bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BRCA1 Insufficiency Induces a Hypersialylated Acidic Tumor Microenvironment That Promotes Metastasis and Immunotherapy Resistance
Authors: Shu Xiaodong , Li Jianjie , Chan Un In , Su Sek Man , Shi Changxiang , Zhang Xin , An Tingting , Xu Jun , Mo Lihua , Liu Jianlin , Wang Yuqing , Li Xiaoling , Deng Min , Lei Josh Haipeng , Wang Chunfei , Tian Hao , Heng Sun , Shim Joong Sup , Zhang Xuanjun , Dai Yunlu , Yao Zhicheng , Kuang Xiaying , Lin Ying , Deng Chu-Xia , Xu Xiaoling
Published: May 2023

Cancer metastasis is an extremely complex process affected by many factors. An acidic microenvironment can drive cancer cell migration toward blood vessels while also hampering immune cell activity. Here, we identified a mechanism mediated by sialyltransferases that induces an acidic tumor-permissive microenvironment (ATPME) in BRCA1-mutant and most BRCA1-low breast cancers. Hypersialylation mediated by ST8SIA4 perturbed the mammary epithelial bilayer structure and generated an ATPME and immunosuppressive microenvironment with increased PD-L1 and PD1 expressions. Mechanistically, BRCA1 deficiency increased expression of VEGFA and IL6 to activate TGFβ–ST8SIA4 signaling. High levels of ST8SIA4 led to accumulation of polysialic acid (PSA) on mammary epithelial membranes that facilitated escape of cancer cells from immunosurveillance, promoting metastasis and resistance to αPD1 treatment. The sialyltransferase inhibitor 3Fax-Peracetyl Neu5Ac neutralized the ATPME, sensitized cancers to immune checkpoint blockade by activating CD8 T cells, and inhibited tumor growth and metastasis. Together, these findings identify a potential therapeutic option for cancers with a high level of PSA.

Significance:

BRCA1 deficiency generates an acidic microenvironment to promote cancer metastasis and immunotherapy resistance that can be reversed using a sialyltransferase inhibitor.
Supplementary Table S5 from CD49d Expression Identifies a Biologically Distinct Subtype of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia with Inferior Progression-Free Survival on BTK Inhibitor Therapy
Authors: Alsadhan Anfal , Chen Jonathan , Gaglione Erika M. , Underbayev Chingiz , Tuma Pamela L. , Tian Xin , Freeman Lita A. , Baskar Sivasubramanian , Nierman Pia , Soto Susan , Itsara Andy , Ahn Inhye E. , Sun Clare , Bibikova Elena , Hartmann Tanja Nicole , Mhibik Maissa , Wiestner Adrian
Published: May 2023

Supplementary Table S5: CD49d samples used for the RNAseq analysis
Supplementary Figure S2 from Targeting Replication Stress and Chemotherapy Resistance with a Combination of Sacituzumab Govitecan and Berzosertib: A Phase I Clinical Trial
Authors: Abel Melissa L. , Takahashi Nobuyuki , Peer Cody , Redon Christophe E. , Nichols Samantha , Vilimas Rasa , Lee Min-Jung , Lee Sunmin , Shelat Meenakshi , Kattappuram Robbie , Sciuto Linda , Pinkiert Danielle , Graham Chante , Butcher Donna , Karim Baktiar , Sharma Ajit Kumar , Malin Justin , Kumar Rajesh , Schultz Christopher W. , Goyal Shubhank , del Rivero Jaydira , Krishnamurthy Manan , Upadhyay Deep , Schroeder Brett , Sissung Tristan , Tyagi Manoj , Kim Jung , Pommier Yves , Aladjem Mirit , Raffeld Mark , Figg William Douglas , Trepel Jane , Xi Liqiang , Desai Parth , Thomas Anish
Published: May 2023

Pharmacokinetic assessment
Supplemental Table S6 from Clonal Hematopoiesis in Young Women Treated for Breast Cancer
Authors: Gibson Christopher J. , Fell Geoffrey , Sella Tal , Sperling Adam S. , Snow Craig , Rosenberg Shoshana M. , Kirkner Greg , Patel Ashka , Dillon Deborah , Bick Alexander G. , Neuberg Donna , Partridge Ann H. , Miller Peter G.
Published: May 2023

P53 or PPM1D Mutations And Prior Cytotoxic Exposure
Supplemental Table S4 from Clonal Hematopoiesis in Young Women Treated for Breast Cancer
Authors: Gibson Christopher J. , Fell Geoffrey , Sella Tal , Sperling Adam S. , Snow Craig , Rosenberg Shoshana M. , Kirkner Greg , Patel Ashka , Dillon Deborah , Bick Alexander G. , Neuberg Donna , Partridge Ann H. , Miller Peter G.
Published: May 2023

All Mutations Identified in One-Year Samples
Supplemental Table S1 from Clonal Hematopoiesis in Young Women Treated for Breast Cancer
Authors: Gibson Christopher J. , Fell Geoffrey , Sella Tal , Sperling Adam S. , Snow Craig , Rosenberg Shoshana M. , Kirkner Greg , Patel Ashka , Dillon Deborah , Bick Alexander G. , Neuberg Donna , Partridge Ann H. , Miller Peter G.
Published: May 2023

