bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Robust fused hypergraph neural networks for multi-label classification
Authors: Wang Kaixiang , Yang Ming , Yang Wanqi , Wang Lei
Published: June 2022

Deep neural networks have been adopted in multi-label classification for their excellent performance, however, existing methods fail to comprehensively utilize the high-order correlations between instances and the high-order correlations between labels, and these methods are difficult to deal with label noise effectively. We propose a novel end-to-end deep framework named Robust Fused Hypergraph Neural Networks for Multi-Label Classification (RFHNN), which can effectively utilize the two kinds of high-order correlations and adopt them to mitigate the impact of label noise. In RFHNN, Hypergraph Neural Networks (HNNs) are adopted to mine and utilize the high-order correlations of the instances in the feature space and the label space respectively. The high-order correlations of the instances can not only improve the accuracy of the classification and the discrimination of the proposed model, but also lay the foundation for the subsequent noise correction module. Meanwhile, a hypergraph construction method based on the Apriori algorithm is proposed to realize Hypergraph Neural Networks (HNNs), which can mine robust second-order and high-order label correlations effectively. Effective classifiers are learned based on the correlations between the labels, which will not only improve the accuracy of the model, but can also enhance the subsequent noise correction module. In addition, we have designed a noise correction module in the networks. With the help of the high-order correlations among the instances and the effective classifier, the framework can effectively correct the noise and improve the robustness of the model. Extensive experimental results on datasets demonstrate that our proposed approach is better than the state-of-the-art multi-label classification algorithms. When dealing with the multi-label training datasets with noise in the label space, our proposed method also has great performance.
The Black Box of Technological Outcome Measures: An Example in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Naarding Karin J. , Janssen Mariska M.H.P. , Boon Ruben D. , Bank Paulina J.M. , Matthew Robert P. , Kurillo Gregorij , Han Jay J. , Verschuuren Jan J.G.M. , de Groot Imelda J.M. , van der Holst Menno , Kan Hermien E. , Niks Erik H.
Published: June 2022

Background: Outcome measures for non-ambulant Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients are limited, with only the Performance of the Upper Limb (PUL) approved as endpoint for clinical trials. Objective: We assessed four outcome measures based on devices developed for the gaming industry, aiming to overcome disadvantages of observer-dependency and motivation. Methods: Twenty-two non-ambulant DMD patients (range 8.6–24.1 years) and 14 healthy controls (HC; range 9.5–25.4 years) were studied at baseline and 16 patients at 12 months using Leap Motion to quantify wrist/hand active range of motion (aROM) and a Kinect sensor for reached volume with Ability Captured Through Interactive Video Evaluation (ACTIVE), Functional Workspace (FWS) summed distance to seven upper extremity body points, and trunk compensation (KinectTC). PUL 2.0 was performed in patients only. A stepwise approach assessed quality control, construct validity, reliability, concurrent validity, longitudinal change and patient perception. Results: Leap Motion aROM distinguished patients and HCs for supination, radial deviation and wrist flexion (range p = 0.006 to <0.001). Reliability was low and the manufacturer’s hand model did not match the sensor’s depth images. ACTIVE differed between patients and HCs (p < 0.001), correlated with PUL (rho = 0.76), and decreased over time (p = 0.030) with a standardized response mean (SRM) of –0.61. It was appraised as fun on a 10-point numeric rating scale (median 9/10). PUL decreased over time (p < 0.001) with an SRM of –1.28, and was appraised as fun (median 7/10). FWS summed distance distinguished patients and HCs (p < 0.001), but reliability in patients was insufficient. KinectTC differed between patients and HCs (p < 0.01), but correlated insufficiently with PUL (rho = –0.69). Conclusions: Only ACTIVE qualified as potential outcome measure in non-ambulant DMD patients, although the SRM was below the commonly used threshold of 0.8. Lack of insight in technological constraints due to intellectual property and software updates made the technology behind these outcome measures a kind of black box that could jeopardize long-term use in clinical development.
Comparing Deflazacort and Prednisone in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Biggar W. Douglas , Skalsky Andrew , McDonald Craig M.
Published: June 2022

