bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital Twin of Microgrid for Predictive Power Control to Building
Authors: Jiang Hao , Tjandra Rudy , Soh Chew Beng , Cao Shuyu , Soh Donny Cheng Lock , Tan Kuan Tak , Tseng King Jet , Krishnan Sivaneasan B.
Published: December 2023

The increased focus on sustainability in response to climate changes has given rise to many new initiatives to meet the rise in building load demand. The concept of distributed energy resources (DER) and optimal control of supply to meet power demands in buildings have resulted in growing interest to adopt microgrids for a precinct or a university campus. In this paper, a model for an actual physical microgrid has been constructed in OPAL-RT for real-time simulation studies. The load demands for SIT@NYP campus and its weather data are collected to serve as input to run on the digital twin model of DERs of the microgrid. The dynamic response of the microgrid model in response to fluctuations in power generation due to intermittent solar PV generation and load demands are examined via real-time simulation studies and compared with the response of the physical assets. It is observed that the simulation results match closely to the performance of the actual physical asset. As such, the developed microgrid model offers plug-and-play capability which will allow power providers to better plan for on-site deployment of renewable energy sources and energy storage to match the expected building energy demand.
Improving Prenatal Diagnosis Precision for Congenital Clubfoot by Using Three-Dimensional Ultrasonography
Authors: Kim Yoo-min , Seong Ji Su , Kim Ji Hoi , Lee Na Mi , Choi In Ho , Cho Yejin , Nam Gina , Kim Gwang Jun
Published: December 2023

Prenatal diagnosis of clubfoot traditionally relied on two-dimensional ultrasonography. To enhance diagnosis and predict postnatal outcomes, we examined the parameters that differentiate pathological clubfoot using three-dimensional ultrasonography. In our retrospective study, we examined the findings of prenatal ultrasound and the postnatal outcomes of pregnancies with suspected congenital clubfoot between 2018 and 2021. Based on the three-dimensional perspective, we measured the angles of varus, equinus, calcaneopedal block and forefoot adduction and compared the sonographic variables between the postnatal treated and non-treated groups. We evaluated 31 pregnancies (47 feet) with suspected clubfoot using three-dimensional ultrasonography. After delivery, a total of 37 feet (78.7%) underwent treatment involving serial casting only or additional Achilles tenotomy. The treated group showed significantly greater hindfoot varus deviation (60.5° vs. 46.6°, p=0.026) and calcaneopedal block deviation (65.6° vs. 26.6°, p <0.05) compared to the non-treated group. The calcaneopedal block had an area under the curve of 0.98 with a diagnostic threshold of 46.2 degrees (sensitivity of 97%, specificity of 90%, positive predictive value of 97%, and negative predictive value of 90%). During prenatal evaluation of clubfoot using three-dimensional ultrasonography, the calcaneopedal block deviation has the potential to predict postnatal treatment.
A Case of Severe Acute Renal Failure Due to Oxalate Crystal Deposition Induced Severe Interstitial Nephritis: A Case Report and Literature Review.
Authors: Errabelli Praveen , Lathiya Maulik , Roy Sasmit , Mareedu Neeharik
Published: December 2023

This case report describes a 71-year-old female with multiple comorbidities who presented with symptoms suggestive of stroke and was subsequently found to have severe acute kidney injury (AKI) due to acute interstitial nephritis (AIN). The patient has normal kidney function at baseline. She has been on hydrochlorothiazide and metoprolol succinate for hypertension for several years. Due to severe acute kidney injury, a kidney biopsy was performed, revealing severe Acute Interstitial Nephritis secondary and multiple intratubular oxalate crystals. The patient's renal function improved after withdrawing HCTZ, volume repletion and initiating prolonged prednisone taper. We attempt to provide some insights through our paper into the mechanism of acute renal failure from crystal nephropathy and its management.
Enhancing Forest Sustainability: A Comprehensive Exploration of Thinning Practices and their Effects on Soil Chemical and Biochemical Properties
Authors: Muscolo Adele , Oliva Mariateresa , Mallamaci Carmelo , Canino. Francesco
Published: December 2023

The adoption of sustainable forest management practices emerged as a contemporary imperative for forest biodiversity preservation, functional integrity, and mitigation of climate change. Within the spectrum of these practices, thinning is recognized as an environmentally sustainable strategy. The primary objective of thinning is the equitable redistribution of aboveground growth, diverting resources from younger trees to promote the accelerated development of more valuable specimens compared to unthinned forests. Thinning, while fostering aboveground changes, induces substantial alterations in soil chemical and biochemical properties. This review addresses the often-debated consequences of thinning on soil characteristics, focusing on the intricate interplay involving different thinning intensities and their impact on soil chemical and biochemical parameters. Specifically, the analysis delves into the modulation of organic carbon levels, microbial biomass, and enzymes crucial to the organic matter cycle. Two key aspects are scrutinized: firstly, the influence of thinning intensity and the temporal dimension post-thinning on soil properties; secondly, the comparative impact of thinning intensity versus the time elapsed from the thinning event on soil properties and associated biological processes. The findings underscore pivotal insights: a) temporal dynamics significantly affect soil organic matter across broadleaved (excluding beech), coniferous, and mixed forests, manifesting as early as 2-7 years post-thinning; b) thinning intensity, up to a threshold of 50%, enhances soil quality by augmenting organic carbon content, bolstering microbial communities, and amplifying associated enzyme activities. This review consolidates valuable information for forest managers, providing guidance to optimize natural processes in tandem with achieving specific management objectives. By illuminating the nuanced interactions between thinning practices and soil dynamics, this knowledge equips stakeholders to make informed decisions in the pursuit of sustainable forest management and ecological resilience.
Selection of Optimal Profile Shift Coefficients in Terms of Bending Stress for Spur Gears
Authors: Tomori Zoltan
Published: December 2023

