bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tourism and recreation in blue carbon ecosystems: Exploring synergies, trade-offs and pathways to sustainability
Authors: Suresh Ahalya , Wartman Melissa , Rasheed A. Rifaee , Macreadie Peter
Published: February 2025

Blue carbon ecosystems (BCEs) represent a significant natural solution for climate change mitigation through their capacity to sequester large amounts of organic carbon. These coastal habitats also provide an array of co-benefits, such as biodiversity enrichment, livelihood support, and opportunities for tourism and recreational activities. However, these ecosystems are increasingly threatened by human activities, including unsustainable tourism practices. To get a deeper understanding into the current trends and uncover key research gaps related to tourism synergies and trade-offs with BCEs, we conducted a global systematic literature review of published research The review highlights the evolution of tourism impacts on BCEs. Our findings reveal a significant increase in publications related to tourism impacts and BCEs from 2016, peaking in 2021. Ecology-based studies dominate the research space, with nearly half of the studies concentrating solely on ecotourism, underscoring its prominence within tourism research. Mangroves emerge as the most frequently reported ecosystem type, with most studies conducted in Indonesia and China. When tourism synergies and trade-offs were mapped, it showed that ecotourism is strongly associated with synergies including raising conservation awareness and promoting pro-environmental behaviors. Economically, ecotourism contributes to income generation and livelihood development. However, ecotourism activities have also reported trade-offs linked to ecosystem damage, loss, and environmental pollution. These findings emphasize the dual role of tourism as both a potential driver of ecosystem conservation and a contributor to environmental degradation. Our findings emphasize the need for sustainable tourism initiatives that align with conservation goals and socioeconomic and cultural interests. Holistic and integrated approaches to ecosystem and tourism management are also needed to achieve more sustainable outcomes.
Globalization and Diversity Requirement in Higher Education
Authors: Marzouk Osama A.
Published: February 2025

In order to prepare college students for a world with increasing globalization, several universities implemented a diversity requirement program for undergraduate students. This study discusses the importance and impact of diversity in higher education, and then presents several surveys and studies that have been conducted at the national level or within an individual university regarding diversity and diversity requirement programs. The study also compares various models of these programs and investigates some of them in details, including their mission, theme, and implementation.
Statistical Power: How Not to Miss What’s Right in Front of You
Authors: Buchanan Erin Michelle
Published: February 2025

In this chapter, we discuss the definitions of power and how to interpret power in Null Hypothesis Significance Testing. Next, the main determinants of power are outlined including the sample size, effect size (and variability), \alpha, and the type of statistical test. Each influence on power is demonstrated with example studies on statistics education and data literacy. Different types of power analyses, planning for sample sizes and sensitivity, are illustrated using power tables, popular programs, simulation, and accuracy in parameter estimation. Last, the limitations of power—especially what it does not tell you and what you should not do—are outlined to warn you about the potential misuses of power analyses. Suggestions on appropriate power planning are provided at the end of the chapter.
Sterol deprivation elicits a somatic cost exclusively towards Drosophila melanogaster males that are reproductively-active
Authors: McCracken Andrew W , White Nicola , Tanianis-Huges Jola , Rosca Elena , Gill Thomas , McKinney Libby , Morimoto Juliano , Wigby Stuart
Published: February 2025

The extension of lifespan via the restriction of nutrients (dietary restriction) remains a poorly-understood phenomenon both within the context of life-history theory, and at a mechanistic level, despite presenting as an ideal opportunity for targeted interventions. A body of evidence has formed, disputing the classical model of a simple, strategic allocation of energy towards either reproduction or somatic maintenance; macronutrient, and more recently, micronutrient intake (like methionine) has been shown to play a role in mediating plastic responses in fitness components, often obscuring an observable physiological trade-off. Sterols are non-energy yielding, and their depletion in the female fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) has previously been shown to mediate a cost to lifespan. Flies are sterol auxotrophs, necessitating uptake from the environment, and are additionally largely post-mitotic, so may only require for maintaining reproductive output. The manipulation of dietary sterol availability in the fly therefore presents a unique opportunity to test nutrient-specific costs of reproduction. Here, we utilise a fully chemically-defined diet with an exome-matched amino acid ratio to specifically deplete cholesterol from the nutritional environment, and find costs are realised solely in the lifespan of frequently-mating males, with no concomitant cost realised in reproductive fitness. We cautiously interpret these findings as the preferential sequestering of cholesterol from the soma to maximise reproductive fitness, but also suggest a potential role of steroid hormone biosynthesis dysregulation. In contrast to previous work, we additionally find that predictions derived from life-history theory are indeed generalisable to male flies, since males exhibit a nutritional trade-off between high- and low-protein diets, suggestive of disparate strategies. Given the attenuated lifespan responses to macronutrient change, we speculate individuals may be more tolerant to overconsumption of dietary proteins when amino acid ratios are matched to the needs of the consumer. These data further reinforce the importance of considering both the often-overlooked costs of reproduction in males, and the macronutritional context of a micronutritional intervention.
Neural Synthesis of Cryptographic Entropy for Autonomous Ransomware Detection via Spectral Cipher Pattern Analysis
Authors: Fasano Jason , Blackwood Nathaniel , Redmayne Oscar , Marchington Christabel , Allerdale Remington
Published: February 2025

