bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nature-inspired protein mineralization strategies for nanoparticle construction: advancing effective cancer therapy
Authors: Cao Yuan , Xu Rui , Liang Yixia , Tan Jiabao , Guo Xiaotang , Fang Junyue , Wang Shibo , Xu Lei
Published: June 2024

The biomimetic mineralization strategy based on natural proteins and metal ions provides an effective method for constructing nanoparticles. By regulating the proportion of ingredients, the precise control assembly of nanoparticles can be achieved.
Revealing the photoredox potential of azulene derivatives as panchromatic photoinitiators in various light-initiated polymerization processes
Authors: Starzak Katarzyna , Tomal Wiktoria , Chachaj-Brekiesz Anna , Galek Mariusz , Ortyl Joanna
Published: June 2024

Herein, the application of previously unknown azulene derivatives as effective panchromatic photosensitizers in the visible light range in the initiation of light-induced cationic and free-radical polymerization processes was investigated.
Design of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) coated MnO2 nanoparticles for thermally regulated catalytic decomposition of H2O2
Authors: Babu Anashwara , Maji Samarendra , Sivakumar Gomathi , Hoogenboom Richard
Published: June 2024

We report the synthesis of thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) coated manganese dioxide nanoparticles for the catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), with the goal of developing a temperature-controlled catalytic system.
Lewis acid-catalyzed phosphinoylation and halogenation of α,β-unsaturated ketones: access to γ-halo allylic phosphonates
Authors: Wei Xiao-Hong , Xue Ya-Wen , Bai Chun-Yuan , Liu Xuan , Wang Xiao-Hong , Wang Yan-Bin , Su Qiong
Published: June 2024

A Lewis acid-catalyzed phosphinoylation and halogenation of α,β-unsaturated ketones to synthesize γ-halo allylic phosphonates is described.
Precision single-atom editing: new frontiers in nitrogen insertion and substitution for the generation of N-heterocycles
Authors: Li Xue , Xu Jia , Xu Zhi-Gang
Published: June 2024

This paper primarily focuses on the editing of nitrogen atoms, encompassing the insertion of N, substitution of C with N, and utilization of 15N in place of 14N for the construction of N-heterocycles.
Impact of BSA and Au3+ concentration on the formation and fluorescence properties of Au nanoclusters
Authors: Li Tao , Li Zhuo , Chen Fengjiao , Zhu Liying , Tang Hua , Wang Dan , Tang Zhenrong
Published: June 2024

Bovine serum albumin-stabilized Au nanoclusters (BSA-Au NCs) have emerged as promising contenders for imaging agents and highly sensitive fluorescence sensors due to their biocompatibility and strong photoluminescence.
Au@Ag nanoparticles: an analytical tool to study the effect of tyrosine on dopamine levels
Authors: Minj Angel , Sahu Sushama , Singh Tanwar Lavkesh Kumar , Ghosh Kallol K.
Published: June 2024

Schematic representation of the study of the interaction of Au@Ag NPs with DA. The DA-interacted Au@Ag NPs were used as a sensing platform to study the effect of Tyr on DA through the intake of Tyr-rich food.
Niobic acid as a support for microheterogeneous nanocatalysis of sodium borohydride hydrolysis under mild conditions
Authors: Bousada Guilherme Mateus , Nogueira da Silva Victor , Fernandes de Souza Bárbara , de Oliveira Rodrigo Silva , Machado Junior Iterlandes , da Cunha Carlos Henrique Furtado , Astruc Didier , Teixeira Robson Ricardo , Lopes Moreira Renata Pereira
Published: June 2024

This study explores the stabilization by niobic acid, of Pt, Ni, Pd, and Au nanoparticles (NPs) for the efficient microheterogeneous catalysis of NaBH4 hydrolysis for hydrogen production.
Extraction of silica from sugarcane bagasse ash and its utilization in zeolite 4A synthesis for CO2 adsorption
Authors: Keawkumay Chalermpan , Krukkratoke Panot , Youngjan Saran , Osakoo Nattawut , Deekamwong Krittanun , Khemthong Pongtanawat , Phanthasri Jakkapop , Prayoonpokarach Sanchai , Wittayakun Jatuporn
Published: June 2024

This work explores silica (SiO2) extraction from sugarcane bagasse ash using NaOH solution. The obtained SiO2 with 98 wt% purity is further used to synthesize zeolite NaA for CO2 adsorption, showing comparable capacity to commercial NaA.
Molecular simulation of CO production and adsorption in a coal–kaolinite composite gangue slit model
Authors: Zhang Jing , Li Zhi , Li Xuping , Ren Xiaopeng , Zhou Chenhong , Li Tianyu
Published: June 2024

To reveal the mechanism of CO gas generation and adsorption in coal gangue slits, a new composite kaolinite–coal–kaolinite (KCK) model was constructed by combining the HQL coal and kaolinite model to characterize the crack structure of the gangue.
Exploring beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) for diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease dual therapy: in vitro and computational studies
Authors: Ojo Oluwafemi Adeleke , Gyebi Gideon Ampoma , Ezenabor Emmanuel Henry , Iyobhebhe Matthew , Emmanuel Damilola Abigael , Adelowo Oluwatumininu Adetoro , Olujinmi Faith Eniola , Ogunwale Temitope Emmanuel , Babatunde Dare Ezekiel , Ogunlakin Akingbolabo Daniel , Ojo Adebola Busola , Adeyemi Oluyomi Stephen
Published: June 2024

