bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In vivo nephroprotective effect of herbal plants towards gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity: A literature review
Authors: Cahyani Erlyn Dwi , Prasetya Rahmad Aji , Ma'rifah Izzatul , Widia Deby Nanda Tri , Dewi Tiara Sri , Putri Sulfa
Published: September 2023

Latar belakang: Gentamisin berpotensi menyebabkan nefrotoksisitas karena akumulasi dalam nefron dan memicu produksi radikal bebas. Karena itu, tubuh merespon dengan memproduksi antioksidan endogen. Namun, banyaknya radikal bebas yang terbentuk membutuhkan antioksidan eksogen dari tanaman herbal untuk mengimbanginya. Hanya saja diperlukan uji preklinis dan klinis untuk membuktikan khasiat dari tanaman obat yang dapat melindungi ginjal dari nefrotoksisitas gentamisin.

Tujuan: Artikel ini memberikan gambaran secara ilmiah tentang efek nefroprotektif tanaman herbal pada diinduksi gentamisin secara in vivo.

Metode: Pencarian literatur melalui basis data ScienceDirect pada bulan Juli 2022 menggunakan kata kunci “kerusakan ginjal”, “tanaman herbal”, dan “gentamisin” diperoleh total 12 untuk direviu.

Hasil: Didapatkan 12 tanaman herbal yang terbukti dapat mengembalikan penurunan fungsi ginjal karena kerusakan yang diinduksi gentamisin. Hal ini terlihat dari peningkatan signifikan kadar BUN dan/atau kreatinin pada hewan coba yang mendapat terapi tanaman herbal dibandingkan kelompok perlakuan gentamisin. Efek nefroprotektif pada tanaman disebabkan adanya kandungan beberapa senyawa seperti flavonoid, polifenol, dan tanin. Walaupun masing-masing tanaman memiliki kandungan senyawa yang berbeda-beda, namun semuanya memiliki aktivitas antioksidan untuk melindungi ginjal dengan mekanisme menghambat atau mencegah terjadinya oksidasi dalam sel pada ginjal karena induksi gentamisin.

Kesimpulan: Kandungan antioksidan senyawa pada tanaman herbal berpotensi untuk mencegah atau mengatasi nefrotoksisitas akibat penggunaan gentamisin.
Karakterisasi dan Penetapan Kadar Flavonoid Total Ekstrak dan Fraksi Bunga Pepaya Jantan (Carica papaya L.) dengan Spektrofotometri UV-Vis
Authors: Pratiwi Dilla Nur , Utami Nastiti , Pratimasari Diah
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground: The potential of male papaya flowers (Carica papaya L.) as functional herbal ingredients, such as antioxidants, is influenced by the activity of secondary metabolites, one of them is flavonoid.Objective: This study to determine the content of flavonoid and characterization flavonoids in ethanol extract and fractions of male papaya flower (Carica papaya L.).Method: Male papaya flower was maceration using ethanol 70% then fractionated using multilevel fractionation. Identification flavonoid was tested by using the Taubeck, Wilstater, and TLC. Extract and fractions were determined the content of flavonoid using colorimetric method and identification of flavonoids based on the wavelength of cinnamoyl and benzoyl in the spectrum UV-Vis.Results: The results of the determination of flavonoid content showed that ethanol extract was the highest 0.6805 ± 0.0045 %QE and n-hexane fractions was the lowest 0.4178 ± 0.0058 %QE. Identification of flavonoids using UV-Vis spectroscopy method showed the absorption of substituted 3-OH flavonol and free 3-OH flavonol.Conclusion: The highest flavonoid content was found in the ethanol extract of male papaya flower. The types of flavonoids in the extract and fractions of male papaya flower indicated the type of flavonol based on the wavelength of cinnamoyl and benzoyl.Keywords: carica, flavonoid, cinnamoyl, benzoyl, UV-Vis Intisari Latar belakang: Potensi bunga pepaya jantan (Carica papaya L.) sebagai bahan fungsional herbal, seperti antioksidan dipengaruhi oleh aktivitas dari metabolit sekunder, salah satunya flavonoid.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar flavonoid total serta karakterisasi flavonoid dalam ekstrak etanol dan fraksi bunga pepaya jantan (Carica papaya L.).Metode: Bunga pepaya jantan dilakukan maserasi dengan etanol 70%, dilanjutkan fraksinasi bertingkat. Identifikasi flavonoid dilakukan menggunakan metode Taubeck, Wilstater dan KLT. Kadar flavonoid ekstrak dan fraksi ditetapkan menggunakan metode kolorimetri serta identifikasi flavonoid berdasarkan pita cinnamoyl dan benzoyl pada spektrum UV-Vis.Hasil: Hasil penetapan kadar flavonoid menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol memiliki kadar tertinggi sebesar 0,6805 ± 0,0045 %QE, serta kadar terendah dalam fraksi n-heksan sebesar 0,4178 ± 0,0058 %QE. Identifikasi flavonoid metode spektrofotometri UV-Vis menunjukkan penyerapan flavonol 3-OH substitusi dan flavonol 3-OH bebas.Kesimpulan: Kadar flavonoid tertinggi ditemukan dalam ekstrak etanol bunga pepaya. Jenis flavonoid dalam ekstrak dan fraksi bunga pepaya jantan mengindikasikan jenis flavonol berdasarkan panjang gelombang dari cinnamoyl dan benzoyl.Kata kunci : carica, flavonoid, cinnamoyl, benzoyl, UV-Vis
INTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATION (IMC) STRATEGIES AT SHARIA SYAFAAT MARCOMM DIGITAL AGENCY IN YOGYAKARTA IN 2021
Authors: Ulhusna Ula , Siti Latifah Mubasiroh
Published: September 2023

