bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Meta-Analysis The Effect of Maternal Obesity on the Risk of Premature Birth and Neonatal Death
Authors: Wulandari Fitria , Budihastuti Uki Retno , Pamungkasari Eti Poncorini
Published: April 2022

Background: The prevalence of obesity in women of reproductive age worldwide is increasing by an estimated 20-36%. Increased prevalence of obesity also occurs in pregnant women. Obesity increases the risk of poor pregnancy outcome. This study aims to investigate the effect of maternal obesity on preterm birth and neonatal mortality.
Subjects and Method: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis. The articles used were obtained from several databases, including: Google Scholar, Science Direct, Springer Link, Proquest, and Scopus published from 2010 to 2021. The population in this study was pregnant women with an intervention in the form of obesity, comparison in the form of normal BMI, and outcome such as premature birth and neonatal death. The keywords used to search for articles were: (“maternal obesity” OR “maternal BMI”) AND (“premature birth” OR “preterm birth” OR “preterm delivery” OR “preterm labor”) AND (“neonatal mortality” OR “ neonatal death”) AND “adjusted Odds Ratio”, and “maternal obesity” AND (“premature birth” OR “preterm birth” OR “preterm delivery”) AND (“neonatal mortality” OR “neonatal death”) AND “adjusted Odds Ratio ". The article is a full text article with a cross-sectional and cohort study design. Articles were collected using PRISMA flow diagrams and analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 . application.
Results:  There were 19 articles reviewed in the study. A meta-analysis of 13 cohort studies showed that obese pregnant women were 1.02 times more likely to have a premature birth when compared to normal BMI pregnant women, but this result was not statistically significant (aOR=1.02; 95% CI=0.93 to 1.13; p=0.630). A meta-analysis of 4 cohort studies showed that maternal obesity increased the risk of neonatal death and was statistically significant (aOR=1.52; 95% CI=1.17 to 1.99; p=0.002). A meta-analysis of 4 cross-sectional studies showed that maternal obesity increased the risk of neonatal death and was statistically significant (aOR=1.44; 95% CI=1.26 to 1.64; p<0.001).
Conclusion:  Maternal obesity increases the risk of neonatal death which is statistically significant and the risk of preterm birth which is not statistically significant.
Risk of Premature Birth in Pregnant Women Infected with COVID-19: A Meta Analysis
Authors: Purnasari Ratih Hermas , Dewi Yulia Lanti Retno , Murti Bhisma
Published: April 2022

Background: Pregnancy is a state of great susceptibility to infectious diseases, and it is not surprising that viral infections can affect pregnancy outcomes. COVID-19 infection during pregnancy is considered a risk factor for adverse outcomes such as, preterm delivery. This study aimed to analyze the risk of preterm delivery in pregnant women with COVID-19.
Subjects and Method: This study was conducted using a systematic review and meta-analysis. Article searches were conducted using electronic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus. The articles used are articles published from 2020-2021. The keywords used to retrieve the articles were: [(COVID-19 OR 2019-nCoV OR “novel coronavirus” OR SARS-CoV-2 OR “coronavirus 2”) AND (“preterm birth” OR preterm OR “preterm delivery”)] . The inclusion criteria used were full paper with observational studies (retrospective or prospective cohorts), multivariate analysis with Adjusted Odd Ratios (aOR), study subjects were pregnant women who were confirmed to be infected with COVID-19, comparison were pregnant women who were negative for COVID-19, outcome study was preterm birth (<37 weeks). The article search results are listed in the PRISMA diagram and analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 . application.
Results: A total of 10 articles from Iran, France, Bangladesh, Spain, the United States, Romania, the United Kingdom and China showed that the heterogeneity of the primary studies in the meta-analysis was low (I2= 4%; p= 0.40), therefore this study used a fixed effect model. The results showed that the risk of premature birth in pregnant women infected with COVID-19 was 2.18 times that of pregnant women not infected with COVID-19 (aOR=2.18; 95% CI=2.00 to 2.37) and statistically significant (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Higher risk of preterm birth in pregnant women with COVID-19.
Meta-Analysis the Effect of Sensory Integration Therapy on Sensoric and Motoric Development in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Fitriyaningsih Ayu , Dewi Yulia Lanti Retno , Adriani Rita Benya
Published: April 2022

