bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Economic Strategies of Innovative Competitiveness of Textile Industry Enterprises in the Categories of Costs and Results
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design, Neseniuk Y. S.
Published: January 2021

The article is aimed at diagnosing the costs of textile industry enterprises and developing economic strategies for innovative competitiveness of enterprises focused on the growth of their results. In terms of dynamic approach to the growth rate of value added volumes the article allocates the following sub-sectors - leaders and outsiders. In terms of structural approach, it is shown that the bulk of the value added accounts for the production of other textile products, primarily the production of finished textiles, except clothing. The overall tendency of textile production to increase positive financial results during 2010-2019 is statistically proved. The sub-sectors with cumulative losses and the greatest contribution to the formation of the financial result of the textile industry are allocated. The tendency of all types of textile production to increase the proportion of profitable enterprises is identified. It is shown that there are no large enterprises in the textile industry, and the main share of the financial result is formed by medium-sized enterprises, except for the production of finished textile products, apart from clothing, and other textile products for technical and industrial purposes. The main economic strategies of innovative competitiveness of textile industry enterprises are substantiated.
The Tasks of Industrial Policy to Increase the Competitiveness of Regions and Strengthen the Economic Security of Ukraine
Authors:   The National Institute for Strategic Studies, Sobkevich O. V.
Published: January 2021

The article is aimed at researching modern tendencies in the industry of Ukraine, identifying problems and risks influencing its development, and specifying the measures directed towards improving the State-based industrial policy to increase the competitiveness of regions and strengthen the economic security of the country. The main systemic problems hindering the development of industry and the restoration of positive dynamics are defined, which are as follows: large-scale deindustrialization; deterioration of the technological structure of production; inefficient structure of production with the prevailing raw materials, energy-armed, «dirty» productions; weakness of cooperation relations in industry, low degree of cooperation of enterprises in value chains; consolidation of the monopoly-oligarchic model in many markets; shortage of skilled labor for industry needs; lack of a legislatively enshrined strategic course of industrial development; significant regional concentration of industry. It is indicated that at the regional level the tasks of economic development are effectively solved thanks to the concept of smart specialization (sensible specialization). A positive experience in the implementation of pilot projects of smart specialization in the regions of Ukraine is presented; the main directions of implementation of smart specialization and cluster development, which should be implemented at the level of public administration, in order to increase the competitiveness of regions and strengthen economic security in Ukraine, are determined.
The Role of Social Standards in Social Policy of the Country
Authors:   Research Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine, Shlykova V. O. , Levanda O. M. ,   Research Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine
Published: January 2021

The article is aimed at defining the role of social standards in the formation of social policy of the country. The peculiarities of interpretation of social policy in scientific literature are analyzed, key agents of the social policy interaction are identified as follows: economic policy, health policy, education and fiscal policy. Education policy provides the economy with human capital and thereby creates preconditions for economic development. Economic policy interacts with social policy in terms of distribution of access to goods, services and resources, as well as in terms of providing employment. In turn, fiscal policy carries out the secondary distribution of income through transfers. Social policy, aside from social protection of the population, aims to create conditions for access to education and services of the health care system. The structure of social standards and guarantees enshrined in the Law of Ukraine «On the State Social Standards and the State Social Guarantees» is considered in terms of definitions of terms, aim and purpose. A brief overview of the world practice of implementation of social welfare programs is specified, in the development of which social standards are taken into account, as well as existing approaches to the formation of social security in Ukraine. As a result of the carried out research, it was found that through preventive, restorative and compensatory interventions, social security allows beneficiaries to maintain their standard of living, find work or improve their own prospects in the labor market, as well as create conditions for social integration and preservation of physical and mental health. In this context, social standards are the criteria for the need for intervention and play the role of the norm on the amount of interference for the implementation of social policy of the State. On the other hand, social standards can act as targeted benchmarks of this policy, agreed with the goals of the country’s development.
River Transport as an Instrument for the Development of Logistics System in Ukraine
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Romanchuk S. V.
Published: January 2021

The present stage of development of society is characterized by extremely high rates of reproducing processes, dynamics of business relations and high level of requirements for the efficiency of solving current problems. The article examines the composition and prospects of the logistics system in Ukraine, analyzes the strategic directions of its development. The potential of river transportation in Ukraine, its present-time status and role in the transport and logistics system are covered. Some programs for the development of the transport system and its integration into the international space, their prospects and the reality of implementation are analyzed. The main risks for sustainable development and ways of their leveling with the help of infrastructural elements are defined. The focus is set on the main problems of both the entire logistics complex and the river transportation segment, the directions of their overcoming are singled out. For the purposes of the research, with the river routes are included the immediate shipping routes (i.e. rivers and canals), infrastructure objects (ports, gateways, docks, ship repair plants, etc.) and fleet (river vessels, tugs, barges and vessels of the river-sea type). The groups of measures for the development of river transport are singled out on the basis of potential sources of their financing. The components of economic efficiency of river transport development and ways of achieving such efficiency are substantiated. The river transport of Ukraine is the most environmentally friendly, energy efficient and can provide low self-cost of transportation. In the context of perspective increase in prices for both road and rail transportation, river transport can become the reserve that can keep the cost of transportation within the country at the current level. Particular attention is paid to the development of river ports of Ukraine as promising logistics centers. Specific instruments and measures to develop the relevant segment of river logistics and ensure their efficiency have been formulated. One of these key instruments, according to the author, be the automation of the processes of management and organization of river transportation, which will help maximize their efficiency.
Evaluating the Efficiency of Commercial Banks Using the DEA Method
Authors:   Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Blahun I. S.
Published: January 2021

