bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Berry Plants Distribution in Lesser Caucasus Territory
Authors: Sardarova D.
Published: January 2023

The Caucasus is distinguished by an extraordinary diversity of ecosystems and includes up to 40% of the landscape type of the Earth. There are 6000 plant species here. In this regard, there is a need to ensure the environmental safety of the ecosystems of the Caucasus and the protection of biological diversity at all levels. The flora of Azerbaijan is the richest corner of the Caucasus and includes 4500 species, of which 200 are national and 950 are endemic to the Caucasus. Many changes occurring in the environment, including the impact of man-made factors, acute consequences occurring in the environment, changes observed in finishing conditions, etc. factors lead to the loss of the local varietal base and the wild heritage of many plant species, including fruits and berries. Numerous berry plants, common in the forests of the Greater and Lesser Caucasus, allow the population to use them both for food and for breeding purposes. We tried to study the taxonomic spectrum, range and effective ways of using wild berry plants growing wild in these areas, less common in cultivation and non-traditional wild berry plants. In addition to strawberries, red currants, black currants, raspberries, blackberries, which are many berry plants widely cultivated by the population on farms in the forests of the region and included in the group of traditional plants, other berry plants that occur wild in forests, but are known only to the local population - there are also varieties of Gooseberries, Blueberries, Blueberries. As can be seen from the above, the forests of the Lesser Caucasus of Azerbaijan, along with other types of fruit plants, are also rich in berry plants, which are used only to a limited extent, in local conditions, and which are new to many and non-traditional to most.
The Effect of Moisture Distribution on the Differentiation of the Cryometamorphic Soils Profile
Authors: Korkina E. , Kryukova Yu. , Safin A.
Published: January 2023

In this research investigation is loamy soils. Cryometamorphic division is diagnosed according to the Classification and Diagnostics of Soils of Russia or Luvisolic Souls according to WRB. These soils are formed on uplands, uvals, in conditions of good drainage. However, the eluvial process is difficult and there is practically no podzolic horizon in the soil profile. Earlier research attributed the weak differentiation of the soil profile to low temperatures and prolonged soil freezing. With the help of trigonometric levelling of the relief surface, automatic monitoring system for temperatures, soil humidity, as well as methods that study the hydrological regime of soils, it was revealed that the soils of the cryometamorphic department have unsatisfactory water permeability of soil. Meltwater rolls down the slope, forming a stagnant hydrological regime in the runnels, contributing to peat accumulation. A differentiated profile forms on the slopes. Lateral water movements along the slope carry iron oxides, fine material and form an eluvial horizon. The lower cryometamorphic horizons do not currently freeze, but their formation has been influenced by permafrost processes in the past. As a result of pulling hygroscopic moisture and thin mineral quartz grains to the freezing front, skeletans were formed on the surfaces of pedas. Coatings are formed on the surface of the units at a depth of 1 m. Moisture in the soil is an important factor for the formation of soils with a differentiated profile and an undifferentiated profile. Soil moisture monitoring is important to describe the regulatory growing functions of valuable conifers such as Pinus sibirica and Picea obovate.
Landscape Features of the Talas Sub-sector in Tien-Shan
Authors: Matikeev T. , Sherbaeva Z. , Shaimkulova R. , Isakova U.
Published: January 2023

This article analyzes mountain’s location in the valleys of Talas sub-sector Tien-Shan, the influence of climate, formation of landscape features of high-altitude zones, and landscape types according to humidity. Research objectives: reveal the role of altitude zones in formation of landscape features. Research was carried out based on the study of Talas subsector, which is an open valley located between Kyrgyz Ala-Too (north) and Talas Ala-Too (south), connected to the Turan basin in the west. The open ridge consists of a series of closed ridges, isolated and closed lateral mountains. In Talas sub-sectors, it is important to create a theory of mixing high-altitude zones, that is, a Double Zone Theory and divide them into types (arid, semi-arid, medium humidity, high humidity and excessive humidity). Conclusions: each complex has its own lithological-structural structure, which depends on external factors.
Annual Growth of Quince Varieties in Azerbaijan
Authors: Muradova L.
Published: January 2023

Azerbaijan, due to the favorable combination of soil and climatic conditions, is the most important region in the world for the development of commercial horticulture. Horticulture is characterized by product innovation, which is characterized by the introduction into production of valuable varieties of fruit and berry crops, new technologies for their cultivation, storage and processing. When cultivating fruit plants, it is necessary to pay attention to the important role of the biological characteristics of varieties, including the annual growth of trees. As you know, annual growth is a shoot, that is, an annual stem with leaves or buds located on it, which has grown during the last growing season. The research results showed that the annual growth, leaf area and foliage index of quince bushes differ significantly depending on the variety. The total number of shoots on a bush between the studied varieties varies from 50 to 104 pieces. By varieties, this indicator is: Shakeri quince — 50 pcs., Velechin — 75 pcs., Sary quince, Penser and Bardak quince — 84 pcs., Garaman quince — 104 pcs. The average length of one shoot between the studied varieties fluctuates 5.0-9.6 cm. Based on the above, the annual growth by varieties ranges from 0.480-0.655 m.
The Effect of Innovative Hydroponic Feed Technology on Poultry Performance in Private Farms
Authors: Hasanov M. , Shahbazov B. , Huseynov T.
Published: January 2023

