bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Refounding Denied: Hannah Arendt on Limited Principles and the Lost Promise of Reconstruction
Authors: Plaetzer Niklas
Published: July 2023

This article argues that Hannah Arendt’s essay “Civil Disobedience” contains a critique of white constitutionalism. A close reading of Arendt’s comments on the failure of Reconstruction to durably found Black citizenship reveals that the anti-Blackness of her account does not consist in ignoring the racialization of constitutional order but, to the contrary, in a dismissal of Black politics due to the limitations of a white constitutional heritage. In “Civil Disobedience,” Arendt thus stood on the edge of an insight that she failed to develop more fully: Black movements had brought to light the limitations that racial domination places on the “augmentation” of America’s founding principles. For Arendt, the notion of the “principle” is meant to mediate the novelty of action with the durability of order. But to the extent that she views American institutions as defined by the “inherited crime” of slavery, feedback across temporal strata—between a principle in past, present, and future—is structurally blocked. The symbolic whiteness of citizenship undermines institutional durability, as it generates a crisis of constitutional authority for all. Tracing the sources behind Arendt’s pessimistic vision, the article demonstrates echoes between her account and the literature on which she relied: Tocqueville; Stanley Elkins; and, possibly, W. E. B. Du Bois. It concludes with a reading of Arendt’s commentary on Reconstruction as the attempt to recover a lost moment of foundation, an unredeemed promise of refounding.
Quantized H∞ filtering for networked systems with stochastic cyber attacks: A dynamic event-triggered scheme
Authors: Feng Zongying , Shao Hanyong
Published: July 2023

This paper is concerned with the dynamic event-triggered H∞ filtering for networked systems with stochastic cyber attacks and quantization. First, a new dynamic event-triggered scheme is employed to save limited system resources by using a new triggering error, which includes the conventional one. Second, the filtering error system is formulated under the dynamic event-triggered scheme, quantization and stochastic cyber attacks in a unified framework, and independent Bernoulli distributed variables are used to describe the randomly occurring cyber attacks. Third, a new sufficient condition is established to guarantee the filtering error system is mean-square asymptotically stable and achieves a prescribed H∞ performance. Under the condition, a new filter design method is given by applying a reversible linear transformation. Finally, a mechanical system with two masses and two springs is given to demonstrate the proposed method is more effective.
Designing A Valid and Reliable AAC App Evaluation Tool: Differences Between Team and Novice Raters
Authors: Boesch Miriam C. , Da Fonte M. Alexandra , Cavagnini Melissa J. , Shaw Kaitlyn R. , Deneny Keren E. , Davis Margaret F.
Published: July 2023

Students with complex communication needs have increasingly been using non-dedicated communication systems, such as mobile devices, to support their communication needs. This in turn, has led to an increased used of augmentative and alternative communication apps. The main challenge currently faced is the lack of empirically validated apps and evaluation systems to assess the features of the apps. As a result, this study attempted to determine the reliability of an app evaluation tool that was grounded in the components of the feature matching model. The goal was also to identify if the app evaluation tool could be used to evaluate various types of augmentative and alternative communication apps. Participants evaluated apps across the dimensions of usability, output, and display. Results suggest that expert raters were more reliability than novice raters across the various types of apps. Practical implications and future research directions are discussed.
Sutureless valves versus aortic root enlargement for aortic valve replacement in small aortic annulus: A systematic review and pooled analysis
Authors: Agarwal Rajat , Arnav Amiy , Ranjan Ashis , Mudgal Shiv , Singh Dharmendra
Published: July 2023

Background

Very few studies provide direct comparisons between aortic root enlargement and sutureless valve implantation in patients with a small aortic annulus who underwent aortic valve replacement. This study aims to provide comparative outcomes between the two in such a subset of patients, through a systematic review and pool analysis.

Methods

The PubMed, Scopus and Embase databases were searched using the appropriate terms. The data from original articles mentioning aortic root enlargement and sutureless valves in a single or comparative study with another group of patients with a small aortic annulus were pooled and analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Results

Both cardiopulmonary bypass (68.4 vs. 125.03 min, p < 0.001) and aortic cross-clamp times were significantly shorter in the sutureless valve group, along with a concomitantly higher number of minimally invasive surgeries. The incidence of permanent pacemaker implantation (9.76% vs. 3.16%, p < 0.00001), patient prosthesis mis-match and paravalvular leak was significantly higher in the sutureless valve group. In comparison, the incidence of re-exploration for bleeding was higher in the aortic root enlargement group (5.27% vs. 3.16%, p < 0.02). The two groups had no differences in the duration of hospital stays or mortality.

