bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theoretical and experimental studies of vibrations of the solid half-cylinder having a cavity filled with a layered fluid
Authors: Temnov A.N. , Win Ko Ko
Published: June 2019

Further exploration of outer space is not possible without energy industrialization. For the industrialization of outer space, Russian and American experts are considering the possibility of creating orbital refueling stations and space refueling stations for future flights to the Moon, Mars and other planets. The proposed article presents the formulation of the problem, the solutions and the results of studies of the dynamic characteristics and stability of small oscillations of a solid, simulating a space tanker, whose fuel tank contains a cryogenic liquid. A distinctive feature of a cryogenic liquid is the low temperatures and various densities of fluid particles observed in the processes of storage and operation, which greatly complicates the study of hydrodynamic problems. In the article, the cryogenic fluid is modeled by layers of immiscible liquids. In the work, the equations of motion of a rigid body with a cavity containing three immiscible incompressible ideal liquids and performing a plane motion are obtained. The formulation of the problem of small oscillations and stability of motion of a rigid body with a cavity filled with such a layered fluid is given. The areas of stability of the motion of a solid semi-cylinder with a cylindrical cavity filled with three immiscible liquids are investigated. The article also presents the results of an experimental study of oscillations of a half-cylinder with two immiscible liquids.
Representaciones sociales sobre el uso de las TIC por docentes de telesecundaria en Tabasco, México
Authors: Ramos Ramón María del Carmen , Frías López Aurora Kristell
Published: June 2019

El estudio tiene como objetivo analizar las prácticas y las representaciones sociales sobre el uso de las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC) por parte de los docentes de una telesecundaria del municipio de Jalpa de Méndez, Tabasco, México. Se trabajó con seis profesores, los cuales integran el cuadro total de docentes de la institución. Las técnicas empleadas fueron la entrevista semiestructurada y la observación no participante. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto que las prácticas de los docentes respecto al uso de las TIC reflejan el escaso interés mostrado por las autoridades educativas, lo cual repercute en una enseñanza desmotivada.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Red Bigeye (Priacanthus macracanthus) Surimi Sebagai Alternatif Pakan Ikan
Authors: Safitri Fifit Erliyana , Arief Muhammad , Lamid Mirni
Published: June 2019

Pakan satu dari beberapa komponen penting dalam kegiatan budidaya intensif. Harga pakan akan mempengaruhi biaya produksi dan keuntungan yang diperoleh dari usaha budidaya. Salah satu diantaranya yang memungkinkan untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pakan alternatif adalah limbah ikan Swangi pada produk surimi. Salah satu usaha untuk pengolahan limbah tersebut yaitu melalui proses kimiawi. Pengolahan secara kimiawi yaitu dengan cara penambahan asam organik yaitu asam formiat dan propionat. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Perlakuan terdiri atas penambahan asam organik sebanyak 0% (P0), 1,5% (P1), 3% (P2), dan 4,5% (P3) dengan masing-masing ulangan lima kali. Parameter yang diamati adalah kandungan nutrisi selama 7 hari dengan kondisi aerob.Data dianalisis dengan Analysis of Variance serta guna mengetahui perlakuan yang paling baik digunakan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan dengan selang kepercayaan 95%. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan asam dengan dosis yang berbeda pada limbah surimi menghasilkan kandungan nutrisi pakan yang berbeda sangat nyata (p<0,01). Kandungan nutrisi terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan P3 dengan kandungan protein kasar (51,0048%), lemak kasar (8,6659%), serat kasar (3,9991), bahan kering (88,6422%) dan abu sebesar (26,011%).
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KUALITAS AIR DENGAN PREVALENSI ENDOPARASIT PADA SALURAN PENCERNAAN IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus) DI KERAMBA JARING APUNG PROGRAM URBAN FARMING DI KOTA SURABAYA
Authors: Prianggara Alfan , Mahasri Gunanti , Manan Abdul
Published: June 2019

Kendala kualitas air dalam budidaya ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) pada Program Urban Farming diakibatkan karena waduk maupun bozem yang digunakan merupakan perairan tergenang dan kualitas airnya tergantung darimana air itu berasal, apabila kualitas air buruk maka ikan akan stres, menjadi lemah dan mudah terserang parasit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas air pada pemeliharaan ikan nila (O. niloticus), prevalensi endoparasit pada saluran pencernaan serta korelasi antara kualitas air dengan prevalensi endoparasit pada saluran pencernaan ikan nila (O. niloticus) di Keramba Jaring Apung Program Urban Farming kota Surabaya. Lokasi waduk atau bozem yang digunakan adalah Urban Farming kecamatan Wiyung, Jambangan dan Lakarsantri, kota Surabaya. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survey. Parameter utama dalam penelitian ini adalah prevalensi endoparasit dan kualitas air. Hasil pengukuran kualitas air berkisar antara : suhu 29-300C; pH 7-8,5; kecerahan 18-30 cm; DO 4,8- 5,3 mg/l; nitrit <0,043-2,213 mg/l; nitrat <0,008-7,781 mg/l dan amoniak 0,063-0,35 mg/l. Prevalensi rata-rata endoparasit Eimeria spp. 5,71 % dan Acanthogyrus spp. 8 %. Terdapat korelasi positif antara kecerahan, amoniak dan DO dengan prevalensi Eimeria spp. serta suhu, pH, nitrat dan nitrit dengan prevalensi Acanthogyrus spp. Terdapat korelasi negatif antara suhu, pH, nitrat dan nitrit dengan prevalensi Eimeria spp. serta kecerahan, amoniak dan DO dengan prevalensi Acanthogyrus spp.
EFEK PENAMBAHAN KITOSAN TERHADAP PERUBAHAN JUMLAH TOTAL HEMOSIT DAN DAYA TAHAN TERHADAP STRES SALINITAS PADA UDANG VANAME (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Authors: Hermawan Okky , Satyantini Woro Hastuti , Prayogo Prayogo
Published: June 2019

Udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) merupakan suatu komoditas unggulan industri perikanan Indonesia. Pada budidaya udang vaname, muncul beberapa kendala, yaitu adanya serangan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus dan bakteri. Hal tersebut dapat diatasi dengan pemberian imunostimulan untuk pencegahan penyakit melalui peningkatan sistem imun udang. Kitosan adalah salah satu bahan yang dapat digunakan sebagai imunostimulan. Kitosan dapat meningkatkan sistem imun. Stres merupakan respon fisiologis yang terjadi saat hewan berusaha mempertahankan kondisi tubuhnya dari perubahan lingkungan. Faktor lingkungan seperti suhu, oksigen terlarut dan salinitas dapat menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan jumlah total hemosit. Jumlah total hemosit dapat digunakan untuk mengetahui status kesehatan udang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek penambahan kitosan pada pakan terhadap perubahan jumlah total hemosit dan daya tahan terhadap stres salinitas pada udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan serta empat ulangan. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah penambahan kitosan sebesar 0 mg/kg pakan (A1), 250 mg/kg pakan (A2), 500 mg/kg pakan (A3) dan 1000 mg/kg pakan (A4). Parameter yang diamati adalah jumlah total hemosit selama 14 hari pemeliharaan, 24 jam dan 48 jam setelah uji stres salinitas, kelangsungan hidup saat uji stres salinitas dan kualitas air. Data dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Varian (Anova) dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa penambahan kitosan pada pakan selama 14 hari pemeliharaan dan selama 24 jam setelah uji stres salinitas memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata (p<0,05) terhadap jumlah total hemosit udang vaname dengan jumlah total hemosit tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan A2 (250 mg kitosan/kg pakan). Empat puluh delapan jam setelah uji stres salinitas tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap jumlah total hemosit udang vaname dan kelangsungan hidup udang vaname.
EMBRIOGENESIS DAN DAYA TETAS TELUR IKAN KOMET (Carassius auratus auratus) PADA SUHU YANG BERBEDA
Authors: Khasanah Uswatun , Sulmartiwi Laksmi , Triastuti Rr. Juni
Published: June 2019

Ikan komet (Carassius auratus auratus) merupakan ikan hias air tawar yang banyak dibudidayakan dan memiliki warna yang menarik. Produksi benih ikan komet belum bisa memenuhi tingkat permintaan pasar yang terus meningkat setiap tahunnya, sehingga perlu dilakukan peningkatan pada kegiatan pembenihan. Salah satu faktor yang memberikan pengaruh sangat besar terhadap tingginya kematian ikan pada kegiatan pembenihan adalah suhu. Suhu merupakan faktor lingkungan yang dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan rata-rata serta menentukan waktu penetasan serta berpengaruh langsung pada proses perkembangan embrio. Secara umum fase awal kehidupan ikan merupakan fase yang paling sensitif dan mudah menjadi stres dalam menerima pengaruh lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu terhadap embriogenesis telur ikan pelangi, waktu inkubasi telur ikan pelangi, dan suhu optimal untuk menghasilkan daya tetas maksimal telur ikan pelangi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni-Juli 2015 di Unit Pengembangan Budidaya Air Tawar (UPTBAT) Punten, Batu, Jawa Timur. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode eksperimental. Variabel yang diamati adalah perkembangan embrio dan daya tetas telur ikan komet. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu berpengaruh terhadap waktu perubahan fase embriogenesis dan waktu inkubasi telur ikan komet. Semua perlakuan suhu (22,5-29,5°C) merupakan suhu optimal pemeliharaan telur ikan komet.
PENGARUH PERBEDAAN PROBIOTIK KOMERSIAL TERHADAP RASIO C:N DAN N:P MEDIA KULTUR BIOFLOK PADA BAK PERCOBAAN
Authors: Masithah Endang Dewi , Octaviana Yurika Dwi , Manan Abdul
Published: June 2019

Salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan produksi ikan budidaya adalah adanya penurunan kualitas air sebagai akibat dari banyaknya akumulasi bahan organik baik yang berasal dari limbah metabolisme dan bahan organik lainnya. Bioflok merupakan teknologi yang menjadi salah satu alternatif pemecahan masalah limbah budidaya yang paling menguntungkan. Aplikasi bakteri probiotik yang tepat dapat membantu mengurangi kandungan bahan organik di tambak dan mempertahankan tersedianya nutrisi dari hasil penguraian bahan organik. Peningkatan C:N rasio akan meningkatkan pertumbuhan bakteri heterotrof yang pada akhirnya akan mengurangi nitrogen anorganik perairan. Rasio N:P akan berpengaruh terhadap kelimpahan fitoplankton jenis tertentu. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan probiotik komersial berbeda terhadap rasio N:P dan C:N media kultur bioflok pada bak percobaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode statistika Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian probiotik yang berbeda memberikan pengaruh yang tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05) terhadap rasio C:N dan N:P. Nilai rasio C:N tertinggi pada perlakuan B (3,63), dan terendah pada perlakuan A (3,13). Nilai rasio N:P tertinggi pada perlakuan A (5,68) dan terendah C (4,36), kandungan N tertinggi pada perlakuan A (1692,6 ppm) dan kandungan P tertinggi pada perlakuan B (451,8 ppm).
Kualitas Semen Segar Sapi Rambon Banyuwangi Dalam Pengencer Tris Kuning Telur Dan Susu Skim Kuning Telur
Authors: Safitri Ainun Merta , Sardjito Trilas , Wibawati Prima Ayu , Mustofa Imam , Saputro Amung Logam , Prastiya Ragil Angga
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas semen sapi Rambon Banyuwangi dengan menggunakan dua pengencer yang berbeda, yakni tris kuning telur dan susu skim kuning telur. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Penelitian ini menggunakan satu ekor pejantan sapi Rambon untuk penampungan semen. Semen ditampung sebanyak sembilan kali untuk dua perlakuan pengencer yaitu P1: semen+tris kuning telur dan P2: semen+susu skim kuning telur. Parameter yang diukur pada penelitian ini adalah motilitas, viabilitas dan abnormalitas spermatozoa. Setiap parameter pada masing-masing perlakuan dibandingkan dengan menggunakan uji T dua sampel. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa P1 lebih mampu mempertahankan motilitas dan viabilitas spermatozoa sapi Rambon Banyuwangi dibanding dengan P2, dimana motilitas P1 yaitu 67,22±4,41% dengan kecepatan 3 dan motilitas P2 yaitu 59,44±8,46% dengan kecepatan 2 berbdea nyata (p<0,05). Viabilitas P1 adalah 77,44±3,21% dan P2 yaitu 73,56±3,32% berbeda nyata (p<0,05). Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang nyata (p>0,05) terhadap abnormalitas spermatozoa baik primer maupun sekunder sapi Rambon Banyuwangi pada kedua pengencer dimana nilai abnormalitas primer P1 yaitu 0,33±0,50% dan P2 0,22±0,44%, abnormalitas sekunder P1 yaitu 8,33±2,17% dan P2 7,56±2,24%. Disimpulkan bahwa media pengencer tris kuing telur dan susu skim kuning telur layak untuk digunakan IB dengan semen segar.
Prevalensi Penyakit Surra pada Sapi Potong di Kecamatan Cluring Banyuwangi
Authors: Sulaeman Nur Sa’adah , Sunarso Agus , Agustono Bodhi , Hastutiek Poedji , Saputro Amung Logam , Yudhana Aditya
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyajikan data dan informasi tentang prevalensi penyakit Surra di Kecamatan Cluring Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Penyakit Surra adalah penyakit pada ternak dan hewan liar yang disebabkan oleh Trypanosoma evansi. Jenis pemeriksaan yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah pemeriksaan parasitologis dengan ulas darah melalui pewarnaan giemsa dan metode Microhematocrit Centrifugation Technique (MHCT). Deteksi T. evansi dinyatakan positif melalui hasil pengamatan ulas darah jika nampak struktur tripomastigote dan undulating membran pada bagian posterior, sedangkan dengan uji MHCT ditunjukkan dengan adanya pergerakan dari T. evansi karena memiliki flagella bebas panjang. Hasil pemeriksaan dari 64 sampel darah sapi potong diperoleh hasil negatif. Angka prevalensi di lokasi penelitian adalah 0%. Faktor pemicu tidak timbulnya penyakit Surra pada ternak sapi potong dilihat dari keberadaan vektor, manajemen pemeliharaan, fase infeksi T. evansi dalam tubuh host, kondisi tubuh dari host, dan waktu viabilitas T. evansi dalam sampel darah.
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri dari Ekstrak n-Heksana dan Kloroform Daun Sirsak (Annona muricate L.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus Secara In Vitro
Authors: Lake Werenfridus Kono , Hamid Iwan Sahrial , Saputro Amung Logam , Plumeriastuti Hani , Yustinasari Lita Rakhma , Yunita Maya Nurwartanti
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri daun sirsak terhadap Staphylococcus aureus. Ekstraksi diproses dengan metode maserasi terlebih dahulu dengan n-heksana kemudian kloroform. Aktivitas antibakteri diukur secara in vitro dengan menggunakan metode difusi agar menggunakan paperdisk. Aktivitas antibakteri diuji dengan analisis variansi (ANOVA) dengan nilai signifikansi 0,5% untuk mengetahui pengobatan mana yang memiliki efek atau berbeda secara signifikan dengan dosis masing-masing 300 mg/ml, 250 mg/ml, 200 mg/ml, 150 mg/ml, 100 mg/ml dan menghasilkan aktivitas antibakteri dengan zona hambat berturut-turut 16,70 mm; 14,05 mm; 11,45 mm; 9,85 mm; 3,00. Hasil pemeriksaan aktivitas antibakteri menunjukkan ekstrak n-heksana dan kloroform dapat menghambat pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus pada konsentrasi 250 mg / ml dengan diameter zona hambat 14,05 mm. Ekstrak dengan aktivitas tertinggi ditentukan konsentrasi hambat tumbuh minimum (MIC). Ekstrak kloroform daun sirsak dari bakteri Staphylococcus aureus yang berada pada konsentrasi 100 mg/ml dengan zona hambat 3,00 mm.
Peranan Ultrasonografi Toraks dalam Menegakkan Diagnosis Beberapa Kelainan pada Paru
Authors: Winaya Erwin , Koesoemoprodjo Winariani
Published: June 2019

