bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unsovereign democracy: why imagination matters in modern politics (and makes religion still relevant)
Authors: Costa Paolo
Published: December 2024

The essay articulates the insight that the current crisis of liberal democracies is also a problem of cramped political imagination, which can benefit from the resources of religious imagination, particularly of Christian theological imaginary. If there is a truth emerging from the long history of democratic régimes is that a healthy democracy cannot survive for long without citizen empowerment. Put otherwise, precisely because democracy is a demanding form of self-government, democratic citizens must periodically be fortified in their belief that they have an influence on the direction of their lives. Famously, mass mobilization and protest are among the most effective ways in which this sense of citizen-empowerment is engrained in people’s hearts and minds. This has led some thinkers to stress the role of contestatory politics in that “mise en forme de la société” (C. Lefort), which is ultimately what democracy is all about. Protest, however, needs political institutional channels and outlets in order not to lose its thrust. And it needs as well a coherent social imaginary capable of nourishing the subtle practices of self-government. What happens, then, when its advocates find their main source of motivation and commitment in the rejection of politics or in the problematic allure of a sovereign self? What consequences has this distinctive double bind? And what does it tell us about the future of democracy? Precisely because figuring out an effective form of democratic self-government in modern hyperdiverse societies is hard and embarking in its actualization is a risky, almost utopian enterprise, it makes sense to ask whether there may be an overlap between democratic political imagination and religious imagination in this field. More specifically, the underlying question is whether Christian theological imaginary can bolster people’s trust in human ethical growth and deep transformative potential beyond the model of contestatory democracy as an empowering egalitarian form of self-rule.
Perception of sickle cell patients on their diagnosis and management practices at the eighteen sickle cell clinics of Delta State Nigeria: The research protocol v1
Authors: Nnemdi Okwe Uchechukuka
Published: December 2024

The broad objective of this study is to investigate the perception of the sickle cell disease (SCD) patients on their diagnosis and management practices in Delta State Nigeria. This was designed to be clinical observational study at the SCD clinics in Delta State Nigeria. This would include cross sectional and retrospective cohort studies. Data collection would utilize qualitative interview, quantitative questionnaires, and non-experimental design involving retrospective clinical audits of patients’ medical records. 700 randomly selected SCD patients are set to be recruited. Statistical evaluations would involve descriptive a well as qualitative and quantitative analysis. The expected results will hopefully ensure improvement in treatments and alert policy makers in the State and National levels on appropriate SCD care.
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Analysis of 3D Printer Nozzle Designs
Authors: Hajili Rasul , Temirel Mikail
Published: December 2024

Additive manufacturing, particularly 3D printing, has gained significant attention recently due to its flexibility, precision, and sustainability. Among the various 3D printing technologies, Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) stands out as one of the most popular due to its affordability, ease of use, and print quality. However, a major drawback of FDM-based 3D printers is their relatively low print resolution. One of the key factors influencing print quality is the nozzle design, especially its geometry. As a result, numerous studies in literature have focused on improving 3D printing performance by optimizing nozzle design. In this study, we investigated the effects of nozzle geometry from a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) perspective, examining three aspects: die angle, outlet size, and outlet shape. The CFD analysis revealed that the die angle primarily influences the shear stress within the nozzle, while the outlet size has a significant impact on velocity and pressure difference. The outlet shape affects shear stress, velocity, and pressure difference to a lesser extent than the die angle and size.
The Dual Mediating Effects of Emotional Clarity and Mattering on the Relationship Between Attachment Anxiety and Interpersonal Competence of Employees in Their 20s and 30s
Authors:   Research Institute For Life And Culture Sogang University, Bae Sungae
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to examine the mediating effects of emotional clarity and mattering on the relationship between attachment anxiety and interpersonal competence among employees in their 20s and 30s. A self-report survey was conducted with a panel of 300 male and female employees aged 20 to 39. The double mediation effect was analyzed using SPSS Process Macro, and the significance of the mediation effect was tested through bootstrapping. The key findings of the study are as follows: First, emotional clarity and mattering showed mediating effects between attachment anxiety and interpersonal competence in employees in their 20s and 30s. Secondly, attachment anxiety is sequentially mediated through emotional clarity and mattering, exhibiting a dual mediation effect that negatively influences interpersonal competence. These findings suggest that to improve interpersonal competence among employees in their 20s and 30s, it is crucial to help individuals clearly recognize their emotions and feel valued in their interpersonal relationships. This study contributes to expanding the research on the structural relationship between attachment anxiety, emotional clarity, mattering, and interpersonal competence in young employees. It also provides practical implications for counseling interventions that focus on emotional clarity and mattering to enhance interpersonal competence.
Use of Pet/CT in different scenarios on rare and orphan diseases of autoimmune origin
Authors: Ordúz Liset , Hernandez Marylin , Germán Gerardo
Published: January 2025

Autoimmune diseases are on the rise, likely due to many factors such as pollution, infections, dietary changes, climate modifications, and exposure to xenobiotics. These diseases impact individuals, society, and healthcare systems. Some diseases are well-known, such as type 1 diabetes, while others are orphan or rare diseases.

According to the WHO, rare diseases affect fewer than five people, 10,000 inhabitants, and over 7,000 diseases. These conditions generally have low prevalence, are mostly chronically debilitating, and typically lack treatment.

In 2013, the European Society of Nuclear Medicine and the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging published guidelines for using [18F]FDG (the main radiotracer) in PET/CT studies of inflammation and infection. The use of this radiotracer has expanded in recent decades.

Our objective was to describe the use of PET/CT and its various radiotracers in rare or orphan autoimmune diseases classified in ICD-11. To achieve this, we followed the methodology outlined by the Joanna Briggs Institute for scoping reviews.