The article examines the application of the DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) method in assessing the efficiency of commercial banks. This approach does not require knowledge of the efficiency function form. Using empirical input values and results of the financial and banking institutions, we are looking for a weight ratio to maximize efficiency. The article is aimed at evaluating the quality of management of commercial banks using the DEA model. As the methodology was chosen the DEA-modeling, because this method eliminates the problem of heteroscedacticity, which occurs during the parametric modeling. In the methodology of the analysis of the environment of the banks’ operation, commercial bank is considered as an economic unit with specific costs, which, as a result of the implemented activities, are used to generate concrete results. The article develops the principle of extracting information from observations. Thus, compared to the parametric approach dealing with the data averaging within a single regression model, the DEA method allows building up a Pareto-optimal-limit of all solutions, taking into account each individual observation. When analyzing the activities of commercial banks, their assets and the number of employees were selected for research taking into account resources, respectively. On the other hand, the result was the achieved value of deposits, the cost of loans, the number of clients of the bank and the provision of this bank, determined by the solvency coefficient. It is determined that the greatest impact on the results of the research have the size of the received deposits and loans of commercial banks. Measuring the efficiency in this article lies in finding a minimum value of the efficiency ratio, which reduces inputs, but so that the level of the source data remains at the same position. Upon the basis of the research, it can be stated that human resources and assets mostly influence the size of deposits and loans and have a high level of efficiency. Therefore, competition between financial institutions for clients is intensifying.
Analyzing and Evaluating the Business Activity of Machine-Building Enterprises as the Basis for Increasing the Efficiency of Their Activities
Authors:   National Aviation University, Zyz D. О.
Published: January 2021

The article highlights the concept of business activity and the main tasks of analyzing and evaluating the business activity of machine-building enterprises. The directions of increasing business activity of enterprise are considered, which is achieved by a certain set of measures: acceleration of scientific, technical and organizational progress – by increasing the technical and technological level of production, organizational control systems, rapid updating of equipment; improvement of organizational structure – by reviewing the powers of each employee of the enterprise; improvement of production structure, in particular, increase of load and turnover coefficients – by increasing the volume of products; increasing the competitiveness of products and services – by improving the quality of goods produced and services provided; development and improvement of foreign trade of this enterprise – through establishing relations with neighboring countries. Evaluation and analysis of the main machine-building enterprises was carried out. The financial condition of machine-building enterprises and factors that lead to destabilization in the crisis situation is determined; the main goals of machine-building enterprises and the planning tools, which will allow management of the process of strategy implementation, are outlined.
The Scientific-Practical Aspects of Assessing the Adaptive Potential of Industrial Enterprises
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Yukhman Y. V.
Published: January 2021

The article is aimed at formulating the scientific-practical aspects of assessing the adaptive potential of industrial enterprises, taking into account the constant changes in the society’s needs. The publication defines that throughout the history of mankind industry advanced the development of civilization. Improvement of mechanisms, technologies, inventions that transformed the interaction and communication of people, irrevocably changed the development of civilization. Global industrial revolution significantly affected the lives and views of all nations. The modern era of risk and instability, globalization and new technologies all together transform the functioning conditions of the business environment and cause deep concern of many managers. On the basis of the carried out study, time ranges of the duration of crisis cycles are explored, an analysis of the cycles of crises (rise and depression) according to M. Kondratiev is carried out. The approach to overcoming the consequences of crises by industrial enterprises has been developed. Taking into account the impact of the crisis on the process of formation of an adaptively oriented management system of industrial enterprises on the basis of innovating, an algorithm for assessing their adaptive potential has been formed, which will be the grounds for producing effective managerial decisions on their development. The proposed algorithm of the scientific-practical approach to assessing the adaptive potential of industrial enterprises consists of the following stages: preparatory (research, projecting, adjustment); analytical (assessment of the dynamics of adaptive potential of industrial enterprises); pragmatic (defining development prospects).
The Methodological Instrumentarium for Assessing Compliance Risks of Financial Monitoring of Banks
Authors:   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Chmutova I. M. , Bezrodna O. S. ,   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Nechyporenko D. I. ,   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics
Published: January 2021

The article examines the essence and directions of identification of compliance risks of banks. The criteria for assessing compliance risks of financial monitoring of banks are purported to be: the level of development of the compliance system; experience in applying influence measures to banks by the NBU for violation of the requirements of legislation in the field of prevention and counteraction to money laundering and financing of terrorism (in the form of written warnings and fines); operational risk level and staff turnover. The defined directions of assessment include result factors (taking into account cases of risk materialization) and the factors that make the compliance function implementation process uncertain. The sequence and methodological instrumentarium for assessing compliance risks of financial monitoring of banks are presented, which provides for: formation of a database for analytical research by means of digitization of data (using coefficient approach and binary characteristics method); consolidation of the results of computation of indicators for the integral assessment of the researched phenomenon (by building up a composite indicator by means of the weighted amounts method). Based on information on the activities of individual banks, which during 2014-2020 belonged to the category of systemically important, practical approbation of the developed methodological instrumentarium was carried out. Recommendations on minimization of compliance risks of banks in the field of financial monitoring are formed, including: improvement of intrabank control systems; ensuring uninterrupted work and thorough training of staff; introduction of operational algorithms of actions to identify the reasons for their involvement in the processes of money laundering; using a risk-oriented approach to test business functions; introduction of effective monitoring systems and expansion of the list of compliance risk management instruments.
Tax Regulation of Investment Activity of Ukrainian Banks
Authors:   Lviv University of Trade and Economics, Medynska T. V. , Rushchyshyn N. M. ,   Lviv University of Trade and Economics, Nikonenko U. M. ,   Ukrainian Academy of Printing
Published: January 2021

