bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New data of deuterium excess values of glacial ice of Kamchatka
Authors: Chizhova Yu. N. , Mikhalenko V. N. , Korneva I. A. , Muravyov Ya. D. , Hayredinova A. G. , Vorobiev M. A.
Published: December 2024

The isotopic signature (δ18О, δ2Н, d-excess) of the ice of the Ushkovsky volcano in Kamchatka were studied. A new shallow ice core was obtained in 2022 in the Gorshkov crater. The 14 m long ice core was dated by counting annual layers, which were also compared with known eruptions in recent years. The upper 14 m of the glacier were formed over the last 16 years (from 2006 to 2022). The values of δ18О very from −16 to −24‰, δ2Н from −110,5 to −177,7‰, the averaged values are −20,5 and −150,2‰, respectively. The d-excess value varies with depth from 8,7 to 21,3‰, the average value is 13,7‰. For winter horizons at low values of δ18О and δ2Н, an increase in d-excess is noted. Such features are associated with the origin of moisture brought to Kamchatka. The source of moisture is the Pacific Ocean, the Sea of Okhotsk and the Sea of Japan, for which there are pronounced differences in the conditions of moisture evaporation between summer and winter. The increasing trends in δ18О and δ2Н values from 2006 to 2022 are accompanied by a decrease in deuterium excess, indicating an increase of summer precipitation. However, in addition to changes in seasonal proportions of precipitation, ice d-excess values may reflect climatic changes in the source of moisture.
Vortex convective flows formed during the melting of ice in single-component media
Authors: Chaplina T. O. , Pakhnenko V. P.
Published: December 2024

The results of theoretical and experimental studies of convective vortex currents formed during ice melting, as well as physical modeling of the phenomenon of spontaneous rotation of an ice disk on the water surface, are presented. It is shown that the cause of the observed movements on the surface of initially quiescent water is a cellular convective flow generated by the process of ice melting at the lower boundary of the disk, and a new physical model of such rotation is constructed.
Thermal effects in the matrix with the rare earth fraction
Authors: Yudintsev S. V. , Malkovsky V. I.
Published: December 2024

Separation of high-level waste (HLW) onto fractions simplifies their isolation in matrices and disposal. One of these fractions consists of rare earths (REE) and minor actinides (MA = Am, Cm). Among the rare earth elements there are isotopes 144Ce, 147Pm, 151Sm, and 154,155Eu with half-lives of up to 93 years, decay of the nuclides will cause heating of the matrices with HLW. It has been shown that preliminary storage of the REE–MA matrix for 10 years or more will reduce the content of REE radioisotopes and their contribution to temperature increase in geological repository.
Information about the oprichnina in the European narrative: to the question of textual borrowings
Authors: Filyushkin Alexander I.
Published: December 2024

The paper provides a genetic analysis of the European narrative about the Oprichnina of Ivan the Terrible: A. Schlichting, I. Taube and E. Kruse, G. Staden, A. Guagnini, P. Oderborn. The assumption is substantiated that the source for individual fragments of the works of A. Schlichting, A. Guagnini and P. Oderborn was a common text that has not reached us (possibly avvissi), creatively revised by these authors. The origin of information in the writings of foreigners is established, a hypothesis about textual borrowings and the relationship of texts is proposed. The conclusion is substantiated about a significant proportion of the literary component in these sources, which requires a special source analysis when using them as sources on the history of the Oprichnina of Ivan the Terrible.
The Basarga’s debt recovery as the episode of the oprichnina policy in Pomor’e and its consequences
Authors: Bashnin Nikita V. , Nikonov Sergey A.
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes one of the episodes of the Oprichnina – Basargin pravezh. This name was given to the defeat by the oprichnics detachment of the Pomorian volosts on the White Sea coast of the Kola Peninsula. The ruin was caused by economic disputes between rich Dvina peasants and peasants of Pomorian volosts over the right to own fishing grounds. The inclusion of Dvina land in the Oprichnina allowed the Dvina peasants to resolve the conflict in their favor. The article reveals the extent of the ruin and decline of the economy of the Pomerian volosts.
The People’s Commissariat of Justice and the development of Soviet legislation: from the revolutionary struggle to legality
Authors: Fedoseenkov Nikolay N.
Published: December 2024

The role of the People's Commissariat of Justice (NKYu) of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) in the development of early Soviet legislation has drawn the attention of researchers previously but remains underexplored. Therefore, it is crucial to analyze codification work led by NKYu as part of the 1922 reform and afterwards, study the specific features of those efforts, clarify the positions of legal scholars who drafted the first Soviet codes, examine the challenges they encountered, as well as the different perspectives on the new legislation at the time.
Soviet agriculture in the 1930s: results of socialist reconstruction
Authors: Ilinyh Vladimir А.
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the article is to determine the short- and medium-term economic consequences of the socialist reconstruction of the USSR agriculture carried out in the 1930s. The main attention is paid to determining the extent to which the tasks set before the beginning of its deployment were solved. It is concluded that by the end of the 1930s the grain and livestock problems remained unsolved in the USSR, it was not fully possible to replace small-scale commodity production with large mechanized production, the level of material welfare of collective farmers remained low. In general, only the task of supplying the population and industry with cotton and sugar beets was solved.
Russian Federation in the first year of reforms: difficulties and contradictions of the transition to the market economy
Authors: Kirsanov Roman G.
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes the first year of the implementation of radical economic reforms in Russia, also known as the policy of "shock therapy". The author examines the conditions prevailing by the early 1990s for the transition to a market economy and examines the key measures of the government of E.T. Gaidar in 1992. Assessing the activities of the new Russian government, the author draws attention to the fact that the reformers actually had to act in a time-consuming environment: the economy was completely unbalanced, the old mechanisms of public administration were destroyed, new mechanisms of public administration had not yet been created. In addition, the institutions functioning in the country were not adapted for a rapid transition to a new social formation, which in many ways predetermined the difficulties of the transition period. At the same time, the author notes numerous mistakes made by the new government during the period of radical economic reform.
The political police of Nicholas Russia in the works of a modern historian
Authors: Bibikov Grigoriy N.
Published: December 2024

