bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recognition of Phytophthora infestans in potato
(Solanum tuberosum L.): Scr74 gene as an
example
Authors: Bitew Mulusew Kassa , Domazakis Emmanouil
Published: January 2017

Phytophthora infestans is the causal agent of late
blight, the most devastating disease of potato worldwide.
The P. infestans genome encodes potentially polymorphic
genes that evolve continually to evade the recognition of
plant R genes, though it has hundreds of predicted and
conserved effector proteins recognised by the plant. The
gene Scr74 encodes a predicted 74-amino acid secreted
cysteine-rich protein belonging to a highly polymorphic
gene family within P. infestans. This study screened the
recognition of Scr74 genes in wild potato genotypes
from August 2013 to January 2014 in the Plant Breeding
Laboratory of Wageningen University, the Netherlands. To
identify the recognition of the Scr74 gene, we grew potato
genotypes in the green house for PVX assays, detached leaf
assays and molecular work. Twenty-seven good-quality
sequences of the Scr74 gene variant with a length of 74
amino acids were found and more frequent amino acid
variation was detected on the mature protein. Seventeen
Scr74 constructs were identified as diversified and two
effectors were strongly recognised by wild S. verrucosum
genotypes via effectoromics from the PVX assay. A strong
plant cell death hypersensitive response (HR) was recorded
on wild S. verrucosum and S. tuberosum genotypes from
the detached leaf assay. This recognition seems to be a
useful indicator for the presence of a resistance gene (s) to
the polymorphic effectors of P. infestans (as it has seen on
Scr74 gene) in the wild potato genotypes.
Positioning and aligning CNTs by external magnetic field to assist localised epoxy cure
Authors: Ariu G. , Hamerton I. , Ivanov D.
Published: January 2017

This work focuses on the generation of conductive networks through the localised alignment of nano fillers, such as multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The feasibility of alignment and positioning of functionalised MWCNTs by external DC magnetic fields was investigated. The aim of this manipulation is to enhance resin curing through AC induction heating due to hysteresis losses from the nanotubes. Experimental analyses focused on in-depth assessment of the nanotube functionalisation, processing and characterisation of magnetic, rheological and cure kinetics properties of the MWCNT solution. The study has shown that an external magnetic field has great potential for positioning and alignment of CNTs. The study demonstrated potential for creating well-ordered architectures with an unprecedented level of control of network geometry. Magnetic characterisation indicated cobalt-plated nanotubes to be the most suitable candidate for magnetic alignment due to their high magnetic sensitivity. Epoxy/metal-plated CNT nanocomposite systems were validated by thermal analysis as induction heating mediums. The curing process could therefore be optimised by the use of dielectric resins. This study offers a first step towards the proof of concept of this technique as a novel repair technology.
Prüftechnik und deren Einfluss bei der Kalibrierung von Messwandlern
Authors: Mohns Enrico , Räther Peter
Published: January 2017

Bei der Richtigkeitsprüfung von Messwandlern für Verrechnungszwecke in anerkannten Stellen müssen zukünftig
Unsicherheitsnachweise im Rahmen des Qualitätsmanagements erbracht werden. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden daher die
Messabweichungen von Messwandlern definiert und deren Ursachen analysiert. Die Rückführung der relevanten Prüfmittel für
die Messwandlerprüfung auf die nationalen Normale der PTB wird zusammen mit den erreichbaren Messunsicherheiten und den
erlaubten Grenzwerten dargestellt. Abschließend ist ein Beispiel einer Messunsicherheitsbilanz für einen Stromwandler der
Klasse 0, 2S angegeben.
Eye Movements in Darkness Modulate Self-Motion Perception
Authors: Clemens Ivar Adrianus H. , Selen Luc P. J. , Pomante Antonella , MacNeilage Paul R. , Medendorp W. Pieter
Published: January 2017

During self-motion, humans typically move the eyes to maintain fixation on the stationary environment around them. These eye movements could in principle be used to estimate self-motion, but their impact on perception is unknown. We had participants judge self-motion during different eye-movement conditions in the absence of full-field optic flow. In a two-alternative forced choice task, participants indicated whether the second of two successive passive lateral whole-body translations was longer or shorter than the first. This task was used in two experiments. In the first (n= 8), eye movements were constrained differently in the two translation intervals by presenting either a world-fixed or body-fixed fixation point or no fixation point at all (allowing free gaze). Results show that perceived translations were shorter with a body-fixed than a world-fixed fixation point. A linear model indicated that eye-movement signals received a weight of ∼25% for the self-motion percept. This model was independently validated in the trials without a fixation point (free gaze). In the second experiment (n= 10), gaze was free during both translation intervals. Results show that the translation with the larger eye-movement excursion was judged more often to be larger than chance, based on an oculomotor choice probability analysis. We conclude that eye-movement signals influence self-motion perception, even in the absence of visual stimulation.
TREM2 Promotes Microglial Survival by Activating Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway
Authors: Zheng Honghua , Jia Lin , Liu Chia-Chen , Rong Zhouyi , Zhong Li , Yang Longyu , Chen Xiao-Fen , Fryer John D. , Wang Xin , Zhang Yun-wu , Xu Huaxi , Bu Guojun
Published: January 2017

Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), which is expressed on myeloid cells including microglia in the CNS, has recently been identified as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). TREM2 transmits intracellular signals through its transmembrane binding partner DNAX-activating protein 12 (DAP12). Homozygous mutations inactivating TREM2 or DAP12 lead to Nasu–Hakola disease; however, how AD risk-conferring variants increase AD risk is not clear. To elucidate the signaling pathways underlying reduced TREM2 expression or loss of function in microglia, we respectively knocked down and knocked out the expression of TREM2 inin vitroandin vivomodels. We found that TREM2 deficiency reduced the viability and proliferation of primary microglia, reduced microgliosis inTrem2−/−mouse brains, induced cell cycle arrest at the G1/S checkpoint, and decreased the stability of β-catenin, a key component of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway responsible for maintaining many biological processes, including cell survival. TREM2 stabilized β-catenin by inhibiting its degradation via the Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway. More importantly, treatment with Wnt3a, LiCl, or TDZD-8, which activates the β-catenin-mediated Wnt signaling pathway, rescued microglia survival and microgliosis inTrem2−/−microglia and/or inTrem2−/−mouse brain. Together, our studies demonstrate a critical role of TREM2-mediated Wnt/β-catenin pathway in microglial viability and suggest that modulating this pathway therapeutically may help to combat the impaired microglial survival and microgliosis associated with AD.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMutations in theTREM2(Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid cells 2) gene are associated with increased risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) with effective sizes comparable to that of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele, making it imperative to understand the molecular pathway(s) underlying TREM2 function in microglia. Our findings shed new light on the relationship between TREM2/DNAX-activating protein 12 (DAP12) signaling and Wnt/β-catenin signaling and provide clues as to how reduced TREM2 function might impair microglial survival in AD pathogenesis. We demonstrate that TREM2 promotes microglial survival by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and that it is possible to restore Wnt/β-catenin signaling when TREM2 activity is disrupted or reduced. Therefore, we demonstrate the potential for manipulating the TREM2/β-catenin signaling pathway for the treatment of AD.
Distinct inflammatory gene expression in extraocular muscle and fat from patients with Graves’ orbitopathy
Authors: Romero-Kusabara Ivana Lopes , Filho José Vital , Scalissi Nilza Maria , Melo Keli Cardoso , Demartino Giovanni , Longui Carlos Alberto , Melo Murilo Rezende , Cury Adriano Namo
Published: January 2017

Objective

This study sought to compare patients with thyroid eye disease (TED) and normal controls with respect to the expression of the NR3C1, CHUK, IKBKB, FOS, NFKB and HSD11B1 genes in orbital fat (OF) and extraocular muscle (EOM).

Design and methods

A prospective study design was used to evaluate 34 TED patients and 38 healthy controls. OF was harvested from 33 TED patients and 27 controls. EOM biopsies were obtained from 32 TED patients and 18 controls. Samples were examined by real-time PCR and evaluated using appropriate statistical analyses with a significance cut-off of P < 0.05.

Results

NR3C1 mRNA levels were higher in TED EOM (median 213 (96–376)) than those in control EOM (78 (34–138)) (P < 0.001), and NFKB expression was elevated in TED muscle (223 (31–520)) relative to that in control muscle (8 (6–31)) (P < 0.001). HSD11B1 expression was higher in TED EOM (0.78 (0.47–2.01)) than that in control EOM (0.22 (0.09–0.51)) (P < 0.001). Levels of CHUK, IKBKB, and FOS were higher in TED EOM (115 (20–223), 111 (54–299) and 0.11 (0.03–0.19), respectively) than those in control EOM (5.8 (2–13), 21 (5–52) and 0.05 (0.001–0.03) respectively) (P < 0.001).

Conclusion

Tissues involved in GO exhibited different mRNA levels of NR3C1, CHUK, IKBKB, FOS, NFKB and HSD11B1. Gene expression in OF was similar for TED patients and controls. CHUK, IKBKB, FOS, NFKB, and HSD11B1 mRNA levels were higher in TED EOM than those in control EOM. NFKB was disproportionally elevated compared with NR3C1; this finding was indicative of a local proinflammatory profile.
El Proyecto Hidroeléctrico de Jalcomulco, Veracruz, México, y las reacciones de la sociedad civil
Authors: León Fuentes Nelly Josefa
Published: January 2017

This article cover one of the problems what confront the state of Veracruz over the last four years: it concerns the concessions granted to international companies for the development of various hydroelectric projects. In particular, the study takes up the case of the multi-purpose project Xalapa, situated on the Pescados River, in Jalcomulco, near the Veracruz state capital. This allows us to analyse the reactions of the inhabitants affected, and the type of conflict generated, taking into consideration their economic, social, and cultural capabilities, the resources at their disposal, and the actions of civil organisations. Analysis rests on environmental history, employing oral history as a strategy given that resistence is ongoing and actors’ testimonies are fundamental for an overall understanding of the processes of apropriation and dispossession: this route allows the ‘excluded’ to be heard.
Entre Imperial Eyes e “información fidedigna”. Reflexiones sobre la representación de América Central en textos de viajeros alemanes
Authors: Mackenbach Werner
Published: January 2017

