bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Mind Map and TRIZ to an Advanced Air Mobility System for Post-Disaster Response
Authors: Olanipekun Olabode A. , Montalvo Carlos J. , Lippert Kari J. , Wade John T.
Published: November 2024

In this article, an Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) platform focused on search and rescue applications is discussed and analyzed from a systems thinking perspective. By applying two systems thinking tools, namely Mind Map and TRIZ, the strong interactions within the constituent parts that make up the system’s whole are examined with the aim of providing a comprehensive roadmap for a proposed Advanced Air Mobility Post-Disaster Response (AAMPDR) system. Furthermore, two problems are discussed to demonstrate the application of the TRIZ technique. The first is in regards to a clause in the AGL rule that could present operational risks to the AAM’s airframe, while the second relates to a potential conflict ensuing from the advent of the 5G C-band and its effect on the AAM altimetry. The resulting solutions to resolve these conflicts using this same technique are also discussed, firstly by taking into account the mean sea/water level as a reference for vertical height within the provisions of the Federal Aviation Regulation requirements, and secondly by applying segmentation of the mission profile as well as a multi-stage frequency designation for each segment depending on a threshold vertical distance. Finally, this study demonstrated that Mind Map and TRIZ can be effective techniques in the early stages of conceptual model development for an AAM system applied to post–disaster response. Furthermore, that the contradictions tool of TRIZ can also be utilized in resolving those potential conflicts identified in relation to the system of interest. To this end, this paper proposes the amendment of the current Part 107 rule to include the term Above Mean Sea (or Water) Level (AMS/WL), a critical yet missing piece of the system requirements that engineers should take into account in future AAM system designs.
Planting Sustainability: A Comprehensive Review of Plant Fibres in Needle-Punching Nonwovens
Authors: Marques Rita , Oliveira Cristina , Araújo Joana C. , Chaves Diego M. , Ferreira Diana P. , Fangueiro Raul , Silva Carla J. , Rodrigues Lúcia
Published: November 2024

Natural fibres have garnered substantial attention because of their eco-friendly attributes and versatility, offering a sustainable alternative to synthetic ones. This review surveys plant fibres, including flax, hemp, jute, banana, and pineapple, emphasizing their diverse properties and applications in nonwoven materials. This research also examines the use of synthetic polymer composites blended with natural fibres to create high-performance nonwoven materials. Furthermore, this review outlines the primary applications of nonwovens manufactured with plant fibres through needle-punching. These applications span geotextiles, automotive interiors, construction materials, and more. The advantages, challenges, and sustainability aspects of incorporating natural fibres in needle-punched nonwovens are discussed. The focus is on mechanical and thermal properties and their adaptability for specific applications. This research provides valuable insights for researchers and industry professionals aiming to leverage the benefits of plant fibres in needle-punched nonwovens across various sectors.
Evolving and Novel Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Abdominal Imaging
Authors: Loper Mark R. , Makary Mina S.
Published: November 2024

Advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have significantly transformed the field of abdominal radiology, leading to an improvement in diagnostic and disease management capabilities. This narrative review seeks to evaluate the current standing of AI in abdominal imaging, with a focus on recent literature contributions. This work explores the diagnosis and characterization of hepatobiliary, pancreatic, gastric, colonic, and other pathologies. In addition, the role of AI has been observed to help differentiate renal, adrenal, and splenic disorders. Furthermore, workflow optimization strategies and quantitative imaging techniques used for the measurement and characterization of tissue properties, including radiomics and deep learning, are highlighted. An assessment of how these advancements enable more precise diagnosis, tumor description, and body composition evaluation is presented, which ultimately advances the clinical effectiveness and productivity of radiology. Despite the advancements of AI in abdominal imaging, technical, ethical, and legal challenges persist, and these challenges, as well as opportunities for future development, are highlighted.
A Comparison of the Sensitivity and Cellular Detection Capabilities of Magnetic Particle Imaging and Bioluminescence Imaging
Authors: Trozzo Sophia , Neupane Bijita , Foster Paula J.
Published: November 2024

Background: Preclinical cell tracking is enhanced with a multimodal imaging approach. Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) is a highly sensitive optical modality that relies on engineering cells to constitutively express a luciferase gene. Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a newer imaging modality that directly detects superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) particles used to label cells. Here, we compare BLI and MPI for imaging cells in vitro and in vivo. Methods: Mouse 4T1 breast carcinoma cells were transduced to express firefly luciferase, labeled with SPIO (ProMag), and imaged as cell samples after subcutaneous injection into mice. Results: For cell samples, the BLI and MPI signals were strongly correlated with cell number. Both modalities presented limitations for imaging cells in vivo. For BLI, weak signal penetration, signal attenuation, and scattering prevented the detection of cells for mice with hair and for cells far from the tissue surface. For MPI, background signals obscured the detection of low cell numbers due to the limited dynamic range, and cell numbers could not be accurately quantified from in vivo images. Conclusions: It is important to understand the shortcomings of these imaging modalities to develop strategies to improve cellular detection sensitivity.
Gender-Specific Toxic Effects of S-Metolachlor and Its Metabolite on Hibernating Lizards: Implications for Reproductive Health and Ecosystem Vulnerability
Authors: Chen Li , Diao Jinling , Tian Zhongnan , Wang Dezhen , Zhang Wenjun , Zhang Luyao , Wang Zikang , Zhou Zhiqiang , Di Shanshan
Published: November 2024

