bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deep Learning Approach for Imputation of Missing Values in Actigraphy Data: Algorithm Development Study (Preprint)
Authors: Jang Jong-Hwan , Choi Junggu , Roh Hyun Woong , Son Sang Joon , Hong Chang Hyung , Kim Eun Young , Kim Tae Young , Yoon Dukyong
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Data collected by an actigraphy device worn on the wrist or waist can provide objective measurements for studies related to physical activity; however, some data may contain intervals where values are missing. In previous studies, statistical methods have been applied to impute missing values on the basis of statistical assumptions. Deep learning algorithms, however, can learn features from the data without any such assumptions and may outperform previous approaches in imputation tasks.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to impute missing values in data using a deep learning approach.

METHODS

To develop an imputation model for missing values in accelerometer-based actigraphy data, a denoising convolutional autoencoder was adopted. We trained and tested our deep learning–based imputation model with the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data set and validated it with the external Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the Korean Chronic Cerebrovascular Disease Oriented Biobank data sets which consist of daily records measuring activity counts. The partial root mean square error and partial mean absolute error of the imputed intervals (partial RMSE and partial MAE, respectively) were calculated using our deep learning–based imputation model (zero-inflated denoising convolutional autoencoder) as well as using other approaches (mean imputation, zero-inflated Poisson regression, and Bayesian regression).

RESULTS

The zero-inflated denoising convolutional autoencoder exhibited a partial RMSE of 839.3 counts and partial MAE of 431.1 counts, whereas mean imputation achieved a partial RMSE of 1053.2 counts and partial MAE of 545.4 counts, the zero-inflated Poisson regression model achieved a partial RMSE of 1255.6 counts and partial MAE of 508.6 counts, and Bayesian regression achieved a partial RMSE of 924.5 counts and partial MAE of 605.8 counts.

CONCLUSIONS

Our deep learning–based imputation model performed better than the other methods when imputing missing values in actigraphy data.
Design, Recruitment, and Baseline Characteristics of a Virtual 1-Year Mental Health Study on Behavioral Data and Health Outcomes: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kumar Shefali , Tran Jennifer L A , Ramirez Ernesto , Lee Wei-Nchih , Foschini Luca , Juusola Jessie L
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Depression and anxiety greatly impact daily behaviors, such as sleep and activity levels. With the increasing use of activity tracking wearables among the general population, there has been a growing interest in how data collected from these devices can be used to further understand the severity and progression of mental health conditions.

OBJECTIVE

This virtual 1-year observational study was designed with the objective of creating a longitudinal data set combining self-reported health outcomes, health care utilization, and quality of life data with activity tracker and app-based behavioral data for individuals with depression and anxiety. We provide an overview of the study design, report on baseline health and behavioral characteristics of the study population, and provide initial insights into how behavioral characteristics differ between groups of individuals with varying levels of disease severity.

METHODS

Individuals who were existing members of an online health community (Achievement, Evidation Health Inc) and were 18 years or older who had self-reported a diagnosis of depression or anxiety were eligible to enroll in this virtual 1-year study. Participants agreed to connect wearable activity trackers that captured data related to physical activity and sleep behavior. Mental health outcomes such as the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire (GAD-7), mental health hospitalizations, and medication use were captured with surveys completed at baseline and months 3, 6, 9, and 12. In this analysis, we report on baseline characteristics of the sample, including mental health disease severity and health care utilization. Additionally, we explore the relationship between passively collected behavioral data and baseline mental health status and health care utilization.

RESULTS

Of the 1304 participants enrolled in the study, 1277 individuals completed the baseline survey and 1068 individuals had sufficient activity tracker data. Mean age was 33 (SD 9) years, and the majority of the study population was female (77.2%, 994/1288) and identified as Caucasian (88.3%, 1137/1288). At baseline, 94.8% (1211/1277) of study participants reported experiencing depression or anxiety symptoms in the last year. This baseline analysis found that some passively tracked behavioral traits are associated with more severe forms of anxiety or depression. Individuals with depressive symptoms were less active than those with minimal depressive symptoms. Severe forms of depression were also significantly associated with inconsistent sleep patterns and more disordered sleep.

CONCLUSIONS

These initial findings suggest that longitudinal behavioral and health outcomes data may be useful for developing digital measures of health for mental health symptom severity and progression.
Worldwide Prevalence of Hearing Loss Among Smartphone Users: Cross-Sectional Study Using a Mobile-Based App (Preprint)
Authors: Masalski Marcin , Morawski Krzysztof
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

In addition to the aging process, risk factors for hearing loss in adults include, among others, exposure to noise, use of ototoxic drugs, genetics, and limited access to medical care. Differences in exposure to these factors are bound to be reflected in the prevalence of hearing loss. Assessment of hearing loss can easily be carried out on a large scale and at low cost using mobile apps.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to conduct a worldwide assessment of the differences in hearing loss prevalence between countries in a group of mobile device users.

