bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Doença de Chagas no Amapá: perfil dos casos confirmados no período de 2010 a 2020
Authors: Rocha Bruna Carvalho da , Pureza Demilto Yamaguchi da , Trindade João Farias da , Menezes Rubens Alex de Oliveira , Andrade Rosemary Ferreira de
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Analisar o perfil dos casos confirmados da doença de Chagas no estado do Amapá, no período de 2010 a 2020. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo epidemiológico, analítico do tipo transversal, realizado com dados das notificações do Sistema de Informação de Agravos e Notificação (SINAN). Para análise estatística foram utilizados os programas Microsoft Excel e IBM SPSS. Resultados: Entre 2010 e 2020 foram notificados 2.870 casos de doença de Chagas no Estado do Amapá, dos quais 280 foram confirmados, demonstrando incidência anual média de 3.20 casos por 100,000 habitantes. Não houve prevalência de casos quanto ao sexo, obtendo maior acometimento da raça parda, faixa etária entre 30 a 49 anos, escolaridade ignorada na maioria dos casos, prevalência do agravo na zona urbana, mais especificamente nos municípios de Macapá e Santana. Quanto ao perfil clínico, a maioria apontou o modo oral como provável fonte de transmissão, predominância de pacientes sintomáticos, diagnóstico confirmado por exames laboratoriais e uso do Benznidazol como terapêutica específica para a infecção. Conclusão: A produção de estudo sobre o perfil de indivíduos com doença de Chagas pode auxiliar os profissionais e gestores na construção de estratégias, na qualidade do atendimento e na solução de problemas.
Casais sorodiferentes: vivência e conflitos
Authors: Farias Kassiara Ferreira Felix de Lima , Santos Amuzza Aylla Pereira dos , Silva Nathalia Lima da , Santos Mirelle dos , Tavares Núbia Vanessa da Silva
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Analisar a vivência da conjugalidade de casais sorodiferentes marcada pelo enfrentamento de conflitos em decorrência ao vírus da imunodeficiência humana. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, de natureza qualitativa, relacionado a percepção dos casais sorodiferentes sobre o enfrentamento do HIV. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de entrevista semiestruturada de forma presencial e através da plataforma online, realizada com oito casais, na qual apenas um dos parceiros que compõem o casal possui diagnóstico positivo para o HIV. A realização da pesquisa ocorreu em um hospital universitário do nordeste brasileiro, referência para pessoas com HIV/AIDS. Resultados: O preconceito e a vivência do sigilo foram os desafios mais citados pelos entrevistados, visto que muitos casais preferem viver o segredo do diagnóstico do que correr o risco de sofrer o preconceito social, alegando inclusive que não vivenciam o preconceito porque a condição de saúde não é sabida pelas pessoas do seu meio social. Conclusão: Evidencia-se que a conjugalidade dos casais sorodiferentes apresenta variados desafios em sua vivência, como: o estigma social da doença, a falta de compromisso das pessoas que vivem com o vírus em aderirem ao uso regular da terapia antirretroviral somados ao medo da transmissão viral.
Avaliação da aplicabilidade e confiabilidade do Childhood Asthma Control Test (c-ACT)
Authors: Guerra Lorenzo Alvarenga , Soares José Eduardo Palacio , Salomão Vitor Moretto , Gaspar Guilherme Rache , Ferreira Maíra Lucília Monteiro , Lemos Gisele da Silveira , Giunchetti Denise da Silveira Lemos
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Avaliar a confiabilidade do Childhood Asthma Control Test (c-ACT) como uma ferramenta para o controle do quadro clínico da asma em crianças, através da comparação com os critérios de controle da asma da Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA). Métodos: Caracteriza-se um estudo do tipo transversal, quali-quantitativo e observacional, através da aplicação do questionário c-ACT e posterior comparação com os critérios da GINA, tendo como população-alvo crianças de 4 a 12 anos com diagnóstico de asma em qualquer nível de gravidade. Resultados: A média etária dos participantes foi de 7,57 ± 2,46 anos, sendo 73,7% do sexo masculino. Ao avaliar o controle da asma pelo c-ACT, 21% dos pacientes apresentaram asma controlada. Com relação aos critérios da GINA, 10,5% dos pacientes apresentaram asma controlada e 26,32% asma parcialmente controlada. Os pacientes com asma controlada e com asma parcialmente controlada apresentaram pontuação predominantemente maior no c-ACT do que os pacientes caracterizados com asma não controlada. Conclusão: A aplicação do c-ACT em crianças de 4-12 anos demonstrou uma tendência em ser uma ferramenta confiável, quando comparado com os critérios da GINA, uma vez que foi eficaz em diferenciar aqueles indivíduos controlados ou parcialmente controlados dos indivíduos não controlados.
The mechanism of oxidative stress in keloid fibroblasts and the experimental study of early application of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor
Authors: Hong Li , Junjie Chen , Pengyu Zhao , Ping Liu , Wei Chen
Published: March 2023

Objective

To investigate the protective effects of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor after inducing oxidative stress on keloid fibroblasts.

