bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The use of L-asparaginase for the treatment of solid tumors: data from experimental studies and clinical trials
Authors: Kislyak Il’ya A. , Pokrovskaya Marina V. , Zhanturina Darya Yu. , Pokrovsky Vadim S.
Published: December 2023

Drug therapy is one of the main strategies of cancer treatment. L-asparaginase, the enzyme that hydrolyzes asparagine, has been included in the treatment regimens for acute lymphoblastic leukemia and other hematological malignancies since more than 50 years ago, but its use for the treatment of solid tumors is still extremely limited. This review analyzes experimental data on the sensitivity of cell lines and xenografts of solid tumors to L-asparaginase, examines the results of clinical trials. Among the mechanisms of the cytotoxic effect of L-asparaginase on tumor cells, such processes as depletion of aspartic and glutamic acids, influence on the internal and external pathways of apoptosis, inhibition of cellular processes through a decrease in the activity of the mTOR protein, and weakening of the expression of the telomerase gene are discussed. Separately, molecular markers are considered, which can be used to suggest the effectiveness of future therapy with L-asparaginase in solid tumors. These markers include expression levels of asparagine synthetase and glutamine synthetase genes, degree of methylation of the ASNS gene promoter region, PTEN protein activity and autophagy, bone marrow environment of tumor cells, as well as expression of genes associated with asparaginase resistance (such as the μ1 opioid receptor gene and the huntingtin-associated protein 1 gene).
Alternatif Pembelajaran Aktif di Era Pandemi melalui Metode Pembelajaran Game Based Learning
Authors: Kusuma Muhammad Ari , Kusumajanto Djoko Dwi , Handayani Rima , Febrianto Indra
Published: December 2023

Abstrak: Artikel ini mempunyai tujuan untuk melihat bagaimana pemanfaatan teknologi digital melalui metode pembelajaran berbasis game secara efektif di era pandemi COVID-19 dengan menggunakan pembelajaran yang menarik agar siswa yang melakukan pembelajaran tetap aktif. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian literatur review dengan menggunakan studi Pustaka yang memanfaatkan literatur sebagai objek primer dalam penelitian. Dengan memanfaatkan teknologi dalam pembelajaran dengan menggunakan metode pembelajaran Game Based Learning dapat memberikan pembelajaran yang lebih aktif, menarik, efektif dan efisien selama pandemi COVID-19.Abstract: This article aims to see how the use of digital technology through game-based learning methods is effective in the COVID-19 pandemic era by using interesting learning so that students who are learning remain active. This type of research is literature review research using literature study that utilizes literature as the primary object in research. By utilizing technology in learning using game-based learning methods, it can provide more active, interesting, effective and efficient learning during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Peningkatan Kompetensi Mahasiswa Calon Guru Matematika dalam Mengembangkan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Mobile Learning
Authors: Sobiruddin Dindin , Kustiawati Dedek , Dwirahayu Gelar , Satriawati Gusni , Atiqoh Khamida Siti Nur
Published: December 2023

Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini meningkatkan kemampuan pedagogis mahasiswa prodi pendidikan matematika dengan cara memberikan pendampingan kepada mahasiswa calon guru dalam pengembangan media dalam pembelajaran matematika. Metode penelitiannya yaitu penelitian tindakan dengan meliputi empat tahap yaitu analisis pra penelitian, refleksi, persiapan dan pelaksanaan tindakan, serta evaluasi. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar validasi kelayakan media oleh ahli media, ahli materi dan praktisi pendidikan. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada tahun 2019/2020 dengan sampel penelitian mahasiswa prodi pendidikan matematika sebanyak 15 orang yang memiliki keahlian dalam mengoperasikan komputer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: kegiatan pendampingan sangat efektif dalam meningkatkan kompetensi pedagogis yang terintegrasi dengan teknologi khususnya penggunaan mobile learning. Berdasarkan pada penilaian dua kelompok ahli (media, materi) dan praktisi pendidikan maka dalam penelitian ini dihasilkan sembilan media pembelajaran matematika berbasis mobile learning dengan kategori “LAYAK” sesuai dengan tingkat kelayakan media pembelajaran. Implikasi dari penelitian ini yaitu perlu dilakukan pendampingan yang lebih luas yaitu bagi guru.Abstract: The purpose of this study is to enhance of mathematics undergraduate students’ pedagogic competency by providing assistance in the development of learning media in mathematics. The research method is action research which includes four stages: pre-research analysis, reflection, preparation and implementation of actions, and evaluation. The instrument is questionnaire of validation by media experts (content / material) and practitioner in education. The research was conducted in 2019/2020 with 15 students of mathematics education study program who have computer skills. The results shows that an assistance for undergraduate students is effective to improving their competences specially in pedagogy integrated to technology mobile learning. Based on expert judgments the nine learning media based smartphone in mathematics was produced in this study showed the "feasible" category. The implication of this research is needed to assistance widely, such as for teachers.
Implementation of Communication Information Technology in Distance Learning At Islamic Elementary School Insan Rabbani Tembilahan
Authors: Azima Nur , Napratilora Martina , Mardiah Mardiah , Liana Dina , Lisa Hendro
Published: December 2023

AbstrakPenelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pendidik mengimplementasi teknologi imformasi  komunikasi dalam pengajaran jarak jauh dan factor apa saja yang mempengaruhinya di Sekolah Dasar Islam Terpadu Insan Rabbani Tembilahan.penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Responden penelitian berjumlah 3 orang guru di Sekolah Dasar Islam Terpadu Insan Rabbani Tembilahan. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik perposive. Data ini diperoleh melalui observasi, interview, serta dokumentasi.. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa implementasi teknologi imformasi dan komunikasi oleh guru dalam pembelajran jarak jauh  di Sekolah Dasar Islam Terpadu Insan Rabbani Tembilahan dikategirikan baik dengan persentase enam puluh persen  dan terletak di interval enam puluh satu persen sampa dengan delapan puluh persen. Factor yang mempengaruhinya ada factor ekternal (lingkungan, dan masyarakat), factor internal (guru, siswa, dan teknologi).Abstract This research was conducted to find out how educators implement communication information technology in distance teaching and what factors influence it at the Insan Rabbani Tembilahan Integrated Islamic Elementary School. This research s a qualitative study. There were 3 teachers in the Integrated Islamic Elementary School Insan Rabbani Tembilahan as respondents. The sampling technique uses a purposive technique. This data was obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that the implementation of information and communication technology by teachers in distance learning at the Integrated Islamic Elementary School Insan Rabbani Tembilahan is categorized as good with a percentage of sixty percent and located in intervals of sixty-one percent to eighty percent. Factors that influence it are external factors (environment and society), and internal factors (teachers, students, and technology).
Evaluating Students’ English Writing Project through Pear Deck
Authors: Sihombing Lambok Hermanto
Published: December 2023

AbstrakMenulis merupakan salah satu keterampilan belajar bahasa yang paling penting, terutama menulis dalam bahasa Inggris. Hasil tulisan siswa atau mahasiswa dapat dinilai secara manual atau elektronik. Pear Deck merupakan platform pembelajaran digital yang memungkinkan siswa atau mahasiswa belajar secara digital dan membantu pengajar dapat dengan mudah mengevaluasi tulisan peserta didiknya. Namun, penelitian tentang kegunaan Pear Deck belum menemukan hasil yang menyimpul sehingga dalam penelitian ini, penulis bermaksud  untuk menganalisis bagaimana Pear Deck dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pendekatan pembelajaran yang efektif untuk menilai tulisan siswa. Penulis menggunakan metodologi kualitatif dan objek kajian ini diambil dari tulisan 15 mahasiswa President University, Indonesia jurusan Komunikasi. Sebagai pendukung lainnya, data dikumpulkan dari situs resmi Pear Deck, publikasi jurnal, dan prosiding konferensi. Penulis menerapkan teori Penilaian Bahasa: Prinsip dan Praktik Kelas dari H. Douglas Brown dan konsep Discourse Analysis dalam konteks pendidikan. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa Pear Deck adalah salah satu pilihan yang efektif untuk menilai kemampuan menulis mahasiswa khususnya dalam konteks penulisan cerita berbahasa Inggris. Selain itu, Pear Deck juga memiliki tampilan visual yang menarik yang membuat mahasiswa memiliki rasa ingin tahu yang besar tentang jenis aktivitas selanjutnya. Aplikasi ini juga memberikan fitur interaktif yang dapat membuat mahasiswa berinteraksi dengan cara memberikan saran kepada teman-teman mereka terhadap hasil tulisan yang mereka buat. Abstract Writing is a fundamental language-learning skill, particularly in English. The writing of students could be assessed manually or electronically. Pear Deck is an interactive tool that helps students do their writing assignments digitally. It also helps teachers create an interesting writing class. In this study, the author aims to determine how Pear Deck could be utilized as an effective learning approach for assessing student writing. The author utilized a qualitative methodology and the instrument of this study was taken from 15 students’ writing at President University, Indonesia majoring in Communication. As another support, the dataset was collected from the official Pear Deck website, journal publications, and conference proceedings. The author applied the Language Assessment: Principles and Classroom Practices theory from H. Douglas Brown and the concept of Discourse Analysis in educational settings. This study revealed that Pear Deck is an effective option for assessing students' writing, particularly composing a paragraph in the English language. Asides from it, Pear Deck also has an interesting visual screen that makes the students curious to learn the following activities. This application is also equipped with an interactive feature that allows students to give written feedback to their friends.
Development of Powtoon Media on Natural Resources Material to Increase Learning Interest and Logical Thinking of Learners in Elementary School
Authors: Yuniar Vina , Nurdyansyah Nurdyansyah
Published: December 2023

This study aims to develop animated videos that can help project images of various natural resources with technological advances. In the era of society 5.0, educators must be able to use more interesting learning methods. This audio-visual media will increase students' interest in learning. In addition, it is also to find out the feasibility and effectiveness of the results of developing PowToon-based animated videos. This study uses the Research and Development (RnD) method. This research model uses ADDIE, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Data collection techniques used are questionnaires and tests in descriptive quantitative data. The media that will be used for learning is said to be valid by the three experts as evidenced by the results: (1) material experts have a validity percentage of 81 percent (2) media experts are 84 percent, (3) language experts are 75 percent. After being declared valid, the media was tested on class IV SDN Kalanganyar students. Based on the pre-test's t-test analysis, the average value is 60.0, and the post-test is 78.5. Because the value of sig. (2-tailed) or test 1 of 0.00, which means is less than or equal to 0.05, it can be concluded that Ho is rejected, and Ha is accepted. The conclusions that can be drawn from the results of this study indicate that there is a significant influence from animated video so that can increase interest in learning and logical thinking of fourth-grade students at SDN Kalanganyar.
Tax Compliance Costs for SMEs: A Survey of Tax Professionals in Ghana on External Cost of Compliance
Authors: Bruce-Twum Ernest , P. Schutte Daniel , Dlamini Banele
Published: December 2023

