bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ARTICLE 7 PROCESS AND DEMOCRATIC BACKSLIDING OF HUNGARY AND POLAND. DEMOCRACY AND THE RULE OF LAW
Authors: ZAMĘCKI Łukasz , GLIED Viktor
Published: December 2020

This paper examines developments in Poland following the 2015 elections and in Hungary since 2010, which included the gradual destruction of democratic institutions, challenges to the rule of law, as well as to the system of checks and balances. The authors consider the Ziblatt–Levitsky model (2018) as a meaningful framework for the analysis of the way in which the power structure was reshaped and have based their research
on the classification set out in this model. Our objective is to present the political changes that took place in the two Central-Eastern-European countries during the last decade that resulted in the process under Article 7 being used for the first time in the history of the EU. The paper conclusion is that the path of de-democratization of Hungary and Poland is seen from the perspective of the EU and Council of Europe, as similar one. In actions
taken toward both countries, the EU concerns mostly the principle of the rule of law.
Cielo y juegos de hilo. Representación de la temporalidad cíclica entre los pilagá del Pilcomayo
Authors: Gómez Cecilia Paula , Braunstein José
Published: December 2020

Los pilagá del Gran Chaco estiman el transcurso de los ciclos temporales considerando varios indicadores, algunos de los cuales son observados en el cielo. Estos objetos celestes, y los períodos que ponderan con ellos, fueron tradicionalmente representados y animados mediante juegos de hilo, que ejecutan dibujos por medio de cordeles. En este artículo se analizarán las relaciones que se establecen entre dos de estos juegos y los objetos celestes implicados. Nos referimos, por un lado, al dedicado a  la  luna (awóroyk), asociado con la idea de mes, que incluye tres figuras formadas de manera sucesiva: dosolqa qonaqa, dos cucharas;  Awóroyk dasócisegem, Luna cae de espaldas; y finalmente Awóroik yalemakaciriñí, Luna boca abajo. Por otro lado, el juego de hilo dedicado a dos asterismos relacionados con la idea de ciclo anual que se forman también uno tras otro: Dapici?, las Pléyades, y waqciriñi (estrellas)Yarayna?di, el Cinto de Orión. La manera en la que los pilagá entendían tradicionalmente esos objetos nos condujo a indagar sobre la forma de ritmar el tiempo. Esto último, a su vez, se asocia con la renovación anual de la naturaleza y el ciclo vital de las personas. En síntesis, los ciclos y juegos de hilo se corresponden con determinados ritmos temporales que están íntimamente ligados con el devenir periódico, con la renovación y, en última instancia, con la fertilidad y la reproducción social y material de los pilagá.
Luz , desmaterialización y transversalidad narrativa: la instalación artística de luz contemporánea y la catedral gótica
Authors: Crespillo Marí Leticia
Published: December 2020

La luz como recurso estético es capaz de construir ambientes abstractos y utópicos que representan metáforas visuales que han de ser experimentadas a través de la vivencia corporal y la participación activa del espectador. A través del sistema de iluminación, la obra se convierte en un ritual y se reafirma como un acontecimiento y extensión de un concepto mental que rompe los límites entre lo real y lo imaginario, materializándose artísticamente a través de luz, color, volumen y movimiento. Esto ocurre en dos casos concretos como son la instalación de luz contemporánea y la catedral gótica que, a pesar de su distancia histórica en el tiempo, utilizan este recurso de una manera muy similar.
Perlindungan Konsumen terhadap Penamaan Menu Kopi Kekinian yang Menggunakan Nama Varian Khamr
Authors: Kusumo Suryo Hadi , Sakti Muthia , Ramadhani Dwi Aryanti
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa perlindungan konsumen terkait dengan penamaan menu kopi. Sertifikasi halal dalam sistem hukum di Indonesia mempunyai kedudukan yang sentral, karena termaktub dalam Undang-Undang No. 33 tahun 2014 tentang Jaminan Produk Halal. Perkembangan industri kopi dewasa ini erat dengan style anak muda. Tren tersebut berdampak pada menjamurnya usaha-usaha yang menyajikan beragam jenis kopi di masyarakat. Dalam penamaannya, pelaku usaha kopi kekinian banyak yang mencantumkan nama varian khamr. Kenyataanya, sebagian besar penamaan varian khamr justru hanya sebatas strategi pemasaran. Pelaku usaha kopi banyak menggunakan penamaan menu kopi menggunakan nama varian khamr lalu menyatakan atau mengklaim bahwa produknya halal. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian empiris normatif, maka diketahui bahwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia telah memberlakukan regulasi mengenai sertifikasi halal yang didalamnya mengatur menge-nai penamaan sebuah produk. Penamaan tersebut meliputi menu kopi kekinian yang mencantumkan nama varian khamr yang bersebrangan dengan Fatwa DSN MUI No. 4 Tahun 2003 tentang Sertifikasi Fatwa Halal. Dampak dari penggunaan nama varian khamr pada menu kopi salah satunya adalah pelaku usaha tidak dapat melakukan sertifikasi halal produknya untuk mendapatkan sertifikat halal. Consumers Protection of Labeling Coffee That Uses A Variant of Khamr  This study aims to analyze consumer protection related to the naming of coffee menus. Halal certification in Indonesia's legal system is important as stipulated in Law Number 33 of 2014 concerning Guarantee of Halal Products. Nowadays, the progressive development of coffee industry is closely related to the style of the youth. It’s give an impact on the increasing number of businesses that serve various kind of coffee. Some of modern coffee shops use the name of the khamr variant. ‘Labeling khamr variant is just for marketing strategy, but its claimedas halal product. This is a normative and empirical researchs.  It shows that the Indonesian Ulama Council (MUI) has enacted a regulation regarding halal certification.  This regulation also explained about the labeling of any kind of coffee which any vanriants of khamr, that is contradicetive ro Fatwa DSN MUI nomor 4/2003 On Halal Fatwa Certificarion. So, its is impossible to get halal certificate for any kind of coffe with labeling the khamr variant.
Penguatan Perlindungan Konsumen dalam Industri Peer to Peer Lending di Indonesia
Authors: Purba M Hadyan Yunhas
Published: December 2020

