bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The geology of critical battery metals: a spotlight on Co in VMS deposits and Li in pegmatites
Authors: Cawood T K , Peter J M
Published: January 2024

As we move away from a fossil fuel-driven economy, the demand for metals used in energy-dense, rechargeable batteries is increasing; these include cobalt and lithium. Although cobalt is mostly obtained as a by-product from nickel and copper mining, significant
amounts also occur in volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits, of which Canada has many. However, the primary controls on cobalt distribution in VMS deposits are poorly understood, and may be affected by deformation and metamorphism. We show that cobalt can occur in pyrite, which retains its
primary composition through greenschist facies metamorphism; and in pyrrhotite, which expels some cobalt during deformation to form cobaltite crystals. In contrast, most of the global lithium supply is derived from rare metal pegmatites and salars, with pegmatites the most important Canadian source.
Our preliminary results confirm that lithium-bearing pegmatites can form directly during anatexis, as well as from fractional crystallization of large bodies of granitic magma.
Potential role of hippocampal neurogenesis in spinal cord injury induced post-trauma depression
Authors: Ma Ying , Qiao Yue , Gao Xiang
Published: January 2024

It has been reported both in clinic and rodent models that beyond spinal cord injury directly induced symptoms, such as paralysis, neuropathic pain, bladder/bowel dysfunction, and loss of sexual function, there are a variety of secondary complications, including memory loss, cognitive decline, depression, and Alzheimer’s disease. The large-scale longitudinal population-based studies indicate that post-trauma depression is highly prevalent in spinal cord injury patients. Yet, few basic studies have been conducted to address the potential molecular mechanisms. One of possible factors underlying the depression is the reduction of adult hippocampal neurogenesis which may come from less physical activity, social isolation, chronic pain, and elevated neuroinflammation after spinal cord injury. However, there is no clear consensus yet. In this review, we will first summarize the alteration of hippocampal neurogenesis post-spinal cord injury. Then, we will discuss possible mechanisms underlie this important spinal cord injury consequence. Finally, we will outline the potential therapeutic options aimed at enhancing hippocampal neurogenesis to ameliorate depression.
Early identification of stroke through deep learning with multi-modal human speech and movement data
Authors: Ou Zijun , Wang Haitao , Zhang Bin , Liang Haobang , Hu Bei , Ren Longlong , Liu Yanjuan , Zhang Yuhu , Dai Chengbo , Wu Hejun , Li Weifeng , Li Xin
Published: January 2024

JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202501000-00031/figure1/v/2024-12-10T152134Z/r/image-tiff

Early identification and treatment of stroke can greatly improve patient outcomes and quality of life. Although clinical tests such as the Cincinnati Pre-hospital Stroke Scale (CPSS) and the Face Arm Speech Test (FAST) are commonly used for stroke screening, accurate administration is dependent on specialized training. In this study, we proposed a novel multimodal deep learning approach, based on the FAST, for assessing suspected stroke patients exhibiting symptoms such as limb weakness, facial paresis, and speech disorders in acute settings. We collected a dataset comprising videos and audio recordings of emergency room patients performing designated limb movements, facial expressions, and speech tests based on the FAST. We compared the constructed deep learning model, which was designed to process multi-modal datasets, with six prior models that achieved good action classification performance, including the I3D, SlowFast, X3D, TPN, TimeSformer, and MViT. We found that the findings of our deep learning model had a higher clinical value compared with the other approaches. Moreover, the multi-modal model outperformed its single-module variants, highlighting the benefit of utilizing multiple types of patient data, such as action videos and speech audio. These results indicate that a multi-modal deep learning model combined with the FAST could greatly improve the accuracy and sensitivity of early stroke identification of stroke, thus providing a practical and powerful tool for assessing stroke patients in an emergency clinical setting.
ADMIRE Study: Dapagliflozin and Metformin Fixed-dose Combination as Initial Choice of Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Real-world Study
Authors: Phadke Uday , Gopal Jayashree , Biswas Kaushik , Joshi Priyanka , Prasad Ashish , Birla Ashish
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

The use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors with metformin has become one of the preferred therapies for the management of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In this study, we assessed prescribing patterns in T2DM patients who were initiated dapagliflozin and metformin (Dapa-Met) as initial choice fixed dose combination (FDC). We assessed the indications for choosing Dapa-Met FDC and changes in cardiometabolic parameters.

Methods:

In this retrospective analysis, we included T2DM patients with hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) >7% who were initiated with Dapa-Met FDC as initial treatment. Data HbA1C, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial plasma glucose (PPG), weight, systolic blood pressure (BP), and diastolic BP were recorded after 6 months of Dapa-Met FDC.

Results:

In total, data from 485 T2DM patients (mean age: 59.7 ± 9.8 years) were included. The mean duration of diabetes was 6.9 ± 4.7 years. For Dapa-Met FDC, 10 mg and 500 mg were the most preferred strengths. Nearly, 78% of patients required additional antidiabetic drug. Sulphonylureas (50.7%) and dipeptidyl peptidase 4-inhibitors (36.7%) were the most common co-prescribed drugs. Besides glycemia control, Dapa-Met FDC was preferred for weight loss (77.1%) and reducing cardiovascular events and related hospitalizations (46.8%). After 6 months, changes in HbA1C (D - 2.19%, P < 0.0001), FPG (D - 21.4 mg/dL, P < 0.0001), and PPG (D - 37.1 mg/dL, P < 0.0001) were significant. Hypoglycemic events (16.7%) and genitourinary infections (8.9%) were the common adverse events.