Ultrasound is useful in the diagnosis of cases in the field of lung disease, such as pleural effusion, pneumothorax, consolidation, atelectasis, pulmonary edema, and others. The advantages of thoracic ultrasound is a low cost, radiation is small, easy to carry, short examination time and has a dynamic aspect that can be seen at the time of examination. Thoracic ultrasound is an inexpensive tool and can be used to assist in intervention, especially in cases of peripheral lung, pleura and chest wall diseases, such as thoracocentesis, chest tube installation and aspiration lung abscess. Ultrasound can also replace aspiration and biopsy with CT-scan guidance in cases involving the pleura, chest wall, and lung tumors that invade the pleura and chest wall. With the ultrasound portable and compact form, in the future is possible if the ultrasound will be a routine part of the examination as well as a stethoscope. However, ultrasound also has limitations which in patients with subcutaneous emphysema, peripheral edema and obesity, lung ultrasound is hard to do. Ultrasound examination is also highly dependent on the experience and ability of the ultrasound operator.
Sindrom Hepatopulmoner
Authors: Akbar Kowiy , Pradjoko Isnu
Published: June 2019

Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is an important complication of liver disease on pulmonary organ; characterized by the triad of liver disease, pulmonary vascular dilatation, and oxygenation defect. Clinical signs and symptoms include dyspnea, platypnea, orthodeoxia, cyanosis, and clubbing finger. The underlying patophysiology involves abnormal vasodilation and angiogenesis in the pulmonary vascular bed, which leads to ventilation-perfusion mismatch, diffusion limitation to oxygen exchange, and arteriovenous shunting. This disorder is thought to be linked to liver cell injury, which stimulates release of endothelin-1 and results in increased expression of endothelin receptors on pulmonary endothelial cells, leading to upregulation of endothelial-nitric-oxide-synthase (eNOS) and subsequent increased production of nitric oxide (NO), ultimately causing vasodilation. Laboratory studies to establish diagnosis includes blood gas analysis and echocardiography, supported by radiology and pulmonary vascular cathetherization. Despite accumulated knowledge about the pathogenesis of HPS, currently there is still no established medical therapy, and liver transplantation remains the definitive treatment for this syndrome. Supportive therapy consists oflong term oxygen administration to prevent desaturation and alleviate dyspnea.
Sequelae Tuberkulosis dengan Hemoptisis Rekurens
Authors: Atikawati Desilia , Marhana Isnin Anang
Published: June 2019

Background: Various sequelae and complications can occur in treated or untreated tuberculosis (TB). One of complications in  the lungs is hemoptysis, due to alterations of pulmonary vascular structure. Hemoptysis as TB sequelae can happen recurrently and  massively. Case: We present the case of 31 year old man with recurrent hemoptysis since 1 year before admitted to hospital. Patient had  a history of receiving antituberculosis drugs (ATD) before. Chest xray showed pleural thickening and opacity in right hemithorax with  signs of loss of volume. Bronchoscopy showed active bleeding in lateral segment of right lung middle lobe. Chest CT showed destroyed  right lung. Hemoptysis still existed despite the given conventional therapy, thus patient underwent pulmonary arteriography. The result  showed extensive vascular abnormality in the right lung with arteriovenous fistula on right bronchial artery and aneurysmatic branch of  superior bronchial and inner intercostal arteries. During the procedure, there was no active bleeding, so bronchial artery embolization  was adjourned. Patient then experienced recurrent and massive hemoptysis, thus right pneumonectomy was done. During the surgery,  there was uncontrolled active bleeding that caused the patient’s death. Conclusion: This case illustrates recurrent hemoptysis as one of  severe TB sequelae. In extensive pulmonary vascular abnormality, pneumonectomy can cause uncontrolled active bleeding. Bronchial  artery embolization can be used as an alternative to treat patients with recurrent homptysis.
Organic Dust Toxic Syndrome (ODTS)
Authors: Bachtiar Deva , Susanto Agus Dwi
Published: June 2019

Organic dust toxic syndrome (ODTS) was manifestation of some acute symptoms, (same with acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis or extrinsic allergic alveolitis) with initially by flu like syndrome that were fever, malaise, myalgia, dry cough, dyspnea, and headache after exposure of organic dust in several hours. Etiology of ODTS usually from agricultural environment like hay, grain, straw, moldy, pollen, mycotoxins, bacteria and endotoxin. Organic dust toxic syndrome (ODTS) spontaneous recovery without sequele if patients avoid organic dust exposure immediately and avoid recurrent exposure. The best treatment were supportive therapy and preventive therapy from that etiology.Key words: ODTS, pneumonitis hipersensitif
Ventilasi dan Perfusi, serta Hubungan antara Ventilasi dan Perfusi
Authors: Laitupa Afrita Amalia , Amin Muhammad
Published: June 2019

