bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TEACHING WRITING RECOUNT TEXT BY USING A TOPICAL APPROACH TO THE EIGHTH-GRADE STUDENTS’ STATE OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL NUMBER 42 OF PALEMBANG
Authors: Cindy Maharani  , Mulyadi  , Herlina
Published: December 2024

This research evaluates the effectiveness of a topical approach in teaching recount text writing to eighth-grade students at State of Junior High School number 42 of Palembang. Employing a quantitative pre-experimental design, the study sampled 34 students who underwent pre-tests and post-tests to measure their writing abilities. The findings indicated a significant improvement in the students' writing skills after using the topical approach. The average pre-test score was 52.5, with scores ranging from 31 to 68.5. After the intervention, the average post-test score increased to 75.7, with a range from 53 to 92.5. The t-test analysis revealed a t-obtained value of 13.31, surpassing the critical value of 1.692, leading to the rejection of the null hypothesis and acceptance of the alternative hypothesis. During the pre-test, students struggled with idea generation and grammatical accuracy. Post-intervention results showed that students became more adept at generating ideas, using correct grammar, narrating experiences, and expanding their vocabulary. Thus, the topical approach proved effective in enhancing recount text writing skills among the eighth grade State of Junior High School Number 42 of Palembang.
INDOGLISH USED BY MOBILE LEGENDS PLAYERS ON INSTAGRAM
Authors: Dina Fitri Dwi , Tahrun  , Ana Theriana
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the use of Indoglish a mix of Indonesian and English  as a sociolinguistic phenomenon among Mobile Legends players on a social media with around 56% Indonesian population are using named Instagram. Involves the integration of Indonesian linguistic elements with English vocabulary through qualitative methods: observations, interviews and documentation. The formation likely English nouns and adjectives with Indonesian prefixes (di-, nge-, se-) and suffixes (-nya, -an).  Prominent Indoglish phrases like "partyan," "matchmakingnya," "ditroll/ngetroll," "ngebug," "ngepush," "ngerank," "systemnya," "segame," "skillnya," "ngelag," "gamenya," and "ngestuck" are found and examined based on informants also players’ feedback. The results demonstrate that gamers often use Indoglish phrases on Instagram and in game, demonstrating how skilledly they can use these terms. Gamers believe that Mobile Legends is a useful tool for improving their English in a variety of settings, supporting Indoglish since it is useful and accepting of its contribution to improving their relationships with other players.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE ROLE PLAY METHOD IN TEACHING ENGLISH SPEAKING SKILL TO THE TENTH GRADE STUDENTS AT SMA NEGERI 4 PALEMBANG
Authors: Riska Tri Putri  , Djunaidi  , Etty Pratiwi
Published: December 2024

This research aimed to assess the impact of the Role-play method in teaching English speaking skill to tenth-grade students at SMA Negeri 4 Palembang. The research method was  used  a pre-test and post-test one-group design. The population and sample were consist of 292 students from all tenth-grade classes. The researcher selected one class, namely class ten F, consisting of 32 students, After several learning sessions using the role-play method, students were given a post-test to assess the improvement in their speaking skill. The test was used an oral test. The pre-test and post-test assessments were conducted by two raters to ensure the objectivity of the results. The collected data were analyzed using the paired t-test hypothesis testing technique. The inter-rater reliability results for the pre-test were 0.95, indicating that the test was reliable. The inter-rater reliability results for the post-test were 0.99, and the paired t-test calculation result was 24.032. The analysis results showed a significant influence in students speaking skills after the implementation of the Role-play method, as indicated by the significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores. This research concluded that the role-play method was effective in improving the English speaking skills of tenth-grade students at SMA Negeri 4 Palembang.
DIRECTING FROM A DISTANCE: THE TRANSFORMATIVE ROLE OF TEACHERS AS REMOTE THEATRE DIRECTORS IN ONLINE EDUCATION
Authors: Umar  , Pujiastuti Eka
Published: December 2024

The article explores the metaphor of teachers as remote theatre directors in online education, examining how this analogy illuminates the complex roles of educators in virtual classrooms. It highlights how teachers, like directors, creatively orchestrate lessons and manage student engagement through innovative strategies. By analysing this metaphor, the article sheds light on the adaptive methods educators use to navigate online teaching challenges and enhance the overall learning experience in digital environments. The research utilized qualitative methods, including semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and observations, to explore the metaphor of teachers as remote theatre directors. Key findings revealed that educators creatively adapt traditional methods using multimedia tools and interactive strategies to engage students in virtual settings. The study highlighted challenges such as maintaining connection and addressing technological disparities. The implications suggest that adopting innovative teaching strategies and improving technological support can significantly enhance online education effectiveness and student outcomes.
BALANCING SCHOOL DURATION AND HEALTH: IMPACTS ON STUDENTS' WELL-BEING AND POLICY INSIGHTS
Authors: Talib Burhanuddin
Published: December 2024

The length of school hours has a significant impact on students' physical and mental health, raising concerns about balancing academic demands with well-being. In countries like Indonesia, long school hours often lead to issues like fatigue, stress, and poor nutrition. Conversely, countries with shorter school days, such as Finland, show better health outcomes. This study aims to explore the relationship between school hours and student health, providing evidence-based recommendations for education policy reform. Its innovative approach compares different cultural and educational contexts, including Indonesia, to highlight region-specific effects. Using qualitative methods, the research involved interviews, observations, and document analysis, gathering data from students, parents, and teachers. Findings suggest that longer school hours negatively affect physical activity, sleep, and overall well-being, while shorter hours and later start times improve mental health and academic engagement. Indonesia’s Karja Sezi program demonstrates the effectiveness of policies, like regulated meals, in reducing health risks. This study contributes to discussions on education and health, offering actionable insights for policymakers to create balanced school schedules that support both academic success and student well-being.
Time and memory
Authors: Balaban P. M. , Borodinova A. A.
Published: December 2024

