bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ROSS procedure versus mechanical valve replacement in young and middle-aged adults with aortic valve disease
Authors: Gamil E L Huseiny , Afifi Ahmed , Khonezy Bahaa El , Hegazy Ahmed , Wahba Mina
Published: May 2022

Background: Aortic valve replacement (AVR) remains the only treatment that was revealed to advance the natural history in the cases with severe symptomatic aortic valve disorder. However, aortic valve diseases were challenging in young and adults in middle age persons. The aim of our study: was to compare the mid-term outcomes, quality of life and adverse valve- related events among patients undergoing the Ross procedure and those receiving a mechanical aortic valve . Patients and Methods: This study included patients with aortic valve disease divided into Fifty patients were candidates for ROSS procedure and the other Fifty were for mechanically aortic valve replacement after obtaining the approval of the local ethical committee. Results: Ross patients show statistically significant lower MLHFQ scores compared to Mechanical valve patients; however, a nonsignificant change was found among the study groups in terms of major cardiovascular events or mortality. Conclusion: Mechanical AVR is accompanied by low morbidities and mortalities in both the short and long term. Our data suggest that The Ross operation may be accomplished securely and reproducibly in properly particular cases with lower morbidity and mortality and better quality of life.
Feature augmented stacked bagging for length of stay prediction on mimic III
Authors: Geethamani D. , Rangaraj R.
Published: May 2022

Managing hospital resources is one of the major requirements in providing qualitative and timely treatments do patients. From the patient’s standpoint, identifying the number of days of stay can aid in effective planning from the monetary perspective.This work presents the Feature Augmented Stacked Bagging (FASB) model for effective prediction of length of stay of patient based on their hospital records. The ensemble model created is composed of two levels; the first level operates on the hospital data and provides the intermediate predictions, while the second level uses predictions from the first level model to perform the final predictions. Experiments where performed using the MIMIC III data, and the results obtained were compared with existing state of the art models for analysis. Comparisons indicate that the proposed model exhibits 95% accuracy levels, which is 13% greater than the compared model. This indicates that the proposed model is highly effective in identifying the length of stay of patients.
Isolation and characterization of Ureaplasma parvum from the semen of infertile men and detection of virulence factors genes
Authors: Hussein Mohammed Ali , Maaroof Mohammed Nadhir
Published: May 2022

The bacterial infection of seminal fluid is one of the most important factors behind infertility in many cases. The biological diversity of the Ureaplasma and Mycoplasma have widely been reported to be associated with the infertility grade in many cases. The purpose of this research was to identify and characterize and the phylogenetic positioning of twenty-one isolates of Ureaplasma in seminal fluids. Two genetic loci were included in this study ureB/ureA and upV for Ureaplasma. Each amplified locus was investigated in both bacterial infections to identify the identity of the possible bacterial infection of those patients and to assess the pattern of the genetic variation for each genetic locus in investigated patients. The results of the DNA sequence analysis of the urease and upv  gene extracted from these bacteria showed that Ureaplasma parvum serovar 3 was the cause of infections in the studied samples. The studied isolates were also matched with the global isolates registered in the gene bank. After NCBI matching for these gene segments, polymerase chain experiments confirmed the diagnosis. The NCBI BLASTn The algorithm discovered up to 99.5 percent sequence similarity. between the studied samples and the reference samples for these gene.
Trauma of shared past in Avni Doshi’s Girl in White Cotton
Authors: Parvathy R , Sajeev Sri Lakshmi , Silpa S
Published: May 2022

Voicing the unvoiced thoughts of the human psyche and human demeanour finds its appropriate representation in literature through explorative narratives. Literature represents an unsettling, tenebrous side of human existence that has been tainted by trauma and pain. The term “trauma” is derived from a Greek word which means "wound" or "infiltration."  Trauma becomes a metaphor for the struggles and demanding situations of late-twentieth-century life in a society captivated by suffering and victimization. Literature plays an important part in depicting human experiences, emotions, and representations of conventional trauma tales. Motherhood is the most significant and heavenly duty in a woman's life. Throughout childhood, a child is constantly exposed to his or her surroundings, from which they acquire their first lessons. As a result, a mother's relationship with her child during childhood has a significant influence on the child's future behaviour. Trauma is a psychological wound inflicting the mind, causing long-term damaging effects. A child's trauma symbolises a multitude of circumstances, including abandonment and maltreatment. It had a bitter experience in its previous incarnation, that lasts for the rest of its life.
Religious practices and spirituality as predictors of mental health wellbeing among religious preachers
Authors: Kaur Dapinder , Lone Zahoor Ahmad
Published: May 2022

