bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Studies on the Irrigation and Manure Requirements of Wheat
Authors:   Agricultural Engineer (Irrigation Research), Bihar Patna, F.N PANDEY , K.K MUKHERJI ,   Assitant Agronomist, Irrigation Research Station Bikaramganj, Shahabad
Published: October 2023

For normal crop production of wheat basic requirements of soil moisture and nutrients need to be provided in appropriate doses and at the appropriate stages of crop growth. Wadleigh et al (1946) reported that the plant growth is reduced as the soil moisture stress is increased. Mitra and Sabnis (1945) observed that water requirement of wheat varied between 8"-11" in three irrigations inclusive of 3-5 inches of presowing irrigation. Khan and Dhesi (1941) observed that two irrigations were sufficient for a successful wheat crop. Singh and Das (1961) found that in case of wheat crop 50 lb N level gave better yield over 25 lb dose of nitrogen. Singh and Rao (1954) reported that optimum dose of nitrogen was 60 lb per acre for wheat. Singh (1960) found that under each level of irrigation (wet, moist and dry) the yield of wheat increased with increased application of nitrogen and that more irrigation without fertiliser was harmful. Pandey and Haque (1965) reported that two irrigations, each of 7-5 om/ha scheduled at 30 and 55 days from the date of sowing gave the optimum grain yield at both 45 and 67 kg/ha levels of nitrogen. With a view to find out whether irrigations at other stages of plant growth have any bearing on yield characteristics, a modified experiment was laid out at the Irrigation Research Statian, Bikramganj under the Sone command area.
Time of Application of Nitrogen to Paddy in the Old Cauvery Delta
Authors:   Agronomy Assitant, Model Agronomics Experiment, Aduthurai, M JAYARAMAN , K SWAMINATHAN ,   Agronomy Assitant, Model Agronomics Experiment, Aduthurai, A MARIAKULANDAI ,   Professor of Agronomy, Agricultural College Coimbatore 3
Published: October 2023

In recent years, chemical fertilizers such as urea, Ammonium sulphate nitrate, Calcium ammonium nitrate etc. are being used for better crop production and there is no crop which has not responded for the application of nitrogen. When once it is decided what type if fertilizer is to be used for a particular crop the important problem arises for determining when and how they are to be applied in order to get maximum benefit. Hence it becomes necessary to evolve or fix by experi- mentation the right time and the right way of utilising the fertilizers. Mariakulandi (1957) has reported from trials conducted at Aduthurai during 1953-56 that there was no significant difference between single and split application; however, ammonium sulphate showed encouraging responses when applied at planting. No differences was noticed between ammonium sulphate and urea as they gave equal responses at 20 and 40 lb. nitrogen level in cultivators' fields. Manamohan Lal and Surendranath Naidu (1963) have stated that better yields are possible if ammonium sulphate is applied in two equal doses, one half at planting and the other 30 or 60 days after planting for kuruvai and thaladi crops respectively.
A Preliminary Study on Ferrisia (Ferrisiana) virgata Ckll., The White Mealy Bug (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae) In Madya Predesh
Authors:   Chairman of Entomology, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Viswa Vidyala Jobalpur, R.R RAWAT , B.N MODI ,   Research Assitant Dept of Entomology, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Viswa Vidyala Jobalpur
Published: October 2023

Ferrisia (Ferrisiana) virgata Ckll is a widespread pest of many ornamental plants, fruit crops and some field crops as recorded by Hosny (1943) and Mohammad Ali (1961). Some aspects of its bionomics were studied by Betrem (1936) in Java; Das et. al. (1948) in India; Voelcker (1948) in Gold Coast and Highland (1956) in Maryland. Its persistent occurrence in Madhya Pradesh during recent years and insufficiently known bionomics led to the studies on its host plants, bionomics and control, the preliminary results of which are reported here.
Growth Rates in Agriculture
Authors:   Assitant  Agricultural Economics, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 3, S.R SUBRAMANIAN
Published: October 2023

Agriculture occupies a place of pivotal importance in India's economy, providing livelihood to about 70 per cent of country's population and contri- buting about 50 per cent of the National income. A stagnant agriculture is the main feature of a traditional society. In such a society one' finds it difficult to apply the scientific innovations. Modernisation of the economy and accelerated economic growth are possible only if this stagnation is broken for good. Agricultural surpluses are essential for industrial growth. A look out for a system which combines the three factors namely, creation of agricul- tural surplus wherever possible; but also of industrial surpluses wherever conceivable in order to modernise agriculture and finally, a continuum of democratic economic institutions which make for this interflow between agriculture and industry. India's economic planning is dedicated to the task of devising this mechanism. The success of our efforts for economic development of the country will largely depend upon the order of development achieved in agriculture. The yields are miserably low as compared to the more advanced countries of the world. The result is that even with the bulk of population engaged in agriculture, enough quantities of foodgrains and raw materials are not being produced. Our Five Year Plans accorded a pride of place to programmes of agricultural development. Considerable progress has been achieved in increasing the production and laying the foundations of a progressive agricultural industry. Our experts view that with the gigantic effort in the field of agriculture in the Fourth Plan outlined, we can hope to increase agricultural output at least at the rate of five per cent per annum. The higher targets present a challenge which has, nevertheless, to be faced and there is no other alternative.
Mechanised Paddy Thresher
Authors:   Assitant Agri Engineer,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003, P.L SETHU , R.K SIVANAPPAN ,   Professor of Agri Engineering,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003, G PERUMAL ,   Agricultural Extension Officer, Perur, . RAGHUNATHAN ,   Agri Engineering Supervisor ,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003
Published: October 2023

