bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research and development in haematology. A report on international congresses and visit to academic centres in Europe
Authors: Wood Lucille
Published: June 2017

I have recently had the opportunity to present departmental research at the International Bone Marrow Transplantation Meetings and to visit a number of academic centres overseas. This report summarises those experiences, with particular emphasis on the role of the professional nurse in research and development as it applies to contemporary haematology.
Die "Seuns van God" in Gen. 6:1-4
Authors: Weiss P. F.D.
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
Klag en Antwoord: 'n Studie oor Probleme van Jes. 51:9-16
Authors: Van der Merwe B. J.
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
Die formule "Jy is my...; Ek is jou..."
Authors: Van Selms A.
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
Ter begeleiding
Authors: Pont A. D.
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
Die Vrymesselary Teologies beoordeel
Authors: Van Zyl F. J.
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
'n Dogmatiesehistoriese skets van die leer van die Algemene Priesterskap van die Gelowiges
Authors: Pont A. D.
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
Introduction to the proceedings of the symposium "the state of nature conservation in southern Africa"
Authors: De Graaff G. , Van der Walt P.T.
Published: June 2017

The idea of arranging this symposium originated with the Chief Director of the National Parks Board of Trustees, Dr R Knobel, towards the end of 1974. It is often stated that the Republic of South Africa (RSA) plays a leading role in the global conservation movement, but that there seems to be a lack of cross-fertilization with other countries and that the RSA is failing to implant the philosophy of nature conservation in the presently developing countries. Unless the emerging states can be convinced of the value of wildlife for mankind, there remains little hope for any future action concerning nature conservation.
Is there a place for nature conservation in the Transkei?
Authors: Ntloko M.M.
Published: June 2017

The Republic of the Transkei is situated in the south-east of the Republic of South Africa and is bounded by the Cape Province, Natal, Lesotho and the Indian Ocean. The area of the country is some 43 200 km2, almost as large as Denmark and twice the size of Wales. It is a country made up of mountainous regions along the Lesotho border and the rest is made up mostly of rolling hills with deep river valleys. It is a summer rainfall region ranging between 500 mm and 1300 mm per year and thus the country may be termed well watered. Climatic conditions may be described as temperate with occasional frosts during the worst winter months.
Suid-Afrika se nasionale parke sisteem – wat van die toekoms?
Authors: Schoeman Sy Edele H.
Published: June 2017

The significance of the 50th anniversary of the National Parks Board of Trustees is highlighted and homage is paid to all those who have contributed to the development of the national parks system in the Republic of South Africa. The Government never lightly refuses requests on sustained pressures for new national parks and establishment of a new National Park near Beaufort West in the Karoo, is announced.
Word of Welcome
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: June 2017

Mr Chairman, Dr. Vollmar, ladies and gentlemen!It is indeed a pleasure on behalf of the National Parks Board of Trustees to welcome all the delegates to the symposium which coincides with the 50th anniversary of the National Parks Board.
Acknowledgement of referees
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: June 2017

None.
Ek sal Coetzee net wil observeer om hom (dalk) beter te begryp
Authors: Crous Marius
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
The portrayal of single women characters in selected African literary texts
Authors: Kwatsha Linda
Published: June 2017

In this article, the portrayal of single women characters in works by a number of African women authors is critically reflected upon. These women are portrayed as strong, resistant, independent and realistic characters, who boldly resist male paternalism and dominance in order to look to the future with courage. Single women characters are presented as independent individuals rather than as kinship appendages. They are portrayed as architects of their own potential happiness rather than as passive receivers of the dictates of patriarchy. The article will also show that women characters account for their own values, rather than subserviently surrender to stereotypical conventions. African women writers portray single women characters as having the professional and economic means to look after themselves. This portrayal of women characters is part of a debate that translates itself to contemporary everyday philosophical social theory.
The behaviourally disturbed patient with HIV/AIDS
Authors: Boyles Tom H , Joska John A
Published: June 2017

No Abstract Available
The management of trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder in HIV-infected individuals
Authors: Pingo Janine , Seedat Soraya
Published: June 2017

No Abstract Available
Changes to the ART guidelines – an overview
Authors: Serenata Celicia
Published: June 2017

In 2009 the South African National AIDS Council (SANAC) Treatment Technical Task Team (TTT) finalised recommendations for changes to the national standard treatment guidelines for adult and paediatric management and treatment, as well as changes in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) guidelines, moving away from monotherapy to dual therapy. President Zuma announced changes in the national antiretroviral therapy (ART) programme on World AIDS Day 2009. Subsequently additional changes were made to the treatment guidelines to be in line with these new Presidential mandates, which came into effect on 1 April 2010.
INH preventive pherapy (IPT) for HIV-infected South African children
Authors: Cotton Mark F
Published: June 2017

HIV-infected children have a high risk of acquiring tuberculosis. The World Health Organization (WHO) has released isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) recommendations for adults and children living with HIV, based on efficacy studies, mainly in adults. Data from children appear conflicting. IPT guidelines for children were developed in response to WHO guidelines at a local meeting, followed by discussions.

