bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Functional, transcriptomic, and lipidomic studies of the
choC
gene encoding a phospholipid methyltransferase in
Aspergillus fumigatus
Authors: Pan Jiao , Yang Xinyu , Hu Cuiting , Fu Tongtong , Zhang Xiuyan , Liu Zijun , Wang Yu , Zhang Fengyu , He Xiaoyuan , Yu Jae-Hyuk
Published: November 2023

Phosphatidylcholines (PCs) are a class of cell membrane phospholipids playing important roles in cellular integrity and signaling. In eukaryotes, PCs are biosynthesized via the Kennedy cytidine nucleotide and the Bremer-Greenberg pathways. The
Aspergillus choC
gene is predicted to encode a phospholipid methyltransferase, the key enzyme in the latter pathway. In this study, we have characterized
choC
in the opportunistic human pathogenic fungus
Aspergillus fumigatus
and show that ChoC plays a vital role in the endogenous biosynthesis of PC, which is necessary for proper vegetative growth, development, cell viability, and cell wall integrity of the fungus. Transcriptomic analyses have revealed that the deletion (Δ) of
choC
leads to the differential expression of diverse genes related to PC biosynthetic pathways, G protein signaling pathways, cell cycle, and autophagy. Importantly, the Δ
choC
mutant averted cell death and regained cellular proliferation by regulating the expression of different PC synthesis genes after 4 days of incubation. Lipidomic analyses have demonstrated that Δ
choC
directly leads to decreased PC synthesis, thereby affecting the length and unsaturation of PC fatty acid chains. In addition, Δ
choC
leads to disturbed metabolism of other lipids, such as reduced phosphatidylethanolamine and neutral lipid triacylglycerol, but increased diacylglycerol amounts. Murine infection studies showed that invasive pathogenicity of the Δ
choC
spores was significantly weakened coupled with a drastic reduction of their ability to colonize in kidneys. In summary, ChoC plays central roles in PC biosynthesis, lipid metabolism, cell membrane/wall integrity, endoplasmic reticulum function, and pathogenicity in
A. fumigatus
, implying that ChoC can be a novel target for antifungal therapy.

IMPORTANCE

This study explored the phospholipid metabolic pathway in
A. fumigatus
and its relationship with fungal growth, metabolism, and pathogenicity. ChoC, based on its critical roles in many aspects of the fungus and relatively conserved characteristics in filamentous fungi with low similarity with mammalian ones, can be a novel target of new antifungal drugs.
Supplemental Material: Hydrologic windows into the crystalline basement and their controls on groundwater flow patterns across the Paradox Basin, western USA
Authors: Person Mark A. , et al.
Published: November 2023

Supplemental materials discuss the transport equations used in the manuscript.
Application of Proxy Minerals for Evaluation of the Oxygen Isotope Composition of Felsic Melts
Authors: Dubinina E. O. , Aranovich L. Ya.
Published: November 2023

The problems associated with the use of quartz and zircon as proxy minerals for the reconstruction of δ18O values in acidic melts are considered. It is shown that the correction values Δ(Qz–R) and Δ(R–Zrn) used for the reconstructions are not strictly constant and depend on the mineral composition of the rock and the closure temperature of the oxygen isotopic system of the proxy mineral (Tq, Tz–closure temperature of quartz and zircon, respectively). The applicability of quartz was estimated using an equation for Δ(Qz–R) calculation, which takes into account Tq and the mineral composition of rocks. Using the leucogranites of the Raumid massif (South Pamirs) as an example, it was shown that this correction can be approximated by constant value only under definite conditions. The value of Δ(R–Zrn) was estimated using approach based on calculating the weighted average fractionation coefficient and independent estimates Tz using a zirconium thermometer. It was shown for leucogranite porphyries of the Omsukchan trough that this correction for identical rocks varies from 1.3 to 1.9 ‰, unlike Δ(R–Zrn) = 2.1 determined by the dependence on the SiO2 content (Lackey et al., 2008). The advantages and limitations on the application of quartz and zircon as proxy minerals have been analyzed.
Glue ablation of Rasmussen’s aneurysm in a case of epituberculosis
Authors: Sahasrabudhe Tushar Ramesh , Mohan Sona , Pawal Sambhaji Kantrao , Meshram Shailesh Bhanudas
Published: November 2023

A woman in her 40s presented with massive haemoptysis and breathlessness for 1 day. She had been diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis based on sputum CBNAAT (Cartridge Based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test) and was on antitubercular treatment for previous 2 weeks. Her chest X-ray showed right middle lobe lateral segment dense consolidation with bilateral nodular infiltrates. CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) revealed a well-defined homogenously enhancing vascular lesion of size 10×11×13 mm in the right hilar region communicating with the descending branch of right pulmonary artery, suggesting a Rasmussen’s aneurysm. It was in close proximity to the segmental bronchus that was almost completely occluded, suggesting epituberculosis. Transvenous pulmonary artery glue embolisation successfully achieved complete ablation of the aneurysm with preserved arterial flow. She has later completed 6 months of antitubercular treatment and is cured with no recurrence of haemoptysis. Her lung infiltrates have resolved with some lung scarring.
Concomitant surgery of minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass with left atrium appendage closure
Authors: Goto Yoshihiro , Takagi Sho , Yanagisawa Junji , Okawa Yasuhide
Published: November 2023

