bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microstructural and Optical Properties of MgAl2O4 Spinel: Effects of Mechanical Activation, Y2O3 and Graphene Additions
Authors: Obradovic Nina , Fahrenholtz William G. , Corlett Cole , Filipovic Suzana , Nikolic Marko , Marinkovic Bojan A. , Failla Simone , Sciti Diletta , Di Rosa Daniele , Sani Elisa
Published: December 2021

Magnesium aluminate and other alumina-based spinels attract attention due to their high hardness, high mechanical strength, and low dielectric constant. MgAl2O4 was produced by a solid-state reaction between MgO and α-Al2O3 powders. Mechanical activation for 30 min in a planetary ball mill was used to increase the reactivity of powders. Yttrium oxide and graphene were added to prevent abnormal grain growth during sintering. Samples were sintered by hot pressing under vacuum at 1450 °C. Phase composition and microstructure of sintered specimens were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Rietveld analysis revealed 100% pure spinel phase in all sintered specimens, and a decrease in crystallite size with the addition of yttria or graphene. Density measurements indicated that the mechanically activated specimen reached 99.6% relative density. Furthermore, the highest solar absorbance and highest spectral selectivity as a function of temperature were detected for the mechanically activated specimen with graphene addition. Mechanical activation is an efficient method to improve densification of MgAl2O4 prepared from mixed oxide powders, while additives improve microstructure and optical properties.
Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Fucoidan Extracts In Vitro
Authors: Ahmad Tauseef , Eapen Mathew Suji , Ishaq Muhammad , Park Ah Young , Karpiniec Samuel S. , Stringer Damien N. , Sohal Sukhwinder Singh , Fitton J. Helen , Guven Nuri , Caruso Vanni , Eri Rajaraman
Published: December 2021

Fucoidans are sulfated, complex, fucose-rich polymers found in brown seaweeds. Fucoidans have been shown to have multiple bioactivities, including anti-inflammatory effects, and are known to inhibit inflammatory processes via a number of pathways such as selectin blockade and enzyme inhibition, and have demonstrated inhibition of inflammatory pathologies in vivo. In this current investigation, fucoidan extracts from Undaria pinnatifida, Fucus vesiculosus, Macrocystis pyrifera, Ascophyllum nodosum, and Laminaria japonica were assessed for modulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine production (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and in a human macrophage line (THP-1). Fucoidan extracts exhibited no signs of cytotoxicity in THP-1 cells after incubation of 48 h. Additionally, all fucoidan extracts reduced cytokine production in LPS stimulated PBMCs and human THP-1 cells in a dose-dependent fashion. Notably, the 5–30 kDa subfraction from Macrocystis pyrifera was a highly effective inhibitor at lower concentrations. Fucoidan extracts from all species had significant anti-inflammatory effects, but the lowest molecular weight subfractions had maximal effects at low concentrations. These observations on various fucoidan extracts offer insight into strategies that improve their efficacy against inflammation-related pathology. Further studies should be conducted to elucidate the mechanism of action of these extracts.
Comparative Analysis of the Functional Properties of Films Based on Carrageenans, Chitosan, and Their Polyelectrolyte Complexes
Authors: Volod’ko Aleksandra V. , Davydova Viktoriya N. , Petrova Valentina A. , Romanov Dmitry P. , Pimenova Evgeniya A. , Yermak Irina M.
Published: December 2021

The influence of the structural features of carrageenan on the functional properties of the films was studied. The carrageenans and chitosan films, as well as three-layer films containing a polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) of the two, were prepared. The X-ray diffractograms of carrageenan films reflected its amorphous structure, whereas chitosan and three-layer films were characterized by strong reflection in the regions of 20° and 15° angles, respectively. The SEM of the cross-sectional morphology showed dense packing of the chitosan film, as well as the layer-by-layer structure of different densities for the PEC. Among the tested samples, κ/β-carrageenan and chitosan films showed the highest tensile strength and maximum elongation. Films containing the drug substance echinochrome were obtained. Mucoadhesive properties were assessed as the ability of the films to swell on the mucous tissue and their erosion after contact with the mucosa. All studied films exhibited mucoadhesive properties. All studied films exhibited mucoadhesive properties which depended on the carrageenans structure. Multilayer films are stronger than single-layer carrageenan films due to PEC formation. The resulting puncture strength of the obtained films was comparable to that of commercial samples described in the literature.
Experimental Study on the Short-Term Uniaxial Creep Characteristics of Sandstone-Coal Composite Samples
Authors: Yin Dawei , Wang Feng , Zhang Jicheng , Li Faxin , Zhu Chun , Feng Fan
Published: December 2021

In this investigation, the uniaxial short-term creep tests with multi-step loading were conducted on the sandstone-coal composite samples, and the characteristics of creep strength, creep deformation, acoustic emission (AE), and creep failure of composite samples were studied, respectively. The creep strength of the composite sample decreased with the stress-level duration, which was mainly determined by the coal and influenced by the interactions with the sandstone. The creep deformation and damage of sandstone weakened the deformation and damage accumulation within the coal, resulting in the larger strength for the composite sample compared with the pure coal sample. The axial creep strain of composite sample generally increased with the stress-level or the stress-level duration under same conditions. The AE characteristics of composite sample were related to the creep strain rate, the stress level, the stress level duration, and the local failure or fracture during creep loading. The micro or macro failure and fracture within the composite sample caused the rise in the axial creep strains and the frequency and intensity of AE signals, especially the macro failure and fracture. The creep failures of composite samples mainly occurred within the coal with the splitting ejection failure accompanied by the local shear failure, and no obvious failures were found within the sandstone. The coal in the composite sample became more broken with the stress-level duration.
Analysis of Acrylic and Methacrylic Networks through Pyrolysis-GC/MS
Authors: Belbakra Zakaria , Napoli Alessandro , Cherkaoui Zoubair , Allonas Xavier
Published: December 2021

