bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disease Severity, Health Beliefs, and Medication Adherence among HIV Patients in a Tertiary Hospital Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Olugbenga Ijaodola Aremu
Published: July 2021

Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) Has Decreased The Mortality And Morbidity Of HIV/AIDS. Several Medicines Are Prescribed For Disease Management; However, Adherence To Long-Term Therapy Remains Poor. Disease Severity And Health Beliefs About Medications Ultimately Influence Adherence To Treatment. There Is A Paucity Of Data With Regard To Disease Severity, Health Beliefs And Medication Adherence Among HIV Patients. The Purpose Of The Study Was To Investigate The Relationship Between Disease Severity, Health Beliefs, And Medication Adherence Among HIV Patients. A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Survey Was Used. Data Were Collected Among 400 HIV-Infected Patients On ARV Who Received Pretreatment And Ongoing Adherence Counseling And Education Since 2010 Using A Self-Administered Questionnaire. The Data Were Analyzed Using Statistical Package For Social Sciences (SPSS). Findings Showed That 68.3 % Believed That There Is A Great Chance Of Developing AIDS-Related Complications If ARV Is Not Taken As Directed, While 3.3% Do Not Agree That Taking HIV Medication As Prescribed Can Prolong Life. The Majority (95.5%) Reported Three Is No Difficulty With The Prescribed Regimen While 96.7% Felt Weird Like A ‘Zombie’ On Medication And 95% Agreed With The Fact That ART Medication Can Prevent The Development Of AIDS. Medication Adherence Is A Complex, Multifaceted Issue And Patient Beliefs About Medications Contribute Significantly, Although To Adherence. It Is Important To Assess Health Beliefs For Individual Patients. When Individual Beliefs Appear Likely To Undermine Adherence, It May Be Useful To Undertake Educational Interventions To Try To Modify Them.
Adoption and Utilization of Family Planning Services among Couples in Rural-Urban Communities in Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Akinso Stella
Published: July 2021

Modern Contraceptive Use Among Couples Has Been Documented To Be A Highly Effective Means Of Improving Maternal Health By Preventing Unintended Pregnancies And Maternal Morbidity. Nigeria Has A High Fertility Rate And Poor Contraceptive Usage, Marred By Social And Economic Dimensions With Other Cultural Norms, Including Gender Disparity. This Paper Presents The Findings Of A Cross-Sectional Quantitative Study Exploring The Adoption And Utilization Of Family Planning Services Among Couples In Rural-Urban Communities In Oyo State, Nigeria. Systematic Sampling Technique Was Used To Select 570 Women And Men Of Reproductive Age In Rural-Urban Communities Of The Oyo State, Using A 54 Semi-Structured Questionnaire Which Included Questions On Socio-Demographic Characteristics, Perception, Socio-Cultural Factors, Adoption, And Utilization Of Modern Contraceptive Services. Of The 570 Respondents, The Mean Age Of The Respondents Was 30.3 ±7.8 Years. Most (63.3%) Of Respondents Were Females, While 36.7% Were Males. The Most Common Family Planning Methods Respondents And Their Spouses Had Heard Injectable (21.2%), The Male Condom (18.6%), And Implants (15.1%), IUD (13.4%), And Pills (13.2%). Spousal Support Is 0.438 Times More Likely To Influence Utilization Of Modern Family Planning Method And Was Statistically Significant (Β=-0.826, Odd Ratio [OR]=0.438, P<0.05). Similarly, Stigmatization Is 1.298 Times More Likely To Influence The Level Of Utilization Of Modern Family Planning Methods (Β=0.261, Odd Ratio [OR]=1.298, P<0.05). It Is Important For Government And Family Planning Programmers To Focus On Programs That Address Stigmatization And Effective Spousal Communication For Improved Modern Contraceptive Uptake.
Health Worker Compliance with Infection Prevention and Control Policy in Ghana: A Case Study of La General Hospital
Authors: Kondor Vincentia D.
Published: July 2021

Infection Prevention And Control Is An Important Topic In The Delivery Of Quality Health Care Because It Aims At Protecting The Patient, The Health Worker, And The General Public. The Main Objective Of The Study Was To Determine Health Workers’ Compliance With Infection Prevention And Control Policy Guidelines During Health Care Delivery. A Cross-Sectional Design Using A Quantitative Method Was Used To Carry Out This Study In Which 143 Health Workers At The La General Hospital Were Selected Using A Stratified Sampling Method. The Data Collected Using A Structured Questionnaire Was Statistically Analyzed Using Chi-Square Test And Logistic Regression To Establish An Association Between The Dependent And Independent Variables Using A Significance Level Of P<0.05 At 95% Confidence Interval. The Results Indicated That Knowledge Of Infection Prevention And Control Among Health Workers Was High As 97% Had Adequate Knowledge, With 64% Of This Proportion Having Excellent Knowledge. Additionally, The Availability Of Infection Prevention Resources To Health Workers Always Was 31.4%; Non-Compliance Due To Time Constraints At Work Was 66.4%, And Compliance With Infection Prevention And Control Guidelines Was 30.7%. Time Constraint At Work Was Significantly Associated With Health Workers’ Compliance With Infection Prevention And Control (P = 0.001). The Paper Suggests That Regular In-Service Training On Infection Prevention And Control Must Be Continued To Improve The Standards Of Health Delivery Practice. Management Is Encouraged To Improve The Availability Of Infection Prevention Resources To Health Workers And To Duly Regulate Staff Workload In Order To Reduce Time Constraints And Prevent Burnout.
Stakeholders Opinions of Health-Related Conditions of Female Head Porters in Kumasi/Asokore Mampong
Authors: Ofori-Amoah Justice
Published: July 2021

