bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design and Implementation of 6-Tap FIR Filter Using MAC for Low Power Applications
Authors: Rao Dr. B. Rama
Published: June 2022

Abstract: A Significant number of mathematical operations, such as multiplication and accumulation, are often required by a digital signal processing (DSP) algorithm. Many DSP applications have latency limitations, which mean that the DSP operation must be performed within a certain amount of time for the system to function, and because DSP gives high accuracy, filters constructed in DSP have tighter control over the output accuracy. As a result, DSP applications must be fast, have a high throughput, and use little power. Filters with a finite impulse response (FIR) are commonly employed in digital signal processing (DSP) applications. A FIR filter that is efficient in terms of electricity is being built. The multiplier and accumulator (MAC) unit used a new implementation approach to develop this system. FIR filter is a type of filter. Multipliers, adders, and a variety of other components are commonly used in FIR filters. Multipliers, adders, and a series of delays are used to form the filter's output in FIR filters. The goal of this project is to design and implement a 6-tap finite impulse response (FIR) filter by replacing multipliers with an 8-bit Multiplier and Accumulator (MAC) unit within the FIR filter, where a low-power MAC unit is always a key to achieving high performance in a DSP system, and D flip-flops are used in place of delays and constructed using a latch-based design. The Wallace tree Multiplier was utilised in the construction of the MAC unit because it reduces the amount of partial products, and the adders used for accumulation are half adders and full adders. In the FIR filter, for the purpose of summing This work evaluates performance of FIR filter in terms of speed and power and synthesis are executed in Xilinx Vivado 2018.1 software environment and the implementation is done using VHDL codes. The result analysis shows that the proposed FIR filter consumes low power than conventional (standard) FIR filter. As the dynamic power results up to 11.932W and after implementation it results up to 12.029W. Keywords: MAC, Low power, latch-based design.
Missing Child Identification Using Deep Learning and LBPH Algorithm
Authors: G Soma Sekhar , B Madhav , B Sunil , G Sravani
Published: June 2022

Abstract—Crimes are at rise and turning into hard for police to become aware of and rescue the Missing Persons. Our Proposed System will use Face Recognition Algorithms and could have the capability for IRIS recognition as well to detect Missing Persons. Face Recognition begins with extracting the coordinates of features such as width of mouth, width of eyes, pupil and comparing the result with the measurement stored in the database and returning the closest record. Nowadays, face recognition techniques are growing around the world. We will be using advanced algorithms like LBPH for our system and also compare to other older algorithms to prove higher accuracy of our system. We will be building a web based system integrated with Backend Machine Learning server. The Backend ML system will handle all the search, detection and recognition using our face recognition and Iris Recognition Model and all the data stored in the database.
A comparative prospective study in the management of Helicobacter pylori infection using Lactobacillus reuteri Vs conventional therapy
Authors: Hassan Syed Ibrahim , Baleeqh Uddin Mohammed , Kaunaine Mohd Ehtesham , Sultana Sumayya , Samreen Syeda Aleena , Mohiuddin Mohd
Published: June 2022

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has become a remarkable worldwide health problem. The eradication of H. pylori has become a challenge. Probiotics have proven beneficial in reducing the side effects and increases patient compliance. Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) is frequently used probiotic and considered safe for human consumption. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of a probiotic and conventional antibiotic triple therapy in the management of H. pylori infection.

Methods: This was a prospective observational study carried out for a period of six months. Patient data were extracted from their medical records. Treatment outcome was evaluated based on the report of Rapid Urease Test (RUT). Symptoms were assessed using Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS). Descriptive statistics were used to summarize patient characteristics. T-test, chi square test and one way ANOVA were used wherever appropriate.

Results: A total of 105 patients with confirmed H. pylori infection were included, of which 42% were males and 58% were females. The mean age of three group patients were 38.03±10.68, 34.00±13.36 and 36.11±13.37 years. Eradication rate noted in Lactobacillus reuteri only treatment was 86%, eradication rate noted in Lactobacillus reuteri+ ppi was 86% and in antibiotic group was 92%. Patients with three different treatments have shown significant improvement in gastrointestinal symptoms (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: The overall data suggest that L. reuteri is recommended for a better eradication rate and reduced gastrointestinal symptoms. Though conventional triple therapy of H. pylori has shown an increased eradication rate and significant improvement in gastrointestinal symptoms, there was no great difference when compared with L. reuteri treated patients.

