bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A QoS Enhancement Scheme through Joint Control of Clear Channel Assessment Threshold and Contending Window for IEEE 802.11e Broadcasting
Authors: Chen Chen , Zhao Honghui , Xiang Hongyu , Sun Canding , Sui Jisheng , Zhu Lijun , Wang Shengda , Cong Li , Zhou Yang
Published: January 2017

In a WLAN, when a great many nodes coexist, the network may readily be congested, thus causing packets dropping and network performance degradation. To solve this issue, a lot of schemes have been proposed. However, most of the previous works attempt to avoid the possible channel congestion by controlling the packets generation rate and/or transmitting power of nodes, while the effects of Clear Channel Assessment (CCA) threshold are not well examined. In our paper, a Joint CCA threshold and contending window control algorithm (JCCA) is proposed to avoid channel congestion or reduce the congestion probability of broadcasting in an IEEE 802.11e network. Both the network conditions and the priorities of messages are taken into account to improve the broadcasting performance in our paper. According to the simulation results, it can be concluded that our scheme can significantly increase the network throughput as well as packets delivery ratio and reduce the packet transmission delay compared to the IEEE 802.11e and Adaptive Carrier Sensing-Based MAC Designs (ACSBM) protocol.
Oral Administration of Resveratrol Alleviates Osteoarthritis Pathology in C57BL/6J Mice Model Induced by a High-Fat Diet
Authors: Jiang Mengqi , Li Xingyao , Yu Xiaolu , Liu Xudan , Xu Xiaolei , He Jianyi , Gu Hailun , Liu Li
Published: January 2017

Obesity has been associated with osteoarthritis (OA) due to increased mass and metabolic factors which are independent of the biomechanical contribution to joint load. Resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic compound, exerts protective effects on OA through its anti-inflammatory property. However, the mechanism of resveratrol on obesity-related OA is unclear. To investigate the effect and possible mechanism of oral resveratrol on obesity-related OA, we fed C57BL/6J mice with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks to establish obesity-related OA model; then two doses (22.5 mg/kg and 45 mg/kg) of resveratrol were given by gavage for additional 12 weeks. Mice with HFD significantly increased body weights compared to the control mice, while resveratrol treatment did not cause obvious weight loss. Histological assessments showed that resveratrol at 45 mg/kg significantly improved OA symptoms. Levels of serum IL-1β and leptin were decreased by resveratrol treatment and positively correlated with Mankin scores. Moreover, resveratrol significantly inhibited the expression of TLR4 and TRAF6 in cartilage. These results suggest that HFD induced obesity can lead to the occurrence of OA, and resveratrol may alleviate OA pathology by decreasing the levels of systematic inflammation and/or inhibiting TLR4 signaling pathway in cartilage. Thus, resveratrol might be a promising therapeutic treatment for obesity-related OA.
An Evaluation of the Gap Sizes of 3-Unit Fixed Dental Prostheses Milled from Sintering Metal Blocks
Authors: Jung Jae-Kwan
Published: January 2017

This study assessed the clinical acceptability of sintering metal-fabricated 3-unit fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) based on gap sizes. Ten specimens were prepared on research models by milling sintering metal blocks or by the lost-wax technique (LWC group). Gap sizes were assessed at 12 points per abutment (premolar and molar), 24 points per specimen (480 points in a total in 20 specimens). The measured points were categorized as marginal, axial wall, and occlusal for assessment in a silicone replica. The silicone replica was cut through the mesiodistal and buccolingual center. The four sections were magnified at 160x, and the thickness of the light body silicone was measured to determine the gap size, and gap size means were compared. For the premolar part, the mean (standard deviation) gap size was nonsignificantly (p=0.139) smaller in the SMB group (68.6 ± 35.6 μm) than in the LWC group (69.6 ± 16.9 μm). The mean molar gap was nonsignificantly smaller (p=0.852) in the LWC (73.9 ± 25.6 μm) than in the SMB (78.1 ± 37.4 μm) group. The gap sizes were similar between the two groups. Because the gap sizes were within the previously proposed clinically accepted limit, FDPs prepared by sintered metal block milling are clinically acceptable.
Electrical Impedance Measurements of PZT Nanofiber Sensors
Authors: Galos Richard , Shi Yong , Ren Zhongjing , Zhou Liang , Sun Hao , Su Xiaoyu , Yuan Jianping
Published: January 2017

Electrical impedance measurements of PZT nanofiber sensors were performed using a variety of methods over a frequency spectrum ranging from DC to 1.8 GHz. The nanofibers formed by electrospinning with diameters ranging from 10 to 150 nm were collected and integrated into sensors using microfabrication techniques. Special matching circuits with ultrahigh input impedance were fabricated to produce low noise, measurable sensor outputs. Material properties including resistivity and dielectric constant are derived from the impedance measurements. The resulting material properties are also compared with those of individual nanofibers being tested using conductive AFM and Scanning Conductive Microscopy.
Evaluation of the Hair Cell Regeneration in Zebrafish Larvae by Measuring and Quantifying the Startle Responses
Authors: Wang Changquan , Zhong Zhenmin , Sun Peng , Zhong Hanbing , Li Hongzhe , Chen Fangyi
Published: January 2017