Seventy-seven articles were included in the thematic analysis; 71 were case reports, while the rest were case series and cross-sectional studies. The predominant finding in the PET/CT scans of the different pathologies was an increase in the uptake of various radiotracers, with [18F]FDG being the most commonly used. This diagnostic tool provided a comprehensive view of the systemic involvement of multiple conditions, such as Castleman disease and Cogan syndrome. It helped to identify the primary tumor and guide therapies for diseases like acromegaly.
Transformative Powerlessness: The Role of Powerlessness in Recovery from Interpersonal Trauma
Authors: Flint Dr. Tuly , Eytan Dr. Sharon
Published: January 2025

This qualitative study delves into the complex nature of powerlessness, a significant aspect of the suffering experienced by survivors of interpersonal trauma. While powerlessness is typically viewed as a negative attribute, spiritual teachings suggest that embracing it can lead to inner peace and calm. A phenomenological study was conducted, interviewing 49 survivors of various interpersonal traumas who turned to spirituality for recovery. Once seen as a hindrance, powerlessness became a recovery tool that enabled participants to seek help while rejecting helplessness. This process involved hitting rock bottom, experiencing Transformative Powerlessness, and ultimately submitting to spirituality and the Sublime. Interviews analysis unveiled the different components of Transformative Powerlessness and the paradoxes that exist within it. This article offers a fresh perspective on powerlessness, showcasing how accepting it in its most extreme form empowers individuals to choose life and seek help. In promoting recovery processes, caregivers, family members, and trauma survivors can utilize this innovative concept of Transformative Powerlessness.
Early recognition and management of gangrenous cholecystitis: a single-center experience and a comprehensive review of risk factors and imaging findings
Authors: Hassanesfahani Maryam , Williams Benjamin S. , Z. Asghar Ayesha , Fernandez Luis , Mile Andrew , Louis Martine A. , Mandava Nageswara
Published: December 2024

Background: Annually, approximately 200,000 acute cholecystitis (AC) cases are diagnosed in the U.S., with gangrenous cholecystitis (GC) occurring in 2-20% of AC cases. GC, characterized by ischemic necrosis of the gallbladder, is often associated with delayed diagnosis, leading to increased complications, longer hospital stays, and mortality rates ranging from 15-50%. This study presents a series of GC cases treated at our institution.
Methods: A retrospective review was conducted at a community hospital on patients from October 2012 to December 2022 with GC confirmed by pathology. Data collected included demographics, clinical parameters, lab values, imaging, operative findings, management, and outcomes, aiming to identify risk factors, treatment approaches, and associated outcomes.
Results: Out of 5,746 cholecystectomy patients, 67 (1.16%) had GC. The average age was 56, with a male predominance (64%). Incidence was highest among Hispanic (37%) and Asian (28%) populations. Common comorbidities included hypertension (48%), obesity (36%), and diabetes (33%). Clinical presentations included right upper quadrant pain (64%) and epigastric pain (46%). Computed tomography (CT) findings showed gallbladder distention (43%), fat stranding (22%), and perforation (3%). Surgical approaches were laparoscopic cholecystectomy (75%), converted-to-open cholecystectomy (19%), and open cholecystectomy (3%). Complications included bile leak (7%), wound infection (4%), hematoma (3%), and wound dehiscence (1%), with a 1.4% mortality rate.
Conclusions: GC is a severe AC complication linked to delayed presentation, with higher complication and mortality rates. Recognizing risk factors such as age, gender, and imaging/laboratory findings can facilitate early diagnosis and timely surgical intervention, improving patient outcomes.
Impact of single layer reconstruction following surgery for chronic calcific pancreatitis: a retrospective analytical study
Authors: Rajachandrasekar Murugesan , Livinjose Joseph Rosemary , Prabhakaran Raju , Sugumar Chidambaranathan
Published: December 2024

Background: Surgery is an effective treatment for chronic calcific pancreatitis (CCP), addressing intractable pain and complications. While many studies predict outcomes of various surgical procedures, few focus on the impact of reconstruction type. This retrospective study analyzed the outcomes of single-layer pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ) following surgery for CCP. Aim was to evaluate outcomes of single-layer PJ in CCP patients, focusing on complications, pain relief, exocrine insufficiency, and endocrine dysfunction, compared with historical controls.
Methods: The study included 250 CCP patients treated at a tertiary care center in Chennai, India, from January 2011 to December 2024. Surgical ductal clearance and single-layer Roux-en-Y PJ using non-absorbable/delayed absorbable sutures were performed. Data on intraoperative parameters, postoperative complications, and follow-up assessments at 1, 2, and 3 months were analyzed. Primary outcomes included reductions in pancreatic fistula, bleeding, and infections. Secondary outcomes included operative time and duct size.
Results: The median age was 38 years, with a male predominance (74%). Frey’s procedure was the most common (59.2%), and the mean operative time was 170 minutes. Complications included pancreatic fistulas (6.4%) and infections (9.6%), with a low mortality rate (0.4%). Postoperatively, 91% of patients achieved pain relief, and 64.4% of diabetics had improved glycemic control. Single-layer PJ showed shorter operative times than two-layer PJ with similar pain relief and blood loss. Complications decreased significantly (from 45% to 8%), alongside reduced postoperative pain scores.
Conclusions: Single-layer PJ is a safe, effective reconstruction method for CCP, reducing surgical complexity and related complications.
A study on various risk factors involved in benign gastrointestinal perforations in rural population of tri-state border
Authors: Venkatesan Arjun Karthik Muthukrishnan , Amudala Abhiram , Chidamber Rao Channanna , Dasari Kavya
Published: December 2024

