bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic Interpretation of Some Medico-Philosophical Theories of Ibn Sina 3-The theory of temperament.
Authors: Zaabal Magdy
Published: September 2023

This study is the third in a series of studies aimed at explaining and interpreting some of Ibn Sina's medico-philosophical implications from a genetic perspective. In the first study, we explained the genetic interpretation of the theory of “the soul creation”; while in the second study we discussed the theory of “mixtures and essence”.
In the current study, we emphasize the proper linguistic and scientific meaning of the term “temperament”, which is the “genotype” of an organ or some organs, while the temperament of the whole body is the individual genome, which is the “second perfection” of Ibn Sina. This new definition that we propose was derived from two sources. The first is a linguistic source originating from the interpretation of the word “temperament” in all its derivatives in Arabic (Ibn Manzoor’s Dictionary of Lesan al- Arab). The second source is the analysis of the scientific context of Ibn Sina and comparing it to the linguistic analogy term.
In his manuscript “Treatise on Cardiac Drugs” Ibn Sina stated, “ each organ has a special structure/qualitative mixture, (temperament in English translation) which is the result of specific mixtures in the essence, but this special structure/qualitative mixture develops because of the number of mixtures and the form of their structure’ in our belief, the terms “specific mixtures” and “special structure” can be adopted as sibling terms, as the difference between them can be explained within the concept of causation (the cause “specific mixtures/genes” and effect “special structure/genotype”) but not in the meaning.
Thanks to the Arabic language in which Ibn Sina formulated most of his encyclopedic works, we were able to realize some of the hidden meanings in Ibn Sina’s theories, the most important of which is the meaning of the temperament, as well as the meaning and the origin of the word DNA, which first appeared in the heritage culture of the Arabic language and is called the “two powers” or “al-merrataine” in Arabic pronunciation, which means “A long, fine, well coiled strands” and other synonyms, as will be evident in the folds of the current study.
Multidimensional Inequality in Chinese Economics Academia
Authors: Ju Qirui
Published: September 2023

This paper examines three dimensions of inequality in Chinese economics academia: gender, party affiliation, and international experience using an original database constructed from faculty members’ websites. By running a matched algorithm, the results show a positive impact on academic promotion for being male, having political affiliation, and acquiring an international degree. The study also analyzes interschool gaps across these dimensions and how they relate to promotion within the Chinese context. Higher-ranking schools generally associate with larger gender gaps and smaller influence from political affiliation and international experience. Besides schools, this research also examines the three dimensions of gaps across multiple stages of careers. This paper finds that senior positions are generally associated with wider gender gaps and larger percentages of political affiliations, suggesting that faculty members gradually build their political connections in the middle of their careers. Finally, this research provides potential channels for explaining inequality and possible policy intervention. Party membership is both skill-based and connection-based inequality, international experience is skill-based, and the gender gap relates to social norms.
Active defense strategies for invasive plants may alter the distribution pattern of pests in the invaded area
Authors: Zhai Junjie , Hou Bin , Hu Fangyu , Yu Guozhu , Li Zhiqi , Palmer-Young Evan C. , Gao Lei
Published: September 2023

In the invaded areas, it is believed that invasive species reduce their investment in defense due to the absence of natural enemies. This study explored the defense strategies of invasive plants through research on the invasive species. Field investigation indicated that invasive plants have a driving effect on herbivorous pests, and the frequency of leaf damages of native plant reaches a peak at 2–3 m distance from the invasive species. A feeding preference assay with two generalist herbivorous insects (native insect Spodoptera litura and invasive insect Spodoptera frugiperda) showed that the invasive plants have a stronger antifeedant effect on generalist herbivores than native plants. By analyzing the content of secondary metabolites in the leaves of three invasive plants (Sphagneticola trilobata, Mikania micrantha, Ipomoea cairica) and three native plants (Ipomoea nil, Paederia foetida, Polygonum chinense), the leaves of invasive plants had higher concentrations of substances associated with defenses, including total phenols, flavonoids, jasmonic acid, tannin, H2O2, and total antioxidant capacity, and lower soluble protein concentrations than the native plants. After leaf damage, compared to native plants, the leaves of invasive plants showed an overall increase in substances associated with defense, except for soluble sugar. These results suggest that invasive plants maintain active defense strategies in invaded areas, and these strategies may alter the distribution patterns of herbivorous insects in a manner that facilitates invasion.
Psychobiological Responses to Choir Singing and Creative Arts Activities in Children and Adolescents with Mental Disorders: Results of a Pilot Study
Authors: Grebosz-Haring Katarzyna , Thun-Hohenstein Leonhard
Published: September 2023

