bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ITGB3 is reduced in pregnancies with preeclampsia and its influence on biological behavior of trophoblast cells
Authors: Li Chunyan , Meng Yanan , Zhou Beibei , Zhang Yanrong , Xia Qing , Huang Yu , Meng Li , Shan Chunjian , Xia Jiaai , Zhang Xiangdi , Wang Qiuhong , Lv Mingming , Long Wei
Published: December 2024

Background

Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious pregnancy complication associated with impaired trophoblast function. Integrin β3 (ITGB3) is a cell adhesion molecule that plays a role in cell movement. The objective of this study was to identify the biological function and expression level of ITGB3 in PE.

Methods

Cell proliferation, migration, invasion, adhesion, and apoptosis were estimated by CCK8 assay, transwell, scratch assays, and flow cytometry, respectively. The expression levels of ITGB3 were determined by qRT-PCR, western blot, and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Co-immunoprecipitation and Alphafold-Multimer protein complex structure prediction software were employed to identify the molecules that interact with ITGB3.

Results

Cell functional experiments conducted on HTR8/SVneo cells demonstrated that ITGB3 significantly enhanced proliferation, migration, invasion, and adhesion, while simultaneously inhibiting apoptosis. Relative ITGB3 expression levels were observed to be lower in PE placental tissue than in normal tissue and similarly reduced in hypoxic HTR8/SVneo cells. RNA-sequencing data from PE placental samples in the GEO database were analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes associated with the disease. We identified a total of 1460 mRNAs that were significantly differentially expressed in PE patients. Specifically, 798 mRNAs were significantly upregulated, and 662 mRNAs were significantly downregulated. Notably, the ITGB3 exhibited a pronounced down-regulation among the differential expression mRNA.

Conclusions

This study suggested that ITGB3 plays an important role in promoting the proliferative, migratory, invasive, and adhesive capabilities of trophoblast cells. These findings may facilitate a more in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanisms that promote PE progression.
Crosstalk between cancer-associated fibroblasts and non-neuroendocrine tumor cells in small cell lung cancer involves in glycolysis and antigen-presenting features
Authors: Lu Yuanhua , Li Hui , Zhao Peiyan , Wang Xinyue , Shao Wenjun , Liu Yan , Tian Lin , Zhong Rui , Liu Haifeng , Cheng Ying
Published: December 2024

Background

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly fatal malignancy, the complex tumor microenvironment (TME) is a critical factor affecting SCLC progression. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are crucial components of TME, yet their role in SCLC and the underlying mechanisms during their interaction with SCLC cells remain to be determined.

Methods

Microenvironmental cell components were estimated using transcriptome data from SCLC tissue available in public databases, analyzed with bioinformatic algorithms. A co-culture system comprising MRC5 fibroblasts and SCLC cell lines was constructed. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed on co-cultured and separately cultured MRC5 and H196 cells to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and enriched signaling pathways. Glycolysis and STING signaling in SCLC cells were assessed using glucose uptake assays, qRT-PCR, and Western blot analysis. Immunohistochemical staining of SCLC tissue arrays quantified α-SMA, HLA-DRA and CD8 expression.

Results

Non-neuroendocrine (non-NE) SCLC-derived CAFs exhibited more abundance and DEGs than NE SCLC-derived CAFs did, which interact with non-NE SCLC cells can induce the enrichment of glycolysis-related genes, increasement of glucose uptake, upregulation of glycolytic signaling proteins in non-NE SCLC cells and accumulation of lactate in the extracellular environment, confirming CAF-mediated glycolysis promotion. Additionally, glycolysis-induced ATP production activated STING signaling in non-NE SCLC cells, which upregulated T cell chemo-attractants. However, CAF abundance did not correlate with CD8 + T cell numbers in SCLC tissues. Additionally, non-NE SCLC cell-educated CAFs exhibited features of antigen-presenting CAFs (apCAFs), as indicated by the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. Co-localization of HLA-DRA and α-SMA signals in SCLC tissues confirmed apCAF presence. The apCAFs and CD8 + T cells were co-located in the SCLC stroma, and there was a positive correlation between CAFs and regulatory T cell (Treg) abundance.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that crosstalk between CAFs and non-NE SCLC cells promotes glycolysis in non-NE SCLC cells, thereby increase T cell chemo-attractant expression via activating STING signaling. On the other hand, it promotes the presence of apCAFs, which probably contributes to CD8 + T cell trapping and Treg differentiation. This study emphasizes the pro-tumor function of CAFs in SCLC by promoting glycolysis and impairing T cell function, providing direction for the development of novel therapeutic approaches targeting CAF in SCLC.
A cross-sectional and longitudinal evaluation of serum creatinine as a biomarker in spinal muscular atrophy
Authors: Zhao Xin , Gong Zhenxiang , Luo Han , Li Zehui , Gao Rong , Yang Kangqin , Deng Wenhua , Peng Sirui , Ba Li , Liu Yang , Zhang Min
Published: December 2024

Objective

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive neuromuscular disease characterized by proximal muscle weakness and atrophy. The increasing availability of disease-modifying therapies has prompted the development of biomarkers to facilitate clinical assessments. We explored the association between disease severity and serum creatinine (Crn) levels in SMA patients undergoing up to two years of treatment with nusinersen.

