bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Неизвестный список «Логики» и «Метафизики» Афанасия Псалидаса в рукописи Феодосия Меласа (РГБ . Ф. 310. № 1360)
Authors:   Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Shchegoleva Lyudmila I.
Published: July 2024

This article deals with an unknown copy of a course on logic and metaphysics by an outstanding figure of the Greek Enlightenment, the writer and teacher Athanasios Psalidas. In this course, compiled in 1804 in Ioannina and preserved in an autograph and several later undated copies, Psalidas outlines the philosophical views of the German encyclopedic scholar Christian von Wolf, which he learned during his studies at the University of Vienna in 1787–1795. The earliest precisely dated copy of Psalidas’ work is preserved in the Russian State Library, F. 310 (collection of V. M. Undolsky), No. 1360. In our article, brief codicological information on the manuscript is provided as well as information on its composition and content. The manuscript contains a treatise on logic and the first three parts of metaphysics, namely ontology, cosmology, and psychology (without an ending). The end of the treatise on psychology and the final part of metaphysics — natural theology — are missing, although there is no lacuna or break in the text at the end. In the article, information is provided concerning the scribe and owner of the manuscript, Theodosios Melas, a representative of the rich and educated merchant family Melas from Ioannina, who lived in Russia for a period of time. Based on the study of the watermarks (Venetian-made paper), we conclude that the manuscript was written by Theodosios Melas before he moved to Russia, most likely in Ioannina. It is established that in 1816–1819 Melas lived in Moscow, where he acquired a certain number of educational publications in Greek. Information is provided about these publications, as well as about a second manuscript belonging to Theodosios Melas, acquired by V. M. Undolskii in 1863 and also preserved in the Russian State Library. The text of the newly discovered copy of Psalidas’ works is compared with Latin translations of treatises on logic and metaphysics by Christian von Wolf, as well as with their popular educational transcriptions compiled by Johann Heinrich Winkler and Friedrich Christian Baumeister. It is established that the direct source of the works of Athanasios Psalidas were textbooks on logic and metaphysics by Friedrich Christian Baumeister, frequently reprinted in the 18th century.
Estrategias didácticas utilizadas para la mediación pedagógica en entornos virtuales de aprendizaje: Percepción del estudiantado de la Práctica Profesional Preescolar de la UNED, Costa Rica
Authors: Hernández Herrera Nohemí
Published: July 2024

Los cambios suscitados por la crisis sanitaria de la COVID-19 originaron adaptaciones en la forma de mediar pedagógicamente, de modo que las personas estudiantes pudieran continuar desde la virtualidad. Es así como surge la inquietud de indagar si las estrategias didácticas utilizadas para la mediación pedagógica del proceso de Práctica Profesional Preescolar de la Universidad Estatal a Distancia (UNED) mediada desde la virtualidad facilitan vínculos pedagógicos. La investigación se desarrolló bajo un enfoque cualitativo, para obtener la información se aplicaron encuestas autoaplicadas y diarios de aprendizaje a la población estudiantil y docente de Práctica. Los resultados exponen que las estrategias utilizadas en este proceso formativo fomentan el vínculo pedagógico y están relacionadas con la forma de mediar, específicamente, con la intencionalidad del proceso de formación inicial en la Práctica; en ese sentido, el resultado más significativo evidencia que, en entornos donde se dan los vínculos pedagógicos, la persona docente ve al estudiante como un sujeto activo, propicia espacios para que encuentre su propia voz, para que haya trascendencia entre estudiantes y el objeto de aprendizaje; reconoce a la persona estudiante como sujeto en un contexto social y genera una relación basada en el respeto y el reconocimiento del otro.
Estimulación de la memoria y el recuerdo de información en personas adultas mayores a través del Aprendizaje Basado en Retos (ABR) en Educación Superior
Authors: Villarroel Henríquez Verónica , Castillo Rabanal Isidora , Santana Abásolo Javiera
Published: July 2024

El estudiantado universitario aspira a desarrollar habilidades prácticas que lo preparen para enfrentar los desafíos del mundo real. Estas expectativas confrontan a los enfoques pedagógicos tradicionales, impulsando a adoptar nuevos enfoques orientados al abordaje de problemas de la sociedad actual que demandan soluciones innovadoras. Dado lo anterior, se propuso, al estudiantado universitario, implementar una innovación educativa que buscaba el diseño de soluciones para la estimulación de la memoria y el recuerdo de información en personas adultas mayores. Esta innovación educativa aplicó la metodología del aprendizaje basado en retos y el proceso de design thinking. Las personas participantes fueron 20 estudiantes; 7 personas profesionales de la salud y 14 personas adultas mayores. Además, los instrumentos utilizados fueron entrevistas semiestructuradas y un cuestionario de evaluación de la innovación educativa. Los resultados mostraron una valoración positiva de la innovación educativa por parte del estudiantado participante y el logro del diseño de productos innovadores para potenciar la capacidad de memorización y recuerdo en personas adultas mayores. Por lo que se concluye que la innovación educativa fue una propuesta exitosa para que el estudiantado universitario se comprometa con su aprendizaje, desarrolle competencias relevantes para el mundo laboral y se sensibilice frente a problemáticas de la etapa de vejez.
Experiencias formativas en ingeniería basadas en metodologías activas: una revisión sistemática de la literatura
Authors: Seguel Arriagada Andres , Torres-Valderrama Sebastián , Jiménez-Pérez Laura
Published: July 2024