Lung is a place for gas exchange where ventilation and perfusion occurs. Ventilation is the first step where sequential process of inhalation and exhalation take place. Meanwhile perfusion as the other step facilitates the gas exchange and tissue supply need. Blood flows through the lungs are equals as the amount of cardiac output where the factors that control cardiac output are mainly peripheral factors, also control pulmonary blood flow. In general condition, pulmonary blood vessels act as a passive tube, which can be increased with the increasing pressure and narrowed the pressure drop. Oxygen absorption level from lungs into bloodstream is a critical determinant for functional capacity, and an important factor wheter in normal conditions (including exercise) or even in illness state. Lung diffusion capacity is influenced by several geometric and functional factors. Gravitation influence systematic gradient in ventilation and perfusion distribution. Ventilation and blood flow variations at horizontal level also occur due to intrinsic anatomic variations and vascular geometry, as well as the differences in airway and vascular smooth muscle response which modifies the distribution. The change of integrity intrapleural chamber, hydrostatic pressure and osmotic imbalance, malfunction of surfactants, other intrinsic weakness of the branching system in the form of a progressive airway, and all the things that could potentially damage the structure of the lung can cause ventilation and diffusion dysfunction.
Bronkiektasis
Authors: Hariyanto Wahyuni , Hasan Helmia
Published: June 2019

Bronchiectasis is characterized by irreversible widening of the medium-sized airways (ectasia), with inflammation, chronic bacterial infection and destruction of the bronchial walls. This could be due to genetic constitusional state or episodic insidental state which not related to intrinsic imunity. The pathogenesis of bronchiectasis is a combination of repeated inflammation and parenchymal fibrotic, lead to bronchial wall weakening and bronchial irreversibly dilatation.“The vicious cycle” and P aeruginosa contributes on progression and severity of disease. The diagnosis of bronchiectasis is made on the basis of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scan findings. Additional testmay be required in spesific clinical setting. Treatment strategies including antibiotic therapy in acute exacerbation and in controlling the microbial growth, therapy according to intrinsic conditional state, therapy to controll the excessive inflammation, promote bronchial hygiene, and consideration of surgery in some cases. In this review, we will describethe etiologies, pathogenesis, diagnostic investigation, and treatment strategies.
Faal Paru Statis
Authors: Bakhtiar Arief , Amran Wirya Sastra
Published: June 2019

Respiration or breathing is the body’s attempt to meet the needs of O2 in the metabolic process and emit CO2 as a result of intermediary metabolism by lung and respiratory organs together so that the resulting cardiovascular oxygen rich blood. Respiration has three phases: ventilation, diffusion, perfusion. The situation is said to somebody normal lung function if the work process of ventilation, diffusion, perfusion, and the relationship between ventilation to perfusion of the person is in a relaxed state resulted in the partial pressure of arterial blood gas (PaO2 and PaCO2) were normal. Examination of lung function has an important role in assessing a lung function. However, the thing to know that these checks are supporting and quite helpful in making a specific diagnosis. With spirometry examination can be known or determined all the static volume except residual volume and respiratory capacity than the capacity of residual volume that contains components such as total lung capacity and functional residual capacity. Functional residual capacity measured by special methods such as by using the inert gas helium (helium dilution test), N2 washout and bodyplethysmograph. Some static pulmonary function parameters can interpret any kind of disturbance in the lungs. In restrictive disorders in general decreased static lung volumes. While the obstruction interference parameters are quite significant, namely an increase in residual volume (RV), functional residual capacity (FRC) and the ratio of residual volume and total lung capacity (RV/TLC)
Imunopatogenesis Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronik
Authors: Yudhawati Resti , Prasetiyo Yuyus Dwi
Published: June 2019

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is an inflammatory airway disease and complicated lung tissue. The airways of patients with COPD contain many inflammatory cells including neutrophils, macrophages, CD8 T lymphocytes, CD4 T lymphocytes and dendritic cells, each of which has its own role and interacts with COPD immunopathogenesis. The inflammatory response in people with COPD involves innate immunity (neutrophils, macrophages, eosinophils, mast cells, natural killer cells, and dendritic cells) and adaptive immunity (T and B lymphocytes), but there is also activation of structual cells such as alveolar epithelial cells endothelial cells and fibroblasts. Inflammation of the respiratory tract in COPD will persist even after quitting smoking, this can be caused by damage to the extracellular matrix will release proinflammatory cytokines which are neutrophil and monocyte chemotaxis, impaired alveolar macrophages which result in impaired cleaning of apoptotic cells and pathogenic microbes and oxidative stress will cause DNA double chain damage.
EVALUATION ANALYSIS OF AIRLANGGA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION’S BRAND EQUITY USING CUSTOMER BASED BRAND EQUITY CONCEPT
Authors: Puspitasari Ayu Febriyanti , Jayanti Ida Setya Dwi
Published: June 2019