Methods

We measured serum Crn levels and assessed function performance using the Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale-Expanded (HFMSE), Medical Research Council Scale (MRC), 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), ulnar Compound Muscle Action Potential (CMAP), and forced vital capacity (FVC) in a cohort comprising 28 adolescent and adult patients with SMA. The association between Crn and disease severity was investigated through partial rank correlation analysis and linear mixed models while accounting for age, gender, and BMI. Linear models were employed to predict functional performance.

Results

28 SMA patients and 28 gender- and age-matched healthy controls (HCs) were included, resulting in a dataset of 185 visits. Compared to HCs, SMA patients exhibited significantly lower Crn values ​​(67.4 ± 14 vs. 23.7 ± 14.8 umol/L, p<0.0001). After adjusting for age, sex, and BMI, Crn showed positive correlations with the HFMSE (p<0.0001, r = 0.884), MRC (p<0.0001, r = 0.827), FVC (p = 0.002, r = 0.730), and ulnar CMAP (p<0.0001, r = 0.807). Patients with SMN2 copy number ≥ 4 had nearly twice as high Crn levels as those with SMN2 copy number < 4 (34.1 ± 3.75 vs. 17.2 ± 2.52 umol/L, p = 0.00145). Ambulant SMA patients had more than double the Crn levels compared to non-ambulant ones (32 ± 2.33 vs. 12.9 ± 2.38 umol/L, p<0.0001). Furthermore, Crn explained that up to 83.5% of the variance in functional performance measured by HFMSE, MRC, and 6MWT was significantly higher than that of traditional biomarkers.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that Crn may be a potential biomarker for assessing disease severity in adolescents and adults with SMA, demonstrating its promise in clinical applications.
Evaluation of factors associated with immunoglobulin, protein, fat and lactose concentrations in colostrum of dairy cows from Austria
Authors: Lichtmannsperger Katharina , Hechenberger Nicole , Hartsleben Christina , Psenner Ariane , Marseiler Maren , Tichy Alexander , Albert Thiemo , Wittek Thomas
Published: December 2024

Background

Calves rely on the passive transfer with immunoglobulins derived from colostrum. Currently, there is a lack of knowledge on colostrum management practices and colostrum quality on small scale family-owned dairy farms in Austria. The objectives of this study were to describe factors that are associated with immunoglobulin, protein, fat and lactose concentrations in dairy cow colostrum from the federal state of Salzburg. Therefore, an online questionnaire was designed to gather information on general farm characteristics. Further, the farmers collected individual colostrum samples and completed a detailed accompanying questionnaire for each sample. Immunoglobulin levels were determined by using a Brix refractometer and protein, fat and lactose by standardized laboratory methods. Linear mixed effect models were built to test factors associated with colostrum immunoglobulin, fat, protein and lactose concentrations.

Results

In total, 1,050 colostrum samples from 72 dairy farms were collected. The number of calvings per year was distributed as follows: ≤10 calvings: 8.3% of the farms, 11 to 20: 31.9%, 21 to 30: 29.2%, 31 to 40: 15.3% and ≥ 41 calvings: 15.3%. Overall, the median Brix value was 22.0% (7.3–36.1%). The number of samples with good and poor-quality colostrum was 517 and 528, respectively. Cow-level factors significantly affecting colostrum Brix% were parity, calving season, ante partum colostrum leakage, time lag between parturition and colostrum collection. In total, a subset of 307 colostrum samples from 39 farms from pure-breed dual-purpose Simmental cows were further analysed for protein, fat and lactose concentration. The median concentration for fat was 5.1% (0.5–18.5%), protein 14.6% (4.2–27.5%) and lactose 2.3% (0.2–5.0%). The cow-level factors affecting protein concentration were similar to the factors influencing Brix%. Fat concentration was influenced by the time lag between calving and colostrum collection and by parity.

Conclusions

The present study confirmed the factors, which are currently known to have an impact on colostrum quality. This was the first large scale approach in the federal state of Salzburg to survey colostrum management including colostrum sample collection. The range of colostrum quality was wide (7.3% Brix to 36.1% Brix) therefore many calves will be at risk of receiving poor quality colostrum as defined by a Brix of ≤ 22%.
LINC01094 promotes gastric cancer through dual targeting of CDKN1A by directly binding RBMS2 and HDAC1
Authors: Zhou Xinyi , Gu Cheng , Xiao Linmei , Hu Li , Chen Guanhua , Zuo Fei , Shao Hongan , Fei Bojian
Published: December 2024

Background

Accumulating studies have focused on long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) because of their regulatory effects on multiple cancers. However, the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs in gastric cancer (GC) remain to be elucidated in depth.

Methods

Long intergenic nonprotein coding RNA 1094 (LINC01094), a differentially expressed lncRNA between GC tissues and adjacent normal tissues, was identified. Moreover, gain- and loss-of-function experiments in vitro and in vivo were carried out. To understand the mechanisms underlying the regulatory effects of LINC01094, we performed RNA pull-down assays, RNA immunoprecipitation assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, luciferase reporter assays, etc.

Results

LINC01094 was markedly upregulated in GC tissues and cell lines, and LINC01094 upregulation was positively correlated with GC malignant behaviours in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, LINC01094 downregulated the expression of CDKN1A by interacting with RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 2 (RBMS2) and histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1). Additionally, LINC01094 was confirmed to sponge miR-128-3p and participate in the LINC01094-miR-128-3p-RUNX family transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) feedback loop. Finally, Ro 5-3335, a validated RUNX1 inhibitor, was explored for anticancer drug development in GC.