Mental disorders (MD) among children and adolescents are usually associated with over-activation of stress response pathways and poor mood state, quality of life and wellbeing. Arts interventions may help to reduce biological stress and improve psychological outcomes in this population. We determined the effects of four arts activities on salivary cortisol, immunoglobulin-A, mood state, quality of life, and wellbeing in young people with MD. Forty-two in- and out-patients in child and adolescent psychiatry (aged 12–18) were engaged in short-term arts activities (singing, textile design, drama, clownery) conducted by professional artists, delivered through five consecutive 90-minute daily sessions in one week. Cortisol, immunoglobulin-A, and mood state were assessed daily pre-post interventions. Quality of life and well-being were measured pre-post 5-day-interventions. Over five days, the arts activities apart from singing significantly affected reductions in cortisol (textile design − 0.81, 95% CI -1.48 to -0.14; drama − 0.76, 95% CI -1.28 to -0.24; clownery − 0.74, 95% CI -1.47 to -0.01). Textile design led to significant improvement in alertness (4.08; 95% CI 0.77 to 7.39), and singing (2.20, 95% CI -0.55 to 4.94) and textile design (2.89, 95% CI -0.39 to 6.18) tended to influence a positive change in mood. Quality of life measurements increased significantly in singing (5.49, 95% CI 1.05 to 9.92); well-being and immunoglobulin-A showed no significant changes. Arts activities may provide a complementary solution to reduce stress and improve mood state in young people with MD. Further investigation is needed to confirm the results and explain the differences in psycho-biological responses.
A Mendelian randomization study of type 2 diabetes on prostate cancer
Authors: Guo Hui , Deng Jiewen , Niu Xiaowen , Sun Yan , Huang Fang , Chen Xiujuan
Published: September 2023

Background
In previous observational studies, the association between type 2 diabetes and prostate cancer risk has been reported, but remained controversial. The causality is still unclear. We intended to evaluate the causal effect of type 2 diabetes on prostate cancer by using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
Methods
The summary statistics for type 2 diabetes were from Diagram Consortium with 69033 individuals and prostate cancer information from IEU OpenGWAS for a total of 463010 individuals. Under different model assumptions, MR analysis including inverse variance weighted, weighted median, MR-Egger regression, simple mode, and weighted mode were used to perform the causality effect. Sensitivity analysis was implemented by Cochran Q-test, MR-Egger regression, leave-one-out method, pleiotropic residual and outlier tests.
Results
No evidence for an causality effect of T2D on PCa risk was found in IVW (OR = 1.000, 95%CI = 0.999–1.001, 3.35, P = 0.560), MR-Egger regression method (OR = 1.005, 95%CI = 1.000-1.010, P = 0.107), weighted median method (OR = 1.001, 95%CI = 1.000-1.002, P = 0.187), simple mode (OR = 1.001, 95%CI = 0.999–1.003, P = 0.396) and weighted method (OR = 1.001, 95%CI = 0.999–1.003, P = 0.303). Cochran Q was obtained 0.750(MR Egger)and 0.524༈IVW༉, respectively, and no heterogeneity was observed. The MR-Egger regression has an intercept close to 0, with a P-value greater than 0.05 (Egger intercept = -0.006, P = 0.120).
Conclusions
A causal relationship between T2D and PCa risk were not supported in our MR results based on genetic data.
Understanding Options for Improving Cowpea Production under Changing Climatic and variability in Rain-Forest Agro-ecology of Nigeria
Authors: Adetayo Adewale. Olusola , Balogun Ahmed , Balogun Ifeoluwa
Published: September 2023

Options for improving cowpea production under influence of climate change and variability impacts such as delayed onset, early cessation and shortened length of growing season in rain forest agro-ecological zone of Nigeria was investigated in this study. In order to achieve a sustainable improvement in cowpea production using selection of planting dates option for good growth and yield of cowpea, three planting dates were selected at two weeks interval starting from the onset of rain. This research was conducted during the growing season of 2021 and 2022 at the Laboratory for Geoecology and sustainable food systems (GeoLab), Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria (7°15’N, 5°15’E) and project farm of the Institute of Agricultural Research and Training (I.A.R&T.) Ibadan, Nigeria (7°22‘N; 3°.30‘E). Both locations are within the rain-forest agro-ecological zone of Nigeria. The varieties of cowpea used are, FUAMPEA 2(V1), Ife Brown (V2) and 573-1-1(V3). The planting spacing of 25cm x 75cmcrop was followed. Variables measured are plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, days to 50% flowering, number of peduncle per plant, number of pods per peduncle, number of seeds per pod, pod length, 100 seed weight and yield per hectare. Cultivar differences were noticed among the three varieties of cowpea which indicated their generic differences. Ife Brown and 573-1-1 matured earlier than FUAMPEA 2. Ife Brown had more pods per plant, shorter pod length, fewer numbers of seeds per pod and smaller seeds than FUAMPEA 2 and 573-1-1 varieties of cowpea. Generally, the plant growth and yield parameters decreased with delayed planting irrespective of location and variety of cowpea planted. Maximum yield for FUAMPEA 2, Ife Brown and 573-1-1 planted in Akure are 1.48tons/ha, 1.47tons/ha and 1.22 ton/ha respectively while the maximum yield of cowpea planted in Ibadan for V1,V2 and V3 are 1.36 tons/ha, 1.38 tons/ha and 1.12 ton/ha respectively. Planting of cowpea for good grain yield is best done at the onset of rains in rain-forest of Nigeria. Through this adaptation strategy, the negative effects of climate change on cowpea production are reduced and positive influences enhanced.
Geometric and Radiometric Recording of Prehistoric Graphic Expression: the case of Peña Tu (Asturias, Spain)
Authors: Teira Luis , Bayarri Vicente , Ontañón Roberto , Castillo Elena , Arias Pablo
Published: September 2023