Background: It is estimated that 90% of children diagnosed with ASD will show impaired sensory processing. Children with sensory processing problems present with delayed motor development which is caused by an underlying disorder in their ability to interpret sensations. Sensory integration therapy is one of the therapeutic methods to overcome sensory and motor problems. This study aims to estimate the effect of sensory integration therapy on sensory and motor development in children with autism spectrum disorders.Subjects and Method: This research was conducted using a systematic review study design and a meta-analysis conducted with PRISMA flow diagrams. The article search process was carried out between 2011-2021 using databases from PubMed, Science Direct, AJOT, Springer Link, and Google Scholar. The keywords used are “sensory integration” OR “sensory integration therapy” OR “ayres sensory integration” OR “sensory intervention” OR “sensory stimulation” AND “sensory processing” OR “sensory skills” OR “sensory system” AND “motor skills ” OR “motor develop­mental” AND “autism spectrum disorder” OR “autism”. Based on the database, there were 16 arti­cles that met the inclusion criteria. The study design used was a Randomized Control Trial (RCT). The analysis was carried out using RevMan 5.3 software.
Results: The meta-analysis is of 16 articles consisting of the continents of Asia, America, and Australia. Results showed that sensory integration therapy improved sensory development (SMD = 0.14; 95% CI -0.64 to 0.92; p = 0.73) and motor development (SMD = 0.42; 95% CI -0.27 to 1.11; p = 0.24).
Conclusion: Sensory integration therapy did not significantly improve sensory and motor development in children with autism spectrum disorders.
Anxiety and It's Relationship with Adherence to Visit Antenatal Care in Pregnant Women
Authors: Ainun Siti Zaimatul , Sari Gadis Meinar , Frety Endyka Erye
Published: April 2022

Background: Pregnant women were listed as one of the vulnerable groups at risk of being infected with COVID-19 due to physiological changes during pregnancy that result in a decrease in partial immunity. Anxiety experienced by pregnant women causes low compliance in conducting pregnancy tests. This study aims to determine the relationship between anxiety levels and antenatal care compliance in third trimester pregnant women.
Subjects and Method: This study used a correlation analytic design with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all third trimester pregnant women in Kebonrejo Hasmlet, Kebonrejo Village, Grati District, Pasuruan Regency in November 2021 as many as 37 people. The sampling technique in this research was total sampling. The research instrument used a questionnaire and MCH handbook. Data analysis using Chi-square test.Results: from 37 subjekts, almost all of them experienced mild anxiety, namely 29 subjekts (78.4%), and most of them did not comply with ANC, namely 25 subjects (67.6%).  The chi-square test show that there is a relation­ship between anxiety levels and ANC com­pli­ance in third trimester preg­nant women during the COVID-19 pande­mic (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Anxiety levels was associated with ANC compliance in third trimester pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The Effectiveness of Acupressure Points PC-6 and SP-3 on the Hyperemesis Gravidarum in Pregnant Women
Authors: Ria Matilda Bupu , Manek Brigita Dina
Published: April 2022

Background: Handling of nausea and vomiting in first trimester mothers (emesis gravidarum) is mostly still using pharmacological therapy, even though there is a simple event by using massage at acupuncture points to treat emesis gravidarum. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of PC-6 and SP-3 acupressure on emesis gravidarum in first trimester pregnant women.
Subjects and Method: This study is a quasi-experimental research design using a control group pretest-posttest design. The study was conducted in July-August 2021. The population in this study were all pregnant women who experienced nausea and vomiting in the 1st trimester in the Nurobo Health Center Work area, Malacca Regency. A total of 40 pregnant women in the 1st trimester were used as samples which were divided into 4 groups of 10 people each, namely group 1 (PC-6 acupressure), group 2 (SP-3 acupressure), group 3 (combination of PC-6 and SP-3 acupressure), and group 4 or control group (vitamin B6). The sample was selected by consecutive sampling technique. Data analysis using Wilcoxon Rank-Test and Paired T-Test.
Results: After intervention of accupressure in PC-6 point, SP-3 point, or combination of both PC-6 and SP-3 reduced frequency of vomiting and nausea and duration of nausea.
Conclusion: accupressure in PC-6 point, SP-3 point, or combination of both PC-6 and SP-3 reduce frequency of vomiting and nausea and duration of nausea in pregnant women.
Excess Weight Gain in Pregnant Women and Prematurity: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Damalita Annisa Fitriana , Dewi Yulia Lanti Retno , Budihastuti Uki Retno
Published: April 2022

Background: Premature birth as a cause of morbidity and mortality in neonates. Excessive weight gain in pregnant women is considered a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes including preterm birth. This study aims to analyze the effect of excess weight gain in pregnant women on premature birth.
Subjects and Method: This research is a systematic review and meta-analysis. Article searches were conducted using electronic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct and Springerlink. The articles used are articles published from 2011-2021. The keywords to search for articles were: “gestational weight gain” AND “pregnancy” AND (“preterm birth” OR “premature birth”) AND “cohort study” AND “adjusted odds ratio”. The inclusion criteria used were full text articles in English with a cohort study design, multivariate analysis with Adjusted Odds Ratios (aOR), research subjects were pregnant women, intervention was excessive weight gain, compa­rison was normal weight gain (adequate). , the study outcome was preterm delivery (<37 weeks). The article search results are listed in the PRISMA diagram and analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application.
Results: A total of 10 cohort study articles from China, Indonesia, Canada, Korea, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Saudi Arabia, and Taiwan were selected for systematic review and meta-analysis. The results showed that excess weight gain in pregnant women increased the risk of preterm birth and was statistically significant (aOR= 1.23; 95% CI= 1.01 to 1.48; p= 0.030).
Conclusion: Excess weight gain in pregnant women increases the risk of premature birth.
The Effect of Low Dose of Aspirin on the Preeclampsia in Pregnant Women: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Arianty Meike , Murti Bhisma , Budihastuti Uki Retno
Published: April 2022

