bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Method of surface defect detection for agricultural machinery parts based on image recognition technology
Authors: Zhang Jie , Li Dan
Published: April 2023

At present, the large use of agricultural machinery for agricultural production has increased the efficiency of agricultural production, thus greatly improving the speed of agricultural production, and also greatly increasing the demand for agricultural machinery. Under the current market scenario, the surface quality of agricultural machinery will have a certain degree of impact on its grade pricing and competitiveness. To find product surface defects in the process of product quality control, product surface fault detection is very important in the process of product quality control. Traditional surface defects are mainly detected manually, which will lead to low efficiency and error prone. In order to solve and find the problems of surface defects and low accuracy of agricultural machinery, this paper proposes a method of inspection of surface micro defects based on image recognition technology. Canny operator is used to extract the weakness of the fault edge, and the algorithm of corrosion function is used to remove the relatively small structural elements in the image, so that the boundary becomes part of the internal contraction, complete the filling of the specified holes, connect the two points that meet the set value, on the other side, the integrity of the second image edge is defective, and complete the identification and detection of the defect section according to the defect type, Complete defect edge images can be obtained by adjusting characteristic defect behavior parameters, so as to complete defect category identification and inspection. In the simulation experiment, the proposed method can accurately detect various small defects of parts, and produce appropriate detection results.
Design of 3d animation color rendering system based on image enhancement algorithm and machine learning
Authors: Xuan Danyang
Published: April 2023

At present, this paper points out the color problem of 3D animation, comprehensively studies the mechanism of machine image quality degradation and the related image enhancement methods integrating multiple scene variables, and improving the image enhancement method is an important problem to be solved in the industry. One or more image quality evaluation indicators are used to extract some features of the image, maintain the consistency with the subjective perception of the human eye, build an appropriate image quality evaluation machine model, and use machine learning technology to analyze image improvement algorithm data to achieve image quality evaluation results. With the change of lighting conditions in complex scenes, the gray distribution, clarity and color reproducibility of the captured image will have a great impact. Therefore, this paper mainly takes these three attributes as the key parameters to evaluate the image quality. At this stage, computer learning technology has developed rapidly. Therefore, based on computer learning technology, 3D animation has brought great changes. It can continuously improve the rendering quality of animation, and also increase the complexity of animation program development. The 3D animation rendering engine, including cross platform, image rendering, memory management, resource management and other related technologies, provides a simple and easy-to-use interface for developers to develop graphical programs, and greatly improves the work efficiency of developers. At the same time, some mainstream 3D color systems are analyzing the architecture and modules to design and develop a set of architecture suitable for the engine. The 3D animation color rendering system designed in this paper is mainly divided into multiple modules according to different functions. In addition, this paper uses the cache memory management strategy in the memory management module, which significantly reduces the number of dynamic memory allocation, avoids the generation of memory fragments, and improves the efficiency of memory use.
Enterprise financial early warning based on improved particle swarm optimization algorithm and data mining
Authors: Ma Xiaohua
Published: April 2023

In the Internet era, enterprises are surrounded by massive information, and the information ability of effective organization is becoming more and more important for modern enterprise management. How to continuously dig into the economic data formed in the operation of enterprises, and then discover the intelligence with the effect of financial risk warning, has become an urgent problem to be dealt with. Sophisticated data mining techniques continue to evolve, creating a clear sense of direction for dealing with this problem. Like most collective intelligence algorithms, optimized particle swarm optimization is a typical algorithm for optimizing collective intelligence. Usually, a set of solutions is started randomly, but these solutions are also updated through continuous repetition. Therefore, this paper, aiming at this problem, has carried on a series of improvement methods, improved the particle property algorithm and analyzed the particle swarm optimization algorithm, at the same time, clarified its long time in the elimination stage and can not be applied to some problems. Therefore, how to design improved strategies for swarm intelligence algorithms, especially better particle walking algorithms and their variants, to further improve the solving quality and efficiency of such algorithms when solving complex optimization problems is also a research focus in this field.
Design of Cloud Computing Database and Tourism Intelligent Platform Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Wang Weijia
Published: April 2023

Analyzing data in real time or offline through machine learning has played a very positive role in making practical decisions for enterprises. Cloud computing database needs to be based on artificial intelligence under big data as the background, and cloud computing database has gradually become a new upsurge in the field of computer research. In the cloud computing database environment, users can obtain powerful computing resources and powerful storage capacity. Smartphones and mobile applications are increasingly integrated into our daily life and widely used in the tourism field, such as smart phone system navigation, hotel booking and other applications. Mobile tourism applications based on intelligent platforms are becoming an important part of contemporary tourism. However, in the face of a large amount of tourism information, such as tourism strategies, famous scenic spots and other information, the main way to obtain tourism information from these mobile travel applications is still manual search. By searching and filtering a large number of useful information, and classifying them, a mobile terminal with poor operating experience will eventually be formed, which makes users have a very bad sense of experience. In the face of a large number of data problems in the tourism system designed based on the intelligent platform, we can use the characteristics of cloud computing to deal with a large number of data problems in tourism information.
Efficacy of Vitrectomy with Air Tamponade for Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment: A Prospective Study
Authors: Nishi Katsuhiro , Nakamura Madoka , Nishitsuka Koichi
Published: April 2023