This study explored the flavonoid-rich extract of beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) dual therapy by using in vitro and molecular simulation studies.
Development and characterization of a biodegradable film based on guar gum-gelatin@sodium alginate for a sustainable environment
Authors: Shah Bukhary Syed Kashif Hussain , Choudhary Faheem Khalid , Iqbal Dure Najaf , Ali Zahid , Sadiqa Ayesha , Latif Shoomaila , Al-Ahmary Khairia Mohammed , Basheer Sehar , Ali Ijaz , Ahmed Mahmood
Published: June 2024

A significant amount of plastic trash has been dumped into the environment across the world, contributing to the present white pollution crisis.
A phosphatase-like nanomaterial promotes autophagy and reprograms macrophages for cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Baimanov Didar , Li Su , Gao Xuejiao J. , Cai Rui , Liu Ke , Li Junjie , Liu Yuchen , Cong Yalin , Wang Xiaoyu , Liu Fen , Li Qi , Zhang Guofang , Wei Hui , Wang Jian , Chen Chunying , Gao Xingfa , Li Yang , Wang Liming
Published: June 2024

Phosphatase-like nanozyme LNO specifically induces macrophage autophagy, improving antitumor immunity. Pre-coating LNO with myeloid cell membranes further enhances this effect, demonstrating significant therapeutic efficacy in vivo.
Luminescent carbene–copper(i)–amide polymers for efficient host-free solution-processed OLEDs
Authors: Tan Yao , Ying Ao , Xie Jianlong , Xie Guohua , Gong Shaolong
Published: June 2024

Nonconjugated Cu(i) polymers are developed by incorporating Cu(i)-based carbene–metal–amide complexes into a polystyrene backbone. These polymers deliver superb moisture stability and outstanding external quantum efficiencies for host-free OLEDs.
Nitrogen monoxide and calix[4]pyrrolato aluminate: structural constraint enabled NO dimerization
Authors: Kohl Senta J. , Sigmund Lukas M. , Schmitt Manuel , Greb Lutz
Published: June 2024

The dimerization of nitrogen monoxide (NO) is highly relevant in biochemical and environmental redox processes. Here, it is shown how structral constraint and element-ligand cooperativity can steer this reaction.
A novel LaCl3-based oxychloride solid-state electrolyte enables fast Li-ion transport and is compatible with lithium metal
Authors: Hao Xuxia , Chen Kai , Jiang Min , Tang Yanping , Liu Yuexin , Cai Kefeng
Published: June 2024

A novel LaCl3-based oxychloride with Zr4+ and O2− co-doping provides a smoother 1D channels for Li+ within the LaCl3 framework; an optimized sample is compatible with Li metal and its critical current density (CCD) is up to 7 mA cm−2.
Enhanced neutral seawater splitting on less-defective, two-dimensional LaTiO2N photoanodes prepared from layered perovskite BaLa4Ti4O15
Authors: Tran Thanh Tam Thi , Seo Jeongsuk
Published: June 2024

Less-defective, two-dimensional LaTiO2N crystals prepared from layered perovskite BaLa4Ti4O15 highly improved sunlight-driven seawater-splitting activity at neutral pH.
Controlling the steepness of gate-opening behavior on elastic layer-structured metal–organic framework-11 via solvent-mediated phase transformation
Authors: Hiraide Shotaro , Nishimoto Keisuke , Watanabe Satoshi
Published: June 2024

The phase of the precursor of ELM-11 affects the steepness of its gate-opening behavior, and this phase can be controlled by solvent-mediated phase transformation.
Metal–support interactions of 2D carbon-based heterogeneous catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Feng Weihang , Zhang Wei , Lin Quanying , Zhang Heshuang , Qiao Jingyuan , Xia Linhong , Moloto Nosipho , He Wei , Sun Zhengming
Published: June 2024

The synthesis, modulation and effect of MSI on 2D carbon-based heterogeneous catalysts for the HER.
Thermal properties and lattice anharmonicity of Li-ion conducting garnet solid electrolyte Li6.5La3Zr1.5Ta0.5O12
Authors: Wang Yitian , Li Shuchen , Wu Nan , Jia Qianru , Hoke Thomas , Shi Li , Li Yutao , Chen Xi
Published: June 2024

This work reports the thermal properties of garnet electrolyte LLZTO. The aged LLZTO exhibits an enhanced thermal conductivity, attributed to the formation of Li2CO3.
A recrystallized organic cathode with high electrical conductivity for fast sodium-ion storage
Authors: Shan Zixuan , Yang Shuangqin , Zhang Xinya , Chen Yuan
Published: June 2024

The recrystallization process of naphthalene molecules enhances intermolecular π–π interactions, leading to the formation of a uniform morphology and increasing electrical conductivity, which allows fast charge transfer kinetics in SIBs.
Interfacial modulation of Ru catalysts using B, N co-doped porous carbon-confined MoC quantum dots for enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction performance
Authors: Xie Shumin , Niu Mang , Li Xingyun , Lei Yang , Zhang Huanfang , Xu Shuai , Wang Deyu , Osman Sameh M. , Peng Zhi , Yamauchi Yusuke
Published: June 2024

