bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bibliometric Properties of Placebo Literature From the JIPS Database: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Weimer Katja , Buschhart Cliff , Broelz Ellen K. , Enck Paul , Horing Björn
Published: March 2022

Objectives

First dedicated articles about placebo effects have been published in the 1940s, and more than 5,000 articles have been published in scientific organs since. However, the evolution of this research field has rarely been examined. By means of bibliometric analyses we aim to generate research metrics such as the number and types of publications as well as topics, authorship networks, impacts, and future directions.

Methods

Bibliometric methods were applied to the Journal of Interdisciplinary Placebo Studies (JIPS) database. It comprises around 5,000 scientific articles dedicated to researching placebo effects and mechanisms and is expanded continually through individual curation, making it a prime candidate for investigation. Web scraping was used to obtain complete article information from PubMed and Web of Science. The same information was obtained for addiction research as reference field. Analyses include a general characterization of the database as well as focus points concerning publication types (data vs. non-data articles), high-impact publications and more.

Results

Analyses show that the JIPS database is a comprehensive collection of placebo publications. The development of the field is comparable to that of the comparator field and scientific publication in general. The most frequently used keywords describe populations or study design topics; the most frequent symptoms were pain, depression and anxiety. Data and non-data (e.g., review) papers are related in proportion of about 6:4 in recent decades, indicating a stable degree of productivity. A network of 26 interconnected researchers was identified who published 25 or more articles. Placebo research contributes comparable numbers of publications to high-impact journals as the comparator field. Several additional analyses are performed, with a focus on visualization of various database parameters.

Conclusions

Bibliometric analyses of the JIPS database can be used to answer questions to the field, for example, to get an impression of blind spots and future directions. However, keywords used in indexing and publications themselves are often general and suggest that placebo research may still be considered a subspecialty of superordinate fields, particularly since there are no journals dedicated to placebo research itself. We invite interested colleagues to use this database for further analyses.
The Effect of Reading Leaflets During the Observation Period After Vaccination on Knowledge of COVID-19 and Vaccines Among Chinese Small Town Residents: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Yu Si-Yi , Luo Jun-Jun , Shan Ke-Shu , Xu Lei , Ding Ling , Chen Xue-Qin
Published: March 2022

Background

Public health education is essential for epidemic prevention and control in the post-COVID-19 era. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) aims to evaluate the effect of reading leaflets during the observation period after vaccination on knowledge of COVID-19 disease and vaccines in Chinese small town residents and to provide suggestions for public health education.

Methods

Residents were recruited during the observation period after getting vaccinated against COVID-19 in Xidian and were randomly divided into an education group and a control group. The education group was asked to complete the questionnaire after reading a leaflet, whereas the control group directly completed the questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised two sections on COVID-19 knowledge and vaccine knowledge, and the scores were used to assess the resident's knowledge.

Results

A total of 142 participants in the education group and 154 participants in the control group were enrolled. The rates of correct knowledge in the education group and the control group were 90.7 and 83.1%, respectively. The scores of the two sections and the aggregate knowledge score of the education group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.001). The rates of correct responses to questions on clinical manifestations and transmission routes of COVID-19 and indications and contraindications of vaccines significantly increased after reading the leaflets (P < 0.05). Knowledge of different groups of genders, ages, marital statuses, education levels and occupations all improved (P < 0.05), and the 18–29-year-old and never-married group revealed a higher growth rate of correct responses.

Conclusion

Chinese small town residents have a median level of knowledge regarding COVID-19 disease and vaccines. Reading leaflets during the observation period after vaccination effectively improved their knowledge. This low-cost and efficient health education approach can be widely applied.
Content, Structure, and Delivery Characteristics of Yoga Interventions for Managing Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Nalbant Gamze , Hassanein Zeinab M. , Lewis Sarah , Chattopadhyay Kaushik
Published: March 2022

Objectives

This systematic review aimed to synthesize the content, structure, and delivery characteristics of effective yoga interventions used for managing hypertension and to compare these characteristics with ineffective interventions.

Design and Method

The JBI and the PRISMA guidelines were followed in this systematic review. RCTs conducted among hypertensive adults were included. RCTs reporting at least one of the major components of yoga (i.e., asana, pranayama, and dhyana and relaxation practices) and comparing them with no intervention or any intervention were eligible. Sixteen databases were searched for published and unpublished studies without any date and language restrictions till March 15, 2021.

Results

The literature search yielded 13,130 records. 34 RCTs (evaluating 38 yoga interventions) met the inclusion criteria. Overall, included studies had low methodological quality mostly due to inadequate reporting. Yoga reduced SBP and DBP compared to a control intervention (MD −6.49 and −2.78; 95CI% −8.94– −4.04 and −4.11– −1.45, respectively). Eighteen, 14 and 20 interventions were effective in improving SBP, DBP, or either, respectively. 13 out of 20 effective interventions incorporated all the 3 major components of yoga and allocated similar durations to each component whereas ineffective interventions were more focused on the asana and duration of asana practice was longer. The most common duration and frequency of effective interventions were 45 min/session (in 5 interventions), 7 days/week (in 5 interventions), and 12 weeks (in 11 interventions) whereas the most common session frequency was 2 days a week (in 7 interventions) in ineffective interventions. Effective interventions were mostly center-based (in 15 interventions) and supervised (in 16 interventions) and this was similar with ineffective interventions.

