bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving Digital Satellite Image for security purposes
Authors: Hamdan Ali Huda
Published: March 2024

Satellite imagery is employed in many different fields of study. These pictures have serious quality problems. Image enhancement algorithms, however, can improve it in terms of contrast, brightness, feature elimination from noise contents, etc. These algorithms present and analyse the picture's properties by sharpening, focusing, or smoothing the image. Therefore, the specific application determines the goal of picture enhancement. This paper briefly overviews picture enhancement methods that produce optimal and progressive outcomes for satellite images used for secured remote sensing. To do this, various image enhancement techniques are used, which are widely used today to improve image quality across various image processing applications. Some commonly used image enhancement techniques include spatial filtering, contrast stretching, and histogram equalisation. These techniques aim to enhance the visual quality of satellite images by adjusting brightness and contrast and reducing noise. These methods can also improve the interpretability of the images for remote sensing purposes. The enhancement of satellite images finds use in several fields, particularly security. It is essential for security applications, including threat detection, border control, and surveillance. Security professionals may more effectively analyse and understand data to spot any dangers or questionable activity by boosting the visual details and general quality.
 
Keywords: Satellite image analysis; mean filter; secured application; SVM; wavelet transformation
A Biologically Degradable and Bioseniatic Feedstock for the High-Quality 3D Printing of Medical Illustrations
Authors: Bledsoe Joshua , Gilleland Brad , Wright Austin , White Evan , Crane Grant , Herron Christopher , Locklin Jason , Ritchie Branson
Published: March 2024

A Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHHx) -based filament was evaluated as an alternative feedstock for Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) of instructional and clinical medical specimens. PHBHHx-based prints of domestic cat vertebra, skull bone, and an aortic arch cast were found comparable to conventional materials. PHBHHx-based filament and extrudate samples were evaluated for biological degradability, to meet the BioseniaticTM standard defined by the University of Georgia’s New Materials Institute. Both samples achieved more than 90% mineralization within 32 days in industrial composting conditions.
Behind the Image - Cerebral Reflections
Authors: Larraguibel David
Published: March 2024

Forensic photography technologist David Larraguibel was invited to explain the process behind his photograph entitled Cerebral Reflections, winner of the BioCommunications BioImages 2022 Premiere Award in the Biomedical - Human & Animal category. Larraguibel details his background in photography, the technical environment, and his work doing forensic postmortem photography (FPM) as it applies to medico-legal postmortem examination.
Empowerment at the Crossroads: Opportunity as a Mediator in the Nexus Between Micro Financial Services and Women's Economic Wellbeing, Moderated by Vulnerability
Authors: Yasmeen Raqia , Sajjad Ali , Kiran Hafiza Sana , Shakil Muhammad Haseeb , Rasheed Qurat-ul-ain
Published: March 2024

Women’s empowerment is globally recognized, with economic empowerment being a key aspect—enabling decision-making, income growth, and asset ownership. This study investigates the mediating role of opportunity and microfinance elements, along with social capital, in enhancing women’s economic empowerment. Data was collected from 205 female clients across three microfinance banks in Pakistan using closed-ended questionnaires. Employing Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), the study reveals strong positive correlations between women entrepreneurs’ sales performance and their ability to secure loans, acquire new skills, and establish networks. Social capital plays a pivotal role in boosting business outcomes. The relationship between loan availability, savings, skill development, social capital, and bonding is mediated by opportunities for business improvement. Vulnerability moderates the relationship between opportunity and women entrepreneurs’ sales success, allowing for business expansion. Microfinance components positively impact women’s economic empowerment.
PELATIHAN GURU PAUD DALAM PENGGUNAAN APLIKASI EDUKASI INTERAKTIF UNTUK PENINGKATAN KUALITAS PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Alamin Zumhur , Lukman Lukman , Missouri Randitha , Annafi Nurfidianty , Mutmainah Siti , Khairunnas Khairunnas , Fathir Fathir
Published: March 2024

Program pelatihan untuk guru pendidikan anak usia dini (PAUD) dalam penggunaan aplikasi edukasi interaktif telah menunjukkan dampak positif yang signifikan pada kompetensi guru dan kualitas pembelajaran di tingkat PAUD. Melalui metode pelatihan yang interaktif dan praktis, guru-guru PAUD memperoleh pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang penggunaan aplikasi seperti Bandicam dan Canva untuk menciptakan pengalaman belajar yang menarik dan relevan bagi siswa-siswi mereka. Evaluasi terhadap umpan balik peserta pelatihan mengungkapkan kepuasan yang tinggi dan peningkatan yang signifikan dalam keterampilan teknologi guru-guru PAUD. Meskipun beberapa tantangan dihadapi selama pelaksanaan pelatihan, seperti batasan waktu dan tingkat keterampilan teknologi yang bervariasi di antara peserta, upaya mitigasi berhasil mengatasi kendala tersebut. Implikasi dari program pelatihan ini adalah peningkatan kualitas pembelajaran di tingkat PAUD melalui integrasi teknologi pendidikan interaktif. Program ini memiliki potensi untuk memberikan manfaat jangka panjang dalam meningkatkan pendidikan anak usia dini.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MISKIN PEDESAAN BERBASIS PENGUATAN MENTAL SPIRITUAL DI DESA KASIHAN KECAMATAN TEGALOMBO KABUPATEN PACITAN
Authors: Suprayitno Kabul
Published: March 2024