B, N-doped porous carbon confined MoC quantum dots were engineered as a facile carrier and electronic stimulator to confine Ru clusters for high-performance hydrogen evolution reaction.
Harnessing the power of thermoplastic elastomer-derived ordered mesoporous carbons through functionalization
Authors: Robertson Mark , Barbour Andrew , Griffin Anthony , Aguinaga Jeffrey , Patton Derek , Xiang Yizhi , Qiang Zhe
Published: June 2024

This work demonstrates a series of functionalization methods to enhance the utility of thermoplastic-elastomer derived ordered mesoporous carbons, including chemical activation, heteroatom doping, and the introduction of nanoparticles.
Review of carbon-support-free platinum and non-platinum catalysts for polymer electrolyte fuel cells: will they feature in future vehicles?
Authors: Chisaka Mitsuharu
Published: June 2024

Carbon-support-free platinum and non-platinum catalysts are reviewed to clarify the source of recent controversial results and to propose experimental conditions for their use in future fuel cell vehicles.
Low loading of Pt in radiation-synthesized Pt-MoSx/KB nanocomposites for enhancing the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Wang Yicheng , Li Shuangxiao , Que Xueyan , Zhang Zeyu , Xu Ling , Wang Yue , Peng Jing , Li Jiuqiang , Hu Shuanglin , Ao Yinyong , Zhai Maolin
Published: June 2024

The gamma-ray radiation-synthesized Ketjen Black supported MoSx decorated with platinum at low loading (Pt-MoSx/KB) enhanced acidic electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction.
Waterborne polyurethane: an easily available material for moist-electric generator with unique stretchability and water resistance
Authors: Zhang Yuying , Kong Linghui , Zhai Yuzhu , Pan Lehao , Cao Wanying , Tian Mingwei , Qu Lijun , Jiang Yijun
Published: June 2024

WPU-based moist-electric generator for unique stretchable, water-resistant, and multi-scene applications.
Ligand-regulated Ni-based coordination compounds to promote self-reconstruction for improved oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Ajmal Muhammad , Guo Xiaolei , Memon Mazhar Ahmed , Asim Muhammad , Shi Chengxiang , Gao Ruijie , Pan Lun , Zhang Xiangwen , Huang Zhen-Feng , Zou Ji-Jun
Published: June 2024

Fine-tuning the local coordination and electronic structures of Ni-based pre-catalysts via ligand regulation promotes self-reconstruction and improves OER activity.
Correction: Infrared spectroscopy for understanding the structure of Nafion and its associated properties
Authors: Agarwal Tanya , Prasad Ajay K. , Advani Suresh G. , Babu Siddharth Komini , Borup Rodney L.
Published: June 2024

Correction for ‘Infrared spectroscopy for understanding the structure of Nafion and its associated properties’ by Tanya Agarwal et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3TA05653H.
Sensing cholesterol-induced rigidity in model membranes with time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy and microscopy
Authors: Biswas Bidisha , Shah Dhari , Cox-Vázquez Sarah J. , Vázquez Ricardo Javier
Published: June 2024

Shifting from liquid disorder to liquid order phase in liposomes restricts the microenvironment of DI-8-ANEPPS, resulting in lengthening its fluorescence lifetime.
Unveiling the influence of the boron clathrate lattice on superconductivity in a ternary Mg–La–B system
Authors: Zhang Yiming , Xu Meiling , Hao Jian , Li Yinwei
Published: June 2024

The boron clathrate lattice facilitates the superconductivity within the Mg–La–B system.
Modulating interface performance between 2D semiconductor MoSi2N4 and its native high-k dielectric Si3N4
Authors: Chen Jiahao , Zuo Yang , Ong Chin Yuan , He Jingyu , Yang Yulin , Wong Lai Mun , Zhang Xiaoman , Yang Ming
Published: June 2024

Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal silicon nitrides (MSi2N4: M denotes Mo or W) are promising channel materials for nanoelectronics owing to their attractive structural and electronic properties.
Characterization of the Beauveria bassiana ga fungal strain isolated from the muscardine infected silkworms (Bombyx mori L.)
Authors: Nguyen Giang Van , Nguyen Quynh Anh , Hien Pham Hong , Pylnev V.V.
Published: June 2024

In this study, the focus was on isolating and characterizing the fungal strain Beauveria bassiana from muscardine-infected silkworms (Bombyx mori L.). The fungal strain isolated from the muscardine-infected silkworm, designated as GA, closely resembled Beauveria bassiana isolate SBI-Bb04 based on morphological analysis and comparison of the 18S rRNA nucleotide sequence with sequences in the NCBI database. Beauveria bassiana GA demonstrates the ability to grow on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) medium. Optimal conditions for its growth were determined to be a pH range of 6-7 and a temperature range of 20-25°C. The composition of SDA, containing glucose and peptone sources, was found to be ideal for both growth and sporulation of this fungal strain. Furthermore, Beauveria bassiana GA exhibits the capacity to synthesize various extracellular enzymes, including chitinase, protease, cellulase, and amylase. These enzymatic activities contribute to its pathogenicity and suggest its potential as a biocontrol agent against insect pests.
Analysis of Caspian Sea fluctuation data
Authors: Dzerjinsky R.I. , Anosov T.E.
Published: June 2024