Reptiles rely on hibernation to survive harsh winters, but climate change and pesticide use in agriculture jeopardize their survival, making the ecosystem vulnerable. S-metolachlor (SM), a commonly found herbicide in soil, and its metabolite metolachlor oxanilic acid (MO) induce oxidative stress and disrupt reproductive hormones. In this study, lizards were exposed to SM- and MO-contaminated soil for 45 days during hibernation. Weight loss and deaths occurred at the beginning of hibernation in all groups. Furthermore, the exposure group experienced severe oxidative stress and damage in the liver, kidney, heart, gonad, and brain. The testosterone levels significantly decreased in male lizards in both the SM and MO groups, whereas estradiol levels increased significantly in female lizards in the SM group. Gender-specific expression of steroidogenic-related genes in the brains and gonads of lizards was observed. Histological analysis revealed toxic effects induced by both SM and MO in vital organs during hibernation. Moreover, MO induced more severe reproductive toxicity in male lizards during hibernation. Therefore, this study suggests gender-specific toxic effects were observed in hibernating lizards exposed to SM and MO, underscoring the importance of vigilant monitoring of pesticide application in agriculture and assessing the potential harm of its metabolites.
Evaluation of Serological Tests for Different Disease Stages of Leptospirosis Infection in Humans
Authors: Rodríguez-Rodriguez Virginia , Castro Ana , Soto-Florez Ronald , Urango-Gallego Luis , Calderón-Rangel Alfonso , Agudelo-Flórez Piedad , Monroy Fernando
Published: November 2024

Background/Objectives: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease that is widely distributed around the world and presents symptoms similar to other febrile illnesses in tropical regions, which complicates clinical diagnosis. This study aimed to evaluate the performance and agreement between serological diagnostic tests for detecting both acute and convalescent human leptospirosis, using the micro agglutination test (MAT) as a reference in an endemic region of the Colombian Caribbean. Methods: A prospective descriptive study was conducted on 275 participants with suspected leptospirosis. Paired serum samples were obtained, and an epidemiological survey was conducted. Using the MAT as the gold standard, we calculated positive and negative predictive values, sensitivity, specificity, and kappa index. A Bayesian latent class model was also used to compare the diagnostic tests. Results: In 223 paired serum samples, the sensitivity values for various stages of the disease ranged between 10.8% to 54.1% in the acute and 6.1% to 66.7% during the convalescent phase compared to the MAT. According to the Bayesian model, sensitivity was 9.5% to 75.3% in the acute phase and 5.7% to 85.3% in the convalescent phase. The Kappa value, an indicator of agreement, was moderate for the IgM ELISA in the acute phase (0.553) and substantial in the convalescent phase (0.692). Conclusions: The MAT was the best confirmatory test in both acute and convalescent phases of leptospirosis. Despite the high specificity of ELISA, 21.62% of participants identified as negative by IgM-ELISA in both phases were subsequently confirmed as positive by the MAT. It is necessary to re-evaluate diagnostic guidelines that do not employ the MAT for confirmation and to enhance the diagnostic and clinical identification of leptospirosis within healthcare institutions and public health laboratories while providing a rapid and reliable test for its implementation.
Genotyping and Characterizing Plasmodium falciparum to Reveal Genetic Diversity and Multiplicity of Infection by Merozoite Surface Proteins 1 and 2 (msp-1 and msp-2) and Glutamate-Rich Protein (glurp) Genes
Authors: Alruwaili Muharib , Elderdery Abozer , Ejaz Hasan , Farhana Aisha , Atif Muhammad , Almutary Hayfa , Mills Jeremy
Published: November 2024

Resistance to current antimalarial drugs is steadily increasing, and new drugs are required. Drug efficacy trials remain the gold standard to assess the effectiveness of a given drug. The World Health Organization (WHO)’s recommendation for the optimal duration of follow-up for assessing antimalarial efficacy is a minimum of 28 days. However, assessing antimalarial drug efficacy in highly endemic regions can be challenging due to the potential risks of acquiring a new infection in the follow-up period, and thus, it may underestimate the efficacy of the given drugs. A new treatment should be introduced if treatment failure rates exceed 10%. Overestimation occurs as a result of retaining a drug with a clinical efficacy of less than 90% with increases in morbidity and mortality, while underestimation may occur due to a misclassification of new infections as treatment failures with tremendous clinical and economic implications. Therefore, molecular genotyping is necessary to distinguish true new infections from treatment failures to ensure accuracy in determining antimalarial efficacy. There are three genetic markers that are commonly used in antimalarial efficiency trials to discriminate between treatment failures and new infections. These include merozoite surface protein 1 (msp-1), merozoite surface protein 2 (msp-2), and glutamate-rich protein (glurp). The genotyping of P. falciparum by nested polymerase chain reaction (n-PCR) targeting these markers is discussed with the inherent limitations and uncertainties associated with the PCR technique and limitations enforced by the parasite’s biology itself.
Urban Resilience Amid Supply Chain Disruptions: A Causal and Cointegration-Based Risk Model for G-7 Cities Post-COVID-19
Authors: Wang Haibo , Sua Lutfu S.
Published: November 2024