Conclusion:

Dapa-Met (10/500 mg) as FDC is effective and safe in Indian patients with T2DM when used as an initial choice treatment for T2DM. Additional antidiabetic therapies may be necessary to achieve glycemic targets.
A Phase III open-label randomized study to compare the efficacy of lenalidomide–rituximab with bendamustine– rituximab in treatment-naïve follicular lymphoma
Authors: Paikaray Sushant Kumar , Gogia Ajay , Kumar Lalit , Sharma Atul , Biswas Ahit Agni , Vishnubhatla Sreeniwas , Mallick Soumya
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

Bendamustine–rituximab (BR) is the preferred regimen for the treatment of naïve follicular lymphoma (FL). Recently, lenalidomide–rituximab (LR), a chemotherapy-free protocol, has shown a good response rate in advanced FL. These regimens have never been compared in a randomized controlled trial for treatment-naïve FL in Indian patients.

Materials and Methods:

This Phase III open-label randomized controlled trial was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of BR and LR. Treatment-naïve patients older than 18 years of age, ECOG PS (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status) ≤2, who were diagnosed with FL (Stages II–IV) were included in this study. Patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive six cycles of BR (bendamustine 90 mg/m2 Days 1–2 and rituximab 375 mg/m2 Day 1) every 4 weeks or LR (lenalidomide 20 mg Days 1–21 and rituximab 375 mg/m2) every 4 weeks. The primary end point was complete response (CR) and secondary end points were overall response rate (ORR) and toxicity.

Result:

We enrolled 40 patients, 20 in each group with a median age of 53 years. The CR rate was 60% and 20% in BR and LR arms, respectively (P = 0.01); however, the ORR was 88.8% and 87.3% in BR and LR arms, respectively (P = 1.0). Anemia (35% versus 10%), skin rash (35% versus 30%), diarrhea (30% versus 10%), vomiting (20% versus 10%), nephrotoxicity (15% versus 0%), and transaminitis (10% versus 0%) were more in LR than in BR, and thrombocytopenia was higher in the BR than in the LR group but statistically not different. All grade toxicities were seen in 90% and 45% in LR and BR, respectively (P = 0.05), but there was no significant difference in Grade 3 or 4 toxicity between the BR and the LR regimens (20% versus 25%).

Conclusion:

The ORR was similar in both the arms; however, the CR rate was significantly higher in the BR arm. BR was better tolerated than LR.

(CTRI/2016/05/006904).
Bovine Lactoferrin and Current Antifungal Therapy Against Candida Albicans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Stella Maureen M. , Soetedjo Robby , Tandarto Kevin , Arieselia Zita , Regina Regina
Published: January 2024

Candida albicans is an important causative organism of opportunistic fungal infection, and it is a growing medical concern due to the increasing usage of broad-spectrum antibiotics, immunosuppressant agents, and other immunocompromising conditions. Currently, bLf and antifungal drugs have been known to have synergistic effects, increasing the drug’s efficacy. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of the synergistic effect of bLf and antifungal drugs. This review addressed the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. We conducted literature searches to assess the association of lactoferrin and current antifungal therapy against Candida albicans in ProQuest, PubMed, MEDLINE, EBSCOhost, SAGE, JSTOR, GARUDA, and Open Gray with no date restriction (until March 5th, 2021). We used Jeffry’s Amazing Statistical Program (JASP) to measure the overall size effect of MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) between studies. A total of 7 studies retained were experimental in vitro studies. Based on the available data, 4 out of 7 studies were included in the quantitative analysis. This systematic review showed that bovine lactoferrin could help inhibit the development of azole-susceptible and azole-resistant C. albicans. Furthermore, there was synergistic activity between lactoferrin and various antifungals. Our meta-analysis showed that lactoferrin could significantly inhibit the C. albicans growth than the control group. Bovine lactoferrin and its peptide derivatives isolated from bovine milk can significantly inhibit the growth of C. albicans, both susceptible to azoles and those with azole resistance.
A Cross-Sectional Study to Evaluate the Alteration of Cytokine Expression and Activation of Inflammatory Pathway in Response to NOD1 and NOD2 Signal in Leprosy
Authors: Hasanoor Reja Abu Hena , De Abhishek , Chakraborty Disha , Ahmed Sk. S. , Sarda Aarti
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

Leprae bacilli are identified as foreign by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) present in the microbes but absent in the host. The Nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor (NLR) family comprises the nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain (NOD1 and NOD2) proteins, which are two well-known PRRs. The objectives of this study were to study the expression of cytoplasmic NOD1 and NOD2 in the pathogenesis of leprosy and the serum level of expressed cytokines and to measure the messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA) expression.