Methods

Primary keloid fibroblasts were isolated and cultured by enzyme digestion combined with the tissue adhesion method in vitro, and the third to fifth generations of cells were selected for the experiment. For 24 hours, keloid fibroblasts were treated with different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide. Different concentrations of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor were added to the keloid fibroblast culture medium, and then the cells were treated with hydrogen peroxide for 24 hours.

Results

With the increase of hydrogen peroxide concentration, the growth of keloid fibroblasts was inhibited and the levels of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and reactive oxygen species increased gradually, accompanied by an increase in the expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and collagen I mRNA. The expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase-mRNA in keloid fibroblasts and the formation of reactive oxygen species in keloid fibroblasts were induced by different concentrations of angiotensin II, and the most significant effect was at 10–5 mmol/mL. The effects of diphenyleneiodonium chloride (NOX inhibitor), N-acetylcysteine (reactive oxygen species inhibitor) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NADPH oxidase) RNA treatment on angiotensin II-induced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and collagen I increased significantly. Hydrogen peroxide and angiotensin II alone or combined can induce NADPH oxidase and reactive oxygen species expression in keloid fibroblasts. When the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor was added, the expression of NADPH oxidase and reactive oxygen species in keloid induced by hydrogen peroxide and angiotensin II could be inhibited.

Conclusion

Oxidative stress can lead to increased expression of reactive oxygen species, NADPH oxidase and collagen I in keloid fibroblasts, suggesting oxidative stress mediates the migration of human keloid fibroblasts and extracellular matrix synthesis.
Efficacy and safety of Saroglitazar and Fenofibrate in the treatment of diabetic dyslipidaemia: A pilot study
Authors: Gahlot Rahul , Kumar Sahil , Garg Sandeep , Chawla Shalini , Kalra Bhupinder Singh
Published: March 2023

Objectives:

Diabetic dyslipidaemia (DD) is characterised by hypertriglyceridaemia and elevated or normal levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and decreased levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Statins and anti-diabetic medication are coprescribed for optimal control.

Materials and Methods:

The objective of the study was to compare the safety and efficacy of Saroglitazar 4-mg and Fenofibrate 200 mg in combination with low dose Atorvastatin (10 mg) in patients with DD. Run-in period of 4 weeks for life-style and diet modification followed by 12 weeks of treatment with saroglitazar or fenofibrate and low dose of atorvastatin was followed. Primary outcome of this study was an absolute change in serum triglyceride level at baseline and end of treatment period (12 weeks). Secondary outcome was changed from baseline lipid profile, fasting blood glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) at the end of treatment period. Safety assessment was also done during the duration of study.

Results:

Forty patients of DD were randomly divided into two groups. One group received Saroglitazar 4 mg along with Atorvastatin 10 mg. Patients in second group received Fenofibrate 200 mg along with Atorvastatin 10 mg. Improvement in deranged lipid levels in both the groups was observed and this difference in improvement statistically was not found to be significant. We also observed that Saroglitazar significantly improves glycaemic profile by decreasing fasting blood sugar levels and HbA1c (P = 0.01, P < 0.01). Adverse events reported during this study were mild and none of the patients reported serious adverse events.

Conclusion:

Saroglitazar could be a potential drug to control both hyperglycaemia and dyslipidaemia in patients with DD.
A cross-sectional survey to assess the drug disposal practices of unused and expired medicines among lay public visiting a tertiary care hospital in an urban metropolis
Authors: Munshi Renuka , Dhiman Alisha , Maurya Miteshkumar
Published: March 2023

Objectives:

A cross-sectional survey was conducted to evaluate the knowledge, awareness and practice among the lay public regarding storage and disposal of unused and expired medicines.

Materials and Methods:

This was an observational, cross-sectional, single-centre and questionnaire-based survey. After obtaining Institutional Ethics Committee approval, the study was conducted using a pre-validated structured questionnaire distributed among the lay public visiting a tertiary care hospital located in an urban metropolitan city.

Results:

Four hundred of 720 individuals visiting the tertiary care hospital participated in the survey. The results revealed that 75% had never referred to any sources to get the correct information about the proper and safe disposal of medicines and had no knowledge regarding the same. About 12.75% of study participants reported that they were educated regarding the disposal of medicines by their treating physicians (RR: 0.71 [95% CI: 0.51–0.99]) when compared with the other sources of information (18%) with statistically significant contribution made by the physicians (p<0.05). About 67% of the public stored their medicines at room temperature. Majority (83.75%) of the study participants reported that they disposed unused and expired drugs in the dustbin. Only 42.5% of the public knew the detrimental effect of improper drug disposal on human health and our ecosystem. In addition, 80% (320/400) of the participants confirmed that, given the option, they would prefer to return the unused or expired drugs to the pharmacy shops from where the medicines were purchased.

