bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Racializing Crimmigration
Authors: Armenta Amada
Published: May 2016

Deporting “criminal aliens” has become the highest priority in American immigration enforcement. Today, most deportations are achieved through the “crimmigration” system, a term that describes the convergence of the criminal justice and immigration enforcement systems. Emerging research argues that U.S. immigration enforcement is a “racial project” that subordinates and racializes Latino residents in the United States. This article examines the role of local law enforcement agencies in the racialization process by focusing on the techniques and logics that drive law enforcement practices across two agencies, I argue that local law enforcement agents racialize Latinos by punishing illegality through their daily, and sometimes mundane, practices. Investigatory traffic stops put Latinos at disproportionate risk of arrest and citation, and processing at the local jail subjects unauthorized immigrants to deportation. Although a variety of local actors sustain the deportation system, most do not see themselves as active participants in immigrant removal and they explain their behavior through a colorblind ideology. This colorblind ideology obscures and naturalizes how organizational practices and laws converge to systematically criminalize and punish Latinos in the United States.
Macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor marks and regulates a fetal myeloid-primed B-cell progenitor in mice
Authors: Zriwil Alya , Böiers Charlotta , Wittmann Lilian , Green Joanna C. A. , Woll Petter S. , Jacobsen Sten Eirik W. , Sitnicka Ewa
Published: May 2016

Key Points

CSF1R is expressed on the earliest fetal B-cell progenitors, and CSF1R deficiency impairs fetal B-cell development. CSF1R+ fetal ProB cells have a B-myeloid gene signature and possess B and myeloid potential.
vIL-10-overexpressing human MSCs modulate naïve and activated T lymphocytes following induction of collagenase-induced osteoarthritis
Authors: Farrell Eric , Fahy Niamh , Ryan Aideen E , Flatharta Cathal O , O’Flynn Lisa , Ritter Thomas , Murphy J Mary
Published: May 2016

Background

Recent efforts in osteoarthritis (OA) research have highlighted synovial inflammation and involvement of immune cells in disease onset and progression. We sought to establish the in-vivo immune response in collagenase-induced OA and investigate the ability of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) overexpressing viral interleukin 10 (vIL-10) to modulate immune populations and delay/prevent disease progression.

Methods

Eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were injected with 1 U type VII collagenase over two consecutive days. At day 7, 20,000 hMSCs overexpressing vIL-10 were injected into the affected knee. Control groups comprised of vehicle, 20,000 untransduced or adNull-transduced MSCs or virus alone. Six weeks later knees were harvested for histological analysis and popliteal and inguinal lymph nodes for flow cytometric analysis.

Results

At this time there was no significant difference in knee OA scores between any of the groups. A trend toward more damage in animals treated with hMSCs was observed. Interestingly there was a significant reduction in the amount of activated CD4 and CD8 T cells in the vIL-10-expressing hMSC group.

Conclusions

vIL-10-overexpressing hMSCs can induce long-term reduction in activated T cells in draining lymph nodes of mice with collagenase-induced OA. This could lead to reduced OA severity or disease progression over the long term.
Evidence for an audience effect in mice: male social partners alter the male vocal response to female cues
Authors: Seagraves Kelly M. , Arthur Ben J. , Egnor S. E. Roian
Published: May 2016

Mice (Mus musculus) form large and dynamic social groups and emit ultrasonic vocalizations in a variety of social contexts. Surprisingly, these vocalizations have been studied almost exclusively in the context of cues from only one social partner, despite the observation that in many social species the presence of additional listeners changes the structure of communication signals. Here, we show that male vocal behavior elicited by female odor is affected by the presence of a male audience – with changes in vocalization count, acoustic structure and syllable complexity. We further show that single sensory cues are not sufficient to elicit this audience effect, indicating that multiple cues may be necessary for an audience to be apparent. Together, these experiments reveal that some features of mouse vocal behavior are only expressed in more complex social situations, and introduce a powerful new assay for measuring detection of the presence of social partners in mice.
Dendritic Effect on the Photoisomerization of 4,4′-Distyrylbiphenyl in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Sakurai Hiroya , Arai Tatsuo
Published: May 2016

Newly synthesized 4,4′-distyrylbiphenyl-cored water-soluble dendrimers underwent trans-to-cis photoisomerization, while the core 4,4′-distyrylbiphenyl underwent cis-to-trans one-way photoisomerization.
Characterization of CRISPR RNA transcription by exploiting stranded metatranscriptomic data
Authors: Ye Yuzhen , Zhang Quan
Published: May 2016

