bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examining the Relationships Between the Triarchic Psychopathy Constructs and Behavioral Deviance in a Community Sample
Authors: Coffey C. Adam , Cox Jennifer , Kopkin Megan R.
Published: May 2017

Few studies have examined the extent to which psychopathic traits relate to the commission of mild to moderate acts of deviance, such as vandalism and minor traffic violations. Given that psychopathy is now studied in community populations, the relationship between psychopathic traits and less severe deviant behaviors, which are more normative among noninstitutionalized samples, warrants investigation. The current study examined the relationships between the triarchic model of psychopathy (Patrick, Fowles & Krueger, 2009) and seven forms of deviant behavior (drug use, alcohol use, theft, vandalism, school misconduct, assault, and general deviance) in a nationally representative sample. Triarchic disinhibition positively predicted each form of normative deviance. Boldness positively predicted drug and alcohol use as well as general deviance, while meanness negatively predicted school misconduct. Boldness and disinhibition also positively predicted overall lifetime engagement in deviant behavior. Implications are discussed, including support of the role of boldness within the psychopathy construct.
The Impact of Social Exclusion on “Reading the Mind in the Eyes” Performance in Relation to Borderline Personality Disorder Features
Authors: Savage Megan , Lenzenweger Mark F.
Published: May 2017

In this study we used the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET) to explore facial emotion recognition in borderline personality disorder (BPD). We also used Cyberball, a computerized task designed to mimic social ostracism, to examine the response of BPD-feature participants to social exclusion. Seventeen individuals with BPD features were compared to 16 healthy controls on RMET performance pre- and post-exclusion via Cyberball. Our results revealed a significant interaction between BPD-feature status and RMET performance in relation to neutral stimuli following a social exclusion experience. BPD participants' ability to correctly identify neutral faces significantly decreased following exclusion. This finding suggests that once an individual with BPD features experiences a social exclusion event, his or her objectivity decreases and affective valence is ascribed to stimuli previously perceived as neutral. Our results may help to explain, in part, the social instability seen in BPD.
Quality of compounded hydrocortisone capsules used in the treatment of children
Authors: Neumann Uta , Burau Daniela , Spielmann Sarah , Whitaker Martin J , Ross Richard J , Kloft Charlotte , Blankenstein Oliver
Published: May 2017

Objectives

Due to the lack of paediatric-licensed formulations, children are often treated with individualized pharmacy-compounded adult medication. An international web-based survey about the types of medication in children with adrenal insufficiency (AI) revealed that the majority of paediatric physicians are using pharmacy-compounded medication to treat children with AI. Observations of loss of therapy control in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia with compounded hydrocortisone capsules and regained control after prescribing a new hydrocortisone batch led to this ‘real world’ evaluation of pharmacy-compounded paediatric hydrocortisone capsules.

Methods

Capsule samples were collected randomly from volunteering parents of treated children suffering from congenital adrenal hyperplasia from all over Germany. Analysis of net mass and hydrocortisone content by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection method was performed based on the European Pharmacopeia.

Results

In a total of 61 batches that were sent, 5 batches could not be analysed because of missing dose information, insufficient number of capsules or were not possible to be evaluated. Fifty-six batches containing 1125 capsules were evaluated. 21.4% of the batches revealed insufficiency in uniformity of net mass or drug content and additional 3.6% failed because they did not contain the labelled drug.

Conclusions

Compounded medication is a possible cause of variation of steroid doses in children with adrenal insufficiency or congenital adrenal hyperplasia, putting these vulnerable patients at risk of poor disease control and adrenal crisis. These data may apply to other individualized compounded oral medication as well, emphasizing the need for development of licensed paediatric formulations approved by regulatory authorities.
Association between changes in fat distribution and biomarkers for breast cancer
Authors: van Gemert Willemijn A , Monninkhof Evelyn M , May Anne M , Elias Sjoerd G , van der Palen Job , Veldhuis Wouter , Stapper Maaike , Stellato Rebecca K , Schuit Jantine A , Peeters Petra H
Published: May 2017

We assessed the associations between changes in total and abdominal fat and changes in biomarkers for breast cancer risk using data of the SHAPE-2 trial. In the SHAPE-2 trial, 243 postmenopausal overweight women were included. The intervention in this trial consisted of 5-6 kg weight loss either by diet only or exercise plus diet. After 16 weeks, we measured serum sex hormones, inflammatory markers, total body fat (measured by DEXA scan) and intra and subcutaneous abdominal fat (measured by MRI). Associations between changes in different body fat depots and biomarkers were analysed by linear regression using the study cohort irrespective of randomisation to make maximal use of the distribution of changes in fat measures. We found that a loss in total body fat was associated with favourable changes in free oestradiol, free testosterone, leptin and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG). The loss of intra-abdominal fat was associated with a decrease in free testosterone, hsCRP and leptin, and an increase in SHBG. In the multivariable analysis, the best fitted models for the biomarkers free oestradiol, SHBG leptin and adiponectin included only total body fat. For free testosterone, this was subcutaneous abdominal fat, and for hsCRP and IL-6, only intra-abdominal fat change was important. For IL-6 and adiponectin, however, associations were weak and not significant. We conclude that, in our population of healthy overweight postmenopausal women, loss of fat at different body locations was associated with changes in different types of biomarkers, known to be related to risk of breast cancer.
The interaction of MC3R and MC4R with MRAP2, ACTH, α-MSH and AgRP in chickens
Authors: Zhang Jiannan , Li Xin , Zhou Yawei , Cui Lin , Li Jing , Wu Chenlei , Wan Yiping , Li Juan , Wang Yajun
Published: May 2017

