bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fasciola hepatica en ganado bovino de carne en Siquirres y lesiones anatomo-histopatológicas de hígados bovinos decomisados en mataderos de Costa Rica
Authors: Alpízar Carlos Ernesto , Bianque de Oliveira Jaqueline , Jiménez Ana Eugenia , Hernández Jorge , Berrocal Alexis , Romero Zúñiga Juan José
Published: October 2020

El presente estudio fue realizado con el objetivo de determinar la infección por Fasciola hepatica (F. hepatica) en una finca dedicada al ganado de carne en el cantón de Siquirres, provincia de Limón para caracterizar las lesiones más comunes de hígados parasitados, en 3 plantas de sacrificio de bovinos del país. De agosto del 2005 a agosto del 2006, fueron recolectadas muestras fecales de 577 bovinos de razas cebuinas con edades entre 6 meses y 2,5 años. Cada muestra fue sometida a la técnica coprológica de sedimentación; también se buscaron y recolectaron moluscos con el objetivo de identificar la(s) especie(s) involucrada(s) en la transmisión del parásito en la finca. Asimismo, se recolectaron muestras de hígados bovinos infectados con el parásito en 3 mataderos del Valle Central, para el análisis histopatológico. F. hepatica fue diagnosticada en 67 (11,3%) de los 577 bovinos evaluados, y el porcentaje de infección fue mayor en agosto del 2005 (31,6%) y agosto del 2006 (26,2%). Además, los animales con edades entre 18 y 24 meses mostraron mayor frecuencia de infección (19,4%), mientras que los animales de 12 a menos de 18 meses mostraron la menor frecuencia de infección (2,4%). Los caracoles identificados fueron de la especie Thiara tuberculata, que no fue identificada como vector de F. hepatica. Las principales lesiones en los hígados decomisados fueron atrofia moderada de lóbulos hepáticos, aumento de consistencia, engrosamiento de ductos hepáticos con presencia de calcificación, material mucoso y formas adultas del parásito. Histológicamente corresponden a colangiohepatitis necrótica con formación de depósitos cálcicos distróficos e hiperplasia de ductos biliares. Con base en los resultados obtenidos se pudo determinar la presencia de F. hepatica en los bovinos de la finca y de la zona, con marcado incremento de la infección en la época lluviosa, además del hallazgo colateral de Paramphistomum spp.
Caracterización del uso del suelo en las principales áreas agrícolas de la Gran Área Metropolitana (GAM) de Costa Rica
Authors: Wei-Salas Sue , Durán-Quirós Alfredo
Published: October 2020

Con el objetivo de aportar información para el ordenamiento y la planificación del uso del suelo, mediante la caracterización de su utilización en las regiones agrícolas de la Gran Área Metropolitana (GAM), se realizó una investigación entre marzo 2008 y octubre 2009, por medio de Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG). En el estudio se utilizaron imágenes aéreas correspondientes al proyecto Misión Carta capturadas entre febrero y marzo del 2005, lo que permitió identificar la distribución y extensión de los principales cultivos existentes en la GAM. Para identificar estas áreas se utilizó el método del reconocimiento remoto, el cual consiste en conocer la apariencia de un determinado cultivo en imágenes aéreas que permiten ubicar todas las áreas con aspecto similar y así identificar la adecuada diferenciación entre cultivos y usos. La información geográfica fue procesada mediante el programa de cómputo ArgGIS 9.2, el cual permitió obtener un mapa base a escala 1:12.500. El ha sido previamente desarrollada por diferentes instituciones del país, lo que permitió caracterizar la actividad agrícola de la GAM. Los resultados muestran que la actividad agrícola cubre alrededor del 24% del área total de la GAM, destacándose la producción de hortalizas, café y plantas ornamentales bajo sarán. Las hortalizas tienen la mayor importancia en extensión, ya que abarca el 52% del área agrícola de la GAM, seguidas del café con 44%, mientras que la producción de ornamentales bajo sarán representa solamente cerca del 4%. Al analizar los cambios ocurridos en la actividad agrícola de la GAM en los últimos 28 años, en el caso del café el área de producción disminuyó en 3569 ha, lo cual corresponde al 17% de las 22 545 ha identificadas en 1983.
COVID-19 e população negra
Authors: Da Conceição Silva Lúcia Isabel , Morais Eduardo Silva de , Santos Mateus Souza dos
Published: October 2020

A pandemia de COVID-19 constitui-se um desafio para a população mundial, mas pode ter efeitos diversos em grupos e contextos específicos, devido a fatores como desigualdades socioeconômicas ou racismo estrutural. Este estudo visa analisar o cenário da pandemia no Brasil, com foco na população negra e as desigualdades relacionadas. É um estudo documental e exploratório, cuja fonte são 17 (dezessete) Boletins Epidemiológicos (BE) emitidos pelo COE COVID-19, da Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde do Ministério da Saúde do Brasil, no período de 03 de abril a 25 de maio de 2020. Os resultados indicam que de início, há maior hospitalização da população branca, com queda gradual até a quase equiparação no último boletim, a mesma relação se repete nos óbitos, com a relação se modificando até que negros passam a ser a maioria. Mostram ainda que mesmo brancos sendo maioria de internações, o maior número de mortes é entre negros, mostrando a Pandemia da COVID-19 como a expressão concreta da política de morte contra a população negra no Brasil.
Palavras-chave: COVID-19; população negra; desigualdades raciais.
Pro familia et societate : wybrane zagadnienia polityki społecznej : wykłady dla studentów nauk społecznych
Authors: Mazur Jan
Published: October 2020

