bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A novel missense mutation in GRIN2A causes a nonepileptic neurodevelopmental disorder
Authors: Fernández‐Marmiesse Ana , Kusumoto Hirofumi , Rekarte Saray , Roca Iria , Zhang Jin , Myers Scott J. , Traynelis Stephen F. , Couce Mª Luz , Gutierrez‐Solana Luis , Yuan Hongjie
Published: April 2018

Background: Mutations in the GRIN2A gene, which encodes the GluN2A (glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon‐1) subunit of the N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor, have been identified in patients with epilepsy‐aphasia spectrum disorders, idiopathic focal epilepsies with centrotemporal spikes, and epileptic encephalopathies with severe developmental delay. However, thus far, mutations in this gene have not been associated with a nonepileptic neurodevelopmental disorder with dystonia.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to identify the disease‐causing gene in 2 siblings with neurodevelopmental and movement disorders with no epileptiform abnormalities.

Methods: The study method was targeted next‐generation sequencing panel for neuropediatric disorders and subsequent electrophysiological studies.

Results: The 2 siblings carry a novel missense mutation in the GRIN2A gene (p.Ala643Asp) that was not detected in genomic DNA isolated from blood cells of their parents, suggesting that the mutation is the consequence of germinal mosaicism in 1 progenitor. In functional studies, the GluN2A‐A643D mutation increased the potency of the agonists L‐glutamate and glycine and decreased the potency of endogenous negative modulators, including protons, magnesium and zinc but reduced agonist‐evoked peak current response in mammalian cells, suggesting that this mutation has a mixed effect on N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor function.

Conclusion: De novo GRIN2A mutations can give rise to a neurodevelopmental and movement disorder without epilepsy. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Genotype‐Phenotype Relations for the Parkinson's Disease Genes Parkin, PINK1, DJ1: MDSGene Systematic Review
Authors: Kasten Meike , Hartmann Corinna , Hampf Jennie , Schaake Susen , Westenberger Ana , Vollstedt Eva‐Juliane , Balck Alexander , Domingo Aloysius , Vulinovic Franca , Dulovic Marija , Zorn Ingo , Madoev Harutyun , Zehnle Hanna , Lembeck Christina M. , Schawe Leopold , Reginold Jennifer , Huang Jana , König Inke R. , Bertram Lars , Marras Connie , Lohmann Katja , Lill Christina M. , Klein Christine
Published: April 2018

This first comprehensive MDSGene review is devoted to the 3 autosomal recessive Parkinson's disease forms: PARK‐Parkin, PARK‐PINK1, and PARK‐DJ1. It followed MDSGene's standardized data extraction protocol and screened a total of 3652 citations and is based on fully curated phenotypic and genotypic data on >1100 patients with recessively inherited PD because of 221 different disease‐causing mutations in Parkin, PINK1, or DJ1. All these data are also available in an easily searchable online database (www.mdsgene.org), which also provides descriptive summary statistics on phenotypic and genetic data. Despite the high degree of missingness of phenotypic features and unsystematic reporting of genotype data in the original literature, the present review recapitulates many of the previously described findings including early onset (median age at onset of ∼30 years for carriers of at least 2 mutations in any of the 3 genes) of an overall clinically typical form of PD with excellent treatment response, dystonia and dyskinesia being relatively common and cognitive decline relatively uncommon. However, when comparing actual data with common expert knowledge in previously published reviews, we detected several discrepancies. We conclude that systematic reporting of phenotypes is a pressing need in light of increasingly available molecular genetic testing and the emergence of first gene‐specific therapies entering clinical trials. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Phenotypic characteristics of the p.Asn215Ser (p.N215S) GLA mutation in male and female patients with Fabry disease: A multicenter Fabry Registry study
Authors: Germain Dominique P. , Brand Eva , Burlina Alessandro , Cecchi Franco , Garman Scott C. , Kempf Judy , Laney Dawn A. , Linhart Aleš , Maródi László , Nicholls Kathy , Ortiz Alberto , Pieruzzi Federico , Shankar Suma P. , Waldek Stephen , Wanner Christoph , Jovanovic Ana
Published: April 2018

Background

The p.Asn215Ser or p.N215S GLA variant has been associated with late‐onset cardiac variant of Fabry disease.

Methods

To expand on the scarce phenotype data, we analyzed natural history data from 125 p.N215S patients (66 females, 59 males) enrolled in the Fabry Registry (NCT00196742) and compared it with data from 401 patients (237 females, 164 males) harboring mutations associated with classic Fabry disease. We evaluated interventricular septum thickness (IVST), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT), estimated glomerular filtration rate and severe clinical events.

Results

In p.N215S males, mildly abnormal mean IVST and LVPWT values were observed in patients aged 25–34 years, and values gradually increased with advancing age. Mean values were similar to those of classic males. In p.N215S females, these abnormalities occurred primarily in patients aged 55–64 years. Severe clinical events in p.N215S patients were mainly cardiac (males 31%, females 8%) while renal and cerebrovascular events were rare. Renal impairment occurred in 17% of p.N215S males (mostly in patients aged 65–74 years), and rarely in females (3%).

