bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shanidar Cave - An Interesting Archaeological Site in the Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Authors: Sissakian Varoujan
Published: December 2019

Shanidar Cave is one of the most well-known caves in Iraqi Kurdistan Region. It is an archaeological site located within Bradost Mountain north of Erbil city. Eleven skeletons of Neanderthals, have been found within the cave dating back to 65000 – 35000 years, they were called Shanidar (1 – 11). The cave also contains two later "proto-Neolithic" cemeteries.
Implementation of Hydraulic Fracturing Operation for a Reservoir in KRG
Authors: Humoodi Akram , Hamoudi Maha , Sarbast Rasan
Published: December 2019

This study focuses on procedures to enhance permeability and flow rate for a low permeability formation by creating a conductive path using the hydraulic fracturing model. Well data are collected from the Qamchuqa KRG oil field formation. A Fracpro simulator is used for modelling the hydraulic fracturing process in an effective way. The study focuses on an effective hydraulic fracturing design procedure and the parameters affecting the fracture design. Optimum design of fracturing is achieved by selecting the proper fracturing fluid with a suitable proppant carried in a slurry, determining the formation fracturing pressure, selection of a fracture propagation fluid, and also a good proppant injection schedule, using a high pump rate and good viscosity. Permeability and conductivity are calculated before and after applying the hydraulic fracturing. Fracture height, length, and width are calculated from the Fracpro software, among other parameters, and the production rate changes. From the results, it is observed that by using hydraulic fracturing technology, production will increase and permeability will be much higher. The original formation permeability is 2.55 md, and after treatment, the average fracture conductivity has significantly increased to 1742.3 md-ft. The results showed that average fracture width is 0.187 inch. The proppant used in this treatment has a permeability of 122581 md. The suitable fluid choice is hyper with an apparent viscosity of 227.95 cp, and the proper proppant type is Brady sand with a conductivity of 2173.41 md-ft. Fracture orientation from the Khurmala oil field in Kurdistan is vertical fractures produced at a depth of 1868 m. Fracture half-length, total fracture height, and average fracture width are 220 ft, 42 ft, and 0.47 inch, respectively. After fracturing, the maximum and average area of fracture are 33.748 and 17.248 ft2, respectively. The recommended pump hydraulic horse power is 3200 HHP, and the total required fluid is 1076.3 bbl. In this study, hydraulic fracture is designed, and then, it has been analyzed after that production is optimized.
Las fabulaciones de Maqroll el gaviero: narración y desesperanza en la obra de Álvaro Mutis
Authors: Rojas Arana María Eugenia
Published: December 2019

Fabulaciónes de Maqroll, el Gaviero. Narración y desesperanza en la obra de Álvaro Mutis, aparte de ser un libro bien escrito, es una interesante reflexión sobre uno de los personajes más tristes de la literatura hispanoamericana. Fabio Martínez Maqroll el gaviero, abordado por la guionista y profesora María Eugenia Rojas Arana en la trilogía La nieve del almirante, Ilona llega con la lluvia y Un bel morir, es un estudio de la obra narrativa de Mutis inteligente y narratológico, inteligible en su dimensión interpretativa de la desesperanza. Permanecen en ésta así mismo nombres femeninos que -desde Ana la Cretense en La muerte del estratega a Flor Estévez, Ilona y Amparo María-, son memorables, en un eros fugaz pero significativo por su armonía en todos los sentidos: en clave mítica, helénica, entretejida como uno de los secretos filosóficos e históricos del escritor colombiano. Sentido-s de la existencia frente a lo indeterminado, un orden exterior indescifrable y la desesperanza. Ello, en un siglo XX de violencias y regresiones, anunciado por Proust, narrado por Mutis. Carlos Vásquez-Zawadzki Este libro es una precisa contribución al estudio y la valoración académica de la obra narrativa de Álvaro Mutis. Su lectura seguramente será de gran provecho para quien desea acercarse al periplo vertiginoso de uno de los héroes más sugestivos de nuestra literatura: Maqroll el Gaviero.
Selection of IPM Geothermal Drilling Contractor Through a Merit Point System Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process
Authors: Effendi Afif
Published: December 2019

One method of evaluating the procurement is a merit point system (value system). In a merit point system price is one of the evaluation criteria, with the understanding that the more complex technical requirements and the more difficult to compare bid proposals, the lower the price weights. In general, the total value for technical bids is higher than price bids. At the auction using the merit point system, there are two main things that greatly affect the results of procurement, namely the determination of technical weighting and the price that will be used when evaluating bids and the method of weighing technical bids. When this is done correctly and appropriately, the company will get the right contractor in accordance with needs and can avoid the opportunity to commit fraud or corruption in the process of procurement. For this reason, the authors conduct research on the determination of technical weight and price as well as the method of weighting technical offerings with a case study of the selection of contracting IPM Geothermal Drilling through the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach where the results of the study indicate that the AHP can assist the Procurement Planner to determine the technical weight and price as a reference for evaluating bids through the Merit Point System. AHP also helps the Procurement Implementer to rank technical bids during the technical evaluation. Keywords: merit point system, analytical hierarchy process, IPM Geothermal Drilling
An update on pediatric surgical epilepsy: Part I
Authors: Gadgil Nisha , LoPresti Melissa A. , Muir Matthew , Treiber Jeffrey M. , Prablek Marc , Karas Patrick J. , Lam Sandi K.
Published: December 2019

