bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A hydrological framework for persistent river pools in semi-arid environments
Authors: Bourke Sarah A. , Shanafield Margaret , Hedley Paul , Dogramaci Shawan
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Persistent surface water pools along non-perennial rivers represent an important water resource for the plants, animals, and humans that inhabit semi-arid regions. While ecological studies of these features are not uncommon, these are rarely accompanied by a rigorous examination of the hydrological and hydrogeological characteristics that create or support the pools. Here we present an overarching framework for understanding the hydrology of persistent pools based on data from 22 pools in the Hamersley Basin in Western Australia. Three dominant mechanisms that control the occurrence of persistent pools have been identified; perched pools, through flow pools and groundwater discharge pools. Groundwater discharge pools are further categorized into those that are present because of a geological contact or barrier, and those that are controlled by topography. A suite of diagnostic tools (including geological mapping, hydraulic data and hydrochemical surveys) is generally required to identify the mechanism supporting persistent pools. Perched pools are sensitive to climate variability but their persistence is largely independent of groundwater withdrawals. Water fluxes to pools from alluvial and bedrock aquifers can vary seasonally and resolving these inputs is generally non-trivial. The susceptibility of through-flow and groundwater discharge pools to climate variations and groundwater withdrawals depends on the mechanism of pool persistence and the spatial distribution of stressors relative to the pool. Although this framework was developed in the context of north-western Australia, this framework can also be applied to pools and springs found along non-perennial rivers around the world.
Historical and future changes in global flood magnitude – evidence from a model–observation investigation
Authors: Do Hong Xuan , Zhao Fang , Westra Seth , Leonard Michael , Gudmundsson Lukas , Boulange Julien Eric Stanislas , Chang Jinfeng , Ciais Philippe , Gerten Dieter , Gosling Simon N. , Müller Schmied Hannes , Stacke Tobias , Telteu Camelia-Eliza , Wada Yoshihide
Published: April 2020

Abstract. To improve the understanding of trends in extreme flows related to flood events at the global scale, historical and future changes of annual maxima of 7 d streamflow are investigated, using a comprehensive streamflow archive and six global hydrological models. The models' capacity to characterise trends in annual maxima of 7 d streamflow at the continental and global scale is evaluated across 3666 river gauge locations over the period from 1971 to 2005, focusing on four aspects of trends: (i) mean, (ii) standard deviation, (iii) percentage of locations showing significant trends and (iv) spatial pattern. Compared to observed trends, simulated trends driven by observed climate forcing generally have a higher mean, lower spread and a similar percentage of locations showing significant trends. Models show a low to moderate capacity to simulate spatial patterns of historical trends, with approximately only from 12 % to 25 % of the spatial variance of observed trends across all gauge stations accounted for by the simulations. Interestingly, there are statistically significant differences between trends simulated by global hydrological models (GHMs) forced with observational climate and by those forced by bias-corrected climate model output during the historical period, suggesting the important role of the stochastic natural (decadal, inter-annual) climate variability. Significant differences were found in simulated flood trends when averaged only at gauged locations compared to those averaged across all simulated grid cells, highlighting the potential for bias toward well-observed regions in our understanding of changes in floods. Future climate projections (simulated under the RCP2.6 and RCP6.0 greenhouse gas concentration scenarios) suggest a potentially high level of change in individual regions, with up to 35 % of cells showing a statistically significant trend (increase or decrease; at 10 % significance level) and greater changes indicated for the higher concentration pathway. Importantly, the observed streamflow database under-samples the percentage of locations consistently projected with increased flood hazards under the RCP6.0 greenhouse gas concentration scenario by more than an order of magnitude (0.9 % compared to 11.7 %). This finding indicates a highly uncertain future for both flood-prone communities and decision makers in the context of climate change.
Highly Stable Magic Angle Spinning Spherical Rotors Lacking Turbine Grooves
Authors: Osborn Popp Thomas M. , Däpp Alexander , Gao Chukun , Chen Pin-Hui , Price Lauren E. , Alaniva Nicholas H. , Barnes Alexander B.
Published: April 2020

Abstract. The use of spherical rotors for magic angle spinning offers a number of advantages including improved sample exchange, efficient microwave coupling for dynamic nuclear polarization nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments and, most significantly, high frequency and stable spinning with minimal risk of rotor crash. Here we demonstrate the sim- ple retrofitting of a commercial NMR probe with MAS spheres for solid-state NMR. We analyze a series of turbine groove geometries to investigate the importance of the rotor surface on spinning performance. Of note, rotors lacking any surface modification spin rapidly and stably even without feedback control. The high stability of a spherical rotor about the magic angle is shown to be dependent on its inertia tensor rather than the presence of turbine grooves.
Canva
Authors: Gehred Alison Paige
Published: April 2020

Canva is a comprehensive design tool that is simple to use and wonderful for pros and beginners alike. Canva is highly recommended for organizations that want to try new and unique ways of designing library materials. Librarians will enjoy using this program and expressing themselves as they create library brands and accompanying materials.
Una profesora 'flâneuse' en París. Cartografías en la formación inicial de docentes
Authors: Alonso-Sanz Amparo
Published: April 2020

