bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chemical Reaction Fronts on Platinum Surfaces
Authors: Mundschau M. , Rausenberger B.
Published: February 2024

In many chemical reactions catalysed on platinum surfaces it is necessary that two reactants be adsorbed simultaneously. Often one reactant is so strongly adsorbed that it blocks the adsorption of the second; such a reaction is said to be self-poisoned. An example is the oxidation of carbon monoxide, where carbon monoxide forms a strongly adsorbed monolayer which effectively blocks the adsorption and decomposition of oxygen. Photoelectron microscopy shows, however, that oxygen can penetrate the carbon monoxide film at special defect sites, typically inclusions or microdust particles, on the platinum. From these special adsorption sites the oxygen rapidly reacts with neighbouring adsorbed carbon monoxide. Reaction fronts initiate at these sites and rapidly propagate across the surface. A second type of self-poisoning occurs in decomposition reactions for which vacant surface sites are necessary; for instance, the decomposition of nitric oxide in the presence of hydrogen. A monolayer film of nitric oxide poisons the reaction not by blocking the adsorption of hydrogen, but rather by preventing the dissociation of nitric oxide which requires a neighbouring unoccupied surface site. Empty sites are provided on impurity particles which weakly adsorb nitric oxide and initiate reaction fronts. Impurity sites also initiate reaction fronts when graphite is removed from platinum by oxidation. In order to avoid self-poisoning in catalytic reactions, these studies suggest that special adsorption sites should be introduced artificially to provide vacant sites by adsorbing only weakly the reactants causing self-poisoning.
Controlling the Exhaust Emissions from Alternative Fuel Vehicles
Authors: Windawi H.
Published: February 2024

To meet the increasingly exacting emission control standards that are emerging, alternative fuel vehicles will be needed. It appears that these will require optimised and dedicated systems utilising innovative control strategies to achieve the necessary standards. In this paper, the major emission control issues for engines fuelled with alcohol, natural gas, propane, or diesel fuels are identified. Control strategies employing dedicated emission control catalysts are discussed and performance results from laboratory, engine and vehicle tests are highlighted. Comparisons are made with gasoline fuelled engines, where significant experience has been accumulated over the past decade with the use of closed loop fuel control plus a catalytic converter to suppress the three main polluting emissions. The use of catalytic converters containing flow through catalysts is emphasised.
The Modification of Superconductors
Authors: Shul’ga Yu. M. , Izakovich E. N. , Rubtsov V. I. , Shklyaruk B. F.
Published: February 2024

Since the discovery of the first high temperature superconductor, YBaCuO, many attempts have been made to improve its properties by the addition of modifiers; indeed almost all of the elements in the Periodic Table have already been tried in this way. The present survey, covering both our own work and the published literature, examines the effects of adding the platinum group metals to the superconductor, resulting in the formation of several new compounds, many of which are semiconducting and some of which may have potential value in engineering and chemical technology. The complex oxides formed are characterised and data on the superconducting properties of the modified YBaCuO oxide phases are presented.
Challenges in Emission Control Catalysis for the Next Decade
Authors: Cooper B. J.
Published: February 2024

With new automobile emission standards going into effect in Europe, and even tougher standards ready for implementation in California and the rest of the United Stares, automotive emission control systems are required to perform even better, in the ongoing effort to reduce vehicle emissions. Catalyst manufacturers, in collaboration with vehicle producers, have spent several years on the research, design, development and testing of catalytic systems to meet the emission standards through to the end of this decade. This paper highlights key technical developments taking place in emission control catalyst technology.
Polymer-Immobilised Clusters of the Platinum Group Metals
Authors: Pomogailo A. D.
Published: February 2024

In this review major developments associated with the synthesis, properties, structure and applications of polymer-immobilised clusters of platinum, palladium, ridium, rhodium, osmium and ruthenium, are presented. Special attention is paid to polymer analogous reactions with metal clusters and new directions involving the polymerisation and copolymerisation of cluster-containing monomers. Some specific features of fixing heterometallic clusters on polymers are examined and the more interesting application of PCNM in catalysis, and future developments in this direction, are discussed.
Industrial Platinum Metals Chemistry Towards the Year 2000
Authors: Ellis P. R.
Published: February 2024

The First Anglo-Dutch Symposium, sponsored by the Royal Society of Chemistry and including the Ludwig Mond Lecture, was hosted on the 18th September 1996 by the University of Sheffield. This symposium covered a wide range of platinum group metals chemistry, illustrating in particular its continuing importance in catalysis and describing some future industrial uses, thus demonstrating the strength of the work being undertaken in both The Netherlands and the U.K.
Platinum: Platinum-Rhodium Thermocouple Wire
Authors: Wu Baoyuan , Liu Ge
Published: February 2024

