bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Harmony of Tradition and Innovation: A Distinctive Approach for Arabic Language Learning in Madrasah with Adab and Tahfidz Integration
Authors: Ahmadi Ahmadi , Saad Nurhasma Muhamad
Published: June 2024

The integration of traditional Islamic values with innovative pedagogical approaches in Arabic language education, especially in contexts such as Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Muhammadiyah in Pacitan, is critical to improving learning outcomes. However, empirical studies are still rare to evaluate the effectiveness and sustainability of these approach, so in-depth research is needed to assess impacts, challenges and best practices. This approach emphasizes a perfect blend of Adab (Islamic etiquette) and Tahfidz (Qur’an memorization) programs in the Arabic curriculum, aiming to foster holistic development among students. This study explores in depth the theoretical foundations of this integrated approach, highlighting the symbiotic relationship between tradition and innovation in educational practice. Adab functions as a moral compass, guiding students toward ethical behavior and character refinement, while Tahfidz enhances cognitive abilities and linguistic proficiency. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method approach, which emphasizes research methodology to comprehensively assess the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Qualitative data collection methods include in-depth interviews, include surveys before and after implementation, assessment and evaluation of academic performance. Qualitative data analysis involves thematic coding and narrative synthesis. This study contributes to the development of Arabic language education discourse in Madrasas by proposing a transformative approach that aligns tradition with innovation.
Capital forms multiplication
Authors:   Institute of Psychological and Economic Research, Manokhina Nadezhda V. , Mityaeva Natalia V. ,   Saratov State University
Published: June 2024

Introduction. Revealing the content of the capital forms multiplication process is significant for modern economic science in theoretical and applied aspects. The political and economic peculiarities of the study are to reveal the essence of capital as a benefit that generates income in various forms. Theoretical analysis. The authors’ point of view is an alternative to the generally accepted point of view on capital as a self-increasing value, as a certain social attitude based on the exploitation of wage labor, and the allocation of forms corresponding to the stages of its circulation as priority functional forms of capital. The authors introduce a new category into scientific circulation – capital forms multiplication. According to the authors’ interpretation, it is an objective process of constant generation of various new forms of manifestation and movement of capital. Empirical analysis. The authors’ approach allows us to single out such a property of capital as autopoiesis, understood as self-building, self-reproduction, self-regulation. The authors’ capital forms classification is presented, where, along with traditional forms of capital (cash, trade, etc.), new types of capital are highlighted and valorized – intellectual, knowledge, information, network, symbolic (image, brand). In recent years, the autopoiesis of capital has manifested itself in the multiplication of such forms as emotional and aesthetic capital. Results. The capital multiplication process is revealed on the basis of its many forms’ analysis, which tend to grow.
The bodies of the political police of the Saratov province in the late 19th – early 20th centuries: Institutional changes, areas of work and specifics of inter-provincial cooperation
Authors:   Saratov State University, Varfolomeev Yuri V.
Published: June 2024

Introduction. The relevance of the chosen research topic is of lasting importance, since the place, role and importance of the political police is always of paramount importance in order to ensure the security of the state and its power structures. Theoretical analysis. During the second half of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries, the gendarmerie bodies underwent gradual reform and serious intradepartmental and interregional reorganization. As a result, by the beginning of the last century, two main, interconnected and interacting structures of the political police operated in the Russian Empire – a separate corps of gendarmes (with a network of provincial gendarmerie departments and gendarmerie police departments of railways) and Security (search) departments (points). Empirical analysis. It was revealed that the political police bodies operating in the early twentieth century on the territory of the Saratov province (Saratov Provincial Gendarmerie Department, Tambov-Ural Gendarmerie Police Department of Railways, Saratov Security Department and Volga Region Security Department), which underwent organizational and structural changes in accordance with the directive acts of the authorities, purposefully performed their functions of search, covert supervision and surveillance of unreliable elements, inquiry and political investigation, as well as the execution of court sentences in political cases. Results. The process of reorganization and restructuring of political police bodies at the local level, in particular, in the Saratov province, testifies to the contradictory and ambiguous nature of the ongoing transformations. The empirical material studied shows that the authorities of late imperial Russia failed, to the necessary extent, to create an effective system of political investigation, which was supposed to resist the rapidly developing revolutionary movement at the beginning of the 20th century.
Dual and multiple citizenship in the Russian Federation: Prospects for the development of legal regulation
Authors:   Voronezh State University, Pronyakina Svetlana Yu.
Published: June 2024