In this review, based on our own and literature data, the temporal course of long-term memory formation, the duration of consolidation and reconsolidation processes, the temporal parameters of the interaction of glial and neuronal elements of the neural network, and possible mechanisms of neuro-glial interactions are analyzed. Based on the analysis, an assumption was made that allows us to explain the duration of the period of consolidation and reconsolidation of long-term memory (4–6 hours) by the need for the contribution of glia to the local epigenetic regulation of plasticity gene expression in the neurons of the memory engram.
Fundamental research and practical application of GDNF as a neuroprotective agent in neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Shamadykova D. V. , Pavlova G. V.
Published: December 2024

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is under extensive investigation as a therapeutic agent for treating age-related neurodegenerative diseases and traumatic neuronal injury. The compelling results from preclinical studies contrast with the disappointing outcomes of phase II clinical trials in Parkinson’s disease, highlighting the need for further fundamental research. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain these discrepancies, including challenges with the delivery of high molecular weight drugs, GDNF’s high affinity for heparin and heparin-like molecules, which limits its biodistribution in the brain parenchyma, the use of protein forms differing from the native GDNF, and the existence of multiple isoforms of the protein. These issues underscore the necessity for further investigation into GDNF at the genetic, RNA, and protein levels. This review aims to consolidate the latest data on GDNF, address the challenges identified, and explore its potential for therapeutic application in human neurodegenerative diseases.
Attentional biases in emotional Stroop test in girls with vegetative dysfunction of varying severity
Authors: Mikhailova E. S. , Kushnir A. B. , Gerasimenko N. Yu.
Published: December 2024

In a group of 49 young girls, the Stroop emotional task was used to study the effect of irrelevant information on attention bias and cognitive control of attention, depending on the severity of autonomic dysfunction (severe, moderate, absence). The subjects performed the task of identifying facial expressions of anger, fear and disgust, which was difficult by superimposing on the faces of words – names of emotions, congruent or incongruent to the presented facial expression. The results showed that autonomic dysfunction worsens attention control, makes it difficult to suppress irrelevant verbal information, and leads to an attention bias, quantified by the Stroop effect value. The most pronounced Stroop effect was found in the group of young girls with severe autonomic dysfunction. Among the negative emotions used in the work, disgust turned out to be the most effective for identifying the relationship between autonomic dysfunction and attention bias.
Long-term social isolation impairs learning in a two-way active avoidance task in female rats
Authors: Krupina N. A. , Khlebnikova N. N.
Published: December 2024

In socially living species, including humans, social contacts’ deficit provokes chronic stress development, leading to disorders in the psychoemotional sphere, cognitive impairment, etc. Previously, we showed that spatial memory and passive avoidance impairments in rats exposed to months-long social isolation (SI) from an early age are more pronounced in females compared to males. There is lack research on females. This study aimed to evaluate learning in the two-way avoidance paradigm using the conditioned active avoidance reflex (CAAR) test and to assess skill retention in female rats exposed to SI, which started after the pups were taken from their dams and lasted for up to ten months. After 6.5 months of SI, rats were trained in the CAAR test when their anxiety level and grooming expression were lower than in rats housed in groups. Rats exposed to SI performed fewer avoidance but more escape responses and were less likely to achieve the learning criterion. In isolated rats compared to control rats, the escape latency was heightened, and the maximum number of avoidance reactions in a row was less after 24 hours after training. After 2 months after training, no differences in CAAR retention were revealed between rats kept in different housing conditions. After 10 months of SI, rat blood serum corticosterone levels were lower than in rats in the control group. The findings show worse learning and skill retention one day following training in the CAAR test in rats under the influence of long-term SI.
“Object permanence” test for rats. First experiments
Authors: Korolev A. G. , Ogourtsov P. D. , Inozemtsev A. N. , Poletaeva I. I.
Published: December 2024

The description of the developed experimental set, permitting to evaluate rats solution of the “object permanence” test (be J. Piaget), which reflects animal capacity to operate one of the most simple empirical rules (by Krushinsky), i.e. capacity to solve elementary logic task. An animal, being placed in the brightly lit part of the box, is eager to run into the dark one via underpass, although after the first attempts the underpass was hidden by several means, and now an animal can solve the task overcoming the obstacle in case it operates the object permanence rule. The test solution does not require the previous learning, and it is similar to the test used in mice experiments. The test was applied in experiments with rats of five genetic groups – outbred Wistar and Long-Evans rats, rats of inbred audiogenic-prone Krushinsky – Molodkina (KM) strain, the strain derived from KM rats, selected for audiogenic non-proneness and inbred SHR strain with spontaneous arterial hypertension. The preliminary experiments (performed with an animal during one experimental day) revealed interstrain differences with the test solution prevalence in SHR strain. This test could be used in pharmacological and neurophysiological experiments with rats.
Категорія «соборність України» як фрактал
Authors: Монолатій Іван
Published: December 2024