Conclusion

Despite the low quality and heterogeneity of included studies, our findings suggest yoga interventions may effectively manage hypertension. The differences between the effective and ineffective interventions suggest that effective yoga interventions mostly incorporated asana, pranayama, and dhyana and relaxation practices and they had a balance between these three components and included regular practice. They were mostly delivered in a center and under supervision. Future studies should consider developing and evaluating an intervention for managing hypertension using the synthesized findings of the effective interventions in this review.

Systematic Review Registration

[PROSPERO], identifier [CRD42019139404].
Phase Attention Model for Prediction of Early Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Multi-Phase CT Images and Clinical Data
Authors: Wang Weibin , Wang Fang , Chen Qingqing , Ouyang Shuyi , Iwamoto Yutaro , Han Xianhua , Lin Lanfen , Hu Hongjie , Tong Ruofeng , Chen Yen-Wei
Published: March 2022

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary liver cancer that produces a high mortality rate. It is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, especially in Asia, Africa, and southern Europe. Although surgical resection is an effective treatment, patients with HCC are at risk of recurrence after surgery. Preoperative early recurrence prediction for patients with liver cancer can help physicians develop treatment plans and will enable physicians to guide patients in postoperative follow-up. However, the conventional clinical data based methods ignore the imaging information of patients. Certain studies have used radiomic models for early recurrence prediction in HCC patients with good results, and the medical images of patients have been shown to be effective in predicting the recurrence of HCC. In recent years, deep learning models have demonstrated the potential to outperform the radiomics-based models. In this paper, we propose a prediction model based on deep learning that contains intra-phase attention and inter-phase attention. Intra-phase attention focuses on important information of different channels and space in the same phase, whereas inter-phase attention focuses on important information between different phases. We also propose a fusion model to combine the image features with clinical data. Our experiment results prove that our fusion model has superior performance over the models that use clinical data only or the CT image only. Our model achieved a prediction accuracy of 81.2%, and the area under the curve was 0.869.
Mandibular Bone Resorption Following Chin Augmentation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Yeung Andy Wai Kan , Wong Natalie Sui Miu
Published: March 2022

Background

Chin implants have a long history, and its usage may be associated with mandibular bone resorption.

Objectives

This report analyzed data on this topic from existing literature to evaluate the overall resorption rate and scientific impact in terms of citations.

Method

PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases were searched to identify relevant publications. The search string was as follows: (chin) AND (augment* OR implant*) AND (resorb* OR resorp*) AND (bone OR osseous). A study was eligible if it recruited human subjects and reported resorption following any chin implantation based on radiographic examination.

Results

Twenty-eight patient studies were identified. Publication year seemed to have no effect on the mean depth of bone resorption and its prevalence as reported by the studies. The increased mean number of follow-up years seemed to have no effect on its prevalence but seem to be associated with deeper bone resorption. The majority of the studies had <5 years of follow-up and reported a mean of <2 mm of bone resorption. The most cited study had 69 citations. Citations rarely came from radiology journals. A limitation was that unpublished data could not be analyzed.

Conclusions

Mandibular bone resorption caused by chin implants of various materials is a common phenomenon. Its recognition and studies with a longer follow-up period should be further promoted.
New Diabetic Medication Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors Can Induce Euglycemic Ketoacidosis and Mimic Surgical Diseases: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Kietaibl Antonia-Therese , Fasching Peter , Glaser Karl , Petter-Puchner Alexander H.
Published: March 2022

Background

Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (EDKA) is a potentially life-threatening condition and a reported side effect of antidiabetic sodium-glucose-cotransporter-2-inhibitors (SGLT2-I). The analysis of the herein presented case and its management formed the incentive to prepare this multidisciplinary work and includes an overview about perioperative SGLT2-I-induced ketoacidosis.

Method

A PubMed search on relevant entries was conducted combining the terms “euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis” AND “surgery.”

Results

A total of 33 articles on SGLT2-I-induced ketoacidosis in the context of surgical treatment were identified. According to this literature research risk factors for the development are infection, perioperative fasting, surgical stress, and insulin dose reduction.

Conclusion

Unspecific symptoms mimicking acute abdomen and normoglycemia can lead to delayed diagnosis of EDKA and might harm patients under SGLT2-I therapy in the perioperative setting. SGLT2-I medication should be withheld for at least 24–48 h prior to surgery according to this review of literature and restarted only in stable clinical conditions to avoid the severe complication of EDKA.
Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Tumor Removal and Percutaneous Stabilization for Extradural Tumors: Technical Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Kim Seung-kook , Bendardaf Riyad , Ali Murtaza , Kim Hyun-a , Heo Eun-jung , Lee Su-chan
Published: March 2022

Background:

Extradural spinal tumors arise from soft or bony tissues in the spine and account for majority of spinal tumors. Interest in the unilateral biportal endoscopic (UBE) technique is rising, because it can easily decompress the bony spinal canal and accommodate all open surgical instruments under endoscopic guidance. However, reports of this technique have been limited to certain diseases. This study first demonstrates the UBE technique for extradural tumor biopsy and removal, and percutaneous stabilization in a 72-year-old female patient with dramatic symptom improvement.

Methods

We used the UBE technique for decompression and the percutaneous screw fixation technique for stabilization in a patient with an extradural mass compressing the thecal sac and destroying the posterior element. Under endoscopic guidance, a unilateral approach was used, and decompression and flavectomy were performed bilaterally. After decompression, tumor removal and biopsy were performed using various forceps and biopsy needles. After confirming sufficient spinal canal decompression, the screw was placed percutaneously. We evaluated the technical process of the procedure, the patient's pre- and postoperative pain (using the visual analog scale), and operative radiology and pathologic results.