Genes Sequenced from One-Year Blood Samples
Data from CD49d Expression Identifies a Biologically Distinct Subtype of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia with Inferior Progression-Free Survival on BTK Inhibitor Therapy
Authors: Alsadhan Anfal , Chen Jonathan , Gaglione Erika M. , Underbayev Chingiz , Tuma Pamela L. , Tian Xin , Freeman Lita A. , Baskar Sivasubramanian , Nierman Pia , Soto Susan , Itsara Andy , Ahn Inhye E. , Sun Clare , Bibikova Elena , Hartmann Tanja Nicole , Mhibik Maissa , Wiestner Adrian
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurpose:
To determine the role of CD49d for response to Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKi) in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).
Patients and Methods:
In patients treated with acalabrutinib (n = 48), CD49d expression, VLA-4 integrin activation, and tumor transcriptomes of CLL cells were assessed. Clinical responses to BTKis were investigated in acalabrutinib- (n = 48; NCT02337829) and ibrutinib-treated (n = 73; NCT01500733) patients.
Results:
In patients treated with acalabrutinib, treatment-induced lymphocytosis was comparable for both subgroups but resolved more rapidly for CD49d+ cases. Acalabrutinib inhibited constitutive VLA-4 activation but was insufficient to block BCR and CXCR4–mediated inside–out activation. Transcriptomes of CD49d+ and CD49d− cases were compared using RNA sequencing at baseline and at 1 and 6 months on treatment. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed increased constitutive NF-κB and JAK–STAT signaling, enhanced survival, adhesion, and migratory capacity in CD49d+ over CD49d− CLL that was maintained during therapy. In the combined cohorts of 121 BTKi-treated patients, 48 (39.7%) progressed on treatment with BTK and/or PLCG2 mutations detected in 87% of CLL progressions. Consistent with a recent report, homogeneous and bimodal CD49d-positive cases (the latter having concurrent CD49d+ and CD49d− CLL subpopulations, irrespective of the traditional 30% cutoff value) had a shorter time to progression of 6.6 years, whereas 90% of cases homogenously CD49d− were estimated progression-free at 8 years (P = 0.0004).
Conclusions:
CD49d/VLA-4 emerges as a microenvironmental factor that contributes to BTKi resistance in CLL. The prognostic value of CD49d is improved by considering bimodal CD49d expression.
Data from Targeting Replication Stress and Chemotherapy Resistance with a Combination of Sacituzumab Govitecan and Berzosertib: A Phase I Clinical Trial
Authors: Abel Melissa L. , Takahashi Nobuyuki , Peer Cody , Redon Christophe E. , Nichols Samantha , Vilimas Rasa , Lee Min-Jung , Lee Sunmin , Shelat Meenakshi , Kattappuram Robbie , Sciuto Linda , Pinkiert Danielle , Graham Chante , Butcher Donna , Karim Baktiar , Sharma Ajit Kumar , Malin Justin , Kumar Rajesh , Schultz Christopher W. , Goyal Shubhank , del Rivero Jaydira , Krishnamurthy Manan , Upadhyay Deep , Schroeder Brett , Sissung Tristan , Tyagi Manoj , Kim Jung , Pommier Yves , Aladjem Mirit , Raffeld Mark , Figg William Douglas , Trepel Jane , Xi Liqiang , Desai Parth , Thomas Anish
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurpose:
Despite promising preclinical studies, toxicities have precluded combinations of chemotherapy and DNA damage response (DDR) inhibitors. We hypothesized that tumor-targeted chemotherapy delivery might enable clinical translation of such combinations.
Patients and Methods:
In a phase I trial, we combined sacituzumab govitecan, antibody–drug conjugate (ADC) that delivers topoisomerase-1 inhibitor SN-38 to tumors expressing Trop-2, with ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) inhibitor berzosertib. Twelve patients were enrolled across three dose levels.
Results:
Treatment was well tolerated, with improved safety over conventional chemotherapy-based combinations, allowing escalation to the highest dose. No dose-limiting toxicities or clinically relevant ≥grade 4 adverse events occurred. Tumor regressions were observed in 2 patients with neuroendocrine prostate cancer, and a patient with small cell lung cancer transformed from EGFR-mutant non–small cell lung cancer.
Conclusions:
ADC-based delivery of cytotoxic payloads represents a new paradigm to increase efficacy of DDR inhibitors.
Figure S6 from Mitochondria transfer from mesenchymal stem cells confers chemoresistance to Glioblastoma stem cells through metabolic rewiring
Authors: Nakhle Jean , Khattar Khattar , Özkan Tülin , Boughlita Adel , Abba Moussa Daouda , Darlix Amelie , Lorcy Frédérique , RIGAU Valérie , BAUCHET Luc , Gerbal-Chaloin Sabine , Daujat-Chavanieu Martine , Bellvert Floriant , Turchi Laurent , Virolle Thierry , Hugnot Jean-Philippe , Buisine Nicolas , Galloni Mireille , Dardalhon Valerie , Rodriguez Anne-Marie , Vignais Marie-Luce
Published: May 2023

Metabolite detection in resected GBM from 8 patients, at 1rst resection and at 2nd resection post-TMZ treatment.
For each metabolite, the C12/C13 ratios normalized to tissue protein concentrations are indicated.
Intervista a Maria Giovanna Arcamone: un viaggio attraverso l'onomastica e la toponomástica
Authors: Arcamone Maria Giovanna , Carvalhinhos Patricia , Giuntoli Giacomo
Published: May 2023

