bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Fertility on the Female Employment Rate in the Samarkand Region of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Authors: Tairova A. T.
Published: December 2024

The article presents some results of a study on the impact of fertility on women's employment using the example of the Samarkand region of the Republic of Uzbekistan based on data for 2014–2023. The author emphasizes the growing relevance of these issues due to the continuing key role of women in the country's economic development and raising the living standards.

Issues of gender equality in the labor market are considered with an emphasis on the impact of fertility on women's employment. It is noted that ensuring gender equality is embedded in the UN Sustainable Development Goals and is studied by many international organizations.

The study used methods of trend analysis, correlation and regression analysis, and a projection of possible scenarios based on special and total fertility rates. The described methodology includes several complementary methods of data analysis that allow a comprehensive assessment of the impact of fertility on female employment and modelling potential changes in employment levels with changes in fertility.

The study showed a close direct relationship between the female employment rate and the overall employment rate in the region, as well as an inverse relationship between the fertility rate and female employment, which hinders their active participation in labor activity. The author concluded that a high fertility rate hurts the female employment rate since women are often forced to leave work to take care of their children. In this regard, the need to develop public policies aimed at supporting women in combining work and family responsibilities, improving access to preschool educational institutions and increasing the efficiency of their functioning is emphasized. Addressing the problems associated with women's return to the labor market after the birth of children can help reduce gender differences in employment.
L'évaluation éthique des projets de recherche impliquant l’utilisation d’animaux : étude de droit comparé dans l’Union Européenne
Authors: Di Concetto Alice , Poinsot Anatole
Published: December 2024

En vertu de la Directive 2010/63, les comités d’évaluation et d’autorisation de projets impliquant l’utilisation d’animaux dans des procédures scientifiques (« comités d’éthique ») sont tenus de respecter des principes de transparence, d’impartialité et d’indépendance. Cependant, bien que la composition et la gouvernance des comités d’éthique soient déterminantes dans la mise en œuvre de ces principes, le droit européen ne prévoit pas de règles explicites concernant ces deux aspects. Les États membres ont donc bénéficié d’une marge de manœuvre significative dans la structuration des comités d’éthiques. Cette contribution présente une typologie des règles relatives à la composition et à la gouvernance de ces comités dans les États membres. Il ressort de cette analyse que la diversité des modèles nationaux a pour effet de morceler l’unicité du paysage réglementaire européen de la recherche, de sorte que les objectifs d’harmonisation et de protection animale de la Directive s’en trouvent considérablement affectés.
30 ans d’expériences dans la médecine de la conservation
Authors: Chai Norin
Published: December 2024

La Médecine de la conservation est un champ interdisciplinaire qui intègre la médecine vétérinaire, la conservation in situ, l'écologie et, dans une certaine mesure, la santé publique. Elle aborde les problèmes de santé de la faune sauvage au niveau individuel ou populationnel pour, in fine, avoir un impact sur les interactions avec les populations humaines locales et/ou sur l’état de santé de l’écosystème lui-même. On pourrait la considérer comme une branche interventionnelle du concept « One Health ». Trente ans d’expertises vétérinaires et d’expérience dans la gestion de parcs nationaux et de centres de soins soulignent plus que jamais l’importance des actions du vétérinaire pour la sensibilisation, la formation, l’aide économique -aussi- aux populations locales, en parallèle à ses efforts de conservation.
La vaccination dans la lutte contre les infections : des vaccins traditionnels aux nanovaccins
Authors: Martin Clément , Archambault Denis
Published: December 2024

La vaccination est une méthode de choix pour la prévention des infections chez l’homme et les animaux. Les méthodes de vaccination n’ont jamais cessé d’évoluer dans le temps de sorte qu’il existe aujourd’hui plusieurs types de vaccination. L’utilisation de nanoparticules comme plateforme de livraison du matériel vaccinal suscite un intérêt croissant, notamment grâce à leur grande versatilité et, pour certaines, leur activité adjuvante intrinsèque. Néanmoins, les défis que peuvent imposer certains pathogènes demeurent toujours importants. C’est le cas du virus de l’influenza de type A auquel est associé une très grande variation antigénique. Ce virus infecte l’homme certes, mais aussi bon nombre d’animaux domestiques comme les volailles, le porc, les chevaux et les chiens chaque année, conduisant à d’importantes pertes économiques. Le virus de l’influenza A aviaire inquiète particulièrement les intervenants en santé publique car il est capable d’infecter l’humain. En effet, plusieurs cas chez l’humain infecté avec le virus de l’influenza A aviaire de sous-type H5N1 ont été répertoriés depuis plusieurs années avec un taux de mortalité élevé chez les individus infectés. Cette revue fait état de diverses stratégies vaccinales qui ont été utilisées ou qui sont actuellement utilisées chez l’homme et les animaux, des nanoparticules pouvant être utilisées à des fins vaccinales et des travaux récents de vaccination réalisés contre le virus de l’influenza A aviaire de sous-type H5N1.
Estado, vialidad y turismo en Tucumán (1932- 1943)
Authors: Rodríguez Buscia Carlos Martín
Published: December 2024