The article is aimed at researching the tax regulation of investment activity of banks of Ukraine in the current conditions of development of the national economy; identifying the tax stimuli and deterrent factors of investment activity of banking institutions in the formation of investment portfolio. Tax regulation of the banking system directly influences the development of not only the monetary system, but also the national economy in general. Tax instruments for stimulating investment activity of banks are proposed to be grouped depending on the mechanism of influence, goals and types of investments. The dynamics of investments and their share in the assets of Ukrainian banks over the past five years are analyzed. The annual advance in the share of investments in the assets of Ukrainian banks shows an increase in the interest of banks in placing funds into investment objects. The assessment of the change in the composition and structure of the investment portfolio of Ukrainian banks for 2015–2019 was carried out, identifying that domestic banks focused on improving the liquidity of investments, i. e., financial instruments that can be sold at any time at favorable prices. The dynamics of the composition and structure of the portfolio of securities of domestic banks in recent years was researched, determining that the largest share for 2015–2016 made the securities for sale (more than 86%), while the securities before maturity amounted to more than 10%. When considering the structure of the portfolio of securities of banks during 2017-2019, it is specified that the most important is the proportion of investments in securities, which are accounted for at fair value through other comprehensive income, namely, more than 70%. Having examined the problems of domestic banking investment, we believe that stimulation in this direction should be carried out in terms of creating a favorable stable regulatory framework and an effective taxation regime.
Monetary Policy of the State in a Recession
Authors:   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Oganesyan M. M. , Dmytrenko O. V. ,   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Published: January 2021

The coronavirus pandemic and measures for curbing it have a serious negative impact not only on people’s health, but also on their well-being. Countries are experiencing a decline in GDP, rising unemployment and poverty. Many governments are trying to support businesses and individuals through various fiscal and monetary measures. The COVID-19 pandemic reached Ukraine when the national economy was already in poor condition. The effects of the recently introduced quarantine, including slowed or halted production and declining trade, can only worsen the situation. The government does not have sufficient economic resources to get out of the near-term crises in both the healthcare and the economy. The way forward is likely to include, in addition to international aid, not only short-term measures to mitigate the immediate effects of the pandemic, but also long-term planning to build a more robust economy and its «inoculation» against future shocks. The relevance of the research topic is based upon the matter that governments of many world countries pay enough attention to the problem of development of the national economy and stimulating the growth rate of the economy. Of course, it is difficult to imagine the development of the economy without a fundamental base that will be included in the financial system of the country. The basis of effective operation of the financial system in the country’s economy are such elements of monetary policy, using which it is possible to ensure a steady pace of economic growth.
Sectoral Social Entrepreneurship Innovation Opportunities in Nepal
Authors:   Tribhuvan University, Prasad Ghimire Rudra
Published: January 2021

Social entrepreneurship is a mix of sectoral innovation and resource availability by which social problems are treated as the ones handicapping a societie’s needs. It is a new dimension of the business sector. In Nepal, like everywhere in the world, a model of social entrepreneurship has been developed by several social innovators. The main aim of this research is to analyze the sectoral social entrepreneurship and innovation practices in Nepal. This paper is based on scientific review with reference to the social entrepreneurship and innovation in the context of Nepal economy. This subject matter is highly recognized due to its broad scope in terms of educational innovation, business innovation, environmental innovation, social innovation, financial innovation, technical innovations, innovations in all the sectors of economy, and, finally, innovations in the living standard of Nepalese people. Nepal needs social and economic transformation, which can be made by building socially responsive citizens. Thus, the context of Nepal suggests an opportunity for sectoral and structural innovations. Social innovations can make Nepal smart and strong. So, the government should create the environment for the social enterprise sector in Nepal.
Theoretical Aspects and Features of the Cross-Border Region Functioning
Authors:   Lviv Institute of Management, Yankiv M. M.
Published: January 2021

The article is aimed at more profound elaborating the theoretical and methodological principles while improving the content of the concept of «cross-border region», singling out its characteristic features, and carrying out a systematization. Taking into account the review of the existing scientific works, the author’s own approach to the interpretation of definition of «cross-border region» is proposed. As a result of research, the principles of functioning of the cross-border region are substantiated, i. e.: subsidiarity, vertical and horizontal partnership, aggregate of the development programs and concepts, institutionalization of structures at local and regional levels, co-financing, systemacity, bi- and multipolarity, proportionality. The author brings in proposals for classification of cross-border regions by introducing a number of new criterion features, such as: scale, development and degree of cross-border cooperation; integration type; geographical location; homogeneity (uniformity); level of development and support in the EU’s structural policy; natural features; implementation mechanism; instruments and forms of implementation. This approach allowed to identify cross-border regions as follows: identical, homogenic and with no affinity; peripheral and underdeveloped; leaders; initiators of cross-border cooperation; functional. Prospects for further developments in this direction are the study of the latest organizational forms of cross-border cooperation and substantiation of the methodological approaches to evaluating the degree of integration and interpenetration in the cross-border region.
Futballóriások gazdasági elemzése
Authors: Bács Bence András
Published: January 2021

A sportgazdaság egyik legmeghatározóbb, Európában pedig hagyományosan a legfontosabb szektora a „futballipar”. A milliók számára élményt szolgáltató futballvállalkozások közül mind sportsikerek szempontjából, mind a gazdasági mutatókat figyelembe véve kiemelkedő a Real Madrid és a Manchester United. Kutatásomban a két klub gazdasági elemzésére vállal-koztam az UEFA 2019-es riportja és a Deloitte évente megjelenő, Football Money League című jelentése alapján. Az adatok alapján megállapítható, hogy a közvetítési és kereskedelmi bevételek kiemelkedő mértékben meghatározzák a topklubok árbevételét, ilyen módon működé-süket tekintve, amelyek mögött a média és a globalizáció hatása fedezhető fel. Továbbá a kutatás rávilágít arra, hogy a spanyol bajnokság teljes árbevétele egyenlőtlenül, míg az angol bajnokság teljes árbevétele egyenletesebben oszlik meg a csapatok között. A globalizáció a futballóriások számára biztosítja a megfelelő piacot előnyük fenntartásához, amennyiben megfelelően tudják kihasználni az évek során felépített hírnevüket, márkaértéküket, és nem felejtik el, hogy a sport világában nemcsak a gazdasági, de a sportteljesítmény is meghatározó szerepet tölt be.
A sporteszközök piacának helyzete
Authors: Harangi-Rákos Mónika , Nagy Adrián Szilárd , Pfau Christa , Müller Anetta , Szabados György Norbert , Bácsné Bába Éva
Published: January 2021

