bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estratégias de construção de imagens de modernidade para o consumo: mapeamento dos usos das vanguardas artísticas nas capas de O Cruzeiro e Revista da Semana (1920-1940)
Authors: Casadei Eliza Bachega
Published: August 2018

A partir da análise iconológica dos elementos de composição da imagem, o objetivo do presente artigo é mapear a forma como a Revista da Semana e O Cruzeiro apropriaram-se dos signos das vanguardas artísticas na elaboração de suas capas entre as décadas de 1920 a 1940 com a finalidade de analisar os efeitos de sentido advindos dessa apropriação. Estudaremos como os valores estéticos centrais das vanguardas artísticas foram ressemantizados em suas capas para atender a valores de consumo, vinculados à construção de um ethos específico, que remetem à ideia de modernidade. Há, nessas imagens, a desarticulação do conteúdo político das vanguardas em direção à articulação de mecanismos de convocação historicamente marcados.
Tıp Öğrencilerinin İstatistik ve Bilimsel Araştırmaya Yönelik Tutumları
Authors: KARAIBRAHIMOGLU Adnan , KARAOĞLU Nazan
Published: August 2018

Amaç: Biyoistatistiğin
önemi ve sağlık bilimlerindeki araştırma yöntemleri ile ilgili farkındalık
bilinmekte, ancak genel olarak mezuniyet sonrası anlaşılmaktadır. Tıp fakültesi
öğrencileri bu dersi eğitimlerinin ilk yıllarında almakta, bu nedenle gereksiz
ve saçma bir ders olarak görülmektedir. Eğitimlerinin altıncı yılında
kliniklerde stajyer öğrenci olana kadar istatistiği kullanmanın öneminin
farkında değillerdir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinin
istatistiksel ve bilimsel araştırmalara yönelik tutum ve kaygı düzeylerini ve
bunlara neden olan faktörleri belirlemektir.Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma,
kesitsel tipte bir anket uygulaması olarak tasarlanmıştır. Etik Onay alındıktan
sonra Meram Tıp Fakültesi ilk beş dönem öğrencileri içerisinden rastgele
seçilen 448 öğrenciye anket uygulanmıştır. Anket formu üç bölümden
oluşmaktadır: Birincisi sosyo-demografik değişkenler, ikinci bölüm ise
İstatistik Tutum Ölçeği (SAS) ve üçüncüsü Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri Tutumu
Ölçeği (SRMAS). Bulgular: Katılımcıların
çoğunluğu birinci dönem öğrencisi (n = 169, % 37,7) ve yarısından çoğu kadın (n
= 259, % 58,3) idi. Dört öğrenciden üçü kendilerini ekonomik durum olarak orta
derecede tanımladı (n = 318, % 72,6). Öğrencilerin yaklaşık % 88'i (n = 393)
tıp eğitimini gönüllü olarak tercih etmişti. Her iki ölçekte cinsiyet,
mezuniyet sonrası lise, tıp eğitimi tercihi, memleketi ve öğrencilerin ekonomik
durum algısı açısından istatistiksel olarak bir farklılık yoktu. Bununla
birlikte, Post Hoc testi, birinci (99,13 ± 18,17) ve ikinci sınıf (89,67 ± 19,84)
öğrenciler arasında anlamlı bir fark olduğunu gösterdi.

Sonuç: Tıp öğrencileri, kaygılarını
azaltmak için bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri üzerine ders almalıdır. İstatistik dersi
araştırma ve analiz becerilerine sahip olmak için yeterli olamamaktadır ve
özellikle tıp eğitimi konsepti içerisinde klinik süreçte farklı dönemlerde de
verilmelidir. Bu nedenle ders süresinin artırılması ve gerek istatistik dersi
gerek bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri derslerinde tutumlarını olumlu hale
getirmek adına bilgisayar laboratuvarı olanaklarının sağlanması ve pratik
uygulamalar için süre ayrılması önerilmektedir.
Pharmacoeconomic analysis of treatment with nilotinib as the second line therapy in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Avxentyev N. A. , Frolov M. Yu. , Makarov A. S.
Published: August 2018

Ilmatinib is currently the most widely used tyrosine kinase inhibitor for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in Russia. When patients develop resistance or intolerance to imatinib, second generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (Tkis) are used. in Russia, nilotinib, dasatinib and bosutinib are registered in second-line, however only dasatinib is included in the government drug reimbursement program.

The aim of this study was to conduct a pharmacoeconomic comparison of nilotinib, dasatinib and bosutinib as second-line treatments for patients with CML from the Russian healthcare system perspective.

Materials and methods. Using the clinical trial data we developed a Markov model of CML progression on nilotinib, dasatinib or bosutinib second-line therapy and calculated the medical costs per patient. Both costeffectiveness analysis and budget-impact analysis reflected the local practice and the drug reimbursement approval process.

Results. The average medical cost (per year) for nilotinib (1 683 thousand rubles or US$27 075) was 8.4% lower than that for dasatinib and 35.2% lower than for bosutinib. The 4-year total medical cost of treatment with nilotinib was 4 372 thousand rubles (US$ 70 336), which was 13.9% lower compared to dasatinib and 37.3% lower compared to bosutinib. nilotinib also had a lower cost/effectiveness ratio (US$ 1 602, 1 910 and 2 537 per life month for nilotinib, dasatinib and bosutinib, respectively). The estimated number of patients in Russia who need second-line treatment for CML is 996 patients. if nilotinib were included in the Government Reimbursement Program, a saving of 771 million rubles (US$ 12,4 million) over four years would be reached.