A direct analytical method developed to characterize UV-cured networks based on multi-step pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) is presented. Application of the method to characterize (meth)acrylate-based UV-cured networks is discussed. The reversion process of methacrylates is clearly observed during pyrolysis. In contrast, the decomposition of acrylates in high molecular weight degradation products is hardly detected. The potential impact of this technique to elucidate the structural and compositional nature of UV-cured polymeric networks is highlighted.
An Effective Baseline Correction Algorithm Using Broad Gaussian Vectors for Chemical Agent Detection with Known Raman Signature Spectra
Authors: Yu Hyeong Geun , Park Dong Jo , Chang Dong Eui , Nam Hyunwoo
Published: December 2021

Raman spectroscopy, which analyzes a Raman scattering spectrum of a target, has emerged as a key technology for non-contact chemical agent (CA) detection. Many CA detection algorithms based on Raman spectroscopy have been studied. However, the baseline, which is caused by fluorescence generated when measuring the Raman scattering spectrum, degrades the performance of CA detection algorithms. Therefore, we propose a baseline correction algorithm that removes the baseline, while minimizing the distortion of the Raman scattering spectrum. Assuming that the baseline is a linear combination of broad Gaussian vectors, we model the measured spectrum as a linear combination of broad Gaussian vectors, bases of background materials and the reference spectra of target CAs. Then, we estimate the baseline and Raman scattering spectrum together using the least squares method. Design parameters of the broad Gaussian vectors are discussed. The proposed algorithm requires reference spectra of target CAs and the background basis matrix. Such prior information can be provided when applying the CA detection algorithm. Via the experiment with real CA spectra measured by the Raman spectrometer, we show that the proposed baseline correction algorithm is more effective for removing the baseline and improving the detection performance, than conventional baseline correction algorithms.
Parameter Estimation for Interrupted Sampling Repeater Jamming Based on ADMM
Authors: Wang Chaoyu , Hu Wanwan , Geng Zhe , Zhang Jindong , Zhu Daiyin
Published: December 2021

By repeatedly sampling, storing, and retransmitting parts of the radar signal, interrupted sampling repeater jamming (ISRJ) based on digital radio frequency memory (DRFM) can produce a train of secondary false targets symmetrical to the main false target, threatening to mislead or deceive the victim radar system. This paper proposes a computationally-effective method to estimating the parameters for ISRJ by resorting to the framework of alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM). Firstly, the analytical form of pulse compression is derived. Then, for the purpose of estimating the parameters of ISRJ, the original problem is transformed into a nonlinear integer optimization model with respect to a window vector. On this basis, the ADMM is introduced to decompose the nonlinear integer optimization model into a series of sub-problems to estimate the width and number of ISRJ’s sample slices. Finally, the numerical simulation results show that, compared with the traditional time-frequency (TF) method, the proposed method exhibits much better performance in accuracy and stability.
A Cybersecure P300-Based Brain-to-Computer Interface against Noise-Based and Fake P300 Cyberattacks
Authors: Mezzina Giovanni , Annese Valerio F. , De Venuto Daniela
Published: December 2021

In a progressively interconnected world where the Internet of Things (IoT), ubiquitous computing, and artificial intelligence are leading to groundbreaking technology, cybersecurity remains an underdeveloped aspect. This is particularly alarming for brain-to-computer interfaces (BCIs), where hackers can threaten the user’s physical and psychological safety. In fact, standard algorithms currently employed in BCI systems are inadequate to deal with cyberattacks. In this paper, we propose a solution to improve the cybersecurity of BCI systems. As a case study, we focus on P300-based BCI systems using support vector machine (SVM) algorithms and EEG data. First, we verified that SVM algorithms are incapable of identifying hacking by simulating a set of cyberattacks using fake P300 signals and noise-based attacks. This was achieved by comparing the performance of several models when validated using real and hacked P300 datasets. Then, we implemented our solution to improve the cybersecurity of the system. The proposed solution is based on an EEG channel mixing approach to identify anomalies in the transmission channel due to hacking. Our study demonstrates that the proposed architecture can successfully identify 99.996% of simulated cyberattacks, implementing a dedicated counteraction that preserves most of BCI functions.
FedVoting: A Cross-Silo Boosting Tree Construction Method for Privacy-Preserving Long-Term Human Mobility Prediction
Authors: Liu Yinghao , Fan Zipei , Song Xuan , Shibasaki Ryosuke
Published: December 2021

