bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VARIABILITY-INDUCED MOTION IN KEPLER DATA
Authors: Makarov Valeri V. , Goldin Alexey
Published: June 2016

Variability-induced motion (VIM) is an observable effect in simultaneous astrometric and photometric measurements caused by brightness variation in one of the components of a double source or blended image, which manifests itself as a strongly correlated shift of the optical photocenter. We have processed the entire collection of Kepler long-cadence light curve data, looking for correlated signals in astrometry and photometry on the time basis of a quarter-year. Limiting the VIM correlation coefficient to 0.3, VIM events are detected for 129,525 Kepler stars in at least one quarter. Of 7305 Kepler objects of interest, 4440 are detected as VIM at least once. Known variable stars and resolved double stars have elevated rates of VIM detection. Confident VIM occurrences are found for stars with suggested superflare events, indicating possible signal contamination. We present a complete catalog of all quarterly VIM detections. This catalog should be checked for such astrophysically significant events as transits of exoplanets, new eclipsing stars, and superflares of solar-type stars.
A PRECISE DETERMINATION OF THE MID-INFRARED INTERSTELLAR EXTINCTION LAW BASED ON THE APOGEE SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY
Authors: Xue Mengyao , Jiang B. W. , Gao Jian , Liu Jiaming , Wang Shu , Li Aigen
Published: June 2016

A precise measure of the mid-infrared interstellar extinction law is crucial for investigating the properties of interstellar dust, especially larger-sized grains. Based on the stellar parameters derived from the SDSS-III/Apache Point Observatory Galaxy Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) spectroscopic survey, we select a large sample of G-type and K-type giants as the tracers of the Galactic mid-infrared extinction. We calculate the intrinsic stellar color excesses from the stellar effective temperatures and use them to determine the mid-infrared extinction for a given line of sight. For the entire sky of the Milky Way surveyed by APOGEE, we derive the extinctions (relative to

, the K
S-band extinction at wavelength λ = 2.16 μm) for the four Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) bands at 3.4, 4.6, 12, and 22 μm, the four Spitzer/Infrared Array Camera bands at 3.6, 4.5, 5.8, and 8 μm, the Spitzer/MIPS24 band at 23.7 μm, and, for the first time, the AKARI/S9W band at 8.23 μm. Our results agree with previous works in that the extinction curve is flat in the ∼3–8 μm wavelength range and is generally consistent with the

 = 5.5 model curve, except our determination exceeds the model prediction in the WISE/W4 band. Although some previous works found that the mid-IR extinction law appears to vary with the extinction depth

, no noticeable variation has been found in this work. The uncertainties are analyzed in terms of the bootstrap resampling method and Monte-Carlo simulation and are found to be rather small.
Predictors of Loss of Remission and Disease Flares in Patients with Axial Spondyloarthritis Receiving Antitumor Necrosis Factor Treatment: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Lubrano Ennio , Massimo Perrotta Fabio , Manara Maria , D’Angelo Salvatore , Addimanda Olga , Ramonda Roberta , Punzi Leonardo , Olivieri Ignazio , Salvarani Carlo , Marchesoni Antonio
Published: June 2016

Objective.

The aim of this study was to evaluate rate and predictive factors of loss of remission and disease flare in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) receiving antitumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) treatment.

Methods.

In this retrospective multicenter study, patients with axSpA, according to the Assessment of Spondyloarthritis international Society (ASAS) criteria, treated with adalimumab, etanercept, or infliximab with a minimum followup of 12 months and satisfying the ASAS partial remission criteria and/or Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) inactive disease were studied. Disease flare was defined as a Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index score > 4.5 or ASDAS score > 2.5 on at least 1 occasion.

Results.

One hundred seventy-four patients with axSpA were studied. After a median [interquartile range (IQR)] followup of 4 years (2–6), 37 patients (21.2%) experienced a loss of remission and 28 (16.1% of the whole study group) a disease flare. Median (IQR) duration of remission in patients who lost this status was 1 year (0.625–2). Higher median erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) values, continuous nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) use, and an ASDAS-CRP ≥ 0.8 during the remission period were significantly associated with both loss of remission and disease flare. At the multivariate analysis, continuous NSAID intake (OR 4.05, 95% CI 1.4–11.74, p = 0.010) and ESR > 15 (OR 2.90, 95% CI 1.23–6.82, p = 0.015) were the only factors predictive of disease reactivation.

Conclusion.

