bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ВЛИЯНИЕ ПЛОСКОСТИ ЗАЛЕГАНИЯ ГРАНИЦЫ ЗЕРЕН НА ЗЕРНОГРАНИЧНУЮ САМОДИФФУЗИЮ
Authors: Векман А.В. , Демьянов Б.Ф.
Published: October 2024

Методами компьютерного моделирования проведено исследование зернограничной самодиффузии по несимметричным границам зерен с осью разориентации [111]. Угол разориентации несимметричных границ соответствует углу разориентации специальной границы зерен S13(134). Расчет проводился с использованием парного потенциала Морзе и многочастичного потенциала Клери-Розато. Показано, что структуру нессиметричных границ можно описать в модели структурных единиц – все границы содержат структурные элементы характерные для границы S13(134). Проведен расчет коэффициентов зернограничной диффузии и построены аррениусовские зависимости, по которым определены энергии активации диффузии. Зависимости имеют от двух до трех линейных участков. Обнаружено, что при высоких температурах зеренограничная область аморфизируется раньше прилегающих зерен. Это позволяет утверждать, что границы плавятся при более низких температурах, которые составили от 0,91 до 0,97 температуры плавления.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ МОДЕЛЕЙ МАШИННОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ В ЗАДАЧЕ ПРЕДСКАЗАНИЯ СВОЙСТВ ЭКЗОГЕННЫХ ФЛУОРОФОРОВ
Authors: Зарудских М.А. , Безносюк С.А.
Published: October 2024

В статье проанализирована эффективность использования различных моделей машинного обучения для предсказания спектральных свойств экзогенных флуорофоров, ключевых в диагностике онкозаболеваний. Исследуется применение алгоритмов ИИ для быстрого и экономически эффективного поиска новых флуорофоров, способствующих раннему выявлению рака. В статье оценивается эффективность различных моделей машинного обучения в предсказании свойств экзогенных флуорофоров, используемых в диагностике онкологических заболеваний. В работе исследуется применение алгоритмов искусственного интеллекта для быстрого поиска новых флуорофоров, способствующих раннему обнаружению рака. Особое внимание уделено оптической биопсии как неинвазивному методу исследования тканей для ранней диагностики патологий. В статье обобщаются данные из базы данных PubChem и GeoMcNamara и анализируются молекулярные свойства флуорофоров и их спектральные характеристики. Используя модели машинного обучения, такие как линейная регрессия, метод опорных векторов, случайный лес и XGBoost, получены результаты предсказания длины волны излучения для образцов флуорофоров. Результаты обучения и тестирования моделей свидетельствуют о высокой точности работы XGBoost и Random Forest. Исследование подчеркивает важность разработки эффективных флуорофоров для ранней диагностики рака и представляет модели машинного обучения в качестве инструментов для обработки и анализа данных в этой области, что позволяет акцентировать внимание на перспективности и применимости прогрессивных методов исследования в онкологии и медицинской химии.
КОНСТАНТЫ ДИССОЦИАЦИИ КВЕРЦЕТИНА. КВАНТОВО-ХИМИЧЕСКОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ
Authors: Мамылов С.Г. , Ломовский И.О. , Ломовский О.И.
Published: October 2024

Диссоциативные свойства кверцетина интенсивно исследуются как экспериментальными, так и модельными методами. Интерес обусловлен различными причинами. С одной стороны, исходный флавоноид слабо растворим в воде (на уровне 10-3 М). Перевод его в растворимую форму подразумевает взаимодействие с контрагентом, либо в среде растворителя, либо с выделением воды как продукта реакции. С другой стороны, актуальным остается вопрос максимального числа реагирующих групп: структурная формула кверцетина демонстрирует пять гидроксильных групп, способных вступать в реакции. Проведены квантово-химическое моделирование констант диссоциации кверцетина по пяти имеющимся в структуре гидроксильным группам и сравнение полученных констант с некоторыми обнаруженными экспериментально. Предложены маршруты диссоциации по возможным положениям (сайтам) гидроксильных групп в структурной формуле молекулы кверцетина. Квантово-химическое моделирование термодинамических параметров проводилось в программном пакете Гауссиан-09 (B3LYP/6-31+G**, влияние среды растворителя – модель PCM, SMD). Полученные результаты показывают, что более вероятными к диссоциации на начальном этапе (первая ступень) являются гидроксильные группы в положениях 5 и 7 структурной формулы кверцетина, что согласуется с литературными данными. Вторичная диссоциация гидроксигрупп вероятна из положений 5,7 и 4’ структурной формулы.
ВЛИЯНИЕ НАПЛАВКИ ПОРОШКОВОЙ ПРОВОЛОКОЙ НА СТРУКТУРНО-ФАЗОВОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ СТАЛИ 20
Authors: Смирнов А.Н. , Попова Н.А. , Абабков Н.В. , Никоненко E.Л. , Князьков В.Л. , Левашова Е.Е.
Published: October 2024

Методами просвечивающей дифракционной электронной микроскопии на тонких фольгах проведены исследования влияния металла наплавки, выполненной сварочной проволокой типа 35Х5ГФНВМ, на структуру подложки из стали 20. Выполнен количественный анализ изменения тонкой структуры материалов подложки и наплавки на различном расстоянии (0,5 и 3,0 мм) от линии сплавления. Определены морфологические составляющие структуры, их объемная доля и фазовый состав. Установлено, что в исходном состоянии сталь 20 представлена пластинчатым перлитом и ферритом. Наплавка сварочной проволокой привела к существенному разрушению пластинчатого перлита, полной фрагментации феррита, выделению мелких частиц цементита на границах и в стыках фрагментов феррита, созданию упруго-напряженного состояния матрицы стали и упрочнению подложки в 1,5 раза.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ТЕКСТУРЫ НА ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ТВЕРДОФАЗНОГО СОЕДИНЕНИЯ ТИТАНОВОГО СПЛАВА ВТ6 В УСЛОВИЯХ СВЕРХПЛАСТИЧНОСТИ
Authors: Мухаметрахимов М.Х.
Published: October 2024

