bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phylogeography and hybridization of corvid birds in the Palearctic Region
Authors: Kryukov A. P.
Published: March 2019

Natural hybridization increases a lot phenotypic and genetic diversity and shapes intra-species patterns, which is a subject of phylogeography. We studied mitochondrial and complete genome variation in the bird family Corvidae, genera Corvus, Pica, Cyanopica, Perisoreus and Nucifraga. In the classic case of natural hybridization between carrion and hooded crows in Siberia, we found no decreased fitness of hybrids, but instead positive assortative mating which should restrict hybrid zone width. Several genetic markers were unable to discriminate between pure carrion and hooded crows. Mitochondrial DNA sequences revealed no difference between carrion and hooded crows, but instead two diverged haplogroups within the eastern part of the distribution range of the carrion crow. NGS resulted in a clear pattern of diversification of pure forms and hybrids (by using SNPs), and showed genomic regions of increased variability, the so-called “speciation islands”. Comparing European and Siberian crow hybrid zones, differences in genome regions bearing genes of melanogenesis supposedly under divergent selection were found. Comparative phylogeographic analysis of 10 widely distributed Palearctic species revealed two kinds of patterns: one with a division into two haplogroups, western and eastern, and another one without such a division. These two phylogeographic patterns might be explained by different habitat preferences: mainly open fields for the first group and forests for the second one. One glacial refuge was assigned to the latter group, while west-east group species might have survived in several refuges. One of such species, the Eurasian magpie (Pica pica) has a gap in its range in Transbaikalia, which is currently shrinking before our eyes. The two subspecies divided by this gap differ in phenotype, mtDNA and vocalization. In their young contact zone, some hybridization occurs with small introgression limited by certain post-zygotic isolation.
Antithrombotic therapy in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Goncharova N. S. , Simakova М. A. , Moiseeva O. M.
Published: March 2019

Histology studies fnd organized thrombi in small pulmonary arteries in 57% patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). This evidence justifed a rationale for the widespread use of oral anticoagulants (OAK) in patients with PAH of various etiologies. In recent years, the concept of OAK therapy in PAH patients has changed due to the novel data from clinical retrospective and prospective studies involving patients with PAH of various etiologies who have received anticoagulants. The present review discusses possible risk factors for thrombosis and bleeding in patients with PAH, indications, effcacy, and safety of OAK therapy in diverse PAH etiologies.
Assessment of the 24-hour profle of blood pressure and arterial stiffness in patients with end-stage renal disease
Authors: Minyukhina I. E. , Praskurnichiy E. A.
Published: March 2019

Objective. The purpose of our study was to research specifc features the daily changes of the vascular stiffness (VS) in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and to assess the feasibility of using the 24-hour vascular index Pulse Time Index of Norm (PTIN) (the percentage of the 24-hour period during which the pulse wave velocity (PWVao) does not exceed 10 m/second) in the management of arterial hypertension (HTN) in patients after renal transplantation (RT).

Design and methods. We examined 158 people, divided into 4 comparable age groups: those receiving program hemodialysis (PGD), patients after RT, patients with essential HTN and healthy volunteers. All of them underwent 24-hour blood pressure (BP) monitoring with a daily evaluation of VS indices and central BP. At follow-up, 27 patients from the PG group underwent all assessments also 1 week and 6 months after transplantation.

Results. Patients with ESRD compared with patients with essential HTN had elevated PWVao, night central BP and decrease PTIN. PTIN changes were the most signifcant. In 27 patients a week after the RT a decrease in the PTIN was found in most cases. After 6 months the mean PTIN in the whole group increased again. Our study demonstrates HTN persistence after kidney transplantation can be predicted. Two PTIN states could be predicted by the cutoff PTIN value that was determined in the study: a state of improvement and a state of decline/unchanged state. PTIN cutoff value at 45 % was characterized by 69 % sensitivity, 76 % specifcity and AUC of 0,65. Therefore, baseline PTIN ≥ 45 % (before RT) is associated with its further growth, and a favourable course of HTN.

Conclusions. Patients receiving replacement therapy, compared to patients with essential HTN, showed a marked increase in the daily VS and the night central BP. The daily PTIN is the most accurate predictor of the changes in the VS index, the PTIN values before the RT at the PG stage allow predicting the course of HTN after the RT
Comparison of hemodynamic and infarct-limiting effects of preservation solution based on Krebs–Henseleit buffer and HTK solution in the rat model of heterotopic heart transplantation
Authors: Galagudza M. M. , Minasian S. M. , Dmitriev Yu. V. , Poleshenko Ya. I. , Shubina P. Yu. , Protsak E. S. , Uskov I. S. , Sonin D. L. , Kutenkov A. A. , Vlasov T. D.
Published: March 2019

Objective. To compare the cardioprotective effcacy of a preservation solution based on Krebs–Henseleit buffer and HTK solution in the model of heterotopic heart transplantation in rat.