The research was carried out at the Scientific Research Veterinary Institute and in the subsidiary farms of the Khachmaz district (Azerbaijan). The article presents data on the development of poultry farming and food production. To develop a rational and proper feeding of poultry, the addition of antibiotic-effective plants with high nutritional qualities, to the feeding of chickens was used. This led to an increase in meat productivity, a reduction in feeding costs, and an improvement in productivity. Thus, an experiment was conducted by adding the antibiotic-effective plants of sorghum, licorice root, amaranth grain and hydroponically germinated corn, barley, amaranth and sorghum grain to the feed share of young birds to study the effect on meat productivity.
Patients’ Satisfaction With the Quality of Emergency Medical Care Service in the Example of Osh City
Authors: Ismailova F. , Karataev M.
Published: January 2023

The article presents a study on patients’ satisfaction with the quality of emergency ambulance medical care service in Osh city. Improving the patients’ satisfaction with the quality of medical care is a key goal of any healthcare organizations. Identifying and resolving the problems (shortcomings) in conducting emergency medical care to people in timely manner is one of the effective mechanisms in quality improvement of the medical care system. An analysis is made of the findings of a survey of population views on the state and the quality of emergency (ambulance) medical care center of Osh city, on the work of it’s the dispatch unit (call center) and on the level of its technical/equipment capacity. The survey shows the prevalence of women (65.8%) who are actively using the service of emergency medical care. Among the respondents, 24% expressed their dissatisfaction with the work of dispatch unit “103”, and 37% of patients have responded that they are unsatisfied with the work of the ambulance, and 40% of the respondents were expressed their dissatisfaction with the level of technical/equipment capacity and medications provided by the ambulance unit. Among the other reasons for patients’ dissatisfaction were the lack of information provided on medical condition of the patients, the overall inadequate medical assistance provided by the emergency ambulance service, and lack of professional attitude or rude behavior toward the patients. To evaluate the quality of the work of ambulance service, the study underlines the necessity of developing and implementing a standardized questionnaire for the patients which allows to identify shortcomings and develop recommendations to the problems of the ambulance service.
Issues of Financial Reform of Culture and Art Institutions
Authors: Abipova G.
Published: January 2023

In the article, the importance of financial reform in order to ensure the financial stability of institutions in the field of culture and art of our country in the conditions of the market economy was studied, and the main tasks in its implementation were determined. A financial reform program was proposed as a result of the study. At the same time, the profitability index was obtained in the evaluation of the results of the financial reform of cultural and art institutions.
Tactical Combinations in the Disclosure and Investigation of Serious Crimes (On the Materials of Housing Cooperatives, Pyramid Schemes in the Kyrgyz Republic in 2022)
Authors: Asilbekov A.
Published: January 2023

Due to the lack of adequate legal regulation of the fight against various kinds of fraud in the Kyrgyz Republic, many people are currently becoming victims of the so-called housing cooperatives, shared housing construction, etc. almost every day, deceived shareholders and depositors give press conferences with appeals to the country’s leadership and law enforcement agencies with requests to take action against newly-minted scammers.
Sentence of the Court: Order and Problems of the Decision (Continuation)
Authors: Kostyukov D. , Garmaev Yu.
Published: January 2023

The features, order and problems of sentencing are considered. The verdict of the court is the final decision in the criminal case. Particular attention in the article is paid to the order of the decision and pronouncement of the sentence and the legal status of the judge. An important problem of criminal proceedings in relation to the issuance of a reasonable and fair judgment is the imperfection of the legislation.
Convergence of the Phenomenon of Specialization in the Field of Digital Technology of Education
Authors: Arypbekova K.
Published: January 2023

Analyzes the problems of convergence of the phenomenon of socialization in interactive methods of online learning. The advantages and some disadvantages of digital technology in comparison with traditional teaching technologies are listed. New educational technologies define a convergent model of an intellectual educational environment and point to the convergence of educational programs and standards.
Signs of the Verbs Movement in the Kyrgyz and Russian Languages
Authors: Kokchoeva S.
Published: January 2023

This article discusses the semantics of movement verbs in Kyrgyz and Russian languages in a comparative typological aspect. One of the main lexical-semantic groups of the semantic system of the verb are the verbs of movement. Verbs of movement — one of the main semantic varieties of the substantive aspect of the verb. They occupy a prominent place in the semantic side of the language. Therefore, the relevance of the study in the multi-structural languages of the semantic system of motion verbs is very rich in meanings and shades of meanings. The basis of the lexical meaning is a concept that, however, is not identical with the meaning. The lexical meanings of words can be close to each other, for example, the verbs of the movement “выйти” — “go out, go out” and “уйти” — “go away, go away, go away” and may not have any connections with each other at all, for example, “прийти” — “come, come” and “спать” — “sleep”, “идти” — “walk, go” and “жениться” — “get married”, “думать” — “think” such examples are reflected. In addition, it was noted since the lexical meaning consists of two components — the significative and denotative, they are essentially characteristic of the verbs of movement.
Manyetik Rezonans Kontrast Ajanların Sıçan Beyni Üzerine Etkilerinin Histopatolojik Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: BEYAZAL ÇELİKER Fatma , TÜMKAYA Levent , MERCANTEPE Tolga , BEYAZAL Mehmet , TURAN Arzu , BURAKGAZİ Gülen , HÜRSOY Nur
Published: January 2023