Epilepsy affects many children worldwide, with drug-resistant epilepsy affecting 20–40% of all children with epilepsy. This carries a significant burden for patients and their families and is strongly correlated with poor cognitive outcomes, depression, anxiety, developmental delay, and impaired activities of daily living. For this reason, we sought to explore the role of pediatric epilepsy surgery and provide an overview of the factors contributing to epilepsy surgery planning and execution. We review the necessary preoperative evaluations, surgical indications, planning considerations, and surgical options to provide a clear pathway in the evaluation and planning of pediatric epilepsy surgery.
Ti Catalyzed Hydroamination: A Direct Functionalization of Cu Acetylide
Authors: Hao Han , Schafer Laurel
Published: December 2019

In the presence of a bis-amidate-bis-amido Ti pre-catalyst, an NHC supported Cu acetylide was reacted with p-toluidine to generate a new Cu containing species almost quantitatively. The product was analyzed by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray single crystal diffraction to be a Cu enamide. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest the reaction follows well accepted [2+2] cycloaddition mechanism for early transition metal catalyzed hydroamination. Furthermore, the reaction is likely to be a direct functionalization of the alkyne moiety of the Cu acetylide.
Isolation of corporate local area networks using server virtualization
Authors: Blagorazumov A. K. , Kirpichev I. G. , Petrov D. V.
Published: December 2019

Secure enterprises have Local Area Networks (LANs) that store and process sensitive data that should not be accessed from outside. At the same time, no modern enterprise can successfully function without a LAN which provides the Internet access for the computers of the sales department, technical support service and E-mail server. In order to ensure information security, these two network segments are usually physically isolated from each other by means of exception of any cable interconnections. Enterprises with high demands for server uptime use server virtualization, which requires connecting physical servers to disk storage of virtual server image files. When highly reliable servers are needed only in one of two independent corporate network segments, the cost of creating such a server cluster is reasonable and fast paying off. But when a company encounters the need to place a small but highly reliable server into another network segment, the following problem arises: only server cluster with expensive components can provide the required reliability, but to solve the tasks assigned to the new server, the cluster computing capacity would be too high, and deploying of a cluster would be extremely costly and economically unjustified. On the other hand, the required computing capacity for a new server would be taken from the existing server cluster by creating a new virtual server without any expenses. However, in such case it is necessary to ensure isolation of the new virtual server from the network segment the physical hosts servers are connected to. The article examines the methods of configuring the LAN that allow to isolate virtual and physical servers at the network level. The authors also consider the episode when it is necessary to transfer files between the two computers located in the LAN segments isolated from each other and gives the appropriate solution.
Methodical apparatus for evaluating the state of aviation system safety and security
Authors: Bachkalo B. I. , Zolotykh V. I.
Published: December 2019

The article analyzes the existing problems that impede the effective safety management of the flights of the air forces of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. As a result, this analysis revealed the contradiction between the need to build a safety management system and the lack of effective mechanisms for assessing the state of the aviation system and taking into account the influence of the human factor of aviation professionals on flight safety. The contradiction identified the need for developing a set of methods to estimate the actual state of the aviation system protection from the effects of threats associated with the human factor of flight personnel. A methodological apparatus was developed for assessing the security status of an aviation system against hazardous factors, which is based on applying a personality-oriented approach to assessing and managing the state of an aviation system. The method of assessing the state of flight safety allows you to quantify the state of protection of the crew-aircraft system from the impact of hazards caused by the personal factor of a particular pilot before the flight and to assess in near real-time the state of protection of the crew-aircraft system during the flight. The method of assessing the state of safety in aviation formation allows you to assess the status of safety during the organization and conduct of flights, taking into account the influence of the human factor of flight personnel in  near real time.
Methodology of the north of russia transport and technological multimodal system efficiency and reliability improvement
Authors: Filippova N. A. , Vlasov V. M.
Published: December 2019

Research in the field of the developed theoretical and methodological provisions and scientific methods application which have a universal character in the cargo delivery by all means of transport and improving the reliability of transportation by reducing risks in the North of Russia is being carried out. This research corresponds to the "Arctic" program which was adopted by the government of Russia. The application of the modern means of mobile communication, satellite navigation, Geo-informatics, information technology is an important condition for the improvement of economic activities production  management of transport companies involved in the delivery of goods to the Northern regions of Russia. Currently, process management of the cargo transportation to the Northern regions of the Russian Federation is at a low technological level, modern technical means and mathematical methods for optimizing the process are not used, the influence of climatic conditions on the process of Northern delivery goods transportation is poorly studied. On the basis of factor analysis with the use of systematic approach and the method of statistical modeling, measures for reducing risks in the essential goods transportation organization and management which appear in multimodal goods transportation and technological process to the North of Russia according to the requirements of GOST R 51901.1-2002 are determined. This made it possible to increase the reliability of the Northern delivery processes by  10–15 percent. According to the experts of the LLC "Shipping company "Vitim-Les" of Kirensk the developed method of calculating the upper beginning and ending ice phenomena confidence time limit  while planning the transportation of goods of Northern delivery allowed to reduce the transportation time by 10–15%.
The impact of physico-chemical properties of the jet fuel and biofuels on the characteristics of gas-turbine engines
Authors: Ardeshiri Sh.
Published: December 2019

