bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design, Molecular Docking, Synthesis, and ADME Studies of Novel Amide Derivatives of Diflunisal and Aspirin Compounds as Preferential Selective Cox-2 Inhibitor
Authors: Almekhlafi Sadik , Mahdi Monther , Shujaa Nashwan
Published: October 2024

The synthesize of novel NSAI compounds (Aspirin and diflunisal derivatives) as a preferential selective COX-2 inhibitors, and evaluate their anti-inflammatory, safety and G.I.T. side effects. Aspirin and diflunisal conjugated with selected moiety of heterocyclic rings to enhance anti-inflammatory activity with preferential COX-2 selectivity, decrease GIT side effects, this aim achieved by 4-(4-Fluorophenyl) isoxazol-5-amine conjugation. The produced derivatives underwent IR and 1H-NMR spectra analysis, and a melting point and Rf measurement were used to verify their purity. The preliminary pharmacological activity showed that compounds 2and 6 have significantly more anti-inflammatory outcome than all synthesized compounds, in which Compound (2) showed a highest anti-inflammatory action with low gastric effects, and compound (6) showed a good anti-inflammatory activity with lowest ulcer index. ADME study showed all ligands was pargeted to passive absorbed orally except compound (7) was failed, so they showed good bioavailability except compound (7) fail might due to its high molecular > 500. According to a docking research, the docked compounds' PLP fitness on COX-2 ranged from (66.55 to 88.43). while (51.44 to 78.88) on COX-1, consequently they might show preferentially selective COX-2 inhibitors. Compound (6) showed highest COX -2 affinity (88.43) even celecoxib (83.35), but compound (6) showed higher affinity fox COX-1than celecoxib. While compounds (3 and 7) produced lowest COX-2 affinity (66.55 and 66.75) respectively. The all of studies, anti-inflammatory, ulcer index, ADME and molecular docking results showed good correlation in respect to compounds (6 and 2).
Design and Development of Film Forming Gel of Tavaborole by using Factorial Design
Authors: Kokate Shekhar , Binnor Hiraman , Mahajan Vijay , Ushir Yogesh
Published: October 2024

Film forming gel (FFG) could be a novel approach in film forming drug delivery system which has pulled in the intrigued of pharmaceutical researcher in improvement and characterization of skin drug delivery system. FFG were developed by varying concentration of the polymers and plasticizer. The formulations were prepared using 32 full factorial design. FFG were evaluated for important parameters like drying time, drug release, antifungal activity, skin irritation and stability studies. The FFG was characterized for pH, viscosity, drug content, effective dosage volume and mechanical properties of the film formed after application; bioadhesion and water vapour permeability were also tested. All the formulations showed results within acceptable range for various tests. The optimized formulation showed drug release of 98.76% and antifungal activity in terms of efficacy as 95.83%. It is stated that the created formulation will shorten therapy duration, increase patient acceptance, and represent a breakthrough in the treatment of skin infections.
Identification and functional analysis of genes selected using different chemometric techniques on multiarray expression data of liver from high-fat diet treated mice
Authors: Dharmaraj Saravanan , Rao U.S. Mahadeva , Azzubaidi Marwan , Sasidharan Sreenivasan
Published: October 2024

The prevalence of obesity is increasing, and this lifestyle disease is related to a high-fat diet, a surplus in caloric intake, and increased inflammation. This study aimed to use a publicly available dataset of microarray gene expression data from the liver of high-fat diet fed mice (GSE39549) to determine the functional importance of small subsets of the overall genes. The regulatory aspects of the chosen mice genes were extrapolated to human genes for the determination of potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets. The chemometric approaches of principal component analysis (PCA), random forest (RF), and genetic algorithm (GA) were used as data reduction techniques to select 50 genes from a total of 15,000 genes to differentiate liver samples from high-fat diet and normal diet-fed mice. A subset of 30 genes from each of the techniques were processed with classification techniques of k-nearest neighbor and support vector machines. The results showed that random forest was best at differentiating the samples and GA was the least accurate. The results of functional annotation and protein-protein interactions showed that genes selected by PCA and RF were more associated with obesity as they identified functions related to inflammatory processes, as well as lipid and cholesterol metabolic processes. The genes selected by GA identified processes related to cilium and cell projection. The proteins identified by RF, such as Msmo and Sqle, had roles in cholesterol metabolic and biosynthetic processes. The results showed that combining the genes selected by PCA and RF allowed a better understanding of the overall functional protein modules. The crosstalk genes such as Abcg5 as well as Abcg8 that relate cholesterol metabolic and biosynthetic process to glutathione metabolic process were identified. Various miRNAs-gene interactions are present in humans for most of the genes identified by PCA, RF, or GA. Some genes that showed fewer interactions with human miRNAs are CIDEA, PLIN4, and NME8. The results suggest the use of different chemometric analyses in combination with functional genomics to identify different sets of targets for diagnostic, therapeutic, and future research.
Is there an effect of anti-TNF-α drugs on Chronic Periodontitis in subjects with Rheumatoid Arthritis? A Scoping Review
Authors: Shyamkumar R Malvika , Agnihotri Rupali , Rajagopal Anjale
Published: October 2024