Amaç: Gadolinyum tabanlı kontrast ajanlar (GBCA), manyetik rezonans görüntülemelerde (MRG) kontrast sağlamak amaçlı kullanılmaktadır. GBKA yapısına bağlı olarak beyin dokusu ve diğer dokularda birikim olduğu ile ilgili çalışmalar mevcuttur. Bu prospektif hayvan çalışmasında, makrosiklik iyonik (Gadoterik asit) ve lineer noniyonik (Gadodiamide) GBCA'ın çoklu enjeksiyonlarının sıçan santral sinir sistemindeki etkisini histopatolojik olarak değerlendirmek ve moleküler yapısına göre karşılaştırmak amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Sprague-Dawley cinsi erkek sıçanlara haftada 4 gün gün aşırı, ve her seferinde 0.1 mmol (0,2 ml/kg) /mg/kg gadodiamide ve gadoterik asid 5 hafta boyunca uygulandıktan sonra 5 hafta ilaçsız bekletildi. Onuncu haftanın sonunda sıçanlar anestezi altında uyutulup beyin dokusundan örnekler alındı. Beyin dokusu örnekleri beyin dokusu üzerine yapılmış toksisite çalışmalarına uygun bir şekilde, serebral korteksden farklı alanlarda atipik nöron ve oligodendositler körleme olarak iki histopatolog tarafından ışık mikroskobu altında skorlanarak değerlendirildi. Elde edilen veriler Kruskal-Wallis testi ile ve gruplar arası karşılaştırmalar ise Tamhane T2 ile değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Kontrol ve serum fizyolojik grubuna ait deneklerin beyin dokusu ışık mikroskobik kesitlerinde gri ve beyaz cevher normal histolojik yapı özellikleri sergilediği izlendi. Gadodiamide uygulanmış grubun beyin dokusuna ait kesitlerinde tipik yapıda nöronlar ve oligodendrositler mevcut olup herhangi bir patoloji gözlemlenmedi. Gadoterik asit grubunda tipik yapıda oligodenraositler gözlenmekle beraber birkaç atipik nöron dışında herhangi bir patolojik yapı izlenmedi.

Sonuç: Gadolinium uzun süreli diagnostik alımlarında sıçan beyin hücrelerinde patolojik bulguya neden olmamaktadır. Bu bulgular kontrast maddenin kimyasal yapısına göre (lineer ya da makrosiklik ) farklılık göstermemektedir.
Evaluation of the Roughness of the Enamel Surface According to Profilometry Data (Pilot Study)
Authors: Razumova S. N. , Kozlova Y. S. , Brago A. S. , Barakat H. , Manvelyan A. S.
Published: January 2023

The right choice of home hygiene products: toothbrush and toothpaste are an important aspect. The combination of different hardness of toothbrush and varying abrasiveness of tooth paste has not been fully explored.Aim. To study the effect of a soft brush on the enamel surface according to profilometry data.Materials and methods. For research, a special device was used to simulate the annual brushing of teeth. Abrasion was carried out on 6 extracted teeth, according to periodontal indications. Samples size was 1x1cm from 6 teeth removed for periodontal indications. Abrasion was carried out with a soft brush without the addition of paste on samples № 1,2,3 and with a soft brush in combination with a low abrasive paste with RDA 35 on samples № 4,5,6. The results of profilometry data were recorded at following time points - the initial state of the tooth, 1 week, 1 month, 6 months, 1 year.Conclusion. Using only a soft brush without toothpaste does not change the roughness of the tooth surface while simulating an annual brushing and the combination of a soft brush with a low abrasive paste polishes the enamel surface.
Local application of collagen sponge Alvokon after tooth extraction surgery
Authors: Kostina I. N. , Ognev M. Y.
Published: January 2023

After tooth extraction, it is necessary to create favorable conditions for the healing of the hole of the removed tooth. Dynamic observation of the patient by the attending physician is generally accepted to assess the condition of the postoperative wound and the patient’s implementation of recommendations for oral care. However, patients often note the presence of pain and swelling of the mucous membrane of the well of the removed tooth.Stude – a comparative assessment of the course of the early postoperative period in patients with local application of collagen sponges Alvokon and Alvostaz.Materials and methods. A prospective randomized study of 80 patients aged 20 to 59 years was conducted. The patients underwent a tooth extraction operation under local anesthesia. The patients were divided into 4 groups of 20 people. In patients of the first group, a collagen sponge Alvocon No. 3 was placed in the hole of the removed tooth, in patients of the second group – a collagen sponge Alvocon No. 5 in patients of the third group – a hemostatic collagen sponge «Alvostaz». Local medicines were not used in patients of the fourth group after tooth extraction. In the postoperative period, the presence of pain and the condition of the hole of the removed tooth were assessed.Results. Wound healing proceeded by secondary tension without complications in all patients. Comparing the nature of the course of the early postoperative period, pain after tooth extraction in patients of different groups varied from 5 to 50% of cases, and the presence of edema of the wound edges – from 5 to 100% of cases.Conclusions. Pain in the early postoperative period is expressed 2 times less when using the collagen sponge Alvokon No. 5. Edema of the marginal gum of the well of the removed tooth was 1.1 times less when using the collagen sponge Alvokon, 1.2 times when using the hemostatic collagen sponge Alvostaz in comparison with the group of patients without the use of a sponge.
Noma: difficulties of diagnosis (clinical case)
Authors: Eremin D. , Orazvaliev A. , Martirosov A. , Pakhomova E. , Nikolskaya I. , Mikhailiva E. , Bugayan S. , Shevnitsyn D.
Published: January 2023

