bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les parlers urbains africains au prisme du plurilinguisme : description sociolinguistique
Authors: Sea Souhan Monhuet Yves
Published: August 2023

Résumé La Constitution ivoirienne promulguée le 8 novembre 2016 stipule en son article 48 que : « la langue officielle [de la Côte d’Ivoire] est le français ». En effet, héritée de la colonisation, le français constitue, à l’heure actuelle, la langue de communication dans l’Administration, le secteur commercial, les médias et l’école. Son statut de langue officielle lui confère une place de choix par rapport aux langues nationales. Depuis l’indépendance du pays jusqu’à ce jour, l’usage du français en milieu multilingue urbain, et particulièrement à Abidjan, génère un parler hybride que certains spécialistes de la linguistique variationniste qualifient de français abidjanais pendant que d’autres parlent de nouchi. Toutefois, en vue d’être intégrées avec succès dans le paysage linguistique urbain abidjanais, il est important que les populations analphabètes, principalement locutrices des langues nationales s’expriment en français. Le travail à accomplir ici, au regard de l’absence d’une politique linguistique cohérente et efficace, consiste à mettre en évidence la langue de communication des analphabètes nationaux à Abidjan.
Les parlers urbains africains au prisme du plurilinguisme : description sociolinguistique
Authors: Kouacou N’goran Jacques , Houmega Alida Munseu
Published: August 2023

Résumé Si le nouchi apparaît comme un parler urbain dynamique et riche au plan lexical, c’est bien parce que ce dernier dispose de divers procédés de créations de mots qui lui permettent justement de s’adapter aux réalités quotidiennes des Ivoiriens. Ces procédés sont multiformes et interviennent aussi bien sur le niveau formel que sémantique. Parmi ceux-ci, l’on relève la dérivation et la polysémie qui sont d’une grande productivité en nouchi. Notre problématique dans cette réflexion est de décrire ces procédés de créations pour observer leurs structures et leur fonctionnement en nouchi.
Les parlers urbains africains au prisme du plurilinguisme : description sociolinguistique
Authors: Rabe Liagro Charles
Published: August 2023

Résumé Sorte d’argot crypté, le nouchi se caractérise essentiellement par son originalité ontologique et lexicale qui consacre une immense palette de modalités créatrices. Nataša Raschi affirme d’ailleurs à ce propos que « ce qui semble être spécifique du nouchi, a trait au lexique utilisé qui, de par son hétérogénéité, constitue nécessairement la partie la plus savoureuse » 1 . Cette « hétérogénéité [lexicale] » fait sans doute penser, entre autre, à la création de mots hybrides dont le nouchi est parsemé. Baigné qu’il est par le flux « des emprunts massifs aux langues ivoiriennes et non ivoiriennes » 2 , le vocabulaire « nouchien », si l’on veut bien recevoir cette lexie comme ce qui vient du nouchi, appelle à une réflexion sur les procédés linguistiques au moyen desquels s’opère cette « relexification » 3 à partir desdits emprunts. Apparaît alors la nécessité de démêler les alternances et, toutes nuances bien honorées, les mélanges codiques. Plus simplement, à partir de propos oraux divers et d’extraits de compositions musicales d’artistes ivoiriens, les configurations lexicales du nouchi sont questionnées, ce qui rend saillantes les formes de cohabitation linguistique qu’abrite ce parler ivoirien. Ainsi, c’est dans une perspective énonciative qui embrasse le lexique dans le jeu de la description compositionnelle et dérivationnelle que les structures morphosyntaxiques du nouchi sont interrogées.
Les parlers urbains africains au prisme du plurilinguisme : description sociolinguistique
Authors: Kouacou N’goran Jacques , Youant Yves-Marcel
Published: August 2023

Sujet parfois tabou dans les sociétés africaines, la sexualité et son univers trouve dans l’environnement des nouchiphones un mode d’expression particulier que cet article présente et décrit à partir de leurs pratiques langagières. A travers les thématiques liées au genre, à la séduction et au sexe, il fait un tour d’horizon sur le lexique usité, et qui par ailleurs montre encore une fois de plus le dynamisme constant du nouchi.
L’enseignement-apprentissage en/des langues européennes dans les systèmes éducatifs africains : place, fonctions, défis et perspectives
Authors: Abaka Kouassi Gérard
Published: August 2023

Cette recherche part du constat selon lequel un bon nombre d’élèves éprouvent des difficultés en mathématiques depuis les premières classes du primaire et la volonté d’en comprendre les causes, notamment au moyen d’une enquête de terrain en Côte d’Ivoire. Son champ d’action est celui de la didactique des disciplines. Adoptant une approche à la fois quantitative et qualitative de type ethnographique, nous tentons de répondre, au moyen d’entretiens semi-directifs, de questionnaires et d’observations de classe, à des questions comme : Quel est le rôle du français dans l’apprentissage des mathématiques ? Comment remédier aux difficultés des élèves dans l’apprentissage de cette discipline scolaire ? Les résultats de cette étude montrent la difficulté supplémentaire que représente le français dans l’enseignement-apprentissage des mathématiques et invitent à l’intégration des langues locales ivoiriennes (y compris les différentes variétés locales du français) dans le processus d’acquisition de cette discipline scientifique.
L’enseignement-apprentissage en/des langues européennes dans les systèmes éducatifs africains : place, fonctions, défis et perspectives
Authors: Kouakou Kouakou Antoine
Published: August 2023