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) causes a permanent decrease in visual acuity and visual field. During pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for RRD, long acting gas have been selected for tamponade because gas stays in the eye for a long time. Recently, several studies have showed the efficacy of air tamponade for RRD treatment. Few prospective studies have analyzed the efficacy of air tamponade. We registered 194 eyes from 190 patients who consented to a prospective study of PPV with air tamponade for RRD by a single surgeon from June 2019 to November 2022. These patients were all treated with air tamponade without silicone oil and were followed for > 3 months postoperatively. Primary success rates were 97.9% (190/194) in total cases, with no discernible difference between the uncomplicated (100%:87/87) and complicated (96.3%: 103/107) RRD groups (P = 0.13). There was no considerable difference in primary success rate between upper break (97.9%:143/146) and lower break cases (97.9%:47/48). Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) grade C was associated with initial failure by multivariate analysis (P = 0.00003). Air tamponade has a sufficient therapeutic effect in cases of RRD less than PVR grade C, regardless of the location of the retinal tear.
The value of EYA1/3/4 in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: a study from multiple databases
Authors: Liu Taobin , Nie Jianqiang , Zhang Xiaoming , Deng Xinxi , Fu Bin
Published: April 2023

Background: There is evidence from multiple studies that dysregulation of the Eyes Absent (EYA) protein plays multiple roles in many cancers. Despite this, little is known about the prognostic significance of the EYAs family in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).
Methods: We systematically analyzed the value of EYAs in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Our analysis included examining transcriptional levels, mutations, methylated modifications, co-expression, protein-protein interactions (PPIs), immune infiltration, single-cell sequencing, drug sensitivity, and prognostic values. We based our analysis on data from several databases, including the Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA), the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO), UALCAN, TIMER, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), STRING, cBioPortal and GSCALite.
Results: In patients with ccRCC, the EYA1 gene was significantly highly expressed, while the expression of EYA2/3/4 genes showed the opposite trend. The level of expression of the EYA1/3/4 gene was significantly correlated with the prognosis and clinicopathological parameters of ccRCC patients. Univariate and multifactorial Cox regression analyses revealed EYA1/3 as an independent prognostic factor for ccRCC, establishing nomogram line plots with good predictive power. Meanwhile, the number of mutations in EYAs was also significantly correlated with poor overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with ccRCC. Mechanistically, EYAs genes play an essential role in a wide range of biological processes such as DNA metabolism and double-strand break repair in ccRCC. The majority of EYAs members were related to the infiltration of immune cells, drug sensitivity, and methylation levels. Furthermore, our experiment confirmed that EYA1 gene expression was upregulated, and EYA2/3/4 showed low expression in ccRCC.
Conclusion: The increased expression of EYA1 might play an important role in ccRCC oncogenesis, and the decreased expression of EYA3/4 could function as a tumor suppressor, suggesting EYA1/3/4 might serve as valuable prognostic markers and potential new therapeutic targets for ccRCC.
Method of hydraulic control detection and fault diagnosis of construction machinery based on machine learning
Authors: Ma Jianqiang
Published: April 2023

With the continuous development of the times, the hydraulic system of construction machinery has become one of the important components of the hydraulic system and has been widely used in the construction machinery industry. If the hydraulic pressure of the construction machinery detects a fault, the entire production line will stop working, resulting in heavy losses to the enterprise. The hydraulic system of construction machinery is expensive in terms of its own cost and maintenance cost. Therefore, the control detection and fault diagnosis of hydraulic system of construction machinery has the highest value in engineering applications. In this paper, the neural network model used is based on the classification characteristics of neural network in machine learning. Through extracting and standardizing the sample data processing function, the hydraulic control detection and fault diagnosis of construction machinery have been successfully realized. For the defects of parameter selection in machine learning, such as the difficulty of selecting parameter attributes, and the difficulty of falling into local optimization in the face of complex structure, the diagnosis method based on multi-layer hidden MLP model is adopted. This method can directly extract the feature quantity and input it into the MLP model for proper training, so as to make the learning network more in-depth, so as to ensure the reliability of production and improve the accuracy of model fault diagnosis, and use the neural network diagnosis method to process multi-dimensional data in machine learning.
Broadband High-Efficiency 3-bit Coding Metasurfacein Tramsmission Mode Based on the Polarization Conversion Technique
Authors: Karimipour Majid , Heydari Mohammad Bagher , Aryanian Iman
Published: April 2023