Surgical approaches of minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass and left atrial appendage exclusion are different, and issues may arise in cases of concomitant surgery. Moreover, the safety of concomitant procedures has not been established. A man in his 80s with a history of stroke required minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting and left atrial appendage closure for the stenosis of the left anterior descending artery and atrial fibrillation. He suffered from bladder bleeding, which required early reduction of anticoagulant and antiplatelet medication. Therefore, he wished for surgical treatment. A lateral incision was necessary for left atrial appendage closure in minimally invasive surgery. We performed totally endoscopic harvest of the internal thoracic artery without a robotic system. This method allowed the incision to be made more laterally. Combining the endoscopic harvest of the internal mammary artery with left atrial appendage closure via lateral incision may be a reasonable technique.
Age-matched analysis of axial length growth in myopic children wearing defocus incorporated multiple segments spectacle lenses
Authors: Graff Birte , Lam Carly S Y , Vlasak Natalia , Kaymak Hakan
Published: November 2023

Background/aims

Defocus incorporated multiple segments (DIMS) spectacle lenses are known to be able to inhibit axial length (AL) growth in myopic children compared with single vision (SV) spectacle lenses. However, it is not known whether AL growth is sufficiently inhibited to achieve the treatment goal of physiological AL growth.

Methods

Of the data already collected in 2014–2017 by Lamet al, the AL growth with DIMS and SV spectacle lenses was re-evaluated according to the age-matched myopia control system. The individual AL growth after the first year of treatment of each eye was plotted against the corresponding age of the same time point in a colour-coded scheme. The two treatment groups were further subdivided based on their age and their baseline AL.

Results

Overall, 65% (61% of male, 70% of female) of eyes with DIMS spectacle lenses and 16% (16% of male, 16% of female) of eyes with SV spectacle lenses are within range of physiological AL growth rate. Median AL growth rate of eyes with DIMS spectacle lenses is also within the range of physiological growth. In the subgroups, eyes with DIMS spectacle lenses were also superior to the ones with SV spectacle lenses regarding this treatment goal. Of the children with SV spectacle lenses, older children and children with eyes with high baseline AL were least likely to achieve physiological AL growth rate.

Conclusions

DIMS spectacle lenses can bring the AL growth rate of myopic children to the level of physiological AL growth rate, indicating 100% reduction of excessive myopic AL growth, independent of age and baseline AL. Older children and children with eyes with high AL have the risk to have increased AL growth without treatment.
Head-to-head comparative study: evaluating three panels for MSI-PCR testing in patients with colorectal and gastric cancer
Authors: Fu Xinhui , Huang Jinglin , Fan Xinjuan , Wang Chao , Deng Weihao , Tan Xiaoli , Chen Zhiting , Cai Yacheng , Hanjie Lin , Xu Liang , Zou Jiaxin , Zhan Huanmiao , Huang Shuhui , Fang Yongzhen , Huang Yan
Published: November 2023

Aims

Due to the lack of large clinical cohorts in the Chinese populations with colorectal cancer (CRC) and gastric cancer (GC), there is no consensus among the preferred panel for microsatellite instability (MSI)-PCR testing. This study aims to evaluate a more appropriate panel.

Methods

We tested the MSI status of 2572 patients with CRC and GC using the NCI panel and 2 mononucleotide panels (5 and 6 mononucleotide panels). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was employed to perform mismatch repair protein testing in 1976 samples.

Results

We collected 2572 patients with CRC and GC. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) panel failed to detect 13 cases. Of the 2559 cases that received results from all three panels, 2544 showed consistent results. In the remaining 15 cases, 9 showed discrepancies between MSI-H and MSI-L, and 6 showed discrepancies between MSI-L and microsatellite stability (MSS). The misdiagnosis rate of MSI-L was significantly lower in two mononucleotide panels than in the NCI panel (12.5% vs 87.5%, p=0.010) in CRC. In patients with GC, only the NCI panel detected three MSI-L cases, while the results of the two mononucleotide panels were one MSI-H and two MSS. Based on their IHC results, the MSI-L misdiagnosis rate of the NCI panel was 33.3%. Furthermore, compared with two mononucleotide panels, the NCI panel had a much lower rate of all loci instability in CRC (90.8% and 90.3% vs 25.2%) and GC (89.5% and 89.5% vs 12.0%).

Conclusion

In Chinese patients with CRC and GC, the five and six mononucleotide panels have advantages for detecting MSI over the NCI panel.
BiallelicPKP2loss of function variants are associated with a lethal perinatal-onset biventricular dilated cardiomyopathy with excessive trabeculations and ventricular septal defects
Authors: Gibb Jack , Wall Elizabeth , Fields Ella , Seale Anna , Armstrong Catherine , Bamber Andrew , Daubeney Piers , Jacobs-Pearson Makaela , Marton Tamas , Stals Karen , Low Karen , Kaski Juan Pablo , Spentzou Georgia
Published: November 2023

Homozygous plakophilin-2 (PKP2) variants have been identified as a cause of a lethal form of dilated cardiomyopathy with excessive trabeculations (DCM-ET) in three cases. We report three more cases from two families with homozygous pathogenicPKP2variants and perinatal-onset, lethal DCM-ET. Identification of the genetic abnormalities played a key role in decision-making and family counselling in these cases. This case series supports the published evidence that biallelic loss of functionPKP2variants cause a lethal, perinatal-onset cardiomyopathy.
The electronic structure of 2(5H)-thiophenone investigated by vacuum ultraviolet synchrotron radiation and theoretical calculations
Authors: Kumar S. , Duflot D. , Jones N. C. , Hoffmann S. V. , García G. , Limão-Vieira P.
Published: November 2023