Conclusion:

There is a need to educate drug consumers/general public about safe and proper disposal of unused/ expired medicines. Health-care professionals, governments and policymakers should offer training to educate the general public about Indian regulations for safe disposal of unused/expired medicines.
Heart rate variability in patients presenting with anginal symptoms in absence of cardiac and other diseases
Authors: Khadka Rita , Jaryal Ashok , Narang Rajiv , Patel Chetan , Pandey Ravindra Mohan , Deepak Kishore Kumar
Published: March 2023

Objectives:

Angina is a symptom of coronary artery disease (CAD). Modulation of cardiac autonomic tone as assessed by heart rate (HR) variability (HRV) is found reduced in patients with CAD; myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarction and some other cardiovascular diseases. Reduced HRV has been found associated with sudden cardiac death in these CAD patients. Several patients present with anginal symptoms clinically in absence of CAD or other diseases. The status of HRV is not much clear in these patients. Thus, we aimed to assess HRV in patients with angina with and without myocardial ischemia and compare it with HRV of healthy subjects of similar age groups and follow-up patients for 1 year for cardiac/health events.

Materials and Methods:

The study included 61 consecutive male patients clinically presenting with angina and 30 healthy subjects. Based on Thallium-201 myocardial perfusion Single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) imaging, patients were divided into two groups; patients with myocardial perfusion defects (MPD), (n = 33, age 54.91 ± 7.43 years) and patients with no MPD (NMPD), NMPD (n = 28, age 53.04 ± 8.50 years). Short-term HRV was assessed in all patients and subjects in resting supine position following standard protocol. All MPD and 25 NMPD patients could be followed up for 1 year for cardiac/health events.

Results:

Surprisingly, the NMPD patients showed significantly reduced HRV, Standard deviation of the N-N intervals, The square root of the mean squared differences of successive N-N intervals, Percentage of the number of interval differences of successive N-N intervals greater than >50 ms divided by total number of R-R intervals, low frequency (LF) power, High Frequency (HF) power and total power as compared to both MPD patients and healthy subjects. (Total power [NMPD vs. MPD]: 610.1 [379.9–1072.8] vs. 1508.0 [748.4–2339.4] millisecond squares (ms2), P = 0.001), healthy subjects (Total power: 1414.6 [1104.6-2141.5] ms2, P = 0.001). The markers of sympathetic tone; LF (normalised unit) and LF/HF ratio were higher in NMPD patients as compared to MPD patients resulting in an altered sympathovagal balance. During a 1-year follow-up, sudden death was seen in one MPD patient (3.1%) and two NMPD patients (8%).

Conclusion:

The NMPD patients showed significantly reduced HRV as compared to both MPD patients and Healthy subjects with an altered sympathovagal balance. Sudden death was also seen in NMPD patients as MPD patients.
Aiming for More Sustainable Cross-Coupling Chemistry by Employing Single-Atom Catalysis on Scale
Authors: Poier Dario , Mitchell Sharon , Tulus Victor , Guillén-Gosálbez Gonzalo , Pérez-Ramírez Javier , Marti Roger
Published: March 2023

Scaling up syntheses from mg to kg quantities is a complex endeavor. Besides adapting laboratory protocols to industrial processes and equipment and thorough safety assessments, much attention is paid to the reduction of the process’ environmental impact. For processes including transition metal catalyzed steps, e.g. cross-coupling chemistry, this impact strongly depends on the identity of the metal used. As such, a key approach is the replacement of single-use with reusable heterogeneous catalysts. Transition metal single-atom heterogeneous catalysts (SAC), a novel class of catalytic materials, might exhibit all the necessary properties to step up to this task. This article shall discuss current applications of SAC in cross-coupling chemistry from the point of a process chemist and shed light on the NCCR Catalysis contribution to the field. Investigations of the stability-activity-selectivity relationship of SACs in combination with early-stage life-cycle assessments (LCA) of potential processes lay the foundation for large-scale application tailored catalyst synthesis. Ultimately, prevailing challenges are highlighted, which need to be addressed in future research.
Toward in silico Catalyst Optimization
Authors: Wodrich Matthew D. , Laplaza Ruben , Cramer Nicolai , Reiher Markus , Corminboeuf Clemence
Published: March 2023

In this minireview, we overview a computational pipeline developed within the framework of NCCR Catalysis that can be used to successfully reproduce the enantiomeric ratios of homogeneous catalytic reactions. At the core of this pipeline is the SCINE Molassembler module, a graph-based software that provides algorithms for molecular construction of all periodic table elements. With this pipeline, we are able to simultaneously functionalizenand generate ensembles of transition state conformers, which permits facile exploration of the influencenof various substituents on the overall enantiomeric ratio. This allows preconceived back-of-the-envelope designnmodels to be tested and subsequently refined by providing quick and reliable access to energetically low-lyingntransition states, which represents a key step in undertaking in silico catalyst optimization.
Maturarbeit: Screening Strategy against an Inorganic Complex for the Rapid Investigation of Naked-eye Detection of Analytes
Authors: Gbessaya Kevin , Rossel Thibaud
Published: March 2023

We recently reported a copper-azophloxine complex for the naked-eye detection of pyrophosphate (E450) in water as solvent (Fig. 1). Here, both for a maturarbeit and the continuation of our study with a high school student, we investigate a new quick screening strategy of analytes as well as the discrimination abilities of our reported copper complex.
PROBLEMATIC ISSUES OF CREATING ACCESSIBLE ENVIRONMENT FOR DISABLED PERSONS AND LOW-MOBILITY GROUPS OF POPULATION
Authors: Курганова К.И.
Published: March 2023

В статье рассматривается проблема формирования доступной среды для инвалидов и маломобильных групп населения. Рассмотрено, как в рамках государственной программы «Доступная среда» повышается качество жизни инвалидов в современном российском обществе. С учетом проблемы неравных возможностей при использовании объектов социальной инфраструктуры в регионах для маломобильных групп населения, рассматривается предложение по обеспечению возможности равного доступа к учреждениям социальной и иной инфраструктуры для пользования общественными услугами. Перечислены проблемы, с которыми сталкиваются инвалиды в разных регионах. Предложено решение проблемы социального проектирования формирования доступной среды.

