bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of root growth and soybean yield on drought stress
Authors: Hanum C , Meiriani
Published: April 2020

Drought stress is a major limiting factor for soybean cultivated on dry land. Water limitation in the root zone will inhibit the growth, development and yield of soybeans. This research aimed to study the characteristics of root growth and its effect on soybean yield on drought stress. The study used a pot method with two levels of treatment, 80% field capacity (FC) and 20% FC. Tested indicator plants were soybean consisting of two types, namely Nanti and Cikurai. The results showed that the Nanti Variety at 20% FC groundwater content experienced a percentage decrease in root dry weight, root volume, root length, shoot dry weight, and dry seed yield with the values of 58.33; 73.2; 24.85; 69.63 and 73.00%, respectively. Cikuray varieties experienced a decrease in root dry weight (55.17%), root volume (43.8%), root length (47.13%), shoot dry weight (71.05%), and dry seed yield (62.78%), respectively.
Potential of upland rice yield based on tillers and leaf area on various organic matter as the observation variables
Authors: Lubis F Z , Rahmawati N , Hanum C
Published: April 2020

The potential of upland rice production can be described through the parameters of the number of tillers and flag leaf area. This is supported on the optimal number of tillers forming the basis for grain formation, while the flag leaf area is an illustration of the potential assimilation that plants can produce. Provision of organic material in dry land is an alternative to increase the availability of ground water. The aim of this research was to study the relationship between variables, those were number of tillers, flag leaf area and grain production. The experimental method used was a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 2 factors. Upland rice varieties were be the first factor, namely IPB 9G, IPB 8G, Sigambiri Merah, and Situ Patenggang. The second factor was organic materials: solid decanter, filter mud, oil palm empty fruit bunches, oil palm fibre, and cow manure. The results showed that upland rice had a greater number of tillers and wider leaves would produce higher production per plot. The provision of solid decanter could increase the number of tillers (51.56%), flag leaf area (35%), grain production per plot (55.12%) compared to the treatments without the provision of organic matter.
Assessment of Sustainable Development on Territories under the Impact of Different Genesis Disasters
Authors: Knaub R V , Ignateva A V
Published: April 2020

At present, neither international nor Russian literature sources propose any index to assess safety level of disasters that occur everywhere throughout the world. No one doubts the fact that the number of natural, man-made and social disasters, as well as resulting economic losses have increased several times over the past thirty years. In response to this trend, the study aims to develop a disaster safety level index (DSLI). The study presents methodological tools for calculating the Disaster Safety Level Index (DSLI) and calculation of the global DSLI for the 1998–2011 period. The proposed method for calculating the Disaster Safety Level Index has three advantages. Firstly, it is relatively simple. Secondly, everyone can get access to input data for calculations. Thirdly, different indicators used in the index are reduced to units of power, added together and expressed as a single number, which is very important in case of incomparable (heterogeneous) indicators. The proposed Disaster Safety Level Index (DSLI) can be used in practice to prevent disasters of various origins.
Estimation of the Variability of Average Annual Values of Nutrients Concentrations in the Water of the Kuibyshev Reservoir
Authors: Minakova E A , Shlichkov A P , Biktemirova E I
Published: April 2020

The results of the analysis of water pollution in the Kuibyshev reservoir with nutrients for the period 2009-2015 yrs are given. The assessment of the dynamics of average annual concentrations of biogenic substances and comparison with fisheries standards was carried out. The trends of average annual concentrations of biogenic substances in the water of the Kuibyshev reservoir are obtained, describing the general trend of the dynamics of biogenic substances for the studied period of time. The analysis of the changes in the chemical composition of the nutrient elements of the waters of the Kuibyshev reservoir in retrospective years from 1957 - 2015 yrs was carried out. In the modern period of 2009-2015 yrs marked a significant increase compared with 1952-1954 yrs the concentrations of the main biogenic substances - phosphate ions - 6,3 times, nitrite ions - 35,0 times, nitrate ions - 15,6 times, and ammonium ions 23,0 times.
Simulation of Liquid Fuel Spills Combustion Dynamics Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics Using Modern Application Programs
Authors: Afanasev P M
Published: April 2020

The article presents the results of calculations using modern application programs, using the CFD FDS 6.3 model, self-sustaining burning of liquid hydrocarbon fuel spills with a sufficiently high accuracy for spills less than 0.5m in diameter. The study shows that the use of modern software systems for CFD modeling, taking into account wind direction, humidity and other environmental parameters, significantly reduces the costs of risk assessment in emergency situations associated with the use of LNG in transport. Conducted research allows to increase reliability and reduce risks of liquefied natural gas usage in transport
Active Volcanoes and Thermal Springs of Kunashir Island (Russia)
Authors: Zharkov R V
Published: April 2020

