bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Chronic Pain Development in Patients Undergoing Shoulder Arthroscopy
Authors: Etikcan Teoman , Cakar Turhan Keziban Sanem , Karadag Erkoc Suheyla , Unal Hanzade Aybuke
Published: September 2024

Background/Objectives: Chronic postoperative pain remains a significant barrier in postoperative management, particularly in patients who have undergone shoulder surgery. We evaluated the predictors of chronic pain following shoulder arthroscopy.
Methods: This was a retrospective, observational study of patients who underwent shoulder arthroscopy at a university hospital between 2012 and 2017. Telephone contact was established with 178 patients who met the study criteria. Demographic data, comorbidities, preoperative interscalene block application, intraoperative opioid use, and records of postoperative patient-controlled analgesia were obtained by reviewing patient files. Upon contact, each patient's psychological state and pain level were assessed. Results: Interscalene block was administered to 33 (18.5%) of the patients, while patient-controlled analgesia was provided to 97 (54.5%). The analgesic method of 48 patients’ were not achieved from the records. Chronic pain was identified in 92 patients (51.7%). Body weight,
comorbidities, and the combined use of opioids and non-opioids were found to be significant risk factors (p-values of 0.024, 0.016, and 0.010, respectively) for chronic pain. Multivariate Logistic Regression analysis revealed that the risk of chronic pain in patients with comorbidities and combined opioid-non-opioid use was 9.27 times higher than in those without comorbidities. In the presence of comorbidities, the risk of chronic pain was found to be 7.18 times higher in patients who did not use a combination of opioids and non-opioids.
Conclusion: This study indicates that higher body weight, the presence of comorbidities, and the use of both opioids and non-opioids are significant predictors of increased chronic postoperative pain following shoulder arthroscopy.
Bad Company: Daewoo and France, 1987–2003
Authors: Harsin Jill
Published: September 2024

The region of Lorraine in France witnessed the collapse of the steel industries in the late twentieth century, causing massive job losses and social devastation. Daewoo Electronics, a division of one of the great Korean conglomerates of the 1980s and 1990s, came to Lorraine in eastern France in 1987. They were lured there by generous French government subsidies and the chance to enter the European market. They opened three factories in consumer electronics and components, and also nearly acquired Thomson Multimédia, a state-owned consumer electronics factory, from the French government “for a single symbolic franc.” The resulting uproar, from political opponents and Thomson and Daewoo employees, ended the deal and soured their relationship with France. Daewoo employed just over a thousand people before they closed in 2003, a result of the collapse of the entire Daewoo Group. This article places this sequence of events, widely covered in the media, in the context of French anxiety about globalization, the loss of industrial substance, and France’s place in a changing world. It is suggested that this episode, occurring at a critical juncture in the transformation of industrial capitalism into a service and digital economy, illustrates the difficulties of this period and the media coverage of factory closings.
Antifungal Activity and Mycotoxin Degradation Potential of Bioprotective Microorganisms to Application in Animal Food Production Chain
Authors: Evangelista Alberto Gonçalves , Nazareth Tiago de Melo , Luz Carlos , Dopazo Victor , Moreno Ana , Riolo Mario , Meca Giuseppe , Luciano Fernando Bittencourt
Published: September 2024

The global meat industry has grown substantially, producing 357.39 million tons in 2021, with poultry and pork comprising nearly 73% of this total. However, contamination by mycotoxins, such as zearalenone (ZEA) and fumonisin B1 (FB1), presents a major issue, as these toxins resist common preservation methods. This study explores the potential of bioprotective microorganisms in mycotoxin degradation and fungal control within the animal food production chain, a sector facing significant challenges due to fungal contamination. In this study, 23 bacterial and yeast strains were tested for their ability to degrade ZEA and FB1, and to inhibit mycotoxigenic fungi. Four bacterial strains were highly effective in degrading ZEA: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MLB3, Bacillus subtilis MLB2, Bacillus velezensis CL197, and Streptomyces griseus CECT 3276. However, no strain achieved satisfactory FB1 degradation. The strains also displayed antifungal activity, inhibiting up to 100% of fungi growth in solid media co-culture tests. Simulated swine and poultry digestion demonstrated complete ZEA degradation after 2 hours of incubation. Metabolite analysis revealed that low-toxicity conjugates were formed. These findings suggest that these bacteria hold significant promise for biotechnological applications in animal production, helping to reduce mycotoxin contamination, improve food safety, and protect both animal and human health.
A Comprehensive Review of MI-HFE and IPHFE Cryptosystems: Advances in Internal Perturbations for Post-Quantum Security
Authors: Wang Yong , Li Lingyue , Zhou Ying , Zhang Huili
Published: September 2024

