bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Property Study of Modified Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Containing Eu(III)
Authors: Tao Xiang Dong , Zhan Ran , Duan Qian
Published: May 2011

Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(PNIPAM) with terminal aromatic groups were synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), using N-isopropylacrylamide as monomer and phenyl 2-chloropropionate, (4’-phenyl)phenyl 2-chloropropionate and (2’,6’-diphenyl)phenyl 2-chloropropionate as initators. Then novel functional complexes of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and Eu(III) (PNIPAM-Eu(III)) with thermosensitive and fluorescent properties were synthesized and characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and fluorescence spectroscopy. Eu(III) was bonded to nitrogen and oxygen atoms in the polymer chain of PNIPAM and formed the complexes of PNIPAM-Eu(III). The lower critical solution temperatures (LCSTs) of PNIPAM-Eu(III) were slightly greater compared with that of PNIPAM. Europium(III) complexes had excellent fluorescence performance, the fluorescence spectrum present characteristic emission of Europium(III) at 613 nm.
Preparation and Properties of Amino Acid Chelating Resin from the Waste Plastic of Polystyrene
Authors: Zhang Guang Hua , Dong Wei Xin , Zhu Jun Feng
Published: May 2011

Waste polystyrene plastic as raw material was reacted with chlorine methyl polystyrene, then reacted again with the iminodiacetic acid, an environment-protecting amino acid type chelating resin was prepared. The structure of resin was characterized by IR and thermal analysis represents. The adsorption capacity of resin was measured by Atomic Absorption Spectrometer. The results showed that the resin could adsorpt Cr3+, Pb2+ well. The mechanism of adsorption conforms to Langmuir. Moreover, it can achieve adsorption balance within 30min, the adsorption quantity respectively reached 2.17 mmol/g and 2.11mmol/g at 318K.
Preparation, Characterization and Photocatalytic Properties of Cu, P-codoped TiO2 Nanoparticles
Authors: Xu Mei Ru , Ni Gang , Zhao Fang
Published: May 2011

A novel copper and phosphorus codoped TiO2 photocatalyst was synthesized by modified sol–gel method using tetrabutyl titanate, Cu(NO3)2 and H3PO4 as precursors. The samples were characterized by XRD, TEM, TGA, EDX. The TGA indicated the calcination temperature is 450°C. The XRD results showed undoped and Cu, P-codoped TiO2 nanoparticles only include anatase phase, and the temperture of crystalline phase transform for Cu, P codeped TiO2 had changed compared with undoped. The TEM analysis revealed the doping of Cu and P suppressed the growth of TiO2 grains. The photocatalytic activity of samples was tested for degradation of 20 mg·L−1 methyl orange (MO) solutions. The results showed photocatalytic activity of the catalysts with 0.5% Cu, 0.375% P-codoped TiO2 was higher than pure TiO2 under ultraviolet (UV).
Preparation of Super Absorbent Polymer by Carboxymethyl Cellulose Grafting Acrylic Acid Using Low-Temperature Plasma Treatment
Authors: Huang Li Jie , Xu Ting , Wang Hong Tao , Wang Shuang Fei
Published: May 2011

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) made from bagasse pulp was treated by low-temperature plasma, then reacted grafting polymerization with acrylic acid (AA) to produce super absorbent polymer. The effects of discharge power, plasma treatment time, initiator dosage, acrylic acid dosage, vacuum degree and neutralization ratio on water absorbency and grafting reaction time of the products were studied by single factor experiments. The best process parameters: discharge power = 250 W; plasma treatment time = 90s; m (K2S2O8) : m (CMC) (W/W) = 7:20; m (AA) : m (CMC) (W/W) = (1:9) ~ (1:8); vacuum degree = 300 Pa; neutralization degree = 40%, in which the distilled water absorbency of the product reached its maximum of 509 g/g and the grafting reaction time approached its minimum of 2min. This process has the advantages of simple operation, easy control, high grafting efficiency, short production cycle, low cost and so on, which meet the industrial production requirements of super absorbent polymer.
Analysis of Cylindroid Shell Subject to Internal Linearly-Increased Pressure
Authors: Wang Zan Zhi , Jiang Lin Yan
Published: May 2011

Close cylindroid shells are widely used in many industrial branches. Membrane theory of shells is used to take an analytical solution to investigate the internal force distributions and deformation laws of such shells. The result shows that, under the condition of two-point simple supports, among three force components(meridional force T1, circumferential force T2, and shear force T12), T1 is the dominant one, which is negative (compressional) in the vicinity of the neutral axis, and becomes positive (tensional) after being away from the neutral axis. The shear force T12 is rather like a sine curve, which changes its sign at the neutral axis. This type of shear force distribution leads to a warp deformation within the cylinder. T2 is always the tensional force, and when comparing to the other two components, it is too small to be dominant in shell designing. Somewhat similar to the three force components, among the three deformation components, the normal displacement w is the extreme one, and also it varies acutely. The circumferential displacement v is much less than w, which is compressive below the neutral axis, and becomes tensile above the neutral axis. In the nearby of neutral axis, v is nearly zero. Compared to w and v, the meridional displacement u is always the minimal.
Prediction of Tensile Modulus of 3D Four-Directional Braided Composites with Transverse Cracks
Authors: Guo Ying , Wu Lin Zhi , Yang Yin Huan , Zhou Zhen Gong , Zeng Tao
Published: May 2011