Conclusion

p.N215S is a disease‐causing mutation with severe clinical manifestations found primarily in the heart. Cardiac involvement may become as severe as in classic Fabry patients, especially in males.
Comparison of biochemical analysis of fetal serum and fetal urine in the prediction of postnatal renal outcome in lower urinary tract obstruction
Authors: Spaggiari Emmanuel , Stirnemann Julien J. , Benedetti Sara , Dreux Sophie , Salomon Laurent J. , Blanc Thomas , Rosenblatt Jonathan , Favre Romain , Ville Yves , Muller Françoise
Published: April 2018

Objectives

To compare the prognostic value of fetal serum biochemistry and fetal urine biochemistry in predicting renal outcome in lower urinary tract obstruction (LUTO).

Methods

We retrospectively studied renal outcome following a prenatal diagnosis of LUTO in cases for which both fetal blood and fetal urine were sampled. We classified the renal outcome as either “favorable,” when postnatal renal function was normal, or “adverse,” in the case of postnatal chronic renal failure or when renal histological lesions were present at autopsy in the case of termination of pregnancy. A prognostic model was constructed for urine and serum separately. β2‐Microglobulin was the only remaining independent predictor in fetal urine. β2‐Microglobulin in serum and urine were compared by using receiver operating characteristic curves.

Results

In the 50 cases included, the rate of adverse outcome was 34 of 50(68%): autopsy confirmed severity of renal disease in all 27 cases who underwent termination of pregnancy, and among the 23 live born children, 7 developed renal failure. Fetal serum and urine markers were all significantly associated with renal outcome (P < .01). The receiver operating characteristic curves for fetal serum and fetal urinary β2‐microglobulin were similar (area under the curve = 0.908 versus 0.909, P = .96).

Conclusion

Fetal serum biochemistry and fetal urine biochemistry are of similar prognostic value in predicting postnatal renal outcome in fetuses with LUTO.
Exploring cancer survivors' views of health behaviour change: “Where do you start, where do you stop with everything?”
Authors: Corbett Teresa , Cheetham Tara , Müller Andre Matthias , Slodkowska‐Barabasz Joanna , Wilde Laura , Krusche Adele , Richardson Alison , Foster Claire , Watson Eila , Little Paul , Yardley Lucy , Bradbury Katherine
Published: April 2018

Objective

Physical activity (PA) and a healthy diet can improve the well‐being of cancer survivors. However, cancer survivors often do not engage in these behaviours. This study aimed to explore barriers and facilitators to engaging in these behaviours following cancer treatment.

Methods

During the development of a Web‐based intervention to enhance health‐related quality of life in cancer survivors, 32 people who had completed treatment for breast, colon, or prostate cancer were presented with an intervention for PA and healthy eating. In‐depth think‐aloud and semi‐structured interviewing techniques were used to elicit perceptions of both behaviours. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results

Some individuals reported implementing positive health behaviour changes to maintain health and prevent recurrence, or to help them to move forward after cancer. However, others reported feeling abandoned, and many did not report an intention to engage in lifestyle changes. Individuals discussed contextual and health‐related barriers that were specifically linked to their situation as post‐treatment cancer survivors: individuals described uncertainty about how to implement adaptive changes and perceived a lack of support from health care providers. Others viewed behaviour change as unnecessary or undesirable, with some arguing that non‐modifiable factors contributed more to their cancer diagnosis than lifestyle‐related factors.

Conclusions

For many participants in this study, the period that follows treatment for cancer did not represent a “teachable moment.” A variety of complex and heterogeneous factors appeared to impact motivation and may limit cancer survivors from engaging with diet and PA changes.
Unimolecular reactivity of organotrifluoroborate anions, RBF3−, and their alkali metal cluster ions, M(RBF3)2− (M = Na, K; R = CH3, CH3CH2, CH3(CH2)3, CH3(CH2)5, c‐C3H5, C6H5, C6H5CH2, CH2CHCH2, CH2CH, C6H5CO)
Authors: Bathie Fiona L.B. , Bowen Chris J. , Hutton Craig A. , O'Hair Richard A.J.
Published: April 2018

Rationale

Potassium organotrifluoroborates (RBF3K) are important reagents used in organic synthesis. Although mass spectrometry is commonly used to confirm their molecular formulae, the gas‐phase fragmentation reactions of organotrifluoroborates and their alkali metal cluster ions have not been previously reported.

Methods

Negative‐ion mode electrospray ionization (ESI) together with collision‐induced dissociation (CID) using a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer were used to examine the fragmentation pathways for RBF3− (where R = CH3, CH3CH2, CH3(CH2)3, CH3(CH2)5, c‐C3H5, C6H5, C6H5CH2, CH2CHCH2, CH2CH, C6H5CO) and M(RBF3)2− (M = Na, K), while density functional theory (DFT) calculations at the M06/def2‐TZVP level were used to examine the structures and energies associated with fragmentation reactions for R = Me and Ph.

Results

Upon CID, preferentially elimination of HF occurs for RBF3− ions for systems where R = an alkyl anion, whereas R− formation is favoured when R = a stabilized anion. At higher collision energies loss of F− and additional HF losses are sometimes observed. Upon CID of M(RBF3)2−, formation of RBF3− is the preferred pathway with some fluoride transfer observed only when M = Na. The DFT‐calculated relative thermochemistry for competing fragmentation pathways is consistent with the experiments.

