bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O brincar e o saber de experiência
Authors: Aulicino Madalena Pedroso , Marcílio Daniela Signorini
Published: January 2022

O brincar é uma atividade livre e séria, possui finalidade autônoma e é um intervalo da vida cotidiana (HUIZINGA, 2005; CAILLOIS, 1990). A criança se desenvolve, adquire experiência, constrói e transmite sua cultura lúdica brincando (WINNICOTT, 1979; BROUGÈRE, 2008). Mas, que brincar é esse promovido e recomendado na atualidade? O objetivo desse artigo é refletir sobre a redução do tempo da infância em prol de uma ideologia da produção e do consumo, que valoriza a informação, o conhecimento e o aprendizado técnico e científico, e reduz o “saber de experiência” (BONDÍA, 2002). Nesse contexto, a retomada do brincar como atividade livre e uma experiência de vida seria uma possibilidade de resistência aos valores vigentes. Constatou-se que os Estudos Culturais como estratégia crítica e política podem contribuir para repensar o brincar hoje.
Midia
Authors: Martins Eduardo Wanderley , Velázquez Carlos
Published: January 2022

O presente texto tem como objetivo refletir sobre a função de mediação da Mídia para o Sagrado, partindo da concepção de Mídia como novo totem nas sociedades contemporâneas. Sob a metodologia indutivoanalítica de base bibliográfica e documental, explora-se a hipótese de que a mídia, como novo totem nas sociedades midiáticas , cumpre a função organizadora, mas não a função mediadora. A mídia não liga as aspirações e necessidades humanas ao Transcendente, encerrando em si mesma a satisfação dessas aspirações através do fornecimento de bens simbólicos, mas que não têm contato com suas fontes originárias – não há relação com o Sagrado. Dessa forma, a mídia se apresenta nas sociedades midiáticas como um totem dessacralizado - oferece bens de grandes valores universais, mas desprovidos de lastro divino.
Cidade Amiga do Idoso como Cidade Educativa : reﬂexões a partir da noção de Educação Permanente de Paulo Freire
Authors: Graeff Bibiana , Gioia Ricardo
Published: January 2022

A problemática da pessoa idosa no Brasil, e em muitas outras sociedades ocidentais, vem se tornando cada vez mais importante, à medida em que o envelhecimento das populações se amplia, e, com ele, os desafios no sentido da inclusão social das mesmas. Este artigo aborda uma das facetas dessa questão, buscando aproximar, do ponto de vista teórico, dois conceitos: o de Cidade Amiga do Idoso, lançado pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) em 2005, e os conceitos de Educação Permanante e Cidades Educativas, de Paulo Freire. A conclusão é a de que os conceitos não somente não são distantes, mas que Cidades Amigas do Idoso necessitam trabalhar para tornarem-se polos de educação permanente, para todas as idades, e principalmente para os idosos.
Atualidade/necessidade do pensamento de Paulo Freire: a experiência da prática docente em um cursinho popular
Authors: De Luca Angélica , Infante-Malachias María Elena
Published: January 2022

Neste artigo, apresentamos uma interpretação à luz do pensamento de Paulo Freire sobre a prática de um cursinho popular localizado na cidade de Itapevi, região periférica da grande São Paulo. As práticas desses cursinhos podem reatualizar o pensamento de Paulo Freire e preservá-lo do esquecimento ou da ruína de leituras distorcidas e equivocadas. O estudo realizado a partir de um grupo focal com quatro professores voluntários revelou que estes professores, embasados em uma concepção de educação para além do que é “possível”, propõem e oferecem uma formação humana crítica aos seus estudantes, questionam a própria prática educativa e o vestibular. A educação popular desenvolvida nos cursinhos populares, além de atualizar a relevância políticopedagógica do pensamento de Paulo Freire,torna-se cada vez mais urgente e necessária para que se consolide uma verdadeira cultura democrática.
Associations Between Blood Pressure and Accelerated DNA Methylation Aging
Authors: Xiao Lili , Zan Gaohui , Liu Chaoqun , Xu Xia , Li Longman , Chen Xing , Zhang Zhiyong , Yang Xiaobo
Published: January 2022

Background

Individuals of the same chronological age may exhibit diverse susceptibilities to death. However, few studies have investigated the associations between blood pressure and the accelerated aging.

Methods and Results

A cross‐sectional study was conducted in 288 adults aged ≥50 years. We assessed the DNA methylation‐based measures of biological age using CpG sites on the Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC BeadChip. Epigenetic age acceleration metrics were derived by regressing residuals (ΔAge) and ratios (aging rate) of DNA methylation age on chronological age. Dose‐response relationships between blood pressure and epigenetic age acceleration were quantified using multiple linear regression and restricted cubic regression models. We found that each 10–mm Hg increase in systolic blood pressure was associated with 0.608 (95% CI, 0.231–0.984) years increase in ΔAge and 0.007 (95% CI, 0.002–0.012) increase in aging rate; meanwhile, for pulse pressure, the increase was 1.12 (95% CI, 0.625–1.61) years for ΔAge and 0.013 (95% CI, 0.007–0.020) for aging rate. Subgroup analysis showed that the significant associations of systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure with epigenetic age acceleration appeared to be limited to women, although interactions between blood pressure and sex were not significant (
P
values for interaction >0.05). The combination of women and hypertension was associated with a much higher increase in ΔAge (β [95% CI], 4.05 [1.07–7.02]) and aging rate (β [95% CI], 0.047 [0.008–0.087]), compared with male participants without hypertension.