The texts written by European and North American travelers -travelogues, letters, reports, etc.- have played a major role in the production of Central American otherness and have had its repercussions in Central American literatures. Nowadays, there is an on-going debate about the value and epistemological status of these texts for the development of historical knowledge about Central American societies. The essay analyses three texts by German travelers in two historical key moments -mid nineteenth century and the nineteen-eighties of twentieth century- in the light of this theoretical and methodological debate and asks for the relevance of European travelogues for the representations of Central American realities and otherness in Central American literatures themselves from a transhistorical, epistemic, and “representational” rather than historical/ historiographical approach.
Acercamiento a escrituras de viaje en Centroamérica durante el siglo XIX: consideraciones de género
Authors: Albizúrez Gil Mónica
Published: January 2017

This paper analyzes four texts from the XIX and XX Century. These texts are accounts of the authors' traveling throughout Central America. Each narrative represents different literary genre including travel journals, letters, and fiction. In this paper I analyze silence, anxiety, and aspirations as representation modern gender identity in the isthmus.
Un libro para ampliar los horizontes de la lectura
Authors: Núñez Jáirol
Published: January 2017

Recensión sobre la obra de Jorge Ramírez-Caro, ¿Cómo analizar de todo? Textos populares, mediáticos y didácticos. Costa Rica: EUNA. ISBN 978-9977-65-450-8
Improving Early Identification and Intervention for Children at Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Rotholz David A. , Kinsman Anne M. , Lacy Kathi K. , Charles Jane
Published: January 2017

OBJECTIVES:

To provide an example of a successful, novel statewide effort to increase early identification of young children at risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using a 2-tiered screening process with enhanced quality assessment, interagency policy collaboration and coordination.

METHODS:

The South Carolina Act Early Team (SCAET) provided focused collaboration among leaders representing state agencies, universities, health care systems, private organizations, and families to improve quality of life for children with ASD. Specific focus was on implementing policy changes and training to result in earlier identification and home-based behavioral intervention for young children at risk for ASD.

RESULTS:

Policy changes, training, and modified state agency practices were accomplished. Presumptive eligibility, on the basis of a 2-tiered screening process was implemented by BabyNet (South Carolina’s Early Intervention Program) in collaboration with the lead agency for developmental disability services. There was a fivefold increase in children eligible for early intensive behavioral intervention without waiting for a diagnosis of ASD, avoiding long waits for diagnostic evaluations. Only 16 children (2.5%) were later found not to have ASD from a comprehensive evaluation.

CONCLUSIONS:

Improvements in early identification and intervention are feasible through collaborative policy change. The South Carolina Act Early Team and its key stakeholders committed to improving outcomes for this population used existing tools and methods in new ways to improve early identification of children with ASD and to make available evidence-based intervention services. This example should be replicable in other states with key stakeholders working collaboratively for the benefit of young children with ASD.
Estudio de seguimiento a personas graduadas de postgrados de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanísticas (FCSH) de la Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral (ESPOL)
Authors: Rodriguez-Morales Katia Lorena , Valenzuela-Ortiz Mónica Giomary
Published: January 2017

Este artículo muestra la situación de los sujetos graduados del Departamento de Postgrado de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanísticas (FCSH) de la Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral (ESPOL), en relación con su perfil general, evaluación de la enseñanza recibida, la pertinencia de los programas en el entorno en el que se desenvuelven, el impacto en su empleo, entre otros aspectos, en 5 programas de maestrías activos e inactivos de la Facultad.  El estudio, con enfoque cuantitativo-descriptivo, consideró a las 273 personas graduadas hasta julio de 2014. Además, se aplicó un cuestionario en línea utilizando la herramienta Google Drive. Con las conclusiones de este estudio, se amplía la información con la que se contaba sobre este grupo de ex-estudiantes, ayudando así a tomar medidas y plantear recomendaciones que contribuirán a mantener los procesos de mejora continua de la unidad académica.
Insuetophrynus acarpicus Barrio, 1970 (Anura: Rhinodermatidae): new distribution record at the edge of the Valdivian coastal range, southern Chile
Authors: Parada Daniel E. , Fenolio Danté , Olivares Angel P. , Nuñez José J.
Published: January 2017

We report a new locality record for the Mehuín Green Frog, Insuetophrynus acarpicus Barrio, 1970, a Critically Endangered species from southern Chile. The new locality is about 90 km southeast of the type locality and expands the known geographical distribution 40 km to the southeast. The new record confirms the presence of I. acarpicus south of the Lingue and Valdivia rivers. Our documentation demonstrates a discontinuous distribution of this frog in the Valdivian Coastal Range of Chile and intensifies the need to implement effective strategies for its conservation.
Time-dependent uplift capacity of driven piles in low to medium density chalk
Authors: Ciavaglia F. , Carey J. , Diambra A.
Published: January 2017

A series of load tests have been performed on instrumented 762 mm dia. tubular steel piles driven into low to medium density grade A/B chalk at St Nicholas at Wade, Kent, UK. This paper presents the results from the static axial uplift tests, which were performed on two piles 7, 50 and 120 days after installation in order to investigate the time-dependent variations in shaft resistance. The results show that the static ultimate shaft resistance of this type of chalk can increase by up to a factor of seven over this time period, as a consequence of ‘set-up’ effects. The test results also show that the ‘set-up’ effect is reduced if the pile is subject to lateral loads up to 50% of the ultimate lateral capacity before uplift loading, while the application of lateral loading up to 10% of ultimate lateral capacity had negligible influence on axial capacity. The measured load distribution from strain gauges suggests a mobilisation of larger unit shaft resistance in the lower half of the pile. This paper also describes the geotechnical site conditions, the pile instrumentation and the effects of pile driving on the chalk.
Las utopías, cuando la comunicación se globaliza Utopía y humanización como conceptos centrales del pensamiento de Manuel Martín Serrano
Authors: Pineda Migdalia
Published: January 2017