Conclusions

The main fragmentation pathways of RBF3− are HF elimination and/or R− loss. This contrasts with the fragmentation reactions of other organometallate anions, where reductive elimination, beta hydride transfer and bond homolysis are often observed. The presence of fluoride transfer upon CID of Na(RBF3)2− but not K(RBF3)2− is in agreement with the known fluoride affinities of Na+ and K+ and can be rationalized by Pearson's HSAB theory.
Chitosan/Polyvinylpyrrolidone/MCM‐41 Composite Hydrogel Films: Structural, Thermal, Surface, and Antibacterial Properties
Authors: Ulu Ahmet , Noma Samir A. A. , Gurses Canbolat , Koytepe Suleyman , Ates Burhan
Published: April 2018

The aim of this study is to characterize and investigate the effects of the Mobil Composition of Matter No. 41 (MCM‐41) concentrations (0.5, 1, 3, 5, and 10 wt%) on structural, thermal, wettability, water content, oxygen (O2) permeability, and swelling properties as well as morphological characteristics of chitosan/polyvinylpyrrolidone/MCM‐41 (CH/PVP/MCM‐41) composite hydrogel films. In addition, hydrolytic degradability, optic transmittance, and antibacterial properties of composite hydrogels films are determined as in vitro. With increasing of MCM‐41 content, the composite hydrogels showed higher thermal stability, as expected. The morphologic properties of the composite hydrogel films are studied using scanning electron microscope (SEM) technique that provide evidence for good miscibility of CH, PVP, and MCM‐41. The swelling and water‐absorbing properties of the composite hydrogel films are significantly improved because of enhanced hydrophilic profile. Furthermore, the antimicrobial properties of the prepared composite hydrogel films are studied against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans yeast. The results showed excellent antibacterial behavior of the composite hydrogel films. The study clearly demonstrates that the prepared CH/PVP/MCM‐41 composite hydrogel films may be used as a promising candidate material in various fields such as drug delivery, wound healing material, and adsorbent materials.
Gluino-mediated electroweak penguin with flavor-violating trilinear couplings
Authors: Endo Motoi , Goto Toru , Kitahara Teppei , Mishima Satoshi , Ueda Daiki , Yamamoto Kei
Published: April 2018

Abstract

In light of a discrepancy of the direct CP violation in K → ππ decays, ε

′

/ε

K
, we investigate gluino contributions to the electroweak penguin, where flavor violations are induced by squark trilinear couplings. Top-Yukawa contributions to ΔS = 2 observables are taken into account, and vacuum stability conditions are evaluated in detail. It is found that this scenario can explain the discrepancy of ε

′

/ε

K
for the squark mass smaller than 5.6 TeV. We also show that the gluino contributions can amplify

$$ \mathrm{\mathcal{B}}\left(K\to \pi \nu \overline{\nu}\right) $$

ℬ

K
→
π
ν

ν
¯

, ℬ(K

S
 → μ
+
μ
−)eff and ΔA
CP(b → sγ). Such large effects could be measured in future experiments.
A note on $$ \mathfrak{g}{\mathfrak{l}}_2 $$-invariant Bethe vectors
Authors: Belliard S. , Slavnov N. A.
Published: April 2018

Abstract

We consider

$$ \mathfrak{g}{\mathfrak{l}}_2 $$

g

l
2

-invariant quantum integrable models solvable by the algebraic Bethe ansatz. We show that the form of on-shell Bethe vectors is preserved under certain twist transformations of the monodromy matrix. We also derive the actions of the twisted monodromy matrix entries on the twisted off-shell Bethe vectors.
Fayet-Iliopoulos terms in supergravity without gauged R-symmetry
Authors: Cribiori Niccolò , Farakos Fotis , Tournoy Magnus , Van Proeyen Antoine
Published: April 2018

Abstract

We construct a supergravity-Maxwell theory with a novel embedding of the Fayet-Iliopoulos D-term, leading to spontaneous supersymmetry breaking. The gauging of the R-symmetry is not required and a gravitino mass is allowed for a generic vacuum. When matter couplings are introduced, an uplift through a positive definite contribution to the scalar potential is obtained. We observe a notable similarity to the$$ \overline{D}3 $$D¯3uplift constructions and we give a natural description in terms of constrained multiplets.
On interference and non-interference in the SMEFT
Authors: Helset Andreas , Trott Michael
Published: April 2018

Abstract

We discuss interference in the limit

$$ {\widehat{m}}_W^2/s\to 0 $$

m
^

W
2

/
s
→
0

in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT). Dimension six operators that contribute to

$$ \overline{\psi}\psi \to \overline{\psi}{\prime}_1\psi {\prime}_2\overline{\psi}{\prime}_3\psi {\prime}_4 $$

ψ
¯

ψ
→

ψ
¯

′
1

ψ

′
2

ψ
¯

′
3

ψ

′
4

scattering events can experience a suppression of interference effects with the Standard Model in this limit. This occurs for subsets of phase space in some helicity configurations. We show that approximating these scattering events by 2 → 2 on-shell scattering results for intermediate unstable gauge bosons, and using the narrow width approximation, can miss interference terms present in the full phase space. Such interference terms can be uncovered using off-shell calculations as we explicitly show and calculate. We also study the commutation relation between the SMEFT expansion and the narrow width approximation, and discuss some phenomenological implications of these results.
Quantum SU(2|1) supersymmetric Calogero-Moser spinning systems
Authors: Fedoruk Sergey , Ivanov Evgeny , Lechtenfeld Olaf , Sidorov Stepan
Published: April 2018

