bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REVIEWS
Authors: Piercy Fred P.
Published: June 2007

Professional Books: Minuchin, S., & Nichols, M. P. (1993). Family healing: Tales of hope and renewal from family therapy.

Professional Books: Small, R. F. (1990). Maximizing third‐party reimbursement in your mental health practice.

Professional Books: Shenson, H. L. (1990). The contract and fee‐setting guide for consultants and professionals.

Professional Books: Lachkar, J. (1992). The narcissistic/borderling couple: A psychoanalytic perspective on marital treatment.

Professional Books: Charny, I. (1992). Existential/dialectical marital therapy: Breaking the secret code of marriage.

Professional Books: Brothers, B. J. (Ed.). (1991). Virginia Satir: Foundational ideas.

Professional Books: Kaufman, E., & Kaufmann, P. (1992). Family therapy of drug and alcohol abuse (2nd ed.).

Professional Books: O'Hanlon, W. H., & Martin, M. (1992). Solution‐oriented hypnosis.

Professional Books: Bryant, D., Kessler, J., & Shirar, L. (1992). The family inside: Working with the multiple.

General Interest Books: Wolin, S. J., & Wolin, S. (1993). The resilient self: How survivors of troubled families rise above adversity.

General Interest Books: Baber, K. M., & Allen, K. R. (1992). Women and families: Feminist reconstructions.

General Interest Books: Thorne, B., with Yalom, M. (1992). Rethinking the family: Some faminist questions (rev. ed.).
RETHINKING ASSUMPTIONS ABOUT TRAINEES'LIFE EXPERIENCE
Authors: Lyman Bobbi J. , Storm Cheryl L. , York Charles D.
Published: June 2007

A breadth of previous life experience in marriage and family therapy (MFT) trainees is viewed by many theoreticians, clinicians, and supervisors as a prerequisite for practicing MFT. This study assessed the relationship of trainees' life experiences and therapeutic outcome. We predicted that trainees with more life experience would have better therapeutic outcomes during the process of training than those with less experience. Surprisingly, the results indicated that trainees with greater life experience are not generally perceived by clients as more effective. This finding challenges us to rethink our assumptions about the role of life experience in selecting trainees.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PSYCHOEDUCATIONAL FAMILY THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF SCHIZOPHRENIC DISORDERS
Authors: Goldstein Michael J. , Miklowitz David J.
Published: June 2007

A review of the literature on family psychoeducational interventions in schizophrenic disorders revealed two generations of studies. The first generation compared the clinical efficacy of psychoeducational family treatments and medication to medication only or routine care. A second generation of studies used more complex experimental designs that often narrowed the differences between the experimental treatment and comparison conditions. The results of the first generation of studies are unequivocal in demonstrating the superiority of family intervention plus medication over medication alone in delaying psychotic relapses. The second‐generation studies had more equivocal results; they suggest that the efficacy of family intervention as an adjunct to medication in schizophrenia is in part a function of the type and format of the intervention being delivered, the treatment setting, and other variables.
WHEN TRAUMA HITS HOME: PERSONAL TRAUMA AND THE FAMILY THERAPIST
Authors: Carbonell Joyce L. , Figley Charles R.
Published: June 2007

This paper discusses the immediate and long‐term psychosocial consequences of traumatic events that can affect psychotherapists, including family therapits. Traumatic events invade both work and personal life and can create both opportunities and dangers. These will be discussed from a traumatological perspective. including how traumatic reactions may affect a family therapist's work.
TEACHING PROFESSIONAL WRITING TO FAMILY THERAPISTS: THREE APPROACHES
Authors: Piercy Fred P. , Sprenkle Douglas H. , McDaniel Susan H.
Published: June 2007

The authors present three educational approaches designed to demystify the writing process and to support better writing skills among family therapists. One framework is an academic course in professional writing, another is a writing seminar for family therapy and physician trainees within a medical school setting, and the third is a 2‐hour continuing education writing workshop for family therapists. Each is replicable within a variety of settings.
EXPLORING ASPECTS OF FILIPINO‐AMERICAN FAMILIES
Authors: Cimmarusti Rocco A.
Published: June 2007

FilipinOs are the fastest growing Asian population in the United States. Yet we Westerners know little about the Filipino‐American family‐aspects of its organization, facets of its functioning, or salient cultural values. This paper explores these issues in the firt‐generation Filipino‐American family and offers specific treatment recommendations. Case examples are provided.
A RATIONALE FOR FAMILY THERAPY SPECIALIZATION IN EARLY INTERVENTION
Authors: Malone D. Michael , Manders Jenny , Stewart Scott
Published: June 2007

Over the past two decades, professionals providing intervention to families with children with disabilities have witnessed a philosophical shift from individually oriented care to family‐centered care. Although the relevance of family therapy to these families has been formally acknowledged through the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), the integration of the fields of family therapy and developmental disabilities has not yet occurred to any signigicant degree. Awareness of critical issues associated with developmental disabilities and the potential impact on the family system is vital to the process of family‐centered intervention. In this paper we address the need for family specialists to become knowledgeable about early intervention considerations relevant to young children with disabilities and their families.
PREDICTORS OF SUCCESS IN EMOTIONALLY FOCUSED MARITAL THERAPY
Authors: Johnson Susan M. , Talitman E.
Published: June 2007