The prediction of human mobility can facilitate resolving many kinds of urban problems, such as reducing traffic congestion, and promote commercial activities, such as targeted advertising. However, the requisite personal GPS data face privacy issues. Related organizations can only collect limited data and they experience difficulties in sharing them. These data are in “isolated islands” and cannot collectively contribute to improving the performance of applications. Thus, the method of federated learning (FL) can be adopted, in which multiple entities collaborate to train a collective model with their raw data stored locally and, therefore, not exchanged or transferred. However, to predict long-term human mobility, the performance and practicality would be impaired if only some models were simply combined with FL, due to the irregularity and complexity of long-term mobility data. Therefore, we explored the optimized construction method based on the high-efficient gradient-boosting decision tree (GBDT) model with FL and propose the novel federated voting (FedVoting) mechanism, which aggregates the ensemble of differential privacy (DP)-protected GBDTs by the multiple training, cross-validation and voting processes to generate the optimal model and can achieve both good performance and privacy protection. The experiments show the great accuracy in long-term predictions of special event attendance and point-of-interest visits. Compared with training the model independently for each silo (organization) and state-of-art baselines, the FedVoting method achieves a significant accuracy improvement, almost comparable to the centralized training, at a negligible expense of privacy exposure.
Acceptance and Preferences of Using Ambient Sensor-Based Lifelogging Technologies in Home Environments
Authors: Offermann Julia , Wilkowska Wiktoria , Poli Angelica , Spinsante Susanna , Ziefle Martina
Published: December 2021

Diverse sensor-based technologies can be used to track (older and frail) people’s movements and behaviors in order to detect anomalies and emergencies. Using several ambient sensors and integrating them into an assisting ambient system allows for the early identification of emergency situations and health-related changes. Typical examples are passive infrared sensors (PIR), humidity and temperature sensors (H&T) as well as magnetic sensors (MAG). So far, it is not known whether and to what extent these three specific sensor types are perceived and accepted differently by future users. Therefore, the present study analyzed the perception of benefits and barriers as well as acceptance of these specific sensor-based technologies using an online survey (reaching N=312 German participants). The results show technology-related differences, especially regarding the perception of benefits. Furthermore, the participants estimated the costs of these sensors to be higher than they are, but at the same time showed a relatively high willingness to pay for the implementation of sensor-based technologies in their home environment. The results enable the derivation of guidelines for both the technical development and the communication and information of assisting sensor-based technologies and systems.
Ultra-Low-Power FinFETs-Based TPCA-PUF Circuit for Secure IoT Devices
Authors: Monteiro Cancio , Takahashi Yasuhiro
Published: December 2021

Low-power and secure crypto-devices are in crucial demand for the current emerging technology of the Internet of Things (IoT). In nanometer CMOS technology, the static and dynamic power consumptions are in a very critical challenge. Therefore, the FinFETs is an alternative technology due to its superior attributes of non-leakage power, intra-die variability, low-voltage operation, and lower retention voltage of SRAMs. In this study, our previous work on CMOS two-phase clocking adiabatic physical unclonable function (TPCA-PUF) is evaluated in a FinFET device with a 4-bits PUF circuit complexity. The TPCA-PUF-based shorted-gate (SG) and independent-gate (IG) modes of FinFETs are investigated under various ambient temperatures, process variations, and ±20% of supply voltage variations. To validate the proposed TPCA-PUF circuit, the QUALPFU-based Fin-FETs are compared in terms of cyclical energy dissipation, the security metrics of the uniqueness, the reliability, and the bit-error-rate (BER). The proposed TPCA-PUF is simulated using 45 nm process technology with a supply voltage of 1 V. The uniqueness, reliability, and the BER of the proposed TPCA-PUF are 50.13%, 99.57%, and 0.43%, respectively. In addition, it requires a start-up power of 18.32 nW and consumes energy of 2.3 fJ/bit/cycle at the reference temperature of 27 °C.
Multilayer Network Approach in EEG Motor Imagery with an Adaptive Threshold
Authors: Covantes-Osuna César , López Jhonatan B. , Paredes Omar , Vélez-Pérez Hugo , Romo-Vázquez Rebeca
Published: December 2021

The brain has been understood as an interconnected neural network generally modeled as a graph to outline the functional topology and dynamics of brain processes. Classic graph modeling is based on single-layer models that constrain the traits conveyed to trace brain topologies. Multilayer modeling, in contrast, makes it possible to build whole-brain models by integrating features of various kinds. The aim of this work was to analyze EEG dynamics studies while gathering motor imagery data through single-layer and multilayer network modeling. The motor imagery database used consists of 18 EEG recordings of four motor imagery tasks: left hand, right hand, feet, and tongue. Brain connectivity was estimated by calculating the coherence adjacency matrices from each electrophysiological band (δ, θ, α and β) from brain areas and then embedding them by considering each band as a single-layer graph and a layer of the multilayer brain models. Constructing a reliable multilayer network topology requires a threshold that distinguishes effective connections from spurious ones. For this reason, two thresholds were implemented, the classic fixed (average) one and Otsu’s version. The latter is a new proposal for an adaptive threshold that offers reliable insight into brain topology and dynamics. Findings from the brain network models suggest that frontal and parietal brain regions are involved in motor imagery tasks.
A Design Technique of Traction Motor for Efficiency Improvement Based on Multiobjective Optimization
Authors: Guo Shoulun , Zhao Huichao , Wang Yu , Yin Xiangrui , Qi Hongyang , Li Pei , Lin Zhanxi
Published: December 2021

With the increasing demand of driving range of new energy vehicle (NEV), design optimization for energy efficiency of traction motors became more important. However, traction motor design is complex since multiple objectives should be satisfied, such as the required torque-speed operating range and package and thermal constraints. This dramatically increases the computation time of the design optimization process, while the additional energy efficiency objective of the whole driving cycle. This paper proposes an equivalent driving cycle points extraction method, based on energy consumption equivalence to facilitate the design optimization of traction motors. This paper presents necessary rules of multiobjective optimization methods, and then gives an optimization process and proves the effectiveness.
Programa de juegos pre-deportivos para mejorar la atención de los estudiantes de la Unidad Educativa Franklin Delano Roosevelt
Authors: Medranda Cedeño Jose Cristhian , Antón Vera Gustavo Enrique
Published: December 2021