The RSA cryptosystem has long been a fundamental component of contemporary public key in- frastructure. However, recent developments in quantum computing and mathematical theory have introduced signicant challenges to its security. A fully operational quantum computer would allow for the application of Shor's algorithm, enabling the ecient factoring of large integers, thereby com- promising the integrity of RSA and other cryptographic methods dependent on discrete logarithms. Although Grover's algorithm poses a comparatively smaller threat to symmetric encryption systems, it still presents a vulnerability by accelerating key search processes. The looming threat from quan- tum technologies has driven a surge in research aimed at developing quantum-resistant cryptography. These eorts focus on cryptographic techniques grounded in error-correcting codes, lattice structures, and multivariate public key systems, all of which leverage the complexity of NP-hard problemssuch as solving multivariate quadratic equationsto preserve security in a post-quantum world. This pa- per reviews the current progress in quantum-resistant encryption methods, particularly emphasizing the role of robust trapdoor functions. Additionally, it provides a comprehensive analysis of critical multivariate cryptosystem frameworks, such as Matsumoto-Imai, Oil and Vinegar, and Polly Cracker schemes. It also examines advances in lattice-based systems like Kyber and Crystals-Dilithium, which are undergoing assessment by NIST for potential standardization. As quantum computing continues to evolve, the demand for cutting-edge cryptographic solutions to safeguard digital communications grows increasingly pressing.
Strategic Deductive Reasoning in Large Language Models: A Dual-Agent Approach
Authors: Li Siyue , Zhou Xiaofan , Wu Zhizhong , Long Yujian , Shen Yanxin
Published: September 2024

This study explores the enhancement of deductive reasoning capabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs) through a strategic dual-agent framework. In this framework, one agent acts as a questioner and another as an answerer, with both employing advanced linguistic and logical processing to optimize information exchange. Utilizing a structured environment that limits query opportunities, our approach emphasizes the development of LLMs that can efficiently generate and interpret questions to deduce hidden information effectively. The models, which incorporate self-defined agents with a combination of pretraining and llama-3-8b enhancements, demonstrate a remarkable ability to navigate the complexities of logical deduction. Performance evaluations, based on a series of simulated interactions, illustrate the agents' improved precision and strategic acumen in narrowing down possibilities through targeted inquiries. These findings underscore the potential of LLMs in tasks requiring intricate reasoning and collaboration, marking a significant step towards more intelligent and autonomous systems.
Paper‐and‐Pencil vs. Electronic Patient Records: Analyzing Time Efficiency, Personnel Requirements, and Usability Impacts on Healthcare Administration
Authors: Berger Matthias Fabian , Petritsch Johanna , Hecker Andrzej , Pustak Sabrina , Michelitsch Birgit , Banfi Chiara , Kamolz Lars-Peter , Lumenta David B.
Published: September 2024

Objective
The healthcare industry has witnessed a paradigm shift with the adoption of Electronic Patient Records (EPRs), transitioning from traditional Paper and Pencil (P&P) methods to sophisticated, technology-driven documentation systems. However, the integration of EPRs into clinical settings has introduced new challenges. This study investigates workflow consequences of switching from P&P to EPR systems.
Methods
In this study, two independent observers audited surgical ward rounds to assess the effects of transitioning from P&P to EPR. These audits captured number of medical personnel and five key aspects before and after EPR implementation. Additionally, the EPR system's usability was gathered through the System Usability Scale (SUS) and the Post Study System Usability Questionnaire (PSSUQ).
Results
A total of 192 observations using P&P and 160 with the EPR system were analyzed. Results indicated that physicians spent a lower proportion of time in patient rooms using the P&P modality (median = 0.14, IQR = [0.06, 0.24]) compared to the EPR system (median = 0.19, IQR = [0.12, 0.29]). Conversely, nurses spent more time with the P&P modality (median = 0.13, IQR = [0.08, 0.18]) than with the EPR system (median = 0.10, IQR = [0.06, 0.13]). The typical team in the P&P modality comprised two physicians and four nurses, while teams in the EPR system generally included two or three physicians and three nurses. Usability assessments yielded scores rated as "Not Acceptable."
Conclusion
The EPR is already known to contribute to an increased administrative burden. Our findings generally align with this view in the physician sample, whereas nurses did not encounter difficulties switching systems. However, usability scores indicated that the EPR system falls short of meeting user acceptance expectations. Given the continuous increase in administrative workload, our results suggest that ururcing administrative tasks could enhance the efficiency of medical duties performed at patient's bedside.
Evaluation of Bonding Properties Between Cfrp Laminate and Concrete Using Externally Bonded Reinforcement on Transverse Grooves (Ebrotg) Method
Authors: Al-Abdwais Ahmed H. , Al-Tamimi Adil K.
Published: September 2024