Conclusions

Sutureless valves demonstrated a comparable hemodynamic outcome with aortic root enlargement in patients with a small aortic annulus. In addition to this, it greatly facilitated minimally invasive surgery. However, the high incidence of pacemaker implantation is still a concern for the widespread recommendation of sutureless valves, especially in young patients with a small aortic annulus.
Weaving a community of learning and care: The Latin American Biblical University Online during the pandemic
Authors: Koll Karla Ann
Published: July 2023

The Latin American Biblical University (UBL) was one of the first institutions in Costa Rica to offer distance education. As the UBL moved to online education, it adopted a community of inquiry model. In the context of the pandemic, the UBL developed this model further with innovative educational experiences and a focus on intercontextual education in real time. In addition, online support groups helped students cope with the stress of the pandemic and modeled new forms of pastoral care.
Contrastive focus is acquirable: An investigation of Russian contrastive focus with English/Russian bilinguals
Authors: Ionin Tania , Luchkina Tatiana , Goldshtein Maria
Published: July 2023

This article reports on two experiments that examine the computation of contrastive focus in Russian on the part of adult English-dominant heritage speakers and second language learners of Russian, in comparison with baseline monolinguals. The first experiment uses an acceptability judgment task to determine whether bilingual and monolingual speakers use both contextual and prosodic cues to determine the location of contrastive focus. A follow-up experiment uses two prominence detection tasks in order to separately examine participants’ sensitivity to contextual vs. prosodic cues. The findings indicate that, at higher proficiency, bilingual speakers of Russian successfully use both contextual and prosodic cues to contrastive focus; with proficiency controlled for, heritage speakers do not have an advantage over second language learners in this domain. These findings are discussed in light of cross-linguistic influence and interface vulnerability.
Academic data science: Transdisciplinary and extradisciplinary visions
Authors: Tanweer Anissa , Steinhoff James
Published: July 2023

As a nascent field within the academy, the contours, attributes, and bounties of data science are still indeterminate and contested. We studied how participants in an initiative to establish data science at a large American research university defined data science and articulated their relationships to the field. We discuss two contrasting visions for data science among our research participants. One vision is a transdisciplinary view portraying data science as a phenomenon with transcendent, appropriative, and impositional qualities that sits apart from academic domains. Another view of data science—one that was far more prevalent among our research subjects—casts data science as grounded, relational, and adaptive, emerging from crosspollination of numerous academic domains. We argue that this latter formulation represents a more quotidian reality of data science and positions the field as an extradiscipline, defined as a field that exists to facilitate the exchange of knowledge, skills, tools, and methods from an indeterminate and fluctuating set of disciplinary perspectives while conserving the boundaries of those disciplines. We argue that the dueling transdisciplinary and extradisciplinary visions for data science have important implications for how the field will mature, and that the extradiscipline concept opens novel directions for studying academic knowledge production in STS, contributing additional precision to the literature on disciplinarity and its permutations.
Practice-Pattern Variation in Sedation of Neurotrauma Patients in the Intensive Care Unit: An International Survey
Authors: Dolmans Rianne G.F. , Nahed Brian V. , Robertson Faith C. , Peul Wilco C. , Rosenthal Eric S. , Broekman Marike L.D.
Published: July 2023

Background: Analgo-sedation plays an important role during intensive care management of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients, however, limited evidence is available to guide practice. We sought to quantify practice-pattern variation in neurotrauma sedation management, surveying an international sample of providers. Methods: An electronic survey consisting of 56 questions was distributed internationally to neurocritical care providers utilizing the Research Electronic Data Capture platform. Descriptive statistics were used to quantitatively describe and summarize the responses. Results: Ninety-five providers from 37 countries responded. 56.8% were attending physicians with primary medical training most commonly in intensive care medicine (68.4%) and anesthesiology (26.3%). Institutional sedation guidelines for TBI patients were available in 43.2%. Most common sedative agents for induction and maintenance, respectively, were propofol (87.5% and 88.4%), opioids (60.2% and 70.5%), and benzodiazepines (53.4% and 68.4%). Induction and maintenance sedatives, respectively, are mostly chosen according to provider preference (68.2% and 58.9%) rather than institutional guidelines (26.1% and 35.8%). Sedation duration for patients with intracranial hypertension ranged from 24 h to 14 days. Neurological wake-up testing (NWT) was routinely performed in 70.5%. The most common NWT frequency was every 24 h (47.8%), although 20.8% performed NWT at least every 2 h. Richmond Agitation and Sedation Scale targets varied from deep sedation (34.7%) to alert and calm (17.9%). Conclusions: Among critically ill TBI patients, sedation management follows provider preference rather than institutional sedation guidelines. Wide practice-pattern variation exists for the type, duration, and target of sedative management and NWT performance. Future comparative effectiveness research investigating these differences may help optimize sedation strategies to promote recovery.
Becoming Black Womxn Through Embodied Inquiry
Authors: alexander e
Published: July 2023

