bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of thymoquinone: the extract of nigella sativa in accelerating soft callus formation in fracture
Authors: Santoso Agung R. B. , Huwae Thomas E. C. J. , Kristianto Yanuar , Putera Marvin A.
Published: October 2019

Background: Excessive oxidative stress on fracture case can inhibit fracture healing and decrease time of bone healing. Thymoquinone, an active substance of Nigella sativa, the so-called black cumin in common, is a potent antioxidant and have been studied as an antiosteoporotic agent. Thymoquinone is expected to be the adjuvant alternative that enhance the recovery process of fracture cases by reducing oxidative stress and promotes osteoblast proliferation on callus formation.Methods: Among 32 male mice Wistar Strain divided into 2 groups, conducted tibia fracture and casted. Group 1 was the control group without supplementation of Nigella sativa while black-cummin extract were given in group 2 orally at a dose of 800 mg/kg for 14 days. On the 14th day, group 1 and 2 were sacrificed, each bone tissue was taken to measure the levels of MDA by utilizing TBARS method and calculate the number of osteoblasts under the microscope. Data analysis were done using independent t-test.Results: There are both decreased MDA levels and increased number of osteoblasts that are histologically significant to the groups administered by Nigella sativa extract containing Thymoquinone compared to the control groups (p <0.05) on day 14.Conclusions: The administration of Thymoquinone from the extract of Nigella sativa reduced oxidative stress in fractures as well as increase the number of the osteoblast and its differentiation in callus formation.
Fundus fluorescein angiographic assessment of patients with proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy and Macular Edema before and after intravitreal injection of Bevacizumab
Authors: . Ankur , Kumar Yogesh , Arora Deepesh , Tyagi Rupali , Mittal Sanjeev Kumar
Published: October 2019

Background: To assess the role of intravitreal bevacizumab (1.25 mg) in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy with macular edema in terms of change in leakage area and best-corrected visual acuity.Methods: This prospective randomized interventional study was conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology from September 2013 to August 2015 and included thirty eyes of twenty patients.After a detailed history and ocular examination, diagnosed cases of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and diabetic macular edema (DME) underwent sequential fundus fluorescein angiography. Bevacizumab was administered intravitreally. Patients were assessed two hours after injection for anterior chamber reaction and intraocular pressure and were advised follow-ups at 24 hours and then at 1, 4, 8 and 12 weeks. For the outcome, the change of retinal new vessels by assessment of leakage area using Quantitative Planimetric Analysis (QPA) of photographs as well as the change in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) from baseline to the 12 weeks follow-up, were done. Results were analyzed statistically by applying t-test.Results: Intravitreal bevacizumab injection lead to a significant decrease in leakage in DME and PDR, and improvement in mean BCVA. The effect was maximum at 4 weeks which weaned off as the study progressed through it remains statistically significant at the end of 12 weeks.Conclusions: Intravitreal bevacizumab plays a major role in treating and reducing visual deterioration in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema.
Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practices of universal precautions among medical and nursing students
Authors: C. S. Vinod Kumar , Prasad Sonika Bindu , Gopalkrishnan Ananya , G. Basavarajappa K. , Kalasuramath Suneeta
Published: October 2019

Background: Universal precautions is an approach to infection control to treat all human blood and certain human body fluids as if they were known to be infectious for HIV, HBV and other bloodborne pathogens. The CDC recommends Standard Precautions for the care of all patients, regardless of their diagnosis or presumed infection status. Health care personals are at risk of being exposed to blood-borne pathogens. The aim of the study to determine the knowledge, attitude and practice of medical and nursing students towards universal precautions.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out at S. S. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Davangere, Karnataka. The participants were medical and Nursing undergraduate students. A questionnaire was prepared based on the WHO and CDC guidelines on Universal Precautions and was validated and pre-tested before finalization. Degree of knowledge was ascertained by means of yes-no questions on each item being evaluated.Results: All students were aware of Universal precautions, but soundness of their knowledge is very poor. Compliance in Universal precautions is good to average in nursing students but poor to average in medical students.Conclusions: It can be concluded that interventions to improve Universal precautions among medical students, nursing students urgently needed. So, there is a need for developing strategies to promote the use of Universal precautions which take into account behaviour change and accuracy of knowledge including its integration into practice. Teaching universal precautions early in their curriculum is necessary for better learning and practices during their posting.
Troponins can it determine the outcome in acute organophosphorus poisoning?
Authors: Shivaraj Kiran , Shettigar Shruti K.
Published: October 2019