The current development trend of global civil aviation is the growth of passenger and freight traffic, which entails the consumption of jet fuel. Under these conditions, increasing the efficiency of jet fuel used is of great importance. Global energy consumption is constantly growing, and, first of all, the question of diversification of oil resources arises, resources from which the bulk of motor fuels is produced. Other types of raw energy sources (natural gas, coal, bio-mass) currently account for only a small part. However, an analysis of the development of jet fuels indicates that work is underway to obtain these from other sources of raw materials, especially bio-fuels. Much attention is given to obtaining bio-fuels from renewable sources – such as algae. The issue of the mass transition of civil aviation to alternative fuels is complex and requires the solution of intricate technical as well as economic issues. One of these is the assessment of the impact of new fuels on GTE performance. It is important to give an objective and quick assessment of the use of various types of fuels on the main characteristics of the engine – i.e., throttle and high-speed characteristics. In this case, it is necessary to take into account chemical processes in the chemical composition of new types of fuel. To assess the effect of fuels on the characteristics of a gas turbine engine, it is proposed to use a mathematical model that would take into account the main characteristics of the fuel itself. Therefore, the work proposes a mathematical model for calculating the characteristics of a gas turbine engine taking into account changes in the properties of the fuel itself. A comparison is made of the percentage of a mixture of biofuels and JetA1 kerosene, as well as pure JetA1 and TC-1 kerosene. The calculations, according to the proposed model, are consistent with the obtained characteristics of a gas turbine engine in operation when using JetA1 and TC-1 kerosene. Especially valuable are the obtained characteristics of a gas turbine engine depending on a mixture of biofuel and kerosene. It was found that a mixture of biofuel and kerosene changes the physicochemical characteristics of fuel and affects the change in engine thrust and specific fuel consumption. It is shown that depending on the obtained physicochemical properties of a mixture of biofuel and kerosene, it is possible to increase the fuel efficiency and environmental friendliness of the gas turbine engines used.
Latihan Range of Motion untuk Perubahan Kualitas dan Kuantitas Nyeri Penderita Osteoarthriti
Authors: Sulistyana Caturia Sasti , Susanti Susanti
Published: December 2019

Osteoartritis merupakan suatu penyakit degeneratif kerusakan kartilago sendi yang progresif pada lansia. Keluhan tersering penderita osteoartritis adalah rasa kaku serta adanya nyeri, spasme otot dan disability. Salah satu terapi non farmakologis untuk mengatasi nyeri adalah latihan Range of Motion (ROM). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh latihan ROM terhadap kualitas dan kuantitas nyeri penderita osteoarthritis di Banyu Urip Lor RW 7 Surabaya. Desain penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperiment dengan pre-post test with control group, pada sampel 26 orang lansia yang menderita osteoartritis dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Latihan ROM dilakukan 3 kali seminggu selama 4 minggu. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji wilcoxon dan mann whitney. Hasil uji statistik Wilcoxon pada kelompok kontrol pre-post didapatkan P<0,05 (0,025) dan kelompok perlakuan pre-post didapatkan P<0,05 (0,001), artinya ada pengaruh latihan range of motion terhadap kualitas dan kuantitas nyeri penderita osteoarthritis. Hasil uji statistik Mann-Whitney didapatkan P<0,05 (0,006), artinya ada beda kualitas dan kuantitas nyeri antara kedua kelompok. Latihan ROM adalah latihan menggerakkan sendi seoptimal mungkin sesuai kemampuan klien. Latihan ROM dapat meningkatkan kelenturan dan kekuatan otot, serta merangsang sirkulasi darah. Implikasi hasil penelitian ini adalah latihan ROM dapat dilakukan oleh penderita osteoartritis secara rutin untuk mengurangi rasa nyeri.Â Osteoarthritis is a progressive degenerative disease of joint cartilage in the elderly. The most common complaints of people with osteoartritis are stiffness and pain, muscle spasm and disability. One of the non-pharmacological therapy for pain management is ROM exercise. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of ROM exercises on the quality and quantity of osteoarthritis pain in Banyu Urip Lor RW 7 Surabaya. The design of this study was quasi-experimental with a pre-post test control group, in a sample of 26 elderly people suffering from osteoartritis used a purposive sampling technique. The ROM exercise are done 3 times a week for 4 weeks. The data analysis used was Wilcoxon test and Mann Whitney test. The results of the Wilcoxon statistical test in the pre-post control group obtained P<0.05 (0.025), and the pre-post treatment group obtained P<0.05 (0.001), it means that there was an effect of ROM exercises on the quality and quantity of pain in patients with osteoarthritis. The results of the Mann-Whitney statistical test obtained P<0.05 (0.006), it means that there were differences in the quality and quantity of pain between the two groups. The ROM exercise are exercises to move the joints as optimal as possible according to the ability of the client. The ROM exercise can increase muscle flexibility and strength, and stimulate blood circulation. Implications of the results of this study ROM exercises can be performed by patients with osteoartritis regularly to reduce pain.
Modal Sosial dan Persepsi Ancaman Sebagai Determinan Perilaku Pencegahan Infeksi Dengue: Studi Multilevel
Authors: Ayuningtyas Kanthi Devi , Agtikasari Nurhayati , Damayanti Ana
Published: December 2019