El objetivo de este artículo consiste en analizar el papel de la Dirección Nacional de Vialidad (DNV) y la Dirección Provincial de Vialidad de Tucumán (DPVT) en la producción de espacios de turísticos de dicha provincia durante los años 1932- 1943. Se plantea que el accionar del Estado nacional no fue omnímodo, por lo cual la DNV en tanto agencia experta dejó resquicios en la ejecución de carreteras con fines turísticos, abandonando o no ejecutando planificaciones y/o proyecciones planteadas en Tucumán. Ante dicha ausencia, la DPVT tomaría el relevo mediante la erección de infraestructuras viales en los espacios considerados por la opinión pública y los actores estatales como turísticos por excelencia, a saber, las sierras de San Javier y especialmente los Valles Calchaquíes. Así, se propone no sólo el examen de un espacio subnacional escasamente abordado sino que se indaga sobre la vialidad desde una escala análisis poco considerada. Para llevar a cabo tal pesquisa se auscultaron memorias descriptivas de las reparticiones de la DNV y la DPVT y otros documentos oficiales tales como normativas y prensa escrita de rango nacional y provincial.
ORTEZ VE PROTEZ BÖLÜMÜ ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN SAĞLIK OKURYAZARLIK DÜZEYLERİ VE SAĞLIKLI YAŞAM BİÇİMİ DAVRANIŞLARININ İNCELENMESİ VE İLİŞKİLİ FAKTÖRLERİN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: Aydın Yağcıoğlu Güllü , Cerezci Duygu Senay
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı Ortez ve Protez Bölümü öğrencilerinin sağlık okuryazarlık düzeyleri ve sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarının incelenmesi ve ilişkili faktörlerin belirlenmesiydi. Çalışmaya Ortez ve Protez Bölümü’nde öğrenim gören öğrenciler dahil edildi. Öğrencilerin demografik bilgilerinin sorgulanmasından sonra, sağlık okuryazarlık düzeyleri “Türkiye Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği-32” ile ve sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları “Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışları Ölçeği-II” ile belirlendi. Öğrencilerin sağlık okuryazarlığı ve sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları ile ilişkili faktörler; Türkiye Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği-32 ve Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışları Ölçeği-II ile yaş, vücut kitle indeksi, haftalık egzersiz süresi, sigara ve alkol kullanımı, cinsiyet, egzersiz alışkanlığı, sınıfı, çoğunlukla yaşadığı yer ve gelir durumu ile ilişkisi analiz edilerek belirlendi. Çalışma 131 öğrenci ile tamamlandı. Bireylerin yaş ortalaması 20.61±0.18 yıldı ve %74.8’i kadındı. Öğrencilerin %63.9’unun sağlık okuryazarlığı bilgisi sınırlı/yetersizdi. Türkiye Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği-32 ve Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışları Ölçeği-II ile haftalık egzersiz süreleri ve egzersiz alışkanlığı arasında ilişki olduğu belirlendi (p
ATTITUDES AND KNOWLEDGE OF PARAMEDICS ABOUT RECOGNITION OF ACUTE STROKE AND PRE-HOSPITAL STOKE CARE IN NORTHERN CYPRUS*
Authors: Eker Amber , Meşeli Asya Tahire , Azizoğlu Buğu , Albayrak Çağla , Khdeir Musbah , Saral Nezayet , Aktuglu Saadet
Published: December 2024

A Stroke is defined as a sudden dysfunction caused by the interruption of blood flow to the brain. Timely intervention is vital, making rapid and effective paramedic response critical. In this study, our purpose is to evaluate the knowledge and behaviors of paramedics toward pre-hospital stroke care in Northern Cyprus. In this descriptive study, an online questionnaire that was prepared by researchers was distributed to paramedics in Northern Cyprus. The data from the survey were analyzed with descriptive statistics and chi-square tests by using SPSS v26. The value of p
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF WARM-WATER FOOTBATH ON PAIN MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS AT HEALTHCARE SETTINGS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Ünver Seher , Yıldırım Meltem
Published: December 2024

This review aimed to systematically assess the available evidence on the effectiveness of warm-water footbath on pain management of patients treated in various healthcare settings. In the present systematic review, five databases (Cochrane, Scopus, CINAHL, Pub Med and Web of Science) were searched for randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies based on the keywords (“foot bath” OR “footbath” OR “foot bathing”) AND (pain) AND (“warm water” OR “warm water” OR “hot water”) between 2015-2020 years. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal checklists (for randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies) were used to evaluate the risk of bias and quality assessment. Within the initial advanced search of databases, 651 articles were obtained with 11 full-text articles meeting the eligibility criteria. After completing the quality assessment, three studies were included in this systematic review. Results demonstrated that the positive effect of warm-water footbath is limited to patients who have osteoarthritis joint pain. Due to the limited number of studies on this intervention and methodical limitations of the included studies, the effectiveness of warm-water footbath intervention on pain management of patients from healthcare settings is unclear. Methodologically well-designed studies remain necessary in this area (Prospero Registration Number: CRD42023449216).
ASSESSING THE ROLE OF INEQUALITY AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDICES IN REGIONAL ECONOMIC GROWTH: WEST JAVA
Authors: Arya Pramaditya Yudhistira , Bintang Karisma Dikri , Muhammad Naufal Vieri
Published: December 2024

