bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reliability–based economic model predictive control for generalised flow–based networks including actuators’ health–aware capabilities
Authors: Grosso Juan M. , Ocampo-Martinez Carlos , Puig Vicenç
Published: September 2016

This paper proposes a reliability-based economic model predictive control (MPC) strategy for the management of generalised flow-based networks, integrating some ideas on network service reliability, dynamic safety stock planning, and degradation of equipment health. The proposed strategy is based on a single-layer economic optimisation problem with dynamic constraints, which includes two enhancements with respect to existing approaches. The first enhancement considers chance-constraint programming to compute an optimal inventory replenishment policy based on a desired risk acceptability level, leading to dynamical allocation of safety stocks in flow-based networks to satisfy non-stationary flow demands. The second enhancement computes a smart distribution of the control effort and maximises actuators’ availability by estimating their degradation and reliability. The proposed approach is illustrated with an application of water transport networks using the Barcelona network as the case study considered.
Scheduling preemptable jobs on identical processors under varying availability of an additional continuous resource
Authors: Różycki Rafał , Waligóra Grzegorz , Węglarz Jan
Published: September 2016

In this work we consider a problem of scheduling preemptable, independent jobs, characterized by the fact that their processing speeds depend on the amounts of a continuous, renewable resource allocated to jobs at a time. Jobs are scheduled on parallel, identical machines, with the criterion of minimization of the schedule length. Since two categories of resources occur in the problem: discrete (set of machines) and continuous, it is generally called a discrete-continuous scheduling problem. The model studied in this paper allows the total available amount of the continuous resource to vary over time, which is a practically important generalization that has not been considered yet for discrete-continuous scheduling problems. For this model we give some properties of optimal schedules on a basis of which we propose a general methodology for solving the considered class of problems. The methodology uses a two-phase approach in which, firstly, an assignment of machines to jobs is defined and, secondly, for this assignment an optimal continuous resource allocation is found by solving an appropriate mathematical programming problem. In the approach various cases are considered, following from assumptions made on the form of the processing speed functions of jobs. For each case an iterative algorithm is designed, leading to an optimal solution in a finite number of steps.
Four-king chess with dice is neither unrealistic nor messed up
Authors: Wiese Harald
Published: September 2016

Kauṭilya’smaṇḍalamodel has intrigued indologists and political scientists for some time. It deals with friendship and enmity between countries that are direct or indirect neighbours. (Ghosh; 1936) suggests a close relationship between this model and Indian four-king chess. We try to corroborate his claim by presenting a stylized game-theory model of both Indian four-king chess andKauṭilya’smaṇḍalatheory. Within that game model, we can deal withKauṭilya’s conjecture according to which an enemy’s enemy is likely to be one’s friend. Arguably, this conjecture is reflected in the ally structure of four-king chess. We also comment on the widespread disapproval of dice in (four-king) chess.
Die Kenntnis des Dominospiels in Europa: Archäologie, Geschichte, Bibliographie
Authors: Braun Ingram
Published: September 2016

Die Geschichte des Dominospiels in Europa ist bisher wissenschaftlich nicht bearbeitet worden. Die ältesten Nachweise stammen aus China. Frühe archäologische Funde aus Nordwesteuropa reichen bis an die Grenze des Mittelalters zurück, sind aber außerordentlich selten. Ein Import über den Seeweg aus China kommt aus chronologischen Gründen nicht mehr in Betracht. Etwa ab 1760 gibt es schriftliche Belege aus Frankreich und Deutschland. Während sich aber in Frankreich darin ein Interesse der Oberschichten an wettkampfmäßigem Spiel manifestiert, handeln die deutschen Belege zunächst von einem Kinder-spiel. Erst mit den militärischen Erfolgen Frankreichs um die Jahrhundertwende steigt die Reputation des Spiels in den europäischen Oberschichten. In dieser Zeit sind neben Spielsätzen aus Hartgeweben auch Kartenspielsätze geläufig. Der Name leitet sich vermutlich von dem französischen Wort für Buntpapierherstellung ab, unter dem auch die Kartenmacher zu subsumieren sind.
A Prisoner’s Right to be Released or Placed on Parole: A Comment onÖcalan v Turkey (No. 2)(18 March 2014)
Authors: Mujuzi Jamil Ddamulira
Published: September 2016

The European Convention on Human Rights does not provide for a prisoner’s right to parole and no international or regional human rights instrument provides for this right. However, recently, in the case ofÖcalan v Turkey (No. 2), one of the judges of the European Court of Human Rights interpreted the European Convention on Human Rights as providing for a prisoner’s right to parole. This is the first time that a judge of this court, and to the author’s best knowledge, a judge of a regional or international court, has expressly held that a prisoner has the right to parole. The author assesses this holding in the light of the jurisprudence or practice on the right to parole from the Human Rights Committee, and the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights. In order to put the discussion in context, the author also highlights jurisprudence emanating from the European Court of Human Rights relevant to the relationship between parole and other human rights. The author recommends that the time has come for the right to parole to be recognised in human rights instruments.
The Concept of Social Responsibility in the Business Model of a Company
Authors: Kurovs Jevgenijs , Waściński Tadeusz
Published: September 2016

