bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Philosophical and cultural context of the Ars subtilior style
Authors: Khshanovskyi Mykola
Published: March 2019

Tasks of scientific research:– to characterize the Ars subtilior style;– to determine the philosophical and cultural prerequisites for the emer-gence of the Ars subtilior style;– to describe their impact on the musical art of that time.The methodology of the research is based on the use of historical andtheoretical methods.Conclusions: Composers of Ars subtilior style tried to achieve absolutepossibilities in music: the complexity of rhythm, visual representation andlyrical content, the variety of ways to fix it, and, to a lesser extent, the matterof harmony. Like their contemporaries in the domain of logic, composersaccepted simple logical puzzles and deliberately made them as difficult aspossible. It looked like this: the composers of Ars subtilior took simplemelodic lines and decorated them in various ways, as if competing amongthemselves, just for the sake of the complexity of the experiment. Followingthe example of their predecessors, Ars subtilior composers focused onexpanding the boundaries of rhythm and notation more than on other musicalcomponents (for example, harmony and melody). However, they did this morefor the sake of curiosity, not seeking to improve or clarify the rhythm andnotation.Experiments in the development of rhythmics went in parallel with thedevelopment of other medieval sciences. Especially close and obvious contactcan be traced with the philosophy of the same time. The 13th century inWestern Europe became a period of its rapid development. There werecreated philosophical schools, particularly in England, France, Italy. Thelargest European philosophical center was created at Oxford University.
About the logos nature of musical performing
Authors: Katrych Olha
Published: March 2019

It is known that musical-performing speech as a phenomenon of "intonated meaning" (B. Asafiev) has, in the sense of a range of figurative incarnations, a universal nature. This feature is unique. It is due to the genetic essence
of musical intonation, its abstract character. The ability of musical performing,
decoding the graphic structure of the musical text, in the non-verbal and nonvisual way to bring to the recipients the plurality of meanings of artistic
imagery makes it a phenomenon both artistic and social at the same time.
Of the whole spectrum of types of artistic activity of man, this ability
distinguishes musical performance and requires a thorough scientific reflection. According to Olexander Kozarenko, such a nature of musical performance is due to its logical essence.
The concept of musical logos was not yet understood by musical science.
Therefore, the disclosure of such a subject involves the following modeling of
the structure of scientific research.
The first stage is the history of the concept Logos (etymology, philosophical and religious discourse, history of application, aspects of cultural functioning).
The second stage is the modern interpretation of the Logos as an intel-ligence.
The third stage is musical performance as a realization of highly intellectual game activity ("Homo ludens" by J. Huizinga):
– the game in art reaches its root system of ritual;
– paradoxes of the Christian-theological discourse of the game (Dies
ludens - Eclesia ludens - Homo ludens by H. Raner);
– multilevel structure of musical intelligence, where the analytical-rational and spontaneous-emotional in the mutual germination are combined.
The fourth stage – logos musical-performing speech as a sound-intonational embodiment of a holistic and organic meaning, characterized by the
intellectual-emotional balance of the musical image.
До питання свободи і самоврядування у сфері юридичної освіти та науки в Україні
Authors: Голосніченко Іван
Published: March 2019

Свобода і самоврядування юридичних закладів освіти є невід’ємною складовою громадянського суспільства, яке нині розбудовується в українській державі. Поточна реформа правничої вищої освіти, наукової діяльності і професії, станом на тепер, з очевидністю не враховує значного вітчизняного досвіду самоорганізації та самоврядування освітян і вчених-правників 2000–2010-х років. Наслідком цього є певні недоліки концептуального планування і законопроектного доробку щодо юридичної (правничої) освіти і науки в Україні. Метою статті є ознайомити юридичну спільноту з основними аспектами досвіду Ради юридичних вищих навчальних закладів та наукових установ України, її взаємодії з Всеукраїнським з’їздом представників юридичних вищих навчальних закладів та наукових установ, органами виконавчої і судової влади. Обґрунтувати корисність і доцільність урахування досвіду Ради у забезпеченні ефективності реформи юридичної (правничої) освіти й науки в Україні. Основними результатами дослідження є рекомендації для використання під час реформи правничої вищої освіти і наукової діяльності в Україні: у вдосконаленні проекту закону про юридичну (правничу) освіту і загальний доступ до правничої професії та проекту концепції вдосконалення правничої (юридичної) освіти для фахової підготовки правника відповідно до європейських стандартів вищої освіти та правничої професії. Під час реформи доцільно взяти за основу проект Закону № 7147-1, урахувавши доробок законопроекту № 7147 щодо гарантування Стандартом юридичної (правничої) освіти відповідних загальних компетентностей, встановлення обов’язкового мінімуму кредитів Європейської кредитної трансферно-накопичувальної системи для освітніх ступенів, обов’язковості навчальних дисциплін правничої клініки, правничої дослідницької лабораторії та імітації судового процесу, механізму первинного і періодичного оцінювання правничих шкіл тощо. У майбутньому законі й урядовій концепції необхідно передбачити залучення до складу Ради також деканів та ректорів правничих шкіл, що мають ліцензований обсяг на підготовку бакалаврів права і керівників правничих наукових установ; визначити таку Раду постійно діючим робочим органом Всеукраїнського з’їзду; окреслити принципи роботи Ради; передбачити територіальну ротацію місць засідань; допустити приватні правничі школи до підготовки правників; додати Раді функції обміну й узагальнення досвіду, вивчення і популяризації кращих практик, адаптації міжнародних стандартів і документів, вивчення і збереження правової спадщини України, сприяння розвитку вітчизняних наукових шкіл, затвердження рекомендацій Міністерству освіти і науки України з усього спектру юридичної освіти й науки, а не тільки їх фінансування, здійснення інших функцій, визначених З’їздом; передбачити, що Міністерство освіти і науки України скликає Всеукраїнський з’їзд у разі, якщо Рада не здійснила цього відповідно до закону, а не навпаки.
Проблеми визначення складу суду касаційної інстанції
Authors: КРАВЧУК ВОЛОДИМИР
Published: March 2019