The interaction of melanocortin-4 (MC4R) and melanocortin-3 (MC3R) receptors with proopiomelanocortin (POMC)-derived peptides (e.g. α-MSH), agouti-related protein (AgRP) and melanocortin-2 receptor accessory protein 2 (MRAP2) is suggested to play critical roles in energy balance of vertebrates. However, evidence on their interaction in birds remains scarce. Our study aims to reveal their interaction in chickens and the results showed that (1) chicken (c-)MC3R and cMC4R expressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells can be activated by α-MSH and ACTH1–39equipotently, monitored by a pGL3-CRE-luciferase reporter system; (2) cMC3R and cMC4R, when co-expressed with cMRAP2 (or cMRAP, a cMRAP2 homolog), show increased sensitivity to ACTH treatment and thus likely act as ACTH-preferring receptors, and the interaction between cMC3R/cMC4R and cMRAP2 was demonstrated by co-immunoprecipitation assay; (3) both cMC3R and cMC4R display constitutive activity when expressed in CHO cells, as monitored by dual-luciferase reporter assay, and cMRAP2 (and cMRAP) can modulate their constitutive activity; (4) AgRP inhibits the constitutive activity of cMC3R/cMC4R, and it also antagonizes ACTH/α-MSH action on cMC4R/cMC3R, indicating that AgRP functions as the inverse agonist and antagonist for both receptors. These findings, together with the co-expression ofcMC4R,cMC3R,cMRAP2,cAgRPandcPOMCin chicken hypothalamus detected by quantitative real-time PCR, suggest that within the hypothalamus, α-MSH/ACTH, AgRP and MRAP2 may interact at the MC4R(/MC3R) interface to control energy balance. Furthermore, our data provide novel proof for the involvement of MRAP2 (and MRAP) in fine-tuning the constitutive activity and ligand sensitivity and selectivity of both MC3R and MC4R in vertebrates.
Cap-n-Collar Promotes Tissue Regeneration by Regulating ROS and JNK Signaling in the Drosophila melanogaster Wing Imaginal Disc
Authors: Brock Amanda R , Seto Mabel , Smith-Bolton Rachel K
Published: May 2017

Regeneration is a complex process that requires an organism to recognize and repair tissue damage, as well as grow and pattern new tissue. Here, we describe a genetic screen to identify novel regulators of regeneration. We ablated the Drosophila melanogaster larval wing primordium by inducing apoptosis in a spatially and temporally controlled manner and allowed the tissue to regenerate and repattern. To identify genes that regulate regeneration, we carried out a dominant-modifier screen by assessing the amount and quality of regeneration in adult wings heterozygous for isogenic deficiencies. We have identified 31 regions on the right arm of the third chromosome that modify the regenerative response. Interestingly, we observed several distinct phenotypes: mutants that regenerated poorly, mutants that regenerated faster or better than wild-type, and mutants that regenerated imperfectly and had patterning defects. We mapped one deficiency region to cap-n-collar (cnc), the Drosophila Nrf2 ortholog, which is required for regeneration. Cnc regulates reactive oxygen species levels in the regenerating epithelium, and affects c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) signaling, growth, debris localization, and pupariation timing. Here, we present the results of our screen and propose a model wherein Cnc regulates regeneration by maintaining an optimal level of reactive oxygen species to promote JNK signaling.
Contexto clínico y genético de la obesidad: un complejo mundo por dilucidar
Authors: Jaramillo-Jaramillo Laura Isabel , Martínez-Sánchez Lina María , Ospina-Sánchez Juan Pablo
Published: May 2017

La Organización Mundial de la Salud define la obesidad como una acumulación excesiva de grasa que constituye un riesgo para la salud; es un problema de Salud Pública. La obesidad es una patología compleja que depende de numerosos factores, entre estos, el ambiente y la dieta. Sin embargo, a pesar de la exposición a los mismos factores, hay algunas personas que desarrollan grados más severos de obesidad que otras; esto se debe a la existencia de una susceptibilidad dada por la predisposición genética del individuo.
Aspectos clínicos de la infección por el virusa zika
Authors: Espinoza M. Manuel
Published: May 2017

Se presenta en forma resumida las manifestaciones clínicas más importantes de la infección por el virus zika, infección arboviral, transmitida principalmente por mosquitos del género Aedes. Se resalta la semejanza con los signos y síntomas que produce la infección con el virus dengue, además de la baja proporción de infectados sintomáticos. Se enumera diversas manifestaciones de la enfermedad, especialmente el compromiso neurológico y las raras formas graves que podrían conducir a la muerte.
Chronic hepatitis C virus infection: a new modifiable cardio-metabolic risk factor ?
Authors: Cuciureanu Tudor , Chiriac Stefan , Chiorescu Madalina , Girleanu Irina , Trifan Anca
Published: May 2017

Chronic hepatitis C infection is a systemic disease that leads to a high risk of cirrhosis and hepatic carcinoma, as well as extrahepatic related disorders, immune –related and metabolic alterations such as glucose metabolism impairment and steatosis, thus being a new cardio-metabolic risk factor. It has been shown that, due to chronic inflammation, HCV infection has a direct effect on the arterial wall, initiating endothelial dysfunction which is the first step in atherosclerotic processes with proatherogenic effects and numerous cardiovascular events. The recent data emphasize that HCV infection can induce insulin resistance in the liver and peripheral tissues through multiple mechanisms which interfere with insulin signaling, inducing the production of several proinflammatory cytokines, and modify the lipid metabolism with the result of hepatic steatosis, which is more pronounced in patients with HCV. The emergence of new direct acting, interferon-free antiviral treatment, leading to HCV cure in most cases with a satisfactory safety profile is, according to numerous studies, improving the glucose metabolism disorders and lowering the number of cardiovascular events in patients who obtained sustained viral response, thiugh further studies are needed to clarify definitively the role of HCV infection in cardiovascular and metabolic alterations, as well as the impact of viral eradication on cardiovascular outcomes.
Acute pancreatitis during GLP-1 receptor agonist treatment. A case report
Authors: Chis Bogdan Augustin , Fodor Daniela
Published: May 2017

Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) are the newest treatment for diabetes mellitus (DM). These drugs can down-regulate fasting glucose more than oral drugs and lead to more constant glucose levels compared to regular insulin. Acute pancreatitis is a serious condition that may have a fatal outcome. It has been shown that long term and high doses of GLP-1RA can cause pancreatic changes in animals, but no connection has been proven in humans. We present the case of a 67 years old man with DM treated with oral drugs for 10 years until 3 months before, when GLP-1RA was added. He presented progressive abdominal pain, vomiting, and increased level of serum lipase and amylase were found. Ultrasonography and computed tomography found pancreatic and peripancreatic fatty tissue inflammation (inflammation score 2, necrosis score 0). All the etiologies of acute pancreatitis (lithiasis, alcohol, autoimmune, or trauma) were excluded. After GLP-1RA cessation and supportive treatment the evolution was self-limited with full recovery within 5 days. We concluded that acute pancreatitis can be considered a side effect of the GLP-1 treatment.
Antibiotic treatment in childhood community-acquired pneumonia – clinical practice versus guidelines: results from two university hospitals
Authors: Man Sorin Claudiu , Sas Valentina , Schnell Cristina , Florea Camelia , Țuțu Adelina , Szilágyi Ariana , Belenes Sergiu , Hebriștean Amalia , Bonaț Anca , Cladovan Claudia , Aldea Cornel
Published: May 2017

Background and aims. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a both common and serious childhood infection. Antibiotic treatment guidelines help to reduce inadequate antibiotics prescriptions.Methods. We conducted a retrospective study at the Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children, 3rd Pediatric Clinic, Cluj-Napoca and Dr. Gavril Curteanu Clinical City Hospital, in Oradea. All patients discharged with a diagnosis of CAP between December 1, 2014 and February 28, 2015, were included in the study.Results. There were 146 cases discharged with pneumonia in Cluj-Napoca center (mean age 4 years; range: 1 month – 16 years), and 212 cases in Oradea center (mean age 0.9 years; range: 2 weeks – 8 years). All cases were analyzed. The analysis made in Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children, 3rd Pediatric Clinic, Cluj-Napoca, showed that the antibiotics used in children hospitalized with community-acquired CAP are cefuroxime (43%), ceftriaxone (23%), macrolides (16%), ampicillin in association with an aminoglycoside (6%) and other antibiotics. The same antibiotics were used in Dr. Gavril Curteanu Clinical City Hospital of Oradea, where ampicillin in association with aminoglycoside was utilized in younger children (mean age 1.3 years), while ceftriaxone in older children (5.7 years) and children with high inflammation markers (ESR, CRP). From 11 pleurisy cases, 9 received cefuroxime or ceftriaxone.Conclusions. There was a wide variability in CAP antibiotic treatment across university hospitals, regarding antibiotic choice and dosing. Antibiotic selection was not always related to the clinical and laboratory characteristics of the patient. The national guideline was not followed, especially in children aged one to three months.
Prevalência de Toxoplasma gondii em gestantes atendidas pelo Sistema Único de Saúde
Authors: Nascimento Thaís Laila , Pacheco Camila Mariangela , De Sousa Fabrízio Furtado
Published: May 2017

Introdução: A toxoplasmose é uma das zoonoses mais disseminadas do mundo, conhecida popularmente como a “doença do gato”. A infecção materna primária adquirida durante a gestação, é de elevada importância podendo resultar em infecção com graves sequelas para o feto.Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência do Toxoplasma gondii em gestantes atendidas Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), na cidade de Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brasil, durante os anos de 2013 e 2014.Materiais e Métodos: Foi feito um estudo transversal retrospectivo a partir da analise da prevalência do Toxoplasma gondii. Os dados foram estatisticamente analisados segundo o teste χ2.Resultados: As prevalências observadas foram de 45 e 38% em 2013 e 2014, respectivamente, sendo encontrada diferença significativa entre os dois anos (p<0,05). Na análise da distribuição dos registros obtidos por regiões no município, foi observada maior frequência nas regiões Sudoeste distante, Noroeste rural, Noroeste distante e Oeste. Não houve diferença significativa entre as regiões atingindo prevalência de até 58,6%. A soropositividade também foi relacionada com as categorias de idade, sendo mais frequente entre as gestantes de15 a ≥35 anos. Em 2013 houve relação entre a idade e a soroprevalência (p<0,05).Conclusão: Verificou-se a prevalência de soropositividade para Toxoplasma gondii em 45% das gestantes, em 2013, em 38%, em 2014. Estas prevalências, encontradas na cidade de Divinópolis-MG, são semelhante ás observadas em outros estudos no Brasil, ressaltando a importância de medidas de prevenção, que devem ser intensificadas durante o acompanhamento gestacional, para diminuir a soroconversão e a transmissão fetal.
Fatores associados à ocorrência de acidentes de trânsito entre universitários
Authors: Mesquita Filho Marcos , De Carvalho Carolina Rodrigues , Garcia Elisa De Paula
Published: May 2017

