bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análise crítica do Programa Nacional de Controle de Resíduos e Contaminantes em Carne Bovina
Authors: Mena Luciana Cristina de Souza , Bailone Ricardo Lacava , Roça Roberto de Oliveira , Ferreira Fernando
Published: December 2023

Visando atender às exigências legais nacionais e internacionais, empresas brasileiras do setor de carne bovina investem na realização de análises de resíduos químicos em carne e derivados. A escassez de estudos nacionais sobre determinação da amostragem, ocorrência e fatores de risco associados aos resíduos em carne e derivados geram incertezas sobre a situação do País, o que resulta em gastos desnecessários às empresas e aos órgãos governamentais fiscalizadores. Neste contexto, o presente estudo teve o objetivo de analisar, criticamente, a representatividade amostral do sistema de monitoramento de resíduos e contaminantes, executado pelo Ministério da Agricultura e Pecuária (Mapa). Foi aplicada análise estatística multivariada, utilizando-se bancos de dados disponibilizados pelo Mapa relativo às análises de resíduos químicos em porções musculares da carcaça, fígado, rim e urina do animal, no período de 2015 e 2019. Nesse período, em média, 73,7% dos animais abatidos no Brasil, foram abatidos em estabelecimentos com Serviço de Inspeção Federal (IBGE, 2023). Assim, 23,3%, em média, dos animais abatidos não foram  amostráveis pelo Programa Nacional de Controle de Resíduos e Contaminantes (PNCRC). A existência, associada à dimensão desse segmento não amostrável, introduz viés que resulta na perda de acurácia da amostra, comprometendo o objetivo inicial do monitoramento no PNCRC, que pressupõe amostra representativa dos alimentos de origem animal produzidos no Brasil (BRASIL, 1999). Essa perda de acurácia não pode ser minimizada com aumento do tamanho da amostra, uma vez que esse procedimento não resolveria a impossibilidade de a amostra conter animais cujo abate ocorreu em estabelecimentos com Serviço de Inspeção Estadual ou municipal. A amostra pode ser considerada representativa apenas dos animais abatidos em estabelecimentos com Serviço de Inspeção Federal e não do total de animais abatidos no Brasil. Portanto, a análise crítica do plano de amostragem, representatividade e tamanho da amostra permitiu concluir que a amostragem realizada pelo PNCRC não é representativa da população total de bovinos abatidos no Brasil, o que poderia comprometer, sem invalidar o programa, o atingimento de um dos principais objetivos do PNCRC, que é promover a segurança dos alimentos, em relação ao perigo químico, na carne bovina produzida no Brasil (BRASIL, 1999). Desse modo, sugere-se a realização de estudos posteriores utilizando-se de sistemas de vigilância baseados em risco, que tenham sido estruturados, considerando-se a exposição ao risco e os métodos de avaliação desse risco em associação aos sistemas tradicionais de vigilância epidemiológica, incluindo-se amostragem representativa da população de animais abatidos em estabelecimentos com Serviço de Inspeção Estadual e Municipal, além do Federal, assegurando-se, assim, coleta de dados adequada e com boa relação custo efetividade.
Anestesia parcialmente intravenosa para enucleação ocular em equino com realização dos bloqueios anestésicos locorregionais zigomático, lacrimal, supraorbitário, troclear e retrobulbar: relato de caso
Authors: Octaviano Giovanna Marquiti , Borges Junior Darcy , Bonfante Juliana da Silva
Published: December 2023

A dor é uma experiência sensorial e emocional desagradável, que causa alterações fisiológicas no animal, prejudicando a qualidade de vida e prolongando o período de reabilitação, e é por esse motivo que os médicos-veterinários são desafiados, constantemente, a avaliar e tratar a dor. Os bloqueios anestésicos reduzem a necessidade de anestésicos gerais e analgésicos no pós-operatório e, por estes motivos, são bastante utilizados em grandes animais. Esse relato de caso aborda os principais bloqueios para a enucleação do globo ocular, os fármacos a serem utilizados em uma anestesia geral e um maior entendimento sobre a técnica.
Uji sitotoksisitas ekstrak etanol daun sirih cina (Peperomia pellucida [L.] Kunth) dengan metode brine Shrimp lethality test
Authors: Nasution Fadhlah Al-Uyun , Ridwanto Ridwanto , Rani Zulmai
Published: December 2023