Background: In 2020 there were 4,627 maternal deaths in Indonesia. Preeclampsia is a complica­tion in pregnancy that occurs 2-8% of all pregnancies and is a major cause of maternal morbidity. Low-dose aspirin has been shown to be a safe and effective primary prevention for the incidence of preeclampsia. With preventive measures can reduce both moral and material losses for patients at high risk for the incidence of preeclampsia. The purpose of this study was to estimate the magnitude of the effect of low-dose aspirin on the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant women based on previous research.
Subjects and Method: This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis. Article searches were conducted using electronic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Cochrane, Science Direct. The articles used are published articles from 2012-2022. The keywords used to search the article were “Aspirin OR Acetylsalicylic Acid AND Prevention AND Pre-Eclampsia OR Toxemia AND Randomized Controlled Trials”. The inclusion criteria used are articles with randomized control trial studies, full text articles are available, the results of the analysis used are Risk Ratio. The population of the study was high-risk pregnant women, the research intervention was the administration of low-dose aspirin, the study comparison was a placebo, and the outcome of the study was preeclampsia, the articles were in English or Indonesian. The article search results are listed in the PRISMA diagram and analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application.
Results: A total of 7 articles from China, America, India, Congo, Guatemala, Pakistan, and Finland showed that aspirin had an effect of 0.87 times in reducing the incidence of preeclampsia when compared with placebo or no administration (RR = 0.87; 95% CI 0.72 to 1.05). although not statistically significant (p=0.160).
Conclusion: Low-dose aspirin affects the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant women.
The Clustering Rice Plant Diseases Using Fuzzy C-Means and Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Faza Adhzima  , Yandra Arkeman  , Irman Hermadi
Published: April 2022

Rice is an agricultural sector that is very important for Indonesia's economy. The main problem with rice plants is pest and disease control which has a very dangerous impact as well as economic losses for farmers. The characteristics that are very visible on rice leaves have a greater area than other plant structures, rice leaves can be applied for early diagnosis of rice plant diseases. Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) and Genetic Algorithm-Fuzzy C-Means are the approaches employed (GA-FCM). The center of the cluster is obtained while adopting genetic algorithms for optimization. The primary dataset used in this research is Teaching Sawah Farm IPB, and the secondary dataset is UCI Rice Leaf Diseases. According to the results of the comparison the GA-FCM optimization results in a higher level of clustering precision with a 65% optimal cluster center point on the silhoutte coefficient value compared to just 60% for FCM. This research shows the results that the proposed method can add 5% accuracy to the clustering results in terms of identifying the types of rice plant diseases properly.
Interdisciplinary stock identification of North Atlantic porbeagle (Lamna nasus)
Authors:   NOAA Fisheries Northeast Fisheries Science Center, Haugen Janne , Skomal Gregory , Curtis Tobey ,   National Marine Fisheries Service, Cadrin Steven ,   University of Massachusetts Dartmouth
Published: April 2022

We conducted an interdisciplinary review of available information (i.e., genetics, life-history, and movement) to evaluate the stock structure of a previously targeted shark species, the porbeagle (Lamna nasus), in the North Atlantic. Most available information supports the conclusion that porbeagle consist of a single genetic population in the North Atlantic, which is relevant for determining species conservation status. However, the observed movement rates between the Northwest, Northeast Atlantic, and the Mediterranean appear to be low enough to consider separate spatial units for stock assessment and fishery management. The review reveals different interpretations among the organizations involved with the conservation, management, and assessments of porbeagle in the North Atlantic regarding biological population and stock boundaries. Differences in the spatial definition of management units among management organizations may pose an impediment to conserving porbeagle populations and achieving management objectives. We recommend an increased collaboration between organizations involved in highly migratory shark species as it would be beneficial for data collection, data inclusiveness, the robustness of assessments, and provide clarity for fishery managers, scientists, and the public on stocks and status. This review demonstrates that the interdisciplinary approach to stock identification is particularly valuable for data-limited species because no single approach typically has enough information to be definitive. Clearly defining management units that reflect the biological populations of porbeagle in the North Atlantic is expected to reduce uncertainty in stock assessments and help achieve current management and conservation goals of rebuilding North Atlantic porbeagle stocks.
SISTEM INFORMASI PERSEDIAN PADA SAYFULL ACCESSORIES LAMONGAN
Authors: Setyawan Bayu , Prasetyo Hadi
Published: April 2022