The main drawback of the transmissive focusing metasurface (TFM) is its low operational bandwidth and low aperture efficiencywhich usually the simultaneous increase of these two radiation characteristics is a major challenge in these structures. Thispaper introduces a novel multi-state coding metasurface with an enhanced frequency bandwidth and efficiency exploitingsystem-level and element-level synthesis approaches. Unlike most of the TFMs proposed in this concern, the proposed novelelement consists of only two dielectric layers. The system-level synthesis approach is implemented by the well-establishedbroadband technique named multi-frequency phase synthesis (MFPS) using an optimization algorithm to balance the phaseerror in the whole band in terms of gain and aperture efficiency. At the element design level, a wideband technology based onthe polarization conversion technique (PCT) is adopted and implemented by a subwavelength non-resonant element which iscomposed of three C-shape metallic patterns. The metal layers are printed on two sides of two identical dielectric layers withoutusing any metalized via in the configuration. Eight states of phase quantization are realized by simply changing the angle of arccurves in all layers. The amplitude of the transmitted wave with rotated polarization is larger than 0.9 from 12.3 GHz to 16.5GHz. A 25×25-element TFM is designed, fabricated, and tested by the above broadband technique. The measurement resultsdemonstrate that the 1-dB gain bandwidth of the antenna is 12.3-16.5 GHz which is equal to 29%. The maximum measuredaperture efficiency is 53.6%, which occurs at 12.8 GHz. The proposed metasurface is classified in the group of broadbandhigh-efficiency TFM.
SST interneurons modulate neocortical network through GABAb receptors in a synapse- specific manner
Authors: Kanigowski Dominik , Bogaj Karolina , Barth Alison L. , Urban-Ciecko Joanna
Published: April 2023

The firing activity of somatostatin-expressing inhibitory neurons (SST-INs) can suppress network activity via both GABAa and GABAb receptors (Rs). Although SST-INs do not receive GABAaR input from other SST-INs, it is possible that SST-IN-released GABA could suppress the activity of SST-INs themselves via GABAbRs, providing a negative feedback loop. Here we characterized the influence of GABAbR modulation on SST-IN activity in layer 2/3 of the somatosensory cortex in mice. We compared this to the effects of GABAbR activation on parvalbumin-expressing interneurons (PV-INs). Using in vitrowhole-cell patch clamp recordings, pharmacological and optogenetic manipulations, we found that the firing activity of SST-INs suppresses excitatory drive to themselves via presynaptic GABAbRs. Postsynaptic GABAbRs did not influence SST-IN spontaneous activity or intrinsic excitability. Although GABAbRs at pre- and postsynaptic inputs to PV-INs are modestly activated during cortical network activity in vitro, the spontaneous firing of SST-INs was not the source of GABA driving this GABAbR activation. Thus, SST-IN firing regulates excitatory synaptic strength through presynaptic GABAbRs at connections between pyramidal neurons (Pyr-Pyr) and synapses between pyramidal neurons and SST-INs (Pyr-SST), but not Pyr-PV and PV-Pyr synapses. Our study indicates that two main types of neocortical inhibitory interneurons are differentially modulated by SST-IN-mediated GABA release.
Plicae palmatae on MR in uterus didelphys: the incidence and morphological characteristics
Authors: Sun Zhaonan , He Jiangkai , Huang Wenpeng , Wang Xiaoying
Published: April 2023

Objective: To investigate the incidence of plicae palmatae in uterus didelphys and its morphological characteristics on MR imaging.
Methods: We retrospectively collected 37 consecutive female pelvic MR images diagnosed with uterus didelphys between August 2012 and November 2020. Patients with the following conditions were excluded: (a) repeated examination; (b) poor image quality; (c) cervical disease. Axial and coronal T2-weight images and axial three-dimensional (3D) volumetric isotropic T2-weighted acquisition (VISTA) were used to evaluate the ridge of plicae palmatae (RPP). A multiplanar reformation of the cervical axis from 3D-VISTA sequence was performed to measure the height and width of RPP. Non-normal variables based on the Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for statistical analysis. A two-tailed test where P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Twenty-six cases were finally included in the statistics. The average age was 25.7±9.0 years (range, 10-45 years). RPP was observed on both cervices in 16 patients (61.5%), only on the left cervix in 3 patients (11.5%), and only on the right cervix in 4 patients (15.4%). There were 3 cases with no RPP observed in any of their cervix (11.5%). All RPP appear symmetrically on the anterior and posterior walls of the cervix. There was no statistically significant difference in height, width, and height/width of the RPP in the left and right cervix (p＞0.05).
Conclusions: RPP is encountered in 88.5% patients with duplicated uterine cervices in our cohort. This incidence is similar to that reported in women with normal uterus of reproductive age.
Isolation, characterization and genomic analysis of a novel Arthrobacter sp. phage SWEP2
Authors: Han Miao , Niu Xinyao , Xiong Guangzhou , Ruan Chujin , Chen Guowei , Wu Hanqing , Liu Ying , Zhu Kun , Wang Gang
Published: April 2023

In this study, a virulent phage, designated SWEP2, which infects Arthrobacter sp. 5B strain was isolated from the black soil in Northeast China. The phage SWEP2 has a latent period of 80 min and the burst size of 45 PFU (test on MOI=0.1). Through genomic analyses, this 43,412 bp dsDNA phage SWEP2 was found to consist of 66 open reading frames (ORFs) and 1 tRNA gene. The SWEP2 is closely related to Arthrobacterphage Liebe (82.98% identity, 49% query coverage). Based on its phenotypic and genotypic characterization, the SWEP2 is a novel Arthrobacter phage.
Attentional, emotional, and behavioral response toward spiders, scorpions, crabs, and snakes: Do they all scare us?
Authors: Landová Eva , Štolhoferová Iveta , Vobrubová Barbora , Polák Jakub , Sedláčková Kristýna , Janovcová Markéta , Rádlová Silvie , Frynta Daniel
Published: April 2023

