bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Charles Darwin and lady hope — the legend still alive
Authors: Malec Grzegorz
Published: October 2022

The theme of the present paper is the story of Darwin’s conversion as spread by Elizabeth Hope. Her article was published in August 1915. She wrote under the pseudonym “Lady Hope”, and her paper was titled “Darwin and Christianity”. Elizabeth Hope claimed that she visited Charles Darwin in autumn 1881, a couple of months before his death. Darwin during her visit was supposedly bedfast and reading Hebrews. During their conversation Darwin allegedly asked her to speak about Jesus Christ and sing some hymns in his summer house. I claim that (1) strong arguments exist that Lady Hope’s story is only the fruit of her imagination, and (2) all her adherents can only have hope that Darwin, renouncing his theory, returned to Christianity. Finally, I show some unpublished opinions of modern scholars which indicate that Darwin’s conversion never took place, and he never rejected his theory of evolution by natural selection.
Probabilistic approach to epistemic modals in the framework of dynamic semantics
Authors: Kostic Milana
Published: October 2022

In dynamic semantics meaning of a statement is not equated with its truth conditions but with its context change potential. It has also been claimed that dynamic framework can automatically account for certain paradoxes that involve epistemic modals, such as the following one: it seems odd and incoherent to claim: (1) “It is raining and it might not rain”, whereas claiming (2) “It might not rain and it is raining” does not seem equally odd (Yalcin, 2007). Nevertheless, it seems that it cannot capture the fact that statement (2) seems odd as well, even though not as odd as the statement (1) (Gauker, 2007). I will argue that certain probabilistic extensions to the dynamic model can account for this subtlety of our linguistic intuitions and represent if not an improved than at least an alternative framework for capturing the way contexts are updated and beliefs revised with uncertain information.
How much do we learn about hallucinations from thought-experiments?
Authors: Szelegieniec Joanna Helena
Published: October 2022

The idea that our sensory experience cannot serve as a ground for knowledge lingers on within philosophical thinking from its very beginning. Since even the ancient sceptics argued against the possibility of knowledge based on sense perception due to its potentially illusory or hallucinatory character, it seems reasonable to address the issue of hallucination itself.

The purpose of this paper is to discuss upon the philosophical account of hallucination present in current debates. I will mainly work on the so-called ‘argument from hallucination’ which provides a prevalent objection both against the direct realism theory of perception, and externalist theories of content of experience. My primary intention will be to single out the ontological claims concerning hallucinatory experience that constitute the core of the argument from hallucination. Moreover, the legitimacy of philosophical theses concerning hallucination will be discussed both by means of philosophical analysis, and in the light of chosen empirical findings.
“Habitus” or the possibility of science of the contingent
Authors: Gensler Marek
Published: October 2022

Most of sciences can be traced back to Aristotle. This is because in opposition to Plato he was able to find a way in which one could give a scientific form to reflection concerning contingent facts of every-day life. Knowledge of the contingent was made possible thanks to the Aristotelian concepts of category and state (habitus). It is the latter concept that was especially important for forming knowledge about change. Aristotle and his medieval followers apply it in analyses of various processes, from local motion to changes in temperaments, to formation of virtues.
APPLICATION OF BLOCKCHAIN AND SMART-CONTRACT ON WAQF ASSET MANAGEMENT: IS IT NECESSARY?
Authors: Setiawan Agus , Nurzaman Mohamad Soleh
Published: October 2022

Waqf assets are assets that can be utilized for the benefit of the people. Currently, there are many waqf asset management using internet-based Waqf Information Systems. However, the database used by the system is generally centralized, so it is prone to data manipulation. Each waqf entity has its data, causing data differences between waqf entities. This study aims to provide the concept of waqf asset management using Blockchain technology and Smart Contracts. The method is a qualitative analysis method with secondary data from various kinds of literature, study journals, and reports published by the government and related agencies. This study concludes that the concept of waqf asset management based on Blockchain technology and Smart contracts can facilitate the management of waqf assets, both movable and immovable assets. In addition, it can increase data transparency between nadzhir, wakif, and waqf regulators and minimize data manipulation. The role of regulators such as the Ministry of Religion, BWI, and BI is needed to create regulations that support the implementation of waqf management based on Blockchain technology and Smart Contract.
THE EFFECT OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AS A BUFFER
Authors: Musdalifa Musdalifa , Mukhzarudfa Mukhzarudfa , Kusumastuti Ratih
Published: October 2022

This study aims to demonstrate the role of CSR in moderating the influence of corporate governance on financial performance. Furthermore, the researchers compared the corporate governance of Islamic banks in Indonesia and Malaysia. Data analysis used Moderate Regression Analysis and independent t-test analysis. The research data is the financial statements of each Islamic bank in Indonesia and Malaysia from 201 to 2020. This study shows that CSR cannot moderate the financial performance of Indonesian and Malaysian Islamic companies. Another result states that there is no difference in the implementation of corporate governance in Indonesian and Malaysian Islamic banks. CSR is becoming an important aspect of the business community. But does not support the company's financial performance. Nevertheless, this remains a common concern because of the importance of natural sustainability and a balanced economy.
ARE ISLAMIC BANKS STILL SOUND AMIDST PANDEMIC?
Authors: Canggih Clarashinta , Nurafini Fira , Suryaningsih Sri Abidah , Fikriyah Khusnul , Indrarini Rachma , Susilowati Fitriah Dwi
Published: October 2022

