bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Real-Time 58,2Gb/s Equalization-Free NRZ Mode Burst Transmission for Upstream HS-PON and beyond with Monolithically Integrated SOA-UTC Receiver
Authors: Simon Gaël , Potet Jérémy , Saliou Fabienne , Chanclou Philippe , Blache Fabrice , Charbonnier Philippe , Duval Bernadette , Caillaud Christophe , Mallecot Franck.
Published: April 2022

We demonstrate the capacity of a monolithically integrated SOA-UTC photodiode to meet the HS-PON upstream burst mode sensitivity requirements at 50Gb/s (-26.5dBm and 20km achieved), and record error free performances at 58,2Gb/s.
A Control Hierarchy for Integrated Packet-Optical Networks Utilizing Pluggable Transceivers
Authors: Gerstel Ori , Galimberti Gabriele , Foster Brent
Published: April 2022

A proposed architecture for control of packet-optical networks is analyzed and demonstrated. The specific challenge of managing routers with integrated pluggable WDM transceivers with open optical line systems is addressed while considering standards alignment.
Hardware Comparison of Xponders and ZR+ in Metro and Core Networks with Mixed IP and OTN Traffic
Authors: Gumaste Ashwin , Pedro Joao , Momtahan Paul , Bock Harald
Published: April 2022

We evaluate the role of transponders-muxponders (Xponders) and ZR+-pluggable interfaces in metro and core networks beyond 400Gb/s across 3-metro and 3-core topologies. The stochastic study computes hardware-count and overbuilds with Xponders resulting in lowest counts.
Characteristics of Field Operation Data for Optical Transceivers in Hyperscale Data Centers
Authors: Xie Chongjin , Wang Chunxiao , Chen Qin , Wang Zhicheng , Wang Peng , Lu Rui , Wang Lei
Published: April 2022

We collect and analyze field operation data of optical transceivers in hyperscale data centers, including temperatures, infant mortality and causes of failures, to shed some light on reliability of optical transceivers in data centers.
Coherent Optics for Access from P2P to P2MP
Authors: Campos L. Alberto , Jia Zhensheng , Xu Mu , Zhang Haipeng
Published: April 2022

Coherent optics is being re-designed to future-proof access networks using P2P and P2MP systems. Coherent optics’ higher speeds and link budgets, provide significant deployment flexibility. Coherent optics architecture, standards, and service implications benefits are discussed.
Performance and Reliability of Advanced CW Lasers for Silicon Photonics Applications
Authors: Johnson John E. , Bacher Kenneth , Schaevitz Rebecca , Raghunathan Vivek
Published: April 2022

Co-Packaged Optics (CPO) using Silicon Photonics Chiplets in Package (SCIP) is an essential technology for flattening the power consumption curve for Networking and Compute applications in Hyperscale Datacenters. CW lasers are integral to the operation of these systems and are an important part of the power solution. This talk will review the impact of advanced CW lasers on the architecture, performance, efficiency and reliability of CPO systems.
Tutorial: Evolution of Machine Learning in Optical Access Networks
Authors: Wong Elaine , Ruan Lihua , Mondal Sourav
Published: April 2022

This tutorial will provide a comprehensive review of the evolution of machine learning in optical access networks, from drivers, supporting technologies, through to novel applications and new use cases.
Structure and mid-infrared optical properties of spin-coated polyethylene films developed for integrated photonics applications
Authors: David Mauro , Disnan Davide , Lardschneider Anna , Wacht Dominik , Hoang Hanh T. , Ramer Georg , Detz Hermann , Lendl Bernhard , Schmid Ulrich , Strasser Gottfried , Hinkov Borislav
Published: April 2022

Polyethylene is a promising polymer for mid-infrared integrated optics due to its broad transparency and optimal refractive index. However, simple fabrication protocols that preserve its optical characteristics are needed to foster a wide range of applications and unlock its full potential. This work presents investigations of the optical and structural properties of spin-coated linear low-density polyethylene films fabricated under humidity-controlled conditions. The film thickness on polymer concentration dependence shows a non-linear behavior, in agreement with previously reported theoretical models and allowing predictive concentration-dependent thickness deposition with high repeatability. The surface roughness is on the nanometer-scale for all investigated concentrations between 1% and 10%. The crystallinity of the films was studied with the Raman spectroscopy technique. Mid-infrared ellipsometry measurements show a broad transparency range as expected for bulk material. Layer exposure to solvents revealed good stability of the films, indicating that the fabricated layers can outlast further fabrication steps. These investigations confirm the excellent properties of spin-coated thin films fabricated with our novel method, creating new opportunities for the use in photonic integrated circuits
Perfluoroalkyl acrylate functionalized soft cubic optical microstructure with enhanced electric-field responsiveness
Authors: Li Zhi-Ying , Sun Pei-Zhi , Yuan Cong-Long , Liu Bing-Hui , Hu Hong-Long , Wang Yi-Fei , Li Ping , Zheng Zhi-Gang
Published: April 2022