El plan de estudio de las carreras de ingeniería considera una formación en ciencias básicas y ciencias de la ingeniería. Por lo que este análisis aborda las investigaciones que implementan metodologías activas para la enseñanza de la ingeniería como construcción de una experiencia formativa. La información recolectada en las bases de datos Web of Science, Scopus y SciELO, bajo el modelo PRISMA de revisión sistemática de la literatura, analizó las metodologías activas, instrumentos de evaluación y su enfoque e impactos curriculares. Se obtuvo una muestra de 646 artículos, de los cuales, debido a la aplicación de criterios de inclusión y exclusión, fueron seleccionados únicamente 85. Las investigaciones se centran en asignaturas relacionadas a las ciencias de la ingeniería mediadas por aprendizaje cooperativo y aprendizaje basado en proyectos; además, se utilizan técnicas de recolección de datos basadas en cuestionarios y encuestas focalizadas en la experiencia de la innovación. Los impactos de las decisiones pedagógicas están centrados en el rendimiento académico y la adquisición de contenidos. En conclusión, la configuración que se establece entre el objeto de enseñanza y los sujetos es mediada por experiencias de aprendizaje en las que interactúan el currículum, la didáctica y la evaluación. Esto le permite al estudiantado mapear una experiencia formativa que apunta hacia la subjetivación, es decir, a reconstruir su visión del mundo tanto a nivel personal como profesional.
Retroalimentación en el marco de la producción escrita: Análisis sobre las percepciones de estudiantes en el contexto escolar chileno
Authors: Corvalán Alegría Pablo , Rivera Pinto Daniela , Olivares Reyes Carolina , Núñez-Valdés Karen
Published: July 2024

La retroalimentación es una instancia que permite al estudiantado reconocer no solo sus brechas de aprendizaje, sino también trabajar en ellas para alcanzar los resultados esperados. Dada su relevancia, este estudio aborda la carencia de retroalimentación efectiva en los procesos de escritura, en particular en el contexto escolar primario y secundario en Chile. El objetivo principal es analizar las percepciones de estudiantes de séptimo básico en la asignatura de Lengua y Literatura respecto a la retroalimentación, tras la implementación de una estrategia pedagógica. Se aplicó una encuesta pre y pos intervención a 23 estudiantes de un colegio chileno, y se analizaron datos cuantitativos y cualitativos. Los resultados evidenciaron cambios significativos en la percepción de estudiantes sobre el sentido de la retroalimentación, su potencial reflexivo y la participación incentivada. Estos hallazgos respaldan la necesidad de incorporar estrategias de retroalimentación efectiva en entornos escolares, integrándolas a las planificaciones de aula y desarrollando actividades concretas que propicien su implementación en el salón de clase.
Conundrum and Considerations in Cognitive Diagnostic Assessment for Language Proficiency Evaluation
Authors: Mohd Noh Muhamad Firdaus
Published: July 2024

Since its first appearance in the field of language testing, cognitive diagnostic assessment (CDA) has attracted attention for its ability to extract the intricacies of students' cognitive abilities. However limited research has discussed the issues in the implementation of CDA. Therefore, this article offers an overview of CDA's implementation in language proficiency evaluation. The article also engages in a comprehensive discussion on the conundrum and considerations within CDA, particularly the ongoing debate between distinct classifications of cognitive diagnostic models. It elaborates on the distinctions between the models and their implications for assessment depth and diagnostic insights. Additionally, this article delves into the clash between retrofitting existing items and developing new diagnostic items, highlighting the strategic considerations in each approach. Apart from that, the contentious issue of validating Q-matrices, crucial in CDA, is thoroughly examined, presenting the battle between expert-based and empirical validation methods. The persistent challenges in CDA have profound implications for both theoretical frameworks and practical applications. The theoretical debate not only influences our understanding of cognitive processes but also shapes the conceptualization of diagnostic information extraction. In practical terms, decisions regarding item development, retrofitting strategies, and Q-matrix validation methods directly impact the effectiveness of CDA in providing targeted interventions and personalized learning strategies in real-world educational contexts. Future research directions are also presented, emphasizing the need for more development of entirely new diagnostic items, hybrid CDMs, and adaptive cognitive diagnostic assessments. Practical recommendations are provided for practitioners, encouraging a strategic approach based on specific assessment goals.
A Study on Teacher Practice Experience of Restorative Life Education as an Educational Approach to School Conflict and School Violence Issues
Authors: Ha Kyeong-Nam , Kang Ju-Ri , Wi Mi-Na , Kim Kyung-Mi ,   Regional Entrepreneurship Education Research Center
Published: July 2024

