bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interregional cooperation in the development of region industry in the context of economic sanctions
Authors: Gataullin R. F. , Chuvashaeva E. R.
Published: September 2022

Increasing the competitiveness of industrial production largely depends on the development of interregional cooperation, which implies a deepening of specialization. The other side of cooperation is the expansion of interregional exchange. In modern conditions, cooperation and exchange ties extend not only to the domestic market, but also to the external one. Dependence on foreign markets has already become decisive for many countries today. Different regions of Russia depend on foreign markets in different ways. These differences also apply to activities. The article discusses the content and tasks of restructuring ties for cooperation in the industry of the Republic of Bashkortostan in the context of economic sanctions. Among the emerging problems are the narrowing of sales markets, breaks in technological chains and the associated decrease in the level of innovation and competitiveness of enterprises. The mechanism for restoring the integrity of production chains is shown, including the reorientation of the exchange to friendly countries, the search for and finding sources of goods and services within the country, for which it is proposed to organize joint production of components and expand their existing production facilities, with the involvement of potential consumers.
The review (typology) of small and medium-sized business in Russia and abroad
Authors: Glukhov K. V. , Smolina D. A.
Published: September 2022

The article examines the problem of classification of small and medium-sized business in Russia, which is relevant due to the increase in state support for them, in order to increase the targeting of the support provided. The article also discusses the development of small and medium-sized business in Russia since the end of the previous century, its gradually changing legislative regulation and comparison of criteria for classification of small and medium-sized business in Russia and foreign countries. In addition, the question is raised about small and medium-sized business falling out of the official classification, while, by their nature of activity, do not cease to be such and possible causes of this phenomenon. In order to resolve controversial issues of classification, some assumptions and possible ways to solve are put forward in the article on the basis of the conducted research that can eliminate gaps in legislation. Within the framework of writing this article, such scientific research methods were used as analysis and generalization of domestic and foreign anti-crisis measures.
Thiol and H2S Mediated NO Generation from Nitrate at Copper(II)
Authors: Ghosh Pokhraj , Stauffer Molly , Ahmed Md Estak , Bertke Jeffery , Staples Richard , Warren Timothy
Published: September 2022

Nitrate fertilizer runoff poses chemical challenge for their remedial as relatively inert nitrate-oxoanions require stringent conditions for reduction. We present a novel strategy of using thiols RSH that represent biologically relevant reductants to convert nitrate to NO at a Cu(II) center under mild conditions with formation of disulfides RSSR. The bidentate b-diketiminato complex [Cl2NNF6]Cu(κ2-O2NO) engages in O-atom transfer (OAT) with various thiols (RSH) to form sulfenic acid (RSOH). Mechanistic studies indicate formation of the copper(II) nitrite complex [Cl2NNF6]Cu(κ2-O2N) upon OAT that further reacts with RSH to give S-nitrosothiols RSNO and [CuII]2(m-OH)2 en route to NO formation with [CuII]-SR intermediates. H2S, a physiologically potent agent and thiol congener, also reduces nitrate at copper(II) to NO generation, providing a lens into NO3-/H2S cross-talk in the biological milieu.
Microsampling tools for collecting, processing, and storing blood at the point-of-care
Authors: Baillargeon Keith , Mace Charles
Published: September 2022

In the wake of the COVID-19 global pandemic, self-administered microsampling tools have reemerged as an effective means to maintain routine healthcare assessments without inundating hospitals or clinics. Fingerstick collection of blood is easily performed at home, in the workplace, or at the point-of-care, obviating the need for a trained phlebotomist. While the initial collection of blood is facile, the diagnostic or clinical utility of the sample is dependent on how the sample is processed and stored prior to transport to an analytical laboratory. The past decade has seen incredible innovation for the development of new materials and technologies to collect low-volume samples of blood with excellent precision that operate independently of the hematocrit effect. The final application of that blood (i.e., the test to be performed) ultimately dictates the collection and storage approach as certain materials or chemical reagents can render a sample diagnostically useless. Consequently, there is not a single microsampling tool that is capable of addressing every clinical need at this time. In this review, we highlight technologies designed for patient-centric microsampling blood at the point-of-care and discuss their utility for quantitative sampling as a function of collection material and technique. In addition to surveying methods for collecting and storing whole blood, we emphasize the need for direct separation of the cellular and liquid components of blood to produce cell-free plasma to expand clinical utility. Integrating advanced functionality while maintaining simple user operation presents a viable means of revolutionizing self-administered microsampling, establishing new avenues for innovation in materials science, and expanding access to healthcare.
Polymer polymorphs from crystalline acrylamide with high pressure: an ab initio investigation
Authors: V. Valappil Rashid Rafeek , Maity Sayan , Anshu Ashwini , Ramaniah Lavanya M. , Srinivasan Varadharajan
Published: September 2022

Varying the rate of hydrostatic pressure on a material is known to give rise to different polymorphic structures of the material. Here, we present a first-principles density functional theoretic (DFT) study of the effect of changing the compression rate on the polymerization of crystalline acrylamide, using static optimization (0 K) as well as ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) at room temperature (RT). Several polymer structures are found to be accessible at 0 K, with the structure obtained depending on the optimization method (rate). The polymer obtained by slow compression at 23 GPa is the global minimum, while metastable polymers were obtained by rapid compression. Detailed RT AIMD simulations with slow compression (SC) at 0.4 GPa/ps and with rapid compression (RC) at 2 GPa/ps, confirmed that the polymorphs obtained depend on the compression rate as a reduction in the polymerization pressure by almost 25 GPa was observed by RC, as compared to SC. These results should be of interest to the polymer industry. The detailed mechanisms leading to polymerization are elucidated in terms of hydrogen bond re-orientation and a topochemical parameter for these polymer polymorphs. The structures of these interesting polymer polymorphs are described, as they can lead to a variety of applications when synthesized in laboratory experiments.
Principle of electrospray ion and discussion on the application of ion migrate and transport mechanism
Authors: luo jiehong
Published: September 2022

