bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Purple sea urchins Paracentrotus lividus grazing on alien species Rugulopteryx okamurae.
Authors: Cruzado Ismael Hachero , Muñoz Miriam , Zuasti Eugenia , Jiménez Teresa
Published: March 2023

Rugulopteryx okamurae is an invasive nonindigenous marine species (NIS) of macroalgae present in the benthic communities of the Strait of Gibraltar that have colonised quickly most of the coast of this strait triggering ecological, economic and social consequences. Sea urchins (Paracentrotus lividus) are generalist herbivore with potential to provide resistance to this NIS. The objectives of this study were to assess if the generalist herbivore sea urchin consumes the invasive macroalgae R. okamurae under laboratory conditions, to known the grazing preferences when this NIS macroalgae is offered together with the native species Ulva ohnoi, as well as to find biochemical tissue markers related with R. okamurae ingestion. In this study two experiments were carried out. In the first experiment sea urchins were evaluated in groups for two months, and afterwards, in a second experiment, the same specimens were used to analyse individual preferences, feeding rates and fatty acid profiles. Daily food consumption rates showed that sea urchins accepted the NIS seaweed R. okamurae as food under laboratory conditions and even increase its intake over a long exposure period. In the same way, we observed that elective values for non-native species improve when P. lividus was exposed to R. okamurae for a long time, also showing differences among individuals. Regarding the fatty acids profiles of tissues, our results shown that arachidonic acid discriminates intestines of sea urchins fed with R. okamurae, while the gonad fatty acid composition was not directly related with diet.
miRNA-769-5p and Smad2 Differential Expression in Patients with or without Oral cGVHD
Authors: Yong Xiangzhi , Zhou YuXi , Jiang Qiaozhi , Liu Zhenmin , Wu Tiantian , Zhang Zhongming , He Rongquan , Chen Gang , Tao Renchuan
Published: March 2023

Background: Oral chronic graft versus host disease (Oral cGVHD) affects the life quality of patient. But its pathogenesis is still unclear. MicroRNA (miRNA) involves in numerous pathologic and physiologic processes.
Objective: To preliminarily observe the change of miRNAs in oral cGVHD.
Methods: Peripheral venous blood was taken from 8 cases of oral cGVHD, 8 cases without oral cGVHD, and 8 cases of healthy control group to construct the miRNAs library by Illumina Hiseq 2500 platform. The expression of miRNA-769-5p was detected by qRT-PCR in each group with subjects adding to 15. The interactions between miRNA-769-5p and Smad2 mRNA was verified by dual-luciferase assay. qRT-PCR and ELISA was used to detect the mRNA and protein level of Smad2 in peripheral blood respectively.
Results: All three groups expressed 518 miRNAs and 191 miRNAs showed significantly different expression. The expression of miRNA-769-5p was the higher in non-oral cGVHD patients than that in oral cGVHD patients, and were of certain value in the diagnosis of oral cGVHD. The levels of Smad2 mRNA and protein were higher in the oral cGVHD group than those without oral cGVHD. As a target of miRNA-769-5p, Smad2 mRNA was negatively related to it.
Conclusion: Differential expression of miRNAs, especially miRNA-769-5p may be involved in oral cGVHD. High expression of circulating Smad2 may be associated with the oral cGVHD, which might be regulated by miRNA-769-5p.
The Effect of TRAIL C1595T Variant on Serum TRAIL Levels in Colorectal Cancer and Its Histopathological Significance
Authors: Yaylim Ilhan , Horozoglu Cem , Yildiz Asli , Sonmez Dilara , Demirkol Seyda , Yildiz Yemliha , Hakan Mehmet Tolgahan , Kucukhuseyin Ozlem , Zeybek Umit , Arikan Soykan , Faroqi Ammad
Published: March 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
How do Households Cope during Aggregate Shocks? Evidence from the 2009-2015 Oil Crisis in Nigeria
Authors: Animashaun Jubril , Wossink Ada
Published: March 2023

The effect of global oil price fluctuations on households’ costs of living in Nigeria is examined. We extend a simplified model of the microeconomic implication of macroeconomic shocks that allows for cross-sectional heterogeneity in households’ distributions and consumption preferences. First, we show the effect of global oil price shocks heterogeneously varies depending on households’ preferences and consumption bundles. Second, due to the oil economies' enclave nature, we show that shocks would create a specific distributional effect that is more pronounced on households closely related to the oil economy. For the empirical analysis, we use oil prices between the years 2009 to 2015, and micro-level data from the Nigerian General Household Survey (GHS) collected between 2010 and 2016 in Nigeria. Our empirical results confirm our prediction: oil prices differ depending on how closely the regional economy is tied to oil production. We also find evidence supporting consumption substitution strategies, adjustments in household size, and labor supply as some coping responses to oil price changes.