An advisable perfluoroalkyl acrylates functionalized system is proposed and experimentally demonstrated to drastically enhance the electric-field responsiveness of blue phase liquid crystal (BPLC), which overcomes the common tradeoff between the driving voltage and response time dependent on the polymer concentration. On one hand, a quick electrical response can be readily obtained from a denser polymer network due to the participation of perfluoroalkyl acrylates in photo-crosslinking; on the other hand, the large rising trend of driving voltage with the growing polymer concentration can be alleviated due to the reduced anchoring energy between the BPLC and surrounding polymer attributed to the lower surface tension of perfluoroalkyl acrylate. In consequence, a faster decay time of 0.54 ms and almost hysteresis-free electro-optical (E-O) performance of the BPLC is achieved, with an efficient reduction by almost half in the driving voltage.
School performance in Danish children exposed to maternal type 1 diabetes in utero: A nationwide retrospective cohort study
Authors: Spangmose Anne Lærke , Skipper Niels , Knorr Sine , Wullum Gundersen Tina , Beck Jensen Rikke , Damm Peter , Lykke Mortensen Erik , Pinborg Anja , Svensson Jannet , Clausen Tine
Published: April 2022

Background

Conflicting results have been reported concerning possible adverse effects on the cognitive function of offspring of mothers with type 1 diabetes (O-mT1D). Previous studies have included offspring of parents from the background population (O-BP), but not offspring of fathers with type 1 diabetes (O-fT1D) as the unexposed reference group.

Methods and findings

This is a population-based retrospective cohort study from 2010 to 2016. Nationally standardized school test scores (range, 1 to 100) were obtained for public school grades 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 in O-mT1D and compared with those in O-fT1D and O-BP. Of the 622,073 included children, 2,144 were O-mT1D, and 3,474 were O-fT1D. Multiple linear regression models were used to compare outcomes, including the covariates offspring with type 1 diabetes, parity, number of siblings, offspring sex, smoking during pregnancy, parental age, and socioeconomic factors. Mean test scores were 54.2 (standard deviation, SD 24.8) in O-mT1D, 54.4 (SD 24.8) in O-fT1D, and 56.4 (SD 24.7) in O-BP. In adjusted analyses, the mean differences in test scores were −1.59 (95% CI −2.48 to −0.71, p < 0.001) between O-mT1D and O-BP and −0.78 (95% CI −1.48 to −0.08, p = 0.03) between O-fT1D and O-BP. No significant difference in the adjusted mean test scores was found between O-mT1D and O-fT1D (p = 0.16). The study’s limitation was no access to measures of glycemic control during pregnancy.

Conclusions

O-mT1D achieved lower test scores than O-BP but similar test scores compared with O-fT1D. Glycemic control during pregnancy is essential to prevent various adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with type 1 diabetes. However, the present study reduces previous concerns regarding adverse effects of in utero hyperglycemia on offspring cognitive function.
Isolation, identification, and whole-genome sequencing of high-yield protease bacteria from Daqu of ZhangGong Laojiu
Authors: Liu Yanbo , Fu Junying , Wang Linlin , Zhao Zhijun , Wang Huihui , Han Suna , Sun Xiyu , Pan Chunmei
Published: April 2022

A total of 296 strains of protease-producing bacteria were isolated and purified from medium-temperature Daqu produced by ZhangGong LaoJiu Wine Co. Ltd. After calculating the ratio of transparent ring diameter to colony diameter and measuring the protease activities, a strain of high-yield protease bacteria, called DW-7, was screened out with a protease activity of 99.54 U/mL. Through morphological observation, 16S rDNA sequence analysis, and physiological and biochemical tests, the isolated bacteria DW-7 was determined to beBacillus velezensis. In addition, whole-genome sequencing (WGS), using PacBio and the Illumina platform, was performed. Gene annotation was then conducted using the Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), Non-Redundant Protein Sequence Database (NR), and Gene Ontology (GO) databases. The results showed that the genome of DW-7 was 3,942,829 bp long with a GC content of 46.45%. A total of 3,662 protein-encoding genes were predicted, with a total length of 3,402,822 bp. Additionally, 2,283; 2,796; and 2,127 genes were annotated in the COG, KEGG, and GO databases, respectively. A total of 196 high-yield protease genes were mainly enriched in the metabolism of alanine, aspartic acid, glutamate, glycine, serine, and threonine, as well as ABC transporter and transporter pathways.
Using mobile phone data to estimate dynamic population changes and improve the understanding of a pandemic: A case study in Andorra
Authors: Berke Alex , Doorley Ronan , Alonso Luis , Arroyo Vanesa , Pons Marc , Larson Kent
Published: April 2022

Compartmental models are often used to understand and predict the progression of an infectious disease such as COVID-19. The most basic of these models consider the total population of a region to be closed. Many incorporate human mobility into their transmission dynamics, usually based on static and aggregated data. However, mobility can change dramatically during a global pandemic as seen with COVID-19, making static data unsuitable. Recently, large mobility datasets derived from mobile devices have been used, along with COVID-19 infections data, to better understand the relationship between mobility and COVID-19. However, studies to date have relied on data that represent only a fraction of their target populations, and the data from mobile devices have been used for measuring mobility within the study region, without considering changes to the population as people enter and leave the region. This work presents a unique case study in Andorra, with comprehensive datasets that include telecoms data covering 100% of mobile subscribers in the country, and results from a serology testing program that more than 90% of the population voluntarily participated in. We use the telecoms data to both measure mobility within the country and to provide a real-time census of people entering, leaving and remaining in the country. We develop multiple SEIR (compartmental) models parameterized on these metrics and show how dynamic population metrics can improve the models. We find that total daily trips did not have predictive value in the SEIR models while country entrances did. As a secondary contribution of this work, we show how Andorra’s serology testing program was likely impacted by people leaving the country. Overall, this case study suggests how using mobile phone data to measure dynamic population changes could improve studies that rely on more commonly used mobility metrics and the overall understanding of a pandemic.
Can active learning techniques simultaneously develop students’ hard and soft skills? Evidence from an international relations class
Authors: Betti Andrea , Biderbost Pablo , García Domonte Aurora
Published: April 2022