In this study, loss of remission and disease flares occurred, respectively, in about 21% and 16% of the patients with axSpA who achieved a state of remission while receiving anti-TNF therapy. Residual disease activity was associated with disease reactivation.
Les premiers voyageurs à Messène : de Cyriaque d’Ancône à l’expédition de Morée
Authors: Moret Pierre , Zambon Alessia
Published: June 2016

Cet article réévalue la place occupée par Messène dans les itinéraires péloponnésiens des premiers voyageurs européens, avant les fouilles et les relevés de l’expédition scientifique de Morée (1829), et fait le point sur leur contribution à la connaissance du site archéologique et de ses vestiges. Une vingtaine de visites ont été recensées, entre 1447 et 1828, impliquant dix-sept Britanniques, onze Français, cinq Allemands, un Italien et un Danois. L’accent est mis sur les représentations graphiques, souvent inédites, qui accompagnent les récits de plusieurs d’entre eux.
L’ hérôon de Trokondas à Kitanaura, une contribution à l’histoire politique, sociale et culturelle de la Pisidie aux époques hellénistique et romaine
Authors: Pimouguet-Pédarros Isabelle
Published: June 2016

La cité de Kitanaura, connue pour avoir été intégrée au territoire de Termessos de Pisidie au plus tard au i er  s. de n. ère, se situe dans une zone de montagnes, aux marges de la Lycie. Elle est marquée par la présence d’une vaste nécropole au sein de laquelle subsiste un temple-tombeau ( hérôon ) parmi les mieux préservés d’Asie Mineure méridionale. L’inscription gravée in situ ainsi que le décor sculpté qui lui est associé renvoient à un personnage du nom de Trokondas fils de Trokondas, petit-fils d’Attéous. Le but de cet article est de déterminer la date de construction du temple-tombeau, d’établir un lien entre l’iconographie funéraire du monument et le maître des lieux, Trokondas, mais aussi de comprendre le rôle joué par ce dernier dans la région, en particulier sur le territoire de Termessos de Pisidie.
Les théories du complot comme connaissance stigmatisée
Authors: Barkun Michael , Rollet Brigitte
Published: June 2016

La plupart des théories du complot appartiennent au domaine du « savoir stigmatisé » – c’est à dire des savoirs qui n’ont pas été acceptés par les institutions auxquelles nous faisons confiance pour dire le vrai. Il n’est pas rare que ceux qui adhèrent aux théories du complot acceptent également d’autres formes de savoirs stigmatisés, telles les médecines alternatives et les croyances à l’Atlantide ou aux OVNIS. Le rejet des autorités est pour eux un signe de la véracité d’une croyance. Cependant, le lien des théories du complot au savoir stigmatisé s’est affaibli parce que la notion de savoir stigmatisé elle-même devient plus problématique. Ce qui était hier clairement identifié comme « marginal » commence maintenant à se fondre dans le courant dominant. Ce processus d’« intégration des marges » est la conséquence de nombreux facteurs, y compris l’ubiquité de l’Internet, le soupçon croissant envers l’autorité et la diffusion de thèmes hier ésotériques dans la culture populaire. Seule une membrane perméable sépare maintenant les marges du courant dominant. Ainsi le conspirationnisme n’est plus le domaine de petits cénacles isolés. Il a maintenant le pouvoir d’atteindre l’opinion publique. Évidemment, ceci ne s’applique pas à toutes les théories, cependant ceci arrive assez souvent pour suggérer que nous nous trouvons dans une période importante de transition. Aux États-Unis, la controverse récente sur l’existence d’un complot destiné à dissimuler la naissance étrangère supposée du Président Obama – assertion qui voici quelques années n’aurait jamais émergé au-delà de quelques petits groupes extrémistes – suggère la nature de ce changement. Cette controverse indique également les dangers à venir pour les cultures politiques.
Spectres du léviathan : l’État à l’épreuve de la simplification administrative (2006-2015)
Authors: Gélédan Fabien
Published: June 2016

Résumé Que fait la simplification administrative à l’État ? Fondé sur une enquête ethnographique conduite entre RGPP et MAP, cet article propose de comprendre la simplification comme une mutation de la présence sensible de l’État. On passe en effet d’une conception libérale fondée sur l’allègement de la « charge administrative » dans le but de favoriser la compétitivité et la croissance, à une vision visant l’amélioration de l’expérience des usagers. Cette évolution, appuyée sur des techniques de plus en plus sophistiquées et diversifiées, comme l’économie comportementale, tend aujourd’hui à dépasser le seul cadre de la simplification pour prendre en charge la nature même de la relation à l’État.
La régulation et le contrôle administratif : le cas de la Bulgarie
Authors: Galabov Antoniy
Published: June 2016

Résumé Cet article étudie comment le cadre législatif bulgare aborde le fonctionnement de l’administration, dans le contexte particulier d’une société en phase de transition politico-économique. Il s’appuie sur l’étude des pouvoirs discrétionnaires attribués à l’administration en matière de délivrance d’autorisations d’activité économique. Il met en avant à la fois les impératifs d’encadrement de ce pouvoir et ceux de simplification des procédures liées à son exercice.
La simplification de l’action publique en matière fiscale
Authors: Kouraleva-Cazals Polina
Published: June 2016

Résumé En décembre 2014, Thierry Mandon, le secrétaire d’état à la simplification, fixait l’objectif d’un système fiscal plus simple pour l’usager, et le citoyen, et plus lisible afin que le consentement à l’impôt et la justice fiscale soient plus réels. La relation entre la simplification de l’action publique et la justice fiscale est pourtant plus complexe qu’il n’y paraît et nécessite davantage une maîtrise de la complexité, voire une clarification plus qu’une simplification. Sur le plan procédural, les réformes les plus prometteuses ne sont pas toujours celles qui visent à simplifier les procédures, mais celles qui visent à simplifier la situation du contribuable.
La simplification administrative à l’université : des processus sans anticipation systématique
Authors: Côme Thierry , Rouet Gilles
Published: June 2016