El presente trabajo de investigación busca mejorar la atención en estudiantes durante las clases de educación física. La literatura científica revela la necesidad de un óptimo proceso neuropsicológico como la atención y la memoria para el buen desempeño del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje del alumnado. Para lo cual se aplicó la técnica Toulouse – Pieron que permitió medir el Índice General de Atención y Percepción a 90 estudiantes de entre 14 y 17 años de la unidad educativa franklin Delano Roosevelt de la ciudad de Portoviejo. El objetivo general consistió en mejorar la capacidad atentiva considerando que la educación física favorece al desarrollo integral del ser humano, para ello se desarrolló un programa de juegos pre deportivos que ayudo claramente a cumplir los objetivos para los estudiantes involucrados, cuyo proceso fue aplicado durante las clases de educación física, ya que mayoritariamente se trabaja con actividades compuestas y combinadas determinando que exista una mejora considerable en el proceso atentivo. Los resultados muestran que la investigación procuró el cumplimiento de los objetivos trazados.

PALABRAS CLAVE: Atención; Memoria; Programa; Juegos pre deportivos; educación física.

Pre-sports games program to improve the attention of the students of the Franklin Delano Roosevelt Educational Unit

ABSTRACT

This research work seeks to improve student attention during physical education classes. The scientific literature reveals the need for an optimal neuropsychological process such as attention and memory for the good performance of the teaching-learning process of the students. For this, the Toulouse-Piéron technique was applied, which allowed the measurement of the General Index of Attention and Perception to 90 students between 14 and 17 years old from the Franklin Delano Roosevelt educational unit in the city of Portoviejo. The general objective was to improve the attentive capacity considering that physical education favors the integral development of the human being, for this pre-sports games program was developed that clearly helped to meet the objectives for the students involved, whose process was applied during the physical education classes, since most of them work with composite and combined activities, determining that there is a considerable improvement in the attention process. The results show that the research sought to meet the objectives set.

KEYWORDS: Attention; Memory; Program; Pre sports games; physical education.
Perjamuan Kudus Sebagai Sarana Pastoral Bagi Penderita Penyakit Terminal Illness di HKBP
Authors: Sinaga Damaiyanti , Dameria Christina , Bratanata Dewi Sintha
Published: December 2021

Terminal illness merupakan penyakit yang menyebabkan penderita mengalami berbagai dinamika kedukaan seperti marah, depresi, menolak bahwa ia seorang penderita dan kematian yang segera terjadi. Karena kematian bagi seorang penderita terminal illness tidak terjadi secara mendadak tetapi proses yang membuat penderita terminal illness semakin lama menjadi sekarat. Dalam proses tersebut, penderita terminal illness membutuhkan pelayanan pastoral. Selain kunjungan pastoral, HKBP juga melayankan perjamuan kudus bagi penderita terminal illnes di HKBP. Tetapi pelayanan ini dilaksanakan atas permintaan keluarga, jika mereka sudah siap untuk melepas keluarga mereka yang sakit. Ada anggapan bahwa perjamuan kudus adalah pelayanan untuk mempersiapkan kematian. Jadi, ada yang menerima dan ada yang menolak. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk meninjau dan menganalisis makna teologis dan tujuan pelayanan perjamuan kudus bagi orang sakit di HKBP. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam dan studi pustaka serta analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis mengalir, yaitu mengumpulkan, mengolah, dan menarik kesimpulan. Dari data yang diperoleh bahwa perjamuan kudus kudus mengandung fungsi pastoral seperti menopang, menyembuhkan, dan mendamaikan dan dapat dilayankan sebagai pelayanan tanpa permintaan keluarga atau ijin keluarga. Sebab, perjamuan kudus bukan untuk melegitimasi kematian dari orang yang menerima perjamuan tersebut. Selain itu, perjamuan kudus juga dapat diberdayagunakan sebagai bentuk persekutuan yang mempersatukan keluarga. Melalui persekutuan tersebut atau kehadiran secara fisik, keluarga bisa berdoa dan membuka ruang percakapan pastoral bagi keluarga sehingga keluarga bisa satu hati berdoa bagi PTI.
Amar al rey como “Señor natural”, una obligación por naturaleza en las Siete Partidas de Alfonso X
Authors: Miceli Paola
Published: December 2021

El artículo tiene por objetivo el análisis del doble movimiento que se realiza en Las Siete Partidas de Alfonso X en torno del constructo jurídico “Señor natural”, concepto clave en el programa político del rey Sabio. Por un lado, se reelabora y juridiza el concepto de “Señor natural”, colocando al rey por encima de cualquier otro estamento; por otro, se instituye la obligación con el “Señor natural” como la mejor de todas las “obligaciones naturales”. Todo conjuga en un nuevo concepto de “Señor natural” (alejado ya de la cualidad personal o del linaje del monarca) afincado en los hombres y en la tierra, que deviene en Partidas una obligación natural, reaseguro del monarca para ejercer dominium en la totalidad del reino.
La ambigüedad semántica como recurso filosófico en el Hipias Menor de Platón
Authors: Ciruzzi Luciano
Published: December 2021