Hadirnya perusahaan peer to peer lending (P2PL) sebagai penyedia jasa pinjam-meminjam uang melalui jaringan internet di Indonesia diharapkan menjadi alternatif pendanaan bagi masyarakat, faktanya menimbulkan berbagai permasalahan. Salah satunya adalah masalah perlindungan konsumen yang sering diabaikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji gambaran umum penyelenggaraan usaha P2PL di Indonesia, bentuk pelanggaran hak konsumen dalam pelaksanaan industri P2PL di Indonesia, dan solusi untuk mengoptimalkan perlindungan konsumen dalam industri P2PL. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dan empiris dengan menganalisa peraturan perundang-undangan, jurnal dan data terkait pelanggaran hak konsumen dalam industri P2PL. Hasil penelitian ditemukan berbagai permasalahan dalam pelaksanaan industri P2PL di Indonesia dikarenakan terdapat kekosongan hukum terkait dengan perlindung-an konsumen industri P2PL di Indonesia. Solusi untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut adalah dengan membuat undang-undang yang secara spesifik mengatur tentang pelaksa-naan praktik P2PL di Indonesia beserta sanksi yang tegas bagi para pihak yang melakukan pelanggaran atas undang-undang tersebut. Consumer Protection Strengthening in the Peer to Peer Lending Business in Indonesia  The presence of a peer to peer lending company (P2PL) as a provider of money lending and borrowing services through the internet network in Indonesia is expected to be an alternative funding for the community, but in fact this raises various problems. One of the problems is consumer protection which is often ignored by P2PL companies. This study aims to examine the general description of P2PL business operation in Indonesia, forms of violation of consumer rights in the implementation of the P2PL industry in Indonesia, and solutions to optimize consumer protection in the P2PL industry. This research uses normative and empirical juridical methods by analyzing laws and regulations, journals and data related to violations of consumer rights in the P2PL industry. The result shows that various problems in the implementation of P2PL industry in Indonesia because there is a legal vacuum related to consumer protection for the P2PL industry in Indonesia. The solution to solve this problem is to make laws that specifically regulate the implementation of P2PL practices in Indonesia along with strict sanctions for parties who violate the law.
Entitas Badan Usaha Milik Daerah Setelah Berlakunya Undang-Undang Pemerintah Daerah
Authors: Ansari Muhammad Insa
Published: December 2020

Artikel ini membahas dan menganalisis entitas Badan Usaha Milik Daerah setelah berlakunya Undang-Undang No. 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah. Metode yang dipergunakan dalam artikel ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif. Dalam penelitian hukum normatif ini menggunakan bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, dan bahan hukum tersier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa istilah Badan Usaha Milik Daerah sebelumnya tidak dikenal sama sekali dan yang dikenal adalah Perusahaan Daerah. Dalam perkembangan selanjutnya diperkenalkan Badan Usaha Milik Daerah dengan entitas perusahaan daerah dan entitas perseroan terbatas. Pada saat ini dikenal dan diperkenankan Badan Usaha Milik Daerah dengan entitas Perusahaan Umum Daerah dan Persero Terbatas Daerah. Kedua entitas tersebut memiliki karakteristik masing-masing, baik dari sisi pengertian, maksud dan tujuan, tata cara pendirian, hingga organ yang menggerakan/menjalankan Badan Usaha Milik Daerah tersebut.  The Local State-Owned Enterprises Entities After the Local Governments Act Entry Info Force This article discusses and analyzes the local state-owned enterprises entities (SOEs) after the act number 23 Year 2014 about local government. This research is in the contexts of normative legal framework which using primary, secondary and tertiary legal material. This study found that it was recognized a regional company in the local government rather than the local government-owned enterprises. Furthermore, it is introduced the local state-owned enterprises with local company entities and limited company entities. Those 2 entities have their own characteristic, particularly from the definition, purpose and objectives, the procedures of establishment and the organs in running the local state-owned enterprises.
Prediction Diversity and Selective Attention in the Wisdom of Crowds
Authors:   Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Nobre Davi A. , Fontanari José F. ,   Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo
Published: December 2020

The wisdom of crowds is the idea that the combination of independent estimates of the magnitude of some quantity yields a remarkably accurate prediction, which is always more accurate than the average individual estimate. In addition, it is largely believed that the accuracy of the crowd can be improved by increasing the diversity of the estimates. Here we report the results of three experiments to probe the current understanding of the wisdom of crowds, namely, the estimates of the number of candies in a jar, the length of a paper strip and the number of pages of a book. We find that the collective estimate is better than the majority of the individual estimates in all three experiments. In disagreement with the prediction diversity theorem, we find no significant correlation between the prediction diversity and the collective error. The poor accuracy of the crowd on some experiments leads us to conjecture that its alleged accuracy is most likely an artifact of selective attention.
World of Childhood in the Projection of the Concept of Regional Cultural Nests of N.K. Piksanov and ideas of I.I. Sreznevsky
Authors: Suvorkina Helena N.
Published: December 2020

In the context of the projection of the theory of regional cultural nests of N.K. Piksanov on the phenomenon of childhood considers the possibility of creating such a model metaphor as "cultural nest." It is shown that the World of Childhood, as well as the World of Province, can be contrasted to the "center" - the Adult World and the capital. In the projection of ideas of I.I. Sreznevsky the comparison was carried of childhood subculture with the state seeking the independence and entitled to its own language and traditions.
Architecture of Totalitarian Epoch in 1930s - 1940s in Japan
Authors: Suzuki Youya
Published: December 2020

