bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and perception of antibiotic resistance and stewardship among pre-health and agriculture undergraduate students
Authors: Da Silva Carvalho Claudia
Published: September 2024

The global threat of antibiotic-resistant infections has resulted in health organizations compiling an Antibiotic Stewardship Program (ASP), in which the education of current and future medical prescribers and farmers is central to the preservation of current and future antimicrobial treatments. The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the knowledge and perceived threat of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance, as well as the perceived benefit of antibiotic stewardship education, among undergraduate students majoring in Biology and Agriculture at Fort Hays State University. I hypothesized that the difference in knowledge and perceptions between Biology and Agriculture students would be significantly different because of differences in curriculum requirements. Framed by the health belief model (HBM), a quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured online survey of 136 undergraduate student participants. A
χ
2
analysis was used to assess differences between the respondents in their knowledge and perceptions of antibiotics, antibiotic resistance, and antibiotic stewardship education at the undergraduate level. Results showed that, although Agriculture students perceived antibiotic resistance as less threatening than Biology/pre-health students, both undergraduate groups were knowledgeable about the problem and wanted more academic education on the issue. These findings create a solid foundation to initiate a conversation on the curriculum development to meet ASP goals and objectives at the undergraduate level while contributing to an ongoing international effort to educate future prescribers and farmers on the importance of antibiotics in medicine and farming and to reduce antibiotic resistance.
Analysis of the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in people living with HIV
Authors: Tian Xuebin , Xie Yiwen , Yu Lifeng , Yao Peng , Dong Mingqing , Jin Changzhong , Wu Nanping
Published: September 2024

The gut microbiome has a pivotal function in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, the associated alterations in the gut microbiome-host interaction are unknown. Herein, we aimed to investigate the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in people living with HIV (PLWH). We collected stool samples from 70 PLWH and 34 healthy controls (HCs) and carried out 16S rRNA gene sequencing and analyzed the metabolites using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Firmicutes
,
Proteobacteria
,
Actinobacteriota
, and
Bacteroidota
were the most abundant phyla in both groups. Among genera, the level of
Escherichia
-
Shigella
was upregulated significantly in the PLWH group, whereas in the HC group,
Bacteroides
spp. were upregulated. Prediction of microbial function indicated significant reductions in alanine, aspartate, glutamate, and histidine metabolism. Furthermore, a comparison of the fecal metabolites between the HC and PLWH groups identified 38 differentially abundant metabolites in four differentially enriched human metabolic pathways. According to Spearman correlation analysis, there are close relationships between four differentially abundant microbiota members and five differentially abundant fecal metabolites, which might influence particular human metabolic pathways. Our findings provide a basis for further experimental investigation of the contribution of the gut microbiota and its associated metabolites to HIV/AIDS, providing a novel perspective for the further study of HIV/AIDS.

IMPORTANCE

Growing evidence demonstrates that the gut microbiota is associated with HIV. This study investigated changes in the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in PLWH. We identified 38 differentially abundant metabolites in four differentially enriched human metabolic pathways. Moreover, close relationships were noted between the four differentially abundant microbiota members and five differentially abundant fecal metabolites, which might influence particular human metabolic pathways. Thus, to benefit PLWH, potential pathobionts could be reduced (e.g., g_
Enterococcus
); probiotics could be increased (e.g., g_
Faecalibacterium
and g_
Agathobacter
); or certain metabolites (e.g., N-acetyl-L-phenylalanine and trehalose) could be reduced by changes in diet or the use of nutritional supplements. Our results provide insights into the interaction between the gut microbiota and the host, identifying possible targets that might be beneficial for PLWH.
Persistence of power Doppler ultrasonography-detected synovitis over 1 year of follow-up predicts poor prognosis in rheumatoid arthritis in clinical remission: the SONORE prospective longitudinal study
Authors: Mouterde Gael , Lukas Cédric , Filippi Nathalie , Marin Gregory , Molinari Nicolas , Combe Bernard , Morel Jacques
Published: September 2024

Objectives

(1) To assess the progression of ultrasonography-detected synovitis in a cohort of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in remission during 1 year of follow-up (2) to evaluate the ability of consecutive examinations of ultrasonography to predict relapse (R) or radiographic progression (RP) at 1 year.

Methods

Patients with RA (2010 American College of Rheumatology-European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology criteria) in clinical remission (Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28)<2.6 without clinically active synovitis) were included. An independent investigator performed ultrasonography every 3 months for 1 year. Ultrasonography-detected synovitis was defined as power Doppler-positive ultrasonography synovitis (PDUS) grade ≥1 in at least one joint. PDUS at ≥2 consecutive visits during the follow-up defined persistent PDUS. An increase of ≥1 point in the modified total Sharp score defined RP. An increase in DAS28-C-reactive protein (CRP)>0.6 or DAS28-CRP>3.2 and any modification of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs or glucocorticoids defined relapse. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to evaluate factors associated with R/RP at 1 year.

Results

PDUS was detected in 75 (65.2%), 66, 60, 46 and 29 of the 115 patients with RA at baseline and at months 3, 6, 9 and 12, respectively. 58 (50.4%) patients exhibited persistent PDUS. After 1 year, 22/85 (25.9%) experienced relapse and 12 (14.1%) showed RP. On multivariate analysis, factors predicting R/RP at 1 year were persistent PDUS (HR=2.98, p=0.014) and an increase in DAS28-CRP level at the visit before relapse (HR=4.36, p=0.004).