Since the electrospray phenomenon was discovered, there is still a debate about how the material is charged in the soft ionization phenomenon represented by ESI. Scientists have described this process from different perspectives, but current theories still can not correctly explain many experimental phenomena. At the same time, the immaturity of the ion source theory restricts the application of soft ionization techniques, the slow development of the theory restricts the design and development of ion source, making the ion source encounter many bottlenecks from the laboratory to commercialization. In this paper, the principle of electrospray ion source is briefly introduced, and the application of ion migrate and transport mechanism is discussed and prospected.
The Structure of Classifier Constructions and Some Related Theoretical Issues
Authors:   Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, China, Yang Yongzhong
Published: September 2022

Some questions regarding the analysis of classifiers and classifier constructions are raised in this paper. The classifier, as a mere adjunct adjoining to the head, cannot serve as the head of the noun phrase containing it, and as a result, it cannot project as ClP or nP. Under this approach, the DP analysis and the classifier construction theory are further refined. The constituents which precede and follow the classifier are analyzed in terms of their syntactic functions, semantic relations, linear features, feature assignment and syntactic occurrence in order to represent the classifier construction with the X-bar phrase structure theory appropriately and correctly and present a universal approach to classifier constructions in various languages.
Nodal andchurchill1position the expression of a notch ligand duringXenopusgerm layer segregation
Authors: Favarolo María Belén , Revinski Diego R , Garavaglia Matías J , López Silvia L
Published: September 2022

In vertebrates, Nodal signaling plays a major role in endomesoderm induction, but germ layer delimitation is poorly understood. In avian embryos, the neural/mesoderm boundary is controlled by the transcription factor CHURCHILL1, presumably through the repressor ZEB2, but there is scarce knowledge about its role in other vertebrates. During amphibian gastrulation, Delta/Notch signaling refines germ layer boundaries in the marginal zone, but it is unknown the place this pathway occupies in the network comprising Churchill1 and Nodal. Here, we show thatXenopus churchill1is expressed in the presumptive neuroectoderm at mid-blastula transition and during gastrulation, upregulateszeb2, preventsdll1expression in the neuroectoderm, and favors neuroectoderm over endomesoderm development. Nodal signaling preventsdll1expression in the endoderm but induces it in the presumptive mesoderm, from where it activates Notch1 and its target genehes4in the non-involuting marginal zone. We propose a model where Nodal and Churchill1 position Dll1/Notch1/Hes4 domains in the marginal zone, ensuring the delimitation between mesoderm and neuroectoderm.
Antibacterial activity of asam gelugur (Garcinia atroviridis Griff) fruit extract
against foodborne pathogens and its effect on microbial population in raw
chicken
Authors: Khan S. , Jaafar A.H. , Rukayadi Y.
Published: September 2022

Foodborne illness has a major impact on public health and is a major concern worldwide.
The awareness about foodborne pathogens has increased among consumers because of
their significant impact on public health. Moreover, research on safe natural plant products
possessing antimicrobial activities against foodborne pathogens is vital because many
consumers prefer natural compounds to synthetic ones. This study aimed to determine the
antibacterial activity of Garcinia atroviridis Griff against foodborne pathogens and to
evaluate the effect of the fruit extract in the microbial population in raw chicken meat at
different concentrations and temperatures during storage. The antibacterial activity of G.
atroviridis Griff was assessed using disc diffusion assay (DDA), minimum inhibitory
concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The DDA results
showed that the inhibition zone of the extract ranged from 6.50±0.50 to 11.00±0.00 mm.
The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations
(MBC) values of the extract ranged from 3.13 to 25.00 mg/mL and 6.25 to 25.00 mg/mL,
respectively. G. atroviridis Griff maintained its antibacterial activity after being treated
with different temperatures (4˚C, 25˚C, 60˚C and 80˚C) and various pH ranges (pH 3.0,
7.0, and 9.0). A 5.00% concentration of extract can reduce the microbial population in the
raw chicken and maintain its microbiological quality with longer exposure within 21 days
in storage conditions at chiller and freezer temperature. The findings showed that the asam
gelugur extract might be used as a natural alternative preservative for reducing the
microbial population in raw chicken and maintaining its microbiological quality during
storage prior to cooking.
The Relationship Between Audit Services and Non-Audit Actuarial Services in the Auditor’s Report
Authors: Abass Zeina Khdier , Flayyih Hakeem Hammood , Hasan Sarah Isam
Published: September 2022

Purpose: In view of the trend toward using international financial reporting standards when generating financial statements, we looked at the interaction between audit services and non-audit services for auditors in the context of actuarial services for insurance firms. CPAs are authorized to work in banks and insurance businesses, but those with a practicing license obtained after earning a higher academic degree are not.

Design/methodology/approach: A small number of auditing firms control the decisions issued by the Iraqi Accountants Association, monopolizing audit services in banks and insurance businesses. In the case of actuarial services used in reserve estimation, they are credited to an external party's account without any verification of the Reliability of the reserve estimation procedure.

Originality/value: In addition to audit services, a scale has been developed to examine the auditors' non-audit actuarial services. The financial reporting rules for insurance contracts 17 and the examinations for acquiring an actuarial certificate in the United States of America are used to create this scale.