Using the example of M.V. Sidorova's monograph «On Gendarmes, Emperors and Fine Arts», the article discusses the organization of the higher (political) police of the Russian Empire in the XIX century, the activities of Alexander Benckendorff and Leonty Dubelt.
Russian emperors, empresses and their children in the archive scattering of the State Archive of the Russian Federation
Authors: Belousova Olga V.
Published: December 2024

The article examines a new book by M.V. Sidorova, which is a collection of her publications published between the 1990s and the early 2020s and written on the basis of unknown or little-known documents on the history of the Third Section of His Imperial Majesty’s Chancellery, as well as representatives of the dynasty. The author focuses on the analysis of works dedicated specifically to individuals from the Imperial family.
Current past
Authors: Leontieva Tatyana G.
Published: December 2024

The review analyzes the articles of the famous historian, Doctor of Historical Sciences, professor, employee of the IRI RAS S.V. Tyutyukin and his memoirs published in the book "Stanislav Vasilyevich Tyutyukin. Selected works / Comp. I.S. Udaltsov et al. M.: Collection, 2022". A wide range of his scientific interests, attention to documentary material, accuracy of assessments of the studied events, and the ability to make historical predictions are noted. The importance of preserving the "off-duty" biography of S.V. Tyutyukin in historical memory, reflecting his creative inclinations and pedagogical talents, is emphasized.
THE CARLIST THEME IN THE DIARY OF A MADMAN BY N. V. GOGOL
Authors:   Institute of Foreign Languages, Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Tereshchuk Andrei Andreevich
Published: December 2024

The article considers N. V. Gogol’s allusions to the history of the initial period of the First Car-list War in Spain in his story Diary of a Madman. The information about Spain that the author might have possessed while writing the story is analyzed. The ties between certain dates mentioned in the text and the real events of 1833–1834 are outlined. Poprishchin, the protagonist of the book, is compared to the pretender to the Spanish throne Don Carlos.
WORKING ON THE MANUSCRIPTS OF VYACH. IVANOV’S ARTICLES. PART 2. JURGIS BALTRUSAITIS AS A LYRICIST
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkinskij Dom), Russian Academy of Sciences, Kumpan Ksenia Andreevna
Published: December 2024

Due to systematization and decoding of Ivanov’s draft manuscripts for the article, unknown notes of Baltrusaitis were discovered therein, and they seem to provide the conceptual basis for Ivanov’s article. Apart from clarifying the history of the article and indicating Baltrusaitis’s involvement, the manuscript provides data for establishing the dates and identifying the unknown versions of a number of his poems.
THE MUSIC TEACHER AND THE «PARISIAN NOTE» (CONCERNING THE HISTORY OF A. M. REMIZOV’S ENGAGEMENT WITH THE LITERARY MAGAZINE СHISLA)
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkinskij Dom), Russian Academy of Sciences, Obatnina Elena Rudol’fovna
Published: December 2024

The newly discovered data from Remizov’s personal archive make a major contribution to the history of the magazine Chisla, since formerly the role of the writer in its circle of young artists has been underestimated. The article combines individual facts of Remizov’s biography (1930–1934) into a sequence of events that outline his frst steps towards establishing a literary «school» for the young Parisians, involving the representatives of such press organs as Volya Rossii, Novaya Gazeta and Chisla. The article analyzes Remizov’s publications in Chisla, in particular, his short stories, later on to be incorporated into the novel The Music Teacher, as a source of literary infuence on the youth circle at Chisla, as well as the writer’s response to the critical reception of the magazine’s aesthetic program.
SOME FEATURES OF POETICAL TRANSLATIONS OF CHINESE CLASSICAL POETRY IN RUSSIA: THE CASE OF TRANSLATIONS OF THE SIGHS BY CAO ZHI
Authors:   Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Liu Zhiqiang , Xiong Hui ,   Sichuan University
Published: December 2024

This article examines the previously unreported issue of the Russian translators’ perception of Cao Zhi’s poem The Sighs. Analyzing the works of L. E. Cherkassky, V. A. Zhuravlev, M. E. Kravtsova, one can draw the following conclusions: all the translators stayed very faithful to the original text. All the three translations represent the translation school founded by V. M. Alekseev, where the main goal was to convey the meanings, emotionality and imagery of the original. At the same time, three stages of the evolution of translation skills can be traced. V. A. Zhuravlev’s translation is focused on adapting Chinese poetry to the artistic perception of the mass Russian reader. L. E. Cherkassky’s translation is a step towards uniting the artistic embodiment of the original text and its original formal and lexical features. The translation by M. Ye. Kravtsova is an attempt to show the reader the originality of Chinese poetry.
ARCHAIST-ENLIGHTENER YA. A. GALINKOVSKY: TO THE CHARACTERISTICS OF LITERARY REPUTATION
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkinskij Dom), Baskina Maria Emmanuilovna ,   National Research university Higher School of Economics (St. Petersburg)
Published: December 2024