In this conceptual piece, I use a framework of embodiment to argue for approaches to inquiry that are better suited to engage and amplify Black womxn's knowledges in social work than are more popular social sciences methods. I also relate embodiment to several epistemic frames, and warn against disembodiment through more popular methods. Finally, I present three embodied research approaches that align with feminist social work principles. Throughout the piece, I reference works that explore feminist and embodied practices while centering Black womxn. I also frame discussion through my own embodiment as a Black femme scholar and practitioner, and embodiment and its potential in inquiries through a Black feminist tradition. Embodiment has been a framework of feminist scholarship for decades, broadly defined as living out knowledge through the body and/or in its environments through a process of becoming. Scholars in this school of thought account for their and participants’ emotions and dispositions as part of how knowledge is lived, while treating the body as a text to be read.
Henri Maldiney dans les pas de François Cheng. La tradition de l'esthétique chinoise et la phénoménologie de l’art
Authors: Chen Jing , Ducard Dominique
Published: July 2023

Résumé

Comment et pourquoi le philosophe Henri Maldiney a puisé dans les textes de la tradition esthétique chinoise issue de la philosophie du Daoïsme et du Chan dans son approche phénoménologique de l’art. En quoi les ouvrages de l’écrivain et essayiste François Cheng, traducteur et médiateur, de par sa double culture, ont constitué pour lui une ressource textuelle et une source de réflexion. Notre article place ainsi le premier dans les pas du second pour montrer d’une part la mise en œuvre, par des opérations de citation, paraphrase, reformulation et corrélation, d’une lecture active et interprétative, d’autre part pour mettre en évidence le rapprochement effectué entre les deux conceptions théoriques. Au final il en ressort un éclairage mutuel des catégories de la pensée chinoise et des concepts phénoménologiques, qui renouvelle la compréhension des unes comme des autres.
New evidence of prehistoric human activity on the central Tibetan plateau during the early to middle Holocene
Authors: Wang Leibin , Zhang Haiwei , Zhang David D , Cheng Hai , Zhang Shengda , Li Teng , Zhang Yue , Wang Xiaoqing , Wu Zhifeng , Wang Yafeng , Chen Fahu
Published: July 2023

The cold and hypoxic environment of the Tibetan Plateau was a major challenge for its prehistoric human occupants. The earliest known hominin occupation (or visitation) of the Tibetan Plateau was at ~200 ka, in the middle Pleistocene, and these hominins must have had survival strategies for this harsh environment. We report the discovery of 5 handprints and 17 footprints on the travertine near the outlet of the Quesang hot spring, a well-documented archeological site with well-studied hominin hand and footprints on the Tibetan Plateau. Based on ichnological analysis and U-Th dating, we found that these intentional and unintentional traces were impressed during the early to middle Holocene. Combined with the 19 previously-dated hand and footprints from around the hot spring, we conclude that this site was attractive to ancient humans who made repeated visits over a long period. The strengthened monsoon in the early and middle Holocene may have promoted the expansion of prehistoric human activity onto the central Tibetan Plateau. The frequent human activities near the Quesang hot spring imply that the widespread hot springs on the Tibetan Plateau provided resources that facilitated human survival in this cold and dry plateau region.
Different periods, similar challenges, opposing paths: Exploring the social structure of popular science magazines in Turkey
Authors: Canpolat Emre
Published: July 2023

This study questions the social relations behind the challenges that popular science magazines in Turkey have faced from their onset, by focusing on the peculiarities of different historical periods and prevailing relations of production. The history of popular science magazines from the Ottoman Empire to the present day is also the history of the transition from artisan-like relations of production to factory-like relations of production and more. In this long historical period, premodern social relations and market conditions come to the fore as the main source of the challenges these magazines face. In recent years, big capital’s interest in popular science and the enthusiastic struggle of “zero capital” magazines on the other hand reveal two different sides of the picture. Similar challenges and divergent experiences across different periods indicate that popularizing science goes far beyond bringing science to lay people. This study shows that it is possible to trace a frustrated story of modernization, as well as economic and political turmoil, in these magazines’ survival struggle in a country which has not been closely studied in this respect.
Estonian Digital Entrepreneurship Ecosystem Based on Digital Platform Economy Index 2020
Authors: Dorjnyambuu Byambasuren
Published: July 2023