Research shows that inequality could hamper economic growth, while HDI improvement generally correlates positively with economic growth. West Java, one of the provinces with the largest population in Indonesia, faces unique challenges in the interplay of relationships between those factors. This study aims to measure the relationship between measurements of inequality and the various indices that serve as components of HDI on the one hand, as well as economic growth on the other hand, in all of the 27 municipalities (i.e., regencies and cities) of West Java Province. Using panel regression of cross-sectional and time series data, this study found that inequality and the life expectancy index both showed positive and significant relationships with economic growth. These findings might be related to increased investments by wealthier individuals and increased labor productivity due to a healthier workforce. Conversely, the education and income index were found to be non-significant, possibly due to qualitative disparities in education and mismatches with labor market needs, and also due to the limitations of expenditure-based measures in regions with substantial informal economic activities that are not fully captured in official data. These findings can guide targeted interventions to balance growth and equity in West Java.
Multimodal analgesia as part of enhanced recovery after surgery in colorectal surgery
Authors: Wong Chee Rong James , Sulaiman Omar bin , Tang Chuin Sing , Lim Yoke Hui , Tan Zi Ti , Halim Muhammad Syafiq Bin , Leo See Wei
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Multimodal analgesia regime in enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol is associated with fewer perioperative complications, shorter hospital stays, and reduced opioid dependence. Although ERAS strategies have been widely accepted and implemented in current practice, there is limited data regarding its application and outcomes in the Malaysian population, particularly in colorectal surgeries. Hence, this study was conducted to examine postoperative pain scores after implementing a multimodal analgesia regime as per ERAS anaesthesia protocol.
Methods: This is a retrospective study using data collection forms. Data were collected from the case notes of patients who underwent colorectal surgery complying with the ERAS anaesthesia protocol from January 2022 to December 2023. Pain score was assessed when the patient arrived at recovery bay, subsequently reassessed at 2 hours postoperative, 6 hours postoperative, 12 hours postoperative, 1 day postoperative, and finally on postoperative day 2.
Results: A total of 139 samples were recruited in this retrospective study. The median postoperative pain scores at rest were consistently 0 from arrival at recovery bay to postoperative day 2. On the other hand, the median pain score upon movement was 1 (range 0–3) when patients reached the recovery bay, and persistently 3 duringpostoperative 2 hours, 6 hours, and 12 hours, after which the median pain score upon movement became 2 on postoperative day 1 and day 2.
Conclusions: Multimodal analgesia in line with the ERAS protocol in colorectal surgeries is feasible, safe and efficient.
Tailored airway management for simultaneous thyroidectomy and tracheal stenosis tumour biopsy: navigating dual pathologies
Authors: Zainool Abidin Nor Hidayah , Ghazali Norhafidzah , Zakaria Fazilawati , Azhar Nor Izatul Azma
Published: December 2024

Tracheal stenosis secondary to tumour presents potential airway complications such as bleeding, airway oedema, laryngospasm and bronchospasm secondary to airway irritation, and difficulty advancing the endotracheal tube through the slit-like diameter of the trachea lumen. We present a case with double pathology of goitre and intraluminal tracheal tumour for thyroidectomy and tumour biopsy. A multidisciplinary discussion was held preoperatively between the otorhinolaryngology surgeons, radiologist, and anaesthesiologists to define resectability and perioperative management. The awake fibreoptic intubation oral approach using a microlaryngoscopy tube size 5 with target-controlled infusion of remifentanil sedation was successful. The airway was anaesthetised with a sphenopalatine ganglion block, palatopharyngeal arch nerve block, nebulisation lignocaine, and spray-as-you-go lignocaine to obtund the pharyngeal and laryngeal reflexes. Post thyroidectomy,direct rigid laryngoscopy was performed for tumour biopsy. The patient was later admitted to the intensive care unit for postoperative ventilation and monitoring. We learned that there is no single universal airway technique for airway management as it should be tailored based on the individual patient’s airway pathology and comorbidities after careful perioperative discussion and airway planning.
La escritura difractiva y la construcción de conocimiento en las posthumanidades
Authors: Rosignoli Silvina
Published: December 2024

Este artículo explora la compleja relación entre el proceso de escritura y la construcción de conocimiento en su intersección con la Inteligencia Artificial Generativa (IAGen). A través de un diálogo polifónico con autoras y autores de diversas perspectivas, en especial del ámbito de los posthumanismos filosóficos críticos, se examina el enredo onto-epistemológico entre lo humano y lo técnico. Se profundiza en la relación entre la escritura alfabética y la algorítmica, planteando preguntas y especulaciones sobre el surgimiento de una escritura rizomática, difractiva y performativa. Esta escritura, que combina la imaginación humana con la “alucinación” algorítmica, se propone como una oportunidad para escribir narrativas tecnocientíficas más allá de las lógicas dominantes.
Octavio Paz en la India: Cartas a Jean-Clarence Lambert
Authors: Bernales Albites Enrique
Published: December 2024