The zebrafish has become an established model organism for the study of hearing and balance systems in the past two decades. The classical approach to examine hair cells is to use dye to conduct selective staining, which shows the number and morphology of hair cells but does not reveal their function. Startle response is a behavior closely related to the auditory function of hair cells; therefore it can be used to measure the function of hair cells. In this study, we developed a device to measure the startle response of zebrafish larvae. By applying various levels of stimulus, it showed that the system can discern a 10 dB difference. The hair cell in zebrafish can regenerate after damage due to noise exposure or drug treatment. With this device, we measured the startle response of zebrafish larvae during and after drug treatment. The results show a similar trend to the classical hair cell staining method. The startle response was reduced with drug treatment and recovered after removal of the drug. Together it demonstrated the capability of this behavioral assay in evaluating the hair cell functions of fish larvae and its potential as a high-throughput screening tool for auditory-related gene and drug discovery.
An Open Data Platform for Traffic Parameters Measurement via Multirotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Video
Authors: Du Yuchuan , Zhao Cong , Li Feng , Yang Xuefeng
Published: January 2017

Multirotor unmanned aerial vehicle video observation can obtain accurate information about traffic flow of large areas over extended times. This paper aims to construct an open data test platform for updated traffic data accumulation and traffic simulation model verification by analyzing real time aerial video. Common calibration boards were used to calibrate internal camera parameters and image distortion correction was performed using a high-precision distortion model. To solve external parameters calibration problems, an existing algorithm was improved by adding two sets of orthogonal equations, achieving higher accuracy with only four calibrated points. A simplified algorithm is proposed to calibrate cameras by calculating the relationship between pixel and true length under the camera optical axis perpendicular to road conditions. Aerial video (160 min) from the Shanghai inner ring expressway was collected and real time traffic parameter values were obtained from analyzing and processing the aerial visual data containing spatial, time, velocity, and acceleration data. The results verify that the proposed platform provides a reasonable and objective approach to traffic simulation model verification and improvement. The proposed data platform also offers significant advantages over conventional methods that use historical and outdated data to run poorly calibrated traffic simulation models.
A Diagnostic Dilemma of Recurrent Disseminated Peritoneal Leiomyomatosis with Hypertrophied Omental Vessels: Imaging and Embolization of Omental Branches with Positive Outcome
Authors: Parmar Jitendra , Mohan Chander , Hans Deepak , Vora Maulik
Published: January 2017

We present a case report of recurrent disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis in a 30-year-old female with a past history of laparoscopic myomectomy by a technique of morcellation for a large fibroid in 2014. After one year she presented in 2015 with a well-defined oval shaped fibroid along the anterior abdominal wall, which was supplied by the 10th intercostal artery and a branch of right internal mammary artery. She was again presented after 1 year in 2016 with a large pelvic-abdominal fibroid with blood supply from the omental artery, a branch from the right gastroepiploic artery, and sigmoid branches of inferior mesenteric artery.
Geometries and Electronic States of Divacancy Defect in Finite-Size Hexagonal Graphene Flakes
Authors: Liu Lili , Chen Shimou
Published: January 2017

The geometries and electronic properties of divacancies with two kinds of structures were investigated by the first-principles (U) B3LYP/STO-3G and self-consistent-charge density-functional tight-binding (SCC-DFTB) method. Different from the reported understanding of these properties of divacancy in graphene and carbon nanotubes, it was found that the ground state of the divacancy with 585 configurations is closed shell singlet state and much more stable than the 555777 configurations in the smaller graphene flakes, which is preferred to triplet state. But when the sizes of the graphene become larger, the 555777 defects will be more stable. In addition, the spin density properties of the both configurations are studied in this paper.
The Influence of Electrolytic Concentration on the Electrochemical Deposition of Calcium Phosphate Coating on a Direct Laser Metal Forming Surface
Authors: Sun Qianyue , Yang Yuhui , Luo Wenjing , Zhao Jinghui , Zhou Yanmin
Published: January 2017

A calcium phosphate (CaP) coating on titanium surface enhances its biocompatibility, thus facilitating osteoconduction and osteoinduction with the inorganic phase of the human bone. Electrochemical deposition has been suggested as an effective means of fabricating CaP coatings on porous surface. The purpose of this study was to develop CaP coatings on a direct laser metal forming implant using electrochemical deposition and to investigate the effect of electrolytic concentration on the coating’s morphology and structure by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, water contact angle analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In group 10−2, coatings were rich in dicalcium phosphate, characterized to be thick, layered, and disordered plates. In contrast, in groups 10−3 and 10−4, the relatively thin and well-ordered coatings predominantly consisted of granular hydroxyapatite. Further, the hydrophilicity and cell affinity were improved as electrolytic concentration increased. In particular, the cells cultured in group 10−3 appeared to have spindle morphology with thick pseudopodia on CaP coatings; these spindles and pseudopodia strongly adhered to the rough and porous surface. By analyzing and evaluating the surface properties, we provided further knowledge on the electrolytic concentration effect, which will be critical for improving CaP coated Ti implants in the future.
Assessment ofPasteurella multocidaA Lipopolysaccharide, as an Adhesin in an In Vitro Model of Rabbit Respiratory Epithelium
Authors: Gallego Carolina , Romero Stefany , Esquinas Paula , Patiño Pilar , Martínez Nhora , Iregui Carlos
Published: January 2017

