bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uma análise dos softwares CAD e BIM nos projetos pedagógicos dos cursos de Arquitetura em instituições públicas brasileiras
Authors: Simas Tarciso Binoti , Silva Joanne Leal Almeida , Carvalho Carlos Maviael de
Published: April 2021

Desde o final do século XX, o advento do Building Information Modelling (BIM) está ampliando novas possibilidades de processo de projeto com desenho paramétrico, fabricação digital, análises, compatibilização etc., sobretudo em comparação ao Computer-Aided Design (CAD). Isso tem gerado muitas expectativas de mudanças tanto na atuação profissional quanto no campo do ensino. Portanto, este artigo tem como objetivo entender a atual configuração de representação digital no ensino público de Arquitetura e Urbanismo no Brasil em relação ao uso das plataformas CAD e/ou BIM. Para tal, foram consultados os Projetos Pedagógicos de Cursos (PPC) disponíveis nos respectivos sites e analisadas suas disciplinas quanto ao uso de plataformas de CAD e/ou de BIM. É possível observar um significativo número de cursos cujas disciplinas não mencionam o sistema BIM nem seus softwares, assim como experiências híbridas e abordagens importantes nesse avanço tecnológico. Entende-se a necessidade de maior reflexão sobre o BIM e seus desdobramentos para subsidiar sua introdução ou atualização nos PPC de Arquitetura e Urbanismo.
Prevalence and Management of Major Diseases of Garlic is it Global Level: A Review
Authors: . Prahlad , . Anupriya , Godara S.L. , Kumhar D.R. , Chawla Nitin
Published: April 2021

The garlic (Allium sativum L.) is family amaryllidaceae, perennial plant are the most important commercial crop grown all over world and consumed in various forms. These crops are generally grown throughout the country especially China, India, Bangaldesh, Egypt, south Korea, Russian Federation, Ukraine, Spain, Uzbekistan and Myanmar in India is the major growing of the states of Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Orissa, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttaranchal, Jammu and Kashmir, Bihar andhra Pradesh and Karnataka. Garlic contains at least 33 sulfur compounds, several enzymes and the minerals germanium, calcium, copper, iron, potassium, magnesium, selenium and zinc; vitamins A, B1 and C, fiber and water and also contains amino acids lysine, histidine, arginine, aspartic acid threonine, glutamine, proline, glycine, alanine, cysteine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tryptophan and phenylalanine garlic extract is effective against bacteria, fungi, parasites, lower blood pressure, blood cholesterol and blood sugar, prevent blood clotting, protect the liver and contains antitumor properties in humans garlic extracts have exhibited activity against. The garlic crop is cultivated in several countries and susceptible to number of diseases at various stages of plant growth. From different parts of the world, downy mildew, rust, purple blotch; Stemphylium blight, basal rot, have been observed leading to substantial. Apart from reduction in crop yield, the disease also poses harmful effects during harvesting, post harvesting, processing and marketing stages, which lower the quality and export potential of the crops that significantly causes the economic loss of qualitative and quantative. The diseases alter the cropping pattern and also affect the local and export markets. The consistent use of chemicals to control the plant diseases not only poses a serious threat to the environment and mankind but also slowly build up resistance in the pathogens.
Flock Level Economic Loss Due to Peste Des Petits Ruminants Outbreak in Transhumance Sheep and Goat Population in Himachal Pradesh (India)
Authors: Vashist V.S. , Yadav A.K. , Rajak K.K. , Sekar S. Chandra , Ramakrishnan M.A. , Muthuchelvan D. , Bardhan D.
Published: April 2021

Background: Quantification of economic losses due animal diseases like peste-des-petits ruminants (PPR) helps in visualizing the impact of the disease in relational context as well as assist in prioritizing the disease control/eradication options. This study aimed to estimate the farm-level economic losses due to the disease in the state of Himachal Pradesh and carry out a cost-benefit analysis of control programme through vaccination. Methods: An investigation was carried out on an outbreak of PPR in transhumance small ruminant population in Himachal Pradesh (HP). The incidence rates of PPR as obtained in the study were projected to the small ruminant population in the state. Result: The overall morbidity and mortality rates were 36.85% and 27.69% and 25.32% and 1.44%, in goats and sheep, respectively. The estimated annual economic loss due to PPR in HP was INR 2495 million (under high incidence scenario). Under moderate and low incidence rate assumptions, the total losses were estimated at INR 1871 million and INR 1265 million, respectively. Benefit-cost analysis of vaccination against the disease in the state was carried out and the Benefit-Cost Ratios (BCR), ranging between 43:1 to 198:1 revealed the economic feasibility of investment made in PPR control.
Screening of Blackgram Genotypes for Drought Tolerance using PEG (Polyethylene Glycol) Induced Drought Stress at Seedling Stage
Authors: Shobanadevi C. , Elangaimannan R. , Vadivel K.
Published: April 2021

Background: Drought is one of the abiotic factor. It is considered to be a moderate loss of water. Water is main source involving for all activities of plant growth throughout the crop plants. Seed germination is considered as one of the first and foremost fundamental life stages of a plant, where the success in growth and yield is also depending on this stage. Methods: An experiment was conducted in order to study the effect of different concentrations (i.e., 0, 10, 20 and 30%) of polyethylene glycol (PEG) stress on germination and early growth stages of 28 genotypes of black gram. Different germination indices such as germination percent, radical length, plumule length, along with drought parameters like drought tolerance index was measured. Conclusion: Results showed significant differences among the cultivars at each drought stress level and significant decrease was observed in germination, length of radical and plumule and radical and plumule dry matter parameters, among all the genotypes genotypes Nirmal 7, NRIB 002, MDU 1, VBN 8 and NUL 7 VISWAS showed their efficiency in terms of germination and germination attributes to with stand to the drought conditions.
Evaluation of Mung Bean Germplasm [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] for Yield in Transitional Plain of Inland Drainage Zone of Rajasthan, India
Authors: Khatik Champa Lal , Chandra Kailash , Khan Mujahid , Prakash Ved , Jatav Hanuman Singh , Khan Mudasser Ahmed , Chand Subhash , Mishra Churamani Dev
Published: April 2021