JEL: D1, O12, O55
The Helpful Effect of Vitamin D and Coconut Oil in Modulating the Histological Disorders of the Splenic Tissue in Hyperglycemic Mice
Authors: El-Desouki Nabila Ibrahim , Salem Mohamed L. , Afifi Dalia F. , Nasef Nasef M. , Abdallah Faten M.
Published: March 2023

The present study aims to study the effect of vitamin D (Vit D) or / and coconut oil (Coc) on the splenic histological changes of diabetic adult mice induced by STZ. The mice were divided into 7 groups, and the experimental duration was 4 weeks. GpI: control group without any treatments; GpII&GpIII: non-diabetic groups orally received Vit D in a dose of 500 IU (6.25 ml)/kg b.w/d or Coc in a dose of 7.5 ml /kg b.w/d; GpIV: diabetic group injected i.p. with a single dose of STZ (200 mg/kg bw); Gps V,VI &VII: administration of Vit D or Coc or both together to diabetic group. The results recorded: GpII&GpIII no significant changes in the blood glucose (BG), insulin&splenic weight levels. GpIV had a significant increase in BG, significant decrease in insulin & splenic weight values. GpV recorded a modest decrease in BG, and a modest rise in insulin & a marked splenic weight atrophy; while GpVI or GpVII registered a marked decrease in BG, a rise in insulin levels & a marked splenic weight increment. Histologically, the splenic sections of control or non-diabetic mice received either Vit D or Coc demonstrated normal structure of the splenocytes. GpIV showed great numbers of giant cells, disarrangement and interference of red and white pulps, and dilated congested blood vessels. Little improvement was seen in GpV while GpVI or GpVII showed a marked improvement in the splenic tissues. In conclusion, diabetic mice received either Coc or co-dministered with Vit D demonstrated strong anti-hyperglycemic effects to recovery the glucose and insulin rates to typical levels, and restored the splenic weight and histological architecture to normal status than those given Vit D alone.
MMP2 gene polymorphism and tumor susceptibility study
Authors: Gao Lei , Zhang Lifeng , Shi Xiaokai , Zuo Li
Published: March 2023

Background：Genetic polymorphisms in the signaling axis of metalloproteinases (MMPs) can influence cancer susceptibility. The relationship between two MMPs gene variants, rs243865 C/T and rs2285053 C/T, and cancer risk still needs to be explored. The aim of this study was to comprehensively investigate the relationship between MMPs polymorphisms and cancer susceptibility.
Methods: We conducted a comprehensive assessment using odds ratios (ORs), corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and in silico tools to evaluate the effect of MMP2 variations. Immunohistochemical staining (IHS) and GSEA analysis were used to investigate the expression of MMP2 in urinary system cancer.
Results: The pooled analysis involved 86 case-control studies including 26326 cancer patients and 32651 controls. The rs243865 C/T polymorphism was associated with the risk of cancer (C-allele versus T-allele, OR = 0.836, 95%CI = 0.730-0.958, P = 0.010; TC versus CC, OR =0.781, 95%CI = 0.686-0.890, P = 0.000; TT+TC versus CC, OR = 0.798, 95%CI = 0.693-0.919, P = 0.002), especially for cancers of the
prostate, ENT, lung, gastric, esophageal, head and neck. Variation rs2285053 C/T was associated with cancer susceptibility, especially for lung and gastric cancer. IHS analysis showed that MMP2 was upregulated in bladder cancer. GSEA revealed that the Leukocyte transendothelial migration pathway, focal adhesion pathway, and JSK-STAT-signaling pathway were enriched in the high MMP2 expression group.
Conclusions: The MMP2 rs243865 C/T polymorphism may be associated with susceptibility of prostate cancer.
Deforestation as the prominent driver of the intensifying wildfire in Cambodia revealed through geospatial analysis
Authors: Sim Min Sung , Wee Shi Jun , Park Edward , Alcantara Enner
Published: March 2023

Cambodia has the most fires per area in Southeast Asia, with fire activity significantly increasing since the early 2000s. Wildfire occurrences are multi-factorial in nature and isolating the relative contribution of each driver remains a challenge. In this study, we quantify the relative importance of each driver of fire, by analyzing annual spatial regression models of fire occurrence across Cambodia from 2003–2020. Our models demonstrated satisfactory performance explaining 69 to 81% of the variance in fire. We found that deforestation was consistently the dominant driver of fire across 48 to 70% of the country throughout the study period. Although the influence of low precipitation on fires has increased over the last two years, the period is not long enough to establish any significant trends. During the study period, wind speed, elevation, and soil moisture had a slight influence of 6-20% without any clear trend, indicating that deforestation continues to be the main driver of fire. Our study improves current understanding of the drivers of biomass fires across Cambodia, and the methodological framework developed here (quantitative decoupling of the drivers) has strong potential to be applied to other fire-prone areas around the world.
Preconception Helicobacter pylori infection might adversely affect pregnancy outcome
Authors: Hagras Ahmed M. , Abdelazim Ibrahim A. , Abdou A. M. , Hussein Naglaa A. , Samaha Ihab. I. , Elhamamy Nareman
Published: March 2023

