bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS KUALITAS PELAYANAN RAWAT INAP PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI RUMAH SAKIT CIREMAI KOTA CIREBON
Authors: Erna Erna , Ramadhani Irfan
Published: March 2022

Perkembangan teknologi yang pesat dan adanya persaingan rumah sakit dituntut untuk memberikan dan meningkatkan pelayanannya. Pasien akan merasa puas apabila pelayanan kesehatan yang diperoleh sesuai dengan harapaanya, maka sudah selayaknya Rumah Sakit Ciremai Kota Cirebon memperhatikan kualitas pelayanan guna meningkatkan kepuasaan pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kualitas pelayanan terhadap kepuasan pasien rawat inap pada masa pandemi covid-19 di rumah sakit ciremai kota Cirebon.

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif analisis. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan teknik accidental sampling melalui penyebaran angket/kuesioner dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 100 orang. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif.

Hasil analisis data terkait variabel Kualitas Pelayanan (X) yang memperoleh nilai skor total sebesar 4.821 atau 88% dengan kategori sangat baik . Selain itu, variabel Kepuasaan (Y) juga memperoleh nilai skor total sebesar 3.474 atau 87% dengan kategori sangat setuju.
Quando as regras da morada geraram revolta: uma reinterpretação da emergência das Ligas Camponesas (1955-1964)
Authors: Guandalini Genaro Eduardo , Alves Gomes Ramonildes
Published: March 2022

This article discusses how the relationship between large landowners and those who lived on these properties changed, observing how the values ​​of the morada were resignified by residents during the mobilization of the Ligas Camponesas in Paraíba to determine traces of continuity and discontinuity between symbols, the repertoire of the movement, and the morality of these actors. We analyze this process from the relationship between morality and revolt, focusing on the question of how the foreiros, who were most responsible for disseminating the moral rules of the morada, were mobilized the most in the Ligas. This is accomplished by hermeneutic analysis of second-hand oral reports of narratives by participants in the movement.elocation-id: e2230106Received: 10.13.2021   •   Accepted: 03.03.2022   •   Published: 03.30.2022Original article  /  Blind peer review  /  Open access
Decreased cortical thickness and normal regional homogeneity underlying cognitive impairment in cerebral small vessel disease
Authors: Mo Yuting , Huang Lili , Qin Ruomeng , He Kelei , Ke Zhihong , Hu Zheqi , Mao Chenglu , Xu Biyun , Qi Ruowen , Zhu Xiaolei , Ye Qing
Published: March 2022

Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is the most common cause of vascular cognitive impairment (CI). However, the cognitive performance of individuals with CSVD varies considerably. Early identification of neuroimaging changes related to CI caused by CSVD is important for the prediction and management of CI. The present study aimed to explore the early alterations in cortical thickness and regional homogeneity (ReHo) related to CI in people with CSVD. A total of 106 participants with CSVD with CI, 77 participants with CSVD without CI, and 121 control participants underwent neuropsychological tests and multimodal magnetic resonance imaging scans. Cortical thickness was analyzed using FreeSurfer software, and ReHo patterns were explored using the DPARSF toolbox in brain regions that exhibited alterations in cortical thickness. The CSVD with CI group exhibited decreased cortical thickness but normal ReHo in the right anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG), right cuneus, bilateral insula, and right middle temporal gyrus compared with that in the other two groups. Specifically, both cortical thickness and ReHo in the right ACG were significantly associated with memory performance in CSVD patients with CI. In addition, impaired visuospatial function occurred earlier than the decline of global function in CSVD patients and was related to cortical thinning in the right middle temporal gyrus. In conclusion, decreased cortical thickness but normal ReHo in the right ACG, right cuneus, bilateral insula, and right middle temporal gyrus are characteristic alterations related to the development of CI in CSVD patients. These findings may contribute to the early prediction of CI in CSVD patients.
EPAC2 knockout causes abnormal tau pathology through calpain-mediated CDK5 activation
Authors: Liu De-Yi , Huang He-Zhou , Li Ke , Lu Youming , Zhu Ling-Qiang
Published: March 2022

Tau pathology, including aberrant tau hyperphosphorylation, aggregation, and mislocalization, is implicated in many neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which is the most prevalent dementia among the elderly. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying tau pathology should help advance therapies for neurodegenerative diseases. Perturbations in cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent signaling play an important role in the pathophysiology of numerous neurological diseases. EPAC2 is an intracellular cAMP receptor whose expression is downregulated in AD. However, the involvement and role of EPAC2 in tau pathology remain unclear. In this study, we report for the 1st time that EPAC2 is downregulated in the hippocampus of Tg2576 mice, a widely used transgenic mouse model of familial AD. Furthermore, genetic deletion of EPAC2 resulted in abnormal hyperphosphorylation at multiple sites on tau. Aberrant tau aggregation and abnormal neuronal morphology were also detected in these EPAC2−/− mice. Administration of inhibitors of CDK5 or calpain effectively rescued the tau pathology in EPAC2−/− mice. This suggests that the activation of CDK5 by calpain plays an important role in the development of tau pathology in these EPAC2−/− mice. Collectively, our findings demonstrate a direct link between EPAC2 and tau pathology, and suggest that the EPAC2 and calpain/CDK5 signaling pathways may have potential as therapeutic targets for AD.
Analysis of the Effect of Financing on the Profitability of Islamic Commercial Banking in 2016-2020
Authors: Triyanto Aguk , Imam Mukhlis
Published: March 2022