Introduction. After the legislative distinction between the concepts of “dual citizenship” and “multiple citizenship”, predicting the prospects for the development of legal regulation of social relations emerging in the field of dual and multiple citizenship, as well as development of practical proposals to consolidate the legal status of persons with multiple citizenship in the Russian Federation, becomes relevant. Theoretical analysis. The author examined the legislation of the Russian Federation regulating the legal status of persons with dual and multiple citizenship, in particular, analyzed the current legislative restrictions and prohibitions established for this category of persons. Empirical analysis. The author studied the problem of exercising electoral rights by citizens of the Russian Federation with multiple citizenship, including the problem of renouncing the citizenship of a foreign state, and analyzed judicial practice on challenging decisions of election commissions of municipalities on the annulment of registration/refusal to register candidates for deputies. Results. The author proposes the concept of the Federal Law “On the legal status of persons with multiple citizenship in the Russian Federation”: legislative consolidation of the concept of “person with multiple citizenship”, formulation of the goals of establishing prohibitions for persons with multiple citizenship, establishment of additional prohibitions for persons with multiple citizenship in the sphere of the use of electoral rights, in particular, the ban on passive suffrage (the right to be elected) in municipal elections, the ban on active suffrage (the right to vote) for persons with multiple citizenship permanently residing outside the Russian Federation.
The Problem of Transparency of the Judiciary on the Example of Review of Appeals of Citizens: Institutional and Penal Aspects
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Criminal Procedure and Criminalistics of the Law Institute of the Siberian Federal University, PhD (Law), Pisarevsky Ilya I.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to civil appeals as an example of the judicial power transparency problem. It is stipulated that current civil appeals legislation has no exemptions for judges and courts in a matter of solvation of civil appeals. On the other hand, special legislation by means of “outer-procedural” appeal construction complicates its realization. Moreover, the vagueness of administrative liability procedure for judges leads to vulnerability of the right to solve civil appeals. As the result the author provides solvation for named problem.
Online Participation of a Journalist in a Court Hearing: A Myth or Reality
Authors:   Presiding Judge of the Fourteenth Arbitration Court of Appeal, Poteeva Anzhela V.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the implementation of the principle of transparency and openness of legal proceedings in the context of the development of digital technologies. The author considers the regulatory regulation of the remote participation of a representative of the mass media in a court session. Gaps in legislation and different approaches of courts are noted. It is concluded that it is necessary to expand the forms of interaction with journalists by using technical means of courts that provide online presence.
Court Records: Historical Experience and Contemporary Tendencies
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Arrangement of Judicial and Law Enforcement Activities of the Russian State University of Justice, Associate Professor of the Department of Criminal and Legal Disciplines of the A.S. Griboyedov Moscow University, PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Grishina Ekaterina P.
Published: June 2024

The effectiveness of judicial activity to a significant extent depends on the organization and mobility of the security procedures that make up judicial record keeping, which has been developed for several centuries and continues to be improved at the present stage through the organization of its constituent procedures based on the achievements of artificial intelligence.
Extremism Causes During a Military Conflict Period
Authors:   Head of Postgraduate Studies at the International Law Institute, Associate Professor of the Russian State Social University, PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Chistyakov Konstantin V.
Published: June 2024

The article examines the concept of extremism, as well as the main causes of extremism during a military conflict and highlights the factors influencing its spread. The author proposes a number of measures aimed at preventing and combating this phenomenon.
Under the Sign of the Updated Constitution: Constitutional Basis of Social Integration of Russia
Authors:   President of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Law, Professor Contacts: through the editorial office, ZORKIN Valery Dmitrievich
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the 30th anniversary of the adoption of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. It assesses both its historical significance and its enormous potential, including in the context of the amendment of the constitutional text implemented in 2020. At the same time, special attention is paid to the constitutional basis of Russia’s social integration, the constitutionalization of all-Russian moral values, the consolidation of the principle of economic, political and social solidarity, ensuring mutual trust between the state and society, as well as balancing the rights and duties of a citizen.
Plagiarism as a Bbasis for Deprivation of a Previously Awarded Academic Degree: Constitutional and Legal Limits and Conditions
Authors:   Professor of the Department of Constitutional and International Law, St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Doctor of Law, Professor, ASTAFICHEV Pavel Alexandrovich
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the problem of incorrect plagiarism as a basis for depriving persons of a scientific degree. The author defends the point of view that the main goal of the legal regulation of these social relations is the proper provision of constitutionality in the public law mechanism for depriving citizens of previously awarded academic degrees, especially if a significant amount of time has elapsed after the public defense of the dissertation. The article supports the position on the immorality and illegality of plagiarism as such, the need for proportionate legal liability of the relevant persons, if the offender’s guilt is proved in due legal procedure and the statute of limitations has not expired. However, the plagiarist is not affected by constitutional rights and freedoms. A person who has made incorrect plagiarism retains the constitutional right to scientific creativity, the restrictions of which are allowed only in the manner provided for in Part 3 of Art. 55 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation (federal law and only for the purposes expressly listed in the Constitution of the Russian Federation). Relevant persons are entitled to rely on the presumption of innocence and use to their advantage the constitutional prohibition of retroactive application of the law that establishes or aggravates liability.
The Development of the Idea of Universal Legal Equality in Russia in the Early 20th Century
Authors:   Senior Lecturer of the Department of Legal Support of Public and Municipal Service of the Moscow Region Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Attorney of the Moscow Regional Bar Association, Ustyuzhina Natalya A.
Published: June 2024

