bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovation in direct intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; a developing country experience
Authors: Muhammad Misbah Tahir  , Muhammad Ali  , Lubna Kamani  , Tauqeer Shaikh  , Danial Khalid Siddiqui  , Khalid Mustafa
Published: March 2023

Anticoagulants are the first-line treatment option for patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS); however, intervention is required when this fails. Although, the ultimate treatment is liver transplant, other radiological procedures are for the management of the disease and bridge to definitive therapy. TIPS (trans jugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt) is a method used by interventional radiologists to create a shunt between portal vein and hepatic vein. At times it is technically not possible, in such cases, direct intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (DIPS) is performed. This patient underwent a successful DIPS procedure for BCS along with balloon dilatation (venoplasty) for inferior vena cava (IVC) stenosis.
Keywords: Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS), Trans jugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), direct intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (DIPS), inferior vena cava (IVC).
A review analysis of exercise training regimes among females with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Rao Mubarra , Khan Amna Aamir , Adnan Qurat Ul Ain
Published: March 2023

Objective: The current systematic review was planned to provide quality assessment of different exercise regimes and their outcomes on the symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome, and to see if one exercise regime was better than the rest.
Methods: Search was conducted on PubMed and Google Scholar databases for studies published between 2001 and 2021 whose full text was available. The search yielded 28 studies that were reviewed.
Results: The current evidence suggests that exercise regimes, such as high-intensity interval training, progressive resistance training, aerobic exercises, and yoga may improve polycystic ovary syndrome conditions. This is accomplished through treating associated risk factors, like body morphology, insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, lipid profile, reproductive hormones, menstrual cycle, and quality of life.
Conclusion: Exercise regimes improves several symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome. However, selecting a specific exercise regime over others as the standardised treatment protocol remained inconclusive.
Key Words: Polycystic ovarian syndrome, Exercises, High-intensity interval training, Aerobic exercises.
Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of tocotrienols in healthy human volunteers: a systematic review
Authors: Sharif Mahjabeen , Khan Dilshad  Ahmed , Farhat Kulsoom , Mudassar Noor  , Mohammad Asghar Khan  , Saima Rafique
Published: March 2023

Objectives: To evaluate and compare the pharmacokinetic parameters, especially bioavailability, of annatto-based tocotrienol with palm tocotrienol-rich fraction in healthy human volunteers for better therapeutic outcome.
Method: The systematic review was conducted between April and August 2021 in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta Analysis guidelines, and comprised search on PubMed, Google Scholar, Pakmedinet and Google search engines for open-label or double-blind randomised controlled trials involving healthy human volunteers published till January 2021. Key words used included annatto-based tocotrienol, palm tocotrienol-rich fraction, absorption and bioavailability. Boolean operators were also used, like tocotrienol AND bioavailability, annatto tocotrienol AND pharmacokinetics.
Results: Of the 230 articles identified, 50(21.7%) articles met the eligibility criteria. Of them, 7(14%) were selected for data extraction and detailed analysis. Pharmacokinetic parameters of annatto-based tocotrienol were better than palm-derived tocotrienol. Oral administration of all the isomers of annatto-based tocotrienols resulted in dose-dependent increase in area under curve and plasma levels.  Amongst all the isomers of annatto-based and palm-derived tocotrienol, delta isomer of annatto-based tocotrienol had the highest bioavailability with area under curve 7450±89 ng/ml, time to reach peak plasma levels 4 hours, maximum plasma concentration 1591±43 ng/nl and elimination half-life 2. 68 ±0.29 hrs. Pharmacokinetic parameters of delta isomer of annatto-based tocotrienol was greater than palm tocotrienol-rich fraction.
Conclusion: Bioavailability of annatto-based tocotrienol was better than that of palm-derived tocotrienol-rich fraction. Delta isomer of annatto-based tocotrienol had the highest bioavailability amongst all isomers of tocotrienol.
Effect of 0.01% Atropine on diopter and optic axis in adolescents and children with myopia
Authors: Xia Liping , Zhao Hongwei , Wang Yuan
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 0.01% Atropine eye drops on diopter and optic axis in adolescents and children with myopia. A total of 164 children with myopia were randomly divided into two groups, Group A and Group B with 82 patients in each group, according to the digital table method. Group A was treated with 0.01% Atropine eye drops, while Group B was treated with single vision lenses. Before the treatment, there was no significant difference in diopter and axial length between the two groups (P=0.624 and P=0.123). After 12 months of treatment, the diopter and axial length of Group A were lower than those of Group B (P < 0.001 and P = 0.005). There were no obvious adverse reactions during corrective therapy in the two groups.
---Continue
Monkeypox; Another global health emergency looming in the horizon
Authors: Fatima Shakeel Ahmed  , Areeba Mateen  , Ekta Kumari
Published: March 2023