The usual methed of threshing paddy is by trampling the harvested crop by animal or by beating. Both these methods have the disadvantage of requiring much time and labour. Further, grains may often be broken of, some of them not threshed out or otherwise lost. The grains also become dirty by contact with the ground. Further it is difficult to thresh the non-shedding variety. The drawbacks could be easily overcome with the use of the paddy thresher. Hence the work of improving the existing paddy thresher was taken up and on perfection the work of mechanising the same was also initiated in the Research Engineering Workshop attached to Agricultural College and Research Institute, Coimbatore-3, in order to reduce the labour and to increase the outturn.
Salt Tolerance of Rice
Authors:   Agronomy Assitant, Model Agronomics Experiment, Kraiyiruppu, S SADAYAPPAN , S.T SRINIVASAND ,   Assitant in Paddy Specialist, Rice Research Station Ambasamudram
Published: October 2023

In order to cater to the needs of nearly two lakhs acres cropped with rice under either saline or alkaline soil conditions in Madras State, rice breeding work was started at the Research Centre, Peravurani in 1960. Apart from field scale tests, pot culture studies were also undertaken during 1963 to 1966 for assessment of the salt tolerance capacity of some of the reputed salt resistant varieties and hybrid progenies of crosses effected between saline resistant types and high yielding strains.
Microbiological Aspects of Phytotoxicity in Soil
Authors:   Microbiologist, Division of Microbiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, V ISWARAN , J.R HARRIS ,   Senior Microbiologist, Division of Soils CSIRO South Australia
Published: October 2023

It is a well known fact that organic constituents of soil can improve plant growth. But are there organic compounds in soils called ("Toxins") which are detrimental to plant growth? This question has occupied the minds of workers interested in crop production for a number of years. There was considerable controversy among research workers during the early ninteen- hundreds about the existence of toxins; it is now fairly well accepted that there are substances in soil which, under certain conditions, can be harmful to plant growth. These organic compounds or phytotoxic compounds in soils and plants have been isolated and studied using new techniques such as paper, gas and column chromatography and infra-red spectrophotometry. The purpose of this paper is to review research on microbiological decomposition products and organic substances in plant and soil residues which are known to be inhibitive to plant growth. An attempt has been made in this paper to review all the literature available so far on this subject.
Práticas educacionais colaborativas em saúde mediadas pelas tecnologias da informação e comunicação: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Guedes Ana Cristina Carneiro Menezes , Valente Tânia Cristina de Oliveira
Published: October 2023

O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar elementos estruturantes do processo de trabalho das redes educacionais colaborativas em saúde mediadas por tecnologias de informação e comunicação, assinalando suas características-chave e sua dinâmica de funcionamento. Trata-se de uma revisão de escopo, realizada nas bases de dados: Medline, Lilacs e no portal Oasisbr. Foram encontrados 1.499 estudos, dos quais, oito atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. Os resultados da investigação apontam as práticas educacionais colaborativas em saúde mediados por essas tecnologias como processos amplos e complexos, envolvendo a associação de diversos fatores. Destacam-se a dimensão técnico-pedagógica, a gestão estratégica, o gerenciamento do fluxo de informações, os aspectos relacionais, as competências de cada membro e a mediação do processo colaborativo. A integração dos diferentes aspectos da rede traduz um conjunto de desafios para a estruturação dos processos colaborativos que não se limita à pura acumulação cognitiva, mas vincula-se a processos de aprendizagem e desenvolvimento dos sujeitos.
Implementing Holistic Mission within The Frame of Religious Moderation
Authors: Sukarna Timotius , Okoi Ibiang O. Okoi O.
Published: October 2023

The Indonesian government issued a new concept of the religiosity called religious moderation. Religious conflicts that occur as a result of religious radicalism that arise due to economic, social, and political factors are the reason for the issuance of this discourse. Carrying out the mission holistically is one of the solutions to the problems mentioned above. This article was written with the aim of explaining how to carry out a holistic mission within the framework of religious moderation in Indonesia. Through library studies, this research examines literature related to holistic mission, religious moderation, and related themes. The finding showed that efforts to carry out a holistic mission within the framework of religious moderation in Indonesia can be carried out in a number of ways understanding General Revelation as a media of preaching the Gospel, prioritizing human values, and implementing multicultural education in Christian churches and schools.
BEBAN KEBIJAKAN DI BUMN DAN REFORMASI BUMN
Authors: Muhtar Muhtar , Achsanta Aldy Fariz
Published: October 2023

Polemics over the management of State Owned Enterprises in various parts of the world, which are full of inefficiency and expropriation by politicians, have prompted major reforms, both in terms of ownership structure and the implementation of good corporate governance. It is hoped that with these reforms, the governance of State Owned Enterprises will become more efficient and transparent. However, the reform of State Owned Enterprises through changes in ownership structure without removing the burden of policy actually makes the privatized State Owned Enterprises perform worse due to being trapped in the soft budget syndrome. Thus, the reform of State Owned Enterprises actually invites a lot of skepticism in several countries. Therefore, this study examines the previous literature that presents empirical and theoretical facts regarding the management of State Owned Enterprises around the world. Based on the previous literature review, State Owned Enterprise reform will be nil if it is not followed by removing the burden of policy. The burden of the policy will be a hindrance for State Owned Enterprises in carrying out efficiency so that State Owned Enterprises will find it difficult to compete with private companies in the market and tend to rely on subsidies or capital assistance from the government to survive.

