultivo de Solanum lycopersicum (tomate) se observó el efecto sobre el desarrollo de las plantas y la cosecha (cantidad, diámetro y peso de los frutos) al sustituir el sustrato comercial por biochar en proporciones de 0, 20, 50, 80 y 100%. Se observó que con sustituciones del 20% y el 50% de sustrato por biochar, las plantas tienen un desarrollo normal y la producción de tomate es comparable al obtenido en ausencia de biochar; sin embargo al sustituir el 80% o el 100% del sustrato por el biochar, el efecto en el crecimiento de las plantas es negativo, aparentemente por la ausencia de nutrientes. Estos resultados vistos desde un enfoque económico y ambiental son bastante satisfactorios, pues usar 20% o 50% de biochar pueden representar ahorros significativos para el agricultor (menor uso de sustratos) a la vez que dan utilidad a desechos agroindustriales (biochar)
Design of a charge regulator for application in an isolated micro grid with photovoltaic generation
Authors: Gómez Paez Luís Miguel , Guacaneme Muñoz Wilmer Eduardo , Rodriguez Benavides Andrés Felipe , Santamaría Piedrahita Francisco , Trujillo Rodríguez Cesar Leonardo
Published: July 2024

This paper presents the design of a charge regulator
operating in an isolated micro grid with photovoltaic generation.
The converter selected for this application is a SEPIC with a
MPPT algorithm for the cases in which the energy demand is
greater than the energy available. The algorithm is able to
modify its point of maximum power, in order to perform the
recharging and supply of power to the battery bank of the system
(isolated microgrid) and a group of charges set at a level of
determined of voltage. Finally, the results of the tests carried out
are presented and the conclusions are given.
Determinación de la ganancia en el aprendizaje de La cinemática lineal mediante el uso de métodos gráficos con estudiantes de ingeniería en la universidad de caldas
Authors: Castañeda Jorge Abel , Carmona Ramírez Luis Hernando , Mesa Fernando
Published: July 2024

Es importante instar al docente a replantear su manera de orientar las asignaturas, específicamente la física y, dentro de ésta, el concepto de cinemática; para ello, existen herramientas que aportan en el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje, para lograr que los conceptos que muchas veces parecen abstractos se vuelvan concretos y hacer que las temáticas sean de fácil comprensión para los estudiantes. Esta investigación se llevó a cabo en la Universidad de Caldas y tuvo como objetivo diseñar una metodología para la enseñanza de la cinemática lineal, apoyadas en elementos de geometría. Se parte del diseño y aplicación de un instrumento para identificar las ideas previas y los obstáculos epistemológicos que presentan los estudiantes en los temas de cinemática, se diseñó y aplicó el método gráfico y se evaluaron las actividades que determinaron la ganancia en el aprendizaje de los estudiantes de las carreras de Ingeniería de Alimentos e Ingeniería en Sistemas, calculando el factor de Hake.
Regulatory Framework on Smart Contracts: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Yusof Zulhazmi Bin , Wan Haniff Wan Amir Azlan , Saripan Hartini , Jayabalan Sheela Jayabala Krishnan , Ab Halim Asma Hakimah
Published: July 2024

Smart contracts use a few contemporary technologies, such as blockchain and digital currency. Due to this, it carries numerous advantages to the consumers due to the nature of the technology such as transparency, quickness, lack of third-party intervention, and decentralization. Although numerous research has been conducted on smart contracts, there isn't currently a tangible remedy to deal with various lacunas in the regulatory framework for smart contracts. In this study, secondary data was gathered by analyzing academic websites and databases like Google Scholar including governmental and non-governmental organizations from various countries. In addition, doctrinal legal research using a comparative analysis approach has also been used in this research. Regulatory frameworks in various countries including but not limited to Malaysia, the United States of America, Malta, Switzerland, and Dubai have been observed. The finding shows that the issue of the legitimacy of smart contracts, capacity as well as validity and certainty of Oracle were the main legal issues with smart contracts. This paper has contributed to our understanding of the existing gap in Malaysia's regulatory systems. Additionally, this improves the corpus of knowledge in this area, assisting legislators and other decision-makers in amending new regulatory frameworks for Smart Contracts.
Some new inequalities concerning the variable sum exdeg index/coindex of graphs
Authors: Ali Akbar , Milovanovic Emina , Matejic Marjan , Milovanovic Igor
Published: July 2024

The variable sum exdeg index and coindex of a graph G are denoted by SEIa(G)
and ?SEIa(G), respectively, and they are defined as SEIa(G) = ?n,i=1 diadi
and SEIa(G) = ?n,i =1(n?1?di)adi, respectively, where ?a? is a positive real
number different from 1 and (d1, d2,..., dn) is the vertex-degree
sequence of G. The present paper gives several new inequalities involving
the graph invariants SEIa and/or ?SEIa. All graphs attaining the equality
signs in the obtained inequalities are also characterized.
Biharmonic curves along Riemannian maps
Authors: Karakaş Köprülü , Şahin Bayram
Published: July 2024