Książka prezentuje treści na temat wybranych zagadnień, jakie podejmuje polityka społeczna w sensie działalności praktycznej oraz dyscypliny naukowej. Jest to materiał fragmentaryczny, pomyślany jako pomoc w zajęciach dydaktycz­nych, by ułatwić uchwycenie głównego sensu, istotnej misji polityki społecznej. Rozważania dają pewne wyobrażenie współczesnych problemów społecznych dotyczących rodziny, zatrudnienia, zabezpieczenia społecznego i opieki społecz­nej, kojarząc je z zadaniami i celami polityki społecznej. Oby każdy polityk społeczny miał świadomość, że jego aktywność musi ba­zować na odpowiedniej aksjologii i etyce! W kręgu euroatlantyckiej cywilizacji oznacza to respekt dla personalizmu. Wydaje się, że dopiero w tej perspektywie można uprawiać autentyczną politykę społeczną, której podstawowym zada­niem jest to, aby każdemu człowiekowi, który jest obywatelem państwa, względ­nie członkiem społeczeństwa jako uchodźca czy zwyczajny migrant, żyło się coraz lepiej i aby wszyscy mieli poczucie bezpieczeństwa (socjalnego). Realizacja takiej strategii zakłada konieczność wysiłków wielu podmiotów ży­cia społecznego zmierzających do eliminacji zjawiska marginalizacji i dyskry­minacji, wszelkich form patologii i społecznej dezorganizacji. W szczególności chodzi o podjęcie usilnych starań na rzecz sprawiedliwości społecznej.
Ethyl Methanesulfonate (EMS) Mutation for Hyper Protease Production by Bacillus subtilis E6-5 and Optimization of Culture Conditions
Authors: DEMİRKAN Elif , ÖZDEMİR Kübra
Published: October 2020

In this study is aimed the improvement of Bacillus subtilis E6-5 for high protease production by EMS treatment as chemical mutagen. The 82 mutants were screened on skim milk agar plates and, the mutant with maximum protease activity was named KE20. The mutant was quantitatively tested, and showed 9.2 times more protease activity than the parental strain. The effects of nutritional and physical factors on the protease production of mutant KE20 were investigated. The best carbon and nitrogen sources were corn starch and skim milk. No effect was observed when metal ions were used alone. In the physical parameters, the best results were obtained at 37°C, pH 7.0, 150 rpm, 3% as inoculum size and 18 has inoculum age. A new medium was made by optimizing the incubation conditions and enzyme yield enhanced 79% compared to basal medium. The mutant KE20 strain may have a prominent potential for protease production on an industrial scale.
Personality factors in heart transplant recipients
Authors: Simonenko M. A. , Fedotov P. A. , Shirobokova P. V. , Sazonova Yu. V. , Bortsova M. A. , Berezina A. V. , Karpenko M. A.
Published: October 2020

Objective: to assess the personal psychological profile of heart transplant recipients as the first stage in the development of post-transplant personalized rehabilitation programs. Materials and methods. From January 2010 to July 2019, 129 HTs were performed (mean age 46.6 ± 14.1 years; 74% (n = 95) were men, 26% (n = 34) were women). All patients in the heart transplant waiting list were examined by a clinical psychologist and a psychotherapist to exclude contraindications to transplant surgery. To assess personal traits, we used the standard multifactorial questionnaire by Cattell R., 16 PF (version A), which included 187 questions. Heart transplantation and absence of post-transplant severe cognitive impairments were the selection criteria for this study. Patients were surveyed before they were discharged from the hospital – 30–60 days following HT: during the period of complete recovery after surgery. In the present study, a retrospective assessment of the results was performed in 107 patients (n = 76 – men; n = 31 – women). Results. Analysis of the personality portrait revealed that over half of recipients were reserved, distant (factor A – schizothymia) and restrained (factor F – restraint; F2 – introvert; F4 – conforming) with lower mental capacity (factor B), and were shy, timid (factor H), with low super ego (factor G: irresponsible, tolerates disorder, flexible, open to change). Our results showed that 47% of patients (n = 18 out of 38 patients, n = 22 are pensioners) with a weak degree of factor C (reactive, affected by feelings) are workers to 42% (n = 29 out of 69, n = 28 – retirees) with a strong degree of the same factor. One year after HT, the number of physically active patients was higher among those with low anxiety compared with high anxiety (41% (18 of 44) and 32% (20 of 63), respectively, p = 0.41). Conclusion. Personality factors are non-modifiable characteristics of patients. They affect human behavior, return to work and to social life, as well as physical and psychological recovery from HT. Knowing the personal traits of recipients would allow to develop a personalized approach to their rehabilitation and a technique for timely examination after HT.
Slope of Kidney Function and Its Association with Longitudinal Mortality and Cardiovascular Disease among Individuals with CKD
Authors: Orlandi Paula F. , Xie Dawei , Yang Wei , Cohen Jordana B. , Deo Rajat , Ricardo Ana C. , Schrauben Sarah , Wang Xue , Hamm L. Lee , He Jiang , Sondheimer James H. , Kallem Krishna , Townsend Raymond , Raj Dominic , Parsa Afshin , Anderson Amanda H. , Feldman Harold I. ,   the CRIC Study Investigators
Published: October 2020

Significance Statement

Among individuals with CKD, decreases in eGFR, or increases that are steeper than the average loss, have been associated with increased risks of death and cardiovascular events. Sarcopenia and chronic illness might explain why apparent eGFR improvement relates to poor outcomes. The authors investigated the association between slopes of eGFR (defined with yearly eGFR) and the risks of death and cardiovascular events in a prospective cohort of adults with CKD. They found that declines in eGFR greater than the average eGFR loss were associated with increased risks of death and cardiovascular events, despite multiple adjustments. However, neither rises in eGFR nor losses smaller than the average eGFR loss were associated with increases in such risks. These findings suggest that, in CKD, improving eGFR might not be associated with concerning outcomes.