CRISPR–Cas systems are bacterial adaptive immune systems, each typically composed of a locus of cas genes and a CRISPR array of spacers flanked by repeats. Processed transcripts of CRISPR arrays (crRNAs) play important roles in the interference process mediated by these systems, guiding targeted immunity. Here we developed computational approaches that allow us to characterize the expression of many CRISPRs in their natural environments, using community RNA-seq (metatranscriptomic) data. By exploiting public human gut metatranscriptomic data sets, we studied the expression of 56 repeat-sequence types of CRISPRs, revealing that most CRISPRs are transcribed in one direction (producing crRNAs). In rarer cases, including a type II system associated with Bacteroides fragilis, CRISPRs are transcribed in both directions. Type III CRISPR–Cas systems were found in the microbiomes, but metatranscriptomic reads were barely found for their CRISPRs. We observed individual-level variation of the crRNA transcription, and an even greater transcription of a CRISPR from the antisense strand than the crRNA strand in one sample. The orientations of CRISPR expression implicated by metatranscriptomic data are largely in agreement with prior predictions for CRISPRs, with exceptions. Our study shows the promise of exploiting community RNA-seq data for investigating the transcription of CRISPR–Cas systems.
Upper extremity nerve block: how can benefit, duration, and safety be improved? An update
Authors: Brattwall Metha , Jildenstål Pether , Warrén Stomberg Margareta , Jakobsson Jan G.
Published: May 2016

Upper extremity blocks are useful as both sole anaesthesia and/or a supplement to general anaesthesia and they further provide effective postoperative analgesia, reducing the need for opioid analgesics. There is without doubt a renewed interest among anaesthesiologists in the interscalene, supraclavicular, infraclavicular, and axillary plexus blocks with the increasing use of ultrasound guidance. The ultrasound-guided technique visualising the needle tip and solution injected reduces the risk of side effects, accidental intravascular injection, and possibly also trauma to surrounding tissues. The ultrasound technique has also reduced the volume needed in order to gain effective block. Still, single-shot plexus block, although it produces effective anaesthesia, has a limited duration of postoperative analgesia and a number of adjuncts have been tested in order to prolong analgesia duration. The addition of steroids, midazolam, clonidine, dexmedetomidine, and buprenorphine has been studied, all being off-label when administered by perineural injection, and the potential neurotoxicity needs further study. The use of perineural catheters is an effective option to improve and prolong the postoperative analgesic effect.

Upper extremity plexus blocks have an obvious place as a sole anaesthetic technique or as a powerful complement to general anaesthesia, reducing the need for analgesics and hypnotics intraoperatively, and provide effective early postoperative pain relief. Continuous perineural infusion is an effective option to prolong the effects and improve postoperative quality.
Technology and SEND education
Authors: Waller Terry
Published: May 2016

For SEND pupils, the effective use of technology has the power to make education more inclusive. Terry Waller offers his thoughts on how technology can best be used in this regard
Improving homework
Authors: Jays Jennifer
Published: May 2016

Homework is only worthwhile if it has an impact. Jennifer Jays, discusses her work to turnaround her school's homework strategy
Auditing character provision
Authors: Bawden Matt
Published: May 2016

How can you audit your school's character education provision? SecEd's resident character education expert Matt Bawden offers some practical insights on auditing and measuring our implicit and explicit practice
Project-learning process-part 2
Authors: Bromley Matt
Published: May 2016

Project-based learning can be effective, but how do you actually introduce it into your classroom? In the second part of his best practice article, Matt Bromley offers practical advice on incorporating this approach
A patient care report of a dog that had hemilaminectomy surgery to decompress the spinal cord
Authors: Wilkes Kelly
Published: May 2016

This article describes the nursing care involved in caring for a spinal patient from the time of admission, pre, peri and post operatively. It highlights the importance of nursing care and treating each patient as an individual. Nursing interventions discussed include monitoring under anaesthesia, post-operative monitoring, bladder management and rehabilitation. An understanding of the importance of postoperative monitoring and rehabilitation is required to promote the patient's recovery in addition to being confident in different bladder management techniques.
Effective wound care — the use of Pioneer's dressings to optimise healing
Authors: O'Dwyer Louise
Published: May 2016

There are a wide number of wound dressing products available on the veterinary market, with each dressing having a specific function in wound healing. In order to use these dressings appropriately, a sound understanding in the processes of wound healing is essential, and therefore which dressing is most suited to the different phase, in order to optimise wound healing. Wound debridement is also a key aspect of wound management, and again, knowledge of the different techniques, and materials, which can be utilised is essential, in order to select the most appropriate approach.
A RELAÇÃO ACCOUNTABILITY - CORRUPÇÃO: UMA REFLEXÃO CONCEITUAL DOS ACHADOS TEÓRICOS
Authors: De Alencar Rodrigues Tonny Kerley , De Oliveira Daniel Max , Da Conceição Gomes Raniele Cimara
Published: May 2016

Casos de corrupção tem se tornado um retrato do cotidiano da atuação dos agentes públicos brasileiros. Diante disso, diversas técnicas têm sido empregadas no intuito de erradicar ou mesmo minimizar os efeitos da corrupção, dentre elas destaca-se a accountability. Assim, este artigo tem por objetivo descrever como os mecanismos de accountability têm sido analisados por estudiosos de administração pública diante do problema eminente que representa a corrupção na sociedade brasileira e especificamente na classe política utilizando como foco de análise os principais construtos teóricos que tratam das temáticas, accountability e corrupção. Para isso reportou-se a uma abordagem qualitativa de natureza descritiva e para a interpretação dos dados foi utilizada a técnica de análise tipológica. Os resultados apontam uma notória descrença dos teóricos para com os mecanismos de accountability, pois sempre os concebem atribuindo-lhes características como fragilidade e ineficácia.
A PROPRIEDADE DE QUOTAS SOCIETÁRIAS: ALGUNS DE SEUS DESDOBRAMENTOS JURÍDICOS NAS RELAÇÕES PRIVADAS
Authors: Ronconi Diego Richard , Ben-Hur Braga Natan
Published: May 2016