In the studies on Prehistoric Graphic Expression, there are recurrent discussions about the tracings generated by different observers of the same motif. Methodological issues concerning the role of archaeological imaging are often implied within those debates. Do the tracings belong to the observational data exposition chapter, or are they part of the interpretative conclusions? How can the current technological scenario help solve these problems? In 2017, we conducted new documentation of the Peña Tu rock shelter, a well-known site with an intriguing post-palaeolithic graphic collection documented on several occasions throughout the 20th century. Our objective was to provide quantifiable and, if possible, objective documentation of the painted and engraved remnants on the shelter's surface. To achieve this, we employed two data capture strategies. One strategy focused on analyzing the vestiges of paintings using a hyperspectral sensor, while the other centred on the geometric definition of engravings and the rock support, utilizing photogrammetric techniques and laser scanning. These approaches presented various parallax challenges. Despite these challenges, our results were highly satisfactory. We resolved uncertainties regarding the formal features of specific designs that had been subject to debate for a long time. Additionally, we discovered previously unpublished areas with traces of paintings. Lastly, we developed a map highlighting recent alterations and deteriorations, providing a valuable tool for assessing the site's preservation status. In conclusion, by employing advanced technology and comprehensive documentation methods, we significantly contributed to understanding and preserving the prehistoric graphic expressions at the Peña Tu rock shelter.
Low-Cost and High-Performance Abnormal Trajectory Detection Based on the GRU Model with Deep Spatiotemporal Sequence Analysis in Cloud Computing
Authors: Tang Guohao , Zhao Huaying , Yu Baohua
Published: September 2023

Trajectory anomalies serve as early indicators of potential issues and frequently provide valuable insights into event occurrence. Existing methods for detecting abnormal trajectories primarily focus on comparing the spatial characteristics of the trajectories. However, they fail to capture the temporal dimension's pattern and evolution within the trajectory data, thereby inadequately identifying the behavioral inertia of the target group. A few detection methods that incorporate spatiotemporal features have also failed to adequately analyze the spatiotemporal sequence evolution information; consequently, detection methods that ignore temporal and spatial correlations are too one-sided. Recurrent neural networks (RNNs), especially gate recurrent unit (GRU) that design reset and update gate control units, process nonlinear sequence processing capabilities, enabling effective extraction and analysis of both temporal and spatial characteristics. However, the basic GRU network model has limited expressive power and may not be able to adequately capture complex sequence patterns and semantic information. To address the above issues, an abnormal trajectory detection method based on the improved GRU model is proposed in cloud computing in this paper. To enhance the anomaly detection ability and training efficiency of relevant models, strictly control the input of irrelevant features and improve the model fitting effect, an improved model combining the random forest algorithm and fully connected layer network is designed. Experimental results based on the GeoLife GPS Trajectories dataset demonstrate that the improved GRU network model in cloud computing significantly outperforms other network architectures in terms of training cost, detection performance and generalization ability.
Appraising the impact of automobile mechanic workshop activities on the soil’s heavy metals contamination level in Isoko Community, Niger Delta region of Nigeria
Authors: Akpoedafe Thomas , Owamah T. O. , Atikpo H. O. , Ikpeseni sunday , Alumona Chris , Unuafe SUNDAY , ORUGBA HENRY
Published: September 2023

There is increasing concern on environmental pollution caused by anthropogenic actions. This research was aimed at evaluating the effect of leachates from vehicle mechanic workshops, on the soil’s heavy metals pollution level. A total of 20 soil samples (10 topsoil and 10 subsoil) were collected from 9 active clusters of automobile mechanic workshops, and a reference site. Eight heavy metals – cadmium “Cd”, chromium “Cr”, copper “Cu, iron “Fe”, lead “Pb”, manganese “Mn”, nickel “Ni” and zinc “Zn”- concentration were measured in the soil samples in accordance with ASTM International standard. Thereafter these pollution indices – contamination factor (CF), single pollution index (SPI) and pollution load index (PLI) were used to evaluate the degree of heavy metals pollution in the region’s soil. The results revealed that the mean Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mn, Ni and Zn concentration in the topsoil samples was 0.172 mg/kg, 0.36 mg/kg, 0.64 mg/kg, 159.40 mg/kg, 0.415 mg/kg, 1.39 mg/kg, 0.745 mg/kg and 2.184 mg/kg respectively. While the Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mn, Ni and Zn content in the subsoil was 0.139 mg/kg, 0.274 mg/kg, 0.462 mg/kg, 138.90 mg/kg, 0.349 mg/kg, 1.144 mg/kg, 0.586 mg/kg and 1.793 mg/kg respectively. Furthermore, the pollution indices results indicated that the soil had low level of heavy metals contamination, and can be considered safe for plants and animals. Accumulation of toxic metals in the soil is a major environmental threat; therefore there is need to monitor the activities of automobile mechanics in Nigeria by environmental protection agencies.
The effect of sequential embryo transfer on pregnancy outcomes in patients with repeated implantation failure, A meta analysis
Authors: Xingnan Liu , Na Zhang
Published: September 2023