Purpose

In recent decades, educators have pushed to implementing active learning techniques that can advance students’ competences. Universities are increasingly required to develop knowledge measured in terms of grades (hard skills) and inter-personal, social, and communication abilities (soft skills). Nevertheless, within the field of active learning, educators often focus on how these techniques can improve students’ hard skills and their satisfaction. Few have analysed whether and how these techniques might improve students’ soft skills. Moreover, among these few studies, the majority has analysed hard and soft skills separately, measuring whether different active learning techniques may or may not improve them. Virtually no one has studied whether students’ hard and soft skills can converge or diverge in an active learning format. This study allows us to understand the relations between these two sets of variables, for example, whether an improvement (or deterioration) in the hard skills corresponds to an improvement (or deterioration) in the soft skills, and vice versa.

Method

In our experiment, we analyse the impact of a specific active learning format, such as the Flipped Classroom (FC), on both students’ hard and soft skills, by comparing it with a traditional class integrated with other active learning techniques, such as presentations, debates, and teamwork activities. First, we use Pearson correlations to measure the relation between students’ hard skills, understood in terms of grades, and a set of soft skills, such as critical thinking, self-efficacy, teamwork, and perception of learning. Second, we use canonical correlations to analyse whether hard and soft skills converge or diverge in an FC format, in comparison with a traditional teaching format integrated with the other active learning techniques.

Results and conclusions

Our main finding is that the FC per se neither improves nor worsens students’ performance in terms of hard and soft skills.
Protocol for a randomized controlled trial comparing the Circle of Security-parenting (COS-P) with treatment as usual in child mental health services
Authors: Bikic Aida , Smith-Nielsen Johanne , Dalsgaard Søren , Swain James , Fonagy Peter , Leckman James F.
Published: April 2022

Background

The quality of a child’s attachment to its primary caregiver plays an important role for its long-term socioemotional development. While ‘secure’ attachment is associated with better outcomes, ‘insecure’ attachment is associated with a higher risk of externalizing and internalizing symptoms. Children referred to mental health services show much higher rates of insecure attachment than the general population, yet the parent-child relationship is rarely in treatment focus. Attachment quality is closely associated with parental sensitive responsiveness that is target of attachment-based interventions like Circle of Security (COS). COS has shown to improve attachment quality and the well-being of both children and parents. No randomized controlled trials have investigated the effect of COS on parental sensitivity and child psychiatric symptoms in child mental health services.

Objectives

To investigate whether COS-Parenting (COS-P) can increase observed maternal sensitivity and decrease children’s psychiatric symptoms as an add on to treatment as usual (TAU).

Methods

In a randomized controlled parallel superiority trial COS-P is compared with TAU for parents of children referred to child mental health services (n = 186). Families are randomized 2:1 to intervention or control group, if their child is between 3 and 8 years old and scores ≥ 93d percentile on both the CBCL total score and the oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder subscale. Primary outcome is maternal sensitivity, secondary and exploratory outcomes include, among others, child psychiatric symptoms, parental stress and coping with children’s negative emotions. Outcomes and adverse events are assessed before (T0) and after 10 weeks of treatment (T1) and 6 months later (T2). Regression analysis and /or ANOVA will be used for all outcomes.

Perspectives

Targeting the parent-child relation has the potential to reduce psychiatric symptoms in children. This trial will provide valuable information if attachment-based interventions like COS-P can enhance treatment as usual in child mental health services.

Trail registration

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03578016.
Morphological and molecular characterization of variation in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) germplasm from Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
Authors: Nasar Sidra , Ostevik Kate , Murtaza Ghulam , Rausher Mark D.
Published: April 2022

Phaseolus vulgaris, an essential food and source of protein, is cultivated across the world. This study was carried out to investigate the diversity and population structure of 34 P. vulgaris landrace accessions collected from the Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJ&K) regions of Pakistan. The samples were analyzed both morphologically and using genetic variation identified through RNA sequencing. Our results indicated that most genetic variation occurs among local accessions, with little genetic variation occurring between geographical regions. In addition, the accessions fell into two major genetic groups. Morphological analysis revealed that these two genetic groups differ in a number of quantitative traits, including seed length, seed width, and seed weight. One accession, DUD-11, appears to be a mixture of the two major groups genetically as well as morphologically. Among the other accessions, DUD-8, RWK-2, and NGD-1 depicted particularly high seed weight along with higher seed length, seed width, and seed yield per plant. We suggest focusing on these accessions in future breeding programs. More generally, our results provide baseline data that will be useful for crop improvement and effective cultivation practices in Pakistan.
Determinants of hyperemesis gravidarum among pregnant women attending health care service in public hospitals of Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Ashebir Gedife , Nigussie Haymanot , Glagn Mustefa , Beyene Kassaw , Getie Asmare
Published: April 2022

Background

Hyperemesis gravidarum is severe nausea and excessive vomiting, starting between 4 and 6 gestational weeks, peak at between 8 and 12 weeks and usually improve and subside by 20 weeks of pregnancy. Identifying the determinants of hyperemesis gravidarum has a particular importance for early detection and intervention to reduce the health, psychosocial and economic impact. In Ethiopia there is low information on determinants of hyperemesis gravidarum.