The electronic state spectroscopy of 2(5H)-thiophenone, C4H4OS, has been investigated by high-resolution vacuum ultraviolet photoabsorption in the 3.76–10.69 eV energy range using synchrotron radiation, together with novel quantum chemical calculations performed at the equation of motion coupled cluster singles and doubles (EOM-CCSD) level of theory. The major electronic transitions have been assigned to valence and Rydberg character, with relevant C=O, C=C and C–C stretching vibrations across the entire absorption spectrum. Photolysis lifetimes in the Earth’s atmosphere (0–50 km altitude) have been estimated from the absolute photoabsorption cross-sections, indicating that solar photolysis can be expected to be a strong sink mechanism.

Graphical abstract
Tree-Based Generation of Restricted Graph Languages
Authors: Björklund Henrik , Björklund Johanna , Ericson Petter
Published: November 2023

Order-preserving DAG grammars (OPDGs) is a formalism for representing languages of structurally restricted graphs. As demonstrated in [17], they are sufficiently expressive to model abstract meaning representations in natural language processing, a graph-based form of semantic representation in which nodes encode objects and edges relations. At the same time, they can be parsed in [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are the sizes of the grammar and the input graph, respectively. In this work, we provide an initial algebra semantic for OPDGs, which allows us to view them as regular tree grammars under an equivalence theory. This makes it possible to transfer results from the field of formal tree languages to the domain of OPDGs, both in the unweighted and the weighted case. In particular, we show that deterministic OPDGs can be minimised efficiently, and that they are learnable under the “minimal adequeate teacher” paradigm, that is, by querying an oracle for equivalence between languages, and membership of individual graphs. To conclude, we demonstrate that the languages generated by OPDGs are definable in monadic second-order logic.
Fractal-based approach on analyzing the trends of climate dynamics
Authors: Meenakshi M. , Gowrisankar A.
Published: November 2023

The terminology “climate change” refers to changes that occur over longer periods of time in the climate and weather patterns of the world. This paper investigates the climate changing patterns by providing a relationship between carbon dioxide emissions and natural parameters such as temperature and precipitation anomaly. The irregularity of the temperature anomaly and precipitation anomaly is analyzed using the fractal dimension via the Hurst exponent. The range of fractal dimensions for the parameters is estimated between 1.01 and 1.60. From the obtained values of fractal dimension, the parameters are classified and their short-term forecast is presented from 2023 to 2032 using the autoregressive integrated moving average model.
Coupling the Navier–Stokes–Fourier equations with the Johnson–Segalman stress-diffusive viscoelastic model: Global-in-time and large-data analysis
Authors: Bathory Michal , Bulíček Miroslav , Málek Josef
Published: November 2023

We prove that there exists a large-data and global-in-time weak solution to a system of partial differential equations describing the unsteady flow of an incompressible heat-conducting rate-type viscoelastic stress-diffusive fluid filling up a mechanically and thermally isolated container of any dimension. To overcome the principal difficulties connected with ill-posedness of the diffusive Oldroyd-B model in three dimensions, we assume that the fluid admits a strengthened dissipation mechanism, at least for excessive elastic deformations. All the relevant material coefficients are allowed to depend continuously on the temperature, whose evolution is captured by a thermodynamically consistent equation. In fact, the studied model is derived from scratch using only the balance equations for linear momentum and energy, the formulation of the second law of thermodynamics and the constitutive equation for the internal energy. The latter is assumed to be a linear function of temperature, which simplifies the model. The concept of our weak solution incorporates both the temperature and entropy inequalities, and also the local balance of total energy provided that the pressure function exists.
Korn–Maxwell–Sobolev inequalities for general incompatibilities
Authors: Gmeineder Franz , Lewintan Peter , Neff Patrizio
Published: November 2023

We establish a family of coercive Korn-type inequalities for generalized incompatible fields in the superlinear growth regime under sharp criteria. This extends and unifies several previously known inequalities that are pivotal to the existence theory for a multitude of models in continuum mechanics in an optimal way. Different from our preceding work [F. Gmeineder, P. Lewintan and P. Neff, Optimal incompatible Korn–Maxwell–Sobolev inequalities in all dimensions, Calc. Var. PDE 62 (2023) 182], where we focused on the case [Formula: see text] and incompatibilities governed by the matrix curl, the case [Formula: see text] considered in this paper gives us access to substantially stronger results from harmonic analysis but conversely deals with more general incompatibilities. Especially, we obtain sharp generalizations of recently proved inequalities by P. Lewintan, S. Müller and P. Neff [Korn inequalities for incompatible tensor fields in three space dimensions with conformally invariant dislocation energy, Calc. Var. PDE 60 (2021) 150] in the realm of incompatible Korn-type inequalities with conformally invariant dislocation energy. However, being applicable to higher-order scenarios as well, our approach equally gives the first and sharp inequalities involving Kröner’s incompability tensor inc.
Random hypergraphs, random simplicial complexes and their Künneth-type formulae
Authors: Ren Shiquan , Wu Chengyuan , Wu Jie
Published: November 2023