Background: The association between H. pylori infection, and adverse pregnancy outcomes is still controversial, and no available guidelines recommend screening for H. pylori infection before and/or during pregnancy.
Objectives: To detect the incidence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in Egyptian pregnant women, and the adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with H. pylori infection.
Methods: Data of 305 pregnant women with regular antenatal follow-up, and complete delivery records were finally analyzed in study to detect the incidence of H. pylori in Egyptian pregnant women, and the adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with H. pylori infection.
The collected blood samples from the studied participants during the antenatal care were used for detection of anti-H. Pylori IgG. Participants were categorized according to anti-H. Pylori IgG to either H. Pylori-positive (study group), or H. Pylori-negative controls. Participants were followed-up in the antenatal clinics till delivery to detect any adverse outcome either during pregnancy and/or during delivery [i.e., hyperemesis gravidarum, iron deficiency anemia, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, and preterm deliveries].
Results: The incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum, iron deficiency anemia, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, and preterm deliveries was significantly higher in the studied H. Pylori-positive group (8.5%, 34.9%, 6.98%,13.18%, and 10.9% respectively) compared to H. Pylori-negative controls (1.14%, 19.3%, 1.7%, 3.4%, and 3.98%respectively), (P=0.002, 0.01, 0.02, 0.003, and 0.02, respectively). The H. Pylori-positive group had significantly higher odds, and risks of hyperemesis gravidarum [OR 8.1 (P=0.007), and RR 7.5 (P=0.008)], iron deficiency anemia [OR 2.2 (P=0.002), and RR 1.8 (P=0.002)], and preeclampsia [OR 4.3 (P=0.03), and RR 4.1 (P=0.03)] compared to H. Pylori-negative controls.
The H. Pylori-positive group had also significantly higher odds, and risks of gestational diabetes mellitus [OR 4.3 (P=0.002), and RR 3.9 (P=0.003)], and preterm deliveries [OR 2.9 (P=0.02), and RR 2.7 (P=0.02)] compared to H. Pylori-negative controls.
Conclusion: The incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum, iron deficiency anemia, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, and preterm deliveries was significantly higher in the studied H. Pylori-positive participants compared to non-infected controls. The H. Pylori-positive group had significantly higher odds, and risks of hyperemesis gravidarum, iron deficiency anemia, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, and preterm deliveries compared to H. Pylori-negative controls.
Optimizing HIV case identification among children and understanding remaining gaps in pediatric HIV testing in Kinshasa, DRC
Authors: Ingala Dominique , Bakebua Winnie , Banzadio Fideline , Tshishi Dieudonne , Loando Aime , Mboyo Aimé , Gill Michelle M.
Published: March 2023

Background
It is critical to identify children living with HIV and initiate lifesaving treatment early. The Pediatric Accelerated Case Finding Effort focused on line-listing and HIV testing of biological children among HIV-positive clients. We describe HIV testing and seropositivity rates following the initiative and gaps along the pediatric index testing cascade to inform HIV case finding optimization.
Methods
This mixed-methods study involved collecting monthly data on index testing outcomes, including line-listing (identifying biologic children < 15 years), HIV testing and ART initiation from March 2020 to July 2021 in 35 facilities in Kinshasa. Data were summarized and presented for the first month (as a baseline proxy) and the entire study period. Qualitative data were collected from 14 healthcare workers participating in in-depth interviews and 33 community health workers in four focus group discussions. Audio recordings were transcribed and translated from Lingala or French into English and coded using MAXQDA software. Data were thematically analyzed according pediatric case finding barriers and strategies.
Results
At baseline, in March 2020, among 3,337 eligible female index clients, 1,634 (49.0%) underwent line-listing to identify children with unknown HIV status. By July 2021, all eligible female index clients (n = 11,734) had a line-list. Of the contacts, 9,871/11,848 (83.3%) were HIV-tested. Of contacts tested, 662 (6.7%) were diagnosed as HIV-positive, with 535 (80.8%) age 5–14 years; 99.5% initiated treatment. Providers attributed gaps in HIV testing primarily to testing refusals for children due to non-disclosure among parents and logistical or financial obstacles to transportation for outreach. COVID-19 movement restrictions and exposure fears also limited provider interactions for testing. Provider-implemented strategies included transport reimbursement, extensive counseling and alternative approaches to child testing for parents in sero-discordant relationships.
Conclusion
Following intensified efforts around pediatric case finding, we found a high HIV positivity yield of 6.7% among previously undiagnosed children, with 81% of infected children ≥ 5 years. While line-listing improved over time, outreach for HIV testing remained the largest gap, missing an opportunity to reach 17% of undiagnosed children. Ensuring adequate resources for HIV testing and outreach and supporting disclosure among couples, while emphasizing elicitation of ART clients’ biological children can help to optimize pediatric case finding.
Hydrophilic species are the most reactive components of freshwater dissolved organic matter
Authors: Grasset Charlotte , Groeneveld Marloes , Tranvik Lars , Robertson Luke , Hawkes Jeffrey
Published: March 2023

Aquatic dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a crucial component of the global carbon cycle, and the extent to which DOM escapes mineralization is important for the transport of organic carbon from the continents to the ocean. DOM persistence strongly depends on its molecular properties, but little is known about which specific properties cause the continuum in reactivity among different dissolved molecules. We investigated how DOM fractions, separated according to their hydrophobicity, differ in reactivity across three different inland water systems. We found a strong negative relationship between hydrophobicity and reactivity, consistent for the three systems. The most hydrophilic fraction was poorly recovered by solid phase extraction (SPE) (3-28% DOC recovery) and was thus selectively missed by mass spectrometry analysis during SPE. The change in DOM composition after incubation was very low according to SPE-ESI (electrospray ionization)-mass spectrometry (14% change, while replicates had 11% change), revealing that this method is sub-optimal to assess DOM reactivity, regardless of fraction hydrophobicity. Our results demonstrate that SPE-ESI mass spectrometry does not detect the most hydrophilic and most reactive species. Hence, they question our current understanding on the relationships between DOM reactivity and its molecular composition, which is built on the use of this method.
Selecting the Best Model for Complex Interplay Between HIV and Nutrition
Authors: Sreejithku Vivek , Ghods Kia , Bandara Tharusha , Martcheva Maia , Tuncer Necibe
Published: March 2023