The article is an attempt to modify the established image of Ya. A. Galinkovsky’s short and unfortunate literary biography as an evolution from a karamzinist into an anti-karamzinist and fnally into a shishkovist. We re-consider Galinkovsky within a different, less salient circle of learned translators and critics of «archaic-enlightened» orientation.
RUSSIAN LITERATURE IN TERMS OF HISTORICAL NARRATOLOGY
Authors:   National Research Mordovia State University, Dubrovskaia Svetlana Anatol’evna , Osovskii Oleg Efimovich ,   Plekhanov Russian State University of Economics
Published: December 2024

[Review:] Tezaurus istoricheskoi narratologii (na materiale russkoi literatury): Eksperimental’nyi slovar’ / Pod red. V. I. Tiupy. M.: Editus, 2022. 316 s.
THE WRITTEN AND ICONOGRAPHIC TRADITION OF ANCIENT RUSSIA RESEARCH CONFERENCE
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkinskij Dom), Russian Academy of Sciences, Belova Anna Borisovna
Published: December 2024

[Meeting Abstract]
CENTURY AS A PLOT NATIONAL RESEARCH CONFERENCE
Authors:   Tver State University, Vasil’eva Svetlana Anatol’evna , Sorochan Aleksandr Iur’evich ,   Tver State University
Published: December 2024

[Meeting Abstract]
THE GLORY OF BABYLONIAN HARLOT: A. O. SMIRNOVA-ROSSET IN THE POETIC DIALOGUE BETWEEN I. S. AKSAKOV AND N. M. YAZYKOV (1845–1846)
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkinskij Dom) Russian academy of Sciences, Dmitriev Andrei Petrovich
Published: December 2024

The article publishes an unknown versifed epistle To a Young Man (1846) from the Aksakov archive, which is attributed to N. M. Yazykov. The poetic dialogue between I. S. Aksakov and Yazykov, aimed at exposing the ideology of Georgesandism, is analyzed. Using the data from the unpublished family correspondence, the available information on the initial period of the relationship between Aksakov and A. O. Smirnova-Rosset is clarifed.
I. S. AKSAKOV AND M. F. DE-POULET IN A DIALOGUE ABOUT RUSSIAN LITERATURE
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkinskij Dom), Russian academy of Sciences, Fetisenko Ol’ga Leonidovna
Published: December 2024

The source basis for this article is the unpublished correspondence between I. S. Aksakov and M. F. De-Poulet, which is especially interesting because it offers a profound insight into a Slavophile’s views on Russian literature. The appendix to the article contains a letter from Aksakov with detailed reminis reminiscences on A. V. Koltsov, to whom his interlocutor had dedicated the book.
WHY V. G. KOROLENKO NEVER PUBLISHED HIS ESSAY ON CONSERVATISM
Authors:   A. M. Gorky Institute of World Literature, Russian Academy of Sciences, Andrushchenko Elena Anatol’evna
Published: December 2024

The article refects on why V. G. Korolenko had left his essay New Phenomena in the Field of the Metropolitan Press unpublished. A draft copy of the work with the author’s markings is examined as a text incorporating fragments of a previously published article Metamorphosis of the «Grazhdanin» (1896). Coinciding quotations, remarks about them and about the author’s intentions suggest that korolenko planned to use it as a basis for a specialized article on conservative press.
VSEMIRNAYA LITERATURA PUBLIShING HOUSE IN THE LITERARY CAREER OF A. G. GORNFELD
Authors:   The National Library of Russia, Liubimova Marina Iur’evna , Chechnev Iakov Dmitrievich ,   A. M. Gorky Institute of World Literature, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2024

The article examines the contributions of Arkady Georgievich Gornfeld (1867–1941), a literary critic and translator, to the Vsemirnaya Literatura publishing house in 1918–1922. Formerly unexplored archival documents are introduced into the academic circulation: administrative and fnancial documents of the publishing house, unpublished correspondence. The Appendix contains excerpts from the meeting transcript of the editorial board (1921), where translations of the novels by I. V. Goethe were discussed.
«IF TAKEN BY OUR ENEMIES…» BY O. E. MANDELSTAM: VERSES ON REASON AND MADNESS
Authors:   А. M. Gorky Institute of World Literature, Russian Academy of Sciences, Surat Irina Zakharovna
Published: December 2024

The article analyses Osip Mandelstam’s poem «If Taken by our Enemies…» (1937), it discusses the background of the text and the dubia ending of the poem that N. Mandelstam insisted on. The interpretation of the poem is based on the analysis of its lexical and grammatical structure, syntactic and subject-object architecture. Biographical context is included in the research and taken into account. A comparison with Pushkin’s «Oh, Save me God from Going Mad…» as the precedential text suggests a hidden madness theme and yet another, implicit semantical layer of this poem.
V. V. NABOKOV AND THE REVIEW RUSSIAN ANNALS
Authors:   State University of Milan, Schruba Manfred
Published: December 2024

The article expounds Nabokov’s collaboration with the review Russian Annals (Paris; Shanghai, 1937–1938, Nos. 1–20/21), where the writer published five of his works between December 1937 (№ 2) and February 1939 (№ 14). Based on archival data from the Hoover Institution, the study outlines their publication history and reveals the reasons why the collaboration ceased. Quotes from the correspondence between M. V. Vishniak, the review’s secretary, and the publisher M. N. Pavlovskii offer new insights into Nabokov’s personal and artistic biography at the end of the 1930s.
UNSTRESSED PENTASYLLABIC INTERVALS IN B. L. PASTERNAK’S LYRICAL POETRY
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics (Moscow), Polivanova Daria Konstantinovna
Published: December 2024