After the uproar caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, non-endemic countries like Pakistan are yet to face the danger of monkeypox, a virus of the Orthopox genus from the Poxviridae family, spread via animal-to-human and human-to-human transmission. Currently, two genetic clades of the virus have been identified within Africa. This disease is self-limiting with an incubation period of 5-21 days and is divided into two phases, with fever and prominent lymphadenopathy dominating the first phase and a skin rash with the propensity for the face and extremities being the main feature of the second phase. The disease has been rendered similar to small pox in presentation, though less contagious. Hence, the smallpox vaccine has proven to be 85% beneficial against monkeypox. With the first human case recorded in Congo in 1970, monkeypox was originally endemic to the African region.1 However, a surge in cases has now been reported in 50 countries in five World Health Organization regions, including non-endemic countries. 2
On 21st July 2022, the WHO declared monkeypox as a Global Health Emergency and issued recommendations to different groups of State Parties, considering their epidemiology and prevalence of disease. State parties with no confirmed cases of monkeypox are advised to strengthen their means to combat the disease. It is also recommended to plan, carry out epidemiological disease surveillance, and corroborate the availability of accurate and affordable diagnostic tests. The necessity for a plan to break stigmas against affected individuals, raise awareness in high-risk groups like transgender people, and encourage voluntary self-reporting and care seeking behaviour was highlighted. The temporary recommendations also elaborated on the need to train health workers from various fields to detect the disease early. Any probable or confirmed case of monkeypox is to be immediately reported to the WHO through established channels.3
Although, there have been no cases reported in Pakistan as of 26th July 2022, the slowly rising incidence in neighboring countries and India being the first to report a case of this region this month puts Pakistan at an immense risk.4 It is safe to assume that the advent of this disease into a resource-poor country may very well beset the country’s frail healthcare system. With the WHO declaring another global healthcare emergency, the need to implement timely and specific healthcare measures by developing states has now become imperative more than ever.3
Upaya Meningkatkan Perilaku Disiplin Anak Usia Dini Melalui Parenting di TK Kuwaisyah
Authors: Suryani Ririn , Julaiha Juli , Pahira Nst Annisa , Simanjuntak Rahmayeni , Humairah Nst Rahma , Saputri Novia , Siregar Rini Lestari , Pasaribu Asriyani , Nuriyati Nuriyati , Andini Yuliana , Shofiah Mir-atun , Fauziah Sindi
Published: March 2023

This research aims to improve the disciplined behavior of children aged 4-5 years through parenting at Kuwaisyah Kindergarten, Delitua Village, Kec. West Delitua, Kab. Deli Serdang, North Sumatra. The subjects in this study were young children 4-5 years old, namely group A in Kuwaisyah Kindergarten, Delitua Village, Kec. West Delitua, Kab. Deli Serdang, North Sumatra. The method used is a qualitative method with the aim of obtaining in-depth information through parenting activities. Informants are parents who have children and who provide care. The informants were divided into two parts, namely, only one parent who worked or both parents of the child worked. Furthermore, in collecting data using observations, interviews, observations, notes, and documentation (photos). The results of this study indicate that parenting activities can be used as an alternative in improving children's discipline.

Keywords:implementation, parenting, disciplined behavior of children aged 4-5 years
Impact of the Industrial Revolution on Family Structure in Nigeria
Authors: Ajabi Todabi
Published: March 2023

Purpose: The study sought to analyze the impacts of industrial revolution on the family structure in Nigeria

Methodology: The study adopted a desktop methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library.

Findings: The results show that there has been a change of family structure since the pre industrialization era and the post industrialization era. The historical process of industrialization changed the ways in which families were structured and interacted. Family bonding are decreasing and divorce rate is increasing rapidly. These shift not only affected the roles of spouses and parents but also those of children. Industrialization changed gender roles and Enlightenment philosophies that inspired new ideals of equality, personal freedom, and individualism.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The modernization theory, Talcott Parsons’ theory and the classic sociological theory may be used to anchor future studies in the sociology sector. The study results will also benefit other stakeholders such as the policy makers as well as researchers and scholars from different parts of the world. The top management of both public and private industries in the country will also use the study findings to improve families and ensure high and stable performance in all their activities and programs. The study recommends that the adoption of effective social protection development policies in the family structure will help to improve efficiency in their major operations and activities.
Impact of Sensationalized Media Coverage and Perception on Current Events in Myanmar
Authors: CHI Win
Published: March 2023

Purpose: The study sought to analyze the impacts of sensationalized media coverage and perception on current events in Myanmar

Methodology: The study adopted a desktop methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library.

Findings: The results show that showed that sensationalist television news tends to be more negatively evaluated than non-sensationalist news. In addition, critical views on arousing content appeared to be particularly visible among young and middle-aged adults. These findings suggest that the rise of sensationalist news could be an explanation of the declining trust in news media that is witnessed in a number of countries

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The media logic theory and the agenda setting theory may be used to anchor future studies in the information sector. The study results will also benefit other stakeholders such as the policy makers as well as researchers and scholars from different parts of the world. The top management of media companies industries in the country will also use the study findings to improve social media coverage performance in all their activities and programs. The study recommends that the adoption of effective social protection development policies in the media will help to improve efficiency in their major operations and activities.
ÍNDICE DE DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL PARA MUNICÍPIOS: UMA ANÁLISE NA REGIÃO CANTUQUIRIGUAÇU -PR / SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT INDEX FOR MUNICIPALITIES: AN ANALYSIS IN THE CANTUQUIRIGUAÇU/PR REGION IN BRAZIL
Authors: Kasper Karen Alice , Stoffel Janete
Published: March 2023

Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar e analisar o nível de desenvolvimento sustentável dos municípios que constituem a Região da Cantuquiriguaçu/PR. Para tal é utilizado o Índice de Desenvolvimento Sustentável para Municípios (IDSM). O indicador é calculado seguindo a metodologia de Martins e Cândido (2008). São efetuados os cálculos do índice para seis dimensões: social, demográfica, econômica, político-institucional, ambiental e cultural. São utilizadas sessenta e sete variáveis distribuídas nestas dimensões. Em cada dimensão os resultados são apresentados de forma individual para os vinte municípios e é calculada a média da região. Neste ínterim nas dimensões demográfica, econômica, político institucional, ambiental e cultural a média do IDSM para a região está no nível alerta. Apenas na dimensão social o índice é aceitável. Em consequência, a região apresenta um índice de sustentabilidade no nível alerta.
 
