Use of automatic steam sterilizer for disinfection of immunobiological waste contaminated with pathogenic biological agents
Authors:   Federal State Scientific Institution Russian Anti-Plague Institute «Microbe» of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumers Rights Protection and Human Well-being, Belousov Aleksey Dmitrievich , Antonycheva Marina Vladimirovna ,   Federal State Scientific Institution Russian Anti-Plague Institute «Microbe» of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumers Rights Protection and Human Well-being, Volokh Oksana Aleksandrovna ,   Federal State Scientific Institution Russian Anti-Plague Institute «Microbe» of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumers Rights Protection and Human Well-being, Abramova Elena Gennadievna ,   Federal State Scientific Institution Russian Anti-Plague Institute «Microbe» of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumers Rights Protection and Human Well-being, Gordeeva Marina Vyacheslavovna ,   Federal State Scientific Institution Russian Anti-Plague Institute «Microbe» of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumers Rights Protection and Human Well-being, Chalbushev Mikhail Mikhailovich ,   Federal State Scientific Institution Russian Anti-Plague Institute «Microbe» of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumers Rights Protection and Human Well-being, Nikiforov Aleksey Konstantinovich ,   Federal State Scientific Institution Russian Anti-Plague Institute «Microbe» of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumers Rights Protection and Human Well-being
Published: June 2023

One of the ways to neutralize immunobiological production waste is their treatment in sterilizers with saturated water vapor under pressure. Currently, medical and pharmaceutical industries and laboratories use sterilizers with sterilization and disinfection programs preset by manufacturers. Decontamination modes are defined in Federal sanitary rules, norms and hygienic standards, SanPiN 3.3686-21, while the parameters of preliminary phases of the cycle must be tested experimentally and validated for specific conditions. Within the frames of this study, we have tested the modes of disinfection of an automatic steam sterilizer by the example of waste products from the production of cholera vaccine and anti-rabies immunoglobulin manufactured by the FSSI Russian Anti-Plague Institute «Microbe» of the Rospotrebnadzor. The wastes are used nutrient media, carcasses of laboratory animals (rabbits) and consumables. The chamber was loaded with «clean» objects in quantity and configuration, repeating the loading of material with pathogenic biological agents (PBA). The mode of inactivation inside the chamber and the objects was controlled by physical, chemical and biological methods. Based on the results of the experiments, corrective actions were taken to change the program and design of containers for autoclaving. It was concluded that the default disinfection programs set by manufacturers do not fully take into account specific conditions and need to be adjusted with further validation. It is necessary to develop standard operating procedures for personnel involved in the decontamination of pathogenic materials, in which should be stated the order of placement of objects and the means of control in the containers with PBA and the sterilizer chamber. Keywords: steam sterilizers, pathogenic biological agents, disinfection with saturated water vapor, phases of the steam disinfection cycle, validation.