Deflazacort and prednisone/prednisolone are the current standard of care for patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) based on evidence that they improve muscle strength, improve timed motor function, delay loss of ambulation, improve pulmonary function, reduce the need for scoliosis surgery, delay onset of cardiomyopathy, and increase survival. Both have been used off-label for many years (choice dependent on patient preference, cost, and geographic location) before FDA approval of deflazacort for DMD in 2017. In this review, we compare deflazacort and prednisone/prednisolone in terms of their key pharmacological features, relative efficacy, and safety profiles in patients with DMD. Differentiating features include lipid solubility, pharmacokinetics, changes in gene expression profiles, affinity for the mineralocorticoid receptor, and impact on glucose metabolism. Evidence from randomized clinical trials, prospective studies, meta-analyses, and post-hoc analyses suggests that patients receiving deflazacort experience similar or slower rates of functional decline compared with those receiving prednisone/prednisolone. Regarding side effects, weight gain and behavior side effects appear to be greater with prednisone/prednisolone than with deflazacort, whereas bone health, growth parameters, and cataracts appear worse with deflazacort.
Is environmental enrichment useful for stroke and other non-progressive brain injury? A Cochrane Review summary with commentary
Authors: Afridi Ayesha , Rathore Farooq Azam
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND: Stroke and other traumatic brain injuries are the leading causes of global disability in adults. Environmental enrichment for neurological diseases is a relatively new concept within rehabilitation. These are interventions to enhance the level of somatic and social stimulation by providing an engaging environment. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of environmental enrichment on well-being, functional recovery, activity levels and quality of life in people who have stroke or non-progressive brain injury. METHODS: Multiple global databases were searched on 26 October 2020. Aim was to include only the randomized controlled trials that compared environmental enrichment with standard services. RESULTS: A single RCT study with 53 participants with stroke was included. It compared the environmental enrichment (physical, cognitive and social activities such as reading material, board and card games, gaming technology, music, artwork, and computer with Internet) with standard services in an inpatient rehabilitation setting. The evidence was of very low quality and follow up was of 3 months only. CONCLUSIONS: The current data are inconclusive and there is a need for well-designed large-scale trials to study the role of environmental enrichment in the functional recovery of neurological diseases.
How effective and safe are non-drug treatments for spatial neglect following non-progressive brain injury? A Cochrane Review summary with commentary
Authors: Young Vanessa M.
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND: Around 30% of stroke survivors experience spatial neglect. Spatial neglect hinders rehabilitation outcomes and increases the risk of injury. Non-pharmacological interventions are available, yet their efficacy is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions for spatial neglect (inattention) following stroke and other non-progressive brain injuries. METHODS: A summary of the Cochrane Review by Longley et al. 2020, with comments from a rehabilitation perspective. RESULTS: A total of 43 studies were included in meta-analysis and the quality of evidence was very low for all analyses. The benefits or risks associated with each intervention for spatial neglect including visual treatment, prism adaptation training, body awareness, mental function, movement treatment, non-invasive brain stimulation, electrical stimulation, and acupuncture remain unclear. CONCLUSIONS: Evidence in support or against the treatments is sparse and more rigorous studies are needed to evaluate their efficacy. Clinicians should continue to follow current guidelines when available to meet patients’ rehabilitation goals.
Influencing factors on knowledge sharing in virtual teams
Authors: Tietz Stephanie , Werner Katja
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND: The importance of virtual work is growing. Especially in knowledge-intensive, dynamic and international sectors, virtual teams have become an ubiquitous work form, promising more flexibility and higher performance. To solve complex problems they have to share and assimilate knowledge, but it is difficult in virtual contexts to overcome social distance and to avoid communication issues. Knowledge sharing in virtual teams may be more prone to errors and take more time. OBJECTIVE: Current studies mainly consider a one-sided perspective, either focusing on technical or human influencing factors for effective knowledge sharing in virtual teams, but not on the interaction between these. This study addresses that gap by exploring success-critical factors for knowledge sharing by using the socio-technical systems-approach. METHODS: The database of the study consists of 26 in-depth interviews. The interviews were partially structured and based on the Critical Incident Technique. Using a deductive categorization scheme consisting of four main categories and 21 subcategories, the frequencies and overlaps of influencing factors on successful knowledge sharing in virtual teams were examined. RESULTS: Each critical incident reported included factors from all four main categories (technology, structure, people and task) with specific frequencies and connections. Structural influencing factors as well as technological factors are mentioned particularly frequently together. CONCLUSION: The results of the study underline the importance of an integrated socio-technical view on knowledge sharing in virtual teams. Technical and social factors need to be considered simultaneously. The findings can be used for designing and optimizing knowledge sharing processes in virtual teams.
Advantages of virtual reality for the participative design of work processes: An integrative perspective
Authors: Straatmann Tammo , Schumacher Jan-Philip , Koßmann Cosima , Poehler Ludger , Teuteberg Frank , Mueller Karsten , Hamborg Kai-Christoph
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND: The participative design of work processes is hampered by as-yet unresolved challenges. A root cause is seen in high information-pass-on-barriers. Virtual Reality (VR) may have a significant potential to overcome these challenges. Yet, there is no systematic understanding of which advantages provided by VR can support the participative design of work processes. OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to assess the potential of VR to support the participative design of work processes by conducting an integrative literature review identifying the advantages of VR in general work contexts and mapping them to known challenges in participative design of work processes. METHODS: The integrative literature review was conducted based on 268 sources of which 52 were considered for an in-depth analysis of the advantages offered by VR. RESULTS: The resulting conceptual framework consisted of 13 characteristic-related advantages (e.g., immersion, interactivity, flexibility) and 10 effect-related advantages (e.g., attractivity, involvement, cost efficiency) which readily address known challenges in the participative design of work processes. CONCLUSION: Mapping the advantages of VR to the challenges in participative design of work processes revealed a substantial potential of VR to overcome high information-pass-on-barriers. As such, employing VR in work process design initiatives represents a fruitful avenue for the promotion of prevention and employee health.
Early prognosis of preeclampsia risk based on visual disorders and hemostatic abnormalities
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Kudinova E.G. , Mozharina K.I. ,   Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Published: June 2022

