bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POWER SPECTRAL DENSITY OF DUAL RANDOMIZED DISCONTINUOUS PULSE WIDTH MODULATION
Authors: BOUDOUDA AIMAD
Published: August 2023

This paper addresses the spectral characteristics of a carrier-based dual randomized discontinuous pulse width modulation (DRDPWM) technique for reducing conducted EMI and switching losses in three-phase voltage source inverters. It combines two simple random schemes, random carrier frequency modulation (RCF-DPWM) and random pulse position modulation (RPP-DPWM). First, the modulating principle of the DRDPWM is presented. Then, the analytical expressions of power spectral density (PSD) that characterize the output voltage of the three-phase inverter are derived. Analytical and simulation results show the effectiveness of PSD spreading of the DRDPWM. Finally, experimental results verify the analytical and simulation results and prove the effectiveness of the DRDPWM scheme in spreading the spectrum compared to simple schemes (RPP-DPWM and RCF-DPWM) and conventional scheme DPWM.
REALIZATION OF A THREE-LEVEL NEUTRAL POINT CLAMPED INVERTER USING A NOVEL REGION SELECTION APPROACH OF BUS CLAMPING PWM FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE APPLICATION
Authors: ROY DEBANJAN , SINGH MADHU
Published: August 2023

This article examines a space vector-based bus clamping control approach for an induction motor driven by a three-level inverter for use in electric vehicles. The suggested controller incorporates a new region identification methodology by combining a basic v/f control with a bus clamping mechanism. In terms of power quality, torque ripple, and capacitor voltage balancing, a comparison to the usual SVPWM approach is made. Previously, lesser attention is paid to space vector-based PWM using a region selection methodology. This strategy is centered upon some algebraic equations. The surprising thing about this sector is that it is identical to all the others. As a result, computation complexity is reduced. This technique applies to any number of levels. The suggested controller's effectiveness is evaluated using the MATLAB/Simulink environment. Transient and steady-state analyses are used to evaluate the entire system's performance. Additionally, the neutral point balance of the 3L NPC inverter is achieved using appropriate switching sequences.
ELECTRIC VEHICLE PROPELLED BY DUAL-INDUCTION MOTORS STRUCTURE: EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
Authors: BENOUDJIT DJAMEL , RID SAIDD , NAIT-SAID NASREDDINE , SAIDNAIT-SAID MOHAMED , CHRIFI-ALAOUI LARBI
Published: August 2023

An electric vehicle (EV) is an adaptation of a conventional vehicle with the integration of electrical motors. It is one of the most promising technologies that can significantly improve vehicle performance and polluting emissions. The drive association's many EV configurations and possibilities can be envisaged according to EV performances, weight, and cost. This paper presents the experimental validation of an electric differential speed action resulting from the proposed structure of an electric vehicle using dual-induction motors vector controlled, placed at the rear wheels operating at a different speed. This controls the vehicle speed of the left and right wheels during steering maneuvers. For this purpose, to perform this experimental validation and prove the main functionalities of the proposed structure, a test bench was implemented containing an actual laboratory motor placed in the left rear wheel and a motor simulation model for the right one. The outcomes show that the experimental results confirm the validity and usefulness of the proposed propulsion structure.
Experiencia innovadora en la formación de docentes de educación primaria: Diversidad animal en el medio marino
Authors: Carbajo Alejandra , Ruiz Ana E.
Published: August 2023

Con la finalidad de promover la experimentación de aspectos metodológicos propios de la Biología en la Educación Primaria, se desarrolló en el Centro de Interpretación de la Biodiversidad Regional, AQUAVIDA, el primer taller de capacitación docente con once participantes. El taller versó sobre diversidad animal en el medio marino y los animales presentes en aguas de Bahía Engaño y su zona de influencia, con prácticas in situ. Se abordaron los siguientes temas: noción de diversidad de los seres vivos, caracterización de acordados y cordados marinos con especies patagónicas; y se implementaron experiencias sustentadas en desarrollo conceptual, observación indagatoria, registro zoológico y discusión integradora. Los docentes diseñaron planes de clase donde incorporaron las prácticas en terreno como  estrategia de enseñanza y aprendizaje.
Educación para la conservación: realización de campamentos científicos en una reserva ecológica
Authors: Iribarren Luciano , Josiowicz Ruth , Bonan Leonor
Published: August 2023