This study was conducted to determine the effect of mudharabah, musyarakah, murabahah, and non-performing financing (NPF) financing on the profitability of sharia commercial banks registered with the Financial Services Authority (OJK) for the 2016-2020 period. The analysis used in this study uses vector error correction models (VECM) analysis techniques. The results of this study indicate that in the short term there is only one significant variable on return on assets (ROA), namely the NPF variable. Meanwhile, the results of the long-term analysis show that the mudharabah and NPF variables have a significant effect on ROA at the 5% level. Meanwhile, the musyarakah and murabahah variables have no significant effect on ROA. Meanwhile, the impulse response function (IRF) of the mudharabah, musyarakah and murabahah variables have a positive and negative effect, while the NPF variable has a negative effect. For FEVD the variable that has a major contribution to ROA is mudharabah financing, followed by murabahah and NPF, then the last contribution is the musyarakah variable.
THE EFFECT OF DISTANCE LEARNING THROUGH LEARNER CENTER MICROTEACHING MODEL ON PCK, EXPERIENCE, PERFORMANCE, AND PROFESSIONAL AWARENESS
Authors: Nasar Adrianus , Kaleka Melkyanus Bili Umbu , Alung Helena Vidamsi
Published: March 2022

This study aims to see the effect of distance learning through LCMT, experience, performance, and professional awareness of 6th semester students of the Physics Education study program. This study used an experimental method with a posttest design with 33 respondents. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire technique with 33 items of instruments. Data for each instrument item using a Likert scale with the accumulated number of each instrument item. The results showed that the effect of distance learning through LCMT had a very high effect on PCK (score 149), experience (score 142), performance (score 146), and on professional awareness (score 144).
Prevalencia de burnout en enfermeras de nefrología tras un año de pandemia por COVID-19
Authors: Terns-Campius Laura , Pedreira-Robles Guillermo
Published: March 2022

Introducción: La prevalencia de la enfermedad renal crónica, así como la complejidad de su manejo terapéutico, hace que las enfermeras de nefrología sean susceptibles a sufrir síndrome de Burnout. En este escenario, ha aparecido la pandemia por COVID-19. Esta nueva situación puede potenciar la aparición de Burnout entre las enfermeras nefrológicas. Objetivo: Describir la prevalencia del Síndrome de Burnout, entre las enfermeras de un servicio de nefrología de un hospital terciario. Método:Estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal y unicéntrico. La recogida de datos se efectuó mediante un cuestionario ad-hoc con preguntas sociodemográficas y laborales. Se administró el cuestionario validado “Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS)”, compuesto de preguntas sobre sentimientos y actitudes de profesionales hacia pacientes y compañeros de trabajo. Resultados: Se incluyó a 28 enfermeras, correspondiendo al 71,79% de la población a estudio, con una media de 18,00±12,17 años de experiencia. 11 (39,28%) tuvieron COVID-19. 24 (85,71%) estaban vacunadas. 18 (64,29%) no recibieron formación específica sobre el SARS-CoV2. 13 (46,43%) enfermeras tenían miedo de transmitir la COVID-19 a su entorno y 5 (17,90%) tenían miedo a contagiarse. 19 (67,86%) se sentían mal anímicamente.Los resultados del MBI-HSS destacaron a 15 (58,57%) enfermeras con al menos dos de las tres esferas del Síndrome de Burnout afectadas. Conclusiones: Las enfermeras presentan un riesgo real de SdB en el contexto actual descrito y la implementación de programas de prevención y tratamiento sería lo apropiado según la literatura de referencia. La esfera con mayor afectación reportada es la de la realización personal.
Synthesis of combinational circuits by means of bi-decomposition of Boolean functions
Authors: Pottosin Yu. V.
Published: March 2022

O b j e c t i v e s . The problem of synthesis of combinational circuits in the basis of two-input gates is considered. Those gates are AND, OR, NAND and NOR. The objective of the paper is to investigate the possibilities of application of bi-decomposition of Boolean functions to the synthesis of combinational circuits.

M e t h o d s . The method for bi-decomposition is reduced to the search in a graph for a weighted two-block cover with complete bipartite subgraphs (bi-cliques).

R e s u l t s . The initial Boolean function is given as two ternary matrices, one of which represents the domain of Boolean space where the function has the value 1, and the other is the domain of Boolean space where the function has the value 0. The orthogonality graph of rows of ternary matrices representing the given function is considered.  The method for two-bi-clique covering the orthogonality graph of rows of ternary matrices is described. Every bi-clique in the obtained cover is assigned in a certain way with а set of variables that are the arguments of the function. This set is the weight of the bi-clique. Each of those bi-cliques defines a Boolean function whose arguments are the variables assigned to it. The functions obtained in such a way constitute the required decomposition.