In this paper, the transformation of a bi-harmonic curve on the total
manifold into a bi-harmonic curve on the base manifold along a Riemannian
map between Riemannian manifolds is examined. In this direction, first,
necessary and sufficient conditions are obtained for the Riemannian map
between two Riemannian manifolds for the curve on the total manifold to be
bi-harmonic curve on the base manifold. Afterwards, the case that the total
manifold is a complex space form was taken into consideration and the
bi-harmonic character of the curve on the base manifold was examined by
considering appropriate conditions on the basic notions of the Riemannian
map.
Applying Large Language Models in Accounting: A Comparative Analysis of Different Methodologies and Off-the-Shelf Examples
Authors: Li Huaxia , Vasarhelyi Miklos A.
Published: July 2024

The emergence of large language models (LLMs) presents significant opportunities in accounting, including optimizing current processes, extracting new information, and updating accounting measurements. However, factors such as skill gaps, perceived complexity of integration, and cost constraints have limited the implementation of LLMs in accounting. This study provides an overview of mainstream LLM utilization methods, including user interface and application programming interface, and introduces a novel approach via robotic process automation integration. The advantages and limitations of each method are discussed, accompanied by a current analysis of the time, labor, and monetary costs involved in using LLMs for accounting tasks. To facilitate practical applications, three off-the-shelf examples are provided. This study contributes to the literature and practice by summarizing and comparing LLM implementation methods, responding to the challenges raised by researchers and stakeholders, and bridging the gap between technology innovation and its practical application in accounting.

JEL Classifications: M41; O14; O33; D61.
The Effect of the Current Expected Credit Loss Model on Conditional Conservatism of Banks and Its Spillover Effect on Borrower Conservatism
Authors: Qiang Xinrong , Wang Jing
Published: July 2024

Under the Current Expected Credit Loss (CECL) model, banks should fully recognize expected lifetime credit losses upon loan origination while gradually recognizing interest revenues. This timelier recognition of losses versus gains (i.e., conditional conservatism) makes banks more capital constrained. To mitigate this, banks may (1) offset timelier credit losses by lowering conservatism in other earnings components and (2) reduce credit losses by demanding greater borrower conservatism. We find that, under CECL, banks increase conservatism in loan losses but decrease conservatism in other earnings components, making overall conservatism only marginally increase. In sharp contrast, their borrowers increase conservatism by 40 percent, and borrowers’ increase is twice that of banks. This substantial spillover effect suggests that, by greatly increasing borrowers’ conservatism, CECL may strengthen debt governance of a broad scope of firms in the economy, thereby having economy-wide consequences beyond the banking industry and potentially enhancing the stability of the entire economy.

Data Availability: Data are publicly available from the sources identified in the study.

JEL Classifications: G21; M41; M48.
Commentary on “Effects of upper limb vibratory stimulation training on motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease: an observational study”
Authors: Dohtdong Mebanpynjop , Sharma Shanika , Kalia Varun
Published: July 2024

Abstract missing (Commentary)
Evaluation of Proximate and Mineral Compositions of Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae)
Authors: CV Ilodibia
Published: July 2024

Momordica charantia L. is a significant medicinal plant that is becoming more well-known in dietetics and modern medicine. Proximate and Mineral compositions on the leaf and stem of M. charantia were evaluated to determine its nutritional characteristics using standard techniques. Data obtained were analyzed using independent sample T-test with SPSS software version 21. Results showed that the parts contained all investigated nutrients but in varied quantities. The leaf had higher percentage of moisture (10.38±0.01 %), crude fiber (18.76±0.03 %) and carbohydrate (22.10±0.04 %), while the stem had higher dry matter (90.56±0.03 %), ash (23.45±0.01 %), ether extract (11.28±0.01 %) and crude protein (18.14±0. 03 %). In the mineral composition, the leaf contained higher composition of calcium (90.34±0. 09 mg/100g), sodium (87.64±0.06 mg/100g), magnesium (48.76±0.01 mg/100g) and iron (10.17±0.01 mg/100g), while the stem contained higher composition of potassium (115.80±0.01 mg/100g) and phosphorus (59.90±0.42 mg/100g). This research validated the plant's possible applications. Therefore, these portions could be employed as a natural food source and also extracted to make medications and food supplements, as well as to improve animal feed.
METODE “CANVAS BUSINESS MODEL” MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIVITAS BUMDES
Authors: Wahyudi Heru , Ciptawaty Ukhti , Marselina Marselina , Ambya Ambya , Suparta I Wayan
Published: July 2024

