bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SHARP: fast incremental context-sensitive pointer analysis for Java
Authors: Liu Bozhen , Huang Jeff
Published: April 2022

We present SHARP, an incremental context-sensitive pointer analysis algorithm that scales to real-world large complex Java programs and can also be efficiently parallelized. To our knowledge, SHARP is the first algorithm to tackle context-sensitivity in the state-of-the-art incremental pointer analysis (with regards to code modifications including both statement additions and deletions), which applies to both k-CFA and k-obj. To achieve it, SHARP tackles several technical challenges: soundness, redundant computations, and parallelism to improve scalability without losing precision. We conduct an extensive empirical evaluation of SHARP on large and popular Java projects and their code commits, showing impressive performance improvement: our incremental algorithm only requires on average 31 seconds to handle a real-world code commit for k-CFA and k-obj, which has comparable performance to the state-of-the-art incremental context-insensitive pointer analysis. Our parallelization further improves the performance and enables SHARP to finish within 18 seconds per code commit on average on an eight-core machine.
A Novel Deep Auto-Encoder Based Linguistics Clustering Model for Social Text
Authors: Akram Muhammad Waseem , Salman Muhammad , Bashir Muhammad Farrukh , Salman Syed Muhammad Saad , Gadekallu Thippa Reddy , Javed Abdul Rehman
Published: April 2022

The wide adoption of media and social media has increased the amount of digital content to an enormous level. Natural language processing (NLP) techniques provide an opportunity to extract and explore meaningful information from a large amount of text. Among natural languages,
Urdu
is one of the widely used languages worldwide for spoken and written communications. Due to its wide adopt-ability, digital content in the Urdu language is increasing briskly, especially with social media and online NEWS feeds. Government agencies and advertisers must filter and understand the content to analyze the trends and cohorts in their interest and national prerogative.
Clustering
is considered a baseline and one of the first steps in natural language understanding. There are many state-of-the-art clustering techniques specifically for English, French, and Arabic, but no significant research has been conducted in Urdu language processing. Doing it for short text segments is challenging because of limited features and the absence of meaningful language discourse and nuance. Many rule-based NLP techniques are adopted to overcome these issues, relying on human-designed features and rules. Therefore, these methods do not promise remarkable results. Alongside NLP, deep learning techniques are pretty efficient in capturing contextual information with minimal noise compared to other traditional methods. By taking on this challenging job, we develop a deep learning-based technique for Urdu short text clustering for the very first time without a human-designed feature. In this paper, we propose a method of short text clustering using a deep neural network that automatically learns feature representations and clustering assignments simultaneously. This method learns clustering objectives by converting the high dimensional feature space to a low dimensional feature space. Our experiments on the Urdu NEWS headlines dataset show remarkable results compared to state-of-the-art methods.
CoPhy
-PGNN: Learning Physics-guided Neural Networks with Competing Loss Functions for Solving Eigenvalue Problems
Authors: Elhamod Mohannad , Bu Jie , Singh Christopher , Redell Matthew , Ghosh Abantika , Podolskiy Viktor , Lee Wei-Cheng , Karpatne Anuj
Published: April 2022

Physics-guided Neural Networks (PGNNs) represent an emerging class of neural networks that are trained using physics-guided (PG) loss functions (capturing violations in network outputs with known physics), along with the supervision contained in data. Existing work in PGNNs has demonstrated the efficacy of adding single PG loss functions in the neural network objectives, using constant tradeoff parameters, to ensure better generalizability. However, in the presence of multiple PG functions with competing gradient directions, there is a need to
adaptively
tune the contribution of different PG loss functions during the course of training to arrive at generalizable solutions. We demonstrate the presence of competing PG losses in the generic neural network problem of solving for the lowest (or highest) eigenvector of a physics-based eigenvalue equation, which is commonly encountered in many scientific problems. We present a novel approach to handle competing PG losses and demonstrate its efficacy in learning generalizable solutions in two motivating applications of quantum mechanics and electromagnetic propagation. All the code and data used in this work are available at https://github.com/jayroxis/Cophy-PGNN.
Am I a Resource-Poor Language? Data Sets, Embeddings, Models and Analysis for four different NLP Tasks in Telugu Language
Authors: Marreddy Mounika , Oota Subba Reddy , Vakada Lakshmi Sireesha , Chinni Venkata Charan , Mamidi Radhika
Published: April 2022

