bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of Intracerebral Hemorrhage at Dr. Kariadi General Hospital: A Serial Case
Authors: Priambodo Nadhira Faizah Putri , Rambey Kayana Zahra Kallista , Maharani Amira Cinta , Satyaningrum Diah , Nurulyana Nuzulur Rakhmah , Hidayatullah Gibran Chandra Syarif , Sugianto Maria Belladonna Rahmawati , Jaeri Santoso
Published: November 2024

Background: Stroke is an acute neurological deficit caused by sudden or rapid disruption of blood circulation to the brain. Intracerebral hemorrhage is the subtype of stroke with the highest mortality and disability rate. Several risk factors may be related to the clinical outcome of intracerebral hemorrhage. Herewith we present a case series regarding the characteristics of intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods: A case series among three intracerebral hemorrhage cases in January - February 2024 at Dr. Kariadi Hospital. Epidemiological, and clinical data were recorded and reported. Case Presentations: Three cases were studied, the main complaint of the patient was decreased consciousness. These patients had different risk factors for stroke. According to the Siriraj score, NIHSS score, and neuroimaging findings, these patients had hemorrhagic strokes with different brain lesions. Two-thirds of the patients had uncontrolled hypertension and one patient was accompanied by uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: Overall, all patients were >45 years old and the risk factors of these patients were modified risk factors that is uncontrolled hypertension and diabetes mellitus over a long period resulting in ganglionic hemorrhage.
A 31-Year-Old Female with Inferior Paraparesis Upper Motor Neuron Type due to Destruction of Thoracic 6-7 Vertebrae due to Tuberculous Spondylitis : A Case Report
Authors: Faatih Muhammad Al , Widiastuti Widiastuti
Published: November 2024

Background: Tuberculous (TB) Spondylitis results from the hematogenous spread of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis bacteria to the spinal blood vessels. The incidence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in the world is 3%, of which 10% of cases are bone. This paper will describe the case of a patient with Inferior Paraparesis Upper Motor Neuron Type due to Destruction of Thoracic 6-7 Vertebrae due to Tuberculous Spondylitis at Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia. In addition, this case can provide information to health services and be a step forward in discussing tuberculous spondylitis further. Purpose: This study aims to report the diagnosis and management of tuberculous spondylitis. Case  Presentation: A Female, 31 years old, presented with complaints of lower limb weakness felt four months before admission and associated with back pain. The patient’s consciousness was compos mentis. There were tenderness in the back midline and neurological deficits. There was a decrease in muscle strength in the lower extremities, both left and right and also a decrease in physiological reflexes in all four extremities. There was positive Babinski on the right side and positive clonus on both sides. Thoracolumbar MRI results showed destruction of the corpus of Thoracic 6&7 Vertebrae with gibbus deformity and kyphosis with a picture of soft tissue abscess. Conclusion: The patient was diagnosed with paraparesis inferior upper motor neuron type due to destruction of thoracic 6-7 vertebrae due to tuberculous spondylitis. Then she was treated and planned for laminectomy, PSF, debridement, and corpectomy.
T cell‐expressed Ift88 is required for proper thymocyte differentiation in mice
Authors: Miller Sarah J. , Gonzalez Nancy M. , Smith Morgan E. , Croyle Mandy J. , Yoder Bradley K. , Zimmerman Kurt A.
Published: November 2024

Intraflagellar transport protein 88 (Ift88) is required for the formation of cilia in the thymus and non‐ciliary dependent functions including T cell immune synapse formation. To test the role of Ift88 in T cell development, we performed flow cytometry analysis on thymus and spleen tissue isolated from mice lacking Ift88 in thymic epithelial cells (TECs) or T cells. Analyses indicated that TEC Ift88 deletion had no impact on thymic T cell development and minimal impact on splenic T cells. Analysis of T cells in CaggCreERT2+Ift88 tm1BkymTmG mice indicate that approximately half of DN1 thymocytes are Ift88 deficient 3 weeks post‐tamoxifen induction; Ift88 loss did not impact T cell development at the DN2‐DN4 stage or the CD4+/CD8+ double‐positive (DP) thymocyte stage. However, survival of Ift88 deficient T cells was significantly reduced at the single‐positive (SP) thymocyte stage, as was the number of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in spleen and kidney. Despite preferential survival of Ift88‐proficient cells, the total number of T cells the in spleen and kidney was minimally impacted by Ift88 loss. These data suggest Ift88 is required for differentiation of DP thymocytes into SP thymocytes and that Ift88 proficient T cells can compensate for deficient cells to fill the open niche.
Evaluation of an alternative centrifugation protocol for reducing total turnaround time
Authors: Nicolás de Blas Reyes , Menacho Román Miriam , Olivares Romero Sara , Mesas Mariñán Claudia , Arroyo Vega Alba , Martín Gómez Graciela , Álvarez Pastor María , Castillo Menéndez Lucía , Azofra Villa María José , Pérez Sobrino María del Pilar , Arribas Gómez Ignacio
Published: November 2024

Objectives

Centrifugation is a key process that should be controlled to ensure an adequate sample quality. To achieve rapid, standardized, and consistent sample centrifugation, we aimed to evaluate an alternative centrifugation protocol and its impact on the results of 20 biochemical determinations in serum.