El Hipias Menor es uno de los diálogos más breves de Platón. Su ubicación dentro del conjunto del corpus constituye un motivo de controversia entre los especialistas. Si bien la autenticidad del diálogo quedó probada a partir de una mención de Aristóteles en Metafísica V, 1025 a6, no han faltado quienes desestimaran absolutamente su valor filosófico. Alejados de esta postura extrema, se encuentran quienes han señalado el sentido propedéutico que tendría el diálogo respecto de algunos temas recurrentes en la obra posterior de Platón. Asimismo, en los últimos años se han propuesto lecturas que intentan mostrar las tensiones que el Hipias presentaría en relación a textos de otros socráticos. En el presente trabajo ensayaremos una vindicación del diálogo atendiendo a su valor intrínseco, considerando que Platón ofrece en él una sutil distinción de dos entramados conceptuales diferentes, sobre una misma base terminológica. Si la argumentación va por buen cauce, veremos que el gesto filosófico de Platón en este diálogo consiste en operar con una serie de términos críticos para la conciencia ateniense de finales del siglo V. a.C., para inscribir en ellos dos sentidos posibles, restituyendo de este modo la problematicidad de los mismos.
O Espírito da Escola de Samba nos corredores da Rádio Nacional
Authors: García Walter
Published: December 2021

Este ensaio estuda os sentidos do samba “Fechou o paletó” (Zé Kéti) no filme Rio Zona Norte, de Nelson Pereira dos Santos, de 1957. Analisam-se os elementos musicais da sua apresentação, com destaque para a harmonia característica dos conjuntos regionais. Interpretam-se os elementos da narrativa que compõem “a alma” da canção, uma experiência complexa formada no trânsito entre malandragem e delinquência, trabalho formal e trabalho informal. E discute-se o encontro frustrado entre Espírito da Luz Soares, um sambista negro morador do morro, e a cantora Ângela Maria, grande nome da Rádio Nacional do Rio de Janeiro.
УКРАЇНСЬКА ТЕРМІНОГРАФІЯ ДЛЯ ЗАКЛАДІВ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ І ЇЇ КРИТИКА
Authors: Петрова Т. О.
Published: December 2021

У статті схарактеризовано термінографію для закладів вищої освіти як самостійний напрям української навчальної термінографії. Засвідчено її здобутки, що утворюють систему навчальних термінологічних словників. Простежено, що безперервна практика рецензування університетських термінологічних словників випереджає теорію. Установлено, що в термінографічній критиці для оцінювання навчальних словників використовують жанри критичного (розлогі, стислі рецензії) і рекламного (рецензії-анотації) дискурсів.
КОГНІТИВНО-КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ АСПЕКТИ Й КОМУНІКАТИВНО-ПРАГМАТИЧНІ ВИЯВИ ВВІЧЛИВОСТІ В АНГЛІЙСЬКИХ ЛІНГВОКУЛЬТУРАХ (британській, американській, австралійській)
Authors: Гнатюк Л. Я.
Published: December 2021

Розглянуто когнітивно-концептуальні аспекти й комунікативно-прагматичні вияви категорії ввічливості, зокрема комунікативних стратегій позитивної та негативної ввічливості, для позначення етнокультурної своєрідності досліджуваного мовленнєвого феномена на фактичному матеріалі англійськомовних просторів. Схарактеризовано принцип Поліанни, концепцію збереження обличчя, positive face (позитивне обличчя) i negative face (негативне обличчя). Розглянуто категорію ввічливості в теорії та практиці міжкультурної комунікації; схарактеризовано стратегії ввічливої поведінки в різних лінгвокультурних просторах як маркери меж норми, що визначають ефективність міжособистісної інтеракції в умовах міжкультурного спілкування
КРИТИЧНА ОЦІНКА УКРАЇНСЬКИХ ТЕРМІНОЛОГІЧНИХ СЛОВНИКІВ
Authors: Халіман О. В.
Published: December 2021

Термінографічна наука ґрунтується, по-перше, на строгій відповідності теорії, її законів і принципів, по-друге, на термінографічній практиці, що вимагає чималих зусиль від термінографів, по-третє, важлива й історія термінографії, що дає змогу простежити розвиток кожної національної термінографії. Але особливо потрібна й термінографічна критика, що як самостійний напрям лише окреслювалася впродовж тривалого часу, не маючи належного опису. Отже, рецензована монографія надзвичайно актуальна, оскільки вона заповнює лакуну українського мовознавства й стверджує наявність самостійного напряму критики термінографічних джерел. У цьому вбачаємо й важливість, і новизну цього дослідження.
Analisis Ukuran Perusahaan, Profitabilitas dan Leverage terhadap Penghindaran Pajak pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Novita N , Janrosl Viola Syukrina E
Published: December 2021