Since 2002, complex studies of all known thermal springs of Kunashir Island have been carried out. Of the four active volcanoes in the island, three volcanoes have stable hydrothermal systems. In addition to volcanoes, thermal springs in Kunashir are found on the coast and they are associated with tectonic faults. Despite the different morphogenetic types of volcanoes and their activity, the common patterns of zoning of hydrochemical types of thermal waters are typical for volcano-hydrothermal systems. On the periphery of the extrusive domes of the volcanoes, there are solfataric fields with outputs of gases and acid sulfate hydrotherms with temperatures up to 95 °C. Below the slope at a distance from the extrusive domes and solfataric fields an acid chloride-sulfate (sulfate-chloride) sodium hydrotherms with temperatures up to 91 °C are located. At the foot of volcanic edifices, at a considerable distance from the extrusions and outputs of solfataric gases, neutral chloride sodium thermal springs and steams are located. The isotopic composition of oxygen and hydrogen of different hydrochemical types of thermal waters is similar to the isotopic composition of local meteoric waters, which confirms the genesis of hydrotherms due to atmospheric waters with minimal participation of sea and "mantle" waters.
Ensuring the Environmental Safety of Coal-fired Power Plants for the Flue Gases Purification
Authors: Samarskaya N , Lysova E , Paramonova O , Yudina N
Published: April 2020

The article is devoted to solving of the pressing issue–provision of ecological safety of urban areas in flue gas purification of coal power plants and boiler houses. Use of the method for evaluating and selecting the maximum ecological efficiency and energy intensity value of purification of exhaust gases of thermal power plants and boiler houses of municipal services within the known physical and energetic approach allowed to obtain the parametric dependence of ecological efficiency and energy intensity value and determine the optimum parameters of hydrodynamic cleaning process with further designing of a new technical solution.

On the basis of the simulation process and cleaning systems a new device of hydrodynamical (wet) cleaning the flue gases via control parameters significantly affecting the ecological efficiency and energy intensity value of the cleaning process was worked out. Moreover, control of parameters is carried out at the design of flue gases cleaning system, which allows to significantly optimize the choice of ways and means of reducing air pollution in urban territories. The obtained simulation results can be used to develop new or improve existing devices of hydrodynamic flue gases purification.
Production and Environmental Monitoring at PAO Surgutneftegaz
Authors: Parshukova L A
Published: April 2020

This paper analyzes the performance of systems for removal of sludge from the drilling mud. It shows that the solid-phase particle-size distribution, which depends on the mineral composition and the physico-mechanical properties of rock, the drilling mud process parameters and the type of the rock cutter, as well as the drilling parameters affect the performance of vibrating screens, hydrocyclones, and centrifuges. The paper proposes upgrading the cleaning system by installing a second layer of fine-meshed sieve cassettes where hydrocyclones discharge their output. This improvement reduces the unproductive drilling time.
Estimating Thermal Effect of a Group of Gas Wells on Permafrost Rock
Authors: Ivanov V A , Rozhin I I
Published: April 2020

The article is devoted to a computational experiment on forecasting the thermal interaction of a group of gas wells and permafrost. In connection with the spread of cluster drilling, it becomes necessary to study the thermal effect of a cluster of wells on frozen soils in the specific conditions of Central Yakutia. As input data for the numerical survey, field data on thermal logging, production rates, physicochemical properties of gas, rock properties and parameters of the developed deposits were used. Quantitative results were obtained on the extent and pattern of thawing of frozen rocks in the vicinity of the group of wells, and on well operation modes. The results of the work can be used in planning the development of gas fields in the considered area.
Method of Early Prediction of the Moment of Earthquake According to the Noise of Seismic Stations
Authors: Yepaneshnikov V D , Yepaneshnikova I V
Published: April 2020

The proposed study is interdisciplinary and is based on the use of methods of technical diagnostics in relation to non-man-made objects. Previously developed method of indirect assessment of the degree of the stress state of rocks according to seismic data allowed us to offer two earthquake’s short-term precursors that have been applied for the purposes of the operative forecast. For this purpose, the wave forms of noise measured by seismic stations before the earthquake during and after the anomalous values of the precursors were used. Post-monitoring of preparation of five earthquakes is carried out.
Geological Environment Role in the Formation of Hydrogeoecological Conditions within Large Industrial Zones
Authors: Musin R Kh , Korolev E A , Zotina K E
Published: April 2020