Results

Postoperative pain and disability improved clinically, and spinal alignment stabilized radiologically. As the pathology findings confirmed an aneurysmal bone cyst, the treatment was completed without adjuvant therapy.

Conclusions

We treated an unstable spine due to an extradural tumor with the UBE and percutaneous screw techniques.
Rumen Microbiome and Metabolome of High and Low Residual Feed Intake Angus Heifers
Authors: Liu Yue , Wu Hao , Chen Wanbao , Liu Chang , Meng Qingxiang , Zhou Zhenming
Published: March 2022

Feed cost is the greatest expense during cattle production; therefore, reducing it is critical to increasing producer profits. In ruminants, the microbial population is important to nutrient digestion and absorption in the rumen. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationships among rumen bacteria, rumen metabolites, and the residual feed intake (RFI) phenotype of beef cattle. Twelve Angus heifers were selected to be sampled and divided into high RFI (HRFI; n = 6) group and low RFI (LRFI; n = 6) group according to their RFI classification determined during the feedlot-finishing period. After the ruminal liquid samples were collected at slaughter, Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the 16S rRNA V3-V4 region and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) were performed to determine their bacterial composition and metabolites, respectively. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria was higher in the LRFI group than in the HRFI group (P < 0.01). At the family level, the relative abundances of Rikenellaceae (P < 0.01), Ruminococcaceae, Bacteroidales_S24-7_group, and Lachnospiraceae (P < 0.05) were significantly higher in the LRFI group. At the genus level, the relative abundances of Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group and Ruminiclostridium_1 were higher in the LRFI group (P < 0.01), as were the relative abundances of norank_f__Bacteroidales_S24-7_group, Lachnospiraceae_ND3007_group, and Lachnospiraceae_NK3A20_group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the genera Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group, Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-010, Lachnospiraceae_ND3007_group, Ruminiclostridium_1, and Lachnospiraceae_NK3A20_group were negatively associated with the RFI; both foundational and key species are associated with feed efficiency phenotype. In addition, rumen metabolomics analysis revealed that the RFI was associated with significantly altered concentrations of rumen metabolites involved in protein digestion and absorption, Linoleic acid metabolism, Lysine degradation, and Fatty acid degradation. Correlation analysis revealed the potential relationships between the significantly differential ruminal metabolites and the genera ruminal bacteria. The present study provides a better understanding of rumen bacteria and metabolites of beef cattle with different RFI phenotypes and the relationships among them, which are potentially important for the improvement of beef cattle feed efficiency.
Pharmacodynamic Parameters of Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) Integration Models
Authors: Zhang Longfei , Xie Hongbing , Wang Yongqiang , Wang Hongjuan , Hu Jianhe , Zhang Gaiping
Published: March 2022

Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) integration models are used to investigate the antimicrobial activity characteristics of drugs targeting pathogenic bacteria through comprehensive analysis of the interactions between PK and PD parameters. PK/PD models have been widely applied in the development of new drugs, optimization of the dosage regimen, and prevention and treatment of drug-resistant bacteria. In PK/PD analysis, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) is the most commonly applied PD parameter. However, accurately determining MIC is challenging and this can influence the therapeutic effect. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize PD indices to generate more rational results. Researchers have attempted to optimize PD parameters using mutant prevention concentration (MPC)-based PK/PD models, multiple PD parameter-based PK/PD models, kill rate-based PK/PD models, and others. In this review, we discuss progress on PD parameters for PK/PD models to provide a valuable reference for drug development, determining the dosage regimen, and preventing drug-resistant mutations.
PROGRAMA DE ASSISTÊNCIA ESTUDANTIL E OS DESAFIOS PARA A PERMANÊNCIA NO ENSINO SUPERIOR
Authors: Câmara Kathiurcia Montovanelli Cazotti , Nunes Isabel Matos
Published: March 2022

Analisa o contexto da prática da implementação do Programa de Assistência Estudantil da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (Proaes-Ufes), no Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito Santo, tendo como universo pesquisado todos os alunos ativos e inativos do campus, compreendendo o período de 2006 a 2020. O constructo objetivou verificar a percepção dos discentes beneficiários do Proaes-Ufes quanto ao papel exercido pelo programa para a sua permanência na universidade e conclusão do curso superior e identificar quais são as principais dificuldades para a permanência na universidade e conclusão do curso superior, na percepção dos discentes. Ampara-se teoricamente na abordagem do ciclo de políticas, formulada por Stephen Ball, sociólogo inglês, e colaboradores e suas contribuições para as políticas educacionais. Os instrumentos utilizados para a coleta de dados foram dois questionários online - um para alunos ativos e outro para alunos inativos, tendo sido observadas as questões éticas da pesquisa, com aprovação no Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa/CEUNES/UFES. Quanto às dificuldades para a permanência na universidade e conclusão do curso superior, os alunos ativos e inativos, identificaram que são: a dificuldade financeira, a dificuldade de deslocamento moradia x instituição e a dificuldade emocional. Dentre os respondentes da pesquisa, a grande maioria afirmou que o fato de ser aluno beneficiário do programa contribui para um melhor desempenho acadêmico, e que se não fossem beneficiários, não estariam mais cursando o curso superior, o que demonstra que a existência da política de assistência estudantil é de fundamental importância para a Universidade.
Advance care planning in primary care for patients with gastrointestinal cancer: feasibility randomised trial
Authors: Canny Anne , Mason Bruce , Stephen Jacqueline , Hopkins Samantha , Wall Lucy , Christie Alan , Skipworth Richard JE , Bowden Joanna , Graham Louise , Kendall Marilyn , Weir Christopher J , Boyd Kirsty
Published: March 2022

Background

Advance (anticipatory) care planning (ACP) requires discussions between patients and healthcare professionals about planning for future deterioration in health. ACP improves care coordination but uptake is limited and often deferred.