La simplification administrative peut résulter de processus variés tels que : intention et démarche stratégiques, comportement mimétique organisationnel, simple discours d’affichage, logique instrumentale ou procédurière... En termes d’impacts, la simplification a des répercussions sur les processus de production, les modes d’organisation (organigramme, routines) et peut même remettre en cause dans certains cas les finalités du service, de façon non nécessairement pilotée. L’université française fournit de nombreux exemples de possibles dérives et d’effets pervers de la simplification administrative ; et l’analyse montre bien la nécessité d’en anticiper les effets, d’associer les agents et d’en évaluer les résultats.
Simplifier le droit : du mythe de Sisyphe à l’horticulture juridique ?
Authors: du Marais Bertrand
Published: June 2016

S’appuyant sur des exemples tirés du droit positif combinés avec des réflexions de nature économique, cet article constate que la simplification du droit est difficile à atteindre pour des raisons objectives : développement de l’État de droit, incomplétude de la réglementation et caractéristiques propres au système juridique français. Souvent qualifiée de politique néolibérale, la simplification du droit transverse pourtant l’éventail idéologique et politique, car la complexité pèse sur les ménages les plus fragiles et peut constituer un instrument stratégique pour des acteurs économiques dominants. Simplifier le droit suppose alors, d’une part, de rendre plus effectif l’évaluation des normes et l’étude d’impact des lois. Cette politique impose, d’autre part, de repenser notre « art de réglementer », de considérer la réglementation comme un instrument de politique publique parmi d’autre et de restaurer la relation entre volonté politique et droit.
De la foi méthodique au dogme de la liberté : l’institutionnalisation de la conscience
Authors: Chandelier Cédric
Published: June 2016

Au tournant du xx e  siècle, l’épistémologie qui voit le jour en France adopte un recul historique sur les transformations que connaissent alors les mathématiques et la physique. La réhabilitation du lien entre savoir et conscience conduit à l’institutionnalisation de ce lien : un dogme nouveau – la « doctrine de la liberté » – pose les bases d’une crise perpétuelle de l’objectivité scientifique.
Poincaré et le problème de l’esprit
Authors: Crocco Gabriella
Published: June 2016

La conception du continu de H. Poincaré, telle qu’elle est exposée dans le chapitre 2 de La Science et l’hypothèse, est le résultat du croisement de considérations mathématiques, philosophiques et physiques. Elle est également subordonnée à une théorie des facultés qui renouvelle l’épistémologie kantienne tout en la réinterprétant dans le débat de l’époque. Le but de cet article est double : montrer l’articulation interne de cette conception du continu de Poincaré avec les doctrines mathématiques et physiques qui ont été les siennes et montrer son originalité dans le débat épistémologique de l’époque.
Are Female STEM Majors Academic Risk Takers?
Authors: Beziat Tara L. R. , McCombs Kristin M. , Burks Brooke A. , Byrom Jennifer
Published: June 2016

The existing literature does not focus on risk-taking differences within females and how these differences may influence academic choices in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) fields. The current project examined differences in academic risk-taking between STEM and non-STEM female students. A total of 272 undergraduates from 3 universities in the United States participated in a total of 2 studies. Results from the first and second studies indicated differences between STEM and non-STEM females in academic risk-taking. Future studies should explore these academic risk-taking differences between STEM and non-STEM female students.
Popular Songs and Social Change
Authors: Ho Wai-Chung
Published: June 2016

This Chapter aims to present a review of the research literature on music information seeking and its application to popular songs and social change, with particular reference to Shanghai. Owing to its history as an immigrant city with strong foreign influence, it has developed a unique culture that combines West and East. The chapter aims to present how the history of popular songs in Shanghai shows how individual and collective identities have been constructed in interaction with contending local, national and international forces and influences. In a historical analysis, four areas are discussed in regard to music information needs: (1) a literature review on the East-West cultural exchange, (2) an examination of the expression of China's national humiliations, (3) an exploration of how cultural hegemony is exercised through the use of the Shanghainese dialect to promote Shanghai's popular songs in the local context, and (4) how Western and Asian popular songs have been promoted by and incorporated into Shanghai's contemporary society.
How Big Does Big Data Need to Be?
Authors: Stange Martin , Funk Burkhardt
Published: June 2016

Collecting and storing of as many data as possible is common practice in many companies these days. To reduce costs of collecting and storing data that is not relevant, it is important to define which analytical questions are to be answered and how much data is needed to answer these questions. In this chapter, a process to define an optimal sampling size is proposed. Based on benefit/cost considerations, the authors show how to find the sample size that maximizes the utility of predictive analytics. By applying the proposed process to a case study is shown that only a very small fraction of the available data set is needed to make accurate predictions.
Big Data Analytics Using Local Exceptionality Detection
Authors: Atzmueller Martin , Mollenhauer Dennis , Schmidt Andreas
Published: June 2016