Natural and man-made conditions of the Nizhnekamskaya industrial zone are discussed in the article. This zone includes large petrochemical and oil refineries, PJSC «Nizhnekamskneftekhim» is one of the largest companies in Europe. The article shows that significant changes in the composition of natural waters are manifested within the territory of a large operating surface landfill for industrial waste and in its vicinity. Here, the salinity of underground water can reach 12 g/l, and the concentration of petroleum products and phenols, which are characteristic pollutants, reaches 982 and 14 mg/l. Within the industrial site, underground water salinity reaches 1.25 g/l, their hardness is 18 mmol/l, and permanganate index is 17.3 mgO/l. The intensity of pollution of natural waters decreases with increasing distance from the boundaries of industrial zones. There are no signs of pollution of natural waters at a distance of 1.0-1.5 km from the landfill. The composition of natural waters has not changed over the past 40 years outside the industrial zone. Here, HCO3/Ca and HCO3/Mg-Ca are developed; waters with mineralization up to 0.5-0.6 g/l and total hardness up to 7 mmol/l are favorable for drinking. Natural water pollution is local, since the geological environment has high buffer properties. The nature of the geological section, consisting mainly of clay rocks, the favorable quality of precipitation at their rate of 550 mm / year determine these properties. The predominant type of pollutants, represented mainly by organic substances (petroleum products, phenols, etc.), which are subjected to chemical and biological degradation, also determine these properties. In addition, vertical hydrogeochemical zonality plays an important role. It changes with an increase in the depth of the HCO3/Ca waters of the waters of HCO3/Na composition. At the same time, the salinity of underground water is in the range of 430-600 mg/l, and the hardness decreases from 6.4-7.3 to 0.5-2.3 mmol/l. This determines the possibility of obtaining potable quality water in any part of the industrial zone, where the optimal depths of wells’ filters are 140-160 m.
Estimate Tank Quality Margin
Authors: Gaysin E Sh , Frolov Y A , Nasibullina O A
Published: April 2020

The article addresses the issues of ensuring the reliability of tanks taking into account their life cycle by assessing and maintaining an appropriate level of quality. The work proposes: a structure that allows to assess the quality of such a complex technical system as a tank; Methodology, algorithm and formulas for evaluation of integral quality index.
Development of Engineering and Analytical Models of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field and Magnetic Fluxes of Horizontally Inhomogeneous Flat Geological Structure
Authors: Nim Y A , Gogoleva L P , Illarionova M G
Published: April 2020

The development of multicomponent engineering and analytical model of magnetic flux of a pulsed electromagnetic field of horizontally inhomogeneous electrically conductive structure using the dynamic method of images, solutions of the Laplace and Helmholtz equations, the Fourier spectral method, numerical experiment, and modelling is considered. The most simple but distinctive electrically conductive geological structure in the form of known inclined plane — the contact model of two media, ore-controlling tectonic zones, the boundaries of oil and gas deposits and other stratiform objects, was adopted as horizontal heterogeneity. Since rigorous methods for solving problems of electrodynamics on horizontally heterogeneous bodies are quite complicated and time-consuming, the technology of pulsed electrical exploration in the study of such structures is mainly based on the results of physical modelling and technologies of “related” methods based on measurements of low-frequency harmonic fields. The design and modelling of an engineering and analytical model of pulsed electromagnetic field of horizontally heterogeneous structure are shown. In order to increase the depth of the study and more efficiently assess the horizontal heterogeneity of the section, analytical models of multicomponent fields of the flux of magnetic induction of an inclined conductive structure are presented.
The Urban Environment: the Revival of Russian Harbin
Authors: Kozyrenko N E , Lava D A
Published: April 2020

The research is devoted to the study of the current state of historical buildings in Harbin. This article is about the Pristan area, which was the main functional area of the city in commercial terms. Access to the river Sungari was the main factor. He defined the historical specialization of Pristan - commercial and industrial. A brief overview of the steps involved in the formation of the historical planning of the Pristan area in Harbin is provided in this article. Its features are revealed and the concept of restoration of the historic environment is described.
“Cities are Good for Us”: Assessment of Urban Attractiveness by Students
Authors: Antonova N , Abramova S , Polyakova V
Published: April 2020

The article reveals the foundation of attractiveness of the city as a place of residence, as a place of realization of needs of student youth. The city, as a high-resource territory, becomes a factor in the formation of migration attitudes of the young generation, which acts as a driver for its successful functioning and development. Cities engage in global competition for human resources. The lack of competitive advantages (such as a favourable environment, high level of income, quality of life, developed infrastructure) is becoming a factor of outflow of youth to more attractive areas. In 2017, we conducted a sociological study of students of the city of Yekaterinburg (Russia). Based on a standardized survey of 200 students (71 men and 129 women), as well as on 8 in-depth interviews with 4 women and 4 men, the article argues that the factors of the city’s attractiveness are the conditions contributing to the upward vertical mobility. The most attractive characteristic of the urban environment is the economic, environmental and socio-cultural sustainability, which creates the conditions for the successful implementation of life plans, initiative and innovation. When choosing a city for the realization of their interests, students consider the territory’s ability to provide opportunities for informal interaction and free choice of everyday practices. These indicators of attractiveness demonstrate that students claim their right to the city: they change themselves by changing the city.
Multifactor Correlation-Registration Analysis for Modeling the Regional Social and Economic System in the Informational Adviser System
Authors: Averchenkov A V , Averchenkova E E , Martynenko A A
Published: April 2020

