bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Did socioeconomic inequalities in overweight and obesity in South African women of childbearing age improve between 1998 and 2016? A decomposition analysis
Authors: Nglazi Mweete D. , Ataguba John E.
Published: November 2024

Overweight and obesity in adult women contribute to deaths and disability from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and obesity-related health problems in their offspring. Globally, overweight and obesity prevalence among women of childbearing age (WCBA) has increased, but associated socioeconomic inequality remains unclear. This study, therefore, assesses the changing patterns in the socioeconomic inequality in overweight and obesity among South African non-pregnant WCBA between 1998 and 2016. It uses data from the 1998 and 2016 Demographic and Health Surveys. Socioeconomic inequality in overweight and obesity was assessed using the concentration index (C). The index was decomposed to identify contributing factors to obesity and overweight inequalities. Factors contributing to changes in inequalities between 1998 and 2016 were assessed using the Oaxaca-type decomposition approach. Socioeconomic inequalities in overweight and obesity among WCBA in South Africa increased between 1998 (C of 0.02 and 0.06, respectively) and 2016 (C of 0.04 and 0.08, respectively). Socioeconomic status was the biggest contributor to overweight and obesity inequalities for both years. The Oaxaca-type decomposition showed that race and urban residence are major contributors to changes in overweight and obesity inequalities. Policies such as the current tax on sugar-sweetened beverages and subsidising fruits and vegetables, among others, are needed to prioritise WCBA, especially for those from disadvantaged socioeconomic backgrounds, in addressing inequalities in overweight and obesity in South Africa.
Multilocus sequence typing of clinical Burkholderia pseudomallei isolates from Cambodia
Authors: Gyamfi Emmanuel , Delvallez Gauthier , Cheng Sokleaph , Meng Soda , Oeurn Kimyeun , Sam Chanchakriya , Kerleguer Alexandra , Guillard Bertrand , Bañuls Anne-Laure , Hide Mallorie
Published: November 2024

Melioidosis is a neglected tropical disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, endemic to Southeast Asia and Northern Australia. Despite its increasing global public health and clinical significance, the molecular epidemiology of melioidosis and genetic diversity of B. pseudomallei in Cambodia remains poorly understood. This study aims to elucidate the genetic diversity and antibiotic susceptibility profiles of B. pseudomallei isolates responsible for melioidosis in humans. For this purpose, 14 clinical isolates cryopreserved at the Medical Biology Laboratory at Institut Pasteur du Cambodge from 2016 to 2020 were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing and Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST). Phenotypic testing revealed that 92.86% (13/14) of the isolates were sensitive to all tested antibiotics, while one isolate exhibited resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. MLST analysis resolved our isolates into 14 unique Sequence Types (STs), including 10 previously documented in Southeast Asia. Notably, ST1858, ST2064, ST2065, and ST2066 were identified as novel STs, while ST54, ST99, ST211, and ST1359 were reported in Cambodia for the first time in this study. Comparing our MLST data with available sequences on PubMLST (n = 165), our study unveiled a high genetic diversity of B. pseudomallei in Cambodia. The identified STs were closely associated with isolates from other Southeast Asian countries, particularly Thailand, Vietnam, and Malaysia. In conclusion, this study provided insight into the genetic diversity among B. pseudomallei clinical isolates in Cambodia and their close genetic association with Southeast Asian isolates. To further our understanding, a One Health approach, incorporating human, environmental (mainly soil), and animal compartments, is essential to decipher the epidemiology of B. pseudomallei in Cambodia.
À descoberta de um ‘alimento sadio e saboroso’ ou a presença da batata na obra do Visconde de Vilarinho de São Romão
Authors: Aboim Pires Leonardo
Published: November 2024

António Lobo Barbosa Teixeira Ferreira Girão, 1º Visconde de Vilarinho de São Romão, foi um político e académico com destaque no panorama cultural português teve uma atividade literária e científica em consonância com a conduta de um típico ‘gentleman farmer’ oitocentista: acompanhou e adiantou novidades científicas no campo da Agricultura e participou no debate cultural, ideológico e político do seu tempo. Dentro da sua bibliografia, um produto teve singular relevo: a batata. Apesar da sua lenta difusão, situada a partir de meados do século XVIII, este tubérculo começou a ganhar proeminência nas décadas seguintes. Na confluência entre os escritos sobre a batata deste nobre transmontano e o contexto sociocultural em que se inseriu, este artigo centrar-se-á na análise dos mencionados livros, em articulação com a produção coeva na Europa e, nesse sentido, conclui-se que este legado foi sintoma das novas formas de se encarar as artes agrícola e culinária em Portugal.
Effects of Lactobacillus farciminis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus on the duodenal development of specific-pathogen-free broiler chickens
Authors: Eglite Sabine , Jonova Sintija , Gorbačevska Dace , Zolovs Maksims , Ilgaza Aija
Published: November 2024

Background and Aim: The positive effects of Lactobacillus farciminis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus on growth and feed consumption indicators have been described; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to determine whether the addition of L. farciminis CNCM-I-3699 (2.1010 GU/g) and L. rhamnosus CNCM-I-3698 (2.1010 GU/g) to the feed of Ross 308 specific-pathogen-free (SPF) broiler chickens (at a dose of 4 g/10 kg feed) affects live weight gain, the feed conversion ratio (FCR), and duodenal development in SPF broiler chickens.

Materials and Methods: In total, 780 SPF broiler chicks were randomly divided into two groups (three replicates per group) immediately after hatching: The control group (n = 390) and the probiotic group (n = 390). Live body weight (g) and FCR were measured on days 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 of the study. Histological examinations (hematoxylin and eosin staining) of the duodenum were performed, and the villus height (VH), villus width, crypt depth (CD), muscle layer thickness, and VH: CD ratio were measured. In addition, immunohistochemical examinations were performed to determine the number of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-positive cells.