L’école en Côte d’Ivoire se conjugue avec la langue française. Cette langue est à la fois le canal des enseignements et une discipline à enseigner. Elle permet donc de dispenser les cours de mathématiques, d’histoire-géographie, de sciences (physiques et naturelles), des arts plastiques, de la philosophie, etc. Elle est aussi utilisée dans les cours de langues vivantes telles que l’anglais, l’espagnol et l’allemand. Ici, sa présence peut se justifier par le fait que les apprenants n’ont pas une bonne connaissance des langues concernées. Cette omniprésence du français dans le système éducatif ivoirien montre à quel point cette langue est incontournable. Toutefois, la difficulté à la manipuler aisément a favorisé l’irruption en classe de formes locales, plus dynamiques et répondant mieux aux besoins de communication des acteurs de la classe. Ces formes de français constituent une menace pour le français normée.
L’enseignement-apprentissage en/des langues européennes dans les systèmes éducatifs africains : place, fonctions, défis et perspectives
Authors: Okome Engouang Liliane , Boukandou Kombila Liza Gladys
Published: August 2023

Au Gabon et plus précisément au département d’espagnol de l’École Normale Supérieure, la traduction automatique occupe une place de choix lors des exercices pratiques de traduction pédagogique. Les logiciels les plus utilisés à cette fin sont Google traduction et Reverso traduction . Paradoxalement, ces outils sont très peu recommandés par les enseignants. En raison de leurs résultats souvent incorrects, ces bases de données TIC nécessitent un usage économe et éclairé. Ainsi, notre contribution détermine la compétence et les limites de ces deux moteurs de traduction. Nous fonderons nos analyses sur un corpus composé d’un texte espagnol et de ses deux productions réelles (TA) en français que les apprenants de Licence 3 analyseront en situation de classe. Le but de cette contribution est d’examiner l’importance de l’exploitation des TIC au cours des activités de traduction pédagogique.
Méthodes et pratiques d’enseignement des langues africaines : Identification, analyses et perspective
Authors: Ndibnu-Messina Éthé Julia , Frath Pierre
Published: August 2023

Cette section présente les aspects géographiques et linguistiques des pays auprès desquels les enquêtes ont été menées. Les situer géolinguistiquement apporte un éclairage sur la nécessité de participer à l’amélioration de l’enseignement en/des langues africaines. Les méthodes et les pratiques d’enseignement reflètent la nomenclature des régions subsahariennes africaines. Pour documenter cette partie, la majeure partie des informations sont extraites des sites qui présentent ces pays.
Méthodes et pratiques d’enseignement des langues africaines : Identification, analyses et perspective
Authors: Consolata Sheri Mwimali
Published: August 2023

Le but de cet article est d’examiner de manière critique comment le sens des verbes et des noms en kiswahili est lié à l’usage. Je répondrai à la question de savoir comment l’utilisation des mots est liée au sens qui est élucidé, ceci en référence aux verbes et aux noms en kiswahili. De nombreux linguistes ont étudié le sens dans l’usage dans d’autres langues, mais très peu de recherches ont été menées en langue kiswahili.
Avatar et je(u) en psychothérapie : ranimer l’objet
Authors: Guillet-Nicaisse Marie-Eline , de Kernier Nathalie
Published: August 2023

Des extraits de la psychothérapie individuelle d’un adolescent avec l’utilisation d’un jeu de simulation de vie – Les Sims 4 – montrent comment ce dispositif, avec une approche psychanalytique, soutient la constitution d’un espace psychique interne et pallie les insuffisances narcissiques en rendant tolérable l’expression de la conflictualité. Le transfert négativant se transforme en investissement de l’avatar comme double narcissique puis transitionnel, ce qui relance le processus de subjectivation.
Controverses philosophiques sur le plaisir au travail
Authors: Verlhac Martine
Published: August 2023

Les représentations du travail largement marquées par les conditions de son aliénation font peu de place à l’idée que l’individu puisse s’y réaliser, qu’il puisse être source de joie. Or, le travail, transformation du monde de soi et des autres, doit pouvoir être assigné comme le vrai rapport au monde, enjeu de son passage de la tristesse à la joie.
Psychosocial Factors Associated With Perinatal Anxiety and Perinatal Depression Among Adolescents: A Rapid Review
Authors: Ojeleye Olajumoke A. , Beckie Theresa M. , Oruche Ukamaka M.
Published: August 2023