Methods:

Clinically suspected Hansen’s patients were analysed for 4 years. Newly diagnosed leprosy patients were considered leprosy disease control (LDC). The cases with active or new lesions and an increase in Bacteriological index (BI) by at least 2 + after 12 months of completion of Multidrug therapy (MDT) were considered leprosy disease relapse (LDR) cases. Age- and sex-matched healthy individuals served as our control group (healthy control (HC)). enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to measure the concentration of five human cytokines in serum, including three pro-inflammatory cytokines (Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and IL-6), one anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) and one chemokine (IL-8). Quantitative expression of receptor genes (NOD1 and NOD2) and cytokine genes (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-8) was evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (qRT-PCR). We studied NOD1 and NOD2 expression in the tissues through fluorescence immunohistochemistry. Differential NLR intracellular expression on peripheral blood monocytes (PBMs) and their response to stimulation with specific ligands (lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and muramyl dipeptide (MDP)) were studied.

Results:

A significant difference in the expression of the NOD1 gene was observed in unstimulated monocytes of the LDC and LDR cases when compared to HC. The NOD2 transcript level was significantly higher in stimulated monocytes from LDC and LDR patients than in similarly stimulated cells from HC. The LDC patients had a significantly higher level of pro-inflammatory cytokines as compared to the HC.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, this study has demonstrated the expression of both cytokines and chemokines in response to NLR activation in the skin of leprosy patients.
An Observational Study of Dermoscopic and Histopathological Correlation in Spongiotic Disorders - A Hospital Based Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Bhatt Mansi M. , Jamale Varsha , Hussain Asma A. , Ankad Balachandra S. , Nikam Balkrishna P. , Kale Mohan , Shelke Snehal S.
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

Spongiosis is defined as intercellular edema and vesicles in the epidermis. Histopathology is the gold standard for the diagnosis of spongiotic disorders. Clinical diagnosis of eczema is sometimes unclear and confused with other dermatoses; histopathology often shows spongiotic tissue reaction patterns; such conditions are called spongiotic disorders. It is challenging for a dermatologist to make the correct diagnosis noninvasively with a dermoscope and thus we have taken up the study to correlate the dermoscopic and histopathological findings in spongiotic disorders to set dermoscopic criteria for the diagnosis.

Objective:

To study the dermoscopic features of spongiotic disorders and correlate clinical, dermoscopic, and histopathological findings.

Materials and Methods:

Two hundred fifty two patients, with history and clinical presentation suggesting eczema were enrolled. They were classified as Acute (<6 weeks), Subacute (6 weeks to 3 months), and Chronic (>3 months) eczemas based on duration. Dermoscopy and skin biopsy were performed on representative lesions. Data were compiled and statistically analyzed using frequency distribution and Chi-square test.

Results:

We correlated the diagnosis based on acute, subacute, and chronic with three modalities, clinical examination, dermoscopy, and histopathology. On clinical examination, acute (27.4%), subacute (42.9%), and chronic (29.7%) dermatitis. On dermoscopy, acute (28.5%), subacute (40.4%), and chronic (31.1%) dermatitis. On histopathology, acute (29.5%), subacute (44.2%), and chronic (26.3%) spongiosis. A positive correlation of 99%, 96.2%, and 95% was observed on dermoscopy and histopathology, in acute, subacute, and chronic eczemas, respectively. Dermoscopy of acute eczemas showed linear vessels (100%) and red background (100%). White-Clods (98.9%) and excoriation marks (70.1%). Dermoscopy of subacute eczemas showed white scales (99.1%), irregular pigment network (98.3%), vascular changes with irregular dots (97.4%), a brown-white background (93.1%), and black/brown/grey dots (91.4%). Dermoscopy of chronic eczema showed brown-white background (100%), irregular pigment network (100%), and black/brown/grey blotches (100%).

Conclusion:

Definitive dermoscopic patterns are observed consistently with spongiotic diseases and these can be used additionally to set dermoscopic criteria and confirm the diagnosis. Also, dermoscopic findings are well correlated with the already established histopathological features.
Evaluation of Clinical, Hormonal and Ultrasound Parameters of Male Reproductive System in Leprosy: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hegde Manasa , Kanathur Shilpa , Shanmukhappa Asha G. , Srinivas MR
Published: January 2024

Background and Objectives:

Testicular involvement in leprosy is neglected as it is insidious and silent, although it can have an impact on quality of life. Our study aimed at evaluating and estimating the frequency of the hormonal, radiological and clinical parameters in these patients.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted including 31 male leprosy patients attending our OPD. After detailed clinical assessment, patients were subjected to ultrasonological with Doppler examination of the scrotum and hormonal evaluation by ELISA technique for serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinising hormone (LH) and total testosterone.

Results:

Thirty-one patients were included with ages ranging from 19 to 54 with a mean of 34 years. Decreased libido (19.3%) was significantly observed in the abnormal FSH (P < 0.01) and testosterone (P < 0.01) groups. The majority of the clinical findings such as erectile dysfunction, infertility and altered pubic hair pattern were seen in the lepromatous spectrum. Six (19.6%) patients had increased LH and FSH. Twenty-three (74%) had testicular atrophy (<12 ml) as assessed by USG. There was a significant association between the bilateral decreased testicular volumes (TVs) and FSH (P = 0.016 on the left and P < 0.01 on the right). Four of 31 patients had altered testicular echo texture of which two belong to the BL spectrum. The increase in the resistive index (RI) corresponded significantly to the decreased TV (P < 0.01) albeit on the left side only.