Background

Slopes of eGFR have been associated with increased risks of death and cardiovascular events in a U-shaped fashion. Poor outcomes in individuals with rising eGFR are potentially attributable to sarcopenia, hemodilution, and other indicators of clinical deterioration.

Methods

To investigate the association between eGFR slopes and risks of death or cardiovascular events, accounting for multiple confounders, we studied 2738 individuals with moderate to severe CKD participating in the multicenter Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study. We used linear, mixed-effects models to estimate slopes with up to four annual eGFR assessments, and Cox proportional hazards models to investigate the association between slopes and the risks of death and cardiovascular events.

Results

Slopes of eGFR had a bell-shaped distribution (mean [SD], −1.5 [−2] ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year). Declines of eGFR that were steeper than the average decline associated with progressively increasing risks of death (hazard ratio [HR], 1.23; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.09 to 1.39; for a slope 1 SD below the average) and cardiovascular events (HR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.38). Rises of eGFR or declines lower than the average decline were not associated with the risk of death or cardiovascular events.

Conclusions

In a cohort of individuals with moderate to severe CKD, we observed steep declines of eGFR were associated with progressively increasing risks of death and cardiovascular events; however, we found no increased risks associated with eGFR improvement. These findings support the potential value of eGFR slopes in clinical assessment of adults with CKD.
Smelting of steel semi-product in BOF and EAF under magnesian slags
Authors: Babenko A. A. , Smirnov L. A. , Protopopov E. V. , Mikhailova L. Yu.
Published: October 2020

Basics for the development of a rational composition of the main magnesian slags and technological methods for their formation according to the periods of BOF bath blowing and the periods of smelting in EAF are the results of fundamental studies of the slags physicochemical properties. Implementation in the converter shop of OJSC “EVRAZ NTMK” of a developed set of technological methods of magnesian slags formation in the main period of blowing and a wearresistant skull on the basis of magnesian final slags ensured record durability of converter linings. These slags have low aggressive effect on the lining of converters, while maintaining high refining properties. The durability of the converters’ lining exceeds 7000 heats, while maintaining high technological and technical-economic indicators of the process. During heats of low manganese cast irons in 350-metric ton heavy converters of JSC “EVRAZ ZSMK” under magnesian slags, the features of slag formation and changes in chemical composition of the slag were studied by the periods of the BOF bath blowing. During the process stage of phosphorous cast irons in 300-metric ton BOF at JSC “ArcelorMittal Temirtau”, a set of technological methods was developed for the formation of magnesian slags of the recommended chemical composition by the periods of phosphorus cast irons blowing and wear-resistant skulls based on final magnesian slags of moderate basicity. The implementation of the developed technological methods ensured the lining stability of BOF of more than 5 000 heats while maintaining high technological, technical and economic indicators of phosphorous process stage. In the EAF shop of PJSC “Seversky Pipe Plant” a technology for the formation of magnesian slags of rational composition was developed over the smelting periods in EAF-135. Introduction of the technology ensured the record resistance of the refractory lining of the furnace up to 1900 heats per campaign and high level of technological and technical-economic indicators of the process.
Possibility of using yttrium oxide powder as a strengthening phase for centrifugal casting of corrosion-resistant steels
Authors: Chumanov I. V. , Chumanov V. I.
Published: October 2020

The authors have made an analysis of necessity to improve the composition of the existing structural materials for critical purposes in the direction of creating metal matrix materials, which combine a highly plastic metal base and refractory high-strength high-modulus fillers. For iron matrix alloys, dispersed yttrium oxide (Y2O3 ) particles are preferred because of their stability at pyrometallurgical process temperatures and inertness to alloy components. The technology of obtaining new materials by introducing dispersed particles into a liquid melt during casting using a centrifugal casting machine to obtain a hollow (pipe) billet is considered. The possibility of increasing the mechanical and operational properties of metal matrix materials in comparison with monomaterial is shown. The article describes results of the thermodynamic modeling of high-temperature processes occurring in the yttrium oxide - metal matrix (melt) system. Modeling was carried out using the FactSage software package. A composition corresponding to 12Cr18Ni10Ti steel was used as the modeling composition of the matrix material. The calculations were made according to the ratio of 1 g of yttrium oxide additive per 100 g of matrix metal melt. From the simulation results it is possible to conclude that the introduced dispersed yttrium oxide powder does not interact with the alloy components, does not dissociate, and does not undergo allotropic transformations. The expediency of conducting experiments on the production of centrifugal castings using yttrium oxide as a hardening phase with the aim of a possible increase in radiation resistance is shown. Directions are indicated for developing the most effective technology for creating metallic materials based on an iron matrix dispersed-hardened by yttrium oxide.
Liquid-phase boriding of high-chromium steel
Authors: Ivanov Yu. F. , Gromov V. E. , Romanov D. A. , Ivanova O. V , Teresov A. D.
Published: October 2020