A new type of platinum:platinum-rhodium thermocouple wire which incorporates traces of yttrium in the platinum limb has been developed and tested in some typical working environments. This thermocouple possesses good thermal stability and mechanical strength at high temperatures, and a long service life, compared with conventional platinum:platinum-rhodium thermocouples. The thermocouple meets the output requirements of the Type S standard for thermocouples — those made of Pt:Pt-10%Rh — whose manufacturing tolerances are prescribed by the International Electrotechnical Commission (I.E.C.)(l). The life of thermocouples made from this wire is increased by around 1.5 to 2 times and they display a greater resistance to contamination.
Long Life Radioisotopic Power Sources Encapsulated in Platinum Metal Alloys
Authors: Franco-Ferreira E. A. , Goodwin G. M. , George T. G. , Rinehart G. H.
Published: February 2024

The platinum metals alloys, DOP-26 iridium and platinum-30 per cent rhodium, have been successfully used to encapsulate plutonia fuel pellets for the Cassini Spacecraft. The iridium-encapsulated heat sources provide approximately 900 watts of electrical power for the spacecraft and its experiments, whereas the platinum alloy clad pellets will supply about 150 watts of heat to various parts of the spacecraft and its lunar probe, Huygens. The particular alloys used on this mission have been selected to fulfil the critical function of maintaining fuel containment during normal service and for projected malfunction or accident scenarios. Their ability to perform satisfactorily has been demonstrated through extensive testing of their mechanical, physical and impact properties. The Cassini heat source manufacturing yields were significantly higher than those obtained for previous missions.
THE PLACE AND IMPORTANCE OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF READING ACTIVITY IN THE LESSONS OF “LITERARY READING” IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Authors:   Jalal-Abad State University named after B.Osmonov, Temirbaeva Gulzad , Maatazimova Gulzat ,   Jalal-Abad State University named after B.Osmonov
Published: February 2024

The article describes the formation and development of the reading activity of primary school students in the lessons of literary reading. In the article, we will consider the importance and place of the formation and development of students' reading activity in the lessons of “Literary reading” in elementary school. It also gives an idea of the concepts of a qualified reader and reading culture. The lesson “Literary reading", reading activity, qualified reader, reading culture. Literary studies and literature classes have an important task – to prepare a qualified and literate reader who is able to understand and aesthetically evaluate the literary work of different eras and peoples, who is able to analyze a large number of domestic and foreign literature. To successfully solve the problem, it is necessary to get acquainted with the concept of "reading culture", consider its main components and further work on the formation of a literate reader through conscious and purposeful formation of reading activity from class to class. In the methodological literature, the concept of reading culture is a combination of interest in a book, extensive acquaintance with various literature, as well as special knowledge about the book and methods of working with it, skills and knowledge will help you read the book to the end. maximum.
Late Devonian antiarch remains (placoderm fish) from the Gilberton Formation, north Queensland
Authors:   Queensland Museum, Young Gavin , Burrow Carole
Published: February 2024

New Devonian fish remains are described from the lower part of the Gilberton Formation of north Queensland, the first identifiable specimens found since the original specimen was described in 1936. They include the first determinable dermal skull bones from this deposit. Some dermal bones of the trunk armour are closely associated, and of similar size with morphology consistent with coming from the same fish, permitting a provisional reconstruction of the ventral wall of trunk armour. The new morphological evidence indicates a form close to the antiarch Remigolepis, and a likely age of late Famennian for the lower fossiliferous strata of the Gilberton Formation.
‘Where is the Aboriginal Act?’: Archibald Meston and the Emergence of the Aboriginal Policy in Queensland
Authors:   Queensland Museum, Memmott Paul , Richards Jonathan
Published: February 2024

Queensland Parliament passed The Aboriginals Protection and Sale of Opium Act in the last weeks of 1897, forcing Indigenous people onto reserves under strict control and stopping the sale of opium to them. The amalgamation of these two legislative elements has not been properly explained in the historical literature, and there has not been, to date, an overview of other preceding, connected Acts that imposed European values and ideologies on Indigenous people. Journalist Archibald Meston’s role is worth carefully investigating to understand the influences underlying this legislation. His co-authors William Parry-Okeden, Arthur Rutledge and Horace Tozer never publicly reflected on their part in the Act’s drafting, but Meston was to later successfully pose as the Act’s sole architect. Meston’s contribution to the Act demands critical inquiry because our research shows that his self-proclaimed “expertise” was mostly opportunistic propaganda. This paper examines the political background to the 1897 Act so as to understand the socio-economic influences that led to the creation of the first legislation that affected all Indigenous people in Queensland, and which was to become the largest and longest-lasting disrupter of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in Queensland after the frontier wars – a significant longitudinal process in Queensland’s history, still reverberating into contemporary times.
EXPLORING THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF LEAF SPRINGS REINFORCED WITH FIBRE COMPOSITES
Authors: P. Sakthivel , S. Santhosh , P. Sivaraman
Published: February 2024

