bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Grazing-incidence optical magnetic recording with super-resolution
Authors: Scheunert Gunther , Cohen Sidney R , Kullock René , McCarron Ryan , Rechev Katya , Kaplan-Ashiri Ifat , Bitton Ora , Dawson Paul , Hecht Bert , Oron Dan
Published: January 2017

Heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) is often considered the next major step in the storage industry: it is predicted to increase the storage capacity, the read/write speed and the data lifetime of future hard disk drives. However, despite more than a decade of development work, the reliability is still a prime concern. Featuring an inherently fragile surface-plasmon resonator as a highly localized heat source, as part of a near-field transducer (NFT), the current industry concepts still fail to deliver drives with sufficient lifetime. This study presents a method to aid conventional NFT-designs by additional grazing-incidence laser illumination, which may open an alternative route to high-durability HAMR. Magnetic switching is demonstrated on consumer-grade CoCrPt perpendicular magnetic recording media using a green and a near-infrared diode laser. Sub-500 nm magnetic features are written in the absence of a NFT in a moderate bias field of only μ0H = 0.3 T with individual laser pulses of 40 mW power and 50 ns duration with a laser spot size of 3 μm (short axis) at the sample surface – six times larger than the magnetic features. Herein, the presence of a nanoscopic object, i.e., the tip of an atomic force microscope in the focus of the laser at the sample surface, has no impact on the recorded magnetic features – thus suggesting full compatibility with NFT-HAMR.
A SURVEY FOR NEW MEMBERS OF THE TAURUS STAR-FORMING REGION WITH THE SLOAN DIGITAL SKY SURVEY*
Authors: Luhman K. L. , Mamajek E. E. , Shukla S. J. , Loutrel N. P.
Published: January 2017

Previous studies have found that ∼1 deg2 fields surrounding the stellar aggregates in the Taurus star-forming region exhibit a surplus of solar-mass stars relative to denser clusters like IC 348 and the Orion Nebula Cluster. To test whether this difference reflects mass segregation in Taurus or a variation in the initial mass function, we have performed a survey for members of Taurus across a large field (∼40 deg2) that was imaged by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). We obtained optical and near-infrared spectra of candidate members identified with those images and the Two Micron All Sky Survey, as well as miscellaneous candidates that were selected with several other diagnostics of membership. We have classified 22 of the candidates as new members of Taurus, which includes one of the coolest known members (M9.75). Our updated census of members within the SDSS field shows a surplus of solar-mass stars relative to clusters, although it is less pronounced than in the smaller fields toward the stellar aggregates that were surveyed for previously measured mass functions in Taurus. In addition to spectra of our new members, we include in our study near-IR spectra of roughly half of the known members of Taurus, which are used to refine their spectral types and extinctions. We also present an updated set of near-IR standard spectra for classifying young stars and brown dwarfs at M and L types.
ERRATUM: “MID-INFRARED SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC OBSERVATIONS OF FRAGMENTS B AND C OF COMET 73P/SCHWASSMANN-WACHMANN 3” (2011, AJ, 141, 26)
Authors: Harker David E. , Woodward Charles E. , Kelley Michael S. P. , Sitko Michael L. , Wooden Diane H. , Lynch David K. , Russell Ray W.
Published: January 2017

We present mid-infrared spectra and images from the GEMINI-N (+Michelle) observations of fragments SW3-[B] and SW3-[C] of the ecliptic (Jupiter Family) comet 73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 3 pre-perihelion. We observed fragment B soon after an outburst event (between 2006 April 16–26 UT) and detected crystalline silicates. The mineralogy of both fragments was dominated by amorphous carbon and amorphous pyroxene. The grain size distribution (assuming a Hanner modified power-law) for fragment SW3-[B] has a peak grain radius of

μm, and for fragment SW3-[C],

μm; both values are larger than the peak grain radius of the size distribution for the dust ejected from ecliptic comet 9P/Tempel 1 during the Deep Impact event (

μm). The silicate-to-carbon ratio and the silicate crystalline mass fraction for the submicron to micron-size portion of the grain size distribution on the nucleus of fragment SW3-[B] were

and

, respectively, while on the nucleus of fragment SW3-[C], they were

and

, respectively. The similarity in mineralogy and grain properties between the two fragments implies that 73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 3 is homogeneous in composition. The slight differences in grain size distribution and silicate-to-carbon ratio between the two fragments likely arise because SW3-[B] was actively fragmenting throughout its passage, while the activity in SW3-[C] was primarily driven by jets. The lack of diverse mineralogy in the fragments SW3-[B] and SW3-[C] of 73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 3 along with the relatively larger peak in the coma grain size distribution suggests the parent body of this comet may have formed in a region of the solar nebula with different environmental properties than the natal sites where comet C/1995 O1 (Hale-Bopp) and 9P/Tempel 1 nuclei aggregated.
EXPLICIT SYMPLECTIC-LIKE INTEGRATORS WITH MIDPOINT PERMUTATIONS FOR SPINNING COMPACT BINARIES
Authors: Luo Junjie , Wu Xin , Huang Guoqing , Liu Fuyao
Published: January 2017