Using the methods of modern physical materials science, structuralphase states and tribological properties of 12Kh18N10T steel, subjected to electroexplosive alloying with titanium and boron and subsequent electron-beam processing in various modes depending on electron beam energy density, exposure pulse duration and their quantity have been analyzed. It has been established that electroexplosive alloying of steel with titanium and boron leads to formation of surface layer with multiphase submicro-nanocrystalline structure, characterized by presence of micropores, microcracks, and microcraters. Complex processing, combining electroexplosive alloying and subsequent irradiation with high-intensity pulsed electron beam, leads to formation of 60 μm thick multiphase submicro-nanocrystalline surface layer. It is shown that phase composition of surface layer of steel is determined by mass ratio of titanium and boron during electroexplosive alloying. Microhardness of modified layer is defined by relative mass fraction of titanium borides in surface layer and can be more than 18 times higher than microhardness of steel in its initial state (before electroexplosive alloying). Modes of complex processing have been determined at which surface layer containing exclusively titanium borides and intermetallic compounds based on titanium and iron is formed. The maximum (approximately 82 % by weight) titanium boride content is observed when steel is processed at regime with the highest mass of boron powder in the sample (mB = 87.5 mg; mTi /mB = 5.202). With decrease in mass of boron powder, relative content of borides in surface layer of steel decreases. It was found that integrated processing of steel is accompanied by sevenfold increase in microhardness of surface layer, wear resistance of steel increases by more than nine times.
Selective reduction of iron and phosphorus from oolitic ore
Authors: Salikhov S. P. , Suleimen B. , Roshchin V. E.
Published: October 2020

Possibility of selective solid-phase reduction of iron from oolitic ore has been experimentally confirmed. Solid phase reduction was carried out at temperatures of 850 and 1000 °C in CO atmosphere and in the mixture with solid carbon. Distribution of iron and phosphorus was investigated with scanning electron microscope. It was found that at temperature of 1000 °C minimum amount of phosphorus (up to 0.3 %) is transformed into the metallic phase at reduction by carbon monoxide. Upon reduction in mixture of ore with carbon, phosphorus content in metal phase reaches 1.0 – 1.3 % evenat temperature of 850 °C. Thermodynamic modeling of the processes occurring during reductive roasting of oolitic ore was carried out depending on temperature (1000 – 1400 K) and amount of carbon in the system. It is shown that reduction temperature and degree of phosphorus reduction vary depending on ratio of CO and CO2 in the gas phase. At temperatures below 892 °C, phosphorus is not reduced and all iron is in metal phase. With an increase in amount of carbon in the system, phosphorus appears in metal phase. With an excess of carbon in the system, all phosphorus is in metal phase at temperature of 892 °С. Thus, with a certain amount of carbon in the system and, correspondingly, with a certain ratio of CO and CO2 in gas phase, selective reduction of iron is possible without phosphorus reduction even at temperature of 1100 °С. Comparison of experimental results with results of thermodynamic calculation confirms possibility of se selective reduction of iron without phosphorus reduction only by carbon monoxide.
Proceso de creación de empresas de productos agroecológicos y consumo responsable en Yucatán
Authors: Blanco-Gregory Rocío , López-Canto Leonor
Published: October 2020

Frente al fenómeno de la globalización y a los evidentes estragos causados al medio ambiente y a las economías locales por las acciones depredadoras de las grandes corporaciones, han surgido en las últimas décadas iniciativas en diferentes países que se presentan como una alternativa al paradigma predominante, basado en el modelo neoliberal, y que buscan impulsar el desarrollo desde un enfoque territorial mediante la recuperación de los espacios de intercambio económico por los actores locales, como estrategia para contribuir a la regeneración del tejido social. Aun cuando existen diversos tipos de emprendimientos locales, en Yucatán, y dentro de una corriente de consumo conocida como slow food, desde el año 2008 se ha desarrollado un movimiento que agrupa a emprendedores locales que ofrecen de manera directa productos naturales a los que han incorporado, si bien en grados diferenciados, la visión de la sustentabilidad, es decir, productos agroecológicos. Estas iniciativas no pretenden competir en los grandes circuitos productivos sino que han encontrado un nicho de mercado, representado por un tipo de consumidores con un perfil diferente de los consumidores tradicionales, y que se inscriben dentro de la corriente del denominado «consumo responsable». Dentro de este contexto, resulta pertinente indagar acerca de las iniciativas emprendedoras de los productores que participan en el movimiento slow food en Yucatán, con el fin de tener un primer acercamiento a las características que distinguen este tipo particular de emprendimientos. Por lo anterior, el objetivo de este trabajo es describir las características del proceso de creación de empresas, así como identificar los factores clave que estimulan o inhiben las capacidades empresariales de los emprendedores pertenecientes al movimiento slow food en Yucatán
Microemprendimientos en agricultura ecológica y mercado Slow Food
Authors: Blanco-Gregory Rocío , Martínez-Quintana Mª Violante , Sanagustín-Fons Mª Victoria
Published: October 2020

En este artículo se presenta una investigación de carácter cualitativo que se ha llevado a cabo sobre una amplia muestra de microemprendedores en el estado mexicano de Yucatán; los cuales, motivados por el consumo de productos saludables y de carácter orgánico en el campo de la agroecología, se han iniciado en sus negocios, basados, principalmente, en la producción y comercialización de este tipo de productos de origen ganadero o agrícola, pero fundamentalmente de este último. En concreto, se quiere exponer, más detalladamente, la opinión que tienen estos microemprendedores agroecológicos sobre los productores de su entorno, es decir, sobre la competencia en el mercado yucateco, indagando, asimismo, en relación con la existencia de redes sociales e interacción social entre los emprendedores, y con las formas de cooperación que existen entre unos y otros.
Reseña del libro CHAUBET, F. (2014): Michel Crozier. Réformer la société française. París: Les Belles Lettres, p.336.
Authors: Urteaga Eguzki
Published: October 2020

