bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TM4SF1 Regulates Pancreatic Cancer Migration and Invasion In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Cao Jia , Yang Jia-chun , Ramachandran Vijaya , Arumugam Thiruvengadam , Deng De-feng , Li Zhao-shen , Xu Lei-ming , Logsdon Craig D.
Published: July 2016

Background/Aims: The cell surface protein transmembrane 4 L6 family member 1 (TM4SF1) has been detected in various tumors and plays a major role in the development of cancer. We aimed to investigate the effects of TM4SF1 on the migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer in vitro and in vivo and explore its related molecular mechanisms. Methods: qRT-PCR and immunohistochemical analyses were used to measure the expression of TM4SF1 in pancreatic cancer tissues and adjacent tissues. TM4SF1 was silenced using siRNA and shRNA to investigate the role of this protein in the proliferation and metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells. MTS and Transwell assays were used to examine the effect of TM4SF1 on pancreatic cancer cell lines. The expression and activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were determined by qRT-PCR, western blots and gelatin zymography. In vivo, orthotopic pancreatic tumor models were used to examine the formation of metastasis. Results: qRT-PCR and immunohistochemical analyses showed that TM4SF1 was highly expressed in pancreatic cancer tissues compared with the adjacent tissues. In in vitro experiments the silencing of TM4SF1 reduced cell migration and invasion and down-regulated the expression and activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9. However, no significant difference in cell proliferation was detected after silencing TM4SF1. Additionally, knocking down TM4SF1 decreased the formation of lung and liver metastases in orthotopic pancreatic tumor models. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that the expression of TM4SF1 is higher in pancreatic cancer tissues and pancreatic cancer cell lines than controls. Knockdown of TM4SF1 inhibited the migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells by regulating the expression and activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9, which suggests that TM4SF1 may play a significant role in metastasis in pancreatic cancer.
Induction of Genes Expressed in Endothelial Cells of the Corpus Callosum in the Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion Rat Model
Authors: Aso Yasuhiro , Nakamura Kenichiro , Kimura Noriyuki , Takemaru Makoto , Arakawa Ryuki , Fujiki Minoru , Hirano Teruyuki , Kumamoto Toshihide , Matsubara Etsuro
Published: July 2016

Background: Cerebrovascular white matter lesions (WMLs) are associated with cognitive impairment in patients with subcortical vascular dementia. We performed a comprehensive gene expression analysis to elucidate genes associated with WML development in a chronic cerebral hypoperfusion rat model. Methods: Brains of rats with bilateral carotid ligation (2VO, n = 10) and sham-operated rats (n = 5-10/group) were removed on days 1, 7, or 28 after surgery. Total RNA isolated from the corpus callosum was evaluated by microarray analysis and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Results: On days 7 and 28, WMLs exhibited histologic changes. On day 7, 16 genes were differentially expressed between groups. mRNA levels of Ptprb, Kcnj8, Crispld2, Bcl6b, and Gja5 were differentially expressed in 2VO rats on day 7, but then returned to normal, whereas mRNA levels of Vwf and Trappc6a were upregulated after day 7. Immunohistochemistry showed that GJA5 and vWF were detected in endothelial cells, KCNJ8 in endothelial cells and astrocytes, CRISPLD2 in neurons and astrocytes, and TRAPPC6A in neurons. Conclusion: Our findings indicate novel genes that may be associated with WML development in the chronic cerebral hypoperfusion rat model, and suggest an important role of neurovascular dysfunction in the pathophysiology.
A first report of egg parasitism in the Tropical Tasar Silkworm Antheraea mylitta (Drury) occurring on cashew
Authors: Vanitha K. , Santhosh S.
Published: July 2016

The present study has documented egg parasitism in Tropical Tasar Silkworm for the first time. The parasitoid is Anastatus leithi (Walker) belonging to Eupelmidae family.  It is a solitary koinobiont endoparasitoid, emerges out as adults from the tasar eggs in 17-20 days during August- September. The parasitism rate was recorded at 11.90 percentage.
On the distribution of Aeshna petalura Martin, 1908 (Odonata: Anisoptera: Aeshnidae) in the Indian subcontinent
Authors: Babu R. , Srinivasan G.
Published: July 2016

Aeshna petalura Martin, is documented for the first time from the high ranges of the eastern Himalaya (above 4,000m) and also a new record from the Tawang Region of Arunachal Pradesh, India.  The description of the species along with a distribution range map is also provided.  The type locality and distribution within India is also discussed.
Verfahren der argutia in Sonetten von Sibylla Schwarz
Authors: Weiland Gudrun
Published: July 2016