The paper describes two clinical cases of treatment of patients with noma. This disease is extremely rare in the Russian Federation, and therefore its diagnosis causes difficulties, and incorrect routing of patients, due to diagnostic mistakes, leads to an increase in the time before the start of specialized care. Rapid progression of wet gangrene, in the absence of timely diagnosis and qualified treatment, leads to extensive defects of the maxillofacial region, severe intoxication, sepsis. In the first case, after surgical treatment of noma, the patient developed an extensive tissue defect of the left half of the face, which in the future will require reconstructive surgical treatment. In the second case, after surgical treatment, the patient had an extensive tissue defect in the middle zone of the face, and systemic disorders against the background of intoxication led to the death of the patient on the 7th day after hospitalization. Both clinical cases confirm the role of immunosuppression in the etiology of noma.
Determining the optimal neural network structure for the development of decision support programmes in dental implantation
Authors: Dolgalev A. A. , Muraev A. A. , Lyakhov P. A. , Lyakhova U. A. , Choniashvili D. Z. , Zolotayev K. E. , Semerikov D. Yu. , Avanisyan V. M.
Published: January 2023

Introduction. Medicine is currently considered one of the strategic and promising areas for effective implementation of artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence in dentistry is a method of creating a second informed opinion that is based on mathematical decision making and prediction. Neural network technologies are applied in areas such as analysis of dental radiographs, prediction of oral treatment needs in children, classification of dental plaque and treatment planning for orthognathic surgery, and assisted diagnosis of caries.The purpose of the study was to develop an optimal neural network structure to assess the risk of complications in implant treatment of partial and total tooth loss.Material and methods. For the effective selection the optimal topology of the neural network to assess the risk of complications in the implant treatment of tooth loss a series of experimental simulations of neural network architectures by trial and error was conducted. The database was a table of 1800 patient clinical cases. A total of 1626 clinical cases were used for the simulations, which were divided into data for training and testing at a percentage of 80 to 20. Modelling was done using the high-level programming language Python 3.8.8. All the simulations were performed on a 3.00 GHz Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8500 processor with 16 GB RAM and a 64-bit Windows 10 operating system.Results. Because of the simulations, plots of recognition accuracy as well as error values for each of the developed neural network topologies were obtained. To improve the accuracy of the developed neural network topologies to assess the risk of complications during the implant treatment of maxillofacial pathology, a statistical study of the collected simulation database was conducted. For investigation the relationship between each patient parameter and the «implant engraftment acceptability» parameter, a parametric statistical method represented by the correlation coefficient was chosen. As a result of modeling by trial and error method it was found that using the neural network architecture № 7 without batch normalization layers (BatchNorm1d) allows achieving faster learning results with rather high recognition accuracy in a smaller number of epochs. Transforming the simulation base and reducing the input signal size significantly improved the recognition accuracy in comparison with the results of the first simulation of the different neural network systems for recognition of the implant engraftment success. The proposed topology of the neural network № 5 is the most optimal for the accuracy of recognition of the successful implant survival.
Voluntary health insurance for dental treatment of the population of Russia (literature review)
Authors: Wagner V. D. , Losev F. F. , Markina L. A.
Published: January 2023

The need for dental care of the adult population varies in different countries from 35 to 82%. The state healthcare system provides the same level of medical care for the entire population of Russia, but does not fully satisfy the need for full-fledged and high-quality treatment. The existing system of compulsory medical insurance in our country, which allows the majority of the population to receive a certain amount of medical services free of charge for patients, provides an alternative – a system of voluntary medical insurance. This system guarantees the protection of the interests of patients and meets modern requirements for the provision of qualified medical dental services, but needs further development and requires changes and additions to the regulatory framework. The wide development of voluntary medical insurance in the regions is hindered by a number of factors: an undeveloped infrastructure for the provision of medical services, the slow development of medical institutions, poor adaptation of doctors to better work within the framework of voluntary medical insurance, as well as low effective demand of the population.
Tromboembolismo Pulmonar Agudo - revisão sistemática sobre o manejo da doença e novas perspectivas na intervenção cirúrgica em pacientes graves
Authors: Seraphim Julia Coser , Araujo João Vitor Gontijo , De Araújo Giovanna Irineu , Poubel Júlia Barcelos , Gama Juliana Vieira , Rech Gabriela , Martins Leandra Carla Saez , Araújo Tainara Fernanda Cândida , Leles Vanessa de Paiva
Published: January 2023