To determine whether eggshell particles can be used as a filler material to improve mechanical properties, this study examines the mechanical characteristics of a hybrid material made of eggshell particles and glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP). To obtain the appropriate particle size, the eggshells are cleaned, crushed, and sieved as part of the experimental approach. The eggshell fragments are then mixed with resin and glass fibres using a vacuum-assisted resin-transfer moulding process to create GFRP composites. The produced GFRP composites’ flexural strength, stiffness, fatigue stability, and other pertinent characteristics are evaluated with practical tests. Notably, certain qualities are enhanced with the inclusion of eggshell particles containing 110 % of the weight of fibroin. In comparison to conventional GFRP composites, which only consider fatigue life during the exhaustion testing phase, the results reveal a 15% increase in the enhancement rate. The findings imply that adding eggshell particles to GFRP composites has tremendous opportunities for progress, notably in automotive applications, and more specifically in the use of leaf springs. The hybrid material’s better mechanical characteristics suggest that it may be possible to improve the performance and longevity of leaf-spring applications. This study advances the investigation of low-cost, environmentally friendly materials for improving composite materials’ mechanical properties in the automobile sector. The application of eco-friendly and effective solutions in the production of automobiles may result from more study and development in this field.
Cómo acercar la competencia científica al ámbito aplicado. Conectar ciencia y deporte
Authors: Ortega-Toro Enrique
Published: February 2024

Si se entiende la competencia científica, como eje vertebrador de los estudiantes universitarios de ciencias de la actividad física y el deporte, será imprescindible acercar y CONECTAR esa ciencia al ámbito aplicado en general y a los deportistas, usuarios, estudiantes, entrenadores/as, federaciones, ayuntamientos, etc., en particular.
STRUCTURAL TYPES OF MUSICONYMS IN THE WORKS OF AMERICAN SONGWRITER AND SINGER LANA DEL REY
Authors:   Odesa Mechnikov National University, Vasylieva Olga
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the study of structural types of musiconyms in the works of an American singer and songwriter Lana del Rey. The branch of linguistics that deals with the study of proper names, their origin, structure and usage is known as onomastics. Onomastics serves to reveal and understand these phenomena as well as their influence on language and culture. There exist such concept as musiconym in onomastics. Musiconyms are a class of artionyms. They are proper names of musical compositions, which include onyms to designate proper names of songs, proper names of instrumental musical works, proper names of collections of songs or instrumental music. In this article, the research focuses on identifying the structural types of musiconyms in Lana Del Rey’s works and distinguishing their role in the perception of the author’s songs. To achieve this goal, the following will be analyzed: the concept of «musiconym», its structural types and musiconyms of an American songwriter Lana del Rey. The elements of the structural method (component analysis) were used in the research, which made it possible to define a structural classification of musiconyms. The main method of the study was one of the methods of structural analysis (component analysis), which made it possible to develop a structural classification of musiconyms, which was divided into three groups: proper names of songs, proper names of instrumental works, proper names of collections of musical works. In terms of structure, proper names of songs (musiconyms) were classified into the following structural types: a) one-component simple non-derivative and derivative onymes: Love, Cherry, Carmen; b) composites per se: Ultraviolence, Honeymoon, Westbound; c) two-component and multi-component word combinations: Lust for Life, Young and Beautiful, Born to Die, Dark Paradise. We see the prospect of the study in analyzing English musiconyms in other singers’ works and also distinguishing structural and lexical-semantic classification of musical works in lingua-cultural aspect.
Machine Learning-Based Rapid Epicentral Distance Estimation from a Single Station
Authors: Zhu Jingbao , Sun Wentao , Zhou Xueying , Yao Kunpeng , Li Shanyou , Song Jindong
Published: February 2024

Rapid epicentral distance estimation is of great significance for earthquake early warning (EEW). To rapidly and reliably predict epicentral distance, we developed machine learning models with multiple feature inputs for epicentral distance estimation using a single station and explored the feasibility of three machine learning methods, namely, Random Forest, eXtreme Gradient Boosting, and Support Vector Machine, for epicentral distance estimation. We used strong-motion data recorded by the Japanese Kyoshin network within a range of 1° (∼112 km) from the epicenter to train machine learning models. We used 30 features extracted from the P-wave signal as inputs to the machine learning models and the epicentral distance as the prediction target of the models. For the same test data set, within 0.1–5 s after the P-wave arrival, the epicentral distance estimation results of these three machine learning models were similar. Furthermore, these three machine learning methods can obtain smaller mean absolute errors and root mean square errors, as well as larger coefficients of determination (R2), for epicentral distance estimation than traditional EEW epicentral distance estimation methods, indicating that these three machine learning models can effectively improve the accuracy of epicentral distance estimation to a certain extent. In addition, we analyzed the importance of different features as inputs to machine learning models using SHapley additive exPlanations. We found that using the top 15 important features as inputs, these three machine learning models can also achieve good results for epicentral distance estimation. Based on our results, we inferred that the machine learning models for estimating epicentral distance proposed in this study are meaningful in EEW.
Modification of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and the Evolution of The Cardiovascular Phenotype of Liver Transplant Recipients in the Long -Term Postoperative Period
Authors: Grigorenko E. A. , Antyukh K. Yu. , Rummo O. O. , Mitkovskaya N. P.
Published: February 2024