Il contributo dalla Prof.ssa Arcamone agli studi di onomastica e toponomastica in più di mezzo secolo di incessante lavoro è davvero di natura incalcolabile. Basti pensare ai suoi contributi pioneristici sugli studi dei toponimi longobardi o al contributo determinante dato alla scena onomastica letteraria italiana con la fondazione di il Nome nel testo insieme al compianto prof. Davide De Camilli e alla prof. Donatella Bremer. Ma ciò ovviamente è una goccia infinitesimale di una voce importante che ha saputo ispirare generazioni di studiosi non solo attraverso la caratura dei propri contributi ma anche con un’incessante riflessione sul metodo di ricerca. Detto questo, la presente intervista ci consente di ripercorrere alcune delle tappe di questo straordinario viaggio filologico, onomastico, linguistico ma soprattutto umano dove lo studio dei nomi non è solo un inerte materia per eruditi ma un mezzo per comprendere meglio e nel profondo il complesso mondo in cui viviamo.
Cross-Lingual Transfer with Language-Specific Subnetworks for Low-Resource Dependency Parsing
Authors: Choenni Rochelle , Garrette Dan , Shutova Ekaterina
Published: May 2023

Large multilingual language models typically share their parameters across all languages, which enables cross-lingual task transfer, but learning can also be hindered when training updates from different languages are in conflict. In this article, we propose novel methods for using language-specific subnetworks, which control cross-lingual parameter sharing, to reduce conflicts and increase positive transfer during fine-tuning. We introduce dynamic subnetworks, which are jointly updated with the model, and we combine our methods with meta-learning, an established, but complementary, technique for improving cross-lingual transfer. Finally, we provide extensive analyses of how each of our methods affects the models.
Neural Data-to-Text Generation Based on Small Datasets: Comparing the Added Value of Two Semi-Supervised Learning Approaches on Top of a Large Language Model
Authors: van der Lee Chris , Ferreira Thiago Castro , Emmery Chris , Wiltshire Travis J. , Krahmer Emiel
Published: May 2023

This study discusses the effect of semi-supervised learning in combination with pretrained language models for data-to-text generation. It is not known whether semi-supervised learning is still helpful when a large-scale language model is also supplemented. This study aims to answer this question by comparing a data-to-text system only supplemented with a language model, to two data-to-text systems that are additionally enriched by a data augmentation or a pseudo-labeling semi-supervised learning approach.

Results show that semi-supervised learning results in higher scores on diversity metrics. In terms of output quality, extending the training set of a data-to-text system with a language model using the pseudo-labeling approach did increase text quality scores, but the data augmentation approach yielded similar scores to the system without training set extension. These results indicate that semi-supervised learning approaches can bolster output quality and diversity, even when a language model is also present.
The Phenomenal Atlases of Contemporary Physics: Knowing the Imperceptible
Authors: Bradonjić Kaća
Published: May 2023

Physicists study the physical world on spatial, temporal, and complexity scales inaccessible through ordinary human perception. How, then, does a person ground their understanding of physics at these scales in the sensory impressions and emotional states made possible by their body? The author describes a framework that approaches this question by integrating artistic and intellectual methods and is informed by the history of science, theories of embodied cognition, and Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s philosophy of phenomenology. The framework’s goal is to understand the subjective, internal representations of physics concepts used by practicing physicists and to explore their impact on collective research efforts.
From Thought-Forms to Art Concret: Tracey M. Benson Interviews Paul Brown
Authors: Brown Paul , Benson Tracey M.
Published: May 2023

In this interview computational and generative artist Paul Brown discusses his early work of the 1960s and 1970s. He also describes his influences along with observations about how this early work directed his later career. The interviewer, artist Tracey M. Benson, practices in the art, science, and technology field and is a longtime friend and mentee. The two share many similar interests that are revealed in their conversation.
The Unveiled City: Multicultural Representation of Tokyo by Hashtag Labeling on Instagram
Authors: Cabrera Yonlay , Diago Luis
Published: May 2023

The birth and progress of civilization are linked to the development of cities. This study investigates how people view and experience Tokyo, the populous megalopolis and major tourist hub. A digital art installation unveils a Tokyo that exists only through interaction. The authors reduce the city’s culturally dependent representation through a database using hashtags in 47 languages. The automated processing of the database finds trends in Tokyo’s representations on Instagram using Computer Vision (CV) and Natural Language Processing (NLP), yielding results in the art installation like current semiotic readings of the city.
When the Computer Entered the Music Scene: The Collaboration between the Centro di Sonologia Computazionale and La Biennale di Venezia
Authors: Canazza Sergio , De Poli Giovanni , Vidolin Alvise
Published: May 2023

The era of collaboration between the Centro di Sonologia Computazionale (CSC) and the Venice Biennale in the early 1980s marked a real breakthrough in the development of technological art and computer music. Thanks to this collaboration, computer music, which in those years was confined to research laboratories with auditions for insiders, entered the global contemporary music scene. This interview by Sergio Canazza, current director of CSC, with two leading figures of that endeavor aims to bear witness to that creative turning point.
The Belitung Shipwreck in Virtual Reality: Exploring the Narrative Framework of Digital Cultural Heritage
Authors: Wang Baosheng , Liang Qing
Published: May 2023