Cikkünk célja a sportágak fejlődésének történelmi áttekintése mellett vizsgálni a sportszerek és sporteszközök gyártásának változásait. Ahogy az egyes sportágak szabályrendszerei kialakultak a 19. századtól fogva, úgy egyre több sportág esetében jelentek meg olyan szabálykönyvek és szabványok, amelyek az adott aktivitás műveléséhez szükséges eszközökre vonatkoztak. A sportok elterjedését gazdasági, társadalmi és családi körülmények is befolyásolják – éppúgy, mint az egyének sportolás iránti nyitottságát. A sportszerek gyártása és kereskedelme a globálisan egyre jelentősebbé váló sportgazdaság és sportipar egyre tekintélyesebb részét adja. Az Európai Uniós sporteszköz- és sportszerpiac hagyományosan nagy múltra tekint vissza. Az egyes sportágak jelentősége tagállamonként eltérő, emellett az is látható a statisztikai adatközlések alapján, hogy a sportszerek kivitele és behozatala között szerkezeti különbségek mutathatók ki. Az Európai Unió kivitele szempontjából a csónakok és vízisporteszközök kivitele a legjelentősebb: mintegy kétharmadnyi részesedésével dominál, míg a behozatal esetében ilyen erős jelenléttel egyik termékkör sem bír
A fiatalok szabadidősporttal, sportmotivációjával kapcsolatos kutatások tapasztalataiból
Authors: Kinczel Antonia , Laoues-Czimbalmos Nóra , Müller Anetta
Published: January 2021

Az ülő és mozgásszegény életmód terjedésével a sportolási szokásokat és fizikai aktivitásokat vizsgáló kutatások egyre inkább előtérbe kerülnek, melyre sok hazai és nemzetközi kutatás is irányul. A szabadidős tevékenységek közül a passzív rekreációs szokások – mint a tv-nézés, zenehallgatás vagy az online térben zajló különböző tevékenységek – előtérbe kerülnek. Ugyanakkor megfigyelhetjük azt is, hogy az egészségtudatos életmód terjedésével az egészségtudatos fogyasztók a szabadidős sport iránt keresletet támasztanak. Ãgy napjainkban, a sportmotivációban az egészségmegőrzés egyre fokozottabb szerepet kap. Módszer: A román és magyar fiatal felnőttek körében kérdőíves kutatást szerveztünk a sportolási szokások és a sportmotiváció körében (N = 612). A kérdőív eredményeit SPSS szoftverrel dolgoztuk fel, az alapstatisztikán felül az összefüggéseket is vizsgáltuk (chi2-próba), melyeket grafikus módon is ábrázoltunk. Az eredmények azt támasztják alá, hogy a fiatal felnőttek körében igen sokan végeznek szabadidős sporttevékenységet valamilyen rendszerességgel (75,5%). Amikor összehasonlítottuk a magyar és román válaszadók sportmotivációs eredményeit, szignifikáns eltérést kaptunk, az egészség, a külső megjelenés, a boldogság, az önmegvalósítás és a szórakoztató tevékenység tekintetében, amelyek a magyar válaszadók esetében rendre fontosabbak voltak a sportolásra való motivációban, mint a román fiatalok esetében (p < 0,05). A motivációkutatások segíthetnek bennünket abban is, hogy a fiatalokat hogyan szólítsuk meg, milyen üzeneteket küldjünk annak érdekében, hogy bevonjuk őket, és motiváljuk őket a szabadidősportban való részvételre
A testkép megítélése a rendszeres sporttevékenységet végzők körében
Authors: Szűcs Róbert Sándor , Pólya Éva , Szakály Zoltán
Published: January 2021

A testkép és az énkép viszonyulásának vizsgálata a szakirodalomban ismert és kutatott folyamat, de különösen a sportolók esetében csak az utóbbi évtizedben kapott nagyobb hangsúlyt. Jelen munkánkban a rendszeres sporttevékenységet végzők attitűdjeit elsősorban a testkép megítélésére, a sport jellegű tevékenység módjára és formájára koncentrálva vizsgáljuk. A kapcsolódó szakirodalom rövid áttekintése mellett saját primer kutatásunk eredményeit is bemutatjuk. Primer kutatásunkba olyan személyek kerültek bevonásra, akik rendszeres sporttevékenységet folytatnak, azaz legalább heti egy alkalommal sportolnak, önszántukból. Papíralapú és online kérdőíves megkérdezést alkalmaztunk, melynek során a megkérdezettek attitűdjeire koncentráltunk elsődlegesen. A minta elemszáma 737 fő. Kutatásunk során megállapítottuk, hogy a szubjektíven érzékelt „normál” testalkat kategóriája egyre feljebb tolódik, és egyre inkább elfogadottá válik a túlsúly társadalmi megítélése. A fogyasztói társadalom által bemutatott ideális testképek következtében a vékony testalkatúak vastagabbak, az erősebb alkattal rendelkezők vékonyabbak szeretnének lenni, vagyis máris fennáll egy olyan társadalmi probléma, amely gyakorta csak a fogyasztó, sportoló fejében létezik. Ez a jelenség alapvetően megalapozhatja az étrend-kiegészítők térnyerését, hiszen ezek gyártói minden szegmentumnak kínálnak megoldást a valós vagy vélt problémájuk megoldására
Intratumoural immune signature to identify patients with primary colorectal cancer who do not require follow-up after resection: an observational study
Authors: Primrose John N , Pugh Siân A , Thomas Gareth , Ellis Matthew , Moutasim Karwan , Mant David
Published: January 2021

Background

Following surgical and adjuvant treatment of primary colorectal cancer, many patients are routinely followed up with axial imaging (most commonly computerised tomography imaging) and blood carcinoembryonic antigen (a tumour marker) testing. Because fewer than one-fifth of patients will relapse, a large number of patients are followed up unnecessarily.

