bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neuroforensomics: metabolites as valuable biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid of lethal traumatic brain injuries
Authors: Bohnert Simone , Reinert Christoph , Trella Stefanie , Cattaneo Andrea , Preiß Ulrich , Bohnert Michael , Zwirner Johann , Büttner Andreas , Schmitz Werner , Ondruschka Benjamin
Published: June 2024

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a ubiquitous, common sequela of accidents with an annual prevalence of several million cases worldwide. In forensic pathology, structural proteins of the cellular compartments of the CNS in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have been predominantly used so far as markers of an acute trauma reaction for the biochemical assessment of neuropathological changes after TBI. The analysis of endogenous metabolites offers an innovative approach that has not yet been considered widely in the assessment of causes and circumstances of death, for example after TBI. The present study, therefore, addresses the question whether the detection of metabolites by liquid-chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) analysis in post mortem CSF is suitable to identify TBI and to distinguish it from acute cardiovascular control fatalities (CVF). Metabolite analysis of 60 CSF samples collected during autopsies was performed using high resolution (HR)-LC/MS. Subsequent statistical and graphical evaluation as well as the calculation of a TBI/CVF quotient yielded promising results: numerous metabolites were identified that showed significant concentration differences in the post mortem CSF for lethal acute TBI (survival times up to 90 min) compared to CVF. For the first time, this forensic study provides an evaluation of a new generation of biomarkers for diagnosing TBI in the differentiation to other causes of death, here CVF, as surrogate markers for the post mortem assessment of complex neuropathological processes in the CNS (“neuroforensomics”).
The physiological levels of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) enhance the Cd-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in CHO-K1 cells
Authors: Wnuk Ewa , Zwolak Iwona , Kochanowicz Elzbieta
Published: June 2024

Currently, the increasing pollution of the environment by heavy metals is observed, caused both by natural factors and those related to human activity. They pose a significant threat to human health and life. It is therefore important to find an effective way of protecting organisms from their adverse effects. One potential product showing a protective effect is green tea. It has been shown that EGCG, which is found in large amounts in green tea, has strong antioxidant properties and can therefore protect cells from the adverse effects of heavy metals. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the effect of EGCG on cells exposed to Cd. In the study, CHO-K1 cells (Chinese hamster ovary cell line) were treated for 24 h with Cd (5 and 10 µM) and EGCG (0.5 and 1 µM) together or separately. Cell viability, ATP content, total ROS activity, mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis potential were determined. The results showed that, in tested concentrations, EGCG enhanced the negative effect of Cd. Further analyses are needed to determine the exact mechanism of action of EGCG due to the small number of publications on the subject and the differences in the results obtained in the research.
The effect of expertise on the creation and evaluation of visual compositions in terms of creativity and beauty
Authors: Mutter Yejeong , Hübner Ronald
Published: June 2024

The identification of artistically creative individuals is an important matter in the fields of art, design, and psychology. One promising approach involves assessing a person's products rather than his or her personality or cognitive processes. However, the necessity of expert involvement in such evaluations is still debated. To investigate this issue, two experiments were conducted, each consisting of a production phase and an evaluation phase. In Experiment 1, participants were asked to compose a most beautiful picture, which was subsequently assessed in terms of beauty. Experiment 2 was analogous, but participants were asked to compose a most creative picture, which was then assessed in terms of creativity and beauty. The results revealed that expertise did not play a crucial role in the creation or evaluation of beauty. Both experts and non-experts largely agreed on what constitutes beauty. However, when it came to the production and assessment of creative pictures, experts had an advantage. They were the only group that was able to predict a person's creativity based on the evaluation of his or her product.
Diffuse microglial responses and persistent EEG changes correlate with poor neurological outcome in a model of subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Geraghty Joseph R. , Butler Mitchell , Maharathi Biswajit , Tate Alexander J. , Lung Tyler J. , Balasubramanian Giri , Testai Fernando D. , Loeb Jeffrey A.
Published: June 2024

The mechanism by which subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) leads to chronic neurologic deficits is unclear. One possibility is that blood activates microglia to drive inflammation that leads to synaptic loss and impaired brain function. Using the endovascular perforation model of SAH in rats, we investigated short-term effects on microglia together with long-term effects on EEG and neurologic function for up to 3 months. Within the first week, microglia were increased both at the site of injury and diffusely across the cortex (2.5-fold increase in SAH compared to controls, p = 0.012). Concomitantly, EEGs from SAH animals showed focal increases in slow wave activity and diffuse reduction in fast activity. When expressed as a fast-slow spectral ratio, there were significant interactions between group and time (p < 0.001) with less ipsilateral recovery over time. EEG changes were most pronounced during the first week and correlated with neurobehavioral impairment. In vitro, the blood product hemin was sufficient to increase microglia phagocytosis nearly six-fold (p = 0.032). Immunomodulatory treatment with fingolimod after SAH reduced microglia, improved neurological function, and increased survival. These findings, which parallel many of the EEG changes seen in patients, suggest that targeting neuroinflammation could reduce long-term neurologic dysfunction following SAH.
Analysis of post-market adverse events of tafamidis base on the FDA adverse event reporting system
Authors: Wu Fan , Zhu He , Zhang Yue
Published: June 2024