In Martin Opitz’s Buch von der deutschen Poeterey, the sonnet is defined by verse and rhyme scheme (elocutio), not by arguments (inventio) or the arrangement of arguments (dispositio); nevertheless, Sibylla Schwarz’s Petrarchan sonnets are also distinguished by their logico-rhetorical structuring. Transcending logical structuring, their subtle style is characterized by surprising relationships between disparate topoi and perceptive differentiations between aspects of a particular topos. The article analyses Sibylla Schwarz’s contribution to the poetic form of the sonnet, taking the two sonnets, “Die Lieb ist blind” and “Ist Lieb ein Feur”, as examples.
New taxa of Carpomyini, with special emphasis on Goniglossum (Diptera: Tephritidae: Trypetinae)
Authors: FREIDBERG AMNON
Published: July 2016

Goniglossum Rondani, hitherto a monobasic genus, is reinstated from synonymy under Carpomya Costa. A second species, Goniglossum liat n. sp., is described nearly two centuries after the description of the first species and 160 years after the description of Goniglossum. G. liat is described from Israel (also known from Turkey) and compared with G. wiedemanni (Meigen), an essentially European species, which is the type-species of Goniglossum and the only other known congener. The two species differ in details of the mesonotal and pleural color pattern (e.g., tip of scutellum with three small black spots in G. wiedemanni, whereas with one large spot in G. liat), structure of the male and female terminalia (e.g., the aculeus of G. wiedemanni is distinctly narrower apically than that of G. liat, and its tip has significantly fewer teeth), and host plant associations (Bryonia alba L. and B. dioica Jacq. are hosts of G. wiedemanni, whereas Bryonia cretica L. and B. syriaca Boiss. are hosts of G. liat). Myiopardalis Bezzi is also reinstated from synonymy under Carpomya. C. tica Norrbom, originally described in Carpomya, is transferred to Norrbomella, new genus, as its type and only included species.
Is social work really greening? Exploring the place of sustainability and environment in social work codes of ethics
Authors: Bowles Wendy , Boetto Heather , Jones Peter , McKinnon Jennifer
Published: July 2016

This article examines the extent to which issues of environmental sustainability are represented in three national social work codes of ethics – the United Kingdom, the United States and Australia. These national codes are discussed and implications for social work are analysed with a view to strengthening the profession’s position regarding environmental sustainability. Findings suggest that national codes do not include concern for environmental sustainability as a core professional concern. The authors make recommendations for developing ethical practice and further argue that the international professional body of social work, the International Federation of Social Workers (IFSW), should take a fundamental leadership role in advocating for environmental sustainability.
Judo Training and Aggression: Comment on Reynes and Lorant
Authors: Nosanchuk T. A. , Lamarre Brian W.
Published: July 2016

The Reynes and Lorant longitudinal study suggests evidence of an increase in aggression in 8-year-old male judo students after one year of traditional judo training. However, several methodological problems make these results difficult to interpret. Nonetheless, the authors make a valuable contribution to the area of the effects of traditional martial arts training and aggression.
Religious Affiliation and Open-Mindedness in Binocular Resolution
Authors: Sciuto Leonard A. Lo , Hartley Eugene L.
Published: July 2016

20 Ss, 10 Jewish and 10 Catholic, were exposed to a stereoscopic task and a test of open-mindedness. The stereoscopic task involved a series of 22 slides pairing Jewish and Catholic symbols, words and pictures, exposed under conditions of conflict thus calling for some form of binocular resolution by Ss. The test of open-mindedness was Rokeach's Dogmatism Scale, Form E. There was a statistically significant tendency to report seeing material related to one's own religion. This may be expressed in the form of a point biserial correlation coefficient of .95 ( p < .001). There was a significant correlation between open-mindedness and the tendency to report seeing material associated with the “other” religion ( r = .40, p < .025).
The Trail Making Test and Canter Background Interference Procedure in Screening for Organicity in Chronic Schizophrenia: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Nadler Irving M. , Ryan Timothy T.
Published: July 2016

For 10 male organic chronic schizophrenics scores on the Trail Making Test and Canter Background Interference Procedure were compared. These patients had severe hyponatremia, a condition that results in brain damage. The hit rate for correctly classifying the oranicity was 100% on the basis of sequence binding on Trail Making B and 50% on Canter's procedure. The findings suggested that the Trail Making Test may prove useful in discriminating organic from nonorganic schizophrenics. Implications for research were discussed.
Cryptocurrency and criminality
Authors: Brown Steven David
Published: July 2016

Bitcoin has become the currency of choice for cybercriminals. Its distinctive characteristics of decentralisation and pseudo-anonymity are also attractive to criminal actors in general, and yet Bitcoin has been assessed as representing only a low money laundering risk. In many respects, cryptocurrencies are still viewed as an unfamiliar, marginal phenomenon restricted to the purview of specialists. This article seeks: to demystify the Bitcoin concept; to demonstrate that, far from being low-risk, Bitcoin constitutes a substantial danger in terms of criminal enterprise; and to promote the case for greater awareness among criminal justice professionals and law enforcement officers in particular.
Predictors of Employment Following Postsecondary Education for Vocational Rehabilitation Participants With Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Tucker Mark S. , Degeneffe Charles Edmund
Published: July 2016