Tingkat bahaya yang ditimbulkan obat pada sel misalnya sel kanker yang dikenal dengan istilah sitotoksik. Zat sitotoksik memiliki kemampuan untuk menghentikan perkembangbiakan sel kanker, sehingga memungkinkan untuk dijadikan obat antikanker. Ekstrak tumbuhan atau bahan kimia aktif yang berasal dari tumbuhan dapat digunakan sebagai agen antikanker tanaman herbal. Diantaranya adalah sirih cina, tanaman yang memiliki banyak manfaat bagi kesehatan meski sering dianggap sebagai tanaman gulma. Penelitian ini melihat nilai LC50 menggunakan metode BSLT untuk mengidentifikasi jenis bahan kimia metabolit sekunder dan sitotoksisitas ekstrak etanol daun sirih cina. Penelitian ini melihat jumlah kematian Artemia salina untuk mengkarakterisasi, menyaring fitokimia, dan menentukan sitotoksisitas daun sirih cina menggunakan metode BSLT. Larva pelindian dengan nilai LC50 dinyatakan. Daun sirih cina menunjukkan hasil positif terhadap saponin, flavonoid, alkaloid, tanin, dan steroid dalam uji skrining fitokimia. Pengujian hasil uji sitotoksik dilakukan analisis menggunakan analisis probit yang menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak kental etanol daun sirih cina bersifat racun dan mungkin mempunyai sifat antikanker, dengan nilai LC50 sebesar 335,7376 µg/mL.
Chip Seal Quality Assurance Using Percent Embedment
Authors:   Applied Research Associates, Alhasan Ahmad , Moon Brian ,   Applied Research Associates, Steele Doug ,   Applied Research Associates, Lee Hyung ,   Applied Research Associates, Sufian Abu ,   Applied Research Associates
Published: December 2023

This study investigates the use of macrotexture as an indicator of the percent embedment (PE) of aggregate in a chip seal and ultimately, as a quality assurance tool for chip seals. The study included an extensive field- and controlled-testing program from 24 chip seal sections constructed in Illinois. Surface texture measurements were acquired using a high-speed texture profiler and a stationary laser texture device. The analysis showed that stationary texture measurements were more consistent and reliable for estimating PE and characterizing chip seals in the field. Moreover, the ground truth PE values were estimated using an image analysis algorithm implemented on side-view images of cores extracted in the field. The ground truth PE values were estimated using four approaches: the average elevation method, percent embedment of each aggregate method, the peak method, and the aggregate circumference method. The analysis showed that the correlations between the different PE estimation methods are relatively weak, indicating the various methods provide different information and may relate to different characteristics. The general regression models for PE values estimated using the average elevation method and the mean profile depth (MPD) acquired using laser texture scans and the average least dimension (ALD) yielded the highest R2 value of 0.50. The model showed a consistent decreasing trend between PE and MPD estimated using laser texture scans and side-view images. Moreover, the model matched the expected behavior that PE should reach 100% as MPD reaches 0. Finally, four models were recommended correlating PE estimated using the average elevation and each aggregate methods to the MPD (mm) estimated from laser texture scans and ALD (mm) estimated from side-view images.
Impactos na Saúde Associados ao Uso de Psicoestimulantes: Uma Revisão Sistemática
Authors: Vasconcelos José Lucas Moura , Magalhães Ana Cláudia Reis , Santos Arthur Teixeira , Júnior Cledson Alves de Oliveira , Vasconcelos Daniel Alvares , Costa Ester Fernandes , Carvalho Francisco David Gomes de , Fernandes Gabriel Coelho , Santos Gabriel Rocha Vieira , Veloso Gricelio Cordeiro , Nascimento Igor de Souza , Moreira Isabel Miranda Fonseca , Pereira Maria Antônia Oliveira Machado , Normanha Rodrigo Alcantara , Venuto Vinycius Victor Ferreira , Rocha Vítor Luiz Porto Rêgo Laranjeira , Meireles Willy de Andrade
Published: December 2023

Este artigo realiza uma revisão sistemática dos impactos na saúde associados ao uso de psicoestimulantes, abrangendo contextos clínicos e recreativos. A introdução destaca a relevância do tema diante da prevalência dessas substâncias e da necessidade de compreender seus efeitos abrangentes. A metodologia adotada envolveu uma busca bibliográfica extensiva em bases como PubMed e Scopus, estabelecendo critérios claros de inclusão/exclusão e aplicando uma avaliação rigorosa da qualidade dos estudos selecionados. Na discussão, exploramos os benefícios terapêuticos desses psicoestimulantes, evidenciando sua eficácia no tratamento de condições como o Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH). Contudo, a análise abrange também os riscos físicos e mentais, especialmente quando essas substâncias são utilizadas fora do contexto médico, evidenciando a associação com complicações cardiovasculares e transtornos psiquiátricos. A diferenciação crucial entre o uso terapêutico e o recreativo é destacada, enfatizando a importância de uma avaliação individualizada para compreender os riscos e benefícios associados a cada contexto de uso. A conclusão ressalta a necessidade de clareza na comunicação sobre o uso de psicoestimulantes, uma avaliação cuidadosa dos impactos a longo prazo e a implementação de estratégias de saúde pública sensíveis às influências sociais e culturais. Este trabalho contribui para a compreensão abrangente dos impactos na saúde relacionados a psicoestimulantes, fornecendo insights valiosos para profissionais de saúde, pesquisadores e formuladores de políticas no manejo dessas substâncias em diferentes contextos.
Skrining Fitokimia dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Benalu Jeruk (Dendrophthoe glabrescens (Blakely) Barlow) dengan Pelarut n-Heksan dan Etanol
Authors: Udayani Ni Nyoman Wahyu , Wiguna Putu Dony Saputra , Cahyaningsih Erna , Wardani I Gusti Agung Ayu Kusuma
Published: December 2023