Chronic periodontitis (CP) is a multi-factorial disease affecting the periodontium, which destroys the alveolar bone and its supporting structures, eventually leading to tooth loss. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a chronic inflammatory disorder, affects the joints and causes their destruction, leading to disability. Although CP is essentially a microbial infection, it triggers the destructive host response that destroys the periodontal tissues and produces systemic consequences. Likewise, RA is an autoimmune disorder that causes bone resorption due to the release of inflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-1β, which induce monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and lytic enzymes that promote osteoclast formation and phagocytosis. Lately, anti-TNF-α drugs have been studied for their cytokine-blocking ability. They bind to TNF-α and block its biological effects with marked improvement in clinical and laboratory inflammatory parameters. However, there is only minuscule information about their effects on CP. Purpose: This review evaluated the role of anti-TNF-α drugs on CP in subjects with RA. Methods: A systematic search of databases like Medline (Pubmed), Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science and manual search yielded 48 studies, of which 7 were selected based on the inclusion criteria. Results: It was observed that anti-TNF-α drugs significantly inhibited TNF-α activity in RA and produced a positive effect on the periodontal parameters. However, some studies concluded that there was no direct influence of anti-TNF-α drugs on CP parameters. Conclusion: Anti-TNF-α drugs may be a plausible modality for managing CP associated with RA. These agents may be helpful in CP owing to their anti-inflammatory effect. Moreover, improvement of RA, may indirectly enhance the manual dexterity required for maintaining oral hygiene in these patients with resultant improvement of periodontal health. However, more evidence supporting this is needed; hence, future clinical trials in humans are imperative.
Effectiveness of Triage Professionals' Knowledge and Experience on Their Ability in Early Diagnosis and Consequent Treatment of Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Literature Review Study
Authors: T. Saleh Zyad , Aslanoglu Aziz , Al-Dgheim. Riyad , A. Sawalha Murad , A. Elshatarat Rami , Al-Akash Hekmat Y. , T. Almagharbeh Wesam , Al-Sayaghi Khaled M. , A. Alhefnawy Khadega , I. Zaiton Hala , Mohammad Abu Nassar Osama , Eltabey Sobeh Dena , M. Eltayeb Mudathir , Khalaf Alharbi Mohammed
Published: October 2024

Objective: To investigate the impact of triage professionals' knowledge, experience, and other key attributes on their ability to accurately diagnose and initiate early treatment for Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) through a review of existing literature. Methods: A literature review was conducted using established databases. Studies examining the relationship between triage professionals' expertise and their ability to manage suspected ACS cases were included. Results: The review uncovered several key themes regarding the role of triage professionals in managing suspected ACS cases: Triage professionals must possess multifaceted expertise, combining strong knowledge, clinical competency, effective communication, and sound decision-making skills to effectively manage potential ACS cases in high-pressure environments. Accurate ACS identification demands specific skills such as comprehensive knowledge, competent assessment, clear communication, and strong decision-making abilities. Experience plays a significant role in shaping triage professionals' abilities, enhancing intuitive skills and pattern recognition. However, it can also be susceptible to limitations such as fatigue-induced bias, highlighting the need for strategies to mitigate these challenges. Educational interventions emerge as effective tools for improving triage professionals' knowledge and confidence levels. Well-designed training programs have been shown to lead to quicker identification of high-risk patients, potentially resulting in improved patient outcomes. Despite these findings, the review identified several gaps and areas for improvement in current research. Limitations include a lack of emphasis on the direct link between interventions and patient outcomes, limited longitudinal studies, and variations in methodology and setting that hinder generalizability. Addressing these limitations is crucial for advancing our understanding of the effectiveness of educational interventions in improving the early management of ACS by triage professionals. Conclusion: Continuous learning, standardized practices, and ongoing research are crucial to optimize the role of triage professionals in early ACS management. Addressing the identified limitations in research methodology and implementing future studies as suggested can potentially improve patient outcomes and enhance the healthcare system's response to this time-sensitive condition.
Sludge Recovery from Wastewater Treatment Plants: A Review of Current Practices and Tips
Authors: EL Aammouri Safae , Benlemlih Noura , Ibriz Mohammed
Published: October 2024

Sludge recovery from “wastewater treatment plants” (WWTP) is an important aspect of the wastewater treatment process as it allows for the reuse of valuable resources and the reduction of waste. In this review, we examine current practices and tips for sludge recovery from wastewater treatment plants. We first discuss the various types of sludge produced in the treatment process, including primary, secondary, and tertiary sludge, and their respective characteristics. We then review the different methods used for sludge recovery, including thickening, dewatering, drying, and their respective advantages/disadvantages, and provide tips for optimizing sludge recovery, including proper sludge management, optimization of treatment processes, and incorporation of energy-efficient technologies. In parallel, we present an overview of the production, operation and nutrient composition of these sludges. Overall, the aim of this study is to provide an overview of sludge recovery in wastewater treatment plants and to offer practical insights for improving the efficiency and sustainability of this important process as well as the valorization of this important raw material.
Application of Cache Coherence Protocols in Enhancing Pharmacy Management Systems
Authors: Kashyap Mukesh , Jain Swati , Kumar Sanjay , Kumar Jain Kamlesh
Published: October 2024

The complexity of modern pharmacy management systems mirrors challenges faced in distributed computing, particularly in ensuring data consistency across multiple locations and systems. Cache coherence protocols, widely used in computer science to manage data consistency in multiprocessor systems, offer a valuable framework for addressing similar issues in pharmacy management. This paper explores the application of cache coherence protocols to pharmacy systems, proposing a model that enhances the accuracy, reliability, and efficiency of pharmacy operations, particularly in multi-location and online pharmacy environments
Innovations in Microwave Phased Array Antenna Beamforming for High Power Transmissions
Authors: Haichuan Zhang, Yuchuan Zhang, Haibo Wang, Yu Ao
Published: October 2024

