bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organization of medical rehabilitation: gaps and solutions
Authors: Aleksandrov A. , Obukhova O. A.
Published: February 2025

Background. Rehabilitation services are an essential part of modern healthcare systems. Despite the achieved technological progress in medical care, gaps in the organization of effective medical rehabilitation remain unresolved.

Objective: review of current approaches to organizing effective medical rehabilitation services.

Material and methods. The search for sources published over the period of last 10 years was conducted using PubMed/ MEDLINE, Google Scholar, Science Direct, eLibrary and CyberLeninka databases. The search for documents related to the regulation of rehabilitation care was carried out using the Yandex and Google search engines. Individual references included in review articles were studied in greater detail. The selection procedure conducted in accordance with the PRISMA recommenda- tions retrieved 35 publications.

Results. The current recommendations given by World Health Organization experts were presented. The state of rehabilitation services in Russia and the experience of organizing rehabilitation services abroad were analyzed. The shortcomings of existing rehabilitation approaches were identified, along with issues related to accessibility of medical care. Gaps in legislation were indicated, and innovative technologies for solving issues with the provision of rehabilitation support were described.

Conclusion. The existing systems of providing rehabilitation services in different countries are associated with certain short- comings. In this connection, countries and research groups continue to develop schemes for optimizing the load on rehabilitation services.
Comparative analysis of the outcomes of laparoscopic radical prostatectomy and initial experience with robot-assisted radical prostatectomy
Authors: Gorelova Anna A. , Petrov Sergei B. , Berkut Mariya V. , Mamizhev Eldar M. , Semeiko Dmitrii P. , Nosov Alexander K.
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND: Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) offers advantages over open and laparoscopic approaches, including superior visualization and enhanced surgeon ergonomics. This study analyzed the short-term outcomes of the first RARP performed at the N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, comparing them with laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP).
AIM: To compare the outcomes of RARP and LRP in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer of low and favorable intermediate risk.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included patients who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) for localized prostate cancer of low and favorable intermediate risk (according to the NCCN classification) between 2022 and 2023. The final cohort consisted of 49 patients who underwent LRP and 58 patients who underwent RARP.
RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the groups in the incidence of early postoperative complications. However, positive surgical margins were significantly more frequent in the RARP group (51.7%) than in the LRP group (20.4%). Urethral catheter removal occurred earlier in the LRP group (median: 4 days) than in the RARP group (median: 6 days). At six months postoperatively, erectile function, including with conservative therapy, was preserved in 36.4% of patients after RARP and in 21.4% after LRP (χ2 = 0.202). Severe urinary incontinence was observed in 3.5% of patients in the LRP group and 12.5% in the RARP group (χ2 = 0.249).
CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrated a significantly lower rate of positive surgical margins following LRP compared to RARP. However, it should be noted that the RARP group included patients operated on at the N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology during the initial implementation of this technique, which may have influenced the outcomes. Further studies are required.
Apresentação
Authors: Oliveira Aline Sobreira de , Paula Felipe Oliveira de , Guimarães Gustavo Cerqueira , Rocha Neto João Alves , Godinho Josué Borges de Araújo , Fares Rafael Otávio
Published: February 2025

O v. 21, n. 2, da revista Em Tese traz como tema o dossiê BARTHES POR NÓS MESMOS, que propõe uma reflexão diversificada acerca da obra barthesiana em diálogo com a literatura, os estudos literários, a política e a estética, sobretudo o campo das imagens. Em parte, o dossiê foi motivado pela celebração do centenário de Roland Gérard Barthes, um dos mais distintos semiólogos do século XX, nascido a 12 de novembro de 1915, em Cherburgo, cidade à beira-mar ao norte da França, e falecido em 1980, em Paris.
Haptoglobin-related protein without signal peptide induces high prevalence of renal salt wasting and new syndrome of salt wasting in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Maesaka John , Imbriano Louis , Grant Candace , Miyawaki Nobuyuki , Muralidharan Rajanandini
Published: February 2025

Our understanding of hyponatremia, defined as a serum sodium < 135 mmol/L, and hyponatremia-related diseases is in a state of flux. A better understanding is now being established by abandoning the ineffective volume approach that has been in existence for over 50 years. We utilized comprehensive pathophysiologic phenomena that brought greater clarity to understanding and identifying the different causes of hyponatremia. An important message was to emphasize the difficulty in differentiating the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) from appropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion in patients with cerebral or renal salt wasting (RSW), a condition that was previously considered to be rare among internists. Both syndromes present with identical clinical parameters that need to be appreciated and emphasized. The new approach demonstrated a high prevalence of RSW in hyponatremic patients from the general medical wards of the hospital to raise the awareness that hyponatremia is not all due to SIADH. We demonstrated natriuretic activity in the plasma of 21 neurosurgical and 17 Alzheimer’s disease patients by performing rat renal clearance studies while infusing plasma from these patients. The natriuretic factor was later identified as haptoglobin related protein without signal peptide in both groups of patients. Interestingly, blood levels of HPRWSP appears to increase progressively as the dementia worsens below a mini mental state examination score of 12 in Alzheimer’s. Additional data suggest that RSW might be present at an early stage of Alzheimer’s and these patients may become more dehydrated as the dementia worsens. Future studies intend to prove the existence and extent of volume depletion in Alzheimer’s and to develop HPRWSP as a biomarker of RSW.
Barreras y estrategias para la accesibilidad a la salud de las personas trans en Córdoba, Argentina
Authors: Cordero María Laura , Saletti-Cuesta Lorena
Published: February 2025

