bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new geological map of the Lau Basin (southwestern Pacific Ocean) reveals crustal growth processes in arc-backarc systems
Authors: Stewart Margaret S. , Hannington Mark D. , Emberley Justin , Baxter Alan T. , Krätschell Anna , Petersen Sven , Brandl Philipp A. , Anderson Melissa O. , Mercier-Langevin Patrick , Mensing Rebecca , Breker Kaitlyn , Fassbender Marc L.
Published: February 2022

A 1:1,000,000-scale lithostratigraphic assemblage map of the Lau Basin (southwestern Pacific Ocean) has been created using remote predictive mapping (RPM) techniques developed by geological surveys on land. Formation-level geological units were identified in training sets at scales of 1:100,000–1:200,000 in different parts of the basin and then extrapolated to the areas where geological data are sparse. The final compilation is presented together with a quantitative analysis of assemblage-level crustal growth based on area-age relationships of the assigned units. The data sets used to develop mapping criteria and an internally consistent legend for the compilation included high-resolution ship-based multibeam, satellite- and ship-based gravity, magnetics, seafloor imaging, and sampling data. The correlation of units was informed by published geochronological information and kinematic models of basin opening. The map covers >1,000,000 km2 of the Lau-Tonga arc-backarc system, subdivided into nine assemblage types: forearc crust (9% by area), crust of the active volcanic arc (7%), backarc rifts and spreading centers (20%), transitional arc-backarc crust (13%), relict arc crust (38%), relict backarc crust (8%), and undivided arc-backarc assemblages (<5%), plus oceanic assemblages, intraplate volcanoes, and carbonate platforms. Major differences in the proportions of assemblage types compared to other intraoceanic subduction systems (e.g., Mariana backarc, North Fiji Basin) underscore the complex geological makeup of the Lau Basin. Backarc crust formed and is forming simultaneously at 12 different locations in the basin in response to widely distributed extension, and this is considered to be a dominant pattern of crustal accretion in large arc-backarc systems. Accelerated basin opening and a microplate breakout north of the Peggy Ridge has been accommodated by seven different spreading centers. The result is an intricate mosaic of small intact assemblages in the north of the basin, compared to fewer and larger assemblages in the south. Although the oldest rocks are Eocene (~40 m.y. old basement of the Lau and Tonga Ridges), half of the backarc crust in the map area formed within the last 3 m.y. and therefore represents some of the fastest growing crust on Earth, associated with prolific magmatic and hydro-thermal activity. These observations provide important clues to the geological evolution and makeup of ancient backarc basins and to processes of crustal growth that ultimately lead to the emergence of continents.
Voltammetric DNA Sensor Based on Redox-Active Dyes for Determining Doxorubicin
Authors: Kappo D. , Kuzin Yu. I. , Shurpik D. N. , Stoikov I. I. , Evtyugin G. A.
Published: February 2022

We proposed a voltammetric DNA sensor based on glassy carbon modified with carbon black, pillar[5]arene, and electropolymerized Neutral Red. To increase signal sensitivity, Methylene Blue in monomeric and polymeric forms was introduced into the surface layer of the DNA sensor as a specific DNA intercalator and electron transfer mediator. The electrochemical characteristics of the coating are determined, depending on the composition and the preparation method; a consistent change in the peak currents of dyes is observed during the incubation of a DNA sensor in a solution of doxorubicin as a model anticancer drug. Under optimal conditions, the DNA sensor enables the determination of 10 nM to 0.1 mM of doxorubicin. Doxorubicin can also be determined in synthetic blood plasma.
Spectrometric Determination of the Total Concentration of Single-Type Analytes Using Conventional Multidimensional Calibrations
Authors: Vlasova I. V. , Vershinin V. I.
Published: February 2022

Multidimensional calibrations can be used for the spectrometric determination of the total concentration (cΣ) of similar substances; these calibrations relate the generalized signals (AΣ)j measured at different wavelengths (λj) with the concentrations of these analytes (ci) and their absorption coefficients (kij). Such calibrations are conventionally used for the separate determination of analytes, while the ci values are calculated using chemometric algorithms. To find cΣ, one should only take a sum of the found ci values. Despite the simplicity of this type of group analysis, it is rarely used, and its capabilities have not been studied. It is unclear how the accuracy of the cΣ estimate depends on the number of analytical wavelengths (AWLs), the number of standards, and other factors. The purpose of this study was to obtain relevant information using an example of model mixtures of arenes. The absorption spectra of arene mixtures were recorded in the region 230–280 nm, where these spectra are additive. We analyzed 55 hexane solutions containing three to six arenes with a total concentration of 0.1–0.5 mg/mL. The qualitative composition of the model mixtures was considered to compose the matrix of absorption coefficients of individual arenes. The ci values were found by multiple linear regression (MLR, direct calibration). With a sufficiently large number of AWLs, the found ci values were close to zero for arenes absent in the sample and close to the actual ci values for the present arenes. The summation of the found ci gave approximately correct estimates of cΣ (±5%). The single errors of the group analysis were, as a rule, smaller than the errors of the determination of the mixture components. The complication of the model (the introduction of “extra” standards and an increase in the number of AWLs) did not affect the accuracy of the results of group analysis, and the simplification of the model increased errors. If only the most typical standards were used to form the model, the values of kij of which covered the entire range of possible values of kij, the presence of components in the sample that were not taken into account by the simplified model did not lead to a noticeable increase in errors.
Early prediction of treatment response in rheumatoid arthritis by quantitative macrophage PET
Authors: Verweij Nicki , Zwezerijnen Gerben , ter Wee Marieke , de Jongh Jerney , Yaqub Maqsood , van Schaardenburg Dirkjan , Lammertsma Adriaan , Voskuyl Alexandre , Lems Willem , Boers Maarten , van der Laken Conny
Published: February 2022