Integrated Marketing Communicationplay a key role in managing marketing strategies. IMC itself focuses on marketing its product, services and facilities to gain good public opinion and maintance a positive image.the purpose of this study is to describe the work system of IMC at sharia Syafaat Marcomm Digital Agency itself. The constructivist paradigm is the mainstay of this research because the truth of reality which is seen as a result of social construction and the truth of realyty are relative. This is support by a target sampling technique, namely looking for relevant informants such as directors and general managers to ensure the data obtained are valid. This study use qualitative research, which describes the problem under study obtained through interviews with interview tehniques, observation and collection of documentation. Syafaat Marcomm uses IMC such as advertising, Consumer Sales Promotion, Trade Sales Promotion, Public Relation, and Publications, Sponsorship and Event, Direct Marketing in serving clients and applaying to clients. In accordance with thw vision and mission of improving product quality and quality to develop following technological civilization and becoming a creative company in every information technology service.
On the Edge: New Research on Gender and Love
Authors: Ade Wernmei Yong , Byrne Deirdre C. , Gardiner Kelly
Published: September 2023

A roundtable discussion featuring Serena Petrella, Associate Professor of Sociology, Gender and Women’s Studies at Brandon University, Canada; Amanda Gouws, SARChI Chair in Gender Politics at Stellenbosch University, South Africa; and Danai Mupotsa, Senior Lecturer in the Department of African Literature at the University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa.

Hosted by Dr Wernmei Yong Ade (Mei), formerly from Nanyang Technical University, Singapore, now living in the US; Professor Deirdre Byrne (Deirdre), University of South Africa, and Dr Kelly Gardiner (Kelly), La Trobe University, Australia. The roundtable discussion was held online and recorded on 2 February 2023.
The Work of Gender: Service, Performance and Fantasy in Contemporary Japan
Authors: Tsao Kai E.
Published: September 2023

Review of the book The Work of Gender: Service, Performance and Fantasy in Contemporary Japan, edited by Gitte Marianne Hansen and Fabio Gygi.
Cancer Metabolism as a Therapeutic Target and Review of Interventions
Authors: Halma Matthew TJ , Tuszynski Jack A , Marik Paul E
Published: September 2023

Cancer is amenable to low-cost treatments, given that it has a significant metabolic component, which can be effected through diet and lifestyle change at minimal cost. The Warburg hypothesis states that cancer cells have altered cell metabolism towards anaerobic glycolysis. Given this metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells, it is possible to target cancers metabolically by depriving them of glucose. In addition to dietary and lifestyle modifications which work on tumors metabolically, there are a panoply of nutritional supplements and repurposed drugs associated with cancer prevention, and better treatment outcomes. These interventions and their evidentiary basis are covered in the latter half of this review to guide future cancer treatment.
Differences in the Effects of Work Environment on Health Problems and Satisfaction of Working Condition by Gender: The 6th Korean Working Conditions Survey
Authors: Myungsun Ko , Hyeseon Chae , Sooin Park , Insoo Kim
Published: September 2023

This study investigated gender differences in exposure to hazardous factors, health problems, and work environment satisfaction and identified the effects of such differences on farmworkers in Korea. Through the 6th Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS) conducted by the Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute (OSHRI), the raw data on 2,347 farm-workers were analyzed to present descriptive statistics for demographic characteristics, exposure to hazardous factors, health problems, and work environment satisfaction. We compared be-tween genders using chi-squared tests and investigated the effects of gender-specific working conditions on work-related health problems and work environment satisfaction using multi-variate logistic analysis. The results were presented as an odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval. Job position predicted work-related health problems in male farmworkers and work environment satisfaction in female farmworkers. Furthermore, female farmworkers perceived themselves to have more health problems than male farmworkers. Nevertheless, female farm-workers received less health and safety information and had lower work environment satisfac-tion compared to male farmworkers. The findings may improve the occupational welfare of farmworkers through continuous enhancement of the agricultural labor environment.

Keywords: work-related; working condition; farmworker; agriculture; musculoskeletal; KWCS
Real-Time Classification of Motor Imagery using Dynamic Window-level Granger Causality Analysis of fMRI Data
Authors: Liu Tianyuan , L Bao , Zhang Chi , Chen Panpan , Zhao WeiChen , Yan Bin
Published: September 2023

This article presents a method for extracting neural signal features to identify the imagination of left and right hand grasping movements. A functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment is employed to identify four brain regions with significant activations during motor imagery(MI) and the effective connections between these regions of interest (ROIs) were calculated using Dynamic Window-level Granger Causality (DWGC). Then, a real-time fMRI(rt-fMRI) classification system for left and right hand MI is developed using the Open-NFT platform. The experimental results show that incorporating effective connections can enhance the average accuracy of real-time three-class classification (rest, left hand and right hand) by 3% in comparison to traditional multivoxel pattern classification analysis(MVPA). Moreover, it significantly improves classification accuracy during the initial stage of MI tasks while reducing the latency effects in real-time decoding. The study suggests that the effective connections obtained through the DWGC method serve as valuable features for real-time decoding of MI using fMRI. Moreover, they exhibit higher sensitivity to changes in brain states. This research offers theoretical support and technical guidance for extracting neural signal features in the context of fMRI-based studies.
Multiobjective Optimization of Weight Reduction Process Parameters of Micropolyester Woven Fabrics Using Taguchi-Grey Relational Analysis
Authors: Ahmed Almetwally Alsaid , M. Elfowaty Heba
Published: September 2023