METHODS

Hearing tests were conducted using the open-access Android-based mobile app Hearing Test. The app is available free of charge in the Google Play store, provided that consent to the use of the results for scientific purposes is given. This study included hearing tests carried out on device models supported by the app with bundled headphones in the set. Calibration factors for supported models were determined using the biological method. The tests consisted of self-determining the quietest audible tone in the frequency range from 250 Hz to 8 kHz by adjusting its intensity using the buttons. The ambient noise level was optionally monitored using a built-in microphone. Following the test, the user could compare his hearing threshold against age norms by providing his or her age. The user's location was identified based on the phone’s IP address.

RESULTS

From November 23, 2016 to November 22, 2019, 733,716 hearing tests were conducted on 236,716 mobile devices across 212 countries. After rejecting the tests that were incomplete, performed with disconnected headphones, not meeting the time criterion, repeated by the same user, or carried out regularly on one device, 116,733 of 733,716 tests (15.9%) were qualified for further analysis. The prevalence of hearing loss, defined as the average threshold at frequencies 0.5 kHz, 1 kHz, 2 kHz, and 4 kHz above 25 dB HL in the better ear, was calculated at 15.6% (95% CI 15.4-15.8). Statistically significant differences were found between countries (P<.001), with the highest prevalences for Bangladesh, Pakistan, and India (>28%) and the lowest prevalences for Taiwan, Finland, and South Korea (<11%).

CONCLUSIONS

Hearing thresholds measured by means of mobile devices were congruent with the literature data on worldwide hearing loss prevalence. Uniform recruitment criteria simplify the comparison of the hearing loss prevalence across countries. Hearing testing on mobile devices may be a valid tool in epidemiological studies carried out on a large scale.

CLINICALTRIAL

Science Support Center of Wroclaw Medical University BW-572
Surveillance of Noncommunicable Disease Epidemic Through the Integrated Noncommunicable Disease Collaborative Management System: Feasibility Pilot Study Conducted in the City of Ningbo, China (Preprint)
Authors: Li Sixuan , Zhang Liang , Liu Shiwei , Hubbard Richard , Li Hui
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) have become the main public health concern worldwide. With rapid economic development and changes in lifestyles, the burden of NCDs in China is increasing dramatically every year. Monitoring is a critical measure for NCDs control and prevention. However, because of the lack of regional representativeness, unsatisfactory data quality, and inefficient data sharing and utilization, the existing surveillance systems and surveys in China cannot track the status and transition of NCDs epidemic.

OBJECTIVE

To efficaciously track NCDs epidemic in China, this pilot program conducted in Ningbo city by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) aimed to develop an innovative model for NCDs surveillance and management: the integrated noncommunicable disease collaborative management system (NCDCMS).

METHODS

This Ningbo model was designed and developed through a 3-level (county/district, municipal, and provincial levels) direct reporting system based on the regional health information platform. The uniform data standards and interface specifications were established to connect different platforms and conduct data exchanges. The performance of the system was evaluated based on the 9 attributes of surveillance system evaluation framework recommended by the US CDC.

RESULTS

NCDCMS allows automatic NCDs data exchanging and sharing via a 3-level public health data exchange platform in China. It currently covers 201 medical institutions throughout the city. Compared with previous systems, automatic popping up of the report card, automatic patient information extraction, and real-time data exchange process have highly improved the simplicity and timeliness of the system. The data quality meets the requirements to monitor the incidence trend of NCDs accurately, and the comprehensive data types obtained from the database (ie, directly from the 3-level platform on the data warehouse) also provide a useful information to conduct scientific studies. So far, 98.1% (201/205) of medical institutions across Ningbo having been involved in data exchanges with the model. Evaluations of the system performance showed that NCDCMS has high levels of simplicity, data quality, acceptability, representativeness, and timeliness.

CONCLUSIONS

NCDCMS completely reshaped the process of NCD surveillance reporting and had unique advantages, which include reducing the work burden of different stakeholders by data sharing and exchange, eliminating unnecessary redundancies, reducing the amount of underreporting, and structuring population-based cohorts. The Ningbo model will be gradually promoted elsewhere following this success of the pilot project, and is expected to be a milestone in NCDs surveillance, control, and prevention in China.
Predictors, Outcomes, and Statistical Solutions of Missing Cases in Web-Based Psychotherapy: Methodological Replication and Elaboration Study (Preprint)
Authors: Karin Eyal , Crane Monique Frances , Dear Blake Farran , Nielssen Olav , Heller Gillian Ziona , Kayrouz Rony , Titov Nickolai
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Missing cases present a challenge to our ability to evaluate the effects of web-based psychotherapy trials. As missing cases are often lost to follow-up, less is known about their characteristics, their likely clinical outcomes, or the likely effect of the treatment being trialed.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to explore the characteristics of missing cases, their likely treatment outcomes, and the ability of different statistical models to approximate missing posttreatment data.