Purpose: This study sought to find out through the experiences of teachers how ‘restorative life education’, which aims to restore the school community to create a peaceful and healthy community in situations of school violence and school conflict, is being implemented. Method: In this study, interviews were conducted with nine research participants about the experiences teachers had while practicing restorative life education. Results: Through the practice of restorative life education, teachers were increasing members' sensitivity to large and small conflicts occurring within the school community and their will for peaceful resolution. In addition, not only students but also parents and teachers found this experience to be educationally meaningful. Conclusion: In order for restorative life education to become established in schools, it is necessary to cultivate camaraderie among all school community members and build financial and human infrastructure and systems.
Effects of a Reality Therapy-based Classroom Counseling Training Program Using Visualization Materials on Elementary School Teachers’ Life Guidance Efficacy and Teacher-student Communication
Authors: Jo Yoo-Jeong , Yoo Soon-Hwa , Chung Ae-Ree ,   Regional Entrepreneurship Education Research Center
Published: July 2024

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to examine the effect of a classroom counseling training program based on reality therapy counseling using visualization data on the efficacy of life guidance and teacher-student communication of elementary school teachers. Method: Teachers from 4 B elementary schools were divided into an experimental group and a control group of 12 people each, and a total of 10 sessions of 60~90 minutes per session were conducted. The pre-post-follow-up tests of the experimental group and the control group were analyzed by repeated measurement ANOVA, and satisfaction and impression analysis were performed. Results: The experimental group showed improved life guidance efficacy and teacher-student communication compared to the control group. Conclusion: The classroom counseling training program contributed to strengthening teachers' competencies in communicating, educating, and guiding elementary school students through the improvement of life guidance efficacy and teacher-student communication.
Development and Validation of Core Competency Scale for Busan Dahaengbok B Middle School
Authors: Kim Hyunji , Lee Suji ,   Regional Entrepreneurship Education Research Center
Published: July 2024

Purpose: This study aims to develop and validate a self-rating scale to measure core competencies for Busan Dahaengbok B middle school. Specifically, this study developed an instrument for core competencies: curiosity, self-affirmation, caring, cooperation, gratitude, and challenge. Method: We derived core competencies’ definition based on literature review, how students understand their meaning and developed sub-components and items. Content validity of the developed items was conducted with B school teachers and educational experts. We conducted two surveys, a preliminary survey and a main survey. The final instrument was developed through descriptive statistical analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, and reliability analysis. Results: As a result, a total of 6 core competencies and 27 questions were ultimately developed. Conclusion: This scale can be employed as an indicator to confirm the educational growth of B middle school students and further as a useful tool for developing core competencies of innovative schools.
«Det var som en espresso» – erfaringer med undervisning i bevegelse i høyere utdanning
Authors: Bauer Karen
Published: July 2024

Studenter på universiteter sitter stille store deler av dagen, og forskning indikerer at langvarig stillesitting kan ha negative konsekvenser for helsa. Flere studier antyder at selv korte bevegelsespauser kan virke helsefremmende. Prosjektet som presenteres her, hadde som hensikt å prøve ut og å evaluere i hvilken grad den klassiske undervisningsformen, hvor studenter sitter, delvis kan erstattes med en variant hvor deltakere får mulighet til å bevege seg. Studien ble gjennomført med lærerstudenter ved et norsk universitet, som dermed fikk muligheten til å delta i et forsknings- og utviklingsprosjekt som har det overordnede målet å videreutvikle universitetspedagogikken. Prosjektet har således et tosidig formål ved å inkludere et helse- og læringsperspektiv. Artikkelen gir innsikt i studentenes erfaringer med undervisning med innlagte bevegelsessekvenser. Samtidig presenteres underviserens observasjoner og refleksjoner om prosjektet. Funnene indikerer at det er mulig å gjennomføre en del av undervisningen i bevegelse uten tap av undervisningstid, og dette kan bidra til å redusere studentenes stillesitting. Studentene foretrekker seminarer med lett fysisk aktivitet over vanlig undervisning og ønsker å videreføre denne metoden i sin undervisningspraksis. Bidraget viser hvordan forskning på egen praksis kan bidra til videreutvikling av lærerutdanningen og universitetspedagogikken generelt.
English abstract
“It was Like an Espresso” – Experiences with Integrating Movement into Teaching in Higher Education
University students spend long periods of time sitting still, which can have negative health effects. Several studies suggest that even short breaks can promote health. The purpose of the presented project was to test and evaluate teaching forms in which students have more opportunities to move, as compared to traditional lectures where students mainly sit still. The study was conducted with teacher students at a Norwegian university, giving them the opportunity to participate in a research and development project with the overarching aim of developing university teaching. The project thus has a dual purpose by including both a health and a learning perspective.
På besök i svenska förskolerektorers kontroversiella rum
Authors: Rantala Anna , Ahlström Björn , Leo Ulf , Poromaa Isling Pär , Larsson Magnus
Published: July 2024

