bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A palavra literária como desestabilizada de sentido em A Dama do lotação e em Toda nudez será castigada de Nelson Rodrigues
Authors: Carvalho Isadora Grevan de
Published: April 2024

Este artigo discute a palavra ficcional literária como desestabilizadora da verdade no conto “A dama do lotação” e na peça de teatro Toda nudez será castigada, de Nelson Rodrigues. Investiga a tomada da palavra ficcional como forma de reinvenção das personagens, engendrando um processo de reação e destruição dos padrões tradicionais e opressores da família patriarcal da época. Busco entender como os múltiplos pontos de vista e processos narrativos confundem o leitor, além de desafiar encenadores e diretores a pensar montagens e adaptações que levem em consideração as nuances literárias dos textos de Nelson Rodrigues.
Nelson e Dostoiévski contra a unanimidade do rebanho: a tensa relação com as vagas modernizadoras
Authors: Pereira Victor Hugo Adler
Published: April 2024

A perspectiva negativa sobre as influências da modernização aproxima à obra de Nelson Rodrigues e Dostoiévski. Muitas de suas obras, em contextos históricos bastante diferenciados, serviram de combustível para críticos conservadores denunciarem os efeitos desagregadores de ideologias que preconizavam maior liberalidade nos costumes e mudanças nas estruturas sociais. Nelson Rodrigues referia-se explicitamente em suas obras e crônicas jornalísticas à influência de Dostoiévski em suas concepções filosóficas sobre o ser humano, compartilhando com ele valores como a solidariedade e a compaixão que prescindia de explicações racionais. Os Irmãos Karamázov era uma das fontes de referência privilegiadas. Apesar do conservadorismo ideológico inegável, ambos os escritores foram reconhecidos, entre seus contemporâneos, como introdutores de inovações estéticas que mudaram os rumos da criação artística e cultural na Europa e no Brasil. O trabalho traça paralelos entre as contradições que acompanharam a recepção da obra desses dois escritores e atuantes intelectuais, que estabeleceram tenso diálogo com as transformações culturais que presenciaram.
A matriz geradora, o embrião ampliado e os múltiplos fios dramatúrgicos no cinema de Pedro Almodóvar
Authors: Jaime-Smith Daniela
Published: April 2024

Este artigo investiga os processos e os procedimentos de criação do cineasta espanhol Pedro Almodóvar, refletindo sobre as tessituras dramatúrgicas criadas pelo cineasta no processo de construção do seu projeto poético, observando os procedimentos que envolvem o seu pensamento e a sua prática como roteirista e diretor para, assim, refletir sobre processos criativos, de autoria e comunicação. A hipótese é que o seu projeto poético é construído através da seleção e transformação de elementos temáticos e estéticos presentes na sua própria obra e na obra de outros autores, cujos trabalhos lhe afetaram a sensibilidade, fazendo com que temas e personagens se repitam, sob diferentes perspectivas, ao longo do tempo, concebendo um universo marcado pela constante reinvenção de textos e filmes para criar seus próprios sistemas fílmicos. Este estudo foi feito utilizando entrevistas do diretor e a análise de alguns de seus filmes que mantêm uma relação dramatúrgica, que funcionam como matrizes geradoras, deflagradoras de novos processos de criação. A análise foi realizada a partir das teorias de Cecilia Almeida Salles sobre processo de criação.
Age-Dependent RGS5 Loss in Pericytes Induces Cardiac Dysfunction and Fibrosis
Authors: Tamiato Anita , Tombor Lukas S. , Fischer Ariane , Muhly-Reinholz Marion , Vanicek Leah Rebecca , Toğru Büşra Nur , Neitz Jessica , Glaser Simone Franziska , Merten Maximilian , Rodriguez Morales David , Kwon Jeonghyeon , Klatt Stephan , Schumacher Bianca , Günther Stefan , Abplanalp Wesley T. , John David , Fleming Ingrid , Wettschureck Nina , Dimmeler Stefanie , Luxán Guillermo
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Pericytes are capillary-associated mural cells involved in the maintenance and stability of the vascular network. Although aging is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease, the consequences of aging on cardiac pericytes are unknown.

METHODS:

In this study, we have combined single-nucleus RNA sequencing and histological analysis to determine the effects of aging on cardiac pericytes. Furthermore, we have conducted in vivo and in vitro analysis of RGS5 (regulator of G-protein signaling 5) loss of function and finally have performed pericytes-fibroblasts coculture studies to understand the effect of RGS5 deletion in pericytes on the neighboring fibroblasts.

RESULTS:

Aging reduced the pericyte area and capillary coverage in the murine heart. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing analysis further revealed that the expression of
Rgs5
was reduced in cardiac pericytes from aged mice. In vivo and in vitro studies showed that the deletion of RGS5 impaired cardiac function, induced fibrosis, and morphological changes in pericytes characterized by a profibrotic gene expression signature and the expression of different ECM (extracellular matrix) components and growth factors, for example,
TGFB2
and
PDGFB
. Indeed, culturing fibroblasts with the supernatant of RGS5-deficient pericytes induced their activation as evidenced by the increased expression of αSMA (alpha smooth muscle actin) in a TGFβ (transforming growth factor beta)2-dependent mechanism.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our results have identified RGS5 as a crucial regulator of pericyte function during cardiac aging. The deletion of RGS5 causes cardiac dysfunction and induces myocardial fibrosis, one of the hallmarks of cardiac aging.
Cardiovascular Risk in Young Patients Diagnosed With Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Albertsen Ida E. , Bille Jesper , Piazza Gregory , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Nielsen Peter B.
Published: April 2024

Background

In older adults, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been associated with several cardiovascular complications. Whether young patients diagnosed with OSA also are at higher risk of developing subsequent cardiovascular disease is uncertain. We aimed to estimate the risk of developing an incident cardiovascular event among young patients diagnosed with OSA.