An efficient algorithm for separating motion into fluctuating and trending components is developed. The system of almost-periods corresponding to the analyzed data is revealed using the shift function introduced by M. Johnson. Structural features of long cycles are determined, which allow building short-term, medium-term and long-term forecasts for analyzing the Caspian Sea level. It is shown that the level of the Caspian Sea in the period from the early 1950s to the early 1980s was near the minimum, and from that time began its growth. Presumably, by the early 2050s the Caspian Sea level will be able to approach the levels of the beginning of the last century and update its local maximum.
Automation of activated sludge quality monitoring in wastewater treatment using computer vision technology
Authors: Verteletsky Evgeny , Yulmetova Ralia , Volkov Bogdan , Rumyantsev Dmitry
Published: June 2024

This paper explores a method for automating the monitoring process of activated sludge quality control at biological wastewater treatment plants using computer vision technology. The implementation of such a system will reduce the need for manual intervention on the part of microbiological laboratory technicians and provide continuous monitoring of the cleaning process. This method is based on in-depth analysis of activated sludge images obtained using an automated microscope, and subsequent processing of the data using a machine learning model to determine the number and types of microorganisms. The results obtained make it possible to assess the quality of activated sludge based on its microbiological composition in order to, based on the assessment obtained, take the necessary actions to change and adjust the processes of biological wastewater treatment.
Estimation of the above-ground phytomass dynamics in small-leaved linden plantations using multi-time Landsat images (forest case study from the Republic of Bashkortostan)
Authors: Martynova Maria , Gabdelkhakov Aydar , Odintsov Georgy , Rakhmatullin Zagir , Khismatullin Aisuak
Published: June 2024

The study analyses the above-ground phytomass of smallleaved Linden plantations (Tilia cordata) using GIS and remote sensing data. As these data are crucial for forecasting the dynamics of stand development in the future, they are also essential for evaluating the aboveground phytomass of tree plantations. As such, the analysis of these data is currently of great interest to the academic community. Research was carried out on plantations in which small-leaved Linden trees dominated. In order to evaluate the above-ground phytomass, the authors analysed the method of establishing test areas, as well as processed Landsat-5 and Landsat-8 images from different time periods. The authors used images of 1991 and 2020 to calculate the vegetation index values (NDVI). The research outcomes revealed a close correlation with the above-ground phytomass data obtained by the onsite surveying method (the coefficient of determination was equal to 0.68). In order to determine the above-ground phytomass of forest plantations based on the NDVI index, an exponential equation was calculated using the fundamentals of statistical processing. Thematic maps of above-ground phytomass obtained for 1991 and 2020 made it possible to analyse changes in the condition of tree and shrub vegetation over a nearly 30-year period. They also helped the authors identify areas in which the above-ground phytomass had significantly declined.
Analysis of patterns of light interception by the crowns ofCotoneaster lucidusSchlecht bushes in various ontogenetic states in the Kalinovsky Forest Park of Yekaterinburg
Authors: Tishkina Elena , Montile Andrey
Published: June 2024

In the forest park area of YekaterinburgCotoneaster lucidusSchlecht. found as a naturalized introduced species in various forms of plantings. With increasing anthropogenic pressure on suburban forests, it is important to study the biological characteristics of invasive species and their intraspecific differentiation to preserve the gene pool, therefore, studying the patterns of manifestation of the size, ontogenetic and structural parameters of cotoneaster in coenopopulations makes it possible to identify the peculiarities of the dynamics of their development and give a complete picture of the processes of adaptation of this species to the conditions growth. The article studied the lighting parameters in different parts of the crowns ofC. Lucidusbushes of various ontogenetic states, and analyzed their ability to intercept light. The parameters of lighting and its interception largely depend on the structural features and size of the crowns of bushes, their age and ontogenetic state. With age (transition to later ontogenetic states), the parameter of illumination received above the crown increases, the interception of illumination by entire crowns of bushes increases from 33.2% for j to 68.4% in the late generative state (at the same time, the interception of illumination by the lower parts of the crowns is relatively stable, varying from 10.7% to 16.7%), the correlation between the parameters of illumination and its interception in different parts of the crown becomes less pronounced. The latter is associated with the development of an increasingly complex and dense structure in the volume of the crowns ofC. lucidusbushes.
Agglomerative approach to the analysis of wind regime over Lake Baikal during the existence of the autumnal thermal bar
Authors: Bart Andrey , Strebkova Ekaterina , Tsydenov Bair
Published: June 2024

