bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ERα-LBD, an isoform of estrogen receptor alpha, promotes breast cancer proliferation and endocrine resistance
Authors: Strillacci Antonio , Sansone Pasquale , Rajasekhar Vinagolu K. , Turkekul Mesruh , Boyko Vitaly , Meng Fanli , Houck-Loomis Brian , Brown David , Berger Michael F. , Hendrickson Ronald C. , Chang Qing , de Stanchina Elisa , Pareja Fresia , Reis-Filho Jorge S. , Rajappachetty Ramya Segu , Del Priore Isabella , Liu Bo , Cai Yanyan , Penson Alex , Mastroleo Chiara , Berishaj Marjan , Borsetti Francesca , Spisni Enzo , Lyden David , Chandarlapaty Sarat , Bromberg Jacqueline
Published: August 2022

Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) drives mammary gland development and breast cancer (BC) growth through an evolutionarily conserved linkage of DNA binding and hormone activation functions. Therapeutic targeting of the hormone binding pocket is a widely utilized and successful strategy for breast cancer prevention and treatment. However, resistance to this endocrine therapy is frequently encountered and may occur through bypass or reactivation of ER-regulated transcriptional programs. We now identify the induction of an ERα isoform, ERα-LBD, that is encoded by an alternative ESR1 transcript and lacks the activation function and DNA binding domains. Despite lacking the transcriptional activity, ERα-LBD is found to promote breast cancer growth and resistance to the ERα antagonist fulvestrant. ERα-LBD is predominantly localized to the cytoplasm and mitochondria of BC cells and leads to enhanced glycolysis, respiration and stem-like features. Intriguingly, ERα-LBD expression and function does not appear to be restricted to cancers that express full length ERα but also promotes growth of triple-negative breast cancers and ERα-LBD transcript (ESR1-LBD) is also present in BC samples from both ERα(+) and ERα(−) human tumors. These findings point to ERα-LBD as a potential mediator of breast cancer progression and therapy resistance.
Equivariant graph neural networks for fast electron density estimation of molecules, liquids, and solids
Authors: Jørgensen Peter Bjørn , Bhowmik Arghya
Published: August 2022

Electron density $$\rho (\overrightarrow{{{{\bf{r}}}}})$$

ρ

(

r

→

)

is the fundamental variable in the calculation of ground state energy with density functional theory (DFT). Beyond total energy, features and changes in $$\rho (\overrightarrow{{{{\bf{r}}}}})$$

ρ

(

r

→

)

distributions are often used to capture critical physicochemical phenomena in functional materials. We present a machine learning framework for the prediction of $$\rho (\overrightarrow{{{{\bf{r}}}}})$$

ρ

(

r

→

)

. The model is based on equivariant graph neural networks and the electron density is predicted at special query point vertices that are part of the message-passing graph, but only receive messages. The model is tested across multiple datasets of molecules (QM9), liquid ethylene carbonate electrolyte (EC) and LixNiyMnzCo(1-y-z)O2 lithium ion battery cathodes (NMC). For QM9 molecules, the accuracy of the proposed model exceeds typical variability in $$\rho (\overrightarrow{{{{\bf{r}}}}})$$

ρ

(

r

→

)

obtained from DFT done with different exchange-correlation functionals. The accuracy on all three datasets is beyond state of the art and the computation time is orders of magnitude faster than DFT.
Superior printed parts using history and augmented machine learning
Authors: Jiang Meng , Mukherjee Tuhin , Du Yang , DebRoy Tarasankar
Published: August 2022

Machine learning algorithms are a natural fit for printing fully dense superior metallic parts since 3D printing embodies digital technology like no other manufacturing process. Since traditional machine learning needs a large volume of reliable historical data to optimize many printing variables, the algorithm is augmented with human intelligence derived from the rich knowledge base of metallurgy and physics-based models. The augmentation improves the computational efficiency and makes the problem tractable by enabling the algorithm to use a small set of data. We provide a verifiable quantitative index for achieving fully dense superior parts, facilitate material selection, uncover the hierarchy of important variables that affect the density, and present easy-to-use visual process maps. These findings can improve the quality consistency of 3D printed parts that now limit their greater industrial adaptation. The approach used here can be applied to solve other problems of 3D printing and beyond.
Light-dominated selection shaping filamentous cyanobacterial assemblages drives odor problem in a drinking water reservoir
Authors: Su Ming , Zhu Yiping , Andersen Tom , Wang Xianyun , Yu Zhiyong , Lu Jinping , Song Yichao , Cao Tengxin , Yu Jianwei , Zhang Yu , Yang Min
Published: August 2022

Filamentous cyanobacteria have substantial niche overlap, and the causal mechanism behind their succession remains unclear. This has practical significance since several filamentous genera are the main producers of the musty odorant 2-methylisoborneol (MIB), which lead to odor problems in drinking water. This study investigates the relationships between two filamentous cyanobacteria, the MIB-producing genus Planktothrix and the non-MIB-producing genus Pseudanabaena, in a drinking water reservoir. We firstly identified their niche characteristics based on a monitoring dataset, combined this information with culture experiments and developed a niche-based model to clarify these processes. The results reveal that the optimal light requirements of Pseudanabaena (1.56 mol m−2 d−1) are lower than those of Planktothrix (3.67 mol m−2 d−1); their light niche differentiation led to a fundamental replacement of Planktothrix (2013) by Pseudanabaena (2015) along with MIB decreases in this reservoir during 2013 and 2015. This study suggests that light is a major driving force responsible for the succession between filamentous cyanobacteria, and that subtle niche differentiation may play an important role in shaping the filamentous cyanobacterial assemblages that drives the MIB odor problems in drinking water reservoirs.
Comparison of CEAC, BEAM and IEAC conditioning regimens followed by autologous stem cell transplantation in peripheral T-cell lymphoma patients
Authors: Xiong Yi-Ying , Wang Jing , Wang Li , Chen Jian-Bin , Liu Lin , Tang Xiao-Qiong , Wang Xin , Zhang Hong-Bin
Published: August 2022

Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is an important treatment for peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) patients both during front and salvage therapy. In order to explore the appropriate conditioning regiments and seek ways to improve the efficacy and safety of PTCL, we retrospectively compared the outcomes of 52 PTCL patients treated with CEAC (lomustine, etoposide, cytarabine and cyclophosphamide; n = 28), BEAM (carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine and melphalan; n = 14) and IEAC (idarubicin, etoposide, cytarabine and cyclophosphamide; n = 10) regimens followed by ASCT at our center between 2012 and 2021. Although the time of neutrophil engraftment in CEAC group was earlier than that in IEAC group (P = 0.042) and platelet infusion in BEAM group was significantly more than CEAC group (P = 0.042), there were no significant difference in platelet engraftment, hematopoietic engraftment and red blood cells infusion among the 3 groups. The transplantation related mortality rate (TRM) and the early overall response rate (ORR) was 3.8% and 85.7% respectively. The 5-year OS and PFS was 62.8% (95% CI: 54.8–70.8%) and 61.0% (95% CI: 53.1–68.9%) respectively. There was no significant difference in TRM, ORR and survival among the 3 groups. Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that high PIT score (the T cell lymphoma prognostic index, > 1) and failure to reach complete response (non-CR) at 3 months after ASCT were common risk factors for OS (P = 0.036 and 0.007) and PFS (P = 0.021 and 0.012). In conclusion, CEAC and IEAC regimen can be used as alternative conditioning regiments for ASCT in PTCL patients, and their efficacy and safety are comparable to BEAM regiment. Patients with high PIT score and non-CR early after ASCT had worse outcomes.
Plot2Spectra: an automatic spectra extraction tool
Authors: Jiang Weixin , Li Kai , Spreadbury Trevor , Schwenker Eric , Cossairt Oliver , Chan Maria K. Y.
Published: August 2022

Scientists cannot easily make use of numerical data encoded in plot images, such as of spectroscopy data, in scientific literature. Plot2Spectra was developed to use computer vision tools to automatically digitize plot images.
A comprehensive study on the photophysical and non-linear optical properties of thienyl-chalcone derivatives
Authors: Wong Qin Ai , Quah Ching Kheng , Wong Xin Ai , Win Yip-Foo , Kwong Huey Chong , Patil Parutagouda Shankaragouda , Gummagol Neelamma B. , S. Venugopal Rao
Published: August 2022

The impact of the substitutional position of the chorine atom on the non-linear optical (NLO) response of chalcone derivatives is reported in this paper.
Magnetism and interlayer bonding in pores of Bernal-stacked hexagonal boron nitride
Authors: Dogan Mehmet , Cohen Marvin L.
Published: August 2022

High-energy electron beam creates triangular pores in h-BN. We report the interlayer bonding and electronic structure of nested pores in AB-stacked h-BN, important for applications like DNA sequencing.
Photochemistry of 2-thiooxazole: a plausible prebiotic precursor to RNA nucleotides
Authors: Bertram Lauren , Roberts Samuel J. , Powner Matthew W. , Szabla Rafał
Published: August 2022

UV-irradiation experiments and excited-state dynamics simulations elucidate the photochemistry of 2-thiooxazole, a potential prebiotic precursor of RNA nucleotides.
New opportunities for immunomodulation of the tumour microenvironment using chemical tools
Authors: Su Jing-Yun , Li Wen-Hao , Li Yan-Mei
Published: August 2022

We highlight chemical strategies that modulate or target the tumour microenvironment (TME), providing available methods for enhanced immunotherapy.
Broadband near-infrared luminescence from Fe3+-activated NaScSi2O6 phosphors for luminescence thermometry and night-vision applications
Authors: Zhang Xinguo , Chen Daiwen , Chen Xin , Zhou Cai , Chen Peichan , Pang Qi , Zhou Liya
Published: August 2022

A broadband NIR-emitting NaScSi2O6:Fe3+ phosphor has been synthesized, and its applications in NIR luminescence thermometry and NIR patches was also investigated.
A fundamental role of the solvent polarity and remote substitution of the 2-(4-R-phenyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline framework in controlling the ground- and excited-state properties of Re(i) chromophores [ReCl(CO)3(R-C6H4-imphen)]
Authors: Szłapa-Kula Agata , Palion-Gazda Joanna , Ledwon Przemyslaw , Erfurt Karol , Machura Barbara
Published: August 2022

The ground- and excited-state properties of a new series of Re(i) carbonyl chromophores with the 1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline ligand functionalized with electron-donating amine groups were thoroughly investigated.
Secondary aerosol formation during the dark oxidation of residential biomass burning emissions
Authors: Kodros John K. , Kaltsonoudis Christos , Paglione Marco , Florou Kalliopi , Jorga Spiro , Vasilakopoulou Christina , Cirtog Manuela , Cazaunau Mathieu , Picquet-Varrault Bénédicte , Nenes Athanasios , Pandis Spyros N.
Published: August 2022

Biomass burning emissions age rapidly in the dark due to oxidation reactions with nitrate radicals.
Surface modification of carbon catalysts for efficient production of H2O2 in bioelectrochemical systems
Authors: Eom Hyunji , Jwa Eunjin , Jeung Yoon-Cheul , Hwang Kyo Sik , Jeong Namjo , Mok Young Sun , Nam Joo-Youn
Published: August 2022