Methods

Institution based unmatched case-control study design was conducted from April 12- June 12, 2021. A structured face-to-face interviewer administered questionnaire and checklist for document review were used to collect the data from 360 study participants (120 cases and 240 controls). The data were collected by KoBocollect 1.3, and then exported to statistical package for social science version 25 for further analysis. Both bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression analysis were done to identify the determinants and a p-value < 0.05 with a 95% confidence level was used to declare statistical significance.

Result

Being an urban dweller (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.01, 4.34), having polygamous husband (AOR = 2.92, 95% CI: 1.27, 6.68), having history asthma/ other respiratory tract infections (AOR = 3.56, 95% CI: 1.43, 8.82), saturated fat intake (AOR = 4.06 95% CI: 1.98, 8.3), no intake of ginger (AOR = 3.04 95% CI: 1.14, 8.09), and inadequate intake of vitamin B rich foods (2.2, 95% CI: 1.14–4.2) were the determinants of hyperemesis gravidarum.

Conclusion

This study revealed that, urban residence, having polygamous husband, history of asthma/other respiratory tract infections, intake of saturated fat, no intake of ginger, inadequate intake of vitamin B reach foods were found to be independent determinants of hyperemesis gravidarum. It is better if healthcare providers and government authorities exert continual effort to give health education and counselling service concerning to dietary practice and asthma attacks. It is advisable if pregnant women adhere to healthy diets and limit intake of saturated fats and also husband and nearby relatives give care and support for pregnant women.
Homogeneity of agriculture landscape promotes insecticide resistance in the ground beetle Poecilus cupreus
Authors: Sowa Grzegorz , Bednarska Agnieszka J. , Ziółkowska Elżbieta , Laskowski Ryszard
Published: April 2022

The intensification of agriculture leads to increased pesticide use and significant transformation from small fields towards large-scale monocultures. This may significantly affect populations of non-target arthropods (NTA). We aimed to assess whether the multigenerational exposure to plant protection products has resulted in the evolution of resistance to insecticides in the ground beetlePoecilus cupreusoriginating from different agricultural landscapes. Two contrasting landscapes were selected for the study, one dominated by small and another by large fields. Within each landscape the beetles were collected at nine sites representing range of canola coverage and a variety of habitat types. Part of the collected beetles, after acclimation to laboratory conditions, were tested for sensitivity to Proteus 110 OD–the most commonly used insecticide in the studied landscapes. The rest were bred in the laboratory for two consecutive generations, and part of the beetles from each generation were also tested for sensitivity to selected insecticide. We showed that the beetles inhabiting areas with medium and large share of canola located in the landscape dominated by large fields were less sensitive to the studied insecticide. The persistence of reduced sensitivity to Proteus 110 OD for two consecutive generations indicates that either the beetles have developed resistance to the insecticide or the chronic exposure to pesticides has led to the selection of more resistant individuals naturally present in the studied populations. No increased resistance was found in the beetles from more heterogeneous landscape dominated by small fields, in which spatio-temporal diversity of crops and abundance of small, linear off-crop landscape elements may provide shelter that allows NTAs to survive without developing any, presumably costly, resistance mechanisms.
Adoption and income effects of new agricultural technology on family farms in China
Authors: Wu Fang
Published: April 2022

Family farms are the main force that promotes the direct application of new agricultural technology to production. So what are the factors that affect the adoption of new agricultural technology by family farms, and can the adoption of new technology increase the operating income of family farms? Using cross-sectional data from 847 family farms, this study examines the determinants and impacts of multiple new agricultural technologies adoption on family farms’ income in China. To account for selection bias from both observable and unobservable factors, an endogenous switching regression model is employed to evaluate the effects of new agricultural technology on family farms’ income. The empirical results show that the adoption of new agricultural technology is affected by the endowment of farmers and the characteristics of family farms. After controlling for the selection bias, the adoption of new agricultural technologies has a positive and significant impact on family farms’ income. And the impact on the non-adopter family farms is much larger than adopter family farms. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that family farms with a larger area of arable land earn more from the adoption of new technologies than small farms. In all types of technology investigated, the new methods of pest control and the new chemical fertilizer technology have a relatively large impact on family farms’ income, while the new mechanical technology has the least impact on family farms’ income. The adoption of new technologies by family farms is more important for promoting the progress of agricultural science and technology. Therefore, it is necessary to take effective measures to overcome the obstacles to the adoption of new agricultural technologies and pay more attention to the use of new agricultural technologies to improve agricultural production efficiency.
Keep singing out: Families’ use of popular music as a resource for raising resilient children
Authors: Johnson-Green Elissa
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine musical parenting for resilience in young children and how popular music, especially, was an essential resource for the families raising them. To address this question, I implemented a longitudinal interview study with five families with children attending kindergarten in the United States. Qualitative data analysis showed that parents used popular music intuitively and deliberately to teach their children resilience skills. Specifically, it played a central role in the children’s emotional and social development, strengthening family relationships and creating family coherence, all implicated in developing healthy resilience.
Hubungan Parameter Status Gizi dengan Body Fat pada Anak Usia Sekolah di Panti Asuhan Surakarta
Authors: Satiadarma Tiffany , Kurniasari Elisabeth Nova , Lestari Sandra , Kurnianto Kartiko , Moelyo Annang Giri
Published: April 2022