The various methods used to choose the profile shift coefficients, primarily the so-called equalizations, were based on assumed advantages without physical evidence proving them. In this paper a new calculation method is presented for determining profile shift coefficient. The procedure gives the pair of values ​​of the profile shift coefficients, in which case, under the given load, the resulting bending stress will be of the lowest possible value.
Appraisal of Daily Temperature and Rainfall Events in the Context of Global Warming in South Australia
Authors: Ferrelli Federico , Pontrlli Albisetti Melisa , Brendel Andrea Soledad , Casoni Andrés Iván , Hesp Patrick Alan
Published: December 2023

In recent decades, there have been significant problems worldwide related to global warming and the intensification of extreme temperature and rainfall events. This research evaluated daily temperature and rainfall indices trends to identify whether warming signals have occurred in South Australia over the past fifty years. Extreme cold, hot, and rainfall events were calculated using climatic data from 37 weather stations. A Mann-Kendall test was used for trend analysis with Sen's estimator. As a result, we determined that for the 1970-2021 period, the maximum and minimum temperatures increased by 1.1 and 0.7 °C, respectively, while precipitation had a negative trend (-52.2 mm/period). Since statistical significance was found in analysing extreme cold and hot events, we find that warming signals have several impacts on South Australia. In the case of rainfall events, we identified a heterogeneous pattern characterised by a reduction in the annual amount, and an increase in extreme rainfall events. The findings enable us to conclude that the area shows signs of global warming that could affect the intensity and magnitude of droughts. This information is essential for continuing with current management strategies to adapt and mitigate the effects of global warming in South Australia.
Follicular Fluid Proteomic Analysis of Women Undergoing Assisted Reproduction Suggests Apolipoprotein A1 to Be a Potential Fertility Marker
Authors: Kurdi Csilla , Schmidt János , Horváth-Szalai Zoltán , Mauchart Péter , Gödöny Krisztina , Várnagy Ákos , Kovács Gábor L , Kőszegi Tamás
Published: December 2023

Infertility affects millions worldwide, posing a significant global health challenge. The proteomic analysis of follicular fluid provides a comprehensive view of the complex molecular landscape within ovarian follicles, offering valuable information on the factors influencing oocyte development and on the overall reproductive health. The follicular fluid is derived from the plasma and contains various proteins that can have different roles in oocyte health and infertility and this fluid is a critical microenvironment for the developing oocytes as well. Using HPLC/MS method we investigated the protein composition of the follicular fluid and after classification we did relative quantification of the identified proteins in the pregnant (P) and non-pregnant (NP) groups. Based on the protein-protein interaction analysis ALB and ApoA1 was found to be hub proteins and the quantitative comparison of the P and NP groups resulted significantly lower concentration of ApoA1 and HDL-cholesterol in the P group. As both molecules are involved in the cholesterol transport, we also investigated their role in the development of oocytes and in the prediction of fertility.
Supercapatteries as Hybrid Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices: Current Status and Future Prospects
Authors: Rudra Subarna , Seo Hyun Woo , Sarker Subrata , Kim Dong Min
Published: December 2023

Among the electrochemical energy storage (EES) technologies, rechargeable batteries (RBs) and supercapacitors (SCs) are the two most desired candidates for powering a range of electrical and electronic devices. The RB operates on Faradaic processes, whereas the underlying mechanisms of the SC vary as non-Faradaic in the electrical double layer capacitors (EDLCs), Faradaic at the surface of the electrodes in the pseudo capacitors (PCs), and a combination of both non-Faradaic and Faradaic in the hybrid capacitors. The EDLCs offer high power density but low energy density. The hybrid capacitors take advantage of the Faradaic process without compromising their capacitive nature. Unlike batteries, supercapacitors provide high power density and numerous charge-discharge cycles; however, their energy density lags that of batteries. Here, we review recently published critically selected articles on supercapatteries, a generic term that refers to EES devices that can combine the merits of EDLCs and RBs. Also discussed are the properties, design strategies, and future perspectives of supercapatteries.
Use of Optical Coherence Tomography and Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in the Diagnosis and Follow-Up of Endogenous Candida Endophthalmitis: a Case Report.
Authors: Kubicka-Trząska Agnieszka , Bugara Dawid , Żuber-Łaskawiec Katarzyna , Pociej-Marciak Weronika , Markiewicz Anna , Romanowska-Dixon Bożena , Karska-Basta Izabella
Published: December 2023