Indonesia is now facing a new order of global world in terms of economics, educations and other infrastructures. Therefore, Government focus on developing an education system which is not only based on academic and professional fields but also vocational fields during the last decade. Brand is the identity of a product that can be used as a measurement of its quality. The concept is customer based brand equity (CBBE) which will be adopted in this study.This study aims to determine the strength of Airlangga University Faculty of Vocational Education Education’s brand equity.This study is using descriptive quantitative research approach. It describes the consumer assessment. In this case is the brand equity stakeholder’s institution Airlangga University Faculty of Vocational Education.These results indicate that brand awareness of this institution’s stakeholder is good. Based on the data, more than 60 respondents from a total of 77 respondents has already knew the existence of Airlangga University Faculty of Vocational Education. In addition, Stakeholders Faculty of Vocational Education already have brand loyalty to their institution. Therefore, they are willing to promote and give more contributions to Airlangga University Faculty of Vocational Education in order to become a better faculty. Airlangga University Faculty of Vocational Education has a strong brand image in the perception of their stakeholders. Concerning that the Faculty of Vocational Education is an applied science faculty, this institution consists of the entire course both Diploma III and Diploma IV at Airlangga University. Last, Stakeholders have a good perception related with the quality of Airlangga University Faculty of Vocational Education in order to create graduates or alumnae which is ready to work.The conclusion of this study is the strength of Airlangga University Faculty of Vocational Education’s brand equity in the perception of their stakeholders are good in fact. Airlangga University Faculty of Vocational Education has a strong image as a faculty of applied science which consists of the entire course both Diploma III and Diploma IV at Airlangga University. Keywords: Brand Equity, Customer Based Brand Equity, Faculty of Vocational Education Education, Airlangga University
Implementation of Islamic Corporate Governance: A Case Study in BMT NUsantara UMAT MANDIRI Kalidawir Tulungangung
Authors: Sodiq Ahmad
Published: June 2019

BMT NUsantara UMAT MANDIRI as financial institutions are expected to implement the corporate governance of Islam (Islamic Corporate Governance) that comply with Islamic principles. The implementation of Islamic Corporate Governance can increase consumer trust and confidence. The purposes of this research are to know about Islamic Corporate Governance as Islamic finance institutions and to know the application of Islamic Corporate Governance BMT NUsantara UMAT MANDIRI Kalidawir Tulungagung.
Alterações histológicas e transporte de eletrólitos após administração de contraste de alta osmolaridade
Authors: Braga e Silva Paula Letícia , Costa Pedro Henrique Sá , Jorge Antônio Rafael Coelho , Silveira João Alison de Moraes , Nogueira Junior Francisco Assis , Evangelista Janaina Serra Azul Monteiro , Monteiro Helena Serra Azul
Published: June 2019

Objetivos: avaliar possíveis alterações renais causadas pelo contraste ioxitalamato de meglumina. Métodos: o contraste ioxitalamato de meglumina na dose de 5 mL/Kg (n=8) ou solução salina 0,9% na dose de 5 mL/Kg (n=5) foram administrados por via intravenosa em ratos Wistar machos (250-350g). Os animais foram mantidos em gaiolas metabólicas, e após 72 horas a função renal foi avaliada através de proteinúria, osmolaridade, ureia, creatinina, Na+, K+ e Cl- plasmáticos. Os dados foram comparados por teste t de Student (p<0,05). Resultados: observamos redução do peso corpóreo e aumento da osmolaridade plasmática. Não foi observado variação na diurese de 24 horas. Em relação aos parâmetros bioquímicos, o contraste não alterou os parâmetros renais (creatinina, ureia, proteinúria e Na+ e K+). Entretanto, o Cl- plasmático diminuiu nos animais do grupo contraste. Foram observadas mudanças histológicas significativas no grupo contraste, tais como degeneração glomerular, infiltrado inflamatório, deposição de material proteico na luz tubular, degeneração hidrópica da célula epitelial tubular, tumefação tubular e redução do interstício renal. Conclusão: esses resultados demonstram que apesar do contraste induzir alterações histológicas, não foi capaz de modificar a função renal.
O lugar da espiritualidade no cuidado da adicção química a partir da trajetória de padre Haroldo Rahm, SJ
Authors: Baptistin Dantas Renan
Published: June 2019

O legado de cuidado da dependência química, trata-se de uma linha marcante na trajetória de vida do padre jesuíta Haroldo J. Rahm. Informados pela perspectiva que segue trajetórias individuais com a intenção de reconstruir percursos e processos socioculturais, privilegiamos sua trajetória em particular como um fio condutor para melhor compreendermos o lugar da espiritualidade, como ela se constrói e é gerida no processo de tratamento e prevenção da dependência química. Segundo a linha teórica psicológica e terapêutica costurada por padre Haroldo, aplicada em sua obra institucional e paradigmática dentro do movimento das Comunidades Terapêuticas (CTs), a espiritualidade é um tipo de tratamento eficaz à dependência química, que produz cura da drogadicção e a manutenção da sobriedade. Portanto, reconstituímos um percurso de experiência e produção de ações ligadas ao cuidado da dependência química através da biografia de padre Haroldo, assim como pontuamos o lugar da espiritualidade neste processo.
ORA ET LABORA: a relação indissociada entre liturgia e diaconia em diálogo com desafios contemporâneos
Authors: Stumpf João Henrique , Illenseer Louis Marcelo , Gaede Neto Rodolfo
Published: June 2019

O artigo busca identificar possíveis contribuições que o redescobrimento da unidade histórica entre liturgia e diaconia pode oferecer para a Igreja contemporânea identificar seu papel profético no atual contexto dos desafios sociais, econômicos, culturais e ambientais latino-americanos. Com esse objetivo o artigo busca, nos fundamentos bíblicos e teológicos da liturgia e da diaconia e nas celebrações da Igreja dos primeiros séculos, subsídios para pensar e articular celebrações e iniciativas, pautadas na unidade entre liturgia e diaconia no horizonte de desafios missionários atuais.  A maioria das celebrações litúrgicas que a Igreja dos primeiros séculos conheceu foram espaços solidários, de formação e realização diaconal. A atualidade latino-americana, profundamente marcada pelo aumento de injustiças estruturais representam um chamado para a Igreja redescobrir a unidade histórica entre essas duas dimensões fundamentais de sua missão no mundo.
Exploring Challenges to Implementation of IT Service Management System ISO 20000: Implications in Managing Big Data in Emerging Economy
Authors: Ahmad Nafis , Rabbany Md. Golam , Ali Syed Mithun
Published: June 2019

