bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Normalization and Taylor expansion of lambda-terms
Authors: Olimpieri Federico
Published: May 2018

The aim of this work is to characterize three fundamental normalization proprieties in lambda-calculus trough the Taylor expansion. The general proof strategy consists in stating the dependence of ordinary reduction strategies on their resource counterparts and in finding a convenient resource term in the support of the Taylor expansion that behaves well under the considered kind of reduction.
Pengetahuan dan Perilaku Merokok Pelajar Sekolah Menengah Pertama
Authors: Suhta Diah Wijayanti
Published: May 2018

ABSTRAKRemaja merupakan target potensial bagi industri rokok. Hal ini tentu saja sangat mengkhawatirkan dan dibutuhkan edukasi yang intensif kepada para pelajar perokok. Tujuan studi adalah untuk melihat pengetahuan pelajar Sekolah Pertama Negeri (SMPN) terhadap perilaku merokok. Penelitian ini merupakan studi deskriptif dengan pedekatan Cross-sectional. Populasinya adalah semua pelajar di 4 SMPN di Kecamatan Sampang Madura yaitu sebanyak 1.789 pelajar. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan stratified random sampling berdasarkan kelas, diperoleh sampel sebanyak 273 pelajar. Hasilnya, perilaku merokok paling banyak dilakukan pelajar di usia 15 tahun yaitu sebesar 9,1%. Pelajar dengan rata rata usia 11-16 tahun sudah melakukan aktivitas merokok dimulai pada usia < 10 tahun yaitu sebanyak 48 (48%) pelajar, dan pelajar yang berusia 15 tahun memiliki angka yang paling banyak memulai usia merokok di usia < 10 tahun yaitu sebanyak 14 (14,3%) pelajar. Pelajar yang mempunyai status sebagai perokok semuanya belum pernah mendapatkan penyuluhan tentang bahaya perilaku merokok. Sebanyak 36,3% pelajar perokok memiliki pengetahuan yang kurang tentang bahaya rokok.Kata Kunci: Perilaku Merokok, Pelajar SMP, Pengetahuan, Remaja
Técnica Transfisária Parcial para Plastia do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior em Idade Pediátrica
Authors: Vieira-Silva Manuel , Duarte Rui M.
Published: May 2018

Com o aumento da participação de crianças em desportos de competição em idades cada vez mais jovens, tem-se assistido a um aumento da incidência e do diagnóstico de roturas intrasubstância do ligamento cruzado anterior. À semelhança do adulto, a instabilidade ligamentar predispõe a criança a um potencial risco de lesões meniscais e condrais com consequentes alterações degenerativas precoces. O tratamento atempado destas lesões torna-se crucial, estando a técnica cirúrgica diretamente dependente da idade fisiológica do doente. Os autores apresentam um caso clínico de rotura completa do ligamento cruzado anterior em criança esqueleticamente imatura, tratada cirurgicamente por uma técnica transfisária parcial, com excelente resultado funcional.

Recebido: 19/08/2015 - Aceite: 30/11/2015
Perspetiva sobre a Saúde Mental em Portugal
Authors: Palha João , Palha Filipa
Published: May 2018

No âmbito do Plano Nacional da Saúde Mental 2006-2017 (PNSM) foram criadas expetativas em torno de uma melhoria generalizada da saúde mental em Portugal, que sabemos hoje não terem sido concretizadas. Começando por definir os conceitos de saúde e doença mental, bem como a prevalência e impacto direto e indireto destas patologias, este artigo centra-se na abordagem de três questões centrais sobre a realidade nacional neste domínio: acessibilidade; rede de serviços e modelos de funcionamento; literacia na saúde mental e estigma.
Resistência aos Antibacterianos
Authors: Oliveira Rita , Aires Teresa
Published: May 2018

Resistência aos antibacterianos é a capacidade que as bactérias adquirem de sobreviverem a concentrações de fármacos que as inibem ou matam e está associada à excessiva e inadequada utilização dos antibacterianos.Existem hoje bactérias extraordinariamente resistentes a múltiplos tipos de antibacterianos: as “superbactérias”.Se nada for feito, em 2050 poderão morrer 10 milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo, vítimas de infeções por bactérias resistentes.
Luxação Metacarpofalângica do Polegar na Criança
Authors: Durão Carlos
Published: May 2018

Luxações isoladas das articulações metacarpofalângicas nas crianças são muito raras, sendo escassos os relatos na literatura. Isto pela fragilidade das físes, que pelo traumatismo associado, normalmente se separam em vez da ocorrência da luxação da articulação adjacente. Este trabalho apresenta o relato de um caso, discutindo a importância da atempada redução e as eventuais complicações descritas nestas lesões.

Recebido: 29/04/2016 - Aceite: 11/05/2016
Pneumologia: Retrospetiva do Século XX e Perspetiva para o Século XXI
Authors: Almeida Bugalho de
Published: May 2018

A reflexão incluída neste número da Gazeta Médica, sobre as “Perspetivas da Pneumologia”, carece de duas breves considerações que possibilitem a sua contextualização.

Em primeiro lugar a escolha do tema. Compreende-se e justifica-se que incida na Pneumologia.