We refine the recently developed fourth-order extended phase space explicit symplectic-like methods for inseparable Hamiltonians using Yoshida’s triple product combined with a midpoint permuted map. The midpoint between the original variables and their corresponding extended variables at every integration step is readjusted as the initial values of the original variables and their corresponding extended ones at the next step integration. The triple-product construction is apparently superior to the composition of two triple products in computational efficiency. Above all, the new midpoint permutations are more effective in restraining the equality of the original variables and their corresponding extended ones at each integration step than the existing sequent permutations of momenta and coordinates. As a result, our new construction shares the benefit of implicit symplectic integrators in the conservation of the second post-Newtonian Hamiltonian of spinning compact binaries. Especially for the chaotic case, it can work well, but the existing sequent permuted algorithm cannot. When dissipative effects from the gravitational radiation reaction are included, the new symplectic-like method has a secular drift in the energy error of the dissipative system for the orbits that are regular in the absence of radiation, as an implicit symplectic integrator does. In spite of this, it is superior to the same-order implicit symplectic integrator in accuracy and efficiency. The new method is particularly useful in discussing the long-term evolution of inseparable Hamiltonian problems.
APPARENT NON-COEVALITY AMONG THE STARS IN UPPER SCORPIO: RESOLVING THE PROBLEM USING A MODEL OF MAGNETIC INHIBITION OF CONVECTION
Authors: MacDonald James , Mullan D. J.
Published: January 2017

Two eclipsing binaries in the USco association have recently yielded precise values of masses and radii for four low-mass members of the association. Standard evolution models would require these dM4.5–dM5 stars to have ages which are younger than those of more massive stars in the association by factors which appear (in extreme cases) to be as large as ∼3. Are the stars in the association therefore non-coeval? We suggest that the answer is no: by incorporating the effects of magnetic inhibition of convective onset, we show that the stars in USco can be restored to coevality provided the four low-mass member stars have vertical surface fields in the range 200–700 G. Fields of such magnitude have already been measured on the surface of certain solar-type stars in other young clusters.
STAR CLUSTER FORMATION IN COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS. I. PROPERTIES OF YOUNG CLUSTERS
Authors: Li Hui , Gnedin Oleg Y. , Gnedin Nickolay Y. , Meng Xi , Semenov Vadim A. , Kravtsov Andrey V.
Published: January 2017

We present a new implementation of star formation in cosmological simulations by considering star clusters as a unit of star formation. Cluster particles grow in mass over several million years at the rate determined by local gas properties, with high time resolution. The particle growth is terminated by its own energy and momentum feedback on the interstellar medium. We test this implementation for Milky Way-sized galaxies at high redshift by comparing the properties of model clusters with observations of young star clusters. We find that the cluster initial mass function is best described by a Schechter function rather than a single power law. In agreement with observations, at low masses the logarithmic slope is

, while the cutoff at high mass scales with the star formation rate (SFR). A related trend is a positive correlation between the surface density of the SFR and fraction of stars contained in massive clusters. Both trends indicate that the formation of massive star clusters is preferred during bursts of star formation. These bursts are often associated with major-merger events. We also find that the median timescale for cluster formation ranges from 0.5 to 4 Myr and decreases systematically with increasing star formation efficiency. Local variations in the gas density and cluster accretion rate naturally lead to the scatter of the overall formation efficiency by an order of magnitude, even when the instantaneous efficiency is kept constant. Comparison of the formation timescale with the observed age spread of young star clusters provides an additional important constraint on the modeling of star formation and feedback schemes.
DEEP CHANDRA OBSERVATIONS OF NGC 1404: CLUSTER PLASMA PHYSICS REVEALED BY AN INFALLING EARLY-TYPE GALAXY
Authors: Su Yuanyuan , Kraft Ralph P. , Roediger Elke , Nulsen Paul , Forman William R. , Churazov Eugene , Randall Scott W. , Jones Christine , Machacek Marie E.
Published: January 2017

The intracluster medium (ICM), as a magnetized and highly ionized fluid, provides an ideal laboratory to study plasma physics under extreme conditions that cannot be achieved on Earth. NGC 1404 is a bright elliptical galaxy that is being gas stripped as it falls through the ICM of the Fornax Cluster. We use the new Chandra X-ray observations of NGC 1404 to study ICM microphysics. The interstellar medium of NGC 1404 is characterized by a sharp leading edge, 8 kpc from the Galaxy center, and a short downstream gaseous tail. Contact discontinuities are resolved on unprecedented spatial scales (0.″5 = 45 pc) due to the combination of the proximity of NGC 1404, the superb spatial resolution of Chandra, and the very deep (670 ks) exposure. At the leading edge, we observe sub-kiloparsec-scale eddies generated by Kelvin–Helmholtz instability (KHI) and put an upper limit of 5% Spitzer on the isotropic viscosity of the hot cluster plasma. We also observe mixing between the hot cluster gas and the cooler galaxy gas in the downstream stripped tail, which provides further evidence of a low viscosity plasma. The assumed ordered magnetic fields in the ICM ought to be smaller than 5 μG to allow KHI to develop. The lack of an evident magnetic draping layer just outside the contact edge is consistent with such an upper limit.
SPECTRAL CHANGES IN THE HYPERLUMINOUS PULSAR IN NGC 5907 AS A FUNCTION OF SUPER-ORBITAL PHASE
Authors: Fürst F. , Walton D. J. , Stern D. , Bachetti M. , Barret D. , Brightman M. , Harrison F. A. , Rana V.
Published: January 2017