The external bonding system using CFRP composite was widely used for strengthening of different structures worldwide. However, premature debonding in this strengthening technique is the critical failure that leads to the fiber not reaching its ultimate capacity. In order to enhance the capacity of the externally bonded (EB) FRP and to slow the premature debonding failure mechanism, numerous anchoring techniques have been applied to improve the bonding capacity. The externally-bonded reinforcement on grooves (EBROG) technology is one of the strategies that have been recently developed to postponing the debonding issue. Although the extensive studies have been conducted in literature on (EBROG) method, most of these studies have been focused on the bonding characteristics of longitudinal grooves direction, and there is lack in studies about effect of different design and configurations (width, height, and spacing) of transverse grooves direction. In present study, an experimental investigation was carried out to study the bond behavior of the externally bonded reinforcement on transverse grooves (EBROTG) technique on the CFRP-to-concrete joints involving different parameters, including groove width, depth, spaces between grooves, strain values, and bond stress-slip relationships. 24 concrete prisms, divided into 8 groups of three specimens, were tested using a single-lap shear test set-up. The result of testing proved that the EBROTG method furnished a proper anchor system and highly enhanced the bonding force of the tests. The increasing range in bond strength with the specimens reinforced by the transverse grooving method was ranging from 11 to 86 % compared with the externally bonded reinforcement (EBR) reflecting the effect of different width, depth and distance between grooves
Theory of Food: The Relationship between Childhood Eating Habits to Implicit Attitudes towards Food in Adulthood
Authors: Horovitz Omer
Published: September 2024

Background/Objectives: The growing interest in nutritional psychology has sparked exploration into how eating habits impact emotional, cognitive, and physical health. The Theory of Food (ToF) posits that childhood eating patterns shape food choices in adulthood, influenced by cognitive and associative representations formed early in life. This study examined the relationship between childhood eating habits and implicit attitudes toward food in adulthood, testing the ToF hypothesis. Methods: One hundred nineteen participants completed a recall questionnaire about their childhood eating habits and an Implicit Association Test (IAT) to assess implicit attitudes toward food groups. The primary hypotheses were that greater fruit consumption in childhood would lead to more positive attitudes toward fruit, and higher snack consumption would result in more favorable attitudes toward snacks. Results: The results did not support the initial hypotheses, indicating no direct relationship between childhood consumption of fruits or snacks and implicit attitudes in adulthood. However, further analyses revealed a significant difference in implicit attitudes toward fruit between participants with low versus high childhood fruit consumption, particularly among women. Conclusions: These findings highlight the complexity of the relationship between childhood eating habits and implicit food attitudes. While no direct associations were found for the overall sample, the significant differences in attitudes based on childhood fruit consumption in women suggest gender-specific patterns. These results emphasize the need for further research to unravel the intricate connections between early eating behaviours and later food attitudes.
Predicting Shot Accuracy in Badminton Using Quiet Eye Metrics and
Neural Networks
Authors: Tan Samson , Toe Teoh Teik
Published: September 2024

This paper presents a novel approach to predicting shot accuracy in badminton by analyzing Quiet Eye (QE) metrics such as QE duration, fixation points, and gaze dynamics. We develop a neural network model that combines visual data from eye-tracking devices with biomechanical data such as body posture and shuttlecock trajectory. Our model is designed to predict shot accuracy, providing insights into the role of QE in performance. The study involved 30 badminton players of varying skill levels from the Singapore Swimming Club. Using a combination of eye-tracking technology and motion capture systems, we collected data on QE metrics and biomechanical factors during a series of badminton shots.

Key results include:
1. The neural network model achieved 85% accuracy in predicting shot outcomes, demonstrating the potential of integrating QE metrics with biomechanical data.
2. QE duration and onset were identified as the most significant predictors of shot accuracy, followed by racket speed and wrist angle at impact.
3. Elite players exhibited significantly longer QE durations (M = 289.5 ms) compared to intermediate (M = 213.7 ms) and novice players (M = 168.3 ms).
4. A strong positive correlation (r = 0.72) was found between QE duration and shot accuracy across all skill levels.

These findings have important implications for badminton training and performance evaluation. The study suggests that QE-based training programs could significantly enhance players' shot accuracy. Furthermore, the predictive model developed in this study offers a framework for real-time performance analysis and personalized training regimens in badminton.

By bridging cognitive neuroscience and sports performance through advanced data analytics, this research paves the way for more sophisticated, individualized training approaches in badminton and potentially other fast-paced sports. Future research directions include exploring the temporal dynamics of QE during matches and developing real-time feedback systems based on QE metrics.
Tricoma (Tricoma) disparseta sp. nov. (Nematoda: Desmoscolecidae), a New Free-Living Marine Nematode from a Seamount in the Northwest Pacific Ocean, with a New Record of T. (T.) longirostris (Southern, 1914)
Authors: Lee Hyo Jin , Lee Heegab , Kihm Ji-Hoon , Rho Hyun Soo
Published: September 2024

