bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ СУПРОВОДУ ПАЦІЄНТОК ІЗ ПРОЯВАМИ БЛЮВАННЯ ВАГІТНИХ У ПЕРШОМУ ТРИМЕСТРІ З НЕСТАЧЕЮ ВІТАМІНУ D ТА ДИСБАЛАНСОМ МАГНІЮ
Authors: Гвоздецька Галина Сергіївна , Жукуляк Оксана Миколаївна , Бігун Руслана Василівна , Ємець Надія Олександрівна , Чернявська Ірина Василівна
Published: May 2024

У статті представлено основні аспекти обстеження та надання допомоги пацієнткам із блюванням вагітних у першому триместрі вагітності. Блювання вагітних є однією з найважливіших проблем охорони материнства та дитинства в усьому світі. Блювання вагітних не має тенденції до зниження і становить, за даними різних авторів, від 8,5% до 13,5%. Високий відсоток даної патології зумовлений дією стресових подразників, визначаються порушення функції печінки, при цьому прояви блювання вагітних спостерігаються утричі частіше. Дисбаланс мікроелементів, зокрема магнію (Mg), що володіє антистресовою активністю: знижує збудливість нервової системи, нормалізує сон, заспокоює, відіграє значну роль в імунній відповіді як кофактор для синтезу імуноглобулінів та інших процесів, асоційованих із функцією Т- і В-клітин. У статті розглянуто особливості обстеження пацієнток із блюванням вагітних різного ступеня. Обстежено 60 пацієнток за наявністю маткової одноплідної вагітності терміном 4–12 тижнів та ознаками блювання вагітних. Оцінка ступеня тяжкості нудоти та блювання вагітних оцінювалася відповідно до модифікованої шкали оцінки вираженості нудоти та блювання у вагітних PUQE-24 (20 жінок із проявами блювання легкого ступеня, 26 пацієнток – середнього ступеня, 14 жінок – тяжкого ступеня). Контрольну групу становили 20 жінок із фізіологічним перебігом першого триместру вагітності. Оцінка дефіциту Mg здійснювалася відповідно до адаптованого стандартизованого клінічного бального опитувальника, який застосовується у міжнародній клінічній практиці. У жінок основної групи переважали дефіцит та недостатність Mg, і лише у 21,7% вагітних установлено відсутність дефіциту Mg, тоді як у вагітних контрольної групи недостатність Mg була у 20,0%, а дефіцит Mg спостерігався тільки у 5,0% випадків; зі збільшенням ступеня тяжкості блювання вагітних зростає частота дефіциту Mg. Недостатність та дефіцит вітаміну D прямо пропорційно корелюють зі ступенем тяжкості перебігу блювання вагітних. Вихідний дефіцит вітаміну D через порушення, які виникають під час блювання вагітних, може посилюватися впродовж вагітності і сприяти розвитку гестаційних ускладнень, що визначає необхідність корекції нестачі і дефіциту вітаміну D упродовж вагітності. Пацієнткам І групи поряд зі стандартною схемою лікування блювання вагітних було призначено водний розчин вітаміну D3 для перорального застосування та препарати магнію Після запропонованої схеми лікування через один місяць від початку лікування у пацієнток І групи суттєво зменшились ознаки блювання та переважало блювання легкого ступеня. Комплекс запропонованих терапевтичних опцій із використанням холекальциферолу дав змогу покращити вітамін D та магнієвий статус у пацієнток основної групи та дає можливість попередити гестаційні ускладнення.
ФОРМУВАННЯ ПОЗИТИВНОЇ МОТИВАЦІЇ В ІНОЗЕМНИХ ЗДОБУВАЧІВ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ ДО ВИВЧЕННЯ ПРЕДМЕТУ «ДИТЯЧА СТОМАТОЛОГІЯ»
Authors: Назарян Розана Степанівна , Кузіна Вікторія Вадимівна , Ткаченко Марина Вікторівна , Ткаченко Ігор Геннадійович
Published: May 2024

У статті розглядаються питання мотивації іноземних студентів медичного університету до вивчення предмету «Дитяча стоматологія» з метою підвищення ефективності освітнього процесу та відповідальної підготовки майбутніх фахівців. Відомо, що навчальна діяльність найбільш успішна там, де вона максимально мотивована. Мотивація у психолого-педагогічних науках позначається як процес, у результаті якого певна діяльність набуває для індивіда відомого особистісного сенсу, створює стійкість його інтересу до неї і перетворює зовні задані цілі діяльності у внутрішні потреби особистості. Отже, реалізація студентом можливості отримати якісну освіту дуже тісно пов’язана з його мотивацією. Мотивацію формує певна система фактів. Оскільки факти можуть змінюватися, мотивація є динамічним процесом. Прагнучи до формування позитивної мотивації у цілому та намагючись керувати нею, слід ураховувати ті особливості, які несе із собою викладання предмету у групі іноземних студентів. Кожен з іноземних здобувачів вищої освіти є представником певної культури, потреб та цінностей суспільства, з якого походить. Ці потреби, стереотипи суттєво впливають на вибір майбутньої професії молодою людиною. Формування позитивної мотивації в іноземних здобувачів вищої освіти до вивчення будь-якого предмету потребує своєчасного виявлення та врахування цих особливостей. Завдання викладача та його професіоналізм полягають у своєчасному реагуванні на зміни, будь то зміни контингенту здобувачів чи у методах викладання, чи навіть у сімейних обставинах когось зі студентів. Якщо викладач демонструє свою відповідність вимогам часу, упроваджуючи у навчання нові технології, надаючи сучасну інформацію, яка стосується змісту дисципліни, він своїм прикладом мотивує інших. Сьогодні, коли умови навчання іноземних студентів у нашій країні значно змінилися та стали ще більш дистанційними, для університетів життєво важливо створювати ефективне освітнє середовище, стимулювати інновації, організувати супровід та допомогу здобувачам освіти з метою забезпечення для них якості і результативності навчання.
ВПЛИВ БЕЗКЛІТИННИХ КРІОКОНСЕРВОВАНИХ БІОЛОГІЧНИХ ЗАСОБІВ НА ВМІСТ ОКРЕМИХ ЕЙКОЗАНОЇДІВ У ЩУРІВ ЗІ ЗМОДЕЛЬОВАНИМ АД’ЮВАНТОМ ФРЕЙНДА АРТРИТОМ
Authors: Гладких Федір Володимирович , Лядова Тетяна Іванівна
Published: May 2024