Young Females Usually Migrate From The Northern Part Of Ghana To The South To Engage In Head Porting Business. However, The High Cost Of Rent In Urban Areas And The Poor Environmental Conditions Of Poor Urbanites Have Exposed Head Porters To Bad Conditions With Varying Implications On Health And Well-Being. This Study Examines The Health-Related Conditions Of Female Head Porters In Kumasi Through Stakeholders’ Opinions. The Study Used Quantitative Methods In Eliciting Information From Female Head-Porters In Asokore Mampong, Kumasi. In All, 100 Respondents; Comprising Relatives Of Female Head Porters And Other Opinion Leaders Such As The Assembly Member, Imam, Pastor, Teachers From Northern Ghana, Were Interviewed Through Self-Administered Questionnaires. Data Were Analyzed Using A Statistical Package For The Social Sciences (SPSS) And Excel. Economic Reasons Remain Topical For The Migration Of Females From The North To The South To Engage In Head Porting. While Many Of These Migrants Do Not Return Home, Leading To The Emergence Of Migrant Settlements In Kumasi, Others Return To Support Their Families With Their Earnings. Stakeholders Argued That Skills Development And Creating Of Entrepreneurial Ventures Are Necessary To Reduce The North-South Migratory Patterns. The Migration Of Females From The North To The South In Search Of Greener Pastures Is Likely To Continue As A Result Of Opportunity Gaps. However, Worsening Conditions Of Living May Deteriorate The Health Conditions Of Some Of The Migrants. Stakeholders Recommend A New Wave Of Solutions With Focus On Skills Development, Job Creation, And Entrepreneurial Training As Solutions.
Institutional analysis of top-down regulatory: evidence from Iran local governance
Authors: Kamal Mohamad M. , Amiri Hadi , Moghadam Vahid , Rahimi Dariush
Published: July 2021

Population growth, along with climate change, has exacerbaed the water crisis in local communities. The simplest and quickest response of governments to such problems is direct intervention in local governance. Such solutions are usually proposed without regarding the indigenous knowledge of the local people. These also include top-down policies on water issues, which disrupt local institutional arrangements and eliminate the possibility of collective action by stakeholders in reaching an agreement. A case study of one of the water basins in Chaharmahal Bakhtiari in Iran (the Gorgak River in Sureshjan city) using an institutional analysis and development (IAD) framework shows that in the past, people acted collectively to solve the asymmetric distribution and drought problem. But government intervention, which initially sought to improve water conditions, has disrupted the region's institutional arrangements and power asymmetries between exploiters. Our study used the IAD framework to examine changes in institutional arrangements due to the introduction of technology and government intervention by the game theory. It clarifies that government intervention in local institutional arrangements, even if designed with the intention of improving conditions, may lead to greater inequality due to disregarding physical and social conditions and local knowledge. This inequality can eventually worsen the situation.
Efficient removal of ammoniacal nitrogen from textile printing wastewater by electro-oxidation considering the effects of NaCl and NaOCl addition
Authors: Cifcioglu-Gozuacik Bengisu , Ergenekon Sinem Merve , Ozbey-Unal Bahar , Balcik Cigdem , Karagunduz Ahmet , Dizge Nadir , Keskinler Bulent
Published: July 2021

In this study, an electro-oxidation (EO) process using graphite electrodes as electrode pairs was used for the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH4+-N), and color from real textile printing wastewater. The effects of solution pH, sodium chloride (NaCl) dosage, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), which is the oldest and still most important chlorine-based bleach, dosage, and oxidation time were investigated on the removal efficiencies. Operating conditions for the EO reactor were applied to current density 1 mA/cm2, distance between the electrodes: 2 cm, 150 min operation time, and stirring speed of 500 rpm. At optimum conditions: pH 9.5, applied current density 1 mA/cm2, NaCl dosage of 8 g/L, NaOCl dosage of 44.4 mg/L and 150 min electro-oxidation time, the obtained removal efficiencies were 86.5% and 91.1% for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammoniacal nitrogen, respectively. Efficiency was increased to 91.1% for ammoniacal nitrogen from 21.7% after applying EO combined with NaOCl addition compared to individual NaOCl addition.
Nanotechnology-based Approaches and Investigational Therapeutics against
COVID-19
Authors: Rahman Md. Mominur , Ahmed Muniruddin , Islam Mohammad Touhidul , Khan Md. Robin , Sultana Sharifa , Maeesa Saila Kabir , Hasan Sakib , Hossain Md. Abid , Ferdous Kazi Sayma , Mathew Bijo , Rauf Abdur , Uddin Md. Sahab
Published: July 2021