Findings: The findings show that there is no substantial relationship between the two services supplied, and we recommend that the actuarial services be audited by specialist international companies that support the auditors' judgment on the computation of expected reserves in the financial accounts. Conducting specialist courses in the actuarial profession, and obtaining this credential is a requirement for auditing insurance companies.
Can high COVID-19 vaccination rates in adults help protect unvaccinated children? Evidence from a unique mass vaccination campaign, Schwaz/Austria, March 2021
Authors: Winner Hannes , Kimpel Janine , Krammer Florian , von Laer Dorothee , Paetzold Jörg
Published: September 2022

Background

After an outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 Beta variant in the district of Schwaz/Austria, vaccination with Comirnaty vaccine (BNT162b2 mRNA, BioNTech-Pfizer) had been offered to all adult inhabitants (≥ 16 years) in March 2021. This made Schwaz one of the most vaccinated regions in Europe at that time (70% of the adult population took up the offer). In contrast, all other Austrian districts remained with low vaccine coverage.

Aim

We studied whether this rapid mass vaccination campaign provided indirect protection to unvaccinated individuals such as children (< 16 years) living in the same district.

Methods

To study the effect of the campaign we used two complementary approaches. We compared infection rates among the population of children (< 16 years) in Schwaz with (i) the child population from similar districts (using the synthetic control method), and (ii) with the child population from municipalities along the border of Schwaz not included in the campaign (using an event study approach).

Results

Before the campaign, we observed very similar infection spread across the cohort of children in Schwaz and the control regions. After the campaign, we found a significant reduction of new cases among children of −64.5% (95%-CI: −82.0 to −30.2%) relative to adjacent border municipalities (using the event study model). Employing the synthetic control method, we observed a significant reduction of −42.8% in the same cohort.

Conclusion

Our results constitute novel evidence of an indirect protection effect from a group of vaccinated individuals to an unvaccinated group.
BOOK REV.: TOSHCHENKO, ZH.T. (ED.) (2021), PRECARIOUS EMPLOYMENT. ORIGINS, CRITERIA, FEATURES, VES’ MIR, MOSCOW, RUSSIA
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Kozin Sergei V.
Published: September 2022

This article is a review of the collective monograph “Precarious employment. Origins, criteria, features” prepared by staff-fellows of the Sociology Faculty of the Russian State University for the Humanities. The monograph covers the criteria of precarious employment and the specifics of precariousness in the fields of industry, construction, transport, culture, education, health care, science, and agriculture. Some chapters describe certain aspects of precariousness: hidden forms of remuneration, manifestations of precariousness in the production organization, etc.
Going qual in: Towards methodologically inclusive data work in academic libraries
Authors: Hagman Jessica , Bussell Hilary
Published: September 2022

Data literacy and research data services are a growing part of the work of academic libraries. Data in this context is often presumed to mean only numeric data or statistics, leaving open the question of what role qualitative research plays in services and programming for research data and data literacy. In this paper, we report on the results of interviews with academic librarians about their understanding of data literacy, qualitative research, and academic library infrastructure around qualitative research. From the interviews, we propose a model of data literacy that incorporates both interpretive and instrumental elements. We conclude with suggestions for incorporating qualitative data and analysis methods into academic library programming and services around data literacy and research data.
Tekanan Penduduk dan Daya Dukung Lahan Padi Gogo di Kecamatan Mustikajaya Kota Bekasi
Authors: Rachmansyah M. Deni , Ekowati Titik , Dyah Prastiwi Wahyu
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to analyse the population pressure and the carrying capacity of agricultural land (upland rice). The benefit of the research was to provide information for young farmers as a form of consideration for clearing agricultural land from the income used by the population. The research was carried out from September-November Year of 2021 in The District of Mustikajaya, Bekasi City. This research used descriptive quantitative approach with a survey method. Determination of the location was based on the need for high managed land and conversion of upland rice. Types of research data in the form of primary data and secondary data. Data collection methods included interviews, documentation, and literature study. The sampling method was a proportional sampling method. Analysis of the data in this study is Analysis of Population Pressure Index (PPI) and Analysis of Carrying Capacity Land (CCL). The results showed that the PPI value in The District of Mustikajaya was 1.55 people/ha and the CCL value for Upland Rice was 0.65 ha. The conclusions of the study are 1) Population pressure in The District of Mustikajaya has exceeded the threshold for agricultural land; 2) The carrying capacity of upland rice fields in The District of Mustikajaya is low.
Pengaruh Intensi Terhadap Keputusan Petani Menanam Bawang Merah di Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan
Authors: Bahrun Okti Diana , Adhi Andriyono Kilat , Burhanuddin Burhanuddin
Published: September 2022

The aims of this study were: (1) to analyze the decision of farmers in Pesisir Selatan Regency to plant shallots, (2) to analyze the intention of farmers in Pesisir Selatan Regency to plant shallots, (3) to analyze the factors that influence the decision of farmers in Pesisir Selatan Regency to plant shallots. The research adopts the theory of planned behavior and the ERG motivation theory. The research was conducted in Pesisir Selatan Regency, West Sumatra Province. This study uses primary data, which was collected through structured interviews. The research respondents were 60 farmers in Pesisir Selatan Regency. The analysis used the descriptive method and partial least square (PLS) method. The results of the analysis showed that most of the farmers in Pesisir Selatan Regency decided not to plant shallots in the next season. The intention of farmers in Pesisir Selatan Regency to plant shallots is in the high category. The decision of farmers in Pesisir Selatan Regency to plant shallots is directly and significantly positively influenced by the intention of farmers to plant shallots; and the intention of farmers to plant shallots directly and significantly positively influenced by the social norms held by farmers. Social norms are the only factor that has an indirect and significant positive effect on the decision of farmers in Pesisir Selatan Regency to plant shallots.
PEMANFAATAN BAKTERI DARI USUS IKAN KELABAU (Osteochilus melanopleurus) DALAM MENGHADAPI INFEKSI BAKTERI Pseudomonas sp.
Authors: Agustina Agustina , Prayitno Slamet Budi , Sabdono Agus , Saptiani Gina
Published: September 2022