Objectives

To determine whether or not the intratumoural immune signature could identify a cohort of patients with a relapse rate so low that follow-up is unnecessary.

Design

An observational study based on a secondary tissue collection of the tumours from participants in the FACS (Follow-up After Colorectal Cancer Surgery) trial.

Setting and participants

Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumour tissue was obtained from 550 out of 1202 participants in the FACS trial. Tissue microarrays were constructed and stained for cluster of differentiation (CD)3+ and CD45RO+ T lymphocytes as well as standard haematoxylin and eosin staining, with a view to manual and, subsequently, automated cell counting.

Results

The tissue microarrays were satisfactorily stained for the two immune markers. Manual cell counting proved possible on the arrays, but manually counting the number of cores for the entire study was found to not be feasible; therefore, an attempt was made to use automatic cell counting. Although it is clear that this approach is workable, there were both hardware and software problems; therefore, reliable data could not be obtained within the time frame of the study.

Limitations

The main limitations were the inability to use machine counting because of problems with both hardware and software, and the loss of critical scientific staff. Findings from this research indicate that this approach will be able to count intratumoural immune cells in the long term, but whether or not the original aim of the project proved possible is not known.

Conclusions

The project was not successful in its aim because of the failure to achieve a reliable counting system.

Future work

Further work is needed to perfect immune cell machine counting and then complete the objectives of this study that are still relevant.

Trial registration

Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN41458548.

Funding

This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 25, No. 2. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
工业建筑智能化工程特点及施工管理重点研究
Authors: 翟 广军
Published: January 2021

随着现代工业生产技术的迅速发展，生产和产品更新方面的变革频繁发生，施工管理重点也需与时俱进，基于此，文章中分析了工业建筑智能化工程特点，并总结施工管理的重点内容，应加强对结构设计和造型的管理，保证能够按照规范流程落实施工措施，另外还需加强对现场施工材料的管理，为施工管理提供保障。
市政公用工程排水管施工问题与质量控制
Authors: 李 柏松
Published: January 2021

经济的快速发展也在不断推动着我国城市化的进程，在这样的形势下，市政工程建设也广泛的进行着。排水管道是市政公用工程中非常重要的组成部分，而且其施工过程又是非常复杂的。不过因为传统施工模式的影响，在进行排水管施工的时候进场会出现各种问题，影响了工程施工的进度和质量，也会对整体的市政公用工程的建设带来不良的影响，下面我们就对这些问题进行了简单的介绍与分析，然后提出了一些相应的策略希望能够进行改善。
BIM技术在工程建设全过程管理中的应用
Authors: 赵 文江 , 王 帆
Published: January 2021

近年来，我国社会综合国力在多方面利好因素的影响下得到了快速的提升，从而为各个领域的发展壮大带来了良好的机遇，尤其是建筑工程行业的发展十分的迅猛。在实际组织实施建筑工程施工工作的过程中，因为涉及到的工序较多，所以往往会受到多方面因素的影响，为了保证各项施工工作能够按照既定的计划有序的开展，那么最为重要的就是需要积极的全面落实管理工作。科学技术的发展，使得大量的新型科学技术被人们研发出来，并且被人们大范围的运用到了多个领域之中，取得了良好的成绩，其中BIM技术的实践运用为建筑工程管理工作人员带来了新的管理理念，使得管理工作模式灵活性逐渐提升。鉴于此，这篇文章主要针对BIM技术在工程建设全过程中管理中的实践运用展开全面深入的研究分析，希望能够对我国建筑工程行业的未来良好发展起到积极的辅助作用。
混凝土搅拌站的生产及质量控制管理探析
Authors: 董 严松 , 邢 兆雷
Published: January 2021

对于我国的建设工程以及建筑行业的发展来说，混凝土的搅拌站生产工业是非常重要的，对其进行有效的管控和维护是对整个混凝土材料产品质量的有效提升。所以，加强对混凝土搅拌站的生产品质管控以及维护是促进我国建设企业发展的重要条件，也是目前我国建筑行业发展的主要依据。
湿陷性黄土地基湿陷机理及地基处理方法
Authors: 杨 固宁
Published: January 2021

近年来，在多方面因素的影响下，使得我国综合国力得到了显著的提升，从而为各个领域的发展壮大带来了诸多的机遇。我国国土面积广阔，从而也就造成了各个地区土质结构存在明显差别的情况，很多地区都存在湿陷性黄土土质问题。湿陷性黄土结构整体松散性较强，结构稳定性较差，在这类土质地区进行建筑工程的施工工作，往往会为施工工作带来诸多的困难，如果任何一个环节出现失误都可能会引发危险事故。所以我们需要针对湿陷性黄土地基利用专业的方式方法加以处理，这样才能切实的规避结构坍塌的情况。湿陷性黄土其实质就是土质结构密度较大，整体土体机构稳定性较差，在受到液体的侵蚀之后，往往会在短时间内发生结构下沉的情况。以上不仅是湿陷性黄土所具有的特征，并且也是引发建筑路基结构稳定性的主要隐患，如果不能切实高效的加以解决，那么必然会引发地基折裂、形变或者是结构下沉的情况。为了切实的提升湿陷性黄土地基结构的稳定性，还需要我们针对湿陷性黄土结构进行全面的分析研究，综合各方面实际情况，利用有效的方式方法对其中存在的问题加以切实的解决。
土建工程施工管理中施工进度的管理与控制措施
Authors: 李 健
Published: January 2021