Las trayectorias de vida de las personas transgénero están atravesadas por múltiples vulneraciones. Este trabajo pretende conocer la accesibilidad al sistema de salud de las personas trans en la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina. Desde un diseño narrativo y una aproximación al enfoque biográfico, entre 2022 y 2023 se realizaron ocho entrevistas semiestructuradas a personas trans para indagar sobre las barreras en el acceso a la salud y las estrategias que implementaron. De los relatos se desprende que, si bien la discriminación y los malos tratos continúan siendo la principal barrera, se cuestiona especialmente la falta de formación y de conocimientos sobre la salud trans por parte de profesionales. Como estrategias, se resalta la vinculación y el trabajo de los espacios colectivos y las organizaciones sociales LGBTTTIQ+ que son quienes facilitan el acceso a la salud. Las redes sociales para la transmisión de la información aparecen como estrategias claves en el acceso, al igual que los consultorios integrales inclusivos en los servicios de salud.
Loss of Derivative’s Primary Meaning as a Factor in Development of Word-Formative Metaphors
Authors:   Saratov State University, Kozinetz S.B.
Published: February 2025

The article considers one of the ways of formation of word-formative
metaphor in the history of the Russian language – that of the loss of primary meaning of derivative. Analysis of the vast material elucidates
the reasons for the loss of primary meanings, the most important being the meaning becoming obsolete and the change in morpheme
meaning.
On Some Differences in Emotive Utterances in Interviews and Analytic Articles (on the Materials of Contemporary Russian Press)
Authors:   Saratov State University, Sokolova E.D.
Published: February 2025

The present article is concerned with utterances used in contemporary Russian press to express emotions (in analytical articles and
interviews).
Cryptogenic cirrhosis and Common variable immunodeficiency: an unrecognized relationship
Authors: Evcen Recep , Bıyık Murat , Çölkesen Fatih , Sadi Aykan Filiz , Kılınç Mehmet , Gerek Mehmet Emin , Akçal Tacettin , Yıldız Eray , Arslan Şevket
Published: February 2025

Objective: This study investigates the prevalence of Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) in patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis. It aims to highlight CVID's role in liver involvement and raise awareness of its potential as an underlying cause of cryptogenic cirrhosis.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study, approved by the ethics committee, included patients diagnosed with cryptogenic cirrhosis at a university hospital. Comprehensive evaluations were performed to exclude other causes of cirrhosis, and patients were screened for CVID based on the European Society for Immunodeficiencies (ESID) criteria.
Results: This study included 30 patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis, among whom 6.7% (n=2) were diagnosed with CVID. Both CVID patients had low immunoglobulin levels and abnormal immune cell profiles, leading to recurrent infections in one case and suspicion due to low total protein levels in the other. IVIG treatment was initiated for both, and liver biopsy findings in one patient suggested CVID-related liver involvement.
Conclusions: Determining the underlying causes of chronic liver diseases is crucial for guiding treatment and follow-up, potentially preventing cirrhosis progression and influencing liver transplantation eligibility. CVID screening in patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis should be considered, with appropriate treatments initiated as needed.
Estrategia: entre-polas, pa' parchar sabroso Estrategia para el consumo consciente de alcohol
Authors: Galindo Huertas Mayra Solanye , Galvis López Milena Alexandra , Hernández-Zambrano Sandra Milena , Carrillo-Algarra Ana Julia , Castiblanco-Montañez Ruth Alexandra , Martínez Sánchez Deisy Marcela , Algarra López Luz Stella
Published: February 2025

Entre polas nace de un proceso de investigación acción participativa que buscó darle el papel protagónico a los jóvenes universitarios para fomentar acciones de transformación frente al fenómeno del consumo de alcohol. La estrategia da cuenta de los tránsitos reflexivos y de activación de un grupo de líderes comprometidos en buscar alternativas pertinentes con sus propias realidades, para mitigar los riesgos y favorecer el disfrute del encuentro, pues son conscientes que entre “pola y pola”, lo que buscan es “parchar sabroso”.
Realidades animales en los bestiarios contemporáneos de Juan José Arreola, José Emilio Pacheco y René Avilés Fabila
Authors:   Universidad de Buenos Aires, Fernández Izaguirre Penélope Marcela
Published: February 2025