Design and methods. A study was conducted on 12 Wistar rats. The animals were divided into groups depending on the preservation solution used: 1) Krebs–Henseleit buffer-based solution (n = 7), 2) HTK (n = 5). Each experiment consisted of collecting donor heart, preserving it with an appropriate cardioplegic solution, heterotopic transplantation into a recipient rat followed by explantation and evaluation of left ventricular contractility using the Langendorff model and histochemical assessment of the irreversible myocardial damage. Coronary blood ﬂow in the donor heart was assessed in vivo using ultrasound doppler ﬂowmetry. After 3 hours, the donor heart was explanted and connected to the Langendorff apparatus to assess left ventricular contractility, and the myocardium was subjected to histochemical staining with 1 % triphenyltetrazolium chloride for the assessment of the irreversible myocardial damage.

Results. In the group of Krebs–Henseleit buffer-based cardioplegic solution, 7 experiments were performed. Myocardial infarct size was 3,5 ± 1,2%, the coronary ﬂow rate was 4,5 ± 1,3 ml/min, and the developed left ventricular pressure of the donor heart was 70 ± 6,3 mmHg at diastolic left ventricular pressure of 10 mmHg. In the HTK solution group (n = 5), in all of the experiments after the start of blood ﬂow, the transplanted heart did not begin to contract, and all 5 hearts remained in an asystole state. Therefore, after the end of the 3-hour reperfusion period, the assessment of the contractility of the left ventricle using the Langendorff apparatus was not carried out. Coronary ﬂow rate was only 0,4 ± 0,1 ml/min, probably resulting from inadequate cardioprotection with HTK solution. Due to the lack of adequate reperfusion, the accurate assessment of the irreversible myocardial damage was impossible in the HTK solution group.

Conclusions. The technique of heterotopic heart transplantation in rats is adequate and informative for the study of ischemia-reperfusion myocardial damage as well as for the study of the effectiveness of cardioplegic and cardiac preservation solutions. Cardioplegic solution based on Krebs– Henseleit buffer demonstrated greater cardioprotective effectiveness in our model compared to HTK solution.
Risk factors for cardiovascular complications in women with hypertensive disorders during pregnancy
Authors: Tarasova O. A. , Chulkov V. S. , Sinitsin S. P. , Vereina N. K. , Chulkov Vl. S.
Published: March 2019

Objective.We performed a cross-sectional study of risk factors and biomarkers of cardiovascular diseases among young women with hypertensive disorders during pregnancy in comparison with women without hypertension during pregnancy.

Design and methods.Altogether 117 women were enrolled, 33 were included in the group of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy, and 44 formed the group without hypertension during pregnancy. The control group consisted of 40 patients. The time interval after delivery was on average 5 to 19 years.

Results and conclusions.Women with hypertension during pregnancy developed changes in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism associated with hypertension and abdominal obesity, which are the components of the cluster of the metabolic syndrome. These changes are also accompanied by insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, adipokine imbalance, changes in fbrinolysis and more pronounced remodeling of the heart and vessels as target organs in hypertension.
PERIPHERAL VITREOCHORIRETNAL DEGENERATIONS: QUESTIONS OF CLASSIFICATION, DIAGNOSTICS WITH OF GOLDMAN LENS, AND TACTICS OF THE PATIENTS MANAGEMENT
Authors: Petrayevsky A. V. , Gndoyan I. A
Published: March 2019

The authors points of views on the clinical classification, diagnostics with of Goldman lens, and tactics in patients with peripheral vitreochoriretnal degenerations are delivered.
THE REMOTE OUTCOMES OF GLAUCOMA SURGERY
Authors: Popova E. V , Fabrikantov O. L
Published: March 2019

We perform the results of examination of 38 patients (45 eyes), undergone primary open-angle glaucoma surgery. The patients underwent non-penetrating deep sclerectomy with the implantation of hemostatic sponge impregnated with sol. Dexamethasone into intrascleral space. The mean values of IOP was (17,4 ± 0,18) mm Hg in 6 months postoperatively The given technique increases and prolongs the hypotensive effect, allows receiving the well-formed filtrating bleb and intrascleral area, decreases the possibility of trabecular descemet membrane thickening.
Dynamic analysis of soil-structure interaction effects on NPP building using simplified and solid FE model of layered subsoil
Authors: Králik Juraj , Králik Juraj
Published: March 2019

This paper describes the soil-structure interaction (SSI) effects to the Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) structure with reactor VVER-1200/491 PWR. The simplified 1D and numerical 3D FE models of the layered subsoil are investigated. The methodology of the calculation of the frequency dependent complex functions of the soil stiffness and damping is presented.
Influences of wind and rotating speed on the fluid-structure interaction vibration for the offshore wind turbine blade
Authors: Shi Fengfeng , Wang Zhiyu , Zhang Jianping , Gong Zhen , Guo Liang
Published: March 2019

For the 5MW offshore wind turbine blade, the control and discrete equations of the fluid domain and structural domain were established respectively, and the calculation formulas of blade loads and damping coefficient were given. Furthermore, the blade entity modeling was completed by using UG and ANSYS Workbench. Based on it, the numerical calculation of blade vibration characteristics under different wind and rotating speeds was carried out, and the reliability verification was conducted by the wind tunnel test. The results of calculation indicate that the numerical results of the first principal stresses at the blade surface along the span-wise direction are consistent with the results of wind tunnel test, which verifies the reliability of the theory and numerical models. Both the influences of the bidirectional fluid-structure interaction (BFSI) and the rotation effect on the characteristics of blade vibration should be underlined. The increase of wind or rotating speed results in the nonlinear increase of the maximum span-wise displacement of the blade and of the Mises-stresses. Under different wind or rotating speed, the blade’s maximum displacement occurs at its tip, its maximum Mises-stresses appear at the relative wingspan of 0.55, and the contribution of rotating speed and average wind speed to the displacement or Mises-stress along the span-wise direction is similar.
Selecting Ventilation Fan Capacity for University Classroom Based on Empirical Data
Authors: Taemthong Wannawit
Published: March 2019