Background: India has shown a sharp rise in the number of suicidal poisoning in the past few years and organo-phosphorus compounds are the most commonly implicated. This is a prospective study done to assess if troponins can be used as a prognostic marker in patients with organophosphate poisoning.Methods: Author conducted a prospective study on 50 patients to measure the level of troponin T and CK-MB on admission and Day 3 in patients with OP poisoning. This was then correlated to the severity of poisoning and also studied for its association with outcomes like respiratory failure or death. The primary endpoints were death and respiratory failure while secondary endpoint was the length of ICU stay.Results: With 0.1 ng/ml taken as the cut off for Troponin- T, and 40 U/L for CK-MB, positive cardiac enzymes were seen only in 10% of the patients, but all the patients in this group developed res-piratory failure. The mean Troponin T and CK-MB levels (0.1142±0.06 ng/ml and 39.14±8.23 U/L) were higher for patients who died when compared to the survivors. A similar picture was seen in patients with respiratory failure (Troponin T 0.0895±0.01 ng/ml and 34.65±11.66 U/L) as compared to those without respiratory failure.Conclusions: The level of cardiac enzymes correlated well with the severity of poisoning, days of ICU stay and outcome, thus suggesting its use as a prognostic indicator of organophosphorus poisoning.
A clinical study on retinopathy of prematurity in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Dalai Ramamani , Das Kedarnath , Nayak Diptimayee , Murmu Mangal Charan , Nanda Prasanta Kumar
Published: October 2019

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a multifactorial vasoproliferative retinal disorder that increases in incidence with decreasing gestational age. India shares 20% of the world childhood blindness. Besides congenital cataract, congenital glaucoma and ocular injuries, ROP is emerging as one of the important causes of childhood blindness in India.Methods: This hospital based prospective study was undertaken during October 2016 to September 2018 in the Department of Ophthalmology, SCB Medical College. Authors included (a) all preterm infants weighing less than 1750gm or gestational age less than 34 weeks at birth, (b) infants with birth weight between 1750gm to 2000gm and gestational age more than 34 weeks (late preterm and term infants) those were considered as high risk.Results: Among the 328 babies included in our study, the incidence of ROP was 29.57%. Bilateral ROP was found in 76.29% with nearly equal stages in both eyes and only 23 neonates showed unilateral involvement.Conclusions: Low birth weight, lower gestational age, blood transfusion, Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS), apnoea, supplemental oxygen therapy, maternal anaemia and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were strongly associated with development of ROP.
Clinical study of central serous chorioretinopathy presenting in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Dalai Ramamani , Rout Rajashree , Pradhan Manjula , Nanda Prasanta Kumar
Published: October 2019

Background: Central Serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is one of the common causes of visual handicap affecting young people of highly intellectual professionals at the peak of their career which can lead to irrecoverable loss of vision.Methods: The present prospective observational population-based study was conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology, S.C.B. Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha from October 2013 to September 2015. The total number of patients attended the Outpatient Department (OPD) during the study period were 1,83,199. Amongst which 123 patients diagnosed to have CSCR were selected for the present study.Results: Incidence of CSCR during in this study period was 0.06%. The age group most commonly affected was 31 to 40 years. Males were affected 7 times more commonly than females. Increased incidence was noticed in bank employees (21.1 %) and IT professionals (17.8%).Conclusions: There was increased incidence of the disease in people under stressful life condition.
Clinical course and prognosis of dilated cardiomyopathy in children
Authors: Hirapur Iranna S. , Rajendran Ravindran , . Jayaranganath , Nanjappa Manjunath
Published: October 2019

Background: Epidemiology and clinical course of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in children and infants are not well established. Thus, this study aims to investigate the clinical course and prognosis of DCM in childrenMethods: This was a single-center, prospective, observational study conducted at a tertiary-care center in India between February 2011 and September 2012. A total of 31 patients admitted to the paediatric department diagnosed with DCM were included in the study. Patients were divided into three groups based on the age at the time of diagnosis: 0-3 years, >3-12 years and >12-16 years. Among the study population, 28 patients were followed up for a mean period of 1.44 years and three patients were lost to follow-up.Results: Of the 31 patients, 11 patients were male with a mean age of 8.9±6 years and 20 patients were female with a mean age of 8.3±6 years. All patients were presented with same characteristics of New York heart association (NYHA) class III-IV dyspnoea and fatigue. Among 28 patients who were followed-up for a mean period of 1.44 years, 20(71.4%) patients died and eight patients were on follow up. Of the eight patients, five patients were with NYHA class III symptoms and three patients were with NYHA class I-II symptoms.Conclusions: Dilated cardiomyopathy in children is a very serious disease with a grave prognosis. Patients with NYHA III-IV symptoms have a very high mortality rate and potential use of other therapies remains to be fully evaluated in paediatric population.
Clinico-biochemical profile of chronic kidney disease patients in elderly age group in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Rajkondawar Atul V. , Yele Amit
Published: October 2019

