CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF HUMAN ECHINOCOCCOSIS IN THE LOWER VOLGA REGION
Authors:   City Clinical Maternity Hospital named after Yu.A. Paskhalova, Irdeeva V.A. , Arakelyan R.S. ,   2Astrakhan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Astrakhan, Russia, Latyshevskaya N.I. ,   Volgograd State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Volgograd, Russia,   Volgograd Medical Scientific Center, Volgograd, Russia, Yamanova G.A. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Astrakhan, Russia, Malysheva N.S. ,   Kursk State University, Research Institute of Parasitology, Kursk, Russia, Akhmineeva A.Kh. ,   Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov, St. Petersburg, Russia, Rurua L.P. ,   Volgograd State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Volgograd, Russia, Levchenko N.V. ,   Volgograd State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Volgograd, Russia,   Volgograd Medical Scientific Center, Volgograd, Russia, Lychagina I.I. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Astrakhan, Russia, Mikhaylova YA.V. ,   2Astrakhan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Astrakhan, Russia
Published: January 2023

The clinical and epidemiological situation of human echinococcosis in the Lower Volga region is studied and analyzed on the example of the Volgograd region. During the analyzed period, 77 cases of human echinococcosis were registered in the Volgograd region. The clinical diagnosis of “Echinococcosis” was made on the basis of data from laboratory blood tests by ELISA, data from radiation tests, anamnesis and the clinical picture of the disease. Hydatid disease was observed in individuals of different ages, most often meeting in the adult population of the Volgograd region – 92,2 % (71 people). In most cases, cases, cases of typical hydatid disease (liver, lung/lungs) – 96,1 % (74 people). The cases of combined echinococcosis (liver and lung, liver and spleen) were observed in 3,9 % of (3 people). Cases of echinococcosis is a rare localization (abdominal cavity and internal organs) were 1,3 % (1 person). The complaints of the patients were different: pain at the site of localization of the parasite – a 43,4 % (23 patients), weakness was 28,3 % (15 people), discomfort in the place of localization of the parasite, shortness of breath and heaviness in the epigastric region and 3,8 % (for 2 people). After establishing the clinical diagnosis was given treatment: surgical – 67,5 % (52 people) – excision of the parasitic cyst and/or laparoscopic surgery depending on the location and outpatient is 32,5 % (25 people). As a result, the following results were obtained: the number of cases of human echinococcosis is steadily increasing every year, as evidenced by the above indicators; the disease is registered mainly in the adult population, whose professional activities in one way or another affected contact with dogs; in the clinical picture of the disease, complaints of pain at the location of the parasite and general weakness prevailed; the duration of the disease was from several days to 1 month; In the diagnosis of echinococcosis, combined diagnostic methods, coupled with the data of the clinical picture and epidemiological history, play an undoubted role. Key words: echinococcus, liver damage, parasitic lesion, laparoscopic surgery, ELISA, computed tomography, pain in the epigastric region.