Bakteri Pseudomonas sp. cukup banyak ditemukan menginfeksi ikan air tawar yang dibudidayakan di sepanjang Sungai Mahakam Provinsi Kalimantan Timur. Pemanfaatan bakteri dari usus ikan lokal yaitu ikan kelabau (Osteochilus melanopleurus) sebagai kandidat probiotik diharapkan lebih aman untuk mengendalikan infeksi tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisa kemampuan empat isolat bakteri dari usus ikan kelabau yaitu BPs1, BPs2, BP3 dan BeP1 secara in vivo pada ikan kelabau dalam menghadapi infeksi bakteri Pseudomonas sp., yang meliputi tingkat kelangsungan hidup, jumlah bakteri patogen dalam darah dan parameter hematologi ikan kelabau. Ikan kelabau dengan berat 10,23±0,75 g masing-masing sebanyak 10 ekor dipelihara dalam akuarium dengan volume 30 L. Ikan diberi pakan komersil yang sebelumnya disemprot dengan isolat bakteri pada konsentrasi 106 CFU/mL dengan dosis 0,05 mL/g, sedangkan perlakuan kontrol pakan diberi larutan Phosphat Buffer Saline dengan dosis yang sama. Ikan diberi pakan tiga kali sehari secara at satiation dan penambahan bakteri dalam pakan dilakukan satu kali pada pagi hari. Perlakuan pakan diberikan sampai 13 hari, pada hari ke-14 ikan diuji tantang dengan bakteri Pseudomonas sp. yang diinjeksikan secara intramuscular dengan konsentrasi 106 CFU/mL dengan dosis 0,1 mL/ ikan. Ikan selanjutnya diamati sampai hari ke-21. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa penambahan isolat bakteri dari usus ikan kelabau mampu menekan infeksi Pseudomonas sp. Daya lindung terbaik ditunjukkan oleh isolat BPs2 (Staphylococcus edaphicus MT 269536) berupa tingkat kelangsungan hidup ikan, jumlah bakteri patogen dalam darah dan parameter hematologi dibanding perlakuan lain terutama kontrol (p>0.05). Berdasarkan hal tersebut bakteri dari usus ikan kelabau berpotensi sebagai probiotik dalam budidaya ikan air tawar.
Disfunção Sexual Persistente e Antidepressivos Inibidores Seletivos da Recaptação da Serotonina: Mito ou Realidade?
Authors: Marinho Figueiredo Carlos José , Silva Castro Faria Freitas José Diogo , Ferreira Maria do Céu
Published: September 2022

Os antidepressivos inibidores seletivos da recaptação da serotonina são psicofármacos frequentemente utilizados na prática clínica pelas especialidades de Medicina Geral e Familiar e de Psiquiatria no tratamento de perturbações depressivas e de ansiedade. As elevadas prescrições desta classe de antidepressivos resultam do seu concomitante perfil de eficácia, segurança e tolerabilidade.É clinicamente consensual que esta classe farmacológica pode interferir nas várias fases da resposta sexual durante o tratamento antidepressivo. No entanto, têm sido reportados cada vez mais casos na literatura em que a disfunção sexual não é reversível após a suspensão do fármaco, configurando uma nova entidade clínica persistente, cujo substrato patofisiológico se encontra presentemente sob intensa investigação científica. Rever a literatura recentemente publicada neste âmbito e consciencializar os clínicos para esta nova entidade revela-se uma prioridade com potenciais implicações, particularmente ao nível da abordagem de patologias psiquiátricas tão prevalentes na sociedade atual.
The road to championship: An example of an individual with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: SAROL Halil , GÜRKAN Rıfat Kerem , GÜRBÜZ Bülent
Published: September 2022

The aim of this research is to investigate the road to championship of an individual with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) who began physical activity in childhood under parental influence and won medals in competition as an athlete. In this research, founded on the phenomenological pattern from qualitative research models, data were collected in a semi-structured interview. Face-to-face interviews were held with the family, coach and the research participant. The content analysis method was used. The individual with ASD began a physical activity program in a special education center in childhood under parental influence and psychiatric referral. The individual with ASD continued in long-term regular physical activity. It was stated that physical activity provided many benefits like socialization, healthy lifestyle, development of motor skills. With the awareness of the individual’s ability for physical activity, they were directed toward a sport with parental support and through a coach. In conclusion, parental influence on physical activity and sport was effective in the individual with ASD to begin. Physical activity and sport also provided many significant benefits, and these benefits were effective in the continuation. The individual was observed to achieve success in their sports discipline as a result of this process.
Uso da história em quadrinhos como ferramenta de divulgação do conhecimento sobre Anisakis spp. e formas de prevenção da anisaquíase, em evento de divulgação científica
Authors: Caldeira Andreia Juliana Rodrigues , Santos Maria João
Published: September 2022

As narrativas visuais, como os quadrinhos, são ferramentas populares que podem contribuir com a educação e comunicação científica. Dentro dessa perspectiva, este trabalho relata o impacto do uso de quadrinhos na disseminação do conhecimento sobre segurança alimentar de peixes em um evento de divulgação científica (Porto/Portugal). Para a ocasião, foi criada uma história, que descrevia o conceito sobre Anisakis spp. e maneiras de prevenir a anisaquíase. O enredo dos quadrinhos envolveu os participantes, de forma clara e direta, representando uma estratégia eficiente de divulgação científica abrangente e simplificadora, para diferentes públicos. Destaca-se aqui a importância da produção de novos conhecimentos, que ampliem o diálogo das áreas da saúde, ciência e tecnologia com a sociedade, além disso, torna-se urgente aumentar investimentos e promover a formação avançada e continuada de divulgadores da ciência.
LGBTI+fobia virtual: notas sobre uma etnografia em comunidades virtuais no Facebook
Authors: Silva Adriano da , Njaine Kathie , Batista Moreira Oliveira Queiti
Published: September 2022