Latar belakang. Obesitas pada anak merupakan masalah dengan dampak di masa mendatang. Anak-anak di panti asuhan dapat mengalami risiko obesitas selain gizi kurang. Parameter status gizi dapat digunakan untuk prediksi body fat pada anak obesitas.Tujuan. Mengetahui hubungan indeks massa tubuh (IMT), lingkar pinggang (LP), rasio lingkar pinggang dengan tinggi badan (rasio LP/TB), lingkar lengan atas (LiLA), triceps skinfold thickness, dan lingkar leher dengan body fat pada anak usia sekolah di panti asuhan. Metode. Penelitian cross sectional dengan subjek penelitian berusia 6-18 tahun di 2 panti asuhan di Surakarta. Variabel terikat berupa body fat (normal, overweight, obes) dan variabel bebas berupa IMT, LP, rasio LP/TB, LiLA, triceps skinfold thickness, dan lingkar leher. Tingkat depresi dinilai menggunakan skala Children’s Depression Inventory serta aktivitas fisik dinilai dengan Physical Activity Questionnare for Older Children (PAQ-C) dan Physical Activity Questionnare for Adolescent (PAQ-A).Hasil. Sebanyak 73 sampel dengan rincian 43 laki- laki dan 30 perempuan. Terdapat korelasi antara body fat dengan IMT, LP, rasio LP/TB, LiLA, dan triceps skinfold thickness pada laki-laki dan perempuan ((p<0,05). Terdapat korelasi antara lingkar leher dengan body fat pada perempuan, tetapi tidak ditemukan korelasi pada laki- laki. Pada laki-laki, parameter yang paling kuat hubungannya adalah rasio LP/TB dan triceps skinfold thickness, dan pada perempuan adalah IMT dan LiLA.Kesimpulan. Terdapat korelasi positif antara parameter status gizi dengan body fat pada anak usia sekolah di panti asuhan.
Hubungan Status Gizi dan Anemia dengan Penyakit Jantung Bawaan pada Anak
Authors: Umboh Adrian , Rompies Ronald , Umboh Valentine
Published: April 2022

Latar belakang. Penyakit Jantung Bawaan (PJB) adalah kelainan kongenital pada struktur dan fungsi sirkulasi. Morbiditas dan mortalitas PJB dipengaruhi berbagai faktor, seperti status gizi dan anemia. Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan status gizi dan anemia pada anak dengan PJB asianotik dan sianotik di RSUP Prof. DR. R.D. Kandou Manado. Metode. Penelitian ini bersifat observasional analitik dengan metode potong-lintang pada anak 1-18 tahun dengan PJB di RSUP Prof. R.D. Kandou, Manado pada Maret-Oktober 2021. Analisis hubungan berat badan, tinggi badan, status gizi dan anemia dengan PJB dilakukan dengan uji Mann-Whitney atau Chi square. Hasil. Sampel terdiri dari 62 anak (51,6% laki-laki dan 48,4% perempuan). PJB asianotik ditemukan pada 77,42% dan PJB sianotik 22,58%. Berat badan dan status gizi ditemukan berkaitan dengan PJB; anak PJB asianotik memiliki berat badan (rerata 16 kg vs 11 kg, p=0,000) dan status gizi yang lebih baik (rG=0,947 dan p=0,000). Tinggi badan tidak berkaitan dengan PJB. PJB dan anemia memiliki hubungan erat (p = 0,017), dengan OR = 4,6 (CI 95%: 1,2-16,8).Kesimpulan. Berat badan, status gizi, dan anemia berkaitan dengan PJB. Anak dengan PJB asianotik memiliki berat badan dan status gizi yang lebih baik, serta lebih mungkin mengalami anemia.
Pengaruh Pemberian Vitamin E terhadap Kadar Oksidan pada Leukemia Limfoblastik Akut Fase Induksi
Authors: Anggraeni Dewi , Sjakti Hikari Ambara , Medise Bernie Endyarni
Published: April 2022

Latar belakang. Penderita leukemia limfoblastik akut (LLA) akan mengalami perubahan status oksidan dan antioksidan sejak awal diagnosis dan selama kemoterapi. Vitamin E merupakan antikarsinogenik dan berperan mencegah kerusakan oksidatif pada struktur sel dan jaringan lewat reaksi pemecahan radikal bebas. Tujuan. Mengetahui pengaruh vitamin E terhadap kadar oksidan, kadar enzim transaminase, dan insiden demam neutropenia pada LLA saat awal dan selesai kemoterapi fase induksi. Metode. Uji klinis acak tersamar ganda yang membandingkan kelompok vitamin E dengan kelompok plasebo pada penderita LLA saat awal dan selesai kemoterapi fase induksi pada bulan Juni-November 2019 di poliklinik Hematologi Onkologi Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Anak FKUI RSCM Kiara. Hasil. Terdapat peningkatan kadar median MDA saat awal fase induksi dan terjadi penurunan MDA secara bermakna saat selesai fase induksi pada kelompok plasebo. Terdapat peningkatan median enzim transaminase (AST dan ALT) saat awal fase induksi dan terjadi penurunan delta median AST secara bermakna saat selesai fase induksi pada kelompok plasebo. Insiden demam neutropenia (per episode) ditemukan hampir sama pada kelompok vitamin E dan kelompok plasebo. Kesimpulan. Vitamin E tidak terbukti secara bermakna memperbaiki kadar MDA, enzim transaminase, dan insiden demam neutropenia pada penderita LLA fase induksi.
Laporan kasus berbasis bukti: Efektivitas Kortikosteroid dalam Pengobatan Spasme Infantil
Authors: Hendrayani Teti , Rita Masayu , Darwin Syarif , Indra Raden Muhammad
Published: April 2022