This paper presents a guideline for selecting ventilation fan based on empirical data. The research project was undertaken in a university classroom of 64 square meters. In a two-hour experiment, carbon dioxide levels exceeded 1600 ppm when not using any ventilation system. Subsequently, the carbon dioxide levels increased approximately at a rate of 11.49 ppm per minute for 15 students sitting in the room. The carbon dioxide levels within the tested classroom exceeded 1000 ppm after the 42nd minute. When students left the room, CO2 decreased approximately at a rate of 3.67 ppm per minute. Straight-line functions were used to model the increasing and decreasing behaviour of CO2 concentration in the classroom. An example of how to select an appropriate ventilation fan capacity is shown as an approximation guideline.
Sustainable Design Camp as a Platform to apply the Principles of Editing Urban Design to the City’s Strategic Plan
Authors: Aitani Kochiro
Published: March 2019

“Sustainable Design Camp” is a collaborative workshop organized by three Universities. Inter-disciplinary and international students are divided into several teams with their specialties as architecture and urban design, building systems, building structures and the landscape architecture under the instruction by the various experts. After the site survey with SWOT analysis, each team will find issues (weakness) and potentials (strength) of the target site. The proposed solutions will be evaluated by the environment evaluation tool CASBEE for community development.Throughout of the entire process, students will be well-educated and trained to facilitate how to utilize their specialties in the inter-disciplinary settings, and furthermore, international approach helps to find out the issues and potentials of the site objectively. This collaborative approach among Public, Academic and Private will be necessary to establish the city’s strategic plan for the sustainable future.
DEM Spatial Resolution Impact On Hillslope Erosion and Deposition Modeling, an Application On Lebanese Watersheds
Authors: A. Doumit Jean , Awad Souhail F.
Published: March 2019

Geographic Information Systems analysis based on Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) vary with spatial resolution and datasets production method. DEMs with different spatial resolutions can lead to several analysis results. This study investigates the effects of DEMs on predicting soil erosion and deposition modeling on Lebanese river basins. Two DEMs at different spatial resolutions from two sources were used to calculate topographic and hydrological parameters for the prediction of the Sediment Transport Index (STI), the erosion-deposition based on Unit Stream Power Erosion and the Deposition Model (USPED) taking into account only the topography factors expressed in DEMs.

This paper analyzes hillslope erosion and deposition rates in a GIS to estimate patterns sheet and rill erosion in 13 Lebanese river basins. A correlation analysis applied to test the degree of similarity between the datasets and the effect of erosion deposition with spatial resolution.

Results indicate that rill erosion and deposition have an influence on high spatial resolution DEMs, due to the good terrain representation especially the concave forms of deposition.

This result shows the increased rill erosivity of channel ?ow in the downstream, and sediment deposition in concave areas.
John Stuart Mill’s republican feminism
Authors: Hessmann Dalaqua Gustavo
Published: March 2019

Este artigo sustenta que o compromisso com a igualdade de gênero e a percepção aguda da subordinação das mulheres ao patriarcado levaram John Stuart Mill a elaborar uma concepção de liberdade tributária do republicanismo. Para substanciar a tese de que o conceito de liberdade exposto em A sujeição das mulheres trilharia uma via comum entre feminismo e republicanismo, destacam-se quatro semelhanças entre a teoria política de Mill e a liberdade republicana, dentre as quais constam (i) a identificação da liberdade com a ausência de sujeição arbitrária e (ii) a ideia de que a liberdade só pode ser exercitada entre iguais.
Studi Korelasi antara Motivasi Kerja, Kompetensi Profesional Guru, dan Etos Kerja terhadap Kinerja Guru
Authors: Segantara I Gede Mahendra , Yudana I Made , Sunu I Gusti Ketut Arya
Published: March 2019