The paper aims to check whether Islamic banks in Indonesia remain sound amid the Covid-19 Pandemic by comparing the soundness levels of Islamic commercial banks before and during the Covid-19 Pandemic. This research used a quantitative approach with the non-parametric Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test to compare bank soundness before and during the Covid-19 Pandemic. The bank's resilience was measured using the Risk-Based Bank Rating (RBBR), e.g., Non-Performing Finance (NPF), Finance to Deposit Ratio (FDR), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), and Net Operating Margin (NOM). The study exempted aspects of Good Corporate Governance since it is qualitative. The study used quarterly data in 2018-2019 (before the pandemic) and 2020-2021 (during the pandemic). The results showed a significant difference between CAR before and during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Meanwhile, NPF, FDR, ROA, and NOM showed no significant differences before and during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the Covid-19 Pandemic generally does not affect the Islamic banks' soundness level, except for capital. It showed that the Islamic Bank proved to be resilient against crises. The study adds literature on the resilience of Islamic banks, particularly during the Covid-19 Pandemic, and validates the RBBR measurement to analyze the bank's soundness. In addition, the results of this study are also expected to be a consideration for policymakers to design the right policies for optimizing Islamic banks to thrive and support post-pandemic recovery.
Prevalence and Specific Manifestations of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Association in a Moroccan Population: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Assarrar Imane , Messaoudi Najoua , Ongoth Farel Elilie Mawa , Abdellaoui Wahiba , Malki Abdessamad , Rouf Siham , Abda Naima , Ismaili Zahi , Latrech Hanane
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVE: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is recognized as a common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Its association with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is known to increase the risk of degenerative complications of diabetes and the likelihood of developing
severe hepatic injuries. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of NAFLD and to describe the characteristics of its association with T2DM. METHODS: This was a descriptive analytical study, involving patients with T2DM with no history of alcohol consumption, viral
hepatitis, hepatotoxic medications, or other chronic liver diseases. The patients underwent an investigation of NAFLD including abdominal ultrasound, non-invasive biomarkers of liver fibrosis, elastography and ultrasound-guided liver biopsy. RESULTS: We collected data from 180 patients
with a mean age of 59.3 ± 10.9 years with strong female predominance. The mean duration of diabetes progression was 9.2 ± 7.3 years. Hepatic sonography showed signs of NAFLD in 45.6% of cases. Non-invasive hepatic biomarkers indicated significant fibrosis in 18.3% of cases. Overall,
21% of patients underwent an elastography evaluation, revealing severe fibrosis or cirrhosis in 15.4% of patients. The diagnosis of NASH (Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis) was confirmed histologically in 3 patients. The overall prevalence of NAFLD was 45.6%. Patients with NAFLD had a statistically
significant incidence of obesity, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, dyslipidemia, macrovascular complications, and hypertriglyceridemia (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The combination of NAFLD and T2DM is often found in patients with obesity or metabolic syndrome. The presence of NAFLD
can be responsible for increased morbidity and important cardiovascular risks in patients with T2DM.
The Effect of Integrated Maths Lessons with Children’s Literature on Problem Solving Attitudes and Self-Efficacy
Authors: YALÇIN Meltem , AKKAYA Recai , DURMAZ Burcu
Published: October 2022

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of mathematics courses integrated with children’s literature on the problem-solving skills and strategies, the attitudes towards mathematical problem solving, the mathematical connection self-efficacy and mathematical self-efficacy levels of 8th grade students. The quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest control group was used. The research was conducted with 30 students. The data were obtained by using the Attitude Scale towards Mathematical Problem-Solving, the Problem-Solving Skills and Strategies Questionnaire, the Mathematical Self-Efficacy Scale and the Mathematical Connection Self-Efficacy Scale. Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov Smirnov, Shapiro Wilk, related samples t-test, Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test, independent samples t-test and Mann Whitney U tests. No statistically significant difference was found between the pretest and posttest scores of the experiment and control groups. However, it was observed that there was a positive change in the scores of the experiment group in the "Assessment of the Problem Solving" sub-topic of the problem-solving skills and strategies questionnaire. This finding can contribute to the evaluation of the solution of the problem, which has an important role in the problem-solving stages. Finally, the current findings differ slightly from the literature that argues that children’s literature integration has many contributions. Some suggestions for further studies and implications have been made according to the results.
MÂZİNİN EŞİĞİNDE BİR KAYIP ESTETİĞİ
Authors: GÜLLÜK Derya
Published: October 2022

Bir İmparatorluğun çöküşünün arifesinde, çocukluk ve ilk gençlik yıllarını tecrübe eden Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar (1901-1962) bu çöküşle birlikte tezahür eden; yitip gitmiş, kaybolmuş ve bir daha asla ele geçirilemeyecek olana duyulan arzuyu bir “kayıp” estetiğine dönüştürerek; geçmişi, bugünde yeniden yaratma imkânı yakalamıştır. Tanpınar’ın eserlerinde geleneğin izlerini, maziye duyulan özlemi ve “kayıp” hissini; geçmişi bugünü ve geleceği bir “süreklilik” telakkisi etrafında tahkim etmesinde ve kendi estetiğini kurarken kayıp olana verdiği kıymetle –geçmişi bugüne taşımasında- bugünü mamur kılmasında görmek kabildir. Yahudi kökenli bir Alman olan Benjamin'le Tanpınar arasında benzer kaygılar, ortak izlekler daha da çarpıcı olanı ''ikili'' ruh yapıları dolayısıyla pek çok ortak yön, bu iki ismi bir arada ele almamıza imkân tanımaktadır. Tanpınar ve Benjamin birbirlerini bilmeseler de aynı kaynaklardan beslenmiş; her ikisi de Proust, Baudelaire, Bergson ve Freud'dan esinlenmiştir. İkisi de Dostoyevski'yi okumuş ve her iki isim için de Valery önemlidir. Garp'la Şark arasında bir terkip kurmaya çalışan Tanpınar'la, Yahudi mistisizmiyle tarihsel maddeciliği oluşturmaya çalışan Benjamin'in sanata bakışlarında da birbirine yaklaşan bakış açıları dikkatlerden kaçmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Tanpınar'ın bir “kayıp” olarak gördüğü mâziyi, kendi estetiğini kurmada ele alışı ve sanatındaki mâzi izdüşümleri irdelenerek, Walter Benjamin'in ''Son Bakışta Aşk'' kavramıyla beraber okunmaya çalışılacaktır.
MU’ÎNÜ’L-MÜRÎD’DE DİNȊ TERİMLER
Authors: SANAÇ ÖZÇAM Çimen , DENİZ Sunay
Published: October 2022