Conclusion:

A sizeable proportion (74%) of the study sample had testicular atrophy. The significant association between increased RI and testicular atrophy, especially in patients with infertility, emphasises the ancillary role of Doppler indices in methodical diagnosis. Risk factors noted in the study include increased bacillary index, delayed initiation of treatment and recurrent ENL. Early detection, early initiation of MDT and specific therapies such as testosterone replacement can help improve the quality of life.
Harnessing the Power of Artificial Intelligence in Dermatology: A Comprehensive Commentary
Authors: Kololgi Shreyas P. , Lahari CS
Published: January 2024

This special article provides a comprehensive commentary on the significant role of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of dermatology. It explores the potential of AI in various aspects of dermatologic practice, including diagnosis, treatment planning, research and patient management. The article discusses the current state of AI in dermatology, its challenges and the ethical considerations surrounding its implementation. It highlights the transformative impact of AI on dermatologic care and offers insights into the future directions of AI in the field.
Risk of Nephritis and Recurrence in Kimura Disease: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhang Caiyun , Chen Jun , Hui Yun , Chen Huan , Deng Dequan , Sang Hong , Liu Fang
Published: January 2024

Background:

Kimura disease (KD) presents a diagnostic challenge to clinicians because of its rarity and atypical symptoms in its early stages, and it is difficult to treat and prone to recurrence or involvement of other organs.

Aims and Objectives:

This study aims to investigate the possible relevance of renal involvement and recurrence by analysing the clinical presentations, laboratory results, histopathological features, therapeutic data and follow-up results of KD.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 27 patients diagnosed as KD in two hospitals from January 1999 to December 2021 were analysed retrospectively in this study based on the diagnosis of histopathology.

Results:

KD mainly affected male more than female (8:1) with the onset age ranging from 3 to 58 years (median 29.8 years). The common initial symptoms included subcutaneous soft tissue or lymph node enlargement, non-specific skin lesions and proteinuria. One patient presented cough and expectoration as the first symptoms. KD patients often had high levels of serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and basophils, which exhibited a significantly positive correlation with renal involvement and recurrence (p < 0.05). Early mass resection could prevent the development of nephritis and decrease the risk of relapse (p < 0.05).

Conclusion:

KD should be noted in patients presenting with intractable and relapsing atopic skin lesions and (or) subcutaneous mass. Patients with high levels of serum IgE and blood basophils may be prone to developing KD-associated nephritis and predict a high risk of recurrence. Early surgical removal of the mass may result in a better prognosis.
ERK/MEK Pathway Regulates Th17 Cell Differentiation in Patients with Pemphigus Vulgaris
Authors: Han Kai , Li Song-Shan , Pan Wen , Xu Mei-Nian , Zhong Mei-Zhen , Zhang Wen-Jing , Huang Xiao-Wen , Zeng Kang
Published: January 2024

Background:

T helper (Th) cells are involved in the pathogenesis of pemphigus vulgaris (PV). However, the mechanism still needs more exploration.

Aims:

This study aimed to evaluate the molecular mechanism of the dysregulation of Th17 cells in the peripheral blood of patients with PV.

Materials and Methods:

Serum levels of IL-17 and anti-Dsg3 titres in patients with PV were analysed using ELISA. The mRNA expression of retinoic acid orphan receptor γt (RORγt) in CD4+ T cells was detected using reverse transcription–quantitative PCR (qPCR). The number of Th17 cells was examined using flow cytometry. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescent staining were also performed to investigate the expression levels of ERK/MAPK signalling proteins and Th17 lineage-associated proteins.

Results:

The proportion of Th17 cells and Th17 spectrum-associated proteins (p-STAT3, RORγt and IL-17) were upregulated in CD4+ cells in PV patients. The increased transcriptional levels of RORγt and IL-17 correlated positively with the severity of PV. Elevated phosphorylation of the ERK signalling factors was found in the collected CD4+ T cells in PV patients. The inhibition of the ERK signalling pathway significantly reduced the differentiation of Th17 cells in PV patients in vitro.

Conclusion:

Th17 cells are essential in the dysregulation of PV, and ERK signalling is involved in Th17-type immunity and promotes the development of PV. The study here provides us with a potential therapeutic target for PV.
An update on the ocular manifestations of dengue
Authors: Wang Christina , Castillo Arturo , Cortes-Bejarano Federico , Lopez Eduardo , de Souza Eduardo Cunha , Wu Lihteh
Published: January 2024

Dengue is the most common arboviral disease. It is typically spread by the bite of an infected female Aedes aegypti or Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. Dengue is endemic in subtropical and tropical regions, but its geographic reach keeps expanding. Ophthalmic manifestations of dengue are common and may present with a wide spectrum of ophthalmic findings. These may range from conjunctival petechiae, retinal hemorrhage, retinal vasculitis to panophthalmitis. Some of these may be vision threatening and may require urgent ophthalmic evaluation. The precise pathophysiologic mechanisms involved in dengue infection involve a complex interplay between host immune responses, virus, and host genes. There is no specific treatment for ocular dengue. Therefore, treatment is supportive. Despite the lack of proven efficacy, corticosteroids have been used in vision-threatening dengue-related ocular complications. Dengue must be considered in endemic areas, and a careful travel history needs to be elicited in nonendemic areas.
Resurgence of orbital mucormycosis during COVID-19 pandemic: Study from a tertiary care center in Eastern India
Authors: Chakraborty Soumen , Satty Satish Reddy , Sahu Badal Kumar , Ray Soumya
Published: January 2024