Автор обґрунтовує тезу, що фрактальним проявом є також категорія «соборність». Її фрактальна природа, по-перше, розширює специфіку цієї умоглядної ідеї української нації, по-друге, дає можливість виділити, структурувати певні націотворчі коди як систему очікувань, які функціонують в українському «соборницькому» просторі. Запропоноване бачення, що властивости фракталів як об’єктивного процесу змінюються у межах від чіткої регулярности до хаосу, категорія «соборність» як фрактал демонструє, з одного боку, межову «зону хаосу» (бездержавність) і, по-друге, формування «порядку з хаосу» (національну державність). Категорія «соборність» у її інституційно-структурному вимірі на Галичині у середині ХІХ – першій половині ХХ ст. загалом може відповідати трикутнику Серпінського. З огляду на самоподібність інституцій української соборності у ХІХ – ХХ ст., варто зважити на килим Серпінського, який більшою мірою відповідає фрактальному виміру досліджуваного явища. Українська соборність трактується взаємно-однозначним і неперервним відображенням (з погляду теорії килима Серпінського), а тому її структури топологічно невідмінні (Головна Руська Рада 1848 р. у Львові, Головна Українська Рада 1914 р. у Львові, Українська Національна Рада 1918 р. у Львові, Українська Національна Рада 1941–1942 рр. у Львові, Українська Національна Рада у Києві 1941 р., Українська Національна Рада 1948–1992 рр. у системі державного центру УНР в екзилі). Категорія «соборність» у її фрактальній розмірності почасти є ілюстрацією теорії Н. Н. Талеба про антикрихкість.
Arabic Language Learning Design ARCS Model (Attention, Relevance, Confidence, and Satisfaction) John Keller's Perspective
Authors: Octaria Fevi , Erlina Erlina
Published: December 2024

The lack of student motivation in learning Arabic is something that needs to be found a solution. This is due to the need to create passionate and enjoyable learning. This research aims to 1). describe the nature of ARCS-based learning design in Arabic subjects, 2). Describe the syntax of the ARCS model in Arabic language learning. This research uses a qualitative approach to the type of library research with analytical descriptive methods. The findings of this research are 1) Arabic language learning design John Keller's ARCS model (Attention, Relevance, Confidence, and Satisfaction) is a motivation-based learning model based on a humanistic approach and behavioristic learning theory. The ARCS model is a model that does not stand alone but is implemented in integrated learning with other methods. 2) The learning syntax in the Attention model is how a teacher attempts to attract students' attention and maintain that attention and create curiosity. The learning syntax in the Relevance model is how a teacher attempts to adapt Arabic lesson material to students' daily lives. The learning syntax in the Confidence model is how a teacher attempts to create students' self-confidence in learning Arabic. Meanwhile, the learning syntax in the Saticfaction model is how the teacher attempts to provide rewards and reinforcement to create a sense of satisfaction for students in learning Arabic.
Analisis Perilaku Pencegahan Eklampsia pada Ibu Hamil dengan Hipertensi
Authors: Ginting Antonius , Sihaloho Endang , Ristiani Ristiani , Sinulingga Yeni Friska , Rizki Hudeni
Published: December 2024

Eklampsia adalah komplikasi serius yang sering terjadi pada ibu hamil dengan hipertensi dan merupakan penyebab utama kematian ibu dan bayi di seluruh dunia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perilaku pencegahan eklampsia pada ibu hamil dengan hipertensi, terutama mengenai pemahaman dan penerapan pola hidup sehat. Metode penelitian kualitatif digunakan dengan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi terhadap dua informan yang mengalami hipertensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa informan pertama mengalami kurangnya informasi dari tenaga kesehatan, menyebabkan ketergantungan pada sumber informasi yang tidak selalu dapat diandalkan, sedangkan informan kedua menunjukkan inisiatif lebih besar dalam mencari informasi dari berbagai sumber. Meskipun ada kesadaran akan pentingnya nutrisi dan pola hidup sehat, tantangan dalam penerapannya tetap ada. Temuan ini menegaskan perlunya intervensi pendidikan yang komprehensif dan dukungan berkelanjutan dari tenaga kesehatan untuk meningkatkan perilaku pencegahan eklampsia di kalangan ibu hamil. Penelitian ini memberikan rekomendasi untuk pendekatan holistik dalam mendukung ibu hamil agar dapat menerapkan pola hidup sehat secara konsisten, yang diharapkan dapat mengurangi risiko eklampsia dan komplikasi terkait.
Digital identity in the context of digital memory
Authors:   Saratov National Research State University, Artamonov Denis S.
Published: December 2024

The article considers the possibilities of socio-philosophical interpretation of digital identity in the context of approaches to the study of digital memory. The immersion of a person in-to the digital environment inevitably changes the ways of constructing his or her identity; however, the dependence of self-identification on ideas about the past of the community persists. Collective memory de-termines a person's identity in the same way as his or her individual memories. Digital identity is not only digital traces left by a per-son, representing recorded and digitized memories, but also digitalized social memory. Today,
researchers are talking about the emergence of digital memory, by which they understand the mechanism of constructing, storing and reproducing collective ideas about the past with the help of digital technologies and so-cial media. Digital identity depends on the context of digital memory, since the for-mation of a person's image, including a net-work one, is determined by his or her memo-ries. In the digital environment, memory is constructed at the intersection of personal and public, and is influenced by the infor-mation technologies and machine algorithms. Digital technologies contribute to the conver-gence of individual memories and collective ideas about the past, which becomes the basis for the formation of digital identity
On the place of the “digital mythological” in contemporary digital studies
Authors:   South Ural State University, Rezvushkina Sofia A.
Published: December 2024