This study examined client variables expected to predict success in emotionally focused marital therapy (EFT), now the second most validated from of marital therapy after the behavioral approaches. The relationship of attachment quality, level of emotional self‐disclosure, level of interpersonal trust, and traditionality to the therapy outcome variables, marital adjustment, intimacy, and therapist ratings of improvement, was examined. These variables were chosen for their relevance to the theory and practice of EFT and to intimate relationships in general. Overall, therapeutic alliance predicted successful outcome; the task dimension of the alliance in particular predicted couples' satisfaction. More specifically, one dimension of female partners' trust, their faith in their partner, predicted couples' satisfaction at follow‐up. Females' faith also significantly predicted males' level of intimacy at follow‐up. Males who were most likely to be nondistressed at termination indicated higher levels of proximity seeking on an attachment measure at intake, and older males and males whose partners had higher levels of faith in them were more likely to be nondistressed at follow‐up. Traditionality was not found to be significantly related to outcome. Couples who made the most gains at follow‐up also indicated lower initial marital satisfaction and included males who indicated lower levels of use of attachment figure on the attachment measure at intake. Males who made the largest gains at termination were older and were rated as less expressive by their partner on self‐disclosure measures at intake. Age was the only variable significantly related to males' gains in satisfaction at follow‐up, Implications for the practice of marital therapy and future research are delineated.
PARENTAL INFLUENCE ON GENDER AND MARITAL ROLE ATTITUDES: IMPLICATIONS FOR INTERVENTION
Authors: Snyder Douglas K. , Velasquez John M. , Clark Betty L. , Means‐Christensen Adrienne J.
Published: June 2007

This study examined parental influence on specific attitudes toward marital and parental roles and nonspecific gender‐role attitudes. Respondents included 173 young adults (127 women and 46 men) and their parents. Young adults' scores on the Role Orientation scale of the Marital Statisfaction Inventory and on masculinity and femininity scales from two self‐report inventories (the MMPI‐2 and the Personal Attributes Questionnarie) were correlated with their parents' scores on a subset of these same measures. Results indicated that (a) marital and parental role attitudes among young adults are strongly related to specific marital role attitudes of their parents but only modestly related (for women) or unrelated (for men) to nonspecific gender‐role attitudes of their parents; (b) broader gender‐role attitudes of young men are moderately correlated with their father's attitudes but generally uncorrelated with their mother's attitudes regarding gender roles; and (c) the relationship of young women's gender‐role attitudes to both maternal and paternal attitudes is generally weaker and more complex than for young men. Clinical implications of these findings for assessment and intervention with distressed couples are discussed.
LIFE ON THE LINE: THE THERAPEUTIC POTENTIALS OF COMPUTER MEDIATED CONVERSATION
Authors: Miller John K. , Gergen Kenneth J.
Published: June 2007

In what ways are computer networking practices comparable to face‐to‐face therapy? With the exponential increase in computer‐mediated communication and the increasing numbers of people joining topically based computer networks, the potential for grass‐roots therapeutic (or antitherapeutic) interchange is greatly augmented. Here we report the results of research into exchanges on an electronic bulletin board devoted to the topic of suicide. Over an 11‐month period participants offered each other valuable resources in terms of validation of experience, sympathy, acceptance, and encouragement. They also asked provocative questions and furnished broad‐ranging advice. Hostile entires were rare. However, there were few communiqués that parallel the changeinducing practices more frequent within many therapeutic settings. In effect, on‐line dialogues seemed more sustaining than transforming. Further limits and potentials of on‐line communication are explored.
COMMITMENT TO MINORITY INCLUSION: A STUDY OF AAMFT CONFERENCE PROGRAM CONTENT AND MEMBERS' PERCEPTIONS
Authors: Killian Kyle D. , Hardy Kenneth V.
Published: June 2007

This study examined the representation of minorities and minority issues in the American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy. The relationship between AAMFT conference program content and changing social demographic from 1980 to 1996 was explored through an ecosystemic lens, and descriptive data were elecited through structured interviews with clinical members. Results indicated that there was a singnificant increase in the percentage of programming devoted to minority issues from 1980 to 1996 while the percentage of minorities in the population also rose dramatically in the same period. Salient themes from the interviews are presented. Recommendations are made for enhancing diversity within AAMFT.
ACCEPTANCE VERSUS CHANGE INTERVENTIONS IN BEHAVIORAL COUPLE THERAPY: IMPACT ON COUPLES' IN‐SESSION COMMUNICATION
Authors: Cordova James V. , Jacobson Neil S. , Christensen Andrew
Published: June 2007