Conclusions. When compared with dasatinib or bosutinib, nilotinib is the cost-saving option for the second-line treatment of CML patients in Russia.
The Relationship of Subjective Well-being with Regulatory and Personality Characteristics in the Primary School Age Children
Authors: Fomina T.G. , Eftimova O.V. , Morosanova V.I.
Published: August 2018

The study on relationship between conscious self-regulation, intrapersonal characteristics, and subjective well-being of younger schoolchildren (N = 156, age 10-11 years) made it possible to reveal and analyze significant links of the regulatory characteristics and personality factors (the Big Five model) with a cognitive parameter of subjective well-being in three spheres: family, school and self-attitude. Morosanova’s Self-Regulation Profile Questionnaire – Junior ), Russian version of the «Big Five Questionnaire – Children BFQ-C (S.B. Malykh , T.N. Tikhomirova, G.M. Vasin) » and Russian adaptation of Multidimensional Students Life Satisfaction Scale MSLSS (T.O. Gordeeva, E.N. Osin) was used. The results analysis provided for identifying significant regulatory and intrapersonal predictors of subjective well-being specific to primary school age children. The level of certain regulatory features development, as well as the general level of conscious self-regulation of educational activity proved to be significant factors of the schoolchildren subjective well-being
The association of maternal risk factors to macrosomia in rural areas of Haryana, India: a community based study
Authors: Malik Manisha , Khanna Pardeep , Verma Ramesh
Published: August 2018

Background: Macrosomia affects 1-10% of all pregnancies. The macrosomia is reportedly associated with neonatal morbidity, neonatal injury, maternal injury and cesarean delivery. The present study was aimed at finding out prevalence and assessing association of maternal risk factors with macrosomia.Methods: This community based retrospective and cross-sectional study was carried out in 23 rural sub-centres of block Beri, district Jhajjar (Haryana, India) among 920 mothers. A predesigned pretested semistructured questionnaire was used to collect information. Univariate analysis along with logistic regression analysis was performed.Results: The prevalence of macrosomia among live births was 1.3% (n=12). In the present study, mothers from upper and upper middle socio-economic status had six times higher odds of delivering a large baby. Diabetic mothers had seventeen times higher incidence of macrosomia as compared to non-diabetic mothers. Mothers who consumed full course of iron folic acid (IFA) tablets during antenatal period had 24% lesser chances of macrosomia in live births as compared to mothers who did not consume the full course.Conclusions: The findings of the present study emphasize that incidence of macrosomia can be reduced by strengthening antenatal monitoring, prevention of complications, early diagnosis and appropriate and adequate management of treatable risk factors in mothers.
Emergency management of upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: Abulhamail Badr , Alamer Ali , Asiri Khalid , Alasmari Abdullah , Al Hamad Ahmed , Azam Aishah , Turkistani Maryam , Alghonaim Abdulaziz , Alshehri Muhannad , Alqahtani Mesfer
Published: August 2018

Upper gastro intestinal bleeding is one of the most common reasons of emergency department visits, totaling up to 400,000 annual admissions in the United States. Peptic ulcer disease and variceal bleeding are two of the most common causes of GI bleeding. Several studies have been done, and major advancements were made in its management leading to significant drop in morbidity and mortality. Our aim is to study the common causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding that come to the emergency department and understand the latest guidelines to manage them. We conducted this review using a comprehensive search of PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE from March 1981, through November 2017. The following search terms were used: upper gastro intestinal bleeding, management of upper GI bleeding, variceal bleeding, peptic ulcer bleeding, hemorrhage in the emergency department. Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding is one of the most common cases encountered in the emergency department and leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Clearing airway and breathing and stabilizing the vitals of the patient by achieving hemodynamic stability and bleeding control is the primary goal in the emergency department.
Otitis media causes and management
Authors: Aljohani Ziyad , Alghonaim Abdulaziz , Alhaddad Rayhanah , ALShaif Wadiah , AlThomali Rahaf , Asiry Ali , Hefni Lujain , Nagadi Sarah , Taha Roba
Published: August 2018

Otitis media is a major cause of health care visits across the world, and its complications are significant causes of preventable hearing loss, predominantly in the developing world. They are a group of inflammatory and complex infective conditions that affect the middle ear. They have several different subtypes, and affects primarily children from 3 to 7 years of age. When not treated properly, they can lead to many complications including permanent hearing loss. In this article we will discuss updates on recent scientific developments in the field of otitis media clinical management and research. We conducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed and EMBASE from January 1979 to March 2017. The following search terms were used: otitis media, middle ear infections, pediatric infections, causes of otitis media, treatment otitis media, and prevention of otitis media. Otitis media is one of the most common pathologies in the pediatric age group making it one the most common reasons of doctor visits. Fortunately, the management is simple and promising, but if neglected, can lead to several complications including permanent hearing loss. Newer studies are focusing on preventive measures such as pneumococcal vaccine, and in avoiding creation of resistant species of the common bacteria that cause the pathology.
A comparison of cardiovascular responses and fat oxidation rate induced by the isocaloric treadmill and cycle ergometer endurance exercise
Authors: Sharma Priyanka , Tiwari Sunita , Verma Dileep , Agarwal Mayank
Published: August 2018