Purpose: This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effectiveness of sequential embryo transfer (cleavage embryo transfer followed by blastocyst embryo transfer in the same cycle) in patients with repeated implant failure.
Methods: The research was designed in the PICOS format. The search was performed in the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrance Library and Embase databases. The time range was from library building to June 20, 2023. Ultimately, The randomized controlled trial experiments (RCT) comparing sequential embryo transfer groups and control groups on pregnancy outcomes in RIF patients met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta analysis. Five RCT studies and 873 repeated implantation failure patients were enrolled. Risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. The primary outcome measures were implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate. The secondary indicators were miscarriage rate, multiple pregnancy rate, chemical pregnancy rate and ongoing pregnancy rate. The screening of articles was performed with Endnote, and data were analyzed with Review Manager 5.4.
Results: Five RCT articles were finally included. Our results showed that compared with control group, sequential embryo transfer was associated with higher implantation rate (RR= 1.66, 95% CI: 1.34- 2.05, P< 0.00001, I2= 0.0%) and clinical pregnancy rate (RR= 1.58, 95% CI: 1.31- 1.91, P< 0.00001, I2= 18%). And there were no statistically significant differences in miscarriage rate, multiple pregnancy rate, chemical pregnancy rate and ongoing pregnancy rate.
Conclusion: Sequential embryo transfer, contributes to higher implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate in RIF patients, which is instructive for future clinical work.
Identification novel salty-enhancing peptides from sea cucumber collagen: AlphaFold2 modeling and molecular simulation
Authors: Bu Ying , Zhou Yang , Sun Chaonan , Zhu Wenhui , Li Xuepeng , Li Jianrong
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to extract novel salty-enhancing peptides from the collagen of sea cucumber. The model of the transmembrane channel-like 4 (TMC4) salt taste receptor was constructed by AlphaFold2 de novo model, and the interaction between peptides and salt taste receptor was studied by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The results revealed that 99.4% of amino acid residues in the Ramachandran Plot of the TMC4 model resided within the allowed region, thereby substantiating the rationality of the model. The molecular docking results indicated that Gln 279, Glu 92, and Lys 278 may be the key amino acids binding to the TMC4 receptor. The CSRH and KDINNRF showed significant enhancement in saltiness compared to the control group (2.62 ± 0.04), with saltiness values of 3.01 ± 0.00 and 2.86 ± 0.04, respectively. In addition, MD simulation results showed that TMC4 saltiness receptors formed stable RMSD and Rg with salty-enhancing peptides at 0–25 ns simulation time. This study verified that CSRH and KDINNRF are effective salty-enhancing peptides, and also provided a theoretical basis for the discovery of new salty-enhancing peptide resources in marine organisms.
Spontaneous Rupture as the Initial Symptom of Primary Hepatic Carcinosarcoma: A Thorough Case Report with Follow-up Data and Literature Review
Authors: Zhao Zonglei , Wang Tao , Liu Zheng , Zhao Mingwei , Zhang Yang , Cao Xuefeng , Zhang Xingyuan
Published: September 2023

Background
Primary hepatic carcinosarcoma (HCS) is an extremely rare malignant tumor that is composed of a mixture of carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements. However, there have been few reported cases, especially with sufficient records to describe imaging and pathological features, posing the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of HCS significant challenges for clinical physicians. Here, we report and review a case of HCS, including combined imaging findings, analysis of pathology and immunohistochemistry, and clinical features, which will be beneficial for future diagnosis, improving clinical management, and exploring effective treatments to improve survival for HCS patients.
Case presentation:
Here, we report a case of HCS with spontaneous rupture as the initial symptom in a 77-year-old elderly male who was admitted with right upper abdominal pain for 8 days. The computed tomography (CT) enhancement scan revealed a massive, enhanced shadow primarily outside of the liver; hypodense fluid was seen around the liver, which was initially considered a spontaneous rupture of giant primary liver cancer. The patient underwent a laparotomy, but postoperative pathology unexpectedly showed an HCS with spontaneous rupture. Although the primary lesion was successfully removed during the surgery, the tumor recurred only 5 months after surgery and was approximately as large as the initial tumor. Unfortunately, the patient was not a candidate to undergo surgery to remove the recurrent tumor. Just 9 days after his second discharge, the patient passed away at home. His postoperative survival time was only 5 months.
Conclusions
HCS is an extremely rare malignant tumor with high malignancy and poor prognosis, for which there is still no effective therapy. This study demonstrates the imaging characteristics and pathological results of an HCS patient whose initial symptom was a spontaneous rupture hemorrhage and reviews the clinical features of HCS previously reported in the literature. Additional similar cases are needed to clarify the exact diagnosis, and treatment of this disease.
A Rose Is a Rose Is a Rose... Or Is It? Ecotypes versus Locally Sourced Plants for Aquatic Habitat Restoration and Enhancement Projects
Authors: Gettys Lyn A.
Published: September 2023