SayFull Accessories adalah sebuah usaha yang menjual berbagai macam produk Handphone, Modem, Router, Perdana Broadband, Mifi dan accessories lainnya juga seperti : Headset, Earphone, Flashdisk, SD Card, Softcase, Cable USB, Charger, dll. Usaha ini juga melayani grosir untuk counter-counter kecil yang ada di lamongan. Dalam proses pengelolaan persediaannya SayFull Accessories masih menggunakan sistem manual, semua transaksi barang masuk (pembelian dan retur penjualan) dan transaksi barang keluar (penjualan dan retur pembelian) dicatat di buku stok dan buku transaksi, seiring dengan bertambah banyaknya item barang dan volume transaksi yang terjadi, sering ditemukan terjadinya human error, diantaranya yaitu perbedaan jumlah persediaan yang ada di buku stok barang dan barang yang ada digudang, sehingga sering ditemukan ada barang dengan nama tertentu itu masih ada, tetapi di dalam buku stok barang tidak ada atau habis ataupun sebaliknya, hal ini mengakibatkan kehilangan kesempatan menjual barang tersebut, yang tentu saja kehilangan keuntungan. Kesalahan tersebut biasanya baru diketahui saat melakukan stok opname yang dilakukan 2 minggu sekali. Untuk mengurangi resiko kerugian yang lebih besar maka perlu dibuat sebuah sistem informasi persediaan yang berbasis computer. Metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini diawali dengan melakukan observasi, studi dokumen, wawancara dengan pegawai dan pemilik SayFull Accessories, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan melakukan analisis, desain sistem, penulisan program dan pengujian. Selain dapat mempermudah kasir dalam menangani transaksi dengan customer dan supplier, sistem informasi persediaan ini diharapkan dapat membantu SayFull Accessories dalam pengelolaan persediaan sehingga dapat mengurangi resiko terjadinya kerugian yang lebih besar. Kata kunci : Transaksi, Buku Stok, Persediaan
ANALISA KEHANDALAN JARINGAN VSAT IP MENGGUNAKAN METODE QUALITY OF SERVICE (STUDI KASUS TELKOM INDONESIA DIVISI REGIONAL 5)
Authors: Balfaqih Mochammad Reza , Febriyati Nur Ahlina , Sapuguh Iman
Published: April 2022

Satelit merupakan alternatif teknologi komunikasi yang dapat diterapkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan komunikasi pada daerah dengan kondisi geogafis kepulauan. Salah satu sistem komunikasi satelit yang telah ada saat ini adalah VSAT IP. VSAT IP menerapkan teknologi TDM/TDMA dengan IP sebagai protokol komunikasi. Sebuah Hub station yang menjadi sentral dalam jaringan telekomunikasi bertopologi star terhubung ke beberapa Remote station menggunakan bandwith satelit yang di-share untuk beberapa Remote station. Beberapa parameter yang digunakan untuk mengetahui kehandalan dari VSAT IP diantaranya adalah delay, data rate dan service level. Kehandalan sistem komunikasi VSAT IP PT Telkom ini mencapai 99.92%. Nilai tersebut merupakan hasil perhitungan dari service levelnya, dan hasilnya sudah melebihi dari standar yang telah ditetapkan PT Telkom yaitu sebesar 99%. Namun demikian komunikasi VSAT IP mempunyai delay yang tinggi. Delay yang didapat mencapai 1442 ms dan data rate outroute yang dihasilkan sebesar 500 kbps. Proses pengiriman paket data yang panjang menyebabkan waktu pemrosesan dan transmisi data antar perangkat juga semakin lama. Dengan nilai delay dan data rate sebesar itu VSAT IP masih bisa melayani komuniksai data dengan baik, hal itu dikarenakan pada VSAT IP terdapat fitur TCP spoofing dan ACK Reduction. Sebuah sistem jaringan yang handal akan dapat melayani semua lalu lintas data baik dalam keadaan tinggi maupun rendah. Kata Kunci : Komunikasi Satelit, VSAT IP, Delay, Data Rate, Service Level
MENGANALISA PERBEDAAN PERHITUNGAN JARAK IDEAL PADA TAHAPAN METODE TECHNIQUE FOR ORDER PREFERENCE BY SIMILARITY TO IDEAL SOLUSTION
Authors: Churniawan Agus Dwi
Published: April 2022

Memodifikasi metode multiple atribut decision making adalah suatu tantangan untuk mendapatkan hasil perhitungan perangkingan sesuai dengan harapan, salah satu metodenya adalah Metode Technique For Order Preference By Similarity To Ideal Solustion yang di modifikasi pada tahapan perhitungan ideal positif dan negative dengan menerapkan perhitungan Euclidean, Square, Manhattan, Canberra, Chebychev dan Bray Curtis diharapkan memberikan hasil yang berbeda. Dari penelitian ini di dapatkan nila perbedaan yaitu bila hasil perangkingan memiliki perbedaan besar antara alternatif di sarankan menngunakan metode camberra, namun bila hasil perangkingan diharapkan memiliki perbedaan kecil antara alternatif menggunakan metode braycurtis Kata Kunci: Aplikasi, web, Jangkauan Pasar, Tracking, Filter, CV Samaco
High-quality variety of soft spring wheat Omskaya 44 for the conditions of Western Siberia and Omsk region
Authors: Belan I. A. , Rosseeva L. P. , Grigoriev Yu. P. , Pakhotina I. V.
Published: April 2022