METHODS

A sample of internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy participants in routine care (n=6701, with 36.26% missing cases at posttreatment) was used to identify predictors of dropping out of treatment and predictors that moderated clinical outcomes, such as symptoms of psychological distress, anxiety, and depression. These variables were then incorporated into a range of statistical models that approximated replacement outcomes for missing cases, and the results were compared using sensitivity and cross-validation analyses.

RESULTS

Treatment adherence, as measured by the rate of progress of an individual through the treatment modules, and higher pretreatment symptom scores were identified as the dominant predictors of missing cases probability (Nagelkerke R2=60.8%) and the rate of symptom change. Low treatment adherence, in particular, was associated with increased odds of presenting as missing cases during posttreatment assessment (eg, odds ratio 161.1:1) and, at the same time, attenuated the rate of symptom change across anxiety (up to 28% of the total symptom with 48% reduction effect), depression (up to 41% of the total with 48% symptom reduction effect), and psychological distress symptom outcomes (up to 52% of the total with 37% symptom reduction effect) at the end of the 8-week window. Reflecting this pattern of results, statistical replacement methods that overlooked the features of treatment adherence and baseline severity underestimated missing case symptom outcomes by as much as 39% at posttreatment.

CONCLUSIONS

The treatment outcomes of the cases that were missing at posttreatment were distinct from those of the remaining observed sample. Thus, overlooking the features of missing cases is likely to result in an inaccurate estimate of the effect of treatment.
Factors Associated with Internet Searches for Exercise during the Covid-19 Pandemic in Brazil: an Infodemiological Study using Google Trends. (Preprint)
Authors: Silva Bezerra Sonny Allan , Gomes de Carvalho Wellington Roberto , Monteiro Barros Every Lianne , Rezende Levy , Péricles Salvador Emanuel
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

The current Covid-19 pandemic has led several nations to adopt social distancing and isolation measures. Some studies have already used Google Trends as a data recovery tool on various topics, such as the increase in the search for chloroquine and derivatives after pronouncements by political authorities. A relevant issue to be discussed is the increase in physical inactivity with social distancing measures, which may increase the numbers of another pandemic: the sedentary lifestyle and its associated comorbidities. Other question is if the Google Trend can be an efficient instrumental of measure the interest of physical activity and exercise.

OBJECTIVE

Investigate changes in the online search patterns for exercise and the influence of social isolation and socioeconomic variables during the Covid-19 pandemic in Brazil.

METHODS

Google Trends was used to recover the search volume on the topic "Physical Exercise", in the category "fitness and beauty", during two periods: the five previous years and from January 1, 2020 to May 16, 2020. The cutoff date was March 12. After this cutoff, the actual search volume and the values predicted by exponential smoothing were compared using Student’s t test. Two linear regression models were created. In the first, the search volume for the second period was the outcome variable and the Government Response Stringency Index (GSRI) was the predictive variable. In the second model, the dependent variable was the difference between the values before and after the cutoff point, by Brazilian state. The predictive variables tested were: Percentage of Social Isolation; Access to the Internet; mHDI; Household Income per Capita and the Ranking of Physical-Activity-Friendly Cities.

RESULTS

There was a difference of 29.8% between the variables in the first analysis. GSRI explained 51.2% of the variation in search volume and the second model explained 42% of the changes in the outcome variable.

CONCLUSIONS

There was a significant increase in the search for terms related to the topic Physical Exercise and this search increase is associated with the isolation measures and the Brazilian socioeconomic conditions.
COVID-19 in Nigeria: Epidemiology and Response (Preprint)
Authors: Sowunmi Sr Kehinde
Published: July 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Nigeria has experienced a relatively large share of zoonotic disease outbreaks in the past and this has impacted its readiness and response level in fighting the COVID-19 outbreak in the country. Compared to most countries in West Africa, Africa and the world, Nigeria seems to be ineffectively curbing the spread of the virus and managing disease. The first covid-19 case was confirmed on 27th, February 2020, when an Italian citizen in Lagos tested position of virus caused by SARS-CoV-2. A second case of the virus was reported in Ewekoro, Ogun State, a Nigerian who had contact with the Italian citizen on 9th, March 2020 and as at 15th, May 2020, there has been 5162 cases confirmed from 30, 657 tests carried out. Also as at this date there has been 1180 discharged cases and 167 reported death from the disease. These promising Statistics prompts the development of this paper to detail the epidemiology of the disease in country and discuss response of the government and other stakeholders to the outbreak.
Awareness about COVID-19 through YouTube Videos; a Comprehensive Exploration & User engagement (Preprint)
Authors: Ahmad Tauseef , SATTAR KAMRAN , Akram Ashfaq
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Swift desirability of people has arisen towards YouTube videos for keeping abreast of the ever-evolving situation with COVID-19 occurrence

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to determine easy to understand, and educationally beneficial ‘awareness videos’ of COVID-19 available on YouTube, based on the viewers’ engagement.

