bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GRAMATICALIZAÇÃO DO ITEM ASSIM EM LETRAS DE MÚSICAS
Authors: Macêdo Graciely Cândido , Silva Souza Soliane , Moreira de Oliveira Josane
Published: July 2023

Este estudo aborda funções e subfunções do item "assim" à luz dos pressupostos teóricos da gramaticalização. O corpus deste trabalho é composto por vinte e quatro letras de músicas analisadas qualitativamente. A partir da análise dos dados, constatamos a evolução do item linguístico "assim" e identificamos a sua trajetória de gramaticalização espaço > (tempo) > texto. Diante dos resultados encontrados, verificamos que o "assim" passa do valor dêitico espacial para circunstanciador, passa a conectivo e chega a marcador discursivo.
Knowledge Transfer and the Development of Airline business in Africa: Kenya Airways, 1977-2017
Authors: Nthenya Nahashon Nzioka
Published: July 2023

This article examines the development of strategic alliances in the airline industry through the participation of Koninklijke Luchtvaart Maatschappij (hereafter KLM) in a joint venture with Kenya Airways (hereafter KQ). Based on the literature on knowledge transfer in international business and organization studies, the study focuses on the evolution of cooperation between both partners over time, from capital seeking to joint marketing, legitimacy, knowledge seeking, and revenue and cost sharing. In particular, it demonstrates how the features of the two firms and their boundaries affect inter-organizational knowledge transfer.
Organizational perspectives for Stock Exchanges in a fragile global world: Forecasts and Speculations
Authors: Mata Maria Eugénia
Published: July 2023

The new millennium crises have fueled the debate about free running markets management, in some parts of Europe. This is having considerable consequences for corporations that need to raise funds to invest in job-creating facilities or in improving productivity necessary to compete with new producers from Asia. Increasing volumes of trade historically required rules and government regulation. In this article organizational theoretical frameworks are used to understand dynamism and change in financial operations, and in this line rules are here approached as progressive legal adjustments to good practice. Historical evidence is the methodology used in this paper, to highlight significant changes in the conceptualization about the organizations that have to supply financial services, especially when external shocks affect SMEs and their needs.
Value Chain and Stakeholders’ Analyses of Batik Tulis Industry in Indonesia
Authors: Isa Muzakar , Wajdi M. Farid , Mangifera Liana , Mardalis Ahmad , Kamarulzaman Nitty Hirawaty
Published: July 2023

The study aims to analyze the values added of batik tulis production and to analyze stakeholders’ objectives and competitiveness of batik tulis business. The study used a mixed method, a combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis. The data were analyzed using several analyses namely content analysis, value chain analysis, and stakeholder analysis. The content analysis was carried out to identify and to explain the supply chain of batik tulis production. The value chain analysis was undertaken to identify the existing stages of the value chain in batik tulis production. The stakeholders analysis was used to analyze stakeholders’ objectives and competitiveness of batik tulis business. The results revealed that the value chain of batik tulis production started from the procurement of raw materials, production processes, and sales. The highest added values obtained were through sales to wholesalers and retailers as compared to sales by displaying the products in galleries. The average profit margin earned by each entrepreneur exceeded 50% of the main production costs. Profit and reputation were revealed as the two stakeholders’ objectives that have the strongest and the most dominant influences in the industry. The entrepreneurs are expected to further optimize the activities that contribute the highest added values to be more efficient in managing the production costs, and in maintaining the interrelationship with other players of batik tulis entrepreneurs as well as with the suppliers of raw materials so that the cooperation can be carried out effectively.
Preferred Channel Choices in Vegetable Marketing: Role of Macro and Micro Environmental Factors in Odisha
Authors: Panda Rajeev Kumar , Mishra Dibya Nandan
Published: July 2023

The globalization of agriculture has opened new opportunities, challenges and stiffer competition in India. This paper explores and evaluates various macro and micro factors influencing the marketing channel choices made by the vegetable farmers in Odisha. Responses were collected from 323 vegetable farmers and 110 commission agents, and 192 retailers across five districts of Odisha. Data were analyzed using SPSS to confirm reliability, validity and data reduction. AMOS was used to design the structural equation model. Access to market knowledge has a positive sign for both organized and unorganized market choices, which is consistent with the hypothesis. Hence, the value suggests that increasing market knowledge can increase market participation. The improvement in practices and expertise in grading also shows an increase in the involvement of both organized and unorganized markets. Given these marketing challenges, this study suggests improving emerging farmers' participation in the export markets.
Asymmetric wavefront shaping with nonreciprocal 3D nonlinear detour phase hologram
Authors: Wang Bingxia , Li Yilin , Shen Xiang , Krolikowski Wieslaw
Published: July 2023

Asymmetric control of light with nonlinear material is of great significance in the design of novel micro-photonic components, such as asymmetric imaging devices and nonreciprocal directional optical filters. However, the use of nonlinear photonic crystals for asymmetric optical transmission, to the best of our knowledge, is still an untouched area of research. Herein we propose the 3D nonlinear detour phase holography for realizing asymmetric SH wavefront shaping by taking advantage of the dependence of the SH phase on the propagation direction of the excitation beam. With the proposed method, the designed nonreciprocal 3D nonlinear detour phase hologram yields SH phases with opposite signs for the forward and backward transmission situations. Moreover, the quasi-phase-matching scheme and orbital angular momentum conservation in the asymmetric SH wavefront shaping process are also discussed. This study conceptually extends the 2D nonlinear detour phase holography into 3D space to build the nonreciprocal 3D nonlinear detour phase hologram for achieving SH twin-image elimination and asymmetric SH wavefront shaping, offering new possibilities for the design of nonreciprocal optical devices.
Retrieving space-dependent polarization transformations via near-optimal quantum process tomography
Authors: Di Colandrea Francesco , Amato Lorenzo , Schiattarella Roberto , Dauphin Alexandre , Cardano Filippo
Published: July 2023