Due to the lack of a large annotated corpus, many resource-poor Indian languages struggle to reap the benefits of recent deep feature representations in
Natural Language Processing (NLP)
. Moreover, adopting existing language models trained on large English corpora for Indian languages is often limited by data availability, rich morphological variation, syntax, and semantic differences. In this paper, we explore the traditional to recent efficient representations to overcome the challenges of a low resource language, Telugu. In particular, our main objective is to mitigate the low-resource problem for Telugu. Overall, we present several contributions to a resource-poor language viz. Telugu. (i) a large annotated data (35,142 sentences in each task) for multiple NLP tasks such as sentiment analysis, emotion identification, hate-speech detection, and sarcasm detection, (ii) we create different lexicons for sentiment, emotion, and hate-speech for improving the efficiency of the models, (iii) pretrained word and sentence embeddings, and (iv) different pretrained language models for Telugu such as
ELMo-Te
,
BERT-Te
,
RoBERTa-Te
,
ALBERT-Te
, and
DistilBERT-Te
on a large Telugu corpus consisting of 8,015,588 sentences (1,637,408 sentences from Telugu Wikipedia and 6,378,180 sentences crawled from different Telugu websites). Further, we show that these representations significantly improve the performance of four NLP tasks and present the benchmark results for Telugu. We argue that our pretrained embeddings are competitive or better than the existing multilingual pretrained models:
mBERT
,
XLM-R
, and
IndicBERT
. Lastly, the fine-tuning of pretrained models show higher performance than linear probing results on four NLP tasks with the following F1-scores: Sentiment (68.72), Emotion (58.04), Hate-Speech (64.27), and Sarcasm (77.93). We also experiment on publicly available Telugu datasets (Named Entity Recognition, Article Genre Classification, and Sentiment Analysis) and find that our Telugu pretrained language models (
BERT-Te
and
RoBERTa-Te
) outperform the state-of-the-art system except for the sentiment task. We open-source our corpus, four different datasets, lexicons, embeddings, and code  https://github.com/Cha14ran/DREAM-T. The pretrained Transformer models for Telugu are available at  https://huggingface.co/ltrctelugu.
Jointly Optimizing Expressional and Residual Models for 3D Facial Expression Removal
Authors: Zheng Qian , Wang Yueming , Hu Zhenfang , Zhang Xiaobo , Wu Zhaohui , Pan Gang
Published: April 2022

This article proposes a facial expression removal method to recover a 3D neutral face from a single 3D expressional or non-neutral face. We treat a 3D non-neutral face as the sum of its neutral one and the residual. This can be satisfied if the correspondence between 3D vertices of expressional faces and those of neutral faces is established. We propose a non-rigid deformation method to establish the correspondence between 3D faces. Then, according to algebra inequality, the minimization of a neutral face model can be replaced by the minimization of its upper bound, i.e., the errors of an expressional face model and a residual model. Thus, we co-optimize the representation errors of the latter two models and build the relationship between the representation coefficients of the two models. Given an expressional face as the input, its corresponding neutral face can be inferred by the associative representation parameters in these two models. In the testing stage, we use an iterative joint fitting scheme to obtain a more accurate recovery. Extensive experiments are conducted to evaluate our method. The results show that our method obtains considerably better performance than existing methods in terms of average root mean square errors and recognition rates, and also better visual effects.
Influence of Deposition Conditions on Properties of Ta2O5 Films Deposited by Ion Beam Sputtering Coating Technique
Authors: Gangalakurti Laxminarayana , Venugopal Reddy K , Y.S. Ravi kumar M V , Chhabra I M , Varaprasad Sreerama
Published: April 2022

Investigation of deposition conditions on structural, optical, and surface properties of Tantalum pentaoxide (Ta2O5) thin films deposited without assisted ion beam (Single Ion Beam Sputtering technique, SIBS) and with assisted ion beam (Dual Ion Beam Sputtering technique, DIBS) is carried out. For both SIBS and DIBS identical coating process conditions are applied for deposition of Ta2O5 films onto highly polished and clean, fused silica substrates. Estimation of deposition rates of Ta2O5 with identical beam energies and coating chamber conditions is done. Benefits of O2 assist beam on the behavior of structural, optical, and surface properties of thin films deposited are studied. The films are characterized with an ellipsometer, optical profilometer, XRD, FE-SEM, and XPS techniques to bring the merits films coated of Ion Beam Sputtering deposition with and without assist Ion Beam. Configuration of ion sources and targets in the coating chamber for DIBS of oxide targets is carried out in the present work are useful for multi-layer coatings for high reflectivity mirrors for electro-optical instruments like ring laser-based rotation sensors.
Satellite Internet Communication: A Race with Contemporary Optical Fiber Network with the Help of SPT Algorithm
Authors: Preet Shiv
Published: April 2022

The internet is the backbone of today’s digital world. A cobweb of fiber optics/wireless towers have been spread all over the globe for internet access in every nook and corner of the globe. Though fiber optics is a very costly affair, major industries are still opting for fiber network instead of satellite communication. Satellites can be placed in three different orbits for connectivity. These are LEO, MEO, and GEO. Despite so much advancement in the space technologies, satellite broadband is still in its infancy stage. This paper reviews why fiber optics have been the choice of technology giants instead of satellite communications. This paper also discusses various difficulties in implementation of satellite broadband and the implementation of the Starlink project for satellite broadband. This paper also sheds light on how the SPT (Squeeze Pack and Transfer) compression algorithm helps in improving internet implementation using satellite communication.
Improving the Carbon Footprint of Managing Food and Packaging Waste in the Food Industries
Authors: Aravamudhan Varadaraj , Sengodan Ananth , Mohanraj Prasanna , Balaji SG
Published: April 2022

