bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MODELING OF ASYMPTOTICALLY OPTIMAL PIECEWISE LINEAR INTERPOLATION OF PLANE PARAMETRIC CURVES
Authors: Frolov О. V. , Losev M. U.
Published: October 2021

Context. Piecewise linear approximation of curves has a large number of applications in computer algorithms, as the reconstruction of objects of complex shapes on monitors, CNC machines and 3D printers. In many cases, it is required to have the smallest number of segments for a given accuracy.

Objective. The objective of this paper is to improve the method of asymptotically optimal piecewise linear interpolation of plane parametric curves. This improvement is based to research influence of the method parameters and algorithms to distributions of approximation errors.

Method. An asymptotically optimal method of curves interpolation is satisfied to the condition of minimum number of approximation units. Algorithms for obtaining the values of the sequence of approximation nodes are suggested. This algorithm is based on numerical integration of the nodes regulator function with linear and spline interpolation of its values. The method of estimating the results of the curve approximation based on statistical processing of line segments sequence of relative errors is substantiated. Modeling of real curves approximation is carried out and influence of the sampling degree of integral function – the nodes regulator on distribution parameters of errors is studied. The influence is depending on a method of integral function interpolation.

Results. Research allows to define necessary the number of discretization nodes of the integral function in practical applications. There have been established that with enough sampling points the variance of the error’s distribution stabilizes and further increasing this number does not significantly increase the accuracy of the curve approximation. In the case of spline interpolation of the integral function, the values of the distribution parameters stabilized much faster, which allows to reduce the number of initial sampling nodes by 5–6 times having similar accuracy.

Conclusions. Modelling of convex planar parametric curves reconstruction by an asymptotically optimal linear interpolation algorithm showed acceptable results without exceeding the maximum errors limit in cases of a sufficient discretization of the integral function. The prospect of further research is to reduce the computational complexity when calculating the values of the integral distribution function by numerical methods, and to use discrete analogues of derivatives in the expression of this function.
THE METHOD OF STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT OF NEURAL NETWORK MODELS TO ENSURE INTERPRETATION
Authors: Leoshchenko S. D. , Oliinyk A. O. , Subbotin S. A. , Gofman Ye. O. , Korniienko O. V.
Published: October 2021

Context. The problem of structural modification of pre-synthesized models based on artificial neural networks to ensure the property of interpretation when working with big data is considered. The object of the study is the process of structural modification of artificial neural networks using adaptive mechanisms.

Objective of the work is to develop a method for structural modification of neural networks to increase their speed and reduce resource consumption when processing big data.

Method. A method of structural adjustment of neural networks based on adaptive mechanisms borrowed from neuroevolutionary synthesis methods is proposed. At the beginning, the method uses a system of indicators to evaluate the existing structure of an artificial neural network. The assessment is based on the structural features of neuromodels. Then the obtained indicator estimates are compared with the criteria values for choosing the type of structural changes. Variants of mutational changes from the group of methods of neuroevolutionary modification of the topology and weights of the neural network are used as variants of structural change. The method allows to reduce the resource intensity during the operation of neuromodels, by accelerating the processing of big data, which expands the field of practical application of artificial neural networks.

Results. The developed method is implemented and investigated by the example of using a recurrent artificial network of the long short-term memory type when solving the classification problem. The use of the developed method allowed speed up of the neuromodel with a test sample by 25.05%, depending on the computing resources used.

Conclusions. The conducted experiments confirmed the operability of the proposed mathematical software and allow us to recommend it for use in practice in the structural adjustment of pre-synthesized neuromodels for further solving problems of diagnosis, forecasting, evaluation and pattern recognition using big data. The prospects for further research may consist in a more fine-tuning of the indicator system to determine the connections encoding noisy data in order to further improve the accuracy of models based on neural networks.
Vladyslav Volodymyrovych Povorozniuk
Authors: "ORTHOPAEDICS, TRAUMATOLOGY AND PROSTHETICS" Staff of
Published: October 2021

On June 12, 2021, Vladyslav Volodymyrovych Povoroznyuk, the scientific director of the Department of Clinical Physiology and Pathology of the Musculoskeletal System of the State Institution “Institute of Gerontology named after DF Chebotaryov NAMS of Ukraine ", President of the Ukrainian Association of Osteoporosis and the Ukrainian Association of Menopause, Andropause and Musculoskeletal Diseases, President of the Ukrainian Division of EVIDAS, Member of the Board of the International Osteoporosis Association (IOF), Deputy Chairman of the Gerontologist Of Ukraine, Vice President of the Ukrainian Association of Rheumatologists, Member of the Board of the Ukrainian Association of Orthopedists-Traumatologists, Member of the Public Council of the Ukrainian Federation of Public Organizations for Civil Society Health Promotion, Honorary Member of the Association of Implantologists of Ukraine, Member of International Associations ACR, ASB EFORT, EMAS, EULAR, ISCD, ISSAM, OARSI, SICOT, director of the Ukrainian Scientific and Medical Center for Osteoporosis.
Relationship between structural changes in paravertebral muscles and the development of spine degenerative diseases
Authors: Radchenko Volodymyr , Ashukina Nataliya , Maltseva Valentyna , Skidanov Mykyta , Skidanov Artem
Published: October 2021