Aim

To assess the feasibility and acceptability to patients, carers, and GPs of a primary care ACP intervention for people with incurable oesophageal, gastric, or pancreatic cancer.

Design and setting

A 12-month feasibility randomised controlled trial (RCT) in a Scottish Cancer Network.

Method

Patients aged ≥18 years starting palliative oncology treatment were randomised 1:1 to an ACP intervention or standard care. Patients in the intervention group received an oncologist letter supporting them to request a GP review along with a patient information leaflet about ACP. Pre-specified analyses with masking included trial recruitment and retention, ACP completion, and quality-of-life questionnaires (EuroQol EQ-5D-5L and ICECAP Supportive Care Measure) at baseline, 6, 12, 24, and 48 weeks. Qualitative interviews with purposive sampling explored patient, carer, and GP experiences.

Results

Of 99 eligible participants (269 screened), 46% were recruited (n = 46) and randomised; 25 to intervention and 21 to control. By 12 weeks, 45% (n = 9/20) of the individuals in the intervention and 59% (n = 10/17) in the control group had a documented ACP plan. By 24 weeks, 30% (n = 14) had died; in the remaining participants quality of life was maintained at 24 weeks except for physical symptoms. Social norms associating ACP with dying were prevalent among 23 participants interviewed. No psychological or clinical harms were identified.

Conclusion

An RCT of ACP for people with incurable cancer in primary care is feasible. Patient, carer, and GP attitudes and behaviours determined acceptability and timing of care planning.
The Clinical Utility of the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Discriminatory Test among Bacterial, Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, and Nontuberculous Mycobacterium Peritoneal Dialysis–Related Peritonitis
Authors: Fung Winston Wing-Shing , Chow Kai-Ming , Ng Jack Kit-Chung , Chan Gordon Chun-Kau , Li Philip Kam-Tao , Szeto Cheuk-Chun
Published: March 2022

Key Points

Distinguishing Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) and nontuberculous Mycobacterium (NTM) from bacterial peritonitis early is often challenging.

Delay in diagnosis and treatment of TB/NTM peritonitis often leads to significant morbidity and mortality.

The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is readily calculable, which allows early prompting of TB/NTM peritonitis.

Background

Distinguishing Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) and nontuberculous Mycobacterium (NTM) from bacterial peritoneal dialysis (PD)–related peritonitis (peritonitis) is often very challenging and can lead to a significant delay in diagnosis and treatment. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is readily calculable and has been shown to be useful in differentiating pulmonary TB from bacterial pneumonia. We are the first group to demonstrate the predictive efficacy of peritoneal dialysate (PDE) NLR in distinguishing TB/NTM peritonitis from bacterial causes in the PD population.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and laboratory characteristics of all patients with TB/NTM peritonitis, methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) peritonitis, and culture-negative peritonitis in our tertiary center between July 2000 and July 2020. The diagnostic ability of the blood and PDE NLR for differential diagnosis was evaluated.

Results

In total, 258 episodes, 38 episodes, and 27 episodes were caused by MSSA, TB, and NTM species, respectively; 364 episodes were culture negative. The PDE NLR level taken at presentation were lowest in the TB peritonitis, followed by the NTM, culture-negative, and MSSA groups, (9.44±13.01, 16.99±23.96, 36.63±32.33, 48.51±36.01; P<0.001, respectively). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the NLR taken at presentation was 0.83 (95% confidence interval, 0.77 to 0.89; P<0.001). A PDE NLR <15 was an optimal cut-off value with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive values of 81%, 70%, 97%, and 22%, respectively.

Conclusions

The PDE NLR obtained at presentation is a useful and easily accessible marker to discriminate TB/NTM peritonitis from bacterial peritonitis, especially in areas with intermediate TB/NTM burden. The NLR may enable early prompting of TB/NTM peritonitis, allowing specific investigation and treatment to be instigated earlier.
Somatotype of Iranian Soccer Premier League Players
Authors: Mevaloo Shahram Faradjzadeh , Mevaloo Arash Faradjzadeh , Mirali Mohsen
Published: March 2022

Aim: The aim of the present study was to examine the somatotype of elite soccer players based on positions. A total of 232 elite male soccer players (24.14±5.15) participated in this study. Methods. All anthropometric measurements (10 variables) were performed by a criterion anthropometrists according to the standards of the International Society for Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK). Heath-Carter Somatotyping method was used to calculate endomorphy, mesomorphy and ectomorphy components. Results. The mean body mass and height were 76.29 ± 7.96 kg and 180.42 ± 6.82 cm, while the mean somatotype values were 1.89 ± 0.60 - 4.91 ± 0.80 - 2.65 ± 0.77. Somatotype, height and body mass of the goalkeepers showed a significant difference with the other positions. Conclusion. The findings of this study provide a valuable reference data to support soccer talent identification programs and development of more specific preparatory strategies for soccer.
Adiposidad y riesgo cardio-metabólico en escolares
Authors: De León Lidia G , Ortiz-Rodríguez Briseidy , Flores Luis A
Published: March 2022

