bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Проєктування локальних тренажерів на основі сценарно-імітаційного моделювання
Authors: Pletianyi І. , Samoylov V. , Choch I.
Published: December 2023

Наведено погляди на вирішення концептуальних питань щодо методів і технологій проєктування і побудови локальних тренажерів для підготовки персоналу в енергетиці. Локальні тренажери мають стати найбільш масовим і найбільш затребуваним класом тренажерів на підприємствах енергетики України. У статті запропоновано інформаційну технологію побудови локальних тренажерів на основі сценарно-імітаційного моделювання енергетичного обладнання та діяльності персоналу, яка базується на моделюванні робочої діяльності персоналу. Основні переваги локальних тренажерів, які реалізовані за вище вказаною технологією, характеризуються не «ступенем подоби» або «глибиною моделювання», а сукупністю реалізованих тренажерних занять, які формують необхідні професійні навички щодо управління енергетичним обладнанням. Тренажерне заняття реалізується у формі сценарію, основною якого є робоча діяльність персоналу, до якої добавлені елементи навчальної діяльності та відповідна реакція енергетичного обладнання на дії персоналу. У статті детально розглянуто технологічні етапи проєктування локальних тренажерів, їх зміст, методики, способи, прийоми та інструментарій для розробки. Результатом проєктування тренажера є набір тренажерних занять у вигляді графічних діаграм і задокументованих процесів на основі стандартизованих нотацій BPMN. Отримані діаграми – основа для програмної реалізації тренажера. У статті наведено принципи блочного модельного конструювання під час імітаційного моделювання енергетичного обладнання, відповідно до якого імітаційна модель розглядається як з’єднання в причинно-наслідкову мережу функціональних елементів, типових бібліотечних елементів, функціональних блоків та відповідних шаблонів. Програмним середовищем для реалізації локальних тренажерів розглядається мультимедійний пакет інформаційного середовища Unity.
Effectiveness of Response Strategies on Supply Chain Failure Periods
Authors:   The Korean Production And Operations Management Society, Park Chulsoon
Published: December 2023

Today supply chains have become more complex and exposed to more diverse risks due to globalization. It is essential for the supply chain to choose and implement a response strategy that fits the characteristics of the risk. In particular, it is necessary to use appropriate response strategies according to the period of failure. Based on literature research, this study presented hypotheses on the effectiveness of the response strategy on the failure period and tested the hypotheses using simulation and regression analysis. As for the response strategy, we investigated surplus inventory strategy, multiple sourcing strategy, and contingent rerouting strategy. As a result, the longer the failure period of the supply chain, the lower the effect of the surplus inventory strategy, while the effect of the multiple sourcing strategy increased. The contingent rerouting strategy showed a lower effect than non-response when the failure period was short, but when the failure period was long, it showed the best effect among the three strategies. Furthermore, the effect of the surplus inventory strategy further decreased as the demand increased sharply, and the effect of the multiple sourcing strategy further increased. The contingent rerouting strategy has seen a dramatic increase in response effects as the failure period increases when market demand increases sharply.
Parametric Approaches to Integer Linear Fractional Programming: Computational Study
Authors:   The Korean Production And Operations Management Society, Park Chong Hyun
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we focus on the integer linear fractional optimization problem, a special case of fractional programming where all functions in the objective function and constraints are linear and all variables are bounded and discrete. To derive the optimal solution, the parametric algorithms are considered, and the efficiency of the algorithms is investigated computationally. Unlike traditional parametric algorithms such as Newton's method, which create a unidirectional sequence approaching the optimal function value, our proposed algorithm generates both upper and lower bounds converging to this value. To demonstrate its effectiveness across various production and operations management problems, the suggested algorithms are used to solve the fractional knapsack problem by comparison to other algorithms (e.g., Newton’s method) under the randomized experimental conditions. The relative practical performance measured by the number of function calls demonstrates that the proposed algorithms are fast and robust for solving the linear fractional programs with discrete variables. Leveraging this algorithm holds the potential to overcome situations in traditional production and operations problems where non-fractional objective functions were previously unconsidered, thereby expecting to derive new outcomes and significance.
A Study on Major Factors for Building Hinterland of International Airport in Landlocked Country: Case of Chinggis Khaan Airport
Authors:   The Korean Production And Operations Management Society, f f , Shin KwangSup
Published: December 2023

