bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECT OF ADDING VARIOUS TYPES OF ANTIOXIDANT MATERIALS ON THE MOTILITY AND VIABILITY OF BULL SEMEN: A LITERATURE RIVIEW
Authors: Ridlo Muhammad Rosyid , Tjahajati Ida , Zein Moch Dea , Ali Dzul Himam Isnan , Fatkhurohman Muhammad
Published: October 2023

The quality of the cement used for Artificial Insemination (AI) influences the success of AI. The quality of frozen semen can be maintained by adding diluents that contain nutrients to maintain the viability of spermatozoa, prevent cold shock during freezing, and maintain the same osmotic pressure and pH as sperm cells. Spermatozoa also require antioxidants to protect against damage due to reactive oxygen species (ROS). This research aims to determine various types of antioxidants on the motility and viability of spermatozoa from cow semen. The method we use is a literature study which summarizes several pieces of literature whose library sources come from journals and articles searched via Google Scholar. Library sources are selected based on their correlation with the title of the literature study being reviewed. The research results show that the use of green tea antioxidants which contain EGCG, virgin coconut oil and commercial vitamin E which contains tocopherol, genistein with isoflavone content, fish oil with omega 3 content can inhibit lipid peroxidation and provide cell protection against oxidative damage from ROS. The results of the previous literature study certainly still require a lot of development. Therefore, further testing can be carried out to check the accuracy of the research data.
Hemoglobin cast nephropathy: a rare but serious complication of hemolysis in a pediatric patient
Authors: Baltu Demet , Oral Nihan Avcu , Kesici Selman , Topaloğlu Rezan , Özcebe Osman İlhami , Aksu Tekin , Orhan Diclehan , Özaltın Fatih
Published: October 2023

Background. Intravascular hemolysis is a serious and rare condition in children and causes the release of hemoglobin and heme into circulation, which have proinflammatory properties. These substances lead to inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and organelle dysfunction that lead to acute kidney injury (AKI). We report a pediatric case diagnosed with hemolysis-associated hemoglobin cast nephropathy due to autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
Case. A 4-year-old boy, who was admitted to another hospital with complaints of fever and dark urine for one day, developed anemia and kidney failure in the follow-up, was referred to our hospital. In physical examination, pallor and icterus on the sclera were noted. The patient had low hemoglobin and haptoglobin levels concomitant with high levels of serum lactate dehydrogenase, urea and creatinine. A peripheral blood smear showed marked spherocytes without schistocytes. A kidney biopsy was performed due to ongoing overt hemolysis and dialysis requirement, which showed findings consistent with hemoglobin cast nephropathy. Although the initial polyspecific direct antiglobulin test (DAT) was negative, due to persistent intravascular hemolysis DAT was studied monospecifically and showed IgM antibody positivity. Therefore, a diagnosis of autoimmune hemolytic anemia was made, and corticosteroid treatment was started. Hemolysis immediately ceased and the need for erythrocyte transfusion and dialysis disappeared.
Conclusions. Acute kidney injury associated with hemoglobin cast nephropathy is an extremely rare condition in childhood. Although the initial course is severe and potentially life-threatening, the prognosis is favorable with the treatment of the underlying cause and management of AKI. Therefore, pediatricians should be aware of this rare clinical entity during clinical practice.
Sociodemographic and social barriers to early detection of autism
Authors: Kul Müslüm , Dağ Pelin , Akdağ Berhan , Kara Mahmut Zabit
Published: October 2023

Background. The increasing incidence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a common finding of many studies. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment approaches for ASD can provide favourable clinical outcomes. This study aimed to determine the factors affecting the age at diagnosis, in children with ASD.
Methods. Two hundred and two cases diagnosed with ASD were included in the study, according to the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria, at the Mersin City Training and Research Hospital Child and Adolescent Psychiatry outpatient clinics, between April 2021 and August 2022. Clinical features and sociodemographic data that may be related to early diagnosis were investigated.
Results. The mean age at diagnosis was 36.76 ± 15.30 months. In 71.3% of cases parents were the first to suspect that children were developmentally different. In 38.1% of the cases, at least one of the parents denied the symptoms and evaluated their child`s development as age-appropriate. It was found that 32.7% of the cases evaluated by pediatricians and 32.5% of cases evaluated by family physicians, were referred to child psychiatry examination. The present study revealed that higher educational level of the father and the middlehigh socioeconomic status, were associated with early diagnosis. There was also a positive correlation between paternal age and age at diagnosis.
Conclusions. The age at diagnosis is below the target level for early diagnosis. Studies should focus on increasing awareness of health professionals and parents about ASD.
Investigation of adolescents and their mothers in terms of nomophobia
Authors: Çelik Yusuf Selman , Alan Burcu Ersöz
Published: October 2023