Судом касаційної інстанції є Верховний Суд. Проте Верховний Суд діє у різних складах. Кожен із них має визначену законом компетенцію з перегляду справ як суд касаційної інстанції. Водночас для забезпечення єдності та сталості судової практики законом запроваджено новий алгоритм визначення складу касаційного суду шляхом “уступки” юрисдикції від колегії і аж до Великої Палати. Метою статті є аналіз окремих проблем, пов’язаних із визначенням повноважного складу суду касаційної інстанції та забезпеченням права особи на “суд, встановлений законом” (в аспекті ст. 6 Конвенції про захист прав людини і основоположних свобод), а також розробка пропозицій щодо шляхів їх розв’язання. Виявлено основні практичні проблеми застосування “принципу ієрархії” щодо: механізму передачі справи на розгляд палати, об’єднаної палати чи Великої Палати; незгоди з декількома правовими висновками; послідовності уступки юрисдикції; прийняття і відмови у прийнятті переданої справи до провадження; поняття “висновок щодо застосування норми права у подібних правовідносинах”; зловживання з передачею справи на розгляд Великої Палати; поняття “необхідність відступити” від висновку; розголошення думки суддів по суті справи до її вирішення. Механізм уступки юрисдикції загалом відповідає завданню Верховного Суду щодо забезпечення єдності та послідовності судової практики. Водночас процесуальне законодавство містить положення, які на практиці можуть бути витлумачені неоднозначно і призвести до процесуальних ускладнень. Запропоновано викладені нижче шляхи їх запобіганню. У разі необхідності відступити від двох чи більше висновків колегії, палати або об’єднаної палати, передати справу на розгляд до Великої Палати Верховного Суду. Запровадити послідовний механізм уступки юрисдикції: колегія – палаті; палата – об’єднаній палаті; об’єднана палата (по суті, вищий орган відповідного касаційного суду) – Великій Палаті. Право передавати справу з мотивів виключної правової проблеми має бути компетенцією об’єднаної палати. У такий спосіб усувається ризик зловживань із передачею справ, а основним органом забезпечення єдності практики стають касаційні суди. Велика Палата не повинна відмовляти у прийнятті справи до розгляду, якщо вона передана об’єднаною палатою відповідного касаційного суду. Перевіряти обґрунтованість скарги в частині доводів про порушення юрисдикції та якщо Велика Палата вже висловлювала правовий висновок, колегія має діяти з урахуванням цього висновку, якщо ні – передавати до Великої Палати. Визначитися з критеріями “відступлення” і загалом концепцією взаємодії між суддями з метою забезпечення єдності судової практики.
Екологічна безпека та сталий розвиток: кореляційна залежність
Authors: ТУРЧЕНКО ОЛЬГА
Published: March 2019

Визнання факту, що природа планети – це не тільки фізичне середовище існування людства, джерело ресурсів для матеріального виробництва, об’єкт естетичного ставлення людини, а й передусім основа існування життя у всьому його різноманітті, є причиною включення екологічної безпеки до системи всеохоплюючої безпеки. Метою статті є аналіз сформованих у доктрині з урахуванням положень міжнародних актів підходів до розуміння поняття “екологічна безпека”, обґрунтування взаємозв’язку і взаємозалежності екологічної безпеки та сталого розвитку. У результаті проведеного дослідження автор доходить висновку, що забезпечення загальної безпеки загалом й екологічної безпеки зокрема безпосередньо пов’язано з переходом до сталого розвитку, відповідно, поняття безпеки ґрунтується на концепції сталого розвитку. Звідси, з одного боку, безпека як благо в сталому розвитку набуває комплексного характеру певної гарантованої комфортності людського існування, а з другого – виступає змістовним виміром сталого розвитку. В онтологічному аспекті це означає, що безпека – певна доцільна відстань між людством і природою, яка забезпечує їхній цивілізаційний діалог. Узагальнюючою характеристикою стану системи, яка змістовно пов’язується з її безпекою, є індикатор, величина якого в синергетичному відношенні визначається рівнем збалансованості інтересів компонентів, а в антропоцентричному – рівнем збалансованості соціально-економічної та техногенно-екологічної безпеки. Навіть у межах моделі несталого розвитку необхідним є досягнення певного рівня стабільності і безпеки, для того щоб можна було здійснити перехід до сталого розвитку. Перехід до сталого розвитку можливий лише в глобальному масштабі, у злагоджено-когерентному режимі всіх об’єктів і суб’єктів безпеки.
Religion And Political Identity- Korean Protestantism In The Power Structures Of Early South Korea, 1945–1948
Authors: Noh Anna
Published: March 2019