Methods

The study included 45 ambulatory patients. Two serum-separating tubes were collected from each patient (Becton Dickinson (BD) Vacutainer® SST™ II Advance, 8.5 mL Ref. 366468). One of the tubes was centrifuged at 2530 ×  g for 10 min (control method), while the other tube was centrifuged under alternative centrifugation conditions, namely 2530 ×  g for 7 min.

Results

The analysis of results revealed that calcium, total bilirubin, and magnesium exhibited a constant and proportional systematic bias. However, considering the proportional mean difference, all analytes met the desirable bias performance established by our laboratory, except for magnesium, which met the minimum bias criteria.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrates that both centrifugation protocols are interchangeable for measuring the studied analytes, thereby ensuring adequate sample quality.
Toward a Context and Feasibility Driven Entrepreneurial Education: Evidence from Entrepreneurial Intention Determinants of Malaysian Students
Authors: Stouraitis Vasilios , Kyritsis Markos , Mior Harris Mior Harun , Roberts Julie , Garwe Wadzanai , Tsanis Konstantinos
Published: November 2024

Irrespective of support or opportunities, evidence suggests that most higher education business students in emerging markets are still primarily guided reactively (out of personal need or temporarily) into for-profit entrepreneurship rather than through personal incentive raising doubts on the impact of University entrepreneurial push strategies and programmes. We address the lack of meso level quantitative studies and propose a new student-related context sensitive conceptual model for student entrepreneurial intention in emerging markets exploring the extent to which a context-based and feasibility-oriented conceptual model is required. We propose the components Risk and Innovation, Autonomy, National norms and number of languages spoken all affect entrepreneurial intention. Furthermore, we suggest that education has a moderating effect overall and more so on the risk and innovation component. Our theoretical framework was partially supported as we show compelling evidence that risk and innovation, autonomy, and languages spoken have a significant effect on student entrepreneurial intention. The results indicate that conceptual frameworks differ by context and entrepreneurship education in emerging markets is contingent on specific human capital of students but can be stimulated through improving cognitive institutional structures and curricula focusing on context and attitudes towards risk taking.
A comparative study of Fagonia arabica fabricated silver sulfide nanoparticles (Ag2S) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with distinct antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidant properties
Authors: Jatoi Nouman Rasheed , Khan Muhammad Aslam , Fida Hussain Muhammad , Alarjani Khaloud Mohammed , Elshikh Mohamed S. , Al Farraj Dunia , Mansoor Hafiz Muhammad , Ihsan Junaid , Bokhari Syed Ali Imran
Published: November 2024

Silver sulfide (Ag2S) nanomaterials are important chalcogenides and have potential applications in photovoltaic cells, thermoelectric sensors, solar cell batteries, and infrared detectors. However, the biological properties of green synthesized silver sulfide nanoparticles (Ag2S-NPs) have been rarely explored as compared to the extensively studied silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The current study thus investigates and compares Fagonia arabica synthesized Ag2S-NPs and AgNPs for multiple biological properties. Biosynthesis of the NPs is achieved using an aqueous extract of F. arabica, whereas physicochemical, structural, morphological, and optical characterization of the materials was undertaken using UV–Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, photoluminescence, and pH-responsive dispersion studies. Our result reveals that both the NPs exhibit excellent biological properties, yet Ag2S-NPs exhibit relatively enhanced antioxidant and in vitro anticancer potential against MCF-7 cells. However, AgNPs possess comparatively better antibacterial, antileishmanial, and antifungal properties. Most importantly, both the synthesized NPs are exceptionally well compatible with human blood cells, ensuring their safe and non-toxic properties. Being highly potent and compatible antimicrobial and anticancer materials, the F. arabica synthesized G-Ag2S-NPs and G-AgNPs can be further explored in in vivo studies.
A hybrid approach for the machinability analysis of Incoloy 825 using the entropy-MOORA method
Authors: Sahu Saurabh Kumar , Shekhar Shiena , Khan Akhtar , Soni Dheeraj Lal , Gangwar Prashant Kumar , Gupta Manish
Published: November 2024

With its exceptional qualities, Incoloy 825 is highly valued in a range of industries, including nuclear power plants, petrochemical plants, and chemical industries. Nevertheless, the unique combination of these properties presents a formidable challenge when it comes to machining Incoloy 825. Its low heat conductivity, rapid strain hardening, strong chemical affinity, and the presence of hard and abrasive particles in its microstructure all contribute to the difficulty. The objective of this study is to examine important factors related to the machinability of Incoloy 825. To achieve this, a hybrid tool called entropy coupled with MOORA will be used to determine the optimal cutting conditions. In order to achieve this, three specific input parameters were chosen: the spindle speed, feed rate, and depth of cut. Meanwhile, the major outcomes taken into account were the cutting force, cutting temperature, material removal rate, roughness of the machined surface, and flank wear. The experiments were conducted using Taguchi’s L27 orthogonal array, following the principles of experimental design. The findings indicate that the proposed hybrid approach is capable of accurately determining the best combination of parameters for cutting the chosen work material and can be employed in structural applications. For turning Incoloy 825, the optimal parametric setting was determined to be a spindle speed of 1,285 rpm, a feed rate of 0.0625 mm·rev−1, and a depth of cut of 0.3 mm.
First-principles study on the interfacial interactions between h-BN and Si3N4
Authors: Zhang Kuo , Gao Tengchao , Che Xiangming , Li Yanhua , Li Qun
Published: November 2024