Não sendo uma especialidade recente, pois tem as suas raízes na Tisiologia – com uma “passagem” de três a quatro décadas pela Pneumotisologia, mas tendo desde sempre despertado enorme interesse a clínicos e investigadores, e beneficiando do inegável progresso científico e tecnológico a que temos vindo a assistir, particularmente, na segunda metade do séc XX e no atual, esperar-se-ia que, como noutras, a morbilidade e mortalidade por doenças respiratórias mostrasse, pelo menos, o início do seu declínio.

Mas os dados epidemiológicos contrariam este raciocínio e chamam-nos a atenção para o aumento da incidência e prevalência das doenças crónicas obstrutivas das vias aéreas (doença pulmonar obstrutiva crónica, asma, bronquiectasias, entre outras), das doenças neoplásicas (que poderão vir a integrar o grupo das doenças crónicas) ou no campo da infeciologia das pneumonias (que continuam a ter elevada mortalidade, particularmente nas populações de idade mais avançada). Para mencionarmos, apenas, algumas das mais frequentes.

Por outro lado, não podemos deixar de recordar que uma das características do Ser Humano é a da reflexão sobre o seu passado, sobre o caminho que percorreu, os problemas com que se deparou, os obstáculos que enfrentou e como os superou, quer no seu percurso sejam contemplados aspetos pontuais ou restritos, ou a multiplicidade dos que influenciaram a sua evolução natural.Dela procura tirar ilações e tenta perspetivar o futuro.

O tema que nos foi atribuído situa-se nesta linha de pensamento e de conduta.
Análise dos Comportamentos Autolesivos na Unidade de Comportamentos Suicidários do Hospital de Braga
Authors: Carneiro Sara Jorge , Azenha Sónia , Peixoto Alberto Bessa
Published: May 2018

INTRODUÇÃO: O suicídio representa uma das principais dez causas de morte, a nível mundial. No presente trabalho, pretende-se estudar a realidade da consulta da Unidade de Comportamentos Suicidários (UCS) do Hospital de Braga, realizando uma análise estatística de caráter descritivo e analítico.MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Análise retrospetiva, descritiva e analítica de uma amostra referente às primeiras consultas da Unidade de Comportamentos Suicidários do Hospital de Braga entre 2012 e 2016, inclusive. Esta análise traduz-se no estudo do movimento da consulta, de parâmetros clínicos e da distribuição dos comportamentos suicidários pelas variáveis mês, género, grupo etário, situação profissional, estado civil e métodos suicidários utilizados.RESULTADOS: O diagnóstico mais frequente foi o de perturbação depressiva, em 51,3% da amostra. Verificou-se que os métodos violentos se encontravam associados de forma estatisticamente significativa com o género masculino, com o abuso de substâncias e com comportamento de repetição. Por sua vez, o comportamento de repetição mostrou ter uma associação de significado estatístico com acompanhamento psiquiátrico, com perturbação da personalidade e uso de psicofármacos.DISCUSSÃO/CONCLUSÃO: A associação entre métodos violentos e género masculino é reportada em outros estudos. Em investigações anteriores, foi observada uma elevada frequência de distúrbios da personalidade entre para-suicidas recorrentes, o que vai de encontro à associação que obtivemos entre comportamento de repetição e perturbação da personalidade. Foi verificada, em vários estudos, uma elevada incidência de suicídio nos pacientes com patologia depressiva, estando de acordo com os nossos resultados.
Um Caso de Trombocitopenia Neonatal com Neutropenia
Authors: Marques Sónia , Lucas Mafalda , Rodrigues Ana , Ferreira Ana Rute , Carvalhosa Glória , Neto Ana Serrão
Published: May 2018

A trombocitopenia neonatal aloimune é a causa mais comum de trombocitopenia grave neonatal. Resulta da incompatibilidade feto-materna de antigénios plaquetares, levando à produção de anticorpos maternos e destruição das plaquetas fetais durante a gravidez. A correlação entre aloanticorpos anti-HLA e neutropenia neonatal é extremamente rara, em parte pela reduzida expressão do sistema HLA leucócitos no recém-nascido. Uma vez que plaquetas e neutrófilos possuem sistema HLA, é possível que anticorpos HLA causem ambas neutropenia e trombocitopenia, embora sejam raras as citopenias combinadas. Reportamos um caso clínico de trombocitopenia neonatal aloimune associada a neutropenia aloimune.

Recebido: 30/09/2017 - Aceite: 18/10/2017
Síndrome Febril Indeterminada: O Repto do Internista
Authors: Barbosa Mário
Published: May 2018

A síndrome febril indeterminada representa desde os primórdios da Medicina um desafio diagnóstico. Os autores relatam o caso de um homem de meia-idade, aparentemente saudável, que praticava atividades ao ar livre, admitido na nossa Unidade para esclarecimento de quadro de febre arrastada, sem foco aparente, com mais de três semanas de evolução até ao diagnóstico definitivo. Salientamos a importância da ecografia hepática no esclarecimento etiológico da síndrome febril indeterminada nos quadros com clínica frustre, e a inclusão da amebíase no diagnóstico diferencial quando o contexto epidemiológico o justifica.