Reseña del libro CHAUBET, F. (2014): Michel Crozier. Réformer la société française. París: Les Belles Lettres, p.336
Gestión de políticas de sostenibilidad en organizaciones académicas: El caso de la Universidad de Extremadura
Authors: Robina-Ramírez Rafael , Moreno Luna Libertad
Published: October 2020

El objetivo de esta investigación es conocer las actuales políticas de sostenibilidad en la Universidad y proponer un nuevo modelo que contribuya a aumentar la conciencia medioambiental de los alumnos de la universidad las áreas de economía y empresa. Para desarrollar la conciencia medioambiental entre estudiantes (DCM) se han determinado 3 factores a partir de un proceso de análisis y validación de variables entre estudiantes universitarios. Estos factores son: la Formación de profesores en sostenibilidad (FPS), actividades de concienciación medioambiental (ACM) e incorporación de competencias medioambientales transversales (CMT). La metodología aplicada para analizar el modelo estructural fue el Modelo de Ecuación Estructural (SEM) a través del paquete informático SmartPls-3. La muestra estaba formada por 420 estudiantes pertenecientes a las Facultades de Económicas y la Facultad de Empresa, Finanzas y Turismo de la Universidad de Extremadura. Los resultados de la encuesta arrojan datos que justifican la introducción de políticas de sostenibilidad en la Universidad tanto a nivel profesorado como alumno. Dichas políticas deberían resaltar la importancia de dotar de contenido a la competencia transversal dirigida a la protección medioambiental entre los futuros empresarios de nuestro país.
DNA Extraction from Sterivex Filters v1
Authors: Neil Thornton Christopher , Brazelton William
Published: October 2020

Modified 2015 by the Brazelton Lab from protocols by Rika Anderson, Colleen Kellogg, Julie Huber, and Byron Crump. Incorporated some recommendations from Lever et al. (2015) Frontiers in Microbiology doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00476.
Isolation of green algal symbionts from freshwater sponges and subsequent reinfection of sponge tissues v1
Authors: Hill April , Nguyen Ivy , Malcolm Hill not provided
Published: October 2020

A variety of green algal species form intracellular symbioses with freshwater sponges. These sponges and their algal symbionts play important roles in freshwater ecosystems and provide a model for asking questions about freshwater endosymbioses involving heterotrophic animal hosts in mutalistic relationships with photosynthesizing algae. The freshwater sponge Ephydatia muelleri, for example, has a fully sequenced chromosomal level genome as well as many features that make it ammenable to cellular and molecular studies. Here, we provide a simple protocol for isolating green algae from freshwater sponge host tissues. In most cases, microalgae can be cultured outside of the host in commericially available algal medium and on agar substrates. We also describe methods for infecting algal-free sponges hatched from gemmules to establish stable symbioses in juvenile sponges.
Exportação de água virtual: a pegada hídrica no agronegócio do mamão produzido no Ceará
Authors: Rocha Sérgio Rodrigues , Duarte Paulo Henrique Girão , Campos José Nilson Bezerra , Studart Ticiana Marinho de Carvalho
Published: October 2020

Água virtual é o volume de recursos hídricos usado, direta e indiretamente, para a produção de mercadorias e serviços. Os altos consumos de água nas atividades agrícolas acarretam a necessidade de estimar as demandas desse recurso natural, com o fim de instituir medidas adequadas para seu manejo. A pegada hídrica (PH) é um indicador multidimensional que avalia a utilização da água doce. A PH não se refere somente à utilização direta de recursos hídricos, por um produtor ou consumidor, mas, igualmente, ao uso indireto. Este estudo quantifica e compara as PHs verde, azul, cinza e total da produção de mamão, considerando-se os 22 mais importantes municípios produtores no Ceará, de 1974 a 2016. Foram examinadas as variações no espaço geográfico cearense e características estruturais das PHs. A PH total do mamão apresenta média anual de 535,63 m3/t. A PH total foi menor no município de Aracati e maior em Tianguá. As PHs verde, azul e cinza representam, respectivamente, 17,02%, 77,06% e 5,92% da PH Total. O Ceará exportou 328,47 x 106 m3 de água virtual, embutida na cadeia produtiva do mamão, de 1997 a 2016. A análise dos arranjos espaciais dos componentes das PHs pode auxiliar na escolha, no processo de tomada de decisão, da melhor alocação da produção de mamão entre os municípios. O entendimento dos processos de trocas com águas virtuais pode aprimorar políticas públicas para a gestão de águas no Semiárido.
Marketing ambiental: o apelo verde de produtos certificados e a percepção dos consumidores
Authors: Veiga Neto Alípio Ramos , Silva Arthur William Pereira da , Caldas Márcia Vieira de Alencar , Barreto Laís Karla da Silva , El-Aouar Walid Abbas
Published: October 2020