Throughout the history of post-1945 Korea, evangelical Protestants in South Korea reinforced their political, economic, and cultural ascendancy over the country with extensive economic and administrative supports from the US government as well as missionaries from that country. This paper will examine in what ways Korean evangelical Protestantism gained hegemonic power in nation-building. It is broadly categorised into three spheres: firstly, the sphere of international relations, analysing to what extent the US army administration intervened the religious sphere in South Korea; secondly, the religious-cultural sphere, exploring in what ways Protestant dogma has been combined with the Cold War discourse; and finally, the political sphere, examining in what ways the Christian morality combined with American values in the first ROK government. The role of Pyong’an Christians will also be taken up.
Islam And South Korea’s Middle East Diplomacy
Authors: Song Niu
Published: March 2019

Islam was reintroduced into South Korea during the Korean War due to the participation of the Turkish army. In its more than 50 years’ development process, the achievements of Korean Islam include the establishment of legal Islamic organizations, the construction of mosques all over the country, pilgrimage to Mecca, translation of the Koran into Korean, and the establishment of an Islamic Institute. The number of Muslims in South Korea has grown considerably. South Korea’s Middle East diplomacy began in 1957; its spheres include economic diplomacy, international contribution diplomacy, and cultural diplomacy. South Korea has gained a certain level of influence in the Middle East. South Korea’s Islamic communities take part in the government’s Middle East diplomacy at various levels, and this is a powerful supplement to official Middle East diplomacy.
New Nationalism and New Democracy- Assessing An Jae-hong’s Legacy
Authors: Kim Natalia
Published: March 2019

To provide a glimpse into this period and ideas prominent at the time, the article explores the ideas of the Korean intellectual An Jae-hong, a scholar-gentleman whose career spans the nation’s colonial period and was entwined with debates over Korean nationalism. Natalia Kim channels and develops the insights from her work on the period and her book, South Korea, 1945–1948: A Political History. Focusing specifically on An’s cultural nationalism, as revealed in his work, Dr. Kim demonstrates how An’s thoughts on the Korean nation and the ideal political type (his ‘new nationalism’ and ‘new democracy’) were influenced by the historical experience and global political realities of his day.
REVIEWING ELEMENTS OF FEMINISM IN A MALAYSIAN PLAY: KUALA LUMPUR KNOCK-OUT
Authors: Ahmad Kamal Basyah Sallehuddin
Published: March 2019

Kuala Lumpur Knock-Out (henceforth to be known as “KL-KO”) is the second project of Kuali Works. KLKO is the most commercial performance staged by Kuali Works; this was the first time Kuali Works advertised its play in mainstream newspapers in the, as well as solid patronages from an impressive list of sponsors. Written and directed by Ann Lee, it was staged in Experimental Theatre, Kuala Lumpur in 1996. KL-KO revolves around the life of Tan Ai Leng (played by critically acclaimed dancer Mew Chang Tsing), a young Chinese woman from Penang who dreams of fighting Mike Tyson in an exhibitionboxing match in Kuala Lumpur. Simultaneously, her best friend Mazuri experience a rather unpleasant incident at her workplace. After 22 years, it is recompensing to look back at the relevance of the issues highlighted in this play. Simultaneously, one would realise that the elements of feminism discussed in this play are the real problems faced by women in this country, even after the new millennium.
PATIENTS’ CONTRIBUTION AS A QUID PRO QUO FOR COMMUNITY SUPPORTS? EVIDENCE FROM VIETNAMESE CO-LOCATION CLUSTERS
Authors: Vuong Quan-Hoang , Nguyen Ha
Published: March 2019

This paper studies the emerging societal phenomenon of voluntarily co-located patients communities, by examining a data set containing 336 responses from four such co-location clusters in Hanoi, Vietnam. The analysis successfully models the data employing the baseline category logits framework. The results obtained from the analysis show that patients co-living in these clusters contribute their resources (financial and in-kind) in hope of community supports during their medical treatments. They also contribute voluntary services and share information/experiences with the community, with different beliefs on expected outcome with respect to their possible benefits provided by their communities. Patients value the business community supports––a reflection on better awareness of corporate social responsibilities––higher, and are more skeptical toward expected benefits from the public health system. The results represent one of first attempts in understanding this special type of somewhat isolated circles of desperate patients who have been excluded from Vietnam’s fast-growing emerging market economy. Keywords: Health Behavior; Co-Located Patients Community; Corporate Social Responsibilities; Healthcare Resources.
THE MEDIATING EFFECTS OF VALUE ON SERVICE QUALITY-SATISFACTION RELATIONSHIP IN MALAYSIAN TOURISM INDUSTRY
Authors: Kwok See-Ying , Jusoh Ahmad , Khalifah Zainab
Published: March 2019