Keywords: H. pylori, Triple therapy, L. reuteri, Eradication, Gastrointestinal symptoms
A Review on Quality by Design Approach in Analytical Methods
Authors: Katekar Vinayak , Sangule Dipali , Bhurbhure Om , Ingle Priyanka , Dhage Shivprasad , Jadhav Krushna
Published: June 2022

Quality by Design (QbD) is a systematic approach to development that begins with predefined objectives for a product, process understanding, and process control based on knowledge and quality risk management. All conventional methods may fail to the intended purpose during method development and validation. In a QbD approach, the impact and interactions between critical method variables are understood using a Design of Experiments (DOE) approach, which gives multivariate analysis and modeling leading to the consistent quality of drug products. QbD tools like risk assessment and design of experiments, enable better quality to be incorporated into the analytical method and facilitate prior understanding and identification of variables affecting method performance. The main objective of the present review article is to describe different steps involved in method development by the QbD approach for analytical method development. The QbD Approach for method development comprises various steps that include defining method intent, performing experimental design, evaluating experimental results, selecting proper method conditions, and performing risk assessment with changing analytical parameters and conditions for evaluation. The purpose of analytical QbD is to attain quality in measurement.

Keywords: Quality by Design (QbD), Design of Experiments (DOE), Critical attributes
Description of Mother's Knowledge Level about BCG Immunization in Infants Age 0-2 Months at Posyandu, Kebun Pala Village, Makassar, East Jakarta
Authors: Wija Ida Bagus Eka Utama , Ronny , , Prihantini Nur Nunu
Published: June 2022

TB is considered the fourth leading cause of death. Pediatric TB is an essential factor in developing countries because the population of children aged younger than 15 years old is 40%-50% of the total population. At least 500,000 children are infected by TB annually. Globally, TB kills 200 children every single day and contributes to the death of 70,000 children annually. Immunization is one of the measures in the prevention of TB transmission. BCG vaccination has been playing the role of one of the WHO strategies since 1921 to eradicate TB problems, especially in developing countries, including Indonesia, and more than 3 billion doses of BCG vaccine have been distributed worldwide. This research aims to describe the level of mothers' knowledge regarding the BCG immunization among 0-2 months old infants in Posyandu (pre- and postnatal health care and information for women and children under five years) Kelurahan Kebun Pala Makassar, East Jakarta. The researcher used univariate analysis with the cross-sectional approach in this descriptive epidemiological research. The questionnaire that consisted of 21 questions was the primary data source for this research. The questionnaire was distributed on February 23, 2018. The researcher involved 50 respondents as the sample of the research population. Based on the analysis, the researcher concludes that 24,0% of respondents have a good level of knowledge, while the remaining respondents (76,0%) have an adequate level of expertise.

Keywords: TB, BCG Immunization, Knowledge
Evaluation of the quality of the main antimicrobial drugs sold in pharmacies in Bamako (Mali) according to a risk-based sampling
Authors: DEMBELE Ousmane , Cissé Bakary Moussa , Cissé Mody , Coulibaly Seydou Moussa , Dakouo Jacques , Cissé Nana Houmama , Koumaré Benoît Yaranga
Published: June 2022

Objectives: In a world marked by the increase in chemoresistance leading to the adoption of therapeutic combinations, the advent of generic multi-source drugs, the spread of counterfeiting and substandard drugs, often without active ingredients or falsified active ingredients, a greater vigilance by pharmaceutical regulatory authorities is needed. Drug quality control therefore plays an important role in detecting poor quality products on the market. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing threat to public health. It occurs when vital antimicrobials can no longer effectively treat bacteria and other microbes. Worldwide, around 700,000 people die each year due to antimicrobial resistance and without global action it could lead to 10 million deaths a year by 2050. This study aimed to assess the quality of major antimicrobials sold in Bamako to determine the prevalence of falsified and substandard antimicrobials.

Methods: Samples were taken in some pharmacies in Bamako and analyzed according to the standards of the United State Pharmacopoeia (USP), British Pharmacopoeia (BP) and International Pharmacopoeia (IP) by identification and assay methods. Products that do not meet the required specifications described by these pharmacopoeias are declared non-compliant.

Results: A total of 151 samples were taken according to a protocol based on the risks, of which 145 were compliant and 6 non-compliant due to an under-dosage of active ingredient. We found 58% of unregistered drugs that came from India and China.

Conclusion: This study allowed us to detect 6 non-compliant products that were withdrawn from the market and regulatory measures were taken.

Keywords: Antimicrobial, quality control, non-compliance, AMR.
Spray-dried nanoemulsion for improved oral delivery of silymarin against hepatic cancer cells
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Akhlaquer
Published: June 2022