This study's objective is to examine waste management systems for the food sector, to identify longer lasting and circular processes. In a particular case study, a food industry waste management system was assessed and improved. To collect information and data from Lean Six Sigma, the DMAIC (Define – Measure – Analysis – Improved – Control) Model was employed. A carbon footprint was calculated to determine the waste management system's sustainable development and to compare the consequences of various CO2 waste disposal technologies for each category. The food business makes a sizable contribution to waste production in a consumer society. Food businesses are critical in addressing resource efficiency and waste prevention concerns. The circular economy and retail have begun to take this path as a significant alternative to the standard business paradigm. In the food business, a new waste management system has been implemented that has demonstrated enhanced performance. Our comparison of various waste treatment methods, particularly in the circular economy, emphasizes the importance of recycling. We then concentrated on organic material and compared their composability and anaerobic digestion to the category of garbage. Anaerobic digestion has been shown to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Other food businesses can manage similar improvement programs directly without duplicating the analysis. Future study on biogas and other organic waste by products will benefit from our findings. Lean Six Sigma and other environmental technologies could be integrated into the circular economy.
Influence on the Organizational Performance of Sustainability Management Practices
Authors: Aravamudhan Varadaraj , Sengodan Ananth , Mohanraj Prasanna , SG Balaji
Published: April 2022

The objective of this review is to investigate the connection between the two variables among an association's management commitment and its environmental responsibility. The study gathered data from a variety of medium-to large-sized enterprises. The data was collected using a website of various organizations. The pilot test and questionnaire were conducted in personal interviews with some senior managers. The goal is to raise the performance of seven distinct sustainability metrics, organizations employ eight sustainability performance management practices (SPMPs) (SPIs). There is a connection between consumer satisfaction, innovation, and the performance of interactions SPMP, while four other performance indicators are linked to various sustainable performance management practices, according to the study (environment, social, and financial performance are intertwined in the value of employees). Overall, the results show a strong link between students' increased focus on their individual SPMPs and higher performance on at least one of the SPIs.
Performance Analysis of Interconnection Networks Using a Novel Metric
Authors: Kovuri Karthik , Jena Sudarson , Venu Gopal T
Published: April 2022

Multiprocessor is a handling device within any event with two preparing units sharing the access. The primary reason for employing the multiprocessor includes dealing with undertakings during a consistent way while as yet supporting the framework's performance. Interconnection Networks are hub to hub associations produced using single processor or a gaggle of processing units. These connections permit data to be moved from one processor to resulting or from memory to processor, permitting the errand to be isolated and assessed similarly. Hypercube frameworks are a sort of device topography that connects various processing units with the memory modules and correctly course the data. Hypercubes are frequently seen as a chart with hubs and edges, with every hub including a processing unit and each link addressing a relation among the processing units to send information. In this paper, a bunch of multiprocessor interconnection network designs are thought of and their performance is assessed with the help of a totally extraordinary proposed metric. The normal upsides of the boundaries like diameter, degree, speed, inclusion of hubs, and loss of packets at that point on are considered to arrive at the proposed metric "Performance Index" with the help of a legitimized weight metric. Non-linear regression system is utilized to assess the exact upsides of the performance index of different multiprocessor hypercube interconnection networks. These qualities are contrasted with a summary of the productive variation reasonable for a wide choice of multiprocessing applications.
Design Optimization of 3-DOF Hybrid Manipulator
Authors: Darvekar Sanjay K , Ganesh S. Shankar , Rao A. B. Koteswara
Published: April 2022

Studies related to reachable workspace, inverse kinematics, and best dimensions of 3-DOF Hybrid Manipulator (HM) are presented in this paper. This mechanism possesses both serial and parallel links. A third revolute joint is added in the five-linkage structure having two actuated revolute joints. The third revolute joint is added in such a way that its axis should pass through the axes of the two actuated revolute joints. This produces a structure called a hybrid mechanism consisting of parallel and serial links. The inverse kinematics analysis is implemented for obtaining the joint positions of the HM. The reachable workspace of the manipulator is found using inverse kinematic equations, and finally, the Global Conditioning Index (GCI) is used for optimization to find the optimal dimensions of the HM. The corresponding dimensions obtained based on the optimization by considering maximum GCI as an objective gives the best dimensions that are free from singularities. Here optimization is carried using Genetic Algorithms (GAs).
Phytotoxicity of Silver Nanoparticles on Growth of Cicer Arietinum L: A Sustainable Alternative Using Green Synthesis
Authors: Anju T R
Published: April 2022