Based on the systematic approach to the diagnosis of spinal patho­logy, there are no fundamental differences in the etiology of spine degenerative disease, facet joints arthritis, and other diseases. These diseases are considered multifactorial: age (aging), systemic regulatory factors (hormones, peptides, cytokines), genetic predisposition, inadequate physical activity, unfavorable environmental factors, and others lead to pathological changes in the structure of the spinal motor segment components. Recently, much attention has been paid to the paravertebral muscles changes, in which over time, as a result of injuries or degenerative processes, inevitably lead to dysfunction, which can lead to the occurrence of chronic lumbar pain. Objective. To assess the relationship between structural changes in paravertebral muscles and the development of degenerative diseases of the spine on the basis of scientific literature review. It was found that degenerative changes in paravertebral muscles, as components of spinal motor segments, develop with aging. In particular, muscle fibers are replaced by fat tissue, which is more pronounced in women compared to men. A direct correlation between chronic lumbar pain and paravertebral muscle atrophy has been reported. Systemic factors, in particular low levels of vitamin D, also can cause the development of degenerative changes in paravertebral muscles, especially in women. Obesity provokes systemic inflammation, increases fatty infiltration of skeletal muscles and increases sensitivity to pain. Reduced levels of physical activity lead to weakness and atrophy of the paravertebral muscles, which can cause degeneration of the intervertebral disc. At the same time, exercise prior to spinal surgery for degenerative disea­ses improves functional outcomes and reduces pain. Conversely, damage to the paravertebral muscles increase the load on the adjacent to spinal fusion segments. In general, the role of paravertebral muscles in the development of degenerative spinal diseases has not been definitively studied.
Evaluating the alignment between the Grade 9 mathematics Annual National Assessment and the TIMSS test items
Authors: Dhlamini Zwelithini Bongani
Published: October 2021

In the study reported on here I evaluated the alignment between the Annual National Assessment (ANA) and Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS). Theoretical perspectives were drawn from the Survey Enacted Curriculum (SEC), while quantitative correlational methods were used to determine the alignment between ANA and TIMSS using 2 variables in the assessments, topics and cognitive levels. The research design was the correlational prediction design. The evaluation revealed that the Porter’s alignment index between ANA and TIMSS was 0.657 in 2012, 0.728 in 2013 and 0.681 in 2014. Statistically, this was significantly low at the Alpha level of 0.05, in accordance with Fulmer’s critical values at 20, 60 and 120 standard points. The low statistical significance of the alignment indices justifies discrepancies in topics and cognitive levels for ANA and TIMSS, justifying misalignment in what was tested in the two assessments. It is recommended that alignment studies be sanctioned frequently by the ANA developers as one of many measures to gauge the performance of the curriculum both in a national and international context.
Principal leadership practices and school effectiveness in Niger State, Nigeria
Authors: Umar Ombuguhim Salman , Kenayathulla Husaina Banu , Hoque Kazi Enamul
Published: October 2021

In the study reported on here, we investigated the effectiveness of principal leadership practices in secondary schools in Niger State, Nigeria. Surveys were conducted with 154 principals, 269 heads of the department and 25 members of staff from the Secondary Education Board in Niger State. The findings indicate that the extent of principal leadership practices and school effectiveness attributes in secondary schools in Niger State is high. The result of multiple regressions shows that about 14% (R2 =0.14) of the variation in school effectiveness accounted for leadership practices. We recommend that the Federal and State Ministries of Education in Nigeria focus on issues other than leadership practices, such as training programmes for secondary school teachers to enhance school effectiveness. There is also a compelling need for secondary school principals to identify and promote the professional development needs of teachers and to ensure that teachers are effectively trained to enhance the development of secondary schools into centre of excellence.
Extent of adoption of ANGRAU technologies of Paddy crop in Kadapa district of Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Priya N. Krishna , Padmodaya B.
Published: October 2021