Background. Nomophobia (NoMP) is the fear of being unable to interact with others via mobile phones and is a current topic in adolescents` mental health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between NoMP in adolescents and their mothers` level of NoMP.
Methods. The levels of depression, anxiety, attention deficit/hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms, NoMP, and perceived parental emotional availability were examined.
Results. One hundred fifty-five adolescents (60% girls) were included in the study with their mothers. Ninetythree (60%) adolescents (67.7% girls) and 64 (41.3%) mothers were classified as nomophobic. There was a positive correlation between the NoMP levels of adolescents and their mothers. Nomophobic girls perceived less paternal support. All psychopathologic symptoms were higher in the nomophobic mothers. There was no difference between nomophobic and non-nomophobic adolescents in terms of maternal psychopathologies.
Conclusions. We suggest that parental effects should be investigated during the assessment of NoMP, especially in adolescent girls. The phone usage habits of mothers and their relationship with their adolescent children were closely associated with adolescent NoMP.
EXPLORING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTERCULTURAL SENSITIVITY AND LANGUAGE LEARNING MOTIVATION: A STUDY ON EFL UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS AT A VIETNAMESE UNIVERSITY
Authors: Nguyen Huyen-Thanh
Published: October 2023

This research was conducted to investigate the relationship between intercultural sensitivity and language learning motivation among EFL undergraduate students at Hanoi University, a public higher education institution in Hanoi, Vietnam. The findings revealed a positive correlation between intercultural sensitivity and language learning motivation as EFL students had high levels of both factors, yet students seemed to lack confidence in intercultural communication. It is suggested that the teacher should communicate with EFL students about the importance of intercultural communicative competence, intercultural sensitivity, and language learning motivation. Besides, the course on intercultural sensitivity should also be embedded in the curriculum.
GENERIC STRUCTURE POTENTIAL ANALYSIS OF VIETNAMESE PRECEDENTS
Authors: Tuan Ly Phan
Published: October 2023

Genre is the linguistic level that is of interest to many researchers as evident in a large number of research papers related to genre analysis. In linguistics, genre analysis also has several directions of research with distinct techniques. In this paper, the theory of Generic Structure Potential, which was developed by Hasan Ruquaiya (1989), was used to investigate the macrostructure of legal discourse. The legal discourse chosen to examine was Vietnamese precedents. The method used in this article was the descriptive method through content analysis from the qualitative approach. The result of this study showed the macrostructure of Vietnamese precedents from the perspective of Generic Structure Potential. The article contributed to the picture of genre analysis with a variety of legal discourses. The description of the macrostructure helps to characterize the cultural context of Vietnamese precedent discourses that is considered as a stratum of discourse analysis from the perspective of Systemic Functional Linguistics.
JACK LONDON AND ERNEST HEMINGWAY: THE SIMILARITIES IN BUILDING CHARACTERS’ SELF-CONSCIOUSNESS AND SELF-MANAGEMENT IN “TO BUILD A FIRE”, “THE LAW OF LIFE”, AND “THE SNOWS OF KILIMANJARO”
Authors: Thi Oanh Doan
Published: October 2023

Jack London and Ernest Hemingway are among eminent American writers of the twentieth century. With a desire to express the importance of emotional intelligence in literature, this article aims to find out how self-consciousness is expressed in short stories, namely “The law of life”, “To build a fire”, and “The snows of Kilimanjaro”. A qualitative method is undertaken to collect vital data for investigating self-consciousness and conclusions. Findings show that the direct correlation between self-consciousness and self-management impacts the final result of the characters. Moreover, this research figures out the similarities of two authors in using writing techniques to build characters’ self-consciousness. As a result, a deeper insight into London’s and Hemingway’s works and their resemblances concerning character building are provided.
Diversity and distribution of vetiver grass (Chrysopogan zizanioides (L) Roberty) and its manifold uses: A review
Authors: Pandey Ankit , Tiwari S C
Published: October 2023

During the last few decades essential oils derived from different herbs and aromatic plants have received a growing focus of scientific investigation due to their multifunctional uses beyond their traditional roles as food additives and scents. Over 3000 species have been identified as medicinal plants that produce essential oils. Vetiver grass has wide range of diversity throughout the world with diverse genotype variability. It has multifarious uses in various agricultural, medicinal, aromatic, engineering, conservational and in industrial sector. The C. zizanioides is well known in various regions of South Asia, Southeast Asia, and West Africa. Vetiver roots, particularly those from Karnataka, have been utilised to make herbal drinks that are energising to combat tiredness. The vetiver grass, referred as "vetiver" or "vetiver–vetiver" in India, serves a variety of purposes in aromatic, pharmaceuticals, food, and beverage industries. This paper presents a review of the diversity & distribution of this crop along with its various uses and applications.
Effect of seed pelleting on yield and storage quality in Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill)
Authors: Nikumbhe Prashant H , Shivanna Shantharaja C
Published: October 2023

The current investigation on the effect of seed pelleting on germination, plant establishment and seed yield in fennel was carried out in two seasons during Rabi 2017 and 2018. The experiment consisted of 17 seed pelleting treatments along with the control. Field emergence (93.1 %), umbels per plant (26.61) and seed yield (1376 kg ha-1) were highest in seeds pelleted with Lignite +Azospirillum and higher number of seeds per plant (397) was obtained in Lignite+Gum Arabic, whereas, days to 50 % field emergence, plant height and test weight showed non-significant differences among the treatments. Lignite + gum Arabic pelleting recorded maximum seed germination (65 %) at the end of six months storage period. In general, seeds pelleted with Lignite and coated with Azospirillum showed better performance both in terms of yield and storability.
Diet and nutrition strategies for cancer prevention: A comprehensive review
Authors: Hinduja Divya Bharathi , Dhanu A. S. , Swamy G. G. , Murugesan Karthikeyan , Elango Boojhana , Murali Uthamalingam , Rashid Mamunur , Mathanmohun Maghimaa , Basalingappa Kanthesh M.
Published: October 2023

