bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ETIOLOGIAS DA DISFUNÇÃO SISTÓLICA EM CÃES
Authors: Costa Suyan Andrade , Soares Frederico Aécio Carvalho
Published: September 2020

Alterações cardíacas podem causar grande impacto hemodinâmico nos cães. Quando as funções do coração estão reduzidas, o organismo ativa mecanismos compensatórios que podem levar a insuficiência cardíaca. A disfunção sistólica é a perda da capacidade de contratilidade do coração, com consequente insuficiência miocárdica, que pode ser causada por sobrecarga de volume, sobrecarga de pressão e/ou disfunção miocárdica. Inúmeras patologias e etiologias podem cursar com disfunção sistólica, sendo as principais: cardiomiopatia dilatada, degeneração valvar em estágios avançados, hipotireoidismo, endocardite, miocardite, deficiência nutricional de taurina, taquiarritmias persistentes e toxicidade por doxorrubicina. A disfunção sistólica é detectada através do exame de ecocardiografia, através de parâmetros como a fração de ejeção ventricular, a fração de encurtamento e a distância E-septo. O tratamento da disfunção sistólica depende da causa e dos sinais clínicos envolvidos. Os principais fármacos utilizados no tratamento são os inotrópicos positivos, como digitálicos, simpaticomiméticos e inibidores das fosfodiesterases. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi revisar as principais causas da disfunção sistólica em cães, abordando a sua fisiopatologia, bem como o seu diagnóstico e a sua abordagem terapêutica.
In vitro Antagonistic Activity of Diverse Bacillus Species Against Cochliobolus sativus (Common Root Rot) of Barley
Authors: Harba M. , Jawhar M. , Arabi M. I. E.
Published: September 2020

Antagonistic microorganisms have been used as biological control agents to reduce the use of chemical fungicides in the control of crop diseases. The present work was conducted to determine the antagonistic potential of Bacillus sp. isolates against the soil-borne fungus Cochliobolus sativus, the causal agent of barley common root (CRR) disease. Out of 525 isolates, 40 were showed in vitro antagonistic activity against the virulent C. sativus isolate CRR16. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing Bacillus sp. isolates are identified as B. atrophaeus, B. subtilis, Paenibacillus polymyxa, B. amyloliquefaciens, B. simplex and B. tequilensis. Results showed that Bacillus sp. had significant (P<0.05) antagonistic activities against the C. sativus where the percentage of radial growth inhibition of the fungi colonies ranged from 59 to 92%, compared to the untreated control. The B. subtilis isolate SY41B had the highest inhibition effect on the vegetative growth zones as compared with the other species isolates. In view of these, our results indicate that the antagonistic effect of the Bacillus sp. isolates may be important contributors as a biocontrol approach that could be employed as a part of integrated CRR management system.
The theory of labor in the total sciences:some features of structural relationships
Authors: Alimova Natalia
Published: September 2020

The article deals with the separation of the entire set of science and scientific fields, according to the theory of labor, depending on many aspects and complexity of the test (considered, studied, and so on. Etc..) In a particular science subject, into three classes. Analyzes the stages of formation of the theory of labor, as a science.
Comparison of right and left common carotid arteries of horses and mules by two-dimensional ultrasound and Doppler flow
Authors: Fogaça Jéssica L. , Castiglioni Maria Cristina R. , Vettorato Michel C. , Silva Jeana P. , Bueno Laís M.C. , Filadelpho André Luis , Puoli-Filho José Nicolau P. , Machado Vânia Maria V.
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT: In ultrasonography, the bi-dimensional mode (B-mode) allows the morphological and morphometric evaluation of several types of organs and tissues, while the Doppler mode allows the hemodynamic evaluation. In humans, the Doppler evaluation is routinely used in the assessment of important arteries and veins, such as the carotid arteries and jugular veins, with significant differences between genres and sides. However, in veterinary medicine, this diagnostic method is not yet well established in the evaluation of the carotid arteries, with only few reports in domestic horses. This study aims to compare the right and left common carotid arteries of domestic horses and mules using bi-dimensional and Doppler ultrasound evaluation. The common carotid arteries from 10 domestic horses (five males and five females) and 10 mules (five males and five females) were evaluated. The following variables were measured at three different portions (cranial, middle and caudal): diameter, intima-media thickness (IMT), resistivity index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), peak of systolic velocity (pSV) and final diastolic velocity (fDV). No significant differences were observed in the bi-dimensional variables (diameter and IMT) between the common carotid arteries of horses and mules, regardless of gender (p>0.05). In Doppler mode, there were no significant differences between carotid values in male and female horses (p> 0.05). In the mules, it was only possible to observe differences between the RI and PI values (p<0.05), being higher on the left side (0.81 and 2.04 respectively), and the fDV (p<0.05) higher, on the right side (14.35) in males. As for females, there was only in fDV (p<0.05), with the upper right side (23.16). Diameters and IMT do not differ between sides in horses and mules in B-mode ultrasound. Spectral Doppler in horses does not differ between sides, regardless of gender. As for mules, males differ in RI, PI and fDV between sides, while females differ only in fDV.
Relationship of obesity with clinical and laboratory changes in female dogs with mammary neoplasia
Authors: Magalhães Jéssica R. , Guimarães Jéssica B. , Bonfim Leuton S. , Carvalho Camila F. , Luz Laura C. , Cagnini Didier Q. , Regalin Doughlas , Amaral Andréia V.C.
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT: Obesity may be associated with the onset of mammary tumors in women. In companion animals, these data are still scarce, mainly associating the clinic of the patient with laboratory and histological findings. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and laboratory aspects of female dogs with mammary neoplasia, investigating whether they are related to obesity. Four groups of spayed or non-spayed female dogs were studied, divided into (G1) female dogs without mammary tumor and normal body condition score (BCS), (G2) female dogs without mammary tumor and obese, (G3) female dogs with mammary tumor and normal BCS and (G4) female dogs with mammary tumor and obese. BCS, canine body mass index (CBMI), blood count, glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides and cytopathological and histopathological examinations were evaluated. Mixed-breed animals were the most prevalent in this study (67.5%). There was a limitation regarding the use of CBMI related to body proportionality. Considering the 28 tumors evaluated, carcinoma in mixed tumor was the most prevalent malignant histological type, while adenomyoepithelioma was the most prevalent benign histological type. It was possible to conclude that obesity was not related to clinical and laboratory changes in the female dogs affected with mammary neoplasias. In addition, no relationship was noted between BCS and CBMI with the histological type or malignancy of mammary neoplasia, since the malignant histological types were the most prevalent tumors in both the ideal score group and the overweight to obese group.
IMF Sovereign Debt Restructuring Framework: Origin, Evolution and Latest Updates of its Main Components
Authors: Manzo Alejandro Gabriel
Published: September 2020