Ревматоїдний артрит визначається як запальне системне хронічне аутоімунне захворювання, яке проявляється у вигляді інфільтрації імунних клітин, гіперплазії синовіальної оболонки, утворення паннусу та деструкції суглобового хряща й кісткової тканини. Незважаючи на простоту визначення, запалення – це складна система клітинних та молекулярних подій для отримання специфічних часових і просторових реакцій. Ендогенні біоактивні ліпіди є основними медіаторами гомеостазу, а також гострих і хронічних запальних процесів, беручи участь у ініціації, підтримці, а також у регресі запалення. Мета роботи – охарактеризувати вплив кріоекстрактів плаценти (КЕП) та селезінки (КЕС), а також кондиціонованого середовища мезенхімальних стовбурових клітин (КС-МСК) на вміст простагландну (ПГ) Е2, тромбоксану (Тх) B2 та лейкотрієну (ЛТ) B4 у сироватці крові на моделі ад’ювантного артриту (АА) у щурів. Експериментальні дослідження проведено на 42 щурах-самцях масою 200–220 г. АА у щурів має всі морфо-функціональні ознаки РА у людини та супроводжується типовою реакцією, основною ланкою якої є Т-клітинний імунітет. АА моделювали субплантарним веденням щурам («0» день експерименту) повного ад’юванту Фрейнда (ПАФ) у задню праву кінцівку з розрахунку 0,1 мл на щура. Лікування АА проводилося з 14-го по 28-й день. КЕП, КЕС та КС-МСК уводили з інтервалом два дні (усього 5 ін’єкцій), відповідно на 14, 17, 20, 23 та 26 дні. Установлено, що розвиток АА у щурів супроводжувався зростанням рівня ПГЕ2 на 34,7% (р<0,01), ТхB2 – на 72,4% (р<0,001) та ЛТB4 – на 74,7% (р<0,001) відносно показників інтактних тварин, що підтверджувало імунозапальний характер змодельованої патології. На тлі застосування безклітинних кріоконсервованих біологічних засобів, як і референс-препарату диклофенаку натрію, відзначалося зниження рівня всіх досліджуваних ейкозаноїдів. Таким чином, застосування безклітинних кріоконсервованих біологічних засобів призвело до зниження рівня досліджуваних ейкозаноїдів у сироватці крові щурів з АА на 28-й день експерименту. Найвиразніші зміни відзначено на тлі введення КС-МСК: рівень ПГЕ2 знизився на 24,8% (р<0,05), ТхB2 – на 30,3% (р<0,01) та ЛТB4 – на 25,6% (р<0,01) відносно показників щурів з АА без лікування.
Tuberculose de sistema nervoso central em crianças e adolescentes: um estudo descritivo em um hospital referência do sul do Brasil
Authors: Bueno Johan Gustavo Lisboa , Navarini Izabella Geórgia Formento , Carvalho Emanuela Rocha
Published: May 2024

Introdução: Este artigo descreve as características de crianças com tuberculose (TB) do sistema nervoso central (SNC), uma forma grave de TB extrapulmonar. Método: Estudo observacional e descritivo de 11 casos diagnosticados em um hospital de referência no sul do Brasil. Resultados: A faixa etária mais acometida no estudo foi de 0 a 2 anos sendo a maioria do sexo masculino e de áreas urbanas. Os sintomas mais comuns relatados foram febre persistente e vômitos. Os exames complementares mais utilizados foram tomografia computadorizada crânio com o achado frequente de hidrocefalia comunicante e análise do líquor achados de pleocitose, hipoglicorraquia e hiperproteinorraquia. As bacterioscopias e culturas foram negativas. Discussão e Conclusão: O diagnóstico rápido e preciso é um desafio devido aos sintomas inespecíficos que mimetizam doenças de menor gravidade, sendo o método Xpert MTB/RIF eficaz para diagnóstico dentre os métodos moleculares. O tratamento requer o uso de tuberculostáticos e corticoterapia associada. A vacina BCG tem efeito protetor contra a TB de SNC, sendo necessário o fortalecimento do SUS para manutenção e melhoria dos programas de vacinação.
The Environmental Drivers of Beach Water Quality in Vancouver
Authors: Tustin Jordan , Young Ian , Sanchez Johanna , Desta Binyam Negussie
Published: May 2024