Silymarin recognized for numerous activities, but the use is limited due to poor aqueous solubility, inefficient intestinal permeability, and low-erratic bioavailability. The aim of the current research was formulation of spray-dried nanoemulsion to enhance the solubility of silymarin. The nanoemulsion was prepared by aqueous titration method, spray died and characterized for thermal analysis by diffraction scanning calorimetry, crystallography analysis by x-ray diffraction, surface morphology by scanning electron microscopy. The reconstitution properties were determining for droplet size, polydispersity index and microscopic structure. Optimized nanoemulsion composed of 15% v/v of oil, 33% v/v of Smix and 52% v/v of distilled water demonstrated lowest droplet size (52.4 ± 1.63 nm) and polydispersity index (0.112), optimum viscosity (23.37 ± 2.36 cps), maximum % transmittance (94.55), optimum cloud point (88°C) and cumulative % drug release (98.43%). The microscopic structure of spray-dried nanoemulsion after reconstitution in distilled water revealed spherical shape free from any aggregation. Spray-dried nanoemulsion demonstrated amorphous sate of silymarin after fabrication into solid state. The cumulative % release of silymarin was significantly higher than marketed conventional suspension (Limarin). The developed spray-dried nanoemulsion was robust and stable for a period of 3 months that could be recommended for oral administration of silymarin after further study. Solids are preferred over liquid dosage form; the formulation may offer better patient compliance over liquid nanoemulsion. In addition, the in-vitro cytotoxicity study revealed more cytotoxicity of SD-NE than plain silymarin against HepG2 cell line after 48 h of incubation. Moreover, the HepG2 cellular uptake silymarin was found to be substantially higher from NE when compared to the plain silymarin. Further, silymarin loaded SD-NE could be potential approach against hepatic cancer.

Keywords: Silymarin, spray-dried nanoemulsion, dextran, phase diagram, solubility, stability
Development of a UV visible spectrophotometric method for simultaneous estimation of Ranolazine and Metoprolol
Authors: Vyas Krupa Hareshbhai , Soniwala Moinuddin , Vyas Amit , Shah Nirav
Published: June 2022

Ranolazine being Na+ channel blocker agent, decreases the chances of angina attacks. Metoprolol exerts specific β1 blocking effect which results into decreased cardiac contractility and heart Rate (1). Ultimately reduces oxygen demand of heart. Metoprolol enhances the pharmacological activity of Ranolazine so the combination gives better therapeutic activity (2).
There is no UV visible method present for the simultaneous estimation of Ranolazine and Metoprolol. To formulate and evaluate such a formulation involving mentioned drugs this simultaneous equation method was developed using 0.1 N HCl as a solvent. Chosen wavelengths were 272 nm and 242 nm for Ranolazine and Metoprolol Succinate respectively. Linearity range was seen to be 7.5 to 40 ppm for Ranolazine and 1 to 5 ppm for Metoprolol. Recovery studies and Validation were successfully performed according to ICH guidelines. This method can be applied for any formulation consisting mentioned drugs without interference of other excipients.
Keywords: UV visible spectrophotometry, Simultaneous estimation, Ranolazine, Metoprolol succinate, Analytical Method development, Angina Pectoris
Effect of Salvia purpurea cav. on the Proliferation of Hematopoietic Cells In Vitro
Authors: Velasco-Lezama Rodolfo , Quintero-Reyes Maritza , Tapia-Aguilar Rafaela , Cerón-Ramírez Reyna , Santana-Carrillo Jorge
Published: June 2022

In Mexico, some plants of the Salvia genus are employed against digestive problems, circulatory problems, infections, and some hematological alterations. We evaluated the effect of Salvia purpurea Cav. (Labiateae) on the proliferation of mouse hematopoietic cells. The extracts were prepared by consecutive maceration with hexane, dichloromethane, methanol, and water from three mixtures of the aerial structures of the plant: flower; flower–leaf, and flower–leaf–stem. Their hematopoietic capacity was determined in cultures of mouse bone marrow and spleen utilizing concentrations of 1, 10, and 100 µg/mL of each extract. The 100-µg/mL concentration of the flower extracts obtained with hexane, dichloromethane, and water established the proliferation of bone-marrow cells. The 10-µg/mL concentration of the hexanic and dichloromethanic extracts reduced cellularity by 34 ad 33%, respectively (p <0.005). Likewise, the 10-µg/mL concentration of the hexanic extract reduced the cell count by 30% (p <0.025). The 100-µg/mL concentration of the four flower–leaf extracts increased the concentration from 135–174%. Of the 36 extracts tested in bone marrow, 14 were stimulants, 19 were cytostatic, and three, cytotoxic. The remaining extracts increased the cellular concentration from 127 to 199.6%. In spleen cultures, the 100-µg/mL concentration of the flower–leaf–stem, and the hexanic and methanolic extracts increased the cellular concentration. The 100-µg/mL concentration of the flower–leaf extracts obtained with  dichloromethane and water gave rise to 4.0 and 3.4 increments in the cell count, respectively. The phytochemical study revealed the presence of phenolic and saponin compounds.   

Keywords: Hematopoietic activity, Genus Salvia, Salvia purpurea Cav, Bone marrow, Spleen.
New Smartphone Based Colorimetric Method Development and Validation of Drugs Containing Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Sulphur
Authors: Goswami Tejasbharthi Pravinbharthi , Kadam Apeksha , Mashru Rajashree
Published: June 2022