En la literatura medieval un bestiario es l colección de textos e imágenes que dan noticia de animales reales y fantásticos en torno a una explicación moralizante; esta tradición literaria ha trascendido hasta nuestros días. De tal forma que, gracias a la pluma magistral de tres escritores mexicanos, la literatura contemporánea cuenta en su haber con el Bestiario de Juan José Arreola, la poética zoológica de José Emilio Pacheco y el Bestiario de seres prodigiosos de René Avilés Fabila. Y son las obras de estos tres autores las que se abordarán en esta investigación para dilucidar cómo es que las descripciones de todo tipo de animales ya no son —como lo fue para sus prede[1]cesores de otros siglos— un pretexto para encarnar simbólica e indirectamente la proyección de mentalidades cristianas y sí son un medio para comunicar la realidad que vive el animal. Así, en las obras objeto de estudio, por un lado, los autores siguen ocasionalmente los caminos del simbolismo y, por el otro lado, destacan las dolencias y malestares propias de animales que se encuentran tras las rejas de una jaula en el zoológico. Por lo tanto, en los siguientes párrafos analizo los aspectos que refieren no sólo a la imagen animal, sino también al sentir y situación que los autores mencionados refieren sobre el animal cautivo en un zoológico.
La multiplicación laberíntica en El miedo de perder a Eurídice
Authors:   Investigador independiente, Patiño Karam Juan Pablo
Published: February 2025

Este artículo analiza El miedo de perder a Eurídice, de Julieta Campos, desde la perspectiva conceptual del archivo y del símbolo del laberinto. Se propone una perspectiva teórica inédita que conjuga estos elementos. El objetivo del análisis, bajo este punto de vista, es dar cuenta de la manera en que la novela desarrolla un archivo de forma laberíntica tal que las historias y los elementos que la constituye se multiplican incesantemente sin una significación total y única que las abarque. El archivo en la novela hace aparecer un sinfín de elementos que se diseminan por diversos caminos haciendo que se abismen. Ello tiene por resultado que el sentido de la narración explote por exceso de posibilidades. El miedo de perder a Eurídice es un ejercicio de apertura al infinito que incluye, no sólo su contenido, sino incluso al lector
Carlos Ulises Mata (edición, introducción y notas) Encadenado a esta ausencia. Diez cartas inéditas de José Gorostiza. México: Ediciones Monte Carmelo, 2023
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mateo José Manuel
Published: February 2025

Quienes se interesan por José Gorostiza y la correspondencia entre los Contem-poráneos cuentan ahora con una colectánea breve, pero digna del mayor aprecio. El volumen fue preparado por Carlos Ulises Mata, ensayista a quien también de-bemos un volumen antológico de la prosa periodística de Efraín Huerta (2014) y, recientemente, un epílogo a la edición facsimilar de El minutero, a cargo de Fer-nando Fernández (2023). Los lectores de Bernardo Ortiz de Montellano también se ven favorecidos, pues el autor del Segundo sueño —poema analizado en su aspec-to de ritual quirúrgico por Enrique Flores (2003)— es uno de los tres corresponsa-les de Gorostiza y, también, el principal: siete de las nueve cartas incluidas en la recopilación están dirigidas a él. Bajo una global celebración por el trabajo reali-zado, son tres los aspectos que habré de comentar aquí: la organización del libro, la composición tipográfica y algunas de las líneas enviadas a Ortiz de Montellano
Preface to the Iberoamerican Human-Computer Interaction Conference 2024 Special Issue
Authors: Eliseo Maria Amelia , Farinazzo Martins Valéria
Published: February 2025

Preface to the Iberoamerican Human-Computer Interaction Conference 2024 Special Issue
Deep meditation as a valid “scientific” method: A flawed argument
Authors: Patwardhan Kishor
Published: February 2025

An interventional neurologist recently responded to my two-year-old article suggesting that Ayurveda should be approached in a qualia-centric manner. He questions the fundamental assumptions of what he calls “Western” science yet tries to use the same to claim that ancient Ayurveda and Yoga masters gained the knowledge of the functioning of human body through deep meditation. He appears to consider deep meditation as a valid scientific method, despite it lacking external validity. At the same time, he advocates for external validity to test Ayurveda therapeutics. I draw attention to this contradiction in his argument.
Prospects for the development of Sharia financing contract on KPR Syariah iB Hebat at BPRS Dana Amanah Surakarta
Authors: Sup Devid Frastiawan Amir , Firdaus Muhammad Irkham , Bilhaq Aqil Mutashim
Published: February 2025

IntroductionThe KPR Syariah iB Hebat product at BPRS Dana Amanah Surakarta currently uses murabahah, istishna', and MMQ contracts. However, from the perspective of regulations and fatwa, the KPR Syariah can also be developed using the salam contract, IMBT contract, IMFD contract, and MMBT contract.ObjectivesThis research aims to analyze the prospects for developing Sharia financing contracts on KPR Syariah iB Hebat at BPRS Dana Amanah Surakarta.MethodThis research uses a qualitative, descriptive, field research approach. Primary data are in the form of literature review results and field data findings, while secondary data are in the form of other data sources that support primary data, such as books, journal articles, and websites. Data were obtained using observation, interview, and documentation methods and then analyzed using the inductive method.ResultsAccording to the results obtained, BPRS Dana Amanah Surakarta should consider six risks: credit risk, operational risk, compliance risk, liquidity risk, reputation risk, and strategic risk.ImplicationsBased on the analysis of the characteristics of the KPR Syariah iB Hebat at BPRS Dana Amanah Surakarta, the contract prospects to be developed are the salam contract, IMBT contract, and IMFD contract.Originality/NoveltyThis research made an important contribution in the form of contract prospects to be developed in the context of BPRS in Indonesia, which has similarities with KPR Syariah iB Hebat at BPRS Dana Amanah Surakarta.
Quarks and Leptons Formation from the Spontaneous Fractionation of a Pair of Elementary Particles with Proton Charge Units
Authors: Auci Massimo
Published: February 2025