Abstract

SU(2|1) supersymmetric multi-particle quantum mechanics with additional semi-dynamical spin degrees of freedom is considered. In particular, we provide an

$$ \mathcal{N}=4 $$

N
=
4

supersymmetrization of the quantum U(2) spin Calogero-Moser model, with an intrinsic mass parameter coming from the centrally-extended superalgebra

$$ \widehat{su}\left(2\Big|1\right) $$

s
u

^

2
|
1

. The full system admits an SU(2|1) covariant separation into the center-of-mass sector and the quotient. We derive explicit expressions for the classical and quantum SU(2|1) generators in both sectors as well as for the total system, and we determine the relevant energy spectra, degeneracies, and the sets of physical states.
Charged chiral fermions from M5-branes
Authors: Lambert Neil , Owen Miles
Published: April 2018

Abstract

We study M5-branes wrapped on a multi-centred Taub-NUT space. Reducing to String Theory on theS1fibration leads to D4-branes intersecting with D6-branes. D-braneology shows that there are additional charged chiral fermions from the open strings which stretch between the D4-branes and D6-branes. From the M-theory point of view the appearance of these charged states is mysterious as the M5-branes are wrapped on a smooth manifold. In this paper we show how these states arise in the M5-brane worldvolume theory and argue that are governed by a WZWN-like model where the topological term is five-dimensional.
Hairy black holes and duality in an extended supergravity model
Authors: Anabalón Andrés , Astefanesei Dumitru , Gallerati Antonio , Trigiante Mario
Published: April 2018

Abstract

We consider a D = 4,

$$ \mathcal{N}=2 $$

N
=
2

gauged supergravity with an electromagnetic Fayet-Iliopoulos term. We restrict to the uncharged, single dilaton consistent truncation and point out that the bulk Lagrangian is self-dual under electromagnetic duality. Within this truncation, we construct two families of exact hairy black hole solutions, which are asymptotically AdS
4. When a duality transformation is applied on these solutions, they are mapped to two other inequivalent families of hairy black hole solutions. The mixed boundary conditions of the scalar field correspond to adding a triple-trace operator to the dual field theory action. We also show that this truncation contains all the consistent single dilaton truncations of gauged

$$ \mathcal{N}=8 $$

N
=
8

supergravity with a possible ω-deformation.
Super Secondary Structure Consisting of a Polyproline II Helix and a β-Turn in Leucine Rich Repeats in Bacterial Type III Secretion System Effectors
Authors: Batkhishig Dashdavaa , Bilguun Khurelbaatar , Enkhbayar Purevjav , Miyashita Hiroki , Kretsinger Robert H. , Matsushima Norio
Published: April 2018

Leucine rich repeats (LRRs) are present in over 100,000 proteins from viruses to eukaryotes. The LRRs are 20–30 residues long and occur in tandem. LRRs form parallel stacks of short β-strands and then assume a super helical arrangement called a solenoid structure. Individual LRRs are separated into highly conserved segment (HCS) with the consensus of LxxLxLxxNxL and variable segment (VS). Eight classes have been recognized. Bacterial LRRs are short and characterized by two prolines in the VS; the consensus is xxLPxLPxx with Nine residues (N-subtype) and xxLPxxLPxx with Ten residues (T-subtype). Bacterial LRRs are contained in type III secretion system effectors such as YopM, IpaH3/9.8, SspH1/2, and SlrP from bacteria. Some LRRs in decorin, fribromodulin, TLR8/9, and FLRT2/3 from vertebrate also contain the motifs. In order to understand structural features of bacterial LRRs, we performed both secondary structures assignments using four programs—DSSP-PPII, PROSS, SEGNO, and XTLSSTR—and HELFIT analyses (calculating helix axis, pitch, radius, residues per turn, and handedness), based on the atomic coordinates of their crystal structures. The N-subtype VS adopts a left handed polyproline II helix (PPII) with four, five or six residues and a type I β-turn at theC-terminal side. Thus, the N-subtype is characterized by a super secondary structure consisting of a PPII and a β-turn. In contrast, the T-subtype VS prefers two separate PPIIs with two or three and two residues. The HELFIT analysis indicates that the type I β-turn is a right handed helix. The HELFIT analysis determines three unit vectors of the helix axes of PPII (P), β-turn (B), and LRR domain (A). Three structural parameters using these three helix axes are suggested to characterize the super secondary structure and the LRR domain.
K-wire migration to unexpected site
Authors: Irianto Komang Agung , Edward Moulli , Fiandana Angga
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT

Kirschner wire migration is a notorious incident in orthopedic surgery. Efforts to avoid it was carried out by several standard procedures, including bending the wire and reporting the cases all around the world in many journals. Nevertheless, the incident still happens, and some include symptoms that amazed doctors as to how the wire travelled.

We reported a migration of forgotten wire to contra lateral region presented as corpus alienum of the lung in a 34-year-old woman after distal clavicular fracture surgery three years previously. We also reported a migrating wire fragment after a fall accident in sport activity of a 28-year-old male; which travelled from clavicular region to cervical 6–7 region in 4 days. Both cases were successfully managed without extravagant surgery or serious damage, helped by meticulous history taking, physical examination, precise imaging, and prompt management. These cases render lessons and discussion for further understanding of the wire migration and the exact protocol in handling K-wire patient.