The current state of modeling regional socio-economic systems cannot yet be defined as an effective tool for developing regional policy in the Russian Federation. The article presents an algorithm for modeling a regional socio-economic system for the needs of the developed information advising system. The authors have carried out an algorithm that substantiates the expediency of applying a specific mathematical function to describe trends in increasing indicators for forecasting the socio-economic development of the Russian Federation region in the devised information advising system. The article presents the experience of using multiple regression to simulate the values of the sample indicator of developing the regional socio-economic system “Investments in fixed capital” on the example of the Bryansk region. As the initial data, the departmental expenditure structure of the Bryansk region is used for the departments of economic growth, construction and architecture for 2011-2019. The regression equations are formed, and then the model is evaluated for reliability, and the results of the regression analysis for the estimated indicator are given. The article makes the conclusion that using multifactorial correlation and regression analysis to simulate a regional socio-economic system on the data of the Bryansk region will expand the capabilities of the developed information advising system.
Research on the Process of Sulphatizing Roasting of Copper Slag Flotation Tailings Using Iron Sulphates
Authors: Grudinsky P I , Podjelnikova E S , Dyubanov V G
Published: April 2020

The paper presents a study of sulphatizing roasting using iron (II) and (III) sulphates of copper slag flotation tailings of JSC “SUMZ” (Sredneuralsk Copper Smelter) with high content of silica. Temperature ranges of sulphatizing roasting and necessary amounts of Fe2(SO4)3 and FeSO4 for sulphation of zinc and copper were calculated by thermodynamic software HSC Chemistry 9.9. The laboratory experiments have shown that the degree of extraction of zinc and copper from the roasted samples during water leaching is in the range of 60-79%, while the degree of dissolution of iron is less than 1.1%. The obtained results are better or comparable to the results of direct leaching of copper tailings by strong sulfuric acid.
Development of Damage Evaluation Methods in Uneasily Accessible Units of Oil and Gas Equipment
Authors: Pivovarov V Yu , Duvakina I I
Published: April 2020

The article represents the issue of the possible identification of uneasily accessible assemblies of oil and gas equipment. Sensitivity of the system as a whole to changes occurring in its individual sections was hypothesized and tested. The work was based on the study of the output voltage of the electromagnetic signal with the eddy current control method. A special feature of the experiment was the use of a standard sample for low-cycle fatigue, but with an elongated end, a “tail,” that does not experience deformations. Measurements of the output voltage were carried out with a certain periodicity at four different frequencies of alternating current: 15, 30, 60 and 100 Hz. Analysis of the results showed that the “tail” part of the sample responds to the accumulation of damage in its working area, which made it possible to talk about the possibility of development of a method for remote diagnostics of equipment and structures.
Mathematical Modeling of Biological Activity of Plant Growth Regulators
Authors: Builova E A , Mazitova A K , Yarmuhametova G U
Published: April 2020

The paper dwells upon asymmetrical triazines as plant growth regulators. It presents in vitro and in vivo tests of 1,2,4-triazine compounds. The authors have developed a mathematical model to predict growth promotion, which serves as the basis of the proposed algorithm for projecting the biological efficacy of nitrogen-containing heterocycles.
Wastewater Treatment for Food Processing Industries
Authors: Biragova N F , Tinikashvili N A , Dmitrieva T V
Published: April 2020

Rapid industrialization and urban growth coupled with continual improvement of urban spaces requires addressing the challenges of preventing negative anthropogenic impact on the environment.

In particular, this applies to food processing, a strategic sector that sustainably provides people with high-quality food. Food processing affects water reservoirs the most. Closed cycles are the solution proposed to prevent or reduce the environmental impact of food processing wastes. This will help not only address environmental issues but also optimize the use of natural resources.

Wastewaters contain fodder residues, table salt, detergents, nitrites, phosphates, alkali, acids; they might also contain pathogenic microflora.

This paper presents an optimal technology for the neutralization and deep treatment of AIC wastewaters.
Geochemistry of Water-Dissolved Gases of Oil-and-Gas Bearing Deposits in Northern and Arctic Regions of Western Siberia
Authors: Dultsev F F , Chernykh A V
Published: April 2020