Conclusions

Our findings suggested that high systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure were associated with the epigenetic age acceleration, providing important clues for relationships between blood pressure and epigenetic aging.
Dóra Maurer: Proportions & Timing
Authors: Gabrí Carla
Published: January 2022

This paper aims at re-evaluating two of Hungarian artist Dóra Mauer’s films, the video work Proportions (1979) and the 16mm film Timing (1973/80). Both films follow a rigid structure. In Proportions, Maurer uses a paper roll to compare her own body measures repeatedly; in Timing, she repeatedly folds a white linen to compare the rhythm of her arm movements. Through her use of paper and the gesture of folding, the two films can be read as references to the very origin of the term format, as coined in early letterpress printing. When the notion of format is understood as a determination of a ratio and, as such, as an indexical reference to given social relationships (Summers, 2003), these films unfold sociocultural and political meanings. The present paper traces this spectrum of meaning through the pointed inclusion of historical discourses surrounding early motion studies, the art scene in socialist Hungary in the 1970s, and early time experiments before the advent of precision clocks.
Longitudinal assessment of disability amongst patients of bipolar and unipolar depressive disorders presenting to a tertiary care center in North India
Authors: Sagar Rajesh , Sen Mahadev Singh , Kumar Nand , Chawla Nishtha
Published: January 2022

Objectives:

To assess and compare the changes in disability scores associated with Bipolar Depression (BD) and Unipolar Depression (UD) over 1 year.

Methods:

A longitudinal study was taken up in adults diagnosed with unipolar or bipolar depressive disorder with current depressive episode. Diagnosis was made according to Schedule for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry. Severity scoring was done using Hamilton’s Depression (HAM-D) rating scale and Hamilton’s Anxiety (HAM-A) rating scale. Disability was assessed using Indian Disability Evaluation and Assessment Scale (IDEAS) and London handicap Scale (LHS) at baseline, 6 and 12 months.

Results:

Sixty participants were recruited (42 UD and 18 BD). No significant differences were seen in socio-demographic parameters, except higher education levels and males being overrepresented in UD. Significant differences at baseline were seen in HAM-D ( p = .001) and HAM-A ( p = .003) scores. The extent of disability was seen to correlate with severity of illness only in case of BD at baseline. No significant differences were seen in the IDEAS scores at baseline. IDEAS score improved at each follow-up assessment ( p < .001). LHS showed significant improvement over time in UD ( p < .001), but not BD ( p = .076). Percentage individuals meeting cut-off for benchmark disability (>40%) were comparable at baseline but were significantly more in the BD at 12-months ( p = .049).

Conclusion and implications:

Disability in psychiatry occurs equally amongst unipolar and bipolar depressive disorders and tends to improve over time, although the level of improvement may differ. It may not always correspond to severity of illness. These factors should be considered while certifying disability.
Acoustic and Kinematic Correlates of Heterosyllabicity in Different Phonological Contexts
Authors: Celata Chiara , Meluzzi Chiara , Bertini Chiara
Published: January 2022

We investigate the temporal and kinematic properties of consonant gemination and heterosyllabic clusters as opposed to singletons and tautosyllabic clusters in Italian. The data show that the singleton versus geminate contrast is conveyed by specific kinematic properties in addition to systematic durational differences in both the consonantal and vocalic intervals; by contrast, tautosyllabic and heterosyllabic clusters differ significantly for the duration of the consonantal interval but do not vary systematically with respect to the vocalic interval and cannot be consistently differentiated at the kinematic level. We conclude that systematic variations in acoustic vowel duration and the kinematics of tongue tip gestures represent the phonetic correlates of the segmental phonological contrast between short and long consonants, rather than of syllable structure. Data are only partly consistent with the predictions of both moraic and gesture-based models of the syllable about the effects of syllable structure on speech production dynamics and call for a more gradient view of syllabification.
Piecewise Structural Equation Modeling of the Quantity Implicature in Child Language
Authors: Grinstead John , Ortiz-Ramírez Pedro , Carreto-Guadarrama Ximena , Arrieta-Zamudio Ana , Pratt Amy , Cantú-Sánchez Myriam , Lefcheck Jonathan , Melamed David
Published: January 2022