Integrative Behavioral Couple Therapy (IBCT) attempts to improve Traditional Behavioral Couple Therapy (TBCT) by incorporating an emphasis on promoting acceptance into TBCTs emphasis on behavioral change. This study examined changes in couples' communication over the course of IBCT and TBCT. Early, middle, and late sessions were coded to measure couples' communication of acceptance. Results showed that IBCT couples expressed more nonblaming descriptions of problems and more soft emotions than TBCT couples during late stages of therapy. IBCT couples significantly increased their nonblaming description of problems and significantly decreased their expressions of hard emotions and their problematic communication over time. Results support the hypothesis that structural differences between the therapies affect initial levels of emotional expression in session. Increases in nonblaming descriptions of problems were significantly correlated with increases in marital satisfaction.
BATTERING AND COUPLES THERAPY: UNIVERSAL SCREENING AND SELECTION OF TREATMENT MODALITY
Authors: Bograd Michele , Mederos Fernando
Published: June 2007

As family therapists begin to experiment with couples treatment models for batterers and their partners, a basic question is: Which couples can be safely treated with conjoint therapy? Following a definition of battering and a review of rationales for considering couples therapy in cases of domestic violence, a framework for assessment of domestic violence is outlined, including sample questions, criteria for excluding couples from conjoint therapy, how to conduct a lethality assessment, and how to conceptualize postassessment treatment recommendations. This article also introduces family and couples therapists to domestic violence literature that is often not well integrated in family therapy theory and practice.
THE CULTURAL CONTEXT MODEL: THERAPY FOR COUPLES WITH DOMESTIC VIOLENCE
Authors: Almeida Rhea V. , Durkin Tracy
Published: June 2007

This article offers a brief analysis of heterosexual dominance within various cultures toward a larger understanding of domestics violence. It then describes the Cultral Context Model, developed over 15 years of experience treating domestic violence in its broader context, utilizing separate “culture circles” for men and women before and during couple therapy. It then identifies guidelines for assessment and intervention with a discussion of the special issues raised when substance abuse is involved.
DEMAND/WITHDRAW INTERACTION PATTERNS BETWEEN DIFFERENT TYPES OF BATTERERS AND THEIR SPOUSES
Authors: Berns Sara B. , Jacobson Neil S. , Gottman John M.
Published: June 2007

The investigation of subtypes of violent men could provide invaluable information to researchers and clinicians. In earlier studies, investigators examined whether subtypes of male batterers could be identified based on physiological markers in combination with observational and self‐report perspectives. In a sample of batters and their wives, they found a physiological marker that discriminated between two groups of violent men on several interesting dimensions. To highlight the importance of studying batterer typologies, the present study examined differences in marital interaction patterns across the two groups of batterers. Analyses revealed clinically relevant patterns of interaction in the two groups, and effect sizes indicating the possibility of differences between the two types of batterers. Implications for future research as well as therapy are discussed.
DEPRESSION IN MATURE MARRIAGES: IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS FOR MARITAL THERAPY
Authors: Sandberg Jonathan G. , Harper James M.
Published: June 2007

Recent reviews of MFT literature have shown a failure to address mental health issues of the aging. Chief among these issues is depression, one of the most common psychological disorder found in older people. Although the relationship between depression and aging is a well‐researched topic, few studies approach this common problem from a systemic perspective. Using data from a national survey of preretirement‐ and retirement‐aged couples, this paper discusses the association between depression and marital quality in mature marriages as well the possibility of mediating variables such as the personality construct hardiness. Implications for marital therapy with older coules experiencing depression and future research are discussed.
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: Freedman Jill
Published: June 2007

Book reviewed in this article:

McDaniel, S. H., Hepworth J., & Doherty, W. J(Eds.), (1997). The shared experience of illness: Stories of patients, families, and their therapists.

Walsh, F. (1998). Strengthening family resilience.

Hoyt, M. F. (Ed.) (1998). The bandbook of constructive therapies: Innovative approaches from leading practitioners.
CHANGE, DISENGAGEMENT, AND RENEWAL: RELATIONSHIP DYNAMICS BETWEEN YOUNG ADULTS AND THEIR FATHERS AFTER DIVORCE
Authors: Arditti Joyce A. , Prouty Anne M.
Published: June 2007

Little is known about children's perceptions of their parents' divorce or how children construct meaning around the divorce and their subsequent relationships with their parent. The focus of this was to learn about the experiences and the meanings young adults had constructed about the divorce process and their relationships with their fathers in the years after the divorce. The findings revealed a broad spectrum of experiences and several key issues that gave meaning to both the disengagement and the reengagement with their fathers. Loss, acceptance, availability, and support are a few of the vital issues addressed. Implications for family therapists are discussed.
THE AAMFT‐HEAD START TRAINING PARTNERSHIP PROJECT: ENHANCING MFT CAPACITIES BEYOND THE FAMILY SYSTEM
Authors: Leitch M. Laurie , Thomas Volker
Published: June 2007