Objective

To determine whether macrophage positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) imaging using (R)-[11C]PK11195 at 0 and 2 weeks is associated with clinical response at 13 weeks in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods

Whole-body (R)-[11C]PK11195 PET/CT scans were performed at baseline and after 2 weeks of COBRA-light (combination therapy of methotrexate and prednisone) treatment in 35 patients with clinically active early RA. Clinical assessment (Disease Activity Score of 44 joints (DAS44)) was performed at 0, 2 and 13 weeks of treatment. PET/CT scans were assessed visually by two blinded, experienced readers, and by calculating standardised uptake values (SUVs) for shoulders, elbows, hips, knees, and hand and feet joints. Clinical and PET variables were compared using (multivariate) linear regression.

Results

18 males and 17 females were included (baseline DAS44=3.2 ± 1.0). 171 out of 1470 joints were visually PET positive at baseline, decreasing to 100 joints after 2 weeks. In general, small feet joints showed the highest uptake at baseline, and the largest decrease after 2 weeks (Δ0-2). Neither baseline nor Δ0-2 PET measures correlated with DAS44 at 13 weeks. However, at 2 weeks, average SUV of the feet significantly correlated with DAS44 at 13 weeks (R2=0.14, p=0.04). In a multivariable model, DAS44 and average SUV of the feet at 2 weeks showed substantial combined predictive value (combined R2=0.297, p<0.01).

Conclusion

Quantitative macrophage PET assessment of feet joints, together with DAS44, after 2 weeks of COBRA light treatment in patients with early RA correlates with clinical response after 3 months of treatment.
Estimating the numbers of aquatic birds affected by oil spills: pre-planning, response, and post-incident considerations
Authors: Fraser G.S. , Robertson G.J. , Stenhouse I.J. , Ellis J.I.
Published: February 2022

Oil spills most visibly affect waterbirds and often the number of birds affected, a key measure of environmental damage from an incident, is required for public communication, population management, and legal reasons. We review and outline steps that can be taken to improve accuracy in the estimation of the number of birds affected in each of three phases: (1) pre-planning; (2) during a response; and (3) post-response. The more pre-planning undertaken, the more robust the estimates will be. Personnel involved in damage assessment efforts must have training in quantitative biology and need support during all three phases. The main approaches currently used to estimate the number of birds affected include probability exposure models and carcass sampling — both onshore and on the water. Probability exposure models can be used in the post-incident phase, particularly in offshore scenarios where beached bird surveys are not possible, and requires three datasets: (1) at-sea bird densities; (2) bird mortality; and (3) the spill trajectory. Carcass sampling using beached bird surveys is appropriate if trajectories indicate affected birds will reach shore. Carcass sampling can also occur via on-water transects and may overlap with risk assessment efforts. Damage assessment efforts should include a measure of sublethal effects following the post-acute phase of spills, yet this area has significant knowledge gaps. We urge jurisdictions worldwide to improve pre-incident planning. We provide guidance on how, in the absence of pre-incident data, quality data can be obtained during or after an incident. These recommendations are relevant for areas with aquatic-based industrial activities which can result in a spill of substances that could injure or kill waterbirds.
Anomaly Detection Using Hybrid Neuro Genetic Model
Authors: Pokuri Srinivasa Rao , Devarakonda Nagaraju
Published: February 2022

With a steady increase in the population of Internet users, a plethora of network services have emerged on the global level. As an offshoot of this phenomenal rise in network services and their capabilities riding on the wave of internet, we are witnessing a massive risk of attacks on network security. Many security vulnerabilities are exposed and exploited by attackers, endangering the safety of massive amounts of data. To improve a network’s effectiveness, it’s critical to detect network traffic anomalies accurately and quickly. A new hybrid model that effectively detects anomalies in network services is proposed in this work. The genetic phase and NN phase represent the 2-phased approach making each one dependent on the other for weight assignment and prediction. The genetic phase generates optimal weights for classification of normal and anomaly patterns. The NN phase learns the input output relationship of network patterns employing GA in the training phase. Detection is accomplished using trained NN and it utilizes pre-processed KDD dataset containing normal and abnormal samples for training. The outcomes demonstrated that the suggested approach outperforms all other algorithms.
Analysis of the Construction of Dance Teaching System Based on Digital Media Technology
Authors: Yang Xuan
Published: February 2022