Co n c l u s i o n .  The  process  of  synthesis  of  a  combinational  circuit  consists  of  a  successive  application  of bi-decomposition to obtained functions. The suggested method allows obtaining the circuits with short delay.
How Much Does Multitasking Cost You?
Authors: Editorial Office
Published: March 2022

Multitasking is a widely studied phenomenon that has garnered interest in recent years due to the development of modern technology. The act of performing numerous tasks that requires a split in cognitive function has always existed, but it has become increasingly prevalent because of the commonality of texting while driving and the dangers associated with it. Due to the perceived risks of multitasking while operating machinery, laws have been implemented to prevent it in many states, but outside the high stakes circumstance of texting and driving, not much exploration has been done into the efficacy of task juggling in a low risk setting to evaluate the costs and benefits. Previous methods of testing the effects of multitasking have largely been within the context of driving and academic performance and have concluded that engaging in multiple activities affects cognitive functioning. However, there has been less focus on a quantifiable and objective measure to the impact of distractions in a home setting. The aim of this study is to use the Brain Gauge, a cognitive assessment tool, to investigate the relationship between the intensity and type of multitasking activities and cognitive processing through the inclusion of different media types to serve as distractors. This was explored by testing the reaction times of individuals while they simultaneously performed a series of engaging but mundane tasks. Ultimately it was found that there was a statistically significant change in reaction time while watching television compared to the control. The results from this study can be used to better understand how multitasking affects cognitive function and help to determine whether it should be avoided during crucial tasks such as homework and driving.
Carbapenemase typing and resistance profile of Enterobacteriaceae with reduced sensitivity to carbapenems in a Middle Eastern tertiary care center
Authors: Malek Alexander , Abi Chebl Josselin , Younes Hadi , Choucair Jacques , Azar Nadim
Published: March 2022

Objective: nowadays resistant bacteria represent worldwide a public health problem leading in some cases to a stalemate without any possible treatment. Therefore early detection and identification of carbapenemase producing gram-negative bacteria (GNB) is of crucial importance. Consequently we conducted a study in a tertiary care hospital to analyze the resistance phenotype of the carbapenem resistant GNB (CRGNB).
Methods: we collected all the CRGNB from September 2014 till January 2016, we took randomly 40/126 strains and performed a sensitivity test in addition to a real time multiplex PCR to detect the exact carbapenemase coding genes (bla SPC , bla IMP1, bla VIM , bla NDM , bla KPC , et bla OXA-48). The studied strains were: Escherichia coli (70%), Klebsiella pneumonia (20%), Enterobacter aerogenes (2,5%), Enterobacter cloacae (2.5%) et Klebsiella oxytoca (2.5%).
Results: 100% of the studied strains were intermediate or resistant to ertapenem, 85% intermediate or resistant to imipenem and/or meropenem. 33 / 40 strains (82.5%) are bla OXA-48 positive et one strain (2.5%) is bla NDM positive. the OXA-48 were urinary strains of E coli. 6 / 40 strains (15%) did not express carbapenemase genes in molecular studies.
Conclusion: we note a marked emergence of CPGNB especially bla OXA-48 with high resistance pattern leading to narrow therapeutic options. This requires a rapid detection of such strains of GNB so that to initiate quickly the right preventive and therapeutic measures to avoid hospital epidemics with disastrous consequences.
Europa Biodiversity Observation Network: User and Policy Needs Assessment
Authors: Moersberger Hannah , Martin Juliette G. C. , Junker Jessi , Georgieva Ivelina , Bauer Silke , Beja Pedro , Breeze Tom , Brotons Lluís , Bruelheide Helge , Fernández Néstor , Fernandez Miguel , Jandt Ute , Langer Christian , Lyche Solheim Anne , Maes Joachim , Moreira Francisco , Pe'er Guy , Santana Joana , Shamoun-Baranes Judy , Smets Bruno , Valdez Jose , McCallum Ian , Pereira Henrique M. , Bonn Aletta
Published: March 2022

In this report, we present the analysis of the different available biodiversity data streams at the EU and national level, both baseline biodiversity data and monitoring data. We assess how these biodiversity data inform and trigger policy action and identify the related challenges the different European countries and relevant EU agencies face and the solutions to overcome them. To do this, we consulted with more than 350 expert stakeholders from policy, research and practice. The assessment identified a fragmented biodiversity data landscape that cannot currently easily answer all relevant policy questions. Quantity and quality of biodiversity baseline datasets differ for the different countries, ranging from non-existent biodiversity monitoring due to capacity issues, to regular monitoring of ecosystem processes and state. By engaging stakeholders and experts in both member states and non-member states and from several EU bodies, we identified key challenges and ways to address these with targeted solutions towards building a joint European Biodiversity Monitoring Network. Solutions include focussing on cooperation and coordination, enhanced data standardisation and sharing, as well as the use of models and new technologies. These solutions can however only be realised with dedicated funding and capacity building, in coordination with all stakeholders in partnership.
Evidence for Psychiatric Nursing Practice: An Analysis of Three Years of Published Research
Authors: Zauszniewski Jaclene , Suresky Jane
Published: March 2022