The paper presents a pioneering attempt in the last 35 years, to summarize the accumulated data on geochemistry of water-dissolved gases of oil and gas-bearing deposits in northern and arctic regions of Western Siberia. Water- dissolved gases from all the studied oil/gas fields are characterized by absolute predominance (up to 75-99 vol.%) of the methane series hydrocarbons in their composition. The identified (after the L.M. Zorkin’s classification) four classes of hydrocarbon type of water-dissolved gases (vol.%) are designated as: dry (ΣHH < 1), lean (ΣHH = 1-3), semi-fat (ΣHH = 3-5) and fat (ΣHH> 5). The total gas saturation of groundwaters ranges from 0.3 to 5.7 L/L with CH4 concentrations averaging 95.5 vol.% in the Aptian-Albian-Cenomanian to 83.3 vol.% in the Lower-Middle Jurassic complexes. The levels of homologues ΣHH (C2H6, C3H8, C4H10, C5H12 and C6H14) tend to increase with depth: from 1.34 vol.% in the Aptian-Albian-Cenomanian to 11.67 vol.% in the Lower-Middle Jurassic complex. The maximum ΣHH concentrations reaching 30 vol.% were found at the Neocomian base in the peripheral waters of oil accumulations. CO2 levels show an increasing trend with depth, whereas N2 concentrations tend to decrease. Given the increased depths and more severe temperature conditions, the level of hydrocarbon generation remains high, however hydrocarbon series is characterized by a shift towards liquid components and methane homologues (the main zone of oil/fat gases generation). Therefore, the revealed in the Lower-Middle Jurassic complex highly gas-saturated groundwaters (up to 4.5-5.7 L/L) enriched with methane homologues allow to assess their hydrocarbon prospects as very high.
The Impact of the Medium-Wave UV Radiation on the State of Embryonic Membrane of Amphibian
Authors: Habaeva Z G , Gagloeva M T , Gappoeva V S
Published: April 2020

The relation between the destruction of tertiary egg membrane of an amphibian embryo irradiated during the neurula stage and the dose of radiation was revealed. In order to determine the degree of membrane destruction methylene blue was used which made it possible to evaluate its structural and functional integrity level depending on the dye penetration rate. The longer the exposure time was, the more considerable the destruction of tertiary egg membrane turned out to be: it was gradually losing its shape, structure, and was getting more permeable to dye. These changes provoked the release of the amphibian embryos that started to lose their suspension properties and fell on a Petri plate, yet some of them being of a great vitality.
Rehabilitation of the Biological Activity of the Soil Microbiota and the Structure of the Living Cover of the Soil under Technogenic Burden of the Extractive Industry
Authors: Nevedrov N , Protsenko E , Poluyanov A
Published: April 2020

The article focuses on the features of the morphological, physical and chemical properties of the humus-accumulative embryo soils of nonfunctional stock heap of Mikhailovsky Mining and Concentrating Company (Mikhailovsky MCC). The biological activity of various groups of soil microorganisms: actinomycetes, microfungus and ammonifying saprophytes was studied. The types of plant communities of technogenic territory of overburden stock heap are identified, the main parameters describing the structure and dynamics of phytocenosis are described. It is established that the soils of key catena have high numbers of fungic microflora up to 145 thousand CFU / g in the gray-humus horizon, actinomycetes and ammonifiers have a low level of development. However, as relating to the previously obtained data, a general temporal tendency has been revealed, characterized by the increase in the biological activity and biomass of the groups under consideration, which is clearly observed in areas with soils rich in organic matter and mineral elements.
The Role of Small and Medium-Sized Businesses in the Development of Oil and Gas Fields on the Arctic Shelf of the Russian Federation
Authors: Fadeev A M , Tsukerman V A
Published: April 2020

The article discusses the range of issues of economic interaction between operators of projects on the development of the Arctic shelf and companies supplying products and services for the needs of the oil and gas complex. The authors analyzed the economic multiplier effect arising from the involvement of small and medium-sized enterprises in the implementation of oil and gas projects.

A common opinion is that only large corporations can do such work. Without denying the validity of the judgment on the possibility of implementing oil and gas projects in the Arctic only by experienced companies that have sufficient competence for the safe and efficient performance of work, it is worth noting that the modern structure of the global oil and gas complex (NGC) is largely represented by small and medium-sized enterprises. In 7 out of 10 such companies, the personnel does not exceed 10 people. Very important and indicative is the fact that during the implementation of large-scale projects for the development of hydrocarbon deposits, the share of suppliers of the oil and gas complex accounts for up to 80%.
Protected Area Biodiversity Conservation: Population Dynamics
Authors: Vasilyev M D , Vasilyeva N V , Trofimtsev Yu I
Published: April 2020

One of the methods for protecting the environment and conserving species biodiversity is the creation of protected areas, the task of which is to conserve rare species of animals and plants. The dynamics of populations can be studied quite effectively with the mathematical models. Modeling allows to study all possible scenarios of interaction and development of populations, to evaluate the influence of the environment on the spatial-temporal dynamics of biological communities. The paper considers a non-linear model of a protected population, the feature of which is the presence of a bilocal range and the exchange of species between its parts. It is a system of nonlinear parabolic partial differential equations that describes the dependence of migration flows on the uneven distribution of species in an area with a generalized resource. A complex of programs was coded in Python programming language for numerical study of diffusion models and visualization of the results obtained. Numerical simulation results of cross-diffusion effects and influence of generalized resource are analyzed in detail. The obtained results of research can be used for studying the processes in the protected population, for assessing the size of the protected areas being created, determining the conditions of population degeneration and recommendations for their stable existence.
Risk Factors for Construction and Exploitation of the Industrial Facilities on the Arctic Shelves: Actual Challenges and Perspective Approaches for Adequate Decisions
Authors: Vinogradov A N , Tsukerman V A
Published: April 2020