Results: Feeding a probiotic mixture containing L. farciminis and L. rhamnosus to SPF broiler chickens for 35 days increased the duodenal absorption area and muscle layer thickness. In addition, it accelerated the histological development of the duodenum, as evidenced by the significantly higher number of PCNA-positive cells within the crypts. Although SPF broiler chickens in the ProL group exhibited greater live weight gain and lower FCR throughout the study, these differences were not statistically significant.

Conclusion: These results suggest that L. farciminis and L. rhamnosus can serve as additives to SPF broiler chicken feed to promote growth and development.

Keywords: duodenum, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, poultry, Ross 308.
On a Class of Unary Operators in Continuous-Valued Logic
Authors: Dombi József , Jónás Tamás
Published: November 2024

The unary operators play an important role in continuous-valued logic and in artificial intelligence as well. Based on our previous results concerning these operators, we prove here that (a) the Pliant negation operator (also known as the Dombi form of negation); (b) the substantiating, weakening, modal and linguistic hedge operators; (c) the sharpness operator; and (d) the preference operator can all be written in a common form, which is called the kappa function. The kappa function is an operator class-dependent, universal operator. Here, a sufficient condition for the identity of two kappa functions is presented. Also, we provide the condition for which the conjunctive and disjunctive forms of the kappa function coincide. Next, we demonstrate that the inverse of a kappa function is a kappa function as well. Then, we show that for certain conditions, a set of kappa functions is closed under the composition and conjunctive (or disjunctive) operations. Also, we briefly describe two special cases of the kappa function: the product and the Dombi operator case; and we point out that its extended versions can be applied in various areas.
International Management and Organisation: Insights from the Institute of Strategy and Management at Corvinus University of Budapest
Authors: Maha Al-Dalahmeh , Csedő Zoltán , Koczkás Sára , Primecz Henriett , Salamon Károly , Stocker Miklós , Szabó Gyula Márton , Szukits Ágnes , Vaszkun Balázs György , Zavarkó Máté
Published: November 2024

In an increasingly interconnected and globalized world, the field of International Management has become essential for understanding how businesses operate across diverse cultural, economic, and regulatory environments. As companies expand beyond national borders, managers face challenges that demand a nuanced understanding of different management practices, cultural sensitivities, and the complexities of operating within various institutional frameworks. This book addresses these challenges by providing a comprehensive guide to the key concepts, theories, and practical insights necessary for effective international management. Designed for a broad audience-including academics, students, and practitioners in management, international business, and organizational studies—it offers a framework supported by empirical studies, making it an indispensable resource for today’s business leaders and scholars.
A közép-európai kereskedelmi útvonalak és jelentőségük változása
Authors:   , Miklós Gábor
Published: November 2024

A 2008-2009-es világgazdasági válságot és a COVID19 pandémia okozta globális gazdasági válságot követően új szállítási útvonalakat hoznak létre Európa és a Távol-Kelet között. Ezek új gazdasági folyamatokat és új gazdaságpolitikai eszközöket eredményeznek, valamint új gazdasági válaszokat igényelnek a tudománytól is. A dolgozat célja, hogy hozzájáruljon ezeknek a folyamatoknak a jobb megértéséhez. A dolgozatban három kérdés megválaszolására törekszem. Elsőként feltárom, hogyan tevődik át a globális kereskedelem súlypontja a nyugat-európai, hagyományosan nagy tengeri kikötőkből a közép-európai és délkelet-európai régióba. Ezt követően arra a keresem a választ, hogy milyen gazdasági és pénzügyi érdekek merülhetnek fel (sérülhetnek) az érintett régiókban. Végül megvizsgálom, hogy milyen szerepet játszik e folyamatokban az Európai Unió vezető gazdasági ereje, Németország.
Post-Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Right Atrial Pressure and Left Atrial Volume Index Predict Heart Failure and Mortality: Dual Center Experience
Authors: Laurenzano John , Ganesan Previn , Harrington Claire , Slaughter James Christopher , VanWagner Lisa B. , Borgmann Anthony , Gupta Deepak K , Mazumder Nikhilesh , Boike Justin , Izzy Manhal
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Heart failure (HF) after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement affects up to 20% of patients. Understanding factors associated with post-TIPS HF is critical. Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy (CCM) is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. We aim to evaluate whether hemodynamic measurements and echocardiographic markers of CCM pre-TIPS and post-TIPS can predict post-TIPS HF and death.

METHODS:

We performed a retrospective study of cirrhotic patients who underwent TIPS between 2010 and 2015 at 2 centers. Patients with cardiomyopathies other than CCM were excluded. A multivariable-adjusted time-to-event analysis assessed associations of clinical, hemodynamic, and echocardiographic parameters with post-TIPS HF and death during 2 years of follow-up. A 180-day landmark analysis was used to assess the association of echocardiographic changes with outcomes.

RESULTS:

In total, 360 patients met study criteria. 32 developed HF post-TIPS (8.8%). Right atrial pressure measured intraprocedurally post-TIPS insertion was associated with increased risk of HF (adjusted HR 1.10 [1.04–1.17]), with a cutoff of 22 mm Hg associated with highest risk (multivariable HR 2.71 [1.22–6.02]). 92 patients died (25.5%). An increase in left atrial volume index within 180 days post-TIPS was associated with increased mortality (HR 1.08 [1.01–1.15]). Other echocardiographic CCM markers were not associated with HF or death.