Fokus för denna studie är svenska förskolerektorers kontroversiella frågor, ett hittills obeforskat område. Syftet är att synliggöra några av de kontroversiella frågor som rektorer i förskolor hanterar i sin vardag med ambitionen att öka kunskapen om förskolerektorers ledarskap. Studien har en explorativ ansats och den teoretiska utgångspunkten grundas i begreppet dilemmatiska rum vilket vidareutvecklats till kontroversiella rum i artikeln. Vi menar att kontroversiella frågor är konstruerade i en specifik social kontext vilket påverkar hur rektorer positionerar sig. I analysen synliggörs hur de kontroversiella rummen är konstituerade. Resultatet grundas i sju semistrukturerade intervjuer. I resultatet synliggörs hur rektorerna behöver navigera i tre olika kontroversiella rum i relation till lojalitet, ledning och värden. Rektorers kontroversiella rum kan ses som ett uttryck för en utmanande position som kräver att man måste ta hänsyn till många intressen i sitt ledarskap. Att dessutom göra det i en verksamhet som präglats av en stark egalitär kultur gör själva ledarskapet till en utmaning. I denna kontext riskerar många ledarhandlingar upplevas som kontroversiella även om det är en naturlig del av att vara rektor.
Le leadership numerique au Maroc, implications pour le developpement Africain : Les defis et les opportunites des nouvelles formes de travail au Maroc
Authors: LOUBARIS Rania ,   Université Mohammed V Rabat - Maroc, El Haddad Mohamed Yassine ,   Université Mohammed V Rabat - Maroc
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the impact of digital leadership on business performance in Morocco, surveying 58 leading companies in the key economic cities of Rabat, Salé, Casablanca, and Tanger. Selected for their pioneering role in digital adoption, these cities represent the country's sectoral diversity, providing a comprehensive view of digital leadership dynamics. Based on a 90% response rate, correlation techniques were applied to analyze data collected through a detailed questionnaire distributed electronically. The findings emphasize the critical role of integrating digital technologies into leadership strategies to enhance business competitiveness.
Effectiveness of Nigrospora sp. and Penicillium sp. As Entomopathogenic Fungi Against in Bactrocera sp.
Authors: Oktariana Putri , Rosa Emantis , Setiawan Wawan Abdullah , Nurcahyani Nuning
Published: July 2024

Pest attacks caused by fruit flies (Bactrocera sp.) can cause damage to fruit quality. Damage can become more severe due to secondary infection by bacteria or fungi which can cause fruit to rot. This research was conducted to determine the effectiveness                            and     morphological    changes caused by the fungus Nigrospora sp. and Penicillium sp. on the mortality of Bactrocera sp. This research was conducted using a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two factors: the type of entomopathogenic fungi and the density of spores. Entomopathogenic fungi isolates were obtained from the isolation of entomopathogenic fungi from fruit flies (Bactrocera sp.) from previous studies. The spore density used for each fungus was 105, 106, and 107 spores/mL. Each treatment unit used 5 Bactrocera sp. adults with 3 repetitions. In the isolates of Nigrospora sp. they have resulted in mortality at a spore density of 105 spores/mL of 86%, a density of 106 spores/mL of 93%, and a density of 107 spores/mL of 100%. In the isolates of Penicillium sp. all treatments resulted in 100% mortality.
Review: The Use of Eco-Enzymes in Greywater Treatment
Authors: Khotimah Siti Nurul , Ginting Simparmin Br , Arifaini Nur , Mardhotillah Nur Anisa , Puligadda Lohit Khrisna Pranav
Published: July 2024

Water pollution such as in rivers has become a concern due to its impact on health and the decreasing availability of clean water. There is a common assumption that industrial pollution is the main cause of water pollution. However, an interesting fact is that river pollution is largely dominated by contamination from household wastewater (domestic waste) discharged directly into drainage systems and ending up in rivers without prior treatment. Such cases are particularly prevalent in developing countries. Therefore, the challenge is to find solutions to treat domestic wastewater using simpler and cheaper technologies. Current research is focused on treating domestic wastewater especially greywater with eco-enzymes. Eco-enzymes are enzymes produced from the fermentation process of organic materials such as fruit peels or vegetable scraps for a minimum of three months. This paper will review the treatment of greywater using eco-enzymes, including the eco-enzyme production process, its characteristics, greywater characteristics, the methods employed, and the research findings. Finally, the paper will recommend possible avenues for further research related to the treatment of greywater using eco-enzymes
On Association of Code Change Types and CI Build Failures in Software Repositories
Authors: Shimmi Samiha , Rahimi Mona
Published: July 2024

The software development process heavily relies on building systems, which are prone to frequent failures, particularly in continuous integration (CI) environments. In this study, we investigated the impact of major change types, both individually and collectively, on CI build failure rates. Specifically, we compared the contribution of changes stemming from different underlying reasons, such as functional requirement additions, bug fixes, enhancements, and dependency removals. Preliminary results revealed that adding new functionalities had a lower impact on CI failures compared to maintenance changes. Furthermore, we analyzed the characteristics of the ultimate changes to identify common features among the change types that contributed to failures. Subsequently, utilizing these identified features, we developed a mathematical model to predict failures based on the characteristics of the triggering change type. The trained model demonstrated a commendable performance, accurately identifying potential failure-inducing changes in the dataset, with a recall of 78% and precision of 53%. This research sheds light on the relationship between change types and CI build failures, highlighting the significance of maintenance changes in driving failures. The identification of common features among failure- contributing change types aids in understanding failure patterns and supports the development of preventive measures. The predictive model offers a practical tool for early detection and mitigation of potential failures, contributing to improved software development processes and the adoption of effective CI practices.
WILLIAMS-BEUREN SYNDROME AND COMBINED PATHOLOGY IN MONOCHORIAL TWINS (LITERATURE REVIEW AND CLINICAL CASE)
Authors: Lastivka I. , Antsupova V. , Babintseva A. , Yurkiv O. , Sheiko L. , Brisevac L.
Published: July 2024