IPT should be given to all HIV-infected children after exposure to a source case if treatment for active disease is not required. For children whose mothers’ HIV status was known antentally, when tuberculosis has been actively excluded in mothers and at infant follow-up, and when infants have commenced antiretroviral therapy in the first 3 months of life, IPT is not required. Otherwise, all infants and children should be given IPT for 6 months once active tuberculosis has been excluded.
Microscopy 'aids' in diagnosing a febrile infant
Authors: Crous Annelize , Visser Adele
Published: June 2017

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Top2btm symposium on health care for men who have sex with men (MSM)
Authors: Rebe K , De Swardt G , Struthers H , McIntyre J A
Published: June 2017

Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk of HIV acquisition and transmission, and country-specific HIV prevalence rates are always higher in MSM than among heterosexual men. South African data confirm this, with reported HIV prevalences of 10.4 - 33.9% across various studies. Donors and government health planners have recognised the need for targeted programmes that address the high burden of HIV transmission and disease in stigmatised populations such as MSM, as well as other ‘most at risk populations’ (MARPS) such as commercial sex workers, drug users and displaced refugees. Specific programmes targeting MSM and other MARPS have been included in the South African government’s current National Strategic Plan for health care and will feature in the new plan under development.
Low-dose stavudine trials: a public health priority for developing countries
Authors: Venter W D Francois , Innes Steve , Cotton Mark
Published: June 2017

The debate around relooking at stavudine dosing, both in terms of the adult low-dose stavudine study and more broadly, is welcome. The study being proposed to evaluate low-dose stavudine v. tenofovir is a fairly standard placebo-controlled non-inferiority study. The study design is not controversial; however, the choice of study drug has attracted critical attention.
Clinical case study programme
Authors: Osih Regina
Published: June 2017

The Southern African HIV Clinicians Society’s online clinical cases are geared at providing excellent continuing medical education for members of the Society. This activity has been created to offer clinicians working in the HIV area access to online education. Cases are written by experienced HIV specialists and can range from general adult HIV/TB through specialist paediatric cases to other related infectious diseases encountered when managing patients with HIV.

S Afr J HIV Med 2012;13(2):58.
The case for Option B and Optional B+: Ensuring that South Africa’s commitment to eliminating mother-to-child transmission of HIV becomes a reality
Authors: Besada D , Van Cutsem G , Goemaere E , Ford N , Bygrave H , Lynch S
Published: June 2017

In a previous issue of the Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine, Pillay and Black summarised the trade-offs of the safety of efavirenz use in pregnancy (Pillay P, Black V. Safety, strength and simplicity of efavirenz in pregnancy. Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine 2012;13(1):28-33.). Highlighting the benefits of the World Health Organization’s proposed options for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV, the authors argued that the South African government should adopt Option B as national PMTCT policy and pilot projects implementing Option B+ as a means of assessing the individual- and population-level effect of the intervention. We echo this call and further propose that the option to remain on lifelong antiretroviral therapy, effectively adopting PMTCT Option B+, be offered to pregnant women following the cessation of breastfeeding, for their own health, following the provision of counselling on associated benefits and risks. Here we highlight the benefits of Options B and B+.
Native valve endocarditis due to Candida parapsilosis in an adult patient
Authors: Moodley Krishnee , Govind Chetna Narsai , Peer Abdool Kader Cassim , Dawood Shabbir , Hassim Mohamed Hanif , Deonarain Julian
Published: June 2017

Candida endocarditis is rare, but associated with a high mortality. The most common species implicated is Candida albicans. The epidemiology of invasive Candida infections is changing, with a predominance of non-albicans species causing invasive disease. We describe a case of Candida parapsilosis endocarditis in an HIV-positive patient with pre-existing mitral valve disease and renal failure on haemodialysis. The patient presented with fever and malaise. Clinical examination revealed pulmonary oedema and severe mitral regurgitation. Blood cultures were positive for C. parapsilosis. β-D-glucan assay levels were elevated. An echocardiogram showed large, friable vegetations on the mitral valve. C. parapsilosis was cultured from the haemodialysis tip and the vegetations. The patient responded well to mitral valve replacement and antifungal therapy. A high index of suspicion and aggressive diagnostic modalities and therapy are essential in patients with candidaemia, to decrease mortality due to this condition.
High rate of virological re-suppression among patients failing second-line antiretroviral therapy following enhanced adherence support: A model of care in Khayelitsha, South Africa
Authors: Garone D B , Conradie K , Patten G , Cornell M , Goemaere W , Kunene J , Kerschberger B , Ford N , Boulle A , Van Cutsem G
Published: June 2017