The study sought to ascertain the magnitude of the external tax compliance costs incurred by SMEs in Ghana from the perspective of the tax professionals who provide the service. Tax professional firms were selected from the Institute of Chartered Accountants and the Chartered Institute of Taxation for the study. The study distinguished between the average annual costs for small, medium and larger firms to compute and file returns, deal with tax authorities, implement changes in tax laws, and maintain records for tax purposes on behalf of their clients. The cost was found to be regressive in nature, indicating that the burden was relatively higher for small businesses.
Indigenous-Led Conservation Reading List
Authors: Youdelis Megan , Tran Kim , Lunstrum Elizabeth
Published: December 2023

This list compiles literature relevant to the bourgeoning Indigenous-led conservation movement, be that through Indigenous Protected and
Conserved Areas (IPCAs, Canada), Indigenous and Community Conserved Areas (ICCAs, global), or various other forms of Indigenous-led governance
or co-governance mechanisms that elevate Indigenous rights, responsibilities, and legal traditions. The introductory Colonial Conservation
section is not exhaustive, but rather provides context for the main import of the collection, which is to highlight the possibilities, successes,
and challenges associated with decolonizing conservation through Indigenous-led governance. The list is global in scope but has been shaped
by the Indigenous Circle of Experts’ (2018) report, We Rise Together, which provides recommendations for facilitating IPCAs in Canada. The
majority of the pieces are peer-reviewed, however some print media has also been included.
The Development of a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) in Nursing Care for Patients with Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Kritpracha Charuwan , Kaosaiyaporn Ophat , Chinnawong Tippamas , Tassaneesuwan Samonnan , Sakundee Sunanta , Heng Kanchana Sae , Raungkhajon Ponpis , Lanwong Tanika
Published: December 2023

The purposes of this study were to 1) develop the Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) in nursing care for patients with myocardial infarction, 2) examine the learning achievement after learning with the MOOC, and 3) To examine satisfaction towards the MOOC in nursing care for patients with myocardial infarction. The sample consisted of 453 learners who enrolled in nursing care for patients with myocardial infarction through the PSUMOOC system. The MOOC was developed considering components to facilitate learning, including video, learning activities, and self-tests. The instruments used in this study were 1) Achievement Test and 2) Satisfaction Towards MOOC Questionnaire developed by the researchers. The validity and reliability of the instrument were assessed. The differences in learners’ scores before and after studying the MOOC, and satisfaction towards the MOOC were examined. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired t-tests. The findings revealed that there was a statistically significantly higher mean score of the learners’ scores at the posttest than at the pretest (p < 0.01), indicating higher learning achievement. The learners were very satisfied towards the MOOC in the dimensions of up-to-date content, learning activities, quality of pictures and graphics, and colors used in media of the course.
Electrophysiological and Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Palmar Digital Nerve Injury in Distal Finger
Authors: Lee Jun Yeon , Kim Ji Yoon , Kim Ki Hoon
Published: December 2023

Electrophysiological evaluation of distal lesions in the palmar digital branch of the median nerve presents a significant challenge. We present a case of lateral palmar digital neuropathy of the median nerve, which was confirmed through clinical, electrophysiological, and ultrasonographic assessments. A 54-year-old woman was referred to our electrophysiology laboratory for persistent numbness and a tingling sensation on the radial side of the distal phalanx of her left second finger. She had a laceration injury on the middle phalanx of the second finger and underwent neurorrhaphy of the lateral branch of the palmar digital nerve 8 months ago. Sensory nerve conduction studies, both antidromic and orthodromic, showed low amplitude responses for the lateral branch of the palmar digital nerve. Ultrasonography revealed swelling of this nerve branch within the middle phalanx of the second finger. When patients report sensory symptoms in a specific area, it is important to evaluate for potential cutaneous nerve injuries using electrophysiological studies. Additionally, high-resolution ultrasonography is a valuable tool for investigating small cutaneous nerve lesions, even in the distal finger.
Effect of Lead Toxicity on Wild Cannabis Species of Punjab Region
Authors: Balgotra Dimpy , Bashir Sabreen , Vadhel Agrataben , Girdhar Madhuri , Mohan Anand
Published: December 2023