In the special performance prediction model of dance cadets, the physical form quality index is regarded as the dependent variable and the special achievement is regarded as the dependent variable. The results of association analysis and cluster analysis showthat there are 6 specific items of higher sensitivity in body shape, physical quality and special quality. Neural network is adopted to build prediction model, and reliability and error analysis are carried out for this model. The test results show that the model constructed by the neural network is more accurate than the regression model to predict the dance performance and the development level of the physical quality.
Natural Vibrations of a Cylindrical Shell with Fluid Partly Resting on a Two-Parameter Elastic Foundation
Authors: Bochkarev Sergey A.
Published: February 2022

This paper presents the results of studies on natural vibrations of circular cylindrical shells containing liquid and resting on an elastic foundation, which is described by the Pasternak two-parameter model. In the meridional direction, the elastic medium is nonuniform and represents an alternation of sections in which the foundation is present or absent. The behavior of the elastic structure and the compressible fluid is described in the framework of classical shell theory based on the Kirchhoff–Love hypothesis and the Euler equations. The equations of motion of the shell are reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations with respect to new unknowns. The wave equation written for pressure in the fluid also reduces to a system of ordinary differential equations using the straight line method. The solution of the formulated boundary value problem is found by the Godunov orthogonal sweep method. The validity of the results obtained is confirmed by comparison with the known numerical-analytical solutions. The dependences of the minimum vibration frequencies on the characteristics of elastic medium with variable nonuniformity along the length of the structure have been obtained for cylindrical shells with different boundary conditions. It has been found that the violation of smoothness of the derived dependences is caused by a change of the vibration mode with minimum frequency and is determined both by the ratio of the size of the elastic foundation to the entire length of the shell and its stiffness, and also by a combination of boundary conditions set at the edges of the thin-walled structure.
Dynamic Strain Aging in AA5182 Alloys at a Wide Range of Temperatures
Authors: Song Yooseob , Kim Jae-Hyun , Yeon Jaeheum
Published: February 2022

The dynamic strain aging (DSA) on the mechanical behavior of AA5182 aluminum alloys is investigated through theoretical and numerical methods at a wide range of temperatures. This study proposes a physically-based constitutive model to explain the DSA-induced hardening of AA5182 aluminum alloys. This proposed constitutive model consists of two main components, athermal and thermal components. Between two main components, an athermal component contains an extra hardening caused by the DSA. To describe this hardening, a probability density function is introduced as a function of equivalent plastic strain, equivalent plastic strain rate, and temperature. The results show that this function can precisely describe characteristics of the DSA hardening. Experimental data obtained in the literature are utilized to examine the validity of the proposed model. Lastly, finite element (FE) solution for the proposed model is presented and validated by comparing with experimental data.
Novel Carbon Dots Based on Pseudomonas aeruginosa for High Selectivity Detection of Cr6+ and Bioimaging Both in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Zhang Chunting , Zheng Xiaodan , Bai Yufan , Luo Qian , Shang Junjie , Xie Liguo , Wei Yunlin
Published: February 2022

Hexavalent chromium (Cr[Formula: see text]), a heavy metal ion, is widely used in a variety of industries, but it is an environmental pollutant and a recognized human carcinogen. Highly selective quantitative detection of Cr[Formula: see text] is important for environmental pollution monitoring and early disease prevention in humans. In this study, nitrogen-containing carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) were synthesized by hydrothermal carbonization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and were found to be efficient detectors of Cr[Formula: see text], with a detection limit (LOD) of 0.23 nmol L[Formula: see text](nM). N-CQDs were detectable in plant leaves and onion cells and successfully stained cell membranes and nuclei. Multi-colored images revealed that in Caenorhabditis elegans, N-CQDs entered the digestive tract through ingestion, spared rapidly throughout the body, and were excreted though the anus within 40 min. Synthesis of fluorescent N-CQDs can be exploited to increase the use and a range of applications of bacterial resources. The study methods and results also provide theoretical guidance for future research into the development of bacterial resources.
SOT-MRAM-based Binary Neural Networks Demonstration for Single Character Recognition
Authors: Zhao Dongyan , Wang Yubo , Chen Yanning , Shao Jin , Fu Zhen , Liu Fang , Bai Yue , Zhao Faqiang , Zhong Mingchen , Pan Cheng , Dong Yi , Cao Kaihua
Published: February 2022

With the substantial increase in the amount of data, the mismatch between the processing speed of the hardware and the software results in the ‘Memory Wall’ problem. Processing-in-memory (PIM), in which the compute and memory units are integrated, can avoid frequent data transmission. Binary neural network (BNN) uses binary weights and activations instead of full-precision weights and activations in the convolutional neural network, which reduces computational complexity with minor influence on accuracy. In this paper, we used a one-step operation to write a pair of SOT-MRAM cells and verified the two basic operations in BNN: XNOR and bitcount. Then, we employed an external control circuit with FPGA and accomplished ‘I’ single-character recognition based on vector-matrix multiplication in the SOT-MRAM array.
Coastal processes and landforms
Authors: Spencer Tom , French Jon R.
Published: February 2022