The weight loss process variables of alkali-treated micropolyester woven fabric were optimized and reported in this study. The grey relational analysis (GRA) with the help of the Taguchi technique was efficiently used to optimize the key variables of this process. The caustic soda concentration, treatment temperature, and weight loss machine speed were considered the control or design parameters. The weight reduction percentage, air permeability, tensile strength, and thermal resistance of alkali-treated woven polyester fabrics were also considered as responses in this study. The experiments were implemented according to a 33 full factorial design. The levels of the control parameters which yield the maximum weight reduction, tensile strength, air permeability, and minimum thermal resistance of the treated polyester fabrics were found to be NaOH concentration and treatment temperature with the highest levels, and machine speed with the lowest level. This means that a 27% caustic soda concentration, treatment temperature of 125 OC, and machine speed of 40 m/min exhibited the optimum properties of the treated micropolytester fabrics. It is also proved that the treatment temperature is the most influential factor affecting the micropolyester fabric’s properties. The confirmation test which was carried out in this study confirmed that the GRA improved the alkali-treated polyester fabric properties.
Tithonia diversifolia Improves In Vitro Rumen Microbial Synthesis of Sheep Diets
Authors: Pérez-Márquez Simón , Ovani Vagner Silva , Lima Paulo de Mello Tavares , Lana Ângela Maria Quintao , Louvandini Helder , Abdalla Adibe Luiz , Maurício Rogerio Martins
Published: September 2023

Among the alternatives pointed out as able to make livestock a more efficient activity and reduce its environmental impact, the use of feeds with high digestibility and the use of non-conventional fodder species can be highlighted. Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray (TD) has already gained attention as a feed for ruminants. Nonetheless, there has been little discussion about the impacts of this plant on the rumen dynamics that lead to better animal performance. The aim of this study was to assess how increasing levels of TD could affect ruminal microbial biomass synthesis, degradability, and in vitro gas production (IVGP) of diets. Four diets were evaluated: a control diet (TD0: 400 g kg-1 soybean meal and corn grain, and 600 g kg-1 Tifton 85 hay (Cynodon spp)) and three increasing levels of TD (TD9: 90, TD27: 270, and TD45: 450 g kg-1 – dry matter basis) as a replacement for dietary roughage. A 96-hour IVGP assay was carried out and five incubation times (2, 4, 10, 24, and 96 hours) were used for degradability determination. Gas produced, methane (CH4), degradability of organic matter (IVDOM), short-chained fatty acid (SCFA) production, partitioning factor (PF), and microbial biomass (MB) were evaluated among treatments. There was no significant effect (P>0.05) between TD inclusion and IVGP at most incubation times; only at 6 hours of incubation did gas production increase linearly with TD inclusion (R2=0.19; P<0.05). TD inclusion had no effects on CH4. IVDOM increased linearly with TD inclusion at 6 and 10 hours, with TD45 being more degradable than the control diet at 6 hours only. There was a positive linear relationship (R2=0.20; P<0.05) between TD inclusion and PF. TD45 had significantly higher PF values than the control. MB also increased linearly (R2=0.30; P<0.05) with TD inclusion, and all diets with TD had significantly more MB than the control diet. The inclusion of TD at the levels used in this work was revealed to have a positive impact on microbial protein synthesis, which could be related to the higher microbial efficiency of increased substrate quality.
The Initial Hepatitis B Virus-Hepatocyte Genomic Integrations and Their Role in Hepatocellular Oncogenesis
Authors: Michalak Tomasz I
Published: September 2023