Latar belakang. Spasme infantil (SI) adalah suatu sindrom epilepsi berat dengan awitan masa bayi. Hormon adrenokortikotropik(ACTH) merupakan obat utama pada SI. Karena ACTH tidak tersedia di Indonesia, kortikosteroid dipertimbangkan sebagai obat pengganti. Tujuan. Telaah bukti membandingkan efektivitas kortikosteroid (prednison atau prednisolon) dan ACTH dalam mengobati SI.Metode. Penelusuran literatur secara terstruktur pada pangkalan data Pubmed, Cohcrane dan Google Scholar.Hasil. Didapatkan 19 artikel, dua artikel yang terpilih kemudian menjalani telaah kritis, terdiri dari satu meta-analisis dan satu meta-analisis network terhadap uji klinis acak terkontrol. Bukti yang tersedia menunjukkan bahwa kortikosteroid terutama prednisolon oral dosis tinggi (4 mg/kg/hari atau 40-60 mg/kg/hari) memiliki efektivitas setara dengan ACTH dalam menghentikan spasme atau menyebabkan perbaikan elektroensefalografi pada anak-anak dengan SI, meski tingkat kepastian bukti tergolong rendah.Kesimpulan. Prednisolon oral dosis tinggi dapat digunakan untuk pengobatan SI apabila ACTH tidak tersedia.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF HERB CULTIVATED ALCHEMILLA MOLLIS AND WILD-GROWING ALCHEMILLA VULGARIS
Authors: Boiarshinov Vitaliy Dmitriyevich , Zorina Elena Vladimirovna
Published: April 2022

Plants of the genus Alchemilla are being researched as perspective sources of medicinal plant materials in order to obtain substances with various pharmacological properties. The problem of using the agamic-sexual complex Alchemilla vulgaris L.s.l, which has a high variability of morphological characteristics and chemical composition, can be solved by using a Alchemilla culture. Now, Alchemilla mollis (Buser) Rothm is grown in territory of Russia as an ornamental plant. This microspecies is a representative of the flora of southern Europe and, according to the literature, accumulates a large amount of biologically active substances, and also has a high biomass indicators. To assess the possibility of expanding the raw material base of the aerial part of the Alchemilla, was researched content of the main groups of biologically active substances in cultivated A. mollis and wild A. vulgaris in the conditions of the Middle Urals. As a result of the research, phenol carboxylic acids, flavonoids (flavones and flavonols), isoflavones, aurones, catechins, cyanidins, coumarins, condensed and hydrolyzable tannins, ascorbic acid, amino acids, polysaccharides were found in the aerial parts of A. mollis and A. vulgaris. A quantitative analysis showed that the aerial part of A. mollis accumulates a significantly more tannins (with a predominance of condensed forms) and a significantly less ascorbic acid, in comparison with the aerial part of A. vulgaris; differences in the accumulation of polysaccharides and flavonoids were not found. Alchemilla mollis, cultivated in the conditions of Middle Urals, can be proposed as a source of the base of aerial part of the Alchemilla, taking into account the chemotaxonomic features of this microspecies.
FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS FROM WASTE PAPER. IV. COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FUNCTIONAL COMPOSITION, SUPRAMOLECULAR STRUCTURE AND MORPHOLOGY OF POWDER CELLULOSES ISOLATED FROM WASTE PAPER, PLANT CELLULOSES AND UNCONVENTIONAL RAW MATERIALS
Authors: Mikhailidi Aleksandra Mikhaylovna , Markin Vadim Ivanovich , Kotelnikova Nina Efimovna
Published: April 2022

A comparative study of the supramolecular structure, physico-chemical properties and morphology of powder celluloses (PCs) obtained from the waste paper of newsprint and cardboard, plant cellulose and unconventional raw materials was conducted using the methods of FTIR spectroscopy, high-resolution 13C NMR spectroscopy in the solid phase, wide-angle X-ray scattering and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). According to the results of FTIR and 13C NMR spectroscopy, the functional composition of PCs is similar to that of wood PCs and matches highly purified cellulose samples. The crystallographic structure of powder samples corresponds to the structure of cellulose I. The crystallinity and transverse dimensions of crystallites are 39.4% and 40.2% and 45 Å [110] and 54 Å [110] for PC from newsprint paper and cardboard, respectively. These values considerably exceed the analogous values for the initial waste paper samples. A comparative analysis of the SEM results showed a significant similarity of PCs fibers of different origin. The results of the study of the physico-chemical properties of PCs isolated from waste paper make it possible to predict their competitive application in comparison with plant PCs.
TELYSHEVA GALINA MAKSIMOVNA
Authors: Tyunina Erika L'vovna
Published: April 2022

Telisheva Galina Maksimovna 08/17/1937 - 11/12/2021
OBTAINING SUPRAMOLECULAR COMPLEXES OF ANGIDROLAGOQUILINE WITH GLYCYRRHISINOIC ACID AND ITS SALTS AND STUDYING THEIR SPECIFIC HEMOSTATIC ACTIVITY
Authors: Sobirova Fotima Azamjonovna , Islamov Akmal Khushvaktovich , Elmurodov Laziz Kahramonovich , Rasulov Alisher Khayatovich , Sobirova Zukhra Azamkhanovna , Artikova Gulzor Narboevna , Matchanov Alimzhan Davlatbaevich
Published: April 2022

The hemostatic effect of drugs of the genus Lagochilus (Lamiaceae) is due to the content in its composition of four atomic alcohol diterpenoid lagochiline, alkaloid stahydrine, vitamin K and tannins. On the basis of lagochilin, a number of acetyl and isopropylidene derivatives were obtained. It has been shown that the hemostatic activity in a certain way depends on the number of free hydroxyl groups of lagochilin and its derivatives. However, lagochiline derivatives are poorly soluble in water, which limits their bioavailability. Chemical modification of lagochilin is carried out mainly by hydroxyl groups with the production of esters or succinates with dibasic anhydrides.