During a survey of marine biodiversity in the deep-sea off northeastern Guam, two marine desmoscolecid nematodes belonging to the subgenus Tricoma were discovered. Tricoma (Tricoma) disparseta sp. nov. was described based on specimens collected from sponge and starfish habitats on a seamount at depths ranging from 1300 to 1500 meters. T. (T.) disparseta sp. nov. is distinguished by having 59 to 62 main rings, 9 to 10 subdorsal setae, and 14 to 18 subventral setae on each side. Notable features include the differentiation in length and insertion between subdorsal and subventral setae, and a curved, hooked gubernaculum. The specimen of T. (T.) longirostris observed in this study closely resembles previously reported specimens, characterized by 78 main rings, a long and narrow head shape, 8 to 9 subdorsal setae, 14 to 15 subventral setae, and a gubernaculum with a knobbed apophysis. The morphological characteristics and detailed illustrations of two Tricoma species from the Northwest Pacific Ocean were documented using differential interference contrast microscopy (DIC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, pictorial keys and comparative tables are presented for species exhibiting 50 to 64 main rings, aiding in their identification and differentiation.
Vitamin D’s Essential Role from Natural Sources in Preventing Rhinosinusitis, Nasopharyngitis, and Otitis Media: Ensuring Optimal Care in Patients with Behavioral Disorders
Authors: Manole Felicia , Manole Alexia , Ghitea Timea Claudia
Published: September 2024

Background/Objective: Adequate serum vitamin D levels are essential for overall health, particularly in preventing oropharyngeal infections. This study aims to explore the relationship between serum vitamin D (25(OH)D3) levels and the prevalence of oropharyngeal diseases—specifically rhinosinusitis, otitis media, and nasopharyngitis—in patients at a private specialist medical clinic. Materials and Methods: The study involved 311 patients with an average age of 15.96±15.06 years. Statistical analyses, including Student's t-test and chi-square test, were conducted to evaluate the significance of the findings. Results: Nasopharyngitis was highly prevalent, affecting 83.27% of participants, with higher recurrence rates in those with lower vitamin D levels (p=0.001). Otitis media was present in 53.37% of cases, while rhinosinusitis was less common and more frequently associated with higher vitamin D levels. Patients with behavioral disorders had significantly higher mean vitamin D levels (34.82 ng/mL ±11.85) compared to those without (28.49 ng/mL ±14.37) (p=0.001). Conclusion: Lower serum vitamin D levels are associated with an increased incidence of oropharyngeal diseases. This study highlights the importance of maintaining optimal vitamin D levels for pediatric health and suggests that higher vitamin D levels may reduce the risk of oropharyngeal infections.
Extracorporeal Photopheresis of Patients with Crohn’s Disease Using 5-Aminolevulinic Acid – a First-in-Human Phase I/II Study
Authors: Espeland Kristian , Christensen Eidi , Aandahl Astrid , Ulvær Andreas , Warloe Trond , Kleinauskas Andrius , Darvekar Sagar , Juzenas Petras , Vasovic Vlada , Peng Qian , Jahnsen Jørgen
Published: September 2024

Background/Objectives: With the increasing prevalence of Crohn’s disease (CD), treatment op-tions for patients who fail conventional and advanced therapy are highly needed. Therefore, we explored the safety and efficacy of extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) using 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and blue light (405 nm).
Methods: Patients with active CD who failed or were intolerant to biological therapy were eligi-ble. Mononuclear cells (90 mL) were collected from each patient using a Spectra Optia® apheresis system and diluted with 100 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride in a collection bag. The cells were in-cubated with ALA at a concentration of 3 millimolar (mM) for 60 minutes ex vivo and illumina-tion with a LED blue-light (405 nm) source (BLUE-PIT®) before reinfusion to the patient. Vital signs and adverse events were regularly performed. At week 13 we assessed the patients with colonoscopy, the Harvey Bradshaw Index (HBI), the Inflammatory Bowel disease Health Related Quality of Life Questionnaire, and measurement of serum C-reactive protein, and fecal calprotec-tin (FC) levels. Biopsies of the intestines were taken for immunohistochemistry.
Results: Seven patients were included. Four patients completed, with in total 24 treatments. Three of the four achieved a response, including lower HBI, FC and/or endoscopic improvement. No significant adverse events were observed. The remaining three patients received only one, three or five treatments due to technical difficulties, medical reasons, or the withdrawal of informed con-sent. Conclusion: ALA-based ECP appears safe and seem to give some clinical improvement for the patients with active CD who failed to respond to conventional and advanced therapies.
Optical Rectennas -A Review
Authors: Bhateja Yuvam
Published: September 2024

With the ever-growing geopolitical tensions across borders arising, ultimately from the eternal energy needs, it is the peak time for humanity to put its reliance on a more quasi-perpetuity source of energy, such as the Sun. Even though current photovoltaics are the frontier of solar power harvesting, their efficiencies are reaching a state of stasis sooner or later. The efficiencies of single-junction solar cells are capped by the Shockley-Quiesser limit of 33.7%. Researchers are racing toward a way to beat this limit while keeping the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCE) to its minimum. Amongst all contenders, rectenna (or rectifying antenna), which was invented only a decade after the first practical PV cell by the Bells lab [1], is the most promising technology to take the forefront in quenching the energy needs, not only because of the absence of any such theoretical limit but also a lower cost of production. This report will review three state-of-the-art architectures for optical rectification developed by the leading groups worldwide. The review will compile a concise discussion on Metal-Double-Insulator-Metal diodes, CNT-Insulator-Metal diodes, and Point-contact-Metal-Insulator-Metal diodes, with an elaborative focus on their fabrication methods and results obtained.
Fluid Overload in Children Following Hematopoietic Cell Transplant: A Cause for Concern?
Authors: Elbahlawan Lama , Qudeimat Amr , Morrison Ray , Schaller Alexandra
Published: September 2024