We review an array of experimental methodological factors that either contribute to or detract from the measurement of pragmatic implicatures in child language. We carry out a truth value judgment task to measure children’s interpretations of the Spanish existential quantifier algunos in implicature-consistent and implicature-inconsistent contexts. Independently, we take measures of children’s inhibition, working memory, attention, approximate number ability, phrasal syntax, and lexicon. We model the interplay of these variables using a piecewise structural equation model (SEM), common in the life sciences, but not in the social and behavioral sciences. By 6 years of age, the children in our sample were not statistically different from adults in their interpretations. Syntax, lexicon, and inhibition significantly predict implicature generation, each accounting for unique variance. The approximate number system and inhibition significantly predict lexical development. The statistical power of the piecewise SEM components, with a sample of 64 children, is high, in comparison to a traditional, globally estimated SEM of the same data.
‘Every Woman Wants to Know What Came out of Her Body’: Grief Experiences of Women After Stillbirth in Nigeria
Authors: Popoola Tosin , Skinner Joan , Woods Martin
Published: January 2022

Stillbirth commonly affects women in Nigeria, but their experiences of grief following stillbirth is under explored. This study aimed to describe Nigerian women’s experiences of grief after stillbirth. Face-to-face, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 women in Nigeria who experienced stillbirth. The results from the thematic analysis suggest that mothers had an unmet need to see their stillborn baby, and they experienced communication challenges such as being blindsided/misled about the baby during their interactions with health personnel. The participants experienced emotional and psychological reactions to grief that manifested in the form of emotional pain, sadness, blame and shock, but having a sense of gratitude helped them cope. The findings of this study highlight gaps in bereavement care and suggest the need for basic bereavement training for health personnel.
The Experiences of People With Advanced Cancer and Professionals Participating in a Program With Focus on Rehabilitation and Palliative Care
Authors: Raunkiær Mette
Published: January 2022

The study’s aim is to explore the experiences of people with advanced cancer and professionals participating in a program with focus on rehabilitation and palliative care. The study is based on two adjusted rehabilitation programs for 33 people with advanced cancer and 12 professionals. An observational study was conducted among the participants and two focus group interviews with 10 professionals. The analytic themes were “Lightness and happiness to gain control in everyday life,” “Community and closeness,” and “Training as a happiness and changing agent.” The activities had to support physical functions and everyday activities promoting body identity and well-being as well as emotions like closeness, lightness, and happiness in groups with like-minded people and at home with a partner and other family members. These activities and theory of emotions and body can expand the understanding of palliative care and rehabilitation as separated or integrated perspectives theoretical and in practice.
Targeting the Transition Goals of Teens Through Executive Function Support
Authors: Payne S. Blair , Swanson Elizabeth
Published: January 2022

Executive functions, which begin developing in early childhood, are necessary for the tasks of daily life, such as decision making and planning. Despite their early development, often without teaching, many teens with disabilities need explicit instruction to acquire and apply executive functions each day. Gaps in executive functions directly impact a teens ability to achieve post-secondary success, as executive functions support planning, goal setting, and organization. This article provides instruction on how to support teens with disabilities on three executive functions: (a) building habits that form routines, (b) utilizing sensory reminders to manage time, and (c) applying a planning tool. This article also instructs teachers on embedding executive function instruction within transition planning for individualized education programs.
Death in Sadistic Sexual Crimes: A Neural Network Analysis of Factors Associated With a Lethal Outcome
Authors: Chopin Julien , Beauregard Eric , Dietz Park
Published: January 2022

This study aims to determine the factors associated with the victim’s death in sadistic sexual crimes. Specifically, this article examined whether the lethal outcome is more likely to be associated with an escalation of violence during the crime-commission process, an instrumental motivation, or the manifestation of specific sadistic fantasies. We used a database including 735 cases of sadistic sexual assaults. Among this sample, 100 sadistic sexual assaults ended with a lethal outcome. Bivariate analyses, logistic regression, and neural network models were used to identify how the different factors predicted the lethal outcome of sadistic crimes. Our results show that the expression of sadistic behaviors associated with torture and/or bodily punishment plays a fundamental role in the lethal outcome of sadistic sexual crimes. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Band of Brothers or Band of Others?: Rhetoric, Veterans, and Civil Rights Fights in Germany and the United States
Authors: Vasquez Joseph Paul , Napier Walter W.
Published: January 2022

Research suggests that marginalized groups can use military service to win greater governmental and social acceptance by using civic republican rhetoric, however, conditions in which claims-making rhetoric is coercive are underspecified. Because rhetorical effectiveness requires sympathetic ears, we examine the influence of (1) expectations and political efforts of marginalized group members seeking greater acceptance, (2) whether majority group economic status is outpacing marginalized groups seeking improved treatment, and (3) whether marginalized groups have influential military veterans from majority groups as allies. We apply these factors to explain the claims-making failure of German Jews following the First World War and the success of African Americans after the Second World War. From the African American case, we also conclude that military service led to greater socio-political inclusion and rights based on development of future political actors through leadership development processes and inter-group contact, especially regarding Presidents Truman and Eisenhower.
The relationship between sentiment score and COVID-19 cases in the United States
Authors: Luu Truong (Jack) P , Follmann Rosangela
Published: January 2022