Sektor pajak merupakan salah satu sumber penerimaan negara yang memberikan kontribusi besar bagi negara.  Tetapi entitas cenderung memiliki tujuan yang berbeda dalam memenuhi tujuan mereka untuk mencapai keuntungan maksimal dengan mengambil keuntungan dari celah dalam meminimalkan beban pajak mereka. Studi ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan efek dari ukuran perusahaan, profitabilitas dan leverage pada penghindaran pajak. Populasi yang digunakan sebagai objek penelitian ini adalah entitas subsektor makanan dan minuman di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2016-2020. Metode sampling dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling sehingga mendapatkan 14 sampel perusahaan dari 34 populasi perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Pengolahan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan program IBM SPSS 26. Metode riset yang dipakai ialah metode regresi berganda untuk mengkaji variabel bebas kepada variabel terikat. Hasil tes dari riset ini menunjukkan bahwa ukuran perusahaan, profitabilitas, dan leverage terhadap penghindaran pajak dibuktikan melalui uji t untuk memperoleh hasil secara individual oleh masing-masing variabel dan uji F untuk memperoleh hasil secara keseluruhan dari semua variabel. Uji t menunjukkan bahwa ukuran perusahaan memiliki efek signifikan pada penghindaran pajak. Profitabilitas memiliki efek signifikan pada penghindaran pajak. Leverage tidak memiliki efek signifikan pada penghindaran pajak. Ukuran perusahaan, profitabilitas dan leverage secara bersamaan memiliki efek signifikan pada penghindaran pajak.
ALLERGIC RHINITIS SYMPTOMS PREVALENCE IN CHILDREN OF KHARKIV CITY
Authors: Klymenko V.A. , Karpushenko J.V. , Drobova N.M. , Kozhyna O.S.
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the study was to identify the prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) symptoms in children of Kharkiv city and to establish the dynamics of symptoms since 1998. The study is phase IV of the international ISAAC program. It was conducted in 2015-2017. 5735 children were interviewed, including 3238 children aged 6-7 years old and 2197 children aged 13-14 years old. The incidence of non-cold-related sneezing was found in 14.7% and 16.1%, respectively; during the past 12 months similar problems with nose breathing were noted in 9.1% and 9.9%; accompanied by conjunctivitis – in 3.4% and 4.8% of children 6-7 and 13-14 years, respectively. Most patients had seasonal exacerbations and mild / moderate rhinitis. The AR diagnosis was verified in 12.2% and 11.3% of children, respectively. The decreasing of AR symptoms prevalence was found in children of all ages. The dynamics of the AR symptoms prevalence, "eye" symptoms over the past 20 years show a probable decrease in all indicators, which can be explained by the widespread introduction in medical practice of screening methods for the disease diagnosing, activation of primary and secondary prevention.
Kırım - Kongo Kanamalı Ateşi: 10 Olgunun Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: BARAN Ali İrfan , ÇELİK Mehmet , ARSLAN Yusuf , MENTEŞ Osman , SÜNNETÇİOĞU Mahmut
Published: December 2021

Öz.Amaç: Kırım-Kongo Kanamalı Ateşi, 2002 yılından itibaren ülkemizde epidemik olarak görül-meye başlayan zoonotik bir viral enfeksiyon hastalığıdır. Bu sunuda Kırım-Kongo Kanamalı Ateşi tanısı alan 10 olgunun klinik, epidemiyolojik ve laboratuvar bulgularının değerlendirilme-si amaçlanmıştır.Materyal ve Metod: 2011-2016 tarihleri arasında Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji servisimizde Kırım-Kongo Kanamalı Ateşi tanısı ile yatırılarak takip edilen 10 olgu retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Takip edilen tüm olgularımız nisan-ağustos tarihleri arasında başvurmuştu. Olguları-mızın dördü kadın altısı erkek idi. Ortalama yaş 42.7±10.75 yıldı. Yedi olguya PCR, üç olguya ise ELISA yöntemiyle tanı konuldu. Hemorajik semptom gözlenen iki olgudan birine kan ürünü desteği sağlandı. Ribavirin tedavisi sadece bir olguya verildi. Bununla birlikte tüm olgulara destek tedavisi verildi. Klinik tablosu düzelen tüm olguların ayaktan takipleri yapılacak şekilde taburculuğu yapıldı.Sonuç: Kırım-Kongo Kanamalı Ateşi nadir görülen bir hastalıktır. Özellikle bahar ve yaz ayların-da ateş şikayetiyle başvuran, trombositopeni, lökopeni, karaciğer fonksiyon testlerinde bo-zulma görülen hastalarda kene temas öyküsü sorgulanmalı ve Kırım-Kongo Kanamalı Ateşi tanısı atlanmamalıdır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Viral kanamalı ateş, Kırım Kongo hemorajik ateşi, Keneler
Towards a Right to Learn: Concepts and Measurement of Global Education Poverty
Authors: Kaffenberger Michelle , Pritchett Lant , Viarengo Martina
Published: December 2021

The idea that children have a “right to education” has been widely accepted since the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948 (United Nations, 1948) and periodically reinforced since. The “right to education” has always, explicitly or implicitly, encompassed a “right to learn.” Measures of schooling alone, such as enrollment or grade attainment, without reference to skills, capabilities, and competencies acquired, are inadequate for defining education or education poverty. Because of education’s cumulative and dynamic nature, education poverty needs an “early” standard (e.g., Grade 3 or 4 or age 8 or 10) and a “late” standard (e.g., Grade 10 or 12 or ages 15 and older). Further, as with all international poverty definitions, there needs to be a low, extreme standard, which is found almost exclusively in low- and middle-income countries and can inform prioritization and action, and a higher “global” standard, against which even some children in high income countries would be considered education poor but which is considered a reasonable aspiration for all children. As assessed against any proposed standard, we show there is a massive learning crisis: students spend many years in school and yet do not reach an early standard of mastery of foundational skills nor do they reach any reasonable global minimum standard by the time they emerge from school. The overwhelming obstacle to addressing education poverty today is not enrollment/grade attainment nor inequality in learning achievement, but the fact that the typical learning profile is just too shallow for children to reach minimum standards.
An Instrument for Measuring Teachers’ Trust in AI-Based Educational Technology
Authors: Nazaretsky Tanya , Cukurova Mutlu , Alexandron Giora
Published: December 2021