Random hypergraphs and random simplicial complexes on finite vertices were studied by [M. Farber, L. Mead and T. Nowik, Random simplicial complexes, duality and the critical dimension, J. Topol. Anal. 41(1) (2022) 1–32]. The map algebra on random sub-hypergraphs of a fixed simplicial complex, which detects relations between random sub-hypergraphs and random simplicial sub-complexes, was studied by the authors of this paper. In this paper, we study the map algebra on random sub-hypergraphs of a fixed hypergraph. We give some algorithms generating random hypergraphs and random simplicial complexes by considering the actions of the map algebra on the space of probability distributions. We prove some Künneth-type formulae for random hypergraphs and random simplicial complexes on finite vertices.
A new invariant of planar knotoids and finite-type invariants
Authors: Bataineh Khaled , Batayneh Fawwaz , Alkasasbeh Ahmad H.
Published: November 2023

In this paper, we introduce a new polynomial invariant of planar (but not spherical) knotoids, which we call the winding signed sum polynomial. This Laurent polynomial invariant of planar knotoids denoted by [Formula: see text] is a type-one Vassiliev invariant. This invariant might tell whether a planar knotoid is a zero-height or nonzero-height planar knotoid. It also might distinguish between a planar knotoid and its inverse, while the affine index polynomial defined by Gügümcü and Kauffman in [New invariants of knotoids, Eur. J. Combin. 65 (2017) 186–229] (that is also a type-one Vassiliev invariant) cannot distinguish between a planar knotoid and its inverse. We also define some geometric invariants of planar knotoids, and give lower bounds for these invariants using the winding signed sum polynomial, which helps in computing these geometric invariants that are easy to define, but hard to calculate.
A new condition on the Jones polynomial of a fibered positive link
Authors: Buchanan Lizzie
Published: November 2023

We give a new upper bound on the maximum degree of the Jones polynomial of a fibered positive link. In particular, we prove that the maximum degree of the Jones polynomial of a fibered positive knot is at most four times the minimum degree. Using this result, we can complete the classification of all knots of crossing number [Formula: see text] as positive or not positive, by showing that the seven remaining knots for which positivity was unknown are not positive. That classification was also done independently at around the same time by Stoimenow.
Hybrid Multi-Objective-Derived Horse Herd and Dragonfly Algorithm-Based Energy-Efficient Secured Routing in WSN
Authors: Kalpana Dingari , Ajitha P.
Published: November 2023

Energy efficiency and security have become prominent aspects of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) for transmitting data. The major challenge is to increase the “Quality of Service” (QoS) since it is restricted by fewer constrained resources. Although the existing routing protocols acquire efficient transmission, they are still subsisting with the challenges of improving security and energy conservation. It will be helpful in practical implications like the military, weather forecasting and healthcare industry. As the nodes are operated by the energy preservation of the battery, developing an energy-efficient protocol is challenging. Since WSN possesses massive numbers of sensor nodes, it also has to avoid long-term communication, and the clustering mechanism is a prerequisite. Considering the diverse objectives like delay, energy and distance, there are still remarkable challenges to develop the routing protocol. Moreover, security enhancement becomes another challenging issue over the network for data transmission through the sensor nodes. To overcome these issues, a novel energy-efficient routing model is designed in this paper by using a hybrid algorithm and the multi-objective derivatives. Initially, the clustering approach is employed to reduce the complexity and improve the security in an energy-efficient manner. Therefore, the Cluster Head (CH) is selected significantly using the novel Hybrid Horse Herd-Dragonfly Optimisation (HHHDO). The hybrid algorithm is developed by integrating Horse Herd Optimisation (HHO) and Dragonfly Algorithm (DA). Here, the optimal CH selection is achieved by deriving the multi-objective function regarding “distance, delay, energy, load and trust of nodes”. Trust is measured with the Neural Network (NN)-based HHHDO (NN-HHHDO) model. Depending on the trust evaluation and energy efficiency, the proposed model obtains better communication between the nodes. In the end, the experimentation of the recommended model is made using various measures and it’s ensured that the suggested technique enhances trust among the nodes and energy conservation in comparison to the existing algorithms.
Investigations, Processing and Analysis of High Temperature Resistant Nickel-Based Alloy with Die-Sinking Electric Discharge Machining Process
Authors: Singh Riya , Vashishtha Govind , Chauhan Sumika
Published: November 2023

Inconel 625 possesses excellent mechanical, chemical, and physical properties thus commonly used in different sectors. Due to its wide use, it becomes important to investigate its mechanical characteristics under die-sinking EDM. In this research, an empirical model is constructed to investigate the optimal parametric setting of die-sinking EDM. The experimental runs are developed using a Taguchi design. It has been observed from the analysis that peak current followed by pulse on time is the most significant parameter for MRR followed by pulse on time. However, the SR gives significant results on the pulse on time. The confirmatory test is conducted to validate the efficacy of the proposed method.
Modeling and Analysis of ETC Control System with Colored Petri Net and Dynamic Slicing
Authors: Yu Wangyang , Kong Jinming , Ding Zhijun , Zhai Xiaojun , Li Zhiqiang , Guo Qi
Published: November 2023