En este trabajo presentamos las reflexiones que surgen de implementar una propuesta didáctica basada en la problemática ambiental de la localidad costera de Villa Gesell, Provincia de Buenos Aires. La propuesta fue llevada a cabo en una escuela secundaria local e incluyó una salida de campo realizada en una reserva ecológica localizada en las cercanías de la escuela. A través de ello, los participantes pudieron comprender múltiples problemáticas ambientales de la región, especialmente la erosión costera y la pérdida de biodiversidad producto de la urbanización realizada con escaso criterio ambiental. La interacción entre alumnos, docentes e investigadores ha sido muy favorable para comprender la importancia de conservar la biodiversidad, acercar a los alumnos a la investigación en este campo y pasar del plano teórico a la acción ambiental escolar.
Las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación, entre la Educación para la Salud y el Dengue. Un análisis de sitios/páginas Web y su inclusión en el sistema educativo de la provincia de Córdoba
Authors: Biber Priscila Ariadna
Published: August 2023

La escuela, como institución socioeducativa, no es ajena al período de cambio social actual: el paso de una cultura impresa a una cultura multimediática y digital. La Educación para la Salud utiliza diferentes canales de comunicación para sus campañas masivas, como Internet, televisión, radio, entre otras. Desde una visión holística de la promoción de la salud, se pretende asimismo pensar las problemáticas como la del Dengue en toda su complejidad y multicausalidad. En este trabajo se analizan las posibilidades de integración educativa que pueden presentar los sitios/páginas Web, para trabajar la problemática del Dengue en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje en las escuelas de los diferentes niveles del sistema educativo cordobés. También se pretende guiar nuevos procesos y aumentar la participación de la comunidad en el control integral de esta problemática.
El conocimiento didáctico del contenido sobre las actividades prácticas de laboratorio por indagación de profesores de Biología
Authors: Fernandez Nancy
Published: August 2023

Al diseñar una actividad práctica de Laboratorio es importante definir qué relaciones se pretende que el alumnado llegue a establecer entre los resultados del mismo y los conocimientos teóricos. Independientemente del enfoque o de los contenidos abordados, las actividades prácticas suponen la realización de distintos tipos de actividades relacionadas, que constituyen ayudas fundamentales para promover la construcción de nuevos conocimientos. Resulta fundamental que estudiantes tengan ocasión de participar en la elaboración de diseños experimentales, en vez de seguir guías detalladas ya preparadas por docentes, dado el papel central que juega el diseño en la investigación y, muy en particular, para que adquieran una visión válida de las relaciones ciencia-tecnología- sociedad. También se destaca la importancia de las actividades de laboratorio por su carácter motivacional del aprendizaje. Sin embargo, se cuestiona la motivación y se la diferencian del interés, ya que, si bien ciertas actividades prácticas pueden generar interés dentro de un contenido en particular, hay pocas evidencias que sugieran que las actividades de laboratorio motiven los y las alumnas hacia la Ciencia en general o, hacia el estudio de una Ciencia en particular. El interés situacional hace referencia al que se estimula en un individuo como consecuencia de estar en un ambiente o situación particular, como cuando un alumno o alumna realiza un trabajo práctico dentro de un Laboratorio de Ciencias. A diferencia del interés personal, el situacional es susceptible a la influencia de su docente a corto plazo.

Aunque es menos probable que persista con el tiempo, proporciona una oportunidad para que el profesorado influya positivamente en la eficacia del aprendizaje del estudiantado en contenidos específicos.

En el proceso investigativo, algunas ideas, argumentaciones, conjeturas, discusiones, análisis de datos, fueron volcadas en artículos que se publicaron durante 2017 y 2018 en revistas académicas. Al momento de escribir, los artículos pasaron a conformar capítulos de la Tesis, hilvanando la producción en un continuo que da cuenta de las indagaciones realizadas para la construcción del objeto de estudio.
Revisão da recuperação de sementes crioulas no Brasil: aportes para uma educação sobre o sistema agroalimentar
Authors: Zúñiga Mosquera Óscar Emerson , Pereira Danielle D.
Published: August 2023

Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar os processos de implantação e gestão de tecnologias para a conservação local das sementes crioulas. As sementes crioulas representam uma importante alternativa para agricultores, visto que resultam de um processo longo de adaptação a diferentes condições edafoclimáticas, também são importantes para os consumidores, pois é garantia de biossegurança e segurança alimentar. O uso das sementes crioulas vem sendo fortalecidas pelos movimentos e instituições vinculados à agroecologia, assim como as famílias de agricultores, que ao longo dos tempos vem conservando-as, com diferentes tecnologias. Consideramos que os temas vinculados ao sistema agroalimentar podem ser importantes para o ensino da ciência.
A utilização de jogos como recursos didáticos facilitadores no ensino de Biologia para alunos do ensino médio
Authors: Custódia Mendes Suelen , De Freitas Gomides Antonio Frederico
Published: August 2023