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a dominant cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Recently it was shown that HBV and woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) integrate into hepatocyte genome minutes after invasion. Retrotransposons and transposable sequences were frequent sites of the initial insertions suggesting a mechanism for spontaneous HBV DNA disperse throughout hepatocyte genome. Several somatic genes were also identified as early insertional targets in infected hepatocytes and woodchuck livers. Head-to-tail joints (HTJs) dominated amongst fusions indicating their creation by non-homologous-end-joining (NHEJ). Their formation coincided with robust oxidative damage of hepatocyte DNA. This was associated with activation of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1)-mediated dsDNA repair as reflected by augmented transcription of PARP1 and XRCC1, the PARP1 binding partner, OGG1, a responder to oxidative DNA damage, and by increased activity of NAD+, a marker of PARP1 activation, and HO1, an indicator of cell oxidative stress. The engagement of the PARP1-mediated NHEJ repair pathway explains HTJ format of the initial merges. The findings showed that HBV and WHV are immediate inducers of oxidative DNA damage, hijack dsDNA repair to integrate into hepatocyte genome and by this may initiate pro-oncogenic process. Tracking initial integrations may uncover early markers of HCC and help to explain HBV-associated oncogenesis.
Reinoculation of Rhizobium Tropici at Different Bean Growth Stages
Authors: Lourenço Amanda Eliás , Teixeira Itamar Rosa , Silva Gisele Carneiro , Santos Fenelon Lourenço , Silva Guilherme Romão , Reis Elton Fialho , Lisboa Cristiane Fernandes , Kikuti Hamilton
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to verify the responsiveness of common bean plants subjected to re-inoculation of Rhizobium in topdressing applied at different stages in edaphoclimatic conditions of the Cerrado. A randomized block design was used, with four replications: T1=uninoculated control; T2=inoculation via seed (VS); T3=VS + reinoculation at the V4 stage; T4=VS + reinoculation at the R5 stage; T5=VS + reinoculation at the R6 stage; T6=VS + reinoculation in at V4 and R5 stages; T7=VS + re-inoculation at V4 and R6 stage; T8=VS + reinoculation at R5 and R6 stages; T9=VS + reinoculation at V4, R5, and R6 stages, and T10=mineral nitrogen fertilization. Nodulation and morphological variables were evaluated at the R7 stage and agronomic variables at R9 at harvest. The use of reinoculation, in addition to inoculation, positively influenced the bean nodulation process. The morphological characteristics of the plants showed good development with the supply of N performed by inoculation and reinoculation, equivalent to the addition of mineral nitrogen fer-tilizer. Reinoculation from R5 to R7 stagesproved ineffective in supplying N to the common bean crop. Inoculation associated with reinoculation at the V4 stage provided higher yields and could replace mineral nitrogen fertilizer.
Preparation, Characterization of Magnetic Chitosan nanoparticles Coated with Fe3O4 Prepared by Ex-situ Co-precipitation Method
Authors: Meena Hari Mohan , Kukreti Shrikant , Jassal P.S
Published: September 2023

The suspension cross-linking technique has been utilized to create the magnetic chitosan nanoparticles, which were then applied to the magnetic carrier method at 80°C. First the FeCl2 and FeCl3 solution co-precipitated and synthesized Fe3O4 for utilization in the formation of magnetic chitosan nanoparticles, it has been characterized by utilizing DLS (Dynamic light scattering), XRD (X-ray diffraction spectrometer), FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), which identified structure, size, FE-SEM (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope) and HR-TEM (High-resolution transmission electron microscopy) which identified structure and particle size whereas magnetic behavior of chitosan nanoparticles was determined by VSM (Vibrating sample magnetometer). According to the results collected, the magnetic chitosan nanoparticles have been spherical in form and size ranging from around 250 to 400 nm.
Regional Gravity Field Modeling Using Band-Limited SRBFs: A Case Study in Colorado
Authors: Ma Zhiwei , Yang Meng , Liu Jie
Published: September 2023

The use of spherical radial basis functions (SRBFs) in regional gravity field modeling has become popular in recent years. However, to our knowledge, their potential for combining gravity data from multiple sources, particularly data with different spectrum information in the frequency domain, has not been extensively explored. Therefore, band-limited SRBFs, which have good lo-calization characteristics in the frequency domain, are the main tool in this study. We propose a residual and a-prior accuracy comparative analysis method to determine the optimal degree of expansion of SRBFs for gravity data. Using this methodology, we constructed a high-resolution geoid model called ColSRBF2023 in Colorado. The degrees of expansion for terrestrial and airborne data were set to 5200 and 1840, respectively. Results indicate that ColSRBF2023 has a standard deviation (STD) value of 2.3 cm compared to the GSVS17 validate data. This value is 2-6 mm lower than models obtained using different degrees of expansion for gravity data and models from other institutions considered in this study. Additionally, at the 1'×1' grid in the entire target area, ColSRBF2023 has an STD value of 2.4 cm when compared to the validation model. This value is also the best among the options examined in this study. These findings highlight the importance of determining the optimal expansion degree of gravity data, particularly when constructing high-resolution gravity field models in rugged mountainous regions.
A Mouse Model of Low Adipocyte Transferrin Recapitulates the Phenotype of a Human Genetic Polymorphism Associated with Insulin Sensitivity and Transferrin Expression
Authors: Lorenzo Felipe R , Das Swapan K , Harrison Alexandra V , Sink Sandy , McClain Donald A
Published: September 2023

Transferrin (TF) is a key iron carrier protein. Studies in human cohorts and in cultured adipocytes suggested that decreased transferrin expression and intracellular iron in adipocytes leads to impaired insulin responsiveness and causes differential expression of genes involved in metabolism, insulin action, and obesity. While suggestive, these studies did not definitively prove in an intact organism that altering TF expression in adipocytes is sufficient to affect glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance. In this study we created a mouse model of decreased transferrin expression only in adipocytes (Trf+/-Cre+/-) to test the hypothesis that iron trafficking in adipose tissue is sufficient to affect insulin sensitivity. Area under the glucose curve (AUCg) after intraperitoneal glucose administration was increased in the Trf+/-Cre+/- mice compared to wild type (WT) mice on a normal chow diet, and the mice were slightly heavier (p=0.02 for both). Homeostasis Model of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) values were also significantly higher in the Trf+/- Cre+/- mice (p<0.05). Thus, supporting our hypothesis, analysis of mice with decreased expression of TF restricted to adipocytes showed that a decrease in adipocyte TF is sufficient to affect insulin resistance, weight, and glucose homeostasis.
Improvement of Environmental Uniformity in Seedling Plant Factory with Porous Panels Using CFD
Authors: Lee Seong-Won , Seo Il-Hwan , An Se-Woong , Na Hae-Young
Published: September 2023