This study investigates the position of Estonia’s digital entrepreneurial ecosystem and provides policy suggestions to improve it based on the Digital Platform Economy Index 2020 developed by Szerb et al. (2022). Using DPE Index 2020 data, the Estonian digital entrepreneurial ecosystem is compared to Finland and Latvia using fundamental and pillar-based analysis. This article provides policy recommendations for the Estonian digital entrepreneurial ecosystem on three levels based on policy analysis and optimisation outcomes. Estonia was ranked 18th in the DPE Index 2020 with a higher DPE Index score than similarly developed countries, and its digital and entrepreneurial ecosystems are relatively balanced. Thus, Estonia is advised to maintain the balance between the digital and entrepreneurial ecosystems while preserving funding for DPE Index development to keep up with progress. Estonia should prioritise the pillars requiring the most improvement to enhance the efficiency of its DPE ecosystem.
Bioactivity Screening of Thirty Black Turmeric (Curcuma caesia Roxb.) Essential Oils Against Free Radicals and MDR Isolates
Authors: Khuntia Snehalata , Lenka Jyotirmayee , Dash Manaswini , Sahoo Bhaskar Chandra , Kar Basudeba , Sahoo Suprava
Published: July 2023

Background

Curcuma caesia Roxb. (Black turmeric) is a perennial medicinal herb belonging to the Zingiberaceae family that is endangered in Southeast Asia. It is treasured for its high-quality essential oil with tremendous medicinal and aromatic properties. In the present scenario, C. caesia Roxb. is an unexplored plant for drug discovery.

Objectives

The present study was undertaken to compare the bioactivities of Thirty C. caesia rhizomes and leaf oils collected from various eco-regions of Eastern India.

Materials and Methods

The comparative antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of leaf and rhizome essential oils from different eco-regions of Eastern India were assessed. The antioxidant activities were evaluated against standards like butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and ascorbic acid by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assays. Moreover, the essential oils were also evaluated for their antimicrobial activity using the broth micro-dilution assay for minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) against multidrug resistant strains.

Results

Leaf essential oils exhibited a considerable level of antioxidant potential as compared to rhizome essential oils and standard BHT. Furthermore, the essential oils also possessed a significant level of inhibitory activity against three multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains, such as Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The rhizome essential oils had shown the most effective antimicrobial activity against A. baumannii (MIC: 0.09 to 6.25 µg/mL) when compared with the positive control, ampicillin (MIC: 25 µg/mL).

Conclusion

The variability in bioactivities was greatly influenced by geographical origin. The identified accessions of C. caesia, that is, Cc 26 with better bioactivity potential, might be useful for formulating drugs in the future.
Culturally Responsive Evidence-Based Practices for Black Males With Emotional Behavioral Disorders
Authors: Power Mara E. , Kelley Mya H. , Selders Kimberly J. , Green Ambra L.
Published: July 2023

Students of color, especially Black males identified as having emotional behavior disorders (EBD), are overrepresented in exclusionary practices. Exclusionary practices, such as in-school suspension, out-of-school suspension, and expulsion, negatively impact academic and social–emotional–behavioral outcomes for all students, especially students with EBD. This article identifies the overlapping principles of culturally responsive teaching and culturally responsive pedagogy as theorized by Gay and Ladson-Billings so that teachers of students of color identified with EBD can better support the specific learning needs of their students. These principles are explicitly applied to behavior-specific praise and error corrections, two evidence-based classroom behavioral management practices.
Metastatic Translocated Renal Cell Carcinoma in a Kidney Transplant Patient - a Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Kläger Johannes , Schmidinger Manuela , Oszwald André , Wasinger Gabriel , Fajkovic Harun , Compérat Eva
Published: July 2023

TFEB-altered renal cell carcinomas are rare tumours. Here, we report the exceptional case of such a tumour in the setting of solid organ transplantation and with already metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis. The primary tumour occurred in the native kidney and only focally showed biphasic morphology whereas the metastasis, among others to the transplant kidney, showed nonspecific, albeit different morphology, but both had consistent TFEB translocation. Treatment with the immune checkpoint inhibitor pembrolizumab together with the multi-kinase inhibitor lenvatinib achieved partial response 14 months after diagnosis.
But Someone Was Right There: An Examination of How Third-Party Presence Is Associated With Rape and Sexual Assault Victim Help-Seeking Behavior and Reports to Police
Authors: Powers Mondragon Hailey , Rennison Callie Marie
Published: July 2023

This research evaluates whether third-party presence is associated with rape and sexual assault (RSA) victims help-seeking and reporting to police, addressing a gap in the literature about how the presence of a third-party is associated with victim behavior. This research uses secondary data from the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS). Findings indicate that third-party presence has no statistically significant association with help-seeking and marginal significance with police reporting. This research focuses on third-party presence as a precursor to understanding victim help-seeking behaviors and reports to police. This research raises questions about the expected role of third parties in RSA victimizations.
“God wastes nothing”: A consensual qualitative study of coping among Catholic individuals with cancer diagnoses
Authors: Shannonhouse Laura , Lopez Jorge , Hall M Elizabeth Lewis , Silverman Eric , Captari Laura E , Park Crystal L , McMartin Jason , Kapic Kelly , Aten Jamie
Published: July 2023