In 2015-2018 in the conditions of the Omsk region, a comprehensive assessment of the promising breeding material of soft spring wheat was carried out. A mid-ripening variety of soft spring wheat Omskaya 44 with a complex of adaptivevaluable properties and traits for cultivation in the forest-steppe zone of the Omsk region has been prepared for the state variety testing. Variety Omskaya 44 created by the method of intraspecific hybridization and directional individual selection from the hybrid population Lutescens 248/97-11 x Omskaya 38 (k-65566, Russia) was sent for the State Variety Testing carried out in 9, 10 and 11 regions of the Russian Federation in 2019. The purpose of the research was to evaluate the results of various types of tests of a new variety of soft spring wheat Omskaya 44 in the conditions of the Omsk region. The variety is high-yielding, of mid-season type, the growing season is 88 days, the average yield over the years of research in competitive variety testing is 4.47 t/ha, which exceeds the standard variety Duet by 1.51 t/ha (LSD05 = 0.33 t/ha), the maximum yield is 5.69 t/ha. The results of the production test showed that when sowing fallow, in 2018-2021 the yield was 4.65 t/ha on the average, for the standard variety Duet - 3.02 t/ha (LSD05 = 0.29 t/ha), after cereals − 3.43 t/ha, for the standard variety − 2.67 t/ha (LSD05 = 0.27 t/ha). The new variety Omskaya 44 significantly exceeded the Duet standard and the best variety in the forest-steppe zone Omskaya 38 in terms of yield. The parameters of ecological plasticity of the new variety have been studied: linearity regression coefficient bi = 1.13, stability factor sd2 = 0.25. The basic components of commercial value of the new variety Omskaya 44 are high and stable yield, resistance to leaf diseases and the formation of high-quality grain at the level of strong wheat. In 2021 the variety Omskaya 44 was included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements approved for use in the forest-steppe zone of the Omsk region.
Promising soybean breeding lines of the northern ecotype for developing forage crops
Authors: Fadeev A. A. , Fadeeva M. F. , Nikiforova I. I. , Ivanova I. Y.
Published: April 2022

The article presents the results of comparative assessment of soybean breeding lines of the northern ecotype for selection of the most promising ones for developing forage varieties suited for cultivation in mixed crops. The studies were carried out in 2018-2021 in the conditions of the Chuvash Republic on gray forest heavy loamy soil. The experiment included four soybean lines in comparison with the SibNIIK 315 standard recommended for growing in the Volga-Vyatka region. The crops were evaluated according to the dynamics of accumulation of aboveground biomass during the phases of formation and filling of beans. Based on the results of a 4-year observation period, correlations between the productivity of soybean lines of the northern ecotype with weather factors have been established. It has been revealed that the yield of aboveground mass during the phases of formation and filling of beans depended mostly on atmospheric precipitation (r = -0.49…-0.86). It has been established, that breeding lines No. 314 and No. 320 of middle early and mid-season ripening period had rather high productivity. The yield of green mass in single-crop sowings was 39.7 t/hа in line No. 314 and 36.7 t/hа in line No. 320 that 1.5 times exceeded the standard variety. The selected lines are worth noting and according to bush architectonics are rather high (90- 91 cm), foliate (46-44 %), branched, nutate plants.
Blue lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) ‒ the results of varieties and accessions study according to adaptivity and a set of commercialbiological traits
Authors: Ageeva P. A. , Potchutina N. A. , Gromova O. M. , Zaytseva N. M.
Published: April 2022

Cultivation of grain legumes including blue lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) is an important reserve for increase of high protein feed production. The aim of the research is to find perspective blue lupin varieties and accessions according to yield, adaptivity, the duration of vegetation period and biochemical indices in south-western area of the Central part of Russia. In 2019-2021 six blue lupin varieties and four accessions developed in the All-Russian Lupin Scientific Research Institute have been tested in competitive variety trial (Vityas was standard variety). The trials were laid on sod-podzolic, loamy soil with the moderate fertility level. The average grain yield of varieties in the trial was 2.07 t/ha, of standard variety – 1.85 t/ha. The varieties Bryansky kormovoy, Uzkolistny 53 and accessions BSv 51-19, USN 53-236 and SBS 56-15 had the highest grain yield. Their grain productivity varied from 2.17 to 2.29 t/ha. Statistically significant increase to the standard was 0.32-0.44 t/ha. The accessions BSv 51-19 and USN 53-236 had the maximum grain yield by adaptivity coefficient of 110%. According to the green mass yield and adaptivity Bryansky kormovoy and new promising accessions SBS 56-15, USN 53-236 and BSv 51-19 have been noted: the increase to the standard according to the green mass yield was 5.0-7.0 t/ha, the adaptivity coefficient was 104-110%. By the duration of vegetation period (80-89 days) all varieties and accessions were included into the group of early-ripening. The new tall variety Belorozovy 144 had the longest vegetation period (89 days). According to the alkaloid content in the grain (0.031-0.063 %) all tested varieties and accessions were included into the low-alkaloid group. The varieties Smena, Uzkolistny 53 and the accession SBS 56-15 were characterized by stable low index (0.031-0.039 %). The content of raw protein in the seeds of tested varieties and accessions of blue lupin varied in the range of 32.0-33.8%. According to the set of positive traits, Bryansky kormovoy variety and accessions USN 53-236 and SBS 56-15 have been noted.
Comparative analysis of methods of assessing spring soft wheat for resistance to Parastagonospora nodorum and search for sources of a trait for breeding
Authors: Kharina A. V. , Sheshegova T. K.
Published: April 2022