This paper discusses recent innovations in beamforming techniques for microwave phased array antennas designed for high-power transmissions. The study addresses the challenges of maintaining beam precision and power efficiency in high-power environments by introducing new algorithms and design modifications. Key contributions include enhanced methods for real-time beam steering, power optimization, and minimizing interference, which are critical for high-power microwave systems. Through a combination of theoretical analysis and experimental validation, the paper demonstrates the improved performance of these innovative beamforming techniques in reducing sidelobe levels, increasing beam agility, and maintaining high-power throughput.
Integral theorems for the gradient of a vector field, with a fluid dynamical application
Authors: Lilly Jonathan , Feske Joel , Griffies Stephen
Published: October 2024

The familiar divergence and Kelvin–Stokes theorem are generalized by a tensor-valued identity that relates the volume integral of the gradient of a vector field to the integral over the bounding surface of the tensor product of the vector field with the exterior normal. The importance of this long-established yet relatively little-known result is discussed. In flat two-dimensional space, it reduces to a relationship between an integral over an area and that over its bounding curve, combining the two-dimensional divergence and Kelvin–Stokes theorems together with two related theorems involving the strain, as is shown through a decomposition using a suitable tensor basis. A fluid dynamical application to oceanic observations along the trajectory of a moving platform is given. The potential extension of the generalized two-dimensional identity to curved surfaces is considered and is shown not to hold. Finally, the paper includes a substantial background section on tensor analysis, and presents results in both symbolic notation and index notation in order to emphasize the correspondence between these two notational systems.
Ecological Radiations of Mammals: Before & After the K/Pg Mass Extinction
Authors: Mantilla Gregory Wilson
Published: October 2024

The research in the Wilson Lab aims to understand critical transitions in the deep-time history of life. One of the most captivating of these transitions is the early evolutionary radiation of mammals, which ultimately led to their striking diversity today, from the tiny bumblebee bat to the titanic blue whale. Specifically, we focus on how mammals evolved during the Mesozoic Era (220 to 66 million years ago), when major mammal groups originated, and fundamental changes in the anatomy, physiology, and ecology of mammals occurred. We combine paleontological and geological field work, description and systematic study of fossil specimens, and quantitative analysis of morphology, function, and ecology of extant and extinct taxa. This work elucidates the paleoecology and macroevolution of early mammals in the context of dinosaur-dominated terrestrial ecosystems, the breakup of Pangaea, and the end-Cretaceous mass extinction. In this seminar, I will summarize results from three research areas that span ecological scales from individual taxa to communities and ecosystems. A broader understanding of such ecological dynamics through time is critical to our understanding of the processes that govern ecosystem assembly and maintenance, topics that directly bear on efforts to forecast and mitigate the evolutionary and ecological consequences of our current biodiversity crisis.
Pembacaan Tradisi Makan terhadap 1 Korintus 11:17-34 dan Implikasinya bagi Tradisi Mukbang
Authors: Saputra Jefri Andri
Published: October 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menanggapi beberapa dampak tradisi mukbang. Mukbang menyebabkan pelanggaran etika makan, pola makan yang tidak sehat, dan sampah makanan. Masalah lain adalah adanya kesenjangan, di mana para Broadcast Jockey (BJ) memboroskan makanan ketika banyak orang lain justru kekurangan makanan dan kelaparan. Penulis memilih teks 1 Korintus 11:17-34 sebagai rujukan untuk mengonstruksikan pemahaman tentang makan yang benar. Metode penelitian dalam tulisan ini adalah kritik tradisi. Tradisi yang menjadi kerangka perspektif adalah tradisi makan dalam teks-teks Perjanjian Lama dan Perjanjian Baru. Penulis menemukan bahwa mukbang seharusnya berangkat dari makna esensial makanan yang merawat kehidupan. Makna ini menjadi landasan tentang pola makan yang sehat dan tindakan berbagi makanan sebagai prioritas dalam menyiarkan kegiatan makan.
Musical and Extra-Musical Texts in Christian Worship (Based on Marco Demarinis' Semantic Theory)
Authors: Tompo Hengki , Sasongko Michael Hari
Published: October 2024

Fundamentally, music as a performance exhibits two characteristics: musical and extra-musical. These two elements are interconnected, complementary, and inseparable. Musical elements cannot be fully understood without considering the surrounding aspects, which lie outside the music itself. This dual nature also applies to church music. However, music used in and for worship is also a performance. This research examines the presence of these two characteristics in musical performances during Christian worship. Through Marco DeMarinis' semiotic theory, these two characteristics are manifested in the relationship between text, co-text, and context. The study's findings demonstrate that musical elements are no more important than extra-musical elements because in Christian worship, the Word is the ultimate objective of a liturgy: Without music, Christian worship can still occur, but without the Word, worship cannot be conducted.
Residents' Perception of Physical Planning Regulations in Three Secondary Cities in Nigeria (A Study of Osogbo, Ile-Ife, and Iwo)
Authors:   Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, Daramola Oluwole , Mobolaji David ,   Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, Oyelade Taiwo ,   Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Published: October 2024