Background: Long duration moderate-intensity aerobic exercise is better called an endurance exercise. The commonest machines used for indoor endurance exercise are treadmill and cycle ergometer. The preferred modality of endurance exercise should be the one that induces higher fat oxidation and lesser cardiovascular response. The aim of the present study is to compare treadmill walking with cycling on the stationary upright ergometer for cardiovascular responses and fat oxidation rate at similar energy expenditure.Methods: The present experimental cross-sectional study involved physically inactive but otherwise healthy males, aged 20.1±1.8 years having a normal body mass index. Twenty-one participants completed thirty-minutes of treadmill walking and stationary upright cycling on separate occasions to expend approximately 180 Kcal. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate (HR) were recorded just before and immediately after the exercise. Rate pressure product (RPP), a linear correlate of myocardial oxygen uptake, was calculated as the product of SBP and HR divided by 100. Fat oxidation rate was calculated by an indirect calorimetric equation based on the respiratory gas exchange analysis. The paired t-test was applied for comparative analyses. P<0.05 was considered significant.Results: Treadmill walking caused a significantly lower RPP and HR while a significantly higher fat oxidation rate than cycling on the stationary upright ergometer.Conclusions: Treadmill endurance exercise could be preferred over cycling for young healthy males. However, further studies are required for the external validity of our results which are approximate rather than precise due to limited resources.
Imagem Corporal e Habilidades Sociais em pacientes com câncer de mama
Authors: Sá Gisele Silva , Pinheiro-Carozzo Nádia Prazeres
Published: August 2018

O tratamento para o câncer de mama pode gerar autoavaliações negativas da imagem corporal feminina, resultando em prejuízos nas relações interpessoais e afetivo-sexuais. Um elaborado repertório de habilidades sociais serve de fator de proteção ao favorecer o enfrentamento a estressores desencadeados pelo tratamento. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a percepção de imagem corporal e o repertório de habilidades sociais (HS) de mulheres com câncer de mama. Realizou-se uma pesquisa de delineamento descritivo e correlacional. Setenta mulheres em tratamento em instituições públicas maranhenses responderam, de forma voluntária e anônima, a três instrumentos: Protocolo de Caracterização Individual, Escala de Estima Corporal e Inventário de Habilidades Sociais. Os dados, analisados por meio de análises estatísticas descritivas e inferenciais, indicam que a amostra possui um bom repertório de HS; sentimentos neutros em relação a sua imagem corporal, exceto no fator sexualidade, onde apresentou sentimentos negativos médios; e uma correlação positiva e significativa (r = 0,238; p<0,05) entre os fatores “enfrentamento e auto-afirmação com risco” e “sexualidade”. Os dados não apoiaram estudos anteriores que sinalizam o comprometimento da imagem corporal dessas pacientes. Sem embargo, reforçam achados nacionais que um bom repertório de HS funciona como fator de proteção à insatisfação e baixa estima corporal.
O Relato de Mães de Gestantes Adolescentes: Um Olhar Sistêmico
Authors: Tissot Daiane Wiltgen , Falcke Denise
Published: August 2018

A pesquisa intentou investigar o fenômeno da gravidez na adolescência a partir da percepção das mães de jovens gestantes, considerando, por meio da perspectiva teórica sistêmica, aspectos relacionais familiares. Teve caráter transversal, trazendo dados qualitativos oriundos de um estudo de casos múltiplos com três mulheres cujas filhas adolescentes engravidaram de forma planejada. Os instrumentos utilizados foram o questionário sociodemográfico e a entrevista semiestruturada, aplicados nas residências das participantes. Os principais resultados da análise temática e síntese de casos cruzados foram: presença de estereótipos de gênero com ausência significativa da função paterna, estilos parentais disfuncionais, ocorrências transgeracionais em termos de padrões de relacionamento, desamparo, violência e da própria gravidez na adolescência, além de estruturas familiares com patologias de fronteiras. Concluiu-se que o planejamento da gravidez nesse período do ciclo vital carrega importantes aspectos familiares que precisam ser considerados em processos preventivos e interventivos, de modo a interromper ciclos viciosos de disfuncionalidade familiar.
Pinturas históricas do século XIX e discurso identitário: notas sobre iconograia e ensino de História no Paraná
Authors: Leopoldino Maria Aparecida
Published: August 2018

O artigo trata do conceito de tempo histórico proposto em livros didáticos brasileiros no uso pedagógico de pinturas sobre o Brasil do século XIX para tratar com o tema da cultura indígena. A História Cultural norteia a análise que, metodologicamente, relaciona história escolar, memória e cultura visual paraabordara complexaquestão debatida pela historiograia brasileira sobre osusos do passado, da memoria e a forma como a História do Brasil foi escrita e contada, durante muito tempo, pela perspectiva do colonizador nos séculos XIX e XX.No desdobramento da relexão, airma que os desaios didáticos ainda permanentes no ensino de História advêm, diante da necessidade de um ensino problematizadorda predominância de uma concepção de tempo característica da modernidade. Nos resultados aponta a importância de situar a produção dos pintores em seu contexto para a compreensão da leitura que se fez do indígena à época e do sentido de diferençapor eles construído.Conclui que a questão permanece atual nesse ensino, fundamentalmente em países colonizados, e que revestir o debate para além do que éconsiderado civilizado ou não civilizado é essencial para uma aprendizagem histórica signiicativa a respeito das diferenças culturais e, nelas, a temporal.
A pesquisa sobre o ensino de História nos Encontros Estaduais de História da ANPUH-BA: impressões iniciais
Authors: Lima Ferreira Carlos Augusto , Silva Teles Adriana , Cerqueira Dulcinea , Dos Santos Marques Edicarla
Published: August 2018