 For the first time, water-soluble supramolecular complexes based on the diterpenoid lactone an-hydrolagoquiline with the triterpene saponin glycyrrhizic acid (GA) and its monoammonium (MASGA) and monopotassium salts (MPSGA) in various molar ratios were obtained. The physicochemical and spectral characteristics of the resulting complex compounds have been studied. Screening studies were carried out to study the specific hemostatic activity of the obtained supramolecular complexes. Among Lagochilin Lagochirzine and their derivatives at a dose of 10 mg/kg, Lagochilin had the most active effect on bleeding time, followed by Anhydrolagochilin–Lagohirzin. The greatest effect on bleeding time at a dose of 10 mg/kg among supramolecular complexes with HA was shown by HA-AHL, which in a ratio of 2 : 1 it was impossible to determine the bleeding time, and in a ratio of 4 : 1 it reduced the bleeding time by 12 times, and the amount of blood loss by 42 times.
RECYCLING OF WET-STRENGTH TISSUE PAPER. PART 1. KINETICS OF PAPER DISINTEGRATION AT REPULP-ING PROCESS
Authors: Penkin Anton Anatol'yevich
Published: April 2022

The present investigation focuses on disintegration kinetics of wet-strength tissue paper in various termo-alkaline and chemical conditions of batch low-consistency repulping process. As chlorine-free repulping aids, we applied sodium persulfate in its original state and in combination with peroxy activator (chemically activated form of sodium persulfate). Based on a first-order kinetic model, we estimated the influence of repulping conditions on the intensity of wet-strength paper defiberization process by the disintegration rate constant kd. The values of kd were found by linear least-squares curve fitting of the experimental data in the t, ln (F'/100) coordinate system, where F' is non-disintegrated or non-defibrated portion of paper, t – repulping time. The results have shown that the termo-alkaline repulping of wet-strength tissue paper (T=60 °C, pH=10.5) compared with mild conditions of repulping (T=40 °C, pH=8.5) leads to an increase of the rate constant of disintegration kd from 5.6·10-3 min-1 to 9.7·10-3 min-1. Addition of 2% persulfate at termo-alkaline repulping increases the rate constant of disintegration kd up to 14,0·10-3 min-1. Application of chemically activated persulfate under the same conditions allows to further increase the kd up to 23.4·10-3 min-1. Raising the temperature and pH of the pulp during persulfate repulping increases the disintegration rate constant kd nonlinearly. Finally, addition of persulfate along with thermo-alkaline pulp treatment lead to decline repulping time and energy by 31% and 29%. It should be noted, that more significant savings of time and energy (57% and 59% respectively) we found at the application of persulfate in a chemically activated form.
Exploring where science is made in an outdoor and digital museum in a Brazilian university
Authors: Fabrício Tárcio Minto , Pezzo Mariana Rodrigues , de Oliveira Adilson Jesus Aparecido
Published: April 2022

In conventional science museums, where collections are at the centre of activities, large financial contributions and staff are required, which results in their existence being unfeasible in many cases, especially in developing countries. We present an alternative proposal: a science centre called Knowledge Paths, which is, simultaneously, a virtual platform and an outdoor museum located on one of the campuses of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Brazil. The project has a much lower cost than traditional institutions and presents itself as a possibility for mediation between different audiences and scientific knowledge. The approach used is supported by the theoretical framework from Educating Cities and science, technology, society (STS) education. The project proposes itineraries to be followed on campus, through signposts that, in addition to texts about great scientists and other thinkers, contain QR codes linking them to videos, other texts and supplementary materials related to the areas of knowledge associated with the marked places. The project also offers guided tours in which participants visit laboratories and other locations where science is made. The museum has two functioning itineraries: the Epistemological Trail, about history and the main characteristics of different areas of knowledge; and the Light Trail, which is aimed at children.
The Ba’al Shem, the Prince, and the Shepherd: Popular Healing, Religion, and Politics in Early Nineteenth-Century Germany
Authors: Bell Dean Phillip
Published: April 2022

In diesem Aufsatz geht es um die Geschichte dreier populärer christlicher und jüdischer Heiler des frühen 19. Jahrhunderts mit sehr unterschiedlichem Hintergrund – der legendäre jüdische Rabbiner und Wundertäter Seckel Löw Wormser (1768–1847), bekannt als der Baʼal Shem von Michelstadt, der weithin bekannte katholische Geistliche und Fürst Alexander von Hohenlohe (1794–1849) und der populäre heilende Schäfer Heinrich Mohr (1798–1884). Untersucht wird die komplexe Beziehung zwischen Religion, Volksheilung (und sogar Magie) und Medizin. Der Vergleich dieser Heiler offenbart auch etwas über den vielschichtigen Prozess der Professionalisierung der Medizin. Nicht zuletzt kommt in diesem Aufsatz die zunehmende Rolle des Staates und der zivilen Behörden in der Sorge um die Gesundheit im Allgemeinen und in der Kontrolle der Körper der Untertanen zur Sprache.
The Gendered Body in Verse: Jacob of Serugh and Romanos Melodos on the Woman with a Flow of Blood
Authors: Walsh Erin
Published: April 2022