This paper assessed residents' perception of physical planning regulations with a focus on three major cities (Osogbo, Ile-Ife, and Iwo) in Osun State. Resident's perception was determined by level of awareness of physical planning regulations and experience with administrative practices in the enforcement of physical planning regulations in the study area. For data collection, each of the cities was stratified into three developmental zones, with satellite imageries of built-up areas in each city being subjected to Fishnet analysis in a GIS environment. An average of one house was randomly selected from 2 an area of 0.6 km . Thus, 108, 62 and 56 houses were selected in Osogbo, Ife and Iwo respectively and one resident was sampled in each of the selected houses to arrive at the sample size of 226 residents, to whom copies of the questionnaire were administered. Findings revealed that residents were not quite aware of physical planning regulations in each study area and that those with some knowledge of such regulations acquired it in the course of interacting with planning agencies. It was also found that administrative practices on the enforcement of physical planning regulations were not quite effective. Therefore, it is recommended that physical planning agencies should aim for more effectiveness in raising public awareness on physical planning regulations while improving their own administrative practices.
Robotic Technologies and Automation in Construction: A Systematic Review
Authors:   University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria, Faremi Olajide
Published: October 2024

The global construction industry is experiencing a high rate of disruption arising from the deployment of emerging robotic technologies and process automation. This study investigates research trends in robotic technologies and automation in the construction industry. Using topic-specific keywords to organise and summarise pertinent studies, the study undertook a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of robotic technologies and automation in construction. A systematic search of the databases of Scopus, Web of Science, and Dimensions was conducted, with a total of 9,515 journal articles retrieved from them. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 51 research papers met the parameters for meta analysis and systematic review. Data relating to the research papers' demography and to robotic technologies as well as automation in construction were mined, with a quantitative meta-analysis performed on them. The results show a spread of research efforts across Europe, Asia and America, with an increase in research output between 2019 and 2023. The results further show that construction gantry systems, bricklaying robots and 3D concrete printers are the most studied robotic technologies and automation processes in the sector. The study concludes that there is still a paucity of research on robotic technologies and automation in construction. The study therefore recommends further research on robotic technologies and automation in construction, especially with regard to their appropriate application and deployment in construction projects across Africa.
Ciencia, arte y participación comunitaria: la exposición de tiburones, transformando la divulgación científica en Colombia
Authors: Calderón Buitrago Paula
Published: October 2024

En la Universidad de los Andes ha surgido una iniciativa que está revolucionando la manera en que se comparte y comprende la ciencia en la sociedad. Tradicionalmente, los descubrimientos científicos se presentan en informes largos y, a menudo, difíciles de entender para el público general, pero eso está cambiando. La comunidad académica y los investigadores han comprendido que, aunque sus extensas jornadas de trabajo generan resultados valiosos, rara vez logran la visibilidad o el impacto esperado. Además, solemos pensar que los temas científicos solo interesan a quienes pasan días enteros en laboratorios, aislados y utilizando un lenguaje técnico incomprensible para la mayoría.
Por eso, ahora buscan nuevas formas de comunicar sus hallazgos, con el objetivo de ampliar su alcance y desmantelar la idea de que el conocimiento es aburrido y distante. Su meta es crear experiencias dinámicas, atractivas y envolventes, accesibles para personas de todas las edades y con diversos niveles de formación.
Un claro ejemplo de este cambio de paradigma es la exposición COLOMBIA: del Megalodón al tiburón linterna enano, pues no solo desafía los mitos sobre estas fascinantes criaturas marinas, sino que también genera un espacio innovador donde el arte, la investigación y la participación comunitaria se entrelazan para contar una historia de biodiversidad y conservación. Este proyecto demuestra cómo el conocimiento puede transformarse en una experiencia inclusiva y colaborativa, diseñada para conectar con la comunidad académica y con el público en general.
Acciones de libertad económica para un Puerto Rico justo y próspero
Authors: Carrión-Tavárez Ángel
Published: October 2024

Este informe presenta una muestra de las leyes y los reglamentos que coartan la libertad económica de las personas y el desarrollo del libre mercado en Puerto Rico. Las regulaciones identificadas constituyen barreras gubernamentales a la capacidad de las personas de participar en la esfera económica y de contribuir con su laboriosidad y su talento a la prosperidad y el bienestar de la sociedad. El informe ofrece recomendaciones para establecer y poner en marcha una nueva política pública con el objetivo de promover (a) el cese de la intervención innecesaria del Estado en la libertad económica de las personas y la iniciativa privada en el libre mercado, (b) la supresión del control gubernamental sobre los activos de producción, (c) la descentralización de la planeación económica y (d) la disminución de la redistribución de los ingresos de los trabajadores y las empresas. La adopción e implantación de las recomendaciones incluidas podría fomentar el desarrollo del sector privado basado en la competitividad y la innovación y la creación de riqueza para disminuir la pobreza y la dependencia en Puerto Rico.
Evidence-based orthobiologic practice: Current evidence review and future directions
Authors: Jeyaraman Madhan , Jeyaraman Naveen , Ramasubramanian Swaminathan , Balaji Sangeetha , Muthu Sathish
Published: October 2024