Considers the situation of coexistence of various stylistic trends in architecture in Japan in the second quarter of the XX century. Features of the search of national identity and the development of architecture in Japan generally lined with global trends are shown by the example of three key architectural objects of the time: the buildings of Parliament of Japan, the main building of the Imperial museum in Tokyo and the competition on “the Monument of the Great Eastern Asia”
Simulacra in Music Being Digital: The Semantic and Syntactic Level of Simulation
Authors: Gubanov Oleg A.
Published: December 2020

Analyses digitally modified music using aesthetical and art critical approaches. According to the author, simulacrum is one of the basic properties related to the music existing in digital form. The two levels of simulation in digital music are defined, namely semantic and syntactic (composing, performing and recording music) and pragmatic (reproducing, interactive perception) ones.
Hokusai Manga: Contextualisation of Its Title and Genre
Authors: Steiner Evgeny S.
Published: December 2020

Is devoted to Manga as the biggest and the best­known work of Hokusai (北斎, 1760-1849). The paper discusses the phenomenon of Hokusai Manga and its place in the context of Japanese picture books. Was it a drawing manual or comic cartoons or perhaps a pictorial encyclopedia? What are the historical meanings and etymology of the word manga and its little­understood supra­heading “Denshin Kaishu”?
Visual Representation of Scientific Corporations in European Culture of the 17th Century
Authors: Lisovich Inna I.
Published: December 2020

Is devoted to the comparative analysis of visual representations of scientific corporations in European painting and graphic art in the 17th century. The author reveals both organizational principles of scientific institutions and symbolic, cultural, political, scientific and social values which underpinned them.
Medieval Laughter Culture and the Anti­World of Russian Postmodernism
Authors: Litvintseva Galina Yu.
Published: December 2020

Provides a comparative analysis of the comic world or antiworld in medieval and postmodern literary texts. The postmodern and medieval parodies create seamy, inverted world that is free from the etiquette rules and propriety. Postmodern writers and artists break the “classic” aesthetic canon that restricts freedom of creative expression and artistic perception of the text as a self­sufficient one. Grotesque hyperrealism of Russian postmodernists is a revival of burlesque travesty of medieval topography on a new level.
Contemporary “Postapocalypse” as a Form of Eschatological Myth Represented in the «S.T.A.L.K.E.R.» Computer Game
Authors: Pozharov Aleksey I.
Published: December 2020

Discusses the phenomenon of “postapocalypse” or a modern form of the eschatological myth representation in mass culture. The author analyses the structure of the myth implemented in the computer game and argues that contemporary culture endlessly reproducing different scenarios of the last day of the Universe is not able to answer what a changed world is to become after passing through a series of apocalyptic catastrophes.
Spirit Engineering: Military Historical Reconstruction Movement and Contemporary Social Values
Authors: Bogdanov Svyatoslav V. , Voloshinov Alexander V.
Published: December 2020

Focuses on the value approach to the historical reconstruction movement. The authors analyse values generated by the movement and distinguish between the general cultural values that influence personal development and values related to the military cultures of the past. The activities of the military reconstruction participants that enrich contemporary cultural space and raise personal moral ideals are considered as a type of “spirit engineering.”
Dance in operettas by Franz Lehár
Authors: Kolesnikov Alexander G.
Published: December 2020

Examines in brief the role and meaning of dance in stage creations of Franz Lehár (1870-1948), composer of Neo-Viennese operettas. The author analyses “The Merry Widow,” “Frasquita,” “Jiuditta,” “Friderike” operettas also addressing the problem of interpretations proposed by stage directors and choreographers.
Norbert of Xanten and St. Augustin: To the Iconography of the Miniature of the Vita beati Norberti Manuscript from the Bavarian State Library Collection
Authors: Zotova Elizaveta V.
Published: December 2020

Addresses the only extant illuminated manuscript of the “Life of Norbert of Xanten”. The author analyses the iconography of the miniature from this manuscript in comparison with the other illuminated hagiographies and writings of St. Augustin which were created in Germany in the 12th century.
National Versions of Worship as a Basis for a New Mass to Come
Authors: Fidenko Yulia L.
Published: December 2020

Deals with the regional aspects in the musical organisation of Mass related to the reforms of the Second Vatican Council. The author concretises the features of liturgical music reform and notes the specificity of its realisation in the practice of Catholic commons of the Asian part of Russia, from the Urals to the Far East. It is argued that a combination of musical material integrated in a holistic canonical invariant gives original features to worship in each parish.
Extra, Contra, Intra
Authors: Shipilov Andrey V.
Published: December 2020

Addresses the example of the Classical Antiquity and argues that the culture of a primitive society focuses on the Outward and the culture of the developed society emphasises the Inward. The author demonstrates that these trends may be traced in a variety of institutions and phenomena; he addresses manifestations of extra­intentionality and intra­intentionality in religious views and practices, the ethical complex, representations and perceptions of the Self and the Other, in the law, aesthetics, the arts and literature. Certain types of socio­cultural activities, artistic works, and monuments that typologically belong to different periods of the archaic and developed society within the Ancient culture are historically compared (contraposed).
In a Key Position. Suvorov and the Crimea in his Letters and Notes
Authors: Naumenko V. G.
Published: December 2020