PURPOSE:

A sudden surge of Mucormycosis cases during the second wave of Covid 19 was observed in certain parts of India. The reasons for this upsurge remain unknown. However its impact on the overall healthcare system was quite overwhelming. In this context this study was decided to estimate and assess the spectrum of orbital involvement in patients with Mucormycosis, to find its association with coexisting disease entities if any, and at the same time evaluate the therapeutic response to established treatment regimens.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This descriptive longitudinal study was conducted over a period of six months. Patients presenting with symptoms of Mucormycosis were jointly evaluated by a multi speciality team. After confirmation of diagnosis, patients were treated with intravenous Amphotericin B, surgical debridement of affected sinuses and orbital exenteration when indicated. They were followed up for three months after discharge.

RESULTS:

Forty-three patients were enrolled in this study. Thirty-seven (86.04%) were COVID positive. All of them had history of steroid exposure during COVID treatment. Ninety five percent of study participants had diabetes mellitus. Twenty-seven (62.79%) patients had orbital involvement. Most common clinical presentation was peri-orbital or facial pain and edema. Besides medical treatment, thirty-nine patients (90.69%) required sinus debridement and nine patients (20.9%) required orbital exenteration. Thirteen patients (30.23%) expired during the follow up period. With treatment disease regressed in twenty patients (46.51%).

CONCLUSION:

Diabetes and use of steroids to prevent anticipated cytokine storm may be the inciting factors for Orbital Mucormycosis in COVID patients. Early diagnosis, treatment and control of risk factors are keys for recovery and survival..
Key performance indicators-based monitoring, measuring progress and ranking of Aspirational Districts
Authors: Gautam Amit Kumar , Kumar Yadav Yogesh
Published: January 2024

The Aspirational District Program (ADP) is an effort to transform those districts which are lacking in development. It focuses on each district's strengths, identifies areas for quick development, and tracks advancement by rating districts regularly. By competing with and learning from others in the spirit of competitive & cooperative federalism, districts are pushed and encouraged to first catch up with the best district within their state, and then aim to become one of the best in the nation. The government's "Sabka Saath Sabka Vikas aur Sabka Vishwas" initiative aims to improve residents' quality of life while promoting inclusive growth. The ADP fundamentally aims to localise the Sustainable Development Goals, resulting in national advancement. In this paper we have described the delta rankings, Key performance Indicators (KPI) and the effects on development of aspirational districts.  The delta ranking of the Aspirational Districts combines the innovative use of data with pragmatic administration, keeping the district at the locus of inclusive development.
Transitivity of normal subgroups of the mapping class groups on character varieties
Authors: Marché Julien , Wolff Maxime
Published: January 2024

We prove that the action of any non-trivial normal subgroup of the mapping class group of a closed surface of genus

g\geqslant 2

is almost minimal on the character variety

X(\pi_{1}\Sigma_{g},\mathrm{SU}_{2})

: the orbit of almost every point is dense.
Effective computations for weakly optimal subvarieties
Authors: Binyamini Gal , Daw Christopher
Published: January 2024

Ren and the second author established that the weakly optimal subvarieties (e.g. maximal weakly special subvarieties) of a subvariety

V

of a Shimura variety arise in finitely many families. In this article, we refine this theorem by (1) constructing a finite collection of algebraic families whose fibres are precisely the weakly optimal subvarieties of

V

; (2) obtaining effective degree bounds on the weakly optimal locus and its individual members; (3) describing an effective procedure to determine the weakly optimal locus.
Khovanov homology and the cinquefoil
Authors: Baldwin John A. , Hu Ying , Sivek Steven
Published: January 2024

We prove that Khovanov homology with coefficients in

\Z/2\Z

detects the

(2,5)

torus knot. Our proof makes use of a wide range of deep tools in Floer homology, Khovanov homology, and Khovanov homotopy. We combine these tools with classical results on the dynamics of surface homeomorphisms to reduce the detection question to a problem about mutually braided unknots, which we then solve with computer assistance.
О задаче Дирихле
Authors: Gushchin Anatolii Konstantinovich
Published: January 2024

За почти два века, которые прошли с постановки Гауссом задачи Дирихле для уравнения Лапласа, этой тематике и различным ее обобщениям посвящены исследования многих известных математиков. Получено много интересных и важных, ставших уже классическими результатов. Настоящая работа является расширенным изложением доклада автора на международной конференции, посвященной столетию со дня рождения В. С. Владимирова. Основным ее содержанием является обзор результатов в этом направлении, включающий в себя доказательства новых утверждений и обсуждение нерешенных задач. Целью является убедить читателя в том, что даже в случае линейного уравнения в этой "основной" задаче математической физики далеко не все известно: в этом направлении имеется много интересных и важных нерешенных вопросов.
Существование энтропийного решения нелинейной эллиптической задачи в неограниченной области
Authors: Kozhevnikova Larisa Mikhailovna
Published: January 2024