Nowadays, Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) control systems have been widely adopted to smoothen traffic flow on highways. However, as it is a complex business interaction system, there are inevitably flaws in its control logic process, such as the problem of vehicle fee evasion. We find that there is more than one way for vehicles to evade fees. This shows that it is difficult to ensure the completeness of its design. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt a novel formal method to model and analyze its design, detect flaws, and modify it. In this article, a Colored Petri net (CPN) is introduced to establish its model. To analyze and modify the system model more efficiently, a dynamic slicing method of CPN is proposed. First, a static slice is obtained from the static slicing criterion by backtracking. Second, considering all binding elements that can be enabled under the initial marking, a forward slice is obtained from the dynamic slicing criterion by traversing. Third, the dynamic slicing of CPN is obtained by taking the intersection of both slices. The proposed dynamic slicing method of CPN can be used to formalize and verify the behavior properties of an ETC control system, and the flaws can be detected effectively. As a case study, the flaw about a vehicle that has not completed the payment following the previous vehicle to pass the railing is detected by the proposed method.
Divide-and-conquer-based RDO-free CU Partitioning for 8K Video Compression
Authors: Yuan Hang , Gao Wei , Ma Siwei , Yan Yiqiang
Published: November 2023

8K (7689×4320) ultra-high definition (UHD) videos are growing popular with the improvement of human visual experience demand. Therefore, the compression of 8K UHD videos has become a top priority in the third-generation audio video coding standard (AVS3). However, as an important part of the coding standard promotion, the real-time hardware implementation for AVS3-based 8K UHD video intra coding is severely hindered, especially in the coding unit (CU) partition stage. To break through the limitation, this article proposes a divide-and-conquer-based rate-distortion-optimization-free (RDO-free) CU partitioning algorithm for efficient hardware implementation. Aimed at the complex CU partition in AVS3, we separately design a lightweight optimization for original partitioning rules to improve division efficiency and a decision tree-based RDO-free CU decision framework to eliminate the latency caused by the waiting for rate-distortion cost calculation in RDO strategy. Afterward, a divide-and-conquer-based hardware-friendly gradient difference calculating approach is devised to accelerate the learning feature extracting speed. To ensure that the proposed algorithm is sufficient to support the real-time CU partition for 8K videos, we also develop a hardware architecture based on FPGA. Experimental results illustrate that the software coding performance of our algorithm is significantly ahead of the efficient implementation uAVS3e for AVS3 and the reference software HM-16.20 for High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), even though there is 9.96% loss on BD-Rate Y. Considering its importance for the hardware implementation of AVS3-based 8K real-time encoder, the coding loss is acceptable. Moreover, the hardware simulation results on VU440 FPGA with Vivado 2019 show that our algorithm can support 61.12 frames per second (fps) CU partition for 8K UHD videos with only 0.00%, 0.00%, 1.01%, and 7.78% consumption of BRAM_18K, DSP48E, FF, and LUT, respectively. Additionally, with dual-path parallelism, 122.24 fps also can be implemented with controllable resource utilization, which achieves the state-of-the-art performance.
Deep Modular Co-Attention Shifting Network for Multimodal Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Shi Piao , Hu Min , Shi Xuefeng , Ren Fuji
Published: November 2023

Human Multimodal Sentiment Analysis (MSA) is an attractive research that studies sentiment expressed from multiple heterogeneous modalities. While transformer-based methods have achieved great success, designing an effective “co-attention” model to associate text modality with nonverbal modalities remains challenging. There are two main problems: 1) the dominant role of the text in modalities is underutilization, and 2) the interaction between modalities is not sufficiently explored. This paper proposes a deep modular Co-Attention Shifting Network (CoASN) for MSA. A Cross-modal Modulation Module based on Co-attention (CMMC) and an Advanced Modality-mixing Adaptation Gate (AMAG) are constructed. The CMMC consists of the Text-guided Co-Attention (TCA) and Interior Transformer Encoder (ITE) units to capture inter-modal features and intra-modal features. With text modality as the core, the CMMC module aims to guide and promote the expression of emotion in nonverbal modalities, and the nonverbal modalities increase the richness of the text-based multimodal sentiment information. In addition, the AMAG module is introduced to explore the dynamical correlations among all modalities. Particularly, this efficient module first captures the nonverbal shifted representations and then combines them to calculate the shifted word embedding representations for the final MSA tasks. Extensive experiments on two commonly used datasets, CMU-MOSI and CMU-MOSEI, demonstrate that our proposed method is superior to the state-of-the-art performance.
The Elastic Net Regularized Extreme Learning Machine for State of Charge Estimation
Authors: Wang Cheng , Chen Jing , Liu Yanjun
Published: November 2023

The state of charge (SOC) is a crucial component of battery management, and the reliability of its assessment is crucial for predicting battery life. In this paper, an elastic net regularized extreme learning machine is developed for SOC estimation. Unlike traditional neural networks, the extreme learning machine does not require updating all the weights/parameters of the network to obtain accurate SOC estimates, thus, it has a simpler structure. In addition, the elastic net regularization combining the L1 regularization and L2 regularization, can better describe the relationship between current, voltage and SOC. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Sensitivity Analysis of Operational Parameters of a High Temperature-Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell
Authors: K. P. Venkatesh Babu , Varghese Geethu , Joseph Thadathil Varghese , Chippar Purushothama
Published: November 2023