The article presents a research topic focused on the issues relating to corporate social responsibility (CSR), which is a component of company’s business model. The fact that it is a relatively novel trend in the scope of economics inspired us to raise the aforementioned problem of social responsibility in business, since that area of study is still subject to systematization. The existing interpretation of the concept mainly refers to the questions connected with the commercial sector. CSR is said to be an idea, thanks to which enterprises freely take into account the need for social environmental protection and also relations with various groups of stakeholders at the stage of developing their strategy. Therefore, there is a demand for new scientific studies in that scope. Considering the methodological premises of the article, the author carried out an analysis and evaluation of heating companies in Poland and in Latvia between 2002 and 2014. The analysis was conducted in a dynamic perspective with the use of statistical and econometric tools in order to verify the research hypothesis and achieve the purpose of the thesis. It should be highlighted that a survey questionnaire was the main source of the research data. The study covers 212 out of 445 enterprises operating in the heating sector in Poland and 26 out of 45 operating in Latvia.
Modeling of vibration for functionally graded beams
Authors: Yiğit Gülsemay , Şahin Ali , Bayram Mustafa
Published: September 2016

In this study, a vibration problem of Euler-Bernoulli beam manufactured with Functionally Graded Material (FGM), which is modelled by fourth-order partial differential equations with variable coefficients, is examined by using the Adomian Decomposition Method (ADM).The method is one of the useful and powerful methods which can be easily applied to linear and nonlinear initial and boundary value problems. As to functionally graded materials, they are composites mixed by two or more materials at a certain rate. This mixture at a certain rate is expressed with an exponential function in order to try to minimize singularities from transition between different surfaces of materials as much as possible. According to the structure of the ADM in terms of initial conditions of the problem, a Fourier series expansion method is used along with the ADM for the solution of simply supported functionally graded Euler-Bernoulli beams. Finally, by choosing an appropriate mixture rate for the material, the results are shown in figures and compared with those of a standard (homogeneous) Euler-Bernoulli beam.
Reporting from the Field: The Narrative
Reconstruction of Experience in Pick-up Artist
Online Communities
Authors: Dayter Daria , Rüdiger Sofia
Published: September 2016

This study focuses on the reconstruction of experience in the online environment of the Pick-up
Artist (PUA) community forums and aims to uncover yet another facet of personal narrative, namely the role
and performance of framing in the reporting of events. Discursive psychologists have often pointed out that
a narrative is not a precise reflection of reality but a device that itself shapes the social world because reality
always under-determines the verbal representation of events. In this study, we show how the verbalisation
of narrative guides the reader towards the intended understanding by establishing the shared knowledge
schema in the community of practice. Utilising data from a specific genre in the PUA forums, the “field
reports” (i.e. narrative reconstructions of encounters between the PUAs and women), we describe three
pertinent layers of frames, how they are evoked linguistically and how they interact with each other. Our
investigation of the hierarchical framing of the interaction as [pua training], [personal narrative] and
[success report] shows that they are based on group-specific knowledge schemas but, at the same time,
draw on conventionalised narrative structures.
Emergency Cesarean Section in Case of Aneurysm of the Muscular Intraventricular Septum with Neonatal Follow-up - A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Płużańska Joanna , Więcek Jacek , Krekora Michał , Kiełbasicz-Binikowska Jolanta , Talar Tomasz , Słodki Maciej , Respondek-Liberska Maria
Published: September 2016

We present the case of aneurysm of the muscular intraventricular septum with accompanying cardiomegaly and abnormal venous flow patterns requiring emergency cesarean section and specialized neonatal treatment. At the age of 8 months our patient has no clinical symptoms with a 6 mm scar in intraventricular muscular septum..
Green Disposal of Waste Bisphenol A
Authors: Putman Lesley , Nyland Chris , Parson Kristine
Published: September 2016

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an important precursor for polycarbonates and epoxy resins that are used to make products that many would consider essential for modern living. Unfortunately, BPA is an endocrine disrupter and more and more evidence is being uncovered about its negative effects on humans as well as on organisms in the environment. Sustainable chemistry means we take everything into account in designing a chemical process: the risks, the costs, the benefits, and so on. BPA is not likely to be replaced by a less toxic chemical in the foreseeable future, nor is our society willing to give up valuable polycarbonate products. As part of sustainable green chemistry, we want to assure that any toxic chemicals that leave a manufacturing plant pose a minimal risk to the environment. Using a green method to clean up effluent before it is released into the environment would be ideal. In this report, little bluestem seeds are shown to be capable of degrading BPA in aqueous solutions. This gives them the potential to be used in reducing the amount of BPA that may be in effluent. Additionally, an enzyme was isolated that was responsible for degrading BPA and this could also have potential for the treatment of effluent.
Difference of nutritional components between Phyllostachys edulis seeds and main grain crops / Phyllostachys edulis tohumları ile temel tahıllardaki besin ögelerinin farkı
Authors: Ge Wei , Hu Tao , Gao Jian , Li Long , Cheng Zhanchao , Peng Zhenhua
Published: September 2016

Objective: Major nutritional components of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) seeds were compared with main grain crops to study their nutritional and utilization value.

Methods: Older P. edulis seeds were harvested in autumn 2012 and stored at 4°C for 2 years, while fresh seeds were collected in autumn 2014. Starch, protein and fat contents of both old and fresh seeds were determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometer, Kjeldahl method, and acid hydrolysis method, respectively. The amino acid and fatty acid components of the old and fresh seeds were also analyzed with an auto-amino acid analyzer and a gas chromatograph, respectively. In addition, activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase in both old and fresh seeds were measured.