Este estudio se fundamenta en las bases de la deriva artística, como técnica etnográfica para explorar el territorio urbano, iniciada por Surrealistas y Situacionistas. La autora investiga las particularidades de ser flâneuse (observadora deambulante de las ciudades) en París, durante un mes, desde una perspectiva feminista de esta práctica. Desde una mirada docente se observa la ciudad como lugar de aprendizajes del futuro profesorado para su formación inicial. El objetivo es hallar estrategias artísticas de diseño cartográfico asociadas a derivas, con las que reflexionar visualmente sobre la experiencia de la ciudad y aplicarlas a la formación inicial del profesorado de secundaria en artes visuales. Se emplea la A/R/Tografía como método propio de la Investigación Basada en las Artes que permite combinar los intereses artísticos, de investigación y docentes. Se analizan las experiencias de deriva y se clasifican según distintas categorías, que emparejan modos opuestos de experimentar la ciudad: sola o en compañía familiar; a paso lento o corriendo; en superficie o subterráneas. Los resultados son 6 cartografías que muestran diferentes formas de representar los resultados de las derivas: estética, técnica y conceptualmente. Estas cartografías visibilizan el modo de experimentar la ciudad por una mujer y sirven para ejemplificar a futuros docentes su uso en el registro de aprendizajes.
Ironía, parodia y recepción en el cine bajo el franquismo. De 'Esa pareja feliz' (Luis García Berlanga, 1951) a 'Furia española' (Francesc Betriu, 1974)
Authors: Nieto-Ferrando Jorge
Published: April 2020

Este artículo analiza la ironía y la parodia como estrategias de un discurso fílmico elusivo en la situación de falta de libertad de expresión generada por la censura franquista. Trabajamos sobre un corpus de películas amplio y diverso, para evitar la singularidad poco representativa de los análisis de casos concretos, lo que también permite apreciar la evolución en el uso ambos recursos. Atendemos sobre todo a las condiciones básicas para su recepción, como la existencia de lugares compartidos entre los autores y los públicos, la necesidad de que estos últimos configuren un autor implícito al que atribuir cierta intencionalidad y, en relación con lo anterior, la presencia una serie marcadores en los textos que suscitan la interpretación irónica o permiten apreciar la existencia de textos parodiados. La práctica de la ironía y la parodia alimentan la existencia de una comunidad de receptores capacitada para su interpretación, y esta se amplía considerablemente en los últimos años del franquismo. Finalmente, las ironías y las parodias nunca se quedan en mero juego textual, y en muchos casos están al servicio de la sátira.
La cotidianidad en los cuentos de Mendoza Hernández: experiencia estética e ironía
Authors: Pardo-Fernández Rodrigo , Larios-Medina Fco.
Published: April 2020

Este trabajo busca, a partir de la lectura de dos cuentos del escritor Primo Mendoza Hernández recogidos en su libro Territorios (2009), reflexionar sobre la experiencia estética y la ironía como elementos que trascienden el texto ficcional y establecen una relación directa con la realidad extratextual. En este caso, el barrio del que proviene Mendoza Hernández y donde se sitúan sus relatos es Tepito, una zona del centro de la ciudad de México que se configura de manera clara como ejemplo cuando se busca describir un espacio conflictivo, con rasgos claramente identitarios. La ironía y la experiencia estética se reconfiguran en las ficciones como elementos que rompen el orden acostumbrado de un lugar consolidado en sus tradiciones, lo que hace posible su lectura y recomposición interpretativa.
Estudio de los factores de estudiantes y aulas que intervienen en el 'engagement' y rendimiento académico en Matemáticas Discretas
Authors: González-Ramírez Teresa , García-Hernández Alién
Published: April 2020

Investigaciones actuales muestran que el engagement hacia el aprendizaje de la Matemática Discreta y su rendimiento académico no alcanzan los niveles deseados. Este trabajo pretende identificar las características de los estudiantes y las aulas que influyen en el engagement (EMD) hacia el aprendizaje de la Matemática Discreta y en el rendimiento académico (RMD). La muestra se compone de 728 estudiantes de primer curso agrupados en 40 aulas en la Universidad de Ciencias Informáticas (Cuba). Con el objetivo de conocer las variables de estudiantes y aulas que son predictoras de las variables dependientes se realizó un análisis multinivel multivariado. La autoeficacia percibida, la utilización de las tecnologías y la satisfacción con los materiales de estudio son factores de los estudiantes que explican el EMD y el RMD. A nivel de aula resultan significativas el tipo de actividad, el grado de retroalimentación que se logre y el ambiente de aprendizaje.
Opiniones relativas a la inclusión de los alumnos con necesidades educativas especiales mostradas por futuros maestros de infantil y primaria
Authors: Abellán Jorge , Sáez-Gallego Nieves M.
Published: April 2020