It is shown that if there exists in nature a pair of heavy elementary particles each with a charge equal to that of the proton and with mass energy , then their direct interaction gives rise to a spontaneous fractionation of the two charges into three pairs of elementary particles according to two equiprobable channels, one hadronic and one leptonic. The leptons and quarks produced are in agreement with the first generation of the Standard Model of matter. Fractionation suggests the relative abundances of the elementary particles, introducing some questions about the possibility of the real existence of a currently unknown particle and its role in the formation of an apparent matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe.
BOANN: Bayesian-Optimized Attentive Neural Network for Classification
Authors: He Luoyao , Wang Xingqi , Lin Yuzhen , Li Xinjin , Ma Yu , Li Zhenglin
Published: February 2025

This study presents the Bayesian-Optimized Attentive Neural Network (BOANN), a novel approach enhancing image classification performance by integrating Bayesian optimization with channel and spatial attention mechanisms. Traditional image classification struggles with the extensive data in today's big data era. Bayesian optimization has been integrated into neural networks in recent years to enhance model generalization, while channel and spatial attention mechanisms improve feature extraction capabilities. This paper introduces a model combining Bayesian optimization with these attention mechanisms to boost image classification performance. Bayesian optimization optimizes hyperparameter selection, accelerating model convergence and accuracy; the attention mechanisms augment feature extraction. Compared to traditional deep learning models, our model utilizes attention mechanisms for initial feature extraction, followed by a Bayesian-optimized neural network. On the CIFAR-100 dataset, our model outperforms classical models in metrics such as accuracy, loss, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving an accuracy of 77.6%. These technologies have potential for broader application in image classification and other computer vision domains.
The Way To Solve ‘Dark Energy’ Problem Use Black Hole Property Without Ad Hoc Dark Energy Solution
Authors: Shek Tom
Published: February 2025

Dark energy is hypothesized to explain both the curvature of the universe and its accelerated expansion, yet its true nature remains elusive. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to explain dark energy using the properties of black holes. By considering the contribution of the energy-momentum tensor of black holes, often neglected in cosmological models, we demonstrate that ignoring this component can lead to the observed effects attributed to dark energy. Furthermore, we explore a logical paradox involving observability and causality, arguing that this paradox supports the isotropic and instantaneous nature of dark energy effects. Finally, we connect our theoretical framework to observational data, particularly the growth of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and their relationship to cosmic expansion, providing an empirical foundation for our hypothesis.
Probing the Gravitational Effects of Rotating Masses in a Vacuum via the Proposed Equations
Authors: Ahmad Muhammad
Published: February 2025

The gravitational effects of a rotating body on a nearby body in a vacuum are investigated. Our findings, derived from the proposed equations, highlight the substantial gravitational forces exerted by the rotating body. These results are pertinent for developing unconventional gravity-generation methods for space and terrestrial applications. Moreover, this study enhances our understanding on the role of angular velocity in the dynamics of planetary systems.
From Neurons to Organisations: Awakening Regenerative Mindset through Neuroplasticity, AI, and Integrative Consciousness
Authors: Ooi Rachel Wei Gee
Published: February 2025

The Anthropocene presents an era of systemic unpredictability, AI-driven transformation, and environmental vulnerability. Leadership today faces the VUCA² landscape (volatility, uncertainty, complexity, ambiguity, and velocity), requiring an urgent shift toward regenerative intelligence—a leadership paradigm integrating neuroplasticity, AI-augmented decision-making, and integrative consciousness. While AI enhances governance decision-making, traditional leadership models remain hierarchical, transactional, and misaligned with sustainability and systemic transformation. Both WEF 2025 and COP 29 focused on "Collaborate and invest in the Intelligent Age for a Liveable Planet." This proved how important AI-enhanced governance, regenerative capitalism, and adaptive leadership models are for navigating a world that is hard to predict and coming up with long-term economic plans that use new technologies and systemic intelligence. Nevertheless, CEOs, lawmakers, and emerging leaders grapple with conventional approaches to thinking and functioning.
This study introduces the Regenerative Systems Framework (RSF), integrating regenerative intelligence, neuroplasticity-based cognitive adaptability, and AI-powered foresight models. The AHA SHIFT Model provides a structured transition from extractive leadership to holistic, regenerative intelligence. Using a mixed-methods approach, this research examines AI-driven governance, cognitive adaptability training, and systemic coaching applied in MBA leadership capstone projects. Findings validate higher adaptability (20-25%), improved strategic foresight (30-40%), and enhanced ESG governance alignment (50%) among leaders trained in neuroplasticity-driven regenerative intelligence.
Key insights from organizational case studies, including Microsoft, Patagonia, and Singapore’s Smart Nation Initiative, confirm that AI-assisted foresight and regenerative leadership improve decision efficiency (60%), sustainability impact (40%), and governance resilience. This study provides a scalable roadmap for CEOs, policymakers, and leadership educators to transition from static leadership paradigms to regenerative, AI-augmented intelligence models that drive systemic economic renewal.
Understanding the Evolution of HR Systems: From Digitisation to Digital Transformation in Human Resource Management
Authors: Binti Bahari Norin Afrina
Published: February 2025