This chapter charts developments in the study of coastal processes and landforms in the period between the 1960s and the end of the millennium, focusing on efforts to understand better sandy beaches, barriers and barrier islands, deltas and estuaries, tidal flats and marshes, and coral reefs. The period saw the emergence of a dual focus on, first, the elucidation of landscape history from morphological and, later, stratigraphic evidence; and, second, the relationships between shoreline morphology and processes of sediment movement. Particularly noteworthy was the integration of a broad spectrum of space scales and timescales in a conceptual framework that became known as ‘coastal morphodynamics’.
Detailed Placement for Dedicated LUT-Level FPGA Interconnect
Authors: Nikolić Stefan , Zgheib Grace , Ienne Paolo
Published: February 2022

In this work, we develop timing-driven CAD support for FPGA architectures with direct connections between LUTs. We do so by proposing an efficient ILP-based detailed placer, which moves a carefully selected subset of LUTs from their original positions, so that connections of the user circuit can be appropriately aligned with the direct connections of the FPGA, reducing the circuit’s critical path delay. We discuss various aspects of making such an approach practicable, from efficient formulation of the integer programs themselves, to appropriate selection of the movable nodes. These careful considerations enable simultaneous movement of tens of LUTs with tens of candidate positions each, in a matter of minutes. In this manner, the impact of additional connections on the critical path delay more than doubles, compared to the previously reported results that relied solely on architecture-oblivious placement.
ScatterVerif: Verification of Electronic Boards Using Reflection Response of Power Distribution Network
Authors: Mosavirik Tahoura , Ganji Fatemeh , Schaumont Patrick , Tajik Shahin
Published: February 2022

The globalization of electronic systems’ fabrication has made some of our most critical systems vulnerable to supply chain attacks. Implanting spy chips on the
printed circuit boards (PCBs)
or replacing genuine components with counterfeit/recycled ones are examples of such attacks. Unfortunately, conventional attack detection schemes for PCBs are ad hoc, costly, unscalable, and error prone. This work introduces a holistic physical verification framework for PCBs, called
ScatterVerif
, based on the characterization of the PCBs’ power distribution network. First, we demonstrate how scattering parameters, frequently used for impedance characterization of RF circuits, can characterize the entire PCB with a single measurement. Second, we present how a class of machine learning algorithms, namely the Gaussian mixture model, can be applied to the measurements to automatically classify/cluster the genuine and tampered/counterfeit PCBs. We show that these attacks affect the overall impedance of a PCB differently in various frequency ranges, hence the conventional impedance measurements using a constant-frequency electrical stimulus might leave the attack undetected. We conduct extensive experiments on counterfeit and tampered devices and demonstrate that these attacks can be detected with high confidence. Finally, we show that the acquired data from the power distribution network characterization can also be deployed for fingerprinting genuine PCBs.
Sorting in Memristive Memory
Authors: Alam Mohsen Riahi , Najafi M. Hassan , Taherinejad Nima
Published: February 2022

Sorting data is needed in many application domains. Traditionally, the data is read from memory and sent to a general-purpose processor or application-specific hardware for sorting. The sorted data is then written back to the memory. Reading/writing data from/to memory and transferring data between memory and processing unit incur significant latency and energy overhead. In this work, we develop the first architectures for in-memory sorting of data to the best of our knowledge. We propose two architectures. The first architecture is applicable to the conventional format of representing data, i.e., weighted binary radix. The second architecture is proposed for developing unary processing systems, where data is encoded as uniform unary bit-streams. As we present, each of the two architectures has different advantages and disadvantages, making one or the other more suitable for a specific application. However, the common property of both is a significant reduction in the processing time compared to prior sorting designs. Our evaluations show on average 37 × and 138× energy reduction for binary and unary designs, respectively, compared to conventional CMOS off-memory sorting systems in a 45 nm technology. We designed a 3×3 and a 5×5 Median filter using the proposed sorting solutions, which we used for processing 64×64 pixel images. Our results show a reduction of 14× and 634× in energy and latency, respectively, with the proposed binary, and 5.6× and 152×10
3
in energy and latency with the proposed unary approach compared to those of the off-memory binary and unary designs for the 3 × 3 Median filtering system.
From the President: How International Is ECS?
Authors: Blom Gerard
Published: February 2022

Recently I attended a meeting in Bologna, Italy, as a guest of the ECS European Section. The meeting was organized by the Italian Chemical Society and co-sponsored by ECS. Together with the leaders of other electrochemical scientific organizations, such as the International Society of Electrochemistry (ISE), the Electrochemical Society of Japan (ECSJ), and several European societies, I had an opportunity to speak to the attendees.
Free Radicals: Wired
Authors: Hall Dale
Published: February 2022

They’re everywhere, and they’re taking over. Not little green beings from outer space, but computers. They’re small, fast, powerful, increasingly inexpensive—and that’s just the beginning.
Control of the Micro-Defects on the Surface of Silicon Wafer in Chemical Mechanical Polishing
Authors: Zhao Qun , Xie Shunfan , Wang Hanxiao , Yang Luyao , Mei Xukun , He Yangang
Published: February 2022