The role of theP. multocidalipopolysaccharide (LPS) as a putative adhesin during the early stages of infection with this bacterium in the respiratory epithelium of rabbits was investigated. By light microscopy and double enzyme labeling of nasal septa tissues, the amount of bacteria attached to the respiratory epithelium and the amount of LPS present in goblet cells at different experimental times were estimated. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and LPS labeling with colloidal gold particles were also used to determine the exact location of LPS in the cells. Septa that were challenged with LPS ofP. multocidaand 30 minutes later withP. multocidashowed more adherent bacteria and more severe lesions than the other treatments. Free LPS was observed in the lumen of the nasal septum, forming bilamellar structures and adhering to the cilia, microvilli, cytoplasmic membrane, and cytoplasm of epithelial ciliated and goblet cells. The above findings suggest thatP. multocidaLPS plays an important role in the process of bacterial adhesion and that it has the ability of being internalized into host cells.
Wound Myiasis Caused bySarcophaga (Liopygia) Argyrostoma(Robineau-Desvoidy) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae): Additional Evidences of the Morphological Identification Dilemma and Molecular Investigation
Authors: Giangaspero Annunziata , Marangi Marianna , Balotta Antonio , Venturelli Claudio , Szpila Krzysztof , Di Palma Antonella
Published: January 2017

In Mediterranean countries,Sarcophaga (Liopygia) crassipalpis,Sarcophaga (L.) argyrostoma,andSarcophaga (L.) cultellatashare the same ecological niche and can be responsible of myiasis. In this study, the main morphological characters of a larva found in a hospitalized woman were described and illustrated by light and SEM microscopy and the features discussed. Then, a fragment within the mitochondrial encoded cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(coxI)gene of ~735 bp was amplified and sequenced. The molecular investigation was necessary to confirm the speciesSarcophaga (Liopygia) argyrostoma(99% of identity). Our findings showed that morphological descriptions of larvae of three Mediterranean species ofLiopygiaavailable in several papers might not be clear enough to allow for comparison and correct identification. Until results of reliable comparative studies of larvae of all three species will be available, the use of molecular tools is crucial, to avoid misleading or incomplete identification, and in particular when a myiasis becomes a legal issue.
Current Perspectives on In Vivo Noninvasive Tracking of Extracellular Vesicles with Molecular Imaging
Authors: Gangadaran Prakash , Hong Chae Moon , Ahn Byeong-Cheol
Published: January 2017

Clinical and preclinical in vivo tracking of extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a crucial tool for the development and optimization of EV-based diagnosis and treatment. EVs have gained interest due to their unique properties that make them excellent candidates for biological applications. Noninvasive in vivo EV tracking has allowed marked progress towards elucidating the mechanisms and functions of EVs in real time in preclinical and clinical studies. In this review, we summarize several molecular imaging methods that deal with EVs derived from different cells, which have allowed investigations of EV biodistribution, as well as their tracking, delivery, and tumor targeting, to determine their physiological functions and to exploit imaging-derived information for EV-based theranostics.
Mutant IDH1 Disrupts the Mouse Subventricular Zone and Alters Brain Tumor Progression
Authors: Pirozzi Christopher J. , Carpenter Austin B. , Waitkus Matthew S. , Wang Catherine Y. , Zhu Huishan , Hansen Landon J. , Chen Lee H. , Greer Paula K. , Feng Jie , Wang Yu , Bock Cheryl B. , Fan Ping , Spasojevic Ivan , McLendon Roger E. , Bigner Darell D. , He Yiping , Yan Hai
Published: February 2017

IDH1 mutations occur in the majority of low-grade gliomas and lead to the production of the oncometabolite, D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG). To understand the effects of tumor-associated mutant IDH1 (IDH1-R132H) on both the neural stem cell (NSC) population and brain tumorigenesis, genetically faithful cell lines and mouse model systems were generated. Here, it is reported that mouse NSCs expressing Idh1-R132H displayed reduced proliferation due to p53-mediated cell-cycle arrest as well as a decreased ability to undergo neuronal differentiation. In vivo, Idh1-R132H expression reduced proliferation of cells within the germinal zone of the subventricular zone (SVZ). The NSCs within this area were dispersed and disorganized in mutant animals, suggesting that Idh1-R132H perturbed the NSCs and the microenvironment from which gliomas arise. In addition, tumor-bearing animals expressing mutant Idh1 displayed a prolonged survival and also overexpressed Olig2, features consistent with IDH1-mutated human gliomas. These data indicate that mutant Idh1 disrupts the NSC microenvironment and the candidate cell-of-origin for glioma; thus, altering the progression of tumorigenesis. In addition, this study provides a mutant Idh1 brain tumor model that genetically recapitulates human disease, laying the foundation for future investigations on mutant IDH1-mediated brain tumorigenesis and targeted therapy.