This article analyses all the occurrences of unstressed pentasyllabic intervals in Boris Pasternak’s lyric poetry. Such intervals appear in trisyllabic meters when a single unstressed syllable is in ictic position, or when two sequential unstressed icti appear in an iambic or trochaic line. The abundance of such rhythmic phenomena is typical for Pasternak’s poetry. An analysis of associated morphological and syntactic patterns helps to further clarify the rhythmic and syntactic solutions that define Pasternak’s poetic style.
RUSSIAN LIBRARY OF J. L. BORGES: NAMES, CONTEXTS, LACUNAE
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Kovalev Boris Vadimovich
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes literary links between Borges and Russian authors. In the course of the study, errors are identified and gaps filled in various sections of the largest Borges studies site «Borges Center». The contexts of mentioning such authors as P. D. Uspensky, A. A. Blok, M. P. Artsybashev, I. E. Babel, M. Gorky, L. N. Andreev and B. L. Pasternak are clarified. In addition, explanations for citing these authors are provided. Despite the small number of references to the texts of Russian authors, Borges demonstrates in-depth knowledge in certain areas of Russian literature.
A MISSED TRACE OF ANTIQUITY IN OBLOMOV ’S DREAM (GONCHAROV AND VIRGIL)
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkinskij Dom) Russian Academy of Sciences, Balakin Aleksei Iur’evich
Published: December 2024

The article shows the literary source of one rhetorical device in the chapter Oblomov’s Dream from the novel Oblomov by I. A. Goncharov. This is the poem Georgics by Publius Virgil Maron, or rather, one of its most famous fragments: well known as Praise of Italy (Laus Italiae). In addition, it is hypothesized, that when describing Oblomovka, Goncharov parodied ancient rhetorical manuals, which developed rules for describing countries and localities («laudatio locorum»).
CHEKHOVIANA OF A. P. CHUDAKOV
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Sukhikh Igor Nikolaevich
Published: December 2024

[Review:] Chudakov A. P. A. P. Chekhov v prizhiznennoi kritike 1882–1904. Bibliograficheskaia monografiia-ukazatel’. M.: Teatral’nyi muzei im. A. A. Bakhrushina, 2022. T. 1. 520 s.; 2023. T. 2. 500 s. (Bakhrushinskaia ser.)
EUGENE ONEGIN BEYOND THE PUSHKIN ERA: TRACING THE HISTORY OF RECEPTION (1844–1999)
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkinskij Dom), Russian Academy of Sciences, Virolainen Mariia Naumovna
Published: December 2024

The article traces two lines of reception of Pushkin’s novel Eugene Onegin up to the year 1999. One of them, shaped in the post-Golden Age period of the 19th century, in the era of prose, goes back to V. G. Belinsky and F. M. Dostoevsky, while the other one, proclaimed in the 20th century, is associated with the theoretical constructions of the Formalists and M. M. Bakhtin.
A. S. PUSHKIN’S WORK ON THE INTONATION SYSTEM IN THE BRONZE HORSEMAN
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Seifert Elena Ivanovna ,   Moscow State Linguistic University
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes the intonation system in the draft versions and the final text of Pushkin’s The Bronze Horseman. In an effort to purge the Introduction of the lowly prosaic intonation, Pushkin had cleared the final text of the respective elements (extra enjambements, matter-of-fact wording, prosaisms) that did occur in the draft, and made ample use of the negative techniques (lack of spectacular assonances and odic cliches). In the first part of the poem, eugene’s intonation theme is introduced, with its rhythmic and intonational leitmotif, the enjambements. In the drafts, Eugene is deliberately shown as lowly (through careful wording and increased number of enjambements); in the draft, the description of the «raging elements» is more detailed than in the final text. The evolution of the image of Eugene in Pushkin’s mind is traceable in the drafts of the second part.
ABOUT ANOTHER SOURCE OF THE QUEEN OF SPADES
Authors:   Independent Researcher, Parshukova Nadezhda Alekseievna , Romanova Elena Alekseievna ,   Independent Researcher
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes another possible source of A. S. Pushkin’s novella The Queen of Spades, associated with the French historical realities of the life story of the old countess. The authors believe that the poet might have used The Rollicking Chronicles (Chroniques de l’Œil de Bœuf) by G. Touchard-Lafosse, while the frst edition of the book was published shortly before Pushkin’s text. Certain signifcant realities of The Queen of Spades are easily traceable in this source: Montgolfer’s hot air balloon, Mesmer’s magnetism, playing pharaoh at court, the description of Count Saint-Germain and the principal components of his myth. Comparing the respective parts of Pushkin’s text with the Chronicles, we came up with a slightly different outlook on the well-known work of russian classical literature.
CONCERNING THE VITAS OF SAINTS BY DIMITRY OF ROSTOV: RESEARCH RESULTS AND PROSPECTS
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkinskij Dom), Russian Academy of Sciences, Fedotova Marina Anatoliyevna
Published: December 2024

The article summarizes the research work on the Book of the Vitas of Saints (Chetia-Minea) by Dimitry of Rostov, the principal work in the legacy of the Metropolitan of Rostov. The article focuses on the analysis of A. M. Derzhavin’s Chetii-Minei of Dimitry of Rostov as a Religious and Historical Literary Monument, written in the prerevolutionary period, yet never published before 2006–2018. What makes the work of A. M. Derzhavin outstanding is that he had identifed most of the sources, handwritten and printed, Russian and Western European (Latin and Polish) that Dimitry of Rostov used while working on this piece. The article presents the research results and outlines the avenues of further studies of the Book of the Vitas of the Saints.
D. P. IAKUBOVICH’S UNPUBLISHED REVIEW OF A. A. AKHMATOVA’S COLLECTION THE ROSARY
Authors:   National Library of Russia, Slepkov Iakov Veniaminovich , Turchanenko Vladimir Vladimirovich ,   Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkinskij Dom), Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2024