In this article, the author problematises the phenomenon of digital identity and questions the basis for its formation. The use of the paradigm analysis method makes it possible to see that one of the most obvious ways of constructing identity is the relation to the mythological stratum. The author also demonstrates that the construction of identity in the current postmodern paradigm is characterised by two strategies of using the mythological, conventionally conceptualised as “archaic” and “Barthesian. The author puts forward the hypothesis that the construction of digital identity is carried out through the “Barthesian” strategy, and gives arguments to support this assumption. The author concludes that there is a lacuna of the “digital mythological” that needs a more detailed philosophical and culturological reflection in the present social-humanitarian approach to the study of digital.
Holistic person – living person: eco-humanistic interpretation
Authors:   National Research South Ural State University, Solomko Dmitry V.
Published: December 2024

The article focuses on the problem of preserving and active reproduction of a living principle in a person, its integrity and openness to the world in the context of the growing informatization, net digitalization and the widespread technologization of the human world. The author attempts to answer the intricate question raised by R. Penner on the boundaries between the identities of a “living particular person” and “agents that do not have human nature”. He suggests using the eco-humanistic approach as a paradigmatic installation of the theoretical and practical activity of modern humans, associated with the search for the optimal options for coordinating various aspects of their lives: natural and cultural, anthropological and technical, lively and inanimate. Based on the principle of integrity (priority of the whole in relation to parts), this approach seems effective in solving the problem of digital diffraction of a person, his or her “scattering” in various forms of “cry” through various network platforms (YouTube, Tiktok, etc.).
The ontological turn in the age of epidemics
Authors:   Belarusian National Technical University, Matsevich Maryia J.
Published: December 2024

The research deals with the process of influ-ence of the key tendencies of modern philos-ophy and natural sciences on the formation of the problem field and the methodological strategy of the new ontology. The scientific novelty of these theses consists in philosoph-ical analysis of functioning of new ontology in the aspects of the influence of its methodo-logical tools on the process of cognition which suggests the need to exceed the bounds of traditional philosophical trends. This involves analysis of the status of concepts and method of new ontology, its interrelationschip with other sciences, and exploration of dialectics of the contents and the form in culture, in the process of informatization. In this research such an aspect of the problem has been developed and studied that allowed to localize and significantly determine it. On the one hand, this is conductive to consideration of new ontology as being the special way to reflect the objective reality. On the other hand, the sphere of realization of it is based not up-on scientific knowledge as a whole or its sepa-rate elements, but on demonstration of the diversity of methodological functions in the development of the categorical and concep-tual order of different sciences, analysis of praxeological functions and capability to re-flect the world outlook. Ontology as a funda-mental and representative basis of philosophy demonstrates both its continuity and innovative character, which makes it possible to view the modern ontological turn as a heuristically significant event in terms of the ultimate universal material and cosmic activity.
EFEK PEMBERIAN PUDING KERSEN JAHE MERAH TERHADAP KADAR ASAM URAT PENDERITA HIPERURISEMIA DI PUSKESMAS KENTEN
Authors: Uswah Miftah Chairisyah , Rotua Manuntun , Eliza
Published: December 2024

Hiperurisemia adalah terjadinya peningkatan kadar asam urat dalam darah melebihi batas normal, yaitu pada laki-laki lebih dari 7,0 mg/dl dan pada perempuan 6,0 mg/dl. Salah satu pengobatan non farmakologi yang dapat diberikan kepada penderita hiperurisemia adalah dengan cara pemberian puding kersen jahe merah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian puding kersen jahe merah terhadap penurunan kadar asam urat pada penderita hiperurisemia. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi eksperiment dengan rancangan pretest and postest with control group. Sampel pada penelitian ini dipilih secara simple random sampling. Jumlah sampel kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok pembanding masing-masing 34 responden. Analisis data menggunakan paired sample t-test dan independent sample t-test dengan selisih nilai rata-rata kadar asam urat kelompok perlakuan 1,5 mg/dl (p-value = 0,000) dan kelompok pembanding 0,7 mg/dl (p-value = 0,000). Hasil independent sample t-test didapatkan p-value = 0,000. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh pemberian puding kersen jahe merah terhadap penurunan kadar asam urat pada pasien hiperurisemia dengan perbedaan selisih rata-rata kadar asam urat kelompok perlakuan lebih tinggi daripada kelompok pembanding. Ada pengaruh pemberian puding kersen jahe merah terhadap kadar asam urat penderita hiperurisemia di Puskesmas Kenten.
DAYA TERIMA SOKU COOKIES
Authors: Lestari Retno Sri , Amir Aswita
Published: December 2024