BES for H2O2 production has great potential in the future due to its high efficiency, energy efficiency, and environmental friendliness because it turns waste into useful chemicals without any energy input.
In-water synthesis of isocyanides under micellar conditions
Authors: Brunelli Francesca , Aprile Silvio , Russo Camilla , Giustiniano Mariateresa , Tron Gian Cesare
Published: August 2022

Dehydration of N-formamides to isocyanides using p-toluen sulphonyl chloride, sodium hydrogen carbonate in aqueous micelles is reported.
Lanthanoid coordination compounds as diverse self-templating agents towards hierarchically porous Fe–N–C electrocatalysts
Authors: Salton Itamar , Ioffe Karina , Burshtein Tomer Y. , Farber Eliyahu M. , Seraphim Nicola M. , Segal Nofit , Eisenberg David
Published: August 2022

Templating of rich, complex and useful porosity in carbons is achieved by the pyrolysis of eight lanthanoid frameworks. A better understanding of porogenesis during self-templating helps electrocatalysis, especially bubble removal.
Toposelective vapor deposition of hybrid and inorganic materials inside nanocavities by polymeric templating and vapor phase infiltration
Authors: Lovikka Ville A. , Airola Konsta , McGuinness Emily , Zhang Chao , Vehkamäki Marko , Kemell Marianna , Losego Mark , Ritala Mikko , Leskelä Markku
Published: August 2022

The paper presents a nanoselective all-vapor workflow for depositing hybrid and inorganic materials inside nano- and micro-scaled cavities.
Zinc stannate microcubes with an integrated microheater for low-temperature NO2 detection
Authors: Joshi Nirav , Long Hu , Naik Pranav , Kumar Arvind , Mastelaro Valmor R. , Oliveira Osvaldo N. , Zettl Alex , Lin Liwei
Published: August 2022

Low temperature, microcube-shaped zinc stannate (ZnSnO3) nanostructures using a low-power microheater sensor platform to detect NO2 gas with high sensitivity and selectivity.
The design of a metal–organic framework with flame-retardant performance and bionic hydrophobic surface inspired by the lotus leaf
Authors: Yuan Bihe , Zhao Huidong , Yang Fangzhou , Zhang Jinghan , Wu Yucheng , Qi Congrui , Tan Zhezhe , Zhang Guangyi , Ren Ben , Xiao Fei
Published: August 2022

The prepared S-Fe-MOF is a biomimetic multifunctional material with excellent hydrophobicity and flame retardancy.
Facilitated transport membrane with functionalized ionic liquid carriers for CO2/N2, CO2/O2, and CO2/air separations
Authors: Lee Yun-Yang , Wickramasinghe Nalinda P. , Dikki Ruth , Jan Darrell L. , Gurkan Burcu
Published: August 2022

CO2 separations from cabin air and the atmospheric air are achieved by ionic liquid containing facilitated transport membrane.
Chiroptical and colorimetric switches based on helical polymer-metal nanocomposites preparedviaredox metal translocation of helical polymer metal complexes
Authors: Núñez-Martínez Manuel , Quiñoá Emilio , Freire Félix
Published: August 2022

Chiroptical and colorimetric switches based on dynamic helical copolymer-metal nanoparticlenanocomposites.
One-pot ester and thioester formation mediated by pentafluoropyridine (PFP)
Authors: Beardmore Liam N. D. , Cobb Steven L. , Brittain William D. G.
Published: August 2022

The use of pentafluoropyridine (PFP) is reported in ester and thioester coupling reactions. The reaction proceedsviaanin situgenerated acyl fluoride intermediate.
Light actuated single-chain magnet with magnetic coercivity
Authors: Liu Qiang , Yao Nian-Tao , Sun Hui-Ying , Hu Ji-Xiang , Meng Yin-Shan , Liu Tao
Published: August 2022

A cyanide-bridged {Fe2Co}-based coordination polymer was synthesized. It showed photo-induced slow relaxation of magnetization and a coercive field of 400 Oe.
A diastereoselective synthesis of cyclopentanonesviaphotocatalytic reductive alkyltrifluoromethylation of ynones
Authors: Qiu Jiayan , Le Siya , Su Jingwen , Liu Yi , Zhou Yulu , Zheng Hanliang , Bai Yihui , Zhu Gangguo
Published: August 2022

A photocatalytic reductive alkyltrifluoromethylation of ynones with the Langlois reagent is developed, providing a regio- and diastereoselective access to trifluoromethylated cyclopentanones under mild conditions.
A direct method to access various functional arylalkoxysilanes by Rh-catalysed intermolecular C–H silylation of alkoxysilanes
Authors: Som Salina , Choi Jongwook , Katsoulis Dimitris , Lee Kangsang L.
Published: August 2022

The control of alkoxysilane redistribution enables the direct access of functional arylalkoxysilanes by Rh-catalyzed C–H silylations.
Excimer evolution hampers symmetry-broken charge-separated states
Authors: Sebastian Ebin , Sunny Jeswin , Hariharan Mahesh
Published: August 2022

Achieving long-lived symmetry-broken charge-separated states in chromophoric assemblies is quintessential for enhanced performance of artificial photosynthetic mimics.
Decoupled hydrogen evolution from water/seawater splitting by integrating ethylene glycol oxidation on PtRh0.02@Rh nanowires with Rh atom modification
Authors: Jiang Xue , Dong Zemeng , Zhang Qiong , Xu Guang-Rui , Lai Jianping , Li Zhenjiang , Wang Lei
Published: August 2022