Psychiatric and mental health nursing practice continues to be strongly influenced by tradition, unsystematic trial and error, and authority. Yet the need for quality care that is based on the best and most current empirical research is well documented. Achieving evidence-based practice in the psychiatric nursing specialty will require that qualified nurse researchers conduct research relevant for practice and appropriately disseminate that research to those who can best use it, practicing nurses. This State of the Evidence Review analyzed the 227 data-based studies published in the five most commonly read American psychiatric nursing journals from January 2000 through December 2002. Five major research foci were found: global perspectives, psychiatric nurses as subjects, studies of family caregivers, research with clients across the life span, and testing of nursing interventions. About 88% of the studies were conducted in the United States; 63% involved recipients of mental health care services; but only 11% tested psychiatric nursing interventions. Promoting evidence-based practice in psychiatric nursing will require increasing the numbers of psychiatric nurse researchers, enriching the research process (i.e., increasing relevance and appropriate dissemination), and implementing changes in practice that are based on the best and most currently available evidence, rather than on the equivalents of "Old Wives’ Tales."
Dissipating the Perfect Storm – Responses from Nursing and the Health Care Industry to Protect the Public’s Health
Authors: Bleich Michael , Hewlett Peggy
Published: March 2022

This article summarizes the major national workforce reports and references the need for a tiered and comprehensive approach to avert the imminent nursing shortage crisis. Since 2002, commendable efforts have been made to increase supply, respond to current demand, and enhance the working environment to benefit recruitment and retention. Four areas are highlighted as exemplars of effort: supply and demand; work environment; new partnerships and public/private ventures; and patient-centered and essential patient-safe care.
Needlestick and Sharps Injury Prevention
Authors: Wilburn Susan
Published: March 2022

Every day while caring for patients, nurses are at risk to exposure to bloodborne pathogens potentially resulting in infections such as HIV or hepatitis B and C. These exposures, while preventable, are often accepted as being a part of the job. In the United States, needlestick injuries have begun to decrease from an estimated one million exposures per year in 1996 to 385,000 per year in 2000. This decline has resulted from the protections afforded by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration’s (OSHA) Bloodborne Pathogens Standard. Reasons for the success in decreasing needlestick and sharps injuries may be attributed to the elimination of needle recapping and the use of safer needle devices, sharps collection boxes, gloves and personal protective gear, and universal precautions. The prevention of needlestick injuries has made slow progress over the past 20 years since the HIV epidemic drew attention to the deadly nature of health care work and to protection of health care worker health and safety. In Africa, where the AIDS virus originated and where the prevalence of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among hospitalized patients is highest in the world, attention has been directed only recently at protecting health care workers. Nurses, especially those infected from a preventable exposure, have been at the forefront of advocacy for prevention. This article includes a review about the hazard of exposure to bloodborne pathogens and epidemiology of occupational infection. The author discusses how to apply standard methods of occupational health and industry hygiene using the hierarchy of controls framework to prevent exposure to blood, and discusses evidence-based prevention and efficacy of particular control measures. Legislative progress and implementation of enforceable policy to protect health care workers is outlined.
State Involvement in Professional Nursing Development in Israel: Promotive or Restrictive
Authors: Riba Shoshana , Greenberger Chaya , Reches Hiba
Published: March 2022

This article describes the role of the Israeli Ministry of Health’s Nursing Division in regulating the development of the nursing profession and the nursing care provided. First, factors influencing professional nursing in Israel and the development of the Ministry of Health’s Nursing Division are presented. Then, examples of the Nursing Division’s influence on nursing practice, the process of statutory authorization used to facilitate this influence, and future Nursing Division initiatives are discussed. The article concludes by noting that, on balance, ministerial (governmental) involvement strengthens the nursing profession and the quality of nursing care provided, yet may also restrict nurses’ private concerns.
Pain Assessment and Management in Aging
Authors: Hanks-Bell Mimi , Halvey Kathleen , Paice Judith
Published: March 2022

Pain in the absence of disease is not a normal part of aging, yet it is experienced daily by a majority of older adults in the United States. Older adults are at high risk for undertreatment of pain due to a variety of barriers. These include lack of adequate education of health care professionals, cost concerns and other obstacles related to the health care system, and patient related barriers, such as reluctance to report pain or take analgesics. Unrelieved pain in the older adult has significant functional, cognitive, emotional, and societal consequences. Pain control begins with a thorough assessment, including an extensive history and physical examination. This information guides the plan of care, including both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic therapies. Pharmacologic therapies include non-opioids, opioids, and adjuvant analgesics. Nonpharmacologic techniques include cognitive-behavioral strategies, such as distraction, guided imagery, education, and prayer, and physical measures, including heat, massage, bracing, and assistive devices. Health care professionals must be cognizant of the special pain-related needs of this fastest growing segment of the population.
Application of Convolution Neural Networks in Web Search Log Mining for Effective Web Document Clustering
Authors: Chawla Suruchi
Published: March 2022