The field of orthopedic and regenerative medicine is rapidly evolving with the increasing utilization of orthobiologic. These biologically derived therapies, including platelet-rich plasma, mesenchymal stem cells, bone marrow aspirate concentrate, stromal vascular fraction (SVF), and autologous chondrocyte implantation, are gaining traction for their potential to enhance the body's natural healing processes. They offer a promising alternative to traditional surgical interventions for musculoskeletal injuries and degenerative conditions. Current evidence suggests significant benefits of orthobiologics in treating conditions like osteoarthritis, tendon injuries, and spinal disorders, yet inconsistencies in treatment protocols and outcomes persist. The global market for orthobiologics is projected to grow substantially, driven by advancements in biologic therapies such as adipose-derived stem cells and SVF, and the demand for minimally invasive treatments. Despite their promise, regulatory and ethical challenges, as well as the need for high-quality, standardized research, remain significant obstacles. Future directions in the field include advancements in delivery systems, personalized medicine approaches, and the exploration of novel sources like induced pluripotent stem cells, aiming for more targeted and effective treatments. Collaborative efforts are crucial to overcoming these challenges and ensuring the safe and effective application of orthobiologics in clinical practice.
Orthopedic revolution: The emerging role of nanotechnology
Authors: Ruan Wen-Jie , Xu Si-Si , Xu Dong-Hui , Li Zhi-Peng
Published: October 2024

This review summarizes the latest progress in orthopedic nanotechnology, explores innovative applications of nanofibers in tendon repair, and evaluates the potential of selenium and cerium oxide nanoparticles in osteoarthritis and osteoblast differentiation. This review also describes the emerging applications of injectable hydrogels in cartilage engineering, emphasizing the critical role of interdisciplinary research and highlighting the challenges and future prospects of integrating nanotechnology into orthopedic clinical practice. This comprehensive approach provides a holistic perspective on the transformative impact of nanotechnology in orthopedics, offering valuable insights for future research and clinical applications.
Research trends in exercise therapy for the treatment of pain in postmenopausal osteoporosis over the past decade: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Dai Zhao-Qiu , Gong Xiao-Yan , Zhang Rong , Jin Mei-Qin , Lu Wei , Wen Wen , Chen Jie , Lu Fang-Jie , Yang Yi-Fan , Wang Lei , He Xiao-Jin
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is the most common form of primary osteoporosis among women, and the associated pain often drives patients to seek clinical intervention. Numerous studies have highlighted the unique clinical benefits of exercise therapy (ET) in alleviating PMOP-related pain. However, bibliometric analyses examining collaboration, development trends, and research frontiers in the field of ET for PMOP pain remain scarce.

AIM

To explore the research trends in ET for pain treatment in PMOP patients over the past decade.

METHODS

All scholarly works were meticulously sourced from the Science Citation Index-Expanded within the prominent Web of Science Core Collection. Utilizing the capabilities of CiteSpace 6.2.R5, we conducted a thorough analysis of publications, authors, frequently cited scholars, contributing nations, institutions, journals of significant citation, comprehensive references, and pivotal keywords. Additionally, our examination explored keyword cooccurrences, detailed timelines, and periods of heightened citation activity. This comprehensive search, from 2014 through 2023, was completed within a single day, on October 11, 2023.

RESULTS

In total, 2914 articles were ultimately included in the analysis. There was a rapid increase in annual publication output in 2015, followed by stable growth in subsequent years. Boninger, Michael L, is the most prolific author, whereas Ware JE has the most citations. The United States’ global influence is significant, surpassing all other nations. The University of California System and Harvard University are the most influential academic institutions. J Bone Joint Surg Am is the most influential journal in this field. “Spinal cord injury” is the keyword that has garnered the most attention from researchers. The developmental pattern in this field is characterized by interdisciplinary fusion, with different disciplines converging to drive progress.

CONCLUSION

The academic development of the field of ET for pain in PMOP has matured and stabilized. Clinical management and rehabilitation strategies, along with the mechanisms underlying the relationship between ET and bone resorption analgesia, continue to be the current and future focal points of research in this field.
Simple and effective method for treating severe adult skeletal class II malocclusion: A case report
Authors: Xie Li-Li , Chu Dan-Yang , Wu Xiao-Feng
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Severe skeletal class II malocclusion is the indication for combined orthodontic and orthognathic treatment.

CASE SUMMARY

A woman with a chief complaint of a protruding chin and an inability to close her lips requested orthodontic camouflage. The treatment plan consisted of extracting the right upper third molar, right lower third molar, left lower second molar, and left upper third molar and moving the maxillary dentition distally using a convenient method involving microimplant nail anchors, push springs, long arm traction hooks, and elastic traction chains. After 52 months of treatment, her overbite and overjet were normal, and her facial profile was favorable.

CONCLUSION

This method can be used for distal movement of the maxillary dentition and to correct severe skeletal class II malocclusion in adults.
A comparison of mustard, household detergent and formalin as vermifuges for earthworm sampling
Authors: Grønstøl Gaute Bø , Solhøy Torstein , Løyning Mass Kåre
Published: October 2024

The efficiencies of three vermifuges (household detergent, mustard and formalin) in extracting earthworms were compared in a pasture in western Norway. Relative efficiency of detergent and mustard compared to formalin with respect to number of earthworms extracted, was 79% and 66%, respectively. No significant differences were found among the three treatments in proportion of juveniles, earthworm size, number of earthworms or biovolume of emerging earthworms. Two genera of earthworms were represented in the samples, Allolobophora spp. and Lumbricus spp. Genus composition differed among the three treatments, formalin extracting the highest percentage of Allolobophora spp. and mustard the lowest. The relative efficiency of the three vermifuges differed from what has been found in an earlier comparable study. Both mustard and household detergent are less detrimental to health of vegetation, earthworms and field workers than formalin, and given their relatively high efficiency as vermifuges, they might in many cases be preferable to formalin.
Monitoring the Atlantic Puffin Fratercula arctica, Common Guillemot Uria aalge and Black-legged Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla breeding populations on Hornøya, northeast Norway, 1980-2000
Authors: Barrett Robert T.
Published: October 2024