We present broadband, multi-epoch X-ray spectroscopy of the pulsating ultra-luminous X-ray source (ULX) in NGC 5907. Simultaneous XMM-Newton and NuSTAR data from 2014 are best described by a multicolor blackbody model with a temperature gradient as a function of accretion disk radius significantly flatter than expected for a standard thin accretion disk (

, with

). Additionally, we detect a hard power-law tail at energies above 10 keV, which we interpret as being due to Comptonization. We compare this observation to archival XMM-Newton, Chandra, and NuSTAR data from 2003, 2012, and 2013, and investigate possible spectral changes as a function of phase over the 78-day super-orbital period of this source. We find that observations taken around phases 0.3–0.4 show very similar temperature profiles, even though the observed flux varies significantly, while one observation taken around phase 0 has a significantly steeper profile. We discuss these findings in light of the recent discovery that the compact object is a neutron star and show that precession of the accretion disk or the neutron star can self-consistently explain most observed phenomena.
THE Hα EMISSION OF NEARBY M DWARFS AND ITS RELATION TO STELLAR ROTATION
Authors: Newton Elisabeth R. , Irwin Jonathan , Charbonneau David , Berlind Perry , Calkins Michael L. , Mink Jessica
Published: January 2017

The high-energy emission from low-mass stars is mediated by the magnetic dynamo. Although the mechanisms by which fully convective stars generate large-scale magnetic fields are not well understood, it is clear that, as for solar-type stars, stellar rotation plays a pivotal role. We present 270 new optical spectra of low-mass stars in the Solar Neighborhood. Combining our observations with those from the literature, our sample comprises 2202 measurements or non-detections of Hα emission in nearby M dwarfs. This includes 466 with photometric rotation periods. Stars with masses between 0.1 and 0.6 M
⊙ are well-represented in our sample, with fast and slow rotators of all masses. We observe a threshold in the mass–period plane that separates active and inactive M dwarfs. The threshold coincides with the fast-period edge of the slowly rotating population, at approximately the rotation period at which an era of rapid rotational evolution appears to cease. The well-defined active/inactive boundary indicates that Hα activity is a useful diagnostic for stellar rotation period, e.g., for target selection for exoplanet surveys, and we present a mass-period relation for inactive M dwarfs. We also find a significant, moderate correlation between L
Hα
/L
bol and variability amplitude: more active stars display higher levels of photometric variability. Consistent with previous work, our data show that rapid rotators maintain a saturated value of L
Hα
/L
bol. Our data also show a clear power-law decay in L
Hα
/L
bol with Rossby number for slow rotators, with an index of −1.7 ± 0.1.
Cohérence, intégration informationnelle et changement : esquisse d’un programme de recherche à partir des Progiciels Intégrés de Gestion
Authors: Rowe Frantz
Published: January 2017

En identifiant des perspectives de recherche sur les progiciels intégrés de gestion, 4 visions des projets PGI sont présentées. Elles reflètent les discours et les représentations de leurs promoteurs et des acteurs du changement dans l’entreprise : une vision déterministe axée sur la nécessité de solutions industrielles basées sur une offre externe à l’entreprise ; une vision ingénierique centrée sur l’homogénéisation et la cohérence du système d’information ; une vision émergente fortement conflictuelle liée à l’absence de latitude perçue par la Direction Générale et la difficulté de prévoir les impacts sur le travail ; une vision émergente dans un processus téléologique où les acteurs cherchent à s’appuyer sur certains effets qu’ils maîtrisent mieux que d’autres.
25 ans de recherche en Systèmes d’Information
Authors: Desq Sylvie , Fallery Bernard , Reix Robert , Rodhain Florence
Published: January 2017

1 018 articles en Systèmes d’Information publiés depuis 1977 jusqu’à nos jours ont été lus et analysés dans leur intégralité afin de décrire la recherche en Systèmes d’Information. Après avoir justifié l’approche déductive multidimensionnelle utilisée, l’article décrit les éléments caractéristiques du champ de recherche ainsi que son évolution entre 1977 et 2001. Le champ apparaît, en permanence, centré autour d’une problématique dominante : l’évaluation. Une analyse comparative des recherches anglophones et francophones met en évidence des différences notables dans les sujets abordés et dans les démarches adoptées.
Banques centrales. L’impuissance de leur puissance ?
Authors: Flouzat Denise
Published: January 2017

Le modèle contemporain des banques centrales, se caractérise par leur statut d’indépendance et l’objectif de leur politique : la stabilité monétaire. Sont analysées les politiques suivies de 1980 à 2007, qualifiées de « grande modération » en raison d’un taux d’inflation ramené autour de 2%. Cette situation a connu une rupture en 2007 avec la crise américaine des subprimes. Pour y faire face, les banques ont abaissé leurs taux directeurs, et mené des politiques non conventionnelles : refinancement des banques à long terme en zone euro et quantitative easing dans les pays anglo-saxons et au Japon. Ces politiques ont conduit à des taux de rendement nominaux des obligations très faibles et même à des taux négatifs. Alors que les banques centrales sont apparues pendant la crise comme les seuls détenteurs de la puissance économique, la critique de leurs résultats (reprise faible et absence d’inflation modérée (2%)), fait l’objet d’une certaine déception. Elles paraissent impuissantes pour agir sur la macroéconomie, d’où la proposition dans l’article de quelques pistes pour rechercher une nouvelle politique monétaire impliquant une coordination des actions des banques centrales sous l’égide du FMI.
La transmission d’entreprise : Un objet d’étude complexe, entre sciences de gestion, anthropologie et psychologie
Authors: Aubry Catherine , Wolff Dominique
Published: January 2017