To a laminate model of 3D four-directional braided composites with periodic transverse cracks, a new normal stress function in weave direction is present. In this function, variations of stress with x and y are considered. By using the principle of minimum complementary energy, stress components in the representative unit are obtained. Tensile modulus of 3D four-directional braided composites with periodic transverse cracks is calculated by utilizing Hashin’s average theory and the principle of minimum complementary energy. To demonstrate the solution, some examples are analyzed.
Transparent Aquabeads To Visualize Flow In Porous Material
Authors: Tabe Kazunori , Iskander Magued , Honma Shigeo
Published: May 2011

Use of transparent synthetic soils to visualize flow problems has recently been developed with an optical system and digital image processing. This paper proposes a new water-based transparent material called Aquabeads suitable for modeling natural soils. As feasibility of using Aquabeads to visualize geoenvironmental problems, surfactant flushing tests were conducted to simulate Light Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid (LNAPL) ganglia transport through Aquabeads model with clay lens was performed. The upward migration of motor oil ganglia during surfactant flushing was visualized. Aquabeads possess advantages over available transparent synthetic soils ; water-based material, similar macroscopic hydraulic characteristics to natural soils, compatible with water- oil- selected surfactants-alcohols used for simulating multiphase flow. Therefore, it is ideal for visualizing 2D flow, and soil contamination problems.
Preparation and Properties of Epoxy Matrix for Composite Cable Core
Authors: Li Xian Fu , Chen Lai , Zeng Ting Ting , Zhang Jia Bao , Bai Rui Cheng , Sun Jin Liang , Zhou Ze , Wang Chuan Bin
Published: May 2011

According to the requirements of aluminum conductor composite cores, a kind of resin system was developed with TGDDM as main body, and self-made flexible epoxy SUC-1 as auxiliary, plus methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride as curing agent. The gel rate of the system was high enough to meet the demands of pultrusion technique. The heat deformation temperature of cured sample reached 194°C, and the tensile strength achieved 62.95Mpa. The elongation at break matched that of carbon fibers. The interfacial bonding between the matrix and the fibers, observed by scanning electron microscope, was tight without debonding phenomenon.
Synthesis, Characterization and Photophysical Properties of Rhenium(I) Complexes Containing 4,5-Diazafluorene Ligan
Authors: Wang Jie Xiu , Zhao Feng
Published: May 2011

Two related tricarbonyl rhenium complexes with the formula of [Re(CO)3(L)Cl], where L=4,5-diazafluoren-9-one (Dafo-Re) and 9-(phenylamino)-4,5-diazafluoren (PADF-Re) were successfully synthesized with the aim to explore the effect of the geometry of Dafo on Rhenium(I) coordination, and characterized by 1H NMR. Photophysical behaviors are investigated by UV–vis absorption and Fluorescence spectra. The two complexes Dafo-Re and PADF-Re show metal-to-ligand charge transfer absorptions at ca.391nm, ca.394 nm and emissions at ca.492nm, ca.470nm, respectively.
Low Temperature Method for Enhancing Ferroelectric Thin Films in Non-Volatile Random Access Memory Devices
Authors: Kuan Ming Chang , Chen Kai Huang , Tzou Wen Cheng , Cheng Chien Min , Lin Yi Jun
Published: May 2011

In this study, the electrical properties of as-deposited Sr0.4Ba0.6Nb2O6 (SBN) ferroelectric thin films on SiO2/Si(100) substrates were improved by low temperature supercritical carbon dioxide fluid (SCF) process treatment. The as-deposited SBN ferroelectric thin films were treated by SCF process which mixed with pure H2O and propyl alcohol. After SCF process treatment, the memory windows increased in C-V curves, and the passivation of oxygen vacancy and defect in leakage current density curves were obtained. In addition, the improvement properties of as-deposited SBN thin films after SCF process treatment were found by XPS, C-V, and J-E measurement. Finally, the mechanism concerning the dependence of electrical properties of the SBN ferroelectric thin films on the SCF process was discussed.
Fundamental Studies on Wood-Plastic Composites: Effects of Cellulase Treatment on Hybrid Pennisetum Powder
Authors: Mu Jun , Feng Yong Shun , Zhang De Rong , Wang Zhi Li , Wang Hong Bin
Published: May 2011

Studies on interfacial compatibility of wood plastic composites(WPCs) have received considerable attention in recent years. The effects on the surface modification by cellulase treatment and the mechanical properties of prepared WPCs were investigated in this study. X-ray diffraction(XRD) results show that the relative crystallinity(RC) of Hybrid Pennisetum(HP) could be significantly changed by the cellulase treatment. The RC of HP powders mainly goes through a phase that it first increases and then decreases by the treatment of cellulase. Five groups of different cellulase dosage and different treatment time were selected to do the mechanical and DMA tests. With proper dosage of cellulase and treatment time, the mechanical properties of WPCs could be improved. Finally, in the case of HP powder/cellulase of 4/1 and treatment time for 2 hours, WPCs show the best performance.
Synthesis and Property of a New Symmetry Diarylethene Bearing Benzene
Authors: Liu Shao Qian , Chen Bing
Published: May 2011

A new diarylethene of 4-bromo-1-phenylethynylphene was synthesized. It is a kind of conjugated organic molecular that simulated the structural features of left-handed material. The compound turns out to be a single-crystal. Its properties, including X-ray single-crystal diffraction analysis and optical property were investigated in detail.
Use CO2 Soluble Surfactant to Decrease the Minimum Miscibility Pressure of CO2 Flooding in Oil Reservoir
Authors: Chen Fu , He Jie , Guo Ping , Xu Yuan , Zhong Cheng
Published: May 2011