Abstract: This article aimed to identify and analyze the level of sustainable development of the municipalities comprising the Cantuquiriguaçu/PR Region. The Sustainable Development Index for Municipalities (SDIM) was used for this purpose. The index was calculated following the methodology of Martins and Cândido (2008). The calculations were performed for six dimensions: social, demographic, economic, political-institutional, environmental, and cultural. Sixty-seven variables distributed along these dimensions were used. In each dimension the results were presented individually for the twenty municipalities and the average for the region was calculated. Meanwhile, regarding the demographic, economic, political, institutional, environmental and cultural dimensions, the average SDIM for the region is at the alert level. Only in the social dimension is the index acceptable. Consequently, the region presents a sustainability index at the alert level.
Improvement in the Contraction of the Transversus Abdominis Following Lumbo-Pelvic Manipulation – A Case Study
Authors: Dr. Achalkumar Vashi  , Dr. CK Senthil Kumar  , Prof. R. Balasaravanan
Published: March 2023

As a clinician, everyone undergoes a difficult time in clinical decision-making when attempting to apply a clinical prediction rule for manipulation (Flynn et al., 2002; Childs et al., 2004) to a patient with a history and physical examination consistent with clinical lumbar instability (Hicks et al., 2005). The effect on neural pathways associated with manipulation has been suggested as one possible mechanism that may improve muscle performance (Pickar, 2002) and patient symptoms. Support exists for an association between spinal manipulation and improved muscle function in the quadriceps (Suter et al., 1999), the erector spinae (Keller and Colloca, 2000), and the deep neck flexors (Sterling et al., 2001). Therefore, it is reasonable to hypothesize that spinal manipulation, by a reflexogenic mechanism, may improve the performance of the deep trunk stabilizers. In turn, improved relaxation and contractility of the lumbar multifidus and the transversus abdominis (TrA) theoretically could lead to improved functional stability of the spine through enhancement of the neurological and active subsystems as defined by Panjabi (1992a, b). This single case study describes changes observed in the TrA musculature pre- to post-manipulation in a patient that presented with a clinical paradox (symptoms suggestive of clinical lumbar instability but also meeting the clinical prediction rule to succeed with lumbar manipulation therapy). Real-time ultrasound imaging (USI) was used to describe the changes in the TrA musculature..
Metro hält an Asien fest
Authors: Müller Annette
Published: March 2023

Nach dem Verkauf des Indiengeschäfts plant Metro vorläufig keine weiteren Desinvestments. In den Niederlanden und Kasachstan schreibt der Konzern noch rote Zahlen.
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE LEARNER-CENTERED NEUROPSYCHOPEDAGOGICAL ASSESSMENT FOR PEOPLE WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER (ASD)
Authors: Ruz Freire de Jesus Amanda , Francisco de Jesus Ernane
Published: March 2023

This article proposes to create bases for reflection regarding the neuropsychopedagogical assessment of children and adults who are within the autistic spectrum (ASD). By understanding that Clinical Nepsychopedagogy observes and studies the development of Executive Functions (EF), and seeks to understand with neurobiological bases, how each learner develops, and their challenges, difficulties and potential for full learning, through stimulation and intervention. With this, within this broad spectrum, to outline evaluation strategies, not with the intention of providing a diagnosis (since this should be carried out in detail and often with a multidisciplinary team), but rather to seek to understand areas of interest, skills and difficulties of the learner, so that it is possible to draw up an efficient plan that meets the person who is within the spectrum, for their development. This article was developed through bibliographic research and scientific archives, consultation of books on autism, and the Scientific ElectronicLibrary On Line – SCIELO database.
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE CHAIN OF CUSTODY OF EXPERT EVIDENCE IN DIGITAL AND DIGITIZED PROCESSES IN THE CIVIL SPHERE
Authors: Moura de Abreu Motta Andréia
Published: March 2023

The research will bring an approach to the importance and problem of the non-existence or breaking of the chain of custody of evidence in civil procedure law, especially in digital or digitized expert evidence. It will demonstrate the need to implement and program together with civil procedural procedures an educational culture to demonstrate the need for the existence of the chain of custody of the traces, from the moment that all documentation enters the court secretariat, when it goes to the hands of the auxiliaries of justice – expert and attorney – until its return to the procedural records, to finally reach the judicial appreciation. Such acts are necessary to guarantee the transparency, fairness and integrity of the evidence, granting the broader right of defense regulated by the Federal Constitution. It will present at first a general conceptual approach. For the development of the work, documentary research, articles in the area and other bibliographies within the theme were used. Making sure that there is an enormous weakness in security with digital evidence in the civil procedural context, making the existence of a chain of custody necessary. Finally, it is worth noting the importance of implementing the chain of custody, together with the organizational culture to adapt a new way of functioning for the preservation of digital expert evidence in the civil sphere.
THE HISPATAV TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES FOR SUBTITLING: A NEW PEDAGOGICAL RESOURCE FOR AUDIOVISUAL TRANSLATION STUDENTS
Authors:   Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Zabalbeascoa Patrick , Arias-Badia Blanca
Published: March 2023