An approach based on agglomerative hierarchical clustering of wind direction data is proposed to analyze the wind regime over the middle Baikal region. Wind direction data were obtained from an objective National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) analysis. The constructed maps agree well with the measurement data collected at the meteorological stations in the Irkutsk and Zabaykalsky departments of Hydrometeorological and Environmental Monitoring.
Analysis of the invasive activity of Cotoneaster lucidus Schlecht. in the Kalinovsky forest park in Yekaterinburg
Authors: Tishkina Elena , Belyaeva Yulia , Yastremskaya Anastasia , Tretyakova Yulia
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of Cotoneaster lucidus Schlecht. in the forest park area of Yekaterinburg (Russia) based on population (age and vitality structure) and organismal parameters (morphometric indicators). The purpose of the study is to analyze the invasive activity of Cotoneaster lucidus Schlecht. in the Kalinovsky Forest Park in Yekaterinburg. Plants in the habitat are presented in the form of geoxyl bush. In the Age structure, two periods have been identified - pregenerative and generative, and six ontogenetic states. All habitats are at the stage of colonization, exclusively in forb pine forests with a canopy density of 0.6-0.7. The main route of penetration of the brilliant cotoneaster into the Kalinovsky Forest Park is artificial plantings along the paths, near equipped recreation areas. Its spread was facilitated by the presence of edible, long-lasting fruits on the shoots, which provided food for many species of birds. The established features indicate the high potential of the species and successful naturalization.
Optimum parameters determination of the gripping and cutting device vibration suspension
Authors: Lastochkin Denis , Medyakov Andrey , Kostromin Denis , Semenov Konstantin
Published: June 2024

The article presents the optimum parameters determination results of the gripping and cutting device vibration suspension in the process of holding the tree in a vertical position. Two kinematic schemes of the vibration suspension were considered, and their equilibrium equations for static calculation were compiled. To determine the optimum parameters of the vibration suspension the geometric parameters of its structural elements were selected at which the torque on the drive shaft was minimum. The changes in the lengths of the rotation arm and suspension arm, the arm fixing distance to the boom were justified as variable parameters. As a result of varying the set parameters graphs of the drive shaft moment change depending on the tree weight were obtained. As a result of the study, it was determined that with an increase in the arm fixing distance to the boom, the torque on the drive increases, and with an increase in the parameters of the rotation arm and the suspension arm, on the contrary, decreases. Therefore it is recommended to increase the arm fixing distance to 201 mm, and the rotation and suspension arms, on the contrary, reduce to 200 and 86 mm, respectively. The results obtained made it possible to determine more optimum parameters of the gripping and cutting device vibration suspension, which can be used in further theoretical and practical research of the gripping and cutting device design with vertically held tree.
Developing the innovative method of processing and sowing cotton seeds
Authors: Orazgylyjov Batyr , Orazgylyjova Tawus , Nurgeldiyew Nurgeldi , Agamurat Akyev , Akmurat Saparov , Kurbanov Babageldi
Published: June 2024

One of the most important tasks of cotton cultivation is to develop advanced technology of precise cotton seeding. Laboratory and field methods, precise sowing methods, P. Fisher's method of dispersion, and B.A. Dospehov's method were used. In our country today, cotton sowing uses a "white seed" that has not been completely naked. As a result of the research, when using fluffy white seeds, sowing can only be done in rows, up to 120 kg of seeds are needed per hectare, after sowing, thinning is required, and because the seeds fluff is not removed seeds germinate over a long period of time, for this reason it requires excessive amount of seeds and manual labor which lead to higher costs. Therefore, improving the technology of cotton cultivation is one of the most important issues. Based on this, we have carried out research on the development of innovative technology for precise sowing of cotton seeds in Turkmenistan using innovative technology. According to the study, the best results in terms of germination, weight and overall yield of cotton in one of the investigated seeds were chemically removed, 25 kg of seeds per hectare were planted in a precise manner, and such seeds were exposed on shortwave electromagnetic rays. Seeds obtained using such methods are significantly different from the performance of fluffy seeds. According to the results of laboratory research and field experiments, agrotechnical rules have been improved to achieve the appropriate density of cotton. Implementing the results of the work will help to increase the average yield per hectare by 25-30% per hectare in the country's cotton industry, reduce the consumption of cotton seeds by 4-5 times, reduce the work of thinning by 70-80%, reduce the amount of manual labor, and ensure efficient use of land and water.
Intelligent monitoring and management in the agro-industrial complex
Authors: Levin Semen
Published: June 2024

In the face of escalating demands for sustainable agriculture, this study introduces an innovative approach by deploying an intelligent monitoring and management system that utilises Internet of Things (IoT) sensors and machine learning algorithms. Focused on enhancing the precision of irrigation and fertilisation in farming, the system collects realtime data on soil moisture, temperature, and other vital parameters. A predictive random forest model, trained on historical crop data and current environmental conditions, analyses this data to accurately forecast water and fertiliser requirements. The model demonstrated an 87.4% accuracy for predicting irrigation needs and 85.7% for fertilisation, significantly optimising resource use and reducing environmental impact. The findings reveal that such technologies promise to revolutionise agricultural practices by making them more efficient and sustainable. They also highlight the challenges in their adoption, including the need for initial investment and overcoming the digital divide. This research underscores the potential of IoT and machine learning in achieving precision agriculture, marking a crucial step towards sustainable farming solutions that cater to the growing global food demands while preserving environmental resources.
Assessment of the humus state of hortically suitable soils Northwest Caucasus
Authors: Osipov Alexander , Slyusarev Valery , Shvets Tatiana , Gritsenko Anton
Published: June 2024