While religious meaning-making has been extensively studied, emic religious coping remains largely unexplored. This consensual qualitative research study explored Catholic cancer survivors’ ( N = 22) descriptions of drawing on their religious framework throughout their cancer journeys. Findings revealed distinctive Catholic resources such as the power of blessings, drawing comfort from the saints and sacraments, and “offering up” suffering as a form of spiritual surrender, suggesting the existence of underlying theodicies of divine purpose as well as potential clinical resources. While many participants described spiritual struggles and questions, most found meaning through deepening their faith, helping others, and re-examining their priorities. Exploratory mixed-method analyses suggest that questioning God may promote turning toward faith, while being angry at God is associated with difficulty in doing so. The findings have implications for research, pointing to emic practices that merit further study.
Effects of entitativity on strategies of individual mobility and social competition
Authors: Li Jinfeng , Dang Jianning , Liu Li , Gu Zibei , Huang Lingling , Liu Zhen , Wei Cong
Published: July 2023

Group members often adopt various identity enhancement strategies to improve their unfavorable situations and achieve a positive image. Research on identity enhancement strategy determinants has been conducted mainly from an intergroup perspective, overlooking the role of fundamental group characteristics. To fill this gap, three studies (two preregistered) examined the effects of entitativity on individual mobility and social competition strategies. Across these studies, we manipulated ingroup entitativity and measured self-reported intentions (Studies 1 and 2) and behavioral choices (Study 3) relating to individual mobility and social competition. Results indicated that high (vs. low) entitativity group members were less likely to adopt individual mobility strategies and more likely to adopt social competition strategies. Importantly, these effects were observed in both intergroup comparison (Studies 1 and 3) and nonintergroup comparison contexts (Studies 2 and 3). These findings advance research on identity enhancement strategies and offer practical implications for group improvement and intergroup relations.
An experimental investigation on the hydrodynamic performance of floating bridge foundation with taut mooring system
Authors: Xiang Sheng , Zhang Songyan , Cheng Bin , Li Derui , Tang Miao
Published: July 2023

Floating bridges with floating foundations have wide application prospect in deep-water transportation infrastructures. The dynamic properties of floating foundation would deeply affect the structural characteristics of the whole floating bridges. However, limited research works, especially experimental studies, have been conducted to investigate the dynamic behaviors of floating bridge foundations. In this paper, a series of hydrodynamic model tests (including still water tests, regular wave tests, and environmental loading tests) on a floating bridge foundation composed of a floating platform and the mooring system combining tension legs and incline cables, are presented. The test campaign was conducted under the guidance of similarity criteria of Froude and Strouhal numbers, and focused on the structural hydrodynamic responses regarding platform motions and mooring tensions under wave and current loadings. Results show that, the hydrodynamic characteristics of the floating foundation could be quite different in bridge-transversal and -longitudinal directions. The platform dynamic motion is dominated by horizontal displacements, and slight coupling effects between rotational and lateral responses were found. Compared to the wave only conditions, the superposed currents in wave-current combination cases would mitigate the horizontally dynamic responses, and enhance the vertically heave oscillations of the floating foundation. The presented study provides beneficial references for further research on the design and construction of floating bridges in deep-water environment.
The More Things Change, the More They Stay the Same: HIV/AIDS Myths and Misinformation in the Rural United States
Authors: Smallwood Stacy W. , Parks Fayth M.
Published: July 2023

Approaches to HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment have made significant advances since the beginning of the epidemic. However, HIV myths and misinformation continue to persist, stymieing efforts to end the epidemic in the United States, particularly in rural areas. The present study’s purpose was to identify prevalent myths and misinformation about HIV/AIDS in the rural United States. Rural HIV/AIDS health care providers (n = 69) were asked via an audience response system (ARS) to provide responses to questions about HIV/AIDS myths and misinformation in their respective communities. Responses were analyzed qualitatively using thematic coding. Responses were grouped into four thematic categories: risk beliefs, consequences of infection, populations affected, and service delivery. Many responses were consistent with myths and misinformation from the start of the HIV epidemic. Study findings support the need for sustained fundamental HIV/AIDS education and stigma reduction efforts in rural areas.
Poor Glycemic Control Is Associated With Lower Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Levels and Low Macrophage Viability in Chronic Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFUs)
Authors: Banerjee Tuhina , Rai Shailendra , Singh Aradhana , Goswami Aakansha Giri , Ansari Mumtaz Ahmed , Pratap Arvind , Basu Somprakas , Shukla Vijay Kumar
Published: July 2023