O processo de aprendizagem constitui um grande desafio para os educadores, sendo a aplicação de diferentes metodologias uma forma eficiente de promover o conhecimento científico nos educandos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver um jogo de tabuleiro que facilite a aprendizagem, unindo aspectos lúdicos aos cognitivos na construção do conhecimento. O jogo denominado Biodescubra foi aplicado em sala de aula com alunos do 2º ano do Ensino Médio. Para avaliação dos resultados foi aplicado questionários e realizada avaliação quanti-qualitativa, utilizado o programa estatístico R (uma linguagem de programação) para dados não paramétricos, comparando os dois grupos pelo teste exato de Fisher para a diferença entre proporções da amostra independente. A aplicação do jogo melhorou o desempenho acadêmico dos alunos quando comparado aos alunos que foram submetidos ao método de ensino tradicional. Pode-se concluir que os alunos aprovam o uso do jogo e atribuíram a este a capacidade de auxiliá-los na aprendizagem dos conteúdos. Esses resultados indicam potencial para o jogo se tornar uma ferramenta viável para o ensino de Biologia de forma motivadora e divertida.
La Botánica en estudiantes de Secundaria: una experiencia inclusiva de aprendizaje cooperativo a partir de sus intereses y habilidades sociales
Authors: Mora Granados Ana Yancy , Retana Alvarado Diego Armando , Segura Castillo Mario Alberto
Published: August 2023

En este trabajo se presentan los hallazgos de una experiencia inclusiva de aprendizaje cooperativo, a partir de la identificación de las habilidades sociales, saberes e intereses sobre la Botánica del alumnado de Secundaria de Costa Rica, con miras a la promoción de un aprendizaje situado. Para la recolección de datos, se realizaron observaciones de aula y entrevistas a una muestra conformada por 30 estudiantes de noveno año. Los resultados sugieren que el trabajo cooperativo permite el desarrollo de habilidades sociales que fortalecen la interacción en el clima de aula. La relación entre los conocimientos previos y la cotidianidad propicia mayor interés hacia el estudio de la Botánica. El diálogo entre docente y la población estudiantil fortalece la socialización dentro del aula.
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III Workshop de investigación en Didáctica de las Ciencias Naturales y Experimentales Escuela para investigadores e investigadoras en formación
Authors: Farré Andrea Soledad , Carabelli Patricia , Traiman-Schroh Nayla
Published: August 2023

Se reseñan dos eventos realizados en conjunto durante el año 2020: el III Workshop de investigación en Didáctica de las Ciencias Naturales y Experimentales y la Escuela para investigadoras e investigadores en formación en el área. Ambos se realizaron en modalidad virtual en la Universidad Nacional de Río Negro y constituyeron espacios de diálogo e intercambio entre distintos grupos de investigación que integran el CONGRIDEC, así como también, entre investigadoras e investigadores en formación.
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Implementación de la Educación Sexual Integral en el Ciclo Básico de la Escuela Agrotécnica Eldorado – Misiones
Authors: Borrero Arizaga Carmen Lucía
Published: August 2023

Esta tesis tuvo por finalidad indagar, mediante un estudio exploratorio–descriptivo, cómo se implementa la Ley Nacional de Educación Sexual Integral N° 26.150 (ESI), en el ciclo básico de la Escuela Agrotécnica Eldorado, perteneciente a la Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Se estudió en qué espacios curriculares se aborda la temática, y desde qué perspectiva se desarrolla, para luego cotejar los objetivos que plantea la Ley ESI con las prácticas educativas que ejecutan los y las docentes en la institución. La investigación se complejiza al incluir la indagación sobre la participación y las dificultades que presenta el cuerpo docente al implementar la ESI en sus espacios curriculares. Para la consecución de los objetivos se utilizaron diversas estrategias metodológicas, cualitativas y cuantitativas, combinadas para la obtención de datos, tales como análisis de planificaciones didácticas, encuestas a docentes y entrevistas a directivos, utilizando la triangulación metodológica con el propósito de contrastar y validar los resultados. El análisis de estos da cuenta de la institucionalización y curricularización de la ESI en este ciclo escolar de la escuela estudiada, con la realización de variadas actividades educativas en las que se denotan buenas prácticas pedagógicas de ESI. Se considera que los resultados obtenidos son positivos en relación con la implementación de la ESI y permite, a su vez, orientar algunas propuestas de mejora.
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Ley para la implementación de la Educación Ambiental Integral en la República Argentina
Authors: Ortiz Myriam , Ayuso Bibiana
Published: August 2023