An optical waveplate rotating light polarization can be modeled as a single-qubit unitary operator. This analogy can be exploited to experimentally retrieve a polarization transformation within the paradigm of quantum process tomography. Standard approaches to tomographic problems rely on the maximum-likelihood estimation, providing the most likely transformation to yield the same outcomes as a set of experimental projective measurements. The performances of this method strongly depend on the number of input measurements and the numerical minimization routine that is adopted. Here we investigate the application of genetic and machine learning approaches to this problem, finding that both allow for accurate reconstructions and fast operations when processing a set of projective measurements very close to the minimal one. We apply these techniques to the case of space-dependent polarization transformations, providing an experimental characterization of the optical action of spin-orbit metasurfaces having patterned birefringence. Our efforts thus expand the toolbox of methodologies for optical process tomography. In particular, we find that the neural network-based scheme provides a significant speed-up, that may be critical in applications requiring a characterization in real-time. We expect these results to lay the groundwork for the optimization of tomographic approaches in more general quantum processes, including non-unitary gates and operations in higher-dimensional Hilbert spaces.
Efficient fluorescence coupling microlens integrated fiber magnetometer probe based on nitrogen vacancy centers
Authors: Zhao Man , Lin Qijing , Meng Qingzhi , Shan Wenjun , Zhu Liangquan , Chen Yao , Zhao Libo , Jiang Zhuangde
Published: July 2023

The nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamonds have gathered increasing interest as an emerging quantum sensing platform with high sensitivity and spatial resolution. Integration of micro-sized diamond and fiber is an essential method to build an NV center endoscope probe and enable NV center sensors for practical application. However, the low fluorescence collection efficiency of fibers due to their small numerical aperture (NA) has limited the sensitivity of the sensors. In this paper, a cone-shape microlens was fabricated using the photopolymerization process at the end of a multimode fiber to boost the laser excitation and fluorescence collection efficiency of NV centers. Experiments demonstrated that over 21 times fluorescence intensity enhancement and 12 times sensitivity improvement were achieved. This fiber–microlens magnetometer probe exhibited a 2.1-nT/Hz1/2 sensitivity over a bandwidth of 100 Hz with ∼80-µm diameter diamond. This research presented a robust and large NA diamond integrated fiber–microlens magnetometer probe, which can also be expanded to magnetic field scan and real-time monitoring.
Replica symmetry breaking in a colloidal plasmonic random laser with gold-coated triangular silver nanostructures
Authors: Dey Arindam , Pramanik Ashim , Mondal Koushik , Biswas Subrata , Chatterjee Udit , Messina Fabrizio , Kumbhakar Pathik
Published: July 2023

Plasmonic random lasers have drawn significant attention recently due to their versatility, low threshold, and the possibility of achieving tunable and coherent/incoherent outputs. However, in this Letter, the phenomenon of replica symmetry breaking is reported in intensity fluctuations of a rarely used colloidal plasmonic random laser (RL) illumination. Triangular nanosilver scatter particles produced incoherent RL action when used in a dimethylformamide (DMF) environment in a Rhodamine-6G gain medium. The use of gold-coated triangular nanosilver as the scatterer in place of triangular nanosilver offered a dual contribution of scattering and lower photo-reabsorption, which caused a reduction in the lasing threshold energy of 39% compared to that obtained with the latter. Further, due to its long-term photostability and chemical properties, a phase transition from the photonic paramagnetic to the glassy phase is observed experimentally in the RL system used. Interestingly, the transition occurs at approximately the lasing threshold value, which is a consequence of stronger correlation of modal behaviors at high input pump energies.
Incoherent diffractive optical elements for extendable field-of-view imaging
Authors: Horisaki Ryoichi , Igarashi Takuto , Naruse Makoto
Published: July 2023

We present a diffractive optics design for incoherent imaging with an extendable field-of-view. In our design method, multiple layers of diffractive optical elements (DOEs) are synthesized so that images on the input plane illuminated with spatially incoherent light are reproduced upright on the output plane. Once this DOE cascade is calculated, the field-of-view can be extended by using an array of such DOEs without further calculation. We derive the optical condition to calculate the DOEs and numerically demonstrate the proposed method with the condition.
The Battle Against Quenching and Fading for Fluorescence: A Model of How to Evaluate the Fluorophore’s Behavior
Authors: Hoffman Gloria E.
Published: July 2023

The fading and quenching of fluorescence intensity has been a major problem in the use of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) for immunofluorescence cytochemical techniques, especially with laser confocal microscopy. The companion article by Longin et al. provided an empirical approach to overcoming this problem. The present commentary highlights the significance of the Longin et al. article when it was published and its continued relevance today.
Antenatal depression: Associations with birth and neonatal outcomes among women attending maternity care in Harare, Zimbabwe
Authors: Kaiyo-Utete Malinda , Langhaug Lisa , Chingono Alfred , Dambi Jermaine M. , Magwali Thulani , Henderson Claire , Chirenje Z. Mike
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Antenatal depression is highly prevalent and is associated with negative birth and neonatal outcomes. However, the mechanisms and causality behind these associations remain poorly understood as they are varied. Given the variability in whether associations are present, there is need to have context-specific data to understand the complex factors that go into these associations. This study aimed to assess the associations between antenatal depression and birth and neonatal outcomes among women attending maternity care in Harare, Zimbabwe.