Objective. To describe and evaluate the outcomes of a support programme for patients with virological failure while receiving second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) in South Africa.Method. We described a comprehensive medical and counselling patient support programme for patients receiving secondline ART and with two consecutive viral loads (VLs) >1 000 copies/ml. Patients with >3 months follow-up and at least one VL measurement after inclusion in the programme were eligible for analysis.Results. Of 69 patients enrolled in the programme, 40 had at least one follow-up VL and no known drug resistance at enrolment; 27 (68%) of these re-suppressed while remaining on second-line ART following enhanced adherence support. The majority (18/27; 67%) achieved re-suppression within the first 3 months in the programme. Five patients with diagnosed second-line drug resistance achieved viral re-suppression (<400 copies/ml) after being switched to third-line ART. Seven patients (7/40; 18%) did not achieve viral re-suppression after 9 months in the programme: 6 with known adherence problems (4 without drug resistance on genotype) and 1 with a VL <1 000 copies/ml. Overall, 3 patients (4%) died, 3 (4%) were lost to follow-up and 2 (3%) were transferred out.Conclusion. Our experience from a routine programme demonstrates that with targeted adherence support, the majority of patients who were viraemic while receiving second-line ART returned to an undetectable VL within 3 months. By increasing the time receiving second-line ART and decreasing the need for genotypes and/or third-line ART, this intervention may reduce costs.
‘They dropped the blanket of their fear’: Reflections on HIV medicine in South Africa, 2014
Authors: Marshall Joyce
Published: June 2017

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The diagnostic value of lymph node biopsy to detect Castleman’s disease
Authors: Soma Prashilla , Kara Sita
Published: June 2017

HIV is not indicated in the aetiology of Castleman’s disease. However, it impacts on the prevalence and natural history of this disease and significantly on the disease progression. Castleman’s disease is a uni- or multicentric disease of the lymph node with or without polyclonal proliferation of B-cells. It is a morphologically distinct form of lymph node hyperplasia and is characterised by significant architectural changes in all lymphatic compartments. Histopathologically, the disease is classified into two major subtypes: the hyaline-vascular type and the plasma-cell type. A mixed type is also identified, as there are frequent transitions between the types. The diagnosis of Castleman’s disease needs to be made histologically. Treatment modalities include surgery, which is curative for unicentric disease, and systemic therapy, which is needed for multicentric disease. This case highlights the diagnostic value of lymph node excision biopsy in HIV-infected patients.
One size doesn’t fit all: Tailoring adult antiretroviral treatment
Authors: Geffen Nathan , Robinson M , Venter F , Low M
Published: June 2017

Advances in antiretroviral treatment mean that patients in the public health system can be given more options in the management of their treatment. Although public health programmes tend to offer one-size-fits-all approaches, patients might benefit from a more flexible approach. In particular, we propose that people with HIV should be given more choice with regard to when to start treatment, and patients who experience efavirenz side-effects should be encouraged to switch to other medications, which will be facilitated by faster registration and lower prices of newer antiretrovirals.
‘Excelling in Clinical Care’: Southern African HIV Clinicians Society Conference
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: June 2017

The top nine best abstracts from the biennial Southern African HIV Clinicians Society Conference, held in September 2014, are provided here.
Care of HIV-exposed and HIV-infected neonates
Authors: Eley Brian
Published: June 2017

No abstract available
HIV testing during the neonatal period
Authors: Sherman Gayle G.
Published: June 2017

No abstract available
Right to care
Authors: Black Peter
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
The Durban declaration
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
Let's do it!
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
South African researchers awarded R220 million research grant
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
Infant HIV diagnostic guidelines to facilitate adoption
Authors: Sherman Gayle G
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
Closing the gap: Understanding media reporting on HIV/AIDS
Authors: Delate Richard
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
Why the latest antenatal HIV prevalence survey results are still bad news
Authors: Evian Clive
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
Lessons learned from mainstreaming HIV into the poverty eradication action plan in Uganda
Authors: Butcher Kate
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
Medical ethics and the politics of the South Africa HIV/AIDS epidemic
Authors: Spencer Dave
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
Commentary on Judge Cameron's speech
Authors: Gerntholtz Liesl
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
2007 clinical guidelines an antiretroviral therapy management for displaced persons
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
Tribute - Des Martin
Authors: Bekker Linda-Gail
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
From the Editor
Authors: Linda-Gail Bekker
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
Acknowledgement to reviewers
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: June 2017

None.
Community service for Physiotherapists
Authors: Eales C.J.
Published: June 2017

No Abstract Available
Physiotherapy and low back pain - part 1 outcomes research in the quest for evidence
Authors: Bardin L. D.
Published: June 2017

Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common and costlyconditions treated by physiotherapists and is acknowledged as a major health problem. Much published research on LBP is of poor design and  optimal outcome measures are not selected for LBP patients. Effective and cost-effective interventions for LBP, particularly chronic LBP, need to be identified using appropriate, valid, reliable and responsive measures of  outcome.  These outcome measures should reflect the biopsychosocial model necessary for evaluating the broad impact of LBP, in particular chronic LBP, on a patient’s life. Outcomes research is a feasible and affordable analysis of clinical practice as it occurs, and provides an opportunity to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions for LBP. This is in contrast to a randomised, controlled trial (RCT) that evaluates efficacy under controlled conditions that often do not reflect clinical practice. Using a battery of outcome measures appropriate for measuring change in the LBP population, outcomes research has the potential to identify effective and cost-effective interventions, promote and influence further research, and contribute to the demand for evidence-based practice.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs) and physiotherapy - a selective review
Authors: Van der Bijl P. , De Jager R. , Nel C. M.M.
Published: June 2017