O objeto do presente trabalho é realizar um breve estudo acerca da propriedade das quotas societárias. O objetivo geral é identificar o conceito de quota societária, bem como estabelecer reflexões e desdobramentos da condição de ser proprietário de quotas societárias em algumas disciplinas jurídicas no âmbito do direito civil (obrigações, contratos, família e sucessões) e empresarial (direito societário). Os objetivos específicos da pesquisa, confirmados com o estudo, identificaram alguns direitos de ordem pessoal e patrimonial do titular das quotas. Dentre os direitos de ordem patrimonial, identificou-se a distribuição de lucros societários, os quais poderão ser desproporcionais à participação do sócio na sociedade. Também se concluiu acerca da importância de se distinguir a personalidade jurídica do sócio e da sociedade, pois se tratam de pessoas distintas, de forma que o sócio não pode se atribuir “dono” da sociedade, pois dela somente é participante. Utilizou-se da técnica da pesquisa bibliográfica e jurisprudencial para instrumentalizar o presente artigo científico, bem como da base lógica indutiva para relatar os resultados do trabalho.
A ADEQUAÇÃO DA CONCEPÇÃO DE INTITULAMENTOS PARA A APRECIAÇÃO DE DOTAÇÕES E SERVIÇOS AMBIENTAIS
Authors: Beltrame Becker Fritz Karen , Dip Toniolo Aline
Published: May 2016

A questão ambiental sempre caracterizou-se como um tema de destaque na literatura econômica, não se restringindo apenas ao direito ambiental, mas integrando o direito econômico, direito comunitário, direito internacional. Diante disso, o hábitat ambiental é o fundamento da vida, razão pela qual mostra imprescindível que os agentes sociais se conscientizem da importância de zelar este bem precioso, para que as futuras gerações possam usufruir de qualidade de vida, visto que se não for contido o esgotamento dos recursos naturais, não haverá equilíbrio vital no planeta. O meio ambiente deve ser tutelado como um direito fundamental do ser humano, visto que consiste em patrimônio da humanidade. Em virtude disso, a natureza não se caracteriza apenas como um recurso produtivo explorado pelos indivíduos detentores do capital e, sim como uma garantia fundamental do ser humano. Diante das diversas interferências humanas no meio ambiente, a teoria econômica passa a preocupar-se com a destruição dos ecossistemas ambientais, dando origem a uma série de alternativas de análise. Neste sentido, entre estas alternativas, destaca-se a abordagem das capacitações elaborada pelo economista indiano Amartya Sen. Em decorrência disso, o empenho analítico visa englobar na análise da realidade social as capacitações. Por conseguinte, uma das percepções gerais que abrangem o sentido analítico é a de intitulamento. Desta maneira, esta pesquisa possui como escopo principal analisar a adequação da concepção de intitulamentos para a apreciação de dotações e serviços ambientais.  
Introduction of Cloud Break Procedures for Czech Republic based on GNSS SBAS
Authors: Kraus Jakub
Published: May 2016

This article focuses on improvements in General Aviation in Czech Republic by introduction of Cloud Break Procedures.
Implementation and certification of LPV approach and options for VFR aerodromes
Authors: Kraus Jakub
Published: May 2016

This article focuses on general LPV approach certification for erodromes. It also indicates the problematic parts of the current certification rocess and shows the direction for possible certification of instrument approaches at uncontrolled aerodromes.
Doppler shift satellite navigation - NAVSAT-TRANSIT and adherents
Authors: Hospodka Jakub
Published: May 2016

Short article dissertates about Satellite navigation systems based on Doppler shift. Discussed are advantages and disadvantages of such systems especially in connection with aviation. In last part are mentioned nowadays satellite navigation systems based on Doppler shift effect.
Airport Emissions of Particulate Matter
Authors: Štěrba Jaroslav , Hospodka Jakub
Published: May 2016

This article presents an overview and results of research of Airport Emissions of Particulate Matter (AEoPM). The AEoPM thesis creates an environment for summarizing local airport particulate matter emissions, for evaluating their contribution to overall local air pollution and for comparing the relative contributions to overall particulate matter emissions from each individual source of emission. The study researches the situation at Hradec Králové regional airport and then applies this gathered data to the airport‘s surrounding area. Next it poses the question: Is it appropriate to restrict Hradec Králové Airport’s operations when emission limits are breached? The answer is then found and presented in this article. Last but not least, the study deals with other local industry sources of particulate matter emissions in the monitored area and also compares the typical flight activity to the road activity one commonly used in the area.
Implementation of Traffic Information Zone in Czech Republic
Authors: Kraus Jakub
Published: May 2016

This article focuses on the use of airspace, defined as traffic information zone for small aerodromes in the Czech Republic. This airspace should be around uncontrolled aerodromes introducing IFR operation to replace aerodrome traffic zone and to ensure the safe operation of aircraft flying by instruments.
Processes on Uncontrolled Aerodromes and Safety Indicators - Part I
Authors: Plos Vladimír , Capoušek Ladislav
Published: May 2016