Methods

We followed 354 pregnant women in second or third trimester, attending antenatal care services in two randomly selected clinics in Harare, Zimbabwe. Antenatal depression was assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. Birth outcomes included birth weight, gestational age at delivery, mode of delivery, Apgar score, and initiation of breastfeeding within one-hour postdelivery. Neonatal outcomes at six weeks postdelivery included infant’s weight, height, illness, feeding methods and maternal postnatal depressive symptoms. The association between antenatal depression and categorical and continuous outcomes were assessed by logistic regression and point-biserial correlation coefficient, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression determined the confounding effects on statistically significant outcomes.

Results

Prevalence of antenatal depression was 23.7%. It was associated with low birthweight [AOR = 2.30 (95% CI: 1.08–4.90)], exclusive breastfeeding [AOR = 0.42 (95%CI: 0.25–0.73)] and postnatal depressive symptoms [AOR = 4.99 (95%CI: 2.81–8.85)], but not with any other birth or neonatal outcomes measured.

Conclusions

The prevalence of antenatal depression in this sample is high with significant associations demonstrated for birth weight, maternal postnatal depressive symptoms and infant feeding methods Effective management of antenatal depression is thus crucial to the promotion of maternal and child health.
Anthracological study of a Chalcolithic funerary deposit from Perdigões (Alentejo, Portugal): A new analytical methodology to establish the wood burning temperature
Authors: Coradeschi Ginevra , Jiménez Morillo Nicasio T. , Dias Cristina Barrocas , Beltrame Massimo , Belo Anabela D. F. , Granged Arturo J. P. , Sadori Laura , Valera António
Published: July 2023

Anthracological analyses of charcoal samples retrieved from Pit 16 of Perdigões (Reguengos de Monsaraz, Portugal), a secondary deposition of cremated human remains dated back to the middle of the 3rdmillennium BC, enabled the identification of 7 differenttaxa:Olea europaea,Quercusspp. (evergreen),Pinus pinaster,Fraxinuscf.angustifolia,Arbutus unedo,Cistussp. and Fabaceae. Alltaxaare characteristic of both deciduous and evergreen Mediterranean vegetation, and this data might indicate that the gathering of woods employed for the human cremation/s occurred either on site, or in its vicinity. However, considering both the large distribution of the identifiedtaxaand data about human mobility, it is not possible to conclusively determine the origin of the wood used in the cremation(s). Chemometric analysis were carried out to estimate the absolute burning temperature of woods employed for the human cremation/s. An in-lab charcoal reference collection was created by burning sound wood samples of the three maintaxaidentified from Pit 16,Olea europaeavar.sylvestris,Quercus suber(evergreen type) andPinus pinaster, at temperatures between 350 and 600 °C. The archaeological charcoal samples and the charcoal reference collection were chemically characterized by using mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy in the 1800–400 cm-1range, and Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression method was used to build calibration models to predict the absolute combustion temperature of the archaeological woods. Results showed successful PLS forecasting of burn temperature for eachtaxon(significant (P<0.05) cross validation coefficients). The anthracological and chemometric analysis evidenced differences between thetaxacoming from the two stratigraphic units within the Pit, SUs 72 and 74, suggesting that they may come from two different pyres or two different depositional moments.
Experimental study on pore structure characteristics and thermal conductivity of fibers reinforced foamed concrete
Authors: Li Lin , Wang Wei , Wang Yu , Li Dongxu , Zhuang Mei-Ling
Published: July 2023

The pore structure characteristics and thermal conductivity of foamed concrete (FC) reinforced with glass fibers (GF), polyvinyl alcohol fibers (PVAF) and polypropylene fibers (PPF) were investigated experimentally in this article. Firstly, GF, PVAF or PPF with different mass fractions (0%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%) were added to the Portland cement, fly ash and plant protein foaming agent to prepare the FC. Then, SEM tests, dry density tests, porosity tests, and thermal conductivity tests were carried out on FRFC. Later, the adhesion of GF, PVAF and FFF with different mass fractions to the cementitious base was investigated by SEM images of FRFC. The pore size distribution, shape factor and porosity of FRFC were analyzed using Photoshop software and Image Pro Plus (IPP) software. Finally, the effects of different mass fractions and lengths of three types of fibers on the thermal conductivity of FRFC were discussed. The results indicated that proper fiber mass fraction can play a role of refining small pores and separating large pores, improving the structural compactness, reducing the pore collapse phenomenon and optimizing the pore structure of FRFC. The three types of fibers can promote the optimization of cellular roundness and increase the proportion of pores with diameters below 400 μm. The FC with larger porosity had smaller dry density. As the fiber mass fraction increased, the thermal conductivity performed a phenomenon of first decrease and then increase. The three types of fibers with 1% mass fraction achieved relatively low thermal conductivity. Compared with the FC without fibers, the thermal conductivities of GF reinforced FC, PVAF reinforced FC and PPF reinforced FC with 1% mass fraction were decreased by 20.73%, 18.23% and 7.00%, respectively.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex, and its legalisation in Africa: Insights from tertiary-level students in Ghana
Authors: Acquah Francis , Botchwey Charles Owusu-Aduomi , Adoma Prince Owusu , Kumah Emmanuel
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and intersex (LGBTI) and related activities have been a topic of debate and discussion among policymakers and stakeholders, as well as common citizens in the African region, especially in Ghana. The current anti-LGBTI-related bill being put before Ghana’s Parliament signifies the intensity of the issue. Even though some studies have looked at some aspects of the issue, no study presently has explored people’s opinion on the passage of any future anti-LGBTI and related legislations in Ghana.