Tafamidis is the world's first and only oral drug approved to treat the rare disease transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM). Medicines are known to have different adverse reactions during the course of treatment. However, the current limited clinical studies did not identify significant adverse drug reactions to tafamidis. Tafamidis has been on the market for 5 years now, a large number of adverse drug event (ADE) reports with tafamidis as the primary suspected drug have been reported in the United Food and Drug Administration's adverse event reporting system (FAERS). We retrieved 8170 adverse event reports in FAERS with tafamidis as the first suspected drug, and mined these reports for positive signals to perform risk warnings for potentially possible adverse events with tafamidis. We found that a large number of adverse events associated with the primary disease were reported due to insufficient awareness of ATTR among the reporters, leading to a large number of positive signals reported in the cardiac disorders system. We also found that tafamidis has the potential to cause an adverse event risks of ear and labyrinth disorders system and urinary tract infection bacterial, which deserve continued clinical attention.
An antifouling supramolecular polymer ophthalmic ointment alleviates symblepharon in rat alkali burn eyes
Authors: Liang Minghui , Wang Zhuoya , He Kai , Liao Mengyu , Zhang Haokun , Guo Miao , Liang Shuqi , Guo Haixia , Xie Songbo , Wang Xiaohong , Du Mei , You Caiyun , Yang Jianhai , Yan Hua
Published: June 2024

An antifouling supramolecular polymer PNAVL ophthalmic ointment, consisting of poly (N-acryloyl alaninamide) (PNAAA), vitamin C (VitC) and levofloxacin (Levo), could mitigate symblepharon after rat ocular alkali burn injury.
Dynamic negative allosteric effect: regulation of catalysis via multicomponent rotor speed
Authors: Paul Indrajit , Valiyev Isa , Ghosh Amit , Schmittel Michael
Published: June 2024

Post-modification of nanorotor R1 at the distal position resulted in the generation of rotor R2. The decrease in R2 speed leads to negative allosteric catalysis by reducing catalyst release.
Catalyst-free reaction of 2-(4H-benzo[d][1,3]oxazin-4-yl)acrylates: synthesis of 1,2-dihydroquinolines and 2,3-dihydropyrroles
Authors: Wang Tao , Lu Zhongyue , Li Pengfei
Published: June 2024

Catalyst-free annulations of 2-(4H-benzo[d][1,3]oxazin-4-yl)acrylates with sulfur ylides and α,β-unsaturated imines have been successfully achieved under mild conditions.
Unraveling the enigma of Craig-type Möbius-aromatic osmium compounds
Authors: Rabe Antonia , Wang Qian , Sundholm Dage
Published: June 2024

Current-density calculations on osmapentalene and osmapentalyne suggest that the Craig-type Möbius aromaticity/antiaromaticity concept should be abandoned.
Multidentate polyoxometalate modification of metal nanoparticles with tunable electronic states
Authors: Xia Kang , Yatabe Takafumi , Yamaguchi Kazuya , Suzuki Kosuke
Published: June 2024

We present a protocol for preparing metal nanoparticles (<5 nm; Ag, Pd, Pt, and Ru) via multidentate polyoxometalate (POM) modification with enhanced stability and catalytic activity. The electronic states can be modulated by POMs and supports.
Optoelectronic microfluidic device for point-of-care blood plasma viscosity measurement
Authors: Bakhtiaridoost Somayyeh , Musuroi Cristian , Volmer Marius , Florescu Monica
Published: June 2024

Non-contact, highly accurate and fully automated measurement of the blood plasma viscosity using the optical transparency technique at a constant temperature of 37 °C.
Construction of highly hydrated and mechanically strong anti-fouling coatings for deep-sea probes based on poly(vinyl alcohol) tannic acid zwitterion coatings
Authors: Liu Ying , Ru Ruotong , Ge Chengjun , Zhang Linlin , Sun Hongfei
Published: June 2024

Deep-sea exploration equipment is adherent to biofouling which affects its accuracy, and traditional self-renewing hydrogel coatings are no longer suitable for use on precision instruments due to the release of antifouling agents.
Copper/ruthenium relay catalysis for stereodivergent construction of 1,4-nonadjacent stereocenters: mechanistic investigation using DFT calculations
Authors: Huang Congcong , Yang Biyao , Zhang Keying , Li Juan
Published: June 2024

DFT calculations were used to explore the detailed reaction mechanism, and the origins of stereodivergence, in the Cu/Ru dual-catalyzed hydroalkylation of racemic allylic alcohols and racemic ketimine esters.
Quantification of AICAR and study of metabolic markers after administration
Authors: Fan Jingyi , Wang Yirang , Zhuo Yue , Xu Siyan , Zhou Wanggeng , Liu Bing
Published: June 2024

AICAR was reported as the first pharmacological AMPK activator, and it has been confirmed to exhibit a significant endurance enhancement effect and prohibited for doping by the World Anti-Doping Agency.
Direct visualisation of metal–defect cooperative catalysis in Ru-doped defective MOF-808
Authors: Xu Chirui , Orbell William , Wang Guilian , Li Boye , Ng Bryan K. Y. , Wu Tai-Sing , Soo Yun-Liang , Luan Zhao-Xue , Tang Kangjian , Wu Xin-Ping , Tsang S. C. Edman , Zhao Pu
Published: June 2024