Religion, faith and spirituality have proven to be important components of human civilization. Numerous researches and surveys have stated that religious practices and spirituality can have a significant impact on intellectual health, including subjective well-being and personal aspects. In addition, religiosity / spirituality plays an important role in the path to recovery from intellectual pollution, as well as providing a protective feature in competition for addictive or suicidal behaviors. However, more research is needed to examine the mechanisms by which religiosity / spirituality affects health conditions. This test provides a brief but complete assessment of research on faith and its impact on spirituality and mental health. It's miles based on quantitative studies accomplished with the aid of the usage of statistical analysis with descriptive records evaluation. The tools used to assess the variables have high reliability and validity and have been used in various researches, articles and dissertations. The study contained data collected from 100 adults which is 50 males and 50 females between the ages 20-30 years . The tools used were a spiritual well being scale(SWB) by Dr. Craig W. Ellison and Dr. Raymond F. Paloutizan and Religiosity scale by Joseph and Diduca.
Cyber bullying and its impact on youth
Authors: Moirangthem Sylvia , Salam Chunindia , Meesana Yensenbam , Thongam Joyshree , Chandam Valencia , Pandya Digvijay
Published: May 2022

In this current scenario the Internet has been the most reliable source for every age group. But since humans can take any form to achieve their target which sometimes can be negative such as ruining the lives and reputation of others for revenge, jealousy, and hatred, they have also started in Internet which is Cyberbullying and due to Covid-19, the compulsory quarantine and isolation has made half of the citizens unproductive. Thus, spending a day without going outside has been a difficult task therefore the only thing they can do is using the Internet. Speaking of education, the massive transformation from offline to online has changed the scene of learning. Hence, this paper tries to find out the impact of cyber bullying on the students at Lovely Professional University andmainly focus on the psychological impacts the victim faces in nine dimensions/symptoms which are Somatization, Obsessive Compulsion, Interpersonal Sensitivity, Depression, Anxiety, Hostility, Phobic anxiety, Paranoid and Psychoticism and it was conducted on the students studying at Lovely Professional University, Punjab. Different attributes like legal laws werealso included while conducting the survey.
Exploring the relationship between social media and consumer buying behaviour
Authors: Avinash S. , Madhumita G.
Published: May 2022

Purpose: The study's main goal is to find out how social media affects people's purchasing decisions and to look at how different factors affect how social media affects people's purchasing decisions. Design / Methodology: The objectives were met through the use of regression, factor analysis, t-tests, and descriptive statistics. This is a practical study based on a sample of 132 internet buyers in the Chennai district. The convenience sampling approach was used in this investigation. Findings: The study discovered six factors: information, entertainment, incentive, consumption, trust, and satisfaction. Each of the prominent online media occupations, such as data entertainment, incentive, consumption, trust, and contentment, has a substantial impact on customer purchasing behaviour. According to the average value of the roles, social media's function in influencing purchase behaviour was the most important, followed by information and incentives. The consumption factor played the least important role. This research might aid online businesses and website developers in efficiently using the social media platform to battle competition.
Peak power management of residential building using demand side management strategies
Authors: Tabassum Zahira , Shastry B. S. Chandrasekar
Published: May 2022

Peak power management is one of the demand-side management methods aiming at regulating energy usage throughout the day. This paper discusses peak load, which relates to a consumer's peak demand during specific hourly hours and how to manage it. Shifting loads from demand hours to non peak hours relieves pressure on utilities to meet demand and supply while also lowering the cost to consumers. The Peak Load Management Model offers a more effective framework for lowering peak loads and moving loads from peak to off-peak hours. A cascaded artificial neural network is utilised to construct a demand side management strategy for managing peak electricity in residential buildings in this paper. The peak load control model's results and discussion are highlighted in the simulation results and performance review.
Prediction of environment pollution by employing long short-term memory network
Authors: Praveena S. , Pandey Himani , Kumar V. Pradeep , Meenatchi S , Mudradi Shreesha Kalkoor
Published: May 2022

Air pollution levels have risen as an outcome of urban and industrial development in so many developing countries. People and governments all around the world are concerned about air pollution, which has a severe influence on both personal health and long-term global development. As a government, it is responsible for preventing and controlling air pollution, as well as monitoring the pollutant's impacts on human health. There are numerous computer models available, ranging from statistics to artificial intelligence. Pollution levels are still out of control in some parts of the world due to a wide range of sources and factors. Because of accurate estimates of future air pollution, the government can take necessary action. Forecasting air pollution levels based on environmental data is becoming increasingly relevant as people become more worried about global warming and urban sustainability. For replicating the complicated linkages between these variables, advanced Deep Learning (DL) algorithms hold enormous promise. The objective of this work is to provide a high level of accurate solution to the air pollution forecasting problem. Kaggle data will be employed to train a DL model that will forecast air pollution levels.
comprehensive probabilistic analysis of PAPR reduction approach with localized mapping
Authors: Naidu G B S R , Prasad P M K , Chakradhar K. S.
Published: May 2022