The breeding populations of Atlantic Puffins Fratercula arctica, Common Guillemots Uria aalge and Black-legged Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla have been monitored on Hornøya, East Finnmark since 1980 as part of the Norwegian seabird monitoring programme. Whereas numbers of Puffin burrows in plots monitored in 1981 - 1993 increased at a rate of 2.6% per year, there was no subsequent trend in counts made in a new scheme of circular plots started in 1990. Numbers of Common Guillemots collapsed between 1985 - 1987 but have since increased in all plots at a rate of 11.6% per year. Kittiwake numbers dropped significantly (1.5% per year) between 1980 - 1994, but stabilised between 1994 - 2000. Suggestions are made for improvements to the monitoring scheme to overcome inconsistencies in changes in numbers between plots (e.g. of Kittiwakes), to increase the sensitivity of the counts and for additions to help explain why any changes in the populations occur.
Sociodemographic correlates of fear-related attitudes toward the wolf (Canis lupus lupus). A survey in southeastern Norway
Authors: Bjerke Tore , Kaltenborn Bjørn P. , Thrane Christer
Published: October 2024

The recent increase in the grey wolf Canis lupus population in Norway has led to an intense debate about the management of this species. A telephone survey of fear-related attitudes toward the wolf was conducted in four counties in south eastern Norway. 52% claimed that they not at all, or to a small degree, would become concerned about their own or their family’s safety when being outdoors if wolves were living in their area, while 31% said they clearly would become more concerned. 36% of the sample expressed that they definitely would become more careful when walking in the fields and forest, 25% partly agreed to this, while 38% said they would not become more careful. 25% said they were very much afraid of wolves, 30% were somewhat afraid, while 43% were not afraid at all. Generally, women, the elderly, persons with short education, and rural inhabitants expressed more negative, fear-related attitudes than did other sociodemographic groups. Parents with young children expressed more fear of wolves compared to equally old parents without children at home, but this finding applied only to residents in the city. People who had a dog in their household were less afraid of wolves than those who did not have a dog; this applied only to rural residents. In general, the level of self-reported fear and concern equals what has been found in Sweden and Finland, but the attitudes found in Norwegian rural areas were more negative than attitudes of rural residents in Sweden. The results are discussed on the background of evolutionary/genetic, cultural, and political influences.
ANÁLISE EPIDEMIOLÓGICA: AUMENTO DOS RESULTADOS POSITIVOS PARA DENGUE NS1 EM PACIENTES ATENDIDOS NO PRIMEIRO TRIMESTRE DE 2023, EM COMPARAÇÃO COM O ANO ANTERIOR, EM UM LABORATÓRIO DE ANÁLISES CLÍNICAS EM UBERABA, MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Santos DRP , Reis CE , Moura IO , Barreto BO , Araújo CM , Nery LFA
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: A identificação precoce dos casos de dengue é importante para a tomada de decisões e a implantação de medidas de maneira oportuna, visando, principalmente, evitar a ocorrência de óbitos. A organização dos serviços de saúde, tanto na área de vigilância epidemiológica quanto na prestação de assistência médica, é necessária para reduzir a letalidade por dengue no país, bem como para permitir conhecer a situação da doença em cada região. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar o aumento dos resultados reagentes para dengue NS1 em pacientes atendidos no primeiro trimestre de 2023, em um laboratório de análises clínicas, comparando com o mesmo período de 2022. Método: Os dados foram obtidos de um banco de dados sem identificação individual, com dispensa de tramitação do sistema CEP/CONEP (Art.1º, item V, resolução 510/2016). Foi analisado o aumento dos resultados reagentes para o teste de dengue NS1 em pacientes atendidos no primeiro trimestre de 2023, em comparação com o mesmo período de 2022. Os dados foram obtidos por meio da extração de informações do SIL. Conclusão: No primeiro trimestre de 2023, 1.815 pacientes realizaram o teste de NS1, sendo 596 com resultado reagente e 1.219 com resultado não reagente. Em comparação com o mesmo período de 2022, 313 pacientes realizaram o teste de NS1, sendo 87 com resultado reagente e 226 com resultado não reagente. Ao comparar os anos, observamos um aumento de 585% nos resultados reagentes, acompanhado por um aumento de 480% no número de solicitações dos exames para NS1. Os dados obtidos neste estudo corroboram um aumento significativo nos resultados reagentes em 2023 em comparação com o ano anterior, representando um aumento de 585%. Referências: 1. Alcon S, Talarmin A, Debruyne M, Falconar A, Deubel V. Evaluation of dengue NS1 antigen detection assays with acute phase sera from patients infected with dengue virus in Southeast Asia. Diagnostic Microbiol Infect Dis. 2002; 43(4): 273-81.
DETECÇÃO DO RECEPTOR SOLÚVEL DE INTERLEUCINA 2 (CD25S) NO SORO POR ENSAIO DE ELISA IN HOUSE
Authors: Silva SCG , Dellavance A , Andrade LEC , Siciliano SRS
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: A cadeia α do receptor de IL-2 localiza-se em diferentes linhagens celulares. Sua estimulação com IL-2 promove proliferação de linfócitos no início da resposta imune. Nos hígidos, o CD25s está presente em baixas quantidades, e níveis séricos aumentados estão associados à ativação de linfócitos em processos infecciosos, inflamatórios e malignidades hematológicas. A dosagem de CD25s não é específica de uma única doença, mas importante para auxiliar o diagnóstico de doenças como a sarcoidose. Ademais, pode ser útil no monitoramento de doenças que cursem com níveis elevados de CD25s. O objetivo deste trabalho foi a avaliação da performance analítica de ensaio imunoenzimático in house para a detecção quantitativa de CD25s em amostras de soro. Método: O teste é baseado em Elisa sanduiche. Executamos ensaios de exatidão, precisão, definição de diluição e estabelecimento do valor de referência (VR) utilizando amostras de pacientes internados na UTI com Sars-CoV-2 (n83), com valores de CD25s conhecidos (n18) e de hígidos (n357). Os dados foram analisados no software EP Evaluator e Microsoft Excel. Conclusão: Estabelecemos a linearidade e concluímos que a diluição de 1:200 era a mais adequada, utilizando baixo volume de amostra e distinguindo amostras dentro e acima da normalidade. Verificamos ainda que os valores obtidos com a placa congelada e não congelada eram semelhantes. Considerando que a placa armazenada a -20°C otimiza a execução do teste, padronizamos o uso da placa congelada com estabilidade de um mês. Para a definição do VR, aplicamos a curva ROC e fizemos o levantamento de valores na literatura. Definimos o cut-off de 3900 pg/ml como o mais adequado. A especificidade foi 83,4% e a sensibilidade, de 64,4%. Na literatura, a média de sensibilidade era de 71,94% e a de especificidade, de 76,8%. Assim, os valores obtidos na validação estão coerentes com os da literatura. Na precisão, o CV máximo foi 14,7%. Os resultados da validação analítica obtiveram aprovação dos assessores médicos e mostraram-se adequados para sua aplicação na rotina.
INCIDENCIA DE SÍFILIS EN RELACIÓN CON LA PANDEMIA POR COVID-19 EN USUARIOS DEL HOSPITAL DE CLÍNICAS, URUGUAY
Authors: Ballesté R , Buzzi C , Correa N , Tessore C , Gonzalez A
Published: October 2024