Aim: to analyze subjective and objective parameters of eye functioning and evaluate the role of hemostasis abnormalities for shaping groups of high risk for preeclampsia. Patients and Methods: 58 women were examined (history taking, eye and obstetric-gynecological exams, lab tests) to assess their ocular, somatic, and reproductive status and pregnancy course in the third trimester. Twenty-five women were diagnosed with preeclampsia: 13 women without ametropia at baseline were included in group 2, and 12 women with myopia prior to pregnancy were included in group 3. Controls were pregnant women without preeclampsia, i.e., 18 women with healthy pregnancy but no myopia, and 15 pregnant women without preeclampsia but with myopia. In addition, fibrinogen, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), soluble fibrin monomer complex (SFMC), and platelets were measured. Results: subjective and objective symptoms of visual disorders in pregnant women associated with hemostatic abnormalities were identified. These signs are considered preeclampsia predictors. The history of reproductive loss, headaches, and visual disorders during pregnancy are typical for preeclampsia women. Most susceptible individuals are women with preeclampsia and myopia who present with complaints of floaters, scotomas, photopsia, and diplopia. These signs illustrate vascular ischemia. Other relevant parameters are reduced platelet count (p<0.01) and APTT (p<0.01), and increased fibrinogen (p<0.01) and SFMC (p<0.002). Conclusion: careful diagnosis of cerebral neurological signs and visual disorders allows for timely diagnostic search and valid peripheral blood and hemostasis testing to improve management of these women and shape risk groups of preeclampsia without lethal complications. KEYWORDS: eye, eye fundus, myopia, photopsia, scotoma, diplopia, reproductive loss, preeclampsia, hemostasis. FOR CITATION: Kudinova E.G., Mozharina K.I. Early prognosis of preeclampsia risk based on visual disorders and hemostatic abnormalities. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(2):100–105 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-2-100-105
Effect of the COVID-19 infection on the menstrual function in women of reproductive age
Authors:   Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russian Federation, Mal’tseva A.N.
Published: June 2022

Aim: to assess the effect of the COVID-19 infection on the menstrual function in women of reproductive age. Patients and Methods: the study group included 20 women who experienced COVID-19 and presented with menstrual disorders after infection. The study group was divided into two subgroups, i.e., women with mild (n=10) or severe (n=10) COVID-19 infection (subgroups 1 and 2, respectively). The control group included ten women without a history of COVID-19 infection and menstrual disorders. Hormone levels and hemostasis were evaluated, Doppler ultrasound (US) of basal and spiral arteries and ovarian arteries was performed in all women. Results: the mean age was 28.5±1.28 years in both groups. The period duration was 28.3±1.21 days in the control group and 53.1±0.84 days in the study group (i.e., 1.9-times greater, p<0.05). The rate of ovulatory cycles was 100% in the study group. The rate of anovulatory cycles was 25.8% in subgroup 1 and 77.8% in subgroup 2. Endometrial thickness (by US) was 10.64 [10.4; 11.1] mm in the control group, 6.31 [6.12; 6.87] mm in subgroup 1 and 3.20 [3.12; 3.45] mm in subgroup 2 (p<0.05). Significant abnormalities in hormone levels, endometrial hemodynamics, and hemogram parameters were detected in the study group compared to the control group. Moreover, in women with severe COVID-19 infection, these abnormalities were much more significant. Conclusion: in women of reproductive age who experienced COVID-19 infection, menstrual disorders were revealed based on hormone levels, hemostasis, and pelvic hemodynamics. KEYWORDS: coronavirus infection, COVID-19, menstrual function, reproductive period, Doppler ultrasound, hemodynamics, thrombosis, hemostasis. FOR CITATION: Mal’tseva A.N. Effect of the COVID-19 infection on the menstrual function in women of reproductive age. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(2):112–117 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-2-112-117.
Effect of drospirenone-containing combined oral contraceptive pills on anthropometric and sonographic characteristics and carbohydrate metabolism parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Saprykina L.V. , Narimanova M.R. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Ibragimova D.M. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: June 2022