Fluid overload significantly increases morbidity and mortality in critically ill children. Following hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT), children are at high risk of fluid ac-cumulation due to essential increased fluid intake for nutrition, blood products, and antimicrobials. In addition, many complications predispose these children to capillary leak and fluid overload (FO), such as sinusoidal obstruction syndrome, engraftment syndrome, sepsis, and acute kidney injury (AKI). FO>10 % occurs in nearly half of children following HCT and is associated with a lower PICU survival rate. In addition, in children with acute respiratory failure post HCT, each 1% increase in cumulative fluid balance on d 3 increased the odds of PICU mortality by 3%. Furthermore, FO worsens AKI. Tools such as the renal angina index and urinary biomarkers such as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin can help identify patients at risk of AKI and FO. Early detection, prevention, and intervention are crucial to improving outcome in this population. Management strategies include fluid restriction, diuretics, and continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT) when FO exceeds 10% and other measures have failed. Children with FO > 10% at CKRT initiation were 6.16 times more likely to die than were those with FO ≤ 10%.
Biomolecular Condensates of Interferon-Inducible Human and Murine Antiviral Mx Proteins
Authors: Sehgal Pravin B.
Published: September 2024

Type I (IFN-α/β) and Type III (IFN-λ) interferon-inducible myxovirus resistance (Mx) proteins have long been recognized to inhibit a broad spectrum of RNA- and DNA-containing viruses (1-5). Mx proteins are dynamin-family GTPases of size 60-70 kDa (1-3) with different subcellular localization and antiviral activities. In the last 5 years there has been a paradigm shift in our understanding of the structures formed by human and murine Mx proteins in the cytoplasm and nucleus. We now recognize that the major human MxA protein forms structures in the cytoplasm and the major murine Mx1 forms structure in the nucleus which comprise liquid-liquid phase separated (LLPS) biomolecular condensates [membraneless organelles (MLOs)] with a gel-like internal consistency. The second human Mx protein, MxB, which had been previously observed to associate with the cytoplasmic face of nuclear pores, was also recently confirmed to represent cytoplasmic biomolecular condensates. Our overall focus now is to understand the formation, dynamics and antiviral function of biomolecular condensates of different Mx proteins in the cytoplasm and nucleus in cells of different species. We highlight the metastability and rapidly reversible hypotonicity sensing properties of MxA condensates in human cells, especially as applicable to environmental stress inflicted on the oral mucosa.
AI-powered Biodiversity Assessment: Species Classification via DNA Barcoding and Deep Learning
Authors: Nanni Loris , Cuza Daniela , Brahnam Sheryl
Published: September 2024

As sequencing technologies advance, short DNA sequence fragments increasingly serve as DNA barcodes for species identification. Rapid acquisition of DNA sequences from diverse organisms is now possible, highlighting the increasing significance of DNA sequence analysis tools in species identification. This study introduces a new approach for species classification with DNA barcodes based on an ensemble of deep neural networks (DNN). Several techniques are proposed and empirically evaluated for converting raw DNA sequence data into images fed into the DNNs. The best-performing approach is obtained by representing each pair of DNA bases with the value of a related physicochemical property. By utilizing different physicochemical properties, we can create an ensemble of networks. Our proposed ensemble obtains state-of-the-art performance on both simulated and real data sets. The code of the proposed approach is available at https://github.com/LorisNanni/AI-powered-Biodiversity-Assessment-Species-Classification-via-DNA-Barcoding-and-Deep-Learning .
Interaction between Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors and Cannabidiol in the Gut of Chickens Applied to Different Challenge Conditions
Authors: Szkopek Dominika , Mendel Marta , Kinsner Misza , Fotschki Bartosz , Juśkiewicz Jerzy , Kozłowski Krzysztof , Matusevičius Paulius , Konieczka Paweł
Published: September 2024