En este artículo se analizan algunos aspectos de la vida y la obra de Octavio Paz a través de las cartas que escribió a su amigo, el traductor y poeta francés, Jean-Clarence Lambert. Se ha escrito mucho sobre esta etapa fundamental de la vida y obra de Octavio Paz, en los años de su desempeño como embajador en la India, Ceilán (actualmente Sri Lanka) y Afganistán, pero la diferencia es que en este artículo vamos a detenernos y reflexionar sobre el inicio de esa travesía transformadora que incluye una crisis personal del autor, Premio Nobel de Literatura de 1990, hasta el tan necesitado encuentro con su “musa” francesa, la artista plástica Marie-José Tramini, después del divorcio y la relación tormentosa con la intelectual y novelista mexicana, Elena Garro. Todo esto está profundamente conectado con el descubrimiento y el enamoramiento de una cultura tan rica y compleja como la del subcontinente indostánico. En este artículo quedará muy claro que para la consolidación de la obra crítica y artística de Paz era indispensable encontrar esa estabilidad emocional y amorosa que llega con Marie-José. Consideramos que mucho de la calidad de la producción de Paz sería impensable sin esa relación amorosa. Así, en este artículo se trazarán algunos aspectos esenciales e incluso desconocidos de la vida del autor del Laberinto de la soledad (1950) y que son confiados con gran honestidad, al igual que transparencia, por una subjetividad tan sensible como la del poeta e intelectual mexicano.
Soñar con la guillotina. Diez poemas de Ademir Demarchi
Authors: Barrós Manuel
Published: December 2024

En esta oportunidad, Manuel Barrós traduce una selección de poemas de Ademir Demarchi que, originalmente, fueron publicados en Gambiarra (2018). La sátira, la intertextualidad y las múltiples relaciones entre poesía y política son algunos de los rasgos de la poética que construyó el autor respecto de un proceso histórico de corrupción del Brasil contemporáneo: de la destitución de Dilma Rousseff a la prisión de Lula da Silva. Es una lectura desde la creación poética. Así, el traductor amplía el panorama que de la poesía brasileña se tiene en el Perú y en Latinoamérica.
VULNERACIÓN DE LOS DERECHOS FUNDAMENTALES A TRAVÉS DE LA INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL
Authors: Flor Flores Andrea Alejandra
Published: December 2024

La inteligencia artificial (IA) es uno de los mayores avances tecnológicos que se ha podido crear gracias al hombre. Ha generado un gran impacto positivo en nuestra sociedad y se esboza un futuro prometedor con la ayuda de esta. Sin embargo, el presente escrito se centra en el otro lado de la moneda, uno en donde la inteligencia artificial incide de manera negativa para las personas y vulnera sus derechos humanos. Ante lo cual analizaremos la siguiente interrogante: ¿Realmente el Perú está preparado para hacer justicia ante un caso de vulneración de derechos fundamentales a través de la inteligencia artificial? De no ser el caso, ¿el Estado tendría que crear un reglamento basado en riesgos como el que posee la Unión Europea? Cabe resaltar que actualmente el ordenamiento peruano solo regula y promueve el uso de la inteligencia artificial a través de la Ley N° 31814.
Adaptation of Siyasah Fiqh as a Strategy to Prevent Money Politics in Elections
Authors: Ridho Hilmi , Khairi Aizat , Mujib Abdul , Ahmed Sageer
Published: December 2024

One of the election violations that often occurs during the run-up to general elections in Indonesia is the rampant practice of money politics. In the 2024 elections, 29 provinces are prone to cases of money politics with a moderate category level and 5 provinces with a high level of vulnerability. The purpose of this research is to find out the forms and main factors of money politics, to analyze whether money politics is the same as bribery (risywah) in Islamic law and its framework, and to find out the role and strategy of Bawaslu in preventing the practice of money politics in the run-up to the election. This research method uses normative legal research, which is a process for finding legal rules, legal principles, and legal doctrines to answer the legal issues at hand. The conclusion of this research shows that the form of money politics can be in the form of money, goods, and services. The main factors are influenced by the thirst for glory, the low economy of the community, the lack of knowledge about politics, and the strength of tradition. According to fiqh siyasah, the practice of money politics includes the act of risywah (bribery) based on the Qur'an, Hadith, and the opinions of scholars. Four strategies must be carried out by Bawaslu, namely; first, overseeing the election and reporting when violations occur. Second, coordinate with internal and external parties. Third, conduct offline and online socialization about the dangers of money politics. Fourth, reconstructing the regulation of criminal acts of money politics that have a deterrent effect, disqualifying election participants, giving strict sanctions to the success team, and providing guarantees of protection and rewards to the reporter.
Aportes de las Estéticas Expandidas en la concepción de la Organización Ambiental, Propuesta emergente
Authors:   Fundación Universitaria Comfamiliar Risaralda, Ramírez Martínez Leonardo
Published: December 2024

El presente capítulo de reflexión pretende proponer aportes desde las estéticas expandidas en la concepción de la organización-empresa en contraste con las monstruosidades de la razón moderna, que impli-can una ausencia de lo sensible.
"Valoración contingente para la innovación en estructuras organizacionales rurales. Caso de estudio veredas La Yunga y Río Hondo, Popayán (Cauca) des negativas a los bienes y servicios ambientales, causadas por las actividades antrópicas. "
Authors:   Corporación Universitaria Autónoma del Cauca, Vidal Pinilla Gehovell Juliana , Delgado Dayse Alexandra ,   Corporación Universitaria Autónoma del Cauca, Concha Lozada Clara Milena ,   Corporación Universitaria Autónoma del Cauca
Published: December 2024