Maintaining a healthy diet is crucial for preventing cancer, as it provides the essential nutrients needed for proper physiological functioning. It is predicted that simple lifestyle and dietary changes can lessen the risk of developing 30-40% of all malignancies. Obesity, the consumption of nutrient-deficient foods such as sugary and refined flour products, which can lead to impaired glucose metabolism and, eventually, diabetes, a lack of dietary fiber, an excess of red meat, and an imbalance in the consumption of omega-3 and omega-6 fats are all risk factors for cancer. To reduce your risk of cancer, include flax seeds, a variety of fruits and vegetables, and dietary fiber in your diet. Additionally, there is proof that nutritional supplements may help lower the risk of breast cancer recurrence. To prevent various types of cancer, it is important to include vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and specific fatty acids in your diet, alongside engaging in regular physical exercise. Furthermore, it is crucial to use advances in genetics and molecular biology to extend nutritional research from observational studies to demonstrating causative linkages. Cancer prevention strategies that involve dietary changes targeted at specific groups should be based on a thorough understanding of these fundamental principles. Such dietary methods can be effective as well as in cancer prevention but also cancer rehabilitation. This review investigates the relationship between cancer and diet, examines straightforward approaches to incorporating cancer-preventive foods into one’s diet, investigates the impact of dietary variables and lifestyle choices on the risk of cancer, and investigates clinical studies focused on nutrition and cancer prevention.
High Vacuum Capable Fused Filament Fabrication 3D Printer, Part I: Low-Temperature Polymers and Early Lessons Learned
Authors: Spicer Randy , Miranda Fatima , Cote Tom , Itchkawich Tom , Black Jonathan
Published: October 2023

On-orbit manufacturing and assembly have become major research and development topics for government and commercial entities seeking the capability to build very large structures in space. Additive manufacturing is well suited to this paradigm since the process is highly automated, produces little material waste, and allows for a large degree of geometric freedom. This paper presents a design for a 3D printer that operates in high vacuum. The vacuum 3D printer has completed multiple thermal vacuum test campaigns, with dozens of parts printed to date using low-temperature thermoplastics. Testing of material coupons shows that samples printed in vacuum have strength properties generally within a standard deviation of samples printed at ambient pressure. The overall results from multiple successful tests of the vacuum 3D printer promote the feasibility of on-orbit additive manufacturing while exposed to the space environment. This paper is part one of a two-part series. Part I presents the results using a low-temperature hotend capable of printing hobby-grade materials and documents some initial findings and lessons learned for applying FFF in vacuum. Part II presents the results for a high-temperature hotend capable of printing engineering grade plastics that are suitable for on-orbit manufacturing. The combined results of the two papers in this series can be used to inform future on-orbit additive manufacturing applications as well as potential uses on future moon missions.
Aerodynamic Effects of Surface Protuberance Size on Slender-Bodied Supersonic Vehicle
Authors: Nimura Kazuki , Tsutsui Fumiya , Kitamura Keiichi , Nonaka Satoshi
Published: October 2023

The presence of protuberances can create an asymmetric flowfield, which contributes to side forces in slender-bodied launch vehicles. In this study, we conduct numerical calculations using a supercomputer at Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) on a slender body with a different-sized protuberance at Mach 1.5 to systematically determine the aerodynamic effects of the protuberance size. The protuberance size is varied in its height and width. According to the results, it is demonstrated that the side force significantly increases when the height of the protuberance increases. This is because, the higher the protuberance, the farther the wake vortex produced by the protuberance moved away from the body. Consequently, the flow asymmetry between the protuberance side and clean side is augmented, and the side force increases. In contrast, the side force is almost constant when only the width of the protuberance is changed. The results of this study indicate that when attaching the protuberance to the vehicles the height of the protuberance should be lowered, and the width of the protuberance should be increased to secure the volume of the protuberance and reduce the increase in side force.
Fully Coupled Analysis of Aerothermoelastic Deformation of a Scramjet Inlet
Authors: Horing Jennifer A. , Boyd Iain D. , Maute Kurt K.
Published: October 2023