Conclusion

Persistent PDUS during follow-up, rather than at baseline, predicted worse outcome at 1 year and requires careful monitoring.
Bovine lactoferrin and chimera lactoferrin prevent and destroy Salmonella Typhimurium biofilms in Caco-2 cells
Authors: Quintero-Martínez Laura E. , Canizalez-Román Adrián , Angulo-Zamudio Uriel A. , Flores-Villaseñor Hector , Velázquez-Román Jorge , Bolscher Jan G.M. , Nazmi Kamran , León-Sicairos Nidia
Published: September 2024

Salmonellosis is a common foodborne disease caused by Salmonella bacteria. The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella serotypes, such as Typhimurium, and Salmonella’s ability to form biofilms contribute to their resistance and persistence in host and non-host environments. New strategies are needed to treat or prevent Salmonella infections. This work aimed to determine the effect of the bovine lactoferrin (bLF) and lactoferrin chimera (LFchimera) in preventing or disrupting biofilms formed on abiotic surfaces or Caco-2 cells by S. Typhimurium ATCC 14028 or an MDR strain. The inhibitory activity of planktonic bacteria, prevention of biofilm formation, and destruction of biofilms of S. Typhimurium (ATCC 14028 or MDR strain) on the abiotic surface and Caco-2 cells of bLF and LFchimera were quantified by CFU/mL and visualized by microscopy using Giemsa-stained samples. bLF (75–1000 µM) and LFchimera (1–20 µM) inhibited more than 95% of S. Typhimurium planktonic growth cultures (ATCC 14028 and MDR). In addition, bLF (600, 800, and 1000 µM) and LFchimera (10 and 20 µM) prevented more than 98% of S. Typhimurium adherence and biofilm formation on Caco-2 cells. Finally, bLF (600 and 1000 µM) and LFchimera (10 and 20 µM) destroyed more than 80% of S. Typhimurium biofilms established on abiotic and Caco-2 cells. In conclusion, bLF and LFchimeras have the potential to inhibit and destroy S. Typhimurium biofilms.
$$\varvec{B_c}$$ to A transition form factors and semileptonic decays in self-consistent covariant light-front approach
Authors: Hazra Avijit , Mary S. Thejus , Sharma Neelesh , Dhir Rohit
Published: September 2024

We present a comprehensive analysis of the semileptonic weak decays of $$B_c$$

B
c

meson decaying to axial-vector (A) mesons for bottom-conserving and bottom-changing decay modes. We employ self-consistent covariant light-front quark model (CLF QM) that uses type-II correspondence to eliminate inconsistencies in the traditional type-I CLF QM. As a fresh attempt, we test the self-consistency in CLF QM through type-II correspondence for $$B_c \rightarrow A$$

B
c

→
A

meson transition form factors. We establish that in type-II correspondence the form factors for longitudinal and transverse polarization states are numerically equal and are free from zero-mode contributions, which confirms the self-consistency of type-II correspondence for $$B_c \rightarrow A$$

B
c

→
A

transition form factors. Furthermore, we ascertain that the problems of inconsistency and violation of covariance of CLF QM within the type-I correspondence are resolved in type-II correspondence for $$B_c \rightarrow A$$

B
c

→
A

transitions. We thoroughly investigate the effects of self-consistency between type-I and type-II schemes using a comparative analysis. In this investigation, we employ a direct calculation approach to determine the form factors within the space-like region. Subsequently, we employ a vector meson dominance (VMD)-inspired three-parameter form to extrapolate these form factors into the physically accessible region. This enables us to study the $$q^2$$

q
2

dependence of the form factors in weak hadronic currents for the whole accessible kinematic range for both bottom-conserving as well as bottom-changing transitions. In addition, we extend our analysis to predict the branching ratios of the semileptonic weak decays of $$B_c$$

B
c

meson involving axial-vector meson in the final state to quantify the effects of self-consistency in these decays that were not studied before. We evaluate the lepton mass effect on these branching ratios and various other important physical observables, such as forward-backward asymmetries, lepton-side convexity parameter, asymmetry parameter, and longitudinal polarization asymmetries and fractions. Finally, we obtain the lepton flavor universality ratios for various decays.
Equivalence of regular spinor fields
Authors: Lee Cheng-Yang
Published: September 2024

In the Lounesto classification, there are three types of regular spinors. They are classified by the condition that at least one of the scalar or pseudo scalar norms are non-vanishing. The Dirac spinors are regular spinors because their scalar and pseudo scalar norms are non-zero and zero respectively. We construct local and Lorentz-covariant fermionic fields from all three classes of regular spinors. By computing the invariants and bilinear covariants of the regular spinor fields, we show that they are physically equivalent to the Dirac fields in the sense that whatever interactions one writes down using the regular spinor fields, they can always be expressed in terms of the Dirac fields.
Mobile Robot Motion Behavior Based on Hopfield Neural Network Dynamics Under Electromagnetic Radiation
Authors: Zhao Jiajian , Li Shanshan , Tang Guangdi
Published: September 2024

The nonlinear characteristic of activation function is a critical aspect that affects the performance of artificial neural networks (ANNs). Despite its importance, the impact of neuronal nonlinearity variations on the dynamics of ANNs has not been thoroughly studied in previous research. This paper aims to fill this gap by exploring the influence of nonlinearity changes in activation function due to memristive electromagnetic induction on the dynamical characteristics of ANNs. We first propose a memristor model with sinusoidal conductance function. Then, the effects on the biological neuron under the electromagnetic induction are simulated by replacing the gradient of hyperbolic tangent activation function with the conductance of the proposed memristor. Furthermore, a Hopfield neural network (HNN) is constructed by taking the nonlinearity changes of activation function into consideration and its dynamical behaviors are analyzed through Lyapunov exponent spectra, bifurcation diagram, biparameter-based dynamic maps and phase portraits. The numerical simulation results show complex dynamical behaviors such as single-scroll chaotic spiral attractor, double-scroll chaotic attractors and initial-value-dependent offset boosted attractors, demonstrating that nonlinearity changes of activation function induced by the electromagnetic induction have a significant impact on the dynamics of HNN. To further verify our findings, we implement the proposed HNN in hardware and find that the results are in line with our numerical simulations. Finally, we apply the chaotic HNN in the mobile robot path planning task, which achieves higher coverage rate than the random number-based random walk method.
APC and ZBTB2 May Mediate M2 Macrophage Infiltration to Promote the Development of Renal Fibrosis: A Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Song Jianling , Ke Ben , Fang Xiangdong
Published: September 2024