Spiders evoke significant fear and disgust in many people; such a complex response has been formed throughout human evolution. However, most spiders do not present a serious threat, so the evolutionary explanation is controversial. We suggest that other chelicerates, e.g., scorpions, might have been important in the formation and fixation of the spider-like category. In this eye-tracking study, we checked for some aspects of the attentional, behavioral, and emotional response to the spider, scorpion, snake, and crab stimuli used as task-irrelevant distractors. Results showed that spider-fearful participants were selectively distracted by spiders, but also by crabs which were not consciously rated as fear-eliciting. We hypothesize that spider-fearful participants might have mistaken crabs for spiders based on their shared physical characteristics. Contrary, participants with no fear of spiders were distracted the most by snakes and scorpions. No difference between snake and scorpion distractors was found supporting the notion that scorpions are also prioritized, evolutionary relevant stimuli. We conclude that scorpions are evolutionary fear-relevant stimuli, however, the generalization between scorpions and spiders was not supported in spider-fearful participants. This result might be important for a better understanding of the evolution of spider phobia.
Comparison of the applicability of seven calculation equations of glomerular filtration rate among elderly people in China
Authors: Zhu Weiwei , Zhang Yingyu , Chen Shutao , Sui Yang , Wang Xufang , Li Wei , Juan Chenxia , Zhou Yan , Gao Kun
Published: April 2023

Background
The evaluation of kidney injury severity is a crucial aspect of medical practice. At present, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) serves as the primary indicator for this assessment. Estimated GFR (eGFR) remains the most frequently utilized parameter in clinical settings. Numerous equations have been formulated based on serum creatinine (Scr) or serum cystatin C (Cysc) levels. However, there is a lack of consensus regarding the efficacy of these equations in assessing eGFR, particularly for elderly individuals in China. This study aimed to evaluate the applicability of the MDRD, MDRDc, CKD-EPI series, BIS1, and FAS equations within the Chinese elderly population.
Methods
A cohort of 298 elderly patients with measured GFR (mGFR) determined by the dual plasma sample clearance method using 99m-Technetium-diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid (99m Tc-DTPA) renal dynamic imaging was enrolled. The patients were categorized into three subgroups based on their mGFR levels. The eGFR performance was examined, taking into account bias, interquartile range (IQR), accuracy P30, and root-mean-square error (RMSE). Bland-Altman plots were employed to verify the validity of eGFR.
Results
The 298 participants had a median age of 71 years, with 167 (56.0%) being male. In reference to mGFR (48.77 ml/min/1.73 m2), the CKD-EPI-Scr, CKD-EPI-Cysc, CKD-EPI-Scr-Cysc, MDRD, MDRDc, FAS, and BIS1 equations estimated GFR at 50.38, 49.08, 45.28, 51.65, 54.00, 38.73, and 48.80 ml/min/1.73 m2, respectively. Overall, no significant differences in bias were observed among the seven equations (P > 0.05). In terms of IQR, P30, and RMSE, the BIS1 equation demonstrated superior accuracy compared to the other equations (14.61, 72.1%, and 13.53, respectively). When mGFR < 30ml/min/1.73m2, all equations underestimated the true GFR, with the highest accuracy reaching only 59%. Bland-Altman plots indicated that the BIS1 equation exhibited the highest accuracy, featuring a 95% confidence interval (CI) width of 52.37 when compared to the other equations.
Conclusions
This study suggested that the BIS1 equation stands out as the most applicable for estimating GFR in Chinese elderly patients with normal renal function or only moderate decline.
Environmental and economic determinants of temporal dynamics of the ruminant movement network of Senegal
Authors: Garcia Katherin Michelle Garcia , Apolloni Andrea , Giacomini Alessandra , Ciss Mamadou , Fall Mathioro , Gaye Adji Maréme , Arsevska Elena , Mesdour Asma , Chevanne Etienne , Rosso Fabrizio , Cardinale Eric , Diaw Cécile Squarzoni , Seck Ismaila , Lo Mbargou , Delabouglise Alexis
Published: April 2023

Our understanding of the divers of the temporal dynamics of livestock mobility networks is currently limited, despite their significant implications for the surveillance and control of infectious diseases. We analyzed the effect of time-varying environmental and economic variables - biomass production, rainfall, livestock market prices and religious calendar - on long distance movements of cattle and small ruminant herds in Senegal in years 2014 and 2019. We used principal component analysis to explore the variation of the hypothesized explanatory variables in space and time and a generalized additive modelling approach to assess the effect of those variables on the likelihood of herd movement between pairs of administrative units. Contrary to environmental variables, the patterns of variation of market prices show significant differences across locations. The explanatory variables at origin had the highest contribution to the model deviance reduction. Biomass production and rainfall were found to affect the likelihood of herd movement for both species on at least one year. Market price at origin had a strong and consistent effect on the departure of small ruminant herds. Our study shows the potential benefits of a regular monitoring of market prices for future efforts at forecasting livestock movements and associated sanitary risks.
A Study on Perioperative Complications of Splenectomy in Emergency & Elective Cases: a Short Term
Authors: NARZARY HIRANMOY NARZARY Dr HIRANMOY , SARKAR AMITABHA SARKAR DR AMITABHA
Published: April 2023