Las actitudes de los maestros hacia la inclusión del alumnado con necesidades educativas especiales son clave a la hora de afrontar con éxito el proceso de inclusión educativa. Es por ello por lo que el principal objetivo de este trabajo es explorar las opiniones relativas a la inclusión mostradas por futuros maestros de infantil y primaria. Un total de 421 futuros maestros completaron la versión actualizada y en castellano del Opinions Relative to Integration of Students with Disabilities Scale (ORI) de Antonak y Larrivee (1995). Los resultados indican que los futuros maestros muestran una actitud muy positiva hacia la inclusión, aunque no se perciben suficientemente formados para llevarla a cabo con éxito. Los participantes que manifiestan estar más a favor de la inclusión son las mujeres; los alumnos de cursos superiores y, por tanto, con mayor edad; y aquellos participantes con contacto previo. Se propone que en los planes de formación docente se incluya más formación y actividades de contacto con el objetivo de que los futuros maestros se perciban como más preparados ante el reto de la inclusión.
La experimentación educativa, social y técnica en los medialabs universitarios
Authors: Villa María Isabel , Marulanda Alfredo , Molina Tomás
Published: April 2020

El presente estudio explora las actividades, los proyectos y las líneas de acción de veinticuatro medialabs de instituciones de educación superior elegidos a partir de un sistema no probabilístico. Sobre la muestra se aplica un análisis de contenido cualitativo para mapear las características de los laboratorios. Siguiendo un proceso inductivo de categorización, el estudio identifica como ejes de trabajo destacados iniciativas que materializan los principios de la inteligencia colectiva, impulsan la transformación de los sistemas de enseñanza y aprendizaje, y promueven el uso del lenguaje audiovisual y multimedia dentro y fuera del aula. Los resultados subrayan patrones de enseñanza que estrechan los vínculos de las instituciones con sus entornos sociales. Las iniciativas encontradas muestran de qué manera los medialabs facilitan nuevas formas de alcanzar el conocimiento en áreas tan variadas como el arte, el diseño, el periodismo o la ingeniería a través del uso de la tecnología.
Importancia de la tutorización para el éxito del Trabajo de Fin de Grado
Authors: Molina Jaén Mª Dolores , Rodríguez Moreno Javier , Colmenero Ruiz Mª Jesús
Published: April 2020

El presente trabajo ha pretendido conocer la opinión que tienen los alumnos que cursan el Trabajo Fin de Grado (TFG) en la Universidad de Jaén y en el Centro Universitario SAFA de Úbeda, en el Grado de Educación Infantil, ya que en dicho trabajo se desarrollan competencias necesarias para la consecución del Grado, aunando teoría, práctica e investigación. Para ello se ha diseñado un cuestionario que cumple con la necesaria fiabilidad y validez, estructurado en dos grandes bloques; por un lado, se pretendía caracterizar los participantes en esta investigación (género, edad, Universidad de matriculación, nota de acceso a la universidad y nota media en el Grado) y un segundo, constituido por 33 ítems acerca de las percepciones que tiene el alumnado sobre el Trabajo Fin de Grado en Educación Infantil. Se ha estructurado en cuatro dimensiones que son: Proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje del TFG (4 ítems), Tutorización (11 ítems), Evaluación (9 ítems) y Aplicabilidad del TFG (9 ítems), posibilitando tomar en consideración las conclusiones y que ponen de manifiesto, entre otras cuestiones, la importancia de aspectos como el proceso enseñanza aprendizaje, las TIC o la Tutorización. En las conclusiones hemos detectado que el alumnado de Grado de Educación Infantil valora especialmente la tutoría, pero es necesario que el profesorado universitario redefina su rol y sea consciente de la importancia de esta asignatura y que esta se desarrolle en aras a las competencias con las que se originó.
Los nuevos órdenes de Moisés y los Grandes: Maquiavelo sobre el combate de la envidia
Authors: Tavera Villegas Hugo David
Published: April 2020

En pasajes tanto de El Príncipe como de los Discursos sobre la primera década de Tito Livio, Maquiavelo asocia la resistencia a la introducción de nuevos órdenes con la envidia. Si bien en ninguno de éstos ofrece un tratamiento sistemático de este afecto, de su uso en ciertos contextos derivan consecuencias teóricas relevantes, particularmente en lo referente al aseguramiento de nuevas instituciones. Especialmente relevante en este sentido es la interpretación que realiza del episodio bíblico sobre el becerro de oro (Discursos, III, 30), evento al que interpreta como una rebelión en contra de Moisés motivada por la envidia. De una lectura “sensata” de este pasaje, sugiero, se derivan dos conclusiones: que los enemigos de las instituciones mosaicas eran los “grandes” y que el único modo de combatir a los envidiosos es armando al pueblo
Políticas de la psychē. La exclusión inclusiva del eidōlon y el gobierno de los vivientes
Authors: Prósperi Germán Osvaldo
Published: April 2020

En este artículo me propongo demostrar, rectificando los análisis propuestos por Byung-Chul Han en Psychopolitik y por Giorgio Agamben en Il Regno e la Gloria, tres tesis correlativas: 1) la política occidental es originariamente psicopolítica; 2) la psicopolítica se ha constituido a partir de una preeminencia de la vida (la psychē como hálito vital) y una correlativa exclusión inclusiva del eidōlon (la psychē como imagen del difunto); 3) este proceso encuentra su formulación paradigmática en Platón, quien identifica a la psychē con la esencia viviente del hombre y a la política con el gobierno de los seres vivos.
Un instante de tiempo que lo transforma todo. Revolución marxista y construcción de situaciones en la Internacional Situacionista
Authors: Morales Bonilla Cristopher
Published: April 2020