El exceso de grasa corporal en niñas y niños también es un factor de riesgo modificable que se asocia al desarrollo de enfermedades no transmisibles desde etapas tempranas de la vida. Objetivo. Examinar la relación del porcentaje de grasa por las ecuaciones de Slaughter, la circunferencia de cintura abdominal y el índice cintura/estatura para estimar el grado de riesgo cardio-metabólico de escolares entre 6 y 12 años respecto a su nivel de adiposidad. Metodología. En una muestra de 147 niñas y 156 niños en edades entre los 6 y 12 años, se determinó la correlación de las ecuaciones de Slaughter que utilizan los pliegues de tríceps y pierna medial (GS1) y de tríceps y subescapular (GS2) con la circunferencia de cintura abdominal (CC) y con el índice cintura/estatura (ICE); se identificó la concordancia entre ambas ecuaciones de Slaughter por Bland&Altman (Giavarina, 2015); se analizó la capacidad diagnóstica de las ecuaciones de Slaughter para identificar el riesgo cardio-metabólico (RC-M) por curvas de ROC. Resultados. Se encontraron correlaciones más altas de GS1 y GS2 con CC que con ICE en niñas y niños, pero todas significativas (p<0.001). GS1 y GS2 mostraron buena concordancia, aunque GS1 estimó valores más altos de porcentaje de grasa con una media de las diferencias de 0.5715 (95% IC). La sensibilidad y especificidad para detectar RC-M fueron más altas en GS1 (90.6% y 90.4%, respectivamente) que en GS2. Conclusiones. GS1 puede discriminar la presencia de RC-M en escolares a un menor porcentaje de grasa corporal.
Pain Syndrome in the Postoperative Period with the Surgical Treatment of an Oropharingeal Obstruction in the Patients with an Obstructive Apnea Syndrome in the Sleeр
Authors: Макарина-Кибак Л.Э.
Published: March 2022

Одной из составляющих, характеризующих течение послеоперационного периода, является болевой синдром. В статье представлен обзор литературных данных о механизмах развития боли при хирургическом лечении обструкции верхних дыхательных путей на орофарингеальном уровне. Эффективному купированию болевого синдрома в послеоперационном периоде при операциях в орофарингеальной области посвящено значительное количество работ, но вопрос является нерешенным. Отсутствуют единые подходы к лечению и профилактике его возникновения, необходимо выполнение дальнейших исследований в этом направлении.

One of the components characterizing the course of the postoperative period is the pain. The article presents a review of а literature data on the mechanisms of the pain development in the surgical treatment of an upper respiratory tract obstruction at the oropharyngeal level. A significant amount of the work has been devoted to the effective relief of the pain in the postoperative period during the operations in the oropharyngeal area, but the issue is not resolved. There are no uniform approaches to the treatment and prevention of its occurrence; further studies in this direction are necessary.
The Evaluation of the Eustachian Tube in Patients with Chronic Exudative Otitis Media on the Computerized Tomography
Authors: Гребень Н.И. , Алехно О.В. , Бурчук Н.Ю. , Бибик Р.И.
Published: March 2022

Выполнен ретроспективный анализ 60 компьютерных томограмм пациентов с диагнозом«хронический экссудативный средний отит» (ХЭСО), проходивших лечение в амбулаторно-поликлиническом отделении РНПЦ оториноларингологии с января 2016 г. по июнь 2019 г. Всего 78 ушей с ХЭСО (18 пациентов с двусторонним ХЭСО и 42 пациента с односторонним ХЭСО). Также в исследование включены 32 компьютерные томограммы пациентов с нормальными ушами (64 уха), выполнивших КТ по другому поводу. Произведена оценка угла «плоскость Рейда – СТ», туботимпанального угла, диаметра претимпанальной части СТ. Толщина среза на КТ-изображении составляла до 1 мм (мультипланарная КТ). Измерения выполнялись двумя врачами и повторены через 2 недели. В результате проведенных измерений у пациентов с ХЭСО на КТ-изображении выявлено в сравнении со здоровыми ушами достоверное уменьшение угла «плоскость Рейда – СТ» (25,53±1,16° к 27,45±1,56°, р<0,01) и диаметра претимпанальной части евстахиевой трубы (5,15±0,56 мм к 6,34±0,47 мм, р<0,01); увеличение туботимпанального угла (147,35±3,25° к 141,57±3,48° в контрольной группе, р<0,01). Таким образом, данные анатомические особенности расположения слуховой трубы могут увеличивать вероятность развития ХЭСО либо способствовать его рецидивированию.