Background: Endogenous Candida endophthalmitis (ECE) is a rare but sight-threatening disease. Patients with ECE present with various clinical signs and symptoms, which can complicate the diagnosis. The aim of this report was to describe the characteristic features of ECE on optical co-herence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA). Another objective was to demon-strate the outcomes of treatment and to diagnose macular complications caused by intraocular inflammation. Case presentation: A 41-year-old woman with a history of acute intermittent por-phyria presented with a progressive vision loss in her left eye. Left-eye OCT revealed findings consistent with a fungal etiology, which was confirmed by the culture of swabs collected from a central vein catheter. The outcomes of intravenous fluconazole treatment were not satisfactory, and the patient developed recurrent attacks of porphyria, suggesting a porphyrogenic effect of systemic antifungal therapy. Repeated intravitreal injections with amphotericin B led to a gradu-al regression of inflammatory lesions. However, follow-up examinations revealed active macular neovascularization on both OCT and OCTA. The patient was administered intravitreal bevaci-zumab. Conclusions: This case highlights the importance of OCT and OCTA as valuable noninva-sive imaging techniques for the identification of ECE, the monitoring of its clinical course, and the diagnosis of macular complications.
Deciphering the Mechanism by Which Carbon Dioxide Extends the Shelf Life of Raw Milk: A Microbiomics- and Metabolomics-Based Approach
Authors: Zheng An-Ran , Wei Chao-Kun , Liu Jun , Bu Ning-Xia , Liu Dun-Hua
Published: December 2023

Microbial community succession in raw milk determines its quality and storage period. In this study, carbon dioxide (CO2) at 2000 ppm was used to treat raw milk to investigate the mechanism of extending the shelf life of raw milk by CO2 treatment from the viewpoint of microbial colonies and metabolites. The results showed that the shelf life of CO2-treated raw milk was extended to 16 days at 4 ℃, while that of the control raw milk was only 6 days. Microbiomics analysis identified 221 Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) in raw milk, and the alpha diversity of microbial communities increased (P < 0.05) with the extension of storage time. Among them, Pseudomonas, Actinobacteria and Serratia were the major microbial genus responsible for the deterioration of raw milk, with a percentage of 85.7%. A combined metagenomics and metabolomics analysis revealed that microorganisms altered the levels of metabolites, such as pyruvic acid, glutamic acid, 5'- cmp, arginine, 2-propenoic acid, and phenylalanine in the raw milk through metabolic activities, such as ABC transporters, pyrimidine metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism and phenylalanine metabolism, and reduced the shelf life of the raw milk. CO2 treatment prolonged the shelf life of the raw milk by inhibiting the abundance of Gram-negative aerobic bacteria, such as Acinetobacter guillouiae, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Serratia liquefaciens and Pseudomonas simiae.
Mechanisms of Programmed Cell Death: Structural and Functional Proteomic-Pathways. A Narrative Review.
Authors: Fernández-Lázaro Diego , Sanz Begoña , Seco-Calvo Jesús
Published: December 2023

Apoptosis, necroptosis, and autophagy are cellular mechanisms by which cells are programmed to die under a wide range of physiological and developmental stimuli. A multitude of protein mediators of programmed cell death have been identified and apoptosis, necroptosis, and autophagy signals have been found to utilize common pathways elucidating the proteins involved. This narrative review focuses on caspase-dependent and caspase-independent programmed cell death systems. Included studies of caspase-dependent programmed cell death include extrinsic pathway apoptotic mechanisms including phosphatidylserine (PS), FAS (APO-1/CD95), Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Receptor type 1 (TNF-R1) and TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) and intrinsic or mitochondrial pathway such as Cytochrome C, the Bcl-2 family of proteins and Smac/Diablo. The Bcl-2 family has apoptotic mediators Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and Bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer (Bak), Bcl-2-Interacting Protein BIM (Bim), Bcl-2 agonist of cell death (Bad), Bid, Bcl-2 adenovirus E1B 19kDa-interacting protein 1 NIP3 (Bnip3), BMF, HRK, Noxa and PUMA and anti-apoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2 itself, Mcl-1, Bcl-w, A1, and Bcl-XL. Moreover, caspase-independent programmed cell death pathways include the mitochondrial pathway with the protein mediators Apoptosis Inducing Factor (AIF), and Endonuclease G, the pathways Necroptosis, and Autophagy. Understanding programmed cell death from those reported in this review could shed substantial light on the processes of biological homeostasis. In addition, identifying specific proteins involved in these processes is mandatory to identify molecular biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets. This knowledge could provide the ability to modulate the programmed cell death response and could lead to new therapeutic interventions in a wide range of diseases.
Epitope Mapping of an Anti-Mouse CD39 Monoclonal Antibody using PA Scanning and RIEDL Scanning
Authors: Suzuki Hiroyuki , Okada Yuki , Tanaka Tomohiro , Kaneko Mika K , Kato Yukinari
Published: December 2023