Una de las mayores contribuciones de la I.S. fue el de transformar la concepción del cambio revolucionario. Partiendo de una superación del viejo concepto moderno de “revolución”, los situacionistas entendieron que la transformación social solo era posible en el terreno de la vida cotidiana, es decir, en el conjunto de gestos y rutinas que conforman la vida de cada uno de los individuos y las comunidades.
La representación en debate. Una lectura sobre la crítica benjaminiana al pensamiento de Carl Schmitt
Authors: Bialakowsky Guillermo
Published: April 2020

El presente artículo se propone examinar el debate que Walter Benjamin establece con Carl Schmitt al interior de las Tesis “Über den Begriff der Geschichte” (“Sobre el concepto de historia”). Se buscará sostener que el problema de la representación constituye la clave hermenéutica para comprender el vínculo entre la reformulación benjaminiana de las nociones de tiempo e historia y su crítica a las ideas de Schmitt. Partiendo de la disputa en torno a la célebre noción de “estado de excepción” (Ausnahmezustand), se rastrearán los elementos que puedan dilucidar el alcance de dicha crítica. Finalmente, se analizarán las implicancias que se desprenden de la disputa desarrollada.
Anacharsis Cloots, La República Universal, ed. de F.J. Espinosa, Pamplona, Laetoli, 2018, 224 pp.
Authors: López Hernández José
Published: April 2020

Reseña del libro de Anacharsis Cloots, La República Universal, ed. de F.J. Espinosa, Pamplona, Laetoli, 2018, 224 pp.
Javier Bassas Vila, Jacques Rancière: ensayar la igualdad, Barcelona, Gedisa, 2019, 144 pp.
Authors: Sánchez Santiago Alfredo
Published: April 2020

Reseña del libro de Javier Bassas Vila, Jacques Rancière: ensayar la igualdad, Barcelona, Gedisa, 2019, 144 pp.
Beyond Liveness: Experimentation in the Stand-Up Special
Authors: Gillota David
Published: April 2020

A live audience is typically considered an essential component for a stand-up comedy performance. For this reason, most recorded stand-up specials use various formal devices in order to try to make the special feel as “live” as possible. This article considers a number of comedians who challenge and complicate these conventions. Comedians such as Chelsea Peretti, Fred Armisen, and Maria Bamford utilize different forms of editing and filming or record their “live” acts in nontraditional venues. This results in stand-up specials that parody or subvert traditional recorded stand-up. This element of parody or subversion challenges basic assumptions about televisual stand-up even as it serves to complement and reinforce the content of a comedian's stage performance. It also establishes the stand-up special as a distinct text in its own right, as opposed a “next-best-thing” approximation of the live performance. Finally, experimental stand-up specials complicate the ways in which we understand the relationship between a comedian and his or her audience.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Business Research, Vol. 13, No. 4
Authors: Duran Kevin
Published: April 2020

Reviewer acknowledgements for Journal Title, Vol. 13, No. 4, 2020.
A Model of Animals Phenotype with Superior Growth
Authors: Stass V. L.
Published: April 2020

The aim of this study is to model and analyse a dynamic of feed conversion coefficient in pigs' ontogeny. Feed conversion is a process that couples feed intake, and growth. While there has been much research into the problem, a quantitative relation between the traits has not been revealed. The study considers feed as nutrient weight rather than its energy or a separate feedstuff. A main task of the research is to find out an analytical function between the traits. It is expected that the study will provide a new insight into the problem.

Animals are open systems; they need feed to sustain life, to grow and develop. It is plausible to suppose that growth of animal is a function of feed conversion and body weight. To find out and analyse this function a deterministic model of growth was built. The model was built as a dynamic system that describes the growth of individual animals. Both continuum and discrete-time modelling techniques are employed. The model is based on a data set obtained in experiments and field observations. Theoretical notions about the growth have been used for the model analyses.

It is shown that in ontogeny feed conversion and growth rate are functionally related traits. Between the traits, there is a nonlinear relation that concerns the growth rate, and feed conversion coefficient. In the model, the feed conversion coefficient is the variable that determines the dynamic of growth.
Frequency of Ectasia among Patients with Coronary Atherosclerosis by Angiography Dual Source & 64 CT SLICE Evaluatin
Authors: Motevalli Marzie , Jalali Mohammad , Najarian Raheleh , Rahnama Fahimeh , Yazdani Shahrooz
Published: April 2020

Introduction: The aim of this study is Frequency of ectasia among patients with coronary atherosclerosis.

Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, which retrospectively had evaluated a percentage of total frequency ectasia among patients with coronary atherosclerosis by angiography Dual a source & 64 CT SLICE between 2007-20012 in Imag Center of Imam Khomeini Hospital and shahid Rajai Hospital.