Although supersonic combustion ramjets—scramjets—provide a fuel-efficient method for propulsion at hypersonic speeds, current challenges with the engine prohibit the robustness necessary for space accessibility and trans-atmospheric flight. One such challenge the engine faces is the vehicle and inlet’s compliance under harsh thermal and mechanical loads at hypersonic speeds. The deformation of the inlet has ramifications on the downstream components and the engine as a whole, creating conditions outside of the original design envelope. Additionally, the deformations impact the vehicle’s aerodynamic performance due to the integrated airframe/inlet design. One mitigation technique that works in tandem with thermal management is active cooling. It is important to understand the impacts of active cooling on the inlet and engine performance; in order to do so, a multiphysics modeling approach is used to capture the coupled aerothermostructural response of the inlet, and a multifidelity approach is used to model the remaining components of the scramjet. The system is found to be extremely sensitive to the changes in deformation, leading to increased flow separation and heating and to deviations of the engine performance and efficiency from the original design point.
Backup Plan Constrained Model Predictive Control with Guaranteed Stability
Authors: Tao Ran , Kim Hunmin , Yoon Hyung-Jin , Wan Wenbin , Hovakimyan Naira , Sha Lui , Voulgaris Petros
Published: October 2023

This paper proposes and evaluates a new safety concept called backup plan safety for path planning of autonomous vehicles under mission uncertainty using model predictive control (MPC). Backup plan safety is defined as the ability to complete an alternative mission when the primary mission is aborted. To include this new safety concept in control problems, we formulate a feasibility maximization problem aiming to maximize the feasibility of the primary and alternative missions. The feasibility maximization problem is based on multi-objective MPC, where each objective (cost function) is associated with a different mission and balanced by a weight vector. Furthermore, the feasibility maximization problem incorporates additional control input horizons toward the alternative missions on top of the control input horizon toward the primary mission, denoted as multihorizon inputs, to evaluate the cost for each mission. We develop the backup plan constrained MPC algorithm, which designs the weight vector that ensures asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system, and generates the optimal control input by solving the feasibility maximization problem with computational efficiency. The performance of the proposed algorithm is validated through simulations of an unmanned aerial vehicle path planning problem.
Predictive Mental Workload Modeling Methodology for Single-Pilot Operations System Design
Authors: Li Min , Wang Miao , Wang Guoqing , Chen Yong , Zhong Kelin
Published: October 2023

Predictive mental workload model is an important tool for evaluating early single-pilot operations (SPO) system design and can be used to explore the impact of different function allocation decisions before prototype or simulator implementation. To build this model, this paper proposes a methodology based on task analysis. Firstly, it selects the approach and landing scenario of the current two-pilot operations (TCO) and completes the task description of the TCO using the hierarchical task analysis. Secondly, it identifies the function allocation requirements for the transition from TCO to SPO using the work domain analysis and proposes the original function allocation decisions based on the SPO’s system framework. Finally, it creates the predictive mental workload model for evaluating different SPO system design options based on temporal network and multiple resource theory. The researchers use the created model to evaluate the original function allocation decisions and find that the designed SPO system has instantaneous workload values that exceed the upper limit at multiple time points. By analyzing the causes of these problems, the researchers introduce audible warnings and visual indicators to the SPO system to improve design decisions and evaluate these decisions. The results show that the continuous workload profile and overall average workload of the redesigned SPO system are better than the current TCO system, and also prove that the predictive mental workload model can be well applied to evaluate the system design of early SPO.
Can Artificial Intelligence aid communication? Considering the possibilities of GPT-3 in Palliative care
Authors: Srivastava Rajashree , Srivastava Shikha
Published: October 2023

Objectives:

This article reviews the developments in artificial intelligence (AI) technologies and their current and prospective applications in endof-life communications. It uses Open AI’s generative pre-trained transformer 3 (GPT-3) as a case study to understand the possibilities of AI-aided communication in Palliative Care.

Material and Methods:

Open AI’s GPT-3 was taken as a case study where responses were generated through the GPT-3 beta playground (Davinci engine) and were scrutinised by six mental health professionals (MHPs) working in a palliative care setting in India. They were tasked to evaluate the responses generated by the AI (the identity was not revealed until a part of the study was completed) in a simulated palliative care conversation with another MHP posing as a patient. The aim was to undermine whether the professionals were able to detect that the responses were indeed generated by a machine and did they approve or disapprove of the responses.

Results:

The GPT-3 playground with the right prompts produced remarkable, often surprising texts and responses that imitated human interaction. However, glitches such as redundancy were noticed along with strongly held opinions in certain questions related to faith, death, and life after death.

Conclusion:

AI-assisted communication in palliative care could be used to train professionals in the palliative care field using it as a simulation in training. It could also be used as a therapeutic intervention for the purpose of engagement and philosophical dialogue after certain modifications. However, it would have its own limitations such as it cannot replace a human agent just yet.
MEREDUKSI BEBAN ANGIN DENGAN TRANSFORMASI BENTUK TEKNIK EXTRUDE DALAM FOLDING ARCHITECTURE (STUDI KASUS HOTEL MAHKOTA SINGKAWANG)
Authors: Sinaga Gian Vicky Aristo , Zain Zairin , Purnomo Yudi
Published: October 2023