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the novel coronavirus responsible
for the current global pandemic, which first emerged in December 2019. This coronavirus has affected 217
countries worldwide, most of which have enacted non-remedial preventive measures, such as nationwide lockdowns,
work from home, travel bans, and social isolation. Pharmacists, doctors, nurses, technologists, and other
healthcare professionals have played pivotal roles during this pandemic. Unfortunately, confirmed drugs have
not been identified for the treatment of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARSCoV2;
however, favipiravir and remdesivir have been reported as promising antiviral drugs. Some vaccines
have already been developed, and vaccination is ongoing globally. Various nanotechnologies are currently being
developed in many countries for preventing SARS-CoV-2 spread and treating COVID-19 infections. In this
article, we present an overview of the COVID-19 pandemic situation and discuss nanotechnology-based approaches
and investigational therapeutics for COVID-19.
Chloro-s-triazines-toxicokinetic, Toxicodynamic, Human Exposure, and Regulatory Considerations
Authors: Abass Khaled , Pelkonen Olavi , Rautio Arja
Published: July 2021

Chloro-s-triazines-atrazine, cyanazine, propazine, simazine, and terbuthylazine-are structurally similar
herbicides, differing only in specific s-triazine4-and 6-N alkyl substituents. It is generally regarded that their toxicokinetics,
such as, metabolic pathways, biological effects and toxicities, also share more similar features than the
differences. Consequently, it is useful to compare their characteristics to potentially find useful structure-activity
relationships or other similarities or differences regarding different active compounds, their metabolites, and biological
effects including toxic outcomes. The ultimate goal of these exercises is to apply the summarized knowledge-as
far as it is possible regarding a patchy and often inadequate database-to cross the in vitro-in vivo and animal-human
borders and integrate the available data to enhance toxicological risk assessment for the benefit of humans and ecosystems.
Evaluation and Clinical Implication of Zhenwu Decoction on Seven Cytochrome P450 Enzyme in Chronic Heart Failure Rats
Authors: Hong Li-Li , Wang Hong-Song , Cheng Xiao-Yu , Zhang Sheng , Zhao Yan , Wang Qian , Zhao Ya-TIng , Wang Lei , Ge Lan , Su Jun , Chen Wei-Dong
Published: July 2021

Background:

Recently, the combination of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formulae and other
drugs has been used frequently in clinical practice, while the possibility of herb-drug interaction (HDI) risk remains a
challenge. Since metabolic enzymes mediate the majority of drug interactions, evaluating the effects of formulae on
metabolic enzymes is therefore instructive for the rational formulation of drug delivery plans.

Objective:

Herein, we are devoted to estimating the effects of Zhenwu detection (ZWD) on activities and mRNA
expression of 7 cytochrome P450 (CYP450) isoenzymes in chronic heart failure (CHF) rats.

Methods:

The CHF rats were replicated by coronary artery ligation and were randomly divided into sham operation
group, model group, ZWD low- (2.188 g/kg), middle- (4.375 g/kg), and high- (8.750 g/kg) dose groups, n=6. After 8
weeks, rats were administrated with ZWD and normal saline (NS) for four weeks, and the mixed solution of 7 probe
drugs (1 mL/kg) was subsequently injected into 30 rats through the caudal vein after the last administration. Pharmacokinetic
parameters and mRNA expression of 7 probe drugs were measured by using UPLC-MS/MS and RT-qPCR,
respectively.

Results:

Activities and mRNA expression of CYP1A2, CYP2B1, CYP2C6, CYP2C11, CYP3A1 were inhibited in
CHF rats, and ZWD could reverse this effect except for CYP2B1.

Conclusion:

Overall, these findings underscore that for CHF patients, the HDI should be taken into consideration
when ZWD is used on its own or combined with drugs meditated by CYP1A2 (CYP1A2 in rats), CYP2C9 (CYP2C6
in rats), CYP2C19 (CYP2C11 in rats) and CYP3A4 (CYP3A1 in rats). Furthermore, since the apparent volume of
distribution (Vd) of amodiaquine, dextromethorphan and bupropion has been proved to be far greater than the total
volume of body fluids, we speculate that the dose adjustment and potential organotoxicity of these substrates may
need further consideration.
The Insights and Perspectives of Nitric Oxide-mediated Biofilm Eradication
Authors: Yuan Mingke , Sun Tao , Wu Jianbing , Fei Yue , Yang Yueqi , Ling Yong , Zhang Yihua , Huang Zhangjian
Published: July 2021

Biofilms are among the most important causes of nosocomial and recurrent infections as
biofilms confer antibiotic resistance to pathogenic bacteria and protect them from the host’s immune
system. Thus, it is imperative to investigate effective therapeutic agents to counteract biofilms.
As an important signaling molecule, Nitric Oxide (NO) plays a crucial role in various biological
and pathological processes. NO could disperse biofilm and restore the drug sensitivity by reducing
intracellular cyclic-diguanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) levels. This review highlights
recent advances on antibacterial and antibiofilm effects of NO when NO was co-administered with
other antimicrobial agents. A significant improvement in drug permeability and biofilm cell targeting
and reduced cytotoxicity could be attained with this strategy. In this review, we briefly lay out
challenges and propose future directions in this appealing avenue of research on NO-based therapy
for biofilm eradication.
Eugenol as a Potential Drug Candidate: A Review
Authors: Taleuzzaman Mohamad , Jain Pooja , Verma Rishabh , Iqbal Zeenat , Mirza Mohd. Aamir
Published: July 2021

Eugenol is a bioactive compound widely available in many herbs like clove, cinnamon,
tulsi, pepper etc. The compound is known for its antioxidant, antimicrobial, anesthetic, anti-inflammatory,
neuroprotective, anti-diabetic, and anti-cancer activities. In pharmaceutical analysis,
eugenol is used as a marker for single drugs and drug products. Dental care, household, and personal
hygiene products are other areas where it has established its potential. In the food industry,
eugenol is used as a flavouring agent in non-alcoholic beverages, baked foods, and chewing gums.