DISCUSSION:

Increases in right atrial pressure and left atrial volume index post-TIPS, but not CCM status, predict post-TIPS HF and death, respectively. Surveillance echocardiography may play a role in identifying those at highest risk of decompensation post-TIPS. Further prospective study of CCM and its markers in relation with TIPS outcomes is warranted.
International Validation of a Novel PEACE Scale to Improve the Quality of Upper Gastrointestinal Mucosal Inspection During Endoscopy
Authors: Romańczyk Marcin , Desai Madhav , Kamiński Michal F. , Abe Seiichiro , Alkandari Asma A. , Beyna Torsten , Bisschops Raf , Budzyń Krzysztof , Bugdol Monika , Grover Samir C. , Gyawali C. Prakash , Inoue Haruhiro , Iyer Prasad G. , Messmann Helmut , Ragunath Krish , Saito Yutaka , Srinivasan Sachin , Teshima Christopher , Yadlapati Rena , Hassan Cesare , Sharma Prateek
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION:

The performance of a high quality esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is dependent on the mucosal cleanliness. Recently, the Polprep: Effective Assessment of Cleanliness in EGD (PEACE) scale was created to assess the degree of mucosal cleanliness during EGD. The aim of this study was to validate this scoring system in a cohort of international endoscopists.

METHODS:

In total, 39 EGD videos, with different degrees of mucosal cleanliness were retrieved from a previously conducted prospective trial. All experts rated the cleanliness of the mucosa on each video using the PEACE scale. To evaluate agreement of all scores (0–3), intraclass correlation coefficient 2.1 was used. The agreement on adequate (scores 2 and 3) and inadequate (scores 0 and 1) cleanliness was assessed using kappa values.

RESULTS:

Videos evaluating esophagus, stomach, and duodenum cleanliness were reviewed by 16 endoscopists. The PEACE scores demonstrated good agreement (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.82, 95% CI 0.75–0.89), especially for esophagus (0.84; 95% CI 0.71–0.95) and stomach (0.81; 95% CI 0.69–0.91), while agreement was moderate for the duodenum (0.69; 95% CI 0.51–0.87). The agreement was similar between Eastern (0.86; 95% CI 0.79–0.92) and Western experts (0.80; 95% CI 0.72–0.88). Similarly, agreement regarding adequate cleanliness was comparable between Eastern (0.70; 95% CI 0.55–0.85) and Western (0.74; 95% CI 0.64–0.84) endoscopists being overall 0.75 (95% CI 0.65–0.85).

DISCUSSION:

The PEACE scoring system is a simple and reliable scale to assess the cleanliness during EGD. The score is now validated among international experts with high concordance, justifying its use in clinical practice.
Inuit Traditional Ecological Knowledge of Anadromous Arctic Char, iqalukpik (Salvelinus alpinus) Under Changing Climatic Conditions in the Amundsen Gulf, Western Canadian Arctic
Authors: Pearce Tristan D. , Gallagher Colin P. , Lea Ellen V. , Kudlak Gibson , Kuptana David , Pettitt-Wade Harri , Smart Jessica , Memogana Susie , Scanlon Halena , Loseto Lisa
Published: November 2024

Inuit in the western Canadian Arctic have observed climate change impacts in marine and freshwater environments that have resulted in changes in the abundance, movement ecology, and health of Arctic char, iqalukpik (Salvelinus alpinus), with implications for their fisheries. This research was co-designed with Inuit to investigate reported changes in anadromous Arctic char in waters near Ulukhaktok, Northwest Territories, Canada. An analysis of semi-structured interviews with 26 Inuit fishers not only documented changes in Arctic char population abundance, spatial movement, appearance, and taste but also changes in access to the fishery. Over the past several decades and becoming pronounced in recent years, fewer fish and specifically fewer medium-sized fish that are preferred by fishers, have been caught using nets near the settlement, with some showing poor body condition, and others appearing to originate from lakes outside of the expected spatial range, earlier in an extended summer coastal fishing season. Inuit have observed changes in individual fish with broader environmental changes that are also disrupting fishing activities: the increasing prevalence of Pacific salmon, warmer air and marine sea surface temperatures, inconsistent sea and lake ice conditions, stronger and more frequent wind and wave activity, fluctuating water levels in rivers, and a seasonal tunicate bloom. Inuit have responded to these changes by altering personal subsistence fishing practices and temporarily halting a small-scale community-based commercial fishery because of observations in stock declines and in order to prioritize the subsistence fishery.
Policing the Arctic: Relations Between the Mounted Police and Inuit in the Eastern Canadian Arctic during Sled Dog Patrols, 1903 – 45
Authors: Baril Danny , Lévesque Francis
Published: November 2024

This paper examines relations between the Mounted Police and Inuit of the Eastern Canadian Arctic from 1903 to 1945. It recognizes that although the Mounted Police, as an organization, acted coercively to impose Canadian laws and push Canada’s colonial agenda in the Arctic, police officers needed to maintain good relationships with Inuit to do their job and survive Arctic conditions. The paper’s overarching objective is to highlight the contribution of Inuit special constables to Canadian Arctic history. We present a careful study of routine and special patrols, as these provide a unique opportunity to gain a better understanding of the role of Inuit special constables and their relationships with Mounted Police officers. The paper presents a series of interactions between these two groups that illustrate the complexity and nuances of their relationship. Drawing on archival work, we also highlight the names of previously unacknowledged Inuit special constables.
Cokernels of random matrix products and flag Cohen–Lenstra heuristic
Authors: Huang Yifeng
Published: November 2024

In [H. H. Nguyen and R. Van Peski,
Universality for cokernels of random matrix products,
Adv. Math. 438 2024, Paper No. 109451], Nguyen and Van Peski raised the question of whether the surjective flag of

ℤ
p

{{\mathbb{Z}}_{p}}

-modules modeled by

cok
⁢

(

M
1

⁢
…
⁢

M
k

)

↠
⋯
↠

cok
⁢

(

M
1

)

\mathrm{cok}(M_{1}\dots M_{k})\twoheadrightarrow\cdots\twoheadrightarrow%
\mathrm{cok}(M_{1})

for independent random matrices

M
1

,
…
,

M
k

∈

Mat
n

⁡

(

ℤ
p

)

