bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMAKAIAN ABU AMPAS TEBU DENGAN VARIASI SUHU SEBAGAI SUBSTITUSI PARSIAL SEMEN DALAM CAMPURAN BETON
Authors: Karimah Rofikotul , Wahyudi Yusuf
Published: March 2019

PEMAKAIAN ABU AMPAS TEBU DENGAN VARIASI SUHUSEBAGAI SUBSTITUSI PARSIAL SEMEN DALAM CAMPURAN BETONThe Use Of Bagasse Ash With Temperature VariationsAs A Partial Substitution Of Cement In The Concrete MixRofikotul Karimah1& Yusuf Wahyudi21&2Jurusan Teknik Sipil – Fakultas Teknik Univ. Muhammadiyah MalangJl. Raya Tlogomas No. 246 Malang 65144Email: roikatulkarimah@gmail.comAbstractBagasse is natural resource that has not been maximally used. The bagasse cinders, waste of burning was taken from Kebon Agung sugar mill, Malang, contains 38,09% amount of silica. The research toward bagasse cinder is done by reburning it from temperature 400ºC, 500ºC, 600ºC, 700ºC and 800ºC with silica amount 49,60%, 52,59%, 53,92%, 54,46% and 54,96%. Based on the research result was obtained the best press power in 28 days old is bagasse cinder which is burnt in 400ºC of temperature by 5% precentage is 24,616 Mpa. The more high burning temperature, the lower of streng that is produced. The maximum water absorption value is in a mixed-bagasse cinder that is burnt in 800ºC of temperature is 1,061%. The proportion of correlation between streng and water disorption toward mixed bagasse cinder concrete is reverse. It is because of compound establisthhment of Ca(OH)2 with SiO2 is not happened yet perfectly, portlandid fase is still exist. Consequently, the expected cinder did not exist as changer role for repairing cement feature, on the contrary, it had filler role the same as sand.Keywords: bagasse cinder, strength, absorption.AbstrakAmpas tebu merupakan sumber daya alam yang masih belum maksimal pemanfaatannya. Limbah abu ampas tebu hasil sisa pembakaran yang didapat dari pabrik gula Kebon Agung, Malang memiliki kandungan silika sebesar 38,09%. Penelitian terhadap abu ampas tebu dilakukan dengan melakukan pembakaran ulang dari suhu 4000C, 5000C, 6000C, 7000C, dan 8000C dengan nilai silika yang didapat sebesar 49,60%, 52,59%, 53,92%, 54,46%, dan 54,96%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh kekuatan tekan yang paling baik pada umur 28 hari adalah abu ampas tebu yang dibakar pada suhu 4000C dengan persentase 5% sebesar 24,616 Mpa. Semakin tinggi suhu pembakaran kuat tekan yang dihasilkan semakin menurun. Nilai penyerapan air maksimum terdapat pada campuran abu ampas tebu yang di bakar pada suhu 8000C yakni sebesar 1,061%. Hubungan antara kuat tekan dan penyerapan air pada campuran beton abu ampas tebu berbanding terbalik. Hal tersebut terjadi karena pembentukan senyawa Ca(OH)2 dengan SiO2 belum terjadi secara sempurna, fase portlandidnya masih ada. Akhirnya abu yang dikehendaki tidak bertindak sebagai pengganti untuk memperbaiki sifat semen melainkan bertindak sebagai filler sama seperti pasir.Kata Kunci : abu ampas tebu, kuat tekan, absorbsi.
KAJIAN POTENSI HIDROLOGI EMBUNG IRIGASI WAE ROBANG DI KABUPATEN ROTE NDAO
Authors: Nurasiyah Siti
Published: March 2019

KAJIAN POTENSI HIDROLOGI EMBUNG IRIGASI WAE ROBANG DI KABUPATEN ROTE NDAOStudy The Potential Of Hidrology Wae Robang Irrigation Retention Basin In Rote Ndao DisrtrictSiti NurasiyahDepartemen Pendidikan Teknik Sipil, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesiaemail: iisnurasiyah82@yahoo.comAbstractRote Ndao District is one of the districts in the province of NTT, which has a fairly extensive irrigation areas and potential but less discharge to irrigate the irrigation area. Rote Ndao District has topography is hilly and much of the basin area can hold water, so one way to solve this problem is to build retention basin to hold excess water during the rainy season. Wae Robang retention basin is one of the retention basin will be built in Rote Ndao District. One aspect that must be examined in the planning of retention basin is hydrological analysis. The purpose of the analysis of hydrology at the location of Robang Wae retention basin is to assess the potential of existing hydrological includes inflows fill retention basin, retention basin reservoirs, and flood discharge plan. From the results of the hydrological analysis showed that the volume of water that can fill an Wae Robang retention basin during the rainy season amounted to 1,774,029 m3, retention basin reservoir design capacity Wae Robang retention basin amounted to 1,348,859 m3, and the flood discharge plan with a return period of 50 years for the spillway Wae Robang retention basin amounted to 21.71 m3/ sec.Keywords: Wae Robang, retention basin, hydrologi AbstrakKabupaten Rote Ndao merupakan salah satu kabupaten di provinsi NTT yang memiliki areal irigasi yang cukup luas dan cukup potensial tetapi kekurangan debit air untuk mengairi areal irigasi tersebut. Kabupaten Rote Ndao ini memiliki kondisi topografi yang berbukit-bukit dan banyak daerah cekungan yang dapat menampung air, maka salah satu cara untuk menanggulangi masalah ini adalah dengan membangun embung yang berguna untuk menampung air yang berlebihan pada waktu musim hujan. Embung Wae Robang merupakan salah satu embung yang akan dibangun di Kabupaten Rote Ndao. Salah satu aspek yang harus ditelaah dalam perencanaan embung adalah analisis hidrologi. Tujuan dari analisis hidrologi di lokasi embung Wae Robang ini adalah untuk mengkaji potensi hidrologi yang ada meliputi aliran masuk yang mengisi embung, tampungan embung, dan debit banjir rencana. Dari hasil analisis hidrologi didapatkan bahwa volume air yang dapat mengisi kolam Embung Wae Robang selama musim hujan adalah sebesar 1.774.029 m3, kapasitas tampung desain embung Wae Robang adalah sebesar 1.348.859 m3, dan debit banjir rencana dengan kala ulang 50 tahun untuk pelimpah embung Wae Robang adalah sebesar 21,71 m3/det.Kata kunci : Wae Robang, embung, hidrologi
Studi Evaluasi dan Pengembangan Jaringan Distribusi Air Bersih PDAM Kota Malang pada Kecamatan Kedungkandang
Authors: Shaleh Chairil , Angguntiana Afrenia Dewi
Published: March 2019