The article considers the features of the theoretical and ideological formation and development of the idea of universal legal equality of participants in legal relations in Russia at the beginning of the twentieth century as one of the basic principles of state law. Political and legal views on this issue of a prominent Russian jurist of the early twentieth century, F.F. Kokoshkin, are being analyzed. Destructive factors and remnants of feudalism that impede state transformations and the introduction of the principle of universal legal equality in Russia are analyzed, such as estate, restrictions on nationality, and unwillingness to the transformations of various political forces represented in the State Duma.
Law, State and Civil Society Within the Framework of the Scope and Subject of the Legal Science
Authors:   Head of the Department of Theory and History of Law and State of the Kazan Branch of the Russian State University of Justice, LL.D., Associate Professor, Gumerov Lenar A. , Krasnov Aleksandr V. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Theory and History of Law and State of the Kazan Branch of the Russian State University of Justice, PhD (Law), Associate Professor
Published: June 2024

The study of civil society and the state, as well as legal phenomena, and the choice of methodological means for its implementation are largely determined by the characteristics of these objects. Without addressing the essential aspects, the most profound patterns of their existence, research may turn out to be not just superficial, but lead the scientist into the world of phantoms, simulacra and even oxymorons, which will live their own lives, form their own reality, weakly affecting the empirical reality. Civil society, state and law from the standpoint of post-non-classical methodology appear not only and not so much as empirical objects, but as certain mental constructs. In this regard, the object and subject of legal and other humanities in a sense overlap: the model for describing society, state and law, outlining the subject of research as problematic issues of their functioning and development, simultaneously acts as an independent phenomenon that can be included in the object of research.
The Interaction Between State Institutions and Religious Associations as an Important Factor of Assurance of the National Security in the Russian Federation
Authors:   Head of the Department of State and Legal Disciplines and Digital Law of the Moscow University for Industry and Finance Synergy, PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Akhmedov Ruslan M.
Published: June 2024

In the article, the author reviews the interaction between state institutions and religious associations. The paper studies the reasons for the origination of confrontation in the multi-ethnic Russian society, including on religious matters.
Dualism of the Urbanological Evaluation of Infill Construction as a Phenomenon of the Russian Development
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Criminal Law of the Penza State University, PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Kapitonova Elena A.
Published: June 2024

The article analyzes the competition of goal-setting of two confrontational parties — the developer and the population of a historical urban area that arises during compaction construction. Their paradigms of the block’s further development are considered in the context of the phenomena of gentrification and degradation of the urban environment. Possible points of growth in the quality of life of the population of the relevant area are identified, potential options for harming the existing living environment are identified. The author explores three basic approaches to the legal regulation of point development, conditionally defining them as indifferent, prohibitive and limiting, and also gives examples of the implementation of the latter in a number of regions of the country (including Sochi). It is concluded that it is necessary to expand the application of the procedure of public hearings on urban planning justification and approval of the redevelopment project of the block. The possibility of using legal urbanology as an axiological basis for making appropriate decisions is substantiated.
Territorial Planning of Agglomerations as an Institution of the Unified Public Government of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil and Labor Law of the North-West Institute of Management of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Judge Emeritus of a Regional Court, LL.D., Mayboroda Viktor A.
Published: June 2024

The article presents an analysis of the formation of a new type of documents — long-term plans for the socio-economic development of agglomerations. Based on the idea that agglomeration is an object of legal regulation and is not endowed with legal personality, the consideration of long-term development plans should be positioned as the implementation of the institution of the unity of public power in the Russian Federation.
Urban Development Zoning as a Sustainable Development Tool
Authors:   General Director of the Research Institute of Perspective Urban Development, Chief Research Scientist of the Central Research and Project Institute of the Ministry of Construction, Housing and Utilities of the Russian Federation, Honored Architect of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Architecture, Professor, Member of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences, Mityagin Sergey D. , Kovalenko Tatyana A. ,   Architect and Urban Developer, Head of the Department of Urban Development Zoning of the Research Institute of Perspective Urban Development
Published: June 2024

The article examines the specifics of regulating land and property relations in the system of urban development facilities within the framework of current legislation. The study is supported by an analysis of the legal framework, as well as a proposal for the organization of urban development activities of the Russian Federation in the direction of developing mechanisms to ensure the creation of urban conditions for sustainable development of the territory. The interrelationships of land designation (categories), functional and territorial zoning are shown.
s Recreation Part of the Story? Stakeholders’ Narratives about Youth Retention in a Rural State
Authors: Falcone Hannah , Hartman Cindy L. , Seaman Jayson , Coppens Andrew D. , Sharp Erin Hiley , Jusseaume Sarah , Donovan Molly
Published: June 2024