A cell-surface ectonucleotidase CD39 mediates the conversion of extracellular ATP into immunosuppressive adenosine with another ectonucleotidase CD73. The elevated adenosine in the tumor microenvironment (TME) attenuates antitumor immunity, which promotes tumor cell immunologic escape and progression. Anti-CD39 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), which suppress the enzymatic activity, can be applied to antitumor therapy. Therefore, an understanding of the relationship between the inhibitory activity and epitope of mAbs is important. We previously established an anti-mouse CD39 (mCD39) mAb, C39Mab-1 using the Cell-Based Immunization and Screening (CBIS) method. In this study, we determined the critical epitope of C39Mab-1 using flow cytometry. We performed the PA tag (12 amino acids)-substituted analysis (named PA scanning) and RIEDL tag (5 amino acids)-substituted analysis (named RIEDL scanning) to determine the critical epitope of C39Mab-1 using flow cytometry. By the combination of PA scanning and RIEDL scanning, we identified the conformational epitope, spanning three segments of 275th to 279th, 282nd to 291st, and 306th to 323rd amino acids of mCD39. These analyses would contribute to the identification of the conformational epitope of membrane proteins.
Tuluá in Pursuit of Bilingualism: Analysis of the Promotion of English in the Municipality (2013-2021)
Authors: Macías Molina Adela , Ruiz León Angie Yeliany , Villada Carlos Mario , Romero Martínez Gonzalo , Galindo Martínez Angelmiro
Published: December 2023

This study carried out a qualitative and descriptive relational approach that combined Documentary Analysis and elements of the Analytical Method to investigate the phenomenon of bilingualism in Tuluá, Colombia. The aim of this study was to diagnose the promotion of bilingualism by proposing a series of recommendations to strengthen the educational and linguistic policies. The data was processed through matrices and analyzed in the light of the theoretical references to enable a historical account of the programs or strategies that have been implemented for the promotion of bilingualism. The findings of this study are crucial in developing suggestions for enhancing the effectiveness of bilingualism. By identifying strengths, weaknesses, and patterns in the historical framework and modern performance indicators, the research offers valuable contributions to the current discourse on bilingual education policies in Tuluá, Colombia.
Molecular Targeting of the Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor (FGFR) Pathway Across Various Cancers
Authors: Shan Khine Swe , Dalal Shivani , Thaw Dar Nyein Nyein , McLish Omani , Salzberg Matthew , Pico Brian Anthony
Published: December 2023

Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) are a family of receptor tyrosine kinases that involve in regulation of cell proliferation, survival, and development. FGFR alterations including amplifications, fusions, rearrangements, and mutations can result downstream activation of tyrosine kinases leading to tumor development. Targeting those FGFR alterations has shown to be effective in cholangiocarcinoma, urothelial carcinoma, and myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms and there are currently four FGFR inhibitors approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). There have been developments of multiple agents targeting FGFR pathway including selective FGFR inhibitors, ligand traps, monoclonal antibodies, and antibody drug conjugates. However, most of these agents have variable and low responses with some intolerable toxicities and acquired resistances. This review will summarize previous clinical experiences and current developments of agents targeting FGFR pathway and discuss future directions of FGFR targeting agents.
Understanding the Dynamics of Failure Development in Marginalized Areas: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Saaida Mohammed , Saaidah Ibraheem
Published: December 2023

This study examines the dynamics of failure development in marginalized communities, investigating the interplay of socioeconomic, environmental, and community engagement factors. The research aims to uncover underlying causes, provide policy recommendations, and elucidate the challenges faced by these communities. However, limitations include a restricted focus on marginalized areas, data limitations, and an exclusive emphasis on socioeconomic factors. The analysis reveals gaps in addressing political influences, limited coverage of success stories, and potential biases in the methodology. The conclusion emphasizes the transformative power of community-led initiatives to address challenges, foster inclusivity, and create sustainable change. These initiatives prioritize capacity building, social cohesion, economic development, and access to education and healthcare. Implications for policy and practice underscore the need for comprehensive interventions, collaboration, empowerment, and sustainable development. Future research directions include exploring the long-term impact of historical failures, intersectionality, the role of technology, mental health implications, and comparative analysis.
Therapeutic Potential of Glabridin and Gymnemic Acid Alleviates Choroid Thickness and Neovascularization in Diabetic Rat
Authors: Komolkriengkrai Manaras , Matsathit Udomlak , Khimmaktong Wipapan
Published: December 2023

This study was to explore the effects of glabridin and gymnemic acid on the structural changes of the choroidal layer as well as the expression of VEGF and CD31 in diabetic rats. The animals were separated into five groups: the control group (C), the diabetic group (DM), the diabetic rats treated with glabridin 40 mg/kg body weight (DM+GB), the diabetic rats treated with gymnemic acid 400 mg/kg body weight (DM+GM), and the diabetic rats treated with glyburide 4 mg/kg body weight (DM+GR). There has been an increase in the thickness of both the choroid layer and the wall of the arteries in the diabetic group. A decrease in vascularity and choroidal neovascularization can be found in DM rats. After eight weeks of experimentation, the choroidal thickness and wall of choroid arteries, as well as the diameter of the lumen of choroid arteries in the DM+GB, DM+GM, and DM+GR groups, had improved. The expression of VEGF and CD31 was lower compared to the DM group. According to the findings of the current research, glabridin and gymnemic acid can improve and reduce the damage to the choroid, which is a factor that can sometimes result in vision loss.
Comparison of Abundance and Structure of Fish Larvae Community Between Autumn and Spring in the Waters Surrounding the Taiwan Bank, Western North Pacific
Authors: Hsieh Hung-Yen , Lee Ming-An , Chiu Wei-Lun , Meng Pei-Jie
Published: December 2023