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) merupakan salah satu penyakit metabolik yang paling umum di dunia, ditandai oleh hiperglikemia kronis akibat gangguan pada sekresi insulin, aksi insulin, atau keduanya. Soku Cookies adalah salah satu alternatif makanan selingan untuk pasien DM yang terbuat dari tepung sorgum dan kuit buah naga. Tujuan Khusus penelitian ini adalah mengetahui daya terima panelis terhadap Soku Cookies dari aspek warna, tekstur, aroma dan rasa. Jenis penelitian pra eksperimen dengan desain one shot group design. Daya terima dinilai dengan uji organoleptik pada 100 panelis konsumen dan 25 panelis agak terlatih. Hasil uji daya terima terhadap warna (ρ=0,305), tekstur (ρ=0,180), aroma (ρ=0,166) dan rasa (ρ=0,626) yang berarti tidak ada perbedaan nyata perlakuan (F1, F2, dan F3) terhadap cookies dengan substitusi tepung sorgum dan tepung kulit buah naga. Berdasarkan hasil perankingan dengan menggunakan metode perbandingan eksponensial, formula yang paling disukai adalah F2 (70%:30%). Disarankan dalam pembuatan Soku Cookies selanjutnya agar dapat meneliti zat gizi khususnya yang berpengaruh terhadap kadar gula darah pasien DM.
Kata kunci: Tepung Kulit Buah Naga, Tepung Sorgum,  Soku Cookies
VISUALISASI DATA E-PPGBM MENGGUNAKAN GOOGLE DATA STUDIO
Authors: Manjilala  , Ipa Agustian
Published: December 2024

Aplikasi Elektronik-Pencatatan dan Pelaporan Gizi Berbasis Masyarakat (e-PPGBM) adalah aplikasi berbasis web yang dikembangkan oleh Kementerian Kesehatan RI untuk memudahkan pemantauan status gizi balita hingga tingkat Posyandu. Namun, aplikasi ini belum menyediakan alat bantu analisis untuk petugas gizi dalam memantau tren masalah gizi dari waktu ke waktu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan dashboard interaktif berbasis Google Data Studio yang mampu memvisualisasikan data hasil analisis e-PPGBM. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan target luaran berupa dashboard visualisasi data. Sasaran penelitian adalah Petugas Gizi Puskesmas di Kabupaten Maros yang telah menginput data e-PPGBM minimal 90% dari target sasaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa data e-PPGBM terdiri dari tiga komponen utama: pemantauan pertumbuhan, tatalaksana masalah gizi, dan laporan gizi. Fokus penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan visualisasi untuk data pemantauan pertumbuhan balita, khususnya laporan status gizi balita. Proses pembuatan dashboard meliputi persiapan data, integrasi data, desain dashboard, penambahan interaktivitas, serta publikasi. Dashboard ini dapat meningkatkan efisiensi analisis dan pemantauan tren status gizi balita di tingkat puskesmas.
GAMBARAN KESESUAIAN STANDAR PORSI MAKANAN BIASA MENU MAKAN SIANG PASIEN KELAS I DI RUMAH SAKIT ISLAM FAISAL KOTA MAKASSAR
Authors: Rauf Suriani , Kartini B Thresia Dewi , Isqara Putri Andi Diin , Asikin Hijrah
Published: December 2024

Penyusunan standar makanan adalah kegiatan menyandingkan dana, kondisi kesehatan dan latar belakang sosial budaya pasien dalam menyusun kecukupan gizi. Standar makanan rumah sakit diperlukan sebagai alat adminstrasi untuk merancang jenis dan jumlah kebutuhan makanan pasien perhari. Kesesuaian standar porsi makanan di rumah sakit berdasarkan penelitian terdahulu dan yang berkaitan menunjukkan adanya ketidaksesuaian dalam pemorsian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kesesuaian standar porsi makanan biasa menu makan siang pasien kelas I di Rumah Sakit Islam Faisal Kota Makassar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 5 pasien perhari selama 10 hari pelaksanaan mengikuti satu siklus menu. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer yang diperoleh dengan metode penimbangan makanan (food weighing) secara langsung yaitu makan siang pasien dan data sekunder yaitu standar porsi RSI Faisal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa standar porsi yang tidak sesuai yaitu makanan pokok hanya 87,70%, lauk hewani 94,14%, sayur 89,58% dan buah 87,38% sedangkan yang sesuai dengan standar porsi yaitu lauk nabati 97,6%. Kesimpulan penelitian ini  adalah kesesuaian standar porsi makanan pokok pada menu makan siang pasien kelas I di Rumah Sakit Islam Faisal Kota Makassar dikategorikan tidak sesuai dengan standar porsi yang telah ditetapkan. Disarankan agar Pemorsian makanan pokok di instalasi gizi di RSI Faisal Makassar menggunakan URT yang ukurannya telah distandarkan sesuai dengan rata-rata kebutuhan pasien pada umumnya, sehingga belum memenuhi standar porsi rumah sakit.
PERAN KONSELING GIZI DALAM MENINGKATKAN PENGETAHUAN DAN ASUPAN GIZI IBU HAMIL KEKURANGAN ENERGI KRONIK (KEK)
Authors: Juliastuti Dika , Hendrayati  , Mustamin  , Suaib Fatmawaty , Sukmawati
Published: December 2024

Kekurangan Energi Kronik (KEK) merupakan salah satu masalah gizi yang terjadi pada ibu hamil di Indonesia dengan prevalensi sebesar 8,4% sedangkan target World Health Organization adalah <5%. KEK pada ibu hamil disebabkan oleh adanya defisiensi zat gizi akibat kurangnya asupan energi dan zat gizi. Salah satu penyebab asupan yang rendah adalah pengetahuan gizi yang kurang   sehingga  menyebabkan sikap dan perilaku ibu terhadap gizi tidak benar, dengan demikian perlu dilakukan pendekatan melalui Komunikasi, Informasi dan Edukasi (KIE) misalnya pemberian konseling gizi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak pemberian konseling gizi terhadap pengetahuan dan asupan gizi ibu hamil dengan kekurangan energi kronis (KEK). Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah pre experimental dengan rancangan one group pre-post test design. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2022 – Mei 2023 di Puskesmas Paccerakkang Kota Makassar. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 25 orang ibu hamil KEK yang ditetapkan secara purposive sampling. Pelaksanaan intervensi dilakukan empat kali selama dua minggu. Analisis data menggunakan Uji paired t-test dependen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh pemberian konseling gizi terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan ibu hamil KEK dengan p = 0.001 < 0.05 dan tidak terdapat pengaruh pada peningkatan asupan energi (p = 0.179), protein (p = 0.070), lemak (p = 0.197) dan karbohidrat (p = 0.326) ibu hamil KEK. Implementasi konseling gizi dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu hamil KEK namun belum mampu meningkatkan  asupan energi dan zat gizi makro hingga terpenuhinya kebutuhan gizi.
PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN GIZI DAN UANG SAKU TERHADAP KONSUMSI JAJANAN ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI 274 BONTOSUNGGU KABUPATEN BULUKUMBA
Authors: Sunarto  , Chaerunimmah  , Fitri Ramadani Rezki
Published: December 2024

