bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria and its consequences in pregnancy in a rural community of Bangladesh
Authors: Ullah M. Anayet , Barman A. , Siddique M.A. , Haque A.K.M.E.
Published: October 2008

This was a cross-sectional followed by cohort type of study conducted among the pregnant mothers of second trimester in the rural areas of Rajshahi district. Initially 1800 pregnant mothers of second trimester were selected from 18 unions applying 2-stage random sampling. A total of 216 pregnant mothers with asymptomatic bacteriuria were paired among the rest of the healthy pregnant mothers (without bacteriuria) on the basis of age, gravida and economic status for cohort study to relate asymptomatic bacteriuria with the incidence of symptomatic bacteriuria, hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP) and pre-term delivery. The matched paired pregnant mothers were followed monthly interval up to delivery. The prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria was 12% among the pregnant mothers in rural Rajshahi. E.Coli was the commonest causative agent of both asymptomatic and symptomatic bacteriuria. The results of this study suggest that asymptomatic bacteriuria were more prone to develop symptomatic bacteriuria, hypertensive disorders in pregnancy and pre-term delivery than that of the healthy mothers (without bacteriuria). Screening of bacteriuria in pregnancy and proper treatment must be considered as an essential part of antenatal care in this rural community.Keywords: Bacteriuria; Bangladesh; Pregnancy; RuralDOI: 10.3329/bmrcb.v33i2.1206Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2007; 33: 60-64
Therapeutic ERCP
Authors: Alam A.H.M. Towhidul , Khan Zulfiqar Rahman
Published: October 2008

DOI: 10.3329/bmrcb.v33i2.1210Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2007; 33: 78-79
Broad-Spectrum Drugs Against Viral Agents
Authors: Christopher Mary , Wong Jonathan
Published: October 2008

Development of antivirals has focused primarily on vaccines and on treatments for specific viral agents. Although effective, these approaches may be limited in situations where the etiologic agent is unknown or when the target virus has undergone mutation, recombination or reassortment. Augmentation of the innate immune response may be an effective alternative for disease amelioration. Nonspecific, broad-spectrum immune responses can be induced by double-stranded (ds)RNAs such as poly (ICLC), or oligonucleotides (ODNs) containing unmethylated deocycytidyl-deoxyguanosinyl (CpG) motifs. These may offer protection against various bacterial and viral pathogens regardless of their genetic makeup, zoonotic origin or drug resistance.
Pyrolysis of Softwood Carbohydrates in a Fluidized Bed Reactor
Authors: Aho Atte , Kumar Narendra , Eränen Kari , Holmbom Bjarne , Hupa Mikko , Salmi Tapio , Murzin Dmitry Yu.
Published: October 2008

In the present work pyrolysis of pure pine wood and softwood carbohydrates, namely cellulose and galactoglucomannan (the major hemicellulose in coniferous wood), was conducted in a batch mode operated fluidized bed reactor. Temperature ramping (5°C/min) was applied to the heating until a reactor temperature of 460 °C was reached. Thereafter the temperature was kept until the release of non-condensable gases stopped. The different raw materials gave significantly different bio-oils. Levoglucosan was the dominant product in the cellulose pyrolysis oil. Acetic acid was found in the highest concentrations in both the galactoglucomannan and in the pine wood pyrolysis oils. Acetic acid is most likely formed by removal of O-acetyl groups from mannose units present in GGM structure.
Inhibition of Citrinin Production in Penicillium citrinum Cultures by Neem [Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Meliaceae)]
Authors: Mossini Simone Aparecida Gallerani , Kemmelmeier Carlos
Published: October 2008

The efficacy of different concentrations of aqueous neem leaf extract (3.12 to 50 mg/mL) on growth and citrinin production in three isolates of Penicillium citrinum was investigated under laboratory conditions. Mycotoxin production by the isolates was suppressed, depending on the concentration of the plant extract added to culture media at the time of spore inoculation. Citrinin production in fungal mycelia grown for 21 days in culture media containing 3.12 mg/mL of the aqueous extract of neem leaf was inhibited by approximately 80% in three isolates of P. citrinum. High-performance liquid chromatography was performed to confirm the spectrophotometric results. Vegetative growth was assessed, but neem extract failed to inhibit it. Neem leaf extract showed inhibition of toxin production without retardation in fungal mycelia growth.
The Effects of Heat Treatment on the Physical Properties and Surface Roughness of Turkish Hazel (Corylus colurna L.) Wood
Authors: Korkut Derya Sevim , Korkut Süleyman , Bekar Ilter , Budakçı Mehmet , Dilik Tuncer , Çakıcıer Nevzat
Published: October 2008

Heat treatment is often used to improve the dimensional stability of wood. In this study, the effects of heat treatment on the physical properties and surface roughness of Turkish Hazel (Corylus colurna L.) wood were examined. Samples obtained from Kastamonu Forest Enterprises, Turkey, were subjected to heat treatment at varying temperatures and for different durations. The physical properties of heat-treated and control samples were tested, and oven-dry density, air-dry density, and swelling properties were determined. A stylus method was employed to evaluate the surface characteristics of the samples. Roughness measurements, using the stylus method, wereb made in the direction perpendicular to the fiber. Four main roughness parameters, mean arithmetic deviation of profile (Ra), mean peak-to-valley height (Rz), root mean square roughness (Rq), and maximum roughness (Ry) obtained from the surface of wood were used to evaluate the effect of heat treatment on the surface characteristics of the specimens. Significant difference was determined (p = 0.05) between physical properties and surface roughness parameters (Ra,Rz, Ry, Rq) for three temperatures and three durations of heat treatment. The results showed that the values of density, swelling and surface roughness decreased with increasing temperature treatment and treatment times. Turkish Hazel wood could be utilized successfully by applying proper heat treatment techniques without any losses in investigated parameters. This is vital in areas, such as window frames, where working stability and surface smoothness are important factors.
Inhibition of Tissue Factor Expression in Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells by Nanoparticles Loading NF-κB Decoy Oligonucleotides
Authors: Wang Huafang , Hu Yu , Guo Tao , Mei Heng , Zhang Xiaoping , Sun Wangqiang
Published: October 2008