Objetivo: Investigar a ocorrência de acidentes de trânsito entre universitários de 18 a 25 anos e fatores associados.Materiais e Métodos: O estudo transversal, com 500 estudantes. Aplicou-se 3 instrumentos: sociodemográfico, AUDIT (The Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test), para dependência ao álcool, e YRBS (Youth Risk Behavior Survey), que verificou riscos de acidente de trânsito.Resultados: Maioria de indivíduos eram mulheres e a idade média foi 21,2±2,1 anos. Uso de álcool em 67,4% (n=337); sendo 43,2% (n=216) bebedores de risco e 4,4% (n=22) usuários de drogas. Dos 71,2% (n=356) que dirigiam, 63,2% (n=316) eram habilitados. Circulava-se principalmente em automóvel e apenas 50,4% (n=252) dos motoristas e 45,2% (n=226) passageiros usavam cinto de segurança. Foram 42,0% (n=210) os que sofreram acidentes, 10,2% (n=51) no último ano. Houve predomínio masculino (p≤0,05) entre os que dirigiam, que sofreram acidentes, que usavam drogas, que dirigiam após uso de álcool no último mês, que praticaram rachas e os que sofreram acidentes como motoristas. As mulheres eram menos respeitadoras do sinal fechado. Sofrer acidente no último ano se associou ao sexo masculino, ao consumo de risco/dependência para o álcool e a trafegar num veículo cujo motorista consumira bebidas alcoólicas.Conclusão: Quase metade dos universitários haviam sofrido algum acidente, sendo associados ao fato de ser homem, o abuso do álcool e trafegar com um condutor sob efeito de bebidas. Devem ser desencadeadas ações para equacionamento deste importante problema do setor saúde.
Study on the separation of triterpene saponins from Panax notoginseng by off-line two-dimensional supercritical fluid chromatography–ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Xing Qianqian , Fu Qing , Jin Yu , Liang Xinmiao
Published: May 2017

The off-line two-dimensional supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC)–ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) was selected to separate the triterpene saponins from Panax notoginseng. The separation by SFC was performed on an Atlantis® HILIC silica column. Methanol was selected as a modifier, and the most time-saving gradient was developed. The decrease of the column temperature and the increase of the back pressure could shorten the retention time but had no effect on the separation selectivity. Then, the back pressure, column temperature, and flow rate were set as 131 bar, 45 °C, and 4.0 mL min−1, respectively. The retention behavior of the saponins from P. notoginseng was different between SFC and reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC), which facilitated to construct an off-line SFC/RPLC–mass spectrometry (MS) system. In first dimension, a total of eight fractions were collected under SFC and further analyzed by RPLC–MS in second dimension. The result indicated that the retention behavior of triterpene saponins was mainly controlled by the hydrogen bonding interactions which were affected by the number and types of sugars, as well as the aglycone in the structure of triterpene saponins. Thus, the presence of “clustering effect” under SFC was observed, namely, one SFC peak always contained several saponins with same number of sugars and similar structure of aglycone. The clustering effect of triterpene saponins promised SFC to be used as first dimension to complete the preliminary crude separation in the two-dimensional liquid chromatography.
Diagnose der Leptospirose beim Hund
Authors: Llewellyn Julia-Rebecca , Hartmann Katrin , Bergmann Michèle
Published: May 2017

Bei Hunden mit Verdacht auf Leptospirose ist es wichtig, eine eindeutige Diagnose zu stellen, um gezielt therapieren zu können. Zudem stellen infizierte Hunde ein Zoonoserisiko dar. Der kulturelle Erregernachweis aus Blut, Urin oder Gewebe gilt als diagnostischer Referenzstandard. Allerdings besitzt er eine geringe Sensitivität und Leptospiren benötigen Wochen bis Monate, um zu wachsen. Die Untersuchung auf Antikörper und der Nachweis von Leptospiren-DNA mittels PCR gehören daher zu den wichtigsten Nachweismethoden in der Praxis. Beim Hund wird der Mikroagglutinationstest (MAT) trotz einiger Limitationen (z. B. negative Ergebnisse in frühen Infektionsstadien, positive Resultate infolge impfinduzierter Antikörper) nach wie vor am häufigsten durchgeführt. ELISAs können zwischen IgG- und IgM-Antikörpern differenzieren und so eine akute Infektion von früheren Impfungen oder persistierenden Infektionen abgrenzen. Inzwischen wurden ELISA-Schnelltests sowie In-House-PCR-Tests für die Praxis entwickelt, die einfache und schnelle Untersuchungen vor Ort ermög lichen. Allerdings gibt es bisher erst wenige Daten zur Sensitivität und Spezifität dieser Tests. Eine sichere Diagnose kann nur bei einem positiven PCR-Ergebnis oder einem vierfachen Titeranstieg im MAT gestellt werden.
Neue Arzneimittel für Kleintiere 2016
Authors: Emmerich Ilka Ute
Published: May 2017

Im Jahr 2016 kamen für Kleintiere zwei neue Wirkstoffe auf den deutschen Tierarzneimittelmarkt: das Mineralokortikoid Desoxycorticosteron (Zycortal®) und Sarolaner (Simparica®), ein Ektoparasitikum der Isoxazolingruppe. Ein Wirkstoff erhielt eine Tierartenerweiterung. So wurde Fluralaner (Bravecto®), ebenfalls ein Ektoparasitikum der Isoxazolingruppe, auch für Katzen zugelassen. Außerdem kamen ein Präparat mit einer neuen Wirkstoffkombination, ein Wirkstoff in Monozubereitung und zwei Wirkstoffe in einer neuen Darreichungsform für Kleintiere auf den Markt.
Chemical Profiles and Antioxidant Activity of Black Elder (Sambucus Nigra L.) - A Review
Authors: PETRUT Georgiana , MUSTE Sevastita , MURESAN Crina , PAUCEAN Adriana , MURESAN Andruta , NAGY Melinda
Published: May 2017