Splenectomy being one commonly performed surgeries throughout the world is well known to have many complications. Heterogeneity exists in presentation, some being hematological or chest infections. Due to advancement of medical science, complications have reduced. Yet still some exist despite precautions and vaguely recorded in literature. We aim to study the incidence of complications of splenectomy in elective & emergency settings during perioperative period to demonstrate the present status and discuss the future changes in preventing or treating complications.
Complex Endoleak Treatment After Failed Endovascular Aortic Repair
Authors: Raupach Jan , Masek Jan , Venugopal Sindharta , Renc Ondrej , Lesko Michal , Maly Radovan
Published: April 2023

Background
Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) has created new possibilities for patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs), and in recent years it has become tremendously popular. Use of EVAR in selected groups of patients allows mortality and morbidity to be reduced in comparison to open repair. However, complications such as endoleaks (ELs) can be of great concern and warrant urgent therapy to prevent sac rupture.
Case Presentation
The case report presents urgent endovascular treatment of a high-risk type IA EL in a polymorbid 68-year-old patient 7 years after primary EVAR. The principle of treatment was parallel implantation of the proximal SG extension with the renal SG into the right renal artery (chimney technique). The subsequent type II collateral EL was treated by direct transabdominal AAA sac puncture and thrombin embolization.
Conclusion
EL can be a cause for urgent intervention, but specific anatomic features often require specialized SG types which are not readily available. The chimney technique allows the use of immediately available stent grafts to address endoleak in the setting of impending abdominal aneurysm rupture.
Deformation error compensation by stiffness model of mechanical joint on a flexible track drilling robot for aircraft assembly
Authors: Li Zhihao , Tian Wei , Hu Junshan , Wang Min , Li Bo , Liao Wenhe
Published: April 2023

The level of automation and precision in aircraft assembly determines the effectiveness and quality of aircraft manufacturing. In contrast, the unstable localization accuracy resulting from the layout pattern of flexible track drilling robot has limited their further development and applications in domains with high machining accuracy requirements, such as aircraft assembly. This study begins by presenting the paradox between the need for high-precision drilling tasks during aircraft construction and the lack of accuracy of automated drilling equipment. The problem of self-precision loss due to flexible track drilling devices is examined in a new application scenario where the overall position and pose layout change with the location of the process station. Then, the characteristics of the weak rigidity of the transmission system of the flexible track drilling robot at the joint surface and the variation of the transmission axial load due to variations in the position and pose of the drilling process station are examined. In addition, an equivalent stiffness model is developed to predict the incremental error of the entire process station, and the incremental error conjecture due to the elastic deformation of the coupling surface of the transmission system is proposed as an optimization algorithm for global position accuracy compensation. Finally, the incremental error conjecture is discussed and validated by designing ablation test groups one by one and evaluating the effect of the precision compensation algorithm. Experimental results showed that the incremental error compensation method optimized 68.67 percent of the total error.
Silencing of the Vasa gene by RNA interference affects embryonic development and reproductive output in the sea louse Caligus rogercresseyi
Authors: Bustos Paulina , Schmitt Paulina , Brown Donald I. , Farlora Rodolfo
Published: April 2023

The sea louse Caligus rogercresseyi is a major ectoparasitic copepod that causes significant economic losses in the salmon farming industry. Despite recent advancements, the mechanisms underlying germline and embryo development in this species remain poorly understood. The Vasa gene encodes a highly conserved DEAD-box helicase, that is required for germ cell formation and function in many species. In this study, the Vasa gene was characterized in C. rogercresseyi, and its expression and function were analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Cr-Vasa gene product formed clusters in clades with Vasa proteins from closely related species of crustaceans. Cr-Vasa gene expression patterns were assessed by qPCR, and results showed a significantly higher relative expression level in adult females compared to copepodid, chalimus, and adult male stages. Tissue-specific localization of Cr-Vasa mRNA in C. rogercresseyi was determined using chromogenic in situ hybridization, and strong positive signal was observed in male testes, but also in the intestine and cuticle, while in females, it was observed in the ovaries, oocytes, cuticle, intestine, and egg strings. RNAi-mediated gene silencing of Cr-Vasa impacted embryonic development and reproductive output in adult female lice. Females from the dsVasa-treated group displayed unusual phenotypes, including shorter egg strings with numerous extra-embryonic inclusions, irregularly shaped abnormal embryos, and aborted egg strings. This study provides insights into the role of the Vasa gene in C. rogercresseyi embryonic development and reproductive output, which may have implications for the control of this parasitic copepod in the salmon farming industry.
Predictors of compliance with Iron Folic Acid Supplementation among pregnant women in North Shoa Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Ejara Daba , Ferede Amsal , Shifa Jemal Ebrahim , Bekele Fikadu , Ahmed Tahir
Published: April 2023