Cet article propose une revue de littérature relative à la Reprise d’entreprise par les Personnes Physiques (noté RPP) au sein des PME françaises. Dressant un état des lieux des RPP au sein du champ épistémologique des sciences de gestion, l’article met aux prises une approche séquentielle et une approche systémique des RPP. Après avoir décrit les divergences de description, dans la littérature, du déroulement du processus, l’article met au jour une convergence autour du caractère décisif de la relation cédant-repreneur pour la pérennité des RPP. Afin de rendre compte de cette dernière, l’article défend l’intérêt, pour les sciences de gestion, d’effectuer divers emprunts épistémologiques à d’autres champs disciplinaires des sciences humaines et inscrit la transmission d’entreprise dans des dimensions anthropologiques et psychosociales.
Éthique et performance : Une relation incontournable pour un meilleur recrutement
Authors: Roche Didier
Published: January 2017

Les managers d’équipe de vente sont soucieux de savoir s’ils doivent recruter ou non des vendeurs éthiques afin d’améliorer leurs résultats commerciaux. Cet article propose de s’intéresser à l’éthique de 229 négociateurs immobiliers d’une franchise immobilière internationale. Il précise ce qui peut être compris par la notion d’éthique et plus particulièrement d’éthique de l’acte de vente et de performance. Pour cela, l’éthique a été mesurée grâce à une méthodologie particulière : la méthode des scénarios. La performance, quant à elle, a pu être mesurée grâce à des indicateurs provenant de la littérature étudiée. Ensuite, ces deux notions ont été mises en relation pour conclure que, dans le cadre précis du terrain de recherche observé, les négociateurs immobiliers les moins éthiques étaient les plus performants.
Le développement du contrôle de gestion environnemental en France : Institutionnalisation, adoption et pratiques
Authors: Gibassier Delphine
Published: January 2017

Cet article explore la notion d’innovations en contrôle de gestion environnemental et vise à explorer la façon dont elles sont créées, si elles sont appliquées ou non dans les entreprises, les conséquences de l’adoption, et enfin la manière dont elles sont pratiquées. Les méthodes de recherche combinent l’observation participante, les entretiens semi-directifs et des données secondaires. Cet article étudie la manière dont les innovations sont créées et leur processus d’institutionnalisation. L’accent est mis dans un premier temps sur les acteurs et leurs stratégies (l’étude du processus d’institutionnalisation). Grâce à une étude de cas approfondie d’une organisation, la deuxième partie révèle le processus de non-adoption d’une méthodologie de comptabilité carbone. En troisième partie, cet article analyse les pratiques entourant une innovation en contrôle de gestion dans une multinationale française. Cette recherche sur les innovations en contrôle de gestion environnemental contribue à mieux comprendre comment le développement durable peut aussi être atteint à travers la comptabilité dans les organisations. Note : cet article est publié suite au prix de thèse ANDESE 2015. Les articles issus de la thèse primée par un accessit sont soit publiés, soit en cours de publication dans des revues anglo-saxonnes. Cet article est un résumé de la thèse en français.
Analyse de la persistance des déséquilibres globaux : Y-a-t-il une spécificité de la zone euro?
Authors: Gnimassoun Anoh Kodjê Blaise
Published: January 2017

L’ampleur des déséquilibres globaux et leur persistance dans plusieurs pays industrialisés sont devenues une menace réelle pour la stabilité de l’économie mondiale. Cette problématique complexe a tenu en haleine les chercheurs et la communauté internationale depuis le milieu de la décennie 2000. Cet article analyse les causes de ces déséquilibres mondiaux et de leur persistance en distinguant entre pays membres de la zone euro et pays non-membres. Les pays de l’eurozone appartenant à une union monétaire, les mécanismes de correction des déséquilibres par les taux de change nominaux sont, par définition, impossible à mettre en œuvre. Nous montrons que la persistance des déséquilibres de globaux est fortement liée aux mésalignements de change et aux écarts de production dans les pays industrialisés, mais que ces relations sont asymétriques et influencées par l’appartenance à une union monétaire (zone euro).
REFERENCE COMMUNITY: ADAPTING NATIVE PLANTS TO NORTH AMERICAN GREEN ROOFS
Authors: Mandel Lauren , McCoy Emily , Liss Toby
Published: January 2017

INTRODUCTION

The North American design community typically regards green roofs as inhospitable environments for native plants due to the infrastructure's characteristic thin soils, low organic matter, temperature fluctuations, and wind exposure. Consequently, green roofs are often planted with an industry-standard palette of non-native Sedum and Phedimus species that are adept at withstanding stress, but lack biodiversity and visual interest, and offer little food or shelter to native birds and insects. Regionally specific reference plant communities that thrive in similarly harsh growing conditions can positively influence green roof design throughout North America, and consequently provide ecosystem services, contribute to habitat conservation, and increase human exposure to the beauty and benefits of native plants.
VARIABILITY OF BUILDING SIMULATION RESULTS DEPENDING ON SELECTED WEATHER FILES AND CONDITIONING SET POINTS – A CASE STUDY FOR A RESIDENTIAL BUILDING IN VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA
Authors: Roetzel Astrid
Published: January 2017

Building simulation is a powerful way to evaluate the performance of a building. The quality of simulation results however strongly depends on the accuracy of simulation input data. Especially for weather data files and occupant behaviour it is difficult to obtain accurate data.