The study was conducted to analyse the extent of adoption of ANGRAU technologies of paddy crop in Kadapa district of Andhra Pradesh. Mainly six mandals were selected based on the paddy growing areas. From six mandals 12 villages were selected and from each village 5 farmers were selected randomly. Total sample size for the study was 60 farmers. The results revealed that the varieties adopted by most of the paddy growing farmers (41.67%) adopted NDLR-7 and majority (83.33%) of the farmers discontinued variety BPT-5204. The recommendations with regard to crop production technologies applying well decomposed FYM/Compost @200kg/5cents nursery there is 100 per cent adoption by the farmers. With respect to weed management aspects application of pretilachlor @500ml/ acre or oxadiargyl @35-40g/acre within 3 to 5 days of transplanting recorded 81.67 per cent adoption by the farmers. In case of plant protection measures for BPH pest, spray acephate @1.g or monocrotophos @2.2ml or ethofenprox@2ml or thiamethoxam@0.25g or buprofezin 1.6ml or pymetrozine 0.6g or imidacloprid+ethiprole 0.2g or dinotefuron 0.4g/l there is 80 per cent adoption by the farmers.
Evaluation and impact assessment of training programmes
Authors: Kaur Manjot , Kaur Sukhdeep , Kaur Kanwaljit
Published: October 2021

Training is a planned communication process to bring desirable change in the attitude, skill and knowledge of an individual or group. Extensive resources are being utilised for providing training to the individuals in various fields to improve their on-job performance and to make them selfreliant. So, it is essential to monitor and evaluate the success rate of training programme time to time. Monitoring, evaluation and impact assessment are management tools to help track progress and demonstrate the impact of training on its trainees. The main objective of this study was to understand the concept of evaluation and impact assessment. This paper is descriptive in nature. It is concluded that most of training programmes fail to reach their set goals due to lack of proper evaluation, monitoring and impact assessment. But results obtained through evaluation and impact assessment can be used to redesign the programme or training on the basis of the limitations of the programme revealed through these techniques to reach the ultimate goal of the programme.
Evaluation of the mechanical behavior of soils subject to laboratory fusion processes
Authors: López Valiente Lesly Nathalie
Published: October 2021

Este artículo presenta los resultados de la investigación "Transformación de suelos a veces procesos de fusión en el laboratorio" con respecto al cambio de las propiedades físicas y mecánicas de los suelos finos, especialmente los suelos arcillosos afectados a procesos de calentamiento a diferentes temperaturas, buscando así ampliar el conocimiento de esto. proceso como una alternativa de estabilización.
New in the etiology, pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis. The two different types of cholesterol plaques have nothing to do with each other
Authors: Rusanov Sergey
Published: October 2021

The article is presented in the form of a review and analysis of the literature, which additionally helps to reveal the mechanisms of the pathogenesis of the development of atherosclerosis. This article provides a completely new understanding of the stages and sequence of atherosclerosis development. The modern vision is refuted, which states that all types of lesions in atherosclerosis are developed successively, one after another. The article sheds a light on a significant difference between type IV atherosclerotic lesions and between types V and VI atherosclerotic lesions. Type IV atherosclerotic lesions consists of one lipid core with molten extracellular lipid. Stretches the middle and outer layers of an artery from one side and protrudes beyond the anatomical artery dimensions over the years. In contrast, type V atherosclerotic lesions type is a long, concentric, soft, strong, elastic, yellow, uniform structure, in the form of a tube with a hole in the middle, located in the lumen, which is easily removed from the artery. This types V and VI atherosclerotic lesions - the author suggests calling “cylindrical cholesterol plaque”. Type V atherosclerotic lesions (cylindrical cholesterol plaque) has nothing to do with types I-V atherosclerotic lesions. There are many “coincidences” that make it impossible to see the difference between them. Type V atherosclerotic lesions (cylindrical cholesterol plaque) is an independent pathological structure that appears in a short period of time (few minutes) in the lumen of a healthy artery in case of artery spasm and appearance of a strong obstruction to blood flow. Low density lipoproteins are retained within the wall, in front of the site of arterial narrowing, and quickly create a CCP in the form of a hollow cylinder. All subsequent forms of types V and VI atherosclerotic lesions - concentric and eccentric, are the result of the destruction of the original concentric structure of the type V atherosclerotic lesions (cylindrical cholesterol plaque).
Donor Acceptance Criteria for TMC Florida/Zurich HuBMAP Inclusion v2
Authors: Jorgensen Marda , Wasserfall Clive
Published: October 2021