There is a reality that the BUM Desa village development goals plan is not implemented in accordance with the development master. Regarding the administration and structure of BUM Desa and the utilization of BUM Village funds, many violations and irregularities have been discovered. Purworejo Village, Pesawaran Regency, also revealed shortcomings in the management of Village BUM. The management of BUM DES in Purworejo Village is hit by three main issues: those related to the organization's potential as an economic, social and human resource. Academic support can help BUM DESA Purworejo, Pesawaran Regency overcome three challenges. As a result, the assistance that can be provided to Purworejo Village must focus on general business management, business administration, and business feasibility science. Development economics academics can offer hands-on instruction and experience with corporate feasibility studies and feasibility studies. In addition, from a scientific point of view, business administration can help strengthen the management and administration of the BUM DES business unit, which has not yet produced at its peak level and has even been suspended. Here, BUM DES constantly faces losses and failures. Apart from that, this support will also be combined with training on work motivation for Purworejo Village residents.
Penggunaan Aplikasi Tata Surat Dalam Pengelolaan Surat di MTsN 1 Kota Palangka Raya
Authors: Sandi Kurnia , Aliyah Muhumatul , Waningsih Sri , Bhekti Siti Maria Noorlaila Yunia , Sapuadi Sapuadi
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini berjudul “Penggunaan Aplikasi Tata Surat Dalam Pengelolaan Surat di MTs N 1 Kota Palangka Raya”. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengelolaan dan penggunaan aplikasi tata surat dalam pengelolaan surat masuk dan keluar di MTs N 1 Kota Palangka Raya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif berupa pendekatan studi kasus. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah seorang admin aplikasi tata surat yang merupakan salah satu staf yang ada pada bidang Tata Usaha (TU) di MTs N 1 Kota Palangka Raya. Data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari hasil wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa penggunaan dan pengelolaan Aplikasi tata surat di MTs N 1 Kota Palangka Raya berjalan dengan sistematis, efektif dan efisien, mulai dari penginputan surat masuk dan surat keluar hingga pengarsipan surat masuk dan surat keluar. Dalam penggunaan aplikasi tata surat tidak terdapat kendala baik dalam penginputan hingga pengarsipan surat masuk dan surat keluar.
Análisis de sectorización hidráulica en redes de distribución de agua implementando Epanet e iDistritos
Authors: Flórez Sepúlveda Aura Liliana , Bonilla Granados Carlos Alexis , Celeita Molina Johnathan
Published: July 2024

Las redes de distribución de agua potable tienen como principal objetivo abastecer agua potable para suplir las necesidades de cantidad y calidad demandadas por una población. Estos sistemas se conciben para suministrar agua a todos los habitantes de forma continua durante todo el día. Estas condiciones óptimas de funcionamiento en algunas ciudades no se logran debido a diferentes problemas que se presentan y que afectan el normal funcionamiento de las redes de distribución. Esta investigación presenta una propuesta de mejora y optimización de las redes hidráulicas de la ciudad de Los Patios, ubicada en Norte de Santander, Colombia. Ciudad que actualmente presenta problemas en el funcionamiento de su sistema de distribución debido a factores como el crecimiento poblacional, los asentamientos informales, la falta de planeación en la construcción de sus redes de tuberías y la disponibilidad de agua en la fuente de abastecimiento. La operación actual de la red se realiza a partir del cierre de válvulas de seccionamiento con el fin de generar sectores y de esta forma garantizar turnos de servicio que proporcionan agua por zonas entre dos a tres días por la semana, lo cual incumple con los criterios de continuidad del servicio y afecta la calidad del recurso; en respuesta a esta problemática, la presente investigación propone varias alternativas de sectorización hidráulica de las redes de tuberías empleando la teoría de grafos y los softwares iDistritos y Epanet. Como resultado se obtuvo una optimización del funcionamiento hidráulico de la red de distribución aumentando la continuidad del servicio y se describen las acciones y recomendaciones necesarias para desarrollar estas alternativas.
Microplásticos en cuerpos de agua continentales: impacto y estrategias de mitigación desde la perspectiva de la ingeniería agroindustrial
Authors: Gamarra- Jiménez Ana Isabel , Salazar- Sánchez Margarita del Rosario
Published: July 2024

La investigación sobre microplásticos es esencial debido a su impacto global en los ecosistemas acuáticos y la salud humana. A pesar del reconocimiento del problema, persiste una brecha en la comprensión y mitigación de estos contaminantes en cuerpos de agua continentales. Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar el estado del conocimiento sobre la presencia, impacto y estrategias de mitigación de microplásticos desde la perspectiva de la ingeniería agroindustrial. Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa sistemática para revisar la literatura científica, utilizando criterios específicos de inclusión en diversas bases de datos bibliográficas, centrando en la ecuación de búsqueda microplastic AND freshwater. Los resultados revelan que la contaminación por microplásticos es un problema complejo y multifacético, con diversas fuentes de emisión que afectan a los ecosistemas acuáticos y terrestres. Actividades industriales, agrícolas, turísticas y domésticas contribuyen a la liberación de microplásticos en el medio ambiente. Comprender estas fuentes es esencial para desarrollar estrategias efectivas de mitigación y remoción, como la reducción de su generación, el reciclaje de los existentes y la inmovilización para prevenir su dispersión. La adopción de prácticas agrícolas sostenibles y sistemas eficientes de tratamiento de aguas residuales es crucial en este proceso. La evaluación de estas estrategias mediante modelos matemáticos considerando la cantidad y tipo de microplásticos generados, así como su impacto ambiental. La implementación exitosa requiere la colaboración con agricultores y ganaderos para promover prácticas más sostenibles. Aunque se presentan ejemplos de implementación, es importante reconocer las limitaciones y seguir investigando en conjunto con los actores relevantes para encontrar soluciones más efectivas y sostenibles.
PENGEMBANGAN LEMBAR KERJA PESERTA DIDIK (LKPD) IPA BERBASIS SCIENTIFIC PADA SISWA KELAS V SDN 10 LUBUKLINGGAU
Authors: Lestari Miranda Puji , Charli Leo
Published: July 2024