Building on the work of Belitung VR, this article seeks to explore a narrative framework for digital cultural heritage storytelling. Belitung VR is a serious game intended to disseminate cultural knowledge about its subject via VR, wherein users can freely explore the virtual reconstruction of a shipwrecked Arab dhow to learn about historical shipping between China and West Asia while collecting clues to the cause(s) of the wreck. The framework consists of narrative goals (physical and nonphysical), narrative elements (character, world, and plot), and narrative grammar (immersion, interaction, rhetoric, and factuality). This work can serve as a practice guide and evaluative framework for designers/artists with an aspiration to digitally disseminate cultural heritage.
What Does Your Heart Tell You? A Reconceptualization of Functional Cardiac Symptoms in Finland (1940s–1980s)
Authors: Myllykangas Mikko
Published: May 2023

During the Continuation War of 1941–1944, Finnish medical experts began to encounter military patients suffering from chest pains, breathlessness, palpitations, fatigue, and many other symptoms which could not be explained by somatic findings. In the history of medicine, these symptoms and a plethora of associated diagnoses (such as ‘Da Costa syndrome’, ‘soldier’s heart’, ‘effort syndrome’, ‘nca’, ‘neurocirculatory dystonia’, and so on) have been studied for the most part in the contexts of war, especially in connection with World War I. Most of medical and psychiatric discussion of the syndrome in Finland, however, took place after World War ii. Importantly, this included the emergence of an informal public education campaign which sought to promote an understanding of the harmlessness of ‘functional cardiac symptoms’. In this article, I examine the development and transformations of the discourse of functional cardiac symptoms in Finland through an analysis of the medical discussions. The post-war introduction of medical theories of stress and psychosomatic medicine had a significant impact on how the complaints related to functional cardiac symptoms were addressed. I aim to show that the rethinking of the connection between mind and body, as well as the increasing understanding of hormonal functions of the body, adjusted the demarcation between somatic medicine and psychiatry following the dissemination of psychosomatic medicine and the concept of stress.
Medinilla johnii, a new name for Medinilla parvifolia Baker (Melastomataceae)
Authors: KOTTAIMUTHU RAMALINGAM
Published: May 2023

N/A
Lyophyllum deqinense (Lyophyllaceae, Agaricales), a new species from southwestern China
Authors: MA YUANHAO , LIU PING , ZHAO ZIYUE , CHEN WEIMIN , ZHAO YONGCHANG
Published: May 2023

Lyophyllum deqinense sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Yunnan Province, China, based on morphological features and molecular (ITS and LSU) data. The species can be distinguished by a greyish brown to light brown pileus and obtuse central umbo of the pileus, inrolled margin, globose to subglobose basidiospores (5.7–7.2 × 5.5–6.8 µm), clavate basidia (24–34 × 7–10 µm), cespitose and gregarious habit in soil. L. pallidofumosum is similar to the new species in pileus and stipe color, and shape and size of the basidia, but it lacks an obtuse central umbo, has smaller spores (4.5–5.6 × 4.3–5.4 µm), and sometimes is solitary or subcespitose. The combination of morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses indicates that the species belongs to the L. decastes complex.
Systematics of the Nososticta salomonis complex (Odonata: Zygoptera: Platycnemididae)
Authors: THEISCHINGER GÜNTHER , MITCHELL ANDREW , RICHARDS STEPHEN J. , POLHEMUS DAN A.
Published: May 2023

We examined the morphology, colour patterns and genetic relationships of Nososticta populations allied to N. salomonis (Selys) from across Melanesia. Seven species-level taxa are recognised in the N. salomonis ‘complex’: N. africana (Schmidt), N. boonei sp. nov., N. chrismulleri Theischinger & Richards, N. hedigeri sp. nov., N. salomonis (Selys), N. stueberi sp. nov., and N. tagula sp. nov. All of these species are black damselflies with blue markings, and they differ from all other Nososticta by having: 1) a prominent spike on the male superior appendage, 2) a prominent angular base of the male inferior appendage, and 3) a complex posterior lobe on the female pronotum bearing two pairs of processes in the rough shape of a chair when viewed laterally. A molecular phylogeny based on the DNA barcode fragment of the COI gene plus two nuclear genes indicates that these seven species are closely related, but more extensive sampling of Nososticta species is required to confirm that they form a monophyletic group.
Description of two new species of the Genus Ducetia Stål 1874 (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae) from India
Authors: TIWARI CHANDRANSHU , DIWAKAR SWATI
Published: May 2023

In the present paper the genus Ducetia Stål 1874 in India is reviewed. The diagnostic characters for two new species of Ducetia Stål 1874, D. assamica sp. nov. from North-East India and D. rohinii sp. nov. from Western Ghats are described. The two species are part of Ducetia japonica species complex. Further information on the distribution and ecology of species is given. A key to studied species of Ducetia is presented. While morphologically similar, D. assamica and D. rohinii show distinct differences in their call structures. Our work demonstrates the importance of acoustic signals in taxonomic studies.
The experimental life cycle closure of Andricus truncicolus (Giraud, 1859) (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) and taxonomic description of its sexual generation
Authors: SOTTILE SALVATORE , CERASA GIULIANO , MASSA BRUNO , VERDE GABRIELLA LO
Published: May 2023