The widespread introduction of molecular genetic research methods into health care practice has made it possible to diagnose rare microdeletion syndromes in patients with multiple congenital malformations.. Aim of the study is to present the results of a literature search and demonstrate a clinical observation of Williams- Beuren syndrome in 10-month-old monochorionic twins with congenital malformations of the cardiovascular system in combination with kidney pathology and an additional spleen. Results. Williams- Beuren syndrome (WBS) is a rare congenital disorder characterized by specifi c craniofacial dysmorphisms (elphic face) and a hoarse voice in combination with cardiovascular damage, mental retardation, musculoskeletal disorders, and hypercalcemia. WBS occurs in the population with a frequency of 1:7,500-1000 infants. The presence of a specifi c phenotype is associated with a hemizygous microdeletion of the long arm of chromosome 7 at region 7q11.23. The size of the deletion varies from 1.5 to 1.8 Mb and results in the loss of several neighboring genes. The diagnosis is made syndromologically and confi rmed by modern molecular cytogenetic methods. Pathologically signifi cant WBS mutations include loss of the ELN gene and loss of neighboring genes such as LIMK1, RFC2, BAZ1B, GTF2I, STX1A, CLIP2, GTF2IRD, NCF.Haploinsuffi ciency of ELN gene is the main marker of WBS and causes insuffi cient synthesis of elastin protein, which leads to development of pathology of heart and blood vessels (elastin arteriopathy), disorders of connective apparatus of joints, abnormalities of vocal cords and skin. LIMK1 hemizygosity is associated with impaired visual- spatial constructive cognition. Deletion of the RFC2 gene can cause growth retardation and developmental delay. Reduced intelligence can be caused by a mutation of the GTF2I gene and hypercalcemia by a mutation of the BAZ1B gene. The phenotypic manifestations of WBS arealso thought to be infl uenced by the reduced expression of fl anking intact genes. The diagnosis, treatment, and adjustment of patients with WBS require an interdisciplinary team of specialists. The presented clinical case demonstrates multisystem pathology in 10-month-old monochorionic dizygotic twins in whom Williams- Beuren syndrome was clinically diagnosed and confi rmed by FISH: ish del (7)(q11.23q11.23)(ELN-). Conclusion. To confi rm the genetic component in congenital multisystem pathology, it is necessary to use modern molecular genetic diagnostic methods. Determination of genetic mutation, its size and origin is important for medical genetic counseling. Early confi rmation of the WBS allows to make an individual prognosis of the child’s life and development, as well as to determine in time the optimal methods of treatment and adaptation, and to advise the parents in planning the next birth of children in the family.
CASE HISTORY OF METACHROMATIC LEUKODYSTROPHY OF 5 YEAR OLD CHILD
Authors: Boiarska L. , Redko I.
Published: July 2024

Leukodystrophy is a group of genetic neurodegenerative diseases affecting mainly the white matter of the brain. Spread ofleukodystrophies in the world is 1:40-100 thousand, however, these diseases have fatal consequences for life, serious predictions forhealth and social adaptation. Among all forms of leukodystrophies, metachromatic leukodystrophy attracts the attention of specialists.It is a rare hereditary disease from the group of lysosomal storage diseases with autosomal recessive inheritance mechanism of lipidmetabolism disorders. It is caused by a mutation in the ARSA gene, the absence or defi ciency of which leads to impaired degradationof lipids – sulfates, which results in accumulation of a metachromatic lipid substance in the nervous system (myelin, neurons, glia),leading to diff use demyelination.This article describes the case history of a 5-year-old child with metachromatic leukodystrophy. The boy was born at term. Pregnancyand delivery were without any abnormalities. The family heredity is not burdened. During the fi rst year of life the child’s physical andpsychomotor development corresponded to the age. The onset of the disease was noticed at the age of 1 year and 2 months during thefi rst visit to the neurologist, when the parents complained about gait disturbances when the child tried to walk, frequent falls, muscularhypotension with postural disturbances. In the second year of his life, the child was treated in the neurology department with the diagnosisof cerebral spastic paraparesis. Due to the ineff ective treatment, the child was referred to the National Specialized Children’s Hospitalof the Ministry of Health of Ukraine «OKHMATDYT» for examination, where he was diagnosed with metachromatic leukodystrophy,late infantile form МРТ on the basis of medical- genetic tests and MRI of the brain.In the past medical history, since the age of 2 years the child’s nutritional status has signifi cantly deteriorated – impairment of chewing and swallowing functions, and since the age of 4 years the child has been prescribed nutrition through a feeding tube. Taking into account the fact that at the age of 5 years the child suff ered from protein- energy defi ciency of the ІІІ stage (total weight was 9800 g), the doctor calculated the daily energy and protein intake with the use of therapeutic high-protein and high-energy mixture, due to which the child gained weight (he gained 7 kg in 6 months). In the course of time, at the age of 5 years, epilepsy with generalized seizures was diagnosed for the fi rst time and anticonvulsant therapy was prescribed and showed positive dynamics. The doctors discussed the need for palliative care for children with this pathology and psychological support for families, involving an interdisciplinary team of specialists (neurologists, psychologists, rehabilitation therapists).
SOME POTENTIAL PREREQUISITES FOR THE FORMATION OF THE GUT MICROBIOTA IN PREMATURE BABIES: PART II
Authors: Znamenska T. , Vorobiova O.
Published: July 2024