Recebido: 09/12/2016 - Aceite: 04/12/2017
Sclerotic Fibroma: A Differential Diagnosis of Spontaneous Keloid
Authors: Santos Rui Pedro , Resende Cristina , Ferreira Olga , Brito Celeste
Published: May 2018

CASE DESCRIPTIONSclerotic fibroma (SF) is a rare neoplasm first described in 1972 by Weary et al in association with Cowden syndrome.1 This rare syndrome typically manifests with mucocutaneous findings (trichilemmomas, verrucous papules in the oral mucosa, acral keratosis and sclerotic fibromas) and an increased risk for several neoplasms.1 Later, Rapini e Golitz coined the term solitary SF in the absence of Cowden syndrome.2 It is debatable whether SF is distinct lesion or a sclerotic evolutionary end-point of other conditions.3 SF manifests clinically as an asymptomatic, well-demarcated skin-colored to erythematous papule or nodule with no site or sex predilection.2,3 The authors present a healthy 56-year-old male with a pink, linear plaque located on the left shoulder slowly growing for about 20 years. He was previously treated with intralesional corticosteroids for a suspected spontaneous keloid but the patient abandoned treatment by his own initiative. [...]

REFERENCES1. Weary PE, Gorlin RJ, Gentry WC, Jr., Comer JE, Greer KE. Multiple hamartoma syndrome (Cowden’s disease). Arch Dermatol. 1972;106:682-90.2. Rapini RP, Golitz LE. Sclerotic fibromas of the skin. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1989;20:266-71.3. High WA, Stewart D, Essary LR, Kageyama NP, Hoang MP, Cockerell CJ. Sclerotic fibroma-like change in various neoplastic and inflammatory skin lesions: is sclerotic fibroma a distinct entity? J Cutan Pathol. 2004;31:373-8.

Received: 22/09/2017 - Accepted: 30/11/2017
Moving from Silos to Systems in Black Women’s Health Research
Authors: Kumanyika Shiriki
Published: May 2018

This special issue of Meridians offers a unique opportunity to reflect on the complexity of black women’s racialized and gendered health landscapes in light of relevant social and political contexts and conventions about: a) what constitutes research excellence, and b) how and by whom credible research is created. Throughout my forty-plus years of academic life, I have been repeatedly and sometimes painfully reminded of the importance of ongoing critical reflection on what it will take for black health researchers to generate evidence that will have major impacts on the health of black communities and individuals. US black women’s reproductive outcomes, health risk factors, disease occurrence, and survival after disease onset reflect multiple disadvantages when compared with US white women and, in some cases, with black men. These disadvantages can be understood as legacies of racially-biased and discriminatory US social and economic policies, practices, and attitudes dating back to black enslavement. Underlying causes of pervasive and persistent health disparities affecting the US black population are generally not acknowledged or are underestimated, including within academic circles. Black women’s health researchers, therefore face ongoing challenges of studying disparities in ways that take these underlying causes into account, while recognizing that such research may be met with resistance in various forms. Furthermore, research that addresses the diverse, dynamic, and intersectional causes of black women’s health problems will require multisectoral, multilevel, and interdisciplinary collaborations that extend beyond the boundaries and discipline-specific paradigms of the academic silos that typically control academic reward systems. I envision a future black women’s health research agenda that emanates from such a systems paradigm. The agenda would frame black women’s health and well-being as emerging from complex interactions among several causal factors acting at multiple levels and shifting over time. I believe that black women academics and those who link arms with us to address black women’s health issues have the capacity to succeed in generating major and long-lasting improvements in black women’s health, but only if we radically shift our approach to be systems-oriented. Current approaches may produce isolated successes, but these can easily be attenuated by the larger, unfavorable systems in which they occur. This vision is timely considering current US and global attention to social determinants of health and to achieving overall health equity. There are great opportunities, individually and (especially) collectively, to build on learnings from past decades and leverage today’s research tools to impact upon current and emerging black women’s health issues.
Cornbread, Collard Greens, and a Side of Liberation: Black Feminist Leadership and AIDS Advocacy
Authors: McLane-Davison Denise
Published: May 2018

Black feminist epistemology and phenomenological inquiry frame a recently published research study (McLane-Davison, 2016) that offers an intimate snapshot of the lives of ten pioneering community health leaders fighting for health justice. The leadership characteristics of these women embodies a similar commitment to community and human rights as the nineteenth century, Black Women’s Club movement (Gilkes, 2001), as well as, the nineteen sixties Civil Rights (Abdullah, 2007), and Black Power (Hill-Collins, 2006) movements. When HIV/AIDS emerged, it was yet another reason to advocate for the survival of their communities. As an organic space of safety, the family kitchen is cohere intergenerational knowledge and collective identity(Beoku-Betts, 1995) provide valuable key ingredients for developing an “advocacy spirit” of Black feminist leadership (Abdullah, 2007; Hill-Collins, 2007; McLane-Davison, 2016). Being “at the table,” where decisions were made, was both necessary and obligatory for addressing the inequities of resources and health outcomes. The findings of this phenomenological study revealed the characteristics of Black feminist leadership in HIV/AIDS community work (McLane-Davison, 2013; 2016). This article answers one of the key research questions: “What value, if any, do Black women bring to the fight against HIV/AIDS?” Black feminist leadership posits that liberation is always a topic when Black women gather. Their intergenerational strategy of “stirring the pot of justice” offers innovative and liberating approaches for sustaining healthier communities.
Black Feminism Embodiment: A Theoretical Geography of Home, Healing, and Activism
Authors: Okafor Chinyere
Published: May 2018