Рассматривается квазилинейное эллиптическое уравнение второго порядка с суммируемой правой частью. Ограничения на структуру уравнения формулируются в терминах обобщенной $N$-функции. В нерефлексивных пространствах Музилака-Орлича-Соболева в произвольной неограниченной строго липшицевой области доказано существование энтропийного решения задачи Дирихле.
AI-Based Virtual Sensing of Gaseous Pollutant Emissions at the
Tailpipe of a High-Performance Vehicle
Authors: Giovannardi Emanuele , Brusa Alessandro , Petrone Boris , Cavina Nicolò , Tonelli Roberto , Kitsopanidis Ioannis
Published: January 2024

This scientific publication presents the application of artificial intelligence
(AI) techniques as a virtual sensor for tailpipe emissions of CO, NOx, and HC in
a high-performance vehicle. The study aims to address critical challenges faced
in real industrial applications, including signal alignment and signal dynamics
management. A comprehensive pre-processing pipeline is proposed to tackle these
issues, and a light gradient-boosting machine (LightGBM) model is employed to
estimate emissions during real driving cycles. The research compares two
modeling approaches: one involving a unique “direct model” and another using a
“two-stage model” which leverages distinct models for the engine and the
aftertreatment. The findings suggest that the direct model strikes the best
balance between simplicity and accuracy. Furthermore, the study investigates two
sensor setups: a standard configuration and an optimized one, which incorporates
an additional lambda probe in the exhaust line after the main catalyst. The
results indicate a significant enhancement in performance for NOx and CO
estimations with the introduction of the third lambda probe, while HC results
remain relatively unchanged. Additionally, the AI model is tested on two
different electronic control unit (ECU) software calibrations, yielding
excellent results in both cases. This suggests that machine learning models are
robust to control software variation and can be used to optimize software
calibrations in a virtual environment, reducing the reliance on extensive
experimental testing. Moreover, the AI model’s performance demonstrates
compatibility with real-time implementation. In conclusion, this work
establishes the viability and efficiency of AI techniques in accurately
estimating tailpipe emissions from an engine in an industrial context. The study
showcases the potential for AI to contribute to emission estimation and
optimization processes, offering a promising pathway for an innovative
industrial practice.
Krótkie trwanie zapomnianego Prywatnego Gimnazjum Realnego w Skałacie (1911–1914)
Authors: Stinia Maria
Published: January 2024

The short life of the forgotten Private Realgymnasium in Skalat (1911–1914)

The private secondary school (Realgymnasium) in Skalat operated from 1911 to 1914, and had good financial backing and support from the local community. It filled an educational gap in a district that was poorly connected to other cities. In the gymnasium Jewish students dominated quantitatively over Roman Catholics and a small group of Greek Catholics. The collection of teaching resources was systematically increased and a number of educational activities were undertaken, a school orchestra was formed, a program of excursions was developed, and a scout troop was supported. The school’s existence was brought to an end by World War I and the difficult post-war situation. It exemplified the emancipation aspirations of students coming from a provincial town, especially of Jewish origin.
Przemyskie obrady VIII Zjazdu Związku Muzeów w Polsce, 18–19 września 1932
Authors: Szyszkowski Błażej
Published: January 2024

The 8th Convention of the Association of Museums in Poland on 18-19 September 1932 in Przemyśl

On 18-19 September 1932 in Przemyśl, on the initiative of Kazimierz Osiński, head of the National Museum of the Przemyśl Region, the Association of Museums in Poland organized the 8th Convention of the Delegates of the Association of Museums in Poland. 40 participants from all over Poland took part in the convention: representatives of museums, conservators and ministry officials. During the meeting, current museological issues were discussed, e.g. problems and concepts of a regional museum (Rules and Regulations of the Regional Museum Section were adopted) and protection of sacred monuments. The major point on the agenda, however, was passing a bill of the law on protection of public museums and an executive directive to that law. Papers were delivered by delegates Józef Kupka, Jan Lauterbach, Rev. Stefan Momidłowski and Kazimierz Osiński. The Convention was complete with a concert of the orchestra of the Przemyśl Musical Society and a tour of the town’s museums and monuments (the National Museum of the Przemyśl Region, the Diocesan Museum and the Krasiczyn Castle). The event considerably enhanced the reputation of Przemyśl in the Polish museum world.
Kroniki parafialne jako źródło do badań społeczności lokalnych na obszarze Galicji
Authors: Więch Arkadiusz Stanisław
Published: January 2024

Parish chronicles as a source for researching local communities in Galicia Parish chronicles are extremely significant and interesting source materials for examining the history of local communities in former Galicia. The author presents the requirements parish chronicles had to meet in the Galicia period as well as discussing their usual content, referring to examples from various chronicles.
Fotografie Alfreda Silkiewicza ze zbioru Karola Lanckorońskiego wykonane z okazji wizyty arcyksięcia Rudolfa w Tarnopolu jako przykład materiałów źródłowych do badań dziejów Galicji i jej mieszkańców
Authors: Korczyński Adam , Skotniczna Ewa
Published: January 2024

Alfred Silkiewicz’s photographs from the collection of Karol Lanckoroński taken during Archduke Rudolph’s visit to Ternopil as an example of source materials for researching the history of Galicia and its inhabitants