The evolution of HR systems from digitisation to digital transformation is a fascinating journey. Initially, HR systems focused on digitising paper-based processes, such as employee records and payroll. This phase, known as digitisation, aimed to improve efficiency and reduce manual errors by converting analog information into digital formats.As technology advanced, HR systems evolved into digitalisation, where digital tools and technologies were integrated into HR processes. This phase saw the adoption of HR information systems (HRIS), electronic HRM (e-HRM), and other digital tools to streamline administrative tasks, enhance recruitment and training processes, and improve decision-making through HR analytics.The current phase, digital transformation, goes beyond merely digitising existing processes. It involves rethinking and redesigning HR practices to leverage cutting-edge technologies like artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and big data. Digital transformation aims to create a more agile, data-driven, and employee-centric HR function. It encompasses digital workplaces, digital employee services, and the implementation of advanced technologies to enhance HR processes and employee experiences. This transformation is driven by various factors, including internal customer digital needs, industry digital innovation, competitor challenges, and the need for digital innovation governance. While digital transformation brings numerous benefits, it also poses challenges, such as managing the transition from old to new systems and addressing potential negative impacts on the workforce.
Fungi That Live Within Animals: Application of Cell Cytometry to Examine Fungal Colonization of Ambrosia Beetle (Xyleborus sp.) Mycangia
Authors: Joseph Ross A , Bansal Kamaldeep , Nguyen Jane , Bielanski Michael , Tirmizi Esther , Masoudi Abolfazl , Keyhani Nemat O.
Published: February 2025

Ambrosia beetles bore into trees, excavating galleries where they farm fungi as their sole source of nutrition. These mutualistic fungi typically do not cause significant damage to host trees; however, since their invasion into the U.S., the beetle Xyleborus glabratus has vectored its fungal partner, Harringtonia lauricola, which has acted as a devastating plant pathogen resulting in the deaths of over 500 million trees. Here, we show differences in mycangial colonization of the indigenous X. affinis ambrosia beetle by H. lauricola, and the native fungal species, H. aguacate and Raffaelea arxii. While X. affinis was a good host for H. lauricola, the related ambrosia beetle, X. ferrugineus, was only marginally colonized by H. lauricola. X. affinis beetles neither fed on, nor were colonized by, the distantly related fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae. Mycangial colonization was affected by the nutritional state of the fungus. A novel method for direct quantification of mycangial contents based on cell cytometry was developed and validated. The method was used to confirm mycangial colonization and to demonstrate alternating fungal partner switching, which showed significant variation and dynamic turnover. X. affinis pre-oral mycangial pouches were visualized using fluorescent and light microscopy, revealing that newly emerged pupae displayed uncolonized mycangia prior to feeding, whereas beetles fed H. lauricola contained single-celled fungi within 6 h post-feeding. Mixed populations of fungal cells were seen in the mycangia of beetles following alternating colonization. Nuclear counter-staining revealed insect cells surrounding the mycangia. These data highlight variation and specificity in ambrosia beetle-fungal pairings and provide a facile method for direct quantification of mycangial contents.
Investigation of CO, CO2 and CH4 Source Variability at the WMO/GAW Station of Lamezia Terme (Calabria, Southern Italy) Using the O3/NOx Ratio as Proximity Indicator
Authors: D'Amico Francesco , Lo Feudo Teresa , Gullì Daniel , Ammoscato Ivano , De Pino Mariafrancesca , Malacaria Luana , Sinopoli Salvatore , De Benedetto Giorgia , Calidonna Claudia Roberta
Published: February 2025

Source apportionment and a more detailed understanding of local and remote contributions to the concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) observed across WMO/GAW (World Meteorological Organization – Global Atmosphere Watch) stations can be achieved via proximity indicators and the implementation of new atmospheric tracers. In this study, the ratio between ozone (O3) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) is applied to nine continuous years (2015-2023) of measurements at the Lamezia Terme (LMT) observation site in Calabria, Southern Italy to differentiate the aging of air masses and identify four distinct categories: LOC (local), N–SRC (near source), R–SRC (remote source), and BKG (atmospheric background). Because of a possible overestimation of nitrogen di-oxide (NO2) caused by heated (~300-400 °C) molybdenum converters used in employed instru-ments, a correction factor based on a previous study has been integrated to further analyze the results. Additionally, this work introduces a new correction factor based on the local behavior of surface ozone and the diurnal peaks observed during boreal warm seasons in an area characterized by a Mediterranean climate. The results of this study confirm the hypotheses by previous works on local sources of pollution: the LOC category yields the highest concentrations observed at the site, which are in accordance with the northeastern wind sector and anthropogenic sources. R–SRC and BKG are more representative of atmospheric background levels and characterize westerly winds from the Tyrrhenian Sea. N–SRC, as expected, shows an intermediate behavior between local and remote/background levels.
EvSec22, a SNARE Protein, Regulates Hyphal Growth, Stress Tolerance, and Nematicidal Pathogenicity in Esteya vermicola
Authors: Yuan Jingjie , Zou Run , Peng Xuan , Wang Yilan , Cheng Zhongwu , Ye Tengqing , Han Lihui , Xie Chengjian
Published: February 2025

Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, the causative agent of pine wilt disease (PWD), poses a severe global threat to coniferous forests. Esteya vermicola, an endoparasitic nematophagous fungus, exhibits promising biocontrol potential against this pinewood nematode. The vesicular transport system, evolutionarily conserved in eukaryotes, is essential for fungal pathogenicity. Based on our genome sequence of E. vermicola CBS115803, we identified EvSec22, a gene encoding a SNARE protein implicated in vesicular transport process. This study investigates the role of EvSec22 in E. vermicola during nematode infection, utilizing our optimized gene knockout methodology. Infection assays revealed that EvSec22 deletion significantly impaired the pathogenicity of E. vermicola against B. xylophilus. Phenotypic analyses revealed that the ΔEvSec22 mutant exhibited suppressed hyphal growth, reduced conidiation, and abnormal septal spacing. Furthermore, the mutant showed significantly diminished tolerance to osmotic stress (sorbitol) and oxidative stress (hydrogen peroxide). Overall, the EvSec22 gene is associated with the virulence of E. vermicola CBS115803 against B. xylophilus, and its deletion also impacts the normal growth of E. vermicola and its tolerance to abiotic stress. This study providing new insights into SNARE protein functions in fungal biocontrol agents.
Piezo1 Ion Channels Regulate the Formation and Spreading of Human Endometrial Mesenchymal Stem Cell Spheroids
Authors: Khairullina Zuleikha , Vasileva Valeria , Chubinskiy-Nadezhdin Vladislav
Published: February 2025

Three-dimensional (3D) spheroids of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have high biological significance due to more accurate imitation of physiological conditions, in vivo processes and greater therapeutic efficiency compared to monolayer MSCs. However, molecular processes and specific mechanisms regulating the effectiveness of spheroids remain unknown. Endometrial MSCs are considered as reliable and potent objects for stem cell-based therapy due to availability and minor ethical concerns. Thus, knowledge of the molecular mechanisms controlling eMSC processes is of clinical importance. Regulation of a number of important physiological processes in MSCs is associated with the functioning of Ca2+-permeable mechanosensitive Piezo1 channels. It has been shown that Piezo1 is a key determinant in the regulation of intracellular Ca2+, which controls the migratory activity of 2D eMSCs. We aimed to determine the presence and functions of Piezo1 in eMSC spheroids. We detected that Piezo1 mRNA expression was lower in spheroids compared to 2D culture. Also, we observed the decrease in spheroid spreading rate in the presence of a selective Piezo1 agonist, Yoda1, during spheroid spreading or formation. The selective activation of Piezo1 could be used for the modulation of spheroid spreading rates which could be favorable for some strategies in development of spheroid-based cell therapies.
The Role of Integrin β1D Mislocalization in the Pathophysiology of Calpain 3-Related Limb–Girdle Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Valls Andrea , Ruiz Cristina , Immanuel Jenita , Alonso-Martín Sonia , Gallardo Eduard , Fernández-Torrón Roberto , Bonilla Mario , Lersundi Ana , Hernández-Laín Aurelio , Domínguez-González Cristina , Vilchez Juan , Iruzubieta Pablo , López de Munain Adolfo , Sáenz Amets
Published: February 2025

Limb–girdle muscular dystrophy R1 (LGMDR1) is characterized by progressive proximal muscle weakness due to mutations in the CAPN3 gene. Little is known about calpain 3 (CAPN3) function in muscle, but its loss results in aberrant sarcomere formation. Human muscle structure was analyzed in this study, with observed integrin β1D isoform (ITGβ1D) mislocalization, a lack of talin 1 (TLN1) in the sarcolemma, and the irregular expression of Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) in LGMDR1 muscles suggesting a lack of integrin activation with an altered sarcolemma, extracellular matrix (ECM) assembly and signaling pathway deregulation, which may cause frailty in LGMDR1 muscle fibers. Additionally, altered nuclear morphology, centrosome distribution and microtubule organization have been found in muscle cells derived from LGMDR1 patients.
Artificial Intelligence in the Optimization of Macauba (Acrocomia aculeata) Processing: Recognition of Phytobiometric Patterns
Authors: Ribeiro David Augusto , Tavares Dennis Santos , Tiradentes Eduardo Tadeu , Santos Fabio Lucio , Rodríguez Demóstenes Zegarra
Published: February 2025

This study assessed the YOLO model’s effectiveness in identifying the phytobiometric patterns of Macaúba (Acrocomia aculeata), specifically detecting and classifying immature fruits. Conducted at Fazenda Limeira, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil, the experiment used Macaúba fruits from spontaneously grown palm trees in a grazing area. Fruits were randomly selected, cleaned, and stored for 48 hours in a shaded area before photographic recording and biometric measurement. Performance analysis showed significant improvements, highlighting the model’s potential to optimize agro-industrial processes. Key loss metrics were substantially reduced: box_loss from 0.9 to 0.2, cls_loss from 1.4 to 0.1, and dfl_loss from 1.4 to 0.8. These reductions indicate enhanced accuracy in localization and classification, demonstrating YOLO’s ability to adjust bounding boxes and correctly identify fruit classes. Furthermore, the model achieved perfect Precision and Recall values (1.0) in the precision-recall (PR) curve, eliminating false positives and negatives. This ensures precise matching between predictions and actual instances of the Immature Macaúba ("Macuba Imatura") class. Applying the model in Macaúba processing offers benefits such as automatic sorting, improved quality control, and waste reduction. This work emphasizes the feasibility of using artificial intelligence in precision agriculture, promoting automation and sustainability within production chains.
Cardiometabolic Phenotype in HFpEF: Insights from Murine Models
Authors: Ogurtsova Ekaterina , Arefieva Tatiana , Filatova Anastasiia , Radyukhina Natalya , Ovchinnikov Artem
Published: February 2025