Abstract The first introductory manual of the IMF framework for Sovereign Debt Restructurings (SDRs) is introduced in this article. SDR processes, in which billions of dollars are negotiated, constitute key elements for the healthy recovery of an over-indebted economy. However, there are no academic works that analyze in depth the way in which the Fund organizes them. Based on official documents, this paper aims to bridge this gap by explaining how the components that shape the IMF SDR framework are articulated. To this end, the article analyzes: 1) the framework substantial and procedural rules in order to show it as an abstract normative structure as well as an action procedure applicable to specific cases; 2) the framework evolution, synthetically presenting the discussions that gave rise to its main components and justified its principal changes; 3) the framework latest updates, which modified sensitive areas of the Fund’s surveillance and financing functions. This analytical perspective closes a logical circle that shows the IMF SDR framework in a historical and integral manner and also gives an idealistic insider view to what the Fund is and how it operates.
When Identity Does Not Help: kinship and migration in the Brazilian context
Authors: Machado Igor José de Renó
Published: September 2020

Based on a particular appropriation of the "relatedness" concept - a concept elaborated within what we can call "new kinship" - I present a critical reading of the identity concept and propose a more dynamic alternative to this concept.
Modeling the transfer of radiant energy to a bulk medium in electric furnaces with the upper position of the radiating elements
Authors: Nizhegorodov A. I.
Published: September 2020

A new design of suspended radiating elements, which was developed for heating systems of electric furnaces with moving hearth platforms and modular-trigger furnaces, is considered. The transfer of radiant energy on the surface of the firing modules and on the flow of expanded vermiculite is simulated. Analytical dependences are obtained for calculating the temperatures of radiating elements, a refractory base and a heat-insulating cover, as well as grains of the material itself. The possibility of a significant increase in the performance of modular-launch furnaces due to the fact that in the areas of pouring out of the firing modules the crowding of vermiculite will not lead to burnout of the radiating elements, as was observed in tape nichrome systems, is shown.
Nitride bonded silicon carbide composites based on artificial ceramic binders
Authors: Kirillova N. K. , Shakurova N. V. , Doroganov V. A. , Moreva I. Yu.
Published: September 2020

The mass compositions for the production of silicon carbide materials on a nitride bond, in which artificial ceramic binders based on silicon and silicon carbide were used as initial binders, were studied. The influence of the firing regime and the composition of the binder on the main physicomechanical characteristics and microstructure of the samples after nitriding firing is studied.
Studies of amorphous-siliceous rocks of the Republic of Kazakhstan as mineral raw materials in the formation of the porous structure of heat-insulating foam glass
Authors: Zhakipbaev B. E. , Kolesnikov A. S. , Kenzhibaeva G. S. , Botabaev N. E. , Kutzhanova A. N. , Ashirbaev H A. , Akhmetova E. K. , Kolesnikova O. G.
Published: September 2020

Foam glass is known mainly as a cellular thermal insulation material obtained by sintering a mixture of glass powder and a blowing agent followed by annealing of the foam material. This article explores the possibility of producing heat-insulating foam glass directly from widely available amorphous-siliceous natural flasks, eliminating economically disadvantageous and energy-intensive processes of cooking and granulation of special multicomponent glass melt from the scheme of traditional technology.
Optimization of principal parameters of bulk materials separation in cascade classifiers
Authors: Barskii E. M.
Published: September 2020