Clean water is a basic need for humans to get priority in the handling and fulfillment. To meet these needs should be evaluated and the development of clean water needs of the community so that optimally fulfilled. The purpose of this study is that calculates water requirements in the study area and plan the development of clean water distribution network system in the District Kedungkandang, to support the planning process pipelines are needed appropriate software tools that Waternet ver DEM09, this program serves to analyze the flow of water flowing in the pipeline and can determine the pressure in each pipe. Evaluation results show an increase in the service of PDAM Malang to the subdistrict. Kedungkandang of 72% (service in 2013) became 81.9% (Service 2024). By using geometric regression analysis, the projected number Kedungkandang District residents in 2024 reached 194 801 inhabitants. With the need for clean water that reaches the average 282.6 liters / sec, the distribution of water using gravity and pipe diameter is 25 mm - 150 mm.
OPTIMALISASI WAKTU PENYELESAIAN PEKERJAAN PROYEK KONSULTAN PENGAWASAN PADA DINAS PEKERJAAN UMUM DI KOTA TARAKAN
Authors: Syaihu Acmad , Anwar M. Ruslin , Pujiraharjo Alwafi
Published: March 2019

Penelitian yang dilakukan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui waktu optimal pekerjaan proyek dan pengawasan. Proyek pada umumnya memiliki batas waktu (deadline), artinya proyek harus diselesaikan sebelum atau tepat pada waktu yang telah ditentukan. Selain itu adanya keterlambatan berakibat kehilangan peluang pekerjaan pengawasan lain. adapun bagi owner keterlambatan penyelesaian pekerjaan proyek akan menyebabkan catatan yang tidak baik, sehingga penggunaan hasil pembangunan proyek menjadi mundur atau terlambat. Dengan metode PERT dan CPM dapat menentukan lintasan kritis (network planning) dalam suatu kegiatan proyek tahap demi tahap secara berurutan untuk penyelesaian kegiatan proyek tersebut.Dengan time schedule dapat menyusun network planning dan menentukan hitungan maju mundur dan kelongaran waktu.Hasil analisa pelaksanan dan pengawasan yang diambil tiga bidang PSDA,Bina Marga dan Cipta Karya terdiri dari 120 hari kalender,150 hari kalender dan 360 hari kalender. Dapat optimalisasi waktu fisik  menjadi 91 hari kalender menjadi 118 dan  menjadi 280 hari kalender dan Bidang PSDA, Bina Marga dan Cipta Karya pengawasan dapat menyelesaikan 104 hari kalender, 134 dan 300 hari kalender,kesimpulan dari penelitian ini ketiga bidang Optimal waktu dapat menyelesaikan pekerjaan,nilai Z= (99.99%, 98.98%, and 99.99%) dan pengawasan dapat meyelasaikan dilapangan kegiatan proyek tepat pada waktu yang telah ditentukan (95,91%, 93,94%, 99,99%).
PEDOMAN PENULISAN
Authors: PENULISAN PEDOMAN
Published: March 2019

PEDOMAN PENULISAN BENTUK NASKAH Jurnal Teknik Sipil menerima naskah dalam bentuk hasil penelitian (research paper), catatan penelitian (short  communication ), dan ulasan (review) baik dalam bahasa Indonesia maupun dalam bahasa Inggris PENYERAHAN NASKAH Penulis memakai tiga ekslempar naskah serta CD/DVD yang berisi naskah tersebut dan kirim ke :  Redaksi Jurnal Teknik Sipil Jurusan Teknik Sipil Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang Jl Raya Tlogomas No.246 Malang 65144 No Telp (0341) 464318 Psw 130 Fax. (0341) 460435, 460782 Email:jurnal.sipil.umm@gmail.com FORMAT NASKAH 1.    Naskah di ketik pada kertas A4 dengan spasi margin (dari semua tepi) 2,5 cm 2.    Dengan huruf Times New Roman dengan ukuran 10 3.    Nama ilmiah dalam naskah harus berbentuk italic Naskah disusun dengan sistematika sebagai berikut. 1.    Judul dalam bahasa Indonesia untuk naskah bahasa Indonesia, dan judul dalam bahasa Inggris untuk naskah dalam bahasa Inggris (Judul maksimum 15 kata) 2.    Nama Lengkap penulis (jangan disingkat) tidak disertai dengan gelar 3.    Nama, alamat lengkap , email penulis untuk korespondensi, dan kode pos lembaga / institute 4.    Abstrak dalam bahasa Inggris (maksimum 200 kata ). Kata kunci dalam bahasa inggris maksimum 5 kata 5.    Pendahuluan 6.    Metode 7.    Hasil dan pembahasan 8.    Simpulan 9.    Daftar Pustaka (jurnal minimum 70% dari jumlah pustakaa yang digunakan) Naskah hasil penelitian maksimum 13 halaman termasuk gambar dan table. Catatan penelitian dan ulasan maksimum 12 halaman. Naskah catatan judul, metode, hasil dan pembahasan. Naskah ulasan berisi ulasan penelitian-penelitian (termasuk hasil penelitian penulis)dan pandangan ke depan tentang topic yang diulas. Nama organism (baik nama Indonesia, maupun nama daerah)yang tidak umum dikenal harus diikuti nama ilmiahnya pada pengungkapan pertama kali FORMAT GAMBAR Gambar grafik maksimum lebar 8,5 yang dibuat dalam program Microsoft Excel. Angka dan huruf keterangan gambar menggunakan huruf bertipe Times New Roman dengan ukuran 8 poin. Kop gambar disertakan sesuai dengan urutan gambar. FORMAT TABEL Angka dan huruf menggunakan huruf bertipe Times New Roman berukuran 8 poin. Singkatan yang ada dalam table diberikan. Kepanjangan singkatan tersebut di bawah table. Pada table disertakan kop table sesuai dengan urutan table. DAFTAR PUSTAKA Daftar pustaka ditulis memakai system nama tahun dan disusun secara abjad Jurnal Dulal K.N (2002), Aplication of Data Driven Techiques in Hydrological Modelling, Msc.The sis, HH 434, Dlft, The Netherlands Buku Oglesby, CH, dan R. Gary Hicks. 1982. Teknik Jalan Raya. Edisi Ke empat Jilid 1. Terjemahan Ir. Purwo Setianto, 1999. Jakarta: Erlangga. Skripsi/Tesis/Disertasi Sulianto, 2009, “Algoritma Genetik untuk meningkatkan Kinerja Model Standar pada Analisa Transformasi Data hujan menjadi Data Aliran”,   BIAYA Tiap halaman cetak dikenakan biaya Rp.40.000,- Halaman dengan gambar/grafik hitam-putih Rp.60.000,-
Motivational bases of commitment to organizational change in the Chinese public sector
Authors: Liu Bangcheng , Zhang Zonghe
Published: March 2019