To investigate a nuclear factor-kappa B decoy oligonucleotides strategy on the inhibition of tissue factor (TF) expression in cultured rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) by polylactic acid (PLA) nanoparticles delivery system and to evaluate this new vector for in vitro gene therapy. Nanoparticles were formulated using poly D,L-polylactic acid with surface modifying by polysorbates 80. 3-[4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2,5-diphenyl- 2H-tetrazolium bromide] (MTT) assays showed that PLA nanoparticles were not toxic to the cultured BMECs.The decoy oligonuceotides (ODNs) loaded within nanoparticles was 6 μg/mg, encapsulation efficacy was (60.5±1.5)%. It was observed by flow cytometry that the cellular uptake of nanoparticles depended on the time of incubation and the concentration of nanoparticles in the medium. And confocal microscopy demonstrated that nanoparticles localized mostly in the BMECs cytoplasm. The released decoy oligonuceotides (ODNs) uptaked by BMECs retained their biologic activity and led to reduced level of tissue factor expression as compared to control cultures. These findings offer a potential therapeutic strategy in the control of TF expression in BMECs in vitro and suggest that PLA nanoparticles may be appropriate as delivery vehicles for decoy strategy in the gene therapy of cerebral thrombosis.
NMR Spectra of Sparteine N1-oxide and α-Isosparteine N-oxide
Authors: Jasiewicz Beata
Published: October 2008

Sparteine N1-oxide and α-isosparteine N-oxide were prepared and theirstructures determined for the first time by 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy using twodimensionaltechniques. The N-oxide effects were also calculated.
Design and Synthesis of Novel N-Benzylidenesulfonohydrazide Inhibitors of MurC and MurD as Potential Antibacterial Agents
Authors: Frlan Rok , Kovač Andreja , Blanot Didier , Gobec Stanislav , Pečar Slavko , Obreza Aleš
Published: October 2008

A series of novel N-benzylidenesulfonohydrazide compounds were designedand synthesized as inhibitors of UDP-N-acetylmuramic acid:L-alanine ligase (MurC) andUDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine:D-glutamate ligase (MurD) from E. coli, involved inthe biosynthesis of bacterial cell-walls. Some compounds possessed inhibitory activityagainst both enzymes with IC50 values as low as 30 μM. In addition, a new, one-potsynthesis of amidobenzaldehydes is reported.
Efficacy of DA-7218, a New Oxazolidinone Prodrug, in the Treatment of Experimental Actinomycetoma Produced by Nocardia brasiliensis
Authors: Espinoza-González Nelly Alejandra , Welsh Oliverio , De Torres Noemi Waksman , Cavazos-Rocha Norma , Ocampo-Candiani Jorge , Said-Fernandez Salvador , Lozano-Garza Gerardo , Choi Sung-Hak , Vera-Cabrera Lucio
Published: October 2008

Two recently synthesized oxazolidinones: (R)-3-(4-(2-(2-methyltetrazol-5-yl)-pyridin-5-yl)-3-fluorophenyl)-5-hydroxymethyloxazolidin-2-one (DA-7157) and itscorresponding pro-drug (R)-3-(4-(2-(2-methyltetrazol-5-yl)-pyridin-5-yl)-3-fluorophenyl)-2-oxo-5-oxazolidinyl) methyl disodium phosphate (DA-7218), have shown very goodactivity against several Gram positive bacteria, including Nocardia and Mycobacterium. Inthe present work we evaluated the therapeutic in vivo effects of DA-7218 on Nocardiabrasiliensis. We first determined the plasma concentration of the prodrug in BALB/c miceusing several doses and then tested its activity in an in vivo experimental actinomycetomamurine model. At the end of treatment, there was a statistically significant differencebetween the three drug receiving groups (25, 12.5 and 5 mg/kg) and the control group(saline solution) (p=0.001), proving that DA-7218 is effective for the treatment of experimental murine actinomycetoma. This compound could be a potential option forpatients affected with mycetoma by Nocardia brasiliensis.
Antiparkinson Prodrugs
Authors: Di Stefano Antonio , Sozio Piera , Cerasa Laura Serafina
Published: October 2008

Parkinson`s disease (PD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disorder whichinvolves the loss of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta. Currenttherapy is essentially symptomatic, and L-Dopa (LD), the direct precursor of dopamine(DA), is the treatment of choice in more advanced stages of the disease. Substitutiontherapy with LD is, however, associated with a number of acute problems. The peripheralconversion of LD by amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) to DA is responsible for thetypical gastrointestinal (nausea, emesis) and cardiovascular (arrhythmia, hypotension) sideeffects. To minimize the conversion to DA outside the central nervous system (CNS) LD isusually given in combination with peripheral inhibitors of AADC (carbidopa andbenserazide). In spite of that, other central nervous side effects such as dyskinesia, on-offphenomenon and end-of-dose deterioration still remain. The main factors responsible forthe poor bioavailability and the wide range of inter- and intra-patient variations of plasmalevels are the drug’s physical-chemical properties: low water and lipid solubility, resultingin unfavourable partition, and the high susceptibility to chemical and enzymaticdegradation. In order to improve the bioavailability, the prodrug approach appeared to bethe most promising and some LD prodrugs have been prepared in an effort to solve theseproblems. We report here a review of progress in antiparkinson prodrugs, focusing onchemical structures mainly related to LD, DA and dopaminergic agonists.
Unexpected Reduction of Ethyl 3-Phenylquinoxaline-2- carboxylate 1,4-Di-N-oxide Derivatives by Amines
Authors: Lima Lidia M. , Vicente Esther , Solano Beatriz , Pérez-Silanes Silvia , Aldana Ignacio , Monge Antonio
Published: October 2008