This document outlines the required criteria for inclusion for donors of thymus, lymph nodes and spleen in the HuBMAP project.
AK Parti ve Kadınların Siyasal Temsili
Authors: YÜKSEL Mezher
Published: October 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı AK Parti’nin kadınların siyasal temsili konusundaki yaklaşımını ve Türkiye’de kadınların parlamentoda temsilindeki rolünü tartışmaktır. Çalışmanın temel varsayımı AK Parti’nin toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri ve cinsiyet eşitliği konusunda muhafazakâr bir anlayışa sahip olmasına ve kota benzeri pozitif ayırımcılık stratejilerine eleştirel yaklaşmasına karşın kadınların siyasal katılımı ve temsili bakımından görece liberal bir yaklaşım benimsediğidir. Dahası 2002 sonrası dönemde parlamentonun cinsiyet kompozisyonunun kadınlar lehine değişmesinde ve taşranın temsilinde kadınların artan görünürlüğünde AK Parti’nin önemli bir katkısı vardır. Bu çerçevede ilk olarak AK Parti’nin siyasi kimliği ve siyasal yelpazedeki yeri konusunda bir değerlendirme yapılmaktadır. Daha sonra genel olarak kadın politikası daha özelde ise kadınların siyasete aktif katılımı ve siyasal temsili konusundaki yaklaşımı ele alınmaktadır. Ayrıca AK Parti ile önceki dönemler ve diğer siyasi partiler arasında yapılacak bir karşılaştırma ile aralarındaki benzerlik ve farklılıklar ortaya konulmaktadır. Son olarak bu çalışma Türkiye’de kadınların siyasal temsilinde siyasi partilerin rolüne ilişkin tartışmalara katkıda bulunmayı da hedeflemektedir.
toekoms van die Afrikaanse gereformeerde kerke in Suid-Afrika
Authors: Tolmay Barry
Published: October 2021

The future of the Afrikaans reformed churches in South Africa: possible, probable and desirable optionsIn 1994, South Africa experienced a radical paradigm shift which in some ways led Afrikaans reformed churches into a state of semi-paralysis. Over the past twenty-six years the church has had to deal with the resultant fallout. The fact that many setbacks had been overcome successfully, is an encouraging indication that the church has the potential of a brighter future. Bosch stated that as long as one lives and thinks within the patterns of a given paradigm, then that paradigm provides one with a plausible structure according to which all reality is interpreted. The quintessential question would be: what is the preferred future vision for the Afrikaans reformed churches? How is the journey to 2030 and 2040 mapped out? These answers will partly determine the outcome. When one evaluates the current situation, both positive and negative aspects have to be considered. The key question is, how can the positives be optimised, and the negatives minimised? With vision and scenario planning and the detailed consideration of possible, probable and preferable outcomes, an exciting future becomes possible. The challenges of membership, finances, consumerism and also Covid-19 can also be overcome. More informal church practises for those on the fringes are opening new opportunities globally – as expressed by for instance the Fresh Expression Movement. A new and vigorous focus on relationships, care, community involvement and friendship missions may result in fulfilling the vision of the Afrikaans reformed churches. With compassion in action, Afrikaans reformed churches can in some ways blossom over the next two decades.
Missionale ekklesiologie in die Afrikaanse gereformeerde kerke sedert 1990
Authors: Dreyer Wim
Published: October 2021

Missional ecclesiology in the Afrikaans reformed churches since 1990This article argues that “missional ecclesiology” in the last decades became a new mission paradigm for churches in South Africa, especially after the demise of apartheid. After an overview of the development of a “missio Dei” theology, the article examines texts from various South African churches in which this terminology is used. The article concludes with a section which underlines the importance of missional ecclesiology in the context of the local congregation. Congregations are seen as “missional”, challenged to be present in local communities as a living witness to God’s love. Missional ecclesiology has its theological foundation in the “missio Dei”. In missional ecclesiology, mission is understood as part of the nature of God as well as the nature of the church. Without mission there is no church. Mission is not a project, it is existential. However, there are diverse interpretations of “missio Dei”, “missional ecclesiology” and “mission” itself. As a result, many congregations find it difficult to identify with missional ecclesiology and enter a process of transformation. The historical analysis presented here contributes to a better understanding of the terminology as well as the challenges facing churches in the 21st century.
Unembodiment on the Internet. Part 1: Theoretical Basis and Construct
Authors: Kopteva N.N. , Kalugin A.Y. , Dorfman L.Y.
Published: October 2021

Disembodiment of digital media users, known as the loss of their physical bodies in cyberspace is among the least-studied psychological consequences of the use of information technologies. In the digital era such kind of disembodiment might limit the development of a person’s individuality. That’s why in present study we aim to create its theoretical construct. The construct is based on the clinical conception of unembodiment of schizoids by the British psychiatrist R. Laing. There is an evidence to suggest that constant split between self and body, that digital media users demonstrate, creates conditions for disembodiment similar to the one of schizoids. This existential position is associated with feelings of loss of reality, self-substantiality and elusiveness of being. In the same way that the disembodiment of schizoids and inherent to it sense of self and view of the world are determined by their ‘shutupness’ in the inner world, the disembodiment of media users is determined by the extent to which their life is limited to the artificial computer environment. The theoretical construct was measured according to this hypothesis. Three measurements, which unites factors that stand against the disembodiment are presented in the article: Disembodiment as Virtualization, Preference of the Internet and their alternative Vitality of the Embodied Self.
Inclusive Professional Competences: Assessment Paradigm of Pedagogical Community
Authors: Kantor V.Z. , Proekt Y.L. , Nikulina G.V. , Antropov A.P. , Kondrakova I.E. , Zalautdinova S.E. , Litovchenko O.V.
Published: October 2021