Results: Starch was the main content of P. edulis seeds. Activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase in fresh P. edulis seeds were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those that had been stored at 4°C for two years. Similar decline was also observed in the nutritional content of seeds upon two years of storage.

Conclusion: The seeds are starchy, containing high levels of protein, moderate fat levels and a wide range of amino acids. Notably, P. edulis seeds contain high levels of essential amino acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids and have great value for human nutrition and health. Its protein and essential amino acids contents were higher than that of main grain crops, while the fat content was low. Storage effect of two years on seeds and fresh grain was significant.
Optimization of a biosurfactant production from bacteria isolated from soil and characterization of the surfactant / Topraktan izole edilen bakterilerden biyosurfaktan üretiminin optimizasyonu ve surfaktanın karakterizasyonu
Authors: Toptaş Yağmur , Çelikdemir Meltem , Tuncer Cansel , Şahin Yeliz Buruk , Çelik Pınar Aytar , Burnak Nimetullah , Çabuk Ahmet , Bütün Vural
Published: September 2016

Objective: Biosurfactants are surface-active substances produced by microorganisms. The growth of microorganism supports biosurfactant production on hydrocarbon polluted environments. In this study, the capacity of biosurfactant production of Georgenia daeguensis (accession number, KP798810) isolated from hydrocarbon- contaminated soil was studied.

Methods: The components of biosurfactant production medium were investigated through Plackett-Burman methodology. By using Placket-Burman based on statistical screening, six of the eleven factors of production medium were found to be critically effective on the biosurfactant production.

Results: The significant factors were KCl, ZnSO4.7H2O, CaCl2.2H2O, KH2PO4, MgSO4.7H2O and glucose. Among of these, KCl had the highest effect contribution with 55.22%. After the optimization by such design, critical micelle concentration value was reached to 2.2 g L-1. When antibacterial activity of biosurfactant was screened, it showed antibacterial effect against to Klebsiella pneumoniae. Besides, the biosurfactant was characterized by FT-IR, critic micelle concentration and zeta analysis.

Conclusion: This study reported that Georgenia daeguensis is able to produce effective biosurfactant exhibiting antibacterial activity against K. pneumoniae.
Ein natürliches flavanonol-acetat im knospenöl von pappelarten / A natural flavanonol acetate in bud excretion of populus-species
Authors: Wollenweber Eckhard , Chadenson Michele , Hauteville Marcelle
Published: September 2016

A novel flavonoid, the natural 3-acetyl-derivative of pinobanksin, has been isolated from the lipophilic bud excretion of poplar. The structure and spectral analysis (UV, IR, NMR, M S). The strated
Mass Spectrometric Studies of Dehydro-α-lapachone and Dehydro-iso-α-lapachone
Authors: Joshi Krishna C. , Prakash Lalit , Bansal R. K. , Singh Pahup
Published: September 2016

Mass spectral fragmentation studies of dehydro-a-lapachone and dehydro-iso-a-lapadione, isolated from the heartwood of Tabebuia rosea, have been made. The fragmentation patterns in the case of two compounds are essentially similar and have been discussed
Elastic Properties of Lipid Bilayers: Theory and Possible Experiments
Authors: Helfrich W
Published: September 2016

A theory of the elasticity of lipid bilayers is proposed. Three types of strain, i. e. stretching, tilt and curvature, are distinguished and the associated stresses are identified. It is argued that in the case of vesicles (= closed bilayer films) the only elasticity controlling nonspherical shapes is that of curvature. Euler-Lagrange equations are derived for the shape in magnetic fields and under excess outside pressure. It is shown that magnetic fields can deform spherical vesicles into ellipsoids of revolution. Under excess outside pressure the spherical shape becomes unstable at a certain threshold pressure. Both effects can be influenced by a spontaneous curvature of the bilayer. Some possible experiments to determine the elastic properties are also discussed
Desoxyribonucleasen im menschlichen Seminalplasma Deoxyribonucleases in the Human Seminal Plasma
Authors: Zöllner E. Jürgen , Lachner Horst
Published: September 2016

Acid and alkaline deoxyribonuclease (EC 3.1.4.6, EC 3.1.4.5) activities were demonstrated in the human seminal plasma. By means of a micro-disc-electrophoretic deoxyribonuclease test six different fractions are detectable. They were characterized with respect to their optimal substrate and optimal incubation conditions. The various enzyme activities were tested at pH 5.0 in 0.1 ᴍ Na-acetat buffer or at pH 7.4 in 0.1 ᴍ Tris-HCl buffer in the presence of different combinations of MgCl2, CaCl2, EDTA, NaSO4, NaF and mercaptoethanol with native or denatured herring sperm DNA as substrate
Aerober Abbau von Endosulfan durch Bodenmikroorganismen / Aerobic Degradation of Endosulfan by Microorganisms
Authors: Perscheid Michael , Orst Schlüter H , Ballschmiter Karlheinz
Published: September 2016

Microbial degradation of both the isomers of the cyclodiene insecticide endosulfan (hexachloro-bicyclo [2,2,1] hept-5-en-2,3-bis-hydroyxmethylene-cyclic sulfit) by Pseudomonadaceae in water has been investigated. Strong resorption of the applied insecticide (90%) by the bacteria has been ob­ served. The main metabolite of both the isomers was identified by EC-gaschromatography as the endosulfan-alcohol. Additionally the /?-isomere yielded small amounts of the cyclic endosulfan-ether and isomerisation to the more stable a-endosulfan
Evaluation of The Cyanotic Newborn: Part I—A Neonatologist’s Perspective
Authors: Dasgupta Soham , Bhargava Vidit , Huff Monica , Jiwani Amyn K. , Aly Ashraf M.
Published: September 2016