A retrospective analysis of 60 computed tomograms of patients with a diagnosis of “chronic exudative otitis media” who were treated in the outpatient department of the Republican Clinical Center of Otorhinolaryngology since January 2016 until June 2019. In total 78 ears with chronic exudative otitis media (18 patients with bilateral chronic exudative otitis media and 42 patients with unilateral chronic exudative otitis media). The study also included 32 computed tomograms of patients with normal ears (64 ears) who performed CT for another reason. The angle“Reid-ET plane”,the tubotympanal angle, and the diameter of the pretympanal part of the ET are estimated. The slice thickness in the CT image was up to 1 mm (multiplanar CT). Measurements were performed by two doctors and repeated after 2 weeks. As a result of measurements in patients with chronic exudative otitis media on the CT image, a significant decrease in the angle of the “Reid-ET plane”was revealed in comparison with healthy ears (25.53±1.16° to 27.45±1.56°, p<0.01) and the diameter of the pretympanal part of the Eustachian tube (5.15±0.56 mm to 6.34±0.47 mm, p<0.01); increase in the tubotympanal angle of 147.35±3.25° to 141.57±3.48° in the control group, p<0.01). Thus, these anatomical features of the location of the auditory tube can increase the likelihood of developing chronic exudative otitis media or contribute to its recurrence.
Obesity: Current Treatment Options in Adults
Authors: Дыдышко Ю.В. , Шепелькевич А.П.
Published: March 2022

В статье представлены сведения о распространенности ожирения и избыточной массы тела в различных странах мира с учетом половой принадлежности. Проанализированы современные возможности коррекции избыточной массы тела и при наличии сопутствующей патологии. Описаны подходы немедикаментозной терапии, основанной на модификации образа жизни с формированием привычек рационального питания и расширением адекватной физической активности. Отмечены критерии эффективности и неэффективности терапии. Приведены рекомендации по ведению дневника питания. Проанализированы особенности назначения лекарственных средств, зарегистрированных для лечения ожирения, перечислены противопоказания и вероятные побочные действия. Представлены данные о влиянии гормонов на массу тела с указанием возможных патогенетических механизмов. Описаны типы бариатрических операций, используемые для хирургического лечения ожирения. Указаны рекомендации Российской ассоциации эндокринологов по наблюдению пациентов после радикального лечения.

The article provides information on the prevalence of obesity and overweight in various countries of the world, taking into account gender. The modern possibilities of correction of overweight and obesity are analyzed taking into account concomitant pathologies. The approaches of non- drug therapy based on lifestyle modification with the formation of rational eating habits and the expansion of adequate physical activity are described. The criteria for the effectiveness and ineffectiveness of therapy are noted. Recommendations for maintaining a food diary are given. The features of prescribing drugs registered for the treatment of obesity are analyzed, taking into account contraindications and possible side effects. Data are presented on the effect of hormones on body weight indicating possible pathogenetic mechanisms. The types of bariatric surgery used for the surgical treatment of obesity are described. The recommendations of the Russian Association of Endocrinologists on the observation of patients after radical treatment are indicated.
Acute Complications of Diabetes with COVID-19
Authors: Романовский А.А. , Ярошевич Н.А. , Лущик М.Л. , Радюк Д.В. , Бурко И.И. , Данилова Л.И.
Published: March 2022

В условиях пандемии коронавируса пациенты с сахарным диабетом входят в группу риска по неблагоприятным исходам COVID-19. Это может быть связано как с наличием хронических осложнений диабета, так и с развитием гипергликемических ком, которые утяжеляют течение инфекции. В настоящее время многие больницы полностью перепрофилированы для лечения исключительно пациентов с COVID-19, где пациентов с сахарным диабетом зачастую лечат не эндокринологи, а врачи других специальностей. Лечение диабетических ком является сложной задачей и в обычных условиях, а ведение пациентов с диабетом и COVID-19 имеет ряд особенностей. Например, при тяжелом течении пневмонии в условиях стационара некоторые пероральные глюкозоснижающие средства необходимо отменять и назначать инсулинотерапию. В связи с этим врачам смежных специальностей необходимо знать не только о последствиях COVID-19 для пациентов с диабетом, но и о принципах лечения острых осложнений сахарного диабета. На амбулаторном этапе основой профилактики диабетических ком является самоконтроль гликемии и своевременная коррекция глюкозоснижающей терапии. При этом улучшение компенсации диабета будет усиливать иммунитет пациента и являться важным фактором, снижающим риск инфицирования вирусом SARS-CoV-2.

In a coronavirus pandemic, patients with diabetes are at risk for adverse outcomes of COVID-19. This may be due to the presence of chronic complications of diabetes, as well as the development of hyperglycemic coma, which aggravate the course of the infection. Currently, many hospitals are completely redesigned to treat exclusively COVID-19, in which patients with diabetes are often treated not by endocrinologists, but by doctors of other specialties. Treatment of diabetic comas is also a difficult task under normal conditions, and the management of patients with diabetes and COVID-19 has a number of features. For example, in severe pneumonia in a hospital setting, some oral glucose-lowering drugs must be canceled and insulin therapy prescribed. In this regard, doctors of related specialties need to know not only about the consequences of COVID-19 for patients with diabetes, but also about the principles of treating acute complications of diabetes. At the outpatient stage, the basis for the prevention of diabetic coma is self-monitoring of glycemia and timely correction of glucose-lowering therapy. At the same time, an improvement in diabetescompensation will enhance the patient’s immunity and be an important factor reducing the risk of infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Pengaruh Kondisi Tanah Terhadap Kerusakan Dengan Menggunakan Metode Road Condition Index (RCI) Pada Ruas Jalan Pronoyudo Kecamatan Junrejo-Kota Batu
Authors: Sadillah Muhammad , Arifianto Andy Kristafi , Amaral Deojinda A. M.
Published: March 2022