Mu’inü’l-mürîd Harezm, Türkçesiyle yazılmış önemli eserlerden biridir. İslam adlı biri tarafından 1313 yılında kaleme alınmıştır. Dinî – tasavvufî konuları öğretmek amacıyla dörtlükler halinde yazılmış manzum bir eserdir. Eser temel bazı dini bilgileri vermek düşüncesiyle sade ve yalın bir dille yazılmıştır. Eserde dinî açıdan imanın önemi, namaz, oruç, hac, zekât gibi temel bazı ibadetler hakkında bilgi verilir. Dinî bir eser olduğu için eserde dinî terimler çokça yer alır. Bu çalışmada Mu’inü’l-mürid’de yer alan dinî terimler tespit edilmiş ve bu terimler çeşitli yönleriyle incelenmiştir. Terimler, kökenlerine ve yapılarına göre değerlendirilmiş ve terimlerin sayısal oranları belirlenmiştir. İslamiyetin Türkler arasında yaygın olarak benimsendiği ilk zamanlarda dinî terimler için daha çok Türkçe karşılıklar kullanılmış olmasına rağmen zamanla bunların yerine genellikle Arapça terimlerin tercih edildiği anlaşılmaktadır. Bir kısım terimlerin hem Türkçe kökenli ve hem de Arapça kökenli karşılıklarının bir arada kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Eserde toplam 293 dinî terim bulunmaktadır. Bu terimlerden 32 tanesi Türkçe kökenlidir ve tek kelimeden meydana gelmiştir. Tek kelimeden oluşan bu terimler yüzde 12.5’ini oluşturur. Birden fazla kelimenin bir araya gelerek oluşturduğu terimlerin sayısı ise 35’tir. Kelime grupları şeklinde oluşan bu terimler 293 terimin yüzde 12’sini kapsar. Eserde kullanılan tek kelimeden oluşan dinî terimlerin yüzde 79.5’i Arapça ve yüzde 12.5’i Türkçe kökenlidir. Farsça kökenli terimlerin sayısı ise sadece yüzde 5.4 gibi düşük bir oranı teşkil etmektedir.
İSMETÎ’NİN BAHR-İ TAVÎLİ
Authors: BAKA TELLİ Şermin
Published: October 2022

Klasik Türk edebiyatı, XIII. yüzyılın sonlarında başlayıp XIX. yüzyılın sonlarına kadar kesintisiz olarak devam eden ve kendine has kuralları bulunan bir edebiyattır. Bir geleneğin tezahürü olan bu edebiyat, yüzyıllar içerisinde sayısız edebî ürünün ortaya çıkışına zemin oluşturmuş, neticesinde kültür ve medeniyet tarihimizin birikimleri arasında yerini almıştır. Günümüzde bu kültür mirasımızın manzum ve mensur nice eserleri gün yüzüne çıkarılmayı beklemektedir. Söz konusu eserlerden biri de Sivas Ziya Bey Yazma Eserler Kütüphanesi 6461 numarada kayıtlı şiir mecmuasıdır. Mecmua, XV-XIX. yüzyıllar arasında yaşamış pek çok şairin şiirini ihtiva etmektedir. Bu manzumeler arasında -klasik Türk edebiyatında sınırlı sayıda şair tarafından kaleme alınan dolayısıyla örneğine az rastlanan- bir de bahr-i tavîl yer almaktadır.

Bahr-i tavîl, aruz kalıplarının arka arkaya tekralanmasıyla oluşturulan ve nesir cümleleri niteliğinde yazılan yer yer seciler de yapılan bir tarzdır. Edebiyatımızda nazımla nesir arasında bir köprü görevi gören bu edebî parçaların ilk örneğinin hangi edebiyatta görüldüğü tam olarak bilinmese de Anadolu sahasında ilk bahr-i tavîlin XV. yüzyıl şairi Ahmet Paşa tarafından yazıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Çeşitli divan ve mecmualar tarandıkça da Seyfî, Belâyî, Fedâyî, Gelibolulu Âlî, Arşî, Fehîm-i Kadîm, Beyânî, Muhibbî (Kanunî Sultan Süleymân), Zâhirî, Bezmî, Yahyâ, Şeyh Gâlib, Bayburtlu Zihnî gibi birçok şairin bahr-i tavîl tarzında şiirler kaleme aldığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalışmayla birlikte şimdiye kadar konu üzerine yapılan çalışmalarda adını göremediğimiz İsmetî mahlaslı bir şairin bahr-i tavîli ilim dünyasına tanıtılacaktır. Çalışmanın giriş bölümünde öncelikle bahr-i tavîl terimi üzerinde durulacak ardından da bu tür üzerine yapılan çalışmalardan söz edilecektir. Birinci bölümde; bahr-i tavîlin yer aldığı şiir mecmuası tavsif edilecek, ikinci bölümde -tezkireler ve biyografik kaynaklar ışığında- İsmetî’nin hayatı ve edebî şahsiyeti hakkında bilgi verilecek; üçüncü bölümde ise söz konusu manzumenin şekil ve muhteva özellikleri üzerinde durulacak ve ardından çeviri yazılı metni verilecektir.
FEYZÎ’NİN MANZUM LÜCCETÜ’L-ESRAR TERCÜMESİ
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Mehmet
Published: October 2022