Changing demographics in rural states have been on the forefront of policymakers' minds. Trends such as high median age, low birth rates, and pronounced youth outmigration compound larger challenges of workforce and community development. Many rural states are promoting recreational and natural amenities as an attraction, hoping to lure established adult newcomers or returnees to resettle. However, it is unclear precisely how rural stakeholders perceive recreation to be an effective tool in attracting and retaining youth and young adults, beyond official branding strategies and campaigns. This study sought to identify macrosystem-level messaging circulating in stories told by stakeholders in education, workforce, and quality of life domains about how recreation relates to youth future orientation and decision making. Thirty-two data collection events (interviews or focus groups) with leaders in the policymaking, state administration, and youth-serving program areas in New Hampshire (NH) were conducted in 2020-2021. Themes were achieved using a story-based methodological approach guided by a master narrative conceptual framework, which states that macrosystem-level messaging impacts individual agency and decision-making. Four themes surrounding recreation emerged: 1) recreational opportunities are storied as less impactful on youth future orientation than educational and employment opportunities; 2) statewide branding focusing on outdoor recreational amenities and experiences may not be accessible or appealing to youth; 3) youth lack meaningful community engagement and leadership opportunities, resulting in low youth voice in community development initiatives; and 4) there is an assumption that youth will ultimately leave rural areas for educational, employment, and recreational opportunities elsewhere and return later as established adults. We make recommendations for recreation providers and stakeholders, including: 1) growing youth community attachment through recreation spaces and places in rural areas, 2) providing more inclusive forms of youth-focused state and community branding, 3) advocating for youth-focused recreation and civic engagement policy/programming, and 4) developing messaging resisting narratives insinuating recreation is unimportant in youth decision making and future orientation. Rural communities following these recommendations may enhance youth quality of life and contribute to a demographically diverse and thriving population.
Mobilities, Communication and Intercultural Education
Authors: Ramos Maria Natália
Published: June 2024

As migrações, o interculturalismo e a comunicação digital e intercultural são domínios fortemente presentes nos discursos sociais e políticos das últimas e primeiras décadas do século XX e XXI, respetivamente, ao nível de vários setores, e nos paradigmas comunicacionais, interculturais e educativos da atualidade. A diversidade cultural, a sociedade multicultural e em rede, a Internet, o desenvolvimento das tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação, a inserção dessas tecnologias na educação e no ensino deram origem a novas formas de relacionamento, comunicação e aprendizagem. Também deram origem a grandes mudanças na sociedade e nas organizações sociais, em particular na educação, ambientes onde a interculturalidade e a mobilidade estudantil têm vindo a aumentar. Neste artigo serão discutidas algumas destas questões que se colocam no contexto contemporâneo, sendo também analisadas políticas, estratégias e competências que possam ajudar os profissionais que trabalham com migrantes, refugiados e minorias étnicas/culturais a melhor interagir com este população, promovendo o seu acolhimento e inclusão social, bem como promovendo a convivência, a educação e comunicação intercultural e o desenvolvimento e bem-estar de todos, independentemente da sua origem cultural ou social.
EM DEFESA DE UMA ESCOLA REPUBLICANA E DO CONHECIMENTO COMO UM BEM COMUM
Authors: Consaltér Evandro
Published: June 2024

O artigo tem como objetivo defender a escola republicana e o conhecimento como um bem comum como forma de assegurar uma educação realmente democrática e inclusiva. Sob enfoque teórico, está alicerçado, sobretudo, nos estudos de Masschelein e Simons (2018) no que tangencia ao conceito de escola republicana e em de Dardot e Laval (2017) no que diz respeito à ideia de conhecimento como um bem comum. Quanto à caracterização da pesquisa, define-se como um uma investigação teórico-bibliográfica, de corte analítico. Em termos estruturais, o texto divide-se em três seções: i) aborda o conceito de escola republicana; ii) o conceito de conhecimento como um bem comum; iii) a escola como um espaço de constituição dos “comuns” do conhecimento. Por fim, nas considerações finais, aponta-se como a ideia de escola republicana e de conhecimento como um bem comum podem ser alternativas à consolidação de uma sociedade mais justa e, verdadeiramente, democrática.
EDUCAÇÃO POPULAR E MODERNIZAÇÃO SOCIOCULTURAL:
Authors: Teixeira Kadine , Magalhães Justino
Published: June 2024

Mesmo após a independência brasileira em 1822 é visível a existência de um intercâmbio entre intelectuais brasileiros e portugueses, e de iniciativas que buscavam aproximações entre os dois lados do Atlântico – todavia, numa relação permeada por conflitos e tensões. Identificamos a Revista da Instrução Pública para Portugal e Brasil (1857-58), idealizada e editada por António Feliciano de Castilho e Luís Filipe Leite, como o primeiro periódico que se propõe a tratar da aproximação entre Brasil e Portugal pela via da educação. Neste artigo, procede-se a uma análise sumária da evolução político-cultural do período que vai da Ilustração e Revolução Francesa às Revoluções da década de 1840, incluindo a Regeneração Portuguesa em meados do século XIX. Analisa-se, por fim, a Revista da Instrução Portugal-Brasil à luz do contexto histórico dos dois Países, mapeando-se os avanços e recuos no programa de geminação encetado por Castilho.
ANTÓNIO FELICIANO DE CASTILHO:
Authors: Castro Cesar Augusto , Boto Carlota , Castellanos Samuel Luís Velázquez
Published: June 2024