HIV is a serious infectious disease. The role of nutrition in HIV progression has long been recognized. However, no mathematical models exist to describe the interplay of HIV with the nutritional components. In this paper, we present a family of models of HIV and the two protein components albumin and globulin. We use data from SIV-infected monkeys to perform model selection on the family of models. We discover that the simplest model accurately and uniquely describes the data. The selection of the simplest model leads to the observation that albumin and globulin do not impact the infection rate of target cells by the virus and the clearance of the infected target cells by the immune system. Furthermore, we obtain that the recruitment of target cells and immune cells do not depend on the globulin. Mathematical analysis of the selected model reveals that the model has an infection-free equilibrium and a unique infected equilibrium when the reproduction number is above one. The infection-free equilibrium is locally stable when the reproduction number is below one, and unstable when the reproduction number is greater than one. The infection equilibrium is locally stable whenever it exists. To determine the parameters of the best fitted model we perform structural and practical identifiability analysis. The structural identifiability analysis reveals that the model is identifiable when the immune cell infection rate is fixed at a value obtained from the literature. Practical identifiability reveals that only seven of the sixteen parameters are practically identifiable with the given data. Practical identifiability of parameters performed with synthetic data sampled a lot more frequently reveals that only two parameters are practically unidentifiable. We conclude that experiments that will improve the quality of the data can help improve the parameter estimates and lead to better understanding of the interplay of HIV and nutrition.
Using deep learning to identify the stenosis of the vertebral foramen and intervertebral canal accurately with the index IoU
Authors: Wu Chih-Ying , Yeh Wei-Chang , Hsu Che-Wei , Chang Shiaw-Meng , Lin Zi-Jie , Hsieh Ching-Liang
Published: March 2023

Artificial intelligence is a computer technology that has attracted considerable attention in recent years. As computer equipment has become increasingly advanced, deep learning in the field of artificial intelligence has made breakthroughs. In recent years, the use of deep learning in the medical field has contributed to many issues of efficiency and accuracy. Regardless of the excellent results in radiology, pathology, endoscopy, ultrasound, and biochemical examination, in this study, we used deep learning as a tool to identify spinal canals and spinal foramen stenosis. Based on previous studies, new techniques, such as erosion and expansion, were added to make the results more accurate, and provide area, IoU and other indicators for evaluation. This paper not only applies the latest computer science and information engineering technology--deep learning to medicine, but also uses a breakthrough network model to improve the recognition effect.Use quantitative indicators to make results more reliable. In this study, we compared two network architecture, Resnet50 and VGG16, to identify the spinal canal and intervertebral foramen. Resnet50 had quite good results in IoU, which were 77.4% and 80.9% in spinal canal and intervertebral foramen, respectively.
A Prospective Study on Direct Out-of-Pocket Expenses of Hospitalized Patients with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in a Philippine tertiary care center
Authors: Ang Blake Warren , Fernandez Lenora
Published: March 2023

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in the Philippines and majority of the economic burden lies in hospitalizations during an exacerbation. Despite coverage of hospitalization cost with the national health insurance system (Phil-Health) for COPD exacerbations, patients often pay out-of-pocket. This study aimed to determine the demographic characteristics of COPD admissions at a Philippine tertiary care center, Philippine General Hospital, and assess mean cost of hospitalization, and identify predictors of prolonged hospitalization and cost >20,000 Philippine pesos (Php). A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted for 6 months by chart review. Patients were categorized as charity service patients, that is, with no charged professional fees and free medications and private service patients who pay for their health care services. A total of 43 COPD admissions were included. The average daily cost of hospitalization (per 1,000 pesos) for service patients was at 4.25 compared to private service patients at 16. Demographic characteristics and type of accommodation were not significant predictors of prolonged hospital stay nor hospitalization cost of > Php 20,000. Accommodation cost and professional fees accounted for majority of the overall cost for private patients, while medications and diagnostic tests were the major contributor to the overall cost for charity patients. Despite existence of Phil-health, in-patient coverage for COPD remain insufficient. Measures for maximizing COPD control in the out-patient setting could potentially reduce total cost for this disease.
Investigating the impact of compound extremes on crop yield response of cotton: A case study
Authors: Kandula Srikanth , Manikanta Velpuri , Umamahesh N V
Published: March 2023