In recent years, OFDMA plays a vital role in current day communications and drastically used in mobile technologies. The Maximum to Expected Power Ratio is key element in transmitter to reduce their ratio using PAPR reduction techniques needed to improve the quality of performance. The localized mapping in implemented in OFDMA and gives greater improvement in reduction of PAPR which improves the performance. The next generation communication needs versatile technologies to develop their performance in order to achieve the good quality of service. The probabilistic approach like Selective Mapping (SLM) and Partial Transmit Sequence (PTS) are proposed in Localized –OFDMA in order to give better solution. In this paper, the proposed approach L-PTS outperforms the L-SLM and better trade-off the power ratio with error rate.
Salivary gamma glutamyl transpeptidase as a biomarker in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and precancerous lesions
Authors: Iqbal Asif , Shakeel Mohd , Mukherjee Abhishek , Narela Raghvendra Singh , Aparanjitha C H. , Bhattacharjee Anwesha
Published: May 2022

Background: Gamma‑glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) is a membrane‑bound enzyme, which is not normally expressed in oral epithelial tissues. The present study evaluated salivary gamma‑glutamyl transpeptidase as a biomarker in oral squamous cell carcinoma and precancerous lesions.Materials & Methods: 78 subjects were divided into 3 groups of 26 each. Group I were healthy subjects, group II had precancerous lesions and group III had oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In all subjects, unstimulated saliva samples were collected and were subjected to estimation of gamma‑glutamyl transpeptidase enzyme. Results: Group I had 13 males and 13 females, group II had 20 males and 6 females and group III had 18 males and 8 females. The mean GGT level in group I was 16.4 IU/L, in group II was 52.6 IU/L and in group III was 73.2 IU/L. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Salivary gamma-glutamyl transferase level was higher increased in patients with OSCC and premalignant lesions, thus can be used effectively as a tumor marker.
Influence of sand training on selected health related fitness and aerobic power of college men football students
Authors: Anto M. Jony , Rajkumar N. C. Jesus
Published: May 2022

The principle of the study was to access to influence of sand training on explosive power and aerobic power of college men students. Thirty (n=30) college men football students was selected from Chennai district, TamilNadu, India the age were ranged should be 18 to 24 years. The selected subject was assigned into two equal groups with fifteen subjects with each group. The experimental group-I sand training and group-II control group. The experimental groups were under 8 weeks of training and control group was not under experimentation. Explosive power was measured by Sargent jump test aerobic power was measured by Margaria-Kalamen Test was taken for both groups. The initial and the final readings derived from the experimental and the control group underwent a procedure of statistical analysis using ANOVA. The confidence level was 0.05. Result of the investigation shows sand training have significant improvement on explosive power and aerobic power when compare to the control group
Randomized study to evaluate and compare the corrosion for five different orthodontic wires surface because of prophylactic fluoride exposure and GC tooth mousse with distilled water using scanning electron microscope (SEM)
Authors: Sanghvi Pravin. P. , Sanghvi Pramod , Sanghvi Nisha
Published: May 2022

Maintaining proper oral hygiene and caries management is one of the most crucial aspects of effective orthodontic treatment. Enamel demineralization occurs around Orthodontic brackets as a result of direct bonding and de-bonding treatments. Many sites have been observed to be vulnerable to plaque buildup. Due to the numerous locations available for plaque collection and the difficulty in cleaning them, maintaining excellent oral hygiene is challenging. Chlorhexidine mouth rinses, Fluoride mouth rinses, and the newly available GC Tooth mousse are all common methods of maintaining oral hygiene in Orthodontic patients. Orthodontic wires have been found to corrode and discolour due to fluoride ions generated by fluoride prophylactic agents. The coefficient of friction is increased when the surface properties of the arch wires are altered by pitting and corrosion, which has clinical importance during the gap closure stage. Using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), the following article attempts to examine and compare the corrosion of five distinct Orthodontic wire surfaces as a result of prophylactic fluoride exposure and GC Tooth mousse with Distilled water.
In vivo bone formation assessment using PRP with chitosan
Authors: Othman Dildar Abdullah , Saleh Ziwar Ahmed , Salman Raid Fahim
Published: May 2022

Guided Bone Regeneration is a surgical treatment that involves the use of barrier membranes, particulate bone transplants, and/or bone substitutes. Sheep's weighted 20-30 kg were intubated and underwented general sedation with 0.03 mg / kg IM xylazine. The 8ml of blood was taken from external jugular vein of the sheep and immediately transferred in to citrated tube and transferred to centrifuge to prepare the PRP gel. The produced PRP was mixed with chitosan in 95:5 ratio. With a round bur and abundant irrigation, a 4-5 mm round osteotomy was formed in the pad of the maxilla with two in the right and two in the left side. Four equal defects were grafted with experimental material composed of mixed PRP and chitosan (95:5 ratio). After four weeks, the result show new bone formation around the defect side which was associated with interrupted fibrous connective tissue capsule for some of the samples with focal active osteoblasts. In ten weeks, the results show thick bones were newly formed at the defect side with remnants of chitosan observed at the site of bone. In conclusion: the present study revealed the combination of PRP and Chitosan accelerates the healing and regeneration of bones.
Determinants of rural household saving
Authors: Worku Solomon Tessema , Tafa Meseret Dame , Mekonnen Thomas Haile
Published: May 2022