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) remains a significant challenge in modern healthcare. It accounts for the majority of heart failure cases and their number worldwide is steadily increasing. With its high prevalence and substantial clinical impact, therapeutic strategies for HFpEF are still inadequate. This review focuses on the cardiometabolic phenotype of HFpEF which is characterized by such conditions as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Various murine models that mimic this phenotype are discussed. Each model’ pathophysiological aspects, namely inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, changes in cardiomyocyte protein function and myocardial metabolism alterations are examined in detail. Understanding these models can provide insight into the mechanisms underlying HFpEF and aid in the development of effective therapeutic interventions.
Intrathecal Morphine in Major Abdominal and Thoracic Surgery: Observational Study
Authors: González Santos Silvia , Osorio López Antia , Mugabure Bujedo Borja , González-Jorrín Nuria , Herreros Pomares Alejandro , Abad-Motos Ane , Granell Manuel
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Optimal control of acute postoperative pain in major surgery accelerates the recovery process, shortens hospital stays, and minimizes healthcare costs. Intrathecal morphine is a simple, safe, and reliable regional technique that provides prolonged analgesia, useful in a wide variety of procedures.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted on patients who underwent various major abdominal or thoracic surgical procedures and were administered intrathecal morphine between January 2018 and December 2021.
The primary objective was to establish the safety of the technique in terms of the incidence of early and late respiratory depression, atelectasis, the need for respiratory support, and the possible association of these complications with the presence of respiratory pathology such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (SAHS), and obesity or smoking habit.
Secondary objectives included recording the consumption of rescue intravenous (IV) morphine in the first 24 hours postoperatively, the incidence of PONV, and the incidence of late postoperative complications (at 90 days) such as pneumonia, readmission rates, and reoperation rates. Hospital stay and mortality were also recorded.
Results: A total of 484 patients were included in the study. No patient experienced respiratory depression. Atelectasis, evidenced by chest X-ray, occurred in 2.07% of patients. Respiratory support with non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV) or high-flow oxygen therapy (HFOT) was required by 1.86% of patients. 51% of patients required rescue IV morphine (average 6.98 mg), significantly higher in the thoracic and general surgery groups compared to urological surgery. The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) was 30.37%. Regarding other secondary objectives, readmissions, reoperations, and mortality rates were significantly higher in patients undergoing urological and thoracic surgery compared to those undergoing general surgery.
Conclusion: The administration of intrathecal morphine for the control of acute postoperative pain in major surgery can be considered a safe technique that fits perfectly within the set of measures for the multimodal approach to pain management in major abdominal and thoracic surgery.
SMS3D: 3D Synthetic Mushroom Scenes Dataset for 3D Object Detection and Pose Estimation
Authors: Zakeri Abdollah , Koirala Bikram , Kang Jiming , Balan Venkatesh , Zhu Weihang , Benhaddou Driss , Merchant Fatima
Published: February 2025

The mushroom farming industry struggles to automate harvesting due to limited large-scale annotated datasets and the complex growth patterns of mushrooms, which complicate detection, segmentation, and pose estimation. To address this, we introduce a synthetic dataset with 40,000 unique scenes of white Agaricus bisporus and brown baby bella mushrooms, capturing realistic variations in quantity, position, orientation, and growth stages. Our two-stage pose estimation pipeline combines 2D object detection and instance segmentation with a 3D point cloud-based pose estimation network using a Point Transformer. By employing a continuous 6D rotation representation and a geodesic loss, our method ensures precise rotation predictions. Experiments show that processing point clouds with 1,024 points and the 6D Gram-Schmidt rotation representation yields optimal results, achieving an average rotational error of 1.67∘ on synthetic data, surpassing current state-of-the-art methods in mushroom pose estimation. The model further generalizes well to real-world data, attaining a mean angle difference of 3.68∘ on a subset of the M18K dataset with ground-truth annotations. This approach aims to drive automation in harvesting, growth monitoring, and quality assessment in the mushroom industry.
“THE LANCET – Respiratory Medicine” Published an Article that Contradicts Our World Data
Authors: Šorli Amrit
Published: February 2025

Lancet article titled “Estimated number of lives directly saved by COVID-19 vaccination programmes in the WHO European Region from December, 2020, to March, 2023” is not in line with official Our World Data. The article claims that COVID-19 vaccination in 2021 has reduced global mortality in 2020 by 63%. According to Our World Data in 2021 6.08 million more people died than in 2020 which means that the discrepancy between article claims of reduced global mortality and official data is 159.5%.
Effect of Inhibin Immunization on Reproductive Performance During the Non-Breeding Season in Dezhou Donkeys
Authors: Akhtar Muhammad Faheem , Umar Muhammad , Li Liangliang , Ahmad Ejaz , Changfa Wang
Published: February 2025