The COVID-19-induced strain on global supply chains led to significant market imbalances and unprecedented inflation, particularly affecting urban economies. Containment policies and stimulus packages resulted in unpredictable demand shifts, challenging urban supply chain planning and resource distribution. These disruptions underscored the need for robust risk management models, especially in cities where economic activity and population density exacerbate supply chain vulnerabilities. This study develops a comprehensive risk model tailored for G-7 urban economies, analyzing the causal and cointegration relationships between key economic indicators. Using Granger causality tests and a factor-augmented vector autoregression (FAVAR) approach, the study examines complex time series and high-dimensional variables, focusing on urban-specific indicators such as the composite leading indicator (CLI) and business confidence indicator (BCI). Our results indicate strong causal relationships among these indicators, validating CLI as a reliable early predictor of urban economic trends. The findings confirm the viability of this urban supply chain risk management model, offering potential pathways for strengthening urban resilience and economic sustainability in the face of future disruptions. This approach positions the study within the context of urban science, emphasizing the impacts on cities and how urban economies can benefit from the developed risk model.
Single-Cell Transcriptomics of Human Tonsils Reveals Nicotine Enhances HIV-1-Induced NLRP3 Inflammasome and Mitochondrial Activation
Authors: Schrode Nadine , Fortune Trinisia , Keane Aislinn M. , Mangold Jesse F. , Tweel Benjamin , Beaumont Kristin G. , Swartz Talia H.
Published: November 2024

Background: HIV-1 infection, even with effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), is associated with chronic inflammation and immune dysfunction, contributing to long-term health complications. Nicotine use, prevalent among people with HIV (PWH), is known to exacerbate immune activation and disease progression, but the precise biological mechanisms remain to be fully understood. This study sought to uncover the synergistic effects of HIV-1 infection and nicotine on immune cell function, focusing on beneficial insights into NLRP3 inflammasome activation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial pathways. Methods: Human tonsil explants were infected with HIV-1 and exposed to nicotine. Single-cell RNA sequencing was used to profile immune cell populations and gene expression linked to inflammasome activation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial function. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and synergy assessments were conducted to investigate how nicotine modulates immune responses in the context of HIV. Results: The combination of HIV infection and nicotine exposure significantly increased NLRP3 inflammasome activation, thioredoxin, and components of oxidative phosphorylation. Conclusions: This study highlights how the combined effects of HIV-1 and nicotine offer valuable insights into immune modulation, opening doors for future therapeutic strategies. Targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome and addressing nicotine use may contribute to improved outcomes for PWH.
The Predictive Role of miRNAs in Hepatitis B Vaccine Response of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Patients
Authors: Guney Eskiler Gamze , Karabay Oguz , Tozlu Mukaddes , Aydin Ayhan , Hamarat Kaan Furkan , Alkurt Umut , Deveci Ozkan Asuman , Gunduz Yasemin
Published: November 2024

(1) Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common chronic liver disease. Although the changes in the expression levels of microRNAs (miRNAs) in hepatitis B virus-related diseases have been evaluated, no study has evaluated the role of miRNAs in HBV vaccine response in MASLD patients. We aimed to determine the miRNA expression profile in MASLD patients according to HBV vaccine response. (2) Methods: Overall, 100 MASLD patients and 100 controls were included, and anti-HBs levels were measured after three doses of HBV vaccine administration. After collecting blood samples, 22 different miRNA expression profiles were analyzed by RT-PCR analysis, and changes in the expression levels of potential miRNAs were further verified in all study groups. (3) Results: The miR-146a expression level considerably increased in MASLD patients compared to the control group. Furthermore, miR-99a and miR-640 expression levels significantly increased in AntiHBs (−) healthy individuals. (4): Conclusions: miR-146a could be used as the diagnostic marker in MASLD patients. Furthermore, the miR-99a and miR-640 expression levels could predict hepatitis B vaccine response. However, validation studies are required to verify the biomarker potential of miRNAs within a more significant number of patients.
Expression of Mutated BRAFV595E Kinase in Canine Carcinomas—An Immunohistochemical Study
Authors: Bartel Annika , Aupperle-Lellbach Heike , Kehl Alexandra , Weidle Silvia , Aeschlimann Leonore , Klopfleisch Robert , Brot Simone de
Published: November 2024

Alterations of the BRAF gene and the resulting changes in the BRAF protein are one example of molecular cancer profiling in humans and dogs. We tested 227 samples of canine carcinomas from different anatomical sites (anal sac (n = 23), intestine (n = 21), liver (n = 21), lungs (n = 19), mammary gland (n = 20), nasal cavity (n = 21), oral epithelium (n = 18), ovary (n = 20), prostate (n = 21), thyroid gland (n = 21), urinary bladder (n = 22)) with two commercially available primary anti-BRAFV600E antibodies (VE1 Ventana, VE1 Abcam). The immunohistochemical results were confirmed with droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). BRAFV595E-mutated cases were found in canine prostatic (16/21), urothelial (17/22), and oral squamous cell carcinomas (4/18), while other carcinoma types tested negative. Both antibodies showed consistent results, with intracytoplasmic immunolabeling of tumour cells, making them reliable tools for detecting the BRAFV595E mutation in canine carcinomas. In conclusion, identifying BRAF mutations from biopsy material offers a valuable opportunity to enhance cancer treatment strategies (BRAF inhibitors) in canine urothelial carcinomas, prostatic carcinomas, and oral squamous cell carcinomas.
Att-BEVFusion: An Object Detection Algorithm for Camera and LiDAR Fusion Under BEV Features
Authors: Shi Peicheng , Zhou Mengru , Dong Xinlong , Yang Aixi
Published: November 2024