Conclusions

The LINC01094-miR-128-3p-RUNX1 feedback loop downregulates CDKN1A and promotes GC cooperatively with RBMS2 and HDAC1. Furthermore, Ro 5-3335 may hold promising therapeutic potential in the treatment of GC. Hence, our study found an oncogenic lncRNA, LINC01094, which could be a promising target for cancer treatment and diagnosis.

Graphical Abstract
Improved efficacy of therapeutic HPV DNA vaccine using intramuscular injection with electroporation compared to conventional needle and needle-free jet injector methods
Authors: Peng Shiwen , Fan Darrell , Tu Hsin-Fang , Cheng Michelle , Arend Rebecca C. , Levinson Kimberly , Tao Julia , Roden Richard B. S. , Hung Chien-Fu , Wu T.-C.
Published: December 2024

Background

We have previously developed a candidate therapeutic HPV DNA vaccine (pBI-11) encoding mycobacteria heat shock protein 70 linked to HPV16/18 E6/E7 proteins for the control of advanced HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer (NCT05799144). While naked DNA vaccines are readily produced, stable, and well tolerated, their potency is limited by the delivery efficiency. Here we compared three different IM delivery strategies, including intramuscular (IM) injection, either with a needle alone or with electroporation at the injection site, and a needle-free injection system (NFIS), for their ability to elicit gene expression and to improve the potency of pBI-11 DNA vaccine.

Results

We found that electroporation after IM injection significantly increases gene expression from a luciferase-encoding DNA construct compared to IM injection alone or NFIS. We also showed that single administration of pBI-11 DNA via electroporation-mediated delivery generates the greatest increase in HPV antigen-specific CD8 + T cell-mediated immune responses, resulting in the most potent antitumor effect compared to the other two methods. We further compared the response to three repeat immunizations via each of these different methods. We found that electroporation-mediated delivery of pBI-11 DNA generates the greatest HPV antigen-specific CD8 + T cell immune responses and therapeutic antitumor effects compared to the other two methods. Monitoring of mouse behaviors and body weight, and necropsy indicated that electroporation-mediated delivery of clinical grade pBI-11 DNA vaccine was well-tolerated and presented no evident local or systemic toxicity.

Conclusions

These findings provide rationale for clinical testing of pBI-11 DNA vaccine delivered by electroporation for the control of HPV16/18-associated infections and/or cancers.
Predictive role of [18F]FDG PET-CT radiomic parameters for KRAS/BRAF/EGFR mutations in metastatic colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Ali Magdi A. , Zahra Omar Shebl , Morsi Mohmed I. , El Safwany Mohamed M. , El Feky Shaymaa Essam
Published: December 2024

Objectives

The objective of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose [18F]FDG positron emission tomography (PET-CT) radiomic parameters in relation to KRAS/BRAF/EGFR mutations in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).

Methods

Blood samples were collected from 90 mCRC patients to assess KRAS G13V, BRAF V600E, and EGFR exon 20 mutations. [18F]FDG PET-CT scans were performed, and radiomic parameters, including the SUV max, max TBR, total MTV, and total TLG, were calculated and correlated with different genotypes and haplotypes of the aforementioned mutations.

Results

The SUV max, TLG, and TBR were significantly greater in patients with the KRAS G13V and BRAF V600E mutations than in patients with the wild-type genotype. The SUVmax was also significantly greater in patients with EGFR exon 20 mutations. Haplotype analysis revealed that the SUVmax was significantly greater in patients with KRAS/BRAF/EGFR mutations than in other patients, with a specificity of 68.18% and sensitivity of 65.28%.

Conclusion

The results suggest that [18F] FDG PET-CT radiomic parameters, particularly the SUV max, have the potential to serve as noninvasive tools for predicting the KRAS/BRAF/EGFR mutation status in mCRC patients.
Higher Circulating Resistin Levels Linked to Increased Sarcopenia Risk in Older Adults
Authors: Kwak Mi Kyung , Baek Ji Yeon , Park So Jeong , Jung Hee-Won , Lee Eunju , Jang Il-Young , Ji Eunhye , Hong Eun-Gyoung , Jo Yunju , Ryu Dongryeol , Kim Beom-Jun
Published: December 2024

Context

Experimental evidence indicates that resistin, an adipokine, negatively impacts muscle metabolism by hindering myogenesis.

Objective

To explore resistin's potential as a biomarker of muscle health in humans by examining the relationship between circulating resistin levels and sarcopenia in older adults.

Design and Setting

A case-control study conducted in a geriatric clinical unit.

Participants

The study included 247 individuals aged 65 and older who underwent comprehensive geriatric evaluations.

Main Outcome Measures

Sarcopenia was defined based on Asian-specific thresholds, with serum resistin concentrations measured using an ELISA.

Results

After adjusting for sex, age, fat mass, smoking, osteoarthritis, and diabetes, participants with sarcopenia, low muscle mass, and weak muscle strength exhibited at least 27.0% higher circulating resistin concentrations than controls (P = .002-.003). Elevated serum resistin levels were inversely associated with skeletal muscle mass, gait speed, and the short physical performance battery score and positively associated with the time to complete 5 chair stands (P = .019-.048). Higher serum resistin levels were linked to an increased risk of sarcopenia, low muscle mass, and weak muscle strength (all P = .005). Finally, participants in the highest resistin quartile had at least 3 times higher odds of having adverse muscle outcomes compared to those in the lowest quartile (P = .007-.029).