According to the mechanisms of carbon dioxide miscible flooding and previous researchers’ work on synthesis of CO2-soluble surfactant, Citric acid isoamyl ester was synthesized, and it’s oil solubility and the rate of viscosity reduction both in oil-water system and oil were evaluated. And then we found that this compound can solve in oil effectively; the optimum mass of Citric acid isoamyl ester introduced in oil-water system is 0.12g when the mass ratio of oil and water is 7:3 (crude oil 23.4g, formation water 10g) and the experimental temperature is 50°C , the rate of viscosity reduction is 47.2%; during the evaluation of the ability of Citric acid isoamyl ester to decrease oil viscosity, we found that the optimum dosage of this compound in 20g crude oil is 0.2g when the temperature is 40°C, and the rate of viscosity reduction is 7.37% at this point.
Acylchloride-Functionalized Multiple-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Reinforced Polyimide for High Dielectric Properties
Authors: Li Heng Feng , He Guo Wen , Li Jun , Chen Jun , Chen Jiang Cong
Published: May 2011

A series of polyimide composites with various mass fractions of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were prepared by in situ polymerization. MWNTs were treated with an acid mixture and sulfoxide chloride in turn to increase the chemical compatibility of carbon nanotubes with the polyimide matrix. The modified MWNTs are dispersed homogeneously in the matrix while the structure of the PI and MWNTs structures are stable in the preparation process. The composite films hold preferable thermal stability as same as the pure PI. The dielectric constants of the composites decreased with the increasing frequency and increase sharply with the adding of MWNTs.
Study on the Preparation Processing of New Functional Materials Dielectric Elastomer - E-ACE
Authors: Zhu Xi Lin , E Shi Ju , Hui An Feng , Yu Yong
Published: May 2011

Study on the preparation processing of E-ACE.By experimental methods, the conductivity, the mechanical flexibility of the electrode material and the thickness of the acrylic polymers were studied respectively. Experimental results show that the conductivity of electrode material have an impact on the performance of E-ACE, E-ACE performance is enhanced with the increasing of conductivity of the electrode material. Mechanical flexibility of Electrode materials and thickness of acrylic polymer have significantly impact on the performance of E-ACE, E-ACE performance is enhanced with the decreasing of mechanical flexibility of electrode material, and E-ACE performance is also enhanced with the decreasing of the thickness of acrylic polymers.
Preparation of Sn4+ -Doped TiO2 and Investigation of its Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Jiang Cheng Zhi , Dou Ya Li
Published: May 2011

TiO2 and Sn4+-doped TiO2 were prepared by sol-gel method and characterized by the techniques such as XRD, SEM and DRS. The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) in aqueous solution was used as a probe reaction to evaluate their photocatalytic activity. The matrix distortion of TiO2 increases after Sn4+ doping and a blue-shift of the absorption profile are clearly observed. The results show that doped Sn4+ inhibits the phase transformation of TiO2 from anatase to rutile, decreases the diameter of TiO2 and significantly enhance the photocatalytic activity of TiO2. The Sn4+-doped into TiO2 exert a synergistic effect on their photocatalytic activity.
Micron Sized Polyurethane Shape-Memory Polymer Beads
Authors: Zhao Yong , Huang Weimin
Published: May 2011

We demonstrate a novel approach to produce micron sized shape-memory beads from polyurethane shape-memory polymer (SMP)-dimethylformamide (DMF) solution by joule heating carbon fibers. The relationship between the geometrical dimensions of the resultant SMP beads and processing condition is obtained, which shows the convenience in dimension/size control in fabrication. The fabrication mechanism is revealed and good shape-memory effect is proved.
Effect of Interconnectivity of Nickel on Electrical and Thermal Properties of Alumina-Ni Interpenetrating Phase Composite
Authors: Shahid Rub Nawaz , Hasan Bin Awais , Ali Fahad , Tariq Naeem Ul Haq
Published: May 2011

In this work percolation range for Al2O3-Ni interpenetrating phase composite (IPC) was studied to find the optimal combination of electrical conductivity and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). The impedance spectroscopy and scanning electron spectroscopy were used to study the percolation limit.
Rational Construction of Polymeric Mercuric(II) Imidazole with High Anion Exchange Capacity
Authors: Xiao Bo , Li Qian Qian , Yang Li Jun , Fang Shao Ming
Published: May 2011

New 1-D zigzag chain coordination polymer {[HgBr2(pbbm)].DMF}n (1) has been successfully constructed with the aim of exploiting new and potent ion-exchange materials. Remarkably, the coordinated Br- anions in the title polymer can be replaced completely by F-, Cl- and I- anions when the crystals are immersed in the aqueous solutions of the corresponding potassium salts, respectively. This exchange is quantified by FT-IR spectra, the PXRD pattern as well as EDS analyses.
Silane Treatment Technology on Aluminum Surface
Authors: Zhang Xiao Qin , Yue Wei , You Yu Ping , Luo Shun
Published: May 2011

Silane surface technology have been rapidly developed in the field of anti-corrosion of metals as one of the “green” replacements for conventional chromizing. The article introduced the corrosion prevention mechanism of silane treatment; factors affecting performance of the silane film(including silane categories, the concentration and pH of the silane solution, and deposition methods); modified technologies(such as loading nanoparticles, doping corrosion inhibitor and adding suitable dyes and colorants); analytical and characterization techniques of the silanizing film. The shortage that existed currently in silane treatment is also discussed. All above are aimed to promote the research of environmental friendly surface passivation technology on aluminum alloy.
Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotubes Reinforced Alumina Ceramic Composite
Authors: Wu Xi Wang , Xiao Jian Zhong , Xia Feng , Hu Yong Gang , Peng Zhou
Published: May 2011