M_{1},\dots,M_{k}\in\operatorname{Mat}_{n}({\mathbb{Z}}_{p})

satisfies the Cohen–Lenstra heuristic. We answer the question affirmatively when

M
1

,
…
,

M
k

{M_{1},\dots,M_{k}}

follow the Haar measure, and our proof demonstrates how classical ideas in Cohen–Lenstra heuristic adapt naturally to the flag setting. We also prove an analogue for non-square matrices.
Nonlinear mixed Jordan-type derivations on *-algebras
Authors: Rehman Nadeem Ur , Madni Md Arshad , Mozumder Muzibur Rahman
Published: November 2024

Let

𝒜

{\mathcal{A}}

be a unital

∗

{\ast}

-algebra over the complex field

ℂ

{\mathbb{C}}

. For any

μ
1

,

μ
2

,

μ
3

,
…
,

μ
n

∈
𝒜

{\mu_{1},\mu_{2},\mu_{3},\ldots,\mu_{n}\in\mathcal{A}}

,
a product

μ
1

∘

μ
2

=

μ
1

⁢

μ
2

+

μ
2

⁢

μ
1

\mu_{1}\circ\mu_{2}=\mu_{1}\mu_{2}+\mu_{2}\mu_{1}

is called Jordan product and

μ
1

∙

μ
2

=

μ
1

⁢

μ
2

+

μ
2

⁢

μ
1
∗

{\mu_{1}\bullet\mu_{2}=\mu_{1}\mu_{2}+\mu_{2}\mu_{1}^{\ast}}

is called skew Jordan product. Define

P
3

⁢

(

μ
1

,

μ
2

,

μ
3

)

=

μ
1

∘

μ
2

∙

μ
3

P_{3}(\mu_{1},\mu_{2},\mu_{3})=\mu_{1}\circ\mu_{2}\bullet\mu_{3}

(called mixed Jordan triple product) and

P
n

⁢

(

μ
1

,

μ
2

,
…
,

μ
n

)

=

μ
1

∘

μ
2

∘
⋯

∙

μ
n

P_{n}(\mu_{1},\mu_{2},\ldots,\mu_{n})=\mu_{1}\circ\mu_{2}\circ\cdots\bullet\mu%
_{n}

(called mixed Jordan n-product) for all integer

n
≥
3

{n\geq 3}

. In this article, it is shown that a map (called nonlinear mixed Jordan n-derivation)

φ
:

𝒜
→
𝒜

{\varphi:\mathcal{A}\rightarrow\mathcal{A}}

satisfies

φ
⁢

(

P
n

⁢

(

μ
1

,

μ
2

,
…
,

μ
n

)

)

=

∑

i
=
1

n

P
n

⁢

(

μ
1

,
…
,

ν

i
-
1

,

φ
⁢

(

ν
i

)

,

ν

i
+
1

,
…
,

ν
n

)

{\varphi(P_{n}(\mu_{1},\mu_{2},\ldots,\mu_{n}))=\sum_{i=1}^{n}P_{n}(\mu_{1},%
\ldots,\nu_{i-1},\varphi(\nu_{i}),\nu_{i+1},\ldots,\nu_{n})}

for all

ν
1

,

ν
2

,
…
,

ν
n

∈
𝒜

{\nu_{1},\nu_{2},\ldots,\nu_{n}\in\mathcal{A}}

if and only if φ is an additive

∗

{\ast}

-derivation. As applications, our main result is applied to several special classes of unital

∗

{\ast}

-algebras such as prime

∗

{\ast}

-algebras, factor von Neumann algebras and von Neumann algebras with no central summands of type

I
1

{I_{1}}

.
Estimations of Levinson-type inequalities using novel 3-convex Green functions with Taylor’s formula
Authors: Rasheed Awais , Khan Khuram Ali , Pečarić Josip , Pečarić Đilda
Published: November 2024

The goal of this study is to derive the generalized Levinson-type inequalities in the form of Taylor representation for higher order convex functions.
This study uses Taylor’s formula and several novel types of 3-convex Green functions, to establish the novel identities associated with Bullen-type inequalities for higher order convex functions. Moreover, various Levinson-type inequalities are proved for positive real weights using Green functions and Taylor’s formula.
Positive solutions for a class of singular fractional boundary value problem with p-Laplacian
Authors: Panigrahi Saroj , Kumar Raghvendra
Published: November 2024

In this paper, an attempt has been made to establish the sufficient conditions for the existence and multiplicity of positive solutions by using the fixed point index theory and the Avery–Peterson fixed point
theorem respectively for the following class of nonlinear
singular fractional differential equation

D

0
+

β

⁢

(

ϕ
p

⁢

(

D

0
+

α

⁢
u
⁢

(
t
)

)

)

+

f
⁢

(
t
,

u
⁢

(
t
)

,
…
,

u

(

n
-
2

)

⁢

(
t
)

)

=
0

,

t
∈

(
0
,
1
)

,

D_{0^{+}}^{\beta}(\phi_{p}(D_{0^{+}}^{\alpha}u(t)))+f(t,u(t),\dots,u^{(n-2)}(t%
))=0,\quad t\in(0,1),

with the boundary conditions

u

(
k
)

⁢

(
0
)

=
0

,

0
≤
k
≤

n
-
2

,

D

0
+

α

⁢
u
⁢

(
0
)

=
0

,

D

0
+

α
-
1

⁢
u
⁢

(
1
)

=

∫
0
1

D

0
+

α
-
1

⁢
u
⁢

(
t
)

⁢

𝑑
A

⁢

(
t
)

,

u^{(k)}(0)=0,\quad 0\leq k\leq n-2,\qquad D_{0^{+}}^{\alpha}u(0)=0,\qquad D_{0%
^{+}}^{\alpha-1}u(1)=\int_{0}^{1}D_{0^{+}}^{\alpha-1}u(t)\,dA(t),

where

0
<
β
≤
1

{0<\beta\leq 1}

,

n
-
1

<
α
≤
n

{n-1<\alpha\leq n}

,

n
≥
3

{n\geq 3}

,

A
:

[
0
,
1
]

→
ℝ

{A:[0,1]\to\mathbb{R}}

is a function of bounded variation,

ϕ
p

⁢

(
s
)

=

|
s
|

p
-
2

⁢
s

{\phi_{p}(s)=|s|^{p-2}s}

for

p
>
1

{p>1}

and

ϕ
q

⁢

(
s
)

{\phi_{q}(s)}

is the inverse of

ϕ
p

⁢

(
s
)

{\phi_{p}(s)}

, where

p
,
q

{p,q}

satisfies the relation

1
p

+

1
q

=
1

{\frac{1}{p}+\frac{1}{q}=1}

, f may have singularity at

t
=
0

{t=0}

.
A geometry in the set of solutions to ill-posed linear problems with box constraints: Applications to probabilities on discrete sets
Authors: Gzyl Henryk
Published: November 2024

When there are no constraints upon the solutions of the equation

𝑨
⁢
𝝃

=
𝒚

{{\boldsymbol{A}}{\boldsymbol{\xi}}={\boldsymbol{y}}}

, where

𝑨

{{\boldsymbol{A}}}

is a

K
×
N

-

{K\times N-}

matrix,

𝝃
∈

ℝ
N

{{\boldsymbol{\xi}}\in{\mathbb{R}}^{N}}

and

𝒚
∈

ℝ
K

{{\boldsymbol{y}}\in{\mathbb{R}}^{K}}

a given vector, the description of the
set of solutions as

𝒚

{{\boldsymbol{y}}}

varies in

ℝ
K

{{\mathbb{R}}^{K}}

is well known. But this is not so when the solutions are required to satisfy

𝝃
∈

𝒦
⁢

∏

i
≤
j
≤
N

[

a
j

,

b
j

]

{{\boldsymbol{\xi}}\in{\mathcal{K}}\prod_{i\leq j\leq N}[a_{j},b_{j}]}

, for finite

a
j

≤

b
j

:

1
≤
j
≤
N

{a_{j}\leq b_{j}:1\leq j\leq N}

. To solve this problem we bring in a strictly convex, Fermi-Dirac entropy function

Ψ
⁢

(
𝝃
)

{\Psi({\boldsymbol{\xi}})}

, and find the solution as

a
⁢
r
⁢
g
⁢
m
⁢
i
⁢
n
⁢

{

Ψ
⁢

(
𝝃
)

:

𝝃
∈
𝒦

,

𝑨
⁢
𝝃

=
y

}

{argmin\{\Psi({\boldsymbol{\xi}}):{\boldsymbol{\xi}}\in{\mathcal{K}},\,{%
\boldsymbol{A}}{\boldsymbol{\xi}}=y\}}

. If λ denotes the Lagrange multipliers of the optimization problem, we study the properties of the parametric surface

𝝀
→

𝝃
⁢

(
𝝀
)

{{\boldsymbol{\lambda}}\to{\boldsymbol{\xi}}({\boldsymbol{\lambda}})}

in the geometry on

𝒦

{{\mathcal{K}}}

defined by the Hessian metric derived from

Ψ
⁢

(
𝝃
)

{\Psi({\boldsymbol{\xi}})}

. In particular, we prove that the surface

𝝀
→

𝝃
⁢

(
𝝀
)

{{\boldsymbol{\lambda}}\to{\boldsymbol{\xi}}({\boldsymbol{\lambda}})}

is contained in

ker

(
𝑨
)

⊥

{\ker({\boldsymbol{A}})^{\perp}}

in the Hessian metric derived from Ψ.
Adaptive Bayesian bandwidth based on LPE kernel for asymmetric kernel density
Authors: Makhloufi Sylia , Zougab Nabil , Ziane Yasmina , Adjabi Smail
Published: November 2024

In this work, we propose to estimate the probability density function for nonnegative support using an LPE kernel with the adaptive Bayesian approach for bandwidth selection. For this, we exploit the conjugality between the LPE kernel and a prior distribution to develop the explicit form of the variable bandwidth parameter. Simulation studies are realized to evaluate the performance of the proposed adaptive Bayesian LPE kernel approach, with the classical Plug-In and UCV methods. On the other hand, we have carried out a comparative study between the proposed approach and two other adaptive Bayesian approaches with BSPE and gamma kernels. Moreover, real data sets are presented to illustrate the findings.
Existence of a weak solution to a Markovian BSDE with discontinuous coefficients
Authors: Roubi Abdallah , Elouaflin Abouo
Published: November 2024

We establish the existence of weak solutions for a decoupled system of a forward stochastic differential equation (SDE) and a backward stochastic differential equation (BSDE). The generator

H
⁢

(
x
,
y
,
z
)

{H(x,y,z)}

is assumed continuous in

(
y
,
z
)

{(y,z)}

but possibly discontinuous in x. The drift of the forward component is merely measurable drift and the diffusion coefficient can be discontinuous. Our approach is based on partial differential equations.
Procaine Regulates the STAT3/CCL5 Axis and Inhibits Microglia M1 Polarization to Alleviate Complete Freund’s Adjuvant Rats Pain Behavior
Authors: Sun Yu , Zhang Kai , Li Chen , Wang QingDong , Zang Rongjia
Published: November 2024