Understanding and predicting the environmental drivers of recreational water quality, measured by E. coli concentration, can support public health decision making. We present the results of analyses conducted at Vancouver beaches.
The Influence of Economic Value Added (EVA), Market Value Added (MVA) And Company Value On Stock Prices PT. Bank Panin Dubai Syariah
Authors: Al Rafi Fauzan , Samsul Samsul , Hamid Supriadi
Published: May 2024

Share price is an indicator of the success of running a company. When a company's share price rises, investors believe the company is successful in managing its business. If share prices continue to fall, it means the company has not succeeded in increasing its company value. This research aims to determine the influence of each variable Economic Value Added (EVA), Market Value Added (MVA), and Company Value on the share price of PT. Bank Panin Dubai Syariah both partially and simultaneously. This research is quantitative research with a correlational approach (correlation), the research data source is secondary data in the form of financial reports and share prices of the company PT. Bank Panin Dubai Syariah quarter 2014-2021. Data hypothesis testing in this study uses multiple linear regression tests. Data analysis includes classical assumption tests, multiple regression analysis, F tests and T tests. The results of the research reveal that the Economic Value Added (EVA) variable has a significant and negative effect on stock prices, EVA produces value negative, indicating that the company's performance and ability to generate wealth have not been achieved for the company and investors. The Market Value Added (MVA) variable has no significant and negative effect on stock prices. MVA produces a negative value which indicates that the company's main goal of increasing shareholder wealth has not been achieved. Meanwhile, the company value variable (PBV) produces a significant and positive value which indicates the share price is below 1, which means the share price is undervalued or relatively cheap.
Behavioral flexibility is related to foraging, but not social or habitat use behaviors, in a species that is rapidly expanding its range
Authors: Logan Corina , Lukas Dieter , Geng Xuewen , LeGrande-Rolls Christa , Marfori Zara , MacPherson Maggie , Rowney Carol , Smith Caroline , McCune Kelsey
Published: May 2024

The ability of other species to adapt to human modified environments is increasingly crucial because of the rapid expansion of this landscape type. Behavioral flexibility, the ability to change behavior in the face of a changing environment by packaging information and making it available to other cognitive processes, is hypothesized to be a key factor in a species’ ability to successfully adapt to new environments, including human modified environments, and expand its geographic range. However, most tests of this hypothesis confound behavioral flexibility with the specific proxy aspect of foraging, social, or habitat use behavior that was feasible to measure. This severely limits the power of predictions about whether and how a species uses flexibility to adapt behavior to new environments. To begin to resolve this issue, we directly tested flexibility using two measures (reversal learning and puzzlebox solution switching) and investigated its relationship with foraging, social, and habitat use behaviors in a flexible species that is rapidly expanding its geographic range: the great-tailed grackle. We found relationships between flexibility and foraging breadth and foraging techniques, with the less flexible individuals using a higher proportion of human foods and having more human food sources within their home range, suggesting that they specialize on human foods. These relationships were only detectable after a flexibility manipulation where some individuals were trained to be more flexible via serial reversal learning and compared with control individuals who were not, but not when using data from outside of the flexibility manipulation. There were no strong relationships between flexibility and social or habitat use behaviors. Given that this species is rapidly expanding its geographic range and recently shifting more toward urban and arid environments, our findings could suggest that foraging breadth and foraging technique breadth are factors in facilitating such an expansion. Overall, this evidence indicates that cross-species correlations between flexibility and foraging, social, and habitat use behaviors based on proxies have a high degree of uncertainty, resulting in an insufficient ability to draw conclusions.
Tot parlant de llengua i emocions per les Terres de Ponent
Authors: Gràcia i Damas Annabel
Published: May 2024

The present work by Annabel Gràcia, without many precedents to guide her, responds to the ambition of incorporating these approaches into research on Catalan, and constitutes a concrete application of a research programme in a well-defined territorial area. In this volume, you will find the procedures devised for the task and the materials obtained in research that will have to be replicated, adapted and improved in other areas and territories of the language. The interest of this work is theoretical, methodological and also, at the same time, practical, in providing precise, direct and authentic testimonies of what a representative group of speakers in the north-western area feel about «their» language.
Ảnh hưởng của sự khiếm từ khách hàng lên hiệu suất dịch vụ ngành ngân hàng Việt Nam: Vai trò trung gian của kiệt quệ cảm xúc và động lực trả thù của nhân viên
Authors: Nguyễn Viết Bằng , Đặng Văn Thạc
Published: May 2024

Sự khiếm nhã từ khách hàng đang ngày một được chú ý trong bối cảnh kinh tế thị trường hiện nay bởi nhiều hệ lụy của nó. Nghiên cứu kiểm định trong ngành ngân hàng cho thấy hành vi khiếm nhã của nhân viên ảnh hưởng trực tiếp đến sự khiếm nhã từ khách hàng, từ đó mang đến kiệt quệ cảm xúc và động lực trả thù của nhân viên, cuối cùng gây tác động tiêu cực đến hiệu suất dịch vụ. Ngoài ra, động lực báo thù và kiệt sức cảm xúc của nhân viên được xem xét là cầu nối giữa khách hàng khiếm nhã đến hiệu suất dịch vụ kém.
Outdated latin names of medicinal plants in the monographs of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation, XIV edition (review)
Authors: Povydysh M. N. , Goncharov M. Yu.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. The State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation, XIV-th edition (SP XIV), includes 107 monographs devoted to medicinal plant materials. The purpose of the study was to identify incorrect Latin names of medicinal plants in the monographs of the XIV edition, study the officially accepted Latin names and taxonomic position of medicinal plants in accordance with the contemporary system of flowering plants, and justify the need to make changes in subsequent editions of the pharmacopoeia.