In a Key Position. Suvorov and the Crimea in his Letters and Notes (by Valentina Naumenko) deals with the problem of joining of the Crimea to the Russian Empire, revealed through the epistolary and literary heritage of the great Russian general Alexander Suvorov. His letters of the years 1777-1779 are both some kind of “portraits of the place” and a first-person history. They demonstrate an experience of the future generalissimo, approaching then his 50th anniversary, in the understanding of the main tasks of that era, his knowledge of terrain and people of that multinational peninsula.
More on the Existence of Masquerade Racing Sledges in Russiain the 18-th Century (according to the materials from the collection of carriages of the State Historical Museum)
Authors: Fagurel Julia E.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the existence of masquerade racing sledges - special carriages for court festivities - in Russia. Basing on the study of archival materials and monuments of the art of carriage-making from the State Historical Museum (SHM), the author identifies and analyzes some features of the masquerade racing sledges manufacturing and using and also determines chronological framework of the existence of this type of carriages in Russia.
Library in the Culture of Information Society
Authors: Lopatina Natalia V.
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the transformations of social institution of library in the information society. High emphasis is placed here on social and humanitarian changes. Formal and informal aspects of social relations as well as the role and status of a librarian are identified. The article considers the compliance between formal legal regulations and informal socio-cultural norms, between actual practices and formal and informal norms. It examines explicit and implicit functions of a library, the conflict between traditional structures and new institutional norms. Roles of a librarian and a reader in the process are revealed.
“Das Donauweibchen”, “Dneprovskaya Rusalka” and “The Magic Flute”: the Facets of Intertextual and Archetypal
Authors: Verba Natalia I.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to consideration of the ways of musical realization of the archetypal images in the operas “Das Donauweibchen”, “Dneprovskaya Rusalka” and “The Magic Flute”. The analysis lays an emphasis on the following aspects: the dramaturgy, orchestration, general compositional principles, ideological and semantic constants of the operas, their intonation sphere, and peculiarities of the characters’ musical and verbal portraits. The comparison of the main heroes’ characteristics in the operas by F. Kauer, S. I. Davydov and W. A. Mozart allows to draw a conclusion that the developed intertextual connections between these works are caused by the studied images’ archetypicalness.
Ethnocultural Features of Tuvinian Readers’ Motivation for Reading
Authors: Podik Irina V.
Published: December 2020

The article considers ethnocutural features of the motivation for reading as a core concept of library science, by the example of the needs of readers of the Tuva Republic. The author shows the correlation between the readers’ motives and the political, social and cultural situation in the region. She presents the results of her investigation of the people’s motives for reading and the motives’ dependence on current values and norms of the Tuvinian society. It is defined that reading in an ethnic environment is a mandatory component of a national ethnic culture.
Analisis Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Usia Menopause di Puskesmas Wua-Wua Kota Kendari
Authors: La Rangki La Rangki , Siagian Heriviyatno J , Alifariki La Ode
Published: December 2020

Penurunan hormon estrogen pada perempuan menopause mengakibatkan banyaknya keluhan dan sangat mengganggu aktivitas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk?mengetahui apa saja faktor yang berhubungan dengan usia saat menopause pada wanita menopause. Penelitian ini adalah analitik observasional menggunakan desain?cross sectional yang berlokasi di Puskesmas Wua-Wua Kota Kendari. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh ibu menopause yang berkunjung ke Puskesmas Wua-Wua Kota Kendari dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 74 responden dan menggunakan teknik total sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan melakukan pengisian kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik chi square pada nilai α = 0,05. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa usia responden, kategori normal sebanyak 41,9%, kategori cepat 17,6%, kategori lambat 40,5%. Hasil analisis bivariat menggunakan uji chi square diperoleh hubungan riwayat pemakaian kontrasepsi dengan usia menopause (p 0,013 < α 0,05), IMT dengan usia menopause (p 0,005 < α 0,05), usia dengan usia menopause (p 0,000< α 0,05), status pekerjaan dengan usia menopause (p 0,312< α 0,05), status pendidikan dengan usia menopause (p 0,128< α 0,05), dan paritas dengan usia menopause (p 0,000< α 0,05). Riwayat pemakaian kontrasepsi, IMT, usia, paritas berhubungan dengan usia saat menopause. Agar ibu jika ingin memperlambat masa menopause, maka menggunakan kontrasepsi hormonal, mengatur kelahiran atau jumlah anak, dan melakukan aktivitas fisik sehingga tetap mempertahankan berat badan ideal.
EDUCATION IN THE TURKEY OF THE FUTURE
Authors: Alpaydın Yusuf
Published: December 2020

The first report prepared under the Turkey of the Future project is on education, where our country has long been in a search for stability and methodology. The report aims to realistically study in 2018 what needs to be accomplished when looking forward to 2030 using quantitative and qualitative data. In this context, the study begins by explaining the state of education in the new millennium and the problems experienced from this perspective. The context necessary in resolving the issues and bettering current circumstances has been also emphasized in the purview of the report. Along with these improvements, students’ national and international examination performances are also analyzed. Finally, the developed policies, solution recommendations, and improvements have been presented in 12 points on the vision of the future. In preparing the report, the primary framework has been shaped by the relevant scientific literature, the framework and principal values established by the İLKE Foundation for Science, Culture and Education within the scope of the Turkey of the Future Project, and the educational perspectives of the research team. Besides multidisciplinarity and systems approach, locality and originality have been the two principal values when preparing this report.
KETELADANAN KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN KINERJA GURU DI SEKOLAH
Authors: . Rusihan .
Published: December 2020

This research will explain what teacher competence is and how efforts to improve teacher competency are seen from the role of the principal. Hopefully this article can be used as material for reflection for teachers and other parties with an interest in education. The principal's leadership task will succeed well if a principal understands the task to be carried out. Therefore the principal will appear in a process where he is able to direct, guide, influence and or master the thoughts, feelings or behavior of others. For success in achieving school goals requires professional headmaster's leadership, in which he understands his duties and obligations as a leader, as well as carrying out his role as a leader. In addition,the principal must establish a good cooperative relationship withsubordinates, so as to create a work atmosphere that makes subordinates feel safe, secure, and have a freedom in developing their ideas in order to achieve common goals that have been set.
Perbandingan Kinerja Sensor TGS2610, MQ2, dan MQ6 pada Alat Pendeteksi Kebocoran Tabung Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) Menggunakan ATMega2560
Authors: Pratama Rizal , Muid Abdul , Sanubary Iklas
Published: December 2020