To improve the accuracy of detecting small and long-distance objects while self-driving cars are in motion, in this paper, we propose a 3D object detection method, Att-BEVFusion, which fuses camera and LiDAR data in a bird’s-eye view (BEV). First, the transformation from the camera view to the BEV space is achieved through an implicit supervision-based method, and then the LiDAR BEV feature point cloud is voxelized and converted into BEV features. Then, a channel attention mechanism is introduced to design a BEV feature fusion network to realize the fusion of camera BEV feature space and LiDAR BEV feature space. Finally, regarding the issue of insufficient global reasoning in the BEV fusion features generated by the channel attention mechanism, as well as the challenge of inadequate interaction between features. We further develop a BEV self-attention mechanism to apply global operations on the features. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of the Att-BEVFusion fusion algorithm on the nuScenes dataset, and the results demonstrate that the algorithm achieved 72.0% mean average precision (mAP) and 74.3% nuScenes detection score (NDS), with an advanced detection accuracy of 88.9% and 91.8% for single-item detection of automotive and pedestrian categories, respectively.
“Very Misunderstood”: Self-Perceived Social Communication Experiences of Autistic Young Adults
Authors: Banks Aieshea L. , Mainess Karen J. , Javaherian Heather , Natsuaki Misaki N.
Published: November 2024

Historically, society has labeled social communication differences in autistic individuals as disordered by comparing them to the social communication behaviors of the predominant non-autistic population. This study explores how autistic young adults view their social communication experiences and how their differences impact them when navigating social situations in predominantly non-autistic environments. This qualitative study utilized purposive sampling to recruit 15 autistic adults aged 18–28 in the United States. All participants were conversation-level speaking communicators and high school graduates. Each participant engaged in an individual semi-structured, conversational interview with the first author via Zoom video conferences between November 2019 and June 2020. The data analysis identified inductive themes through interpretive phenomenological analysis. Five major themes emerged from the data that captured the challenges of autistic adults: (a) “Communication definitely is a struggle at times”, (b) “if it’s a very comfortable situation, then it’s fine”, (c) my communication style has “been very misunderstood”, (d) “I have to learn people”, and (e) “we’re all human. Autistic too, we’re still human”. The participants’ experiences suggest that differences in their communication style and social behavior resulted in overwhelming feelings of uncertainty and marginalization as they put great effort into engaging with non-autistic individuals.
Optimizing Self-Compacting Concrete through the Incorporation of Calcined Mud at 850°C
Authors: Mohamed Krachaï Rachida , Bouabdallah Moulaï Abdellah
Published: November 2024

The quantity of mud increases annually at dam sites, thereby reducing their storage capacity. To extend the lifespan of these structures, dam dredging is an essential solution. However, the extraction of enormous amounts of mud through the dam's bottom outlets, which remain unused, currently poses an environmental problem.
The primary objective of this research is to study the influence of mud, after thermal treatment at 850°C, added as an additive on the behavior of self-compacting concrete (SCC).
The first section of this article aims to detail the steps and essential processes for obtaining high-quality self-compacting concrete, incorporating calcined mud as an additive while adhering to current standards. The second part presents results related to mechanical compressive strength and split tensile strength concerning age.
Enhancing the Strength and Durability Behaviour of Concrete Produced with Brown-Loamy Kaolin Clay Polymer
Authors: Zievie Patrick , Paa-Kofi Yalley Peter , Danso Humphrey , Antwi Kwaku
Published: November 2024

Clay is the most utilised natural pozzolana in Ghana, with the red-loamy clay in southern Ghana being the most widely studied. It has been established that clays geographical location presents differences in their optimum calcination temperatures and cement replacement levels. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential use of brown-loamy kaolin clay polymer in northern Ghana as a natural pozzolana. The clay was thermally activated, and it became more pozzolanic reactive at 800oC. The clay was used to replace cement at 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% based on the weight of the cement, and denoted as Ao, K5, K10, K15 and K20 respectively. Concrete cubes of size 150×150×150mm and cylinders of size 150×300mm were cast and cured for 7, 14, 28, and 90 days. The samples were tested for density, compressive strength, split tensile strength, water absorption and sulphate attack. Maximum compressive and split tensile strengths were achieved at the 15% replacement level in all curing durations. Again, there was a significant decrease in water absorption and sulphate attack up to the 15% replacement level. Beyond the 15% and up to the 20%, the decrease was minimal. The increase in strength and decrease in durability properties was significantly high in 90 days compared to 7 days. The study therefore recommends the use of brown-loamy clay up to 15% cement substitution. It use would be advantageous for concrete production in situations where high to medium workability and delays in setting times are required.
Influence of the thermomechanical loading on the behavior of high performance concrete and ordinary concrete
Authors: Bouabdallah Moulaï Abdellah
Published: November 2024