Introduction: All plant parts of elderberry (leaves, berries, inflorescences, roots, shoots, bark) have a long history of use in herbal remedy or lots of culinary uses, widespread in almost every continent of the world (1). Pro-health properties indicated a role of elderberry products intake in the prevention of cancer and diabetes.Aims: This paper presents an overview of the evaluation of biochemical compounds (sugars, organic acids, total phenolics, antioxidative activity, flavonoids, flavor and volatile compounds), found in flowers, berries and leaves of Sambucus nigra L.Materials and Methods: Chromatographic profiling, spectrophotometric evaluation, DPPH antioxidant assay, ABTS radical scavenging activity.Results: The variability of concentration compounds are found by uniform maturity of each phenophase of elderberry, hence the need varieties improve the quantity and quality of its yield. Elderberry has food industry properties associated with the presence of increased nutritive and decreased caloric value at fruits best correlated with the content of sugars and organic acids of flower, organic acids as a important metabolic pathway of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates. Several studies have confirmed that Sambucus nigra L. is a valuable raw material with many nutrients and bioactive substances, being extraordinarily rich in antioxidants, and the leaves are remarked as easily available source of antioxidant preparations in different domains (food products, pharmaceutics, or cosmetics).Conclusion: A bush of Sambucus nigra L. in the garden is our true handy pharmacy, a food market like as functional ingredient, a spot of color with unmistakable smell.
Obtaining a Functional Product Through the Exploitation of Mushroom Flour in Pasta
Authors: MURESAN Crina Carmen , FARCAS Anca , MAN Simona , SUHAROSCHI Ramona , VLAIC Romina Alina
Published: May 2017

The present study focuses on the influence of adding mushroom powder on a certain assortment of pasta. The research comprises two major directions: the study of the raw materials used to produce pasta from a compositional point of view and the quantification of some biologically active compounds of interest; emphasizing the potential of using Boletus edulis mushroom powder in the composition of pasta and evaluating the quality of the product from a nutritional and sensorial point of view. For this purpose, two types of pasta have been created, with different percentages of mushroom, 10% and 20%, but also a blank sample obtained in the same conditions, but without mushroom powder. To achieve the goal the following analyzes were conducted: proteins, total polyphenols, antioxidant activity, fat, humidity, ashes, acidity, increase in volume of the boiled pasta and customers’ preferences.By using sensory analysis has been established that the consumers preferred pasta enriched with 10% mushroom powder. In conclusion, the addition of mushrooms flour assures an enhancement of the nutritional value, as well as of the organoleptic characteristics of the final product.
Methods for flutter stability analysis of long-span bridges: a review
Authors: Abbas Tajammal , Kavrakov Igor , Morgenthal Guido
Published: May 2017

Predicting the phenomenon of aerodynamic instability is essential for the analysis and design of long-span cable-supported bridges. This paper reviews the history and development of aerodynamic analysis techniques and state-of-the-art numerical and experimental methods for flutter stability analysis. A discussion of the flutter phenomenon is followed by a literature review. This study provides a perspective on self-excited aerodynamic force models, identification of aerodynamic derivatives and methods for determining aerodynamic instability of long-span bridges in two dimensions and three dimensions. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques for modelling the flow past bluff bodies are also covered. Different model combination techniques are presented, utilising analytical, numerical and experimental approaches to predict the flutter limit. The effect of different parameters on the flutter stability limit is also highlighted. Furthermore, an overview of the complementary relationship between wind tunnel testing and CFD is provided. Finally, this paper also describes the engineering solutions adopted as countermeasures to prevent flutter instabilities.
First structural use of site-cast, alkali-activated slag concrete in China
Authors: Yang Kai , Yang Changhui , Zhang Jingjie , Pan Qun , Yu Linwen , Bai Yun
Published: May 2017

This paper reports the first structural application of site-cast, alkali-activated slag concrete in China. Special attention was given in this office building project at Chongqing Jianke to quality control, construction procedure and assessment. The experience showed that quality and costs could be successfully managed through careful control of raw materials, suitable selection of admixtures, proper mix proportions and an efficient construction team. It was also found that alkali-activated slag concrete has the potential for use in cold weather. The ambient temperature during construction was at times below 5°C, yet no specific procedures were needed to maintain the temperature or provide additional heat. The project is a useful reference for future structural use of alkali-activated slag concrete.
Alteridade e psicanálise: as modalidades de Outro em Lacan
Authors: Homrich Marcele Teixeira
Published: May 2017

o presente texto busca apresentar o conceito de alteridade a partir de um diálogo com a psicanálise, mais especificamente com os conceitos apresentados por J. Lacan. Para tanto, será percorrido um trabalho conceitual entorno das modalidade de Outrem em Lacan: pequeno outro, grande Outro, objeto pequeno a, o outro do laço social e o Heteros. Para finalizar indicamos que a alteridade não é apenas algo que se põe no outro, mas que emerge no sujeito pelo Outro que nos constitui. A possibilidade de reconhecer o outro como alteridade coloca em potência a dimensão dos desconhecimentos que definem o eu.
Comunidade e participação: o segredo à pacificação dos conflitos na sociedade contemporânea
Authors: Diehl Rodrigo Cristiano , Brandt Fernanda
Published: May 2017