Highlights:
Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) applied in dentistry
Authors: Huang Ta‐Ko , Yang Chi‐Hsun , Hsieh Yu‐Hsin , Wang Jen‐Chyan , Hung Chun‐Cheng
Published: April 2018

The OSCE is a reliable evaluation method to estimate the preclinical examination of dental students. The most ideal assessment for OSCE is used the augmented reality simulator to evaluate. This literature review investigated a recently developed in virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) starting of the dental history to the progress of the dental skill. As result of the lacking of technology, it needs to depend on other device increasing the success rate and decreasing the risk of the surgery. The development of tracking unit changed the surgical and educational way. Clinical surgery is based on mature education. VR and AR simultaneously affected the skill of the training lesson and navigation system. Widely, the VR and AR not only applied in the dental training lesson and surgery, but also improved all field in our life.
Requirements for the performance of a ground-penetrating radar system in searching for cavities
Authors: Volkomirskaya L.B. , Gulevich O.A. , Varenkov V.V. , Sakhterov V.I.
Published: April 2018

The requirements for the performance of a ground-penetrating radar (GPR) system for detecting subsurface cavities are analyzed by numerical modeling of the GPR problem. The algorithm used to solve the forward GPR problem is approximated to a real experiment with regard to the design of the GPR system, the parameters of the source and receiver, and their position relative to the medium under study and its inhomogeneity. We calculated the spatiotemporal distribution of the field of the detected signal from a pulse source located at the interface between the medium and a cavity anomaly of a given geometry. The results were used to estimate the dynamic range of the GPR system necessary for determining the anomaly. We also performed GPR surveys of low-contrast inhomogeneities (cavities in mines) using GROT 12 GPR systems and analyzed the survey results by numerical modeling. It is shown that the GPR performance required to detect and locate inhomogeneities of interest at a certain sounding depth can be estimated in the experiment design phase.
Characteristics of hydrothermal-structure-controlled fracture–vug dolomite reservoir and its influence on oil–water distribution: Lower Cretaceous, Baiyinchagan sag, Erlian Basin, North China
Authors: Lei Zhicheng , Hu Wangshui , Xu Huaimin , Xu Bo , Cao Chun , Cheng Chao , Zhu Qulei
Published: April 2018

Fractures and vugs were used as the primary dolomite reservoir space in the study area, which improved the reservoir’s physical properties and influenced the distribution pattern of oil and water that were developed in the Upper Tenger Formation, Lower Cretaceous, Baiyinchagan sag, Erlian Basin. Based on the core observation data, thin slice analysis, and image logging, the cave-fractured reservoir was primarily developed in the actic region near the side of a depositional fault. Tectonic and diagenetic fractures were the primary types of fractures. High-angle tectonic fractures in the closure and open status were developed well in dolomitic mudstone, while a low-angle fracture and reticulate fractures were developed in the tectonic-hydrothermal hybrid process and were filled with hydrothermal minerals. The reservoir was located in low-lying land; therefore, detrital grain pressolution fractures were formed by burial diagenesis. Intergranular and intrangranular dissolved pores, which were formed by hydrothermal activity, were developed primarily in the highly dolomite lithology. According to the diagenesis temperature of dolomite from a carbon–oxygen isotope analysis, multiple hydrothermal fluid injection events occurred, and dolomitization ensued before massive hydrocarbon migration. The dissolution of organic acids formed by hydrocarbon charges after dolomitization and inorganic acid produced by burial diagenesis for soluble minerals effectively promoted the reservoir properties. Strong heterogeneity due to lithology and fracture–vug systems led to intricate oil–water relationships. Four statuses occurred, including cave-fracture oil, isolated oil, stored oil, isolated water, and stored water. The oil–water distribution patterns were established based on the core observation.
Structure of the Zeya block of Toko Stanovik according to results of magnetotelluric sounding
Authors: Kaplun V.B.
Published: April 2018

The paper describes the results of magnetotelluric sounding (MTS) carried out in the Zeya block of the Stanovoi megablock, in the area of its junction with the Aldan Shield. The border between them runs along the Stanovoi fault. Based on the results of interpretation of MTS curves and the gravity, magnetic, and geological data, geological/geophysical sections have been constructed to a depth of 7 km along two ~ 20 km long profiles running across the Stanovoi fault. About 1 km thick and approximately 2 km long conductivity zone has been distinguished beneath the Okonon plateau of Quaternary basalts with electrical resistivity of < 100 Ohm·m. This anomaly is associated with ore mineralization in Early Proterozoic gabbro intrusion. A 3D density modeling was performed. High-density bodies of NW strike dip to the northeast to a depth of 25 km in the area of the Okonon basalt plateau.
WHAT EXPLAINS SPECIALTY COFFEE QUALITY SCORES AND PRICES: A CASE STUDY FROM THE CUP OF EXCELLENCE PROGRAM
Authors: TRAORE TOGO M. , WILSON NORBERT L.W. , FIELDS DEACUE
Published: April 2018