In 1929 Karol Lanckoroński (1848–1933) donated his collection of scientific photographs to the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences. Among the photographs of works of art and archeological relics in that collection we can also find prints of ethnographic nature, including photographs by Alfred Silkiewicz, a photographer with connections in Ternopil. On 6 July 1887 the heir to the throne Archduke Rudolph visited Ternopil and saw an ethnographic exhibition designed specially for his visit in the municipal garden. The central figures of the exhibition were residents of minor towns of Eastern Galicia brought to Ternopil, dressed in regional costumes. The text focuses on the circumstances of taking those photographs and on their significance as a source for researching the history of Galicia and its residents.
W imieniu praw Korony Św. Wacława. Memoriał ks. Václava Štulca do premiera hrabiego Alfreda Józefa Potockiego z 1870 r.
Authors: Chrobak Łukasz
Published: January 2024

In the name of the rights of the Crown of St Wenceslaus.

An 1870 memorandum |by Rev. Václav Štulc to the Prime Minister Alfred Józef Potocki Reverend Václav Štulc, a Czech independence activist, a Polonophile, was pretty familiar with aristocratic elites in Galicia. He maintained particularly close contacts with princes Lubomirski from Przeworsk. After the Austrian Empire had turned into the dualistic Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, he joined the circle of those Czechs who wanted Vienna to acknowledge their aspirations to independence or grant them the status of the third power in the country next to Austria and Hungary. Štulc wrote a sort of a memorandum to Alfred Józef Potocki, the then Prime Minister in the Austrian government, requesting his support for the Czech efforts. In that letter he justified the legitimacy of establishing Austria-Hungary-Bohemia and he warned against Czech separatism which could turn towards Germany or Russia, which could bring about a serious military conflict.
Fryderyk Papée (1856–1940). Lwowski i krakowski bibliotekarz
Authors: Uliasz Adrian
Published: January 2024

Fryderyk Papée (1856–1940). The librarian of Lviv and Kraków

The paper presents an eminent Polish librarian and historian Fryderyk Papée (1856–1940). He was a long-time staff member and later deputy head of the University Library in Lviv. In the years 1905–1926 he was the head of the Jagiellonian Library in Kraków. The paper discusses Papée’s services as a reformer of those two libraries as well as the Library of the Polish Academy of Sciences and the Czartoryski Library in Kraków. The author also presents Papée’s contribution to erecting new buildings of the University Library in Lviv and the Jagiellonian Library.
Karol Monné (1818–1905) w testamencie o sobie i swojej rodzinie
Authors: Zaraska Leszek
Published: January 2024

Karol Monné (1818–1905) on himself and his family

The article is a critical edition of the memoirs of Karol Monné, a figure of great merit for Przemyśl, city councilor, railway inspector, a participant of the January Uprising, member of many associations and institutions, finally father of Wanda Monné – poet, translator and sculptor, fiancée of artist Artur Grottger. This document, never published before, is a valuable source of information about Karol Monné’s youth, the circumstances in which he got his education, his social and professional activities before he settled permanently in Przemyśl, and above all, his failed marriage to Wanda’s mother – Kordula Wentz. The author pays particular attention to Joanna Przybysławska, with whom Karol became involved after parting with Kordula, as well as to his children from that relationship. The published source can be treated as an important contribution to the biography of Karol Monné, which has not yet been developed.
Personal și impersonal în educație – cadrul online. Perspective perceptuale și abordări creativ adaptative
Authors:   University of Arts Târgu Mureş, Herescu Alina Simona
Published: January 2024

"Like any other new phenomenon, online education first generated a resistance attitude and scared people. Then, by acceptance, it triggered creative mechanisms of adaptation, evolution and transformation. The old structures are not lost, they are becoming new approaches, new solutions adapted and improved, even innovative, which are propelling us to a new evolution phase. We remove the premise that the phenomena are neutral. The differences are given by the subject (who), by the perceptual horizon – which determines the approach (how), by the intent - purpose, meaning. We can use the same method to determine the meaning of personal and impersonal."
Nevoia de soluții didactice imediate în situații de epidemie/pandemie şi evaluarea on-line
Authors:   University of Arts Târgu Mureş, Ardelean Ioan
Published: January 2024

"Are we going to sink or swim together? Here's a question that many of us had to answer with the epidemic outbreak/pandemic outbreak. Now that everything is so degradable when the emphasis is more productivity and profit, now that time is money, now that the most to suffer are science, research, intellectual activities, etc., being a teacher is not a job, is a gift. The theater is a system of conventions where we try to build a world parallel to the real one. It is not a reality, but a game with the reality in which, what is shown is at the same time denied. The stage convention calls for a plausible lie, more precisely, self-delusional. There is an ability to self-illusion that originates in our depths. Freud makes the association between self-illusion and the spectator-specific dream state, implicitly to the one who accepts the convention. Through the ability to illusion, to lie credibly, theatre acquires a therapeutic function"
Beseda Jakova Seruškog „O ljubavi“
Authors:   University of East Sarajevo, St Basil of Ostrog Orthodox Theological Faculty, Foča, Erić Boško
Published: January 2024