Background: polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder affecting 10% of women of reproductive age. Combined oral contraceptive pills (COCP) are effective in PCOS. Drospirenone is a new progestin with properties similar to natural progesterone (including anti-mineralocorticoid and antiandrogenic activities). Aim: to evaluate the effect of drospirenone-containing COCP (20 μg ethinylestradiol and 3 mg drospirenone) on anthropometric and sonographic characteristics, and carbohydrate metabolism parameters in women with PCOS. Patients and Methods: this prospective study enrolled 22 women of reproductive age (mean age 22.1±0.5 years) with PCOS. All females were treated during six cycles (28 days each). At baseline and 6 months after starting treatment, anthropometric (body mass index/BMI, waist-to- hip ratio/WHR) and sonographic (ovary volume) characteristics, and carbohydrate metabolism parameters (plasma insulin, fasting glucose, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance/HOMA-IR) were assessed. Results: 6 months after starting treatment, a significant (p<0.05) reduction in BMI (from 22.54±0.43 kg/m2 to 20.86±0.26 kg/m2), WHR (from 0.81±0.01 to 0.78±0.01), and ovary volume (left ovary: from 12.75±0.43 cm3 to 8.05±0.15 cm3; right ovary: from 13.0±0.54 cm3 to 8.63±0.14 cm3) was reported. Meanwhile, no significant (р>0.05) changes in plasma insulin concentration (9.91±0.42 μU/ml vs. 9.52±0.31 μU/ml), fasting blood glucose (4.95±0.08 mmol/l vs. 4.9±0.07 mmol/l), and HOMA-IR (3.2±1.12 vs. 3.06±0.07) compared to baseline levels were reported. The most common side effects were headache or dizziness (n=3, 13.6%), nausea (n=2, 9.1%) and irregular bleeding (n=3, 13.6%). Conclusion: drospirenone-containing COCP has a beneficial effect on anthropometric paramaters and ovary volume but does not affect carbohydrate metabolism. This drug is characterized by excellent compliance. KEYWORDS: polycystic ovary syndrome, drospirenone, body mass index, waist-hip ratio, reproductive age, ovary volume, glucose, insulin, carbohydrates, HOMA-IR. FOR CITATION: Saprykina L.V., Narimanova M.R., Ibragimova D.M. Effect of drospirenone-containing combined oral contraceptive pills on anthropometric and sonographic characteristics and carbohydrate metabolism parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(2):118–121 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-2-118-121.
Uncontrolled course of respiratory allergic diseases in pregnant women
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Paschenko A.A. , Dobrokhotova Yu.E. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Fomina D.S. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 52, Moscow, Russian Federation,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Pashchenko M.G. ,   P.V. Mandryka Central Military Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: June 2022

The article presents the analysis of literature data on the pathogenesis, course and pharmacotherapy in pregnancy during respiratory allergic diseases. The article also considers the systematized ARIA recommendations (Updated 2020) on the diagnosis and pharmacotherapy of allergic rhinitis (AR) in pregnancy, differential diagnosis concerning nasal breathing disorders of atopic and non-atopic etiology during gestation, and the developed therapeutic methods for the patient management (in particular, pregnant women) with an allergic phenotype (a combination of asthma with allergic rhinitis and/or atopic dermatitis). The association between the uncontrolled course of allergic rhinitis in pregnant women and the risk of the bronchial asthma onset has been proven. Of utmost importance, for improving perinatal outcomes is the optimization of therapy and symptom control of allergic diseases during pregnancy in the interdisciplinary practice of an obstetrician-gynecologist and allergist/immunologist. AR in pregnancy should be differentiated from the most common form of nasal breathing disorders in pregnant women — vasomotor rhinitis. Severe uncontrolled vasomotor rhinitis in pregnant women, as an individual nosological form, can worsen the existing AR and bronchial asthma course. The authors present a mathod for the AR step therapy based on pharmacological characteristics and safety profile of drugs in pregnancy. KEYWORDS: allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, pregnancy, vasomotor rhinitis of pregnant women, pharmacotherapy, obstetric complications. FOR CITATION: Paschenko A.A., Dobrokhotova Yu.E., Fomina D.S., Pashchenko M.G. Uncontrolled course of respiratory allergic diseases in pregnant women. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(2):122–128 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430- 2022-5-2-122-128.
Pathogenic basis for the use of a combined analgesic for pain relief in primary dysmenorrhea
Authors:   Rostov State Medical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Chebotareva Yu.Yu. , Petrov Yu.A. ,   Rostov State Medical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
Published: June 2022

Dysmenorrhea is a complex of symptoms that most commonly occurs a day before or on the first day of menstruation. This paper describes in detail risk factors and prevalence of the primary and secondary dysmenorrhea. The authors discuss the etiology and pathogenesis of period pain, the mechanism of analgesic action of combined analgesic, and its use for primary dysmenorrhea depending on its severity. Systematic reviews of the comparative analysis of the efficacy of management strategies for primary dysmenorrhea have demonstrated that NSAIDs are beneficial for moderate-to-severe pelvic pain. A broad effect of NSAIDs on pain relief is mediated by reducing the production of prostaglandins (inflammatory mediators). NSAIDs or antispasmodics are most commonly used to reduce dysmenorrhea symptoms. Russian scientists focus on fixed-dose combinations of NSAIDs and myotropic antispasmodics, e.g., ibuprofen, pitofenone hydrochloride (myotropic antispasmodic), and fenpiverinium bromide (M-cholinoblocker with central and peripheral action). The pathogenic basis for the use of this combination for primary dysmenorrhea is addressed. KEYWORDS: primary dysmenorrhea, pelvic pain, NSAIDs, menstrual pain, myotropic antispasmodic, M-cholinoblocker, fixed-dose combination. FOR CITATION: Chebotareva Yu.Yu., Petrov Yu.A. Pathogenic basis for the use of a combined analgesic for pain relief in primary dysmenorrhea. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(2):146–152 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-2-146-152.
Efficacy of Russian insulin biosimilars for type 1 diabetes in adolescents
Authors:   K.A. Raukhfus Children’s City Multidisciplinary Clinical Center of High Medical Technologies, St. Peterburg, Russian Federation, Platonov V.V. ,   St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Dubinina T.A. ,   K.A. Raukhfus Children’s City Multidisciplinary Clinical Center of High Medical Technologies, St. Peterburg, Russian Federation, Patrakeeva E.M. ,   Dr. Fomin’s Clinics in St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Rezvykh A.M. ,   St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Kazachenko N.V. ,   K.A. Raukhfus Children’s City Multidisciplinary Clinical Center of High Medical Technologies, St. Peterburg, Russian Federation
Published: June 2022