This paper presents a selective review on the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). These drugs,which form the mainstay of treatment of a variety of musculoskeletal and rheumatic conditions, may facilitate the efficacy of and compliance with physiotherapy treatment.  Their mechanisms of action, adverse effects, various routes of administration, eg systemic versus topical, and the role that these drugs may play in physiotherapy practice  are discussed.
Constructivist strategy for health science education
Authors: Klopper H. C.
Published: June 2017

The aim of this paper was to explore and describe a constructivist strategy for Health Science Educators. Changes in the higher education field in South Africa have impacted on the practice of health science educators. In the past, health science educators often envisaged their teaching task as  the transmission of content. This however no longer meets the needs of our practices.  In order to describe the strategy, the survey list of Dickoff, James and Wiedenbach (1968) was used to identify the core concepts. Each of the identified concepts was then described based on a literature review. The strategy advocates that health science  educators should shift from being lecturers to being learning facilitators based on the principles of constructivist learning, in order to create a context conducive to learning.
Physiotherapy and low back pain - part ii: outcomes research utilising the biopsychosocial model: biological outcomes
Authors: Bardin L. D.
Published: June 2017

Low back pain (LBP) is an acknowledged major health problem that is associated with high recurrence rates and increased chronic incapacity. It is one of the most common and costly conditions treated  by physiotherapists and therefore the physiotherapy profession has a responsibility to provide evidence of effectiveness of interventions for LBP.The quality and rigour of published research on LBP has been found lacking and has predominately utilised a biomedical model of health that focuses on disease and system pathology rather than on illness. Outcomes research has the potential to advance the quest for evidence of effective management of LBP. Patients with CLBP and disability face complex biopsychosocial problems, hence a multifactorial model of illness is particularly pertinent and is addressed by the outcomes research model. Outcome measures that are valid, reliable and responsive are necessary to determine effective interventions for LBP. Biological, psychological and social variables shape the experience and outcome of an episode of LBP and outcome measures reflecting all three aspects of the biopsychosocial model are important to the study of LBP. Outcome measures reflecting the biological component of the biopsychosocial model are discussed in part II: measures of pain and aspects of movement dysfunction.
A time for reflection
Authors: Eales C. J.
Published: June 2017

No abstract available
Hiv-associated lipodystrophy and exercise
Authors: Mutimura E. , Stewart A. , Crowther N. J.
Published: June 2017

As individuals affected by HIV/AIDS live longer due to the availability of HAART, the challenge to health care professionals is to manage and alleviate abnormalities associated with HAART. HIVlipodystrophy- altered body fat redistribution- is the most common stigmatising physical abnormality related to the use of HAART, which maybe alleviated by exercise participation. Currently, there is no reliable management standard care for HIV-associated lipodystrophy. However, there is sufficient evidence to support the benefits of exercise in adults with HIV infection. As various types of ARTs become available in the most HIV/AIDS stricken developing countries, there are inadequate studies to evaluate and promote exercise in alleviating HIV lipodystrophy and other related complications. The current paper reviews HIV-related lipodystrophy, related metabolic dysfunction, and the role of exercise in its management. The paper highlights the need to evaluate the effectiveness of exercise on HIV lipodystrophy syndrome. An emphasis needs to be put on raising awareness among health care professionals in Sub-Saharan Africa where the prevalence of HIV/AIDS is the  highest in the world.
Sexual harassment of the physiotherapist in South Africa
Authors: Bütow-Dûtoit L. , Eksteen C. A. , De Waal M. , Owen J. H.
Published: June 2017

No study  has been conducted on sexual harassment of physiotherapists in South Africa and it is therefore not known whether harassment occurs and if it does, to what extent. To this purpose, a questionnaire on  sexual harassment and other sexual-related issues in the physiotherapy work environment in South Africa, was sent to a random selection of  982 physiotherapists registered with the Health Professions Council of South Africa. The response rate was 32%. This paper presents the results of the first half of the questionnaire, which was devoted to sexual harassment of the physiotherapist.  Approximately 60% had experienced sexual harassment, of which 83.98% had been perpetrated by patients. Only 5.82% of the respondents had received some form of information in this regard. The most common form of harassment was requests for a hug or kiss.
The incidence of work-related low back pain among currently practicing physiotherapists in Bloemfontein
Authors: Barnes R. , Birch J. , Cloete M. M. , Joubert L. , Usher A. C. , Nel M. M.
Published: June 2017