Background
Iron deficiency is the world's highly prevalent micronutrient deficiency, affecting more than 30% of the global population. Pregnant women commonly use iron folic acid (IFA) supplements to prevent iron deficiency, anemia and neural tube anomalies during gestation. IFA supplementation is a crucial component of antenatal care (ANC) in Ethiopia, although its efficacy and success have been hindered primarily by the non-compliance seen among women who are pregnant. Despite this, factors that determine the compliance of women to the recommended IFA supplementation are not well studied. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the predictors of compliance with IFA supplementation among pregnant women attending ANC.
Method
An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 302 pregnant women from March 20 – April 5, 2021. Based on the stated number of IFA pills consumed in the seven days prior to the survey, compliance with IFA supplementation was assessed. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select the study subjects. Face-to-face interviews were used to gather data using a pretested and structured questionnaire. Data were entered into epi-data and exported to SPSS for analysis. Binary logistic regression model was used and variables with a P-value < 0.25 in a bivariate analysis were included in multivariable logistic regression to identify independent predictors of compliance with IFA. Statistically significant was declared at P-value of 0.05 or lower.
Result
The compliance with Iron folic acid supplementation was 47.0% (95% CI: 43.1–51.2). Educational status of the women (AOR = 4.42; 95% CI: 1.32, 13.50), distance of ≤ 4km to health facility (AOR = 2.46; 95% CI: 1.32, 4.57), place of antenatal care follow-up (AOR = 2.23; 95%CI: 1.17, 4.51), family size (AOR = 4.99; 95% CI:2.43, 10.24) and source of information (AOR = 5.52; 95%CI: 1.30, 23.54) were found to be independent predictors of pregnant women’s compliance with IFA supplementation.
Conclusion
Less than half of the pregnant women were compliant with iron folic acid utilization. Generally, educational status, distance to the health facility, family size, and source of information were the major reasons for compliance with iron folic acid utilization.
Single-cell RNA-Seq reveals the pseudo-temporal dynamic evolution characteristics of ADSC-induced differentiation into neurons
Authors: Zhang Pingshu , Liu Qing , Ou Ya , Li Jing , Long Qingxi , Zhang Lil , Li Wen , Yuan Xiaodong
Published: April 2023

Adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSC) has been frequently employed in the field of regenerative medicine. The molecular mechanism and genetic features of ADSC development into nerve cells, however, are unknown. This study used single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq) to reveal the features of gene expression changes during ADSC differentiation into neurons. We sequencd cells of ADSC group, the pri-1d group, and the induced 1h, 3h, 5h, 6h, and 8h groups using the BD Rhapsody platform. t-SNE ,Monocle2,GO,KEGG,and other algorithms were used to analyze sequence data. Results: From 7 groups, a total of 38453 cells were collected. 7 groups cells were divided into 0-13 clusters. ADSCs were located at the beginning of the trajectory by Monocle2 structured ,and the cells induced for 6h and 8h were largely dispersed in1st and 2nd branches of trajectory. The 5h-inducecells were primarily distributed in the trajectory' endpoints of 1st and 2nd branches. The GO items including cellular protein metabolism, cell adhesion, endocytosis, cell migration were enriched by up-regulated DEGs at 5h after induction. The KEGG analysis showed that induced 6h,8h groups mainly enriched pathways were oxidative phosphorylation, glutathione metabolism, Parkinson disease, Huntington disease, Alzheimer's disease, and other pathways. Conclusion: Two distinct cell state mechanisms primarily stimulate ADSCs to develop into mature neurons. By the fifth hour following induction, ADSCs had developed into mature neurons. The differentiated cells will experience aging-related degenerative changes if the induction response is kept up, and their physiological functions will also deteriorate.
Integrated whole transcriptome profiling of circRNAs reveals a convoluted crosstalk in competing endogenous RNAs regulatory network in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Mollanoori Hasan , Ghelmani Yaser , Hassani Bita , Dehghani Mohammadreza
Published: April 2023

Recently it has been identified that circRNAs can act as miRNAs sponge to regulate gene expression in various types of cancers to associate with cancer initiation and progression. The present study aims to identify colorectal cancer-related circRNAs and the underpinning mechanisms of circRNA/miRNA/mRNA networks in the development and progress of Colorectal Cancer. Differentially expressed circRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs were identified in GEO microarray datasets using the Limma package of R. Differentially expressed circRNAs analysis resulted in 23 upregulated and 31 downregulated circRNAs. CeRNAs networks were constructed by intersecting the results of predicted and experimentally validated databases, circbank and miRWalk, and DEMs and DEGs analysis using Cytoscape. Then, the functional enrichment analysis was performed for DEGs included in ceRNA networks. Followed by survival analysis, expression profile validation using TCGA and GEO data, and ROC curve analysis we reached a ceRNA sub-networks which revealed the potential regulatory effect of hsa_circ_0001955 and hsa_circ_0071681 on the survival-related genes, KLF4, MYC, CCNA2, RACGAP1, and CD44. Overall, we constructed a convoluted regulatory network and the likely mechanisms of its action in CRC, which may contribute to developing more effective approaches for early diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of CRC.
On Eulerian semigroups of multivariate transformations and their cryptographic applications
Authors: Ustimenko Vasyl
Published: April 2023