METHODS

We assemble videos through the YouTube platform, using the search phrases COVID-19 awareness and coronavirus pandemic knowledge. Information retrieved included the author’s and or publisher’s name, the total number of watchers, likes, dislikes, and comments. Educationally useful ‘awareness videos’ about COVID-19 were recognised based on the viewers’ engagement. The Educationally beneficial and impractical videos were categorised, considering the correctness of the knowledge, and advice. Different variables were measured and correlated for the data analysis.

RESULTS

Out of a total of 41 retrieved videos, only 15 (36.58%) were shortlisted. Upon further extensive evaluation, 10 (66.67%) were found to have excellent audio-visual content, carrying excellent awareness, hence designated as educationally useful content. The total likes of all the 10 videos and the number of views/day showed a statistically significant correlation (r=0.91, P= 0.000). Also, a significant correlation was found between the total dislikes and views/day, likes/day, but with the association and with the score of the video, and the merits of the video were not significant

CONCLUSIONS

YouTube videos cover substantial information on COVID-19. This undoubtedly has attracted a very high viewership, and YouTube has become a comprehensive and accessible resource for getting information among the community. However, there is a lack of authentication by s specialised healthcare professionals before common people can view this content. Henceforward, a firm thoughtfulness should be applied in the procurement of the information from unauthorised videos posted on YouTube.COVID-19; Pandemic; YouTube; Awareness; Internet Videos
Clinical characteristics and epidemiology survey of lung transplantation recipients accepting surgeries during COVID-19 pandemic：from area near Hubei Province (Preprint)
Authors: Qiu Lingxiao , Chen Shanshan , Wang Cong , Liu Caihong , Wang Huaqi , Zhao Xiaoguang , Fang Zeming , Chang Siyuan , Zhao Gaofeng , Zhang Guojun
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Lung transplantation recipients (LTx) are more susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome-corona virus-2 (SARS-Cov-2) and suffer severer outcomes than healthy subjects.

OBJECTIVE

Here we aim to analyze whether it was appropriate to maintain lung transplant programs in medical institutions accepting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.

METHODS

Methods: the clinical characteristics, laboratory testing, and epidemiology survey results of 10 LTx recipients undergoing allograft lung transplantation surgeries in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University during the COVID-19 pandemic were collected. A web-based epidemiology questionnaire was used to collect the information of LTx recipients after discharge.

RESULTS

A total of 10 LTx recipients were identified. The main cause of lung transplantation was idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (60%), with another rare case of cystic fibrosis. Comorbidities involved hyperlipidemia, subclinical hyperthyroidism, diabetes, viral hepatitis of type B. The average white blood cell (WBC) count and average lymphocyte count were 9.5±3.9×109 cells/liter and 1.7±1.1×109 cells/liter, respectively. 40% of the LTx recipients had lymphopenia. Impaired alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) were observed in LTx recipients. Good habitats of hand hygiene (100%), wearing protective masks behaviors (100%), indoor ventilation behaviors (100%), indoor disinfection measures (83%), personal tableware (67%), separate room (100%), personal bedsheets/ quilts (100%) and drinking glasses (100%) were observed during the follow-up. None of the LTx recipients or their family members get infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the novel coronavirus pandemic.

CONCLUSIONS

Under the premise of taking appropriate preventive measures during hospitalization and after discharge, the lung transplant program can be maintained in the medical institution that accepts patients with COVID-19.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.06.20147264
A Review of the History, Advocacy and Efficacy of Data Management Plans
Authors: Smale Nicholas Andrew , Unsworth Kathryn , Denyer Gareth , Magatova Elise , Barr Daniel
Published: July 2020

Data management plans (DMPs) have increasingly been encouraged as a key component of institutional and funding body policy. Although DMPs necessarily place administrative burden on researchers, proponents claim that DMPs have myriad benefits, including enhanced research data quality, increased rates of data sharing, and institutional planning and compliance benefits.

In this article, we explore the international history of DMPs and describe institutional and funding body DMP policy. We find that economic and societal benefits from presumed increased rates of data sharing was the original driver of mandating DMPs by funding bodies. Today, 86% of UK Research Councils and 63% of US funding bodies require submission of a DMP with funding applications. Given that no major Australian funding bodies require DMP submission, it is of note that 37% of Australian universities have taken the initiative to internally mandate DMPs. Institutions both within Australia and internationally frequently promote the professional benefits of DMP use, and endorse DMPs as ‘best practice’. We analyse one such typical DMP implementation at a major Australian institution, finding that DMPs have low levels of apparent translational value. Indeed, an extensive literature review suggests there is very limited published systematic evidence that DMP use has any tangible benefit for researchers, institutions or funding bodies.