Riset berikut tujuannya guna memperoleh LKPD (Lembar Kerja Peserta didik) IPA Berbasis Scientific Pada peserta didik Kelas V SDN 10 Lubuklinggau yang praktis dan valid. Jenis riset berikut yakni R&D (Research and Development) dengan model pengembangan 4D. Subyek riset berikut ialah peserta didik kelas V SDN 10 Lubuklinggau dengan sampel sebanyak 6 peserta didik. Teknik penghimpunan data yang dipakai berupa pengamatan, wawancara, serta angket. Hasil validasi bahasa mendapatkan skor 0,90 dengan kategori tinggi, validasi media mendapatkan skor 0,75 dengan kategori Cukup Tinggi, validasi materi mendapat skor 0,89 dengan kategori tinggi. Sementara hasil yang diperoleh dari pengujian kepraktisan pengajar senilai 92,5 % dan pelajar senilai 100 %. Hasil yang didapatkan dari uji keefektifan yakni sebesar 0,81 sehingga bisa dibuat simpulan bahwasanya LKPD IPA Berbasis Scientific telah mencukupi persyaratan valid, praktis serta efektif sehingga bisa dipakai pada tahapan belajar IPA pada pelajar kelas V SD.
PENGEMBANGAN E – MODULE INTERAKTIF BERBASIS WEBSITE 2 APK BUILDER DENGAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING PADA MATERI PEMBAGIAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS IV SD
Authors: Amelia Sabela , Mailani Elvi , Lubis Wildansyah , Nurmayani Nurmayani , Afriadi Putra
Published: July 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan E Module interaktif berbasis website 2 Apk builder yang valid, praktis dan efektif untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan dengan model 4- D yang terdiri dari 4 tahapan yakni design, define, development dan disseminate. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa/i kelas IV. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis data kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan metode pengumpulan data mencakup observasi, wawancara, skala validasi dan tes. Hasil penelitian memperoleh persentase skor materi 92% (Sangat Layak), dan memperoleh persentase skor desain dan teknologi 84% (Sangat Layak). Selanjutnya persentase skor kepraktisan 90% (Sangat Praktis) serta memperoleh skor keefektivan dengan nilai rata -rata 58, 81 (Cukup Efektif). Dan setelah menggunakan E Module interaktif berbasis website 2 Apk builder perolehan rata -rata ketuntasan nilai post – test adalah sebesar 80%. Hasil belajar siswa/i kelas IV SD IT Permata Firdaus mengalami peningkatan dan siswa menjadi lebih aktif berpartisipasi dalam proses belajar.
STRATEGI GURU DALAM MENUMBUHKAN JIWA KEWIRAUSAHAAN PESERTA DIDIK MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Br Ginting Femi , T Natasya , Kurniyati Wiwik , Nahara Afifa Suci , Sofwan Muhammad , Sholeh Muhammad
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi strategi yang digunakan oleh guru dalam menumbuhkan jiwa kewirausahaan pada peserta didik melalui pembelajaran di sekolah dasar. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dengan guru-guru yang memiliki pengalaman dalam mengajar mata pelajaran terkait kewirausahaan di sekolah dasar. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan tema dan temuan penting diidentifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru menggunakan berbagai strategi untuk membangun jiwa kewirausahaan pada peserta didik. Salah satu strategi utama adalah menjadi model peran yang menginspirasi, di mana guru menunjukkan semangat kewirausahaan dalam tindakan dan sikap sehari-hari. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi bagi pemahaman tentang peran guru dalam mengembangkan jiwa kewirausahaan pada anak-anak di tingkat sekolah dasar.
Development of a cross-platform application for controlling a robotic complex
Authors: Koltygin Dmitry Stanislavovich , Sedel'nikov Il'ya Andreevich
Published: July 2024

A brief analysis of the approaches currently used to develop management programs is provided, their application features, advantages and disadvantages are identified. For the study, the development of a cross-platform appli-cation of control systems for robotic complexes (RTC) was chosen, using the example of RTC with MP-11 robotic manipulators. The structure of the control system includes a controller on the Arduino Mega 2560 Pro Mini board with a loaded low-level program and an upper-level program. The development is carried out on the platform.NET MAUI, which allows you to create an application for Windows, Android, and IOS operating systems on a single code base, i.e. the same code is automatically compiled for all operating systems, taking into account their features and applied elements. The control computer is connected via USB, mobile devices via Bluetooth, while data is programmatically transmitted via a serial port. The description of the modes of operation of the developed application, its functioning algorithms, indicating the features of execution for this type of programs and the appearance of forms with elements located on them is given. The program provides manual and automatic modes of operation, as well as control
of not only the RTC, but also its model. The key features of this application are the use of a single code base and design for the implementation of desktop and mobile applications for various operating systems without using network resources, unlike web applications.
Implementation Of Swot Analysis In Determining Strategy At Pt Han
Authors: Vanadya Melvina , Agustini Maria Y. D. Hayu
Published: July 2024