The life cycle of Andricus truncicolus (Giraud, 1869), a species previously known only from its asexual generation, is closed. Laboratory rearing and field sampling have revealed the sexual generation of this species, which develops in a hypertrophic degeneration of the terminal or lateral shoot buds appearing as a muddled agglomerate of leaves on Quercus, section Cerris oaks. We describe for the first time the newly discovered sexual generation of A. truncicolus and provide illustrations and diagnosis for adults and galls of both generations, further observations on biology and information on the species distribution.
Description of a new species and new records of Rhagovelia Mayr, 1865 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Veliidae) from northern and northeastern Brazil
Authors: PAIVA NATHÁLIA DE OLIVEIRA , RODRIGUES JULIANA MOURÃO DOS SANTOS , FRANCO CLEILTON LIMA , MOREIRA FELIPE FERRAZ FIGUEIREDO
Published: May 2023

Rhagovelia Mayr, 1865 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Veliidae) is a species-rich and widespread genus of semiaquatic bugs, found both in freshwater and coastal marine environments. Despite the considerable number of species recorded from Brazil, the northern and northeastern regions of the country remain poorly explored. We present here the description of a new species of the angustipes complex, Rhagovelia leilae Paiva, Rodrigues & Moreira, sp. nov., and new records for the following species: R. brunae Magalhães & Moreira, 2016; R. evidis Bacon, 1948; R. hambletoni Drake & Harris, 1933; R. humboldti Polhemus, 1997; R. tenuipes Champion, 1898; and R. whitei (Breddin, 1898). These include the first records of species of Rhagovelia from the states of Pernambuco and Tocantins, and also increase the number of known species from the states of Alagoas, Bahia, and Maranhão to six, five and six, respectively.
Prospects for Machine Learning Activity within the United States National Weather Service
Authors: Roebber Paul J. , Smith Stephan
Published: May 2023

The National Weather Service (NWS) Office of Science and Technology Integration commissioned a report to assess the status of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) activity within the agency with a view toward identifying existing obstacles and recommending future directions. The purpose of this essay is to communicate the steps that the NWS plans to take to realize the potential benefits of AI in operations. AI activities are growing rapidly within atmospheric sciences, and the NWS is part of this growth. However, the activity is fragmented and lacks the needed infrastructure for improved coordination of effort. Current obstacles to progress include insufficient workforce training in AI/ML, a lack of curated datasets and software that can be used for development and evaluation of these approaches, the absence of a centralized clearing house available to NWS personnel for technical expertise and consultation, limited operational compute resources, and a lack of a clear end-to-end project pathway that encompasses exploration, development, testbed/proving ground, and operational implementation. These limitations are addressable. Training materials specific to NWS interests can be developed through collaboration with existing NOAA centers. Establishing a reference library staffed with AI/ML consultants tasked with collaborating with operational units would reduce siloed efforts and enhance productivity. Establishing funding vehicles for theme-based projects with a sustainable pathway through operational implementation would help bridge the research-to-operations “valley of death.” Given the growth of AI/ML across the U.S. Weather Enterprise and the already substantial involvement of academic and private sector entities, these developments within the NWS will be of interest to the atmospheric science field.
Comparative Performance of Radar, Laser, and Waverider Buoy Measurements of Ocean Waves. Part II: Time-Domain Analysis
Authors: Jangir Pramod Kumar , Ewans Kevin C. , Young Ian R.
Published: May 2023

Accurate measurements of ocean waves underpin efficient offshore operations and optimal offshore structure design, helping to ensure the offshore industry can operate both safely and economically. Popular instruments used by the offshore industry are the Rosemount WaveRadar (Radar) and the Waverider Buoy. The Optech Laser has been used at some locations for specific studies. Recent reports indicate systematic differences of order 10% among the wave measurements made by these instruments. This paper examines the relative performance of these instruments based upon various time-domain comparisons, including results from a quality control (QC) procedure, capabilities of measuring the wave surface profile (skewness), and crest heights for varying wind sea and swell conditions. The QC check provides good-quality data that can be further investigated with an assurance of error-free data, suggesting that the Waverider produces the best-quality data with the lowest failure rate compared to the Laser and Radar. A significant number of the Waverider surface elevation records have negative skewness, particularly at higher sea states, affecting its crest height measurements, which are lower than those from the Laser and Radar. Additionally, the significant wave height (H1/3) estimates of the Radar are lower than the Laser and Waverider, but its zero-crossing wave periods (TZ), on average, are longer than the Laser and the Waverider. The significant heights (H1/3) of Laser and Waverider are in good agreement for all three datasets, but the Waverider’s zero-crossing wave period (TZ) estimates are significantly longer than the Laser.
A Framework for Comparisons of Downburst Precursor Observations Using an All-Digital Phased-Array Weather Radar
Authors: Pearson Connor , Yu Tian-You , Bodine David , Torres Sebastian , Reinhart Anthony
Published: May 2023