The final polishing of silicon results in the irresistible formation of micro-defects (i.e., particle residues and scratches) on the surface. In view of this problem, the synergistic effect of surfactants and water-soluble polymers in inhibiting the micro-defects on the silicon surface was studied in this paper to improve the wettability of the slurry and reduce the micro-flocculation of abrasive particles. The results showed that the total number of residual particles (≥0.06 μm) on the polished surface was reduced from 24,784 to 277 with the adsorption of cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-9). The water-soluble polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) polymer could coat on the SiO2 abrasives, inhibit the flocculation of abrasive particles, avoid scratches on the silicon surface and further reduce the number of residual particles (≥0.06 μm) to 67 on the polished surface. Furthermore, a contact angle analyzer was used to characterize the wettability of the components in the slurry, and a large particle counter was used to analyze the changes in the number of large particles in the slurry component. Finally, a mechanism of surfactants and a water-soluble polymer combined system was proposed to suppress the micro-defects on the surface of the silicon wafer.
Antibiofilm Activity, Glucose Absorption, and Surface Roughness of Two Denture Liners Incorporated with Carbon Nanoparticles
Authors: Ataol Ayse Seda , Ergun Gulfem , Genc Rukan , Sarac Nurdan , Baygar Tuba , Ugur Aysel
Published: February 2022

This study researched the effect of the addition of carbon nanoparticles (CNs) on the bacterial adhesion, glucose sorption, weight change, and surface roughness of two types of denture liners (Ufigel and Viscogel). CNs were added to liners in four different percentages (0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, and 10%, respectively) by weight (n=10). The biofilm inhibition percentages, glucose sorption, weight change and surface roughness of the CN added denture liners were determined. When the number of independent groups was >2, data analyses were applied using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) or the Kruskal-Wallis test, where appropriate. A p value <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. The highest antibiofilm activity was obtained against C.albicans in the 10% CN added soft denture liner group (51.13%). In terms of the glucose sorption, the addition of CN was not found to have a statistically significant effect on the denture liner groups (p > 0.05). The highest surface roughness values were obtained in the 10% CN added test group (tissue conditioner; 4.95 ± 1.12 μm). This study showed that the addition of CN into two denture liners showed significant antibiofilm effect against C. albicans and S. aureus.
Approaches to Federated Computing for the Protection of Patient Privacy and Security Using Medical Applications
Authors: Ahmed Osman Sirajeldeen , Omer Emad Eldin , Alshawwa Samar Zuhair , Alazzam Malik Bader , Khan Reefat Arefin
Published: February 2022

Computing model may train on a distributed dataset using Medical Applications, which is a distributed computing technique. Instead of a centralised server, the model trains on device data. The server then utilizes this model to train a joint model. The aim of this study is that Medical Applications claims no data is transferred, thereby protecting privacy. Botnet assaults are identified through deep autoencoding and decentralised traffic analytics. Rather than enabling data to be transmitted or relocated off the network edge, the problem of the study is in privacy and security in Medical Applications strategies. Computation will be moved to the edge layer to achieve previously centralised outcomes while boosting data security. Study Results in our suggested model detects anomalies with up to 98 percent accuracy utilizing MAC IP and source/destination/IP for training. Our method beats a traditional centrally controlled system in terms of attack detection accuracy.
Detection of mecA and 16S rRNA Genes Using Real‐Time PCR Can Be Useful in Diagnosing Iliopsoas Abscess, Especially in Culture‐Negative Cases: RT‐PCR for Iliopsoas Abscess
Authors: Choe Hyonmin , Kobayashi Naomi , Ito Yohei , Ike Hiroyuki , Tezuka Taro , Takeyama Masanobu , Kawabata Yusuke , Inaba Yutaka
Published: February 2022

The rapid detection of etiological agents is important for the successful treatment of iliopsoas abscess (IPA). The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical utility of a real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that targets the mecA gene for methicillin‐resistant staphylococci (MRS) and the 16S rRNA gene for pan‐bacteria. Our retrospective diagnostic study included 22 patients exhibiting IPAs and four patients with noninfectious iliopsoas mass regions who underwent computerized tomography or ultrasonography‐guided biopsy and/or surgical treatment. Clinical symptoms, serum data, imaging analysis, and tissue microbiological culture were utilized for the diagnosis of IPA. The diagnostic accuracy of real‐time PCR was determined based on the diagnosis of IPA and microbiological culture results. The microbiological culture was positive for 12 IPA cases that included 2 MRSA infections. Among 12 culture‐positive IPA cases, 16S rRNA‐PCR was positive in 12 and MRS‐PCR in two. Among 10 culture‐negative IPA cases, including 3 TB cases, 16S rRNA‐PCR was positive in 8 and MRS‐PCR in 2. In noninfectious iliopsoas mass patients, neither 16S rRNA nor MRS‐PCR detected bacterial DNA. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive, and negative predictive values of 16S rRNA‐PCR for diagnosing IPA were 0.91, 1.00, 1.00, and 0.67, respectively, while those for the diagnosis of MRS infection with MRS‐PCR were 1.00, 0.92, 1.00, and 0.50, respectively. Real‐time PCR targeting bacterial DNA can detect bacterial DNA in culture‐negative cases and offer improved detectability of MRS infection in IPA patients.
Automatic Production Technology of Data News Based on Machine Learning Model
Authors: Li Zheng
Published: February 2022