Background: Gastrointestinal perforation is a common surgical emergency encountered by surgeons worldwide. Benign gastrointestinal perforations are especially prevalent in rural populations, leading to significant mortality and often requiring emergency surgery. This study was aimed to investigate the association of various risk factors of benign gastrointestinal perforations in the Tristate border of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka, thereby assessing the prognosis and surgical outcome.
Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted from March 2023 to March 2024 at the Department of General Surgery, PESIMSR, KUPPAM. The study included a total of 50 patients with perforation features, selected using purposive sampling technique. A detailed medical history was taken, physical examination and relevant investigations were conducted, and the findings were correlated with intraoperative and histopathology reports. The patients were followed up for complications. The data was analysed with appropriate statistical methods.
Results: Out of 50 patients, 72% were males and 28% were females. The most common age range of presentation was 41-50 years. The leading cause of perforation was peptic ulcer, accounting for 46% of cases, followed by appendicitis in 22% of cases, typhoid in 18% of cases, trauma in 12% of cases, and tuberculosis in 2% of cases.  Mortality was observed in 7 cases (14%). It's important to note that multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and mortality were linked to a higher Mannheim peritonitis prognostic index, indicating a poor prognosis.
Conclusion: Early diagnosis with risk factors assessment, immediate fluid resuscitation, and timely surgical intervention are crucial in significantly lowering the mortality rate associated with perforated peritonitis.
Rare case of accessory cystic artery treated with laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Venu Vinayak , Rohil Basant , Nichat Pramod D. , Mahankudo Suresh , Majhi Ashis , Malik Salman , Peddi Tanuja
Published: December 2024

Anomalies of the cystic artery are of significant clinical importance during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, with accessory cystic arteries posing a challenge for surgeons due to increased risk of vascular injury and hemorrhage. This case report describes a 45-year-old female patient who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy for symptomatic cholelithiasis, during which an accessory cystic artery was identified. Careful dissection and precise intraoperative management allowed for the successful identification and ligation of both the main and accessory cystic arteries, preventing intraoperative complications. The patient had an uneventful recovery and was discharged on postoperative day two. This case emphasizes the importance of preoperative awareness of vascular variations and highlights the need for meticulous surgical technique to avoid potential complications in patients with accessory cystic arteries.
Sheer negligence turned into nightmare for a child: a case report of multiple magnetic foreign bodies intake
Authors: Bajwa Jaspreet S. , Arnav Arjit , Bhatia Inderpreet S. , Singh Anjali
Published: December 2024

Foreign body ingestion is one of the most common pediatric emergencies. The ubiquity of toys containing magnetic elements lead to an increase in such incidences. While most ingested foreign bodies, including a single magnet and will spontaneously pass out of the gastrointestinal tract, some may give rise to grave and potentially life-threatening complications which is often seen in the presence of 2 or more magnets or paramagnetic material. The diagnosis of ingestion of magnetic foreign bodies remains a challenge, given its often ambiguous history and presentation. Here we present one such case of multiple metallic foreign bodies intake gone unnoticed by the parents which brought nightmare for the 5-year-old child and for the surgery team due to on table decisions being taken. Unlike most cases of foreign body ingestion, the presence of magnetic and paramagnetic elements imposes the risk of serious injury to the gastrointestinal tract. While history and clinical presentation are often ambiguous, it is paramount that physicians carefully investigate the patient; a simple plain abdominal radiograph may suffice in revealing any dense foreign bodies of metallic densities. The ingestion of multiple magnets presents a unique situation in which foreign objects are not able to pass with normal motility due to tethering between loops of bowel, which may become ischemic and perforate. We recommend early surgical intervention before gastrointestinal complications develop. Toy companies, parents and physicians should be warned of potentially fatal outcome of ingesting these ‘nicely made’ toys.
A rare case of long subserosal paracolic subhepatic appendix
Authors: Ranga Hansraj , Vidit Vidit , Singh Tarun , Sehrawat Versha , Choudhary Ruchi
Published: December 2024

Appendicitis is the most common surgical emergency worldwide with variable presentation and unusual positions of appendix. Subhepatic appendicitis is a rare presentation due to congenital malpositioning of the appendix under the liver rather than its typical location in right iliac fossa. This atypical location of appendix leads to recurrent episodes of appendicitis, delayed diagnosis and increased risk of complications. In this case report, A 17-year-young female presented to the emergency room with complaints of pain in right lower abdomen associated with vomiting and fever for 3 days, diagnosed with sub-acute appendicitis. She also had similar 3 episodes in past with complaints of pain in the abdomen for the last one year. She managed conservatively and with advice of a laparoscopic interval appendectomy. Intra-operatively, she was diagnosed with long subserosal paracolic subhepatic appendix. Through previous literature reviews and case analysis, this case report highlights the importance of the unusual position of the appendix and its surgical management. Clinicians should keep all anatomical variants in mind while diagnosing appendicitis for early recognition, prevention of recurrent episodes and complications associated with delayed treatment.
BİR YE-MEME SORUNSALI: “KEMİKLERİNE KADAR” (TO THE BONE) FİLMİNİN NESNE İLİŞKİLERİ KURAMI BAĞLAMINDA ANALİZİ
Authors: Faraji Haydeh , Yıldırım Ekmekci Ayşen
Published: December 2024