Program pemberdayaan masyarakat miskin di Desa Kasihan mengadopsi pendekatan holistik dengan fokus pada penguatan mental dan spiritual. Kegiatan melibatkan identifikasi masalah, pelatihan, pendampingan, pembentukan kelompok, dan pengembangan program swadaya. Hasilnya mencakup perubahan positif pada tingkat mental dan spiritual, meningkatkan kemandirian, dan menginspirasi desa-desa lain. Terima kasih Kepala Desa Kasihan atas dukungan. Program ini membuktikan bahwa pemberdayaan holistik dapat membawa perubahan positif bagi masyarakat miskin di pedesaan..
MORPHOLOGICAL BLOOD INDICATORS AND LEVEL OF PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES IN CLINICALLY HEALTHY COWS AND THOSE WITH POSTPARTUM METRITIS
Authors:   FSBSI All-Russian Veterinary Research Institute of Pathology, Pharmacology and Therapy, Skorikov V.N. , Mikhalev V.I. ,   FSBSI All-Russian Veterinary Research Institute of Pathology, Pharmacology and Therapy, Chusova G.G. ,   FSBSI All-Russian Veterinary Research Institute of Pathology, Pharmacology and Therapy, Akulova K.O. ,   FSBSI All-Russian Veterinary Research Institute of Pathology, Pharmacology and Therapy
Published: March 2024

A comparative assessment of the indicators of immunological resistance and the level of proinflammatory cytokines in cows with physiological and complicated postpartum period was carried out. It has been shown that in the animals with postpartum metritis, against the background of a decrease in immunological resistance, the production of proinflammatory cytokines 6-8 days after calving increases, INF-γ – by 23.0%, IL-2 – by 3.4 times (P<0.001), TNFα – by 2.7 times (P<0.001), which indicates the inflammatory process development, and in those who remained healthy, INF-γ decreases by 3.0%, IL-2 – by 1.4 times (P<0.01 ), TNFα – by 1.5 times (P<0.01), which indicates the physiological course of the postpartum period.
Malunion Right Base Proximal Phalanx Ring Finger: A Case Report
Authors: Astrayana I Gusti Agung Wiksa , Asmara AA Gde Yuda
Published: March 2024

Phalanx region has complex anatomical and functional unit with unique osseous, soft tissue, articular composition and adjacent structure. Trauma and injury of this complex biologic phalanx may impact functional system significantly leading to pain, instability and stiffness or limit the range of motion. Corrective derotational osteotomy for malunion fracture in phalanx are challenging procedure by unique anatomy This case present about 17-year-old female patients came to Policlinic Department of Sanglah Hospital with Malunion Right Proximal Phalanx Ring Finger. Patient treated with Osteotomy Derotational and Open Reduction Internal Fixation Plate Screw.

Keywords: Malunion, Proximal Phalanx, Ring Finger, Derotational Osteotomy, Surgery
Correlation between Maternal Culture and Knowledge Towards Complementary Feeding for Breast Milk in Pampang Village, Kayong District
Authors: Afritasari Sofia , Qomariah Siti , . Suryani
Published: March 2024

Nutritional problems are one of the main causes of high morbidity and mortality rates in children. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that about 54% of infant and child deaths are caused by malnutrition. Nutritional problems in Indonesia result in more than 80% of child deaths. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between maternal culture and knowledge with complementary feeding for breast milk. Crossectional research method with quantitative method with a population of 147 mothers. The sample of this study was 30 mothers who had infant in Pampang village, Kayong District 2023 with proportional sampling techniques. The data analysis method uses a chi-square test with SPSS. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between culture and complementary feeding with a p-value = 0.031 and a significant correlation between maternal knowledge and complementary feeding with p-value of 0.026.

Keywords: breast milk, culture, complementary feeding, knowledge
(Part-3) E-Learning Management- A Modern Approach to Digital India & Challenges in 21st Century
Authors: Ganesh Dr K.
Published: March 2024

(Part-3) E-Learning Management- A Modern Approach to Digital India & Challenges in 21st Century
Sin contextos para retornos, sin contextos para tránsitos: Movilidades permanentes
Authors:   El Colegio de Michoacán, Mojica Madrigal Ariel
Published: March 2024

Las últimas dos décadas han sido complicadas para México, en términos de política migratoria. Después de 2008, con la crisis económica en Estados Unidos, se llevaron a cabo de forma importante procesos de deportación como parte de las acciones para hacer frente a la crisis económica; algo similar a lo ocurrido 80 años atrás (Alanís, 2015). En 2010, se dio la crisis migratoria haitiana en Baja California; entre 2012-2015, fueron los desplazamientos de Estados como Michoacán, Guerrero, Chihuahua, producto de las violencias internas. En esos mismos años, se visibiliza la migración infantil en la frontera México-Estados Unidos, y una nueva crisis se destapó: la de niños y niñas con y sin acompañante. Entre 2019-2021, las caravanas desde Centroamérica pusieron a prueba el sistema migratorio mexicano, visibilizaron nuevas formas de movilización en grandes grupos. Entre los años de las caravanas, también se incorporaron de nueva cuenta migrantes haitianos y la entrada de venezolanos, africanos, además de migrantes de Oriente Medio. Han sido años de crisis y de acciones generadas para atenderlas o tratar de hacerlo. Sin embargo, han sido también eventos que han evidenciado la falta de acciones y propuestas estructurales hacía población migrante, sean nacionales o internacionales. Así, el presente capítulo se centra en la migración en tránsito de 2018-2021, en las dificultades encontradas en los contextos de movilidad bajo políticas de permanecer en casa, y donde las violencias inciden en la decisión de migrar.
Migración internacional de retorno y reinserción en entornos rurales y urbanos del Estado de México
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Salas Alfaro Renato , Baca Tavira Norma ,   Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México
Published: March 2024