Results: Totally 2770 patients were enrolled in the study. The frequency of ectasia among all patients was 42 [1.5%]. The frequency of stenosis in patients with LAD ectasia was 36.8% [7 out of 19] while the frequency of LAD stenosis in other patients was 59.5% [1637 out of 2751] [P=0.045]. Distribution of stenosis in ecstatic LCx and RCA was not statistically different with patients without non ecstatic LCx and RCA. [P=0.47 and 0.45 respectively]. In patients with ectasia, the frequency of stenosis was 71.4 while it was 64.4% in patients without ectasia [P=0.35].

Discussion: Furthermore, detection and investigation of Ectasia in patients with stenosis will lead to more accurate determination of the treatment plan and the purpose of this study is finging a new assess prevalence of morphological changes Ectasia by CT angiography and coronary sclerosing Prevalence this group of patients.
The study on the interaction of Epigallocatechin gallate with bovine serum Albumin
Authors: Davaadulam Gombosuren , Tamara Maamuu , Gerelsuren Nyamaa
Published: April 2020

In this study, we investigated the interaction of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) with bovine serum albumin (BSA) by fluorescence method and protein‐ligand docking. We separated EGCG from green tea using the chromatographic method and analyzed structural activity relationships of the EGCG. The results show that EGCG is a strong quencher of BSA fluorescence and binds with BSA with high affinity. The binding parameters (binding constant, the number of binding sites) were determined by the Ward equation. From the thermodynamic parameters, calculated according to the van’t Hoff equation, the enthalpy change ΔH°, and entropy change ΔS° were found to be -22.67 kJ/mol and 14.92 J/mol/K, respectively. These values suggest that apart from an initial hydrophobic association, the complex is held together by electrostatic and hydrogen bonding. In the docking simulation, the lowest free energies for the interaction of EGCG with tryptophan residues was −21.92kJ/mol (Trp134) and −24.7 kJ/mol (Trp213). The binding between EGCG and BSA consists of hydrogen bonds (Trp213) and hydrophobic interactions (Trp134).
Profiles, potential and string tension of the flux tube in SU(2) and SU(3) lattice gauge theories
Authors: Chagdaa Sodbileg , Galsandorj Enkhtuya , Purev Battogtokh
Published: April 2020

In this work, we have studied SU(2) and SU(3) gauge theories explaining the colour interaction of a quark and an antiquark, and their identical and dissimilar properties. Using both gauge theories, we have performed simulations under similar conditions and have studied the differences in the results obtained. We have compared the transverse and longitudinal profiles of the chromoelectric and chromomagnetic components of the field strength,  potential, and temperature-dependent string tension of the flux tube. The potential between the quark and antiquark of the SU(3) theory was larger than that of the SU(2) under all temperatures. The string tension of SU(3) tends to stabilize starting from the critical temperature while that of SU(2) has a gradual decreasing feature.
Reciclant Brossa: una experiència didàctica de poesia experimental en la formació inicial de mestres
Authors: Contreras Barceló Elisabet , Torrents Sunyol Julieta
Published: April 2020

Aquesta investigació té l’objectiu d’explorar la concepció de la poesia i la seva didàctica que tenen els estudiants d’Educació Infantil i Infantil i Primària a través d’una experiència amb la poesia objecte de Joan Brossa. En primer lloc es va presentar l’autor i la seva obra i després els estudiants van crear un poema objecte que havien d’acompanyar d’una proposta didàctica. A partir de l’anàlisi de qüestionaris i reflexions, els resultats mostren que hi ha hagut un increment del gust per la poesia, així com una creixent percepció de la necessitat de treballar aquest tipus de poesia a l’escola, tant pel fet que suposa un aprenentatge significatiu en si mateix, com per l’educació estètica i emocional que proporciona als infants.
An interview with Jonathan Rosa, expert in language, race, and education
Authors: Gallego-Balsà Lídia
Published: April 2020

Jonathan Rosa is Associate Professor in the Gradu-ate School of Education, Center for Comparative Studies in Race and Ethnicity, and, by courtesy, Departments of Anthropology and Linguistics at Stanford University. His research combines sociocul-tural and linguistic anthropology to study the co-naturalization of language and race as a key feature of modern governance. Specifically, he analyzes the interplay between racial marginalization, linguistic stigmatization and educational inequity. Dr. Rosa is author of the book, Looking like a Language, Sounding like a Race: Raciolinguistic Ideologies and the Learning of Latinidad (2019, Oxford University Press) and co-editor of the volume Language and Social Justice in Practice (2019, Routledge). In addi-tion to his formal scholarly research, Dr. Rosa is an ongoing participant in public intellectual projects focused on race, education, language, youth, (im)migration, and U.S. Latinxs. His work has ap-peared in scholarly journals such as Language in Society, American Ethnologist, American Anthro-pologist, and the Journal of Linguistic Anthropolo-gy, as well as media outlets such as MSNBC, NPR, CNN, and Univision.
What Influences Demand for Legal Aid? Logit Analysis with Use of Classical Model Averaging
Authors: Florczak Waldemar , Grabowski Wojciech
Published: April 2020