The purpose of this study was to identify vocational rehabilitation (VR) services associated with employment outcomes of individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) who received college training and increased their highest level of postsecondary education completed. The participants were 1,221 individuals with TBI who increased their highest level of postsecondary education while receiving VR services. A logistic regression model containing five demographic and six VR service variables correctly classified 75.4% of cases as competitively employed or not competitively employed. The model explained approximately 10.0% of the variance in competitive employment. Significant predictors associated with competitive employment were the demographic characteristics of ethnicity and age at application. VR service variables that were significant predictors of competitive employment were (a) vocational rehabilitation counseling and guidance, (b) job readiness training, (c) job placement assistance, and (d) personal assistance services. While demographic characteristics and VR services explained a relatively small proportion of the variance in employment outcomes, more robust measurements of the variables have the potential to enhance prediction of outcomes. Provision of job readiness training and personal assistance services should be investigated further to determine the extent to which they serve as indicators of the presence of additional barriers to competitive employment.
Methodological Credibility
Authors: Jacobson Miriam R. , Azzam Tarek
Published: July 2016

Background:

When evaluations are broadly disseminated, the public can use them to support a program or to advocate for change.

Methods:

To explore how evaluations are perceived and used by the public, individuals in a sample of 425 people in the United States were recruited through an online crowdsourcing service called Mechanical Turk ( www.mturk.com ). Participants were randomly assigned to receive different versions of a press release describing a summative evaluation of a program. Each condition contained a unique combination of methods (e.g., randomized controlled design) and findings (positive or negative) to describe the evaluation and its findings. Participants in each condition responded to questions about their trust in the content of the evaluation findings and their attitudes toward the program.

Results:

Results indicated that the type of evaluation methods and the direction of the findings both influenced the credibility of the findings and that the credibility of the findings moderated the relationship between the direction of the evaluation findings and attitudes toward the evaluated program. Additional evaluation factors to explore in future research with the public are recommended.
Resilient Settler Colonialism: “Responsible Resource Development,” “Flow-Through” Financing, and the Risk Management of Indigenous Sovereignty in Canada
Authors: Stanley Anna
Published: July 2016

This essay interrogates aspects of the recent reconfiguration of Canadian environmental resource governance in relation to Indigenous sovereignty, rights, and struggles for self-determination in the context of mining and mineral exploration. I am especially interested in the targeting of expressions of Indigenous sovereignty as threats to the “resilience” of the national economy and attempts to “manage” Indigenous sovereignty and rights through mechanisms of resource governance. I focus primarily on a set of changes made to “flow-through share” financing arrangements that allow mining firms to raise capital on the basis of tax credits for expenditures incurred in relation to engaging Indigenous rights in the mineral exploration process. I suggest that flow-through financing is a method for “risk managing” exposure to the threat of Indigenous sovereignty in the interests of mining capital and the state that produces effects of crown sovereignty. In closing, the essay considers relationships between the neoliberalization of Canadian environmental governance and settler colonialism.
Transition to democracy in Tunisia: Learning about citizenship in a national and transnational context
Authors: Nachi Mohamed
Published: July 2016

In this article devoted to the democratic transition in Tunisia, we will provide an opportunity to reflect once again on the process and dynamics entailed in learning about citizenship in a context of transition. We want to stress the different experiences and various moments or events that contributed to bringing about this ‘citizenship’ (mouwâtana).
Multi-criteria GIS-based siting of transfer station for municipal solid waste: The case of Kumasi Metropolitan Area, Ghana
Authors: Bosompem Christian , Stemn Eric , Fei-Baffoe Bernard
Published: July 2016

The increase in the quantity of municipal solid waste generated as a result of population growth in most urban areas has resulted in the difficulty of locating suitable land areas to be used as landfills. To curb this, waste transfer stations are used. The Kumasi Metropolitan Area, even though it has an engineered landfill, is faced with the problem of waste collection from the generation centres to the final disposal site. Thus in this study, multi-criteria decision analysis incorporated into a geographic information system was used to determine potential waste transfer station sites. The key result established 11 sites located within six different sub-metros. This result can be used by decision makers for site selection of the waste transfer stations after taking into account other relevant ecological and economic factors.
Empirical analysis of aircraft clusters in air traffic situation networks
Authors: Wang Hongyong , Xu Xiaohao , Zhao Yifei
Published: July 2016