在社会快速发展的带动下，使得我国综合国力得到了显著的提升，为各个领域发展壮大创造了良好的基础，在这种发展形势下，我国土建工程行业得到了飞速的发展，这样也为土建工程行业提出了更高的要求。为了能够满足社会发展和民众生活的需要，我们需要综合各方面实际情况制定切实可行的建筑施工管理机制和管理制度，为土建工程行业的稳步健康发展给予良好的辅助。特别是建筑工程施工进度管理制度，能够有效的解决施工过程中可能遇到的各种危险和质量问题，从而推动各项施工工作都能够按照既定的计划按部就班的进行。在实际组织开展各项土建工程施工工作的过程中，施工工作往往会受到外界诸多不良因素的影响，无法切实的对施工质量和施工效率加以保证，所以我们需要切实的做好各个施工环节的协调工作，确保施工工作效果能够达到既定的目标。这篇文章主要针对土建工程施工管理中施工进度的管理和控制展开全面深入的研究分析，希望能够对我国土建工程行业的未来良好发展有所帮助。
PPP模式下市政园林工程造价控制与管理
Authors: 石 磊
Published: January 2021

随着我国经济社会的快速发展和变革，园林建筑行业的发展越来越活跃，其行业内的分工日益细化，建筑内容逐渐向多样化、创新性、复杂性方向发展，建筑工程的范围不断扩张。在这其中有一个问题需要项目经理予以高度的关注，怎样才能更好地管理和控制园林景观工程项目的建造成本，并使园林景观工程项目的投资的收益最大化。成本价格控制是在传统成本造价管理模式下进行的一种成本管理，与传统模式相比，PPP模式将会有很大的不同，以往存在的项目单位、施工单位、监管机构、价格咨询部门、审计机构和造价管理机构对项目不同阶段的成本价格进行控制存在着比较大的不同。所以说应采取积极有效的方法和措施，合理控制和管理城市园林工程项目的建设成本。
BIM技术在建筑工程施工管理中的应用探索
Authors: 李 星熠
Published: January 2021

在社会快速发展的影响下，使得我国综合国力得以全面的提升，有效的推动了建筑工程行业的快速发展。就现如今实际情况来看，我国BIM技术还处在发展阶段，BIM技术与以往老旧的二维技术相对比来说具有良好的优越性，其未来发展还存在良好的发展潜能，所以还需要我们加以切实的优化完善，这样才能有效的解决其中所存在的问题。将BIM技术加以实践运用，将其与传统建设项目管理模式相融合，才能将技术所具有的作用充分的发挥出来，有效的促进各项工作整体效率的不断提升。鉴于此，这篇文章主要针对BIM技术在建筑工程是管理工作中的运用展开全面深入的研究分析，希望能够对我国建筑工程行业的稳步发展有所助益。
基于智能检测提高电子元器件质量
Authors: 张 福良
Published: January 2021

随着我国电子企业的快速发展，电子元器件的质量已经得到了良好的提升，但是还有着较大的进步空间，这已经对我国的电子企业发展造成了一定程度上的影响，应该对智能检测技术进行更加良好的应用。文中将对电子元器件与智能检测进行简要的概述，并且对基于智能检测提高电子元器件质量的策略进行深入的研究与分析，以此来对电子元器件的质量进行增长。
解析多级AO-MBR工艺在生活污水脱氮除磷中的应用
Authors: 陈 月利 , 杨 林
Published: January 2021

传统工艺在处理氮磷含量较高的生活污水时效果往往不理想；因此，研究人员在解决生活污水处理超标排放的问题时，结合氮磷在生活污水中主要以氨氮、硝态氮、有机氮等形式存在的特点，研发出多级AO-MBR工艺。文中将对生活污水处理工艺现状进行分析，阐述脱氮除磷的基本原理，探究多级AO-MBR工艺在生活污水脱氮除磷中的应用。
情境教学在初中道德与法治教学中的实践研究
Authors: 贺 剑平
Published: January 2021

我们发现，传统的初中教育往往只关注学生的学业成绩，而忽视了学生的综合素质和综合能力的教育，特别是在道德与法治这门课程的教学中，学校的这门课程的教师大多不是专业的教师，这常常导致学生在课堂学习方面的各种问题。学生们往往不积极的参与到课堂的学习当中，也不关心老师讲课的内容。怎样才能使学生对这门课产生兴趣，已经成为教师需要深入思考的一个重要问题。在进行情景教学的时候会出现一些问题，文中就具体的实践中的问题提出一定的建议和对策，这可能会促进初中的道德法治教育的发展。
德育在职业高中数学课堂的新模式构建
Authors: 杜 素环
Published: January 2021

因数学学科的特殊性，职业高中数学课堂构建德育教学模式一直是各教师面临的难题，注重学生思想道德教育也逐渐成为各学科主要的教学任务之一。基于此，文章对传统德育模式在职业高中数学课堂中存在的问题进行分析，并提出明确数学课堂德育目标、加强数学课堂德育内容渗透连续性、营造德育教学环境等方法，希望能为有效构建职业高中数学课堂德育教学新模式提供参考。
Orduda Sosyal Hizmet: Terör Gazilerinin Depresyon ve Yaşam Doyumunun Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Başcıllar Mehmet , Karataş Kasım
Published: January 2021