The current review examined the influence of psychosocial factors on adolescents' perinatal anxiety (PA) and perinatal depression (PND) across geographical regions. Three databases were searched for articles published between 2017 and 2022 and 15 articles were reviewed. We categorized factors into social, cultural, and environmental domains. Social factors included adolescent caregiver trust/attachment, social support, perceived social support, trauma/poly-traumatization, and peer solidarity. Cultural factors included feelings of shame, marital satisfaction, partner's rejection of pregnancy, lack of parental involvement in care, parenting stress, childhood household dysfunction, and adverse childhood events. Environmental factors included neighborhood support, food insecurity, domestic violence, going to church, going out with friends, and sources for obtaining information. Routine assessment of psychosocial factors among perinatal teens is crucial to identify those at higher risk for PA and PND. Further research is necessary to examine the influence of cultural and environmental factors on PA, PND, and perinatal outcomes among adolescents. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 62
(2), 13–22.]
Limit theorems for negatively superadditive-dependent random variables with infinite or finite means
Authors: Wu Yongfeng
Published: August 2023

The author studies the laws of large numbers for weighted sums of negatively superadditive-dependent random variables. The obtained results in this paper extend and improve the corresponding theorems of Yang et al. [Commun. Stat. Theor. M., 48 (2019), 3044-3054]. Moreover, the author obtains a new theorem of mean convergence for weighted sums of negatively superadditive-dependent random variables, which was not considered in Yang et al. (2019).
Online Teaching Quality Evaluation: Entropy TOPSIS and Grouped Regression Model
Authors: Zhang Yan , Liu Chang
Published: August 2023

With the continuous progress in Chinese higher education, the quality of online teaching has become the key to influencing that of the operation and reputation of universities and colleges. Nevertheless, the results of traditional teaching quality evaluation methods are considerably influenced by objectivity due to limitations in single-index and outdated methods. Hence, the construction of a reasonable online teaching quality evaluation model for universities and colleges presents important research significance to optimize the existing evaluation process. An online teaching quality evaluation index system for teachers at 26 observation points was set up from the perspectives of teaching objectives, process, and effect. The Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Solution (TOPSIS) scores of 215 teachers from six universities in Henan Province, China, were evaluated using the entropy TOPSIS method. In addition, the significance of influencing factors in the ranking results of online teaching quality by teachers was analyzed using a hierarchical regression model. Results demonstrate that the weights of teaching attitude, teaching contents, and cognitive objectives were the highest and occupied the top three positions with weights of 14.94%, 12.99%, and 12.96%. By using three level-1 indexes of teaching objectives, process, and effect as the explanatory variables, students’ scores for teachers are all significant under the 1% level. According to the Chow test, the results are F (4, 207) = 2.725 and p = 0.031 < 0.05, indicating that using the online teaching duration of teachers as a grouping variable brings structural changes. Results can optimize online teaching quality evaluation and provide scientific references to evaluate the teaching quality of teachers.
Learning-by-Doing Approach to Teach Microcontroller Course with Portable Training Board
Authors: Lu Xueping , Ma Yan , Fang Yiming
Published: August 2023

Microcontroller education is attracting increasing attention owing to the widespread application of microcontroller-based systems. This study proposes the learning-by-doing approach. Rather than emphasizing a deep understanding of datasheets and register-level programming, the new teaching model focuses on microcontroller-based applications. During the pre-class, in-class, and post-class phases, students were instructed to practice writing subroutines or building circuits to interface external devices with a training board. A typical case study is presented to illustrate the detailed process of the proposed model. Feedback from students and teaching supervisors in the recent years has shown that the teaching approach coupled with the training board provides students with more opportunities to work on real equipment, which benefits both the grasp of the theoretical knowledge and improvement of practical skills.
A New Evolution Model for Collaborative Management of Knowledge Resources
Authors: Qian Jia
Published: August 2023

Collaborative management of knowledge resources is a particularly important issue in the context of collaborative development of vocational education since it can increase utilization of knowledge resources, narrow knowledge gap, promote educational equity, and support the innovation and collaboration of vocational education. However, currently available studies and methods are quite deficient in the aspect of knowledge attribute regulation, such as the difficulty in meeting requirements for different-type knowledge resources, the ignorance of the dynamic feature of knowledge resources, and the insufficient consideration of knowledge attributes. To solve these matters, this study aims to discuss the importance of collaborative management of knowledge resources in a backdrop of the collaborative development of vocational education, with special attention on the key role of knowledge attribute regulation in collaborative management of knowledge resources. In the paper, a collaborative knowledge resource management evolution model was built to reveal the dynamic evolution process of the collaborative management of knowledge resources, so as to provide theoretical evidences for the decision-making of knowledge attribute regulation. On this basis, the paper further proposed a decision-making method of knowledge attribute regulation for the collaborative management of knowledge resources, in the hopes of realizing efficient collaborative management of knowledge resources and promoting the collaborative development of vocational education.
Personalizing Students' Learning Needs by a Teaching Decision Optimization Method
Authors: Zhang Yi , Shi Yueyun , Bi Fuli
Published: August 2023