Horticulturists and agronomists have a long history of using selective breeding to take advantage of intraspecific (within-species) variation with the goal of developing novel varieties of plant species. These efforts are responsible for the availability of countless improved food, forage, and ornamental varieties that are valued by farmers, landscapers, and home gardeners. In contrast, little attention has been paid to the idea of evaluating intraspecific variation to identify plants derived from a specific ecosystem (ecotypes) of native species that could improve the success rate of habitat restoration and enhancement projects, especially in aquatic systems. These projects often specify that plant material used for restoration be collected from local donor sites to preserve the area’s gene pool, but nearby source populations may be nonexistent or may not be well-adapted to conditions at the recipient (transplant) site. This paper, which summarizes information presented at the American Society for Horticultural Science Invasive Plants Research Professional Interest Group workshop in 2022, provides evidence that unimproved, wild-type species can be useful in aquatic habitat restoration and enhancement projects, particularly when conditions at sites targeted for restoration differ from those in nearby systems, or when sites are expected to undergo shifts in conditions because of factors such as climate change.
Digital Transformation of the Higher Education System: Directions and Risks
Authors: Shelepaeva A. Kh.
Published: September 2023

Purpose of research. The higher education system is undergoing changes under the influence of an increasing number of IT solutions used. Transformation changes take place at the organizational, technological, legal, and regulatory levels of management. Each of the directions affects the features of the functioning and development of the higher education system. In the process of their implementation, there are also deviations, risks that need to be, if not eliminated, then at least minimized. The article describes four main directions of development: technical, technological, instrumental, and educational. The types of risks associated with each of the described areas are also highlighted.

Materials and methods. A set of methods was used in the paper: bibliographic (selection of articles by keywords); bibliometric (quantitative characteristics by time parameters); content analysis (method of studying the content of articles); evaluation of keyword queries using Internet services.

Results. An analysis of queries by keywords showed that interest in the issues of digitalization and digital transformation of higher education arose later than in the system of general secondary education. There is a tendency to adapt successful models of digitalization of secondary education and business areas to the activities of the higher education system. Without considering the peculiarities of the functioning and development of the higher education system, we can get negative consequences expressed in different types of risks. The paper highlights financial, form-major, technological, operational, strategic, cognitive, and social risks.

Conclusion. One of the key problems highlighted in the process of analyzing developments in the field of digital transformation of the education system is the consideration of digitalization as means, and not as a catalyst for systemic changes in all areas of activity. Point solutions will not allow you to fully realize the potential of digital solutions. When considering the problems of digitalization and digital transformation, higher education systems are often guided by successful models in the field of secondary general education and / or business environment, which can contribute to the formation of negative consequences when adapting approaches without considering their own specifics.
Radiological Features of Rare Non-odontogenic Lesions of the Jaws
Authors: Akkoyunlu Murat , Bulgurcu Emre , Delilbası Cagrı , Sabir Nuran
Published: September 2023

Background:

The jaws can be affected by several lesions that manifest in the oral cavity, but little is known about non-odontogenic benign and malignant lesions and their radiological findings.

Introduction:

Our aim was to discuss the imaging findings of non-odontogenic jaw lesions to help the surgeon in the diagnosis and formulating a differential diagnosis for this vast spectrum of jaw lesions with overlapping clinical and imaging appearances.

Methods:

CT and MR images of the mandible, maxillofacial region, and neck were retrieved from the archive of the Radiology Department of Pamukkale University for the duration between 2012-2023 and assessed.

Results:

A total of 8125 CT and MR images were retrospectively analyzed. The mean age of the patients was 39.5 years in females and 43.2 in males, with a range varying from 15 to 72 years. Histopathologically approved benign and malignant non-odontogenic lesions were detected in only 19 patients out of 8125 images (0.23%). Osteomyelitis and abscess were the most common (n=3; 0.03%), followed by two cases (n=2; 0.02%) of each fibrous dysplasia, hemangioma, osteosarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and multiple myeloma, and one case (n=1; 0.01%) of each ossifying fibroma, osteoma, lymphoma, metastasis, and solitary bone cyst.