Meta: Evaluar la incidencia de sífilis en relación con la pandemia por Covid-19. Método: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal desde marzo de 2018 a abril de 2023 de los casos de sífilis activa diagnosticados en el Hospital de Clínicas, Uruguay. Se definió como sífilis activa RPR ≥ a 8 unidades y TPHA positivo. Se dividió el período: 13 marzo 2018-12 de marzo 2019; 13 marzo 2019-12 marzo 2020; 13 de marzo 2020-12 marzo 2021; 13 de marzo 2021-12 de marzo 2022; 13 de marzo 2022-30 de abril 2023. Se calcularon incidencias, se compararon utilizando Chi cuadrado. Se clasificaron por rango etario y sexo. Conclusión: Se analizaron 18067 pacientes, 905 casos activos de sífilis. Las incidencias fueron: 3,5% 2018-2019; 4,1% 2019-2020; 5,6% 2020-2021; 5,5% 2021-2022 y 6,1% 2022-2023. 3,3% de los pacientes tenían 15-20 años, 47,4% 21-40 años, 26% 41-59 años, 23,3% 60 o más y 0,1% sin dato. De los casos activos predominó siempre el sexo masculino. Se obtuvo diferencia significativa de la incidencia entre los años 2018 frente a 2020 (p = 0,00006), 2021 (p = 0,00007) y 2022 (p = 0,00001), también 2019 frente a los mismos años (p = 0,009; p = 0,011; p = 0,001). No así entre 2018-2019 y 2020-2021-2022. A pesar de la situación de pandemia, aumentó significativamente la incidencia frente a los casos pre pandemia. Esto podría deberse a que la población que asistió al hospital correspondía a individuos con sintomatología y/o factores de riesgo bien definidos. Referencias: 1. Sífilis. Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiología clínica. 2019; 37(6): 398-404. 2. Nuevos datos parecen indicar que las ETS siguieron aumentando durante el primer año de la pandemia de Covid-19 [Internet]. Centros para el control y la prevención de enfermedades CDC. 2022 [citado 25 julio 2022]. Disponible en: https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/.
CITOCINAS PRÓ-INFLAMATÓRIAS NA PREDIÇÃO DE GRAVIDADE DA COVID-19
Authors: Ferreira AS , Muniz ACS , Bertolaccini MFL , Fook KD , Carvalho AT , Monteiro SCM , Pereira MLG , Mendes AVAP , Barbosa CDT
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Pacientes acometidos com a Covid-19 podem ter a elevação da concentração sérica de citocinas pró-inflamatórias, como a interleucina 6 (IL-6), o interferon alfa-2 (IFN-alfa2) e a interleucina 16 (IL16). O objetivo deste estudo é determinar o poder de predição de citocinas pró-inflamatórias na gravidade da Covid-19. Método: Trata-se de um estudo translacional com pacientes adultos, positivos para Sars-CoV-2, dos quais foram coletados dados sociodemográficos e hospitalares; além disso, foi determinada a concentração sérica de citocinas pró-inflamatórias IL-6, IFNalfa2 e IL-16. Os participantes positivos foram divididos de acordo com a gravidade da doença (Covid-19 moderada e Covid-19 grave), o que foi determinado pelo local de internação (enfermaria ou UTI) associado à saturação de oxigênio ou à necessidade de ventilação mecânica. A análise estatística utilizada foi a Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (Curva ROC). Os dados foram analisados utilizando-se o software programa estatístico IBM SPSS versão 24, com nível de significância de 0,05. Conclusão: A amostra foi composta por 51 de pacientes positivos para Covid-19 (RT-PCR). Destes, 15 pertencentes ao grupo moderado e 36 ao grupo grave, com média de idade de 53,71 anos (± 13,98 anos), com predominância do sexo masculino (60,8%); 17,6% foram a óbito. O poder de predição das citocinas em diferenciar os casos moderados dos graves na Covid-19 foi apresentado em modelos de curva ROC. A IL-6 apresentou área sob a curva (AUC) de 0,727, com ponto de corte > 0,93; a IL-16, AUC de 0,740, com ponto de corte > 33,55; e o IFN-Alfa2, AUC de 0,727, com ponto de corte > 3,06, o que demonstra serem bons preditores de gravidade da Covid-19. Este estudo demonstrou que as citocinas pró-inflamatórias IL-6, IL-16 e IFN-Alfa2 foram capazes de predizer a gravidade da Covid-19, podendo, assim, serem biomarcadores laboratoriais de grande auxílio no manejo clínico do paciente.