Does public sector employees’ public service motivation (PSM) affect their psychological reactions to organizational change? We examined the effects of PSM on public sector employees’ commitment to a specific organizational change. Participants were 231 public sector employees
from a city in eastern China, who completed surveys assessing commitment to change and PSM. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between PSM and employees’ commitment to organizational change. That is, individuals with high (vs. low) PSM were more likely to have
high levels of continuance and normative commitment, whereas PSM was not significantly correlated with affective commitment to organizational change. Practical implications are discussed of a successful planned change in the public sector, including staffing, communication, and discipline
during the change process.
ENTENDIMENTO DOS AGENTES COMUNITÁRIOS DE SAÚDE ACERCA DA EDUCAÇÃO PERMANENTE EM SAÚDE
Authors: Márcia Neri Sampaio Daniela , Newma Ribeiro Souza Mirella , Maria Mesquita Mendes Pires Vilara , Alves Paz de Carvalho Cristiane
Published: March 2019

Este estudo teve como objetivos conhecer como os agentes comunitários de saúde (ACS) entendem a Educação Permanente em Saúde (EPS); identificar se a EPS influencia no cotidiano de atuação dos ACS e de que forma isso ocorre. Trata-se e um estudo qualitativo, com enfoque descritivo e exploratório. Os participantes foram 10 ACS que atuavam na Estratégia de Saúde da Família de uma cidade de pequeno porte. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizada entrevista semiestruturada, e para análise utilizou-se Análise de Conteúdo Temática. Os resultados evidenciaram que os ACS entendem a EPS numa perspectiva de orientações e informações que eles dão às famílias e também como as capacitações que recebem para o desenvolvimento do seu trabalho. Quanto à influência das atividades de EPS, os mesmos disseram que esta beneficia à equipe, dão segurança no desenvolvimento de suas atividades e favorecem à população. Diante disso, o reducionismo entre a proposta da EPS e as falas dos participantes é notório, o que implica na necessidade de um maior incentivo e instrumentalização dos profissionais da Atenção Básica sobre a EPS.
PERFIL SOCIODEMOGRÁFICO DA SÍFILIS CONGÊNITA NA BAHIA NO ANO DE 2012
Authors: Silva Souza Flávia , De Souza Sena Marques Jeane , Santos Ribeiro Bárbara , Pita Barreto Neta Meira Adélia , De Jesus Soares Carine
Published: March 2019

Essa pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar o perfil sociodemográfico da Sífilis Congênita na Bahia no ano de 2012. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo descritivo, que analisou dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde do Brasil (DATASUS), referente aos casos de infecção de sífilis congênita notificados no ano de 2012, durante o mês de setembro do ano de 2016. Os resultados demonstram que no ano de 2012 foram notificados 545 casos, uma incidência de 2,59 casos novos/1000 nascidos vivos. Destes 23,67% das gestantes apresentaram nível de escolaridade de 5ª a 8ª série incompleta, sendo predominante a raça criança com 49,72% parda, destes apenas 19,45% das mães realizaram o pré-natal, 51,74% das gestantes iniciaram o tratamento no ano de 2012, o diagnóstico do Recém-nascido (RN) foi realizado com até 6 dias em 95,60% dos casos. Observa-se um elevado número casos de sífilis congênita na Bahia no ano referente. Ao analisar as variáveis escolhidas ficou evidenciado que existe uma relação direta com o baixo nível de escolaridade, pois obteve-se 59,09% de casos notificados com essa escolaridade. Conclui-se que a sífilis congênita continua sendo um grande desafio, apesar de ser de fácil diagnóstico e tratamento de baixo custo, quando comparado com as graves seqüelas ocasionadas ao recém-nascido, no entanto necessita melhor efetivação de ações na assistência à saúde.
AVALIAÇÃO DE ALTERAÇÕES REATIVAS E LESÕES CELULARES EM ESFREGAÇOS CERVICOVAGINAIS DE UMA UNIDADE DE SAÚDE BAIANA
Authors: Emmannuelle Andrade de Santana Sintia , Liz Araújo dos Santos Tássia , Hass Meira Carla , Silva Meira Berlley , Ferreira Queiroz Raphael
Published: March 2019

O exame cervicovaginal ou Papanicolaou é um teste simples que pode detectar o câncer de colo de útero, bem como lesões precursoras em um estágio precoce e curável. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, por análise documental, os resultados dos exames citológicos cervicovaginais realizados em 2013 em uma unidade de saúde do sudoeste da Bahia. A amostra totalizou 878 exames, onde 44,9% estavam dentro dos limites de normalidade; 41,6% com inflamação; 12,4% com atrofia associada à inflamação; 0,8% com células escamosas atípicas de significado indeterminado; 0,2% como lesão intraepitelial escamosa de baixo-grau e 0,1% como lesão intraepitelial escamosa de alto-grau. As ações desenvolvidas nesta instituição, envolvendo a avaliação e controle do diagnóstico do câncer de colo uterino, são satisfatórias, especialmente na faixa etária de quarenta anos.
CUIDADO À MULHER EM SITUAÇÃO DE VIOLÊNCIA DOMÉSTICA NO ÂMBITO DA ESTRATÉGIA SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA
Authors: Alves Dias Giberto , Souza Silva Jeniffer , Rodrigues de Jesus Luanna , De Andrade Santos Ninalva , Palmarella Rodrigues Vanda
Published: March 2019