The paper is devoted to the issue of assessing the range of inclusive teacher competencies by the pedagogical community and their comparative significance for achieving the required learning results by students with disabilities. The paper presents the results of an empirical study aimed at identifying the general and specific in assessing the importance of inclusive competencies of a teacher by various subjects of staffing the inclusive educational process at school. The study involved 983 pedagogical workers employed in mass and correctional schools, as well as in pedagogical universities. They were asked to assess the significance of a set of indicators of the competence of an inclusive teacher, obtained on the basis of an analysis of the texts of 59 approximate basic educational programs for the training of future specialists in the field of inclusion. The results of the study demonstrated that a holistic assessment paradigm has not been formed in the pedagogical community in relation to the inclusive competencies of a teacher, which is expressed in the divergence of the corresponding assessment positions of university teachers who train teachers, teachers of mass and special schools. This confirms the need for further development of the model of inclusive competence of a teacher, its empirical verification and subsequent implementation in educational programs of continuous teacher education in accordance with the rapidly changing conditions of professional activity of teachers in an inclusive school.
Emotion Dysregulation and Body Dissatisfaction in Female Population
Authors: Kiriukhina N.A. , Polskaya N.A.
Published: October 2021

The study investigated the relations between body dissatisfaction and emotional dysregulation. This is the first research focusing on the mediating effect of emotional dysregulation on the relationship between negative affect and body dissatisfaction in a Russian female population. It is particularly relevant given that both emotional dysregulation and body dissatisfaction may lead to the emergence of psychopathological symptoms (e.g., depression, self-injurious behavior, and eating disorders). 778 girls and women aged 14–40 years (M=19,8; SE=3,31) participated in the study. The following measures were used: Body Image Questionnaire (Skugarevsky, 2006), Emotional Dysregulation Questionnaire (Polskaya, Razvaliaeva, 2017), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Gross, John, 2003; Russian version by Pankratova, Kornienko, 2017) and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (Watson et al., 1988; Russian version by Osin, 2012). High level of body dissatisfaction was significantly associated with high scores of rumination, avoidance and difficulties in mentalizing from the Emotional Dysregulation Questionnaire, high level of negative affect and low level of positive affect. Respondents with high body dissatisfaction also preferred expressive suppression to cognitive reappraisal for emotion regulation. Regression analysis showed that negative affect (b=0,20; p<0,001) and emotion dysregulation scales — rumination (b=0,66; p<0,001), avoidance (b=0,69; p<0,001) and difficulties in mentalizing (b=0,33; p<0,001) — significantly predicted body dissatisfaction (F(4, 773)=130,8, p<0,001; R2=0,405; R2adj=0,402). Emotion dysregulation scales mediated the effect of negative affect on body dissatisfaction.
Altered states of consciousness in sports psychology: hypnosis, suggestion and auto-suggestion
Authors: Kvitchasty A.V.
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of studying and applying the phenomena of suggestion, auto-suggestion and altered states of consciousness in modern sports psychology. A brief excursion into the history of the use of altered states of consciousness in elite sports is given. The advantages, disadvantages, limitations and specificity of different methods using suggestion and auto-suggestion in the framework of psychological support for athletes of various sports are discussed. The article also raises questions about the methods of assessing the effectiveness of psychological and pedagogical interventions with athletes using hypnosis and self-hypnosis, as well as verification of suggestive influences at the psychophysiological level. Finally, the article discusses the ethical aspects of using altered states of consciousness in the framework of psychological support for athletes and the prospects for popularizing sports hypnosis.
To the issue of classifications of modern legal systems
Authors: Gubaidullin A. R.
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to classifications of modern legal systems. The relevance of this topic is associated with changes in the legal map of the world. There are also new needs in legal science and legal practice. The author examines various types of modern legal systems. He describes the characteristic features of the typology of legal reality, which acts as a kind of loose classification. A mixed type of legal systems occupies a special place among other types. The importance of typology in legal science and legal education is emphasized. The author describes parameters of classifications of legal systems. He also analyzes individual classifications, describes view of different scholars. During the study, prospects for development of classifications of legal systems were identified. A relationship between comparative jurisprudence and other humanities needs to be considered. The author uses national and foreign legal experience.
The measure of freedom the subject-addressee of genetic education: the content of genetic education
Authors: Voronin M. V.
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the issue of the measure of freedom of the subject-addressee of genetic education. The goal of this article is to clarify and analyze the features of content of genetic education; to compare the notion of genetic education with legal and medical education and find similarities and differences between them; to reflect on ways and methods of legal and social regulation of genetic education.