The bottom sedimental cover on Arctic shelves includes a layer of subaqual permafrost. There are two types of soil grounds within this layer: the conventional 4-phase frozen soils MWIG (“mineral matrix – water – ice – gas”), and the binary type SSGH (“Frozen Soil Saturated by Methane Gas-Hydrates”), which present in fact a mix of MWIG and significant portion of the alternative clathrate subsystem, presented by hydrocarbon gases in icy nano-scaled cells. The SSGH type locates within the gas-hydrate stability zone (HSZ), its upper limit is not constant in a time and may change a depth from 0 meters at the cold glacial epochs up to some hundred meters deeper a surface of sea bottom during the warm interglacial periods. Into the Holocene warm stadia the HSZ depth on the Arctic shelves vary of 50 to 200 meters, but some relics of SSGH soils occur in metastable conditions over the upper limit. Moreover, the lenses of SSGH may to appear near surface in a result of transformation MWIG soil in a stress field under huge gravitational platforms installed on shallow shelf. Geomechanical features of SSGH drastically differ of MWIG, and so for industrial safety it is necessary to provide an advanced and permanent geophysical control of the SSGH abundance and stability under a basement of engineering facilities. The most attractive and reliable approach to those goals is installation around the large industrial objects a fiber optic sensing network, consisting of seismoacoustic and electromagnetic recorders integrated in the single “phase antenna” with digital “big data” processing.
The Relationship of Physical Processes in the Space by the Sun and Their Manifestation in the Lithosphere
Authors: Zubkov A V , Sentyabov S V
Published: April 2020

The multiannual geological, geomechanical and astrophysical studies have proved the periodic expansion and compression of our Galaxy’s stars, the Sun and the Earth. This phenomenon can be the most informative observed on the Earth over millions of years. Over the last 28 years it has been found that there is the changing of the relative deformation and stress state of the Earth’s crust in the Ural underground mines and proved that this is the influence of astrophysical processes in space, and the relative deformation εAF is numerically common to other regions of the Earth.

It has been established that in relative units the radii of the Earth and the Sun vary synchronously and by the same amount. Therefore, the Solar constant and the gravitational constant on Earth are not constant, but change in relative units by the same magnitudes. At extreme values of time variables of stress, catastrophic destruction of ground and underground structures occurs. The situation will escalate by 2020-2024.
The modeling of the Phase-Metric Method of the Geoelectrical Control of Oil Sludge Straits
Authors: Baknin M D , Surzhik D I , Vasilyev G S , Dorofeev N V
Published: April 2020

In the article was provided a simulation of the phasemetric method of geoelectric control of oil sludge straits. Ecological-geochemical and physicochemical properties of oil sludge are considered. The description of the installation used in the work in the form of a model of the fuel and energy complex object is given, the corresponding phase signals are measured for the transverse and longitudinal receiving lines of the electrodes in the presence of simulated oil sludge spills near the soil surface and at a fixed depth relative to it. The necessary illustrative dependencies are given for which characteristic conclusions are made.
Approaches to Engineering Geocryological Zonation of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
Authors: Shestakova A A , Spektor V B , Torgovkin Ya I
Published: April 2020

This paper describes the engineering geocryological zoning of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) which was performed based on analysis of the main controlling factors and their cartographic generalization. Several schematic maps were compiled depicting topography (landforms), geocryological processes, soils and rocks, permafrost conditions and seismicity. The types of engineering geocryological conditions were assessed and scored to classify areas by suitability for engineering. The paper begins with a brief Introduction which clarifies the objectives and importance of the research. The Methods section describes the ranking of control factors adopted for the convenience of zonation. The next section discusses the factors controlling engineering geocryological conditions in Sakha (Yakutia). The Results and Discussion section describes the series of maps produced comprising: a map of morphostructural zonation, a zonation map of geocryological processes intensity, a zonation map of ground and permafrost conditions, a map of seismic zonation. It also presents an integrated analysis of the controlling factors and concludes that the Coastal Lowlands and Shallow Seashelf Region is most challenging for engineering. For further refinement of engineering conditions, it seems advisable to prepare permafrost-landscape, geomorphological and other regional maps that would be useful for assessing economic feasibility of projected developments in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).
The Economic Essence of the Environmental Approach in Urban Planning
Authors: Sarchenko V I , Khirevich S A
Published: April 2020

The article studies the comprehensive multi-layer concept that is associated with the urban environment and whether it is convenient, comfortable, modern and efficient. Environmental approach that involves urban planning and development tools is particularly pertinent in view of the national project “Housing and Urban Environment” being adopted. The authors propose a conceptual model to employ the environmental approach in complex development of urban communities. The proposed model presents the groups within the environment with the corresponding elements, and it was suggested that every element affected the real estate capitalization in a community.
Pedestrian Zone of Voskresenskaya ul. in Kaluga
Authors: Valkin B L
Published: April 2020