Considerando a expansão do nicho do consumo sustentável a nível global, e a importância do marketing ambiental conseguir transmitir para os consumidores sustentáveis a imagem de uma empresa engajada com a sustentabilidade, bem como de que seus produtos são sustentáveis, para o êxito nesse mercado, diversas estratégias de promoção podem ser adotadas para tal finalidade. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi identificar as estratégias de marketing ambiental praticadas, e a percepção dos empresários em relação ao comportamento dos consumidores frente a essas estratégias, na cidade de Natal-RN. O estudo partiu de uma abordagem qualitativa, com amostragem por conveniência e não probabilística por meio da qual profissionais da área de gestão participaram de entrevistas em profundidade, escolhidos por estarem associados ao trabalho com produtos certificados e estratégias de marketing ambiental nas respectivas atuações no município de Natal-RN. Quanto aos resultados e conclusões, as entrevistas evidenciaram que entre as principais estratégias de marketing ambiental adotadas pelas empresas representadas ou assistidas pelos entrevistados, a mais utilizada é de fato a certificação ambiental, ou a adoção de selos verdes. Quanto a percepção dos empresários, gestores e consultores entrevistados, em relação ao comportamento dos consumidores frente a estratégia da certificação ambiental, de acordo com estes, por mais que esta seja importante para comunicar a procedência dos produtos e ações da empresa, no sentido da sustentabilidade, segundo sua visão, os consumidores ainda não percebem a certificação como um diferencial de relevância para influenciar a sua decisão de compra, isso por ainda não possuírem uma adequada compreensão da importância de tal selo.
Evolução e perspectivas do setor eólico no Brasil: análise dos principais estados produtores
Authors: Agra Neto João , Queiroz Fernanda Cristina Barbosa Pereira , Queiroz Jamerson Viegas , Lima Nilton Cesar , Silva Christian Luiz da
Published: October 2020

Este artigo propõe analisar a evolução do setor eólico no Brasil, resgatando as políticas públicas de incentivo ao setor, e apresentar tendências para o futuro, destacando a participação dos Estados brasileiros na produção e comercialização da energia eólica. Foi proposto um campo empírico de análise com base em investigação das regiões de maior expressividade produtiva, com uma abordagem qualitativa aos moldes descritivos, perfazendo o campo de uma predição de tendência para o setor. Dados os destaques aos programas governamentais que incentivaram o avanço da energia eólica e aos mecanismos de compra de energia por meio de leilões, observou-se que a região Nordeste, especificamente os Estados do Rio Grande do Norte e a Bahia, concentra a maior parte dos parques eólicos e capacidade instalada. Isso se deve aos incentivos públicos dotados no setor, associados às condições climáticas das regiões e às correntes de ventos. A tendência observada pode ser atribuída de diversas possibilidades, que se somada tanto a fatores endógenos quanto exógenos, ou seja, estímulos estrangeiros em ampliação do uso pela energia limpa com fatores climáticos e econômicos internos no país, este último amparado por apoios governamentais, tornará a fonte predominante no fornecimento de energia elétrica por fontes limpas e renováveis, capaz de reestruturar no longo prazo a cadeia consumidora pela sua amplitude comercial a preços acessíveis e tecnologias de produção e distribuição a um curso disruptivo.
Desenvolvimento da cultura do milho e carbono orgânico total sob diferentes fontes de adubos
Authors: Silva Luana Fernanda Pereira da , Rosset Jean Sérgio , Ozório Jefferson Matheus Barros , Castilho Selene Cristina de Pierri , Marra Leandro Marciano
Published: October 2020

Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o desenvolvimento inicial da cultura do milho adubado com diferentes fontes de adubos, e quantificar os teores de carbono orgânico total (COT) do solo. O experimento foi conduzido em vasos, com sete tratamentos e cinco repetições. Os tratamentos foram: adubo mineral (AM), adubo organomineral (AO), esterco bovino (EB), cama de frango (CF), lodo de esgoto (LE), compost barn (CB) e sem adubação (SA). As avaliações foram: altura de planta, diâmetro basal do caule e número de folhas aos 15, 30, 45 e 60 dias após semeadura (DAS), além de comprimento de raiz, volume de raiz, massa seca de parte aérea e raiz, e cálculo de massa seca (MS) por hectare aos 60 DAS, sendo também quantificado o COT do solo após a condução do experimento. O tratamento com AM apresentou maiores valores para altura de planta e diâmetro do caule até os 30 DAS, porém aos 60 DAS as plantas que receberam AO e EB apresentaram maior altura e maior diâmetro de caule, respectivamente. Os tratamentos AM, EB e CF obtiveram produção de MS acima de 3000 kg ha-1, já o LE e SA proporcionaram menor desenvolvimento das plantas. O solo que recebeu CF apresentou maior teor COT, de 13,00 g kg-1, e o solo SA e que recebeu aplicação de AM os menores teores de COT. A CF e EB demonstraram resultados semelhantes à AM para a maioria dos atributos morfobiométricos avaliados, contribuindo também para o aumento do COT do solo.
Consumo de folhas de diferentes espécies arbóreas pelo diplópode Trigoniulus corallinus
Authors: Bugni Nathalia Oliveira Cruz , Antunes Luiz Fernando de Sousa , Guerra José Guilherme Marinho , Correia Maria Elizabeth Fernandes
Published: October 2020