The increasing sophistication of encryption-based cyber threats has necessitated the development of detection methodologies capable of distinguishing between legitimate cryptographic operations and adversarial encryption strategies. The introduction of entropy synthesis as a classification mechanism has provided a statistically driven approach that does not rely on predefined attack signatures or static heuristic parameters. The proposed framework integrates Neural Synthesis of Cryptographic Entropy (NSCE) with Spectral Cipher Pattern Analysis (SCPA) to identify encryption anomalies through a combination of entropy residual synthesis and frequency-domain entropy evaluations. The ability to generate synthetic entropy sequences enables a comparative analysis between observed encryption artifacts and neural-synthesized entropy baselines, ensuring that adversarial encryption modifications remain detectable even when attackers employ polymorphic and metamorphic techniques. The empirical evaluation demonstrated that NSCE-SCPA consistently outperformed conventional signature-based and heuristic-driven classification methods, particularly in identifying ransomware families that employed hybrid encryption methodologies or intermittent encryption routines. The computational efficiency of the framework remained within practical constraints, allowing for real-time applications without excessive resource demands. The classification of ransomware-driven encryption activities through spectral entropy differentials provided an adaptive detection mechanism that maintained high precision while reducing susceptibility to adversarial evasion strategies. The results validated the hypothesis that entropy synthesis combined with spectral entropy decomposition established a classification model capable of generalizing across dynamically evolving ransomware encryption techniques.
The role of inharmonicity on listeners’ ability to hear out voices in polyphonic music
Authors: Bogaard Lisanne Gabriella , Mesik Juraj , Oxenham Andrew
Published: February 2025

While speech perception amidst competing talkers is well-studied, the perception of polyphonic music remains less explored. Pitch differences aid in source segregation, yet reductions in harmonicity have relatively little effect on speech intelligibility in such conditions. We hypothesized that source identification and segregation in music would rely more on harmonicity, given the central role of pitch in music and fewer alternative segregation cues, such as temporal incoherence. Polyphonic vocal passages from a female singer were generated from four-second MIDI excerpts. Inharmonic versions were created by introducing random frequency deviations within the first 30 harmonics of each note. Two main experiments were conducted: Experiment 1 involved participants estimating the number of voices in passages with one to five simultaneous voices; Experiment 2 involved participants attending to one voice within a two- to five-voice passage and reporting whether a final probe tone matched the pitch of the last note in the attended voice. Both experiments varied the degree of inharmonicity. Performance decreased with increasing inharmonicity and voice count, though participants remained above chance in all conditions. The results confirm the importance of harmonicity in source segregation within music but suggest that some segregation ability remains even when harmonicity is severely degraded.
Documentary films can increase nationwide interest in plant-based food
Authors: thomas anna , Hope Jessica Elizabeth , Mathur Maya B
Published: February 2025

We investigated national-level impacts of media advocating plant-based diets. Search volume for popular films explains the majority of variance in searches for plant-based food, but is not associated with consumption. For three health-focused documentaries, we estimated that a standard deviation increase in searches for each film increases searches for plant-based food by up to 43% in the following week. Our findings can inform approaches for raising awareness of sustainable diets.
Individual variability in mental imagery vividness does not predict perceptual interference with imagery: A replication study of Cui et al., 2007
Authors: Azañón Elena , Pounder Zoë , Figueroa Alec , Reeder Reshanne R
Published: February 2025

Vivid visual mental imagery is thought to influence perceptual processing, but much of the current knowledge on this comes from one highly-cited, though underpowered (N=8) study from 2007, which found that more vivid imagery increases interference between imagined and perceptual content. However, that study has not been repeated since. We therefore conducted a conceptual (Experiment 1) and direct (Experiment 2) replication study. In Experiment 1, we recruited 185 online participants across the mental imagery spectrum, including individuals with self-reported aphantasia (the absence of mental imagery) and hyperphantasia (extremely vivid imagery). In Experiment 2, we recruited 56 participants, 28 with self-reported aphantasia and 28 gender- and age-matched typical imagers. We predicted that those with more vivid imagery would exhibit stronger imagery-perception interference, as measured by decreased performance in a modified Stroop task when the word and color were congruent compared to incongruent, consistent with the 2007 study's interpretation. We were unable to replicate this effect in either experiment. Instead, we observed performance benefits for color-word congruency across the mental imagery spectrum, with no difference in the magnitude of this effect across imagery ability or vividness, even among those with extreme imagery variations (aphantasia, hyperphantasia). Interestingly, we observed a significant relationship between a measure of mental imagery realism and the congruency effect, where individuals with the ability to project their mental images into the external environment (i.e., prophantasia) showed stronger congruency effects. This finding challenges our current understanding of the role of mental imagery in perception.
Antisocial and Prosocial Behaviors as Predictors of Subsequent Substance Use in Adolescence
Authors: Jangard Simon , Olsson Andreas , Samuelson Yasmina Molero , Jayaram-Lindström Nitya , Raninen Jonas
Published: February 2025