This paper evaluates the variability of building simulation results with regards to different weather data sets as well as different heating and cooling set points for a residential building in Victoria, Australia. Thermal comfort according to ASHRAE Standard 55, final energy consumption and peak cooling and heating loads are assessed. Simulations have been performed with Energy-Plus, and weather data for a multi-year approach have been generated with the software Meteonorm. The results show that different weather files for the same location as well as different conditioning set points can influence the results by approximately a factor of 2.
Taller de Muñecos y Memoria : materialidad y afectividad en un ejercicio contemporáneo de construcción de las memorias de la dictadura de Chile
Authors: Zaliasnik Yael
Published: January 2017

A través del análisis del desarrollo de un taller de Muñecos y Memoria realizado durante el 2015 en dos espacios relacionados con la dictadura en Chile, se profundiza en la afectividad y efectividad de sus resultados. Para ello, se hace foco en distintos elementos de teatralidad de esta experiencia, como son los escenarios, guiones, símbolos, actores y utilería. Se ve cómo, a través de variadas estrategias, se busca y consigue propulsar y escenificar la empatía compartida, es decir, una memoria heteropática que, además, sea emblemática. Así, este ejercicio de micro-memoria repercute y refleja diferentes aspectos vinculados con la construcción de las memorias de dicho período de la historia nacional y de América Latina.
Prevalence of TEM, SHV, and CTX-M Beta-Lactamase genes in the urinary isolates of a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Bajpai Trupti , Pandey M , Varma M , Bhatambare G S
Published: January 2017

Introduction: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are the major cause of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics such as penicillins, cephalosporins, and monobactams. They are derived from the narrow-spectrum beta-lactamases (TEM-1, TEM-2, or SHV-1) by mutations that alter the amino acid configuration around the enzyme active site. Aim: To determine the prevalence of ESBL (bla TEM , bla CTX-M , and bla SHV ) genes among the members of Enterobacteriaceae. Methodology: The present prospective study was carried out from January 2015 to June 2015 in the Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine of a Teaching Tertiary Care Hospital. A total of 526 urine samples were studied. Seventy-eight isolates were subjected to polymerase chain reaction for detection of ESBL genes. Results: In our study, ESBL genes were detected among 18 (45%) phenotypically confirmed ESBL producers and 20 (52.5%) phenotypically confirmed non-ESBL producers. The gene that predominated was bla TEM (48.7%), followed by bla CTX-M (7.6%) and bla SHV (5.1%). Conclusion: Definitive identification of ESBL genes is only possible by molecular detection methods. Phenotypic tests need to be evaluated periodically as their performance may change with the introduction of new enzymes.
Janus kinase 2 mutations in cases with BCR-ABL-negative chronic myeloproliferative disorders from Turkey
Authors: Yildiz Ismail , Yokuş Osman , Gedik Habip
Published: January 2017

Objective: We aimed to investigate the frequency of Janus kinase 2 ( JAK2) mutations in cases with chronic myeloproliferative disorders (CMDs), and the relationship between the presence of JAK2 mutation and leukocytosis and splenomegaly, retrospectively. Materials and Methods: Patients, who were diagnosed with BCR-ABL-negative CMDs according to diagnosis criteria of the World Health Organization and followed up at the hematology clinic between 2013 and 2015, were investigated in terms of the frequency of JAK2 mutation in cases with CMDs, and the relationship between the presence of JAK2 mutation and leukocytosis and splenomegaly, retrospectively. Results: In total, 100 patients, who were diagnosed with BCR-ABL-negative CMDs, were evaluated retrospectively. The mean age of the patients with JAK2 positivity was significantly higher compared to patients with negative. JAK2-positivity rates in the age groups were significantly different. Gender, diagnosis, splenomegaly, and leukocytosis were not statistically different for JAK2 positivity between the groups. Conclusion: JAK2 V617F mutation is more commonly seen in older age as a risk for complications related to CDMS. Splenomegaly and leukocytosis are not associated with JAK2 V617F mutation.
Pharmacogenomics of neuropathic pain
Authors: Sharma Vandana ,   Munish
Published: January 2017

Variation in pain sensitivity and analgesic drug response is well recognized among individuals. Pharmacogenomics hypothesis dictates that a patient’s response to a drug or development of adverse drug effects may depend on variation in genetic profile, in particular, the different alleles for the same gene that an individual carries. A review of the role of genetic variations in determining the receptor sensitivity and modulation of pain, response to analgesics drugs and their interactions are presented in this article. It is already known that genomic variations affect the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of various analgesic drugs. Genes related to the expression of mu-opioid receptor, ATP- binding cassette B1 (ABCB1), catechol-O-Methyl Transferase (COMT), Cytochrome P450 enzymes have been widely studied and show some promise in determining the drug response in individuals. Some recent studies on sodium channel mutations (SCN9A, SCN11A) have been implicated in congenital insensitivity to pain. Voltage gated ion channels such as sodium, calcium and potassium channels are being targeted for development of novel analgesics. Based on the available research, the clinical implementation of pharmacogenomics for personalized pain medicine is still in its infancy, but is promising. These are opening further opportunities for development of newer analgesics targeting pain receptors and ion channels.
Comparison of illness severity scoring systems for mortality prediction in Neurointensive Care Unit in India
Authors: Bansal Sonia , Surve Rohini , Muthuchellappan Radhakrishnan , Umamaheswara Rao Ganne , Philip Mariamma
Published: January 2017