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are important targets for cannabidiol (CBD), which mediate many of its biological actions. The hypothesis of the present research assumed that PPARs affect the gut response to different challenge factors in chickens (C. perfringens vs lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from E. coli), and CBD can mediate the pathways of this response. The study proved that CBD and challenge factors significantly affect the expression level of PPARα (P=0.001) and selected genes determining gut barrier function. A positive correlation was demonstrated between PPARs and genes involved in the formation of tight junctions, immune and oxidative stress responses in chickens. Dietary supplementation with CBD actively mediated the expression rate of PPARs, but the mechanism of interaction between CBD and PPARs was different depending on the stress factor used. The addition of CBD to the birds’ diets did not contribute to reducing intestinal permeability under induced stress conditions and did not cause a stress-inducing effect resulting in the increase of cortisol and endotoxin concentration in the blood. CBD also supported the mechanisms of protecting intestinal cells from cytotoxic effects in a C. perfringens challenge. This study indicates the importance of research towards understanding the mechanisms of PPARs as a target for enhancing intestinal barrier function, provides new results on the biological action of CBD in chickens and shows a constant PPARs association with the jejunum mucosa of birds.
Honeycomb Cell Structures Formed in Drop-Casting CNT Films for Highly Efficient Solar Absorber Applications
Authors: Islam Saiful , Furuta Hiroshi
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the process of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) coatings to enhance the lamp heating temperature for solar thermal absorption applications. The primary focus is studying the effects of self-organized honeycomb structures of CNTs formed on silicon substrates on different cell area ratios (CAR). The drop-casting process developed honeycomb-structured MWCNT-coated absorbers with varying CAR values ranging from ~ 60% to 17%. The optical properties were investigated within the visible (400-800 nm) and near-infrared (934-1651nm) wavelength ranges. Although fully coated MWCNT absorbers showed the lowest reflectance, honeycomb structures with a ~ 17% CAR achieved high-temperature absorption. These structures maintained 8.4% reflectance at 550 nm while dramatically increasing infrared reflection to 80.5% at 1321 nm. The performance of solar thermal was assessed throughout a range of irradiance intensities, from 0.04 W/cm² to 0.39 W/cm². The honeycomb structure with a ~17% CAR value consistently performed better than other structures by reaching the highest absorption temperatures (ranging from 52.5°C to 285.5°C) across all measured intensities. A direct correlation was observed between the reflection ratio (visible: 550 nm / infrared: 1321 nm) and temperature absorption efficiency, where lower reflection ratios were associated with higher temperature absorption. This study highlights the significant potential for the large-scale production of cost-effective solar thermal absorbers through the application of optimized honeycomb-structured absorbers coated with MWCNTs. These contributions enhance solar energy efficiency for applications in water heating and purification, thereby promoting sustainable development.
Chemichal and Thermal Changes in Mg3Si2O5 (OH)4 Polimorf Minerals and Importance as a Industrial Material
Authors: Sasmaz Ahmet , KILIÇ Ayşe Didem , Konakcı Nevin
Published: September 2024

Serpentine (Mg3Si2O5(OH)4), like quartz, dolomite and magnesite minerals, is a versatile mineral group characterized by silica and magnesium silicate contents with multiple polymorphic phases. Among the phases composed of antigorite, lizardite, and chrysotile, lizardite and chrysotile are the most prevalent phases in the serpentinites studied here. The ΣLREE/ΣHREE ratios of the samples are between 0.16 and 4 ppm. While Ce shows a strong negative anomaly (0.1–12), Eu shows a weak positive anomaly (0.1–0.3). This indicates that fluid interacts significantly with rock during serpentinization, and Highly Incompatible Elements (HIEs) gradually become involved in the serpentinization process. The large differential thermal analysis (DTA) peak at 810–830 °C is an important sign of dehydration, transformation reactions and thermal decomposition, and is com-patible with H2O phyllosilicates in the mineral structure losing water at this temperature. In SEM images, chrysotile, which has a fibrous structure, and lizardite, which has a flat appearance, trans-form into talc as a result of dehydration with increasing temperature. Therefore, the sudden tem-perature drop observed in DTA graphs is an indicator of crystal form transformation and CO2 loss. In this study, the mineralogical and structural properties and the formation of serpentinites were examined for the first time using thermo-gravimetric analysis methods. In addition, the mineralogical and physical properties of serpentinites can be recommended for industrial use as additives in polymers or in the adsorption of organic pollutants. As a result, the high refractory nature of examined serpentine suggests that it is well-suited for applications involving high temperatures. This includes industries such as metallurgy and steel production, glass manufacturing, ceramic production, and the chemical industry.
Bridging the Gap Between Black Box AI and Clinical Practice: Advancing Explainable AI for Trust, Ethics, and Personalized Healthcare Diagnostics
Authors: Tuan Dang Anh
Published: September 2024

Explainable AI (XAI) has emerged as a pivotal tool in healthcare diagnostics, offering much-needed transparency and interpretability in complex AI models. XAI techniques, such as SHAP, Grad-CAM, and LIME, enable clinicians to understand AI-driven decisions, fostering greater trust and collaboration between human and machine in clinical settings. This review explores the key benefits of XAI in enhancing diagnostic accuracy, personalizing patient care, and ensuring compliance with regulatory standards. However, despite its advantages, XAI faces significant challenges, including balancing model accuracy with interpretability, scaling for real-time clinical use, and mitigating biases inherent in medical data. Ethical concerns, particularly surrounding fairness and accountability, are also discussed in relation to AI's growing role in healthcare. The review emphasizes the importance of developing hybrid models that combine high accuracy with improved interpretability and suggests that future research should focus on explainable-by-design systems, reducing computational costs, and addressing ethical issues. As AI continues to integrate into healthcare, XAI will play an essential role in ensuring that AI systems are transparent, accountable, and aligned with the ethical standards required in clinical practice.
A Study on the Influence of Social Media on Forming the Social Skills among Adolescents
Authors: Thakur Nabin , Kausar Sulaiman Zainab
Published: September 2024