With the rapid development of educational technology and the deepening of educational system reform, personalized education has gradually become an important topic in education. However, existing classroom teaching decision-making methods often fail to meet students’ personalized learning needs, resulting in some students being unable to reach their full potential in the classroom. To solve this problem, this study proposed a multi-conditional factor classroom teaching decision optimization method based on the improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) algorithm, and predicted students’ personalized learning needs by combining with the improved ant colony optimization-support vector regression (IACO-SVR) model. First, the IACO-SVR model was used to collect students’ learning data, such as grades, interests, hobbies and learning progress, to accurately predict their needs in different teaching contexts. Second, the IPSO algorithm was used to optimize the multi-conditional factor classroom teaching decisions, thus meeting the personalized needs of students. The IPSO algorithm had strong global search ability, which effectively found the optimal solution to achieve personalized teaching strategies. It is expected that the teaching quality can be improved by predicting the personalized learning needs of students and optimizing classroom teaching decisions in this study, thus providing better support for their comprehensive development. In addition, the results of this study can provide theoretical basis and reference for administrative departments of education and schools to formulate personalized education policies.
The Mobile Making Program
Authors: Siyahhan Sinem , Price Edward , Marshall James
Published: August 2023

This chapter focuses on STEM out-of-school time and describes the Mobile Making program as a university-community partnership-driven out-of-school (OST) program wherein racially and ethnically diverse university students bring materials in their own vehicles and facilitate youth's engagement and learning in maker-based STEM activities at school and community sites. The authors discuss the program model and the lessons learned about how to (a) design maker-based STEM activities for youth (grades 4th through 8th), (b) recruit and train undergraduate students to serve as near-peer mentors, (c) work closely with school sites, (d) scale this program to multiple sites, and (d) sustain this afterschool program over the years. Further, the authors share the findings from phase two of the project and discuss implications for developing and scaling maker-based STEM afterschool programs.
Supporting STEM Career Knowledge and Interest for Rural Grade Two Students Through a University-School Partnership
Authors: Playton Stephanie C. , Hite Rebecca L. , Coward Fanni L. , Childers Gina M.
Published: August 2023

STEM career information, hands-on content, and recruiting professionals to interact with students are challenging, especially within under-resourced areas. This chapter, within the STEM during the school day section, reports on a research-practitioner partnership (RPP) between a university and a rural school district. This collaboration resulted in a co-created curriculum to improve student (aged 7-8 years) knowledge of and interest in STEM careers. Among the 113 participants, 67 students participated in four modules with STEM content for up to five hours over 16 weeks. Observations, artifacts, and data from a STEM career metric were collected, including those who did not participate in the intervention (n=46). Analyses suggest that participants were more able to name STEM careers and make connections to content areas. Lessons learned are to monitor and pivot when students are struggling with technological challenges or lesson fatigue. Recommendations include devising ways to leverage an RPP and STEM professionals in the community to support STEM learning within elementary schools.
Enhancing Middle Grade Students' Interest and Learning in a Community-Engaged Summer STEM Competition
Authors: Hite Rebecca L. , Johnson Levi E. , Spott Jessica L. , Johnston Kaylee , Sobehrad Lane J.
Published: August 2023

This chapter presents a curriculum collaboration between Texas Tech University (STEM CORE and the TTU College of Education) and Lubbock Independent School District (Lubbock ISD) for a week-long STEM challenge, focused on bringing STEM into their communities and reducing barriers to accessing STEM opportunities. The goal of the summer 2021 iteration of Lubbock ISD STEM Challenge was to engage students in a summer STEM experience designed to increase their interest in STEM-related education and career pathways while positively affecting their learning about STEM topics. Readers will discover ten graphic organizers; detailed teacher notes that provide step-by-step facilitation of the event; learning objectives aligned to national standards; a materials list and preparation checklist for activities; detailed answer keys to related student assessments; and five exit tickets. Significant improvement was found among students' use of 21st century skills, STEM learning, and STEM interest. This activity may be used for in-school or community-based (out-of-school) youth STEM enrichment.
Zoology Pathway Program
Authors: Lannoye-Hall Claire
Published: August 2023

There is an urgent need for more individuals to pursue science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) careers, especially those who identify as members of historically excluded populations. This process needs to start well before a job application is filled out. Young people need to be interested in the field, be aware of opportunities, have the required knowledge and skills, feel they belong in the field, and have the support of mentors to help them succeed. This learning must extend beyond the typical K-12 classroom setting and include resources, such as community partners and immersive learning experiences, to make a measurable difference. A partnership between an informal science learning organization and a charter school that serves students primarily from historically excluded populations was formed to support the students' awareness and readiness to pursue STEM-based careers.
Scapula-Focused Exercises With or Without Biofeedback and Corticospinal Excitability in Recreational Overhead Athletes With Shoulder Impingement
Authors: Luo Shi-Lun , Shih Yi-Fen , Lin Jiu-Jenq , Lin Yin-Liang
Published: August 2023

Context

Individuals with shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS) exhibit changes in corticospinal excitability, scapular kinematics, and scapular muscle-activation patterns. To restore the scapular kinematics and muscle-activation patterns in individuals with SIS, treatment protocols usually include scapula-focused exercises, such as scapular-orientation and strength training.

Objective

To investigate whether scapular-orientation and strength training can reverse the altered corticospinal excitability of recreational overhead athletes with SIS.

Design

Randomized controlled clinical trial.