Infeksi dengue merupakan salah satu permasalahan utama dalam kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia. Berbagai upaya pencegahan dan pengendalian penyakit ini telah dilakukan dalam kurun waktu yang lama, tetapi jumlah kasus dan angka kematiannya cenderung mengalami peningkatan. Selain faktor individu, faktor sosial pun dinilai memiliki peranan penting dalam upaya pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi dengue. Penelitian cross sectional yang dilakukan di 8 kecamatan di Kabupaten Sukoharjo pada tahun 2018 ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh faktor individu berupa persepsi ancaman pengaruh kontekstual modal sosial terhadap perilaku pencegahan infeksi dengue. Sejumlah 200 subjek penelitian dipilih dengan teknik multistage random sampling. Keseluruhan data variabel bebas (persepsi ancaman dan modal sosial) serta data variabel terikat (perilaku pencegahan infeksi dengue) dikumpulkan dengan kuesioner, dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis multilevel. Temuan dalam penelitian ini adalah perilaku pencegahan infeksi dengue secara signifikan dipengaruhi oleh persepsi ancaman (b= 1.56; CI (95%) = 0.77 - 2.34; p= <0.001) dan modal sosial pada tingkat kecamatan memiliki pengaruh kontekstual terhadap perilaku pencegahan infeksi dengue (ICC 10.91%). Berdasarkan temuan tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa persepsi ancaman sebagai salah satu faktor individu dan modal sosial sebagai faktor sosial berpengaruh terhadap perilaku pencegahan infeksi dengue.Â Dengue is one of major problems in Indonesian public health. Various efforts to prevent and control this disease have been carried out in a long time, but the number of cases and the case fatality rate tends to increase. In addition to individual factors, social factors are also considered to have an important role in efforts to prevent and control dengue. This cross sectional study conducted in 8 sub-districts in Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java in 2018 aims to analyze the effect of perceived threat as individual factor and the contextual effect of social capital on the dengue preventive behavior. A total of 200 subjects were selected by multistage random sampling. Data for both independent (Perceived threat and social capital) and dependent variable (dengue preventive behavior) were collected by questionnaire, and analyzed with multilevel analysis. This study found that dengue preventive behavior was significantly affected by perceived threat (b = 1.56; CI (95%) = 0.77 - 2.34; p = <0.001) and the sub-district level social capital had a contextual effect on dengue preventive behavior (ICC 10.91%). Based on these findings, we concluded that perceived threat as an individual factor and social capital as a social factor affected dengue preventive behavior.
Casa de Misericordia de Logroño en la transición del Antiguo Régimen al Liberalismo
Authors: Martín García Juan José
Published: December 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido analizar los libros de cuentas, así como contextualizar la administración y organización, de la Casa de Misericordia -Hospicio o Casa de Expósitos- de Logroño, en el periodo comprendido entre 1794 -fecha de su fundación por parte del obispo de Calahorra, Francisco Mateo Aguiriano y Gómez-, y 1845, una vez consolidada la estructura provincial que asume la asistencia a colectivos desfavorecidos. Para ello, la fuente principal utilizada han sido los libros de expósitos que, con carácter anual, recogían individualmente, no solo sus registros y el de sus amas de cría, sino otras informaciones que, teóricamente, debieran asentarse en soportes diferenciados. El método contable utilizado en esta institución durante todo el periodo consignado fue el de cargo y data. Como novedad del estudio, aparece el término “conferencia”, como sinónimo de balance o alcance anuales.
Ad hoc accounting and accountability for the local governance of an epidemic crisis
Authors: Capelo Mariló , Araújo Pedro
Published: December 2019

This paper aims to extend the knowledge about how ad hoc accounting and accountability practices arose and were used in the past to face a situation of crisis in the context of local government. With this purpose, it addresses a health public problem in a specific context, the yellow fever epidemic in Cadiz in 1800. The specific characteristics of the setting, where acquaintance with accounting was usual, allow setting the following specific objectives: (1) to explain the genesis of the accountability systems and the accounting itself used for local government management of the epidemic and (2) to explore the versatility and plasticity that accounting background provides to the records produced in this context.
To accomplish them, primary sources as well as publications of the time have been considered. The evidence obtained shows that both an accountability system and a basic bookkeeping system influenced by the local accounting and medical background arose in the local context. Moreover, the findings suggest that the generalized accounting background promoted the self-serving use and interpretation of the records by local government, local Church, trade association and medical profession. The value that local society attributed to accounting books was important in this sense.
Contabilidade por partidas dobradas: história, importância e pedagogia (com especial referência à sua institucionalização em Portugal, 1755–1777)
Authors: Gonçalves Miguel
Published: December 2019

O objectivo deste paper é desenvolver e explicar, sob o ponto de vista científico e pedagógico, o tema da contabilidade por partidas dobradas, designadamente as suas propriedades, características e vantagens. O artigo explora também a contabilidade por partidas simples, para a contrastar com a contabilidade por partidas dobradas, e fornece uma visão do estado da arte sobre o conhecimento acerca de Luca Pacioli, o primeiro divulgador, em livro impresso, do método das partidas dobradas, em 1494. Fazendo uso de uma abordagem qualitativa e interpretativa, a pesquisa apoia-se fundamentalmente em fontes secundárias, ainda que tenham sido usadas bastantes fontes primárias de arquivo. O estudo amplia o conhecimento contabilístico português, por intermédio de uma sistematização, inédita, das instituições que contribuíram para a institucionalização da contabilidade por partidas dobradas em Portugal no decurso do século XVIII. A exposição apresenta uma implicação teórico–prática para o ensino da contabilidade e para a sociedade: com recurso à história da contabilidade, ela fornece uma ferramenta de estudo válida para o aumento da motivação inicial dos estudantes de contabilidade aquando do seu ingresso em cursos de ciências empresariais em Portugal.
Obituary Richard Victor Alvarus Mattessich
Authors: Galassi Giuseppe
Published: December 2019