PtRh nanowires with sub-monolayer of Rh atoms on the surface (PtRh0.02@Rh NWs) are fabricated and facilitate both hydrogen evolution reaction and ethylene glycol evolution reaction owing to the tensile strain and large electrocatalytic active surface area.
Atomically dispersed Co in a cross-channel hierarchical carbon-based electrocatalyst for high-performance oxygen reduction in Zn–air batteries
Authors: Li Liuhua , Liu Xiangjian , Wang Jinming , Liu Rui , Liu Yarong , Wang Changli , Yang Wenxiu , Feng Xiao , Wang Bo
Published: August 2022

Rational design of the 3D cross-channel hierarchical structure and defect-modified atomic Co–N4sites for CoSA@NPC can effectively achieve the construction of high-density triple-phase interfaces and high intrinsic active sites for the ORR.
The facilitated cathodic elementary reactions of solid oxide electrolysis cells for CO2 conversion over a Ce decorated La0.43Ca0.37Ti0.94Ni0.06O3−δ electrocatalyst
Authors: Li Zhishan , Peng Meilan , Zhu Yinlong , Hu Zhiwei , Pao Chih-Wen , Chang Yu-Chung , Zhang Yifan , Zhao Yingru , Li Jianhui , Sun Yifei
Published: August 2022

Compared to LCTNi cathode, LCTNi-Ce exhibits better electrochemical performance in CO2-SOEC with CO or H2 as the protective gas.
Optimizing the photoresponse enhancement in a hybrid inorganic–organic phototransistor with an amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide channel layer and PTCDI-C13 photoactive layer
Authors: Tarsoly Gergely , Lee Jae-Yun , Jeong Yong Jin , Pyo Seungmoon , Kim Sung-Jin
Published: August 2022

Metal oxide semiconductors offer high charge carrier mobility, while organic ones absorb visible light. A phototransistor with an IGZO and a PTCDI-C13 bilayer is formed, and the charge transfer between the layers is improved by thermal annealing.
bay-Dissymmetrical hetero- and Aza-Benzannulated PeryleneDiimides as new n-type semiconductors
Authors: Goujon Antoine , Rocard Lou , Melville Hayley , Cauchy Thomas , Cabanetos Clément , Dabos-Seignon Sylvie , Hudhomme Piétrick
Published: August 2022

AzaBenzannulated PeryleneDiimides (AzaBPDIs) and their nitrogen, sulphur and seleniumbay-functionalized derivatives are introduced herein as a new class of n-type semiconductors.
Carbidopa, an activator of aryl hydrocarbon receptor, suppresses IDO1 expression in pancreatic cancer and decreases tumor growth
Authors: Korac Ksenija , Rajasekaran Devaraja , Sniegowski Tyler , Schniers Bradley K. , Ibrahim Andrew F. , Bhutia Yangzom D.
Published: August 2022

IDO1 is an immunomodulatory enzyme responsible for tryptophan catabolism. Its expression in immune cells, especially the DCs, has attracted attention because it leads to tryptophan depletion at the immunological synapse, thereby causing T-cell anergy and immune evasion by the tumor cells. Cancer cells also overexpress IDO1. Immunotherapy targeting IDO1 has been one of the focus areas in cancer biology, but lately studies have identified non-immune related functions of IDO1 leading to a paradigm shift with regard to IDO1 function in the context of tumor cells. In this study, we show that PDAC tissues and PDAC cells overexpress IDO1. The expression level is reciprocally related to overall patient survival. We further show that carbidopa, an FDA-approved drug for Parkinson's disease as well as an AhR agonist, inhibits IDO1 expression in PDAC cells. Using athymic nude mice, we demonstrate that carbidopa-mediated suppression of IDO1 expression attenuates tumor growth. Mechanistically, we show that AhR is responsible for carbidopa-mediated suppression of IDO1, directly as a transcription factor and indirectly by interfering with the JAK/STAT pathway. Overall, targeting IDO1 not only in immune cells but also in cancer cells could be a beneficial therapeutic strategy for PDAC and potentially for other cancers as well and that carbidopa could be repurposed to treat cancers that overexpress IDO1.
Beyond ATP, new roles of mitochondria
Authors: Chakrabarty Ram Prosad , Chandel Navdeep S.
Published: August 2022

Mitochondria, special double-membraned intracellular compartments or ‘organelles’, are popularly known as the ‘powerhouses of the cell’, as they generate the bulk of ATP used to fuel cellular biochemical reactions. Mitochondria are also well known for generating metabolites for the synthesis of macromolecules (e.g., carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids). In the mid-1990s, new evidence suggesting that mitochondria, beyond their canonical roles in bioenergetics and biosynthesis, can act as signalling organelles began to emerge, bringing a dramatic shift in our view of mitochondria’s roles in controlling cell function. Over the next two and half decades, works from multiple groups have demonstrated how mitochondrial signalling can dictate diverse physiological and pathophysiological outcomes. In this article, we will briefly discuss different mechanisms by which mitochondria can communicate with cytosol and other organelles to regulate cell fate and function and exert paracrine effects. Our molecular understanding of mitochondrial communication with the rest of the cell, i.e. mitochondrial signalling, could reveal new therapeutic strategies to improve health and ameliorate diseases.
Study on decay‐like fracture of 500 kV composite insulators: Infrared, ultraviolet and electric field distribution detection
Authors: Zhang Zhijin , Pang Guohui , Lu Ming , Gao Chao , Jiang Xingliang
Published: August 2022