Downbursts are rapidly evolving meteorological phenomena with numerous vertically oriented precursor signatures, and the temporal resolution and vertical sampling of the current NEXRAD system are too coarse to observe their evolution and precursor signatures properly. A future all-digital polarimetric phased-array weather radar (PAR) should be able to improve both temporal resolution and spatial sampling of the atmosphere to provide better observations of rapidly evolving hazards such as downbursts. Previous work has been focused on understanding the trade-offs associated with using various scanning techniques on stationary PARs; however, a rotating, polarimetric PAR (RPAR) is a more feasible and cost-effective candidate. Thus, understanding the trade-offs associated with using various scanning techniques on an RPAR is vital in learning how to best observe downbursts with such a system. This work develops a framework for analyzing the trade-offs associated with different scanning strategies in the observation of downbursts and their precursor signatures. A proof-of-concept analysis—which uses a Cloud Model 1 (CM1)-simulated downburst-producing thunderstorm—is also performed with both conventional and imaging scanning strategies in an adaptive scanning framework to show the potential value and feasibility of the framework. Preliminary results from the proof-of-concept analysis indicate that there is indeed a limit to the benefits of imaging as an update time speedup method. As imaging is used to achieve larger speedup factors, corresponding data degradation begins to hinder the observations of various precursor signatures.
Whose right to roam? Contesting access to England’s countryside
Authors: Breen Tom , Flint Abbi , Hickman Clare , O’Hara Glen
Published: May 2023

England's “right to roam” continues to be a misnomer which is uneven in scope and inclusivity. While the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000 opened access to privately owned mountains, moors, heaths, and downs, the changes were not as bold as they at first seemed and access was still restricted. The 2000 Act was representative of the contemporary atmosphere in which concern for accessibility and inclusivity was strongly qualified, with a focus on non-disabled walkers at the expense of others. Though physical disabilities were now better catered for, much less was said about intellectual disabilities, race, ethnicity, place, income, and transport. Such issues have gathered increased awareness in recent years, but more remains to be done if access to the countryside is to be more equal. This article examines how “right to roam” and access legislation developed, and how engagement with disabled people was limited from the outset.
Populist Democrats? Unpacking the Relationship Between Populist and Democratic Attitudes at the Citizen Level
Authors: Zaslove Andrej , Meijers Maurits
Published: May 2023

It is widely feared that the onset of populism poses a threat to democracy, as citizens’ support for democracy is essential for its legitimacy and stability. Yet, the relationship between populism and democratic support at the citizen level remains poorly understood, particularly with respect to support for liberal democracy. Data measuring citizens’ populist attitudes in conjunction with a comprehensive range of measures of democratic support have been lacking. Using unique data from the Netherlands, we study the relationship between individuals’ populist attitudes and their attitudes towards democracy in three studies. We examine the association between populism and support for democracy and satisfaction with democracy (Study 1), populism and support for liberal democracy (Study 2), and populism and support for majoritarian conceptions of democracy (Study 3). We find that while citizens with stronger populist attitudes are dissatisfied with how democracy works, they are no less supportive of the principle of democracy. Contrary to most theorizing, we find that citizens with higher populist attitudes not less supportive of key institutions of liberal democracy, but reject mediated representation through political parties. At the same time, individuals with stronger populist attitudes are highly supportive of forms of unconstrained majoritarian rule. These findings suggest that the relationship between populism and support for (liberal) democracy is more complicated than commonly assumed.
Integrating Behavioral Health and Primary Care in an Inner-City High School: Expanded Care in a School-Based Clinic in Mississippi, 2018-2020
Authors: Duck Angela A. , Carr Kayla , Lim Crystal S. , Robinson Jennifer C.
Published: May 2023

Adolescence, a critical and rapid stage of human development, requires innovative approaches in the provision of health care. With considerable mental health issues occurring among adolescents, an urgent need exists to address their mental and behavioral health. School-based health centers can provide an important safety net, particularly for young people who lack access to comprehensive and behavioral health care. We describe the design and implementation of behavioral health assessment, screening, and treatment services in a primary care school-based health center. We reviewed primary care and behavioral health measures as well as the challenges and lessons learned of this process. Five hundred and thirteen adolescents and young adults aged 14-19 years from an inner-city high school in South Mississippi were screened for behavioral health issues from January 2018 through March 2020, and all 133 adolescents deemed at risk for behavioral health issues received comprehensive health care. Lessons learned included the importance of recruiting behavioral health providers to ensure sufficient staff, establishing academic–practice arrangements to ensure funding, increasing student enrollment by improving the return rate of consent for care, and enhancing data collection through process automation. This case study may help inform the design and implementation of integrated primary and behavioral health care in school-based health centers.
Lessening the Impact of Opioid Misuse at a Federally Qualified Health Center in New York: Outcomes of an Integrated Workforce Training Program
Authors: Leibowitz George S. , Turner Win , Bruckenthal Patricia , Mezzatesta Maria , Ramsey Kelly S. , Dyer Mary Ellen
Published: May 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has placed an unprecedented burden on patients, health care providers, and communities and has been particularly challenging for medically underserved populations impacted by the social determinants of health, as well as people with co-occurring mental health and substance use risks. This case study examines outcomes and lessons learned from a multisite low-threshold medication-assisted treatment (MAT) program at a federally qualified health center in partnership with a large suburban public university in New York to integrate and train Health Resources & Services Administration Behavioral Health Workforce Education and Training–funded graduate student trainees in social work and nursing in screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment and patient care coordination, including social determinants of health and medical and behavioral comorbidities. The MAT program for the treatment of opioid use disorder has a low threshold for entry that is accessible and affordable, reduces barriers to care, and uses a harm reduction approach. Outcome data showed an average 70% retention rate in the MAT program and reductions in substance use. And, while more than 73% of patients reported being somewhat or definitely impacted by the pandemic, most patients endorsed the effectiveness of telemedicine and telebehavioral health, such that 86% indicated the pandemic did not affect the quality of their health care. The main implementation lessons learned were the importance of increasing the capacity of primary care and health care centers to deliver integrated care, using cross-disciplinary practicum experiences to enhance trainee competencies, and addressing the social determinants of health among populations with social vulnerabilities and chronic medical conditions.
Toward equality: Including non-human animals in studies of lived religion and nonreligion
Authors: BEAMAN Lori G , STRUMOS Lauren
Published: May 2023