This study examined factors that affect saving behavior of rural households in North Shewa Zone, Oromia Regional Sate. It employed descriptive statistics and    to analyze the data collected from a sample of 400 rural households in the study area. The result showed that about 83.4 percent of sampled households involved in saving of which 23.75 percent use formal financial institutions and the remaining other alternative saving options. The findings implied the need for designing strategies that could improve the saving behavior, mobilization and of saving by rural households. Moreover, the need for government involvement in building the capacity of rural households in terms of education and information systems with regards to savings as well as encouraging financial institutions to implement door- to-door service provisions so as to enhance saving behavior of households are desirable.
Identification of bioactive agent in tinospora cordifolia by in- silico approach
Authors: Sriwastava Akanksha Raj , Srivastava Vivek
Published: May 2022

Candida species cause most fungal infections and contribute significantly to worldwide morbidity and mortality, making them a severe public health threat. Due to their ability to develop resistance to antifungal drugs, these opportunistic fungi defy therapeutic efforts, making them a severe problem in treating and managing Candida infections. Due to co-infection with immune-compromised persons, multidrug-resistant Candida spp. strains have developed as a global concern, which can lead to invasive candidiasis. The life-threatening variant of the illness may be treated quickly and effectively through drug repurposing. Hence, this research was done in tandem with a previous inquiry into the chemicals' ability to fight Candida spp. According to molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies, a total of five compounds, namely Cholesterol, Allopyranose, Melezitose, 1,6-Anhydro-B-D-Glucofuranose, and 1-(3-Cyanophenly)-2-Phenylethane isolated from the sample (in previous study) have the potential to inhibit the growth of further Candida albicans. After ligand binding, the protein-ligand interaction was also studied to know which residues are involved in bond formation. Out of these five ligands, only one ligand violated Lipinski's rule, namely Melezitose. Therefore, the compounds isolated in the previous study have a strong antifungal effect.
Correlation between epilepsy risk factors and type of seizures in children
Authors: Al-Aameri Karrar Kadhim Jawad , AL-Mayahi Naji Yasser Saadoon
Published: May 2022

Epilepsy is uncommon on its own, and comorbidities are common: more than half of patients with epilepsy have one or more other medical disorders. Epilepsy has long been linked to psychiatric disorders (such as Extreme stress, extreme sadness, hyperactivity, and attention deficit), but more recently, epilepsy has been linked to somatic disorders (such as Disorders of the pancreas and its secretion of insulin, problems with tendons and joints, diseases that affect the stomach and chronic diseases related to the lung). A descriptive, Case-Control study was conducted. The research was carried out across Iraq's five Middle Euphrates Governorates, between the 1st of October 2021 and the 1st of May 2022. For the purpose of determining risk factors for epilepsy in children and to identify the relationship between  the risk factors and parents socio-demographic data, clinical data and daily habits. The data was collected through the use of the questionnaire and data analysis by SPSS version 22. The findings indicate that the most important factors influencing the occurrence of epilepsy in children are as follows: (asphyxia, trauma during delivery, jaundice, febrile, encephalitis, meningitis, brain tumor, ADHD, and head trauma). as well as the occurrence of epilepsy is influenced by considerable sleep disruption.
relationship between locus of control orientation and patients’ adherence to therapeutic recommendations after percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Sahib Mohammad Mahdi Saeed , Mohammed Shatha Saadi
Published: May 2022

As life expectancy has increased and the global population has aged, the global burden of chronic diseases has risen alarmingly. This study aims to determine if there is any significant correlation between adherence to therapeutic recommendations and locus of control orientation. Cross-sectional quantitative correlational design carried out in Al-Najaf City. Non-randomized purposive sampling consisted of 120 patients with coronary artery disease after percutaneous coronary intervention. The date collected from June 20th, 2021 and last to November 27th, 2021 through interview method by Multi-dimensional health locus of control questionnaire form (C) which include 18 items, and adherence questionnaire which include 54 items in addition to multi-dimensional health locus of control instrument which include 18 items regarding internal, chance, and power full others domains. This study finds that patients adherence to therapeutic recommendations and their locus of control orientation is significantly correlated through statistical indicator of Pearson correlation of 0.539 at probability value of less than 0.05. The study findings also reveals that it is possible to predict patient’s adherence to therapeutic recommendations through their locus of control orientation. Internal LOC. Orientation appear to be associated with disease prevention and control in addition to health promotion.
A brief analysis of Bing Xin, Ding Ling and Zhang Ailing's views on women's love in their literary works
Authors: Qu Rui
Published: May 2022

Bing Xin, Ding Ling and Zhang Ailing are indispensable in the history of modern and contemporary Chinese literature, and they have also opened up a new world in the history of Chinese women's literature. Bing Xin's first short story "Two Families" vividly expresses the necessary factors for Bing Xin for an excellent family in the new era - the necessity of knowledge and the necessity of women to learn knowledge. But in this short story, when Bing Xin shows the current situation of the Kochi family, she incorporates her longing and desire for her future love and family environment. The concept has not yet been fully understood. In Ding Ling's literary creation, through a more in-depth analysis of the female images she created in her literary work "Ms. Sophie's Diary", it can be seen that these women broke through the barriers of feudal tradition and used Her actions interpret what is female liberation, and thus express Ding Ling's "life-oriented" and faith-like view of love. Zhang Ailing's concept of love is more clearly reflected in the more important work of her life - "Love in a Fallen City".
Primary education system of Punjab in the COVID 19 era
Authors: Yadav Anjali , Chitra Chitra , Pandey Guarav , Singh Nishan , Pandey Anil Kumar
Published: May 2022