Conclusion:

Although non-odontogenic benign and malignant lesions of the jaw are rare, awareness of the radiological features of these lesions plays an important role in their diagnosis and management.
Review of the Efficacy and Safety of Cannabidiol with a Focus on
Children and Adolescents in the Treatment of Psychiatric
Symptoms and Disorders
Authors: Sun Amanda Yuan , Sullivan Aimee , Leffler Jarrod M , Hammond Christopher J , Hulvershorn Leslie , Miller Leslie
Published: September 2023

Cannabidiol (CBD) is a plant-derived cannabinoid found in cannabis and
hemp plants with broad psychopharmacologic effects and poorly understood
mechanisms of action that may include antioxidant and anti-inflammatory
properties and central nervous system (CNS) modulation of endocannabinoid,
glutamatergic, and serotonergic neurotransmission. This article reviews existing
data on the safety and efficacy of CBD for mental and physical health indications in
the pediatric population and for psychiatric disorders in adults, with a focus on
clinical trials. Searches of PubMed and PsycINFO for articles through October
2021 focused on clinical trials on “cannabidiol” and “seizure” or “psychiatry” in
youth and adults, identifying 686 articles that were then screened and evaluated for
relevance. Research into the safety and efficacy of CBD led to the United States
Food and Drug Administration's approval of Epidolex, a purified pharmaceuticalgrade
CBD medicine, for treating drug-resistant seizures in Dravet syndrome,
Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and tuberous sclerosis complex. Beyond treatment for
rare seizure disorders, CBD has received growing public interest in recent years as
a “natural” treatment for various other medical and psychiatric conditions, resulting
in a rapidly expanding multi-billion-dollar US market for CBD dietary/health
supplements and a growing number of Americans reporting regular use. However,
the growing demand and broad claims of purported benefits have greatly outpaced
the body of literature substantiating its use. Further, limited safety data in pediatric
populations, drug-to-drug interactions between CBD and prescribed medications,
and issues related to mislabeling and contamination have blunted enthusiasm for
CBD in the pediatric healthcare community and indicate a need for additional
research.
Big Data Introduction
Authors: Singh Kaswan Kuldeep , Baliyan Anupam , Dhatterwal Jagjit Singh , Kaiwartya Om Prakash
Published: September 2023

Big Data is a new social and economic development engine worldwide. The
accumulation of data globally is approaching a critical threshold due to recent
innovations in health, education, and other sectors. Data complexity depends on data
volumes, diversity, speed, and truthfulness. These also affect the capacity to find big
data analytics and associated tools.
Big Data Analytics is a significant challenge in developing highly scalable data and
data integration algorithms. New algorithms, methods, systems, and applications in Big
Data Analytics are potential discoveries that will effectively identify valuable and
hidden information in Big Data. This chapter discusses big data, and its history; Big
Data drives the world's modern organizations. There is a need to convert Big Data into
Business Intelligence that enterprises can readily deploy. Better data leads to better
decision-making and improved strategies for organizations.
Human-Computer Interface Introduction
Authors: Singh Kaswan Kuldeep , Baliyan Anupam , Dhatterwal Jagjit Singh , Kaiwartya Om Prakash
Published: September 2023

HCI is creating and developing interactive computer systems in which users
can communicate with each other. It covers both laptops and embedded systems in
various devices. The success of technology comes simply from the user's ease of
interacting with it. The customer will automatically disregard the product or technology
when the interface is wrong or difficult to use. A convenient and easy way of using a
device does not mean that behind such a system is simple technology; a very
sophisticated technology is required to construct it. Functionality and accessibility are
the main principles of HCI. Systems services are customarily called functions.
Functions are commonly referred to as services delivered by a device. Usefulness is
where users simply, correctly, and explicitly use the device's features. Features and
usability could differ between systems. This chapter, “Human-Computer Interface
(HCI)”, deals with man-machine studies or man-machine interaction design, execution
and assessment of computer systems and related phenomena for human use.
HCI with Big Data Analytics
Authors: Singh Kaswan Kuldeep , Baliyan Anupam , Dhatterwal Jagjit Singh , Kaiwartya Om Prakash
Published: September 2023

In healthcare, education, large companies, and scientific research, extensive
data have played a critical role. Big data analytics demand modern tools and
technologies to store, process, and analyse large data volumes. Big data comprise
extensive unstructured data, which needs to be examined in real-time before making
use of it. Many academics are interested in advanced technologies and methods to
tackle the problems in comprehensive data management. The business enterprises,
public sector, and academic institutions have received considerable attention due to
their Big Data. This chapter summarises the latest algorithms involved in Big Data
processing and the associated features, applications, possibilities, and problems. This
chapter also provides an overview of the state-of-the-art algorithms for processing big
data and challenges in human-computer interaction with big data analytics.
A State-Wise Assessment of Greenhouse Gases Emission in India by Applying K-mean Clustering Technique
Authors: Jaglal Untwal Nitin
Published: September 2023