 Keywords :State Owned Enterprise, Policy, reformation
Study on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on stunting program implementation (sensitive and specific programs) in Sleman Regency
Authors: Rosilia Gifani , Renita Renita , Kusuma Riyanti Dina , Primastuti Dewi Nugraha , Helmyati Siti
Published: October 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic is a new challenge for the implementation of stunting intervention in Indonesia. Therefore, monitoring the stunting program implementation during a pandemic is crucial to achieving the target of stunting reduction. This research aims to examine the pandemic’s impacts on the implementation of specific and sensitive programs, especially posyandu, iron supplementation, PMT, and Sustainable Food Program(SFG). Method, qualitative research uses a Case-Study with 17 informants selected by purposive sampling, including the stakeholders and program’s target in the working area of Tempel 2 Health Center.  Data in the form of interview transcripts and other documents were collected using in-depth interviews and documentation studies in November-December 2021 and were analyzed in 3 stages: reduction, presentation, and conclusion. Result, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected specific nutrition interventions, especially in the planning, implementation, and scope of activities. It relates to social difficulties and concerns over the spread of COVID-19. In the implementation of SFG program, the pandemic does not have a significant impact. It can be interpreted that COVID-19 pandemic affects several aspect of the stunting program’s implementation. This study suggests the stakelhoders and communities to optimize the implementation of stunting intervention so it can run sustainably to reduce stunting prevalences.
Athlete and coach’s perspectives on sports nutritionists’ role in enhancing sports performance in Indonesia Sports Training Centers
Authors: Penggalih Mirza Hapsari Sakti Titis , Trisnantoro Laksono , Sofro Zaenal Muttaqien , Dewinta Mustika Cahya Nirmala , Syarifah Naila Alfi , Solichah Kurnia Mar'atus
Published: October 2023

The role of a nutritionist as a sportsman was a legal mandate listed on Law No. 3 of 2005 in Article 63 concerning the National Sports System, stated that nutritionists are one of the sports personnel. However, the implementation of the nutritionist's role in the athlete training center was still lacking. The importance of nutritionist existence ought to be assessed to explore the perception of athletes and coaches.  Qualitative approach was used to analyze focus group discussions on 15 athletes and 10 coaches located in 3 cities in Indonesia (Jakarta, Yogyakarta, Malang). Results, the acceptance of the food in the training center are satisfactory even though some still eat out. More knowledge concerning nutrition, performance, and posture are obtained from in-class education, brochure, personal counselling, and small talk by the presence of nutritionists. Conclusion,  athletes and coaches perceive that nutritionists are urgently necessary for optimum nutrition support to enhance sports performance.
Tensile Properties of Luffa Acutangula Reinforced Polymer Composite
Authors:   Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Indor Christopher Joyle , Kuan Hoo Tien Nicholas ,   Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, San Yeo Freddy Kuok ,   Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Afiq Mohd Khairul ,   Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
Published: October 2023

In recent years, there has been a growing trend in the popularity of natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites (NFRPC). Numerous researchers have put forward various alternatives to synthetic fibers. Luffa is one of the many natural fibers can be integrated into NFRPCs. Luffa with its unique interconnecting branch (mat/mesh) is suitable for NFRPCs. In this study, luffa reinforced high-density polyethylene (Luffa/HDPE) composite was fabricated using compression molding machine. In the preparation of the fiber, Luffa were cylindrically cut-out and opened into sheets form. The fiber was then laminated with high-density polyethylene (HDPE) film using compression molding method. The proposed fabricated composite consisting of a fiber volume fraction (FVF) of 7%, 14%, 21%, 27% and 30%. Tensile properties of the Luffa/HDPE composite were determined. SEM was used to study the interlamination and delamination of the composite. Tensile test shows that the increase of FVF enhanced the tensile strength of Luffa/HDPE composite. Tensile strength has gradually increased from 7 % to 21 % FVF. Though, tensile strength declines after 21% FVF.
Failure Mode Effect Analysis in Turning of Mild Steel Under MQL Condition
Authors:   University of Malaysia Sarawak, Mazlan Mohd Rhafiq , Yassin Abdullah ,   University of Malaysia Sarawak, Abang Kamaruddin Abang Mohammad Nizam ,   University of Malaysia Sarawak
Published: October 2023

FMEA was commonly used to improve production quality by reducing workplace failures and preventing them from happening. Nowadays, tool failures are the most common problems that can be found in the machining practice. Hence, FMEA was used to reduce tool failure occurrence and improve the production quality. In this paper, FMEA analysis was done for a turning process of mild steel. Several turning operations were done, and the failure mode and failure effect were identified. Then, the tool failure effect was studied, and the causes were generated using the Ishikawa diagram. The occurrence, severity, and detection rating were assigned, and the Risk Priority Number (RPN) was generated. FMEA Risk Matrix was used to help provide a visual aid for classifying and categorizing the level of risk. The highest risk was then identified from the highest RPN value, and the cause and prevention methods were generated for each failure effect cause. This study can be used as a guide or reference in the turning process practice for a more effective process.
An Experimental Investigation of Fatigue Performance for A Flexure Spring
Authors:   Design and Technology University, Bhoyar Suraj , Sahare Sudarshan ,   Design and Technology University, Bhojwani Virendra ,   Design and Technology University, Sanap Sudarshan ,   Design and Technology University, Kulkarni Sunil ,   University of Dayton
Published: October 2023

In order to prevent a free-piston Stirling cryocooler failure during mission life, the flexure spring's fatigue life is most critical and important. In the current research, an effort is made to examine fatigue life. The fatigue life testing of cryocooler flexures is frequently discussed in the literature. However, more information is needed about the economic approach and hardware needed for the testing. This research paper adopts the FEA approach of flexure spring and outlines the criteria for flexure fatigue testing. A moving coil linear motor was also designed and selected for the oscillating shaft and bending special-purpose flexure spring stack to validate stiffness criteria. The 108 no. of cycles required to validate the fatigue limit were also attained using the approach in a few days when testing at a relatively high frequency.
An Experimental Investigation On Converting Conventional to Supercharged CI Engine
Authors:   R.V. College of Engineering, Ganesh N. Balaji , P.V Sri Hari ,   R.V. College of Engineering
Published: October 2023