This study investigates the effects of material and symbolic quality attributes on the Cup of Excellence specialty coffee quality scores and prices. The estimates from the quality score equations suggest that material attributes are important determinants, but symbolic attributes have a greater explanatory power. The hedonic price estimations show that specialty coffee prices are mainly determined by symbolic attributes and market conditions such as the number of coffees in the auction. Overall, the study reveals that fruity, floral, sweet, spice, and sour acid are cuppers' and buyers' most favorite coffee flavors and aromas.
Predicting product co-consideration and market competitions for technology-driven product design: a network-based approach
Authors: Wang Mingxian , Sha Zhenghui , Huang Yun , Contractor Noshir , Fu Yan , Chen Wei
Published: April 2018

We propose a data-driven network-based approach to understand the interactions among technologies, products, and customers. Specifically, the approach enables both a qualitative understanding and a quantitative assessment of the impact of technological changes on customers’ co-consideration behaviors (decision of cross-shopping) and as a consequence the product competitions. The uniqueness of the proposed approach is its capability of predicting complex co-consideration relations of products as a network where both descriptive analyses (e.g., network statistics and joint correspondence analysis) and predictive models (e.g., multiple regressions quadratic assignment procedure) are employed. The integrated network analysis approach features three advantages: (1) It provides an effective visual representation of the underlying market structures; (2) It facilitates the evaluation of the correlation between customers’ consideration preferences and product attributes as well as customer demographics; (3) It enables the prediction of market competitions in response to potential technological changes. This paper demonstrates the proposed network-based approach in a vehicle design context. We investigate the impacts of the fuel economy-boosting technologies and the turbocharged engine technology on individual automakers as well as the entire auto industry. The case study provides vehicle engineers with insights into the change of market competitions brought by technological developments and thereby supports attribute decision-making in vehicle design.
Reduced Clostridium difficile Tests and Laboratory-Identified Events With a Computerized Clinical Decision Support Tool and Financial Incentive
Authors: Madden Gregory R. , German Mesner Ian , Cox Heather L. , Mathers Amy J. , Lyman Jason A. , Sifri Costi D. , Enfield Kyle B.
Published: April 2018

We hypothesized that a computerized clinical decision support tool for Clostridium difficile testing would reduce unnecessary inpatient tests, resulting in fewer laboratory-identified events. Census-adjusted interrupted time-series analyses demonstrated significant reductions of 41% fewer tests and 31% fewer hospital-onset C. difficile infection laboratory-identified events following this intervention.

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2018;39:737–740
Spectral evolution of weakly nonlinear random waves: kinetic description versus direct numerical simulations
Authors: Annenkov Sergei Y. , Shrira Victor I.
Published: April 2018

Kinetic equations are widely used in many branches of science to describe the evolution of random wave spectra. To examine the validity of these equations, we study numerically the long-term evolution of water wave spectra without wind input using three different models. The first model is the classical kinetic (Hasselmann) equation (KE). The second model is the generalised kinetic equation (gKE), derived employing the same statistical closure as the KE but without the assumption of quasistationarity. The third model, which we refer to as the DNS-ZE, is a direct numerical simulation algorithm based on the Zakharov integrodifferential equation, which plays the role of the primitive equation for a weakly nonlinear wave field. It does not employ any statistical assumptions. We perform a comparison of the spectral evolution of the same initial distributions without forcing, with/without a statistical closure and with/without the quasistationarity assumption. For the initial conditions, we choose two narrow-banded spectra with the same frequency distribution and different degrees of directionality. The short-term evolution ($O(10^{2})$ wave periods) of both spectra has been previously thoroughly studied experimentally and numerically using a variety of approaches. Our DNS-ZE results are validated both with existing short-term DNS by other methods and with available laboratory observations of higher-order moment (kurtosis) evolution. All three models demonstrate very close evolution of integral characteristics of the spectra, approaching with time the theoretical asymptotes of the self-similar stage of evolution. Both kinetic equations give almost identical spectral evolution, unless the spectrum is initially too narrow in angle. However, there are major differences between the DNS-ZE and gKE/KE predictions. First, the rate of angular broadening of initially narrow angular distributions is much larger for the gKE and KE than for the DNS-ZE, although the angular width does appear to tend to the same universal value at large times. Second, the shapes of the frequency spectra differ substantially (even when the nonlinearity is decreased), the DNS-ZE spectra being wider than the KE/gKE ones and having much lower spectral peaks. Third, the maximal rates of change of the spectra obtained with the DNS-ZE scale as the fourth power of nonlinearity, which corresponds to the dynamical time scale of evolution, rather than the sixth power of nonlinearity typical of the kinetic time scale exhibited by the KE. The gKE predictions fall in between. While the long-term DNS show excellent agreement with the KE predictions for integral characteristics of evolving wave spectra, the striking systematic discrepancies for a number of specific spectral characteristics call for revision of the fundamentals of the wave kinetic description.
OBEAH, VAGRANCY, AND THE BOUNDARIES OF RELIGIOUS FREEDOM: ANALYZING THE PROSCRIPTION OF “PRETENDING TO POSSESS SUPERNATURAL POWERS” IN THE ANGLOPHONE CARIBBEAN
Authors: Boaz Danielle N.
Published: April 2018