Background and Purpose: The continuous accumulation of M2 macrophages may potentially contribute to the development of kidney fibrosis in chronic kidney disease (CKD). The purpose of this study was to analyze the infiltration of M2 macrophages in uremic patients and to seek new strategies to slow down the progression of renal fibrosis.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search for expression data pertaining to uremic samples within the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, encompassing the time frame from 2010 to 2022. Control and uremic differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Immune cell infiltration was investigated by CIBERSORT and modules associated with M2 macrophage infiltration were identified by weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA). Consistent genes were identified using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and selection and visualization of the most relevant features (SVM‐RFE) methods to search for overlapping genes. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were examined for the diagnostic value of candidate genes. Quantitative real‐time PCR (qPCR) examined the expression levels of candidate genes obtained from uremic patients in M2 macrophage.

Results: A total of 1298 DEGs were identified within the GSE37171 dataset. Significant enrichment of DEGs was observed in 20 biological processes (BP), 19 cellular components (CC), 6 molecular functions (MF), and 70 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. CIBERSORT analysis observed a significant increase in B‐cell memory, dendritic cell activation, M0, M1, M2, and plasma cell numbers in uremic samples. We identified the 10 most interrelated genes. In particular, adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and zinc finger and BTB structural domain 2 (ZBTB2) were adversely associated with the infiltration of M2 macrophages. Importantly, the expression levels of APC and ZBTB2 were far lower in M2 macrophages from uremic patients than those in healthy individuals.

Conclusion: The development of renal fibrosis may be the result of M2 macrophage infiltration promoted by APC and ZBTB2.
Optimizing Extraction, Evaluating Antioxidant Activity, and Analyzing Bioactive Compounds in Trikaysornmas Formula
Authors: Limsakul Suphatson , Monthakantirat Orawan , Chulikhit Yaowared , Maneenet Juthamart , Khamphukdee Charinya , Chotritthirong Yutthana , Phasomsap Achiraya , Boonyarat Chantana , Daodee Supawadee
Published: September 2024

The Trikaysornmas formula (TKM) represents a prevalent Thai traditional remedy utilized extensively in Thailand. Its traditional uses include appetite enhancement, functions as a nourishing tonic, and exhibits adaptogenic properties. Comprising Aegle marmelos fruit, Nelumbo nucifera stamen, and Jatropha multifida bark, this formula embodies the synergy among these three herbs. The objective of this study was to optimize the extraction method, determine the active compounds in the TKM, and evaluate its antioxidant activity. The optimization of the extraction method for this formula was studied using an experimental design. Phytochemical components such as total phenolics, total flavonoids, total carotenoids, and total alkaloids were assessed utilizing a colorimetric method. Antioxidant activities were assessed through DPPH free radical scavenging, ABTS radical cation decolorization, oxygen radical absorbance capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, metal chelating activity, and lipid peroxidation assay. For the analysis of active constituents in the formula, gallic acid, kaempferol‐3‐o‐glucoside, imperatorin, vitexin, and scopoletin, a validated reversed‐phase column high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed. The total active contents including phenolic, flavonoid, carotenoid, and alkaloid compounds were found in the formula. The developed HPLC method exhibited reliable results in all validation parameters. TKM demonstrated antioxidant activity in the models used in this research. The findings from this study can serve as valuable tools for standardization and quality control measures. Additionally, they can contribute to maximizing the possibilities inherent in this traditional Thai formulation.
Computational Mutagenesis and Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus AgrA LytTR Domain Using Phenazine Scaffolds: Insight From a Biophysical Study
Authors: Manu Prince , Nketia Prisca Baah , Osei-Poku Priscilla , Kwarteng Alexander
Published: September 2024

Biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus is a major challenge in clinical settings due to its role in persistent infections. The AgrA protein, a key regulator in biofilm development, is a promising target for therapeutic intervention. This study investigates the antibiofilm potential of halogenated phenazine compounds by targeting AgrA and explores their molecular interactions to provide insights for drug development. We employed molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and computational mutagenesis to evaluate the binding of halogenated phenazine compounds (C1 to C7, HP, and HP‐14) to AgrA. Binding free energy analysis was performed to assess the affinity of these compounds for the AgrA‐DNA complex. Additionally, the impact of these compounds on AgrA’s structural conformation and salt bridge interactions was examined. The binding‐free energy analysis revealed that all compounds enhance binding affinity compared to the Apo form of AgrA, which has a ΔGbind of −80.75 kcal/mol. The strongest binding affinities were observed with compounds C7 (−113.84 kcal/mol), HP‐14 (−115.23 kcal/mol), and HP (−112.28 kcal/mol), highlighting their effectiveness. Molecular dynamics simulations demonstrated that these compounds bind at the hydrophobic cleft of AgrA, disrupting essential salt bridge interactions between His174‐Glu163 and His174‐Glu226. This disruption led to structural conformational changes and reduced DNA binding affinity, aligning with experimental findings on biofilm inhibition. The halogenated phenazine compounds effectively inhibit biofilm formation by targeting AgrA, disrupting its DNA‐binding function. The study supports the potential of these compounds as antibiofilm agents and provides a foundation for rational drug design targeting the AgrA‐DNA interaction. Future research should focus on further optimizing these lead compounds and exploring additional active sites on AgrA to develop novel treatments for biofilm‐associated infections.
Characterization of Differential and Pure Ideals in the Hurwitz Series Ring: Structural Insights and Formulations
Authors: Alomari Omar , Al-Labadi Manal
Published: September 2024