Salah satu senyawa yang dapat dimanfaatkan dari tanaman adalah antioksidan. Antioksidan adalah senyawa yang penting dalam mengatasi radikal bebas pada tubuh. Antioksidan alami lebih diinginkan daripada yang sintetik karena efek sampingnya yang lebih minim. Benalu jeruk merupakan tanaman parasit yang telah digunakan dalam obat tradisional di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengetahui kandungan metabolit sekunder yang terkandung dalam ekstrak daun benalu jeruk dengan menggunakan pelarut non polar, dan polar serta  bagaimana aktivitas antioksidannya. Ekstrak daun benalu jeruk dibuat dengan menggunakan pelarut n-heksana sebagai pelarut non polar, dan etanol sebagai pelarut polar dengan perbandingan bahan dan pelarut 1:10. Adapun skrining yang diujikan diantaranya alkaloid, triterpenoid, steroid, flavonoid, saponin, dan tannin. Metode yang digunakan untuk menguji aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak daun benalu jeruk adalah metode DPPH yang diukur dengan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Analisis statistik dilakukan dengan One Way Anova dan Post Hoc terhadap nilai IC50 pada ekstrak dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan ekstrak N-Heksan daun benalu jeruk mengandung metabolit sekunder alkaloid, steroid, dan flavonoid, dan ekstrak etanol daun benalu jeruk mengandung metabolit sekunder alkaloid, steroid, flavonoid, saponin, dan tanin. Aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak n-Heksan dan etanol berturut turut 92,731ppm (kuat) dan 54,490 ppm (kuat).
THE ROLE OF THE "GREEN" TAXONOMY IN PROJECTS’ EVALUATION FOR RURAL TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN RUSSIAN REGIONS
Authors:   – branch of Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education ", Chernomorets A.B. ,   The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration", Shevchenko A.V. ,   Autonomous Non-Profit Organization of Higher Education "Russian New University", Ipatova D.A. ,   State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Saint-Petersburg State University of Economics"
Published: December 2023

In 2022, rural tourism was recognized in the Russian Federation as one of the priority areas of state policy in the field of agricultural development and regulation of markets for agricultural products. The purpose of this article is to determine the impact of projects for the development of rural tourism on the state of territories and to develop recommendations for the use of “green” taxonomy for selecting and financing such projects that will help improve the sustainability of Russian regions. The authors propose a set of ESG indicators that can be taken into account by rating agencies when assessing rural tourism development projects in Russian regions.
THE DEPENDENCE OF THE MOTIVATION OF THE CONSUMER OF TOURIST SERVICES ON THE PSYCHOLOGICAL TYPE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE THEORY OF GENERATIONS
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg State University of Economics, Kuchumov A.V. , Eremicheva P.Y. ,   Saint-Petersburg State University of Economics
Published: December 2023

This article traces the specifics of the requests of potential consumers of tourist services, based on psychology, in order to identify its interdependence with the alleged motivations and needs in the context of the implementation of a tourist product. The study highlights the importance of identifying the psycho-psychological characteristics of the environment and the influence of external factors on their formation for the subsequent determination of the vector of formation and improvement of the quality of services in the conditions of the national tourism complex. With the help of the analysis, the intersection between the personal aspects, behavioral subtleties of potential tourists and the choice of destinations for travel, taking into account the attached resources, is found. The work includes an analysis of the underlying system – the theory of generations, as well as works, systems and models relevant to the issue under study.
RESEARCH OF THE CORPORATE CULTURE OF THE ORGANIZATION
Authors:   Kaluga State University named after K. E. Tsiolkovsky, Kaluga, Russia, Chausov Nikolay Yu. , Fomina Evelina A. ,   Kaluga State University named after K. E. Tsiolkovsky, Kaluga, Russia, Chausova Lyudmila A. ,   Kaluga Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Kaluga, Russia
Published: December 2023

This article is devoted to the study of the corporate culture of the organization. The role of corporate culture in the management of the organization is revealed. The characteristics of the types of corporate culture are given. The validity of the application of the OCAI methodology in the study of the corporate culture of the organization is shown. The study of corporate culture according to the OCAI methodology of TD “Sea World” LLC was carried out. The profiles of the existing and prospective organizational culture of TD “Sea World” LLC are determined. The measures for the transformation of organizational culture are justified: improvement of the personnel structure; development of own design and individual elements of the organization; improvement of the employee motivation system; formation of a market culture in the organization. A phased project for the implementation of the proposed measures has been developed and their effectiveness has been calculated.
THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE TRANSPORT INDUSTRY
Authors:   Russian University of Cooperation, Kazan Cooperative Institute (branch), Kazan, Russia, Rocheva Olga A. , Zaripova Rimma S. ,   Kazan State Energy University, Kazan, Russia, Akhmetshin Dinar A. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University, Kazan, Russia
Published: December 2023