Background: Pulses are leguminous crops which not only increase the soil fertility, its fitness and maintain soil health but also essential to meet the nutritional demand of burgeoning human population particularly in developing countries. Mungbean is a major pulse crop of Zone IIa (Transitional Plain of Inland Drainage Zone) of Rajasthan state. Farm profitability can also be enhanced by augmenting farm productivity. Selection of high yielding genotypes may play a vital role to achieve sustainable high agricultural yield at farmer’s field. Therefore, it is prerequisite to identify the suitable genotypes for this zone since the available varieties were not tested for its adaptability. The current study was aimed to evaluate twelve mung bean genotypes for seed yield with four checks in Zone IIa of Rajasthan. Methods: The mung bean crop was raised during Kharif 2018 and 2019 at Agricultural Research Station, Fatehpur- Shekhawati, Sikar (Rajasthan). Seed yield and its ancillary characters have been observed by following standard protocols. Present experiment was conducted in randomized block design with three replications. The material was sown in a four row plot of 4 m length with a spacing of 30 cm between rows and 10 cm between plants. Result: The performance of genotypes RMG 1098, RMG 1132, RMG 1134, RMG 1139 and RMG 1147 were superior to the zonal, state checks and other tested genotypes. The selected high yielding mung bean genotypes can increase farm output per se and farm profitability by sustaining soil health, fitness and productivity of this region.
KIDNEY HISTOPATHOLOGICAL ALTERATION OF WHITE RATS AFTER 21 DAYS CONSUMED TAPE YEAST
Authors: Darmayanti Mahda Dwi , Samsuri Samsuri , Setiasih Ni Luh Eka , Berata I Ketut
Published: April 2021

Ragi tape digunakan oleh masyarakat Indonesia sebagai alternatif kontrasepsi alami untuk hewan kesayangannya. Data mengenai keamanan pemberian ragi tape sebagai alternatif kontrasepsi alami untuk hewan masih sangat sedikit dipublikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ragi tape terhadap gambaran perubahan histopatologi ginjal tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus). Penelitian ini menggunakan 24 ekor tikus putih dibagi secara acak menjadi empat perlakuan; P1, P2, P3 dan kontrol P0. Perlakuan 1, 2, dan 3 diberikan pakan yang dicampur ragi tape dengan dosis bertingkat 100 mg/kgBB, 200 mg/kgBB, dan 300 mg/kgBB, sedangkan kontrol (P0) diberikan pakan dan minum. Perlakuan diberikan dua kali sehari selama 21 hari. Tikus putih dikorbankan nyawanya dengan cara dieutanasia dan dinekropsi pada hari ke-22 untuk pengambilan sampel organ ginjal. Jaringan ginjal diproses untuk pembuatan preparat histopatologi dengan pewarnaan Hematoksilin-Eosin (HE). Preparat diamati di bawah mikroskop cahaya dengan pembesaran 400 kali pada lima lapang pandang dan dilakukan skoring jika terdapat degenerasi melemak, kongesti, nekrosis, dan infiltrasi sel radang. Data perubahan histopatologi dianalisis dengan uji Kruskal Wallis dan Mann Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan degenerasi melemak, kongesti, nekrosis, dan infiltrasi sel radang pada semua ginjal tikus-tikus perlakuan yang diberikan ragi tape dan dan perubahan tersebut berbeda nyata dibandingkan kontrol. Perlakuan dengan perubahan histopatologi tertinggi adalah P3 dengan nilai rerata infiltrasi sel radang, degenerasi melemak, dan kongesti yang sama yaitu 2,00 ± 0,000 dan rerata nekrosis 2,50 ± 0,548. Simpulan yang didapatkan adalah pemberian tambahan ragi tape pada pakan tikus dapat merusak ginjal dan menyebabkan perubahan gambaran histopatologi ginjal tikus putih.
BLOOD PROFILES OF GREEN SEA TURTLE BEFORE AND AFTER THE REHABILITATION
Authors: Adnyana Ida Bagus Windia , Adnyana Ida Bagus Nararya Primastana , Siswanto Siswanto
Published: April 2021

Penyu adalah satwa yang terancam punah, sehingga upaya konservasinya perlu ditingkatkan. Kegiatan yang berhubungan dengan konservasi dimaksud adalah rehabilitasi penyu pascamengalami periode out of the water sebelum dilepasliarkan kembali ke alam bebas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan profil dan indeks eritrosit penyu hijau (Chelonia mydas) sebelum dan sesudah mengalami rehabilitasi di Turtle Conservation and Education Center (TCEC) di Pulau Serangan, Denpasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel Sembilan ekor penyu hijau hasil sitaan Polisi Sektor Kuta, Badung, Bali. Sebanyak 2,5 mL darah perifer penyu hijau diambil dari sinus cervicalis dorsalis disimpan di tabung berisikan antikoagulan litium heparin dan dilanjutkan dengan pemeriksaan hematologi. Penentuan nilai total eritrosit dihitung dengan hemositometer. Kadar hemoglobin (Hb) diukur menggunakan Hemoglobinometer Sahli, sedangkan kadar Packed Cell Volume (PCV) ditentukan dengan metode mikrohematokrit. Indeks eritrosit yang meliputi Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCH) dan Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) dihitung dengan rumus konvensional yang ditentukan untuk itu. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif menggunakan uji T berpasangan. Nilai profil darah (Packed Cell Volume, total eritrosit, Hemoglobin) mengalami peningkatan signifikan pasca rehabilitasi dengan nilai rerata hematokrit sebelum rehabilitasi sebesar 28,4±3,09 menjadi 31,7±2,87, nilai total eritrosit sebelum rehabilitasi sebesar 0,44±0,10 menjadi 0,56±0,15, nilai Hemoglobin sebelum rehabilitasi sebesar 6,3±1,28 menjadi 7,53±0,73 serta hasil perhitungan secara statistika dengan uji T-berpasangan menunjukkan profil darah penyu hijau sebelum dan sesudah rehabilitasi memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan yang berarti proses rehabilitas yang dilakukan di Turtle Conservation and Education Center, Serangan berhasil.
PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF ASCARIS SUUM INFECTIONIN PIGS IN THE LOWLANDAREA OF BALI PROVINCE
Authors: Wiweka Ade Hary , Dwinata I Made , Suratma I Nyoman Adi
Published: April 2021