Se me ha pedido que colabore en este monográfico de la Revista Chasqui de CIESPAL, dedicado a la obra de Manuel Martín Serrano, uno de los autores más emblemáticos de las Ciencias de la Comunicación en España y en América Latina, invitación de la cual me siento muy honrada, sobre todo por considerar la trascendencia de este pensador y el impacto que sus propuestas y teorías han producido en el pensamiento comunicacional de habla hispana. En este artículo me referiré a aspectos incluidos en dos trabajos de MMS que han tenido una amplia significación dentro de la vasta producción intelectual de este autor.
QUALITY OF LIFE IN DEPRESSIVE PATIENTS FOLLOWED IN PSYCHOLOGY AND IN PSYCHIATRY
Authors: Martins Antunes Sandrine , Dos Santos Mendes Monico Lisete
Published: January 2017

Abstract.This study aims to analyze and compare the Quality of Life in patients followed exclusively in Psychiatry and in patients followed exclusively in Psychology. Took part of the study 60 patients of both genders with depressive symptomatology and no other clinical diagnosis (exclusion criteria), 30 being exclusively followed at hospital psychiatric consultations and 30 exclusively followed in psychology consultations. After informed consent, we used the Quality of Life questionnaire (SF-36; Ware & Sherbourne, 1992), which showed good psychometric properties in its nine domains: Physical Function, Physical Performance, Body Pain, General Health, Vitality, Social Functioning, Role Emotional, Mental Health, and Health Change. We found that the patients followed in Psychology showed a better quality of life in Emotional and Physical Performance, as well as in Mental Health. Men expressed a similar quality of life to women, except in the field of Physical Function, higher in males. Single patients had better in Role Emotional and Mental Health, when compared to divorced and widowed. The results are discussed considering the benefits of psychological therapy in improving the quality of life of depressed patients.Keywords: Quality of life; Patients; Psychology; Psychiatry.Resumo.O presente estudo pretende analisar e comparar a Qualidade de Vida em pacientes exclusivamente acompanhados em consultas psiquiatria e em pacientes exclusivamente acompanhados em consultas de psicologia. Participaram no estudo 60 pacientes de ambos os sexos com sintomatologia depressiva e sem outro quadro clínico diagnosticado (critério de exclusão), sendo 30 exclusivamente acompanhados em consultas hospitalares de psiquiatria e 30 exclusivamente acompanhados em consultas de psicologia. Após consentimento informado, aplicámos o Questionário da Qualidade de Vida (SF-36; Ware & Sherbourne, 1992), que mostrou boas propriedades psicométricas nos nove domínios constituintes: Função física, Desempenho físico, Dor corporal, Saúde geral, Vitalidade, Função Social, Desempenho emocional, Saúde mental e Mudança de Saúde. Verificámos que os pacientes acompanhados em Psicologia mostraram uma melhor Qualidade de Vida ao nível dos domínios Desempenho emocional, Desempenho físico e Saúde mental. Os homens manifestaram uma Qualidade de Vida semelhante à das mulheres, excepto no domínio da Função física, superior no sexo masculino. Os pacientes solteiros apresentaram melhores Desempenho emocional e Saúde mental comparativamente aos divorciados e aos viúvos. Os resultados são discutidos numa abordagem dos benefícios da terapia psicológica na melhoria da qualidade de vida em doentes deprimidos.Palavras-chave: Qualidade de Vida; Pacientes; Psicologia; Psiquiatria
ESTIMULACIÓN DE LA INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL COMO PREVENCIÓN DEL FENÓMENO “BULLYING” EN ALUMNOS VÍCTIMAS
Authors: Carbonell Bernal Noelia , Sánchez Esteban Sheila , Cerezo Ramírez Fuensanta
Published: January 2017

Resumen.El fenómeno Bullying (Olweus, 1993) es una situación que a día de hoy es posible encontrar en nuestros centros escolares con mucha frecuencia, dando lugar a un problema social que implica a toda la comunidad educativa, por ello resulta indispensable desarrollar programas e intervenciones, con el fin de dotar de estrategias de afrontamiento, especialmente teniendo como centro de la intervención a las víctimas, dado que son los que peores consecuencias a nivel físico y psicológico sufren, y son una pieza clave a la hora de hacer frente a esta problemática; en el último informe del defensor del pueblo sobre este tema, a la vista de los datos que este nos ofrece, podemos comprobar cómo los porcentajes de alumnos implicados dentro de este fenómeno, van aumentando con el paso del tiempo, produciéndose una igualdad en el sexo, tanto de agresores como víctimas (Informe del defensor del pueblo, 2007). De este modo, en el presente proyecto pretendemos valernos de las bondades de la tecnología, con el fin de llegar a los adolescentes y preadolescentes diana de esta intervención, a través de una forma de comunicación que para ellos supone una realidad en la que se han desarrollado, puestos que son considerados una Generación Net (Yoon Bong Seo, 2007).
ESTIMULACIÓN DE LA METACOGNICIÓN EN LA EDUCACIÓN INFANTIL MEDIANTE EL LENGUAJE METAFÓRICO
Authors: Mayoral Rodríguez Sílvia , Timoneda Gallart Carme
Published: January 2017