The high usage of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) increased its release to environment resulting in toxicity which necessitates a sustainable synthesis route. In the present study, we examined the impact of chemically synthesized AgNPs and green synthesized AgNPs from Aloe vera leaf extract on germination and growth of Cicer arietinum L. The results clearly showed that a high concentration of chemically synthesized AgNPs can completely inhibit seed germination in presence of water alone, but the change of anchorage to agar medium slightly increased the germination rate. The presence of green synthesized AgNPs showed no germination inhibition and growth parameters like biomass, shoot, and root growth were observed to be significantly higher than normal. This clearly showed that green synthesized AgNPs can effectively overcome the phytotoxicity of chemically synthesized AgNPs. Our results deliver a sustainable approach for the synthesis of silver nanoparticle with possible potential in the nano-agriculture sector for crop improvement.
Using Classification Data Mining for Predicting Student Performance
Authors: Sajja Guna Sekhar , Pallathadka Harikumar , Phasinam Khongdet , Ray Samrat
Published: April 2022

To remain competitive in today's competitive world, an institution must be able to anticipate student performance, classify people according to their talents, and motivate students to improve their performance on future tests. If you want to improve your academic performance, you should inform your pupils well in advance that they should concentrate their efforts on a certain subject. These kind of analyses assist institutions in lowering their failure rates. This research forecasts a student's success in a course using their previous performance in comparable courses. Using a variety of data mining methods, it is possible to uncover hidden patterns within massive data sets. These patterns may be highly valuable for analysis and predictions. Educational data mining is a term that refers to a collection of data mining applications that have been created for educational purposes. These systems examine the data of students and instructors in order to deliver relevant information. Analyses may be used to classify or predict. These include Random Forest, ID3, C4.5, and SVM, among others. The experimental investigation makes use of a student data set from UCI machinery.Keywords: Machine Learning, Data Mining, Classification, SVM, Student Performance
Consulting Business Workflow and Design Performance Metrics for BIM Based Construction Design in Nigeria
Authors: Fagbenro Rasaki Kolawole , Oyediran Olukayode Sunday , Onososen Adetayo Olugbenga
Published: April 2022

Extant literature has confirmed the unavoidability of changes to the design of construction projects. These changes have also been identified as major reasons for project cost, quality, and time failure. Despite BIM’s documented capabilities to enhance project success, its implementation remains unsatisfactory in Nigeria. This paper, therefore, examines the impacts of BIM-based design workflow in consulting business on construction project design performance. Using questionnaire as the research instrument, quantitative survey research was adopted to collect data from consulting organizations. Analysis revealed sequential and concurrent workflows as the most used and preferred, respectively. Design coordination, information, and communication are enhanced with sequential workflow within a firm, while concurrent metrics are enhanced when collaborating with other firms. Both workflows are jointly declared suitable for the timely delivery of designs. The study, therefore, recommended retraining of professionals on sequential and concurrent workflows because of their appropriateness for efficient design within and among firms.
Health Drink for Immunity Boost Up - A Case Study of Delhi-NCR, India
Authors: Girdharwal Nitin , Jain Harshi , Tyagi Geetika , Kush Divyansh , Tyagi Mohit , Gangwar Gaurav
Published: April 2022

In this research paper, we attempted to discover the sound beverages or healthy drinks for immunity boost up that the vast majority liked to drink during the hour of the pandemic to improve their invulnerability. From different wellbeing drinks, we pick milk items to make our exploration. Because of COVID-19 and lockdown, we utilized just a single technique to direct the review. Our primary target to lead this review was to think about the view of customers towards wellbeing beverages which can boost the immunity, what was the impact of COVID-19 on the acquisition of these items, is shopper mindful of the elements of the item, and so on. Method: Descriptive and exploratory research methodology is utilized in this research paper. Random simple sampling is used as sampling method. In general, 207 purchasers filled our overview survey. Chi–Square Test and Google form are the tools that are utilized in data interpretation. Conclusion: We discovered the after effects of our inquiries through their answers in the Delhi-NCR region. The existing epidemiological evidence suggests that the consumption of healthy drink contributes to protection against allergies and infections.
Application of Augmented Reality Technology for Home Healthcare Product Visualization
Authors: K B Ashwini , R Savitha , H Ananya
Published: April 2022

A user manual is a document which is intended to guide the user about the product usage and its detailed safety precautions. The difficulty in understanding home healthcare products, which is in the form of printed media in user manuals, led to an idea of conceptualizing it into a digital platform and providing better understanding experience to the product users. In order to achieve this, exact 3D model of the product is required. Animation has to be applied to exactly match the real-time working and usage of the model. The existence of a strong technological innovation like Augmented Reality (AR), which blends virtual and real world by making use of computer visual based recognition algorithms to enhance sound, video, graphics, and other sensory inputs embedded within an application, is used. The paper presents the innovative concept pulse oximeter, which will be shown as an augmented user guide for the product.
Decolorization of Reactive Black 5 by Immobilized Bacterial Cells
Authors: Vinayak Ankita , Singh Gajendra Bahadur
Published: April 2022