The intersection of Commutative and Multivariate cryptography contains studies of cryptographic applications of subsemigroups and subgroups of affine Cremona semigroups defined over finite commutative ring K. We consider special semigroups of transformations of the variety (K*)n, K=Fq or K=Zm defined via multiplications of variables.
Efficiently computed homomorphisms between such subsemigroups can be used in Post Quantum key exchange protocols and in their inverse versions when correspondents elaborate mutually inverse transformations of (K*)n.
The security of these schemes is based on a complexity of decomposition problem for element of the semigroup into product of given generators. We introduce combination of inverse versions of these schemes with cryptosystems based on stable subsemigroups of Cremona group which use encryption and decryption multivariate maps with the density gap.
MSC 2010: 11T71, 14G50
Geochemical study of the sediments in main wadis eastern part of Mosul city, Iraq
Authors: Al-Dabbagh Ali Hashim , Al-Youzbakey Kotayba Tawfiq
Published: April 2023

The geochemical changes in the sediments along streams make it possible to predict the processes on the earth's surface, such as weathering, transport, cation exchange, etc. The sediments can also give an environmental indication and the ability to understand the geological situation more clearly. In addition to the sediments being the main sink of heavy elements, they may be a source of pollution with these elements. The study area is situated on the eastern side of Mosul in northern Iraq. Valleys of (Al-Rashediya, Al-Kharrazi, Al-Khosar Al-Danffilli, and Al-Shor) descend from these high areas towards the Tigris River. The sediments of these valleys consist of various components, such as clay minerals, organic matter, iron oxides, carbonates, etc., and heavy elements that are part of or adsorbed on these components. Thirty-six samples were collected from the sediments of these valleys. They were chemically analyzed using the x-ray fluorescence technique to diagnose the chemical composition of these sediments. Several statistical processes were conducted to determine the distribution of heavy elements in the sediments, including the correlation coefficient and factor analysis, which resulted in four principal components representing 80.86% of the total variance. The first, third, and fourth components represent the influence of the weathering and transport factor on the different parent rocks, while the second component represents the human influence factor. The impact of industrial, civil, and agricultural activities on these valleys was studied using a set of pollution indices such as the geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and the enrichment factor (EF). The highest concentrations were in Al-Danffilli valley, especially in the industrial sector, which means that these sites have high levels of pollution compared to other sites that were polluted at lower rates and sometimes not.
Assessing the susceptibility and efficacy of three public health, insecticides, chlorfenapyr, clothianidin, and pyriproxyfen, on wild pyrethroid-resistant populations of Anopheles gambiae s.l. from southern Benin
Authors: Zoungbédji David Mahouton , Padonou Germain Gil , Konkon Alphonse Keller , Steve Hougbe , Sagbohan Hermann , Kpanou Casimir , Salako Albert Sourou , Ossè Razaki , Aïkpon Rock , Afoukou Cyriaque , Sidick Aboubakar , Akinro Bruno , Chitou Saïd , Gnanguénon Virgile , Condo Patrick , Hassani Ahmed Saadani , Impoinvil Daniel , Akogbéto Martin
Published: April 2023

Background: The objective of this study was to determine the susceptibility of wild Anopheles gambiaes.l. from southern Benin to the new insecticides (chlorfenapyr (CFP), pyriproxyfen (PPF), and clothianidin (CTD)) and assess the efficacy of insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) that contain these new products.
Methods: Wild Anopheles gambiae s.l. from the Benin communes of Allada, Ifangni, Akpro-Missérété, and Porto-Novo were tested for their susceptibility to CFP and PPF using the WHO bottle tests, and pyrethroids (alpha-cypermethrin, deltamethrin, and permethrin) and CTD using WHO tube tests. WHO cone tests were used to evaluate the efficacy of Interceptor® (which contains alpha-cypermethrin (ACM) only), Interceptor® G2, (CFP + ACM), and Royal Guard® nets (PPF + ACM). The ovaries of blood-fed Anopheles gambiae s.l. from Ifangni exposed to a new PPF net were dissected, and egg development status was examined using Christopher’s stages to determine the fertility status of the mosquitoes. Using a standardized protocol, the oviposition rate and oviposition inhibition rate were calculated from live blood-fed Anopheles gambiae s.l. placed in oviposition chambers after exposure to PPF.
Results. In all four mosquito populations, pyrethroid mortality ranged from 5% to 80%, while chlorfenapyr and clothianidin mortality ranged from 98% to 100%. At Ifangni, all mosquitoes exposed to Royal Guard® nets were infertile (100%) while the majority (74.9%) of mosquitoes exposed to Interceptor® nets had fully developed their eggs to Christopher’s stage V. The oviposition inhibition rate after exposure of the mosquitoes to the PPF was 99% for the wild population of Anopheles gambiaes.l. and the susceptible laboratory strain, Anopheles gambiae Kisumu.
Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles gambiaes.l. from the selected communes in southern Benin are susceptible to chlorfenapyr, clothianidin, and pyriproxyfen. In addition, based on bioassay results, Interceptor® G2 and Royal Guard® nets are probably effective in Ifangni. Despite the availability of new effective insecticides, continued vigilance is needed in Benin. Therefore, monitoring of resistance to these insecticides will continue to periodically update the Benin national insecticide resistance database and management plan.
Sonodynamic therapy and Magnetic Resonance-guided Focused Ultrasound: new therapeutic strategy in Glioblastoma
Authors: Bonosi Lapo , Marino Silvia , Benigno Umberto Emanuele , Musso Sofia , Buscemi Felice , Giardina Kevin , Gerardi Rosamaria , Lara Brunasso , Costanzo Roberta , Iacopino Domenico Gerardo , Maugeri Rosario
Published: April 2023