The analysis of principal regularities of material distribution in cascade stages has allowed us to substantiate the optimality of some important separation parameters. It is shown that the best separation effect can be achieved by feeding the initial material to the mid stage of the cascade. Here the number of stages can be limited, since the separation effect is weakened with its growth. This analysis has also demonstrated the limited nature of the velocity-based hypothesis in the theory of gravitation processes, although until now this hypothesis ranks among the central ones in this theory.
Changing the structure of the surface layer of ceramic products during operation. Part 2
Authors: Kuzin V. V. , Grigor'ev S. N. , Volosova M. A.
Published: September 2020

Kinetics of structure changes of surface layer of ceramic part outside the area of contact interaction during operation was studied with using original technique. The main regularities of this process are established and the influence of defect degree of initial surface layer on the changes occurring was revealed.
Development of a technology for the production of high-purity Al2O3 powders based on raw materials from the Ural region
Authors: Kashcheev I. D. , Zemlyanoy K. G. , Doronin A. V.
Published: September 2020

This article is devoted to the integrated use of technogenic and natural aluminous raw materials in order to extract valuable components while solving environmental problems. The analysis of the granulation process of kaolin in the Ural region with the addition of an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid and subsequent firing of granules is carried out. Sulfuric acid leaching of kaolin-containing raw materials at various acid concentrations and the duration of the precipitate was considered. The obtained aluminum hydroxide powders were certified.
Microstructural model of ceramics surface layer after diamond grinding taking into account its real structure and contact interaction conditions with elastic body
Authors: Kuzin V. V. , Grigor’ev S. N. , Volosova M. A.
Published: September 2020

Based on systematization of results of diamond grinding process study of Al2O3‒TiC-, Si3N4‒TiC-, Y‒TZP- and SiSiC-ceramic samples the general and specific features in the structure of their surface layer were identified. These features were used to make reasonable choice of main elements for microstructural model and make assumptions. Created model, presented as a construction, takes into account the real structure of surface layer and conditions of contact with elastic body
Basics of computer engineering surface layer of polished ceramics
Authors: Kuzin V. V. , Grigoriev S. N. , Volosova M. A.
Published: September 2020

The basic principles of computer engineering of the surface layer of polished ceramics are given. They are based on two calculation schemes, a mathematical model, algorithms for solving problems of stationary and unsteady thermoelasticity, an automated system of thermal strength calculations and a method for calculating horizontal and vertical displacements, temperature, stresses and stress intensity using the control point method.
Chrysotile asbestos ― raw materials of the construction industry from deep quarries
Authors: Davydov S. Ya. , Apakashev R. A. , Valiev N. G. , Kozhushko G. G.
Published: September 2020

A ladle belt conveyor with increased traction ability is proposed at the request of Kostanay Minerals JSC. A geometric diagram of the conveyor route for cyclic-flow technology with the transportation of rock mass steeply falling conveyors in the contours of the quarry of the first stage of the Dzhetygara chrysotile deposit is given. The calculation of the geometric dimensions of individual sections of the conveyor is performed. The parameters of the transported material, the route and the bucket belt conveyor itself are determined.
Study of the phase composition and porosity structure of a ceramic material that is more than four hundred years old (Spain)
Authors: Abdrakhimova E. S. , Abdrakhimov V. Z.
Published: September 2020

The object of the study is a ceramic material taken from the church of St. Mary (Spain). The element-by-element chemical composition of the studied material showed an increased carbon content (15,42 %) indicating the introduction of fuel into the raw material. The increased content of fuel in the raw material contributes to uniform sintering and porosity formation inside the ceramic sample. In the studied sample of the composition, three types of pores are most often found: slit-shaped, isometric and oval-shaped pores. Isometric pores are found in the form of «channels». The presence of isometric pores and oval closed porosity in the material under study give it mechanical strength. The increased content of calcium in the test sample (11,92 %) contributes to the formation of anorthite, which increases the strength of the products.
Investigation of Smartphone Addiction Levels Among University Students
Authors: Kaya Sinan , Kaya Mevlüt
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine the smartphone addiction levels among university students. For this purpose, first of all, students' addiction levels were determined, and then it was examined whether these levels differed according to the gender of the students, the purpose of using the internet on the smartphone, and the usage times of smartphones. The causal comparison method was used in the research as a quantitative research method and the sampling of the research consisted of 435 students studying in the Faculty of Theology at Ondokuz Mayıs University and who were determined by the accessible sampling method. In order to determine the smartphone addiction levels of university students, the data was obtained with the Smartphone Addiction Scale. Descriptive statistics, the independent samples t-test, and one-way analysis of variance were used to analyze the obtained data. The results of the research showed that students studying in the Faculty of Theology had low levels of smartphone addiction, male students had higher levels of smartphone addiction compared to female students, the use of social media via smartphones increased the risk of addiction, and that students with a higher average daily smartphone usage also had higher levels of addiction.
SARS-CoV-2 McGill Nextera Flex sequencing protocol_SS_V3_LA1_5uLRT v1
Authors: J Reiling Sarah , Simon Marie-Michelle , Roy Anne-Marie , Chen Shu-Huang , Quick Josh , Ragoussis Ioannis
Published: September 2020