The seedling plant factory requires precise environmental control to ensure uniform growth within a short time cultivation period. To provide optimal temperature, humidity, and airflow, it is necessary to interpret the internal aerodynamics. However, the analysis based on field experiments has limitations in interpreting the invisible flow patterns. To overcome this limitation, CFD simulations were employed. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a CFD model of the seedling plant factory with the porous panel for improving the internal environment and to identify the fluid dynamics issues using the validated model. Based on the field monitoring data obtained by 90 data loggers, the average temperature and humidity during the 16-hour light period and 8-hour dark period were maintained within 1% of the set values. However, regional differences occurred, which led to the design of a CFD model incorporating the porous panel to simulate these variations. The Realizable k-ε turbulence model, which exhibited an error of 4.0% in comparison with the field data, was selected through validation test among four different turbulence models with the same configuration of the seedling plant factory. The CFD simulation results were interpreted quantitatively and qualitatively, focusing on the airflow, temperature, and humidity distributions caused by the air conditioner and humidifier. Variations in average temperature of up to 0.5 degrees and velocity differences of 0.28 m/s were observed depending on the location of the cultivation shelves. The locations and causes of stagnant regions resulting from the airflow patterns were identified through the simulations.
Advance in Cell Cultures, Cell Fusion and Cell Splitting of Medicinal and Edible Plant
Authors: Shi Fumei , Wang Chao
Published: September 2023

With worsening environmental degradation and increasing international demand for human health, plant cell based technology will be more important. The aim of this review is to give an overview regarding key points of current progress and development trend of nature medical and edible plants from the framework of whole plant cell engineering including cell cultures, cell fusion and cell splitting derived biotechnology. Here we sum up three main application trends of medical plants cell cultures covering industrial output, technology upgrading and potential resource development. We also provide classification and typification insights to summarize the development of somatic hybridization in cereal, vegetables crops and other medicinal and edible plants as well as application of artificial polyploidy induction in major medicinal herbs. Development medicinal and edible homologous plants based on modern plant cell engineering will bring us a promising future.
Thermosensitive Hydrogel-Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Parenteral Application of Chemotherapeutics
Authors: Voycheva Christina , Slavkova Marta , Popova Teodora , Tzankova Diana , Stefanova Denitsa , Tzankova Virginia , Ivanova Ivelina , Tzankov Stanislav , Spassova Ivanka , Kovacheva Daniela , Tzankov Borislav
Published: September 2023

Hydrogels can offer many opportunities for drug delivery strategies. They can be used on their own or their benefits can be further exploited in combination with other nanocarriers. Intelligent hydrogels that react to changes in the surrounding environment can be utilized as gatekeepers and provide sustained on demand drug release. In this study, a hybrid nanosystem for tempera-ture and pH sensitive delivery was prepared from MCM-41 nanoparticles grafted with newly synthesized thermosensitive hydrogel (MCM-41/AA-g-PnVCL). The initial particles were chemi-cally modified by carboxyl groups attachment. Later, they were grafted with agar (AA) and vi-nylcaprolactam (VCL) by free radical polymerization. Doxorubicin was applied as a model hy-drophilic chemotherapeutic drug. The successful formulation was confirmed by FT-IR and TGA. Transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering analysis showed small particles with negative zeta potential. Their release behaviour was investigated in vitro in different pH media and at different temperatures. At tumor simulating conditions (40ºC and pH 4.0) doxoru-bicin was almost completely released within 72 hours. The biocompatibility of the proposed na-noparticles was demonstrated by in vitro haemolysis assay. These results suggest the possible parenteral application of the newly prepared hydrogel-functionalized mesoporous silica nanopar-ticles for temperature-sensitive and pH-triggered drug delivery at the tumor site.
Artificial Intelligence in the Interpretation of Videofluoroscopic Swallowing Studies: Implications and Advances for Speech Pathologists
Authors: Girardi Anna M , Cardell Elizabeth A , Bird Stephen P
Published: September 2023

Radiological imaging is an essential component of a swallowing assessment. Artificial intelligence (AI), and especially deep learning (DL) models, have enhanced the efficiency and efficacy through which imaging is interpreted, and subsequently have important implications for swallow diagnostics and intervention planning. However, the application of AI for the interpretation of videofluoroscopic swallowing studies (VFSS) is still emerging. This review showcases recent literature in the use of AI to interpret VFSS and highlights clinical implications for speech pathologists (SPs). With a surge in AI research, there have been advances made in dysphagia assessment. Several studies have demonstrated successful implementation of DL algorithms to analyze VFSS. Notably, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been used to detect pertinent aspects of the swallowing process with high levels of precision. DL algorithms have the potential to streamline VFSS interpretation, improve efficiency and accuracy, and enable precise interpretation of instrumental dysphagia evaluation, which is especially advantageous when access to skilled clinicians is not ubiquitous. By enhancing precision, speed, and depth of VFSS interpretation, SPs can obtain a more comprehensive understanding of swallow physiology and deliver targeted and timely intervention that is tailored towards the individual. This has practical applications for both clinical practice and dysphagia research. As this research area grows and AI technologies progress, the application of DL in the field of VFSS interpretation is clinically beneficial and has the potential to transform dysphagia assessment and management. With broader validation and inter-disciplinary collaborations, AI-augmented VFSS interpretation is likely to transform swallow evaluation and ultimately improve outcomes for individuals with dysphagia.
Whether SARS-CoV-2 May Become Lethal Again? By Reference to the 1918 Influenza Virus
Authors: Yuan Shu , Jiang Si-Cong , Zhang Zhong-Wei , Fu Yu-Fan , Yang Xin-Yue , Li Zi-Lin , Hu Jing
Published: September 2023