Implications: Through the use of a conditional mutant mouse model that confers a less aggressive tumor phenotype, this study reveals that mutant Idh1 impacts the candidate cell-of-origin for gliomas. Mol Cancer Res; 15(5); 507–20. ©2017 AACR.
Performance of the 20-minute whole blood clotting test in detecting venom induced consumption coagulopathy from Russell’s viper (Daboia russelii) bites
Authors: Ratnayake Indira , Shihana Fathima , Dissanayake Dhammika M. , Buckley Nicholas A. , Maduwage Kalana , Isbister Geoffrey K.
Published: February 2017

The 20-minute whole blood clotting test (WBCT20) is used as a bed-side diagnostic test for coagulopathic snake envenoming. We aimed to assess the performance of the WBCT20 in diagnosis of venom induced consumption coagulopathy (VICC) in Russell’s viper envenoming. Adult patients admitted with suspected snake bites were recruited from two hospitals. WBCT20 and prothrombin time (PT) test were performed on admission. WBCT20 was done by trained clinical research assistants using 1 ml whole blood in a 5 ml borosilicate glass tube with a 10 mm internal diameter. The PT was measured by a semi-automated coagulation system and international normalised ratio (INR) calculated. VICC was defined as present if the INR was >1.4. The diagnostic utility of WBCT20 was determined by calculating the sensitivity and specificity of the WBCT20 on admission for detecting VICC. There were 987 snake bites where both WBCT20 and PT were done on admission samples. This included 79 patients (8 %) with VICC. The WBCT20 was positive in 65/79 patients with VICC (sensitivity 82 %; 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 72–90 %) and was falsely positive in 13/908 with no coagulopathy. The WBCT20 was negative in 895/908 snake bites with no coagulopathy (specificity: 98 % 95 % CI: 97–99 %) and was falsely negative in 14/79 with VICC. Using trained clinical staff, the WBCT20 test had a relatively good sensitivity for the detection of VICC, but still missed almost one fifth of cases where antivenom was potentially indicated.

Supplementary Material to this article is available online at www.thrombosis-online.com.
Cerebral Vascular Disease and Neurovascular Injury in Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Hu Xiaoming , De Silva T. Michael , Chen Jun , Faraci Frank M.
Published: February 2017

The consequences of cerebrovascular disease are among the leading health issues worldwide. Large and small cerebral vessel disease can trigger stroke and contribute to the vascular component of other forms of neurological dysfunction and degeneration. Both forms of vascular disease are driven by diverse risk factors, with hypertension as the leading contributor. Despite the importance of neurovascular disease and subsequent injury after ischemic events, fundamental knowledge in these areas lag behind our current understanding of neuroprotection and vascular biology in general. The goal of this review is to address select key structural and functional changes in the vasculature that promote hypoperfusion and ischemia, while also affecting the extent of injury and effectiveness of therapy. In addition, as damage to the blood–brain barrier is one of the major consequences of ischemia, we discuss cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying ischemia-induced changes in blood–brain barrier integrity and function, including alterations in endothelial cells and the contribution of pericytes, immune cells, and matrix metalloproteinases. Identification of cell types, pathways, and molecules that control vascular changes before and after ischemia may result in novel approaches to slow the progression of cerebrovascular disease and lessen both the frequency and impact of ischemic events.
Changes in Northern Hemisphere Winter Storm Tracks under the Background of Arctic Amplification
Authors: Wang Jiabao , Kim Hye-Mi , Chang Edmund K. M.
Published: February 2017

An interdecadal weakening in the North Atlantic storm track (NAST) and a poleward shift of the North Pacific storm track (NPST) are found during October–March for the period 1979–2015. A significant warming of surface air temperature (Ts) over northeastern North America and a La Niña–like change in the North Pacific under the background of Arctic amplification are found to be the contributors to the observed changes in the NAST and the NPST, respectively, via modulation of local baroclinicity. The interdecadal change in baroclinic energy conversion is consistent with changes in storm tracks with an energy loss from eddies to mean flow over the North Atlantic and an energy gain over the North Pacific. The analysis of simulations from the Community Earth System Model Large Ensemble project, although with some biases in storm-track and Ts simulations, supports the observed relationship between the NAST and Ts over northeastern North America, as well as the link between the NPST and El Niño–Southern Oscillation. The near-future projections of Ts and storm tracks are characterized by a warmer planet under the influence of increasing greenhouse gases and a significant weakening of both the NAST and the NPST. The potential role of the NAST in redistributing changes in Ts over the surrounding regions is also examined. The anomalous equatorward moisture flux associated with the weakening trend of the NAST would enhance the warming over its upstream region and hinder the warming over its downstream region via modulation of the downward infrared radiation.
A Data-Driven Approach for Daily Real-Time Estimates and Forecasts of Near-Surface Soil Moisture
Authors: Koster Randal D. , Reichle Rolf H. , Mahanama Sarith P. P.
Published: February 2017