This paper summarizes the experience of a two‐year project to promote partnerships between 12 graduate Marriage and Family Therapy (MFT) training programs and their 12 local Head Start partners. The American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy (AAMFT) awarded 9 grants to MFT‐Head Start partnerships that had established relationships with each other prior to the project. Three MFT‐Head Start pairs that had no preexisting relationship but wanted to develop one received planning grants. The partnership project provided an exciting opportunity for MFT faculty and interns to integrate family systems theory into larger organizational settings and to enhance the capacity of MFTs to serve disadvantaged, low‐income, culturally diverse families and the community agencies that work with them. Preparing MFT students to intervene and respond systemically both in organizations and with the families they serve represents a viable alternative to more traditional approaches to MFT that limit the focus to the family system. Survey results and interview data reflect the rich experiences of MFT faculty and supervisors, MFT interns, and Head Start staff. Implementation issues are discussed and recommendations are made to improve the collaboration between MFTs and community‐based agencies such as Head Start.
SYSTEMS CONSULTATION AND HEAD START: AN ALTERNATIVE TO TRADITIONAL FAMILY THERAPY
Authors: McDowell Teresa
Published: June 2007

As Marriage and Family Therapists (MFTs) enter Head Start programs, systems consultation emerges as a viable alternative to providing therapy to enrolled children and families. As systems consultants, family therapists can offer organizational consultation, training, and support to Head Start staff, classroom interventions, and direct work with families. This article describes a multidimensional model for providing comprehensive mental health consultation to Head Start programs. It explores the skills necessary for MFTs to work effectively as systems consultants. Finally, recommendations are made for applying the model in both university and private settings.
EFFORTS TO INCORPORATE SOCIAL JUSTICE PERSPECTIVES INTO A FAMILY TRAINING PROGRAM
Authors: McGoldrick Monica , Almeida Rhea , Preto Nydia Garcia , Bibb Amy , Sutton CharlesEtta , Hudak Jacqueline , Hines Paulette Moore
Published: June 2007

This paper describes the efforts of the faculty of the Family Institute of New Jersey in recent years to develop a collaborative family training program that takes into account issues of gender, race, culture, class, and sexual orientation. We have come to realize how strongly traditional approaches have been skewed in the direction of the dominant culture—white, male, heterosexist, and prioritizing the needs and experience of the middle and upper classes. We have attempted to modify our teaching, supervision, reading lists, and overall training approach to challenge trainees and ourselves to move toward broader, strength‐based, and equity‐based multicultural perspectives in our training. We describe our vision, how we incorporate it into our program structure, and a few of our training initiatives.
A RANDOMIZED TRIAL OF EMOTION‐FOCUSED THERAPY FOR COUPLES IN A TRAINING CLINIC
Authors: Denton Wayne H. , Burleson Brant R. , Clark Thomas E. , Rodriguez Christopher P. , Hobbs Barbara V.
Published: June 2007

Forty married couples participated in a randomized trial comparing 8 weekly sessions of emotionfocused therapy (EFT) for couples to a group of couples who were placed on an 8‐week waiting list. A composite marital satisfaction score was created from scores on the Dyadic Adjustment Scale, Positive Feelings Questionnaire, and Personal Assessment of Intimacy in Relationships scale. Controlling for pretest scores, participants in the treatment group had significantly higher levels of marital satisfaction after 8 weeks than wait‐list participants. Supplementary analyses identified variables associated with gains in therapy and with dropping out of the study.
PROMOTING RECONCILIATION THROUGH PSYCHOEDUCATIONAL AND THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS
Authors: Worthington Everett L. , Drinkard Dewitt T.
Published: June 2007

This article presents a conceptualization of reconcliation as an interpersonal process that can mend relationships in which trust has been violated. We define reconciliation an describe a six‐step program for promoting explicit reconciliation in couples. Psychoeducational groups of couples and couple therapy are often the contexts for promoting reconciliation. We discuss some theoretical support for each step, techniques used to promote progress through the step, and differential considerations in psychoeducation and therapy.
INTERNSHIP TRAINING IN MARRIAGE AND FAMILY THERAPY: A SURVEY OF DOCTORAL PROGRAM OBJECTIVES AND IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Ivey David C. , Wampler Karen S.
Published: June 2007

This article presents the results of a survey that examined the implementation of the Commission on Accreditation for Marriage and Family Therapy Education (COAMFTE) internship requirement by accredited doctoral marriage and Family Therapy (MFT) programs. Representatives from each of 10 doctoral MFT programs provided responses to questions regarding program objectives for internship training. Respondents also provided subjective impressions regarding the effectiveness with which established intership goals are accomplished, associated benefits and difficulties, and adequacy of the standards. Results suggest that although most programs perceive the intership requirement as beneficial, many express concern regarding the effects of the intership requirement on other aspects of training and in relationship to the overall goals for doctoral MFT education. Conclusions and recommendationship to the overall goasls for doctoral MFT education. Conclusions and recommendations are offered based on the mixed findings.
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: Freedman Jill
Published: June 2007

Book Reviewed in this article:

Walsh, F. (Ed). (1999). Spiritual resources in family therapy.

Flores, M. T., & Carey, G. (Eds.). (2000). Family therapy with Hispanics: Toward appreciating divesity.

Gerson, M. J. (1996). The embedded self: A psychoanalyitic guide to family therapy.

Madsen, W. C. (1999) Collaborative therapies with multi‐stressed clients: From old problems to new futures.

Lerner, H. (1998). The mother dance: How children change your life.