The fluctuations in both time and space of the fish larvae community in relation to hydrographic characteristics in the waters surrounding the Taiwan Bank were studied in October 2021 (autumn) and March 2022 (spring). Throughout the study period, we identified a total of 149 taxa of fish larvae, encompassing 96 genera and 71 families. Engraulis japonicus, Diaphus slender type, unidentified Gobiidae, Apogon sp., unidentified Clupeidae, and Benthosema pterotum were the six most dominant taxa, together constituted 47.39% of the total catch. No significant temporal difference in abundance of fish larvae was found, but the species number of fish larvae was more diverse in spring than in autumn. There was a notable difference in species composition between the cruises, and the cluster analysis unveiled a distinct temporal structure in the assemblage of fish larvae. The dynamics of prevailing currents induced by seasonal monsoons play an important role in the transport of fish larvae. The distribution of fish larvae was closely linked to hydrographic features, where seawater temperature and salinity emerged as the primary explanatory factors influencing the composition of fish larvae assemblages in the waters surrounding the Taiwan Bank. While the increased influx of nutrients from upwelling ensures abundant food availability, the hydrographic conditions may not be suitable for every fish larva.
100 Day Vaccine Development–An Alternative Approach Boosters for Phase III Trialed Viral Family Vaccines
Authors: Martin Robert
Published: December 2023

Researchers and organizations are pursing 100 Day Vaccine Development to reduce the impact of any new pandemic-causing virus. They propose monitoring viral emergence and developing vaccines for discovered viruses which would undergo safety testing in humans. If one of these viruses emerges, phase III trials would then take place. There are two problems with this approach - first, phase III trials are too long for the 100-day goal and second, the virus that emerged might not have been discovered in their surveillance. An alternative approach would be to first develop vaccines for viral families similar to the pan coronavirus vaccines being proposed for next generation COVID vaccines. Phase III trials for them would be run even if a virus in the family wasn’t having an outbreak. If a virus in a family for which a vaccine has been developed has an outbreak and the phase III trialed vaccine is not effective against it, develop a booster based on the phase III trialed vaccine. Since booster development and approval takes less than 100 days, the 100 Day Vaccine Development goal would be met.
A New, Rapid, Colorimetric Chemodosimeter, 4(pyrrol-1-Yl)pyridine, for Nitrite Detection in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Thomas Mallory E. , Schmitt Lynn D. , Lees Alistair J.
Published: December 2023

With increasing concerns over environmental impact, and overall health of both the environment and its people, a need to quantify contaminants is of the utmost importance. Chemosensors with low detection limits and relative ease of application can address this challenge. Nitrite ions are known to be detrimental to both the environment and human health. A new colorimetric chemodosimeter has been prepared from a homolytic photochemical cleavage of a reaction between pyrrole and pyridine. The product, 4(pyrrol1-yl)pyridine, yields a limit of detection of 0.330 (±0.09) ppm for the detection of nitrite in aqueous solution, employing a colorimetric change from yellow to pink. It is also highly selective for nitrite when various competitive anions such as SO32- , NO3-, PO43-, SO4-2, Cl-, F-, I-, Br-, and CN- are present in great excess. The molecule’s especially high sensitivity to nitrite is apparently the result of a complex supramolecular mechanism, characterized by both dynamic light scattering of the aggregate and the Tyndall effect. Consequently, this new sensor provides a simple, low-cost way to rapidly detect nitrite anions in aqueous solution.
Novel Ceramide Mimetics Induce Necroptotic Cell Death in Multiple Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Ogiso Yuri , Kawai Kentaro , Nakayama Kazuya , Tokoo Ryosei , Sakae Harumi , Shigeta Shogo , Ishibashi Masumi , Shimada Muneaki , Karuo Yukiko , Omote Masaaki , Matsuda Masaya , Nabe Takeshi , Kitatani Kazuyuki
Published: December 2023

Ceramide is a lipid that regulates cell death including apoptosis and necroptosis and acts as a powerful tumor suppressor. These characteristics have supported the development of ceramide-based cancer therapeutics. In the present study, ceramide mimetics (RT-25, RT-71 and YM-07) were designed and chemically synthesized, and their potential as necroptosis-inducing chemotherapeutic reagents was examined. RT-71 and YM-07, but not RT-25, potently decreased cell viability in multiple cancer cell lines. The ranges of IC50 values for RT-71 and YM-07 were 8.4–40.8 µM and 4.4–23.7 µM, respectively. Cleavage of PARP, an apoptosis marker, was not observed in MCF-7 cells treated with the mimetics. To determine the effects on necroptotic cell death, we used siRNAs specific to mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL). MLKL knockdown significantly suppressed the cell death induced by YM-07 but not RT-71. These results suggest that YM-07 exhibits pro-necroptotic activity. Taken together, these findings indicate ceramide mimetic YM-07 as a lead compound for developing MLKL-activating necroptotic reagents. Our results help establish a foundation for pro-necroptotic therapy for cancer.
Sequential Therapy with Ropeginterferon Alfa-2b and Anti-PD1 for Inhibiting Recurrence of Hepatitis B-related Hepatocellular Carcinoma: From Animal Modeling to Phase I Clinical Results
Authors: Qin Albert , Wu Chang-Ru , Ho Ming-Chih , Tsai Chan-Yen , Chen Pei-Jer
Published: December 2023