NASA’s Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission provides global surface soil moisture retrievals with a revisit time of 2–3 days and a latency of 24 h. Here, to enhance the utility of the SMAP data, an approach is presented for improving real-time soil moisture estimates (nowcasts) and for forecasting soil moisture several days into the future. The approach, which involves using an estimate of loss processes (evaporation and drainage) and precipitation to evolve the most recent SMAP retrieval forward in time, is evaluated against subsequent SMAP retrievals themselves. The nowcast accuracy over the continental United States is shown to be markedly higher than that achieved with the simple yet common persistence approach. The accuracy of soil moisture forecasts, which rely on precipitation forecasts rather than on precipitation measurements, is reduced relative to nowcast accuracy but is still significantly higher than that obtained through persistence.
Uncertainties in Current Measurements in the Northern North Sea
Authors: Bruserud Kjersti , Haver Sverre
Published: February 2017

A met–ocean measurement program of waves and current profiles at five locations in the northern North Sea was performed over a period of approximately 5 years. Despite quality control, the measured current speed data contained more noise than expected and large discrepancies were observed between overlapping current speed data measured by different current profilers at the same locations and water depths. Some of the noise and discrepancies can be explained by the influence from surface waves. The current measurements from instruments attached to a surface buoy indicated that these suffered from the influence of surface waves. Further investigations of the uncertainties in current speed data were carried out through three phases of a current verification study, where both additional current measurements and data analysis were done. Comparisons of overlapping measured current speed showed large deviations, suggesting that the accuracy of current measurements is not as good as the user expects. These presented results are in contrast to previous studies of overlapping current measurements.
A wearable textile antenna for wireless power transfer by magnetic resonance
Authors: Heo Eunah , Choi Keun-Yeong , Kim Jooyong , Park Jong-Hu , Lee Hojin
Published: February 2017

The paper presents a wearable textile antenna embroidered on a fabric for wireless power transfer systems. A planar spiral coil was generated with the conductive thread on a cotton substrate, and was connected to a rectifier circuit fabricated on flexible polyethylene terephthalate film to constitute a bendable receiver by the magnetic resonance. At a resonance frequency of 6.78 MHz, the proposed system could achieve −5.51 dB transfer efficiency and 12.75 mW power transmission at a distance of 15 cm. It was also demonstrated that the resonance frequency and transmitted power of the proposed system could be maintained as the same even when the system was bent conformingly to the surface curvature of the human body model for a bending radius up to 50 mm or larger.
“We Took ’Em On”
Authors: Cruz Tatiana M. F.
Published: February 2017

Like African Americans, Latinos struggled to navigate Boston’s segregated, inequitable school system during the 1960s and 1970s. Latino children confronted many obstacles including language barriers, inadequate teaching and counseling, dilapidated buildings and overcrowded classrooms, limited curriculums, and severe shortages of materials. They also endured hostility and violence from their peers, dropped out at alarmingly high rates, and were systematically excluded from school for a host of reasons. Despite a rich history of Latino organizing around these issues, Boston’s historical narrative and “busing crisis” framework furthers a black–white binary that renders Latinos invisible. I disrupt this by recovering the role of Latinos in mobilizations for reform in Boston Public Schools. This essay examines the emergence of the Latino educational movement during the 1960s and 1970s, centered on ideas of community control and the right to bilingual education. I draw attention to the experiences of Latino children with ambiguous racial identities, shedding light on complexities that are often overlooked in dominant black–white desegregation narratives. I highlight the agency of ordinary Latino parent activists who worked strategically in and outside the school system, using numerous tactics in the pursuit of educational justice. I focus particularly on the leading role of working-class Latina mothers, who developed their own educational programs outside of school, petitioned the school system for reform, staged public protests, and sought legal appeals. Though interethnic conflicts and divisions emerged, they did not alter the movement’s primary aims, which remained sharply focused on the protection and expansion of bilingual education.
Why Didn’t You Tell Me? Voicing Concerns Over Objective Information About a Project’s Flaws
Authors: Shepherd Dean A. , Patzelt Holger , Berry Christopher M.
Published: February 2017

Innovation contributes to firm performance. An important task of effective innovation management is to terminate poorly performing projects and reallocate their resources to other, more promising projects. Despite the challenges of such a task, some actors quickly terminate flawed projects while others persist. To investigate decisions about a project’s flaws, we build on theoretical insights from the voice literature to offer a model of voicing concerns over a project’s flaws based on the amount of information available to project team members. We test the model using 3,760 decisions nested within 235 project team members from the research and development (R&D) departments of large firms operating in innovative industries. We find that more information about a project’s flaw increases project team members’ willingness to voice concerns and that this positive effect is stronger for project team members who believe that they have more open-minded supervisors and who themselves are more prosocially motivated. This theorizing and set of findings provides new insights into our understanding of facilitating voice in organizations and managing innovation and entrepreneurial projects.
Co-constructing a Sense of Community at Work: The Emergence of Community in Coworking Spaces
Authors: Garrett Lyndon E. , Spreitzer Gretchen M. , Bacevice Peter A.
Published: February 2017