It is crucial for urban and regional planners, policymakers, and stakeholders involved in airport development and management to understand and acknowledge the importance of an airport’s hinterland. The relationship between the airport and its surrounding areas is synergistic, and it plays a vital role in promoting sustainable growth and development not only locally but also regionally and internationally. Therefore, acknowledging the significance of an airport’s hinterland is essential for ensuring sustainable and responsible development in the long run. This research studies the possibility of building a new hinterland to improve the operation of Chinggis Khaan International Airport in Mongolia. The importance of the various factors is determined based on survey results from industry experts and then obtained via the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Given our results, the government of Mongolia could identify the areas that it needs to concentrate on to improve its international airport in terms of cargo volume.
A Study on the Development of Pre-emptive Senior Residential Complex:Focusing on the 50 Plus (+) Community
Authors:   KOREA ASSOCIATION OF REAL ESTATE LAW, Kil Hye Min , Ro Young Hee
Published: December 2023

This study is to find ways to respond to Korea’s low-growth and aging issues with suggesting a future residential complex model through advanced domestic and international cases. The 50+ community shows a new vision for building a preemptive housing system, spreading private-led service supply, and further creating an “Aging In Place” environment.
Active seniors in their 50s and 60s are the generations not only with relatively large assets, but also with poor economic and residential conditions due to divorce, business failure, and unemployment. It is also necessary to develop community-based social support service system to support housing, stable income and leisure activities, and create premium housing services to fulfill their unmet needs and trendy lifestyles especially for active seniors with high income.
In the United States, the senior housing business is expanding centering on large private construction companies’ franchises. In addition, various service infrastructures, such as 50+ community, independent living, assisted living, nursing home, and dementia care home, are built together in a huge complex according to the consumer’s requirements. In Europe, senior citizens live in flat, apartments, condos, share homes, or houses and use community-based social welfare service and programs. The famous European retirement communities are usually surrounded by the beautiful natural environment with luxurious resort facilities.
The 50 plus community is a preemptive model that can contribute to the creation of the “Aging In Place” environment in Korea. It is also necessary to develop a new ageing-friendly residential complex model for encouraging investments of the private sectors. A private-led 50+ community model is to be differentiated from the public-centered model which mainly focus on supporting daily living services for super-aged, low-income, and disabled seniors. The preemptive new model may be triggering a new senior housing business and solve the social problems in this super-aged society.
The Influence of Consumer Sentiment on Housing Prices by Region: Using the VARX Model
Authors:   KOREA ASSOCIATION OF REAL ESTATE LAW, Chun Hae-Jung
Published: December 2023

In order to examine the influence of consumer sentiment on housing prices by region, this study conducted an empirical analysis using the VARX model, including apartment sales price index, consumer sentiment index, apartment construction permit performance, corporate bond yield rate, and consumer price index. As a result of the VARX model estimation, the change rate of the housing consumer sentiment index has a significant positive (+) effect on the change rate of apartment sales prices, the change rate of the corporate bond yield has a negative (-), and the change rate of the consumer price index has a positive (+) effect in all regions. Looking at the coefficient values, it was found that consumer sentiment, corporate bond yield, and consumer price index had a greater impact on the rate of change in apartment sales prices in Seoul than in other regions. As a result of the impulse response analysis, the change rate of apartment sales price showed a positive (+) response to the shock of the change rate of housing consumption sentiment in all regions. The change rate of apartment sales price showed a weakly negative (-) response to the shock of the apartment construction permit performance in Seoul, was converged with a positive (+) response in nationwide and in non-metropolitan areas. It was found that the impact of the change rate of housing consumption sentiment in Seoul has a greater impact on the change rate of apartment sales prices than in other regions.
Carceral citizenship in Puerto Rico: Self-help and punishment
Authors: Parker Caroline Mary
Published: December 2023

The predominant criminological view of ‘carceral citizenship’ takes citizenship as a purely juridical matter, overlooking key social dimensions of citizenship as a human practice. To understand how the carceral turn is reconfiguring citizenship in Puerto Rico, I explore how formerly incarcerated people carve out a place for themselves in Puerto Rican society under the shadow of the prison. Focusing on one couple and their efforts to operate a therapeutic community, I show how self-help supplies a subset of former prisoners with a publicly recognized form of social belonging. Though more stable and encompassing than the stigmatized exile that awaits many people returning from prison, this carceral citizenship invites formerly incarcerated people to assume critical roles in the confinement, punishment, and care of people convicted of drug offences. Overall, this article highlights how self-help and punishment have emerged as intertwined mediums through which formerly incarcerated people assert their citizenship. 
Resumen: Ciudadanía carcelaria en Puerto Rico: Autoayuda y castigo
La visión criminológica predominante de la “ciudadanía carcelaria” considera la ciudadanía como una cuestión puramente jurídica, obviando dimensiones sociales clave de la ciudadanía como la práctica humana. Para entender cómo el giro carcelario está reconfigurando la ciudadanía en Puerto Rico, exploro cómo las personas excarceladas se hacen un hueco en la sociedad puertorriqueña bajo la sombra de la prisión. Centrándome en una pareja y sus esfuerzos por gestionar una comunidad terapéutica, muestro cómo la autoayuda proporciona una forma de pertenencia social públicamente reconocida a un subconjunto de ex reclusos. Aunque más estable y abarcadora que el exilio estigmatizado que espera a muchas personas que regresan de la cárcel, esta ciudadanía carcelaria invita a personas anteriormente encarceladas a asumir funciones críticas en el confinamiento, castigo y cuidado de personas condenadas por delitos de drogas. En general, este artículo destaca cómo la autoayuda y el castigo han surgido como medios entrelazados a través de los cuales las personas excarceladas afirman su ciudadanía.
Foreign Language Learning Enhances Cognitive flexibility, which Facilitates Reported Perspective-taking: Evidence from PISA 2018
Authors: Yang Bo
Published: December 2023