The article deals with a problematic issue of creating an accessible environment for disabled persons and low-mobility groups of population. It examines how the state supported programme «Accessible Environment» promotes for improving quality life for disabled people in today’s Russian society. Given the issue of unequal opportunities with regard to the use of social infrastructure facilities in the regions for people with limited mobility a proposal is being considered as to ensuring equal access to social and other related infrastructure institutions to enjoy public services. Key problems disable people face in different regions are enumerated. The author concludes with proposing a way of solving the challenge of social design for an accessible environment.
CONSUMER EXTREMISM AS A THREAT TO ECONOMIC SECURITY OF MODERN RUSSIA
Authors: Дмитриева Н.В. , Кудрявцев Ю.А.
Published: March 2023

В статье рассмотрено понятие, выделены признаки и особенности проявления «потребительского экстремизма» в Российской Федерации. Обоснован вывод, согласно которому потребительский экстремизм можно рассматривать в качестве внутренней угрозы экономической безопасности не только конкретного хозяйствующего субъекта, но и государства в целом.

The article describes the concept of and highlights specific features of "consumer extremism" as well as particulars of the manifestation whereof in the Russian Federation. A reasonable conclusion is made whereby consumer extremism might be considered an internal threat to economic security not only of a particular economic entity, but also the one to the state as a whole.
ON LEGALITY OF ENTREPRENEURIAL TRANSACTIONS WITH REGARD TO FINANCIAL OBLIGATIONS TO STATE
Authors: Дикаев С.У. , Кузин Н.Н. , Шубников Ю.Б.
Published: March 2023

В статье рассмотрены некоторые вопросы, связанные с правомерностью предпринимательских сделок в отношении финансовых обязательств перед государством, к которым относятся обязательные платежи в виде налогов и сборов. Также рассмотрены вопросы, связанные с деятельностью налоговой службы по выявлению подозрительных сделок в части касающейся уменьшения поступления платежей в бюджет по результатам предпринимательских договоров. Уделено внимание рассмотрению схем предпринимателей, позволяющих существенно уменьшить налоговую нагрузку в определённых условиях.

The article deals with the legality of business transactions disclosing financial obligations to the state, which include mandatory tax payments and fees. The paper also focuses on specific issues with direct relevance to tax administration activities aimed in particular at revealing suspicious transactions related to attempted reduction of resulting final payments to the budget in the course of performing business contracts. Special attention is paid to examining particular schemes of entrepreneurs which might enable to significantly reduce tax burdens under certain conditions.
OMBUDSMAN INSTITUTION IN POST SOVIET AREA
Authors: Беляцкая А.М.
Published: March 2023

В данной статье автор анализирует нормы, регулирующие деятельность уполномоченных по правам человека в постсоветских странах. В ходе данного анализа автор делает вывод, что на постсоветском пространстве сложилась своя уникальная модель института уполномоченного по правам человека.

The article deals with the analysis of norms, regulating ombudsmen activities in the post Soviet countries. In the course of the analysis the author concludes that in the post-Soviet space there emerged its unique model of ombudsman institution.
INVATOURISTS AS SPECIAL CATEGORY OF TOURIST PRODUCT CONSUMERS
Authors: Карпова Г.А. , Валеева Е.О.
Published: March 2023

Представлены основные результаты проведенного авторами исследования особенностей обслуживания инватуристов как особой категории потребителей туристского продукта на современном этапе. Систематизированы основные подходы к определению направления туризма, в рамках которого активное участие принимают туристы – лица с ограниченными возможностями здоровья (ОВЗ). На примере всероссийского проекта «Музейные маршруты России» – 2023 проанализирована доступность прохождения подобных маршрутов для инватуристов. На основании полученных выводов выявлено проблемное поле и сформулированы основные аспекты организации обслуживания туристов с ОВЗ.

We introduce the results of the research dedicated to serving invatourists as a special category of tourist product consumers at the present stage. We systemize the main approaches to defining the direction of tourism that enjoys popularity among handicapped tourists. We analyze the accessibility of itineraries for invatourists by the example of the national project “Museum Routes of Russia - 2023”. Based on the research, we reveal problems and specify the main aspects of attending handicapped tourists.
ON FINANCIAL STABILITY (SUSTAINABILITY) OF BANKING SYSTEM AND ITS ASSESSMENT
Authors: Кроливецкая В.Э. , Масловская Е.О. , Конников Е.А.
Published: March 2023

В статье рассмотрены вопросы финансовой безопасности и финансовой стабильности в Российской Федерации в условиях внешних вызовов и угроз. Проведен анализ взаимосвязи содержания категорий «финансовая безопасность», «финансовая стабильность». Рассмотрены точки зрения на сущность этих категорий и дано авторское определение финансовой стабильности. Охарактеризованы показатели финансовой устойчивости банковской системы и способы ее расчета. Авторами также проведен расчет интегрального показателя финансовой устойчивости банковской системы Российской Федерации.