This paper offers an in‐depth investigation into pure ideals within the Hurwitz series ring. Specifically, by focusing on the Hurwitz series ring, denoted as HR over a ring R, we present a comprehensive characterization of differential ideals. In this paper, we prove that these differential ideals can be expressed in the form HI, where I represents an ideal in the underlying ring R. Through this analysis, a comprehensive understanding of the structure and properties of pure ideals within the Hurwitz series ring is achieved.
Vulvar Lymphangioma Arising in the Setting of May–Thurner Syndrome
Authors: Bantumilli Surekha , Flyke Ian , Sakthivel Muthu Kumar , Bookhout Christine E.
Published: September 2024

This case report describes an instance of vulvar lymphangioma occurring in the setting of May–Thurner syndrome (MTS), an association between two vascular conditions that we do not believe has been previously reported. Lymphangioma, also known as lymphatic malformation, is a benign lesion typified by dilatation of endothelial‐lined lymphatic channels involving the skin and subcutis, which can occur either as a congenital abnormality or as a result of acquired damage to lymphatic channels. Lymphangioma is a rare lesion in the vulva. MTS, also known as iliac vein compression syndrome or Cockett’s syndrome, is a condition of left iliac vein obstruction due to overriding the right common iliac artery which can lead to iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis. In this report, we describe the case of a 29‐year‐old woman with MTS diagnosed at 7 years of age with poor lymphatic drainage and pelvic pain requiring left iliac vein stenting. She presented with left vulvar discomfort and chronic lower extremity edema and was found to have warty vulvar masses, with histopathological examination showing lymphangioma of the vulva. We believe that this is the first report of vulvar lymphangioma recognized in the setting of MTS, and we will discuss the clinical features, etiology, and possible pathophysiologic association between these two entities.
Regional Perspectives on Complementary and Alternative Medicine: Results of a Regional Survey
Authors: Källman Mikael , Bergström Stefan , Holgersson Georg , Järås Jacob , Randén Engqvist Ruth , Bergqvist Michael
Published: September 2024

Background: Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is widely used by patients with cancer. Research indicates that the use of CAM is more prevalent in rural areas compared to urban areas. There is currently a lack of information regarding the scope and specifics of CAM use among patients in Sweden, particularly in rural areas. The aim of this study was to estimate the extent and characteristics of CAM use among cancer patients in the rural areas of Region Gävleborg. Methods: A total of 631 questionnaires were sent out, and 376 of those were returned, corresponding to a response rate of 59.6%. Oncology patients received questionnaires at their initial appointment for curative care at Gävle Hospital’s Department of Oncology. When enrolling in palliative outpatient care in their homes, palliative patients were sought out. Standard descriptive statistics were used to present the characteristics of the respondents. To determine odds ratios and potential factors (age, gender, diagnosis, and education) affecting CAM use after cancer diagnosis, a multivariable logistic model was constructed. Results: Based on clinical observations, the authors’ hypothesis that CAM use is particularly common in small towns in the Hälsingland region was verified in this study. This was particularly pronounced among younger people and residents of small towns in the province of Halsingland. The higher level of CAM use appears to apply to both men and women. Conclusions: CAM appears to be used more frequently by patients residing in rural areas. It is crucial that care providers enquire about all of the patient’s health-seeking activities. Further research is needed on the usage of CAM in rural areas and the potential cultural influences contributing to CAM use. From a sociological standpoint, it is crucial to draw attention to the fact that CAM use may be more prevalent in certain rural areas, particularly in centralized societies where it is more difficult to access healthcare in remote regions.
Guidelines of Onkopedia: What Is New? Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
Authors: Hofheinz Ralf-Dieter , Arnold Dirk , Borner Markus , Eisterer Wolfgang , Folprecht Gunnar , Ghadimi Michael , Graeven Ullrich , Grünberger Birgit , Hebart Holger , Hegewisch-Becker Susanna , Heinemann Volker , Pritzkuleit Ron , Rödel Claus , Rumpold Holger , Trarbach Tanja , Maschmeyer Georg , Wörmann Bernhard
Published: September 2024

This article briefly summarizes clinically relevant new aspects of the recently published German, Austrian, and Swiss Onkopedia guideline for the treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer. Main aspects comprise (i) the use of total neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancers with high-risk features, (ii) treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with a low risk for local recurrence, (iii) immunotherapy using dostarlimab in patients with MSI high/dMMR rectal cancer, as well as (iv) the implementation of organ sparing treatment concepts. The availability of several evidence-based treatment options requires intensive discussion within the multidisciplinary team as well as dedicated information for patients about treatment goals, options, and risks of individual treatment approaches.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ВАЛІДАЦІЙНИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК МЕТОДИКИ КІЛЬКІСНОГО ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ УРСОДЕОКСИХОЛЕВОЇ КИСЛОТИ У ТВЕРДИХ ЖЕЛАТИНОВИХ КАПСУЛАХ ПРИ ОЦІНЦІ ОДНОРІДНОСТІ ДОЗОВАНИХ ОДИНИЦЬ
Authors: Saliy O. O. , Nikitina O. O. , Kovalevska O. I. , Lyashenko V. O.
Published: September 2024