Methods and Results

We linked nationwide Danish health registries to identify a cohort of patients aged ≤50 years with OSA using data from 2010 through 2018. Cases without OSA from the general population were matched as controls (1:5). The main outcome was any cardiovascular event (including hypertension, diabetes, atrial fibrillation, ischemic heart disease, ischemic stroke, heart failure, and venous thromboembolism). All‐cause mortality was a secondary outcome. The study included 20 240 patients aged ≤50 years with OSA (19.6% female; mean±SD age 39.9±7.7 years) and 80 314 controls. After 5‐year follow‐up, 31.8% of the patients with OSA developed any cardiovascular event compared with 16.5% of the controls, with a corresponding relative risk (RR) of 1.96 (95% CI, 1.90–2.02). At 5‐year follow‐up, 27.3% of patients with OSA developed incident hypertension compared with 15.0% of the controls (RR, 1.84 [95% CI, 1.78–1.90]). Incident diabetes occurred in 6.8% of the patients with OSA and 1.4% of controls (RR, 5.05 [95% CI, 4.60–5.54]).

Conclusions

Similar to older adults, young adults with OSA demonstrate increased risk of developing cardiovascular events. To prevent cardiovascular disease progression, accumulation of cardiovascular risk factors, and mortality, risk stratification and prevention strategies should be considered for these patients.
Evaluating the effect of extra-cerebral off-target binding in [F-18]MK6240 PET scans in early-stage Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: McVea Andrew , DiFilippo Alexandra , McLachlan Max J. , Zammit Matthew D. , Bendlin Barbara , Johnson Sterling C. , Betthauser Tobey J. , Christian Bradley T.
Published: April 2024

[F-18]MK6240 is a Positron Emission Tomography (PET) radioligand with favorable imaging characteristics for measuring tau aggregation in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In this study, we investigated the impact of extra-cerebral off-target binding (ECB) in the meninges and sinus present in [F-18]MK6240 PET scans on quantifying tau burden in preclinical AD. Based on large cohort data from 433 [F-18]MK6240 scans acquired at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, simulations were conducted to examine the range of effects of ECB by varying the ECB profile and input radiotracer concentration curves on areas of early tau accumulation in AD. The range and patterning of ECB in the imaging cohort had high variability between participants; however, 35% revealed moderate to high meningeal signal that could influence quantification. Partial volume effects, which can lead to measured PET signal from neighboring regions influencing signal in adjacent areas of interest, were examined in the simulated images. The simulations demonstrate that signal from the sinus increases the neighboring entorhinal cortex region (ERC) signal and activity detected from the meninges can similarly influence the inferior cerebellar grey matter reference region. ECB effects from the sinus were the most prevalent in our cohort, and simulations with the average ECB profile had ERC uptake (SUV) 23% higher than simulations with no ECB. Spill-in effects from the sinus, which increases the medial and ventral temporal cortex standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR), and spill-in from the meninges into the cerebellar reference region, which leads to a reduction in global SUVR, act in opposite directions, complicating the interpretation of the derived SUVR of [F-18]MK6240 images. These simulation results quantify the effects of ECB in [F-18]MK6240 scans and introduce correction factors to minimize bias of the SUVR measure.
New and Interesting Diatoms from the Shiwan Wetwalls, Yunnan Province, China. III. Valve ultrastructure of four new species of Eunotia (Bacillariophyceae: Eunotiales)
Authors: LIU QI , LIU ENHUI , YOU QINGMIN , WANG QINGHUA , KOCIOLEK JOHN PATRICK , XIE SHULIAN
Published: April 2024

Four new Eunotia (Bacillariophyceae: Eunotiales) species are described from the Shiwan Wetwalls in Yunnan Province, China, based on light and scanning electron microscopy. The four species all share the features that assign them to the genus, including asymmetry about the apical axis, raphe predominantly on the valve mantle, and presence of one or more rimoportulae, and they all possess pseudosepta. They differ from one another in several attributes, however. Three of the species possess striae contained in internal troughs, two have spines (either one stout spine at each apex or blunt spines along the dorsal margin) and one has thickened ridges between the striae. These observations of four new Eunotia species further demonstrates the diversity and uniqueness of this wetwall community in Yunnan.
Thysanotus tibeticum (Asparagaceae), a new species from Tibet, China
Authors: LIU GUANGHUA , LAN XIAOZHONG , ZUO YOUWEI , YANG YUBING , LI JIAXI , LIAO XIAOMIN , ZHANG JIABIN , DENG HONGPING
Published: April 2024

Thysanotus tibeticum (Asparagaceae) from Jiali, Tibet, China, is described, illustrated and compared with related species. T. tibeticum appears to be related to T. chinensis and T. patersonii due to the similar growth habit, but it can be easily distinguished by the shape of roots, flowering stems, inflorescence, pedicels, inner petals and anthers. Surprisingly, the new species is the only one of Thysanotus found in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The area is also the highest elevation and northernmost latitude distribution area where Thysanotus have been found.
Reinstatement of the East African Asplenium aequilaterale (Aspleniaceae), and resolution of its synonymy
Authors: CROUCH NEIL R. , HEMP ANDREAS , SMITH GIDEON F.
Published: April 2024