Aim

This study examined the perspective of tertiary-level students on the passage of anti-LGBTI legislation, as well as the non-physical factors that influence support for the passage of anti-LGBTI and related legislation in Ghana.

Methods

The study employed a quantitative cross-sectional design using 1,001 tertiary-level students. The study used convenience sampling technique with an online closed-ended, structured survey questionnaire as the main data collection instrument. The data was then analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 29 at a 5% significance level.

Results

The results of the study indicated that majority of the respondents (81%) were in support of the passage of anti-LGBTI and related legislations. Their reasons included the health implications of LGBTI and related activities (63%), cultural and societal values (62%), religious reasons (54%), and western culture (25%). Also, almost half of the respondents (49%) held that health related perceptions about LGBTI have little or no empirical basis. The inferential analysis, further, revealed that even when age and sex assigned at birth are controlled, perceived health implications of LGBTI (β = 0.247, p = < .001), religious beliefs (β = 0.189, p = < .001), and cultural values (β = 0.218, p = < .001) positively predict the support for passage of anti-LGBTI legislation.

Conclusions

People’s level of support for the passage of anti-LGBTI legislation is influenced by several factors including religious beliefs, cultural values, and the perceived health implications of LGBTI. There is, however, the need for policy makers and other stakeholders to create awareness and educate the public about the various perceptions about LGBTI and related activities that are not scientifically legitimate.
Prognostic value of the right ventricular ejection fraction using three-dimensional echocardiography: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kitano Tetsuji , Nabeshima Yosuke , Nagata Yasufumi , Takeuchi Masaaki
Published: July 2023

Aims

Three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) is a robust method for measuring the right ventricular (RV) ejection fraction (EF), which is closely associated with outcomes. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis (1) to examine the prognostic value of RVEF and (2) to compare its prognostic value with that of left ventricular (LV) EF and LV global longitudinal strain (GLS). We also performed individual patient data analysis to validate the results.

Methods and results

We searched articles reporting the prognostic value of RVEF. Hazard ratios (HR) were re-scaled using the within-study standard deviation (SD). To compare predictive values of RVEF and LVEF or LVGLS, the ratio of HR related to a 1-SD reduction of RVEF versus LVEF or LVGLS was calculated. Pooled HR of RVEF and pooled ratio of HR were analyzed in a random-effects model. Fifteen articles with 3,228 subjects were included. Pooled HR of a 1-SD reduction of RVEF was 2.54 (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.15–3.00). In subgroup analysis, RVEF was significantly associated with outcome in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) (HR: 2.79, 95% CI: 2.04–3.82) and cardiovascular (CV) diseases (HR: 2.23, 95%CI: 1.76–2.83). In studies reporting HRs for both RVEF and LVEF or RVEF and LVGLS in the same cohort, RVEF had 1.8-fold greater prognostic power per 1-SD reduction than LVEF (ratio of HR: 1.81, 95%CI: 1.20–2.71), but had predictive value similar to that of LVGLS (ratio of HR: 1.10, 95%CI: 0.91–1.31) and to LVEF in patients with reduced LVEF (ratio of HR: 1.34, 95%CI: 0.94–1.91). In individual patient data analysis (n = 1,142), RVEF < 45% was significantly associated with worse CV outcome (HR: 4.95, 95% CI: 3.66–6.70), even in patients with reduced or preserved LVEF.

Conclusions

The findings of this meta-analysis highlight and support the use of RVEF assessed by 3DE to predict CV outcomes in routine clinical practice in patients with CV diseases and in those with PAH.
Perceived sidedness and correlation to vertical movement asymmetries in young warmblood horses
Authors: Leclercq Anna , Lundblad Johan , Persson-Sjodin Emma , Ask Katrina , Zetterberg Ebba , Hernlund Elin , Haubro Andersen Pia , Rhodin Marie
Published: July 2023