The present article aims to present an experimental study to investigate the behavior of high performance concrete and ordinary concrete that were subjected to thermomechanical loading. The mechanical properties of both types of concrete, which underwent heat treatment, were studied at room temperature. In addition, the compressive strength was tested and calculated at different ages, namely 7, 14, 28 and 60 days. For each test, the samples were heated at a rate of 5 °C/min, until the following temperatures were reached, i.e. 250 °C, 350 °C, 450 °C, 600 °C and 900 °C. The target temperature was kept constant for one hour in order to ensure that it was uniform throughout the sample, before cooling. Moreover, the sample weight was measured before and after heating in order to determine the weight loss of the samples tested. The findings allowed concluding that the mechanical characteristics of concrete were enhanced after exposure to temperatures within the range from 250 °C to 450 °C.
Fatigue behavior of damaged concrete beams repaired with composite material
Authors: Hadjazi Khamis , Hamiani A. , Zouaoui Sereir , Sofiane Amziane
Published: November 2024

By the present paper, an analytical model was developed to study the cracked FRP-strengthened reinforced concrete beams subjected to fatigue loading. In order to follow the distribution of interfacial shear stresses causing the debonding phenomenon, a new analytical model based on the cohesive zone (CZ) approach was developed. The present model has the possibility to describe the evolution of the shear stress in the three zones (elastic, microcrack and debonding) and the bearing capacity of the repaired structure. Interface damage scenarios were evaluated for a fatigue load estimated to 90% of the elastic load and another at 60% of the ultimate load Pu.  Results obtained are in good agreement with those given by the literature. The results showed that the shear strength developed by the repaired beam is sensitive to the variation of the mechanical properties (Concrete, FRP and Adhesive layer), the fatigue load ratio and the number of cycles. These parameters can be considered as indicators of damage affecting the health status of the structure repaired during fatigue. The debonding at the FRP-concrete interface noticeably reduced the strength and lifespan of the repaired structure.
Viability of flax particles to develop cellular construction materials: Physico-mechanical characterisation
Authors: Hamadou-Ali Mohamed , Benazzouk Amar , Ben Hamed Haikel
Published: November 2024

The problems related to environmental issues have motivated extensive research on environmentally friendly materials. The built environment is responsible for high primary energy use and more of energy related CO2 emissions. However, it is important to develop low-embodied energy, carbon-negative, sustainable construction materials to replace conventional products. In this context, agricultural wastes are the excellent alternative materials to substitute mineral aggregates because they are widespread and easily accessible. The application of these elements is interesting as regards the recycling of the vegetable particles, since these are easily available and renewable low-cost raw materials, and has advantage for economy and environment. However, the reduction of energy consumption in construction, production of thermal insulation materials, and the solution of environmental problems by recycling waste are becoming greater problems. Various types of agriculture waste, after being processed, have been used as particles in concrete or mortars. These materials display lower density and have several potential applications such as acoustic and thermal insulation, fire resistance cladding…etc.
The study reported in this paper was undertaken to investigate the physico-mechanical properties of cellular materials based on flax particles, in order to produce usable materials in cellular concrete applications. The material produced containing different volumes of flax particles (0V (control mortar), 1V, and 2V) was lightened by creating a porous structure in the matrix through a chemical reaction between aluminium powder and free lime. A study conducted on hardened material properties has indicated a significant reduction in sample unit weight, thereby resulting in a level of compressive strength compatible with a load-bearing wall. The reduction in flexural strength was lower than that in compressive strength. These results shown that the cellular material based on flax particles can be used as suitable insulated load-bearing walls.
A New Scientific Medical Model: Improvement of the Current Biopsychosocial Medical Models
Authors: Zhang Kezhen
Published: November 2024

The current biopsychosocial medical models have substantial limitations and require to form an improved scientific medical model. This new model should consider human health holistically, emphasizing the integrity of life and focusing on the impact of physiological spaces, natural factors, and the interaction between individuals and their environment. We propose a “life–society–nature medical model” that provides novel perspectives for innovation in basic medical theory, the integration of Traditional Chinese and Western medicine, disease diagnosis, therapy and prevention, as well as the development of new therapeutic agents, scientific instruments, and approaches to medical education.
Daily brisk walking increases intestinal acetic acid in short-chain fatty adults in healthy young adults: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Morita Emiko , Ando Suguru , Fukuyama Yumi , Kikuchi Yui , Kumabe Sho , Yamashina Yoshihiro
Published: November 2024

Introduction: In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of daily physical activity levels, specifically brisk walking, on short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production through the modulation of SCFA-producing bacteria in young individuals. Methods: This 12-week randomized comparative trial included 30 participants. The participants were assigned to either the group that walked 8000 steps daily, including 20 minutes of brisk walking at an intensity of≥5 metabolic equivalents (BW group), or the group that walked 8000 steps daily at their customary pace (CP group). The SCFA levels and composition of the intestinal microbiota were assessed before and after the intervention. Daily physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness were monitored using an accelerometer and the incremental shuttle walking test (ISWT), respectively. Results: The BW group exhibited a significant increase in the level of acetic acid, a type of SCFA, following the intervention. The relative abundance of intestinal Bifidobacterium was significantly higher in participants who successfully completed 20 minutes of brisk walking during the intervention. Conclusion: Daily brisk walking for 20 minutes enhances acetic acid production by fostering the proliferation of Bifidobacterium in young individuals.
“… nada se rompe porque sí”
Authors: Di Bartolo Antonela
Published: November 2024