The ways to maintain and increase customer satisfaction are always the concern of business providers because high satisfaction is closely related to the customers’ positive word of mouth, revisit intentions, and loyalty; which are the key for the success of long term businesses in today’s customer-focused industry. For that reason, more satisfaction studies, especially on the elements that contribute to higher satisfaction level are needed. Previous researches discovered several explanatory predictors to satisfaction. Nevertheless, in this study, only two variables, i.e. service quality and value were chosen as the antecedent variables associated to satisfaction among international tourists in the context of Malaysian tourism. This study further focused on examining whether service quality has an indirect impact on satisfaction through value, i.e. the mediator effect. The relationships proposed were analysed with structural equation modelling (SEM) analysis using the data gathered from 301 international tourists that have travelled to Malaysia. The findings indicated that both service quality and value are the significant predictors that influence tourist satisfaction. Additionally, the results also indicated that value plays a mediator role in the service quality-satisfaction relationship in the tourism context. Keywords: Satisfaction; Value; Service Quality; Tourist.
THE EMPLOYMENT RIGHTS AND LEGAL PROTECTION FOR PROFESSIONAL FOOTBALLERS IN MALAYSIAN LABOUR MARKET
Authors: Hassim Jady @Zaidi , Zahid Anowar
Published: March 2019

This paper discusses the employment rights of professional footballers in general. The issue to be addressed is whether the rights established in the unilateral and standard blueprint of player agreements can be considered fair for both sides. Indent analysis on this jurisdictional issue significantly concerns the standard terms of an employment contract that influence a professional footballer’s value in the labour market and player transfer policy. This paper adopts a dual methodology of research, namely quantitative and qualitative research. The quantitative data reflect a considerably high level of understanding of the players of the explicitly stated as well as the merely implied contractual terms. However, the majority of footballers are neither individually nor collectively represented in the bargain deal with the employers, which reveals the need of a proper players’ union to transform sports into a labour market which is able to guarantee a stable economic activity. The empowerment of professional sports could generate more marketing revenues and thus enhance human development in professional sports. Keywords: Professional Footballers; Employment Rights; Labour Market; Economic Activity.
FACTORS INFLUENCING GREEN PURCHASING ADOPTION FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SMEs) IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Ramakrishnan Pavitra , Haron Hasnah , Goh Yen-Nee
Published: March 2019

Acute awareness of environmental problems following continuous environmental deterioration drives growing SMEs to adopt green purchasing practices. SMEs are recognized as the main source of environmental risk and bottleneck in adopting green purchasing practices. This is mainly due to SMEs are lack of information and resources or expertise to deal with the environmental issues. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the factors influencing green purchasing adoption for EMS IS0 14001 SMEs in Malaysia. A cross-sectional approach using survey was conducted among all the EMS 14001 certified SMEs listed under the Federation of Malaysian Manufacturers (FMM) 2012 directory. A research model been proposed as supported with stakeholders theory. The research model comprises of green purchasing adoption as a dependent variable while government regulations, customer pressures, top management support, supplier relationship and perceived benefits as independent variables and corporate social responsibility as moderating variable. Results show that only government regulations, customer pressures and perceived benefits were found to be positively and significantly influencing green purchasing adoption for SMEs in Malaysia. Limitations and suggestion for future research are discussed.Keywords: Green Purchasing Adoption; SMEs; Malaysia..
Tensile Properties of Pandanus Atrocarpus based Composites
Authors: Nicholas Kuan Hoo Tien , Lee Meng Chuen
Published: March 2019

Pandanus atrocarpus, or locally known as mengkuang plant is likely to be potential natural fibre reinforcement in composite. Both the Pandanus leaves, and fibres extracted from the Pandanus leaves were used in composite fabrication. Fibres were extracted from Pandanus leaves with water retting process. Pandanus composites were laminated using compression moulding method. The tensile properties of composite laminates based on lamination of Pandanus leaf- and extracted Pandanus fibre-reinforced polyethylene were investigated. Tensile tests have shown that composite laminates based on extracted Pandanus fibre reinforced polyethylene were more superior than using the Pandanus leaf itself without extracting its fibre. Tests exhibited that increasing the volume fraction of Pandanus fibre resulted in strength increase. This suggests that Pandanus fibre- based composites could offer a range of mechanical properties for use in the engineering industry.
STUDY ON MATHEMATICAL MODEL IN SIMULATING CYMBOPOGON WINTERIANUS ESSENTIAL OIL EXTRACTION BY STEAM DISTILLATION
Authors: Ahmad Lutfi Nik ‘Amirah Farhana Nik , Atan Mohd Farid , Rahman Nazeri Abdul , Salleh Shanti Faridah , Abdul Wahab Noraziah
Published: March 2019

The main objective of this study is to improve the mathematical modelling of Cymbopogon winterianus essential oil extraction by steam distillation proposed by Cassel and Vargas by minimum 5% error reduction. Two process variable of steam distillation which are extraction time and raw material state (dry or natural) has been optimized by using factorial experimental planning to obtain high yields of citronella essential oil from twig and leaves of lemongrass species Cymbopogon winterianus (C.winterianus). The optimal condition for maximum yield (0.942%) were found to be an extraction time, 4 hr, state, natural plant. The study of Cassel and Vargas was subsequently continued with five proposed kinetics model of the extraction process. The modelling of the extraction process is optimized by using one adjustable parameter of the model and the adequacy of the fit of the models to the experimental data are analyzed by using three statistical criteria that are correlation coefficient (r) ,the root mean square error (RMSE) and the mean relative deviation modulus (E). The result has shown that the mathematical model developed by Ana based on mass transfer fundamentals is the optimum mathematical model for the extraction of Cymbopogon winterianus essential oil by steam distillation.
Evaluating Vehicular Delay Cost of Congested Road Networks in Akure Ondo State, Nigeria
Authors: Olugbenga Joseph Oyedepo , Afolayan Abayomi
Published: March 2019