Este trabajo revisa diversos problemas que enfrentan los migrantes que retornan del extranjero y que buscan la reinserción en sus localidades. Se toman como referencia los testimonios de migrantes que retornaron hacia localidades rurales y urbanas del Estado de México. Es un estudio cualitativo, se sustenta en los testimonios de algunos migrantes que fueron entrevistados a profundidad. La idea subyacente es que los retornados traen consigo diversas experiencias y conocimientos laborales, habilidades personales y otros rasgos que podrían permitirles su reinserción. No obstante, las evidencias muestran que no todos logran emplear estos recursos, y que buena parte de ellos portan conocimiento y habilidades de baja calidad. A los actores que traen conocimientos laborales de mayor calificación, el entorno no les permite ejercer lo que saben hacer, no encuentran dónde desplegarlo, les pagan poco; no encuentran apoyos para emprender pequeños negocios. En algunos casos existe separación familiar, y eso afecta su reinserción. Incluso, algunos retornados no desean vivir de lo mismo que desempeñaban en el extranjero, entre otras.
Migración e inclusión/exclusión territorial: La deuda como forma de acceso a la vivienda de la población migrante en EUA
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Pardo Montaño Ana Melisa
Published: March 2024

Esta investigación se centra en la relación entre inclusión territorial y la migración, en particular, en la migración que tiene como origen México y, como destino, Estados Unidos. El elemento central para el análisis de la inclusión de la población migrante en Estados Unidos que se quiere desarrollar tiene que ver con las formas de acceso a la vivienda a través de la deuda, por parte de la población migrante en Estados Unidos, lo que permite un acercamiento al concepto de inclusión territorial. Se considera el tema del acceso a la vivienda no sólo por la poca información que hay al respecto, sino porque si se hace referencia específica a la migración hacia Estados Unidos, precisamente en este destino, la vivienda constituye el mayor gasto para muchos hogares. Tomando en cuenta lo anterior, el objetivo principal del presente capítulo es analizar las prácticas de inclusión-exclusión territorial hacia la población mexicana en Estados Unidos, enfatizando en el acceso a la vivienda como uno de los principales factores para entender dicha inclusión. Para cumplir con el objetivo propuesto, se retoma información de La Coalición Nacional de Reinversión Comunitaria de 2019. El capítulo se encuentra dividido en dos grandes apartados. En el primero se discuten como inclusión territorial, financiarización de la vida cotidiana y endeudamiento; mientras que en la segunda parte se muestra cómo la población migrante en Estados Unidos accede a préstamos hipotecarios como única forma para poder adquirir una vivienda.
Elementos del maltrato de las personas adultas mayores en un contexto migratorio: Un tamizaje regional
Authors:   El Colegio de Michoacán, López Castro Gustavo , Ceja Fernández Alejandra ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Published: March 2024

El capítulo presenta los resultados de un estudio sobre el maltrato en personas adultas mayores, en un contexto migratorio en tres localidades de Michoacán. El objetivo del estudio es visibilizar este fenómeno y contribuir a la investigación sobre el tema. Se utilizó un cuestionario diseñado por el Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública con preguntas adicionales relacionadas con la migración. Los resultados muestran que las personas mayores que han tenido experiencias migratorias internacionales tienen un mayor riesgo de sufrir maltrato y abuso, lo que se atribuye a factores como la falta de apoyo social, la discriminación y la vulnerabilidad económica. Se concluye que se necesitan medidas preventivas para proteger a esta población vulnerable, incluyendo programas de apoyo social y económico, así como campañas de concientización sobre el maltrato en las personas adultas mayores. En general, el estudio destaca la importancia de considerar el contexto migratorio al investigar el maltrato en las personas adultas mayores y aboga por una mayor atención a esta población vulnerable.
Temas metropolitanos selectos: Territorio, derechos urbanos y vivienda
Authors: Acosta Pérez Eva , Argüello Ortiz Ángel Fernando , Barbosa Soares Clara , Chong Garduño María Concepción , Do Vale Cabral Gabriela , García García Eunice del Carmen , García Jiménez Luisyvania Auxiliadora , González Montiel Margarita Beatriz , Hernández González Darío Fabián , Higueras García Ester , Lo Giudice Emmanuele , Linares de la O Denis , Lira dos Anjos Kainara , Martí Capitanachi Daniel Rolando , Martínez Olivarez Pedro , Melgarejo Ochoa Ezequiel , Miller Brock Jeff , Moneo Feduchi Belén , Muñoz Hernández Anabell , Pozo Menéndez Elisa , Ríos Aburto Erika Viridiana , Rodríguez Hernández Leonardo Daniel , Sánchez García Ángel Juan , Sánchez García Juan Andrés , Segura Contreras Ramón Guillermo , Uehara Guerrero Ma Guadalupe Noemi , Valença Maria Eugênia , Velázquez Ruiz Arturo
Published: March 2024