We are therefore led to question why DMPs have become the go-to tool for research data professionals and advocates of good data practice. By delineating multiple use-cases and highlighting the need for DMPs to be fit for intended purpose, we question the view that a good DMP is necessarily that which encompasses the entire data lifecycle of a project. Finally, we summarise recent developments in the DMP landscape, and note a positive shift towards evidence-based research management through more researcher-centric, educative, and integrated DMP services.
Facilitating Access to Restricted Data
Authors: Tyler Allison Rae Bobyak
Published: July 2020

The decision to allow users access to restricted and protected data is based on the development of trust in the user by data repositories. In this article, I propose a model of the process of trust development at restricted data repositories, a model which emphasizes the increasing levels of trust dependent on prior interactions between repositories and users. I find that repositories develop trust in their users through the interactions of four dimensions â€“ promissory, experience, competence, and goodwill â€“ that consider distinct types of researcher expertise and the role of a researcherâ€™s reputation in the trust process. However, the processes used by repositories to determine a level of trust corresponding to data access are inconsistent and do not support the sharing of trusted users between repositories to maximize efficient yet secure access to restricted research data. I highlight the role of a researcherâ€™s reputation as an important factor in trust development and trust transference, and discuss the implications of modelling the restricted data access process as a process of trust development.
An Exploratory Analysis of Social Science Graduate Education in Data Management and Data Sharing
Authors: Doonan Ashley , Akmon Dharma , Cosby Evan
Published: July 2020

Effective data management and data sharing are crucial components of the research lifecycle, yet evidence suggests that many social science graduate programs are not providing training in these areas. The current exploratory study assesses how U.S. masters and doctoral programs in the social sciences include formal, non-formal, and informal training in data management and sharing. We conducted a survey of 150 graduate programs across six social science disciplines, and used a mix of closed and open-ended questions focused on the extent to which programs provide such training and exposure. Results from our survey suggested a deficit of formal training in both data management and data sharing, limited non-formal training, and cursory informal exposure to these topics. Utilizing the results of our survey, we conducted a syllabus analysis to further explore the formal and non-formal content of graduate programs beyond self-report. Our syllabus analysis drew from an expanded seven social science disciplines for a total of 140 programs. The syllabus analysis supported our prior findings that formal and non-formal inclusion of data management and data sharing training is not common practice. Overall, in both the survey and syllabi study we found a lack of both formal and non-formal training on data management and data sharing. Our findings have implications for data repository staff and data service professionals as they consider their methods for encouraging data sharing and prepare for the needs of data depositors. These results can also inform the development and structuring of graduate education in the social sciences, so that researchers are trained early in data management and sharing skills and are able to benefit from making their data available as early in their careers as possible.
AN ANALYSIS OF CODE SWITCHING AND FACTOR MOTIVATION IN NESSIE JUDGE VLOG
Authors: Fadillah Dida Nurul , Parmawati Aseptiana
Published: July 2020

The phenomena of language is a phenomena that is currently happening in Indonesia as well as the language and style of language in communication, mix or switch into another language especially English and it can be called Code Switching. Many sources of media that we can use to see how code switching is, and one of the flatfrom is Vlog. Based on the introduction, this research tries to analyze a code switching, the main is the types, and analyze a factor motivation by using descriptive qulitative method. The aims of this article are to find out the types of code switching from her utterances in vlog using code switching and the factor motivation that influenced in doing code switching. The factor motivating that influenced for Nessie Judge do a code switching in her vlog on her daily communication because of social and lingustic factors or types. Based on the finding of data that the writer analyze from Nessie Judge’s utterance in her vlog, the most types of code switching that in Nessie Judge utterances is Intersentential type
AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE USED IN THE LYRIC OF “A WHOLE NEW WORLD” BY ZAYN MALIK AND ZHAVIA WARD
Authors: Nursolihat Siti , Kareviati Evie
Published: July 2020

Language is a tool of communication used by people anywhere and every time. Now days people commonly find a figurative language in daily life, for example in a lyric of song. Figurative language is a way to express an idea in implicit way. This research is trying to analyze the figurative languages which exist in the lyric of song “A Whole New World” and trying to find out its meaning by analyzing its contextual meaning. This is a descriptive qualitative research. The data instrument is the song lyric which taken from Genius website. The result showed that this song consist of some figurative languages, such as alliteration, simile, personification, metaphor, and hyperbole. Furthermore, the most figurative language used in the lyric is metaphor. It is highly relatable with the imaginative theme of the song itself. The contextual meaning of each figurative language is also explained based on the situation of the lyric.
Mujer y liderazgo en universidades privadas del estado de Hidalgo, México
Authors: Hernández-Gracia Tirso Javier , Duana Avila Danae , Martínez Muñoz Enrique , Martínez Muñoz Bernardino
Published: July 2020