Abstract.The aim of this communication is focused on proving as use of metaphoric language helps in stimulation of metacognition. To do this we present an experience where is applied metaphor and metaphoric language to support the COGEST program (Cognitive Stimulation). This work is done with students from Early Childhood Education in a public school Girona as a part of a larger research project that aims to assess the cognitive processes of children of P-4 and P-5 once applied COGEST program (ends of June 2015). In our communication will explain some of the metaphors used throughout this cognitive work (from September 2013) and the result of their application. These results show as metaphorical language helps children to be aware of how they learn and gain autonomy in their learning process. Concludes that metaphor stimulates metacognition (learners are aware of the purpose of each task, its own strategies and the importance of reviewing the process). Also, helps each child in managing their emotions and is a good tool to resolve conflicts that arise in the classroom.Keywords: Childhood Education, metaphor, metaphoric language, cognitive stimulation, metacognition.Resumen.El objetivo de esta comunicación se centra en mostrar que el uso del lenguaje metafórico facilita la estimulación de la metacognición. Para ello, presentamos una experiencia educativa en la que se utiliza la metáfora y el lenguaje metafórico como soporte del programa de estimulación cognitiva COGEST. Este trabajo, que se realiza con los alumnos de P-4 y P-5 de Educación Infantil de una escuela pública de Girona, se enmarca dentro de un proyecto de investigación más amplio que tiene la finalidad de valorar los procesos cognitivos de estos educandos tras aplicar el programa COGEST (a finales de junio de 2015). En esta comunicación se presentan algunas de las metáforas usadas hasta el momento en este proyecto (desde septiembre de 2013). Posteriormente, se detallan los cambios observados en los estudiantes. Poniendo de manifiesto cómo el lenguaje metafórico posibilita a los alumnos ser conscientes de su actividad mental -cómo aprenden- y ganar autonomía en su proceso de aprendizaje. La metáfora facilita la estimulación de la metacognición (los educandos son conscientes de cuál es el objetivo de cada tarea, de sus propias estrategias y, de la importancia de revisar el proceso). Asimismo, ayuda a cada niño en la gestión de sus emociones y resulta una herramienta muy útil para resolver los conflictos que surgen en el aula.Palabras Clave: Educación Infantil, metáfora, lenguaje metafórico, estimulación cognitiva, metacognición.
N.P. van Wyk Louw se opvattings oor taalbewegings en die behoud van Afrikaans
Authors: Steyn J
Published: January 2017

Die digter N.P. van Wyk Louw het hom in verskeie opstelle en praatjies uitgelaat oor klein volke en tale, taalbewegings, taalstryde en nasionalisme en die voortbestaan van Afrikaans. In hierdie artikel word op grond van sy siening van taalbewegings en sy opvattings oor nasionalisme gelet op die faktore wat bydra tot die welslae van 'n taalbeweging. Hy betoog met voorbeelde dat 'n taalbeweging slegs kan begin wanneer histories bewuste intellektuele bekommerd is oor die taal en die taalgemeenskap en planne maak om die taal te behou en die gemeenskap op te hef. 'n Taalbeweging het 'n kans op welslae wanneer dit 'n "staatkundige stut" kan bekom en dus nie polities so magteloos is dat dit nie regeringsbesluite kan beïnvloed nie. Volgens Louw is 'n taalbeweging se kans op welslae die beste wanneer die beweging dit kan regkry om die strewe na die bevordering van die taal te verbind met die bemagtiging van die minder bevoorregte lede van die gemeenskap. Hy illustreer laasgenoemde stelling met 'n oortuigende verwysing na die vordering van Afrikaans in die eerste helfte van die twintigste eeu. Sonder om na enige taal te verwys meen hy ook dat dit noodlottige gevolge vir 'n klein gemeenskap kan hê om in 'n meertalige land onregverdig teenoor ander groepe op te tree.
An Exploration of Burn Survivors' Experiences of Pressure Garment Therapy at a tertiary hospital in South Africa
Authors: Pillay Rogini , Visagie Surona , Mji Gubela
Published: January 2017

Introduction: Pressure garment therapy is used to treat hypertrophic scars, but adherence to this intervention presents challenges. The aim of the paper was to explore the pressure garment therapy experiences of adult burn survivors.Methods: The experiences of eight purposively sampled participants were explored in a qualitative, phenomenological study. Data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis was conducted.Results: Participants described an improvement in the scars, but struggled with adherence to pressure garment therapy. The emotional impact of the burn injury, physical symptoms, the effort of caring for the garments and aesthetic factors created barriers to adherence. Support, inner strength, knowledge, and seeing an improvement facilitated adherence.Conclusion: The findings of the study show that participants perceived pressure garment therapy as beneficial, but several complex factors impacted adherence. A bigger choice in material colours, a person-centred approach to burn management, digital photos of scars to catalogue improvement and the establishment of a counselling network are recommended.
Keywords: Burns, hypertrophic scars, pressure garment therapy, adherence.
ProteSEEKER™ v1
Authors: not provided G-Biosciences
Published: January 2017