El libro explora procesos y fenómenos urbano-arquitectónicos que se cuestionan a través de problemáticas complejas que acontecen en diferentes regiones metropolitanas a nivel nacional e internacional. La manera de aproximarse a la comprensión del territorio es visualizando los intereses económicos, sociales, culturales, entre otros, así como las perspectivas que desembocan en visiones o maneras de analizar las ciudades. La visión académica adecua la detección de problemas y procesos metodológicos en la investigación para cuestionar los procesos en las ciudades, así como las maneras de argumentar posibles soluciones que ayuden a comprender de mejor forma el impacto del contexto urbano en el hábitat de las personas, y que estén enfocadas en tres directrices: territorio, derechos urbanos y vivienda, que en su conjunto construyen el desarrollo de las zonas metropolitanas. Esta obra recopila una serie de investigaciones académicas de diferentes universidades internacionales y nacionales que cuestionan, valoran, intervienen y proponen diferentes panoramas en regiones cuyas problemáticas acentúan circunstancias y contingencias emergentes para el desarrollo social, económico, sostenible, habitacional, las cuales articulan puntos de reflexión para la construcción de calidad de vida en zonas metropolitanas.
Analysis of patent and scientific literature in the field of hydraulic fracturing
Authors:   State budgetary educational institution of higher education «Almetyevsk State Petroleum Institute», Almetyevsk, Republic  of Tatarstan, Khuzina L.B. , Lyubimova S.V. ,   State budgetary educational institution of higher education «Almetyevsk State Petroleum Institute», Almetyevsk, Republic  of Tatarstan, Fattakhov I.G. ,   Tatar Research and Design Institute of Oil (TatNIPIneft) of the public joint-stock company «Tatneft» named after V.D. Shashin, Almetyevsk, Republic  of Tatarstan
Published: March 2024

The article searches and analyzes patent and scientific literature in the field of application of hydraulic fracturing technologies. A review and analysis of publications from open sources is presented, in which articles and abstracts on technologies used during hydraulic fracturing were published. As a result, leading journals were identified that presented publications on applied hydraulic fracturing technologies. The leaders in the publication of articles related to hydraulic fracturing technologies are: Bulletin of Science, Exposition “Oil, Gas”. A search and analysis of patent documentation for hydraulic fracturing technologies that are directly used in the Russian Federation was also carried out. Patent analysis showed that the main patent holder for technologies used during hydraulic fracturing in the Russian Federation is the Public Joint Stock Company Tatneft named after V.D. Shashin. This analysis will allow us to assess the potential of solutions proposed by scientific and industrial teams in the field of hydraulic fracturing.
Analisis Manajemen Persediaan Obat Di Rumah Sakit Muhammadiyah Gresik Dengan Metode ABC dan EOQ
Authors: Ervianti Oktavina , Kartika Sari Ratna , Rachmadana Divya
Published: March 2024

This study aims to improve the efficiency of inventory management at Muhammadiyah Gresik Hospital through a descriptive qualitative approach by applying ABC analysis, and EOQ analysis. This method aims to identify, categorize, and optimize inventory management to increase productivity and reduce costs. First, ABC analysis is used to group inventory items based on their level of contribution to the total inventory value. The results of the study show the identification of goods that have a significant impact on availability and profitability. With this understanding, management can focus on key items that require special attention. Furthermore, EOQ (Economic Order Quantity) analysis is used to determine the optimal order quantity so that total inventory costs (order costs, storage costs, and inventory shortage costs) can be minimized. The implementation of EOQ helps avoid overstock or understock, improve operational efficiency, and optimize resource allocation. Related to the results of the research discussion conducted, the implementation of ABC analysis, EOQ is expected to increase operational efficiency, reduce inventory costs. This research provides a foundation for hospitals and similar health institutions to improve inventory management practices.
Digital Marketing Analysis of Mie Gacoan Customer at Jakarta Using RFM and K-Means Clustering Methode
Authors: Alghifari Suhardi Fitra , Saputro Andi , Sri Nugroho Amanda , Heikal Jerry
Published: March 2024

PT. Pesta Pora Abadi or Mie Gacoan is an Indonesian company within the Food and Beverages industry that produces food using noodles. Mie Gacoan is currently thriving with hype and sales, and with those momentum supporting them, they want to take advantage of this moment to expand their business by analysing their customer to market more their products, but they still don’t know Segmentasi is a process of knowing customer characteristics to get profitable customers for the company. Segmentasi will be done by grouping the customers into x categories. This study aims to combine K-means clustering and RFM to analyze the customer segmentation of Mie Gacoan. This customer characteristics will help Mie Gacoan in decision making to prioritize their energy and resources to potential customers or profitable customers.
Assessment of the association of the rs12329760 polymorphism of the TMPRSS2 gene with acute coronary syndrome in patients with new coronavirus infection
Authors: Kozik V. A. , Shpagina L. A. , Shpagin I. S. , Maksimova S. V. , Lozhkina N. G. , Maksimov V. N.
Published: March 2024

Introduction. Cardiovascular diseases (СVD) rank first in terms of morbidity and mortality not only in the Russian Federation but throughout the world. Since the end of 2019 a pandemic of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) or new coronavirus infection (NCI) has spread throughout the world, which contributed to the development and course of CVD. Therefore, genetic markers began to be considered as factors potentially influencing CVD, its development and severity. Objective: To evaluate the association of the nucleotide sequence variant rs12329760 of the TMPRSS2 gene with acute coronary syndrome in patients who have had a new coronavirus infection.

Material and methods. The study included 100 patients (women – 50, men – 50) with ACS and previous NCI, who were selected on the basis of a positive PCR test for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the anamnesis, hospitalized at the regional vascular center No. 7 of the City Clinical Hospital No. 2 of the city of Novosibirsk. Women age was 59.5 ± 7.2 years, men age was 53.5 ± 9.3 years. The diagnosis of ACS was established according to a set of criteria proposed and established by the Russian Society of Cardiology and in accordance with the updated clinical recommendations of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation of 2020. Patients underwent clinical and instrumental examination, coronary angiography with possible stenting, as provided for in the standards of medical care and clinical guidelines. The nucleotide sequence variant rs12329760 of the TMPSS2 gene was determined in patients using PCR with further analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism. The comparison group consisted of 200 patients with ACS without previous NCI (no positive PCR test, no positive antibodies).