Large-scale data processing is one of the key challenges concerning many application domains, especially considering ubiquitous and big data. In these contexts, subgroup discovery provides both a flexible data analysis and knowledge discovery method. Subgroup discovery and pattern mining are important descriptive data mining tasks. They can be applied, for example, in order to obtain an overview on the relations in the data, for automatic hypotheses generation, and for a number of knowledge discovery applications. This chapter presents the novel SD-MapR algorithmic framework for large-scale local exceptionality detection implemented using subgroup discovery on the Map/Reduce framework. We describe the basic algorithm in detail and provide an experimental evaluation using several real-world datasets. We tackle two algorithmic variants focusing on simple and more complex target concepts, i.e., presenting an implementation of exceptional model mining on large attributed graphs. The results of our evaluation show the scalability of the presented approach for large data sets.
Data Preparation for Big Data Analytics
Authors: Schmidt Andreas , Atzmueller Martin , Hollender Martin
Published: June 2016

This chapter provides an overview of methods for preprocessing structured and unstructured data in the scope of Big Data. Specifically, this chapter summarizes according methods in the context of a real-world dataset in a petro-chemical production setting. The chapter describes state-of-the-art methods for data preparation for Big Data Analytics. Furthermore, the chapter discusses experiences and first insights in a specific project setting with respect to a real-world case study. Furthermore, interesting directions for future research are outlined.
Cooperation between Local Authorities in Europe as a Force for Strengthening Local Democracy
Authors: Lisney Tim , Kiefer Andreas
Published: June 2016

The authors chart the rise of horizontal cooperation between local authorities in the wider Europe as a post-war phenomenon, examining the main forms of cooperation in this area, how they have developed and what impact they have had and are having on the development of decentralised government in Europe. They then map out the main characteristics of the development of a European model of local democracy. Attention is given to the principal standards in this field and how they are evolving, with special emphasis on the European Charter of Local Self-Government.
Contemporary Local Government Reform in New Zealand
Authors: Reid Mike
Published: June 2016

The New Zealand local government system has experienced considerable reform over the last twenty-five years. The nature of the reform has been contingent on both international trends and local factors, including prevailing ideologies. The experience provides lessons for other nations, particularly the lack of a consistent direction and any overall coherence. The paper identifies six themes, some of which have been recurring while others have been specific to local political economy factors. The lack of any national consensus about the role of local government, and the lack of constitutional status, means that reform is expected to continue into the future.
As You Like It or Much Ado about Nothing?
Authors: De Ceuninck Koenraad , Steyvers Kristof , Valcke Tony
Published: June 2016

This chapter scrutinizes the ongoing debate on structural reform in local government in the Flemish Region of Belgium at the turn and the first decades of the 21st century. As in many European polities, discussions on the territorial and functional arrangements of the level deemed closest to the citizen have occupied a protracted place on the reform agenda. Likewise, given their often controversial and conflictual nature all but a part of these reformist ambitions have eventually been adopted and implemented. Actual structural change often only crystalizes as the residue of a heated reform base once the damp of the discussion evaporates.
Current Features and Developments of Local Governance in Finland
Authors: Vakkala Hanna , Leinonen Jaana
Published: June 2016

This chapter discusses local governance renewals and the recent development of local democracy in Finland. Due to profound structural reforms, the role of municipalities is changing, which is challenging current local government processes, from management to citizen participation. Nordic local self-government is considered strong, despite of tightening state steering. Ruling reform politics and the increasing amount of service tasks do not fit the idea of active local governance with sufficient latitude for decision-making. To increase process efficiency, electronic services and governance have been developed nationally and locally, and solutions of eDemocracy have been launched to support participation. Developing participative, deliberative democracy during deep renewals creates opportunities but also requires investments, which create and increase variation between municipalities. From the point of view of local democracy, it becomes interesting how strong municipal self-governance and local governance renewals meet and how the role and status of municipalities are changing.
Fresh or dehydrated spineless cactus in diets for lambs
Authors: Andrade Solano Felipe Just de , Batista Ângela Maria Vieira , Carvalho Francisco Fernando Ramos de , Lucena Rodrigo Barros de , Andrade Rafael De Paula Xavier de , Lima Júnior Dorgival Morais de
Published: June 2016

The objective was to evaluate the effect of partial or total replacement of Tifton 85 hay with fresh or dehydrated spineless cactus on performance and body weight components of sheep. Thirty hair lambs, with 19 kg ± 0.35 kg initial weight, were randomly divided into five treatments, namely: Tifton 85 Hay (HA); Tifton 85 Hay + fresh spineless cactus (HAFC); Tifton 85 Hay + dehydrated spineless cactus (HADC); fresh spineless cactus (FC); dehydrated spineless cactus (DC). In addition to the spineless cactus and hay, the complete mixture contained soybean meal, mineral salt and limestone in all treatments. Animals were confined for 75 days and then slaughtered. The weight of body components was recorded. Dry matter intake, total digestible nutrients intake and voluntary water intake were higher (p < 0.05) for the DC and HADC treatments. The average daily gain was 118 g day-1 and body weight at slaughter of 25.8 kg were not influenced (p > 0.05) by treatments. The cold carcass weight, rib eye area, weight and yield of the skin, liver, kidney and large intestine were higher (p < 0.05) for the DC and HADC treatments. Partial or total replacement of Tifton 85 hay with fresh or dehydrated spineless cactus, in complete diets for sheep, increases the weight of the cold carcass and non-carcass components.
 In situ degradability of dry matter and fibrous fraction of sorghum silage
Authors: Costa Renê Ferreira , Pires Daniel Ananias de Assis , Moura Marielly Maria Almeida , Rodrigues José Avelino Santos , Rocha Júnior Vicente Ribeiro , Tolentino Daniella Cangussú
Published: June 2016