Colorimetry is a method for determining the concentration of coloured substances in a solution. The intensity of colour is directly proportional to the concentration of compound being measured. Smartphone based colorimetry has grown in popularity as analytical instruments due to their low cost and ability to collect, store and process data all in one device. In smartphone colorimetry, the camera on the phone serves as a detector. The colorimetric method based on a smartphone and the UV method both are based on the detection of colour intensity. The ammonium metavanadate is having different oxidation states and it produce different colours in its oxidation state. The +5-oxidation state shows yellow colour, +4 oxidation state shows blue colour, +3 oxidation state shows green colour and +2 oxidation state shows purple colour. The ammonium metavanadate reagent is orange red in colour; however, it transforms into green colour complex when it reacts with drugs containing nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur in its structure. In this article the developed method for all the drugs exhibits good linearity having Correlation coefficient about 0.998(Amoxicillin trihydrate), 0.998 (Silodosin) and for 0.999(Sofosbuvir). With increasing the concentrations of API, the colour intensity increases. All photographs were taken with smartphone and analysed using the photometrix PRO software. This application converts an image to an RGB histogram and regression models are included into the photometrix PRO application. By using Photometrix PRO and UV technique, the percent RSD of for all the three drugs was  Using statistical tool i.e two paired test on both procedures for all the three different drugs, the results show that both are equally significant.
Keywords: UV spectrophotometry, Smartphone based colorimetry, Photometrix PRO, RGB Histogram
Pharmacist Care to Improve Medication Adherence and Quality Of Life of COPD Patients
Authors: Tamilselvan T. , Arya Alocious , Divya N. M. , Ananthu Nandakumar , Anjali K A , Sailakshmi S
Published: June 2022

The objective of this study was to determine whether pharmaceutical care by pharmacists could improve medication adherence and quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or not. A prospective interventional study was conducted among 156 patients to assess medication adherence and find the reason for non-adherence, analyze the quality of life, and provide counseling to improve the quality of life in patients, to determine whether pharmaceutical care by pharmacists could improve medication adherence as well as the quality of life and to prepare patient information leaflet to educate the patients regarding the disease. Prescriptions were collected and Medication Adherence Questionnaire and St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire were used to assess medication adherence and quality of life respectively. Among 156 patients, 76 were taken as a control group and the other 80 were taken as an intervention group. At the baseline, the patients in both intervention and control groups were found to have no significant difference. After the second follow-up, the total quality of life score was improved significantly in the intervention group when compared with the control group (53.55 ± 6.79 vs.68.89 ± 9.13, p=0.001).  Medication adherence was significantly improved after pharmacist intervention (6.38 ± 1.53, 7.42 ± 0.74, p=0.001)  as compared with control group(4.73 ± 2.16, 4.89 ± 2.18, p=0.01). As per the study results, the implementation of pharmacist intervention played an important role in improving medication adherence as well as the quality of life of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. It may improve patient outcomes and reduce their social and economic burdens.

Keywords: Pharmacist intervention, Medication adherence, COPD, MAQ, SGRQ.
Role of Primary Care in Management of Heart Failure Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF): A Literature Review
Authors: Laksono Sidhi , Nurapipah Pepi , Nurusshofa Zahra , Rininta Rininta
Published: June 2022

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a non-communicable disease with the prevalence increasing globally. HFpEF has signs and symptoms of typical heart failure, with EF >50%, and structural heart disease or raised BNP. Primary care has an important role to prevent the progression of HFpEF. In this study, we review the importance of primary care in HFpEF management and the gaps with the newest ESC guideline in real practice. The challenges in the diagnosis of HFpEF result in treatment delayed or disease progression. Since there is a new drug has been added to the newest guideline, prior guideline adherence in primary care is suboptimal. Communication is the key to bridging the physician and expert. More epidemiological study of HFpEF in the specific region would be a starting point in an effort for adapting standardized guidelines and this requires a health system with appropriate resources and incentives.

Keywords: HFpEF, primary care, disease prevention, guideline, communication.
Development and Validation of Extractive Spectrophotometric Methods for the Estimation of Telmisartan by Using Smartphone Application
Authors: Saiyed Samar Ashfaq , Jadeja Preeti , Mashru Rajashree
Published: June 2022

Two simple, sensitive, accurate, precise and reproducible extractive colorimetric methods were developed for estimation of Telmisartan in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form. These methods are based on the formation of colored ion-pair complex of Telmisartan with Bromocresol green (BCG) and Bromocresol purple (BCP) dyes in acidic medium. The complex was extracted in chloroform and estimated quantitatively at 421 nm and 411 nm for BCG and BCP dyes respectively. For estimation of TMS present in the sample, estimation was also done by using Smartphone Application known as PhotoMetrix Pro. Beer Lambert’s law was obeyed over a range of 4-12 μg/ml for TMS with BCG dye by UV (r²= 0.9997) and PhotoMetrix (r²= 0.997) and for BCP dye it was obeyed over a range of 2-10 μg/ml by UV (r²= 0.999) and PhotoMetrix (r²= 0.998). The developed method was successfully applied for estimation of TMS in three commercial product tablet formulation without interference from common additives. The developed method was validated according to ICH Q2 guideline for linearity, range, accuracy, and precision. Comparison for both method UV and PhotoMetrix was done by performing t-test, and results show that there is no significant difference between both methods and hence Photometrix can be used as an alternative to UV for routine analysis of TMS.
Keywords: Telmisartan, Bromocresol green, Bromocresol purple, Acidic dyes, Colorimetry, UV spectrophotometry, PhotoMetrix.
Organogenesis from Leaf-derived Calli of S. potatorum L. f.: A Vulnerable Medicinal Tree Species
Authors: VIJAYA KUMAR VEERAN , SARALLA RAJAKUMARAN PATHMAVATHI , KANNAN PALANISAMY -
Published: June 2022