Was born in 1922 in Trieste, Italy, and died on September 30, 2019 in Vancouver, Canada. He grew up in Vienna, graduating with a Dr. rer.pol. in 1945, Degree of Doctor of Economic Sciences, Hochschule fur Welthandel, nowadays Wirtschaftsuniversitat Wien, Economic University of Vienna. He had the following academic positions: fellow of the Austrian Institute of Economic Research, Vienna (1945-47); lecturer at the Rosenberg College (St. Gallen, 1947-52); then he emigrated to Canadà, where he became professor of commerce and economics and Department Head of Commerce at Mt. Allison University (Sackville, N.B. 1953-59), after working for a year in an insurance company, Actuarial and Auditing Department, in Montreal; from 1959 to 1967 he served as a tenured associate professor, University of California, Berkeley, School of Business Administration , following one year in a visiting position; in 1966-67 he simultaneously held a chair in economics at  the Ruhr Universitat, Bochum, Germany;  the final position was at University of British Columbia, Arthur Andersen chair (Vancouver, 1967-87; since 1987 Prof. Emeritus); professor, Technische Universitat (Vienna, 1976-78—simultaneously with his position at UBC); he held also various visiting professorships at universities in Austria, Germany, Italy, Japan, New Zealand, Spain and Switzerland.
Presentación
Authors: Gutiérrez Hidalgo Fernando
Published: December 2019

De Computis presenta su Volumen 16, Número 2 (diciembre, 2019) incluyendo seis trabajos doctrinales realizados por autores de Rusia (1), Indonesia (1), Portugal (1) y España (3); y escritos en portugués (1), inglés (4) y español (1). En este Número también se han publicado el discurso realizado por Esteban Hernández Esteve (Comisión de Historia de la Contabilidad de AECA) en el 6th International Conference on Luca Pacioli in Accounting History; y el obituario escrito por Giuseppe Galassi (University of Parma) del profesor Richard Mattessich.
Vocation and memories of an accounting historian
Authors: Hernández Esteve Esteban
Published: December 2019

Conference of the historian, Esteban Hernández Esteve, on the occasion of the celebration ofVI International Meeting of Accounting History Luca Pacioli, held in Naples, from November 7 to 9, 2019.<< Mr President, Authorities, dear friends and colleagues all.You will allow me to give this act a bit of warmth and intimacy, in which we are all co-workers and research, use a collective tutelage, which does not diminish the respect I have for all of you.My talk, as its title suggests, will be about the emergence of my vocation as a historian, its circumstances and motivations, variations in time, stages in its approach and development, as well as current approaches in relation to the mission and importance of the history of accounting. >>
News and next conferences
Authors: Gutiérrez Hidalgo Fernando
Published: December 2019

News and announcement of upcoming Congresses on Accounting History
Educação infantil brasileira: influências e contextos
Authors: Menarbini Andreia , Gomes Manuel Tavares
Published: December 2019

A Educação Infantil brasileira, desde a sua origem, no século XIX, recebe influências internacionais. Os diferentes contextos sociais, econômicos e políticos, além das organizações e acordos internacionais, de que o Brasil é signatário, pautaram as políticas públicas implantadas para esta faixa etária desde o tempo do Império até aos dias atuais. O artigo discute, a partir de pesquisas realizadas sobre o tema e a legislação, as principais influências e contextos da Educação Infantil brasileira até à sua inclusão, em 2017, no programa de alfabetização vigente no país, intitulado Pacto Nacional pela Alfabetização na Idade Certa, na busca da melhora dos índices de desempenho dos alunos na alfabetização. Pretende-se, por meio das reflexões propostas, contribuir para uma compreensão dos caminhos percorridos pela Educação Infantil e dos jogos de interesse existentes na complexidade educacional do país.
Educação em Sergipe no início do século XX: uma leitura a partir das comemorações escolares
Authors: Ferronato Cristiano De Jesus , Dos Santos Patrícia Batista , Gomes Bianca Sthephanny Martins
Published: December 2019

O presente texto tem como objetivo apresentar alguns aspectos das Festas escolares em Sergipe no início do século XX. Consideramos o início do século XX um momento relevante para a consolidação do projeto de Brasil civilizatório. A historiografia educacional apresenta o final do século XIX e as primeiras décadas do século XX um forte impulso para o fortalecimento da instituição escolar. Nesta pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, utilizamos a análise histórica documental e a bibliográfica e o fio condutor das apreciações é o da História cultural. As comemorações estão atreladas as tradições e aos rituais, dessa forma foi possível perceber como as instituições de ensino organizavam suas comemorações e atrelavam aos conteúdos curriculares apresentando a sociedade do período estudado a forma de “educar” o novo homem. Como base para as discussões, foram utilizados os conceitos de cultura escolar de Antonio Escolano e Dominique Julia, Roger Chartier com o conceito de representação, Eric Hobsbawm o de tradição, Chervel o de disciplinas escolares. Para a escrita foram utilizadas como fontes jornais do período estudado.
Buzz Group Technique to Promote Students Reading Comprehension
Authors: Afifah Nurul
Published: December 2019

This present study was quasi experiment research. This study aimed to find out whether or not there is any the improvement of the students’ reading comprehension by using buzz group technique. The population of the study was all the eighth grade students of SMP SENTOSA BAKTI BATURAJA in Academic Year 2019/ 2020. The sample was taken by using cluster random sampling. The sample is divided by two experimental class and control group. The try-out was done at VIII. C with 22 respondents. The data was collected by using test. The reliability of the data was taken through Alpha Cronbach. The data were analyzed by using paired T-test of control class and paired t-test of experimental class and independent t-test too. The result showed that from the mean score was 71 improved to be 84, 6 and based on independent T-test the value of T obtained was 8,122 as significant level of 0.05 for 2 tailed testing and degree of freedom (df) was 48 the critical value of T table 3, 425. The value was higher than T table (8,122>3,425) and the value sig, (2 tailed)= 0.000 less than the value of significant level (0.05).  It mean that there was significant improvement the students who was taught by using buzz group technique and those who was not at SMP SENTOSA BAKTI Baturaja. It concluded that Buzz group technique was effective to promote students’ reading comprehension at the Eighth Grade students of SMP SENTOSA BAKTI BATURAJA.
The influence of gold nanoparticles on the thermal conductivity of water solutions of graphen
Authors: Korskanov V.V. , Fesenko O.M. , Tsebrienko T.V. , Budnik O.P. , Dolgoshey V.B.
Published: December 2019