Приведены результаты экспериментального исследования твердофазной свариваемости титанового сплава ВТ6 при температуре 900 °С в условиях сверхпластичности. В проведенных экспериментах по сварке изучены условия достижения качественного твердофазного соединения в различных структурных состояниях. При соединении образцов с микрокристаллическими и крупнокристаллическими структурами на качество сварных соединений оказывает влияние текстура материала. Известно, что анизотропия напряжений течения, обусловленная наличием металлографической текстуры, является отрицательным фактором при изготовлении и эксплуатации изделий. Металлографические исследования показали, что протяженность пор относительно межфазных границ в зоне соединения с увеличением угла наклона кристаллитов относительно направления деформации уменьшается. Если кристаллиты ориентированы перпендикулярно действующей нагрузке, формоизменение при образовании физического контакта осуществляется главным образом, за счет внутризереного скольжения. Для обеспечения активизации контактирующих поверхностей кристаллы следует ориентировать с учетом действующих систем скольжения. С повышением угла разворота α-пластин относительно направления деформации в одинаковых условиях сверхпластической деформации повышается качество сварного соединения путем заполнения и деления пластичной β-фазой.
ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ВЛИЯНИЯ ТОЛЩИНЫ БУФЕРНОГО СЛОЯ НА ФОРМУ ЗАГОТОВОК ДЛЯ ЛИНЗОВАННЫХ ОПТИЧЕСКИХ ВОЛОКОН
Authors: Корнилин Д.А. , Пономарев Р.С. , Демин В.А.
Published: October 2024

Экспериментально изучено влияние толщины буферного слоя ксилола на форму конической поверхности на конце оптического одномодового волокна при формировании аксиконов методом химического травления в растворе плавиковой кислоты. Получены и проанализированы фотографии линзованных торцов волокна с различным знаком кривизны поверхности. Указанные кварцевые линзованные волокна предназначены для ввода оптического излучения в разные элементы фотонных интегральных схем. Определена зависимость формы конуса от толщины буферного слоя при заданных параметрах технологического процесса. Обнаружено, что при травлении оптических волокон образуется утоньшение оболочки в воздушной среде за счет образования капель раствора плавиковой кислоты из паров выше уровня границы раздела ксилол-воздух. Для уменьшения влияния данного эффекта требуется увеличение толщины буферного слоя, который должен предотвращать диффузию молекул плавиковой кислоты в воздушное пространство реактора. С другой стороны, уменьшение буферного слоя может использоваться для формирования перетяжек с регулируемой толщиной вытравленной области на участках волокна при удалении от линзованного торца. Подобные перетяжки могут применяться для конструирования оптических датчиков, в основе работы которых лежит контакт сердцевины волокна с исследуемой средой.
تأثير العـوامل النــفسيـة عـلى الرغبة الشـرائيـة لدى أفراد الـمجتمـع السعـودي في الفترة ما بين 2021 - 2023م
Authors: الغامدي بندر عبدالرحيم
Published: October 2024

هدفت الدراسـة التعرف على تأثير العـوامل النــفسيـة عـلى الرغبة الشـرائيـة لدى أفراد الـمجتمـع السعـودي في الفترة ما بين 2021–202م، واعتمد البـاحث الـمنهج الوصفي التحليلي، واستخـدمت الاستبـانـة في جمع البيانات، وتكونـت عينـة الدراسـة من (100) فرداً من أفراد الـمجتمع السعودي، وكانـت أهم النـتائج تشير أن مــستـوى استجابـات فـقرات الـمتـغير الـمــستقل (العـوامل النفسيـة) جاءت بدرجة كبيرة، بنسبة 81.12 %، وأن مــستـوى الاستجابـات للـمتـغير التابع (الرغبة الشـرائيـة) جاءت بدرجة كبيرة، بنسبة 82.38 %، وأنه يـوجد أثراً ذي دلالة إحـصائيـة للعـوامل النــفسيـة في إدراك الفـرد لحاجاته للـمــنـتج الـمراد شرائه، كمـا يـوجد أثـر ذو دلالة إحـصائيـة للعـوامل النــفسيـة في بحث الفـرد عن الـمـعلومـات الخاصة بـالـمــنـتج الـمراد شرائه، ويـوجد يـوجد أثراً ذي دلالة إحـصائيـة للعـوامل النــفسيـة في تقييم الفـرد للـمــنـتج الـمراد شرائه، ويـوجد أثراً ذي دلالة إحـصائيـة للعـوامل النــفسيـة في اتخاذ الفـرد للقرار الشـرائي للـمــنـتج الـمراد شرائه. وأوصت الدراسـة بضرورة فتح الـمجال للاطلاع على الـمــنـتجات الـمتاحة لزيادة الرغبة وزيادة الاهتمـام لدى الـمــستهلكين، وضرورة انـتقاء الـمــنـتجات التي تتمـاشى مع التـغير الـمــستمر في رغبـاتهم الشخصيـة.
تأثير لجنة التدقيق في الإفصاح عن رأس المال الفكري: دراسة تطبيقية في الشركات الصناعية السودانية
Authors: عبد الله سبأ محمود , النور محمد الناير محمد
Published: October 2024