This article describes the processes that take place at the beginning of each duty of dispatcher at uncontrolled aerodromes.Thanks to modeling and analysis of these processes, there is a possible to find critical ones and implement precise targeted safety measures. 
The use of Wireless Sensor Network for increasing airport security
Authors: Kraus Jakub , Fajčík Petr , Vittek Peter , Duša Tomáš
Published: May 2016

<span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;" lang="EN-GB">This article focuses on the use of wireless sensor networks for airport security, respectively using sensor networks as a replacement or add-on to existing security measures. The article describes the sensor network and its possible application to various airport objects and financial analysis of the perimeter security with wireless sensor network. 
Processes on Uncontrolled Aerodromes and Safety Indicators - Part II
Authors: Plos Vladimír , Kraus Jakub , Jeřábek Karel , Vittek Peter
Published: May 2016

This article follows on the Part I, where the basic processes on uncontrolled aerodromes were introduced. The uncontrolled aerodromes face with the growing traffic and from that result the higher workload on AFIS officer. This means a higher potential for dangerous situations.

The article describes some models of sub-processes and creates several safety indicators related to the operation at uncontrolled aerodromes. Thanks to monitoring and evaluation of safety indicators can be adopted targeted safety measures and thus increase safety on small uncontrolled aerodromes.
Analysis of Instrument Approaches to GA Aerodromes in the World
Authors: Kraus Jakub , Němec Vladimír
Published: May 2016

<span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;" lang="EN-GB">This article deals with the exploration of GA aerodromes around the world that meet the defined input conditions of maximal 1,500 m long runway and the existence of straight-in instrument approach. These aerodromes are analysed from different perspectives of runway equipment with respect to the various types of published approach.
Demand for Air Travel
Authors: Endrizalová Eva , Němec Vladimír
Published: May 2016

This article describes the demand elasticity of air transport and algorithm of demand modelling that is used as part of reservation system. The next section explains Quantitative Share Index that quantifies the market share for each carrier in the monitored market and Herfindahl Hirschman Index that quantifies the concentration of service providers in this market. The last chapter describes the choices of air travel itinerary.
Analysis of the process model of airport: creating the high level process map
Authors: Buldakova Natalia , Dociová Denisa , Vittek Peter
Published: May 2016

This article describe the analysis of the process models of airport, which are described in Ground Operation Manual. The main goal is creating high level process map. 
State Safety Programme and State Safety Plan - Part two – States’ approaches to the issue
Authors: Vittek Peter , Stojić Slobodan , Lališ Andrej , Plos Vladimír
Published: May 2016

The aim of this article is to bring a closer look on the various state approaches to the State Safety Programme (SSP) and plan implementation and realization. Therefore, article describes and compares French, the United Kingdom, Finland, Belgium and Ireland approaches. Besides that, it also focuses on the differences between the old and newly issued French safety plan. The article brings an overview of the specific risks, defined in the individual state safety plans, and their classification into particular categories
Effective Radiative Forcing – a New Approach to Assessing the Impact of Aviation on the Atmosphere
Authors: Hanus Daniel , Hajzler Ota , Buldakova Natalia
Published: May 2016

This article discusses new possibilities of assessing the impact of aviation on the atmosphere. The second part of this text describes a project realized at the Department of Air Transport at the Czech Technical University in Prague. The project is focused on investigating the effect of air transport on contrails.
MEDA and its use in data collecting and evaluating
Authors: Plos Vladimír
Published: May 2016

Article discusses the use of the Maintenance error decision aid (MEDA) methodology in the investigation of events and subsequent data collection and assessment which is needed for the collection and evaluation of safety indicators. The first part describes the methodology of MEDA, the second outlines the use of factors for the purposes of collecting safety indicators and evaluation of the safety performance of the organization in terms of implementation of risk factors contributing to the realization of unwanted events.
The Sensibility of the State: Lookout Mountain Laboratory’s Operation Ivy and the Image of the Cold War “Super”
Authors: O’Gorman Ned , Hamilton Kevin
Published: May 2016

In 1953 a Hollywood-based U.S. Air Force film studio, Lookout Mountain Laboratory, produced a documentary film about America’s first detonation of a thermonuclear device, the 1952 “MIKE” device. The film, called Operation Ivy, was initially shown only to the highest-level government officials, but a later, edited version was eventually released for public distribution. We argue that the story of Operation Ivy illuminates not only the ways in which the rhetoric of the “Super” was managed but also the way in which the Cold War state was both subject to and productive of political and aesthetic sensibilities.
The Rhetoric of Credit, the Rhetoric of Debt: Economic Arguments in Early America and Beyond
Authors: Herring William Rodney
Published: May 2016