Lüccetü’l-esrâr Molla Abdurrahman Câmî’nin, Emir Hüsrev-i Dihlevî’nin Deryâ-yı Ebrâr adlı kasidesine yazdığı 100 beyitlik naziredir. Câmî’nin birinci divânı olan Fâtihatü’ş-şebâb’da bulunan Lüccetü’l-esrâr, mecazlarla örülü sembolik anlatımın yoğun olduğu tasavvufî bir kasidedir. Muhtevası itibariyle pendnâme olan bu kaside, Osmanlı’da çok beğenilmiş ve üzerine çok sayıda manzum, mensur tercümeler ve mensur şerhler yazılmıştır. Yapılan şerh ve tercümelerin temel nedeni Lüccetü’l-esrâr’daki sembolik anlatımdan kaynaklı müphemliği gidermektir. Bunun haricinde mütercim veya şarihlerin artlarında eser bırakma isteği ve Feyzî’de olduğu gibi kasideyi anlama çabası nedeniyle Lüccetü’l-esrâr tercüme veya şerh edilmiştir. Tespit edebildiğimiz kadarıyla Lüccetü’l-esrâr’a yapılan üç tane manzum tercüme bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan ilki Erzurum kadı vekili Ahmed Râşid’e, diğeri Hafız Hulûsi Efendi’ye, üçüncüsü ise Feyzî’ye aittir. Ahmed Râşid’in manzum tercümesi makale olarak çalışılmış, Feyzî’nin, eserin mukaddimesindeki ifadelerinden haberdar olduğumuz Hafız Hulûsi Efendi’nin manzum tercümesine ise ulaşılamamıştır.

Bu çalışmada Feyzî’nin manzum Lüccetü’l-esrâr tercümesi latinize edilerek sunulmuştur. Tercümenin tespit edebildiğimiz tek nüshası bulunmaktadır. Feyzî, kasideyi beyit beyit tercüme etmiş, her beyti Farsça aslının altına yazmıştır. Bundan dolayı kasidenin Farsça aslı da yazma nüshada olduğu şekliyle verilmiştir. Feyzî’nin hayatına dair kaynaklarda herhangi bir bilgiye rastlayamadığımızdan dolayı onun terceme-i hâli Lüccetü’l-esrâr’ın mukaddimesinde verdiği bazı bilgilerden hareketle yazılmaya çalışılmıştır. Ayrıca Lüccetü’l-esrâr’a yapılan tercüme ve şerhler genel hatlarıyla tanıtılmaya gayret edilmiştir.
18. YÜZYILDA YAZILMIŞ BİR NASİHATNÂME: KEFEVÎZÂDE MEHMED ÂDİL’İN NESÂİH-İ CÜNDİYYE’Sİ
Authors: DONUK Suat
Published: October 2022

Klasik Türk edebiyatı metin türlerinden biri nasihatnâmelerdir. Türk edebiyatının meşhur kitapları arasında yer alan pek çok nasihatnâme vardır. Bu ünlü kitapların yanı sıra yazma eser kütüphanelerinde, henüz gün yüzüne çıkmamış nasihatnâmeler de bulunmaktadır. Araştırmacılar tarafından son dönemde pek çok nasihatnâme örneği tespit edilip ilim âlemiyle paylaşılmıştır. Kefevîzâde Mehmed Âdil Efendi’nin Nesâih-i Cündiyye’si bu tarz bir eserdir. Nesâih-i Cündiyye, Ankara Milli Kütüphane 06 Hk 3752 numarada kayıtlı mecmuada yer almaktadır. Yazımı 1208 yılı Safer ayının son gününde (6 Ekim 1793) tamamlanmıştır. Askerî nasihatnâme türüne girmektedir. Orduya mensup bir kişinin halkın selamet, dirlik ve düzeni için uyması gereken öğütleri içermektedir. Müellifi, nasihatlerini somutlaştırmak ve anlatımı süslemek için âyet-i kerîme, hadîs-i şerîf, hikâye, manzume ve kelamıkibarlardan yararlanmıştır. Kelamıkibarlar içerisinde en çok Hz. Ali’nin vecizelerine yer vermiştir. Arapça ve Farsça iktibasları nazmen Türkçeye tercüme etmiştir. Askerlere sır saklamak, devlet yöneticilerini sevmek, cömertlik, takva sahibi olmak, maiyetindekileri tanımak, bilgili ve akıllı danışmanlar istihdam etmek ve sabırlı olmak öğütlerini vermiştir. Savaş esnasında okunması gereken duaları da bildirmiştir. Nesâih-i Cündiyye’nin dili ağır, üslubu süslüdür. Dil varlığının ağırlıklı olarak Arapça ve Farsça kelimelerden örülü olması dilini ağır kılmıştır. Arapça, Farsça ve Türkçe manzum ve mensur iktibaslar, seci ve uzun cümleler üslubunu tumturaklı hale getirmiştir. Nesâih-i Cündiyye çok sayıda Türkçe arkaik kelime ve ek ihtiva etmesi yönüyle 18. yüzyıl Osmanlı Türkçesi dil çalışmaları için önemli veriler sunmaktadır. Bu makalede Kefevîzâde Mehmed Âdil’in Nesâih-i Cündiyye’sinin şekil ve muhteva incelemesinin neticeleri verilmiş, Nesâih-i Cündiyye’nin çeviri yazılı metni ilim âlemiyle paylaşılmıştır.
GÜLŞEN-İ ŞU’ARÂ’DA “ÖLÜM”Ü TANIMLAYAN İFADELER
Authors: BAHADIR Savaşkan Cem
Published: October 2022