In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), recurrence usually occurs after curative surgical resection. Currently, no adjuvant therapy has shown to reduce recurrence rates. In our study, the effect of sequential treatment with recombinant mouse-IFN-α (rmIFN-α) and anti-mouse-PD1 in hepatitis B virus (HBV) clearance was evaluated in mouse model. A phase I trial was conducted to assess the safety, tolerability, and inhibitory effect of sequential therapy with ropeginterferon alfa-2b and nivolumab in HCC recurrence in patients undergone curative surgery for HBV-related HCC. HBV suppression was significantly greater with rmIFN-α and anti-PD1 sequential treatment than with mono-administration in a mouse model. In the Phase I trial, eleven patients completed the sequential therapy with ropeginterferon alfa-2b every two weeks at 450 µg for six doses, followed by three doses of nivolumab every two weeks up to 0.75 mg/kg. A notable decrease or clearance of HBV surface antigen was observed in two patients. Dose-limiting toxicity of grade 3 aspartate aminotransferase and alanine transaminase increases was observed in one patient. The maximum tolerated dose was determined. No HCC recurrence was observed. The treatment modality was well tolerated by the patients. These data support further clinical development of sequential therapy as a post-surgery prophylactic measure against HCC recurrence.
Acetylation and Phosphorylation in the Regulation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factors Activities: Additional Options to Modulate Adaptations to Changes in Oxygen Levels
Authors: Minisini Martina , Cricchi Emanuele , Brancolini Claudio
Published: December 2023

O2 is essential for the life of eukaryotic cells. The ability to sense oxygen availability and initiate a response to adapt the cell to changes in O2 levels is a fundamental achievement of evolution. The key switch for adaptation consists of the transcription factors HIF1A, HIF2A and HIF3A. Their levels are tightly controlled by O2 through the involvement of the oxygen-dependent prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing enzymes (PHDs/EGNLs), the von Hippel-Lindau tumour suppressor protein (pVHL) and the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Furthermore, HIF1A and HIF2A are also under the control of additional post-translational modifications (PTMs) that positively or negatively regulate the activities of these transcription factors. This review focuses mainly on two PTMs of HIF1A and HIF2A: phosphorylation and acetylation.
Facile Synthesis of a Novel AgIO3/Ctf Heterojunction and Its Adsorption-Photocatalysis Peformance of Organic Pollutants
Authors: SHEN Liqiang , YE Tingting , CHEN Yehui , CHU Bei , CHEN Hui , HU Jinxing , Yu Yan
Published: December 2023

With the development of modern industry, the issue of water pollution has garnered increasing attention. Photocatalysis, as a novel green environmental technology that is resource-efficient, environmentally friendly, and highly promising, has found extensive applications in the field of organic pollutant treatment. However, common semiconductor materials exhibit relatively low photocatalytic efficiency in the visible light range or inefficient separation of photogenerated charges, resulting in their limited ability to harness solar energy effectively. Consequently, the development of new photocatalysts has become a pivotal focus in current photocatalysis research to enhance solar energy utilization. This revision provides a brief explanation of the photocatalytic mechanism of the AgIO3/CTF heterojunction photocatalyst. Due to the Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect, Ag nanoparticles demonstrate significant absorption in the visible light region, playing a crucial role in the highly efficient photocatalytic reduction of organic pollutants.
Hereditary Ataxias: From Bench to Clinic, where Do We Stand?
Authors: Pilotto Federica , Del Bondio Andrea , Puccio Hélène
Published: December 2023

Cerebellar ataxias are a wide heterogeneous group of movement disorders. Within this broad umbrella of diseases, there are both genetics and sporadic forms. The clinical presentation of these conditions can exhibit a diverse range of symptoms across different age groups, spanning from pure cerebellar manifestations to sensory ataxia and multisystemic diseases. Over the last few decades, advancements in our understanding of genetics and molecular pathophysiology related to both dominant and recessive ataxias have propelled the field forward, paving the way for in-novative therapeutic strategies aimed at preventing and arresting the progression of these diseas-es. Nevertheless, the rarity of certain forms of ataxia continues to pose challenges, leading to lim-ited insights into the etiology of the disease and the identification of target pathways. Addition-ally, the lack of suitable models hampers efforts to comprehensively understand the molecular foundations of disease pathophysiology and test novel therapeutic interventions. In the following review, we describe the epidemiology, symptomatology, and pathological progression of heredi-tary ataxia, including both the prevalent and less common forms of these diseases. Furthermore, we illustrate the diverse molecular pathways and therapeutic approaches currently undergoing investigation in both pre-clinical studies and clinical trials. Finally, we address the existing and anticipated challenges within this field, encompassing both basic research and clinical endeavors.
Health-Related Quality of Life among Older Adults with Dementia Living in Vietnamese Nursing Homes
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Xuan , Nguyen Anh Huynh Phuong , Nguyen Huong Thi Thu , Nguyen Thu Thi Hoai , Nguyen Hoa Lan , Joel Goldberg Robert , Thillainadesan Janani , Naganathan Vasi , Vu Huyen Thi Thanh , Tran Luc Viet , Nguyen Anh Trung
Published: December 2023