The study was conducted in order to figure out and analyze the correlation coefficient between (1) work motivation and the teachers’ performances at SMP Negeri 2 Bebandem; (2) teachers’ professional competencies and the teachers’ performances at SMP Negeri 2 Bebandem; (3) work morale and the teachers’ performances at  SMP Negeri 2 Bebandem; (4) work motivation, teachers’ professional competencies, and work morale toward the teachers’ performances at SMP Negeri 2 Bebandem.The study utilized an ex-post facto design, while the data were collected by using questionnaires ofachieving motivation, teachers’ professional competencies, and work morale, as well as the teachers’ performances. The data were analyzed by multiple regressions and correlation test. The population of the study is 43 teachers of SMP Negeri 2 Bebandem. Based on the findings that the variables of work motivation, teachers’ professional competencies, as well as work morale could become predictors to improve the teachers’ performances.
Analisis dan Desain Sistem Informasi Geografis untuk Pemetaan Infrastruktur Pemerintahan (Studi Kasus: Kota Pontianak)
Authors: Ramadhani Dochi , Permana Ryan , Lesmana Chandra
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this research is to produce an application of geographic information system that can help Bappeda Pontianak City and other related parties in: 1) managing information of government infrastructure, 2) mapping the location of government infrastructure deployment, 3) handling historical data of government infrastructure, 4) provides information on the condition of government infrastructure so as to better support infrastructure maintenance planning and local revenue management. This research is done by storing the data attribute infrastructure into a tabular data, then mapping infrastructure based on the location where the infrastructure is built into a thematic layer. The thematic layers are then arranged overlaid with other layers and relate to tabular data so that it can be analyzed based on geographic conditions (spatial analysis) as well as analysis based on tabular data and client-server function so that the number of infrastructure points on the admin and user side amounts to same. The resulting system can handle the data input process and data search process and perform spatial functions well. The data input by the user is always validated and there is feedback to the user when an error occurs. The system is capable of handling historical data of an infrastructure based on the infrastructure point id and displaying it in the form of attribute data. The system can show the deployment of infrastructure in Pontianak City which is described in the form of maps so that users can know more clearly the location and condition of existing infrastructure. The results of research using blackbox testing by looking directly the results of existing applications.
Patriarki Domestik Novel Perempuan Berkalung Sorban Karya Abidah El Khalieqy
Authors: Kusumawati Hesty
Published: March 2019

The symptoms of patriarchy open space controversy due to the emergence of violent men over women at once into the wetlands for the author to dismantle, even readers in order to build awareness of arif in facing the sides of life nuances of patriarchy. Women Berkalung Turbans works Abidah El Khalieqy loaded with patriarchy. This study mengolaborasikan the theory of domination, patriarchy, and violence in the realm of Sociology literature. Writers in its implementation be flexible over existing theories to be more critical and not stuck in one perspective. The results of the analysis showed that the patriarchal Women Berkalung Turbans as follows: 1). the domestic violence directly marked Patriarchal presence of actions, deeds, and the behavior of injure, damage, and destroyed with the intent to legitimize power, and 2). The patriarchal domestic violence indirectly signaled the presence of dirty sayings, not worthy, and deviate from the norm with the aim of influencing the mindset and psychic, so woke up the image that men are more important than women.
Upaya Preventif Konflik Sosial dengan Pengembangan Materi Pembelajaran Berbasis Multikultural
Authors: Sutresna Ida Bagus , Dewantara I Putu Mas , Tantri Ade Asih Susiari
Published: March 2019

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian multiyears yang bertujuan untuk mengembangkan materi pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia berbasis multikultural sebagai upaya preventif konflik sosial. Model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah ADDIE (Analysis-Design-Development-Implementation-Evaluation). Di tahun pertama, pengambangan dilakukan sampaitahapan development. Penelitian ini berlokasi di Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha (Undiksha) dan Universitas Mahasaraswati (Unmas) Denpasar dengan sampel 10 dosen (8 dosen Undiksha dan 2 dosen Unmas). Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan dua jenis instrumen, yaitu instrumen untuk data kualitatif yang dikumpulkan dengan teknik wawancara dan observasi serta instrumen untuk data kuantitatif yang dikumpulkan dengan angket. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Analisis kebutuhan materi pembelajaran menunjukkan perlunya pengembangan materi pembelajaran berbasis multikultural sebagai upaya preventif konflik sosial, dan (2) hasil uji ahli menunjukkan meteri pembelajaran valid dan memperoleh tanggapan sangat baik dari dosen (3,64) dan sangat baik dari mahasiswa (3,60).
Mimikri dan Hibriditas Novel Para Priyayi (Kajian Poskolonial)
Authors: Wardani Kadek Devi Kalfika Anggria
Published: March 2019

: Praktik koloniaslisme di tanah air yang berlangsung selama tiga setengah abad telah membawa banyak perubahan mendasar pada garis-garis kultural bangsa Indonesia, sebagai bangsa terjajah. Hal ini kemudian tergambar jelas dalam karya sastra poskolonial yang terbit kala itu, termasuk novel Para Priyayi karya Umar Kayam. Pendeskripsian realitas fiksi dan realitas historis tersebut telah memunculkan pola mimikri dan hibriditas. Berdasarkan pengkajian dengan metode hermeutika dan deskriptif berhasil diungkap beberapa hal berikut. Pertama, gejala mimikri yang muncul dalam novel Para Priyayi setidaknya mencakup tiga hal , yaitu (1) mimikri dalam berbahasa; (2) mimikri sebagai penyesuaian etika dan kategori ideal; (3) dan local genius mimikri. Kedua, gejala hibriditas muncul dalam lingkungan sekolah, birokrasi kepemimpinan, dan pendirian sekolah dan perhimpunan organisasi-organisasi pemuda.
Membangun Sikap Bahasa Positif terhadap Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Dewantara I Putu Mas , Suandi I Nengah , Putrayasa Ida Bagus , Rasna I Wayan
Published: March 2019