Cacing Ascaris suum merupakan parasit saluran cerna pada babi yang dapat menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan berupa kekurusan, diare, penurunan produktivitas ternak dan kerugian ekonomi yang besar. Cacing A. suum bersifat zoonosis. Tujuan penenelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui prevalensi dan faktor risiko infeksi cacing A. suum pada babi di dataran rendah Provinsi Bali. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 200 sampel feses babi segar yang diambil dari wilayah dataran rendah basah dan rendah kering. Sampel feses diperiksa dengan metode konsentrasi pengapungan menggunakan larutan garam dapur (NaCl) jenuh sebagai larutan pengapung. Hasil penelitian menunjukan prevalensi infeksi cacing A. suum pada babi sebesar 18% yang berasal dari wilayah dataran rendah basah 30% (30/100) dan wilayah dataran rendah kering 6% (6/100). Hasil analisis statistika menunjukkan bahwa faktor risiko umur, kepadatan kandang dan wilayah berpengaruh nyata terhadap prevalensi infeksi cacing A. suum pada babi, sedangkan jenis kelamin, kebersihan kandang dan pengobatan tidak berpengaruh nyata.
THE USING OF JAVA CARDAMOM (AMOMUM COMPACTUM) SEEDS AS ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTIBIOTIC GROWTH PROMOTER ALTERNATIVE FOR PRODUCTION ANIMALS: A LITERATURE STUDY
Authors: Praditha Arvia Nisrina , Hartady Tyagita , Atik Nur
Published: April 2021

Antibiotic growth promoter (AGP) telah digunakan pada hewan produksi untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan efisiensi konversi pakan. Namun, beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas utama beberapa AGP dapat disebabkan oleh efek antiinflamasinya yang menyebabkan penurunan katabolisme otot dan pencegahan anoreksia. Hal tersebut membuat energi banyak disimpan untuk perkembangan otot dan pertumbuhan. Meskipun penggunaan AGP telah menjadi praktik umum pada hewan produksi, penggunaannya yang ekstensif telah berkontribusi pada munculnya resistensi antimikrob patogen zoonosis. Salah satu strategi yang menjanjikan adalah dengan mencari alternatif AGP yaitu dengan penggunaan obat herbal sebagai terapi integratif, komplementer dan preventif. Kapulaga jawa (Amomum compactum) banyak dimanfaatkan secara tradisional pada bidang medis dan telah diteliti mengenai efek antiinflamasi, efek protektif pada saluran cerna, serta pada peningkatan daya cerna pakan pada fermentasi rumen. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan penelusuran literatur melalui pencarian data pada basis data Pubmed, Science Direct, maupun Google Scholar untuk penelitian ini yang dipublikasikan dalam kurun waktu 10 tahun terakhir. Hasil studi literatur ini membahas peran antiinflamasi dari A. compactum yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai alternatif penggunaan AGP. Hal ini berkaitan dengan penurunan energi katabolik pada respons fase akut yang menyebabkan energi lebih banyak disimpan untuk tujuan perkembangan otot dan pertumbuhan. Pemahaman lebih jauh mengenai mekanisme A. compactum sebagai alternatif AGP tentunya sangat diperlukan sehingga akan dapat dihasilkan produk alternatif AGP yang efektif tanpa mendorong resistensi antimikrob.
Forced Degradation Studies to Assess the Stability of a Janus Kinase Inhibitor Using RPLC Method
Authors: Yilmaz Hulya
Published: April 2021

In optimization studies, it is important to study the retention behavior of the compounds containing the ionizable functional groups under the intended chromatographic conditions. In this study, the influence of pH and acetonitrile (ACN) composition in the mobile phase on chromatographic behavior of tofacitinib (TOF), a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, was thoroughly investigated. First, the chromatographic conditions were optimized using retention factors and pKa values. Then, the developed method was used for the stability studies under various stress conditions, and for the estimation of TOF concentration in tablets. Finally, the method was verified using the International Conference on Harmonization procedure (ICH-Q2) and was successfully used to separate the TOF degradation products. A linearity range, the limits of detection and quantification were confirmed as 2.0-12.0, 0.416, and 1.260 μg/mL, respectively. Between-day and within-day accuracy (RSD%) were found to be as 0.290 and 0.462 for 4 μg/mL, respectively. The result indicates that the developed method is rather effective to isolate the parent drug from the degradation elements.
Yeşil Çay ve Sağlık
Authors: KADIOĞLU Semiha , ERTAŞ ÖZTÜRK Yasemin
Published: April 2021