Wind load is one of the main calculations in architectural design, and in the initial process, a designer is more dominant in directing shapes based on structure rather than expressing himself in the form of his design work. While form is the basic element that appears in architectural work, there are various methods of finding forms that have appeared in the development of architectural science. For this reason, the concept of folding architecture is focused on how to process shapes, using the "folding extrude" technique to produce shapes that can reduce the amount of wind load. The object taken in this study is a tall building, with the chosen case study namely the Mahkota Hotel Singkawang, which is the tallest building in West Kalimantan Province. This study raises the simulation process to be carried out by digital simulation with Computational Fluid Dynamics in Autodesk CFD software. The results of this study are from the transformation of the folding extrude technique which has the same shape as one of the architectural elements. From the results of a comparison of the wind load on the surface of ordinary buildings and the results of the folding extrude form, it is proven to be able to reduce wind loads by 15.1%.
Evaluating mass spectrometry based hydroxyl radical protein foot-printing of a benchtop Flash oxidation system against a synchrotron X-ray beamline.
Authors: Jain Rohit , Dhillon Nanak S. , Vijayalakshmi Kanchustambham , Lodowski David T. , Farquhar Erik R. , Kiselar Janna , Chance Mark R.
Published: October 2023

Hydroxyl radical protein footprinting (HRPF) using synchrotron X-ray radiation and mass spectrometry is a well-validated structural biology method that is providing critical insights into macromolecular dynamics. Numerous alternative sources for HRPF such as laser photolysis and plasma irradiation complement synchrotron-based HRPF. A recently developed commercially available instrument based on flash lamp photolysis, the Fox® system, enables access to laboratory benchtop HRPF. Here, we evaluate the feasibility of standardizing HRPF experiments in-house with a benchtop Fox® instrument as a precursor to synchrotron-based X-ray footprinting at the NSLS-II XFP beamline. Using lactate oxidase enzyme (LOx) as a model system, we carried out hydroxyl radical (•OH) labeling experiments using both instruments, followed by nanoLC-MS/MS bottom-up peptide mass mapping. Experiments were performed with high glucose concentrations to mimic highly scavenging conditions in biological buffers and human clinical samples, where less •OH are available for reaction with the biomolecule(s) of interest. The performance of the Fox® and XFP HRPF methods was compared, and we found that tuning •OH dosage enabled an optimum labeling coverage for both setups under physiologically relevant highly scavenging conditions. Our study demonstrates the complementarity of Fox® and XFP labeling approaches, showing that benchtop instruments such as Fox® photolysis system can increase throughput and accessibility of HRPF technology.
An Accurate and Universal Method for the Anharmonic Vibrational Analysis of the Raman Active C≡C Stretch of Terminal Alkynes
Authors: Streu Kristina , Hunsberger Sara , Patel Jeanette , Wan Xiang , Daly Jr. Clyde A.
Published: October 2023

The terminal alkyne C≡C stretch has a large Raman scattering cross section in the “silent” region for biomolecules. This has led to many Raman tag and probe studies using molecules with this moiety. Computational investigation of these systems is vital to aid in the interpretation of the results. In this work, we develop a localized normal mode discrete variable representation (DVR) method for computing terminal alkyne vibrational frequencies and transition isotropic polarizabilities which can easily and accurately be applied to any terminal alkyne molecule. The errors of localization to the terminal alkyne moiety, anharmonic normal mode isolation, and discretization of the Born-Oppenheimer potential energy surface are quantified and found to oppose each other. This results in a method with low error compared to other anharmonic vibrational methods like VPT2 and experiment. Several density functionals are tested using the method, and TPSS-D3 is found to perform surprisingly well. Additionally, diffuse functions are found to be important for the accuracy of computed frequencies. Finally, the computation of vibrational properties like transition isotropic polarizabilities and the universality of the normal mode atomic displacements across molecules are demonstrated.
QD-based biosensors for protein assembly and mechanosensing
Authors: Ntadambanya Audrey , Pernier Julien , David Violaine , Susumu Kimihiro , Medintz Igor , Collot Mayeul , Klymchenko Andrey , Hildebrandt Niko , Le Clainche Christophe , Cardoso Dos Santos Marcelina
Published: October 2023

Understanding the mechanisms of assembly and disassembly of macromolecular structures in cells relies on solving biomolecular interactions. However, those interactions often remain unclear because tools to track molecular dynamics are not sufficiently resolved in time or space. In this study, we present a straightforward method for resolving inter- and intra-molecular interactions in the adhesive machinery, using Quantum Dot based FRET nanosensors. First, we measured the interaction between Talin, a key protein responsible for force transmission in focal adhesions, and the membrane. We quantified the distances separating Talin and the membrane in three Talin variants and predict their conformations using AlphaFold. Secondly, we investigated the mechanosensing capabilities of Talin. Sensitive unfolding mechanism of the protein, initiated by cytoskeleton contraction, was measured with nanometer precision. Thus, for the first time, biosensors enabled the observation of a 2 nm extension of Talin as a mechanosensitive response to actin-myosin contraction.
7-Oxa-2,3-diazanorbornene (ODAN): A One-Step Accessible Monomer for Living ROMP to Produce Backbone-Biodegradable Polymers
Authors: Wang Xiaoyang , Wen Yixing , Wang Yu , Li Wei , Lu Xueguang , You Wei
Published: October 2023