Conclusion

This study set out to establish a link between blood resistin levels and sarcopenia, suggesting that circulating resistin may serve as a potential biomarker reflecting poor muscle health in humans.
EGFR Mutation Rates Correlate with Age at Diagnosis and Tumor Characteristics in Patients with Pulmonary Ground-Glass Opacities
Authors: Tang Wen-Fang , Qiu Zhen-Bin , Chu Xiang-Peng , Zeng Yu-Mei , Hu Yi-Bin , Tang Xuan , Yu Ye-Feng , Li Wen-Hao , Zhong Wen-Zhao , Huang Wei-Zhao , Liang Yi
Published: December 2024

Background

To clearly reveal the correlations between tumor characteristics, age at diagnosis, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation rates in patients with pulmonary ground-glass opacities (GGOs).

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed 1473 patients with GGOs between January 2015 and May 2020 from two cancer centers. The tumor characteristics and EGFR mutation rates were compared between different age groups. Multivariate logistic regression was fitted to analyze the relationship between age, tumor characteristics, and EGFR mutation rates.

Results

The older patients had more large tumors, mixed GGOs with a consolidation-to-tumor ratio (CTR) of >0.5, and invasive adenocarcinoma (IAC) and pathologic stage IA2–IB. Overall, the rate of EGFR mutations in GGOs was 57.3% and the main subtypes were L858R and 19del mutations. The distribution of EGFR subtypes varied in different age and GGO diameter groups. Age (p = 0.036), GGO types (p = 0.005), tumor diameter (p = 0.039), and pathological types (p < 0.001) were significant predictors for EGFR mutation status. Importantly, significant differences in EGFR mutation rates between age groups were mainly observed in the GGO ≤2 cm diameter (p < 0.001), pure GGOs (p = 0.001), and IAC (p = 0.039) cohorts. Overall, those diagnosed at >50 years of age had a 47.0% increased likelihood of harboring EGFR mutations. Compared with the older group, the increased chance of harboring EGFR mutations for patients with larger tumors, mixed GGOs, and IAC was greater in the younger group.

Conclusions

The EGFR mutation rates were varied among different tumor characteristics and age at diagnosis. These findings provide new insights into the treatment of GGOs.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FUNGICIDES AND FOLIAR FERTILIZATION IN PROTECTING SPRING SOFT WHEAT IN THE SOUTH OF WESTERN SIBERIA
Authors: Ledovsky Evgeniy N. , Doronin Vladimir G. , Pakhotina Irina V.
Published: December 2024

In years with favorable moisture in the south of Western Siberia, the loss of springwheat grain yield from leaf-stem infections increases sharply to 30% or more. The use of fungicides in combination with foliar feeding allows not only to preserve the crop, but also to improve its quality indicators. The studies were conducted in 2018-2021. The soil of the experimental plot is chernozem-meadow, heavy loamy. Four-field grain-fallow crop rotation, predecessor – wheat after fallow. Two-factor field experiment, plot area 25 m2, four-fold repetition. The purpose of the work is to assess the biological effectiveness of tank mixtures of fungicides with urea and liquid complex fertilizer (LCF) on the yield and quality of spring wheat grain. The average infestation of crops by powdery mildew over 4 years is 21,8%, maximum in 2018 – 30,5, rust species in 2019 – 68, average – 52,4, in the dry year 2021 – 1.0%. The incidence of septoria is insignificant, with a maximum of 8,6% in 2019. Treatment of crops with complex fertilizer reduced the development of powdery mildew to 32, types of rust to 61,6, septoria to 28,8%, and to a lesser extent when working with urea. On average, the biological effectiveness of the variants with Abacus Ultra, a fungicide based on triazole and strobilurin, was higher and ranged from 52,5 to 99,8%, and the drug Title Trio based on triazoles was lower, from 45,7 to 97,3%. Tank mixtures of fungicides and fertilizers did not reduce their effectiveness against spring wheat diseases. Fertilizing with liquid complex fertilizer provided the most stable and significant increase in grain yield over the research period – 0,63, urea 10 kg/ha – 0,46, 15 kg/ha – 0,40 t/ha. The greatest increase – 1,21 t/ha – was provided by a tank mixture with Abacus Ultra + liquid and liquid fertilizers, and economic efficiency, respectively, was 23,8-37,5%. A fungicide containing strobilurin (pyraclostrobin) has been shown to be highly effective in increasing the quality parameters of wheat grain.
ESTIMATING THE CARBON FOOTPRINT OF COVER CROPS AND VARIOUS METHODS OF ITS PROCESSING
Authors: Danilova Natal'ya , Kamalova Alina , Kurynceva Polina , Safin Radik , Selivanovskaya Svetlana
Published: December 2024