Camellia sinensis bitkisinden farklı üretim süreçleriyle altı farklı çay çeşidi üretilmektedir. Bunlardan biri olan yeşil çay, fermantasyon basamağına uğramadığından diğer çay çeşitlerine göre daha yüksek kateşin içeriğine sahiptir. İçeriğinde bulunan önemli biyoaktif bileşenlerden biri olan Epigallokateşin gallat’ın kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, kanser, nörodejeneratif hastalıklar, cilt problemleri üzerine koruyucu etkisinin olduğu ayrıca ağırlık yönetimi ve mikrobiyota üzerine potansiyel sağlık yararının olduğunu gösteren çalışmalar mevcuttur. Yeşil çayın sağlık yararını daha iyi anlayabilmek için biyoyararlanımını artıran ve azaltan bileşenlerin varlığı ile toksik etki bildiren durumların dikkatle incelenmesi gerekmektedir. Bu derleme yeşil çaya geniş bir perspektiften bakarak yeşil çayın çeşitli sağlık yararlarını ve izlediği metabolik yolları irdelemektedir.
Potentialité des données satellitaires Sentinel-2 pour la cartographie de l’impact des feux de végétation en Afrique tropicale : application au Togo
Authors: KONKO Yawo , AFELU Bareremna , KOKOU Kouami
Published: April 2021

Le réchauffement climatique est un phénomène d’envergure mondiale qui se répercute sur le système climatique. Une des conséquences du réchauffement climatique est l'extension de la période de sécheresse, favorisant ainsi l’augmentation des fréquences du phénomène des feux de végétation. Les feux incontrôlés perturbent l’écologie et la fonctionnalité des écosystèmes, entraînant parfois leur érosion. La présente étude est une contribution pour la gestion des feux de végétation au Togo et porte sur le suivi spatial pour la saison des feux 2018-2019. Elle explore la potentialité des nouvelles données satellitaires Sentinel-2 (S-2) en accès libre dans la gamme de la télédétection optique pour la détection des surfaces brûlées, la cartographie des feux utilitaires et des feux incontrôlés. Elle teste également la performance de la méthode de cartographie des feux de végétation à partir de l’indice NBR (Normalized Burn Ratio) initialement conçue pour les images Landsat et évalue la biomasse végétale brûlée. Les résultats révèlent que les images S-2 présentent du potentiel dans la restitution des surfaces brûlées. La performance de la méthode de l’indice NBR sur les images S-2 est satisfaisante. La cartographie des feux de végétation montre que les feux utilitaires représentent 21,75 % contre 78,25 % pour les feux incontrôlés. L’ensemble des feux de végétation enregistrés a occasionné l’incendie de 5 878 km2 du couvert végétal, soit 10,39 % du territoire national. Le couvert végétal brûlé est composé majoritairement de savanes (33,12 %), de cultures et jachères (24,48 %), de plantations (14,59 %), de forêts claires (14,43 %) et de forêts riveraines (13,02 %). Les résultats obtenus constituent des éléments tangibles pour le suivi, la sensibilisation, l’élaboration des plans d’aménagement, de prévention et de gestion des feux.
Le relazioni pericolose: il ruolo dell’infiammazione e delle comorbilità nell’infezione da HIV e da Covid-19.
Authors: P Cirillo , al. et
Published: April 2021

Nelle persone che vivono con HIV (PLWH) i disturbi nella regolazione dell'espressione delle citochine possono influenzare in modo determinante l’esito della patologia favorendo, da un lato, l’insorgenza precoce di comorbilità e alterando, dall’altro, la risposta immune alle infezioni. Molte evidenze hanno dimostrato peraltro che l’esito della malattia da SARS-CoV-2 è strettamente correlato alla risposta immunitaria e alla preesistenza di comorbilità.
È evidente che entrambi i virus sono in grado di attivare meccanismi infiammatori, acuti nel caso di SARS-CoV-2, cronici nel caso di HIV, mentre le comorbilità sembrano rappresentare nel primo caso una causa, nel secondo un effetto del danno dovuto al virus. La disregolazione immune dovuta ad HIV potrebbe influenzare in modo determinante la risposta a SARS-CoV-2 sebbene, al momento, non sia ancora chiaro se PLWH abbiano una prognosi peggiore o migliore in caso di COVID-19. Entrambi i casi pongono in evidenza quanto infiammazione e comorbilità siano ormai un aspetto fondamentale nella fisiopatologia di molte malattie infettive e debbano essere studiate con attenzione per le loro importanti implicazioni nella clinica e nella terapia.
SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHY – THE NEEDS OF CHILDREN UNDERGOING PHARMA - COLOGICAL TREATMENT AND THEIR FAMILIES AS PART OF THE COMPREHENSIVE CARE SYSTEM IN POLAND
Authors: Stępień Agnieszka , Kuśmider Piotr , Bartochowski Artur , Mazur Magdalena , Pawlik Urszula , Szafran Iwona , Gajewska Ewa
Published: April 2021

Introduction There is no coordinated care system for patients with rare diseases in Poland. Aim The aim of the study was to define the most important aspects of medical, social and professional care under the project titled “Education in a new reality: a comprehensive and long-term model of physiotherapeutic treatment in spinal muscular atrophy” developed by Stowarzyszenie Lwie Serca (Lion Hearts Association). Material and methods The study included 27 children with SMA1 and SMA2 treated pharmacologically. Motor development was checked using the CHOP INTEND and HFMSE scales; the body posture was measured with the Bunnell scoliometer and the Rippstein plurimeter, and the range of motion in the joints of the upper and lower limbs was measured. Respiratory and neurologopedic problems were assessed. The social, professional and financial situation of the families was analyzed. Psychological data was collected based on an interview with parents. Results Nineteen children were diagnosed with type 1 SMA and 8 with type 2. On the CHOP INTEND scale, the mean number of points was 30.8; in HFMSE 21.7. Disorders in the shape of the chest, spine, hip joints and reduced range of motion were found. 18 children (66.7%) used a ventilator in the invasive and non-invasive mode. Most children had symptoms of dysarthria and stomatognathic disorders. The main psychological problems among parents were severe stress, low mood, and a sense of loneliness. Conclusion In Poland, it is necessary to introduce a system of comprehensive, coordinated care for children with spinal muscular atrophy. Keywords: spinal muscular atrophy, body posture, developmental scales
REVIEW ON METHODOLOGY AND INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS OF MOTOR EVOKED POTENTIALS INDUCED WITH MAGNETIC FIELD OR ELECTRICAL STIMULI RECORDED PREOPERATIVELY OR INTRAOPERATIVELY
Authors: Garasz Anna , Huber Juliusz
Published: April 2021