An efficient protocol for in vitro regeneration of Strychnos potatorum L. f. through indirect organogenesis was developed using mature leaf disc explants. The explants were selected from twenty years old tree. Cultured on Murashige and Skoog’s medium supplemented with 2,4-dichloro phenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) was used for the induction of organogenic calli. A pale yellow coloured friable callus developed at 2 mg/L-1 2,4-D where showed higher morphogenic potential. Further de-novo shoots formation and multiplication in optimal concentrations of cytokinins with different combinations of auxins.  An average mean shoots number (14.2±0.42) and shoots height (3.5±0.27cm) was obtained from piece of calli in 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) 1 mg/L-1 with 0.5 mg/L-1 α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). BAP in combinations with NAA was found to be superior to shoot development than other combination used. The well developed shoots were transferred to root induction medium for effective rooting. The rooting medium consisted of in half-strength MS medium augmented with 0.5 mg/L-1 NAA was used. The maximal mean number of roots per shoots 6.5±0.53 was recorded in 4 weeks. The rooted plantlets were removed from the culture tubes, gently washed with sterile double distilled water to remove agar adhering on the plant surface. The regenerated plants were transferred to plastic cups filled with a potting mixture containing sterile sand and soilrite (1:1 ratio) and allowed to grow in the greenhouse. The slowly acclimatized plants were further transferred to substrate containing red soil and farmyard manure (1:1) for effective hardening. 75% survival rate was recorded. This protocol can be useful for the ex-situ conservation and rehabilitation of this vulnerable medicinal tree S. potatorum.

Keywords: Indirect organogenesis, friable callus, shoot development, 6-benzylaminopurine, α-naphthalene acetic acid
Training: Priority Analysis of Health Problems and Activity Intervention Priorities for Village Apparatus in the Work Area of the Benteng Health Center
Authors: Akhiat Akhiat
Published: June 2022

Establishing Priorities in population health issues and determining priorities in the intervention programs implemented are important given the limitations of HR and financial resources. Health problems must be addressed inclusively, that is, together with relevant agencies. This study aims to look at the effect of health education on prioritizing health issues and their interventions on the knowledge of village officials. This research was conducted in Pangkalan Baru District. The research sample used was 30 people. The method used is pre-experimental design with one group pre-test post-test design. Data collection using a questionnaire. The data analysis technique uses the Wilcoxon technique. The results showed that the knowledge of the Village Apparatus before being given health education with an average value of 74.21 and after being given health education became 91.3%. Hypothesis test results with an error rate of 0.05 obtained p value <0.05 means that there are significant differences from the knowledge of the Village Apparatus after and before the training

Keywords: Health, Problem, Intervention
A Modal Criterion for Epistemic Argumentation
Authors: De Grefte Job
Published: June 2022

In this paper, I spell out and argue for a new epistemic theory of argumentation. Contrary to extant views, this theory is compatible with a pluralistic framework on argumentation, where the norms governing argumentation depend on the aim with which we engage in the practice. A domain of specifically epistemic argumentation is singled out, and I argue based on recent findings in modal epistemology that this domain is governed by the modal norm of safety; where a belief is safe just in case it is produced by a method that would not easily produce a false belief. While this criterion is well-known and uncontroversial in epistemology, it has hitherto not been applied to epistemic theories of argumentation. I show that the norm allows for a novel and superior perspective of the relevance of the persistent interlocutor in argumentation theory, and on the relation between dialectical and epistemic norms more generally.
QUALITY OF SERVICE PROVISIONING USING MULTICRITERIA HANDOVER STRATEGY IN OVERLAID NETWORKS
Authors: Deswal Suman , Singhrova Anita
Published: June 2022

The poor coverage problem inside the buildings and the existence of disparate wireless technologies have led to the development of integrated macro femtocellular networks. Correct and efficient vertical handover decision is of utmost importance in such integrated macro femtocellular networks. Initially, Received Signal Strength (RSS) used to be the sole criterion for taking a decision for vertical handover. Such decision leads to inaccurate results and therefore unnecessary handovers. In this paper, a multicriteria vertical handover strategy based on received signal strength, user velocity, number of users in a cell and data rate of the cell is proposed. This proposed strategy and the traditional algorithm are simulated and the results are analyzed quantitatively for different QoS parameters namely ping pong rate, packet loss ratio, throughput, packet delay, jitter and signalling cost. The results show significant improvement in the QoS parameters when the proposed strategy is used as compared to traditional algorithm.
COMPRESSIVE SENSING BASED CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK FOR OBJECT DETECTION
Authors: Wu Yirui , Meng Zhouyu M , Palaiahnakote hivakumara , Lu Tong
Published: June 2022