In 1790, the new United States faced a tremendous debt. Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton proposed policies for funding the debt and establishing the nation’s credit. James Madison agreed about the priority of establishing credit, but he opposed Hamilton’s proposals in the House of Representatives. The arguments each man advanced constituted two distinct rhetorics about debt, two ways of conceiving and responding to the new nation’s obligation. This essay analyzes these arguments as well as one strategy common to both men’s work: the use of an analogy insisting that states should behave as individuals do. These arguments were crucial in constructing conditions of stability in the country’s fledgling credit economy. The essay concludes by considering the legacy both of the analogy and of Hamilton’s rhetoric of credit and Madison’s rhetoric of debt in current debates over the United States’ public debt.
The application of ceramic membranes for treating effluent water from closed-circuit fish farming
Authors: Bonisławska Małgorzata , Nędzarek Arkadiusz , Drost Arkadiusz , Rybczyk Agnieszka , Tórz Agnieszka
Published: May 2016

The aim of the study was to analyze and assess the possibility of using a two-stage filtration system with ceramic membranes: a 3-tube module with 1.0 kDa cut-off (1st stage) and a one-tube module with 0.45 kDa cut-off (2nd stage) for treating effluent water from a juvenile African catfish aquaculture. The study revealed that during the 1st filtration stage of the effluent water, the highest degrees of retention were obtained with respect to: suspended solids SS (rejection coefficient RI=100%), turbidity (RI=99.40%), total iron (RI=89.20%), BOD5 (RI=76.0%), nitrite nitrogen (RI=62.30%), and CODCr (RI=41.74%). The 2nd filtration stage resulted in a lower reduction degree of the tested indicators in comparison to the 1st filtration stage. At the 2nd stage, the highest values of the rejection coefficient were noted in for the total iron content (RIV=100%), CODCr (RIV=59.52%; RV=64.28%, RVI=63.49%) and turbidity (RIV and RV = 45.0%, RVI=50.0%). The obtained results indicate that ceramic membranes (with 1.0 and 0.45 kDa cut-offs) may be used in recirculation aquaculture systems as one of the stages of effluent water treatment.
The methods of evaluating storage volume for single-chamber reservoir in urban catchments
Authors: Szeląg Bartosz , Mrowiec Maciej
Published: May 2016

The article presents a method of designing single-chamber rectangular detention reservoirs based on nomographs connecting the parameters and the shape of the inflow with the reservoir hydrograph (triangular, described by the power function and described by the gamma distribution) as well as the hydraulic characteristics of the accumulation chamber and the orifice. The preparation of nomographs involved using the SWMM (Storm Water Management Model) program with the application of numerical calculations’ results of a differential equation for the stormwater volume balance. The performed analyses confirm a high level of similarity between the results of calculating the reservoir volume obtained by using the above mentioned program and using the developed nomographs. The examples of calculations presented in the paper confirm the application aspects of the discussed method of designing the detention reservoir. Moreover, based on the conducted analyses it was concluded that the inflow hydrograph described by the gamma distribution has the greatest impact on the reservoir’s storage volume, whereas the hydrograph whose shape in the rise and recession phases is described by the power function has the smallest effect.
Effect of 3-Months Home-Based Exercise Program on Changes of Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults Living in Old People’s Home
Authors: Nemček Dagmar , Simon Alexander
Published: May 2016

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of regular participation in home-based exercise programme on cognitive functioning changes in institutionalised older adults. Two groups of participants were recruited for the study: experimental (n = 17) in mean age 76 ± 5.6 years, who participated in home-based exercise program and control (n = 14) in mean age 80 ± 4.2 years. The standardised Stroop Color-Word Test-Victoria version (VST) was used to measure the level of cognitive functions. Group differences were analyzed with Mann-Whitney U-test for independent samples and for differences between pre-measurements and post-measurements on experimental and control group we used non-parametric Wilcoxon Signed - Rank Test. The level of significance was α < 0.05. Application of 3-months home-based exercise program significantly improved the cognitive functions only in one (Word condition; p<0.01) from three VST conditions in institutionalised older adults. That’s why we recommend longer participation in home-based exercise program, at least 6- months, with combination of various types of cognitive interventions, like concepts of cognitive training, cognitive rehabilitation, and cognitive stimulation to improve cognitive functioning in older adults living in old peoples’ homes.
The Differences in Comparison of Real Body Mass Index and Perceived Body-Size among Adolescent Girls from Selected Secondary School
Authors: Chovancová Alžbeta , Peráčková Janka
Published: May 2016

The aim of the research was to determine the differences between real body mass index and perceived body-size among adolescent girls from selected secondary schools. We chose the classes from the 4-year secondary school in Bratislava. Girls involved in research were aged between 15 and 18 years. They have been measured in height and weight during the physical education lessons. We calculated the body mass index (BMI). While having them measured, they subsequently received a questionnaire with silhouettes of female figures. They identified one of the body-size about which they felt that most resembling their own body. We found the differences between real BMI and perceived body-size. From the results of our research, we can say that from all of girls (92) only 22 were seen the illustrated female body approximately at the same range as their real BMI. Test of good match - chi square not confirmed 1 % neither 5 % level of statistics significance.
The Possibilities of Using Anisotropic Models of Rock Mass to Describe Deformations of The Mining Area Surface
Authors: Wesołowski Marek
Published: May 2016