Introduction The method of motor evoked potentials recordings induced with magnetic field (MEP) (as part of the differential diagnosis of disease in the musculoskeletal system before the introduction of treatment) and motor evoked potentials induced with electrical stimuli (during intraoperative neuromonitoring) is particularly intensively used among clinical neurophysiology studies in the last twenty years. Aim The aim of the study is to review the practical usefulness of MEP in clinical diagnostics and present the most common examples of the application of this method, the possibility of modifications aimed at increasing non-invasiveness, safety and diagnostic precision. Material and methods The results of pilot tests of different variants of MEP recordings are presented preoperatively from muscles and nerves of the lower extremities in healthy volunteers (N = 10) and patients with disc-root conflicts (N = 15). Results Pilot tests show that in healthy people after oververtebral stimulation with the magnetic field at the lumbar level, the MEP amplitude and latency parameters recorded from nerves compared to those recorded from muscles are characterized by lower values (amplitudes by about 50%, latencies with mean at about 3 ms) and the time duration is increased by approximately 20%. The variability of MEP parameters is similar in patients with disc-root conflict in preoperative diagnostics, even though mean amplitude values from muscles were lower in comparison to healthy control group. Conclusions The MEP recording method from nerves vs. muscles after oververtebral stimulation with the magnetic field at the lumbar level in patients with disc-root conflict is diagnostically essential in cases of visible atrophic changes in muscles with symptoms of slight pathology in the transmission of nerve impulses in motor axons. Keywords: motor evoked potentials, neurophysiological diagnostics, neuromonitoring, methodological modifications
Osebnostne lastnosti kot napovedniki različnih vidikov subjektivnega blagostanja pri starejših odraslih
Authors: Petrič Mojca , Zupančič Maja
Published: April 2021

V raziskavi smo proučili sočasno napovedno vrednost osebnostnih potez za tri sestavine subjektivnega blagostanja pri normativnem vzorcu (N = 272; 70 % žensk) starejših odraslih (M = 71,82 let, SD = 6,03) v Sloveniji. Pri tem smo izhajali iz modela Velikih pet osebnostnih lastnosti ter Keyesovega celostnega modela subjektivnega blagostanja (SB), ki vključuje čustveno (ČB), psihološko (PB) in socialno blagostanje (SoB). V napovednih modelih SB smo najprej upoštevali demografske značilnosti udeležencev (spol, starost, zakonski stan, raven izobrazbe) in njihovo subjektivno oceno zdravja, potem pa dodali samoocene petih osebnostnih lastnosti. Uporabili smo Vprašalnik subjektivne ocene zdravja, ki smo ga oblikovali za namen raziskave, kratko obliko Kontinuuma duševnega zdravja ter Vprašalnik pet velikih faktorjev BFI. Demografske značilnosti niso značilno napovedovale sestavin SB, medtem ko je subjektivna ocena zdravja prirastno pojasnila značilen delež variance v ČB in PB. Sklop petih osebnostnih lastnosti je značilno izboljšal napoved, preko demografskih značilnosti in subjektivne ocene zdravja. Pri tem se je sprejemljivost povezovala z vsemi tremi sestavinami SB, štiri osebnostne lastnosti pa so se s posameznimi sestavinami SB povezovale razlikovalno. Visoka raven vestnosti in nizka raven nevroticizma sta pomembno napovedovali ČB, vestnost, ekstravertnost in odprtost so napovedovale PB, odprtost pa SoB.
Emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero y sectores clave en Colombia
Authors: Hernández Gustavo
Published: April 2021

El incremento de la temperatura en los últimos 50 años ha tenido serios efectos sobre la economía, por lo cual es necesario tomar medidas de mitigación para atenuar sus efectos. En el presente trabajo se realiza un cálculo de multiplicadores de las emisiones mediante la técnica de insumo-producto, que sirve como un instrumento más para la evaluación y el análisis de las diferentes alternativas de políticas de mitigación. Los multiplicadores estimados permiten observar cuáles son los sectores con mayor efecto sobre las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero, y, además, realizar una caracterización de las políticas que pueden ser más eficientes en cada uno de ellos.
Streptococcus mutans detection on mother-child pairs using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization – time of flight mass spectrometry and polymerase chain reaction
Authors: Tedjosasongko Udijanto , Ramadhaniati Dwi Mulia , Pradopo Seno
Published: April 2021

Background: Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) bacteria mainly cause dental caries in children. These bacteria are not considered oral indigenous bacteria since they are transmitted from people around children during their deciduous teeth eruption. The detection of these bacteria can be used for dental caries prevention in children. Purpose: To determine the strain and serotype of S. mutans by using matrix assisted laser desorption ionization – time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on dental plaque samples taken from mother-child pairs. Methods: Sixteen dental plaque samples of mother-child pairs were cultured on brain heart infusion broth (BHIB) and mitis salivarius bacitracin (MSB) media until S. mutans colony isolates were obtained. Next, the isolates of S. mutans colony were introduced into the target plates of MALDI-TOF MS, and then ionized to become peptide mass fingerprint (PMF). Afterwards, the colony isolates were detected by database software. The detected S. mutans DNA then was extracted by using conventional 727 bp PCR (serotype C). Results: Six strains of S. mutans were detected by MALDI-TOF MS method. Five samples were classified into UA159, two samples were 3SN1, two samples were NFSM1, two samples were 11A1, two samples were U138, two samples were 4SM1, and one sample was classified into another bacterium. Five out of 16 samples were detected by PCR as serotype C (UA159). Conclusion: Six strains of S. mutans were detected, namely UA159, 3SN1, NFSM1, 11A1, U138, and 4SM1, one of them (UA159) was detected as serotype C.
Relationship Between Characteristics of Marine Debris and Impact to Coral Reef
Authors: Arindra Putra Muhamad Gilang , Zamani Neviaty Putri , Natih Nyoman Metta , Harahap Syawaludin Alisyahbana
Published: April 2021