Senaristliği ve yönetmenliği geçmişinde anoreksiya ile mücadele etmiş Marti Noxon’a ait olan, 2017 Amerikan yapımı “Kemiklerine Kadar” (To the Bone) filmi, baş karakter Ellen’ın anoreksiya hastalığı ile mücadelesini konu almaktadır. Ellen 20 yaşında, üniversiteyi terk etmiş, resim çizme konusunda yetenekli bir genç kızdır. Yemek yemeyi reddederek ve aşırı egzersiz yaparak istediği zayıflığa ulaşmak istemektedir. Filmde Ellen’ın daha önce başarısız olmuş dört tedavi girişiminden sonra, anoreksiya ile mücadelesinde son bir tedavi yöntemini denerken, ailesi ve tedavi merkezi “Eşik”te bulunan diğer yeme bozukluğu sorunu yaşayan kişilerle olan ilişkileri işlenmektedir. Ellen ihtiyaçları ve istekleri görülmeyen, annenin zihninde var olamamış bir bebeklik dönemi geçirmiş, bu nedenle de gerçek anlamda güven veren bir anne bebek birlikteliği yaşanamamış, anne ile, meme ile, besin ile güvenli bağlanma gelişememiştir. Bu çalışmada filmin baş karakterinin (Ellen) annesi ve çevresinde yer alan karakterlerle kurduğu ilişkiler psikanalitik çerçevede ele alınmış; anoreksiya nervoza etiyolojisi ve ruhsal dinamiklerinin nesne ilişkileri ekolü kapsamında değerlendirilmesi hedeflenmiştir.
THE LAST STRUGGLE OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE IN NORTH AFRICA: THE TURKISH-ITALIAN WAR OF 1911-1912 AND THE ROLE OF MUSTAFA KEMAL
Authors: Bakirova Bastı
Published: December 2024

The Ottoman Empire participated in almost uninterrupted wars in Europe, the Russian front and the Middle East from the 1877 Turkish-Russian War until 1922. Italy, which started its occupation struggle towards the end of the 19th century, was late compared to many European states in this regard. When Britain began to occupy Egypt and France to occupy Algeria and Tunisia, the Italians aimed to occupy Tripoli, the last Ottoman territory in North Africa.
This study examines how the combatants handled the military and diplomatic deadlocks that turned into the Libyan War, which resulted in the First Balkan War in 1912, when the Ottoman Empire was forced to make peace with Italy in order to avoid facing a more dangerous enemy. The Italo-Turkish War was the first armed conflict between the smaller Great Powers and led to an inexorable deterioration of the situation in the Balkans and Sarajevo. The heroism of the Ottoman Empire, whose power in the region was limited, was at a high level against the enemy, which was much superior to it in terms of both strength and weapons.
Although the resistance of soldiers and mujahideen against the Italians since the beginning of the war was successful, it was not enough to completely remove the Italians from Tripoli. Captain Mustafa Kemal, together with a few of his friends who went to Tripoli voluntarily in 1911, first reached Egypt and then with difficulty reached Tobruk and Derne, and despite all the adverse conditions, they fulfilled the duties assigned to them in the best possible way.
NEOLIBERALISM, DEMOCRACY, AND RIGHTS: TOWARDS A CRITIQUE OF NEOLIBERAL REASON: BİR KİTAP İNCELEMESİ
Authors: Kiraz Ersel
Published: December 2024

Fotini Vaki’nin Neoliberalism, Democracy, and Rights: Towards a Critique of Neoliberal Reason adlı eseri, neoliberalizmin insan hakları, demokrasi ve toplumsal yapı üzerindeki etkilerini eleştirel bir yaklaşımla inceliyor. Yazar, Hannah Arendt, Michel Foucault ve Immanuel Kant gibi düşünürlerin kavramlarını temel alarak, neoliberalizmin bireyleri ekonomik "girişimci" kimliklere indirgediği ve toplumsal dayanışmayı yok ettiğini savunuyor. Kitap, neoliberal politikaların sadece ekonomik eşitsizlikler yaratmakla kalmadığını, aynı zamanda hakların ve demokrasinin erozyonuna neden olduğunu vurguluyor. İncelenen bu eser, Neoliberalizmin toplumlar üzerindeki etkilerini anlamak isteyen okuyucular için derinlemesine bir analiz sunarken, aynı zamanda bu düzenin eleştirilmesi ve alternatiflerin düşünülmesi için bir çağrı niteliği taşıyor.
PEC - Projeto Educativo Comum
Authors: Morales Andréa Cantarelli , Soares Elisiane da Silva , Pedroni Pedro , Pinto Arthur Jociel Piekatoski , Serafini Luiza Argenta , Kurtz Marina Ghisleni
Published: December 2024

Este trabalho apresenta um projeto interdisciplinar, denominado PEC - Projeto Educativo Comum, que busca incentivar os estudantes à inovação, tecnologia e empreendedorismo. O projeto ocorre com estudantes do nono ano do Ensino Fundamental e é construído em diferentes etapas como: construção do logo, desenvolvimento das atividades empreendedoras, estudo da viabilidade, escrita do diário de bordo, construção do protótipo, confecção do banner e apresentação do projeto. Cada ano é proposto um tema diferente no projeto e neste artigo apresentamos os projetos destaques dos anos de 2022, 2023 e 2024. Em 2022, com o tema voltado para idosos e deficientes o projeto que se destacou foi “Dispenser de Medicamento Automático”. Em 2023 o trabalho “Sustainable Gym” foi destacado como inovador com o tema sustentabilidade. E, em 2024, o melhor projeto avaliado foi “Sistema de Monitoramento da Capacidade de Lixo para Escoadouros”.
Identificación de oportunidades de proyectos de almacenamiento por bombeo en Latinoamérica y estudio conceptual del proyecto piloto Pisagua
Authors: Schmidt Roland , Romero Eliana , Iparraguirre Diego , Burger Flavia
Published: January 2025

El crecimiento de las Energías Renovables No Convencionales (ERNC) ha aumentado la necesidad de tecnologías para almacenar el exceso de energía y utilizarla cuando sea necesario. Los sistemas de almacenamiento por bombeo hidráulico ofrecen una solución clave, ya que permiten almacenar y liberar energía de manera eficiente según la demanda. Con ventajas como alta flexibilidad, bajo costo a largo plazo, fiabilidad y sostenibilidad, estos sistemas representan una opción adecuada para América Latina y el Caribe. Además, la modernización de las plantas hidroeléctricas existentes en la región podría optimizar su eficiencia y capacidad de almacenamiento, facilitando la integración de las ERNC.