How the Nextera DNA Flex Assay Works The Nextera DNA Flex library prep kit uses a bead-based transposome complex to tagment genomic DNA, which is a process that fragments DNA and then tags the DNA with adapter sequences in one step. After it is saturated with input DNA, the bead-based transposome complex fragments a set number of DNA molecules. This fragmentation provides flexibility to use a wide DNA input range to generate normalized libraries of consistent tight fragment size distribution. Following tagmentation, a limited-cycle PCR adds Nextera DNA Flex-specific index adapter sequences to the ends of a DNA fragment. This step enables capability across all Illumina sequencing platforms. A subsequent Sample Purification Beads (SPB) cleanup step then purifies libraries for use on an Illumina sequencer. The double-stranded DNAlibrary is denatured before hybridization of the biotin probe oligonucleotide pool. PCR Amplicons for Nextera Flex When starting with PCR amplicons, the PCR amplicon must be > 150 bp. The standard clean up protocol depletes libraries < 500 bp. Therefore, Illumina recommends that amplicons < 500 bp undergo a 1.8 x sample purification bead volume ratio to supernatant during Clean Up Libraries on page 11. Shorter amplicons can otherwise be lost during the library cleanup step. Tagmentation cannot add an adapter directly to the distal end of a fragment, so a drop in sequencing coverage of ~50 bp from each distal end is expected. To ensure sufficient coverage of the amplicon target region, design primers to extend beyond the target region by 50 bp per end. More information can be found here: https://emea.support.illumina.com/content/dam/illumina-support/documents/documentation/chemistry_documentation/samplepreps_nextera/nextera_dna_flex/nextera-dna-flex-library-prep-reference-guide-1000000025416-07.pdf
Trans* Identities and Politics: Repertoires of Action, Political Cleavages, and Emerging Coalitions
Authors: Elpes Gustavo Santos
Published: September 2020

The current political landscape provides collective actors with new strategies to articulate individual interests, hardships, identities, critiques, and solutions, engage with social mobilisation’s conflictual demands, and move towards sustainable practices of collective actions. This article will focus on theoretical challenges surrounding the political action and organization of feminist and trans* identities in order to provide situated knowledge about the dynamics of the transfeminist activism in the Madrilenian geopolitical context. Throughout LGBT*Q+ activists’ integrated forms of doing politics along different axes of oppression (e.g., class, migration, racialisation, disability, ethnicity, gender diversity), new visibility regimes are trying to expand the repertoires of action by nurturing emerging coalitions and agencies among a variety of hybrid political subjects. This article thus argues that trans* politics, through nonbinary activism and a new intersectional feminist praxis, may expand the political subject of feminism and our understanding of identity politics and embodied action.
FORECASTS OF THE AIR TRANSPORT INDUSTRY AFTER THE COVID-19 CRISIS
Authors: Popa І.-С. , Cetină І.
Published: September 2020

The air transport services industry is one of the most affected branches of the global crisis industry caused by the new COVID- 19 coronavirus. After a sustained growth in the last decade, this industry came to report declines of almost 50% at the end of the first quarter of 2020. Given that no one can approximate how long the global pandemic will end, it is very difficult to predict how long the air transport services will return to January 2020, as well as how many operators will declare insolvency or how many they will be able to adapt their strategies so that they can make a profit. Part of global airline operators have managed to adapt their activity by operating mainly cargo flights, but even so, a very large part of the fleet remained on the ground.

Through this article to followed highlighting the situation in which air transport services are found, almost half a year after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic by highlighting the amounts that some European countries have not received while issuing forecasts on how in which the staged resumption of flights will take place and how the air operators will manage to follow common return policies or will develop their strategies.
THE OBJECT OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE OFFENSE IN THE QUALIFICATION AND SYSTEMATISATION OF DOMESTIC ADMINISTRATIVE-TORT LEGISLATION ON ROAD TRANSPORT
Authors: Nefedova Alona , Shyrmova Tatiana
Published: September 2020

The article deals with the subject of administrative misconduct in road transport and its role in the rulemaking and enforcement activities. The basic doctrinal approaches to understanding the object of administrative misconduct in road transport are summarized. It is concluded that there is no single vision of their nature and content in domestic administrative law. The necessity to harmonize scientific positions and develop a unified concept of the object of administrative misconduct (including administrative misconduct in road transport) at all levels of its generalization and objectification is substantiated.