Due to the increase in grounds performance of internal combustion engines, the diesel engine has become dominant forces in the power, propulsion, and energy. For domestic, industrial, and transportation applications, internal combustion engines are the more reliable and misogynist power source. Diesel engines rely on fluid Spritz dynamics for air-fuel mixtures and swirl plays a crucial role in the pattern of air motion as impacts fuel air mixing and combustion. Further-more, older studies have indicated that it affects heat transfer, combustion efficiency, and engine emissions. By varying air inlet pressure, this work demonstrates the presentation and production features of Compression Ignition engines. Using compressor, the inlet pressure of air is manipulated, and when compressed air is sent to engine at different pressures, performance parameters and heat balance sheets are calculated.
A Numerical Model for Analysis of Heat Transfer in MHD Casson Fluid with Radiation and Viscous Dissipation
Authors:   GITAM School of Science, Shankar Gollapalli , Sheri Siva Reddy ,   GITAM School of Science
Published: October 2023

This article is, concerned a numerical model for analysis of heat transfer (HT) in MHD Casson fluid (CF) with radiation and viscous dissipation. The governing PDE's are developed for the physical model and converted into non-dimensional form and then with the help of Galerkin finite element method (GFEM) solution is obtained. The impact of dimensionless parameters which are supervising the flow such as Magnetic parameter , Casson parameter ( ) thermal Grashof number Permeability of porous medium Prandtl number Heat absorption parameter Viscous dissipation and Radiation parameter are analyzed through graphs for fluid properties. The results obtained were compared with earlier reported results for correctness.
Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD) of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (Mwcnts) Onto Carbon Fiber (CF) Fabric
Authors:   Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Ervina J , Hamdan S ,   Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Rahman MR ,   Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
Published: October 2023

The Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite (FRPC) has been widely employed in structural applications. However, adding nanoparticles such as multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) can be used to improve the composites' mechanical properties substantially. The purpose of this study is to investigate the stability of MWCNTs in distilled water (DW) and dimethylformamide (DMF). Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) was chosen as the method for depositing MWCNTs onto carbon fiber (CF) fabric because of the advantages of simple equipment and inexpensive cost. Thus, the effect of voltage and deposition time were examined to attain the ideal condition for the EPD of MWCNTs onto CF fabric. The stability of dispersed MWCNTs in various dispersing mediums was explored as the importance of the MWCNTs to remain stable in the medium is essential to achieve homogeneous deposition. The UV-Vis and colloidal stability test revealed that MWCNTs dispersed in DMF have greater stability than DW. Scanning Electrode Microscopy (SEM) images exhibited that 10 minutes and a 20 V voltage were the optimal conditions for the deposition of MWCNTs onto CF fabric.
Design Optimization of Components for Additive Manufacturing-Repair: An Exploration of Artificial Neural Network Requirements and Application
Authors:   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Habeeb Hiyam Adi , Abd Wahab Dzuraidah ,   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Azman Abdul Hadi ,   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Alkahari Mohd Rizal ,   Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
Published: October 2023

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in additive manufacturing (AM) technology is currently a promising and leading area of research for component repair and restoration. The Issues of high cost and time consumption for AM repair have been a subject of discussion among researchers in this field of study. Moreover, the potential challenges in dealing with complex components for repair and restoration in the (AM) domain require the establishment of a critical technical platform based on hybrid (AI). At this point, the proposed optimization method must cover all important parameters for the complex configuration of structural components under restoration. For the purpose of this study, a design optimization framework was developed using a MATLAB-SIMULINK mathematical model for AM solution purposes by improving the functionality and integration of monitoring. This improvement is based on facilitating the real-time identification of failures with accuracy and giving a clear monitoring vision according to the intended targets like geometric distortions, residual stresses evaluation, and defect characterization. The improvement involves overcoming a number of challenges such as the pre-fabrication stage by expanding the data repository besides offering a theoretical set of algorithmic with some options that improve the current procedure. Also, this study will conclude and suggest a further framework and new knowledge for restoration and product life cycle extension. This developed ANN can be used at the real pace of modeling the MATLAB-Simulink system and merged with another suitable algorithm to form a hybrid ANN. This model development using a neural network has attained a good manipulation of AM. The predicted data from ANN model that was determined and achieved in this study can be used to facilitate and enhance any further study as base knowledge in merging the ANN with another AI to form a hybrid algorithm.
Wireless Hybrid Vehicle Three-Phase Motor Diagnosis Using Z-Freq Due to Unbalance Fault
Authors:   Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Ngatiman N. A. , Othman M.N.B. ,   Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Nuawi M. Z. ,   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Published: October 2023

Online diagnostics of three phase motor rotor faults of hybrid vehicle can be identified using a method called machine learning. Unfortunately, there is still a constraint in achieving a high success rate because a huge volume of training data is required. These faults were represented on its frequency content throughout the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm to observe data acquired from multi-signal sensors. At that point, these failure-induced faults studies were improved using an enhanced statistical frequency-based analysis named Z-freq to optimize the study. This analysis is an investigation of the frequency domain of data acquired from the turbine blade after it runs under a specific condition. During the experiment, the faults were simulated by equipment with all those four conditions including normal mode. The failure induced by fault signals from static, coupled and dynamic were measured using high sensitivity, space-saving and a durable piezo-based sensor called a wireless accelerometer. The obtained result and analysis showed a significant pattern in the coefficient value and distribution of Z-freq data scattered for all flaws. Finally, the simulation and experimental output were verified and validated in a series of performance metrics tests using accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for prediction purposes. This outcome has a great prospect to diagnose and monitor hybrid electric motor wirelessly.
ОГЛЯДОВА СТАТТЯ ОСНОВНІ АСПЕКТИ ФІЗІОЛОГІНИХ ТА БІОХМІЧНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ В ОРГАНІЗМІ ГІДРОБІОНТІВ В АДАПТАЦІЙНО-КОМПЕНСАТОРНИЙ ПЕРІОД
Authors: Гончарова Олена
Published: October 2023