The aim of the research is to evaluate the impact of cover crops on CO2 emissions into the atmosphere by calculating the carbon footprint during the cultivation of white mustard (Sinapis alba L.) and oilseed radish (Raphanus sativus var. oleiferus), followed by incorporating the biomass into the soil. The study was conducted at the experimental field of the Agrobiotechnology park of Kazan State Agrarian University in the village of Narmonka, Laishevsky District, Kazan, from May to September 2023. The soil at the experimental site is gray forest soil, sandy loam in texture. The field experiment included growing cover crops followed by incorporating the biomass into the soil using three methods: traditional plowing, disking, and mowing without soil treatment. The total CO2 emissions from soil respiratory activity in plots with white mustard during mowing, disking, and plowing over the growing season amounted to 361, 469, and 674 kg CO2/ha, respectively; while for oilseed radish under the same treatments, emissions were 368, 501, and 684 kg CO2/ha. The total CO2 emissions from agricultural practices ranged from 93 to 130 kg CO2/ha depending on the last treatment method used. The CO2 captured in plant biomass significantly differed depending on the crop type: for white mustard, it was 18.605 kg CO2/ha; for oilseed radish, it was 10.560 kg CO2/ha. The calculated carbon balance showed that the difference in carbon dioxide emissions (∆CO2) when mowing white mustard was -18.145 kg/ha; for disking -18.004 kg/ha; and for plowing -17.791 kg/ha. For oilseed radish, lower values were established: -10.107 kg/ha; -9.991 kg/ha; and -9.756 kg/ha, respectively. Growing white mustard is an effective method for capturing carbon from atmospheric air. The carbon balance is most influenced by the amount of carbon captured in plant biomass and the agricultural practices applied.
INFLUENCE OF ZEOLITE AND METALLOCENE ON PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF POTATOES
Authors: Prishchepenko Elena , Khismatullin Mars , Rahmanova Gul'nara
Published: December 2024

The research was conducted to study the effect of zeolite and metallocene (Cu) together with mineral fertilizers on the yield and quality of potatoes of domestic and foreign varieties. The work was carried out in 2020-2021 in the Republic of Tatarstan on gray forest heavy loamy soil, which was characterized by the following agrochemical indicators: humus - 3.2%, pHKCl - 6.8 units, Hg - 0.7 mg-eq/100 g, S - 23.12 mg-eq/100 g, alkali. - 84.0 mg/kg, R2O5 and K2O (according to Kirsanov) ‒ 143 and 107 mg/kg, respectively. The study used a randomized complex block project with three repetitions. The total area of the experimental site was 74.7 m2, the estimated area was 35 m2. The experimental scheme included a variant without fertilizers (control), three backgrounds of mineral fertilizers (N100P120K120, N120P140K140, N140P170K170) with the addition of zeolite at a dose of 5 t/ha, metallocene (Cu) at a dose of 2 l/ha as foliar top dressing in the budding phase, or a combination of all these. The combined use of N140P170K170, zeolite and metallocene (Cu) ensured a maximum increase in the yield of the domestic potato variety Salsa to 28.84 t/ha and the foreign variety Arosa to 26.04 t/ha, or 2.2 and 1.8 times, respectively, compared with the control. At the same time, the starch content increased from 21.1% to 23.2% and from 21.6% to 25.2%, respectively, and the dry matter content increased from 13.9% to 16.0% and from 14.4% to 18.0%.
TOTAL PROTEIN CONTENT IN GRAIN AND GROSS PROTEIN YIELD WITH GRAIN CROP UNDER DIFFERENT FERTILIZER APPLICATION SCHEMES FOR WINTER RYE (SECALE CEREALE L.)
Authors: Petrovceva Natal'ya , Pasynkova Elena
Published: December 2024

Efficient use of soil nitrogen by winter rye presumably requires a source of readily available potassium, especially in the spring tillering phase. The aim of research was to study the protein content in winter rye grain and the gross protein yield with grain crop under different ammonium and potassium nitrate application schemes to improve the fertilizer application system for the crop. The work was carried out in 2019-2021 in Leningrad region on winter rye plants of Evrika variety. The soil is sod-podzolic loamy. Humus content was 2.0…2.3%, pH of salt extract was 5.2…5.5, content of available mineral nitrogen was 12…15 mg/kg, available potassium and phosphorus (according to Kirsanov) were 80…100 mg/kg and 180…200 mg/kg respectively. The fertilizer rate applied during the growing season was 0 (control), 30, 60 or 90 kg/ha for the active substance nitrogen. At each fertilizer rate, the effect of the presence or absence of potassium (factor A), as well as the methods and timing of fertilizer application (factor B - fractional in autumn and spring with potassium, fractional without potassium, one-time in spring with potassium, one-time without potassium) were studied. The total protein content in grain varied from 9.29 to 12.30% of absolutely dry matter and was practically independent of the amount, type and timing of fertilizer application, but was determined by the weather conditions of the year. The gross protein yield varied from 136.6 to 462.5 kg/ha and was directly determined by the crop yield (the correlation coefficient was 0.97...0.99), with the highest gross protein yield (150...195% of the control) noted in the variants with potassium nitrate in each year.
Predicting outcomes using neural networks in the intensive care unit
Authors: Sridhar Gumpeny R , Yarabati Venkat , Gumpeny Lakshmi
Published: December 2024