Мета роботи. Дослідити валідаційні характеристики методики кількісного визначення урсодеоксихолевої кислоти (УДХК) у твердих желатинових капсулах при оцінці однорідності дозованих одиниць (ОДО). Матеріали і методи. У роботі використано субстанцію УДХК фармакопейної якості виробництва «Prodotti Chimici E Alimentari S.p.A.», Італія; 6 комерційних серій зареєстрованих твердих желатинових капсул з УДХК по 250 мг різних виробників. Як стандартний зразок УДХК застосовували BPCRS706 виробництва Sigma-Aldrich. Для кількісного визначення УДХК ми розробили аналітичну методику за методом високоефективної рідинної хроматографії (ВЕРХ). Досліджувані валідаційні характеристики обирали відповідно до вимог Державної Фармакопеї України (ДФУ) та рекомендацій ICH. Визначення ОДО проводили за розрахунково-ваговим методом. Розраховували вміст урсодезоксихолевої кислоти в кожній капсулі, виходячи з результатів визначення індивідуальної маси та кількісного визначення УДХК за методом ВЕРХ. Результати й обговорення. При валідації методики кількісного визначення діючої речовини у препараті з метою подальшої оцінки показника «ОДО» для контролю за капсулами з УДХК по 250 мг доведено, що специфічність, лінійність, точність, внутрішньолабораторна точність, робастність і правильність визначення є прийнятними, методика систематичною похибкою не обтяжена (систематична похибка (а=-0,152), незначна порівняно з максимально допустимим невизначенням аналізу ΔAs≤1,6 %). При проведенні контролю за ОДО твердих желатинових капсул з УДХК доведено, що всі досліджувані серії комерційних препаратів показали прийнятні результати за показниками «Відхилення маси» та «ОДО» і мали варіації у відхиленні маси нижче 10 % (n=60), а середнє значення прийнятності (AV) 7,85, що ≤15. Висновки. При валідації методики проведено статистичну обробку експериментальних даних, визначений коефіцієнт кореляції лінійної залежності (r) між введеними та знайденими значеннями для кількісного вмісту УДХК становить >0,998, що свідчить про коректність методики ВЕРХ для кількісного вмісту УДХК при визначенні ОДО у твердих желатинових капсулах. За результатами статистичної обробки методику вважають валідованою та можна використовувати для кількісного визначення УДХК. Встановлена відповідність критерію 1 за показником «ОДО» комерційних серій свідчить, що жодну з серій низької якості не була доставлено на ринок, і кожен пацієнт отримує дозу УДХК у регламентованих межах близько 250 мг.
ЕКСПЕРТНА ОЦІНКА ПРОБЛЕМ ПУБЛІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ У КОНТЕКСТІ РЕФОРМУВАННЯ ВІТЧИЗНЯНОЇ ГАЛУЗІ ОХОРОНИ ЗДОРОВ’Я
Authors: Babenko M. M.
Published: September 2024

Мета роботи. Вивчити проблеми публічного управління у контексті реформування вітчизняної галузі охорони здоров’я (ОЗ) та розвитку оцінки медичних технологій (ОМТ).
Матеріали і методи. Експертне опитування з використанням анкети «Google-form» (період: вересень–грудень 2023 р.). Відбирали експертів (n=164) для участі в опитуванні цілеспрямовано (критерії: компетентність у питаннях публічного управління, реформування галузі, досвід роботи на керівних посадах різного рівня). Для обробки та інтерпретації результатів використано методи: наукове узагальнення, математико-статистичні, аналітичний.
Результати й обговорення. Досліджено думку експертів щодо стану та проблем публічного управління у сфері ОЗ та фармації. Встановлено, що 2/3 опитаних вважають важливим перехід до принципів публічного управління. Основними проблемами визначено: недосконалість законодавства (47 %), бюрократичні перешкоди (44 %), відсутність ефективної взаємодії між рівнями управління в галузі та загалом у державі (37 %). Рівень впровадження ОМТ в Україні та її вплив на систему ОЗ експерти оцінюють у цілому позитивно. На думку опитаних, впровадження ОМТ значно поліпшить ситуацію щодо підвищення ефективності медичної допомоги і фармацевтичного забезпечення.
Висновки. За результатами експертного опитування виявлено основні проблеми публічного управління системою ОЗ та фармації. Визначено пріоритетні напрямки удосконалення публічного управління щодо реалізації європейських принципів належного врядування, враховуючи специфіку галузі й важливість дотримання пацієнторієнтованого підходу, а також досягнення соціального й економічного ефектів.
МАРКЕТИНГОВИЙ АНАЛІЗ ПРОТИЕКЗЕМНИХ ЛІКАРСЬКИХ ЗАСОБІВ НА ФАРМАЦЕВТИЧНОМУ РИНКУ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Behmetiuk S. I. , Mylianych A. O. , Buchkevych I. R. , Kurka M. S.
Published: September 2024