Objetivou-se descrever o cuidado à mulher emsituação de violência doméstica desenvolvido porprofissionais que atuam na Estratégia Saúde daFamília. Pesquisa descritiva, qualitativa, que tevecomo participantes 24 profissionais das Unidadesde Saúde da Família de um município do interiorbaiano. Os dados foram coletados por meio deentrevistas semiestruturada e analisados pelatécnica de análise de conteúdo temática. Osresultados mostraram que as(os) profissionaisorientam as mulheres sobre as diferentes formasde violência e outras(os) não consideram aviolência doméstica como um problema de saúdepública, negligenciando as ações de cuidado àsmulheres em situação de violência doméstica.Destaca-se ainda a ênfase nos cuidados técnicose a carência de cursos de capacitação sobreviolência. Urge a necessidade de uma formaçãoprofissional que instrumentalize as equipes desaúde a ressignificarem as práticas de cuidado àmulher em situação de violência contemplando aprevenção, identificação e encaminhamento aosserviços da rede.
Structure-activity relationship and in silico study of unique bi-heterocycles: 5-[(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol derivatives
Authors: Abbasi Muhammad , Ramzan Muhammad , Aziz-Ur-Rehman A , Siddiqui Sabahat , Hassan Mubashir , Raza Hussain , Shah Syed , Mirza Bushra , Seo Sung-Yum
Published: March 2019

This paper presents the synthesis of some unique bi-heterocyclic hybrid molecules with a thiazole and an oxadiazole ring. The synthesis was initiated by the conversion of ethyl 2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)acetate (1) to the corresponding 2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)acetohydrazide (2) by the reaction with hydrazine hydrate in methanol. The treatment of the acid hydrazide, 2, with carbon disulfide gave the bi-heterocyclic nucleophile, 5-[(2-amino-1,3- -thiazol-4-yl)methyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol (3). Finally, the target compounds, 5a?o, were synthesized by stirring the nucleophile 3 with different electrophiles, 4a?o, in DMF using LiH as a base and an activator. The structures of the newly synthesized molecules were confirmed through spectroscopic techniques, such as IR, EI-MS, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. The structure? ?activity relationship of all these bi-heterocycles was established by evaluating them against four enzymes, namely, acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, urease and ?-glucosidase, followed by their in silico study. Moreover, their cytotoxicity was also profiled by killing data of brine shrimps at various concentrations.
A Unique Role of Carboxylesterase 3 (Ces3) in β-Adrenergic Signaling–Stimulated Thermogenesis
Authors: Yang Li , Li Xin , Tang Hui , Gao Zhanguo , Zhang Kangling , Sun Kai
Published: March 2019

Carboxylesterase 3 (Ces3) is a hydrolase with a wide range of activities in liver and adipose tissue. In this study, we identified Ces3 as a major lipid droplet surface-targeting protein in adipose tissue upon cold exposure by liquid chromatography—tandem mass spectrometry. To investigate the function of Ces3 in the β-adrenergic signaling–activated adipocytes, we applied WWL229, a specific Ces3 inhibitor, or genetic inhibition by siRNA to Ces3 on isoproterenol (ISO)–treated 3T3-L1 and brown adipocyte cells. We found that blockage of Ces3 by WWL229 or siRNA dramatically attenuated the ISO-induced lipolytic effect in the cells. Furthermore, Ces3 inhibition led to impaired mitochondrial function measured by Seahorse. Interestingly, Ces3 inhibition attenuated an ISO-induced thermogenic program in adipocytes by downregulating Ucp1 and Pgc1α genes via peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor γ. We further confirmed the effects of Ces3 inhibition in vivo by showing that the thermogenesis in adipose tissues was significantly attenuated in WWL229-treated or adipose tissue–specific Ces3 heterozygous knockout (Adn-Cre-Ces3flx/wt) mice. As a result, the mice exhibited dramatically impaired ability to defend their body temperature in coldness. In conclusion, our study highlights a lipolytic signaling induced by Ces3 as a unique process to regulate thermogenesis in adipose tissue.
FGF19 Analog as a Surgical Factor Mimetic That Contributes to Metabolic Effects Beyond Glucose Homeostasis
Authors: DePaoli Alex M. , Zhou Mei , Kaplan Daniel D. , Hunt Steven C. , Adams Ted D. , Learned R. Marc , Tian Hui , Ling Lei
Published: March 2019

Bariatric surgery has proven to be the most effective treatment for controlling hyperglycemia in severely obese patients with diabetes. We show that fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19), a gut hormone, is rapidly induced by bariatric surgery in rodents and humans. Administration of FGF19 achieves diabetes remission independent of weight loss in animal models of diabetes, supporting a role for FGF19 in the hormonal remodeling that restores metabolic function after the surgery. Through an unbiased, systematic screen in diabetic mice, we identified selective, safe, and effective FGF19 analogs. Unexpectedly, a lead FGF19 analog, NGM282, did not correct hyperglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes. In contrast, administration of NGM282 resulted in a rapid, robust, and sustained reduction in liver fat content and an improvement in liver histology in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, faithfully replicating another key benefit of bariatric surgery. Our work identifies a strategy for replacing the surgery with an equally effective, but less invasive, treatment for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
Comparative Effectiveness and Maintenance of Diabetes Self-Management Education Interventions for Marshallese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: McElfish Pearl A. , Long Christopher R. , Kohler Peter O. , Yeary Karen H.K. , Bursac Zoran , Narcisse Marie-Rachelle , Felix Holly C. , Rowland Brett , Hudson Jonell S. , Goulden Peter A.
Published: March 2019

OBJECTIVE

Marshallese adults experience high rates of type 2 diabetes. Previous diabetes self-management education (DSME) interventions among Marshallese were unsuccessful. This study compared the extent to which two DSME interventions improved glycemic control, measured on the basis of change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

A two-arm randomized controlled trial compared a standard-model DSME (standard DSME) with a culturally adapted family-model DSME (adapted DSME). Marshallese adults with type 2 diabetes (n = 221) received either standard DSME in a community setting (n = 111) or adapted DSME in a home setting (n = 110). Outcome measures were assessed at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 6 and 12 months after the intervention and were examined with adjusted linear mixed-effects regression models.