The study considers two theoretical models of understanding of the measure of freedom related to the use of information on genetic data. The first model deals with genetic information that must be provided. The second model pertains to optional information.

The notion of “genomic education” is analyzed in the context of characteristics of genetic education and is compared with medical and legal education. It is highlighted that genetic education is inherently innovative, interdisciplinary, narrow-focused, limited in its content, and proactive.

In conclusion, it is emphasized that there is a need to conduct a further research on content, control and communication in the implementation of narrow-focused genetic education.
The European Union Artificial Intelligence Act: the first look at the project
Authors: Stepanian A. G.
Published: October 2021

The proposal of European Union Regulation establishing harmonized rules for artificial intelligence (Artificial Intelligence Act) is under consideration. The structure and features of the draft of this regulatory legal act of the integration organization are analyzed. Thus, the act will contain harmonized rules for the commissioning, operation and use of AI systems; bans on certain artificial intelligence methods; special requirements for high-risk AI systems and the obligations of the operators of such systems, harmonized transparency rules for AI systems intended for interaction with individuals, emotion recognition systems and biometric categorization systems, AI systems used to create images, audio or video content, or managing them; market surveillance and supervision rules. The article discusses other provisions of the Act, the features of the proposed institutions (In particular, the European Council on Artificial Intelligence should be created) and norms, including extraterritoriality, risk-based approach, object, scope, definitions, punishment for violations of provisions. The possibility of voluntarily complying with codes of conduct for some AI systems is highlighted. Conclusions are drawn about the advisability of (non) application of these institutions or rules in the Russian Federation.
University professor: scientific trajectory in the conditions of integration and internationalization
Authors: Ershova I. V.
Published: October 2021

The article considers the concept and the basis of the legal status of a professor of a Russian university. Comparisons with a similar position in France and Germany are given. According to the results of a comparative analysis of legal acts of Russia, Belarus, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, significant differences in scientometric indicators for applicants for the degree of Doctor of Law were revealed. The differences in the criteria for awarding the academic title of professor in the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union are shown. The opinion is expressed about the negative impact of this differentiation on labor mobility and academic mobility. It is concluded that the achievement of scientific indicators is necessary throughout the active creative life of the professor. The tendency of “internationalization” of publication activity is revealed, since the requirements for the availability of publications indexed in international databases are present in legal acts regulating various aspects of the professor's activity. It is recommended to take this factor into account when building the scientific trajectory of a modern professor.
Legal regimes for using human embryos for scientific purposes in the light of the international bodies’ practice
Authors: Gazina N. I.
Published: October 2021

The research on human embryos evolves rapidly, raising a number of ethical and legal issues and directly affecting human rights. Approaches to the legal regulation of human embryo research differ significantly from country to country. Some of them employ prohibitive practices (e.g. Switzerland and Italy), and the others have a regime that allows using embryos for scientific purposes with restrictions of different extent (e.g. the UK and Japan). There is no the international consensus on the issue of human embryo research. The objective of the article is to find out whether there are positions of the international bodies that may become or have already become the general guidance for different countries, allowing therefore to regulate effectively the use of human embryos for scientific purposes.

The conclusion is drawn that there are positions of international bodies that may serve as the guidance within the regulation of the area concerned. States may enjoy a wide margin of appreciation within the framework of human embryo research regulation, considering the need to update their regulations regularly to harmonize them with the development of human rights and scientific progress and also to ensure a certain level of the embryo protection.
Levels IL-4, IL-8, TNF-α in middle-aged men with stented coronary arteries after repeated myocardial revascularization
Authors: Vasilenko Vladimir S. , Kurnikova Elena A. , Gostimskiy Vadim A. , Shenderov Sergey V. , Blinov Aleksandr E. , Varlamova Olga N. , Dement’eva Elena A.
Published: October 2021

Background. It has now been established that inflammatory cytokines are involved in all the stages of the development of coronary heart disease. It has been scientifically proved that the severity of coronary heart disease directly correlates with the increase in the level of proinflammatory cytokines, while data on the role of proinflammatory interleukin IL-8 and anti-inflammatory interleukin IL-4 are contradictory.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-8, TNF-) and anti-inflammatory interleukin (IL-4) in patients with various forms of coronary heart disease who underwent re-stenting of the coronary arteries.

Materials and methods. By the method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the levels of cytokines were determined in 28 patients who had previously undergone myocardial infarction with stenting of an infarct-related artery, re-admitted due to the development of acute coronary syndrome, who underwent repeated stenting of coronary arteries. The same method was performed on 24 patients who also had previously undergone myocardial infarction with stenting of the infarction-associated artery, who were admitted to the clinic for staged stenting of the coronary arteries.