The unexpected tendency of amines and functionalized hydrazines to reduceethyl 3-phenylquinoxaline-2-carboxylate 1,4-di-N-oxide (1) to afford a quinoxaline 1c andmono-oxide quinoxalines 1a and 1b is described. The experimental conditions werestandardized to the use of two equivalents of amine in ethanol under reflux for two hours,with the aim of studying the distinct reductive profiles of the amines and thechemoselectivity of the process. With the exception of hydrazine hydrate, which reducedcompound 1 to a 3-phenyl-2-quinoxalinecarbohydrazide derivative, the amines only actedas reducing agents.
Substitutions of Fluorine Atoms and Phenoxy Groups in the Synthesis of Quinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxide Derivatives
Authors: Vicente Esther , Villar Raquel , Burguete Asunción , Solano Beatriz , Ancizu Saioa , Pérez-Silanes Silvia , Aldana Ignacio , Monge Antonio
Published: October 2008

The unexpected substitution of fluorine atoms and phenoxy groups attached toquinoxaline or benzofuroxan rings is described. The synthesis of 2-benzyl- and 2-phenoxy-3-methylquinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives was based on the classical Beirut reaction.The tendency of fluorine atoms linked to quinoxaline or benzofuroxan rings to be replacedby a methoxy group when dissolved in an ammonia saturated solution of methanol wasclearly demonstrated. In addition, 2-phenoxyquinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxide derivativesbecame 2-aminoquinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives in the presence of gaseousammonia.
Synthesis and Structural Analysis of Polyester Prodrugs of Norfloxacin
Authors: Sobczak Marcin , Witkowska Ewa , Olędzka Ewa , Kolodziejski Waclaw
Published: October 2008

Two-, three- and four-arm, star-shaped poly(ε-caprolactone) andpoly(D,L-lactide) homopolymers, and copolymers of ε-caprolactone with D,L-lactide weresynthesized via ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters in the presence of glycerol,penthaerythritol and poly(ethylene glycol) as initiators and stannous octoate as a catalyst.Thus obtained oligomers were successfully used in the synthesis of novel macromolecularprodrugs of norfloxacin. The structures of the polymers and prodrugs were elucidated bymeans of MALDI-TOF MS, NMR and IR studies.
Synthesis, Acidity and Antioxidant Properties of Some Novel 3,4-disubstituted-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-one Derivatives
Authors: Alkan Muzaffer , Yüksek Haydar , Gürsoy-Kol Özlem , Calapoğlu Mustafa
Published: October 2008

3-Alkyl(aryl)-4-amino-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ones 2a-g reacted with4-diethylaminobenzaldehyde to afford the corresponding 3-alkyl(aryl)-4-(4-diethylaminobenzylidenamino)-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ones 3a-g. The acetylationreactions of compounds 3a-e were investigated and compounds 4a-e were thus obtained.The new compounds were characterized using IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, UV and MSspectral data. In addition, the newly synthesized compounds 3a-g were titratedpotentiometrically with tetrabutylammonium hydroxide in four non-aqueous solvents suchas isopropyl alcohol, tert-butyl alcohol, acetone and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), andthe half-neutralization potential values and the corresponding pKa values were determinedfor all cases. Moreover, 3 and 4 type compounds were also screened for their antioxidantactivities.
Antiplatelet Aggregation Coumarins from the Leaves of Murraya omphalocarpa
Authors: Chia Yi-Chen , Chang Fang-Rong , Wang Jinn-Chyi , Wu Chin-Chung , Chiang Michael Y.-N. , Lan Yu-Hsuan , Chen Keh-Shaw , Wu Yang-Chang
Published: October 2008

Using a bioactivity-guided fractionation method, two coumarins: minumicrolineacetonide (1) and epimurpaniculol senecioate (2), were isolated from the leaves ofMurraya omphalocarpa Hayata (Rutaceae). Compound 1 had been previously synthesizedand was now isolated from natural sources for the first time, and compound 2, possessing anegative optical rotation value, is new. The structures and their stereochemistry were fullyelucidated on the basis of spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic techniques. Bothcompounds 1 and 2 are active in the antiplatelet aggregation assay. Interestingly, thepossible acetonide artifact 1 displayed significant antiplatelet aggregation induced not onlyby AA and collagen but also by platelet activating factor (PAF).
Asymmetric Biomimetic Oxidations of Phenols: The Mechanism of the Diastereo- and Enantioselective Synthesis of Thomasidioic Acid
Authors: Zoia Luca , Bruschi Maurizio , Orlandi Marco , Tolppa Eeva-Liisa , Rindone Bruno
Published: October 2008

Enantiopure chiral amidic derivatives of sinapic acid were oxidised withhydrogen peroxide using horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as the catalyst to give thearyltetraline dilignol thomasidioic acid. Trans-diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity inthe formation of thomasidioic acid was observed. Computational methods show that theenantioselectivity is controlled by the β-β oxidative coupling step, while thediastereoselectivity is controlled by the stability of the reactive conformation of theintermediate quinomethide.
The Synthesis of Unsubstituted Cyclic Imides Using Hydroxylamine under Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Benjamin Ellis , Hijji Yousef
Published: October 2008

Unsubstituted cyclic imides were synthesized from a series of cyclic anhydrides,hydroxylamine hydrochloride (NH2OH·HCl), and 4-N,N-dimethylamino-pyridine (DMAP,base catalyst) under microwave irradiation in monomode and multimode microwaves. Thisnovel microwave synthesis produced high yields of the unsubstituted cyclic imides forboth the monomode (61 - 81%) and multimode (84 - 97%) microwaves.
Chemical Composition of Ground Pearl (Eurhizococcus colombianus) Cysts
Authors: Quiñones Winston , Vicente Bernardo , Torres Fernando , Archbold Rosendo , Murillo Walter , Londoño Martha , Echeverri Fernando
Published: October 2008

Ground pearl (Eurhizococcus colombianus) is a crop pest in Colombia, withspecial impact on fig, grass, rubus and tomato plants. The insect is resistant to externalinsecticide application because it produces a thick waxy shell that isolates it from theenvironment. The composition of this shell was determined by NMR and MS as atriglyceride, whose fatty acid is transformed into other products with the metamorphosis ofthe insect. Additionally, several enzymatic inhibitors were assayed to control the insectwith negative results.
A Simple, Rapid and Mild One Pot Synthesis of Benzene Ring Acylated and Demethylated Analogues of Harmine under Solvent-free Conditions
Authors: Begum Sabira , Ali Syed Nawazish , Farhat Farhat , Hassan Syed Imran , Siddiqui Bina S.
Published: October 2008