As more individuals are working remotely, many feel increasingly isolated and socially adrift. To address this challenge, many independent workers are choosing to work in coworking spaces – shared spaces where individuals do their own work but in the presence of others with the express purpose of being part of a community. In this qualitative, single case study, we analyze how members of a coworking space work together to co-construct a sense of community through their day-to-day interactions in the space. We apply a relational constructionist lens to unpack the processes of ‘community work’ as an interactive, agentic process. We identify three types of collective actions, or interacts, that contribute to a sense of community: endorsing, encountering, and engaging. These interacts represent different forms of community work that members interactively accomplish to maintain a desired community experience. The rapidly growing coworking movement offers insights, as uncovered in this study, on how to integrate a sense of community into the world of work.
‘This is what we got, what would you like?’: Aligning and unaligning academic-industry relations
Authors: Vedel Jane Bjørn , Irwin Alan
Published: February 2017

This paper explores academic-industry relations from the perspective of research managers in the pharmaceutical industry. While current policy discourse on academic-industry relations has emphasized the potential of creating stronger alignment between academic research and industrial R&D, scholars have also drawn attention to the fundamental misalignment of the two domains and the inherently problematic aspects of over-close ties. In this paper, we address the articulation of alignment and ‘unalignment’ in academic-industry relations and explore how industrial participants reflect on their relationship with academic research. The paper draws on a longitudinal study of academic-industry collaboration in a Danish pharmaceutical company, carried out from 2009 to 2011. Focusing on one specific case of collaboration, we show that these industry research managers make sense of academic-industry relations by both aligning and unaligning themselves with academic research. Indeed, at critical stages, and rather than simply serving as an impediment, the process of aligning and unaligning can be an important driver to collaboration. Generally, we propose that focusing on participants’ aligning and unaligning stances and efforts holds the promise of developing more nuanced, empirically-based accounts of academic-industry relations.
Prediction of Physical Activity Level Using Processes of Change From the Transtheoretical Model: Experiential, Behavioral, or an Interaction Effect?
Authors: Romain Ahmed Jérôme , Horwath Caroline , Bernard Paquito
Published: February 2017

Purpose:

The purpose of the present study was to compare prediction of physical activity (PA) by experiential or behavioral processes of change (POCs) or an interaction between both types of processes.

Design:

A cross-sectional study.

Setting:

This study was conducted using an online questionnaire.

Participants:

A total of 394 participants (244 women, 150 men), with a mean age of 35.12 ± 12.04 years and a mean body mass index of 22.97 ± 4.25 kg/m2 were included.

Measures:

Participants completed the Processes of Change, Stages of Change questionnaires, and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire to evaluate self-reported PA level (total, vigorous, and moderate PA).

Analysis:

Hierarchical multiple regression models were used to test the prediction of PA level.

Results:

For both total PA (β = .261; P < .001) and vigorous PA (β = .297; P < .001), only behavioral POCs were a significant predictor. Regarding moderate PA, only the interaction between experiential and behavioral POCs was a significant predictor (β = .123; P = .017).

Conclusion:

Our results provide confirmation that behavioral processes are most prominent in PA behavior. Nevertheless, it is of interest to note that the interaction between experiential and behavioral POCs was the only element predicting moderate PA level. Experiential processes were not associated with PA level.
The Association Between Lipoproteins, Disability, and Physical Function Among Older Costa Rican Adults
Authors: Chanti-Ketterl Marianne , Gamaldo Alyssa , Andel Ross , Thorpe Roland J.
Published: February 2017

Objective: To examine the relationship between total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) with disability and physical performance. Method: Wave 1 data were from Costa Rican Longevity and Healthy Aging Study ( n = 2,827). Lipoprotein profiles were measured using blood samples. Disability and physical functioning were measured with activities of daily living/instrumental activities of daily living (ADLs/IADLs) and objective assessment of physical performance. Results: Lower HDL-C was associated with greater ADL disability, and lower TC with longer time to pick-a-pencil and Time-Up-Go (TUG) test. Age interacted between (a) TG and lung function, chair stands, and pick-a-pencil, and (b) HDL-C and TUG. Stratification showed lower TG and longer time picking up a pencil only for those above 84 years. Based on significant interactions with sex, lower TC was associated with slower chair stand time in women and higher HDL-C with slower chair stand time in men. Discussion: Lower levels of lipoproteins may suggest worse physical function, but the association may differ by sex.
A function unit integrating approach for the conceptual design synthesis in the distributed resource environment
Authors: Chen Bin , Xie You-Bai
Published: February 2017

With the help of the well-developed Internet technologies, designers can obtain numerous resources distributed all over the world. These resources actually construct the distributed resource environment. If this environment can be fully considered and applied during the key and starting phase of the product design, the conceptual design synthesis, the design efficiency will be largely promoted and the design product will have better quality, innovation, and competition. Therefore, a function unit integrating approach was proposed for the conceptual design synthesis in the distributed resource environment. This approach is based on the integration of function units which represent the resources in the distributed resource environment. With the proposed computer algorithm, these function units can be firstly connected up into appropriate function unit chains and, then, improved into the final function unit set as the result of the conceptual design synthesis. Based on this approach, a computer program called function unit integrating system was established. And finally, the design process of a friction testing machine was completed by function unit integrating system as an illustrative case.
The calculation model of the friction torque on a dry clutch
Authors: Lin Xiaohua , Xi Junqiang , Hao Shengqiang
Published: February 2017