Azo dyes are xenobiotic contaminants that pose a substantial risk to environmental and human health. The study investigates biodecolorization potential of immobilized bacterial cells. Newly isolated bacterial cells were immobilized with two support matrices viz. sodium alginate and magnetite nanoparticles for the decolorization of model azo dye - reactive black 5. The bacterial cells coated with magnetic nanoparticles displayed complete decolorization of dye (100 ppm) in 16 h, while cells immobilized in sodium alginate beads required more time for complete removal of dye (24 h). Coated bacterial cells exhibited stable decolorization with repeated use for 12 cycles. However, due to destabilization of sodium alginate beads and subsequent cell leaching, stable decolorization was observed until 3rd cycle only. Nanoparticles coated bacterial cells offer the advantage of easy separation, allowing the cells to be reused for multiple cycles. Biodecolorized medium was analyzed by UV-Vis spectroscopy and FTIR techniques. The magnetic nanoparticles and coated bacterial cells were characterized through XRD and SEM, respectively. Overall results indicate that magnetite nanoparticles coated bacterial cells could be an effective tool for the decolorization of azo dyes.
Impact of Climate Change on the Labor Market
Authors: S Sangeetha , S Usha
Published: April 2022

Greenhouse gases have far-ranging environmental and health effects. They cause climate change by trapping heat and they also contribute to respiratory disease from smog and air pollution. Extreme weather, food supply disruptions, and increased wildfires are other effects of climate change caused by greenhouse gases. In turn, climate change has increased the risk to workers’ health and safety. Workers, especially those who work outdoors or in hot indoor environments, are also at increased risk of heat stress and other heat-related disorders, besides occupational injuries and reduced productivity at work. This article aims at contributing to this discussion by means of qualitative analysis and find out how climate change affects the labor market and its various implications on the workforce.
In-silico Functional Prediction of Proteomic Data Obtained from Perinatal Human Amniotic Membrane Used as Tissue Regeneration Transplant
Authors: Rai Ashish Jagannath , Shetty Ashmitha Kishan , Selvappa Shivani , Latha Manasa Biligowda
Published: April 2022

Human amniotic membrane (hAM) and its derivatives also express similar characteristics and advantages as the bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells and exhibit a multilineage differentiation capability. The major advantages of using hAM in regenerative medicine are its accessibility and the fact that the use of hAM is ethically acceptable, since placenta is usually disposed of after birth, and have no risk of tumorigenicity. The use of allogenic hAM as a therapeutic biomaterial requires more elaborate clinical testing and comprehensive analysis to address the concerns regarding its accurate function, optimal dosage, biovariability among donors, and drug/scaffold formulation. The findings of the current study contribute to a better understanding of the hAM, its functions, and may also provide the foundation for advanced studies on its composition and function, investigating its full potential to strengthen the fact that amniotic membrane is undeniably a reservoir of elements facilitating regeneration and repair.
Performance Analysis of Optimal Analog Beamforming with Modified ESPRIT DOA Estimation Algorithm for MIMO NOMA System Over Rayleigh Fading Channel
Authors: R Yuvaraj , Y. V. Aravind Kumar
Published: April 2022

In this paper, anefficient DOA estimation multi-input multi-output non-orthogonal Multiple Access (MIMO NOMA) system based on analog beamforming with modified ESPRIT (M-ESPRIT) algorithm is considered to minimize interference under the Rayleigh fading channel. Materials and Methods: An innovative Modified ESPRIT Direction of Arrival (M-ESPRIT DOA) estimation algorithm is used for user detection and to establish efficient communication. The proposed M-ESPRIT algorithm is compared with the existing MUSIC algorithm for a sample size of 20, taken for each group. Results: The performance of analog beamforming based MIMO NOMA system is measured in terms of capacity vs. Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR). The increased signal values due to the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) method, while focusing on the desired user reduces the interference. From the simulation result, the mean capacity of the MIMO NOMA with MUSIC algorithm at 10dB SNR is 6 bps/Hz and at 20 dB SNR is 12 bps/Hz with 20 element antenna array and with 30 element array, capacity at 10 dB SNR is 11 bps/Hz while at 20 dB is 21 bps/Hz. With the M-ESPRIT algorithm, capacity at 10 dB SNR is 8 bps/Hz and at 20 dB SNR is 15 bps/Hz with 20 element antenna array and with 30 element array, capacity at 10 dB SNR is 12 bps/Hz and at 20 dB SNR is 24 bps/Hz.
Transfer Characteristics Analysis of Single Electron Transistor
Authors: Mishra Brijendra , Gangwar Arun , Kushwah Vivek Singh , Sharma Rishi
Published: April 2022