Pada penelitian ini telah dibuat alat pendeteksi kebocoran tabung Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) menggunakan mikrokontroler ATMega2560 untuk menguji kinerja sensor TGS2610, MQ2, dan MQ6. Indikator adanya gas ditunjukkan dengan bunyi buzzer, cahaya LED dan tulisan pada LCD. Berdasarkan pengujian waktu respon, diperoleh hasil 0,13 detik untuk MQ2, 0,16 detik untuk MQ6, dan 0,03 detik untuk TGS2610. Sedangkan untuk pengujian jarak diperoleh hasil yaitu, sensor TGS2610 dapat mendeteksi gas pada jarak 50 cm, MQ2 dapat mendeteksi gas pada jarak 40 cm dan MQ6 dapat mendeteksi gas pada jarak 30 cm. Berdasarkan parameter yang diuji terlihat bahwa sensor TGS2610 memiliki kinerja yang lebih baik, kemudian diikuti sensor MQ2, dan MQ6.
Distribusi Nilai Konduktivitas Lahan Peternakan Ayam di Kecamatan Segedong Kabupaten Mempawah
Authors: Hidayat Erik Saputra , Nurhasanah Nurhasanah , Zulfian Zulfian
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan distribusi nilai konduktivitas lahan peternakan yang tercemar limbah kotoran ayam di Desa Sungai Burung Kecamatan Segedong Kabupaten Mempawah. Parameter yang dihitung yaitu nilai resistivitas dan konduktivitas berdasarkan dari nilai arus dan beda potensial yang terukur di lapangan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode resistivitas dengan metode perhitungannya menggunakan metode kuadrat terkecil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola distribusi nilai konduktivitas pada kedalaman 0-15 cm berkisar 7 mS/m – 18 mS/m dan pada kedalaman 15-30 cm berkisar 7 mS/m – 16 mS/m. Nilai konduktivitas pada kedalaman 0-15 cm relatif lebih tinggi sedangkan pada kedalaman 15-30 cm lebih menyebar secara merata.
Identifikasi Lapisan Akuifer Dengan Metode Geolistrik Tahanan Jenis di Desa Pemangkat Kabupaten Kayong Utara
Authors: Alhuda Ervan , Arman Yudha , Zulfian Zulfian
Published: December 2020

Penelitian tentang identifikasi lapisan akuifer di Desa Pemangkat Kabupaten Kayong Utara telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode geolistrik tahanan jenis konfigurasi Wenner-Schlumberger. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan bahwa penyusun lapisan akuifer berupa pasir dengan nilai berkisar 1,54 Ωm sampai 9,7 Ωm. Lapisan akuifer terletak pada kedalaman 4,04 m sampai 45,6 m dengan jenis akuifer tertekan.
Pabrikasi Papan Komposit Berbahan Dasar Sabut Pinang (Areca catechu L.) dan Sabut Kelapa (Cocos nucifera L.)
Authors: Putri Mentarie Resthu , Faryuni Irfana Diah , Nurhasanah Nurhasanah
Published: December 2020

Pada penelitian ini telah dibuat papan komposit dengan bahan utama serat sabut pinang (Areca catechu L.) dan partikel sabut kelapa (Cocos nucifera L.). Bahan tambahan yang digunakan adalah urea formaldehyde (UF) sebagai matriks, parafin untuk penghambat air serta NH4Cl sebagai katalis. Papan komposit divariasikan sebanyak 3 sampel yaitu 100% serat sabut pinang, 100% partikel sabut kelapa dan 50% serat sabut pinang dicampur 50% partikel sabut kelapa. Papan komposit kemudian diuji sifat fisis dan mekanisnya dengan menggunakan standarisasi Japanese Industrial Standars (JIS) A 5908-2003. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sampel yang terdiri dari 100% serat sabut pinang merupakan sampel yang paling baik yakni memiliki nilai kerapatan sebesar 616,82 kg/m3, kadar air sebesar 11,62%, daya serap air sebesar 182,87%, pengembangan tebal sebesar 59,65%, modulus of elasticity (MOE) sebesar 543,66 MPa, modulus of rupture (MOR) sebesar 9,24 MPa, dan internal bonding (IB)sebesar 0,05 MPa. Semua sampel dapat memenuhi standarisasi JIS A 5908-2003 untuk indikator uji kerapatan dan kadar air.Kata Kunci : komposit, sabut pinang, sabut kelapa
Rancang Bangun Alat Pengukur Volume Paru-paru Berbasis Sensor Tekanan Gas MPX5700DP dan Arduino Uno
Authors: Maharani Afrisa , Muid Abdul , Nurhasanah Nurhasanah
Published: December 2020

Telah dibuat alat pengukur volume paru-paru menggunakan sensor tekanan gas dan Arduino Uno. Sensor yang digunakan adalah jenis transduser piezoresistif seri MPX5700DP dengan tingkat sensitivitas sebesar 6,4 mV/kPa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang sebuah alat yang mampu mengukur volume paru-paru manusia dengan mengaplikasikan pipa venturi, sensor tekanan gas dan mikrokontroler. Pengujian dilakukan dengan meniup pipa mouthpiece dan melihat hasilnya pada monitor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa alat mampu mengukur FVC (Forced Vital Capacity) dan FEV1 (Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second), dengan eror sebesar 3,17% untuk FVC dan 1,22% untuk FEV1 dibandingkan dengan pengukuran menggunakan alat spirometer di rumah sakit.
Model Matematika Sederhana Kebergantungan Jumlah Titik Panas pada Curah Hujan di Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Safitri Andriani , Adriat Riza , Azwar Azrul
Published: December 2020