Pedestrian zones are an important part of urban landscape. Better urban environment is crucial to better living standards. In 2019, the Russian Government allocated considerable budget for urban development in towns and historic settlements. Among other things, urban development efforts comprise the creation of pedestrian zones. Any such effort should be discussed comprehensively with respect to general city planning, neighborhoods, or even applicably to a precinct. This paper describes Voskresenskaya ulitsa in Kaluga as an example of a multifunctional themed pedestrian zone. What makes the street stand out is the abundance of federally protected architectural and cultural monuments. It is located in the downtown, and the surrounding architectures make it a tourist attraction. The paper analyzes a variety of functional layouts for the street. It further makes proposals on how to theme the street.
Numerical Solutions and Experimental Research in Justification of the Design Model of the Force Interaction of the Reinforcing Beam with the Anchoring Medium
Authors: Belutsky I Y , Sim A D , Grinev P E
Published: April 2020

The paper presents the research and engineering experience in the calculation and design of concrete structural elements, reinforced by fiberglass rods. The construction of a concrete beam reinforced by fiberglass rods is presented. Research in preserving prestressing forces in a beam subjected to weathering for about 30 years is considered. The creation and analysis of concrete-steel connection model is presented using LIRA-SAPR software. This is a work of scholarly interest.
Production of Ethanolamine Salts and Amides of Carboxymethyl Cellulose (Promising Reagents for Oil Production)
Authors: Fakhreeva A V , Voloshin A I , Tomilov Yu V , Dokichev V A
Published: April 2020

The research team has obtained functionalized nitrogen-containing polysaccharides based on affordable low-molecular carboxymethyl cellulose. 90 thousands and ethanolamines. The paper shows that due to the specific reversible adsorption that occurs when seeds are nucleating, these polysaccharides alter the shape of the emerging crystal, inhibit the aggregation and agglomeration of CaCO3 crystals, and reduce their size from 49.6 to 20.2 and 15.4 µm, respectively. Gravimetry shows that the corrosion rate of low-carbon steel 20 in a produced-water model is reduced when continuously running CO2 in the presence of synthesized polysaccharides. The protective effect of the functionalized CMC derivatives is 15.8 to 18.6 percent stronger than for the original biopolymer. The obtained polysaccharide derivatives could be of use for developing corrosion and scaling inhibitors.
Container Transport System as a Means of Saving Resources
Authors: Soloviova L , Strelko O , Isaienko S , Soloviova O , Berdnychenko Yu
Published: April 2020

Analysing the transportation of goods as one of the constituent elements of the transport system, it can be argued that container transport today occupies a leading position in the delivery of goods throughout the world. According to statistics, the total volume of container traffic in the first two months of 2018 was approximately 26 million TEU (twenty-foot equivalent unit is a conventional unit of measure for the capacity of freight vehicles, namely, a 20-foot container), which is 6.7% more than the same index last year. Positive growth rates of container traffic indicate the relevance and scale of this type of transport. Also, thanks to the rapid development of intermodal and multimodal transportation, the volumes of cargo delivery in containers are increasing. Resulting from this, the container transport system, the main components of which are containers and container terminals, can be considered and analyzed as a technology for the conservation of resources.
Pore Water Characterization of the Tight Rocks of Bazhenov Formation Using the Water and Salt Extracts
Authors: Kazak E S , Sorokoumova Ya V
Published: April 2020

The paper presents the results of the pore water composition investigation of tight shales of the Bazhenov Formation rocks of Western Siberia, obtained by integrated interpretation of the experimental data of the water and salt extracts. The two methods of cation exchange capacity (CEC) measurement were applied – Pfeffer and Hexaamminecobalt trichloride method. Both of them showed similar results. CEC varies from 3.45 to 4.53 meq/100 g by Pfeffer method and from 3.51 to 4.35 meq/100 g by Hexaamminecobalt trichloride method. Ca, Na, Mg, K form exchange complex of all studied core samples. According to interrelation (rNa+rK)>rCa the exchange complex type is marine and was inherited from the composition of the paleobasin seawater. It was found that water extract composition depends on the core mineral content, except chlorine, which originates from the pore water. Using the thermodynamic modelling in PHREEQC program, next ratio of exchange cations was found - Na (up to 91%), Mg (up to 5.6%), Ca (up to 2 .6 %) and K (up to 0.8%). According to the calculation using the water extracts results, the pore water salinity changes from 1.23 to 21.96 g/L.
On Spatial Development of the Territories of Arctic Zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
Authors: Tarasov M E , Sleptsov I I , Tarasova-Sivtceva O M
Published: April 2020