Gottman, J. M. (1999). The marriage clinic: A scientifically based marital therapy.
THERAPY WITH LESBIAN AND GAY PARENTS AND THEIR CHILDREN
Authors: Ariel Jane , McPherson Dan W.
Published: June 2007

This article explores some of the social and clinical issues facing the many different kinds of gay and lesbian families that are becoming increasingly visible in the United States. Research findings are discussed that dispel popularly held myths and sterotypes concerning these families, gays and lesbians as parents, and their children. Clinical vignettes are presented to illustrate issues often encountered in the consulting room, some unique to gay and lesbian families and some common to all families.
PROJECTIVE IDENTIFICATION IN COMMON COUPLE DANCES
Authors: Middelberg Carol V.
Published: June 2007

This paper integrates the object relations concept of projective identification and the systemic concept of marital dances to develop a more powerful model for working with more difficult and distressed couples. This integrated model explains how some couples use the defenses of splitting and projective identification to externalize and transpose internal conflicts into interpersonal conflicts in five common marital dances. The author suggests how object relations techniques can be used to interrupt the projective identifications, help client to reown their disowned and projected affects and resolve the conflict on the intrapsychic level so that the marital dance is no longer necessary to resolve the intrapsychic issues.
DEVELOPMENTAL LESSONS OF SEASONED MARITAL AND FAMILY THERAPISTS: A QUALITATIVE INVESTIGATION
Authors: Protinsky Howard , Coward Lynn
Published: June 2007

Little has been published regarding the development of therapists during their professional careers. This qualitative research study explored the development of seasoned marriage and family therapists (MFTs) in order to identify important events and themes in their personal and professional lives.The main developmental theme that emerged was the integraton of their personal and professional selves. Information gained from this study might be useful in understanding the self of the therapist within training and supervision and might partially provide a map of the possible transitions facing MFTs along their developmental journey.
SECONDARY TRAUMATIC STRESS, PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS, SHARING OF TRAUMATIC REMINISCES, AND MARITAL QUALITY AMONG SPOUSES OF HOLOCAUST CHILD SURVIVORS
Authors: Lev‐Wiesel Rachel , Amir Marianne
Published: June 2007

In this study, we examined the issue of secondary traumatic stress (STS) among spouses of Holocaust survivors who were children during the World War II. STS is defined as comprising the same components as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), except that the person evidencing the symptoms has not actually been exposed to the traumatic event(s), but has developed them as a result of caring for someone with PTSD. Participants were 90 couples who completed self‐report questionnaires regarding posttraumatic symptoms, psychological distress, and marital quality. The results showed that about one‐third of the spouses suffered from some degree of STS symptoms. Secondary traumatic stress symptoms and psychological distress among spouses were significantly related to hostility, anger, paranoia, and interpersonal sensitivity in the survivor, but unrelated to whether the survivor had shared his/her reminiscences with the spouse. Female spouses were found to suffer more distress than male spouses, especially when their partner suffered high levels of PTSD. The results suggest that STS is, to a large degree, related to the demands of living with a symptomatic survivor, possibly more than to the empathic element thought to be central to this syndrome.
A GRADUATE COURSE IN MARRIAGE AND FAMILY ENRICHMENT
Authors: Deacon Sharon A. , Sprenkle Douglas H.
Published: June 2007

Legislation aimed at decreasing the divorce rate and the resurgence of interest in marriage and family enrichment have propelled educators to consider how well they are training new therapists in the preventive approaches to therapy. In this article, we present a graduate course to educate students about the enrichment movement and skill‐ and competency‐based approaches to family intervention. We provide a general outline for teaching the course as well as specific resources and guidelines that can be of value to all marriage and family therapy practitioners.
DEVELOPING CULTURALLY COMPETENT MARRIAGE AND FAMILY THERAPISTS: TREATMENT GUIDELINES FOR NON‐AFRICAN‐AMERICAN THERAPISTS WORKING WITH AFRICAN‐AMERICAN FAMILIES
Authors: Bean Roy A. , Perry Benjamin J. , Bedell Tina M.
Published: June 2007

To serve African‐American families effectively, marriage and family therapists need to develop a level of cultural competence. This content analysis of the relevant treatment literature was conducted to examine the most common expert recommendations for family therapy with African Americans. Fifteen specific guidelines were generated, including orient the family to therapy, do not assume familiarity, address issue of racism, intervene multi‐systemically, do home visits, use problem‐solving focus, involve religious leader, incorporate the father, and acknowledge strengths. conceptual and empirical support for each guideline is discussed, and conclusions are made regarding culturally conpetent therapy with African‐American families.
THE CULTURAL GENOGRAM: EXPERIENCES FROM WITHIN A MARRIAGE AND FAMILY THERAPY TRAINING PROGRAM
Authors: Keiley Margaret K. , Dolbin Megan , Hill Jennifer , Karuppaswamy Nithyakala , Liu Ting , Natrajan Rajeswari , Poulsen Shruti , Robbins Natashia , Robinson Pamela
Published: June 2007