O tromboembolismo pulmonar apresenta elevada morbimortalidade quando não diagnosticado e tratado rapidamente. Por apresentar um quadro clínico inespecífico, pode ser confundido com inúmeras patologias e, nesse sentido, para o seu devido diagnóstico, o TEP sempre deve ser considerado em pacientes com sintomas cardiorrespiratórios e portadores de fatores de risco. Dessa forma, a partir da suspeição clínica, tem-se intitulado inúmeros exames complementares que auxiliam na confirmação diagnóstica, sendo a angiotomografia computadorizada (angio-TC) considerada, atualmente, o padrão ouro. Contudo, outras ferramentas podem auxiliar no diagnóstico, como o escore de WELLs, a dosagem do Dímero-D e a ultrassonografia com doppler de membros inferiores. Ademais, a doença pode ser estratificada, a depender de sua gravidade, em TEP maciço, submaciço e leve; nesse sentido, a depender da estratificação, institui-se diferentes tratamentos. Atualmente, o TEP submaciço tem gerado inúmeras discussões, a respeito de qual tratamento instituir: um manejo intensivo - através de intervenção cirúrgica ou fibrinólise - ou conservador - mesmo tratamento do quadro leve de TEP. Entretanto, para o manejo do TEP maciço, tem-se ganhado espaço a intervenção cirúrgica, visto que em muitas circunstâncias há contraindicações no uso de fibrinólise como medida terapêutica. Por fim, para o TEP leve, recomenda-se a terapia de suporte e o uso de anticoagulantes orais.
Avaliação da adesão ao tratamento farmacológico em pacientes com Transtornos de Ansiedade e Depressão por meio do cuidado farmacêutico
Authors: Moreira Michelle Zlatic Conte , Uber Ana Paula , Godinho Jacqueline
Published: January 2023

A ansiedade e a depressão vêm se instalando gradativamente na população, fazendo com que seja necessária a utilização de fármacos para o tratamento do paciente a fim de restaurar sua qualidade de vida, reduzindo seus sintomas ansiosos e depressivos. O objetivo do seguinte estudo foi identificar o que reduz a adesão ao tratamento farmacológico ou a interrupção do mesmo, por meio do cuidado farmacêutico. Para tanto, realizou-se estudo descritivo, no qual participaram 20 pacientes de uma farmácia de dispensação, que fazem uso de antidepressivos para o tratamento dos transtornos de ansiedade e depressão. Foi realizada entrevista individual por meio de um formulário semiestruturado, onde observou que a presença dos efeitos colaterais por meio do uso de medicamentos para a ansiedade e depressão, pode contribuir para a interrupção do tratamento, principalmente, quando ocorre a falta de informações referente ao tratamento farmacológico entre o médico e o paciente. Outro ponto importante é a presença do profissional farmacêutico, que com todo seu conhecimento transmite informações ao paciente, como os possíveis efeitos colaterais da medicação no início do tratamento; o tempo hábil para a melhora dos sintomas ansiosos e depressivos, reduzindo assim, possíveis frustrações, aumentando a adesão ao tratamento farmacológico. Conclui-se que o cuidado farmacêutico é uma resposta positiva na adesão ao tratamento farmacológico em pacientes em uso de antidepressivos para o tratamento da ansiedade e depressão.
Estudo comparativo entre a medição de temperatura no torneamento convencional a seco por imagem termográfica e o modelo analítico de Trigger e Chao
Authors: Pagotto Carlos Renato
Published: January 2023

A análise da temperatura no processo de usinagem é de grande importância, influenciando diversos fatores, seja de forma direta ou indireta, como desgaste e vida da ferramenta, uso e escolha de lubrificantes, determinação dos parâmetros de corte, entre outros. O presente trabalho buscou viabilizar o uso da termografia na usinagem. Utilizando a câmera termográfica para captar o calor na forma de imagem e mensurar a máxima temperatura obtida no processo, e posteriormente comparou-se com o modelo analítico de Trigger e Chao, que propõe calcular o aumento médio da temperatura de deformação do cavaco devido ao cisalhamento e o aumento de temperatura devido ao atrito ferramenta/cavaco na superfície de saída, sendo a temperatura final a soma dessas duas. As imagens termográficas foram coletadas durante o corte ortogonal a seco, utilizando pastilha de metal duro revestido, e o aço SAE 1045 como material usinado. A câmera de imagem térmica faz a leitura da intensidade de radiação na faixa do infravermelho do espectro eletromagnético (invisível para o olho humano) e converte para uma imagem visível. O uso das câmeras de imagem térmicas no contexto da usinagem é ainda recente e com poucas informações disponíveis sobre esse método. Portanto, é um campo onde podem ser descobertos os mais variados métodos e abordagens, de modo a contribuir para o desenvolvimento na área. Para os experimentos, parâmetros de corte foram variados (avanço e profundidade de corte, para determinadas rotações da máquina-ferramenta), buscando a relação existente entre o comportamento da temperatura e a variação destes parâmetros na análise experimental e no modelo analítico escolhido. A partir da análise dos resultados obtidos foi possível estabelecer relações entre os métodos abordados. Sendo o comportamento da temperatura em função dos parâmetros utilizados coerente com o encontrado na literatura, mostrando que a câmera termográfica é viável para este tipo de abordagem.
O uso da sala invertida utilizando o recurso histórias em quadrinhos
Authors: Panzarin Ivone Colú Frederico
Published: January 2023