Bu çalışma terör gazilerinin sosyo-demografik özelliklerini ve depresyon ile yaşam doyumu düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmada nicel araştırma tasarımından yararlanılmış olup, araştırmanın örneklemini terörle mücadelede aktif olarak rol alarak eve dönüş yapmış 225 terör gazisi oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanmış olan yarı-yapılandırılmış sosyo-demografik formdan, Diener ve arkadaşları (1985) tarafından geliştirilmiş yaşam doyumu ölçeğinden ve Beck ve arkadaşları (1961) tarafından hazırlanmış Beck depresyon ölçeğinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları incelendiğinde katılımcıların terörle mücadelede aktif olarak görev aldıkları süre ortalaması 5,27 yıl olarak bulunmuş olup katılımcıların %61.3’ü arkadaşının şehit oluşuna; %82.2’si arkadaşının yaralanmasına tanıklık ettiği bulunmuştur. Terör gazilerinin %91.1’i rüyasında silahlı çatışmada yer aldığını gördüğünü, %66.7’si ruh sağlığının terörle mücadeleden olumsuz yönde etkilendiğini belirtmiştir. Katılımcıların depresyon ile yaşam doyumu düzeyleri arasında negatif yönlü anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Araştırma bulgularının etkili orduda sosyal hizmet uygulamalarına önemli katkılar sağlayacağı değerlendirilmektedir.
Políticas Públicas para a Saúde do Idoso no Brasil: Revisão Integrativa
Authors: Souza Vitória Meireles Felipe de , Camacho Alessandra Conceição Leite Funchal , Menezes Harlon França de , Silva Marcos Aurélio Pinto da , Thimóteo Rubens da Silva , Silva Rafael Pires
Published: January 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a partir das publicações contidas nas principais bases de dados no período de 2010 a 2020, a configuração que a política de saúde tem implementado ações e programas dirigidos a população idosa no Brasil. Revisão integrativa da literatura, com coleta de dados em março de 2020, nas bases de dados: Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Base de Dados de Enfermagem, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina dos Estados Unidos, Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Scopus e Minerva da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Utilizou-se categorização temática para análise e interpretação dos dados. Foram selecionados 26 artigos, cujas análises permitiram construção de três categorias temáticas: Implementação da política de saúde da pessoa idosa; Avaliação das políticas de saúde pelos idosos e profissionais de saúde e; Avaliação de programas e serviços dirigidos a população idosa. Portanto, ressalta-se dificuldade na aplicação das medidas preconizadas nas políticas públicas para saúde do idosos, devido à deficiência de conhecimento pelos profissionais de saúde.
Avaliação da Gestão da Qualidade e suas ferramentas: aplicabilidade em indústria de alimentos de origem animal
Authors: Artilha-Mesquita Carla Adriana Ferrari , Stafussa Ana Paula , Paraiso Carolina Moser , Rodrigues Letícia Misturini , Silva Luciana Alves da , Santos Suelen Siqueira dos , Marins Annecher Rech , Madrona Grasiele Scaramal
Published: January 2021

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo avaliar a gestão da qualidade e suas ferramentas de forma a compreender sua aplicabilidade em indústrias alimentícias de origem animal. A metodologia utilizada para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho foi fundamentada na abordagem qualitativa com levantamento bibliográfico em bases de dados do Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Scielo, Pubmed e Google Scholar por meio de concordância entre termos. Dentre as ferramentas disponíveis para as indústrias alimentícias de origem animal, os programas de autocontrole estabelecidos pela Circular n. 175, de 16 de maio de 2005 e a Norma Interna n. 01, de 08 de março de 2017, ambas do Ministério da Agricultura Pecuária e Abastecimento (MAPA), são procedimentos que atendem as condições de inocuidade e segurança alimentar exigidas pelas legislações, pois se baseiam em sistemáticas inspeções contínuas de todos os fatores que podem interferir de alguma forma na qualidade dos produtos expostos ao consumo da população. Dessa forma, a aplicação e compreensão da gestão da qualidade e de ferramentas como os programas de autocontrole alinham-se com os resultados apresentados, visto que os programas de autocontrole asseguram a condição de segurança alimentar por meio de sua implantação que é definida e controlada pelo sistema de gestão da qualidade, que garante que os elementos inspecionados serão identificados e controlados no processo, com isso, soma-se sua utilização refletida beneficamente, já que converge com as legislações preconizadas, traz validação, segurança e qualidade do produto, e consequentemente, atinge credibilidade ao competir com mercados externos e respaldo com o consumidor final.
Composição florística e potencial de uso das espécies em uma área do bioma Cerrado em Bandeirantes – MS
Authors: Pina José Carlos , Oliveira Ademir Kleber Morbeck de , Bocchese Ricardo Anghinoni
Published: January 2021

Para se conhecer com maior precisão o estoque madeireiro e a estrutura de florestas nativas, é de suma importância a identificação das espécies existentes e suas características. Desta maneira, este trabalho objetivou realizar um levantamento florestal, por amostragem aleatória simples, da composição florística em uma área do bioma Cerrado no município de Bandeirantes, Mato Grosso do Sul. A metodologia consistiu na delimitação de cinco parcelas de 10 x 100 m, subdivididas em 25 áreas de 10 x 20 m, sendo estimadas a altura total e comercial e medido o diâmetro à altura do peito (≥ 10 cm) das árvores, obtendo-se o volume de madeira, sendo o fuste classificado quanto à qualidade (estaca, lenha ou serraria). O levantamento resultou em 395 indivíduos pertencentes a 21 famílias e 49 espécies. Para cada espécie foi calculado o índice do valor de importância (IVI), indicando Vochysia tucanorum (Vochysiaceae) como a espécie de maior IVI. Fabaceae foi a família mais representativa, com 12 espécies, seguida por Annonaceae, Bignoniaceae e Vochysiaceae, com três espécies cada. O volume total de madeira para a área foi de 3350,64 m3, sendo que 59,85% dos indivíduos mensurados podem ser destinados à serraria, demonstrando o potencial de uso e justificando um dos motivos da antropização deste bioma.
A formação de egressos de Enfermagem e seus estranhamentos no mundo do trabalho em saúde
Authors: Shoji Shino , Avena Djynnana de Azevedo , Carvalho Eloá Carneiro , Soares Samira Silva Santos , Varella Thereza Christina Mó y Mó Loureiro , Farias Sheila Nascimento Pereira de , Andrade Karla Biancha Silva de , Pereira Sandra Regina Maciqueira , Souza Norma Valéria Dantas de Oliveira
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Analisar o impacto das ações acadêmico-pedagógicas na formação dos estudantes de enfermagem para atuação no mundo do trabalho. Método: Tratou-se de estudo qualitativo, desenvolvido em duas universidades federais no Rio de Janeiro. Participaram 43 egressos, aos quais se aplicou um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada, entre junho e setembro de 2016. Para o tratamento dos dados, optou-se pelo emprego da análise lexical/textual, por meio da utilização do software IRAMUTEQ (Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires), permitindo dois tipos de interpretação de resultados: frequência e rede de palavras. Resultados: Captaram-se duas temáticas principais: Vivências práticas e o protagonismo do curso de residência; e Fragilidades da formação. Conclusão: Verificou-se que a relação estabelecida entre a teoria e a prática precisa ser fortalecida, devendo acontecer de maneira articulada, através de sucessivas aproximações com a realidade laboral, indo num crescente de vivências que permitam aprofundar as experiências do que é ser enfermeiro.
Cuidados paliativos: definição e estratégias utilizadas na prática médica
Authors: Silva Alexandre Ernesto , Guimarães Maria Angélica Martins , Carvalho Rafael Cotta , Carvalho Thayane Vieira , Ribeiro Stefãne Amorim , Martins Matheus Rodrigues
Published: January 2021