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains one of the major health problems in India. Renal function steadily deteriorates as age advances and advancing age has been indicted to have adverse implications in the disease progression to end stage renal disease (ESRD). With the present study, clinico-biochemical profiling of chronic kidney disease patients in geriatric age group as well as comparison with non-elderly patients was undertaken.Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, 100 patients of CKD admitted in the tertiary care study centre were enrolled consecutively and assessed for symptoms, signs and biochemical parameters over two years. Study subjects were divided into two groups:- Group 1: Elderly patients- aged 60 years or more, and Group 2: Non-elderly patients- less than 60 years of age. Relevant comparisons were drawn statistically and tested for significance.Results: Pallor and pedal edema were observed to be the commonest clinical features across groups. Elderly group shows higher prevalence of severe anaemia (mean hemoglobin- 7.4 gm%). Higher prevalence of clinical and biochemical derangement was found in patients with relatively lower GFR. Elderly age group also had more prevalence of electrolyte abnormalities compared with non-elderly population, with statistically significant difference observed for hyponatremia (p value- 0.023), hypoproteinemia (p value- 0.0078) and blood urea level (p value- 0.0054).Conclusions: Understanding beforehand the biochemical abnormalities associated with old age in CKD patients helps in appropriate modifications in patient management.
Histogenesis of human fetal kidney from 14 weeks to 36 weeks: a study
Authors: Pokarna Divya Jain , Kshitija K. , Saritha Seethamsetty
Published: October 2019

Background: The knowledge of fetal human Kidney morphology and developmental anatomy is very important for prenatal diagnosis of disorders such as Wilm’s tumor, hydronephroses and congenital malformation etc.Methods: The study was carried out on 40 kidneys procured from 20 spontaneously aborted fetuses (11males and 9 females) ranging from 14wks-36wks of gestation, after confirming their age through  CRL they were grouped and then processed to form slides and stained with haemtoxylin and eosin and seen under light microscope.Results: All kidneys were lobulated at early gestational age and became fused by 36 wks. Corticomedullary junction and preformed collecting tubules were seen clearly by 18wks. Well differentiated PCT and DCT were formed by 19-23 wks. Well-formed pyramids by 28 wks and medullary rays by 29 weeks were clearly distinguished. Loop of Henle developed and distinguished by 28 wks. Increased vascularity was seen by 32-36 wks. Nephrogenic zone and undifferentiated mesenchyme decreased and matured glomeruli increased by 36 wks.Conclusions: The present study gave emphasis to the development of each component in medulla and cortex of kidney.
Awareness about cigarettes and other tobacco products act and impact of health warnings on smokers in a North Indian city
Authors: Gupta Riya , Majeed Mudasir , Langer Bhavna , Kumari Rashmi , Gupta Rajiv Kumar , Mir Mehak Taban
Published: October 2019

Background: Tobacco use is a major preventable cause of morbidity as well as mortality worldwide. To combat the increasing trend of this problem, Government of India formulated the COTPA (Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act) in 2003. The study aimed to assess the awareness about COTPA and impact of pictorial warnings among smokers attending outpatient services in a tertiary care hospital in Jammu.Method: The present study was conducted among 320 patients attending the outpatient department of Internal Medicine, Government Medical College, Jammu who happened to be cigarette smokers. The questionnaire was developed by authors with the help of literature review and pilot tested before its final use. Information was elicited about demographic details, awareness about COTPA and impact of pictorial warnings on quitting of smoking.Results: More than half of the respondents were in 30-50-year age group and were urban residents. Awareness about COTPA was good on some parameters but was relatively low on other parameters. Despite all, the respondents noticing pictorial warnings on tobacco packages, only 69.37% of them were contemplating to quit. About half of them were of the view that warning statements preferably be written in local languages.Conclusion: Health and pictorial warnings on tobacco packages remain an important pillar in filling the gap of knowledge and communicating the health risks of tobacco use to the consumers. Only 69.3% of the respondents were planning to quit and awareness levels about COTPA were mixed.
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy complicating a twin pregnancy at partum
Authors: Rao B.V. Nagabhushana , Rekha A. , Narayan A. Sankar , Manjusha A.
Published: October 2019

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a rare syndrome characterized by acute left ventricular dysfunction with regional left ventricular ballooning, mimicking myocardial infarction. This condition is often described in post-menopausal women. Authors present a case in an elderly primi with twin gestation immediately after Cesarean surgery. We discussed her presentation, investigations, diagnosis, management and outcome. 35 year female, a primi with twin pregnancy developed chest pain and shortness of breath immediately after Cesarean surgery. Her Electrocardiograph was abnormal, and Echocardiogram demonstrated abnormal apical ballooning of the left ventricle and severe dysfunction. Cardiac enzymes were elevated and chest skiagram showed pulmonary edema. She was managed in the intensive care unit with oxygen supplementation, diuretics and inotropes. She made an excellent recovery with normalization of left ventricular ejection fraction within 8 days. During the six months follow up, she was asymptomatic and left ventricular function remained normal.
Unusual clinical presentation and complications following preoperative embolization of a large adrenal tumor
Authors: Garg Puneet , Aggarwal Ankita , Krishnan Venkatram , Bajaj Sunil Kumar , Misra Ritu Nair
Published: October 2019