High-performance ceramics, especially h-BN-based ceramics, are widely used in the metallurgical field. The interface state of h-BN-based ceramic composites, including chemical reactions, molecular diffusion, and interface structure changes, will greatly affect the properties of composite materials. Herein, taking Si3N4/BN composites as a representative case, their interfacial interactions were investigated by first-principles calculations. First, the structural and electronic properties and elastic modulus of bulk Si3N4 and h-BN were calculated. Then, the interface mismatch relationship and interface models of Si3N4/BN were studied and established. Finally, the interface bond structure of Si3N4/BN was analyzed by charge density and state density calculations. The results showed that the band gap of bulk Si3N4 and h-BN was 4.18 and 4.24 eV, respectively. Besides, bulk h-BN exhibited better compression performance and resistance to deformation than Si3N4 based on elastic modulus calculation. Therefore, h-BN was used as a substrate, and when interface mismatch is 1.3%, good matching and bonding at the interface layer can be obtained. Based on this, two interface models of Si3N4(100)/BN(002) were established, which were named the B-NSi interface and Si-NB interface. The BN/Si3N₄ interface exhibited strong van der Waals interactions, and the charge transfer from Si3N4 to h-BN was observed, which indicate that the weak covalent bond also exists in the BN/Si3N4 interface. The low interface energy indicates that the formed interface is relatively stable, which is beneficial for applications requiring high thermal and mechanical stability. This work provides valuable insights into the interfacial interaction between h-BN and Si3N4 and will give a promising theoretical guidance for designing and optimizing h-BN-based ceramic composites.
Design and simulation of a full-order robust adaptive observer for monitoring of the biogas process
Authors: Tamayo Roman Elmer D. , Ordaz Oliver J. Patricio , López Pérez Pablo A.
Published: November 2024

In this article, state variable re-construction in continuous biodigester was investigated. We proposed a Robust Adaptive Observer to estimate biomass and substrate concentrations based on CO2 and CH4 measurement. The observer in question is a robust and adaptable model-based methodology, designed to accommodate uncertainties in model parameters, process variability, and in-line noisy measurements. The numerical results demonstrated superior performance of the Robust Adaptive Observer over traditional robust, reduced-order observers. Finally, observers were validated through a comparative analysis using Integral Absolute Error, Time-Weighted Absolute Error, and Integral Squared Error metrics. In this context, this study presents a novel alternative for advancing cutting-edge detection technologies and their integration into the monitoring of bioprocesses, aligning with the paradigms of Industry 5.0.
Investigation of the effect of addition of capia pepper spice on the ripening of Turkish white cheese curd produced using cow and sheep milk
Authors: Koçak İlker , Tarakçı Zekai
Published: November 2024

In this study, five types of white cheese, with one serving as the control sample, were produced. While the control cheese was produced without adding any spices, the others were processed by adding capia pepper at concentrations of 0.1 %, 0.2 %, 0.3 %, and 0.4 % (w/w) relative to the milk used. Then, all cheeses were vacuum-packed and ripened at 6 ± 2 °C for a period of 3 months. Analyses, including measurements of dry matter, fat, pH, titratable acidity, salt, total protein, ripening rate, nonprotein nitrogen rate (NPN), amino nitrogen rate, electrophoretic casein fractions, color properties, and sensory evaluations, were conducted on cheese samples taken at the 3rd, 30th, 60th, and 90th days of ripening. Additionally, it was observed that cheeses with 0.4 % capia pepper added were more favored than the other cheeses. Due to the sensory evaluation made by the panellist, ripened cheeses were more highly appreciated than fresh cheese, but the sheep milk flavor was not consistently cited as the reason for preference. The extra aromatic taste from sheep milk was detected by the panelists and not perceived as irritating. The use of capia pepper in white cheese changed the color and sensory properties, but it was not statistically significant.
Impact of temporal resolution in global ionospheric models on satellite positioning during low and high solar activity years of solar cycle 24
Authors: Abdelaziz Ahmed , Zhang Xiaohong , Ren Xiaodong , Rabah Mostafa , Sedeek Ahmed
Published: November 2024

The ionosphere, partially ionized by solar radiation, is rich in free electrons and ions, affecting satellite navigation signals by altering their speed and path. This interaction often leads to signal delays of 5–10 m, complicating accurate positioning in satellite-based systems. This paper investigates the influence of global ionospheric models (GIMs) with varying Temporal Resolutions (TR) on satellite positioning accuracy and convergence time under different solar activities, represented by the years 2009 (low solar activity) and 2014 (high solar activity). The study utilizes Global Positioning System (GPS) data from three GIMs: CODG, representing the Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE) GNSS model with a 2-h TR; bcom, with a 1-h TR; and b5mg, with a 5-min TR. Analysis was conducted using the GNSS Analysis Software for Multi-constellation and Multi-frequency Precise Positioning across 46 international GNSS service stations under single and dual-frequency strategies. The results indicate that precise point positioning convergence time improved by approximately 18 % and 78 % using single and dual frequencies, depending on the GIM applied. Consequently, positioning accuracy after convergence improved by about 16 % and 27 % in the horizontal and up components for ionospheric-constrained single-frequency PPP models and by 68 % and 79 % in the horizontal and up components for dual-frequency PPP models. Furthermore, vertical total electron content analysis at the MARS station revealed significant variations correlating with solar activity, underscoring the importance of selecting appropriate GIMs for accurate GNSS positioning. Future studies, including multi-solar events, are recommended for comprehensive analysis.
Some theoretical foundations for the design and analysis of randomized experiments
Authors: Shi Lei , Li Xinran
Published: November 2024