Cyanosis is a commonly observed symptom in the newborn; however, its recognition and prompt management in a timely manner might be challenging in some instances. The presence of fetal hemoglobin and the concentration of hemoglobin in the blood have implications in the assessment of severity of cyanosis. Methodical evaluation and testing are essential in the diagnosis and treatment of the underlying condition. Pulse oximetry screening for critical congenital heart disease is important for detecting unsuspected life-threatening cardiac conditions. This 2-part article discusses the evaluation of cyanosis in the newborn period.

Cyanosis, derived from the Greek word meaning “dark blue,” is defined as a dusky to bluish hue in the patient. (1) Although oxygenated hemoglobin is bright red, reduced hemoglobin is bluish to purple in color. Cyanosis is dependent on the absolute concentration of reduced hemoglobin and is usually visible when its concentration exceeds 3 to 5 g/dL (30–50 g/L) in the blood.
The Legacy of State Constitutional Conventions
Authors: English Arthur , Carroll John J.
Published: September 2016

Constitutional conventions are ephemeral institutions in a state's political system. Usually they meet for only a few months and their impact on the system is commonly measured by whether the draft document they produce is adopted in the ratifying election (Goodman, et al., August, 1973, pp.571-596). The purpose of this research is to investigate whether constitutional conventions leave a larger legacy by (a) serving as a recruitment vehicle by which delegates move to other elective offices and by (b) seeding the state with a continuing constitutionally attentive elite. These are particularly crucial questions for understanding the impact of constitutional conventions in states where draft documents were defeated. We have data from the two most recent efforts at comprehensive constitutional reform in Arkansas. Both the 1969-70 and 1979-80 Arkansas constitutional conventions produced substantial revisions of the existing 1874 Constitution which were rejected by the electorate. We interviewed 80 of 95 lining delegates to the 1969-70 convention and 59 of 98 living delegates to the 1979-80 convention. A mail questionnaire yielded 60 responses from delegates to the earlier convention. An additional 20 interviews were completed by phone. All of the 1979-80 delegates responded to the mail questionnaire.
The Arkansas Senate: An Overview
Authors: Johnston Robert , Storey Mary
Published: September 2016

While research interest in state legislatures has grown significantly in recent years, paucity remains in such basic areas as recruitment and elections, career patterns, legislative organization and structure, roles and norms, representation of constituency, legislative decision-making, legislative budgeting and oversight (Jewell, 1981:1-2). This work is an introductory effort to provide information about these areas in the Arkansas state Senate.
Parties and Campaigns in Contemporary Arkansas Politics
Authors: Bass Harold F. , Westmoreland Andrew
Published: September 2016

Thirty-five years ago, V. 0. Key (1949: 183-204) ably surveyed the Arkansas political landscape. Since then, a number of observers have assessed subsequent developments (see Drummond, 1957; Yates, 1972; Ranchino, 1972; Bonds, 1974; Bass & DeVries, 1976: 87-106; Johnston, 1981; Johnston, 1983; and Lamis, forthcoming). This present consideration of parties and campaigns in contemporary Arkansas politics approaches the subject from three perspectives. The first associates shifting statewide electoral patterns since Key wrote with changes in the character of the state political party organizations he described. The second details the selection, tenure, and activity of the leaders of these organizations since 1970. The third addresses modern directions in campaign style and practice, with special reference to the role and status of party organization in the conduct of election campaigns. Major data sources include the above-mentioned analyses, contemporaneous journalistic accounts, and personal interviews with several party and campaign organization notables.
Are Alcohol Related Social Problems More Likely to Occur in Wet Counties?
Authors: Fullington Michael G. , Price William L. , Roebuck Randy L.
Published: September 2016

During every general election for the past twenty years residents of at least one county in Arkansas have been asked whether they support the legal sale of intoxicating beverages. The study described below is designed to determine whether the 32 counties in Arkansas that presently allow the sale of alcoholic beverages have suffered from an increase in alcohol related social problems. The legalization of liquor sales is a policy issue with significant social, political and emotional implications. Arkansas’ community leaders and county residents have little evidence upon which to base objective and informed decisions about the legal sale of alcohol in their counties. Our goal is to help fill the void in documented data that currently exists and to assist policy makers in making more informed decisions about this important issue.
J. William Fulbright —- Belief Systems, Models of Representation and Re-Election Strategies, 1942-1962
Authors: Tweraser Kurt K.
Published: September 2016

Most people remember Senator Fulbright as the great dissenter, the administration pariah, the vehement critic of the Vietnam war. There is more to the Fulbright puzzle than the distressed foreign affairs internationalists who turned to heresy. He was, before his conversion to an outspoken limitationism (Brown, 1985), a reflective man who shunned rather than sought the public spotlight, a party loyalist who preferred to exert influence from within, faithful supporter of NATO and the Atlantic Community, defender of foreign aid, even floor manager of the Tonkin Gulf resolution as a believer in the need for strong presidential leadership. Domestically, though, he was a middle-of-the-roader whose natural sympathies were for tradition and order, rather than for iconoclasm and rebellion.
Liberal Arts Faculty as Mediators: The Pulaski County Program
Authors: Miller John S. , Ledbetter Cal
Published: September 2016