Following the valid publication in 1894 of the name Asplenium [‘Asplenum’] anisophyllum Kunze (1836: 511) var. aequilaterale Hieronymus in Engler (1894: 45) in the fern family Aspleniaceae for an East African taxon, and the further valid publication of this varietal name in Engler’s Die Pflanzenwelt Ost-Afrikas und der Nachbargebiete, Deutsch-Ost-Afrika the following year (Hieronymus 1895: 82), as Asplenium [again as ‘Asplenum’] anisophyllum Kunze (1836: 511) var. aequilaterale [‘aequilateralis’] Hieronymus in Engler (1895: 82), it seemingly remained unnoticed by pteridologists for nearly a century. Viane & Reichstein (1992) have pointed out that the name was not even listed in the Index Filicum of Christensen (1906) and Supplements, on which account it may have been overlooked in later relevant literature that includes Peter (1929), Faden (1973, 1974), and Jacobsen & Jacobsen (1989). Along with a specimen accessioned to Herb. B (Holst 2491), Viane & Reichstein (1992) relied on material collected by R.R. Schippers, held at Wageningen (Herb. WAG), to assess the status and position of Hieronymus’s variety. They deemed it recognisable at species rank and, accordingly, Viane published the name A. aequilaterale (Hieronymus in Engler 1895: 82) Viane in Viane & Reichstein (1992: 157), with Holst 2491 at Herb. B cited as the “holotype”. They recognised that the affinity of their species was not with A. anisophyllum in its present circumscription, but rather with the tropical African A. macrophlebium Baker in Hooker & Baker (1874: 485). The terrestrial A. aequilaterale was considered to grow in mid-montane forests between elevations of 1350 and 1950 m, within the South Pare and West Usambara mountains (Viane 1992). Schippers (1993) shortly thereafter extended the range of A. aequilaterale to include the North Pare mountains of Tanzania, and the Teita Hills of Kenya. He described it as a relatively common steep forest floor inhabitant, particularly in the South Pare and West Usambara mountains.
A Study of Payment Banks in India (With Special Reference to Paytm)
Authors: Saxena Deepika , Goyal Nihanshi
Published: April 2024

India began the transition to digital payments after the demonetization. The goal of digitization is to make basic financial services accessible to everybody, however, some undeserving people continue to live in remote areas outside the reach of financial services. The research looks at how newly licensed payment banks might engage with disadvantaged and migrant groups within the demographic pie to effectively achieve the inclusion goals of the Indian banking regulator. Financial inclusion is a significant step towards inclusive growth; thus, the article tries to explore how payment banks are facilitating the achievement of financial inclusion throughout the nation, with special reference to Paytm Payment Bank. The study uses descriptive and exploratory research design. The exploratory study is conducted using secondary data sources and the descriptive study is conducted using a well-structured questionnaire and statistical analysis was done to arrive at the results. Findings suggest that age, gender, occupation and educational qualification are associated with the preference to use payment banks and no association has been found between gender, age and educational qualification with the frequency of using Paytm Payment Bank. Results also reveal the positive and negative correlation between various variables. This study will assist numerous scholars and institutions in better understanding the meaning of payment banks and their role and contribution in financial inclusion.
The prevalence of headache in the adult population of Morocco: a cross-sectional population-based study
Authors: Kissani Najib , Adarmouch Latifa , Sidibe Aboubacar Sidik , Garmane Abderrahmane , Founoun Rachid , Chraa Mohamed , Thomas Hallie , Husøy Andreas , Steiner Timothy J
Published: April 2024

Background

The series of population-based studies conducted by the Global Campaign against Headache has, so far, included Pakistan and Saudi Arabia from the Eastern Mediterranean Region. The Maghreb countries of North Africa, also part of this Region, are geographically apart and culturally very different from these countries. Here we report a study in Morocco.

Methods

We applied the standardised methodology of Global Campaign studies, with cluster-randomized sampling in regions of Morocco selected to be representative of its diversities. In three of these regions, in accordance with this methodology, we made unannounced visits to randomly selected households and, from each, interviewed one randomly selected adult member (aged 18–65 years) using the HARDSHIP structured questionnaire translated into Moroccan Arabic and French. In a fourth region (Fès), because permission for such sampling was not given by the administrative authority, people were randomly stopped in streets and markets and, when willing, interviewed using the same questionnaire. This was a major protocol violation.

Results

We included 3,474 participants, 1,074 (41.7%) from Agadir, 1,079 (41.9%) from Marrakech, 422 (16.4%) from Tétouan and 899 from Fès. In a second protocol violation, interviewers failed to record the non-participating proportion. In the main analysis, excluding Fès, observed 1-year prevalence of any headache was 80.1% among females, 68.2% among males. Observed 1-day prevalence (headache yesterday) was 17.8%. After adjustment for age and gender, migraine prevalence was 30.8% (higher among females [aOR = 1.6]) and TTH prevalence 32.1% (lower among females [aOR = 0.8]). Headache on ≥ 15 days/month (H15+) was very common (10.5%), and in more than half of cases (5.9%) associated with acute medication overuse (on ≥ 15 days/month) and accordingly diagnosed as probable medication-overuse headache (pMOH). Both pMOH (aOR = 2.6) and other H15+ (aOR = 1.9) were more common among females. In the Fès sample, adjusted prevalences were similar, numerically but not significantly higher except for other H15+.