The aim of this paper to identify, by means of relevant literature survey, and then to quantify – using representative panel of individual questionnaire data and a logit model – the impact of relevant factors affecting demand for legal aid in Poland. The set of explanatory variables contains objective factors – such as income, age, education, gender, marital status, place of residence, occupational status – as well as subjective ones, such as personal attitude towards law, knowledge of law, social capital or social activity. It follows from the results obtained on a representative sample of adult Poles that the number of factors influencing the occurrence of a legal problem is large, the factors themselves being beyond the scope of direct and intentional impact of the state. Thereby, it seems reasonable to allocate the funds devoted to the funding and functioning of the reformed legal aid system in Poland on the basis of the population size criterion. In view of the relative scarcity of quantitative research into the issues raised in the paper frequentist model averaging method has been also used to confirm/reject the conclusions draw on the basis of the logit model. However, this has not altered the afore-mentioned conclusions in any significant way.
Monte Carlo comparison of LCCA- and ML-based cointegration tests for panel var process with cross-sectional cointegrating vectors
Authors: Kębłowski Piotr
Published: April 2020

Small-sample properties of bootstrap cointegration rank tests for unrestricted panel VAR process are considered when long-run cross-sectional dependencies occur. It is shown that the bootstrap cointegration rank tests for the panel VAR model based on levels canonical correlation analysis are oversized, whereas the bootstrap cointegration rank tests based on maximum likelihood framework are undersized. Moreover, the former tests are in general outperformed by the latter in terms of performance. The results of the investigation indicate that the ML-based bootstrap cointegration rank tests perform well in small samples for small-sized panel VAR models with a few cross-sections.
Multi-asset portfolio with trapezoidal fuzzy present values
Authors: Piasecki Krzysztof , Siwek Joanna
Published: April 2020

The main purpose of the following paper is to present characteristics of a multi-asset portfolio in case of present values of composing financial instruments being modelled by a trapezoidal fuzzy number. Throughout the analysis a fuzzy expected discount factor and imprecision risk assessments are calculated. Thanks to that, there arises a possibility to describe the influence of portfolio diversification on imprecision risk. Presented theoretical inference and obtained conclusions are supported by numerical example.
Decomposition of gender pay gap by means of counterfactual distribution construction using hazard functions
Authors: Landmesser Joanna M. , Urbańczyk Dominika M.
Published: April 2020

The aim of this research is to decompose the gender pay gap in Poland along its distribution, based on the European Survey of Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) in 2014. The possibility of estimating conditional cumulative distribution function using a flexible hazards models with independent variables was applied in the analysis. The used method allowed to explain the structure of income inequalities between men and women and to infer the influence of individual person's characteristics on the observed differences.
It was recognised that the increase in gender inequalities was accompanied by the income growth. The size and share of the unexplained by the model part grew with the amount of income, while the elucidated one was characterised by negative values. It proves that women share characteristics that are more preferred by employers.
Environmental effects of fiscal expansion — application of the RBC model
Authors: Krajewski Piotr , Krajewski Piotr , Mackiewicz Michał , Piłat Katarzyna
Published: April 2020

The aim of the article is to analyse the impact of expansionary fiscal policy, involving an overall increase in government expenditure, on the condition of the natural environment and, more specifically, on air pollution. The analysis is based on the Real Business Cycle (RBC) model. The results of the simulations indicate that expansionary fiscal policy, contributing to GDP growth, also results in deterioration of air quality. The analysis also shows that in the longer term, the main mechanism by which this policy affects the level of air pollution emission is the accumulation of public capital. Therefore, in order to minimise the negative effects of fiscal expansion on the environment, it is particularly important to invest in pro-ecological public investments.
Efficiency measurement of public higher education institutions using DEA, SFA and StoNED methods
Authors: Brzezicki Łukasz , Prędki Artur
Published: April 2020

The article evaluates the efficiency of the didactic and scientific activity of 58 public academic institutions in 2014 using the DEA, SFA and StoNED (comparative analysis of the results). The result of the didactic activity was measured by the number of graduates, and scientific activity by the number of conferred academic degrees; in both cases of the number of academic staff, non-teaching staff, and the value of capital assets were assumed as an input.
The research evaluated the ratio of production observed to the maximum for the number of graduates and conferred degrees. The results and interpretations were presented separately for particular types of higher education institutions, separately in terms of didactic and scientific spheres. Higher efficiency measures, regardless of the applied research method, were obtained in the field of didactic activity. The mean value of the didactic activity efficiency obtained by the DEA method was 0.7844, SFA 0.8756, and StoNED 0.8564, whereas in terms of scientific activity 0.6690, 0.7351 and 0.6190 respectively. The results indicate that universities are more focused on didactic activity, which is their main source of funding, adapting their resources to it. Less attention is paid to the scientific activity, which is the second fundamental sphere of these institutions’ functioning.
Synthetic evaluation of disparities in sustainable development of European Union countries
Authors: Bąk Iwona , Cheba Katarzyna
Published: April 2020

Consistent socio-economic development is one of the strategic goals of the European Union (EU) functioning. The research results presented in the literature focus mainly on the comparison of the position occupied by certain EU countries with respect to other member countries. However, it is also important to address the issue of the EU consistency and to assess the extent of development disparities between individual member countries. The aim of the study is a comparative analysis of the disproportions between the EU countries in the area of sustainable development. Sustainable development indicators for the years 2008—2014 available in the Eurostat database were used in the paper. A dynamic version of the relative taxonomy proposed by Stanisław Wydymus was used in the study. The analysis showed that there are strong disproportions in the development of the EU member countries — it turned out that in every geographical region of Europe there are countries with high positions in the ranking, as well as those with low positions. The leader in the whole analysed period was Sweden, with the last place taken by Malta.
Statistics on Polish lands under Prussian rule
Authors: Łazowska Bożena
Published: April 2020