O artigo discute a LGBTI+fobia em ambientes virtuais, a partir de etnografia virtual realizada em duas comunidades virtuais no Facebook, “Brasil sem ideologia de gênero” e “Não à ditadura gay”. A observação silenciosa (lurking) ocorreu no período 2018 a 2019, sendo analisadas 75 postagens. Seguiu-se um roteiro que buscou identificar as características dos membros, o perfil de interação, a arquitetura das comunidades, e também a percepção dos membros sobre expressões de sexualidade e gênero dissidentes da heteronormatividade. A LGBTI+fobia começa a ficar mais perceptível a partir de discursos de ódio de natureza ultraconservadora e simbólica, que se utiliza de elementos como humor, política, desinformação, e deturpação de dados científicos, visando deslegitimar a existência da população LGBTI+, justificar a retirada de direitos, e minimizar suas pautas. Destacou-se a necessidade de observação das plataformas responsáveis por esses ambientes digitais, como também a importância de uma alfabetização digital da população, de modo a capacitá-la ao uso crítico e responsável desses ambientes digitais.
Quando se fecha os olhos e vê: por uma metodologia afetiva
Authors: Queiroz Veronica Santana
Published: September 2022

Decolonizar a construção de conhecimento é uma experiência de enfrentamento de um modo de ‘fazer científico’ que se tornou hegemônico nas universidades brasileiras, centralizado na razão cartesiana e pautado em métodos coloniais, rígidos e disciplinados. Apresento uma experiência metodológica de se fazer pesquisa guiada pelos afetos, inspirada na escrevivência de Conceição Evaristo, escritora, acadêmica e militante. Exponho, no presente artigo, o fluxo metodológico que foi acontecendo ao escrever a minha tese acreditando ter sido esse um caminho afetivo-metodológico. Tal fluxo metodológico se mostra pertinente, já que evidencia outra forma de construção de conhecimento pautado em bases contra-hegemônicas, quais sejam: a escolha de uma categoria de análise subjetiva (os afetos) e o desenvolvimento de uma análise subjetiva; a integração entre a pessoa que pesquisa e o material pesquisado; a interdisciplinaridade como forma de ampliação do olhar e, portanto, da pesquisa; a conexão entre os afetos e a escrita.
Responsabilização em más condutas científica: opinião de editores SciELO
Authors: Damasio Edilson
Published: September 2022

Responsabilização (accountability) em comunicação e editoração científica é um importante tema em ética e integridade em pesquisa, e um dos grandes desafios atuais da ciência. Este artigo apresenta um estudo descritivo sobre a responsabilização e os seus atores na comunicação científica (autores, revisores, editores), partindo da questão da responsabilização desses atores e das más condutas científicas vista por editores de revista SciELO do Brasil e de países da América Latina. Apresenta resultados a partir da visão dos editores em que os autores são responsáveis, e, parcialmente, os revisores e os próprios editores.
A pesquisa científica na era do Big data: cinco maneiras que mostram como o Big data prejudica a ciência, e como podemos salvá-la
Authors: Saldanha Raphael de Freitas
Published: September 2022

O livro A pesquisa científica na era do Big data: cinco maneiras que mostram como o Big data prejudica a ciência, e como podemos salvá-la, de Sabina Leonelli, publicado pela Editora Fiocruz em 2022, explora em seus capítulos as definições do termo Big data e os seus impactos negativos na pesquisa científica. Em seguida, a autora revela uma nova abordagem epistemológica para o Big data e, por fim, apresenta um conjunto de propostas para a pesquisa científica. A revisão e atualização de definições, tanto quanto as importantes reflexões e os questionamentos por um uso consciente do Big data na pesquisa científica fazem com que a obra adicione importantes contribuições à biblioteca do pesquisador de informação e comunicação em saúde.
The Impact of the Ukraine-Russia Conflict on the Aviation Sector: February-May 2022
Authors: AKBARLI Araz , ÖNDEŞ Ezgi Begüm , GEZER Dilek , AÇIKEL Birsen
Published: September 2022

Aviation; it is a global sector that affects many areas such as education, trade, tourism, and is also affected by many situations such as epidemics, economic fluctuations, political disagreements and military intervention. For this reason, the disagreement between Ukraine and Russia also quietly affects the aviation industry. Although disagreements seem to continue between the two countries, issues such as the closure of airspaces, changes in flight costs as a result of changing routes, the situation of aircraft and component manufacturers, tourism and aviation security concern aviation globally. In this study, which was conducted to reveal the impact of the Ukraine-Russia conflict on the aviation sector, case study research, one of the qualitative research methods, was used. In a four-month period, sources such as newspaper news, internet news sites, websites of authorities were scanned, and it was tried to reveal how the conflict was reflected in the aviation industry. This method was chosen considering that it is suitable for this study in terms of revealing what happened in the past, how people were affected, how the processes took place, and what the results were. Between February 24 and March 2, when the disagreements between the two countries began, all flights to Ukraine were stopped, while air traffic in neighbouring countries decreased. International passenger traffic of Russian airlines decreased by at least four times in March 2022 compared to March 2021, and by sixteen times compared to March 2019. The Ukraine-Russia conflict also negatively affected the flight times of passenger flights between East and West. As a result of the study, the great impact of the four-month period, which is thought to be short, on the aviation sector has been tried to be revealed.
Peripheral neuro-regeneration: A narrative review of the mechanism and complications
Authors: Vinícius Benatti Freire  , Lívia Ayres Mendes Khair  , Mário Henrique de Lima Martinelli  , Lucas Cressoni de Souza  , Milena Ramos de Souza  , Thays Illane Ledo de Faria  , Amanda Gabriela Marangoni de Moraes  , Steffany Eduarda Barbosa da Silva  , Nicolas Vitorino Thoröe Scherb  , Abraão Filipe Nascimento Reis dos Santos  , Gabriela Godinho Gutierres
Published: September 2022