This study contributes to the literature by exploring challenges to implementing ISO 20000-1 in an emerging economy context, and suggests ways to overcome these challenges. A survey-based methodology was adopted. The data were analyzed using principal component analysis. The results indicated that senior management support was the most significant challenge for the successful implementation of IT Service Management (ITSM) systems. Other significant challenges were the justification of significant investment, premium customer support, co-operation and co-ordination among IT support teams, proper documentation, and effective process design The findings help managers introduce IT service management system (ISO 20000-1:2011) as well as improving IT service delivery system in IT support organizations for managing big data in an emerging economy. In the future, cross-firm and cross-country studies on challenges to ISO 20000 can be conducted. Also, interpretive structural model (ISM) can be formulated to examine the interrelationships among the identified challenges to ISO 20000.
Risk and Prognostic Factors in Very Old Patients with Sepsis Secondary to Community-Acquired pneumonia
Authors: Cilloniz Catia , Dominedò Cristina , Ielpo Antonella , Ferrer Miquel , Gabarrus Albert , Battaglini Denise , Bermejo-Martin Jesus , Meli Andrea , Garcia-Vidal Carolina , Liapikou Adamanthia , Singer Mervyn , Torres Antoni
Published: June 2019

Background: Little is known about risk and prognostic factors in very old patients developing sepsis secondary to community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study of data prospectively collected at the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona over a 13-year period. Consecutive patients hospitalized with CAP were included if they were very old (≥80 years) and divided into those with and without sepsis for comparison. Sepsis was diagnosed based on the Sepsis-3 criteria. The main clinical outcome was 30-day mortality. Results: Among the 4,219 patients hospitalized with CAP during the study period, 1,238 (29%) were very old. The prevalence of sepsis in this aged group was 71%. Male sex, chronic renal disease, and diabetes mellitus were independent risk factors for sepsis, while antibiotic therapy before admission was independently associated with a lower risk of sepsis. Thirty-day and intensive care unit (ICU) mortality did not differ between patients with and without sepsis. In CAP-sepsis group, chronic renal disease and neurological disease were independent risk factors for 30-day mortality. Conclusion: In very old patients hospitalized with CAP, in-hospital and 1-year mortality rates were increased if they developed sepsis. Antibiotic therapy before hospital admission was associated with a lower risk of sepsis.
THE MODELS OF TEACHER TRAINING: THE RURAL EARLY CHILDHOOD INSTRUCTION BASED ON LOCAL WISDOM THROUGH PROJECT APPROACH
Authors: Soekmono Roostrianawahti
Published: June 2019

The rural early childhood teachers have some problems of their instruction, like never do instruction planning, used worksheet more than play approach, applied the conventional instruction, never integrated local wisdom in the instruction, and more. They need opportunities for reflect on and refine their strategies, ideas and practice about the instruction planning, implementing instruction, and instruction media based on local wisdom. We can apply the teacher training with the project approach, because The project approach builds on natural curiosity, interact, question, connect, problem solve, communicate, reflect and more. It focus of knowing “How to do it in action” knowledge capable of mobility in appropriate ways and at the appropriate moment. This study aims to find models of teacher training for the rural early childhood instruction based on local wisdom through project approach. The research approach used for Research and Development (R and D) are modified in three steps, namely research: preliminary research, model development and model validation tests. Preliminary study contains literature study and field study from some villages in Selo, Boyolali, Central Java. Model development have a three-step model to developed three concepts. Model validation tests of the instruction product based on local wisdom of project approach. The result is a significant, effective and feasible. The findings of this study, cooperative teacher in project approach come to better understand the uses of different instruction planning, teaching methods and instruction media based on local wisdom. The study purpose give opportunities for the empowerment of all participant.

 

 

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Multimedia-based Presentation: Exploring Interactivity Emergence in Academic Speaking Classroom
Authors: Sukma Denty Marga , Nurkamto Joko , Drajati Nur Arifah
Published: June 2019

The understanding of knowledge transfer and information delivery is recently in the broader scope due to the development of educational technology. The information delivery is not merely done using verbal message; however, multiple modes of presentation such as verbal and auditory representation can also be the alternative of material delivery. The studies featuring the use of multimedia-based presentation are mostly administered to determine its effectiveness to be implemented in the learning process. In contrast, the exploration of the use of multimedia-based presentation toward the way how it can be a means of interaction seems underexplored. Therefore, to make it be more precise, the present study attempts to explore the practice of multimedia-based presentation in academic speaking classroom and to investigate the interactivity emerged during the presentation process. This study deployed qualitative case study design due to the purpose of gaining the in-depth investigation of the use of multimedia-based presentation and its interactivity emergence in academic speaking classroom. The study was conducted in one of the universities in Surakarta majoring English Education where academic speaking becomes one of the subjects. The presentation document along with the presentation process were analyzed in this study. The results of the analysis show that multimedia-based presentation is designed to visualize the material being conveyed through the icons, pictures, and illustrations that are able to represent the information or knowledge in a more concrete way. Moreover, the interactivity is also emerged through the use of multimedia-based presentation as it simplifies the presenter to do the following: gesturing, dialoguing, and describing. The results implies the opportunity for both teachers and academic speaking presenters to innovate how they present the material by using multimedia-based presentation.  In practice, multimedia-based presentation along with its interactivity can clarify the materials, grab the audience attention, and stimulate the audience responses.
Project-Based Learning in Instructional Materials and Media Development Classrooms
Authors: Rakhmawati Isna
Published: June 2019