Low macrophage viability in chronic diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) may lead to inadequate interleukin (IL) expression and the persistence of infection. This study evaluates the association between macrophage function, IL-2 expression, and wound microflora in chronic DFUs. Diabetic patients with DFUs (group 1, n = 40) and without DFUs (group 2, n = 40) were compared for macrophage function in serum by viability testing. Immunological response was measured by serum IL-1β, IL-2β, and IL-10 levels. The aerobic and anaerobic microflora of the DFUs were assessed by culture and molecular methods. Demographic, clinical, and biochemical factors were statistically analyzed by χ2 test and Student t test. Multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) was used to detect the pattern of association between glycosylated hemoglobin (hemoglobin A1c), serum IL-2 levels, and macrophage viability. Of the total DFU cases, 22 (55%) showed the presence of polymicrobial microflora. Low macrophage viability with predominant Gram-negative flora was seen in 10 (25%) cases in group 1. Serum IL-2 levels were significantly lower ( P = .004) in patients in group 1 along with elevated levels of hemoglobin A1c ( P = .038). MCA showed an association between low viability of macrophages and lower IL-2 levels and elevated hemoglobin A1c levels with lower serum IL-2 levels. As compared to group 2, the low viability of macrophages was significantly associated ( P = .007) with lower IL-2 levels in group 1. Elevated hemoglobin A1c levels are strongly associated with lower IL-2 levels and low macrophage viability. This might be a contributing factor to the persistence of infections in chronic DFUs.
AI-nalyzing Mouse Behavior to Combat Epilepsy
Authors: Voskobiynyk Yuliya , Paz Jeanne T.
Published: July 2023

[Box: see text]
“Rec Sports Was So Good for Me”: How College Graduates Developed Marketable Skills as Recreational Sports Student Employees
Authors: Burnett Christopher A. , Taylor Z.W.
Published: July 2023

Although involvement in recreational sports has been found to be beneficial for college students, sparse research has explored how recreational sports student employment has benefitted college graduates who are now active in the professional workforce. Filling this critical gap, this study explored how former recreational sports student employees ( n = 10) developed marketable skills and increased their career readiness and professional capabilities. Findings suggest graduates did develop marketable skills that they regularly use as professionals, including interpersonal communication, teamwork and leadership, organization, and cross-cultural competency. Implications for research and recreational sports administration are addressed.
Projected health and economic outcomes of extending public funding of pharmacy services to include administration of Pneu23 and Td/Tdap immunizations by pharmacy practitioners in New Brunswick
Authors: Folkins Chris , Gorman-Asal Madeleine , Brewster Clark , Foster Rebecca , Gulliver Adrienne , Thomson Emily , Singh Paramdeep , Miah Pablo , Magalhaes Sandra , McDonald J. Ted
Published: July 2023

Background:

Although legislation permits New Brunswick pharmacy professionals to administer a wide range of immunizations, public funding for these services is currently limited to immunizations against influenza and COVID-19 and was recently extended to include pneumococcal immunization (Pneu23) in individuals aged 65 years or older. We used administrative data to project health and economic outcomes associated with the current Pneu23 program and with extension of public funding to include: 1) younger adults aged 19 years or older in the Pneu23 program, and 2) tetanus boosters (Td/Tdap).

Methods:

Two model scenarios were compared: a Physician-Only model in which physicians remain the only practitioners to administer publicly funded Pneu23 and Td/Tdap, and a Blended model in which this service is also provided by pharmacy professionals. Immunization rates by practitioner type were projected based on physician billing data accessed via the New Brunswick Institute for Research, Data and Training in conjunction with trends observed with influenza immunization by pharmacists. These projections were used along with published data to estimate health and economic outcomes under each model.

Results:

Public funding of Pneu23 (65+), Pneu23 (19+) and Td/Tdap (19+) administration by pharmacy professionals is projected to yield increased immunization rates and physician time savings compared with the Physician-Only model. Public funding of Pneu23 and Td/Tdap administration by pharmacy professionals in those aged ≥19 years would result in cost savings, owing primarily to productivity losses avoided in the working age population.

Discussion:

Increased immunization rates, physician time savings and cost savings may be realized if public funding were extended to include administration of Pneu23 in younger adults and Td/Tdap, by pharmacy practitioners.
A filter feature selection for high-dimensional data
Authors: Janane Fatima Zahra , Ouaderhman Tayeb , Chamlal Hasna
Published: July 2023

In a classification problem, before building a prediction model, it is very important to identify informative features rather than using tens or thousands which may penalize some learning methods and increase the risk of over-fitting. To overcome these problems, the best solution is to use feature selection. In this article, we propose a new filter method for feature selection, by combining the Relief filter algorithm and the multi-criteria decision-making method called TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution), we modeled the feature selection task as a multi-criteria decision problem. Exploiting the Relief methodology, a decision matrix is computed and delivered to Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution in order to rank the features. The proposed method ends up giving a ranking to the features from the best to the mediocre. To evaluate the performances of the suggested approach, a simulation study including a set of experiments and case studies was conducted on three synthetic dataset scenarios. Finally, the obtained results approve the effectiveness of our proposed filter to detect the best informative features.
Electronic health literacy and its association with lifestyle behavior among undergraduate students: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Shudayfat Tamadur , Hani Salam Bani , Shdaifat Emad , Al-Mugheed Khalid , Alsenany Samira Ahmed , Farghaly Abdelaliem Sally Mohammed
Published: July 2023

Background

This study aims to assess healthy lifestyle behaviors among undergraduate students and determine the association between electronic health literacy with lifestyle behavior among undergraduate Jordanian university students.