The practice of obeah, a term used to refer to a variety of African derived spiritual practices, remains proscribed in at least fourteen countries or territories in the Anglophone Caribbean today. This article examines the historical development of these laws and the significance of the continued prohibition of obeah. Although obeah laws were initially modeled on British statutes banning vagrancy and witchcraft, and were passed during a period when it was common for nations in the Western Hemisphere to prohibit the practice of African diaspora faiths, these statutes stand in stark contrast to the religious freedoms guaranteed in other parts of the Atlantic world in the twenty-first century. Obeah laws proscribe the mere performance of certain spiritual rituals, while other countries modified their policies in the mid-twentieth century to require evidence of intentional fraud and financial gain to convict occult practitioners. This article links the continued proscription of obeah to nineteenth century assertions that African peoples were animists and fetishists, as well as to long-standing hierarchies in the Western world placing theistic religions above those centered on spirit conjuring, divination, and the manipulation of supernatural forces.
Glacier calving observed with time-lapse imagery and tsunami waves at Glaciar Perito Moreno, Patagonia
Authors: MINOWA MASAHIRO , PODOLSKIY EVGENY A. , SUGIYAMA SHIN , SAKAKIBARA DAIKI , SKVARCA PEDRO
Published: April 2018

Calving plays a key role in the recent rapid retreat of glaciers around the world. However, many processes related to calving are poorly understood since direct observations are scarce and challenging to obtain. When calving occurs at a glacier front, surface-water waves arise over the ocean or a lake in front of glaciers. To study calving processes from these surface waves, we performed field observations at Glaciar Perito Moreno, Patagonia. We synchronized time-lapse photography and surface waves record to confirm that glacier calving produces distinct waves compared with local noise. A total of 1074 calving events were observed over the course of 39 d. During austral summer, calving occurred twice more frequently than in spring. The cumulative distribution of calving-interevent time interval followed exponential model, implying random occurrence of events in time. We further investigated wave properties and found that source-to-sensor distance can be estimated from wave dispersion within ~20% error. We also found that waves produced by different calving types showed similar spectra in the same frequency range between 0.05–0.2 Hz, and that the amplitude of surface waves increased with the size of calving. This study demonstrates the potential of surface-wave monitoring for understanding calving processes.
How Domestic Firms Absorb Spillovers: A Routine-Based Model of Absorptive Capacity View
Authors: Tzeng Cheng-Hua
Published: April 2018

Extant spillover literature explains domestic firms' productivity change mainly by the presence and attributes of foreign direct investment. In contrary, this paper, by adopting a routine-based model of absorptive capacity, intends to explore how domestic firms absorb spillovers over time. Based on a qualitative study of a domestic firm in China's silicone adhesive industry, the findings show that unbounded by geographical constraints, domestic firms enact their external absorptive capacity routines to actively search for spillovers from multinational enterprises (MNEs) at both national and international levels. Moreover, rather than searching for what is available, domestic firms are selective for spillovers that are coherent with their business strategies. The most unexpected finding is that domestic firms diligently acquire spillovers from MNEs and from local competitors in combination. Spillovers acquired from local competitors are used to increase the inferential accuracy of spillovers acquired from MNEs about strategic successes. Further, instead of absorbing spillovers from MNEs which pose moderate technology gaps, domestic firms target at MNEs which exhibit wider technology gaps, and undertake organizational learning and develop complementary assets to enhance their internal absorptive capacity routines. Socially enabling mechanisms are found to facilitate domestic firms' absorption of spillovers by employee turnover.
Genetic polymorphisms of key enzymes in folate metabolism affect the efficacy of folate therapy in patients with hyperhomocysteinaemia
Authors: Du Binghui , Tian Huizi , Tian Dandan , Zhang Chengda , Wang Wenhua , Wang Lianke , Ge Mengying , Hou Quanliang , Zhang Weidong
Published: April 2018

The aim of this study is to analyse the efficacy rate of folate for the treatment of hyperhomocysteinaemia (HHcy) and to explore how folate metabolism-related gene polymorphisms change its efficacy. This study also explored the effects of gene–gene and gene–environment interactions on the efficacy of folate. A prospective cohort study enrolling HHcy patients was performed. The subjects were treated with oral folate (5 mg/d) for 90 d. We analysed the efficacy rate of folate for the treatment of HHcy by measuring homocysteine (Hcy) levels after treatment. Unconditioned logistic regression was conducted to analyse the association between SNP and the efficacy of folic acid therapy for HHcy. The efficacy rate of folate therapy for HHcy was 56·41 %. The MTHFR rs1801133 CT genotype, TT genotype and T allele; the MTHFR rs1801131 AC genotype, CC genotype and C allele; the MTRR rs1801394 GA genotype, GG genotype and G allele; and the MTRR rs162036 AG genotype and AG+GG genotypes were associated with the efficacy of folic acid therapy for HHcy (P<0·05). No association was seen between other SNP and the efficacy of folic acid. The optimal model of gene–gene interactions was a two-factor interaction model including rs1801133 and rs1801394. The optimal model of gene–environment interaction was a three-factor interaction model including history of hypertension, history of CHD and rs1801133. Folate supplementation can effectively decrease Hcy level. However, almost half of HHcy patients failed to reach the normal range. The efficacy of folate therapy may be genetically regulated.
Dietary patterns and cardiometabolic risk factors among adolescents: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cunha Carla de Magalhães , Costa Priscila R. F. , de Oliveira Lucivalda P. M. , Queiroz Valterlinda A. de O. , Pitangueira Jacqueline C. D. , Oliveira Ana Marlúcia
Published: April 2018