The expedition industry has been experiencing rapid growth because of the increase on purchase online that generates higher demand on distribution services. PT HAN operating in the industry is however has experienced a continuous sales decline. This research is aimed at determining effective strategy for PT HAN to increase its sales. Interview with the key informants in the company was to explore the information on strategy formulation. A list of questions formed according to the strategy formulation process in strategic management was prepared as guidance. The interview transcription was the data to be analyzed using SWOT matrix to identify alternative strategies that are effective for the company to increase its sales. This alternative strategies resulted are to implement home services, to increase the number of branches, to rejuvenate the armadas, to regenerate the business, and to create a tracking system. It is estimated that the company can grow the business by implementing the strategies.
Commitment Mediates, Culture Moderates: How Learning Impacts Performance at an Energy Company
Authors: Sulistyaningsih Endang , Pangalila Tamara Setyowati
Published: July 2024

This research aims to analyze the influence of organizational learning on employee performance at Energy Company, with organizational commitment as a mediating variable and organizational culture as a moderating variable. The population in this study consists of 59 permanent employees of the Energy Company residing in Jakarta, Indonesia, with a sample of 52 employees. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire distributed to Energy Company employees. The data analysis technique used multiple linear regression analysis operated with the Hayes Process Macro SPSS. The study results show that organizational learning significantly influences employee performance and organizational commitment, and organizational commitment significantly influences employee performance. Organizational commitment also partially mediates the influence of organizational learning on employee performance. However, organizational culture needs to moderate the impact of organizational learning on employee performance. This study contributes to understanding how multinational energy companies manage and support their employees in diverse cultural settings.
México 2018: elecciones, partidos y nuevos clivajes sociales
Authors: Palma Esperanza , Tamayo Sergio , Osornio Guerrero María Cristina , Alarcón Olguín Víctor Manuel , Tejera Gaona Héctor , Navarrete Vela Juan Pablo , Reveles Vázquez Francisco , Devoto Lisandro Martín , Hernández Vicencio Tania , Rangel Juárez Griselda Beatriz , López Sánchez Ericka , Rodríguez Domínguez Emanuel , Woldenberg José
Published: July 2024

Conjunto de trabajos académicos escritos por expertos de diversas disciplinas que se presentaron y discutieron en un ciclo de mesas redondas, antes de la jornada electoral de 2018. Refleja el carácter polisémico y complejo de los procesos electorales, así como su dinámica y conflictiva expresión política en el México contemporáneo. El libro aborda diversos temas relativos a un conjunto de eventos coyunturales, así como procesos aún inconclusos, que podrían tener un impacto de largo plazo en el sistema de partidos y en las formas de relación de los partidos con la ciudadanía. Los trabajos se agruparon en cinco secciones: Transformaciones y perspectivas del sistema de partidos; Dinámicas y escenarios de las campañas; Los partidos y las organizaciones sociales; Las agendas post-noventa: la paridad y el acceso de las mujeres a los cargos de representación y los derechos político electorales de la comunidad LGBT+ y Las elecciones y la perspectiva de la democracia.
The effect of age medicalization on the perception of individual health and aging in the older
Authors: Galkin K. A.
Published: July 2024

The article examines the peculiarities of the effect of medicalization on the individual perceptions of older people about their own health. The empirical base of the study consisted of 60 interviews with elderly residents of St. Petersburg of different generations 65+ and 75+, 30 interviews with representatives of each generation. The main method of analysis is thematic. In the course of the study, it was determined that in Russia, old age is inextricably linked with the medicalization of this condition and older people form a special group that is constantly exposed to the problem of medicalization of age. In the course of the study, we found out that discrimination against older people based on poor health in old age is present both in the framework of private communication with relatives and loved ones and is widespread in various discourses in the media and is actively supported by doctors and other medical professionals. The narratives of the interview identified an important problem, namely the connection between old age and poor health, which causes older people themselves to define their old age as a time of problems and difficulties with health. The problem of medicalization itself is extremely significant and difficult to solve at this stage. The problem of medicalization of the elderly leads to the fact that barriers for the elderly begin to develop in society and old age is perceived from the position of minimizing possible health problems. In this case, it is important to conduct further sociological research focused on analyzing the features of medicalization and the possibility of minimizing this problem in Russian society and throughout the world.
Unchecked single-use persistence: Islamabad retailers’ defiance of the plastic bag prohibition
Authors: Khan Muhammad , Amir-ud-Din Rafi , Atif Rao Muhammad
Published: July 2024