Background. Antisocial behavior is a known risk factor for substance use in adolescence, but the combined effects of antisocial and prosocial behaviors are unknown. This study examined whether five types of anti- and prosocial behaviors are associated with subsequent alcohol and substance use.Methods. A prospective longitudinal cohort study of 3817 adolescents (55.3% females) aged 15 at baseline (T1) and 17 at follow-up (T2). Self-reports at T1 measured antisocial behaviors (criminal behavior, conduct problems) and prosocial behaviors (global prosociality, general trust, institutional trust). T2 measures included alcohol use (hazardous use, alcohol use disorder), drug use, and nicotine use. Results. Antisocial behaviors positively predicted all types of substance use (X2 = 5.79 to 59.07, p < .001), while prosocial behaviors negatively predicted most substance use measures (X2 = -5.64 to 86.14, p = .862 to < .001). After adjusting for covariance between antisociality and prosociality, it was found that conduct problems (X2 = 5.54 to 32.22, p = .005 to < .001), criminal behavior (X2 = 3.61 to 33.77, p = .007 to < .001), and institutional trust (X2 = -3.92 to 27.56, p = .262 to < .001), were the most important predictors. Conclusions. Antisocial behaviors and deficits in institutional trust at age 15 are strong and unique predictors of substance use and alcohol use disorder by age 17. This specific spectrum of social behaviors during the critical phase of adolescence is of relevance from a prevention perspective to minimize the risk of later development of substance abuse.
Complex Adaptive Systems Framework for Developmental Potential, Computational and Cognitive Modeling and Multi-level Emergence of Cognitive Functions.
Authors: Huckvale Jonathon T
Published: February 2025

This study examines the intersection of cognitive function analysis, developmental psychology, and artificial intelligence-assisted evaluation within the framework of Dabrowski’s Theory of Positive Disintegration (TPD). Through a mixed-methods approach, it evaluates the distribution of cognitive functions among undergraduate students in different academic disciplines, analyzes their developmental narratives using Dabrowski’s rating procedure, and assesses the viability of AI models in replicating human developmental assessment. Findings reveal patterns of cognitive function alignment with specific academic domains, highlight cultural and social biases in cognitive function expression, and demonstrate the potential of AI-driven developmental analysis. This research expands the applicability of Dabrowski’s work beyond the field of gifted education, incorporating machine learning and psycholinguistic models to refine our understanding of human developmental potential.
Delay Coordinate Embedding as Neuronally Implemented Information Processing: The State Space Theory of Consciousness
Authors: O'Reilly-Shah Vikas N
Published: February 2025

Despite intensive effort, a satisfactory scientific theory of consciousness remains elusive. This paper introduces the State Space Theory, aiming to meet key criteria for a theory of consciousness while providing a satisfactory framework consistent with neurobiological and philosophical considerations. The theory posits that the cortex processes information through delay coordinate embedding within recurrent neural networks. These networks create state space representations of reality, forming hierarchical, pseudo-hierarchical, and parallel pathways. Under this theory, consciousness is posited to arise at the highest-order engines in this hierarchy, with complex behavioral options competing within these engines. The theory emphasizes that consciousness is a dynamic process, not representable within a static neuronal state, and develops uniquely in each individual due to history-dependent development of the processing engines.Neuronally, these delay coordinate embedding engines are posited to form recurrent networks that process information by integrating current and past data to reconstruct models of reality, leveraging the power of Takens' Theorem. These engines would themselves exhibit nonlinear dynamics sensitive to initial conditions. This mechanism aligns with the subjective and emergent properties of consciousness, explaining phenomena like binocular rivalry and ambiguous figures. The theory also addresses cortical plasticity and the heuristic nature of cortical processing, aligning with neurobiological evidence supporting the idea that the cortex's information processing is generic rather than specialized.The State Space Theory aligns with and expands upon major theories like Higher-Order Theories, Global Workspace Theories, Integrated Information Theory, and Predictive Processing Theories by providing a computational mechanism for hierarchical integration and recurrent processing. Philosophically, it reconciles dualist intuitions with a monist perspective, positing that consciousness emerges from dynamic brain processes rather than static states. The theory addresses the unity of consciousness and the privacy of subjective experiences, offering a new framework to understand free will within deterministic systems. Future work will refine this theory, exploring its neural mechanisms and validating its predictions, advancing our understanding of consciousness.
On the Measurement and Conceptualization of Parental Rules
Authors: Schulze Emily Megumi , Schwarz-Torres John , Kemp Emily , Patel Herry , Pelham William E.
Published: February 2025