Multilingual speakers have often been found to be superior in taking another person’s perspective. Also, females are commonly found to have enhanced perspective-taking (PT) abilities compared with males, with male PT being generally more easily affected by external factors. Research on bilingual advantages has been widely verified in children, adults, and the elderly. However, few researchers have paid attention to the bilingual advantages and perspective-taking in adolescents. Perspective-taking skills are often associated with positive behaviors such as prosocial behavior and understanding others. In this study, we used a large and representative sample derived from the 2018 PISA survey to examine the relationship between bilingual experience, perspective-taking, and cognitive flexibility. The moderating effect of cultural individualism was also analyzed. The results of multi-level structural equation modeling (MSEM) indicate that: (1) foreign language learning is positively associated with perspective-taking and cognitive flexibility after controlling for individual-level and country-level demographic variables; (2) cognitive flexibility mediated the association between foreign language learning and perspective-taking; (3) the moderating effect of cultural individualism is significant. Specifically, in collectivist (vs. individualist) countries/societies, there is a stronger association between foreign language learning and perspective-taking.
Legal nature of the concept of genocide: international and national experience
Authors: Andrukhiv O.
Published: December 2023

Purpose. The purpose of our research is to characterize and compare the main approaches to the interpretation of the content of the concept of genocide in international and national law. Method. The methodology includes the complex use of scientific approaches and principles, as well as general scientific, philosophical and special scientific methods. Results. It has been established that Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine and atrocities against the civilian population are an example of the fact that the crime of genocide, as a form of individual and collective responsibility of the aggressor state against a sovereign state and its population, requires a thorough legal justification, both within the international and within the limits of national law. Actually, the signs of genocide remain debatable in international law, because the planned physical destruction of a separate ethnic group or people is often interpreted as "ethnic cleansing" and at the same time the concept of "genocide" is used in order to draw attention to individual actions or inactions of the state. In the national legislation, the concept of genocide is used in accordance with the interpretation of the Holodomor of 1932-1933 and the actual events of the full-scale invasion. However, if in the case of the Holodomor, one can only monitor the preservation of historical memory, because it is impossible to bring to justice the perpetrators of the genocide against Ukrainians in the 1930s, then the modern crimes of Russians must be clearly recorded and brought to justice both in the military and above military and political leadership of the aggressor state. Scientific novelty. An analysis of the main aspects of international and national legislation defining the crime of genocide was carried out. Practical significance. The results of the research can be used in further historical and legal studies, preparation of special courses.
«Other» persons as participants in secret investigators (detective) actions (criminal control)
Authors: Lototskyi M. , Dzundza L.
Published: December 2023

Goal. The purpose of the work is to study the current legislation that ensures the legality of secret investigative (search) actions. The author of this work substantiates the illegality of using the materials of secret investigative (search) actions to prove the guilt of a person if an unauthorized person was involved in conducting such investigative actions. Method. The methodology includes a comprehensive analysis and generalization of the available scientific and theoretical material and the formulation of relevant conclusions. During the research, the following methods of scientific knowledge were used: comparative-legal, logical-grammatical, systemic-structural, modeling. The results. In the process of research, it was established that persons who are not employees (employees) of operative divisions of law enforcement agencies, who are not allowed to the state secret, cannot participate in secret investigative (search) actions, but authorized persons who conduct such investigative actions can use information received from "other" persons. Evidence obtained in violation of the procedure for conducting secret investigative (search) actions must be declared inadmissible by the court. Scientific novelty. With regard to the development by scientists of the topic of involving persons not admitted to state secrets in secret (investigative) investigative actions, this topic is new. In the process of research, it was scientifically proven that the involvement of unauthorized persons in conducting such investigative actions is a violation of current legislation. Practical significance. The results of the research can be used in law-making activities for the further improvement of the national criminal procedural legislation regarding the improvement of the institution of the use of covert investigative (search) actions, in the practical work of law enforcement agencies, the defense side, the administration of justice, as well as in the educational process during the teaching and learning of academic disciplines "Criminal Procedural Law of Ukraine" and "Advocacy".
International human rights ensurement standards in the law
enforcement activities of the national police of Ukraine: today's realities
Authors: Mahnovskyi I. , Kosarevska O.
Published: December 2023