O termo cuidado abrange práticas e significados diversos, variando de acordo com a cultura a qual se insere. O cuidado paliativo apresenta-se como uma esfera do cuidado, que surgiu com o objetivo de suprir a uma demanda crescente de pacientes fora das possibilidades de cura terapêutica e que vinham sendo marginalizados e mal assistidos pelo modelo tecnicista da Medicina, com foco na doença em detrimento do doente. O objetivo desse artigo é definir o cuidado paliativo na perspectiva de médicos que atuam em uma unidade oncológica de um hospital de grande porte e as estratégias utilizadas para operacionalizar esta modalidade de assistência à saúde. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, de caráter descritivo, realizado com 14 médicos atuantes numa unidade de oncologia de um hospital da região Centro-Oeste de Minas Gerais, seguindo critérios de inclusão e exclusão e, posteriormente, dividido em três categorias de análise: definição dos cuidados paliativos; a fragilidade da formação médica em cuidados paliativos; multidisciplinaridade e a operacionalização do cuidado. Este estudo aponta que o conhecimento em cuidado paliativo ainda é fragilizado e superficial, demonstrando defazagem no ensino médico quando tomamos como referência esse tema. Assim, estratégias de capacitação profissional são necessárias para que esta modalidade de cuidado preste assistência ao indivíduo seguindo o princípio da integralidade. Para que seja eficaz, a operacionalização desse cuidado biopsicossocial e espiritual demanda diálogo por meio do trabalho interdisciplinar, constituindo como ferramenta promissora o Plano Terapêutico Singular (PTS).
Percepção dos profissionais de saúde de um hospital público em relação à ortotanásia em pacientes idosos
Authors: Vasconcelos Thayse Sousa de , Lima Neta Ana Gonçalves , Brandão Tatiane Carvalho , Gomes Kedma Anne Lima , Leite Jéssica
Published: January 2021

Objetivos: Investigar a percepção dos profissionais que atuam em um hospital público, com relação à ortotanásia e cuidados paliativos em idosos, considerando também o perfil dos profissionais de saúde que atuam no local, se o tipo de formação profissional repercute sobre as escolhas da equipe frente à terminalidade da vida e a necessidade de atualização dos profissionais sobre a ortotanásia. Métodos: Tratou-se de uma pesquisa transversal, com abordagem quali-quantitativa, em um hospital público de Campina Grande-PB, com aplicação de entrevista a uma equipe multiprofissional. Resultados: Percebeu-se que a ortotanásia é conhecida pelos profissionais, embora poucos sintam-se aptos a realizá-la. Notou-se pouco conhecimento destes para instituir cuidados paliativos, fenômeno que não mostrou associação significativa com o tipo de formação (Qui-quadrado=0.98, p=0.32) ou o tipo de instituição em que concluiu a formação (Qui-quadrado=1.63, p=0.20), mas apresentou relação moderada (V de Cramer=0.48, p=0.002) e significativa (Qui-quadrado=9.40, p=0.002) com o fato de o profissional possuir ou não alguma especialização. Sobre as dificuldades enfrentadas nos cuidados com os pacientes terminais, lidar com a família destes foi considerada a principal. Quanto às ferramentas necessárias para viabilizar a ortotanásia em idosos, melhorar o conhecimento e a abordagem sobre o tema teve maior prevalência. Conclusão: Concluiu-se que há necessidade da ampliação da temática na formação dos profissionais, a fim de possibilitar uma assistência verdadeiramente humanizada ao idoso.
Jerome Bruner nos processos de aprender e ensinar Ciências
Authors: Borba Fabiane Inês Menezes de Oliveira , Goi Mara Elisângela Jappe
Published: January 2021

Neste trabalho enfatiza-se a teoria de Jerome Bruner por ele entender que a Resolução de Problemas é o  ponto central para a construção do conhecimento humano. Este autor traz orientações sobre o desenvolvimento da criança, pautada na participação ativa do estudante para o desenvolvimento do seu processo de aprendizagem. Assim, propõe-se a apresentar e discutir aspectos da teoria de ensino  fundamentados nas orientações do autor que aprofunda a participação ativa da criança no desenvolvimento do seu processo de aprendizagem, na aprendizagem através da descoberta, na exploração de novas alternativas de ensino e no currículo em espiral, levando em conta as fases do desenvolvimento da criança. Nesta concepção, os pressupostos teóricos do autor podem permitir  uma formação de professores que valorize o desenvolvimento cognitivo dos indivíduos.