Telah dibangun sebuah model matematis kebergantungan jumlah titik panas (hotspot) terhadap curah hujan di Kalimantan Barat. Model ini mengasumsikan bahwa perubahan jumlah hotspot bergantung pada hasil interaksi antara jumlah hotspot pada saat itu dan perubahan curah hujan pada saat tersebut. Dengan menggunakan asumsi ini dapat diperoleh bahwa jumlah hotspot akan menurun secara eksponensial terhadap curah hujan. Hasil validasi model matematis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 11 kabupaten/kota di Kalimantan Barat memiliki nilai koefisien determinasi (R2) ≥ 0,90 dan terdapat 3 kabupaten/kota yang memiliki koefisien determinasi (R2) < 0,40. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa jumlah hotspot di sebagian besar kabupaten/kota yang ada di Kalimantan Barat akan menurun secara eksponensial terhadap peningkatan jumlah curah hujan. Model matematis yang diperoleh ini memperbaiki model linier yang telah diusulkan oleh peneliti sebelumnya sehingga dapat memberikan gambaran yang lebih jelas tentang pengaruh jumlah curah hujan pada jumlah hotspot.
Pengaruh Penambahan Massa Cangkang Kerang Darah (Anadara granosa) Teraktivasi pada Peningkatan Kualitas Air Sumur Bor
Authors: Rahimawati Rahimawati , Nurhasanah Nurhasanah , Nurhanisa Mega
Published: December 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang upaya meningkatkan kualitas air sumur bor. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan limbah cangkang kerang darah (Anadara granosa) sebagai bahan adsorben. Cangkang kerang darah dihaluskan dengan ukuran 150 mesh, kemudian diaktivasi fisika, kimia, dan fisika-kimia. Variasi massa yang digunakan yaitu 2 gram, 4 gram, 6 gram, 8 gram, dan 10 gram teraktivasi fisika, 10 gram teraktivasi kimia, dan 10 gram teraktivasi fisika-kimia. Hasil pengujian air sumur bor sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan penambahan serbuk cangkang kerang darah yang teraktivasi mengalami perubahan. Pada adsorben teraktivasi fisika dengan massa 10 gram diperoleh nilai pH 6,84, TDS sebesar 1529 mg/L, warna pada skala 684 Pt.Co, kekeruhan 144 NTU, dan kandungan Fe sebesar 0,82 mg/L. Dari hasil pengujian air sumur bor setelah dilakukan penambahan adsorben cangkang kerang darah teraktivasi kimia, diperoleh nilai pH 7,11, TDS sebesar 1776 mg/L, warna pada skala 406 Pt.Co, kekeruhan 107 NTU, dan kandungan Fe sebesar 1,49 mg/L. Sedangkan hasil pengujian air sumur bor pada adsorben teraktivasi fisika-kimia yaitu pH 11,83, TDS sebesar 1546 mg/L, warna pada skala 218 Pt.Co, kekeruhan 51,3 NTU, dan kandungan Fe sebesar 0,12 mg/L. Berdasarkan hasil yang didapatkan ada beberapa parameter yang tidak memenuhi standar baku yang telah ditetapkan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 32 tahun 2017, sehingga cangkang kerang tidak efektif digunakan untuk meningkatkan kualitas air sumur bor.
Analisis Kandungan TDS dan Mineral pada Air Hujan untuk Konsumsi dengan Penambahan Karbon Aktif Kulit Pisang Kepok (Musa acuminate L.)
Authors: Ariani Dessy , Nurhasanah Nurhasanah , Nurhanisa Mega
Published: December 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang peningkatan kualitas air hujan menggunakan karbon aktif. Peningkatan kualitas air hujan dilakukan agar memenuhi standar baku mutu air minum menurut WHO (World Health Organization). Karbon aktif yang dipabrikasi berukuran 100 mesh berasal dari limbah kulit pisang kepok. Aktivasi karbon dilakukan dengan menggunakan kalium hidroksida (KOH). Pembuatan dilakukan melalui 3 tahapan yaitu dehidrasi, karbonisasi, dan aktivasi. Karbon aktif digunakan sebagai media penyaring air hujan agar nilai kandungan TDS (Total Dissolved Solid), Mg (magnesium), dan Ca (kalsium) dapat meningkat. Massa karbon aktif divariasikan 10 g, 20 g, dan 30 g. Peningkatan kualitas air hujan relatif baik pada dosis 10 gram. Nilai TDS, Mg, dan Ca berturut–turut meningkat sebesar 62,1 mg/L, 10,44 mg/L, dan 0,08 mg/L dibandingkan dengan air hujan sebelum penyaringan. Oleh karena itu, dapat diketahui bahwa penggunaan karbon aktif kulit pisang kepok dengan dosis yang sesuai dapat meningkatkan nilai TDS, Mg, dan Ca dalam air hujan, walaupun belum mencapai standar baku mutu air minum menurut WHO.
Efektivitas Serat Purun Tikuspada Peningkatan Kualitas Air(Studi Kasus Air Limbah Peti di Kabupaten Landak)
Authors: Faradina Faradina , Nurhasanah Nurhasanah , Nurhanisa Mega
Published: December 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang pemanfaatan serat tumbuhan purun tikus pada air limbah tambang emas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas air limbah tambang emas setelah melalui proses filtrasi berbahan serat tumbuhan purun tikus. Pengujian menggunakan alat colorometri, gravimetri, pH meterdan spektrofotometer serapan atom. Pengambilan sampel air limbah tambang emas dilakukan di Mandor, Kabupaten Landak. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan variasi serat 75 gram dan 100 gram dengan waktu perendaman selama 12 jam, 24 jam, 48 jam dan 72 jam. Parameter yang diuji meliputi pH, TDS (Total Dissolve Solid), warna, dan kadar merkuri (Hg). Kondisi awal air limbah tambang emas sebelum melalui proses filtrasi yaitu nilai pH sebesar 4,29, nilai TDS 144,00 mg/L, warna pada skala 60 Pt.Co, dan kadar merkuri (Hg) sebesar 0,0021 mg/L. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, diperoleh nilai yang memenuhi standar baku kualitas air bersih pada variasi waktu 12 jam untuk parameter pH dan warna, 24 jam untuk paramater merkuri dan 72 jam untuk parameter TDS dan warna. Pada variasi ini diperoleh nilai optimum dengan persentase penurunan TDS sebesar 333%, warna 68% , pH sebesar 61% dan kadar merkuri sebesar 100%.
Penentuan Breakdown Voltage Nitridasi Plasma dan Pemanfaatannya untuk Meningkatkan Kekerasan Aluminium AA 7075
Authors: Mayasari Triyana , Sujitno Tjipto , Lapanporo Boni Pahlanop
Published: December 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai penentuan nilai breakdown voltage pada nitridasi plasma dan aplikasinya pada surface treatment. Surface treatment dilakukan menggunakan metode nitridasi ion, agar terbentuk lapisan tipis di permukaan aluminium AA 7075 untuk meningkatkan sifat kekerasan. Perubahan sifat kekerasan sebelum maupun sesudah proses nitridasi diuji dengan menggunakan metode vickers. Penentuan nilai breakdown voltage bertujuan untuk mengetahui besar tegangan yang diperlukan untuk membangkitkan nitridasi plasma (breakdown voltage) dengan variasi tekanan gas nitrogen sebesar 1,0; 1,2; 1,4; 1,6; 1,8; dan 2,0 mbar. Sedangkan pada proses surface treatment untuk meningkatkan kekerasan aluminium AA 7075 dilakukan dengan variasi tekanan gas nitrogen sebesar 0,8; 1,0; 1,2; dan 1,4 mbar. Dari hasil eksperimen, didapatkan nilai breakdown voltage sebesar 529; 562,7; 588,3; 629,3; 664,3 dan 683 volt. Pada nilai tegangan tersebut, arus yang dihasilkan sebesar 171,3; 186; 332; 402,6; 635; dan 689,7 mA. Dari proses surface treatment diketahui bahwa peningkatan kekerasan optimum terjadi pada tekanan 1,2 mbar dengan nilai kekerasan 112,8 VHN atau meningkat sebanyak 131,62%.
Kajian Tingkat Kenyamanan Berdasarkan Suhu Udara, Kelembapan OLR (Outgoing Longwave Radiation) dan Angin
Authors: Soraya Syarifah Nadya , Jumarang Muh Ishak , Muliadi Muliadi
Published: December 2020