Omicron variants have higher infectivity, more immune escape but lower risk of severe clinical outcomes than the ancestral variants. However, people are still wondering whether SARS-CoV-2 may become lethal again or whether some highly-pathogenic strain may emerge in the future. Omicron is more selective proliferation in the upper respiratory tract (URT). The temperature of human URT is 33–34°C, and the virus strains other than Omicron cannot replicate effectively at this temperature. While Omicron adapted to the low temperature environment, so its distribution mainly depends on the expression levels of ACE2 in cells. Similar distribution switch from lungs to URT has been observed for the 1918 H1N1 influenza virus, who vanished after 1921 and has been turned to be the seasonal human influenza A viruses. However, some relatively high-pathogenic SARS-CoV-2 strains and influenza-virus strains may still emerge in the future. Dynamic changes in the viral virulence should be monitored constantly.
Persistence Pays Off: Live Birth after Uterus Transplant, Over-coming Recurrent Pregnancy Loss with Cerclage Placement
Authors: Johannesson Liza , Anderson Sophie , Putman J Michael , Gunby Robert T , Zhang Lilly , Testa Giuliano , Gregg Anthony R
Published: September 2023

Recipients of uterus transplantation have unique factors that may increase their risk of cervical insufficiency. This report describes a uterus transplant recipient with cervical insufficiency resulting in two second-trimester miscarriages. After McDonald cerclages (one that failed), she underwent an interval transabdominal cerclage and delivered a healthy term child in her third pregnancy. The longitudinal information of this case provides observations from which we can propose testable hypotheses that address venous outflow and inflammation. This case also suggests that there could be a role for prophylactic cerclage placement at the time of transplantation.
Cattle grazing as a driver of landscape revitalisation in the rural-urban interface subjected to agricultural abandonment
Authors: Bobiec Andrzej , Muraina Taofeek O , Dołęga Agnieszka , Tobiasz-Salach Renata , Zaguła Grzegorz , Wolański Paweł , Wójcik Sebastian , Kuberski Łukasz
Published: September 2023

Recent Socio-economic changes resulted to mass abandonment of agricultural lands in Central-Eastern Europe. This leads to landscapes homogenisation, especially the disappearance of semi-open habitats of the farmland-woodland interface. The information on potentials of transforming feral, abandoned landscapes to wood-pastures is limited. We studied the ecological features and silvopastoral benefits of a landscape subjected to intensive cattle grazing after ~20 years of abandonment, i.e. the mosaic of habitats, cattle’s preference for habitats and for arboreal forages. The nutritional characteristics of arboreal forage and herbaceous forage were compared. After the initial increase in the landscape’s woodland share, cattle grazing halted further woody succession and stabilised the landscape structure, with treeless grassland occupying 49% of the landscape (most preferred by cattle with regard to the time spent), followed by treed grassland (19%), pioneering birch/alder groves (13%), riparian vegetation (12%, least preferred by cattle), and close-canopy woods (6%). The consumption intensity of arboreal forages was on about 4.5 folds higher than that of herbaceous forage. Our study proved that the grazing herd of arobust cattle breed can turn a feral, post-agricultural land into a working wood pasture, consisting of interconnected open grasslands and various facets of woodland, which seldom occur in contemporary high forests. We advocate for the transition management of abandoned farmlands towards integrated silvopastoral landscapes for sustainable provision of multiple ecosystem services that cannot be provided by segregated agriculture and forestry.
Andrographis paniculata Leaves Extract Alleviates UVB-induced HaCaT Cells through Suppressing MAPKs Activation
Authors: Bayazid Al Borhan , Hwang Ue kyoung , Jang Young-Ah , Jeong Yeong Hwan , Jo Yu Chang , Lim Beong Ou
Published: September 2023

Andrographis paniculata leaves have been widely used in traditional medicine due to their rich content of phenolic compounds. In this study, we evaluated the total phenolic and flavonoid content of Andrographis paniculata leaf extracts (ALE), as well as its antioxidant activities against DPPH, ABTS, and hydrogen peroxide radicals. Additionally, we conducted cell viability assays, RT-PCR, and western blot analysis to investigate the biochemical effects of ALE on UVB-induced HaCaT cells. Our results revealed that ALE exhibited a high concentration of polyphenols and flavonoids, which were associated with potent abiotic antioxidant properties. Furthermore, ALE treatment effectively abrogated the damage caused by UVB radiation on key molecules such as hyaluronan synthase 1, Aquaporin 3, and loricrin in HaCaT cells. ALE also demonstrated the ability to reduce the overactivation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-6 and interleukin-1β in UVB-induced HaCaT cells. Additionally, ALE positively influenced the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha in these cells. Overall, our findings highlight the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of ALE, as well as its significant role in modulating skin barrier functions. These results contribute to the growing body of evidence supporting the therapeutic potential of ALE in skincare and dermatological applications.
IL1beta—Biomarker for Ischemic Stroke Prognosis and Carotid Atheromatosis
Authors: Catana Gabriela , Popentiu Ioan-Adrian , Văleanu Mădălina , Filip Corina Roman , Mihăilă Romeo-Gabriel
Published: September 2023