Neuropathic pain (NP) caused by sciatic nerve injury can significantly impact the quality of life of patients. The M1 phenotype of microglia has been reported to promote the progression of NP. Procaine is a lipid-soluble local anesthetic drug that exerts narcotic analgesic effects. Nevertheless, the detailed effect of procaine in NP is not clear. In order to explore the role of procaine in the polarization of NP microglia, HAPI cells were exposed to LPS to polarize into M1 type. In addition, the number of the M1 phenotype of HAPI cells was assessed using flow cytometry. The binding site between CCL5 and STAT3 was explored using the dual luciferase assay. Furthermore, in vivo experiments were applied for testing the impact of procaine on NP. LPS significantly inhibited HAPI cell viability, which was reversed by procaine. Consistently, procaine alleviated LPS-induced upregulation of inflammatory factors. Additionally, it significantly inhibited HAPI cell M1 polarization induced by LPS. Meanwhile, overexpression of STAT3 was able to promote HAPI cells M1 polarization through binding with the CCL5 promoter region and activating the PI3K/Akt signaling. Procaine could alleviate the painful behavior of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) rats by modulating the STAT3/CCL5 axis and inhibiting microglia M1 polarization. In conclusion, procaine alleviated the painful behavior of CFA rats via regulating the STAT3/CCL5 axis and inhibiting microglia M1 polarization. Hence, the research might provide a novel agent for NP treatment.
Current aspects of surgical treatment of pelvic organ prolapse
Authors: Salpagarova Farida Kh.‑M. , Aksenenko Viktor A.
Published: November 2024

Objective: comparative analysis of the used methods of surgical treatment of pelvic organ prolapse. Methodology for writing a review. The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A search and analysis of articles published in the scientific databases e-Library, PubMed, Google Scholar for the period from 2015 to 2023 was carried out. After excluding publications that did not correspond to the search, 50 articles were selected for analysis. Conclusion. According to the study, each of the currently used methods of surgical treatment of pelvic organ prolapse has its own advantages and disadvantages, which makes it possible to select the optimal surgical option in each specific case. The determining factors when choosing a surgical intervention are the following factors: the patient's age, the presence of comorbid pathologies, including benign neoplasms, planning or not planning a pregnancy in the future.
Associations of the TNFSF11 gene polymorphisms with knee osteoarthritis in post-menopausal women
Authors: Fedulichev Pavel N.
Published: November 2024

Objective: to determine the role of the TNFSF11 gene polymorphisms rs9594738 and rs9594759 in the development of knee osteoarthritis in postmenopausal women. Material and methods. The case-control study included 483 postmenopausal women. Of these 157 were diagnosed with primary knee osteoarthritis. The remaining 326 women without signs of joint disease were included in the control group. Molecular genetic studies included determination of TNFSF11 rs9594738 and TNFSF11 rs9594759 gene polymorphisms using the real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results. Analysis of genetic markers distribution in two groups of women showed a decrease in the frequency of rs9594738 polymorphism TT genotype among the patients with osteoarthritis (odds ratio 0.59; 95% confidence interval 0.36-0.97; p=0.049). The distribution of this polymorphism alleles, as well as alleles and genotypes of TNFSF11 rs9594759 gene polymorphism in the group of women with osteoarthritis did not differ significantly from the results of the control group (p>0.05). Conclusion. An association of TNFSF11 rs9594738 gene polymorphism with knee osteoarthritis in postmenopausal women has been established. Further research of TNFSF11 gene polymorphic variants role in the knee osteoarthritis etiopathogenesis are needed to develop individual approaches to the prevention and treatment of the above disease.
Giant gastric polyp complicated by bleeding and chronic duodenal obstruction (clinical case)
Authors: Yuzefovich Igor S. , Cherednikov Evgeniy F. , Barannikov Sergey V. , Bolkhovitinov Alexey E. , Polubkova Galina V. , Moiseeva Mariya V.
Published: November 2024

The article describes a case of treatment of a giant gastric polyp complicated by bleeding and chronic duodenal obstruction by a new method of endoscopic surgical hemostasis by endoscopic polypectomy using a polymer alginate hemostatic sorbent. The proposed endoscopic polypectomy method using a local hemostatic agent made it possible to prevent hemorrhagic complications, create conditions for full-fledged reparative regeneration, which made it possible to exclude recurrence of the polyp at the site of its removal in the long term.
Assessment of medical care accessibility for retinal diseases in the regions of the Russian Federation: opinions of doctors and patients
Authors: Vlasov Yan V. , Fomina Tatiana A. , Sineok Evgenia V. , Svetozarskiy Sergey N.
Published: November 2024

Objective: to assess the availability of medical care for retinal diseases in the subjects of the Russian Federation according to the data of a survey of physicians and patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic macular edema (DME). Material and methods. The medical and sociological study included 20 interviews with specialized doctors from 13 subjects of the Russian Federation and questionnaire survey of 264 patients with AMD and 260 patients with DME living in 10 regions of the country. Results. According to the data of the patient survey, AMD and DME were diagnosed during prophylactic measures in 41.3% and 50.0% of respondents (p=0.009). All prescribed intravitreal injections of angiogenesis inhibitors were given free of charge to 64.4-71.4% of respondents. The wait for hospitalization was less than one month for 40.3 and 50.9% of respondents with AMD and DME (p=0.041), respectively. Some of the interviewed patients (18.0%) interrupted the intravitreal injections of angiogenesis inhibitors course due to personal circumstances. According to the data of interviews of medical specialists, the main problems in providing care to patients with AMD and DME include territorial disparities, excessive volume and repetitiveness of preoperative examination and insufficient patient adherence to treatment. Conclusion. Medical care for retinal diseases in the studied regions is characterized in general by a high level of accessibility, which is confirmed by their predominant detection during preventive measures, timely performance of the necessary examination and treatment.
Impact of prior levonorgestrel intrauterine device use at the time of embryo transfer
Authors: Vanderhoff Anna , Lanes Andrea , Ginsburg Elizabeth
Published: November 2024

