Improving approach to technogenic risk analysis and justification of design solutions for hazardous production facilities of oil and gas complex
Authors:   Kuban State Technological University, ALEKSANDROVA Anna V. , GERMAN Mikhail V. ,   Kuban State Technological University, LEVCHUK Aleksandra A. ,   Kuban State Technological University, Skrynnikov Aleksey Yu. ,   Academy of Civil Defence of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: October 2024

Purpose. Currently, the sphere of designing hazardous production facilities (HPF), in particular, of oil and gas complex (OGC), calls for advanced methods of analyzing technogenic risk, its calculation in order to justify design solutions increasing the level of industrial, fire safety and personnel protection, provided economic costs are optimized. The purpose of the study is to improve the risk-based approach at designing HPF (using as the example OGC technological facilities). The following main tasks were solved: the possibility of applying the approach at building the “event tree” taking into account the presence of emergency and fire protection systems at the facility was considered; the expediency of applying the “fault tree” method for risk analysis was justified (as well as the justification of the partial leveling possibility of conservative initial suppositions and assumptions); the application of the “event tree” method in assessing probabilities of possible accident outcomes was considered; the comparative analysis of applying the generally accepted (classic) risk-oriented approach was carried out and suggestions for its improvement were developed. Methods. The mandatory requirements of Rostekhnadzor and recommended approaches given in the standards in the field of fire safety, reliability in appliances, risk management and safety in emergency situations were taken into account for risk analysis at solving design tasks. Calculations were made applying the domestic software complex “TOXI + Risk”. Findings. At the stage of hazard analysis and accident risk assessment at the designed HPF, it was possible to integrate data on the features of a specific process facility – emergency and automatic fire protection systems. Research application field. The results of the study can be applied in improving the risk-based approach to the design of HPF of OGC as well as to other technological complexes in other industries. Conclusions. The study on applying risk analysis methods in order to develop design solutions for ensuring the industrial and fire safety of HPF has been conducted. It has been justified that the most preferable at the design stage of HPF is the application of “fault tree” and “event tree” analysis methods. The conducted calculations and modeling have confirmed the feasibility of taking into account the presence of emergency and fire protection systems when constructing the “event trees” of the protective equipment used at the facility. It has been confirmed that the application of the “event tree” analysis in assessing the probabilities of possible accident outcomes reduces the frequency of adverse outcomes, the resulting risk indicators for selected groups of recipients, the frequency of exposure to discrete values of excessive explosion pressure on buildings and structures of the facility.