La valoración contingente es una herramienta del análisis económi-co que permite evaluar los efectos de la generación de externalidades negativas a los bienes y servicios ambientales, causadas por las actividades antrópicas. No obstante, la contaminación propia de la cotidianidad en los hogares muchas veces es subestimada, por lo cual se generan desperdicios de recursos que, de ser aprovechados, se constituyen en creadores de ingresos adicionales para los hogares y hacen de los procesos familiares, una opción menos predadora para los bienes y servicios ambientales. Este estudio de caso realizado en el marco del proyecto “Modelo de Innovación Social para el Aprove-chamiento de Residuos Sólidos en las veredas La Yunga y Río Hondo (Popayán, Cauca)”, tiene como propósito mostrar la percepción de las familias que integran la asociacion Yunga Fértil y la asociación de mujeres de la Yunga ASOMUY, respecto a la generación de externali-dades negativas como herramientas que permiten evidenciar el des-perdicio de recursos y en esa misma línea, los beneficios económicos que podrían percibir en estos hogares si se redujera la externalidad asociada a la contaminación producida por las actividades que se de-sarrollan. La metodología es una adaptación que abarca la valoración contingente y el diseño centrado en las personas, esta última subdivi-dida en tres pasos: escuchar (inmersión en contexto), crear (concre-ción de ideas) y entregar (mini pilotajes de ideas). Como resultado se tiene la construcción de la ruta de innovación con la participación de las comunidades sujeto de estudio, a partir de la adecuada gestión de las externalidades negativas asociadas a la contaminación.
Grado de sobrecarga de los cuidadores primarios de la Fundación Incluimos con Amor, Medellín
Authors: Vélez Upegui Mishel , Bedoya Bernal Manuela , Serna Arroyave Luisa María , Moreno Valois Melissa Gissela , García Serna Olga Elena
Published: December 2024

Introducción: El estudio aborda la carga del cuidador, conocida como síndrome de Burden, y las dificultades económicas y psicosociales que enfrentan quienes cuidan a familiares con condiciones médicas. Objetivo: Determinar la sobrecarga de los cuidadores en la Fundación Incluimos con Amor en Medellín. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo de corte transversal, recolección de datos mediante la escala de Zarit para medir la sobrecarga. La población de estudio incluyó cuidadores primarios de niños de 7 a 17 años con discapacidades, excluyendo a cuidadores de pacientes mayores de 18 años y personal de salud que cumplen el papel de cuidadores. Muestreo de tipo censal, incluyendo a todos los cuidadores primarios de la fundación. Resultados: La mayoría de los cuidadores eran mujeres de 31 a 40 años, dedicando entre 7 a 15 horas diarias al cuidado. El 77.3% de los cuidadores no presentaban sobrecarga, mientras que el 18.2% mostraban sobrecarga intensa. Conclusiones: La investigación no encontró correlación significativa entre la sobrecarga y tener un cuidador adicional, el tipo de discapacidad, el diagnóstico del paciente o el grado de dependencia.
Adherencia al tratamiento de los pacientes con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles del Hogar San Lucas: Una perspectiva desde los cuidadores
Authors: Cruz Toloza Yarilsa Alexandra , Mondragón Castillo Steisi Yineth , Estrada Martinez Aylin Dayana , Ramos Caballero Edgardo Javier
Published: December 2024

Introducción: La adherencia terapéutica es crucial en enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, ya que su falta agrava síntomas y aumenta el riesgo de complicaciones. Estrategias como la educación del paciente y la simplificación del tratamiento son clave para mejorarla, optimizando así la calidad de vida y reduciendo la carga de estas enfermedades en la salud pública. Objetivo: Determinar la adherencia del paciente con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles en el tratamiento farmacológico desde la perspectiva del cuidador en el Hogar San Lucas. Metodología: La investigación es observacional, descriptiva, de corte transversal. La muestra, seleccionada mediante muestreo censal, consistió en 40 cuidadores del Hogar San Lucas en Medellín. El instrumento cuenta con una validación y alfa de Cronbach de 0.83. Resultados: El análisis del instrumento revela que el 2.5% de los individuos tiene una adherencia baja al tratamiento, mientras que la mayoría, un 72.5%, muestra una adherencia media. Por último, el 25% de los participantes demuestra una adherencia alta al tratamiento. Conclusiones: El estudio señala la variabilidad en la adherencia al tratamiento en pacientes con ECNT (Enfermedades Crónicas no Transmisibles), resaltando deficiencias en actividad física y dieta, pero también la continuidad en la toma de medicamentos. En la dimensión psicosocial, se destaca el conocimiento de los pacientes sobre su enfermedad, el apoyo familiar y médico. Se enfatiza la influencia de factores sociales en la efectividad del tratamiento.
Bomba-dólar: A arma monetária dos Estados Unidos
Authors: SIlva Azevedo Fernando
Published: December 2024

The first decades of the 21st century were intense in the use of financial elements as tools of coercion in international relations. The financial war waged by the United States has caused different sovereign states to suffer a powerful non-military coercion, monetary coercion. The richest and most powerful country in the international system has used the power of its national currency, the dollar, to achieve geopolitical goals. The process of instrumentalising the dollar as a national security tool has given the United States a new weapon for its arsenal. This United States action has the potential to affect the entire international financial structure, since the complex world-wide economic network that connects private and state actors in daily commercial and financial transactions is anchored in the dollar. This article intends to approach the process of construction of the monetary weapon through three processes, the dynamics of weaponized interdependence, the exercise of structural power and the use of the concept of survival constrain. To fulfill its objective, the article is divided into two parts. The first proposes to understand the nexus between these three processes in the construction of the dollar-based monetary weapon; the second part deals with the most dramatic use of this weapon, the financial war against the Islamic Republic of Iran.
Governança e Atores Não Estatais
Authors: Morais Guilherme de Paiva
Published: December 2024