 India is a vast country with variations in geography as well as in population density. The pollution in India is increasing day by day. The Greenhouse gas emission is on the rise due to various activities like agriculture, industry, power generation, transportation, etc. Carbon dioxide (CO2 ), Carbon Monoxide (CO), and Methane (CH4 ) are the major elements in greenhouse gases. The emission of greenhouse gases causes various threats to the environment and health. The states in India have been under development since independence. Various activities are on the rise. The states are not having balanced growth as far as the industrial and agriculture sectors are concerned. The powerhouse of industrial growth is the state of Maharashtra and Gujarat. The population density is also scattered in India. The states contribute differently to greenhouse gases emission and it is difficult for the government to make policy category-wise for the control of greenhouse gases emissions. The classification of states into different categories will help in the strategic formulation of policy and strategy for different states depending on their greenhouse gases emission and per capita analysis of these emissions. The per capita greenhouse gas emission is calculated by dividing the total emissions by the total population. After analyzing the above problem, the researchers have decided to conduct the study titled A state-wise Assessment of greenhouse gas emission in India by applying the K-mean Clustering Technique using Python Programming. Research is carried out in Five steps -Feature extraction and engineering, Data extraction, Standardizing and Scaling, Identification of Clusters, Cluster formation. The study period is 2020. The data selected for analysis is yearly data state-wise of different Indian states. Data taken for the study is from the Kaggle database. Findings - The k- mean algorithm (cluster analysis using Python Programming) classifies the states of India into three clusters. Cluster one includes 16 states of India viz. Arunachal, Assam, Bihar, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Odisha, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand. Cluster two includes 8 states of the India. Viz Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamilnadu, West Bengal. Cluster three includes 4 states of India Viz Haryana, Nagaland, Punjab, Chhattisgarh. The major contributors to greenhouse gase emission are in cluster three.The medium-range emission for greenhouse gases emission are grouped in cluster two and Minimum Range greenhouse gase emission states are included in cluster one.
Role of Functional Foods in the Amelioration of Alzheimer's and Related Diseases
Authors: Pratap G.K. , Jayakar Varsha , Lokapur Vinayak , Shantaram Manjula
Published: September 2023

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological illness that causes a person's memory to deteriorate over time, as well as facing difficulties speaking and performing daily tasks. Alzheimer's disease affects around 42 million people worldwide, and this number is expected to quadruple by 2030. A nutraceutical is a bioactive component of human nutrition that is ready to be employed for disease prevention or therapy. The market for nutraceuticals has risen in the recent decade as public awareness of these compounds has grown, as has their utility in the prevention and treatment of a variety of ailments. Antioxidant-rich diets have been found to protect humans from degenerative diseases, such as cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Plant foods, such as vegetables, fruits, grains, spices, and legumes, have been shown to play important roles in the prevention and treatment of a wide range of chronic diseases by altering many metabolic pathways. Bioactive agents are extra from the functional food and are nutritional elements found naturally in plants that have the potential to have a biological effect. Now, scientists and nutritionists say that the link between nutrition and disease is a relatively recent discovery. The importance of functional foods in the treatment of chronic and neurodegenerative disorders, with a focus on AD, will be highlighted in this chapter.
¿Desplegando resiliencia?: Agricultura familiar y sistemas alimentarios en contexto de Covid-19
Authors: Rengifo Briceño Gabriela , Loli Meléndez Fiorella
Published: September 2023

La Municipalidad Provincial de Huancayo participa del Pacto de Milán, un acuerdo para promover sistemas alimentarios sostenibles que promueve la producción agroecológica. Junín es la primera región, a nivel nacional, en que se ejecuta un piloto de compras públicas de productos frescos para el Programa Nacional de Alimentación Escolar Qali Warma.

Durante los meses más críticos de la pandemia, el precio de la papa en el mercado Maltería de Huancayo llegó a caer hasta los 30 céntimos el kilo y el precio en chacra hasta 10 céntimos. A pesar que las personas naturales representan el grueso del número de las unidades agropecuarias, la mayoría de la superficie agropecuaria es manejada por comunidades campesinas. Así el 88.48% de superficie agropecuaria en Concepción es manejada por comunidades campesinas, el 86.52% en Huancayo, el 81.36% en Jauja, el 75.65% en Tayacaja y el 62.99% en Chupaca.

El porcentaje de unidades agropecuarias en las cinco provincias es menor a 3 hectáreas, siendo Tayacaja la que presenta un 83% de tierras menores a 3 hectáreas y Huancayo con un 91%.
HUMANIZANDO EL SISTEMA DE ATENCIÓN INTEGRAL: DEL DISCURSO POLÍTICO A LA DEFENSA DE LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS DE LAS SOBREVIVIENTES
Authors: Barrantes Carmen Luisa
Published: September 2023

La investigación sobre las representaciones sociales (RS) de las sobrevivientes de trata con fines de explotación sexual y de quienes administran justicia y asumen su tutela y cuidado aporta información sobre su impacto en la vida después del rescate. La centralidad del prejuicio respecto a la explotación sexual es un elemento común entre todos los actores. Otro elemento común es el traslado parcial de la responsabilidad del delito hacia la sobreviviente y sus familias, culpando a las primeras por su conducta y a las segundas por su negligencia en el cuidado. Se individualiza las responsabilidades y se despolitiza el tema, liberando al Estado de su responsabilidad por generar condiciones propiciadoras para la trata de personas. Luego de su rescate una nueva relación asimétrica de poder las subordina y revictimiza al limitar sus derechos humanos bajo el argumento de protegerlas.
El Value at Risk (VaR) y su aplicación en la medición del riesgo de interés estructural
Authors: García García Abel
Published: September 2023