هدف البحث الى اختبار أثر لجنة التدقيق كإحدى اليات الحوكمة وتأثيرها على مستوى الإفصاح عن رأس المال الفكري في الشركات الصناعية السودانية، وتناول التقارير السنوية للشركات الصناعية السودانية للفترة (2015ـــــ 2021)، واستخدام تحليل الانحدار والارتباط لتحديد لعلاقة بين المتغيرات البحث، وتوصل الى وجود علاقة وتأثير معنوية للجنة التدقيق في مستوى الإفصاح عن راس المال الفكري، وأوصى البحث بضرورة اجراء المزيد من البحوث والدراسات المحاسبية المتعلقة بمدى قيام الشركات بتطبيق اليات الحوكمة ومدى افصاحها عن راس المال الفكري.
Oriented Antibody Immobilization Vs Random Covalent Binding: Improving Reproducibility for Label-Free Electrochemical Immunosensing of Multi-Allergens on Silicon Chips
Authors: Bozorgzadeh Somayyeh , B Juska Vuslat , O'Riordan Alan
Published: October 2024

The development of compact biosensing devices capable of sensitive and selective concomitant detection of two or more analytes in a single sample has enormous potential for point-of-care and -use applications. Silicon microfabrication technologies outperform other fabrication processes in terms of reproducibility, miniaturization capability, and design adjustability. In this work, we present a novel miniaturized fully integrated multiplexed silicon-based sensing platform for rapid and label-free detection of milk and egg allergens in water. After modifying the microelectrodes with gold nanostructures and chitosan-gold nanocomposite hydrogel layer, we compared random covalent binding with boronic acid-assisted oriented strategy for antibody immobilization to the surface. The Boronic affinity-based approach exhibited a high reproducible and reliable immuno-response towards casein as a major milk allergen. The stepwise surface modifications characterized using various analytical techniques, confirming the successful attachment of antibodies to the surface. We then successfully adapted the biosensor surface for ovalbumin detection, an egg allergen, demonstrating multiplexed allergen detection and universal immobilization strategy for any IgG type antibodies, opening a wide range of potential applications in portable immunosensing for various target analytes beyond food allergens.
Automated Microcontact Bioprinting for High-Throughput Manufacturing of Lubricant-Infused Microarrays
Authors: Najm Lubna , Shakeri Amid , Ladouceur Liane , Dacalos Samantha , Hussain Sakina , Chattha Inaam , Sidhu Hareet , Didar Tohid
Published: October 2024

Microarrays are widely used for detecting target analytes and biomarkers, with fabrication methods ranging from non-contact to contact bioprinting techniques. Microcontact bioprinting (μCP), which utilizes elastomeric stamps to transfer biorecognition molecules (bioinks) onto substrates, offers advantages such as customizability, cost-effectiveness, and versatility in handling bioinks with high viscosities. Despite its prevalent use in laboratory settings, μCP faces challenges in achieving the repeatability and reproducibility required for industrial manufacturing. In this study, we address these limitations by developing and optimizing a μCP protocol using industrial techniques. A key innovation in our approach is the combination of microcontact printing with fluorosilanization, enabling the use of lubricant-infused surfaces to prevent non-specific attachment. Additionally, we enhance biomolecule immobilization through covalent attachment using a modified bioink formulation. We identify and mitigate high-risk failure modes including bioink formulation, application and removal, environmental conditions, and force application during stamping. Furthermore, we integrate an automated syringe pump and a standardized force application system, taking critical steps toward industrial scalability. Using lubricant-infused substrates, our optimized μCP protocol demonstrates significant improvements in repeatability and reproducibility, achieving intra-assay and inter-assay coefficients of variance below 10% and signal-to-noise ratios exceeding 15. These advancements validate our μCP method for high-throughput, scalable microarray fabrication, paving the way for its implementation in industrial manufacturing.
Graph neural networks for predicting metal–ligand coordination of transition metal complexes
Authors: Toney Jacob , St. Michel Roland , Garrison Aaron , Kevlishvili Ilia , Kulik Heather
Published: October 2024

High-throughput virtual screening campaigns are invaluable for surveying the combinatorial space of possible transition metal complexes (TMCs), but they rely on accurate metal–ligand connectivity for meaningful results. Here, we curate a dataset of 70,069 unique ligands of known coordination from experimental structures of TMCs deposited in the Cambridge Structural Database. Using this dataset, we train separate graph neural network models to predict the total number and individual identities of ligand coordinating atoms with high accuracy and precision. Interpreting each model in terms of the learned molecular representations uncovers trends aligned with our understanding of coordination chemistry as well as novel chemical insights. Next, we integrate the trained models with the high-throughput screening software molSimplify and illustrate their utility by generating 1,175 novel TMCs and validating their geometries with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. We anticipate these models will accelerate computational screening of TMCs with de novo combinations of metals and ligands in physically realistic coordination.
Paclitaxel Biosynthesis AI Breakthrough
Authors: Kawchak Kevin
Published: October 2024