Esta investigação situa-se no espaço do Ensino de História. Nossa fonte primária de pesquisa foram os Anais das sete edições do Encontro Estadual de História na Bahia, consultando-se os trabalhos publicados integralmente e os que tiveram apenas os resumos aprovados. Este artigo visa analisar as comunicações apresentadas na Anpuh-Bahia, entre os anos de 2002 e 2014. A pesquisa contemplou de forma ampla as temáticas relacionadas ao objeto, incluindo também as produções de pesquisa no âmbito acadêmico e escolar sobre o Ensino de História na Bahia. Os resultados mostram uma baixa expressividade de temas ligados ao Ensino de História. Os trabalhos não conseguem expressar o debate acerca do ensino de história e representam o espelho da velha dicotomia Ensino de História versus Pesquisa e Historiografia, ou Licenciatura versus Bacharelado.
FORMAÇÃO ARTÍSTICA E ESTÉTICA: REFLEXÕES PARA ATUAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL
Authors: Stein Vinícius , Chaves Marta
Published: August 2018

As escolhas estéticas feitas pelos professores para o ensino na Educação Infantil estão diretamente relacionadas com os conteúdos apropriados em sua formação. O objetivo, neste texto, é refletir sobre as possibilidades de desenvolvimento estético e artístico de professores para atuação na Educação Infantil. Foi realizado um estudo bibliográfico, tendo como referências primárias os textos Educação Estética e Imaginação e criação na Infância de L.S. Vigotski (1986 – 1934). Este texto considera que a formação de professores, amparada em estudos contínuos sobre temáticas relacionadas ao conhecimento artístico e à atividade criadora das crianças, pode contribuir com a reorganização das ações realizadas nas instituições de Educação Infantil, visando ao desenvolvimento estético dos escolares.
O PROGRAMA DE FORMAÇÃO DE PEDAGOGOS NA DINAMARCA: ESPECIALIZAÇÃO EM PEDAGOGIA DA PRIMEIRA INFÂNCIA
Authors: Jensen Jytte Juul , Haddad Lenira
Published: August 2018

O artigo apresenta o programa de formação de pedagogos na Dinamarca, no que se refere à especialização em Pedagogia da primeira infância, uma das três especializações para a concessão do grau de bacharel em Pedagogia. O texto tem início com uma breve nota sobre o sistema de educação infantil na Dinamarca e a figura do pedagogo, e segue com a descrição dos elementos que compõem o programa de formação: o contexto histórico; a estrutura regulatória; as áreas e metas de competência; as formas estéticas de expressão; o estágio e o papel do supervisor do centro de educação infantil e da universidade; as formas de autoavaliação e avaliação externa dos alunos; e competências pessoais e acadêmicas. O texto é finalizado com uma reflexão sobre os contributos do programa dinamarquês para pensar o contexto brasileiro, evidenciando paralelos, claras distinções e contrapontos nos dois sistemas de formação.
O primeiro dicionário médico do Brasil
Authors: Barros Lídia Almeida
Published: August 2018

Cet article constitue l’un des premiers résultats de notre recherche au sein du projet Histoire des dictionnaires de Médecine du Brésil. Nous croyons avoir identifié le premier répertoire lexicographique de Médecine élaboré par un brésilien et « publié » dans notre pays. Dans cet article nous présenterons des données historiques à propos de l’oeuvre et son auteur ; nous procéderons à une analyse de l’organisation interne de l’ouvrage d’un point de vue lexicographique, et montrerons comment ce livret, daté du XVIIe siècle, est toujours respecté par les scientifiques et attire encore l’intérêt de la Médecine de nos temps.
A Scale-Invariant, Machian Theory of Gravitation and Electrodynamics Unified
Authors: Vishwakarma Ram Gopal
Published: August 2018

As gravitation and electromagnetism are closely analogous long-range interactions, and gravitation is formulated in terms of geometry in general relativity (GR), we expect the latter also to appear through the geometry. This unification has however remained an unfulfilled goal. The goal is achieved here in a new theory, which results from the principles of equivalence and Mach supplemented with a novel insight that the field tensors in a geometric theory of gravitation and electromagnetism must be traceless, since these long-range interactions are mediated by virtual exchange of massless particles whose mass is expected to be related to the trace of the field tensors. Hence the Riemann tensor, like the analogous electromagnetic field tensor, must be traceless. Thence emerges a scale- invariant, Machian theory of gravitation and electrodynamics unified, wherein the vanishing of the Ricci tensor appears as a boundary condition. While the field equations of the theory are given by the vanishing divergence of the respective field tensors and their duals, the matter and charge emerge from the spacetime. A quantitative formulation of the emergent fields embodied in ‘energymomentum super tensors’ follows from the respective Bianchi identities for the two fields. The resulting theory is valid at all scales and explains the observations without invoking the non-baryonic dark matter, dark energy or inflation. Moreover, it answers the questions that the GR-based standard paradigm could not address.
Optimization of Population Distribution Pattern in China Based on Land Use Efficiency
Authors: Li Minmin , He Biao , Guo Renzhong , Li You , Chen Yu , Fan Yong
Published: August 2018