Parental rules have been curiously neglected from a conceptual and measurement perspective. The first half of this paper reviews the literature to show that there is no commonly used, standardized measure of rules. Rules are typically measured either with unvalidated ad hoc standalone items or incidentally measured with 1-2 items on multi-item scales assessing a broader parenting construct (e.g., discipline). Construct definitions are rarely stated, often circular, and inconsistent between authors. As a result, the empirical literature on parental rules is difficult to appraise and synthesize. The second half of this paper proposes a new framework for conceptualizing parental rules that includes an explicit, non-circular construct definition and delineates 7 dimensions along which a parental rule can vary. The framework is designed to be universally applicable across youth behaviors and scientific fields and enable a more rigorous science of parental rules.
ARTEM-IS for ERP: Agreed Reporting Template for EEG Methodology - International Standard for Event-Related Potential Experiments
Authors: Kovic Vanja , Šoškić Anđela , Algermissen Johannes , Fischer Nastassja Lopes , Ganis Giorgio , Gau Remi , Niso Guiomar , Oostenveld Robert , Pajić Dejan , Pavlov Yuri G. , Stekić Katarina , Yang Yu-Fang , Styles Suzy J , Mushtaq Faisal
Published: February 2025

Given that the choices made during recording, preprocessing and analysis of event-related potentials (ERP) data can affect study outcomes, it is critical that they are transparently reported to allow for reproducibility and replicability. Yet, systematic reviews of reporting practices in the field have shown that journal articles do not meet this goal and that guidelines for writing them better have not resulted in a sufficient improvement to reporting transparency.ARTEM-IS aims to address this issue by building dynamic, interactive web applications that support documenting information required by existing publication guidelines in the form of a standardised metadata template. Completing an ARTEM-IS form results in a human-reader-friendly PDF and a machine-readable JSON summary of methodological information, which allows for a level of reporting precision higher than what is typically found in journal articles. These can be used as supplements to a publication, as a memory aid when writing a paper, or as records that allow easier metadata extraction in comparison to verbal descriptions in papers.Here, we present the ARTEM-IS for ERP, which supports describing a typical ERP study, including most of its core methodological aspects (study description, experimental design, hardware, data acquisition, pre-processing, measurement, visualisation, additional comments). We discuss the current contents of the form, web application functionalities, current limitations, and potential directions for future developments. In addition, the process of building the form contents and the web application through a collaborative grassroots initiative is described. Finally, we argue that a wider adoption of ARTEM-IS can bring benefits to different stakeholders: researchers themselves or their collaborators, especially on large-scale projects, reviewers, readers of a paper, and the scientific community at large.
Identification of the optimal scoring algorithm for a closed-format Faux Pas Recognition Test
Authors: Burghardt Juliane , Gradl Silvia , Knopp Magdalena , Oppenauer Claudia , Sprung Manuel
Published: February 2025

The Faux Pas Recognition Test (FPT) is a popular Theory of Mind (ToM) measure, which has previously been used with an open-answer format. The scoring and interpretation of this format is time-consuming and challenging. Additionally, there is currently no consensus on the correct scoring algorithm. We developed a closed answer format and compared various scoring algorithms to optimize this ToM measure. To assess the convergent and divergent validity, we compared correlations between the improved FPT and another ToM measure (the Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition; MASC) and an emotion recognition test (the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test; RMET). Further, we used a ROC analysis, to test which scoring algorithms could best differentiate between a community sample and three clinical samples. The results indicated that the empathy score suggested by Stone et al. (1998a) showed the highest convergent validity and lowest divergent validity. Further, it optimally differentiated between clinical and community samples. Thus, this scoring algorithm showed good construct validity, while at the same time identifying ToM impairments. Based on theoretical considerations, we also suggest to include the intention score. The study emphasizes the importance of selecting validated algorithms for more reliable and valid results.
Sosialisasi Upaya Pengendalian Penyakit Udang Vaname di Desa Maroneng, Kabupaten Pinrang
Authors: Mulyadin Aldy , Arma Nur Rahmawaty , Dewi Indriani , Fadhil Ahmad
Published: February 2025

Kabupaten pinrang adalah satu dari beberapa kabupaten pengembangan budidaya udang vaname di Sulawesi Selatan yang belum optimal. Hal ini dikarenakan kegagalan produksi petambak udang vaname akibat serangan penyakit. Program penyuluhan ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan pembudidaya dalam meminimalisir penyebab penyakit pada lingkungan akuakultur. Kegiatan sosialisasi ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April 2024 di Desa Maroneng Kecamatan Duampanua, Kabupaten Pinrang. Pada kegiatan penyuluhan ini menggunakan tiga metode diantaranya ceramah, diskusi/survei, dan pengambilan sampel pada tambak masyarakat. Hal ini disebabkan oleh banyaknya penyakit yang mengintai tambak udang dan siap untuk menginfeksi udang budidaya maka dibutuhkan keterlibatan dan partisipasi aktif mulai dari pembudidaya, akademisi hingga birokrat sangat dibutuhkan dalam pelaksanaan budidaya yang berkelanjutan. Penerapan biosekuriti dapat menjadi langkah pencegahan ataupun pengendalian penyakit pada budidaya udang. Kepadatan bakteri dan bakteri Vibrio sp. dalam tambak masyarakat masih dalam batas minimum yang dapat menyebabkan kematian udang budidaya akibat serangan penyakit. Bakteri penyebab penyakit dapat ditemukan pada air dan sedimen media budidaya.
Ehela Kola Kayama (Traditional Polyherbal Preparation) Mentioned in Deshiya Chikitsa Samgrahaya Introduced as a Functional Food for Malnutrition
Authors: Gunawardhana R. M. R. , Kaushalya H. B. D. , Weerakoon W. A. S. S.
Published: February 2025