How to uniformly disperse carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and densely sinter green body are the key issues to prepare carbon nanotubes reinforced alumina (Al2O3) composite. We prepare CNTs-Al2O3 powder by shearing extruding dispersion method, and then obtain CNTs-Al2O3 composite by hydrogen atmosphere pressureless sintering. 93% of the relative increased fracture toughness can be achieved, when the CNTs content of composite is 1%. Because of Absorbing energy by pulling CNTs out from alumina matrix and refining grain by CNTs bundles sitting along alumina grain, the fracture toughness is improved obviously. By XRD and SEM analysis, the residual tensile stress which is caused by embedding CNTs into alumina matrix also plays an important role for the increase of fracture toughness.
Characterization of Cr-Ni-ZrO2 Composite Coatings Electrodeposited from Cr(III) Plating Bath
Authors: He Xiang Zhu , Zhou Xin Li , Zhang Xiao Wei , Sun Xin
Published: May 2011

New Cr-Ni-ZrO2 composite coatings are prepared by composite electrodeposition. The morphology, composition and corrosion resistance of as-deposited Cr-Ni-ZrO2 coatings are systematically characterized by means of SEM, EDS. The hardness of as deposited and annealed Cr-Ni-ZrO2 coatings are also discussed. The electrochemical corrosion tests are conducted by means of Tafel plots. Results of SEM and EDS show that Cr-Ni-ZrO2 composite coatings with homogeneous and crack-free morphology have been prepared successfully; the mass proportion of Zr in the as-deposited coatings is up to 7.85%. The hardness values of Cr-Ni-ZrO2 coatings are higher than that of Cr-Ni alloy coatings. Furthermore, the hardness values increase and then decrease with the temperature increasing when annealed. Analysis of Tafel plots demonstrates that Cr-Ni-ZrO2 coatings have much better corrosion resistance than that of Cr-Ni coatings.
Preparation TiO2 Thin Films Using Freeze Drying Technique
Authors: Wang Hai Bo , Zhang Xiang Chao , Chen Li
Published: May 2011

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin film has been successfully synthesized deposited on glass substrates by the sol–gel dip-coating method using freeze drying technique. The precursor and TiO2 film were characterized using thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetric (TG-DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis technology. The preparation of the precursor sols and TiO2 film were described in detail. The XRD result demonstrates that the TiO2 film is well crystallized and consists of anatase phase only with (101) plane. The morphology of the nanoparticles of TiO2 thin film is spherical shape with grain size of 30.1 nm in average diameter and the surface of the TiO2 film is smooth. The freeze drying technique offers a novel process route in treating thin film for commercial applications
Transparent Conductive Cu-In-O Thin Films Deposited by Reactive DC Magnetron Sputtering with Different Targets
Authors: Ye Fan , Cai Xing Min , Dai Fu Ping , Zhang Dong Ping , Fan Ping , Liu Li Jun
Published: May 2011

Transparent conductive Cu-In-O thin films were deposited by reactive DC magnetron sputtering. Two types of targets were used. The first was In target covered with a fan-shaped Cu plate of the same radius and the second was Cu target on which six In grains of 1.5mm was placed with equal distance between each other. The samples were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV/VIS spectrophotometer, four-probe measurement etc. SEM shows that the surfaces of all the samples are very smooth. EDX shows that the samples contain Cu, In as well as O, and different targets result in different atomic ratios of Cu to In. A diffraction peak related to rhombohedra-centered In2O3 (012) is observed in the XRD spectra of all the samples. For both the two targets, the transmittance decreases with the increase of O2 flow rates. The direct optical band gap of all the samples is also estimated according to the transmittance curve. For both the two targets, different O2 flow rates result in different sheet resistances and conductivities. The target of Cu on In shows more controllability in the composition and properties of Cu-In-O films.
Preparation of Cu-Cr-Zr/AlN Nanocomposites and their Mechanical and Conductive Properties
Authors: Qin Yong Qiang , Wu Yu Cheng , Wang Yan , Hong Yu , Deng Jing Quan , Chen Xiao Li , Wang Wen Fang , Huang Xin Min
Published: May 2011

Copper and copper alloys had various applications in tremendous areas due to their unique properties, such as good conductivity, good thermal conductivity and so on. However, applications of copper and copper alloys were severely restricted as the result of the limited strength at room temperature and poor wear-resistance at high temperature. In this paper, we investigated the preparation of Cu-Cr-Zr/AlN nanocomposites by mechanical alloying process and then powder metallurgy technology. XRD and SEM were performed for the phase and morphology characterization. The conductivity properties were also tested and the results showed that Cu-Cr-Zr/AlN nanocomposites exhibited excellent conductivity behavior.
The Syntheses and Mark-Houwink Empirical Formula of Polysiloxanes Containing Cyanoethyl Groups as Side Substituents
Authors: Guan Rui Fang , Wang Jian Rong , Dong Yu Rong
Published: May 2011

Polysiloxanes containing cyanoethyl groups (PDMS-CN) is a useful functional polysiloxanes. In this paper a new method was employed to prepare the polysiloxane with various number average molecular weight (Mn) and cyanoethyl groups. Mns of PDMS-CN were determined by GPC and the relationships between the instrinsic viscosity ([η]) and Mn of PDMS-CN were given. The contents of cyanoethyl groups were determined by FT-IR and 1H NMR.
Deformation Mechanism of Diamond Nanocutting Single-Crystal Copper Using Molecular Dynamics Simulatio
Authors: Chen Jia Xuan , Liang Ying Chun , Yu Xia , Wang Zhi Guo , Tong Zhen
Published: May 2011