Artificial Intelligence is becoming an increasingly common technology in various fields of endeavour. One of the areas where its use is finding increasing application is in the transport industry. The development of AI in the transport industry should improve the safety, efficiency and comfort of journeys. The article presents the results of the research on the application of AI technology in the transport and logistics industry. The advantages, attractiveness and significance of the implementation of this technology for the competitiveness of transport companies are considered. The authors’ attention is focused on the problems of using artificial intelligence for effective management of transport infrastructure objects.
ON THE ISSUE OF PROVIDING EFFECTIVE PROFESSIONAL EDUCATIO IN SCOPE OF MANAGEMENT
Authors:   National University of Oil and Gas «Gubkin University», Moscow, Russia, Filatova Marina N. , Magaril Oksana N. ,   National University of Oil and Gas «Gubkin University», Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the current state of the personnel support procedure in personnel management. Special attention is paid to the study of the problems of professional development of managerial personnel in the conditions of intensive development of the processes of digitalization of the company’s economic activities. The author considers possible theoretical approaches to solving the problem of ensuring the effectiveness of professional education in personnel management due to the universal theoretical base determined by scientific and pedagogical principles. Based on the results of the work, a scientific proposal was formulated for the introduction of a combined approach to the organization of professional education procedures in the field of personnel management, taking into account the use of digital technologies, into the corporate system (small enterprises) of personnel training.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION: ESSENCE, STRUCTURE, FACTORS
Authors:   Volga Region State University of Service, Medvedeva Ekaterina V.
Published: December 2023

The article clarifies approaches to understanding the concepts of “socio-economic development”, “region”, “factors of socio-economic development of the region”, and also analyzes the main scientific and theoretical approaches to understanding the region as a territory with a clearly separate economy and internal structure of society and the social system. It is justified that the region must be considered not only as an administrative entity, but also as an economic unit characterized by identified and accepted local socio-economic and political characteristics. The characteristic features that define a region as a socio-economic system are described, including territorial integrity, orientation towards sustainable and positive socio-economic processes, and the presence of basic social, economic and legal institutions. The structural characteristics of the socio-economic development of the region are also presented and the economic processes affecting the social development of individual territories in conditions of economic uncertainty, socio-economic imbalance and the role of regions and regions in improving the economic situation are considered. As a result of the analysis, key factors influencing the socio-economic development of individual regions were identified.
STATE CONTROL AS A MECHANISM FOR ENSURING TAX SECURITY
Authors:   St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, Molodykh Vladimir A.
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this article is to consider the possibility of using the mechanism of state control in solving the strategic task of ensuring tax security of the Russian Federation through the organization of an effective tax administration system, consolidation of law enforcement tools to ensure the integrity of the tax system and ensure the sustainability of fiscal revenues to the budget system. The directions proposed in the article for the development of the mechanism of state financial control will increase the level of tax security in the Russian Federation, both in ensuring compliance with tax legislation and effective management of expenditures of the budgetary system.
DIGITAL ASSISTANT IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CONCEPTS OF DIGITAL PLATFORM AND DIGITAL ECOSYSTEM
Authors:   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia, Lavskaya К. К. , Barykin S. Е. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia, Makarenko E. A. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia; St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
Published: December 2023

The article’s authors propose the concept of a digital assistant to provide personalized service based on the individual preferences. The study shows that the technical possibility for such interaction already exists, but the customized service is still not widespread enough in the market. The paper proposes the use of the concepts of “digital platform” and “digital ecosystem” to define the place of the digital assistant. The authors also discuss the overlap and blurred boundaries between digital platforms and digital ecosystems. The study results provide a better understanding of the relationship between digital technologies and omnichannel experience, which contributes to developing better personalized solutions.
MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF FINANCIAL RISKS OF COMPANIES
Authors:   Kalmyk State University named after B. B. Gorodovikov, Sarunova Marina P. , Lidzhieva Zanda B. ,   Kalmyk State University named after B. B. Gorodovikov, Petreeeva Valentina Yu. ,   Kalmyk State University named after B. B. Gorodovikov, Kikeeva Svetlana V. ,   Kalmyk State University named after B. B. Gorodovikov, Ivanov Ayuka Kh. ,   Kalmyk State University named after B. B. Gorodovikov
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the problems of managing various types of financial risks of companies in modern conditions. Methods are given to prevent and minimize risks depending on the conditions of their occurrence. Particular attention is paid to the rules for minimizing risks when companies interact with tax authorities, as well as the peculiarities of the functioning of companies under conditions of sanctions and currency restrictions.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY: PROBLEMS, CONDITIONS, OPPORTUNITIES
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, St. Petersburg, Russia, Lukina Ekaterina M.
Published: December 2023

The article examines the Russian manufacturing industry as one of the most important types of economic activity, ensuring the growth of the domestic economy. The characteristics of the “Consolidated strategy for the development of the manufacturing industry of the Russian Federation until 2030 and for the period until 2035” developed by the Government of the Russian Federation are presented; an analysis of the indicators for the development of the manufacturing industry included in the Consolidated strategy is carried out. Attention is paid to the indicators of technological development in Russia for the period 2015-2022, its features and problems are identified. Attention is paid to the conditions that contribute to achieving the goals of development of the manufacturing industry and increasing the efficiency of the real sector of the Russian economy.
THE ESSENCE OF REGIONAL INDUSTRIAL POLICY: INNOVATIVE ASPECTS
Authors:   Samara University of Public Administration International Market Institute (ANO VO University «MIR»), Samara, Russia, Dobrusin Alexey V. , Mironova Elena A. ,   Samara National Research University named after Academician S. P. Koroleva, Samara, Russia
Published: December 2023