A simple, rapid, solvent-free, room temperature one pot synthesis of benzene ring acylated and demethylated analogues of harmine using acyl halides/acid anhydrides and AlCl3 has been developed. Eight different acyl halides/acid anhydrides were used in the synthesis. The resulting mixture of products was separated by column chromatography to afford 10- and 12-monoacyl analogues, along with 10,12-diacyl-11-hydroxy products. In five cases the corresponding 10-acyl-11-hydroxy analogues were also obtained. Yields from the eight syntheses (29 products in total) were in the 6-34% range and all compounds were fully characterized.
Trimethyl Lock: A Stable Chromogenic Substrate for Esterases
Authors: Levine Michael N. , Lavis Luke D. , Raines Ronald T.
Published: October 2008

p-Nitrophenyl acetate is the most commonly used substrate for detecting thecatalytic activity of esterases, including those that activate prodrugs in human cells. Thissubstrate is unstable in aqueous solution, limiting its utility. Here, a stable chromogenicsubstrate for esterases is produced by the structural isolation of an acetyl ester andp-nitroaniline group using a trimethyl lock moiety. Upon ester hydrolysis, unfavorablesteric interactions between the three methyl groups of this o-hydroxycinnamic acidderivative encourage rapid lactonization to form a hydrocoumarin and releasep-nitroaniline. This “prochromophore” could find use in a variety of assays.
Isolation and Identification of an Anti-tumor Component from Leaves of Impatiens balsamina
Authors: Ding Zhi-Shan , Jiang Fu-Sheng , Chen Ni-Pi , Lv Gui-Yuan , Zhu Cheng-Gang
Published: October 2008

We have previously shown that ethanol or chloroform extracts of the leaves ofImpatiens balsamina (LIB) have anti-tumor activity against the human hepatocellularcarcinoma cell line HepG2. The ethanol extracts were separated into five fractionsaccording to polarity. An MTT assay indicated that two of the fractions had anti-tumoractivity and that the petroleum ether fraction (PEF) was the most active. But the availablequantities of both the PEF and chloroform fractions (CHF) were limited, precluding furtherstudy. The chloroform extract (CHE) shared almost all the same spots with the PEF andCHF and was plentiful enough to carry out further separations. Thus, the CHE was furtherseparated into six sub-fractions (CHE1~6) by column chromatography. A MTT assayshowed that only the CHE2 fraction had a strong tumor inhibition ratio (IC50 = 6.47±0.05mg/L), which was superior to that of curcumin (IC50 = 13.95±0.11 mg/L). However, TLCrevealed that CHE2 was not pure and still contained two more components. After furtherseparation and purification, followed by TLC and MTT assay confirmation, the final activecomponent was isolated and identified as 2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone by m.p., UV, MSand 13C- and 1H-NMR data. This is the first report demonstrating that2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone has intensive in vitro anti-tumor activity against HepG2cells.
Cholesterylbutyrate Solid Lipid Nanoparticles as a Butyric Acid Prodrug
Authors: Brioschi Andrea , Zara Gian Paolo , Calderoni Sara , Gasco Maria Rosa , Mauro Alessandro
Published: October 2008

Cholesterylbutyrate (Chol-but) was chosen as a prodrug of butyric acid.Butyrate is not often used in vivo because its half-life is very short and therefore too largeamounts of the drug would be necessary for its efficacy. In the last few years butyric acid'santi-inflammatory properties and its inhibitory activity towards histone deacetylases havebeen widely studied, mainly in vitro. Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs), whose lipid matrixis Chol-but, were prepared to evaluate the delivery system of Chol-but as a prodrug and totest its efficacy in vitro and in vivo. Chol-but SLNs were prepared using the microemulsionmethod; their average diameter is on the order of 100-150 nm and their shape is spherical.The antineoplastic effects of Chol-but SLNs were assessed in vitro on different cancer celllines and in vivo on a rat intracerebral glioma model. The anti-inflammatory activity wasevaluated on adhesion of polymorphonuclear cells to vascular endothelial cells. In thereview we will present data on Chol-but SLNs in vitro and in vivo experiments, discussingthe possible utilisation of nanoparticles for the delivery of prodrugs for neoplastic andchronic inflammatory diseases.
New Benzoyl Glucosides and Cytotoxic Pterosin Sesquiterpenes from Pteris ensiformis Burm.
Authors: Chen Yung-Husan , Chang Fang-Rong , Lu Mei-Chin , Hsieh Pei-Wen , Wu Ming-Jiuan , Du Ying-Chi , Wu Yang-Chang
Published: October 2008

Three new compounds: 2R,3R-pterosin L 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), β-Dxylopyranosyl(1→2)-7-O-benzoyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (2) and 4-O-benzoyl-β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→2)-7-O-benzoyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), together with nine knowncompounds, were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of Pteris ensiformis. 5-[2-Hydroxyethylidene]-2(5H)-furanone (4), which had been synthesized, was isolated fromnatural sources for the first time. The structures of all isolated compounds were determinedon the basis of mass and spectroscopic evidence. Compound 1 and pterosin B (5) showcytotoxicity against HL 60 cells (human leukemia) with the IC50 values of 3.7 and 8.7μg/mL, respectively.
Two New Constituents from Artemisia capillaris Thunb.
Authors: Ma Hong-Yu , Sun Yi , Zhou Yu-Zhi , Hong Min , Pei Yue-Hu
Published: October 2008

Two new compounds, 6′-O-caffeoyl-p-hydroxyacetophenone-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(1) and 6-amino-9-[1-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-9H-purine (2) wereisolated from the aerial parts of Artemisia capillaris Thunb. The structures wereestablished on the basis of spectral data.
1,2-Diaryl(3-pyridyl)ethanone Oximes. Intermolecular Hydrogen Bonding Networks Revealed by X-ray Diffraction
Authors: Alcalde Ermitas , Mesquida Neus , Alvarez-Rúa Carmen , Cuberes Rosa , Frigola Jordi , García-Granda Santiago
Published: October 2008