Background: Illness severity scoring systems (SSs) are increasingly being used to provide information about patients’ severity of illness and outcome in terms of mortality or length of Intensive care Unit (ICU) and hospital stay. In this retrospective study, we compared the predictive power of Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II and IV, Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS), Mortality Prediction Model at 24 h and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) with actual in-hospital 28 day mortality in patients admitted to neuro-ICU over a period of 6 months. Methods: The data required for calculation of above scores was retrieved from medical records. The 28-day post-admission outcome including in-hospital mortality was measured by Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). Logistic regression was used to determine the mortality prediction power of each SS. Results: A total of 197 adult patients with varied neurological diagnosis were included in this study. The in-hospital 28-day mortality rate was 19.8%, and the scores of all the SSs correlated significantly with GOS (P < 0.001). All the scores were significantly different between survivors and non-survivors. The accuracy of all the SSs to predict survival and non-survival was more than 80%. The highest accuracy rate was seen for GCS and SAPS (84.3% and 83.8%, respectively). Conclusions: The SSs used in this study had good predictive power, and they had good discriminative ability between survivors and non-survivors. GCS and SAPS have the highest predictive ability, GCS having added advantage of being simple and practical.
Julius Elster and Hans Geitel – Dioscuri of physics and pioneer investigators in atmospheric electricity
Authors: Fricke Rudolf G. A. , Schlegel Kristian
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Julius Elster and Hans Geitel contributed to the physics at the turn of the 19–20th century in many ways. We first summarize the life of these exceptional scientists. Then – owing to the topic of this journal – we focus on their atmospheric electricity research. With their experiments, careful evaluations and ingenious interpretation, Elster and Geitel made important contributions to precipitation electricity, the influence of solar radiation on the electric state of the atmosphere, the nature of charge carriers and the ionization of air by radioactivity. They proved their experimental skills by inventing new instruments with unprecedented accuracy and reliability. A very modern concept was their attitude to undertake long-term measurements at various locations. A section on their recognition in the physics community and their scientific distinctions concludes the paper.
The Prevalence of Rape Myths among Middle School Students across Gender and Socioeconomic Background
Authors: Dyehouse Melissa , Pilat Mary
Published: January 2017

A study designed to investigate the level and type of rape myths that are endorsed among middle school youth in terms of gender and socioeconomic background is reported in this paper. Participants were 582 seventh and eighth grade students who took part in Project Equality, a rape and sexual assault prevention curriculum that took place during eight, one and a half-hour sessions. The modified Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance Scale was administered to students before and after Project Equality. Results indicate that males endorse higher levels of rape myth acceptance, both before and after the intervention, although the number of endorsed myths decreased. Rape myth endorsement decreased following the intervention among participants of differing socioeconomic backgrounds. Males and females showed lower levels of rape myth acceptance following the intervention. Implications include finding more effective ways to target male youth and that Project Equality works to lower rape myths among middle school youth.
Monitoring Structured Experiences during Youth Programs: Development of Brief Measures of Perceived Value and Engagement
Authors: Ellis Gary D. , Taggart Allen S. , Martz Jill , Lepley Toby , Jamal Tazim
Published: January 2017

A brief questionnaire that can be used to routinely monitor the quality of structured experiences for youth is discussed in this paper. Structured experiences are discrete periods of time in which youth gather for activity under the supervision of adult or youth leaders.  Four-item measures of perceived value and engagement were created.  A questionnaire including these measures along with items from the 4-H Common Measures was administered to 219 youth from 11 4-H clubs.  Data were analyzed for evidence of reliability and validity.  Alpha reliability estimates were .82 and .71 for the two multiple-item monitoring instruments.  Correlations (validity coefficients) ranged from .48 to .61. Multiple regression results were consistent with predictions.  Significant relations were found between perceived value, engagement, meaningfulness and supportiveness of social climate and safety of social climate.  Results thus suggest that these instruments may be appropriate for use in monitoring structured experiences for youth.
About the cover
Authors: Eke Bright Ogochukwu
Published: January 2017

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Utopia Revisited. Towards a Carbon-Neutral Neighbourhood at Brøset
Authors: Ingeborgrud Lina Hopaneng
Published: January 2017

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Theory and Practice
Authors: Karlstrøm Henrik
Published: January 2017

The relationship between theory and practice is central to science and technology studies - in many ways the field was started in an attempt to dispute representations of this relationship that were too fixed, too neatly delineated, too self-satisfied. Too often, accounts of scientific and technological developments rested on a description of the process as a linear movement from theoretical insight, through experimental testing and to final implementation. The claim of STS was that there is more going on here than a simple movement from theory to practice, from laboratory to invention, from idea to execution. Rather, more can be gained from paying attention to the actual movement back and forth between our ideas of the world and how the world operates – things may be more complex than they seem. This issue of NJSTS features three articles which, while topically different, offer an illustration of the knotty relationship between theory and practice.
Domesticating Digital Game-based Learning
Authors: Sigurðardóttir Helga Dís Ísfold
Published: January 2017