O objetivo deste texto é apresentar e debater a “função autor” e as obras de António Feliciano de Castilho relativas ao seu Método de Leitura, e ao escreve-las buscou afirmar-se como um educador e um reformador da instrução pública portuguesa e um crítico do modelo de ensino vigente a época. Tomamos como referência um conjunto de fontes sobre o seu pensamento educativo e sua proposta de ensino. Cogitamos que a produção de Castilho se constitui em debates relevantes para compreendermos as estratégias do autor para firma-se como um dos mais representativo e polêmico educador do Oitocentos, tanto em Portugal como no Brasil. Concluímos que a partir da “ apresentação” das obras educativas de Castilho podemos entender a sua função-autor e as estratégia que usou para produzir, adotar e fazer circular a sua Campanha Pedagógica.
CONTRASTES CURRICULARES DE CURSOS DE MESTRADO EM EDUCAÇÃO DO BRASIL E PORTUGAL:
Authors: Almeida Verônica Domingues
Published: June 2024

O artigo aborda a inovação pedagógica no currículo de cursos de formação de profissionais da educação no âmbito da pós-graduação stricto sensu, mais precisamente do Mestrado Profissional em Educação do Programa de Currículo, Linguagens e Inovações Pedagógicas da Universidade Federal da Bahia, e do Mestrado em Educação com especialidade em Inovação Educacional do Instituto de Educação da Universidade de Lisboa. Apresenta resultados de um estudo delineado metodologicamente pela Pesquisa Contrastiva, traçada por uma bricolagem de abordagem multirreferencial que, em sua primeira fase, objetivou compreender contrastes da inovação pedagógica, conforme expressas nas propostas dos referidos cursos, tendo como esteio a análise documental. Como resultados, destacam-se: 1. a aproximação das concepções de inovação expressas nas propostas pedagógicas e vinculadas à formação objetivada pelos cursos; 2. o distanciamento entre os desenhos curriculares; e 3. as similidades quanto à prospecção de seus impactos sociais, em contrapartida ao espaçamento dos horizontes de intervenção. O estudo destaca, ainda, que ante suas especifidades, ambos os programas se preocupam em alicerçar a produção de conhecimento sobre os/nos percursos de criação de propostas inovadoras nos prórios espaços educativos, ou seja, sobre as inovações pedagógicas em suas dimensões instituintes.
A EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA EM ESCOLAS NORMAIS DE CAXIAS DO SUL/RS (1947-1961):
Authors: Giacomoni Cristian , Souza José Edimar de
Published: June 2024

A Educação Física lecionada nas Escolas Normais buscou aproximar a disciplina dos preceitos médicos, militares e higienistas, e com atividades relacionadas ao cotidiano do ensino primário. Este estudo tem como objetivo compreender como se desenvolveram os processos formativos de Educação Física na Escola Normal Duque de Caxias e na Escola Normal São José de Caxias do Sul/RS, entre 1947 e 1961, valendo-se de documentos históricos e de memórias de professoras e normalistas. Ancora-se nos pressupostos teóricos da História Cultural pelas possibilidades de identificar como uma narrativa histórica é constituída e representada nos seus diferentes contextos, nas experiências cotidianas, nos espaços e nos tempos. A metodologia utilizada foi da História Oral, mediante entrevistas semiestruturadas cotejadas com Análise Documental considerando: leis, decretos, registros institucionais, jornais e fotografias acessados em diferentes acervos do RS. O estudo foi composto por seis sujeitos, três professoras de Educação Física, Aura Ribeiro Mendes, Gemma Callegari e Julita Schumacher, e três normalistas, Edelweiss Rossarolla, Carmen Lucia Duso e Suzana Corsetti. Os indícios apontam para processos formativos orientados metodologicamente pelo Método Ginástico Francês, pelos exercícios calistênicos, pelas diferentes formas de ginástica, conduzidas pelos preceitos médicos e militares presentes na década de 1930 que perduram de forma mais significativa até a década de 1950. Nos anos 1950 tais práticas vão sendo utilizadas como forma de aquecimento para outras atividades físicas e substituídas pelos esportes, principalmente voleibol, newcomb e caçador no contexto local, ou também por outras práticas, esportes, jogos e brincadeiras criadas e inventadas pelas docentes e/ou normalistas.
Repercussions of the end of the war in Ukraine for the United Nations Security System
Authors: Espaliú Carlos
Published: June 2024

Russia's invasion of Ukraine is an extraordinarily serious violation of the prohibition on the use of force that was embodied in Article 2.4 of the UN Charter after a long historical process. The fact that it was perpetrated by one of the permanent members of the Security Council implies a breach of the consensus among the Allies in World War II that gave rise to the United Nations and the system of international peacekeeping and security that it brought with it. The final outcome of the war in Ukraine may mean that the blow to the system of collective security envisaged in the Charter may be fatal, should the outcome be favourable to Russian interests, or that, despite being badly damaged, it may continue to exist, should the final outcome of the conflict be favourable to Ukrainian interests.
China: New Hegemonic Power after the War in Ukraine?
Authors: Leoni Zeno , Strina Veronica
Published: June 2024