The article introduces the academic community to D. P. Iakubovich’s surviving unpublished review of Anna Akhmatova’s collection of verse The Rosary (4th ed., Petrograd, 1916). The authors substantiate the dating of the review and suggest the reasons for its non-publication. Data from the personal archives of D. P. Iakubovich (Manuscript Department, Institute of Russian Literature) and A. G. Gornfeld (Manuscripts Department, National Library of Russia), as well as the testimonies of their contemporaries, help to reconstruct the changes of Iakubovich’s attitude to the poetry of Anna Akhmatova.
A. A. AKHMATOVA’S NOTEBOOKS: THE CHARACTERS
Authors:   Hebrew University, Timenchik Roman Davidovich
Published: December 2024

The article provides commentaries on the people mentioned by A. A. Akhmatova in her notebooks. These notes are based on written testimonies, memoirs, etc., and should be taken into account in the forthcoming Complete Works, chronicles of the poet’s life and career, etc.
V. A. AND E. E. ZHUKOVSKY: NEW ICONOGRAPHIC MATERIALS
Authors:   The State Hermitage Museum, Avetyan Natalia Yurievna
Published: December 2024

The article deals with the attribution of the two early photographic portraits of V. A. and E. E. Zhukovsky from the collection of the State Hermitage Museum. Researching the work of the photographers S. Gerothwohl and E. Tanner, who took the photographs, and juxtapositioning them with the iconographic materials of the poet and his wife, we confirm the hypothesis that the portraits of unknown personae are the earliest photographs of the Zhukovskys, made in Frankfurt in 1845.
TO THE HISTORY OF A TURGENEV PREFACE (AN UNKNOWN LETTER BY CHARLES EDMOND TO I. S. TURGENEV)
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkinskij Dom), Russian Academy of Sciences, Generalova Natalja Petrovna
Published: December 2024

The article examines an episode that has to do with Turgenev’s involvement in the publication of I. Ya. Pavlovsky’s autobiographical work En Cellule (Impressions of a Nihilist), published in translation, in three installments, by the French newspaper Le Temps in 1879. The letter of Charles Edmond (Chojecki) that was previously misattributed, makes it clear that, apart from writing the preface and afterword to Pavlovsky’s work, Turgenev was involved in editing it.
«CULTURE OF CLICHES» IN CHEKHOV’S EARLY PROSE
Authors:   Masaryk University, Dohnal Josef ,   University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Cherepanova Svetlana Nikolaevna ,   University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius
Published: December 2024

The article deals with the reassessment of some well-established literary cliches in A. P. Chekhov’s work, with the writer,s early stories («Elements Most Often Found in Novels, Short Stories, Etc.», «Words, Words and Words», «A Thousand and One Passions, or a Scary Night») taken as the case studies. Using literary images, techniques, plot moves, colocations and phrases that were common for his time, Chekhov reinterprets them in parody vein.
ENIGMATIC TEXT POETICS IN THE POEM «THE DUEL» BY N. A. ZABOLOTSKJ
Authors:   St. Petersburg Institute of Jewish Studies, Kobrinskii Aleksandr Arkad’evich
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes one of the earliest poems by N. Zabolotsky, «The Duel». It shows that the semantic center of the text is gradually shifting from the plotline towards verbal experiments. Any attempt to establish prototypes is checked by the fundamental polysemy that refers to an entire cultural and literary layer, rather than a specific person or event. This poetics shows multiple influences of Daniil Kharms’ play The Comedy of the City of Petersburg.
A. M. REMIZOV DOSTOEVSKY’S SECRET THOUGHT FROM HIS REMINISCENCES OF A CONVICT. A BAD PREDICAMENT
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkinskij Dom), Russian Academy of Sciences, Gracheva Alla Mikhailovna
Published: December 2024

The original text of the preface and comments by A. M. Remizov to the short story by F. M. Dostoevsky, that Remizov had intended to publish in the French edition: Dostoievsky Th. M. Scandaleuse histoire / Traduction originale d’A. Remizoff et J. Chuzeville. Illustrations de G. Annenkoff. Preface de L. Durtain. Paris: Éditions des Quatre Vents, 1945 is reproduced here from the author’s autograph. Remizov’s text is accompanied by an introductory note and commentaries.
RUSSIAN LITERATURE AND THE SCENARIOS OF POWER DURING THE REIGN OF ALEXANDER I AND NICHOLAS I
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Bodrova Alina Sergeevna ,   Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkinskij Dom), Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2024

[Review:] Kiseleva L. N. Karamzinisty i arkhaisty. Stat’i raznykh let. Tartu: University of Tartu Press, 2023. 875 s.
THE ROAD TO THE ACADEMIC HISTORY OF RUSSIAN LITERATURE: REFLECTIONS ON M. N. VIROLAINEN’S WORKS ON THE POETRY OF THE GOLDEN AGE AND ROMANTICISM
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkinskij Dom), Russian Academy of Sciences, Alekseeva Nadezhda Iurievna
Published: December 2024