HighlightMarine debris can be as a treat for coral reefBranching coral is the most affected by marine debrisPlastic marine debris commonly found in all research location, especially from fisheries and daily activityAbstractA coral reef is one of the important ecosystems, however, the existence of coral reef is threatened. Several factors can be a threat to the coral reef, such as marine debris. Research about marine debris on coral reefs in Indonesia has not much been done. This research aims to identify marine debris that is found and impacted, to identify the impacts caused, and to identify the life forms most susceptible to being affected. This research was conducted in Kelapa Island, Kelapa Dua Island, and Harapan Island by using the Belt Transect method sized 20 x 4 m2 with four repetitions at each station to determine coral reef life form, and type of marine  debris. The data was analyzed by using the Correspondence Analysis (CA) to determine the correlation of marine debris and the affected life forms of coral reefs. The result showed the plastic marine debris was found in all stations. Six life forms were affected by marine debris, and the most susceptible life forms that affected were massive and branching. The most dominant impact category on coral reefs was tissue loss with algal growth (TLAG).
Primer hiperparatiroidizm için cerrahi tedavi sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesi: Tek merkez deneyimi
Authors: ATAŞ Hakan , YUKSEK Yunus , CEYLAN Cengiz , MENEKŞE Ebru , ALTUN ÖZDEMİR Buket , ÇOMÇALI Bülent , TÜTÜNCÜ Tanju , KORUKLUOĞLU Birol
Published: April 2021

AMAÇ: Primer hiperparatiroidizm (PHPT), dört paratiroid bezinin bir veya daha fazlasından aşırı paratiroid hormonu (PTH) salgılanmasıyla karakterize bir hastalıktır. Anormal paratiroid bezlerinin cerrahi olarak çıkarılması, hastalığın en etkili tedavi yötemidir. Bu çalışma, PHPT nedeniyle ameliyat edilen hastaların klinik ve cerrahi deneyimlerimizi sunmayı amaçlamaktadır.

GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Ocak 2014 - Mart 2019 tarihleri arasında hastanemiz meme ve endokrin cerrahisi bölümünde PHPT tanısı ile ameliyat edilen hastaların verileri geriye dönük olarak incelendi.

BULGULAR: Bu çalışmaya medyan yaşı 54 olan toplam 334 hasta (dağılım 16-86) dahil edildi. Bunlardan 165'i (% 81,7) kadın, 37'si (% 18,3) erkekti. Preoperatif lokalizasyon çalışmalarında, en yüksek doğru tespit oranı, anormal paratiroid bezlerinin % 85.7'sini tanımlayan sestamibili tek foton emisyonlu bilgisayarlı tomografi ve ultrasonografi ile elde edildi. Hastaların % 22.16'sında minimal invaziv yöntem, %76,94'ünde bilateral boyun eksplorasyonu tercih edildi. 3 hastada sternotomi gerekti. Patolojik bezlerin ektopik lokalizasyonu 26 (% 7.788) hastada mevcuttu. Eş zamanlı tiroidektomi 124 (% 37.12) hastaya uygulandı. 14 (% 11.29) hastada rastlantısal tiroid maligniteleri teşhis edildi. Persitent ve rekürren hastalık görülme sıklıkları sırasıyla 6.88% ve 4.19% olarak tespit edildi.

SONUÇ: PHPT, multidisipliner bir yaklaşım gerektirir. Cerrahi tedavi, düşük komplikasyon oranları ile% 95'in üzerinde iyileşme sağlayabilir. Anormal bezler için dikkatli lokalizasyon çalışmaları ve eşlik eden tiroid patolojileri için ayrıntılı incelemelerin ameliyat başarısını daha da artıracağına inanıyoruz.
EFEKTIVITAS PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN IPA UNTUK MELATIHKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS PESERTA DIDIK SMP PADA MATERI POKOK LISTRIK STATIS
Authors: Putri Mutiara Havina , Fahmi Fahmi , Wahyuningsih Eko
Published: April 2021

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the static electricity subject matter learning device for junior high school students. Learning tools include syllabus, lesson plans, teaching materials, LKPD, and assessment test. The research model used is the Tessmer development model which consists of five steps, namely: 1) Self evaluation; 2) expert review; 3) one to one; 4) small group; and 5) field test. The data analysis technique used in this research is quantitative analysis to assess the effectiveness of the learning tools. The results showed that the learning tools developed were considered effective as seen from the LKPD results which showed an increasing trend in the indicators of critical skills.Keywords: effectiveness, learning tools, critical thinking skills, static electricityAbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas perangkat pembelajaran materi pokok listrik statis pada peserta didik SMP. Perangkat pembelajaran meliputi silabus, RPP, materi ajar, LKPD, dan lembar penilaian. Model penelitian yang digunakan adalah model pengembangan Tessmer yang terdiri atas lima langkah yaitu: 1) Evaluasi diri (self evaluation); 2) pendapat pakar (expert review); 3) uji coba perorangan (one to one); 4) uji coba kelompok kecil (small group); dan 5) uji lapangan (field test). Teknik analisi data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis kuantitatif untuk menilai efektivitas perangkat pembelajaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan dinilai efektif dilihat dari hasil LKPD yang menunjukkan tren peningkatan pada indikator keterampilan berpikir kritis.Kata kunci: efektivitas, perangkat pembelajaran, keterampilan berpikir kritis, listrik statis
KEEFEKTIFAN DIGITAL LEARNING TERINTEGRASI KEARIFAN LOKAL TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN MEMECAHKAN MASALAH SISWA SMA KELAS XI
Authors: Nadhifah Layyin Isyroqun , Siswanto Joko , Huda Choirul
Published: April 2021