The purpose of this article is to illustrate and demonstrate the use of the Cultural Genogram (CG) in a graduate‐level course in gender and culture for family therapists‐in‐training at a large Midwestern university's accredited program in family therapy. Although the importance of the CG as a training tool is delineated by Hardy and Laszloffy, very little information exists about the actual implementation and usefulness of this tool within a training program for family therapists. In this article, we present a qualitative research study of the lived experiences of a class of women from diverse cultures as they constructed and presented their CGs. We discuss the basic curriculum and structure of the course in which the CG was used, the process the class members developed to create and present their CGs, the effects of presenting the CGs, and a set of recommendations and ideas for further exploration.
ALL IN THE FAMILY: A BELATED RESPONSE TO KNUDSON‐MARTIN'S FEMINIST REVISION OF BOWEN THEORY
Authors: Horne K. Blake , Hicks Mary W.
Published: June 2007

The first formal attempt at revising Bowen theory within the mariage and family therapy literature is represented in the work of Knudson‐Martin (1994). Claiming that several of the theory's concepts are defined at odds with female development, Knudson‐Martin (1994) reconceptualizes and expands Bowen theory to rectify these perceived shortcomings. In turn, we address several fundamental concerns with knudson‐Martin's critique and revision of Bowen theory. An alternative representation of Bowen Theory, as well as its relationship to feminist thought, is put forth, Suggestions for the fields's future relationship to Bowen theory are also discussed.
MOTIVATIONAL, ETHICAL, AND EPISTEMOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS IN THE TREATMENT OF UNWANTED HOMOEROTIC ATTRACTION
Authors: Rosik Christopher H.
Published: June 2007

A recent special section of the Journal of Marital and Family Therapy(October, 2000) focusing on the mental health needs of gay, lesbian, and bisexual individuals neglected to address the clinical needs of homosexual persons who desire to increase their heterosexual potential. This article attempts to correct this omission by outlining common motivations for pursuing change, updating the current state of knowledge regarding the effectiveness of change efforts, and providing some ethical guidelines when therapists encounter clients who present with unwanted homoerotic attraction. Finally, to assist marriage and family therapists (MFTs) in more deply understanding divergent perspectives about reorientation treatments, an examination of the role of moral epistemology is presented and some examples of its potential influence are described. MFTs are encouraged to recognize and accept, rather than ignore or deny the valid needs of clients who seek to modify their same‐sex attraction.
PARTNER AWARENESS REGARDING THE ADULT SEQUELAE OF CHILDHOOD SEXUAL ABUSE FOR PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SURVIVORS
Authors: Wiersma Noelle S.
Published: June 2007

This qualitative study investigates factors that may facilitate or impede awareness within couples regarding the sequelae of chuildhood sexual abuse for adult females and their partner. Six couples were interviewed about perceived effects of the abuse for self and partner and their perceptions regarding their awareness of these effects. Transcribed data were analyzed using grounded‐theory methodolgy. Emergent themes regarding potential barriers to and facilitators of agreement are outlined in the context of the expressive and receptive abilities and motivations of each partner in communicating about the abuse. Preliminary implications for marriage and family therapy and further research are provided.
FAMILY PSYCHOEDUCATION AND SCHIZOPHRENIA: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Authors: McFarlane William R. , Dixon Lisa , Lukens Ellen , Lucksted Alicia
Published: June 2007

Family psychoeduction has emerged as a treatment of choice for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depression, and other disorders. More than 30 randomized clinical trials have demonstrated reduced relapse rates, improved recovery of patients, and improved family wellbing among participants. Intervention s common to effective family psychoeductaion programs have been developed, including empathic engagement, education, ongoing support, clinical resources during periods of crisis, social network enhancement, and problem‐solving and communication skills. Application of family psychoeducation in routine settings where patients having these disorders are usually treated has been limited, reflecting attitudinal, knowledge, practical, and systemic implementation obstacles. Through consensus among patient and family advocacy organizations, clinican training, and ongoing technical consultation and supervision, this approach has been imploemented in routine clinical settings.
CHRONIC ILLNESS IN COUPLES: A CASE FOR EMOTIONALLY FOCUSED THERAPY
Authors: Kowal John , Johnson Susan M. , Lee Alison
Published: June 2007

The onset of chronic illness is one of the most pervasive health problems facing North Americans today. Only recently have researchers and clinicans seriously examined chronic physical conditions in the context of close relationships. This article briefly reviews the literature on chronic illness in adult couples. Initially, the focus is on the reciprocal link between close relationships and chronic physical conditions. A number of clinical approaches for working with chronic illness in couples are outlined, a particular case is made for the utility of emotionally focused therapy, and a case study is presented.
STUDENT IMPAIRMENT AND REMEDIATION IN ACCREDITED MARRIAGE AND FAMILY THERAPY PROGRAMS
Authors: Rusell Candyce S. , Peterson Colleen M.
Published: June 2007