Neyman’s seminal work in 1923 has been a milestone in statistics over the century, which has motivated many fundamental statistical concepts and methodology. In this review, we delve into Neyman’s groundbreaking contribution and offer technical insights into the design and analysis of randomized experiments. We shall review the basic setup of completely randomized experiments and the classical approaches for inferring the average treatment effects. We shall, in particular, review more efficient design and analysis of randomized experiments by utilizing pretreatment covariates, which move beyond Neyman’s original work without involving any covariate. We then summarize several technical ingredients regarding randomizations and permutations that have been developed over the century, such as permutational central limit theorems and Berry–Esseen bounds, and we elaborate on how these technical results facilitate the understanding of randomized experiments. The discussion is also extended to other randomized experiments including rerandomization, stratified randomized experiments, matched pair experiments, and cluster randomized experiments.
Sustainable and environmentally friendly composites: Development of walnut shell powder-reinforced polypropylene composites for potential automotive applications
Authors: Al-Sarraf Mohammed A.
Published: November 2024

In order to lessen carbon emissions, preserve natural resources, and enhance the planet’s sustainability for future generations, environmentally friendly and sustainable composites offer a promising solution that combines technological innovation and environmental responsibility. Therefore, the current study focused on the development of walnut shell (WS) powder as a natural reinforcing additive for polypropylene (PP) composites as sustainable materials for potential automotive applications. Different particle sizes (150, 212, and 300) μm and particle content (10, 20, 30, and 40 wt%) of WS-reinforced PP composites were investigated. This investigation involved two strategies: The first strategy was to determine the best WS size and loading in the PP matrix. The second strategy involved the development of additives by applying dual treatment methods on the WS: alkaline and microwave as chemical and physical treatment at the same time. Under fixation microwave conditions, different NaOH concentrations of 3, 5, and 7% were applied. The extrusion and hot compression processes at fixed operating conditions were used to combine all dosages of WS/PP composites. The mechanical properties of tensile, flexural, and impact for all the composite dosages for the strategies were studied according to ASTM standards D638, D790, and D256, respectively. To confirm the mechanical properties, the influence of treatment techniques on the WS powder and WS/PP composites was also investigated using physicochemical characterization Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, and X-ray diffraction. Furthermore, the best WS/PP composite was compared with the real automotive part (automobile steering airbag cover [ASAC]) to confirm the mechanical properties of the new WS/PP composites. The results showed that the first strategy obtained a 212 μm, 20 wt% composites that achieved the highest tensile strength, which increased about 1.2 times the tensile strength of the PP matrix. The second strategy showed composite that had treated WS with 7% NaOH (WS7Comp) attained the best mechanical properties throughout other WS/PP composites. In addition, the mechanical properties of the new WS/PP composites were adjusted to the ASAC mechanical properties. Therefore, the improved composites could be a promising alternative material for automotive applications.
Eco-friendly mechanical performance of date palm Khestawi-type fiber-reinforced polypropylene composites
Authors: Abass Raghad U. , Ausama Al-Sarraf Mohammed , Bachtiar Dandi , Rejab Mohd Ruzaimi Bin Mat
Published: November 2024

Natural sources used in industry, such as environmental waste fibers for plants, waste paper, and others, can lessen waste-throwing problems and reduce environmental pollution to save lives on the earth’s crust. The natural composites of natural fiber-reinforced thermoplastic are undoubtedly to be sustainable and eco-friendly. Therefore, the current work was conducted to study the addition of natural fiber date palm Khestawi-type fiber (DPKF) with different loadings (5, 10, and 15%) into the polypropylene (PP) matrix to prepare DPKF/PP composites. The specimens were prepared by using the lamination method. In addition, the mechanical properties of these composite material specimens were studied by following ASTM, which included tensile, flexural, and impact tests. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were employed to analyze the morphology and the structure crystallite studied of the DPKF/PP composites. The results show that the DPKF/PP composite with 15% fiber content recorded the best tensile strength, tensile modulus, and low tensile strain performance. Moreover, XRD and SEM analysis confirmed the mechanical properties and crystalline nature of the DPKF/PP composites. Finally, the values of the flexural and impact properties increased with increasing fiber loading.
On the topographic bias by harmonic continuation of the geopotential for a spherical sea-level approximation
Authors: Sjöberg Lars E.
Published: November 2024

Topography is a problem in geoid determination by the Stokes formula, a high degree Earth Gravitational Model (EGM), or for a combination thereof. Herein, we consider this problem in analytical/harmonic downward continuation of the external potential at point P to a geocentric spherical sea level approximation in geoid determination as well as to a sphere through the footpoint at the topography of the normal through P. Decomposing the topographic bias into a Bouguer shell component and a terrain component, we derive these components. It is shown that there is no terrain bias outside a spherical dome of base radius equal to the height H