This paper presents the analysis of numerical modeling results of the influence of mining exploitation influence on the deformations of the area surface, with the use of an anisotropic elasto-plastic ubiquitous joint model and the transversely isotropic elastic model. The comparison of computer modeling results and geodetic measurements shows that with the use of transversely isotropic elastic model and ubiquitous joint model there is a possibility of the simultaneous description of both perpendicular and horizontal displacements of the area surface, caused by mining exploitation.
Investigation of Geotechnical Parameters Effect on Open Pit Mining Operation Cost (Case Study: Angouran Mine)
Authors: Taherkhani Hamidreza , Doostmohammadi Ramin
Published: May 2016

Properties of intact rock and discontinuities structures are the most important variables affecting mining operations. A comprehensive review of research concerning the direct effect of geotechnical parameters on changes of total exploitation cost in open-pit mines are not provided since now. In this paper, the influence of geotechnical properties of rock mass on total cost of mining operations in Angouran (the largest lead and zinc mine in Middle East located at south western province of Zanjan, Iran) is examined. At first, the classified components of slope mass rating (SMR) and then all exploitation costs (total costs of drilling operation, blasting, bulldozers work, loading and hauling) in mining blocks are surveyed. Then, an equation for determining the correlation between geotechnical properties and total cost using multivariate linear regression is proposed. Eventually, conducting sensitivity analysis revealed that the variation of joints dip is the most effective parameter in change of mining operation cost.
Creative Clusters in Visegrad Countries: Factors Conditioning Cluster Establishment and Development
Authors: Bialic-Davendra Magdalena , Bednář Pavel , Danko Lukáš , Matošková Jana
Published: May 2016

Since the accession of the Visegrad Group of countries (V4) to the European Union, the importance of clusters has increased. With growing global competitiveness and EU 12 trends, a gradual awareness of creative industries is observed in V4 countries. Therefore, this article analyses creative clusters and factors conditioning their establishment and development. On the basis of a literature review and a questionnaire survey, a mapping of creative clusters was conducted. In addition, catalysts, main motives and key factors in the process of their establishment were identified, as were the activities and factors hampering their development. The scheme of cluster development is presented as the outcome of the qualitative analysis, along with a comparison to findings of other studies. Research findings show that trust building and administrative obstacles are among the main barriers, especially for design clusters and cultural clusters.
Geographical mobility among retired US migrants living in the Northwestern region of Mexico bordering California, US
Authors: Lardiés-Bosque Raúl
Published: May 2016

Mexico has become a regular destination for retirees coming from the USA. To date certain aspects of this group of migrants have been analysed, but little is known about those who have changed their place of residence to the Mexico- US border. In this article, the geographical mobility among retired US migrants living in the coastal area of northern Baja California, Mexico, is analysed. Firstly, reasons for retirees moving from the USA to this area are considered, and secondly, the contacts and relationships maintained with the country of origin, measured by the mobility which takes place between both countries; attention will be given to the reasons for these frequent trips, their periodicity, the means of transport used and the impacts. The main source of analysis will be 29 in-depth interviews conducted in 2009 with pensioners living in coastal municipalities of this northern area of Mexico.
Paraenetic Character of Modern Islamic Prose
Authors: Kubarek Magdalena
Published: May 2016

Paraenetic literature encompasses didactic literature which promotes adequate and morally correct manner of action. One of the features of paraenesis is its normativism proposing models of ideal heroes, characteristic for a given social background. Paraenetic literature has its roots in Ancient Greece. In the subsequent centuries Christianity, drawing on the ancient canon of an ideal man, proposed moral values and ideal heroes hitherto unknown. At the same time, what Christianity did in the Middle Ages, Renaissance and Baroque, was to develop new genres that aimed at conveying paraenetic content. The concept of the aesthetic role of literature as opposed to its utilitarian character was created as late as in Romanticism.

In the Arab world the utilitarian and aesthetic functions have stood hand in hand since the very beginning. In the 1980s a movement described as “Islamic literature” emerged. This genre has a didactic function and aims at forming attitudes and moral behavior patterns that go in line with the rules of Islam. This paper analyses models of heroes who are inspired by Prophet Muhammad and face modern dangers and challenges, resulting from the Western pressure.
The Discreet Horror of the Holocaust in Ida Fink’s Stories
Authors: Waligóra Janusz
Published: May 2016

The topic of the article is writings by Ida Fink. It analyses stories of the author of Wiosna 1941 (The Spring 1941) which refer to the Holocaust. The analysis also draws attention to the poetics of “discreet horror” in which Ida Fink’s stories are embedded. In her records the author does not underline the cruelty, but shows the terror of the situation by subtle narrative and compositional manoeuvres. The picture of death is de-emphasised by the psychology of characters, and the main focus are complicated human relationships in which the author with a great delicacy presents various emotional states of people who, despite being sentenced to death, still try to survive the war.