Physiotherapy practice involves the performance of strenuous physical activities related to the delivery of patient rehabilitation.  No evidence of studies relating to physiotherapy work-related low back pain (WRLBP) in South Africa could be found.  The aims of this study were to retrospectively investigate the incidence of work related low back pain among currently practicing physiotherapists in Bloemfontein, to determine the contributing risk factors, and to determine the responses of the physiotherapists to injury. Eighty four physiotherapists participated in this descriptive study. The results indicated that 67% of respondents had experienced work related low back pain and the 95% confidence interval for the incidence of WRLBP among physiotherapists in Bloemfontein is [56.8%; 76.6%].  Therapists performing cardio-thoracic related tasks had the most significant confidence interval of WRLBP [2.2%; 35.1%]. Fifty eight percent of respondents who had WRLBP reported that their symptoms were exacerbated by clinical practice.  The results of the study suggest that it is the nature of the job design which predisposes physiotherapists to injury and not a lack of kinetic handling knowledge. Further research is needed to develop methods to reduce the risks of WRLBP which are inherently part of physio-therapy practice.
The impact of spinal cord injury on South African youth
Authors: Njoki E. , Frantz J. , Mpofu R.
Published: June 2017

Approximately 500 South Africans, mainly young people,sustain a spinal cord injury every year leading to severe lifetime physical disabilities. With advances in medicine and assistive technology, these young people are able to reach adulthood. The physical, social and  emotional adjustments, which determine the eventual successful outcome following injury, vary considerably from person to person. Some make satisfactory adjustments whereas others remain chronically distressed.This study aimed to determine the impact of SCI on youth in community settings after discharge from rehabilitation.  A qualitative approach, that utilised face-to-face interviews and focus group methods of data collection, was used. Data were drawn from ten participants selected at Conradie Spinal Rehabilitation Unit, using purposive sampling. Audiotape recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim. Strong themes that ran through the data were identified. The results of the study revealed that spinal cord injury impacts on more than just the physical capabilities of an individual. Participants identified issues such as social identity, intrapersonal and interpersonal factors, social support and employment opportunities as having a major impact on their lives once back in the community.  It is  recommended that rehabilitation professionals include issues such as identity and psychosocial adjustment into their health promotion interventions.
The effectiveness of mobilisation with movement for chronic medial ankle pain: a case study
Authors: Penso M.
Published: June 2017

Introduction and Purpose: It has been shown that approximatelythirty percent of those sustaining an ankle sprain are likely to develop chronicfunctional limitations. Mulligan has developed mobilisation with movement (MWM)for treatment of joint dysfunction and suggests that it is a positional fault of the jointthat causes pain and movement restriction. Method: This single case reports on the effects of a MWM technique on chronicmedial ankle pain. The patient was a 25-year-old female runner who had experiencedpain since an initial ankle sprain at 8 years of age. The main findings of the subjective and physical examinations were decrease in active and passive dorsiflexion and eversion range of motion (ROM), shortening of gastrocnemiusand soleus muscles and the functional limitation of pain when running. The patient was treated twice with the MWMtechnique.Results: Outcomes of immediate reduction in pain, restoration of full dorsiflexion and eversion ROM, increase in calfmuscle length and pain free running were observed. This was maintained over a four-month follow up period.Conclusion: This case concurs with previous studies detailing increases in range of motion and restoration of painfree movement as well as adding new support for the resolution of chronic pain with MWM.
The awareness and use of outcome measures by South African physiotherapists
Authors: Inglis G. , Faure M. , Frieg A.
Published: June 2017

Physiotherapists as well as otherhealth care providers a reunder pressure to provide evidence for the effectiveness of their interventions. Therefore it has become necessary to employ standardized androbust outcome measures in clinical practice. The objective of this study was to determine the awareness of and use of outcome measures (OM’s)amongst physiotherapists in South Africa. A survey was conducted in2004 using a self-developed electronic questionnaire consisting of 18questions, both open- and closed-ended. A population-based sample consisting of 1102 members on the email address list of the South Africa Society of Physiotherapy (SASP) was used. Data analysis consisted ofboth descriptive statistics and qualitative analysis for the open-endedquestions. The response rate was 15.2% (n=168). Ninety one percent of respondents reported to have heard of OM’s while 84% reported using OM’s regularly. Impairment related measures were predominantly in use. The two main themes that emerged from therespondents’comments related to reasons forusing OM’s were “effective clinical practice”(82%) and “evidence-basedpractice” (15%). Time constraints and lack of sufficient knowledge in the use of OM’s, were cited as obstacles tousing OM’s. These findings have implications forthe South African physiotherapy community in terms of education,continuous professional development (CPD) and future research in the usage frequency of OM’s.
The influence of demographic, environmental and physical factors on functional independence post stroke
Authors: Mamabolo M.V. , Mudzi W. , Stewart A.S. , Mbambo N.P. , Olorunju S.
Published: June 2017