Metal–defect cooperative catalysis in Ru-doped defective MOF-808 is directly visualised via combined XAS, XPDF, XRD, and IR analysis.
A nanoparticle-assisted signal-enhancement technique for lateral flow immunoassays
Authors: Gao Fang , Ye Shaonian , Huang Lin , Gu Zhengying
Published: June 2024

This review probes the nanoparticle-assisted amplification strategies for lateral flow immunoassay.
Efficient sky-blue perovskite light-emitting diodes by regulating the quantum well distribution of quasi-2D perovskites by suppressing lattice distortion
Authors: Tang Zixun , Guo Yuhang , Li Zexu , Wang Qian , Fu Yingying , Xie Zhiyuan
Published: June 2024

Using mixed EA/PEA ligands the quantum well distribution of quasi-2D perovskite can be regulated by suppressing the octahedral distortion and the sky-blue PeLEDs obtained can achieve an external quantum efficiency of 14.14%.
The morphology and kinematics of the galaxy group AM 1054-325: A MUSE perspective
Authors: Yadav Jyoti , Jadhav Vikrant V.
Published: June 2024

Galaxy interactions in groups can lead to intense starbursts and the activation of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). The stripped gas from the outer disk can lead to star-forming clumps along the tidal tails or sometimes tidal dwarf galaxies. We investigate the impact of interaction on various galaxy properties, including morphology, star formation rates, and chemical composition in the galaxy group AM 1054-325 using Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) data. We conduct a comprehensive spatially and spectrally resolved investigation of the star formation rate, star formation histories, metallicity, and AGN activity. The galaxy subgroup AM 1054-325A shows multiple star-forming clumps in Hα emission along the western tidal tail, which are formed due to tidal stripping. These clumps also have higher metallicities. AM 1054-325B is quenched and shows disturbed gas kinematics and the signature of gas accretion in the Hα map. The specific star formation along the tidal tail is higher, contributing to the galaxy’s overall stellar mass growth.
SHAMe-SF: Predicting the clustering of star-forming galaxies with an enhanced abundance matching model
Authors: Ortega-Martinez S. , Contreras S. , Angulo R.
Published: June 2024

Context. With the advent of several galaxy surveys targeting star-forming galaxies, it is important to have models capable of interpreting their spatial distribution in terms of astrophysical and cosmological parameters.

Aims. We introduce SHAMe-SF, an extension of the subhalo abundance matching (SHAM) technique designed specifically for analysing the redshift-space clustering of star-forming galaxies.

Methods. Our model directly links a galaxy’s star-formation rate to the properties of its host dark matter subhalo, with further modulations based on effective models of feedback and gas stripping. To quantify the accuracy of our model, we show that it simultaneously reproduces key clustering statistics such as the projected correlation function, monopole, and quadrupole of star-forming galaxy samples at various redshifts and number densities. These tests were conducted over a wide range of scales [0.6, 30] h−1 Mpc using samples from both the TNG300 magneto-hydrodynamic simulation and a semi-analytical model.

Results. SHAMe-SF can reproduce the clustering of simulated galaxies selected by star-formation rate as well as galaxies that fall within the colour selection criteria employed by DESI for emission line galaxies.

Conclusions. Our model exhibits several potential applications, including the generation of covariance matrices, exploration of galaxy formation processes, and even placing constraints on the cosmological parameters of the Universe.
Probing atmospheric escape through metastable He I triplet lines in 15 exoplanets observed with SPIRou
Authors: Masson A. , Vinatier S. , Bézard B. , López-Puertas M. , Lampón M. , Debras F. , Carmona A. , Klein B. , Artigau E. , Dethier W. , Pelletier S. , Hood T. , Allart R. , Bourrier V. , Cadieux C. , Charnay B. , Cowan N. B. , Cook N. J. , Delfosse X. , Donati J.-F. , Gu P.-G. , Hébrard G. , Martioli E. , Moutou C. , Venot O. , Wyttenbach A.
Published: June 2024

For several years, the metastable helium triplet line has been successfully used as a tracer to probe atmospheric escape in transiting exoplanets. This absorption in the near-infrared (1083.3 nm) can be observed from the ground using high-resolution spectroscopy, providing new constraints on the mass-loss rate and the temperature characterizing the upper atmosphere of close-in exoplanets. The aim of this work is to search for the He triplet signature in 15 transiting exoplanets – ranging from super-Earths to ultrahot Jupiters – observed with SPIRou, a high-resolution (R ~ 70 000) near-infrared spectropolarimeter at the CFHT, in order to bring new constraints or to improve existing ones regarding atmospheric escape through a homogeneous study. We developed a full data processing and analysis pipeline to correct for the residual telluric and stellar contributions. We then used two different 1D models based on the Parkerwind equations and nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) radiative transfer to interpret the observational results. We confirm published He triplet detections for HAT-P-11 b, HD 189733 b, and WASP-69 b. We tentatively detect the signature of escaping He in HD 209458 b, GJ 3470 b, and WASP-76 b. We report new constraints on the mass-loss rate and temperature for our three detections and set upper limits for the tentative and nondetections. We notably report improved constraints on the mass-loss rate and temperature of the escaping gas for TOI-1807 b, and report a nondetection for the debated atmospheric escape in GJ 1214 b. We also conducted the first search for the He signature in GJ 486 b since its discovery and report a nondetection of the He triplet. Finally, we studied the impact of important model assumptions on our retrieved parameters, notably the limitations of 1D models and the influence of the H/He ratio on the derived constraints.
Optical polarimetry study of the Lambda-Orionis star-forming region
Authors: Neha S. , Soam A. , Maheswar G.
Published: June 2024