Purpose. The purpose of the work is to conduct an analysis of international standards for ensuring human rights in the law enforcement activities of the National Police of Ukraine, based on the realities and challenges of today. Methodology. The methodology includes a comprehensive analysis and generalization of the available scientific and theoretical material and the formulation of relevant conclusions and recommendations. The following methods of scientific reseach have been implemented: terminological, logical-semantic, functional, system-structural, logical-normative. Results. In the process of research, it was recognized that the proper affirmation of human rights and freedoms is one of the fundamental and leading factors of national state-building, where the National Police of Ukraine occupies one of the key positions in the person of competent state bodies to ensure them, thereby determining its activity, because its efficiency and productivity are of decisive importance in this aspect for social development. In addition, today's realities oblige the National Police of Ukraine to make significant transformational changes, as an appropriate algorithm of actions and decision-making, in order to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of its professional direction – serving the Ukrainian people, thus ensuring the implementation of strategic priorities of police activity in accordance with international standards observance of human rights. Originality. In the process of research, based on the generalization of positive experience, the significance and effectiveness of international standards for ensuring human rights in the law enforcement activities of the National Police of Ukraine at the current stage of state formation have been proven. Practical significance. The results of the research can be used in law-making and law-enforcement activities during the development of proposals for improving the mechanism of its timely detection, prevention and elimination.
Una lectura urbanocentrista del contexto sociocultural y la discapacidad: ¿ruralidades discapacitantes?
Authors: Martínez Hernández Norma Patricia , Cortés Carreño José Cruz Jorge
Published: December 2023

Hoy en día, las personas con discapacidad (PCD) enfrentan obstáculos físicos, sociales, económicos, políticos y culturales que imperan en el entorno y que determinan su inclusión y exclusión en la sociedad, pese a contar con un marco jurídico que enmarca sus derechos. Un marco que se concibe como una especie de fetichización, pero que todavía no ha logrado satisfacer sus requerimientos reales. Además, de que difícilmente considera las voces y vivencias de las personas que presentan una limitante física, mental o sensorial, y que, por ello, enfrentan prácticas sociales de exclusión, discriminación, estigmatización y opresión.

Por ello, el objetivo de este artículo es analizar las prácticas socioculturales que determinan la discapacidad de una persona al momento de confrontarse con la cotidianidad, primordialmente en contextos que no se ajustan a lo que instituye el marco jurídico mexicano al respecto, por ejemplo, en el Medio Rural. Se realizaron algunas entrevistas a personas con discapacidad. Se empleó la hermenéutica para el análisis de la legislación. Se encontró que tanto en los gobiernos, como en la sociedad y las propias PCD, existen diversas concepciones sobre la discapacidad, y que existe un desconocimiento generalizado acerca de la legislación y las experiencias de PCD por lo que se acentúa su exclusión y opresión.
Becker Muscular Dystrophy: Could Altering the Natural History of Decline Help Tackle Unmet Medical Need?
Authors: Barrell Amanda
Published: December 2023

This symposium was held as part of the 28th International Annual Congress of the World Muscle Society (WMS), held in Charleston, South Carolina, USA. Speakers reviewed the natural history of Becker muscular dystrophy (Becker), outlined the top line, 12-month data from the ARCH open label study of investigational agent EDG-5506, and aimed to put those results into clinical context.

Becker is a serious rare disease with significant physical, emotional, financial, and social impact on the affected individuals and their caregivers. Once function begins to decline, males affected by the progressive X-linked genetic disorder continue to irreversibly lose muscle, ultimately leading to the loss of ambulatory and cardiopulmonary function.

After discussing the aetiology of the condition, Erik Niks, Paediatric and Adult Neurologist, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), the Netherlands, presented the findings of natural history studies. They showed that while the age at which decline begins varies, once it does start, patients tend to experience a consistent decline in function equivalent to around 1.2–1.3 North Star Ambulatory Assessment (NSAA) points each year. This finding, combined with data on using MRI as a biomarker of disease progression, provides an evidence-based framework for clinical trial design, he argued. Sam Collins, Vice President of clinical development, Edgewise Therapeutics, Boulder, Colorado, USA, then presented topline 12-month data from the ARCH study. It found that EDG-5506 was well tolerated, and, importantly, recorded the stabilisation of functional assessments, including the NSAA, with a trend towards improvement, as well as rapid, sustained, and significant decreases in biomarkers of progression, including those related to muscle damage. Putting the ARCH study data into context, Barry Byrne, Director of the Health Center for Advanced Therapeutics and Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida (UF), Gainesville, USA, explained exactly how declining NSAA status translated into life-altering function loss. Stabilising function, or even reducing the speed of decline, was an important goal for patients, he said, adding that meeting it could help to address significant unmet medical need.
New Horizons in IgA Nephropathy: A Focus on Current Treatment and Emerging Solutions
Authors: Roberts Eleanor
Published: December 2023