Text. 44 cases of incorrect Latin names were found. This is explained by the fact that when developing new pharmacopoeia monographs, either Latin names historically established in Russian pharmacognosy were used, or names that were legal at the time of the last edition of the Pharmacopoeia. The bulk of nomenclatural changes are associated with the adoption of the new APG system of flowering plants, based on molecular genetic data. The paper contains lists of plants for which the State Pharmacopoeia XIV contains an incorrect name of the genus, species, family or author, indicating the correct name, as well as comments on the rules of modern botanical nomenclature.

Conclusion. In connection with the prospects for processing monographs on medicinal plant raw materials for the State Pharmacopoeia XV-th edition, as well as the EAEU Pharmacopoeia, the harmonization of the nomenclature of pharmacopoeial plants with modern international requirements becomes especially relevant.
Algorithm for the development of a multicomponent pharmaceutical substance of plant origin with antimicrobial action: from science search to dosage form
Authors: Filatov V. A. , Kulyak O. Yu. , Kalenikova E. I.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Despite the proven clinical efficacy of antifungal and anti-inflammatory drugs for the prevention and treatment of seborrheic dermatitis, the search for new targets and the development of new substances with a beneficial effect on the scalp microflora, with a low risk of antimicrobial resistance and adverse effects, are relevant.

Aim. Development of the antimicrobial multicomponent pharmaceutical substance of plant origin in stages: from a literature search for promising substances, analysis of their composition by GC-MS, in silico evaluation of the affinity of individual components to pathogenetic targets, selection of the optimal composition of a multicomponent substance based on the results of in vitro research of antimicrobial action and the making of a medical dosage form based on it – a medicinal shampoo for the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis.

Materials and methods. Objects of research: tea tree essential oil, 1,8-cineole, α-(-)-bisabolol and the multicomponent substance based on them. Methods: molecular docking (AutoDock version 4.2), prediction of pharmacological activity (Phyto4Health), TLC, GC-MS, study of antimicrobial activity in vitro.

Results and discussion. Based on the results of a literature search, 3 promising substances were selected for the development of a multicomponent plant-based substance: tea tree essential oil, 1,8-cineole and α-(-)-bisabolol. Molecular docking predicted the targeted activity of the phytochemicals of tea tree essential oil, 1,8-cineole and α-(-)-bisabolol on the domains of ABC-transporters of microorganisms involved in the pathogenesis of seborrheic dermatitis and justified the possibility of use for therapy. The multicomponent substance has been developed based on tea tree essential oil, 1,8-cineole and α-(-)-bisabolol in a mass ratio of 1 : 1 : 1. The qualitative composition of the substance was assessed by TLC and GC-MS methods, and 15 terpenes were quantitatively identified in its composition with a predominance of terpinen-4-ol (16.98 %), 1,8-cineole (25.63 %) and α-(-)-bisabolol (27.67 %). The synergistic antimicrobial activity of the substance has been established against S. epidermidis, S. aureus, C. albicans and M. furfur in comparison with benzalkonium chloride, ketoconazole and climbazole. The composition of a new medical shampoo based on the investigated substance has been developed, which has a pronounced antifungal effect (more than 99.0 %) against M. furfur without visible suppression of normal microflora. For the novel substance of plant origin and medical shampoo, quality parameters were assessed in accordance with the Russian Pharmacopoeia of XIV edition.

Conclusion. A substance of plant origin with synergistic and targeted antimicrobial activity has been developed. It has an interest for further study as a drug and API for new products for the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis.
Uso de álcool e tabaco durante a gestação e a incidência do Transtorno do Espectro Autista
Authors: Gurgel Maria Eduarda Sartori , Plastino Rúbia Martins , Chagas Maria Fernanda Azevedo , Cordeiro Milenna Pontes , Maciel Clara de Assis , Costa Pedro Victor Maia , Lustosa Ulisses Caribé Soares , Moura Pedro Freitas , Albuquerque Davi Rodrigues de , Souza Manuela Barbosa Rodrigues de
Published: May 2024

O Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) pode ser definido como uma série de sintomas sociais, de comunicação, de padrões de pensamento e ações, além de um nível de funcionamento intelectual variável. Questiona-se a existência de uma relação entre o uso de álcool e tabaco, pela gestante, sobretudo no primeiro trimestre gestacional, e o desenvolvimento do TEA na prole. A presente revisão sistemática objetivou discutir a interferência do uso dessas substâncias durante a gravidez na incidência do TEA, descrevendo mecanismos de ação dessas drogas lícitas no organismo materno e seus desdobramentos na vida intrauterina do feto. Essa análise foi realizada a partir de artigos selecionados, dentre produções científicas publicadas dos anos de 2018 a 2023, completas e gratuitas, nos idiomas português, inglês ou espanhol, disponíveis na base de dados PubMed. Há divergências entre os achados na literatura quanto à relação entre o consumo de álcool e tabaco na gestação e a incidência de TEA na prole. Entretanto, alguns estudos apontam para mecanismos de ação dessas drogas que aumentam a propensão ao TEA durante o desenvolvimento intrauterino, como a exposição à nicotina e ao ácido fórmico, a produção de citocinas inflamatórias e alterações epigenéticas em tecidos fetais. Sendo assim, percebe-se que há interferência do uso de álcool e tabaco no metabolismo materno e fetal, porém existem poucos estudos e evidências sobre sua influência na incidência do TEA, sendo necessário o incentivo à realização de mais pesquisas acerca dessa relação.
MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA SISWA DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Aningsih Aningsih , Safitri Mujiani Dwi , Septiarini Nurindah Silvia
Published: May 2024