The objects of study were water dispersions of raw graphene (hereinafter referred to as graphene-n), higher degree of purification of graphene samples (hereinafter graphene), and nanoparticles of graphene-Au nanoparticles based on them.
The thermal conductivity of water graphene dispersions and water dispersions of gold graphene nanoparticles nanostructures at different temperatures and component ratios was investigated. The values ​​of effective thermal conductivity of dry nanofillers are calculated. The temperature dependences of the thermal conductivity of the nanofillers were obtained. It is found that the in-thermal conductivity of water dispersions of purified graphene is higher than the thermal conductivity of raw graphene as a result of better packing of nanoparticles in pure graphene nanofillers compared to raw. The effect of enhancement of thermal conductivity of gold nanoparticles, which is accompanied by higher absolute values of thermal conductivity of nanoparticles of graphene-nanoparticles of gold than the corresponding graphene, was revealed. At the same time, there is a significant difference in thermal conductivity between nanoparticles of graphene nanoparticles of gold.
It is established that higher values of thermal conductivity of graphene-nanoparticles nanostructures of gold are the result of the reinforcing action of a gold nanoparticle substrate, which is formed as a result of joint sedimentation with graphene during the formation of nano-flakes from water solution during evaporation of water.
Investigation of the dispersion processes of composite colloidal capillary-porous materials
Authors: Petrova Zh.O. , Vyshnievskyi V.M. , Novikova Yu.P. , Petrov A.I.
Published: December 2019

The technology of drying colloidal capillary-porous materials to a final humidity of 6-8%, developed at the Institute of Technical Thermophysics of the NAS of Ukraine, allowed to obtain a brittle state, in which it is possible to grind this product to small particles.
The most suitable for industrial grinding of the dried composite colloidal capillary-porous materials is the impact method, because when wiping and crushing the material has accumulated, stuck to the working surface.
Powders are characterized by one pronounced maximum corresponding to the particle size of the powder of 0,16 mm. As the rotation speed of the shredder rotor changes, the particle size distribution of 0,16 mm increases by reducing the larger particles.
The amount of powder thus obtained is directly proportional to the speed of rotation of the rotor. The study of the dispersion and classification of functional powders showed that all powders have the largest particle size of 0,16 mm. The maximum yield of this fraction is 70% and the lowest is 40%.
The structural-mechanical characteristics of powders from composite colloidal capillary-porous materials were investigated for the first time.  Characteristics of different fractions were determined by such parameters as bulk density, vibration density, angle of natural slope, speed of material flow through the funnel and others.
Studies to determine the structural and mechanical properties of functional powders have shown that they can be attributed to more bulk powders, as opposed to highly bound monopowders.  Creating compositions improves their structural and mechanical properties.
Effects of Lovastatin Suplemented Diet on Laying Performance, Egg Quality, Yolk Lipid Profile and Some Serum Parameters in Laying Hens
Authors: EKİNCİ Özlem , KAYA Adem , KAYA Hatice , ESENBUĞA Nurinisa , MACİT Muhlis
Published: December 2019

This study was carried out to determine the effects of lovastatin supplementation on laying performance, egg quality, yolk lipid profile and some serum parameters in Lohmann LS white commercial laying hens reared in poultry houses of Food and Livestock Application and Research Center of Ataturk University. In this experiment, Lohmann layers (n=48, 46 wks of age) were randomly divided into two groups such as control (C) fed with basal diet and treatment (L) group fed with diet including 0,0059 % of lovastatin. After one week of the adaptation period, experiment lasted for five weeks. During the experimental period, hens were fed as ad-libitum and water through nipples was available for all the times. Lovastatin supplementation increased feed consumption (FC) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Except for yolk color, other egg quality traits were not affected by diet including 0,0059 % of lovastatin. Hens fed with treatment diet had greater triglyceride and phosphatidyl serine values than hens fed with basal diet. Differences between the groups in terms of the levels of egg yolk and serum cholesterol were not significant in present study. These differences could be attributed to short experimental period and low lovastatin added to basal diet of hens. In conclusion, further studies should be conducted to clarify the effects of lovastatin supplementation on laying performance, egg quality, yolk lipid profile and some serum parameters in laying hens fed with diets including lovastatin at different levels during long feeding period.
NECATİ ÖNER’İN DİL HASSASİYETİ
Authors: ADSOY Şerefettin
Published: December 2019