Evidence from various domains underlines the key role that human factors, and especially, trust, play in the adoption of technology by practitioners. In the case of Artificial Intelligence (AI) driven learning analytics tools, the issue is even more complex due to practitioners’ AI-specific misconceptions, myths, and fears (i.e., mass unemployment and ethical concerns). In recent years, artificial intelligence has been introduced increasingly into K-12 education. However, little research has been conducted on the trust and attitudes of K-12 teachers regarding the use and adoption of AI-based Educational Technology (EdTech). The present study introduces a new instrument to measure teachers' trust in AI-based EdTech, provides evidence of its internal structure validity, and uses it to portray secondary-level school teachers' attitudes toward AI. First, we explain the instrument items creation process based on our preliminary research and review of existing tools in other domains. Second, using Exploratory Factor Analysis we analyze the results from 132 teachers’ input. The results reveal eight factors influencing teachers’ trust in adopting AI-based EdTech: Perceived Benefits of AI-based EdTech, AI-based EdTech's Lack of Human Characteristics, AI-based EdTech's Perceived Lack of Transparency, Anxieties Related to Using AI-based EdTech, Self-efficacy in Using AI-based EdTech, Required Shift in Pedagogy to Adopt AI-based EdTech, Preferred Means to Increase Trust in AI-based EdTech, and AI-based EdTech vs Human Advice/Recommendation. Finally, we use the instrument to discuss 132 high-school Biology teachers' responses to the survey items and to what extent they align with the findings from the literature in relevant domains.The contribution of this research is twofold. First, it introduces a reliable instrument to investigate the role of teachers’ trust in AI-based EdTech and the factors influencing it. Second, the findings from the teachers’ survey can guide creators of teacher professional development courses and policymakers on improving teachers’ trust in, and in turn their willingness to adopt, AI-based EdTech in K-12 education.
Empowering Teachers with AI: Co-Designing a Learning Analytics Tool for Personalized Instruction in the Science Classroom
Authors: Nazaretsky Tanya , Bar Carmel , Walter Michal , Alexandron Giora
Published: December 2021

AI-based educational technology that is designed to support teachers in providing personalized instruction can enhance their ability to address the needs of individual students, hopefully leading to better learning gains. This paper presents results from participatory research aimed at co-designing with science teachers a learning analytics tool that will assist them in implementing a personalized pedagogy in blended learning contexts. The development process included three stages. In the first, we interviewed a group of teachers to identify where and how personalized instruction may be integrated into their teaching practices. This yielded a clustering-based personalization strategy. Next, we designed a mock-up of an AI-based tool that supports this strategy and worked with another group of teachers to define an `explainable learning analytics' scheme that explains each cluster in a way that is both pedagogically meaningful and can be generated automatically. Third, we developed an AI algorithm that supports this `explainable clusters' pedagogy and conducted a controlled experiment that evaluated its contribution to teachers' ability to plan personalized learning sequences. The planned sequences were evaluated in a blinded fashion by an expert, and the results demonstrated that the experimental group -- teachers who received the clusters with the explanations -- designed sequences that addressed the difficulties exhibited by different groups of students better than those designed by teachers who received the clusters without explanations. The main contribution of this study is twofold. First, it presents an effective personalization approach that fits blended learning in the science classroom, which combines a real-time clustering algorithm with an explainable-AI scheme that can automatically build pedagogically meaningful explanations from item-level meta-data (Q Matrix). Second, it demonstrates how such an end-to-end learning analytics solution can be built with teachers through a co-design process and highlights the types of knowledge that teachers add to system-provided analytics in order to apply them to their local context. As a practical contribution, this process informed the design of a new learning analytics tool that was integrated into a free online learning platform that is being used by more than 1000 science teachers.
Scaling behavior of ferroelectric FET with reduction in number of domains in ferroelectric layer
Authors: Jindal Sourabh , Manhas Sanjeev Kumar , Balatti Simone , Kumar Arvind , Pakala Mahendra
Published: December 2021

With the gate-length scaling, the number of domains in FeFET is reduced to a few or a single domain. In this paper, we investigate the effect of multi-domains versus few/single-domain behavior in FeFET. The abrupt polarization switching behavior of a single-domain is obtained by modifying the Preisach model in which the difference between saturation and remnant polarization (P
s−P
r) is reduced. We show that for the same program/erase voltage, a two-times higher memory window can be achieved with single/few-domains FeFET than the multi-domain FeFET. Further, at fixed program/erase voltage, the scaling behavior shows improved variability due to increased polarization-induced vertical field with single-domain FeFET. We present an optimized device with a single-domain FeFET having a low operating voltage of ±2.4 V but with the same device performance that can be achieved for multi-domain FeFET having a higher operating voltage of ±5 V, which is highly promising for low power applications.
Omnidirectional reflection control of plane waves via giant magnetostrictive materials
Authors: Xue Xiaowei , Li Peng , Jin Feng
Published: December 2021