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is a common form of glomerular disease, with wide heterogeneity of symptom occurrence and progression. Diagnosis is based on kidney biopsy findings. IgAN initiates in the mucosa with development of galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) and anti-Gd-IgA1 autoantibodies, leading to deposition of these complexes in glomerular mesangium with resulting fibrosis, inflammation, tubulointerstitial scarring, and glomerular injury. This can lead to chronic kidney disease (CKD), kidney failure, and death. IgAN treatment involves optimised supportive care, including individualised strategies to address symptoms, such as high blood pressure control and cardiovascular risks. Drug treatment includes renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors and immunosuppressant therapies. While the latter can successfully lower proteinuria, and have a positive effect on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), adverse effects can limit treatment duration, and increasing proteinuria and decreasing eGFR can return following treatment discontinuation. New formulations of immunosuppressant therapies include delayed-release budesonide with targeted release in the lower part of the small intestine where Gd-IgA1 production occurs. Although treatment with this drug can reduce proteinuria and sustain eGFR levels, similar to other immunosuppressant therapies, effects seem to be predominantly limited to the active treatment period. Targeting a different mechanism, sparsentan is a dual endothelin A receptor (ETA) and angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) blocker that targets endothelin-1 (ET-1) and angiotensin II, both involved in IgAN progression. Initial Phase III trial results show significant differences, favouring sparsentan, compared with the AT1 blocker irbesartan, on proteinuria, with similar adverse event profiles. These agents, and several other drugs in development, will widen the armamentarium of therapies for people with IgAN, which, when used in combination, can target different aspects of IgAN pathogenesis for a more individualised treatment approach.
Real-World Impact of Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency in Children
Authors: Humphry Nicola
Published: December 2023

Pyruvate kinase (PK) deficiency is a hereditary haemolytic anaemia caused by mutations in the PKLR gene encoding PK, which is critical for maintaining red blood cell (RBC) energy levels. Defects in PK cause chronic haemolysis. There are currently no disease-modifying therapies approved for use in children with PK deficiency, and treatment can involve regular blood transfusions, iron chelation, splenectomy, and management of disease complications.
In this interview, Rachael F. Grace, a paediatric haematologist at the Dana–Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Massachusetts, USA; and Julián Sevilla, a haematologist at the Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús in Madrid, Spain, shared their experience of diagnosing and treating paediatric patients with PK deficiency. They discussed the substantial variability in symptoms between patients irrespective of their haemoglobin level, the risk of iron overload even in children not receiving regular transfusions, and the effects of jaundice on children’s self-esteem.
Grace and Sevilla also examined the challenges in diagnosis and management of PK deficiency in paediatrics, and the importance of regular monitoring in all patients, both to identify potential complications, and to ensure optimal medical management of their disease. Finally, they discussed new therapies that are currently being developed, which have the potential to have a major impact on future treatments for paediatric patients with PK deficiency.
Crowdsourced Adaptive Surveys
Authors: Velez Yamil
Published: December 2023

Public opinion surveys are vital for informing democratic decision-making, but responding to rapidly changing information environments and measuring beliefs within niche communities can be challenging for traditional survey methods. This paper introduces a crowdsourced adaptive survey methodology that unites advances in natural language processing and adaptive algorithms to generate question banks that evolve with user input. The CSAS method converts open-ended text provided by participants into Likert items, and applies a multi-armed bandit algorithm to determine user-provided questions that should be prioritized. The method’s adaptive nature allows for the exploration of new survey questions, while imposing minimal costs in survey length. Applications in the domains of Latino information environments and issue importance showcase CSAS’s ability to identify claims or issues that might otherwise be difficult to track using standard approaches. I conclude by discussing the method’s potential for studying topics where participant-generated content might improve our understanding of public opinion.
A New Mass-Energy Equivalence from Lorentz Factor and Energy of Motion
Authors: Annamalai Chinnaraji
Published: December 2023

The velocity of a moving object with its non-zero mass is less than the speed of light because light has no mass and the speed of light is the upper limit for the speeds of all objects in the universe. In this article, a new mass-energy equation is derived using the Lorentz factor and the energy of motion, also known as the kinetic energy, defined in classical mechanics.
Effects of Open Teaching Model on Dance-Major College Students’ Inquiry Skills and Learning Effectiveness
Authors: QIONGQIONG Lai , QIU Jin
Published: December 2023