The laying of intensive industrial gardens in Russia is carried out according to special projects, which are based on complex works that begin the selection and assessment of the soil suitability of land plots. The levels of total humus and its labile forms have been established for the main horticultural soils of the Krasnodar Territory on the basis of long-term studies. The use of these criteria makes it possible to assess the degree of cultivation or degradation processes of the soil cover of each specific garden plot. Studies have shown that, in all surveyed soils of the region, the profile distribution of humus is gradually decreasing. The most informative soil layer for assessing fertility can be considered the upper 30 cm layer. The greatest quantitative and qualitative changes of organic matter occur in this layer. Different gardening zones of the region differ in the content of total humus in the main types of soils, a decrease is observed from ordinary chernozems (northern zone) to alluvial meadow soils (river valleys of the foothill zone). The humus content in the natural cenoses of Kuban chernozems reached 5.5 %, and in heavily plowed soil up to 3.5 %, a similar situation was observed in floodplain soils, these values corresponded to 4.0 % and 2.0 %. All other types of soils occupied an intermediate position in terms of humus content.
Evaluation of breadmaking potential of the yeasts Wickerhamomyces anomalus (CBS S605T) and Torulaspora delbrueckii (YIT3)
Authors: Sergeeva Alina , Novichenko Alexander , Ivanova Vera , Gur’ev Sergey , Korovyansky Vyacheslav
Published: June 2024

In a study, Wickerhamomyces anomalus (CBS S605T) and Torulaspora delbrueckii (YIT3) yeasts were analyzed in comparison with a breadmaking strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ("Luxe", SAF-Neva LLC). The study has shown that respective yeast species all have moderate or high levels of acid and osmotic tolerance and are able to ferment fructose, glucose, maltose and sucrose. According to the results of gas chromatrographic analysis, the yeast Wickerhamomyces anomalus (CBS S605T) accumulates significant amounts of ethyl acetate (11.8 times more than the control strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae), while Torulaspora delbrueckii (YIT3) produces 3.2 times more aliphatic alcohols than the control strain. Rheofermentometric study in wheat dough demonstrates 29,6% lower carbon dioxide production by Wickerhamomyces anomalus (CBS S605T), and 64.5% lower production by Torulaspora delbrueckii (YIT3) as compared to control strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Based on the data obtained, conclusions were drawn on the possibility of effective use of Wickerhamomyces anomalus (CBS S605T) and Torulaspora delbrueckii (YIT3) in sourdough breadmaking.
Winter hardiness and its phenotypic stability of breeding lines of winter soft wheat in the forest-steppe conditions of the Middle Volga region
Authors: Zakharova N.N. , Zakharov N.G.
Published: June 2024

The work is devoted to the study of winter hardiness and its phenotypic stability of breeding lines of winter soft wheat under varying environmental conditions. The factors influencing the winter hardiness of the crop in the research area are considered. A fairly high level of winter hardiness of the studied genotypes of winter soft wheat was established - 3.8-4.7 points. High ecological buffering in terms of phenotypic stability of winter hardiness was revealed for breeding lines of winter soft wheat number 7, 13, 23, 32 - SF = 1.19-1.28. Of interest for breeding practice is the breeding line of winter soft wheat number 13, which combines a high level of winter hardiness - 4.6 points and the highest value of phenotypic stability of this indicator - SF = 1.19.
Floating photovoltaics: modelled and experimental operating temperatures and the impact of wind speed and direction
Authors: Nysted Vilde Stueland , Lindholm Dag , Selj Josefine , Kjeldstad Torunn
Published: June 2024

Floating photovoltaics (FPV) is rapidly emerging as a promising alternative to ground-mounted PV (GPV) where available land area is scarce or expensive. Improved cooling has often been reported as a benefit of FPV, as cell temperature is an important parameter for the performance of a PV system. However, more recent literature shows that the cooling effect depends strongly on FPV technology and that it is not always superior to that of open rack GPV systems. There is still a need for more information on how to estimate cell temperatures for FPV systems, and how to consider the influence of various environmental factors such as wind speed and direction. Operating cell temperature may be estimated with the PVsyst model, where heat loss coefficients (U-values) denote the heat transfer capabilities of the PV system. In this work, cell temperatures and U-values for a small footprint FPV system with east-west orientation and a 15° tilt located in Sri Lanka are studied using both module temperature measurements and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling. CFD modelling allows for investigating the influence of both wind speed and direction on cell temperatures, as well as to look at the distribution of cell temperatures within the system under different wind conditions. Calculations based on measurements give Uc = 22.6 W/m2K and Uv = 4.9 Ws/m3K and correlate well with CFD calculations. We also show that wind direction, system configuration and sensor placement influence the estimated U-values, complicating the use of tabulated values for any given technology.
Contribution to the formability improvement in sheet metal stamping by a novel technique to control press kinetics
Authors: Paunoiu Viorel , Teodor Virgil , Baroiu Nicusor , Morosanu Georgiana-Alexandra , Epureanu Alexandru , Gavrus Adinel
Published: June 2024

The thickness variation during sheet deep drawing process has an impact on the quality of the final product and can lead to local material fractures. To minimize this phenomenon caused by varying degrees of stretching in different areas of the sheet, various methods can be employed. This research paper introduces a novel technique for metal sheet deep drawing, specifically designed for parts with complex geometric shapes that exhibit significant variations in deformation levels across different areas. The objective of this method is to enhance the quality of the deep drawing process by reducing thickness variations in the final part. In this proposed approach, the vertical movement of the punch is accomplished through two vertical rotational movements. This increases the flexibility of the deformation process, ensuring that the active tools elements occupy the most advantageous positions determined by the material flow in the die. As a result, the material's deformability is improved, allowing for a higher degree of deformation. Additionally, this new method offers a relatively simple design and kinematics solutions for the press and eliminates the need for lengthy assembly-disassembly times.
Numerical simulation of collision-coalescence and removal of inclusion in split swirling flow tundish
Authors: Lu Jinlin , Luo Zhiguo , Zou Zongshu
Published: June 2024