Single Electron Transistor is often referred to as a nanometer scale because it can be made very small and can detect the movement of individual electrons. However, the SET has a high input impedance, low voltage gain, and is sensitive to random background charges. The Transfer characteristics features of a SET are calculated by analyzing the different resistance of the tunnels and the tunneling capacitance. Tunneling method is considering a stochastic process, and the state master equation is solving to calculate the free energy change. There are some unusual variations that set the limit for parallel circuit parameters for proper operation. The SET can maintain its scalability and control the movement of individual electrons. In this paper, we have provided a comparative and simulated study of standard CMOS device, SET and hybrid circuits such as a switched capacitor filter.
Formulation and Evaluation of Pravastatin Sodium Rapid Dissolving Films Using Various Hydrophilic Polymers
Authors: Soujanya C , Lakshmi Satya B
Published: April 2022

The current availability of a variety of novel oral administration technologies has enabled more effective pharmacokinetic and physicochemical investigations along with improved patient compliance. Typical solid-dosage formulations were replaced with rapid-dissolving films. An oral film dosage form that dissolves or disintegrates quickly in the mouth without the need for water is referred to as an "oral rapid dissolving film." The main objective of this study was to use the solvent casting method to explore rapid dissolving films of Pravastatin sodium using certain hydrophilic polymers, such as various grades of HPMC, PVA, and Ocimum basilicum mucilage powder. Various evaluation parameters were performed to the prepared films, including appearance, weight variation, thickness, folding endurance, moisture uptake, content homogeneity, and an in vitro disintegration and dissolution test. For stability testing, the optimized formulation was kept. The FTIR data revealed that there was no incompatibility between the medication and the polymers, and that all of the parameters were within the acceptable limits. FP9 (PVA 0.5%, OB 1.5 %) disintegrated the fastest of all the formulations, and the films remained stable. As a result, it may be stated that the Pravastatin sodium rapid dissolving films are possibly effective in treatment of hyperlipediemia with a rapid onset of action.
Convective Diffusive Mass Transfer in Occular Region Modelled as Layered Tissue Structure
Authors: S Jagadeesha , R Indira , K Madhura , K V Venkataswamy
Published: April 2022

The human eye is a multi-layered structure consisting of different fluid-filled tissues. This is the present problem modelled as a five-layered fluid-filled porous structure for understanding convective diffusive mass transfer. The drug is introduced at the outer boundary in the form of drops or gel and allowed to diffuse through the multi-layered structure to reach the last. The physical configuration assumed is made up of five layers representing the eye modelled as a rectangular channel. A chemical reaction is considered in the governing equation. The governing equations of solute transfer are solved analytically assumed matching conditions at the interface and flux at the outer boundary. The results obtained are graphically presented.
Theoretical Studies of One Dimensional DNA Templated Silica/Metal Oxides, Graphite Oxide Photonic Crystals
Authors: G S Bhagyasree , B Nithyaja
Published: April 2022

We have designed one dimensional photonic crystals of Silica /Metal oxides (Alumina and ZnO), Silica/Graphite oxide on DNA template and investigated their optical responses in the 200 -2000 nm region of electromagnetic wave spectra theoretically using transfer matrix method (TMM). It is observed that in the presence of DNA template, the number, width and position of the photonic band gap are changed significantly. These results point that DNA templated proposed photonic crystals can be used for tuning the bandgap for desired spectra. This feature of DNA templated photonic crystals can be used for enhancing the transmission properties of photonic crystals. By tuning the bandgap effect for the desired frequency, the DNA templated photonic crystals can be applied for sensing the biomarkers. The theoretical results show that the DNA templated Silica based photonic crystals will be a promise for cost effective and fast responding label free biosensing applications.
Antecedents of Retail Investor’s Perceived Value in an IPO Investment
Authors: R Satish , S Saravanan
Published: April 2022

Understanding the value perceived from an investment vehicle holds the key towards the intention of considering the same for making investment decisions. Even though there is no universally accepted or agreed understanding on how to know the perceived value in an investment, the same can be characterized through certain relationships that can prove effective considering the circumstances and the environment of the study. The purpose of this research article to bring in a relationship can characterize the study variable perceived value through its antecedents. The antecedents considered in the research are perceived risk and perceived benefits. Also the perceived risk is measured through distrust on the issuer, volatility in the returns, regulatory issues or regulators failure, consequences of the risky investment, and the poor knowledge/information about the issue. The study is done in Indian context in city of Chennai, Bangalore, and Hyderabad.
Digital and Innovative Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Uzbekistan
Authors: Bakhronova Dilrabo , Omonov Qudratulla
Published: April 2022