The article offers the reflections on M. N. Virolainen’s Russian Romanticism as a Problem and On the Genres of the Golden Age Lyrical Poetry, that offer a new perspective on the poetry of the Pushkin era, and touches upon a number of points put forward therein. The central issue under discussion is the attribution of poetological thinking of the first third of the 19th century to the genre thinking that informs the epoch of Classicism. Even though some of the arguments put forward by M. N. Virolainen in favor of this seem valid, she considers the use by the poets of the Golden Age of elements of the Classical genres in the new contexts while preserving the memory of their origin to be a property of new poetry, rather than Classicism, and, accordingly, the underlying thinking is not a genre one, but new.
GOGOL’S “THE NOSE” IN PUSHKIN’S CIRCLE On the 1836 edition of the story in the journal “Sovremennik”
Authors:   Emory University, Proskurina Vera
Published: December 2024

This article examines the literary and
historical context of Gogol’s novella in its
second edition. In 1836, preparing The
Nose for publication in Pushkin’s Sovremennik, Gogol made changes to his text
that were in no way related to censorship
problems. These insertions intensifi ed the
erotic sounding of The Nose and introduced an additional parodic, playful element. Rejected by the Moscow Observer
as indecent or obscene and dirty, the story
was appreciated only by a few in Pushkin’s circle, and this second version of the
story, created at a time when Gogol was
working closely with the Pushkin circle,
sheds light on important aspects of the literary, linguistic and ideological position
of Pushkin and his friends in 1836.
НОРМАТИВНО-ПРАВОВЕ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ «СУХИХ ПОРТІВ»
Authors: РУДА Тетяна , БАРАБАШ Олександр
Published: December 2024

Статтю присвячено дослідженню нормативно-правового регулюванню функціонування «сухих портів». Наведено огляд основних нормативних документів, які розкривають питання здійснення мультимодальних перевезень. Окреслено колізійні питання вітчизняної практики унормовування діяльності «сухих портів» та проблемні питання й напрями їх удосконалення в контексті доопрацювання вітчизняної нормативно-правової бази з досліджуваного питання.
ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ РИНКУ ПРАЦІ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ
Authors: СКЛЯРУК Тетяна , НЕСТЕР Олена
Published: December 2024

У статті проаналізовано стан та тенденції українського ринку праці в умовах війни, розкриваючи як виклики, так і адаптивні можливості.
Аналізування  ринку праці України в умовах війни відображає глибокі трансформації, спричинені військовими діями, економічною нестабільністю та масовою міграцією населення. Вже на другий тиждень війни кількість робочих місць знизилася на 55–85%, а 5,3 млн українців виїхали за кордон, що суттєво вплинуло на ринок праці. Однією з головних перешкод для бізнесу став дефіцит кадрів через мобілізацію та міграцію. У 2023 році 44% підприємств стикнулися із труднощами  кадрового забезпечення, а 55,1% відзначили рекордну складність у пошуку кваліфікованих працівників.
ІТ-сектор виявився єдиною галуззю, яка зберегла позитивну динаміку, забезпечивши 3,5% ВВП у 2022 році, що стало можливим завдяки релокації компаній та відкриттю нових офісів за кордоном. У 2024 році ринок праці демонструє ознаки відновлення: кількість вакансій перевищила довоєнний рівень, а приріст вакансій у прифронтових областях досяг 77,5%. Водночас залишається значний дисбаланс між попитом і пропозицією робочої сили, особливо в регіонах. Війна спричинила зміни у структурі ринку праці: зріс попит на віддалену роботу (зростання вакансій на 39%) та підвищилася роль жінок, які становлять 58,8% нових ФОП. Відзначається зростання оплати праці — 40,9% роботодавців підвищили зарплати у 2024 році. Описано зусилля уряду, спрямовані на подолання кризи, зокрема програму "єРобота", яка створила 55 тис. робочих місць. Попри значні виклики, ринок праці України демонструє стійкість і адаптивність, підтверджуючи позитивні тенденції зростання у 2024 році, що є важливим фактором економічного відновлення країни.
У статті проаналізовано зміну  попиту на вакансії, зокрема у прифронтових регіонах, збільшення кількості дистанційної роботи та зростання ролі жінок у підприємництві. Окрему увагу приділено проблемам оплати праці, бронювання працівників та дефіциту кадрів. Ринок праці поступово відновлюється, а кількість вакансій у 2024 році перевищує довоєнні показники. Автоматизація, перекваліфікація кадрів і підтримка молоді визначаються як ключові напрями подолання дефіциту робочої сили.
Стаття акцентує на важливості розвитку навичок, таких як багатозадачність, емоційний інтелект і стресостійкість, які є критичними для успішного працевлаштування в 2024-2025 роках.
УПРАВЛІННЯ РИЗИКАМИ НА РІЗНИХ ЕТАПАХ ЖИТТЄВОГО ЦИКЛУ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ
Authors: НАЗАРЧУК Тетяна , ТЮРІНА Ніла , БУЦЕНКО Сергій , ГУРНИЦЬКИЙ Олександр
Published: December 2024

У статті досліджено теоретичні та практичні аспекти управління ризиками на різних етапах життєвого циклу організації. Розглянуто сутнісні характеристики категорії «ризик» та «життєвий цикл». Визначено та структуровано характерні особливості основних стадій життєвого циклу організації. Наведено загальну схему ідентифікації ризиків підприємства. Визначено та структуровано найбільш характерні ризики за різними етапами життєвого циклу, а також методи, які дозволять їх ідентифікувати Обґрунтовано, що для підвищення ефективності системи управління ризиками на різних етапах життєвого циклу необхідно дотримуватися відповідних принципів. Визначено, що системне управління ризиками – це багатоступеневий процес, який має на меті зменшити або оптимізувати втрати підприємства у ризикових ситуаціях. Описано основні етапи реалізації системи управління ризиками на підприємстві.
ЗАСАДИ ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ СИСТЕМИ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА
Authors: СЕВОСТ’ЯНОВ Віталій
Published: December 2024