The article was prepared on the basis of the query in Polish as well as German printed and archival sources: research papers, contributions, monographs, historical studies and statistical lexicons, including most of all voluminous series of Royal Prussian Statistical Office in Berlin and publications of Imperial Statistical Office of German Reich.
The article describes results of statistical research performed by Prussian Offices concerning Polish lands under Prussian rule, Poles in the Prussian census and urban statistics of cities of Wroclaw, Berlin and Poznan as well as Polish statisticians acting in Prussia and Polish scientific societies under Prussian partition dealing with economic research. The literature on the subject was also analysed and the usefulness of Prussian statistics in historical research (especially on demography and economic issues) in relation to the development of Polish lands under Prussian rule was evaluated.
Application dilemmas of the Genuine Progress Indicator for Poland
Authors: Sulik Joanna , Sulik Joanna
Published: April 2020

The aim of the article is to present the Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI) as tool for measuring welfare concerning of the principles of sustainable development. GPI belongs to the group of synthetic indicators expressed in monetary units. The application of monetary measure allows to link national accounts with GPI. The article describes the indicator’s concept and its structure according to the framework developed in the years 2013—2016 GPI 2.0. It was presented how its components are computed in American research. This description of GPI was supplemented by remarks on potential feasibility of computing and using GPI 2.0 under Polish conditions.
Assessment of the gender impact on the form of exit from unemployment
Authors: Bieszk-Stolorz Beata
Published: April 2020

Numerous researches indicate that the situation of men and women on the labour market varies. In order to equalise opportunities, labour offices offer various forms of activisation to the unemployed. However, it was observed that besides deregistering people taking up employment, removal of persons, who did not accept offered position, from the register was a common reason. The aim of the research is to assess the influence of gender of the unemployed persons on the intensity of deregistration due to taking up employment, cancelling or other causes. These reasons constitute various types of competing events. In order to assess the probability of deregistration, the Kaplan-Meier estimator was used and to determine the intensity of deregistration for a specific reason — the Lunn-McNeil model. In the research individual data of persons registered in the Powiat Labour Office in Szczecin in the years 2013 and 2014 were used. The results of the research show that intensity of finding a job was higher for women than for men. Women were also more rarely cancelled from the registry. In the case of other reasons, differences in the intensity of deregistration in terms of sex were not statistically significant.
Use of DEA method in the analysis of sustainable socio- economic development of EU countries
Authors: Rosiek Janusz
Published: April 2020

One of the key challenges currently faced by the European Union countries is ensuring sustainable socio-economic development. The article aims to present the results of the study concerning the effectiveness of expenditures incurred by the EU countries on sustainable development and their effects, tak ing into account the average three-year delay between the expenditures and the effects of the implemented policy. Data Envelopment Analysis was employed in the research. As an approximate measure of sustainability, the DEA efficiency indicator was used. This was due to the fact that the indicator was constructed on the basis of the value of expenditures and effects, which were crucial for the assessment and comparison of the degree of sustainable development. The research covered 28 EU countries and was carried out on the basis of data collected by Eurostat for the years 2011—2013 (expenditures) and 2014—2016 (effects).
In general it can be stated that all analysed countries were characterized by high values of sustainable development indicators, which proves that the implementation of the EU sustainable development policy is highly effective. However, it is worth noting that the ranking of the countries considered to be the most economically developed is relatively low. In order to explain this fact, further indepth theoretical and empirical analyses are required.
Spatial diversification of socio-economic potential of the regions in Poland and Germany, particularly considering the Polish-German borderland
Authors: Jurkowska Barbara
Published: April 2020

The aim of the article is to demonstrate differences in various aspects of socio-economic life between the states of Germany and voivodships of Poland. Particular attention was devoted to the regions of the Polish-German borderland: Zachodniopomorskie, Lubuskie and Dolnośląskie voivodships and the neighbouring German states: Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Brandenburg and Saxony. As a result of conducted taxonomic research, diversification among particular German states and voivodships in terms of socio-economic development was obtained.
Hellwig’s taxonomic method was used in the research of the level of socio- -economic development of Poland and Germany. The study was based on data from Statistics Poland (GUS) and the Federal Statistical Office (Statistisches Bundesamt) in Germany. The analysis concerned years 2014—2017. The conclusions of the study are as follows: the greatest asset of the Polish regions is their demographic potential, which, combined with economic and innovation opportunities of the German regions, may become a stimulus for development in other areas of socio-economic life of the entire Polish-German borderland.
Problems in the commercialisation of innovations in the member countries of the European Union
Authors: Baruk Jerzy
Published: April 2020