The pandemic has become a unique test of the power of international cooperation, manifested not only in the exchange of experience on epidemiological and organizational issues, but also in mutual financial, economic, and food assistance among the population. In this regard, it has become clear in Uzbekistan that it is difficult to fully ensure national security, especially human security, by eradicating the coronavirus only within the country. During the pandemic, international organizations provided the necessary assistance to Uzbekistan, and in 2020, $2.7 billion directed by international and foreign financial institutions, such as the Asian Development Bank, the World Bank, and the Japan International Cooperation Agency. The financial institutions will provide health care to fight the pandemic and have allocated $277 million to the storage health sector, sources said. The COVID-19 pandemic in the social context has significantly affected the population due to the great impact that has been generated in all the contexts where the individual develops. Among the problems that can be highlighted due to their level of increase is social inequality, discrimination, exclusion, and violence, among others, being those a reason for people to have effects on their well-being and quality of life. In relation to the aforementioned, this research aimed to analyze COVID-19 in the educational context in Uzbekistan universities and in the methodological context in virtual classes during this pandemic.
Analytic Features of Consumer Free Riding on Carbon Emission and Impact of Dual-Channel Clsc on Environment
Authors: Nawaz Sarforaz , Kumar Duari Nirmal , Chakrabarti Tripti
Published: April 2022

Consumer free riding and the environmental impact of Dual-Channel Closed Loop Supply Chain (CLSC) were explored in this article. There was an extensive examination of the literature and a statistical explanation of various conditions in which people either free ride or do not ride. Electronic commerce (EC) generates revenue for manufacturers. However, the production retailer’s overall fossil fuels (SCE) increase, suggesting that is a government tax (GT) on EC could help reduce both client FR and overall carbon emissions (CE). E-tailers must also receive subsidies from the government, which will help ensure social security. Many intriguing research avenues have emerged from the findings. In an effort to address a need in the literature, this study examines CE in a CLSC system where a producer allocates products via traditional and e-tailer channels and purchases recyclable materials from customers for remanufacturing. A retailer, an e-tailer, or a third-party or multi-party that collects old products might be the focus of future research. A new stochastic demand or lead time model may be a potential field for further investigation.
Blockchain-Based Online Voting System
Authors: R Savitha , K B Ashwini , K Prashanth
Published: April 2022

Digital voting is the use of electronic device, such as voting machines or an internet browser to cast vote. It has disadvantages like security of data and potential attacks such as DoS and DDoS attack. One way to solve these security credentials problems is through the blockchain technology. Blockchain technology embraces a decentralized system and the entire database is owned by many users that overcome the disadvantage of centralized system. The existing system has many security, confidentiality, and anonymity issues. These issues can be resolved by using blockchain technology. Here in the proposed system Ethereum blockchain is used, which enables smart contracts. Smart contracts can be written with solidity, which is object oriented programming language. The outcome of the project is it provides privacy by keeping individual’s vote secret by providing a unique transaction id to each voter. Eligibility is made once to vote and the transaction will be highly secure and encrypted.
An Enhancement in Machine Learning Approaches for Novel Data Mining Serendipitous Drug Usage to Reduce False Positive Rate from Social Media Comparing Word2vec Algorithm
Authors: Suhana S.Sumaya , Ashok Kumar S.
Published: April 2022

The aim is mining serendipitous drug usage to reduce the false-positive rate from social media. Materials and Methods: Two machine learning algorithms Knn classifier with the sample size = 12 and word2vec algorithm with sample size = 12. Results and Discussion: The knn algorithm has shown more accuracy of (93.91%) in reducing the false positive rates when compared with word2vec algorithm accuracy (87.50%). By using the G-power tool, the pre-test calculated with a g-power value = 80% and threshold 0.05% confidence interval of 95% mean and standard deviation. Conclusion: It is found that the knn classifier has more accuracy percentage when compared with the word2vec algorithm.
A Comprehensive Review of Microgrids, Control Strategies, and Microgrid Protection Schemes
Authors: Srinivas Nirupama P , Modi Sangeeta
Published: April 2022

For the greater part of a century, the world has moved to sustainable energy production, with increased dependence on renewable energy resources to meet growing energy demand. Reserves of conventional sources are rapidly depleting, with an environmental crisis due to profligate consumption. Distributed generation through renewable sources and microgrids have proved as sustainable alternatives. Microgrids provide versatile topologies with dispersed generation and provision for expansion. However, the nonconventionality of microgrids pose challenges and the conventional control and protection strategy have proven unsuitable. This paper attempts to be a review of microgrids, challenges, and existing protection schemes. The first segment of this paper presents the definition and overview of the microgrid market scenario. The next segment discusses microgrid classification and control strategies, following which challenges, and protection schemes are reviewed. The paper concludes with an overview of relay coordination, optimization algorithms, and an outline of few international microgrid standards and codes.
A Review on Ayurvedic Non-Carbohydrate Prebiotics
Authors: Anand Shaubhik , Mohan Lalit , Bharadvaja Navneeta
Published: April 2022