Prospective English teachers found that selecting or designing instructional materials and media was burdensome due to their lack experiences. They need to enroll in a systematic learning model to develop relevant instructional materials and media.  Project-based learning has been an effective learning model to develop students’ skills in a specific content area. The nature of project-based learning to enable students acquire knowledge and give ample experiences in a reflective way supported English prospective teachers in instructional materials and media development (IMALD) classrooms to learn how to design materials and multimedia-based media for their future pupils. A case study was employed to investigate the implementation of project-based learning in instructional materials and media development classrooms. The stages involved in this study are, namely: 1) identifying the phenomenon, 2) identifying the research participants, 3) generating hypotheses, 4) collecting data, 5) analyzing data, and 6) interpreting data. Thirty five students were assigned to participate in this research and develop textbook as well as supplementary multimedia-based media following the steps in project-based learning comprising planning to develop textbook and multimedia-based media, monitoring, scaffolding, adjusting or troubleshooting strategies, assessing students and evaluating projects. The result of this study was the final product in the form of textbook and multimedia-based media to teach English for students in elementary school, junior high school and senior high school. Moreover, project-based learning  made students in IMALD classrooms became more contented and motivated in designing instructional materials and media for teaching and learning purposes by integrating their knowledge of materials development and computer software application.
Design of an Educational Hardware in the Loop Simulator for Model-Based Development Education
Authors: Wakitani Shin ,   Hiroshima University 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan, Yamamoto Toru
Published: June 2019

This study proposes a HIL simulator for model-based development (MBD) education and checks its behavior. In recent years, product structures have become diverse and complex; further, short-term development with limited resources is required to respond to consumers’ needs. MBD using computer simulation is effective for the efficient execution of such developments. An increasing number of companies have introduced MBD; however, engineers who are newly engaged in such development do not always have sufficient experience. Therefore, in this study, the authors have proposed an educational program to learn the basics of MBD in a short period of time. However, the introduction of industrial hardware in the loop (HIL) simulator, which plays an important role in MBD, is expensive. The present study proposes a method of designing an educational HIL simulator by using a microcomputer board. The proposed educational HIL simulator can reduce the production cost of industrial HIL simulators and can be provided to individual participants undergoing MBD training. Using numerical examples and experimental results, we show that the proposed HIL simulator can perform a simulation of experimental equipment used in actual MBD education.
Comparative transcriptomes and genetic diversity assessment of two Sichuan peppers (Zanthoxylum bungeanum and Zanthoxylum armatum)
Authors: Deng Yangchuan , Xiang Li , Gong Wei , Ma Tingyu , Yang Li , Meng Xiangxiao , Chen Shilin , Ye Meng
Published: June 2019

Background: Species of Zanthoxylum (Sichuan pepper) are diverse and valuable economic trees that have been cultivated across Asia for thousands of years for their aromatic and medicinal properties. The current lack of transcriptome and EST-SSR data for these species represents a constraint with regards to identifying increasingly more diverse cultivars in China. This study was conducted to compare the transcriptome profiles of two Zanthoxylum species (Z. bungeanum and Z. armatum) and develop the EST-SSR markers to assess the genetic diversity in Sichuan pepper.
Results: A total of 36.76 G high-quality clean data were screened for subsequent analysis. For Z. bungeanum and Z. armatum, 64,944 and 75,669 unigenes were obtained, respectively. After comparing different databases, we found that the highest number of unigenes (43,3198 and 49,638 for Z. bungeanum and Z. armatum, respectively) were annotated using the NR database. In addition, six pairs of EST-SSR markers were selected to determine the genetic diversity of 125 samples of three Zanthoxylum species. A population clustering dendrogram indicated that there was an average of four samples per population, with the number of allelic genes (Na) ranging from 1 to 1.4510 (average of 1.1462). The number of effective allelic genes (Ne) ranged from 1 to 1.2744 (average of 1.0971),
whereas genetic diversity (Nei) ranged from 0 to 0.1486 (average of 0.05512) and Shannon genetic diversity (I) ranged from 0 to 0.2177 (average 0.08123). In individual clustering dendrograms, the 125 samples were divided into five cohorts. Cohort I contained Z. bungeanum and its varieties, cohort II included Z. armatum and its varieties, cohort III contained mostly Z. piperitum and two other Z. bungeanum samples, and cohorts IV and V each contained only two samples, with genetic distances of 0 to 1.14 between them.
Conclusion: In this study, we analyzed the comparative transcriptome data of two Zanthoxylum species, for which we assessed genetic diversity using EST-SSR primers derived from their EST information. The genetic diversity of 125 samples obtained from the three Zanthoxylum species Z. bungeanum, Z. armatum and Z. piperitum was relatively low, which can probably be attributed to apomixis.