Paclitaxel, C47H51NO14, biosynthesis is an active area of research due to ongoing progress towards more sustainable and environmentally friendly production of the drug compound. Recent literature details the characterization of enzymes that play a role in synthesis, optimization of growth media, and RNA related regulatory mechanisms. The method of PhD students spending excessive time performing literature reviews to discover new findings is obsolete due to faster and high quality state of the art conversational AI. In this study, approximate AI times were obtained regarding how long would it take the fastest human researcher to read, analyze, extract information, and type a high quality 250 word answer; with the fastest time of 1,380 seconds being used as a standard reference. The slowest AI generation in the study was 79.19s by ChatGPT-4o, which was still over 17x faster than the optimal human performance time. Here, a paclitaxel biosynthesis breakthrough was illustrated twice using LLMs and LMMs. In the first instance, full length papers were summarized by AI models – with the finding that AI provided more detailed answers across entire papers, generating over 10x longer descriptions and 12x faster times compared to the manuscript author’s methods to summarize abstracts. The outputs of individual AI generated answers yielded a 10 Paper Summary with 6,322 words, and served as the input for eight separate prompts, which provided valuable insight regarding both emerging and historical views of paclitaxel retrobiosynthesis, engineering microorganisms, as well as top 10 new research recommendations, and top 10 challenges for this area. The second paclitaxel biosynthesis advancement was demonstrated with a speed of 752 seconds for 36 generations compared to the single optimal human response of 1,380 seconds. Top models received an average AI judge score of 9.5 by ChatGPT-4o for Part A; a score of 9.3 by o1-preview, L3.1-405B, and ChatGPT-4o for Part B; and a score of 9.3 by ChatGPT-4o and 3.5 Sonnet, followed by a score of 9.2 for Wiz8x22B for Part C. These superior results have primarily been afforded by OpenAI, Claude.ai, and Meta AI new model releases in late 2024 that have helped to advance the paclitaxel biosynthesis field. The presence of speedups with more detailed answers over optimal human responses is supported by advanced cloud hardware that processes high dimensional and complex data continually to solve combinatorial problems such as those in this study using 15 different prompts across 163 generations.
First Principles Assessment of ZnTe and CdSe as Prospective Tunnel Barriers at the InAs/Al Interface
Authors: Jardine Malcolm , Dardzinski Derek , Cai Zefeng , Strocov Vladimir , Hocevar Moïra , Palmstrøm Chris , Frolov Sergey , Marom Noa
Published: October 2024

Majorana zero modes are predicted to emerge in superconductor/semiconductor interfaces, such as Al/InAs. Majorana modes could be utilized for fault tolerant topological qubits. However, their realization is hindered by materials challenges. The coupling between the superconductor and the semiconductor may be too strong for Majorana modes to emerge, due to effective doping of the semiconductor by the metallic contact. This could be mediated by adding a tunnel barrier of controlled thickness. We use density functional theory (DFT) with Hubbard U corrections, whose values are machine-learned via Bayesian optimization (BO) to assess ZnTe and CdSe as prospective tunnel barriers for the InAs/Al interface. The results of DFT+U(BO) for ZnTe are validated by comparison to angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). We then study bilayer interfaces of the three semiconductors with each other and with Al, as well as tri-layer interfaces with a varying number of ZnTe or CdSe layers inserted between InAs and Al. We find that 16 atomic layers of either material completely insulate the InAs from metal induced gap states (MIGS). However, ZnTe and CdSe differ significantly in their band alignment, such that ZnTe forms an effective barrier for electrons, whereas CdSe forms a barrier for holes. Because of Fermi level pinning in the conduction band at the surface, only electron transport is possible in InAs-based devices. Therefore, ZnTe is the better choice. Based on the results of our simulations, we suggest conducting experiments with ZnTe barriers in the thickness range of 6-18 atomic layers.
SLMAP3 is essential for neurulation through mechanisms involving cytoskeletal elements, ABP, and PCP
Authors: Rehmani Taha , Dias Ana Paula , Applin Billi Dawn , Salih Maysoon , Tuana Balwant S
Published: October 2024

SLMAP3 is a tail-anchored membrane protein that targets subcellular organelles and is believed to regulate Hippo signaling. The global loss of SLMAP3 causes late embryonic lethality in mice, with some embryos exhibiting neural tube defects such as craniorachischisis. We show here thatSLMAP3−/−embryos display reduced length and increased width of neural plates, signifying arrested convergent extension. The expression of planar cell polarity (PCP) components Dvl2/3 and the activity of the downstream targets ROCK2, cofilin, and JNK1/2 were dysregulated inSLMAP3−/−E12.5 brains. Furthermore, the cytoskeletal proteins (γ-tubulin, actin, and nestin) and apical components (PKCζ and ZO-1) were mislocalized in neural tubes ofSLMAP3−/−embryos, with a subsequent decrease in colocalization of PCP proteins (Fzd6 and pDvl2). However, no changes in PCP or cytoskeleton proteins were found in cultured neuroepithelial cells depleted of SLMAP3, suggesting an essential requirement for SLMAP3 for these processes in vivo for neurulation. The loss of SLMAP3 had no impact on Hippo signaling inSLMAP3−/−embryos, brains, and neural tubes. Proteomic analysis revealed SLMAP3 in an interactome with cytoskeletal components, including nestin, tropomyosin 4, intermediate filaments, plectin, the PCP protein SCRIB, and STRIPAK members in embryonic brains. These results reveal a crucial role of SLMAP3 in neural tube development by regulating the cytoskeleton organization and PCP pathway.
Epithelial-specific loss of Smad4 alleviates the fibrotic response in an acute colitis mouse model
Authors: Hashemi Zahra , Hui Thompson , Wu Alex , Matouba Dahlia , Zukowski Steven , Nejati Shima , Lim Crystal , Bruzzese Julianna , Lin Cindy , Seabold Kyle , Mills Connor , Wrath Kylee , Wang Haoyu , Wang Hongjun , Verzi Michael P , Perekatt Ansu
Published: October 2024