This article discusses the concept of governance and its relations with the State and democracy, pointing out possible practical deficiencies due to its proximity to contemporary neoliberal discourse. Also noteworthy is the importance of non-state actors in the governance process – local or global –, which are more prominent in discussions and studies on the subject than the States themselves. However, this does not mean that the nation-state has ceased to be important or relevant to governance discussions or practices. However, doubts about this relationship are still present and demand research, debate and attention from the Academy.
О ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ АКАДЕМИКА В.И. ВЕРНАДСКОГО В СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОМ УЧЕНОМ КОМИТЕТЕ ПРИ МИНИСТЕРСТВЕ ЗЕМЛЕДЕЛИЯ
Authors: Янин Е.П.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассказывается о научно-организационной деятельности академика В.И. Вернадского в качестве председателя Сельскохозяйственного ученого комитета при Министерстве земледелия. Работа в Комитете, по словам Вернадского, открыла для него новый мир и имела значение для формирования его научного мировоззрения. Именно в это время он окончательно убедился в том, что в окружающей нас природе - в биосфере - живые организмы играют важнейшую геохимическую роль.

The article describes the scientific and organizational activities of Academician V.I. Vernadsky as Chairman of the Agricultural Scientific Committee under the Ministry of Agriculture.
ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ТУРИЗМ КАК ФАКТОР ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ
Authors: Потапов И.И. , Потапов С.В.
Published: December 2024

Развитие экологического туризма на территориях как фактор экономического развития является приоритетным направлением в регионах и странах.

The development of ecological tourism in the territories as a factor of economic development is a priority in regions and countries.
СВЧ-РАДИОМЕТРИЯ В МОНИТОРИНГЕ ГЕОФИЗИЧЕСКИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ЗЕМНОЙ ПОВЕРХНОСТИ
Authors: Мкртчян Ф.А.
Published: December 2024

В работе кратко излагаются физические основы атмосферных, ледовых и снежных характеристик по данным СВЧ -радиометрии. Приводится обзор работ, где на основе модельных расчетов и экспериментальных измерений описываются излучательные способности ледяного и снежного покровов в СВЧ- диапазоне, рассматриваются вопросы разработки моделей для морских льдов с сильным и умеренным поглощением и пористых структур, особенности радиационных показателей молодых льдов, льдов с малой соленостью и паковых льдов. При этом отмечается возможность дистанционного различения возрастных градаций льдов. Приводятся конкретные примеры классификации явлений на водной поверхности и ледовых покровах. Входящие в систему программные модули были применены для обработки данных радиофизических экспериментов с ИСЗ «Космос - 1500» для районов Арктики. Анализируются статистические характеристики “пятнистости” радиояркостных температур, полученные для наиболее информативных порогов. Утверждается, что эти характеристики можно использовать при обнаружении аномальных явлений на водной поверхности и ледовых покровах.

The paper briefly describes the physical foundations of atmospheric, ice and snow characteristics according to microwave radio-frequency data. A review of the work is presented where, based on model calculations and experimental measurements, the emissivity of the ice and snow cover in the microwave range is described, the questions of the development of models for sea ice with strong and moderate absorption and porous structures, the features of the radiation indices of young ice, ice with low salinity and pack ice. At the same time there is a possibility of remote discrimination of age gradations of ice. Specific examples of the classification of phenomena on the water surface and ice cover are given. The program modules included in the system were used to process data from radiophysical experiments with the Artificial Earth Sputnik «Kosmos-1500» for the Arctic regions.The statistical characteristics of the "spotting" of the radio brightness temperatures, obtained for the most informative thresholds, are analyzed. It is asserted that these characteristics can be used in the detection of abnormal phenomena on the water surface and ice cover.
ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ МИКРОВОЛНОГО ЗОНДИРОВАНИЯ В ДИСТАНЦИОННОМ МОНИТОРИНГЕ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ
Authors: Мкртчян Ф.А.
Published: December 2024

В статье обсуждаются вопросы дистанционного мониторинга объектов окружающей среды. Основное внимание обращено на микроволновый диапазон электромагнитных излучений. Охарактеризованы теоретические основы радиофизического зондирования наземных экосистем и температурных аномалий на земной поверхности. Рассмотрена микроволновая модель лесного покрова как слоистой среды. Указаны взаимосвязи глобальных процессов в системе климатбиосфера-общество. Отмечены особенности биогеохимических циклов парниковых газов.