Este trabalho de investigação partiu da constatação segundo a qual os alunos dos anos finais, apresentavam rendimentos insatisfatórios na aprendizagem da leitura e escrita. Na sala invertida, os alunos têm possibilidade do protagonismo. As estratégias devem ser incorporadas mediante agrupamentos produtivos. Planejar aulas que sistematizem trabalhos práticos e teóricos, centradas na escrita e leitura, pois as aulas invertidas com interação sistemática e os problemas vinculados ao desenvolvimento da escrita, podem ser solucionados mediante as aulas invertidas e com a inserção dos projetos histórias em quadrinhos, em que o aluno seja o pesquisador e o professor o articulador do processo de aprendizagem.
Measurement of ampicillin and penicillin G antibiotics in wastewater treatment plants during the COVID-19 pandemic: A case study in Isfahan
Authors: Samandari Mehri , Movahedian Attar Hossein , Ebrahimpour Karim , Mohammadi Farzaneh , Ghodsi Soudabeh
Published: January 2023

Background: In recent years, the world has faced with the COVID-19 pandemic, followed by a significant increase in the use of antibiotics to control the COVID-19 and other secondary infections. The nonbiodegradable characteristics of antibiotics and their residues in the environment leads to increased microbial and drug resistance. Therefore, due to the high importance of antibiotics, two antibiotics, ampicillin and penicillin G, were studied in Isfahan municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Methods: Sampling was performed for two months during 13 sampling periods and antibiotics were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detector (HPLC/UV) instrument. Results: Ampicillin and penicillin G were identified in all samples taken from the both WWTPs. The average concentration of penicillin G in WWTP E and S at the influent, effluent and its removal efficiency were 1050.54±761.43 µg/L, 52.89±49.27 µg/L, 89.80±19.42%, 2055.12±1788.08 µg/L, 143.01±162.59 µg/L and 82.76±21.85%, respectively. Also, the average concentration of ampicillin in WWTP E and S in the influent (796.44±809.6 and 447.1±322.39 µg/L), effluent (48.94±24.25 and 90.31±75.91 µg/L), and its removal efficiency (86.22±19.84% and 66.85±24.88%) were determined. Conclusion: In two studied WWTPs, the concentration of antibiotics was higher during the COVID-19 pandemic in comparison with previous studies. The statistical analysis showed that there was no significant relationship between the concentration of antibiotics in WWTPs (P<0.05). Also, the statistical results indicated that the correlation is not significant between removal efficiency of antibiotics and removal efficiency of wastewater main parameters.
Evaluation and spatial noise mapping using geographical information system (GIS): A case study in Zaria city, Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors: Abraham Idoko Apeh , Sunday Igboro Bamedele , Saulawa Sani Badrudden , Eneogwe Chukwuemeka
Published: January 2023

Background: Spatial noise level mapping using a geographical information system (GIS) is essential for the visual colour representation of noise analysis, which is a necessity for strategic planning and mitigating measures. Methods: Extech noise meter (model 407750) was used for sound measurement and a GIS (inverse distance weighted) was used in 54 study locations for the spatial interpolation. The study was classified into five categories based on Nigeria’s WHO standard and National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA). Results: For the LDAY (D),LEvening (E), LNight (N), and LDEN, all the locations exceeded the WHO standard while 94.4%, 90.7%, 83.3%, and 83.3% of the locations exceeded the NESREA standard. The LDay (D) ranged from the minimum value of 67.6 dB (A) at the Ijaw residential area to the maximum value of 93.0 dB (A) at Kwangila site (1) intersection. The LNight ranged from the minimum value of 63.3 dB (A) at Dogorawa residential area to the maximum value of 92.1 dB (A) at Kwangila site (1). The LDEN ranged from the minimum value of 73.1 dB (A) at Hanwa residential areas to the maximum value of 97.2 dB (A) at Kwangila site (1). The noise quality rating ranged from satisfactory to unallowed noise quality grading. The selected intersections and residential areas with light commercial activities had the highest and lowest noise levels, respectively. Conclusion: Efficient maintenance of silencers, planting trees with dense foliage, and strategic planning would be necessary panacea in curbing excessive noise.
Evaluation of adsorption efficiency of activated carbon functionalized with methyl diethanolamine in carbon dioxide gas
Authors: Haghmoradkhani Ali , Pardakhti Alireza , Zahed Mohammad Ali
Published: January 2023