Abnormal microbial colonization of the gut from birth in newborns aff ects growth, development, and health, leading to short- and long-term adverse eff ects. The microbiota of preterm infants diff ers from that of term infants. This is because preterm infants and their mothers have more complicated prenatal and postnatal health conditions and anatomically- functional immaturity of organs and systems depending on gestational age. Maternal conditions, antibiotics, type of feeding, and use of probiotics can signifi cantly aff ect the gut microbiota of preterm infants in the early neonatal period; however, these eff ects decrease with age. Although some factors and processes are diffi cult to intervene or avoid, understanding the potential factors and determinants will help to develop timely strategies to promote a healthy gut microbiota in preterm infants. This review discusses potential determinants of gut microbial colonization in preterm infants, the underlying mechanisms, and recommendations for addressing adverse eff ects.
PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI WARDITEM UNTUK MENDUKUNG DIGITALISASI PEMASARAN PRODUK IKM DI DESA SIJERUK
Authors: Daryono Daryono , Sutikno Arif , Widhoyoko Yudhistiro Pandu
Published: July 2024

Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah (1) Mengembangkan aplikasi WARDITEM (WArung Digital TErintegrasi Marketplace) penjualan secara online yang sesuaikan dengan kebutuhan pasar dan karakteristik pelaku IKM kerupuk petis di Desa Sijeruk yang sebelumnya penjualan dilakukan secara konvensional. (2) Mengimplementasikan dan menguji aplikasi Warditem sebagai platform Digital untuk penjualan secara online produk IKM Desa Sijeruk secara efektif. Peneliti menggunakan Metode Penelian Research dan Development(R&D) Bassil, yaitu model Waterfall yang terdiri dari Analisis Kebutuhan (Requirements),Perancangan (Design),Implementation),Pengujian(Testing),Pengiriman (Deployment), Pemeliharaan (Maintenance).Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode berupa Wawancara, Survei, observasi, Studi Literatur, Analisis Data Sekunder Dengan validasi kelayakan oleh ahli media, ahli Aplikasi,dan Pemilik usaha IKM di Desa Sijeruk. Penelitian ini menghasilkan (1)Aplikasi berbasis Web Penjualan produk IKM yaitu kerupuk petis secara online Dari  hasil  pengujian  kelayakan  yang  dilakukan  sistem  dapat dioperasikan dengan baik dan sesuai dengan keperluan dan fungsinya. (2) Kelayakan Aplikasi Warditem penjualan secara online  berbasis  web  menurut penilaian para ahli media mendapatkan persentase kelayakan sebesare 87% dengan kategori sangat layak,oleh ahli Aplikasi  mendapatkan persentase kelayakan sebesar89% dengan kategoril sangat layak,serta penilaian kelayakan oleh pemilik uasaha IKM kerupuk petis mendapatkan nilai persentase kelayakan sebesar 90 % dengan kategori sangat layak.
Evaluating the GPS Coordinates of Far Target by Using Laser Range Finder
Authors:   Cihan University-Erbil, A. Mohammed Abdulrazak , S. Almashhadani Yazen ,   Cihan University-Erbil, A. QasMarrogy Ghassan ,   Cihan University-Erbil
Published: July 2024

The GPS coordinates of a far target obtained using a laser range finder that gives the precise geographical location of a distant object or point of interest determined through the use of a laser-based device and combining this information with the device's orientation and positioning data to calculate the exact latitude, longitude, and elevation coordinates of the target. This paper presents a study on the evaluation of GPS coordinates of far targets using a laser range finder. The research focuses on the accuracy and reliability of GPS coordinates obtained through the use of laser range finders in various environmental conditions. The methodology involves comparing the GPS coordinates obtained through traditional methods with those acquired using a laser range finder. The results of this study provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of laser range finders in determining the GPS coordinates of distant targets, highlighting their potential applications in fields such as surveying, geolocation, and navigation.
Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Pemilik Dan Penghuni Apartemen Atas Kenaikan IPL Secara Sepihak Oleh Pengelola
Authors: Gunawan Ricky Wijaya
Published: July 2024