Mucosal healing is associated with better clinical outcomes in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. But the epithelial-specific contribution to mucosal healing in vivo is poorly understood. We evaluated mucosal healing in an acute dextran sulfate sodium mouse model that shows an alleviated colitis response after epithelial-specific loss of Smad4. We find that enhanced epithelial wound healing alleviates the fibrotic response. Dextran sulfate sodium caused increased mesenchymal collagen deposition—indicative of fibrosis—within a week in the WT but not in the Smad4 KO colon. The fibrotic response correlated with decreased epithelial proliferation in the WT, whereas uninterrupted proliferation and an expanded zone of proliferation were observed in the Smad4 KO colon epithelium. Furthermore, the Smad4 KO colon showed epithelial extracellular matrix alterations that promote epithelial regeneration. Our data suggest that epithelium is a key determinant of the mucosal healing response in vivo, implicating mucosal healing as a strategy against fibrosis in inflammatory bowel disease patients.
REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN IN THE MEDIA IN MONGOLIA AND TURKEY: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Tulpar Janıbyek , Akynbekova Altyn
Published: October 2024

In this study the past and present life criteria of the women’s society in Mongolia and Turkey exam- ines. The female workforce in the media sector of the two countries is compared. The purpose and idea of the scientific work is to analyze the activities of women working in the mass media and to study the representation of women specialists in the production process and their place in society by conducting a comparative study. The study aims to understand the parallels and contrasts between the roles, difficul- ties and possibilities experienced by women involved in female workforce in media industry in these two countries. The theoretical significance of the research is that the findings can be presented as a mul- tidisciplinary study enriched by theoretical and methodological achievements of various social sciences. Practical importance – the results of the conducted research can be used in journalistic and legal practice and in comparative analyses. Research methodology – in order to achieve the purpose of the study, the theories and approaches related to the participation of women in the paid labor force in two countries (Turkey, Mongolia) were classified in different ways. In studies with a dominant sociological approach, they were grouped into two large groups according to their problematic aspects. According to the results of the research attention was paid to the reasons for women’s participation in the working life, those who question their working conditions, and the reasons for the concentration of women in certain business areas with limited and special characteristics. Result – the comparative study of the female workforce in the media sector: Mongolia and Turkey was made and the ultimate goal was determined.
Hubungan Kadar Kadmium Dengan Kadar Protein Urine Pada Pekerja Pasar Besi Tua Semanggi
Authors: Andita Anung , Wimpy Wimpy
Published: October 2024

Pasar besi tua Semanggi dalm beroperasi setiap hari menghasilkan limbah berupa logam berat. Salah satu limbah logam berat yang berbahaya adalah loga kadmium. Kadmium merupakan logam berat yang berbahaya bagi lingkungan karena memiliki letal concentration sebesar 39 mg/kg. Paparan logam kadmium pada manusia akan menyebabkan kerusakan pada membran tubulus proksimal ginjal karena terjadi penghambatan reabsobsi garam dan reabsobsi air sehingga menyebabkan terjadinya peningkatan jumlah protein urine yang disebut proteinuria. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan antara kadar kadmium urine terhadap kadar protein urine. Jenis penelitian adalah analitik, dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Teknik sampling yang digunakan quota sampling dengan analisis kadar kadmium urine menggunakan Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom thermo scientific dan analisi kadar protein urine menggunakan strip test verify urinalys. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan rata-rata kadar kadmium dalam urine adalah 0,15 Âµg/L. Pada pemeriksaan protein urine didapat hasil negatif sebanyak 2 responden (13,33%), hasil +1 sebanyak 11 responden (73,33%), hasil +2 sebanyak 2 responden (13,33%). Uji korelasi antara kadar kadmium dengan kadar portein urine dilakukan dengan dengan Uji Kendallâ€™s Tau-b. Kesimpulan penelitian ini dapat dinyatakan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang cukup kuat antara kadar kadmium dengan kadar protein urine pada pekerja pasar besi tua Semanggi dengan nilai signifikan 0,046 (sig < 0,05) dan koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,459.
Polimorfisme Gen FTO Rs9939609 Terhadap Konsentrasi Trigliserida Pada Subyek Obesitas Sentral
Authors: Nurmaliana Tati , Dewangga Vector Stephen
Published: October 2024

Obesitas sentral merupakan keadaan bagian perut bagian tengah terdapat lemak yang berlebih. Penumpukan lemak berlebihan mengakibatkan peningkatan jumlah asam lemak bebas yang dihidrolisis LPL endotel. Free Fatty Acid (FFA) dilepaskan karena adanya penimbunan lemak yang berlebihan juga menghambat lipogenesis sehingga menghambat klirens serum triasilgliserol dan terjadinya hipertrigliseridemia. Gen FTO (fat mass and obesity associated) rs9939609 banyak dikaitkan dengan massa lemak dan obesitas. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui gambaran polimorfisme gen FTO rs9939609 dan faktor risiko polimorfisme gen FTO rs9939609 terhadap konsentrasi trigliserida. Penelitian analitik observasional (pendekatan cross sectional) menggunakan 50 subjek obesitas sentral. Pemeriksaan polimorfisme gen FTO rs9939609 dengan metode RT-PCR dan konsentrasi trigliserida dengan metode GPO- PAP. Analisis statistik Chi-Square untuk mengetahui kesetimbangan Hardy Weinberg, uji Kruskal-Wallis untuk perbedaan variabel klinis terhadap kelompok genotipe dan alel variasi gen FTO rs9939609 dan faktor risiko variasi gen FTO rs9939609 terhadap konsentrasi trigliserida darah dengan Odds Ratio. Hasil penelitian didapatkan prevalensi alel T 55% dan alel A 45%, genotipe TT 30%, AT 50% dan AA 20%. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan lingkar perut dan konsentrasi trigliserida darah pada kelompok alel A gen FTO rs9939609 (p=0,036). Kesimpulan penelitian ini subyek dengan alel A gen FTO rs9939609 berisiko terjadi peningkatan trigliserida darah sebesar 3,448 kali.
Hubungan Konsumsi Kopi Dengan Kadar Asam Urat
Authors: Hasfika Essydhea , Sarihati I Gusti Agung Dewi , Sofi Yanty Jannah , Bekti Heri Setiyo
Published: October 2024