O descarte e a incineração de resíduos vegetais oriundos das podas de espécies arbóreas geram impactos ambientais. Com o intuito de mitigar estes impactos, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o consumo de diferentes folhas de espécies arbóreas pelo diplópode Trigoniulus corallinus (Gervais), a fim de determinar quais espécies vegetais da arborização urbana do munícipio do Rio de Janeiro seriam mais indicadas à gongocompostagem. Foram realizados bioensaios de mensuração do consumo de folhas e produção de coprólitos pelo T. corallinus em dois experimentos distintos, sendo o primeiro composto por 17 espécies arbóreas mais representativas no município do Rio de Janeiro e o segundo com duas espécies escolhidas a partir do primeiro experimento, o qual apresentou valores médios superiores em consumo, produção de coprólitos e sobrevivência para a espécie Delonix regia (Flamboyant) e os menores valores de produção de coprólitos e sobrevivência para Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Orelha-de-negro). O delineamento experimental adotado nos bioensaios foi o inteiramente casualizado. Os indivíduos de T. corallinus consumiram as folhas de todas as espécies arbóreas em ambos os bioensaios. Diplópodes da espécie T. corallinus são capazes de ingerir e transformar folhas e galhos finos de diferentes espécies arbóreas em coprólitos, porém, o consumo e a mortalidade dos indivíduos estão relacionados às características químicas inerentes a cada espécie arbórea
To operative treatment of high vesicovaginal fistulas
Authors: Gubarev A. P.
Published: October 2020

All known difficulties, which sometimes come across when suturing high-located vesicovaginal fistulas, especially in those cases, when the upper edge of the fistula consists of the anterior lip of the vaginal part of the uterus.
The volume of complications during the healing of the abdominal wound: after the wounds.
Authors: Soloviev A. N.
Published: October 2020

Въ № 21 "Med. Review " 1892 and in number 1 "Zhurn. Akush. and Zhensk. sick. ", there are descriptions of cases of laparotomy produced in our private hospital since the day of its opening. There were nine cases in total. Zatѣm in number 11 Med. Review " for 1894, the tenth case was described, which was of interest in the sense of the difficulty of diagnosis and complicated by an umbilical hernia.
Kъ uchіi about the prevention of infants in nursing
Authors: Soloviev G. A.
Published: October 2020

(Medical Notes, 1895, No. 12, p. 240). According to the author, the disease of the mammary glands in nursing women depends either on abrasions and injuries of the nipple, or on local stagnation in the gland of its detached.
A case of vaginal extirpation of a cancerous-born uterus
Authors: Smirnov N. I.
Published: October 2020

(Medical Review, 1895, No. 20, p. 715). The case does not represent any peculiarities (the patient is 37 years old; cervical cancer), ended favorably.
Два случая эклампсіи во время беременности
Authors: Paoli Gugliemo
Published: October 2020

(Annali di ost. E ginec., Agosto, 1894). De Paoli reports on two cases of eclampsia during pregnancy: in a woman who was multiplying for 8 months, and in a young woman of 22 years old, who took the first socket, who developed eclampsia. seizures also on the 8th month, with which a block was found in the urine in a huge amount.
Clinical profile of thrombocytopenia in tropical infectious diseases
Authors: Kothari Jaini S. , Shah Archana N. , Prajapati Rajal B.
Published: October 2020

Background: In an infant or child thrombocytopenia can occur due to large spectrum of illness ranging from tropical infection to malignancy or bone marrow failure. Management is decided by the severity of thrombocytopenia, associated risk factors and underlying illness. Children with thrombocytopenia may be asymptomatic – detected by complete blood count for some other clinical issue or symptomatic-presenting with mucosal and/or cutaneous bleeding and rarely central nervous system bleed. Aim of this research is to study the distribution of patients with thrombocytopenia, their grading according to platelet counts and etiology with special focus to infective causes, other complications in these infections and recovery from thrombocytopenia.Methods: This is an observational analytical retrospective study. 100 randomly selected pediatric patients (6 months to 12 years) admitted in pediatric ward with documented thrombocytopenia (platelet count <150,000/ul) on admission or at any point of time during hospitalisation are enrolled and analyzed.Results: 91% patients have thrombocytopenia associated with infective causes, of which 44% have dengue. 7 patients in study have bleeding manifestations and 3 required platelet transfusion. 50% patients with dengue with thrombocytopenia have leucopenia and 2% have pancytopenia. 57.1% patients with enteric fever with thrombocytopenia show elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. Mean platelet recovery time is 2 to 4 days for various infections.Conclusions: Majority of patients do not have bleeding manifestations, and they are mainly seen with severe thrombocytopenia associated with infections. Requirement of platelet transfusion is not common and is seen only in patients with severe thrombocytopenia with significant bleeding manifestation.
Efeito da Cultura Nacional na Responsabilidade Social Corporativa
Authors: Batistella Ana Julia , Mazzioni Sady , Baú Dal Magro Cristian
Published: October 2020

A literatura reconhece diversos fatores endógenos e exógenos influenciando o comportamento e o desempenho das empresas em Responsabilidade Social Corporativa (RSC). O objetivo do estudo é analisar o efeito da cultura (Dimensões de Hofstede) na Responsabilidade Social Corporativa nos países pertencentes ao BRIC. A amostra compreendeu 397 empresas do Brasil, Rússia, Índia e China, utilizando-se dos testes estatísticos Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Kruskall-Wallis e Mann-Whitney para análise dos resultados. Os achados apontam que as dimensões culturais de Individualismo, Distância do Poder, Indulgência e Orientação à Longo Prazo não se mostraram estatisticamente significativas. Enquanto, o indicador de Masculinidade se mostrou negativamente significativo, demonstrando que em países com culturas masculinas as empresas apresentam menor desempenho em RSC. E a dimensão Aversão à Incerteza, se mostrou positivamente relacionada, indicando que empresas localizadas em países com maior aversão à incerteza, possuem maior propensão de envolvimento com RSC. Adicionalmente, aspectos internos como: Tamanho, BigFour, Crescimento de Vendas e Roa também se mostraram fatores explicativos para o desempenho em RSC. O estudo contribui para pesquisadores, analistas e gestores de empresas atuantes no ramo internacional, considerando que se aprofunda a discussão sobre fatores que impactam no processo de implementação e divulgação da Responsabilidade Social Corporativa, o que possibilita melhor atendimento as expectativas das partes interessadas na Responsabilidade Social, considerando as diferenças culturais que podem permitir maior conhecimento para a adequação em mercados distintos. Com base nos resultados, é possível traçar estratégias diferenciadas de atuação para os diferentes mercados, o que proporciona maior confiança aos gestores e segurança aos stakeholders.
Can we detect Gaussian curvature by counting paths and measuring their length?
Authors: Cano Leonardo , Carrillo Sergio
Published: October 2020