To study the removal mechanism of materials during nano cutting, molecular dynamics method is adopted to simulate single crystal copper nanomachining processes, and subsurface defects evolvements and chip forming regulation are analyzed by revised centro-symmetry parameter method and the ratios of the tangential cutting forceand the normal cutting force. The results show that there are different defects under different cutting depths. When cutting depths is shallower, there are dislocation loop nucleation in the subsurface of the workpiece beneath the tool; however, when the cutting depths is deeper, there are dislocations nucleation and slipping along {101} plane and (111) plane. In addition, both tangential cutting forceand the normal cutting force decrease as the cutting depths decreasing. When the ratios of the normal cutting force and the tangential cutting force is below 0.9, the chip will be formed.
Influence of the Pore Structure on the Reaction Characteristics of the Gas Sensitive Porous Medium
Authors: Li Ming Chun , Song Ying Tao , Wu Yu Sheng
Published: May 2011

Taken the pore structure effects into account, a mathematical model to describe the interaction of mass transfers, the chemical reaction and the pore structure in the gas sensitive porous medium is presented and solved. The properties of the mass transfers and the reaction characteristics of the gas-sensitive porous system are analyzed. The effects of pore size distribution and porosity on the concentration field of detected gas and the effective utilization degree of the porous matrix are provided. The results indicate that the Thiele number, which can reflect the relative magnitude of chemical reaction rate and gas diffusion velocity in nature, is the main basis for judging the effects of various parameters. It usefully reproduces the observed effects of pore structure and reaction temperature on diffusion and chemical reaction response, showing that the gas sensitivity and the effective utilization coefficient of the gas sensitive porous medium can be controlled by adjusting key parameters.
Only Formation of ZrAl3 Phase Obtained by Self-Propagating Reaction from Zr-Al Elemental Powders
Authors: Song Mou Sheng , Ran Mao Wu
Published: May 2011

In this paper, the problem of ZrAl3 compound obtained by self-propagating reaction as the only and favorable formation phase was considered. It shows that the ZrAl3 phase could be synthesized by self-propagating reaction in Zr-Al system and was especially identified as the only phase by XRD, which was further confirmed by DTA. Using the theories of structural lattice of ZrAl3, Modified Effective Heat of Formation (MEHF) model, coupled with the First Nucleation Rule (FNR), the only formation of ZrAl3 phase in Zr-Al system could be reasonably interpreted.
Experimental Study on the Crystallinity and Mechanical Properties of the Injection Molded Polypropylene
Authors: Zhang Xiao Xun , Wang Luo , Liao Qiu Hui
Published: May 2011

Polypropylene specimens were made by the injection molding experiments under different processing conditions. The crystallinity of each polypropylene specimen was obtained using the X-ray diffraction method. The effects of the injection molding processes on the crystallinity of polypropylene were revealed: (1) the crystallinity decreases as the melt temperature increases, and the higher the melt temperature, the slower the crystallinity decreases, (2) the crystallinity decreases as the mould temperature increases, and the higher the mould temperature, the faster the crystallinity decreases, (3) the crystallinity increases as the injection speed increases, and the larger the injection speed, the faster the crystallinity increases. By the tensile experiments of the injection molded specimens, it is also found that the crystallinity has a major impact on the mechanical properties of polypropylene. The yield strength and tensile strength of polypropylene specimens increase as the crystallinity increases.
Nitroso-R-Salt in Aqueous Solutions for Redox Flow Battery Application
Authors: Xie Zhi Peng , Xiong Feng Jiao , Zhou De Bi
Published: May 2011

The electrochemical behavior of Nitroso-R-salt (NRS) in aqueous solutions and the influence of pH are investigated. In alkaline solution, the electrode reaction of NRS exhibits stagnant electrode kinetics. With rising acid concentration, it exhibits more and more fast electrode kinetics and a diffusion-controlled process. Thus, acidic aqueous solutions are favorable for the NRS as active species of a redox flow battery (RFB). Average coulombic and energy efficiencies of the NRS/Zn RFB are 93.2 and 80.6%, respectively, showing that self-discharge is small. The preliminary exploration shows that the NRS is electrochemically promising for RFB application.
Study on the Chemical Modification of Titanium-Doped Silicone Using Hydroxyl-Terminated Saturated Polyester
Authors: Hao Zhi Feng , Wang Xue Mei , Hou Hong Xia , Wu Ya Hong , Li Hua Gong , Yu Jian
Published: May 2011

In this paper, a kind of titanium-doped silicone prepolymer(TDS) was modified by hydroxyl-terminated saturated polyester (HTSP) by condensation polymerization. By Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) the reaction of ethoxy groups of the TDS prepolymer with hydroxyl groups of the HTSP during condensation polymerization process was conﬁrmed. The resins were cured with blocked polymeric isocyanate. The inﬂuence of the HTSP content on the properties of the modified resins such as thermal stability, corrosion resistance, as well as mechanical and other properties, were discussed in detail. The results showed that the properties of the resins were improved greatly after modification, and the optimal mass ratio of TDS to HTSP in the modified resins was 1:1. Thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) studies indicated that the weight loss of this sample（wTDS : wHTSP =1:1） was not obviously below 400°Cand the impedance value of this coating was significantly higher than that of the others.
Effect of KCl on Crystal Morphology of Electrodepisited Cu2O Thin Films
Authors: Yu Xiao Jiao , Li Xin Ming , Yang Qian
Published: May 2011