Aim: to assess the potential effect of switching from original insulins (lispro and glargine) to Russian biosimilars on glycemic control in adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Patients and Methods: this 24-week observational clinical trial enrolled 24 adolescents with T1D aged 12–15 (mean age 13.4±1.1 years), 13 boys (54.2%, mean age 13.1±1.1 years) and 11 girls (45.8%, mean age 13.0±0.9 years). Disease duration was 4.0±1.1 years in boys and 4.3±1.8 years in girls. Insulin therapy included original multiple daily injections (MDI) of insulins lispro and glargine. Patients were switched to biosimilars at a ratio of 1:1, doses were adjusted by the patients themselves. Blood sugar levels were measured by flash glucose monitoring (FGM). Time in the target range (TIR), time above the target range (TAR), time below the target range (TBR), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in the original insulin therapy and 3 and 6 months after switching to Russian biosimilars were evaluated. Results: three and six months after switching of T1D adolescents to Russian biosimilars, no clinically significant worsening of glycemic control parameters was reported, i.e., HbA1c (3 months) 7.6±1.1%, HbA1c (6 months) 7.5±0.9% (p>0.05), TIR (3 months) 65.1±10.6%, TIR (6 months) 66.5±10.7% (р>0.05), TAR (3 months) 26.8±10.9%, TAR (6 months) 25.5±11.1% (p>0.05), TBR (3 months) 8.1±4.3%, TBR (6 months) 7.9±4.5% (p>0,05). No significant differences in the parameters studied between boys and girls 3 and 6 months after therapy switching were reported. No significant changes in the total daily Insulin dose (TDI) were reported, i.e., TDI (3 months) 1.4±0.3 U/kg, TDI (6 months) 1.3±0.3 U/kg. Conclusion: Russian biosimilars of insulins lispro and glargine for T1D in adolescents are not associated with either an increase in TDI or worsening of glycemic control parameters, e.g., HbA1c, TIR, TAR, and TBR. KEYWORDS: type 1 diabetes, insulin, biosimilars, lispro, glargine, glycated hemoglobin, glycemic control, time in the range. FOR CITATION: Platonov V.V., Dubinina T.A., Patrakeeva E.M. et al. Efficacy of Russian insulin biosimilars for type 1 diabetes in adolescents. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(2):165–168 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-2-165-168.
Gastric foreign bodies in a 5-year child: pattern of clinical presentations (case report)
Authors:   M.F. Vladimirskiy Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation, Bevz A.S. , Bokova T.A. ,   M.F. Vladimirskiy Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Elin L.M. ,   M.F. Vladimirskiy Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: June 2022

Gastrointestinal foreign bodies (FB) are a relevant issue of present-day pediatrics due to non-specific clinical presentations, difficulties in collecting medical history because of child’s age, and low awareness of parents and practitioners. The authors describe a 5-year girl with multiple gastric FBs (a conglomeration of hundred 0.3-cm magnetic balls). The girl was twice admitted to different hospitals with different incoming diagnoses. Non-specific clinical symptoms and complaints resulted in late diagnosis, primary exclusion of other infectious (acute gastroenteritis) and inflammatory (ulcerative colitis) GI disorders, and unreasonable prescription of medications including antibiotics. The authors address the management strategy for gastric magnetic FBs in this child and difficulties with their endoscopic removal. More than three weeks (24 days) had passed from the first symptoms to the final diagnosis. This case report illustrates the need for the accurate collection of medical history and timely diagnostic search using X-ray and endoscopic imaging irrespective of a child’s age. KEYWORDS: foreign bodies, gastrointestinal tract, children, magnetic balls, endoscopy, X-ray. FOR CITATION: Bevz A.S., Bokova T.A., Elin L.M. Gastric foreign bodies in a 5-year child: pattern of clinical presentations (case report). Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(2):173–177 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-2-173-177.
Severe Cutaneous Adverse Drugs Reactions: From Causes To Mechanisms
Authors: Morgillo Amelia , Marovino Edoardo , Mazzarella Marcello , Barbagiovanni Valerio , Randazzo Maria Francesca
Published: June 2022

INTRODUCTION: In the context of adverse drug reactions (ADR), skin manifestations are among one of the most frequent and often of such severity as to require access to the emergency room for emergency injection therapy. In this article we wanted to describe the characteristics of severe skin reactions both from a clinical point of view and with regard to the mechanisms and drugs most often involved in the cause.