Мета роботи. Здійснити маркетингове дослідження асортименту готових лікарських препаратів для лікування екземи, які представлено на фармацевтичному ринку України з метою проведення подальших досліджень щодо створення та опрацювання нових ліків від екземи.
Матеріали і методи. Роботу виконано з використанням офіційних джерел інформації, зокрема, інформаційно-пошукової системи «Державний реєстр лікарських засобів України», яку сформував державний орган «Державний експертний центр Міністерства охорони здоров’я України». У дослідженні було використано системно-оглядовий, статистичний, структурний, логічний і графічний методи аналізу.
Результати й обговорення. Фармацевтичний ринок України характеризується широким асортиментом лікарських засобів (ЛЗ), які застосовують для лікування екземи. Результати аналізу асортименту показали, що представлено 158 препаратів, з яких 72 є вітчизняного виробництва та 86 імпортних ЛЗ. На українському фармацевтичному ринку в основному представлені засоби імпортного виробництва. Проаналізовні дерматологічні засоби складають препарати п’яти груп за АТС-класифікацією: D02 «Препарати з пом’якшувальною та захисною дією», D04 «Препарати проти свербежу (включаючи антигістамінні, місцевоанестезуючі та інші засоби)», D06 «Антибіотики та хіміотерапевтичні препарати для використання в дерматології», D07 «Кортикостероїди для застосування в дерматології», D08 «Антисептичні та дезінфікуючі засоби». Спектр препаратів різноманітний за лікарськими формами, найчастіше зустрічаються мазі й креми. Серед діючих речовин досліджуваних препаратів більшість, а саме 44, є синтетичними: «Флуоцинолону ацетонід», «Метилпреднізолону ацепонат», «Клобетазолу пропіонат», «Дексапантенол», «Дезлоратадин», «Флютиказону пропіонат», «Диметиндену малеат», «Дифенгідраміну гідрохлорид» та ін. Серед препаратів досліджуваної групи переважають монопрепарати.
Висновки. У результаті проведеного маркетингового дослідження асортименту ЛЗ на фармацевтичному ринку України, які застосовують для лікування екземи, ми встановили, що розроблення нових ліків у м’яких лікарських формах є актуальним.
ОЦІНКА ВПЛИВУ ЕКСТРАКТІВ GLECHOMA HEDERACEA L. НА ESCHERICHIA COLI, BACILLUS SUBTILIS ТА CANDIDA PARAPSILOSIS
Authors: Yavorska H. V. , Vorobets N. M.
Published: September 2024

Мета роботи. Дослідити взаємозалежність між загальним вмістом поліфенолів (ЗВП), загальним вмістом гідроксикоричних кислот (ЗВГ) в екстрактах трави Glechoma hederacea L. та їх антимікробною активністю.
Матеріали і методи. У дослідженні застосовано екстракцію зі зворотним холодильником і мацерацію для приготування екстрактів Glechoma hederacea L.; спектрофотометрію для визначення ЗВП та ЗВГ; метод дифузії в агар для антимікробного дослідження; кореляційний аналіз, а саме, лінійну попарну кореляцію Пірсона.
Результати й обговорення. ЗВП у досліджуваних водно-етанолових екстрактах коливався від 2,890 до 17,076 мг∙г-1 сухої маси в еквіваленті до галової кислоти. Екстракти з водним етанолом (ВЕ) різної концентрації демонстрували зону затримки росту діаметром 8,67–15,67 мм, 8,67–15,00 мм і 17,00–21,00 мм для Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis і Candida parapsilosis відповідно. Згідно з результатами кореляційного аналізу, між зонами інгібування і біологічно активними речовинами (БАР) екстракту з 95 % ВЕ Glechoma hederacea L. встановлено тісні зв’язки (кореляційна матриця 1). Відзначено негативну кореляцію між зоною інгібування (ЗІ) Candida parapsilosis і ЗВП (в перерахунку на галову кислоту) з r≥-0,806 (р<0,053), ЗВГ (в перерахунку на хлорогенову кислоту) r≥-0,747 (р<0,088) та позитивну кореляцію з гідроксикоричними кислотами (в перерахунку на кавову) r≥+0,856 (р<0,03). Кореляцій між іншими дослідженими ЗІ мікроорганізмів та вмістом досліджених БАР не виявлено.
Висновки. Результати фітохімічного скринінгу водно-спиртових екстрактів Glechoma hederacea L. показали наявність у значних кількостях таких фармакологічно активних речовин, як поліфенольні сполуки, зокрема, гідроксикоричні кислоти. Очевидно, що вид Glechoma hederacea L. має відмінні антимікробні властивості проти Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis і Candida parapsilosis, а також може бути використаний як потенційне джерело сполук з антимікробною активністю, незважаючи на те, що встановлено тісний зв’язок із позитивними кореляціями між діаметром зони затримки росту і Candida parapsilosis та ЗВГ (в еквіваленті до кавової кислоти) екстракту, приготовленого лише з 95 % ВЕ.
СИТУАЦІЙНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ РЕГІОНАЛЬНОЇ АПТЕЧНОЇ МЕРЕЖІ В УМОВАХ РОСІЙСЬКОЇ АГРЕСІЇ ПРОТИ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Hromovyk B. P. , Broda O. Ya. , Korniyenko O. M. , Levytska O. R. , Chukhray I. L. , Isakov O. Yu.
Published: September 2024