Los puestos de dirección en cualquier empresa, sea pública o privada, generalmente son ocupados por hombres, resultando complicado para una mujer el acceso a esos cargos. En México, este tipo de situaciones aún se encuentran presentes, ya que por un lado, el personal femenino enfrenta problemas asociados a la falta de oportunidades de asumir cargos de jefaturas, y por otro, cuando finalmente lo logran, a veces existen desigualdades entre ambos géneros. La investigación tiene como propósito identificar cuáles son los factores más relevantes que se encuentran relacionados con la poca participación de este género en los mandos directivos, así como los principales alicientes y desigualdades que han experimentado. La muestra por conveniencia fue de cincuenta lideresas que ostentan cargos importantes en  veinte universidades privadas mexicanas del estado de Hidalgo. El estudio es cuantitativo, descriptivo y transaccional y se realizó durante el año 2018-2019. Se aplicó un cuestionario basado en el desarrollado por Bibiana M. Orjuela y David Z. Goyeneche en el 2014.Los resultados indican que aún es frecuente observar que las oportunidades de ocupar un nivel directivo es más favorable para los hombres, por razones que tienen que ver con los cuidados maternos. Los alicientes y desigualdades que más han enfrentado son la ayuda económica al núcleo familiar y la inequidad en los sueldos. Se concluye que debe concientizarse más a los dueños de las empresas para ser más equitativos en las oportunidades y condiciones dentro de un cargo de alto nivel.
Analisis Indikator Ekonomi Makro Di Negara-Negara ASEAN Terhadap Perangkap Negara Berpendapatan Menengah
Authors: Wulansari Mifti Anisa , Suparta I Wayan , Ratih Arivina
Published: July 2020

This study observes how the opportunities of middle-income countries located in ASEAN avoid the Middle Income Trap. Human Development Index, Foreign Direct Investments, Goods and Services Exports, and the Government Effectiveness Index are regressed to GNI per capita with panel analysis. Secondary data are used and was published officially by the World Bank and the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) in 5 ASEAN Regional Countries, namely Indonesia, the Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam in the period 2004-2017.  Also, this study discusses the contribution of the Incremental Capital Output Ratio (ICOR) coefficient to Gross Domestic Product.  The results of the study state that there are significant and positive effects of the independent variables on the dependent variable. Expected that, it's essential to give priority to macroeconomics as a result of this research.  For Advanced Research, you can use bonus demographic and investment variables to provide forecasting to avoid the Middle Income Trap.
Willingness To Pay Masyarakat dalam Mengurangi Dampak Sampah Rumah Tangga
Authors: Pratiwi Sulistya Rini , Kasmawati Kasmawati
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the willingness to pay in the City of Tarakan. Its aim focuses on reducing the negative impact of waste and determine how much influence the value of the willingness to pay the community in reducing the harmful effects of waste in the City of Tarakan. The type of data used in the study is primary data and secondary data. The research location was carried out in four sub-districts in Tarakan City, the research took 30 days to distribute questionnaires, and 400 respondents were received in four sub-districts. City of Tarakan in the amount of Rp. 16575. Simultaneous test results showed that the independent variables namely age, sex, level of education, number of family members and income affect WTP (willingness to pay the community).
Determinan Tingkat Pengangguran: Studi Kasus Wilayah Pengembangan Purwomanggung, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Corolina Natalia Nola , Panjawa Jihad Lukis
Published: July 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat pengangguran pada wilayah pengembangan PURWOMANGGUNG. Adapun determinan tingkat pengangguran meliputi pertumbuhan ekonomi, inflasi, pembangunan manusia dan upah minimum. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dengan jenis data panel, yang meliputi Kabupaten Purworejo,Wonosobo, Magelang, Temanggung dan Kota Magelang (PURWOMANGGUNG) untuk tahun 2012-2019. Sumber data dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah regresi data panel dengan fixed effect (FE). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan inflasi dan upah minium berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap tingkat pengangguran di Purwomanggung. Temuan lain menunjukkan pertumbuhan ekonomi, dan pembangunan manusia tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tingkat pengangguran. Melihat besarnya pengaruh inflasi terhadap jumlah pengangguran di Purwomanggung, maka diharapkan pemerintah daerah kota/kabupaten yang bersangkutan yaitu Purworejo, Magelang ,Kota Magelang, Temanggung dan Wonosobo dapat menjaga kestabilan nilai inflasi sedangkan Melihat besarnya pengaruh upah minimum kota/kabupaten di Purwomanggung terhadap jumlah pengangguran, maka diharapkan pemerintah lebih memperhatikan kalkukasi angka upah minimum yang diterapkan saat ini.
Implikasi Guncangan Nilai Tukar Terhadap Cadangan Devisa, Suku Bunga dan Inflasi
Authors: Sitorus Nurbetty Herlina
Published: July 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana guncangan nilai tukar direspon oleh cadangan devisa, suku bunga dan inflasi yang akan berdampak terhadap kebijakan moneter di Indonesia.  Penelitian ini diuji dengan menggunakan Vector Auto Regression (VAR) dengan pemilihan  periode waktu tahun 2006 sampai tahun 2018 serta memperhatikan impulse respons dan variance decompotition.  Hasil dari impulse response dan vanriance decomposition menunjukkan bahwa guncangan nilai tukar menyebabkan menurunnya cadangan devisa, dan naiknya suku bunga, direspon secara aktif oleh inflasi.