METHODS: Both the use of personal paper books and international website databases such as pubmed, scopus, google scholar, researchgate were used to develop the article, typing in keywords such as “ skin ADR”, “severe drug reactions”, “lyell or steven-johnson syndrome”; associated with specific compound names. We have focused on recent articles and only related to severe ADRs.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: With regard to cutaneous ADRs, mild or moderate pictures can be distinguished such as morbilliform or scarlet eruptions with or without systemic symptoms, fortunately more frequent and generally treatable through the use of partially injected drugs and with oral therapy, which self-resolve in a few days. , up to severe and potentially fatal erythrodermal forms such as DRESS or steven-johnson and Lyell's syndromes, two different phases of the same process, with dermatological pictures similar to burns. Lists of higher-risk drugs have been established and every physician, including general practitioners, should know their potential for toxicity before prescribing and the need for closer clinical monitoring. Pay attention to the differential diagnosis with infectious processes, sometimes concomitant, and to primary forms of dermatosis such as severe forms of psoriasis or acne.
PENGARUH PRESTASI BELAJAR DAN PEMAHAMAN KODE ETIK AKUNTAN TERHADAP PERILAKU ETIS AKUNTAN
Authors: APRIZON NUR
Published: June 2022

Tujuan penelitian yang dilakukan pada mahasiswa akuntansi di perguruan tinggi swasta wilayah pekanbaru, yaitu untuk menguji faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku etis akuntan. pengambilan sampel penelitian menggunakan teknik cluster sampling di mana penulis menentukan masing-masing universitas sebanyak 40 mahasiswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil bahwa prestasi belajar mempengaruhi terhadap perilaku etis akuntan. Hal ini dapat dibuktikan dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000 atau lebih kecil dari 0,05. selain itu hasil koefisien determinasi menunjukkan hasil bahwa sumbangan pengaruh yang diberikan oleh prestasi belajar dan pemahaman kode etik akuntan sebesar 45,4% terhadap perilaku etis akuntan
PENGARUH KOMPLEKSITAS AUDIT DAN TIME BUDGET PRESSURE TERHADAP KUALITAS AUDIT PADA KANTOR AKUNTAN PUBLIK DI PEKANBARU
Authors: BADEWIN BADEWIN , UTARI MARYANTI SRI
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan mendapatkan bukti empiris pengaruh kompleksitas audit dan time budget pressure terhadap kualitas audit pada Kantor Akuntan Publik di Pekanbaru. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah auditor yang bekerja pada 9 KAP di Pekanbaru. Pemilihan sampel dilakukan dengan cara convienience sampling, sehingga jumlah sampel yaitu 42 responden yang sesuai kreteria. Alat uji yang digunakan adalah regresi linear berganda dengan menggunakan software SPSS versi 26 untuk mengolah data. Berdasarkan hasil analisa data, disimpulkan bahwa secara parsial kompleksitas audit berpengaruh terhadap kualitas audit. Time budget pressure secara parsial berpengaruh terhadap kualitas audit. Hasil anova atau uji F menunjukkan bahwa variabel kompleksitas audit dan time budget pressure secara bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap kualitas audit
PENGARUH PENERAPAN AKUNTANSI PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN, KOMPETENSI DAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA MANAJERIAL PT. PULAU SAMBU GROUP
Authors: SURYANI SURYANI , MULYADI MULYADI , FEBRINA RIA
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan akuntansi pertanggungjawaban, kompetensi dan komitmen organisasi  terhadap kinerja manajerial pada PT. Pulau Sambu Group. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada PT. Pulau Sambu Group. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah manajer dan kepala bagian PT. Pulau Sambu Group sebanyak 32 orang. Metode Analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi berganda, dengan pengujian kualitas data yang digunakan adalah uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas. Uji asumsi klasik yang digunakan adalah uji normalitas data, multikolinieritas, dan uji heterokedastisitas. Pengujian hipotesa menggunakan uji parsial, uji simultan dan uji koefisien determinasi (R2). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa uji koefisien determinasi sebesar 0,831 atau sebesar 83,1%. Hal ini berarti 83,1% variabel kinerja manajerial dipengaruhi oleh penerapan akuntansi pertanggungjawaban, kompetensi dan komitmen organisasi. Sedangkan sisanya sebesar 16,9% dijelaskan atau dipengaruhi oleh variabel yang lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini. hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa secara parsial penerapan akuntansi pertanggunjawaban, kompetensi, dan komitmen organisasi berpengaruh terhadap kinerja manajerial PT. Pulau Sambu Group. hasil penelitian secara simultan menunjukan bahwa penerapan akuntansi pertanggungjawaban, kompetensi dan komitmen organisasi berpengaruh terhadap kinerja manajerial PT. Pulau Sambu Group
Are COVID-19 Vaccine Preference and COVID-19 Risk Differ in Individuals Living with HIV from The Normal Population?
Authors: Ayaz Çağlayan Merve , Baştuğ Aliye
Published: June 2022

Objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may have a severe course in high-risk patients and people living with Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, PLWH)) are also in this risk group. The aim of the study was to compare the history of COVID-19, vaccination status, vaccine doses, and vaccine preferences of PLWH with the normal population.
Materials and Methods: This study was a retrospective cross-sectional survey study. The PLWH were study group and patients without chronic disease were selected as a control group.
Results: A total of 326 patients, 163 HIV positive and 163 without chronic disease, were included in the study. Of the patients, 142 (88.1%) were male, and the mean age was 46.69 ± 13.72 years. The number of patients who were not vaccinated was 36 (11.1%). When unvaccinated PLWH were evaluated, it was observed that women were less vaccinated than male patients (p=0.01). In PLWH, 145 (89.0%) of patients were vaccinated with single dose, 129 (79.1%) of patients with double dose, and 123 (75.5%) of patients with full dose; in the control group, 145 (89.0%) of patients with single dose, 131 (80.9%) of patients with double dose and 126 (77.3%) of patients with full dose were vaccinated. There was no difference between the groups in the preference of inactivated and mRNA vaccines (p=1.0). Before vaccination, 42 (12.9%) patients were infected. Twenty (12.3%) of these patients were in PLWH group, while 22 (13.5%) patients were in the control group. There were 28 (9.8%) patients who had COVID-19 during or after vaccination, and 10 (6.9%) of them were in PLWH group; 18 (12.4%) of them were in the control group.
Conclusion: In our study, no difference was found in the vaccination status, vaccine preference, vaccination doses and COVID-19 history between two groups.
Comparison of Visual Rating Scale Based on Brain 18F-FDG-PET and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Test in Probable Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Aladağ Elifcan , Bulut Elif , Demirayak Pınar , Volkan Salancı Bilge , Karlı Oğuz Kader , Erbaş Belkıs , Ergün Eser Lay , Doğu Burcu Balam , Cankurtaran Mustafa , Halil Meltem Gülhan
Published: June 2022

Objecives: Recently, imaging biomarkers like flouro-deoxi-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) become even more important for evaluation probable AD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible correlation between Montreal Cognitive Assessment Test (MoCA) and metabolic function of brain regions determined by FDG-PET in patients with probable AD.
Materials and methods: Thirty seven (37) patients who had diagnosis of probable AD were included. MoCA test and metabolic measurements of brain regions by FDG-PET were performed in all patients. A visual scoring was performed to obtain the rates of hypometabolism in brain regions.
Results: Median age of the patients was 77 (minimum 65-maximum 83) years. On the right hemisphere, MOCA test score decreased according to visual FDG-PET score of parietal lobe (15±5.1, 11.8±8.4 and 8.5±5.9; p=0.032). MOCA test score was 16±5.8, 13.1±7.6 and 9.1±6.1 in patients with left temporal lobe and 15.2±5.2, 11.8±7.8 and 8.5±5.9 in patients with left parietal lobe according to visual FDG-PET scores respectively (p=0.035; p=0.02). The comparison of the other right and left hemisphere regions and MOCA test scores were not significant.
Conclusion: The present study is emphasized that the MoCA test which is easily applied in outpatient clinics can be demonstrated the hypometabolism of bilateral parietal and left temporal brain regions related with pathophysiology of AD.
Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Patients with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Özçelik Eroğlu Elçin , Yıldız M. İrem , Anıl Yağcıoğlu A. Elif , Türkoğlu Özge , Yalçınkaya Oğuz Kaan , Ertuğrul Aygün , Karahan Sevilay , Yazıcı M. Kâzım
Published: June 2022

Objective: To evaluate the mental health of patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders with the prolongation of the pandemic.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between August-October 2020. Fifty-two patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders who were hospitalized prior to the onset of the pandemic between March 2019-March 2020 at the inpatient clinic were reassessed during the pandemic. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) Scale, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) and Fear of COVID-19 Scale were used to evaluate psychopathology during the pandemic. The PANSS and the CGI severity scores at discharge from the inpatient clinic for each patient were obtained from the medical records review for comparison along with sociodemographic variables.
Results: A total of 34 patients, 33 with schizophrenia (97.1%) and 1 with schizoaffective disorder (2.9%) were included. There was no significant difference between the pre- and during the pandemic assessments in the PANSS total and the CGI severity scores. The PANSS total, the CGI, HAM-D, HAM-A and the Fear of COVID-19 scale scores, medical comorbidity and utilization of psychiatric health care services were significantly higher in patients who reported subjectively increased psychiatric symptoms during the pandemic. There was no significant difference in the change of PANSS total and CGI scores between the two groups. Fear of COVID-19 Scale and HAM-A scores were correlated positively.
Conclusion: During pandemic increase in psychiatric symptoms may be related not only to psychosis but also depression, anxiety. According to the results of patients who reported subjectively increased psychiatric symptoms during the pandemic, while the psychotic symptoms did not worsen during the pandemic, patients with higher anxiety or depression scores reported an increase in their symptoms and were more likely to seek help.
Biliary Tract Disorders in Patients with Acromegaly: Single-centre Experience
Authors: Şendur Süleyman Nahit , Oğuz Seda Hanife
Published: June 2022