Konsumsi Makanan Jajanan merupakan salah satu alternatif dalam memenuhi kebutuhan gizi anak sekolah. Umumnya, semakin besar uang saku anak sekolah, maka akan semakin besar kemampuan membeli makanan dan mendorong konsumsi berlebih. Jumlah uang saku yang lebih besar membuat anak sering mengonsumsi makanan jajanan yang mereka sukai tanpa menghiraukan kandungan gizinya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menilai pengetahuan gizi, menentukan besaran jumlah uang saku, menentukan konsumsi makanan jajanan, dan menganalisis pengaruh pengetahuan gizi dan uang saku terhadap konsumsi makanan jajanan pada anak sekolah dasar. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu desain penelitian kuantitatif bersifat deskriptik analitik untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengetahuan gizi dan besarnya uang saku terhadap konsumsi makanan jajanan Anak Sekolah Dasar yang dilakukan dengan desain Cross Sectional. Populasi siswa SD kelas IV, V, VI. Besar sampel sebanyak 57. Pengetahuan gizi dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner, Status gizi diketahui melalui nilai IMT/U Konsumsi jajanan diketahui melalui wawancara food recall, uang saku diketahui dengan cara wawancara. Uji statistik dengan Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian diketahui Status gizi normal (75,4%), Pengetahuan gizi pada umumnya baik (68,9%), Uang saku lebih (50,9%), Konsumsi energi jajanan kategori cukup (43,9%), Konsumsi protein jajanan kategori cukup (86,0%). Analisis statistik dinyatakan tidak ada pengaruh pengetahuan gizi dengan konsumsi energi jajanan P=0,363 dan  protein jajanan P=0,209. Tidak ada pengaruh uang saku dengan konsumsi energi jajanan P=0,171dan protein jajanan P=0,138. Kesimpulan diketahui tidak ada pengaruh pengetahuan gizi dan uang saku terhadap konsumsi jajanan anak Sekolah Dasar Negeri 274 Bontosunggu Kabupaten Bulukumba. Disarankan bagi siswa-siswi dapat mengetahui segala bentuk jajanan yang sehat dan bergizi.
TINGKAT PENDIDIKAN ORANG TUA, POLA PENGASUHAN DAN SANITASI LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP KEJADIAN WASTING PADA BALITA
Authors: Sulistiani Anggun Dwi , Riski Sefrina Linda , Elvandari Milliyantri
Published: December 2024

Wasting merupakan kondisi yang perlu diperhatikan karena dapat menghambat pertumbuhan dan perkembangan balita. UNICEF 2021 melaporkan sebanyak 45 juta atau 6,7% anak berusia di bawah 5 tahun menderita wasting. Dibandingkan dengan balita yang tidak kekurangan gizi, balita yang kekurangan gizi memiliki risiko lebih besar untuk meninggal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat pendidikan, pola pengasuhan, dan sanitasi lingkungan dengan kejadian wasting pada balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Ciampel Kabupaten Karawang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik dengan desain penelitian cross-sectional. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji Spearmen. Hasil uji statistik diperoleh pendidikan ayah dengan nilai p-value sebesar 0.023 dan pendidikan ibu dengan nilai p value sebesar 0.005 (p-value < 0,05). Pada pola pengasuhan diperoleh nilai p-value sebesar 0.005 (p-value< 0.05). Sedangkan pada sanitasi lingkungan diperoleh nilai p-value sebesar 0.042 (p-value < 0.05), yang artinya terdapat hubungan antara tingkat pendidikan, pola pengasuhan, dan sanitasi lingkungan dengan kejadian wasting pada balita di Puskesmas Ciampel.
KORELASI PERILAKU HIDUP BERSIH DAN SEHAT DENGAN STATUS GIZI SISWA SDN TELUKJAMBE II
Authors: Agiesna  , Sefrina Linda Riski , Elvandari Milliyantri
Published: December 2024