Being able to propose a taxonomy of translation techniques has been a long-standing aspiration of translation theorists. By building on previous proposals, this paper presents the HispaTAV typology of translation techniques (ToT), a new list specifically designed for subtitling trainees. The aim of the proposal is to increase students’ awareness of the variety of possible solutions to translate segments of the source text, and to promote creativity, a key factor in the development of translator competence. The proposal has been presented to current translation students, who have provided feedback in terms of its usability for learning purposes. Keywords: translation techniques, subtitling, HispaTAV, audiovisual translation, translator competence
Genotipos de papiloma virus en mujeres de la selva peruana con inspección visual con ácido acético positivo
Authors: Florian-Cáceres Anita , Iglesias-Osores Sebastián , Marino-Panduro Leila , Becerra- Atoche Giancarlo , Rafael-Heredia Arturo
Published: March 2023

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the distribution of papillomavirus types in women with a confirmatory diagnosis with visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA). Methods: Women with positive cytology for intraepithelial lesion were included. Papillomavirus genotypes were analyzed using the Xpert® HPV system (GXHPV-CE-10) in conjunction with pathological cytology analysis of cervical tissue samples. Results: A prevalence of human papillomavirus infection of 61% was found, there was a correlation in age and the viral types detected with the P5 color channel (human papillomavirus 39, 56, 66, 68), age of the first sexual intercourse and human papillomavirus 18, number of pregnancies with P3 (human papillomavirus 31, 33, 35, 52, 58) and P5. The history of having a sexually transmitted infection was correlated with papillomavirus 18, P3, and P4 papillomavirus 51 and 59). In coinfection, a correlation was found between papillomavirus 16 genotypes with P3 (R: - 0.11), P4 (R: 0.22), and P5 (R: -0.14), with having had previous treatment (R: - 0.14). Papillomavirus 18 correlated with: P3 (R: 0.28). Conclusions: High-risk human papillomavirus typess 16, 18, and P3 were the most predominant in established cytological grades and among coinfected women.
Impacto y consecuencias de la violencia ginecológica en la vida de las mujeres
Authors:   Universidad de Talca, Cárdenas Castro Manuel , Salinero Rates Stella
Published: March 2023

Objective: The objective was to analyze a set of results on gynecological violence and relate them to their impact on the perception of the body, sexuality, self-image and self-esteem. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out. 812 stories of women from different regions of Chile were analyzed. Results: Three kinds of consequences of violence were detected: adoption of protection and shelter measures, impact on the experience of themselves and their bodies, and physical and emotional consequences of violence in their lives. Additionally, some experiences of autonomy recovery in gynecological health care are presented. Conclusion: Gynecological violence is part of the common experience of women and can constitute a serious public health problem and become a barrier to women’s access to health services.
Prevalencia de anticoncepción en mujeres en edad fértil de Sabaneta, Antioquia
Authors:   Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud de la Fundación Universitaria San Martín, sede Sabaneta., Salazar Flórez Jorge Emilio , Echeverri Rendón Ángela Patricia
Published: March 2023

Objective: To determine the prevalence of contraception among fertile women in the municipality of Sabaneta and its possible associated factors. Methods: we performed a cross-sectional study on women of the municipality of Sabaneta, a stratified sampling was carried out by zone and age group, then a systematic sampling; 354 women were included. Data were collected through a survey. OR with its CI (95%) and Chi-squared test (X2) were used for data analysis with a significant p value <0.05. Results: the prevalence of contraception was 62%. Female sterilization was the most frequently used method (35.6%). Conclusion: the use of contraceptive methods among women in Sabaneta is lower than the national average and may be affected by age, marital status, educational level.
Embarazo ectópico cornual. A propósito de un caso
Authors:   Instituto Autónomo Hospital Universitario de Los Andes - Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida – Venezuela, Seco Maryem , Monsalve Nazira , Contreras Jessy
Published: March 2023

Ectopic pregnancy is defined as a pregnancy that occurs outside the uterine cavity, the most common location being in the ampullary region of the uterine tube. In the literature, the terms interstitial pregnancy and cornual pregnancy are often used synonymously, they represent between 1.1% and 6.3% of ectopic pregnancies in general and correspond to only 2.2% of tubal ectopic pregnancies; its etiology is multifactorial. In gestations greater than 12 weeks, uterine rupture occurs in 20-35% of cases, generating massive hemoperitoneum that could quickly lead to hypovolemic shock, maternal death or permanent sequelae of infertility. For this reason, treatment options will depend on the time of diagnosis and the hemodynamic stability of the patient.
Hidatidosis pélvica primaria
Authors:   Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología. Hospital Central “Dr. Urquinaona”., Reyna-Villasmil Eduardo , Torres-Cepeda Duly , Rondon-Tapia Martha
Published: March 2023