Este estudio se divide en dos etapas. La primera identifica posibles proyectos de almacenamiento por bombeo en 11 países de Latinoamérica a través de un análisis de escritorio que utiliza información georreferenciada, excluyendo áreas restringidas y aplicando condiciones específicas de búsqueda, lo que permitió identificar 179 proyectos potenciales. En la segunda etapa, se seleccionó un país, a través de un análisis multicriterio, y se desarrolla un proyecto piloto conceptual en Pisagua, Chile, con una capacidad de 640 MW y 12 horas de almacenamiento. Este proyecto, con una inversión estimada de 570 MUSD, muestra un costo marginal de 32 USD/MWh y una tasa interna de retorno (TIR) de 12.8%, lo que lo convierte en un proyecto de inversión atractivo.

Además, se propone complementar el almacenamiento por bombeo con una planta solar fotovoltaica de 1,200 MW, mejorando la viabilidad económica y reduciendo el riesgo asociado a la variabilidad del mercado. Esta publicación muestra el potencial de almacenamiento por bombeo en la región. El proyecto Pisagua es un modelo replicable para otras regiones de Chile y Latinoamérica, aunque su éxito dependerá de un marco regulatorio favorable y del desarrollo de infraestructura eléctrica para su integración en sistemas interconectados.
Connexa: No. 23: Diciembre, 2024: síntesis de información y datos sobre integración y comercio
Authors: Michalczewsky Kathia , Sternberg Sofía , Svarzman Gustavo , De Angelis Jesica
Published: January 2025

En esta edición de Connexa se analiza el comportamiento del comercio de bienes y servicios de América Latina y el Caribe (ALC) a lo largo de 2024, la evolución de los precios internacionales de los productos que exporta la región y la dinámica de la demanda internacional. Asimismo, se examinan los flujos de inversión extranjera directa y las exenciones tributarias al sector productivo en diferentes países de la región. Se revisan, además, las perspectivas del comercio entre el Mercosur-Unión Europea (UE) a la luz del recientemente aprobado acuerdo birregional y se comparten indicadores relevantes para ALC en materia de productividad agrícola y heterogeneidad regulatoria, entre otros. Por último, se monitorean los principales avances en las agendas negociadoras de la región, y se muestra el apoyo de los ciudadanos de ALC en relación con la integración regional.
Evolução para crianças: Estratégias alternativas de ensino-aprendizagem
Authors: Aguilar-Aleixo Luciana , Mafra Louzada Beatriz , Prado Santos Joanderson , Alves Mascarenhas de Almeida Lorenzo
Published: December 2024

Ainda hoje a educação está pautada principalmente em metodologias tradicionais, que consideram o professor como detentor das informações, sem pautar o conhecimento prévio dos alunos. Com isso, os estudantes podem perder o interesse pelas disciplinas ao longo do tempo, pois além de seus saberes não serem valorizados, o ambiente escolar muitas vezes é desmotivador. Existem diversos métodos e recursos que podem tornar uma sala de aula mais envolvente. Quando bem utilizadas, as metodologias alternativas de ensino-aprendizagem podem aumentar o interesse das crianças em aprender o conteúdo e, assim, construir conhecimento. Tendo como objetivo apresentar um tema novo de forma instigante e prazerosa a alunos do ensino fundamental, o evento “Evolução Para Crianças: Alguém viu um dinossauro?” apresentou alguns fundamentos da evolução biológica de maneira lúdica, por meio de diversas estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem, para que os alunos se divirtam aprendendo, estimulando assim, uma experiência de aprendizagem significativa.
Divulgação Científica pela Obra “O Gene Egoísta” de Richard Dawkins
Authors: Santos Erielson , Souza Maria Isabel , Lopes Sérgio
Published: December 2024

O progresso da ciência é impulsionado por sua transmissão e potencializada a partir da divulgação científica digital. Aliado a isso, os livros sobre ciência promovem conhecimentos e conceitos científicos. Nessa perspectiva, o presente trabalho buscou contribuir para a divulgação científica por meio da obra O Gene Egoísta, de Richard Dawkins, ao executar um curso online de formação sobre o livro, e produzir uma playlist de vídeos-resumo do livro para o YouTube. O grupo para o curso contou com 12 inscritos, os quais responderam um questionário de informações gerais e de conhecimentos básicos sobre evolução, garantindo-se o anonimato. Foram realizados encontros quinzenais online para a discussão de cada capítulo. Os vídeos-resumo, seguiram um formato de animação narrada, em um processo fixo de produção. No geral, os participantes do curso forneceram respostas diversas ao questionário de conhecimentos básicos, fazendo poucas menções às ideias de Dawkins, aproximando-se mais à abordagem da seleção de grupo. A playlist de vídeos totalizou 2.640 visualizações em 11 vídeos, cuja aprovação média foi de 99,7%. O presente trabalho, proporcionou possibilidades inovadores para a divulgação científica, esperando-se alcançar um público cada vez mais interessado por ciência.
Green philanthropy: Islamic activism on Indonesia’s environmental democracy
Authors: Humaidi M. Wildan , Hariyanto Hariyanto , Azizah Mabarroh
Published: December 2024