This era came with various challenges for mankind through the start of covid-19. The pandemic started from the city of wuhan, china as per reports. The covid-19 pandemic has come up as a life-threatening disease to human existence. The effect of covid-19 is going to leave long term damages to the entire education system and the human life. In order to deal with the pandemic to ensure the suppression of the virus transmission lockdown was implemented in the various parts of the world as this action was considered to bring down the continuously increasing rate in the rise of covid-19 cases. The largest impact on the human life would be in the section on education system. As education decides the future of the country by making a population which contribute in the growth of any nation. The main purpose of the study of the paper is to highlight the problems and challenges that the system is facing and discussion them thoroughly.
efficacy of Momordica charantia L. (herbal agent) in treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus in rats in comparison to insulin (animal model)
Authors: Al-Musawi Jawad F. H.
Published: May 2022

This study was done for a total (24) Black Rats, over a time of 28 days (divided into 1st, 7th. 14th and 28th day) in which (6) Rats in each group, which reflects that ALLOXAN can be caused hyperglycemia with highly significant results (P<0.0001). This increased in blood glucose level can be corrected by HERBAL DRUGS (Momordica Charantia L), with high significant effects (P<0.0001), when compared this with insulin which had high significant results in control hyperglycemia of Alloxan causes (P<0.0001).
Impact of virtual ECG learning program on clinical judgement among baccalaureate nursing students
Authors: Jyoti Jyoti , Sarin Jyoti
Published: May 2022

Professional courses like nursing has integrated theory with practical learning and involves the decision making and clinical judgement. As the life is being handled therefore errors need to be zeroed, in order to acquire skill of the clinical judgement and retaining it can be done with help of virtual learning program (VLP) where case scenarios are created and life like situations are projected in front of the learner. This not only helps to decrease the threat to life also helps learner to gain confidence with immediate evaluation. Thus the study was conducted with objective to identify the impact of virtual ECH learning program on clinical judgement of baccalaureate students. Intervention (VLP) & Tools were developed and validated by the experts, tool included demographic profile, clinical judgement tool. Method of data collection was self-reporting, study participants were given access to the virtual learning program (VLP) on first day and their demographic profile and pre test was administered from day two to day six, study participants learnt from the VLP on ECG interpretation and on seventh day post test was administered followed by time series post tests on 15th as well as 30th day.
Theoretical foundations of collaboration learning in the lessons
Authors: Abdurashidovna Dadajanova Dilbar , Shukhratullayevna Zayniyeva Khilola , Khudayberdiyevna Khudoyberdiyeva Zumrat , Mardonovna Muzaffarova Nodira , Makhmarajabovich Turmanov Tokhir
Published: May 2022

Currently, the school traditionally directs its main efforts towards teaching the specific content of curricula, mainly paying attention to subject-oriented (meaningful) knowledge. Learning about different approaches to teaching, collaborative strategies, including group learning, occurs spontaneously. An analysis of the works of general and special pedagogy and psychology showed that recent years have been characterized by increased attention to this problem. Thus, the purpose of this work is to consider the problem of teaching educational cooperation in the process of learning a foreign language. In accordance with the set goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks in the work: Consider the concept of learning collaboration, Identify types of educational collaboration, Describe the approaches to the organization of educational cooperation.
Study the prevalence of cysticercus tenuicollis in sheep and goats in Baghdad city
Authors: Al-Sudani Gharib Dohi Yaseen , Al-Amery Amer Murhum
Published: May 2022

Cysticercus tenuicollis larval stage of dog’s parasite Taenia hydatigena located in visceral organs of intermediate hosts (sheep and goats). In this study, the total of 100 sheep and 100 goats’ visceral organs were inspected, C. tenuicollis was found in sheep was 21% (21/100); while the rate of infection was 35% in goats (35/100).  According to the months of the study, the high rate in sheep was revealed in July, June, and August, 40% (4/10), 30% (3/10), and 25% (5/25) respectively; while the lowest rate was 10% (1/10) was recorded in January, March, April while in goats the lowest rate in March, February, and April was 20% (2/10), 30% (3/10), 30% (3/10) respectively, the rest of the months was 40% (4/10). In sheep, the highest infection rate with C. tenuicollis was 21.42% (18/84) in sheep males while the lowest rate was 18.75% (3/16) in sheep females while in goats the highest infection rate with C. tenuicollis was 35% (35/100) in males and lowest in female 0% (0).
difference in the immunological parameters of T-cells and B-cells for patients with cancerous blood diseases compared to others when infected with the emerging corona virus
Authors: Kadhem Raghad Ridha , Kareem Hiyam Abdel Ridha
Published: May 2022