Deep neural networks (DNN) have shown significant performance in several domains including computer vision and machine learning. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), known as a particular type of DNN, have shown their promising potentials in discovering vision-based patterns from quantity of labeled images. Many CNN-based algorithms are thus proposed to solve the problem of object detection and object recognition. However, CNN-based systems are hard to deploy on embedded systems due to their computationally and storage intensive. In this paper, we propose a method to compress convolutional neural network to decreases its computation and storage cost by exploiting inherent redundancy property of parameters in different kinds of layers of CNN architecture. During the compression, we firstly construct parameter matrices from different kinds of layers and convert parameter matrices to frequency domain through discrete cosine transform (DCT). Due to the smooth property of parameters when processing images, the resulting frequency matrices are dominated by low-frequency components. We thus prune high-frequency part to emphasize the dominating part of frequency matrix and make the frequency matrix sparse. Then, the sparse frequency matrices are sampled with distributed random Gaussian matrix under the guiding of compress sensing. Finally, we retrain the network with the sampling matrices to fine-tune the remaining parameters. We evaluate the proposed method on several typical convolutional neural network and show it outperforms one latest compression approach.
FEATURE EXTRACTION ALGORITHM USING NEW CEPSTRAL TECHNIQUES FOR ROBUST SPEECH RECOGNITION
Authors: Amara korba Mohamed Cherif , Bourouba Houcine , Djemili Rafik
Published: June 2022

In this work, we propose a novel feature extraction algorithm that improves the robustness of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems in the presence of various types of noise. The proposed algorithm uses a new cepstral technique based on the differential power spectrum (DPS) instead of the power spectrum (PS), the algorithm replaces the logarithmic non linearity by the power function. In order to reduce cepstral coefficients mismatches between training and testing conditions, we used the mean and variance normalization, then we apply auto-regression movingaverage filtering (MVA) in the cepstral domain. The ASR experiments were conducted using two databases, the first is LASA digit database designed for recognition the isolated Arabic digits in the presence of different types of noise. The second is Aurora 2 noisy speech database designed to recognize connected English digits in various operating environments. The experimental results show a substantial improvement from the proposed algorithm over the baseline Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC), the relative improvement is the 28.92% for LASA database and is the 44.43% for aurora 2 database. The performance of our proposed algorithm was tested and verified by extensive comparisons with the state-of-the-art noise-robust features in aurora 2.
FORMULATION OF SYLLABLE BASED PRONUNCIATION MODELS FOR TAMIL TEXT-TO-SPEECH SYNTHESIZER
Authors: Rajendran Vaibhavi , Kumar G Bharadwaja
Published: June 2022

The primary aim of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) is to deliver the power of computers and communication systems to people in an easily accessible and understandable form. HCI in a person’s native/first language is always invigorate. Developing a Tamil Text-To-Speech (TTS) system will facilitate a convenient medium of interaction for people who speak Tamil language. This paper emphasizes on the development of pronunciation models, a vital component of a Tamil TTS. Developing a pronunciation model for Tamil is more arduous when compared to other languages due to the non-triviality between the letter to sound correspondence. Veritably, two syllable-based pronunciation models developed by us are discussed in this paper. First, is a syllable-centric rule-based pronunciation model that generates a well-founded training data which is ingrained into the second, Conditional Random Field (CRF) enforced model. It is evident that both of these models are dominions with a high Mean Similarity Score of 0.97 and 0.94 respectively in comparison to the other existing rule driven and data driven models in the literature. These syllable-based pronunciation models will enrich the performance of a Tamil TTS.
VISUALIZATION WITH VOCABULARY TRACKING FOR ARABIC WORD RECOGNITION AND READING COMPREHENSION
Authors: Raja-Yusof Raja-Jamilah , Mohd Yusoff Zulkifli , Hardaker Glenn
Published: June 2022

Comprehending text is the aim of reading; however, there is the phenomenon of non-Arabic speakers in Malaysia reading the Qur’an, written in Arabic, without comprehension. Word recognition (WR) theory, through word frequency effect (WFE) and word superiority effect (WSE), are used as a basis to achieve reading comprehension (RC) of the Qur'an. The Eye of Qur'an (EoQu) interface was developed, to visualise word occurrences and word morphology. This is achieved through parallel plot and word segmentation visualization. EoQu can track a user’s personal vocabulary with a presentation of percentage and word position in the Qur’an. Consequently, users know their ability to recognize Arabic words in relation to the whole Qur’an to achieve RC. An experimental study was set up with 90 Malaysian participants, starting with a pre-test, followed by a stratified sampling to divide participants into control and experimental groups (who used EoQu) for the post-test. Results showed evidence of improvement in WR based on scores and time taken to complete the Arabic Word Recognition Test.
A RIGOROUS APPROACH TO PRIORITIZING CHALLENGES OF WEB-BASED APPLICATION SYSTEMS
Authors: Qadir Mubshra , Farid Shahid , Bin Md Nasir Mohd Hairul Nizam , Akbar Atif
Published: June 2022