Neuroplasticity differs from neuroregeneration, although both phenomena propose functional recovery after injury. The difference between both is evidenced in terms of recovery time, molecular reaction, gene and molecular expression, as well as conceptual. In this paper, we show the process of peripheral neuroregeneration and some differences between the neuroplasticity of the peripheral and central nervous system, as well as some complications of the process of neuroregeneration of the peripheral nervous system. To carry out the work, the PubMed platform was used with two batteries of descriptors to find the articles, in addition to filters that the platform provides for the selection of articles. In addition, some authors found in the platform search suggested the reading of other articles and these were included in this work according to the inclusion and exclusion methods. The process of peripheral neuroregeneration is complex, involving many signaling pathways, inflammatory and cellular response, and gene expression that favor neuroregeneration. It can be concluded that the mechanism of neuroregeneration consists of three main pillars that are pro-regenerative gene expression, inflammatory response, and Schwann cell action. However, it is not a perfect mechanism, and some complications have been evidenced.
In-vitro evaluation of antimicrobial properties of Nelumbo nucifera
Authors: Madhu Rajput  , Arvind Singh Jadon  , Poonam Bhadauriya
Published: September 2022

Antimicrobial property of Nelumbo nuciferawas evaluated. Flower and seed pod of Nelumbo nuciferawas collected, and identified. Morphologically, flowers were pink colored with smooth texture and seeds were dark brown. Powdered plant material was extracted by maceration method in ethanol. Ethanolic Extract of Flowers and seeds were dark brown, semisolid and percentage yields were 15.52 and 36.75% respectively. Various phytochemical tests were revealed that the carbohydrates and glycosides, proteins and free amino acids, fixed oils and fats, steroids and triterpenoids were present in both extracts. Antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH assay, the IC50 were calculated. Antimicrobial testing were performed against Gram positive (Staphylococcus Aureus) and Gram negative bacteria (Pseudomonas Aeruginosa) and strain of fungus (C. Albicans and A. Niger). Antimicrobial activities were estimated by disk diffusion method. It was observed that extract of flowers was more effective but extract of Seeds was less effective against Staphylococcus Aureus and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Cefotaxime was used as standard. Extract of flowers was equally effective against candida albicans and Aspergilusniger but extract of seeds was not effective against both fungal strains.
BURHÂNÜDDÎN EN-NESEFÎ VE İLMÎ KİŞİLİĞİ
Authors: FİDANBOY Ömer
Published: September 2022

Burhânüddîn en-Nesefî, (ö. 687/1289), 600/1203 yılında Mâverâünnehir bölgesinin Nesef kasabasında (günümüz Özbekistan’ın Karşi şehrinde) doğmuş önemli bir düşünürdür. Dehlî, Şâm ve Bağdât gibi dönemin önde gelen ilim merkezlerine ilim yolculukları düzenleyen Nesefî, İslâm tarihindeki en sıkıntılı siyâsî dalgalanmaların yaşandığı bir zaman dilimine tanıklık etmiş, birçok devletin kuruluş ile yıkılışlarına, yeni saltanatların ilânına ve İslâm dünyasındaki kanlı savaşlara şahit olmuştur. Böylesine kargaşalı dönemde yaşamasına rağmen iyi bir eğitim aşamasından geçip kendisini ilim meclislerine kabullendirmeyi başarmış, geri kalan hayatını tedrîsât faaliyetleriyle sürdürmüştür. Yaşamı boyunca batıl addettiği ideolojilerle ve bidʻat mezheplerle mücadele eden Nesefî, bunlara karşı tevhîd prensibini ve Ehl-i Sünnet’in temel inanç esaslarını savunmuştur. Fıkıhta Ebû Hanîfe’yi (ö. 150/767) takip etmekle birlikte, Gazzâlî (ö. 505/1111) ve Fahrüddîn er-Râzî (ö. 606/1210) gibi düşünürlerin etkisiyle i‘tikatta Eş‘arîliği benimsemiştir. Farklı alanlarda eserler ortaya koyan Nesefî, İslâm düşüncesine önemli katkılarda bulunmuşlardır.
TASAVVUF KLASİKLERİNİN HACI BEKTÂŞ-I VELÎ TASAVVUF DÜŞÜNCESİNDEKİ İZDÜŞÜMÜ -TASAVVUF KAVRAMLARI BAĞLAMINDA BİR İNCELEME-
Authors: ERKAYA Mahmud Esad
Published: September 2022