The prevalence of vertical asymmetries is high in “owner-sound” warmblood riding horses, however the origin of these asymmetries is unknown. This study investigated correlations between vertical asymmetries and motor laterality. Young warmblood riding horses (N = 65), perceived as free from lameness were evaluated on three visits, each comprising objective gait analysis (inertial measurement units system) and a rider questionnaire on perceived sidedness of the horse. A subgroup (N = 40) of horses were also subjected to a forelimb protraction preference test intended as an assessment of motor laterality. We hypothesized associations between vertical asymmetry and motor laterality as well as rider-perceived sidedness. Vertical asymmetry was quantified as trial means of the stride-by-stride difference between the vertical displacement minima and maxima of the head (HDmin, HDmax) and pelvis (PDmin, PDmax). Laterality indexes, based on counts of which limb was protracted, and binomial tests were used to draw conclusions from the preference tests. In the three visits, 60–70% of horses exhibited vertical asymmetries exceeding clinically used thresholds for ≥1 parameter, and 22% of horses exhibited a side preference in the preference test as judged by binomial tests. Linear mixed models identified a weak but statistically significant correlation between perceived hindlimb weakness and higher PDmin values attributable to either of the hindlimbs (p = 0.023). No other statistically significant correlations to vertical asymmetry were seen for any of the questionnaire answers tested. Tests of correlation between the absolute values of laterality index and asymmetry parameters (HDmin, HDmax, PDmin, PDmax) identified a weak correlation (p = 0.049) with PDmax, but when accounting for the direction of asymmetry and motor laterality, no correlations were seen for either of the asymmetry parameters. No convincing evidence of associations between vertical asymmetries and motor laterality were seen and further studies investigating motor laterality and the origin of vertical asymmetries are needed.
Association between blood lipid levels and risk of gastric cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Shicong , Fan Ying , Tan Yuyue , Zhang Ling , Li Xianrong
Published: July 2023

Objective

The association between blood lipid levels and the risk of gastric cancer (GC) is well known. Therefore, to clarify this association, all relevant prospective cohort studies were included in this meta-analysis.

Methods

Our study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022354899) prior to its commencement. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with the PRISMA recommendations. Chinese databases (CNKI, CBM, Wanfang, and VIP) and English databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library) were systematically searched up to October 2022. This study included all relevant cohort studies that reported hazard ratios (HRs) or relative risks (RRs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) to examine the association between various lipid profiles (e.g., total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and the risk of developing gastric cancer (GC). Fixed effects or random effects models were used based on the level of heterogeneity among the studies, and these models were employed to obtain pooled hazard ratios. Additionally, sensitivity analysis and publication bias analysis were conducted to ensure the robustness and reliability of the findings.

Results

After conducting a systematic search, a total of 10 studies were selected out of 10,525 papers involving a total of 5,564,520 individuals. Among these individuals, there were 41,408 GC cases. The analysis revealed that the highest versus lowest serum total cholesterol (TC) concentration was associated with a pooled hazard ratio of 0.89 (95% CI = 0.87–0.92, I2= 15%). For triglycerides (TGs), the hazard ratio was 1.00 (95% CI = 0.96–1.04, I2= 37%), while for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), the hazard ratio was 0.90 (95% CI = 0.86–0.93, I2= 0%). The hazard ratio for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was 0.96 (95% CI = 0.91–1.00, I2= 0%).

Conclusions

Based on the results of this meta-analysis, it was found that serum TC and HDL-C levels were inversely correlated with the risk of GC. No association was observed between serum TG levels and the risk of GC. Similarly, no association was found between serum LDL-C levels and the risk of GC.
The associations between suicides, economic conditions and social isolation: Insights from Spain
Authors: Blázquez-Fernández Carla , Cantarero-Prieto David
Published: July 2023

Suicide is among the main challenges that need to be addressed in developed countries. In this paper, we analyse suicides across the 17 Spanish regions over the period 2014–2019. More precisely, our objective is to re-study the determinants of suicides focusing on the latest economic expansion period. We use count panel data models and sex stratification. A range of aggregate socioeconomic regional-level factors have been identified. Our empirical results show that: (1) a socioeconomic urban-rural suicide gaps exist; (2) there are significant gender differences, for the women a Mediterranean suicide pattern appears whereas unemployment levels have a significant importance for men, (3) social isolation factors, when significant, they show an (a priori) surprisingly positive result. We provide new highlights for suicide prevention in Spain. Precisely, it is highlighted that jointly policies by gender and attending to vulnerable groups are both necessary.
Effect of two weeks of training cessation on concentric and eccentric knee muscle strength in highly trained sprinters
Authors: Yamashita Daichi , Hirata Kosuke , Yamazaki Kazuhiko , Mujika Iñigo , Miyamoto Naokazu
Published: July 2023

Athletes often experience short-term training cessation because of injury, illness, post-season vacation, or other reasons. Limited information is available about the effect of short-term (less than four weeks) training cessation on muscle strength in athletes. Sprinting athletes must maintain knee extension and flexion strength to reduce the risk of sprint-type hamstring strain injury. This study aimed to identify whether and to what extent knee extension and flexion torque in concentric and eccentric contractions is reduced by two weeks of training cessation in sprinters. Before and after the training cessation, maximal voluntary isokinetic knee extension and flexion torque in slow and fast concentric (60 and 300°/s) and slow eccentric (60°/s) contractions were assessed in 13 young male highly trained sprinters (average World Athletics points = 978). Knee flexion torque during the bilateral Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) was also measured. After the training cessation, isokinetic concentric at 300°/s and eccentric torque were significantly reduced in both knee extension and flexion. There was no difference in the magnitude of reduction between isokinetic knee extension and flexion torques in all conditions. The relative changes were more notable in eccentric (-15.0%) than in concentric contraction at 60°/s (-0.7%) and 300°/s (-5.9%). Knee flexion torque during the NHE also declined (-7.9% and -9.9% in the dominant and non-dominant legs, respectively). There was no significant correlation between the relative reductions in isokinetic knee flexion torque and knee flexion torque during the NHE. The findings suggest that sprinters and their coaches should focus on recovering fast concentric and slow eccentric knee extension and flexion strength after two weeks of training cessation.
Reduced protective efficacy of hepatitis B vaccine among fully vaccinated children in Ethiopia
Authors: Adugna Adane , Demeke Gebereselassie , Toru Milkiyas , Tsehay Dareskedar , Esmael Ahmed , Mihret Adane , Mulu Andargachew
Published: July 2023

Background

Hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for all children at birth within 24 hours or during childhood.