Human activities are causing environmental pollution in many ways by contaminating air, water and soil by adding different types of pollutants. Among various pollutants, heavy metals are an emerging threat in today’s world which are degrading our environment in a number of ways. Lead is the most widespread and evenly distributed poisonous element. Due to urbanization and growing human activities, lead emissions in different forms have increased, resulting in the contamination of soil and water. The lead transfers from environment to different forms of life, disrupting biological processes and causing various health issues. In this article, pot culture experiments were carried out to analyse the stress of Lead (Pb) and the capability of Cannabis sp. to tolerate the stress by studying the impact of different concentrations (0 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg of soil) on various biochemical aspects of the plant (Photosynthetic pigments, protein, antioxidant enzyme activity). Lead was given in the form of lead acetate. The results showed that the photosynthetic pigments-chlorophyll and carotenoid decreased with increasing lead concentration. Same effect was shown by the protein content in the leaves. On the other hand, Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), which is an antioxidant enzyme, increased with increasing concentration of lead.
Sub-Acute Toxicity Study of Hydro-Alcoholic Extracts of Sansevieria cylindrica and Plumeria obtusa in Wistar Albino Rats
Authors: Shewale Sunil , Undale Vaishali , Addepalli V. , Bhalchim Vrushali , Desai Shivani , Wawale Vikas , Shelar Maruti , Padole Shubham , Satone Shital , Lembhe Shweta , Parekh Sameer , Pujari Pramod
Published: December 2023

Sansevieria cylindrica Bojer ex. Hook (Asparagaceae) and Plumeria obtusa L. (Apocynaceae) are useful traditional medicines. The present study assessed the toxicity of a combination of hydro-alcoholic extract of aerial parts of both these plants through repeat administration in Wistar albino rats. This study is an extension of an acute toxicity study, wherein female rats were orally administered with a single dose of 2000mg/kg of both plant extracts. Sub-acute toxicity of both plants (200 and 400 mg/kg p.o.) was studied by daily dosing of Wistar rats of both sexes for 28 days. Toxicity, mortality, body weight changes, food and water intake, and neurological assessments were recorded. Hematological, biochemical, and urine analysis was done before and after dosing on day 29. Absolute and relative organ weight and histological evaluation were performed on day 29. The acute toxicity study revealed no lethal effects indicating that LD50 is greater than 2000mg/ kg. The sub-acute study observed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in body weight, feed, and water intake. The body weight gain in rats from the treatment group was non-significant (p > 0.05) compared to the control group. A significant (p < 0.05) increase in lymphocytes, granulocytes, RBC, platelet, creatinine, albumin, triglycerides, and alkaline phosphatase were also observed. The evaluation of different neurobehavior parameters showed a significant increase (p < 0.05). Histopathological analysis showed mild liver distortion in male rats in both treatment groups. Most of the significant observations were considered incidental findings indicative of low toxicity of plant extract during long-term use.
Optimization of Stability-Indicating HPLC Method for Analyzing Process Related Impurities of Penfluridol and Structural Elucidation of Stress Degradation Products by LCMS/MSucidation of Stress Degradation Products by LCMS/MS
Authors: Adilakshmi Beram , Rohini V. K. , Eswarlal T. , Prasanna Ch. Lakshmi , Anna Venkateswara Rao
Published: December 2023

This study focused on the development of a simple and sensitive HPLC method for resolution and quantification of process-related impurities of penfluridol and further assessment of forced degradation behavior of penfluridol. The chromatographic separation was achieved on XTerra™ C18 (250×4.6 mm, 5.0μm) column and UV detection at 245nm. The mobile phase comprises of methanol and tetrahydrofuran in 55:45 (v/v) as solvent A and acetonitrile and tetrahydrofuran in 80:20 (v/v) as solvent B. The 60:40 (v/v) composition of solvent A and B were pumped isocratically at 1.0mL/min. In the proposed conditions, the retention time identified as 5.29 min for penfluridol, 4.51 min, 9.95 min and 7.64 min respectively for impurity 1, 2 and 3 with acceptable system suitability. The method produces sensitive detection limit of 0.008μg/mL for impurity 1, 2 and 0.004 μg/mL for impurity 3 with calibration range of 25-150 μg/mL for penfluridol and 0.025-0.150 μg/mL for impurities. The drug was exposed to different stressed conditions (acid, base, peroxide, thermal and UV light) according to ICH Q1A (R2) guidelines. The Degradation Products (DPs) formed during the stress study was characterized by LCMS/MS in ESI positive mode and the possible structures of five DPs with possible degradation pathways were proposed. The outcomes of other validation studies were likewise satisfactory and proven adequate for regular analysis of penfluridol and its process-related impurities in bulk drug and pharmaceutical dosage forms and can also applicable for evaluation of stress degradation mechanism of penfluridol.
Ameliorative Role of Allicin in Arsenic-Induced Liver and Gonad Apoptosis in Male Swiss Albino Mice (Mus musculus)
Authors: Sarkar Payel , Kundu Jayanta Kr.
Published: December 2023