The effectiveness and efficiency of the justice system is a continuing focus of research, and public attention. Burdened by crowded dockets and demands policy for improved conditions and service, the justice system is examining new operative and management alternatives to traditional adjudication such as court-ordered arbitration, mediation programs and even private sector initiatives for handling disputes. In this paper we discuss the Pulaski County Mediation Program (MPX an innovative alternative to the traditional courtroom resolution 01 disputes in small claims, juvenile, and chancery court. The MP brings together, in a joint program, the needs, facilities, support and strengths of Pulaski County and the human and administrative resources of the University of Arkansas at Little Rock (UALR), College of Liberal Arts.
Presidential Address 2016: Literature and Its Publics: Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Greene Roland
Published: September 2016

Some Things Don't Change Much. One Hundred and Fourteen years ago, at an MLA conference in Champaign, Illinois, the president of the Central Division, the Germanist James Taft Hatfield of Northwestern University, delivered an address on “the relation of scholarship to the commonwealth,” which I recognize as a version of this year's theme, Literature and Its Publics. When the address was published later in PMLA, the account of it went as follows: “the remarks of the President were clear, incisive, sparkling, and proved an excellent introduction to one of the most interesting meetings” of the association. (The minutes go on to share the secretary's concern that the conference has too many papers, which run too long, and to record the balance in the Central Division's funds: $1.33 [“Proceedings” lxxv].)
Indigenous Agency and Compliance: Contemporary Literature about Dayaks
Authors: Tsao Tiffany
Published: September 2016

Based on an analysis of three literary texts about Dayaks—the indigenous peoples of Kalimantan (Borneo) in Indonesia—this essay argues that strategic submission can play an important role in indigenous peoples' attempts to obtain and maintain agency under the shadow of dominant discourse. Discussions foundational to the field of postcolonial studies have tended to focus on the importance of subversion, resistance, and counterdiscourse in liberating the oppressed subject. Taking reading cues from anthropological and sociological accounts of Dayak compliance with various constructions of Dayaks, this essay looks at how the writing of literature about Dayaks (by both non-Dayaks and Dayaks) functions as an enactment of and meditation on the application of dominant discourse to indigenous peoples and the opportunities that such discourse affords for carving out spaces of autonomy.
Cruel Coloniality; or, The Ruse of Sovereignty
Authors: Saldaña-Portillo María Josefina
Published: September 2016

[A] historical narrative is not a seamless curve toward the present but the broken remains that are buried and waiting for their resurrection.

[M]emory is not a holdall that can be drawn on as needed but constantly has to be reconstructed from fragments and fortuitous remains. Memory of atrocity is not simply available but is constituted post hoc with the aim not only of clarifying the fate of the disappeared but of documenting a crime.

—Jean Franco, Cruel Modernity

Historical Narrative and Memory: The Former is Usually the Site of Power; the Latter, for Jean Franco in Cruel Modernity, is the site of force. Historical narrative represents Latin American nations as emerging—or, in Brazil's case, emerged—markets progressing on a seamless curve toward a glossy, technologically sophisticated, communicative hypermodernity, whereas memory is the desperate, slow, brute force of the people who refuse to forget the unmitigated cruelty of the second half of the twentieth century in Latin America. Memory here is the continental but subaltern force of family and friends who are still noisily waiting to bury the broken remains of their disappeared sisters and brothers, mothers and fathers, comrades in hope or children of a utopic vision. Forensic subaltern memories document the phantasmagoric crimes committed against fragmented and maimed bodies, buried in mass graves or in the depths of lakes from Patagonia to the border between Mexico and the United States, interrupting the gleaming historical narratives that describe the slow but steady progress toward national development. In Cruel Modernity, Franco is part of this force: she is a forensic memory worker, examining the crime scenes, the tortured, raped, mutilated bodies, describing in awful detail who did what to whom, with what instruments, and in what order. One of the most striking aspects of Cruel Modernity is Franco's refusal to look away. Each chapter provides “thick description” of these crimes, as Franco tries to comprehend the excess of the acts perpetrated, the motivations of the perpetrators, the effects on the victims. Several rationales
Three Lessons from the History of a Book
Authors: Slauter Eric
Published: September 2016

How Do Printed Objects Help Political Subjects Make and Remake Worlds? This is One of the Central Questions Animating Raúl Coronado's brilliant book A World Not to Come: A History of Latino Writing and Print Culture. I believe Coronado is one of the most gifted and imaginative literary scholars working today. What is more rare, his writing is both provocative and a pleasure to read. Casting himself as a genealogist, he deploys previously little-known printed materials to tell a dramatic story, and he tells it with a narrative confidence seldom seen in studies that rely, as his ultimately does, so heavily on the close reading of texts.