The aim of the article is to compare the results of research on problems related to the commercialisation of innovations in enterprises operating in the European Union (EU) member countries. The analysis was based on the results of research conducted in February 2015 and 2016 by Kantar TNS Political & Social, which identified 10 major problems hindering the commercialisation of innovative goods and services, with their prevalence varying in frequency and scope.
The research revealed the commonness of specific obstacles that were identified as the major problems in the commercialisation of innovations. These hindrances included, i.a., a lack of financial resources.
Differences in Approach to Building a Professional Career among Representatives of Generations BB, X, and Y
Authors: Smolbik–Jęczmień Alicja
Published: April 2020

The article looks at the issue of different approaches to building a professional career among selected representatives of the Baby Boomer, X, and Y generations who graduated from the University of Economics in Wroclaw. Based on the study of literature that is available on the subject as well as empirical research, an attempt was made to identify basic expectations and attitudes towards work as exhibited by the examined graduates and to present recommendations for human resource management practitioners. The research was conducted in 2017 using the diagnostic survey method with an online survey questionnaire that was made available at the University of Economics. The results of the study indicate that there exist identifiable differences in approach to building a professional career that depend on generation association. Moreover, building what is known as cross–generational solidarity should be pursued in teams diversified in terms of age. This should be done with reference to various areas of the professional career—something respondents felt was missing. Representatives of the older generations, who hold valuable knowledge as well as experience and worldly wisdom, should act as mentors for younger coworkers. And vice versa, younger generations might assist their older colleagues in filling their competence gap in new technologies.
Potential of Microalgal Biodiesel: Challenges and Applications
Authors: Veeramuthu Ashokkumar , Ngamcharussrivichai Chawalit
Published: April 2020

In the present scenario, rapid industrialization and urbanization have led to a dramatic increase in the levels of various hazardous pollutants in the environment, and this creates a serious threat to humankind. Today, most of the energy production comes from fossil fuel combustion, which is the key source of CO2 emissions. Research studies show that the utilization of microalgae could be the best option for the production of renewable and sustainable energy and for the mitigation of CO2 emission. Production of biofuels from microalgae can be classified as solid (biochar), liquid (bioethanol, biodiesel, bio-kerosene), and gaseous (biogas, bio-syngas, biohydrogen) fuels. Among these biofuels, biodiesel garners a lot of interest and attention because of its high accumulation of lipids (20–75%), which could be a potential alternative fuel for diesel engines. Algal lipids usually have a higher viscosity than petro-diesel; therefore, the transesterification process is required to decrease the viscosity of microalgal lipids before they can be combusted in the engines. However, microalgae are considered as a potential resource in the current biofuel industries; still, it fails at the commercial level. Thus, in this book chapter, we have discussed the microalgal biofuel production and the challenges behind and the future prospects.
Automatic Control of the Structure of Dynamic Objects in High-Voltage Power Smart-Grid
Authors: Petrovich Nikiforov Andrey
Published: April 2020

The control and protection algorithms for the considered class of dynamic facilities with a tunable structure are considered. Their relevance follows from the concepts of the development of the electric power industry—smart grid, digital substation and outsourcing services. The properties of this class of dynamic objects are spatial distribution, many options for changing the structure and motion in vibrational circuits at natural frequencies from ultra-high to ultra-low. The input coordinate of the dynamic objects is the vector of the change in the structure of the object. The output coordinate is the power of a special semantic signal about the state of the facilities. Their management is carried out as part of the stabilisation system of the normal operation of the facility. Stabilisation is achieved by the criterion of the minimum deviation of the power of the semantic signal from the ‘normal mode’ setting of operation. Executive bodies rebuild the structure of the dynamic facility in a pulsed, programmatic way, using the possibilities of self-healing and resource reservation. If stabilisation is not possible, the damaged area is excluded from the facility. The problem of the stability of the system turned out to be the lack of sufficient information about the state of the object and the similarity of the structure and significance of unrecognisable semantic situations to the main situations. Control algorithms are synthesised by the developed structural-informational (SI) method of dynamic pattern recognition.
Echocardiographic Features in Canine Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease: An Animal Model for Human Mitral Valve Prolapse
Authors: Suh Sang-Il , Lu Ta-Li , Choi Ran , Hyun Changbaig
Published: April 2020

Myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is the most common heart disease in dogs and has many similarities to human mitral valve prolapse (MVP). Transthoracic echocardiography is a non-invasive method for making a diagnosis and predicting the progression of heart failure (HF) in dogs and humans with mitral regurgitation (MR). It enables clinicians to detect the mitral valve (MV) lesions, to evaluate MR severity, and to assess its impact on cardiac remodeling, myocardial function, left ventricular (LV) filling pressures, as well as pulmonary arterial pressure. Furthermore, advanced ultrasound technologies such as tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), strain and strain rate imaging, and two-dimensional (2D) speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) provide a better assessment of global and regional myocardial function. Although the severity of MR and HF in dogs with MMVD is being evaluated as similar to human cardiology, the veterinary cardiologists are more focused on the severity of cardiac remodeling and cardiac dysfunction caused by MR, because surgical restoration of defected mitral apparatus is rarely done in dogs. The chapter will review conventional echocardiographic features of MMVD in dogs to provide a better understanding of the similarities and discrepancies between canine MMVD and human MVP to veterinary and human cardiologists and researchers.