The synthesis of a set of 1-aryl-2-aryl(3-pyridyl)ethanones 1-5 and thecorresponding ketoximes 6-9 is reported. Structural studies of oximes 6, 7 and 9 wereperformed in solution using 1H-NMR and in the solid state by X-ray crystallography,providing evidence of H-bonding networks. The crystal packing was controlled byhomomeric intermolecular oxime···oxime H-bond interactions for 6 and cooperativeoxime···N(pyridyl) and CH/π interactions for 7 and 9.
Nitroalkanes as Central Reagents in the Synthesis of Spiroketals
Authors: Ballini Roberto , Petrini Marino , Rosini Goffredo
Published: October 2008

Nitroalkanes can be profitably employed as carbanionic precursors for theassembly of dihydroxy ketone frameworks, suitable for the preparation of spiroketals. Thecarbon-carbon bond formation is carried out exploiting nitroaldol and Michael reactions,while the nitro to carbonyl conversion (Nef reaction) ensures the correct introduction of theketo group. Several spiroketal systems endowed with considerable biological activity canbe prepared using this synthetic strategy.
A Facile Route to Diastereomeric Phosphorus Ylides. Chemoselective Synthesis of Dialkyl (E)-2-[1-(2-Oxocyclopentylidene)ethyl]-2-butenedioates
Authors: Asghari Sakineh , Poushani Mohammad Bagher , Ramezani Samaneh
Published: October 2008

2-Acetylcyclopentanone undergoes a smooth reaction with triphenylphosphineand dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates to produce dialkyl 2-(1-acetyl-2-oxocyclopentyl)-3-(1,1,1-triphenyl-λ5-phosphanylidene)succinates. These compounds undergo intramolecularWittig reactions in boiling benzene to produce highly strained spirocyclobutenederivatives, which spontaneously undergo ring-opening reactions to produce dialkyl (E)-2-[1-(2-oxocyclopentyliden)ethyl]-2-butenedioates.
Michael Additions of Amines to Methyl Acrylates Promoted by Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Escalante Jaime , Carrillo-Morales Manuel , Linzaga Irma
Published: October 2008

A simple and efficient protocol has been developed for the Michael addition ofamines to α,β-unsaturated esters under microwave irradiation. Under these conditions therewas a significant decrease in the reaction time, increases in the yields and increased purityof the products.
Synthesis, Molecular Structure and Spectral Properties of Quaternary Ammonium Derivatives of 1,1-Dimethyl-1,3-propylenediamine
Authors: Kowalczyk Iwona
Published: October 2008

1,1-Dimethyl-3-oxo-1,4-diazepan-1-ium chloride (1) and 1,1-dimethyl-1-carboxymethyl-3-aminopropyl ammonium hydrochloride (2) have been obtained by thereactions of 1,1-dimethyl-1,3-propylenediamine with ethyl chloroacetate and chloroaceticacid, respectively. The products have been characterized by FTIR, Raman and NMRspectroscopy. B3LYP calculations have also been carried out. The screening constants for 13C- and 1H- atoms have been calculated by the GIAO/B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) approach andanalyzed. The FTIR and NMR spectra of the investigated compounds 1 and 2 are inexcellent agreement with the structures optimized by Density Functional Theory (DFT)calculations.
The First Guaian-12-oic Acid Glucopyranosyl Ester and Other Constituents from Picris rhagadioloides (L.) Desf. (Asteraceae)
Authors: Michalska Klaudia , Kisiel Wanda
Published: October 2008

The first guaian-12-oic acid glucopyranosyl ester was isolated from the roots ofPicris rhagadioloides (L.) Desf. (Asteraceae), in addition to five costuslactone-typeguaianolides, four germacranolides and three phenolic compounds. This is the first timethat the known phenolics syringaldehyde and syringaresinol, as well as the knownsesquiterpene lactones glucozaluzanin C, cichorioside C and hypochoeroside A have beendescribed from a Picris species. The compounds were characterized on the basis ofphysicochemical, 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopic, and mass spectrometric data.
Application of Prodrugs to Inflammatory Diseases of the Gut
Authors: Oz Helieh S. , Ebersole Jeffrey L.
Published: October 2008

Oral delivery is the most common and preferred route of drug administrationalthough the digestive tract exhibits several obstacles to drug delivery including motilityand intraluminal pH profiles. The gut milieu represents the largest mucosal surfaceexposed to microorganisms with 1010-12 colony forming bacteria/g of colonic content.Approximately, one third of fecal dry matter is made of bacteria/ bacterial components.Indeed, the normal gut microbiota is responsible for healthy digestion of dietary fibers(polysaccharides) and fermentation of short chain fatty acids such as acetate and butyratethat provide carbon sources (fuel) for these bacteria. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)results in breakage of the mucosal barrier, an altered microbiota and dysregulated gutimmunity. Prodrugs that are chemically constructed to target colonic release or aredegraded specifically by colonic bacteria, can be useful in the treatment of IBD. Thisreview describes the progress in digestive tract prodrug design and delivery in light of gutmetabolic activities.
Withdrawn Paper: Antibacterial Effect of Five Zingiberaceae Essential Oils by Laohakunjit et al., Molecules 2007, 12, 2047- 2060
Authors: McPhee Derek
Published: October 2008

n/a
Synthesis and Characterization of Konjac Glucomannan-Graft-Polyacrylamide via γ-Irradiation
Authors: Xu Zhenlin , Yang Youhui , Jiang Yueming , Sun Yuanming , Shen Yudong , Pang Jie
Published: October 2008