In a series of discontinuous but deeply contextualized studies situated on the borderlands of Mexico and the United States, advancing from the 1810s to the 1850s and taking readers at times much further back (into, say, the diffusion of scholastic thought), Coronado traces a history of foreclosed revolutionary possibilities, of discursive dead ends and epistemological ruptures, and of the failure of communities to become anything but imagined. He probes understudied people, texts, and episodes for what they can tell us about the complex processes of the experience of modernization—and by modernization he means the major movements of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries for republicanism, capitalism, individualism, secularism, and nationalism. He uses this discontinuous narrative also to arrest what he takes to be a misguided quest among some in his field for a different kind of genealogy: an unbroken lineage of Latino identity and subjectivity that centers on resistance. Instead, he narrates the making of a people as the unintended consequence of individuals who had hoped and failed to make a nation.
Obesidad: una pandemia que afecta a la población infantil del siglo XXI
Authors: Hernández-Arteaga* Isabel , Rosero-Galindo Carol Yovanna , Montenegro-Coral Franco Andrés
Published: September 2016

Propósito: con esta revisión teórica, se pretende presentar información actualizada sobre la obesidad en la población infantil y advertir sobre las tendencias de esta patología en la niñez del mundo globalizado, que impacta en la salud pública. Tema: la obesidad en la población infantil en lo corrido del siglo XXI, el análisis de su prevalencia y la descripción de algunos factores que influyen en esta patología, tales como los ambientales, los genéticos y los psicológicos. Desarrollo: esta revisión se abordó con la técnica de revisión y registro de documentos, inscrita en investigación exploratoria. Hallazgos: la prevalencia marca una tendencia ascendente en las dos últimas décadas, provocada por la transición nutricional de la globalidad, por los estilos de vida adoptados por la sociedad cada vez más sedentaria, y por factores psicosociales interrelacionados que contribuyen a su manifestación y desarrollo en la niñez y la perpetúan en la adultez. Estos niños se encaminan a padecimientos metabólicos, con mayor probabilidad de padecer enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles a edad temprana. Conclusión: se proponen pautas dirigidas a proyectar adultos saludables, siempre y cuando las sociedades prioricen la atención en salud de los niños de la actualidad.
Exploring the prosociality domains of trust and cooperation, through single and cooperative digital gameplay in Path of Trust.
Authors: Apostolakis Konstantinos Cornelis , Psaltis Athanasios , Stefanidis Kiriakos , Kaza Kyriaki , Thermos Spyridon , Dimitropoulos Kosmas , Dimaraki Evangelia , Daras Petros
Published: September 2016

Amidst an ongoing debate surrounding the traditional dichotomy of whether video games are good or bad for children, in this paper we present Path of Trust, a novel, prosocial game that aims at helping children understand the importance of teamwork and learn how and when to express trustworthiness. We have created a colorful, non-violent digital game, in which children aged 7-10 can be exposed to prosocial content and develop specific prosocial attitudes, such as cooperation and trustworthiness, driven by the fact that video games with prosocial content can be used to improve social interactions. The game was designed to maintain an attractive and engaging nature, which is usually associated with games that are often vilified within social circles in terms of being packed with tons of action and violence. We conducted two separate studies to test our game’s modeling of prosocial behavior, which demonstrate the potential of the game as a tool for teaching important prosocial behavior to children.
Die belang van mediavryheid in Suid-Afrika: Tweehonderd jaar, twee gevallestudies, van die Magna Carta tot die Muilbandwet
Authors: Rabe L
Published: September 2016

Hierdie artikel beskou die huidige bedreigings teen 'n vrye media in Suid-Afrika vanuit 'n mediahistoriografiese vertrekpunt en betoog dat die rol van 'n vrye media in Suid-Afrika belangriker is as ooit weens die bedreigings van die ANC-regering op die vrye vloei van inligting. Mediavryheid as konsep word bespreek, waarna 'n vrye media vanuit 'n libertaries-sosiaal verantwoordelike teoretiese vertrekpunt belig word. Dit word gevolg deur 'n kort bespreking van die gevallestudie as navorsingsontwerp en die historiese metode as navorsingsinstrument. Twee gevallestudies in die stryd om mediavryheid teen die regering van die dag oor byna tweehonderd jaar in Suid-Afrika volg: Die eerste onder 'n outoritêre Britse koloniale regering en die tweede onder 'n demokratiese bedeling onder die ANC. In die eerste word beweeg van geen persvryheid, na sogenaamde onvoorwaardelike vryheid. In die tweede hou die voorgestelde Media Appèl Tribunaal, sekere wetsontwerpe, sowel as ander bedreigings, asook die ondemokratiese uitsprake en optrede van Suid-Afrika se staatshoof en sy regering, ernstige gevare in vir mediavryheid, ondanks grondwetlike waarborge. Die stelsel van selfregulering is relevant en word kortliks bespreek. Die gevolgtrekking is dat mediavryheid altyd voorwaardelik is, ondanks 'n pro tempore-belewenis dat dit onvoorwaardelik kan wees, en dat mediavryheid eweseer 'n kwessie is in 'n sogenaamde liberaal-demokratiese bedeling as wat dit in 'n vorige diktatoriale koloniale era was.
Acúmulo de forragem do capim marandu em função das fezes bovinas durante o ano
Authors: Carvalho R. M. , Santos M. E. R. , Carvalho B. H. R. , Costa L. K. P. , Carvalho C. R. A. , Silva N. A. M.
Published: September 2016