Agricultural productivity is significantly affected by weather and climate extremes such as droughts and heat waves. Despite several studies addressing the impact of individual and compound extremes on crop yields, there needs to be more comprehensive understanding of their duration thresholds beyond which the crop declines significantly. Hence, in this study, an analysis was carried out to understand the duration thresholds of the compound and individual extremes under varying scenarios for cotton. Future yields were simulated using the bias-corrected projections from 8 climate models and DSSAT-CROPGRO-Cotton crop simulation model. Future yields are predicted for three different scenarios i) rainfed with constant [CO2] (S1), ii) rainfed with elevated [CO2] (S2) and iii) full irrigation with elevated [CO2] (S3). The results reveal that the overall cotton yields in the study area are likely to decrease by the end of the century under all scenarios (SSP585 > SSP370 > SSP245). The duration threshold (change point) increases from S1 to S3, i.e., S1 < S2 < S3. Due to Coincidental Heatwaves and Droughts and Heatwaves alone in the SSP585 scenario, a decline in the crop yield of about 33%, 23%, and 15% is observed in the S1, S2, and S3 scenarios, respectively.
Ventilation efficacy during Paediatric Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (PEDIVENT): Simulation-based Comparative Study
Authors: Skříšovska Tamara , Kosinová Martina , Djakow Jana , Jabandžiev Petr , Kramplová Tereza , Klučka Jozef , Agalarev Viktor , Štourač Petr
Published: March 2023

Background: To our knowledge, this is the first study concerning the effectiveness of 5 initial breaths and subsequent ventilation during paediatric resuscitation. The recommendations on initial resuscitation in unresponsive non-breathing children differ worldwide. Most cardiac arrests in children are secondary (hypoxic or asphyctic in origin) and ventilation during resuscitation is associated with better neurological outcomes. However, it is not clear whether the particular introduction sequence of paediatric resuscitation has any impact on the outcomes and if the effectiveness of ventilation could be improved by simulation based training.
Methods: The aim of this prospective simulation-based comparative study was to evaluate the ventilation efficacy during paediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) provided by health care professionals (HCP) and lay rescuers (LR). The primary outcome was the number of effective breaths during 5 initial CPR breaths. The secondary outcomes were: sub-analysis of 2 first ventilation attempts, time to first effective ventilation, time to 5 and 2 effective breaths, number and percentage of 5 initial breath attempts with ideal, low and high volume, and time to the chest compressions initiation. All parameters were measured before and after structured simulation based training. HCPs and LRs performed 90 seconds of CPR on 2 mannequins: 5 kg Baby and 20 kg Junior. The HCPs provided bag-mask ventilation; LR performed dispatcher-assisted CPR with mouth-to-mouth ventilation.
Results: Data were obtained from 40 HCPs and 46 LRs. Significant improvement in the number of effective ventilations before and after the training in Baby was in HCPs 26 (65%) vs. 40 (100%) and in LRs 28 (60.9%) vs. 45(97.8%), (both P˂0.001). In Junior the improvement was significant only in the LR group 32 (82.1%) vs. 37 LR (94.9%), P=0.005), but not in the HCPs group (31 HCPs before (77.5%) and 32 HCPs after structured training (82.1%), (P=0.77).
Conclusion: The structured training improved the number of effective ventilation during simulated paediatric CPR performed by health care professionals and lay rescuers.
Trial Registration: This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT05345704)
Chatting with ChatGPT: Investigating the Impact on Psychological Well-being and Self-esteem with a Focus on Harmful Stereotypes and Job Anxiety as Moderator.
Authors: Salah Mohammed , Alhalbusi Hussam , Abdelfattah Fadi , Ismail Maria Mohd
Published: March 2023

Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology has revolutionized how we interact with information and entertainment, with ChatGPT, a language model developed by OpenAI, one of its prominent applications. However, there is limited knowledge of the psychological impact of interacting with ChatGPT. This study aims to investigate the relationships between trust in ChatGPT, user perception of ChatGPT, stereotype perception of ChatGPT, and two psychological outcomes: psychological well-being and self-esteem. The study hypothesizes that trust in ChatGPT, user perception of ChatGPT, and stereotype perception of ChatGPT have a positive direct relationship with self-esteem. Additionally, the study proposes that the relationship between trust in ChatGPT, user perception of ChatGPT, and psychological well-being is moderated by job anxiety. Using a survey design, data were collected from a sample of participants (n = 732), and the relationships between the variables were analyzed using regression analysis. The results indicate that stereotype perception of ChatGPT significantly predicts self-esteem, while user perception of ChatGPT and trust in ChatGPT have a positive direct relationship with self-esteem. The study also found that job anxiety moderates the relationship between user perception of ChatGPT and psychological well-being. The study provides important insights into the psychological effects of interacting with AI technology and highlights the role of job anxiety in moderating these effects. These findings have implications for the development and use of AI technology in various fields, such as mental health and human-robot interactions.
Screening of diagnostic biomarkers for Ferroptosis-related osteoarthritis and construction of a risk-prognosis model
Authors: Yan Yiqun , Cheng Wendan , Yu Haoran , He Junyan , Wang Changming
Published: March 2023