Setting

University laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants

Forty-one recreational overhead athletes with SIS: 20 in the scapular-orientation group (age = 26.45 ± 4.13 years, height = 171.85 ± 7.88 cm, mass = 66.70 ± 10.68 kg) and 21 in the strengthening group (age = 26.43 ± 5.55 years, height = 171.62 ± 5.87 cm, mass = 68.67 ± 10.18 kg).

Intervention(s)

Both groups performed a 30-minute training protocol consisting of 3 exercises to strengthen the lower trapezius (LT) and serratus anterior muscles without overactivating the upper trapezius muscles. Participants in the scapular-orientation group were instructed to consciously activate their scapular muscles with electromyographic biofeedback and cues, whereas the strengthening group did not receive biofeedback or cues for scapular motion.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Corticospinal excitability was assessed using transcranial magnetic stimulation. Scapular kinematics and muscle activation during arm elevation were also measured.

Results

After training, both groups demonstrated an increase in motor-evoked potentials in the LT (P = .004) and increases in scapular upward rotation (P = .03), LT activation (P < .001), and serratus anterior activation (P < .001) during arm elevation. Moreover, the scapular-orientation group showed higher LT activation levels during arm elevation after training than the strengthening group (P = .03).

Conclusions

With or without biofeedback and cues, scapula-focused exercises improved scapular control and increased corticospinal excitability. Adding biofeedback and cues for scapular control during exercise helped facilitate greater LT activation, so feedback and cues are recommended during scapula-focused training.
Hamstring Strain Injury Prevention: Current Beliefs and Practices of Practitioners Working in Major League Baseball
Authors: Lazarczuk Stephanie L. , Headrick Jonathon , Hickey Jack T. , Timmins Ryan G. , Leva Furey A. , Bourne Matthew N.
Published: August 2023

Context

Hamstring strain injury (HSI) is the most frequently sustained injury in Major League Baseball (MLB). However, the beliefs and practices of practitioners working in MLB regarding HSI risk factors and prevention strategies in baseball athletes have not been documented.

Objective

To document the current beliefs and practices of practitioners working in MLB regarding HSI prevention.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Major League Baseball via an online survey.

Patients or Other Participants

Athletic trainers, physical therapists, and strength and conditioning coaches working in MLB during the 2021 season.

Data Collection and Analysis

An online survey was conducted, with participants completing the survey once. Questions pertained to risk factor identification, the use and perceived effectiveness of prevention strategies, and barriers to implementation. Descriptive statistics were calculated for each question.

Results

A total of 91 responses were received featuring respondents from 28 of 30 MLB organizations. The perceived most important intrinsic risk factors were tolerance to high-speed running for first-time HSI and previous HSI for recurrent injury. The perceived most important extrinsic risk factor for both first-time and recurrent HSI was internal communication between staff. The perceived most effective prevention strategies were managing overall workload, regular exposure to high-speed running, and periodization. The most used prevention strategies were core or lumbopelvic strengthening, traditional resistance-training exercises, and managing overall workload. Approximately half (53%) of respondents reported barriers to effective implementation of HSI prevention strategies, including player and coach buy-in, compliance, workload management, and scheduling.

Conclusions

This was the first survey to investigate MLB practitioner beliefs and practices regarding HSI prevention. Responses from practitioners regarding their beliefs about risk factors and appropriate prevention strategies varied, and discrepancies existed between the perceived most effective strategies and those most frequently used.
Understanding Food Insecurity Among Collegiate Athletes: A Qualitative Study at a Public University in New England
Authors: Anziano Jennifer , Zigmont Victoria A.
Published: August 2023

Context

Authors of previous research at a public university in New England, where the current study takes place, showed that approximately one-third of undergraduate students have experienced some aspect of food insecurity. More recent investigators at this university revealed that students who were members of a sport team were 4 times more likely to be food insecure than their peers who were not on a sport team. The estimated prevalence of student-athlete food insecurity from other previous research studies ranged from 14% to 32%.

Objective

To understand the contributing factors to food insecurity among collegiate athletes.

Design

Qualitative study.

Setting

A public university in New England.

Patients or Other Participants

Data are presented for 10 collegiate athletes who experienced some level of food insecurity according to the United States Department of Agriculture Six-Item Short Form.

Data Collection and Analysis

Data were collected using a brief demographic questionnaire and semistructured interviews.

Results

Contributing factors were a lack of time, special dietary needs, limited campus dining options, and limited access to transportation or kitchens. Coping strategies were managing time and resources, buying cheaper foods, and skipping meals. Food insecurity negatively affected students’ athletic performance. The athletes struggled to balance their athletic and academic schedules and obtain a diet that allowed them to meet their performance goals.