Ã‰ possível que os efeitos das fezes sobre o acúmulo de forragem do pasto dependam do clima, específico em cada estação do ano. Dessa forma, objetivou-se avaliar a dinâmica do acúmulo de forragem da Brachiaria brizantha cv. marandu durante as estações do ano e em locais próximos ou distantes das fezes depositadas pelos bovinos na pastagem. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. Foram calculadas as seguintes variáveis-respostas: taxa de crescimento de folha (TCF), taxa de crescimento de colmo (TCC), taxa de crescimento total (TCT), taxa de senescência foliar (TSF), taxa de acúmulo de folha (TAF), taxa de acúmulo total (TAT) e utilização do pasto (UP). As fezes bovinas influenciaram a TCF, a TCT, a TAF e a TAT, com maiores valores (P<0,05) nas plantas próximas (64, 78, 54 e 68 kg/ha/dia de MS, respectivamente) em relação às distantes das fezes (51, 69, 41 e 58 kg/ha/dia de MS, respectivamente). Com exceção da TSF, que foi maior (P<0,05) no inverno (20 kg/ha/dia de MS), todas as demais características tiveram maiores valores no verão. A UP foi inferior (P<0,05) no inverno (11,9%), em comparação às demais estações do ano (88,7; 93,6 e 85,1% na primavera, verão e outono, respectivamente). Independentemente da estação do ano, a deposição de fezes bovinas no pasto de Brachiaria brizantha cv. marandu aumenta o crescimento da planta forrageira. O clima apresenta maior influência em relação à presença das fezes sobre o acúmulo de forragem do capim-marandu.
Comparação de modelos não lineares para descrever o crescimento de fêmeas leiteiras mêstiças taurino x zebu no Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Pereira M. A. , Menezes M. L. , Oliveira V. S. , Guimarães J. C. T. , Santos A. D. F.
Published: September 2016

Objetivou-se comparar as funções matemáticas de Brody (BD), Von Bertalanffy (VB), Logístico (LG) e Gompertz (GP), identificar a que melhor descreve o crescimento, estimar componentes da curva (peso assintótico: a; índice de maturidade: k) e caracterizar o formato (ponto de inflexão: PI; taxa de crescimento instantâneo: TCI) da curva média de crescimento de fêmeas mestiças (Bos taurus x Bos indicus) em sistema de produção semi-extensivo. Foram utilizados 537 registros de pesagens realizadas em intervalos de 30 dias durante o período de 2010 a 2012, pertencentes a três propriedades. Os valores de a e k foram, respectivamente, 1.982 kg e 0,000286 kg/dia para BD; 550,50 kg e 0,00232 kg/dia para VB; 405,20 kg e 0,006374 kg/dia para LG e 479,70 kg e 0,00353 kg/dia para GP. Baseado nos critérios estatísticos observou-se que os modelos VB, BD e LG apresentaram os maiores (>0,74) coeficientes de determinação ajustados (Ra²), e menor valor do resíduo foi encontrado no modelo GP (4.918,38), indicando que todos os modelos se adequaram estatisticamente aos dados observados. Para os critérios de interpretação biológica, os modelos VB (8,48 meses) e LG (9,4 meses) apresentaram PI mais próximos do observado, o modelo VB (12,04-0,535 kg/mês) foi o único capaz de descrever a TCI, e os demais modelos subestimaram o incremento de peso corporal. O modelo de VB apresentou o melhor ajuste aos dados de crescimento de fêmeas mestiças com alta variabilidade genética em sistema semi-extensivo.
Erosão dental ocupacional: aspectos clínicos e tratamento
Authors: Tuñas Inger Teixeira de Campos , Medeiros Urubatan Vieira de , Tedesco Gustavo , Bastos Luciana Freitas
Published: September 2016

Objetivo: Evidenciar os principais grupos de trabalhadores expostos à erosão dental ocupacional, às características clínicas desta doença e como orientá-los para preveni-la. Material e Métodos: Realizou-se uma pesquisa nas bases de dados PubMed/Medline, Portal Capes e Scielo, utilizando-se as palavras-chave: occupational, dental e erosion. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos em português e inglês, em sua versão completa. Artigos publicados antes do ano 2000 e que não tratavam diretamente do tema, foram excluídos. Resultados: A literatura revela uma grande falta de padronização dos trabalhos, o que dificulta a comparação entre os mesmos. As próprias características da erosão, muitas vezes associada a outros processos não cariosos, limita trabalhos in vivo. Conclusão: Concluiu-se que as principais categorias profissionais relacionadas à erosão dental são: trabalhadores de indústrias de pilhas, químicas, corantes, minerais, metais; provadores de vinho e nadadores profissionais. Também se observou que medidas preventivas devem ser propostas nos ambientes laborais a fim de evitar/minimizar esta doença nos trabalhadores citados.
Infecção secundária e persistente e sua relação com o fracasso do tratamento endodôntico
Authors: Lacerda Mariane Floriano Lopes Santos , Coutinho Thais Machado , Barrocas Deborah , Rodrigues Janderson Teixeira , Vidal Fábio
Published: September 2016

Objetivo: O objetivo da presente revisão de literatura foi discutir a relação entre a infecção secundária e a infecção persistente e o insucesso endodôntico. Material e Métodos: Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica abrangendo artigos de revisão e de pesquisa, a partir de buscas em bases de dados SciELO, Periodicos CAPES, PubMed e MedLine utilizando os seguintes descritores: endodontia, periodontite periapical, infecção. Foram incluídos artigos publicados no período de 1990 a 2016 e escritos nas línguas inglesa e portuguesa. Além disso, os artigos foram selecionados após a leitura do seu resumo e a verificação da adequação do mesmo ao conteúdo dessa revisão. Resultados: A literatura atual parece concordar que a desinfecção inadequada do sistema de canais radiculares e mecanismos de adaptação e resistência microbiana desempenham papel importante no insucesso endodôntico. Porém, a mesma ainda é controversa com relação ao papel do E. faecalis nesses casos de insucesso. Conclusão: Pode-se concluir, dentro das limitações do presente estudo, que o respeito às técnicas endodônticas é fundamental para obter sucesso e que novos estudos, utilizando proteômica, podem contribuir para esclarecer quais os principais micro-organismos envolvidos, bem como seu mecanismo de ação.
Epilepsia e Odontologia: uma revisão da literatura
Authors: Baumgarten Alexandre , Cancino Claudia Marcela Hernandez
Published: September 2016