Kajian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat kenyamanan berdasarkan temperatur dan kelembapan di wilayah Paloh, Siantan dan Ketapang. Mengidentifikasi faktor–faktor eksternal yang mempengaruhi tingkat kenyamanan seperti Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR) dan kecepatan angin dengan metode Heat Indeks yang menggunakan rumus multiple regresi antara suhu udara dan kelembapan serta menganalisis korelasi pengaruh OLR dan kecepatan angin terhadap tingkat kenyamanan. Hasil analisis kajian ini diketahui bahwa berdasarkan nilai Temperatur dan Kelembapan serta nilai Heat Index (HI) yang termasuk dalam kategori “Panas” terjadi hanya pada bulan Mei di Paloh, Siantan dan Ketapang. Korelasi antara nilai HI dan OLR di Paloh sebesar 0,59 di Siantan sebesar 0,49 dan di Ketapang sebesar -0,15. Sedangkan korelasi antara HI dan kecepatan angin di Paloh sebesar 0,01 di Siantan sebesar -0,67 dan di Ketapang sebesar -0,53. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa di Paloh faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap nilai HI adalah OLR, sedangkan di Siantan dan Ketapang faktor yang paling mempengaruhi nilai HI adalah kecepatan angin. Kata Kunci : Heat Index, kecepatan angin, suhu udara, kelembapan OLR.
Perbandingan Metode Perhitungan Evapotranspirasi Potensial di Paloh Kabupaten Sambas Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Wilnaldo Andre , Putra Yoga Satria , Adriat Riza
Published: December 2020

Laju evapotranspirasi yang terjadi dengan anggapan persediaan jumlah air dan kelembapan tanah cukup sepanjang tahun dikenal dengan istilah evapotranspirasi potensial. Metode David, Prescott, Stephen, Ivanov dan Penman adalah metode yang dapat digunakan untuk menganalisis evapotranspirasi potensial dan metode panci penguapan sebagai pembanding. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui metode empiris dengan nilai error terkecil dalam penentuan evapotranspirasi potensial di Paloh Kabupaten Sambas Kalimantan Barat. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder bulanan dari tahun 2013-2017 yaitu evaporasi panci penguapan, suhu udara, kelelembapan relatif, durasi penyinaran matahari dan kecepatan angin. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh metode dengan error terkecil adalah metode Ivanov sebesar 0,04 dan metode Penman memiliki nilai korelasi tertinggi sebesar 0,6.
Second-order Phase Transition Behavior in a Polymer above the Glass Transition Temperature
Authors: Ishikawa Mitsuru , Takahashi Taihei , Hayashi Yu-ichiro , Akashi Maya , Uwada Takayuki
Published: December 2020

Glass transition was primarily considered to be not phase transition; however, it has similarity to the second-order phase transition. Recent single-molecule spectroscopy developments have prompted re-investigating glass transition at the microscopic scale, revealing that glass transition includes phenomena similar to second-order phase transition. They are characterized by microscopic collective polymer motion and discontinuous changes in temperature dependent relaxation times, later of which is similar to critical slowing down, within a temperature window that includes the polymer calorimetric glass transition temperature. Considering that collective motion and critical slowing down are accompaniments to critical phenomena, second-order phase transition behavior was identified in polymer glass transition.
r2SCAN-3c: An Efficient “Swiss Army Knife” Composite Electronic-Structure Method
Authors: Grimme Stefan , Hansen Andreas , Ehlert Sebastian , Mewes Jan-Michael
Published: December 2020