The article presents aspects of physiological and biochemical processes in the organism of hydrobionts during their adaptation. The ways of regulation of the main functions in their body are considered: neuro-humoral, biochemical, impulse conduction (cent
ЯКІСТЬ І БЕЗПЕЧНІСТЬ М’ЯЗОВОЇ ТКАНИНИ ТА ПЕЧІНКИ СВИНЕЙ ЗА ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ТРИТИКАЛЕ В РАЦІОНІ
Authors: Ковальова Світлана , Савчук Іван
Published: October 2023

The research is devoted to the justification of the use of grain mixtures containing different amounts of triticale in the diets of young pigs of the large white breed and determining their impact on the quality and safety of pig farming products during t
1939 ERZİNCAN DEPREMİ’NİN TÜRKİYE BÜYÜK MİLLET MECLİSİ FAALİYETLERİNE YANSIMASI
Authors: DOĞAN Oğuz Kaan , DOĞAN Bekir Gökhan
Published: October 2023

27 Aralık 1939 tarihinde Erzincan ili merkezli olarak meydana deprem, Türkiye’nin doğusunda büyük bir yıkıma yol açmıştır. Depremin olduğu gün Hükümet, Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisini (TBMM) bilgilendirmiş, depremden iki hafta sonra deprem felaketine ilişkin ilk kanun çıkarılmıştır. TBMM, depremin etkilerini gidermek amacıyla 1940-1948 yılları arasında 11 kanun çıkarmıştır. Kanun yapma faaliyetinin yanı sıra depremzedelere yardım için Meclis bünyesinde Milli Yardım Komitesi kurulmuştur. Ayrıca milletvekilleri, Hükümet faaliyetlerini denetleme kapsamında bakanlara soru sorarak ve kanun teklifleri üzerine yapılan görüşmelerde söz alarak Hükümeti denetleme ve bilgi edinme mekanizmasını işletmişlerdir. Hükümet’in, II. Dünya Savaşı’nın başlamasından hemen sonra meydana gelen depremin zararlarını gidermek için, kısıtlı bütçe olanaklarına rağmen ülke genelinde imkânlarını seferber ettiği Meclis kayıtlarından tespit edilmiştir. TBMM’nin de depremin zararlarının giderilmesine ilişkin olarak 8 yıl süren kanun çıkarma faaliyetleri esnasında başarılı olarak değerlendirilecek çalışmalar yaptığı görülmektedir. Bu makalenin amacı, 1939 Erzincan Depreminin yol açtığı zararların giderilmesi ile ilgili olarak TBMM’nin hangi faaliyetleri gerçekleştirdiğini araştırmaktır.
ULUSLARARASI AFET HUKUKU: GELİŞİMİ, AMAÇLARI, KAPSAMI, ELEŞTİRİLERİ
Authors: DEMİRCİ Kıvanç , ERAT Veysel
Published: October 2023

Afet; canlı yaşamını durduran veya kesintiye uğratan, yerel kaynaklarla mücadele etmenin mümkün olmadığı, can ve mal kayıpları meydana getiren doğal, teknolojik ve insan kaynaklı olaylar olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Dünya genelinde yaşanan afetler sayı ve şiddet bakımından günden güne artış göstermekle birlikte teknolojik, askeri ve sosyolojik gelişmeler de afet tiplerini çeşitlendirerek kriz yönetimini zor hale getirmiştir. Afetlerin yıkıcı etkilerinden kaynaklanan can ve mal kayıplarını en aza indirmek amacıyla ulusal ve uluslararası çeşitli çalışmalar gerçekleştirilmektedir.

Afet kaynaklı kriz durumlarına müdahale süreçlerindeki bürokratik engelleri aşma, acil durum koordinasyonunu etkin kılma, afet hukukundan kaynaklı sorumluluk standartlarını belirleme amaçlarıyla kabul edilen Uluslararası Afet Hukuku (IDRL) da bu çalışmalar arasında yer almaktadır. Bu bağlamda, IDRL’nin gelişim süreçleri, hedefleri ve mevcut yapısına ilişkin eleştirilerin açıklanması çalışmanın temel amacını oluşturmaktadır.

Araştırmada IDRL’nin; risk analizi, kurumlararası koordinasyon ve uluslararası afet hukukunu standartlaştırması konularında önemli ilkeler içerdiği; etkin bir şekilde uygulanması durumunda toplumsal afet direncini artıracağı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Esnek hukuk normlarını içermesi, yardımcı aktör mekanizmasını ilkeler arasında detaylı bir şekilde ele alması, kabul edilen hükümlerin iç hukuka aktarılmasında yetersiz kalması gibi durumlar uyum düzeyini ve etkinliği düşüren nedenler arasında sıralanmıştır.
ULUSLARARASI HUKUKTA AFET DURUMUNDA UYGULANACAK HUKUK KURALLARI İLE İLGİLİ STANDARTLARI BELİRLEME ÇALIŞMALARI BAĞLAMINDA “ULUSLARARASI AFET HUKUKU PROJESİ”
Authors: ŞAFAK Erdi
Published: October 2023