The existing research on air traffic complexity ignores the effects of air traffic situation structure and, thus, cannot reflect the heterogeneous traffic density distribution in airspace. In this study, the structure of air traffic situation was characterized using the idea of community structure in complex networks. An aircraft cluster model was built, and an aircraft cluster discovery method based on depth-first traversal was proposed. The aircraft cluster division effect was comprehensively represented by cluster performance indices, including cohesion and stability. The routinely recorded radar data in two air traffic control sectors were collected to assess the cluster division results. Through statistics, the threshold intervals with 95% of best performance are 40–60 km and 20–50 km for the two sectors, respectively. The value 40 km was selected to further statistically characterize the aircraft clusters. Compared with K-means clustering, the proposed method does not require the predefined number of clusters and has high stability, which confirms its feasibility into cluster division in dynamic air traffic situation. The structural characteristics of aircraft clusters, including the average intra-cluster horizontal distance, number of clusters, and size and life cycle of clusters, were statistically analyzed. Comparison of cluster structures with the commonly used dynamic density index shows that in air traffic situation with relatively large number big size of clusters, the aircraft trajectory changes more frequently. Structural characterization of aircraft clusters is able to portray the nonuniformity of traffic density distribution, and contributes to comprehensive description of air traffic situation, thus providing a new prospect for analysis of air traffic complexity. Moreover, aircraft cluster division contributes to auto-identification of hot-spots on radar screen, and efficiently eliminates the workload imposed on controllers during judgment of these congestion hot-spots, thereby improving the air traffic operation efficiency.
Participants in trade union-staged demonstrations: a cross-country comparison
Authors: Andretta Massimiliano , Bosi Lorenzo , Porta Donatella della
Published: July 2016

Drawing both on social movement studies and labour studies, this article investigates the kind of people who join trade union-staged marches during the current crisis, looking at the presence of (politicized) grievances, collective identity and the embeddedness of mobilization. Data were taken from surveys conducted during 13 marches organized by the main trade unions in five European countries. They show that participants in union-staged demonstrations in countries in which a corporatist model dominates and trade unions have a tradition of business unionism (Belgium and the Netherlands) are characterized by higher political trust, more moderate positions on the left–right continuum and stronger organizational ties. On the other hand, in countries in which unions are less institutionally recognized and with a tradition of oppositional unionism (Italy and Spain), participants in union-staged demonstrations are more mistrustful of politics, located more to the left and rely more upon informal social networks to mobilize. The United Kingdom falls between these two poles.
Negotiated authority, shared creativity: Cooperation models among conductors and performers
Authors: Ravet Hyacinthe
Published: July 2016

Drawing on fieldwork – a set of observations carried out over several years in the presence of conductors and musicians during rehearsals, concerts, and recording sessions, and in-depth interviews with conductors such as Claudio Abbado, Laurence Equilbey, and Claire Gibault – this article seeks to answer, from a sociomusicological perspective, the following question: How is a musical interpretation constructed within a collective body made up of a conductor and musicians? The central hypothesis leading to observation of music-being-made is that it is a collective creative activity. This is what we shall discover in two stages: first, by examining how the authority of the conductor is negotiated in the course of such a collective effort; then, by setting forth various facets by which it is possible to comprehend a process of shared creativity. We shall then approach the role of relays in the orchestra, phenomena of self-regulation, spontaneous interventions of musicians, as well as the process of cooperation. At least, the observation shows how the conductor plays a crucial but not solitary role. This is indeed a collaborative sort of work in multiple dimensions, in which the participation and role of each player is incessantly renegotiated, and in which in fine the meaning given to the musical entity is knit together. Creativity abounds in the heart of initiatives borne by each of the participants and takes form in their synergy.
Creative layers and continuities: A case study of Nicole Lizée and the Kronos Quartet
Authors: Bayley Amanda , Lizée Nicole
Published: July 2016

This study examines the creative layers and continuities evident within the composition and rehearsal processes of Nicole Lizée’s Golden Age of the Radiophonic Workshop (Fibre-Optic Flowers), written for the Kronos Quartet in 2012. Lizée’s compositional approach to the historic and the new, and the mechanical and the human, are interpreted through Simon Emmerson’s three themes of combination, transformation, and control, and his three “impulses within composition” that combine live and acousmatic soundworlds – integration, antithesis, and co-existence. These concepts also help to articulate the way the players engage with the physical, psychological, and expressive demands of the piece. Discussions arising from the Kronos Quartet rehearsing the piece with the composer reveal how extensions are made to the performers’ mind and body experiences when they are required both to initiate and integrate sounds emanating from unfamiliar, analogue machines into their acoustic, yet amplified soundworld. Creative layers and continuities are seen to evolve from compositional experimentation and from composer–performer and co-performer dialogues in rehearsal in the BBC Maida Vale studio prior to the world premiere at a BBC Prom concert on 24 July 2012.
Going Beyond Administrative Data: Retrospective Evaluation of an Algorithm Using the Electronic Health Record to Help Identify Bleeding Events Among Hospitalized Medical Patients on Warfarin
Authors: Moriarty James P. , Daniels Paul R. , Manning Dennis M. , O’Meara John G. , Ou Narith N. , Berg Tamara M. , Haag Jordan D. , Roellinger Daniel L. , Naessens James M.
Published: July 2016