This paper aims to uplift a story by a queer Black woman activist residing in Port of Spain, Trinidad. Using various narrative analysis techniques, this paper also explores the tales told to understand how queer people in the Caribbean create a home of recognition and belonging, as well as analyzing the ejects of how queer, Black, transnational sharing of stories promotes survival and activism. Utilizing a Black feminist framework, this paper seeks to interrogate homeplace for queer people of color, as well as the spaces where activism lives, how it is enacted, and what that means for positive identity formation and healing from a toxic, homophobic environment. The piece is grounded in Black feminist work such as Demonic Grounds: Black Women and the Cartographies of Struggle by Katherine McKittrick (2006) and bell hook’s (1990) “Homeplace: A Site of Resistance,” as well as other feminist texts such as Borderlands/La Frontera by Gloria Anzaldúa (1987). By highlighting Ann’s story, the goal is to analyze the impermeability of borders within spaces, identities, and activism, as well as examine the ways that geographies can be mapped onto the bodies of Black queer women and their health.
Listening as a Creative Act
Authors: Smith Jordan B. L. , Schankler Isaac , Chew Elaine
Published: May 2018

Some important theories of music cognition, such as Lerdahl and Jackendoff’s (1983)A Generative Theory of Tonal Music, posit an archetypal listener with an ideal interpretation of musical structure, and many studies of the perception of structure focus on what different listeners have in common. However, previous experiments have revealed that listeners perceive musical structure differently, depending upon their music background and their familiarity with the piece. It is not known what other factors contribute to differences among listeners’ formal analyses, but understanding these factors may be essential to advancing our understanding of music perception.

We present a case study of two listeners, with the goal of identifying the differences between their analyses, and explaining why these differences arose. These two listeners analyzed the structure of three performances, a set of improvised duets. The duets were performed by one of the listeners and Mimi (Multimodal Interaction for Musical Improvisation), a software system for human-machine improvisation. The ambiguous structure of the human-machine improvisations as well as the distinct perspectives of the listeners ensured a rich set of differences for the basis of our study.

We compare the structural analyses and argue that most of the disagreements between them are attributable to the fact that the listeners paid attention to different musical features. Following the chain of causation backwards, we identify three more ultimate sources of disagreement: differences in the commitments made at the outset of a piece regarding what constitutes a fundamental structural unit, differences in the information each listener had about the performances, and differences in the analytical expectations of the listeners.
The Expansion of the Concept of Mode in Twentieth-Century Russian Music Theory
Authors: Bazayev Inessa
Published: May 2018

In Russian music theory, the concept oflad(mode) plays a central role in understanding non-tonal Russian music. There is no equivalent term in the West to explain Russianlad. Although early definitions simply described it as a diatonic scale, the term was later expanded, altered, and applied to non-tonal music of Scriabin, Prokofiev, and Shostakovich.Ladapplies not only to the traditional church or Greek modes, but also to alterations thereof, as well as newly created modes, where orthography often determines the function of a single pitch. I explore the ever-changing concept ofladin the writings of prominent Russian theorists Alexeï Ogolevets, Alexander Dolzhanskiĭ, Miroslav Skorik, and Iuriĭ Kholopov, and I show how the concept enables discussion of non-tonal music, first from functional and then from voice-leading perspectives. The Russian analyses highlight continuity between twentieth-century repertoires and music from the common-practice era.
A Glimpse at Iuriĭ Kholopov’s Garmonicheskiĭ analiz
Authors: Cairns Zachary A.
Published: May 2018

Iuriĭ Kholopov’s Garmonicheskiĭ analiz (Harmonic analysis) is a three-volume anthology, intended to accompany his textbook Garmoniia: Prakticheskiĭ kurs (Harmony: a practical course), which formed the basis of the harmony courses he taught at the Moscow Conservatory in the 1980s. This paper provides a small glimpse into the anthology, particularly volume 3. This volume, which deals primarily with non-tonal music of the twentieth century, is the only one with its own subtitle: hemitonicism. The subtitle refers to a simple, intuitive analytical system in which groups of intervals that involve one or more semitones play a prominent role. The paper concludes with an examination of Kholopov’s analysis of Denisov’s Romanticheskaia muzyka (Romantic Music) for oboe, harp, and string trio (1968), a representative example of the analyses in Garmonicheskiĭ analiz’s third volume.
From Me To You
Authors: BaileyShea Matthew L.
Published: May 2018

Scholars have long recognized the complexities of song personas in popular music. Less well recognized is the way that the deployment of pronouns in pop song lyrics can create sudden shifts in the various currents of musical meaning. Although songs often commit to a single point of view, it is quite common for songs to feature complex shifts in discourse, sometimes aligned with important changes in the music. This paper addresses an especially important pattern, a shift from distance to intimacy.
Riff Schemes, Form, and the Genre of Early American Hardcore Punk (1978–83)
Authors: Easley David B.
Published: May 2018