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan dengan model 4D (Define, Design, Develop, dan Disseminate). Tujuan penelitian adalah mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia untuk membangun sikap bahasa positif terhadap bahasa Indonesia. Pada makalah ini pembahasan lebih difokuskan pada pola insersi nilai-nilai untuk membangun sikap bahasa terhadap bahasa Indonesia dan efektifitas perangkat yang dikembangkan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik wawancara, observasi, studi dokumen, dan angket. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola insersi penanaman sikap bahasa positif dapat dilakukan dengan menganalisis pembelajaran dan menanamkan nilai pada materi pembelajaran. Uji efektifitas menunjukkan bahwa insersi sikap bahasa dalam bahan ajar efektif menumbuhkan sikap bahasa positif terhadap bahasa Indonesia.
Metadata expert from Japan
Authors: Hakala Juha
Published: March 2019

Interview with professor Shigeo Sugimoto.
Changes in yield and nutritive value of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and Festulolium (Festulolium braunii (K. Richt) A. Camus) under drought stress
Authors: Staniak Mariola
Published: March 2019

The aim of the research was to assess the impact of water stress on the yield and content of basic nutrients in the biomass of Trifolium pratense and Festulolium braunii cultivated in pure stand and in mixture. A pot experiment was carried out in 2012–2014, at two levels of soil moisture: well-watered and drought stress. The study showed that stress significantly reduced the dry matter yield (DMY), the most in T. pratense, followed by mixture, and F. braunii. The effect of drought stress on the nutritive value was considerable less pronounced than the influence on DMY. No significant influence of water deficit on crude protein, crude fibre and crude ash contents was found, but only on water-soluble carbohydrate and crude fat content in one year of the study. It was found, that under drought stress T. pratense is more suitable for cultivation in the mixture with F. braunii than in pure stand, due to a lower reduction of DMY and no adverse effect of water deficiency on yield quality.
Combination of ribosome and phage display for fast selection of high affinity VHH antibody fragments
Authors: Kravchenko YuE , Ivanov SV , Kravchenko DS , Frolova EI , Chumakov SP
Published: March 2019

Selection of antibodies using phage display involves the preliminary cloning of the repertoire of sequences encoding antigen-binding domains into phagemid, which is considered the bottleneck of the method, limiting the resulting diversity of libraries and leading to the loss of poorly represented variants before the start of the selection procedure. Selection in cell-free conditions using a ribosomal display is devoid from this drawback, however is highly sensitive to PCR artifacts and the RNase contamination. The aim of the study was to test the efficiency of a combination of both methods, including pre-selection in a cell-free system to enrich the source library, followed by cloning and final selection using phage display. This approach may eliminate the shortcomings of each method and increase the efficiency of selection. For selection, alpaca VHH antibody sequences suitable for building an immune library were used due to the lack of VL domains. Analysis of immune libraries from the genes of the VH3, VHH3 and VH4 families showed that the VHH antibodies share in the VH3 and VH4 gene groups is insignificant, and selection from the combined library is less effective than from the VHH3 family of sequences. We found that the combination of ribosomal and phage displays leads to a higher enrichment of high-affinity fragments and avoids the loss of the original diversity during cloning. The combined method allowed us to obtain a greater number of different high-affinity sequences, and all the tested VHH fragments were able to specifically recognize the target, including the total protein extracts of cell cultures.
Influencia del estilo de enseñanza en el aprendizaje de elementos técnicos deportivos
Authors: Molins-Nimo S. , Onetti W. , Castillo-Rodríguez A.
Published: March 2019

El objetivo del presente estudio ha sido analizar el clima de aula (CA) y la motivación intrínseca (MI) durante clases de Educación Física utilizando estilos de enseñanza diferentes. En un grupo se utilizó el estilo de enseñanza de asignación de tareas (AT) y en otro grupo, enseñanza recíproca (ER). Para poder analizar las variables de CA y MI, al final de cada sesión se cumplimentaron los cuestionarios correspondientes. Se llevó a cabo T-test para muestras independientes. Los resultados muestran mayores puntuaciones de MI tras las clases desarrolladas a través del estilo de AT y mayor puntuación en CA tras las clases con estilo de ER. Como conclusión, se recomienda a los profesores de Educación Física, la utilización de los estilos AT y ER para aumentar la MI y el CA en la enseñanza de elementos técnicos en el bloque de contenidos de juegos y deportes.
Tiempo de permanencia en diferentes rangos de intensidad en jugadores de fútbol
Authors: Parra-Rojas Nicolás , García-Cantó Eliseo , Rosa-Guillamón Andrés
Published: March 2019

El objetivo fue analizar el porcentaje de tiempo en diferentes rangos de intensidad según la posición de juego. Estudio no experimental descriptivo relacional,con 18 futbolistas amateurs, de 20-34 años de edad. Durante 71 partidos de liga, se midieron los porcentajes de tiempo en los niveles de intensidad moderada y vigorosa, siguiendo puntos de corte estándar. Los resultados mostraron diferencias en el porcentaje de tiempo al comparar las distintas posiciones de juego. Los jugadores que ocupaban las posiciones de centrocampista, delantero y extremo son los que presentaron un mayor porcentaje de tiempo en el nivel vigoroso en comparación con los que ocupan las posiciones defensivas; siendo estos, los defensas centrales y defensas laterales, los que mostraron un mayor porcentaje de tiempo en moderada intensidad en relación a aquellos. La posición de juego es una de las variables que condicionan el tipo de esfuerzo físico realizado por el futbolista en competición.
Análisis bibliográfico sobre los programas de recreos activos
Authors: Martín-Acosta Fátima , Escaravajal Rodríguez Juan Carlos
Published: March 2019