The recently proposed second revision of the SCAN meta-GGA density-functional approximation (DFA) {Furness et al., J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2020, 11, 8208-8215, termed r2SCAN} is used to construct an efficient composite electronic-structure method termed r2SCAN-3c, expanding the "3c'' series (hybrid: HSE/PBEh-3c, GGA: B97-3c, HF: HF-3c) to themGGA level. To this end, the unaltered r2SCAN functional is combined with a tailor-made

triple-zeta Gaussian AO-basis as well as with refitted D4 and gCP corrections for London-dispersion and basis-set superposition error. The performance of the new method is evaluated for the GMTKN55 thermochemical database covering large parts of chemical space with about 1500

data points, as well as additional benchmarks for noncovalent interactions, organometallic reactions, lattice energies of organic molecules and ices, as well as for the adsorption on polar salt and non-polar coinage-metal surfaces. These comprehensive tests reveal a spectacular performance and robustness of r2SCAN-3c for reaction energies and noncovalent interactions in molecular and periodic systems, as well as outstanding conformational energies, and consistent structures. At just one tenth of the cost, r2SCAN-3c provides one of the best results of all semi-local DFT/QZ methods ever tested for the GMTKN55 benchmark database. Specifically for reaction and conformational energies as well as for noncovalent interactions, the new method outperforms hybrid-DFT/QZ approaches, compared to which the computational savings are even larger (factor 100-1000).

In relation to other "3c'' methods, r2SCAN-3c by far surpasses the accuracy of its predecessor B97-3c at only about twice the cost. The perhaps most relevant remaining systematic deviation of r2SCAN-3c is due to self-interaction-error, owing to its mGGA nature. However, SIE is notably reduced compared to other (m)GGAs, as is demonstrated for several examples. After all, this remarkably efficient and robust method is chosen as our new group default, replacing previous low-level DFT and partially even expensive high-level methods in most standard applications for systems with up to several hundreds of atoms.
Integrated Docking and Enhanced Sampling Based Selection of Repurposing Drugs for SARS-CoV-2 by Targeting Host Dependent Factors
Authors: Kumawat Amit , Namsani Sadanandam , Pramanik Debabrata , Roy Sudip , Singh Jayant K.
Published: December 2020

Since the onset of global pandemic, the most focused research currently in progress is the development of vaccine candidates and clinical trials of existing FDA approved drugs for other relevant diseases, in order to repurpose them for the COVID-19. Here, we investigate the drug repurposing strategies to counteract the coronavirus infection which involves several potential targetable host proteins involved in viral replication and disease progression. We report the high throughput analysis of literature-derived repurposing drug candidates that can be used to target the genetic regulators known to interact with viral proteins based on experimental and interactome studies. In this work we have performed integrated molecular docking followed by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and free energy calculations through an expedite insilico process where the number of screened candidates reduces sequentially at every step based on physicochemical information. We elucidate that in addition to the pre-clinical and FDA approved drugs that targets specific regulatory proteins, a range of chemical compounds (Nafamostat, Chloramphenicol, Ponatinib) binds to the other gene transcription and translation regulatory protein with higher affinity and may harbour potential for therapeutic uses.
Influence of a Single Ether Bond on Assembly, Orientation, and Miscibility of Phosphocholine Lipids at the Air-Water Interface
Authors: Hoffmann Matthias , Drescher Simon , Schwieger Christian , Hinderberger Dariush
Published: December 2020

How does a small change in the structure of a phospholipid affect its supramolecular assembly? In aqueous suspensions, the substitution of one ester linkage in DPPC (1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) by an ether linkage alters its phase behaviour completely. To unravel the effect of replacing a phospholipid’s ester linkage by an ether linkage in lipid monolayers, we characterized pure monolayers of the model lipid DPPC and its sn-2 ether analogue PHPC (1-palmitoyl-2-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) as well as mixtures of both by measurements of surface pressure – molecular area (π–A_mol) isotherms. In addition, we used infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS) and epifluorescence microscopy to study lipid condensation, lipid chain orientation, headgroup hydration, and lipid miscibility in all samples.
Anisotropic Band-Edge Absorption of Millimeter-Size Zn(3-Ptz)2 Single Crystal Metal-Organic Frameworks
Authors: Chi-Duran Ignacio , Fritz Ruben , Olaya Vanessa , Urzua-Leiva Rodrigo , Cárdenas-Jirón Gloria I. , Singh Dinesh Pratap , Herrera Felipe
Published: December 2020

Metal-organic frameworks (MOF) have emerged as promising tailor-design materials for developing next-generation solid-state devices with applications in linear and non-linear coherent optics. However, the implementation of functional devices is challenged by the notoriously difficult process of growing large MOF single-crystals of high optical quality. By controlling the solvo-thermal synthesis conditions, we succeed in producing large individual single crystals of the non-centrosymmetric MOF Zn(3-ptz)2 (MIRO-101) with deformed octahedron habit, and unprecedented surface areas of up to 37 mm2. We measure the polarized UV-visible absorption spectrum of individual Zn(3- ptz)2 single crystals across different lateral incidence planes. Millimeter size single crystals have band gap Eg = 3.32 eV, and exhibit anisotropic absorption in the band edge region near 350 nm, whereas polycrystalline samples are fully transparent in the same frequency range. Using solid-state density functional theory (DFT), the observed size dependence of the optical anisotropy is correlated with the preferred orientation adopted by freely rotating pyridyl groups under conditions of slow crystal self-assembly. Our work thus paves the way for the development of optical polarization switches based on metal-organic frameworks.