With the accelerating urbanization process, the population increasingly concentrates in urban areas. In view of the special situation in China and a series of problems in the process of rapid urbanization, there were no reasonable measures for optimizing the population pattern. This study explored the distribution pattern of the Chinese population and proposed an optimization plan for the population distribution using GIS analysis. The main findings were as follows. (1) From 2010 to 2015, the distribution of population density in China presented a pattern of high in the southeast and low in the northwest based on the county-level administrative regions. The population still showed a tendency to migrate to the southeast of the country based on the “Hu Huanyong Line”. (2) There was a great difference in the land use efficiency in terms of population and economic production in China. The economic concentration in China was higher than the population concentration. In the areas where population and economic production were aggregated, GDP per capita and land use efficiency were higher. (3) Based on the land use efficiency in terms of population and economic production, the optimized urbanization plan of “1+4+11” for China’s urbanization was put forward, namely, one national-level aggregated area of population and economic production, 4 regional-level aggregated areas of population and economic production, and 11 local regionally aggregated areas of population and economic production. This optimization plan for urbanization represents an attempt to explore the direction of China’s urbanization, and it can be used to optimize the spatial development pattern and provide scientific guidance for the new urbanization plan.
A comparative study of energetics of ferrocenium and ferrocene
Authors: Islam Shawkat , Wang Feng
Published: August 2018

Ferrocenium (Fc+) inherits a number of molecular/electronic properties from the neutral counterparts’ ferrocene (Fc) including the high symmetry. Both Fc+ and Fc prefer the eclipsed structure (D5h) over the staggered structure (D5d) by an energy of 0.36 kcal·mol-1. The present study using the recently developed excess orbital energy spectrum (EOES) shows that the open shell Fc+ cation exhibits similar conformer dependent configurational changes to the neutral Fc conformer pair. A further energy decomposition analysis (EDA) discloses that the reasons for the preferred structures are different between Fc+ and Fc. The dominant differentiating energy between the Fc+ conformers is the electrostatic energy (EEstat), whereas in neutral Fc, it is the quantum mechanical Pauli repulsive energy (EPauli). Within the D5h conformer of Fc+, the EOES reveals that the -electrons of Fc+ experience more substantial conformer dependent energy changes than the -electrons (assumed the hole is in a β orbital).
Towards Energy Discretization in Quantum Cosmology
Authors: Ulhoa Sergio , Amorim R.G.G. , Capistrano Abraão , Fernandes Alexandre
Published: August 2018

In this article we presented an application of the quantum cosmological model in teleparallel gravity. Working with a vacuum solution, the gravitational energy density is quantized with the Weyl procedure and we obtain a discrete expression for the gravitational energy. As an immediate consequence the empty space exhibits an expansion for an early universe.
Brillouin Dynamic Gratings – A Practical Form of Brillouin Enhanced Four Wave Mixing in Waveguides – The First Decade and Beyond
Authors: Bergman Arik , Tur Moshe
Published: August 2018

Brillouin-Enhanced Four-Wave-Mixing techniques, which couple four optical beams through Brillouin nonlinearity, have gained popularity in the 1980's largely owing to their phase conjugation properties. Experiments were mainly conducted in liquid cells. The interest in Brillouin-Enhanced Four-Wave-Mixing has reawakened in the 2000's, following the quest for dynamically reconfigurable gratings in optical fibers. Termed Brillouin Dynamic Grating this time around, it is, in fact, an acoustic wave, optically generated by stimulated Brillouin scattering process between two pump waves. The acoustic wave either carries the coherent information encoded by the pump beams, or in the case of sensing applications, its properties are determined by the environmental parameters. This information, in turn, is imparted to the third phase-matched optical probe wave through the elasto-optic effect. Over the last decade, this mechanism allowed for the realization of many all-optical signal processing functions and has proven instrumental in distributed sensing applications. This paper describes the basics, as well as the state of the art, of BDG-based applications in optical fibers. It also surveys the efforts being done to carry over these concepts to the photonic chip level.
Optimal Path for Sustainable Retirement System in Malaysia
Authors: Ying Run Sim , Kilicman Adem
Published: August 2018

This research aims to analyse the sustainability of retirement system and relevant optimal path to achieve sustainable post-retirement livings in Malaysia context. Focus of this study is put on Employees Provident Fund (EPF) which is mainly constituted by employees from private sector. EPF is a fully funded defined-contribution by both employees and employers. In this research, main variables used are contribution rate and retirement age based on relevant indexation of pension. For a sustainable retirement living, retirement benefits are expected to be in a maximisation function. Attempts to find sustainable retirement fund are via step-by-step mathematical calculation using formulas in Microsoft Excel and verification of the result with Excel Solver via Generalised Reduced Gradient (GRG) algorithm. Eventually, two-third retirement decision model is used to justify the sustainability of retirement fund other than justification using monthly household expenditure.
Logical Entropy: Introduction to Classical and Quantum Logical Information Theory
Authors: Ellerman David
Published: August 2018