Authors present a case of a young female presenting with secondary amenorrhea which on further investigation revealed a large intra-abdominal mass, likely arising from the left adrenal gland. As the tumor was highly vascular with large feeders, she was referred for pre-operative embolization to reduce the blood loss during surgery. Post embolization, the patient suffered from an unusual complication of tumor rupture along with excessive secretion of catecholamines resulting in myocarditis and myocardial infarction. Patient ultimately died of the myocardial infarction. Preoperative embolization of a large, hypervascular adrenal mass lesion is not devoid of unusual complications like tumor rupture and subsequent cardiovascular complications even if the tumor is hormonally inactive. This complication is extremely rare and has never been reported in adrenal tumors after embolization.
Migration of intra caesarean intrauterine device to sigmoid colon: a case report
Authors: Behura Jharna , Kumar Sanjiva
Published: October 2019

Post-partum intrauterine contraceptive device inserted during caesarean section provides long acting reversible contraception to women soon after birth. It is now well accepted for its safety and efficacy. Uterine perforation, which is one of the most serious complication of PPIUCD has rarely been reported following intracaesarean insertion. The thick uterine wall and placement under direct vision helps prevent perforation. However, migration of IUCD to peritoneal cavity, causing perforation of several adjacent organs can occur due to improper closure of the uterine incision. Migration to sigmoid colon is an extremely rare complication. Authors present the case of a 29-year-old woman who had a Cu T 380 A insertion during Caesarean section. After 12 months of insertion, the patient suffered abdominal pain gradually increasing in intensity and frequent episodes of bleeding per rectum. Laparoscopic exploration revealed IUCD perforating the sigmoid colon completely and adhesions of bowel loops to the sigmoid colon. Extraction using laparoscopic method by gently pulling the threads was unsuccessful and the patient was managed by laparotomy.
Students’ feedback on the foundation course in competency based medical education curriculum
Authors: Khilnani Ajeet Kumar , Patel Jitendra , Khilnani Gurudas
Published: October 2019

The Medical Council of India (MCI) has formulated a new Competency Based Medical Education (CBME) Curriculum for the Indian Medical Graduates with an objective of making medical education outcome based. A one month long Foundation Course (FC) is a hallmark of this CBME which is implemented during the first month of first professional MBBS studies. The objective is to acquaint, allay apprehension and prepare freshers for further studies using andragogical and heutagogical approaches. The MCI also released the guidelines for the medical colleges for uniform conduct of FC across the country. The FC was divided into six modules, i.e. Orientation Module, Skills Module, Community orientation module, Professional Development and Ethics Module (P and E), Enhancement of Language and Computer Skills Module, and Sports and extracurricular activities.1 A total of 175 hours were allotted to these modules. Like every institute, our institute also developed the implementation program and time-table of FC using MCI guidelines and taking into account the available resources.2,3  The FC at our institute was conducted from 1st August 2019 to 31st August 2019 and was meticulously planned and implemented. The effective implementation  required committed efforts of 30 faculty members (12 Professors, 11 Associate Professors and 7 Assistant Professors), two language and one fine arts teacher,  and 4 non-teaching members  (Librarian, IT-personnel, Coach for sports and motivational Guru). The students were trained to write reflections daily in their log - books which are being analysed further.
Outcome of minimal invasive surgery approach for spine infection: a systematic review
Authors: Ridia Ketut Gede Mulyadi
Published: October 2019

The concept of minimally invasive surgery has gained increasing popularity in the last several decades, are being introduced as an alternative to limit the surgical complications while achieving best possible outcome. While minimally invasive spine surgery holds promise for lower blood loss, faster patient recovery, shorter hospital stays, and the potential to transition procedures to the ambulatory setting, safety in spinal surgery remains paramount and has (appropriately) tempered some of the enthusiasm for the results of aggressive early adapters. Until now, there has been no literature summarizing the evidence of MIS outcome in treating spondylitis TB of the bone. The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the outcome of minimal invasive surgery approach for spine infection. authors comprehensively searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library to search for studies about minimally invasive surgery as management of tuberculous spondylitis up to June 7th, 2019. The selection of appropriate studies was performed by independent investigators based on PRISMA guideline. Given the limited number of studies, there was no restriction in terms of patient’s demographics, the specific minimal invasive surgical method, and publication status. Authors identified the method for minimally invasive approach and open approach, the functional outcome, intraoperative outcome, radiological outcome, length of stay, follow up period, and complication. Authors found 81 articles from database. After evaluating full text, 8 articles (346 patients) were found to be eligible. More than 110 patients were treated with open spine surgery, while more than 270 patients were treated using minimally invasive spine surgery the minimal invasive methods were posterior pedicle screws fixation, plate fixation, lateral nail bar fixation, and bilateral pedicle screw fixation. The visualization methods include C-arm fluoroscopy, X-ray fluoroscopy. The follow-up period ranges from 1 to 40 months. The functional outcome were found to be satisfying with minimal complications. MIS yielded satisfactory result in comparison to conventional open surgery for spine infection. More long term future studies should be conducted to in order to search for more solid evidence regarding this claim.
Quick and easy septoplasty: our technique
Authors: Jahan Abdussalam Mohamed , Eldanfur Yousef M. , Elheshani Khaled Ahmed , Al Hanash Basheer Ali
Published: October 2019

Background: Septoplasty is among the most common procedure in nasal surgery, and it has some difficulties, especially at the beginning of the surgical training.