Objective

This study was aimed to evaluate protective efficacy of hepatitis B vaccine and estimate the sero-prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among vaccinated children.

Materials and methods

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March, 2021 to October, 2021 in Debre Markos town. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 165 fully vaccinated children aged 5–12 years old. A serum sample was used to determine hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc), anti-hepatitis B surface antibody titer (anti-HBs) using ELISA.

Results

The seroprevalence of HBsAg and anti-HBc anti-body was found to be 4.2% and 4.8% respectively. Of 165 fully vaccinated children, 129 (78.2%) had anti-HBs titer ≥ 10 mIU/ml. Among 129 sero-protected children, 76 (58.9%) were hypo-responders whereas the rest 53 (41.1%) were good responders. Those children within the age group of 5–7 years were 2.9 times (AOR: 2.873, 95% CI: 1.156, 7.141) (P<0.023) more likely to respond to HBV vaccine. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that children who were born from HBV positive mothers (AOR 3.917, 95% CI: 1.456, 5.365, P<0.027) and those who had history of injectable medications (AOR 9.232, 95% CI: 1.503, 11.697, P<0.016) were more likely to be HBsAg positive. Children who had history of hospital admission (AOR 6.973, 95% CI: 1.495, 8.530, P<0.013) were more likely to be anti-HBcAb positive.

Conclusions

There was an intermediate prevalence of childhood HBV infection despite being vaccinated suggesting low protective efficacy of hepatitis B vaccine in the study area.
The dynamics of practice and their relevance for the development of an open studio culture in design education
Authors: Herfurth Lorenz
Published: July 2023

This article presents a reflection on a common strategy for the education of designers – the studio – in relation to the dynamic evolution of design practice. This reflection is based on ethnographic observations of service designers as they engaged with clients from the public policy sector. These observations provoked a critical questioning of the way that design education is realized through the simulation of practice in studio settings and the ability to respond to the dynamic evolution of designers’ practice when faced with novel challenges. The article concludes with a suggestion for moving from an understanding of studio pedagogy as a predominantly spatial setting towards that of the studio as an open organizational form that might be capable of more appropriately integrating the socially distributed and boundary-crossing character of modern design practice.
Mapping three dimensions of empathy in design education: Educational interventions, aspects and contexts
Authors: Efilti Pelin , Gelmez Koray
Published: July 2023

The complex and multi-layered phenomenon of empathy has its roots in design research and design practice, and so has indirect and dispersed connections to design education. Moreover, the ill-defined nature of design increases the complexity level while handling empathy in design education. Based on the scoping literature review, this study maps empathy in design education within three dimensions: the educational interventions, the aspects and the contexts of empathy. Qualitative content analysis is conducted to establish the categories representing the dimensions of empathy in design education. Through this integrative framework based on these three dimensions, the dispersed connections of empathy with design education are systematically examined and research gaps for future studies are discussed.
Identity and empathy: Pushing boundaries and transgressing barriers
Authors: Salazar Stacey
Published: July 2023

Contributions in this issue describe ways in which educators push the boundaries of art and design pedagogy, especially through identity development and empathy, to centre student voice and dismantle oppressive institutional structures.
Draft of a Preface to Lolly Willowes
Authors: Warner Sylvia Townsend
Published: July 2023

These two short fragmentary pieces from the Sylvia Townsend Warner and Valentine Ackland Archive in the Dorset History Centre concern Lolly Willowes (1926) and The Fairy-Faith in Celtic Countries by Walter Evans-Wentz. One piece appears to be the unfinished draft of a preface to Lolly Willowes, and the other, the start of a review of a reprint of Evans-Wentz’s book.
Twice as Natural
Authors: Warner Sylvia Townsend
Published: July 2023

Warner’s article discusses what might be thought of as genuinely lifelike in fiction, as against the conventions of realism and naturalism that she found in the fiction of the 1920s.
Draft of a Preface to The True Heart
Authors: Warner Sylvia Townsend
Published: July 2023

Warner’s draft of a preface to her novel The True Heart probably dates from the mid-1960s. It includes details about the background and composition of the novel that were not included in the shorter version of this piece that appeared as the preface to the 1978 Virago Press edition of the book.
Lolly Comes to Town
Authors: Stone Percy N.
Published: July 2023

This is a feature interview about Sylvia Townsend Warner, shortly after her arrival in New York in 1929 to work for a month as a guest contributor to the New York Herald Tribune.
Lynn Mutti
Authors: Searle Richard , Bond Judith , Stinton Judith , Swaab Peter
Published: July 2023

Lynn Mutti is remembered by four friends and colleagues in the Sylvia Townsend Warner Society. The article touches on her work as Secretary of the Society and on her PhD thesis on Warner and music.
Development of the Contextualized Plurilingual Classes for Korean Classrooms Through a Teachers’ Community
Authors: Jang Eun-Young
Published: July 2023