The author emphasizes the need to revise the concept of regional industrial policy during the transition period to the innovative stage of economic development. Analyzing the different scientific approaches to the theoretical foundation of this policy demonstrated its value in ajudent combination of innovative ideas with effective management decisions, and in injecting a reasonable degree of conservatism into the process of change. The article examines the essence of industrial policy and suggests interpreting it through the lens of harmonious interaction between economic entities at all levels of the socio-economic system, from the macro to the nano level. The emphasis on regional policy is on consistency, strategic focus, selective approach to determining content and selection of policy instruments, as well as the unification of industrial, innovation, investment and social policies. A strong emphasis is being placed on maintaining a balance between the interests of the state and other parties involved in the political process, while also providing systematic monitoring of the processes and results of the implementation of regional policy.
BLOCKCHAIN – AS AN ELEMENT OF DIGITIZATION OF ACCOUNTING AND AUDIT
Authors:   Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University, Nalchik, Russian Federation, Shogenov Betal A. , Mirzoyeva Anzhelika R. ,   Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University, Nalchik, Russian Federation
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the impact of blockchain technology on the digitalization of accounting and auditing. In particular, the principles and features of the blockchain system will be revealed, and the possibilities and advantages of using this technology in the field of accounting and auditing will be analyzed. Based on case studies and real-life projects, the potential of blockchain to improve the transparency and security of financial transactions, reduce audit time and simplify the accounting process is assessed.
Importancia de la ética, valores y principios en la formación universitaria: Breve reflexión
Authors: Gamero Huarcaya Valery Kimiyo , Yepez Peña Miguel Angel , Cornejo Pumaccahua Mecha Nohelia
Published: December 2023

El presente artículo de revisión tiene el propósito de examinar los conceptos de ética, valores y principios en la educación superior universitaria, así mismo evidenciar la importancia que tiene la ética en la formación de profesionales integrales, para ello, se utilizó una revisión exploratoria de documentos de revistas indexadas, los criterios empleados para la selección de artículos estuvieron alineados directamente con los objetivos y primordialmente se descartaron artículos que no consideren la temática de ética y educación. Como resultado se sugiere que la ética es un aspecto fundamental en diferentes áreas de la vida y se destaca la importancia de principios éticos como la dignidad humana, la educación en valores, la religación y la autonomía para guiar nuestras acciones y decisiones; se concluye en que la ética es uno de los pilares más importantes para salvaguardar el bienestar de la sociedad; adquiriendo un rol importante la universidad, forjando el fortalecimiento del hacer, ser, conocer y convivir con identidad social y responsabilidad  con su comunidad, es así que la universidad y su plana docente deben estar abiertos a la innovación, pensamiento crítico y en la búsqueda de la verdad para contribuir en la mejora constante de la formación de los estudiantes de la Universidad Andina del Cusco.
APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN WILDLIFE DISEASE SURVEILLANCE
Authors: Raghuwanshi Shudhanshu , Sharma Shubham , Singh Sakshi , Kumar Shubham
Published: December 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) is any mainframe or computer system capable of performing equally or better than a human in all situations. The use of AI has been adopted by a wide range of organizations including healthcare, industry, commerce, education, tourism, animal husbandry and conservation. AI has the advantage of being a valuable tool for animal management and conservation. Currently, AI is more of a priority in animal tracking than supernatural resources because there is no human capacity and there is a limit to which human AI predators work. Many AI tools have been established to manage livestock and wildlife. AI tools make tracking animals easier. A.I. AI applications have the potential to revolutionize the prediction and diagnosis of animal diseases, thereby improving animal health by improving disease management. The main focus of the research study is to investigate the application of artificial intelligence for prediction and diagnosis of animal diseases through comprehensive literature review.
An experimental study on 3D-printed continuous fiber-reinforced composite auxetic structures
Authors: Liu Peiqing , Liu Jikai
Published: December 2023

Auxetic structures have negative Poisson’s ratios (NPR). Due to the unique deformation mechanism, auxetic structures possess extraordinary mechanical properties, such as indentation resistance, shear resistance, fracture toughness, and energy absorption capability. However, the stiffness and load-bearing capacity are the weak points for auxetic structures. 3D printing of continuous fiber-reinforced composite enables the fabrication of lightweight and highly stiff complex structures, providing a perfect manufacturing method to remedy the shortcomings of auxetic structures. This work investigated the mechanical properties of 3D-printed continuous fiber-reinforced composite auxetic structures. In this study, we utilized continuous fiber-reinforced composite 3D printing to fabricate two types of auxetic structures. The fiber path configurations were varied among the test specimens to explore the effect of fiber distribution on mechanical properties. A uniaxial tensile test was performed to evaluate the tensile properties and Poisson’s ratio of continuous fiber-reinforced composite auxetic structures. Results showed that the tensile modulus and strength have been dramatically improved with a minor mass increase. The auxetic behavior can be strengthened by properly allocating the reinforcing fibers. However, the addition of continuous fiber led to different performances on the selected auxetic structures. In summary, two out of the five specimens demonstrated simultaneous improvements in stiffness, strength, and auxeticity across the conducted tests.
THE MEANING AND CONECTION OF THE TERMS "REASON" AND "CAUSATION" IN CRIMINAL AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURAL LAW OF UKRAINE
Authors:   Institute of law and public relations, “Ukraine” University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Serdiuk Vasyl , Serdiuk Euhenii ,   Institute of law and public relations, “Ukraine” University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Tereshchenko Andrii ,   Institute of law and public relations, “Ukraine” University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Fast Oleksii ,   Institute of law and public relations, “Ukraine” University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2023