Web innovations are unique advancements of software engineering. They are equipped with new apparatuses, novel systems, and revolutionary plans, ready to be used by web application developers and their users. According to their importance for web application improvement, there is a need to locate a fitting approach to adapt to these challenges. Therefore, the core objective of this study is to rank the challenges that were encountered by the developers and users of web-based applications. This study contributes to knowledge by proposing a hierarchical framework for identifying and categorizing the challenges appropriately. An exhaustive list of sixty-nine challenges was formulated, based on extensive literature review. Quantitative in nature, this study uses the survey questionnaire to collect data from 87 experts in the web innovation domain. Various statistical models like the Cronbach’s Alpha, Principal Component Analysis, Stepwise, and Logistics Regression were employed to analyze the data. The stepwise regression was deployed to formulate the hierarchy of the extracted challenges. The outcome of the proposed framework would lead to a more efficient development and utilization of web applications. The limitations and future directions of this study were also discussed.
COMPREHENSION OF LINKED LIST DIAGRAMS: THE EFFECTS ON CODE WRITING SKILLS
Authors: Obaidellah Unaizah , Md Sabri Aznul Qalid , Mohd Faizal Erma Rahayu , Chiam Yin Kia
Published: June 2022

The use of graphics has a tendency to aid reasoning in program solving by improving novice programmers’ ability to read and write code. This study extends existing work in computer programming on the use of diagrammatic representation for students undertaking the fundamental data structure course (CS2) in Malaysia. Students were tested on comprehension of diagrams followed by the composition of code with respect to the linked list topic. The data was assessed using the inter-rater agreement test and showed a high degree of consistent ratings. Results showed a moderate correlation between students’ ability to analyze list operations in the form of notation and performance on code writing. Students assessed the diagrams differently according to the complexity level. The result can be generalized to conclude that the use of diagrams alone may not fully support reasoning and program solving. However, some types of diagrams are potentially more effective to support code composition and more emphasis should be given to evaluating the effectiveness of diagrams in organizing cues to facilitate novice programmers in program solving. Further investigation on a combination of activities related to comprehension of diagrams, including code reading and explanation prior to code writing, is recommended.
CNN BASED METHOD FOR MULTI-TYPE DISEASED ARECANUT IMAGE CLASSIFICATION
Authors: Mallikarjuna S B , Shivakumara Palaiahnakote , Khare Vijeta , Kumar N Vinay , M Basavanna , Pal Umapada , B Poornima
Published: June 2022

Arecanut image classification is a challenging task to the researchers and in this paper a new combined approach of multi-gradient images and deep convolutional neural networks for multi-type arecanut image classification is presented. To enhance the fine details in arecanut images affected by different diseases, namely, rot, split and rot-split, we propose to explore multiple-Sobel masks for convolving with the input image. Although, the images suffer from distortion due to disease infection, this masking operation helps to enhance the fine details. We believe that the fine details provide vital clues for classification of normal, rot, split and rot-split images. To extract such clues, we explore the combination of multi-gradient and AlexNet by feeding enhanced images as input. Implementation results on the four-class dataset indicate that the approach proposed is superior in terms of classification rate, recall, precision and F-measures. The same conclusion can be drawn from the results of comparative study of proposed method with the existing methods.
A COMPILATION OF FACTORS ASSOCIATED TO THE GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENT OF AGILE PROJECTS: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Sithambaram Jayasaegaran , Bin Md Nasir Mohd Hairul Nizam , Ahmad Rodina
Published: June 2022

The demand for project success is increasing, while the number of failed projects are still high. Whilst Project Management Offices help in the governance of Information Technology projects, the trending issues and challenges in Agile projects need a great deal of attention. More organisations are embracing the agile method due to its popularity and the benefits it yields. Literature discusses various issues and challenges, with an absence of a holistic review to determine its frequency, impact, and classification systematically. This study attempts to identify the factors addressed in literature over the last 2 decades, producing a list of factors and ranking them according to the most addressed and the frequency of reference. A systematic literature review was undertaken to identify the relevant literature using specific keywords search and filter, arriving at a final list of 175 selected studies for the analysis work, which was used to identify 37 prominent factors affecting agile project success. The highest number of studies and factors discussed were between years 2014 and 2016. Project Governance faired as the most addressed factor, while People related factors were widely discussed. Current trends are focused on attaining project governance with a sound understanding of the agile principles, by people with the right attitude, knowledge, skills, and the ability to work well with the team. Project governance with the careful implementation of the agile method and its processes in stages, with the right support tools and technology, is most important for project success. Competence of project stakeholders possessing the right attitude, with great collaboration and teamwork capabilities, and the ability to garner a close relationship with the customer and clearly articulate changing requirements is key to delivering successful agile projects. Future work will include the understanding and identification of critical challenges and crucial factors for ensuring agile project management success. It is proposed to expand the research further into the project governance and people-related area.
AN AGGRANDIZED FRAMEWORK FOR ENRICHING BOOK RECOMMENDATION SYSTEM
Authors: Sariki Tulasi Prasad , Kumar G Bharadwaja
Published: June 2022