Logical information theory is the quantitative version of the logic of partitions just as logical probability theory is the quantitative version of the dual Boolean logic of subsets. The resulting notion of information is about distinctions, differences, and distinguishability, and is formalized using the distinctions (`dits') of a partition (a pair of points distinguished by the partition). All the definitions of simple, joint, conditional, and mutual entropy of Shannon information theory are derived by a uniform transformation from the corresponding definitions at the logical level. The purpose of this paper is to give the direct generalization to quantum logical information theory that similarly focuses on the pairs of eigenstates distinguished by an observable, i.e., qudits of an observable. The fundamental theorem for quantum logical entropy and measurement establishes a direct quantitative connection between the increase in quantum logical entropy due to a projective measurement and the eigenstates (cohered together in the pure superposition state being measured) that are distinguished by the measurement (decohered in the post-measurement mixed state). Both the classical and quantum versions of logical entropy have simple interpretations as "two-draw" probabilities for distinctions. The conclusion is that quantum logical entropy is the simple and natural notion of information for quantum information theory focusing on the distinguishing of quantum states.
Marketing at the Bottom of the Pyramid: Serving, and in the Service of Low-Income Consumers
Authors: Pizzagalli Lisa , Sharma Akshit , Lascu Dana-Nicoleta
Published: August 2018

Most academic studies in marketing have focused on advanced economies and fast-developing, large emerging markets (Sharma & Lascu, 2018). Until recently, only a few marketing studies have addressed subsistence markets; yet, there are over 4 billion bottom-of-the-pyramid (BOP) consumers living below less than 1.25 dollars a day in underserved areas worldwide (Kaplinsky, 2011; Sharma & Lascu, 2018). The present study attempts to bridge the gap in the literature by providing a comprehensive review of the theory and practice addressing the subject of marketing at the bottom of the pyramid, focusing on marketing approaches to BOP consumers that both efficiently sell products to this market and enrich their quality of life. The study suggests that selling products to the bottom of the pyramid may be profitable, but companies must be creative in their approach to formulating marketing strategies in order to engage BOP consumers and earn a profit. Marketers should also cater to BOP consumers’ needs in order to foster strong and enduring relationships.
Dynamic response analysis for the aero-engine dual-rotor-bearing system with flexible coupling misalignment faults
Authors: Lu Zhenyong , Wang Xiaodong , Hou Lei , Chen Yushu , Li Hongliang
Published: August 2018

This paper focuses on the nonlinear response characteristics of an aero-engine dual-rotor-bearing system with flexible coupling misalignment faults in the low-pressure rotor system (rotor 2). The motion equations of the system are formulated by using finite element method, in which the excitations induced by the misalignment faults, the dual-unbalance excitations of the two rotors (the high-pressure rotor system-rotor 1 and the low-pressure rotor system-rotor 2), the gravities, and the nonlinear force induced by the inter-shaft bearing are all considered. By using numerical calculation method, the motion equations are solved to obtain the nonlinear responses of the system. Then, the nonlinear responses for the alignment dual-rotor-bearing system are analyzed, the hardening type hysteresis characteristics with jump phenomenon are shown. Accordingly, the nonlinear responses affected by the amount of parallel misalignment and angular misalignment are discussed in detail. The results show that, with the increase of by the amount of parallel misalignment (angular misalignment), the frequency components 2 times rotational speed of rotor 2 appear, and the amplitudes of the responses at the super-harmonic frequency components and combined frequency components get larger for not only rotor 2 but also rotor 1, which indicates that the vibration characteristics of misalignment faults in rotor 2 can be transmitted to the rotor 1 and can be used to diagnose the misalignment faults. The results obtained in this paper will contribute to the response analysis for the aero-engine dual-rotor-bearing system with flexible coupling misalignment faults.
Parallel simulation based adaptive prediction for equipment remaining useful life
Authors: Ge Chenglong , Zhu Yuanchang , Di Yanqiang , Dong Zhihua
Published: August 2018

The latest demands for remaining useful life (RUL) prediction are online prediction, real-time prediction and adaptive prediction. This paper addresses the demands of RUL prediction and proposes a novel framework of parallel simulation based adaptive prediction for equipment RUL. In the framework, a Wiener state space model (WSSM) is developed to achieve the aim, which considers the whole historical data and monitoring noise. Driven by the online observation data, the degradation state is estimated by the Kalman filter based data assimilation and the WSSM parameters are updated by the expectation maximum algorithm. An analytical RUL distribution considering the distribution of the degradation state is obtained based on the concept of the first hitting time. A case study for GaAs laser device is provided to substantiate the superiority of the proposed method compared with the competing method of traditional Wiener process. The results show that the parallel simulation method can provide better RUL prognostic accuracy.
Enhanced frequency domain decomposition algorithm: a review of a recent development for unbiased damping ratio estimates
Authors: A. Hasan M. Danial , Ahmad Z. A. B. , Salman Leong M. , Hee L. M.
Published: August 2018