We present an optical polarimetry study of the nearby star-forming region Lambda-Orionis to map the plane-of-the-sky magnetic field geometry to understand the magnetized evolution of the HII region and the associated small molecular clouds. We made multiwavelength polarization observations of 34 bright stars distributed across the region. We also present the R-band polarization measurements that focused on the small molecular clouds, bright-rimmed clouds (BRC), BRC 17, and BRC 18, which are located at the periphery of the HII region. The magnetic field lines exhibit a large-scale ordered orientation consistent with the Planck submillimeter polarization measurements. The magnetic field lines in the two BRCs are found to be roughly in north-south directions. However, a larger dispersion is noted in the orientation for BRC 17 compared to BRC 18. Using a structure-function analysis, we estimate the strength of the plane-of-the-sky component of the magnetic field as ∼28 μG for BRC 17 and ∼40 μG for BRC 18. The average dust grain size and the mean value of the total-to-selective extinction ratio (RV) in the HII region are found to be ∼0.51 ± 0.05 μm and ∼2.9 ± 0.3, respectively. The distance of the whole HII region is estimated as ∼392 ± 8 pc by combining astrometry information from Global Astrometric Interferometer for Astrophysics (Gaia) early data release 3 (EDR3) for young stellar objects associated with BRCs and confirmed members of the central cluster Collinder 69.
The SRG/eROSITA All-Sky Survey: Exploring halo assembly bias with X-ray-selected superclusters
Authors: Liu A. , Bulbul E. , Shin T. , von der Linden A. , Ghirardini V. , Kluge M. , Sanders J. S. , Grandis S. , Zhang X. , Artis E. , Bahar Y. E. , Balzer F. , Clerc N. , Malavasi N. , Merloni A. , Nandra K. , Ramos-Ceja M. E. , Zelmer S.
Published: June 2024

Numerical simulations indicate that the clustering of dark matter halos is not only dependent on the halo masses but has a secondary dependence on other properties, such as the assembly history of the halo. This phenomenon, known as the halo assembly bias (HAB), has been found mostly on galaxy scales; observational evidence on larger scales is scarce. In this work, we propose a novel method for exploring HAB on cluster scales using large samples of superclusters. Leveraging the largest-ever X-ray galaxy cluster and supercluster samples obtained from the first SRG/eROSITA all-sky survey, we constructed two subsamples of galaxy clusters that consist of supercluster members and isolated clusters, respectively. After correcting for the selection effects on redshift, mass, and survey depth, we computed the excess in the concentration of the intracluster gas of isolated clusters with respect to supercluster members, defined as δcgas ≡ cgas, ISO/cgas, SC − 1, to investigate the environmental effect on the concentration of clusters, a sign of HAB on cluster scales. We find that the average gas mass concentration of isolated clusters is a few percent higher than that of supercluster members, with a maximum significance of 2.8σ. The result for δcgas varies with the overdensity ratio, f, in supercluster identification, cluster mass proxies, and mass and redshift ranges but remains positive in almost all the measurements. We measure slightly larger δcgas when adopting a higher f for supercluster identification. The δcgas is also higher for low-mass and low-redshift clusters. We performed weak lensing analyses to compare the total mass concentration of the two classes and find a similar trend in total mass concentration as obtained from the gas mass concentration. Our results are consistent with the prediction of HAB on cluster scales, where halos located in denser environments are less concentrated; this trend is stronger for halos with lower masses and at lower redshifts. These phenomena can be explained by the fact that clusters in denser environments, such as superclusters, have experienced more mergers than isolated clusters in their assembling history. This work paves the way to explore HAB with X-ray superclusters and demonstrates that large samples of superclusters with X-ray and weak-lensing data can advance our understanding of the evolution of the large-scale structure.
The cosmic timeline implied by the JWST reionization crisis
Authors: Melia F.
Published: June 2024

Context. JWST’s discovery of well-formed galaxies and supermassive black holes only a few hundred million years after the big bang, and the identification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at z = 6.71, seriously challenge the timeline predicted by ΛCDM. Moreover, the implied bright UV-irradiation of the early Universe suggests a reionization history much too short to comply with the observed evolution of the hydrogen ionization fraction, xHII(z).

Aims. A recent analysis of reionization after JWST concludes that the ΛCDM timeline simply cannot accommodate the combined JWST-Planck observations even if exotic fixes are introduced to modify the standard reionization model. In this paper, we argue that this so-called ‘photon budget crisis’ is more likely due to flaws in the cosmological model itself. We aim to reanalyze the data in the context of established astrophysics with Rh = ct as the background cosmology, an approach that has already been shown to mitigate the tension created by the too-early appearance of galaxies, quasars and PAHs.