Lymphocytes and T-cell subsets (CD4+T and CD3+T) and CD19 B cells play an important role in maintaining the function of the immune system.  The study showed a clear decrease in peripheral lymphocytes in patients with COVID-19, and the reason may be attachment to the virus or indirectly due to immune injuries from inflammatory mediators, and it may lead to the secretion of lymphocytes circulating in the lung tissue  Inflammatory conditions also lead to lymphocytopenia, and viral infection can cause an imbalance in the levels of lymphocyte subgroups. The cell surface molecules of CD3 and CD4 T cells and CD19 B cells participate in the humoral immunity against viral infection. A decrease in the level of these cells was observed less in severe cases compared to mild cases.  Patients with lymphocytic leukemia often suffer from weak immune status  When they are exposed to risk factors for infection with the Corona virus-19
Preparation of a green nanocomposite from Cinnamomum zeylanicum and its effect on some immunological parameters in rats with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Kshash Intisar Mohammed , Hussain Kiaser Abdulsajjad M.
Published: May 2022

The current study aimed to evaluate the anti-arthritic effects of a nanocomposite from Cinnamomum zeylanicum, and to further demonstrate its mechanism of action in RA induced RA by Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA).  and it was diagnosed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) revealed the emergence of new diffraction levels for nanocomposites, which clearly indicates the success of the loading process.  X-ray evaluation clearly showed the severity of joint deformity according to the extent of osteoarthritis, joint spaces, soft tissue inflammation, subchondral erosion, and articular sclerosis.  The immunological results indicated that the induction of rheumatoid arthritis (RF) in male G2 white rats led to a significant (P<0.05) increase in the level of IL-1β and IL-6 cytokines (186.89,109.52) pg/ml both compared with the control group.  Negative (G1) (29.40,32.48) pg/ml.  There was also a significant decrease (P<0.05) for the concentration level of IL-1β, IL-6 in the G7 group dosed with cinnamon nano compound loaded with MTX pg/ml (34.33, 48.62), respectively, the present results indicate that the stable nanoparticles with Ceylon Cinnamomum extract (Z.C./NPs) have potent anti-arthritic activity that is mediated by IL-6, IL-1β inhibition and cytokine resistance.  Inflammatory.
comparative study of the effect of Cinnamomum zeylanicum extract and nanocomplex on some immunological and physiological parameters before and after MTX treatment loading
Authors: Kshash Intisar Mohammed , Hussain Kiaser Abdulsajjad M.
Published: May 2022

The current study aimed to know the protective effect of the aqueous extract of Cinnamon zeylanicum and the free Cinnamon nanocomplex loaded with MTX treatment to reduce the effect of arthritis induced with Complete Freunds (CFA Adjuvant) in male albino rats by studying some changes in immunological and histological parameters.  Atomic force microscope (AFM) revealed the appearance of changes in the surface of nanocomposites loaded with treatment. The immunological results indicated that the induction of rheumatoid arthritis (RF) in male white G2 rats led to a significant increase (P<0.05) in the level of IL-8 cytokine concentrations 86.31 pg/ml compared with the negative control group at 24.41 pg/ml.  There was also a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the level of IL-8 concentration in the G7 group dosed with cinnamon nanocomplex loaded with MTX treatment pg/ml (37.45) and the results of histological parameters showed that there was a significant increase in white blood cells in the positive control group G2 (14.00) compared to With the negative control group G1 (5.433), while in the group G7 there was a significant decrease (p<0.05) (9.433).
in-vitro study quantitative evaluation of apically extruded debris during canal preparation using three different motions of hand files
Authors: Aliuddin Syed Khaja , Jain Preet , Mohiuddin Sana , Rai Nitish , Elsherbini Mohamed Saber , Gaikwad Rahul N.
Published: May 2022

This study aimed to evaluate the quantity of apically extruded debris during the bio-mechanical preparation of the root canal treatment. Fifteen extracted premolars with single root canal were collected and divided into three groups for this study.  Hand protaper files (reaming motion), K files (watch-wind motion), and K flex files (balanced force technique) were used. The irrigant and debris were collected in pre-weighed (using analytic scale) empty microtainer bottles. The microtainers were kept in an incubator at 700C for 4 days for complete drying and then weighed of dry debris was recorded. Statistical analysis: Data was treated for the mean values of the weight and analysed using kruskall-wallis test at a significance of 0.05. All the three motions of hand files extruded debris. Watch wind motion showed the lowest mean value whereas reaming showed the highest. There were no significant difference between the reaming motion, watch wind motion and balanced force technique (p <0.05). The study revealed that the amount of extruded debris from the apical foramen was comparatively least in watch wind motion among all the three motions in terms of the mean weight but there is no significance difference between the three Groups.
Use of amoxycillin in pediatric dentistry and knowledge and attitude of practitioners toward developing resistance
Authors: Saikia Trishna , Tomar Himanshi , Babu K. Suresh , Karthikeyan Bhuvaneshwari , Gopalakrishnan M. , Chandarani Sagolsem
Published: May 2022