This study examined the connection between teenage social skill development and social media use, with an emphasis on both male and female participants. Data were gathered from 101 teenagers using a snowball sampling technique in descriptive survey research. The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between social skill development and social media usage, as well as the frequency and intensity of social media use. The results showed that there was no statistically significant difference (ꭕ2 =1.983, p < .05, .01) in the amount of time male and female teenagers spent on social media. Furthermore, there were no statistically significant differences (t=1.29, p > α) in the impact of social media on the development of social skills between genders. Gender did not appear to be a significant impact (ꭕ2 =1.143, p > α) in the way social media affected the development of social skills, even though a higher number of females saw more significant advances in social skills, especially at higher levels of influence. The study also revealed a stronger correlation between increased social skill improvement and moderate social media use, especially in the "more than one hour" category. Excessive use, such as spending the entire day online, did not, however, considerably aid in the development of social skills. Overall, the results indicate that, when used moderately, social media can typically improve teenage social skills, with little variation in the effects observed between boys and females.
Crossing Age Boundaries: The Unifying Potential of Presepsin in Sepsis Diagnosis Across Diverse Age Groups
Authors: Moura Edmilson Leal Bastos de , Pereira Rinaldo Wellerson
Published: September 2024

Sepsis is a pervasive condition that affects individuals of all ages, with significant social and economic consequences. Early diagnosis of sepsis is fundamental for establishing appropriate treatment and is based on warning scores and clinical characteristics, with positive microbiological cultures being the gold standard. Research has yet to identify a single biomarker to meet this diagnostic demand. Presepsin is a molecule that has the potential as a biomarker for diagnosing sepsis. In this paper, we present a narrative review of the diagnostic and prognostic performance of presepsin in different age groups. Given its particularities, it is identified that presepsin is a potential biomarker for sepsis at all stages of life.
Insights into Acinetobacter baumannii AMA205's Unprecedented Antibiotic Resistance
Authors: Traglia German Matias , Pasteran Fernando , Moheb Samyar , Akhtar Usman , Gonzalez Sebastian , Maldonado Carolina , Furtado Nicholas , Mohamed Ahmed , Escalante Jenny , Tuttobene Marisel R. , Quillen Araceli , Fontan Claudia , Albornoz Ezequiel , Corso Alejandra , Bonomo Robert. A , Rao Gauri G. , Tolmasky Marcelo. E. , Ramirez Maria Soledad
Published: September 2024

The rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in clinical settings has become a significant global concern. Among these bacteria, Acinetobacter baumannii stands out due to its remarkable ability to acquire resistance genes and persist in hospital environments, leading to some of the most challenging infections. Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) plays a crucial role in the evolution of this pathogen. The A. baumannii AMA205 strain, belonging to sequence type ST79, was isolated from a COVID-19 patient in Argentina in 2021. This strain’s antimicrobial resistance profile is notable as it harbors multiple resistance genes, some of which had not been previously described in this species. The AmpC family β-lactamase blaCMY-6, commonly found in Enterobacterales, had never been detected in A. baumannii before. Furthermore, this is the first ST79 strain known to carry the carbapenemase blaNDM-1 gene. Other acquired resistance genes include the carbapenemase blaOXA-23, further complicating treatment. Susceptibility testing revealed high resistance to most antibiotic families, including cefiderocol, with significant contributions from blaCMY-6 and blaNDM-1 genes to the cephalosporin and carbapenem resistance profiles. The A. baumannii AMA205 genome also contains genetic traits coding for 111 potential virulence factors, such as the iron-uptake system and biofilm-associated proteins. This study underscores A. baumannii's ability to acquire multiple resistance genes and highlights the need for alternative therapies and effective antimicrobial stewardship to control the spread of these highly resistant strains.
Enhancing Acute Migraine Treatment: Exploring Solid Lipid Nanoparticles and Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for the Nose-to-Brain Route
Authors: Torres Joana , Silva Renata , Farias Gonçalo , Sousa-Lobo José , Ferreira Domingos , Silva Ana Catarina
Published: September 2024