Conclusions

While the 1-year prevalence of headache among adults in Morocco is similar to that of many other countries, migraine on the evidence here is at the upper end of the global range, but not outside it. H15 + and pMOH are very prevalent, contributing to the high one-day prevalence of headache.
Focused ultrasound on the substantia nigra enables safe neurotensin-polyplex nanoparticle-mediated gene delivery to dopaminergic neurons intranasally and by blood circulation
Authors: Mascotte-Cruz Juan U. , Vera Arturo , Leija Lorenzo , Lopez-Salas Francisco E. , Gradzielski Michael , Koetz Joachim , Gatica-García Bismark , Rodríguez-Oviedo C. P. , Valenzuela-Arzeta Irais E. , Escobedo Lourdes , Reyes-Corona David , Gutierrez-Castillo ME. , Maldonado-Berny Minerva , Espadas-Alvarez Armando J. , Orozco-Barrios Carlos E. , Martinez-Fong Daniel
Published: April 2024

Neurotensin-polyplex nanoparticles provide efficient gene transfection of nigral dopaminergic neurons when intracerebrally injected in preclinical trials of Parkinson’s disease because they do not cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Therefore, this study aimed to open BBB with focused ultrasound (FUS) on the substantia nigra to attain systemic and intranasal transfections and evaluate its detrimental effect in rats. Systemically injected Evans Blue showed that a two-pulse FUS opened the nigral BBB. Accordingly, 35 μL of neurotensin-polyplex nanoparticles encompassing the green fluorescent protein plasmid (79.6 nm mean size and + 1.3 mV Zeta-potential) caused its expression in tyrosine hydroxylase(+) cells (dopaminergic neurons) of both substantiae nigrae upon delivery via internal carotid artery, retro-orbital venous sinus, or nasal mucosa 30 min after FUS. The intracarotid delivery yielded the highest transgene expression, followed by intranasal and venous administration. However, FUS caused neuroinflammation displayed by infiltrated lymphocytes (positive to cluster of differentiation 45), activated microglia (positive to ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1), neurotoxic A1 astrocytes (positive to glial fibrillary acidic protein and complement component 3), and neurotrophic A2 astrocytes (positive to glial fibrillary acidic protein and S100 calcium-binding protein A10), that ended 15 days after FUS. Dopaminergic neurons and axonal projections decreased but recuperated basal values on day 15 after transfection, correlating with a decrease and recovery of locomotor behavior. In conclusion, FUS caused transient neuroinflammation and reversible neuronal affection but allowed systemic and intranasal transfection of dopaminergic neurons in both substantiae nigrae. Therefore, FUS could advance neurotensin-polyplex nanotechnology to clinical trials for Parkinson’s disease.
Acyl-CoA-binding protein (ACBP) genes involvement in response to abiotic stress and exogenous hormone application in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
Authors: Chang Huayu , Ma Minhu , Gu Mingzhou , Li Shanshan , Li Mengrun , Guo Ganggang , Xing Guofang
Published: April 2024

Background

Acyl-CoA-Binding proteins (ACBPs) function as coenzyme A transporters and play important roles in regulating plant growth and development in response to abiotic stress and phytohormones, as well as in membrane repair. To date, the ACBP family has not been a comprehensively characterized in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.).

Results

Eight ACBP genes were identified in the barley genome and named as HvACBP1–8. The analysis of the proteins structure and promoter elements of HvACBP suggested its potential functions in plant growth, development, and stress response. These HvACBPs are expressed in specific tissues and organs following induction by abiotic stressors such as drought, salinity, UV-B exposure, temperature extremes, and exposure to exogenous phytohormones. The HvACBP7 and HvACBP8 amino acid sequences were conserved during the domestication of Tibetan Qingke barley.

Conclusions

Acyl-CoA-binding proteins may play important roles in barley growth and environmental adaptation. This study provides foundation for further analyses of the biological functions of HvACBPs in the barley stress response.
Shifting perspectives in coronary involvement of polyarteritis nodosa: case of 3-vessel occlusion treated with 4-vessel CABG and review of literature
Authors: Walter Dylan J. , Bigham Grace E. , Lahti Steven , Haider Syed W.
Published: April 2024

Background

Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN) is a systemic vasculitis (SV) historically thought to spare the coronary arteries. Coronary angiography and contemporary imaging reveal coronary stenosis and dilation, which are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Coronary arteries in PAN are burdened with accelerated atherosclerosis from generalized inflammation adding to an inherent arteritic process. Traditional atherosclerotic risk factors fail to approximate risk. Few reports document coronary pathology and optimal therapy has been guarded.

Methods

Database publication query of English literature from 1990–2022.

Results

Severity of coronary involvement eludes laboratory monitoring, but coronary disease associates with several clinical symptoms. Framingham risk factors inadequately approximate disease burden. Separating atherosclerosis from arteritis requires advanced angiographic methods. Therapy includes anticoagulation, immunosuppression and revascularization. PCI has been the mainstay, though stenting is confounded by vagarious alteration in luminal diameter and reports of neointimization soon after placement.