We look at certain issues of financial security and financial stability in the Russian Federation under external challenges and threats. We analyze the correlation between the concepts of financial security and financial stability. Various points of view on the essence of the categories in question are considered; we introduce our own definition of financial stability. Indicators of financial stability of the banking system and methods of its calculation are characterized. We also calculate the integral indicator of financial stability of the banking system of the Russian Federation.
ON FURTHER DEVELOPMENT OF MORTGAGE HOUSING CREDIT IN RUSSIA
Authors: Солдатенкова И.В.
Published: March 2023

В статье проведен анализ динамики основных показателей развития рынка ипотечного жилищного кредитования в России в 2021–2022 гг. Выделены факторы, которые, по мнению автора, будут сдерживать расширение этого сегмента в краткосрочной перспективе. Сформулированы авторские рекомендации в части корректировки правительством дальнейших направлений развития рынка с целью повышения доступности ипотечного жилищного кредитования в России.

We analyze the dynamics of the key indicators of Russian mortgage market in 2021-2022. We distinguish certain factors that in our opinion will restrain the expansion of the segment in question in the short term. We present our recommendations concerning further corrections to be made by the government in order to increase the affordability of mortgage in Russia.
Co-Variation of Serum Osteoprotegerin and Pigment-Epithelial Derived Factor as Biomarker of Pancreatic Cancer
Authors:   Departments of Medicine, Biomedical Sciences, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, USA, M Edderkaoui , C Chheda ,   Departments of Medicine, Biomedical Sciences, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, USA, A Lim ,   Departments of Medicine, Biomedical Sciences, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, USA, SJ Pandol ,   Departments of Medicine, Biomedical Sciences, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, USA, R Murali ,   Departments of Medicine, Biomedical Sciences, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, USA
Published: March 2023

Pancreatic cancer is one the most lethal cancers. Currently, there are reliable predictive markers to assess cancer development. Widely used CA19- 9 molecular marker has been less effective in the diagnosis of early stages of cancer.
Revealing the effect of stereocontrol on intermolecular interactions between abiotic, sequence-defined macromolecules and a ligand
Authors: Szatko Maksymilian , Forysiak Weronika , Kozub Sara , Andruniów Tadeusz , Szweda Roza
Published: March 2023

The development of precision polymer synthesis gives access to a broad library of abiotic structures, where monomers are placed in particular positions in macromolecule chains. Those structures are expected to exhibit folding characteristics for biotic macromolecules and inherit similar functionalities. However, engineering complex properties into abiotic polymers remains beyond reach due to the vast sequence space and multiple variables that impede rational structure design. To develop sophisticated functions in abiotic macromolecules, it is necessary to provide effective tools to study their conformation and molecular interactions. In this work, we investigated various methods to analyse receptor-like features of sequence-defined oligourethanes towards the bisphenol A ligand. We evaluated molecular dynamic simulations and experimental techniques, i.e., nuclear magnetic resonance, circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy, in studies of intermolecular interactions between model oligomers and the ligand. We tested the accuracy of methods to reveal the effect of discrete changes in stereochemical arrangements on the structure of formed complexes and binding strength. Based on atomistic details delivered by computational studies, we found that formed complexes display high structural diversity depending on the sequence of stereocenters. However, due to the dynamic nature of studied systems, they are challenging to characterise using common experimental methods. Among tested techniques, fluorescence spectroscopy data fitted to the Stern-Volmer equation provided the most consistent data with the calculations that enabled verification of the simulation methodology. The described computational strategy is an efficient tool for screening the libraries of various sequences to facilitate the engineering of host-guest systems based on abiotic sequence-defined polymers. Using computational capacity reduces the amount of experimental work, generated chemical waste, and time to get an outcome increasing the feasibility of programming receptor-like functionalities in non-natural macromolecules.
Intramolecular electron transfer in multi-redox systems based on cyclic [3]spirobifluorenylene compound
Authors: Imai Tomoya , Sakamaki Daisuke , Aoyagi Shinobu , Amaya Toru
Published: March 2023