This research addresses the extent of student impairment in Commission on Accreditation for Marriage and Family Therapy Education (COAMFTE) accredited marriage and family therapy programs, indicators of impairment used by program directors, faculty time devoted to impaired students, and the frequency of student dismissal. The data come from a survey of 44 COAMFTE program directors that was conducted during the spring of 2001, as well as responses to an open‐ended item asking for a description of “the most troublesome student” to come to the attention of the respondent. The authors discuss the findings with respect to similar studies in counseling psychology and the larger literature on clinical training. Finally, the authors offer suggestions for future research.
BEST PRACTICE IN COUPLE RELATIONSHIP EDUCATION
Authors: Halford W. Kim , Markman Howard J. , Kling Galena H. , Stanley Scott M.
Published: June 2007

Relationship education is widely available to couples and is intended to reduce the prevalence of relationship distress, divorce, and the associated personal and social costs. To realize the potential benefits of couple relationship education, it needs to be evidence‐based, offered in ways that attract couples at high‐risk for relationship problems, and focused on factors that put couples at high‐risk for future relationship problems.
IMPACT OF COAL SURFACE MINING AND RECLAMATION ON SURFACE WATER CHEMICAL CONCENTRATIONS AND LOAD RATES IN THREE OHIO WATERSHEDS1
Authors: Bonta James V. , Dick Warren A.
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACT: Information is lacking on the watershed scale effects of mining and reclaiming originally undisturbed watersheds for coal on surface water chemical concentrations and load rates for a variety of constituents. These effects were evaluated on three small, geologically dissimilar watersheds subjected to surface mining in Ohio. Comparisons were made between phases of land disturbances using ratios of average concentrations and load rates: Phase 1 (natural), subphases of Phase 2 (mining and reclamation), and subphases of Phase 3 (partial reclamation and final condition) using 4,485 laboratory analyses of 34 constituents. Average concentration and load rate ratios were categorized into three classes—minor, moderate, and substantial. Mining and reclamation (M/R) affected flow duration curves in different ways‐baseflow changes were variable, but high flows generally increased. The average concentration ratios for all sites were classified as 15 percent “minor,” 36 percent “moderate,” and 49 percent “substantial” (average ratio of 2.4.) Generally load rate ratios increased due to mining and reclamation activities (average ratio of 3.3). Minor, moderate, and substantial impacts were found on average for 7 percent, 23 percent, and 70 percent, respectively, of load rate ratios. The impact of M/R on average load rates was not necessarily the same as on average concentrations due to changed hydrology and can be opposite in effect. The evaluation of the impacts of M/R requires knowledge of changing hydrologic conditions and changing supplies and rates of release of chemicals into streams. Median sediment concentration ratio is an indicator of average constituent load rate ratio of a wide variety of chemical constituents and is useful for development of best management practices to reduce chemical loads. The site at which diversion ditches were not removed during final reclamation sustained large chemical load rates, and removal of diversions at the other mined site reduced load rates. Revegetation of poorly reclaimed areas decreased chemical load rates. Chemical load rates were sensitive to geology, mining, and reclamation methods, diversions, and changing hydrology, concentration flow rate regressions, and watershed areas.
APPLICATION OF A MULTIPURPOSE UNEQUAL PROBABILITY STREAM SURVEY IN THE MID‐ATLANTIC COASTAL PLAIN1
Authors: Ator Scott W. , Olsen Anthony R. , Pitchford Ann M. , Denver Judith M.
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACT: A stratified, spatially balanced sample with unequal probability selection was used to design a multipurpose survey of headwater streams in the Mid‐Atlantic Coastal Plain. Objectives for the survey include unbiased estimates of regional stream conditions, and adequate coverage of unusual but significant environmental settings to support empirical modeling of the factors affecting those conditions. The design and field application of the survey are discussed in light of these multiple objectives. A probability (random) sample of 175 first‐order nontidal streams was selected for synoptic sampling of water chemistry and benthic and riparian ecology during late winter and spring 2000. Twenty‐five streams were selected within each of seven hydrogeologic subre‐gions (strata) that were delineated on the basis of physiography and surficial geology. In each subregion, unequal inclusion probabilities were used to provide an approximately even distribution of streams along a gradient of forested to developed (agricultural or urban) land in the contributing watershed. Alternate streams were also selected. Alternates were included in groups of five in each subregion when field reconnaissance demonstrated that primary streams were inaccessible or otherwise unusable. Despite the rejection and replacement of a considerable number of primary streams during reconnaissance (up to 40 percent in one subregion), the desired land use distribution was maintained within each hydrogeologic subregion without sacrificing the probabilistic design.
STORM RUNOFF PREDICTION BASED ON A SPATIALLY DISTRIBUTED TRAVEL TIME METHOD UTILIZING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS1
Authors: Melesse Assefa M. , Graham Wendy D.