Estimate of the impact of congestion such as economic and productivity loss was evaluated along three selected routes namely RA, RB and RC in Akure using cost and delay. Travel speed, and Average Daily Traffic (ADT) were measured using cine camera; while fuel consumption was measured per litre using the vehicles fuel gauge. The annual person hours of delay (APHD) of 626.25 hrs, 918.51 hrs and 140.91 hrs was obtained for route A, B and C respectively. The daily wasted fuel cost for vehicle on RA, RB and RC are N785.83/day, N 959.9/day and N 130.5/day respectively, while N6,506.42/ day, N 7,676.63 and N 2,110.92 was obtained for total delay cost (TDC) on the RA, RB and RC. Also, fuel wasted associated with congestion for RA, RB and RC are 1,642,352.40 naira per year, 1,937,735.8 naira per year, and 532,838.80 naira per year respectively; this amount to economic loss. Provision of effective public transit, efficient off-street parking system, and enforcement of traffic rule and regulation were recommended as a panacea to traffic congestion problem in the study area.
Modelling of Grassed Road Divider as Bio-Retention System for Urban Road Drainage
Authors: Mah Yau Seng , Wong Amy Ee Ling , Teo Fang Yenn
Published: March 2019

An evaluation on the applicability of bio-retention system in grassed road divider under high rainfall of equatorial region was conducted by developing computer-aided stormwater models using USEPA SWMM 5.1. The models simulated road runoffs with and without bio-retention systems. A single unit of bio-retention system tested here was 3 m in width, 6 m in length with 150 mm of ponding depth and 600 mm of soil/storage depth. Results indicated that soil types of loamy sand, sandy loam and loam showed similar performance in reducing runoff. With installation of bio-retention system, road runoff could be reduced 40-50% when subjected to 60 minutes of 2-, 5- and 10-year ARI rain events. The results obtained from the simulation were encouraging that bio-retention system in grassed road divider could function to augment the existing urban road drainage.
EMBRACING ASEAN COMMUNITY: MALAYSIA, INDONESIA AND BRUNEI YOUTH PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Marwan Nurul Huda , Ya'akub Ahmad Nizar , Aini Noor'ain
Published: March 2019

After 48 years in existence, ASEAN has eventually transformed from periodic annual meetings of ministers to setting ambitious goals to transform itself into an integrated region; the ASEAN Community by the year 2020. An important tension in this transformation is the question of whether the people of ASEAN are aware and ready to embrace the initiative. As such, this study is interested to discover youths’ awareness, attitudes and expectations toward the establishment. For this purpose, a set of questionnaires has been distributed to a total of 600 university students from Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Universiti Brunei Darussalam and Universitas Tanjungpura, Kalimantan which act as the aggregate view of youths originating from Borneo. The finding reveals limited familiarity on ASEAN and ASEAN Community among the respondents. Hence, this study implies that a concerted effort should be done in communicating the message of ASEAN Community to the ASEAN masses. Core elements include sufficient exposure on ASEAN Community’s vision and mission, availability of specific mandatory courses on both school and university level and the initiation of more intra-ASEAN exchange programs; strengthening friendships and ensuring eventual steps to a greater consolidated integration. Future expansions to this study could be applied in other universities across the region in order to better gauge the general awareness and readiness of the youth towards the initiative.Keywords: ASEAN, ASEAN Community, Southeast Asia, integration, Borneo, youth, awareness, readiness
CONTRIBUTING FACTORS AND KNOWLEDGE OF POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME (PCOS) AMONG PRE-CLINICAL FEMALE STUDENTS IN FMHS, UNIMAS
Authors: Thomas Arnold , Mohamad Raba’ai Mazwanee Arena , Rahmatullah Nur Ain , Talip Saiful Bahri , Ahmad Kendong Siti Maryam
Published: March 2019

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder of uncertain aetiology that affects women of reproductive age, characterized by features of anovulation, irregular menstrual cycle, hirsutism and acne. Although it is the commonest cause for infertility, most women remain unaware until diagnosed. This was a cross-sectional study using quantitative research approach to collect information from preclinical female students in Faculty of Health and Medicine (FMHS), UNIMAS regarding contributing factors such as Body Mass Index (BMI), menstrual cycle, lifestyle patterns and knowledge on PCOS. A total of 201 respondents participated in which 122 of them medical students and 79 were nursing students. One of the main findings of this study was that most of the students were found to be classified under ideal BMI, 12.4% were overweight and 14.9% were underweight. Statistical analysis indicated that there was no difference in the nutritional status of the medical and nursing students. The students were found to be significantly associated with pre-menstrual symptoms (PMS) and their menstrual cycle patterns were found to be significantly irregular due to stress (p<0.05). Majority of the medical and nursing students enjoyed going to the gym during their leisure time (p<0.05). Moreover, both medical and nursing students practiced sedentary activities during leisure time as their mean scores fell below 1.50. The medical students were significantly (p=0.002) more knowledgeable (Mean=0.38; SD=0.20) compared to nursing students (Mean=0.28; SD=0.21). Nevertheless, both groups were considered having poor knowledge on PCOS as their mean score fell below 0.5.
MULTIMODAL ANALYSIS OF PERSUASIVE STRATEGIES IN CANCER RISK MESSAGES IN POSTERS
Authors: Jerome Collin , Ting Su-Hie
Published: March 2019