El 14 de mayo del 2021 se aprobó en el Senado de la Nación Argentina la Ley para la implementación de la Educación Ambiental Integral en la República Argentina Nº 27621-LEAI.
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Comparing Several Encrypted Cloud Storage Platforms
Authors: Manthiramoorthy Chinnadurai , Khan K. Mohamed Sayeed , A Noorul Ameen
Published: August 2023

Cloud services and cryptographic cloud storage systems have gained popularity in recent years due to their availability and accessibility. The present systems are nonetheless still ineffectual. They are the best since they demand a lot of trust from the user or the provider. To ensure they are not violating any End-User License Agreement (EULA) clauses, providers typically keep the ability to examine the files that have been saved, and some even keep the ability to share the data. It is simple to create a copy of every piece of data when a provider has access to go through it, which is considered abuse. A typical user would have a very difficult time proving these claims because they have no method of finding any evidence supporting such claims. Due to the growing quantity of Machine Learning (ML) performed on personal user data for either tailoring advertisements or, in more severe cases, manipulating public opinion, this issue has only gotten worse in modern times. Due to the volume of users and files kept, cloud storage services are the ideal location for getting such information, whether personal or not. To retain complete anonymity, the user could take the simple step of adding a local layer of encryption. This will prevent the cloud provider from being able to decrypt the data. The requirement for ongoing key management, which becomes more challenging as the number of keys rises, is another drawback of this. To better understand normal behaviors and pinpoint potential weaknesses, this study aims to explore and assess the security of a few well-known existing cryptographic cloud storage options. Among the vendors investigated are Microsoft Azure, Tresorit, Amazon S3, and Google Cloud. Based on documentation particular to each service, this comparison was done. However, the majority of providers frequently provide only a limited amount of information or don't go into great detail about specific ideas or procedures (for instance, security in Google Cloud), leaving room for interpretation. The authors conclude by outlining a unique approach for encrypted cloud storage that employs Cocks Identity Based Encryption (IBE) and Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)-256 Cipher Block Chaining (CBC) to limit potential abuse by alerting the user anytime a file 1 inspection takes place. Cocks IBE will be utilized as an alternate cryptographic method for access controls, and AES-256 will be used for the Initialization Vector (IV) features' encryption. Additionally, Fiat-Shamir authentication will be zero-knowledge. A system like this might be used by companies who offer services in the actual world because it would boost customer confidence.
Auxiliando a alfabetização com objetos de aprendizagem
Authors:   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Santos Cristiane dos , Vahldick Adilson ,   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Jaeger Eliana Vogel ,   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina
Published: August 2023

Este trabalho faz um relato sobre os problemas da alfabetização e as possibilidades de utilização da informática como forma de amenizar esses problemas. Com base nesses fundamentos, foram desenvolvidos dois objetos de aprendizagem para auxiliar no processo de alfabetização. Um dos objetos utiliza a técnica de reconhecimento e ordenação de letras. O outro objeto aplica a formação de palavras com a ordenação das sílabas. Ambos os objetos são apresentados nesse artigo. Ao final do trabalho são descritas as experiências na aplicação desses objetos em turmas do segundo ano do Ensino Fundamental, em dois semestres distintos.
Paralelização de esqueletização de imagens de fundo de retina na arquitetura CUDA
Authors:   Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Espírito Santo, Komati Karin Satie , Souza Flavio Severiano Lamas de ,   Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Espírito Santo, Guimarães Juliana Amorim ,   Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Espírito Santo, Andrade Jefferson Oliveira ,   Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Espírito Santo
Published: August 2023

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo comparativo do tempo de processamento de um algoritmo de esqueletização de imagens desenvolvido sob duas formas: sequencial e paralela. A aplicação é voltada para imagens de fundo de retina, cuja extração de características dos vasos sanguíneos auxiliará diagnósticos médicos e, portanto, o tempo de resposta do sistema é fundamental. A plataforma de computação paralela escolhida foi o CUDA. Testes realizados em uma base de dados pública de imagens de retina, DRIVE, mostraram que a versão paralela foi, em média, mais de 31 vezes mais rápida do que a versão sem paralelismo.
Usando CORBA para integrar um compilador desenvolvido em Java com ferramentas em outras linguagens de programação
Authors:   Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Noschang Luiz Fernando , Raabe André Luís Alice ,   Universidade do Vale do Itajaí
Published: August 2023