Kopi mengandung senyawa polifenol. Senyawa polifenol dalam kopi diantaranya adalah asam klorogenat yang berfungsi dalam metabolisme asam urat yaitu dapat menghambat kerja xantine oxidase. Asam klorogenat juga bersifat diuretik yang dapat meningkatkan pengeluaran asam urat melalui urine Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan konsumsi kopi dengan kadar asam urat pada peminum kopi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Penelitian ini melibatkan 85 responden yang ditentukan dengan cara accidental sampling. Responden terdiri dari laki-laki dan perempuan berusia 17-72 tahun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa responden yang memiliki kadar asam urat normal sebanyak 86% sedangkan yang memiliki kadar asam urat tinggi sebanyak 14%. Persentaase terbanyak responden dengan kadar asam urat tinggi ditemukan pada volume konsumsi kopi 200 ml dalam sehari. Sedangkan responden yang mengonsumsi kopi dengan volume 800 ml dalam sehari semuanya memiliki kadar asam urat normal. Analisis korelasi menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara volume konsumsi kopi dengan kadar asam urat dan terdapat korelasi negatif yang sangat rendah yaitu -0,019. Simpulan hasil penelitian menggambarkan volume kopi yang dikonsumsi memiliki korelasi negatif yang rendah terhadap kadar asam urat dalam darah.
A Low-Coupling Broadband MIMO Array Antenna Design for Ku-Band Based on Metamaterials
Authors: Zheng Xuemei , Zhao Ziwei , Zhang Yunan , Zhang Tongchao , Gui Ao , Wu Han
Published: October 2024

In response to the demand for broadband antennas in 5G mobile communications, this paper proposes a compact broadband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna array. By chamfering a radiation patch and adding parasitic patches, the antenna is miniaturized while also expanding its bandwidth. The mutual coupling between the two antenna elements is reduced by loading a double-layer metamaterial decoupling structure above the elements which consists of an open resonating ring and a square ring. The antenna is simulated and measured using the three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software HFSS and a vector network analyzer. The results show that the proposed antenna has a good radiation performance of S11 < -10 dB in the operating band of 12.11–13.99 GHz (relative bandwidth of 14.41%). Furthermore, the isolation of the proposed MIMO antenna array in the operating band is improved by more than -18.8 dB on loading the metameterial structure, indicating that the array antenna is suitable for use in the Ku-band.
DEVELOPING 21ST CENTURY SKILLS USING AN INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH THROUGH TECHNOLOGY AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE
Authors:   St. Cyril and st. Methodius University of Veliko Turnovo, Baev Dimitar
Published: October 2024

Children/students today are very different from the children of the 50-70s of the last century. They are much more restless, looking for quick answers, with unsustainable attention because digital information tools offer them an easy, accessible and consumer approach to fill time. What of this powerful flow of information addressed to the child/student is useful for their development and what is useless and a waste of time.What skills and attitudes come to the fore in the educational process in everyday life. What are the effective methods and techniques, strategies and approaches that can help the teacher to create the vision of the modern educational model, providing the generation with opportunities to develop the skills of the 21st century. The report emphasizes effective interdisciplinary activities related to 21st century skills through the educational content of constructive and technological practices.
HOLIDAYS AND CUSTOMS IN BULGARIA – AN INTERDISCIPLINARY INNOVATIVE LESSON FOR CONSOLIDATION OF KNOWLEDGE IN SECOND GRADE
Authors:   First Primary School ‘St. Cyril and St. Methodius’, Gotse Delchev, Menova Maria , Petrova Teodora ,   First Primary School ‘St. Cyril and St. Methodius’, Gotse Delchev
Published: October 2024

The lesson „Holidays and Customs in the Republic of Bulgaria“ is an innovative interdisciplinary lesson covering social studies, Bulgarian language, mathematics, and music. The main goal of the lesson is to consolidate and expand students’ knowledge of the offi cial holidays in Bulgaria, distinguishing between traditional holidays and folk customs. Students are given a preliminary task to prepare projects about diff erent holidays. After a brief discussion based on the prepared presentation, students categorize the holidays into three main groups: traditional, official, and religious. Through teamwork involving language tasks, mathematical problems, and solving schemes with the help of OZOBOT educational robots, each group discovers which holiday they need to describe. The lesson also includes reenactments of customs such as caroling and Lazaruvane. The lesson helps to form national consciousness and pride, fosters a tolerant atitude towards differences between ethnicities, and promotes respect for their holidays and traditions. It also develops reading comprehension skills and the ability to work with texts. Additionally, it builds skills for clear and precise expression and adherence to literary norms in speech.
IN THE FAIRY TALE WORLD OF BOOKS – AN INTERDISCIPLINARY LESSON FOR SECOND GRADE
Authors:   First Primary School ‘St. Cyril and St. Methodius’, Gotse Delchev, Adamova Suzana
Published: October 2024

“In the fairy-tale world of books“ was the topic of a lesson held in the Interest Activities class in the second grade. In an innovative way, the students presented their favorite fairy tale characters – they created a real “Fairy Tale Ball“ and realized that every fairy tale can teach them important virtues to apply in real life. They also presented a dramatization of the Bulgarian folk tale “He who does not work should not eat“. Through this fairy tale we tried to summarize one of the basic human values – to learn to value work in order to achieve success and to enjoy the fruits of this work. Students showed an excellent knowledge of the Bulgarian language on the parts of speech they had learnt, as well as teamwork skills – by solving language exercises. The lesson was interdisciplinary as it combined in an interesting way links with the subjects Bulgarian Language and Literature, Music, Information Technology and Technology and Entrepreneurship. In the second part of Interest Activities, the students made beautiful reading journals to complete during the summer holidays. Because we know that “A child who reads will become an adult who thinks“.
LIBRARY LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT STYLES: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: Jagmohan Meena
Published: October 2024