In the conditions of Kirov region (2017-2021), 67 varieties of spring soft wheat were studied according to the degree of resistance to Septoria leaf blotch in the field against the background of the natural development of infection. Under laboratory conditions, the reaction of these wheat varieties to the pathogen was evaluated at the beginning of plant ontogenesis (juvenile resistance) in two experiments: assessment in the development phase of 2-3 leaves (roll culture) and evaluation of a trait on cut-off leaves. For inoculation of plants, local strains ofР. nodorumwere used. They were isolated from the affected leaves of spring soft wheat in the phase of milk-wax ripeness. All isolates have been identified by PCR as belonging to the species ofР. nodorum. The validity of using laboratory methods of plant inoculation byР. nodorumfor mass assessment of the gene pool and purposeful search for wheat genotypes resistant to Septoria is based on a reliable (at P≥0.95) correlation (r = 0.57) of resistance at the beginning of ontogenesis and in adult plants. Varieties belonging to one and the same groups in terms of resistance and susceptibility have an even closer relationship (r = 0.69; r = 0.71). It has been established that with an increase in the degree of affection at the beginning of ontogenesis, the biomass of the plant significantly (r = -0.68) decreases, on average by 28 % in the assortment. Of particular interest for breeding of spring wheat are varieties with the most favorable combination of low infection rate and resistance to Septoria leaf blotch during ontogenesis. These varieties include: Turinskaya, Egisar 29 (Russia), Mian Yong No.1, Yan Shi 4, Jin Mai 71 (China), SSL 25-26, SSL 84-85, UL Alta Blanca (USA).
Territorial hunting management: problems of strategic planning and law regulation
Authors: Grebnev I. A.
Published: April 2022

The article analyzes the problems of territorial hunting management in the Russian Federation. The subjects of the analysis were regulations of federal legal acts controlling the organization and conduct of strategic planning in the Russian Federation, the organization and conduct of territorial hunting management, as well as 60 approved and publicly available schemes for the placement, use and protection of hunting resources on the territory of the subject of the Russian Federation. During the study there were used general scientific research methods, as well as formal-legal, comparative-legal, technical-legal research methods and the method of legal modeling. It is shown that there are a number of systemic problems of state management of the hunting sphere and the storage of hunting resources that negatively affect the regional strategic planning of hunting nature management. Examples of typical and reproducible in different variations in the regions defects of regional hunting planning are given. A set of measures to improve the organizational and legal mechanism of territorial hunting management is proposed: firstly, the author substantiates the need to compile such documents only within the framework of scientific research; secondly, the expediency of fixing the regulations on the presence of elements of adaptive management in the documents of territorial hunting management at the federal level is shown; thirdly, the need for mandatory public and professional discussion of the draft document of territorial hunting management at the stage of acceptance of work is indicated; fourthly, it is recommended to increase the level of involvement of hunters, hunting users and other interested parties in the field of hunting nature management into the process of approving and implementing sectoral development plans, including by granting full powers to state authorities of the subjects of the Russian Federation in the formation of a regional component of hunting agreements.
Results of research of the combined seeder for strip sowing of grasses into sod
Authors: Sysuev V. A. , Demshin S. L. , Gaididei S. V.
Published: April 2022

The development of ecological agriculture has aroused interest to the technology of increasing the productivity of natural forage lands, which consists in strip sowing of grasses with mechanical tillage in the sod of strips, the size of which ensures the successful development of seedlings without the use of chemicals. Several models of seeders SDK have been developed and mass-produced to implement this technology. A further development of this type of machines is the creation of a mounted seeder SDK-2.8M, intended for direct strip sowing of grass seeds into sod with the application of a starting dose of mineral fertilizers. To evaluate the efficiency of the seeder SDK-2.8M in the autumn of 2022, stand and field tests were carried out in the fields of the North-East Federal Research Center. Stand tests on sowing seeds of meadow fescue and red clover showed that the range of gear ratios of the seeder from 0.104 to 0.900 allows to set the seeding rate in the interval of 2.5-140.4 kg/ha. The sowing part ensures uniform distribution of seeds over the feed rolls and the stability of sowing by each feed roll in accordance with agrotechnical requirements. The deviation of the actual seeding rate from preassigned (6.0 kg/ha) for sowing fescue is 2.6%, clover – 2.3%; uneven seeding between feed rolls for fescue – 3.61%, for clover – 5.36%; seeding instability for fescue – 4.83%, for clover – 6.03%. Field tests revealed that the seeder stably performs tillage and clover sowing, maintains the working width and the installation depth of tillage. The average tillage depth was equal to 68 mm, the crumbling of the soil (fraction up to 25 mm) – 85.1%, the average depth of seeding – 16.4 mm, density after rolling – 1.1 g/cm3 .The use of a frame of the original design made it possible to reduce the number of assembly units of the tillage part and auxiliary mechanisms, which reduced the mass of the seeder by 640 kg, in comparison with SDKP-2.8M, while maintaining agrotechnical performance indicators.
Living in Surveillance Societies: The Normalisation of Surveillance in Europe and the Threat of Britain’s Bad Example
Authors: Murakami Wood David , Webster C. William R.
Published: April 2022