Enhanced frequency domain decomposition (EFDD) is one of OMA methods and has received significant interest from the engineering community involved in the identification of the modal structure. The great attention towards this method is driven by its capability as a user-friendly and fast processing algorithm. However, this method has drawbacks in providing accurate identification of damping ratios, despite natural frequencies and mode shapes can be computed through assuredly and reasonably accurate estimates. The exact practical computation of modal damping is still an open issue, often leading to biased estimates since the errors are coming from every step in EFDD procedures and mainly due to signal processing. Thus, the computation of modal damping becomes tremendously vital in structural dynamics because modal damping is one of the critical parameters of resonance. This review aims to provide relevant essential information on modal damping for a reliable estimation, reduce uncertainties and define error bounds. A literature review has been carried out to find the best practice criteria for modal parameter identification, in particular, modal damping ratio.
Effects of axial movements of the ends and aspect ratio of laminated composite beams on their non-dimensional natural frequencies
Authors: Algarray A. F. Ahmed , Jun Hua
Published: August 2018

This study developed to solve the problem of prediction of the natural frequencies of free vibration for laminated beams. The study presented the natural frequencies of composite beams with four layered and different boundary conditions. In each boundary condition, two cases are assumed: movable ends and immovable ends. Numerical results are obtained for the same material to demonstrate the effects of the aspect ratio, fiber orientation, and the beam end-movements on the non-dimensional natural frequencies of beams. Two aspect ratios are given in the numerical results, one is for relatively short-thick beams, while the other is for slender beams. It was found that the results of the non-dimensional frequencies obtained from the short-thick beams are generally much less than those obtained from the other slender beams for same fiber orientation and generally, the frequencies of longitudinal vibration increase as the aspect ratio increased. It was also found the values of the non-dimensional frequencies of the transverse modes are not affected by the longitudinal movements of the ends since these modes are generated by lateral movements only. However, the values of the natural frequencies of longitudinal modes are found to be the same for all beams with movable ends since they are generated by longitudinal movements only.
Bifurcation and singularity analysis of HSLDS vibration isolation system with elastic base
Authors: Yu Xiang , Chai Kai , Liu Yongbao , Liu Shuyong
Published: August 2018

In order to reveal the bifurcation mechanism and optimize the system design for high-static-low-dynamic-stiffness (HSLDS) vibration isolation system (VIS) with elastic base, the local bifurcation analyses both in unfolding parameter space and physical parameter space were carried out theoretically and numerically. Firstly, the restoring force of the HSLDS-VIS was approximated to linear and cubic stiffness by applying the Maclaurin series expansion and the motion equations of HSLDS-VIS with elastic base were established. Subsequently, the motion equations of HSLDS-VIS with elastic base were formulated to transform the system into a standard form and the averaging method was applied to obtain the single-variable bifurcation equation for the HSLDS-VIS with elastic base in case of primary resonance and 1:2 internal resonance. Furthermore, the transition sets and bifurcation diagrams in the unfolding parameter space were studied by means of singularity theory. Finally, for the engineering application, the transition sets were transferred back to the physical parameter space, thus to obtain the bifurcation diagrams of the amplitude with respect to the external force. The numerical simulation results show that the local bifurcations of HSLDS-VIS with elastic base in case of 1:2 internal resonance are considerable complex and need to be analyzed in six two-parameters spaces, meanwhile, the necessary condition of multiple solutions lies in some physical parameters, which can provide a theoretical basis and reference for design and application of the HSLDS-VIS with elastic base.
Bagaimana Motivasi Berhenti Merokok Mahasiswa Di Kampus Kesehatan Yogyakarta?
Authors: Trisnowati Heni , Sabariah Eka Santi , Rusyani Yelli Yani
Published: August 2018

Latar belakangMasalah rokok sudah menjadi masalah nasional bahkan menjadi masalah internasional. Lebih dari 60 juta penduduk Indonesia mengalami ketidakberdayaan akibat dari adiksi nikotin rokok, dan kematian akibat mengkonsumsi rokok tercatat lebih dari 400 ribu orang per-tahun. Sebagai salah satu upaya membantu perokok untuk berhenti merokok diperlukan informasi mengenai gambaran motivasi berhenti merokok.TujuanPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proporsi perokok pada responden penelitian dan untuk mengetahui motivasi berhenti merokok pada mahasiswa di kampus kesehatan Yogyakarta.MetodePenelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendektan cross sectional. Jumlah Populasi penelitian 274 orang sementara sample diambil dengan menggunakan accidental sampling sebanyak 163 orang. Data tentang karakteristik dan gambaran motivasi berhenti merokok mahasiswa diperoleh dari kuesioner kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif menggunakan sistem komputer.HasilJumlah mahasiswa yang merokok sebanyak 20 orang (12.3%) sementara proporsi perokok laki-laki 4 kali lebih besar dibanding perokok wanita dan semua perokok mempunyai keinginan berhenti merokok. Pada kelompok laki-laki, terdapat 15 orang (32.6%) yang merokok sementara pada kelompok perempuan ada 5 orang (4.3%) yang merokok. Gambaran motivasi berhenti merokok sebagai berikut : mahasiswa yang sangat tertarik untuk berhenti merokok sebanyak 12 orang (60%); Jumlah mahasiswa yang akan berhenti merokok 7 orang (35%) sementara ada 9 orang (45%) kemungkinan akan menjadi non perokok.SimpulanSemua responden yang merokok memiliki motivasi untuk berhenti merokok. Hal ini memberi peluang bagi promotor kesehatan dan penggiat tobacco control untuk membantu perokok berhenti merokok dalam bentuk edukasi atau layanan berhenti merokok.
Langkah Advokasi untuk Memaksimalkan Promosi Kesehatan Rumah Sakit PT
Authors: Wicaksono Muhammad Cahyo , Fikri Mohammad
Published: August 2018