Methods: A prospective study including 154 patients underwent septoplasty surgery in Zahrawi Private Hospital using our surgical technique from October 2015 to June 2017, preoperative examination using zero degrees 3 mm sinuscope, anterior active rhinometry (AAR), and computed tomography of paranasal sinuses was done. Operative time and postoperative AAR was calculated.  

Results: A significant reduction in nasal breathing resistance was found in 146 patients (95%), there are two patients with postoperative bleeding, and one patient develops synechiae. No septal perforation or other major deformities. The mean septoplasty operation time was 15.34±3.66 min (range 10-35 min).

Conclusions: Our surgical technique is an effective and rapid procedure for the correction of septal deformities. It is reproducible and easily learned.
Dissection of posterior triangle and lower deep jugular lymph node is mandatory in therapeutic neck dissection as a part of treatment for squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity with clinically N1 neck
Authors: R. Shilpa , Moyihuddin Azeem
Published: October 2019

Background: In India oral cancer is the commonest malignant neoplasm, accounting for 20-30% of all cancers. Southern India presents the highest oral cancer incidence rates among women worldwide.

Methods: This study was conducted in R. L. Jalappa Hospital and Research Centre and SDU Medical College Kolar, Karnataka. Thirty patients having oral squamous cell carcinoma with clinically N1 neck undergoing modified radical neck dissection between December 2010 and June 2012 were enrolled in the study. The objective of study was to determine whether dissection of posterior triangle and lower deep jugular lymph node is mandatory in therapeutic neck dissection as a part of treatment for squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity with clinically N1 neck.  

Results: Out of 24 patients, 16 patients underwent wide excision with hemimandibulectomy. In these 16 cases, 2 patients had reconstruction with double flap while rest 14 cases with island pectoralis major myocutaneous flap. Out of remaining 8 patients, 2 patients underwent marginal mandibulectomy. In all these 8 patients, reconstruction was done using nasolabial flap in 1 patient, buccal pad of fat in 2 patients, masseter flap in 1 patient and forehead flap in 4 patients. In carcinoma anterior 2/3rd tongue, all 6 patients underwent hemiglossectomy with simultaneous modified radical neck dissection.

Conclusions: It was concluded that during neck dissection, it may be oncologically safe to avoid level IV and level V clearance in buccal mucosa squamous cell carcinoma with N1 neck.
Comparative study of cartilage tympanoplasty with temporalis fascia tympanoplasty
Authors: Mehta Raghav , Patidar Pradeep , Punjabi Mohit , Dagur Mukesh , Pandey Sudhanshu
Published: October 2019

Background: The aim of our study is comparison of effectiveness of cartilage (conchal or tragal) tympanoplasty with temporalis fascia tympanoplasty in terms of graft uptake and audiological outcomes. Help of following databases were taken: MEDLINE, emedicine, Google scholar, and the PubMed.

Methods: We studied the outcome of two different type of graft material (cartilage and temporalis fascia). Who underwent type 1 tympanoplasty at department of otorhinolaryngology, RUHS College of Medical Sciences, Jaipur from November 2015 to November 2018. Total 80 patients were divided in two groups, 40 patients underwent cartilage grafting while 40 patient’s tympanoplasty was done using temporalis fascia graft.  

Results: The successful graft uptake rate for the fascia group was 90%, and that for the cartilage group was 97.5%. Though initial audiological improvements were better in fascia graft group, long term results were similar in both groups.

Conclusions: The use of cartilage tympanoplasty has similar outcomes to temporalis fascia grafting for audiological purpose. But successful uptake rate is better for cartilage as it is elastic, more resistant to resorption and retraction from more negative middle ear pressure.
A prospective study of ocular involvement secondary to ear, nose and throat disorders in a tertiary care centre, Telangana
Authors: . Novshaba , Bhushan Ivaturi Phani , Reddy L. Sudarshan , Divya Jaina
Published: October 2019

Background: Eye lies in close anatomical relation to ear, nose and throat due to which it is liable to get involved secondary to ENT disorders. Hence ENT disorders can manifest with varied ocular symptoms due to involvement of orbit and its content. Early diagnosis and treatment helps in reducing the mortality associated with it.

Methods: All age group of patients presenting with ocular symptoms secondary to ENT disorders were reported accounting to 171 cases during 2 years of duration (June 2017-June 2019). Data regarding age, gender, clinical profile, etiology and management were collected and statistical analysis was done.  

Results: The maximum incidence was in young and middle aged group of patients. Males were most commonly affected. The majority of them were Infective or granulomatous (59, 34%) followed by traumatic (45, 26%) and neoplastic (44, 26%). The most common ocular involvement was proptosis (53) and the most common etiology was neoplastic (32 neoplastic cases caused proptosis) of which sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (8) followed by juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) (7) were the most common neoplastic cause for proptosis.