Hacı Bektâş-ı Velî, örnek yaşantısı ve tasavvuf anlayışıyla Anadolu insanının dinî ve tasavvufî düşüncesini şekillendirmiş önemli isimlerdendir. Onun temsil ettiği tasavvuf geleneğini anlamak, ona nispet edilen eserler üzerinde derinlemesine çalışmalar yapmaktan geçmektedir. Bu bağlamda makalede, Hacı Bektâş-ı Velî’nin tasavvuf kavramlarına yaklaşımı konu edinilmiştir. Çalışmada, Hacı Bektâş-ı Velî tasavvuf düşüncesini günümüze aktaran eserlerde tasavvuf kavramlarına dair yapılan tanımlar tespit edilerek tasavvuf ilminin sistemleştiği dönemde kaleme alınan temel tasavvuf klasiklerindeki tanımlar karşılaştırılmıştır. Böylece söz konusu eserlerin Hacı Bektâş-ı Velî’nin tasavvuf düşüncesine olan etkisi tasavvuf kavramları bağlamında tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Hacı Bektâş-ı Velî’nin bu eserlerde tanımladığı kavramlar arasında fakr, fenâ, mücâhede, tasavvuf, veli, yakîn, zühd gibi tasavvufî terbiyeye dair kavramların yanında îsâr, muhabbet, şükür, takvâ, tevbe ve tevekkül gibi tasavvuf ahlâkı kapsamında değerlendirilebilecek terimler olduğu görülmektedir. Bu terimleri açıklarken Hacı Bektâş-ı Velî’nin büyük oranda tasavvuf klasiklerindeki tanımları yansıttığı bununla birlikte onları kendine özgü bir üslûp ile izah ettiği anlaşılmaktadır.
ALLAH, GÖKYÜZÜ VE SOMUT İLİŞKİSİ: MÂİDE SÛRESİ 112-115. ÂYETLERİ ÖRNEKLEMİ
Authors: DÖNER Ertuğrul
Published: September 2022

Gökyüzü; yüksekliği, erişilmez görünen sınırları, göz alıcı manzarasıyla tarih boyunca insanların zihin dünyalarında oldukça önemli bir yere sahip olmuştur. Kimi toplumların inandıkları tanrı/lar da gökyüzünün özelliklerini anımsatan şekilde yüce, ihtişamlı, ulaşılmaz olarak tasavvur edilmiştir. Gökyüzü ve tanrının benzer niteliklere sahip olarak vasıflandırılması, tanrının ikamet ettiği yerin gökyüzü olması fikrinin oluşmasında etkili olmuştur. Bu düşünceyi Sümer, Akad, Babil, Hitit, Türk ve Çin gibi bazı toplumlarda ve Yahudilik, Hıristiyanlık ve İslam’da da görmek mümkündür. Mezkûr dinlerin, bahsi geçen düşünceye yönelik algılarını kendi kutsal metinleri üzerinden inceleyeceğiz. Çalışmamızın merkezinde ise Kur’ân’ı Kerîm yer alacaktır. Bu çalışmanın irdelediği diğer bir mesele de bazı insanların yanı sıra kimi peygamberlerin de kalplerinin mutmain olması gerekçesiyle talepte bulundukları şeyleri görme isteklerinin arka planıdır. İnsan, bazı bilgi ve inanç konularında kalbinde vehim taşıyabilir. Böylesi durumlar kişinin inanmasına bir engel teşkil etmese de kalpte bir itmi’nân boşluğu oluşturabilir. İşte kalplerinin mutmain olmasını gerekçe olarak öne süren bazı kimselerin, taleplerini şahsen tecrübe etme istenci de buna dayanmaktadır denebilir. Bu da kişide somut olanı deneyimleme arzusu uyandırarak kişinin talep ettiği şeyi görmek istemesine sebep olabilir. Buna istinaden çalışmamızda yer alan somut kelimesi, duyu organlarının vermiş olduğu bilginin kaynağı olan görme, tatma, hissetme gibi duyuları harekete geçiren unsurlara karşılık kullanılmaktadır. Bu çerçevede çalışmamız, Mâide sûresi 112-115. âyetleri; Havârilerin, Hz. Îsâ’nın, Rabbinden gökten bir sofra indirmesini talep etmelerini ve gerekçe olarak kalplerinin itmi’nân bulması şeklindeki sözlerini; gökyüzü, tanrı tasavvuru ve somut ilişkisi merkezinde ele alacaktır.
SARS-CoV-2 Enfeksiyonu ile İlişkili Yetişkinlerde Multisistemik İnflamatuar Sendrom (MIS-A); Literatür İncelemesi
Authors: yıldırım duygu ilke
Published: September 2022