Cyclic [3]spirobifluorenylene with bulky alkyl groups at the ends (1) was designed and synthesized to investigate the electron transfer phenomena in a -conjugated system including orthogonal π-conjugated chains. The three bifluorenyl units in 1 are conjugated to each other via spiro-conjugation, resulting in the splitting of the HOMO levels to a small extent. Therefore, the SOMO–HOMO gap of the radical cation species is small, which is considered to allow the facile intramolecular electron transfer. The electronic properties of 1 and its partial structures were characterized by absorption and fluorescence measurements and electrochemical analysis. From the electrochemical oxidation, the interchain Coulombic repulsion was observed. In the TD-DFT calculations for the radical cation species of 1, the geometry-featured interchain electronic transitions were visualized by NTO calculations. The radical cation species of 1 generated by chemical oxidation with SbCl5 exhibited a broadened and lower-energy shifted NIR absorption band compared to those of its partial structures. Considering the results of the TD-DFT calculations, the NIR band of the radical cation of 1 was attributed to the intramolecular electron transfer processes among the bifluorenyl units in the macrocycle. ESR experiments also indicated the delocalization of a spin of 1·+ in the whole molecule. This work demonstrates the usefulness of spiro-conjugation as a bridging unit in molecular wires to facilitate smooth electron transfer.
Self-aggregating Tau Fragments Recapitulate Pathologic Phenotypes and Neurotoxicity of Alzheimer's Disease in Mice
Authors: Le Ly Thi Huong Luu , Lee Jeeyoung , Im Dongjoon , Park Sunha , Hwang Kyoung-Doo , Lee Jung Hoon , Jiang Yanxialei , Lee Yong-Seok , Suh Young Ho , Kim Hugh I. , Lee Min Jae
Published: March 2023

In tauopathic conditions, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), highly soluble and natively unfolded tau polymerizes into an insoluble filament; however, the mechanistic details of this process are not clear. In AD brains, only a small segment of tau forms -helix-stacked protofilaments, while its flanking regions form disordered fuzzy coats. Here, we demonstrated that the tau AD nucleation core (tau-AC) sufficiently induced self-aggregation and recruited full-length tau to filaments. Unexpectedly, phospho-mimetic forms of tau-AC (at Ser324 or Ser356) showed markedly reduced aggregation and seeding propensities. Biophysical analysis revealed that the N-terminus of tau-AC facilitated the fibrillization kinetics, while its phosphorylation induced conformation changes, sterically shielding the nucleation motif. Tau-AC oligomers were efficiently internalized into cells via endocytosis and induced endogenous tau aggregation. In primary hippocampal neurons, tau-AC impaired axon initial segment plasticity upon chronic depolarization and was mislocalized in the somatodendritic compartments. Furthermore, we observed significantly impaired memory retrieval in mice intrahippocampally injected with tau-AC fibrils, which corresponded to the neuropathological staining and neuronal loss in the brain. These findings identified tau-AC species as a key neuropathological driver in AD, suggesting novel strategies for therapeutic intervention.
Density functional theory investigation of green stabilizer reactions: curcumin in nitrocellulose-based propellants
Authors: Nascimento Mossri João Luis , Barboza Rodrigues Rodrigo Leonardo , Nichele Jakler , Borges Jr Itamar
Published: March 2023

Stabilizers are molecules used in the composition of nitrocellulose-based propellants for inhibiting the autocatalytic degradation process that produces nitrous gases and free nitric acids. Curcumin – (1E,6E)-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione – is a promising green stabilizer in new formulations of environmental and health-friendly single-base propellants. This work investigates reactions between curcumin and nitrogen dioxide NO2 using density functional theory to unveil their mechanisms. For this purpose, we obtained optimized geometries of equilibrium and transition states, minimum energy paths, and thermochemical data for aromatic ring nitration and hydrogen release reactions. The results indicate that nitration of the aromatic ring of curcumin and the formation of a curcumin-based free radical are viable. The computed Gibbs free activation energy (∆‡G°) and activation enthalpy (∆‡H°) for two different temperatures, 298.15 K (room temperature) and 363.15 K (a typical temperature used in aging tests), are respectively 43.64 kcal/mol and 44.78 kcal/mol for the first reaction, and 31.54 kcal/mol and 35.31 kcal/mol for the second. Therefore, the radical-based mechanism is kinetically favored.
Ultrabright two-photon excitable red-emissive fluorogenic probes for fast and wash-free bioorthogonal labeling in live cells
Authors: Auvray Marie , Naud-Martin Delphine , Fontaine Gaëlle , Bolze Frédéric , Clavier Gilles , Mahuteau-Betzer Florence
Published: March 2023

Fluorogenic bioorthogonal reactions are promising tools for tracking small molecules or biomolecules in living organisms. Two-photon excitation, by shifting absorption towards the red, significantly increases the signal-to-noise ratio and decreases photodamages, while allowing to image about 10 times deeper than with a confocal. However, efficient two-photon excitable fluorogenic probes are currently lacking. We report here the design and synthesis of fluorogenic probes based on a two-photon excitable fluorophore and a tetrazine quenching moiety. These probes react with bicyclo[6.1.0]no-4-yn-9yl)methanol (BCN) with good to impressive kinetic rate constant (up to 1.1x103 M-1.s-1) and emit in the red window with moderate to high turn-on. TDDFT allowed to rationalize both the kinetic and fluorogenic performance of the different probes. The best candidate displays a turn-on of 13.8-fold measured by fluorescence intensities quantification in living cells under one-photon excitation, whereas a value of 3 is enough for live-cell imaging with high contrast. Moreover, live-cell imaging under two-photon excitation confirmed that there was no need for washing to monitor the reaction between BCN and this probe as a turn-on of 8.0-fold was measured under two-photon excitation. Finally, the high two-photon brightness of the clicked adduct (>300 GM) allows the use of a weak laser power compatible with in vivo imaging.
Role of cationic organisation on water dynamics in saponite clays
Authors: Marry Virginie , Le Crom Sébastien , Ferrage Eric , Michot Laurent , Farago Bela , Delville Alfred , DUBOIS Emmanuelle
Published: March 2023