The influencing factors of the friction torque on a dry clutch are analysed, the load characteristic of a diaphragm spring is modified and the clutch clamping force model is established by using the modified load characteristic. Also, the friction coefficient model is analysed and established on the basis of the sliding speed, the pressure and the surface temperature of clutch plates using a designed friction coefficient bench. Then, the temperature model of the friction plates is obtained by the finite element programming method, and the calculation model of the friction torque on a dry clutch is constructed on the basis of the above-mentioned models. By using an automobile powertrain bench, it is verified that the friction torque calculation model helps to determine the accuracy of the friction torque on the clutch.
Father Involvement in Early Intervention: Exploring the Gap Between Service Providers’ Perceptions and Practices
Authors: McBride Brent A. , Curtiss Sarah J. , Uchima Kelly , Laxman Daniel J. , Santos Rosa M. , Weglarz-Ward Jenna , Dyer Wm. Justin , Jeans Laurie M. , Kern Justin
Published: February 2017

The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine early intervention (EI) service providers’ perceptions of the roles played by fathers in services, as well as their perceptions of the barriers that limit fathers from being engaged in the services provided for families of children with disabilities. A total of 511 EI service providers participated in an online survey. Findings revealed a significant gap between EI providers’ perceptions of the impact fathers can have on their children with disabilities and their perceptions of how useful it is to target fathers for involvement in EI services. In addition, several barriers were identified by participants that limit their ability to successfully engage fathers in the services they provide to their children and families. Results are discussed in terms of implications for future training needs of EI providers.
Pembrolizumab-induced myasthenia gravis: A fatal case report
Authors: March Katherine L , Samarin Michael J , Sodhi Amik , Owens Ryan E
Published: February 2017

Purpose

Pembrolizumab, a monoclonal antibody which inhibits the programmed cell death 1 receptor, has been shown to efficaciously enhance pre-existing immune responses to malignancies. However, safety concerns must also be considered as pembrolizumab use has been associated with several life-threatening immune-related adverse events (irAEs). We report a fatal case of pembrolizumab-induced myasthenia gravis in a patient with no prior myasthenia gravis history.

Case report

A 63-year-old male presented with right eyelid drooping, puffiness, blurred vision, and shortness of breath two weeks after an initial infusion of pembrolizumab. He was subsequently diagnosed with new onset acetylcholine-receptor positive myasthenia gravis. Despite aggressive treatment with corticosteroids, pyridostigmine, intravenous immunoglobulin, and plasmapheresis, the patient clinically deteriorated and ultimately expired from acute respiratory failure after a 12-day hospitalization.

Discussion

Current package labeling for pembrolizumab warns against various irAEs associated with its use including pneumonitis, colitis, and endocrinopathies. To date, only one case of new onset myasthenia gravis and two case reports of myasthenia gravis exacerbation have been identified. This case further highlights the mortality risk associated with development of irAEs.

Conclusion

While rare, evidence for the development of MG associated with pembrolizumab is growing. Prompt recognition of symptoms and discontinuation of pembrolizumab is necessary to help improve prognosis.
Minimum transmission time of Cytauxzoon felis by Amblyomma americanum to domestic cats in relation to duration of infestation, and investigation of ingestion of infected ticks as a potential route of transmission
Authors: Thomas Jennifer E , Ohmes Cameon M , Payton Mark E , Hostetler Joseph A , Reichard Mason V
Published: February 2017

Objectives

The objectives of the present study were to determine the duration of infestation by Amblyomma americanum necessary for transmission of Cytauxzoon felis to domestic cats and to determine if ingestion of C felis-infected A americanum by cats is a route of transmission.

Methods

Forty-nine cats were assigned to one of seven groups, with seven cats per group. Cats were infested with A americanum adults, acquisition fed as nymphs on a cytauxzoonosis survivor cat, for 12 h (group 1), 18 h (group 2), 24 h (group 3), 36 h (group 4), 48 h (group 5) and to repletion (group 7; control). Cats in group 6 were fed C felis-infected ticks. Thumb counts were performed at the end of the duration of infestation for groups 1–5 and at 48 h for the control group. For group 6, 50 live C felis-infected adult A americanum were mixed with food and fed to each of the cats. Transmission of C felis was determined by examining blood of cats by DNA extraction followed by PCR.

Results

Of 50 ticks placed on each cat (groups 1–5 and 7), the arithmetic mean attachment ± SEM ranged from 46.9 ± 1.9 in group 3 to 49.3 ± 0.3 in group 1. In group 6, the average number ± SEM of ticks ingested was 46.5 ± 2.3. One cat in group 5 that had been infested for 48 h became infected with C felis. None of the cats in group 6 (ingestion) became infected with C felis. Six of 7 (85.7%) cats in group 7, the control group, became infected with C felis.