Arsenic toxicity is a matter of concern in the present-day world. Arsenic, a potentially hazardous metalloid easily gets biomagnified through the food chain and also affects not only the vital organs such as the kidney, and liver of human beings but also the reproductive organs of males. This study was designed to propose allicin, the main bio-active component of garlic to address arsenic toxicity more efficiently and without any side effects apart from the costly conventional chelation therapy which is not free from various side effects. To conduct this study, allicin has been quantified and collected from ethanolic extract of garlic by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) using C18 column at 254nm wave-lengths against standard allicin at the retention time of 18.775min. The calculated concentration of allicin is 77.80%. Next, arsenic trioxide (As2O3) (20mg/kg) and allicin (100mg/kg) were administered orally for toxicity and treatment respectively in mice (Mus musculus) for 30 days. Compared to the control group, liver marker enzymes i.e., Serum Glutamic Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT), Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGOT), and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) levels were significantly increased in the arsenic-induced group. On the other hand, co-treatment with allicin significantly recovered liver enzyme parameters to normal levels (p<0.05). Decreased weight of testis, sperm count, and increased numbers of Sperm Head Anomalies (SHA) indicate reduced reproductive potential in the arsenic-induced group of male albino mice. On the contrary, co-treatment with allicin significantly increased testis weight, sperm count and decreased SHA count (p<0.05). On examining histological slides of the liver and testis, normal histo-architecture was observed in both control and arsenic-induced allicin co-treated groups; whereas damage was observed in the arsenic-induced group. Generated data pointed out that allicin offers significant protection to the mammalian liver and male gonad (testis) against arsenicinduced toxicity.
Safety Assessment of AYUSH SC-3 through Acute and 90 Days Repeated Dose Oral Toxicity Study
Authors: Gaidhani Sudesh N. , Reddy S. Viswanth , Ala Srikanth , Kumar Sanjaya , Jamadagni Shrirang , Deshmukh Pranita Joshi , Subrahmanyam K. , Avinash G.
Published: December 2023

The present study is focused on establishing the safety of the formulation through acute and 90 days of repeated oral dose toxicity as per the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guidelines. During the acute toxicity test, the drug was orally administered at a limited test dose of 2000 mg/kg. Clinical signs, feed and body weight were recorded. At the end of 14 days, the animals were euthanized and subjected to a detailed post-mortem examination (necropsy). As per OECD, 408 the 90 days repeated dose oral toxicity study was carried out with three different doses of test drug i.e., 1500, 1000 and 500 mg/kg. Cage side observations, body weight and feed intake were recorded. Upon termination of the study, urine analysis, haematology and clinical biochemical examinations were performed. Finally, the rats were subjected to euthanasia, a gross necropsy was conducted and vital organs were weighed and made prone for histopathological evaluation. Cage-side observation of AYUSH-SC-3 treated animals showed no signs of toxicity, and the mortality or moribund state was observed in both of the studies. No significant change in body weight and feed intake was seen in AYUSH-SC-3 treated animals. Gross morphology and necropsy findings of the animals revealed no treatment-related. Haematological and biochemical parameters of rats treated with AYUSH-SC-3 were found to be non-significant when compared to the control group. Necropsy findings and relative organ weights did not change significantly. Further, the histopathological analysis of major organs showed no major lesions and treatment-related changes. The LD50 of AYUSH SC-3 is greater than 2000 mg/kg and NOAEL is up to 1500 mg/kg.
A Review on the Impact of Pesticide Toxicity on the Physiological and Behavioral Condition of Fish
Authors: Mandal Sayan , Mandal Basudev
Published: December 2023

Pesticides are an essential component of contemporary agriculture because they help keep unwanted insects and animals under control and boost crop yields. However, the widespread usage of pesticides has led to worries over the unexpected consequences that these chemicals have on non-target animals and ecosystems, particularly those that are aquatic. Fish, which play an essential role in aquatic food webs, are particularly vulnerable to the damaging effects of pesticides as a result of their direct contact with contaminated water bodies. The review covers acute and chronic pesticide effects on fish, including physiological and behavioral responses. It discusses population-level effects and biodiversity loss on fish reproduction, growth, development, immunological function, and locomotor activity. It also highlights pesticide toxicity’s long-term effects on fish populations. Pesticide exposure may also alter foraging behavior, competitive aptitude, and predation vulnerability, according to the review. Pesticides harm fish health by accumulating toxins, causing genetic defects, and upsetting the aquatic ecology. These effects put biodiversity in jeopardy and upset the food chain’s delicate balance, raising major environmental issues. It emphasizes the need for interdisciplinary research to better understand fish pesticide toxicity and guide environmental regulatory measures. Implementation of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) practices to ensure sustainable pesticide use in the environment. Use of non-chemical strategies such as crop rotation, natural predators, and resistant varieties. limit pesticide application to specific pests, thereby minimizing ecological damage and preserving ecosystem equilibrium. We can improve agriculture-aquatic biodiversity coexistence by supporting holistic pesticide management.
Preclinical Animal Models of Renal Disease
Authors: Bahalkar Kunal , Musale Manish , Kakadiya Jagdish
Published: December 2023

Acute Renal Failure (ARF) is a serious condition where the kidneys suddenly stop working, commonly caused by drug-related injury. This article aims to give a detailed explanation of different animal models used to study ARF, focusing on the biomarkers linked with this condition. When administering drugs to animals, it is essential to be mindful of the potential for ARF to occur. Nephrotoxic drugs like cisplatin, methotrexate, acyclovir, Cyclosporine, folic acid, amphotericin B, and amikacin can induce ARF if the dosage and duration of exposure are not adequately regulated to match the clinical scenario. Careful monitoring is crucial to ensuring the safety and well-being of the animals under our care. This article contains various screening models for ARF caused by various allopathic drugs like glycerol, acyclovir, amikacin, amphotericin B, Isoniazid-Rifampicin, cisplatin, folic acid, diclofenac, and lithium. The intrinsic toxicity of these medications also plays a significant role in the ensuing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), and the kidney is probably more vulnerable to damage than other organs. These medications can be hazardous and their effects on the glomerulus and/or tubules can be caused by oxidative damage, hypersensitivity responses, altered hemodynamics, and tubule blockage. This article aims to provide a thorough description of the model used and to examine the findings in relation to that particular model. This approach can yield valuable insights and help ensure the findings’ accuracy and relevance.
Green Synthesis of Stable and Reusable Zinc Nanoparticle Adsorbents for the Removal of Carcinogenic Heavy Metals in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Rao Chandana Narasimha , Sujatha M.
Published: December 2023