Present study was designed to investigate the potential role of inhibin immunization on plasma hormone concentration and testicular histoarchitecture of Dezhou donkeys in the non breeding season (November-February). For this purpose, adult Dezhou donkeys (n=30), were equally divided into groups A, B, and C. Group A was actively immunized with 3 mg inhibin, group B with (1.5 mg), and group C was immunized with Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and served as a control. All animals in groups A and B were given a primary dose of inhibin (INH) antigen i.e. 3 mg and 1.5 mg on day 1 and followed by a booster dose on the 23rd day of the experiment. Blood samples were collected on 21st, 28th, 34th, and 40th day of experiment. Primary and booster INH immunization (3 mg and 1.5 mg) slightly elevated plasma hormone concentrations of FSH, LH, Testosterone, and Activin A. The number of spermatogonia significantly increased on 28th day in group A. Inhibin immunization also caused apoptosis in testicular histoarchitecture. In conclusion, Inhibin immunzition can potentially improve the reproductive efficiency of Dezhou donkeys in nonbreeding season by elevating plasma hormone concentrations of FSH, LH, AMH, and Activin A.
Assessment of the Impacts of Different Carbon Sources and Sinks on Atmospheric CO2 Concentrations Based on the GEOS-Chem Model
Authors: Qu Ge , Zhou Jia , Shi Yusheng , Yang Yong liang , Su Meng qian , Wu Wen , Zhou Zhi tao
Published: February 2025

Global CO2 concentration has become a key driver of climate change, influenced by both anthropogenic emissions and natural carbon cycles. However, due to the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of carbon sources and sinks, estimating CO2 flux remains highly uncertain. Accurately quantifying the contribution of various carbon sources and sinks to atmospheric CO2 concentration is essential for understanding the carbon cycle and global carbon balance. This study utilizes the GEOS-Chem model, driven by MERRA2 meteorological data and emission inventory data, to simulate monthly global CO2 concentrations from 2006 to 2010. The “Inventory switching and replacing” method was applied to assess the contributions of eight major CO2 sources and sinks: fossil fuel combustion, biomass burning, biosphere balance, net land exchange, aviation, shipping, ocean exchange, and chemical sources. The results show that global CO2 concentration exhibits a spatial pattern with higher concentrations in the Northern Hemisphere and land areas, with East Asia, Southeast Asia, and Eastern North America being high-concentration regions. The global average CO2 concentration increased by 1.8 ppm/year from 2006 to 2010, with China’s eastern region experiencing the highest growth rate of 3.0 ppm/year. Fossil fuel combustion is identified as the largest CO2 emission source, followed by biomass burning, while oceans and land serve as significant CO2 sinks. The impact of carbon flux on atmospheric CO2 concentration is closely related to the spatial distribution and magnitude of emissions.
ATIP1 is a Suppressor of Cardiac Hypertrophy and Modulates AT2-dependent Signaling in Cardiac Myocytes
Authors: Fischer Tobias , Gredy Sina , Scheel Nadine , Benz Peter M. , Fissler Benjamin , Ullrich Melanie , Abeßer Marco , Reichle Jochen , Rokita Adam G. , Maier Lars S. , Ritter Oliver , Baba Hideo A. , Schuh Kai
Published: February 2025

So far, the molecular functions of the angiotensin type-2 receptor (AT2) interacting protein (ATIP1) remained unclear although expression studies revealed high levels of ATIP1 in the heart. To unravel its physiological function, we investigated ATIP1-KO mice. They develop a spontaneous cardiac hypertrophy with significantly increased heart/body weight ratio, enlarged cardiomyocyte diameters, and augmented myocardial fibrosis. Hemodynamic measurements revealed an increased ejection fraction (EF) in untreated ATIP1-KO mice, and reduced end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes (ESV and EDV), which in sum reflects a compensated concentric cardiac hypertrophy. Importantly, no significant differences in blood pressure (BP) were observed. Chronic angiotensin II (AngII) infusion resulted in an increase of BP and EF in ATIP1-KO and WT mice. Reduction of ESV and EDV occurred both in ATIP1-KO and WT, but to a lesser extent in ATIP1-KOs. Isolated cardiomyocytes exhibited a significantly increased contractility in ATIP1-KO and accelerated Ca2+ decay. AngII treatment resulted in increased fractional shortening in WT but decreased shortening in ATIP1-KO, accompanied by accelerated cell relaxation in WT but absent effects on relaxation in ATIP1-KO cells. The AT2-agonist CGP42112A increased shortening in WT cardiomyocytes but again did not affect shortening in ATIP1-KO cells. Relaxation was accelerated by CGP42112A in WT, but unaffected in ATIP1-KO cells. We here show that ATIP1-deficiency results in spontaneous cardiac hypertrophy in vivo and that ATIP1 is a downstream signal in the AT2-pathway regulating cell contractility. We hypothesize that the latter effect is due to a disinhibition of the AT1-pathway by impaired AT2-signaling.