Islamabad’s 2019 ban on single-use plastic shopping bags aimed to reduce plastic waste, but compliance is limited. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the ban as well as other factors in curtailing plastic bag use in Islamabad. Regression modeling within a rational choice framework analyzed survey data from 406 retailers across 18 selected urban and rural markets. We found that the subjective belief that a fine was unlikely (β = −16.10; t = −3.90; p < 0.001), likely (β = −24.99; t = −4.95; p < 0.001), or very likely (β = −43.84; t = −4.07; p < 0.001) for selling bags versus very unlikely was significantly associated with lower usage. Additionally, older retailer age (β = −0.25; p < 0.001) and more education (β = −0.77; p < 0.01) were associated with lower plastic bag usage. Business registration (β = −3.94; p < 0.10) and trade membership (β = −4.04; p < 0.05) also decreased use. Rural location (zone II: β = 13.28; p < 0.001) and plastic bags stock availability (β = 16.75; p < 0.001) increased use. Awareness, viewing bags as “Good”, unlikely fines and lack of substitutes lowered use. Results provide insights to inform more effective policies for reducing plastic waste.
Hom-associative magmas with applications to Hom-associative magma algebras
Authors: Lundstrom Patrik
Published: July 2024

Let $X$ be a magma, that is a set equipped with a binary operation, and consider a function $\alpha : X \to X$. We say that $X$ is Hom-associative if, for all $x,y,z \in X$, the equality $\alpha(x)(yz) = (xy) \alpha(z)$ holds. For every isomorphism class of magmas of order two, we determine all functions $\alpha$ making $X$ Hom-associative. Furthermore, we find all such $\alpha$ that are endomorphisms of $X$. We also consider versions of these results where the binary operation on $X$ and the function $\alpha$ only are partially defined. We use our findings to construct numerous examples of two-dimensional Hom-associative as well as multiplicative magma algebras.
The Influence of Soil Physico-Mechanical Properties on Plant Growth and Subsoil Water Movement
Authors: Khelalfa Khaoula , Khelalfa Houssam
Published: July 2024

Within the cutting-edge realm of Geotechnical Biology, the interplay between soil mechanics and biological systems has unveiled profound insights that align with the rural sustainability, forestry and agroecosystems. This inquiry, encompassing the role of soil characteristics and parameters in shaping plant behavior and root growth, creating a suction effect that draws water towards them and underscores the intricate relationships that govern soil-plant interactions. A numerical simulation was expertly dissected using Plaxis 2D software, particularly focused on understanding the complex behavior of root water uptake over time and the changing level of groundwater and its dynamics rhythm affected by the evolution of plants. The output results in our study have important implications for understanding the soil-plant system and the role of geotechnical processes in biological analyses. Our findings suggest that the stability and behavior of geotechnical systems can have a significant impact on plant growth and distribution, underscoring the importance of considering geotechnical processes in biological analyses.
Developing skills for a healthy lifestyle by using interactive methods in teaching Biology and Health Education
Authors: Davidova Rositsa , Valcheva Irena
Published: July 2024

The aim of the article is to present the results of using interactive methods in the teaching of Biology and Health Education to 7th grade students for developing skills for a healthy lifestyle. The discussion is based on the topics: “The role of prokaryotic organisms in nature and their importance for man”, “The role of unicellular eukaryotic organisms in nature and their importance for man”, and “Talus plants. Seaweed”. The discussion is supported by fragments of lessons in which interactive methods are used – the method of associations through creating mind maps, discussion, case study, and role play. As a result of using of interactive methods, students develop key competencies for maintaining their own health and the health of society as a whole.
The debate - an opportunity for the formation of ecological culture in Biology and Health Education
Authors: Doichinova Klaida
Published: July 2024

The present study is part of a didactic experiment, which aims at establishing the application and effectiveness of the school debate, as an interactive method of teaching in Biology and Health Education in XII grade in order to form an environmental culture among students. The application of school debate as a part of interactive methods corresponding to the objectives of environmental education and upbringing of a selected methodological unit of the ‘Sustainable development - strategy for preserving life on Earth’ is presented, and options for its application in a specific stage of the macro structure of the lesson are proposed. The results of a questionnaire, conducted with students to explore their opinions on the application of the debate as a teaching method, are presented. The analysis of the results shows that students are motivated to actively engage in the process of learning Biology and Health Education, accept the debate as an interactive form of learning because they believe that it increases their environmental awareness and develops key skills such as, critical thinking; skills to support sustainable development; teamwork; making decisions on various environmental topics; improves the ability to analyze and evaluate the relationship between man-society-nature.
Cumulative ordinal quasi-symmetry model and its separation for square contingency tables with ordered categories
Authors: Ando Shuji , Yamamoto Kouji , Tomizawa Sadao
Published: July 2024