Conclusions

Additional and innovative programming is needed to support food-insecure student-athletes.
Diabetic Ketoacidosis Complicated with Acute Pancreatitis without Hypertriglyceridemia: A Double Trouble
Authors: Yadav Priyanka Hansraj , Dhaka Sahil Ravindra , Lohiya Sham , Gowda KB Harshith
Published: August 2023

The most common acute hyperglycemic emergency encountered in type-1 people with diabetes is diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The patient presents with a myriad of symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, anorexia, and dehydration, along with symptoms of hyperglycemia, such as polyphagia, polyuria, or polydipsia. The condition may progress rapidly and most likely mask coexisting diseases such as acute pancreatitis (AP), in which the patient primarily presents with emesis and abdominal pain. Clinically, apparent pancreatitis is uncommon in children with DKA and might thus be missed, worsening the outcome and even becoming life-threatening. Therefore, we present a rare case of a 13-year-old diabetic who was timely diagnosed with DKA complicated with AP without hypertriglyceridemia and thus treated for the same, leading to a better prognosis.
Potentiality of Malignant Transformation of Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Prospective Study
Authors: Kamala K. A. , Sankethguddad S.
Published: August 2023

Objectives:

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a potentially malignant disorder (PMD) which has one of the highest rates of malignant transformation (MT) rate. The aim of this study was to assess the rate of MT of OSMF and to analyze the possible contributory factors such as age, gender, socioeconomic status, habits, various signs and symptoms, and presence of other oral PMDs in a group of OSMF patients attending the Oral Medicine Department.

Materials and Methods:

Out of 25,200 patients who visited the Outpatient Department of School of Dental Sciences, KIMSDU, Karad, from January 2017 to December 2020, 1342 (5.3%) were diagnosed with OSMF and comprised the study sample, in which 1300 (96.87%) were male and 42 (3.12) were female. All the patients were subjected to incisional biopsy, and clinical diagnosis was confirmed histopathologically.

Results:

The prevalence of OSMF was 5.3% with male predominance, and majority of OSMF patients were in the age group of 21–30 years. Betel chewer’s mucosa and leukoplakia was the most associated lesion. Out of total 1300 male and 42 female OSMF patients, 897 (69%) and 17 (40.47%) showed epithelial dysplasia, and 61 (4.69%) male and 1 (2.38%) female patients showed signs of MT, respectively.

Conclusion:

The present study highlights the importance of certain risk factors for OSMF that are associated with an increased chance of MT. There is an urgent need of awareness programs through public–private partnership.
The Scope of Virtual Dissection Modalities in Today’s Technological Era over the Conventional Anatomical Teaching
Authors: Anjankar Vaibhav , Chavan Gajanan Namdeorao , Wankhede Kanchankumar P , Hajare Shital
Published: August 2023

The branch of medicine is witnessing continuous makeover due to new knowledge or innovations in the field. The novel coronavirus pandemic also changed many of our mindsets. The traditional cadaveric dissection is also not an exception to this. The increasing shortage of cadavers for dissection, lack of public awareness of body donation program, etc., is important factors that generated the need of virtual dissection modalities. Many technologically advanced modalities are available worldwide. India is one of the largest Medical Education Hubs with hundreds of medical institutes across the country. Many multi-national companies and newly launched start-ups from India are focusing their attention toward virtual dissection modalities. These have revolutionaries the concept of teaching and learning through traditional cadaveric dissection. In this article, we presented some of the virtual dissection modalities and their pros/cons over the traditional teaching.
Evaluation of Effect of E-Learning on the Curriculum during the COVID-19 Era at a Private Dental College of Wardha District, Maharashtra: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Thosar Nilima , Wayakar Rutuja Bhalchandra , Srivastava Rashi , Mehta Jayati
Published: August 2023

Background:

The purpose of the study is to illustrate the preferential levels of e-learning and to highlight the effect of e-learning in comparison to the traditional method of learning among students to ultimately improve academic performance.

Aims:

The aim of this study is to compare and evaluate the expectations and effects of e-learning on the dental education among students and staff members at a private dental college of Wardha district, Maharashtra.

Methodology:

A cross-sectional study was conducted on 499 students to assess the perception of undergraduate students, interns, and faculty members of a private dental college of Wardha district, Maharashtra, on the impact of e-learning on the understanding of lectures during the COVID-19 period. For data collection, an online questionnaire using Google Forms was prepared. For further understanding of the data, 21 questions were divided into three sections. The first section collects data regarding demographic details such as age, sex, and professional status. The second section had questions regarding the choice of e-learning tools and feasibility, whereas the third section had questions to understand the impact of e-learning on mental and physical health as well as effect on curriculum.

Statistical Analysis Used:

For statistical analysis, SPSS version 24 was used. Analysis of statistics by Chi-square test was done using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results:

All faculty members, interns, PGs, and UGs agreed that their screen time increased during COVID-19 as online classes were the primary source of learning. During this era, out of all, 67.89% of faculties, 62.96% of interns, 54.95% of UGs, and 60.67% of PGs encountered vision-related problems such as headache, burning sensation, and dryness of eyes. Faculty members experienced back and neck pain. Almost all participants agreed that they felt isolated using e-lectures. Further, when they were asked about their preferred mode for learning, live/offline mode was preferred over e-learning by 100% of faculty members, 93.63% of interns, 86.08% of UGs, and 88.89% of PGs. Furthermore, all participants showed their strong disagreement for using e-learning as their primary source of learning.