The synthesis of konjac glucomannan-graft-polyacrylamide (KGM-g-PAM) wascarried out at 25°C by γ-irradiation under a N2 atmosphere. The effects of absorbedradiation dosage and monomer concentration on grafting yield and water absorbency werestudied. The grafted copolymers were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), x-ray diffraction (XRD),thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Thegrafting yield was observed to increase with increasing absorbed dosage and monomerconcentration. Compared with the original KGM, the grafted copolymers exhibited betterthermal stability and water absorbency. The results suggest that γ-irradiation is convenientand efficient for inducing graft copolymerization of KGM and acrylamide (AM).
Regioselective Synthesis of 1-(2,6-Dichloro-4-Trifluoromethylphenyl)- 4-Alkyl-1H-[1,2,3]-Triazoles
Authors: Hu Huanan , Zhang Anjiang , Ding Lisheng , Lei Xinxiang , Zhang Lixue
Published: October 2008

A new and efficient method for the synthesis of 1-(2,6-dichloro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-4-alkyl-1H-[1,2,3]-triazoles by the room temperature 1,3-dipolarcycloaddition of (2-azido-1,3-dichloro-5-trifluoromethyl)benzene with terminal alkynes inthe presence of Cu (I) salt as catalyst is reported. All the reactions gave 1,4-disubstitutedproducts with high regioselectivity, as no 1,5-disubstituted product was formed. Thestructures of all the title compounds have been confirmed by elemental analysis, 1H- and13C-NMR and in addition, the structure of compound 5a was investigated by X-raycrystallography.
Antimicrobial Activity of Some New Thioureides Derived from 2-(4-Chlorophenoxymethyl)benzoic Acid
Authors: Limban Carmen , Chifiriuc Mariana-Carmen Balotescu , Missir Alexandru-Vasile , Chiriţă Ileana Cornelia , Bleotu Coralia
Published: October 2008

We report here the characterisation of eight newly synthesized thioureides of 2-(4-chlorophenoxymethyl)-benzoic acid and the evaluation of the in vitro antimicrobialactivity of the new compounds against Gram-positive [Listeria monocytogenes,Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis], Gram-negative [Psedomonas aeruginosa,Escherichia coli, Salmonella enteritidis], as well as Candida spp., using both reference andclinical multidrug resistant strains to establish the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC)values. Our results showed that the tested compounds exhibited specific antimicrobialactivities, both concerning the spectrum of antimicrobial activity and the correspondingMIC values, which ranged widely between 1024 and 32 μg/mL, depending on the natureand position of the substituents on the benzene ring. The most active compounds were N-[2-(4-chlorophenoxymethyl)-benzoyl]-N'-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-thiourea (5g) and N-[2-(4-chlorophenoxymethyl)-benzoyl]-N'-(4-bromophenyl)-thiourea (5h), which showed a broadspectrum of antimicrobial activity against enterobacterial strains (E. coli and S. enteritidis),P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and Candida spp. All the tested compounds except 5f were highly active against S. aureus (MIC=32 μg/mL), suggesting their possible use in the treatment ofMRSA infections. Four of compounds also exhibited antifungal activity (MIC =256-32μg/mL) against C. albicans, but L. monocytogenes as well as B. subtilis were resistant toall tested compounds. Our studies thus demonstrated that among other biological activities,the thioureides of 2-(4-chlorophenoxymethyl)-benzoic acid also exhibit selective andeffective antimicrobial properties that could lead to the selection and use of thesecompounds as efficient antimicrobial agents, especially for the treatment of multidrugresistant infections.
Polyphenol Content and Antioxidant Activity of Fourteen Wild Edible Fruits from Burkina Faso
Authors: Lamien-Meda Aline , Lamien Charles Euloge , Compaoré Moussa M.Y. , Meda Roland N.T. , Kiendrebeogo Martin , Zeba Boukare , Millogo Jeanne F. , Nacoulma Odile G.
Published: October 2008

A total of fourteen (14) species of wild edible fruits from Burkina Faso wereanalyzed for their phenolic and flavonoid contents, and their antioxidant activities usingthe DPPH, FRAP and ABTS methods. The data obtained show that the total phenolic andtotal flavonoid levels were significantly higher in the acetone than in the methanol extracts.Detarium microcarpum fruit had the highest phenolic and the highest flavonoid content,followed by that of Adansonia digitata, Ziziphus mauritiana, Ximenia americana andLannea microcarpa. Significant amounts of total phenolics were also detected in the otherfruit species in the following order of decreasing levels: Tamarindus indica > Sclerocaryabirrea > Dialium guineense > Gardenia erubescens > Diospyros mespiliformis > Parkiabiglobosa > Ficus sycomorus > Vitellaria paradoxa. Detarium microcarpum fruit alsoshowed the highest antioxidant activity using the three antioxidant assays. Fruits with highantioxidant activities were also found to possess high phenolic and flavonoid contents.There was a strong correlation between total phenolic and flavonoid levels and antioxidantactivities.
Comparative Studies on Conventional and Microwave Synthesis of Some Benzimidazole, Benzothiazole and Indole Derivatives and Testing on Inhibition of Hyaluronidase
Authors: Algul Oztekin , Kaessler Andre , Apcin Yagmur , Yilmaz Akin , Jose Joachim
Published: October 2008

We have synthesized twelve 2-substituted benzimidazole, benzothiazole andindole derivatives using on both microwave irradiation and conventional heating methods.The microwave method was observed to be more beneficial as it provides an increase ofyield from 3% to 113% and a 95 to 98 % reduction in time. All compounds were tested bya stains-all assay at pH 7 and by a Morgan-Elson assay at pH 3.5 for hyaluronidaseinhibitory activity at a concentration of 100 μM. The most potent compound was 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylindole (12) with an IC50 value of 107 μM at both pH 7 and 3.5.
Antioxidant Activity of Diphenylpropionamide Derivatives: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Computational Analysis
Authors: Urbani Paolo , Ramunno Anna , Filosa Rosanna , Pinto Aldo , Popolo Ada , Bianchino Erminia , Piotto Stefano , Saturnino Carmela , De Prisco Rocco , Nicolaus Barbara , Tommonaro Giuseppina
Published: October 2008