Water dynamics impacts many phenomena from geosciences to biology, especiallly in confined environments. In the presence of charged interfaces, there are some ions the role of which with regards to the water dynamics is unclear. Here a synthetic saponite clay, which is oriented in a film, is used as confining medium in the bilayer state. It confines two water layers between negatively charged planes, the charge of which is compensated by sodium cations. Water dynamics is determined both parallel and perpendicular to the charged clay layers with Neutron Spin Echo (NSE). This technique gives access to long enough times and directly provides the intermediate scattering function that is calculated on the other hand by Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations. These latter also enable the study of cations dynamics, not experimentally accessible on this time scale. The results point towards a huge role of these cations on the water dynamics, mainly through their local structure and localization between the charged confining planes.
Advanced Multifunctional Materials (2023)
Authors: Abdelhamid Hani Nasser
Published: March 2023

This review summarizes mainly the activity of our labs. We established more than one laboratory for materials synthesis, characterization, and applications. Our laboratories provide the synthesis of several nanoparticles including metal oxide nanoparticles (e.g., Fe3O4, ZnO, ZrOSO4, MoO3-x, CuO, AgFeO2, Co3O4, SiO2, and CuFeO2), metallic nanoparticles (Ag, Au, Pd, and Pt), carbon-based nanomaterials (graphene, graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, and carbon dots (CDs)), biopolymers (cellulose, nanocellulose, TOCNF, alginate, and chitosan), organic polymers (conjugated polymers, covalent-organic frameworks (COFs), and intrinsic microporous polymers), and hybrid materials e.g. metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). These materials were applied for energy, environmental, and biomedicine applications. They were applied in several fields such as environmental-based technologies (e.g., water remediation, air purification, gas storage), energy (production of hydrogen, dimethyl ether, solar cells, and supercapacitors), and biomedical sectors (sensing/biosensing, cancer therapy, and drug delivery). They can act as efficient adsorbents and catalysts to remove emerging contaminants such as metals, dyes, drugs, antibiotics, pesticides, and oils in water via adsorption. They can be also used as catalysts for catalytic degradation, reduction, and oxidation of organic pollutants. They can be used as filters for air purification by removing greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and particulate matter (PMs). They can be used for hydrogen production via water splitting, alcohol oxidation, and hydrolysis of NaBH4. Biomedical applications such as antibacterial, drug delivery, and biosensing were also involved.
Economic Projection of Political Relations between Russia and China on the Features and Prospects of Development of Foreign Trade Cooperation of the Irkutsk Region with the Provinces of China
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Lapshin A. N. , Miroshnikov D. V. ,   Irkutsk State University, Safronov D. A. ,   Irkutsk State University, Buneeva E. Yu. ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University
Published: March 2023

Political relations between Russia and China have always had ambiguous consequences for the dynamics of indicators of foreign trade relations at both national and regional levels. For cross-border regions, to which the Irkutsk Region belongs, explicit and implicit political and economic "vibrations" between countries, in connection with Russia's special military operation in Ukraine, in turn, directly and indirectly affect the state of the region's trade with the provinces of the PRC. The Irkutsk Region has long been one of the centers of polarization of foreign trade relations with the Northeastern Provinces of the People's Republic of China. But given the high degree of importance of further implementation of the "eastern direction" of the foreign trade policy of the Russian Federation due to the increasing deconstruction of international economic relations “West-East” for the Irkutsk region, the question of its place, role and status in the trends of Russian-Chinese discourse in the near and medium term is being actualized to determine the prospects for the development of the external economic space of the Irkutsk region. The article analyzes the dynamics of foreign trade relations between the Irkutsk region and the provinces of China in order to identify regional traditionally inertial and corrective factors for further adaptation of the region in the conditions of geopolitical and geo-economic transformation of relations between Russia and China. Based on the results of the study, conclusions are formulated about the emerging contradictions between the level of production capabilities and economic needs in bilateral relations between the Irkutsk Region and the Northeastern Provinces of the PRC, which nevertheless do not prevent the preservation of the leading positions of the Irkutsk region relative to other regions of the eastern economic zone, but suggest the intensification of existing ties and their geographical diversification.
Weight Analysis of the Influencing Factors of Homestay Competitiveness in Rural Guangzhou, China
Authors: Niu Yujia , Yee Cheok Mui , Yin-Fah Benjamin Chan
Published: March 2023