Considering the huge potential of eugenol, this review is an attempt to collate the regulatory information,
physico-chemical properties, toxicity profile, marketed conventional and novel formulations,
analytical methods, extraction procedures, recent patents and clinical trials of the moiety.
Based on literature survey a schematic diagram of mechanism of action has also been made.
Outpatient Psychotropic Drug Interactions in a Public Psychiatry Hospital
in Bahrain: An Audit Study
Authors: Tayem Yasin , Aljaberi Saeed , Alfehaid Ali , Almekhyal Abdulaziz , Jahrami Haitham , Ali Mazen , Hattab Suhaib
Published: July 2021

Background:

Psychotropic polypharmacy is particularly common, which puts psychiatric
patients at high risk for developing drug-drug interactions.

Objective:

We aimed to study potential interactions between psychotropic medications prescribed
within the outpatient psychiatry setting.

Method:

This was an audit study, which targeted a sample of outpatient prescriptions ordered
within the outpatient clinics of the main psychiatry hospital in Bahrain over 2017. We studied the
grades and correlates of interactions between psychotropic drugs.

Results:

The total number of prescriptions in our sample was 992 (56.1% males, 43.9% females).
Psychotropic polypharmacy was detected in 842 prescriptions (84.9%). Potential interactions between
psychotropic drugs were observed in 550 prescriptions (56.4%). The degree of interaction
was minor in 43 prescriptions (7.8%), significant in 419 prescriptions (76.2%), and serious in 88
prescriptions (16%). Schizoaffective disorder subjects were the most likely to suffer from interactions
(64.6%), whereas prescriptions issued for those who had schizophrenia contained the least
number of interactions (51.6%). The total number of interactions was strongly associated with polypharmacy
(p < .001) and gender (p < .01), but not with age (p > .05) or diagnosis (p > .05).

Conclusion:

High prevalence of polypharmacy and interactions between psychotropic medications
were observed in our sample, particularly of the significant grade.
Beeldvorming over archeologie, beeldvorming bij archeologen
Authors: Fries Jana Esther
Published: July 2021

Imaging of archaeology, imaging by archaeologists. Among the general public and in the popular media, archaeology has a quite positive image, but one that is far from the realities of the everyday work of professional archaeologists. In this paper, I explore how that biased image became established and what role media professionals and archaeologists play in maintaining it. Further, I discuss what effect the image of excavation as the central, if not the only, aspect of archaeology has and has had on the careers of female archaeologists. Finally, I argue for self-reflection about our professional identities and the way we present our work.
Nesting behavior of the Elegant Euphonia (Euphonia elegantissima, Aves: Fringillidae) in urban and suburban sites of east Mexico
Authors: Fragoso Carlos , Sosa Vinicio J. , Rojas Patricia
Published: July 2021

Between 2005, 2014–2017, we studied six Elegant Euphonia (Euphonia elegantissima) nests from two sites (urban and suburban) in the city of Xalapa, Veracruz. They were located in a macadamia tree crown, under epiphytic bromeliads, and under hanging fern and Euphorbia pots. The two nests we extracted and measured (7.2 x 7.5 x 5.6 cm; 10.1 x 8.6 x 11 cm), were closed and globular, with a lateral entry and mainly made of plant fibers, leaves, and cobwebs. Our observations included nest construction, egg incubation and chick care (nestling phase). Nest construction took at least 10–11 days, while egg incubation took 14–18 days. Incubation was done by the female in all but one observation, and the male escorted the female to the nest on every occasion. Time of incubation sessions ranged from 36–88 min (mean = 62 min) with shorter out nest sessions (3–18 min, mean = 9 min). There were three eggs in two of the nests, and in one only two eggs hatched; four chicks were observed in another nest. The nestling phase lasted 20 days in two nests, with the male spending more time (35–300 s, mean = 109 s) than the female taking care of the chicks (25–99 s, mean = 53 s). Reciprocal escorting was observed during the nestling phase, with the male always arriving first. Breeding occurred in January, April, May (two nests), June, and July. Observing the male of the Elegant Euphonia escorting the female during the incubation period, corroborates previous observations of this behavior in genera Euphonia and Chlorophonia. Incubation and nestling time periods were similar to other species of these genera.
Type 1 diabetes mellitus in chronic insulin deﬁciency conditions
Authors: Surovtseva A. Yu. , Khardikova E. M. , Stepchenko M. A.
Published: July 2021

Mauriac syndrome is a severe complication of type 1 diabetes mellitus, manifested by growth retardation, impaired formation of secondary sexual characteristics, lack of libido, and hepatomegaly. Currently, the presented syndrome is quite rare. This is more related to the emergence of intensive insulin therapy, which keeps the level of daily glycemia within the tolerance of type 1 for diabetes mellitus. The article describes a clinical case of the development of Mauriac syndrome in a 21-year-old patient with decompensated diabetes mellitus and multiple complications. The patient was deprived of proper control over the condition of daily glycemia and full-ﬂedged insulin replacement therapy for a long because of unfavorable social and material conditions in the family, which contributed to the development of chronic insulin insuﬃciency and complications.
Analysis of global trends in caesarean section rates using the Robson classification
Authors: Lebedenko E. Yu. , Bespalaya A. V. , Feoktistova T. E. , Rymashevskiy M. A.
Published: July 2021