The volume of web search data stored in search engine log is increasing and has become big search log data. The web search log has been the source of data for mining based on web document clustering techniques to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of information retrieval. In this paper Deep Learning Model Convolution Neural Network(CNN) is used in big web search log data mining to learn the semantic representation of a document. These semantic documents vectors are clustered using K-means to group relevant documents for effective web document clustering. Experiment was done on the data set of web search query and associated clicked URLs to measure the quality of clusters based on document semantic representation using Deep learning model CNN. The clusters analysis was performed based on WCSS(the sum of squared distances of documents samples to their closest cluster center) and decrease in the WCSS in comparison to TF.IDF keyword based clusters confirm the effectiveness of CNN in web search log mining for effective web document clustering.
A New Churn Prediction Model Based on Deep Insight Features Transformation for Convolution Neural Network Architecture and Stacknet
Authors: Rabbah Jalal , Ridouani Mohammed , Hassouni Larbi
Published: March 2022

Predicting churn has become a critical issue for service providers around the world. In particular, telecom operators for whom acquiring new customers is four times more costly than retaining existing ones. To keep up with the market, considerable investments are made to develop new anti-churn strategies, including machine learning models that are increasingly used in this field. In the proposed work, we combine three stages. In first stage, by using deepInsight, we transform the attributes of dataset into images in order to take the advantage of the strength of convolution networks in detecting hidden patterns in the dataset. In second stage, we use deep convolutional neural network for features extraction. In the last stage, we built a three-layer Stacknet of eight selected algorithms using a successive split-grid search for classification and churn prediction. The proposed model obtained the best accuracy score of 83,4%, better than the others proposed models in literatures.
A DESCONSTRUÇÃO HEIDEGGERIANA DA METAFÍSICA COMO TERAPIA DA CONDIÇÃO HUMANA
Authors: Seibt Cezar Luís
Published: March 2022

O texto, resultado de um estudo teórico, reflete sobre o potencial do pensamento do filósofo Martin Heidegger no que se refere às possibilidades nele contidas de reexperimentar o fundo a partir do qual os nossos empreendimentos teóricos e práticos se constituem. A ênfase recai sobre a desconstrução e fecundidade nela presente para a psicologia e para outras ciências humanas. Situaremos o problema, apresentaremos em traços gerais o seu pensamento e apontaremos alguns desafios que representam indícios de uma terapia para as explicações, teorias e práticas de cuidado com o ser humano. Esse movimento para dentro do ambiente não tematizado onde vivemos e pensamos, mas que é a condição de possibilidade deste mesmo ambiente, se constitui como acesso à condição humana, na direção da proximidade com o inaugural. E permite a compreensão e liberação do ser humano para além dos projetos ônticos, resultando em terapia das terapias especializadas, em terapia da condição humana no mundo.
TREINAMENTO DE HABILIDADES SOCIAIS EDUCATIVAS COM MÃES DE PRÉ-ADOLESCENTES COM DEFICIÊNCIA AUDITIVA
Authors: Do Prado Mariani da Costa Ribas , Abramides Dagma Venturini Marques
Published: March 2022

Desenvolveu-se um Programa de Treinamento de Habilidades Sociais Educativas com mães de pré-adolescentes com deficiência auditiva. Duas mães constituíram o Grupo Experimental (GE) e duas, o Controle (GC). Buscou-se avaliar os efeitos do Programa no repertório de comportamentos das mães e dos filhos por meio do Roteiro de Entrevista de Habilidades Sociais Educativas Parentais (RE-HSE-P) e o do Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Foi utilizado o método Jacobson Truax para análise dos dados do RE-HSE-P, obtendo mudanças confiáveis em relação ao incremento das habilidades sociais educativas positivas e das habilidades sociais infantis para o GE. Os dados do CBCL indicaram problemas de comportamento internalizantes no GE e em um participante do GC e problemas de comportamento externalizantes em um participante do GC na pré e na pós-intervenção e na avaliação follow up (para o GE). Acredita-se que o desenvolvimento de Programas nestes moldes pode se constituir em um importante aliado da fonoterapia.
Report on the sensitivity tests of the pulmonary tuberculosis patient treated with anti-tuberculous drags
Authors: Kim Ki Ho , Yoo Ok Hi
Published: March 2022

1) The sputum of 50 pulmonary T. B. patients, treated by the various combination of Anti-TB drugs or a long-term , was examined by the sensitivity test at stated periods in order to find the emerging rate of the resistant Tubercle bacilli.2) 17% were resistant to 5mcg/ cc INH, at 6 months-treatment, and 100% where treatment was carried out for more than one year.20% were resistant to10mcg/cc of culture at 6 months, but thereafter, no significant increase of the rate was noticed. The resistance rate to 10mcg/cc SM was notably increased following treatment fot one year. The rates shown in this study are quite similar to those reported by others in Korea and foreign countries.3) lt was felt that accurate information concerning the duration of treatment and the administered dosage prior to a sensitivity test plays an important role in interpreting the results of sensitivity tests.
Tuberculin Allergy and Immunity After the Inoculation of Antituberculous-Drug-Resistant B. C. G.
Authors: Lee Sung Kwan , Kim Kyung Soo
Published: March 2022