Ahdî’nin 1563 yılında tertip ettiği ve içerisinde 381 şairin biyografisi barındıran Gülşen-i Şu’arâ Anadolu sahasında yazılmış ilk tezkirelerdendir. Her tezkire yazarı gibi Ahdî de kendine has üslubu ile eserini, diğer tezkire müelliflerinden ayırmaya gayret etmiştir. Hazırlanan çalışmada Ahdi’nin Gülşen-i Şu’arâ isimli tezkiresinde yer alan şair biyografileri incelenerek bahsi geçen metinlerde “ölüm” ve “ölüm”ü tanımlayan ifadeler tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Gülşen-i Şu’arâ, daha önce yayımladığımız, Âşık Çelebi’nin tezkiresinde ölümü inceleyen “Meşâ’irü’ş-Şuarâ’da “Ölüm”ü Tanımlayan İfadeler- I ve II”, isimli makalelerin sonuç bölümünde belirtildiği gibi on altıncı yüzyılda yazılmış şuara tezkirelerinin ölüm kavramı etrafında incelenmesi noktasında ele alınan diğer tezkiredir. Çalışma neticesinde Ahdî’ nin de tıpkı Âşık Çelebi gibi bir şairin ölümü hakkında bilgi verirken farklı kelimeleri kullandığı bazen de ölüm kavramını tasvirlere yer vererek okuyucuya aktardığı görülmüştür. Çalışma iki bölüm olarak düzenlenmiştir. İlk bölümde Ahdî’nin ölüm kavramını basit ifadelerle tasvir ettiği şair biyografilerine ikinci bölümde ise ölümün sanatlı ifadelerle tasvir edildiği şair biyografilerine yer verilmiştir. Çalışmanın içeriğini zenginleştirmek amacıyla Gülşen-i Şu’arâ’da yer alan ölüm ile ilgili kavramlar, daha önce hazırlanmış olan “Meşâ’irü’ş-Şuarâ’da “Ölüm”ü Tanımlayan İfadeler- I ve II” isimli makalelerde yer alan ölümü tanımlayan ifadelerle birlikte tablolar halinde okuyucuya sunulmuş ve bu şekilde bir karşılaştırma yapılmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu sayede ölüm kavramı etrafında şekillenmiş olan kelime kadrosu ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.
Evaluation of the Microbiological Quality of Pastries Marketed in the City of Man (Côte d’Ivoire)
Authors: Carole Koffi Affoué , Koua Atobla , René Koffi Ahua , Idrissa Doumbia , Rose Koffi Nevry
Published: October 2022

Food safety is a major problem for all agro-food industries. Thus, with the COVID-19 pandemic, the problem becomes more crucial because it is essential to safeguard the health and safety of all those who work in food production. This product undergoes transformations and manipulations of which the consumer knows neither the nature nor the manipulators. Thus, pastry products are considered to be sensitive foods and therefore favorable to microbial growth causing food poisoning. The present study consisted in evaluating the microbiological quality of pastries in the city of Man (Côte d’Ivoire). The microbiological analysis was carried out by the decimal dilution technique and according to several standards on 24 samples in two large patisseries in the city. The analyzes revealed that the Total Aerobic Mesophilic Flora (FMAT) is present in 50% of the samples analyzed in the “ALI- BABA” pastry and 75% in the “BRIOCHE” pastry,ˮ The Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and salmonella germs are absent in all the samples analyzed for the two pastries. Thus, these pastry products are not completely clean; it is important to analyze the quality of other pastry products.
Identification of a Novel Cellulolytic Bacteria as Cotton Stalk Degrader
Authors: R. Parmar Preeti , K. Patel Himani , Rajkumar B. K. , Patel D. H.
Published: October 2022

Isolation of total 18 bacterial strains were carried out from the decayed wood samples collected from farm of MCRS, NAU, Surat and Surat Municipal Waste site at Khajod, Surat on nutrient agar plates. Among 18 isolates, four cellulose degrading bacterial strains (CDB) viz., CDB9 (4.0), CDB5 (3.0), CDB15 (3.0) and CDB18 (2.0) showed significant cellulolytic index on Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) agar plate within 48 hrs after flooding with congo red stain. Further, CDB9, CDB5, CDB15 and CDB18 were studied to determine the quantitative cellulose degradation activity in CMC broth and examined for thier FPase and CMCase activity. Maximum FPase and CMCase activity observed with CDB9 (FPase: 0.72 FPU ml-1, CMCase: 1.28 IU ml-1) followed by CDB15 (FPase: 0.50 FPU ml-1, CMCase : 0.78 IU ml-1), CDB5 (FPase : 0.15 FPU ml-1, CMCase : 0.27 IU ml-1) and CDB18 (FPase : 0.002 FPU ml-1, CMCase : 0.008 IU ml-1) at 48 hrs in static condition. Based on quantitative assay, CDB9 and CDB 15 were selected to study biodegradation of cotton stalk. CDB9 isolate showed significant FPase (2.79 FPU ml-1) and CMCase (3.20 IU ml-1) activities with 17 % weight loss of cotton stalk within 30 days than CDB15 (FPase: 0.30 FPU ml-1), CMCase:: 2.30 IU ml-1 and 11 % weight loss); while decreased cellulose amount was observed with both the strains (CDB9: 35.67 mg/ml, CDB15 : 40.27mg/ml). Thus, CDB9 was found to be a remarkable cotton stalk degrader. On the basis of qualitative plate assay for extracellular enzymes production and antibiotic disc assay, it was found CDB9 was able to produce lipase and inhibited by the antibiotics viz., Ampicillin, Amoxyclav, Cefotaxime, Co-Trimoxazole, Gentamicin and Tobramycin within 24 hrs, respectively. On the basis of 16S-rDNA sequencing, CDB9 bacterial strain was identified as Kosakonia oryziphila.
Microbial-Resistance Contaminant in Chicken Meat from Local Market in South Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Nugroho Priyanto Dwi , rah Lati
Published: October 2022

Antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria contamination has been found in chicken meat products. Chicken meat is obtained from a local market in South Jakarta, Indonesia. Identification of bacteria in was done using conventional methods with selective media and biochemical tests. Furthermore were carried out using vitek2 compact to confirmation identification and pattern of antibiotic resistance. The results obtained 1 isolate Enterococcus faecalis, 1 isolate Proteus mirabilis and 3 isolates Escherichia coli. 1 isolate E. Coli was resistant to the antibiotics ampicillin, sulbactam, ciprofloxacin and trime-thoprim/sulfamethoxazole. P. mirabilis was resistant to tigecycline and nitrofurantoin, while E. faecalis was resistant to erythromycin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, and tetracycline. Based on the results of the study, it is very important to choose a seller who is clean and always cooks chicken meat until it is cooked to inhibit the growth of bacteria.
Screening of Phytochemicals against Multiple Drug Resistant Bacteria from Clinical Isolates
Authors: Karekar Manish Dattatraya , Chavan Sumit , Dave Rajal , Chatla Abhishek , Kamble Mansi , Raut Richa , Ambawade Mukund
Published: October 2022