O presente estudo tem por finalidade analisar as múltiplas faces do conflito na sociedade contemporânea e a utilização das práticas restaurativas enquanto processo de indução da participação comunitária na pacificação dos conflitos. Nesse contexto, questiona-se: os indivíduos, por intermédio da participação comunitária e das práticas restaurativas, podem ser compreendidos enquanto agentes transformadores na propositura de uma nova cultura de pacificação dos conflitos? Desse modo, estruturou-se o artigo em dois capítulos onde cada um corresponde respectivamente a um objetivo específico, sendo assim, o primeiro preocupa-se com o conflito na sociedade contemporânea e os métodos alternativos e comunitários de pacificação, e o segundo tem como foco central compreender práticas restaurativas enquanto processo de transformação dos conflitos. Em sua construção, utiliza-se como método de abordagem o hipotético-dedutivo, como método de procedimento o monográfico e a pesquisa bibliográfica enquanto técnica de pesquisa.
A posição original de John Rawls como modelo para a sociedade dos povos
Authors: Trindade Ubiratan
Published: May 2017

Este trabalho tem a pretensão de refletir sobre se seria possível realizar a utopia proposta por John Rawls em sua obra O Direito dos Povos (2001). É tarefa da filosofia política, como o próprio Rawls admitia cumprir um papel de ser realisticamente utópica, com a pretensão de expandir os limites da possibilidade da política prática. Sua esperança era que a humanidade tivesse como base a crença de que a natureza do mundo social viesse permitir existir sociedades democráticas constitucionais, razoavelmente justas e que, as mesmas fizessem parte da Sociedade dos Povos. Neste mundo social, a paz e a justiça seriam obtidas entre povos liberais, nacional e internacionalmente. Se em Uma Teoria da Justiça (1971) e no Liberalismo Político (1993) Rawls reflete a possibilidade da existência de uma sociedade liberal, justa e igualitária, em O Direito dos Povos, sua reflexão coloca como seria possível uma sociedade mundial de povos liberais. O que motivou Rawls escrever esta obra foi os “grandes males” da humanidade, tais como a guerra injusta, a opressão, a perseguição religiosa, a fome, a pobreza, a imigração, os refugiados e a liberdade de consciência. O artigo parte da ideia da posição original como um modelo de representação para a construção de sociedades liberais. Servindo-se da alegoria da posição original, que segue alguns passos, como por exemplo, o véu da ignorância com o qual iremos demonstrar uma possível espécie de segunda posição original. Se, no primeiro modelo, ela serve para construir uma sociedade justa no interior de um Estado, no segundo modelo, poderia servir para a construção de uma Sociedade dos Povos? Esta é a resposta que vamos encaminhar a partir dessa investigação.
ANÁLISE DA EVOLUÇÃO DA CONCENTRAÇÃO INDUSTRIAL NO VAREJO SUPERMERCADISTA BRASILEIRO ENTRE 1998 E 2013
Authors: De Oliveira Júlio César , Delgado Felipe Dos Santos
Published: May 2017

O presente artigo teve como objetivo analisar e determinar a evolução da concentração de mercado do setor supermercadista brasileiro no período compreendido entre 1998 e 2013. O estudo constatou-se que houve aumento da concentração no setor supermercadista, impulsionado pela entrada de redes estrangeiras e pelo expressivo movimento de fusões e aquisições verificados a partir da década de 1990.
EVOLUCIÓN BIOLÓGICA: ACTITUDES DE ESTUDIANTES BRASILEÑOS (Pag.51-66)
Authors: Oliveira Graciela , Apgan Acacio , Bizzo Nelio
Published: May 2017

La teoría de la evolución biológica es esencial para comprender la diversidad de organismos vivos, aunque todavía sea controversial en ciertos grupos sociales. En este artículo relatamos un trabajo de investigación realizado con el objetivo de entender la aceptación o el rechazo de la evolución biológica por parte de estudiantes brasileños de Tangará da Serra – MT, en la región amazónica. Los estudiantes fueron: alumnos de secundaria y alumnos universitarios que cursan Ciencias Biológicas. Las informaciones fueron recogidas a través de cuestionarios, usando escalas Likert. Doscientos noventa y cuatro (294) cuestionarios fueron llenados por alumnos de secundaria, ciento cincuenta y nueve (159) cuestionarios fueron llenados por alumnos universitarios que buscan un diploma de Biología. El conocimiento científico y las creencias religiosas de los estudiantes fueron significativamente correlacionados. En ambos grupos se observó que las actitudes opuestas a las posiciones evolutivas fueron influenciadas por la religión y esto es más evidente en las mujeres, que se revelaron más comprometidas con las actividades religiosas.
ENSEÑAR Y APRENDER BIOLOGÍA EVOLUTIVA EN EL SIGLO XXI (Pag:80-88)
Authors: Ruiz Gutiérrez Rosaura , Álvarez Pérez Eréndira , Noguera Solano Ricardo , Esparza Soria Martha Susana
Published: May 2017

La biología evolutiva es una disciplina integradora; sin embargo, en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje ha ocupado espacios curriculares exiguos, que se reducen a un tema o inciso de los programas de estudio, lo que resulta insuficiente para enseñar y aprender biología en la formación científica básica, media superior y superior. Ante esa situación, el objetivo de este escrito es plantear que en tanto los fenómenos biológicos se explican desde su funcionalidad e historia evolutiva, es necesario que los contenidos curriculares, la formación docente y los recursos didácticos den cuenta, al mismo tiempo, de la naturaleza histórica y funcional de lo vivo; solo así podrá lograrse la enseñanza y el aprendizaje del pensamiento biológico.
De la Polisemia de los Conceptos.El concepto Gen como caso Particular
Authors: Melo Salcedo Lola Constanza
Published: May 2017