Through the mechanisms of zakat, alms, and waqf, Islam is constructed as a philanthropic religion. The practice of philanthropy has been institutionalised as a religious social institution through the institution of amil zakat, infaq, and sedekah (LAZIS). Over time, the distribution patterns of Islamic philanthropic institutions have evolved, shifting from a focus on economic empowerment and religious da’wah to an emphasis on sustainable development and environmental issues, a concept referred to as “Green Philanthropy”. This research employs empirical methods using qualitative approaches. The data is derived from the practices of various philanthropic organisations in Banyumas Indonesia, such as Dompet Dhuafa, LAZIS Muhammadiyah (LAZISMU), and LAZIS Nahdlatul Ulama (LAZISNU), serving as primary data, alongside various relevant literature as secondary data. This research aims to explore the practices and dynamics of philanthropic distribution that contribute to environmental conservation programs. Employing a phenomenological framework, this study explores the dynamics and practices of Islamic philanthropic institutions in implementing various environmental conservation programs and achieving benefits oriented towards sustainable development. This practice evolved into a significant activism movement advocating for environmental sustainability driven by various Islamic philanthropic organisations. Consequently, this movement reflects efforts to enhance environmental democracy in Indonesia through the engagement of diverser societal elements in environmental conservation and sustainable development programs. As an academic contribution, this research reveals the role and involvement of Islamic philanthropic institutions in efforts to preserve the environment and achieve sustainable development. The practice of philanthropy is a dynamic phenomenon within Islamic law and Muslim activism in response to global challenges.
Wājibah will for non-Muslim heirs in Indonesia: a legal political perspective based on justice and welfare
Authors: Arief Budiman  , Muhammad Saifullah  , Bahrul Ulum
Published: December 2024

This research examines the application of Islamic law, social situations, and the state’s orientation in formulating policies regarding ‘wasiat wājibah’ or wājibah will (mandatory will) for non-muslim heirs. The research was conducted in Palangkaraya and Bali, Indonesia. These locations were chosen because both areas have unique characteristics that combine religious heterogeneity and high tolerance. Wājibah will is a mandated will, given when an heir is unable to inherit for certain reasons. This study uses a qualitative descriptive analysis method. The primary data for this research includes interviews and court rulings. The issues discussed in this article are analyzed using a legal-political perspective. The findings indicate that the establishment of the wājibah will is not only based on legal-normative reasons but also on social and political factors. The establishment of the wājibah will, which guarantees equality before the law in interfaith families, is expected to have a positive impact on social and political order, creating a just, tolerant, and humane society. However, there remain gaps in the legal substance of the wājibah will for non-muslim heirs, as it has not been explicitly regulated in existing legislation. Therefore, there is a need to develop policies in the form of regulations that specifically address wājibah wills for non-muslim heirs. The establishment of the wājibah will for non-muslims is a form of legal reform in inheritance law in Indonesia. Methodologically, legal reform is conducted through an extensive interpretation approach, which is an activity that broadens the scope of an interpretation based on the analogy of reason between old and new issues. Additionally, the reform also considers living law as a reference to reconcile the demands of justice in society with legal certainty.
False descendants of the Pontianak Sultan: the practice and legal implications of genealogical fraud
Authors: Bakar Abu , Nur Rahmiani  , Noviansyah Noviansyah , Zaenuddin Hudi Prasojo  , Wan Ariffin Wan Yon
Published: December 2024

This study examines the practice of impersonating descendants of the Pontianak Sultan and its societal implications. Reports suggest that such practices are widespread and increasingly common. Using a qualitative narrative approach, this research provides a comprehensive analysis of lineage falsification. Data were collected through interviews, group discussions, and document reviews, and analysed within the framework of fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence). This study reveals that lineage falsification involves fabricating names or associating unrelated family lineages with the Pontianak Sultan. This fraudulent practice is driven by the growing authority and influence of the Sultanate, with individuals seeking to gain social or economic advantages. Fabricating lineage is not merely a social phenomenon but also carries significant legal consequences. Fraudulent claims are frequently used to unlawfully manipulate land ownership within the former Sultanate’s territories and, in some cases, involve issues related to Islamic family law. This study underscores the prevalence of lineage falsification as a pervasive societal issue and highlights the urgent need for further research on royal lineage disputes, given the complexities of verifying authenticity. Addressing this issue is essential, as the proliferation of fake lineages undermines cultural heritage, legal systems, and societal trust.
Compromise of Islam and customary practices in the religious practices of the muslim community in Papua: a study of maqāṣid syarī’ah
Authors: Hasse Jubba  , Sudirman Sudirman , Suparto Iribaram  , Wan Khairul Aiman bin Wan Mokhtar  , Rusdi Rasyid
Published: December 2024

Compromising Islam and customary practices (adat) in religious life practices is a manifestation of Islamic law in maintaining harmonious relationships among religious communities, particularly Muslims and Christians. This article not only aims to uncover various religious practices that compromise Islam and adat, but also presents an in-depth analysis of the impact of such compromises on inter-religious relations among the Kokoda community. The data analysis for this article was obtained through observation, interviews, and literature and document studies. The article demonstrates that religious practices among Kokoda Muslims are deeply infused with adat nuances, making compromise with Islam a middle ground. There are three practices that are openly carried out. First, in social relations practices, both Muslims and Christians perceive that their current religion is the one inherited from their family. This concept is an implementation of Islamic legal principles regarding the urgency of preserving genealogy and family traditions in the context of faith. Second, the celebration of major religious days is considered a shared possession even though they adhere to different religions. This aligns with Islamic law which emphasizes the importance of harmonious and respectful life among religious communities. Third, the marriage practice that compromises Islam and adat is an effort to fulfill the guidelines of Islamic law, while also preserving Kokoda adat. This reflects harmonization between religious obligations and respect for adat law. This study focuses on discussing the forms and impacts of religious practices that compromise Islamic law and customary practices (adat) within one community group, namely Kokoda. This research contributes to global studies on religious diversity, pluralism, and cultural conflict resolution, as well as adds to the literature on religious adaptation in culturally complex societies.
Zakat initiatives for supporting victims of violence against women and children in Indonesia
Authors: Yulianti Muthmainnah  , Zakiyuddin Baidhawy  , Yusron Razak  , Ilham Mundzir
Published: December 2024