Memres represent sermons in verses, created on the basis of the Eucharistic experience, addressed to a specific liturgical community. One of the most famous writers of these sermons is Bishop Jakov of Serushe, who is characterized by poems that touch on the deepest theological and ontological topics. In one of this memoirs, the central theme is love, but love understood as the way of existence of both God and man, in the christological key, manifested in the most direct soteriology consequences. In the annex to the paper, the author provides a translation of Memra 26, which is titled with the words About Love.
Innovative Risk Management: Identification, Assessment and Management of Risks in the Context of Innovative Project Management
Authors: Ponomarenko Alina Pomaza-
Published: January 2024

"The article aims to solve the critical problem of risk management in the context of innovative projects, which affects the competitiveness and sustainability of organizations in the modern business environment. The purpose of the article is to highlight and develop an innovative approach to risk management in innovative projects to improve their success. The article examines the theoretical foundations of risk management in the context of innovative projects, including concepts, principles, and methods of risk management. The article identifies and analyzes the key risks that arise in the process of implementing innovative projects, including technological, financial, market and organizational risks. The article proposes the development of risk assessment methods and tools in the context of innovative projects, which may include the use of analytical methods, models, and approaches to assess the probability of risk occurrence and their potential impact on projects. The article offers effective methods of risk management in innovative projects the development of proactive measures to prevent risks, the determination of control points, the implementation of backup plans, and the development of a risk monitoring and control system. The article provides practical recommendations and examples of implementing innovative risk management in the real field of innovative project management. The authors examine various aspects of risk management and offer practical recommendations for managing them effectively. The results of the study will contribute to the improvement of risk management practices in organizations engaged in innovative activities and contribute to ensuring sustainable development and competitiveness."
The Investigation of the Fermentative, Chemical and Microbial Effects of Grape and Tangerine Pomace Added to High Moisture Alfalfa Silage
Authors: Gümüş Erinç , Ünal Yücel , Yavuz Musa , Sırakaya Selim , Sevim Behlül , Ayaşan Tugay
Published: January 2024

This study investigated the impact of grape pulp (GRP) and tangerine pulp (TNP) supplementation (10% each) on alfalfa silage quality. The control silage received no additives. After a two-month fermentation period, silage samples were analyzed for chemical composition, fermentation quality, microflora, and organic acids. According to our results, both silage additives effectively lowered pH levels and isobutyric acid, while increased Fleig score and lactic acid levels compared to control group. However, GRP supplementation significantly increased the levels of crude protein (CP), yeast-mold colony count, and butyric acid levels. Conversely, TNP supplementation resulted in higher levels of water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC), valeric acid and lower acetic acid levels in the alfalfa silage samples. In conclusion, both GRP and TNP supplements have distinct effects on the chemical composition, silage quality, microflora, and organic acid profiles of alfalfa silage. These findings provide valuable insights into optimizing alfalfa silage production and its utilization in animal nutrition. Further research could explore optimal inclusion rates and potential synergistic effects with other additives to enhance silage quality.
Determinantes de la inflación en alimentos: La evidencia reciente
Authors: Martínez Chapa Oshiel , Salazar Castillo Jorge Eduardo , Quispe Aruquipa Saul Roberto
Published: January 2024

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar la inflación de los alimentos en forma específica. La investigación es de tipo descriptiva y emplea estadística descriptiva y un modelo econométrico. Los datos empleados tienen una periodicidad mensual y proceden del Índice de Precio de Alimentos que publica la Organización Mundial de la Alimentación (FAO, por sus siglas en inglés) para el periodo 1990-2023 y del Banco Mundial para el periodo 2000-2023. La hipótesis planteada es que la inflación en los alimentos muestra un patrón acentuado debido a fenómenos como la interrupción en la cadena de suministro internacional derivados de la epidemia del Covid 19 y la guerra de Rusia-Ucrania del 2022. Los resultados muestran un patrón de crecimiento en los precios observados en diferentes países y constituye una de las mayores preocupaciones para el grueso de la población. La conclusión es que los gobiernos deben actuar a partir de impulsar la producción de alimentos en lo posible, además de otras medidas contingentes.
Aspects of Heuristic Method of Forming and Assessing the Plan of Contractor Works
Authors: Oleynik Pavel , Kazaryan Ruben , Doroshin Ivan , Bilonda Tregubova Elen
Published: January 2024

Background: In market conditions, approaches to planning construction operations have fundamentally changed, forcing construction companies to independently form production plans for contract work, seek financial resources and purchase means of production. Objective: Is to select and justify the optimal technology that are in good agreement with the level of information systems of construction companies. Methods: Studies have been carried out using general scientific methods - system analysis, logical and mathematical modeling, systems theory, as well as methods of operations research and economic and mathematical methods, economic-visual modeling, research methods of operations. Results: The necessity of reducing the problem of efficiency criteria and limitations to a system-target model based on the structure hierarchy of the system under study and the corresponding modeling of the reconstructed system of creating a sound statistical choice. Conclusion: The elements of multicriteria and system optimization methods, simulation modeling, etc. used in the formation of contract work plans do not allow obtaining rational decisions due to the lack of complete and reliable information. The whole process of planning, and especially the mechanism of annual (current) planning, has become much In this regard, it is advisable to use heuristic approaches.