This article examines the reception history of the story of the woman with a flow of blood as recounted in Mark 5:25–34, Matthew 9:20–22, and Luke 8:43–48 within the writings of two late antique poets: Jacob of Serugh (ca. 451–521 CE) and Romanos Melodos (b. ca. 485 CE). In their poetic compositions, Jacob and Romanos retell and interpret biblical stories employing narrative expansions and the attribution of imagined speech. The Syriac poet, Jacob of Serugh, wrote in the form of narrative poems, ormēmrē, while Romanos perfected the form of the Greekkontakion.Like prose homilies, these poems reached Christians from across the social spectrum, providing spiritual instruction and delighting audiences. Previous reception histories of this biblical narrative have largely overlooked late antique and early Byzantine poetry performed within the liturgical space. In addition to filling this lacuna in scholarship, this article also highlights how these understudied poems contribute to our understanding of early Christian discourses of (im)purity. Romanos emphasizes the symbolic value of the gendered body, blending the imagery of stain, impurity, and sin. In contrast, Jacob’s lexical choices and poetic style underscore the woman’s physical and emotional strife. Through speech and the description of the woman’s bodily state, both poets provide dramatic depictions of the woman’s encounter with Jesus that enrich our understanding of how late antique Christians interpreted this biblical story.
Políticas públicas de salud y migración venezolana en la frontera amazónica bajo una perspectiva antropológica
Authors: Dos Santos Fabiane Vinente , Queiroz Rafaele
Published: April 2022

Utilizando o método etnográfico na análise de legislação, relatórios, planos e outros documentos, o artigo pretende contribuir para a compreensão das bases de como estão se dando as respostas do Brasil ao fluxo migratório dos venezuelanos, investigando os processos de formulação de políticas públicas relacionadas a estes imigrantes, com foco no campo da saúde e no estado do Amazonas, Brasil. Tais políticas são fruto de um longo processo de debates internos e externos e tem sido desenvolvidas não apenas no contexto da Lei No. 13.445/2017, chamada de Lei de Migrações, que ampliou as possibilidades dos migrantes internacionais como sujeitos de direito, mas também antes desta, por meio dos esforços de alinhamento do Brasil às linhas internacionais de repressão ao crime organizado, dos quais a Convenção de Palermo (Resolução N.° 55/25 da Assembleia das Nações Unidas) foi a maior expressão. O artigo explora estas continuidades e rupturas e seus efeitos nas políticas no âmbito local do estado do Amazonas.
Habitar y curar entre tensiones y (re) existencias en la ribera alta del río Iténez
Authors: Manrique García Diana
Published: April 2022

El presente texto realiza una aproximación etnográfica a la complejidad relacional presente en los territorios amazónicos, donde las rutas de cuidado y cura detonan un hecho que no puede pasar desapercibido: la presencia de las instituciones religiosas, que hace eco hasta tiempos presentes y marca con heridas profundas la historia y los cursos de vida que allí se tejen. Estas marcas hacen parte de un legado principalmente misional de la iglesia católica, manifiesto en jesuitas y franciscanos, que además de disputas espirituales deriva en tensiones y re-existencias entre los sujetos actores de los procesos de cuidado y cura.
Identificación molecular de microorganismos en cultivos agrícolas, ornamentales y forestales en Costa Rica, 2009-2018. Parte 1
Authors: Blanco-Meneses Mónica
Published: April 2022

Introducción. El Laboratorio de Técnicas Moleculares aplicadas a la Fitoprotección (LTM), Centro de Investigación en Protección de Cultivos, Universidad de Costa Rica; recibe cultivos agrícolas, ornamentales y forestales para la identificación de microorganismos por medio de técnicas moleculares. Objetivo. Identificar con técnicas moleculares hongos, oomicetes y protozoa patogénicos y no patogénicos en cultivos agrícolas, ornamentales y forestales de Costa Rica. Materiales y métodos. Entre los años 2009 y 2018, se recibieron partes de plantas (raíz, tallo, hojas, frutos) y otros materiales como agua, sustrato y suelo, de los cuales se obtuvieron 805 aislamientos para identificación de microorganimos por mediante técnicas de extracción de ADN, PCR en tiempo final y en tiempo real y secuenciación mediante marcadores moleculares. Resultados. La secuenciación permitió la identificación de un total de 154 especies de hongos, 6 oomicetos y 1 protozoa. Dentro de los hongos identificados predominaron géneros como Fusarium con catorce especies diferentes, seguidos de Colletotrichum y Aspergillus con once especies identificadas para cada uno. En los oomicetes, prevalecieron especies del género Phytophthora y dentro de los protozoa el género Plasmodiophora. Además, las referencias científicas que respaldan la presencia de los microorganismos identificados en un cultivo en particular, han sido incluidas dentro de la información. Conclusión. Fue posible identificar mediante técnicas moleculares especies de hongos, oomicetos y protozoa patogénicos y no patogénicos aislados de diferentes cultivos agrícolas, ornamentales y forestales en Costa Rica.