This article argues that surveillance is becoming increasingly normalised across Europe and that this is altering the landscape of liberty and security. It identifies this normalisation as a product of the globalisation of surveillance, the domestication of security, the desire of the European Union (EU) to create a distinct leading role in security, and the influence of the 'bad example' of the United Kingdom (UK). The article uses the two very different examples of video-surveillance and electronic public services in the UK to make this case and to argue for both stronger resistance to calls to make human rights more flexible in a risk and security-driven age and more detailed research into the differences between emerging surveillance societies in Europe.
Migration and Security in the EU: Back to Fortress Europe?
Authors: Bermejo Rut
Published: April 2022

An analysis of the linkages between immigration and security must consider three basic issues and tasks. First of all, it must look at the definition of the concepts in use: threat, referent object and the logic or rationale that brings both concepts together. Secondly, the framing of immigration within the discourse on security issues is to be tackled. And thirdly, it must take into account the measures and public policy instruments related to that framing. This article focuses on these three interrelated issues and explores those questions with particular reference to the EU area. The first part reviews the scholarly literature that explores the linkage between migration and security in order to identify what is known as the ‘threat’, the referent object and the rationales established in discourses since the 1990s. During this decade the EU began to develop its ‘common’ immigration policy, while at the same time critiques of the emerging securitisation of migration were developed. The second part of this research traces the effects of the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001 on discourses and public policies in the EU. The analysis of post 9/11 developments in the EU provides evidence to deny on the hand, that EU institutions’ discourses on immigration policies consider this phenomenon as an existential threat and, on the other hand, to reject that extraordinary measures or courses of actions had followed those terrorist attacks. A global approach towards migration is underway although in need of political impetus.
Energy Vulnerability and EU-Russia Energy Relations
Authors: Christie Edward Hunter
Published: April 2022

The concept of energy vulnerability is reviewed and discussed with a focus on Russia’s foreign energy relations, in particular those with European countries. A definition and a conceptual framework for quantifying energy vulnerability are proposed in the context of a review of recent research on energy vulnerability indices. In particular it is suggested that source country diversification should be reflected using the expected shortfall measure used in financial economics, rather than the Herfindahl-Hirschman or Shannon-Wiener indices, and that the former should then enter a calibrated function in order to yield expected economic loss. The issues of asymmetric failure probabilities and accidental versus intentional supply disruptions are then discussed with examples of recent Russian actions. Energy vulnerability measurement and modelling should ultimately inform policy. In particular, member states should legislate that no energy infrastructure project by one or more member states may increase the energy vulnerability of another member state. Additionally, European environmental policies, notably the EU ETS, should be amended so as to account for induced changes in energy vulnerability. Finally, member states should increase the level of transparency and disclosure with respect to gas import statistics and gas supply contracts.
Europeanization of Foreign Policy: Empirical Findings From Hungary, Romania and Slovakia
Authors: Denca Sorin Stefan
Published: April 2022

This article discusses the influence of the process of European integration on the foreign policy-making in the new member states from Central and Eastern Europe, using as case-studies Hungary, Romania and Slovakia. The impact of the integration process is examined from an institutionalist perspective. The paper is especially interested in the institutional change of the coordination of foreign policy-making at both national and European levels, and on the process of learning and socialization of national representatives participating and interacting with the EU system of foreign policy. The impact of European integration is contrasted with the role of domestic factors in shaping institutions and process. The limits of Europeanization of foreign policy-making are identified.
The European Space Agency and the European Union: The Next Step on the Road to the Stars
Authors: Hoerber Thomas Christian
Published: April 2022

Given the outlook, the main questions considered in this article are whether a European position on a genuine common space policy is developing. If so, why is this happening now?; and what kind of potentials do these developments hold for the European integration process as a whole? This article will approach these questions through an analysis of past European collaboration in space affairs. It will describe the recent process of closer involvement between European Space Agency (ESA) and the European Union (EU). It will identify the motivations underlying this process. It will also try to gauge the strategic potential of an intensification of the coordination of national space efforts in ESA and the involvement of the EU. In the conclusion, the ever closer relationship between the EU and ESA will be considered against the larger picture of European politics and the ongoing process of European integration
The Lisbon Treaty and the Constitutionalization of the EU
Authors: Kaunert Christian
Published: April 2022

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The Link between National Foreign Policy and the Performance of a Country in the European Union: The Polish Case
Authors: Kaminska Joanna
Published: April 2022

This article examines the link between the adaptation of national executives and diplomats to the EU and the capacity of a state to influence EU foreign policy outcomes. It argues that, in the case of Poland, the politicization of the domestic administrative structures before 2004 constrained the ability of the state to impact on the EU’s external agenda after the enlargement. It also claims that a rapid adaptation to the EU occurred only after the Polish accession to the EU, as the will to influence the EU’s policy towards Eastern Europe was a main driver for changes in the national diplomacy.
What Contributes to Change and Stability in Individual-level Attitudes towards Britain’s Membership of the EU? An Analysis of the British Election Panel Studies, 1987-1992 and 1992-1997
Authors: Clements Ben
Published: April 2022