The concept of utilising zakat to support victims of violence against women and children, introduced in 2020, is a groundbreaking new initiative in Indonesia and beyond. This idea has gained traction through the efforts of the Centre for Islamic Studies, Women, and Development (PSIPP) at the Ahmad Dahlan Institute of Technology and Business (ITB-AD) Jakarta. As the pioneer of this initiative, PSIPP has implemented programmes, advocacy campaigns, and collaborations with diverse stakeholders. This study investigates PSIPP’s role as the only gender-focused research centre within Muhammadiyah-‘Aisyiyah institutions in Indonesia, highlighting its efforts in addressing sexual violence and promoting zakat for victims. Using qualitative methods, including literature reviews, interviews, documentation, and focus group discussions, the study applies a multidisciplinary framework comprising autoethnography, socio-legal systems, and maqāṣid al-sharīʿah. The findings reveal PSIPP’s success in fostering partnerships and advancing universal humanitarian values through people-to-people diplomacy, advocacy campaigns, zakat fundraising, and policy development. These efforts have resulted in the issuance of local and national policies facilitating zakat distribution to victims. However, challenges persist, particularly a lack of support from community and religious organisations due to the absence of a formal fatwa endorsing zakat for this purpose. This research contributes to the theoretical discourse of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah by reinterpreting zakat recipient categories and offers practical recommendations for policymakers, zakat institutions, and administrators to include victims of sexual violence as eligible recipients, addressing this critical societal need.
Megjegyzések a hvárezmiek neveihez a középkori Eurázsiában
Authors: Senga Toru
Published: January 2025

Hvárezm és a hvárezmiek jelölésére szolgáló nevek között volt valaha egy *χwālis névforma, amely egy bizonyos iráni nyelvet beszélők körében volt használatban, és legkésőbb a 6. század közepétől mutatható ki. A török ajkúak – többek között a kazárok és a besenyők – ezt a szóalakot a mássalhangzó-torlódás feloldásával *qālïs alakban adaptálták, emellett egy *quwālïs variáns is keletkezhetett. A 9. században a magyarul beszélők, akik Kazária szomszédságában éltek, átvették a *qālïs szót, mégpedig a káli̮s/kȧli̮s (˃ káliz) hangalakban, amely egy 1111. évi oklevélben a caliz betűképpel van rögzítve. A kazárokkal, illetve a besenyőkkel kapcsolatban az arab írók által említett ḫaliṣ, illetve a ḫuwāliṣ, valamint a bizánci forrásokban előforduló Χαλίσ(ιοι), illetve Χουάληϛ a tör. qālïs-nak, illetve *quwālïs-nak felel meg. A keleti szláv nyelv a *χwālis névformát vette át, amiből a Хвалис alak keletkezett. Az elnevezés nem magát Hvarezmet, hanem elsősorban a Kaszpi-tenger északi partjain letelepedett hvarezmieket jelölte. A hvarezmiek tevékenységei – főként a távolsági kereskedelem területén – nem korlátozódtak Kelet-Közép-Európára, hanem egészen Kínáig terjedtek. A 8. század közepén nevük kínai jelölései iráni (feltehetően szogd) formákat tükröznek, de létezik a Guoli 過利 (˂ *qālïs) török alak is.
Böl ve Yönet Stratejisi Bağlamında Sir Seyyid Ahmed Han’ın Milliyetçilik Tasavvuru
Authors: Kalkan Salih
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışma, çağdaş İslami akımlardan olan Aligarh hareketinin ve Hintli Müslümanlar arasında modernist dini düşüncenin ilk temsilcisi Seyyid Ahmed Han’ın (öl. 1898) siyasi temayüllerini konu edinir. O, sömürge dönemi Hindistan’ında Müslümanlar arasında politik kimliği ile ön plana çıkan bir isimdir. Bu hususa ilişkin gelişen literatürde Seyyid Ahmed Han’ın genellikle, vatansever veya milliyetçi bir kimse olarak tavsif edilmesi dikkat çeker. Fakat onun, gerek ülkesini işgal eden İngilizlerle giderek bütünleşen siyasi çizgisi, gerekse çağdaşı olduğu Hintli Müslümanlar arasında toplumsal aidiyet bağlamında müteammim anlayışa muhalif bir çizgide hareket etmiş olması, onun siyasi anlayışındaki milliyetçi tasavvuru tartışmaya açmaktadır. Bu husustaki tartışmaların odağında hilafet, ümmet gibi dini zemini bulunan kavramlar yer alırken bu noktada siyasi temayüllerinin dini konulardaki görüşleri üzerindeki belirleyiciliğinden bahsedilebilir. Ayrıca onun, Hintli Müslümanları konsolide etmeye çalıştığı politik çizgisinin, tedricen sınırları daralan bir milliyetçilik tasavvuruna dönüştüğü görülür. Aynı süreçte İngilizlerin ise Alt Kıta’da takip ettikleri politikalar, “Böl ve Yönet” (Divide et Impera) stratejisi ile irtibatlandırılmaktadır. Bu bağlamda elinizdeki bu araştırma, Seyyid Ahmed Han ile özdeşleşen milliyetçilik tasavvurunun ve bu tasavvura ilişkin Hintli Müslümanları konsolide etmeye çalıştığı siyasi pozisyonun niteliğini, İngilizlerin Hindistan’da uygulamaya aldıkları Böl ve Yönet stratejisi ile irtibatlı bir şekilde, fikir hadise irtibatı metodolojisi çerçevesinde tartışmaya çalışmaktadır.
Nizârî İsmâilîlerine Ait Duʻâ Risale’si ve Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Yağır Ahmetoğlu Gülşen
Published: December 2024