The rate of Cesarean section (CS) continues to rise and researchers have no clear understanding of the underlying drivers and consequences. Robson’s 10-group classification is based on simple obstetric parameters (parity, prior CS, gestational age, onset of labor, fetal presentation, and a number of fetuses), which allowed the authors to make an effective evaluation of indicators that lead to an increase in the frequency of abdominal delivery. In the context of the global increase in the frequency of abdominal delivery, further modification of the scale will allow the specialists not only to assess the frequency of CS but also to assess the levels of perinatal morbidity and mortality in the groups that make the most significant contribution to the level of CS. Global trends in the commercialization of childbirth require global approaches to reduce the level of abdominal delivery in the population.
Orphan diseases and associated problems
Authors: Shashel V. A. , Firsova V. N. , Trubilina M. M. , Podporina L. A. , Firsov N. A.
Published: July 2021

Objective: to study the main aspects of assistance to children with orphan diseases in the Russian Federation.Materials and methods: the most relevant literature sources were studied that covered a concept of orphan diseases in various countries of the world and in the Russian Federation as well as the tactics and regulation of mechanisms for helping patients with rare diseases.Results: the study showed that not all countries have legislative regulations of assistance to orphan patients. The United States and Western Europe are the most advanced in this regard. They have clear criteria for determining orphan pathology and a number of measures are taken to improve the quality of medical care for patients with rare diseases. These activities are not only aimed at improving the health care system but also encourage pharmaceutical companies to develop and produce medicines as well as contribute to the research in this area. The clinical cases covered in the article provide an idea of rare diseases, the complexity of their diagnosis, the severity of the course, and the drugs that are necessary to help patients.Conclusion: orphan diseases have been the focus of attention by the health system and national legislation in the past decades. Their extremely low prevalence in the human population creates difficulties with the timely diagnosis, provision of qualified medical care, and drug provision.
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: pathophysiology and treatment options
Authors: Borisov A. A. , Gvozdeva A. D. , Ageev F. T.
Published: July 2021

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is known to increase the risk of the development of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and worsen its symptoms. To date, no specific treatment has been shown to reduce morbidity and mortality in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. In this review, the authors summarized the existing evidence on how diabetes mellitus can promote the development and progression of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. The authors also addressed medications including experimental ones that can potentially be beneficial in patients of this group.
Exploring Test-Retest Reliability and Longitudinal Stability of Digital Biomarkers for Parkinson Disease in the m-Power Data Set: Cohort Study
Authors: Sahandi Far Mehran , Eickhoff Simon B , Goni Maria , Dukart Juergen
Published: July 2021

Background

Digital biomarkers (DB), as captured using sensors embedded in modern smart devices, are a promising technology for home-based sign and symptom monitoring in Parkinson disease (PD).

Objective

Despite extensive application in recent studies, test-retest reliability and longitudinal stability of DB have not been well addressed in this context. We utilized the large-scale m-Power data set to establish the test-retest reliability and longitudinal stability of gait, balance, voice, and tapping tasks in an unsupervised and self-administered daily life setting in patients with PD and healthy controls (HC).

Methods

Intraclass correlation coefficients were computed to estimate the test-retest reliability of features that also differentiate between patients with PD and healthy volunteers. In addition, we tested for longitudinal stability of DB measures in PD and HC, as well as for their sensitivity to PD medication effects.

Results

Among the features differing between PD and HC, only a few tapping and voice features had good to excellent test-retest reliabilities and medium to large effect sizes. All other features performed poorly in this respect. Only a few features were sensitive to medication effects. The longitudinal analyses revealed significant alterations over time across a variety of features and in particular for the tapping task.

Conclusions

These results indicate the need for further development of more standardized, sensitive, and reliable DB for application in self-administered remote studies in patients with PD. Motivational, learning, and other confounders may cause variations in performance that need to be considered in DB longitudinal applications.
Web- and Mindfulness-Based Intervention to Prevent Chronic Pain After Cardiac Surgery: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Martorella Geraldine , Hanley Adam W , Pickett Scott M , Gelinas Céline
Published: July 2021

Background

Cardiac surgery is a frequently performed procedure. However, pain after cardiac surgery may become chronic (lasting >3 months) in adults. Once discharged from the hospital, patients are at greater risk of developing chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) and of prolonged opioid use, as they need to self-manage their pain. Psychological risk and protective factors such as pain-related catastrophic thoughts and pain acceptance determine their ability to cope and their use of opioids, which is crucial for self-management of pain. Studies on mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) have multiplied their potential effects on pain acceptance and catastrophic thoughts. However, web-based MBCT for the prevention of CPSP has not yet been examined.

Objective

The aim of this study is to pilot test a 4-week-long web-based MBCT intervention for adults following discharge from the hospital by assessing the acceptability or feasibility of the intervention and examining preliminary effects on pain intensity, pain interference with activities and opioid use, and pain acceptance and catastrophic thoughts in the 6 months following surgery.