Glioblastoma (GB) is one of the most aggressive and difficult-to-treat brain tumors, with a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. In recent years, sonodynamic therapy (SDT) and magnetic resonance focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) have emerged as promising approaches for the treatment of GB. SDT uses ultrasound waves in combination with a sonosensitizer to selectively damage cancer cells, while MRgFUS delivers high-intensity ultrasound waves to precisely target tumor tissue and disrupt the blood-brain barrier to enhance drug delivery. In this review, we explore the potential of SDT as a novel therapeutic strategy for GBM. We discuss the principles of SDT, its mechanisms of action, and the preclinical and clinical studies that have investigated its use in Gliomas. We also highlight the challenges, the limitations, and the future perspectives of SDT. Overall, SDT and MRgFUS hold promise as novel and potentially complementary treatment modalities for GB. Further research is needed to optimize their parameters and determine their safety and efficacy in humans, but their potential for selective and targeted tumor destruction makes them an exciting area of investigation in the field of brain cancer therapy.
Genetic Diversity and population structure of Selected tef Core Germplasm Lines Based on Microsatellite Markers
Authors: Adugna Derejaw Tesfa , - Tileye Feyissa , - Kebebew Assefa
Published: April 2023

Tef is an indigenous and important food, feed and cash crop to the small-holder Ethiopian farmers. Knowledge of the natural genetic composition of the crop provides the option to further exploit its genetic potential through breeding. However, there are insufficient reports on the genetic variability of Ethiopian tef using a medium-throughput marker system. Hence, the current study was designed to evaluate the genetic variability of released and core germplasm which were collected earlier. Eighty-one tef genotypes collected from eight Ethiopian ecological zones and release variety were targeted using 14 SSR markers. The study ensued a total of 122.43 alleles through the entire loci and populations. All the used microsatellite loci were highly polymorphic with PIC ranging from 0.96 to 0.98 and mean of 0.976. The analysis showed the presence of high allelic diversity ranging from 0.94 to 0.97 with overall mean of 0.96. The molecular variance analysis indicated the existence of large genetic differentiation (FIS and FIT=0.87) with 86% and 13% of the total variation accounted by among genotypes within population and across from all population respectively. Whereas low genetic differentiation among population (FST=0.014. which accounts 1 %.) was observed. Multivariate analysis like clustering, and PCoA, analysis did not cluster genotypes into distinct groups according to their geographical areas of population. This is due to presumably gene flow among populations. The information of this study may be used as input for breeders in selecting breeding materials.
Comorbidities and sex differences in chronic heart failure of ischemic etiology
Authors: Oleksii	Khaniukov  , Pesotskaya Lyudmyla , Sapozhnychenko Liudmyla , Dziuba Serhii
Published: April 2023

Background: Comorbidities and sex differences play a major role in chronic heart failure (CHF). However, it is unknown whether the prevalence of comorbidities differs between heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, mildly reduced ejection fraction, and reduced ejection fraction in men and women.
Methods: We examined 216 patients with chronic heart failure, whose main etiological factor was ischemic heart disease. We studied gender differences and the prevalence of cardiac and extracardiac comorbidities based on the left ventricular ejection fraction.
Results: Chronic heart failure of ischemic etiology was significantly more common in men than in women, with a prevalence of 68.1% and 31.9%, respectively. Moreover, women were older than men at the time of hospitalization. Arterial hypertension was significantly more frequent among patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, with a prevalence of 92% (p<0.05). Men are more predisposed to heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, while women predominate in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Extracardiac comorbidities among patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction were represented by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (13.1%), congestive pneumonia (6.6%), and a history of stroke or transient ischemic attack (11.5%). Patients with heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction were more likely to have nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (51.9%), as well as renal and thyroid dysfunction (27.1% and 24.3%, respectively), compared to patients with preserved ejection fraction.
Conclusions: The results obtained from this study confirm and supplement the existing data regarding the prevalence of chronic heart failure, gender differences, and the impact of comorbidities on the clinical status and prognosis of patients with chronic heart failure.