Aim. To evaluate the contribution of traditional and additional cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) to the development of chronic ischemic heart disease (CIHD) in liver transplant recipients during the long-term postoperative period.Material and methods. A single-center prospective cohort study was conducted. The study included 740 patients with chronic end-stage liver disease (CESLD) and cirrhotic cardiomyopathy (CCMP). During the observation period (5.4±2.29 years), patients were divided into two groups: liver transplant recipients (n=420) and patients with CESLD on the waiting list who did not receive a donor organ (n=320). In patients enrolled to the study upon inclusion in the waiting list, CVRFs, history, clinical and laboratory and instrumental data were studied at all stages of the hepato-cardiac continuum.Results. During the long-term postoperative period, liver transplant recipients belonged to the group of high cardiovascular risk: over a 5-year observation period, 35.7% (n=150) of them developed metabolic syndrome (MS), 9.8% developed verified CIHD associated with MS. The incidence of traditional CVRFs was high (arterial hypertension, 88.6%; obesity, 36.6%; hypercholesterolemia, 77.8%; hypertriglyceridemia, 43.6%; reduced concentration of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, 35.4%; increased concentrations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, 66.8% and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, 51.2%; increased atherogenic index, 61.5%). During the long-term postoperative period as compared to the period when patients were on the waiting list, additional CVRFs appeared: increases in body mass index, calcium index, nitric oxide metabolites, endothelin-1, homocysteine, intercellular adhesion molecules VCAM-1 and ICAM-1, and decreases in endothelium-dependent vasodilation and glomerular filtration rate to less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2. A model for the development of CIHD was created. The model uses a complex of independent risk factors and demonstrates a predictive accuracy of 84.6%.Conclusion. The study results indicate a modification of CVRFs and a dynamic change in the cardiovascular phenotype of liver transplant recipients: progression of CCMP during their stay on the waiting list, regression of CCMP manifestations during the first 12 months after orthotopic liver transplantation, and increases in the total cardiovascular risk and likelihood of CIHD in the long-term postoperative period.
The Figure of the Commander: Modes of Reflection (Review of the Book by Goulnara Khaydarova “Cultural Practice of the Command”. – Saint Petersburg: Aleteiya, 2022. – 408 p.)
Authors: Chukin S.G.
Published: February 2024

The review raises the question of how one can think of military affairs as a cultural practice and, in particular, how and how much reflection of the commander's figure is possible. The presented monograph is one of the few in the modern domestic humanitarian context devoted to the study of the practice of the order. The author of the monograph on the material of direct observations, as well as studies of the military-theoretical heritage, concerns several issues related to the culture of military thinking and the philosophy of military management. Considerable attention is paid to the current situation of mediarationality, which transforms ideas about war. The review presents an assessment of the contribution of the monograph to the understanding of military culture, its significance for military education is presented, novelty is highlighted, complementary comments and ideas are given, limitations of the author's approach are critically named.
The Problem of the Applicability of the Concept of Paradigm to the Philosophical Process
Authors: Makarenko V.P.
Published: February 2024

Since the second half of the 20th century, Kuhn's concept has been used in philosophy of natural science, sociology and history of science, biology, medicine, political sciences, economics and history of economics, anthropology and history of anthropology, psychology and history of psychoanalysis, theory of art and literature, mathematics, linguistics. A.P. Ogurtsov and S.S. Neretina systematized the controversial issues of this concept, including the question of the qualification of philosophy as a discipline. The author joined this discussion in the process of reconstructing the political philosophy of M.K. Petrov. This article discusses several new topics related to the interpretation of T. Kuhn's concept.
Soviet Political Anthropology Between the Ideology Hammer and the Practice Anvil
Authors: Tulchinskii G.L.
Published: February 2024

The article attempts to explore the relationship between political power and the semantic picture of the world. Its purpose is to consolidate society and legitimize power. The article highlights the importance of the anthropological ideal in shaping the semantic picture of the world, which is formed by social institutions and transmitted by the media. The Soviet experience serves as a striking example of this relationship. Throughout the formation and development of Soviet power, the legitimacy of the regime was supported by Marxism ideology. However, the content of this teaching was systematically altered to suit current political objectives. Additionally, the proclaimed anthropological ideal of the Soviet man was characterized by responsible initiative and an active life position. However, in real social life, strict control and regulation were often enforced, leaving individuals without autonomy from childhood to old age. Ultimately, this has given rise to a paradoxical combination of infantilism, irresponsibility, intolerance, and lack of agreement that is deeply rooted to this day. People find themselves unable to form equal relationships and solve problems independently. We have developed a habit of resolving all issues, whether they are related to production or personal matters, through a vertical approach, using either a complaint or a denunciation. The analysis was conducted from a pragmasemantic perspective, which allows for the operational specification of the contexts of socio-cultural practices and the role of personal subjectivity in the dynamics of these practices. This prospect allows for political engineering based on specific considerations of each society's cultural and historical experiences, real problems, and common interests of social forces and actors, rather than abstract ideas and models. The language used is clear, objective, and value-neutral, with a formal register and precise word choice. The sentence structure is simple and logical, with causal connections between statements. The text is free from grammatical errors, spelling mistakes, and punctuation errors. No changes in content have been made.
The Fate of Mathematician M.Ya. Vygodsky and musician N.Ya. Vygodsky as a Symbol of the Era of Change from Revolutionary Ideals to Stalinist Terror
Authors: Gurov O.N.
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the life and work of brothers Mark and Nikolai Vygodsky in the context of political and cultural events of the XX century. M.Ya. Vygodsky (1898–1965) – an outstanding Soviet mathematician and founder of the Soviet school of the history of mathematics, N.Ya. Vygodsky (1900–1939) – an incredible musician and musicologist. The author aims to present the fate of two extraordinary and talented people in a historical and cultural context, to analyze the connection between life and the epoch. The emphasis is on the brothers' active scientific, creative and social activities before 1935 and subsequent repressions, which illustrate the transition from revolutionary enthusiasm to new conditions. The author, the great-grandson of M.Ya. Vygodsky, uses archive materials, open sources and family memories to fix the contours of the image of scientists who, in various capacities, fell under the repression of the 30s. The author applies a new approach to the analysis of personal destiny within the framework of cultural ego history, developed together with E.V. Salnikova.
Temperaturne spremembe na Balkanskem polotoku med letoma 1961 in 2018
Authors: Tjukajev Patricija
Published: February 2024