Better understanding of the quality of life among nursing home residents with dementia is im-portant for developing interventions. The objectives of this cross-sectional study were to examine factors associated with poor health-related quality of life in older adults with dementia living in nursing homes in Hanoi, Vietnam. In-person interviews were conducted with 140 adults 60 years and older with dementia and information about their quality of life was obtained using the Quality of Life in Alzheimer’s Disease scale (QOL-AD). A number of sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with poor health-related quality of life (lowest tertile) were assessed through the results of physical tests, interviews with nursing home staff, and review of medical records. The average age of the study sample was 78.3 years, 65% were women, and their av-erage QOL-AD total score was 27.3 (SD = 4.4). Malnutrition, total dependence in activities of daily living, and urinary incontinence were associated with poor quality of life after controlling for multiple potentially confounding factors. Our findings show that Vietnamese nursing home residents with dementia have a moderate quality of life and interventions based on comprehen-sive geriatric assessment remain needed to modify risk factors associated with poor health-related quality of life.
Ranking of Independent Small Scale Electricity Generation
Authors: Kramens Janis , Valtere Megija , Krigers Guntars , Kirsanovs Vladimirs , Blumberga Dagnija
Published: December 2023

The EU’s energy targets are to achieve at least 32% renewables in the energy mix by 2030. Part of the solution is strengthening consumer rights by empowering individuals to generate their own electricity. The study aimed to identify the most suitable energy system for electricity generation of up to 50 kW in the EU residential sector. The Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis was used to compare four systems: proton exchange membrane fuel cell with photovoltaic panels, photovoltaic panels, biomass powered Stirling engine, and solar powered Stirling engine. Based on the results, the most beneficial system for household electricity generation is the Biomass-fueled Stirling engine system due to its affordability, reliability, and low environmental impact. Governments and businesses can use these findings to improve information for the residential sector and enable the transition to renewable energy.
Composite Photocatalysts with Fe, Co, Ni Oxides on Supports with Tetracoordinated Ti Embedded into Aluminosilicate Gel during Zeolite Y Synthesis
Authors: Petcu Gabriela , Anghel Elena Maria , Atkinson Irina , Culita Daniela C. , Apostol Nicoleta G. , Kuncser Andrei , Papa Florica , Băran Adriana , Blin Jean-Luc , Parvulescu Viorica
Published: December 2023

Ti-aluminosilicate gels were used as supports for immobilization of Fe, Co and Ni oxides (5%) by impregnation, and synthesis of efficient photocatalysts in degradation of β-lactam antibiotic from water. Titanium oxide (1 and 2%) was incorporated into zeolite network by modifying the gel during the zeolitation process. The formation of the zeolite Y structure and its microporous structure were evidenced by X-ray diffraction and N2 physisorption. The structure, composition, reduction and optical properties were studied by X-ray difraction, H2-TPR, XPS, Raman, photoluminiscence and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The obtained results indicated a zeolite Y structure for all photocatalysts with tetra-coordinate Ti4+ sites. The immobilized metals from group VIII are both in the form of metal oxides such as Fe2O3, Fe3O4, CoO, Co3O4 , NiO and also in the me-tallic state (Fe0, Co0, and Ni0). A red shift of the absorption edge was observed in UV-Vis spectra of photocatalysts upon addition of Fe, Co or Ni species. The photocatalytic performances were evaluated in degradation of cefuroxime from water under visible light irradiation. The best results were obtained for iron immobilized photocatalysts. Scavenger experiments explained the photocatalytic results and their mechanisms. A different contribution of the active species to the photocatalytic reactions was evidenced.
From Local Energy Communities Towards National Energy System: A Grid-Aware Techno-Economic Analysis
Authors: Terrier Cédric , Loustau Joseph René Hubert , Lepour Dorsan , Maréchal François
Published: December 2023