Results. In patients with chronic coronary syndrome the levels of IL-4 a do not exceed the reference values, in patients with acute coronary syndrome the levels of IL-4 there was an increase 3,700,24 and 359,8066,94 pg/ml, р 0,001. In patients with chronic coronary syndrome the levels of IL-8 a do not exceed the reference values, in patients with acute coronary syndrome the levels of IL-8 there was an increase 7,341,29 and 69,7518,25 pg/ml, р 0,001.

Conclusions. The increase in the level of IL-4 has a compensatory character and, along with a slight increase in TNF-, can be considered as a positive factor stabilizing the course of the disease.
Effects of Continuous Nursing Intervention on Exercise Tolerance and Rehospitalization Rate in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Sun Xiao-Li , Shi Zhao-Yun , Wang Na
Published: October 2021

Objective To observe the effect of continuous nursing intervention on exercise tolerance and rehospitalization rate in patients with chronic heart failure. Methods 134 patients with chronic heart failure admitted to our hospital were divided into two groups, routine nursing intervention
group (control group) and continuous nursing intervention group (observation group), with 67 cases in each group. The resting and peak heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of the two groups were recorded. The change of 6min walking distance, modified
European Heart Failure Self-Care Behavior Scale (EHFSCB-9) and quality of life (SF-36) of the two groups were compared before and after intervention, and moreover, rehospitalization rate of heart failure of two groups 6 months after discharge was compared between the two groups. Results: Before
intervention, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). After intervention, there was no significant difference in resting and peak HR, SBP and DBP between the two groups and those before intervention (P>0.05). Further comparison between the two groups showed
that there was no significant difference in resting and peak HR, SBP and DBP between the observation group and the control group (P>0.05). After intervention, 6min walking distance and SF-36 scale scores (role physical, physiological function, physical pain, energy, health status, social
function, mental health and emotional function) were increased in the two groups (P<0.05). Further comparison between the two groups showed that 6min walking distance and SF-36 scale scores (except somatic pain score and role physical score) in the observation group were higher than those
in the control group (P<0.05), and the EHFSCB-9 scores in the two groups decreased gradually after intervention (P<0.05). Further comparison between the two groups showed that the EHFSCB-9 scores in the observation group (except low salt diet score and taking medicine based on doctor's
advice score) were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The rehospitalization rate of heart failure within 6 months after discharge was 11.91% in the observation group, significantly lower than 25.37% in the control group, and the difference was significant (P<0.05). Conclusion:
Continuous nursing intervention can strengthen the self-care ability of patients with chronic heart failure, improve exercise tolerance and quality of life, and reduce the rehospitalization rate to heart failure within 6 months.
Analysis of the Effect of Psychological Nursing Intervention on Perioperative Mood and NK Cell Activity in Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Yuan Jihong , Yuan Linghong , Hu Yi , Gong Jingjing , Tong Yang , Jin Yongmei
Published: October 2021

Breast cancer (Breast Cancer, BC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in women in the world. It is the first malignant tumor that causes the death of women in developing countries. It seriously threatens the lives and health of women and causes damage to the family, economy and
society. Through psychological nursing intervention, it has a positive effect on the perioperative mood and NK cell activity of breast cancer patients. The purpose of this article is to explore the effects of psychological intervention on the perioperative mood and NK cell activity of breast
cancer patients. This article is based on the concept and theory of psychological nursing intervention for female breast cancer patients, and establishes personalized intervention measures in conjunction with clinical practice to intervene the emotions of breast cancer patients during the
perioperative period. This article analyzes the nature, intensity, and causes of negative psychology of the subject through in - depth understanding of the subject's psychological emotions, coping ability, personality characteristics, past emotional experience, and social support, and discovers
the different emotional characteristics of the patient, and formulates the personality psychological intervention measures to stimulate positive and optimistic attitudes and ease the degree of negative psychology. This article analyzes the psychological characteristics of several breast cancer
patients. Take corresponding psychological intervention measures. Cope with a series of bad psychology caused by image damage caused by total mastectomy. The results and data in this article show that the incidence of anxiety and depression in the control group is higher than that of the psychological
intervention group at 7 days after the operation, with P values of 0.0059 and 0. 0215. Psychological intervention reduces the incidence of negative emotions and reduces the negativeness of patients. The intensity of emotion has played a good clinical effect.
Dynamic Changes and Clinical Significance of White Blood Cells and Platelets in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Wang He , Liu Kaili , Xiu Chao , Liu Bin , Zhao Wantao , Liu Liang , Pang Jinfeng
Published: October 2021