Cancer remains as one of the most fatal diseases affecting human life today. Despite medical advances in cancer treatment, cancer mortality rates remain high and there is still much more to be done to raise public awareness about its risks and prevention. Posters are among the means to communicate cancer risk messages to target audiences to influence them to adopt recommended behaviours to minimise their risk of developing the disease. This paper presents an analysis of cancer risk messages in cancer prevention posters. Using multimodality and persuasive communication theory, the paper examines the posters’ verbal and visual elements and how they converge in creating persuasive messages that aim to influence behaviour change among the target audience. To achieve this, five posters on cancer risk produced by the Ministry of Health Malaysia are chosen and analysed in terms of (1) their visual and verbal elements and (2) how they work together to produce persuasive messages with motivational appeals that can effectuate a change from harmful health behaviours to those that prevent cancer. The findings show that the posters’ visual and verbal elements work metafunctionally (e.g. ideationally, interpersonally and textually) in creating cancer risk messages. The findings also show that the posters’ visual and verbal elements converge with motivational appeals of fear, guilt and pity to produce persuasive messages that can induce people to change their behaviours and take preventive measures to reduce the risk of cancer. More importantly, the posters also promote the idea of cancerfree, healthy lifestyles.
What Issues Matter to Local Voters, and Why?: Electoral Politics in Ranau, Sabah
Authors: Puyok Arnold
Published: March 2019

This research was an attempt to gauge the electorates‘ opinion on key electoral issues in Ranau, Sabah. It involved 712 respondents from the state constituencies of Kundasang, Paginatan and Karanaan. A survey questionnaire based on a five-point Likert scale was distributed to the respondents. The respondents were asked on electoral issues ranging from primordial sentiments, personality politics, patronage politics, regional sentiments, development, economy and governance. The research theoretical framework is based on the sociological, psychological, and economic models of voting behaviour. The research found that race and religious considerations have less influence on the people’s voting decisions and are unlikely to feature prominently in the upcoming elections. However, electoral issues based on regional sentiments related to Sabah’s state of affairs remain very popular among the respondents. The politics of personality formed on the basis of patrimonial, cultural and patronage ties is also evident, suggesting that the role of the candidate is more important than the role of the party in influencing people’s voting decisions. The ruling government is viewed less favourably on the issue of governance and economy, indicating that local and national issues are equally important in shaping Ranau’s, and Sabah’s political landscape.
A Study on Correlation between Pore Water Pressure, Rainfall and Landslide Occurrence
Authors: D.N.A.A Suhaimi , O. S. Selaman
Published: March 2019

Landslides not only include loss of human lives and properties, but also effect the transportation direct and indirectly. This study focus on the correlation between rainfalls and pore water pressure which lead to landslide event. For this study, the scope of study focuses at Bau, Sarawak whereby lot of landslide event occurs along the road in 2009. Triaxial test is conduct in lab to measure pore water pressure which modeling landslide occurs on 11th January 2009 at KM 72.00 Bau-Lundu Road. From the laboratory test, it can be seen that continuous and heavy rainfall will increase the pore water pressure in soil. When the pore water pressure increase from 809.94 kPa to 829.25 kPa, the strength of the soil will be decrease due to the water content inside the soil. Other than that, correlation between pore water pressure and rainfall can be seen as an exponential relationship by plotting agraph using Microsoft Excel. It indicates that continuous rainfall within 11 days will increase the changes in pore water pressure and causes the soil to be in fully saturation condition. After 27 hours, the soil will be in failure which leads to landslide.
Modelling of Batang Rejang for Extreme Events
Authors: Mah D.Y.S. , Nam N.C. , Putuhena F.J. , Law P.L.
Published: March 2019

Flood is a natural hazard. It happens when the water in a river channel is beyond the capacity of the channel to carry while the overflowing water is called as floodwater. Flood causes damage to life and property when it strikes a vulnerable population in the affected area. There are several townships located along Batang Rejang such as Kapit, Song, Kanowit and Sibu. The main objective of this paper is to develop a river model to map the extreme events for Batang Rejang. The method used in is river modelling by using InfoWorks RS software. This method is simulating the Batang Rejang in order to view the behaviours of the river in response to conditions and effects of extreme events over a given period of time. Flood maps computed from InfoWorks RS are for flood extent analysis as it provides insights to the damage for different locations at different flows. The maps are also useful for related authorities or parties to locate human activities at the catchment area and to carry out emergency flood plans in the future.
Effect of Roughness on Discharge
Authors: Lau T.W. , Afshar N.R.
Published: March 2019