RESULTS

Participants in the adapted DSME arm showed significantly greater declines in mean HbA1c immediately (−0.61% [95% CI −1.19, −0.03]; P = 0.038) and 12 months (−0.77% [95% CI −1.38, −0.17]; P = 0.013) after the intervention than those in the standard DSME arm. Within the adapted DSME arm, participants had significant reductions in mean HbA1c from baseline to immediately after the intervention (−1.18% [95% CI −1.55, −0.81]), to 6 months (−0.67% [95% CI −1.06, −0.28]), and to 12 months (−0.87% [95% CI −1.28, −0.46]) (P < 0.001 for all). Participants in the standard DSME arm had significant reductions in mean HbA1c from baseline to immediately after the intervention (−0.55% [95% CI −0.93, −0.17]; P = 0.005).

CONCLUSIONS

Participants receiving the adapted DSME showed significantly greater reductions in mean HbA1c immediately after and 12 months after the intervention than the reductions among those receiving standard DSME. This study adds to the body of research that shows the potential effectiveness of culturally adapted DSME that includes participants’ family members.
Dysglycemia and the Density of the Coronary Vasa Vasorum
Authors: Gerstein Hertzel C. , Nair Vidhya , Chaube Ruchi , Stoute Heidi , Werstuck Geoff
Published: March 2019

OBJECTIVE

This study was conducted to determine the relationship between dysglycemia and the coronary artery vasa vasorum density.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

The left anterior descending coronary artery was removed from 57 deceased individuals during autopsy, and the capillaries in the vessel wall were identified using fluorescent immunohistochemical staining. HbA1c was determined in postmortem whole blood for each individual. The density of the vasa vasorum in the intima-media and the adventitia was manually quantified and recorded by readers unaware of the individual’s other characteristics.

RESULTS

The individuals with diabetes had a lower density of the coronary vasa vasorum than those without diabetes. The higher the HbA1c, the lower the density of these vessels in the adventitia and entire vessel wall.

CONCLUSIONS

Dysglycemia-induced damage to the vasa vasorum may promote ischemic heart disease in people with diabetes.
Efficacy and Safety of Empagliflozin in Renal Transplant Recipients With Posttransplant Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Halden Thea Anine Strøm , Kvitne Kine Eide , Midtvedt Karsten , Rajakumar Laavanyaah , Robertsen Ida , Brox Jan , Bollerslev Jens , Hartmann Anders , Åsberg Anders , Jenssen Trond
Published: March 2019

OBJECTIVE

Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have lately become the recommended treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk. Patients with posttransplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) also have high cardiovascular risk. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of empagliflozin in renal transplant recipients with PTDM.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Forty-nine renal transplant recipients were included in an investigator-initiated, single-center, prospective, double-blind study and randomized to receive either 10 mg empagliflozin or placebo once daily for 24 weeks. Patients transplanted >1 year ago, diagnosed with PTDM, with stable renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] >30 mL/min/1.73 m2), and with stable immunosuppressive therapy were studied.

RESULTS

Forty-four renal transplant recipients (22 empagliflozin/22 placebo, 34 males) completed the study. Median (interquartile range) change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was significantly reduced with empagliflozin compared with placebo: −0.2% (−0.6, −0.1) (−2.0 mmol/mol [−6.5, −1.0]) vs. 0.1% (−0.1, 0.4) (1.0 mmol/mol [−0.75, 3.8]) (P = 0.025). The magnitude of glucose reduction was dependent on GFR and baseline HbA1c. The treatment also resulted in a significant reduction in body weight of −2.5 kg (−4.0, −0.05) compared with an increase of 1.0 kg (0.0, 2.0) in the placebo group (P = 0.014). There were no significant differences between the groups in adverse events, immunosuppressive drug levels, or eGFR.

CONCLUSIONS

Empagliflozin appeared safe and improved glycemic control in renal transplant recipients with PTDM compared with placebo. A concomitant reduction in body weight was seen.
Mammography Images Segmentation Based on Fuzzy Set and Thresholding
Authors: Salih Ali Mohammed , Kamil Mohammed Y.
Published: March 2019

Breast cancer is the most widespread cancer that influences ladies about the world. Early recognition of breast tumor is a standout amongst the hugest variables influencing the probability of recuperation from the illness. Hence, mammography remains the most precise and best device for distinguishing breast malignancy.

This paper presents a method for segment the boundary of breast masses regions in mammograms via a proposed algorithm based on fuzzy set techniques. Firstly, it was used data set (mini-MIAS) for evaluate algorithm. it was preprocessing the data set to remove noise and propose a fuzzy set by using fuzzy inference system by generated two input parameters (employs image gradient), then used thresholding filter. Then it was evaluated this proposed method, qualitative and quantitative results were obtained to demonstrate the efficiency of this method and confirm the possibility of its use in improving the diagnosis.
Turizm ve Yiyecek Tüketimi: Uluslararası Alanyazın Üzerine Bibliyometrik Bir Analiz
Authors: Nebioğlu Oğuz
Published: March 2019