Hasil belajar IPA siswa sekolah dasar yang di bawah rata- rata, hal ini disebabkan karena pembelajaran berpusat pada guru. Dalam menyampaikan materi kepada siswa hanya berjalah satu arah dari guru kepada siswa kemudian banyak siswa yang tidak menyadari pentingnya belajar, khsusnya pada mata pelajaran IPA, karena siswa merasa kesulitan dalam memahami materi yang diberikan oleh guru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran dari penggunaan mmodel pembelajaran Problem Based Learningyang dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa di sekolah dasar. Meltoldel analisis yang digunakan yaitu Syistelmatic Litelratur Relvielw (SLR) atau tinjauan Pustaka sistelmatis yaitu pelnelitian untuk melakukan idelntifikasi, elvaluasi, dan intelrpreltasi telrhadap selmua hasil pelnelitian yang relelvan telrkait pelrtanyaan pelnelitian telrtelntu, tolpik telrtelntu atau felnolmelna yang melnjadi pelrhatian. Analisis ini melnggunakan 17 jurnal artikel yang belrkaitan delngan moldel pelmbelajaran Prolblelm Baseld Lelarning ( PBL) dan hasil belajar IPA yang selsuai delngan inklusi pelnelitian. Yaitu telrindelks databasel gololglel scholar, jurnal dipublikasikan pada tahun 2018 - 2022 ( 5 tahun telrakhir ), subjelk pelncarian selsuai delngan tolpik pelmbahasan pelneliti, pelajaran IPA, dan siswa selkolah dasar. Berdasarkan hasil analisis model pembelajaran Model Pembelajaran Problem Mased Learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa secolah dasar secara siknifikan.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA KONSONAN RANGKAP SISWA KELAS 1 SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Hawani Siti Isvia Nur , Hadisatputri Tri Intan , Anugrah Pratama Agung , Fauzi Giwangsa Sendi
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh kurangnya kemampuan membaca permulaan siswa kelas 1 khususnya pada huruf konsonan rangkap. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini yaitu unruk mengetahui latar belakang apa saja yang mempengaruhi siswa belum bisa membaca atau melafalkan huruf konsonan rangkap dengan baik, serta upaya apa yang bisa dilakukan untuk melatih serta meningkatkan kemampuan membaca huruf konsonan rangkap siswa kelas 1 sekolah dasar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kualitatif deskriptif dengan subjek penelitian 7 orang siswa dan guru kelas 1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa kelas 1 masih belum bisa membaca konsonan rangkap dengan baik. sebab, pembelajaran yang dilakukan di sekolah belum terlaksana secara maksimal sehingga memunculkan beberapa kesalahan yang biasanya terjadi yaitu menghilangkan suku kata pada konsonan rangkap, memisahkan huruf konsonan rangkap, serta tidak mengetahui bagaimana cara membaca huruf konsonan rangkap. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan yaitu dengan memberikan les tambatan serta menggunakan media pembelajaran yang dapat siswa gunakan untuk berlatih membaca secara mandiri.
Traditional beliefs prolong outbreaks of man-eating lions
Authors: Packer Craig , Kushnir Hadas , Ikanda Dennis
Published: May 2024

From the 1800s to the 1950s, “spirit lions” and “spirit leopards” were blamed for countless deaths across Africa that were in fact caused by a combination of genuine carnivore attacks and murders instigated by witch doctors and secret societies. The widespread belief in supernatural spirit animals was viewed by the colonial authorities as rendering populations more vulnerable to further attacks by actual lions and leopards, as villagers were often reluctant to take concrete steps to eliminate the dangerous animals. Nearly a thousand people were attacked by lions in southern Tanzania between 1990 and 2006, involving 32 spatially discrete outbreaks that had been categorized by local communities as having been caused either by spirit lions or by real lions. Our interviews revealed that at least 40% of adults in three of the worst-hit districts believed in spirit lions and that this belief generally delayed their communities’ response. Consequently, outbreaks that were attributed to spirit lions persisted far longer than those attributed to real lions and included nearly twice as many victims. Belief in spirit lions declined with level of primary-school education, and male respondents were less likely to express a belief in spirit lions when interviewed by an American woman than by a Tanzanian man.
Challenging of ECMO application in pediatric restrictive cardiomyopathy: case report of a novel TNNI3 variant
Authors: Jin Yuxi , Xu Juan , Hua Yimin , Zhang Haiyang , Li Yifei
Published: May 2024

Background

Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) represents a rare cardiovascular disorder stemming from filament-associated genes. Nonetheless, treating RCM presents considerable challenges, particularly concerning device implantation and mechanical support. Furthermore, elucidating the molecular function of specific variants holds promise in benefiting patients and enhancing prognosis, given the significant heterogeneity among RCM variants.