These Water resource projects and hydraulic engineering works have been developing rapidly throughout the world, thus prediction of water roughness coefficient is becoming an importance criteria for the designs of hydraulic related structure like open channel, and dam structure. The purposes of this research are to determine the effect of roughness on discharge and study on the factors that affect roughness coefficient. The roughness coefficient for this study is expressed in terms of Manning’s n. Experimental works were carried out to study the effect of roughness by using flumes (8m x 0.3m x 0.4m) with different types of roughened bed such as 2mm grain size plate and 5mm grain size plate. The experiments were being tested with various flow rates for slope equal to 1:300, 1:600 and 1:900 to determine the effect of slope on roughness coefficient. The results of the experimental study were presented and shown that the effect of surface roughness, material grain size, channel slope, and Manning’s roughness coefficient on flow rate. For the range of conditions tested, the discharge was found to be decreased as roughness coefficient increase. From the experiments, it shows smoother surface is having lower roughness coefficient and less retarding effect on the water flow, higher flow rate is produced. As conclusion, flow rate and roughness coefficient were influenced by bed roughness and slope.
Catchment Size, Soil Type and Land Use to Determine the Amount and Likelihood of Flood in the Sarawak Corridor of Renewable Energy (SCORE) Region
Authors: D.N.H. Awang Abdillah , O.S. Selaman
Published: March 2019

Size of catchment, soil types and land use are some of the factors that influence the flood phenomenon. Generally, the amount and behavior of the runoff from precipitation are analyzed to observe their effects on the catchment in terms of flood occurrence. This study measures the likelihood of flood event by comparing the peak flow rates at the pre development and post development stages of the major system. The approach used is by the most common practice in hydrology that is Rational Method. With a higher peak flow rate obtained at post development stage, it has been proven that as more urbanization takes place, there is the more flood occurrence. Similar results are obtained where the poorly-drained soils like peat and clay are present at certain area in the region. It has been verified that the size of catchment contributes the most on the flood risk.
A Study on the Rainfall and Landslides Along Sarawak Road Using the Antecedent Rainfall Analysis
Authors: J. E. Tay , O. S. Selaman
Published: March 2019

Sarawak is a state known for its high percentage of clayey soil which is overlaid with "weak" strata. The state has experienced many cases of severe landslides which even resulted to deaths. This study aims to address the correlation between rainfall intensity and landslide occurrences along roads in Sarawak. By using the antecedent rainfall analysis, this study emphasizes on more than 50 cases of landslides which occurred along Sarawak roads in the early 2009. Where, during the month of January marks the most amount of rainfall experienced by the state in that year. Many landslide cases were reported, especially along the stretch of Sarawak roads, leading to injuries and road repair cost. The hyetograph drawn in this analysis provides probability of days of antecedent rainfall that induces landslides as well as the total amount of rainfall during the antecedent period that would lead to landslide occurrence. The intensity of rainfall on the day of landslides itself as well as the highest intensity of rainfall during the antecedent period is also analyzed to establish whether it is a factor leading to the landslide occurrence. The observations and forecasts present in this paper will provide warning system for the members of public as well as the state's civil defense authority before the occurrence of rainfall-induced landslide.
Status of Industrialized Building System Manufacturing Plant in Malaysia
Authors: Azman Mohamed Nor Azhari , S. Ahamad Mohd Sanusi , A.Majid Taksiah , Hanafi Mohd Hanizun
Published: March 2019

The trend construction industry have move from project based to product based in term of long term investment. Industrialized building system (IBS) in Malaysia is defined as a construction system where components are manufactured at factories on or off site, transported and then assembled into a structure with minimum work. IBS also is known as off-site construction or prefabrication. Thus, IBS have the similarity drive and challenge with the United States (US), United Kingdom (UK) and Australia; and among the factors are skilled craft worker, fast track completion, cost and transportation. United States, United Kingdom and Australia have achieved modular building standard while Malaysia still in the hybridization stage. The Malaysian government and researcher have promoted the modern method construction industry to break the ‘traditional technology’. Anecdotally, the total number of IBS manufacturing plant has increased from 21 in 2002 to 143 factories in 2010. From the evolution of the IBS manufacturing component, the most favorable system used in the IBS component is the precast concrete system and followed by the steel framing system.
Stabilization of Indian Fly Ashes with Soils, Cement, and Randomly Oriented Fibers
Authors: R. Kaniraj Shenbaga , Gayathri V. , Havanagi V.G.
Published: March 2019

Experimental studies were carried out on fly ashes from two Indian thermal power plants, namely Rajghat and Dadri, with the aim of improving the utilization of fly ash in geotechnical engineering applications. It was attempted to improve the engineering performance of fly ash by several means such as by mixing fly ash with soils, cement, and polyester fibers. The research program included the study of: a) physical properties, chemical composition and morphology of the fly ashes; b) compaction, strength, and permeability characteristics of the fly ashes and fly ash-soil mixtures; c) compaction and strength characteristics of fly ash-soil mixtures stabilized with fibers alone, with cement alone, and with both cement and fibers. Results showed that addition of fly ash to soils would result in lighter and stronger fills. Fiber inclusions increased the strength of fly ash-soil specimens significantly and altered their behaviour from brittle to ductile. Even small cement contents increased the strength of the fly ash-soil mixtures significantly. With higher cement contents of up to 18% it was possible to prepare fly ash-cement design mixes that satisfied the strength criteria for pavement base courses.
Technology Advancement in Vehicle Monitoring System for Accident Prevention
Authors: Chai N.P. , Abidin W.A.W.Z. , Ibrahim W. H. W. , Hong Ping K.
Published: March 2019