La presente nota se propone ensayar y dar cuenta de un breve recorrido histórico y fundacional de las escuelas de modalidad especial en la Provincia de Santa Fe tomando como eje de partida la década del 50 con la creación de las Escuelas Diferenciales y los diversos movimientos tanto legislativos como ideológicos que se han producido estos últimos años. La perspectiva decolonial y crítica resulta medular para el despliegue de los contenidos, los análisis y la intencionalidad de la escritura que esta narrativa pretende acercar.
Afetlerde Refakatsiz ve Kimliği Belirlenemeyen Çocukların Korunması Sürecinde Tıbbi Sosyal Hizmet Uzmanlarının Rol ve Görevleri: 6 Şubat Depremi Örneği
Authors: Ünlü İpen İlknur
Published: November 2024

Türkiye’de 6 Şubat 2023 tarihinde, Kahramanmaraş’ın Pazarcık ve Elbistan ilçelerinde iki yıkıcı deprem meydana gelmiş ve depremler 11 ilde büyük felaketlere neden olmuştur. Bu felaketlerde toplam 50 binden fazla insan hayatını kaybetmiş, yaklaşık 4,8 milyondan fazla çocuk da depremden olumsuz etkilenmiştir. Bu süreçte depremin yıkıcı etkileri sonucunda acil müdahale ve tedavi gereksinimi olan kimliği belirlenemeyen ve refakatsiz 0-18 yaş grubundaki depremzede çocuklar sağlık kurumlarına getirilmişlerdir. Afet yönetim sürecinde, tıbbi tedaviye ihtiyaç duyan refakatsiz ve kimliği belirlenemeyen çocukların çok disiplinli ve bütüncül bir bakış açısıyla değerlendirilmesi gerekmektedir. Multidisipliner ekiplerle yürütülen hastane afet yönetim sürecinde sosyal hizmet uzmanları, psikososyal müdahale ekiplerinin önemli bir parçasıdır. Bakım, gözetim ve korunma gereksinimi olan söz konusu çocuklara çeşitli psikososyal hizmetlerin sunulması, gereksinim duydukları kaynaklara erişimlerinin sağlanması, çocukların tedavi, bakım ve korunma süreçlerinde ilgili kuruluşlarla koordinasyonun sağlanmasında sosyal hizmet uzmanlarının mesleki çalışmaları, rol ve işlevleri oldukça önemlidir. Bu derleme çalışmasının amacı, 6 Şubat deprem afeti sonrası geride kalan refakatsiz ve kimliği belirlenemeyen çocukların korunma altına alınması sürecinde gerçekleştirilen saha uygulamalarına ilişkin deneyimlerin literatüre kazandırılması ve bu tür afet olaylarında kriz yönetiminin daha etkin ve verimli sağlanması açısından sosyal hizmet uzmanlarının rol ve işlevlerinin ortaya konulmasıdır. Bu çerçevede sosyal hizmet uzmanlarının savunucu, danışman, eğitmen, bağlantı kurucu, aracı, harekete geçirici, hızlandırıcı, kolaylaştırıcı, planlayıcı ve güçlendirici rollerinin yaşanan afet sonrası uygulamalarda ön plana çıktığı görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak bu çalışmada, afet yönetim sürecinde tıbbi tedaviye ihtiyaç duyan refakatsiz ve kimliği belirlenemeyen çocukların korunmasına yönelik psikososyal destek hizmetlerin geliştirilmesi ile refakatsiz ve kimliği belirlenemeyen çocukların ailelerine erişiminin sağlanması noktasında aile birleşimini sağlayacak takip sistemlerinin kurulması önerilmektedir.
IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF THE 3-PHASE INVERTER USING A 5-LEVEL NEUTRAL POINT CLAMPED INVERTER TECHNIQUE COMBINED WITH THE SINUSOIDAL PULSE-WIDTH MODULATION
Authors: Dang Huu Phuc  , Pham Tan Hung
Published: November 2024