Case presentation

The proband, an eight-year-old female, was admitted to our hospital post cardiopulmonary resuscitation due to sudden cardiac arrest. Echocardiography revealed bilateral atrial enlargement. Whole-exome sequencing uncovered a novel heterozygous mutation (c.509G>A, p.R170Q) in TNNI3. Evaluation using the MutationTaster application deemed c.509G>A pathogenic (probability = 0.99). Following clinical manifestations, imaging assessments, and genetic screening, the proband received an RCM diagnosis. ECMO was recommended along with continuous renal replacement therapy. However, persistent atrial flutter ensued post-ECMO withdrawal. Attempts to restore cardiac rhythm with cardioversion, metoprolol, and amiodarone proved futile. Subsequent heart failure led to the patient's demise due to cardiac shock. Based on crystal protein structural analysis, we observed that cTnI-R170Q and R170W exerted similar impacts on protein structural stability and formation. However, both differed significantly from cTnI-R170G, primarily influencing amino acid regions 32–79 and 129–149, involved in TnC and actin binding. Therefore, cTnI-R170Q was revealed to induce RCM via the same molecular mechanism as cTnI-R170W.

Conclusion

Managing RCM remains a critical challenge. This study underscores the discouragement of device implantations for cardiac pump functional support in RCM, particularly for non-short-term scheduled HTx. Additionally, considering catheter ablation for atrial fibrosis-induced AFs is recommended. Mechanistically, cTnI-R170Q primarily diminishes troponin-actin interactions and destabilizes thin filaments.
Bibliometric analysis of publications on the effect of animal production on climate change from past to present
Authors: Çelik Şenol
Published: May 2024

Bibliometrics and scientific mapping methods using R software, the biblioshiny web program, Scopus and VOSviewer were used to analyze the works of literature referenced and analyzed by the Web of Science during 1990–2023 in order to provide a thorough overview of the effect of animal production on climate change research from 1990 to 2023. A bibliometric analysis of 6,558 publications that were published on the Web of Science database was done in order to determine which articles, authors, and journals were the most important. It also provided information on future study themes and gaps, as well as present topic trends. The most productive nations are China, the United States, and Australia; the most productive journals are Global Change Biology, The Science of the Total Environment, and Environmental Science and Pollution Research International. The analysis’s findings show that, over the course of the study period, there was a noticeable rise in the number of research publications discussing how animal production is impacted by climate change, along with a steady expansion of the study area. The level of cooperation and research projects in this field among nations has increased, which has improved the caliber of publications over time. Important publications, writers, and journals in the area of how animal production affects climate change were also tallied. The problem of animal production and climate change will become significantly more dependent on new data, techniques, and technology.
Adaptation of the internet business self-efficacy scale for Peruvian students with a commercial profile
Authors: Torres-Miranda Julio Samuel , Ccama Celinda Aroni , Niño Valiente Juana Rosa , Turpo-Chaparro Josué Edison , Castillo-Blanco Ronald , Mamani-Benito Oscar
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Given the lack of instruments to evaluate the sense of efficacy regarding entrepreneurial capacity in Peruvian university students, this study aims to translate into Spanish, adapt, and validate the Internet Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy Scale in Peruvian university students with a commercial profile.

Method

An instrumental study was conducted where 743 students between 18 and 42 years old participated in careers with a commercial profile (Administration, Accounting, Economics, and other related careers) from the three regions of Peru (Coast, Mountains, Jungle). For analyzing content-based validity, Aiken’s V coefficient was used, Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient was used for reliability, and internal structure was used through confirmatory factor analysis.

Results

A reverse translation was achieved in the appropriate time and context. All items proved to be valid (V >0.70), and the reliability of the instrument was very good (α = 0.96). Concerning the results of the confirmatory factor analysis, the three-dimensional structure of the instrument was evaluated, finding an adequate fit [χ2(87) = 279.6, p < 0.001, CFI = 0.972, RMSEA = 0.049, SRMR = 0.025], based on this, the original internal structure was corroborated. In complementary analyses, it was found that the instrument is invariant according to sex and university. Finally, it demonstrates significant correlations with scales that measure similar constructs.

Conclusion

The Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy Scale on the Internet shows adequate psychometric properties; therefore, it can be used as a management tool to analyze the entrepreneurial capacity of university students with a commercial profile. These findings allow universities to evaluate the entrepreneurial capabilities of students who can promote sustainable businesses, which in turn improves the relationship between the University, state, and company.
A critical review on analysis of sand producing and sand-control technologies for oil well in oilfields
Authors: He Xujiao , Pang Zhanxi , Ren Lixin , Zhao Liangdong , Lu Xinqian , Wang Yanwei , Liu Pengcheng
Published: May 2024

Sand production in oil wells seriously affects the production of oil and gas in oilfields. Although conventional sand-control techniques can effectively prevent sand production, it may also limit the productivity of oil wells. Fracturing and packing sand control technology changes the distribution of pressure and flow in the wellbore, while foam polymer resin diversion technology reduces the anisotropy of reservoir permeability and increases the area of oil leakage in the reservoir, both achieving the goal of sand control and increased production. The sand-free production rate is successfully increased thanks to zeta potential sand control technology, which modifies the formation’s sand potential and causes the sand to agglomerate without harming the reservoir. This article first looks into the causes of sand production in oil and gas wells before examining the fundamentals, implementation strategies, and effects of traditional sand control techniques, fracturing and filling sand control technology, foam polymer resin diversion technology, and Zeta potential sand control technology. In this article, the experience of sand control technology in actual oil field applications is summarized, explained in detail, and the future development possibilities of sand control technology are discussed.
Mechanism of displacement gas kick in horizontal well drilling into deep fractured gas reservoir
Authors: Zhang Xuliang , Ding Tianbao , Zhou Bo , Yin Bangtang
Published: May 2024