This study aimed to evaluate in situ degradability and degradation kinetics of DM, NDF and ADF of silage, with or without tannin in the grains. Two isogenic lines of grain sorghum (CMS-XS 114 with tannin and CMS-XS 165 without tannin) and two sorghum hybrids (BR-700 dual purpose with tannin and BR-601 forage without tannin) were ensiled; dried and ground silage samples were placed in nylon bags and introduced through the fistulas. After incubation for 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours, bags were taken for subsequent analysis of fibrous fractions. The experimental design was completely randomized with 4 replicates and 4 treatments and means compared by Tukey’s test at 5% probability. As for the DM degradation rate, silage of CMSXS165without tannin was superior. Silages of genotypes BR700 and CMSXS 114 with tannin showed the highest values of indigestible ADF (59.54 and 43.09%). Regarding the NDF, the potential degradation of silage of CMSXS165 line without tannin was superior. Tannin can reduce ruminal degradability of the dry matter and fibrous fractions.
Patterns of use of time by heifers with or without supplementation at different phenological stages of winter grasses
Authors: Sichonany Maria José De Oliveira , Rocha Marta Gomes da , Pötter Luciana , Salvador Paulo Roberto , Bergoli Tuani Lopes , Moterle Paulo Henrique
Published: June 2016

A joint data analysis was performed to characterize forage intake rate and patterns of use of time by grazing heifers in cold season pastures. Heifers received or not energetic supplementation at different phenological stages of grasses (vegetative, pre-flowering and flowering). Experiments involved 360 heifers with initial age of eight months and average body weight of 145 ± 17 kg, on continuous grazing method and variable number of animals.  Supplementaed heifers consumed 17.0% less forage and 22.2% less leaf blades than heifers exclusively on pasture. Grazing activity was concentrated in the afternoon shift, regardless of the feeding system and phenological stages evaluated, with the longest event of rumination during the night. Forage intake rate is similar, regardless of supplement intake and phenological stages of grasses.
Is poverty a matter of perspective? Significance of Amartya Sen for the church’s response to poverty: A public practical theological reflection
Authors: Tenai Noah K.
Published: June 2016

Poverty continues to present an enormous challenge to the well-being of humanity. Different frameworks on poverty tend to identify different persons as poor, impacting on efforts to fight poverty. The church as a role player in the public domain needs a framework that can assist it in its task of working for salvation and liberation in the face of overwhelming poverty. Acombined framework, from Amartya Sen’s entitlement approach and capability approach, is amalgamated and suggested as an integrated framework that could act as a lens or a viewpoint from which the church could venture to conceptualise, quantify and respond to instances of poverty. Keywords: Poverty; Church; Well-being; Amartya Sen; Entitlement Approach; Capability Approach
Automaticity in reading isiZulu
Authors: Land Sandra
Published: June 2016

Automaticity, or instant recognition of combinations of letters as units of language, is essential for proficient reading in any language. The article explores automaticity amongst competent adult first-language readers of isiZulu, and the factors associated with it or its opposite - active decoding. Whilst the transparent spelling patterns of isiZulu aid learner readers, some of its orthographical features may militate against their gaining automaticity. These features are agglutination; a conjoined writing system; comparatively long, complex words; and a high rate of recurring strings of particular letters. This implies that optimal strategies for teaching reading in orthographically opaque languages such as English should not be assumed to apply to languages with dissimilar orthographies.Keywords: Orthography; Eye movement; Reading; isiZulu
Rational Design of Peptide Vaccines against Multiple Types of Human Papillomavirus
Authors: Dey Sumanta , De Antara , Nandy Ashesh
Published: June 2016

Human papillomavirus (HPV) occurs in many types, some of which cause cervical, genital, and other cancers. While vaccination is available against the major cancer-causing HPV types, many others are not covered by these preventive measures. Herein, we present a bioinformatics study for the designing of multivalent peptide vaccines against multiple HPV types as an alternative strategy to the virus-like particle vaccines being used now. Our technique of rational design of peptide vaccines is expected to ensure stability of the vaccine against many cycles of mutational changes, elicit immune response, and negate autoimmune possibilities. Using the L1 capsid protein sequences, we identified several peptides for potential vaccine design for HPV 16, 18, 33, 35, 45, and 11 types. Although there are concerns about the epitope-binding affinities for the peptides identified in this process, the technique indicates possibilities of multivalent, adjuvanted, peptide vaccines against a wider range of HPV types, and tailor-made different combinations of the peptides to address frequency variations of types over different population groups as required for prophylaxis and at lower cost than are in use at the present time.
Inflammation and Inflammatory Cells in Myocardial Infarction and Reperfusion Injury: A Double-Edged Sword
Authors: Liu Jiaqi , Wang Haijuan , Li Jun
Published: June 2016