The swirling flow generated by the swirling chamber of the split swirling flow tundish can effectively promote the collision and growth of inclusions. The split swirling flow tundish can promote the removal of inclusions by improving the flow field. In this work, the CFD-PBM coupling model was applied to simulate the transport, aggregation, and floating removal of inclusions in the split swirling flow tundish, and compared with a same-size T-type tundish. The results indicated that the swirl flow can effectively promote the collision-coalescence of inclusions. Comparing the flow field of the split swirl tundish and the T-type tundish, the dead flow fraction of the two tundishes is similar, but the plug flow fraction of the split swirling flow tundish is 4.5% larger than the T-type tundish. Monitoring the volume concentration of inclusions at the outlet of the two tundishes, the inclusion removal rate of the T-shaped tundish and split swirling flow tundish are 29.28% and 34.33%, respectively. Therefore, the split swirling flow tundish is stronger than the T-shaped tundish in removing inclusion. Especially in the removal of small inclusions, the number density of 1.00–28.64 µm inclusions at the outlet of the split swirling flow tundish is 29.97%–65.91% lower than the T-type tundish, the split swirling flow tundish enhances the removal of small inclusions.
Vorspeise für Tierärzte 2.0
Authors: von Bremen Dörte
Published: June 2024

Liebe Leserin, lieber Leser,

für diese Ausgabe der ZGTM bin ich als Greenhorn verantwortlich, die allererste Seite
mit dem Editorial zu bestücken. Das klang bei der Diskussion im Editoren-Team
unspektakulär, und bei der beiläufigen Ansage „Eine halbe, vielleicht eine
dreiviertel Seite als Intro schreiben“, dachte ich „pfff, des is a gmahde Wiesn“ wie
man bei uns in Bayern sagt.
BARF – Macht roh Hund und Katze froh?
Authors: Seyfarth Rebecca
Published: June 2024

In unseren ganzheitlich orientierten Praxen begegnen uns überproportional häufig
Fragen rund um das Thema Ernährung von Hund und Katze. Insbesondere der Aspekt des
„Barfens“ wird oft kontrovers diskutiert. Als Unterstützung für den Diskurs möchten
wir das Thema aus den unterschiedlichen Blickwinkeln betrachten. Den Anfang einer
Artikelserie zum Thema macht der folgende Beitrag.
Pediatric Gastrointestinal Interventions
Authors: Chennapragada S. Murthy
Published: June 2024

Image-guided interventions are increasingly being used in the management of many pediatric disease processes since they provide safe and effective minimally invasive treatment options. This review article attempts to provide an overview of the commonly performed interventions in the gastrointestinal tract in children. These include esophageal balloon dilatation, establishment and maintenance of gastroenteral access, and hepatobiliary interventions (liver biopsy, percutaneous cholangiogram, and biliary drainage).
Impact of academic title structure of university research teams on research output: evidence from 30 Chinese universities
Authors: Zhang Mengmeng , Liu Liyuan , Zeng Dongmei , Li Xiaoying
Published: June 2024

Despite widespread agreement in the scholarly community about the significance of academic title structure on research output, research on the underlying mechanisms remains insufficient. Social contribution and research resources were selected as mediating variables, panel data of the materials science and engineering discipline of 30 Chinese universities from 2016 to 2020 were chosen as the research samples, and a fixed-effects model was subsequently applied to conduct a chain mediating effect test. The results showed: (1) Both the proportion of national-level talents and that of senior titles can promote research output, with the former having a much greater effect, while the proportion of associate senior titles has an indistinctive negative correlation with research output. (2) Both the proportion of national-level talents and that of senior titles can significantly enhance research output through the chain mediating effect of social contribution and research resources, with national-level talents having a stronger ability to make social contributions and obtain research resources. (3) Social contribution is more effective than research resources in enhancing research output. Based on the findings, it is recommended to improve policies for introducing high-end talents and to increase support for researchers with associate senior titles. Furthermore, it is advisable to establish a research evaluation system based on social influence, guiding researchers to obtain research resources and enhance research output through social contributions.
Inverse design of coherent supercontinuum generation using free-form nanophotonic waveguides
Authors: Lee Chia-Yi , Liu Yanwu , Cheng Yinke , Lao Chenghao , Yang Qi-Fan
Published: June 2024

Many key functionalities of optical frequency combs, such as self-referencing and broad spectral access, rely on coherent supercontinuum generation (SCG). While nanophotonic waveguides have emerged as a compact and power-efficient platform for SCG, their geometric degrees of freedom have not been fully utilized due to the underlying complex nonlinear and noise-dependent stochastic physics. Here, we introduce inverse design to unlock free-form waveguides for coherent SCG. The efficacy of our design is numerically and experimentally demonstrated on Si3N4 waveguides, producing flat and coherent spectra from visible to mid-infrared wavelengths. Our work has direct applications in developing chip-based broadband light sources for spectroscopy, metrology, and sensing across multiple spectral regimes.
Phase-resolved measurement of entangled states via common-path interferometry
Authors: Voitiv Andrew A. , Lusk Mark T. , Siemens Mark E.
Published: June 2024