Antibiotics are prescribed to patients in dentistry to combat various infections and pain. Antibiotics cure disease by killing, injuring, or inhibiting the growth of bacteria at very low concentrations. Unwarranted use of antibiotics is reported in children, mostly for ear and dental infections. However, in children, this insufficient knowledge of the appropriate clinical indications leads to increase in microbial resistance to antibiotics. A set of questionnaire was prepared based upon the antibiotics written by dentists. Total 95 dentist actively took part in the study. Questions were both open and close ended. Statistical analysis was done for the answers given. It was seen that there was a lack of knowledge among practitioners about the side effects and resistance of antibiotics. It concludes that better use of diagnostic services; surveillance and improvements in dental education are required now to lessen the impact of antibiotic resistance in the future. In the present study about 41% dentists prescribed amoxicillin to pediatric patients. amoxicillin use is associated with developmental enamel defects. The duration of antibiotic treatment should be kept shortest. Most acute infections are resolved in 3-7 days.
Dual-Echo magnetic resonance imaging pulse sequence in diagnosis of temporomandibular disorders
Authors: Marzaban Nouran Nabil AbdAllah , Zayet Mohamed Khalifa , Elleithy Nevine Ezzat , Helaly Yara Rabia
Published: May 2022

Objective: This study was conducted to assess the diagnostic accuracy of different MRI pulse sequence dual-echo-PD in the diagnosis of temporomandibular disorders. Subjects and methods: Twenty seven patients (54 Temporomandibular joints) with painful joints or limited mouth opening or unexplained longstanding headache were enrolled in the study to examine the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging sequence dual-echo in delineation of the articular disc position, the disc morphology, and the cortical bone in comparison to the gold standard of MRI scanning sequence: proton density weighted images. Results: Dual-echo-PD weighted image showed 94.7% sensitivity and 96.3% diagnostic accuracy in identifying articular disc position. Dual-echo-PD showed no statistically significant difference than proton-density in delineation of disc morphology or cortical bone. Conclusions: The dual-echo imaging sequence can be used instead of using PD to delineate disc position, morphology, and cortical bone.
COVID-19 vaccine provision model for public transportation users in Kuningan, Indonesia
Authors: Sejati Hono , Pratiwi Erinda Nur , Pujiastuti Hutari , Handono Nugroho P. , Suwarni Emi , Nugroho Indro
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study is to describe the government's efforts to provide access to the COVID-19 vaccine for users of public transportation in the Kuningan area, Indonesia. The research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study design. The research subjects were 4 people consisting of 1 echelon III functional official in Cidahu District and 3 health workers who served in the COVID-19 handling and COVID-19 vaccination section of the Cidahu Health Center UPTD. Data collection techniques using interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis techniques through data reduction, data display, and verification. The results of the research conclude that the government's efforts to provide access to the COVID-19 vaccine for public transportation users in Kuningan can be declared effective and successfully realized because as many as 34,548 people or at least 75 percent of the total (45,730) people of Cidahu District have carried out vaccinations in 2021.
Molecular detection of some virulence genes of Enterococcus faecalis isolated from different clinical samples in Babylon province/ Iraq
Authors: AL-Hassani Maha Abbas Najeeb , Abdul-Lateef Lamees A.
Published: May 2022

A total of 120 clinical samples were collected during this study which obtained from patients suffering from different infection such as UTI, vaginitis, wound infection, gastro enteritis who admitted to two main hospitals of AL-Hilla City: Al-Hilla Surgical Teaching Hospital and Al-Hashimiyah General Hospital during a period extending from (Ougust 2021 to November 2021). All sample were subjected to aerobic culturing on different media and it was found that out of the total 120samples, 87 (72.5%) samples showed positive bacterial culture. No growth was seen in other 33(27.5%) samples which indicate the presence of microorganisms that may be cultured with difficulty such as virus, fungi and other agent or may be due to difference in the size and nature of the samples. Among (87) positive culture were culturing on chromogenic ager medium (selective media), 20(22.98%)positive samples was identified as E. faecalis. Identification of E. faecalis depends mainly on the cultural, and biochemical characteristics and also microscopic patterns. These isolates then subjected to molecular detection method using specific primer based on D-alanine D-alanine ligase gene as a genetic marker for confirmed identification of E. faecalis by PCR, the results revealed that 20(100%) were positive for ddl .
In vitro antimicrobial activity of clove extract against gram negative bacteria isolated from chickens
Authors: Hasan Hayfaa Jumaah , Abdulwahid Mushtaq Talib , Ayyez Hayder Naji
Published: May 2022