Methods

A double-blinded pilot randomized controlled trial will be used to assess a web-based MBCT intervention. Patients will be selected according to the following criteria: age ≥18 years; first-time elective cardiac surgery via a median sternotomy; worst pain in the past week score ≥4/10; ability to understand and complete questionnaires in English; and ability to use an electronic device such as a smartphone, computer, or tablet. After baseline measures, 32 participants will be randomized into two groups: one receiving both the brief, 4-week-long web-based MBCT intervention and usual care (experimental group) and the other receiving only one standardized, web-based educational session with weekly reminders and usual care (attention control group). Peer-reviewed competitive funding was received from Florida State University’s Council on Research & Creativity in January 2021, as well as research ethics approval from Florida State University's institutional review board.

Results

Recruitment began in June 2021. Unfortunately, because of the current COVID-19 pandemic, recruitment is not progressing as expected. Recruitment strategies are constantly monitored and updated according to latest data and restrictions surrounding the pandemic.

Conclusions

This research is significant because it targets the trajectory of CPSP, a leading cause of disability and opioid misuse. This is the first study to assess MBCT for the prevention of CPSP after cardiac surgery in the recovery phase. This approach is innovative because it promotes self-management of pain through the modulation of individual factors. If successful, the intervention could be expanded to numerous populations at risk of chronic pain.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/30951
The Influence of Online Health Information Seeking Before a Consultation on Anxiety, Satisfaction, and Information Recall, Mediated by Patient Participation: Field Study (Preprint)
Authors: de Looper Melanie , van Weert Julia C M , Schouten Barbara C , Bolle Sifra , Belgers Eric H J , Eddes Eric H , Smets Ellen M A
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

Today, many cancer patients engage in online health information seeking (OHIS). However, little is known about how patients differ in their OHIS levels. In addition, OHIS might influence patient participation during a consultation with a physician, which might mediate the effects on patient outcomes.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is twofold: first, to provide insight into which personal characteristics and psychosocial factors affect patients’ OHIS levels and, second, to test the hypothesis that the effects of OHIS on patient outcomes are mediated by patient participation during the consultation.

METHODS

Patient participation was operationalized in terms of patients’ absolute word count; the relative contribution of the patient, compared with the health care provider; and the number of questions and assertions expressed during the consultation. The patient outcomes measured were anxiety after the consultation, satisfaction with the consultation, and information recall. Participants in this study were patients recently diagnosed with colorectal cancer recruited from 6 hospitals in the Netherlands (n=90). Data were collected using questionnaires and audio-recorded consultations of patients with health care providers before their surgery.

RESULTS

The results showed that younger patients, higher educated patients, patients with a monitoring coping style, and patients who experienced more cancer-related stress engaged more in OHIS. In turn, OHIS was related to patient participation in terms of the patient’s absolute word count but not to the relative contribution to the consultation or expressing questions and assertions. We did not find a relation between OHIS and anxiety and OHIS and recall mediated by patient participation. However, we found that patients’ absolute word count significantly mediated the positive association between OHIS and patients’ satisfaction with the consultation.

CONCLUSIONS

Results indicate positive implications of OHIS for patients’ care experience and, therefore, the importance of helping patients engage in OHIS. However, the results also suggest that OHIS is only successful in increasing a single aspect of patient participation, which might explain the absence of relations with anxiety and recall. The results suggest that more beneficial effects on patient outcomes may be achieved when health care providers support patients in OHIS.
Stratigraphy of Kendeng Zone in Miyono Village and Surrounding, Sekar District, Bojonegoro Regency, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Muwaffiqih Mutawif Ilmi , Nugraha Wahyu Ardiansyah , Lubis Irvan Fatarwin , Novian Mochammad Indra
Published: July 2021

This paper will comprehensively discuss the stratigraphy of the Kendeng Zone by using geological field mapping and laboratory analysis. The research area located in the Miyono Village and surrounding areas, Sekar District, Bojonegoro Regency, East Java with an area of 4x5 km2. Based on the geological mapping results obtained 160 points station with a variety of results in the form of tracking map of the research area. Laboratory analysis uses Embry and Klovan classification (1971), Pettijohn et al. (1987), and Mount (1985) for petrographic analysis, while paleontological analysis using Manual of Planktonic Foraminifera (Postuma, 1971) and Atlas of Benthic Foraminifera (Holbourn et al., 2013). This paper will show the differences between regional stratigraphy and the result, depositional environment, and its mechanism. Lithology units found grouping into nine units. The research area epoch ranged between N18-N23 (early Pliocene - Holocene) and the depositional environment from the lower bathyal to the terrestrial. The geological structures of the research area must be considered in the stratigraphic arrangement determination. Based on the analysis, the Kendeng Zone stratigraphic column was obtained and expected to provide accurate data of Kendeng Zone specifically around Miyono area.
Comparison of Child Health between Sandwich Generation and Non-Sandwich Generation
Authors: Yuliana Sri
Published: July 2021