Methods. We employ the standard reionization model using the JWST-measured UV luminosity function in the early Universe and the timeline and physical conditions in both ΛCDM and Rh = ct. The former has already been fully probed and discussed elsewhere, and we here merely redo the calculation to ensure consistency with their pioneering work. We then contrast the predicted reionization histories in these two scenarios and compare them with the data.

Results. We confirm that the reionization history predicted by ΛCDM is in significant tension with the observations, and demonstrate that the latter are instead in excellent agreement with the Rh = ct timeline.

Conclusions. Together, the four anomalies uncovered by JWST, including the newly discovered reionization crisis discussed in this paper, provide strong evidence against the timeline predicted by ΛCDM and in favor of the evolutionary history in Rh = ct.
Social aspects of an electric grid company’s sustainable development
Authors: Izakova Natalya , Kapustina Larisa , Drevalev Andrei
Published: June 2024

Sustainable development of the energy sector requires its transformation and strengthening the role of consumers. Consumer satisfaction is becoming a significant social aspect of the sustainable development of an electric grid company. A company can enhance its sustainability by meeting the customer needs to the greatest extent and by establishing a system of partnership relations. The article presents a methodology for studying and identifying key satisfaction factors. The authors propose using a set of methods: survey, factor and frequency analysis, Net Promoter Score, as well as analysis of customer reviews. The object of the study is PAO Rosseti Ural, a Russian electric grid company, with a sample of 435 respondents. The JASP software package was used to carry out the analysis and identify the most significant factors influencing consumer satisfaction. The Net Promoter Score (NPS) index calculation showed a lack of customer loyalty to the company. Frequency analysis and analysis of customer reviews allowed identifying the main difficulties for the consumers of the company’s services. The authors have also identified priority channels for managing customer requests and feedback and developed recommendations to increase the level of customer satisfaction and enhance sustainable development of an electric grid company.
Agricultural insurance as a modern tool for protecting agricultural production on personal subsidiary farms
Authors: Sapozhnikova Ekaterina , Timin Alexander , Malinovskaya Olesya
Published: June 2024

Personal subsidiary plots are one of the main categories of producers in the Russian food security system. An analysis of food independence is presented in the article. The article assesses the contribution of private farms to ensuring food security in Russia. This category of producers faces agricultural risk events. Farms are experiencing a shortage of financial resources to compensate for damage. Risks can be neutralized using agricultural insurance mechanisms with government support. The mechanism for assessing regions for the introduction of agricultural insurance with state assistance is discussed in the article. It is based on ranking the regions of operation of private farms. Ranking is carried out according to the degree of priority of ensuring food security and supporting producers in risky farming areas in the regions. The use of this mechanism will allow directing state support for private farms to the most significant and strategically important regions.
Social priorities for sustainable development of an old industrial region
Authors: Kvon Gulnara , Shishkina Elena
Published: June 2024

The concept of sustainable development was developed and adopted by the UN in 2015. It provides for the implementation of 17 goals, called the “Millennium Goals” [1]. The article focuses on the investment and strategic aspects of the implementation of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) in the social sphere, adapted to Russia’s interests and conditions. The purpose of the study is to identify the degree of compliance of the regional social development priorities with the sustainable development goals in order to determine areas for increasing the effectiveness of its strategizing, taking into account the investment opportunities of the region. The object of the study is the investment and strategic priorities of the regional social development. The subject of the study is the areas, tools and methods of setting priorities for the social development of the region in the context of strategizing its sustainable development. The territorial boundaries of the study are the Sverdlovsk oblast, a classic old industrial region, and all components of sustainable development and ESG are significant for its development. The study uses methods of analysis and synthesis, dynamics research, comparison, etc. The paper assesses the dynamics of indicators that characterize the implementation of sustainable development goals in a regional perspective, their resource and investment support, as well as integration into the regional strategy. The need to maintain the social priorities of the regional development, as well as the inclusion of “social” investments parameters in the development strategies, is substantiated.
Improving state financial control as a factor in the sustainable development of agriculture in the region (using the example of the Sverdlovsk region)
Authors: Meshcheryagina V.A. , Yalunina E.N. , Vilacheva M.N.
Published: June 2024

The legal and economic conditions for improving individual elements of financial control in the regions of Russia are considered within the framework of this article. The authors conclude that it is necessary to increase the volume of funds raised from non-budgetary sources for the agricultural sector, the introduction of an electronic procurement system, an electronic platform for investment projects based on the Ministry of Agriculture and Food of the Sverdlovsk Region. As a result, the efficiency of using budget funds in their distribution from the Ministry to organizations, the quality and quantity of control activities on the use of budget funds in agriculture will improve, and a specific criterion will appear for calculating the efficiency of use of funds.
Digitalization of the legal regulation system: Prospects and ways of development
Authors: Alekhina Ekaterina , Nadtoka Sergei
Published: June 2024