The lack of widespread commercialization of High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (HT-PEMFC) is primarily due to their poor performance and durability. Various factors impact the performance of fuel cells, one such crucial factor being the operational parameters. Suitable operating conditions not only enhance the output cell performance but also extend a fuel cell’s life. Current research on the impact of operational factors on HT-PEMFC performance is largely qualitative in nature, with no quantitative indication of affecting the sensitivity of these parameters. In the present work, a three-dimensional, non-isothermal HT-PEMFC model developed earlier is used to investigate the influential sensitivities of five crucial operating parameters, each with four different levels, and is analyzed quantitatively using six evaluation indexes. The orthogonal/Taguchi method L16(45) is implemented to investigate the impact of operating parameters quantitatively. Further, the effect of each operating parameter on evaluation indexes under different operational current density regimes is investigated. The findings show that, of the parameters chosen, the working temperature and cathode pressure are the most sensitive to cell voltage and cathode overpotential distribution under all operating current density regimes. The findings would provide more precise recommendations for experimental research targeted at improving cell performance by optimizing operational parameters.
Muscle metaboreflex stimulates the cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex causing positive feedback amplification of sympathetic activity: effect of heart failure
Authors: Mannozzi Joseph , Senador Danielle , Kaur Jasdeep , Gross Matthew , McNitt Megan , Alvarez Alberto , Lessanework Beruk , O’Leary Donal S.
Published: November 2023

The powerful pressor responses from the CSAR arise via O2 delivery versus O2 demand imbalance. Muscle metaboreflex activation (MMA) simultaneously elicits coronary vasoconstriction (which is augmented in heart failure) and profound increases in cardiac work thereby upsetting oxygen balance. Whether MMA activates the CSAR thereby amplifying MMA responses is unknown. We observed that removal of the CSAR afferents attenuated the strength of the muscle metaboreflex in normal and subjects with heart failure.
Parental cardiorespiratory fitness influences early life energetics and metabolic health
Authors: Sadler Daniel G. , Treas Lillie , Ross Taylor , Sikes James D. , Britton Steven L. , Koch Lauren G. , Piccolo Brian D. , Børsheim Elisabet , Porter Craig
Published: November 2023

Inherited cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) influences early life bioenergetics and metabolic health. Higher intrinsic CRF was associated with reduced adiposity and improved glucose tolerance in early life. This metabolic phenotype was accompanied by greater mitochondrial respiratory capacity in skeletal muscle, heart, and liver tissue. Proteomic profiling of these three tissues further revealed potential mechanisms linking inherited CRF to early life metabolism.
Complementary yet divergent effects of exercise and an exercise mimetic on microbiome in high-fat diet-induced obesity
Authors: Yu Josephine , Youngson Neil A. , Laybutt D. Ross , Morris Margaret J. , Leigh Sarah-Jane
Published: November 2023

Exercise and NAD+ precursor supplementation exerted additive and independent effects on gut microbiota composition and inferred function in female mice with diet-induced obesity. Notably, combining exercise and oral nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation restored inferred microbial functions to control levels, indicating that this combination may improve high-fat diet-induced alterations to microbial metabolism.
Dynamics and Control of a Discrete Predator–Prey Model with Prey Refuge: Holling Type I Functional Response
Authors: Rana Sarker Md. Sohel , Uddin Md. Jasim
Published: November 2023

In this study, we examine the dynamics of a discrete‐time predator–prey system with prey refuge. We discuss the stability prerequisite for effective fixed points. The existence criteria for period‐doubling (PD) bifurcation and Neimark–Sacker (N–S) bifurcation are derived from the center manifold theorem and bifurcation theory. Examples of numerical simulations that demonstrate the validity of theoretical analysis, as well as complex dynamical behaviors and biological processes, include bifurcation diagrams, maximal Lyapunov exponents, fractal dimensions (FDs), and phase portraits, respectively. From a biological perspective, this suggests that the system can be stabilized into a locally stable coexistence by the tiny integral step size. However, the system might become unstable because of the large integral step size, resulting in richer and more complex dynamics. It has been discovered that the parameter values have a substantial impact on the dynamic behavior of the discrete prey–predator model. Finally, to control the chaotic trajectories that arise in the system, we employ a feedback control technique.
An Atypical Presentation of Childhood Paraganglioma with Seizures: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Oyenusi Elizabeth Eberechi , Nwigbo Uzoamaka Felicia , Oladipo Oluwadamilola Moromoke , Kene-Udemezue Blessing Ebele , Akowundu Kasarachi Pauline , Oleolo-Ayodeji Khadijah Omobusola , Afoke Oluwaseun Adunni , Babatunde Funmilayo Oluwatoyin , Alakaloko Felix Makinde , Asiyanbi Gabriel Kolawole , Ogunleye Ezekiel Olayiwola , Oduwole Abiola Olufunmilayo , Lesi Foluso Ebun Afolabi
Published: November 2023