Methods

A descriptive cross-sectional design was used. The study recruited 404 participants utilizing undergraduate students from public and private universities. The e-Health literacy scale was used to assess the level of health information literacy among university students.

Results

Data were collected from 404 participants who reported very good health status, the majority of the participants were female 57.2% with an average age of 19.3 years. The results showed that participants had good health behavior in terms of exercise, taking breakfast, smoking status, and sleeping status. The results have shown an inadequate level of e-Health literacy 16.61 (SD = 4.10) out of 40. The vast majority of students, in terms of their attitudes toward the Internet, thought that Internet health information was very useful/useful (95.8%). Also, they thought that online health information was very important /important (97.3%). The results showed that students who were attending public universities had higher e-Health literacy scores rather than those who were attending private universities, t (402) = 1.81, p = .014. The mean e-Health literacy score for nonmedical students was higher than those for medical students ( p = .022).

Conclusion

The study's findings provide important insights into the health behaviors and electronic health literacy of undergraduate students in Jordanian universities, and offer valuable guidance for future health education programs and policies aimed at promoting healthy lifestyles in this population.
Enriching Middle School Students’ Learning Through Digital Storytelling: A Multimodal Analytical Framework
Authors: Kim (김덕순) Deoksoon , Park (박호룡) Ho-Ryong , Vorobel Oksana
Published: July 2023

Purpose

This study investigates middle school students’ learning experiences through digital storytelling, applying a multimodal analytical framework to uncover patterns in digital stories. This study explores how participants engage in pedagogical activities, reflect on their learning experiences, and articulate their voices through digital stories.

Design/Approach/Methods

Employing qualitative case study methods, we purposefully selected three 12-year-old female students at an urban school in the northern US. Analyses of digital stories and other data sources (interviews, classroom observations, and reflective journals) show that the students were engaged in both teaching and reflection.

Findings

The findings describe (1) participants and their learning experiences, (2) students’ representational and interpersonal constructs as used in their digital stories, and (3) their participation as teachers as well as learners.

Originality/Value

Our multimodal analytical framework illuminates how students express themselves through digital stories. Our discussion focuses on students’ learning, their identity development, the effectiveness of the analytical framework, and pedagogical implications.
The Paradox of Integration: Racial Composition of NFL Positions from 1960 to 2020
Authors: Marquez-Velarde Guadalupe , Grashow Rachel , Glass Christy , Blaschke Anne M. , Gillette Gary , Taylor Herman A. , Whittington Alicia J.
Published: July 2023

As highly visible organizations, professional sports teams provide a context to examine the reproduction of racial hierarchies over time. This study analyzes racial segregation/integration in the NFL between 1960 and 2020. Using data from 20,357 players, we examine the racial composition of positions in the field and how these patterns influence career length. Our analysis reveals three distinct patterns of segregation/integration over time: cumulative hyper-segregation in high-risk positions, durable segregation in high-prestige positions, and integration in hybrid positions. We consider the implications of these findings for theory and research on racialized organizations as well as for the lives of players.
Using information technology to integrate tobacco use treatment in routine oncology care: Lessons learned from the U.S. Cancer Center Cessation Initiative Cancer Centers
Authors: Bird Jennifer E. , Nguyen Claire VT , Hohl Sarah D. , D’Angelo Heather , Pauk Danielle , Adsit Robert T. , Fiore Michael , Minion Mara , McCarthy Danielle , Rolland Betsy
Published: July 2023

Background

Cancer patients who receive evidence-based tobacco-dependence treatment are more likely to quit and remain abstinent, but tobacco treatment programs (TTPs) are not consistently offered. In 2017, the U.S. National Cancer Institute, through the Cancer Moonshot, funded the Cancer Center Cessation Initiative (C3I). C3I supports 52 cancer centers to implement and expand evidence-based tobacco treatment in routine oncology care. Integration into routine care involves the use of health information technology (IT), including modifying electronic health records and clinical workflows. Here, we examine C3I cancer centers’ IT leadership involvement and experiences in tobacco-dependence treatment implementation.

Method

This qualitative study of C3I-funded cancer centers integrated data from online surveys and in-person, semistructured interviews with IT leaders. We calculated descriptive statistics of survey data and applied content analysis to interview transcripts.