Objetivo: Este estudo pretendeu realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre o conhecimento necessário aos cirurgiões-dentistas (CD) no atendimento dos pacientes com epilepsia. Material e Métodos: Revisão de literatura, por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica em livros e nas bases de dados PubMed Central e Scientific Eletronic Library Online. Resultados: A abordagem segue desde a importância da anamnese, verificando-se os tipos de crises convulsivas, os momentos desencadeadores, os fármacos e seus efeitos. Ainda, vários são os detalhes que o CD deve ter conhecimento, tais como a segurança no uso de anestésicos locais, o cuidado durante o atendimento, em especial com a luz do refletor, as interações medicamentosas dos fármacos anticonvulsivantes e suas implicações bucais diretas e indiretas, os traumatismos dentários devido às convulsões, os fármacos e abordagens para se intervir em situação de emergência. Conclusão: O CD precisa conhecer as principais características do paciente epilético devido a suas particularidades neurológicas, sempre buscando oferecer as melhores orientações no tratamento e manejo odontológicos.
Revisão de literatura das propriedades físico-químicas e biológicas de um cimento à base de silicato de cálcio
Authors: Valentim Rodrigo De Menezes , Silva Luciane Martins da Mata , Silva Camilla Corrêa da , Carvalho Nancy Kudsi , Vieira Victor Talarico Leal , Silva Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da
Published: September 2016

Objetivo: O objetivo do presente trabalho foi revisar as publicações prévias sobre o EndoSequence BC Sealer com o intuito de avaliar os resultados obtidos por este cimento em relação às suas propriedades biológicas e físico-químicas, analisando-se, assim, de forma mais consistente, diversos âmbitos de sua atuação e possíveis desfechos de seu uso clínico realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre este material. Material e Métodos: Uma busca extensiva na literatura foi realizada para identificação de todos os artigos publicados sobre o cimento EndoSequence BC Sealer, considerando-se estudos que avaliaram suas propriedades biológicas e físico-químicas. A estratégia de busca foi fundamentada no acesso às bases de dados PubMed e Bireme. Resultados: Trinta e dois artigos satisfizeram os critérios de inclusão e foram utilizados na presente revisão. Os artigos demonstraram que o cimento possui radiopacidade, escoamento, solubilidade e alteração dimensional adequadas. Além disso, o cimento possui atividade antimicrobiana e é biocompatível. Conclusão: A avaliação dos trabalhos prévios do EndoSequence BC Sealer permite concluir que o cimento EndoSequence BC Sealer demonstrou performance satisfatória quanto as propriedades necessárias para um material obturador endodôntico.
Learning Analytics – A Growing Field and Community Engagement
Authors: Gasevic Dragan , Dawson Shane , Mirriahi Negin , Long Phillip D.
Published: September 2016

This editorial discusses events that marked the period since the publication of the previous issue – the 5th International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge (LAK 2015), Learning Analytics Summer Institutes (LASIs 2015), and Learning Analytics Policy Briefing in the European Parliament. This period saw releases of two important publications for system-wide implementation of learning analytics in higher education published by Jisc and the Australian Government’s Office for Learning and Teaching. An important recognition of the maturation of the field of learning analytics is the recent publication of the 2015 Google Scholar Metrics identifying the LAK proceedings as the only conference proceedings among the 20 most cited publication venues in educational technology. Building bridges for enhancing impact is another important activity for the field maturation through developing linkages of learning analytics with educational data mining, user modeling, the learning sciences, technology enhanced learning, cyber-learning, and learning at scale. This editorial also introduces a special section published in this issue dedicated to the exploration of connections between self-regulated learning and learning analytics, introduces two regular research papers featured in this issue and describes several special sections that will be published in future issues of the journal.
Using Coherence Analysis to Characterize Self-Regulated Learning Behaviours in Open-Ended Learning Environments
Authors: Segedy James R , Kinnebrew John S , Biswas Gautam
Published: September 2016

Researchers have long recognized the potential benefits of using open-ended computer-based learning environments (OELEs) to study aspects of students’ self-regulated learning behaviours. However, measuring self-regulation in these environments is a difficult task. In this paper, we present our work in developing and evaluating coherence analysis (CA), a novel approach to interpreting students’ learning behaviours in OELEs. CA focuses on the learner’s ability to interpret and apply information encountered while working in the OELE. By characterizing behaviours in this manner, CA provides insight into students’ open-ended problem-solving strategies as well as the extent to which they understand the nuances of their current learning task. To validate our approach, we applied CA to data from a recent classroom study with Betty’s Brain. Results demonstrated relationships between CA-derived metrics, prior skill levels, task performance, and learning. Taken together, these results provide insight into students’ SRL processes and suggest targets for adaptive scaffolds to support students’ development of science understanding and open-ended problem solving skills.