Different morphology of Cu2O crystals were fabricated by electrochemical deposition using ITO and ITO/nano-TiO2 as working electrode. The effect of different KCl concentrations on the microstructure and surface morphology of Cu2O thin films were studied and the morphology controlled mechanism was also discussed. When the concentration of KCl was 7mmol/L, the shape of Cu2O crystals evolved from dentrite to similar cube on the ITO matrix. When the concentration of KCl was 5mmol/L, the shape of Cu2O crystals evolves from regular octahedron ({111} preferred orientation) to truncated cube ({100} preferred orientation) on the ITO/nano-TiO2 matrix. The results also indicate that the substrates played a key role in the particle size control.
Tetra-(N-Phenylpyrazole)-Porphyrin/β-Cyclodextrin Incorporated CNT Film Modified Hemoglobin Sensor
Authors: He Jing Lin , Zou Wei , Wang Jun Xia , Zeng Li Hong , Cao Zhong , Luo Dong Mei
Published: May 2011

An electrochemical sensor modified with tetra-(N-phenylpyrazole)-porphyrin/b- cyclodextrin/carbon nanotube (TPPyPh/b-CD/CNT) film was fabricated for determination of hemoglobin (Hb) in this paper. The electrochemical behavior of the proposed sensor was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV). TPPyPh has been shown preferably for the fabrication of electrochemical sensor. The peak currents decreased significantly with the increase of the Hb concentration in solution. The response mechanism of TPPyPh/b-CD/CNT film for Hb was suggested to be based on the coordinated interaction between Hb and TPPyPh. It showed excellent selectivity for the determination of Hb in PBS.
Annealing Effects on Structural and Magnetic Properties of Al doped ZnO Thin Films
Authors: Qi Yun Kai , Gu Jian Jun , Liu Li Hu , Sun Hui Yuan
Published: May 2011

Al doped ZnO films have been prepared by dc magnetron sputtering. These films were annealed in different atmosphere and temperature. The crystal structures were analyzed by x-ray diffraction (XRD), and the magnetic properties were measured by a Physical Properties Measurement System (PPMS) with the magnetic field paralleled to the films plane. The results show the microstructure and magnetic properties were influenced by annealing atmosphere. Compared to the films annealed in vacuum, the films annealed in air shows obvious room temperature ferromagnetism, the magnetic moment increases about an order of magnitude. The room temperature ferromagnetism may be associated with a charge transfer between Al and Zn and the variational position of Al in ZnO films in different annealing ambience.
Synthesis of Fe 3+-Dopped PANI Conductive Nanomaterials via Interfacial Polymerization
Authors: Mu Hong Mei , Fei Peng , Su Bi Tao , Lei Zi Qiang
Published: May 2011

A series of Fe3+-dopped polyaniline (Fe3+/PANI) nanomaterials with different morphologies and a higher conductivity were successfully synthesized using a simple and static interfacial polymerization by using FeCl3 as both oxidant catalyst and dopant. The effect of surfactants CTAB and SDS and the concentration of FeCl3 on the morphology and conductivity of Fe3+/PANI nanomaterial were investigated. The samples were characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), SDY-4 probes conductivity meter, X-ray Diffractometry (XRD), Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy techniques. TEM’s results showed that their morphologies changed with the type of the surfactant and the concentration of FeCl3. Introducing surfactants CTAB and SDS into Fe3+/PANI remarkably improved the conductivity of the material. The conductivities of CTAB/Fe3+/PANI and SDS /Fe3+/PANI nanomaterials were respectively about 4.8×10-2 and 1.3×10-2 S/cm while the conductivity of Fe3+/PANI was found to be 1.5×10-4 S/cm. The different morphology and high conductivity may be ascribed to the mutual effects of the surfactant and oxidant.
Application of Control Parameters Optimization of CNC Servo System Based on Self-Adaptive Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Dong Gui Rong , Zhao Peng Bing
Published: May 2011

In order to solve the shortcomings of current engineering methods for parameters adjustment that can only deal with them according to single requirement of system and can not optimize them in the whole range, as well as the standard genetic algorithm is prone to premature convergence, therefore, an improved PID parameters adjustment method based on self-adaptive genetic algorithm was proposed. This approach enables crossover and mutation probability automatically change along with the fitness value, not only can it maintain the population diversity, but also can ensure the convergence of the algorithm. A comparison of the dynamic response between the traditional PID control and the PID control based on self-adaptive genetic algorithm was made. Simulation results show that the latter has much superiority.
The Activate Processe of Ni-P Electroless Plating on the Surface of SiC Particles
Authors: Hou Jun Ying , Yang Di
Published: May 2011

The surface of SiC particles were modified by electroless plating. To avoid complicated activation and sensitization process before nickel-phosphorus chemical plating, a special process was adopted in experiment. After experiments, the metallographic structure was characterized by using SEM and EDS, respectively. The results show that SiC particles modified by Ni-P alloy are obtained after a simple and specific process of SiC particles activation.
Research on the Key Technologies of Intelligent Control for Cap-Shape Bending of Sheet Metal
Authors: Sun Hong Lei , Su Chun Jian , Zhai Rui Xue
Published: May 2011

The blueprint for an intelligent control system of cap-shape bending has been advanced in this paper using neural network technology, aiming at an accurate control of bending springback, the prominent problem during the forming process for the cap-shape bending of sheet metal. The feed-forward neural network of real-time identification for material performance parameters and the friction coefficient have been established. The neural network identifies the parameters for real-time needed material performance, which utilizes the measurability of the physical quantities, and predicts the parameters for optimum technology, so a satisfied accuracy of convergence has been achieved. The intelligent control experimentation system of cap-shape bending has been established, the validity of which has been tested for four kinds of materials. The result of the tests proves the feasibility of the blueprint of the intelligent control system.
A Novel Approach to Prepare Fluorinated Polyether Glycol Using Phase-Transfer Catalysts
Authors: Li Ying , Song Wei , Wang Xia
Published: May 2011