Conclusions: Early recognition and management can pave the path to prevention of mortality and morbidity associated with ocular involvement secondary to ear, nose, throat (ENT) disorders.
Limited neck dissection: is it enough in early oral tongue cancer? Retrospective study
Authors: Shanmugam Subbiah , Kishore Prem
Published: October 2019

Background: The objective of the present study was to analyze the outcome of clinically node-negative early oral tongue cancer after selective neck dissection (SND) versus conventional neck dissection (CND).

Methods: A total of 116 patients of early oral tongue cancer underwent neck dissection either SND or CND between 1st January 2013 to 31st December 2016 at Government Royapettah Hospital, Chennai, a tertiary level cancer center. For patients with pN0 after SND had no further procedure while for those with cN1 disease, CND was done as a standard procedure. Comparison between the cN0 nodes to pN1 conversion rates in SND group with cN1 to pN0 rates in CND group was done along with the morbidity rates. The clinicopathological parameters along with intraoperative and postoperative parameter relevant to recurrence were analyzed by univariant and multivariant analysis and both the groups were compared by Chi-square test (SPSS version 26.0).  

Results: In the SND group, pN1 were 2/53 (3.77%) and in the CND group pN1 was 11/63 (17.46%). Mean Nodal retrieval in SND group was 18.96 nodes and in CND group 22.90 nodes per case. Regional nodal recurrences in the SND group were 8/53 (15.81%) and in the CND group was 9/63 (14.28%). Our study shows no significant statistical difference between nodal recurrences in CND and SND group.

Conclusions: Our study data suggests that for cN1 patients, SND may be optimal and early tongue cancer patients with cN0 could be candidates for an SND instead of CND.
Histopathological study of upper versus lower poles of tonsil in chronic tonsillitis among pediatric age group
Authors: M. S. Sudhakar Rao , P. Apoorva , K. M. Bindu Rani , G. Shadakshari
Published: October 2019

Background: To compare the histopathological findings between upper and lower poles of tonsil in pediatric age group keeping in view the local and distant effects of chronic tonsillitis.

Methods: Three relevant parameters, grade of inflammation (GOI), activity of inflammation and hyperplasia were histopathologically examined in the tonsils of n=60 pediatric patients with chronic tonsillitis who underwent tonsillectomy in Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, VIMS, Ballari, Karnataka, India. These parameters were analyzed and were subjected for statistical analysis.  

Results: In our study, among 60 patients, n=32 (54.2%) were female and n=28 (45.8%) were male. Those aging 5-10 years were n=34 (57.6%) and 11-15 years were n=26 (42.4%). The tonsillar enlargement of grade 3 were present in n=46 patients (77.7%), n= 12 patients (20%) had grade 2 and n=2 patients (1.3%) had grade 4.

Conclusions: The GOI and hyperplasia parameters in our study have highly significant association statistically (p<0.01) in histopathology of upper poles when compared with lower poles both sides. Further, the activity of inflammation when analyzed was more in upper pole when compared with lower poles both sides, However this parameter in left side upper and lower poles of tonsil was not statistically significant . Among the 60 cases studied, in all the cases, the GOI was of high grade and activity of inflammation and hyperplasia was low grade. Chronic tonsillitis and histopathology of chronically infected tonsils becomes an important step in the management of the disease.
A comparative study and correlation between preoperative computed tomogram and endoscopic sinus surgery in chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: John Mithra Sara , Pillai N. Gopinathan
Published: October 2019

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with its classical symptoms of nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, and headache is relatively a common disease in otorhinolaryngology practice. The objectives of the present study was to correlate the operative findings in such patients with the CT findings, using the Perioperative sinus endoscopy (POSE) scoring system and to correlate the maximum scores obtained in the POSE scoring system and Lund-Mackay scoring system.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted from January 2014 to March 2015 in 50 patients suffering from chronic rhinosinusitis who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery in the age group of 36-60 years of age.  

Results: Agger nasi cells were the most common wandering ethmoid cell detected (90%) followed by various types of frontal cells (54%), Haller cells (26%) and least commonly Onodi cells (12%). Almost perfect agreement was obtained for rest of the criteria which included middle turbinate status, ethmoid cavity mucosal edema and ethmoid cavity polypoid change. Lund-Mackay scoring system was used to score findings in the CT scan and POSE scoring system used to score peroperative findings in the study and this study reveals excellent correlation (Pearson correlation value of 0.879).

Conclusions: Novel POSE scoring is a new entity which has the potential to be a valid system to score preoperative and perioperative findings. In the current study POSE scoring shows excellent correlation with Lund Mackay scoring which is an established scoring system used in the evaluation CT scan.
Palisade cartilage fascia tympanoplasty: our experience
Authors: Lambor Dheeraj , Bhuskute Govind , Barreto Ombretta
Published: October 2019

Background: Cartilage tympanoplasty is one of the procedures performed for treatment of tympanic membrane perforation, more so in those cases associated with eustachian tube dysfunction, or failed previous temporalis fascia type 1 tympanoplasty. Palisade cartilage tympanoplasty, initially described by Heerman utilizes strips of conchal cartilage to reconstruct the tympanic membrane.