Data news does not appear out of nowhere. It is the result of the press’s ongoing exploration and innovation as part of the ongoing development of information technology. It is based on early computer-assisted news reporting, statistical news and precise news. In terms of theory and technology, it is a game-changer. The media industry is most sensitive to new technologies and is most willing to apply new technologies in the entire process of news reporting, such as information acquisition, content production and management, and content release, in an era of great changes in the popularity of the Internet and the in-depth application of data processing technology in all walks of life. The data news intelligent production platform investigated and designed in this paper, when combined with current emerging technologies, such as big data, cloud computing, and machine learning algorithms, realizes intelligent and automatic news production, ushering traditional news into an era of intelligence, knowledge, and digitization. Machine learning has made significant progress in the automatic production of data news technology and will continue to do so in the future information society.
Analysis of the Model for Sports Enhancing Human Health Using Data Mining
Authors: Wang Ruiqing , Han Lei
Published: February 2022

The problems of low reliability and the high fitting degree of mutual information feature extraction of traditional sports to human health enhancement model are analyzed. We analyze and study the sports to human health enhancement model using data mining. The model consists of a data layer, a logic layer, and a presentation layer. Sports project data, real-time sports data, and health monitoring data are collected in the data layer, and the collected data are transmitted to the logic layer. The logical layer uses the dynamic difference feature classification algorithm of data mining to fuse human health data, extract the mutual information features of human health, and input the features into the long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network, which outputs the pattern recognition results of sports health after forward and reverse operations. The results of sports health pattern recognition are input into the display layer, and the enhancing effect of sports on human health is presented for users by constructing a model of sports on human health. The results show that the effect of sports on human health enhancement analyzed by the model in this paper is extremely accurate, which can significantly improve the health level of community residents and college students. When the number of data is about 600, it remains at about 0.05, indicating that this model has high reliability, and the fitting degree of mutual information feature extraction is up to 99.82%. It has certain practical application value.
Effect of Shenfu Injection on Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Pacemaker-Like Cells and Improvement of Pacing Function of Sinoatrial Node
Authors: Chen Qi , Kang Liang , Li Yihua , Lin Zina , Chu Qingmin , Cai Yinhe , Wu Wei , Wang Song , Qing Lijin , Zhao Xinjun , Li Rong
Published: February 2022

Sick sinus syndrome (SSS), a complex type of cardiac arrhythmia, is a major health threat to humans. Shenfu injection (SFI), a formula of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is effective in improving bradyarrhythmia. However, the underlying mechanism of SFI’s therapeutic effect is subject to few systematic investigations. The purpose of the present research is to examine whether SFI can boost the differentiation effectiveness of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) into pacemaker-like cells and whether the transplantation of these cells can improve the pacing function of the sinoatrial node (SAN) in a rabbit model of SSS. BMSCs from New Zealand rabbits were extracted, followed by incubation in vitro. The flow cytometry was utilized to identify the expression of CD29, CD44, CD90, and CD105 surface markers. The isolated BMSCs were treated with SFI, and the whole-cell patch-clamp method was performed to detect hyperpolarization-the activated cyclic nucleotide-gated potassium channel 4 (HCN4) channel current activation curve. The SSS rabbit model was established using the formaldehyde wet dressing method, and BMSCs treated with SFI were transplanted into the SAN of the SSS rabbit model. We detected changes in the body-surface electrocardiogram and recorded dynamic heart rate measurements. Furthermore, transplanted SFI-treated BMSCs were subjected to HE staining, TUNEL staining, qPCR, western blotting, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to study their characteristics. Our results indicate that the transplantation of SFI-treated BMSCs into the SAN of SSS rabbits improved the pacing function of the SAN. In vitro data showed that SFI induced the proliferation of BMSCs, promoted their differentiation capacity into pacemaker-like cells, and increased the HCN4 expression in BMSCs. In vivo, the transplantation of SFI treated-BMSCs preserved the function of SAN in SSS rabbits, improved the expression of the HCN4 gene and gap junction proteins (Cx43 and Cx45), and significantly upregulated the expression of cAMP in the SAN, compared to the SSS model group. In summary, the present research demonstrated that SFI might enhance the differentiation capacity of BMSCs into pacemaker-like cells, hence offering a novel approach for the development of biological pacemakers. Additionally, we confirmed the effectiveness and safety of pacemaker-like cells differentiated from BMSCs in improving the pacing function of the SAN.
DC-BiGRU-CNN Algorithm for Irony Recognition in Chinese Social Comments
Authors: Dong Yuanfang , Zhang Yitong , Li Jun
Published: February 2022