Background
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent and commonly chronic joint disease that frequently develops among the elderly population. It is not just a single tissue that is affected, but rather a pathology involving the entire joint. Among them, synovitis is a key pathological change in OA. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered form of cell death that results from the buildup of lipid peroxidation. However, the role and impact of it in OA are yet to be explored.
Objective
The key to this work is to uncover the mechanisms of ferroptosis-related OA pathogenesis and develop more novel diagnostic biomarkers to facilitate the diagnostic and therapeutic of OA.
Materials and Methods
Download FRGs and OA synovial chip datasets separately from the FerrDB and GEO databases. Identify FDEGs using R software, obtain the intersection genes through two machine learning algorithms, and obtain diagnostic biomarkers after logistic regression analysis. Verify the diagnostic and therapeutic efficacy of specific genes for OA through the construction of clinical risk prognostic models using ROC curves and nomogram. Simultaneously, correlations between specific genes and OA immune cell infiltration co-expression were constructed. Finally, verify the differential presentation of specific genes in OA and HC synovium.
Results
Obtain 38 FDEGs through screening. Based on machine learning algorithms and logistic regression analysis, select AGPS, BRD4, RBMS1, and EGR1 as diagnostic biomarker genes. The diagnostic and therapeutic efficacy of the four specific genes for OA has been validated by ROC curves and nomogram of clinical risk prognostic models. The analysis of immune cell infiltration and correlation suggests a close association between specific genes and OA immune cell infiltration. Further revealing the diagnostic value of specific genes for OA by the differential presentation analysis of their differential presentation in synovial tissue from OA and HC.
Conclusion
This study identified four diagnostic biomarkers for OA that are associated with iron death. The establishment of a risk-prognostic model is conducive to the premature diagnosis of OA, evaluating functional recovery during rehabilitation, and guidance for subsequent treatment.
Mediating Effect of Non-Exercise Estimation of Cardiorespiratory Fitness on Relationship Between Physical Comorbidity and Depression in Korean Adult Cancer Survivors
Authors: Jin Youngyun , Kim Taewan , Kim Donghyun
Published: March 2023

To determine relationship between physical comorbidity (PC) and depression in Korean adults’ cancer survivors and understand if non-exercise estimation of cardiorespiratory fitness (eCRF) might have a mediating effect on such relationship. Data of 448 cancer survivors aged 20–64 years old in Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Ⅶ-Ⅷ (2016–2020) were analyzed. Depression was assessed with a 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Subjects were categorized into two groups: normal and depression. PC was defined if a participant was diagnosed by a physician or was being treated at the time of the survey. eCRF was determined with sex and age-specific algorithms. In the mediation model, PC (β = 1.836, 95%CI: 1.577 to 2.095, p < 0.001) was significantly association with depression and eCRF levels mediated (indirect effect = 0.094, bootstrap 95%CI: 0.028 to 0.146) this association. Mediation analysis showed a significant, direct, and indirect effect with a significant Sobel test value (z = 2.517, p = 0.011). The relationship between PC and depression was significantly mediated by eCRF levels. Early physical activity interventions might prevent depression in cancer survivors with chronic diseases.
Underwater Acoustic Performance of SiC Foam Ceramic Materials
Authors: Şahiner Barış , Baykara Tarık , Ozbek Sunullah , Demirural Alparslan
Published: March 2023

One of the major tasks of the underwater warfare is to detect underwater objects such as vehicles, vessels, weapons and equipment. The conduct of underwater warfare mostly depends upon the advancement of detection and identification sensors and materials. The wide variation in types and characteristics of materials may affect the underwater detection capabilities despite recently developed sonar systems. The materials with high porosity are known to provide lower acoustical signature than conventional metallic plates in common. The aim of this study is to examine the acoustical signature and the efficiency of open celled SiC foam ceramics as covering and/or casing material for naval mines. Sonar frequencies widely used in mine countermeasure operations for detection purposes, 80kHz, 85kHz, 90khZ, 95kHz and 100kHz were applied to the acoustic tests. The experimental results obtained from the study shows that the SiC foam ceramic plate leads a 19,2% reduction in reflection, 90,5 % and 96 % lower values are obtained in transmission and 78,4 % and 68,6 % lower values are obtained at 60° and 30° in scattering compared to the reference steel plate.
Application of Minnan folk light and shadow animation in built environment in object detection algorithm
Authors: Wu Sichao , Wu Shengzhen
Published: March 2023

For the problems of deep convolutional neural network model with many parameters and memory resource consumption, a lightweight network-based algorithm for building detection of Minnan folk light SAR images is proposed. Firstly, based on the rotating target detection algorithm R-centernet, the Ghost ResNet network is constructed to reduce the number of model parameters by replacing the traditional convolution in the backbone network with Ghost convolution. Secondly, a channel attention module integrating width and height information is proposed to enhance the network's ability to accurately locate salient regions in folk light images.CARAFE upsampling is used to replace the DCN module in the network to fully incorporate feature map information during upsampling to improve target detection. Finally, the constructed dataset of rotated and annotated light and shadow SAR images is trained and tested using the improved R-centernet algorithm. The experimental results show that the improved algorithm improves the accuracy by 3.8%, the recall by 1.2%, and the detection speed by 12 frames/second compared with the original R-centernet algorithm.
How does water management impact the effects of straw returning on biological nitrogen fixation and diazotrophs?
Authors: Zhang Yanhui , Hu Tianlong , Wang Hui , Liu Qi , Wang Jing , Chen Zhe , Shu Liangzuo , Xie Zubin
Published: March 2023