On the basis of the analysis of modern scientific researches and the current administrativetort legislation the classification of objects of administrative offenses in the road transport is made. The author’s definitions of the concepts of general, generic, species and direct object of administrative offenses in road transport are formulated. Their actual content is specified. The essence of the main and additional object of administrative misconduct is revealed. The polysubjectiveness of the majority of administrative offenses in the road transport is ascertained.

The role of the object of administrative misconduct in the structuring and systematization of domestic administrative-tort legislation is investigated. It is determined that the generic object of administrative misconduct is the main criterion for the division of the Special part of the Code of Administrative Offenses into separate Chapters. Topical issues of legal regulation of administrative-tort relations in road transport are highlighted. A set of legislative proposals aimed at harmonizing the structure of the Code of Administrative Offenses, in particular, regarding the regulation of liability for administrative offenses in road transport, has been elaborated.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE LAW IN THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC
Authors: Madaliev Rustam
Published: September 2020

The article provides an overview and stages of the development of law and legislation on administrative procedures and administrative justice in the Kyrgyz Republic. The article discusses the adoption, implementation, content and the application of the new Law on Administrative Procedure and the Administrative Procedure Code of the Kyrgyz Republic. At the beginning, the socio-political background and the rationale for the ongoing judicial reforms and the efforts of the state to strengthen the rule of law in the Kyrgyz Republic are described. A significant part of article considers steps for developing a law on administrative procedures of the Kyrgyz Republic and the problems associated with its development. Then, the content and issues of implementation and the problems of the practical application of the new law on administrative procedures of the Kyrgyz Republic are disclosed. A separate part is devoted to the development, content, implementation and practice of the application of the new Administrative Procedure Code of the Kyrgyz Republic. The article also outlines the problems and shortcomings in the practice of applying legal norms on administrative procedures and administrative justice in the Kyrgyz Republic. In general, the article summarizes that a new system of administrative law has been formed in Kyrgyzstan to replace “Soviet” administrative law, but there are still problems in understanding and applying the new administrative legislation: not all the regulatory framework and practice of administrative agencies are brought into line with the new legislation; there are facts of not understanding, ignoring and not applying the new legislation by public authorities; not all curricula of higher legal education are brought in line with a new understanding of administrative law. It is necessary to continue the implementation measures to put into practice the new administrative legislation through organizational measures to educate and train law applicators, as well as the development of judicial practice in administrative cases.
V.V. Davydov: On the Scale of Historical Reason
Authors: Lobastov G.V.
Published: September 2020

The paper attempts to take a look at the works of V.V. Davydov from the perspective of classical historical ideas of objective forms of thinking, through the prism of dialectics as logics – in other words, through the notions that Davydov himself considered as basic foundations of his pedagogical transformations. Appreciation or rejection of Davydov’s achievements depends entirely on the position of ‘experts’: looking at his accomplishments with the eyes of Hegel or Marx, or analyzing them from the point of view of real educational practice are two principally different things. The extent to which historical classics of philosophy and pedagogy revealed itself in Davydov’s activity and how it was or was not implemented – these are the issues that await their exploration. The paper outlines some topics for such research.
Development of Imagination: A Path to the World of Human Culture
Authors: Kudryavtsev V.T.
Published: September 2020

From the point of view of the ideas formulated earlier by V. V. Davydov and the author of this article, we analyze the effects of imagination in the creative process of mastering culture by a preschool child. Imagination is not considered as a particular mental function, but as a universal ability (E. V. Ilyenkov). Adjustments are made to the understanding of the nature of the child’s imagination. The material of the educational project “Paths” reveals the developmental potential of preschool education, the priority of which is the formation of imagination.
New Projects in Developmental Learning
Authors: Vorontsov A.B. , Lvovsky V.A.
Published: September 2020

The article outlines the existing practices of developing learning which are being implemented in educational institutions of the Russian Federation since 1998 to the present day, taking into account modern trends and challenges to the world education: individualization and personalization; digitalization, networking, collaboration (cooperation, team work); interdisciplinary content of education as a norm; metacompetency as a result of education; smart learning in the era of the information society with the availability of communication technologies and team work; gamification as an introduction to learning educational games, etc. To all these challenges and trends of the modern reality, the educational system of D.B. Elkonin—V.V. Davydov has its own ‘answers’, through certain practices that are realized in the network of classes and schools of developmental learning in Russia. In addition, we describe new projects that can be viewed as a resource for the development of the Russian educational system.
V.V. Davydov’s Ideas in Education: The Past and the Present
Authors: Egorenko T.A. , Sanina S.P.
Published: September 2020