This protocol is for the ProteSEEKER™ kit, designed to identify the specific type of proteases present in cell or tissue lysates, and allows determiningthe minimal number of individual protease inhibitors required for asample.
Comparison of the performance of three cancer antigen (CA) 15-3 immunoassays
Authors: Serdarevic Nafija , Serdarevic Raif , Memic Amra
Published: January 2017

Introduction: In the present study we investigated the performance, precision, and recovery of three different automated methods in determining cancer antigen (CA) 15-3 levels.Methods: Serum samples were obtained from 60 hospitalized female patients. As controls, commercially available samples were used. Cancer antigen (CA) 15-3 levels were measured using ARCHITECT CA 15-3, Elecsys® CA 15-3, and Vitros CA 15-3 immunoassays. A comparison of the results between the three methods was conducted, and the precision and recovery were analyzed.Results: Coefficient of variations (CVs), determined with low- and high-level-CA 15-3 control samples, and reproducibility values were: 2.56-2.80% and 3.10-4. 20% for ARCHITECT i2000SR immunoassay analyzer; 3.50-5.55% and 4.88-6.47% for Cobas E 601 analyzer; 3.30-4.0% and 4.30-4.80% for VITROS 5600 Integrated System, respectively. The percent recoveries were 95-98% for Elecsys® CA 15-3 assay, 93-105% for Vitros CA 15-3 assay, and 92-95% for ARCHITECT CA 15-3 assay. Method comparison results demonstrated correlation coefficient (r) in range from 0.994 to 1. The average CA 15-3 concentrations measured by Vitros, ARCHITECT, and Elecsys® were 157.24 +/- 329.75 U/mL, 100.91 +/-213.75 U/mL, and 80.93 +/- 173.29 U/mL, respectively.Conclusions: Tumor marker CA 15-3 in individual patients should be monitored using the same immunoassay method, reagents, and analyzer. Different immunoassays tested on different analyzers, often show large discrepancies in reported values for individual patients. Different immunoassay technologies quantify analytes of clinical interest using monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies. Thus, the usage of antibodies with different specificities could explain the differences in CA 15-3 serum values between different methods.
Creation and Support of the State of Psychological Safety of Pupils of Cadet Classes
Authors: Baeva I.A. , Shahova L.I.
Published: January 2017

The author's approach to the support of psychological safety in the educational process. As cadet classes make high demands to the capabilities and resources of the child, the task of tracking these educational programs in terms of psychological safety of children is particularly relevant. The study tested the assumption that the program support the state of psychological safety, implementing a risk-resource approach and aimed at updating / generation components of psychological safety (satisfaction, protection, reference, subjective well-being of the child in the Cadet educational environment, activity), will be effective when accompanied by cadet training programs. Testing of the developed program was carried out with students of third cadet classes (53 people in the experimental group and 26 in the control group). components and criteria of psychological safety of the younger schoolboy were determined on the basis of theoretical analysis. The methods of interrogation (questioning), testing, projective method examined the children, parents and teachers in the cadet classes to identify the initial and final levels of psychological safety of younger students. Statistical analysis were used cluster and discriminant analysis, chi-square test for contingency tables, sign test G. The article describes the features of the program, aimed at the formation and maintenance of psychological safety of younger pupils, pupils of cadet classes. The efficiency of it on all the selected criteria with a level of significance of not more than p <0,005. Ideas forming program can be used in the practice of psychological work in schools, as well as for further research of psychological safety of children in the educational environment of schools of different types and species.
Social-psychological Aspects of Bullying: Interconnection of Aggressiveness and School Anxiety
Authors: Tarasova S.J. , Osnitsky A.K. , Enikolopov S.N.
Published: January 2017

Bullying is seen as a variant of aggression. Natural interconnections between contents of teenagers’ fears, anxiety and aggression are analyzed. The longitudinal research results are presented, in the framework of which four consecutive measures of anxiety and the following aggressiveness indexes of 70 6th form pupils, and then 7th form ones are compared. It is being clarified, to what extent aggressive behavior risk is related to animosity as a negative notional attitude of an individual. Hostility stably and positively correlates with school, self-esteem, interpersonal and mystical anxiety among teenagers. Social situation of uncertainty, connected to constant transformation of social norms, exerts heavy influence. According to research results, greatly isolated schoolchildren stand out in each class. It is them, who, according to the expert teachers assessment and included to observational results, are victims to aggressors as well as to “onlookers”, who take positions of passive aggressors. Victims are stably overly anxious, possess high level of hostility and are inclined to protective aggression in behavior. Their further transformation into aggressors can be safely assumed.