P
of P above the sphere, and the height of the dome is about 0.4 × H

P
. In the case of dealing with an EGM, utilizing Molodensky truncation coefficients is one way to cope with the bias.
Derivatives in Swedish dictionaries. The case of deverbal nouns in -
ande
Authors: Holmer Louise
Published: November 2024

This article deals with known challenges as well as new ones associated with the lexicographical solutions regarding derivatives in dictionaries. Five of Sweden’s major monolingual dictionaries are being examined with the aim of describing and comparing their derivatives, with special focus on deverbal nouns with the suffix -ande. The research combines morphology, lexicography and metalexicography, aiming at presenting and discussing some of the key areas of lemma inclusion and word formation principles in Swedish monolingual, contemporary dictionaries.
Vocabularius incipiens teutonicum ante latinum
. Konzeption und Geschichte eines deutsch-lateinischen Vokabulars des Spätmittelalters
Authors: Müller Peter O.
Published: November 2024

The article is dedicated to the Vocabularius incipiens teutonicum ante latinum, an alphabetic vocabulary of the late Middle Ages with a German-Latin structure that served as an aid for acquiring knowledge of Latin. Its printing history extends from around 1481 to 1515. The article locates this vocabulary in the context of late medieval German-Latin lexicography, explains its conception and offers an overview of the printing history and revision strategies.
Phylogenetic position of Leimacomys, an enigmatic African rodent genus, reconsidered in the light of morphological and its first genetic data
Authors: Denys Christiane , Bryjová Anna , Bryja Josef
Published: November 2024

The family Muridae represents the most diversified clade of rodents. Their remarkable convergent morphology has challenged taxonomists to establish a robust classification. Thanks to molecular phylogenetic analyses, five subfamilies of murid rodents are hereby defined: Lophiomyinae, Deomyinae, Gerbillinae, Leimacomyinae and Murinae. As the single representative of the subfamily Leimacomyinae, Leimacomys buettneri is known only by the first two specimens collected in 1890. It was classified either as belonging to the Dendromurinae (Nesomyidae), or recently placed in its own subfamily Leimacomyinae (Muridae). Here we present the first molecular genetic analysis of the holotype and the paratype of Leimacomys by genomic skimming and assembly of the mitogenomes. It confirms that Leimacomys belongs to the Muridae as a sister to all extant Deomyinae. As a result, we have re-examined the morphology of type specimens and compared them with deomyine taxa as well as Miocene fossil rodents that are considered as murid-like ancestors. This allows us to propose an updated scenario for the origins of the murid lineages. In the light of our novel genetic and morphological data, we propose to keep the subfamily Leimacomyinae, represented by the monotypic Leimacomys, within the family Muridae.
First confirmed record of Microtus rossiaemeridionalis from Iran
Authors: Mahmoudi Ahmad , Konečný Adam , Khanalipour Farnaz , Barkshadi Farimah Bashiri , Sayyahi Azadeh , Kryštufek Boris
Published: November 2024

Microtus, the most speciose genus in the tribe Arvicolini, inhabits boreal and temperate regions. Despite recent increase in taxonomic research, the precise species diversity of Microtus voles in Iran is still unclear due to insufficient molecular work. This study aimed to identify Microtus species in West Azerbaijan province, near Turkey and Armenia, by sequencing the mitochondrial cytochrome b (cytb) gene from 20 vole specimens. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed the occurrence of Microtus rossiaemeridionalis in Iran for the first time, which has actually been predicted for the western side of Urmia (West Azerbaijan province) on the basis of habitat modelling. This study enhances the understanding of Microtus diversity in Iran, highlighting the need for comprehensive fieldwork and molecular assessments to accurately delineate rodent species composition in the country.
Study on solutions of the systems of complex product-type PDEs with more general forms in ℂ2
Authors: Li Hong , Luo Zhao Sheng , Xu Hong Yan
Published: November 2024

With the help of the Nevanlinna theory and the Hadamard factorization theory of meromorphic functions, we mainly give a description of the existence and the forms of the transcendental entire solutions of several product-type complex partial differential equations systems

(

a

1

f

z

1

+

a

2

f

z

2

)

(

a

3

g

z

1

+

a

4

g

z

2

)

=

e

h

1

,

(

a

1

g

z

1

+

a

2

g

z

2

)

(

a

3

f

z

1

+

a

4

f

z

2

)

=

e

h

2

,

\left\{\begin{array}{l}({a}_{1}{f}_{{z}_{1}}+{a}_{2}{f}_{{z}_{2}})({a}_{3}{g}_{{z}_{1}}+{a}_{4}{g}_{{z}_{2}})={e}^{{h}_{1}},\\ ({a}_{1}{g}_{{z}_{1}}+{a}_{2}{g}_{{z}_{2}})({a}_{3}{f}_{{z}_{1}}+{a}_{4}{f}_{{z}_{2}})={e}^{{h}_{2}},\end{array}\right.

and

(

a

1

f

z

1

+

a

2

g

z

1

)

(

a

3

f

z

2

+

a

4

g

z

2

)