Regarding the diversified reform of school education, cultivating students’ abilities is the primary task of the teaching trend. To enhance students’ learning effectiveness and have them present self-directed learning and lifelong learning skills, teachers should appropriately apply strategies to guide students’ self-directed learning. In this case, the role of teachers should be changed from major instructors to leaders of students’ self-directed learning. Dance-major college students in China are selected as the research objects. Total 142 valid samples are preceded the 16-week experimental teaching (total 32 sessions) with open teaching model for a term. The research results show that 1.students, through open teaching could achieve diversified effect on learning topics, 2.open teaching also induce dance-major college students’ inquiry skills and interests in thinking in the process with open learning strategies, and 3.teachers using open-ended questions, through problem-posing activities, could more deeply understand the correctness of dance-major college students applying connections to problems in knowledge and reality. According to the results to propose discussions and suggestions, it is expected to understand students’ learning progress, according to the lessons with open teaching model, to have students’ present problem-finding & problem-solving skills and promote students’ learning effectiveness for the reference for promoting open teaching model in the future.
VIOLÊNCIA NO CONTEXTO DO ENSINO SUPERIOR
Authors: Beggiato Sheila , Casper Hackenberg Crismarie , De Oliveira Valdomiro , Vagetti Gislaine Cristina
Published: December 2023

A violência circula por toda a sociedade brasileira e também entre muros nas instituições de ensino superior. Esta revisão de escopo buscou mapear as produções científicas que tratem da temática da violência no contexto do ensino superior, identificando os tipos de violência e a população que a sofre. Foram realizadas buscas no Portal Capes; BVS; Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações; Scielo; Psycinfo; Scopus; Web of Science; ERIC. O período de busca ocorreu entre 03 e 04 de julho de 2021, com atualização em 23 de março de 2022, com os descritores violence against women; higher education (universities) e seus correspondentes em língua portuguesa e língua espanhola, aplicando os operadores booleandos AND e OR. Como resultado obteve-se 12 trabalhos que abordam esta temática. A área da saúde e saúde/educação concentra o maior número de publicações. Os tipos de violência foram de gênero, agressão física, agressão sexual, abuso infantil, familiar ou doméstica, importunação sexual violência sexual; atitudes intimidantes, insultos, sexo forçado, violência emocional e violência física; assédio moral e sexual, negar acessibilidade ao(a) aluno(a), abuso de poder, de autoridade (violência acadêmica); violência ocupacional. A população que sofre a violência são estudantes, docentes e servidoras. As mulheres são as mais expostas a sofrerem violência.
Effects of chamber shapes on maneuverability and control property of endoscope-support soft actuators
Authors: Lu Yuxi , Zhou Zhongchao , Tortos Vinocour Pablo Enrique , Kokubu Shota , Igarashi Tatsuo , Yu Wenwei
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) offers targeted surgical access with reduced invasiveness; however, the maneuverability challenges of traditional instruments in this domain underscore the need for innovative solutions. Soft actuators activated by fluids or gases present a promising strategy for augmenting endoscopic capabilities, thereby enhancing the surgical precision in MIS. This study aimed to explore the intricate dynamics of the interactions between soft actuators and endoscopes, with an emphasis on the pivotal role of cross-sectional chamber shapes. While previous studies have touched on the influence of chamber shapes on bending properties, we provide a comprehensive exploration. We explore how these shapes modulate friction forces, which in turn influence the interactions governing bending, response, and stiffness adjustability, all of which are essential for enhancing endoscope maneuverability in MIS contexts.

Methods: A novel bilateral symmetrical air chamber design was adopted to investigate various chamber shapes. We employed finite element analysis (FEA) simulations followed by prototype testing to evaluate the interactions driven by these chamber shapes and to discern their impact on actuator properties. Recognizing the pivotal role of friction in these interactions, we conducted dedicated friction experiments. These experiments further deepened our understanding of the relationship between chamber shape and friction, and how this synergy influences the properties of the actuator.

Results: Our findings showed that actuators with wider chambers generate larger friction forces, thereby enhancing the interaction and improving the bending, response, and stiffness adjustability. Additionally, the soft actuator significantly improved the maneuverability and bending radius of the endoscope, demonstrating enhanced navigation capabilities in complex environments.