Apartment or condominium is one of many solutions for residence availability on today’s problem of population density and limited land. According to Act Number 20 of 2011 on Condominium,  condominium management is done by the development actors before the Association of Owners and Tenants of Condominium Units (later stated as PPPSRS) is created. The owners and tenants of condominium units have obligation to pay monthly maintenance fees to condominium manager for upkeep and maintenance of condominium. Condominium manager has obligation to manage the monthly maintenance fees with the implementation of principle of transparancy. In the case of Apartment X which is located in Surabaya, the condominium manager (PT Y) raised the monthly maintenance fees without the principle of transparancy to the owners and tenants of Apartment X. PT Y’s decision of raised the monthly maintenance fees without the principle of transparancy is an act of tort, according to Indonesian Civil Law (KUHPerdata). The owners and tenants of Apartment X had lodge a protest and tried to mediate with PT Y about the raise of monthly maintenance fees but failed. The owners and tenants of Apartment X have the rights to get legal protection and legal guarantee due the act of tort of PT Y.
CATECHISMS AT THE MUKACHEVO EPARCHY PARISHES IN THE 18TH CENTURY
Authors: Tupytsia Mykhailo
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the spread of catechisms that were in use in the parishes of the Mukachevo eparchy in the 18th century. Catechisms were used to spread the central «truths of faith» in the confessional era in Europe. Several catechetical publications are known in the book culture of the Mukachevo Eparchy of the 18th century. Chief among them as of the first half of the 18th century were the catechisms of Joseph de Camelis and George Gennadius Bizantsius. In addition to these catechisms, the visitation data also mentions the catechism of Laszlo Barany. Each edition reflects a particular model of confessional disciplining and is an element of a broader program of formation of confessional identity by the higher hierarchy. Previous studies on the history of the Mukachevo Eparchy did not pay attention to the importance of catechetical issues for religious communities. Researchers have paid little attention to the distribution of catechisms, although some works analyse the content and sources of their texts. Central studies are devoted to the catechisms of Joseph de Camelis and Laszlo Barany. Meanwhile, the Catechism of George Gennadius Bizantsius has mainly been ignored in historiography. To characterise the spread of catechisms on the territory of the Mukachevo Eparchy, visitation protocols, some acts and epistolary sources were analysed. Special attention is focused on identifying entries in visitation protocols. The entries "casus", "casisticum", "liber casisticum", and the like are preserved in large numbers in the visitation protocols. These entries illustrate the folk name "casus" in relation to the catechism of Lev Kyshka and George Gennadius Bizantsius, which were used on both sides of the Carpathian Mountains. The main content features of each catechism are briefly described. During the study, I managed to process the surviving copies of the Bizantsius and de Camelis catechisms. This article briefly describes the key content features of each catechism. Additionally, the article presents, for the first time, the distribution of George Gennadius Byzantius' catechism in the parishes. This edition's distribution enables us to affirm the obligation to adopt the resolutions of the Zamość Council in the territory of the Mukachevo eparchy.
KING WENCESLAS IV OF LUXEMBOURG'S REGULATION OF RELATIONS WITH GERMAN PRINCE AND IMPERIAL CITIES IN 1379 – 1389
Authors: Kushtan Nataliia
Published: July 2024

The article highlights the issue of the regulation of relations with German princes and imperial cities by Wenceslas IV Luxemburg in 1379 – 1389. The topicality of the work lies in the lack of coverage and growing public interest in King Wenceslas IV and the key events of the specified period and region. In the Czech historical science of the 20th century, the activities of the king are considered mainly against the background of the Hussite revolutionary movement, and his figure remains in the shadow of the person of Jan Hus. The Holy Roman Empire was a motley conglomerate of cities and territorial possessions over which the power of the monarch only formally existed, where alliances were concluded with the aim of preserving peace and defence of trade relations, reducing levies and pledges. At first, Wenceslaus IV tried to introduce a system of agreements (landfrids) and establish ties with imperial cities at the regional level. The article also examines the issue of papal dual power, which Wenceslas IV decided to discuss at the imperial meeting, and the reasons for its postponement and transfer from Nuremberg to Frankfurt am Main. Due to various circumstances (such as ecclesiastical schism), the king was forced to seek an understanding with the electors and, thus, distance himself from solving the issue of cities. However, the princes themselves did not want to strengthen the central government, and the city treated the monarch's proposals with distrust because of his relations with the electors. Wenceslas IV's efforts were in vain. In 1388, the so-called urban warfare burst out. During the hostilities, the princes defeated the main forces of the Swabian and Rhine unions. The king took advantage of their defeat, and at the imperial meeting in Eger, a decision was made to ban urban associations. In the empire, a universal land freedom was declared, and the growth of social and political influence of cities was stopped for a long time. The collection of "Acts of the German Reichstag", which is one of the most detailed publications of documents on the history of the Holy Roman Empire of the Middle Ages, was used as a source.
PREPARATION AND ADOPTION OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL LAW ON THE CZECHOSLOVAK FEDERATION OF 1968
Authors: Shnitser Ihor
Published: July 2024