Background: Adsorption is a process in which some of the components in the fluid phase, are selectively transferred to the surface of the porous solid particles in the filled bed, which is called the adsorbent. The aim of this study was to examine the adsorption effectiveness of CO2 by activated carbon functionalized with methyl diethanolamine (MDEA), as well as the effects of adsorption temperature, the total pressure of adsorption, and mass of adsorbent. Methods: Activated carbon was first produced using the desired biomasses and suitable activated carbon was chosen. The activated carbon was then functionalized with MDEA amination method. The crystal structure of adsorbents was studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. In addition, the porosity, specific surface area and structure of prepared activated carbon were measured using BET techniques. Finally, the morphology and strength of the functional groups were measured using Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses. Results: The findings of the FESEM and BET analyses for functionalized activated carbon revealed that the specific surface area of the adsorbent increased throughout the chemical and physical modification process, resulting in a BET amount of 725/84 m2 /g. The results showed that the selectivity of the functionalized activated carbon is greater than that of the non-functionalized adsorbent. Conclusion: The adsorption capacity of functionalized activated carbon was 3.98 mmol CO2 g-1 sorbent, compared to 2.587 mmol CO2 g-1 sorbent in the non-functionalized carbon, indicating a 35% improvement in the efficiency of the functionalized sample. According to the findings of the desorption experiments, functionalized carbon shows a 25% decrease in CO2 adsorption efficiency after 20 desorption steps.
Distribution and risk assessment of toxic metal pollution in the soil and sediment around the copper mine
Authors: Ganjeizadeh Rohani Fatemeh , Mohamadi Neda
Published: January 2023

Background: Industrial pollution of metals is a serious environmental concern. The presence of Sarcheshmeh copper (Cu) mine and the possibility of soil pollution, were the primary motivations for evaluating heavy metals in this area. Methods: A total of 171 soil and 10 sediment samples were collected randomly from the study area for Cu, aluminum (Al), molybdenum (Mo), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd) determination. The USEPA method was used to acid digest soil samples, and metals present in the samples were detected using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Results: By measuring metal concentrations and calculating the geo-accumulation index (Igeo), enrichment factor (EF), and contamination factor (CF), the level of soil pollution by metals was assessed. It was found that soil and sediment samples were contaminated with Cu and the pollution decreased from the mine to Rafsanjan city, indicating that the pollution was anthropogenic. The soil has not been poisoned by Al or non-natural states because it was alkaline. Sediment samples were less than moderately polluted by Mo and Pb, but Cd and Cu were more problematic. Conclusion: Increasing the distance from the Cu mine resulted in a decrease in toxic metal concentration. The study concludes that by monitoring and filtering wastewater from the Cu mine, pollution caused by trace elements in the soil can be greatly reduced.
Production of fuel briquette from solid waste biomass using natural resin as a binder
Authors: Bayu Abreham Bekele , Beyan Surafel Mustefa , Amibo Temesgen Abeto , Mekonnen Dereje Tadesse
Published: January 2023

Background: This research aimed to evaluate the use of natural resin as a binder for the production of fuel briquette from solid waste biomass. Methods: Proximate analyses were made for fuel briquette prepared from solid waste biomass using natural resin as a binder in comparison with using starch as a binder. Results: The results for density, percent content of moisture, percent content of volatile matter, percent content of ash, percent content of fixed carbon, and the caloric value of solid waste biomass obtained were 158.23 kg/m3 , 18.25%, 65.99%, 4.78%, 10.98%, and 18.65 MJ/kg, respectively. Besides natural resin binder-used fuel briquette was characterized for its density, percent content of porosity weight index, percent content of shatter resistance, percent content of moisture content, percent content of volatile matter, percent content of ash content, percent content of fixed carbon content, and caloric values as 751.05 kg/m3 , 13%, 40%, 4%, 12%, 1%, 30%, and 27.05 MJ/kg, respectively. In the same way, the starch binder-used fuel briquette was characterized for its density, percent content of porosity, weight index, percent content of shatter resistance, percent content of moisture content, percent content of volatile matter, percent content of ash, percent content of fixed carbon, and caloric values as 760 kg/m3 , 10%, 42%, 4%, 11%, 2%, 31%, and 28.09 MJ/kg, respectively. Conclusion: According to the results of the study, it can be concluded that all characterized properties using natural resin as a binder indicate almost comparative properties in comparison with the use of starch as a binder.
Microbiological contamination of commercial enteral feeding and blenderized tube feeding: A systematic review
Authors: Bahramian Behnam , Sarabi-Jamab Mahboobe , Nattagh-Eshtivani Elyas , Rezaie Mitra
Published: January 2023

Background: All types of enteral feeding (EF) formulations, whether blenderized tube feeding (BTF) at hospital kitchen, or commercial enteral feeding (CEF), contains nutrients. The nature of these foods (in terms of pH, nutrient contents, water activity, etc.) is so that if they become contaminated, would immediately grow pathogens inside and put the patient at the risk of infection. This systematic review aimed to investigate the microbial safety of BTF and CEF used in hospitals. Methods: Literature search was conducted in four English databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar, using multiple keywords, such as enteral nutrition, blenderized formulas, home enteral nutrition, enteral formula, EF, blenderized enteral formula, blended feeds, blenderized home-made food, CEF, microbial contamination, and bacterial contamination. Finally, 16 eligible studies were selected for the systematic review. Results: Out of 132 retrieved articles, 16 were selected and reviewed CEF was mostly exposed to contamination with total coliforms, Staphylococcus aureus, mesophilic bacteria, and Escherichia coli. In addition, contamination with gram-negative bacteria, Bacillus cereus, mold, and yeast was detected. Most BTF contamination was caused by total coliforms, mesophilic bacteria, Listeria spp., B. cereus, mold, and yeast. Conclusion: Due to the nonconformity of hygienic guidelines, the microbial safety of EF solutions in hospitals and homes are relatively low, which may lead to foodborne diseases. Therefore, a hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) system is essential in every hospital kitchen.
Evaluation of biosurfactant production by Sporosarcina halophila and its application in crude oil remediation
Authors: Zamani Beidokhti Majid , Yousefi Kebria Daryoush
Published: January 2023