 

Kata kunci : nilai tukar, cadangan devisa, suku bunga, inflasi
Ketimpangan dan Autokorelasi Spasial Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Provinsi di Pulau Jawa dan Pulau Sumatera
Authors: Hamza Lies Maria , Chayyani Nuri Resti
Published: July 2020

This study aims to analyze inequality and spatial autocorrelation of provincial economic growth on the islands of Sumatra and Java. The study period starts from 2010 to 2015, which involves ten provinces on the island of Sumatra and six regions on the island of Java. This study uses the Williamson Index and Moran Index methods. The results of this study indicate that there are differences in income inequality. Java Island has a higher bias than Sumatra Island. The top income variation in Java is caused by high development in one of the provinces in Java while in Sumatra due to geographical and natural resource factors. Besides, the Moran Index shows that there is no spatial linkage of per capita GRDP between provinces in Sumatra and Java.
Food Deserts or Food Swamps?
Authors: Luo Xue
Published: July 2020

Access to healthy, varied and affordable foods has a great impact on individual dietary patterns and diet-related health outcomes. Consequently, there is an increasing interest in identifying food deserts - areas with poor access to supermarkets or other food retailers that provide a wide range of healthy and affordable food. Using geographic information systems (GIS), this study examines geographic accessibility to both supermarkets and fast food outlets, and explores their relationship with neighbourhood socioeconomic and zoning characteristics to identify food deserts and food swamps in Windsor, Ontario, Canada. The results show that access to supermarkets and fast food outlets varied by neighbourhood-level socioeconomic deprivation in Windsor, with socioeconomically disadvantaged areas having better food access than advantaged areas. Consistent with previous findings in other Canadian cities, this study finds that food swamps were more prevalent than food deserts in Windsor.
Managing Bias When Library Collections Become Data
Authors: Coleman Catherine Nicole
Published: July 2020

Developments in AI research have dramatically changed what we can do with data and how we can learn from data. At the same time, implementations of AI amplify the prejudices in data often framed as ‘data bias’ and ‘algorithmic bias.’ Libraries, tasked with deciding what is worth keeping, are inherently discriminatory and yet remain trusted sources of information. As libraries begin to systematically approach their collections as data, will they be able to adopt and adapt the AI-driven tools to traditional practices?

 

Drawing on the work of the AI initiative within Stanford Libraries, the Fantastic Futures conference on AI for libraries, archives, and museums, and recent scholarship on data bias and algorithmic bias, this article encourages libraries to engage critically with AI and help shape applications of the technology to reflect the ethos of libraries for the benefit of libraries themselves and the patrons they serve. A brief examination of two core concepts in machine learning, generalization and unstructured data, provides points of comparison to library practices in order to uncover the theoretical assumptions driving the different domains. The comparison also offers a point of entry for libraries to adopt machine learning methods on their own terms.
PENGARUH MINUMAN ISOTONIK TERHADAP DAYA TAHAN AEROBIK
Authors: Sepriani Rika , Sepriadi Sepriadi
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this research is to prove the benefits of isotonic drinks promised by the manufacturers. This is a quasi-experimental research design involving 20 non-athlete male students. The data were analyzed using t-test.From the data analysis, it was found that there was a significant difference between aerobic endurance before and after drinking isotonic drinks, tobserve (5.398604) > ttable (1.729) at level significant α = 0.05. Based on the result of the research, it can be concluded that isotonic drinks has a significant effect towards students’ aerobic endurance.
Length-weight relationship for two fish species from Ipanema National Forest, São Paulo state, Brazil
Authors: Soinski Thais Aparecida , Costa Matheus Souza , Brambilla Eduardo Meneguzzi , Smith Welber Senteio
Published: July 2020

The weight-length relationship is an important tool in the studies of fish biology, physiology and ecology, as this relationship is useful for determining weight and biomass, indicating conditions and allowing comparisons between the growth of different populations, in addition, this relationship can also be used to assess the degree of health of species in the environment. The objective of this study was to present unpublished data on the weight-length relationship (LWRs) of the species Hypostomus ancistroides and Corydoras flaveolus. The fish were sampled in the months of January and June 2013 in rivers of the Ipanema National Forest, sub-basin of the Ipanema River, collected through sieves and trawls. 91 individuals were captured, distributed in one order and two families 52 from Hypostomus ancistroides and 39 from Corydoras flaveolus. The results of this study showed that the Hypostomus ancistroides is outside of what is expected for parameter “a” 0.0058 (0.0043-0.0072), and Corydoras flaveolus is outside of what is expected for parameter “b” 3.75 (3.38-4.11), these date consisted of important biological information for freshwater fish, as this relationship justifies the search for mathematical improvement of the indices, as well as standardization of the types of condition factor used in studies with the same species, facilitating comparisons and, consequently, management and conservation actions.
PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING WITH A SCIENTIFIC APPROACH AS A SOLUTION TO DEVELOP STUDENTS' MATHEMATICS LEARNING OUTCOMES
Authors: Atika A. Riska , Idris Ridwan , Abrar Andi Ika Prasasti , Majid Ahmad Farham
Published: July 2020