Ehela Kola Kayama (EKK) in Deshiya Chikitsa Samgrahaya is a distinctive Sri Lankan traditional preparation for malnutrition. WHO defines malnutrition as deficiencies, excesses, imbalances, and impaired utilization; Sri Lanka's underweight children rise to 15.3% in 2022. The study aimed to review the ingredients of EKK with pharmacodynamic properties and introduce it as a functional food for malnutrition. The study follows PRISMA guidelines and searches 64 journal articles in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science databases, and Google Scholar search engine from 2021 to 2023. The ingredients of EKK are Ehela Kola (Cassia fistula), Parana Siyambala (Tamarindus indica L.), Suduru (Cuminum cyminum), Mahaduru (Foeniculum vulgare), Asamodagam (Trachyspermum ammi), Sudu Lunu (Allium arenarium), Sungu (Pistacia integerrima), Aralu (Terminalia Chebula), Viyali Iguru (Zingiber officinale), Gammiris (Piper nigrum), and Thippili (Piper longum). Upon analyzing Katu (pungent) and Kashaya (astringent) tastes, Laghu (lightness) and Ruksha (roughness) properties were prominent. Ushna Veerya (hot potency) and Katu Vipaka (post-digestive effect) are found in most ingredients. Deepana (appetizer) and Pachana (digestive), Ushna Veerya, Katu and Tikta Rasa, Laghu, Ruksha, and Thikshna Guna promote Agni (digestive fire) and relieve Srotorodha (channel obstruction), which corrects Dhatu Poshana Krama (nourishes the tissues). Ayurveda emphasizes the correction of Agni, a vital factor for health, and treating ailments including malnutrition. It improves Ojas (immunity) and provides Vyadhikshamathva (resistance to diseases). Most components contain active chemicals, such as Glycosides, Fatty Acids, Flavonoids, vitamin B complexes, and Iron, which are nutritional and digestive stimulators with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties. As per the reviewed data, it can be concluded that EKK is a potent digestion promoter in individuals, enhances metabolism, and empowers the process of Saptha Dhatu (essential body tissues) formation and Ojas, thereby having potential qualities as a functional food. Further clinical and chemical studies must be conducted to introduce it as a functional food for malnutrition.
Natural Risks in Albania (Public Perception)
Authors: Jashiku Ermira
Published: February 2025

Albania is located in the south-eastern part of Europe, in the western part of the Balkan Peninsula. The geographical position and nat­ural conditions have favoured various natural hazards. This study aims to identify natural hazards and their impact in Albania as well as their dis­tribution and consequences according to the public perception. Using the GoogleForms platform, was created a questionnaire which was complet­ed by 364 people. Through their analysis, it was concluded that the public in general knows the natural hazards that affect Albania and the area of their spread, they have also determined the possibility of occurrence of haz­ards according to the regions of Albania. The respondents have identified that they do not have information on risk management and would like to be trained for it. The study of natural hazards would influence the design of policies for their management for sustainable development.
Calls for Regulation in AI: Examining the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Contemporary Issues Surrounding Sexual Abuse
Authors: Veleshnja Ina , Çeliku Xhei
Published: February 2025

Artificial Intelligence holds significant influence in the realm of on­line sexual abuse, revolutionizing both perpetration and prevention. Through sophisticated algorithms and machine learning, AI facilitates the prolifera­tion of explicit content, grooming techniques, and online exploitation. Its rap­id evolution enables predators to exploit vulnerabilities, evade detection, and manipulate victims. Conversely, AI-driven technologies offer promising av­enues for detection, intervention, and victim support. The following paper highlights the dual nature of AI’s impact on online sexual abuse, emphasizing the urgent need for comprehensive regulation, ethical guidelines, and collab­orative efforts to harness AI’s potential for safeguarding vulnerable individu­als in the digital age.
Joint Venture Strategy on the Example of Serbian Companies and Their Foreign Partners
Authors: Bevanda Vuk , Živaljević Aleksandra , Mojsilović Ljubica
Published: February 2025

A joint venture is a form of business cooperation in which two or more companies combine resources and capital to achieve specific goals, such as entering new markets, developing new products or services, and achieving a competitive advantage. This form of cooperation enables more efficient use of resources, risk reduction, and expansion of business activi­ties, but also brings certain challenges and risks. Also, joint ventures allow companies to take advantage of economies of scale, reduce costs and im­prove business efficiency. The paper will analyze the advantages of joint ventures through selected examples from practice.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Abnormal Ultrasonographic Findings of Hemiplegic and Non-Hemiplegic Shoulders in Patients after Stroke
Authors: Kridrum Nipa , Saengsuwan Jittima , Sirasaporn Patpiya
Published: February 2025