The sources of support for the European Union amongst individuals have been studied exhaustively in recent years, but those factors which contribute to stable and unstable opinions have received less scholarly attention. This article uses the best available panel data to assess which factors contributed to both stable and unstable opinion on the European issue in Britain during a period when the major parties were in the process of revising their positions and we might also expect individuals to change their views. Analysis of the British Election Study Panel Studies shows that there is apparently significant individual-level change between 1987-1992 and 1992-1997. Using multinomial logistic regression estimation, this article then assesses which particular sociological and psychological factors are associated with stable and unstable views between 1987-1992 and 1992-1997. It shows that particular individual-level characteristics are related to stable and unstable opinions in the two periods examined here. The paper represents a contribution to the fuller understanding of the social and psychological underpinnings to individual-level attitudes on the European issue.
Migration and Development? An Assessment of Recent EU Pollicy Initiatives
Authors: Reslow Natasja
Published: April 2022

The idea that migration policy and development policy are interrelated and influence each other has gained ground over the past few years. The EU has been keen to link migration policy to development policy in several of its policy initiatives. Based on a discussion of the notion of 'migration and development', this article identifies four policy dilemmas facing policy-makers who aim to link migration policy and development policy. It then goes on to examine four EU policy initiatives (the Global Approach to Migration; the Policy Plan on Legal Migration; the thematic programme for the cooperation with third countries in the areas of migration and asylum; and the Mobility Partnerships) to determine how these initiatives aim to link migration policy and development policy. It finds that none of the policy initiatives adequately address the policy dilemmas. Only the two most recent initiatives (the thematic programme and the Mobility Partnerships) address the broad range of suggested policies which link migration policy and development policy. Generally, it is clear from the initiatives that the EU prioritises the reduction of illegal immigration to its territory. Inconsistencies between the EU's various policies, as well as between its different institutional actors, are problematic for attempts to achieve a 'comprehensive' policy in the area of migration and development.
How to Assess the European Union’s Influence in International Affairs: Addressing a Major Conceptual Challenge for EU Foreign Policy Analysis
Authors: Schunz Simon
Published: April 2022

In the discipline of European Union foreign policy analysis, quite a number of debates have focussed on determining what type of actor the EU is in international affairs (e.g. a normative power). While intellectually stimulating, these debates have regularly been held at too high a level of aggregation. Breaking the question about the EU’s clout in international affairs down to the micro-level, this contribution takes up a conceptual and methodological challenge that is currently unaddressed in the discipline: developing a method suited for studying the EU’s concrete foreign policy activities and their effects so as to assess its actual influence on global politics. Importing insights on the concept of influence from public policy analysis, it designs an analytical framework that allows for statements about whether, how, to what extent and - ultimately - under what conditions the EU exerts influence in one important arena of international affairs, namely international regimes.
The Role of the Regulated Sector in the UK Anti-Money Laundering Framework: Pushing the Boundaries of the Private Police
Authors: Egan Mo
Published: April 2022

This article argues that the conceptualisation of private police in current academic literature requires expansion to accommodate the role of the regulated sector in the Anti- Money Laundering (AML) framework. Firstly, it evaluates the literature on ‘private police’ and argues that its current parameters are too narrow to accommodate the ‘policing’ role of the regulated sector. Secondly, it lays out the legislative framework that has developed to deal with the problem of money laundering. Thirdly, it contextualises the role of the regulated sector, examining the domestic inter-agency policing relationships within the suspicious activity regime as operationalised in Scotland. Finally, it takes a closer look at how the courts have interpreted the ‘failure to report offence’ under s330 of the Proceeds of Crime Act (POCA) 2002 and its consequential effect on the engagement of the regulated sector with the SARs regime.
'The Fear of Insignificance': New Perspectives on Harmonising Police Cooperation in Europe and Australia
Authors: Hufnagel Saskia
Published: April 2022

Despite the fact that Australia and the European Union (EU) have different structures of governance, histories, and cultures, both entities face remarkably similar problems in relation to police cooperation across borders. Australia is divided in nine different criminal jurisdictions, each of them policed by its own police force. Problems of border crossing, information exchange and joint investigations therefore arise similar to those in the EU. These problems have intensified in the 20th century with globalisation and the increased mobility of offenders. Several strategies, both legal and administrative, have necessarily developed to secure inter-state borders. Many of these strategies, like joint investigation teams, common databases and mutual recognition can be compared to solutions developed in the EU. This article will analyse some of the strategies that have been developed in Australia and in the EU to out-balance the lack of borders within them. It will be discussed what the major common impediments to police cooperation are in both entities. As many problems of cross-border policing result from the fact that law enforcement strategies are purely regional, it will be explored how more advanced cooperation strategies could be harmonised at the EU and Australian Federal levels. The major inhibiting factor in relation to harmonisation of legal frameworks in both entities will be defined as ‘the fear of insignificance’ or the fear of state actors to lose their individual identities in the process of harmonisation.