Significant development in urbanized cities causes vehicle ownership to grow with rapid rate. As a result, the saturation of vehicle in dense cities leads to insufficient transportation infrastructure, which causes an increase in road accident occurrences. The condition of vehicle and driver such as poor engine operation system, speeding, reckless driving, drowsy driving, drunken driving are the factors of accidents. Vehicle monitoring system is thus very important to be deployed as an effort for accident prevention to reduce the number of road accidents. This paper reviews the recent progress and development of technologies in vehicle monitoring system for accident prevention. Various technologies in the system include Global Positioning System (GPS), Geographical Information System (GIS), Global System for Mobile (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), image processing, Fuzzy Logic, data fusion and so forth. The issues and challenges in vehicle monitoring system are also presented in this paper.
The Mediating Effects of Organizational Justice in Determining the Relationship between Performance-Based Pay and Employees’ Turnover Intention
Authors: Mei Yang Kuan , Ahmad Rusli , Abdullah Siti Mariam
Published: March 2019

This is a study on employees’ perception of justice towards performance-based pay and the effect of these perceptions on their turnover intention. This study aims to examine the mediating role played by distributive and procedural justice in linking pay distribution and pay procedure of performance-based pay to employees’ turnover intention. A review of past literature in this particular area has prompted the researchers to narrow the gaps in previous studies. Towards that, this study utilized questionnaires which were administered among 50 non-managerial employees currently working in a private company located in Kuching, Sarawak, East Malaysia. Data analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), Version 20.0. Pearson Correlation and Stepwise Regression were used to examine the relationship between the variables. The outcomes of Stepwise Regression revealed that distributive justice fully mediated the relationship between pay distribution and employees’ turnover intention in contrast to procedural justice which did not have a significant impact in the relationship. The findings of this study are useful references for organisation management of the pay system to improve employees’ performance.Keywords: employees’ turnover intention; organizational justice; performance-based pay
Conquering Pedaphobia: A Case Study of Counselling Interventions
Authors: Mohammad Roose Aina Razlin
Published: March 2019

This paper presents a case study of a 22-year-old female client who came for counselling sessions for the purpose of overcoming her pedaphobia. Symptoms, such as, dizziness, nausea, arousal, sweating palm and body shaking were noticed to be visible not only by the presence of a real child, but also by pictures, stories and imaginations of infants. Systematic desensitization technique, a form of Exposure Therapy, was applied to treat the client. It involved relaxation and breathing techniques, and supported by the application of live modelling guided participation. Along with the interventions, Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy techniques were also applied, such as, thought recording, irrational thoughts identification and disputation, Rational Emotive Imagery (REI), coping self-statement, and forceful self-statement. By the end of the therapy, the client reported to have experienced a decline in the occurrences of symptoms and demonstrated the ability to overcome her phobia.Keywords: phobia; pedaphobia; systematic desensitization; counselling intervention; rational emotive behaviour therapy
Social Networking of Owner-Managers in Small Accommodation in Malaysia: Implications for HRD
Authors: Jonathan Victoria
Published: March 2019

Small accommodation providers are challenged to grow their business due to their limited resources. Although social networking is suggested to assist organization growth, few studies have focused on how owner-managers in the Malaysian hospitality industry network and the value they attach to it. This paper presents findings of 10 in-depth interviews of social networking motivation and barrier of owner-managers of small accommodation in Kuching, Malaysia. The findings show that the owner-managers were motivated by the perceived organizational and personal benefits of networking with others. However, issues such as social competence and business concerns were identified as barriers that may limit their participation in networking. To overcome these issues, it is suggested that educators, policymakers, and trade associations work together with the owner-managers to address their specific development and resource needs.  Keywords: Social networking; small firm; SME; entrepreneur; Malaysia
Regression Analysis on Agent Roles in Personal Knowledge Management Processes: Significance of a Connect Agent in Mediating Human’s Personal Knowledge Management
Authors: Ismail Shahrinaz , Ahmad Mohd Sharifuddin , Hassan Zainuddin
Published: March 2019

Across the literature, there is a gradual development of research on personal knowledge management (PKM) from theoretical to technical perspective on managing personal knowledge over the computer and Internet technologies. This research domain has aroused the interest of researchers with the introduction of a PKM model to accommodate the understanding of PKM among knowledge workers. In this model, called the GUSC model, there are four main processes, which are Get knowledge, Understand knowledge, Share knowledge and Connect to knowledge sources. This model entails four cognitive enablers that are proposed to mediate the PKM processes. This paper analyses the quantitative data on the GUSC model to further understand the roles of software agents in mediating human’s PKM processes. It also analyses the role of cognitive enablers as mediating factors for the PKM processes, which are seen as potential strong notions for software agency. The results of the analysis show the significance of ‘connect’ as a role of an agent that depends on the rest of the factors. Based on the quantitative findings, it is recommended that the GUSC model is used to conceptualise an agent-based system, with cognitive enablers to determine the appropriate agent-mediated structure for the system.