El objetivo del presente trabajo consiste en revisar, recopilar y analizar la bibliografía relacionada con los programas de recreos activos en centros escolares. Se realizó un revisión documental de los artículos publicados desde 2010 hasta septiembre de 2018 en las siguientes bases de datos: Dialnet, EBSCOhost, Google Scholar y Web of Science. Las palabras clave utilizadas fueron: recreos activos, active recreation y active recess. De esta búsqueda se obtuvieron un total de 153 artículos, publicados entre 2010 y 2018, posteriormente se llevó a cabo un proceso de selección final aplicando los criterios de inclusión: (1) artículos originales; (2) publicados en revistas indexadas; (3) escritos en castellano o inglés; y (4) artículos que describen las actuaciones desarrolladas durante los recreos. Obteniendo finalmente 10 artículos para analizar. En los resultados se observó, en relación a la tipología, que los más presentes son de experiencia (50%), seguidos de investigación (40%). Por otro lado y en relación a las etapas en las que están enfocados, Primaria es la más representada con un 56,3%, seguida de Infantil (25%). En base a los programas analizados, se observa que las actuaciones más empleadas para fomentar la práctica de actividad física en los recreos son: organización de torneos, habilitación de nuevos espacios deportivos, decoración del patio, realización de juegos cooperativos, adquisición de nuevo equipamiento deportivo y fabricación de materiales autoconstruidos.
Gene therapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus: state of art
Authors: Stafeev Yu S , Menshikov M Yu , Parfyonova Ye V
Published: March 2019

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and other metabolic diseases are essential links in the structure of morbidity and mortality in the modern world. The accepted strategy for the correction of T2DM and insulin resistance is drug therapy aimed at delivering insulin from the outside, stimulating the secretion of own insulin and reducing the concentration of blood glucose. However, modern studies demonstrate a great potential for the use of gene therapy approaches for the correction of T2DM and insulin resistance. In the present review, the main variants of plasmid gene therapy of T2DM using the genes of adiponectin and type 1 glucagon-like peptide, as well as the main variants of viral gene therapy of T2DM using the genes of type 1 and leptin are considered. T2DM gene therapy is currently not ready to enter into routine clinical practice, but, subject to improvements in delivery systems, it can be a powerful link in combination therapy for diabetes.
Comparative analysis of bile acid spectrum in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cholelithiasis
Authors: Vakhrushev Ya M , Lukashevich A P , Penkina I A , Suchkova E V
Published: March 2019

Aim. Сomparative studying of changes in the spectrum of bile acids in bile in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cholelithiasis. Materials and methods. 140 patients were included in the survey: 50 - with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and 90 - with cholelithiasis. The diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was established on the basis of ultrasound examination of the liver, the elasticity and fibrosis of liver by using the sonoelastography and liver biopsy. The prestone stage of cholelithiasis was established on the basis of ultrasound examination of the gallbladder and biochemical examination of bile. The level of total cholesterol, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase were studied using the analyzer "Labsystems" (Finland). The spectrum of bile acids in bile is studied by mass spectrometry on AmazonX apparatus (Bruker Daltonik GmbH, Bremen, Germany). Results and discussion. Biochemical blood test revealed increase of cholesterol, triglycerides, cytolysis markers, and cholestasis, the most pronounced in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Biochemical study of bile showed increase of cholesterol, decrease the total amount of bile acids and cholatecholesterol coefficient in the vesicle and hepatic bile in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cholelithiasis. Mass spectrometry showed decrease the total amount of free bile acids (choloidal, chenodeoxycholic, deoxycholic) and increase the content of conjugated bile acids (glycocholic, glycodesoxycholic, taurocholic, taurodeoxycholic, ursodeoxycholic), the most pronounced in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Conclusion. Unidirectional changes in the spectrum of bile acids in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cholelithiasis give reason to believe that the trigger mechanism in the disturbance of bile acids metabolism is the liver. Reduction of primary bile acids, imbalance of phospholipids and cholesterol disrupt the stabilization of bile, resulting in unfavorable conditions in the bile ducts to form stones.
MutYH-associated polyposis
Authors: Toboeva M Kh , Shelygin Yu A , Frolov S A , Kuzminov M A , Tsukanov A S
Published: March 2019

MutYH-associated polyposis is the only polyposis syndrome with an autosomal recessive type of inheritance, often phenotypically similar to a weakened form of familial adenomatous polyposis. For the development of the disease mutations in both alleles of the gene are required, but an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer in carriers of monoallelic mutations is noted. The diagnosis of MutYH-associated polyposis should be suspected in a patient with colorectal cancer over 45 years old on the background of polyps in the colon. The review presents modern algorithms for diagnostic and treatment of the disease.
Celiac disease associated with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Krums L M , Babaian A F , Bykova S V , Lishchinskaia A A , Khomeriki S G , Gudkova R B , Sabel'nikova E A , Kniazev O V , Parfenov A I
Published: March 2019