Hydatidosis is an anthropozoonosis caused by the larva of Echinococcus granulosus. The most affected organ is liver, followed by lungs, kidneys and osteo-muscular system. Generally, it has low progression and tend to be asymptomatic. The non-specific symptomatology makes diagnosis difficult and leads to unnecessary diagnostic procedures. Hydatid cysts of the female pelvic organs may initially be mistaken for ovarian cystic tumors or pelvic infections. This entity should be considered as a differential diagnosis of any pelvic cystic lesion in patients in endemic areas. Surgery is the standard of treatment and exploration of the abdominal cavity is essential in the search for cysts in other locations. Anthelmintic drugs may help decrease recurrence. A case of primary pelvic hydatidosis is presented.
MÔ TẢ SỰ HÀI LÒNG CỦA NGƯỜI THÂN CÓ TRẺ TỪ 4-8 TUỔI ĐƯỢC ĐIỀU TRỊ PHỤC HỒI THÂN RĂNG HÀM SỮA BẰNG CHỤP THÉP TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC Y KHOA VINH NĂM 2022
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Hoa , Nguyễn Thị Cẩm Tú
Published: March 2023

Trẻ em có số lần thay thế lại những miếng trám Amalgam lớn hoặc nhiều mặt là 2-4 lần trong năm và rất khó khăn phục hồi lại hình thể thân răng phù hợp với các vật liệu này. Đặc biệt là các răng đã điều trị tủy thì thường bị gãy vỡ sau đó mất sớm để lại nhiều hậu quả nghiêm trọng. Để giải quyết các vấn đề này, chụp thép đúc sẵn đã được sử dụng trong nha khoa phục hồi răng trẻ em. Nghiên cứu  nhằm mục tiêu mô tả sự hài lòng của người thân có trẻ từ 4-8 tuổi được điều trị phục hồi thân răng hàm sữa bằng chụp thép tại bệnh viện Trường Đại học y khoa Vinh năm 2022. Nghiên cứu triển khai trên 13 người thân có bệnh nhân được chỉ định điều trị chụp thép. Kết quả cho thấy tỷ lệ hài lòng chung về sự thuận tiện 76,9%, chất lượng 84,6%, kiểm soát đau cho trẻ 92,3%, chi phí điều trị là 84,6%.
ỨNG DỤNG KỸ THUẬT SIÊU ÂM DOPPLER BẰNG MÁY USCOM ĐỂ THEO DÕI VÀ ĐIỀU CHỈNH HUYẾT ĐỘNG Ở BỆNH NHÂN NHIỄM KHUẨN NẶNG VÀ SỐC NHIỄM KHUẨN TẠI BỆNH VIỆN HỮU NGHỊ ĐA KHOA NGHỆ AN
Authors: Nguyễn Đức Phúc , Lê Anh Tuấn
Published: March 2023

Mục tiêu: Ứng dụng kỹ thuật siêu âm Doppler bằng máy USCOM để theo dõi và điều chỉnh huyết động ở bệnh nhân nhiễm khuẩn nặng và sốc nhiễm khuẩn. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu tiến cứu mô tả can thiệp 43 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán nhiễm khuẩn nặng và sốc nhiễm khuẩn. Kết luận: Độ biến thiên thể tích nhát bóp SVV có vai trò đánh giá theo dõi và hướng dẫn bù dịch, sức cản mạch hệ thống SVRI có vai trò trong đánh giá theo dõi và hướng dẫn sủ dụng thuốc co mạch,  sức co bóp cơ tim INO có vai trò trong đánh giá theo dõi và hướng dẫn sử dụng thuốc tăng co bóp cơ tim.
NGHIÊN CỨU MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ TIÊN LƯỢNG TRONG ĐIỀU TRỊ PHẪU THUẬT MỞ SỌ GIẢI ÉP NHỒI MÁU NÃO DIỆN RỘNG DO TẮC ĐỘNG MẠCH NÃO GIỮA
Authors: Nguyễn Thành Bắc , Phạm Ngọc Hào , Trần Mạnh Cường , Hoàng Mạnh Linh
Published: March 2023