The article examines the topical issue of the conceptual apparatus of the terms "cause" and "causal connection" in criminal offenses with a material composition. The authors made an attempt to establish, with the help of their inherent features, their inner essence and legal significance when used in criminal law and process. What is the current state of use of these terms in domestic and foreign legislation, domestic and European judicial practice. For theory and practice, this will make it easier to understand the use of these terms, and will eliminate different interpretations of the decisions made with their use. The analysis of investigative and judicial practice regarding the establishment of a causal connection in criminal offenses with a material composition indicates the existing problem of legislative consolidation of this concept, which has long been an element of the objective side of criminal offenses with consequences defined by law in the domestic theory of criminal law. The issue of the relationship of this concept to the philosophical category and the need to introduce it into the criminal block, criminal and procedural codes is debatable. Domestic legislative practice does not establish the concept of causation, its signs in criminal law and the mandatory establishment of this element of the objective side of a criminal offense with its consequences, and in particular, an aviation event, which in its essence is fleeting and takes place under the influence of various factors. It has been established that international and European judicial practice does not establish this concept in criminal law and the need to prove it in criminal procedural law. The purpose of this study is to carry out an analysis of modern domestic legislation, judicial practice in the investigation of aviation incidents, international legislative and law enforcement experience regarding the procedure for using the philosophical concept of causation in criminal proceedings and the level of proof of the existence of a cause or causal connection in the investigation of criminal offenses. Draw conclusions and propose solutions to existing problems.
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR ANALYZING THE INFORMATION REVOLUTION IN THE CONTEXT OF INTERNATIONAL POLITICS AND SECURITY
Authors:   Institute of Law and Public Relations, ", Zahorodnia Alona ,   Ukraine",   University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kulyk Anna ,   Institute of Law and Public Relations, "Ukraine" University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to current issues of international information security. The author examines the phenomenon of the information revolution and its impact on political, cultural, social and economic changes in the world. It is noted that the term "information revolution" is associated with the theoretical concept of the information society; there have been several information revolutions in the history of mankind and they were associated with the emergence of new instrumental methods of transmitting and storing information − writing, printing, computer technology, which subsequently contributed to revolutionary changes in all spheres of society and the State. It is determined that the information society in its most general form can be defined as a stage of society development in which ICT have a significant impact on the main spheres of life: economic, political and socio-cultural. The term "cyberspace" is considered, and its connection with the processes of formation of transnational civil society (Global Civil Society), the impact of Internet technologies on authoritarian regimes, the issues of governance of authoritarian regimes, the issues of Internet governance and ensuring national and international security (Cyber Security) is analysed. It is generalised that the information society is emerging within individual states with varying degrees of intensity, but in accordance with general patterns −, one of which is the growing dependence on ICT. It is noted that the most important direction of the reverse influence of the characteristics of world politics on the global information society is the strengthening of the role of states and the strengthening of "digital sovereignty" in most countries of the world.
TREN PENELITIAN OPTION PRICING: ANALISIS BIBLIOMETRIS
Authors: Yusiana Rennyta , Chandra Dicky , Sari Maya
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this research is to present a comprehensive overview of options pricing research and to demonstrate existing themes in the field. This research also tries to provide direction to academics in determining option prices in the future. The method used is bibliometric analysis. This analysis includes 5,367 papers from the Scopus database accessed over a 38-year period (1985-2023) and published in the top 50 finance and economics, econometrics, and financial journals. This number dropped to 913 articles after using the keyword “option pricing” as the primary search term in the “title, abstract, keywords” column. Tabular and visual representations of this analysis indicate that options pricing is a topic that has been thoroughly studied, but the sharp increase in the number of publications (56) for 2015 indicates that interest in this area is expanding. Additionally, affiliate figures show that most of the research was conducted in the United States, with China coming in second. This suggests that there may be potential to investigate option pricing in other countries. This article offers a thorough and complete review along with possible implications for future research.
Effect of change in patellofemoral joint contact area by the decrease in vastus medialis muscle activation on joint stress
Authors: Takabayashi_ Tomoya , Mutsuaki Edama , Takuma Inai , Masayoshi Kubo
Published: December 2023

Purpose

Patellofemoral pain syndrome is a common orthopedic trauma among runners. It is unclear whether patellofemoral joint stress (PFJS) is the highest (or lowest) when the knee joint flexion angle and extension moment are in combination under the condition that vastus medialis (VM) activation decreases. This study aimed to investigate the effects of changes in the PFJ contact area by decreasing the activation of the VM muscle on PFJS.