Results. Carriage of CC, СТ, TT, genotype variants of the nucleotide sequence rs12329760 of the TMPSS2 gene are not associated with an increased risk of developing ACS in patients with previous NCI. When comparing the frequencies of the rs12329760 genotypes of the TMPSS2 gene in groups with ACS with NCI and ACS without NCI, no statistically significant differences were obtained. In the group with ACS with NCI, carriage of the homozygous genotype was more common (p = 0.011).

Conclusions. Variants of the nucleotide sequence rs12329760 of the TMPSS2 gene are  not associated with  ACS with previous  NCI.
Development of Self-Passivating, High Strength Ferritic Alloys for CSP and TES Application
Authors: Aarab Fadoua , Kuhn Bernd
Published: March 2024

The addition of aluminum to ferritic stainless steels can result in self-passivation by the formation of a compact Al2O3 top layer, which exhibits significantly higher corrosion resistance to solar salt compared to a Cr2O3 surface layer. The development and qualification of realistic experimental methods for fatigue testing under superimposed salt corrosion attack will enable safe component design. Salt corrosion experiments were carried out at 600 °C with and without mechanical fatigue loading at a novel, self-passivating trial steel, using “solar salt” (60 wt.% NaNO3 and 40 wt.% KNO3). Cyclic salt corrosion tests at 600 °C under flowing synthetic air (without mechanical loading) showed that self-passivation to molten salt attack and mechanical strengthening by precipitation of fine Laves phase particles is possible in novel ferritic HiperFerSCR (Salt Corrosion Resistant) steel. A compact, continuous Al2O3 layer was formed on the surface of the model alloys with Al contents of 5 wt.% and higher. A distribution of fine, strengthening Laves phase precipitates was achieved in the metal matrix.
Heat Transfer of an Integrated Counterflow Ceramic Heat Exchanger
Authors: Yu Wenhua , France David M. , Erck Robert A. , Singh Dileep
Published: March 2024

The ceramic-based heat exchanger is one of the leading contenders for high-efficiency concentrating solar power plants using a molten salt heat transfer fluid and a supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton power cycle operating at temperatures above 700 °C due to the excellent resistance of ceramics to corrosion, oxidation, erosion, creep, and fouling. In the present study, the thermal performance of a ceramic silicon carbide prototype heat exchanger, with semi-elliptical heat transfer channels, integrated header channels, and a counterflow configuration fabricated by using binder jetting additive manufacturing, was experimentally investigated. Experimental heat transfer tests of the prototype were conducted at high temperatures and under various test fluid flow rates and inlet temperatures. The experimental heat transfer rates compared favorably with simulation predictions.
Environmental decision support: rare events, monitoring and inversion, and uncertainty quantification
Authors: Jonathan Philip
Published: March 2024

Environmental data science offers the opportunity to combine theory and measurement in characterising our natural environment rationally and quantitatively, to understand its evolution, and to take decisions regarding our interactions with it wisely in the presence of uncertainty. The practical challenge is to develop and adapt ideas from statistical theory and method to address complex problems in the natural environment in a physically realistic manner, creating useful tools to quantify risk, and support real-world decision making.

Characterising rare events from observations is problematic by definition, since their rate of occurrence is low. In an environmental context, we discuss how extreme value theory is used to understand extreme ocean storms, floods, heat-waves and earthquakes. Practical application of extreme value methods numerous significant challenges, including the estimation of extreme value threshold, non-stationarity with respect to multiple covariates, and reliable characterisation of extremal dependence. These challenges become ever more acute as the numbers of responses and covariates increase. Given observational data for thousands of variables of interest in some applications, the computational complexity of extreme value analysis is enormous.

Remote sensing technologies including satellite, airborne, line-of-site and point) provide observations of the earth’s atmosphere and surface at different scales and resolutions. We discuss how these data sources are used in statistical models to detect, locate and quantify sources of natural and manmade methane and carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere, and to monitor atmospheric concentrations within specific domains.

Bayesian inference provides a natural framework for learning about large-scale physical systems, to quantify uncertainty in predictions regarding those systems, and to facilitate optimal decision-making. We discuss how the computational complexity of practical inference is managed by the adoption of suitable modelling frameworks and efficient numerical schemes.
The Air-Conditioning Paradox: Protecting Vulnerable Populations from Extreme Heat
Authors: Sanders Kelly Twomey
Published: March 2024

Over 50% of people worldwide live in urban areas, and by 2050 this fraction is expected to increase to 70%. Meanwhile, extreme heat events are increasing in frequency and intensity, posing a human health risk for urbanites.

As extreme heat is the leading cause of weather-related fatalities, research that helps identify the populations that are most vulnerable to extreme heat is urgently needed. While access to air conditioning (AC) is one of the most important adaptive technologies to protect people from heat, AC usage requires vast amounts of electricity that can exacerbate warming, both locally and globally, creating a policy paradox. We also have a very limited understanding of trends in AC access and usage, making it difficult to reach the most populations most vulnerable to extreme heat.