Introduction. A paraganglioma (PGL) is a tumour derived from extra-adrenal chromaffin cells of the sympathetic paravertebral ganglia of the thorax, abdomen, and pelvis. Cardiovascular manifestations predominate but neurological symptoms like seizures can occur requiring a high index of suspicion for prompt diagnosis and treatment. Case Description. A 14-year-old girl was referred to the paediatric neurology unit for recurrent headaches of one-year duration, vomiting of 2 months duration, and an episode of generalized tonic-clonic seizures, 2 weeks prior to presentation. There was an associated history of impaired vision, palpitations, diaphoresis, and easy fatigability. Her blood pressure ranged from 150/101 to 160/120 mmHg. The brain CT scan was normal. ECG showed left ventricular hypertrophy. Abdominal USS revealed a right para-aortic mass necessitating 24-hour urine normetanephrine which was markedly elevated–1695.34 mcg/24 h (100–500). An abdominal CT scan confirmed a paraganglioma in the right para-aortic region. A multidisciplinary team consisting of paediatric endocrinologists, radiologists, anaesthetists, paediatric and cardiothoracic surgeons, and the intensive care unit (ICU) team was involved in the peri and postoperative management of the child. Intraoperative challenges were hypertension and hypotension (following tumour excision). She was nursed in the ICU for 48 hours. Histology results confirmed paraganglioma. Postoperative urine normetanephrines done a month after surgery had reverted to normal. Her blood pressure has remained normal 6 months after surgery, and no other symptoms have recurred. Conclusion. In evaluating aetiology of childhood hypertension, endocrine causes must be considered though they are rare. The occurrence of paraganglioma is uncommon and can present in unusual ways such as seizures. Measurement of blood pressure in children is advocated as part of routine health care. Clinicians must explore the aetiology of seizures and not merely control them with anticonvulsant therapy.
Design of Adaptive Periodic Event‐Triggered Mechanism‐Based EID with MRC Based on PSO Algorithm for T‐S Fuzzy Systems
Authors: Soliman Mohamed , Gulzar Muhammad Majid , Shakoor Adnan
Published: November 2023

This article discusses issues with disturbance rejection and periodic signal tracking in a specific type of time‐varying delay nonlinear systems. The proposed approach, known as the modified repetitive controller (MRC) scheme, utilizes an equivalent‐input‐disturbance (EID) estimator to enhance the system’s performance. It effectively improves the system’s ability to reject both aperiodic and periodic unknown disturbances, while also achieving accurate tracking of periodic reference signals. A T‐S fuzzy model has been used to roughly represent the system nonlinearity. Additionally, a fuzzy state observer based on an adaptive periodic event‐triggered mechanism (APETM‐FSO) has been used to decrease data transfer, energy use, and communication resource utilization. The APETM is able to identify the occurrence of an event by surpassing a predetermined threshold with the error signal, thanks to the designed adaptive event triggering condition. Transmission of the current data only takes place when the event happens, while data can remain unchanged using a zero‐order hold if the event does not occur. In addition to, controller parameters are tuned using a particle swarm optimization (PSO) approach. Hence, T‐S fuzzy model‐based EID, MRC, FSO‐APETM, and PSO construct the overall system. In order to ensure the asymptotic stability of the entire system in the presence of unknown disturbances, the article establishes sufficient conditions using the Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional stability theory and linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). These conditions are derived to guarantee the desired stability properties of the system. To demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed scheme, simulation results with comparative study are presented. The proposed controller has achieved better tracking performance with less tracking error with maximum value of 0.05. In addition, the suggested APETM has minimum triggering times which is 34 as comparison with PETM which is 40 times, and hence, APETM is more effective than PETM in reducing data transmission frequency and using less communication resources overall.
Presence of CRISPR CAS‐Like Sequences as a Proposed Mechanism for Horizontal Genetic Exchanges between Trichomonas vaginalis and Its Associated Virus: A Comparative Genomic Analysis with the First Report of a Putative CRISPR CAS Structures in Eukaryotic Cells
Authors: Kenarkoohi Azra , Abdoli Amir , Rostamzad Arman , Rashnavadi Mahmoud , Naserifar Razi , Abdi Jahangir , Shams Morteza , Bozorgomid Arezoo , Saeb Sepideh , Al-Fahad Dhurgham , Khezri Kosar , Falahi Shahab
Published: November 2023

Introduction. Trichomonas vaginalis genome is among the largest genome size and coding capacities. Combinations of gene duplications, transposon, repeated sequences, and lateral gene transfers (LGTs) have contributed to the unexpected large genomic size and diversity. This study is aimed at investigating genomic exchange and seeking for presence of the CRISPR CAS system as one of the possible mechanisms for some level of genetic exchange. Material and Methods. In this comparative analysis, 398 publicly available Trichomonas vaginalis complete genomes were investigated for the presence of CRISPR CAS. Spacer sequences were also analyzed for their origin using BLAST. Results. We identified a CRISPR CAS (Cas3). CRISPR spacers are highly similar to transposable genetic elements such as viruses of protozoan parasites, especially megavirals, some transposons, and, interestingly, papillomavirus and HIV‐1 in a few cases. Discussion. There is a striking similarity between the prokaryotes/Archaean CRISPR and what we find as eukaryotic CRISPR. About 5‐10% of the 398 T. vaginalis possess a CRISPR structure. Conclusion. According to sequences and their organization, we assume that these repeated sequences and spacer, along with their mentioned features, could be the eukaryotic homolog of prokaryotes and Archaean CRISPR systems and may involve in a process similar to the CRISPR function.
Supplementary Table S2 from Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Efficacy of Trastuzumab Deruxtecan with Concomitant Ritonavir or Itraconazole in Patients with HER2-Expressing Advanced Solid Tumors
Authors: Takahashi Shunji , Karayama Masato , Takahashi Masato , Watanabe Junichiro , Minami Hironobu , Yamamoto Noboru , Kinoshita Ichiro , Lin Chia-Chi , Im Young-Hyuck , Achiwa Issei , Kamiyama Emi , Okuda Yasuyuki , Lee Caleb , Bang Yung-Jue
Published: November 2023