6 Şubat 2023 Kahramanmaraş merkezli depremler, başta Türkiye olmak üzere Suriye’de de binlerce insanın ölümüne ve bölgede büyük bir yıkıma neden olmuştur. Her yıl dünyanın her yerinde birçok insan, deprem ve diğer doğal afetlerden olumsuz yönde etkilenmektedir. Örneğin, 2004 Hint Okyanusu tsunamisi, 2005 Katrina Kasırgası, 2010 Haiti depremi ve 2011 Japon depremi ve tsunamisi dahil olmak üzere büyük doğal afetler, dünyanın dikkatini, afetleri önleme ve müdahale etme konusunda yeterli ulusal ve uluslararası yasal çerçevelere sahip olmanın önemine odaklamıştır. Doğal afetlerle mücadele etme konusunda ulusal mevzuat, afet riskinin azaltılmasının teşvik edilmesinde ve desteklenmesinde olduğu kadar, afet müdahalesinin hız ve etkililiğinin sağlanmasında da çok önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Ancak afetlerle mücadele konusunda, afetlerin etkileri nedeniyle ulusal mevzuat yeterli kalamayıp, uluslararası bazı düzenlemelere de ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu bağlamda uluslararası sistemde, uluslararası afet hukuku ilgili çalışmalar önem kazanmış olup, bu çalışmalar doğal tehlikelerin yanı sıra büyük ölçekli kazalar ve insan kaynaklı felaketlere hazırlık, müdahale ve iyileştirmeden kaynaklanan yasal konulara da odaklanmaktadır. Uluslararası afet hukuku çalışmaları ile ilgili olarak Uluslararası Kızılay – Kızılhaç Teşkilatları Federasyonu (IFRC) tarafından başlatılan, “Uluslararası Afet Hukuku Projesi (International disaster response law (IDRL)) ile evrensel hukuk kuralları belirlemeye çalışılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Uluslararası afet hukukunun önemi ve Uluslararası Afet Hukuku Projesi ile projenin ötesinde afetler ile ilgili olarak “koruma sorumluluğu” konuları irdelenecektir.
DOĞAL AFETLER VE ULUSLARARASI HUKUK: AFET DURUMUNDA KİŞİLERİN KORUNMASINA İLİŞKİN TASLAK MADDELER VE İNSAN HAKLARI
Authors: ÇELİK Elif
Published: October 2023

Uluslararası hukukun, yakın zamana kadar doğal afetler konusunda somut bir zemin sağlamak bakımından dağınık ve sistemsiz bir karakter arz ettiği görüşü hakimdir. Bu hukuk dalı bakımından doğal afetler konusu uzunca bir süre insancıl yardım ve destek bağlamıyla sınırlı kalmış ve egemen devletler bu yönde hak ve yükümlülük taahhütleri altına girmekten imtina etmişlerdir. Ne var ki, doğal afetlerin son yıllarda dünya genelinde giderek artan görünümü, uluslararası hukuk mekanizmalarını bu yönde yeni ve hak temelli arayışlara yöneltmiştir. Bu bağlamda uluslararası insan hakları hukukunun sağladığı standart ve güvenceler kilit bir rol oynar niteliktedir. Nitekim insan hakları temelli bir yaklaşım, Uluslararası Hukuk Komisyonu’nun yakın zamanlı bir çalışmasının ürünü olan Afet Durumunda Kişilerin Korunmasına İlişkin Taslak Maddeler’de açık bir biçimde gözlemlenebilmektedir. Bu çalışma, uluslararası afet hukukuna ilişkin mevcut enstrümanları tarihsel olarak ele almanın akabinde, çalışmanın başlığına konu olan Taslak Maddeler’in kısa bir değerlendirmesini sunacaktır.
DAYANIŞMA VE YARDIMLAŞMA KAVRAMLARI ÜZERİNDEN DEPREM SEFERBERLİĞİ
Authors: ÖZELER SEZİCİ Neslihan
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışma, tarihimizin en şiddetli depremlerinden biri olan 6 Şubat 2023 Kahramanmaraş depremi sebebiyle, ülkemizin tüm kesimlerinin dahil olduğu maddi ve manevi yardım faaliyetleriyle gündeme gelen “dayanışma” kavramının, sosyoloji, felsefe ve hukuk perspektifinden kısa bir analizini yapma amacındadır. Bu bağlamda dayanışma kavramının unsurlarına değinerek deprem sonrasındaki seferberliğin dayanışma olarak nitelendirilip nitelendirilmeyeceği değerlendirilecektir. Çalışmanın temel iddiası bu faaliyetlerin “dayanışmadan” (solidarity) ziyade “yardımlaşma” (charity) kavramına uygun olduğudur. Dayanışma, yardımlaşmayı içeren ancak bununla yetinmeyen bir kavram olarak, modern çağın sorunlarına daha etkili, sürdürülebilir ve kalıcı çözümler sağlamaktadır. Eksik bir dayanışma faaliyeti olarak yardımlaşma ise hem zaman hem de miktar olarak sınırlı ve palyatif çözümlerle yetinmek durumundadır.
AFET MEVZUATINDAN KAYNAKLANAN YAPISAL SORUNLAR: TEŞKİLAT, İMAR AFLARI VE YAPI DENETİMİ
Authors: SEVER Dilşad Çiğdem
Published: October 2023