Purpose: The magnitude of disability observed in strokesurvivors is believed to be dependent in part, on the severity of neurological deficits incurred. A s important but less well understood, is thecontribution of demographic, physical and environmental factors. The objective of this study was to establish what demographic, environmentaland physical factors influence functional independence post stroke. Method: Convenience sampling was used in the selection of subjects from four stroke outpatient public health facilities in the Gauteng Province of South Africa. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The analytical tools used included descriptive statistics to measure percentages and cross tabulations to measure the level of associations between functional independence and some of the demographic factors. The Barthel Index was computed to establish the degree of functional independence. Finally the influence of factors on functional independence was investigated using bivariate logistic regressions.Results: The results showed that younger patients (18 - 34 yrs) may have a higher likelihood of functional independence compared to older patients at the time of discharge from hospital (18 - 34 years: Odds Ratio = 1). Patients without helpers were more likely to be functionally independent than those with a helper (p = 0.03). Involvement in household activities (p = 0.01), participation in community activities (p = 0.02) and bowel and bladder continence (p = 0.003 and p = 0.04) improved the likelihood of functional independence.Conclusion and im plications: Factors that influence functional independence post stroke are: age, bowel and bladder continence, the presence of a caregiver, participation in household and community activities. It is also of value to encourage patients to participate in household and community activities post stroke as well as being less dependent on helpers in an effort to attain functional independence post stroke.
The perceptions, attitudes and knowledge of physiotherapy and chiropractic students regarding each others’ professional practice
Authors: Naidoo N. , Bühler L.
Published: June 2017

Introduction: The roles of physiotherapists and chiropractors demon-strate some overlap. Both are members of a multidisciplinary team and contributeto the holistic care of patients. Good understanding of each others’ professionalpractice may lead to good working relationships with effective referrals, inter -disciplinary and multidisciplinary management of patients. Purpose: To investigate the perceptions, attitudes and knowledge of undergraduatephysiotherapy and chiropractic students about each others’ professional roles inclinical practice. Methodology: Data was obtained using a questionnaire with closed and open-ended questions. First and ﬁnal-yearphysiotherapy (n = 72) and chiropractic students (n = 49) participated. Results: First and ﬁnal year physiotherapy students scored 58% and 62% respectively in the “test” on chiropractic;chiropractic students scored 52% and 68% respectively in the test on physiotherapy. Seventy percent of the chiropractic and 14% of the physiotherapy students had visited the practice of other profession. Sixty seven percent of the chiropractic and 38% of the physiotherapy students found it was effective. Forty seven percent chiropractic and 80% physiotherapy students considered physiotherapy and chiropractic to be in direct competition. Sixty six percentof the chiropractic students and 49% of the physiotherapy students expressed the intention of working together withthe other profession.  Discussion: The reason for the possible feelings of competitiveness could be because in South A frica there is vastoverlap of practice in both professions; Physiotherapists and chiropractors are seen to use modalities that are similar.This may be viewed as an indication of the importance in deﬁning the roles, scope and characteristics of both physio-therapy and chiropractic.Conclusion: The knowledge of the physiotherapy and chiropractic students is equal, however, chiropractic studentshave more positive perceptions and attitudes towards physiotherapy than physiotherapy students have of chiropractic.
Pain and anxiety experiences of South African adult burn injury patients during physiotherapy management
Authors: Morris L.D. , Louw Q.A.
Published: June 2017

A dequate management of procedural pain during physiotherapy management plays an important role in building a trusting relationship betweenthe burn victim and the physiotherapist, and in ensuring desirable functional outcomes. However, the burn pain management regimens currently utilized inburn units, primarily consist of traditional pharmacologic analgesics which areassociated with numerous side-effects and alone are often reported as inadequateto alleviate procedural pain, warranting safer and effective adjunct therapies.Prior to the introduction and implementation of adjunct therapies into a developing world, it is imperative that the current situation in a burn unit, in terms of whether or not the pain management regimens in place are adequate, is first assessed, due to cost concerns. The following short report exemplifies the pain and anxiety experiences of a small number of burn injury patients during physiotherapy at the Tygerberg Hospital adult burn unit, South A frica.  It was hypothesized that the results of this study would underpin whether adult burn injury patients in a developing countryrequire adjunct therapies during physiotherapy management to supplement traditional pharmacologic analgesics inmanaging their procedural pain and subsequent anxiety.
Fall prevention among older adults: Case reports exemplifying the value of incorporating lumbar stabilization training during balance exercises
Authors: Van Der Merwe P. , Wilmarth M.A.
Published: June 2017

Background: Older adults are at risk of fallingeach year. Fall injuries results in many health care expenses anddisabilities, yet non-western countries lack the infra-structure andresources for prevention programs. Balance exercises have beenfound to be a cost effective evidence-based intervention in treatingand preventing falls among older adults in western countries.Purpose: The aim of this report was to show that lumbar stabilizationexercises are not only a beneficial addition to a balanceprogram for the prevention and treatment of falls in older adults,but to demonstrate that these exercise can more rapidly improve thefunctional status of older adults, limiting healthcare costs.Case description: Two high functional older adults with a historyof falls presented with poor balance and fear of falling. Both patientsreceived the same balance exercise regime however lumbar stabilization exercises were added to one of the patient’s exerciseprograms. Gait speed, lower extremity strength and balance were assessed with the Balance Evaluation systems test (BESTest),figure-of-eight, four-step-square (FSST), five-time-sit-to-stand tests (5TSTS) after two weeks and four weeks of treatment.Outcomes. All the outcome measures showed statistically significant improvements. Greater improvements in vertical stabilitylimits (14%), gait speed (9%), stability during gait (20%) and five-time-sit-to-stand test were seen with the addition of lumbarstabilization exercises.Discussion. The addition of lumbar stabilization exercises during balance training is of value to improve gait speed, balancetesting scores in stability in gait and vertical stability limits.
Inter-examiner reliability when using the Objective Structured Practical Examination (OSPE) mark sheet for physiotherapy practical
Authors: Olivier B. , Naidoo V. , Humphries C. , Godlwana L. , Romm M. , Ntsiea V. , Van Aswegen H. , Myezwa H. , Roos R. , Mudzi W. , Potterton J. , Watt B , Maleka D. , Mtshali S. , Stewart A.
Published: June 2017