Mục tiêu: Nghiên cứu một số yếu tố tiên lượng kết quả của phẫu thuật mở sọ giải ép (MSGE) ở bệnh nhân nhồi máu não diện rộng do tắc động mạch não giữa. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Gồm 33 bệnh nhân nhồi máu não diện rộng do tắc động mạch não giữa đã trải qua phẫu thuật mở sọ giải ép tại Khoa Phẫu thuật Thần kinh - Bệnh viện Quân y 103 từ tháng 1 năm 2017 đến tháng 9 năm 2022. Các phân tích đơn biến và đa biến được thực hiện cho các biến số lâm sàng và hình ảnh cắt lớp vi tính (CLVT) sọ não liên quan đến kết quả chức năng theo Thang điểm Rankin cải tiến (mRS). Kết quả lâm sàng được đánh giá sau 90 ngày. Kết quả: Điểm mRS trung bình tại thời điểm 90 ngày sau phẫu thuật mở sọ giải ép là 4. Kết quả chức năng tốt được quan sát thấy ở 33,3% bệnh nhân tại ngày thứ 90. Tỷ lệ tử vong sau 90 ngày là 24,2%. Phân tích đơn biến xác định khả năng dẫn đến kết quả chức năng kém (điểm mRS từ 4–6) ở những bệnh nhân có tiền sử đột quỵ não cũ (OR 2,2 [95% KTC 1,09–10,66]; p = 0,037), tiền sử tăng huyết áp (OR 12,0 [KTC 95% 1,99–72,35]; p = 0,030), di lệch đường giữa (DLĐG) > 10 mm (OR 12,0 [ KTC 95% 2,16– 66,54]; p = 0,002). Phân tích đa biến cho thấy tỷ lệ cao của kết quả chức năng kém liên quan đến tiền sử đột quỵ não cũ (OR 5,56 [KTC 95% 2,23-10,32]; p = 0,026, MLS > 10mm (OR 6,74[KTC 95% 1,21-12,33]; p = 0,038), giãn đồng tử (OR 11,88 [KTC 95% 1,65-30,78] p = 0,017). Kết luận: Tiền sử đột quỵ, tăng huyết áp, đái tháo đường, di lệch đường giữa > 10 mm và giãn đồng tử trước khi phẫu thuật có liên quan đến kết quả chức năng kém.
Variable effects of spatial resolution on modeling of nitrogen oxides
Authors: Li Chi , Martin Randall V. , Cohen Ronald C. , Bindle Liam , Zhang Dandan , Chatterjee Deepangsu , Weng Hongjian , Lin Jintai
Published: March 2023

Abstract. The lifetime and concentration of nitrogen oxides (NOx) are susceptible to nonlinear production and loss and to the resolution of a chemical transport model (CTM). This is due to the strong spatial gradients of NOx and the dependence of its own chemical loss on such gradients. In this study, we use the GEOS-Chem CTM in its high-performance implementation (GCHP) to investigate NOx simulations over the eastern United States across a wide range of spatial model resolutions (six different horizontal grids from 13 to 181 km). Following increasing grid size, afternoon surface NOx mixing ratios over July 2015 generally decrease over the Great Lakes region (GL) and increase over the southern states of the US region (SS), yielding regional differences (181 km vs. 13 km) of −16 % (in the GL) to 7 % (in the SS); meanwhile, hydrogen oxide radicals (HOx) increase over both regions, consistent with their different chemical regimes (i.e., NOx-saturated in the GL and NOx-limited in the SS). Nighttime titration of ozone by surface nitric oxide (NO) was found to be more efficient at coarser resolutions, leading to longer NOx lifetimes and higher surface mixing ratios of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) over the GL in January 2015. The tropospheric NO2 column density at typical afternoon satellite overpass time has spatially more coherent negative biases (e.g., −8 % over the GL) at coarser resolutions in July, which reversed the positive biases of surface NOx over the SS. The reduced NOx aloft (>1 km altitude) at coarser resolutions was attributable to the enhanced HOx that intrudes into the upper troposphere. Application of coarse-resolution simulations for interpreting satellite NO2 columns will generally underestimate surface NO2 over the GL and overestimate surface NO2 over the SS in summer, but it will uniformly overestimate NOx emissions over both regions. This study significantly broadens understanding of factors contributing to NOx resolution effects and the role of fine-resolution data in accurately simulating and interpreting NOx and its relevance to air quality.
Influence of ozone and humidity on PTR-MS and GC-MS VOC measurements with and without a Na2S2O3 ozone scrubber
Authors: Ernle Lisa , Ringsdorf Monika Akima , Williams Jonathan
Published: March 2023

Abstract. The measurement of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can be influenced by ozone (O3), resulting in sampling artefacts that corrupt the data obtained. Published literature reports both positive (false enhancements of signal) and negative (loss of signal) interference in VOC data due to ozonolysis occurring in the sample gas. To assure good data quality it is essential to be aware of such interfering processes, to characterize them and to try to minimize the impact with a suitable sampling setup. Here we present results from experiments with a sodium thiosulfate ozone scrubber (Na2S2O3), which is a cost-effective and easily applied option for O3 scavenging during gas-phase sampling. Simultaneous measurement of selected organic trace gases using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and proton transfer reaction–mass spectrometry was performed at different ozone levels (0–1 ppm) and different relative humidities (0 %–80 %). In this way both tropospheric and stratospheric conditions were examined. The measured data show that several carbonyl compounds including acetaldehyde, acetone and propanal show artificial signal enhancement when ozone is present at higher concentrations (> 150 ppb) in dry air, while analytes with double bonds like isoprene (measured with GC-MS) and terpenes show lower signals due to reaction with ozone. Both effects can be eliminated or in the case of sesquiterpenes substantially reduced by using Na2S2O3 impregnated quartz filters in the inlet line. With the chosen scrubbing material, relative humidity (RH) substantially improves the scrubbing efficiency. Under surface conditions between 50 %–80 % RH, the filter allows for accurate measurement of all species examined.
Mid-Holocene Climate Record in Santovka Travertine (Slovakia) and regional Biases of Climate Shifts 8.2 and 7.4 ka BP
Authors: Petřík Jan , Adameková Katarína , Kele Sándor , Milovský Rastislav , Petr Libor , Tóth Peter , McKay Nicholas
Published: March 2023