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) continues to have devastating effects across the globe. No nation has been free from the uncertainty brought by this pandemic. The health, social and economic tolls associated with it are causing strong emotions and spreading fear in people of all ages, genders and races. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, many have expressed their feelings and opinions related to a wide range of aspects of their lives via Twitter. In this study, we consider a framework for extracting sentiment scores and opinions from COVID-19–related tweets. We connect users’ sentiment with COVID-19 cases across the United States and investigate the effect of specific COVID-19 milestones on public sentiment. The results of this work may help with the development of pandemic-related legislation, serve as a guide for scientific work, as well as inform and educate the public on core issues related to the pandemic.
Development and initial validation of productive vocabulary tests for isiZulu, Siswati and English in South Africa
Authors: Wilsenach Carien , Schaefer Maxine
Published: January 2022

Multilingualism in education is encouraged in South Africa, and children are expected to become bilingual and biliterate during the early primary grades. Much focus has been placed on measuring literacy in children’s first language, often the medium of instruction (MOI), and English, the language typically used as MOI from fourth grade. However, vocabulary development in African contexts is underexplored, owing to the cost of existing English standardized tests, and the comparatively fewer linguistically and contextually appropriate vocabulary assessments in African languages. To address this gap, we document the development of corpus-informed contextually appropriate tests of productive vocabulary in isiZulu, Siswati, and English, which were used for a project evaluation. The initial validation phase included 412 children. Both tests were reliable and were concurrently validated with reading comprehension tests in each language, and oral language skills in English. This study contributes to our understanding of the factors that affect the variation in vocabulary knowledge in an African context, including age, grade repetition, and vocabulary in the other language. Only English vocabulary was affected by the remote rural location of the school. We recommend some modifications to the tests before they are validated further in other populations.
Adaptive obstacle climbing and hydrodynamic performance analyses of the amphibious robot with wheels and flexible undulating fins
Authors: Yin Qian , Xia Minghai , Luo Zirong , Shang Jianzhong
Published: January 2022

In this paper, an amphibious robot with flexible undulating fins and self-adaptive climbing wheels are proposed for satisfying the needs of industrial applications. The structure of the climbing mechanism and undulating fin are firstly designed. Then, the adaptive obstacle climbing and the hydrodynamic characteristics are investigated through numerical simulations by using the Adams and Fluent, respectively. Finally, the experimental measurements of the land walking and underwater propulsion are studied. The numerical results illustrate that the amphibious robot could climb the vertical obstacle adaptively. In the underwater marching pattern, the underwater velocity could reach 1 m/s. In the rotating and yawing patterns, the angular velocity increases to the certain value while the rotating angle keeps increasing. The robot moves forward and turns around with the difference frequency of the undulating fins. The underwater propulsion and land-walking experiments show good swimming performance and the obstacle crossing ability of the amphibious robot, respectively, which verify the numerical simulation.
Aripiprazole in young people with early psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of weight gain
Authors: Parmar Arti , Hulme Donald , Hacking Daniel , Shymko Gordon , Dragovic Milan , Terina Grace , Waters Flavie
Published: January 2022

Objective:

Aripiprazole is often prescribed to young people, although there remain unanswered questions about its effects on weight gain. This study undertook a meta-analysis of weight gain occurring in young people with early psychosis who were prescribed aripiprazole.

Method:

A systematic search was conducted for studies reporting on aripiprazole and weight change in young people with a psychotic disorder. A meta-analysis integrated the data into an estimate of effect size.

Results:

Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria amounting to 886 participants (mean age 18 years). The results showed significant weight gain averaging 2.7 kg. These increases were associated with a longer duration of exposure to aripiprazole but not a higher dosage.

Conclusions:

The results highlight the importance of regular patient monitoring and the early implementation of interventions to manage antipsychotic-related weight gain.
The Role of Education in Breast Cancer Beliefs and Screening Practices Among Korean Women – A quantitative study
Authors: Kwok Cannas , Lee Mi-Joung , Lee Chun Fan
Published: January 2022

Introduction:

Cultural beliefs are influential factors that affect breast cancer screening practices among Korean women. The aim of this study was to examine the role of educational levels and compare the cultural beliefs associated with breast cancer screening practices among immigrant Korean women in Australia with those of their counterparts in Korea.

Methods:

A secondary analysis based on data from convenience samples of 245 and 249 Korean women living in Australia and Korea, respectively. Data were collected by the Korean version of Breast Cancer Screening Beliefs Questionnaire.

Results:

Educational level has a significant association with Korean women’s cultural beliefs about breast cancer and breast cancer screening practices regardless of country of residence.