=

e

h

1

,

(

a

1

f

z

2

+

a

2

g

z

2

)

(

a

3

f

z

1

+

a

4

g

z

1

)

=

e

h

2

,

\left\{\begin{array}{l}({a}_{1}{f}_{{z}_{1}}+{a}_{2}{g}_{{z}_{1}})({a}_{3}{f}_{{z}_{2}}+{a}_{4}{g}_{{z}_{2}})={e}^{{h}_{1}},\\ ({a}_{1}{f}_{{z}_{2}}+{a}_{2}{g}_{{z}_{2}})({a}_{3}{f}_{{z}_{1}}+{a}_{4}{g}_{{z}_{1}})={e}^{{h}_{2}},\end{array}\right.

where

f

z

t

=

∂

f

t

∂

z

t

{f}_{{z}_{t}}=\frac{\partial {f}_{t}}{\partial {z}_{t}}

,

g

z

t

=

∂

g

t

∂

z

t

{g}_{{z}_{t}}=\frac{\partial {g}_{t}}{\partial {z}_{t}}

,

t
=
1
,
2

t=1,2

;

a

j

∈
C
,

j
=
1
,
2
,
3
,
4

{a}_{j}\in {\mathbb{C}},\hspace{0.33em}j=1,2,3,4

, and

h

1

{h}_{1}

and

h

2

{h}_{2}

are the polynomials in

C

2

{{\mathbb{C}}}^{2}

. More importantly, we list some examples to explain that our results about the forms of solutions of such systems are precise to some extent.
Mathematical modeling and computational analysis of hepatitis B virus transmission using the higher-order Galerkin scheme
Authors: Attaullah  , Boulaaras Salah , Jan Aasim Ullah , Hassan Tahir , Radwan Taha
Published: November 2024

Hepatitis B, a liver disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), poses a significant public health burden. The virus spreads through the exchange of bodily fluids between infected and susceptible individuals. Hepatitis B is a complex health challenge for individuals. In this research, we propose a nonlinear HBV mathematical model comprising seven compartments: susceptible, latent, acutely infected, chronically infected, carrier, recovered, and vaccinated individuals. Our model investigates the dynamics of HBV transmission and the impact of vaccination on disease control. Using the next-generation matrix approach, we derive the basic reproduction number

R

0

{R}_{0}

and determine the disease-free equilibrium points. We establish the global and local stability of the model using the Lyapunov function. The model is numerically solved using the higher-order Galerkin time discretization technique, and a comprehensive sensitivity analysis is carried out to investigate the impact of all physical parameters involved in the proposed nonlinear HBV mathematical model. A comparison was made of the accuracy and dependability with the findings produced using the Runge–Kutta fourth-order (RK4) approach. The findings highlight the critical need for vaccination, particularly among the exposed class, to facilitate rapid recovery and mitigate the spread of HBV. The results of this study provide valuable insights for public health policymakers and inform strategies for hepatitis B control and elimination.
Australian wheat and hardwood fibers for advanced packaging materials
Authors: Sharma Rahul , Ximenes Fabiano , Garnier Gil
Published: November 2024

Alternative crop fibers have shown great potential for paper applications, especially packaging. We demonstrate Australian wheat straw processing using a Regmed MD-3000 disc refiner to produce mechanical pulp fibers and assessment by making 60, 120 and 300 g/m2 handsheets. Wheat fibers and spotted gum fibers were then enzymatically sized (hydrophobized) by esterification to reduce the surface spread of water by 51 % and 36 %, respectively. Coffee pods (300 g/m2 equivalent) were manufactured using a thermoformer to demonstrate the versatility of mechanical wheat straw pulp fibers as a sustainable resource for food packaging application.
Response of potato tuber as an effect of the N-fertilizer and paclobutrazol application in medium altitude
Authors: Mubarok Syariful , Nuraini Anne , Kusumiyati Kusumiyati , Suwali Nursuhud , Hamdani Jajang Sauman
Published: November 2024

Development of G0 potato seeds in medium altitude with high temperatures has been constrained high temperatures, which inhibited plant growth and development, especially for tuber formation. The production of G0 potato seeds in the high-temperature area can be increased by the application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer and paclobutrazol (PBZ). The study aimed to identify the effect of different doses of N-fertilizer and the frequency of PBZ application on the plant growth and yield of first-generation potato seeds (G0) in medium land. The Randomized Complete Block Design with two factors was used in this experiment. The first factor was the dose of N-fertilizer (n
1 = 60, n
2 = 120, and n
3 = 180 kg/ha) and the second factor was the frequency of PBZ application (p
1 = 1, p
2 = 2, and p
3 = 3 times), applied starting at 40 DAP and repeated every 10 days with a concentration of 100 ppm. The results showed that there was a significant interaction between the dose of N-fertilizer and the frequency of PBZ application on plant dry weight. The 120 kg/ha of N-fertilizer-treated plants exhibited the highest plant height and the number of stolons per plant, whereas three times PBZ application treated plant exhibited the higher tuber growth rate, the number, and weight of tuber per plant with the value of number and weight of tuber per plant of 9.26 and 83.97 g, respectively. It can be concluded that N-fertilizer increased plant growth, whereas PBZ increased G0 potato seeds in the medium land altitude with high temperature.
Adverbs and adverbials in contemporary Arabic syntax: A phase-based account
Authors: Taha Mohammed , Mohamed Sultan Fazal Mohamed
Published: November 2024