﻿Kendi başına yaşama imkânına sahip olmayan insan
toplum içerisinde yaşamak durumundadır. Bu yüzden insan için sosyal bir
varlıktır ifadesi kullanılmaktadır. Toplum içerisinde toplumla beraber
sosyalleşen birey, bu sosyalleşme süreci içerisinde gerek kendisine gerekse
topluma yönelik birçok önemli etken işlevsel durumdadır. Bu önemli etkenlerden
biri de dildir. Oluşan toplumun birlik ve beraberliğiyle beraber devamının
sağlanmasında önemli bir fonksiyona sahip olan iletişimin gerçekleşmesi dille
sağlandığı gibi topluma dâhil olan bireyin kendi varlığını ortaya koyup ifade
etmesi de dil vasıtasıyla gerçekleşmektedir. Ayrıca gerek toplumun gerekse
bireyin sahip olduğu imkânların sağlıklı bir şekilde geliştirilerek değerlendirilmesi
de büyük oranda dile dayanmaktadır. Zira düşünsel, bilimsel ve kültürel gibi
konularda yapılacak her türlü etkinlik bir şekilde dile dokunmak durumundadır.
Dolayısıyla tarafların herhangi birinde meydana gelen değişiklik diğerini de
bir şekilde etkilediğinden gerçekleşecek bu farklılıkta aralarında bir
paralellik söz konusudur. Bu yüzden dil, düşünce, kültür ve bilimsel
gelişmeleri tam anlamıyla birbirinden ayırmak ya da birbirinden bağımsız bir
şekilde ele alarak değerlendirmek sağlıklı bir durum arz etmeyecektir. Dil,
zihnin aynası olarak kabul edildiği gibi dil ile düşünce adeta bir kâğıdın iki
yüzü gibidir. Biri diğerinden ayrılamadığı gibi ikisini birbirinden ayrı ele
almak da mümkün değildir. Dil ve düşünceye bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan kültürü de
bunlar olmaksızın temellendirmek mümkün değildir.
FUAT SEZGİN’E GÖRE HAÇLI SEFERLERİ’NİN DOĞU’YA VE BATI’YA ETKİSİ: SİLAH TEKNOLOJİSİ ALANINDAKİ GELİŞMELER VE BİLİMLERİN AVRUPA’YA TRANSFERİ
Authors: BASUĞUY Bedrettin
Published: December 2019

1095 yılında başlayan
Haçlı seferleri, 1291’de Latin Hristiyanların Doğu’daki son merkezleri olan
Akkâ’dan çıkarılmasına kadar yaklaşık iki yüzyıl boyunca devam etmiştir.
Seferlerin başlangıcında bilim ve teknoloji başta olmak üzere uygarlığın hemen
her alanında Avrupa’dan önde olan Müslümanlar, Haçlılar karşısında nihai zaferi
elde eden taraf olsa da, seferlerin sonunda kabuğuna çekilerek içine kapanmış
ve savunma pozisyonu almıştır. Haçlı seferlerinin başlangıcında her açıdan
Müslümanların gerisinde olan Avrupa ise seferlerin sonunda ekonomik ve kültürel
alanlarda önemli gelişmeler yaşamış, uygarlığın çekirdek alanlarının yaratıcı seviyesine bu
seferlerden sonra ulaşabilmiştir. Doğu’daki bilgi ve
teknoloji transferini olumsuz yönde etkileyen Haçlı Seferleri’nin Batılı ilim çevreleri tarafından ihmal edilen veya
görmezden gelinen en önemli sonuçlarından biri, İslam medeniyet havzasında
geliştirilen bilimlerin ve teknolojinin Haçlılar vasıtasıyla Avrupa’ya transfer
edilmesidir. Eski
Dünya ile Batı arasındaki temel bağlantı noktasının Arap-İslam dünyası olduğunu savunan Fuat Sezgin, Haçlı
Seferleri’ni bu bağlantının merkezi noktalarından biri olarak ele almaktadır.
Sezgin’e göre Arap-İslam
bilimlerinin üstünlüğünü öğrenen Haçlılar, 200 yıl boyunca İslam dünyasındaki
en yeni bilimsel çalışmaları ve teknolojik gelişmeleri doğrudan tanıma ve
Avrupa’ya aktarma imkanı elde etmişlerdir. “Fuat Sezgin’e göre Haçlı
Seferlerinin Doğu’ya ve Batı’ya etkisini” irdelediğimiz bu makalede bilimlerin
Batı’ya transferini sağlayan güzergâhlar ve vasıtalar tanıtıldıktan sonra Fuat
Sezgin’e göre Haçlı Seferleri’nin İslam Dünyası’na ve Avrupa’ya etkileri
incelenecektir.
RETORİK VE MANTIK İLİŞKİSİ
Authors: BABA Coşkun
Published: December 2019

Aristoteles, retoriği,
“Belli bir durumda elde var olan inandırma yollarını kullanma yetisi"
şeklinde tanımlamaktadır. Retoriğin amacı, muhatabını ikna etmektir. Mantık ise
düşünme yasalarının bir bilimidir. Mantık, doğru ve düzgün düşünme ya da
tutarlı düşünme yani mantıklı düşünme kurallarının ve biçimlerinin bilgisidir.
Bu makalede retorik mantık ilişkisi üzerine durulacaktır. Bunu yaparken de esas
vurgulamak istediğimiz noktalar şunlardır: Retoriğin, mantığın konuları
içerisinde değerlendirilmemesi gerektiğidir. Aristoteles’in,
mantık (logos) ilmini merkeze alarak retoriği bunun üzerine inşa etmekle retoriğin
değeri açısından yeni bir şey yapmış olduğunu ortaya koymaktır. Ayrıca retorik
ile mantık ayrı alanlar olmasına rağmen birbirleriyle her zaman sıkı ilişki
içerisinde olmaları gerektiğini göstermektir.

  Retorik, mantık sayesinde değerini
bulmaktadır. Günlük hayatta retorik, mantık ile ayrılmaz ikili gibidir. Retorik
ve mantık birbirlerine her zaman muhtaçtırlar. Mantıksal temellere dayalı
olarak ele alınan retoriğin değeri her zaman yüksek olacaktır. Mantık kurallarına uygun yapılan retorik, insanların hayatında oynadığı rol ile
geçerliliğini her zaman devam ettirecektir.
BÎRÛNÎ’NİN KULLANDIĞI BAZI İLGİ ÇEKİCİ KAVRAMLAR
Authors: DUMAN Abdullah
Published: December 2019

Araştırma ve düşüncenin konularını
kavramlar üzerinden sonuçlandırmaya çalışmak büyük önem arz etmektedir.
Kavramlar konusundaki çalışmaların ilk örnekleri Antik Yunan filozoflarına
kadar gitmektedir. Bunlardan kendinden sonraki filozofları en çok etkileyen ise
Aristoteles olmuştur. Bilim dalları ve düşüncenin konularını kavramlar
üzerinden yorumlama ve tartışma geleneğinin Müslüman bilim adamları ve
filozofları arasında da yaygın olduğu konusunda şüphe yoktur. Onlar,
kendilerine problem ettikleri konuları, sadece önceki filozofların ürettikleri
kavramlar üzerinden irdelememişler, yeni kavramlar da üretmişlerdir.