Discussion:

Nurses working in multicultural societies should take cultural beliefs and the role of education into account while designing strategies to promote breast cancer screening practices among immigrant Korean women.
Modeling and analysis of an electro-magneto-elastic rotating cylindrical tube actuator
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Yadav Vinod , Sarangi Somnath
Published: January 2022

This paper presents the static modeling and analysis of a novel cylindrical tube actuator subjected to a rotation about longitudinal axis with an internally applied air pressure under an electromagnetic field. The current tube actuator belongs to a smart actuator category and is made of an electro-magneto-active polymer filled with a particular volume fraction of suitable fillers. A continuum mechanics-based electro-magneto-mechanical model is developed to predict the response of the actuator for a combined pressure and electromagnetic field loading. To validate the same, the model is compared with the outputs of an existing spring roll actuator. Parametric studies are subsequently performed for varying input pressure, electric field, magnetic field, fillers content, and actuator’s rotational speed. The output sensitivity in terms of strain intensity at inner and outer surfaces of the actuator is also checked at different controlling inputs. In addition, various electro-magneto-mechanical instability curves are drawn to examine the critical inflation of the tube actuator. In general, the developed model provides initial steps toward the modern actuator designs for applications where a precise control with high load-carrying capability of the actuator plays a significant role.
Reliability-based topology optimization of piezoelectric smart structures with voltage uncertainty
Authors: Yang Bo , Cheng Changzheng , Wang Xuan , Meng Zeng , Homayouni-Amlashi Abbas
Published: January 2022

Currently, most of the piezoelectric structures are designed under deterministic conditions, where the influence of uncertain factors on the output motion accuracy is ignored. In this work, a probabilistic reliability-based topology optimization method for piezoelectric structure is proposed to deal with the working voltage uncertainty. A nested double-loop optimization algorithm of minimizing the total volume while satisfying the reliability requirement of the displacement performance is established, where the PEMAP-P (piezoelectric material with penalization and polarization) model is used for parameterization of stiffness matrix, piezoelectric coupling matrix, and polarization direction. This strategy consists of an inner loop for reliability analysis and an outer loop for topology optimization. The reliability index approach based on most probable point (MPP) is used for realizing the evaluation of reliability constraint in reliability analysis. The sensitivities of reliability constraint with respect to the random variables and design variables are detailed using the adjoint variable method. Typical examples are performed to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed RBTO method. A comparison of the optimization results for different reliability indexes, standard deviations of the voltage, spring stiffnesses, and displacement limits are conducted, as well as the deterministic topology optimization results.
An SMA cable-based negative stiffness seismic isolator: Development, experimental characterization, and numerical modeling
Authors: Cao Sasa , Ozbulut Osman E , Shi Fei , Deng Jiangdong
Published: January 2022

Shape memory alloy (SMA)-based seismic isolation systems can successfully reduce the peak and residual displacements of bridges during strong earthquake, but they commonly lead to an increased force demands in substructure. This study explores the development of an SMA cable-based negative stiffness isolator to alleviate this problem. The proposed isolator is composed of superelastic SMA cables and a frictional sliding bearing with convex surfaces. The frictional sliding bearing limit the forces transferred to the superstructure and provides energy dissipation, while its built-in negative stiffness mechanism reduces the force demands in substructure. SMA cables provide critical restoring forces, additional energy dissipation, and displacement-limiting capacity. Based on the force balance, the negative stiffness and restoring requirements of the SMA cable-based negative stiffness isolator were analyzed first. Then, a prototype large-scale isolator was designed and fabricated. Next, the experimental testing of the developed isolator was performed under two different vertical load levels. Finally, finite element modeling of the proposed isolator was conducted, and the simulation results and experimental results were compared and discussed. The proposed isolator generates lower forces than the SMA-based zero and positive stiffness isolators and can exhibit stable energy dissipation capabilities with very good displacement-limiting and self-centering capabilities.
A Hermite interpolation element-free Galerkin method for piezoelectric materials
Authors: Ma Xiao , Zhou Bo , Xue Shifeng
Published: January 2022

Piezoelectric materials have played an important role in industry due to a number of beneficial properties. However, most numerical methods for the piezoelectric materials need mesh, in which the mesh generation and remeshing are prominent difficulties. This paper proposes a Hermite interpolation element-free Galerkin method (HIEFGM) for piezoelectric materials, where the Hermite approximate approach and interpolation element-free Galerkin method (IEFGM) are combined. Based on the constitutive equation, geometric equation, and Galerkin integral weak form, the HIEFGM formulation for piezoelectric materials is established. In the proposed method, the problem domain is discretized by many nodes rather than the meshes, so the pre-processing of numerical computation is simplified. Furthermore, a new approximation technique based on the moving least squares method and Hermite approximate approach is used to derive the approximation function of field quantities. The derived approximation function has the Kronecker delta property and considers the field quantity normal derivatives of boundary nodes, which avoids the problem of imposing the essential boundary conditions and improves the accuracy of meshless approximation. The effects of the scaling factor, node density, and node arrangement on the accuracy of the proposed method are investigated. Numerical examples are given for assessing the proposed method and the results uniformly demonstrate the proposed method has excellent performance in analyzing piezoelectric materials.
Aligned and Divergent Perceptions of Support Persons’ Role in Triadic Gynecologic Cancer Communication
Authors: Lee Lauren E. , Greene Kathryn , Venetis Maria K. , Bontempo Allyson C. , Catona Danielle , Buckley de Meritens Alexandre , Devine Katie A.
Published: January 2022