To reliably assess quality, a standardized electronic approach is needed to identify bleeding events. The study aims were the following: (1) clinically validate an electronic health record–based algorithm for bleeding and (2) assess interrater results to determine validity and reliability. Data were analyzed before and after implementation of a pharmacist-managed warfarin protocol. Bleeding was based on ≥2 of 3 criteria: (1) diagnosis indicating bleeding, (2) lab value decrease suggesting bleeding, and (3) blood product use. All suspected bleeds (234) and a sample (58) not meeting criteria were compared with clinical review. There were 234 bleeding cases identified electronically. Reviewer agreement was 78.2% (κ = 0.565). Algorithm sensitivity was 93.9% and positive predictive value 46.2%. Algorithm identification was least accurate for those with only 2 criteria but good for those with all criteria. This study supports using multiple electronic criteria to identify bleeding events. However, cases having exactly 2 criteria may require manual review for validation.
Automobile shape formation and simulation by a computer-aided systematic method
Authors: Hsiao Shih-Wen , Lin Hsin-Hung , Lo Chi-Hung , Ko Ya-Chuan
Published: July 2016

A systematic method which combines the shape curvature entropy and computational fluid dynamics analyses was proposed in this study for creating automobile shapes. Various automobile shapes were evaluated by the proposed method and the parameters including the curvature entropy and the drag coefficient of each configuration were calculated so as to determine the optimal shape design. First, shapes of commercially available car models were collected and their curvature entropy values were determined by the proposed equation. Meanwhile, the drag coefficient of each car model was determined by computational fluid dynamics simulation. Both values were compared and the results indicated a positive correlation between an automobile shape’s curvature entropy value and its drag coefficient. Therefore, the curvature entropy is proven to be a suitable indicator for estimating an automobile shape’s aerodynamic performance. For a new automobile shape design, the required number of numerical analyses can be reduced by utilizing the proposed curvature entropy calculation so that the time spent on designing an automobile shape can be greatly reduced.
Physician Assistant and Nurse Practitioner Malpractice Trends
Authors: Brock Douglas M. , Nicholson Jeffrey G. , Hooker Roderick S.
Published: July 2016

Trends in malpractice awards and adverse actions (e.g., revocation of provider license) following an act or omission constituting medical error or negligence were examined. The National Practitioner Data Bank was used to compare rates of malpractice reports and adverse actions for physicians, physician assistants (PAs), and nurse practitioners (NPs). During 2005 through 2014, there ranged from 11.2 to 19.0 malpractice payment reports per 1,000 physicians, 1.4 to 2.4 per 1,000 PAs, and 1.1 to 1.4 per 1,000 NPs. Physician median payments ranged from 1.3 to 2.3 times higher than PAs or NPs. Diagnosis-related malpractice allegations varied by provider type, with physicians having significantly fewer reports (31.9%) than PAs (52.8%) or NPs (40.6%) over the observation period. Trends in malpractice payment reports may reflect policy enactments to decrease liability.
Search and You Shall Find: Geographic Characteristics Associated With Google Searches During the Affordable Care Act’s First Enrollment Period
Authors: Gollust Sarah E. , Qin Xuanzi , Wilcock Andrew D. , Baum Laura M. , Barry Colleen L. , Niederdeppe Jeff , Fowler Erika Franklin , Karaca-Mandic Pinar
Published: July 2016

Previous studies indicate that Internet searching was a major source of information for the public during the launch of the Affordable Care Act, but little is known about geographic variation in searching. Our objective was to examine factors associated with health insurance–related Google searches in 199 U.S. metro areas during the first open enrollment period (October 2013 through March 2014), by merging data from Google Trends with metro-area-level and state-level characteristics. Our results indicate substantial geographic variation in the volumes of searching across the United States, and these patterns were related to local uninsurance rates. Specifically, areas with higher uninsurance rates were more likely to search in higher volumes for “Obamacare” and “health insurance,” after adjusting for sociodemographic, political, and insurance market characteristics. The enormous political, advocacy, and media attention to the Affordable Care Act’s launch may have contributed to heightened Internet search activity, particularly in areas characterized by higher uninsurance.
Freedom Constrained Liner for the Treatment and Prevention of Dislocation in Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Karvonen M. , Karvonen H. , Seppänen M. , Liukas A. , Koivisto M. , Mäkelä K. T.
Published: July 2016

Background and Purpose:

Dislocation is one of the most common complications following total hip arthroplasty. The aim of our study was to assess failure rate of the Biomet Freedom constrained liner (Biomet, Warsaw, IN, USA) either in revision surgery for recurrent dislocation, or as a preventive method in high dislocation risk patients.

Patients and Methods:

We assessed retrospectively 105 consecutive surgical procedures in 103 patients where a Freedom constrained liner or cup was used in Turku University Hospital over a 7-year period from 2007 to 2014. The mechanical failure rate of the device was assessed based on medical records. The average age of the patients was 73.4 years. The number of male patients was 53 (51%). Mean follow-up time was 2.5 years. The association between failure of the device and potential risk factors—age, gender, indication, and approach—was analyzed with logistic regression. Results were expressed by odd ratios and 95% confidence intervals.