The article presents an analysis of the main conceptual ideas of the scientific school of V.V. Davydov. One of the main vectors of ideas is devoted to the formation of theoretical thinking and consciousness in children, which are the basis of a person’s cultural orientation in contemporary reality. The article outlines some examples of implementation of these ideas in primary school. The key theme is the promotion of V.V. Davydov’s ideas by his student, professor V.A. Guruzhapov. The article presents his ‘didactic assumptions’ about how education should be organized. The first shows that everything that has ever been created by people as a result of a creative impulse, a discovery about the essence of the phenomena of the surrounding world, can then be understood by other people as well. The second is that it is possible to construct artificial conditions in which a person begins to understand what people once discovered about the essence of the surrounding reality. The article also analyzes the process of setting the learning task. The second vector focuses on the issue of training teachers for modern school who would be able to implement the ideas of developmental teaching.
Paradigma baru penggunaan statin: efek kardioprotektif atau penyebab onset baru diabetes melitus?
Authors: Sudrajad Gede Bangun , Kusuma Armi Setia , Kusumaratna Rina K
Published: September 2020

3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors atau yang biasa disebut sebagai statin, merupakan obat yang sudah digunakan sejak 30 tahun silam dan merupakan salah satu obat yang paling sering digunakan untuk terapi dislipidemia. Menurut hasil terbaru dari banyak studi observasional, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) dan meta-analyses telah mengonfirmasi adanya korelasi kejadian diabetes melitus (new-onset diabetes mellitus/NODM) setelah inisiasi penggunaan statin. Mekanisme spesifik terkait pengaruh statin terhadap kejadian diabetes melitus masih belum sepenuhnya dipahami, namun gangguan fungsi sel beta pankreas melalui calcium channel blockade, berkurangnya sensitivitas jaringan terhadap insulin akibat berkurangnya ekspresi GLUT 4, rendahnya kadar adiponektin dan mungkin mekanisme lainnya diduga menjadi faktor pencetus NODM. Sebagaimana yang kita tahu, statin digunakan dalam terapi dislipidemia serta pencegahan baik primer maupun sekunder terhadap kejadian penyakit kardiovaskular melalui efek pleiotropiknya. Namun, dengan adanya keterkaitan kejadian NODM maka makna protektif penggunaan statin menjadi berkurang. Pada artikel ini akan dibahas mengenai kemungkinan mekanisme statin terkait kejadian NODM dan makna penggunaanya sebagai pencegahan penyakit kardiovaskular.
Health Care Providers' Understanding of Health Care Beliefs and Preferences in Anabaptist Communities
Authors: Garrett-Wright Dawn , Main M. Eve , Jones M. Susan
Published: September 2020

Anabaptist communities are among the fastest growing communities in the United States. Reviews of medical and sociological literature consistently demonstrate that members of Anabaptist communities hold health care beliefs and preferences that differ from the mainstream culture. However, the professional health care literature is lacking in information regarding health care providers' understanding of health care beliefs and preferences in Anabaptist groups. The purpose of this study was to explore the understanding of Anabaptist patients' health care beliefs and preferences as well as lessons learned from providers who have experience delivering health care for this culturally diverse population. A qualitative descriptive approach was used to collect data with a sample of health care providers (N = 18) selected via purposive sampling. The study participants provided informed consent to be interviewed and videotaped responding to a set of semi-structured interview questions. The videotaped interviews were transcribed before thematic analysis was conducted independently and then collectively by a group of three researchers familiar with Anabaptist health care practices. Through thematic analysis, seven themes were identified among the participants relating to their understanding of the beliefs and preferences of Anabaptist community members they served.
Plain Talk About Health: Linguistic Aspects of Mediation between Amish and Mennonites and Health Care Professionals
Authors: Louden Mark L.
Published: September 2020

As the population of Amish and Old Order Mennonites grows exponentially, so are the contacts between Plain people and medical professionals increasing. All Plain adults are bilingual; however, the fact that the primary everyday language for most is Pennsylvania Dutch is important for understanding how they navigate the health care system. In this article I give an overview of language-related questions involved in communication between Plain people and health care providers with a focus on three areas: translation, interpretation, and patterns of language use. Much of the information I present in this article is drawn from my experience as an interpreter and cultural mediator for Plain people in a number of different public spheres, mainly health care.
Evaluation of coronary microcirculation by myocardial contrast echocardiography in patients of ST elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Singh Avijit , Tripathi Vishwa Deepak , Patel Pushpraj
Published: September 2020

Background: No reflow phenomenon observed during catheter intervention has been associated with poor cardiovascular outcomes. Assessment of filling defect by myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) correlates with no reflow. Limited studies are available for the same. This study was designed to look for impact of type of therapy for revascularization (whether percutaneous coronary intervention or thrombolysis) and its evaluation by MCE and follow up echocardiography parameters.Methods: Total 50 consecutive patients of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) were taken study including recent STEMI (within 7 days). After all routine investigations patient underwent coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) procedure. Following completion of procedure, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow, TIMI frame count, and myocardial blush grade were calculated and noted. Post revascularization contrast echocardiography was done after patient stabilization. Findings were correlated with cath-lab parameters applying appropriate statistical tests. Follow up was planned after 30 days.Results: 50 consecutive patients admitted with acute myocardial infarction (MI) or recent MI (0-7 day) who underwent primary PCI - 82% (n=41) or thrombolysed with various thrombolytic agents - 18% (n=9). Mean age of the study group was 55.02±12.65 years. There was significant association in between TIMI 3 flow and absence of filling defect in MCE (p=0.03), but no significant association found in between revascularization therapy (Either PCI or Thrombolysis) and filling defect in MCE (p=0.08).Conclusions: Our study found good correlation between myocardial contrast score with angiographically measured TIMI flow and improved echocardiographic findings on follow up.
Descriptive Metaphysics and Kant
Authors: Evstigneev Maksim
Published: September 2020