Table S2. Clinical response with T-DXd plus ritonavir (cohort 1) or T-DXd plus itraconazole (cohort 2) across HER2 expression subgroups.
Supplementary Table S1 from Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Efficacy of Trastuzumab Deruxtecan with Concomitant Ritonavir or Itraconazole in Patients with HER2-Expressing Advanced Solid Tumors
Authors: Takahashi Shunji , Karayama Masato , Takahashi Masato , Watanabe Junichiro , Minami Hironobu , Yamamoto Noboru , Kinoshita Ichiro , Lin Chia-Chi , Im Young-Hyuck , Achiwa Issei , Kamiyama Emi , Okuda Yasuyuki , Lee Caleb , Bang Yung-Jue
Published: November 2023

Table S1. Safety summary of T-DXd plus ritonavir (cohort 1) or T-DXd plus itraconazole (cohort 2) by cycle and on treatment.
Table S1 from Organoids Derived from Neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX Patients Recapitulate Therapy Resistance in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Farshadi Elham Aida , Chang Jiang , Sampadi Bharath , Doukas Michail , Van 't Land Freek , van der Sijde Fleur , Vietsch Eveline E. , Pothof Joris , Koerkamp Bas Groot , van Eijck Casper H.J.
Published: November 2023

List of genes included in the panel used for targeted next-generation sequencing
Figure S2 from Organoids Derived from Neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX Patients Recapitulate Therapy Resistance in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Farshadi Elham Aida , Chang Jiang , Sampadi Bharath , Doukas Michail , Van 't Land Freek , van der Sijde Fleur , Vietsch Eveline E. , Pothof Joris , Koerkamp Bas Groot , van Eijck Casper H.J.
Published: November 2023

Heatmap of hierarchically clustered DEGs that overlapped in the tumor and organoid samples displaying TPM values.
Figure S1 from Organoids Derived from Neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX Patients Recapitulate Therapy Resistance in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Farshadi Elham Aida , Chang Jiang , Sampadi Bharath , Doukas Michail , Van 't Land Freek , van der Sijde Fleur , Vietsch Eveline E. , Pothof Joris , Koerkamp Bas Groot , van Eijck Casper H.J.
Published: November 2023

Dose response curves of 2 patient-derived organoid cultures (passages 4 and 8) exposed to (A) oxaliplatin and (B) SN38. Black lines represent treatment-naive and red lines represent FOLFIRINOX-treated organoids. X-axis show the logarithmic transformed drug concentrations; Y-axis represents the growth rate inhibition values (GR) at 72 hours after drug exposure.
Supplemental Figure 4 from SIX4 Controls Anti-PD-1 Efficacy by Regulating STING Expression
Authors: Liang Beiyuan , Zhang Evan H. , Ye Zhen , Storts Hayden , Jin Wei , Zheng Xinru , Hylton Hannah , Zaleski Olivia , Xing Xuanxuan , Miles Wayne , Wang Jing J.
Published: November 2023

Supplemental Figure 4 shows the quantification of western blots shown in Figure 2D.
Supplemental Figure 3 from SIX4 Controls Anti-PD-1 Efficacy by Regulating STING Expression
Authors: Liang Beiyuan , Zhang Evan H. , Ye Zhen , Storts Hayden , Jin Wei , Zheng Xinru , Hylton Hannah , Zaleski Olivia , Xing Xuanxuan , Miles Wayne , Wang Jing J.
Published: November 2023

Supplemental Figure 3 shows the quantification of western blots shown in Figure 2C.
Data from SIX4 Controls Anti-PD-1 Efficacy by Regulating STING Expression
Authors: Liang Beiyuan , Zhang Evan H. , Ye Zhen , Storts Hayden , Jin Wei , Zheng Xinru , Hylton Hannah , Zaleski Olivia , Xing Xuanxuan , Miles Wayne , Wang Jing J.
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The cGAS/STING cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway plays a significant role in antitumor immunity. Expression of STING is tightly regulated and commonly reduced or defective in many types of cancer. We have identified SIX4 as a significant regulator of STING expression in colon cancer cells. We showed that knockout of SIX4 decreased STING expression at the mRNA and protein levels while ectopic expression of SIX4 increased STING expression. Depletion of SIX4 led to attenuated STING activation and downstream signaling. Reexpression of SIX4 or ectopic expression of STING in SIX4 knockout cells reversed the effect. Ectopic expression of SIX4 enhanced DMXAA and cGAMP-induced STING activation and downstream signaling. Importantly, decrease of SIX4 expression substantially decreased tumor infiltration of CD8+ T cells and reduced the efficacy of PD-1 antibodies to diminish tumor growth in immune competent mice in vivo. Finally, analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas colon cancer dataset indicated that tumors with high SIX4 expression were significantly enriched in the Inflammatory Response pathway. SIX4 expression also correlated with expression of multiple IFN-stimulated genes, inflammatory cytokines, and CD8A. Taken together, our results implicate that SIX4 is a principal regulator of STING expression in colon cancer cells, providing an additional mechanism and genetic marker to predict effective immune checkpoint blockade therapy responses.
Significance:
Our studies demonstrate that SIX4 is an important regulator of STING expression, providing a genetic marker or a therapeutic target to predict or enhance immune checkpoint blockade therapy responses in colon cancer.