The article provides clinical observation of a patient who was diagnosed with celiac disease when he was 52 years (Marsh stage IIIB). Following gluten-free diet (GFD) clinical remission and restoration of small intestinal mucosa (SIM) structure occurred, however in 6 years ulcerative colitis developed and an impairment of SIM morphological structure was identified (Marsh stage IIIA). Ulcerative colitis and celiac disease remission is supported by GFD, anti-cytokine therapy (adalimumab) in combination with mesalazine.
Risk factors associated with portal vein thrombosis in liver cirrhosis: A case-control study
Authors: Nadinskaia M. Yu. , Kodzoeva Kh. B. , Ulyanova K. A. , Rogacheva S. I. , Volkova A. S. , Dekhanov A. S. , Strelkova D. A. , Ivashkin V. T.
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background. Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) in patients with liver cirrhosis is a common complication associated with adverse outcomes. The aim of the study was to build a predictive model for PVT in cirrhotic patients.

Materials and methods. A single centre case-control study was carried out. From the database of 1512 cirrhotic patients 94 with newly diagnosed PVT based on contrast-enhanced computed tomography were referred to the Case group. Malignant PVT was an exclusion criterion. Patients without PVT were stratified and matched according to sex, age and etiology of cirrhosis; case-control ratio was 1 : 3-4. The prevalence of PVT in the database, clinical, laboratory, instrumental parameters of the groups were evaluated. Logistic regression model was used to estimate association between variables and PVT.

Results. The overall prevalence of PVT was 6.2% with the highest rates among the patients with HBV infection 16.7%, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis 15.6%, alcohol abuse in combination with HCV infection 11.7%. The best predictive model included variables: Child-Pugh classes B-C (coefficient of regression b=1.853, р=0.001), ascites (b=0.460, р=0.003), hepatocellular carcinoma without vascular invasion (b=2.126, р=0.0001), endoscopic band ligation (b=0.774, р=0.003), transabdominal esophagogastric devascularization procedure (b=2.734, р=0.001), portal hypertensive gastropathy (b=0.793, р=0.017), portal vein diameter (b=0.203, р=0.004), and local factors ulcerative colitis flare, Clostridium difficile enterocolitis, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, colorectal cancer, splenectomy, cholecystectomy (b=2.075, р=0.017). The model had accuracy 85.8% (95% CI 81.7-89.4%), sensitivity 55.1% (95% CI 43.4-66.4%), specificity 95% (95% CI 91.6-97.3%), and AUC 0.871 (95% CI 0.826-0.916).

Conclusion. Child-Pugh classes B-C, severe portal hypertension, hepatocellular carcinoma without vascular invasion, and local factors were estimated as risk factors of PVT in cirrhotic patients.
The use of Tofacitinib in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Nasonov E L , Abdulganieva D I , Fairushina I F
Published: March 2019

Major advances in pharmacology of the 21st century include the development of a new class of drugs, which are low-molecular, chemically synthesized molecules (the so-called "small molecules"), the point of application of which is Janus kinase (Janus kinase, JAK) involved in intracellular cytokine signaling. The review examines the molecular aspects of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, justifying the use of the JAK-kinase inhibitor (tofacitinib) in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
Endothelial dysfunction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in combination with coronary heart disease
Authors: Karoli N A , Rebrov A P
Published: March 2019

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality. Endothelial dysfunction may underpin this association. Vascular endothelial dysfunction is known to be an important prognostic marker for cardiovascular events. The aim of this study was to evaluate the state of the vascular wall in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) combined with chronic coronary artery disease (CAD). Materials and methods. The study included 108 patients: 37 patients with COPD and CAD and 71 patients with COPD without CAD. Endothelial function was studied in tests with reactive hyperemia and nitroglycerin. The number of blood plasma desquamated endotheliocytes were determined by the Hladovec method. In patients with COPD identified are signs of vascular wall remodeling: thickening wall of the brachial artery, reduction of the flow-mediated vasodilation. Patients with COPD in combination with CHD demonstrated higher impairments of the vasoregulatory dysfunction of endothelial of the vascular wall. Conclusion. In patients with COPD combined with chronic coronary heart disease more pronounced endothelial dysfunction with disturbance of endothelium-dependent vasomotor reactions.
Pneumoconiosises: modern view
Authors: Babanov S A , Strizhakov L A , Lebedeva M V , Fomin V V , Budash D S , Baikova A G
Published: March 2019

The article is devoted to the actual problem - dust diseases of the lungs. The peculiarities of occurrence and course of pulmonary lesions that have a significant place in the overall structure of occupational morbidity are considered. Modern approaches to treatment, diagnostics and prevention issues in pneumoconiosis are discussed.
Arterial hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: clinical characteristics and treatment efficasy (according to the national register of arterial hypertension)
Authors: Chazova I E , Lazareva N V , Oshchepkova E V
Published: March 2019