Araştırma son yıllarda
turizmde popüler bir konu halini alan yiyecek tüketimi olgusunu betimsel analiz
çerçevesinde doküman inceleme yöntemini kullanarak incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Web of Science veri tabanından “Tourism” ve “Food Consumption” kelimeleri
birlikte aratılarak ulaşılan toplam 265 çalışma araştırmanın örneklemini
oluşturmaktadır. Veriler Citespace II bibliyometrik analiz programı aracılığı
ile yayın bilgileri, kelime analizleri, atıf bilgileri ve ülke iş
birliktelikleri olmak üzere dört ana başlıkta analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma, yayınların
yıllara göre dağılımını, bu konuda en fazla çalışmaya sahip yayınlar ve
araştırma alanlarını, turizm ve yiyecek tüketimi konusunda öne çıkan anahtar
kelimeleri, yıllara göre atıf dağılımlarını, atıf sayılarına göre çalışmaların
sınıflandırılmasını, en fazla atıf alan ve en merkezi durumdaki çalışmalar ile
yazarları ve söz konusu alana en fazla katkı sağlayan ülkeleri belirlemiştir. Araştırma
sonuçlarının turizm ve yiyecek tüketimi konusuna ilgi duyanlara araştırma
alanının genel eğilimleri bağlamında kapsamlı bir çerçeve çizdiği düşünülmektedir.
Bilişsel Uyumsuzluk Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: Yücel Esin , Çizel Beykan
Published: March 2019

Sweeney ve
arkadaşlarının (2000) karar sonrası uyumsuzluğun duygusal ve bilişsel yönlerini
ölçmek için geliştirdikleri Bilişsel Uyumsuzluk Ölçeği üç faktörlü bir yapı
altında toplam 12 maddeden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı, bu ölçeği Türkçe
literatüre kazandırmaktır. Ölçek konaklama satın alımı yapan 290 (146 kadın,
144 erkek) otel müşterisine uygulanmıştır. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda
toplam açıklanan varyansın %77,7 olduğu ve maddelerin üç alt boyut altında
toplandığı saptanmıştır. Bu alt boyutlar; duygusal uyumsuzluk, satın almada
akılcılık ve kandırılma endişesidir. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliliğini sağlamak için
uygulanan doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda üç boyutlu bu yapının iyi uyum
verdiği bulunmuştur. Ölçeğin güvenirlik analizi sonucunda iç tutarlılık
katsayısı 0,93’tür. Duygusal boyut için iç tutarlılık katsayısı 0,87; satın almada
akılcılık ve kandırılma endişesi boyutları için ise 0,91’dir. Bilişsel
Uyumsuzluk Ölçeğinin Türkçe formunun kabul edilebilir değerlerde güvenilir ve
geçerli bir ölçme aracı olduğu söylenebilir. Ülkemizde, satın alma ile ilgili
deneyimler konusunda yapılacak araştırmalarda bu tür ölçeklere gereksinim
vardır ve ölçeğin bu bağlamda yapılacak araştırmalarda kullanılabileceği
umulmaktadır.
Etno-Restoranlarda Otantikliği Deneyimlemek - Kırgızistan’da Etno-Restoranlar: Supara ve Dasmia
Authors: İnce Cemal , Turganbaeva Nadira , Samatova Gülmira
Published: March 2019

Supara ve Dasmia
Etno-restoran Kırgız mutfağına ait yiyecek ve içecekleri Al’a carte, banket ve
geleneksel servis yöntemleri ile yerli ve yabancı konuklara sunmaktadır.
Araştırmada, Supara ve Dasmia Etno-Restoranlarının konuk karşılamada geleneksel
Kırgız konuk karşılama ritüellerini, yemek hazırlamada geleneksel Kırgız
mutfağının hazırlama, pişirme ve sunum tekniklerini uyguladıkları, yerli ve
yabancı konuklarına Kırgız kültürel yaşamından örnekler sundukları
görülmektedir. Supara ve Dasmia 
Etno-Restoranlarının, aynı zamanda tema olarak geleneksel Kırgız çadırı
(üy) olan Boz Üyü (Boz yurt), ünitelerini, sofra kurallarını ve sosyal
statülerini konuklarına deneyimlettikleri belirlenmiştir.
Measuring Crop-Available Phosphorus
Authors: Kovar John , Cantarella Heitor
Published: March 2019

It is likely more critical than ever to have access to proven indicators of the plant availability of P given the awareness of the implications of its management in crop production and the surrounding environment. Methods of assessing P availability will vary regionally, but commonly achieve good correlation to plant response. Continued improvement in the delivery of P sources to crops is in turn encouraging research that is improving our understanding of how to assess the behavior of P in soil.
Improved Plant Diversity as a Strategy to Increase Available Soil Phosphorus
Authors: Crusciol Carlos , Rigon João , Calonego Juliano , Soratto Rogério
Published: March 2019

Some crop species could be used inside a cropping system as part of a strategy to increase soil P availability due to their capacity to recycle P and shift the equilibrium between soil P fractions to benefit the main crop. The release of P by crop residue decomposition, and mobilization and uptake of otherwise recalcitrant P are important mechanisms capable of increasing P availability and crop yields.
Phosphorus Use in High Yield Cropping Systems
Authors: Hopkins Bryan
Published: March 2019

You don’t run a marathon on a diet. Just as high-performance athletes require carefully managed nutrition, producing high-yielding crops necessitates knowledge and care when it comes to nutrient management. This is especially true for P, which is often inadequately supplied to sustain high crop yields.
Sustainable Phosphorus Management: Defining 4R Practices
Authors: Peterson Heidi , Bruulsema Tom
Published: March 2019

Sustainability assurance programs seek clear definitions of 4R phosphorus practices that support continued improvement in both water quality and crop yields. Increasing phosphorus use efficiency is not enough. Site-specific practices addressing region-specific challenges are required.
Phosphorus: Past History and Contributions to the Global Food Supply
Authors: Roberts Terry
Published: March 2019

Since its early rudimentary forms, phosphate fertilizer has developed in step with our understanding of successful food production systems. Recognized as essential to life, the responsible use P in agriculture remains key to food security.
Cycling and Anthropogenic Use of Phosphorus in the 21st Century: Geoscientific and Geosocial Foundations of Agriculture
Authors: Scholz Roland , Wellmer Friedrich-Wilhelm
Published: March 2019