This study deals with square contingency tables, which are two-way contingency tables in which the row and column variables consist of the same classification. When the categorical variables are grouped into ordered categories from quantitative variables by cut points, a score that approximates the distance between the midpoints of the quantitative scale categories may be used to reflect the characteristics of the data. As an asymmetry model based on scores, this study proposes the cumulative ordinal quasi-symmetry model and ordinal marginal homogeneity model based on cumulative probabilities. The asymmetric parameter in the proposed models would be useful for making inferences such as that a row variable is stochastically less than a column variable or vice versa. This study also gives a separation of the cumulative ordinal quasi-symmetry model, that is, the cumulative ordinal quasi-symmetry model holds if and only if both the cumulative quasi-symmetry and ordinal marginal homogeneity models hold. The usefulness of the proposed models and the proposed separation is demonstrated through real data analysis.
An Analysis of Factors Influencing Green Supply Chain Drivers in the Indian Real Estate Sector Using the ISM-DEMATEL Approach
Authors: Koul Pawan , Roy Ghatak Ranjit
Published: July 2024

In response to compelling environmental and societal imperatives, the real estate sector is increasingly compelled to adopt environmentally sustainable practices, prompting a significant “green” shift. Drawing upon an extensive literature review and insights garnered through expert interviews, this study identifies 15 critical factors influencing the green supply chain in the Indian real estate domain. Employing the Interpretive Structural Modeling–Dynamic Multi-Attribute Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (ISM–DEMATEL) approach, the hierarchical and contextual relationships among these factors are systematically examined. The ISM–DEMATEL analysis unveils that government policies and legislation, developer orientation and commitment, and green financing emerge as the top three pivotal drivers steering the green supply chain in the Indian real estate sector. To further categorize these drivers, a Matrice d’Impacts Croisés Multiplication Appliquée à un Classement (MICMAC) analysis is employed, resulting in the classification of factors into independent, dependent, autonomous, and linkage categories. The research offers practical insights that may prove invaluable to stakeholders within the real estate industry as well as academicians.
The outcomes of Quercus robur natural regeneration after clear-cutting in the north-eastern part of Ukraine
Authors: Tkach Viktor , Rumiantsev Maksym , Kobets Oleksii , Obolonyk Iryna
Published: July 2024

Enabling natural seed regeneration is important because natural stands grown from seeds are more productive compared to vegetative and artificial ones; they are also more resistant to adverse environmental factors and climate change. The aim of the study was to assess natural regeneration after clear-cutting in oak stands in the north-eastern Ukraine. The research was carried out in stands where regeneration cutting was carried out in years with different oak fruiting intensity. According to the recent inventory, the total regeneration quantity in clear-cut plots was from 16,800 to 28,900 stems ha–1, including 12,600–19,300 stems ha–1 of oak (60–85% of the total number), and a greater number of the regenerated oaks was recorded in the years of medium, good and very good acorn yield. It was established that the cutting must be carried out precisely in such years, preceded by pre-harvest cultural activities to promote oak natural regeneration. The composition of the formed young stands is optimal and meets the objectives of forest management in the study region.
The spruce bark volatiles and internal phloem chemical profiles after the forest gap formation: the annual course
Authors: Šamajová Veronika , Marešová Jana , Majdák Andrej , Jakuš Rastislav , Blaženec Miroslav
Published: July 2024

Our study explores the impact of sudden gap formation on the bark volatile and internal chemical profiles of Norway spruce trees during the initial dry year of research plot 2018 following gap formation. We investigated the annual variation in two main physiological traits of Norway spruce trees at the forest edge (FE) and in the forest interior (FI): bark monoterpene (MT) emission spectra and internal phloem MT composition. Given that gap formation increases the solar radiation dose and temperature for trees at the forest edge, we hypothesized that the concentrations of airborne terpenes released from the tree bark and internal phloem terpenes will increase as a consequence of induced tree defenses. Our findings demonstrate significant increases in both airborne terpene concentrations and internal terpene composition in trees at the forest edge compared to the control trees in the forest interior. This study provides novel insights into the annual dynamics of bark monoterpenes following forest edge establishment and underscores the physiological changes experienced by trees in response to the gap formation.
Epigeic spider and ground beetles (Carabid) communities of semi-natural and natural habitats in agricultural landscape in Slovakia
Authors: Langraf Vladimír , Gajdoš Peter , Purgat Pavol , Štofík Jozef , Šestáková Anna , Petrovičová Kornélia
Published: July 2024

We studied the spatial structure of spiders and beetles in 4 types of habitats in the Poloniny National Park. Between the years 2020 and 2021, we recorded 1,597 beetle specimens and 3,765 spider specimens using the pitfall trap method. The most represented beetles were Poecilus versicolor (53.4%), Nebria brevicollis (10.3%), Staphylinus caesareus (4.4%) and Amara familiaris (4.1%). Among the spiders, there were species Pardosa pullata (21.81%), Pachygnatha degeeri (14.21%), Xerolycosa nemoralis (10.28%), Pardosa palustris (7.86%), Trochosa ruricola (6.24%) and Alopecosa pulverulenta (4.38%). We confirmed the occurrence of two European important species of beetles (Carabus zawadzkii, Carabus variolosus) and 3 species of spiders belonging to the vulnerable species according to the IUCN threat status (Gongylidiellum vivum, Palliduphantes milleri and Xysticus lineatus). We also found the spider Micaria micans, which is new to the Slovak fauna and information about its distribution and habitat preferences in Slovakia is presented. Using multivariate analyzes (CCA, RDA) and classification species into bioindicative groups, we found a greater connection of adaptable and eurytopic species of ground beetles to the mesophilic meadow and of spiders to the habitat Nardetum pasture. Based on bioindicative groups of species (adaptable, eurytopic and relict), we found only a small difference in percentile points between spiders and beetles.
Correlation of pedunculate oak leaf traits in situ and ex situ in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Hodžić Mirzeta Memišević , Ballian Dalibor , Gömöry Dušan
Published: July 2024