Ida Fink’s stories are different from the majority of Holocaust literature which exposes the severity and brutality of mass death. These stories stand out as an exceptional phenomenon among works by such authors as Tadeusz Borowski, Zofia Nałkowska, Leon Buczkowski, Henryk Grynberg or Bogdan Wojdowski.
Free vs. locally free Kleinian groups
Authors: Pankka Pekka , Souto Juan
Published: May 2016

We prove that Kleinian groups whose limit sets are Cantor sets of Hausdorff dimension

<

<

1 are free. On the other hand we construct for any ε

>

>

0
an example of a non-free purely hyperbolic Kleinian group whose limit set is a Cantor set of Hausdorff dimension

<

<

1

+

+

ε.
Reindustrialization: A Challenge to the Economy in the First Quarter of the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Krawczyński Michał , Czyżewski Piotr , Bocian Karol
Published: May 2016

The weakening EU and US economies in the aftermath of the global crisis of 2007 need an impulse to act for the improvement of their condition. The analysis of the history of the GDP of selected world economies suggests that a remedy for it may be the strengthening of the industrial sector. By strengthening, we mean its growth, that is, building and developing manufacturing plants. Large multinationals have generally been relocating their production to China, where labor costs have traditionally been a couple of times lower than in the US or the EU. However, over the past years, the pay gap between the US and China has narrowed, and transport prices have gone up. These are the reasons why numerous large American companies decided to transfer part of their business processes back to the homeland. Also, the EU has been taking account of the benefits of a stable industry. Therefore, it has launched the strategy of “European industry rebirth” that entails a growth of the industry’s share in the GDP up to the level of 20%. In order for EU countries to be able to attain it, the paper raises the issue of the Industrie 4.0 methodology, premises and guidelines may, to a large extent, contribute to success. The paper also takes an in-depth look at Industrie 4.0 and discusses its pros and cons. We attempt to provide an answer to the question of whether Industrie 4.0 may be a tool for reindustrialization.
Complications of Sepsis in Infant. A Case Report
Authors: Meliţ Lorena Elena , Mărginean Cristina Oana , Georgescu Anca , Duicu Carmen
Published: May 2016

Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response (SIRS) characterized by two or more of the following: fever > 38.5 °C or <36 °C, tachycardia, medium respiratory frequency over two SD for age, increased number of leukocytes.

The following is a case of an eight months old, female infant, admitted in to the clinic for fever (39.7 C), with an onset five days before the admission, following trauma to the inferior lip and gum. Other than the trauma to the lip and gum, a clinical exam did not reveal any other pathological results. The laboratory tests showed leukocytosis, positive acute phase reactants (ESR 105 mm/h, PCR 85 mg/dl), with positive blood culture for Staphylococcus aureus MSSA. at 24 hours. Three days from admission, despite the administration of antibiotics (Vancomycin+Meronem), there was no remission of fever, and the infant developed a fluctuant collection above the knee joint. This was drained, and was of a serous macroscopic nature. A decision was made to perform a CT, which confirmed the diagnosis of septic arthritis. At two days after the intervention, the fever reappeared, therefore the antibiotic regime were altered (Oxacillin instead of Vancomycin), resulting in resolution of the fever. Sepsis in infant is a complex pathology, with non-specific symptoms and unpredictable evolution.
On fusion rules and solvability of a fusion category
Authors: Escañuela González Melisa , Natale Sonia
Published: May 2016

We address the question whether or not the condition on a fusion category being solvable is determined by its fusion rules. We prove that the answer is affirmative for some families of non-solvable examples arising from representations of semisimple Hopf algebras associated to exact factorizations of the symmetric and alternating groups. In the context of spherical fusion categories, we also consider the invariant provided by the S-matrix of the Drinfeld center and show that this invariant does determine the solvability of a fusion category provided it is group-theoretical.
A note on Factoring groups into dense subsets
Authors: Protasov Igor , Slobodianiuk Serhii
Published: May 2016

Let G be a group of cardinality

κ
>

ℵ
0

${\kappa>\aleph_{0}}$

endowed with a topology

𝒯

${\mathcal{T}}$

such that

|
U
|

=
κ

${|U|=\kappa}$

for every non-empty

U
∈
𝒯

${U\in\mathcal{T}}$

and

𝒯

${\mathcal{T}}$

has a base of cardinality κ. We prove that G can be factorized

G
=

A
⁢
B

${G=AB}$

(i.e. each

g
∈
G

${g\in G}$

has
a unique representation

g
=

a
⁢
b

${g=ab}$

,

a
∈
A

${a\in A}$

,

b
∈
B

${b\in B}$

) into dense subsets A, B,

|
A
|

=

|
B
|

=
κ

${|A|=|B|=\kappa}$

. We do not know if this statement holds for

κ
=

ℵ
0

${\kappa=\aleph_{0}}$

even if G is a topological group.
Another look at normal approximations in cryptanalysis
Authors: Samajder Subhabrata , Sarkar Palash
Published: May 2016

Statistical analysis of attacks on symmetric ciphers often requires assuming the normal behaviour of a test statistic. Typically such an assumption is made in an asymptotic sense. In this work, we consider concrete versions of some important normal approximations that have been made in the literature. To do this, we use the Berry–Esséen theorem to derive explicit bounds on the approximation errors. A basic mathematical requirement is that such approximation errors should be within reasonable bounds, a point which appears to have been overlooked in many of the earlier works on statistical aspects of cryptanalysis. Interpreting the error bounds in the cryptanalytic context yields several surprising results. One important implication is that this puts in doubt the applicability of the order statistics based approach for analysing key recovery attacks on block ciphers. This approach has been earlier used to obtain several results on the data complexities of (multiple) linear and differential cryptanalysis. The non-applicability of the order statistics based approach puts a question mark on the data complexities obtained using this approach. Fortunately, we are able to recover all of these results by utilising the hypothesis testing framework. This, however, necessitates using normal approximations for the
Exact solutions of the Biswas-Milovic equation, the ZK(m,n,k) equation and the K(m,n) equation using the generalized Kudryashov method
Authors: Zayed EL Sayed M.E. , Al-Nowehy Abdul-Ghani
Published: May 2016