Although it is well known that the B. C. G. inoculation plays an important role in the prevention of tuberculosis,many cases may be infected by the virulent tuberculous bacilli before the B. C. C. inoculation in the area whereactive cases are prevalent, like in Korea. Thus, in our laboratory l. N. A. H. - and streptomycin-resistant B, C. G. was cultured in vitro and it was inoculated in rabbits. I. N.A.H. and streptomycin were administered to these rabbits simultaneously and the B. C. G. local lesion and tuberculin-allergy were observed.1) When the B. C. G. which is resistant to 50r of l. N. A. H. and B. C. G. resistant to 50r of Streptomycin were compared with non-resistant Control B. C. G., there was no significant differences in the B. C. G. local lesion and tuberculin allergy, but the development of tuberculin allergy was delayed in the resistant group.2) After the inoculation of control B. C. G., the untreated group was compared with the groups treated by l. N. A. H. and Streptomycin respectively. There were no difference between the l. N. A. H.treated group and the untreated group, but in the Streptomycin treated groupthe local lesion and tuberculin allergy were significantly weak.3) After the inoculation of B. C. G. which is resistant to 50r of l. N. A. H. , there were no differences between the untreated group and l. N. A. H treated (5 mg per kg of body weight) group.4) After the inoculation or B. C. G. which is resistant to 50r of Streptomycin, the local lesion and tuberculin allergy were weaker in the Streptomycin treated( 10mg per kg of body weight ) group than the untreated group.
Clinical Study and Conservative Treatment of lung Abscess
Authors: Kim Pyoung Ki , Oh Sang Baik
Published: March 2022

1) Thirteen cases of Iung abscess 8 male and 5 female were studied clinically and treated conservatively in our department during 9 months from November 1958. The age of the majority cases varied between 21 and 40 years.2) Seven cases were probably primary, caused either by aspiration of foreign bodies or pneumonia. Five cases were secondary bronchiectasis and bronchial tumor obstruction, 1 case was obscured.3) Bacteria cultures of sputum showed no dominant bacteria in most cases and there were only 2 subacute, the others were all in the chronic stage.4) The cases were located 10 the right Iung and specially in the Iower Iobe. Superior and posterior basal segments of the lower lobe were the major Iocalion in the cases due to aspiration.5) Postural drainage seems 10 be of the same importance as continuous adequated antibiotic treatment. Two cases were complicated with Iocalized empyema.
A Case of Resected Mediastinal Dermoid Cyst
Authors: Kim Pyoung Ki , Yoo H. S. , Kim K. H.
Published: March 2022

The case is 47 years old moderately well developed poorly, nourished male farmer. Family history and past history are not contributory. Symptomes started 8 years ago with right shoulder and upper chest pain, and followed by fever and productive cough in few month. Smelled foul smell in expectoration and increased in amount gradually. Hemoptysis started 5 years ago, and repeated it several times every year thereafter. In the past several years he often spat up whitish hair mixed with sticky expectoration. On admission, he appeared poorly nourished, pale and chronically ill-appearing. But was slightly dyspneic only on exertion without high fever. Physical examination revealed no other visible defect or deformity in any part of body, no any palpaale nodules. There was dullness on percussion on right upper chest with markedly diminished breathing sound Whowed marked clubbing fingers. B.P.90/60, Hemoglobin 6.8 gm%, sputum negative for AFB though it was once diagnosed as pulmonary tuberculosis in the past, and others insignificant. During the hospitalization, he used to raise up 300-650 ml of sputum but continued with normal fever, and hemoglobin also improved to 11.3 gm%, Eryhorocyte sedimentation rate improved form 70 mm, to 23,,./hr. Totla serum protein increased slightly with great increase of γ-globulin. ECG was normal. Bronchoscopy showed a big tumor mass in posterior wall of right main bronchus, and the biopsy specimen from that lesion was reported as fibrous polyp. Bacterial culture of sputum showed ordinary throat flora bvut no predominant one. Pneumonectomied right lung contained big fabric polyps protruding into the bronchus which iave impressing of arising from the bronchus. Itwas hard to find where did it come from even in operation or on histopathological examination but he tissue was found to contain tubular structure which is covered by pseudostratified epithelium., cartilage plate, mucosal mixed glands, and also mixed with pancreatic tissues. The polyp was also covered by the suin which is consisting of hair follicles, sebaceous gland and sweat glands.
Study of The Late Results And Factors Influencing The Prognosis in Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Lee Hyo Keun
Published: March 2022