Pedunculate oak is an economically and ecologically very valuable species at the European level and for Bosnia and Hercegovina, and research into variation of this species is very important. In 2007, pedunculate oak leaf material was collected in 27 populations in Bosnia and Herzegovina along with seeds, which were used to establish a provenance trial. In the trial, leaves were collected in 2021, and 14 morphological traits were measured in both types of material. Analysis of variance showed generally non-significant differences between generations, but significant variation among populations and population-by-generation interactions. However, the correlations between generations were non-significant for most traits, and neither were the correlations with climatic parameters. The results indicate both genetic and environmental effects on leaf morphology. The utility of leaf morphology for gene conservation is shortly discussed.
Floral traits and functional role of whorls in pollinator attraction of Magnolia grandiflora L.
Authors: Sukumaran Arun , Khanduri Vinod Prasad , Gairola Sumeet , Sharma Chandra Mohan
Published: July 2024

Species within the primitive genus Magnolia may often produce specialized floral traits and behaviour to grab the attention of potential pollinators from their surroundings. These reproductive traits in plants undergo various selection pressures and frequently bring forth variations to adapt to the new habitat that may result in speciation. We have aimed to understand the floral traits, the functional role of floral parts, and the variable response of visitors in Magnolia grandiflora belonging to an ancient order Magnoliales. Our observations reveal that the floral traits of M. grandiflora resemble those of basal angiosperms, conforming to the primitive existence of the genus Magnolia. The inconsistency in floral form reflected that M. grandiflora has been experiencing various selection pressures from biotic and abiotic factors. Inconsistency in floral equations and diagrams reflect the structural variability in flowers, which can directly impact pollination and reproductive output. SEM images of pollen grains reveal that the pollen grains were monocolpate and boat-shaped in structure. GC-MS analysis showed that VOCs in stigmatic exudation of the flower were largely composed of terpene hydrocarbons such as Perthenine, β-Elemene, β-Caryophyllene, α-Humulene, Bicyclogermacrene, Germacrene A and D, etc. Beyond pollinators attraction, VOCs play a major role in repelling unwanted visitors and in improving the defensive mechanisms in Magnolia. Beetles, bees, and flies were found to be the active pollinators and the behaviour of bees indicates that bees were trying to replace the role of beetles in pollinating M. grandiflora. In summary, floral whorls were diversely functionalized to ensure maximum reproduction in M. grandiflora.
Exponential State Estimation for Delayed Competitive Neural Network Via Stochastic Sampled-Data Control with Markov Jump Parameters Under Actuator Failure
Authors: Cao Yang , Subhashri A.R. , Chandrasekar A. , Radhika T. , Przybyszewski Krzysztof
Published: July 2024

This article examines the problem of estimating the states of Markovian jumping competitive neural networks, where the estimation is done using stochastic sampled-data control with time-varying delay. Instead of continuously measuring the states, the network relies on sampled measurements, and a sampled-data estimator is proposed. The estimator uses probabilistic sampling during two sampling periods, following a Bernoulli distribution. The article also takes into account the possibility of actuator failure in real systems. To ensure the exponentially mean-square stability of the delayed neural networks, the article constructs a Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional (LKF) that includes information about the bounds of the delay. The sufficient conditions for stability are derived in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) by employing modified free matrix-based integral inequalities. Finally, a numerical example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Do Internally Managed Reits Manage Earnings More Than Externally Managed Reits?
Authors: Ajayi Oluwaseun Damilola , Akinsomi Omokolade
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the paper was to provide an empirical examination of earnings management among internally and externally managed REITs. The empirical accounting literature claims that internal management of a firm does not constrain earnings management, while others argue in favor of internal management for firms. Using a sample of listed South African REITs for the 2013 - 2021 time period, we examine the relationship between management structures and earnings management. We do not find any aggressive practice in internally managed REITs during the study period. The study’s findings imply that good corporate governance is a critical safeguard for stakeholders in exceptional circumstances when REITs have special incentives to manage earnings; as a result, it is suggested that REITs’ corporate governance is important, despite being overlooked in some circumstances. Specific to South African REITs, policymakers as well as nominating committees of the board of directors may wish to take note that financial competence is an important quality of external directors in order to effectively curb earnings management. This is the first study to investigate financial sheet manipulation among REITs management structures in an emerging market.