A COLORAÇÃO DA TAMPA DO FRASCO IMPACTA NA DOSAGEM DE METAIS NA URINA?
Authors: Brochi L , Silva CCB , Mendonça DCS
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar possíveis interferências da coloração das tampas dos tubos cônicos na dosagem de metais pesados em rotinas de saúde ocupacional. Método: Foram coletadas 40 amostras de urina de pacientes voluntários de exame periódico ocupacional. A coleta dos recipientes supracitados foi realizada através de uma única micção, na qual o participante do estudo coletou a urina em um copo coletor e a transferiu para ambos os tubos. Estes foram encaminhados para análise, no entanto, somente os resultados do tubo cônico de tampa azul foram liberados para os pacientes; os resultados do tubo cônico de tampa incolor foram disponibilizados em planilha para análise e avaliação dos possíveis interferentes nos resultados. Como foram utilizados pacientes voluntários, todos foram submetidos ao termo de consentimento livre esclarecido. Todas as amostras foram submetidas ao mesmo processo pré-analítico de preparo e envio de material para o núcleo técnico operacional no Rio de Janeiro (RJ), para o setor de toxicologia, onde foram analisadas no equipamento ICPMS Agilent 7700 metodologias: ICP-MS (plasma indutivamente acoplado ao espectrômetro de massa). Conclusão: Após comparação de métodos quantitativos e qualitativos dos exames de mercúrio pré-jornada de trabalho, os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente para verificar a comparabilidade das amostras pela equipe de qualidade e área médica do laboratório, onde se observou que os resultados não sofreram variações de significância clínica. O uso do recipiente com tampa azul não interfere na dosagem do exame de mercúrio na urina. Referência: 1. Recomendações da Sociedade Brasileira de Patologia Clínica/Medicina Laboratorial (SBPC/ML): boas práticas em laboratório clínico. 1. Ed. Barueri (SP): Manole; 2020.
SÍNDROME LÚPUS NEONATAL: UM RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Santos IO , Rodrigues SS , Silva APMA , Lemos VS , Nunes CCG , Marques AG , Campos DALS , Welter EAR , Mangueira CLP
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Demonstrar a alteração do exame FAN para uma recém-nascida (RN) exposta aos anticorpos anti-SS-A/Ro e antiSSB/La maternos ao longo de oito meses, contribuindo para uma visão prática do caso para o profissional de laboratório clínico, especialmente para o leitor de FAN. Método: Neste relato descrevemos um caso de uma RN com exantema em couro cabeludo, máculas confluentes em formatos de aros hiperemiados, não dolorosas à palpação e não exsudativas; feita a hipótese de lúpus neonatal. Sua mãe, de 35 anos, sem diagnóstico prévio de lúpus eritematoso sistêmico (LES), apresentava resultados laboratoriais concordantes, evidenciando a transferência placentária de anticorpos anti-SS-A/Ro e anti-SSB/ La. Os soros da mãe e da RN foram testados para FAN, anticorpos anti-SSA/Ro e anti-SS-B/La com os conjuntos diagnósticos ANA HEp-2 IFA (AESKU.BION Bion Enterprises, USA e NOVA Lite® Inova Diagnostics, USA), Quanta Lite® ELISA (Inova Diagnostics, USA) e Quanta Flash® CLIA Bio-Flash® (Inova Diagnostics, USA), conforme instruções dos fabricantes. Apresentamos este caso identificado na rotina laboratorial de pesquisa de autoanticorpos anticélulas HEp-2, com resultado negativo e teste anterior positivo com padrão nuclear pontilhado fino (AC-4a) título 1/5120, há oito meses. Esse padrão apresenta associação antigênica com SS-A/Ro e SS-B/La. Conclusão: Esse relato de caso exemplificou a transferência placentária de autoanticorpos da mãe ao feto, pois, na RN, o padrão nuclear pontilhado fino (AC-4) em alto título 1/5120 desapareceu após oito meses, à medida que os níveis de anticorpos anti-SS-A/Ro também foram diminuindo. Isso não foi evidenciado para a mãe, em quem doença não é transitória e os autoanticorpos permaneceram elevados.