Since the introduction of specific drugs great advances in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis have been made and some of older methods of treatment have been amost abandoned. Pulmonary tuberculosis is a long-standing, chronic disease and the final aim of all therapy is a complete return to normal life.Therefore, the true value of various types of treatment can be measured most effectively by comparing the long-term follow-up results of patients treated in different ways. It is also felt that an analysis of the late results obtained in patients followed for many years might reveal much information of value in guiding the future handling of this disease. The purpose of this study is to present the late results and analyze the factors influencing the results of four to fifteen years follow-up on 387 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis discharged from the Piedmont Sanatorium in 1942 to 1953. This was accomplished with the co-operation of the local health departments serving the counties and cities of Virginia. Following results and factors, influencing the results of four to fifteen years follow-up, are found through this study.1) There are no significant differences in mortality of male and female patients.2) In the male group the mortality increases with the age. In the female group this trend is reversed and the mortality of the younger group.3) The greater the extent of disease, the higher the mortality.4) There is a definite correlation between the absence or presence of cavitary lesions and the mortality rates.Patients with no cavity show a better prognosis than those with one or more cavities. The larger the cavity, the higher the mortality rate. There is a minor differnce in the mortality who have cavity in right or lungs respectively. In unilateral cavities there is no difference in mortality according to position. Bilateral cavitation presents a worse prognosis than those unilateral cavitation.5) Patients with positive bacteriological findings on discharge show poorer prognosis than those with negative findings.6. Patients who show moderate to marked improvement within eight months of therapy show better results than those who fail to improve within that period.7. Prolonged chemotherapy is markedly effective in minimal cases. In moderately advanced and far advanced cases with cavitary lesions, the combination of chemotherapy and excisional surgery produces the best results.8. The greater the extent of disease of the contralateral lung at operation, the higher the mortality.9. Chemotherapy should be continued for long period, at least more than 12 months, and the superior regimens are SM-PAS-INH and INH-PAS.10. Among all treatment groups, as a whole, most of the deaths occure during the first four years after discharge, following which the proportion of annual deaths occur at a much lower rate.
Surgical Results of Pulmonary Tuberculosis With Cycloserine Viomycin Regimen and Kanamycin Regimen
Authors: Choi Byung Moo , Lee Yung Lin , Lee Chan Bum
Published: March 2022

Recently, we studied patients of pulmonary tuberculosis for two years and six months. We performed 61 operations on them: of these 5 were pneumonectomy, 25 lobectomies, 8 segmental resections and 23 thoracoplasty. In order to prevent postoperative complications of 38 lung-resected patients, we treated 16 cases with cycloserine+vimycin, and other 22 cases were treated with kanamycin. Of 16 cases treated with cyccloserin+viomycin regimen, 8 were lobectomies, 8 segmental resections, Among 16 cycloserine+viomycin regimen, 2 cases of segmental resections developed broncho-pleural fistula postoperatively, 1 of lobectomies and 1 of segmental resections had reactivation. Three cases of 17 lobectomies with kanamycin regimen developed positive sputum postoperatively, one case of 5 pneumonectomies with kanamycin regimen head reactivation in the remaining lung. Kanamycin regimen has been found to be better than cycloserine+viomycin regimen, in view of preventing postoperative complications.
Primary Lung Carcinoma
Authors: Kim Pyoung Ki , Yoo Hwae Sung
Published: March 2022

Bring past 3 years, we have examined and treatment 48 cases of primary lung cancer in M.C and S.C department, among which male was 41 and female was 7. Most of them were in 4th and 5th decades. As for type differentiation, epidermoid carcinoma was 23, anaplastic carcinoma 13, adenocarcinoma 7, and 5 were not specified. Group 1 was remarkably high in cumber also in out scries but different in sex distribution from other authors. As it was stated in the beginning, it is impossible to make any reliable statistics with this material because of small number. X-ray patterns were tried to establish, and 10 categories were made but it was not to make characteristic patterns to majority of cases. Operability according to X-ray pattern, duration of symptoms in connection to different types were observed but no significance was found except few minor points as was mentioned in each column, Study on the method of diagnosis revealed that bronchial biopsy was the most reliable method, especial in epidermoid carcinoma and with quite birg number in anaplastic carcinoma. However, in adenocarcinoma all cases were diagnosed by scalene node biopsy in our series. Only 4 cases were diagnosed as cancer prior to out O.P.D. but others were diagnosed variously, among which tuberculosis was most predominant. As for the symptom at onset cough was most prominent in most of cases, and chest pain was the net. In most of the cases, E.S.R. was elevated markedly. Localization did not show any significant result. Relation between smoking habit and cancer incidence was observed but no significance was found in either sex or type of tumor.
Tension Cavity
Authors: Song Sun Bo , Kim Kyung Sik
Published: March 2022