Results:

The mechanical failure rate of the Freedom device was 6 out of 105 (5.7%). None of the 11 preventive primary THAs against dislocation failed, 4 out of 52 (7.7%) preventive revision THAs against dislocation failed, and 2 out of 42 (4.8%) of the treated dislocation cases failed. Four out of six failures were dislocations due to impingement and failure of the locking mechanism. Two liners failed because of loosening. The risk factors assessed were not associated with failure of the device.

Interpretation:

We found out that the mechanical failure rate of a Freedom constrained device was low. These results encourage us to continue using the device.
Analyzing and communicating action research data: Practical approaches to conveying the quality and texture of experience
Authors: Reitz Megan
Published: July 2016

This paper presents an approach to analyzing action research data which navigates a key challenge; how to convey both the texture and the quality of experience in order to develop theory and practice, where the texture describes individual themes and issues and the quality describes the holistic, rich, felt experience. The examples used in this paper are drawn from a co-operative inquiry group which was exploring the quality of encounter between leader and follower. The aim of this project was to contribute to relational leadership theory and practice through deepening our understanding of moment-by-moment experience in the ‘space-between’ leader and follower. In order to facilitate this, two specific methods called five-column analysis and key moment analysis were developed. They are recommended in this paper as practical approaches to address the desire to both develop theory explicitly through identification of themes whilst doing justice to the richness of experience.
The Founding of the Academy of Human Resource Development
Authors: Pace R. Wayne
Published: July 2016

The Problem. The Academy of Human Resource Development (AHRD) evolved out of a perception that a practitioner-focused professional association (American Society for Training and Development [ASTD]) was not accommodating the interests of many members of the academic community, especially during annual meetings. Although a Professor’s Network existed, in the context of a meeting of working professionals, the network was too restricted in the kinds of scholarly presentations that could be made. The Solution. Ultimately, most of the academicians who were members of ASTD coalesced into a determined group dedicated to fashioning an independent society and creating a successful scholarly association. The Stakeholders. Members of AHRD—whether practitioners or scholars—will find it instructive to learn the behind the scenes story of the evolution of a professional association. For all who might imagine embarking on a similar process of invention, the connections between a personal life trajectory of the founder and the needs of a profession provide a study in perseverance and vision.
Physical Health Consequences of Interpersonal Trauma: A Systematic Review of the Role of Psychological Variables
Authors: López-Martínez Alicia E. , Serrano-Ibáñez Elena R. , Ruiz-Párraga Gema T. , Gómez-Pérez Lydia , Ramírez-Maestre Carmen , Esteve Rosa
Published: July 2016

Interpersonal forms of trauma are among the most commonly reported traumas. These types of traumas are more damaging to well-being than noninterpersonal forms. They have also been strongly associated with somatic symptoms and more general physical health problems. Nevertheless, the results of trauma studies are mixed and suggest that pathways may vary according to the stressors, mediators, and health outcomes investigated. This article presents a systematic qualitative review of published studies that have investigated interpersonal trauma, its association with physical health, and the potential role of intervening psychological variables. A systematic search was made of four psychology and health electronic databases. Of the 863 studies reviewed, 50 were preselected, 11 of which met the inclusion and methodological quality criteria. All but one study had a cross-sectional design. The findings showed that childhood trauma exposure was the most common category of interpersonal trauma addressed in the reviewed studies and that the physical health variables investigated were diverse. The psychological variables most frequently investigated in the studies were posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, dissociation, and substance abuse. Overall, the results suggest that interpersonal trauma exposure is associated with poorer physical health; however, the role of intervening psychological variables remains unclear. The limitations of the reviewed literature are discussed, and methodological recommendations are made for future research.
The Partial Power Control Algorithm of Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks Based on Outage Probability Minimization
Authors: Li Yun , Su Yishan , Jin Zhigang , Chakravarty Sumit
Published: July 2016

The high outage probability of an underwater wireless sensor may lead to high energy consumption. How to reduce the outage probability should be considered for underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs), where battery change is very difficult. Power control, which is one of the technologies to effectively reduce the outage probability, has also been developed for UASNs. However, when using the power control method with the maximum power to transmit packets, the slow fading of the signal in UASNs leads to serious accumulative interference in the receiver, which in turn leads to an even higher outage probability. Another challenge in UASNs is the complex acoustic channel condition with time-space-frequency variation and uncertain TL, which make it difficult to obtain the channel status information (CSI). To address these issues, a novel partial power control (PPC) algorithm based on outage probability minimization in UASNs is proposed. The proposed algorithm captures transmission loss (TL) using the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method and estimates CSI in the next moment using AR prediction. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce the accumulative interference to the receiver and then reduce the outage probability by 19.3% at the maximum.
Robust tracking of bicycle crank angles using magneto-inertial sensors, domain constraints and functional frame alignment techniques
Authors: Cockcroft John , Muller Jacobus , Scheffer Cornie
Published: July 2016