This paper analyses the use of digital game-based learning in schools in Norway. It investigates the types of games used in Norwegian schools and how pupils experience this practice. As a result of the increased focus on digital skills in Norwegian education digital game-based learning is widely employed throughout Norway. This paper analyses this usage by way of focus group interviews with a total of sixty-four pupils in four different schools. It draws upon domestication theory, actor-network theory, and the concept of script, and makes use of Latour's assemblage approach.Norwegian schools employ a variety of digital games for learning. Games used at the primary school level seem somewhat simpler in structure than those used a secondary school level. The domestication of digital game-based learning occurs through the construction of complex game-based learning assemblages. Games are applied in school and at home, as group work and as individual assignments, played on PCs and iPads. Pupils generally appreciate this practice, although they point out that digital games may have some shortcomings as teaching tools, and at the same time acknowledge a social stigma. Digital games play several different roles as non-human agents and, while educational games are played by the script, commercial games undergo certain script changes when employed in school settings. The domestication of digital game-based learning is a collective kind of domestication whereby both teachers and pupils engage in a two-way process.
Make the weird (worlds) great again!
Authors: Skjølsvold Tomas Moe
Published: January 2017

2016 has been a wild year for democracy in many different locations. The situation gives room for reflection also from an STS perspective.
Factor analysis of teacher professional development and evaluation based on math methods of RaschGSP curve, ISM, GSM and MSM
Authors: Ho Hui-Chung , Pham Duc-Hieu , Nguyen Phung-Tuyen , Fann Woody Jann-Der , Chiang Hsiu-Jye , Nagai Masatake
Published: January 2017

Professionalism has been estimated as the most important fundamental impetus in progress. Teacher profession as the most important within-school factor has been emerged to explain effective teaching and learning by research. In viewing of teacher in-service training, professional development and innovation is thus highlighted as key prerequisite for high quality teaching. Factor analysis of teacher professional development and evaluation based on math methods was primarily to identify factorial sequences of activity involving two teamwork in the classroom. The purpose of this study is to perform to: 1) Couple quantitative and qualitative accesses to display teaching research; 2) Deliver the differences of pedagogical reasoning between graduate students and undergraduate students; 3) Analyze and visualize the educational practices based on math methods, the former is to embody educational performance in academic features, the latter is to communicate concretely and contextually. Researchtechniques herewith are Nagai’s proposals of Rasch model GSP curve (RaschGSP curve), Grey structural modeling (GSM) and Matrix-based structure modeling (MSM) have been applied to illustrate structural analysis.
Evidence based pediatric care closer to home: A mixed methods evaluation of a clinical pathways-based emergency outreach program
Authors: Jabbour Mona , Reid Sarah , Irwin Danica , Rohde Kristina , Losier Andrea , Holmgren Eleanor , Barrowman Nicholas , Moreau Katherine
Published: January 2017

Objective: While specialized pediatric care is not feasible in all Emergency Department (ED) settings, enhanced system capacity is needed to appropriately address pediatric emergency care needs. Our objective was to evaluate an innovative clinical pathway (CP) based regional ED outreach program within community EDs.Methods: This mixed-methods design includes pre/post chart audits, qualitative interviews, ED site audits, and website utilization metrics. The study was conducted in community-based hospital EDs within the region. ED nurses, physicians and administrators from eight hospitals participated in the study. The ED outreach program involved implementation of 3 CPs addressing common pediatric emergency presentations: asthma, croup and gastroenteritis. Primary outcomes from chart audits included presence of a CP-related document filed in relevant patient charts and the proportion of patients who received appropriate care as per the severity-based CP recommendations. Secondary outcomes included documented assessments of condition severity, use of specific treatments and hospital metrics.Results: ED health professionals value the outreach initiative and CPs. Site audits confirmed ED presence and knowledge of CP tools. However several adoption barriers were identified, including time, perceived threats to physician autonomy and infrequent opportunities for use. Chart audits demonstrated site-dependent, variable uptake of CP resources into ED workflows. In total, 1,274 health records were audited, with the following pre/post breakdowns: 203/211 (asthma), 131/193 (croup) and 291/245 (gastroenteritis). We could not evaluate our primary outcomes due to infrequent documentation of condition severity. Significant post-implementation improvements were demonstrated in gastroenteritis management. Median length of stay remained unchanged (asthma) or increased (croup, gastroenteritis). ED site was an important predictor of some asthma treatments and LOS for asthma (p < .001), croup (p = .01) and gastroenteritis (p < .001).Conclusions: CP documents were available in EDs, but may not be utilized as fully intended. Site heterogeneity may account for lack of significant change in several outcome variables.
The College English Teaching Reform Based on MOOC
Authors: Bing Wang
Published: January 2017

Nowadays the College English course in China is in the deep blue sea which arouses the deep concerns from all walks of life in the society including the students, teaching experts and the English teachers. Based on the MOOC appearing three years ago, the College English class can be more diverse and beneficial by the means of providing the students with the teaching videos, having the opportunities to discuss the problems with teachers and other students before the class, and finishing the tasks assigned cooperatively with others to further their learning. The College English Reform based on MOOC can be perfected through solving some practical problems that need exploring in the future.
Tensor Product Of Zero-divisor Graphs With Finite Free Semilattices
Authors: Toker Kemal
Published: January 2017