Patients in intensive care units (ICUs) require rapid critical decision making. Modern ICUs are data rich, where information streams from diverse sources. Machine learning (ML) and neural networks (NN) can leverage the rich data for prognostication and clinical care. They can handle complex nonlinear relationships in medical data and have advantages over traditional predictive methods. A number of models are used: (1) Feedforward networks; and (2) Recurrent NN and convolutional NN to predict key outcomes such as mortality, length of stay in the ICU and the likelihood of complications. Current NN models exist in silos; their integration into clinical workflow requires greater transparency on data that are analyzed. Most models that are accurate enough for use in clinical care operate as ‘black-boxes’ in which the logic behind their decision making is opaque. Advances have occurred to see through the opacity and peer into the processing of the black-box. In the near future ML is positioned to help in clinical decision making far beyond what is currently possible. Transparency is the first step toward validation which is followed by clinical trust and adoption. In summary, NNs have the transformative ability to enhance predictive accuracy and improve patient management in ICUs. The concept should soon be turning into reality.
Utilizing complementary therapy to enhance quality of life and reduce stress and fatigue in pediatric cancer patients
Authors: Lopes-Júnior Luis Carlos , de Lima Regina Aparecida Garcia
Published: December 2024

The international scientific literature presents still incipient results regarding the management of cancer symptom clusters by oncology nursing, especially in pediatric oncology. This is a promising field of investigation for clinical nurses and researchers, and when it is subsidized by medium-range theories, they corroborate the diagnoses and interventions of nursing in oncology, enhancing the science of nursing care. This minireview article aims to discuss the utilizing the hospital clowns as a complementary therapy, to enhance quality of life and reduce stress and fatigue in pediatric cancer patients. Overall, the evidence presented so far pointed out that complementary therapy might help improve the quality of life of pediatric cancer patients, and that complementary therapy usage should be part of a health comprehensive care model, delivering therapeutic approaches that might enhance the mind-body during a pediatric cancer patients’ life span. The results of scientific investigations by nurses, particularly those linked to the basic sciences, play a critical role in advancing personalized care in pediatric integrative oncology.
Parietal peritoneal hernia after abdominal hysterectomy for forty years: A case report
Authors: Chou Ya-Chen
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Internal hernia is a rare complication following abdominal surgery, primarily resulting from structural defects caused by anastomosis. We report a unique case of a late abdominal wall internal hernia highly suspected as resulting from insufficient peritoneal closure.

CASE SUMMARY

A 72-year-old woman presented with symptoms of intestinal obstruction 40 years after undergoing an abdominal hysterectomy. Abdominal computed tomography revealed a suspicious closed loop of intestine; then, a laparotomy was performed for suspected internal hernia. During the procedure, herniation of intestine into the preperitoneal space through a parietal peritoneal defect between rectus abdominis and sigmoid colon was identified. Intestinal reduction, resection of the ischemic segment and closure of the peritoneal defect were performed. The patient recovered well.

CONCLUSION

Non-closure of peritoneum might lead to late internal hernias. Meticulous peritoneal closure should be considered to prevent this potentially lethal complication.
Nipah virus: Preventing the next outbreak
Authors: Tyagi Satvik , Upadhyay Shalini , Bharara Tanisha , Sahai Sanjeev
Published: December 2024

Nipah is a deadly viral infection which has come to the news highlight recently, due to its fresh onslaught in Southern India. As the world continues to recover from coronavirus disease 2019, the World Health Organization has identified a list of high-priority pathogens with the potential to cause future pandemics. Among them is the Nipah virus (NiV), which poses a significant threat. Even a small outbreak could trigger widespread panic among the public. The emergence and re-emergence of NiV among other zoonotic infections is a stern reminder of the importance of One health concept.
PARASOSYAL ETKİLEŞİM KURAMI BAĞLAMINDA BENLİK SAYGISI, KİŞİLİK ÖZELLİKLERİ (K-POP HAYRANLARI ÜZERİNE ÇALIŞMA)
Authors: Boğazkesen Feride , Yiğit Sude , Bulut Meryem Berrin
Published: December 2024

Güney Kore’de ilk olarak gösterime giren K-pop grupları sosyal medyayı ciddi anlamda etkilemiştir. Türkiye’de de bu grupların özellikle ergenler ve üniversite öğrencileri üzerinde önemli bir etkiye sahip oldukları belirtilebilir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, parasosyal etkileşim kuramı bağlamında K-pop’a bağlılığın yordayıcıları olarak benlik saygısı ve kişilik özelliklerini incelemektir. Çalışmanın örneklemi Türkiye’de K-popu takip eden 18 yaş ve üzeri 639 kadından oluşmaktadır. Çalışmanın verilerini toplamak amacıyla Parasosyal Etkileşim Ölçeği, Benlik Saygısı Ölçeği, Beş Faktör Kişilik Ölçeği ve kişisel bilgi formu kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın verileri nicel analiz yöntemleriyle çözümlenmiştir. Korelasyon analizi sonucunda parasosyal etkileşim ile duygusal dengesizlik ve deneyime açıklık arasında olumlu yönde anlamlı ilişkiler saptanmıştır. Hiyerarşik regresyon analizine ilk aşamada alınan yaş, ikinci aşamada alınan deneyime açıklık ve duygusal dengesizlik parasosyal etkileşimi anlamlı olarak yordamaktadır. Buna göre hem deneyime açıklık hem de duygusal dengesizlik puanları arttıkça parasosyal etkileşimin arttığı belirtilebilir. Elde edilen bulgular parasosyal etkileşim literatürü temelinde tartışılmış, uygulama alanına ve akademiye öneriler sunulmuştur.
Critical Path Analysis and Risk Management of Extract Product for Panduretin A and Pinostrobin Product Development Project of Thailand Center of Excellence for Life Sciences (Public Organization)
Authors: Saengruengrong Chanaphon , Charoenprasit Supakorn , Tianthong Choosana
Published: December 2024