In modern conditions of society development, legal regulation seems to be insufficiently effective due to a number of reasons: the lack of a unified approach to public administration, an excessive number of legis-lative prescriptions, the disintegration of legal regulation elements, incon-sistency of regulatory requirements, as well as fragmentation in the activi-ties of government bodies. In scientific discourse, the solution of these problems is possible only under the condition of digitalization and automa-tion of the legal regulation system. In this regard, the purpose of the work is to study digital tools of legal regulation in the context of the develop-ment of domestic management structures. The methodological base of the research consists of a compilation of general scientific and private scien-tific methods: analytical, logical, structuring, as well as comparative legal, formal legal and predictive, aimed at a detailed study of the methods of law digitalization, their content stages, principles and functions. The result of the study was the selection and analysis of the most relevant digital man-agement mechanisms, including: automation of the decision-making pro-cess, expert systems, blockchain, artificial intelligence, etc. As the most ef-fective scenario for automating legal structures and domestic legislation, it is proposed to introduce a hybrid human-machine management model, in which a significant role is assigned to digital technologies (artificial intelli-gence, neural networks and software that allows implementing the concept of machine-readable legislation and the unified information code of the Russian Federation), which does not exclude the importance of human, the role of which passes into the category of data entry into a digital system, correction of individual structures and expert control over the activities of digital processes.
Export potential of the Russian agricultural sector to the Persian gulf countries
Authors: Nasedkina T.I. , Chernykh A.I. , Bobrysheva N.V. , Akupiyan A.N. , Molchanova L.A.
Published: June 2024

The agricultural sector is one of the most important sectors of the domestic economy of the country, containing various types of economic activities in the field of agricultural production, as well as their delivery to the final consumer. The world economy acquires an integral character, becomes a functionally and institutionally structured multilevel system. The main task for Russia is to ensure the functioning of the domestic economy and its further development. The article analyzes the main factors of the development of the agricultural sector of the country, preventing an increase in production and increasing exports, and positive factors contributing to the diversification of agricultural exports, production reaching a new level. The prospects for the development of the agricultural sector of the domestic economy and its export potential are formulated, subject to close cooperation with the countries of the Persian Gulf.
Evaluation of Marine Litter Pollution Level in a Urban Beach (Aegean Coast of Izmir, Turkey)
Authors: Ertas Alperen , Yasartürk Merve , Sayim Ferah , Yuldashova Oliyakhon
Published: June 2024

The Agapark beach is one of the affected beach from marine litter (ML) pollution due to industrial and domestic activities. In this study, the degree of ML pollution was investigated in the beach using Clean Coast Index (CCI). The beach typology was determined according to the Bathing Area Registration and Evaluation (BARE) system. Beach litter types and characteristics were determined on the basis of the “Guide on Monitoring Marine Litter in European Seas”. In this study, a total of 1.770 items of ML were collected from Agapark beach. Plastic was the most abundant material in the beach. Mixed packaging litter was most dominant litter source in the beach. As a result of BARE, Agapark beach was determined as “urban” beach status. As a result of CCI, Agapark beach was “moderate” in winter and spring, while the beach was “dirty” in summer and autumn.
Content of heavy metals in algae thalli in the littoral zone of Kildin Island (Barents Sea)
Authors: Menshakova Maria , Ryzhik Inna , Bannikova Yulia , Dobychina Ekaterina , Klindukh Maria
Published: June 2024

The article examines the concentration of four heavy metals (cadmium, lead, copper and zinc) in three species of brown and three species of red algae ((Fucus vesiculosus L., Alaria esculenta (L.) Greville, Chorda filum (L.) Stackhouse, (Delesseria sanguinea (Hudson) J.V.Lamouroux, Palmaria palmata (L.) F.Weber & D.Mohr, Ptilota plumosa - (L.) C. Agardh.), living in the waters of the Barents Sea in the littoral zone of Kildin Island. It is shown that the highest concentrations. are found for essential metals (copper and zinc), lower for non-essential metals. The maximum content of zinc and copper was observed in palmaria and ptilote, the minimum in chord. The maximum of lead and cadmium was found in fucus, the minimum in chord.
The influence of various factors on natural polymer quality indicators in the process of extraction of Cellulose Saflor stem
Authors: Endeshe uulu Erlan , Yakubova Nargiza Rustamovna , Murodov Muzaffar Murodovich , Baatyrbekova Aiturgan Baatyrbekovna , Aitieva Marzhan Askarbekovna
Published: June 2024

In this section, in the process of extracting cellulose from safflower stem, the influence of various factors on the quality indicators of natural polymer, the physical-chemical and mechanical-structural properties of the quality indicators of the obtained product brands were studied and analyzed. Makhsar is a heat-loving, drought-resistant plant adapted to continental climate with dry summer and cold winter. It is very heat demanding during the flowering and ripening phase. Grass can withstand 5-6 °C frost. In the conditions of Makhsar Uzbekistan, when planted in autumn, lawns winter well. Makhsar planted in autumn gives a higher yield than that planted in spring.
Introduction assessment of highly ornamental shrubs and forms in the conditions of the Tashkent Botanical Garden (Uzbekistan)
Authors: Khamraeva Dilovar , Rakhimova Nargiza , Temirov Eldor
Published: June 2024