Subgrade with poor strength and stability would cause the pavement to deform and crack easily. Different locations have different subgrade conditions. Different soil characteristics in different locations call for different treatment or stabilization measures. Poor subgrade strength is observed in Pronoyudo Street in Junrejo Sub-District, Batu City. This is evidenced by the cracked and chipped asphalt surface. The method used to determine the type and level of road damage in the study was Road Condition Index (RCI), while subgrade strength or CBR (California Bearing Ratio) was determined using DCP. In addition, sieve analysis was also performed for foundation material as well as testing water content and subgrade plasticity. Observations were made along 1,000 m (1 km) which was divided into 200 sq m. The analysis results showed a mean Road Condition Index (RCI) of 6.96% and the mean CBR value using the DCP tool was 2.48% (< 5%) with a DDT value of 3.39. A routine or periodic maintenance program is deemed to be the right management method for Pronoyudo Street in Junrejo Sub-District in Batu City. Therefore, overall, the program that has been carried out for road maintenance is in accordance with the results of research analysis and Public Works Ministerial Decree No. 13/PRT/M/2011.
RENDIMIENTO Y CALIDAD DE FRUTO DE CULTIVARES DE PIÑA EN DENSIDADES DE PLANTACIÓN
Authors: Rebolledo-Martínez Andrés , Del Ángel-Pérez Ana Lid , Rebolledo-Martínez Laureano , Becerril-Román A. Enrique , Uriza-Ávila Daniel
Published: March 2022

Ante el advenimiento de nuevos cultivares de piña y dado que en México sólo se tiene definida la tecnología para el manejo agronómico del cultivar ‘Cayena Lisa’, el objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar el rendimiento y la calidad de frutos de tres cultivares de piña en tres densidades de plantación en el trópico subhúmedo. El trabajo se estableció con un diseño experimental de parcelas divididas en bloques completos al azar con cuatro repeticiones, con tres densidades de plantación (30 000, 45 000 y 60 000 plantas/ha) y tres cultivares (‘Champaka’, ‘Oro’ y ‘Cayena Lisa’). Se midió el peso de fruto y su relación con área foliar, número de frutos individuales y rendimiento; sólidos solubles totales y acidez titulable en tres tercios del fruto; longitud del pedúnculo, densidad, peso de corona de frutos, diámetro en los tres tercios, la relación entre diámetro superior e inferior y forma de fruto. En 30 000 plantas/ha, ‘Cayena Lisa’ superó en peso de fruto y rendimiento a ‘Champaka’ y ‘Oro’ (10 y 35 % respectivamente); mientras que en 45 000 y 60 000 plantas/ha, ‘Champaka’ fue similar a ‘Cayena Lisa’. En 30 000 plantas/ha los frutos fueron 8.5 y 16 % más grandes que a 45 000 y 60 000 plantas/ ha. Con la densidad de 60 000 plantas/ha se logró un rendimiento superior a 100 t ha-1 en todos los cultivares. Los frutos de ‘Champaka’ y ‘Oro’ tuvieron más sólidos solubles que ‘Cayena Lisa’ y en acidez hubo diferencias entre cultivares. ‘Oro’ no presentó frutos cónicos, y ‘Cayena Lisa’ tuvo más frutos cónicos que ‘Champaka’ en 30 000 plantas/ha. ´Champaka’ es la mejor opción para mercado nacional en 30 000 plantas/ha y para exportación en fresco en 60 000 plantas/ha; en tanto que ‘Oro’ tiene la calidad más alta de fruto y potencial para ambos mercados.
EFECTOS BIOQUÍMICOS POSTCOSECHA DE LA IRRADIACIÓN UV-C EN FRUTAS Y HORTALIZAS
Authors: Rivera-Pastrana Dulce M. , Gardea-Béjar Alfonso A. , Martínez-Téllez Miguel A. , Rivera-Domínguez Marisela , González-Aguilar Gustavo A.
Published: March 2022

El efecto germicida de la irradiación UV-C se ha empleado diferentes alimentos como un método de desinfección superficial a temperatura ambiente que no deja residuos en el producto, por lo que se considera una buena alternativa para la conservación de alimentos. Su utilización a dosis bajas ha tenido éxito en la desinfecciónde frutas y hortalizas. Algunos efectos benéficos atribuidos a la irradiación UV-C son: inducción de mecanismos de defensa (síntesis de fitoalexinas), los cuales se relacionan positivamente con la resistencia a diferentes patógenos y con la reducción de desórdenes fisiológicos que ocurren durante el almacenamiento en frío; capacidad de mejorar las propiedades nutracéuticas, debido al incremento en los niveles de compuestos bioactivos con capacidad antioxidante; e inactivación de enzimas relacionadas con los procesos de maduración y senescencia. Por su bajo costo y fácil aplicación, la irradiación UV-C es una buena alternativa para la conservación de frutas y hortalizas. En esta revisión se describen los efectos benéficos de la aplicación de irradiación UV-C en frutas y hortalizas, en reducir desórdenes fisiológicos durante el almacenamiento en frío y en las propiedades nutricionales del producto fresco.
ÁREAS CON APTITUD PARA ESTABLECER PLANTACIONES DE MAGUEY CENIZO: DEFINICIÓN MEDIANTE ANÁLISIS MULTICRITERIO Y SIG
Authors: Olivas-Gallegos Uriel Esaú , Valdez-Lazalde J. René , Aldrete Arnulfo , González-Guillén Manuel de J. , Vera-Castillo Gil
Published: March 2022