Irony recognition is an important research direction in text sentiment analysis, which contributes to discover ironic tone to judge text emotion correctly. The object of this paper is the application of deep learning to irony recognition, and the research aims to solve the problem that existing machine learning algorithms have difficulty in discriminating ironic tones. Aiming at the irony recognition of Chinese social comments, DC-BiGRU-CNN is proposed from the perspective of structural optimization rather than a text vectorization mechanism point of view, which is a dual-channel CNN combined with BiGRU, and incorporates attention mechanism and multigranularity convolutional neural network as the main framework. This paper first briefly discusses the difficulties of irony recognition and provides an overview of existing text sentiment analysis algorithms. This is followed by a detailed discussion of DC-BiGRU-CNN. Furtherly, it is compared with the main irony recognition methods on a social comment dataset containing Chinese ironic comments, and the experimental results show that DC-BiGRU-CNN can improve the accuracy of irony recognition.
The Effects of Passive Simulated Jogging on Parameters of Explosive Handgrip in Nondiabetics and Type 2 Diabetics: A Single Arm Study
Authors: Adams Jose A. , Lopez Jose R. , Banderas Veronica , Sackner Marvin A.
Published: February 2022

Aims. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with sarcopenia and decreased muscle strength. Explosive and isometric voluntary handgrip strengths (EHGS and HGS) are frequently utilized methods to ascertain health status and a marker of overall muscle strength. We have previously shown that a portable, motorized device, which produces effortless, rapid stepping in place (passive simulated jogging device (JD)), improves glucose homeostasis. This study quantitatively evaluated the effects of JD in modifying parameters of the modified EHGS curve in T2D and nondiabetic (ND) subjects. Methods. Twenty‐one adult participants (11 ND and 10 T2D) (mean age: 41.3 ± 13.5 yr) performed a modified explosive handgrip strength (EHGS) test on study day 1 followed by daily use of JD (90 min per day) for 7 days. The EHGS was repeated after 3 and 7 days’ use of JD (JD3 and JD7) and 3 days after completion of JD (Carryover). EHGS curves were analyzed for the following: maximal peak force value (MAX); rate of force development at 25%,75%, and 90% of maximum force; and maximum force (RFD25%, RFD75%, RFD90%, and RFDmax); time to 90%, 75%, and 25% of maximal force (t90, t75, t25) and time to maximal force (tmax); and the integrated area under the curve for force vs. time until task failure (iAUCTF); and fatigue resistance times at 50% and 25% of maximal force (FR50 and FR25) and fatigue resistance time to task failure (FRTF). Results. At baseline, T2D had lower MAX compared to ND. There were no differences at baseline for force development time or fatigue resistance time between T2D and ND. In both T2D and ND, 7 days of JD increased FR25 and FRTF and iAUCTF compared to baseline. Conclusion. JD for at least 7 days prior to EHGS increased time to task failure (fatigue resistance) and iAUCTF of the force‐time curve. JD is a reasonable intervention to decrease sedentary behavior and improve muscle fatigue resistance under various clinical and nonclinical scenarios. This trial is registered with NCT03550105 (08‐06‐2018).
Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Level Is Associated with Aortic Stiffness in Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis
Authors: Chiu Liang-Te , Hung Chi-Di , Lin Lin , Lin Yu-Li , Hsu Bang-Gee
Published: February 2022

Background. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21) is a hormone that regulates glucose and lipid metabolism. High serum FGF-21 levels are associated with carotid atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the relationship between serum FGF-21 levels and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD). Methods. Blood samples and baseline characteristics were collected from 130 HD patients. Serum FGF-21 concentrations were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Aortic stiffness was defined as a carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) of more than 10 m/s. Results. Of the 130 HD patients, aortic stiffness was diagnosed in 54 (41.5%). Serum FGF-21 levels were significantly higher in those with aortic stiffness than those without

P
<
0.001

. The FGF-21 level was independently associated with aortic stiffness (odds ratio (OR): 1.008; 95% CI: 1.003–1.012;

P
=
0.001

) after adjusting for diabetes mellitus, age, hypertension, C-reactive protein, and body weight in multivariable logistic regression analysis. Multivariable forward stepwise linear regression analysis also confirmed that the logarithmically transformed FGF-21 level (β = 3.245, 95% CI: 1.593–4.987,

P
<
0.001

) was an independent predictor of cfPWV values. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve predicting aortic stiffness by the serum FGF-21 level was 0.693 (95% CI: 0.606–0.771,

P
<
0.001

). Conclusions. Serum FGF-21 level positively correlates with cfPWV and is also an independent predictor of aortic stiffness in maintenance HD patients.
Prevention of Hepatorenal Insufficiency Associated with Lead Exposure by Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Beverages Using In Vivo Assay
Authors: El-Hashash Samah A. , El-Sakhawy Mohamed A. , El-Nahass Eman E. , Abdelaziz Mohamed A. , Abdelbasset Walid Kamal , Elwan Mona M.
Published: February 2022