Methods: A retrospective study which was presented with 64 patients who underwent palisade cartilage- fascia type I tympanoplasty and compared their hearing outcome after three years of post-operative period. Indication to perform a cartilage-fascia tympanoplasty was either an atelectatic middle ear or large perforation of the drum or residual or recurrent perforation following previous temporalis fascia myringoplasty.  

Results: Average pre-operative hearing loss was 37.38±15.04 dB, while post-operative hearing loss was 20.47±8.85 dB, giving an average gain of 17.03 dB. Of 64 patients, 93.7% patients had fully healed neotympanum.

Conclusions: Palisade cartilage fascia tympanoplasty is an effective method to ensure graft uptake and at the same time achieve competitive hearing gain. The reliability of this technique lies in its use for recurrent and residual perforations of the tympanic membrane as well as in cases associated with eustachian tube dysfunction.
Thyroglossal duct papillary carcinoma presenting as submental neck node
Authors: Manohar Babu , Abdurahiman Raees
Published: October 2019

Neck node in sub mental area is not uncommon. It occurs mostly due to infective or malignant pathologies in oral cavity. Submental neck node mass due to thyroglossal duct cyst carcinoma is a rare presentation. A 25 year old female presented with a sub mental neck node which was noticed for 6 weeks with no history of fever or any oral lesions. On examination, there was a 1 × 1 cm non tender, firm, mobile sub mental neck node. Fine Needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of the submental node showed features of metastatic papillary carcinoma from thyroid. Whole body Technitium 99 Pertechnate scan was done to find the primary site and metastases in other neck nodes but failed to find any. After necessary investigations, Total thyroidectomy with sistrunk’s procedure, central compartment clearance and level I clearance, was done.  Histopathology report showed papillary carcinoma arising from Thyroglossal duct with metastases in submental lymph node. Different pathologies of a mass occurring in submental area are reactive lymphoid hyperplasia, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, dermoid cyst, abscess, sarcoidosis, hemangioma, and lipoma. Neck mass in submental area occurring due to metastases from thyroglossal duct cyst carcinoma without the swelling in primary is a rare presentation.
Recognition of the Theory of the Prophet of Islam as an »Ummī« Person and Its Historical Analysis, with a Critical Approach to Orientalists’ Views
Authors: Kavand Alireza
Published: October 2019

One of the important points in the field of prophecy of the Prophet (PBUH) is his "being Ummī. The word “Ummī” used in the Qur’an as an attribute of the Prophet (PBUH) is one of the miraculous signs of the heavenly Book descended upon him and the rightfulness of his mission. "Ummī" usually means "illiterate", which is accepted by almost all Muslim scholars. But Western scholars studying Islam, or the same Orientalists, have offered different views on the meaning of "Ummī" and the ability of the Prophet (PBUH) to read and write. In this research written with a descriptive-analytical approach, we have found the following results: 1- Literally and due to the interpretative and narrative sources, "Ummī" means "illiterate". 2- According to the historical and hadith sources, it can be said that the Prophet was not capable of reading and writing before Biʿtha, but after Biʿtha he was able to read, but he did not write anything. 3. Orientalists have also offered different views on this subject, which, given the available evidences, the view of individuals (such as Montet, Amari, Kazimirski, and Henri de Castri) who believe that "Ummī" means "illiterate" seems correct. Also, the view of those Orientalists (such as Durant, Carlyle, Armstrong, Henri de Castri, and Davenport) who believe that the Prophet (PBUH) was incapable of reading and writing before Biʿtha is correct.
Diseño de políticas culturales
Authors: Andino Marcela
Published: October 2019

Antes de analizar los procesos de gestión del proyecto, en primer lugar nos preguntamos acerca de ¿Cuál es el concepto de cultura desde el cual trabajamos?, ¿cuáles son las dimensiones del ámbito cultural? Estas ideas son parte de las reflexiones para definir el conjunto de valores y voluntades para el desarrollo y la concreción en la acción. Abordamos la gestión, el diseño de proyectos culturales sustentables con una visión a largo plazo,definido como una herramienta colectiva, compartida y transformadora que da cuenta denuestra identidad.
Entre al álbum y el MP3: variaciones en las tecnologías y las escuchas sociales
Authors: Chalkho Rosa
Published: October 2019

El artículo ensaya relaciones entre el surgimiento y desarrollo de las tecnologías de grabación y reproducción del sonido y los modos en que estas innovaciones se entrecruzan con la producción de música y arte sonoro, destacando la cuestión cultural las condiciones de producción como determinantes de las prácticas. A partir de esta temática el texto se propone discutir algunas tradiciones naturalizadas que habitan los discursos sociales respecto a la asociación de lo tecnológico con el progreso y a la consideración lineal de los inventos técnicos.
La sutura de lo ausente. El espectador como actor en el videoarte
Authors: Torrente Prieto Santiago
Published: October 2019