Results

Themes regarding IT personnel included suggestions to involve IT early, communicate regularly, understand the roles and influence of the IT team, and match program design with IT funding and resources. Themes regarding electronic health record (EHR) modifications included beginning modifications early to account for long lead time to make changes, working with IT to identify and adapt existing EHR tools for TTP or designing tools that will support a desired workflow developed with end-users, and working with IT personnel to make sure TTPs comply with system and state policies (e.g., privacy laws).

Conclusions

The experiences of C3I cancer centers regarding the use of health IT to enhance tobacco-dependence treatment program implementation can guide cancer centers and community oncology practices to potentially enhance TTP implementation and patient outcomes.
Aporias of North/South political ecologies
Authors: Prieto Manuel , Valdivia Gabriela , Perreault Tom
Published: July 2023

In this intervention, we explore the impacts of geopolitical bifurcation on the field of political ecology, specifically the divide between political ecology from the Global North and political ecology from the Global South. We argue that this divide perpetuates categorical essentialisms, flattens authors’ standpoints, and reproduces inequities in how scholarship is valued and circulated based on where it is written from. These issues are not limited to political ecology alone but can be relevant to environmental geography as well. Through our analysis of the perpetuation of aporia in political ecology, we challenge the normalcy of this North/South differentiation and advocate for recognizing the agency and capacity of political ecology practitioners, regardless of their geographic location, language, or nationality, to shape the field. Drawing from our experiences as Latin Americanist political ecologists, we argue that transhemispheric and polylingual projects that challenge power dynamics, create inclusive research processes, and recognize colonial legacies are crucial for more equitable and just approaches to addressing environmental and social justice issues. Furthermore, we examine the coloniality of institutions and technologies that move environmental knowledge as a commodity, such as universities, indexed journals, publishing houses, and research funding criteria.
Bioinformatics for wet-lab scientists: practical application in sequencing analysis
Authors: Laub Vera , Devraj Kavi , Elias Lena , Schulte Dorothea
Published: July 2023

Background

Genomics data is available to the scientific community after publication of research projects and can be investigated for a multitude of research questions. However, in many cases deposited data is only assessed and used for the initial publication, resulting in valuable resources not being exploited to their full depth.

Main

A likely reason for this is that many wetlab-based researchers are not formally trained to apply bioinformatic tools and may therefore assume that they lack the necessary experience to do so themselves. In this article, we present a series of freely available, predominantly web-based platforms and bioinformatic tools that can be combined in analysis pipelines to interrogate different types of next-generation sequencing data. Additionally to the presented exemplary route, we also list a number of alternative tools that can be combined in a mix-and-match fashion. We place special emphasis on tools that can be followed and used correctly without extensive prior knowledge in programming. Such analysis pipelines can be applied to existing data downloaded from the public domain or be compared to the results of own experiments.

Conclusion

Integrating transcription factor binding to chromatin (ChIP-seq) with transcriptional output (RNA-seq) and chromatin accessibility (ATAC-seq) can not only assist to form a deeper understanding of the molecular interactions underlying transcriptional regulation but will also help establishing new hypotheses and pre-testing them in silico.
Frequency and risk factors for failed weaning from supplemental oxygen therapy after general anesthesia at a postanesthesia care unit: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Bang Yu Jeong , Park I Hyun , Jeong Heejoon
Published: July 2023

Background

Patients are administered supplemental oxygen upon emergence from general anesthesia against the risk of hypoxia. However, few studies have assessed the weaning from supplemental oxygen therapy. This study investigated the frequency and risk factors of failure to discontinue supplemental oxygen at a postanesthesia care unit (PACU).

Methods

This retrospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary hospital. We reviewed the medical records of adult patients admitted to the PACU after general anesthesia for elective surgery between January 2022 and November 2022. The primary endpoint was the frequency of failed weaning from supplemental oxygen therapy at PACU. A failed weaning was defined as oxygen saturation (SpO2) < 92% after discontinuing oxygen administration. The rate of failed discontinuation of supplemental oxygen at the PACU was assessed. Demographics, intraoperative, and postoperative factors were explored to determine potential associations with failed weaning from supplemental oxygen therapy using logistic regression analysis.

Results

We analyzed 12,109 patients. We identified 842 cases of failed weaning from supplemental oxygen therapy, with a frequency of 1:14 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1:15–1:13). Risk factors that showed the strongest associations with failed weaning included postoperative hypothermia (odds ratio [OR], 5.42; 95% CI, 4.40–6.68; P < 0.001), major abdominal surgery (OR, 4.04; 95% CI, 3.29–4.99; P < 0.001), and preoperative SpO2 < 92% in room air (OR, 3.15; 95% CI, 2.09–4.64; P < 0.001).

Conclusion

In the analysis of more than 12,000 general anesthetics, an overall risk of failed weaning from supplemental oxygen therapy of 1:14 was observed. The identified risk factors may help determine the discontinuation of supplemental oxygen administration at PACU.

Trial registration

Not applicable.