The article discusses issues of remote monitoring of environmental objects. The main attention is paid to the microwave range of electromagnetic radiation. The theoretical foundations of radiophysical sounding of terrestrial ecosystems and temperature anomalies on the earth's surface are characterized. A microwave model of forest cover as a layered medium is considered. The interrelations of global processes in the climate-biosphere-society system are indicated. The features of the biogeochemical cycles of greenhouse gases are noted.
НЕКОТОРЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ ГЛОБАЛЬНОЙ ЭКОДИНАМИКИ
Authors: Мкртчян Ф.А. , Солдатов В.Ю. , Потапов И.И.
Published: December 2024

В работе рассматриваются вопросы современной глобальной экодинамики. Анализируется наблюдавшуюся за последние десятилетия динамику потребления. состояние современной цивилизации и отмечается, что она находится в состоянии системного кризиса. Это неоднократно фиксировалось многими международными форумами. В качестве индикатора воздействия на глобальные экосистемы была введена величина «экологического отпечатка», характеризующего размер продуктивной площади суши, которая необходима для обеспечения производства потребных ресурсов и усвоения выбросов. Серьезную проблему составляет водообеспечение городов и осуществление мер по экономии воды. Оценивается роль энергии. Важное значение имеет существенный прогресс, достигнутый в использовании альтернативных источников энергии. Все вышесказанное означает, что современное состояние человеческого общества нельзя рассматривать как устойчивое со всех точек зрения (включая социальноэкономические и экологические условия).

The paper considers issues of modern global ecodynamics. The dynamics of consumption observed over the past decades is analyzed. the state of modern civilization and it is noted that it is in a state of systemic crisis. This has been repeatedly recorded by many international forums. As an indicator of the impact on global ecosystems, the value of the "ecological footprint" was introduced, characterizing the size of the productive land area necessary to ensure the production of the required resources and the absorption of emissions. Water supply to cities and the implementation of water saving measures are a serious problem. The role of energy is assessed. The significant progress achieved in the use of alternative energy sources is of great importance. All of the above means that the current state of human society cannot be considered as sustainable from all points of view (including socio-economic and ecological conditions).
О ГЛОБАЛЬНОЙ ДИНАМИКЕ ЭКОСИСТЕМ
Authors: Мкртчян Ф.А. , Солдатов В.Ю. , Потапов И.И.
Published: December 2024

В данной работе проанализированы современные тенденции в изменении экологических систем и оценены характеристики современной глобальной экодинамики. Анализируется современное состояние глобальных экосистем. Приводятся сценарии возможной эволюции глобальных экосистем. Особое внимание уделено организации глобального геоинформационного мониторинга, который мог бы обеспечить надежный контроль за развитием процессов в окружающей среде с перспективой получения прогнозных оценок последствий реализации антропогенных проектов.

This paper analyzes current trends in changes in ecological systems and assesses the characteristics of modern global ecodynamics. The current state of global ecosystems is analyzed. Scenarios for the possible evolution of global ecosystems are given. Particular attention is paid to the organization of global geoinformation monitoring, which could ensure reliable control over the development of processes in the environment with the prospect of obtaining predictive estimates of the consequences of the implementation of anthropogenic projects.
INFARTO AGUDO DO MIOCÁRDIO SEM SUPRADESNÍVEL DO SEGMENTO ST: UM RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Almeida Julia Dantas , Sgarbi Isadora Raineri
Published: December 2024

O infarto do miocárdio sem supradesnivelamento do segmento ST (IAMSSST) representa um evento pouco comum da síndrome coronariana aguda. As aparições são semelhantes a angina instável. A clássica dor torácica, é quase obrigatória. Contudo, o infarto do miocárdio sem supradesnivelamento do segmento ST (IAMSSST) se distingue da angina instável pelo aumento do nível de troponina cardíaca, ecg biomarcadores (troponina de alta sensibilidade) e ecocardiograma são as investigações de primeira linha. Complementar o quadro com radiografia torácica e tomografia computadorizada do tórax são essenciais para descartar demais doenças. É indispensável a estratificação de risco precoce e o tratamento com agentes anti-isquêmicos, como os betabloqueadores e nitratos; anticoagulantes como heparina e antiplaquetários duplos como aspirina associada a um inibidor do receptor P2Y12. Os pacientes de maior risco devem ser avaliados para uma estratégia invasiva precoce, angiografia coronariana e revascularização em 12-24 horas. A fim de evitar implicações como progressão ou agravamento do infarto do miocárdio, insuficiência cardíaca, choque cardiogênico, arritmias e morte.
Perfil Epidemiológico da Mortalidade por Acidentes com Motociclista no Estado de Minas Gerais
Authors: Caixeta Filipe Augusto Azevedo , Peixoto Marisa Costa
Published: December 2024

Os acidentes com motociletas são consideradas a segunda maior causa mortalidade por causas externas, sendo um problema de saúde pública que atinge os adultos jovens principalmente entre 15 e 30 anos. Portanto, o presente estudo tem por objetivo caracterizar o perfil epidemiológico da mortalidade por acidentes com motocicletas no estado de Minas Gerais entre 2019 e 2023. Trata-se de um estudo observacional, descritivo, do tipo transversal. Foram coletados os dados no Sistema de Informações de Mortalidade, pelo Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde referentes às variáveis correspondentes ao sexo, ano de óbito, morbidade, escolaridade, faixa etária, acidente de trabalho. Os resultados revelam que ocorreram 3942 óbitos, sendo que 5% foram relacionados pela atividade ocupacional, 45% de 8 a 11 anos de escolaridade, 88% sendo homens, 25% estando entre 20 a 29 anos e 20% ocorrendo no ano de 2023. A seleção das literaturas foi executada durante os meses de agosto a setembro de 2024. Conclui-se que o perfil epidemiológico é representado por homens com escolaridade de 8 a 11 anos, de 20 a 29 anos, com acidentes ocorrendo no ano de 2023, sendo os acidentes evidenciados como “ignorado” no caráter ocupacional. Com essa delimitação de perfil epidemiológico será possível traçar políticas de forma estratégica buscando a prevenção e melhoria no atendimento do público com as maiores taxas.
Управление жизненным циклом многоквартирного жилого дома на принципах открытой устойчивой архитектуры
Authors: Семенов А.Л. , Мищенко А.В. , Романенко Е.В.
Published: December 2024