Myocardial infarction (MI) is the most common cause of cardiac injury, and subsequent reperfusion further enhances the activation of innate and adaptive immune responses and cell death programs. Therefore, inflammation and inflammatory cell infiltration are the hallmarks of MI and reperfusion injury. Ischemic cardiac injury activates the innate immune response via toll-like receptors and upregulates chemokine and cytokine expressions in the infarcted heart. The recruitment of inflammatory cells is a dynamic and superbly orchestrated process. Sequential infiltration of the injured myocardium with neutrophils, monocytes and their descendant macrophages, dendritic cells, and lymphocytes contributes to the initiation and resolution of inflammation, infarct healing, angiogenesis, and ventricular remodeling. Both detrimental effects and a beneficial role in the pathophysiology of MI and reperfusion injury may be attributed to the subset heterogeneity and functional diversity of these inflammatory cells.
Multimedia and cultural heritage: a discussion for the community involved in children's heritage edutainment and serious games in the 21st century
Authors: Haddad Naif A.
Published: June 2016

Unfortunately, heritage education and awareness remains largely undervalued, as most efforts rely on in-person experiences in formal cultural institutions. While there have been many virtual applications in the field of heritage edutainment with multimedia technology, there are still not enough to make the required and hoped-for change for the children of the digital natives’ generation. However, with the rich resources in 3D imaging and interactive programming already at our disposal, we are well prepared to do so, given a coordinated effort. This paper deals with a key topic that has an importance at the international level: the education of children through the conceptual approach of "edutainment" and "serious games" and particularly focuses on the cultural heritage, considering its tangible and intangible aspects. The paper attempts to clarify, explore and investigate how heritage edutainment multimedia, which bring enjoyment, fun, play and discovery into children’s daily lives, can make a significant contribution to their understanding, curiosity and appreciation of the cultural heritage. The paper also proposes some ideas and storylines for project development, especially for a methodological approach to serious games, which if appropriately planned, can be as entertaining as they are intellectually challenging to young children. Taking into consideration that there is a growing body of research on the effectiveness of online serious games as creative learning tools, this can only be achieved by the collaboration of a multidisciplinary pedagogical, technical and creative team, to encourage children and parents to look, explore and care for the wonders of our cultural heritage.
Roman viticulture analysis based on Latin agronomists and the application of a geographic information system in lower Guadalquivir
Authors: Trapero Fernández Pedro
Published: June 2016

The advancement in the historical research of business activities, such as ancient agriculture and specifically Roman viticulture, requires the knowledge of the productive sites. This research will propose a way to interconnect the information contained in Latin agronomic tradition, in order to choose the placement of a production unit, using a geographical information system (GIS). The Latin agronomist information, together with current agricultural knowledge, may lead to a set of measurable, georeferencing criteria for future prospecting, such as land orientation to the winds and insolation, the soil types and the slope. Also, the proximity to terrestrial, fluvial and maritime communication routes, as well as cities and water supply will be assessed. This methodology is applied in the territory of the lower Guadalquivir (southwest Spain) achieving measurable criteria on a georeferenced map, being able to classify the data and create cartography that shows the best places for future archaeological prospecting.
Reliability and Validity of Different Models of TKK Hand Dynamometers
Authors: Cadenas-Sanchez Cristina , Sanchez-Delgado Guillermo , Martinez-Tellez Borja , Mora-Gonzalez José , Löf Marie , España-Romero Vanesa , Ruiz Jonatan R. , Ortega Francisco B.
Published: June 2016

OBJECTIVE. We examined the reliability and validity of the analog and digital models of TKK handgrip dynamometers using calibrated known weights.

METHOD. A total of 6 dynamometers (3 digital and 3 analog; 2 new and 1 old for each model) were used in this study.

RESULTS. Intrainstrument reliability was very high; systematic error for test–retest reliability was ≤|0.3 kg|. The systematic error among different instruments (same model) and between different models (digital vs. analog) ranged between |0.4 kg| and |0.6 kg|. The systematic error between new and old dynamometers ranged from |0.8 kg| to |1 kg|. All dynamometers provided lower values for the same known weights than a SECA scale, with a systematic error ranging from −0.94 to −2.64 kg.

CONCLUSION. This study indicates that clinicians and investigators who provide treatment to address handgrip strength should use the same instrument and model for repeated measures. Distinguishing meaningful change from dynamometer variability is discussed.
Examining the Feasibility, Tolerability, and Preliminary Efficacy of Repetitive Task-Specific Practice for People With Unilateral Spatial Neglect
Authors: Grattan Emily S. , Lang Catherine E. , Birkenmeier Rebecca , Holm Margo , Rubinstein Elaine , Van Swearingen Jessie , Skidmore Elizabeth R.
Published: June 2016

OBJECTIVE. We examined the feasibility, tolerability, and preliminary efficacy of repetitive task-specific practice for people with unilateral spatial neglect (USN).