Bîrûnî, bilimin ve düşüncenin hemen
hemen her dalında eser bırakmış Müslüman bilim adamlarından birisidir. O,
eserlerinin muhtevaları yanında yazımda kullandığı metodoloji ve kavramlar
açısından da hâlâ dikkatleri üzerinde toplamaktadır. Bu çalışmada onun eserlerinde
kullanmış olduğu bazı ilginç kavramlar tanıtılmaya ve yorumlanmaya gayet
edilmiştir.
Etlik Piliçlerde Çevresel Stresin Performans, Karkas Randımanı ve Bazı Kan Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: ŞEREMET TUĞALAY Çiğdem , ALTAN Özge , BAYRAKTAR Özer Hakan
Published: December 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, etlik piliçlerde çevresel stresin gelişme performansı, karkas
randımanı ve bazı fizyolojik parametreler üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir.
Materyal ve Metot: Günlük civcivler yüksek sıcaklık, rotasyon, obje kullanımı ve
kontrol olmak üzere rastgele 4 deneme grubuna ayrılmıştır. Sıcaklık grubunda
civcivler denemenin 21. gününde 3 saat süre ile 38±1 ºC sıcak stresine maruz
bırakılmışlardır. Obje grubuna 1-44. günler arasında çevresel zenginleştirme amacıyla
bölmelere yerleştirilen renkli objelerle (ayna, pet şişe, top vb.) görsel uyarıda
bulunularak stres yaratılmıştır. Rotasyon grubundaki piliçler ise haftada iki kere
düzenli olarak bölmeler arası rotasyona tabi tutulmuşlardır. Denemenin 42. gününde
de tüm piliçlere 1 saat süre ile 38±1 ºC sıcak stresi uygulanmıştır.
Bulgular: Çevresel zenginleştirme uygulaması etlik piliç performansını önemli
düzeyde etkilememekle birlikte, 42. gün canlı ağırlığı ve yemden yararlanmayı
iyileştirmiştir. Sıcak stresi uygulanan grubun karkas ağırlığı ve karkas randımanı
değerlerinin kontrol grubu ile benzerlik gösterdiği saptanmıştır. Akut sıcak stresi
sonrasında (21. gün) sıcaklık grubunda trigliserid düzeyinin kontrol grubuna göre
önemli düzeyde daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Deneme sonunda (42. gün) ise
glukoz ve kolesterol değerleri bakımından deneme grupları arasında önemli
farklılıklar oluştuğu belirlenmiştir. Kontrol, obje ve sıcaklık gruplarında kolesterol
seviyeleri benzerlik gösterirken, rotasyon grubunda önemli derecede yükseldiği
saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: Sonuç olarak, erken yaşlardan itibaren zenginleştirilmiş çevrede büyütme
strese adaptasyon sağlanması ve refahın iyileştirilmesi amacıyla yararlanılabilecek bir
yöntem olarak önerilebilir, ancak uygulamaya aktarılabilmesi için daha fazla çalışma
yapılmasına gerek vardır.
Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Dalam Pendekatan Matematika Realitik di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Sartika Ika
Published: December 2019

Realistic mathematics learning is basically the use of reality and the environment understood by students to facilitate mathematics learning. In realistic mathematics learning things that are tangible or concrete that can be observed or understood by students imagine, while what is meant by the environment is an environment where students are located in the school, family and community environment that can be understood by students. In PMR students are invited to be active, free to express ideas and they are also expected to share their ideas meaning they are free to communicate their ideas with each other. In PMR the learning process takes place interactively, and students become the focus and all activities in the class. Whereas the teacher acts as a facilitator, helping them compare ideas and guide them to make decisions about which ideas are better for them. This learning can be used as an alternative to make learning mathematics more fun that can affect students' critical thinking. A good student's critical thinking process can be a means to form effective and communicative learning, especially for elementary students who are still thinking at a concrete level.
Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan Model Backpropagation untuk Peramalan Suhu Minimum dan Maksimum, Kelembaban, Tekanan Udara, Jumlah Hari Hujan, dan Curah Hujan Bulanan di Kota Mataram
Authors: Adnyana Ida Nyoman Tegeh , Wijaya I Gede Pasek Suta , Albar Mohammad Ali
Published: December 2019

Climate conditions are very influential on various sectors of human life, such as agriculture. Extreme climate can affect the planting and harvest period which can eventually lead to crop failure. Climate forecasting can be done to help mapping the planting period so that agricultural productivity is optimal. Artificial neural network is a method that can be used to forecast climate in the future. In this research, a backpropagation model was used to forecast monthly data on minimum and maximum temperatures, humidity, air pressure, number of rainy days, and rainfall in Mataram city. The accuracy of forecasting result is measured based on MSE (mean square error). Based on the research conducted, the MSE of testing phase are minimum temperature 3.59 x 10-3, maximum temperature 1.97 x 10-4, humidity 2.11 x 10-3, air pressure 2.50 x 10-3, number of rainy days 7.97 x 10-4, and rainfall 1.00 x 10-3.