Our objective is to investigate whether infertile women with a history of levonorgestrel intrauterine device (LNG IUD) use have impaired endometrial growth and pregnancy rates after embryo transfer. This is a retrospective cohort study at a single academic medical center of infertile women aged 18–44 with a history of LNG IUD use undergoing their first embryo transfer cycle between January 2019 and January 2021 compared to controls with a history of no prior birth control use (NONE) or prior oral contraceptive (OCP) use. The primary outcome is endometrial thickness prior to embryo transfer. Secondary outcomes are embryo transfer results, including implantation, miscarriage and live birth. Demographic, baseline and cycle characteristics were similar among the three groups. Women with a history of LNG IUD use had thinner endometrial stripes than women with a history of NONE (LNG IUD: 8.93 mm, NONE: 10.32 mm (aRR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.80–0.97)) but not when compared to women with a history of OCP use (OCP: 9.61 mm (aRR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.84–1.01)). Women with a history of LNG IUD use had slightly higher implantation rates than those with NONE history (LNG IUD: 43.37%, NONE: 24.17% (relative risk (RR): 1.79, 95% CI: 1.21–2.45)), though not when compared to prior OCP users (OCP: 38.72% (RR: 1.12, 95% CI: 0.86–1.47)). The remainder of the embryo transfer outcomes were similar among the three groups. In conclusion, prior LNG IUD users have a reduced endometrial thickness at the time of embryo transfer but do not have worse pregnancy outcomes.

Lay summary

LNG IUDs (brand names include Mirena, Liletta and Skyla) are some of the most widely used forms of birth control. While these devices are safe and are generally not believed to impact fertility, a few recent articles have suggested the possibility of a long-term impact of prior intrauterine device use on the uterine lining in some patients. As such, we sought to examine uterine lining growth and outcomes of assisted reproduction in an infertile patient population with a history of LNG IUD use compared to infertile women without a history of LNG IUD use. Ultimately, we found that women with a history of LNG IUD use had less uterine lining growth during assisted reproduction cycles, but that they did not have worse pregnancy outcomes when compared to women without a history of levonorgestrel device use.
Literatur
Authors: Rezensionen Aktuelle
Published: November 2024

Altmeppen, Klaus-Dieter; Nölleke-Przybylski, Pamela; Klinghardt, Korbinian; Zimmermann, Anna (Hrsg.): Digitale Medienökonomie, Baden-Baden 2023
Grenzen des digitalen Abo-Wachstums
Authors: Breyer-Mayländer Thomas
Published: November 2024

Das aufgelöste Leistungsbündel Zeitung steht mit den digitalen Einzelbestandteilen Rubriken-, Werbegeschäft und redaktionellen Produkten in hartem Wettbewerb. Eine Analyse der Verlagspraxis zeigt, dass die Unternehmen auf Sättigungseffekte beim digitalen Abonnementwachstum mit der Etablierung eines abteilungsübergreifenden Retention-Managements sowie einer kontinuierlichen Weiterentwicklung der Geschäftsmodelle reagieren. Dies setzt jedoch funktions- und hierarchieübergreifend eigenverantwortliches unternehmerisches Handeln im Sinne eines Entrepreneurial Leadership voraus.
СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ГАЗОНОВЕДЕНИЯ И ПУТИ СОЗДАНИЯ УСТОЙЧИВЫХ ДЕРНОВЫХ ПОКРЫТИЙ
Authors: Г.А. ЗУЕВА
Published: November 2024

Проведен анализ литературных данных по различным направлениям развития газоноведения в зарубежной и отечественной науке и рассмотрены общие принципы формирования модельных травосмесей для выращивания газонов высокого качества. В ходе многолетних исследований особенностей дернообразующих злаков на экспериментальном участке ЦСБС СО РАН нами были смоделированы травосмеси для декоративных и спортивных газонов и дерновых покрытий специального назначения. Подчеркнуто, что совокупность норм и правил составления модельных травосмесей с учетом эколого-биологических особенностей входящих в них видов растений, мероприятия по созданию газонных покрытий и поддержанию устойчивого травостоя в условиях конкретного географического района являются научной основой газоноведения.

The analysis of the literature data on various areas of development of lawn science in foreign and domestic science is given and the general principles of the formation of model grass mixtures for growing lawns of high quality are considered. In the course of long-term studies of the characteristics of sod-forming cereals, grass mixtures for decorative and sports lawns and turf coverings of special significance were modeled. A set of norms and rules for the compilation of model grass mixtures, taking into account the ecological and biological characteristics of the plant species included in them, measures to create lawn coverings and maintain a stable grass stand in a specific georgafic area - is the scientific basis of lawn science.
СТЕПИ ТЫВЫ: СИНТАКСОНОМИЯ И ФИТОЦЕНОТИЧЕСКАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА
Authors: Н.И. МАКУНИНА
Published: November 2024

В Тыве выявлено 18 основных типов степных сообществ. Они отнесены к 16 ассоциациям флористической классификации (одна из них состоит из трех субассоциаций), входящим в состав двух классов: Cleistogenetea squarrosae и Stipetea glareosae-gobicae. В рамках эколого-фитоценотической классификации основные типы степных сообществ распределены по 29 формациям, 15 группам формаций из 4 классов формаций: луговых, настоящих, опустыненных и криофитных степей. Полного соответствия ассоциаций флористической классификации единицам какого-либо одного иерархического уровня эколого-фитоценотической классификации нет. Фитоценотическая характеристика основных типов степных сообществ содержит информацию о флористических особенностях, структуре, видовой насыщенности луговых, крупнодерновинных, стоповидноосоково-мелкодерновинных, мелкодерновинных, петрофитных мелкодерновинных, нанофитоновых опустыненных, галечноковыльковых опустыненных и восточноковыльковых опустыненных степей. Составлен продромус степей Тывы, представлены краткие характеристики всех единиц флористической классификации, впервые приводятся описания 1 нового союза и 7 новых ассоциаций.