Conclusions

When graft selection avoids the vascular territory of SV’s, CABG offers definitive therapy. We have contributed report of a novel CABG configuration in addition to reviewing, updating and discussing the literature. Accumulating evidence suggests discrete clinical symptoms warrant suspicion for coronary involvement.
Accuracy of and preferences for blood-based versus oral-fluid-based HIV self-testing in Malawi: a cross-sectional study
Authors: O’Reilly Ailva , Mavhu Webster , Neuman Melissa , Kumwenda Moses K. , Johnson Cheryl C. , Sinjani George , Indravudh Pitchaya , Choko Augustin , Hatzold Karin , Corbett Elizabeth L.
Published: April 2024

Background

HIV self-testing (HIVST) can use either oral-fluid or blood-based tests. Studies have shown strong preferences for self-testing compared to facility-based services. Despite availability of low-cost blood-based HIVST options, to date, HIVST implementation in sub-Saharan Africa has largely been oral-fluid-based. We investigated whether users preferred blood-based (i.e. using blood sample derived from a finger prick) or oral fluid-based HIVST in rural and urban Malawi.

Methods

At clinics providing HIV testing services (n = 2 urban; n = 2 rural), participants completed a semi-structured questionnaire capturing sociodemographic data before choosing to test using oral-fluid-based HVST, blood-based HIVST or provider-delivered testing. They also completed a self-administered questionnaire afterwards, followed by a confirmatory test using the national algorithm then appropriate referral. We used simple and multivariable logistic regression to identify factors associated with preference for oral-fluid or blood-based HIVST.

Results

July to October 2018, N = 691 participants enrolled in this study. Given the choice, 98.4% (680/691) selected HIVST over provider-delivered testing. Of 680 opting for HIVST, 416 (61.2%) chose oral-fluid-based HIVST, 264 (38.8%) chose blood-based HIVST and 99.1% (674/680) reported their results appropriately. Self-testers who opted for blood-based HIVST were more likely to be male (50.3% men vs. 29.6% women, p < 0.001), attending an urban facility (43% urban vs. 34.6% rural, p = 0.025) and regular salary-earners (49.5% regular vs. 36.8% non-regular, p = 0.012). After adjustment, only sex was found to be associated with choice of self-test (adjusted OR 0.43 (95%CI: 0.3–0.61); p-value < 0.001). Among 264 reporting blood-based HIVST results, 11 (4.2%) were HIV-positive. Blood-based HIVST had sensitivity of 100% (95% CI: 71.5–100%) and specificity of 99.6% (95% CI: 97.6–100%), with 20 (7.6%) invalid results. Among 416 reporting oral-fluid-based HIVST results 18 (4.3%) were HIV-positive. Oral-fluid-based HIVST had sensitivity of 88.9% (95% CI: 65.3–98.6%) and specificity of 98.7% (95% CI: 97.1–99.6%), with no invalid results.

Conclusions

Offering both blood-based and oral-fluid-based HIVST resulted in high uptake when compared directly with provider-delivered testing. Both types of self-testing achieved high accuracy among users provided with a pre-test demonstration beforehand. Policymakers and donors need to adequately plan and budget for the sensitisation and support needed to optimise the introduction of new quality-assured blood-based HIVST products.
Investigation of correlation between shear wave elastography and lymphangiogenesis in invasive breast cancer and diagnosis of axillary lymph node metastasis
Authors: Li Bo , Dai Shaochun , Wang Qiucheng , Jing Hui , Shao Hua , Zhang Lei , Qin Ling , Qiao Cong , Wang Zhuozhong , Cheng Wen
Published: April 2024

Background

Accurate evaluation of axillary lymph node metastasis (LNM) in breast cancer is very important. A large number of hyperplastic and dilated lymphangiogenesis cases can usually be found in the pericancerous tissue of breast cancer to promote the occurrence of tumor metastasis.Shear wave elastography (SWE) can be used as an important means for evaluating pericancerous stiffness. We determined the stiffness of the pericancerous by SWE to diagnose LNM and lymphangiogenesis in invasive breast cancer (IBC).

Methods

Patients with clinical T1-T2 stage IBC who received surgical treatment in our hospital from June 2020 to December 2020 were retrospectively enrolled. A total of 299 patients were eventually included in the preliminary study, which included an investigation of clinicopathological features, ultrasonic characteristics, and SWE parameters. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to establish diagnostic model and evaluated its diagnostic performance of LNM. The correlation among SWE values, collagen volume fraction (CVF), and microlymphatic density (MLD) in primary breast cancer lesions was analyzed in another 97 patients.

Results

The logistic regression model is Logit(P)=-1.878 + 0.992*LVI-2.010*posterior feature enhancement + 1.230*posterior feature shadowing + 0.102*posterior feature combined pattern + 0.009*Emax. The optimum cutoff value of the logistic regression model was 0.365, and the AUC (95% CI) was 0.697 (0.636–0.758); the sensitivity (70.7 vs. 54.3), positive predictive value (PPV) (54.0 vs. 50.8), negative predictive value (NPV) (76.9 vs. 69.7), and accuracy (65.2 vs. 61.9) were all higher than Emax. There was no correlation between the SWE parameters and MLD in primary breast cancer lesions.