$\Gamma (SL_{X})$ is defined and has been investigated in (Toker, 2016). In this paper our main aim is to extend this study over  $\Gamma (SL_{X})$ to the tensor product. The diameter, radius, girth, domination number, independence number, clique number, chromatic number and chromatic index of $\Gamma (SL_{X_{1}})\otimes \Gamma (SL_{X_{2}})$ has been established. Moreover, we have determined when $\Gamma (SL_{X_{1}})\otimes \Gamma (SL_{X_{2}})$ is a perfect graph.
Het fzo-pandrecht op giraal saldo: een alternatief voor de huidige verpandingspraktijk
Authors: Swinkels S.
Published: January 2017

Het fzo-pandrecht op giraal saldo: een alternatief voor de huidige verpandingspraktijk

Het pandrecht in het kader van een financiëlezekerheidsovereenkomst (fzo-pandrecht) is nog een vrij onbekende rechtsfiguur. Onterecht, want het fzo-pandrecht kan in de praktijk een andere uitwerking hebben dan ‘reguliere’ pandrechten en daarmee voordelen meebrengen voor marktpartijen. In dit artikel wordt onderzocht of fzo-pandrechten gebruikt kunnen worden in de huidige verpandingspraktijk, waar vooralsnog een openbaar pandrecht wordt bedongen op het girale saldo van een bankrekening. Belangrijk aspect van deze praktijk is dat de pandgever in zijn hoedanigheid van rekeninghouder over de rekening wil blijven beschikken. Dit levert problemen op met het zogenaamde ‘controlevereiste’.
Een notariële redactiefout in een uiterste wil
Authors: Breemhaar W.
Published: January 2017

Een notariële redactiefout in een uiterste wil. Rb. Amsterdam 16 december 2015, ECLI:NL:RBAMS:2015:9032

De bijdrage behelst een kritische bespreking van het vonnis van de Rechtbank Amsterdam van 16 december 2015, ECLI:NL:RBAMS:2015:9032, omtrent een notariële redactiefout in een uiterste wil. Het praktische belang van het leerstuk van de discrepantie tussen wil en verklaring (art. 3:33 BW) in een dergelijk geval wordt in het bijzonder onderstreept.
Avian species composition and ecological distribution in south lake wetland park, hohhot
Authors: Sainbileg Namkhaidorj , Tong Wang , Fan Yang , Guisheng Yang
Published: January 2017

Species diversity and composition of bird community at South Lake Wetland Park in Hohhot city were investigated from October 2013 to September 2014. In total，64 bird species belonging to 33 families and 14 orders were recorded. There are 36 summer migrant species, 15 resident species, 11 traveling species and 2 winter migrant species found. The habitats of birds were grouped into four types (wetland, woodland, grassland and residential area) according to topography and vegetation types in the survey area．Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index (H`) was 2.9450 in wetland area and 1.0768 in grassland area the highest and the lowest values, respectively. The evenness of bird species was 0.4058 lowest in woodland and 0.7581 highest in residential area. The dominance index of bird species was 0.0733 lowest in the wetland and 0.4319 highest in the woodland, respectively. This paper analyzed the relationship between the main dominant bird species and their habitat characteristics，explained the main reasons for the increased bird species number.
Puccinia passerinii (Pucciniales) on Thesium ebracteatum in the Biebrza National Park – new data on its distribution in Central Europe
Authors: Sucharzewska Ewa , Marczakiewicz Magdalena , Ejdys Elżbieta
Published: January 2017

This work provides a morphological description of a parasitic fungus Puccinia passerinii Schroet. discovered in the Biebrza National Park on bractless toadflax Thesium ebracteatum Hayne, a host plant listed in Appendix II of the Habitat Directive and strictly protected in Poland. Puccinia passerinii was recorded in 1916 within the borders of current-day Poland, however, owing to a lack of herbarial materials it was not included into the checklist of Polish microscopic fungi. This work is the first report, after 100 years, on the appearance of this species in Poland, which enlarges the list of microfungi in this country and particularly in the Biebrza National Park. Moreover, a common parasite of rust fungi – Sphaerellopsis filum (Biv.) B. Sutton is reported for the first time on P. passerinii.
CROSS CULTURAL VARIATION OF QUESTIONING IN NEWS INTERVIEWS – A CASE OF POST-QUESTION ELABORATION IN CHINESE NEWS INTERVIEWS
Authors: Zhu Hongqiang , Chen Tong
Published: January 2017

Questioning practice in news interviews has long been a central concern in the current studies of media discourse analysis in terms of its role in maintaining journalistic neutralism. Questions are usually structured into two forms: simple and complex one. In western news interviews, prefatory statements in complex questions are suffi ciently examined in previous studies. Drawing on Conversation Analysis as methodology, this paper examines the questioning practice of English news interviews (i.e., Dialogue) aired in Chinese context and captures the post-question elaboration as a noticeable variant particularity in questioning practice in Chinese news interviews. Post-question elaborations are recognized in terms of the formal features in question design and their functions in the interviewer-interviewee interaction and further categorized into three types: fi rst, post-question elaboration being evaded; second, post-question elaboration being answered along with the question; third, post-question elaboration being answered with question itself being evaded. This analysis reveals that post-question elaborations appear mostly to be associated with the informational contents negatively implicated in the question design and serve not only to contextualize the question itself but also to justify the act of questioning on the part of the interviewer.