In this article, we apply the generalized Kudryashov method for finding exact solutions of three nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs), namely: the Biswas-Milovic equation with dual-power law nonlinearity; the Zakharov--Kuznetsov equation (ZK(m,n,k)); and the K(m,n) equation with the generalized evolution term. As a result, many analytical exact solutions are obtained including symmetrical Fibonacci function solutions, and hyperbolic function solutions. Physical explanations for certain solutions of the three nonlinear PDEs are obtained.
Warm-up Practices in Elite Boxing Athletes: Impact on Power Output
Authors: Cunniffe Brian , Ellison Mark , Loosemore Mike , Cardinale Marco
Published: May 2016

Cunniffe, B, Ellison, M, Loosemore, M, and Cardinale, M. Warm-up practices in elite boxing athletes: Iimpact on power output. J Strength Cond Res 31(1): 95–105, 2017—This study evaluated the performance impact of routine warm-up strategies in elite Olympic amateur boxing athletes and physiological implications of the time gap (GAP) between warm-up and boxing activity. Six male boxers were assessed while performing standardized prefight warm-up routines. Core and skin temperature measurements (Tcore and Tskin), heart rate, and upper- and lower-body power output (PO) were assessed before and after warm-up, during a 25-minutes GAP and after 3 × 2 minutes rounds of sparring. Reflected temperature (Tc) was also determined using high-resolution thermal images at fixed time-points to explore avenues for heat loss. Despite individual differences in warm-up duration (range 7.4–18.5 minutes), increases in Tcore and Tskin occurred (p ≤ 0.05). Corresponding increases (4.8%; p ≤ 0.05) in countermovement jump (CMJ) height and upward-rightward shifts in upper-body force-velocity and power-velocity curves were observed. Athletes remained inactive during the 25-minutes GAP with a gradual and significant increase in Tc occurring by the end of GAP suggesting the likelihood of heat loss. Decreases in CMJ height and upper-body PO were observed after 15 minutes and 25 minutes GAP (p ≤ 0.05). By the end of GAP period, all performance variables had returned to pre–warm-up values. Results suggest routine warm-ups undertaken by elite boxers have acute effects on power-generating capacity. Gradual decreases in performance variables are evident with inactivity and seem related to alterations in body temperature. Considering the constraints of major competitions and time spent in air conditioned holding areas before fights, practitioners should be aware of the potential of nullifying the warm-up effects.
High Working Memory Load Increases Intracortical Inhibition in Primary Motor Cortex and Diminishes the Motor Affordance Effect
Authors: Freeman Scott M. , Itthipuripat Sirawaj , Aron Adam R.
Published: May 2016

Motor affordances occur when the visual properties of an object elicit behaviorally relevant motor representations. Typically, motor affordances only produce subtle effects on response time or on motor activity indexed by neuroimaging/neuroelectrophysiology, but sometimes they can trigger action itself. This is apparent in “utilization behavior,” where individuals with frontal cortex damage inappropriately grasp affording objects. This raises the possibility that, in healthy-functioning individuals, frontal cortex helps ensure that irrelevant affordance provocations remain below the threshold for actual movement. In Experiment 1, we tested this “frontal control” hypothesis by “loading” the frontal cortex with an effortful working memory (WM) task (which ostensibly consumes frontal resources) and examined whether this increased EEG measures of motor affordances to irrelevant affording objects. Under low WM load, there were typical motor affordance signatures: an event-related desynchronization in the mu frequency and an increased P300 amplitude for affording (vs nonaffording) objects over centroparietal electrodes. Contrary to our prediction, however, these affordance measures were diminished under high WM load. In Experiment 2, we tested competing mechanisms responsible for the diminished affordance in Experiment 1. We used paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation over primary motor cortex to measure long-interval cortical inhibition. We found greater long-interval cortical inhibition for high versus low load both before and after the affording object, suggesting that a tonic inhibition state in primary motor cortex could prevent the affordance from provoking the motor system. Overall, our results suggest that a high WM load “sets” the motor system into a suppressed state that mitigates motor affordances.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIs an irrelevant motor affordance more likely to be triggered when you are under low or high cognitive load? We examined this using physiological measures of the motor affordance while working memory load was varied. We observed a typical motor affordance signature when working memory load was low; however, it was abolished when load was high. Further, there was increased intracortical inhibition in primary motor cortex under high working memory load. This suggests that being in a state of high cognitive load “sets” the motor system to be imperturbable to distracting motor influences. This makes a novel link between working memory load and the balance of excitatory/inhibitory activity in the motor cortex and potentially has implications for disorders of impulsivity.