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a method to directly measure the phase of biphoton states using an entangled mode as a collinear reference. The technique is demonstrated with entangled photonic spatial modes in the Laguerre–Gaussian basis, and it is applicable to any pure quantum system containing an exploitable reference state in its entanglement spectrum. As one particularly useful application, we use the new methodology to directly measure the geometric phase accumulation of entangled photons.
Additive 3D printed optical waveguide for augmented reality
Authors: Sun Dechuan , Tanyi Gregory , Lee Alan , French Chris , Liang Younger , Lim Christina , Unnithan Ranjith R.
Published: June 2024

The mass production of augmented reality (AR) waveguides has been challenging due to the intricate nature of the fabrication technique and the high precision required for their optical characteristics. In this paper, we have presented a novel and low-cost approach for fabricating geometric optical waveguides designed for AR applications utilizing 3D printing techniques. To strike a balance between optical performance and fabrication feasibility, we have optimized the conventional geometric waveguide design to facilitate easier fabrication. It is worth noting that our proposed method does not require molding, dicing, or post-surface polishing after printing. A prototype based on this method has been successfully fabricated, showing the immersion between the virtual image and the real-world scene. The proposed method has great potential for adaptation to mass production in various AR applications.
Enhancing photon recycling of perovskite nanosheet by two-photon excitation
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Xie Jiaxin , Sun Yu , Zhang He , Xia Chuansheng , Wang Min , Wang Tianjie , Chang Jianhua , Cui Qiannan
Published: June 2024

Nanometer scale light penetration depths of halide perovskite (HP) set an intrinsic limit on the performance improvement of optoelectronic devices. Here, we show that two-photon excitation can overcome this limit by markedly increasing the light penetration depth and significantly enhance photon recycling. Through a comparison study between one-photon and two-photon excitations by femtosecond laser pulses in a CsPbBr3 nanosheet, our results demonstrate that two-photon excitation can increase photocarrier transport distance by about 900 nm, which is even comparable to the photocarrier diffusion length. Our work provides substantial insights into the photon recycling of HP induced by nonlinear optical excitations, which can benefit the performance optimization of advanced optoelectronic devices.
Exploring tumor organoids for cancer treatment
Authors: Jin Hairong , Yang Qian , Yang Jing , Wang Fangyan , Feng Jiayin , Lei Lanjie , Dai Minghai
Published: June 2024

As a life-threatening chronic disease, cancer is characterized by tumor heterogeneity. This heterogeneity is associated with factors that lead to treatment failure and poor prognosis, including drug resistance, relapse, and metastasis. Therefore, precision medicine urgently needs personalized tumor models that accurately reflect the tumor heterogeneity. Currently, tumor organoid technologies are used to generate in vitro 3D tissues, which have been shown to precisely recapitulate structure, tumor microenvironment, expression profiles, functions, molecular signatures, and genomic alterations in primary tumors. Tumor organoid models are important for identifying potential therapeutic targets, characterizing the effects of anticancer drugs, and exploring novel diagnostic and therapeutic options. In this review, we describe how tumor organoids can be cultured and summarize how researchers can use them as an excellent tool for exploring cancer therapies. In addition, we discuss tumor organoids that have been applied in cancer therapy research and highlight the potential of tumor organoids to guide preclinical research.
Temporal trends in medical device implant procedures in Australia 2008–22: evidence from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare National Hospital Morbidity database
Authors: Ali Mohammad Afshar , Kelly Thu-Lan , Gillam Marianne
Published: June 2024

Objective Examine the temporal trends in medical device implant procedures in the Australian population. Methods We used data from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare from the financial years 2007–08 to 2021–22 and chose the most frequently performed medical device implant procedures. We estimated the annual change in volume of procedures and age-standardised rates by calculating the compound annual growth rate (CAGR), and used regression with the Newey–West robust variance estimator to examine whether there was a linear trend in the age-standardised rates for each procedure. Results For procedures including cardiac pacemakers, heart valves, hip and knee arthroplasties, and intraocular lenses, the crude CAGR was over 3%. For the age-standardised rates, the CAGR was largest for cardiac pacemaker, followed by heart valve replacement and hip arthroplasty procedures. For some procedures, the growth was more than in the Australian population, including cardiac pacemakers (β = 1.00; 95% CI: 0.14–1.86), heart valve replacements (β = 0.41; 95% CI: 0.28–0.54), hip arthroplasty (β = 3.50; 95% CI: 1.61–5.38), and knee arthroplasty (β = 4.31; 95% CI: 0.54–8.09) procedures. The trend of standardised rates of procedures, including incisional hernia with mesh, breast implants, coronary stents, and cardiac defibrillators, grew at the same rate as the population, whereas the rate for gastric banding procedures decreased (β = −3.14; 95% CI: −4.92 to −1.34). Conclusion The findings from the current study, showing a large increase in medical device implant procedures, will assist in future healthcare planning and efforts in post-market surveillance of safety of medical devices.