Plants, a rich source of therapeutic compounds because its tremendous applications in the pharmaceutical industry. To find a new and effective antimicrobial compound from the selected plant, the solvents like methanol, Ethanol, Chloroform, Hexane, Xylene, and water were used to evaluate systematically. In vitro antimicrobial activity was performed using Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) clinical isolates by Kirby Bauer Method. Solvent extracts showed more antimicrobial activity compared to aqueous extracts of both plants. Phytochemical analysis of Piper betel leaves showed the presence of Glycoside, Tannin, Terpenoid, Coumarin, Flavonoid, and Phenol whereas Achyranthes aspera roots were lacking Phenol and Tannin. Thus, present studies suggest the medicinal use of bioactive components from traditional plants Piper betel and Achyranthes aspera in the treatment of various infectious diseases.
Germination Response of Pinus kesiya in Different Containers and Potting Media in Northeast Region of Nagaland
Authors: Anar Sudila , Wani Afaq Majid
Published: October 2022

The study entitled Germination response of Pinus Kesiya in different containers and potting media in Northeast area of Nagaland was carried out during the year 2021- 2022 to see the performance of different types of containers and the most suitable soil media for growth and establishment of Pinus kesiya located at Kohima district with the average annual rainfall of 1660.8 mm. The effects of container types and growth medium on the seedling growth and root morphology of Pinus kesiya were investigated by using a completely randomized block experimental design. There were six treatments replicated three times with 10 seeds per replication. Both container type and growth medium significantly affected the growth, biomass, and root morphological indexes of Pinus kesiya seedlings, but container type had a greater effect on the seedling quality of Pinus Kesiya than the growth medium. Among the different containerized raised seedlings, the root trainer (150 cc) raised seedlings produced healthier plant growth as compared to the seedlings raised in Polybags (6×7). Potting mixture of soil: sand: FYM in the ratio of 1:1:1 (M2) showed the best response in root trainers (C1) whereas for polybags (C2) potting mixture of soil: sand: Vermicompost in the ratio 1:1:1 (M5). And in all parameters the minimum was recorded in M3(Soil + FYM+ Neem Cake) and M6 (Neem cake + Sand+ Vermicompost) for root trainers and polybags.
Studies on the Interaction Effect of Planting Dates and Nitrogen Levels on Growth, Yield and Economics of Red Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. rubra)
Authors: Kavalgi Abhilash , Laksmi R. Rajya , Jyothi K. Uma , Krishna K. Uma
Published: October 2022

The present an experiment entitled “Studies on the effect of planting dates and nitrogen levels on growth, yield and quality of red cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. rubra)” was carried out in Rabi/Winter season 2018- 2019 at Mango Research Station, Nuzvid, Krishna district, Andhra Pradesh (India) with the objective of studying the interaction effect of planting dates and nitrogen levels on growth, yield and quality of red cabbage besides studying economic returns. Present study included 12 treatments combinations with three levels of planting dates (30th September, 15th and 30th October) and four nitrogen levels (80, 120,160 and 200kg/ha) each replicated thrice in Factorial Randomized Block Design (FRBD). Observations were recorded on 6 growth, 4 yield and yield attributing parameters and mean performance studies revealed significant difference in all parameters. The interaction effect of planting dates and nitrogen levels was found significant. Highest number of heading leaves (24.87), plant height (38.43 cm) and plant spread (59.78cm) were recorded with the treatment combination of 15th October planting date and application of 200 kg N/ha (D2N4). The yield contributing characters like head weight (709g), head yield per plot (56.67kg), estimated head yield per hectare (438.55q) and dry matter production (12.55%) recorded higher values with same treatment. Highest BC ratio (3.82:1) was obtained from the combination of 15th October planting date with 200kg Nitrogen/hector (D2N4). Based on the results obtained in the present investigation, it can be concluded that 15th October planting date combined with application of 200kg N/ha (D2N4) proved to be best for getting higher growth, yield and economic returns in Red cabbage for coastal Andhra Pradesh.
Effect of dietary Supplementation of Garlic Along with Multi-strain Probiotic on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Anti-oxidant Profile, Carcass Profile and Economy of production of Broiler Bird
Authors: Shrestha Reema , Joysowal Mamata , Saikia B. N. , Tamuly Shantanu , Mahanta Jugadev
Published: October 2022

By the end of this decade, globally, poultry meat is expected to represent 41 per cent of all the protein from meat sources. Poultry meat consumption is expected to rise as consumers are attracted not only due to lower prices but also product consistency and adaptability as well as higher protein / lower fat content. After the ban of application of sub-therapeutic levels of antibiotics, development and application of non-antibiotic alternatives like probiotics as performance enhancers are increasing. Although, there is limited research about the effect of these prebiotic and probiotics on broiler performance. One hundred eighty no. (N=180) of day old commercial Ven Cobb 50 broiler chicks were randomly distributed into 4 treatment groups i.e., T0, T1, T2 and T3, where T0 fed with basal diet and treatment groups were fed with (0.25%,0.50% & 0.75%) garlic powder add mixture with probiotics culture(1-2 × 109).In the current investigation various beneficial effects of synbiotics have shown but among all the treatments 0.50% garlic powder along with multi-strain probiotics can enhance growth performance, digestibility, antioxidant profile and economy of herd can be obtained.
Isolation, Identification and Production of Keratinolytic Proteases by a Chicken Feathers – Degrading Aspergillus niger Strain
Authors: Singh Bavdeep , Thakur Anshul , Jain Shreya
Published: October 2022