This study explores various leadership and management styles employed by library leaders in academic, public, and special libraries. It examines how these styles influence the operational efficiency, staff motivation, decision-making processes, and overall performance of libraries. The study employs a comparative approach, analyzing different leadership theories such as transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership. The research reveals that leadership styles significantly impact library culture, innovation, staff development, and service delivery. Recommendations are made for adopting leadership styles that best suit modern library challenges in the digital era.
COPYRIGHT AND FAIR USE IN THE DIGITAL AGE: IMPLICATIONS FOR LIBRARIES
Authors: Jagmohan Meena
Published: October 2024

This study examines the evolving landscape of copyright and fair use in the digital age, focusing on the implications for libraries. As digital technologies reshape the way information is accessed, shared, and consumed, libraries face unique challenges in navigating copyright laws and ensuring equitable access to resources. This paper explores key concepts, legal frameworks, and the impact of digitalization on copyright policies. It highlights the balance libraries must strike between protecting intellectual property rights and fostering an environment of knowledge sharing and accessibility. The findings underscore the need for libraries to adapt their practices in line with current copyright trends, emphasizing the importance of user education and advocacy for fair use rights.
ASSOCIATIVE DESIGN THROUGH MATERIAL EXPLORATION WITH PAPER A FORM GENERATION APPROACH
Authors: Mandviwala Krishna , Vegad Priyal , Soni Utsav
Published: October 2024

The subject matter proposes a multidimensional exploration into the intersections of form generation, material exploration, parametric design, and the traditional form of creased folding. Through a series of iterative design processes, origami techniques are investigated for their potential to inspire novel form-finding and material manipulation approaches. This study focuses on the relationship between traditional craftsmanship and contemporary computer aided designs, which opens up new design possibilities and fabrication methodologies.
The ancient technique of creased folding, has developed fascination for its ability to transform a flat sheet of material into intricate three-dimensional structures. Various paper manipulation techniques which form a valley and mountain like structure are explored within the context of algorithmic design frameworks using a series of experiments and case studies. Furthermore, unique techniques to incorporate different materials into origami-inspired constructions are investigated. This study emphasizes the synergies between computer aided designs, material science, and traditional craftsmanship, illustrating how the integration of these disciplines may result in novel design. The findings provide light on the transformational potential of origami-inspired techniques across a wide range of areas.
A SUSTAINABLE APPROACH TOWARDS ART PRACTICES: EMBRACING SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
Authors: Sarvaiya Shanta
Published: October 2024

This article advocates for a sustainable approach in sculpture education, recognizing the environmental impact of traditional sculpture-making processes such as stone carving, wood carving, metal casting, and ceramics. By promoting the use of eco-friendly materials, encouraging the exploration of alternative techniques, and fostering a mindset of resourcefulness and conservation, art institutions and educators can play a crucial role in shaping a new generation of sculptors committed to environmental stewardship and social responsibility. Art has always been a reflection of society, shaping narratives, perceptions, and attitudes. In the modern era, the role of art extends beyond aesthetics, towards embracing social responsibility. This research explores the evolving landscape of art practices, emphasizing sustainability as a core principle. By examining case studies, strategies, and the impact of socially responsible art, this article aims to highlight the importance of artists and institutions in fostering positive change within communities. Through a sustainable approach to art, we can not only create visually captivating works but also inspire social progress and environmental consciousness.
Interaction Effects of Somatic Cell Count and Milk Yield on Milk Composition in Lactating Dairy Cows: A Synergistic Analysis*
Authors: Tosun Halil İbrahim
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the interaction effect between somatic cell count and milk yield on the composition of milk components in dairy cows.

Material and Methods: The study involved 165 clinically healthy lactating Holstein cows with an average parity of 1.76 and an average of 221 days in milk. Cows were grouped using K-means clustering analysis based on somatic cell count and milk yield. Milk samples were collected daily during the 30-day experimental period and analyzed for composition. A 2x2 factorial design was employed to examine the main and interaction effects of somatic cell count and milk yield on milk components.

Results: The interaction affected various milk components. Specifically, a higher somatic cell count combined with increased milk yield was associated with higher levels of solids at 12.70% ± 0.02, fat at 3.76% ± 0.02, true protein at 3.26% ± 0.01, casein at 2.42% ± 0.01, and milk urea nitrogen at 10.84 mg/dL ± 0.13. Lactose concentration significantly increased to 5.06% ± 0.01 (P=0.01). Notably, this interaction effect resulted in a significant increase in lactose concentration (P=0.01).

Conclusion: The study confirms an interaction effect between somatic cell count and milk yield on milk composition, emphasizing the need to consider both factors for optimizing milk quality. The observed increase in lactose concentration due to the interaction effect underscores the complexity of somatic cell count and milk yield dynamics, suggesting potential implications for udder health and dairy management practices.