The concept of the tension cavity is relatively recent. The purpose of the present report is to emphasize the frequency of tension cavities in c1inical tube1'culòsis and to stress the role of endobronchial obstruction in the causation of such cavities. The tension cavities are often encountered in pulmonary tuberculosis.The cavities are caused by a check-valve mechanism resulting chiefly from two factors: an organic bronchial obstruction or a mechanical bronchial obstruction.Ten cases of tension cavity were presented. It was exclusively predominant in male, in relatively young adults.Obliteration or marked reduction of the tension cavities occurred in 2 to 9 weeks.The cavities of eight cases located in upper lung field, while the remainders located in middle lung field.The size of cavities were within 4cm, all but one which was 4.2cm. in diameter. The 6 cases were infectious.About 60 percent of tension cavity patients had blood-streaked sputum or hemoptysis. Chest pain was recorded in four cases. All but two cases had elevated ESR. AIl cases gained favorable, dramatic results with the rest and the effective anti-tuberculous chemotherapy.
On the Cross-reaction between Old Tuberculin and Atypical Acid-fast Bacilli Antigen to Rabbits Inoculated with Atypical Acid-fast Bacilli
Authors: Kim Doo Hie , Lee Sung Kwan
Published: March 2022

For a decade the atypical Acid fast Bacilli(A.A.B.) have been separated from lesion and sputum of patient of pulmonary tuberculosis by many investigator, and its various studies has been subsequently performed biologically, biochemically, clinicopathological and immunologically etc. In Korea, previous several years, the A.A.B.-strains were also found from sputum of patients, and the biological study and virulence were already reported by Lee and Kim at Association of TB in Korea, 1960, respective. Consequently, it was various options according to investigator, that the large dose tuberculin sensitivity as compare with small dose tuberculin sensitivity was influenced bu various acid fast mycobacteria exclusive of the M. tuberculosis. or inclusive of the M. tuberculosis. Therefore, author studied the cross reaction of skin allergy between OT and A.A.B. antigen to experimental rabbits subcutaneously and intraperitoneally inoculated with A.A.B.-strains and contrast strains, B.C.G. and H37 Rv.The preparation of OT and A.A.B. antigens had been prepared by identical method. They were intradermally, simultaneously injected every times 0.1cc. of antigens which diluted with saline to 500:1, and subsequently injected 5 times every two week for 12 weeks. The repose was observated at the degree of the reaction (0-4; 5-9;10-14;15-19;) and the positive rate by injection, 48 hours late. The result was summarized as following:1)Although short period the response of OT may considered the crossreaction in groups of rabbits chiefly inoculated by the photochromogens and nonphotochromogens via both routes of inoculation.2) The response for properantigens were more or less specific in all groups, but the group intraperitoneally inoculated with scotochromogens has not specificity. 3) In the intraperitoneally inoculated parts the pattern of response from A.A.B. antigens were made bimodal curve on the graph both at the degree of reaction and positive rate in all groups except contrast. But thepattern from OT was made one peaked curve in all groups inoculated via both routes.
Comparison of Laser and Conventional Lancing Devices for Blood Glucose Measurement Conformance and Patient Satisfaction in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Kim Jung A , Park Min Jeong , Song Eyun , Roh Eun , Park So Young , Lee Da Young , Kim Jaeyoung , Yu Ji Hee , Seo Ji A , Choi Kyung Mook , Baik Sei Hyun , Yoo Hye Jin , Kim Nan Hee
Published: March 2022

Self-monitoring of capillary blood glucose is important for controlling diabetes. Recently, a laser lancing device (LMT-1000) that can collect capillary blood without skin puncture was developed. We enrolled 150 patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus. Blood sampling was performed on the same finger on each hand using the LMT-1000 or a conventional lancet. The primary outcome was correlation between glucose values using the LMT-1000 and that using a lancet. And we compared the pain and satisfaction of the procedures. The capillary blood sampling success rates with the LMT-1000 and lancet were 99.3% and 100%, respectively. There was a positive correlation (r=0.974, P<0.001) between mean blood glucose levels in the LMT-1000 (175.8±63.0 mg/dL) and conventional lancet samples (172.5±63.6 mg/dL). LMT-1000 reduced puncture pain by 75.0% and increased satisfaction by 80.0% compared to a lancet. We demonstrated considerable consistency in blood glucose measurements between samples from the LMT-1000 and a lancet, but improved satisfaction and clinically significant pain reduction were observed with the LMT-1000 compared to those with a lancet.
A Novel Coordination Method for an Integrated Chassis Controller of an 8x8 Combat Vehicle
Authors: Ahmed Moataz , El-Gindy Moustafa , Lang Haoxiang
Published: March 2022

The objective of the Integrated Chassis Controllers (ICC) is to combine multiple actuators and dynamics controllers to maximize the overall vehicle performance at all driving conditions. It is well known that there are two methods that can be used to develop an ICC. The first is a centralized method, where all the actuators are considered in one controller to ensure a harmonic integration between different actuators. The second method is called decentralized integration, where each actuator is considered in a separate controller and a low-level controller is used to coordinate the operation of the controllers. In this paper, the second method is used to develop a decentralized ICC using a novel controller coordinator based on Genetic Programming (GP). The GP is used to integrate torque vectoring and active rear steering controllers of an 8x8 combat vehicle. The controller is utilized to enhance the lateral stability of the vehicle in various driving conditions. The GP-based method showed a drastic reduction in the processing time in comparison to a Neuro-Fuzzy based controller. In addition, the vehicle stability is evaluated in comparison with the uncontrolled vehicle by conducting slalom maneuvers on a dry and slippery road.