Background and aims
Both straw incorporation and water management affect biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), but it is unclear how water management impact the effects of straw returning on BNF and diazotrophs in rice fields.
Methods
A 15N2-labelling system was used to determine BNF under straw returning with continuous or intermittent flooding in rice field for 90 days. The nitrogenase nifH gene and nifH RNA gene (cDNA) were amplified by qPCR and the community structure of diazotroph was studied by high-throughput sequencing of nifH DNA gene.
Results
Combined continuous flooding and straw incorporation, BNF was 14.29 kg ha-1, which was much higher than 6.62 kg ha-1 under straw incorporation and intermittent flooding. Straw incorporation and continuous flooding showed an obvious synergistic effects on BNF, nifH DNA gene copy number and nifH cDNA gene copy number. The increased effects were mainly attributed to the increase of heterotrophic diazotrophs Desulfovibrionaceae, Azonexus and Azotobacter.
Conclusions
In conclusion, straw incorporation under continuous flooding could increase BNF greatly than under intermittent flooding. The results indicated that combined straw incorporation and continuous water flooding could build soil fertility faster.
A Rare Incidence of Metastatic Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma to the Mandible: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Raffaelli Samuel D. , Shupak Raymond P. , Winstead Michael , Hockaday Joshua J. , Kim Roderick Y.
Published: March 2023

Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) primarily metastasizes via regional lymphatics making its spread to the oral cavity exceedingly rare. Although this disease remains the most common endocrine malignancy, comprising roughly 85%-90% of all thyroid cancers, it’s occurrence within the oral cavity is seldom seen. This study identifies a case report involving a 77-year-old male with a past medical history of well-differentiated PTC that was initially treated with a total thyroidectomy and adjuvant radioactive iodine. Approximately five years after his initial treatment, surveillance imaging demonstrated a 3.0 x 1.8 x 2.0 cm expansile mass at the left mandibular body with erosion of the lingual cortex. An incisional biopsy then confirmed the diagnosis of metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma. The patient was treated with a segmental resection of his mandible and final reconstruction utilizing a fibula free flap. Given the limited number of cases involving metastatic spread of PTC to the head and neck region, a standardized treatment algorithm does not currently exist. Thus, this case serves to provide a documented report of this rare occurrence and to review literature that may help other clinicians treat patients with this malignancy type. There remains a need for future studies to create risk stratification models for patients with metastatic PTC that consider margin analysis, genetic characteristics, and elevated risk factors for metastasis to tailor individual treatment plans.
Determinantal point processes associated with Bergman kernels: Construction and limit theorems
Authors: Lemoine Thibaut
Published: March 2023

We study determinantal point processes whose correlation kernel is the Bergman kernel of a high power of a positive Hermitian holomorphic line bundle over a compact complex manifold. We construct such processes in analogy to the orthogonal ensembles in random matrix theory, where the correlation kernel is the famous Christoffel-Darboux kernel. Using a near-diagonal expansion of the Bergman kernel, we prove that the scaling limit of these point processes is given by a multidimensional generalization of the infinite Ginibre ensemble. As an application, we obtain a convergence in probability of their empirical measures to an equilibrium measure related to the complex Monge-Ampère equations. We finally establish a large deviation principle for weighted versions of these processes, whose rate function is the Legendre-Fenchel transform of the Mabuchi functional.
MSC Classification: 32Q10 , 60B20 , 60D05 , 60F05 , 60F10
Chromosome 4q deletion syndrome: 4q13.3-q21.23 deletion syndrome with mental retardation, congenital heart disease: a case report and literature review
Authors: Wang Dan , Huang Chuican , Luo Qing , Huang Zhengning , Zhang Cheng , Fan Li-Chun
Published: March 2023

Objective. Chromosome 4q deletion syndrome is a rare disease, and the reported genotypes cannot fully explain the clinical manifestations. This article aims to present a case that provides ideas for the clinical diagnosis of similar conditions, by adding new genotypes to the 4q deletion fragment gene pool.
Case presentation.A female child aged 7-month and 3-day-old was born after repeated treatments for “cleft palate, atrial septal defect, mixed deafness, corpus callosum developmental malformation” and other diseases. By searching the PubMed, and Web of Science, CNKI, the published literature on chromosome 4 deletion was sorted and analyzed. Whole-genome sequencing,which was diagnosed as 4q13.3-q21.23 deletion syndrome.
Conclusion.The diagnosis of congenital heart defects, progressive growth retardation, and mental retardation with multisystem involvement, and deletion of a gene fragment of chromosome 4 became a disorder to be considered in clinical work. Timely analysis of genetic findings could help confirm the diagnosis.
In-depth exploration on the mechanism of various dopant ions on the infrared electrochromic characteristics based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) conducting polymers
Authors: Tan Peiyu , Lu Feifei , Han Yuge
Published: March 2023