Background and Objectives: Stroke is a main leading cause for mortality and morbidity worldwide. Treat-ment of this pathology is still under development and its risk factors remain the main target to be reached. Therefore, we aim to determine the role of interleukin 1 beta in atheromatosis, as risk factor for stroke and the reole of this biomarker in stroke prognosis. Materials and Methods: The study conducted enrolled 56 patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke in the anterior (AVT) and posterior vascular territory (PVT). All patients had venous blood collected at admission and 7 days after the onset of the cerebral ischemia in order to determine plasma concentration for interleukin 1 beta. At the same time an extracranial carotid ultrasound was performed. Results: Interleukin 1 beta collected at admission was positively correlated with NIHSS at admission (Pearson index 0,424) and both measurements were corelated with carotid stenosis (Spearmen correlation index 0,529, respectively 0,653). Conclusion: Interleukin 1 beta could be a reliable biomarker for stroke prognosis and carotid atheromatosis development.
The Gap between Deep Learning and the Nervous System
Authors: Molina Elena , Rodriguez Ximena
Published: September 2023

A remarkable strengths of deep neural networks lies in their ability to discover patterns and representations from complex data. Deep learning models can learn and refine features at different levels of abstraction, enabling them to handle complex tasks in computer vision recognition, natural language processing, and speech recognition. The ability to generalize from examples, coupled with the capacity to process vast amounts of data, empowers deep learning to achieve state-of-the-art results across a wide spectrum of applications. An argument for this ability is based on similarities between deep neural networks and the nervous system. In this report, we argue that despite the remarkable performance of deep learning, there are still gaps between deep learning and the nervous system that needs to be closed to enable deep learning doing tasks that currently only the nervous system can perform
Longitudinal Regional Brain Activation and Behavioral Responses to Repetitive Low-Intensity Vestibular Noise Stimulation in a Bilateral Vestibular Loss Rat Model
Authors: Wühr Max , Eilles Eva , Lindner Magdalena , Grosch Maximilian , Beck Roswitha , Ziegler Sibylle , Zwergal Andreas
Published: September 2023

Low-intensity noisy galvanic vestibular stimulation (nGVS) can improve static and dynamic postural deficits in patients with bilateral vestibular loss (BVL). In this study, we aimed to explore the neurophysiological and neuroanatomical substrates underlying nGVS treatment effects in a rat model of BVL. Regional brain activation patterns and behavioral responses to repeated 30-min nGVS treatment in comparison to sham stimulation were investigated by serial whole-brain [18F]-FDG-PET measurements and quantitative locomotor assessments before and at 9 consecutive time points up to 60 days after chemical bilateral labyrinthectomy (BL). [18F]-FDG-PET revealed a broad nGVS-induced modulation on regional brain activation patterns encompassing biologically plausible brain networks in the brainstem, cerebellum, multisensory cortex and basal ganglia during the entire observation period post-BL. nGVS broadly reversed brain activity adaptions occurring in the natural course post-BL. Parallel behavioral locomotor assessment demonstrated a beneficial treatment effect of nGVS on sensory-ataxic gait alterations, particularly in the early stage of post-BL recovery. Stimulation-induced locomotor improvements were finally linked to nGVS brain activity responses in the brainstem, hemispheric motor and limbic networks. In conclusion, combined [18F]-FDG-PET and locomotor analysis discloses the potential neurophysiological and neuroanatomical substrates that mediate previously observed therapeutic nGVS effects on postural deficits in patients with BVL.
IMPLEMNETASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN EKSPERIMEN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS V-C SDN DUKUH MENANGGAL 1IMPLEMNETASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN EKSPERIMEN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS V-C SDN DUKUH MENANGGAL 1
Authors: Tuty Setijani
Published: September 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini  adalah (a) mengetahui pengaruh metode pembelajaran eksperimen terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas V-C, (b) Mengetahui tingkat penguasaan materi pelajaran tematik tema sehat itu penting dengan menerapkan metode eksperimen. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan (action research) sebanyak dua putaran. Setiap putaran terdiri dari dua tahap, yaitu : rancangan, kegiatan dan pengamatan,refleksi dan refisi. Sasaran penelitian ini adalah Siswa Kelas V-C SDN Dukuh Menanggal I Surabaya Tahun Pelajaran 2018-2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran dengan menerapkan metode pembelajaran eksperimen memperoleh hasil berikut ini, nilai rata-rata prestasi belajar siswa pada siklus I mencapai 76,35 dan pada siklus II mendapatkan nilai  84,53. Sedangkan, ketuntasan klasikal pada siklus I memperoleh persentase 75% dan siklus II sebesar 93,75%. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah metode pembelajaran  eksperimen dapat berpengaruh positif terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar kelas V-C SDN Dukuh Menanggal I Surabaya Tahun pelajaran 2018-2019, serta model pembelajaran ini dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu alternative pembelajaran tematik.
IMPLEMENTASI KARAKTER CINTA TANAH AIR PADA KESENIAN TRADISIONAL JAWA INDONESIA
Authors: Hanifah Nuryani  , Berliana Hutagalung  , Wahyu Purwaningsih  , Ali Mustadi
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan memaknai implementasi karakter cinta tanah air pada kesenian tradisional Jawa Indonesia. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan wawancara, observasi, catatan lapangan, dan dokumentasi sebagai teknik pengumpulan data. Unit penelitian adalah kepala sekolah, guru karawitan, dan siswa. Uji keabsahan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan teknik. Data dianalisis dengan model interaktif Miles and Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1)Kesenian tradisional Jawa di SDN Grogol mecerminkan karakter cinta tanah air yang di implementasikan pada ekstrakurikuler karawitan. (2)Perencanaan yang matang dan pelaksanaan kegiatan kesenian karawitan yang rutin dilakukan tiap minggunya membentuk karakter cinta tanah air pada diri siswa, yaitu sikap menghargai dan melestarikan budaya bangsa. (3)Kesenian karawitan mampu memberi keteladanan yang mengandung nilai karakter cinta tanah air dan dapat diterapkan oleh siswa dalam kehidupan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu kesenian tradisional Jawa di SDN Grogol mecerminkan karakter cinta tanah air yang di implementasikan pada ekstrakulikuler karawitan.
Active power measurement uncertainty modelling and propagation analysis in case of harmonically distorted signals
Authors: Demerdziev Kiril , Dimchev Vladimir
Published: September 2023