Prebiotics facilitates the growth of microorganisms, which makes a healthy gut microbiota, hence known as food for probiotics. They also lower the risk of inflammation and oxidative damage in the gut. Gut enzymes cannot digest prebiotics, so gut microbiota uses their own enzymes to ferment them. Upon their fermentation, SCFAs are produced, which helps to lower the level of pathogenic species. Primary prebiotic sources are carbohydrate-based like inulin, which are present in fiber-based foods. Prebiotics are an essential part of a healthy diet, but their primary sources have a limitation to their consumption. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle through a healthy diet is the key focus in Ayurveda. It highlights the use of non-carbohydrate sources of prebiotics like curcumin, triphala, anthocyanin, licorice, and other such phytochemicals, spices, and supplements. It also describes the health benefits of all the individual components of a balanced meal and their prebiotic potential.
Ethnic Food: The Food Way Forward
Authors: Reddy N Sahana , Fukey Leena N , Wankhar Varynia
Published: April 2022

In the context of food security, two things are significant. To ensure availability, affordability, and accessibility of adequate food to people throughout the country. Also, to promote entrepreneurship for sustainable food production and supply. This paper highlights differences between food security and food insecurity. The global population in 2050 is predicted at 9 billion in which case the output must double considering the dwindling and degrading resources. This may be a challenge for agronomists and policy-makers. Considering that food security must be achieved at individual, household, district, national, and global levels, India may need an Integrated Farming System (IFS) to take agriculture further. There are numerous challenges besides the environment that must be considered for this. It is important to ensure that the dignity of the farmer is not compromised while strategizing food security. Currently, private-public partnerships are being introduced in some places as a potential model. However, all stakeholders in food security have their task cut out (1). This paper is a review of existing literature to understand the level of information we have documented. It tries to highlight ways in which consumption of ethnic food could be a way forward in terms of food security and sustainability.
Estimation of Air Pollutant Dispersion Levels Using AERMOD: A Case Study in Ambattur, Chennai, India
Authors: S Laxmipriya , R M Narayanan , C Malarvizhli , M Mageswari , P Kasinathapandian
Published: April 2022

The present study is proposed to determine the possibility of using AERMOD (Gaussian dispersion air quality model) to estimate the air pollutant levels of Ambattur Municipality, Chennai. Four main pollutants PM10, CO, SO2, and NOx were considered in this study. The metrological data were obtained from CPCB for comparison with the model’s output. The primary pollution sources used in this study were classified as residential, commercial, traffic, and industrial sources. Emission characteristics were taken as source input to estimate the pollutant concentration from the study area based on the Top-Down Approach method (TDA). Results clearly show that the pollutant dispersion concentrations retrieved from the model were much lower than the measured values in all parameters. The values obtained from the model were 5.14% to 76.88% of the measurement values. This could be due to an incomplete source account. However, the model can be used for knowing the pollutant dispersion of the urban area.
A Study of Sustainable Nutrition Security and Agricultural Production in Odisha
Authors: Mohanty Smrutirekha , Mallick Minati
Published: April 2022

The sustainable development goals (SDGs) vision 2030 creates a centralized structure of international collaboration to encourage sustainable development. The challenge for countries around the globe is lack of nutrition, which is vital not only for human growth and development, but also for treatment and prevention of diseases. The second SDG, "End hunger, achieve food security and better nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture," includes nutrition as a key component to enhance healthy, sustainable diets while simultaneously ensuring global food security. Good nutrition is dependent on availability and supply of food. Agriculture is the backbone of all food systems and it is important for ensuring healthy, safe, affordable, and sustainable diets for children. On the other hand, the association between agriculture and nutrition status is far from clear. Agriculture continues to be Odisha’s economic backbone and a key source of livelihood for majority of the state's population, mostly concentrated in rural areas. Researches done in areas of the growing trend of agriculture production and nutritional status of Odisha are generally lacking the interlink between these two. An effort has been made in the present paper to connect these two vital areas of research through Govt. programs (TPDS, MDM, and ICDS), implemented by the Government of Odisha.
Edible Packaging: Food for Thought and Food for the Future
Authors: Guha Neogi Arpita , Upadhyaya Aajnaa , Manokaran Sumathra , Reddy Manjunatha
Published: April 2022

The problem regarding plastic wastes has been recognized as grave in the recent few years and a lot of solutions are surfacing to tackle this issue, one of them being edible packaging which aligns with circular economy. Edible packaging is completely biodegradable, environmentally friendly, increases the shelf life of the food, and hence it is a complete win-win situation. Few countries have already started working on this concept and have made edible coatings out of proteins, lipids, and polysaccharides, thus increasing the nutritional value of the food. Further, studies are being conducted on new raw materials and modifications depending on the demands of the consumers. While developed countries like the USA have already started using edible packages at least on a smaller scale, introducing the concept of edible packages to countries like India is comparatively more challenging. The concept of edible packages is being improved by the addition of nano-based packaging which increases the strength, stability, flexibility of packaging, and barrier properties that are necessary for edible packaging. This review shall mainly focus on the various types of edible packaging and provide an insight into its potential applications in the food industry along with its contribution towards a sustainable environment.