La discusión en torno a los conceptos involucra a filósofos, psicólogos, filósofos, científicos y, en los últimos años, didactas de las ciencias. Este debate es tan relevante por el creciente disenso entre la comunidad científica respecto a la posibilidad de la verdad y de la objetividad en las ciencias y la relación con los conceptos. En el siguiente artículo se discutirá la noción de concepto y, especialmente, la del concepto de gen, sobre el que se pretende mostrar un breve estudio de su desarrollo histórico (en la biología) que permite identificar diversos significados que responden al contexto explicativo de los distintos episodios y sucesos históricos que tuvieron lugar en el siglo XX.
Los insectos como Estrategia Didactica en la enseñanza de la Ecologia, a través del Cómic
Authors: Robles Piñeros Jairo
Published: May 2017

Este trabajo se desarrolló con el objetivo de implementar una estrategia didáctica basada en el estudio de los insectos como organismo tipo, haciendo énfasis en su importancia filogenética y ecológica. Por consiguiente, se abordaron algunos conceptos estructurantes de ecología pertinentes y necesarios en los grados octavos del Instituto Pedagógico Nacional (IPN); se propició un acercamiento a las problemáticas ambientales actuales y se promovió la conservación biológica desde el contexto inmediato. Parallevar a cabo estos objetivos, el proyecto se fundamentó en la realización de un cómic que funcionó como herramienta y recurso educativo que articula conceptos de entomología, ecología, conservación y permitió contribuir en la alfabetización científica del estudiante a través de un lenguaje sencillo y atractivo, hecho que además brindó la posibilidad de abordar la ciencia desde una visión holística y contextual. La finalización del proyecto de investigación permitió la evaluación de la estrategia y la materialización del cómic. El seguimiento realizado posibilitó visualizar la ampliación delas concepciones en uno de los obstáculos en el aprendizaje de las ciencias referido a los conocimientos previos, lo cual desarrolló en los estudiantes actitudes y tendencias positivas frente a los insectos y la naturaleza, su conservación y la responsabilidad inminente con el medio ambiente. El lenguaje cotidiano, promovido por el contexto social y cultural, se concibe como el principal obstáculo epistemológico en la enseñanza de la ecología. El abordaje de conceptos básicos en ecología fue un factor de transformación en las actitudes y percepciones de los estudiantes con respecto a los insectos. En cuanto al cómic, este se mantiene como una herramienta llamativa, eficaz y motivadora para la enseñanza de las temáticas científicas y promueve al estudiante actuar frente a las problemáticas ambientales más próximas. Este trabajo se considera un aporte a la construcción del conocimiento didáctico del contenido biológico del docente de la biolgia.
La configuración del conocimiento profesional del profesor principiante: enseñar célula, un estudio de caso
Authors: Jimenez Narváez Maria Mercedes , Angulo Delgado Fanny , Soto Lombana Carlos Arturo
Published: May 2017

Óscar es un profesor principiante del área de ciencias naturales que enseñó el tema de la célula en un grupo de cuarto grado de primaria. Su caso forma parte de una tesis doctoralmás amplia que indaga por la configuración del conocimiento profesional en los primeros años de docencia, especialmente analizando el Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK). La experiencia de este profesor principiante pone en evidencia las intrincadas relaciones entre los componentes pedagógicos, disciplinares (biología) y del contexto y, a su vez, la influencia de estos en la construcción del PCK. Las condiciones institucionales y las creencias que tiene el profesor sobre la ciencia y su enseñanza orientan las decisiones que toma en el aula, mostrando algunas dificultades en la transformación del contenido de este tema; los hallazgos reflexionar sobre su formación inicial y, a la vez, dan indicios sobre la necesidad de generar procesos de acompañamiento para los profesores en esta etapa de la carrera docente, conocida como la inserción profesional.
Salud Pública en México Implicaciones para la enseñanza de la Biologia y las Ciencias de la Salud
Authors: Ruvalcaba Ledezma Jesus Carlos , Cortés Ascensio Sandra Yasmin , Jiménez Mora Jose Margarito
Published: May 2017

La salud pública se define como la ciencia y arte de impedir las enfermedades, prolongar la vida y fomentar la salud y eficiencia mediante el esfuerzo organizado de la comunidad. La salud pública surge en nuestro país como una necesidad ante las condiciones sociales y culturales. La introducción de la vacuna antivariolosa, el consejo general de salubridad e instituciones de salud enmarcan el inicio de la salud pública en nuestro país, las acciones implementadas en salud pública y el crecimiento demográfico, entre otros determinantes socio–ambientales de la salud, han provocado cambios en el estilo de vida; la tasa de mortalidad ha disminuido y la esperanza de vida al nacer se incrementó sustancialmente, por lo que se requiere enfrentar los retos de la transición de las enfermedades infecciosas y parasitarias a las enfermedades crónicas, bajo la comprensión de la perspectiva educación– cultura socio–ambiental y mediante recursos humanos altamente calificados en salud pública. Esto requiere que en el proceso enseñanza–aprendizaje de la biología sea necesaria la aplicación del enfoque constructivista, desde diversosmodelos, entre ellos el de la modificabilidad cognitiva en el contexto–realidad del alumno, para generar científicos con mayor capacidad para la resolución de problemas de investigación biológica y, por consecuencia, mejores estrategias de impacto en la salud pública de México.
Aspectos Históricos y Epistemológicos del Concepto Biodiversidad
Authors: Gutiérrez Hérnandez Sergio Giovany
Published: May 2017