Conclusions

The logistic regression model can help us to determine LNM, thus providing more imaging basis for the selection of preoperative treatment. The SWE parameter of the primary breast cancer lesion cannot reflect the peritumoral lymphangiogenesis, and we still need to find a new ultrasonic imaging method.
Evaluation of a new score associated with acute kidney injury in patients treated with cisplatin based EXTREME regimen
Authors: Avry François , Roseau Charles , Leguay Zoé , Brabant Sixtine , Ganea Alexandre , Champeaux-Orange Elise , Priou Véronique
Published: April 2024

Background

This study evaluates the association of diuresis and hydration through a new monitoring indicator called $${U}_{sen}$$

U

sen

and the risk of acute kidney injury in patients treated with cisplatin based-EXTREME regimen.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed all the cycles of patients with recurrent and/or metastatic head and neck cancer who received cisplatin based-EXTREME regimen from June 2008 to July 2022. Hydration regimen, urine output and concomitant treatments data were collected on the day of cisplatin infusion and the following day of each course received.

Results

Of the 110 courses received by 46 patients, 38 (34.5%) results in AKI. No patient characteristics showed a significant difference between AKI (70%) and non-AKI (30%) group. In univariate analysis, dose reduction of cisplatin (odds ratio = 0.166 [0.04; 0.75], p = 0.01)) and $${U}_{sen}$$

U

sen

>8 (odds ratio = 0.316 [0.133; 0.755], p = 0.015) and cardiac treatments (odds ratio = 3.24 [1.26; 8.52], p = 0.02) were significantly associated with AKI risk. In multivariate analysis, cisplatin dose reduction (odds ratio = 0.129 [0.0241; 0.687], p = 0.016) and $${U}_{sen}$$

U

sen

>8 (odds ratio = 0.184 [0.0648; 0.523], p = 0.0015) were associated with a risk reduction of cisplatin-related AKI. Concomitant administration of cardiac treatments (odds ratio = 3.18 [1.1; 9.22], p = 0.033) showed an increased risk of cisplatin-related AKI.

Conclusion

The combination of diuresis and i.v. hydration through the $${U}_{sen}$$

U

sen

composite score was shown to be associated with cisplatin-induced AKI risk in patients treated with cisplatin based EXTREME regimen. It could be used as a practical indicator to trigger specific clinical management to limit the risk of cisplatin induced AKI.
The effect of the Sport Education Model in physical education on student learning attitude: a systematic review
Authors: Zhang Junlong , Xiao Wensheng , Soh Kim Geok , Yao Gege , Anuar Mohd Ashraff Bin Mohd , Bai Xiaorong , Bao Lixia
Published: April 2024

Background

Evidence indicates that the Sport Education Model (SEM) has demonstrated effectiveness in enhancing students' athletic capabilities and fostering their enthusiasm for sports. Nevertheless, there remains a dearth of comprehensive reviews examining the impact of the SEM on students' attitudes toward physical education learning.

Purpose

The purpose of this review is to elucidate the influence of the SEM on students' attitudes toward physical education learning.

Methods

Employing the preferred reporting items of the Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement guidelines, a systematic search of PubMed, SCOPUS, EBSCOhost (SPORTDiscus and CINAHL Plus), and Web of Science databases was conducted in mid-January 2023. A set of keywords associated with the SEM, attitudes toward physical education learning, and students were employed to identify relevant studies. Out of 477 studies, only 13 articles fulfilled all the eligibility criteria and were consequently incorporated into this systematic review. The validated checklist of Downs and Black (1998) was employed for the assessment, and the included studies achieved quality scores ranging from 11 to 13. The ROBINS-I tool was utilized to evaluate the risk of bias in the literature, whereby only one paper exhibited a moderate risk of bias, while the remainder were deemed to have a high risk.

Results

The findings unveiled significant disparities in cognitive aspects (n = 8) and affective components (n = 12) between the SEM intervention and the Traditional Teaching (TT) comparison. Existing evidence suggests that the majority of scholars concur that the SEM yields significantly superior effects in terms of students' affective and cognitive aspects compared to the TT.

Conclusions

Nonetheless, several issues persist, including a lack of data regarding junior high school students and gender differences, insufficient frequency of weekly interventions, inadequate control of inter-group atmosphere disparities resulting from the same teaching setting, lack of reasonable testing, model fidelity check and consideration for regulating variables, of course, learning content, and unsuitable tools for measuring learning attitudes. In contrast, the SEM proves more effective than the TT in enhancing students' attitudes toward physical learning.

Systematic review registration

(https://inplasy.com/) (INPLASY2022100040).
A scoping review of post-earthquake healthcare for vulnerable groups of the 2023 Turkey-Syria earthquakes
Authors: Balikuddembe Joseph Kimuli , Reinhardt Jan D. , Vahid Ghanbari , Di Baofeng
Published: April 2024

Background

Identifying healthcare services and also strengthening the healthcare systems to effectively deliver them in the aftermath of large-scale disasters like the 2023 Turkey-Syria earthquakes, especially for vulnerable groups cannot be emphasized enough. This study aimed at identifying the interventions undertaken or proposed for addressing the health needs or challenges of vulnerable groups immediately after the occurrence of the 2023 Turkey-Syria earthquakes, as well as for prioritizing their healthcare service delivery in the post-Turkey-Syria earthquake.

Methods

In this scoping review compiled with the five steps of the Arksey and O’Malley framework, five databases, including PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, OVID, and Google Scholar, were searched for studies published between March and April 2023 in line with the eligibility criteria. Interventions for enhancing post-earthquake healthcare services (PEHS) were grouped into seven (7) categories, adopted from previous guidelines and studies. Each one was assigned a default score of a value equal to one (1), which, in the end, was summed up.