Nizârî İsmâilîliğinde namaz, günde üç kez (güneşin doğuşu, gün batımı, gece) okunan Du‵â’dır. Bu Du‵â’yı, yalnızca İsmâilî olanlar, Cemaathâne adını verdikleri ibadet yerlerinde okuyabilirler. Diğer Müslümanların kıldığı namaz şekli onlara göre zâhirîdir. İsmâilîlikte, İslâm’ın şartlarının zâhirî biçimlerinin yanı sıra bâtınî boyutları da içerdiği anlaşılmaktadır. Bedeni temizlemeye yönelik abdest de aynı şekilde zâhirî olup, hakikat ise manevî ve ruhî temizliği sağlamaktır. Orijinali Urduca ve Arapça yazılmış olan ve altı bölümden oluşan Du‵â Risâlesi’nde her bölüm Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’den birkaç âyet, tesbih, dua ve secdeyi içermektedir. Risâle, Ali b. Ebû Talib ismi ile başlar ve bugün hayatta olan zamanın imâmı Şah Kerim el-Hüseynî ile biter. Bizi Du‵â risalesi’nin tercüme ve değerlendirmesini yapmaya iten etken, Pakistan’ın Gilgit-Baltistan bölgesinin kuzeyi olan Hunza’nın ağırlıklı o
larak Ağa Han İsmâilî olmasıdır. Bölgede kaldığımız süre zarfında ezan sesinin duyulmayışı ile başlayan merakımız onların namaza yaklaşımlarını ve namaz anlayışları konusunda bilgi edinmeye sevk etti. Bu anlamda Nizârîlerin namaz yerine okudukları Du‵â risalesi’nin ele alınıp değerlendirilmesi günümüz Nizari İsmaililiğinin Türkiye akademyasında daha sağlıklı bir şekilde anlaşılmasına katkı sağlayacaktır.
Mirza Gulâm Ahmed’in Risalet İddiasına Dönüşen Mehdîlik Anlayışı
Authors: Hergüner Esra , Şık İsmail
Published: December 2024

Beklenen kurtarıcı inancına neredeyse her toplumda rastlanılmaktadır. İlahi dinler açısından ahir zamanda gelmesi beklenen kurtarıcı, dünyada adaleti ve düzeni sağlamasının yanı sıra toplumun ıslahını gerçekleştirecektir. Kurtarıcı beklentisi İslam düşüncesinde de karşımıza çıkar. İslam düşüncesinde yaygın olan görüşlerin kahir ekseriyetine göre tek bir kurtarıcı beklentisinden değil Hz. Îsâ ve Mehdî olmak üzere iki kurtarıcı beklentisinden bahsetmemiz mümkündür. Bu iki kurtarıcı ahir zamanda kıyametin alameti olarak gelecek, dünyadaki kaosu yok edip İslam dininin yükselmesini sağlayacaklardır. Bu beklenti aynı zamanda birçok Mehdîlik iddiasının ortaya çıkmasına yol açmıştır. Mehdîlik iddiasında bulunan isimlerden biri de XIX. yy’da İngiliz müstemlekesi olan Hindistan’da yaşayan Mirza Gulâm Ahmed (ö. 1908) ’tir. İlk olarak müceddidlik sonrasında Mehdîlik/Mesihlik iddiasında bulunan Mirza Gulâm Ahmed, nübüvvetle şereflendirildiğini de ileri sürmüştür. Zira ona göre nübüvvet kurumu devam etmektedir. Çalışmamızda Mirza Gulâm Ahmed’in hayatı hakkında bilgi verilmekte, onun mehdîlik iddiasında bulunması ve mehdîliğini meşrulaştırmak için öne sürdüğü fikirleri, peygamberlik söylemi ve dayanakları kronolojik olarak incelenmektedir. Mehdîlik iddiasını daha da ileri götürerek vahiy aldığını da dile getiren Mirza Gulâm Ahmed’in nübüvvet söylemi ve nebîlik iddiasını bürûz, peygamberin zıllî/gölgesi gibi farklı kavramlarla açıklaması İslam düşüncesindeki nübüvvet anlayışı doğrultusunda eleştirilmiştir. Çalışmamızda araştırma ve etik yayın ilkelerine uyulmuş, literatür taraması, karşılaştırma ve yorumlama yöntemleri kullanılmıştır.
Hamza b. Edrek’in Hârûn er-Reşîd’e Yazdığı Mektupta Hâricî Temalar
Authors: Ateşyürek Ahmet
Published: December 2024

Hamza b. Edrek, bugünkü Afganistan'ın Sicistân bölgesinde yaşamış, Horasan Hâricîliği bakımından önemli bir figürdür. Sicistân’ın merkeze uzak olması sebebiyle hakkında sınırlı bilgi bulunmaktadır. Ancak Târîhu Sicistân isimli eser, Hamza’nın hayatına ve faaliyetlerine dair önemli bilgiler sunar. Bu esere göre Hamza, Çin sınırına kadar gazalar yapmış ve Sicistân’ın büyük emirlerinden biri olmuştur. Ayrıca, Hârûn er-Reşîd ile Hamza arasındaki mektuplaşma da burada kaydedilmiştir. Hârûn er-Reşîd, mektubunda hilafetin Allah'ın kitabına ve peygamberin sünnetine dayanarak meşru olduğunu savunmaktadır. Ancak Hamza, bu otoriteyi açıkça reddederek, halifeyi adaletten sapmış ve dünyaya meyleden yöneticilerle bir tutmaktadır. Hamza, vahyin tamamlandığını ve artık tüm Müslümanların eşit statüde kullar olduğunu belirtmektedir. Bu anlayış doğrultusunda Halifenin çağrısını kabul etmemektedir. Hamza’nın sert itikâdî muhalefeti, Hâricî ideolojisine uygun olarak, sultana isyan etmenin dini bir zorunluluk olduğu görüşünü desteklemektedir. Hamza’nın mektubu Hâricî tarih tasavvurunun anlaşılmasına katkı sağlayacak bilgiler de içermektedir.