Health care providers routinely advise cancer patients to involve support persons in oncology care to fulfill critical support roles. This qualitative descriptive study explored alignment of triadic perceptions of support person involvement in oncology treatment visits and cancer-related care from the perspectives of patients with gynecologic cancer ( n = 18), regular visit-attending support people ( n = 16), and health care providers ( n = 10), including oncologists, nurses, and medical assistants. Semi-structured interviews ( N = 44) captured perceptions of facilitation and interference of support persons' roles within and outside appointments with oncology providers. Thematic analyses revealed alignment and divergence regarding support persons' instrumental, informational, and emotional support behaviors. Perspectives aligned regarding what support functions companions provide. However, patients and support persons emphasized the significance of instrumental followed by informational and emotional support, whereas oncology providers highlighted informational, followed by emotional and instrumental support. Discussion provides insight into each role’s perspective in the triad.
Writing Radically as Women With Virginia Woolf: Why?
Authors: Mackinlay Elizabeth , Madden Karen , Mickelburgh Renee , Green Mel
Published: January 2022

In a short essay titled “Why,” Virginia Woolf daringly questioned the ways in which knowledge is produced, performed, and proclaimed as particular kinds of truths in institutions of power and authority, including academic writing. She subversively suggested, “The little twisted sign that comes at the end of the question has a way of making the rich writhe” and advised that such questions choose their “asking place with care”. In this article, we suggest that the “post” scholarship moment is the moment to ask new questions about the ways Woolfian inspired life-writing as a performance of self and social worlds might be engaged to trouble and open up what the “product” and performance of academic work, words, and worlds might come to be.
Pseudodiverticulum of the Cervical Esophagus With Remnant of Branchial Tissues in a Newborn: A Case Report
Authors: Prevost Anne-Sophie , Bannoura Sami , Ngan Bo-Yee , Siu Jennifer M , Ziai Hedyeh , Campisi Paolo
Published: January 2022

Congenital pseudodiverticula of the esophagus are very rare. This case report describes the presentation, management and histopathology of a peudodiverticulum of the cervical esophagus in a neonate. The infant presented with respiratory distress and a right neck mass that required surgical excision. Pathology revealed a pseudodiverticulum that contained ectopic thymic, thyroid, and parathyroid tissue within the wall of the lesion. The presence of ectopic tissues of branchial origin and an aberrant right subclavian artery suggest an error in branchial development and neural crest cell migration.
Sero-Prevalence of HBV and its Associated Factors Among Healthcare Providers in Public Health Facilities in Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Abate Degu , Tolera Abebe , Hawulte Behailu , Tesfa Tewodros , Geleto Ayele
Published: January 2022

Background:

Healthcare providers are in high occupational risk of Hepatitis B virus infection than that of the general population because of the high risk of occupational exposure to patients’ body fluids and accidental sharp injuries. There are no large facility-based studies conducted on the prevalence of HBV infection and its associated factors among health care providers in eastern Ethiopia.

Objective:

This study aimed at investigating the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus and its associated factors among the healthcare providers in public health facilities in eastern Ethiopia.

Methods:

A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 438 randomly selected healthcare providers in eastern Ethiopia from March to June 2018. Pretested structured questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics and other risk factors. In addition, a 2.5 ml blood was collected and the serum was analyzed for Hepatitis B surface antigen using the Instant Hepatitis B surface antigen kit. Data were entered using Epidata version 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS statistical packages version 22. Descriptive summary measures were used. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was conducted at 95% CI. An association at P-value <.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

A total of 438 (92.02% response rate) health care providers have participated in this study. The prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection was 9.6%. There were no significant differences in the HBV infection rates among healthcare providers with respect to socio-demographic characteristics ( P-value >.05). After adjusting for some variables, the following variables remained statistically significantly associated with HBsAg positive result in the multivariable analysis: exposure to body fluids (AOR = 3.0; 95% CI [1.25, 7.05]), history of needle stick injury (AOR = 4.70; 95% CI [2.10, 10.55]), history of operation/surgery (AOR = 4.88, 95% CI [1.43, 16.62]), history of multiple sexual partner (AOR = 7.48; 95% CI [2.08, 26.96]), and being unvaccinated (AOR = 6.09; 95% CI [2.75, 13.51]).