Abstract:This study aims to understand the influence of the problem-based learning model with a scientific approach to grade VIII students' mathematics learning outcomes at SMP Negeri 1 Sungguminasa. This research uses a quasi-experimental method with a non-equivalent control group design. This research collected its research data through the distribution of observation sheets and learning achievement tests. Based on the descriptive statistical analysis results that the average value of student learning outcomes by using the problem-based learning model is 78.7, and the standard deviation is 7.21, while the average value of student learning outcomes without the problem-based learning model treatment is 72.19, and the standard deviation is 7.01. The results of the inferential analysis indicate the significant value (2-tailed) of 0.003 < 0.05, signifying a rejected H0. For that reason, this research concludes that there is a significant difference in grade VIII students' mathematics learning outcomes at SMP Negeri 1 Sungguminasa when the problem-based learning model with a scientific approach is implemented.Abstrak:Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaraan berbasis masalah dengan pendekatan saintifik terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Sungguminasa. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi eksperimen dengan desain penelitian non equivalent control group design. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi dan tes hasil belajar. Berdasarkan hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa menggunakan model problem based learning adalah sebesar 78,7, dan standar deviasinya 7,21, sedangkan rata-rata hasil belajar siswa yang tidak menggunakan model problem based learning adalah 72,19, dan standar deviasinya 7,01. Hasil analisis inferensial menunjukkan nilai signifikan (2-tailed) sebesar 0,003 < 0,05, yang berarti H0 ditolak. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan dalam hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 1 Sungguminasa ketika menerapkan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah dengan pendekatan saintifik.
STUDENTS THINKING PROCESS IN SOLVING THE PROBLEMS OF SOCIAL ARITHMETIC STORIES TEST BASED ON GENDER
Authors: Nurhayati Ai Siti , Aripin Usman
Published: July 2020

Abstract:This study aims to find out how the thinking process of female and male students in solving problems analyzed using thinking type indicators according to Zuhri and Wing that divided into three, namely conceptual, semi-conceptual, and computational thinking processes. This research method used a qualitative descriptive study. The instrument in the study consisted of test questions given to 34 VII grade students in one of Junior High School in Cimahi. Based on the results, can be known about the conceptual thinking process only done by female students with a percentage of 11.8%, the semi-conceptual thinking process of female students was 64.7% and 47% of male students, as for computational thinking process of female students was 23.5% and 53%  male students. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that female students tend to think semi-conceptually while male students tend to think computationally.Abstrak:Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses berpikir siswa perempuan dan laki-laki dalam menyelesaikan masalah yang dianalisis menggunakan indikator jenis berpikir menurut Zuhri dan Wing yang dibagi menjadi tiga yaitu proses berpikir konseptual, semi-konseptual, dan komputasi. Metode penelitian ini berupa penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Instrumen dalam penelitian berupa soal tes yang diberikan kepada 34 siswa kelas VII SMP di Kota Cimahi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat diketahui bahwa proses berpikir konseptual hanya dilakukan siswa perempuan dengan persentase 11,8%, proses berpikir semi-konseptual siswa perempuan adalah 64,7% dan siswa laki-laki 47%, sedangkan untuk proses berpikir komputasi siswa perempuan adalah 23,5% dan siswa laki-laki 53%. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa siswa perempuan cenderung berpikir secara semikonseptual, sedangkan siswa laki-laki cenderung berpikir secara komputasional.
Preliminary screening of Avena sterilis L. for resistance to crown rust
Authors: SOWA SYLWIA
Published: July 2020

The best source of crown rust resistance genes (Pc) in genus Avena is a wild hexaploid A. sterilis L. In this study, accessions of A. sterilis gathered from European and North American gene banks, originated from 21 countries were evaluated at the seedling stage for crown rust reaction using the host–pathogen test and two Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae isolates. Of the 45 oat accessions analyzed, 12 were resistant to one crown rust race (3.2). Resistance to both pathotypes used in the study was observed in two of the accessions, first of which was collected in Libya (AVE 2532) and second in Portugal (CN 26036). Further research is required to evaluate the genetic background of the discovered resistance, however, obtained results provide a valuable first step in the identification of new promising crown rust resistance sources.