The question, ‘how to deal with language issues in Korean public education in the era of transnational mobility?’ initiated this study. This case-study aimed to explore the possibilities of implementing plurilingualism based on CEFR in Korean classrooms through examining in-service teachers’ experimental plurilingual classes. The research participants were eight teachers who attended online meetings through zoom and Google classroom as a ‘community of practice’ over a year. The eight plurilingual classes developed by the teachers had five common characteristics: convergence of language and cultural elements, integration of multicultural contents, student-centered activities, subject-based plurilingual education, and use of multimodal materials and technology. It was also found that, from the perspective of plurilingualism, the developed
plurilingual classes aimed to change students’ perceptions of languages through experiencing diverse languages; to develop their plurilingual comprehension; to build on their plurilingual repertoire; to build on their pluricultural repertoire; and to raise their critical awareness of power issues in languages. This study is meaningful in that it served as a space for teachers not only to learn about plurilingualism but also to design plurilingual classes and see how it actually works in their own classrooms.
Trajectories of Depression and Delinquent Behavior Among Adolescents from Multicultural Families in Korea: The Role of Ecological and Personal Factors
Authors: Shin Ye-Ji , Jeon Seong-Eun , Kang Young-Shin
Published: July 2023

This study aims to investigate the trajectories of depression and delinquent behavior among multicultural adolescents and to identify ecological and personal factors that influence these trajectories. The data was gathered from Multicultural Adolescents Panel Survey, and the data used in this study was derived from the wave 4-9 of the survey. First, the level of depression among multicultural adolescents non-linearly and moderately increased as time went by, but the level of delinquent behavior among multicultural adolescents neither increased nor decreased over time. Second, the intercept of depression could be negatively predicted by parental support and peer support and the slope of depression could be positively predicted by parental support and peer support. Third, the intercept of depression could be negatively predicted by self-resilience and the slope of depression could be positively predicted by self-resilience. Fourth, teacher support had no significant effect on depression trajectories. Fifth, the intercept of delinquent behavior could be negatively predicted by teacher support and the slope of delinquent behavior could be positively predicted by teacher support. Based on the results of this study, implications, limitations, and the suggestions for future study were also discussed.
Capitão América vs. Capitão América
Authors: Aparecido Araújo Pedroso Rodrigo
Published: July 2023

Steve Rogers, o Capitão América original, é um personagem patriótico de histórias em quadrinhos criado em 1941 durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial e que ao longo de seus 80 anos de existência tornou-se um símbolo identitário estadunidense. Representando ideias que deveriam inspirar e orientar seus leitores a serem cidadãos melhores. A partir disso, a ideia central deste texto é apresentar e analisar narrativas onde ele teve que enfrentar outras versões de si mesmo nos anos 1970 e 1980. E como esses confrontos foram utilizados para definir – mesmo que temporariamente – valores que são considerados “falsos” e/ou “errados” em contraposição aos valores “verdadeiros” apresentados e incorporados pelo Capitão original.
Un estudio de caso sobre la búsqueda por una epistemología de la enseñanza y del aprendizaje de traducción audiovisual
Authors: Esqueda Marileide Dias
Published: July 2023

En este estudio de caso, presento cómo se implementaron la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de la traducción audiovisual en el contexto de una asignatura titulada Prática de Tradução: Textos Audiovisuais (Práctica de Traducción: Textos Audiovisuales), ofrecida, en el año 2021, a los estudiantes de la Licenciatura en Traducción (Inglés-Portugués) de la Universidad Federal de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brasil. De carácter descriptivo (COHEN et al., 2018), este estudio de caso presenta cronológicamente las acciones que se llevaron a cabo durante la elaboración de subtítulos para vídeos didácticos, incluyendo la percepción de los estudiantes sobre la estructuración de las lecciones. En mis argumentos, ganan fuerza las cuestiones pedagógicas en la búsqueda por una base epistemológica y teórica para la formación de traductores audiovisuales.
Alternative Routes for Deliveries of Kazakh Crude Oil Shipments to the European Union
Authors: Akhmedov Erjan
Published: July 2023

The situation with crude oil shipments from Kazakhstan to the European Union has seriously deteriorated since 24 February 2022 when Russia started its invasion of Ukraine. A series of different incidents, which complicated these deliveries, started soon after the beginning of the invasion and this has again brought to light the need to diversify the export routes for the Kazakh crude oil. In spite of numerous previous appeals, the dependence on the transit via the Russian territory only increased over the last years. This paper analyses the reasons for this increased dependence, considers the alternative routes and their attending circumstances and attempts to suggest potential ways out of this situation. Considering this topic, it is essential to mention that Kazakhstan is among the five top suppliers of crude oil to the European Union, and, at the same time, the European Union is the biggest importer of Kazakh crude oil.
Imiona nieokreśloności. Deszcz Haupta i Śnieżyca Walsera: próba lektury porównawczej
Authors: Gleń Adrian
Published: July 2023