industrial applications led to an alarming rise in their presence, heightening the potential for contamination in various environmental mediums. In order to mitigate the adverse impacts of these heavy metals, it is imperative to reduce their concentrations in environmental samples. Therefore, this study aimed to produce zinc nanoparticles employing Diospyros chloroxylon (Roxb.) to effectively eliminate carcinogenic metals from water. The produced nanoparticles were subjected to comprehensive characterization using FT-IR, XRD, SEM, and EDX techniques. The XRD data indicated the emergence of a hexagonal wurtzite structure. SEM images illustrated the spherical morphology of the synthesized particles, with an average diameter measuring 53 nm and having elemental zinc accounting for 69.4% of the composition. The subsequent heavy metal sorption experiments encompassed a range of variables, remarkably, the nanoparticles displayed exceptional adsorption capabilities, achieving maximum removal rates of 95.81%, 90.13%, and 91.25% within an equilibrium time of 90 minutes for Cr, Pb, and Cd, respectively. The adsorption process adhered to a pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics model, with high correlation coefficients of 0.9561, 0.99058, and 0.98481, along with respective rate constants (K) of 0.483, 0.233, and 0.328 for Cr, Pb, and Cd. The outcomes highlight that the synthesized zinc nanoparticles exhibit biocompatibility, stability, and reusability, making them a promising tool for effectively removing carcinogenic heavy metals from polluted water sources.
Mantener vivo un pensamiento crítico: Entrevista a Elizabeth Fox
Authors: Heram Yamila , Gándara Santiago
Published: December 2023

Realizamos una entrevista a Elizabeth Fox (1947) —una de las pioneras de la investigación en comunicación en América Latina—, con el objetivo de recuperar y visibilizar su trayectoria académica desde su temprana llegada a Colombia a mediados de los años sesenta hasta sus últimos trabajos. Fox desplegó su propia biografía intelectual, al mismo tiempo que participó en la fundación de un campo de estudios cuyos objetos fueron los medios masivos, su estructura concentrada, las desigualdades en la circulación de los flujos internacionales, la penetración estadounidense, y las políticas nacionales y regionales de comunicación. No solo es autora de numerosas publicaciones —sola o en colaboración con Luis Ramiro Beltrán o Héctor Schmucler—, sino que también ha sido una gran organizadora. En un momento en el que todo estaba “como empezando”, su tarea también apuntó a reunir a otras tantas investigadoras e investigadores de la región, para que participaran en las instituciones que comenzaban a surgir, y así promover una investigación colectiva para desarrollar y mantener un pensamiento crítico.
Use of perioperative thermal camera for the assessment of sympathectomy effectiveness
Authors: ACIPAYAM Ahmet , YOLDAŞ Atila
Published: December 2023

Objectives: Primary Hyperhidrosis (HH) is the excessive sweating condition in one or more parts of the body. The definitive treatment method is surgical. The most commonly applied surgical method is endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy (ETS). We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of patients with hyperhidrosis by making temperature measurements.
Methods: We analyzed the findings of 30 patients who were diagnosed with HH between January 1, 2019 and November 1, 2022 in Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University Thoracic Surgery Clinic. Preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative hand temperatures of the patients who underwent bilateral endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy were examined by measuring hand temperatures with a thermal camera.
Results: After the evaluation of the examination, it was revealed that there was an increase in the hand temperature measurement values before sympathectomy and after the sympathectomy operation.
Conclusion: We believe that endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy performed by measuring temperature with a thermal camera will increase the comfort and safety of the surgery both on the part of the physician and the patient.
Spatial correlation of dengue with socioeconomic status and land temperature in northwest Mexico
Authors: Alvarez-Hernandez Gerardo , Yera-Grillo Daraysi , Robles-Morúa Agustín , Navarro-Estupiñán Javier , Reyes-Castro Pablo Alejandro , Encinas-Cárdenas Angélica Aracely , Duarte-Tagles Héctor Francisco , Candia-Plata Maria del Carmen
Published: December 2023

Objective. To characterize the geographic distribution of dengue and to evaluate the spatial autocorrelation with social and climatic determinants at the census-tract level in two medium sized cities in northwestern Mexico. Methods. In this work we apply spatial analysis ecological tools, such as the Moran’s Index and the Local Indicator of Spatial Association (LISA) method, to examine global and local spatial correlation between incidence of dengue, and socioeconomic and climatic factors at the census tract-level. For the analysis of the spatial clustering, the Getis-Ord method was used to find statistically significant hot spots in each city. Results. Overall, a global spatial autocorrelation could not be identified, although local clusters of a high dengue incidence, soil surface temperature ≤ 31 °C and high degree of social marginalization coincide. Discussion. We found that at the census-tract level in urban settings, socially disadvantaged populations showed higher clusters of dengue when compared to areas with better socioeconomic conditions. In the two study sites, a similar spatial pattern was observed when considering public health conditions and its aggregation with physical attributes using spatial analysis techniques, supporting the application of this technique for a better understanding about the dengue distribution in urban areas.
Wpływ stylu życia i diety na głos
Authors: Muras Paulina
Published: December 2023