P.F. Strawson is famous for his contribution to the Kant-scholarship (especially for his book The Bounds of Sense). On the other hand, Strawson is recognized as an independent and origional philosopher. This text presents an analysysis of the intersection of these two themes: I present an analysis of Strawson's conception of descriptive mataphysics and aplly its results to the Kant's critical philosophy and to Strawson's interpretation of it. It gives me an opportunity to show that some aspects of Kant's view on method and subject matter of philosophy is genuenly Strowsonian. However, on the other hand, some other Kant's intentions show that even if it is posiible to consider Kantian approach as descriptive metaphysics, it would be another, un-Strawsonian approach.
Translator's introduction (R. Aquila "Kantian Appearances, Intentional Gegenstände, and Some Varieties Phenomenalism")
Authors: Evstigneev Maksim
Published: September 2020

This text is an introduction to the translation of R. Aquila "Kantian Appearances, Intentional Objects, and Some Varieties Phenomenalism".
Post hoc analysis of fecal samples from responders and non-responders to Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 intervention
Authors: Szymanski Henryk , Mlynarz Piotr , Qasem Badr , Korzeniowska-Kowal Agnieszka , Szponar Bogumiła , Kałwak-Baran Małgorzata , Szajewska Hania
Published: September 2020

We compared fecal samples from responders and non-responders to administration of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938. Data for this post hoc analysis were collected from an RCT assessing the efficacy of L. reuteri for the management of acute gastroenteritis. Responders were defined as subjects with diarrhea lasting no longer than 48 h. 44 children (17 responders and 27 non-responders) were analyzed. There were no differences in clinical characteristics and gut colonization between both groups. In the responder group, there were significantly lower levels of five metabolites before beginning of the intervention: lactate, choline, ethanol, creatine, and formate. The fecal calprotectin level did not differ between groups prior to the intervention, but its level was significantly lower after intervention in the responder group. Possibly, the responder group with a “metabolic niche”, including lower level of metabolites, especially lactate, that are potential products of Lactobacillus genus, would determine the response to probiotic treatment. These findings need to be confirmed, but identification of some differences in the fecal metabolomics and the calprotectin level suggests that further studies are warranted.
A Questionnaire Study Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Anxiety and Burnout Levels in Emergency Healthcare Workers
Authors: Sahin Taner , Aslaner Humeyra , Olguner Eker Özlem , Gökçek Mebrure Beyza , Doğan Murat
Published: September 2020

Objectives

During the COVID19 pandemic, an increase in anxiety and burnout levels may occur unwittingly due to the increased workload and intense stress experienced by emergency healthcare workers (HCWs) dealing with potential or suspected COVID-19 and other emergency patients. In our study, it is aimed to investigate whether there is an increase of anxiety and burnout levels of the HCWs working in ES and pandemic fields fighting against the outbreak of COVID-19 in Turkey.

Methods

The study was carried out between April 1 to May 15, 2020, with the online questionnaire method with the participation of 920  HCWs that are working actively in pandemic areas across the country. In the questionnaire, the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants were questioned, and Beck anxiety scale (BAI) and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) were applied.

Results

The pandemic area and the intensive care workers' BAI score are similar to those in the emergency service and ambulance (p = 0.05). The MBI-desensitization score of those working in the field of ED, ICUs and pandemics was higher than other places (p <0.05). The MBI-emotional score of the emergency and ambulance workers was higher (p = 0.001), and the MBI-personal accomplishment score was lower than radiology, laboratory and office personnel (p=0.049).

Conclusions

The COVID-19 outbreak may create stress in HCWs, leading to various psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, depression, and burnout syndrome. Early recognition, prevention and coping methods of burnout and anxiety in HCWs play a key role in during the pandemic period.

Keywords: COVID-19, Emergency Service, Healthcare Worker, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Maslach Burnout Inventory
Primary healthcare policy and vision for community pharmacy and pharmacists in the United States
Authors: Salgado Teresa M. , Rosenthal Meagen M. , Coe Antoinette B. , Kaefer Tana N. , Dixon Dave L. , Farris Karen B.
Published: September 2020