In generative syntax, two major types of proposals – syntax-oriented and semantics-oriented proposals – have been used to examine adverbs and adverbials. Despite these proposals explaining the remarkable properties of adverb positioning, this class of words is heterogeneous and problematic in terms of their displacement. This study adopts scopal theories and proposes a partial semantic analysis using phases to describe adverbial positioning in Modern Standard Arabic. We argue that the semantic scope and the modification domain are the main determinants of adverbial position, which can best be analysed in terms of phases. In this regard, adverbials are classified into lower and higher adverbials. Lower adverbials have a narrow semantic scope and modification domain. They include subject-oriented and verb-oriented modifiers and freely adjoin the vP layer. Higher adverbials have a wider scope and modification domain. They include discourse-oriented modifiers and tend to attach to the Complementiser Phrase layer. In terms of their hierarchical order, discourse-oriented adverbials are higher than subject-oriented and verb-oriented modifiers in the articulated clause structure. This conclusion suggests that scopal theories along with language-specific rules may provide a unified generalization and straightforward account of the cross-linguistic distribution of adverbs and adverbials.
Innovative analysis to the time-fractional q-deformed tanh-Gordon equation via modified double Laplace transform method
Authors: Ali Khalid K. , Mohamed Mohamed S. , Alharbi Weam G. , Maneea Marwa
Published: November 2024

In this study, we introduce an efficient analysis of a new equation, termed the time-fractional

q

q

-deformed tanh-Gordon equation (TGE), which is the fractional form of the

q

q

-deformed TGE that was recently introduced by Ali and Alharbi. This equation represents a significant advancement in the field of mathematical physics, which is due to its applications in many fields including superconductivity and fiber optics. It has many applications in condensed matter physics and in modeling physical systems that exhibit violated symmetries. We investigate the

q

q

-deformed TGE in fractional form using Caputo fractional derivative to capture non-local and memory effects, which means they can take into account the entire history of a function rather than just its current value. Notably, this equation has not been previously solved in fractional form, making our approach pioneering in its analysis. We solve this equation utilizing the modified double Laplace transform method, which is considered a semi-analytical technique that combines the double Laplace transform with Adomian polynomials to enable us to extract nonlinear terms. This method renowned for its efficacy in handling fractional differential equations; this is evident from the results obtained in the tables by comparing the analytical solution with the approximate solution we obtained, as well as by calculating the absolute error between them. We examine the existence and the uniqueness of the solution utilizing Schaefer’s fixed-point theorem. Different graphs in 2D and 3D are presented to clarify the effect of different parameters on the behavior of the solution, specially the fractional operator and the deformation parameter

q

q

.
Acute effects of high-intensity interval training on microvascular circulation: a case control study in uveal melanoma
Authors: Mendes Wefelnberg Michael , Hubert Johanna , Baumann Freerk T. , Zubac Damir
Published: November 2024

Objectives

The aim of this study was to explore the acute effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on the microvascular circulation and vascular tumor microenvironment (TME) in a patient with uveal melanoma (UM). Additionally, the acceptance of the applied diagnostics and the exercise protocol in a clinical ophthalmic-oncology setting were evaluated.

Methods

This case-control study included a young adult male patient with UM previously treated with radiation and an age-matched healthy control. Participants underwent a baseline assessment of dynamic retinal vessel analysis (DRVA) and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) to determine endothelial function and intensity for HIIT. Optical coherences tomography angiography (OCTA) was performed before, immediately and 30 min after one session of HIIT. The primary outcome were changes in ocular vessel parameters and whole body oxygen uptake.

Results

The UM patient exhibited lower arterial dilation and constriction in the affected eye compared to his healthy eye and both eyes of the healthy control. OCTA revealed heterogeneous patterns of vascular response to HIIT in both participants. The tumor eye showed an increase followed by a significant decrease in vessel density post-exercise, while the healthy control exhibited minor increases.

Conclusions

The findings of this study highlighted the potential of UM combined with OCTA and DRVA as a model for examine exercise-induced vascular effects within the TME. However, a pre-treated UM as well as detailed image analyses and further research with longitudinal, randomized controlled designs are essential to validate these findings and address methodological limitations. Such investigations could refine integrative cancer treatment.
Multi-nozzle thrust matching control of STOVL engine
Authors: Pang Shuwei , Fu Xueting , Li Qiuhong , Zhou Wenxiang
Published: November 2024

A multi-nozzle thrust matching control method is proposed in this paper to provide the thrust vector required of lift-fan type short takeoff and vertical landing (STOVL) aircrafts during hover. Attitude-matched thrust commands for each nozzle of STOVL engine are generated based on a six-degree-of-freedom aircraft model. The thrust controller is divided into two blocks according to the coupling analysis. Based on the combination of linear matrix inequality and differential evolution algorithm, a multi-target controller parameters optimization method is proposed to achieve stable disturbance suppression and fast command tracking. Simulations results show that the proposed command generated model is effective and the decoupling control method can effectively suppress the coupling between the loops and realize the matching control of thrust.
Synthesis, in vitro anti-urease, In-silico molecular docking study and ADMET predictions of piperidine and piperazine Morita-Baylis-Hillman Adducts (MBHAs)
Authors: Aslam Samina , Ullah Sami , Ullah Hamid , Rehman Attiq Ur , Khan Naqeebullah , Baqi Abdul , Khan Yousaf
Published: November 2024