The objectives of this study are 1) to analyze the critical path of the product development project and 2) Analyze and study risk management guidelines for product development project. by studying the details of the project according to the request for an extension of the project implementation period causing delays in the implementation of the project from reviewing the project management of the researchers or the person in charge of the project and planning the implementation. It was found that there were uncontrollable external factors causing the project to be unable to complete as planned. to help analyze the critical path of the project with CPM (Critical Path Method) techniques. The analysis results showed that the project had 11 critical activities out of 13 total activities due to 2 reasons: There is no emergency management plan. and no plan to support risks Methods for troubleshooting in order to control the cause include: Forms for risk reporting and project monitoring should be provided to facilitate the project committee members to be able to use them to control and monitor the performance according to the set schedule.
การศึกษาผลสัมฤทธิ์ของการใช้ System Flowchart เกี่ยวกับหลักการคิดค่าเสื่อมหมวดที่ดินและสิ่งก่อสร้าง
Authors: Thongsingklee Nongnuch
Published: December 2024

This research studies the results of using a System Flowchart regarding the depreciation principles for land and buildings. The objectives are to: (1) create a System Flowchart for studying practices regarding the depreciation principles for land and buildings according to the criteria of the Bureau of the Budget, Office of the Prime Minister and the Comptroller General's Department Ministry of Finance, (2) measure the achievement of the System Flowchart in decision making regarding the depreciation principles for land and buildings, and (3) study the level of satisfaction in using the created tools. The samples used in the study consisted of 3 groups with a total of 15 people, consisting of administrators, lecturers involved in procurement procedure, and procurement officers. The triangulation was used to support the data analysis during the study. The study used a specific method with the group's sample who responded to the tests. Statistics used in data analysis were calculated with basic statistics, percentages, means (x ̅), and standard deviation (S.D.). The results showed that projects that required the depreciation principles for land and buildings, such as designing, construction control, new construction, repairs, renovation, and space enlargement, use the System Flowchart created in decision-making regarding the principles of depreciation for land and buildings among groups sample were in high level. All three sample groups can use the tools with 100% accuracy. Moreover, the satisfaction in using the System Flowchart to decide on the principles of depreciation for land and buildings was at a high level.
A Study of the Relationship between the Roles of Human Resources Business Partners and the Organizational Efficiency of an Information Analytic Services Firm
Authors: Wongyai Ekkasit , Horpibulsuk Nattira , Kusalasaiyanon Chedthida
Published: December 2024

The study’s objectives were to 1) study the level of human resources business partner (HRBP) role at a business data analytics company, 2) study the level of organizational efficiency, 3) study the relationship between the role of HRBP and organizational efficiency, 4) study ways for developing the role of HRBP, and 5) compare the results of data analysis on the relationship between the role of HRBP and organizational efficiency quantitatively and qualitatively. This research was mixed methods. The population for the quantitative approach was 200 employees whose HRBP position was appointed in their departments, and three managerial staff served as key informants. The study’s tools were a structured interview and a questionnaire. For quantitative data analysis used frequency, percentage, mean, variance, and correlation coefficient. Content analysis was used for qualitative data analysis. The results showed that 1) Overall, the role of HRBP was at the highest level. The administrative expert aspect was ranked as number one, followed by Strategic partnerships, Employee champions and Change agents. 2) Overall, organizational efficiency was at a high level. Time aspect was number one, followed by Quality of work, Workload and Operating expenses. 3) The role of HRBP was related to overall organization efficiency with statistical significance at the 0.01 level. Strategic partnerships were related at a high level. Administrative experts and Employee champions were correlated at a relatively strong level. The change agent was related at a moderate level. 4) For developing HRBP roles, communication, attitudes, organizational culture, and digital literacy should be improved. 5) For comparing the mixed methods’ results, the qualitative result supported the quantitative one with the context that HRBP supports shared vision, goals, and organizational culture.
Development of Potential Model of Production Managers in the Metal Packaging Industry in Digital Age
Authors: Pinthapataya Taya , Wisuttipaet Somnoek , Boonyasopon Teravuti , Pisarnpong Woratin
Published: December 2024