Methods

A PFJ sagittal model was used to quantify PFJ reaction force and PFJS. The PFJ model and mathematical modelling procedure were used to quantify PFJS based on previous studies. The simulation ranges were set to knee joint flexion angles of 10–45 degrees and extension moments of 0–240 Nm. PFJS was calculated for the normal condition (NC) and decrease condition (DC) in VM activation.

Results

When the knee joint angle and knee joint moment were at the maximum, the PFJS showed the maximum value under both conditions (NC; 14.9 N/cm2, DC; 16.4 N/cm2). PFJS was found to be higher in DC than that in NC for all simulation ranges.

Conclusions

Decreased VM activation may be involved in the mechanism of patellofemoral pain syndrome. In addition, the results of this study provide evidence that clinicians can enhance VM to relieve pain in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome.
The viscoelasticity, anisotropy and location-dependence of mechanical properties of rabbit iris investigated using uniaxial tensile tests
Authors: Tan Li  , Xiao Qin  , Zhicheng Liu  , Haixia Zhang  , Lin Li
Published: December 2023

Purpose

Abnormal iris mechanical properties have been considered to be an important cause of pupillary-block and angle-closure glaucoma. In this research, viscoelasticity, anisotropy and location-dependence of mechanical properties of rabbit iris were investigated using uniaxial tensile test.

Methods

Iris strips were taken along three directions: inner-circumferential direction (ICD), outer-circumferential direction (OCD) and radial direction (RD), respectively. Quasi-static tensile tests and stress-relaxation tests were applied on the iris strips. Then the stress-stretch data was fitted with third order Ogden model; the stress-relaxation data was fitted with the third order Prony series model. Through comparing the tangent modulus and relaxation limit of the strips from different directions and locations, the viscoelasticity, anisotropy and location-dependence of mechanical properties of rabbit iris were explored.

Results

The tangent moduli of iris at the stretch of 1.05 along ICD, OCD, and RD were 3.2 ± 1.4 kPa, 4.2 ± 2.6 kPa and 1.5 ± 0.8 kPa, respectively. Iris strips in ICD and OCD were found to have almost the same stress-relaxation behavior, and both relaxed slower than iris strips in RD.

Conclusions

The mechanical properties of the iris were nonlinear, viscoelastic, anisotropic and location-dependent. The stress growth rate of the circumferential direction iris strip is significantly lower than that of RD, and the stress relaxation rate is significantly higher than that of RD. That is, the iris is more prone to deformation in RD. This study can provide more precise iris material parameters for exploring the mechanical causes of pupillary-block.
Effects of eliminating visual cues on kinetic and kinematic parameters in back tuck somersault: A comparison between artistic gymnasts and parkour athletes
Authors: Abahnini Nour Mohamed , Abahnini Khemais , Mkaouer Bessem
Published: December 2023

Purpose

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of vision (i.e., open and closed eyes) on the kinetic and kinematic parameters of the standing back tuck somersault (SBTS) in artistic gymnasts and parkour athletes.

Methods

Eleven male parkour athletes (age 22.53 ± 2.36 years; height 1.72 ± 0.08 m; weight 69.58 ± 3.72 kg) and seven male artistic gymnasts (age 21.96 ± 2.64 years; height 1.62 ± 0.02 m; weight 63.54 ± 1.35 kg) participated in this study. Each subject was asked to perform the SBTS in the same condition (i.e., first open-eyes then closed-eyes). 2D kinetic and kinematic analysis was conducted.

Results

The results showed significant interaction (i.e., vision and sport) obtained at the take-off angle (p < 0.05 and d = 1.992), horizontal displacement (p < 0.05 and d = 1.906) and technical execution (p < 0.05 and d = 1.972). This interaction indicates that when vision is permitted, artistic gymnasts and parkour athletes were similar in all kinetic and kinematic parameters, and technical execution (p > 0.05). However, the elimination of vision during SBTS only affected parkour athletes (i.e., landing angle, ground reaction force, vertical velocity and technical execution, p < 0.05 and d >1.20) while artistic gymnasts remain unchanged.

Conclusions

We conclude that the specificity of the practice in each of the two sports disciplines influences the kinetic and kinematic control of the SBTS and suggests that with closed-eyes, the integration of afferent information relating to the vestibular and proprioceptive systems is different and specific to each discipline’s goal. Artistic gymnasts seem to be better skilled in the mechanical and technical control of the SBTS than parkour athletes.
Variability of foot growth in width in relation to length among 3-year-old girls and boys
Authors: Puszczałowska-Lizis Ewa , Lizis Sabina , Mikuľáková Wioletta
Published: December 2023

Purpose

The aim of the study was to analyze the length and width of the feet and the mutual rate of growth of these features in 3-year-old girls and boys classified into age categories taking into account the semi-annual division.

Methods

The study covered 800 children (400 girls and 400 boys) aged 3. The CQ-ST podoscope was applied as the research tool. The data were analyzed based on Student’s t test for independent samples, Mann-Whitney U test, Wilcoxon test and simple regression.