Objective: Genetic and environmental factors determine the risk of biliary tract disorders. Several studies have reported an increased frequency of gallbladder disorders in patients with acromegaly belonging to different ethnic groups, however, data for Turkish patients with acromegaly is currently lacking. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of diverse gallbladder disorders in Turkish patients with acromegaly. The secondary objective was to determine the risk factors that are related to gallstone formation.
Materials and Methods: Hacettepe University electronic database was retrospectively analyzed. One hundred fifty-two out of 393 patients with acromegaly who had confirmed biliary tract disorders with imaging modalities (such as abdominal ultrasonography, abdominal computed tomography or abdominal magnetic resonance imaging) or surgery specimens, were included for final analyzes. There was not any difference between included and excluded cases in terms of study parameters.
Results: Patients with acromegaly with a mean±SD age of 41±12 years were followed-up for median of 91 months. Gender distribution was equal (76 M, 76 F). Gallstones were detected in 50 (33%) cases. Seventeen (11%) cases had gallbladder sludge whereas 5 (3%) cases had gallbladder polyp. Cholecystectomy was performed in 24 (16%). Age, gender, baseline disease activity, diagnostic delay, disease duration, the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia were not associated with gallstone formation. Body mass index (β=1.19, 95% CI (1.09-1.30), p<0.001) and somatostatin receptor ligand use (β=3.8, 95% CI (1.2-12.6), p=0.026) were determined as independent risk factors for cholelithiasis.
Conclusions: Biliary tract disorders are common in Turkish patients with acromegaly. Acromegaly patients with high body mass index and on somatostatin receptor ligand treatment had an increased risk for gallstone disease.
STRATEGI PEMASARAN JASA PENDIDIKAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN CITRA SEKOLAH
Authors: MY Mahmud , Hayat Najmul , Chaniago Fransisko , Erlianto Mentari
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study was to find out how the marketing strategy of education in Al-Arief Islamic Private High School. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research. The method used in data collection is observation, interviews and documentation. Meanwhile, in analyzing the data, the researcher used several steps, namely by reducing, presenting and verifying the data. The results of the study have shown that overall the Al-Arief Islamic Private High School has implemented a marketing strategy for educational services that is quite good in improving the school's image. This can be seen from the existing education service marketing mix. This school has offered a product that is in accordance with the needs of the community, the fees charged by the Al-Arief Islamic Private High School are still very affordable when compared to established private schools in general, and this school is in a strategic place to carry out educational activities. The marketing strategy carried out by the Al-Arief Islamic Private High School is by carrying out promotions through student guardians, print media, social media and school output.
PECULIARITIES OF FOREIGNERS’ LEGAL STATUS IN INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC LAW
Authors:   Territorially Separated Branch “Khmelnytskyi branch of the Academy of the State Penitentiary Service”, Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine, Brunevych V.M. , Lorens D.V. ,   Territorially Separated Branch “Khmelnytskyi branch of the Academy of the State Penitentiary Service”, Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine, Makohonchuk I.V. ,   Territorially Separated Branch “Khmelnytskyi branch of the Academy of the State Penitentiary Service”, Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine
Published: June 2022

While studying the legal status of foreigners in public international law the legal meaning of the definition of “foreign citizen” was clarified, as it is important to determine the legal status of such individuals. The meaning of the term “foreign citizen” in a broad and narrow sense was clarified within the framework of the researched issue. The categories “foreigner” and “non-citizen” were distinguished in order to clarify the international legal regulation of non-citizens’ rights. The expediency of distinguishing the category of “non-citizens” in case when there is a generalization and we are talking about foreigners and stateless persons (the concept of “foreigner” in its broadest sense) is proved in the article. There is no normative definition of “non-citizen” in international law. This fact extremely negatively effects on their international status. Together with the general characteristics of the legal status of foreign citizens in international law, attention is paid to the system of sources that enshrine the legal status of foreign citizens. A national level is singled out. It is national (domestic) legislation concerning foreign citizens. At the national level, we can talk about the separation of regulations of a general nature. These are laws directly aimed at regulating foreigners’ legal status, as well as special acts governing a particular area of public relations (foreigners’ rights and responsibilities in a particular industry). There is also an international level to which treaties relate, which, in particular, enshrine universal standards that each state that has acceded to such an agreement is obliged to apply to all foreigners residing in its territory. There is a difference between the rights of foreign citizens and citizens of the country of residence, which relates mainly to political rights. Key words: human rights, international law, foreigners, stateless persons, legal status, immigrants, refugees.