Мета роботи. Дослідженні стану та перспектив діяльності регіональної аптечної мережі (АМ) в умовах російської агресії проти України (на прикладі мережі аптек «Аптека Пульс»).
Матеріали і методи. Предметом дослідження була діяльність АМ «Аптека Пульс», яка станом на 01.03.2024 р. налічувала 114 аптечних закладів у Львові та Львівській області, один – у Тернопільській області. Використано методи: спостереження, анкетного опитування, математичної статистики, мозкового штурму, комплексного TOWS-аналізу, порівняння та узагальнення.
Результати й обговорення. Шляхом якісного TOWS-аналізу сформовано та обґрунтовано сукупність з 54 чинників, які мають чи можуть мати вплив на стан і перспективи діяльності АМ «Аптека Пульс». На підставі кількісного TOWS-аналізу, участь в якому взяли 43 фармацевтичні фахівці (ФФ) АМ «Аптека Пульс», з’ясовано, що серед 15 загроз високі бали отримало зниження платоспроможності населення, повномасштабна російська агресія проти України, монополізація роздрібного фармацевтичного ринку п’ятьма компаніями та знецінення фармацевтичного фаху, серед 12 можливостей – високий попит на фармацевтичні послуги, внесення урядом фармацевтичної промисловості до переліку пріоритетних галузей економіки та програма державних гарантій медичного обслуговування населення, серед 11 слабких сторін –  рівень заробітної плати ФФ не має відчутної різниці порівняно з іншими АМ, зростання робочого навантаження на ФФ АМ через їх нестачу та недостатньо конкурентна цінова політика, серед 16 сильних сторін – своєчасна виплата заробітної плати, оплата відпусток та листів тимчасової непрацездатності, зручне розташування аптечних закладів, ширина та глибина асортименту, участь АМ в урядовій програмі «Доступні ліки» та налагоджені тривалі зв’язки з постачальниками. Баланс кількісного TOWS-аналізу є позитивним, що вказує на можливість покращення діяльності досліджуваної АМ. За допомогою перехресного аналізу чинників зовнішнього і внутрішнього середовища виявлено ризики, виклики та порівняльні переваги перспектив розвитку АМ «Аптека Пульс».
Висновки. На підставі результатів проведеного ситуаційного аналізу діяльності АМ «Аптека Пульс» з’ясовано, що найбільш ймовірним є реалістичний сценарій її розвитку, який полягає у використанні поєднання тих можливостей та сильних сторін, які швидше за все можуть бути реалізовані, незалежно від змоги реакції з боку загроз і слабких сторін.
BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF ISOPROPYLAMINE ANTHRAQUINONE
Authors: Shupenyuk V. I. , Lozynskyi A. V. , Ivasechko I. I. , Konechny Yu. K. , Taras T. M. , Matkivskyi M. P. , Amaladoss Nepolraj , Derkach G. D. , Lesyk R. B.
Published: September 2024

The aim of the work. To predict the drug-likeness and toxicity using modern web tools of the isopropylaminoanthraquinone compound, as well as to experimentally prove a possible mechanism of antitumor activity.
Materials and Methods. For the anthraquinone compound, an in silico drug-likeness and toxicity screening was performed using SwissADME and ProTox II online services. Prediction of the antitumor activity mechanism was analyzed using the US National Cancer Institute (NCI) PRISM service.
Results and Discussion. 1-Amino-4-(isopropylamino)-9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-2-sulfonic acid was synthesized by the reaction of nucleophilic substitution of bromamic acid with isopropylamine, which acted as a nucleoforming agent. The structure of the synthesized derivative (98% yield) was confirmed by 1H, 13C NMR, IR and LC-MS spectra. The studied anthraquinone compound showed satisfactory drug-like characteristics and a low toxicity profile.
Conclusions. The obtained results may become a platform for further structural optimization of the identified compound based on anthraquinone with an isopropylamine fragment in the development of modern anticancer drugs.
Efeitos da atuação do árbitro assistente de vídeo na Copa do Mundo FIFA® 2018
Authors: Martins Sandro Costa , Silva Davi Correia da , Mota Júnior Rômulo José , Lavorato Victor Neiva , Leite Luciano Bernardes
Published: September 2024

The present study aimed to verify the performance of the video assistant referee at the 2018 FIFA World Cup and compare it with the 2010 and 2014 editions. The initial hypothesis is that the use of the video assistant referee modifies the average of penalties, offsides, fouls and cards. A documentary analysis of the arbitration was carried out, in a descriptive study, through the collection of disciplinary data from the 2010, 2014 and 2018 FIFA World Cups. To compare the data from the 2010 and 2014 World Cups with 2018, initially a Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test was performed. After verifying the normal distribution of the data, the one-way ANOVA test was used to compare data between the editions of the FIFA World Cup®. The significance level adopted was p < 0.05. It was verified that in the 2018 World Cup, the most reviewed bids by VAR were penalties, followed by offsides. When comparing the data from the 2010 and 2014 World Cups with 2018, it was verified that there were more penalties and a lower number of fouls, red cards and offsides in 2018. Therefore, it is concluded that VAR mainly reviewed the penalty shootouts, changing the average of fouls, red cards, penalties and offsides scored in the 2018 World Cup, compared to 2010 and 2014.
Variabilidade da frequência cardíaca, escalas psicométricas e desempenho de saltos em atletas de voleibol: jogos em casa e fora
Authors: Cardoso Ananda Silveira , Berriel Guilherme Pereira , Costa Rochelle Rocha , Gerlach Cleidir Luis , Kruel Luiz Fernando Martins
Published: September 2024

The home advantage is very consolidated in the literature. The aim of this research was to evaluate the behavior of heart rate variability (HRV), perceived recovery status (PRS) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and vertical jumps performance in professional volleyball athletes in home and away matches. Nine male professional volleyball athletes (25,66 ± 5,7 anos, 97,81 ± 8,65 Kg and 200,94 ± 5,19 cm), with experience in national and international competitions participated in the study. HRV and PRS were evaluated in the morning of the matches. RPE was collected immediately after the matches. Jump performance was monitored during the matches. The data was grouped by home matches and away matches and the t test or Wilcoxon test was performed for comparison. Significance level adopted was α ≤ 0.05. Effect size was analyzed by Cohen’s d coefficient. O nível de significância adotado foi α ≤ 0,05.  There were no significant difference in HRV, PRS, RPE, jumps height and number of jumps evaluated in home matches and away matches. We conclude that despite the home advantage consolidated in the literature and possible adverse effects of travel on away matches, the VFC, PRS, RPE and jump performance were similar in the two situations evaluated.
Two new species of the spider wasp genus Paracyphononyx Gribodo, 1884 (Hymenoptera, Pompilidae) in China, with a key to Chinese species
Authors: LIU YONGXIU , SONG ZHIYAN , LI QIANG , MA LI
Published: September 2024