The current work describes an efficient synthesis of Morita-Baylis-Hillman adducts (MBHAs) derived heterocycles (4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 16 and 17) with the Michael addition of piperidine and piperazine heterocycles. The comparative studies of mono and di-hydrogen bond acceptors heterocycles, meta and para substituted nitro-phenyl rings and the isolated single diastereomer 16 through molecular docking coupled with in vivo bioactivities displayed very important results. The biological significances were observed against urease enzyme (IC50 = 3.95 ± 0.10 µM). Almost all the compounds displayed different ranges of inhibition potential whereas the di-hydrogen bond donor diastereomers 12 and 13 were found to be highly potent against the targeted enzyme while the remaining had shown comparable inhibitory activity. The diastereomers 12 and 13 were the most active having minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) IC50 = 3.95 ± 0.10 µM. All the synthesized compounds were docked and their best poses were explored for enhanced biological properties. The molecular docking studies revealed better binding interactions of the ligand with the target enzyme. Furthermore, ADMET predictions were also observed which revealed drug like properties for all the novel MBHAs based piperidine and piperazine derivatives.
Effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. leaf flavonoid-rich extract on Nrf-2 and HO-1 pathways in liver damage of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Ajiboye Basiru Olaitan , Famusiwa Courage Dele , Oyedare Damilola Ifeoluwa , Julius Biola Paul , Adewole Zainab Odunola , Ojo Oluwafemi Adeleke , Akindele Ajoke Fehintola Idayat , Hosseinzadeh Hossein , Brai Bartholomew I.C. , Oyinloye Babatunji Emmanuel , Vitalini Sara , Iriti Marcello
Published: November 2024

This study investigated the effects of flavonoid-rich extract from Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Malvaceae) leaves on liver damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by evaluating various biochemical parameters, including the molecular gene expressions of Nrf-2 and HO-1 as well as histological parameters. The extract was found to significantly reduce liver damage, as evidenced by lower levels of fragmented DNA and protein carbonyl concentrations. Oxidative stress markers, including malondialdehyde (MDA) level, were also significantly (p < 0.05) decreased, while antioxidant biomarkers, like reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were enhanced. Additionally, the extract improved the activities of key liver enzymes, including phosphatases and transaminases, and increased albumin levels. Importantly, the study demonstrated that H. sabdariffa extract effectively regulated the expression of Nrf-2 and HO-1, suggesting a significant role in mitigating liver damage. These findings highlight its potential as a therapeutic agent for liver protection in diabetic conditions.
The Physical Performance Uncertainty Facing Lacrosse Officials for the Los Angeles Olympics in 2028
Authors: Ripley Nicholas , Fahey Jack , Quinn Mark
Published: November 2024

Sixes Lacrosse (SL) is a newly developed format of field lacrosse (FL) to be included in the 2028 Los Angeles Olympics. Officials are crucial to upholding the rules of the game and maintaining player safety. There is currently no evidence of the match demands of lacrosse officials. The purpose of this narrative review is to explore the match demands of officials of other team sports to enable comparison with expected demands for officials in SL. Based on the literature on other team sports, SL officials will likely cover lower total distances than FL; however, this will likely be at higher relative intensities. International SL tournaments are currently designed to be held over a short period; hence, match officials should be prepared to cope with the volume with preparation and recovery strategies. This review highlights that research is needed to identify the expected demands of SL for match officials to provide appropriate training guidelines to maximize performance. Of similar importance, developing a specific and appropriate testing battery needs to be designed that matches the demands of the sport at the highest level, which could aid practitioners and the world governing body in providing future recommendations for lacrosse officials.
The Quality of Life among Patients with Lyme Disease – a Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Jucha Daria , Kolarczyk Ewelina , Żółtańska Joanna , Banaszak-Żak Bogusława , Młynarska Agnieszka
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Quality of life plays an important role in the fields of health and medicine.
Aim. The purpose of this study was to assess the quality of life of Lyme disease patients in relation to sociodemographic factors and life satisfaction.
Material and Methods. The study was conducted by a diagnostic survey among 126 Lyme disease patients. The study used The World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire and the Satisfaction with Life Scale.
Results. Among the respondents, those over 55 years of age had significantly lower somatic quality of life than those younger than 35 years of age (p=0.016). Those with secondary or higher education were characterized by higher quality of life in the somatic sphere than those with vocational education (p<0.05). Women were characterized by a statistically significantly higher quality of life in the social sphere than men(p=0.003). Those in a relationship were characterized by a higher quality of life in the environmental sphere than those who were single (p<0.05), a positive correlation between life satisfaction and quality of life in the somatic and social spheres(p<0.05; rho≤0.5), and in the environmental sphere(p<0.05; rho≤0.7).
Conclusions. Lyme disease patients have an average level of quality of life, the spheres of which are influenced by such factors as gender, age, marital status education and life satisfaction. (JNNN 2024;13(3):100–105)