El presente artículo pretende aportar alternativas que mejoren la metodología regulatoria de medición de riesgo de interés estructural para el valor económico. Para ello, se exploran los diversos modelos existentes utilizados para la medición del riesgo de interés estructural para el valor económico, se calculan las distintas métricas resultantes de dichos modelos para los quince bancos del sistema financiero peruano, y se compara la metodología regulatoria con la metodología Value at Risk (para el cálculo del capital económico por riesgo de interés estructural), tanto en resultados como en procedimientos, evaluando las posibles falencias que se pueden encontrar en el modelo regulatorio, así como las posibles ventajas que tendría la metodología Value at Risk de medición de riesgo de interés estructural para el valor económico. Por ello, se proponen alternativas de mejora en la metodología regulatoria, las que se basan en la búsqueda la precisión en la distribución por tramos de vencimiento de los epígrafes del balance, la mejor precisión de ciertos tipos de flujos, mediciones más ácidas, análisis adicionales (escenarios de stress, planes de contingencia) y el uso del Value at Risk para la medición del capital económico por riesgo de interés estructural.
DISEÑO E IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE UN SISTEMA DE CONTROL DE POSICIÓN DIGITAL PREDICTIVO PARA UN MOTOR DC SUJETO A CARGAS NO LINEALES
Authors: Benites Saravia Raúl
Published: September 2023

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ALGORITMO DE ETIQUETAS PARA EL PROBLEMA DE FLUJO MÁXIMO
Authors: Perez Cupe Rósulo
Published: September 2023

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IMPLEMENTACIÓN EN TIEMPO REAL DE UN SISTEMA DE CONTROL NO LINEAL DE POSICIÓN MULTIVARIABLE POR MODO DESLIZANTE
Authors: Rojas Moreno Arturo , Rodríguez Bustinza Ricardo
Published: September 2023

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False Beliefs About Diabetes Mellitus in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Rashad Brisik H. , Abdi Basheer A. , Naqid Ibrahim A. , Hussein Nawfal R. , Mosa Ahmed A. , Dawoud Laween Hashim , Elyas Ramis Imad , Abdulrahman Halima Adill
Published: September 2023

Background. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic, non-transmissible health condition distinguished by high blood glucose levels caused by faulty insulin secretion and impaired insulin activity. People play an essential role in preventing and managing their illnesses. Thus, the misconceptions may negatively influence the prevention and management of DM. The aim of this study was to gauge the extent of knowledge among the general population concerning DM, to determine the prevalence of misconceptions about DM in the community, and to find the factors influencing them. Methods. A population-based study was conducted in Duhok Province, the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. A total of 2,305 adults were enrolled in the study. The study data were collected by face-to-face interview. The survey questionnaire comprised two sections: the first section included basic demographic characteristics of participants, while the second section consisted of ten questions to identify common misconceptions about DM among participants. Results. Among the participants, there were 1,406 (61.0%) females. Participants’ age ranged from 18 to 90 years (the mean age: 54 ± 13.69 years). The most common misconceptions positively responded to were “Will I become addicted to insulin if I start taking it?”, followed by“ Does DM occur because of increased sugar intake?”. Male gender was associated with higher level of misconceptions. In addition, the misconceptions were more prevalent among diabetics as they might seek treatment from non-professionals. There was a significant association between education status and the prevalence of misconceptions. Healthcare workers were found to have a better knowledge about DM compared to the general population. Surprisingly, certain myths were prevalent even among healthcare workers. Conclusions. Certain myths and misconceptions have been pervasive in our society. Actions must be taken to dispel these misconceptions as they lead to an avoidable burden of disease. Therefore, people’s knowledge of DM needs to be enhanced through educational programs, social media, television, newspapers and campaigns.
Civil society of Western Ukraine and Europe in the context of the Ukrainian Holodomor events of 1932-1933
Authors: Levyk Bohdan
Published: September 2023

The article examines the Holodomor national tragedy of 1932-1933 in the context of the reaction to it by the population of neighboring Ukraine and more distant countries, as well as international organizations. It is emphasized that the Holodomor was a deliberate action of the communist authorities against the Ukrainian peasantry as a source of disobedience to the authorities and national resistance. It is shown that despite the efforts of the Bolshevik government to hide the glaring facts of the famine and the conformist support of the majority of foreign journalists accredited in the USSR, this information still received publicity in the world thanks to individual journalists of influential British newspapers and the work of foreign embassies and consulates in the USSR. It provoked a civil wave of help in various countries, but did not cause official condemnation of the Bolshevik policy by the member states of the League of Nations and the Catholic Church as an influential player in the international politics of the time. The role of public organizations and the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church in the organization of assistance to illegal refugees from Ukraine and protest movements condemning the policy of the USSR towards Ukrainian peasants is considered. It was concluded that the first and subsequent recognitions of the Holodomor of 1932-1933 in Ukraine as genocide at the level of influential countries and international organizations, as well as the criminal proceedings carried out in Ukraine on the fact of committing the crime of genocide of 1932-1933 in Ukraine as a crime against humanity permit modern Ukrainians not only to consolidate the memory of the Holodomor as a significant historical narrative for the entire society, but also to re-understand this traumatic experience, renewing the nation and its values and outlook guidelines.