This article explores the structures of guitar riffs in early American hardcore punk rock and their role in the creation of meaning within the genre. Drawing upon a corpus analysis of recordings by Bad Brains, Black Flag, Dead Kennedys, and Minor Threat, the article begins by outlining the main ways in which guitar riffs are structured. Many reflect a structural basis in what I call “riff schemes,” organizing patterns of physical repetition and physical change made by a guitarist’s fretting hand. There are four main types, which are defined by the location of repetition within the riff (at the beginning or at the end) and whether the type of repetition is exact or altered: (1) Initial Repetition and Contrast, (2) Statement and Terminal Repetition, (3) Statement and Terminal Alteration, and (4) Model and Sequential Repetition. These schemes may also play an expressive role in song narratives of energy, intensity, and aggression, all of which are common tropes in oral histories of hardcore. In the final part of the article, I present analyses of two songs that demonstrate this use: Minor Threat’s “Straight Edge” and Black Flag’s “Rise Above.”
Schema Theory as a Construction Grammar
Authors: Gjerdingen Robert , Bourne Janet
Published: May 2018

Construction grammar, recently described as “the fastest growing linguistic and interdisciplinary approach to language” (Goldberg 2013, 30) has its foundations in the psychology of human categorization and other general cognitive abilities. So does schema theory in music. In the first extended comparison of these research programs, we present six central principles of construction grammar and demonstrate their relevance and applicability to schema-theoretic studies of music: 1) grammatical constructions, 2) surface structure, 3) a network of constructions, 4) cross-linguistic variability and generalization, 5) usage-based knowledge, and 6) exemplar models. Because studies in child development have played such an important role in changing how scholars view language acquisition and grammar formation (Tomasello 2003) we have chosen to illustrate many of the arguments with musical examples drawn from eighteenth- and nineteenth-century conservatories. An orphan at one of the eighteenth-century conservatories in Naples, the prodigy Henri Fissot at the Paris Conservatory in the 1850s, and the young Rachmaninoff at the Moscow Conservatory in the 1890s all learned the art of composition through the age-old practice of child apprenticeship. From the musical utterances made by these apprentices in response to exercises and contests one can infer much about the grammar being acquired. Extensive musical examples suggest that construction grammar can provide a model for how a large repertory of learned patterns of varying dimensions can collectively function as a flexible and adaptive music grammar.
Historical Hypermetrical Hearing
Authors: Love Stefan Caris
Published: May 2018

This paper proposes a cyclic model to represent how hypermeter in the minuet was perceived by the typical late eighteenth-century listener: a first-time listener intimately familiar with the local style. The listener seeks to match the music to a quadruple hypermetrical cycle whenever possible. Disruptions to the cycle includeinterruption, where a cyclic hyperdownbeat arrives unexpectedly early;deferral, where an expected cyclic hyperdownbeat is delayed; and irregular hypermetrical schemas. The fluctuation between easy hypermetrical regularity and tense disruption animates the music for the listener.
“Sous le rythme de la chanson”
Authors: Pau Andrew
Published: May 2018

The issue of “bad declamation” in French opera drew significant critical attention from composers and scholars in the long nineteenth century, with writers such as Castil-Blaze, Saint-Saëns, and d’Indy noting down perceived faults in French text setting. In this article, I examine examples of “mistreated accents” in nineteenth-century French opera, arguing that French composers from Grétry and Auber to Gounod and Bizet often used rhythm and text setting as a way to differentiate between two different kinds of operatic music: non-diegetic music (singing as speech) and diegetic music (singing as song). The diegetic style was also extended to situations where dance and military topics were used to depict characters performing to onstage audiences. I apply this framework to selected excerpts from Bizet’sCarmenin order to examine the part played by contrasting text-setting styles in the construction of that work’s musical drama.
Contour Recursion and Auto-Segmentation
Authors: Carter-Ényì Aaron
Published: May 2018

Contour recursion,a pattern of ups and downs found at multiple indices in an ordinal pitch series, is proposed as a basis for melodic segmentation and a computational method. The continuous C+ matrix (CONTCOM) is introduced with a moving window of degrees of adjacency that accommodates analysis of unsegmented pitch series. CONTCOM converts an ordinal pitch series into contour slices in an abstraction of pitch space that uses contour levels instead of contour pitches. Using a CONTCOM, an algorithm implemented in MATLAB searches for recursive patterns, recognizes transformations, and compares segments of different cardinalities. An analysis of Schoenberg’s op. 19, no. 4 is offered as a demonstration of these methods.
Ways of Knowing the Body, Bodily Ways of Knowing
Authors: Martens Peter
Published: May 2018

The central role of the body in producing music is hardly debatable. Likewise, the body has always played at least an implicit role in music theory, but has only been raised as a factor in music analysis relatively recently. In this essay I present a brief update of the body in music analysis via case studies, situated in the disciplines of music theory and music cognition, broadly construed. This current trajectory is part of a broader shift away from the musical score as the sole focus for analysis, which admittedly—though, in my view, delightfully—raises a host of challenging epistemological questions surrounding the interaction of performer (production) and listener (perception). While the concomitant research methodologies and technologies may be unfamiliar to scholars trained in humanities disciplines, I advocate for a full embrace of these approaches, either by individual researchers or in the form of cross-disciplinary collaboration.
Comparative Analysis of Pathfinding Algorithms A *, Dijkstra, and BFS on Maze Runner Game
Authors: Handy Permana Silvester Dian , Yogha Bintoro Ketut Bayu , Arifitama Budi , Syahputra Ade
Published: May 2018