Discussion: The shape of a cross-sectional chamber plays a pivotal role in designing soft actuators for MIS applications. Our research emphasizes the importance of this design component, offering key insights for the development of endoscope-supporting soft actuators that can effectively handle intricate actuator-endoscope interactions, thereby enhancing surgical outcomes.
The integrated stress response protects against ER stress but is not required for altered translation and lifespan from dietary restriction in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Ma Zhengxin , Horrocks Jordan , Mir Dilawar A. , Cox Matthew , Ruzga Marissa , Rollins Jarod , Rogers Aric N.
Published: December 2023

The highly conserved integrated stress response (ISR) reduces and redirects mRNA translation in response to certain forms of stress and nutrient limitation. It is activated when kinases phosphorylate a key residue in the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2). General Control Nonderepressible-2 (GCN2) is activated to phosphorylate eIF2α by the presence of uncharged tRNA associated with nutrient scarcity, while protein kinase R-like ER kinase-1 (PERK) is activated during the ER unfolded protein response (UPRER). Here, we investigated the role of the ISR during nutrient limitation and ER stress with respect to changes in protein synthesis, translationally driven mRNA turnover, and survival in Caenorhabditis elegans. We found that, while GCN2 phosphorylates eIF2α when nutrients are restricted, the ability to phosphorylate eIF2α is not required for changes in translation, nonsense-mediated decay, or lifespan associated with dietary restriction (DR). Interestingly, loss of both GCN2 and PERK abolishes increased lifespan associated with dietary restriction, indicating the possibility of other substrates for these kinases. The ISR was not dispensable under ER stress conditions, as demonstrated by the requirement for PERK and eIF2α phosphorylation for decreased translation and wild type-like survival. Taken together, results indicate that the ISR is critical for ER stress and that other translation regulatory mechanisms are sufficient for increased lifespan under dietary restriction.
ATP-induced cell death: a novel hypothesis for osteoporosis
Authors: Wang Wei , Zhang Haolong , Sandai Doblin , Zhao Rui , Bai Jinxia , Wang Yanfei , Wang Yong , Zhang Zhongwen , Zhang Hao-Ling , Song Zhi-Jing
Published: December 2023

ATP-induced cell death has emerged as a captivating realm of inquiry with profound ramifications in the context of osteoporosis. This study unveils a paradigm-shifting hypothesis that illuminates the prospective involvement of ATP-induced cellular demise in the etiology of osteoporosis. Initially, we explicate the morphological attributes of ATP-induced cell death and delve into the intricacies of the molecular machinery and regulatory networks governing ATP homeostasis and ATP-induced cell death. Subsequently, our focus pivots towards the multifaceted interplay between ATP-induced cellular demise and pivotal cellular protagonists, such as bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts, accentuating their potential contributions to secondary osteoporosis phenotypes, encompassing diabetic osteoporosis, glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, and postmenopausal osteoporosis. Furthermore, we probe the captivating interplay between ATP-induced cellular demise and alternative modalities of cellular demise, encompassing apoptosis, autophagy, and necroptosis. Through an all-encompassing inquiry into the intricate nexus connecting ATP-induced cellular demise and osteoporosis, our primary goal is to deepen our comprehension of the underlying mechanisms propelling this malady and establish a theoretical bedrock to underpin the development of pioneering therapeutic strategies.
Is stroke knowledge retained? Four-year longitudinal data of FAST Heroes campaign
Authors: Baskini Maria , Tsakpounidou Kalliopi , Van der Merwe Jan , Keramydas Christos , Proestopoulos Maria , Proios Hariklia
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Educational stroke programs seem to increase awareness about stroke management. However, there is a speculation that actual stroke knowledge post mass campaign implementation remains poor. The aim of the present study was to evaluate stroke knowledge retention four years post Fast Heroes program implementation, an interactive stroke educational program, in school-aged children without any follow up during this time.

Methods

Seventy-eight (n = 47 had attended the program four years ago and n = 31 had never attended the program) school-aged children completed the age-adjusted online preparedness questionnaire during class four years post program implementation. The variables used to measure campaign effectiveness were knowledge of: i) stroke symptoms described in the FAST acronym (Face-Arm-Speech), ii) appropriate course of action (i.e., calling an ambulance), and iii) the European emergency number (i.e., 112).

Results

In all questions, children that had attended the program had 14–81% greater chances to answer correctly.

Discussion

There is still knowledge gain even four years post program implementation with no follow up during that time. The design of the campaign (i.e., 5-week duration, age-appropriate exercises, cartoon animations, song and dance elements, sentimentally driven activities and 3-layer education dissemination) facilitates long-term knowledge retention and may have led to the knowledge gains observed. Broad implementation potentially as part of the annual curriculum in schools can impact community stroke knowledge and should be considered.
Machine learning-driven task scheduling with dynamic K-means based clustering algorithm using fuzzy logic in FOG environment
Authors: Sheikh Muhammad Saad , Enam Rabia Noor , Qureshi Rehan Inam
Published: December 2023