The global P cycle is considered from the perspective of geologic and historic timescales to help in the understanding of whether and when fundamental changes in agricultural practices for sustainable P may be needed.
Cervantes a Kafka. La condena del autor y la "crítica como sabotaje" de Manuel Asensi
Authors: Gracia Gómez Alfonso A.
Published: March 2019

La disolución o “muerte” del autor es constitutiva del problema de la identidad, particularmente característica de los estudios culturales. Con tal premisa, nos serviremos de algunas nociones tomadas de la “crítica como sabotaje” de Manuel Asensi con el objeto de defender que la noción de autor no solo “sobrevive” a su cuestionamiento, sino que se trata de un elemento que característicamente insiste en aparecer a través de determinados gestos, que son imprescindibles desde un cuestionamiento subjetivo de la escritura como fenómeno de comunicación. Para ello vamos a mirarnos en el espejo del Quijote de Cervantes y, de forma especial, en “La Condena” de Franz Kafka.
Analisis Industri Kreatif Dalam Memanfaatkan Identitas Kota Melalui Media Baru
Authors: Rusdi Farid , Sukendro Gregorius Genep
Published: March 2019

Creative industry in Indonesia is growing rapidly cannot be separated from new media support. Utilization of new media by the creative industry attracts potential customers not only from domestic but also from abroad. They can get information about the creative industry through new media. The place where the creative industry is there is also a consideration for potential consumers in determining the choice. In this study aims to find out how the creative industry strategy communicates the attractiveness of the place where they are so that the interest of potential customers. This research will use marketing communication theory and new media. And in analyzing data obtained by researcher will use SOSTAC analysis. In addition to observation and literature study, researchers also conducted interviews with industry parties from two cities that are identical with the creative industries of Bandung and Yogyakarta, which has gained a reputation in overseas markets. From this research found that creative industry players have the potential to attract tourists, especially from abroad.  Industri kreatif di Indonesia berkembang pesat tidak bisa lepas dari dukungan media baru. Pemanfaatan media baru oleh industri kreatif menarik minat calon konsumen tidak hanya dari dalam negeri tapi juga dari luar negeri. Mereka bisa mendapatkan informasi tentang industri kreatif melalui media baru. Tempat di mana industri kreatif itu ada juga menjadi pertimbangan bagi calon konsumen dalam menentukan pilihannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana strategi industri kreatif mengkomunikasikan daya tarik tempat di mana mereka berada sehingga menjadi daya tarik minat calon konsumen. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori komunikasi pemasaran dan media baru. Dan dalam menganalisis data yang diperoleh peneliti menggunakan analisis SOSTAC. Selain melakukan observasi dan studi pustaka, peneliti juga melakukan wawancara dengan pihak industri dari dua kota yang identik dengan industri kreatif yakni Bandung dan Yogyakarta yang sudah mendapat reputasi di pasar mancanegara. Dari penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa pelaku industri kreatif memiliki potensi untuk menarik minat wisatawan terutama dari luar negeri.
Wacana Perbedaan Gender Dalam Artikel Pendidikan Seks Remaja (Analisis Wacana Kritis Artikel Seksualitas Majalah Hai Edisi 1995-2004)
Authors: Sokowati Muria Endah
Published: March 2019

Adolescence is a social category considered as apolitical, hedonist, consumptive, and uncritical. They often become the object of socialization and education of morality from adult. Many social institutions, including the media have subjugated their desire in the name of sex education. Hai magazine-segmented its product for teenage boys-displayed sexual contents for sex education in its articles. In those articles, Hai magazine has presented information relating to dominant sexual norms. This paper focuses on how Hai magazine has built discourse of gender differences in its articles. Using critical discourse analysis, the researcher revealed the attempt of Hai magazine to construct the ideal relationship of teenage boys and girls. The construction cannot be separated from the politics of Hai magazine to accommodate the parents’ interest following sexual normative and conservative discourse. At the same time, Hai also supports sexual liberalism discourse, which becomes the part of media interest as cultural industry. As a result, Hai magazine has performed ambivalence idea of gender differences. The ambivalence is indicated from the idea of sexual attraction, the division of sexual roles, and emphatic strategy.   Remaja adalah kategori sosial yang bersifat apolitis, hedonis, konsumtif dan tidak kritis. Untuk itu remaja kerap menjadi objek sosialisasi dan edukasi soal moralitas oleh orang dewasa. Penundukan hasrat remaja atas nama pendidikan seks banyak dilakukan oleh berbagai institusi sosial, termasuk media. Majalah Hai sebagai majalah yang ditujukan untuk remaja laki-laki menampilkan konten-konten seks dengan tujuan edukasi seks di dalam artikel-artikelnya. Dalam artikel tersebut, majalah Hai menyajikan informasi yang berkaitan dengan norma seks yang dipahami oleh mayoritas masyarakat. Tulisan ini secara khusus memfokuskan pada bagaimana Hai membangun wacana tentang perbedaan gender yang terdapat dalam artikel-artikel seksualitas yang bertemakan relasi laki-laki dan perempuan. Lewat metode analisis wacana kritis, peneliti menyingkap adanya upaya majalah Hai untuk mengkontruksi relasi laki-laki dan perempuan yang dianggap ideal. Konstruksi tersebut tidak dilepaskan dari politik majalah Hai untuk mengakomodasi kepentingan orang tua yang menganut paham seksualitas yang normatif dan konservatif sekaligus mendukung paham liberalisme seksual yang menjadi bagian dari kepentingan media sebagai industri budaya. Akibatnya majalah Hai menampilkan gagasan perbedaan gender yang ambivalen. Ambivalensi tersebut terlihat dalam gagasan majalah Hai tentang daya tarik seksual, pembagian peran secara seksual dan strategi empati.
Petisi Indonesia untuk Dunia: Potret Globalisasi Gerakan Sosial Digital
Authors: Sanjaya Andreas Ryan
Published: March 2019