Мета статті полягає у розкритті засад оцінювання потенціалу системи економічної безпеки підприємства.
Окреслено склад засад оцінювання потенціалу системи економічної безпеки підприємства, до яких включено особливості об’єкта оцінювання, вимоги до оцінювання, користувачів результатів оцінювання, напрями використання результатів оцінювання. Надано розуміння системи економічної безпеки підприємства та потенціалу системи економічної безпеки підприємства. Визначено склад особливостей потенціалу системи економічної безпеки підприємства  як об’єкта оцінювання, та розкрито зміст кожної з них. Запропоновано склад вимог до оцінювання потенціалу системи економічної безпеки підприємства, та описано зміст кожної з них. Окреслено користувачів результатів оцінювання потенціалу системи економічної безпеки підприємства, й для кожного з таких користувачів показано джерела його зацікавленості у результатах оцінювання потенціалу системи економічної безпеки підприємства. Визначено можливі напрями використання результатів оцінювання потенціалу системи економічної безпеки підприємства, і такі напрями розглянуто за кожним з визначених користувачів результатів такого оцінювання.
The potential of lemon cui (Citrus microcarpa) from Ternate Island as a natural feed additive for broiler chickens reared at high density
Authors: Sapsuha Yusri , Tjokrodiningrat Suryati , Yusnaini Yusnaini , Lestari Sri , Kusuma Dewi Eka , Sjafani Nur
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to determine the potential effects of lemon cui from Ternate Island on the performance of broiler chickens reared at high density. The study used 360 broiler chicks (14 days old) in a completely randomized design with the following treatments: T0 (chicks reared at a normal density of 8 birds/m² without lemon cui juice), T1 (chicks reared at a high density of 16 birds/m² without lemon cui juice), T2 (chicks reared at a high density of 16 birds/m² with 0.5 ml/L lemon cui juice), T3 (chicks reared at a high density of 16 birds/m² with 1.0 ml/L lemon cui juice), and T4 (chicks reared at a high density of 16 birds/m² with 1.5 ml/L lemon cui juice). The results showed that the administration of lemon cui juice in the drinking water of broiler chickens reared at high density significantly (p<0.05) improved performance. The thymus and bursa of Fabricius were smaller (p<0.05) in broiler chickens reared at high density without lemon cui juice. In conclusion, the administration of lemon cui juice from Ternate Island can improve performance and enhance the development of immune organs in broiler chickens reared at high density.
Correlation between newborn foal behavior during routine husbandry procedures and temperament when the foal grows older
Authors: Peruchi Ana Paula de Moraes , Andrade Antonio Tadeu de , Gonçalves Elaine Cristine Piffer , Bárbaro-Torneli Ivana Marino , Schmidek Anita
Published: December 2024

It would be helpful if behaviours presented in routine procedures could be used as temperament indicators, thus directing tailor-made husbandry procedures and optimising resources and animal wellbeing. We evaluated whether the behaviours presented by 25 foals during the first navel treatment and first halter session at weaning were correlated with the behaviours presented during a new object overpassing test at one year of age. Foals that showed less reactivity and tickling and were more relaxed were more strongly correlated with foals that showed greater exploratory activity and greater confidence in crossing a novel object when they were older. Additionally, foals that were more curious towards humans and more relaxed were more prone to overpass a new object and had a better transposition style. Correlations verified between routine procedures and a behaviour test indicate the possibility of early identification of equine temperament, allowing husbandry techniques and specific training for the individual, enhancing training efficiency, animal welfare, and improving human-horse interactions.
Analysis of convective heat transfer in dairy cattle via computational fluid dynamics
Authors: Sousa Andressa Carvalho de , Filho José Antonio Delfino Barbosa , Gurgel Jasson Fernandez , Cardoso Francisca Ingrid Ferreira , Santos José Cássio Sousa dos , Sousa Andreza Maciel de , Araujo Maria Gabriela Marcineiro , Corrêa Wellington Cruz , Marques Jordânio Inácio , Leite Patrício Gomes , Pereira Alécio Matos , De Oliveira Junior Jose Oscar Lustosa , Azevedo Danielle Maria Machado Ribeiro , Hassum Izabella Cabral , Machado Nítalo André Farias
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to evaluate convective heat transfer in dairy cattle during grazing in a tropical climate region through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Furthermore, this study aimed to explore the relationship between an animal’s orientation and airflow during grazing. To achieve these objectives, a virtual bovine model was developed, incorporating detailed physiological and morphometric parameters, and subjected to CFD simulations employing the k-ɷ SST model. Local meteorological data from Chapadinha, Maranhão, Brazil, were employed to characterize the micrometeorological profile, and physiological parameters from four adult dairy cattle were measured to define simulation boundary conditions. The study revealed an average convective heat transfer of 88.85 W/m². Furthermore, the results demonstrated a notable variation in convective heat transfer, with a 33.5% increase when the orientation was altered from 0° to 30°, followed by a slight reduction of 2.29% when the orientation was increased to 45°. Hence, by employing CFD with the k-ω SST model, it was possible to estimate the convective heat loss of dairy cattle. The orientation of the animal relative to the airflow in the pasture significantly influences convective heat loss and should be considered in strategies and infrastructures designed to optimize heat transfer.
Anatomical and physiological properties of the dromedary: A potential sustainability alternative and a vital asset in the era of climate change
Authors: Kebir Nasr Eddine , Berber Naima , Zahzeh Meriem Rabia
Published: December 2024