V prispevku smo prikazali spremembe temperatur zraka na območju Balkanskega polotoka v obdobju 1961–2018. V obravnavano območje smo vključili države, ki v celoti ali večinsko ustrezajo kriterijem naravnogeografske in družbenogeografske opredelitve Balkanskega polotoka. Analizirane so spremembe povprečnih minimalnih in maksimalnih sezonskih temperatur zraka, ki smo jih tudi kartografsko prikazali. S pomočjo prostorske analize trenda smo kartografsko prikazali tudi območja intenzivnega naraščanja temperatur zraka. Ugotovitve so pokazale na dvig povprečnih minimalnih in maksimalnih temperatur zraka v vseh sezonah po celotnem območju Balkanskega polotoka.
Self-concept and Subjective Well-being of Visually Impaired Adolescents
Authors: Kędzierska Bogna
Published: February 2024

W badaniach empirycznych prowadzonych w nurcie tzw. ,,psychologii szczęścia’’ jedną z coraz częściej wykorzystywanych kategorii, jest kategoria zadowolenia z życia (subjective well-being) (Czapiński, 1994; Diener, 1996; Agryle, 2004). W sytuacji analizowania zadowolenia z życia osób niepełnosprawnych, szczególnego znaczenia nabiera założenie, zgodnie z którym uszkodzenie organizmu nie musi prowadzić wyłącznie do określonych, negatywnych skutków psychologicznych czy społecznych. Uszkodzenie czy dysfunkcja organizmu mogą tylko zwiększać prawdopodobieństwo pojawienia się trudności, które mogą być przeżywane jako sytuacje stresowe (Kowalik, 1996, 2000). Celem powyższego artykułu jest analiza poziomu zadowolenia z życia oraz sposobu postrzegania siebie (realnego obrazu siebie) młodzieży niedowidzącej. Prezentowane wyniki stanowią część szerszych badań poszukujących psychologicznych wyznaczników zadowolenia z życia wśród zmiennych psychologicznych określanych w literaturze jako zasoby osobiste w radzeniu sobie ze stresem. Do pomiaru zmiennych wykorzystano: Skale Satysfakcji z Życia – SWLS (E. Diener i in., 1985), Skale˛ Emocje (B. Wojciszke i in., 1998), Test Przymiotnikowy ACL 37 (H. Gough i A. Heilbrun, 1980).
Organisational stress
Authors: Świętochowski Waldemar
Published: February 2024

Tematem prezentowanego artykułu jest stres charakteryzujący organizacje, szczególnie organizacje typu biznesowego. Autor uzasadnia tezę, że zjawisko stresu może dotyczyć nie tylko jednostki, ale także innych struktur, m. in. tak złożonych, jak organizacje. Za teoretyczny punkt wyjścia przyjmuje przy tym koncepcję systemową. W artykule wymienione zostały najważniejsze przyczyny, a także następstwa organizacyjnego stresu. W artykule zostały również scharakteryzowane i porównane dwie dominujące strategie w zakresie radzenie sobie z omawianą formą stresu: strategia indywidualistyczna i organizacyjna.
Capitanejo bajo fuego: memorias de una toma guerrillera
Authors: Toloza Núñez Germán Guillermo , Figueroa Salamanca Helwar Hernando
Published: February 2024

El texto narra los acontecimientos ocurridos la noche del 30 de agosto de 1996 cuando las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia-Ejército del Pueblo (FARC-EP) se tomaron el Municipio de Capitanejo-Santander, la forma como los habitantes recuerdan este evento y el significado que tiene para los habitantes de Capitanejo este relato del pasado cargado de violencia. El estudio se basó en entrevistas semiestructuradas, contrastadas con prensa de la época, algunos archivos de la policía y las investigaciones sobre el conflicto armado en la región; información leída a la luz de los aportes teóricos de Pierre Nora, Roger Chartier y Danièle Hervieu-Léger. Se resalta cómo los capitanejanos re-memoran esa noche, descrita como el inicio de un nuevo ciclo de violencia, pues después de establecida la guerrilla llegaron los paramilitares; reforzando así un pasado violento, que pareciera, por momentos, los identifica colectivamente. Los recuerdos de esa trágica noche y las narraciones de los capitanejanos demuestran cómo las memomorias y las representaciones han aportado en la construcción de una identidad común alrededor de la violencia llevando a un desconocimiento de su pasado diverso y el esfuerzo en la busquedad de una vida digna y en paz.
A Bibliometric Analysis Study of Global Academic Articles on Malaria and Contribution of Türkiye
Authors: Aydemir Selahattin , Diril Halit , Alkan Sevil , Barlık Fethi , Ekici Abdurrahman
Published: February 2024