The harmonic distortion of electrical waveforms results in a need for instruments’ performance evaluation in non-sinusoidal conditions. Specifications, which are valid for sine-wave input signals, are not supposed to be applied directly for uncertainty determination in case of harmonics, due to the non-linear dependence between the measured quantities and the single harmonic components’ magnitudes and phase shifts. Uncertainty calculation is especially challenging in case of power and/or energy measurements, because the corresponding instruments are used for legal metrology purposes i.e. in the regulated trade of electrical energy. The starting point for the concrete evaluation is related to determination of influence factors, which affect the recording of single harmonics’ magnitudes and phase shifts. For overall power and/or energy uncertainty calculation, mathematical modelling, based on analytical relations between single harmonic components and the measured quantity, will be performed. A GUM based perspective for uniting single influence factors is implemented and a simplified approach for the correlation coefficients calculation is adopted. The validation of the model, as well as, the uncertainty propagation analysis due to single harmonic components alteration, is backed up by real time measurements, conducted with high accuracy class measurement equipment.
Economía circular en la industria latinoamericana del cemento y el concreto: una solución sustentable de diseño, durabilidad, materiales y procesos
Authors: Mendoza Rangel José Manuel , Díaz-Aguilera Jorge Humberto
Published: September 2023

Los modelos convencionales de producción en la industria del cemento y el concreto (ICC) asocian problemas ambientales importantes; por otro lado, existen tecnologías emergentes que podrían disminuirlos. No obstante, se requiere del enfoque multidimensional de la economía circular para orientar el desarrollo sostenible de manera perdurable, modelando el ciclo de vida desde el diseño hasta la disposición final para optimizar la relación valor-impacto ambiental; ya que sólo una industrial circular, resiliente y proactiva puede afrontar los objetivos de desarrollo sustentable de la agenda 2030 (ONU) o la meta de emisiones cero. Este trabajo presenta conceptos generales de economía circular, así como un análisis de alternativas y aplicabilidad con el fin de concientizar a los actores de la ICC en Latinoamérica.
Распространение вариантов вируса SARS-COV-2, вызывающих интерес (VOI) и субвариантов Omicron, находящихся под наблюдением (VUM), на основе количества их геномов, депонированных в базу данных GISAID за неделю с 26.08.2023 г. по 01.09.2023 г.
Authors: Дмитриева Людмила , Краснов Ярослав , Чумачкова Елена , Осина Наталья , Зимирова Анастасия , Иванова Александра , Карнаухов Игорь , Караваева Татьяна , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: September 2023

В обзоре представлена информация по циркулирующим в настоящее время вариантам вируса SARS-COV-2 вызывающих интерес (VOI) и субвариантов Omicron, находящихся под наблюдением (VUM), геномные последовательности которых размещены в международной базе данных GISAID за неделю с 26.08.2023 г. по 01.09.2023 г.
Анализ динамики эпидемического процесса COVID-19 в мире за неделю с 26.08.2023 г. по 01.09.2023 г.
Authors: Зимирова Анастасия , Поспелов Михаил , Иванова Александра , Дмитриева Людмила , Чумачкова Елена , Карнаухов Игорь , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: September 2023

В обзоре представлен анализ эпидемиологической ситуации в странах мира по COVID-19 за неделю с 26.08.2023 г. по 01.09.2023 г.
Deciphering the Non-Linear Nexus Between Government Size and Inflation in MENA Countries: An Application of Dynamic-Panel Threshold Model
Authors: Tariq Asif , Amin Aadil , Ahmad Masroor
Published: September 2023

Contradictory to conventional economic theory, which foresees any increase in the size of government as inflationary, this article provides evidence that the reaction of price levels to changes in the size of government is nonlinear. The price levels do not necessarily increase in response to a rise in the size of the government but only up to a certain threshold or optimal level. Accordingly, this paper utilises the dynamic panel threshold model to examine the threshold effects of government size (measured as government final consumption expenditure as a proportion of GDP) on inflatn using a sample of 10 selected MENA countries from 1980 to 2019. The findings of this study stand out in several ways. First, the results support the nonlinear relationship between government size and inflation in the study area. Second, the government size's estimated threshold level is equivalent to 12.46 percent. Third, government size negatively impacts inflation in the regime of small governments up to the threshold level. The impact turns positive once the government size goes beyond the threshold level in a regime of large size of government. These findings have ramifications for the conduct of fiscal policy. Policymakers in the MENA region can increase the size of government till it reaches the threshold level without exerting any upward pressure on price levels.