The risk of well control is high when displacement gas kick occurs in the deep fractured reservoir, and improper handling can easily lead to blowout, which will seriously affect the deep well drilling. Using Fluent software, a simulation model was constructed to depict the interaction of a horizontal well with vertical fractures. The displacement gas kick process was simulated in horizontal well under formation temperature and pressure conditions. An analysis was conducted to assess the impact of fracture width, quantity, as well as the viscosity and density of drilling fluid on the process of gas-liquid displacement. It further compared the effectiveness of three measures in counteracting displacement gas kick: applying back pressure at the wellhead, altering the viscosity and density of the drilling fluid. New findings suggest that the gas-liquid interface within the fracture exhibits a funnel-like shape, where the gas and liquid phases are layered in the annulus and manifest in a streak-like pattern. Fracture width, quantity, and drilling fluid density promote displacement, while drilling fluid viscosity inhibits the displacement. Different from vertical wells, in horizontal wells, displacement gas kick mainly appears in the underbalanced interval. The fracture width primarily determines the size of the displacement window, while the density and viscosity of the drilling fluid exert lesser influence. Horizontal wells are highly sensitive to variations in external conditions when it comes to displacement gas kick. Therefore, enhancing the wellhead back pressure is advisable to address the displacement gas kick in horizontal wells.
Evaluation, mechanism and policy implications of the symbiotic relationship among rural digitization, agricultural development and farmer enrichment: evidence from digital village pilots in China
Authors: Lai Min , Li Weiwei , Gao Zhenyu , Xing Zhipeng
Published: May 2024

Digitization is becoming the key to achieving rural revitalization, and there is a complex inter-active relationship with farmer enrichment, and agriculture development, making it highly valued by governments around the world. Quantitatively evaluating the symbiotic relationship between rural digitization, farmer enrichment, and agricultural development, and reveal the driving mechanism behind them, which can provide evidence for the rural government, agricultural enterprises, and relevant stakeholders. This paper conducts an empirical study of 84 digital village national pilots in China based on coupling coordination model and geographically weighted regression, with focus on the spatial characteristics, symbiotic relationship and driving mechanisms of the pilots. The symbiotic relationship between rural digitization, farmer enrichment, and agriculture development has significant heterogeneity, with most of the pilots in coordination state. The driving mechanism of rural digitization, farmer enrichment, agriculture development, and symbiotic relationship were complicated, with significant heterogeneity and synergy in the driving forces of different factors, and special attention should be paid to spatial effects (the nature and intensity of regression coefficients in local regions) in the policy design and implementation. It is worth noting that population aging mainly plays a negative role, while industrialization, government support, resident capacity plays a positive role. The other factors play both positive and negative roles. Income gap between urban and rural residents, population aged 65 and above, financial self-sufficiency are the most critical factors. We suggest developing differentiated management policy, accurate management policy, and integrated management policy, which can provide a basis for digital village and smart village planning, construction and management in China. In view of the significant differences in rural digitalization and its driving mechanisms in different pilots as shown in the study, it is necessary to design differentiated spatial policies according to local conditions, to design accurate management policies based on the driving effects of key single factors, and to design integrated development policies by taking into account the interactive effects of multiple factors.
Response of soft rock and sand compound soil structure to freeze-thaw cycles in Mu Us Sandy Land, China
Authors: Zhang Haiou , Cao Tingting , Guo Zhen , Wang Yingguo , Hou Xiandong
Published: May 2024

In order to accurately understand the relationship between soil structure and climate feedback in the frozen soil area of Mu Us Sandy Land, China, and to explore the key control factors for the structural stability of soft rock and sand compound soil under freeze-thaw environment, the indoor freeze-thaw simulation experiment was applied. The results show that the freeze-thaw period, clay content, organic matter and their interactions have significant effects on the stability of composite soil aggregates. After 10 freeze-thaw cycles, the aggregate content in the 1:0, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:5 composite soil with a diameter greater than 1 mm decreased by 55%, 34%, 44%, and 57%, while the aggregate content with a diameter less than 1 mm increased by 91%, 70%, 66%, and 87%, and the aggregate composition of each particle size is mainly concentrated in the range of 0.25–0.5 mm. Under freeze-thaw conditions, the changes of clay and aggregate content in different proportions of composite soil is the same, all showing 1:1>1:2:>1:5, and 1:1 composite soil with >0.25 mm aggregate content is the highest. Under freeze-thaw alternations, 1:1, 1:2 and 1:5 composite soil aggregates (<0.5 mm) showed a significant positive correlation with soil organic matter, while there is no significant correlation between large aggregates (>1 mm) and soil organic matter. In conclusion, the freeze-thaw cycle reduces the structural stability of composite soil aggregates, and clay are the key controlling factors for the formation and structural stability of composite soil aggregates.
The spatiotemporal evolution and impact of green land use efficiency in resource-based cities in the yellow river basin under the background of sustainable development
Authors: Li Yuzhuo , Yu Dongbo , Zhang Xiangdong
Published: May 2024

Introduction: With the rapid advancement of industrialization and urbanization in the Yellow River Basin, the number of resource-based cities is constantly increasing, leading to an imbalance in land use structure and the gradual worsening of adverse effects such as damage to the ecological environment. Hence, improving the efficiency of green land use in resource-based cities has extremely crucial ecological and practical meaning for sustainable development.

Methods: This study comprehensively considers interdisciplinary theories such as ecology and management, and combines the actual situation of resource-based cities in the Yellow River Basin to construct a new type of urban field green utilization efficiency assessment index system. To promote the coordinated development of different dimensions, the corresponding spatiotemporal evolution process and related influencing factors were also analyzed.