Energy communities are key actors in the energy transition since they optimally interconnect renewable energy capacities with the consumers. Despite versatile objectives, they usually aim at improving the self-consumption of renewable electricity within low voltage grids to maximize revenues. In addition, energy communities are an excellent opportunity to supply renewable electricity to regional and national energy systems. However, effective price signals have to be designed to coordinate the needs of the energy infrastructure with the interests of these local stakeholders. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the integration of energy communities at the national level with a bottom-up approach. District energy systems with a building scale resolution are modelled in a mixed integer linear programming problem. The Dantzig-Wolfe decomposition is applied to reduce the computational time. The methodology lies within the framework of renewable energy hub, characterized by a high share of photovoltaic capacities. Both investments into equipment and its operation are considered. The model is applied on a set of five typical districts and weather locations representative of the Swiss building stock. The extrapolation to the national scale revealed a heterogeneous photovoltaic potential throughout the country. Present electricity tariffs promote a maximal investment into photovoltaic panels in every region, reaching an installed capacity of 67.2 GW and generating 80 TWh per year. Since the national PV capacity needed is forecast at 15.4 GW peak, coordinated investments between local and national actors are needed to prevent dispensable expenses. An uncoordinated design is expected to increase the total costs for residential energy systems by 43.2% and curtails 48.2% of local renewable electricity.
Role of the Environment Polarity on the Photophysical Properties of Mesogenic Hetero-Polymetallic Complex
Authors: Andelescu Adelina A. , Candreva Angela , Popa Evelyn , Visan Alexandru , Cretu Carmen , La Deda Massimo , Szerb Elisabeta I.
Published: December 2023

New hetero-polynuclear coordination complexes based on pentacoordinated Zn(II) metal center with tridentate terpyridine-based ligands and monoanionic gallates functionalized with long alkyl chains containing ferrocene units were designed, synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic and analytical methods. The complexes are mesomorphic, exhibiting columnar hexagonal mesophases at room temperature. The photophysical properties in solution were accurately investigated and the influence of the polarity of the media in solution was evidenced.
New Advances on Canine Bladder Cancer: Immunotherapy and Nanotechnology Applications
Authors: Fávaro Wagner J , Böckelmann Petra K , Tizziani Silvia H.S. , Duran Nelson
Published: December 2023

Human urinary bladder cancer has similar development that invasive urothelial cancer that happens spontaneously in dogs. Then, research of these malignant tumors associated with the advances of new treatment drive to the specific fight of the urothelial tumor cell, is highly valuably related to efficiency and reduction of side effects of treatments, even extrapolating to humans. Thus, a review of the most important aspects on new advances on canine bladder cancer was achieved. Many forms of therapies are being reported; one of them, of highly promising feature is the treatment with immunomodulators. The resemblance between spontaneous urothelial cancer in canines and urinary bladder cancer in humans makes this canine tumor relevant animal model to research and advances of treatment that may be more efficient in management of tumor with less unfavorable effects. Immunomodulators exhibit important outcomes when used in the therapy of bladder cancer in dogs. Nanomaterials that are possible carriers of some kinds of drugs to the target tumor significantly raise the efficiently of the therapy. Therefore, the advancement of immunomodulator combined with nanoparticles can disrupt the therapy of bladder cancer in dogs and thereafter in humans.
Radial Load Distribution Comparison in Rolling Element Bearings
Authors: Ricci Mário César
Published: December 2023

There are two basic methods for radial external load distribution calculation on rolling elements in a rolling element bearing: the discrete method and the integral method. Solving the discrete equilibrium quasi-static equation using the Newton-Raphson scheme, more accurate results are derived than those based on the integral method, with small theoretical and computational efforts. The Sjövall’s radial integral factors, as well as some approximations proposed in the literature, for line- and point-contacts, are revisited. Numerical approximations for the Sjövall's radial integrals are proposed. The approximations’ errors with respect to the Sjövall’s radial integral’s numerical integration are shown. The numerical results of the displacement between inner and outer rigid rings, maximum hertzian contact deflection and the most loaded element load are shown for some ball and roller bearings, for radial external load ranging from 0 to 10,000 N, and for positive, negative and zero radial clearance, solving the discrete equilibrium quasi-static equation using the Newton-Raphson method. A total of 16 figures is shown in this work, many of which are made up of sub-figures. A total of 58 figures and sub-figures is shown.
Influence of Metallic Interlayers on the Lap Shear Strength of Laser Joined Plastic and Metal Hybrids
Authors: Tillmann Wolfgang , Wojarski Lukas , Hopmann Christian , Fatherazi Patricia , Timmer Christian
Published: December 2023

The strength of laser joined metal and plastic hybrids is based purely on adhesion. Unpolar plastics like polypropylene depend solely on the mechanical adhesion while polar plastics like polyamide 6.6 develop covalent bonds with the metal. In this research the influence of different surface metallizations on the lap shear strength of laser joined hybrids was investigated. Sandblasted AISI 304 was used as base metal and reference. Aluminum and titanium coatings were deposited by the means of Arc-PVD. Polypropylene and polyamide 6.6 were utilized as polar und unpolar plastics. The lap shear strength of all hybrids with polyamide 6.6 was higher than the polypropylene samples. For all investigated variations of the laser power, scanning speed and the cohesive and adhesive failure modes, the samples joined with the sandblasted AISI 304 showed the highest lap shear strength. The reduction in lap shear strength for the coated samples was due to the increased difference in thermal conductivity between the plastics and the coating materials. This lead to increased warping and residual stresses. It can be concluded that the thermal properties of the metallization in laser joined metal and plastic hybrids has a high impact on the lap shear strength.