Punktem wyjścia swoich rozważań autor czyni dwa opowiadania: Zygmunta Haupta Deszcz i Roberta Walsera Śnieżycę (wydawałoby się, poboczne, marginalne w dorobku pisarzy), z których to opowiadań wyłania się wspólna dla obydwu twórców antyesencjalna wizja świata. Celem komparatystycznej lektury utworów jest tyleż wskazanie podobieństw w kreowaniu rzeczywistości u polskiego i szwajcarskiego prozaika, co usytuowanie estetyki autora Pierścienia z papieru i twórcy Rodzeństwa Tanner w perspektywie filozoficznej (motyw nieokreśloności, zjawisko entropii). Szerokich kontekstów i inspiracji autor poszukuje przede wszystkim w dziele Françoisa Julliena.
Zegarmistrz-dynamitard. Z archiwum Gałęzi zachodniej
Authors: Zieliński Jan
Published: July 2023

Hauptowskie ineditum z archiwum autora: rozdział z gotowej do druku w roku 1990, ale nigdy nie wydanej książki o polskiej literaturze emigracyjnej zatytułowanej Gałąź zachodnia. Próba pokazania odrębności pisarstwa Zygmunta Haupta poprzez takie cechy, jak malarskość i muzyczność, podwójność narracji, sugestia (złudna) autobiograficzności, ukryta erudycja, krajobraz historyczny, technika filmowa, łączenie tematyki kresowej z kulturą śródziemnomorską, odwołania do powieści młodzieżowych. Porównanie z twórczością Andrzeja Bobkowskiego prowadzi do sformułowania, ujętej już w tytule, podskórnej sprzeczności między tendencjami anarchistycznymi w dziele Haupta a właściwym mu jako artyście dążeniu do precyzji.
„Nie gość, nie intruz, nie mieszkaniec, jestem jak duch…”. Psychotopografie pamięci w prozie Zygmunta Haupta
Authors: Zając Antoni
Published: July 2023

Celem artykułu jest analiza stosunków między przestrzenią i podmiotem (czyli konfiguracją złożoną z Ja narratora, Ja bohatera i Ja narratora) w dwóch opowiadaniach Zygmunta Haupta – Gołębie z placu Teodora i O Stefci, o Chaimie Immerglücku i o scytyjskich bransoletkach. Przewodnim pojęciem tekstu, zaczerpniętym z myśli Victorii Nelson, jest psychotopografia – dynamiczna projekcja podmiotowych doświadczeń, wspomnień i fantazji na przestrzeń świata przedstawionego, a zarazem układ wpływów i interakcji, które łączą podmiot literacki z przestrzenią zewnętrzną. Metafory psychotopograficzne często odwołują się do tego, co traumatyczne, wyparte lub niedostępne pamięci w trybie świadomej anamnezy.
Luka lekturowa - lektury szkolne a cyfrowe lektury domowe w edukacji polonistycznej
Authors: Wobalis Mirosław
Published: July 2023

W realiach przełomu drugiego i trzeciego dziesięciolecia XXI wieku interaktywność, wirtualność i multimedialność stały się głównymi wyznacznikami formalnymi przekazów bliskich pokoleniom hybrydowym i cyfrowym (pokolenia X, Y, Z). Najpopularniejsze „domowe” teksty kultury są w zdecydowanej większości interaktywne i upowszechniane w formie gier wideo oraz wyrastających z gier fabuł interaktywnych. Formy te, zdaniem autora, nie tylko stają się współcześnie podstawowymi spontanicznymi lekturami domowymi pokoleń cyfrowych, ale staną się dominującymi lekturami w trzecim dziesięcioleciu XXI wieku. W artykule scharakteryzowane zostanie zjawisko luki lekturowej, omówione zostaną preferencje lekturowe młodych wraz z analizą nowego paradygmatu odbioru fabuł określonego w artykule jako lekturowy zwrot performatywny.
Solidarne być albo nie być w edukacyjnej przestrzeni
Authors: Janus-Sitarz Anna , Jaskółowa Ewa , Kwiatkowska-Ratajczak Maria , Latoch-Zielińska Małgorzata , Tomaszewska Grażyna , Szczukowski Dariusz
Published: July 2023

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Kultura solidarności w przestrzeni edukacyjnej
Authors: Łapińska Iwona , Stybor Aleksandra , Prorok Hanna , Wrzeszcz Maria , Szczukowski Dariusz
Published: July 2023

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Laboratoria wspólnoty? Wokół literackich świadectw i pedagogicznych rozpoznań
Authors: Rusek Marta
Published: July 2023

Artykuł poświęcony jest odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy o szkole można myśleć jako o laboratorium wspólnoty. Analizie zostały poddane obrazy rozmaitych relacji funkcjonujących w środowisku szkolnym, które przynosi literatura różnych epok. Wskazano te kierunki w edukacyjnej praktyce, które pozwalają na rozwijanie kultury współbycia, zapobiegającej zjawiskom wykluczenia czy ostracyzmu. Inspiracji do takiego ujęcia dostarczyła koncepcja humanistyki skierowanej ku przyszłości, którą Ewa Domańska nazwała prefiguratywną. W myśl tej idei celem humanistyki jest wyobrażanie sobie jutra i kształtowanie jego możliwych scenariuszy. Podejście antropologiczne pozwoliło na połącznie perspektywy literaturoznawczej i pedagogicznej. Za podstawę myślenia o szkole jako laboratorium wspólnoty uznano praktykowanie eutoryki (termin wprowadzony przez Dorotę Korwin-Piotrowską, która opisała również tę dziedzinę retoryki).