At present, Guangzhou homestay industry is facing a bottleneck. Therefore, it is particularly important to analyze the factors that influence the competitiveness of rural homestays in Guangzhou, determine the evaluation system of competitiveness, and determine the weight of each factor. Based on Porter’s diamond theory, this paper analyzes and summarizes the influencing factors of homestay competitiveness, and divides the influencing factors into 5 primary factors and 34 secondary factors. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to determine the judgment matrix to form the weight results of each factor, and the results show that product characteristics account for the largest proportion among first level factors. Secondary factors such as theme creativity, personalized brand and the overall score account for a large proportion. The research results can act as a reference for the construction of competitiveness evaluation mechanism and model of local rural quality homestays.
The Latest Research Progress in the Application of MEWS Scoring System in Clinical Nursing
Authors: Pang Zehui , Ma Meili , Qu Chenfei , Liu Chunlin , Sheng Xia
Published: March 2023

This paper summarizes the background of the formation of the Modified Early Warning System (MEWS) evaluation system, its current status of clinical teaching applications in different fields of hospitals, and its significance on the medical and nursing career, aiming to provide specific theoretical basis for medical staff and lay a foundation for continuing to carry out related work on MEWS.
Study on the diagnostic value of VEGF, CA19-9 and CEA in pancreatic cancer and the risk factors of vascular invasion
Authors: Chen Anke , Chen Yong
Published: March 2023

Background: Pancreatic cancer is a malignant tumor of the gastrointestinal tract. Due to its insidious onset, most patients with newly diagnosed pancreatic cancer have missed the opportunity for radical surgery, which offers patients the best chance of survival. The 5-year survival rate of patients with pancreatic cancer can be improved with early diagnosis, and serum tumor makers are an inexpensive and convenient diagnostic tool that is widely used in the diagnosis of malignancies. Objective: To determine the diagnostic value of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in patients with pancreatic cancer and the risk factors of vascular invasion. Methods: An experimental group comprising 52 patients with pancreatic cancer admitted to our department from July 2021 to July 2022 and a control group comprising 21 patients with benign pancreatic diseases during the same period were included in our study. Their serum VEGF, CA 19-9, and CEA levels were detected and compared between the two groups, and the correlation between the three markers in the invaded vessel and non-invaded vessel groups was investigated. The diagnostic value of a single tumor marker and in combination for pancreatic cancer was analyzed, and the three tumor marker levels of the experimental group in different pathological characteristics were detected and compared. Results: The experimental group had higher serum VEGF, CA 19-9, and CEA levels than the control group (P < 0.05). Through a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the combined detection had the highest value for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, in which the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.9158 (95% CI: 0.8415–0.9900), while the sensitivity and specificity were 76.19% and 98.08%, respectively. Serum VEGF and CA 19-9 levels were higher in stage III–IV pancreatic cancer patients and those with tumor metastasis compared with stage I–II patients and those without metastasis (P < 0.05), respectively. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the risk factors of vascular invasion in pancreatic cancer, and the results showed that only serum VEGF was a risk factor (P < 0.05), OR (95% CI): 1.001–1.006. Conclusion: Patients with pancreatic cancer have significantly higher serum VEGF, CA 19-9, and CEA levels, and the combined detection of tumor markers is of high clinical value in its diagnosis. In addition, serum VEGF is an independent risk factor of vascular invasion in pancreatic cancer, which can predict vascular invasion to a certain extent.
PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI PEMBELAJARAN DALAM PERMAINAN KARTU UNO KIMIA UNSUR TERHADAP RESPON SISWA DI LINGKUNGAN PONDOK PESANTREN
Authors: Aisyah Siti , Putera Dwi Bagus Rendy Astid , Hadi Wiwin Puspita
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon siswa dengan menerapkan teknologi pembelajaran dalampermainan kartu Uno kimia unsur yang dilakukan di lingkungan pondok pesantren yaitu MA An Nur Banyuates,Kabupaten Sampang, Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan konsep kimia unsur khususnya golongan utama yang berada di setiap kartu Uno yang menampilkan barcode. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada kelas XII IPA 2.Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Instrumen penelitianadalah angket respon siswa dengan indikator kemudahan penggunaan, ketertarikan, dan kebermanfaatan. Hasil penelitian memperoleh persentase kemudahan 93%, ketertarikan 91 %, dan kebermanfaatan 87% dengankategori sangat baik. Rerata skor secara keseluruhan yaitu 90% dengan kategori sangat baik.
The DEVELOPMENT OF INTERACTIVE MULTIMEDIA TO PREVENT MISCONCEPTIONS IN SALT HYDROLYSIS MATERIALS
Authors: Muflihatin Laili , Sukarmin Sukarmin
Published: March 2023

This study aims to determine the feasibility of interactive multimedia that used to prevent misconceptions on salt hydrolysis material in terms of validity, practicality, and effectiveness. The type of this study is Research and Development (R&D) of the ADDIE model which consists of five stages, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. And this research is only limited to the implementation stage. The trial or product implementation was carried out on 20 students of high school students of eleventh grade Science. Based on the results of the research, the percentage of construct validation is 86.8% and content validation is 85.8%. Percentage of practicality based on the student response questionnaires is 86.3% and the observation questionnaires is 89%. And percentage of effectiveness obtained based on student learning outcomes is 83.4%. Thus the results of this study indicate that the interactive multimedia developed is valid, practical, and effective used to prevent students' misconceptions on the salt hydrolysis material.