The power outage caused by decay‐like fracture of composite insulators significantly impacts the power grid. In this paper, a decay‐like fractured insulator of 500 kV transmission line is taken as a research object. The detailed observation of core rod and silicone rubber housings, discharge results, temperature rises, and electric field distribution are obtained. (a) The fractured insulator has abnormal heating on the exposed core rod and sheath surface, and the ambient temperature and humidity significantly influence the temperature rise. (b) It is proposed that one of the most obvious characteristics of decay‐like insulator is abnormal temperature and temperature rise (such as T > 50°C, ΔT > 30 K). (c) Under the same conditions, temperature rises, electrical discharge, and electrical field strength of decay‐like insulator are higher than those of other insulators, and the discharge at the bare core rod is intense. (d) The electric field strength distribution and discharge distribution of decay‐like insulator are different from other aging and new insulators. However, the measurement results are significantly affected by test conditions. Therefore, it is difficult to determine whether the composite insulators are decay‐like using electric field distribution and UV measurement on site.
Influence of torsion on icing process of transmission lines
Authors: Han Xingbo , Sun Peng , Xing Bin , Wang Jie , Jiang Xingliang
Published: August 2022

Icing threatens the safe and stable operation of transmission lines. Accurate prediction of the icing process of conductor can help the work of anti‐icing and disaster reduction of transmission lines. Generally, the icing of conductor is accompanied by the torsion process of conductor. Because of the interaction of conductor torsion and icing, there is a big difference of the icing shape and rate between different positions on a transmission line. In order to improve the accuracy of numerical calculation of conductor icing, a dynamic numerical calculation model of conductor icing torsion is established based on hydrodynamics and basic mechanics in this paper. Comprehensively, the model takes the effects of torsion angle and torsion icing shape on the icing process into consideration, including the effects on airflow filed and trajectories of water droplets in the air. Through the simulation, the change law of the torsion angle at different positions of the conductor, the influence characteristics of the conductor torsion on the icing process, and the differences of the icing torsion of conductor under different environmental parameters are analysed. The results show that, compared with the condition without torsion, the collision range of water droplets on the conductor is larger under the torsion condition, the average value of collision efficiency β1 is higher, and the icing rate is faster. The larger the wind velocity and the median volume diameter of water droplets in the air, the faster the conductor icing torsion development.
Agile roadmap for application‐driven Multi‐UAV networks: The case of COVID‐19
Authors: Abouzaid Laila , Elbiaze Halima , Sabir Essaid
Published: August 2022

Drones, also known as Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), are about to bring drastic transformations to our world and daily lives. News thinking and efficient deployment are required to boost the adoption of UAV‐augmented commercial/civil applications. Yet, network service providers are still facing several design challenges of UAV‐assisted application, due to lack of a roadmap allowing to meet the target service level agreement requirements. In this paper, we propose a complete framework for the UAV as a service paradigm, integrating all the actors/stakeholders contributing to the UAV‐augmented service, and draw their interactions using data/service/money flows. Next, we instantiate our framework on the COVID‐19‐like pandemics, and discuss how to use it force social distancing, spray disinfectants, broadcast messages, deliver medical supplies and enhance surveillance. Computer simulation provide insights on how to set the multi‐UAV network to combat COVID‐19.
Grid‐connected operation and control of single‐phase asymmetrical multilevel inverter for distributed power generation
Authors: Tayyab Mohammad , Sarwar Adil , Murshid Shadab , Tariq Mohd , Urooj Shabana , Khan Baseem
Published: August 2022

In recent times, multilevel inverters (MLIs) are gaining popularity for grid integration of distributed power generation sources. In this paper, a proportional‐resonant (PR) controller based on current control logic is proposed for a single‐phase eleven‐level inverter topology, enabling the integration of distributed power generation sources into the grid. The presented topology utilizes eight two‐quadrant switches and three dc sources to produce an eleven‐level output voltage. The level‐shifted pulse width modulation (LS‐PWM) scheme is used for providing switching signals to the inverter under grid‐connected operation. Simulation and real‐time results are presented for the eleven‐level inverter to validate the presented current control logic under the grid‐connected mode of operation. The hardware‐in‐loop emulator (Typhoon HIL‐402) is used for taking real‐time results of the presented grid‐connected topology. The total harmonic distortion (THD) of the eleven‐level inverter voltage and grid current is 12.10% and 0.46%, respectively. The efficiency of the inverter while supplying 2 kW active power to the grid is 98.4%.
Two‐phase BESS optimization methodology to enhance the distribution network power quality and mitigate violations
Authors: Mohamed Ahmed A. Raouf , Best Robert J. , Liu Xueqin , Morrow D. John
Published: August 2022

This paper proposes a two‐phase optimization methodology to optimally dispatch the active/reactive power of battery energy storage systems (BESS) installed on the medium voltage distribution network to manage the violations and enhance the power quality and security. The first phase is look‐ahead scheduling that aims to flatten the grid power curve and optimize the network power factor over the scheduling horizon using forecasted demand and generation. The second phase is a real‐time model predictive control (MPC) introduced to adjust the BESS real power setpoints against network violations due to high uncertainties associated with the renewable generation and low carbon technologies as well as other unexpected events. Simulations were carried out for an actual 11 kV, 53‐node distribution network located in Northern Ireland for two case studies representing the winter and summer. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology in enhancing the network operation through optimizing the power factor, reducing line losses, and mitigating stresses. Sudden over/under voltage events were solved through the real‐time phase efficiently without affecting the power factor or the line losses in a fast manner with a computation time of 0.52 s/time‐point which makes it suitable for real‐time control implementation.
Investigating the accuracy achievable in reconstructing the angular sizes of stars through stellar intensity interferometry observations
Authors: Fiori M. , Naletto G. , Zampieri L. , Martínez I. Jiménez , Wunderlich C.
Published: August 2022

Context. In recent years, stellar intensity interferometry has seen renewed interest from the astronomical community because it can be efficiently applied to Cherenkov telescope arrays.