Conclusions:

During COVID-19, e-learning helped us to provide education across the country; however, its use as primary learning media should be judiciously carried out as it may affect the mental and physical health of the patient in long term.
Role of GATA-3 Expression in Urothelial Carcinoma and ITS Correlation with p53 by Immunohistochemistry
Authors: Chandra Kalpana , Mishra Anuja , Singh Sanjeet Kumar , Kumar Nidhish , Upadhyay Rohit , Kumar Umesh , Atique Amad , Singh Tanwi
Published: August 2023

Background and Objectives:

Urothelial carcinomas are known for divergent differentiation, which often poses diagnostic challenges. The use of immunohistochemistry (IHC) markers helps in differentiating these entities and provides insight into tumor pathogenesis. This study is done with the objective of evaluating significant clinicopathological and histomorphological features of urothelial carcinoma and correlating with GATA-3 and P53 staining.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 59 cases of urothelial tumors were included in this prospective study. Tissue samples were processed, and H and E-stained slides were evaluated and reported as per the WHO/International Society of Urologic Pathology Classification of bladder tumor 2016. IHC for GATA-3 and p53 was performed using respective monoclonal primary antibodies for GATA-3 and p53.

Statistical Analysis:

The correlation between GATA-3 and other classical clinicopathological parameters was studied by Chi-square test. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

In the present study, out of 59 cases, there was a male preponderance with an M: F ratio of 7.4:1 and an age range of 25–85 years. High-grade urothelial carcinoma was the most common histologic subtype. GATA-3 expression was seen in 93.2% of cases. There was a statistically significant correlation of GATA-3 expression with hematuria and dysuria. GATA-3 expression was compared with significant histopathological parameters and a significant correlation of the above parameters with GATA-3 expression was observed. High P53 expression was seen in the majority of high-grade tumors, with only a single case of low-grade UC showing strong P 53 reactivity.

Conclusion:

GATA-3 is a sensitive IHC marker to diagnose urothelial carcinoma. GATA-3 expression intensity and proportion show significant association with histopathological parameters and may play an important role in stratifying high-risk patients.
Guillain-Barré Syndrome in Children: A Narrative Review
Authors: Chimegave Anjali Atul , Vagha Keta Jayant
Published: August 2023

Among the most typical reason of sudden, acquired weakness is Guillain-Barré Syndrome characterized by symmetrical ascending paralysis which is frequently sparked by an earlier illness. “Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy,” one of the prevailing kinds of Guillian-Barre Syndrome, is divided into four subtypes: acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, Miller Fisher syndrome, acute motor sensory axonal neuropathy, and acute motor axonal neuropathy. Guillain-Barré syndrome can happen at any age, but it is frequently seen in persons over 40 years. More often, males are impacted. This syndrome lasts for 4 weeks, but if it is prolonged than that, it can be categorized as subacute, and if it lasts longer than 8 weeks, it can be classified as chronic. An antecedent infection is present in 70% of patients. The most frequent trigger for Guillain-Barré Syndrome is Campylobacter jejuni, along with the Cytomegalovirus, Zika virus, mycoplasma, hepatitis A and B, and human immunodeficiency virus. The antecedent infection generally occurs 1 to 3 weeks before. The pathogenesis of the disease solely based on the molecular mimicry. In some circumstances, collapse of respiratory system and autonomic dysfunction might make Guillain-Barré Syndrome more difficult to treat.
Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio as Inflammatory Marker in Preeclampsia: A Scoping Review
Authors: Thombare Dipanjali , Bhalerao Anuja , Joshi Sulabha , Rao Shradhha , Chavan Ankit , Najan Ashwini
Published: August 2023

Background:

Preeclampsia (PE) is characterized as pregnancy-related hypertensive disease with unclear pathophysiology but causes tremendous fetomaternal death. Some predisposing factors considered to be responsible are statistical characteristics, hereditary and factors in the environment should purpose local abnormalities in activation of cytogenic elements along with integrins, matrix metalloproteinases, cytokines, and foremost histocompatibility complex molecules mainly responsible for reduced blood supply to placenta and fetus, trophoblastic cellular apoptosis and abnormal placentation.

Aim:

In the current scoping review (ScR), the detection of PE using neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) as an inflammatory marker which is easily available at primary health system.

Methodology:

The subject’s relevant researches were found using an ScR format from database searches in PubMed and Google Scholar. Out of 179 articles 10 fulfilled inclusion criteria which were systematically reviewed and underwent meta-analysis to highlight the knowledge gaps and further additional case–control study done in tertiary care center.

Conclusion:

Maternal NLR and PLR resulting from whole blood cell count is an easily available and routinely performed test, obtained as cost-benefit biomarkers for the early prediction of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.
Right Ventricular Strain: Clinical Application
Authors: Govind Satish Chandra
Published: August 2023

For many decades assessment of right ventricular function has been a challenge, with several parameters available for use but none being reliable and accurate. The oldest and still the most widely used is tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), which has its own technical limitations. Later, the arrival of tissue Doppler imaging provided an additional parameter, with its measurement of peak systolic velocity of the lateral annulus of the tricuspid annulus, but this being angle-dependent also showed limited utility, like TAPSE. The advent of speckle-tracking echocardiography over the last decade, which is not angle-dependent and less load dependent, heralded a new way of looking at the RV function landscape. Despite some technical challenges, it has shown itself to be acceptable and has increasingly been used as a reliable parameter in clinical settings over the last few years. It has been recommended as a parameter with high feasibility and reproducibility.
On volumes of hyperbolic right-angled polyhedra
Authors: Alexandrov Stepan Andreevich , Bogachev Nikolay Vladimirovich , Vesnin Andrei Yurievich , Egorov Andrei Aleksandrovich
Published: August 2023