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) is considered as an outstanding electrochromic material owing to its inherent infrared (IR) electrochromic properties, which has extensively application potential in intelligent IR thermal management. Although widespread studies concentrating on enhancing the IR electrochromic performances of PEDOT and much research showing that dopants significantly affect IR modulation, few experiments have deeply investigated the underlying mechanism. Herein, eight commonly dopantswere adopted to fabricate PEDOT film via in situ electrochemical deposition, and the IR electrochromic mechanism of PEDOT was further illuminated. Integrating Raman analyses, UV-Vis-NIR spectra, XPS analysis, FTIR spectra and DFT calculation, it is of significance to find that the generation and removal of polarons and bipolarons delocalized on PEDOT chains determine the reflectance regulation of PEDOT films. Where the positively polarized sulfur atoms in the thiophene rings can be viewed as the explicit manifestation of abstract polarons and bipolarons, i.e., charge carriers in the PEDOT chains. Additionally, the diverse IR control capabilities of various doped PEDOT devices are mainly resulted from the disparate charge carrier concentration of the oxidized state. Among the eight doped PEDOT devices, PSSNa-doped PEDOT owns the highest carrier concentration in the oxidized state and thus introduces the largest IR modulation amplitude of 0.566 in the wavelength scope of 3-5 μm.
Identification of potential biomarkers associated with dilated cardiomyopathy by bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Wu Xiang , Liu Huayang , Zhang Ming , Lin Daobin , Chen Kaili , Zhao Wei-nan
Published: March 2023

Background: The clinical diagnosis of Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM) is extremely difficult due to the lack of appropriate diagnostic markers and targets for intervention. In this study, reliable biomarker genes were screened by bioinformatics methods to provide guidance for the diagnosis of DCM.
Results: The Turquoise module was identified as the most relevant gene module for DCM disease by WGCNA, and then eight biomarker genes were identified by both LASSO analysis and SVM. Ten Hub genes were screened by protein interaction network and compared with the biomarker genes screened by WGCNA, the HSPA8 gene was overlapping.
Conclusion: The HSPA8 gene is the gene with the greatest weight of influence on DCM disease screened in this study, and further development for HSPA8 is expected to provide targets for the diagnosis and treatment of DCM.
Stable equilibrium dynamics explains continental lithosphere deformation
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Cacace Mauro , Scheck-Wenderoth Magdalena
Published: March 2023

Plate tectonics theory postulates the existence of rigid mobile plates, however, what defines and controls their internal deformation, particularly within continents, is not well understood. Using data-driven thermomechanical modelling of the Alpine Himalayan Collision Zone, we hypothesize that deviations from an equilibrium state between mantle dynamics, plate-boundary forces, and the thermochemical configuration of the lithosphere controls continental deformation. The balance between the plate’s internal energy and tectonic forces is quantified by a critical crustal thickness that matches the global average of present-day continental crust. Thicker intraplate domains than the critical crust (orogens) undergo weakening due to their increased internal energy, and dissipate their acquired energy within diffused zone of deformation, unlike the localized deformation seen along plate boundaries. This dissipative evolution is controlled by the feedback between thermal and mechanical relaxation of the out of balance energy in the orogenic lithosphere. Potential runaway instabilities, exponentially growing oscillations, are efficiently dampened by enhanced dissipation from radioactive heat sources. This ultimately drives orogens with their thickened radiogenic crust towards a final equilibrium state. Our results suggest a genetic link between the thermochemical state of the crust and the tectonic evolution of silicate Earth-like planets.
Prognostic utility of 99mTc-MIBI single photon emission computerized tomography myocardial perfusion imaging in patients with ischemia and non-obstructive coronary artery disease
Authors: Wang Xiaohui , Li Mengdan , Xie Fuxiang , Liang Huan , Yang Lu , Wei Xiaofei , Wang Zhengjie , Jing Xingguo
Published: March 2023

Purpose
The prognosis of patients with ischemia and non-obstructive coronary artery disease (INOCA) remains controversial; most do not undergo accurate disease evaluation and treatment, and the symptoms recur. Here, we used single-photon emission computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT MPI) to evaluate patients with INOCA. We sought to stratify patients more accurately and thus derive more reliable prognostic information.
Materials and methods
In total, 167 patients with INOCA were enrolled. All underwent invasive coronary angiography (CAG) and SPECT MPI within 1 week. The patients were divided into different groups according to their test results. Patients were followed-up regularly in terms of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), including cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, re-hospitalization with angina pectoris, and recurrent angina pectoris. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox’s proportional hazards models were used to analyze survival and identify predictive factors.
Results
Adverse cardiac events occurred in 33 cases (19.8%). The rate of MACEs was higher in the summed stress score (SSS) ≥ 4 group than in the SSS 0–3 group (30.1% vs 9.5%, respectively, P = 0.001) and event-free survival was lower (annual survival of 87.5% vs 96.2%, respectively, P = 0.003). Event-free survival was consistently higher in patients with normal arteries than in those with non-obstructive coronary artery disease (annual survival rates of 96.1% and 88.4%, P = 0.035). When the SSS scores and the CAG results were combined, patients with normal coronary arteries (SSS 0–3) had the best prognosis and those with non-obstructive coronary artery stenosis (SSS ≥ 4) had the worst. However, the early prognosis of patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease and SSS scores of 0–3 was comparable to that of patients with normal coronary arteries and SSS scores ≥ 4 (annual survival rates of 100%, 94.6%, 93.1%, and 78.2%, respectively). Multivariate Cox’s regression indicated that the SSS score (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.126, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.042–1.217, P = 0.003) and non-obstructive coronary artery disease (HR = 2.559, 95% CI 1.249–5.246, P = 0.01) were predictors of adverse cardiac events.
Conclusion
SPECT MPI data were prognostic for INOCA patients, thus identifying groups at high risk. The long-term predictive efficacy of such data exceeded that of CAG data. A combination of the two measures more accurately stratified INOCA patients in terms of risk.