Aims. We have investigated the accuracy that can be achieved in reconstructing stellar sizes by fitting the visibility curve measured on the ground. The large number of expected available astronomical targets, the limited number of nights in a year, and the likely presence of multiple baselines will require careful planning of the observational strategy to maximise the scientific output.

Methods. We studied the trend of the error on the estimated angular size, considering the uniform disk model, by varying several parameters related to the observations, such as the total number of measurements, the integration time, the signal-to-noise ratio, and different positions along the baseline.

Results. We found that measuring the value of the zero-baseline correlation is essential to obtain the best possible results. Systems that can measure this value directly or for which it is known in advance will have better sensitivity. We also found that to minimise the integration time, it is sufficient to obtain a second measurement at a baseline half-way between 0 and that corresponding to the first zero of the visibility function. This function does not have to be measured at multiple positions. Finally, we obtained some analytical expressions that can be used under specific conditions to determine the accuracy that can be achieved in reconstructing the angular size of a star in advance. This is useful to optimise the observation schedule.
Study on tensile and fatigue failure in the low-hardness zone of AA2519-T62 FSW joint
Authors: Kosturek Robert , Slezak Tomasz , Torzewski Janusz , Wachowski Marcin , Sniezek Lucjan
Published: August 2022

The aim of this research was to investigate the basic performance and failure of AA2519-T62 friction stir welded joint in tensile test and in low cycle fatigue regime. It has been reported that at the retreating side, the layer of overgrowth grains undergoes deformation in the TMAZ and forms a characteristic large-grain band partly surrounding the SZ. The reported UTS is very high and it equals 405 MPa, what corresponds to 86.5% joint efficiency value. The failure occurred in the LHZ at the retreating side with the fracture mechanism characterized by simultaneously cracking in several parallel planes. The LCF behavior of the tested joint indicates three stages of fatigue life: a relatively long period of cyclic hardening (up to 500–1000 cycles), the longest period of cyclic stabilization, followed by cyclic softening until failure. The fatigue crack initiation takes place in the near-surface layer of overgrown grains and then propagates through the low-hardness zone.
Timeo – ergo sum: Ein evolutionsbiologischer Blick auf Angststörungen
Authors: Roesmann Kati , Lueken Ulrike
Published: August 2022

Angst ist eine überlebenswichtige Emotion. Im Folgenden geben wir einen Überblick über basale Defensivmechanismen und furchtbezogene Lernprozesse und zeigen, wie ein biologisch-evolutionäres Verständnis gesunder und pathologischer defensiver Reaktivität Betroffenen helfen kann, Angstsymptome zu begreifen und ein expositionsbasiertes Behandlungsrational abzuleiten.
Vitalpilze zur Unterstützung der
Leberfunktion
Authors: Thoonsen Yvonne
Published: August 2022

„Heilpilze“ werden seit über 4000 Jahren medizinisch
genutzt. Vor allem in der traditionellen chinesischen Medizin sind sie
etabliert, erregen aber auch in Europa ein immer größer
werdendes Interesse. Wie wirken sie? Und wie wähle ich einen oder
mehrere Arzneipilze für den jeweiligen Patienten aus?
Rote Bete – leberschützendes
„Superfood“?
Authors: Brendieck-Worm Cäcilia
Published: August 2022

Zurzeit macht ein bisher eher als „Hausmannskost“ bekanntes
Wurzelgemüse Karriere als „Superfood“: die Rote Bete.
Sie gilt als „wahre Wunderknolle“ und wird unter anderem als
Futterergänzung für Pferde, Hunde, Kaninchen und
Geflügel empfohlen
1.
Serum Calcium, Magnesium, and Phosphorus Levels in Patients with
COVID-19: Relationships with Poor Outcome and Mortality
Authors: Díez Juan J. , Iglesias Pedro , García Agustín , Martín-Casasempere Ignacio , Bernabéu-Andréu Francisco A.
Published: August 2022

In this retrospective study to assess the impact of serum corrected calcium
(CorrCa), magnesium (Mg) and phosphorus (P) levels, all adult patients with
laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 hospitalized during 2020 were included. Poor
outcome was considered in patients who presented need for mechanical
ventilation, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, or in-hospital mortality. We
analyzed 2473 patients (956 females) aged (mean±SD) 63.4±15.9
years. During admission, 169 patients (6.8%) required mechanical
ventilation, 205 (8.3%) were admitted to the ICU, and 270
(10.9%) died. Composite variable of poor outcome, defined as need for
mechanical ventilation, ICU admission or death, was present in 434
(17.5%) patients. In univariate analysis, the need for mechanical
ventilation was positively related to Mg levels (OR 8.37, 95% CI
3.62–19.33; p<0.001); ICU admission was related to CorrCa (OR
0.49, 95% CI 0.25–0.99; p=0.049) and Mg levels (OR 5.81,
95% CI 2.74–12.35; p<0.001); and in-hospital mortality
was related to CorrCa (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.14–2.64;
p=0.011). The composite variable of poor outcome was only related to Mg
(OR 2.68, 95% CI 1.54–4.68; p=0.001). However, in
multivariate analysis only CorrCa was significantly related to the need for
mechanical ventilation (OR 0.19, 95% CI 0.05–0.72;
p=0.014) and ICU admission (OR 0.25; 95% CI 0.09–0.66;
p=0.005), but not with in-hospital mortality or the composite variable.
In conclusion, CorrCa can be used as a simple and reliable marker of poor
outcome in patients with COVID-19, although not to predict the risk of
in-hospital mortality.
Minimal water exchange by the air–water valve versus left colon water exchange in unsedated colonoscopy: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Liu Cenqin , Zheng Shuhao , Gao Hui , Yuan Xin , Zhang Zhixin , Xie Jiarong , Yu Chaohui , Xu Lei
Published: August 2022