The omnidirectional reflection behaviors of elastic waves and tuned by external magnetic fields are investigated in this paper. The projected band structures are used for analyzing omnidirectional reflection bands, which are also validated by the refraction spectra. It is demonstrated that the omnidirectional reflection phenomenon can be efficiently tuned via the external magnetic field imposed on the Terfenol-D layer. Furthermore, an absolute band gap can be achieved by constructing two superlattices in tandem with different magnetic fields. Our design scheme and the modulation methodology open a new prospect for designing active acoustic mirrors and filters with high quality.
Dark modes in symmetric bulk Dirac semimetal dimers excited by cylindrical vector beams
Authors: Zhang Liangang , Ma Rui , Long Tianqi , Liu Guidong , Wang Ling-ling , Lin Qi
Published: December 2021

Dark plasmonic modes with sharp spectral resonance peak and exceptionally high quality factor makes it essential for applications in bio-chemical sensing and fluorescence enhancement. Here, we investigate the mid-infrared spectral responses of bulk Dirac semimetal (BDS) dimers under focused azimuthally polarized and radially polarized cylindrical vector beams (CVB). Through numerical simulations, we obtained direct excitation of dark modes and revealed how the beams manipulate the dipole hybridization to produce these modes. By tuning the Fermi energy of BDS, the resonant wavelength of the dark modes can be further adjusted. Our results may find the application of CVB in plasmonic sensing.
La personalización de la enseñanza en el aprendizaje del español en línea: apuntes de una experiencia en República Checa
Authors:   Španělština do plavek, Kudrnová Ivana , González Lillyam ,   Ostravská univerzita
Published: December 2021

A partir de la enseñanza asíncrona surgen inquietudes en torno a la mejor forma de hacer seguimiento, mantener la motivación y evitar la deserción en el aprendizaje de una lengua extranjera. En este artículo se presentan los retos y aprendizajes de ELE desde el proyecto checo de Španělština do plavek y las estrategias para mantener vivo el aprendizaje de la lengua española a través del mundo virtual. Se enfatiza en la personalización de la enseñanza, el ajuste y verificación de herramientas y recursos y en la puesta en práctica de retos, con una duración determinada para mantener despierto el interés por el aprendizaje.
IMPALEMENT OF AN UNUSUAL FOREIGN BODY IN THE LEG – A CASE REPORT
Authors: Venkata Mahipathy Surya Rao Rao , Durairaj Alagar Raja , Sundaramurthy Narayanamurthy , Jayachandiran Anand Prasath , Rajendran Suresh
Published: December 2021

Foreign body penetration is not uncommon and may be glass, shrapnel, needles, etc. and may occur in almost any part of the body. Impalement
injury is when a blunt force causes a long object to penetrate a body part resulting in retention of the object in situ. The management following
foreign body penetration includes tetanus prophylaxis, parenteral antibiotic cover and removal of the foreign body in the theatre with exploration
for neurovascular injury, thorough debridement and repair of any damaged tissue. Here, we report a case of an industrial foreign body that impaled a
middle aged male while at work in the left leg which was carefully removed under anaesthesia with no post-operative complications.
Possibility that extensors respond faster than flexors for the metacarpophalangeal joints in individuals with severe-to-moderate stroke-caused impairment: A pilot study
Authors: Kim Dongwon , Baghi Raziyeh , Koh Kyung , Zhang Li-Qun
Published: December 2021

Damage in the corticospinal system following stroke produces imbalance between flexors and extensors in the upper extremity including the fingers, eventually leading to flexion-favored postures. The substitution of the reticospinal tract for the damaged corticospinal tract is known to excessively activate flexors of the fingers while the fingers are voluntarily being extended. Here, we questioned whether the cortical source or/and neural pathways of the flexors and extensors of the fingers are coupled and what factor of impairment influences finger movement. In this study, a total of 7 male participants with hemiplegic stroke conducted isometric flexion and extension at the MCP joints in response to auditory tones. We measured activation and de-activation delays of the flexor and extensor of the MCP joints on the paretic side, as well as, force generation and co-contraction between the flexor and extensor. All participants generated greater torque in the direction of flexion (p=0.017). Regarding co-contraction, coupled activation of the extensor is also made during flexion in the similar way to coupled activation of the flexor made during extension. As opposite to our expectation, we observed that during extension, the extensor showed marginally significantly faster activation (p=0.66) while it showed faster de-activation (p=0.038), in comparison to activation and de-activation of the flexor during flexion. But movement smoothness was not affected by those factors. Our results imply that the cortical source and neural pathway for the extensors of the MCP joints are not coupled with those for the flexors of the MCP joints and extensor weakness mainly contributes to the asymmetry between flexors and extensors.
An Adaptive Random Forest Model for Predicting Demands and Solar Power of a Real Integrated Energy System
Authors: Mei Jie , Lee Christopher , Kirtley James L.
Published: December 2021

In order to address the challenges of improving energy
efficiency and integration of renewable energy, multi-energy systems, composed
of electric, natural gas, heat and other energy networks, have received more
and more attention in recent years and have been rapidly developed. Through integration as a multi-energy system,
different energy infrastructures can be scheduled and managed as one unit. One
of the main stages in the optimal scheduling of a multi-energy system is the
predictions of various demands and sustainable energy in the scheduling
horizon. This paper proposes a prediction model based on
adaptive random forest for demands and solar power of a real MES, Stone Edge
Farm, in California. The adaptive random forest
model can provide a probability distribution of the prediction results. This
allows users to consider a variety of scenarios that may occur in the future
for further system operation optimization and help users evaluate the reliability
of the results. Besides, an online self-adaptability feature is implemented
with the model so it can adapt to the new forecasting environment when new
observations are detected. The simulations show that the adaptive random forest
model is better than the benchmark models in terms of prediction accuracy.