This presentation will describe a body of work dedicated to building a more quantitative understanding of heat vulnerabilities across the Southern California region via novel methods of estimating AC penetration rates and anthropogenic heat.
Differentiable Physics Simulations for Deep Learning
Authors: Thürey Nils
Published: March 2024

This talk focuses on the possibilities that arise from recent advances in the area of deep learning for physical simulations. In particular, it will focus on differentiable physics solvers from the larger field of differentiable programming. These solvers provide crucial information for deep learning tasks in the form of gradients, which are especially important for time-dependent processes. Also, existing numerical methods for efficient solvers can be leveraged within learning tasks. This paves the way for hybrid solvers in which traditional methods work alongside pre-trained neural network components. The resulting improvements will be illustrated with examples such as wake flows and turbulence mixing layer cases. From a machine learning perspective, regression problems with physics solvers are a highly interesting class of problems. I will conclude the talk by outlining avenues for custom learning algorithms that leverage the information from the solvers at training time.
Modelling and Controlling Turbulent Flows through Deep Learning
Authors: Vinuesa Ricardo
Published: March 2024

The advent of new powerful deep neural networks (DNNs) has fostered their application in a wide range of research areas, including more recently in fluid mechanics.

In this presentation, we will cover some of the fundamentals of deep learning applied to computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Furthermore, we explore the capabilities of DNNs to perform various predictions in turbulent flows: we will use convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for non-intrusive sensing, i.e. to predict the flow in a turbulent open channel based on quantities measured at the wall.

We show that it is possible to obtain very good flow predictions, outperforming traditional linear models, and we showcase the potential of transfer learning between friction Reynolds numbers of 180 and 550.
We also discuss other modelling methods based on autoencoders (AEs) and generative adversarial networks (GANs), and we present results of deep-reinforcement-learning-based flow control.
Continuous dependence of renormalized solution for convection-diffusion problems involving a nonlocal operator
Authors:   Université Nazi BONI, Laboratoire de Mathématiques, d'informatique et Applications (LaMIA), Burkina Faso, Dofyniwassouani Alain Houede , Adama Ouedraogo ,   Université Nazi BONI, Laboratoire de Mathématiques, Burkina Faso, Ibrahim Ly ,   Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Département de Mathématiques, Burkina Faso
Published: March 2024

In Ouédraogo A. et al (cf. [30]), it is provided existence and uniqueness results of L1-renormalized entropy solution for the Cauchy problem associated to the following vast class of nonlinear anisotropic degenerate parabolic-hyperbolic equations involving a nonlocal diffusion term:
\begin{equation*}\label{problem_(CP)}
\partial_{t}u+\nabla.F(u)-\displaystyle\sum_{i,j=1}^{N}\partial^{2}_{x_{i}x_{j}}A_{ij}(u)
-{\cal L}_{\mu}[u]= f(u) \hskip0.3 cm\hbox{in }\ \ Q=(0,T)\times \RR^N \ \text{with}\ T>0\ \text{and}\ N\geq 1.
\end{equation*}
Our goal is to complement this previous work with a continuous dependence result of the L1-solution with respect to the data set (F,a,μ,f, u0). The strategy is to follow the approach developed by Karlsen and Ulusoy in [28]. However, we must manage the difficulties due to the fact that we are working in the whole space RN with an only integrable initial datum u0 and the term source f depends on the unknown function u.
Mathematical analysis and numerical simulation of a strongly nonlinear singular model
Authors:   Laboratory LAMAI, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco, Maryem Hourri , Laila Taourirte ,   IBNOU ZOUHR University, ESEF Agadir, Morocco, Nour Eddine Alaa ,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Cadi Ayyad University, Morocco, Robert Dorin Filip ,   University of Craiova, Romania
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we are interested in the one-dimensional singular optimization problem with constraints:
\begin{equation*}
\text{Min}
\left\lbrace
\mathcal{J}(v) = \frac{1}{p} \displaystyle \int_{-1}^{1} \left| v_{x} \right|^p+ \ \frac{1}{\gamma-1} \displaystyle \int_{-1}^{1} v^{1-\gamma},\\
\\
v(\pm 1)=0 \ \text{and} \ v(0)=d
\right\rbrace,
\end{equation*}
where $1p\infty$, $1 \gamma \frac{2p-1}{p-1}$ and $d>0$.
In the first part of the paper, we show the existence of a critical value $d^{*}>0$ such that if $d \leq d^{*}$, $\mathcal{J}$ admits a minimum in a carefully chosen closed convex set of $W^{1,p}_{0}(-1,1)$.
The second part of the paper is dedicated to numerical simulations. We elaborate a numerical algorithm that transforms our constrained optimization problem into the solution of a system of ordinary differential equations. Illustrative examples are given to verify the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed numerical method to test the relevance of the proposed approach. We point out that the numerical results obtained are in good agreement with the physical phenomenon of pleated graphene in the particular case p=4 and $\gamma=9/5$ [12].
Neutrosophic Y-Cesàro summability of a sequence of order α, of neutrosophic random variables in probability
Authors:   Universidad de Antioquia, Colombia, Carlos Granados , Bright O. Osu ,   Abia State University, Uturu, Nigeria, Birojit Das ,   NIT Jalandhar, India
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we define the notions of neutrosophic $ \mathfrak{Y} $-Ces\`aro summability of a sequence of order $ \alpha $, neutrosophic $ \mathfrak{Y} $-lacunary statistical convergence of order $ \alpha $, neutrosophic strongly $ \mathfrak{Y} $-lacunary statistical convergence of order $ \alpha $ and neutrosophic strongly $ \mathfrak{Y} $-Ces\`aro summability of order $ \alpha $ in neutrosophic probability. Besides, we prove some relations among them.
Monitoramento epidemiológico espaçotemporal de SARS-CoV-2 no esgoto de Curitiba-PR
Authors: Barquilha Carlos Eduardo Rodrigues , Barcellos Demian da Silveira , Belmonte-Lopes Ricardo , Hoyos Nestor Leonel Muñoz , Razzolini Emanuel Luis , Grisolia Maria Eduarda , Oliveira Pâmela Eduarda de , Martins William , Alves Jakson , Leite Bárbara Zanicotti , Costa Fernanda Janaína Oliveira Gomes da , Mota César Rossas , Possetti Gustavo Rafael Collere , Vicente Vânia Aparecida , Etchepare Ramiro Gonçalves
Published: March 2024