We report the synthesis, antioxidant and antiproliferative activity and a QSARanalysis of synthetic diphenylpropionamide derivatives. Synthesis of these compounds wasachieved by direct condensation of 2,2- and 3,3-diphenylpropionic acid and appropriateamines using 1-propylphoshonic acid cyclic anhydride (PPAA) as catalyst. Compoundstructures were elucidated by NMR analysis and their melting points were measured. Thein vitro antioxidant activity of these compounds was tested by evaluating the amount ofscavenged ABTS radical and estimating ROS and NO production in LPS stimulatedJ774.A1 macrophages. All compounds were tested for their effect on viability of cells andresults demonstrated that they are not toxic towards the cell lines used. The cytotoxicactivity of all compounds was evaluated by a Brine Shrimp Test.
A Microwave-Assisted and Heteropolyacids-Catalysed Cyclocondensation Reaction for the Synthesis of 4(3H)-Quinazolinones
Authors: Ighilahriz Karima , Boutemeur Baya , Chami Fariza , Rabia Cherifa , Hamdi Maâmar , Hamdi Safouane M.
Published: October 2008

We have investigated a microwave–assisted synthesis of 4(3H)–quinazolinonesby condensation of anthranilic acid, orthoesters (or formic acid) and substituted anilines,using Keggin-type heteropolyacids (H3PW12O40·13H2O, H4SiW12O40·13H2O,H4SiMo12O40·13H2O or H3PMo12O40·13H2O) as catalysts. We found that the the use of H3PW12O40·13H2O acid coupled to microwave irradiation allows a solvent-free, rapid (~ 13min) and high-yielding reaction.
Antimicrobial Activity of Three Baccharis Species Used in the Traditional Medicine of Northern Chile
Authors: Morales Glauco , Paredes Adrián , Sierra Patricia , Loyola Luis A.
Published: October 2008

The antimicrobial activities of aqueous ethanol and chloroform extracts of threeBaccharis species currently used in Northern Chile folk medicine for the treatment ofseveral infectious and inflammatory disorders were tested against Gram-positive andnegative bacteria and fungal spp. using the agar-disc diffusion assay. The results indicatedthat the activity was more pronounced against Gram-positive than against Gram-negativebacteria and yeast. No significant differences on the antibacterial activity were observed inthe aqueous ethanol versus chloroform extracts. None of the plant extracts evaluatedexhibited any activity against ten fungi tested.
Preparation of Zinc (II) and Cadmium (II) Complexes of the Tetradentate Schiff Base Ligand 2-((E)-(2-(2-(pyridine-2-yl)- ethylthio)ethylimino)methyl)-4-bromophenol (PytBrsalH)
Authors: Saghatforoush Lotf A. , Aminkhani Ali , Ershad Sohrab , Karimnezhad Ghasem , Ghammamy Shahriar , Kabiri Roya
Published: October 2008

We describe the synthesis and characterization of two new zinc (II) andcadmium (II) complexes of the tetradentate dissymmetric Schiff base ligand 2-((E)-(2-(2-(pyridine-2-yl)ethylthio)ethylimino)methyl)-4-bromophenol (PytBrsalH), prepared from 1-(2-pyridyl)-3-thia-5-aminopentane (pyta) and 5-bromosalicylaldehyde. The complexeswere synthesized by treating an ethanolic solution of the ligand with equimolar amounts ofappropriate metal salts in 1 M methanolic solution of NaOH or alternatively, by a moredirect route in which the two reactants are added to a solution of the ligand immediatelyafter formation of the latter and prior to any isolation. The complexes were characterizedby elemental analysis, FTIR, 1H-NMR, electronic spectra and molar conductivity.According to obtained data, the probable coordination geometries of zinc and cadmium inthese complexes with mixed N, S and O donor atoms are tetrahedral- and octahedral-like,respectively. Both complexes were found to be 1:1 electrolyte systems in acetonitrile.
Synthesis of New N-Arylpyrimidin-2-amine Derivatives Using a Palladium Catalyst
Authors: El-Deeb Ibrahim Mustafa , Ryu Jae Chun , Lee So Ha
Published: October 2008

New N-aryl-4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine derivatives were synthesizedfrom the corresponding amines, applying optimized Buchwald-Hartwig aminationconditions using dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)Pd(II), xantphos and sodium tertbutoxidein refluxing toluene under a nitrogen atmosphere. The target N-aryl derivativeswere obtained in moderate to good yields ranging from 27% to 82%. The proceduredescribed could be widely employed for the preparation of new heterocyclic compounds.The structures of the new compounds were confirmed by FT-NMR, FT-IR and elementalanalysis.
A Structure-Activity Study of Antibacterial Diterpenoids
Authors: Urzúa Alejandro , Rezende Marcos C. , Mascayano Carolina , Vásquez Loretta
Published: October 2008

An analysis of the antibacterial activities of 15 terpenoids, eleven of which werepreviously described by us and four were extracted from the literature, suggested twostructural requirements for activity of these and related compounds: a hydrophobic moiety,consisting of a substituted decalin skeleton, and a hydrophilic region possessing onehydrogen-bond-donor group. These structural requirements are responsible for an optimalinsertion of these and related compounds into cell membranes, as suggested by the resultsof docking some of these compounds into a model phospholipid bilayer.
Blue Organic Light-emitting Supramolecular Microfibers: The Self-assembly of a 1,2,4-Triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine Derivative
Authors: Liu Zu-Ming , Wang Hong-Bo , Zhu Xiao-Lei , Tu Hai-Yang , Yang Guang-Fu
Published: October 2008

The design and synthesis of 5,7-dimethyl-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-2-thioaceto-(2-fluorobenzyl) hydrazone (TPTH), which self-assembled into supramolecularmicrofibers with blue organic light-emitting properties, is reported. This is the firstoccurrence of the molecular self-assembly of 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives.
Effects of Leucine-enkephalin on Catalase Activity and Hydrogen Peroxide Levels in the Haemolymph of the Pacific Oyster (Crassostrea gigas)
Authors: Liu Dong-wu , Chen Zhi-wei , Xu Hong-zhi
Published: October 2008