The taxonomy of the genus Paracyphononyx Gribodo, 1884 from China is studied. Two new species, P. pilisquamatus Liu & Ma, sp. nov. and P. noncarinulatus Liu & Ma, sp. nov., from Yunnan, Hainan, and Guangdong Provinces, are described and illustrated. A new combination is proposed for Paracyphononyx smithi (Banks, 1934), comb. nov. A key to the Chinese species of Paracyphononyx is provided.
8. Did This Book Achieve Its Aim? A Summary
Authors: Isaksson Bo
Published: September 2024

Chapter 8 concludes that the book has achieved the aim formulated in its introduction. It has explained why wa- has two formal variants (wə- and way-) in the Masoretic text; it has clarified the status of the short yiqṭol (with both past and jussive meanings) as a separate verbal morpheme distinct from long yiqṭol; how long yiqṭol was distinguished from short yiqṭol; why qaṭal came to alternate with the inherited wayyiqṭol; why wa-qaṭal acquired imperfective meanings and came to alternate with the inherited long yiqṭol (< *yaqtulu); and finally it has clarified the linguistic reality behind wa- in the ‘consecutive tenses’. As a corollary it is concluded that the term ‘consecutive’ is uncalled for in the grammatical description of Classical Biblical Hebrew
Comprehensive comparative analysis and development of molecular markers for Lasianthus species based on complete chloroplast genome sequences
Authors: Zhang Yue , Song Meifang , Tang Deying , Li Xianjing , Xu Niaojiao , Li Haitao , Qu Lu , Wang Yunqiang , Yin Cuiyun , Zhang Lixia , Zhang Zhonglian
Published: September 2024

Background

Lasianthus species are widely used in traditional Chinese folk medicine with high medicinal value. However, source materials and herbarium specimens are often misidentified due to morphological characteristics and commonly used DNA barcode fragments are not sufficient for accurately identifying Lasianthus species. To improve the molecular methods for distinguishing among Lasianthus species, we report the complete chloroplast (CP) genomes of Lasianthus attenuatus, Lasianthus henryi, Lasianthus hookeri, Lasianthus sikkimensis, obtained via high-throughput Illumina sequencing.

Results

These showed CP genomes size of 160164-160246 bp and a typical quadripartite structure, including a large single-copy region (86675–86848 bp), a small single-copy region (17177–17326 bp), and a pair of inverted repeats (28089–28135 bp). As a whole, the gene order, GC content and IR/SC boundary structure were remarkably similar among of the four Lasianthus CP genomes, the partial gene length and IR, LSC and SSC regions length are still different. The average GC content of the CP genomes was 36.71–36.75%, and a total of 129 genes were detected, including 83 different protein-coding genes, 8 different rRNA genes and 38 different tRNA genes. Furthermore, we compared our 4 complete CP genomes data with publicly available CP genome data from six other Lasianthus species, and we initially screened eleven highly variable region fragments were initially screened. We then evaluated the identification efficiency of eleven highly variable region fragments and 5 regular barcode fragments. Ultimately, we found that the optimal combination fragment' ITS2 + psaI-ycf4' could authenticated the Lasianthus species well. Additionally, the results of genome comparison of Rubiaceae species showed that the coding region is more conservative than the non-coding region, and the ycf1 gene shows the most significant variation. Finally, 49 species of CP genome sequences belonging to 16 genera of the Rubiaceae family were used to construct phylogenetic trees.

Conclusions

Our research is the first to analyze the chloroplast genomes of four species of Lasianthus in detail and we ultimately determined that the combination fragment' ITS2 + psaI-ycf4' is the optimal barcode combination for identifying the genus of Lasianthus. Meanwhile, we gathered the available CP genome sequences from the Rubiaceae and used them to construct the most comprehensive phylogenetic tree for the Rubiaceae family. These investigations provide an important reference point for further studies in the species identification, genetic diversity, and phylogenetic analyses of Rubiaceae species.
A latent profile analysis on adolescents' Non-Suicidal Self-Injury related to intrapersonal and interpersonal factors
Authors: Lee Jong-Sun , Kim Sojung , Lee Ji-Hyun , Kim Jae-Won , Yoo Jae Hyun , Han Doug Hyun , Hwang Hyunchan , Choi Chi-Hyun , Seo Dong-Gi
Published: September 2024

Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among adolescents continues to be a significant public health concern worldwide. A recent systematic review and meta-analysis found that the global prevalence of NSSI in adolescents aged 12–18 years was 17.2%, with higher rates reported among females (19.7%) than males (14.8%). This behavior has been linked to several negative outcomes, such as depression, anxiety, substance abuse, and suicidal ideation. The present study aimed to classify adolescents based on intrapersonal and interpersonal factors associated with NSSI proposed in Nock’s (2009) integrated model of NSSI, to identify distinct clusters targeting specific risk factors. This encompassed negative cognition, emotional vulnerability, poor coping skill, peer-victimization, family adaptability, and perceived stress. A total of 881 adolescents aged 11–16 years in South Korea completed self-reported questionnaires on automatic thoughts, depression, emotional regulation, peer victimization, family adaptability and perceived stress. Latent profile analysis (LPA) revealed three distinct classes: “the severe group”, “the moderate group”, “the mild group”. Class 3 (“severe group”: N = 127) exhibited greater severity related to NSSI, including negative cognition, emotional vulnerability, poor coping skills, peer victimization, and perceived stress, with weaker levels of factors that can prevent NSSI compared to class 1 (“mild group”: N = 416) and class 2 (“moderated group”: N = 338). The present study emphasizes the importance of considering both intrapersonal (e.g., negative automatic thoughts & emotional dysregulation) and interpersonal factors (i.e., peer victimization) when understanding NSSI - among adolescents. These findings can be utilized to develop interventions aimed at reducing the prevalence and severity of NSSI among adolescents.