The War in Ukraine has had international order implications, deepening previously existing fault lines between West and East (Leoni & Tzinieris, 2024). As China’s grand strategy does also have an impact on the international order, the conflict in Eastern Europe provides an opportunity to pause and reflect on what this means from a perspective of China’s engagement with the world. While the literature on Chinese grand strategy has been prolific in recent years, lessons from Ukraine have yet to be captured in a systematic manner. Hence, this article examines China’s behaviour in relation to the war in Ukraine to evaluate whether this case study offers valuable insights into China’s grand strategy and foreign policy. The contribution concludes that the war in Ukraine has confirmed that China is not yet willing or capable of taking a role of leadership over international controversies, and thus is not directly challenging US hegemony. However, it is actively seeking to build a sphere of interests that involves non-Western countries and the developing world, as highlighted by our discourse analysis of the communications on the “Ukraine issue” from the Foreign Ministry through its spokespersons. To assess whether there is evidence that the war in Ukraine has provided China with an opportunity to pursue a hegemonic project and whether it has been successful at it so far, the article adopts a critical IR approach and delves into the study of communications by the Chinese Foreign Ministry spokespeople on the “Ukraine issue” as key to building a hegemonic discourse. Articles published from the 24th of February 2022 until the 24th of February 2024 have been extracted from the official website of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China and imported into software for qualitative and mixed methods data analysis to examine keywords’ frequency and correlations.
PEMBERDAYAAN SOSIAL EKONOMI MASYARAKAT MELALUI PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI DAN SERTIFIKASI HALAL MENUJU RE-LAUNCHING DESA AGROWISATA DI BESUR, SEKARAN, LAMONGAN
Authors: Widiastuti Tika , Mardhiyah Dien , Fanani Sunan , Mawardi Imron , Kusuma Aditya , Atiya Nikmatul , Arfiani Ninda , Falah Yusril
Published: June 2024

Keterbatasan Kemampuan Teknologi dan rendahnya pemahaman sertifikasi halal anggota kelompok POKDARWIS membuat Agrowisata Halal Desa Besur belum dapat bangkit pasca pandemi. Oleh karenanya, dibutuhkan oemberdayaan masyarakat pada aspek sosial ekonomi melalui pemanfaatan teknologi dan sertifikasi halal pada produk UMKM (Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah). Permasalahan prioritas yang dihadapi oleh pengelola Agrowisata Halal Desa Besur adalah (1) minimnya penggunaan sosial media oleh Pelaku UMKM dalam mempromosikan produknya, (2) minimnya pemanfaatan teknologi dalam pelaporan keuangan, (3) terbatasnya pemahaman UMKM terkait pentingnya sertifikasi halal, dan (4) Terbatasnya produk UMKM di desa wisata Besur yang sudah memiliki sertifikasi halal. Untuk itu, peneliti melakukan pemberdayaan sosial ekonomi masyarakat melalui pemanfaatan teknologi dan sertifikasi halal. Hal ini untuk mengoptimalkan kesiapan re-launching Agrowisata Halal dalam pemanfaatan teknologi dan peningkatan sertifikasi halal. Pelatihan dan pendampingan yang akan dilaksanakan meliputi: (1) pelatihan penggunaan sosial media untuk promosi, (2) pelatihan pemanfaatan teknologi dalam pelaporan keuangan, (3) sosialisasi pentingnya produk halal dan sertifikasi halal, dan (4) pendampingan produk halal dan ersertifikasi halal. Hasil kegiatan selama kurang lebih dua bulan, di dapatkan peningkatan pemahaman anggota kelompok POKDARWIS dalam pengunaan sosial media pemasaran, pencatatan keuangan dan pemahaman produk halal. Masyarakat Desa besur, utamanya anggota POKDARWIS sudah mampu mengembangkan Desa Agrowisata Besur.
THALASSEMIA LITERACY: INCREASING KNOWLEDGE OF ORPHAN ADOLESCENTS ON THALASSEMIA
Authors: Indiastuti Danti Nur , Doman Zahras Azimuth , Fatimah Nurmawati , Nasution Mhd Zamal , D'Arqom Annette
Published: June 2024