New upper bounds for the volumes of right-angled polyhedra in hyperbolic space $\mathbb{H}^3$ are obtained in the following three cases: for ideal polyhedra with all vertices on the ideal hyperbolic boundary; for compact polyhedra with only finite vertices; and for finite-volume polyhedra with vertices of both types.
Bibliography: 23 titles.
Multiplicities of limit cycles appearing after perturbations of hyperbolic polycycles
Authors: Dukov Andrei Valerevich
Published: August 2023

The problem of the multiplicity of limit cycles appearing after a perturbation of a hyperbolic polycycle with generic set of characteristic numbers is considered. In particular, it is proved that the multiplicity of any limit cycle appearing after a perturbation in a smooth finite-parameter family does not exceed the number of separatrix connections forming the polycycle.
Bibliography: 10 titles.
Outcomes of patients with COVID-19 requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and continuous renal replacement therapy in the United States
Authors: Palacios Carlos R Franco , Hoxhaj Rudiona , Thigpen Catlyn , Jacob Jeffrey , Bhatnagar Atul , Saberi Asif
Published: August 2023

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Some patients develop severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and kidney failure requiring the combination of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). Methods: Retrospective cohort study of 127 consecutive patients requiring combined ECMO and CRRT support in intensive care units at an ECMO center in Marietta, GA, United States. Results: Sixty and 67 patients with and without COVID-19, respectively, required ECMO-CRRT support. After adjusting for confounding variables, patients with COVID-19 had increased mortality at 30 days (hazard ratio [HR], 5.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.51–10.7; P<0.001) and 90 days (HR, 6.23; 95% CI, 2.60–14.9; P<0.001). Conclusions: In this retrospective study, patients with COVID-19 who required ECMO-CRRT had increased mortality when compared to patients without COVID-19.
Exploring the corrosion inhibition of magnesium by coatings formulated with nano CeO and ZrO particles
Authors: K. Neela Murali V. , S. Starvin M. , Bensam Raj J.
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT. In this study, zirconium oxide (ZrO)-cerium oxide (CeO) based composite coatings were fabricated using doctor blade method to protect pure magnesium from corrosion. The effects of ZrO and CeO on corrosion resistance of magnesium coatings were investigated using Tafel polarization method. Uniform deposition of composite coating without micro-voids was observed from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The results exhibit that the addition of CeO show a higher corrosion resistance in comparison with the specimen coated without CeO in the electrolyte and bare Mg, and also it reduces the corrosion rate of Mg up to 3.67 x 10-5 mpy. Surface morphology of the so developed composite coating result a minimum corrosion on the surface. The usage of ZrO/CeO as coating material is a promising anticorrosive measure for Mg and its alloys due to its elevated corrosion resistance and durability.

 

KEY WORDS: Magnesium, Cerium oxide synthesis, composite coating, Tafel polarization, Surface morphology

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(5), 1299-1306.                                                    

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i5.20
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Stroke Cases in Murtala Muhammed Specialist Hospital, Kano, Nigeria: A retrospective study
Authors: Adam Sadiya Ibrahim , Tela Idris Abdu , Sunusi Abdulrashid , Asuku Abdullahi Yusuf
Published: August 2023

Stroke is a cerebrovascular disease that disturbs or damages the blood supply to the brain. This study aimed to evaluate the  demographic and clinical characteristics of stroke cases in Murtala Muhammed Specialist Hospital, Kano, Nigeria. Five years of records of  three hundred (300) stroke patients comprised of biodata and clinical data were collected. The data were expressed as mean±SD, while simple percentage and Chi-square (χ2) tests were used to determine the incidence and association between the variables respectively  using Minitab 17.0 software. The results showed an incidence of 182 (61%) males and 118 (39%) females, 265 (78%) and 65 (22%) for the  above and below 40 years age groups respectively. The Hausa, Yoruba and Igbo ethnic groups have an incidence of 258 (86%), 24 (8%),  and 18 (6%) respectively. The yearly incidence was 40 (13%), 50 (17%), 20 (7%), 56 (17%), and 134 (45%) for 2017 through 2021,  respectively. The incidence of hemorrhagic, ischaemic, and transient ischaemic attack strokes were, 222 (74%), 63 (21%), and 15 (5%),  while that of left, right, and both sides impairments were 144 (48%), 138 (46%), and 18 (6%), respectively. The common risk factors were  hypertension (50%) and hypotension (20%), diabetes mellitus 54 (18%), and others 12 (4%) and 3 (1%) respectively. No association  between sex and stroke types (P = 0.553). Conclusively, although intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke, right-side impairment, and  hypertension were the most common stroke types, disabilities, and risk factors, respectively there was no association obtained between  sex and the incidence of stroke type.