Maze Runner game is a game that requires pathfinding algorithm to get to the destination with the shortest path. This algorithm is used in an NPC that will move from start node to destination node. However, the use of incorrect algorithms can affect the length of the computing process to find the shortest path. The longer the computing process, the longer the players have to wait. This study compared pathfinding algorithms A *, Dijkstra, and Breadth First Search (BFS) in the Maze Runner game. Comparison process of these algorithms was conducted by replacing the algorithm in the game by measuring the process time, the length of the path, and the numbers of block played in the existing computing process. The results of this study recommend which algorithm is suitable to be applied in Maze Runner Game.
Tradurre: un viaggio nel tempo
Authors: Cammarota Maria Grazia
Published: May 2018

The translation of a text belonging to a culturally distant age is like a journey across time: relying on the guidance of a translator, the new readers can delve into the past and explore a world that otherwise would remain accessible only to a restricted number of experts. Through examples from medieval Germanic texts, the papers collected in this volume offer significant insights into the specific role played by philology in the field of ‘intertemporal translation’, thus casting light on the central function, especially in the current cultural situation, of a discipline that values the ability of ‘reading slowly’ and a respectful approach towards the datum.
Traduzione, ideologia e identità aristocratica nella Svezia medievale: alcune riflessioni
Authors: Bampi Massimiliano
Published: May 2018

In medieval Sweden, translation played a major role in importing ideals from the continent that contributed towards laying the foundation for the establishment of courtly ideology, from the early 14th century onwards. The three translations customarily known as Eufemiavisor were the first major step in this process. The aim of this article is to provide some examples that help illustrate and discuss the nexus between aristocratic ideology and translation activity in Sweden during the 14th and the 15th centuries. Particular attention is given to seeking to explain the ideological purpose(s) that the selected texts (most of which are translations) were probably meant to serve by viewing them as part of an intertextual dialogue within the manuscript contexts in which they are preserved.
Membangun Fondasi Keilmuan Ekonomi Islam: Telaah Metodologi Muhammad Akram Khan
Authors: Ubaidillah Ahmad
Published: May 2018

Throughout my experience in tracking down and reading books on faith-based economics, in this case Islam, there are no books that specifically list the title of "Islamic economics". If there is, it is only initiated or introduced. Most books coming down to us still use the titles starting with the word, for example, system, concept, principle, or the doctrine of Islamic economics. Why do the authors of the book Islamic economics seem not dared to give his book title with label "science"? I presume that Islamic economics has not been considered as a science. In building a science, methodology is required. Islamic Economics also requires a well-established methodology to build the foundation of science. The study answers questions; how is methodology which is offered by Muhammad Akram Khan to build Islamic economics. The method used in this research is the study of literature with qualitative approach.The result of study concludes that Khan offers methodology of Islamic economics, if summarized, written as follows: First, Islamic economics uses a framework derived from the texts of divinity (revelation). Second, Islamic economics uses the inductive method, which gives witness to the truth or falsity assumptions and predictions about the two criteria of rationality and empirical evidence. Third, Islamic economy is built on ethical values ​​such as justice, virtue, moderation, sacrifice, caring for others, in the analysis, as behavioral parameters. Fourth, Islamic economics is a normative discipline. Islamic Economics investigates ways and means to change the existing economy with Islamic economy. Fifth, Islamic economics ask different questions with conventional economics. Its attention is on welfare (falah) human and creating social and institutional conditions that maximize falah in society. Clearly, Islamic economics strongly supports research programs that help maximize falah. Furthermore, Khan elaborates several issues related to the methodology that often appears in the forum of Islamic economists. There are some problems that Khan proposes, they are the interaction with modern economics, the role of revelation, assuming ideal Islamic society, and the general theory of Islamic economics.
Mengenal Asuransi Syariah Dari Sejarah, Dasar Hukum Sampai Akad Transaksi
Authors: Ulum Khozainul
Published: May 2018

The development of sharia-based insurance is very closely followed by people's understanding of the sharia insurance contract, the position of the parties in the sharia insurance so that each of interest group get legal protection. The legal protection is expected to provide the values ​​of truth, order, justice and benefit both sides party. Sharia insurance or takaful is basically ta’awun agreement between insurance participant and group of people. The aim is to guarantee and protect each other in dealing with the effects of a particular event is not expected that impinge on other participants. Insurance history has existed since the time of BCE and occurs at the time of ancient Egypt that is at the discretion of the Prophet Yusuf. But the existence of Islamic insurance in Indonesia is too late. Takaful in Muslim-majority country has existed since 1979, even with the non-Muslim majority states Indonesia defeated first. For example, in Luxemburg Takaful insurance evolved since 1983. Meanwhile, in Indonesia Islamic insurance start operating in 1995. The contract of sharia insurance is implemented by combining several contracts, namely mudharabah, tabarru, wakalah and hibah in one treaty. At glance, conventional and sharia insurance will appear same. But, in fact it is different. The difference consists in the legal foundation, management, accounting systems, operations and company culture.
MEKANISME PENGELOLAAN DANA TABARRU’ ASURANSI SYARIAH PRUDENTIAL LIFE ASSURANCE
Authors: Kambali Muhammad
Published: May 2018