Objective: Malaria is a parasitic infection that has a significant negative influence on public health around the world, including Türkiye in recent years with the prevalence of imported cases. This study was conducted to provide a bibliometric analysis of publications on malaria in Türkiye and worldwide, and to determine Türkiye's current position in malaria research.
Methods: This study was observational, descriptive, and retrospective designed study and utilized scientometric technique and scientific mapping. The research was conducted in the Web of Science online database. The MESH keywords (malaria OR plasmodium) were used. The title (TI) field and only Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-E) index was used for the search queries. The following inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied: The studies published after the end of 2022 were excluded and only the articles were chosen according to the document type.
Results: On the basis of the defined search, 31376 articles were extracted from the WoS database indexed in the SCI-E category, for the period 1970-2022. The earliest article was published in 1970 and the most of the articles were published in 2021 (n=1274). There was a growth in publications number since end of the 1970s. A total 469 countries contributed the malaria literature. The United States of America (USA) (32.07%), England (18.56%) and France (9.90%) were the leading countries on the malaria literature according to the published article numbers. Türkiye ranked in 71st. A total of 80 articles were retrieved according to search criteria. The articles were cited 1347 times totally and 17.75 times per article. The mean of H index was 18. The earliest articles were published in 1987. The number of articles limited but since 2005 never dropped below two articles per year.
Conclusion: Scientific production from Türkiye is low. This topic can be improved by increasing both the financial support for and the involvement of researchers in national and international collaborative research projects.
A criminalização dos Capoeiras
Authors: Santos Womualy Gonzaga dos
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: Compreender o processo de criminalização do corpo negro a partir das maltas de capoeiras, a fim de contribuir para o combate à naturalização de sua marginalidade. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, exploratória e descritiva, a partir do método materialista histórico-dialético, com o intuito de investigar as múltiplas determinações em que os negros estavam imersos, buscando entender a síntese e as contradições das concepções que o criminalizaram. Resultados e discussão: Encontrou-se que a criminalização do negro capoeira se deu em um contexto ampliado de criminalização do negro, com o objetivo de controle social e regulação do corpo do trabalhador negro no Brasil, em um projeto de disciplinação. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o conhecimento dos conflitos em que os grupos organizados de capoeiras estavam incluídos remetiam à luta de classes empreendidas por estes contra o colonialismo escravista no Brasil sendo importante entender tais conflitos para refutar visões racistas de um corpo negro “naturalmente propenso ao crime e à vadiagem”, como ainda atualmente é observado em parte da bibliografia que analisa o negro Capoeira.
A prática da capoeira modifica a noção de corpo de pessoas com deficiência intelectual?
Authors: Rocha Paulo Gabriel Lima , Simim Mário Antônio de Moura , Pereira Antonino Manuel de Almeida , Aranha Ágata Cristina Marques
Published: February 2024

Introdução: Pessoas com Deficiência Intelectual (DI) apresentam dificuldades no desenvolvimento das habilidades psicomotoras, principalmente na noção de corpo. Objetivo:  Identificar se uma intervenção com a capoeira modifica o perfil psicomotor da noção de corpo de pessoas com DI. Metodologia: Participaram 10 alunos com DI (Masculino: n = 7, 70%; Feminino: n = 3, 30%; Idade: 15±9 anos). Foi aplicado o teste de desenho do corpo presente na Bateria Psicomotora - BPM de Fonseca (2012). Resultados e discussão: Nossos achados indicam que após a intervenção com a capoeira (8 semanas) os alunos melhoraram as suas representações corporais, principalmente no reconhecimento do esquema corporal e reconhecimento dos pormenores anatômicos. Conclusão: Concluímos que o programa de capoeira para pessoas com DI foi eficiente para a modificação da noção de corpo dos participantes da pesquisa.
Momentos sonoros de Antropologia
Authors: Carmo Milena Mateuzi , Fleischer Soraya
Published: February 2024