Objective: This study aimed to explore ultrasound (US) imaging in hemiplegic and non-hemiplegic shoulders in patients after stroke and to study factors associated with hemiplegic shoulder pain (HSP) and abnormal US findings on the hemiplegic side.Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore shoulder US imaging in hemiplegic and nonhemiplegic shoulders in a total of 60 patients after stroke and to study factors associated with HSP and abnormal US findings in the hemiplegic side of stroke patients who attended an outpatient rehabilitation clinic. Results: Sixty patients after stroke were enrolled in the study (40 men and 20 women). Their mean age was 58.7 years. The prevalence of shoulder pain was 63.3% (38/60). Among those with shoulder pain, 81.6% (31/38) reported pain on the hemiplegic side. Fifty-five patients (91.7%) had shoulder US abnormalities on the hemiplegic side whereas 45 patients (75.0%) had shoulder US abnormalities on the non-hemiplegic side. The three most common shoulder US abnormalities on the hemiplegic side were biceps peritendon effusion (66.7%), supraspinatus tendinosis (45.0 %), and positive dynamic supraspinatus impingement (26.7%). The three most common shoulder US abnormalities on the non-hemiplegic were supraspinatus tendinosis (36.7%), biceps peritendon effusion (33.3%), and subdeltoid-subacromial bursitis (18.3%). Conclusion: Shoulder pain and US abnormalities were prevalent in patients with hemiplegic stroke. Biceps peritendon effusion was the most common abnormality in shoulder US imaging on the hemiplegic side.
Assistance for IKM Aredo Tidar Sawe, Magelang City, in enhancing the slondok business
Authors: Rusdjijati Retno , Aprelia Mayang , Fithriyah Abidah Ardelia Belva , Rayhandita Putri , Indriani Aprilia Devi , Tina Fika Agus
Published: February 2025

IKM Aredo is a home-based food processing industry located in Kampung Tidar Sawe, Tidar Selatan Subdistrict, Magelang Selatan District, Magelang City. This business has been operating for ten years but has not yet developed optimally. This community service activity aims to assist IKM Aredo in enhancing knowledge and skills related to good production processes, creating attractive and protective packaging, and maintaining regular business bookkeeping. The activities were conducted in the form of socialization, training, practice, technology implementation, mentoring, monitoring, and evaluation. The results of this assistance include increased knowledge of good production practices, improved product packaging with safe and attractive labeling, and the implementation of regular business bookkeeping by the partners.
From waste to resource: Transforming used tires into crumb rubber for economic growth
Authors: Santoso Heru Agus , Wijaya Dewa Kusuma , Islahudin Nur , Suprijono Herwin
Published: February 2025

The increasing number of motorized vehicles in Indonesia has resulted in the accumulation of used tire waste, which is difficult to recycle or decompose. Crumb rubber, as a recycled product made from used tire waste, has great potential for use in various innovative applications. This activity program is partnered with the Repro UMKM group located in Nongko Lanang Hamlet, Wonolopo, Mijen District, Semarang City. The purpose of this community service is to implement innovative technology for processing used tire waste into crumb rubber as an industrial raw material for making high-quality products. The implementation of this program includes the fabrication of machines for crumb rubber production and providing technological education about the operation of the machines to the partners. Through this activity, partners are given the knowledge and skills needed to run the production process. The results of implementing crumb rubber technology provide significant benefits in terms of the economy, environment, and society. Economically, recycling used tire waste produces crumb rubber, which can increase partner income, with a market price of around IDR 65,000/kg. From an environmental perspective, crumb rubber offers a solution to the problem of used tire waste, reducing long-term negative impacts. On the social aspect, crumb rubber production activities create new jobs for business actors and communities that contribute to the provision of used tire waste.
APPLICATION OF BLENDED EDUCATIONAL FORMAT FOR TEACHING GRAPHIC DISCIPLINES IN WAR CONDITIONS
Authors:   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Sydorova N. V. , Dotsenko Yu. V. ,   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Published: February 2025

The full-scale war worsened access to education, deepened the existing educational inequalities, negatively affected the quality of the educational process and success, and also reflected on the psycho-emotional state of students. During the war, training has many features, there are also changes in the organization of the process itself, and usually they are of a negative nature. The article examines and analyzes the peculiarities of training during war conditions. Examples of execution by students of the specialization "Architecture of Buildings and Structures" of the graphic tasks "Construction shadows of a building" and "Construction shadows of a vase" after the lecture material and an example of execution in remote mode are given.
MODERN PROBLEMS OF CITY PLANNING (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE CITY OF AKTAU (SHEVCHENKO))
Authors:   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Kharytonova A. A. , Shuldan L. O. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: February 2025

The article examines the issues of architectural genesis, the phenomenon of rapid implementation, the reality and development prospects of one of the best new cities that won the highest architectural award of the 20th century, the Patrick Abercrombie Award - the city of Shevchenko (now Aktau), located on the shores of the Caspian Sea, near the western part of Kazakhstan. A significant place in the formation of the spiritually optimal living environment of the city, the imagery of the object-spatial environment of a person, belongs to the author's urban planning idea of purposeful architects, which, being implemented, carries its powerful social function for many decades and even centuries. The city is a powerful image that acts on the human consciousness, entering into a synthesis with the modern life of a certain historical stage of the city's emergence, growth and development. The most important urban planning problem is the renovation of the recreational coastal zone, which has been lost due to the uncontrolled expansion of chaotic private development of the last 30 years. And also the return of the social structure of community centers of microdistricts with the restoration of their architectural appearance. A positive example of this food can be built in the 60s and 70s of the 20th century. in the dead desert, the city of Shevchenko (Aktau). For architecture and urban planning, the time has come for research, multifaceted analysis, scientific conclusions, and the search for new ideas in the completed construction of this city, conceived by a talented team of designers. To combine their inspiration and urban vision with today's relevant scientific achievements, a syncretic approach to the development and management of a modern city.
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF CITY PARKS IN ODESA
Authors:   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Kyselovа G. V. , Kyselov V. M. ,   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Published: February 2025