This work was supported by grant RFH № 15-06-00052.
«Symptoms of the 3 year old child´s crisis» questionnaire:psychometric characteristics
Authors: Vasilenko V.E. , Ulanova Y.
Published: January 2017

The article describes the psychometric characteristics of the «Symptoms of the 3 year old child´s crisis» questionnaire by V.Vasilenko. The questionnaire is designed for parents and aims to identify the symptoms of the 3 categories: negativistic, constructive and neurotic. The study involved 255 mothers of the children from 2 to 4 years (138 children from Saint-Petersburg and 117 children from Vsevolozhsk district of the Leningrad region): 138 boys and 117 girls. Mage = 3 years. Subcritical and acute phases of the crisis were revealed. For all the overall indexes of the crisis and for all the symptoms of constructive and negativistic categories (main symptoms) the distribution of the data was close to normal. Cronbach's alpha by comparing 16 individual scales of the questionnaire is 0,79, it is close to the level of «good reliability». Coherence the data of the «Symptoms of the 3 year old child´s crisis questionnaire» by V. Vasilenko and «Manifestations of the 3 year old child´s crisis questionnaire» by T.Guskova was revealed. Conducted procedures confirmed the representativeness, internal consistency, construct, concurrent validity and test-retest reliability of the questionnaire.
O tédio no Livro do desassossego
Authors: Oliveira Adriano de
Published: January 2017

O Livro do desassossego representa um dos escritos mais relevantes e significativos do autor português Fernando Pessoa. A obra compreende uma coletânea de textos diversos assinados, em sua maioria, por Bernardo Soares. Em razão de sua estrutura e complexidade temática, o Livro do desassossego aborda situações, sentimentos e assuntos bastante variados, entre os quais se destaca o tema do tédio. O interesse fundamental deste artigo é considerar o estado entediado, sob as perspectivas da sua compreensão, das causas de sua manifestação e das tentativas ou atitudes convenientes para a sua superação. Esta análise limita-se à leitura corrente da obra do Ajudante de guarda-livros na cidade de Lisboa, mantendo sua especial atenção às ocasiões onde a palavra tédio aparece.
Prevalence of antenatal vulvovaginal candidiasis: our experience
Authors: S. Arul Anne Rose , Paul Sony , Kannan Iyanar
Published: January 2017

Background: The objective of our study is to determine the prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis and influence of maternal age, parity or trimester on its occurrence among pregnant women, attending the antenatal clinic in our teaching hospital. It helps us to understand the magnitude of the problem in our region and to implement the necessary treatment modalities to reduce the preterm births attributed to vaginal candidiasis.Methods: It was a hospital based prospective study over a period of six months. High vaginal swabs were collected from the pregnant patients after getting consent and sent for culture. Candida positive cases were noted and results were analysed.Results: A total of 200 high vaginal swabs were collected and reported in our study. Among them 108 swabs were positive for Candida growth (54%) and 92 swabs were negative for growth (46%). Culture positive patients clinical details were analyzed and statistical significance was noted (based on age group, parity and trimester).Conclusions: Our study concluded that candidiasis is more prevalent in pregnant women but there was no statistical significance in occurrence of vaginal candidiasis among various age groups, parity or trimester. Hence it is better to screen all the patients in I/ early II trimester in order to find out and treat positive cases early to prevent preterm births attributed to vaginal candidiasis.
Epidemiology of hospital-acquired infections in a tertiary care teaching hospital in India: a cross-sectional study of 79401 inpatients
Authors: Narendranath V. , Nandakumar B. S. , Sarala K. S.
Published: January 2017

Background: Healthcare-associated infections are those infections that the patients develop during the course of receiving healthcare treatment for other conditions, which are not incubating at the time of admission. Health care associated infections are the major concerns in the developing countries commonly affecting the ill patients. The purpose of the study is to assess the epidemiology of health care associated infections (HAI) in a tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods: Cross sectional retrospective data was collected for all inpatients from January 2013 to December 2015 covering 79401 inpatients. Data was collected as per ICD – 10 coding, analyzed using SPSS software ver.16.Results: Overall Percentage of different types of HAI calculated, UTI- 1318 (1.66%) more among females and 51.7 %, highest rate in general ward. BSI -360 (0.45%) with 54% male patients, 79.7% medical related type of diagnosis, 66.9% cases from ICU. VAP 148 (0.19%), 62.1% male patients, 94.8%- medical related type of diagnosis. SSI – 30 (0.04%) 65.5% male patients , General Ward  86.2% , 65.5% male patients. Mortality analysis reveal maximum number of deaths was due to BSI contributing to 27.22 % as case fatality rate and 60.12 % proportional mortality rate.Conclusions: Occurrence of hospital acquired infections pose a grave threat to patients as well as health care personnel. Tertiary care centers require a multi-pronged approach to tackle these infections. HAIs lead long term disability, increase in hospital stay, financial burden to the family members. Many a times health care associated infections can be prevented by using standard guidelines, precautions, correct protective measures by health care workers.
Исследование применения метода DCF для определения целевых цен акций российских публичных корпораций
Authors: Жабунин Антон Юрьевич , Иевлева Наталья Владимировна , Чередниченко Ирина Аскербиевна , Соколова Алла Викторовна
Published: January 2017

В статье показано, что применение финансовыми аналитиками метода DCF к оценке акций российских публичных компаний (на примере ПАО «Лукойл») дает неудовлетворительные результаты с точки зрения соответствия прогнозных (целевых) цен рыночным, складывающимся после выхода прогнозов. Определен круг проблем, затрудняющих анализ причин ошибок в прогнозах. Исследовано влияние на точность прогнозов цен таких факторов, как прогноз свободного денежного потока, оценка средневзвешенной стоимости капитала и остаточной стоимости. Авторы раскрывают недостатки традиционно используемой модели Гордона для расчета остаточной стоимости и обосновывают предложения по ее корректировке.
Результаты исследования могут быть полезны финансовым аналитикам, финансовым руководителям публичных компаний, а также частным и институциональным инвесторам.
Особенности стратегического управления АО «Объединенная двигателестроительная корпорация»
Authors: Завилов Илья Михайлович
Published: January 2017