METHOD. People with USN ≥6 mo poststroke participated in a single-group, repeated-measures study. Attendance, total repetitions, and satisfaction indicated feasibility and pain indicated tolerability. Paired t tests and effect sizes were used to estimate changes in upper-extremity use (Motor Activity Log), function (Action Research Arm Test), and attention (Catherine Bergego Scale).

RESULTS. Twenty participants attended 99.4% of sessions and completed a high number of repetitions. Participants reported high satisfaction and low pain, and they demonstrated small, significant improvements in upper-extremity use (before Bonferroni corrections; t = –2.1, p = .04, d = .30), function (t = –3.0, p < .01, d = .20), and attention (t = –3.4, p < .01, d = –.44).

CONCLUSION. Repetitive task-specific practice is feasible and tolerable for people with USN. Improvements in upper-extremity use, function, and attention may be attainable.
Summertime nitrate aerosol in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere over the Tibetan Plateau and the South Asian summer monsoon region
Authors: Gu Yixuan , Liao Hong , Bian Jianchun
Published: June 2016

Abstract. We use the global three-dimensional Goddard Earth Observing System chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) to examine the contribution of nitrate aerosol to aerosol concentrations in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) over the Tibetan Plateau and the South Asian summer monsoon (TP/SASM) region during summertime of year 2005. Simulated surface-layer aerosol concentrations are compared with ground-based observations, and simulated aerosols in the UTLS are evaluated by using the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment II satellite data. Simulations show elevated aerosol concentrations of sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, black carbon, organic carbon, and PM2.5 (particles with diameter equal to or less than 2.5 µm, defined as the sum of sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, black carbon, and organic carbon aerosols in this study) in the UTLS over the TP/SASM region throughout the summer. Nitrate aerosol is simulated to be of secondary importance near the surface but the most dominant aerosol species in the UTLS over the studied region. Averaged over summertime and over the TP/SASM region, CNIT (the ratio of nitrate concentration to PM2.5 concentration) values are 5–35 % at the surface, 25–50 % at 200 hPa, and could exceed 60 % at 100 hPa. The mechanisms for the accumulation of nitrate in the UTLS over the TP/SASM region include vertical transport and the gas-to-aerosol conversion of HNO3 to form nitrate. The high relative humidity and low temperature associated with the deep convection over the TP/SASM region are favorable for the gas-to-aerosol conversion of HNO3.
MONITORING AIRCRAFT MOTION AT AIRPORTS BY LIDAR
Authors: Toth C. , Jozkow G. , Koppanyi Z. , Young S. , Grejner-Brzezinska D.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Improving sensor performance, combined with better affordability, provides better object space observability, resulting in new applications. Remote sensing systems are primarily concerned with acquiring data of the static components of our environment, such as the topographic surface of the earth, transportation infrastructure, city models, etc. Observing the dynamic component of the object space is still rather rare in the geospatial application field; vehicle extraction and traffic flow monitoring are a few examples of using remote sensing to detect and model moving objects. Deploying a network of inexpensive LiDAR sensors along taxiways and runways can provide both geometrically and temporally rich geospatial data that aircraft body can be extracted from the point cloud, and then, based on consecutive point clouds motion parameters can be estimated. Acquiring accurate aircraft trajectory data is essential to improve aviation safety at airports. This paper reports about the initial experiences obtained by using a network of four Velodyne VLP- 16 sensors to acquire data along a runway segment.
COOPERATIVE UAS LOCALIZATION USING LOWCOST SENSORS
Authors: Goel Salil , Kealy Allison , Lohani Bharat
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Networks of small, low cost Unmanned Aerial Systems (UASs) have the potential to improve responsiveness and situational awareness across an increasing number of applications including defense, surveillance, mapping, search and rescue, disaster management, mineral exploration, assisted guidance and navigation etc. These ad hoc UAS networks typically have the capability to communicate with each other and can share data between the individual UAS nodes. Thus these networks can operate as robust and efficient information acquisition platforms. For any of the applications involving UASs, a primary requirement is the localization i.e. determining the position and orientation of the UAS. The performance requirements of localization can vary with individual applications, for example: mapping applications need much higher localization accuracy as compared to the applications involving only surveillance. The sharing of appropriate data between UASs can prove to be advantageous when compared to a single UAS, in terms of improving the positioning accuracy and reliability particularly in partially or completely GNSS denied environments. This research aims to integrate low cost positioning sensors and cooperative localization technique for a network of UASs. Our hypothesis is that it is possible to achieve high accurate, real-time localization of each of the nodes in the network even with cheaper sensors if the nodes of the network share information among themselves. This hypothesis is validated using simulations and the results are analyzed both for centralized and distributed estimation architectures. At first, the results are studied for a two node network which is then expanded for a network containing more number of nodes. Having more nodes in the network allows us to study the properties of the network including the effect of size and shape of the network on accuracy of the nodes.
UAS TOPOGRAPHIC MAPPING WITH VELODYNE LiDAR SENSOR
Authors: Jozkow G. , Toth C. , Grejner-Brzezinska D.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) technology is nowadays willingly used in small area topographic mapping due to low costs and good quality of derived products. Since cameras typically used with UAS have some limitations, e.g. cannot penetrate the vegetation, LiDAR sensors are increasingly getting attention in UAS mapping. Sensor developments reached the point when their costs and size suit the UAS platform, though, LiDAR UAS is still an emerging technology. One issue related to using LiDAR sensors on UAS is the limited performance of the navigation sensors used on UAS platforms. Therefore, various hardware and software solutions are investigated to increase the quality of UAS LiDAR point clouds. This work analyses several aspects of the UAS LiDAR point cloud generation performance based on UAS flights conducted with the Velodyne laser scanner and cameras. The attention was primarily paid to the trajectory reconstruction performance that is essential for accurate point cloud georeferencing. Since the navigation sensors, especially Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs), may not be of sufficient performance, the estimated camera poses could allow to increase the robustness of the estimated trajectory, and subsequently, the accuracy of the point cloud. The accuracy of the final UAS LiDAR point cloud was evaluated on the basis of the generated DSM, including comparison with point clouds obtained from dense image matching. The results showed the need for more investigation on MEMS IMU sensors used for UAS trajectory reconstruction. The accuracy of the UAS LiDAR point cloud, though lower than for point cloud obtained from images, may be still sufficient for certain mapping applications where the optical imagery is not useful.
HYBRID ONLINE MOBILE LASER SCANNER CALIBRATION THROUGH IMAGE ALIGNMENT BY MUTUAL INFORMATION
Authors: Miled Mourad , Soheilian Bahman , Habets Emmanuel , Vallet Bruno
Published: June 2016