Conclusion:

This study showed a high prevalence of HBV infection among health care providers in eastern Ethiopia. This is significant because health professionals may be at increased risk of chronic complications and may also be source of infection for their clients and general population during their healthcare practice. Management commitment that should focus on occupational safety and health promotions is necessary.
Intrusion of the maxillary posterior teeth with a single buccal mini-implant positioned bilaterally in young adults with a tendency towards hyperdivergence: A clinical study
Authors: Felicita A Sumathi , Wahab Thameem UL
Published: January 2022

Background:

Skeletal anchorage systems have been used for intrusion of the posterior teeth with satisfactory results. To achieve this, mini-implants are placed at anatomically challenging sites such as the palate or require several mini-implants to produce the desired effect.

Objective:

To determine the magnitude of intrusion of the maxillary posterior teeth achieved on a continuous arch wire using a single buccal mini-implant placed bilaterally in young patients with a tendency towards hyperdivergence and to evaluate its influence on the skeletal, dental and soft-tissue structures.

Methods:

A total of 17 patients with proclination of the anterior teeth, tendency towards hyperdivergence and clockwise rotation of the mandible were selected. First premolars were extracted as part of treatment protocol. A 0.022-MBT bracket prescription was used. Mini-implants were placed bilaterally on the buccal aspect at the mucogingival junction or slightly gingival to it between the maxillary second premolar and first permanent molar. A total of 200 g of intrusive force was placed from a continuous 0.019 × 0.025 inch stainless-steel arch wire to the mini-implant by means of an elastomeric thread on both sides. Lateral cephalograms and study models were taken before the start of intrusion and six months later. Parametric and non-parametric tests were done to assess treatment results.

Results:

Significant intrusion was observed in the maxillary molar and premolar region with tendency towards intrusion in the anterior region. There was significant decrease in lower anterior facial height (LAFH) with anti-clockwise mandibular rotation, decrease in facial proportion index and total facial height. No changes were observed in the transverse plane.

Conclusion:

Intrusion of the permanent maxillary molar can be achieved on a continuous arch wire with a single buccal mini-implant placed bilaterally with improvement in facial aesthetics, especially in the vertical plane. This method may be beneficial in patients with borderline vertical discrepancy treated with conventional friction mechanics during space closure after first premolar extractions.
Archaeology, Indigenous erasure, and the creation of white public space at the California missions
Authors: Panich Lee M
Published: January 2022

This paper explores how the materiality of the past has been mobilized to simultaneously erase Indigenous presence and create white public space at Spanish mission sites in California. As the site of present-day Santa Clara University, Mission Santa Clara de Asís presents an important case study. The documentary record associated with more than a century of archaeology at the mission reveals its intersections with heritage-making, particularly the maintenance of public memory that privileges and valorizes whiteness. These same records further detail how the university and local residents effectively erased the heritage of the thousands of Ohlone people and members of neighboring Indigenous groups who lived, worked, and died at Mission Santa Clara. Recognizing how archaeology has contributed to the current heritage landscape at Santa Clara and other California mission sites is a necessary first step in the creation of new archaeological and heritage practices that center the experiences and persistence of Native Californian communities.
Comparative study of offshore spar-buoy oscillating water column dynamic models for captured power estimation
Authors: Bayoumi Seif , Oterkus Erkan , El-Gamal Hassan , Incecik Atilla
Published: January 2022

The prompt estimation of power and geometrical aspects enables faster and more accurate financial assessment of wave energy converters to be deployed. This may lead to better commercialisation of wave energy technologies, as they require location-based customisation, unlike the mature wind energy technologies with developed benchmark. The adopted approach provides simple and efficient modelling tool allowing the study of the system from different perspective. The aim of this study is to select the optimum dynamic model to predict the captured power of a spar-buoy Oscillating Water Column (OWC) wave energy converter. Four dynamic models were developed to predict the system dynamics and results were validated experimentally. In-depth investigations on the effect of the mass and damping ratios of the oscillating bodies on the accuracy of the adopted models were performed. Such investigations included the proposed one-way coupling model and three two-degree of freedom models and three reduced-scale models, in addition to analytical and numerical solutions. Pneumatic power was calculated for the reduced-scale model where orifices’ covers simulated the power take-off mechanism damping experimentally. Analysis and comparisons between the adopted models are finally provided.
Crack detection of concrete structures using deep convolutional neural networks optimized by enhanced chicken swarm algorithm
Authors: Yu Yang , Rashidi Maria , Samali Bijan , Mohammadi Masoud , Nguyen Thuc N , Zhou Xinxiu
Published: January 2022