Proteolytic fungi was isolated from soil sample collected from nearby area of Acentric Biotech and Research Laboratory, Phase 7, Industrial area, Mohali, (Punjab)on potato dextrose agar media plate containing chicken feathers as cheap and local, protein substrate. The chicken feathers sample was collected from village butchery, phase 5, Mohali (Punjab).The fungi was inoculated in basal for the production of protease enzyme. The crude enzyme extract identified by Bradford protein assay method. The protease enzyme activity of Aspergillus niger was 58.33 m/dL for test sample and 29.37 m/dL for control. The maximum extracellular protease production was observed at 25 °C.
Evaluation of Thermal Indices in Relation to Phenology of Green Gram (Vigna radiata L.) under Different Growing Environments of Navsari Region of South Gujarat
Authors: Virani Vivek Bharatbhai , Kumar Neeraj , Mote B. M.
Published: October 2022

A field experiment was conducted during the rabi season of 2021-22 at Research farm of Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari to study the thermal indices for green gram cultivars. The thermal indices viz., growing degree day (GDD), photothermal unit (PTU), heliothermal unit (HTU), photothermal index (PTI) and thermal use efficiencies were worked out concerning green gram phenology under the different environments condition. The result revealed that the high units of thermal indices viz., GDD, HTU, PTU, and PTI were observed in cv. GBM-1 followed by cv. CO-4 under the third sowing date. The HUE was reported higher in cv. CO-4 (1.212 kg ha-1 ℃ day-1) followed by cv. GM-7 (1.040 kg ha-1 ℃ day-1) under the third sowing date. The correlation between thermal indices viz., GDD, HTU, PTU, and harvest days and seed yield were founded significant which means the temperature and sunshine hours significantly influenced the seed yield and duration of phenophases.
The Role of Slit Skin Smear in the Diagnosis of Doubtful Cases of Hansen’s Disease
Authors: Moorthy Soundharya
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Leprosy remains one of the major public health hazards in the world even today. It is caused by Mycobacterium leprae, which is an acid-fast and rod-shaped bacillus. It is mainly transmitted by close and intimate contact with untreated cases via droplets from nasal and oral secretions and rarely through the skin. It is endemic in tropical countries, especially in developing countries in South-East Asia, America, Africa, Eastern Pacific and Western Mediterranean. Early case detection and prompt treatment have been identified as key strategies for effective control and elimination of leprosy disease. This article aims to study the role of Slit Skin Smear in the diagnosis of doubtful cases of Hansen’s disease. Materials and Methods: After enrolment of doubtful cases of the leprosy patients, a detailed history and demographic information were collected with their consent in addition to obtaining slit skin smear (SSS) as per the standard protocol. The SSS were stained with modified Ziehl- Neelson stain (5% sulphuric acid) and viewed under an oil immersion microscope. Results and Discussion: From a total of 120 clinically doubtful cases of leprosy, 23 (19.1%) were SSS positive. These cases were neither previously diagnosed as leprosy nor had undergone any treatment for leprosy. Among the 23 SSS positives, there was a male predominance (78.2%); 78.3% were from rural area and 65.2% were from economically low background. The most predominant age group among SSS positives were 30-40 years (43.4%) followed by 40-50 years (34.7%). In the 23 positive cases, BI 1+ was present in 70% and borderline tuberculoid in 66.7%. Among 120 doubtful cases, paucibacillary (PB) accounted for 80.9% being the highest number against 19.1% of cases with multibacillary (MB) disease. Further treatment and follow up action on the cases of SSS positive as per the result of the study were intimated to Dermatology department. Conclusion: Hansen’s disease is still a threat and challenge to human life. Early detection, treatment, awareness building and community education will reduce the prevalence consequently leading to eradicate the disease altogether.
Antibacterial Activity of Ginger Extract on Pseudomonas and Klebsiella Spp Isolated from Spoiled Fruits
Authors: Ifeyinwa Ezugwu Roseline
Published: October 2022

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is a medicinal plant that has been used extensively as spices in food and drinks and as an antimicrobial agent against various pathogenic organisms. The antimicrobial effect of ginger extract (ethanol, methanol and chloroform) against Pseudomonas and Klebsiella spp were investigated using agar well diffusion method. The results obtained from the study showed that the organisms used for the analysis were susceptible to the extracts except chloroform ginger extract that was unable to inhibit the growth of Klebsiella spp. Ginger ethanol extract had more inhibitory activity on Pseudomonas with the highest zone of inhibition (25 mm at 200 mg/ml) when compared to Klebsiella spp (22 mm at 200 mg/ml). The methanolic ginger extract had lower inhibitory activity (20 mm) on Klebsiella and (21 mm) on Pseudomonas spp when compared to the ethanol extract. Chloroform extract was the least in suppressing the growth of Klebsiella spp (10 mm at 200 mg/ml) and Pseudomonas spp (19 mm) at the same concentration of 200 mg/ml. MIC of ginger extracts on the organisms ranged from 6.25 mg/ml to 12.5 mg/ml for ethanol and methanol extracts except for chloroform extract that ranged from 0.00 to 6.25 mg/ml. The MBC was determined and Klebsiella had MBC at 3.125 mg/ml for ethanol and methanol extracts except for chloroform extract that were non inhibitory. Pseudomonas had MBC at 1.56 mg/ml for ethanol and methanol extracts and 12.5 mg/ml for chloroform extract. It is therefore imperative that ginger can be used as an antibacterial agent in the treatment of infections caused by Klebsiella spp and Pseudomonas spp.
Effect of Subsoiler on Soil Physio-Chemical Properties and Root Growth on Various Crops-A Review
Authors: Tomar Anamika
Published: October 2022