Sharia Insurance according to a binding ruling in religious matters (fatwa) of the National Shari'ah Board of the Indonesian Ulama Council no: 21 /DSN-MUI/ X / 2001 is a mutual effort to help among a number of people/parties through investment in assets or tabarru' which provides a pattern of return to face certain risks through engagement in accordance with the sharia. PRUlink sharia is an insurance product associated with sharia-based investment. PRUlink Syariah is designed to meet the society's need for future financial designs in accordance with Islamic principles of sharia. There are two types of product of PRUlink Syariah insurance, namely PRUlink Syariah Investor Account and PRUlink Syariah Assurance Account. Kind of Product in PRUlink Syariah is contract between policy holders using contract of tabarru which is called hibah and the owner of the policy/participant premises sharia insurance company using contract of tijarah called wakalah bin ujrah. In sharia insurance there is a surplus sharing that will be distributed to customers calculated at the end of the calendar year. This can be obtained if there are more funds than tabarru' accounts that have been reduced by claims and debt to the company if any. How is PRUlinksyariah managed in Prudential? The result of the research shows that PRUsyariah premium management in Prudential is separated by two accounts, namely tabarru' account and investment account. The own fund is managed by Eastpring Investment, that is manager company from Asia prudential, while allocation of fund is invested in stocks and obligation which is in accordance with sharia principles contained in the Jakarta Stock Exchange. For the choice of investment in PRUsariah, there are three options of investment, namely Sharia-Rupiah Equity Fund, Sharia-Rupiah Managed Fund or Sharia-Rupiah fixed Income fund, in accordance with the choice of the next participant. From the investment result the participant agrees to pay tabarru’ contribution directly input into tabarru' account. Tabarru’  funds are fully owned by participants and used to pay claims participants claim at any time, but if there is tabaaru’ funds excess with claims total in one year as of 31 December paid, then tabarru’ surplus or that is called surplus will be distributed participants that meet the requirements to get the surplus.
PENYELESAIAN UTANG IMPOR, JU’ALAH DAN SERTIFIKAT BANK INDONESIA SYARIAH (SBIS) PERSPEKTIF FATWA DSN-MUI
Authors: Ulum Khozainul
Published: May 2018

Sharia financial Institution is one of the economic supporters of Indonesia. It is evidenced by the number of Islamic financial institutions that have sprung up this year, both sharia bank and non-bank sharia financial institution. It accommodates the aspiration and need of the society. The public is given the widest opportunity to establish a bank based on sharia principles, including convert from commercial banks whose business activities are based on conventional patterns into sharia patterns. The more sharia financial institutions that emerge, the more products offered by Islamic financial institutions to customers with the level of risk that can be overcome. The writing aims to answer the formulation of problem of settlement of import debts, contract of ju’a>lah and Sharia Certificate of Bank Indonesia (SBIS) in perspective of DSN-MUI fatwa. The result of research shows that in the DSN-MUI fatwa, it is explained that the settlement of imported debt or we know as letter of credit (L/C) may use the kafa>lah contract by taking a fee. It is also explained that one of the forms of kafa>lah contract is kafa>lah bi al-ma>l which is the application of kafa>lah contract which guarantees the payment of goods or debt repayment. This guarantee may be provided by the sharia bank to its customers in return for a fee. For the settlement of import debt there are several contracts that can be used, namely the contract of h}iwa>lah bi al-ujrah, waka>lah bi al-ujrah, and kafa>lah bi al-ujrah The Sharia Certificate of Bank Indonesia which used to be wadi>’ah with Wadi>’ah Certificate of Bank Indonesia which is now changed with Sharia Certificate of Bank Indonesia uses ju’a>lah contract. In this contract, Bank Indonesia pays the repayment upon maturity of SBIS with the relevant sharia banking record having performed and achieving the objectives expected by Bank Indonesia. If the sharia banking concerned is not able to achieve the desired objectives or stipulated by Bank Indonesia in terms of monetary control based on sharia principles, the relevant sharia banking will not receive any compensation from Bank Indonesia.
Methodology of calculation of QALY in pharmacoeconomic modelling: using questionnaires of study of patient’s quality of life
Authors: Makarova E.I. , Yagudina R.I.
Published: May 2018

This article presents a methodology for calculating QALY using questionnaires to study the quality of life of a patient. The review and classification of the most frequently used questionnaires of quality of life measurement validated to QALY are presented, their main features, advantages and disadvantages are highlighted. The main elements of universal questionnaires, as well as the stages of obtaining the utility index, are described in detail. In addition, alternative methods to obtaining health state utility values for generic questionnaires have been explored, using forecasting (mapping) based on data on other indicators of the patient’s health status.
Autoeficacia y Engagement en estudiantes de Ciencias de la Salud y su relación con la autoestima
Authors: Pérez Fuentes María Carmen , Molero Jurado María del Mar , Barragán Martín Ana Belén , Martos Martínez África , Simón Márquez María del Mar , Gázquez Linares José Jesús
Published: May 2018