The article examines the main problems and prospects for the development of city parks in order to improve their characteristics, preserve cultural heritage and provide comfortable conditions for visitors. Parks are important elements of urban infrastructure that provide the population with access to green spaces zones for recreation, physical activity and social interaction. However, over time, due to wear and tear and loss of functionality, parks may need reconstruction. Studying the problems of urban recreation facilities (parks, squares) is an important phenomenon in modern conditions. In addition to increasing the functionality of the object due to the organization of places of rest, one of the main the task is to improve the comfortable conditions of the visitors' stay, aesthetic appeal territory and visual emotional perception. Works on the reconstruction and transformation of the park the territory not only increases its recreational potential, but also helps to change the microclimate. In most cities of Ukraine, and specifically in the city of Odesa, parks are in varying degrees in need of reconstruction. With the introduction of new one’s modern landscaping elements will increase their attractiveness for visitors. Reconstruction of old parks losing their stability and attractiveness is necessary because it is being created overhanging tree trunks and branches pose a threat to vacationers. Also, the main task at reconstruction of the park is an expansion of the assortment of plants, which, as a rule, consists of a limited the number of species, and its diversity requires the planting of ornamental plants. The study emphasizes that the strength of the coast of Odessa, which determines the high prospects for the development of parks within the city, is the very nature of the southern coast of Ukraine, which is so impressive that in some places it can create ready-made park decorations. Exceptionally decorative natural elements of Ukrainian nature can be used in the organization of architectural park ensembles with the help of simple planning methods with a high level of efficiency. At the same time, the southern coast, together with Odesa, is experiencing a lack of organized, modern green recreational areas.
ДИДЖИТАЛІЗАЦІЯ ОСВІТИ НА СУЧАСНОМУ ЕТАПІ РОЗВИТКУ СУСПІЛЬСТВА
Authors: Гуревич Роман Семенович , Воєвода Аліна Леонідівна , Коношевський Олег Леонідович , Коваль Мирослав Стефанович , Кусій Мирослава Ігорівна
Published: February 2025

The concept of digitalisation has recently become frequently used in scientific publications and discussion platforms. Along with its advantages, digitalisation also creates certain problems in society. The latter can be particularly painful for the labour market environment. The authors' study was conducted to examine the main trends in digitalisation and its impact on the study of opportunities and threats for employers and employees in the context of accelerating digitalisation of education and professional training in addressing potential problems of staff and job shortages. It is important to teach future teachers not just the skills to work in a digital educational environment, but also to develop the digital competence necessary to improve the quality of their future professional activities. A university graduate must understand the leading trends in the digital transformation of the economy and culture of society; be proficient in digital technologies for learning and building an educational trajectory; be capable of searching, critical analysis, objective use and creative transformation of professionally relevant information. The authors of the article consider global factors shaping the economic development of the state in the medium term. The key areas for minimising risks for employers and labour resources in view of the new requirements for human capital are presented. The materials of the study may be of interest to a wide range of readers who make up the labour potential of the future, representatives of education and the scientific community.
ВПЛИВ АРХІТЕКТУРНИХ КОМПЛЕКСІВ РИМО-КАТОЛИЦЬКИХ КОСТЕЛІВ НА ФОРМУВАННЯ І РОЗВИТОК ПРОСТОРОВОЇ СТРУКТУРИ МАЛИХ МІСТ (НА ПРИКЛАДІ МІСТА ДУБРОВИЦЯ, АРХІТЕКТУРНИЙ КОМПЛЕКС КОСТЕЛУ СВЯТОГО ІОАННА ХРЕСТИТЕЛЯ З КОЛЕГІУМОМ РИМО-КАТОЛИЦЬКОГО ОРДЕНУ ПІАРІВ)
Authors: Сікорська К. С.
Published: February 2025

Проаналізовано фактор впливу архітектурних комплексів римо-католицьких костелів на розвиток просторової  структури малих міст на прикладі міста Дубровиця. Визначено критерії оцінки впливу римо-католицького осередку ордену піарів на містопланувальну структуру. Досліджено розвиток міста Дубровиця в контексті хронологічний, площинного та рольового критерію. Наведено основні ознаки впливу римо-католицьких костелів з прилеглими комплексами на мале місто.
OPTIMALISASI PENGELOLAAN PROYEK MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA HRN DALAM SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN PROYEK DI PERUSAHAAN PROPERTI
Authors: Supiana Nana , Darip Mochammad
Published: February 2025