This article explores how sociologists of religion can respond to ‘the animal turn’ in studies of lived religion and nonreligion. We begin by considering how sociology has neglected the place of non-human animals and the ‘more than human’ in social life. We then turn to the sociology of religion, where animals have often been devalued or ignored as irrelevant to understanding religion in society. We argue that it is necessary to consider the ways in which human activities are shaped by non-human animals. This does not mean that animals should be thought of as nonreligious or religious. We contend that the failure to incorporate non-human animals in sociological considerations of religion and nonreligion replicates a hierarchical model, which sees human life as above or higher than non-human life and calls our attention to the place of sociological research amid the climate crisis.
RETERRITORIALIZING THAILAND'S TRANSNATIONAL SPACE?
Authors: Techagaisiyavanit Wanaporn , Chokprajakchat Srisombat , Mulaphong Dhanakorn
Published: May 2023

Studies surrounding transnational repression have taken an interest in the relationships between targeted citizens and their countries of origin, such as strategies used against individuals, and the legitimacy of exercising such extraterritorial powers. However, the role of the host state in facilitating this transnational repressive control is yet another area that requires greater academic attention. This article argues that a host state's policy silence and legal loopholes regarding the protection of political exiles against transnational repression practices can allow the country of origin to aggressively exercise control over the diaspora population beyond borders, causing spatial encroachment symbolically and materially in the host state. We use Thailand as a case study by examining certain areas of policy spaces that have potential impacts on the growth of transnational repression practices. The study concludes that the host state's reactions to such practices have strong implications for the expansion of repressive transnational powers.
Assessment of Client Satisfaction on Post Cesarean Section and Associated Factors Among Delivered Mothers, 2021
Authors: Abubakar Kadra Kafi , Wariyo Abdi , Dirirsa Gebisa
Published: May 2023

Mothers’ delivery care satisfaction is one of the indicators used to monitor the quality of health care provision. However, there is paucity of evidence on level of maternal satisfaction and its determinants, in Ethiopia, particularly in Somali regional state. Determining the maternal delivery care satisfaction level and identifying its determinants is important to understand the gap and strengthen the existing strategies. Therefore, the study aimed to determine the level of maternal satisfaction and the associated factors among post-cesarean section delivery care at selected public hospitals in the Somali regional state of Ethiopia. An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 285 mothers who gave birth in selected public hospitals in the Somali region from June 15 to August 29, 2021. The study subjects were chosen from the hospital using simple random sampling, and data was collected by interviewing newly delivered mothers. The data was entered into EPI DATA version 3, exported and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 26 statistical package. A multivariable logistic regression was applied to identify the factors related to maternal satisfaction at a 95% confidence interval. Variables with a P-value of less than .05 in the multivariable regression were considered to be significantly related to maternal satisfaction. The overall maternal satisfaction level with cesarean section delivery care service was 61.5% (95% CI: 56.1-66.3). Current planned pregnancy [AOR = 2.793; 95% CI: (1.42, 5.51)], antenatal care follows up [AOR = 2.008; 95% CI: (1.097, 3.67)], time spent obtaining health professionals [AOR = 4.045; 95% CI: (2.12, 7.71)], and gender of healthcare provider [AOR = 7.993; 95% CI: (4.11, 15.53)] were all associated with maternal satisfaction with cesarean. The overall maternal satisfaction level with cesarean section delivery care service was found to be low as per the national standards. Maternal satisfaction with cesarean section delivery care services was significantly associated with current pregnancy planned, antenatal care follow-up, time spent waiting for health professionals, and gender of healthcare provider. Thus, hospital administrators should focus on the cesarean section delivery service quality improvement area, and the care should be client-centered.
Social Ontology and the Identification of Generic Performativity in Social Science: A Case of Performative Financialization
Authors: Okamoto Noriaki
Published: May 2023

Although social ontology (SO) has attracted the attention of scholars in various disciplines, how it is applied to social scientific studies is still under-researched. To tackle this issue, this paper initially considers major streams of research on SO. It then argues that one of the aims of SO in the social sciences is to identify the rhetorical expression of social dynamism. To support this argument, the present study introduces a perspective of performativity and proposes that generic performativity should be identified by social scientists. Finally, such an attempt is demonstrated with reference to the global pursuit of financialization.
Nature and/or Nurture: Causal Attributions of Mental Illness and Stigma
Authors: Elliott Marta , Ragsdale James M.
Published: May 2023