The conventional learning process can only be implemented in schools, in a pandemic like now, learning that can be carried out remotely according to the rules is learning from home. Teachers are required to take advantage of various technologies to better support the learning process, so that learning is more effective because students can continue to learn even at home. Digital learning is effectively used because students can still access learning material even though they are at home. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of digital learningintegrated local wisdom of student problem solving skills at Teuku Umar Senior High School Semarang on the subject of dynamic fluids. The method used in this research is a quasi-experimental design using the One-Group method prete st posttest. The population in this study were students of class XI MIPA SMA Teuku Umar Semarang, with a sample of class XI MIPA as the experimental class. The results showed that there were differences in the results of the pre - test and post-test, where there was an increase in student learning outcomes after being given the experimental class treatment using integrate digital learning local wisdom on problem solving skills.Keywords: digital learning, local wisdom, problem solvingAbstrakProses pembelajaran konvensional hanya dapat dilaksanakan di sekolah saja, di masa pandemi seperti sekarang dibutuhkan pembelajaran yang dapat dilaksanakan secara jarak jauh sesuai aturan yaitu belajar dari rumah. Guru dituntut memanfaatkan berbagai teknologi agar lebih menujang proses pembelajaran, sehingga pembelajaran lebih efektif karena siswa bisa tetap belajar walaupun hanya di rumah. Digital learning efektif digunakan karena siswa tetap dapat mengakses materi pembelajaran walupun mereka berada di rumah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efektifitas digital learning terintegrasi kearifan lokal terhadap keterampilan memecahkan masalah siswa di SMA Teuku Umar Semarang pada pembelajaran Fisika. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah adalah quasi-experimental design dengan menggunakan metode one-group pretest-posttest. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI MIPA SMA Teuku Umar Semarang, dengan sampel kelas XI MIPA sebagai kelas eksperimen. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh bahwa terdapat perbedaan hasil uji pre-test dan post-tes, dimana adanya peningkatan hasil belajar siswa setelah diberikan perlakukan pada kelas eksperimen yang menggunakan digital learning terintegrasi kearifan lokal terhadap keterampilan memecahkan masalah.Kata kunci: digital learning, kearifan lokal, memecahkan masalah
Life Sciences and Bio-Security
Authors: Kalinina N.
Published: April 2021

The paper discusses the modern risks to global security in the context of non-proliferation of biological weapons and the problems relating to elimination of such risks. Also, the author considers a number of scientific issues that have relation to Convention on prohibiting development, production and accumulation of bacteriological (biological) and tocsin weapons and on their destruction. The author studies the dangers of scientific experiments with weapons application, as well as the issues of monitoring the life sciences, including responsibility of scholars for excluding military application of the scientific achievements.
Innovation Priorities in Energy Sector of China and Japan
Authors: Kirichenko I. , Onischenko I.
Published: April 2021

Currently, both Japan and China show high activities in the sphere of energy modernization. Such activities are driven by constant short supply of energy resources and by serious dependence on their imports. The authors provide a detailed consideration of the efforts to resolve and of the resulting revolutionary changes in the sector, including the participation of the governments and provide business in this process.
European Idea in Political Heritage of Willy Brandt
Authors: Vasil'ev V.
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to centenary of W. Brandt, German prominent statesman and public figure. The key points of the analysis include his substantive input in the détente, in Germany’s “Ost Politik” toward Russia, reconciliation between the Germans and the Russians. The author emphasizes the topicality of Brandt’s methodology while formulating and implementing the approaches to RF-FRG cooperation within the new system of European coordinates.
To Origins of «Humanitarian Economy»
Authors: Milovidov V.
Published: April 2021

Problems of liberalism in business relationship were designated as early as in Ancient philosophy and culture. The author details the essence of Classical Greek philosophers and thinkers, Diogenes's of Synop and Hesiod's views of these subjects.
Composition of Future Energy Portfolio and Role of Peaceful Atom
Authors: Koldobskii A. , Zharkyh M.
Published: April 2021

The energy branch development forecast for the near decades is analyzed in the article. The prospects of traditional energetics (renewable and nonrenewable), fuel resources and advantages of the atomic power generating capacity, the dynamics of its development in the ХХIth century are examined. It is pointed to the complexity of the branch development forecasting owing to its high capital intensity and, subsequently, its sugnificant inertance.
Sociology of Science, World Science, History
Authors: Rashkovskii E.
Published: April 2021

The author presents and introduces with comments the following article of the known Russian global problems researcher M. Cheshkov. It is assumed that working with ideal theoretical objects is fundamental for a scientific knowledge specificity, that the experience of recent years points to a dramatic connection between the growing interdependence of different regions and spaces in the modern world, and the increasing intensity of local and global antagonisms and passions.
Russia and EU Countries: Partnership for Modernization
Authors: Romanova T. , Pavlova E.
Published: April 2021

The article examines how the normative power, which the EU puts forward as an ideological basis of its actions in the world, manifests itself in the national partnerships for modernization between Russia and EU member states. The authors demonstrate the influence of the EU’s normativity on its approach to modernization as well as the difference in the positions of its member countries. It is concluded that there is no unity in the EU’s approach to democracy, human rights and the rule of law, and the new classification of EU member states, which is based on their readiness to act in accordance with the Union’s concept of normative power, is offered.
Prospective Directions of Katar’s Economic Development
Authors: Kasaev E.
Published: April 2021