Background: Biosurfactants are valuable microbial products that have significant applications in various industries. The advantages of these compounds are biodegradability, low toxicity, activity in difficult environmental conditions, and the ability to produce oil residues and compounds from the surface of seawater and soils contaminated with oil compounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of biosurfactants production by Sporosarcina halophila. Methods: For this purpose, to detect the production of biosurfactant by Sporosarcina halophila, quantitative and qualitative screening methods such as hemolysis, oil spreading test and emulsification index test were used. Finally, different concentrations of crude oil in the bacterial growth medium were used to see that this strain can decompose crude oil using biosurfactant production to continue its growth or not. Results: The results showed that this strain is able to produce biosurfactants in oil hemolysis and spreading test with emulsifying activity of more than 30%, indicating that this strain is a suitable strain for biosurfactant production. Also, this strain could grow in the presence of crude oil in its medium as only carbon resource by biosurfactant production. Conclusion: This study showed that the metabolites derived from Sporosarcina halophila strain have emulsifying properties and can be considered as a potent strain in the production of biosurfactants. Also, it was concluded that these biosurfactants are applicable for many different industrial or environmental fields such as bioremediation of crude oil from soil or water by Sporosarcina halophila strain.
Performance evaluation of the combined process of ozonation, biological activated carbon reinforced by bacterial consortium, and ultrafiltration in greywater treatment
Authors: Shahsavani Ebrahim , Ehrampoush Mohammad Hassan , Samaei Mohammad Reza , Abouee Mehrizi Ehsan , Madadizadeh Farzan , Abbasi Alireza , Talebi Parvaneh , Mohammadpour Amin , Ebrahimi Ali Asghar
Published: January 2023

Background: Background: Because of the growing population and increasing freshwater consumption, treatment and reuse of greywater have been widely considered. The application of a new and environmentally friendly treatment method for synthetic and real greywater (RGW) is of utmost importance. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of the combination of ozonation, biological activated carbon, and ultrafiltration (O3 /BAC/UF) in the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), turbidity, five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5 ), and linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS) from synthetic greywater and RGW. Methods: Bacillus Subtilis, Acinetobacter radioresistens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Ochrobactrum oryzae were selected from nine pure bacterial species and transferred to granular activated carbon (GAC), then, mineral culture medium was added to the reactor for the growth and establishment of bacterial consortium. The SEM method was employed to ensure the formation of a microbial layer on GAC. Then, the continuous flow of synthetic greywater (for six months) at a low: 6.1, medium: 12.2, and high: 18.3 gCOD/L.d organic loading rates as well as RGW (for two weeks) entered the treatment system. Results: The percentages of COD removal in low, medium, and high organic loads of synthetic greywater and RGW were 85.12%, 79.05%, 85.3%, and 98.65%, respectively. Moreover, the percentages of BOD5 removal were 87%, 82%, 51%, and 92%, respectively. Furthermore, the percentages of turbidity removal were 93.5%, 97%, 96.69%, 73.33%, and the percentages of LAS removal were 91.4%, 88.1%, 84.8%, and 93.7%, respectively. Conclusion: The treatment system has a remarkable ability to remove pollutants from greywater and can be used as a new method of greywater treatment in Iran.
Modeling and predicting trends of heat stress based on climate change phenomenon: A case study in a semi-arid climate
Authors: Asghari Mehdi , Fallah Ghalhari Gholamabbas , Heidari Hamidreza , Moradzadeh Rahmatollah , Samadi Sadegh , Tajik Reza , Ghanadzadeh Mohammadjavad
Published: January 2023

Background: Climate change is one of the most complex human challenges in the future. One of the consequences of climate change is the exposure of people to heat stress, especially in the outdoor environments. The aim of this study was to model the changes in the trend of exposure to heat stress in outdoor environments in the coming decades in the context of climate change and global warming. Methods: The Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) index, Canadian Earth System Model (CanESM2), and the Statistical Down Scaling Model (SDSM) were used in a semi-arid climate. In this study, Arak station was considered as a representative of Iran’s semi-arid climate. In this research, the daily data of the minimum and maximum temperatures, humidity, and WBGT index were used from 2011 to 2099. Results: The minimum and maximum air temperatures in the study station show an increasing trend in three time periods. Also, based on the three studied scenarios, air temperature and WBGT index have an upward and positive trend and relative humidity has a downward and negative trend in the coming decades. Conclusion: In general, increasing the exposure of people to heat stress at the study station in the coming decades and based on the simulations of atmospheric general circulation models (GCMs), will not be unexpected.