Pengelolaan proyek yang efisien merupakan kunci utama dalam mencapai keberhasilan suatu proyek, namun sering kali terjadi permasalahan seperti penjadwalan yang tidak tepat dan pengalokasian sumber daya yang tidak optimal, yang dapat menghambat kemajuan proyek. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengoptimalkan pengelolaan proyek dengan menggunakan algoritma Highest Response Ratio Next (HRN) dalam Sistem Informasi Manajemen Proyek. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini melibatkan penerapan algoritma HRN untuk menentukan urutan pengerjaan tugas-tugas proyek berdasarkan rasio respons tertinggi, yang memungkinkan proyek diselesaikan dalam waktu yang lebih efisien dan mengoptimalkan penggunaan sumber daya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan algoritma HRN dapat mengurangi waktu penyelesaian proyek, memaksimalkan alokasi sumber daya, dan mengurangi penundaan dalam pelaksanaan proyek sebesar 15%. Hasil pengujian dengan pendekatan blackbox testing terhadap fitur-fitur pengembangan sistem informasi manajemen proyek dengan menerapkan algoritma HRN dinyatakan valid. Dan hasil uji keberterimaan sistem dari 20 uji instrumen, pengguna sistem menyatakan bahwa sistem ini mudah digunakan dan efektif dalam mengelola data proyek, dengan nilai-rata setiap instrument 83,23%.
Improving Our Knowledge of the Solar Near-Surface Shear Layer: The Special Case of the Leptocline
Authors: Rozelot Jean Pierre , Kosovichev Alexander , Kitiashvili Irina
Published: February 2025

The discovery of the solar activity cycle was linked from the outset to the observation of the temporal variability of sunspots, which we know to be the result of complex processes associated with the dynamics of inner layers. Numerous recent studies have highlighted changes in the Sun’s Near-Surface Shear Layer (NSSL), pointing to the role of the leptocline, a shallow and sharp rotational shear layer in the top \(\sim 8\) Mm. The leptocline, mainly characterized by a strong radial rotational gradient at middle latitudes and self-organized meridional flows, is the cradle of numerous phenomena: opacity, superadiabaticity, and turbulent pressure changes; the hydrogen and helium ionization processes; a sharp decrease in the sound speed; and, probably, variations of the seismic radius associated with a nonmonotonic expansion of subsurface layers with depth. In addition, the leptocline may play a key role in forming the magnetic butterfly diagram. Such results are a starting point for further systematic investigations of the structure and dynamics of this layer, which will lead to a better understanding of solar activity.
ANALISIS POTENSI BAHAYA KERJA MENGGUNAKAN METODE FAILURE MODE & EFFECT ANALYSIS (FMEA) DAN PROCESS DECISION PROGRAM CHART (PDPC)
Authors: Ikhsan Rayvaldo , Nur Muhammad , Isnaini Hadiyul Umam Muhammad , Rika
Published: February 2025

Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) merupakan isu yang signifikan di PT. XYZ, di mana masih sering terjadi kecelakaan kerja akibat ketidakpatuhan terhadap prosedur keselamatan dan kurangnya penggunaan alat pelindung diri (APD). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi bahaya kerja menggunakan metode Failure Mode & Effect Analysis (FMEA) dan Process Decision Program Chart (PDPC) guna meningkatkan keselamatan kerja. Metode FMEA digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi risiko utama melalui perhitungan nilai Risk Priority Number (RPN), sementara PDPC dirancang untuk merumuskan tindakan pencegahan terhadap potensi hambatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai RPN tertinggi terdapat pada gangguan pendengaran akibat kebisingan di divisi Stone Crusher, yang memerlukan pengendalian suara yang lebih efektif. Selain itu, implementasi PDPC menghasilkan rekomendasi seperti peningkatan pengawasan penggunaan APD, pelatihan K3, dan perbaikan tata kelola lantai kerja. Kesimpulannya, pendekatan FMEA dan PDPC efektif dalam mengidentifikasi serta memberikan solusi terhadap potensi bahaya kerja, yang diharapkan dapat mengurangi insiden kecelakaan dan meningkatkan produktivitas perusahaan.
Transverse Myelitis: Physiotherapy Assessment and Rehabilitative Interventions – A Review of Literature
Authors: Jaiswal Chaahat , Singh Shashiranjan , Asthana Sumit
Published: February 2025

Objective: Acute transverse myelitis (ATM) is a rare inflammatory demyelinating disorder characterized by relatively acute onset of motor, sensory and autonomic dysfunction. Children comprise 20% of total cases of ATM. In this review, we described the current literature on ATM, focusing on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, approach to diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment and outcome in the affected population.
Materials & Methods: We searched the related articles in electronic databases such as Scopus, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Springer and PubMed. All study designs were included.
Results: The related data focusing on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnostic approach and differential diagnosis, treatment and outcome of ATM were gathered and described.
Conclusion: The study concluded that no standard protocol for physiotherapy assessment and management is identified. The exercise program needs to incorporate task based functional training and recent advances such as Robotic therapy and Virtual Reality.
Keywords: Acute transverse myelitis, Transverse Myelitis, Transverse myelopathy, Acquired demyelinating syndromes, Myelitis, Physiotherapy in ATM.