Türkiye’de başta deprem olmak üzere doğal afetlerin gerçekleşmesi beklenmedik bir durum değildir. Bu tür doğal olayları baş edilmesi güç bir afet haline getiren ve bu denli büyük yıkımlara yol açan, risk azaltmak için gerekli önlemlerin alınmaması ve dirençlilik oluşturulmamasıdır. Türkiye’de cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarından beri düzenleme konusu olan afetlerle ilgili mevzuat dağınık bir görünüme sahiptir ve bütüncül politika veya uygulamalar geliştirilmesi için elverişli değildir. Afet risklerinin azaltılması için sağlıklı bir kentleşme ve yapı üretimi sürecinin güvence altına alınması ve buna uygun bir yapı oluşturulması gerekir. Buna karşılık, Türkiye’de 1950’lerden itibaren özel teşkilat oluşturulan afet idareleri etkili olamamış, 2009 yılında AFAD kurularak farklı işlevlerin bu idare altında toplanması da yeterli olmamıştır. Diğer yandan, çok sayıda imar affı ile ruhsatsız veya ruhsata aykırı yapı korunmuş, kentsel dönüşüm süreçleri amaca uygun şekilde gerçekleşmemiştir. 2018 yılında uygulanan imar barışı sonucunda verilen yapı kayıt belgelerinin sayıca fazlalığı ve denetimsiz bir alan yaratması dirençlilik konusundaki güçlükleri artırmıştır. İmar barışı düzenlemelerinde yer alan ve depreme dayanıklılığın malikin sorumluluğu olduğu hükmü idarenin sorumluluğunu ortadan kaldırmadığı gibi, tam tersine kayıt altına alınan bu ruhsatsız yapılarda riskin öngörülmesi daha mümkün hale gelmiştir. Dirençli kentleşmenin önünde bu şekilde bir engel oluşturan imar aflarına eşlik eden yapı denetimi süreçleri sorunu daha büyük hale getirmiştir. Yapı denetim şirketlerine devredilen bu işlevin kamusal niteliği gözetilmeksizin yapılan yasal düzenlemeler bu denetimin yeterince etkili olmasını sağlayamamıştır. Tüm bu yapısal sorunlar afet riski azaltmayı giderek zor hale getirmiştir.
6 ŞUBAT DEPREMLERİNİN ARDINDAN TOPLUMSAL CİNSİYET VE KADIN HAKLARI PERSPEKTİFİNDEN BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: BEŞPINAR Fatma Umut , BEŞPINAR Lütfiye Zeynep
Published: October 2023

6 Şubat 2023 tarihinde Türkiye’nin 11 ilinde yaşanan depremlerin ardından, deprem kuşağında bulunan ve yakın tarihinde bu nedenle çok ciddi kayıplar vermiş olan ülkemizde, önceki deneyimlerden ders çıkarılmadığına toplumun tüm kesimleri tanık olmuştur. Çalışma, toplumsal cinsiyet ve kadın hakları perspektifinden, bu depremleri izleyen süreçte ortaya çıkan eksik ve hatalı uygulamaları değerlendirmektedir. Yaşanan yıkımın boyutları, etkilenen nüfusun büyüklüğü ve coğrafyanın genişliği, afet sonrası “iyileş(tir)me ve yeniden inşa” sürecinin zamana yayılacağı saptamasına dayanarak, çalışmanın amacı, mevcut durumun toplumsal cinsiyet perspektifinden nesnel bir değerlendirmesini yapmaktadır. Böylece sorunlu ve eksik müdahale ve uygulamaların yanında, uluslararası ve ulusal düzenlemelerin gerektirdiği standartlarla bağdaşmayan yaklaşımların da deşifre edilmesi sağlanacak ve afet riski yönetimine ilişkin planlama, mevzuat ve yönetmeliklerle, sahadaki uygulamaların toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliğinin sağlanmasına yönelik dönüştürülmesi ve iyileştirilmesine dönük tartışmaya katkı sunulmaktır. Bu kapsamda, afet çalışmalarında benimsenen afet öncesi, afet sırası ve afet sonrası aşamaları takip edilmektedir. Bu metinde, toplumsal cinsiyet perspektifinden afetleri inceleyen akademik literatür ve benzer bir yaklaşımı benimseyen uluslararası düzenlemelere dayanarak bir çerçeve oluşturulmuştur ve Türkiye’deki afet strateji ve eylem planları ile ilgili mevzuat irdelenmektedir. Daha sonra ise konu ile ilgili alanda çalışmalar yürüten STK’ların raporlarına dayanarak, deprem sonrası durum tespitine odaklanılmaktadır. Son olarak toplumsal cinsiyet ve kadın haklarına duyarlı bir afet yönetimine dair önerilere yer verilmektedir.
Special tutorials to support pre-service mathematics teachers learning differential equations and mathematical modelling
Authors: Guo William
Published: October 2023

Special tutorials both online and off-line were experimented in order to provide extra support for the senior pre-service mathematics teachers at an Australian regional university to improve their learning experience and achieve the best possible learning outcomes in an advanced mathematics course focusing on solving ordinary differential equations and applying mathematical modelling. Two types of special tutorials were offered to the students, the progressive tutorials on solving the same problem with different methods according to the learning progression and student’s instant requests, and the targeted tutorials to address the common problems shared by many students in attempting questions in the formal assessments. The experiments on these special tutorials indicated that the targeted tutorials were immensely useful for the students to either expand the scientific knowledge related to a real-world scenario described by words so as to begin problem solving with correct setting-ups or streamline multiple mathematical processes together to solve a complicated real-world problem described in words. This approach motivated most students to achieve their best possible learning outcomes. The progressive tutorials were effective in addressing student’s curiosity of solving the same problem by multiple techniques and hence improving student’s mathematical thinking and problem-solving skills in general. This exploratory study also found that there were common problems with a lack of general science knowledge and retention of the previously learnt mathematical techniques among most students. There also existed a portion of students who showed no interest in engaging with learning regardless of how much extra learning support provided to them.
The Evaluation of Cash Waqf Linked Sukuk (CWLS) Retail Implementation and Its Potential Effects on Socioeconomic Development
Authors: KHALİFAH Mohamad Handi , ASLAN Hakan
Published: October 2023

Purpose - The study aims to evaluate the potential of the CWLS Retail instrument to promote socioeconomic development in Indonesia in the Islamic social finance system.