SARS-CoV-2’nin tanımlanmasından bu yana COVID-19 hastalığı sonrası çocuklarda ortaya çıkan ve Kawasaki hastalığını taklit eden multisistem inflamatuar bir sendrom (MIS-C) İngiltere’de Nisan 2020’de bildirilir iken, yetişkinlerde ortaya çıkan COVID-19 ile ilişkili multisistem inflamatuar sendrom (MIS-A) Haziran 2020’de bildirilmiştir. MIS-A hastalarının literatürde 50 yaşına kadar olduğu bildirilmiş olup MIS-C ile karşılaştırıldığında altta yatan bazı sağlık koşullarına sahip olma ve yakın dönemde tanımlanabilir bir solunum yolu hastalığı geçirmiş olma olasılığı daha yüksektir. Diğer yandan MIS-A hastaları ile MIS-C hastaları örtüşen birçok klinik özelliğe sahiptir fakat MIS-A’da kardiyak disfonksiyonun ciddiyeti, tromboz insidansı ve MIS-A mortalitesi daha yüksek olabilir. MIS-C/A’da nötrofili, lenfopeni ve trombositopeninin yaygın olarak bulunduğu açık olmakla beraber bu özellikler troponin ve BNP/NT-proBNP’deki yükselmelerle birlikte hastalık aktivitesinin ölçüleri olarak kabul edilmiştir.
The Effect of Waiting Time for Surgery after Hip Fractures and the Covid-19 Pandemic on Mortality
Authors: kekec ahmet fevzi , kirilmaz alper , yaka haluk , colak Tahsin sami , semis Halil sezgin
Published: September 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, kalça kırığı tanısı almış yaşlı hastalarımızda pandemi öncesi ve sonrasında ameliyata alınma süresinin değişip değişmediğini ve bu durumun mortalitede artışa neden olup olmadığını incelemektir.
Hastalar ve Yöntem: Mart 2019-Mart 2020 tarihleri arasında kalça kırığı tanısı ile opere edilen hastalar pandemi öncesi dönem, Nisan 2020-Nisan 2021 tarihleri arasında kalça kırığı tanısı ile opere edilen hastalar ise pandemi dönemi olarak kabul edildi. Her iki grup; yaş, cinsiyet, cerrahiye kadar geçen süre, hastanede kalış süresi ve bir yıllık mortalite açısından karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: Mortaliteyi etkileyen tüm faktörler incelendiğinde, ameliyata kadar geçen sürenin mortaliteyi anlamlı olarak artırdığını gösterdi. Ameliyat için ortalama bekleme süresi tüm hastalarda 27,6±19,4 saat iken Grup 1'de 25,7±19,1 saat ve Grup 2'de 29,6±19,6 saat olup iki grup arasında anlamlı fark vardı. (p=0.043). Mortaliteye neden olan cerrahi bekleme süresinin cut-off değeri “23.35” saat olarak hesaplandı. Grup 1'de mortalitede anlamlı artış saptanmazken (p=0.340), Grup 2'de cerrahi gecikmenin artması mortaliteyi anlamlı olarak etkiledi (p=0.027).
Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, yaşlı popülasyonda kalça kırığı sonrası 23.35 saatin üzerinde cerrahi başvuru gecikmesindeki artışın bir yıllık mortalite ile doğrudan ilişkili olduğu gösterilmiştir, ayrıca pandemi koşullarında ameliyat için bekleme süresindeki artışın direkt olarak mortaliteyi olumsuz etkileyen faktörlerden biri olduğu düşünülmektedir.
ORTA ÖĞRETİM ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN MEKÂNSAL DÜŞÜNME BECERİLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: SERİNCİ Hüseyin , ÖZDEMİR Nevin
Published: September 2022

ÖZET

Çalışmanın amacı, orta öğretim kurumlarının 9 ve 12. Sınıf düzeyinde öğrenim gören öğrencilerin mekânsal düşünme becerilerinin incelenmesidir. Araştırma genel tarama modelinde nicel bir durum çalışmasıdır. Çalışma örneklemi, Çorum İli Merkez İlçesinde yer alan sosyal bilimler, fen, Anadolu ve meslek liseleri gibi farklı orta öğretim kurumlarında 2020-2021 eğitim öğretim yılında öğrenim gören, 400 kişilik öğrenci grubundan oluşmaktadır. Çalışma örneklemi tabakalı tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Örneklem tabakalarını lise türleri oluşturmakta olup, bu tabakalardan örneklemin seçimi rastgele veya tesadüfü örnekleme ile yapılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak Google formlar aracılığı ile hazırlanmış bir anket formu kullanılmıştır. Anketin birinci bölümünde sınıf, lise türü, cinsiyet gibi demografik sorular; ikinci bölümünde ise Mekânsal Düşünme Beceri Testi (MDBT) yer almaktadır. Bu anket formu pandemi koşulları nedeniyle çevrimiçi olarak öğrencilere gönderilmiştir. MDBT’nin yapı geçerliliği açıklayıcı faktör analizi (AFA) ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile de teyit edilmiştir ve MDBT’nin lise öğrencilerinin mekânsal düşünme becerilerini ölçmek için kullanılabilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek olduğuna karar verilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde demografik değişkenlerin MDBT puanları üzerindeki etkisini incelemek için veri yapısına göre Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon (MWW) veya Kruskal-Wallis testleri uygulanmıştır. Analiz sonuçları MDBT puanları üzerinde eğitim görülen orta öğretim türü, sınıf düzeyi, LGS puanı ile coğrafya sınav puanı değişkenlerde gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık olduğunu göstermiştir.
The Competitiveness of Turkey in the Foreign Trade with Georgia: Analysis with the Balassa RCA Index
Authors: PAKSADZE İmeda , ÇELİK Tuncay
Published: September 2022

Uzun yıllardır dış ticaret açığı probleminden kurtulamayan Türkiye’nin, dış ticarette özellikle komşularına karşı rekabet gücüne sahip olması son derece önemlidir. Komşularla ticaret nakliye avantajları nedeniyle dış ticarette karlılığı arttırırken ülkelerarası karşılıklı rekabet gücü ölçümü, bu ülkelerin hangi mal gruplarında uzmanlaşma gösterdiklerinin de belirlenmesi açısından ayrıca önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada dış ticaret ilişkileri çerçevesinde, Türkiye’nin Gürcistan pazarındaki rekabet gücünün genel analizi yapılmaktadır. Söz konusu çalışmada iki ülke arasında Covid-19 pandemisi öncesi ve sonrası ayrı ayrı incelenmiştir. Türkiye’nin Gürcistan’a göre karşılaştırmalı üstünlüğünü tespit etmek için 2019-2020 yılları ile sınırlandırılan çalışmada, Balassa (1977) tarafından geliştirilen ve rekabet gücü ile birlikte ülkelerin uzmanlaşma seviyesini de veren açıklanmış karşılaştırmalı üstünlük (AKÜ) endeksi hesaplanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre Türkiye’nin, Covid-19 pandemisinin başlangıcı olan 2019 yılı ilk yarısında Gürcistan’a karşı rekabet gücünün düştüğü, pandemi etkilerinin ağırlaştığı ve kapanmaların yaşandığı daha sonraki aylarda ise tekrar yükseldiği tespit edilmiştir. Türkiye’nin araştırma döneminde Gürcistan’a göre daha çok mal grubunda rekabet gücü üstünlüğüne sahip olduğu görülmüştür.