Abstract. The study of freshwater carbonates, such as travertines and speleothems, provides valuable insights into the regional biases of mid-Holocene climate development in Central-Eastern (CE) and South-Eastern (SE) Europe. The formation of a lake in the travertine deposition system of the Santovka site, located at the transition of the Western Carpathians and the Pannonian Basin, has led to the preservation of a valuable record. We analyzed the litho- and microstratigraphy, chemical composition, including δ18O and δ13C stable isotopes, and geochronology of the Santovka-village section. We then compared these palaeoclimatic records with reference records from Central-Eastern and South-Eastern Europe in terms of significant climate shifts. The prevalent part of the section studied, which spans between 8200 and 6400 cal BP, is represented by fluvial/fluvio-lacustrine sediments and lake marl. The 8.2 ka BP event was only detected in the δ13C record from the nearby Santovka-PB section. However, we found an abrupt change in both isotopic records around 7400–7200 cal BP, which is likely connected to increased detrital input and some minor palaeoecological changes in the Santovka-village section. These changes are most likely associated with the drying of the lake. The 8.2 event in Central-Eastern (CE) and South-Eastern (SE) Europe is well reflected in the δ13C records, while the change in δ18O was insignificant. In contrast, the newly suggested climate shift around 7400–7000 ka BP was detected at most sites in both δ18O and δ13C records. This development could be connected to a change in air mass circulation, synchronous with declining solar irradiance and increased evidence of drift ice in the North Atlantic.
Mixing state and effective density of aerosol particles during the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games
Authors: Du Aodong , Sun Jiaxing , Liu Hang , Xu Weiqi , Zhou Wei , Zhang Yuting , Li Lei , Du Xubing , Li Yan , Pan Xiaole , Wang Zifa , Sun Yele
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Mixing state and density are two key parameters of aerosol particles affecting their impacts on radiative forcing and human health. Here a single particle aerosol mass spectrometer in tandem with a differential mobility analyzer and an aerodynamic aerosol classifier was deployed during the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games (OWG) to investigate the impacts of emission controls on particle mixing state and density. Nearly 760,000 particles were detected, which were classified into seven major classes. Our results showed the dominance of carbonaceous particles comprising mainly Total-EC (13.4 %), Total-OC (10.5 %) and Total-ECOC (47.1 %). Particularly, the particles containing organic carbon and sulfate were enhanced significantly during OWG although those from primary emissions decreased. The composition of carbonaceous particles also changed significantly which was characterized by the decreases in EC-NS, KEC-N, and amine-containing particles, and increase in ECOC-NS. This result indicates that emission controls during OWG reduced the mixing of elemental carbon (EC) with inorganic aerosol species and amines, yet increased the mixing of EC with organic aerosol. The average effective density (ρeff) of aerosol particles (150–300 nm) was 1.20 g cm−3 with higher values during OWG (1.26 g cm−3) due to the increase in secondary particle contribution. The two types of fresh particles, i.e., Total-EC and high molecular weight organic matter presented the lowest ρeff (0.97 g cm−3 and 0.87 g cm−3, respectively). In addition, the ρeff of most particles increased as the increases in pollution levels and relative humidity, yet varied differently for different types of particles, highlighting the impacts of aging and formation processes on the changes of particle density and mixing state.
Aeolus wind lidar observations of the 2019/2020 Quasi-Biennial Oscillation disruption with comparison to radiosondes and reanalysis
Authors: Banyard Timothy P. , Wright Corwin J. , Osprey Scott M. , Hindley Neil P. , Halloran Gemma , Coy Lawrence , Newman Paul A. , Butchart Neal
Published: March 2023

Abstract. The quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) was unexpectedly disrupted for only the second time in the historical record during the 2019/20 boreal winter. As the dominant mode of atmospheric variability in the tropical stratosphere, and a significant source of seasonal predictability globally, understanding the drivers behind this unusual behaviour is very important. Here, novel data from Aeolus, the first Doppler wind lidar in space, is used to observe the 2019/20 QBO disruption. Aeolus is the first satellite able to observe winds at high resolution on a global scale, and is therefore a uniquely capable platform for studying the evolution of the disruption and the broader circulation changes triggered by it. This study therefore contains the first direct wind observations of the QBO from space, and exploits measurements from a special Aeolus scanning mode, implemented to observe this disruption as it happened. Aeolus observes easterly winds of up to 20 ms−1 in the core of the disruption jet during July 2020. By co-locating with radiosonde measurements from Singapore and ERA5 reanalysis, like-for-like comparisons of the observed wind structures in the tropical stratosphere are produced, showing equatorial Kelvin wave activity and key parts of the Walker Circulation during the disruption period. The onset of the disruption easterly jet occurs 5 days earlier in Aeolus observations compared with the reanalysis. This analysis highlights how Aeolus and future Doppler wind lidar satellites can deepen our understanding of the QBO, its disruptions, and the tropical upper-troposphere lower-stratosphere region more generally.
Regional modeling of internal tide dynamics around New Caledonia: energetics and sea surface height signature
Authors: Bendinger Arne , Cravatte Sophie , Gourdeau Lionel , Brodeau Laurent , Albert Aurélie , Tchilibou Michel , Lyard Florent , Vic Clément
Published: March 2023