The use of renewable energy sources is a global trend, aiming to limit the use of fossil energy sources that pollute the environment. Inverters are very important devices used in renewable energy conversion systems. Therefore, improving the quality of inverters isan issue that is receiving a lot of attention and research. This paper focuses on the solution to improve the quality of 3-phase inverters using the neutral point clamped (NPC)-5 level inverter technique combined with the sinusoidal pulsewidth modulation (SinPWM) technique. One of the highlight points of this study is that it has successfully reduced the number of switching times and eliminated the common-mode voltage (CMV). The simulation results have shown that the proposed technique has achieved excellent and feasible results, thereby the inverter quality is significantly improved.
Pengaruh Metode Quiz Team dalam Model Pembelajaran Discovery Learning terhadap Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas XI MIA SMA Negeri 3 Gowa (Materi Pokok Larutan Penyangga)
Authors: RH Siti Zhaafira , Side Sumiati , Hardin Hardin
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode quiz team dalam model pembelajaran discovery learning terhadap motivasi dan hasil belajar kimia peserta didik kelas XI MIA SMA Negeri 3 Gowa. Populasinya adalah seluruh kelas XI MIA SMA Negeri 3 Gowa yang tersebar dalam 7 kelas. Sampelnya adalah XI MIA 2 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan XI MIA 1 sebagai kelas kontrol dengan jumlah peserta didik masing-masing 34 dan 36 orang. Penentuan kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol dengan menggunakan teknik undian. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah angket motivasi sejumlah 20 item dan tes hasil belajar pilihan ganda sejumlah 20 item pada materi pokok larutan penyangga. Oleh karena uji prasyarat tidak normal dan tidak homogen maka digunakan uji statistik non-parametrik (Mann-Whitney). Zhitung hipotesis 1 = 5,29 dan Zhitung hipotesis 2 = 3,13 pada taraf signifikan α = 0.05 diperoleh Ztabel = 1,64. Oleh karena itu, Zhitung>Ztabel maka H1 diterima H0 ditolak baik hipotesis 1 maupun hipotesis 2. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh metode quiz team dalam model pembelajaran discovery learning baik terhadap motivasi maupun terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik kelas XI MIA SMA Negeri 3 Gowa pada materi pokok larutan penyangga
Perbandingan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas X IPA Menggunakan Media File Dokumen Dan Video Tutorial Berbasis Google Classroom Pada Model Pembelajaran Direct Instruction Materi Pokok Ikatan Kimia (Studi Pada SMA Negeri 8 Model Bulukumba)
Authors: Hidayat Rahmat Nur , Sulastry Taty , Alimin Alimin
Published: November 2024

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu yang bersifat komparatif bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar peserta kelas X SMA Negeri 8 Model Bulukumba yang diajar menggunakan media file dokumen dan video tutorial berbasis Google Classroom pada model pembelajaran Direct Instruction materi pokok ikatan kimia. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh peserta didik kelas X IPA SMA Negeri 8 Model Bulukumba sebanyak 5 kelas, dan sampelnya adalah kelas X IPA 1 sebagai kelompok ekperimen I dengan jumlah peserta didik 30 orang dan kelas X IPA 2 sebagai kelompok ekperimen II dengan jumlah peserta didik 24 orang. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah posttest-only control group design. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu simple random sampling. Hasil analisis prasyarat statistik inferensial terhadap tes hasil belajar menunjukkan bahwa data pada kelas ekperimen I dan kelas ekperimen II terdistribusi normal dan kedua kelas berasal dari populasi yang homogen. Hasil analisis inferensial menggunakan uji-t dengan α = 0,05 diperoleh thitung< –ttabel (-3,89 -2). Dapat disimpulkan H0 ditolak H1 diterima berarti ada perbedaan hasil belajar peserta didik kelas X SMA Negeri 8 Model Bulukumba yang diajar menggunakan media file dokumen dan video tutorial berbasis Google Classroom pada model pembelajaran Direct Instruction materi pokok ikatan kimia.

ABSTRACT
This research is a comparative quasi-experimental research which aims to determine the differences in learning outcomes of class X SMA Negeri 8 Model Bulukumba students who are taught using document files and video tutorials based on Google Classroom in the Direct Instruction learning model on the subject matter of chemical bonds. The population in this study were all students of class X IPA SMA Negeri 8 Model Bulukumba as many as 5 classes, and the sample was class X IPA 1 as the experimental group I with 30 students and class X IPA 2 as the experimental group II with 24 of students. The research design used was posttest-only control group design. The sampling technique was simple random sampling. The results of the inferential statistical prerequisite analysis of the learning outcomes test show that the data in the experimental class I and experiment class II are normally distributed and both classes come from a homogeneous population. The results of inferential analysis using t-test with α = 0.05 obtained thitung< –ttabel (-3,89 -2). It can be concluded that H0 is rejected. H1 is accepted, which means that there are differences in the learning outcomes of students in class X SMA Negeri 8 Model Bulukumba who are taught using document files and video tutorials based on Google Classroom in the Direct Instruction learning model on the subject matter of chemical bonding.
ANALISIS AWAL WAHANA TIGER CAMP LUBUK MINTURUN KOTA PADANG SEBAGAI EDUPARK DALAM PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA
Authors: Ramadhani Puti , Novitra Fuja
Published: November 2024

Edupark merupakan pembelajaran fisika ditempat wisata alam dan buatan yang dikaitkan dengan konsep-konsep fisika yang dijadikan sarana pembelajaran. Tiger Camp Lubuk Minturun, Padang merupakan kawasan wisata lokal yang memiliki beberapa objek wisata buatan. Pada umumnya pengunjung objek wisata hanya memanfaatkan pemandangan alamuntuk berfoto, kolam renang, villa, dan beberapa objek wisata lain. Tanpa mereka sadari ternyata banyak sekali konsep-konsep esensial fisika yang terdapat didalamnya.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui konsep-konsep esensial fisika pada wahana Tiger Camp. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan survei dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahawa terdapat konsep esensial fisika pada wahana tiger camp lubuk minturun dalam pembelajaran fisika kurikulum 2013.
ANALISIS KONSEP FISIKA MAHASISWA TEKNIK ELEKTRONIKA UNIVERSITAS NEGERI MAKASSAR
Authors: Syarifuddin Nur Aulia Fitriani , Martawijaya M. A. , Usman Usman
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian studi yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan konsep fisika yang dimiliki oleh mahasiswa jurusan Teknik Elektronika di Universitas Negeri Makassar. Masalah yang dikaji adalah konsep fisika yang dimiliki oleh mahasiswa jurusan teknik eletronika, subjek penelitian ini adalah 2 mahasiswa yang memiliki nilai yang tinggi. Mata kuliah yang dipiluh oleh peneliti adalah rangkaian listrik, peneliti menggunakan instrumen wawancara dengan validasi pakar, berdasarkan analisis Gregory sebesar 0,975 dan dinyatakan valid dan dapat digunakan dengan revisi kecil. Teknik analisis data yaitu mereduksi data, menyaji data, dan penarikan kesimpulan sehingga konsep fisika mahasiswa teknik elektronika menunjukkan bahwa ada 2 subjek yang memiliki konsep fisika yang bagus. Diantara 2 subjek tersebut ada 1 subjek yang memiliki konsep fisika yang tinggi.
ANALISIS MINERAL MAGNETIK GUANO GUA KAWASAN KARST MAROS TAMAN NASIONAL BANTIMURUNG BULUSARAUNG
Authors: Sandi Imam Ashari , Arsyad Muhammad , Tiwow Vistarani Arini
Published: November 2024