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is becoming the main cause of death threatening human life because of its high disability rate, high mortality rate and great social harm. The purpose of this study was to investigate the dynamic changes and clinical significance of leukocytes (WBC) and
platelets (PLT) in patients with traumatic brain injury. In the process of specimen collection, 4ml of peripheral venous blood was collected 24 hours, 4 days, 7 days, 14 days and 21 days after craniocerebral injury using sterile, non-heat source and non-endotoxin test tube. 2ml venous blood
was added into EDTA anticoagulant blood collection vessel to detect the changes of peripheral blood leukocytes and platelets in patients with craniocerebral injury. In addition, 2 ml venous blood was added into the procoagulant blood collection vessel, and the serum was separated and frozen
for the determination of CRP and TSP1. All patients were evaluated with Glasgow outcome score at discharge. When detecting PLT and WBC, Sysmex K4500 hematology analyzer was used to routinely measure the number of PLT and WBC in peripheral blood at different time points. In the process of CRP
(C- reactive protein) measurement, adjust the pipette to 60 μ l, and add 50 μl of developer a and developer B into the micropore respectively. Then it vibrates on a mini vibrator for 5 seconds to ensure mixing. Preheat the microplate reader for 30 minutes, place the microplate in the
microplate reader, set the parameters and read the values. When measuring TSP1 (thrombin sensitive protein 1), adjust the micro pipette to 50 μ l, then add 50μl termination solution into the micropore respectively, and then vibrate on the micro vibrator for 30 seconds to ensure full
mixing. Further analysis showed that there was no difference between the non-infection group and the normal control group on the 4th day (P > 0.05). This study is helpful to the timely treatment of patients with traumatic brain injury.
Heterogeneity of Total Factor Productivity of Export Tobacco Enterprises Under the Link of Tobacco Production Scheduling
Authors: Cai Zhenjun
Published: October 2021

Objectives: The production scheduling of tobacco enterprises belongs to the production arrangement level, that is, to the decision-making management level. Production scheduling chain management started relatively late in tobacco enterprises. Methods: By combining TFP and production
scheduling chain through scheduling coordination function, they can achieve the same goal of organic link. This can enable tobacco enterprises to develop products with excellent quality and stable performance, so as to improve the export volume and create considerable economic benefits. Results:
The TFP (total factor productivity) of enterprises from the perspective of heterogeneity to test the applicability of the new trade theory to China's agricultural export enterprises. It measures the TFP and its heterogeneity from the micro enterprise level, and shows that the average increasing
rate TFP of China's agricultural export enterprises is 4.2%. At the regional level, the TFP growth rate in the western region is the highest. The TFP of state-owned enterprises is the lowest, with an average increasing rate of 6.6%. Conclusion: More attention should be paid to the active introduction
of new factors to accelerate the establishment and development of a modern tobacco system. Moreover, advanced factors of the Internet, digitization, and intelligence should be combined to promote an in-depth integration of the producer services, advanced manufacturing industry, and modern
agriculture to achieve free flow and effective allocation of various factors for technical progress.
Radiographic assessment of impacted mandibular third molars
Authors: Kukreja Pankaj , Al Qahtani Fahd Nasser , Al Qahtani Ahad Fahd , Al Qahtani Modi Fahd , Al Qahtani Majedah Fahd , Al Ghamdi Bakheet Atiah A
Published: October 2021

The surgical remedy of problems related to lower jaw 3 molars is related to common surgical risks like contamination, haemorrhage, pain and swelling. Certain unique risks are related with such surgery, specifically inferior alveolar and lingual nerve harm as these are adjacent vital structures. Risk assessment calls for an entire understanding of dental factors that can impact the care of these characteristic structures. Preoperative radiographic assessment warrants to provide data about the tooth itself, its encompassing bone, the neighbouring dentition, and related anatomical structural systems. Parameters that ought to be assessed are level of impaction, root formulations, angulation of the enamel, number of roots, root morphology, related pathology and, most importantly, the relation some of the crown/roots and the mandibular canal. An appropriate imaging method for 3 molars ought to display the complete 3rd molar and the mandibular canal below it. In this mini review, we elaborate on the generally used radiographic assessment methods of mandibular 3rd molars.
Amelogenesis imperfecta: A case series
Authors: Jijin M J  , Thabsheera P P  , Labeeb K P Mohamed , Anjana R
Published: October 2021

Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) refers to a group of rare genetic disorders that involve tooth development and that are passed down through families as a dominant trait. This condition is characterized by abnormal enamel formation caused by gene mutations that alter the quality and/or quantity of enamel. This dental problem can impact both primary and permanent dentition, varies among affected individuals, and results in esthetic and functional problems. The treatment planning for patients with AI is related to many factors, including the age of the patient, the type and severity of the disorder, intraoral conditions, and the socioeconomic status of the patient. It is crucial to plan a proper remedy, which requires collaboration among dental specialties to execute comprehensive dental treatment in order to provide a long-term solution with adequate esthetics. This clinical case study looks at three different types of amelogenesis imperfecta patients.