The goal of this work has been the synthesis of novel fluorine-containing glycidyl ether based on 3, 3, 2, 2-tetrafluoropropanol (TFP) and epichlorohydrin (ECH) as the starting materials under condition of TBAB (Tetrabutylammonium bromide) catalyst. Furthermore, a novel fluorinated polyether glycol was successfully produced by the above synthesized fluorine-containing glycidyl ether. The structure of the products was characterized by 1H-NMR and IR spectrum. The number average molecular weight was measured by GPC.
Novel Concept of Cleansing the Liquid Steel by the Fine In-Situ Phase due to the Composite Ball Explosion Reaction in RH Ladle
Authors: Li Zhen , Wang Xiao Feng , Lin Yang , Fei Peng
Published: May 2011

The production of high purity steel is a major task for the iron and steel enterprises in the 21st century. To improve the quality of steel products and produce the cleanness steel, the key technique is to control inclusions in the molten steel. In the present investigation, a novel fine inclusion removal technology due to the dispersed in-situ phase induced by the composite ball explosion reaction was put forward. A composite ball with this function has been designed and the industrial experimental investigation was also carried out. The results indicate that feeding composite ball in RH ladle is a novel technology and the inclusion in the molten steel can be removed effectively. Compared with conventional inclusion removal technology, the number of the oxide inclusion can be decreased to a lower level and the inclusion size becomes much finer. Using this novel technology, the total oxygen in the as-cast slab can approach to 6ppm. This novel technology can be achieved without special facility and be realized in most steelmaking plant.
Synthesis and Thermal Properties of a Boron-Containing Bisphenol-S Formaldehyde Resin
Authors: Gao Jun Gang , Wu Wei Hong , Li Xing
Published: May 2011

Boron-containing bisphenol-S formaldehyde resin (BBPSFR) was synthesized by formalin method. The structure and thermal properties of BBPSFR were characterized by 1H NMR, FTIR, torsional braid analysis (TBA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. The results showed that the borate had formed, and the six-member ring containing boron-oxygen coordinate structure also formed during the curing process. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of BBPSFR is higher 104°C than that of bisphenol-S formaldehyde resins (BPSFR); the initial degradation temperature (Ti ) increases about 43°C; thermal degradation rate decrease and thermal stability increase significantly.
Preparation of C/C-SiC Composite with Hydrogen-Containing Polysiloxane as Ceramic Precursor
Authors: Gao Meng Jiao , Chen Lai , Hua Yong Sheng , Zhang Jia Bao , Pan Jian Feng , Zhou Chun Jie , Ren Mu Su , Sun Jin Liang
Published: May 2011

This study focuses on the conditions of preparation of C/C-SiC composites through polymer infiltration and pyrolysis method using hydrogen-containing polysiloxane as the precursor and divinylbenzene as cross-linking agent. The densities of different C/C composites (ρ=1.02, 1.21, 1.60, 1.78g·cm-3) increased to 1.24, 1.36, 1.69, 1.84g·cm-3 respectively after infiltration and pyrolysis four times. The appropriate ratio of hydrogen-containing polysiloxane and divinylbenzene was 1/0.5. The appropriate cross-linking temperature was 250°C. In pyrolysis process, the appropriate increasing rate of pyrolysis temperature should be 50°C/h in the range of 300-800°C. SiC was formed when pyrolysis temperature reached 1550°C.The linear ablation rate and mass ablation rate of C/C-SiC composites were much lower than those of C/C composites.
The Preparation of Ni-Co-Fe/PU Magnetic Composite Membrane
Authors: Zhan Jian Chao
Published: May 2011

On the base of electroless plating on fabric, the Ni-Co-Fe was plated on the PU membrane of coated polyamide fabric and the respiratory electromagnetic shielding fabric was developed. The functionality and wear-ability of electromagnetic shielding fabric was tested and analyzed. The results showed that it has good electrical conductivity, water vapor permeability, electromagnetic shielding performance and durability and so on. With the weight increasing rate goes up, the shielding effectiveness, vapor permeability and electrical conductivity increases obviously, then prone to slow increment. The plated layer on fabric has an adverse effect on the wear performance and on the premise of meeting respiratory and electromagnetic shielding performance, the thickness of plated layer should be decreased to the least extend.
Effect of Sizing Agent on the Surface of Carbon Fiber and Interfacial Adhesion of Carbon Fiber/Vinyl Ester Resin Composite
Authors: Liu Jian Ye , Ge He Yi , Chen Juan , Liu Hua Shi
Published: May 2011

The vinyl ester resin sizing agents modified with epoxidized polybutadiene or epoxy terminated butadiene-acrylonitrile oligomer were prepared. The influence of the sizing agents on the performances of carbon fiber and its composite was studied. Surface topography of carbon fiber was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Fluffs and breakage, stiffness test were used to analyze the workability in later process of carbon fiber. The results indicated that the sizing agents had important influence to the carbon fiber and its composite. SEM images demonstrated that the sized carbon fiber had smooth surface. The sizing agent could significantly improve not only handling characteristics of carbon fiber due to the increase of fiber flexibility and reduction of fluffs and breakage, but also the interfacial adhesion of carbon fiber/vinyl ester resin composite.
Synthesis and Characterization of Ni(OH)2/Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Nanocomposites for Electrochemical Capacitors
Authors: Yu Zhan Jun , Dai Ying , Chen Wen
Published: May 2011