Thalassemia is the most common monogenic disease in Asia, including Indonesia that causes burdens for the government, patients, and families. As the sixth most non-communicable disease, thalassemia utilized IDR 600 billion in 2022 for more than 300 thousand cases. With, 3.8% of Indonesians carrying a mutation of thalassemia on their globin gene, this economic burden is projected will increase if no actions are taken. On the other hand, child marriage is reported to increase every year, including among orphans. Without proper knowledge and genetic testing on thalassemia, child marriage might contribute to the increasing of thalassemia patients. Thus, increasing knowledge on thalassemia among orphan adolescents is important. This community development uses several methods, including seminar, discussion, book, and poster, targeting the orphan adolescents (n= 40) in Mojokerta, East Java. A questionnaire on thalassemia was used to measure the knowledge, before and after the activity. The results show that the respondents have a moderate knowledge about thalassemia (median= 4 (0-9)), and increase to median=9 (3-10)) after the activities (p< 0.001). Even though overall knowledge is increased, several information including thalassemia is a genetic disease, not similar to blood cancer, not the only type of anemia (Q6), and how to diagnose thalassemia (Q9) still need to be emphasized. Taken together, direct and indirect approaches, such as seminar, discussion, book, and poster are effective in increasing thalassemia knowledge among orphan adolescents. These activities are more effective in targeting late adolescents, compared to early and middle adolescents. However, more effective methods are necessary to target Generation Z who are more familiar with the internet.
Yin, Yang, Qi and Five Element Theory as Life Energy Givers
Authors: Archna Agrawal  , Avantika Agrawal
Published: June 2024

According to the theory of yin-yang, everything in this universe is conflictingly and inter relatedly united, deep connected, exchangeable with two opposite dynamics i.e. yang and yin. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) makes heavy use of the five elements principle. The idea of elements, the rule of transmission, and the law of similarity—all of which were common at the time—are said to have served as the foundation for the development of this five elements theory. Most likely, based on the principle of contagiousness the coupling of the internal organs was done. The internally linked organs were divided into five components according to the similarity rule, and theory of five elements was contrasted with a variety of objects, including seasons, colors, tastes, sentiments, and so forth. In this review we have complied this concept also dealing with the types of Qi, the vital energy associated with Yin-Yang in regulating various body functions.
Sustainable synthesis of Fe-MOR zeolite for efficient capture of CO2
Authors: Liu Pei , Wu Qinming , Yan Keping , Wang Liang , Xiao Feng-Shou
Published: June 2024

Selective adsorption of carbon dioxide (CO2) is significant for carbon neutrality, where searching for efficient CO2 adsorbents is very important. In addition, coal fly ash (CFA) is one of the largest industrial solid wastes with environmental damages, where conversion of the wastes into costly functional materials is attractive. This work showed sustainable synthesis of Fe-containing mordenite (Fe-MOR) zeolite from the CFA waste under solvent-free conditions, and this zeolite is an efficient capturer for CO2 in the mixture of CO2/N2 (15/85, v/v), giving adsorption capacity of 2.07 mmol/g and separation coefficient of 58.9 at 298 K. Very interestingly, the capture of CO2 in the mixture of CO2/N2 (15/85, v/v) is recyclable. This work not only solved the accumulation and pollution of CFA but also prepared a highly efficient adsorbent of Fe-MOR zeolite, which would open a door for utilizing environmentally unfriendly solid wastes as value-added functional materials in the future.
X-ray dose effects and strategies to mitigate beam damage in metal halide perovskites under high brilliance X-ray photon sources
Authors: da Silva Francisco M. C. , Szostak Rodrigo , Guaita Maria G. D. , Teixeira Verônica C. , Nogueira Ana F. , Tolentino Hélio C. N.
Published: June 2024

Metal halide perovskites (MHP) suffer from photo-structural-chemical instabilities whose intricacy requires state-of-the-art tools to investigate their properties under various conditions. This study addresses the damage caused by focused X-ray beams on MHP through a correlative multi-technique approach. The damage after high-dose irradiation is noticeable in many ways: the loss of iodine and organic components, whose relative amount is reduced; the formation of an excavated area modifying the sample morphology; and an altered optical reflectivity indicating an optically inactive layer. The damage mechanism combines radiolysis and sputtering processes. Interestingly, the bulk underneath the excavated area maintains the initial halide proportion demonstrated by a stable photoluminescence emission energy. We also show that controlling the beam dose and environment is an excellent strategy to mitigate the dose harm. Hence, we combined a controlled X-ray dose with an inert N2 atmosphere to certify the conditions to probe MHP properties while mitigating damage efficiently. Finally, we applied optimized conditions in an X-ray ptychography experiment, reaching a 15-nm spatial resolution, an outcome that has never been attained in this class of materials.
Leveraging Multi-tissue, Single-Cell Atlases as Tools to Elucidate Shared Mechanisms of Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases
Authors: McLean Anthony K. , Reynolds Gary , Pratt Arthur G.
Published: June 2024

The observation that certain therapeutic strategies for targeting inflammation benefit patients with distinct immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) is exemplified by the success of TNF blockade in conditions including rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis and skin psoriasis, albeit only for subsets of individuals with each condition. This suggests intersecting "nodes" in inflammatory networks at a molecular and cellular level may drive and/or maintain IMIDs, being “shared” between traditionally distinct diagnoses without mapping neatly to a single clinical phenotype. In line with this proposition, integrative tumour tissue analyses in oncology have highlighted novel cell states acting across diverse cancers, with important implications for precision medicine. Drawing upon advances in the oncology field, this narrative review will first summarise learnings from the Human Cell Atlas in health as a platform for interrogating IMID tissues. It will then review cross-disease studies to date that inform this endeavour, before considering future directions in the field.
Characterization of Concentrated Leachate-Activated Char Prepared from Spent Coffee Ground in Slow Pyrolysis
Authors: Almeida Ronei de , Vianna Marcelo Mendes , Lanero Francesco , Lavagnolo Maria Cristina , Sgarbossa Paolo , Bertani Roberta , Quintaes Bianca Ramalho , Bila Daniele Maia , Campos Juacyara Carbonelli
Published: June 2024