In this era of information overload, Recommender Systems have become increasingly important to assist internet users in finding the right choice from umpteen numbers of choices. Especially, in the case of book recommender systems, suggesting an appropriate book by considering user preferences can increase the number of book readers in turn having an aftereffect on the users’ lifestyle by reducing stress, stimulating imagination, improving vocabulary, and making readers smarter. The majority of book recommender systems in the literature have used Collaborative Filtering (CF) and Content-Based Filtering (CBF) methods. Even though CBF methods have shown better performance than CF methods, they are mostly confined to shallow linguistic features. The present work proposed an aggrandized framework having three concurrent modules to improve the recommendation process. NER module extracts the Named Entities from the entire book content which are the key semantic units in providing clues on the possible choices of reading other related books. The Visual feature extraction module analyzes the book front cover to detect objects and text on the cover as well as the description of the cover which can bestow a clue for the genre of that book. The Stylometry module enhances the feature set used in the literature to analyze the author’s literary style for identifying similar authors to the present author of the book. These three modules conjointly improved the overall recommendation accuracy by 18% over the baseline CBF method that indicates the effectiveness of the present framework.
REDUCING ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN IOT BY A ROUTING WHALE OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM
Authors: Heidari Ehsan , Movaghar Ali , Motameni Homayun , Barzegar Behnam
Published: June 2022

The Internet of Things is a new concept in the world of information and communication technology, in which for each being (whether it be a human, an animal or an object), the possibility of sending and receiving data through communication networks such as the Internet or Intranet is provided. Wireless sensors have limited energy resources due to their use of batteries in supplying energy, and since battery replacement in these sensors is not usually feasible, the longevity of wireless sensor networks is limited. Therefore, reducing the energy consumption of the used sensors in IoT networks to increase the network lifetime is one of the crucial challenges and parameters in such networks. In this paper, a routing protocol has been proposed and stimulated which is based on the function of the whale optimization algorithm. Clustering is performed through a routing method which is based on energy level, collision reduction, distance between cluster head node and destination, and neighbor energy. Furthermore, the selection of the cluster head node is performed based on the maximum remaining energy, the least distance with other clusters, and energy consumption, where energy consumption for reaching the base station is minimized. By de-creasing the level of cluster head energy from the specified threshold value from among the nodes in the same cluster, a node with an energy level above the threshold would be selected as the new cluster head. Moreover, four conditions (i.e. the shortest route, the leading route, the least distance to the source node, and destination node) are applied for routing. The proposed method was compared to LEACH, EEUC, EECRP, BEAR and CCR algorithms, and the results indicated the superiority of the proposed method to other methods in terms of the number of dead nodes.
Compromiso gastrointestinal por enfermedad de injerto contra huésped
Authors: Gomez-Venegas Alvaro Andres , Mosquera-Klinger Gabriel , Carvajal Gutiérrez Jhon Jaime , Juliao Baños Fabián , Goldstein Rothstein Andrés , Pérez Cadavid Juan Camilo , Morantes Rubiano Juan Felipe
Published: June 2022

La enfermedad de injerto contra huésped es una complicación frecuente después del trasplante de células madre. El tracto digestivo se afecta en una gran proporción de los pacientes que la sufren, con consecuencias que pueden llegar a ser fatales. El abordaje adecuado, que incluye el uso de estudios endoscópicos, permite descartar diagnósticos diferenciales y brindar un manejo temprano de la enfermedad.
Trombosis esplácnica como presentación de neoplasia mieloproliferativa latente asociada con síndrome de plaqueta pegajosa
Authors: Hernández Torres Juan Manuel , López Paredes Gustavo Alexander , González Murrillo José Mauricio , Gómez Gutierrez Rigoberto , Ocampo Chaparro José Mauricio
Published: June 2022

La trombosis venosa de sitios inusuales como la esplácnica continúa siendo un reto no solo diagnóstico sino también terapéutico para el clínico debido a su forma de presentación y las patologías asociadas. La neoplasia mieloproliferativa latente JAK2 (cinasa de Janus 2) positiva asociada con síndrome de plaqueta pegajosa es inusual. Se presenta un caso clínico de una paciente de 38 años de edad que debutó con dolor abdominal de inicio súbito que sugirió un posible origen vascular. Se diagnosticó trombosis esplácnica en relación con neoplasia mieloproliferativa latente por la identificación de la mutación de la JAK2V617F y síndrome de plaqueta pegajosa mediante agregometría plaquetaria. Se administró de manera off-label anticoagulación con rivaroxabán 20 mg/día. Durante su seguimiento ambulatorio no ha presentado nuevos episodios trombóticos.