The nervous and immune systems of invertebrates can exchange informationthrough neuropeptides. Furthermore, some opioid peptides can function as endogenousimmune system messengers and participate in the regulation of the immune responses. Thepresent study was designed to investigate the effects of leucine-enkephalin (L-ENK) on theactivity of catalase (CAT) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content in the haemolymph ofthe Pacific Oyster (Crassostrea gigas). The CAT activity and H2O2 content wereinvestigated after the haemolymph of the species was exposed to 1, 5, and 50 μg/mL of LENK.The results indicate that the intracellular and extracellular CAT activity wasincreased with increasing concentration of L-ENK, while the intracellular and extracellularH2O2 content was decreased with increasing concentration of L-ENK. L-ENK mayregulate the intracellular and extracellular CAT activity and H2O2 content via binding withopioid neuropeptide receptors on immunocytes of the oysters. The data strongly suggestsan involvement of opioid peptides in the regulation of the antioxidant defence systems ofCrassostrea gigas.
Development of an Enzyme-linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) Method for Carbofuran Residues
Authors: Yang Jinyi , Wang Hong , Jiang Yueming , Sun Yuanming , Pan Ke , Lei Hongtao , Wu Qing , Shen Yudong , Xiao Zhili , Xu Zhenlin
Published: October 2008

The haptens 4-[[(2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyloxy)carbonyl]-amino]butanoic acid (BFNB) and 6-[((2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyloxy)-carbonylamino]hexanoic acid (BFNH) were synthesized and then used to develop a rapid,specific and sensitive ELISA method to determine residues of the pesticide carbofuran in avariety of matrices. A hybridoma cell line (5D3) producing anti-carbofuran monoclonalantibodies (MAbs) was also established. Based on the MAbs in combination with theheterologous hapten BFNH coupled to either horseradish peroxidase (HRP) or ovalbumin(OVA), four ELISAs (formats I-IV) for the quantification of carbofuran were developedand compared. Among them, the optimized format II (the conjugate-coated directcompetitive ELISA) showed the best characteristics, with an IC50 value of 18.49 ng/mL, alimit of detection of 0.11 ng/mL and the shortest assay time (1 h). This ELISA method wasthen applied to the determinations of carbofuran in environmental water, soil and foodsamples. The relative standard deviations (R.S.D.s) ranged from 1.8% to 21.3% and themean recoveries were 104.6%, 108.3%, 106.3% and 100.1% for water, soil, lettuce andcabbage, respectively. Thus, the ELISA method of format II exhibited the potential todevelop commercial ELISA kits for a rapid detection of carbofuran for human health andenvironmental safety.
CuO and Ag2O/CuO Catalyzed Oxidation of Aldehydes to the Corresponding Carboxylic Acids by Molecular Oxygen
Authors: Tian Qingyong , Shi Daxin , Sha Yaowu
Published: October 2008

Furfural was oxidized to furoic acid by molecular oxygen under catalysis by 150nm-sized Ag2O/CuO (92%) or simply CuO (86.6%). When 30 nm-size catalyst was used,the main product was a furfural Diels-Alder adduct. Detailed reaction conditions andregeneration of catalysts were investigated. Under optimal conditions, a series of aromaticand aliphatic aldehydes were oxidized to the corresponding acids in good yields.
Synthesis and Biological Activity of Peptide Derivatives of Iodoquinazolinones/Nitroimidazoles
Authors: Dahiya Rajiv , Kumar Anil , Yadav Rakesh
Published: October 2008

Two substituted quinazolinyl/imidazolyl-salicylic acids 5, 6 were synthesized bythe reaction of 6-iodo-2-methylbenzoxazin-4-one/5-nitroimidazole with 5-aminosalicylicacid (5-ASA). Coupling of compounds 5 and 6 with different amino acid esterhydrochlorides, dipeptide and tripeptide methyl esters yielded novelquinazolino/imidazolopeptide derivatives 5a-f and 6a-g. The chemical structures of allnewly synthesized compounds were confirmed by means of FT-IR, 1H- and 13C-NMR, MSand elemental analysis. Selected peptide ester derivatives were further hydrolyzed by usinglithium hydroxide (LiOH) to afford the corresponding acid derivatives 5ba-da and 6ea-ga.All peptide derivatives were assayed for antimicrobial and anthelmintic activities againsteight pathogenic microbes and three earthworm species. Among the tested compounds, 5e,5d, 6e and their hydrolyzed analogs 5da and 6ea exhibited higher antimicrobial activityagainst Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Candida albicans, and 5a,6g and 6ga displayed better antifungal activity against the dermatophytes Trichophytonmentagrophytes and Microsporum audouinii. Moreover, 6f and its hydrolyzed derivative6fa showed good anthelmintic activity against Megascoplex konkanensis, Pontoscotexcorethruses and Eudrilus eugeniea at dose of 2 mg mL–1.
Microwave-Enhanced Sulphated Zirconia and SZ/MCM-41 Catalyzed Regioselective Synthesis of β-Amino Alcohols Under Solvent-Free Conditions
Authors: Negrón-Silva Guillermo , Hernández-Reyes C. Xochitl , Angeles-Beltrán Deyanira , Lomas-Romero Leticia , González-Zamora Eduardo
Published: October 2008

A solvent-free approach for the regioselective synthesis of β-amino alcohols inshorter reaction times and higher yields, compared to conventional heating is described. Itinvolves microwave (MW) exposure of undiluted reactants in the presence of sulphatedzirconia (SZ) or sulphated zirconia over MCM-41 (SZM) as catalyst. Both acid materialscan be easily recovered and reused.
Synthesis and Biological Activity of Some New Pyrazoline and Pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazole-4,6-dione Derivatives: Reaction of Nitrilimines with Some Dipolarophiles
Authors: Abunada Nada M. , Hassaneen Hamdi M. , Kandile Nadia G. , Miqdad Omar A.
Published: October 2008

Several 1,3-diaryl-5-(cyano-, aminocarbonyl- and ethoxycarbonyl-)-2-pyrazoline, pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazole-4,6-dione and 1,3,4,5-tetraaryl-2-pyrazoline derivativeswere prepared by the reaction of nitrilimine with different dipolarophilic reagents. The newcompounds were characterized using IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and mass spectra. Biologicalscreening of some compounds is reported.