Codzienny styl życia oraz sposób odżywiania wpływają na kondycję psychofizyczną organizmu. Palenie tytoniu zwiększa ryzyko raka krtani. Może zwiększać ryzyko wystąpienia refluksu krtaniowo‑gardłowego oraz obrzęku Reinkego. Nadmierne spożycie napojów wysokoprocentowych skutkować może odwodnieniem błon śluzowych organizmu oraz zmianami barwy głosu. Publikacje naukowe nie potwierdzają jednoznacznego szkodliwego wpływu kofeiny na narząd głosu. Szkodliwość ta może wynikać z ilości przyjmowanej kofeiny. Odwodnienie organizmu ma szkodliwy wpływ na aerodynamiczne i akustyczne pomiary fonacji. Zbyt niska podaż wody w ciągu dnia może prowadzić do obniżonego nawilżenia błon śluzowych jamy ustnej, gardła oraz krtani. Osoby przyjmujące małą ilość płynów w ciągu dnia mogą odczuwać nadmierną suchość w jamie ustnej, bóle gardła czy chrypkę. Dieta wspierająca prawidłową pracę narządu głosu powinna być dietą zbilansowaną, spełniającą dzienne zapotrzebowanie kaloryczne oraz witaminowo‑mineralne. Jednym z najkorzystniejszych modeli diety, o prozdrowotnych właściwościach jest dieta śródziemnomorska. Spośród ziół i przypraw wykazujących pozytywny wpływ na błony śluzowe narządów uczestniczących w emisji głosu wymienia się m.in. nagietka lekarskiego, tymianek właściwy, imbir lekarski oraz czarnuszkę siewną. Celem artykułu jest podkreślenie wpływu diety i jej poszczególnych elementów oraz stylu życia na głos.
Ocena sprawności głosowej dzieci przedszkolnych na podstawie pVHI
Authors: Zając Ewelina
Published: December 2023

U dzieci i młodzieży w wieku szkolnym diagnozuje się wiele rodzajów zaburzeń głosu. Na potrzeby artykułu przeprowadzono badanie z rodzicami dzieci w wieku 4–6 lat. Do badania wykorzystany został wskaźnik niepełnosprawności głosowej (pVHI). Kwestionariusz pVHI składa się z trzech części: podskali funkcjonalnej, emocjonalnej i fizycznej. We wszystkich trzech grupach wiekowych badanych dzieci najwyższe średnie wartości pVHI występowały w podskali funkcjonalnej, a największe prawdopodobieństwo wyższego stopnia niepełnosprawności głosowej stwierdzono u dzieci pięcioletnich, które uzyskały najwięcej punktów w badaniu.
Cadmium and lead content in gluten and gluten-free bread available on the Polish market – potential health risk to consumers
Authors: Gacal Magdalena , Gut-Pietrasz Klaudia , Ćwieląg-Drabek Małgorzata
Published: December 2023

WSTĘP:

Produkty zbożowe, zwłaszcza pieczywo, odgrywają istotną rolę w żywieniu ludzi na całym świecie. Jednak ze względu na uwalnianie nadmiernych ilości zanieczyszczeń do środowiska produkty zbożowe mogą również zawierać pewne ilości pierwiastków potencjalnie toksycznych, które mogą mieć negatywny wpływ na organizm człowieka.

MATERIAŁ I METODY:

Celem pracy jest analiza zawartości metali ciężkich w wybranych chlebach glutenowych i bezglutenowych dostępnych na polskim rynku oraz ocena nienowotworowego i nowotworowego narażenia konsumentów na kadm (Cd) i ołów (Pb). Ocena ta obejmowała narażenie ośmiu grup wiekowych. Zawartość Cd i Pb oznaczono metodą ET-AAS.

WYNIKI:

Najwyższą średnią zawartość Cd odnotowano w pieczywie pszenno-żytnim (0,072 mg/kg), najniższą w pieczywie bezglutenowym (0,021 mg/kg). Ogólny rozkład Cd w poszczególnych rodzajach chleba przedstawiał się następująco: pszenno-żytni > pszenny > żytni > bezglutenowy.