Anak-anak sekolah bertanggung jawab atas peningkatan kualitas sumber daya manusia di masa depan, salah satu hal yang harus diperhatikan adalah perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat dalam struktur sekolah. Anak-anak harus dididik untuk menjalani gaya hidup yang bersih dan sehat sejak kecil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki bagaimana status gizi siswa sekolah dasar kelas IV di SDN Telukjambe II berkorelasi dengan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS). Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui pendekatan analitik observasional cross-sectional. Sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu siswa dan siswi kelas IV berjumlah 31 siswa. Sampel dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji Spearman sebagai analisis statistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mayoritas siswa kelas IV SDN Telukjambe II memiliki status gizi baik dengan perilaku hidup bersih sehat termasuk ke dalam kategori baik. Namun, hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara status gizi siswa kelas IV SDN Telukjambe II dengan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat. Hal tersebut ditunjukkan dengan nilai p-value sebesar 0,411. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah tidak terdapat hubungan antara Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) dengan Status Gizi siswa kelas IV SDN Telukjambe II.
TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN IBU TERKAIT GIZI DAN POLA PEMBERIAN MAKAN DENGAN GIZI KURANG PADA BALITA USIA 6-59 BULAN DI DESA PAKUAN AJI KABUPATEN LAMPUNG TIMUR
Authors: Sefty Ananda Dwi , Khairani Masayu Dian , Abdullah  , Muharramah Alifiyanti
Published: December 2024

Masalah Gizi kurang (wasted) merupakan suatu keadaan kurang gizi yang disebabkan oleh konsumsi gizi yang tidak cukup. Gizi Kurang pada balita disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor diantaranya adalah faktor langsung   dan faktor tidak langsung. Faktor langsung yang dapat mempengaruhi adalah adanya penyakit infeksi dan asupan makanan, sedangkan faktor tidak langsung yang mempengaruhi gizi kurang pada balita adalah ketahanan pangan di dalam keluarga, pola asuh, sanitasi lingkungan, akses terhadap pelayanan kesehatan, umur anak, jenis kelamin anak, tempat tinggal, pendidikan, dan pekerjaan orang tua. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan ibu terkait gizi dan pola pemberian makan dengan gizi kurang pada balita usia 6-59 bulan di Desa Pakuan Aji Kabupaten Lampung Timur. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian adalah balita usia 6-59 bulan sebanyak 88 balita. Teknik yang digunakan dalam pemilihan subyek menggunakan teknik Purposive Sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner dan pengukuran antropometri (berat badan dan Panjang/tinggi badan). Analisa data menggunakan uji Chi square. Hasil penelitian diketahui distribusi frekuensi gizi kurang di Desa Pakuan Aji sebanyak 70,5% dan frekuensi gizi baik 29,5%. Tingkat pengetahuan ibu yang kurang sebanyak 44,3% dan tingkat pengetahuan ibu yang baik sebanyak 18,2%. Pola Pemberian makan yang kurang sebanyak 43,2% dan pola pemberian makan yang baik sebanyak 23,9%. Hasil analisis terdapat hubungan tingkat pengetahuan ibu terkait gizi p- value 0,000 (p <0,05) dan pola pemberian makan ibu p-value 0,002 (p <0,05) dengan gizi kurang di Desa Pakuan Aji Kabupaten Lampung Timur. Kontribusi penelitian ini adalah memberikan bukti empiris bahwa peningkatan pengetahuan ibu terkait gizi dan perbaikan pola pemberian makan dapat menjadi intervensi kunci dalam mengatasi masalah gizi kurang pada balita di Indonesia. Temuan ini relevan untuk mendukung kebijakan pemerintah dan program intervensi berbasis masyarakat, terutama di daerah pedesaan, dalam upaya menurunkan prevalensi gizi kurang secara nasional.
Pengaruh Pengetahuan Kesehatan Gigi Mulut sebagai Faktor Predisposisi Kejadian Karies pada anak usia Sekolah Dasar di UPTD SD Negeri 74 Kabupaten Barru
Authors: Sitanaya Rini , Irayani Yunus Surya , Lesmana Hans , Ramdania
Published: December 2024

Masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut di Indonesia menjadi salah satu keluhan utama, terutama karies gigi yang paling banyak diderita masyarat baik orang dewasa maupun anak-anak.Tingginya angka penderita karies tidak terlepas dari masih kurangnya pengetahuan tentang penyebab dan pencegahan karies. Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dan mulut dengan kejadian karies gigi di UPTD SD Negeri 74 Barru. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Melibatkan 58 orang sampel yang diambil secara total sampling dari murid SD Negeri 74 Barru. Hasil penelitian diperoleh masih sebagian besar anak di SD.Negeri 74 Barru memiliki pengetahuan yang cukup baik tentang karies, dan angka kejadian karies pada murid di sekolah ini juga termasuk dalam kategori rendah. Hasil uji chi-square dengan nilai signifikan sebesar (0,0067), sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dan mulut dengan kejadian karies gigi.
Algorithmus und Kontrolle
Authors: Butollo Florian , Hellbach Leon , Wotschack Philip
Published: December 2024

Die Forschung zu »Algorithmischem Management« (AM) in der Arbeitswelt hat wichtige Erkenntnisse über neue Kontrollformen und Herrschaftsmechanismen hervorgebracht. Dennoch sehen wir vier Defizite im politischen und wissenschaftlichen Diskurs um AM: eine begriffliche Unschärfe; die Gleichsetzung von AM mit unmittelbarer Kontrolle der Arbeitsleistung; ein algorithmenzentrierter Blick auf die Arbeitswelt und die Überschätzung algorithmischer Leistungsfähigkeit; sowie die Unterschätzung von Gestaltungspotenzialen im Kontext von AM. Anhand einer empirischen Fallstudie zu einem Essenslieferdienst plädieren wir für einen differenzierteren Blick auf AM, der diese Limitationen überwindet.
Social Perception of Male Faces. Individuals, Clusters, Dimensions
Authors: Henss Ronald
Published: December 2024