The pyrolysis process has emerged as an attractive option for waste treatment. In this technology, inorganic compounds play catalytic effects in the pyrolytic reaction of organic materials, increa-sing the char's yield, porosity, and physicochemical properties. The present research investigates and compares the slow pyrolysis of spent coffee grounds (SCG) using potassium hydroxide (KOH) (weight ratio of 1:1) and landfill leachate membrane concentrate (LLMC) residue (weight ratio of 1:1) as pyrolitic additives. We hypothesized that the high content of alkali and alkaline earth metals in LLMC could enhance the yield or improve the quality of the carbon-based material produced in pyrolysis. This strategy could be a sustainable alternative for valorizing SCG and landfill wastes, replacing catalyzing agents such as steam, CO2, and chemical additives used on an industrial scale. The char yields in slow pyrolysis ranged from 18 to 24%. The SCG had a low specific surface area (4.5 m2 g-1), contrasting with the notable surface areas observed in both ac-tivated chars. In particular, the KOH-activated char displayed a higher surface area than the LLMC-activated char (1960 vs. 1130 m2 g-1). On the other hand, the combustion enthalpy of the LLMC-activated material was estimated at 22 MJ kg-1. This value was 22% higher than the energy enthalpy of SCG and KOH-activated char used for comparison. Our findings confirm that pyrolysis of SCG with KOH produces a microporous material with a high specific surface area. In contrast, the resulting LLMC-activated char demonstrates a higher calorific value. Our findings could contribute to establishing potential industrial applications for SCG and LLMC residues to produce energy and high-value materials.
Effects of Mint Oils on the Human Oral Microbiome: A Pilot Study
Authors: Abdelrahman Samar M. , El Samak Manar , El-Baz Lamis M. F. , Hanora Amro M.S. , Satyal Prabodh , Dosoky Noura S.
Published: June 2024

The oral microbiome is a diverse and complex ecosystem essential for maintaining oral and systemic health. Our study is the first to define the oral microbial community in Egyptian young adults and investigate the effects of natural antimicrobials on the oral microbiome. SuperMint (SM) is a proprietary blend of peppermint, Japanese mint, bergamot mint, and spearmint essential oils encapsulated in a tiny soft beadlet. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of SM beadlets on the oral microbiome. This study recruited twenty healthy participants. A baseline investigation of the oral microbiome of the selected participants was performed by collecting saliva and swab samples before treatment. Treatment included chewing four SM beadlets twice a day for 7 days, and then post-administration saliva and swab samples were collected at the end of treatment. The oral microbiome samples were analyzed by high-throughput amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA gene fragments, and the community composition was determined. The results showed that the abundance of some microbial genera and families decreased after using SM, including Prevotella, Streptococcus, Neisseria, and Haemophilus. However, some genera showed inconsistent patterns. We also found that the subject's gender and SM usage were significantly associated with diverse microbial composition. The results suggest that SM treatment decreased the abundance of several bacteria associated with halitosis and periodontal diseases, such as Actinomyces and Streptococcus. Furthermore, Corynebacterium species increased while Streptococcus decreased after SM usage. More research is needed to fully understand the antimicrobial effects of mint oils and their potential applications in maintaining good oral health.
Investigation of Toughening Mechanisms in Elastomeric PC Blends through Morphological and Mechanical Characterization at Small and Medium Strain Rates
Authors: Rodrigues Pedro Veiga , Ramoa Bruno , Castro Maria Cidália R. , Machado Ana Vera
Published: June 2024

Despite polycarbonate (PC) being a widely used engineering plastic, its notch and crack sensitivity pose challenges in critical applications. To address this, PC was blended with elastomeric polymers to explore the improvement in toughness. This study systematically investigates the toughening mechanisms of PC blended with acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), copolyether ester elas-tomer (COPE), and ABS and styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS) copolymer grafted with maleic anhydride (MA). The morphology and mechanical behavior were evaluated under qua-si-static and high-speed tensile tests and Charpy impact tests using optical, electronic, and atomic force microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The morphological analysis reveals cavitation and crazing phenomena for COPE and SEBS-g-MA systems, and mostly debonding for ABS, indicating an improvement in toughening. While the addition of ABS improves the PC plastic deformation, modifying ABS with maleic anhydride enhances the elastic modulus. Blending PC with SEBS-g-MA increases the strain at break, and the addition of COPE significantly improves the deformation behavior of PC (by around 115%). This comparative study provides valuable insights into the performance of different PC-elastomer blends under similar conditions, supporting the selection of appropriate materials for given applications.