Most medical researchers and social scientists concur that mental illness is caused by “nature” and “nurture,” yet efforts to reduce stigma tend to focus on biomedical causes. This study analyzed original survey data collected from 1,849 respondents in 2021–2022 who were randomly assigned to 16 experimental vignette conditions. Each vignette portrayed a man and varied according to which psychiatric diagnosis his situation resembled (alcohol dependence, depression, or schizophrenia) and what caused it: genetics (nature), environmental stress (nurture), or both. Control conditions included subclinical distress and no explanation. Exposure to the environmental explanation (vs. no explanation) predicted identifying mental illness, reduced expectation of violence toward others, increased willingness to socially interact, and optimism for recovery with treatment. Exposure to the nature and nurture explanation (vs. no explanation) predicted reduced desire for social distance. Implications of these findings for future research and for contact-based anti-stigma efforts are presented.
Optimisation of Conditions for the Formation of Spheroids of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines for Use as Animal Alternatives
Authors: Tenschert Esther , Kern Johann , Affolter Annette , Rotter Nicole , Lammert Anne
Published: May 2023

The use of in vitro 3-D cell culture models in cancer research has yielded substantial gains in knowledge on various aspects of tumour biology. Such cell culture models could be useful in the study of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), where mimicking intratumoral and intertumoral heterogeneity is especially challenging. Our research aims to establish 3-D spheroid models for HNSCC that reproduce in vitro the connections between tumour cells and the surrounding microenvironment. The aims of this study were to determine the optimal conditions for the culture and use of spheroids from HNSCC cell lines and optimal timepoint for using the spheroids obtained, to evaluate the effects of coculture with tumour-specific fibroblasts on spheroid formation, and to investigate spheroid responses to cisplatin treatment. Four HNSCC cell lines (UMSCC-11A, UMSCC-11B, UMSCC-22B and UD-SCC-01) were seeded in flat or round bottom well ultra-low attachment spheroid plates, and spheroid formation was evaluated. The HNSCC cell lines were then cocultured with stromal cells of the tumour microenvironment, producing an accelerated formation of dense spheroids. The viability of cells within the spheroids was assessed during cell culture by using a fluorescent dye. Our results suggest that: three out of the four cell lines tested could form usable spheroids with acceptable viability; the addition of stromal cells did not improve the number of viable cells; and the use of round bottom well plates supported the formation of a single spheroid, whereas flat bottom well plates led to the formation of multiple spheroids of different sizes.
Action on Poverty and Hardship in the English Potteries
Authors: Goldstraw Katy , Page Sarah
Published: May 2023

Reflecting on anti-poverty work within Stoke-on-Trent from a variety of academic perspectives, this special edition offers a place-based examination of action on poverty and hardship that seeks to link local, creative, place-based solutions to national and international anti-poverty agendas. Each article links to how the author(s) contribute to action on poverty and hardship in the potteries and reflects on national, place based anti-poverty perspectives. The special edition holds key themes around the need for place-based longitudinal investment, the imperative to work with communities, foregrounding the knowledge held by lived experience. In conclusion, Stoke-on-Trent is a community in which many of the authors live, all of whom work and one in which Gratton (2020) articulates that the University has made an institutional commitment to work in partnership with to address poverty. The articles also demonstrate that academics working in collaboration with the anti-poverty sector including people with lived and learned experience and alongside students can achieve positive change in a city, with recognition that more can be done locally to transform lives, neighbourhoods, transport routes and wider societal economic and well-being reform.
Could Education Be the Best Galactagogue? Development and Content Validation of Provider and Patient Checklists to Promote Lactation Among Black Parents
Authors: Gorbunova Triniti , Segadelli Jennifer , Anderson Nancy , Ciupitu-Plath Cristina
Published: May 2023

One of the factors contributing to the disparities still present by race in the United States may be inequitable access to lactation education. In order to ensure that all parents receive the education they deserve to make informed infant feeding decisions, two checklists were created for patient and healthcare professional use, respectively. This paper describes the process of creating and validating the healthcare professional and patient checklists. The authors completed a review of the most recent literature surrounding barriers to lactation initiation and retention in the Black community to create the initial version of the checklists. Expert consultation was then utilized to assess their content validity. Local healthcare providers unanimously agreed that pregnant and postpartum parents need more education and support than currently provided. The consulted experts described the two checklists as useful and comprehensive and offered feedback for their revision and optimization. Implementing these checklists offer the possibility of increasing provider accountability in delivering adequate lactation education and enhancing client lactation knowledge and self-efficacy. Further research is needed to assess the effect of implementation of the checklists in a healthcare setting.
Meritocracy and Advantaged Parents’ Perceptions of the Fairness of School Choice Policies
Authors: Roda Allison , Sattin-Bajaj Carolyn
Published: May 2023

The widespread expansion of school choice policies has bolstered the consumer-education paradigm where parents compete for what they perceive to be a limited number of high quality schools. In this comparative case study, we examine advantaged White parents’ perceptions of meritocracy in the context of a competitive elementary and high school choice system in New York City. We find that parents’ critique the choice policies and the unfair burdens they place on low-income and immigrant families while engaging in opportunity hoarding to ensure their children’s privileged access to the most competitive schools, all while dismissing claims that school choice is meritocratic. Ultimately, advantaged parents’ suggest returning to neighborhood zoning which would preserve their access to exclusive, high performing schools and avoid the stress and inequities of school choice policies. This study offers further examples of the powerful influence of contradictory White discourse in the context of education policy and reform.