18 basic steppe units have been identified in Tyva, they represent widespread typical steppe communities. Within the framework of floristic classification, they refer to 16 associations and 3 subassociations of classes Cleistogenetea squarrosae and Stipetea glareosae-gobicae. Within the framework of phytocoenotic classification, the main types of steppe communities have been included into 29 formations, 15 groups of formations from 4 classes of formations: meadow, bunchgrass, desert and cryophytic steppes. No full compliance of associations of floristic classification and units of any one hierarchical level of phytocoenotic classification has been found. The phytocoenotic characteristics of basic steppe types provide information about the floristic features, structure, and species richness of following units: meadow steppes, tussock steppes, bunchgrass steppes with Carex pediformis, petrophytic bunchgrass steppes, bunchgrass steppes, desert steppes with Nanophyton grubovii, desert steppes with Stipa glareosa, desert steppes with Stipa orientalis. The prodromus of the steppes of Tyva has been compiled, a brief description of all units of floristic classification and description of 1 new alliance and 7 new associations have been given.
Hagiotoponyms: A Special Case of Reflection of Mental Capacity in Geographical Names
Authors: Bugaeva Irina
Published: November 2024

This article is dedicated to the analysis of the sacred toponyrnics as a means of expression of religious world-view. The definitions of mentality and mental capacity remain speculative. However, one important component is absent in all available interpretations. That is the religious component. In the article, the correlation of hagiotoponyms and sacred toponyms is examined, and illustrated by examples from literature and spoken language.  Specifications of defining the terms hagionym. hagiotoponym. hagioanthroponym are provided; for the first time the definition of festonym as a term is given, which describes celebrations in the structure of onomastics. The author comes to the conclusion that the sacred toponyrnics are made by hagiotoponyms going down to theonyms and hagioanthroponyms in their origin, as well as precedent toponyms containing a religious semantic part in their structure. All toponyms going under the category of sacred toponymics have a lexical background, i. e. knowledge which is necessary for adequate understanding of religious texts.
Speech Acts in the Discourse of Political Confrontation (on the Material of the British Press in 2004-2005)
Authors: Slobodianik Natalija
Published: November 2024

The present research investigates the election discourse in Great Britain in 2004-2005 on the basis of speech act theory. The election discourse is the discourse of confrontation by definition as it reflects the position of the sides which both see elections in terms of war. The results of the investigation reveal that the most frequent speech act in this type of discourse is the speech act of evaluation, which is performed not directly (through the use of evaluative words) but through other speech acts which require inference on the part of the listener.
The 2nd International Conference on Cognitive Linguistics
Authors: Skrebtsova Tatjana
Published: November 2024

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Evocation and Exemplification (On Typology of Verbalization in Fiction)
Authors: Zaika Vladimir
Published: November 2024

The article discusses the problem of verbai embodiment of an artistic idea in the text. The notion of expression, which is a relation between the idea and the text, is realized as the notion of aesthetical realization of language. Making reference to the claims of M. A Petrovskij, the author uses the terms of representation and expression to differentiate artistic language and practical speech. The specificity of artistic embodiment of the idea lies in the impossibility to re-express it in a different form. Therefore, any artistic embodiment is defined as a representation being in relation of opposition to the other mode of verbai embodiment - expression in a non fiction communication. The article proposes the typology of representation as a way of embodiment of a poetical object. The typology as well as the redefining of the notion of expression was needed to develop the notion of an artistic model, which emphasizes the equal value of the depicted reality, narrating subject and language. Two types of representation were distinguished: mediatory when the poetical object is denoted and represented through the semantics of a word; non mediatory when the embodiment is realized through the immediate plan of expression because of its similarity (exemplification) or its adjacency (evocation) to the depicted object. The article presents different methods of exemplification and evocation realized in poetical language and prose.
Announce
Authors: Makarova Viktorija
Published: November 2024

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Low-energy trauma causing multiple cervical fracture: a case report
Authors: caravantes Ricardo , Quezada Andres , Jimenez Luis
Published: November 2024

While cervical spine injuries account for only 3% of trauma cases, they represent a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, largely due to the spinal cord's crucial role in nervous innervation and its vulnerability in high-impact trauma. This case report details the presentation, diagnosis, and management of a 38-year-old male who sustained multiple cervical fractures following a fall into an empty pool. Initial symptoms included severe neck pain and headache, with an X-ray suggesting cervical fracture. Computed tomography (CT) confirmed fractures at C5, C6, and C7. This case underscores the importance of prompt and accurate imaging for managing cervical spine injuries and highlights the need for advanced diagnostic techniques beyond initial X-rays
Implementation of Immunization Services Through a Pediatric Urgent Care Clinic
Authors: Gordon David M. , Vega Tonia , Aulakh Sabreen , Bhargava-Shah Aarohi , Bardach Naomi S. , Jain Shonul
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Pediatric urgent care (PUC) centers may bolster immunization campaigns by offering vaccination during acute care visits, but few such programs have been described.

METHODS

We conducted a quality improvement initiative at an academically affiliated federally qualified health center that provides primary, specialty, and PUC services to children. Our PUC began offering routine immunizations in July 2020. The percentage of visits by eligible patients age ≤21 years during which immunization screening (process) and administration (outcome) occurred was measured from March 1, 2021, to February 19, 2023. Administration rates were measured across age, sex, race, language, and medical home groups. Data were analyzed with statistical process control methods. Grievance and adverse event data were monitored (balancing).

RESULTS

We completed 4 plan-do-study-act cycles. Provider-facing bundles that included training, decision support, electronic health record signaling, and financial incentives were not associated with meaningful changes in screening and administration (cycles 1–3). A dedicated nurse vaccinator (DNV) was added on October 31, 2022 (cycle 4). The mean screening rate increased from 44.7% to 67.4% during the DNV period, and the mean administration rate increased from 26.5% to 50.8%. Lower administration rates were observed during visits by Black and English-speaking patients, and by patients empaneled outside our site.

CONCLUSIONS

Provider-facing interventions alone were not effective at increasing vaccine screening and administration in our PUC, but marked improvement was observed with the addition of a DNV. Future interventions are needed to address disparities. Additional investigation is needed to determine whether our results are reproducible in other PUCs with access to vaccines.