The article highlights the process of preparation and adoption of the Constitutional Law on the Czechoslovak Federation of October 27, 1968, and provides an analysis of its content. This Law was the result of the process of federalization of Czechoslovakia, which began during the "Prague Spring" of 1968 and was intended to rebuild Czech-Slovak relations according to the principle of "equal to equal" and in this way to solve the Slovak question in the state. The lower chronological limit of the article (September 1968) is dictated by the beginning of the "normalization" policy, which, except for the federalization process, was characterized by the gradual collapse of democratic transformations in Czechoslovakia in the first half of 1968. The upper chronological limit is determined by the adoption of the Constitutional Law by the National Assembly on October 27, 1968, on the Czechoslovak Federation. The methodological basis of the proposed article is the principles of historicism and objectivity. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the analysis of the Constitutional Law of 1968 through the prism of the Slovak question in Czechoslovakia, which was formed after the refusal of the Prague authorities from the Košice government program of 1945. The Constitutional Law of 1968 was the result of a compromise reached by representatives of the Czech and Slovak peoples. According to the law, the basis of the federation was a voluntary union of equal national states of Czechs and Slovaks based on the right of self-determination. The development of the Czechoslovak Federation was influenced by internal and external factors. The author attributes the removal of democratically-minded communists from power in Czechoslovakia, the lack of reforms in the Communist Party of Ukraine, and the gradual restoration of totalitarian methods of control and management of society to the internal factors of influence. The external factor was the preservation of the influence of the USSR on internal political processes in Czechoslovakia. As a result, federalization without true democratization remained an empty form without any content in Czechoslovakia. Certain provisions of the Constitutional Law of 1968 were never implemented until the victory of the "Velvet Revolution" in 1989. This gives grounds for asserting that the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic did not acquire the characteristics of a federation, and the Slovak Republic acquired the attributes of a subject of a socialist federation. In the opinion of the author, the Constitutional Law on the Federation of 1968 did not solve the Slovak question in Czechoslovakia, but only for some time removed the acuteness of this problem in the state. According to the natural right of self-determination, the Slovaks retained the right to create their own national state.
FORCED MOBILISATION STRATEGY IN THE IMPERIAL DOCTRINE OF RUSSIA: PRESENT AND HISTORICAL ASPECT
Authors: Cherlenyak Ivan , Radchenko Nataliia
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the article is to investigate the causes and consequences of the use of forced mobilisation in the territories occupied by the Russian authorities in the current Russian-Ukrainian war as a modernisation of the imperial expansion strategies of both the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union. The author examines the experience of forced mobilisation in the republics and autonomous regions of the Federation, as well as in the quasi-state formations of South Ossetia, the Republic of Abkhazia, the Transnistria Moldavian Republic, the LPR and the DPR. The research methods in the article were selected in accordance with the purpose and were based on the principle of historicism. They are presented by the general scientific method of analysis and the historical and comparative method. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the analysis of the issue of forced mobilisation of peoples enslaved by Russia in the form of two blocks, the first one – regarding mobilisation on the territory of the Federation itself, the second – regarding mobilisation in the self-proclaimed unrecognised republics (in fact, in the territories occupied in the course of a hybrid or purely armed war). As we can see, the Russian Federation is carrying out both internal expansion-occupation and external expansion and occupation. The combination of these types of expansion is the practice of using the «human material» of fully or partially «occupied» (conquered) peoples to conquer others. By using the tactic of forced military mobilisation, Russia solves several problems at once: 1) «free» formation of resources of its own armed forces; 2) mutual extermination of enslaved peoples as a result of «clashes» with each other on the field; 3) coercion to participate in war crimes or tarnishing the population by participating in a war against for their people (for Ukrainians in the ranks of the Russian armed forces), which assure forced support of Kremlin policy by these people; 4) for Ukrainians who were forced to participate in illegal armed formations of Russia, this simultaneously becomes a «point of no return» to normal life in Ukraine.
Exploring Solanum species for resistance to root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita)
Authors: Holajjer Prasanna , M Latha , K Pradheep , Pandravada S R , N Sivaraj , Kodaru Anitha
Published: July 2024

Sixty-six accessions including 11 Solanum species and eight accessions intermediate between S. melongena and S. insanum were screened against root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, for identification of sources of resistance. Accession of S. insanum (IC316278) and the intermediate between S. melongena and S. insanum accession (IC253952) were found to be moderately resistant (RKI: 3, 11-30 galls per root system) in initial screening, and were found susceptible when these were exposed to M. incoginta for a period of 90 days. However, accession of S. torvum was found to be resistant, as it consistently recorded less number of galls and egg masses after 45 days (7.0 galls and 4.6 egg masses per root system) and 90 days (8.4 galls and 6.6 egg masses per root system) post-inoculation of M. incognita. Thus, it can be concluded that S. torvum accession, IC618029, is a valuable source of resistance to M. incognita which can be used in nematode resistance breeding programme and as a rootstock particularly in brinjal and tomato to lessen nematode damage.
Bioactivity of Kipahit Flower Extract Tithonia Diversifolia on Mortality and Eating Behavior of Larvae Crocidolomia Pavonana
Authors: Pertiwi Fitri Dewi , Syahputra Edy , Ramadhan Tris Haris
Published: July 2024

Using of synthetic insecticides to control the C. pavonana pest could have negative impacts. As an alternative control, using plant extracts is relatively safer in controlling these pests. This research aims to study the bioactivity flower of kipahit T. diversifolia extract on mortality and feeding behavior of C. pavonana larvae. Extraction was carried out using the maceration method using methanol. Bioassay for insecticidal activity was carried out using the residual method on the leaves against larvae II. Feeding on treated leaves was carried out for 48 hours. the antifeedant assayed for 24 hours of exposure to instar III. The concentration - mortality relationship was analyzed using probit analysis. Data on development time are expressed as the average value ± standard deviation. The results showed that the activity of kipahit flower extract had an LC50 of 0.51% and an LC95 of 3.86%. These extract with choicw method at the sub lethal dose tested inhibit the feeding activity by 24.90%, 53.96%, 76.34% respectively, while the no choice method inhibits feeding activity by 27.20%, 59.69% 86.40%, respectively.