The United States (US) has a complex healthcare system with a mix of public, private, nonprofit, and for-profit insurers, healthcare institutions and organizations, and providers. Unlike other developed countries, there is not a single payer healthcare system or a national pharmaceutical benefits scheme/plan. Despite spending over USD 10,000 per capita in healthcare, the US is among the worst performers compared to other developed countries in outcomes including life expectancy at birth, infant mortality, safety during childbirth, and unmanaged chronic conditions (e.g., asthma, diabetes). Primary care is delivered by physicians and advanced practice providers (i.e., nurse practitioners and physician assistants) in a variety of settings including large health systems, federally qualified health centers or free clinics that provide care to the underserved, or specific facilities for veterans or American Indian and Alaska native peoples. Since 2010, primary care delivery has shifted toward providing patient-centered, coordinated, comprehensive care focused on providing proactive, rather than reactive, population health management, and on the quality, versus volume, of care. Community pharmacy comprises a mix of independently owned, chain, supermarket and mass merchant pharmacies. Community pharmacies provide services such as immunizations, medication therapy management, medication packaging, medication synchronization, point-of-care testing and, in specific states where legislation has been passed, hormonal contraception, opioid reversal agents, and smoking cessation services. There has been criticism regarding the lack of standard terminology for services such as medication synchronization and medication therapy management, their components and how they should be provided, which hampers comparability across studies. One of the main challenges for pharmacists in the US is the lack of provider status at the federal level. This means that pharmacists are not allowed to use existing fee-for-service health insurance billing codes to receive reimbursement for non-dispensing services. In addition, despite there being regulatory infrastructure in multiple states, the extent of service implementation is either low or unknown. Research found that pharmacists face numerous barriers when providing some of these services. State fragmentation and the lack of a single pharmacy organization and vision for the profession are additional challenges.
Comparative efficacy of long-term anticoagulation in patients with iliofemoral acute deep vein thrombosis treated with pharmaco-mechanical catheter-directed thrombolysis
Authors: GÜNAYDIN Serdar , BUDAK Ali Baran , GÜNERTEM Eren , TÜMER Naim Boran , TEKELİ KUNT Atike , ÖZIŞIK Kanat
Published: September 2020

Aim: We aimed to compare the stability of pharmacologic profile, rate of symptomatic recurrent venous thromboembolism, major bleeding and the net clinical benefit on the regimen with vitamin K antagonist (VKA), low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) for long-term anticoagulation in patients undergoing pharmaco-mechanical catheter-directed thrombolysis (PMCDT) for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
Material and Methods: During the period from January 2019 until June 2019, data of 112 patients who underwent PMCDT for the treatment of acute iliofemoral DVT in our institution with long-term apixaban (Pfizer, Turkey) medication were prospectively collected (Group 1-DOAC). Data of control groups within January 2017- December 2018 period were collected retrospectively. Control groups consisted of PMCDT patients with extended LMWH (Tinzaparin, Abdi Ibrahim Pharma, Turkey) treatment (Group 2-LMWH; N=119) and with VKA (Coumadin, Eczacibasi Pharma, Turkey) treatment (Group 3- Control; N=111). Results: Patients treated with VKA showed a significant incompliance starting from third month up to one year. Patency rate diminished significantly below 70%. 32% of VKA patients were out of therapeutic range even in the first month leading to 40% at the end of the year. Likert Scale, Villalta/VCCS and VEINES-QOL-Sym scores confirmed the clinical data.
Conclusion: This study highlights the potential role of DOAC as a reasonable alternative to VKAs/LMWH in the long-term anticoagulation strategy for DVT. We await larger clinical trials to support these findings and establish the role of DOAC as the standard of care for patients with DVT.
Research on the Reform of Employment Guidance Courses in Higher Vocational Colleges Based on Workshop-style Teaching Mode
Authors: Zhu Qilong
Published: September 2020

The main purpose of the employment guidance course is to improve the employment rate of students after graduation and promote students to meet the needs of the talent market. However, for the current employment guidance courses in colleges and universities, they still cannot provide students with efficient and systematic guidance services due to the lack of a more mature theoretical system and successful practical exploration. Therefore, it is imperative to reform the teaching mode of employment guidance courses. This paper hopes to provide reform ideas for efficient related courses through the study and practice of the workshop-style employment guidance teaching model.
An Analysis of the Mechanism of the Core Talent Equity Incentive Based on the Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Authors: Wang Yu
Published: September 2020

Talent equity incentive has been implemented in many large modern companies, and it has achieved very commendable results. As a national research unit, the Academy of Agricultural Sciences is very different from market-oriented companies in its operation, but it is much the same in motivating and retaining employees. Combined with the direction of talent construction in the contemporary Academy of Agricultural Sciences, this article starts from the theory of talent equity incentives and fully understands the role of talent equity incentive mechanisms in enterprise development. It finally proposes innovative core mechanism incentive methods to provide references for the introduction of talent equity incentive mechanisms by the Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
Research on the Innovative Service Mode of Archives Management in Information Age
Authors: Chen Zikai
Published: September 2020

After the emergence of the Internet, information technology has been developing rapidly, and the openness and digitalization of the times have further deepened. With numerals digital files in face of human, the requirements for archives management services has been gradually enhanced. On this basis, explorations are made on the innovative archives management service mode in information age in this article. By starting with the analyzes on the new user-centered service mode, this article also clarifies the method to realize personalized service mode to truly improve the its level.