Conheci a Milena Mateuzi em 2022. Eu e outras colegas antropólogas, que também trabalham com a produção de podcasts, organizamos e oferecemos a oficina “Podcasts e Antropologia: formas de produção, possibilidades de uso no ensino, pesquisa, extensão e divulgação científica” na 33ª Reunião Brasileira de Antropologia (RBA), um evento bienal de nossa associação profissional. A oficina começava bem cedo, 8h da manhã, e poucas pessoas chegavam pontualmente, ainda mais porque era o mês de agosto e grande parte do país estava com temperaturas invernais. Milena estava sempre lá na hora, com um cachecol e uma caneca fumegante, com a câmera aberta, observando tudo, anotando mais ainda, fazendo perguntas no microfone e no chat. Era visível o seu interesse pelo podcast como mídia para comunicar a Antropologia. Esse primeiro momento já foi de encontro, troca e identidade.
Real-world effectiveness and safety of goserelin 10.8-mg depot in Chinese patients with localized or locally advanced prostate cancer
Authors: Chen Nanhui , Wang Zengjun , Chen Ming , Ma Qi , He Yi , Wang Yujie , Li Xin , Qiu Mingxing , Shi Lei , Zhu Shaoxing , Xie Qun , Liu Xiuheng , Shi Benkang , Lin Guowen , Yang Weizhong , Liao Yongbin , Zhang Haibin , Wang Shusheng , Li Jiexian , Wang Shaogang , Dong Lijun , Chen Hui , Lu Jiaju , Cheng Yongyi , Zhang Xiaoping , Ma Lulin , Zhou Liqun , Wang He , Li Shen , Ye Dingwei
Published: February 2024

Objective: Real-word data on long-acting luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists in Chinese patients with prostate cancer are limited. This study aimed to determine the real-world effectiveness and safety of the LHRH agonist, goserelin, particularly the long-acting 10.8-mg depot formulation, and the follow-up patterns among Chinese prostate cancer patients. Methods: This was a multicenter, prospective, observational study in hormone treatment-naïve patients with localized or locally advanced prostate cancer who were prescribed goserelin 10.8-mg depot every 12 weeks or 3.6-mg depot every 4 weeks with or without an anti-androgen. The patients had follow-up evaluations for 26 weeks. The primary outcome was the effectiveness of goserelin in reducing serum testosterone and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. The secondary outcomes included testosterone and PSA levels, attainment of chemical castration (serum testosterone <50 ng/dL), and goserelin safety. The exploratory outcome was the monitoring pattern for serum testosterone and PSA. All analyses were descriptive. Results: Between September 2017 and December 2019, a total of 294 eligible patients received ≥ 1 dose of goserelin; 287 patients (97.6%) were treated with goserelin 10.8-mg depot. At week 24 ± 2, the changes from baseline [standard deviation (95% confidence interval)] in serum testosterone (n = 99) and PSA (n = 131) were −401.0 ng/dL [308.4 ng/dL (−462.5, −339.5 ng/dL)] and −35.4 ng/mL [104.4 ng/mL (−53.5, −17.4 ng/mL)], respectively. Of 112 evaluable patients, 100 (90.2%) achieved a serum testosterone level < 50 ng/dL. Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and severe TEAEs occurred in 37.1% and 10.2% of patients, respectively. The mean testing frequency (standard deviation) was 1.6 (1.5) for testosterone and 2.2 (1.6) for PSA. Conclusions: Goserelin 10.8-mg depot effectively achieved and maintained castration and was well-tolerated in Chinese patients with localized and locally advanced prostate cancer.
Mediatization as a Transformation of Management Practices in Media Industry
Authors: Kolomiets V. P.
Published: February 2024

The article implements the idea of mediatization as a process of transformation of mass communication industry. Nowadays, the current system of mass communication is under the pressure of digital transit, which is transgressive in nature. It breaks traditional business patterns; requires business administration to make mental changes in thinking and management practices; creates the highest level of tension among media managers. The article attempts to conceptualize (through the analysis of industrial ‘points of tension’: between television and online video – players of the cross-media measurement) some aspects of the digital transformation of the media industry and industrial management practices. The conflict between the digital environment generated by the relatively free development of the Internet and the purposefully organized and institutionalized state-controlled media lies at the core of this transformation.
Reading as Media Consumption: Modern Russian Features
Authors: Belenko V. E.
Published: February 2024

In recent years, the processes of media consumption have exposed a significant transformation. The place of reading in its structure also has changed. The article discusses the similarities between reading books and magazines as a process itself and sociocultural practice. The author suggests that book, magazine and news media consumption is in a relationship of mutual support and mutual influence. The author argues that the habit of such "long" reading is being influenced by crisis phenomena in the periodical segment: a sharp decline in readership, a decline in print circulation and difficulty in accessing. In recent years, the focus on electronic formats of publications has been the main direction in the transformation of reader practices. If e-books are considered as the same "long” reading practice, the similarity with media consumption practices on the Internet, especially in social networks, is doubtful. Despite the fact that in the Internet and social networks the audience also "reads", the intellectual ethic of consuming quick unrelated pieces of information from a variety of sources is changing this sociocultural practice itself. Soon, book reading, quite possibly, will depend on the accumulated practices of Internet surfing, Internet reading and the ability of people to deal with long texts.
Improving Hardenability Modeling: A Bayesian Optimization Approach to Tuning Hyperparameters for Neural Networks Regression
Authors: Gemechu Wendimu Fanta , Sitek Wojciech , Batalha Gilmar Ferreira
Published: February 2024