Traditional ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) reactions exhibit broad functional group compatibility and precise control over polymer architectures, albeit with non-biodegradable backbones. Recent progress has resulted in a series of biode-gradable ROMP products with diverse cleavable functional groups, yet the majority of the monomers display moderate to low ring strain, which restricts their living polymerization reactivity. In this study, a novel category of readily available 7-oxa-2,3-diazanorbornenes (ODAN) is presented, which exhibits the highest ring strain (22.8 kcal/mol) compared to existing degradable ROMP monomers. This trait endows ODAN with the ability to perform living polymerization reactions, generating narrowly dis-persed homopolymers, block copolymers, and statistical copolymers with various cyclic olefin comonomers, thereby enabling pre-cise control over distribution of the biodegradable functional groups. Additionally, the resultant polymers comprise directly con-nected allyl hemiaminal ether and urethane units, which are hydrolysable at controllable rates. Thus, these well-defined, structure-tunable, and backbone-biodegradable ROMP polymers are applied as nano-etching materials and biodegradable delivery carriers.
Thermodynamics of Water and Ice from a Fast and Scalable First-Principles Neuroevolution Potential
Authors: Chen Zekun , Berrens Margaret L. , Chan Kam-Tung , Fan Zheyong , Donadio Davide
Published: October 2023

Machine learning potentials enable molecular dynamics simulations to exceed the size and time scales that can be accessed by first-principles methods like density functional theory, while still maintaining the accuracy of the underlying training dataset. However, accurate machine learning potentials come with relatively high computational costs that limit their ability to predict properties requiring extensive sampling, large simulation cells, or long runs to converge. Here, we have developed and tested a neuroevolution-potential model for water trained to hybrid dispersion-corrected density functional calculations. This model exhibits accuracy and transferability comparable to state-of-the-art machine learning potentials but at a much lower computational cost. As a result, it enabled us to compute well-converged thermodynamics averages and fluctuations. This allowed us to assess the ability of our model to reproduce several thermodynamic properties of water and ice, as well as the anomalous behavior of water density, heat capacity, and compressibility. The efficient GPU acceleration of our model and its capability to reproduce water thermodynamics in good agreement with experiments make it suitable for simulating phase transitions and slow dynamical processes in aqueous systems.
Deepfake
Authors: Herke Csongor
Published: October 2023

A deepfake is a video, audio or other content (e.g. image) that is completely or partially fabricated or created by manipulating existing, real content. Just as fake news calls into question the authenticity of real news, deepfake also calls into question the authenticity of real content. At the same time, deepfake has many advantages in addition to its often mentioned dangers. Following a historical overview of deepfake, the study describes these benefits and dangers, and then discusses possible legal responses after presenting tools for detecting deepfake.
Okos szerződések, blokklánc-technológia és egy gondolatkísérlet mindezek alkalmazására a közigazgatásban
Authors: Czékmann Zsolt , Kovács László , Czibrik Eszter
Published: October 2023

The study focuses on smart contracts, emphasizing the opportunities provided by blockchain technology. The main research method used is an examination of relevant domestic and foreign sources on the topic, such as studies and legislation. In addition, we formulate a proposal on how smart contracts and blockchain technology could be applied in public administration, focusing on the real estate registration procedure.
Kockázatok és mellékhatások
Authors: Horváth Attila , Ungvári Álmos
Published: October 2023

In recent years, several judicial and constitutional court decisions have been handed down worldwide on the legality and constitutionality of the fundamental rights restrictive measures (including compulsory vaccination) imposed during the pandemic. Aside from Austria, Italy has imposed compulsory vaccination more widely than any other European country; moreover, the lack of vaccination has made it impossible for citizens to live their daily lives to such an extent that some scholars have even written of de facto compulsory vaccination. In December 2022, the Italian Constitutional Court ruled in three judgments against the petitions related to compulsory vaccination. After outlining the legal context and the scholars’ positions on mandatory Covid vaccination, this paper examines these decisions, focusing on the arguments on which the Court saw justification for compulsory vaccination.
A térbeli védjegyekre vonatkozó európai uniós joggyakorlat iránymutatásai a védjegyreform tükrében
Authors: Vigh Beáta
Published: October 2023

The case-law developed by the European Court of Justice aims to ensure consistency and legal certainty in the registration of EU three-dimensional trademarks. It interacts closely with the legislative amendments introduced by the trademark reform, which aim to make the registration procedure for EU trademarks more flexible and transparent, thanks to the European Court of Justice's work in interpreting and developing the law. The problem of the definition and registration procedure of three-dimensional marks is an important issue in EU trademark case law, as this category of marks is the most popular of the non-traditional marks for which the trademark reform provides a legal framework, but also overlaps with other forms of intellectual property protection.
Computer Simulation System of Nonlinear Thermal Conductivity
Authors: Hariachevska Iryna , Protektor Denys , Usatenko Emiliia
Published: October 2023