Arterial hypertension (AH) is one of the major factors, causing high level of population mortality in many countries, including Russia. Natural aging of population in the beginning of 20th century leads to medical and social issues; and frequent comorbidity is one of them. The occurrences of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are rather often among the population, especially among city dwellers and males. AH and COPD are frequent comorbid conditions; combination of these diseases contributes to high level of disability and poor prognosis. The objective of the research is studying of demographic and clinical profile as well as treatment effectiveness of patients with AH and COPD based on National Register of Arterial Hypertension. Methods and materials. Among the analyzed selection, consisted of 32 571 patients with AH, who were followed up in the primary medical care, at the average age of 64±7 years old (there were 64% women of them), 5.4% patients with AH had COPD. The analysis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases frequency as well as treatment effectiveness was made. Results. According to National Register of Arterial Hypertension, cardiovascular [coronary heart disease, Q myocardial infarction, chronic heart failure (CHF), peripheral artery atherosclerosis] and cerebrovascular (stroke/transitory ischemic attack) diseases are accurately more often diagnosed at patients with AH and COPD. Conclusion. Male sex and age are the strongest independent factor, contributing into the risk of development of cardiovascular diseases at these patients. COPD considerably increases the risk of CHF development. The conducted analysis has shown that treatment, prescribed to patients with AH and COPD meets modern recommendations.
High altitude pulmonary edema misdiagnosed as pneumonia
Authors: Sarybaev A Sh , Maripov A M , Muratali-Uulu K , Cholponbaeva M B , Kushubakova N A , Sydykov A S
Published: March 2019

High altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a relatively rare form of high altitude illness. However, without immediate treatment, HAPE is fatal. Furthermore, HAPE is characterized by non-specific signs and symptoms, and many clinical conditions may mimic it. In the present article, we report a case of HAPE misdiagnosed as pneumonia. We also discuss the issues of prevention and early treatment options in this illness.
Expert Council resolution on pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) "Changing the paradigm of treating patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension"
Authors: Chazova I E , Martynyuk T V
Published: March 2019

On behalf of the team of co-authors
Local cytokine therapy in a comprehensive treatment of HPV-associated cervical diseases
Authors: Abakarova Patimat R , Prilepskaya Vera N , Mezhevitinova Elena A , Donnikov Andrei E
Published: March 2019

Aim. To analyze an efficacy of monotherapy and combined therapy (an immunomodulator + radio wave ablation) in patients with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (L-SIL) caused by HPV infection. Materials and methods. The study included 210 women with human papillomavirus infection which was identified using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). All women underwent a comprehensive examination which included history taking, general and gynecological examinations, extended colposcopy and a bacterioscopy of Gram-stained vaginal smears. A quantitative determination of vaginal microflora composition by PCR was carried out. Conclusion on either inflammatory response is present or absent was made on the basis of an inflammation index magnitude: with a value of more than 60% indicating a presence of local inflammation signs. Based on cervical cytology data a group consisting of 79 women who had L-SIL was formed. Patients were divided into 2 subgroups: the main one (n=45) who received combined treatment with radio wave ablation + an immunomodulator and a control one (n=34) who received only local monodestruction of L-SIL foci followed etiotropic treatment. Results and discussion. An efficacy of combined treatment which included radio wave ablation + an immunomodulator was higher compared to monodestruction only - 86.7% vs 64,7% respectively. It is important that by 6th month of follow-up a relapse of human papillomavirus infection occurred in 4.5 and 23.5% of patients of main and control groups respectively. Local inflammation was assessed as positive with an inflammation index of more than 60%. So after 6 months of follow-up this indicator decreased by 83.3 and 54.2% in the 1st and 2nd groups respectively. Clinical manifestations of an inflammatory process in the cervix was observed only with CIN recurrence. In addition, combined therapy provides a higher rate of human papillomavirus elimination at 6 months and faster cervix epithelization followed treatment by ablation.
Hormonal contraception in women of reproductive age: endocrinological aspects
Authors: Ovsyannikova Tamara V , Kulikov Ilya A
Published: March 2019

Relevance. Woman’s late reproductive age is a period of complex hormonal adjustment, a preparation for menopause onset. Despite a decline in a reproductive potential and accumulation of gynecological and extragenital diseases in this population a gynecologist has to deal with their contraception as well as a treatment of menstrual disorders and a prevention of hyperplastic processes in the genitals. A search for safe and reliable drugs to solve these problems is extremely important in women of late reproductive period. Aim. Based on date of modern clinical and scientific research a relevance of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) for a safe and reliable contraception as well as for some gynecological diseases treatment and female genital organs hyperplastic and neoplastic diseases prevention was determined. Materials and methods. To write this review a search for domestic and foreign publications in Russian and international search systems (PubMed, eLibrary, etc.) for the last 10 years was conducted. The review includes articles from peer-reviewed literature, data of domestic and foreign clinical guidelines on contraceptive issues and Cochrane Library reviews. Results. Use administration of microdose COCs in the late reproductive period, when taking into account criteria for their acceptability, provides reliable contraception. Based on Cochrane database systematic reviews (2011-2018) reliable data on COCs non-contraceptive therapeutic and prophylactic properties at menstrual cycle disorders, endometriosis, hyperandrogenemia, premenstrual syndrome and polycystic ovary syndrome are presented. Conclusion. A choice of COC containing ethinyl estradiol 20 µg and gestodene (progestogen III generation) 75 µg, given contraindications and current observation, is a rational, effective and safe. This provides effective family planning and maintenance of reproductive health of women of late and perimenopausal age due to its wide therapeutic and prophylactic properties given woman's body features.