The aim of this paper is to associate a measure for certain sets ofpaths in the Euclidean planeR2with fixed starting and ending points. Then,working on parameterized surfaces with a specific Riemannian metric, wedefine and calculate the integral of the length over the set ofpaths obtainedas the image of the initial paths inR2under the given parameterization.Moreover, we prove that this integral is given by the averageof the lengthsof the external paths times the measure of the set of paths if,and only if, thesurface has Gaussian curvature equal to zero.
Ontologies, Intersubjective Management and V.A. Vittikh’s Evergetics
Authors:   Samara Federal Research Scientific Center RAS, Institute for the Control of Complex Systems RAS, Samara, Russia, Borovik S.Yu.
Published: October 2020

This year we celebrated the 80th anniversary since the birth of the famous scientist, talented pedagogue, accomplished jazz musician and composer, professor Vittikh Vladimir Andreevitch. Successfully combining the style of scientific thinking and the breadth of creative flight, Vladimir Andreevitch in science, as well as in music, appreciated inspiration, excitement and improvisation. He was always full of new ideas and inspired his colleagues and disciples. The last years of his life the scientist dedicated to the formation and development of a new science about the management processes – evergetics that complements and expands the capabilities of the traditional systematic approach to the resolving the problem situations in the life of society. For the first time the article attempts to analyze the V.A. Vittikh’s theoretical legacy, considering the modern realities and ideas that are being laid in the model of a new economic order, better known as the superintelligent "Society 5.0". It is shown, that V.A. Vittikh anticipated a lot of things that are only now being reflected in the concept of "Society 5.0" and his innovative ideas can serve as a theoretical basis, a stepping-stone for overcoming the famous "five walls" on the way to the digital society of the future. It is noted that the desire to "digitalize" everything and everyone often happens in oblivion of what, or rather for the benefit of whom, the new information technologies should be created and used. In this sense, V.A. Vittikh's evergetics eliminates one of the most "bottlenecks" associated with the often weak adequacy of the decisions made to the realities of the life. At the same time the modern information and intelligent technologies, including ontological modeling and ontological data analysis form the technological basis of evergetics, providing a "conjugation" of the points of view of the participants in the decisionmaking process and a certain automation of their communicative actions. Examples of the first practical attempts to implement the main ideas and provisions of evergetics in the management of social processes in society are given.
Community Preparation in Tangse District in Flash Flood Disaster Mitigation
Authors: Martini Martini , Azmeri Azmeri , Sugiyanto Didik
Published: October 2020

This study aims to determine the Tangse community preparedness in mitigation of flood disasters. The research design used in this study is a qualitative research design . Data analysis is performed using three activities that occur simultaneously, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions or verification, or can also use words to describe facts and observed phenomena. Based on the results of research and discussion, it can be concluded that in terms of the knowledge and attitude of the Tangse community it is already good where the community already knows the signs of flash floods and the environment is vulnerable to disasters. But it is still very lacking in terms of regulations and policies. Regulations that have not been implemented properly, as well as sanctions for illegal loggers involving law enforcement officials.
Symbolic Convergence and Community Based Tourism
Authors: Nugraheni Bernadette Dian , Nurhaeni Ismi Dwi Astuti , Rahmanto Andre Noevi
Published: October 2020

Based on Statistics Indonesia (BPS) data in 2018, Indonesian tourism villages have reached 1,734. It indicates that rural communities are significantly involved in the development, especially in the tourism sector. Tourism development based on the community is known as community-based tourism (CBT). During this tourism 4.0 era, CBT is required to use Information, Communication, and Technology (ICT). Previous research suggests that e-CBT is the precise form of involving CBT in the digitalization of the promotion, marketing, information exchange, and management aspects. There is a fantasy illustrating that e-CBT is a form of sustainability in confronting tourism 4.0. The focus of this research is CBT in rural areas or village communities that synergize tourism village management using ICT. The research method used is qualitative with a single case study approach. The theory used is the symbolic convergence theory to explain the dramatizing messages that occur in e-CBT. The results show that e-CBT used imaginative language in the form of wordplays so as to bring awareness to maintain local wisdom. Moreover, it was found that the role of social media started to be considered by the village community besides as a means of information exchange.
User Satisfaction as a Mediating Variable between Information Quality and the Conative Use of Annual Tax Reporting E-Filing System
Authors: Christanti Rossalina
Published: October 2020

The usage of information technology and communication in tax reporting system in Indonesia has increased, especially when we are all facing the global pandemic issue. This study aims to examine the effect of user satisfaction as a mediating variable on causal relationship between information quality and  conative use of information technology. Drawing upon sample of 147 tax staff as a representative of corporate taxpayer, Sobel Test and Ordinary Least Square regression were used to test the hypotheses. This study suggests that user satisfaction acted as a mediating variable between information quality and conative use of e-filing tax reporting system.