WNIOSKI:

Oszacowanie narażenia na Cd i Pb konsumentów pieczywa pszennego i pszenno-żytniego wykazało, że w populacji dzieci w wieku < 11 lat może wystąpić istotne ryzyko zdrowotne.
Changes in the absorptive capacity of soils of Donbass degraded agroecosystems
Authors: Syshchykov D. V. , Agurova I. V.
Published: December 2023

The aim of the work was to study the qualitative and quantitative composition of the soil-absorbing complex of degraded soils of agricultural land on the territory of the Donetsk People's Republic (DPR). The main tasks of the work were to study the amount of exchangeable bases, as well as the exchangeable calcium and magnesium of degraded soils. To study the soil cover of degraded agroecosystems, model plots were selected, located in the northern part of the Shakhterskiy region of the DPR, represented by gravelly chernozems unwashed and medium-washed. The site with steppe vegetation (ordinary medium-humus chernozem) was selected as the control variant. The results of studies of soil absorption capacity of agrocenoses in general indicate the development of degradation processes. The sum of the exchangeable bases of all studied soils is significantly reduced in comparison with the zonal soil, and the minimum values of the studied indicator, compared to the control, are recorded on slope areas of the fields (76.6–81.8% in relation to the control). On the fallow field, no statistically significant differences were found between the values of the sum of exchangeable bases compared to the control, which is most likely due to the lack of intensive agricultural exploitation and the application of mineral nutritive elements to the soil of this site. In the soils of almost all model sites (with the exception of the fallow field), the content of exchangeable calcium decreased by 27.4–42.7% compared to zonal soil. While studying the content of exchangeable magnesium, some regularities have been noticed, which are due to correlation with exchangeable calcium. Thus, the intensification of agricultural soil use resulted in an increased ratio of magnesium to calcium – on average to 1 : 3, while in the control it was 1 : 5. Such a transformation in the future can negatively affect the soilabsorbing complex and the soil as a whole, further loss of soil structure and a number of other negative consequences.
Spectral reflectance of atmospheric dust as an indirect indicator of its soil origin
Authors: Savin I. Yu. , Vindeker G. V. , Plotnikova O. O. , Romanovskaya A. Yu.
Published: December 2023

Atmospheric dust affects both human health and climate change. Therefore, the study of atmospheric dust is one of the important tasks of many scientific fields. The aim of our research was to indirectly assess the relation of atmospheric dust over arable lands of two test sites in Tver and Tula regions of Russia with soils. Dust was analyzed on aspirator filters after pumping specified volumes of air at the level of 20–30 cm above the arable surface. Its spectral reflectance was used as a criterion of soil origin of dust, which was compared with the reflectance of the size fraction (50–200 nm) of soils isolated by dry sieving of a sample of arable soil horizon. The spectral reflectance of dust was calculated based on approaches of linear separation of spectral mixture, taking into account the projective coverage of dust particles on filters, which was determined by analyzing microscope photographs of the filters in GIS. As a result, it was found that the recovered dust spectra on the filters correlate well with the spectra of the same size soil fraction separated by dry sieving, which indirectly confirms the predominance of specifically soil dust on the filters. Spearman correlation coefficient is within the range of 0.84–0.90, Kendall's Tau correlation coefficient varies within 0.70–0.79 (at significance level p < 0.05). Under the conditions of insignificant atmospheric dust load and when collecting a sufficient amount of dust for direct analysis is time and labour consuming, the approach used may serve as an alternative for indirect confirmation of the soil origin of dust in the near ground layer of the atmosphere. In the future, this approach can be used as a basis for monitoring of arable soils deflation.
Features of the mineralogical composition of solod and solod meadow-chestnut soil, the case of soils of the liman depression at Dzhanybek research station of the Institute of Forest Science RAS
Authors: Varlamov E. B. , Lebedeva M. P. , Churilin N. A. , Musaelyan R. E. , Kolesnikov A. V.
Published: December 2023

The structure of the soil cover at the territory of the clayey semidesert of the Northern Caspian Sea is represented by triparted soil complex and peculiar soils like solod. Solods are formed in relief elements that are constant for this territory – mesodepressions, which are referred to limans. Two soil profiles were studied in the bottom of the liman – solod, and on its peripheral part – solodized meadow-chestnut soil. The formation of the solod profile occurs because of periodic moistening with fresh water and systematic flooding during the snowmelt period. The second soil is in the zone of transit of surface water to the liman. The soil profiles have the same type of eluvialilluvial distribution of the clay fraction, while differentiation is more distinct in solod. Mineralogical analysis established the same type of qualitative composition of clay and clastogenic minerals in both soils. Clay minerals are represented by illite, smectite, mixed-layer illite-smectite, accompanied by kaolinite and chlorite. Clastogenic minerals are represented by quartz, mica, K-feldspar, plagioclase, and chlorite. Quartz and feldspars are accumulated in the solodized horizons of the soil profiles; the content of quartz and feldspars decreases in the textural horizons, while the content of mica and chlorite increases. The distribution of the smectite phase in the solod profile reveals a difference in the ratio of illite-smectite packets, structures with a low content of smectite packets predominate in the solod part of the profile, and the proportion with a swelling packet in mixed-layer minerals increases in textural horizons. The solodized meadow-chestnut soil is distinguished by a smaller thickness of the solodized horizon, a higher content of the smectite component, and a calm character of the profile differentiation of clay and clastogenic minerals. In both soils, labile minerals with signs of superdispersion are recorded in the solodized and textural horizons. The superdispersion of labile minerals has different causes. In solod, it is associated with the action of low-mineralized water and the hydrolysis of soil minerals during the wet seasons of the year, as well as with the intense regime of intrasoil weathering in situ, and in the solodized meadow-chestnut soil, with the passage of the stage of solonetz soils. Differences in the smectite component were also revealed: in the solodized horizons of solod, it is represented by individual smectite and the mixed-layer phase of illitesmectite; and in the meadow-chestnut soil – by mixed-layer illite-smectite.