Because of Citrobacter freundii' medical and economic value, as well as the fact that there are only a few local investigations on it,  the study aimed to assess the anti-microbial activities of clove  extracts (aqueous and ethanolic) and to evaluate the phytochemicals present in them, using the agar well diffusion method  The antimicrobial activity was either weak or very strong with inhibition zones ranging from 10 to 21 mm in gram negative , in vitro results confirmed the efficacy of clove extract as natural antimicrobials and suggested the possibility of its use in treatment of such bacterial infections. The findings indicate that ,besides being safe and sensorially attractive, Citrobacter freundii has antimicrobial activity, which makes it a potential substitute for chemical food preservatives. avoiding healthy hazards of chemically antimicrobial agent applications. Ethanolic extract of clove had the highest inhibitory effect against Citrobacter freundii  (21) mm ,whereas aqueous  extract respectively was effective against it  (20.) mm, The chemical constituents of clove seeds were analyzed by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). nineteen and twenty seven chemical constituents were identified based on GC-MS from clove extract(aqueous and ethanolic).
Capacitability for Co-Analytic Sets
Authors: Slaman Theodore
Published: May 2022

It follows from a theorem of Davies (1952) that if A is an analytic subset of the Cantor middle third set, λ is positive and the Hausdorff s-measure of A is greater than λ, then there is a compact subset C of A such that the Hausdorff s-measure of C is greater than λ. We exhibit a counterpoint to Davies’s theorem: In Gödel’s universe of sets, there is a co-analytic subset B of the Cantor set which has full Hausdorff dimension such that if C is a closed subset of B then C is countable.
Evaluation of malondialdehyde, total plasma peroxides, total antioxidant capacity and oxidative stress index in gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Idongesit Kokoabasi Isong  , Kaiso-Umo Sunday Esiere  , Olufemi Ebenezer Akinluwade  , Euphoria Chimuanya Akwiwu  , Iya Eze Bassey  , Onyinechi Nehemiah Iwejuo  , Kingsley John Emmanuel  , Kunle Joseph Akinluwade
Published: May 2022

Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many pathological cases. it is implicated in both organ and systemic dysfunction. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a pathological condition with first onset observed during pregnancy. It causes pregnancy complications and affects 2-7% of pregnant women. For that purpose, this studywas performed with 94 pregnant women with informed consent,51 were diagnosed with GDMand 43 apparently healthy pregnant women. The following parameters were assessed: Malondialdehyde (MDA), Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), Total Plasma Peroxide (TPP) and Oxidative Stress Index (OSI). MDA, TPP, and TAC were determined colorimetrically and OSI calculated. Anthropometric indices (weight, height, BMI) and socio-demographic data were determined using standard methods. Data generated were analysed using ANOVA, Student t-test, LSD post hoc and Pearson correlation at P<0.05. The TAC level was significantly higher in control groups (p<0.05), while TPP and OSI were significantly higher in the GDM group compared to control group (p<0.05). A significant negative correlation was observed between TAC and OSI in GDM group (r= -0.486, p=0.005*), and a positive correlation between MDA and BMI, as well as MDA and Age in GDM group (r=0.527, p=0.002* and r=0.375, p=0.034* respectively). GDM patients tend to have a higher TPP level and decreased TAC which may enhance the pathogenesis or pathophysiology of these conditions.
Haemato - biochemical indices of broiler chickens fed molasses treated cassava peel meal-based diet
Authors: Rebecca Richard  , Jafiya Lami  , Oji, O. Galadima  , Makinde O. John  , Maidala, Aminu  , Sudik, S. David  , Akeem B. Sikiru  , Eniwaiye A. Adetutu  , Okunade, Sunday A
Published: May 2022

An 8-week study was conducted to evaluate the influence of molasses treated cassava peel meal (MTCPM) based diet as substitute for maize on haemato-biochemical parameters of broiler chickens. Five experimental diets were formulated to meet nutrient requirement standards of broilers. Diet 1 (0 % MTCPM) served as the control while diets 2, 3, 4 and 5 contained 25, 50, 75 and 100 % MTCPM respectively replacing maize in the diets of birds. A total of one hundred and fifty (150) day-old broiler chicks were randomly allotted into five treatment groups with three replicates of ten birds each. Each group was assigned to the five experimental diets in completely randomized design (CRD). Throughout the experimental period, feed and water were provided ad libitum for all treatment groups. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in all the haematological parameters measured. The values obtained for packed cell volume (36.21- 38.19 %), white blood cell (4.18 - 4.20 x 103/ml), red blood cell (4.48 - 4.86 x 106/ml), haemoglobin (11.96-12.68 g/dl) were similar regardless of MTCPM level in the diet. The results of the serum biochemical indices of broiler chickens fed MTCPM based diet revealed that the serum protein (2.01 – 2.43 mg/dl) level increased (P<0.05) among birds fed 50 % MTCPM based diet compared to others. The dietary inclusion of MTCPM did not significantly (P>0.05) influence the cholesterol (0.92-1.19 mmol/l), glucose (6.40-6.91 mmol/l), and urea (0.69-0.80 mg/dl) compositions of the broilers fed the experimental diets. It was concluded that MTCPM has a high potential as feed ingredient in poultry diets and could be included in the diet of broiler birds without any deleterious effect on health status of the birds.