The one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius), commonly referred to as the Arabian camel, is primarily found in North Africa, tropical Africa, the Middle East, and the Indian subcontinent. The dromedary camel is of immense economic, social, and ecological value to nomadic and rural communities, offering high-quality animal protein through milk and meat and serving as a vital means of transportation. In some places, camels are also expected to enhance local tourism, providing much-needed financial support to the local economy. Owing to their unique qualities, camels are essential for maintaining desert ecosystems, setting them apart from other domestic livestock. The adaptations of dromedaries are tailored for survival in harsh environments with limited water and food, extreme heat, and rugged terrain. These adaptations include specialized skin, eyes, nostrils, lips, large bodies, long legs, and wide foot pads. Additionally, the biological, physiological, and biochemical traits of camels and their behavioral adaptations contribute to their resilience in desert conditions. These adaptations include water conservation, unique blood properties, thermoregulation, and efficient digestion and metabolism. Furthermore, the feeding, drinking, thermal, and reproductive behaviors of camels significantly support survival in deserts. The anatomical and physiological characteristics of the dromedary make it the ideal animal to meet the needs of users globally, especially amid climate change, where global warming, water scarcity, and scarce pastures are common. Therefore, camels are crucial for stabilizing the food supply in arid desert regions, nourishing their keepers, and serving as vital contributors to food security and sovereignty within desert ecosystems.
Biochemical and hematological alterations in horses subjected to performance tests in a semiarid region
Authors: Costa Maria Dulcinéia da , Teixeira Pedro Gabriel Dias , Carvalho Cinara da Cunha Siqueira , Reis Alvimara Felix dos Reis , Silva Thiago Pablo Rodrigues , Duarte Maria Clara Leite , Cordeiro Matheus Wilson Silva , Oliveira Laura Lúcia Santos , Ruas José Reinaldo Mendes , Aspiazu Ignacio
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the hematological, physiological and biochemical alterations of quarter and crossbred horses subjected to vaquejada tests in semiarid regions and to determine the welfare conditions of the animals in these competitions. We evaluated 18 pure and crossbred Quarter horses, males and females, with ages ranging from two to 13 years and an average live weight of 476.5 kg, divided into three groups (animals in early training, animals in an intermediate phase and animals considered fit for competition). Four samples were collected at 30-day intervals. The physiological, hematological and biochemical parameters were measured at two time points: before, with the animal resting, and immediately after the vaquejada test simulation. The experimental design was subdivided into plots that were repeated over time (three types of training, two moments and four collections). The results were subjected to analysis of variance, and the means were compared via Tukey’s test at 5% significance. There was an effect of the moment of collection on the respiratory rate, hematocrit and glucose concentration. There was a marked increase in heart rate, approximately 25%, from the first collection to the subsequent collection, which remained constant until the last collection. The heart rates of the animals remained constant, but immediately after the test, the average heart rate of the animals at the beginning of training was lower than that in the other phases. More research is needed to determine the time at which physiological and biochemical parameters return to normal patterns and to predict possible injuries in the conditioning of horses participating in the vaquejada.
Behavioral responses of cows and goats during slaughtering for Eid Al-Adha: A field study in Surakarta
Authors: Muthoifin  , Afiyah Ishmah , Nuha
Published: December 2024

This study aims to observe and analyze the response and behavior of cows and goats during the slaughter process of sacrificial animals on Eid al-Adha 1445H in Surakarta, Indonesia. The study focuses on the various stages of slaughter, from transportation, placement, slaughter process, to post slaughter handling, with the aim of improving the welfare of animals through a better understanding of their behavior under these conditions. The research method used is a qualitative approach by conducting participatory observations, in-depth interviews, and visual documentation (photos and videos) at several slaughter sites in Surakarta. Research participants include slaughtering officers, qurbani organizers, veterinary experts, and the surrounding community. The data were analyzed thematically to identify the behavior patterns and responses of animals and the factors that influence them. The object of the study consisted of cows and goats prepared for qurban. The study found that cows that were transported and treated gently showed lower levels of stress than those who were treated roughly. Cows tend to exhibit aggressive behavior when they feel threatened. Goats, on the other hand, are quicker to show signs of stress and agitation during transportation and placement, but tend to be less aggressive than cows. The study results indicate that quick and Islamic slaughter techniques, the use of sharp and clean tools, and gentle handling by personnel can reduce animal stress and aggression. A calm and orderly environment also helps alleviate animal anxiety during the slaughtering process. Similarly, the reactions of other animals near the slaughter site show signs of anxiety, affirming that animals can perceive the distress of their peers. These findings emphasize that slaughter practices aligned with Islamic ethics enhance animal welfare through swift slaughter and stress minimization, impacting meat quality, ethical compliance, and consumer satisfaction positively. The novelty or originality of this study lies in its holistic approach, encompassing all stages of sacrificial animal slaughter and focusing on two commonly used species, cows and goats. This research makes a significant contribution by providing practical recommendations to improve the welfare of sacrificial animals, taking into account technical and behavioral aspects specific to each species. The practical implications of these findings include the need for training slaughter personnel to understand procedures in accordance with Islamic principles and animal welfare standards. Slaughterhouses must be equipped with animal-friendly facilities to reduce stress. Additionally, strict supervision should be implemented to ensure compliance, resulting in high-quality meat and supporting the global halal industry's ethical standards.