Kesejahteraan masyarakat merupakan tugas yang harus diperhatikan oleh pemerintah, serta dapat di bantu oleh pihak swasta atau sektor lain yang menunjang tugas tersebut. Rumah Sakit memiliki tanggung jawab yang erat kaitannya dengan kesejahteraan masyarakat, sehingga salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan membuat program Tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan atau Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) bagi perusahaan mulai tahun 2007 yang tertuang dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 Bab V Pasal 72 , “yang menyebutkan bahwa perseroan terbatas yang menjalankan usahanya di bidang atau berkaitan dengan sumber daya alam wajib melaksanakan tanggung jawab sosial dan lingkungan Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)”. Laporan akuntabilitas kinerja pusat promosi kesehatan tahun 2015 terdapat sasaran pelaksanaan pemberdayaan masyarakat dan promosi kesehatan kepada masyarakat salah satu upaya yang dilakukan adalah dengan meningkatnya jumlah dunia usaha yang memanfaatkan CSR untuk program kesehatan. Namun, pada praktiknya program CSR yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan atau rumah sakit masih banyak yang cenderung ditujukan untuk ‘meredam’ munculnya gejolak atau konflik antara masyarakat dengan perusahaan serta stigma masyarakat dan rumah sakit menganggap bahwa CSR bukan hal yang menguntungkan untuk dilakukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengadvokasi Rumah Sakit PT agar melaksanakan program dan memanfaatkan dana CSR dengan mamaksimalkan kinerja dari promosi kesehatan rumah sakit (PKRS). Sebab strategi dasar utama dalam promosi kesehatan yaitu : (1) Pemberdayaan, yang didukung oleh (2) Bina Suasana (3) Advokasi serta dijiwai semangat (4) Kemitraan. Oleh karena itu pentingnya advokasi untuk menyadarkan Rumah Sakit PT agar melaksanakan kewajibannya dengan benar.
Ketuk pintu lansia dan home visit untuk meningkatkan partisipasi dalam kegiatan Posyandu lansia
Authors: Zega Bernike Sofia
Published: August 2018

Tujuan: Hipertensi menjadi masalah kesehatan utama yang ditemukan di Padukuhan Nglaban, Sinduharjo, Ngaglik, Sleman dan umumnya terjadi pada kelompok lanjut usia. Upaya pencegahan dan deteksi dini PTM melalui kegiatan posyandu lansia belum efektif dan baru dimulai pada Desember 2016. Peningkatan kapasitas kader diperlukan agar mampu mengembangkan kegiatan posyandu lansia. Namun, upaya lain yang langsung menyasar peserta posyandu lansia dibutuhkan agar posyandu lansia dapat menjalankan fungsinya dengan baik, yaitu KPL. KPL dilakukan untuk mensosialisasikan kembali posyandu lansia sekaligus pendataan ulang lansia. Hasil pendataan akan menunjukkan jumlah seluruh lansia dan  lansia yang harus dikunjungi karena tidak dapat langsung datang ke lokasi posyandu, dimana program ini disebut home visit. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan pre-experimental dan semi-kualitatif. Intervensi yang dilakukan berupa Ketuk Pintu Lansia (KPL) dan home visit.  Evaluasi program dilakukan dengan cara observasi dan wawancara. Hasil: Program Ketuk Pintu Lansia (KPL) dan home visit efektif dalam meningkatkan partisipasi lansia dalam kegiatan posyandu lansia. Jumlah lansia yang berpartisipasi pada kegiatan posyandu lansia sebanyak 54 orang, dimana 4 diantaranya dilakukan home visit.Terjadi peningkatan yang signifikan dimana jumlah partisipan pada bulan sebelumnya adalah 20 orang dari total 70 lansia. Simpulan: Program Ketuk Pintu Lansia (KPL) dan home visit dapat meningkatkan kesadaran akan kebutuhan dan kepemilikan posyandu lansia.Kata Kunci: ketuk pintu lansia; home visit; posyandu lansia.
“Person with disabilities” and their “social determinants of health”- the neglected paradigm of public health
Authors: Karim Mohammad Monjurul
Published: August 2018

This study was conducted to aware the audience to be more concern about “person with disabilities” and their “social determinants of health” as an emerging area in public health. WHO mentioned, 15% of the global populations are suffering from some form of disabilities and the number is higher comparing the report of 1970s. Public health aim to prevent mortality, morbidity and disability in different sectors (Donald, Lollar & John, 2003). But its alarming that disability preventive program often neglected in public health programs. Even the link between diseases and disability is often overlooked in several cases like GBS, encephalitis, transverse myelitis etc. Reduced inflow and increased outflow of finance and social determinants of health impact negatively on the life of the person with disabilities. Continuous effort to improve the social determinants of health worked tremendously over the last few decades to improve the life of human being globally, which is unfortunately sometimes worked as predisposing factor to the increased number of disabilities. But effort to reduce burden of disability and to improve SDH is just negligible. The 67th World Health Assembly adopted a resolution endorsing the WHO global disability action plan 2014–2021: Better health for all people with disability. It reflects the major shift in global understanding and responses towards disability. It could be concluded that it’s the high time to look more precisely in this neglected area whiting various discourse of SDH which will be a big burden of the public health in coming days. More research is required to minimize number of disability as well the after math of disability.