Sandwich Generation must treat two generations simultaneously and undoubtedly, having an impact on health in the sandwich generation, the previous generation, and the following generations. This study used IFLS data in 2007 and 2014 because IFLS provides longitudinal data that can see the relationship between sandwich generation households and children’s health status with the Multinomial Logistics Regression method. The results showed that the BMI of non-sandwich generation children was higher than the group of sandwich generation children and was statistically significant, so it was concluded that there were differences in the average BMI between groups of sandwich generation children and non-sandwich generation children. BMR of sandwich generation children is lower than the group of not sandwich generation children and statistically significant, so with these results, it can be concluded that there is a difference in the average BMR between groups of sandwich generation children and non-sandwich generation children. The status of sandwich generation where relative to non-sandwich generation is only significant if the child is obese. Meanwhile, the status of the sandwich generation, which is relative to non-sandwich generation, significantly affects BMR for children in both the below-average BMR category and above-average BMR category for the overall sample.
Sustainable Livelihood Conditions of Farm Worker Households around Baluran National Park: Case Study in Wonorejo, Indonesia
Authors: Budiani Sri Rahayu , Dewi Ratri Purnama , Kurniawati Kurniawati , Amalia Tiara Putri , Pratiwi Monita Deka , Andayaningrum Retno Murti , Usnaini Ulil , Yuliana Putri Dwi
Published: July 2021

Farm workers are a group that is vulnerable to poverty and depends on weather or climatic factors. However, this profession dominates one of the villages around the Baluran National Park of Indonesia, i.e., Wonorejo, Banyuputih Subdistrict, Situbondo District, East Java. The Baluran National Park is a natural resource conservation area with a savanna ecosystem that was established in March 1980 through the Deklarasi Lima Taman Nasional (Declaration of Five National Parks) of Indonesia. It has an area of 25,000 hectares located in Banyuputih Subdistrict, Situbondo District, East Java and includes t h ree villages, i.e., Wonorejo, Sumberwaru, and Sumberanyar. This study aimed to describe the sustainable livelihood conditions of farm worker households in Wonorejo. This study is a quantitative research through household surveys and is supported by in-depth interviews with expert informants. The results of this study confirmed that farm workers in Wonorejo had good access to five livelihood assets, i.e., natural, physical, human, social, and financial assets. They had also been able to survive without destroying the natural resources in Baluran National Park.
The Level of Community Participation in Supporting Community-Based Tourism on Mount Merapi Slope
Authors: Muhamad Muhamad , Maarif Syamsul , Widiyanto Slamet
Published: July 2021

This community service was carried out on the Mount Merapi slope, located around the 8-kilometer area, which falls in category III disaster-prone area. The main aim of this activity was to increase the community participation in developing their area through tourism. The method used here was Focused Group Discussion (FGD) that aimed at inviting and accommodating community participation, as well as a structured interview. The analysis employed 0-5 Likert scale containing score weight to identify the factors influencing participation forms and participation benefits. This research used the quantitative descriptive approach to describe the community level of participation. The result shows that the majority of residents (60%) participated in tourist village management, around 25% participated due to their awareness, around 12% participated without serious intention, and 3% did not participate. It can be concluded that they show high level of participation in supporting tourist village development in disaster-prone area.
Принципы построения оптоэлектронных СВЧ-генераторов. Часть II
Authors: Устинов А.Б. , Таценко И.Ю. , Никитин А.А. , Кондаршов А.В. , Шамрай А.В. , Иванов А.В.
Published: July 2021

Статья знакомит читателей с принципами создания оптоэлектронных СВЧ-генераторов. В первой части обзора (см. ФОТОНИКА. 2021; 15(3):228–237. DOI: 10.22184/1993-7296.FRos.2021.15.3.228.237) были кратко рассмотрены физические процессы, лежащие в основе работы различных типов генераторов. Во второй части обзора рассмотрены оптоэлектронные СВЧ-генераторы, созданные на основе активных кольцевых резонансных систем, а также проведено сопоставление фазовых шумов оптоэлектронных генераторов различных типов.
Dinámica del empleo en el centro tradicional de negocios de Toluca (México), 2010-2018: cambio y participación espacial
Authors: Ramírez Sánchez Luis Giovanni , Chávez Soto Tania , Garrocho Rangel Carlos
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: explicar la dinámica del empleo en el centro tradicional de negocios del área metropolitana de Toluca entre 2010 y 2018. Metodología: análisis de cambio y participación tradicional no espacial y espacial de los 17 sectores que operan en dicho centro y se detallan dos sectores clave: comercio de minoristas y servicios de profesionales. Resultados: el centro tradicional de negocios está en decadencia económica y como lugar de funciones centrales. Se identifican microespacios y sectores estratégicos que deben ser atendidos para recuperar y fortalecer las funciones centrales de dicho centro y de otros centros exitosos similares, de los cuales depende la vitalidad de la zona de estudio. Se identifican las causas de este desempeño diferenciado en la escala del centro tradicional de negocios y en la microespacial. Limitaciones: no se esclarecen las causas de las causas de la dinámica del empleo, lo que requiere trabajo de campo. Valor: se incorpora la dimensión espacial al análisis de cambio y participación. Conclusiones: se ofrece información clave para fortalecer el centro tradicional de negocios como lugar de funciones centrales y motor de desarrollo.
Convergencia dinámica de los intercambios comerciales entre China y México, 1993-2019
Authors: Liu Xuedong , Covarrubias López Gerardo
Published: July 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo es examinar la estabilidad dinámica del proceso estocástico dado por los intercambios comerciales entre México y China, en el periodo 1993-2019, a través de la aplicación de pruebas de estacionariedad y de la estimación de un modelo autorregresivo tanto en cifras anuales como mensuales. A pesar de las fluctuaciones persistentemente registradas en la serie del análisis, se observa que la varianza presenta una reducción significativa en todo el periodo, en tanto que la solución de las ecuaciones resultantes confirma que los flujos comerciales efectuados entre los dos países convergen en un nivel de estabilidad de 17.5, medidos por la proporción entre importaciones y exportaciones realizadas por México con el país asiático.
Sobre César Manrique Figueroa, El libro flamenco para lectores novohispanos: una historia internacional de comercio y consumo libresco
Authors: Suárez Rivera Manuel
Published: July 2021