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo examinar la figura del actor en el videoarte, sus nuevas formas de representación y resignificación de roles en un medio que desdesu génesis ha sido reaccionario, y rechazando los cánones tradicionales audiovisuales, ha logrado aniquilar de manera parcial o total al actor, puesto que su funcionalidad canónica hasobrepasado los límites en los que la industria audiovisual tradicional lo albergaba, desplazándolo de su labor narrativa y dramática, para convertirse en un recurso plástico y estético.Por otra parte el presente trabajo indaga la transposición del rol del actor en el espectador del videoarte, debido a procesos posmodernos, donde todos los grandes discursosheredados de la modernidad y la Ilustración se ven eliminados y desacreditados. El actorcomo figura adquiere un rol simbólico, y comienza a ser interpelado no por procesos deidentificación, sino más bien por la interpretación de su significante, y que además debidoa las construcciones narrativas, procesos de montaje y producción propias del videoarte,genera en el espectador la necesidad de suturar la falta de información, convirtiéndoseéste en el actor que construye y transita la obra.
Los comienzos del videoarte
Authors: Foresta Don
Published: October 2019

Don Foresta dirigió el Centro Cultural Americano en París durante los años 70y 80. Hizo de esta institución una pasarela entre la vanguardia artística estadounidense yFrancia. Gracias a él muchos videoartistas han tenido la posibilidad de darse a conoceren París y el Centro Cultural Americano se convirtió en un punto de encuentro para losjóvenes artistas franceses ávidos de aprender de sus mayores estadounidenses.Siempre al acecho de las nuevas oportunidades que ofrecen la ciencia y la tecnología ala actividad artística, Don Foresta ha profundizado sus investigaciones en dirección a lasredes telefónicas e informáticas, asociando siempre reflexión teórica y experimentaciónen colaboración con los artistas.Este es el camino que recorre en la entrevista realizada por Gustavo Kortsarz.
Borrado
Authors: Ignoto Georges
Published: October 2019

El texto de Georges Ignoto es la historia de una vida que va de la experienciade la Universidad de Vincennes, centro de la disidencia política y la vanguardia intelectualdel París post-68, hasta el día de hoy, en la continuidad de una carrera artística dedicadaenteramente al videoarte.Esta crónica de un “borrón” cuenta la historia de lo que fue el videoarte en Francia en losaños 80/90 y su posterior marginación en favor de un video más adaptado a las exigenciasdel mercado del arte contemporáneo. El gusto por la libertad, la búsqueda constante deuna nueva escritura, legado de las vanguardias de los años 20 reinterpretadas al resplandorde la imagen electrónica, componen la materia.El video fue una aventura colectiva. Una gran aventura, generosa e insolente. ¿Por quéhabría de durar?
El sol en mi cabeza
Authors: Kortsarz Gustavo
Published: October 2019

“Un hombre se propone la tarea de dibujar el mundo. (...) Poco antes de morir, descubre que ese paciente laberinto de líneas traza la imagen de su cara” (Jorge Luis Borges). Entre los distintos géneros explorados por las artes visuales el autorretrato ocupa un lugar de privilegio entre los videoartistas; el por qué de esta atracción y la manera en que los videoartistas abordan dicha temática son los ejes principales de este estudio.
Espacios que educan: tres momentos en la historia de la educación en Argentina
Authors: Sasiain Sonia
Published: October 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar tres momentos en la historia de la educación pública en Argentina en los que hubo un cambio en las formas de entender al alumnoy a su contexto educativo como una experiencia transformadora.La identidad nacional está conformada por las instituciones, y la educación, desde la escuela hasta la universidad, tiene un lugar central en esta construcción.1. Desde que Argentina declaró su independencia, y sobre todo cuando Buenos Aires seconvirtió en la capital de la nueva república en 1880, un vertiginoso proceso de modernización se inició. Este proyecto involucró a los inmigrantes que llegaron de diferentespaíses a la capital y la transformaron en una Babel que el gobierno tuvo que “argentinizar”.Así, la educación pública obligatoria, gratuita y laica fue reglamentada en 1884 con laaprobación de la Ley 1420. Las escuelas públicas proveyeron el nuevo espacio donde losestudiantes pudieron obtener los valores nacionales.2. Durante el primer peronismo (1943-1955) la educación técnica tuvo un papel centraldentro del proyecto modernizador que en el discurso gubernamental se presentaba comorevolucionario: el de la Nueva Argentina, donde los trabajadores ocuparon un lugar privilegiado. En este período se crearon diversas tipologías: desde la escuela-fábrica hasta laUniversidad de los Trabajadores en la que, a través de un nuevo sistema de administración, el espacio escolar ofrecía servicios a la comunidad que superaban la función educativa tradicional.3. En la actualidad, el sitio donde había una antigua bodega, en una de las zonas más cotizadas de Buenos Aires, ha sido reciclado para desarrollar un proyecto educativo: el Polocientífico y tecnológico, dividido en diferentes secciones: la sede del Ministerio de Ciencia,Tecnología e Innovación Productiva, CONICET y la Agencia Nacional de Promoción deCiencia y Tecnología e institutos de investigación interdisciplinaria, con una conexióninternacional a gran escala. El nuevo complejo está diseñado como un centro de gestión,producción y difusión del conocimiento