The article presents data on the growth and development, flowering dynamics and introduction assessment of highly ornamental shrubs introduced into the Tashkent Botanical Garden – Cotoneaster adpressus Bois., C. horizontalis Decne, C. dammeri C.K. Schneid., Spiraea japonica L., Symphoricarpos dorenbosa Krüssm., Hydrangea macrophylla Thunb. and forms – Viburnum tinus f. stricta, Weigela florida f. Bristol ruby, Deutzia scabra f. plena, Hibiscus syriacus f. “Duc de Brabant”, Spiraea prunifolia f. plena, Physocarpus opulifolius f. diabola. According to the results of the introduction assessment, it turned out that the ornamental species Cotoneaster horizontalis, Symphoricarpos dorenbosa are completely promising, receiving the highest (95) score. Of the species, only Hydrangea macrophylla was less promising, scoring 54 points. It was revealed that the species are superior to the forms in terms of resistance to diseases and pests. Through an introduction assessment of trees, their characteristics were taken according to 7 indicators and noted as promising species and forms for our republic. The studied introduced species are an important factor in choosing the assortment and compiling a compositional group of ornamental plants in urban planning.
Mapping of Anthropogenic Impact on the Landscapes of the Middle and Upper Zones of the Ak-Buura River Basin
Authors: Sherbaeva Zubaida , Kamchiev Ulan , Isakova Umida
Published: June 2024

The article considers the possibilities of mapping the anthropogenic impact on the landscapes of the Ak-Buura River basin using remote sensing and GIS data. Ak-Buura is a river of great importance in providing drinking and irrigation water to the city of Osh and most of the Osh agglomeration. The growth in the number and recreational needs of the population, the development of minerals, the construction of new roads and the reconstruction of highways have repeatedly increased the burden on natural resources in recent years. As a result, an increase in the intensity of land use for economic needs in the upper and middle zone of the river basin affects the stability of natural and anthropogenic landscapes. Their mapping will make it possible to create operational maps in order to monitor landscape changes and prevent possible environmental disasters
Green infrastructure of the metropolis in terms of the principle of biodiversity
Authors: Danilova Svetlana , Konovalova Ekaterina , Kozyreva Maria
Published: June 2024

The article reflects several main vectors of modern architectural and landscape solutions within the framework of design and research activities on the topic of restoring the green frame (green infrastructure) of a metropolis using the example of St. Petersburg in the aspect of the principle of biodiversity. The specifics of the methodology for collecting information and design, and the composition of materials are considered. A design algorithm is proposed.
Polymer Matrix Nanocomposites for Sustainable Packaging: A Green Approach
Authors: Vafaeva Khristina Maksudovna , Chhetri Abhishek , Sudan Prerak , Mishra Mukul , Babu B. Sankara , Mongal Binitendra Naath
Published: June 2024

This research examines the characteristics and ecological viability of polymer matrix nanocomposites used in sustainable packaging. Nanocomposites were produced by combining varied proportions of polymer and nanofiller material. Through mechanical testing, it was determined that nanocomposite formulation 3 had the maximum tensile strength of 55 MPa, as well as a Young's modulus of 3.5 GPa, showing greater stiffness in comparison to the other formulations. The evaluation of barrier qualities revealed that nanocomposite formulation 2 exhibited the most minimal oxygen permeability at a rate of 8 cc/m2/day and the lowest water vapor transmission rate at 4.5 g/m2/day, showing very efficient performance in preventing the passage of gases and moisture. The environmental impact study showed that nanocomposite formulation 3 had the most efficient energy consumption during manufacture, with a rate of 1.8 kWh/kg. It also had the lowest waste creation, with just 0.08 kg/kg, and the lowest CO2 emissions, with only 0.4 kg/kg. Nanocomposite formulation 3 demonstrated substantial improvements in mechanical characteristics, barrier properties, and environmental impact indicators when compared to the reference formulations, as shown by the percentage change analysis. In summary, this study showcases the capabilities of polymer matrix nanocomposites, specifically formulation 3, as environmentally friendly packaging materials that offer improved mechanical properties, effective barrier performance, and reduced ecological footprint. These findings contribute to the development of sustainable packaging solutions across different industries.
Fuzzy Logic-Based Energy Management in Sustainable management for Renewable Integration
Authors: Usanova Kseniia Iurevna , Rao Davu Srinivasa , Pandey Sakshi , Sharma Prabhat , Deorari Rajesh , Vyas Anjali
Published: June 2024