Постановка задачи. Необходимо исследовать меры государственной поддержки в области строительства энергоэффективных многоквартирных домов, изучить новации в законодательстве и предпосылки развития в России устойчивой архитектуры, определить параметры, влияющие на энергоэффективность зданий на всех этапах жизненного цикла объектов недвижимости. Результаты. Проведен анализ таксонометрии энергоэффективности многоквартирных жилых домов и мер государственной поддержки в данной сфере. Изучены новации в законодательстве, включая «зеленые» стандарты, предусматривающие строительство, капитальный ремонт и реконструкции многоквартирных домов с учетом требований энергосбережения и развития комфортной среды обитания для владельцев жилья. Выводы. Внесены предложения по совершенствованию комплекса мер государственной поддержки в целях развития энергоэффективного строительства. Уточнен понятийный аппарат и принципы «открытой» устойчивой архитектуры. Определено, что рост энтропии энергоэффективности может отражать фактическое несоответствие класса энергоэффективности, заявленного на этапе проектирования и строительства здания.

Statement of the problem. It is necessary to develop new ways of developing sustainable architecture in Russia, as well as to improve scientific and methodological approaches in the field of energy efficiency and the life cycle of real estate objects, taking into account the tasks set out in the comprehensive state energy saving program. Results. The analysis of the energy efficiency taxometry of apartment buildings and government support measures in this area has been carried out. Innovations in legislation have been studied, including «green» standards providing for the construction, overhaul and reconstruction of apartment buildings, taking into account the requirements of energy conservation and the development of a comfortable living environment for homeowners. Conclusions. Proposals have been made to improve the package of state support measures for the development of energy-efficient construction. A new conceptual framework and principles of an «open» sustainable architecture have been developed. It is determined that the increase in energy efficiency entropy may reflect the actual discrepancy between the energy efficiency class declared at the design and construction stage of the building.
Влияние армирования несвязанных конструктивных слоев геосинтетическими материалами при проектировании нежестких дорожных одежд
Authors: Медведев Д.В. , Калгин Ю.И. , Симчук Е.Н.
Published: December 2024

Постановка задачи.Рассматривается задача эффективного использования геосинтетических материалов для армирования несвязанных конструктивных слоев, когда за счет их применения в дорожной одежде возможно улучшить эксплуатационные характеристики и увеличить модуль упругости дорожной конструкции. Рассматриваются методы проектирования нежестких дорожных одежд и применение теории упругости для многослойного полупространства. Результаты. Приведены результаты модельных и полевых экспериментов, демонстрирующие повышение устойчивости и снижение количества деформаций дорожных покрытий при использовании геосинтетиков. Показана эффективность применения программного обеспечения SigmaPro для расчета напряженно-деформированного состояния дорожной одежды. Выводы. Предложен механизм учета применения геосинтетического материала при армировании слоев основания дорожной одежды с применением методики расчета с учетом ПНСТ 542-2021. Предложенный механизм учитывает работу конкретного геосинтетического материала в конструктивном слое, а также вероятность снижения его прочностных свойств в процессе укладки, что обеспечивает более точное моделирование процесса устройства дорожной конструкции.

Statement of the problem. The study addresses the problem of effectively using geosynthetic materials for reinforcing unbound construction layers, whereby their application in pavement structures can enhance performance characteristics and increase the modulus of elasticity of the road structure. The methods of designing flexible pavements and the application of elasticity theory for a multilayer half-space are considered. Results. The results of model and field experiments are presented, demonstrating the increased stability and reduced deformation of pavements when using geosynthetics. The effectiveness of using the SigmaProsoftware for calculating the stress-strain state of pavement structures is shown. Conclusions. A mechanism for considering the use of geosynthetic material in reinforcing the base layers of pavement structures is proposed, using a calculation methodology based on PNST 542-2021. The proposed mechanism takes into account the specific performance of the geosynthetic material in the structural layer, as well as the potential reduction in its strength properties during installation, ensuring a more accurate modeling of the pavement construction process.
THE CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE OF ENGLISH MAJOR DEVELOPMENT IN LOCAL UNIVERSITIES AGAINST THE BACKDROP OF THE DISCIPLINE OF AREA STUDIES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF MATERIALIST HISTORY
Authors: CHENG Hong-bo
Published: December 2024

From the perspective of historical materialism, the emergence and development of area studies in China have their unique historical roots and practical value. In this context, local English majors in universities face both opportunities and challenges in transforming and upgrading in the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics. The article first introduces the decline of the United States, the rise of a new discipline, and the background and rationale of the emergence of Chinese area studies. Secondly, it proposes a discipline of "area studies with Chinese characteristics " that differs from Western area studies. Finally, the development status and prospects of English majors in local universities in serving the local social and economic growth and supporting national development strategies are interpreted in terms of talent cultivation, curriculum design, faculty, and international exchange and cooperation.
KEYWORDS：Area Studies; Chinese Characteristics; English Major; Materialist History