The article deals with the economic role of an emirate situated on the crossroad of the main Persian Gulf trade flows. Fundamental changes in economic shape of Qatar, which are largerly owing to this country's turning into a powerful natural-gas actor on different markets, the extension and modernisation of transportation network, the activation of banking business, the development of information-communication technologies sector are examined.
World. Challenges of Global Crisis. Japan
Authors: Semenenko I. , Labinskaya I.
Published: April 2021

The cycle of publications on trends and prospects of major world nations is continued by a piece on Japan prepared at a workshop of the Center of social-economic and social-political studies at IMEMO RAN. Doctor D. Streltsov (MGIMO-University, Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs) spoke on the subject of the party-political system evolution in Japan as well as on the prospects of the social security system reforming. S. Chugrov, editor-in-chief of the "Polis" magazine, focused on tendencies and expectations of the Japanese society, particularly in regard to territorial disputes and historical memory. That issue was also at the center of the presentation of Professor N. Simotaman from Hosey University, Tokyo, while E. Leontieva of IMEMO dealt with new trends in Japan’s economic development, especially the “abenomics”.
Mathematical Analysis of Heat and Mass Transfer for Williamson Nanofluid Flow Over an Exponentially Stretching Surface Subject to the Exponential Order Surface Temperature and Heat Flux
Authors: Badshah Zeeshan , Ali Rashid , Khan M. Riaz
Published: April 2021

This article investigates the features of heat and mass transfer for the steady two-dimensional Williamson nanofluid flow across an exponentially stretched surface depending on suction/injection. The boundary conditions incorporate the impacts of the Brownian motion and thermophoresis boundary. The analysis of heat transfer is carried out for the two cases of prescribed exponential order surface temperature (PEST) and prescribed exponential order heat flux (PEHF). The ongoing flow problem is mathematically modeled under the basic laws of motion and heat transfer. The similarity variables are allowed to transmute the governing equations of the problem into a similarity ordinary differential equation (ODEs). The solution of this reduced non-linear system of ODEs is supported by the Homotopy analysis method (HAM). The combination of HAM arrangements is acquired by plotting the h-curve. In order to evaluate the influence of several emergent parameters, the outcomes are presented numerically and are plotted diagrammatically as a consequence of velocity, temperature and concentration proles.
Low-cost Air Purifier Prototype using a Ventilating Fan and Pump against COVID-19 and Haze Pollution
Authors: Jumlongkul Arnon
Published: April 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to focus on the design and development of low-cost DIY air purifiers, using a ventilating fan, air pump, water pump, and an ultrasonic generator, with regard to filtration efficacy and also cost-effectiveness that can be used during the COVID-19 pandemic and haze pollution. Methods: Six types of household air purifiers, incorporating a HEPA filter, a HEPA filter & electrostatic fiber, an air pump, an air pump & ultrasonic wave, a water pump, and a water pump & ultrasonic wave, were fabricated. The amount of particulate matter (PM) and CO2 levels were recorded at 0, 10, 20, 30, and 60 min, then, repeated 3 times. After 10 min of the 3rd experiment of each study, the last measurement of air pollution would be recorded. Results: At 60 min, the HEPA filter & electrostatic fiber showed the best performance regarding reduction of PM and CO2 levels. The highest PM reduction rate had occurred at 30 min using an air pump procedure (99.330 to 100%). The CO2 levels of all experiments had fluctuated at different times. After 10 min of a closed machine, HEPA filter & electrostatic fiber revealed the highest rate of PM elevation, while PM levels of all water-based purifier systems were decreased. A water pump and air pump were the cheapest air cleaners, when taking into account maintenance expenses and electricity charges. Conclusion: An air pump is the optimum method for reducing particulate matter at minimum cost but without the benefit of reduced humidity, while the HEPA filter & electrostatic fiber is the best system to decrease PM levels, but this requires an enclosed structure at the inlet to prevent dust coming back into the room. As filtration efficiency is increased by the use of filters & electrostatic fiber mechanisms, the more expensive the system becomes.
Triphenilphosphonium Analogs of Chloramphenicol as Dual-Acting Antimicrobial and Antiproliferating Agents
Authors: Pavlova Julia A. , Khairullina Zimfira Z. , Tereshchenkov Andrey G. , Nazarov Pavel A. , Lukianov Dmitrii A. , Volynkina Inna A. , Skvortsov Dmitry A. , Makarov Gennady I. , Abad Etna , Murayama Somay Y. , Kajiwara Susumu , Paleskava Alena , Konevega Andrey L. , Lyakhovich Alex , Antonenko Yuri N. , Osterman Ilya A. , Bogdanov Alexey A. , Sumbatyan Natalia V.
Published: April 2021

In the current work, in continuation of our recent research [1] we synthesized and studied new chimeric compounds comprising the ribosome-targeting antibiotic chloramphenicol (CHL) and the membrane-penetrating cation triphenylphosphonium (TPP) connected by alkyl linkers of different lengths. Using various biochemical assays, we showed that these CAM-Cn-TPP compounds bind to the bacterial ribosome, inhibit protein synthesis in vitro and in vivo in a way similar to that of the parent CHL, and significantly decrease membrane potential. Similar to CAM-C4-TPP, the mode of action of CAM-C10-TPP and CAM-C14-TPP on bacterial ribosomes differ from that of CHL. By simulating the dynamics of complexes of CAM-Cn-TPP with bacterial ribosomes, we have proposed a possible explanation for the specificity of the action of these analogs on the translation process. CAM-C10-TPP and CAM-C14-TPP stronger inhibit the growth of the Gram-positive bacteria in comparison to the CHL and suppress some strains of CHL-resistant bacteria. Thus, we have shown that TPP derivatives of CHL are dual-acting compounds that target the ribosomes and the cellular membranes of bacteria. The TPP fragment of CAM-Cn-TPP compounds contributes to the inhibitory effect on bacteria. Moreover, since the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells have qualities similar to those of their prokaryotic ancestors, we demonstrate the possibility of targeting chemoresistant cancer cells with these compounds.