This study presents a novel Fuzzy Logic-Based Energy Management model that aims to optimize the incorporation of renewable energy sources into smart grids. The research used simulated data to evaluate the model's performance in important metrics, revealing significant improvements in the consumption of renewable energy, stability of the grid, dependability of energy storage, and overall efficiency of the system. The Fuzzy Logic Controller adjusts energy distribution in response to current inputs, leading to a significant 20% improvement in the usage of renewable energy. The capacity to adapt is crucial in dealing with the inherent fluctuation of solar, wind, and biomass sources. The approach greatly improves grid stability, as shown by a 15% decrease in grid frequency variations, highlighting its efficacy in assuring a more regulated and steady electricity supply. Furthermore, the dependability of energy storage systems exhibits a notable 25% enhancement in the state of charge, suggesting optimal cycles of charging and discharging. This increased dependability enhances the stability of the energy supply during times of high demand and variations in the power system. The Fuzzy Logic-Based Energy Management model exhibits a significant 22% improvement in total system efficiency when compared to conventional management systems. This indicator encompasses the model's combined effect on the usage of renewable energy, the stability of the power grid, and the optimization of energy storage. Comparative analyses conducted against traditional control strategies, such as proportional-integral-derivative controllers, consistently demonstrate the superiority of the fuzzy logic approach. This approach results in a 10% decrease in grid frequency deviations, a 15% enhancement in energy storage state of charge, and a 12% boost in overall system efficiency. The resilience of the Fuzzy Logic Controller is highlighted by sensitivity analysis, since it demonstrates consistent performance even when parameters vary significantly. The model's practical usefulness and adherence to ethical principles are further confirmed by validation using real-world data from operational smart grid installations. This study provides valuable insights, establishing the Fuzzy Logic-Based Energy Management model as an innovative method for addressing the difficulties associated with integrating renewable energy into smart grids. This model promotes a more sustainable and efficient energy environment for the future.
Prospects and opportunities for using AI technologies in the agricultural sector
Authors: Golubin A.V. , Kopnin A.A.
Published: June 2024

The article examines the impact of advanced digital artificial intelligence developments on the agricultural sector. The main attention is paid to the analysis of the practical application of artificial intelligence in the agricultural industry, with an emphasis on real solutions and their possible contribution to optimizing agricultural processes and increasing yields. In particular, such innovative systems as CropX and Plantix are described, demonstrating the effectiveness of AI tools in solving specific tasks related to soil resource management and plant health diagnostics. Much attention is given to the potential of AI for predicting crop yields and its role in creating sustainable agroecosystems.
Specifics of innovations in the agricultural sector
Authors: Falchenko Oksana , Stremousova Elena , Kovalev Victor
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities that determine the specifics of innovative development of the agricultural sector of the Russian economy, especially in the conditions of fierce competition in the global market and economic sanctions applied by economically developed countries to Russia. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the demand for increasing the rate of innovation in agriculture in the conditions of sanctions pressure becomes the most acute, since the old forms of production in the previous period have lost their relevance, and the new ones have not yet fully formed and developed. It is concluded that innovation is one of the priority areas not only in practical activity, but also in research, because it is designed to investigate the presence of both failures and achievements in the development of the agricultural sector and its products in the domestic and foreign markets. The study allowed us to identify the determinants that determine the specifics of innovation in the agricultural sector, which were grouped according to certain characteristics. When characterizing the specifics, the presence of fundamental contradictions between the traditional way of life of the agricultural sector and the essence of innovation activity was taken into account.
Binary using of denotational graphs in the educational process for agrarian students
Authors: Golub Larissa , Medvedeva Svetlana , Sycheva Irina , Semyshev Mihail , Sychev Sergej
Published: June 2024

In order to develop the thinking potential of students, their creative mastering of knowledge, skills and abilities in the chosen professional sphere, the authors of the article consider it necessary to use problem-based training in the educational process. It is the main stimulus for independent cognitive activity of students in the field of research activity. It is difficult for students to work with extensive information. Therefore, the authors have developed and presented in the framework of problem-based training graphic ways of presenting the material in graphical form. They are denotation graphs that make it possible the students to classify and to perceive better the presented information. The authors proposed a binary using of denotation in two subjects: integrated plant protection and foreign language. The article describes the stages of making a denotation graph and its different forms. As a result of the experiment, the authors concluded that binary using of denotation graphs enables students to study the material better and stimulates their studying arousing interest.
Contents of microelements in dried Subkhoni apricot
Authors: Imatali kyzy Kalyskan , Abdulazizov Tilebaldy , Murzakulova Batma
Published: June 2024

This article presents the results of analyzes of the content of microelements in the soil and in dried Subkhoni apricot carried out in the Batken region of Kyrgyzstan over three years (2016–2018). During the study, the spectroscopic method (OMG 6-01) on the DFS-8 device was used to determine trace elements in the ash of apricot and its main parts. The concentration of microelements in the resulting ash and in the soil is different. The main beneficial parts of an apricot are the pulp and the seed. According to research results (2016-2018), the following microelements were not found in apricot pulp: V, Cr, Mo, Ba, Pb, Zn, and copper was found in samples taken in 2017-2018. Copper distribution in plants is very variable. The copper content in the pulp, pit and stem of apricot is higher than the content in the soil in 2017-2018. The concentrations of oxides of magnesium, calcium, sodium, iron were determined and a high content of potassium oxide was revealed in apricot ash.
Stability and space/time convergence of Störmer-Verlet time integration of the mixed formulation of linear wave equations
Authors: Chabassier Juliette
Published: June 2024

This work focuses on the mixed formulation of linear wave equations. It provides a proof of stability and convergence of time discretisation of a semi discrete linear wave equation in mixed form with Störmer-Verlet time integration, that is uniform as the time step reaches its largest allowed value for stability (Courant-Friedrich-Levy condition), contrary to the proofs recalled here from the literature.