With the rapid increase of ageing infrastructures worldwide, effective and robust inspection techniques are highly demanding to evaluate structural conditions and residual lifetime. The damages on structural surfaces, for example, spalling, crack, rebar buckling and exposure, are important indicators to assess the structural condition. In fact, several state-of-the-art automated inspection techniques using these indicators have been developed to reduce human-conducted onsite inspection activities. However, the efficiency of these techniques is still required to be improved in terms of accuracy and computational cost. In this study, a vision-based crack diagnosis method is developed using deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) and enhanced chicken swarm algorithm (ECSA). A DCNN model is designed with a deep architecture, consisting of six convolutional layers, two pooling layers and three fully connected layers. To enhance the generalisation capacity of trained model, ECSA is introduced to optimize meta-parameters of the DCNN model. The model is trained and tested using image patches cropped from raw images obtained from damaged concrete samples. Finally, a comparative study on different crack detection techniques is conducted to evaluate performance of the proposed method via a group of statistical evaluation indicators.
A Systematic Review of Specialty Courts in the United States for Adolescents Impacted by Commercial Sexual Exploitation
Authors: Godoy Sarah M. , Perris Georgia E. , Thelwell Mikiko , Osuna-Garcia Antonia , Barnert Elizabeth , Bacharach Amy , Bath Eraka P.
Published: January 2022

Nationwide efforts to enhance services for adolescents experiencing commercial sexual exploitation (CSE) in the judicial system have led to the emergence of specialty courts, including human trafficking and girls’ courts. Given that prior research has documented competing stances on the effectiveness of specialty courts for CSE-impacted populations, we conducted a systematic review of the literature to identify key characteristics of programming, profiles of adolescents served, and effectiveness of these courts. To identify relevant research and information, we systematically searched scholarly databases and information sources, conducted reference harvesting, and forwarded citation chaining. Articles presenting primary data with quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methodologies or programmatic descriptions of specialty courts serving adolescents at risk or with confirmed histories of CSE that were published after 2004 were included. We identified 39 articles on 21 specialty courts serving adolescents at risk or with confirmed histories of CSE, including seven specialty courts with evaluation or outcome data. Across specialty courts, adolescents benefited from an increase in linkage to specialized services, improved residential placement stability, and reduction in recidivism—measured by new criminal charges. Specialty court participation was also associated with improved educational outcomes and decreased instances of running away. A lack of empirical data, specifically of evaluation studies, emerged as a weakness in the literature. Still, findings support that specialty courts can be an integral judicial system response to CSE. Multidisciplinary collaboration can help target and respond to the multifaceted needs of adolescents, encourage healthy behaviors, and promote their overall wellness.
No Mortality Signal With Stellarex Low-Dose Paclitaxel DCB: ILLUMENATE Pivotal 4-Year Outcomes
Authors: Lyden Sean P. , Faries Peter L. , Niazi Khusrow A. K. , Sachar Ravish , Jain Ash , Brodmann Marianne , Werner Martin , Sood Ami , Krishnan Prakash
Published: January 2022

Background:

Paclitaxel-coated balloons have shown safety and efficacy in the short- to intermediate-term; however, long-term data remain limited.

Objectives:

To report late safety and efficacy outcomes for a low-dose paclitaxel drug-coated balloon (DCB) compared with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) in femoropopliteal lesions from a large randomized controlled trial (RCT).

Methods:

ILLUMENATE Pivotal is a multicenter, single-blind RCT conducted across 43 US and EU centers to examine the safety and efficacy of the Stellarex DCB for the treatment of femoropopliteal disease. Assessments were recorded for all active patients at 36 and 48 months. Vital status of patients formally exited from the study was also collected.

Results:

Primary patency through 36 months for patients treated with DCB was significantly higher compared with PTA (p=0.016). The primary safety endpoint through 36 months was 77.4% and 72.4%, respectively (p=0.377). Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that a higher proportion of DCB subjects were event-free compared with PTA at all study visits. The rate of major adverse event (MAE) through 48 months was 32.9% in the DCB group and 37.9% in the PTA group (p=0.428). No differences in the rate of mortality were evident through 48 months of follow-up with 15.6% in the DCB group and 15.2% in the PTA group (p=0.929).

Conclusions:

Stellarex DCB was associated with significantly higher patency compared with PTA through 3 years with no mortality difference detected through 4 years. The data from the ILLUMENATE Pivotal RCT support the long-term safety and efficacy of the low-dose Stellarex DCB.
Arthroscopic transosseous foveal footprint repair of the triangular fibrocartilage complex
Authors: Yang Chen-Yuan , Chen Wei-Jen
Published: January 2022

Foveal disruption of the triangular fibrocartilage complex contributes to the instability of distal radioulnar joint. We have developed an arthroscopic transosseous foveal footprint repair technique, which maximizes the contact between the disrupted triangular fibrocartilage complex and its foveal footprint for better healing by using four sutures in a divergent configuration through a 1.6-mm bone tunnel. Twelve patients with triangular fibrocartilage complex foveal injuries who had undergone this repair technique were reviewed with a mean follow-up of 53 months. All patients achieved significant improvement in the modified Mayo wrist score and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score. All patients had stable distal radioulnar joints with comparable ranges of motion and grip strengths between the operated and contralateral wrists. There was no significant difference in functional score in those who were treated more than 6 months after injury.

Level of evidence: IV