Results

Of the 115 total records initially screened, 29 articles were eligible for review. Different interventions they reported either undertaken or proposed to address the healthcare needs and challenges, especially faced by the most vulnerable groups in the aftermath of the Turkey-Syria earthquakes, were categorized into 7 PEHS. They were ranked with their scores as follows: humanitarian health relief (25); medical care (17); mental health and psychosocial support (10); health promotion, education, and awareness (9); disease surveillance and prevention (7); disability rehabilitation (7); and sexual and reproductive health (5).

Conclusion

Since there are no proper guidelines or recommendations about the specific or most significant PEHS to prioritize for vulnerable groups after the occurrence of large-scale earthquakes, this scoping review provides some insights that can help inform healthcare service delivery and prioritization for vulnerable groups in the post-2023 Turkey-Syria earthquakes and other similar disasters.
Rate and risk factors of inadequate endometrial tissues after endometrial sampling among Bhutanese women at the national referral hospital of Bhutan: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Dorji Namkha , Dorjey Yeshey , Tshering Sangay , Pradhan Birendra , Chhetri Meera , Bhujel Damanti
Published: April 2024

Introduction

Women presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding needs careful and thorough assessment including ultrasound examination of endometrium and histopathological assessment of the endometrial tissues. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to determine the rate and the factors associated with inadequate endometrial tissues after endometrial sampling using MedGyn® pipette among Bhutanese women at the colposcopy clinic, Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital (JDWNRH), Bhutan.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted at the colposcopy clinic, JDWNRH, Thimphu between October, 2021 and March, 2022. Women included in this study underwent endometrial sampling using MedGyn® pipette without anesthesia as an office procedure. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire and results extracted into a structured pro forma. The histopathology reports were extracted from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, JDWNRH using the unique Bhutanese citizenship identity card number of the study participants.

Results

Inadequate endometrial tissues were noted in 27% (33 out of 122 cases). Among 89 patients with an adequate endometrial tissue, histologic results were normal in 30 (33.7%), benign pathology in 22 (24.7%), atrophy in 10 (8.2%), and hyperplasia in 27 (30.3%). In a univariate analysis, menopausal state (OR 1.6, 95% CI 0.708–3.765), overweight and obese (OR 1.6 95% CI 0.640–3.945), unemployed (OR 1.7, 95% CI 0.674–1.140), nulliparous (OR 1.7, 95% CI 0.183–15.816), primipara (OR 5.1, 95% CI 0.635–40.905) and use of hormonal contraception (OR 2.1, 95% CI 0.449–10.049) were associated with increased risk of inadequate endometrial tissues. On multivariate regression analysis, nulliparity (OR 1.1, 95% CI 0.101–12.061), overweight and obesity (OR 1.4, 95% CI 0.490–3.917), use of hormonal contraceptives (OR 2.2, 95% CI 0.347–13.889), and junior surgeons (OR 1.1, 95%CI 0.463–2.443) were found to be associated with inadequate endometrial tissues. However, the above associations were not statistically significant (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

The rate of inadequate endometrial tissue following endometrial sampling using MedGyn® pipette was 27.0%. Factors associated with an increased risk of inadequate endometrial tissue after endometrial sampling were menopausal state, overweight and obese, unemployed, nulliparous, primipara and use of hormonal contraception.
Successful management of VTE with essential thrombocythemia and cavernous transformation of the portal vein in early pregnancy: a case report
Authors: Kang Xin , Hong Shibin , Tan Chengxi , Di Wen , Zhang Ning
Published: April 2024

Due to the thrombohemorrhagic potential of essential thrombocythemia, pregnancy complicated by essential thrombocythemia should be recognized as a risk factor for obstetric complications. Here, we report the case of a patient with essential thrombocythemia with two significantly different pregnancy outcomes. Her first pregnancy (at 30 years of age) ended with an uneventful term delivery. However, the patient progressed to cavernous transformation of the portal vein in the period between her two pregnancies and subsequently experienced deep venous thrombosis during the first trimester of her second pregnancy (at 36 years of age). The patient’s platelet count during pregnancy was within the normal range, so she ignored previous instances of essential thrombocytosis (at 26 years of age). The patient’s main symptom was unrelieved pain in her leg. After that, she was successfully treated with anticoagulant throughout her entire pregnancy, resulting in a term vaginal delivery. This case highlights the importance of assessing pregnant patients with essential thrombocythemia according to their risk stratification. Specifically, risk assessments for potential pregnancy complications should take into account advanced maternal age and a previous history of thrombosis. Patients with essential thrombocythemia should be encouraged to participate in preconception counseling for risk assessment and to initiate prophylactic anticoagulation as soon as possible.
The trend of dental check-up and prevalence of dental complications following the use of bone modifying agents in patients with metastatic breast and prostate cancer: analysis of data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service
Authors: Lim Ah Reum , Park Wonse , Moon Seok Joo , Kim Min Sun , Lee Soohyeon
Published: April 2024

Background

Bone-modifying agents (BMA) are key components in the management of cancer patients with bone metastasis. Despite their clinical benefits, the use of BMA is associated with dental adverse events (AEs) including medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). This study investigated the frequency of dental surveillance before BMA treatment and the prevalence of dental AEs including MRONJ, after BMA treatment in patients with bone metastasis from breast and prostate cancer using data from the national health insurance system.