В статье рассматриваются специфические особенности процесса формирования стратегии АО «Объединенная двигателестроительная корпорация» («ОДК»). В качестве инструмента оптимизации стратегического управления ОДК предлагается внедрение системы сбалансированных показателей, в основе которых лежит частичный отказ от построения стратегических ориентиров на основе ретроспективного анализа исторических данных в пользу управления на основе инвестиционных ожиданий.
Современные направления регулирования государственно-частного партнерства в странах ЕАЭС
Authors: Матаев Талгат Мустафаевич
Published: January 2017

В статье рассмотрен опыт развитых стран относительно регулирования государственно-частного партнерства, а также виды его регулирования: принятие специального законодательства о государственно-частном партнерстве и регулирование проектов государственно-частного партнерства на договорной основе. Проанализированы нормативно-правовые основы государственно-частного партнерства в странах ЕАЭС. Определены основные разногласия законодательной базы стран ЕАЭС относительно механизма государственно-частного партнерства. Сделан вывод о том, что страны-участники ЕАЭС осуществляют свою законотворческую деятельность, следуя своим собственным принципам и представлениям о государственно-частном партнерстве. При таком развитии событий речи о совместных проектах государственно-частного партнерства идти не может. С целью унификации законодательной базы стран ЕАЭС в сфере государственно-частного партнерства предложены ключевые направления совершенствования регулирования государственно-частного партнерства в странах ЕАЭС.
Подходы к определению агломерации
Authors: Гвоздева Маргарита Александровна , Казакова Мария Владимировна , Поспелова Екатерина Андреевна
Published: January 2017

Теоретические и эмпирические исследования в рамках концепции новой экономической географии выявили наличие агломерационных эффектов и пространственной неоднородности в экономическом развитии регионов. Чем ближе регионы расположены друг другу, тем больше между ними товарооборот, что в итоге приводит к экономическому росту всей страны. В настоящей статье рассматривается становление концепции агломерации, выделяются основные зарубежные подходы к отнесению территорий к категории агломерация.
Curcumin a Multifaceted Compound with Hormetic Behaviour that Mediates an Intricate Crosstalk between Mitochondrial Biogenesis, Mitophagy, Mitophagic Death and Apoptosis
Authors: Rainey Nathan Earl , Moustapha Aoula , Parker Raphaelle , Petit Patrice Xavier
Published: January 2017

Curcumin, found in the rhizome of turmeric, has extensive therapeutic promises via its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative properties. Preclinical in vitro and in vivo data have shown curcumin to be an effective treatment for multiple cancers. These effects are drived by curcumin's ability to induce G2/M cell cycle arrest, induction of autophagy, activation of apoptotic pathways, disruption of molecular signaling, inhibition of invasion and metastasis, and by increasing the efficacy of existing chemotherapeutics. Here we focused on the hormetic behaviour of curcumin. Frequently, low doses of toxins and other stressors not only are harmless but also activate an adaptive stress whereas high dose activates acute responses like autophagy and cell death. This phenomenon is referred to as hormesis. Many molecules that cause cell death elicite an initial autophagic step that is a cytoprotective mechanism relying on elimination of dysfunctional structures intracellular, notably by mitophagy. This phenomenon is considered as a primarily protective mechanism against stressors. At higher doses, cells undergo mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization due to calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum and die. Herein, we address the complex crosstalk between the induced mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial destabilization accompanied by mitophagy and cell death that can also be at play.
Volumetric Water Content Measurements as Obtained from Remote Sensing and In Situ Instrumentation
Authors: Garner Cyrus D. , Coffman Richard A.
Published: January 2017

A single-polarization, vertical wave propagation transmitted-vertical wave propagation received (VV), terrestrial imaging radar and time domain reflectometry (TDR) equipment were used to monitor the fluctuations of water content within two thin (15.24 centimeters) compacted clay test sections (each 30.48-m long, by 15.34-m wide). Radar imagery was obtained in 2013 on March 22, June 26, July 7 and July 10 using a Gamma Remote Sensing Portable Radar Interferometer version II (GAMMA Remote Sensing and Consulting AG, Bern, Switzerland). In situ observations were acquired hourly using TDR probes. The background, methodology, and comparison of the results of the remote sensing and in situ measurements are presented. Specifically, two remote sensing data reduction algorithms were considered. The water content results obtained from these algorithms were compared with the water content values derived from correlations with the dielectric permittivity values measured by the TDR probes. Key findings include: 1) there were differences between the values obtained from the data reduction methods, 2) there were differences between the values obtained from the remote sensing methods and the values obtained from the in situ method, and 3) the identification of additional avenues of research. The remotely sensed measurements were, on average, higher than the in situ measurements (the average volumetric water content values were 0.2 and 0.5 depending on the method, as obtained via the remotely sensed methods; the average volumetric water content value in the compacted native soil test sections was 0.22, as obtained via the in situ method).