Results

There were statistically significant differences in the width of the right and left feet, for both girls (1st group: p<0.001; 2nd group: p=0.006) and boys (1st group: p<0.001; 2nd group: p<0.001), in the absence of differences in length. In the regression models created for the results of girls and boys classified into age categories, the coefficients of determination ranged from R2=0.24 to R2=0.48.

Conclusions

The right and left feet of the examined girls and boys are characterized by symmetry in terms of length, while in terms of width, the left feet are larger than the right ones. In girls, the width of the foot increases proportionally by about 67-69% of the length, while in boys the increase in foot width is 49-61% of the growth in length. In boys classified to the 2nd group, the growth of the foot in width in relation to its lenght in length is smaller than in the 1st group.
Organized Crime and Politics in Jamaica
Authors: Harriott Anthony
Published: December 2023

The relationship between politics and crime has stimulated the curiosities of criminologists, who understand crime, and political scientists, who understand the nature of the political system. In this volume, an attempt is made to bridge both lines of inquiry. An analysis is extended to explore two critical aspects of the problem: political corruption and party financing. The analysis of these two aspects captures the long, deep and troubling relationship between crime and politics. An attempt is made to press the discussion beyond an analysis of the problem to approaches to solving it.
Tropical Moduli Spaces of Rational Graphically Stable Curves
Authors: Fry Andy
Published: December 2023

The tropical moduli space $\mathcal{M}_{0,n}^{\textrm{trop}}$ is a cone complex which parameterizes leaf-labeled metric trees called tropical curves. We introduce graphic stability and describe a refinement of the cone complex given by radial alignment. We prove that given a complete multipartite graph $\Gamma$, the moduli space of radially aligned $\Gamma$-stable tropical curves can be given the structure of a balanced fan. This fan structure coincides with the Bergman fan of the cycle matroid of $\Gamma$.
Some Exact Results for Non-Degenerate Generalized Turán Problems
Authors: Gerbner Dániel
Published: December 2023

The generalized Turán number $\mathrm{ex}(n,H,F)$ is the maximum number of copies of $H$ in $n$-vertex $F$-free graphs. We consider the case where $\chi(H)<\chi(F)$. There are several exact results on $\mathrm{ex}(n,H,F)$ when the extremal graph is a complete $(\chi(F)-1)$-partite graph. We obtain multiple exact results with other kinds of extremal graphs.
Chromatic Polynomials of 2-Edge-Coloured Graphs
Authors: Beaton Iain , Cox Danielle , Duffy Christopher , Zolkavich Nicole
Published: December 2023

Using the definition of colouring of $2$-edge-coloured graphs derived from 2-edge-coloured graph homomorphism, we extend the definition of chromatic polynomial to 2-edge-coloured graphs. We find closed forms for the first three coefficients of this polynomial that generalize the known results for the chromatic polynomial of a graph. We classify those graphs that admit a 2-edge-colouring for which the chromatic polynomial of the graph and the chromatic polynomial of the 2-edge-colouring is equal. Finally, we examine the behaviour of the roots of this polynomial, highlighting behaviours not seen in chromatic polynomials of graphs.
Thoracic Ultrasound: A Narrative Literature Review
Authors: Atikanur  , Indi Esha
Published: December 2023

Ultrasonography (USG) is useful in diagnosing abnormalities in the thoracic area, such as pleural effusion, pneumothorax, consolidation, atelectasis, pulmonary edema, etc. The advantages of thoracic ultrasound are low cost, non-radiation, non-invasive, easy to carry, short examination time, and a dynamic aspect that can be seen during the examination. Thoracic ultrasound can be used to guide thoracentesis procedures, chest tube placement, and aspiration of lung abscesses. Ultrasound can be substituted as a computed tomography scan (CT-Scan) as a guide for aspiration and biopsy of the lung parenchyma, pleura, and chest wall. Portable and compact ultrasonography provides the opportunity for ultrasound examinations to become a routine part of an examination, like a stethoscope. Ultrasonography also has limitations in patients with subcutaneous emphysema, peripheral edema, and obesity. Ultrasound examination is very dependent on the experience and abilities of the operator.
Effect of Column Variables on the Effective Mass Transfer Area and Efficiency in Packed Column
Authors: Kemboi Martin , Agullo Januarius , Mbuge Duncan O.
Published: December 2023

Carbon dioxide, a component gas in biogas, not only lowers its calorific value but is a greenhouse gas contributing to global warming. To increase the calorific value, the raw gas is upgraded by sequestrating 〖CO〗_2 in a packed absorption column using a reactive solvent. This study investigates the effect of the effective mass transfer area a_e, on the column efficiency considering a select set of column variables. These variables are the gas and solvent superficial velocities, solvent concentration and 〖CO〗_2 concentration in the raw gas. The column was randomly packed using glass spheres of equal diameter. Experimental results showed that the column efficiency is a function of the effective area a_e, which is greatly influenced by the solvent superficial velocity and the solvent concentration while carbon dioxide concentration in the gas feed has least effect. From these findings, high column efficiency is attained at high ratios of solvent to gas superficial velocities due to the increased value of the effective area, created by the increase in turbulence in the liquid phase