El término biodiversidad se utiliza actualmente en diferentes contextos, entre los que se destacan el biológico, el político y el económico; este concepto implica diferentes enfoques y disciplinas científicas que aluden al problema de la extinción de gran parte de la diversidad de formas de vida en el planeta. Para que el concepto sea comprendido desde todas sus dimensiones se hace necesario rastrear las bases históricas y epistemológicas que permitieron su emerger, siendo estas el tema central del presente ensayo. Aunado a lo anterior se propone la enseñanza del concepto de biodiversidad a partir de una mirada holística y no segmentada, que reconozca el devenir histórico y permita abordarlo como eje estructurante y no como temática independiente.
IDENTIDAD CULTURAL, REALIDAD BIOLÓGICA, ESPECIES DOMESTICAS Y APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN PROYECTOS: UNA PROPUESTA PARA LAS AULAS LATINOAMERICANAS
Authors: Téllez Estrada María del Rocío , Valadez Azúa Raúl
Published: May 2017

Actualmente, gran parte de los latinoamericanos estamos inmersos en un esquema donde vivimos por un lado la globalización y por otro tradiciones que son producto de siglos de historia en espacios biogeográficos específicos. En este sentido, los esquemas educativos tienen el mayor compromiso de salvaguardar nuestro acervo biológico (recursos) y cultural (tradiciones), para mantener en el educando la conciencia de que es parte de él. Dentro de los esquemas educativos actuales, en los que se promueve la enseñanza a través del desarrollo de habilidades y la interacción de las diversas disciplinas en pro de un pensamiento integrador y crítico, es fundamental disponer de elementos de estudio que permitan entender el fenómeno biológico, el histórico y el cultural de manera simultánea. Como propuesta a estas necesidades se plantea el uso de proyectos escolares dirigidos al estudio de animales, plantas y hongos domésticos latinoamericanos, dado que cada uno de ellos tiene una historia biológica y cultural integrada a las diversas regiones latinoamericanas; muchos han sido estudiados por diversas disciplinas y forman parte de la realidad de los habitantes de dichas regiones. Un caso ilustrativo aplicable a las aulas mexicanas es el perro pelón mexicano o xoloitzcuintle, el cual ha sido estudiado por la genética, la biología molecular, la medicina veterinaria, la zootecnia, la historia, la arqueozoología, la etnohistoria y la lingüística; mostrándose cómo promover su estudio al interior de las diferentes asignaturas, dentro de proyectos estudiantiles. Esta propuesta es igualmente aplicable a numerosas especies latinoamericanas que, al ser domésticas y muchas veces de carácter regional, pueden ser empleadas en estos proyectos escolares, para ver a través de ellas aspectos biológicos, médicos, históricos, culturales, de aprovechamiento, siempre dentro de un marco de cotidianeidad para el alumno, promoviendo en él la certeza del valor de estos recursos asociados con lo natural y lo cultural.
CONFIGURACIÓN DEL JOVEN DENTRO DE LA CONDICIÓN DEL INDIGENA: BÚSQUEDA E INDAGACIONE EN TORNO A LA ENSEÑANZA
Authors: Garibello Escobar Margarita
Published: May 2017

El presente trabajo hace referencia a la enseñanza como una posibilidad de desplegar, investigar y mostrar la configuración del joven dentro de la condición indígena, atendiendo a la historicidad de las prácticas discursivas de la escuela de Puerto Nariño (Amazonas), la cotidianidad del ambiente en que viven los jóvenes y las exigencias que recaen sobre ellos desde discursos, fuerzas de poder, juegos de verdad y necesidades que la época actual propone. Es una invitación a problematizar el quehacer del maestro sacudiendo los campos delimitados en que se visualiza y enfoca la enseñanza, teniendo en cuenta, como punto central, la pregunta por la singularidad del joven habitante de territorios indígenas. La metodología utilizada en la presente investigación documental, preocupada por movilizar verdades y nociones construidas respecto a lo indígena, se sitúa desde la mirada arqueológica-genealógica de Michel Foucault que toma sus referentes teóricos como caja de herramientas. Así, se abre un campo de discusión en el que se deduce que uno de los modos de enunciación de la condición indígena es la etnicidad, a la cual subyacen funciones de objeto (rescate, conservación y pérdida culturales), sujeto (joven indígena) y conceptos en relación con lo étnico, como el patrimonio y la cultura; que vienen a constituirse como un afuera ajeno a la contingencia del joven, pero fundamental en su configuración y alojamiento en tal condición.
LA EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL CON ENFOQUE INTERCULTURAL. ATISBOS LATINOAMERICANOS
Authors: García Campos Helio Manuel
Published: May 2017

En América Latina se ha instituido un nuevo modelo de educación superior, denominado intercultural o indígena, en este ensayo se analiza el potencial que ha representado en esas instituciones, la integración de líneas formativas acerca de la sustentabilidad ambiental en vinculación con enfoques de la educación intercultural, marcando una pauta y nuevas perspectivas para la integración de otros campos como los de las etnociencias, la agroecología, la educación y la antropología aplicada. Se analizan aspectos acerca de la relación cultura-naturaleza, considerando la diversidad biocultural y sus expresiones territoriales que forman parte de un patrimonio con el que las sociedades rurales e indígenas contribuyen a definir perspectivas de rumbo a las tendencias civilizatorias actuales. A partir de esta revisión se postula un marco conceptual comparativo e integrador que puede servir como referente en la aplicación de experiencias o la búsqueda de alternativas educativas que permitan acercar los campos de la educación ambiental y a la educación intercultural.