A pandemia de COVID-19 foi responsável por grandes impactos na sociedade, os quais não apenas alteraram o cotidiano da população, mas também proporcionaram avanços em diferentes áreas da ciência. O colapso dos sistemas de saúde em diversos países e o acesso limitado a testes clínicos estimularam a busca por ferramentas alternativas para obter informações sobre a pandemia, como a epidemiologia baseada no esgoto (EBE). O objetivo deste trabalho foi utilizar a EBE no monitoramento espaçotemporal da pandemia de COVID-19 em Curitiba-PR. Amostras compostas de esgoto foram coletadas durante 27 meses nas cinco estações de tratamento de esgoto (ETEs) que processam todo o esgoto coletado em Curitiba-PR e parte de sua região metropolitana. Realizaram-se análises de DQO, NH3 -N e qPCR para determinação da concentração viral de SARS-CoV-2 no esgoto. Os resultados demonstraram que a presente abordagem permitiu um efetivo acompanhamento espaçotemporal da pandemia de COVID-19 a partir do esgoto, indicando de forma regionalizada a ocorrência dos casos. Dentre outros, identificou-se a região de maior vulnerabilidade do município a partir das altas concentrações de RNA viral registradas. Contudo, a partir dos resultados de NH3 -N, constatou-se também que o esgoto nessa região era menos diluído por águas pluviais, o que pode estar associado a uma rede coletora de esgoto menor e mais íntegra. Além disso, os resultados evidenciaram forte correlação entre as concentrações de RNA viral no esgoto e diversos indicadores clínicos, incluindo os casos de COVID-19, o número de testes realizados e a positividade dos testes. Conclui-se, portanto, que a presente abordagem tem grande potencial em futuras aplicações da EBE no Brasil e no mundo.
Avaliação de alternativas para a destinação de efluentes sanitários tratados em cinco municípios do estado de São Paulo: ênfase no potencial de reúso da água
Authors: Nakamura Carolina Harue , Domingues Jane Cristina Caparica Ferreira , Jesus José Antônio Oliveira de , Mierzwa José Carlos , Lima Heitor Collet de Araujo
Published: March 2024

As crises hídricas que o estado de São Paulo vivenciou evidenciam a fragilidade dos mananciais como um todo, principalmente no que diz respeito ao abastecimento público e à produção de energia. Na porção paulista da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Grande, esses problemas são ainda mais acentuados e, quando somados às questões de poluição dos corpos hídricos, os quais apresentam baixa capacidade de assimilação de poluentes, tornam a gestão da água um desafio considerável. O Plano Integrado de Recursos Hídricos (PIRH) para a Bacia do Rio Grande destacou que os corpos receptores dos efluentes tratados de cinco municípios — Catanduva, Leme, Mogi Mirim, Ribeirão Preto e Sertãozinho — exibem diversos trechos nos quais a concentração de DBO ultrapassa o padrão de qualidade estabelecido para a sua classe. Essa condição é observada em muitas bacias hidrográficas brasileiras.Com o intuito de contribuir para a atenuação desse problema, este estudo buscou identificar opções para a destinação de efluentes tratados nas estações de tratamento de esgoto (ETEs), incluindo uma avaliação dos custos totais, tanto de capital quanto de operação. O aprimoramento dos processos de tratamento de esgotos e o reúso de água foram identificados como opções com maior benefício potencial, levando em consideração as características específicas de cada município. Os custos estimados para a obtenção de água de reúso para uso industrial mostraram-se baixos quando comparados às tarifas de água das concessionárias. Entretanto, os custos de implantação e operação apresentados neste estudo, tanto para tratamento quanto para adução, foram considerados onerosos pelos municípios, pois ultrapassam a sua capacidade de investimento. Essa condição destaca a necessidade de estratégias mais eficazes na gestão dos serviços públicos de saneamento, incluindo o estabelecimento de parcerias público-privadas.
Regionalização para a prestação dos serviços de saneamento e os impactos na elaboração de planos municipais de saneamento básico — estudo de caso em Alagoas
Authors: Almeida Ana Letícia Gaia da Rocha , Santos Letícia da Silva , Santos Marcos Vinícius da Silva , Silva Laíne Aparecida , Martins Fabiana de Cerqueira
Published: March 2024

Considerando-se os incentivos proporcionados pelo Novo Marco Legal do Saneamento em relação à prestação regionalizada de serviços, o objetivo principal deste estudo foi avaliar se existe uma diferença significativa na elaboração de Planos Municipais de Saneamento Básico (PMSBs) ao comparar municípios que aderiram à regionalização com aqueles que não aderiram, no estado de Alagoas. A metodologia adotada neste trabalho envolveu a coleta de dados qualitativos para construir seis indicadores relacionados ao processo de elaboração dos PMSBs. Utilizou-se o método de estudo de caso, comumente empregado em várias áreas do conhecimento para investigar dados reais em pesquisas exploratórias. De maneira geral, verificou-se que a adesão dos prestadores de serviço e do Grupo de Trabalho como um todo aos eventos de mobilização social foi inferior nos municípios com regionalização. Esse cenário pode sugerir um desinteresse na elaboração do PMSB, possivelmente devido à existência de um Plano Regional de Água e Esgoto. Os resultados também apontam que, em termos de participação da sociedade civil, não houve discrepância; no entanto, nos municípios com regionalização, a população enfrentava dificuldades em identificar o real prestador de serviços. Diante dessas constatações, a experiência destaca a importância de definir e implementar mecanismos de controle social, visando à inclusão da sociedade no planejamento e na fiscalização dos serviços de saneamento. Além disso, destaca a necessidade de aprimorar as estratégias de comunicação dos prestadores regionalizados para garantir uma compreensão mais clara por parte da população.
Bioacumulação de microcistinas em hortaliças irrigadas com águas de um reservatório
superficial do semiárido brasileiro
Authors: Lopes Thiago Santos de Almeida , Costa Amanda Myrna de Meneses e , Santos Whelton Brito dos , Ferreira Weruska Brasileiro , Cunha Patricia Herminio
Published: March 2024