Internet technology brought out about changes in human life. The apparent changes in this study lied in two respects. First, changes in the way citizens conduct social movements. Second, the internet reinforces the impact of globalization, so the issues raised by citizens are also a global issue. This study revealed a portrait of globalization in the digital social movement in Indonesia. The selected case is an online petition addressed to international parties for genocide in Myanmar. The analytical approach in this study used social semiotics. The three components analyzed were field of discourse, tenor of discourse, and mode of discourse. The result was a petitioner used international criminal issues, as well as provocative terms to reinforce the message in the text. Teknologi Internet membawa perubahan pada kehidupan manusia. Perubahan yang tampak dalam penelitian ini terletak pada dua hal. Pertama, perubahan pada cara warga melakukan pergerakan sosial. Kedua, internet menguatkan pengaruh globalisasi, maka isu-isu yang diangkat oleh warga juga merupakan isu global. Penelitian ini mengungkap potret globalisasi dalam gerakan sosial digital di Indonesia. Kasus yang dipilih adalah petisi online yang ditujukan kepada pihak internasional atas kasus genosida di Myanmar. Pendekatan analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan semiotika sosial. Tiga komponen yang dianalisis adalah medan wacana, pelibat wacana, dan sarana wacana. Hasilnya adalah pembuat petisi menggunakan isu-isu kejahatan internasional, serta istilah-istilah provokatif untuk menguatkan pesan dalam teks.
Analisis Video Percakapan Rini Soemarno dan Sofyan Basir di Channel Youtube (Studi Etnografi Virtual di Channel Youtube Law & Justice Berita dan Investigasi)
Authors: Rachmania Rachmania , Prasanti Ditha
Published: March 2019

This research was motivated by the rise of public discussion about the circulation of videos of the conversation between Rini Soemarno and Sofyan Basir in the YouTube Law & Justice News and Investigation channel. Researchers conducted an analysis seen from netizen comments regarding the contents of the video. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with a virtual ethnographic approach to determine the existence of video conversations of Rini Soemarno and Sofyan Basir in the YouTube Law & Justice News and Investigation channel. The main object of the study was the video of the conversation between Rini Soemarno and Sofyan Basir in the YouTube Law & Justice News and Investigation channel. Data collection techniques are carried out through participatory observation and literature studies. The results showed that netizen comments related to the contents of the video of the conversation between Rini Soemarno and Sofyan Basir on YouTube Law & Justice News and Investigation channel: 1) netizens tended to be divided into two major groups - pro against Rini Soemarno and contra to Rini Soemarno, very few netizens looked at the case is neutral; 2) netizens are still lured to vilify other netizens who have disagreements with him; 3) netizens are still provoked to use rude and disrespectful language related to their opinions; and 4) netizens who are pro and contra against Rini Soemarno trying to find a rationalization of his opinion. Penelitian yang dilakukan ini dilatarbelakangi maraknya perbincangan publik tentang beredarnya video percakapan Rini Soemarno dan Sofyan Basir di channel YouTube Law & Justice Berita dan Investigasi. Peneliti melakukan analisis dilihat dari komentar netizen terkait isi video tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi virtual untuk mengetahui keberadaan video percakapan Rini Soemarno dan Sofyan Basir di channel YouTube Law & Justice Berita dan Investigasi. Obyek utama dari penelitian adalah video percakapan Rini Soemarno dan Sofyan Basir di channel YouTube Law & Justice Berita dan Investigasi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan melalui observasi partisipatif dan studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komentar netizen terkait isi video percakapan Rini Soemarno dan Sofyan Basir di channel YouTube Law & Justice Berita dan Investigasi: 1) netizen cenderung terbagi menjadi dua kelompok besar – pro terhadap Rini Soemarno dan kontra terhadap Rini Soemarno, sangat sedikit netizen yang memandang kasus tersebut secara netral; 2) netizen tetap terpancing untuk menjelekkan netizen lain yang memiliki perbedaan pendapat dengan dirinya; 3) netizen tetap terpancing untuk menggunakan bahasa kasar dan tidak sopan terkait pendapat yang disampaikannya; dan 4) netizen yang pro dan kontra terhadap Rini Soemarno berusaha untuk mencari rasionalisasi atas pendapat yang disampaikannya.
Strategi Humas Kementerian Koperasi dan Usaha Kecil dan Menengah Dalam Pengelolaan Jejaring Sosial
Authors: Azeem Mohammad Ribhul , Toni Ahmad
Published: March 2019

One Way Communication occurring at an institution the government should be changed into two way communication through media. Cooperative and Small Medium Enterprises Ministry Republic of Indonesia use social media as a means of the spread of information to interested parties. This research using the Media Richness Theory and uses Qualitative Case Study method by lifting cases of management media network happening in the society in the Division of Public Relations Cooperative and Small Medium Enterprises Republics Indonesia that has not yet been optimized. The research also use constructivism who regards paradigm of the solution of the problems faced by a solution .These are data to research for participating states in the form of observation internships and also with interviews with key informants , which are then data was compared with each other using a source of triangulation.The result of this research shows the important things can support of the effectiveness of the social media optimizations at Cooperative Small Medium Enterprises Ministry Republic of Indonesia such as management of information signs, feedback, focus development and language use. Komunikasi satu arah yang terjadi pada institusi pemerintah harus diubah menjadi komunikasi dua arah melalui media. Kementerian Koperasi dan UKM Republik Indonesia menggunakan media sosial sebagai sarana penyebaran informasi kepada pihak yang berkepentingan. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori kekayaan media dan menggunakan metode penelitian studi kasus kualitatif dengan mengangkat kasus berupa pengelolaan jejaring media sosial yang terjadi di Divisi Hubungan Masyarakat Kementerian Koperasi dan UKM Republik Indonesia. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan paradigma konstruktivisme. Pada penelitian ini data didapatkan melalui observasi partisipan berupa kegiatan magang dan wawancara dengan key informant, kemudian data tersebut dibandingkan satu sama lain menggunakan triangulasi sumber. Hasil yang didapat dalam penelitian ini menggambarkan bahwa pentingnya beberapa aspek yang mampu meningkatkan pengelolaan jejaring media sosial di Kementerian Koperasi dan UKM Republik Indonesia yang baik seperti pengelolaan tanda informasi, umpan balik, pengembangan fokus dan juga pemanfaatan bahasa.
back matters
Authors: Paramita Sinta
Published: March 2019

back matters