The article discusses the computer simulation system of nonlinear processes that described by the one-dimensional nonstationary heat equation with power-law nonlinearity. The solution of the nonlinear heat equation is realized by meshless scheme, which is based on combination of the collocation method and radial basis functions. Radial basis functions are used to approximate the solution of a partial differential equation, while the collocation method is used to determine unknown coefficients. The computer simulation system allows is used the following radial basis functions: Gaussian, multiquadric, inverse quadratic, and inverse multiquadric. The computer simulation system allows setting the initial and boundary conditions of the boundary-value problem. In the computer simulation system, it is possible to set such parameters of the solution as the exponent in the nonlinear heat equation, the coefficient of thermal conductivity, the density, the specific heat at constant pressure, the size of the domain of the boundary-value problem, the distance between interpolation nodes, the time interval of the nonstationary boundary-value problem, the time step, and the shape parameter of the radial basis function. The visualization of an approximate solution of the one-dimensional nonstationary heat equation with power-law nonlinearity is realized in the form of the three-dimensional surface in the computer simulation system. The computer simulation system allows visualization of the solution at chosen time steps as three-dimensional plots. The results of numerical calculations are demonstrated by the benchmark problem that simulates the stopping of a heat wave front in a heat equation with power-law nonlinearity.
PRÁTICAS DE LEITURA DE PROFESSORES DE CIÊNCIAS NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Oliveira Jane Aparecida , Almeida Sheila Alves
Published: October 2023

Este trabalho objetivou identificar as práticas de leitura de professores de Ciências das redes municipal e estadual das cidades de Mariana e Ouro Preto - MG por meio de uma pesquisa quali-quantitativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada, em um primeiro momento, por intermédio da aplicação de questionários distribuídos a 20 professores de escolas públicas. Além disso, um fragmento de aula da mediação de leitura de uma professora foi analisado. Os resultados evidenciam que os exercícios fotocopiados estão muito presentes na sala de aula e a leitura de textos didáticos é realizada sem que os professores utilizem estratégias didáticas que os textos de ciências exigem. Nesse sentido, o propósito dos textos não leva os estudantes à compreensão dos conteúdos e dialogia nas aulas de Ciências.
Media Video Pembelajaran Materi Perubahan Cuaca Dalam Learning Management System Berbasis Web Bagi Siswa Tunarungu
Authors: Firdausi Alfiana , Purbaningrum Endang , Murtadlo Murtadlo
Published: October 2023

Siswa tunarungu sering mengalami penurunan minat belajar ketika pembelajaran bersifat verbal karena karakteristik belajarnya visual. Sebab itu diperlukan media yang dapat memvisualisasikan pembelajaran. Video pembelajaran dengan Learning Management System (LMS) berbasis web sesuai kondisi tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk media video pembelajaran materi perubahan cuaca dengan LMS berbasis Web bagi siswa tunarungu. Pendekatan penelitian pengembangan (R&D), dengan model ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Develop, Implementation, and Evaluate) digunakan karena berupaya menghasilkan produk tertentu, dan menguji kelayakan produk tersebut. Hasilnya, Video perubahan cuaca dengan LMS berbasis WEB yang dapat diakses di laman www.media.tunarungu.com nilai tervalidasi ahli media 97,72%, tervalidasi ahli materi 91,6%, tervalidasi ahli Pendidikan Luar Biasa 78,26%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa Learning Management System Berbasis WEB Materi Perubahan Cuaca Bagi Siswa Tunarungu dengan kategori sangat valid. Uji kepraktisan pada guru memperoleh prosentase nilai 74% termasuk kategori baik. Uji keefektifan praktik penggunaan produk oleh siswa dengan uji gain diperoleh hasil 0,6 yang menunjukkan bahwa keefektifan media video dengan LMS berbasis WEB efektif pada tahapan pembelajaran.
Kata Kunci: Video, LMS, WEB, Tunarungu, Cuaca
Tutorial Keterampilan Vokasi Tanaman Buah Dalam Pot Dengan Aplikasi Google Drive dan JAWS Bagi Anak Tunanetra
Authors: Puspito Rini Dian Novita , Wijiastuti Asri , Purbaningrum Endang
Published: October 2023

Keterampilan vokasi sangat penting bagi siswa tunanetra yang harus siap menghidupi diri sendiri di tengah-tengah masyarakat dalam kehidupan sehari-hari setelah lulus sekolah. Salah satu keterampilan vokasi yang dapat digunakan sehari-hari dan dapat dijual setiap hari dengan modal terjangkau yakni tanaman buah dalam pot (tabulampot). Untuk belajar keterampilan vokasi di era teknologi naktuna netra tidak harus tatap muka langsung, namun dapat belajar di rumah dengan handphone atau laptop. Pembelajaran vokasi bisa diakses dirumah atau di mana saja, sehingga saat di sekolah sudah siap untuk praktik. Langkah-langkah pembuatan tabolampot ini dapat diakses dan diunduh di Google Drive dan disediakan di JAWS. Penelitian dan pengembangan ini dilaksanakan dengan model Dick & Carrey. Dihasilkan produk Tutorial Tanaman Buah dalam Pot dengan menggunakan aplikasi Google Drive berorientasi JAWS bagi Siswa tunanetra menunjukkan hasil dengan kategori sangat valid karena memperoleh nilai dari ahli media 82,3%, dari ahli materi memperoleh nilai 93%, dan dari ahli PLB mendapat nilai 82% sehingga layak digunakan.
Kata Kunci: Tutorial, tabulampot, Google Drive, JAWS, Keterampilan vokasi, tunanetra
Model Pengelolaan Kelas Di Sekolah Dasar Inklusi Kabupaten Bojonegoro
Authors: Hisbollah Hisbollah , Budiyanto Budiyanto , Mudjito Mudjito
Published: October 2023