Keywords: somatic cell count, milk yield, milk composition, dairy cows, udder health, milk quality.
VIVÊNCIAS PEDAGÓGICAS EM ENCRUZILHADAS INTERSECCIONAIS
Authors: SATHLER Conrado Neves , OLIVEIRA Esmael Alves de
Published: October 2024

Este texto apresenta algumas vivências de dois professores-pesquisadores de Psicologia de uma Universidade Federal, em uma cidade do interior da região centro-oeste do Brasil. Sala de aula, gabinete de supervisão de estágio, eventos do controle social do campo da Saúde e orientações de pesquisas compõem os cenários vivenciados. A Narrativa Autobiográfica é o método escolhido, por permitir a inclusão da experiência dos autores na construção de saberes e críticas. Apontamos as transformações em nossos currículos, abordagens teóricas e práticas derivadas dessas vivências fronteiriças e também as resistências encontradas frente às estruturas acadêmicas, representantes das elites culturais eurocentradas e do sistema eurocêntrico.
OPTIMALISASI LABA DAN BAGI HASIL MELALUI TRANSPARANSI LAPORAN KEUANGAN PADA BUMDES BERKAH SEJAHTERA
Authors: Nurmala Sari Meilani , Azzakiya Izzfanya , Nugroho Kezia Joy , Widyaningsih Aristanti , Yuniarti Rozmita Dewi
Published: October 2024

Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mendampingi Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes) Berkah Sejahtera di Desa Tanimulya dalam mengoptimalisasikan pencatatan laporan keuangan menggunakan aplikasi Microsoft Excel. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pendampingan ini adalah dengan melakukan wawancara bersama pengelola BUMDes, diskusi untuk memberikan saran dan rekomendasi, pelatihan penggunaan aplikasi Microsoft Excel, serta melakukan Monitoring dan evaluasi. Berdasarkan pendampingan yang sudah dilakukan, bendahara BUMDes Berkah Sejahtera dapat melakukan tracking penjualan secara tunai, data piutang, pencatatan biaya kegagalan produksi, dan pelaporan keuangan. Hasil dari pendampingan ini adalah meningkatkan kualitas laporan keuangan, peningkatan Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD), transparansi atas seluruh laporan keuangan.
STUDI EFISIENSI VOLUME MATERIAL DAN ESTIMASI BIAYA BANGUNAN MENGGUNAKAN BIM 5D DENGAN SOFTWARE TEKLA STRUCTURES
Authors: Farizwan Jihan , Hariyadi Hariyadi , Hamdani Hafiz
Published: October 2024

Akibat tingginya kebutuhan dan permintaan, penggunaan material dalam proyek konstruksi sering kali menghasilkan limbah material yang dapat menimbulkan kerugian. Building Information Modeling (BIM) 5D merupakan sistem yang dapat membantu dalam pekerjaan konstruksi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi efisiensi menggunakan sistem BIM 5D dalam hal volume material dan biaya biaya pembangunan.Tahapan proses analisis perbandingan menggunakan pemodelan Software Tekla Structures dan metode konvensional. Pengumpulan data yang diperoleh adalah data DED dan RAB pada proyek pembangunan gedung 3 lantai Rumah Sakit Ibu dan Anak (RSIA) Permata Hati Mataram. Hasil penelitian dari menggunakan BIM 5D dengan Software Tekla Structures memiliki efisiensi lebih dalam menghitung elemen-elemen pekerjaan struktur seperti pondasi, kolom, balok dan plat. Menggunakan pemodelan 3D dengan sistem BIM 5D, perhitungan menghasilkan volume total material pada pekerjaan beton sebesar 688,263 m³ dengan efisiensi +9,64%, pada pekerjaan bekisting sebesar 4601,058 m² dengan efisiensi +4,57%, dan pekerjaan tulangan baja sebesar 115012,285 kg dengan efisiensi +8,53%. Efisiensi biaya material pada pekerjaan beton adalah +5,28%, pada pekerjaan bekisting adalah +9,31%, pada pekerjaan tulangan baja adalah +5,01%, dan secara keseluruhan adalah +6,95%. Faktor yang mempengaruhi efisiensi tersebut adalah  detailing dan kompleksitas struktur dan human error pada metode konvensional.
Cuidado de enfermería en salud escolar en niños, niñas y adolescentes
Authors: Reyes Bailón Andrea Denisse , Quimis Lázaro Nicole Lisbeth , Rebolledo Malpica Dinora , Muñiz Granoble Gloria , García Martínez María Araceli , Rodríguez Orozco Cinthya
Published: October 2024

Entre las funciones de la enfermera escolar está en contribuir el desarrollo saludable y prestar los cuidados adecuados, buscando llenar el vacío de conocimiento que pudiera existir en los docentes, padres de familia y estudiantes. Garantizando grandes beneficios como crear hábitos saludables a través de la promoción de salud, también la prevención de enfermedades con el fin de cuidar la salud escolar de los niños, niñas y adolescentes. Objetivo: Describir el Cuidado de Enfermería en Salud Escolar en niños niñas y adolescentes de Guayaquil-Ecuador. Materiales y métodos: Se desarrolló bajo la modalidad cuantitativa, con enfoque paradigmático positivista, centrado en el objetivo del estudio y logrando obtener respuestas a través de las encuestas realizadas. Resultados: Se observó que un 62% de los encuestados siempre y casi siempre sensibilizan a la población sobre la promoción de la salud, así mismo, un 48% considera que casi siempre se acoplan a las necesidades de la población. Por otro parte, el 34 % siempre da información específica a maestros y familiares sobre promoción de la salud y un 41% de los encuestados ajustan la metodología de enseñanza. Así mismo, el 44 % señalan que siempre y casi siempre reciben información sobre la vacunación y el 20% de los enfermeros dijeron que participan en planes escolares. Por último, el 33% de los encuestados siempre y casi siempre los identifica los problemas de la salud escolar y el 51% de los encuestados casi siempre realiza estas derivaciones. Conclusión: En relación con el cuidado de la salud de los niños, niñas, adolescentes, se logra identificar que las enfermeras si realizan actividades de promoción de salud, logrando limitar los riesgos a los que están expuestos estos grupos etarios e involucrando a padres de familia en la protección de la salud escolar.