Background Water exchange colonoscopy is the least painful method for unsedated colonoscopies. Simplified left colon water exchange (LWE) reduces the cecal intubation time but it is difficult to avoid the use of an additional pump. Minimal water exchange (MWE) is an improved novel method that eliminates the need for pumps, but it is not clear whether MWE has the same efficiency as LWE.

Methods This was a prospective, randomized, controlled, noninferiority trial conducted in a tertiary hospital. Enrolled patients were randomized 1:1 to the LWE group or MWE group. The primary outcome was recalled insertion pain measured by a 4-point verbal rating scale. Secondary outcomes included adenoma detection rate (ADR), cecal intubation time, volume of water used, and patient willingness to repeat unsedated colonoscopy.

Results 226 patients were included (LWE n = 113, MWE n = 113). The MWE method showed noninferior moderate/severe pain rates compared with the LWE method (10.6 % vs. 9.7 %), with a difference of 0.9 percentage points (99 % confidence interval [CI] –9.5 to 11.3; threshold, 15 %). ADR, cecal intubation time, and willingness to repeat unsedated colonoscopy were not significantly different between the two groups, but the mean volume of water used was significantly less with MWE than with LWE (163.7 mL vs. 407.2 mL; 99 %CI –298.28 to –188.69).

Conclusion Compared with LWE, MWE demonstrated a noninferior outcome for insertion pain, and comparable cecal intubation time and ADR, but reduced the volume of water used and eliminated the need for a water pump.
Indian Data on HER2 Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization in Invasive Breast Cancer with Immunohistochemically Equivocal Results As Per 2018 ASCO/CAP Guidelines
Authors: Nagarjun B. R. , Parikh Biren , Patel Manaswi Nareshkumar , Trivedi Pina J. , Patel Dharmesh M.
Published: August 2022

Introduction Hormonal status and HER2 expression are valuable biomarkers and dictate the management of the patients diagnosed with invasive breast cancer (IBC). It is crucial to identify the patients who truly respond to anti-HER2 targeted therapy. Updated 2018 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)/College of American Pathologists (CAP) guidelines has recommended certain modifications in HER2 interpretation by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with concomitant immunohistochemistry (IHC).

Objectives We aimed to evaluate HER2 FISH interpretation in IBC with equivocal IHC results as per 2018 ASCO/CAP recommendations and compare FISH results with hormonal receptor status.

Materials and Methods FISH results of 502 cases of IBC with equivocal IHC report between January 2016 to January 2022 were reviewed retrospectively. FISH results were categorized according to ASCO/CAP guidelines 2018 into five respective groups.

Results FISH testing in IHC equivocal cases showed 219 (43.6%) cases were classic amplified (positive) belonged to group 1, 217(43.2%) cases were classic nonamplified (negative) fell into group 5, 39 (7.8%) and 02 (0.4%) patients were in group 2 (negative) and group 3 (positive), and 25 (5.0%) cases were in group 4 (negative). About 52.1 and 49.3% of cases with estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor positivity were reported as HER2 positive. Among 502 cases, 25 equivocal cases according to the 2013 guidelines were redefined as HER2 negative and 02 (0.4%) cases reported positive were classified negative as per updated 2018 guidelines.

Conclusion Revised 2018 guidelines is helpful in accurate identification of HER2 status and in avoiding targeted therapy in unwarranted cases. Updated 2018 guidelines has removed equivocal HER2-FISH category that has eliminated management dilemma in these cases. Only long-term clinical follow-up will establish the validity of the updated guidelines.
Realised volatility and industry momentum returns
Authors: Chen Xiaoyue , Li Bin , Worthington Andrew C.
Published: August 2022

Motivated by the importance of industry volatility and the profitability of industry momentum strategy, this study investigates the relationship between realised volatility and industry momentum returns. The analysis uses daily return data for 48 US industries from July 1969 to June 2021 to calculate realised volatility and to gauge the raw return effect on short- and medium-horizon double-sort momentum-trading strategies. The findings show that past volatility positively relates to industry momentum and that this relationship is stronger after controlling for common risk factors (market, size, value, investment, and profitability). Decomposing the realised total volatility into idiosyncratic and systematic components, this study reveals that both decomposed components are positively related to industry momentum returns. The findings are robust to alternative measures of volatility.
Hot electrons disrupt shock ignition process
Authors: Thompson Avery
Published: August 2022

Shock ignition-based direct drive fusion reactions are hindered by hot electrons unless steps are taken to mitigate them.
Reducing the background temperature for cyclotron cooling in a cryogenic Penning–Malmberg trap
Authors: Amsler C. , Breuker H. , Chesnevskaya S. , Costantini G. , Ferragut R. , Giammarchi M. , Gligorova A. , Gosta G. , Higaki H. , Hunter E. D. , Killian C. , Kletzl V. , Kraxberger V. , Kuroda N. , Lanz A. , Leali M. , Mäckel V. , Maero G. , Malbrunot C. , Mascagna V. , Matsuda Y. , Migliorati S. , Murtagh D. J. , Nagata Y. , Nanda A. , Nowak L. , Pasino E. , Romé M. , Simon M. C. , Tajima M. , Toso V. , Ulmer S. , Venturelli L. , Weiser A. , Widmann E. , Wolz T. , Yamazaki Y. , Zmeskal J.
Published: August 2022