A eutrofização de reservatórios favorece o surgimento de cianobactérias e cianotoxinas em suas águas, frequentemente utilizadas na irrigação de culturas agrícolas. Isso tem gerado preocupação devido ao potencial de bioacumulação de cianotoxinas, como as microcistinas (MCs), em hortaliças destinadas ao consumo humano. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a bioacumulação de MCs em hortaliças irrigadas com águas do Reservatório Epitácio Pessoa, localizado em BoqueirãoPB, no semiárido brasileiro. O estudo foi conduzido em três propriedades que apresentavam cultivos agrícolas com características diversificadas. As águas de irrigação foram avaliadas em termos de parâmetros físicoquímicos e MCs, que também foram determinadas nas hortaliças para avaliação da bioacumulação.Conforme a caracterização das águas de irrigação, verificou-se que no ponto de captação o Reservatório Epitácio Pessoa estava eutrofizado. As MCs foram detectadas nas águas das três propriedades e promoveram a bioacumulação nas hortaliças estudadas, em concentrações médias que variaram entre 0,63 ± 0,06 e 5,47 ± 0,25 ηg.g-1. Com relação às diferentes espécies vegetais, observou-se que coentro e salsa demonstraram maior suscetibilidade ao acúmulo de MCs, e que o método de irrigação pode influenciar nas concentrações finais nas plantas.Por fim, constatou-se que os consumos diários de MCs, a partir das hortaliças avaliadas, foram inferiores à ingestão diária total estabelecida pela Organização Mundial da Saúde, de 0,04 μgMCs.kg-1 de peso corpóreo. Apesar disso, ficou evidente que a bioacumulação de cianotoxinas em plantas agrícolas irrigadas com águas eutrofizadas constitui uma nova rota de contaminação humana.
Avaliação do potencial da ferramenta Energy Performance and Carbon Emissions Assessment and Monitoring Tool para estimativas de emissões de gases de efeito estufa em arranjos típicos de tratamento de esgoto sanitário no Brasil
Authors: Rosenfeldt Sebastian , Silva Bruno Eduardo dos Santos , Cabral Carolina Bayer Gomes , Platzer Christoph
Published: March 2024

O cálculo das emissões de gases de efeito estufa (GEE) no setor de tratamento de esgotos é um desafio devido à abordagem generalista do Painel Intergovernamental sobre Mudanças Climáticas (IPCC), o que dificulta a aplicação por parte dos técnicos responsáveis pelos inventários das empresas de saneamento. Para superar esse obstáculo, desenvolvou-se a ferramenta Energy Performance and Carbon Emissions Assessment and Monitoring (ECAM), que integra todas as equações e variáveis necessárias em uma única plataforma. Este estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar a usabilidade dessa ferramenta, utilizando-a para calcular as emissões em quatro cenários típicos de tratamento no Brasil: lodos ativados com aeração prolongada (LAAP), lodos ativados convencionais combinados com digestores anaeróbios de lodo (LA + DL) e reatores UASB seguidos por lodos ativados convencionais (UASB + LA), com e sem queima de biogás. Os resultados indicaram que a ferramenta simplifica o processo para os usuários, incorporando as equações do IPCC e sugerindo valores adicionais para variáveis não indicadas pela instituição. Essa otimização foi considerada positiva, embora seja necessário ter cuidado ao combinar diferentes referências, especialmente no cálculo da carga orgânica removida como lodo nas etapas de tratamento. A principal limitação identificada foi a falta de atualização dos valores de potencial de aquecimento global (GWP). Para esse caso, recomendou-se
Alcances y límites de Hegel como intérprete e interlocutor de la historia de la filosofía antigua
Authors: Charpenel E. Eduardo
Published: March 2024

To appreciate how Hegel confronts the ancient legacy, are in order differentiated readings and different hermeneutic criteria Hegel used to critically review the history of philosophy: issues that have not always been taken into consideration to account for the value of the Hegelian interpretations. Hegel was a modern philosopher who vindicated the study of the history of philosophy, who provided attractive hermeneutical keys to approach the latter, and who rendered suggestive appropriations that invite a renewed reading of the classics.
Hegel frente a los clásicos : aproximaciones de Alexandre Kojève y Leo Strauss
Authors: Moreno Guinea David
Published: March 2024

This article examines the relationship between the thought of Hegel and that of the Greek classics, especially Aristotle, in light of the comments of Alexandre Kojève and Leo Strauss. The difficulties of demonstrating either Hegel’s continuity or rupture with the classics are noted, as well as the need to deepen the investigation into what they understood by concepts such as being, the divine, the eternity, the eternal and the transcendent. Although clear differences can be seen between Hegel and the classics, if we consider certain nuances it is evident that there is a strong connection between them, which gives arguments in favor of the claim that classical thought culminates in Hegel.