En los últimos años, los entornos formativos son considerados como promotores del desarrollo integral del alumnado. De ahí el renovado interés por la psicología positiva y su aplicación al ámbito educativo. En esta línea, la autoestima será objeto de estudio e intervención no solo para la mejora de los resultados académicos, sino también para el desarrollo y ajuste psicológico del estudiante. El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar la relación de la autoeficacia general y las dimensiones del engagement o grado de implicación/compromiso con la carrera, y la importancia de estas variables como predictores de un alto nivel de autoestima, concretamente, en estudiantes de ciencias de la salud. Para ello, en una muestra de 188 alumnos de diferentes titulaciones del campo de la salud, se administran la Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg, la Escala de Autoeficacia General y la Escala de Bienestar en el Contexto Académico (UWES-S). Los resultados obtenidos muestran una correlación positiva de la autoestima con la autoeficacia, el vigor y la dedicación, mientras que la autoeficacia correlacionó positivamente con las tres dimensiones del engagement, y también con la edad. El análisis de regresión logística reveló que los predictores de una alta autoestima fueron las puntuaciones en autoeficacia (en sentido positivo) y en absorción (en sentido negativo). A partir de los resultados, se discute el papel de la autoeficacia general percibida por el alumno, la implicación de las diferentes dimensiones del engagement sobre la autoestima, así como la necesidad de continuar con el análisis de variables implicadas en el óptimo desarrollo y bienestar de los estudiantes.
Interacción participativa en las clases magistrales: fundamentación y construcción de un instrumento de observación
Authors: Tronchoni Héctor , Izquierdo Conrad , Anguera M. Teresa
Published: May 2018

La pérdida de comunicación en la clase magistral sucede cuando el docente considera, quizá de forma tácita, que los contenidos vertidos son productos orales completos e ignora que, en realidad, no son entidades dadas y acabadas porque requieren de la colaboración de los estudiantes. Frente a dicha concepción, este artículo propone un encuadre conversacional como modelo dialógico de referencia en la dinámica de las clases expositivas lideradas por el docente en el aula universitaria. Situados en el dominio de la psicología de la comunicación, el carácter indudablemente poliédrico de la interacción participativa considera idónea la aplicación de la observación sistemática como metodología a seguir. El foco de este trabajo consiste en presentar la fundamentación, la definición y las decisiones metodológicas para la construcción de un instrumento de observación de la clase magistral conformado por la combinación de formato de campo y sistemas de categorías.
Inventario de procesos de estudio (IPE-ES) para estudiantes universitarios: estudio de su fiabilidad y validez
Authors: Amieiro Natalia , Suárez Natalia , Cerezo Rebeca , Rosário Pedro , Núñez José Carlos
Published: May 2018

Superior (IPE-ES). Para ello, se aplicó esta escala, junto con otras dos de evaluación de los procesos auto-regulatorios (IPAA y ARATEX-R), a estudiantes universitarios de varias titulaciones de la Universidad de Oviedo en dos ocasiones con tres meses de distancia entre ambas aplicaciones. Asimismo, se tomaron medidas de rendimiento académico antes (PAU y curso anterior) y después del pase de las escalas (calificaciones finales del curso actual). La muestra total utilizada fue de 917 sujetos, todos ellos alumnos de varias Titulaciones de la Universidad de Oviedo (Psicología, Logopedia, Educación Infantil, Educación Primaria y Relaciones Laborales). Del total de la muestra el 84% (n = 770) son mujeres. En general, los resultados obtenidos mostraron que el IPE-ES dispone de una fiabilidad moderada en cuanto a consistencia interna de la escala, pero una buena respecto de su estabilidad temporal. Asimismo, los datos obtenidos apoyan claramente la validez de la escala, tanto de constructo como predictiva. En conclusión, los datos obtenidos en este estudio parecen sugerir que el IPE-ES es una escala suficientemente fiable y válida para la evaluación de los enfoques de aprendizaje en Enseñanza Superior.
Los retos de la evaluación docente en la Universidad
Authors: Rueda Beltrán Mario
Published: May 2018

Este artículo trata de las funciones de la Universidad en nuestros días, destacando sus principales objetivos: la investigación, la docencia y la extensión de la cultura. La organización de las universidades se centra principalmente en la producción de conocimiento o la impartición de la docencia, aunque además de valorarse los aprendizajes de los estudiantes se tiene en cuenta el trabajo del propio profesorado y del sistema educativo en sí, realizándose evaluaciones periódicas al profesorado, para así mejorar la calidad educativa. De ésta forma, los docentes reconocen la importancia de la planeación académica colegiada y las dificultades para llevarla a cabo, así como la necesidad de un mayor conocimiento de la didáctica.
The Complexity of College Readiness: Differences by Race and College Selectivity
Authors: Klasik Daniel , Strayhorn Terrell L.
Published: May 2018

To make the abstract idea of “college readiness” legible for public purposes, readiness indicators have tended to treat students identically: If a student meets a simple benchmark, he or she is ready for any college. This shorthand ignores that indicators of readiness may differ according to students’ backgrounds and where they choose to enroll in college. We use nationally representative data to show that readiness measures that are sensitive to students’ race/ethnicity and the selectivity and level of colleges in which they enroll reveal important nuance in readiness predictions. We find different readiness benchmarks indicate readiness for different groups of students when high school performance measures are used to predict different college outcomes, complicating the interpretation and use of conventional readiness measures.