Reseña sobre César Manrique Figueroa, El libro flamenco para lectores novohispanos: una historia internacional de comercio y consumo libresco (México: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Bibliográficas, 2019).
Sobre Yanna Yannakakis, Martina Schrader-Kniffki y Luis Alberto Arrioja Díaz Viruell, ed., Los indios ante la justicia local: intérpretes, oficiales y litigantes en Nueva España y Guatemala. Siglos XVI-XVIII
Authors: Santiago Cortez Felipe
Published: July 2021

Reseña sobre Yanna Yannakakis, Martina Schrader-Kniffki y Luis Alberto Arrioja Díaz Viruell, ed., Los indios ante la justicia local: intérpretes, oficiales y litigantes en Nueva España y Guatemala. Siglos XVI-XVIII (Zamora: El Colegio de Michoacán; Atlanta: Emory University, 2019).
Sobre Luis Rublúo, Real del Monte virreinal. Crónicas de un viejo mineral
Authors: Cruz Beltrán José Eduardo
Published: July 2021

Reseña sobre Luis Rublúo, Real del Monte virreinal. Crónicas de un viejo mineral (Pachuca: Gobierno del Estado de Hidalgo, Secretaría de Cultura del Estado de Hidalgo, 2020).
Conceptualización y reflexión sobre el género y la diversidad sexual
Authors: Heras-Sevilla Davinia , Ortega-Sánchez Delfín , Rubia-Avi Mariano
Published: July 2021

Este artículo presenta una revisión teórica sobre las diversidades sexuales y de género, así como su abordaje en el contexto educativo; para ello, ahonda en la pluralidad de identidades como valor para la construcción de espacios inclusivos y coeducativos. A partir de las propuestas conceptuales de varios autores, centra su interés en la conceptualización de estas cuestiones, y comprende las dimensiones de la identidad como una cuestión de diversidad y la expresión de la identidad como un espectro. Se incluye la reflexión y el análisis crítico del sistema sexo/género, generando un modelo teórico que integra ambos enfoques. El trabajo concluye con la propuesta de un modelo de coeducación que se sustenta en el diagnóstico de la cultura de género, en la profundización en la epistemología feminista y disciplinar, y en la formación del profesorado en materia de igualdad de género y diversidades sexuales.
THE FUNCTIONING PATTERNS OF ANTHROPONYMS IN A. P. CHEKHOV'S SHORT STORIES
Authors:   LYIDMILA V. KORTENKO Ural State University of Economics, KORTENKO LYIDMILA V. , SMOLYAKOVA SVETLANA V. ,   SVETLANA V. SMOLYAKOVA Gymnasium No. 13, KORTENKO KSENIYA S. ,   KSENIYA S. KORTENKO Gymnasium No. 13
Published: July 2021

The aim of the research is to (i) consider the role of proper names in the stories of A. P. Chekhov, to (ii) determine the significance of combinations of common names with proper names in revealing the author's position and creating a humorous effect, and also to (iii) identify frequent word-building patterns for the anthroponyms. Literature analysis on theoretical issues of artificial and natural names as well as studying practical examples from onomastics and anthroponymy realms enabled to specify the functions of combinations of common nouns with proper names. These names are part of the plot, conveying ideological messages, concentrating meaning, structure and content. Combinations of proper names and common nouns characterize the style of the writer. In the stories analyzed, common names contain a direct indication of status, position, rank, while proper names metaphorically portray the character or highlight the dominant of his/her personality and convey the author's message concerning evaluation of the image. Linguistic analysis of word-building patterns has shown that most surnames of the characters in the stories of A. P. Chekhov are formed by suffixation from common names, and they are the result of the author's word-making, another way to implicitly evaluate characters. In Chekhov's word combinations, proper and common names are interrelated and opposed.
STRUCTURAL SEMANTIC AND STYLISTIC FEATURES OF STABLE COMPARISONS IN THE LANGUAGES OF DIFFERENT TYPOLOGIES (BASED ON RUSSIAN, ENGLISH AND LEZGHI)
Authors:   ZULEIKHA Z. RIZAKHANOVA Dagestan State University, RIZAKHANOVA ZULEIKHA Z.
Published: July 2021

This article attempts to examine the meaning and the form of the category of comparison. The paper describes the existing scientific approaches to the category of comparison, characterizes the structural, semantic and stylistic features of stable comparisons in the Russian, English and Lezghi languages. It is established that stable comparisons in the studied languages, as a special category of phraseological constructions, are thematically diverse and are used to characterize the actions of a human, objects, situations, phenomena of the reality. It was found that stable comparative expressions in the studied languages are built according to similar models and have a two-component structure. It has been established that the object of comparison can be a noun denoting phenomenon of nature, animals, birds, as well as a substance, metal, mineral or food product.