Methodology - Qualitative descriptive approaches are used in this study to investigate government papers, scientific publications on the subject, and the outcomes of previous studies.

Findings – Indonesia expands its Islamic finance investor base, particularly among the millennial generation (Gen-Y), CWLS. Indonesia's commitment to advancing the National Waqf Movement, encouraging social investment, and growing productive waqf in Indonesia is demonstrated by the issuance of CWLS Retail. It was found that CWLS had a significant impact on the socioeconomic development of Indonesia.

Conclusion – Indonesia needs to expand its investor base and promote CWLS Retail product innovation, considering divergent opinions among scholars. CWLS Retail innovation can be further developed using various models to adjust a region's or country's social and economic structure.
Kehamilan Di Luar Nikah Dalam Perspektif Katolik: Studi Berdasarkan Kitab Hukum Kanonik (KHK)
Authors: Setiawan Alfonsus Christ , Bei Lena Meo Yohanes Wilson
Published: October 2023

This study aims to provide a discussion regarding the resolution of problems of premarital sexual relations which lead to pregnancy out of wedlock according to the perspective of the KHK and the Catholic Church's understanding of marriage. The research method used is qualitative research with a literature study approach and interpretive phenomenological analysis from Paul Ricoeur. This study found that pregnancy outside of marriage is not an obstacle to marriage (Kan. 1083 – 1094). However, it is necessary to pay further attention to the marriage agreement, so that defects do not occur in the marriage agreement (Can. 1095 – 1107). For this reason, there needs to be a persuasive dialogue between women who are pregnant out of wedlock and their marriage partners. In addition, children who are the fruit of pre-marital pregnancies are still entitled to their rights as a child without being excluded from anything. This is because pregnancy outside of marriage is a moral problem with regard to sexual relations outside of marriage. This moral problem does not always have to be resolved by marriage, especially when the marriage occurs because of compulsion which will cause the marriage agreement to be flawed according to the KHK. Thus it is necessary to form a solution based on a joint decision.

Keywords: code of canon law; marriage law; sexual relations; unwed pregnancy

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pembahasan mengenai penyelesaian persoalan relasi seksual pra nikah yang berujung pada kehamilan di luar nikah menurut perspektif KHK dan paham pernikahan Gereja Katolik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka dan analisis fenomenologi interpretatif dari Paul Ricoeur. Penelitian ini menemukan, kehamilan di luar nikah tidak menjadi halangan pernikahan (Kan. 1083 – 1094). Namun demikian perlu diperhatikan lebih lanjut mengenai kesepakatan nikah, supaya tidak terjadi cacat dalam kesepakatan nikah (Kan. 1095 – 1107). Untuk itu perlu ada dialog persuasif antara perempuan yang hamil di luar nikah dengan pasangan nikah. Selain itu anak yang merupakan buah dari kehamilan pra nikah tetap berhak mendapatkan haknya sebagai seorang anak tanpa dikecualikan dari apa pun. Hal ini dikarenakan kehamilan di luar nikah adalah problem moral berkenaan dengan relasi seksual di luar nikah. Problem moral ini tidak selalu harus diselesaikan dengan pernikahan terlebih ketika pernikahan itu terjadi karena keterpaksaan yang akan menyebabkan perjanjian nikah menjadi cacat menurut KHK. Dengan demikian perlu dibentuk suatu penyelesaian berdasarkan keputusan bersama.

Kata kunci: hukum pernikahan; kehamilan pranikah; kitab hukum kanonik; relasi seksual
Politik Hukum Tindak Pidana Perpajakan dalam Perspektif Restorative Justice
Authors: Ardiansyah Ardiansyah , Wahyudin Wahyudin
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the study is to analyze the conceptual punishment with the principle of restorative justice in connection with the legal politic of criminal taxation. The method of research conducted in this paper is a normative juridical method. The approach method used in this research is a conceptual approach and a statutory approach. The results of the study concluded that the legal politic of tax crime in the perspective of restorative justice is in the form of expanding the ultimum remedium opportunity which was originally only up to the investigation stage, extended to the trial stage. Furthermore, to promote restorative justice, recovery of losses to state revenues must be prioritized over imprisonment by taking into account: Prosecutor's authority to prosecute;  Judge's decision authority; Criminal fines are not subsidized; Authority of Tax Investigators to confiscate assets. From the perspective of restorative justice, recovery of losses to state revenues is prioritized over imprisonment. In solving tax crimes that prioritize restorative justice, it is in line with the government's efforts to increase taxation for the benefit of development. The concept of restorative justice can provide a way out for efforts to increase state revenue from the tax sector.
Kepemilikan Common Property Pada Pengetahuan Tradisional
Authors: Wijaya Andy Usmina , Wibowo Dani Teguh , Hadi Fikri
Published: October 2023

This article discusses the concept of traditional knowledge and examines policy directions related to common property in Indonesia. Protection of traditional knowledge is not only the existence of intellectual works produced by indigenous peoples, but solely due to environmental factors and indigenous peoples which give special characteristics to products produced by an indigenous community. Thus traditional knowledge can provide protection to an object that is part of common property and not part of private property. This research is normative juridical research with a conceptual approach related to copyright and common property. The results of the study show that the concept of collective-communal ownership basically originates from the existence of a community unit that feels a sense of togetherness in owning something with the same interests and refers to the existence of rights that can be enjoyed by many people or groups. Meanwhile, in relation to traditional knowledge as part of common property, it can be interpreted that society as a whole has the same opportunity to enjoy the potential contained in this traditional knowledge. From the study of collective and communal concepts in the realm of customary law, the ownership of traditional knowledge is inherent in collective communal characteristics. The existence of this special characteristic of ownership indicates the need for the development of principles in the realm of copyright. Therefore, Indonesia should have a law specifically related to common property.