Methods

Data, including age, cancer diagnosis, administered BMA, and dental AEs during cancer treatment, of patients with bone metastasis from breast and prostate cancer who received at least one infusion of BMA between 2007 and 2019 were extracted from the Korean National Health Insurance Service (KNHIS) dataset.

Results

Of the 15,357 patients who received BMA, 1,706 patients (11.1%) underwent dental check-ups before BMA treatment. The proportion of patients receiving dental check-up increased from 4.4% in 2007 to 16.7% in 2019. Referral to dentists for a dental check-up was more active in clinics/primary hospitals than general/tertiary hospitals, and medical doctors and urologists actively consulted to dentists than general surgeons, regardless of the patient’s health insurance status. After BMA treatment, 508 patients (3.8%) developed dental AEs, including abscess (42.9%), acute periodontitis (29.7%), acute pericoronitis (14.9%), and MRONJ (12.5% of dental AEs cases, 0.5% of total BMA treated patients).

Conclusions

Considering the long treatment period in patients with metastatic cancer, coordination between dentists and oncologists is necessary to ensure appropriate dental management before the initiation of BMA.
Insights for disease modeling from single-cell transcriptomics of iPSC-derived Ngn2-induced neurons and astrocytes across differentiation time and co-culture
Authors: Das D. , Sonthalia S. , Stein-O.’Brien G. , Wahbeh MH. , Feuer K. , Goff L. , Colantuoni C. , Mahairaki V. , Avramopoulos D.
Published: April 2024

Background

Trans-differentiation of human-induced pluripotent stem cells into neurons via Ngn2-induction (hiPSC-N) has become an efficient system to quickly generate neurons a likely significant advance for disease modeling and in vitro assay development. Recent single-cell interrogation of Ngn2-induced neurons, however, has revealed some similarities to unexpected neuronal lineages. Similarly, a straightforward method to generate hiPSC-derived astrocytes (hiPSC-A) for the study of neuropsychiatric disorders has also been described.

Results

Here, we examine the homogeneity and similarity of hiPSC-N and hiPSC-A to their in vivo counterparts, the impact of different lengths of time post Ngn2 induction on hiPSC-N (15 or 21 days), and the impact of hiPSC-N/hiPSC-A co-culture. Leveraging the wealth of existing public single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) data in Ngn2-induced neurons and in vivo data from the developing brain, we provide perspectives on the lineage origins and maturation of hiPSC-N and hiPSC-A. While induction protocols in different labs produce consistent cell type profiles, both hiPSC-N and hiPSC-A show significant heterogeneity and similarity to multiple in vivo cell fates, and both more precisely approximate their in vivo counterparts when co-cultured. Gene expression data from the hiPSC-N show enrichment of genes linked to schizophrenia (SZ) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) as has been previously shown for neural stem cells and neurons. These overrepresentations of disease genes are strongest in our system at early times (day 15) in Ngn2-induction/maturation of neurons, when we also observe the greatest similarity to early in vivo excitatory neurons. We have assembled this new scRNA-seq data along with the public data explored here as an integrated biologist-friendly web-resource for researchers seeking to understand this system more deeply: https://nemoanalytics.org/p?l=DasEtAlNGN2&g=NES.

Conclusions

While overall we support the use of the investigated cellular models for the study of neuropsychiatric disease, we also identify important limitations. We hope that this work will contribute to understanding and optimizing cellular modeling for complex brain disorders.
Immune cell infiltration and drug response in glioblastoma multiforme: insights from oxidative stress-related genes
Authors: Wang Kan , Xiao Yifei , Zheng Ruipeng , Cheng Yu
Published: April 2024

Background

GBM, also known as glioblastoma multiforme, is the most prevalent and lethal type of brain cancer. The cell proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and treatment of gliomas are significantly influenced by oxidative stress. Nevertheless, the connection between ORGs and GBM remains poorly comprehended. The objective of this research is to investigate the predictive significance of ORGs in GBM and their potential as targets for therapy.

Methods

We identified differentially expressed genes in glioma and ORGs from public databases. A risk model was established using LASSO regression and Cox analysis, and its performance was evaluated with ROC curves. We then performed consistent cluster analysis on the model, examining its correlation with immunity and drug response. Additionally, PCR, WB and IHC were employed to validate key genes within the prognostic model.

Results

9 ORGs (H6PD, BMP2, SPP1, HADHA, SLC25A20, TXNIP, ACTA1, CCND1, EEF1A1) were selected via differential expression analysis, LASSO and Cox analysis, and incorporated into the risk model with high predictive accuracy. Enrichment analyses using GSVA and GSEA focused predominantly on malignancy-associated pathways. Subtype C of GBM had the best prognosis with the lowest risk score. Furthermore, the model exhibited a strong correlation with the infiltration of immune cells and had the capability to pinpoint potential targeted therapeutic medications for GBM. Ultimately, we selected HADHA for in vitro validation. The findings indicated that GBM exhibits a significant upregulation of HADHA. Knockdown of HADHA inhibited glioma cell proliferation and diminished their migration and invasion capacities and influenced the tumor growth in vivo.

Conclusion

The risk model, built upon 9 ORGs and the identification of GBM subtypes, suggests that ORGs have a broad application prospect in the clinical immunotherapy and targeted drug treatment of GBM. HADHA significantly influences the development of gliomas, both in vivo and in vitro.