Telah dilakukan penelitian dengan tujuan untuk menganalisis nilai suseptibilitas magnetik dan sifat guano Gua Mimpi Taman Nasional Bantimurung Bulusaraung. Sampel diperoleh di Gua Mimpi pada koordinat 05°01'10,6" S 119°41'11,3" E dengan mengambil sampel pada 30 titik yang berbeda. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode suseptibilitas magnetik dan XRD. Nilai suseptibilitas magnetik guano di Gua Mimpi bervariasi dengan rentang 2,867×10-6m3/kg hingga 85,507×10-6m3/kg. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa sampel mengandung mineral magnetik yang bersifat paramagnetik. Hasil analisis jenis mineral magnetik berdasarkan pola difraksi menunjukkan mineral yang dominan adalah Al(OH)3Aluminium (III) Hydroxide, Na2Al2Si3O102H2O Natrium Aluminosilikate, AlO(OH) Aluminium Oxide Hydroxide, Al2032Si4.2H2O Aluminium Silikate Hydrat, AlKO8Si3 Kalium Feldspar sementara mineral dalam jumlah minor terkandung pada sampel guano Fe3O4  Iron (II,III) Oxyde dan Si3O2 Quarzt.
ANALISIS MISKONSEPSI FISIKA MATERI USAHA DAN ENERGI DI SMA HASANUDDIN GOWA
Authors: Ustari Anggi Ayu , Palloan Pariabti , Dahlan Ahmad
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui miskonsepsi dan penyebab miskonsepsi peserta didik SMA pada konsep usaha dan energi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus tahun ajaran 2023/2024 di SMA Hasanuddin Gowa.  Sampel   dipilih  menggunakan   simple random sampling,   yaitu   teknik pengambilan sampel secara acak tanpa memperhatikan strata dalam populasi, sehingga diperoleh jumlah sampel sebanyak 61 orang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian deskriptif, yaitu penelitian yang dimaksudkan untuk menyelidiki keadaan atau kondisi, yang hasilnya dilaporkan dalam bentuk laporan hasil penelitian. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu instrumen two tier test berupa soal pilihan ganda dua tingkat dengan membagi pemahaman konsep peserta didik dalam kategori memahami, miskonsepsi dan paham konsep yang terdiri dari 12 butir soal dan juga dilakukan wawancara peserta didik. Berdasarkan hasil analisis instrumen two tier test, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa terdeteksi miskonsepsi pada semua sub konsep usaha dan energi, yaitu usaha, teorema usaha energi kinetik, energi potensial, dan hukum kekekalan energi mekanik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase miskonsepsi sebanyak 45% peserta didik.
O języku gestów i jego funkcji w indyjskim systemie komunikacji scenicznej
Authors: Kołdrzak Elżbieta
Published: November 2024

This text presents the process of resemanticising on stage the original meanings attributed to specific hand movements used in classical Indian theatre. The basis for this discussion are chapters from Bharata Muni’s Natyashastra that related to the systematization of specific hand gestures and the link between the language of gestures and the aesthetic concept of theatre — the theory of “taste” (rasa). The discussion concentrates on demonstrating a direct relationship between the meaning of gestures, dramatic space, an actor’s body, his facial expressions and gestures and the process of resemanticization. In the conclusion, the process of dramatic resemanticization is presented as the creation of systems of arbitrary signs (presented content and gestural signs) or combinations of symbols (presented content and arbitrary gestural signs) with signs (the emotional context of the presented content, i.e., the actor’s facial expression and gestures).
Uma demonstração da irracionalidade do número de Euler
Authors: Santos Felipe Fonseca dos , Santos Devison Rocha
Published: November 2024

Euler's number, denoted by e, stands as one of the most emblematic constants in mathematics. It is an irrational number that serves as the base of natural logarithms, boasting significant historical and theoretical aspects.  The present work aims to demonstrate the irrationality of any non-zero rational power of the Euler number. To construct this demonstration, a sequence of real numbers,  derived from a definite integral, is used and through the technique of integration by parts and by the use of the second principle of induction, a special characterization is presented allowing to deduce the main result. As an immediate consequence, we obtain the irrationality of Euler's number and also that the natural logarithm of every positive rational number other than one is irrational.