This study investigates the application of regression neural networks, in particular the fitrnet model, in predicting the hardness of steels. The experiments involve extensive tuning of hyperparameters using Bayesian optimization and employ 5-fold and 10-fold cross-validation schemes. The trained models are rigorously evaluated, and their performances are compared using various metrics such as mean square error (MSE), root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and coefficient of determination (R2). The results provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of the models and their ability to generalize to unseen data. In particular, Model 4208 (8-85-141-1) emerges as the top performer with an impressive RMSE of 1.0790 and an R² of 0.9900. The research paper contains an illustrative example that demonstrates the practical application of the developed model in determining the hardenability band for a specific steel grade and shows the effectiveness of the model in predicting and optimizing heat treatment results.
A Coupled Finite-Boundary Element Method for Efficient Dynamic Structure-Soil-Structure Interaction Modeling
Authors: Azhir Parham , Asgari Marnani Jafar , Panji Mehdi , Rohanimanesh Mohammad Sadegh
Published: February 2024

This paper introduces an innovative approach to numerically model Structure-Soil-Structure Interaction (SSSI) by integrating the Boundary Element Method (BEM) and the Finite Element Method (FEM) in a coupled manner. To assess the accuracy of the proposed method, a comparative study is undertaken, comparing its outcomes with those generated by the conventional FEM technique. Alongside accuracy, the computational efficiency aspect is crucial for the analysis of large-scale SSSI problems. Hence, the computational performance of the coupled BEM-FEM method undergoes a thorough examination and is compared with that of the standalone FEM method. The results from these comparisons illustrate the superior capabilities of the proposed method in comparison to the FEM method. The novel approach provides more reliable results compared to traditional FEM methods, serving as a valuable tool for engineers and researchers involved in structural analysis and design.
The Effect of Critical Distance in Digital Levelling
Authors: Izvoltova Jana , Chromčák Jakub , Bačová Daša
Published: February 2024

Critical distance concerns precise digital levelling, which has inaccurate results at a certain sighting distance. The influence of critical distance on a measured height difference has been confirmed by calibrating certain digital levels and their appropriate code devices on a vertical comparator under laboratory conditions. The paper describes the research based on experimental measurements done to find the influence of critical distance on height differences obtained by precise digital levels of Leica NA3003 and DNA03. The processing of the measurement results consisted of de-fining a random error on a station by using parameter estimation of an error model to specify a partial error on a station dependent on sighting distance and then the processing phase continues with the finding the relation between sighting distance and dispersion of height differences ac-quired by digital levelling under terrain conditions. The theoretical part involves the development of levelling accuracy theories that vary over time by view on random and systematic error propagation. The numerical and graphical solution of the experimental measurements involves ordering the height differences into sighting groups according to the sighting distances and the computed standard deviations, which represent a measure of height differences dispersion. The suspicious sighting groups are highlighted in the table and compared with theoretical data pro-vided by authors of calibrating the same digital levels
Institutionalizing projectification – the case of Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Wagner Reinhard Friedrich , Radujkovic Mladen
Published: February 2024

The extent to which projects are established as an organizational form in society to cope with various challenges has been analyzed extensively in research under the term ‘projectification.’ However, it remains unclear how the projectification at the level of society begins and which actors are involved in its institutionalization. Drawing on an explanatory case study in post-Soviet Kyrgyzstan, responses are provided to these questions and propositions for further research. The country is undertaking reforms as part of its ongoing transformation, which includes professional implementation of projects, particularly in the public sector. These activities are, to some extent, based on the developments in project management in neighboring Kazakhstan, where a presidential decree also constituted a first step towards the institutionalization of projectification. It later found its way into relevant sectors and to key actors via the presidential administration, primarily through regulative and normative institutions. Due to increased international cooperation, the number and importance of projects in Kyrgyzstan will continue to increase in the coming years, requiring greater emphasis on projectification. The results are informative for research into projectification and for those involved in countries with comparable situations.
Supplementation for Performance and Health in Patients with Phenylketonuria: An Exercise-Based Approach to Improving Dietary Adherence
Authors: González-Lamuño Domingo , Morencos Carmenmelina , Arrieta Francisco Jesús , Venegas Eva , Vicente-Rodríguez Germán , Casajus Jose Antonio , Couce Maria luz , Aldámiz-Echevarría Luis
Published: February 2024

Proteins play a pivotal role in supporting athletes by promoting muscle hypertrophy and minimizing protein catabolism during exercise. They stimulate muscle protein synthesis, aiding in the repair of exercise-induced muscle damage and serving as an energy source, particularly for post-exercise glycogen replenishment. In individuals with phenylketonuria (PKU), for whom protein intake is limited to essential phenylalanine (Phe), supplementation with Phe-free amino acids or glycomacropeptides is necessary. Tailored for macronutrient and micronutrient content, these protein substitutes fulfill most protein requirements, but lack Phe, unlike dietary sources of protein. Protein requirements for athletes with PKU exceed general recommendations due to limited availability in supplements and potential catabolism mitigation. Various factors influence tolerated dietary Phe in PKU, including protein substitute quantity, distribution, pharmacological treatment, age, growth rate, pregnancy, catabolic states, and physical activity. While general protein requirements for PKU surpass those of the general population, adherence to supplement regimens is crucial for athletes and patients with PKU. Strategically timed protein substitutes enhance muscle protein synthesis, body composition, and sports performance within safety limits. Individualized intake is essential for optimal outcomes, as proteins have a multifaceted role in optimizing athletic performance and addressing challenges in PKU.