In an online experiment in a German and an English version, portrait photographs of 59 men from the age range late 20s to late 50s served as stimulus material. 1618 participants each rated a randomly selected photo on 36 personality-descriptive rating scales and estimated the age, body height and weight. In supplementary assessments, the degree of smile, degree of hair loss, hair color, facial hair, glasses, formal dress, head rotation, head tilt and brightness of the image background were determined. All variables show sufficient, mostly high to very high reliability. The data analysis was carried out at the level of the stimulus persons, on the one hand from a dimensional and on the other hand from a typological perspective. A principal component analysis of the personality-descriptive traits yielded a five-dimensional space with orthogonal factors. These can be interpreted straightforwardly as Social Agreeableness, Attractiveness, Masculinity, Status/Intelligence and Negative Affects. Using multiple regression, the age estimates and the degree of smiling can be fitted into the psychological space in an excellent way. Wearing glasses and height estimates can also be localized well in this space. In addition to the customary dimensional approach, a typological approach was adopted, which is rarely found in this field of research. In a hierarchical cluster analysis of the five personality dimensions and the external characteristics, groups of stimulus persons were identified who are similar to each other in a bundle of characteristics and who differ markedly from other groups. These clusters were mapped into the five-dimensional face perception space. In this way, it is demonstrated that not only does each approach provide interesting insights in its own right, but that both approaches mutually enrich each other by combining them. A main emphasis of this paper is the comparison with the two-dimensional Valence-Dominance model, which has been the most influential paradigm for more than a decade. It is not disputed that evaluation on the Badness – Goodness dimension is of paramount importance, nor is the importance of Dominance or Power called into question. Nevertheless, it is shown that a two-dimensional model cannot do justice to the complexity of face perception. Face perception is much more differentiated and – this is the crucial point – it largely coincides with the personality structure known from differential psychology, which is based on self-assessments and assessments of acquaintances.
PaRCE: Probabilistic and Reconstruction-based Competency Estimation for CNN-based Image Classification
Authors: Pohland Sara , Tomlin Claire
Published: December 2024

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are extremely popular and effective for image classification tasks but tend to be overly confident in their predictions. Various works have sought to quantify uncertainty associated with these models, detect out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs, or identify anomalous regions in an image, but limited work has sought to develop a holistic approach that can accurately estimate perception model confidence across various sources of uncertainty. We develop a probabilistic and reconstruction-based competency estimation (PaRCE) method and compare it to existing approaches for uncertainty quantification and OOD detection. We find that our method can best distinguish between correctly classified, misclassified, and OOD samples with anomalous regions, as well as between samples with visual image modifications resulting in high, medium, and low prediction accuracy. We describe how to extend our approach for anomaly localization tasks and demonstrate the ability of our approach to distinguish between regions in an image that are familiar to the perception model from those that are unfamiliar. We find that our method generates interpretable scores that most reliably capture a holistic notion of perception model confidence.
Neutralizing Backdoors through Information Conflicts for Large Language Models
Authors: Chen Chen , Sun Yuchen , Gong Xueluan , Gao Jiaxin , Lam Kwok-Yan
Published: December 2024

Large language models (LLMs) have seen significant advancements, achieving superior performance in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, from understanding to reasoning. However, they remain vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where models behave normally for standard queries but generate harmful responses or unintended output when specific triggers are activated. Existing backdoor defenses often suffer from drawbacks that they either focus on detection without removal, rely on rigid assumptions about trigger properties, or prove to be ineffective against advanced attacks like multi-trigger backdoors. In this paper, we present a novel method to eliminate backdoor behaviors from LLMs through the construction of information conflicts using both internal and external mechanisms. Internally, we leverage a lightweight dataset to train a conflict model, which is then merged with the backdoored model to neutralize malicious behaviors by embedding contradictory information within the model’s parametric memory. Externally, we incorporate convincing contradictory evidence into the prompt to challenge the model’s internal backdoor knowledge. Experimental results on classification and conversational tasks across 4 widely used LLMs demonstrate that our method outperforms 8 state-of-the-art backdoor defense baselines. We can reduce the attack success rate of advanced backdoor attacks by up to 98% while maintaining over 90% clean data accuracy. Furthermore, our method has proven to be robust against adaptive backdoor attacks. The code will be open-sourced upon publication.
Upaya Meningkatkan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Matematika melalui Model Pembelajaran Novick pada Siswa Kelas VIII MTs Al Jauhar
Authors: Umi Hidayah  , Afghohani Afif , Erika Laras Astutiningtyas
Published: December 2024

Students have different characteristics and backgrounds. One way for teachers to meet the learning needs of students who have different characteristics is to apply the Novick learning model. This research aims to increase student activity and learning outcomes through the Novick learning model on flat-sided geometric material. This research is classroom action research (PTK) with four stages, namely planning, action, observation, and reflection. The subjects in this research were 24 students in class VIII A of MTs Al Jauhar. The research results showed an increase in the weight value of student activities in the initial condition of 11 or 24,75 to 20 or 45,00% in cycle I, then increased to 27 or 60,75% in cycle II, and again increased to 35 or 97,22% in cycle III. Then from the results of the average value of the conditions initial 62,1 to 70,41 in cycle I, then increased to 73,75 in cycle II, and increased again to 85 in cycle III. This research appears to be a process of increasing activity and results from student learning from before the action, after the action in cycle I, cycle II, and cycle III in learning using the Novick learning model in the classroom after going through 3 cycles. The results of this research state that there is an increase in student activity and learning outcomes when implementing the Novick learning model.