The Objective Structured Practical Examination (OSPE) format is used during practical examinations as part of the physiotherapy undergraduate curriculum at the University of the Witwatersrand. Various factors influence inter-examiner reliability and investigating the inter-examiner reliability when using the OSPE can lead to improvement of the examination process. The aim of this study was to establish inter-examiner reliability when using the OSPE mark sheet. Methods: Twelve examiners participated in this study. Thirty-three second year PT students were examined at six stations and by two examiners at each station. The Spearman’s correlation test was used to establish inter-examiner reliability. Results: The general inter-examiner reliability of the OSPE mark sheet was high. There was a high correlation between examiners who had the same level of experience (r=0.79 to r=0.93; p<0.001). The background knowledge section of the OSPE mark sheet showed the greatest inter-examiner reliability (r=0.75 to r=0.91; p<0.001). Discussion: In general, a high inter-examiner reliability was found. Examiners with the same level of experience seemed to generally have better inter-examiner reliability when using the OSPE mark sheet. Furthermore, a well-described, operationalised list of micro-skills also improved inter-examiner reliability. Conclusion: The OSPE mark sheet aids inter-examiner reliability. The use of this method of examination should be encouraged.
Physiotherapy for acute ankle sprains: How do we compare to evidence based clinical guidelines?
Authors: Simpson H. , Crous L. , Louw Q.
Published: June 2017

Ankle sprains are reportedly the most common lower limb injury amongst active individuals.
Joint mobilisation versus mechanical traction in the treatment of non-specific neck pain in adult patients: A retrospective review
Authors: Breed N. , Van Rooijen T.J. , Marais A.M.
Published: June 2017

Acute non-specific neck pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal condition referred to physiotherapists by general practitioners.
Spider diversity of the South African Savannah Biome
Authors: Dippenaar-Schoeman A.S. , Foord S.H. , Haddad C.R.
Published: June 2017

The spider diversity found in theSavanna Biome are discussed. A total of 1207 species from 62 families are known from thisBiome alone, of which 36% are endemic to the savanna.
Project Management Yinyang: Coupling project success and client satisfaction
Authors: Usher Greg Stewart , Whitty Stephen Jon
Published: June 2017

Our research applies paradox theory to a project management construct to help project management researchers and practitioners understand the tensions that can exist between project success and client satisfaction. Our research highlights that although project success and client satisfaction are both present within a project management construct, they also belong to different functional systems. Project success and client satisfaction have different systemic-discourses and use different language games to convey information. These distinctions can create latent and sometimes salient tensions within the project management construct that project managers must understand, embrace, and work with.We have used a Grounded Theory (GT) methodology to explore the lived experience of project managers, and from this have identified a phenomenon which we have termed project management yinyang.Project management yinyang is the state that exists when both project success and Client satisfaction are tightly coupled within the project management construct. Project management yinyang highlights that these two phenomena cannot be viewed as separate elements because the ‘seed’ of each exists within the other. And to truly achieve one, you must also achieve the other.Our findings indicate that in order to create project management yinyang the project manager must embrace a paradoxical yet holistic philosophy. They must understand the complementarity, interdependency, and structural coupling that exists between the positivist and interpretivist paradigms within the project management construct. They must understand how satisfaction (Yin) and success (Yang) are created through focus. Furthermore, they must understand how project management yinyang is separate from, but borne from, the convergence of the other two elements.
Paradigmas emergentes: um ensaio analítico
Authors: Azevedo Dulcian Medeiros de , Costa Lauriana Medeiros e , Almeida Júnior José Jailson de , Enders Bertha Cruz , Menezes Rejane Maria Paiva de
Published: June 2017