Ni(OH)2/multiwalled carbon nanotubes (Ni(OH)2/MWNTs) nanocomposites were synthesized by hydrothermal method. The microstructures of such nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Electrochemical properties studies were carried out using cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostaitc charge/discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy method. The presence of MWNTs network in the Ni(OH)2 significantly improved the electrical conductivity of the host Ni(OH)2 by the fromation of conducting network of MWNT and the active sites for the redox rection of the metal hydroxide. The specific capacitance of the new composites was significantly improved (MWNTs of 20 wt.%, 2144 F/g) compared to Ni(OH)2 (MWNTs of 0 wt.%, 1772 F/g) in 6 M KOH solution at a charge-discharge current density of 4 mA/cm2. Therefore, the Ni(OH)2/MWNTs nanocomposites can be a potential application electrode material for electrochemical capacitors.
Interfacial Microstructure Evolution of Copper/Aluminium Laminates with Different Annealing Processes
Authors: Zhang Ying Hui , Qin Jing , Zhao Hong Jin , Xu Gao Lei
Published: May 2011

The interfacial microstructure evolution of copper/aluminium laminates with different annealing processes was studied. It was found that the formation and growth of intermetallic compounds in the interface during metallurgical combination process have four stages: the incubation period, the formation of island-like new phases in local areas, the transverse-lengthwise-transverse growth of diffusion zone, the formation of new intermetallic compounds and thickening of diffusion zone.
Effects of Alloying Elements on the Microstructure of 22CrMoH Gear Steels Billets
Authors: Zhang Yan Ling , Yang Xiao Gang , Xu Jin Gui , Bai Li Guo
Published: May 2011

In this study, the temperature field distribution of 22CrMoH billet is first obtained by simulating continuous casting process using moving boundary method. On the basis of the above data, the microstructure of 22CrMoH gear steels billet was simulated based on CAFÉ (Cellular Automaton – Finite Element Analysis) method, together with the effects of alloying elements such as Cr, Mo, Si, Mn on the microstructure of this billet. The simulated result agrees reasonably well with that of the actual product. And it suggested that under the reasonable extend of current steel grade, the increased amount of Si and Mn can steadily widen the proportion of equiaxed grains, lead to the increase in equiaxed grain amount, hence the decrease in equiaxed grain average radius; The increase in Mo content is able to enhance the nucleation amount; Proper decrease in Cr content favors the increase in proportion of equiaxed grains, but little effects on grain’s amount and radius. Further, the composition of alloy elements under the specified scope of 22CrMoH grade was optimized and the simulated results showed that the microstructure has vastly improved, as the proportion of equiaxed grain rose nearly doubled, the grains amount has increased by 19.96%, and average radius has decreased by 9.20%.
The Analysis of the Deformational Behavior and Mechanical Properties of Composite Yarn under the Conditions of Small Deformation
Authors: Fan Xin Mei , Xia Hao Li , Zheng Zhao Xiang , Li Yan Pei , Xue Yuan
Published: May 2011

This paper studied the mechanical behavior of the filament/staple fiber composite yarn and the pure cotton yarn under the isostress and isostrain of cycling tensile strength with the conditions of small deformation. And it also analyzed the elastic recovery rate, creep rate and stress relaxation rate under the different deformation rate and load. The results show that the mechanical properties of elastic recovery rate, stress relaxation and creep all keep in good range in the experiment of cycling tensile strength with low certain elongation and constant load; as the increase of certain elongation and constant load, the mechanical properties of elastic recovery rate, stress relaxation and creep have much difference, just in terms of the conformality under the cyclic tensile strength, PET/PU/cotton composite yarn shows the best, next is the PU/cotton composite yarn, and then next is the PET /cotton composite yarn, and the pure cotton yarn shows the worst.
Electrodeposition and Characterization of Cr-Fe-ZrO2 Composite Coating from Trivalent Chromium Chloride Electrolyte
Authors: He Xiang Zhu , Zhou Xin Li , Huang Lin Yuan
Published: May 2011

Cr-Fe-ZrO2 composite coatings were electrodeposited in trivalent chromium chloride electrolyte containing glycine as complexing agent. The effects of electrodeposition parameters such as current density and electroplating time on appearance, surface morphology and composition of the Cr-Fe-ZrO2 composite coatings were investigated mainly. The obtained Cr-Fe-ZrO2 composite coatings were characterized by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS) techniques; the appearance quality was evaluated by range estimation; and the bonding force was analyzed by bending tests. The SEM results showed that the nano-size ZrO2 powder were fairly distributed through out in the composite coating, and the composite coating contained only few fine cracks. The EDS results indicated that the composite coating contained chromium, iron, zirconium, oxygen, carbon and chlorine. The deposited coating was glossy and the results of bending tests showed that the bonding between the composite coating and the substrate was good
Integration of Preparation and Stabilization for Hemihydrate Calcium Sulfate Whiskers
Authors: Zhu Xin Feng , Wang Yu Bin , Wang Xiao , Yang Liu Shuan
Published: May 2011

The integration process of hemihydrate calcium sulfate whiskers with optimum additives was carried out, and the influence of reagents on the crystal shape and stability of hemihydrate calcium sulfate whiskers was investigated too. The products were characterized by FT-IR, SEM and XRD.The results show that the integration of preparation and stabilization of hemihydrate calcium sulfate whiskers can be achieved with addition of 0.025% sodium stearate and 0.15% sodium oleate by adding agents in different steps.