Lead pollution is a major environmental challenge worldwide. Therefore, dietary interventions that are aimed at preventing lead’s deleterious effects on body organs are needed. The study’s goal was to study and compare the protective effect of cold and hot beverages of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) red calyces (CRB and HRB, respectively) on liver and kidney insufficiency associated with lead exposure in male rats. Adult albino rats (32 males) were divided into four groups of equal number, including a normal control (group 1), while groups from 2 to 4 received lead acetate (20 mg/kg body weight/day) and were kept untreated (group 2). The 3rd and the 4th groups received CRB and HRB (0.5 ml/100 g body weight/day), respectively, for 6 weeks. The gain in the body and relative weights of the liver and kidneys were calculated. Liver and kidney functions were determined in serum, while lead, delta‐aminolevulinic acid dehydratase, and oxidative stress markers were established in tissues. Specimens from the liver and kidney of sacrificed rats were histopathologically examined. The total activity of antioxidants and total content of anthocyanin of both beverages were determined. Lead exposure resulted in its accumulation in tissues, leading to overweight and liver and kidney insufficiency along with oxidative stress, which was further confirmed by histological staining. CRB was more efficient than HRB in preventing the deleterious effects of lead intoxication. Due to their antioxidant properties, the present study proved that Roselle red calyx beverages, particularly the cold ones, are protective agents against lead‐associated disorders in a rat model.
The Neuronal Transcription Factor Creb3l1 Potential Upregulates Ntrk2 in the Hypertensive Microenvironment to Promote Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell-Neuron Interaction and Prevent Neurons from Ferroptosis: A Bioinformatic Research of scRNA-seq Data
Authors: Zhao Xiaoyu , Yang Jie , Yang Chuanhua
Published: February 2022

Background. There is still a lack of knowledge regarding the association between hypertension and ferroptosis. A single-cell approach was used to study the changes in neuropeptide expression as they might contribute to the mechanisms leading to ferroptosis in a hypertensive microenvironment. Methods. We analyzed 11798 cells from the SHR group and 12589 cells from the WKY group of mouse arterial cells. CellPhoneDB was used for cell communication analysis, and the SCENIC method was used to identify key transcription factors in neurons. The correlation between Ntrk2 and ferroptosis-related genes was further analyzed and validated via quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results. The arterial cells were clustered into six cell types. Ligand-receptor analysis suggested that Ngf, Ntf3, Cxcr4, and Ntrk2 were key neuropeptide-related genes involved in the communication between vascular smooth muscle cells and neural cells. In the hypertensive microenvironment, the neuronal transcription factor Creb3l1 appears to play a key role in the upregulation of Ntrk2 to promote the interaction between neurons and vascular smooth muscle cells. An association between Ntrk2 and the ferroptosis death inhibitor Gpx4 was suggested. RT-qPCR experiments confirmed that Ntrk2 downregulation in neural cells was followed by downregulated expression of Gpx4. Conclusions. Creb3l1, a key transcription factor in vascular neurons, may upregulate Ntrk2 to promote vascular smooth muscle cell-neuron interaction and thereby potentially prevent ferroptosis in neurons.
Security Design of University Campus Landscape Based on BIM
Authors: Zhao Liyuan
Published: February 2022

With the dawn of the knowledge economy, China's university campus construction has reached its pinnacle. However, there are numerous issues with the related construction process, such as scale imbalances, architectural style convergence, loss of environmental characteristics, and a lack of spirit of place on many university campuses, all of which eventually lead to incompatibility between campus architecture and landscape environment, dilution of campus cultural atmosphere, and lack of sustenance for university humanistic spirit. The quality of the campus landscape has become a key criterion for judging the campus environment, as it has a significant impact on the overall environment, image, and quality of the campus. To improve the quality of the campus landscape environment, landscape design must be considered as part of architectural planning and design, and campus architecture and landscape must be integrated. Campus landscape engineering construction has a full life cycle, and construction safety has an impact on the overall situation. To ensure construction safety throughout the life cycle, a solid mathematical model of construction safety management should be established. This paper proposes using Building Information Modeling (BIM) to conduct research on landscape security, starting with the development of university campus landscapes and using mobile edge computing technology.
Quality Improvement of College Students’ Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education Based on Big Data Analysis under the Background of Cloud Computing
Authors: Zhang Wenhui
Published: February 2022

China is in a critical period of national rejuvenation and national prosperity. Innovation is the soul of a nation and an inexhaustible driving force for national development. Youth are the hope and future of a country. In order to enable young people to have the entrepreneurial ability and innovative spirit of the development of the new era, it has become a very important link for college students to better enter the society and realize their own value. It has become a key link in the development of individuals and China, and has attracted the attention of the whole society. With the continuous development of Internet technology and the deepening of application exploration, in the context of cloud computing, the improvement of the quality of college students’ innovation and entrepreneurship education based on big data analysis has also become the focus of universities, society, and the country. The core of the system is the discrete dynamic modeling technology of complex systems. This paper will discuss ways to improve the quality of college students’ innovation and entrepreneurship education based on big data under the background of cloud computing by introducing the development and principle of complex system discrete dynamic modeling technology and analyzing the deficiencies and problems of college students’ innovation and entrepreneurship quality in many aspects.