Conclusions and relevance

Our results indicate that transmission of C felis to domestic cats can happen as quickly as >36 h but ⩽48 h of exposure to A americanum infected with C felis and that ingestion of C felis-infected A americanum is not a likely route of transmission.
The effectiveness of Lee Silverman Voice Treatment therapy issued interactively through an iPad device: A non-inferiority study
Authors: Griffin Murray , Bentley John , Shanks Joseph , Wood Carly
Published: February 2017

Introduction

This study compared the differences in recorded speech variables between people treated with conventional ‘in person’ Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT) and those treated remotely via iPad-based ‘Facetime’.

Method

Eight participants were selected for the iPad LSVT, and 21 similarly matched subjects were selected from existing data to form the ‘in person’ group. Participants in both groups had diagnosed idiopathic Parkinson’s disease and moderate hypokinetic dysarthria. Eighteen sessions of prescribed LSVT comprising a pre-treatment assessment, 16 treatment sessions, and a six months’ post-treatment assessment were administered for each person. In both groups, pre- and post-treatment assessments were conducted face-to-face. Performance measures were recorded during assessment and treatment. Average measures were determined for all tasks at all time points and a summary outcome variable was composed from across-task performance.

Results

Non-inferiority testing confirmed that iPad LSVT was non-inferior in treating all LSVT task 3 variables except generating words, with the 90% upper confidence intervals (CI) lying between the non-inferiority margin of ± 2.25 and zero. The iPad was superior in treating the task 3 rainbow reading passage and describing motor task variables with upper and lower 90% CI values being negative. The improvement in the summary outcome variable score was also superior in the iPad group.

Discussion

Non-inferiority testing implies that the iPad LSVT is non-inferior in treating task three variables when compared to traditional LSVT. The study supports further development of remote delivery solutions involving the Apple iPad and ‘Facetime’ system as a means of improving access to services and the participant’s experience.
Multimodal Imaging of Patients With Gliomas Confirms 11C-MET PET as a Complementary Marker to MRI for Noninvasive Tumor Grading and Intraindividual Follow-Up After Therapy
Authors: Laukamp Kai R. , Lindemann Florian , Weckesser Matthias , Hesselmann Volker , Ligges Sandra , Wölfer Johannes , Jeibmann Astrid , Zinnhardt Bastian , Viel Thomas , Schäfers Michael , Paulus Werner , Stummer Walter , Schober Otmar , Jacobs Andreas H.
Published: February 2017

The value of combined L-( methyl-[11C]) methionine positron-emitting tomography (MET-PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with regard to tumor extent, entity prediction, and therapy effects in clinical routine in patients with suspicion of a brain tumor was investigated. In n = 65 patients with histologically verified brain lesions n = 70 MET-PET and MRI (T1-weighted gadolinium-enhanced [T1w-Gd] and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery or T2-weighted [FLAIR/T2w]) examinations were performed. The computer software “visualization and analysis framework volume rendering engine (Voreen)” was used for analysis of extent and intersection of tumor compartments. Binary logistic regression models were developed to differentiate between World Health Organization (WHO) tumor types/grades. Tumor sizes as defined by thresholding based on tumor-to-background ratios were significantly different as determined by MET-PET (21.6 ± 36.8 cm3), T1w-Gd-MRI (3.9 ± 7.8 cm3), and FLAIR/T2-MRI (64.8 ± 60.4 cm3; P < .001). The MET-PET visualized tumor activity where MRI parameters were negative: PET positive tumor volume without Gd enhancement was 19.8 ± 35.0 cm3 and without changes in FLAIR/T2 10.3 ± 25.7 cm3. FLAIR/T2-MRI visualized greatest tumor extent with differences to MET-PET being greater in posttherapy (64.6 ± 62.7 cm3) than in newly diagnosed patients (20.5 ± 52.6 cm3). The binary logistic regression model differentiated between WHO tumor types (fibrillary astrocytoma II n = 10 from other gliomas n = 16) with an accuracy of 80.8% in patients at primary diagnosis. Combined PET and MRI improve the evaluation of tumor activity, extent, type/grade prediction, and therapy-induced changes in patients with glioma and serve information highly relevant for diagnosis and management.
Intuitive Cognition
Authors: Patterson Robert Earl , Eggleston Robert G.
Published: February 2017

In the naturalistic decision-making literature, intuitive cognition is at the heart of a pattern recognition–based decision model called the recognition-primed decision model. Given the importance of intuitive cognition in naturalistic decision-making theory, we explore the question of what makes intuitive cognition effective for decision making and, in so doing, present an extended empirical and theoretical foundation for the intuitive component in naturalistic decision making. We theorize that intuitive cognition is effective because it (1) possesses a capability for grounded, situational meaning making (sign interpretation); (2) is operative over extended work intervals involving interruptions; and (3) is instrumental in handling situated complexities of everyday living. Other characteristics of intuitive cognition and its foundations are discussed. We propose that intuitive cognition represents the core of cognition—grounded, situational meaning making—whereas analytical cognition represents a form of an intellectual exoskeleton that provides added capabilities (e.g., working memory).