Fog Computing has emerged as a pivotal technology for enabling low-latency, context-aware, and efficient computing at the edge of the network. Effective task scheduling plays a vital role in optimizing the performance of fog computing systems. Traditional task scheduling algorithms, primarily designed for centralized cloud environments, often fail to cater to the dynamic, heterogeneous, and resource-constrained nature of Fog nodes. To overcome these limitations, we introduce a sophisticated machine learning-driven methodology that adapts task allocation to the ever-changing Fog environment's conditions. Our approach amalgamates K-Means clustering algorithm enhanced with fuzzy logic, a robust unsupervised learning technique, to efficiently group Fog nodes based on their resource characteristics and workload patterns. The proposed method combines the clustering capabilities of K-means with the adaptability of fuzzy logic to dynamically allocate tasks to fog nodes. By leveraging machine learning techniques, we demonstrate how tasks can be intelligently allocated to fog nodes, resulting in reducing execution time, response time and network usage. Through extensive experiments, we showcase the effectiveness and adaptability of our proposed approach in dynamic fog environments. Clustering proves to be a time-effective method for identifying groups of jobs per virtual machine (VM) efficiently. To model and evaluate our proposed approach, we have utilized iFogSim. The simulation results affirm the effectiveness of our scheduling technique, showcasing significant enhancements in execution time reduction, minimized network utilization, and improved response time when compared to existing machine learning and non-machine learning based scheduling methods within the iFogSim framework.
Thrombopoietin-receptor agonists for adult patients with immune thrombocytopenia: a narrative review and an approach for managing patients fasting intermittently
Authors: Yassin Mohamed A. , Al-Rasheed Mona , Al-Khaboori Murtadha , Marashi Mahmoud , Osman Hani , Wali Yasser , Al Kindi Salam , Alsayegh Faisal , Provan Drew
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Thrombopoietin-receptor agonist (TPO-RAs) currently represent the state of art for treating immune thrombocytopenia. Their different molecular structures contribute to the difference in their pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. This narrative review aims to provide an overview of the current TPO-RAs approved for primary immune thrombocytopenia (romiplostim, eltrombopag, avatrombopag) and the effect of intermittent fasting in adult patients receiving TPO-RAs.

Areas covered

Literature was searched with no limits on date or language, using various combinations of keywords. Data on the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, efficacy, and safety of TPO-RAs and the effect of intermittent fasting were summarized.

Expert opinion

Switching between TPO-RAs is a useful strategy to tackle some associated limitations. Romiplostim and avatrombopag have an advantage over eltrombopag as they do not require any dietary restrictions. In cases where romiplostim and avatrombopag are unavailable, patients should be educated on the appropriate administration, possible interactions, and dietary restrictions before initiating eltrombopag.
Pompe disease in China: clinical and molecular characteristics
Authors: Li Jing , Shi Xiaohe , Wang Bo , Hsi David H. , Zhu Xiaoli , Ta Shengjun , Wang Jing , Lei Changhui , Hu Rui , Huang Junzhe , Zhao Xueli , Liu Liwen
Published: December 2023

Background

Pompe disease (PD) is a rare, progressive, and autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the acid α-glucosidase gene. The clinical course and molecular mechanism of this disease in China have not been well defined.

Methods

In this single-center cohort study, we investigated a total of 15 Chinese patients with Pompe disease to better understand the clinical manifestations, echocardiographic imaging and genetic characteristics in this population.

Results

The median age of 15 patients at symptom onset was 5.07 months (1–24 months). The median age at diagnosis was 19.53 months (range: 3 to 109 months, n = 15). Average diagnostic delay was 13.46 months. None of the patients had received enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). Fifteen patients died at a median age of 24.80 months due to cardiorespiratory failure (range 3–120 months). Myasthenia symptoms and severe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy were universally present (15/15 = 100%). Global longitudinal strain (GLS) by echocardiography was significantly lower in these patients. After adjusting for gender, body surface area (BSA), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), E/e'ratio, maximum left ventricular wall thickness (MLVWT), left ventricular posterior wall (LVPW), left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT)gradient, GLS was independently correlated with survival time (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.702, 95% confidence Interval (CI): 0.532–0.925, P = 0.012). In our cohort, we identified 4 novel GAA mutation: c.2102T > C (p.L701P), c.2006C > T (p.P669l), c.766T > A (p.Y256N), c.2405G > T (p.G802V). 12 patients were compound heterozygotes, and 4 homozygotes.

Conclusions

Our study provides a comprehensive examination of PD clinical course and mutations of the GAA gene for patients in China. We showed clinical utility of echocardiography in quantifying heart involvement in patients with suspected PD. GLS can provide prognostic information for mortality prediction. We reported four novel mutations in the GAA gene for the first time. Our findings may improve early recognition of PD characteristics in Chinese patients.