The crank angle is an important outcome in biomechanical analyses of cycling. Wireless inertial and magnetic measurement systems are unobtrusive and have the potential to measure crank angles more advantageously than ergometers, encoders or cameras. However, magnetic field disturbances and large centripetal accelerations during pedaling introduce tracking errors. The aim of this study was to validate two magnetometer-free sensor-to-body frame alignment methods for tracking the bicycle crank angle using wireless inertial and magnetic measurement systems. A passive complementary filter is presented for tracking the crank angle using an inertial and magnetic measurement system mounted on the bicycle frame and another on the crank arm. Sensor-to-body frame alignment is performed for both inertial and magnetic measurement systems using functional calibration techniques that do not require magnetometer measurements. The filter also performs dynamic tracking of the crank arm inertial and magnetic measurement system without magnetometer data by exploiting domain constraints and compensating for centripetal accelerations. The filter was validated at a slow, medium and fast pedaling cadence using stereophotogrammetry. The filter produced absolute errors of 1.3° ± 0.9° or less in all three tests. In contrast, large and variable absolute errors (11.6° ± 7.6°, 14.2° ± 10.7° and 14.0° ± 10.2°, respectively) were found with a standard passive complementary filter using a traditional static pose calibration that relies on magnetometer data. The proposed filter operated with low and consistent errors despite the presence of magnetic interferences, whereas traditional magnetometer-based approaches produced unacceptable results. This study contributes toward the ultimate goal of outdoor cycling analysis using inertial and magnetic measurement system technology by accomplishing magnetometer-free frame alignment and centripetal acceleration compensation when tracking crank angles.
Needleless connectors: the vascular access catheter’s microbial gatekeeper
Authors: Curran Evonne
Published: July 2016

Needleless connectors (NCs) are essential devices which connect to the end of vascular catheters and enable catheter access for infusion and aspiration. There are various different designs which make it difficult for purchasers to identify the features which present the least risk and greatest safety. The NC is the microbial gatekeeper for vascular catheters; how it is disinfected pre access determines if, and how many, organisms enter and how quickly biofilm will form. This paper will consider these design variations and how differences in antiseptic testing methods have made it difficult to determine the best antiseptic practice pre access. One specific design characteristic is considered: the fluid pathway. The NC’s fluid pathway creates a flow which can be either direct to produce a laminar flow or indirect which creates a turbulent flow. At present, the evidence does not support there being an advantage for a specific fluid pathway design in reducing infection risks.
Keynes resurrected? Saving civilization, again and again
Authors: Mann Geoff
Published: July 2016

The resurrection of Keynes and Keynesianism in the wake of the recent financial crisis is widely assumed to index the similarities between the present conjuncture and the Great Depression. But Keynesian reason—an analytical approach to the contradictions at the core of liberal capitalist civil society—is much older and has animated ‘progressive’ liberal and Left thought since Hegel reflected on the consequences of the French Revolution. What drives this persistent knee-jerk Keynesianism, and why has it become so central to progressive and Left politics in capitalist societies? This article argues that the key to understanding both Keynes and the persistent appeal of Keynesianism lies in a widely shared, and increasingly unshakeable, fear of disorder, populist reaction, and distrust of mass politics, sentiments shared by both liberals and ‘progressives’. In these conditions, what appears to be at risk is not so much the current order as order itself, and the capacity to imagine a political trajectory outside the bounds of existing structures is so constrained as to make those very structures seem like the only means of escape. The constant renewal of Keynesianism, by radicals and liberals, is today built in to both liberal and Left thinking, a product of two centuries of political thought in the face of existential threats to the very notion of ‘civilization’.
Kinematics of Shooting in High School and Collegiate Lacrosse Players With and Without Low Back Pain
Authors: Wasser Joseph G. , Chen Cong , Vincent Heather K.
Published: July 2016

Background:

Low back pain (LBP) and motion alterations can occur in athletes who engage in high-speed throwing motions. The relationship between LBP and shooting motion in lacrosse players is not yet known.

Purpose:

To quantify the effects of LBP on key kinematic parameters of the lacrosse shot and determine the contribution of the severity of LBP on specific kinematic parameters of the shooting motion.

Study Design:

Controlled laboratory study.

Methods:

High school and collegiate players (N = 24) were stratified into 2 groups based on back pain symptoms (LBP or no pain). Three-dimensional motion capture of overhead throws was used to collect data on knee, pelvis, trunk, and shoulder kinematics as well as crosse stick (the stick capped with a strung net) and ball speed.

Results:

Mean low back numeric pain rating scale (NRSpain) score was 2.9. Knee flexion at ball release was greater in the LBP than no pain group, indicating a more bent knee ( P = .04). The LBP group demonstrated less angular velocity transfer from pelvis to trunk than the no pain group ( P = .05). Total range of motion of the pelvis and shoulders during the shot and follow-through were less in the LBP group than the no pain group (83.6° ± 24.5° vs 75.9° ± 24.5°, P = .05). Age- and sex-adjusted regression analyses revealed that the low back NRSpain rating contributed 6.3% to 25.0% of the variance to the models of shoulder transverse rotation range of motion, trunk and shoulder rotation angular velocities, and knee flexion angle ( P < .05).