The objectives of the research on the development of performance potential model of production managers in the metal packaging industry in the digital age were to: 1) study the performance potential of production managers in the metal packaging industry in the digital age, 2) develop a model of performance potential of production managers in the metal packaging industry in the digital age, and 3) create a guideline manual for developing the performance potential of production managers in the metal packaging industry in the digital age. The research was conducted by using the Delphi technique and a small focus group seminar. The contributors to the Delphi technique included 19 executives and entrepreneurs with experiences in the production of metal packaging in industrial plants. The participants in a small focus group seminar included 13 experts and academics in the field of the metal packaging industry. The qualitative data analysis used the content analysis, and the quantitative data analysis used the median statistics and the interquartile range. The research results found that the model of performance potential of production managers in the metal packaging industry in the digital age consisted of 3 dimensions, 6 main components, and 20 sub-components. The dimensions and main components included Dimension of operational production consisting of 2 main components: Knowledge in metal packaging production and Skills in digital production processes; Dimension of production management consisting of 2 main components: Production organization management and Production quality management; and Dimension of desired characteristics consisting of 2 main components: Personal characteristics and Executive characteristics. The guideline manual for developing the performance potential of production managers in the metal packaging industry in the digital age was divided into Part 1: Introduction, and Part 2: A guideline for developing the performance potential of production managers in the metal packaging industry in the digital age. The model and the guideline manual for developing the performance potential of production managers in the metal packaging industry in the digital age were unanimously approved by the experts in terms of suitability for application at a good level.
Board Chairman Characteristics and Performance of Islamic Banks: Evidence From Islamic Banks in Indonesia and Malaysia
Authors: Quddus Ayatullah , Utama Imron , Rosadi Samsul , Rahmawati Aryani
Published: December 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of chairman characteristics—specifically age, gender, and education level—on the performance of Islamic banks in Indonesia and Malaysia. The motivation for this research stems from the limited and mixed findings in existing literature regarding the role of leadership traits in shaping bank performance, especially in the context of Islamic banking. This research aims to fill the gap by analyzing how these specific characteristics influence the strategic decisions and overall performance of banks in these two countries, which are home to some of the largest Islamic banks globally. The key finding of this study is that while the age of the chairman significantly impacts performance, gender and education level do not show a notable effect.
Methodology: The study employed a quantitative research methodology, using panel data from Islamic banks in Indonesia and Malaysia from 2015-2020. A panel data regression model was utilized to assess the influence of chairman characteristics on bank performance based on financial indicators such as return on assets (ROA). Data were collected from publicly available financial reports over a period of several years, and the characteristics of each chairman, such as age, gender, and education level, were analyzed in relation to these performance.
Findings: The results of the regression analysis show that the age of the chairman has a significant positive relationship with bank performance. Older chairmen appear to contribute to better decision-making and long-term strategy formulation, which in turn improves the performance of Islamic banks. However, the gender and education level of the chairman were found to have no significant impact on the performance of these banks during the research period. This suggests that experience, reflected in age, plays a more crucial role than gender or educational background in determining bank performance. 
Novelty: This study provides valuable insights into the role of leadership chairman characteristics in Islamic banks, with a focus on the importance of age as a key predictor of bank performance. By contrasting the effect of age with gender and education, this research contributes to the ongoing debate about leadership in the financial sector. The novelty lies in its focus on the specific context of Islamic banks in Indonesia and Malaysia, offering a regional perspective on how leadership traits influence bank success. Future research could further explore additional leadership traits or examine a larger dataset across different regions to strengthen these findings.
Economic valuation of forest conservation: insight from a current systematic literature review
Authors: Hassin N.H. , Kamaludin M. , Azlina A.A. , Alipiah R.M. , Rosle S.
Published: December 2024

Forest conservation is vital for biodiversity, climate regulation and livelihoods. However, valuing its economic benefits is challenging. This review assesses and synthesizes current methodologies and findings on the economic valuation of forest conservation, focusing on non-market
benefits and diverse valuation approaches. The study was reviewed from 2018 to 2023 using Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), and EconBiz, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework. Analyzing 37 articles, three themes were identified: Community
and Socioeconomic Aspects (15 articles), Economic Valuation Techniques (16 articles), and Policy Implications (6 articles). Contingent valuation and choice modelling were found to be predominant, especially in tropical forests of developing countries, where higher WTP values than other regions
highlight their importance in supporting conservation efforts. Though challenges such as data disparities and limitations persist, recent advancements, such as the use of remote sensing and ecosystem service modelling, have improved the precision of forest conservation valuations. Standardized
methodologies and better data integration are required to improve the accuracy and comparability of economic valuations, ensuring more reliable data for policy-making and resource allocation in forest conservation. This review aids researchers, policymakers, and practitioners in enhancing
forest conservation strategies through robust economic valuation.
Is the forest moratorium merely a mirage? A case study on the effectiveness of the forest moratorium in Riau Province, Indonesia
Authors: Daulay M.H. , Egi S. , Razak A.T. , Makhas K.A. , Idris F. , Ramadhan R. , Qomar N.
Published: December 2024

Current national policies emphasize the vital role of forestry and land use in meeting emission reduction targets. The forest moratorium aims to reduce emissions by protecting primary forests and peatlands from deforestation and degradation. While the forest moratorium has been in place
for a decade, empirical evidence supporting its effectiveness is limited. This study seeks to analyze the effectiveness of the forest moratorium, with Riau Province serving as a case study. Data collection methods encompassed in-depth interviews with key informants and multi-stakeholder focused
group discussions (FGDs). The effectiveness of the forest moratorium is evaluated across three primary dimensions: new permitting, deforestation rates and governance improvements. The results show that the forest moratorium in Riau has not been very effective. Out of 4.2 M ha of remaining
forest area only 1.2 M ha is forested, and deforestation continues. Pressure on forests remains high mainly for oil palm expansion. The ever-changing forest moratorium map and weak regulations have created loopholes that allow certain areas to be excluded from the moratorium and consequently
issue new licenses. In addition, strengthening the One Map policy as a unified database agreed upon by institutions is essential to improve the effectiveness of the forest moratorium.