A sociedade contemporânea vive uma transição epistemológica, na qual o paradigma da ciência moderna mostra-se superado. Vários paradigmas têm emergido desde a revolução ocorrida nas ciências naturais desencadeada pela física no século XX. Neste ensaio, analisamos as propostas de inovação dos paradigmas científicos face à crise paradigmática existente na ordem mundial, com base nas idéias de Capra e Santos. Através de uma abordagem retrospectiva, traçamos a linha histórica do surgimento dos paradigmas, permitindo-nos perceber que a maneira pela qual um cientista vê um aspecto específico de seu mundo será orientada pelo paradigma em que está trabalhando, consubstanciando-se em critério de julgamento da verdade e da realidade, exercendo impacto sobre todas as áreas práticas, incluindo a enfermagem. O paradigma emergente incorpora a complexidade e a racionalidade plural. Identificamos que as propostas de inovação nos paradigmas científicos, face à crise paradigmática, têm uma posição epistemológica antipositivista, pautada nas concepções de complexidade, holismo, interdisciplinaridade, resgate da subjetividade, valorização das questões ética e ecológica.
Comparação da atividade de ácidos graxos essenciais e biomembrana na microbiota de feridas crônicas infectadas
Authors: Quege Geovana Eloisa , Bachion Maria Márcia , Lino Junior Ruy De Souza , Lima Ana Beatriz Mori , Ferreira Priscila Santos , Santos Queiliene Rosa dos , Pimenta Fabiana Cristina
Published: June 2017

Em pessoas curadas de hanseníase, as úlceras em membros inferiores representam um desafio aos profissionais, por serem crônicas, infectadas e recorrentes. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo comparar a ação de uma biomembrana de látex (Biocure®) e de um produto à base de AGE (Dersani®) na microbiota de feridas crônicas infectadas, em pessoas que receberam alta do tratamento para hanseníase. Trata-se de pesquisa realizada no Hospital de Dermatologia Sanitária, de Goiânia (GO), no período de fevereiro a outubro de 2007, na qual participaram 8 pessoas curadas de hanseníase, com 19 feridas infectadas, que foram, alocadas aleatoriamente em grupo A (tratado com Dersani®) e grupo B (tratado com Biocure®). Foram identificados Staphylococcus aureus (50%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (35,7%), Proteusvulgaris (8,2%), Enterobacter aerogenes (3,3%) e Escherichia coli (2,7%). Os resultados obtidos in vivo sugerem que o Dersani® tenha efeito antimicrobiano positivo sobre Enterobacter aerogenes e o Biocure® sobre Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Os resultados in vitro mostraram ausência de atividade de ambos os produtos sobre os microrganismos isolados das lesões.
Concepções e conhecimento sobre amamentação de profissionais da atenção básica à saúde
Authors: Arantes Cássia Irene Spinelli , Montrone Aida Victoria Garcia , Milioni Debora Brechesi
Published: June 2017

Os objetivos foram descrever e analisar concepções e conhecimento sobre amamentação de profissionais de nível superior que atuam na atenção básica à saúde de São Carlos-SP. Estudo descritivo e exploratório, cujos dados foram obtidos por entrevista semi-estruturada com 54 profissionais. Foi utilizado o método qualitativo de análise temática para apreensão das concepções. Os conhecimentos dos profissionais foram analisados por freqüência simples no programa Epi-Info. As concepções permearam quatro temáticas: amamentação é saúde para a criança; amamentação é vínculo entre mãe e filho; amamentação é um ato de baixo custo; as ações voltadas à amamentação na atenção básica precisam avançar. O percentual médio de acerto nas questões de conhecimento entre as categorias foi: enfermeiras, 92,2%; médicos pediatras, 88.1%; médicos de família, 86,7% e médicos ginecologistas e obstetras, 63,6%. O maior percentual de acerto foi sobre o uso de chupetas. Os erros mais freqüentes foram quanto à duração e freqüência das mamadas. As concepções estão voltadas aos benefícios que a amamentação proporciona para a saúde da criança e aos aspectos afetivos e sociais positivos. Enfermeiras e médicos pediatras demonstraram melhor desempenho no teste de conhecimento.
Percepção do homem sobre o pós-parto da mulher/companheira
Authors: Brito Rosineide Santana de , Oliveira Eteniger Marcela Fernandes de , Carvalho Fernanda Louise Alves de
Published: June 2017

Reconhecendo a influência do parceiro no contexto da reprodução, sentimos a necessidade de investigar a percepção do homem sobre o pós-parto da mulher objetivando subsidiar a assistência de Enfermagem na área obstétrica. O estudo teve como objetivos verificar o entendimento do homem acerca do pós-parto da companheira e identificar suas atitudes nessa fase da vida do casal. Trata-se de uma investigação exploratória descritiva em uma abordagem qualitativa desenvolvida no município de Natal-RN no período de setembro a outubro de 2006, junto a 15 homens que coabitavam com suas esposas. Os depoimentos revelaram que os entrevistados vivenciam o puerpério da companheira em idade jovem, com empregos temporários ou sem carteira assinada, baixa renda salarial, união consensual e com um número pequeno de filhos. Demonstraram entender o puerpério como uma fase em que a mulher deve repousar, abster-se de esforços físicos e ser cuidada. Desenvolvem atitudes de ajuda, para com ela, os filhos e o lar. Respondendo ao nosso questionamento afirmamos que os participantes do estudo apesar de não saberem definir corretamente conforme a literatura, percebem o pós-parto como um momento que requer cuidados, atenção, repouso, abstenção de tarefas e ajuda.