This article substantiates necessity of implementation of a strategy of multi-purpose progress in development of territories of the Arctic zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), taking into account harsh natural and climatic conditions. An attempt is made to rank socio-economic goals, and priorities of the economic development of uluses of the Arctic zone are identified. A lot of attention is paid to problems of rational nature management and revival of trading stations. An issue of legislative approval of a procedure for financing of traditional branches of economic management of indigenous peoples of the North, especially northern reindeer breeding, aimed at their preservation, as a way of life and employment of the peoples of the North. The key mechanism of state support is identified as the elimination of administrative barriers by reducing state institutions that oversee the industry, accelerated consideration and harmonization of projects related to the development of traditional industries, eliminating contradictions in judicial practice that creates additional risks in the sphere of financial and economic activity. The need to maintain state support at the same level as today, and the result of the absence of any changes in the part of state regulation.
Organization and Management of Educational Work in Universities in the Light of National Strategic Guidelines for the Development of Education
Authors: Lyapuntsova E V , Belozerova I M , Borkovskaya V G , Drozdova I I , Baranova Y S
Published: April 2020

The main issue of the research is the problem of improving the quality of organization and management of educational activities in Russian Universities within the framework of the state youth policy. As part of the comprehensive and effective development of territories, it is necessary to fulfill the requirements to ensure the development of civil initiatives and high moral qualities of future specialists. Taking into account not only national but also international standards, educational activities in Russian Universities are becoming a priority for the strategic development of education in the country. The aim of the study is to develop a system of criteria for improving the quality of educational activities in Russian Universities within the framework of the state youth policy, the development of civic initiatives and high moral qualities of future specialists. The system of criteria should be multilevel, take into account all stages of interaction. The types and principles of social and educational work in the system of vocational education are considered. The article also contains various forms and methods of education currently implemented in Universities. Summary. The project of Interregional public organization of the League of Higher School Teachers aimed at effective organization of educational work in Universities is presented.
Program-Based Approach to the Industrial Policy Implementation in the Russian Far East: Efficiency and Limitations
Authors: Ivanchenko O G , Titkova A Yu
Published: April 2020

The article analyzes the issues of industrial policy development in the Russian Far East. The development projects and programs implemented in the Far East region are reviewed. The works of Russian and foreign academics examining the project-oriented, program-based, and system approaches to the industrial policy implementation served as a theoretical background. The research methodology is based on the systematization of factors, measures and instruments enabling an assessment of the nature and probability of achieving the main results, as well as the potential consequences of applying various approaches to the industrial policy implementation in the Russian Far East. The conditions of the industrial policy implementation are analyzed. The effects of various approaches on the industrial capacity building in the Far Eastern region are specified. Priority focus of various approaches to the industrial policy implementation in the Russian Far East are defined, their means of accounting for the region-specific factors is determined. It was established that the industrial policy of the Russian Far East is limited to several key export orientation areas.
Advantages of Production and Operation of Innovational Storage Systems in Multimodal LNG-Transportation
Authors: Mamedova L , Gogolukhina M
Published: April 2020

The world gas consumption, as well as the needs in its transportation are growing constantly nowadays. Gas transportation in a liquid form has become a strong competitor for traditional pipelines. LNG can be transported by different transport means by sea, rivers, roads, railway. Tank-containers allow to transport LNG without its reloading into other tanks due to universal container construction. Traditional tank-containers are heavy, have limited lifespan and not sufficient durability. The innovational membrane tank-containers made of aluminum alloy with low scandium content solve the majority of the aforementioned technical problems. They provide the highest level of safety for dangerous cargo transportation, longer operation period and lower weight of the construction. The last two parameters influence positively the economic efficiency of using innovational tank-containers in multimodal LNG-transportation. The research compared the traditional steel and innovational aluminum-scandium tank-containers used in automobile and railway LNG-transportation. The innovational ones are more perspective for investment due to lower operational costs and lower depreciation rates. As an option the manufacturing could be also organized at shipbuilding yards, which are familiar with the technology of LNG-tankers construction. It allows to start new production without significant initial investments, to broaden the market and to increase the level of capacity usage.
An Integrated Solution to Urban and Sea Waste Management Systems: Using Axiomatic Design to Discuss Urban Development Risks
Authors: Dunichkin I V , De Souza C Bleil
Published: April 2020

The problems of preserving the natural environment of the Arctic Ocean and cleaning the Great Pacific Garbage Patch can be used to enrich business activities in the Primorsky Territory of the Russian Federation and the Eastern Sector of the Arctic. In this regard, the infrastructure of the ports of the Northern Sea Route could be seen as a new vector of development, not only taking into account the requirements for eliminating accidents and emergencies from shipwreck and oil spills, but also providing adequate infra-structure for waste treatment. This would connect the underused existing waste management infrastructure with the cleaning of parts of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. The unstable composition of garbage from the Pacific Ocean and the waters of the Northern Sea Route require a consistent multi-level system of water and waste treatment centers using not only ships and ports, but also offshore structure. The article discusses a framework for design solutions for the urban development of the Vladivostok Commercial Sea Port and approaches to maximize the use of waste management facilities in Russky Island, using Axiomatic Design.