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACT: In this study, remotely sensed data and geographic information system (GIS) tools were used to estimate storm runoff response for Simms Creek watershed in the Etonia basin in northeast Florida. Land cover information from digital orthophoto quarter quadrangles (DOQQ), and enhanced thematic mapper plus (ETM+) were analyzed for the years 1990, 1995, and 2000. The corresponding infiltration excess runoff response of the study area was estimated using the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Natural Resources Conservation Service Curve Number (NRCS‐CN) method. A digital elevation model (DEM)/GIS technique was developed to predict stream response to runoff events based on the travel time from each grid cell to the watershed outlet. A comparison of predicted to observed stream response shows that the model predicts the total runoff volume with an efficiency of 0.98, the peak flow rate at an efficiency of 0.85, and the full direct runoff hydrograph with an average efficiency of 0.65. The DEM/GIS travel time model can be used to predict the runoff response of ungaged watersheds and is useful for predicting runoff hydrographs resulting from proposed large scale changes in the land use.
MODELED IMPACTS OF DEVELOPMENT TYPE ON RUNOFF VOLUME AND INFILTRATION PERFORMANCE1
Authors: Brander Kent E. , Owen Katherine E. , Potter Kenneth W.
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACT: Development type has emerged as an important focal point for addressing a wide range of social, cultural, and environmental concerns related to urban growth. Low impact development techniques that rely heavily on infiltration practices are increasingly being used to manage storm water. In this study, four development types (conventional curvilinear, urban cluster, coving, and new urbanism) were modeled both with and without infiltration practices to determine their relative effects on urban runoff. Modeling was performed with a modified version of the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) runoff method that enables evaluation of infiltration practices. Model results indicate that urban cluster developments produce the smallest volume of runoff due to the large portion of land kept in a natural condition. Infiltration practices are most effective for small storms and in developments with Hydrologic Group A soils. Significant reductions in runoff can be achieved in all four development types if infiltration practices treat many impervious surfaces. As more infiltration practices are implemented, the differences in runoff among development types diminish. With a strategic combination of site layout and infiltration design, any development type can reduce hydrologic impacts, allowing developers to consider other factors, such as convenience, marketability, community needs, and aesthetics.
INTEGRATED ECHO SOUNDER, GPS, AND GIS FOR RESERVOIR SEDIMENTATION STUDIES: EXAMPLES FROM TWO ARKANSAS LAKES1
Authors: Odhiambo Ben K. , Boss Stephen K.
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACT: Bathymetric and sedimentation surveys were conducted using a dual frequency (28/200 kHz) echo sounder system in two reservoirs (Lee Creek Reservoir and Lake Shepherd Springs) in the Ozark Plateau of northwestern Arkansas. Echo sounder survey data were merged within geographic information system (GIS) software to provide detailed visualization and analyses of current depths, pre‐impoundment topography, distribution, thickness, and volume estimates of lacustrine sediment, time averaged sediment accumulation rates, long term average annual sediment flux, and water storage capacity. Calculated long term average sediment accumulation rates were used to model sediment infilling and projected lifetimes of each reservoir. Results from echo sounder surveys and GIS analyses suggest that the Lee Creek Reservoir has a projected lifetime of approximately 500 years compared to a projected lifetime for Lake Shepherd Springs of approximately 3,000 years. Estimated differences in projected lifetimes of these reservoirs reflected differences in initial reservoir volume and long term average annual sediment flux from the respective watersheds related to watershed area, physiography, land cover, and land use. The universal soil loss equation (USLE) model generated sediment fluxes an order of magnitude larger from the watersheds of both reservoirs compared to the geophysical data estimates. This study demonstrated the utility of merging geophysical survey (echo sounder) data within a GIS as an aid to understanding patterns of reservoir sedimentation. These data and analyses also provide a baseline relevant to understanding sedimentation processes and are necessary for development of long term management plans for these reservoirs and their watersheds.
SEDIMENT DISPERSION IN SALMON SPAWNING STREAMS: THE INFLUENCE OF FLOODS AND SALMON REDD CONSTRUCTION1
Authors: Gottesfeld Allen S. , Hassan Marwan A. , Tunnicliffe Jon F. , Poirier Ron W.
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACT: Magnetically tagged particles were used to investigate the effects of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) and floods on the dispersion of coarse bed material in the Stuart‐Takla region, British Columbia, Canada. The dominant annual sediment transporting event in the channels is the snowmelt flood events, with lesser activity usually accomplished during summer floods. Annually in August, the channel bed material is reworked by the Early Stuart sockeye salmon spawning, as the fish excavate the streambed to deposit and bury their eggs. These nesting cavities are called redds. Results from 67 tracer recovery experiments over five years were highly variable, subject to the magnitude of floods and the returning population of salmon. Overall, the depositional pattern from nival flood events usually demonstrated a high degree of clast mobilization, long travel distances (up to 150 m), and mean depths of burial up to 18 cm. Summer flood events showed somewhat lower rates of mobilization, distances of travel, and depths of burial. Although the fish did not move the tracers very far, their effect on the bed was generally quite pervasive ‐ up to 100 percent of the clasts were mobilized, and the depth of burial was considerable (mean burial depths up to 14 cm). The amount of vertical mixing of sediment by salmon was often on the same order of magnitude as flood events. The significant vertical mixing of sediments by the fish has important implications for the mobility of sediment in the stream. Since any armoring layer formed during high flows throughout the year is subject to the bioturbation of salmon, this suggests that the transport threshold in the creeks remains relatively low. Salmon likely play an integral role in the sediment transport dynamics and annual sediment budget of the lower reaches of these creeks.