Migraine has a high prevalence worldwide and is one of the main disabling neurological diseases in individuals under the age of 50. In general, treatment includes the use of oral analgesics or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for mild attacks, and, for moderate or severe attacks, triptans or 5-hydroxytryptamine/serotonin (5-HT)1B/1D receptor agonists. However, the administration of antimigraine drugs in conventional oral pharmaceutical dosage forms is a challenge, since many molecules have difficulty crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to reach the brain, which leads to bioavailability problems. Efforts have been made to find alternative delivery systems and/or routes for antimigraine drugs. In vivo studies have shown that it is possible to administer drugs directly into the brain via the intranasal (IN) or the nose-to-brain route, thus avoiding the need for the molecules to cross the BBB. In this field, the use of lipid nanoparticles, in particular solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC), has shown promising results, since they have several advantages for drugs administered via the IN route, including increased absorption and reduced enzymatic degradation, improving bioavailability. Furthermore, SLN and NLC are capable of co-encapsulating drugs, promoting their simultaneous delivery to the site of therapeutic action, which can be a promising approach for the acute migraine treatment. This review highlights the potential of using SLN and NLC to improve the treatment of acute migraine via the nose-to-brain route. First sections describe the pathophysiology and the currently available pharmacological treatment for acute migraine, followed by an outline of the mechanisms underlying the nose-to-brain route. Afterwards, the main features of SLN and NLC and the most recent in vivo studies investigating the use of these nanoparticles for the treatment of acute migraine are presented.
Identification and Quantification of Hidden Dangers in Small Scale Reservoir Engineering Based on Deep Learning for Flood control, water supply and irrigation
Authors: Zhou Zhiwei , Fang Shibiao , Fang Weihua , Xu Yaozong , Zhu Bin , Li Lei , Ji Haixiang , Tu Wenrong
Published: September 2024

This study aims to enhance the detection and assessment of safety hazards in small-scale reservoir engineering using advanced image processing and deep learning techniques. Given the critical importance of small reservoirs in flood management, water supply, and ecological balance, the effective monitoring of their structural integrity is crucial. This paper developed a fully convolutional semantic segmentation method for hidden danger images of small reservoirs using an encoding-decoding structure, utilizing a deep learning framework of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to process and analyze high-resolution images captured by UAVs. The method incorporated data augmentation and adaptive learning techniques to improve model accuracy under diverse environmental conditions. Finally, the quantification data of hidden dangers (length, width, area, etc.) was obtained by converting the image pixels to the actual size. Results demonstrate significant improvements in detecting structural deficiencies, such as cracks and seepage areas, with increased precision and recall rates compared to conventional methods, and the HHSN-25 network (Hidden Hazard Segmentation Network with 25 layers)proposed in this paper outperforms other methods. The main evaluation indicator mIoU of HHSN-25 is higher than other methods, reaching 87.00%, and Unet is 85.50%, Unet++is 85.55%. The proposed model achieves reliable real-time performance, allowing for early warning and effective management of potential risks. This study contributes to the development of more efficient monitoring systems for small-scale reservoirs, enhancing their safety and operational sustainability.
The Role of PET/CT in the Management of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: Current Applications and Future Perspectives
Authors: Panagiotidis Emmanouil , Zhang-Yin Jules Tianyu
Published: September 2024

Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), comprising papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma, is the most common thyroid malignancy and typically has a favourable prognosis when detected early. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has emerged as a valuable imaging modality, integrating metabolic and anatomical data. Although PET/CT is not usually part of the initial diagnostic process due to DTC's indolent nature and low metabolic activity, it plays an essential role in selected clinical scenarios. This includes identifying recurrence in patients with elevated thyroglobulin (Tg) levels and negative radioactive iodine (RAI) scans, evaluating metastatic disease, and guiding treatment in advanced cases. As the use of PET/CT evolves in oncology, this review explores its application in the staging, detection of recurrence, follow-up, and future challenges in managing DTC. The review also considers emerging radiotracers and the theragnostic potential of PET/CT.
On the Essence of the Riemann Zeta Function and Riemann Hypothesis
Authors: Wang Shisheng
Published: September 2024

Riemann’s functional equation is valid on the vertical line of s=1/2. Each side is a real-valued function. The Riemann’s Xi function is also a real-valued function along the vertical line of s=1/2. Through the holomorphic extensions of the Riemann zeta function, starting from the real-valued function at s=1/2 into both sides of sigma<1/2 and sigma>1/2, we can get two versions of the zeta functional equation, eq. (45). The key property of the scaling and rotational factors g(s) and g(1-s) behave as multiplicative inverses in the complex plane, eq. (48). It is deduced that the Zeta function also has multiplicative inverses, the symmetric point is at (1/2,0) in the complex plane. The moduli behave as a hyperbola. Especially, along the vertical line sigam=1/2, the amplitudes of both function g(s) and g(1-s) are equal to 1, its arguments have opposite signs. If sigma is not equal to 1/2, the amplitudes of zeta(s) and zeta(1-s) are not equal to each other, because of their multiplicative inversion relationship. It is deduced that the non-trivial zeros can only be on the vertical line of s=1/2. A gamma function vector field is given in Appendix B, and some moduli of gamma function at special points are given. Finally, another variation of the Zeta function is provided in an integral form in Appendix D. The asymptotes behave as a c8 cyclic group for the large t values.