Conclusion:

LBP severity significantly contributes to trunk and shoulder motion restriction during lacrosse shooting. Inclusion of lumbopelvic and core training and prehabilitation programs for high school and collegiate players may reduce pain in affected players as well as help them to attain appropriate motion parameters and avoid secondary musculoskeletal injuries.

Clinical Relevance:

This research identified a prehabilitation need in the understudied lacrosse population. Therapeutic strategies can be developed to strengthen the throwing motion, which could control mechanical loading patterns on the low back and minimize pain symptoms in players with chronic LBP.
Comparing Training Methods for a New Interactive Whiteboard
Authors: Sitthidah Brenda , St-Maurice Justin
Published: July 2016

The successful implementation of health information systems can be affected by various barriers ranging from technological, human, and organizational. Training is one of the most cited factors for successful implementation. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of various training methods. The first two levels Kirkpatrick’s Four-Level Training Evaluation model were utilized to evaluate the training approaches for four groups: No training (control), training through an instructional booklet, training through a video tutorial and super-user training. Following training, participants answered a questionnaire about their impressions of the training and were asked to complete an exercise with an interactive whiteboard. The questionnaire suggested that users preferred super-user training. Based on the results of the exercise, there was a statistically significant difference between training methods in terms of the number of correctly answer questions. Super-user and video training were significantly better compared to the control group. There were no statistically significant differences in the amount of time it took to complete the exercise. Based on these results, super-user training is recommended.
A Method for Developing Data Quality Measures and Metrics for Primary Health Care
Authors: St-Maurice Justin , Burns Catherine M.
Published: July 2016

The secondary use of primary care data has many potential applications. By using data from a local primary care organization, a method for developing data quality measures and metrics in primary care is presented as a case study. The method that was created included an exploratory meeting with a subject matter expert, the creation of a first draft of measures with the information management team, the discussion of the proposed measures with a focus group and a final data quality report encompassing all the collected feedback. The method was used to create rules and formulae to measures timeliness, completeness, accuracy and usefulness in the primary care ecosystem. Future work will involve completing a detailed quantitative analysis of the data quality measures calculated with the proposed metrics. In the future these measures can be broken down and compared on a monthly, professional and users basis to provide insight into the behavior and nuance of data quality in primary care.
Toward Objective Measures of Team Dynamics During Healthcare Simulation Training
Authors: Stevens Ronald , Galloway Trysha , Gorman Jamie , Willemsen-Dunlap Ann , Halpin Don
Published: July 2016

Three-person teams of fourth-year medical students or experienced operating room practitioners performed simulations around the construct of ventilation. Team member communications together with EEG-derived brainwaves were collected and classified each second and the changing neurodynamic as well as communication organizations of the team were modeled. The fluctuating neurodynamic organizations were obtained from symbolic representations of the EEG power levels of team members while changes in communication were determined by Latent Semantic analysis – derived measures of communication content.

The neurodynamic organizations of the teams at the 10 Hz (alpha) and 39 Hz (gamma) EEG frequencies fluctuated with task demands. The frequency, magnitudes, and durations of these fluctuations differed between novice and expert teams, and these changes in the team’s neurodynamic organizations were paralleled by dynamic changes in communication and improvements in TeamSTEPPS® ratings. Neurodynamic and communication measures of team organization may therefore be valuable tools for understanding and assessing the short term dynamics of teams during simulation training, complementing and extending observational evaluations of teams.
Multi-disciplinary handover
Authors: Momtahan Kathy , Hudson Jordan , Chan James W. T. , Huang Allen , Lampron Jacinthe , Kwok Edmund , Guilbeault Peggy , Day Kathleen , Burns Catherine
Published: July 2016

Up to now, handover studies have typically involved one health care professional group or a single hospital department. Using distributed cognition and cognitive work analysis as frameworks, this ethnographic study is intended to identify the common and unique elements of handover of care in three different hospital departments (Internal Medicine, General Surgery, and Emergency Medicine), with all professional groups that conduct handover. In addition, feedback will be sought from patients and their families on the content of handovers as well as the handover process.
Advancing Patient Safety through the Creation of a Mobile Usability Lab
Authors: Miller K. , Kowalski R. , Coffey-Zern S. , Ebbert G. , Learish J. , Arnold R.
Published: July 2016

The demand for usability testing is becoming increasingly important as healthcare moves toward a commitment to zero patient harm and higher value of care provided. Usability testing and simulation, techniques used in user-centered interaction design to evaluate healthcare systems, promote safe, high-quality care for patients. We propose the concept of a “Mobile Usability Lab”, a novel way to conduct usability testing system-wide. The Mobile Usability Lab describes a unique opportunity to step away from the standard state-of-the-art usability lab and take a creative approach to usability testing. To demonstrate the utility of this concept, we present a case study detailing a hospital-wide comparative device evaluation of new defibrillators. We recommend that research and clinical teams explore the concept of a mobile usability lab to evaluate products in the clinical environment. This work can reduce preventable harm through the optimization of health care delivery.