Results and discussion: The research results indicate that the overall spatial evolution of the Yellow River Basin has active correlation. During the period from 2006 to 2022, the number of high value agglomeration cities in upstream resource-based cities increased by nearly 25%; Nearly 3% of resourcecities exhibit low-value heterogeneity, while the number of resource cities with low value agglomeration has decreased to 0. In addition, population density and scientific education expenditure level are key factors affecting the ratio of green land use in resource-based cities, while the impact of economic indicators is gradually decreasing. In summary, the assessment indicator system for urban land green utilization ratio proposed in the study is more comprehensive, and the spatial distribution results of influencing factors can provide a solid data foundation for decision-makers.
What’s the situation with ocular inflammation? A cross-seasonal investigation of proteomic changes in ocular allergy sufferers’ tears in Victoria, Australia
Authors: Aydin Esrin , Nie Shuai , Azizoglu Serap , Chong Luke , Gokhale Moneisha , Suphioglu Cenk
Published: May 2024

Background

Ocular allergy (OA) is a localized subset of allergy characterized by ocular surface itchiness, redness and inflammation. Inflammation and eye-rubbing, due to allergy-associated itch, are common in OA sufferers and may trigger changes to the ocular surface biochemistry. The primary aim of this study is to assess the differences in the human tear proteome between OA sufferers and Healthy Controls (HCs) across peak allergy season and off-peak season in Victoria, Australia.

Methods

19 participants (14 OA sufferers, 5 HCs) aged 18–45 were recruited for this study. Participants were grouped based on allergy symptom assessment questionnaire scoring. Proteins were extracted from human tear samples and were run on an Orbitrap Mass Spectrometer. Peaks were matched to a DIA library. Data was analyzed using the software MaxQuant, Perseus and IBM SPSS.

Results

1267 proteins were identified in tear samples of OA sufferers and HCs. 23 proteins were differentially expressed between peak allergy season OA suffers vs HCs, and 21 were differentially expressed in off-peak season. Decreased proteins in OA sufferers related to cell structure regulation, inflammatory regulation and antimicrobial regulation. In both seasons, OA sufferers were shown to have increased expression of proteins relating to inflammation, immune responses and cellular development.

Conclusion

Tear protein identification showed dysregulation of proteins involved in inflammation, immunity and cellular structures. Proteins relating to cellular structure may suggest a possible link between OA-associated itch and the subsequent ocular surface damage via eye-rubbing, while inflammatory and immune protein changes highlight potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers of OA.
Diversity and distribution of small-sized planktonic ciliate communities in the East China Sea
Authors: Chen Wei-Ting , Lin Yun-Chi , Tsai Sheng-Fang , Chiang Kuo-Ping
Published: May 2024

Ciliates are an important ecological component in the microbial food web, but few studies have been conducted on the spatial distribution of small-sized planktonic ciliate communities in the East China Sea (ECS). Investigating ciliate communities using conventional morphological approaches is particularly difficult for the small, fragile, and naked species. Therefore, we applied DNA metabarcoding analysis to explore the spatial pattern of small-sized planktonic ciliate community structure within the surface, deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM), and bottom layers. Results showed the cosmopolitan species, Leegaardiella sp., was dominant and widespread in the ECS. The relative abundance of the mixotrophic family Tontonnidae decreased in the deeper layer. We characterized water masses of the ECS using environmental variables. In nano-sized ciliate communities, non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) plots revealed a correlation with temperature, salinity, density, and depth. The circulation patterns were similar to cluster analysis results, suggesting that hydrographic conditions shaped small-sized ciliate community composition.
Assessment of microbial communities from cold mine environments and subsequent enrichment, isolation and characterization of putative antimony- or copper-metabolizing microorganisms
Authors: Prieto-Fernández Francisca , Lambert Stefan , Kujala Katharina
Published: May 2024

Mining activities, even in arctic regions, create waste materials releasing metals and metalloids, which have an impact on the microorganisms inhabiting their surroundings. Some species can persist in these areas through tolerance to meta(loid)s via, e.g., metabolic transformations. Due to the interaction between microorganisms and meta(loid)s, interest in the investigation of microbial communities and their possible applications (like bioremediation or biomining) has increased. The main goal of the present study was to identify, isolate, and characterize microorganisms, from subarctic mine sites, tolerant to the metalloid antimony (Sb) and the metal copper (Cu). During both summer and winter, samples were collected from Finnish mine sites (site A and B, tailings, and site C, a water-treatment peatland) and environmental parameters were assessed. Microorganisms tolerant to Sb and Cu were successfully enriched under low temperatures (4°C), creating conditions that promoted the growth of aerobic and fermenting metal(loid) tolerating or anaerobic metal(loid) respiring organism. Microbial communities from the environment and Sb/Cu-enriched microorganisms were studied via 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Site C had the highest number of taxa and for all sites, an expected loss of biodiversity occurred when enriching the samples, with genera like Prauserella, Pseudomonas or Clostridium increasing their relative abundances and others like Corynebacterium or Kocuria reducing in relative abundance. From enrichments, 65 putative Sb- and Cu-metabolizing microorganisms were isolated, showing growth at 0.1 mM to 10 mM concentrations and 0°C to 40°C temperatures. 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the isolates indicated that most of the putative anaerobically Sb-respiring tolerators were related to the genus Clostridium. This study represents the first isolation, to our knowledge, of putative Sb-metabolizing cold-tolerant microorganisms and contributes to the understanding of metal (loid)-tolerant microbial communities in Arctic mine sites.