La evaluación del grado de aptitud de los terrenos permite identificar su capacidad inherente para apoyar el uso más apropiado. Este estudio usó el proceso de análisis jerarquizado (PAJ) en un entorno de sistemas de información geográfica (SIG) para definir áreas con aptitud para establecer Agave durangensis Gentry en tres municipiosdel Estado de Durango, México. Se utilizó información cartográfica de clima, suelo y topografía, además de la opinión de cuatro expertos plantadores forestales para evaluar el grado de aptitud de la tierra. Los resultados indican que existen aproximadamente 50 736 ha con aptitud alta, de las cuales 22 427 ha se encuentran en el municipio Nombre de Dios, 16 480 ha en el municipio Durango y 11 829 ha en Suchil. Se detectaron 53 138 ha de aptitud media y 148 912 ha de aptitud baja distribuidas en la región de estudio. La implementación de la técnica PAJ en un ambiente espacial mostró ser útil para incorporar el conocimiento de plantadores expertos en el proceso de toma de decisiones, para la localización espacial y para la cuantificación de superficies con diferente grado de aptitud para el establecimiento de plantaciones de Agave durangensis Gentry.
ШЛЯХИ УСУНЕННЯ ДІАГНОСТИЧНИХ ПОМИЛОК У ВИМІРЮВАННІ ГЛИБИНИ ПРИСІНКА РОТА
Authors: Махлинець Н.П. , Ожоган З.Р. , Пюрик В.П.
Published: March 2022

Мета дослідження. Підвищення ефективності діагностики мілкого присінка рота та порушень архітектоніки присінка рота. Методи дослідження. Обстежено 30 осіб віком 12–15 років із наявними зубощелеповими аномаліями, яких було розділено на дві групи, рандомізовані за віком та статтю. У І групі хворих (15 осіб) глибину присінка рота оцінювали за способом, запропонованим Т.В. Закировим (2005 рік). У ІІ групі (15 хворих) глибину присінка рота визначали запропонованим нами способом. Наукова новизна. У розробленому нами способі вимірювання глибини присінка рота ми усунули низку важливих моментів, які спростили вимірювання глибини присінка рота для лікаря, що забезпечило візуалізацію прикріпленої частини ясен, тобто справжньої глибини присінка рота, та зменшило кількість діагностичних помилок за гіпертрофічного гінгівіту, що є важливим саме для цієї вікової категорії пацієнтів. Висновки. Визначення глибини присінка рота й аномалій його архітектоніки є важливим моментом в огляді пацієнта. Нами розроблений спосіб вимірювання присінка рота, який візуалізує прикріплені ясна та спрощує огляд цієї анатомічної структури лікарем. У разі використання запропонованого нами способу вимірювання присінка рота запобігаємо багатьом діагностичним помилкам. Результати повторно проведеного дослідження розробленим нами методом у І групі хворих достовірно відрізнялися від показників, отриманих способом вимірювання глибини присінка рота, запропонованим Т.В. Закировим (p ≤ 0,05). У 90,0% обстежених пацієнтів (27 осіб) діагностовано порушення архітектоніки присінка рота (аномальне прикріплення вуздечки верхньої і/або нижньої губи, наявність сполучнотканинних тяжів у проєкції ікол та премолярів), у 46,7% обстежених (12 осіб) виявлено мілкий присінок рота (менше ніж 5 міліметрів).
Ebeveynlerin Çocuk Oyun Alanlarına İlişkin Memnuniyetlerinin Araştırılması: Düzce Kenti Örneği
Authors: UZUN Serir
Published: March 2022

Çocuk oyun alanları, kentlerde çocukların oyun ihtiyaçlarını karşıladıkları ve boş zamanlarını değerlendirdikleri açık alanlardır. Çocukların gelişiminde önemli bir role sahip olan çocuk oyun alanlarının, çocukların ve onlara eşlik eden ebeveynlerinin ihtiyaçlarının göz önünde bulundurularak planlanması ve tasarlanması çocukların gelişimini olumlu yönde desteklemektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Düzce kent merkezindeki çocuk oyun alanlarına ilişkin ebeveynlerin görüşleri, alandan memnuniyetlerinin ve memnuniyetlerinin arttırılmasına yönelik isteklerinin belirlenmesidir. Bu amaçla kent merkezinde bulunan 14 mahalledeki çocuk oyun alanında, 2019 yılı Mayıs-Eylül ayları arasında 420 ebeveynle yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle anket çalışması yürütülmüştür. Çalışmanın sonucunda ebeveynlerin, çocuk oyun alanlarının kullanımlarını, bitkilendirmesini ve güvenliğini yeterli bulmadığı; yine onlara göre çocukların özgürce oynayamadığı ve bu alanların mevcut genel durumundan memnun olmadıkları belirlenmiştir. Ebeveynlerdeki kadınlar, alanda yaşça büyük çocukların baskın olduğunu ve oyun aletlerinin kazaya açık olduğunu belirtirken; erkekler, çocuk oyun alanlarını güvenli bulmadıklarını belirtmişlerdir. Alanlarda uyarı ve bilgilendirme levhalarının, yeterli donatı elemanlarının, geniş çim alanların, bitkisel elemanların ve engelliler için ekipmanların eksik olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ebeveynler, çocuk oyun alanlarında çiçekli bitkilerin ve büyük ağaçların; oyun aletlerinde doğal malzemelerin; zemin türünde ise kauçuk ve çimin kullanılması gerektiğini belirtmişlerdir.