Adanya pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan pembelajaran tidak dapat dilakukan secara tatap muka di sekolah. Bagi anak tunanetra dampak dari tidak dilakukannya pembelajaran secara tatap muka menyebabkan anak harus beradaptasi dengan kondisi pembelajaran yang baru. Salah satu strategi yang diterapkan untuk menghadapi adaptasi kondidi ini adalah dengan dilakukannya pembelajaran melalui blended learning. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut peneliti akan mengkaji secara mendalam mengenai implementasi pembelajaran blended learning di SLBA YPAB Surabaya, sehingga dapat menemukan faktor penunjang dan penghambat pelaksanaan pembelajaran serta menemukan solusi untuk memecahkan permasalahan yang ada. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus.  Pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Teknis pemeriksaan data dilakukan melalui triangulasi data. Teknik analisis data dilakukan menggunakan teknik deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa manajemen blended learning di SLB YPAB Surabaya efektif dengan langkah-langkah perencanaan, organisasi, pelaksanaan dan pengontrolan. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat faktor pendukung dan faktor penunjang pelaksanaan pembelajaran melalui blended learning di di SLB YPAB Surabaya.
Kata kunci : Blended Learning, Manajemen, Tunanetra.
Manajemen Blended Learning di SLB A YPAB Surabaya
Authors: Murtadlo Murtadlo , Pamuji Pamuji , Ovel Novari Beny Acep
Published: October 2023

Adanya pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan pembelajaran tidak dapat dilakukan secara tatap muka di sekolah. Bagi anak tunanetra dampak dari tidak dilakukannya pembelajaran secara tatap muka menyebabkan anak harus beradaptasi dengan kondisi pembelajaran yang baru. Salah satu strategi yang diterapkan untuk menghadapi adaptasi kondidi ini adalah dengan dilakukannya pembelajaran melalui blended learning. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi pembelajaran blended learning di SLB A YPAB Surabaya, sehingga dapat menemukan faktor penunjang dan penghambat pelaksanaan pembelajaran serta menemukan solusi untuk memecahkan permasalahan yang ada. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus.  Pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Teknis pemeriksaan data dilakukan melalui triangulasi data. Teknik analisis data dilakukan menggunakan teknik deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa manajemen blended learning di SLB YPAB Surabaya efektif dengan langkah-langkah perencanaan, organisasi, pelaksanaan dan pengontrolan. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat faktor pendukung dan faktor penunjang pelaksanaan pembelajaran melalui blended learning di di SLB YPAB Surabaya.
Kata kunci : Blended Learning, Manajemen, Tunanetra.
Antropologia psychologiczna. Wprowadzenie
Authors: Żerkowski Michał
Published: October 2023

The text is an introduction to psychological anthropology, a subdiscipline of culturalanthropology that looks into interactions linking cultural phenomena with human psychological processes. The history of the concept of psychological anthropology and its definitions is discussed and then juxtaposed with explanations of the concepts of ethno-psychology, cultural psychology, and cognitive anthropology. The discussion is contextualized by the history of the subdiscipline itself, which over the last 150 years has been developed and co-developed – often in a complex and convoluted way – by subsequent anthropological approaches and trends, with which it has at times been identified.
Modeling Plasmonics and Electronics in Semiconducting Graphene Nanostrips
Authors: Tene Talia , Guevara Marco , Moreano Gabriel , Calderón Edisson , Bonilla García Nataly , Vacacela Gomez Cristian , Bellucci Stefano
Published: October 2023

In recent decades, both academia and industry have shown noteworthy interest in investigating the semiconducting properties of graphene. Nevertheless, the lack of a suitable bandgap in graphene has restricted its practical applications in the current semiconductor industry. To overcome this limitation, graphene micro/nano-strips have been actively explored. The focus of the present study centers on modeling the electronic and plasmonic characteristics of graphene strips with varying widths: 2.7, 100, 135 nm, and 4 m. This analysis is conducted at ultralow energies (0.3 eV, or ~73 THz). We employ conventional density functional computations to estimate the Fermi velocity of graphene, refining the results via the GW approximation. Utilizing the accurate Fermi velocity, we employ a semi-analytical model to explore the ground state and plasmon properties (frequency and dispersion) of these graphene strips. Notably, this approach effectively replicates the density of states observed in narrow experimental graphene nano-strips (2.7 nm) grown on Ge(001) and, similarly, reproduces the plasmon spectrum found in synthesized graphene microstrips (4 μm) on Si/SiO2. Interestingly, our study also offers insights into the potential application of this approach in comprehending the plasmon frequency and plasmon dispersion of graphene nano-strips (~135 nm) acquired through liquid-phase exfoliation. The outcomes of this investigation present compelling evidence that the properties of graphene-based strips can be customized to fulfill specific requirements and applications. These findings hold significant promise for advancing graphene-based technologies, bridging the gap between fundamental research and tangible applications. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-05-01 Full Text: PDF