Magnetized nonneutral plasma composed of electrons or positrons couples to the local microwave environment via cyclotron radiation. The equilibrium plasma temperature depends on the microwave energy density near the cyclotron frequency. Fine copper meshes and cryogenic microwave absorbing material were used to lower the effective temperature of the radiation environment in ASACUSA's Cusp trap, resulting in significantly reduced plasma temperature.
Anticipating measure synchronization in coupled Hamiltonian systems with machine learning
Authors: Zhang Han , Fan Huawei , Du Yao , Wang Liang , Wang Xingang
Published: August 2022

A model-free approach is proposed for anticipating the occurrence of measure synchronization in coupled Hamiltonian systems. Specifically, by the technique of parameter-aware reservoir computing in machine learning, we demonstrate that the machine trained by the time series of coupled Hamiltonian systems at a handful of coupling parameters is able to predict accurately not only the critical coupling for the occurrence of measure synchronization, but also the variation of the system order parameters around the transition point. The capability of the model-free technique in anticipating measure synchronization is exemplified in Hamiltonian systems of two coupled oscillators and also in a Hamiltonian system of three globally coupled oscillators where partial synchronization arises. The studies pave a way to the model-free, data-driven analysis of measure synchronization in large-size Hamiltonian systems.
Two-dimensional charge localization at the perovskite oxide interface
Authors: Tang Chi Sin , Zeng Shengwei , Diao Caozheng , Wu Jing , Chen Shunfeng , Breese Mark B. H. , Cai Chuanbing , Venkatesan Thirumalai , Ariando Ariando , Wee Andrew T. S. , Yin Xinmao
Published: August 2022

The effects of atomic-scale disorder and charge (de)localization hold significant importance, and they provide essential insights to unravel the role that strong and weak correlations play in condensed matter systems. In the case of perovskite oxide heterostructures, while disorders introduced via various external stimuli have strong influences over the (de)localization of interfacial two-dimensional (2D) electrons, these factors alone could not fully account for the system's charge dynamics where interfacial hybridization holds very strong influence. Here, we determine that the displaced 2D free electrons have been localized in the specific hybridized states of the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface. This experimental study combines both transport measurements and temperature-dependent x-ray absorption spectroscopy and suggests that the localization of 2D electrons can be induced via temperature reduction or ionic liquid gating. Furthermore, this localization effect is found to be applicable to both amorphous and crystalline interfacial systems. In particular, we demonstrate that interfacial hybridization plays a pivotal role in regulating the 2D electron localization effects. Our study resolves the location where the 2D electrons are localized not only does it highlight the importance of interfacial hybridization but it also opens a new avenue for device fabrication in amorphous film systems where charge localization can be done at much great ease as compared to epitaxial crystalline heterostructures.
Investigating the effect of phospholipids on droplet formation and surface property evolution in microfluidic devices for droplet interface bilayer (DIB) formation
Authors: Stephenson Elanna B. , García Ramírez Ricardo , Farley Sean , Adolph-Hammond Katherine , Lee Gihyun , Frostad John M. , Elvira Katherine S.
Published: August 2022

Despite growing interest in droplet microfluidic methods for droplet interface bilayer (DIB) formation, there is a dearth of information regarding how phospholipids impact device function. Limited characterization has been carried out for phospholipids, either computationally (in silico) or experimentally (in situ) in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic devices, despite recent work providing a better understanding of how other surfactants behave in microfluidic systems. Hence, microfluidic device design for DIB applications relies heavily on trial and error, with many assumptions made about the impact of phospholipids on droplet formation and surface properties. Here, we examine the effects of phospholipids on interfacial tension, droplet formation, wetting, and hence device longevity, using DPhPC as the most widely used lipid for DIB formation. We use a customized COMSOL in silico model in comparison with in situ experimental data to establish that the stabilization of droplet formation seen when the lipid is dosed in the aqueous phase (lipid-in) or in the oil phase (lipid-out) is directly dependent on the effects of lipids on the device surface properties, rather than on how fast they coat the droplet. Furthermore, we establish a means to visually characterize surface property evolution in the presence of lipids and explore rates of device failure in the absence of lipid, lipid-out, and lipid-in. This first exploration of the effects of lipids on device function may serve to inform the design of microfluidic devices for DIB formation as well as to troubleshoot causes of device failure during microfluidic DIB experiments.
Impact of aperture angle on magnetostatic shielding performances of magnetic shield cylinders
Authors: Wang Lei , Zhu Jing , Zhu Lianqing , Wang Shuai
Published: August 2022

The spin exchange relaxation free (SERF) atomic magnetometer plays an important role in ultrahigh sensitive magnetic measurements. With the improvement of signal response and the reduction of sensor noise, the sensitivity of the SERF atomic magnetometer is limited mainly by environmental magnetic noise. In order to improve the performance of magnetic shielding, the models of a magnetic shielding cylinder with triangular holes were established in this paper, and the effect of aperture angle (θ) on the efficiency of shielding by a permalloy cylinder was investigated by the finite element analysis. The results showed that the shielding effectiveness decreases first and then increases with the augment of θ. The cylinder showed that the worst shielding effect at θ equals 60°, resulting from the magnetoresistance of leakage flux in the air dielectric. This research focuses on providing theoretical support for the design of magnetic shields and improvement of the magnetic shielding ability.