Abstract. The Southwestern Tropical Pacific exhibits a complex bathymetry and represents a hot spot of internal tide generation. Based on a tailored high-resolution regional model, we investigate for the first time the internal tide field around the New Caledonia islands through energy budgets that quantify the internal tide generation, propagation, and dissipation. A total of 15.97 GW is converted from the barotropic to the baroclinic tide with the main conversion sites associated with the most prominent bathymetric structures such as continental slopes and narrow passages in the north (2.17 GW) and ridges and seamounts south of New Caledonia (3.92 GW). The bulk of baroclinic energy is generated in shallow waters around 500 m depth and on critical to supercritical slopes highlighting the limitations of linear semi-analytical models in those areas. Despite the strongly dominant mode-1 generation, more than 50 % of the locally generated energy dissipates in the near-field close to the generation sites. The remaining energy propagates within well-defined tidal beams with baroclinic energy fluxes of up to 30 kW m−1 toward the open ocean, strongly dominated by mode-1. The energetic mesoscale eddy activity in the region appears to be the main source of tidal incoherence. Locally, mesoscale eddy-driven stratification changes induce variations of the conversion term. In the far-field, incoherence of the energy flux arises through the interaction of the tidal beam with the eddying background flow. The New Caledonia site represents a challenge for SWOT (Surface Water Ocean Topography) observability of meso- and submesoscale dynamics in the presence of internal tides with sea surface height signatures > 6 cm. We show that a correction of the coherent baroclinic tide may improve the observability range by shifting the transition scale between balanced and unbalanced flow in winter from 180 km to 50–80 km. In contrast, in summer observability increases only marginally due to the seasonally amplified signature of the incoherent tide at scales below 100 km.
Carbon budget Concept, its Deviation and the Equation: Climate Economics Perspective
Authors: Avakumović Vito
Published: March 2023

Abstract. The carbon budget concept is based on discoveries made at the end of the 2000s, claiming that global mean temperature (GMT) increase is roughly linearly dependent on cumulative emissions, with a proportionality metric named transient climate response to cumulative carbon emissions (TCRE). Since its emergence in natural science, the carbon budget concept has gained prominence as a tool for policymakers and climate economists alike. However, its usage in economic assessments has been critiqued due to its inability to capture time-delay effects and TCRE changing with climatic conditions. In this paper, we define the "perfect budget'' equation as a purely linear relationship between GMT and cumulative emissions. Hereby, we distinguish two sources of deviations from the perfect carbon budget: emission scenario and climate state dependence. The former stems from the scenario choice under the fixed cumulative emissions, the latter from the change in TCRE with increased cumulative emissions. Introducing Green's function formalism in the context of the temperature response to an emission pulse (pulse response), we provide reasoning behind time delay and possible scenario-dependent deviations and connect Green's formalism with the carbon budget equation. Using an optimization program, we show that extreme scenario-dependent deviations are relatively small compared to the overall GMT increase and even smaller when there are no more emissions after the year of optimization. We explain the behaviour of scenario-dependent deviations by the shape of the pulse response. Additionally, we show that the pulse response changes with climatic conditions, through which we further explain carbon budget state dependency. Finally, we derive a generalized analytical carbon budget equation, which captures the state-dependent change of TCRE through a weak exponential GMT increase dependency on cumulative emissions. The analysis is done in FAIRv2.0.0, a simple climate model that includes climate feedback modifying the carbon cycle.
An evaluation of long-term physical and hydrochemical measurements at the Sylt Roads Marine Observatory (1973–2019), Wadden Sea, North Sea
Authors: Rick Johannes J. , Scharfe Mirco , Romanova Tatyana , van Beusekom Justus E. E. , Asmus Ragnhild , Asmus Harald , Mielck Finn , Kamp Anja , Sieger Rainer , Wiltshire Karen H.
Published: March 2023

Abstract. The Sylt Roads pelagic time series covers physical and hydrochemical parameters at five neighboring stations in the Sylt–Rømø bight, Wadden Sea, North Sea. Since the beginning of the time series in 1973, sea surface temperature (SST), salinity, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) have been measured twice a week. The other parameters were introduced later (dissolved silicate (Si) since 1974, pH since 1979, dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) since 1996, dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) since 2001, chlorophyll a since 1979, and suspended particulate matter (SPM) since 1975), and in the case of dissolved oxygen, were already discontinued (1979–1983). In the years 1977, 1978, and 1983, no sampling took place. Since the start of the continuous sampling in 1984, the sea surface temperature in the bight has risen by +1.11 ∘C, with the highest increases during the autumn months, while the pH and salinity decreased by 0.23 and 0.33 units, respectively. Summer and autumn salinities are generally significantly elevated compared to spring and winter conditions. Dissolved nutrients (ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, and SRP) have displayed periods of intense eutrophication (1973–1998) and de-eutrophication since 1999. Silicate has shown significantly higher winter levels since 1999. Interestingly, phytoplankton parameters did not mirror these large changes in nutrient concentrations, as a seasonal comparison of the two eutrophication periods showed no significant differences with regard to chlorophyll a. This phenomenon might be triggered by an important switch in nutrient limitation during the time series. With regard to nutrients, the phytoplankton was probably primarily limited by silicate until 1998, while, since 1999, the SRP limitation has become increasingly important. All data are available in Rick et al. (2017b–e, 2020a–o) from https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.150032, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.873549, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.873545, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.873547, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.918018, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.918032, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.918027, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.918023, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.918033, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.918028, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.918024, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.918034, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.918029, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.918025, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.918035, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.918030, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.918026, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.918036, and https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.918031.