Subsoiler plough is predominantly exclusively primary tillage equipment far and wide. In ideal conditions, subsoiling should break up the soil at depth and produce vertical cracks through the whole soil profile. On overview of effects of subsoiler on soil physio-chemical properties and root growth of various crops. The subsoiler has better performance on improving soil properties such as bulk density, porosity, strength, infiltration rates, chemical properties and root development. The crop yields were seen positive or no correlation on subsoiling.
Role of Silk as a Remunerative Cash Crop of Murshidabad, West Bengal
Authors: Chatterjee Abhirupa , Yaden Sangyu
Published: October 2022

Silk, the "Queen of Textiles" is an inseparable part of Indian culture and tradition over thousands of year. The internal high market demand makes India, the largest silk consuming country as no ritual is completed here without it, and the second largest silk producing country of the world with more than 18% to the world’s silk production. Being an agro-based industry, this sector includes both agricultural and industrial aspects and thus refers to the work started from mulberry cultivation, silk worm rearing, and obtaining silk up to the making of finished silk product. Indian climate is appropriate for the production of all the varieties of silk called Mulberry, Tasar, Muga and Eri and among these Mulberry silk is the most renowned and popular form of silk. This industry helps in shaping the economic destiny of the rural people especially for the overpopulated rural economy based country like India as it mainly depends on human power and helps in poverty alleviation whereas, being retreated from the developed countries because of the increasing labour cost. It is appropriate for both marginal and small scale land holders because of its low investment and high assured return at regular interval. In West Bengal, Silk industry plays a significant economic role by providing employment over 1.2lakhs rural families round the year (Seri States Profile, 2019). The district Murshidabad of West Bengal is well equipped in both the production and weaving of mulberry silk and so as a matter of fact the silk industry of the state mainly goes by the name of ‘Murshidabad Silk’ as the silk weaving belts are confined around this district. This paper intends to analyse the importance of silk as a remunerative cash crop of Murshidabad.
Estimating Sovereign Credit Rating: Is Kuwait Overrated?
Authors: AlAli Musaed S.
Published: October 2022

Despite all the criticism surrounding the reliability of credit rating agencies’ rating systems, these agencies' ratings still play an essential role in determining the cost of funding for government bonds. These agencies are also accused of not applying the same standards for all countries resulting in mis-rating causing a disturbance in these countries economic and financial systems. Countries try their best to obtain the highest rating possible to reduce their cost of borrowing and increase the demand for their bonds in the global financial market. This research is set to examine whether or not Kuwait is getting a favorable sovereign credit rating from the three largest credit rating agencies. Using a panel data regression for 40 countries for the year 2017, results revealed that Kuwait enjoyed a favorable treatment from the three major credit rating agencies where it was rated by an average of 3.18 notches higher than what it should be. The results also indicates that Kuwait did not take advantage of its inflated credit rating and the policy makers did not address the factors that would improve their credit rating and as a result Kuwait sovereign credit rating was downgraded by all three credit rating agencies in 2022.
Endangered Food Systems: Agriculture, Nutrition and Cultural Heritage in Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Reuter Thomas A.
Published: October 2022

The long-established, traditional food systems maintained by indigenous and local communities in developing countries have witnessed rapid changes in production, trade, and consumption patterns in recent decades. These changes tend to be detrimental to ecological and human health. The central highlands and northeastern coast of the island of Bali, Indonesia, are illustrative examples of such a regional food system, with centuries of documented history and subject to a longitudinal ethnographic study by the author. This paper describes the recent decline in local biodiversity, ecological sustainability, social resilience, nutrition, and food security in this food system in the wake of agricultural ‘modernization.’ Greater attention to the culturally modulated dimensions of food systems, it is argued, will contribute to creating a rural development model for (re-)creating moral economies that support ecologically and socially responsible food systems.
Lean Service Operations and A Lean Management Application at a Foundation University
Authors: Mira Almohanad , Kuşakcı Ali Osman
Published: October 2022

Lean service operations and lean management are of vital importance for all service providers as much as manufacturers. Unfortunately, most universities need to be made aware of the concept of lean. However, they can benefit from lean management in all their service areas, such as admissions, administration of research funds, hiring, and nearly any functional area where multi-step processes can be simplified and focused on the needs of the users served by the organization. Lean methodologies focus on reducing waste (Muda in Japanese), removing overburden (Muri in Japanese), and unnecessary variation (Mura in Japanese). Non-value-added activities are eliminated or dealt with to develop the performance of the process. This study aims to highlight the suitability of lean in a university environment to enhance the efficiency of the operational tasks performed and provide suggestions for better performance. Lean methodologies were applied to the School of Graduate Studies at a Turkish university to study the current state of the process and provide recommendations and alternatives for the current issues faced using Value Stream Mapping (VSM). As a result, Value-Added and Non-Value-Added activities were identified with Indicative Ratios to compare the performance before and after applying lean. In the end, seven questions were answered to develop a proposal for the future state of the process, which was presented to the university management.
Does Power Sector Reform Facilitate Informal Economy Development? A Study of Nigeria’s Experience in the Southeast Geopolitical Zone
Authors: Chukwu Chukwuemeka Quentin , Ojohu Richard , Nnamani Kelechi Elijah
Published: October 2022

This study examines the efficacy of the power sector reform in enhancing the development of the informal economy in the southeast geopolitical zone of Nigeria. It interrogates explicitly the effect of the unbundling of the electricity sector on job creation and livelihoods of the operators of the informal economy. Utilizing the mixed methods data approach and the Marxist theory of the postcolonial state, this study argues that the power sector reform is part of the grand strategy aimed at expanding capitalist penetration and protecting the economic interests of the advanced capitalist states. This self-serving interest of the capitalist institutions, which the power sector reform intends to protect explains the crisis in the power sector manifesting in poor electricity supply and increased tariffs for electricity consumers. Indeed, these untoward outcomes have negatively affected the development of the informal economy in southeast Nigeria. It, however, recommends a reevaluation of the market-based power sector reform in Nigeria.