This study systematised and synthesised the results of observational studies that were aimed at supporting the association between dietary patterns and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) factors among adolescents. Relevant scientific articles were searched in PUBMED, EMBASE, SCIENCE DIRECT, LILACS, WEB OF SCIENCE and SCOPUS. Observational studies that included the measurement of any CMR factor in healthy adolescents and dietary patterns were included. The search strategy retained nineteen articles for qualitative analysis. Among retained articles, the effects of dietary pattern on the means of BMI (n 18), waist circumference (WC) (n 9), systolic blood pressure (n 7), diastolic blood pressure (n 6), blood glucose (n 5) and lipid profile (n 5) were examined. Systematised evidence showed that an unhealthy dietary pattern appears to be associated with poor mean values of CMR factors among adolescents. However, evidence of a protective effect of healthier dietary patterns in this group remains unclear. Considering the number of studies with available information, a meta-analysis of anthropometric measures showed that dietary patterns characterised by the highest intake of unhealthy foods resulted in a higher mean BMI (0·57 kg/m²; 95 % CI 0·51, 0·63) and WC (0·57 cm; 95 % CI 0·47, 0·67) compared with low intake of unhealthy foods. Controversially, patterns characterised by a low intake of healthy foods were associated with a lower mean BMI (−0·41 kg/m²; 95 % CI −0·46,−0·36) and WC (−0·43 cm; 95 % CI −0·52,−0·33). An unhealthy dietary pattern may influence markers of CMR among adolescents, but considering the small number and limitations of the studies included, further studies are warranted to strengthen the evidence of this relation.
Judicial Support for Arbitration in Nigeria: On Interpretation of Aspects of Nigeria's Arbitration and Conciliation Act
Authors: Bamodu ’Gbenga
Published: April 2018

The quality of judicial support and respect for the principle of minimum intervention are crucial factors in assessing whether a jurisdiction is attractive for arbitration. While there have been efforts to present Nigeria as an arbitration-friendly jurisdiction and an attractive arbitration venue, questions remain about the adequacy, effectiveness and certainty of legal rules concerning arbitration in Nigeria. There are also questions about the quality and efficiency of judicial support for arbitration in light of some judicial decisions affecting arbitration that have generated controversy. Through a careful analysis of key statutory provisions and judicial decisions, this article analyses support for arbitration in Nigeria in respect of selected topics, including party autonomy, upholding arbitration agreements (especially concerning the stay of judicial proceedings), the stay of arbitration proceedings and third party intervention. The article identifies scope for improvement in statutory and judicial approaches. It makes suggestions concerning both judicial approaches and reform of the statutory regimes.
Gametogony ofEimeria macusaniensisGuerrero, Hernandez, Bazalar and Alva, 1971 in llama (Lama glama)
Authors: Dubey J P.
Published: April 2018

Camelids (llama, alpaca, vicunãs, guanacos) are important for the economy of South America andEimeriainfections are an important cause of mortality in camelids. Of the six species ofEimeriain camelids,Eimeria macusaniensis, considered the most pathogenic, is distinctive; its oocysts are the largest among allEimeriaspecies in animals, its prepatent period is more than 1 month, and its oocysts have been found in mummies from prehistoric times. Although,E. macusaniensisgametogonic stages are found associated with enteritis in naturally infected camelids, the schizogonic stages are unknown and clinical disease has been reported in some camelids with no oocysts in feces. Described herein are morphological details of gametogonic development and oocyst formation ofE. macusaniensisin a naturally infected llama (Lama lama), solely infected with this parasite. Microgamonts, macrogamonts and oocysts were located in large (up to 300µm diameter) parasitophorous vacuoles of enterocytes in the ileum. Schizonts were not found. Review of previous reports suggests that multinucleated microgamonts have been mistaken for schizonts. Gametogonic development described in the present study can serve as a guide for differential diagnosis ofEimeriaspecies in the histological sections of intestines.
PREOPERATIVE MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING DIAGNOSTIC FEATURES OF UTERINE LEIOMYOSARCOMAS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Kaganov Helen , Ades Alex , Fraser David Stuart
Published: April 2018

Objectives:There are no current established pathognomonic diagnostic features for uterine leiomyosarcomas in the pre- or perioperative setting. Recent inadvertent upstaging of this rare malignancy during laparoscopic morcellation of a presumed fibroid has prompted widespread debate among clinicians regarding the safety of current surgical techniques for management of fibroids. This study aims to conduct a systematic review investigating significant diagnostic features in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of uterine leiomyosarcomas.

Methods:A comprehensive database search was conducted guided by PRISMA recommendations for peer-reviewed publications to November 2017. Parameters available in MRI were compared for reliability and accuracy of diagnosis of leiomyosarcomas. A decision tree algorithm classifier model was constructed to investigate whether T1 and T2 MRI signal intensities are useful indicators.

Results:Nine eligible studies were identified for analysis. There appears to be a significant relationship between histopathological type and T1 and T2 intensity signals (p< .05). A decision tree model analyzing T1 and T2 signal intensity readings supports this trend, with a diagnostic specificity of 77.78 percent for uterine leiomyosarcomas. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were not observed to have a significant relationship with tumor pathology (p= .18).

Conclusions:Various studies have investigated pre- and perioperative techniques in differentiating uterine leiomyosarcoma from benign fibroids. Given the rarity of the malignancy and lack of pathognomonic diagnostic parameters, there is difficulty in establishing definitive criteria. A decision tree model is proposed to aid diagnosis based on MRI signal intensities.