Abstract. This paper proposes an hybrid online calibration method for a laser scanner mounted on a mobile platform also equipped with an imaging system. The method relies on finding the calibration parameters that best align the acquired points cloud to the images. The quality of this intermodal alignment is measured by Mutual information between image luminance and points reflectance. The main advantage and motivation is ensuring pixel accurate alignment of images and point clouds acquired simultaneously, but it is also much more flexible than traditional laser calibration methods.
QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF BUILDING TEXTURES EXTRACTED FROM OBLIQUE AIRBORNE THERMAL IMAGERY
Authors: Iwaszczuk D. , Stilla U.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Thermal properties of the building hull became an important topic of the last decade. Combining the thermal data with building models makes it possible to analyze thermal data in a 3D scene. In this paper we combine thermal images with 3D building models by texture mapping. We present a method for texture extraction from oblique airborne thermal infrared images. We put emphasis on quality assessment of these textures and evaluation of their usability for thermal inspections. The quality measures used for assessment are divided to resolution, occlusion and matching quality.
KERNEL MAD ALGORITHM FOR RELATIVE RADIOMETRIC NORMALIZATION
Authors: Bai Yang , Tang Ping , Hu Changmiao
Published: June 2016

Abstract. The multivariate alteration detection (MAD) algorithm is commonly used in relative radiometric normalization. This algorithm is based on linear canonical correlation analysis (CCA) which can analyze only linear relationships among bands. Therefore, we first introduce a new version of MAD in this study based on the established method known as kernel canonical correlation analysis (KCCA). The proposed method effectively extracts the non-linear and complex relationships among variables. We then conduct relative radiometric normalization experiments on both the linear CCA and KCCA version of the MAD algorithm with the use of Landsat-8 data of Beijing, China, and Gaofen-1(GF-1) data derived from South China. Finally, we analyze the difference between the two methods. Results show that the KCCA-based MAD can be satisfactorily applied to relative radiometric normalization, this algorithm can well describe the nonlinear relationship between multi-temporal images. This work is the first attempt to apply a KCCA-based MAD algorithm to relative radiometric normalization.
TOWARDS THE DEVELOPMENT OF A TAXONOMY FOR VISUALISATION OF STREAMED GEOSPATIAL DATA
Authors: Sibolla B. H. , Van Zyl T. , Coetzee S.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Geospatial data has very specific characteristics that need to be carefully captured in its visualisation, in order for the user and the viewer to gain knowledge from it. The science of visualisation has gained much traction over the last decade as a response to various visualisation challenges. During the development of an open source based, dynamic two-dimensional visualisation library, that caters for geospatial streaming data, it was found necessary to conduct a review of existing geospatial visualisation taxonomies. The review was done in order to inform the design phase of the library development, such that either an existing taxonomy can be adopted or extended to fit the needs at hand. The major challenge in this case is to develop dynamic two dimensional visualisations that enable human interaction in order to assist the user to understand the data streams that are continuously being updated. This paper reviews the existing geospatial data visualisation taxonomies that have been developed over the years. Based on the review, an adopted taxonomy for visualisation of geospatial streaming data is presented. Example applications of this taxonomy are also provided. The adopted taxonomy will then be used to develop the information model for the visualisation library in a further study.