Este artigo apresenta uma solução para integração do núcleo de um compilador construído usando a Linguagem Java com outras linguagens de programação. Foram analisadas diferentes alternativas de integração e optou-se pela utilização de CORBA por melhor atender aos requisitos pretendidos. Todas as funcionalidades do núcleo foram disponibilizadas a outras aplicações usando CORBA. Foi realizado um estudo de caso de integração com uma IDE construída na linguagem C# a qual permitiu validar a implementação e apontou problemas de performance que merecem uma investigação posterior.
Análise de custos industriais: um estudo em uma indústria de máquinas de Ibirama/SC
Authors:   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Eyerkaufer Marino Luiz , Odorizzi Diego ,   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Lunelli Marciano ,   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Silveira Marilia Milena ,   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Jahn Talita ,   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina
Published: August 2023

Com o passar do tempo, a contabilidade está se tornando uma importante aliada para os gestores, suprindo o processo de tomada de decisão com informações. Além, claro, de auxiliar no controle interno e externo dos fatos contábeis. Este trabalho apresenta um levantamento que procura verificar os métodos de custos industriais utilizados na empresa ABC, conhecendo ferramentas e/ou sugerindo novas. A pesquisa foi realizada através de uma visita à empresa, em que foram observados os processos industriais desempenhados por ela. Após, foram feitas análises em geral de todo o processo de produção da indústria e, a partir dos dados obtidos, concluiu-se que a sistemática de estoque de matéria prima apresenta falhas e que pode ser otimizada para não comprometer o desempenho das atividades que afetam o nível de serviço prestado aos clientes. Ainda, pontua-se a necessidade da empresa definir qual realmente será seu foco de produção, seja na divisão de máquinas, na fundição ou mesmo em ambas.
Entidades do terceiro setor suas peculariedades e a utilização da contabilidade
Authors:   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Eyerkaufer Marino Luiz , Garline Fernanda ,   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Scharf Isis ,   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Winter Rafael ,   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Toassi Sthefani Caroline ,   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina
Published: August 2023

O terceiro setor se caracteriza pelo auxílio às áreas carentes onde o governo está distante ou não consegue fornecer suporte adequado. São sociedades de pessoas constituídas através de associações ou fundações. Por seu objetivo social tem aspectos contábeis e fiscais singulares. Diante dessas informações nos indagamos da utilidade da contabilidade nestas organizações. Pelo tempo de atuação da Associação de Bombeiros Voluntários de Presidente Getúlio optou-se por desenvolver o presente estudo nesta entidade, com o principal objetivo de identificar os aspectos gerenciais e contábeis mais relevantes da mesma. Assim, desenvolvemos um estudo descritivo, através das técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica e estudo de caso com análise qualitativa de dados. Por meio das informações fornecidas pela associação e sua contabilidade elaboramos gráficos evidenciando as entradas, saídas e resultados da associação para o período de 2011, março a novembro de 2012, bem como gráfico baseado nas horas voluntárias de 2013 destacando o valor de recursos humanos. Através da análise dos documentos apontou-se deficiências e sugestões de melhoria à entidade, visando a evolução da mesma. Conclui-se que a entidade tem como maior receita e ao mesmo tempo custo, a mão de obra voluntária, fator relevante que dentre outros, poderiam ser destacados em ferramentas contábeis a exemplo do balanço social.
Escritório de projetos: uma abordagem geral
Authors:   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Schwarzrock Janaína , Schoeffel Pablo ,   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina
Published: August 2023

Este artigo apresenta a prática de gerenciamento de projetos denominada de Escritório de Projetos. São abordadas as principais contribuições que esta prática pode oferecer, as atividades desenvolvidas e os tipos existentes de Escritórios de Projetos. São relatados casos de empresas que utilizam esta técnica de Escritório de Projetos, bem como os benefícios alcançados com a mesma.
Pengaruh Perawatan Punggung Terhadap Penurunan Tingkat Rasa Nyeri Punggung Bagian Bawah Pada Ibu Hamil Trimester III di Puskesmas Depok II
Authors: Riansih Chici
Published: August 2023

Latar Belakang : Nyeri punggung pada ibu hamil adalah sakit atau nyeri yang dirasakan ibu pada daerah punggung, yang menimbulkan ketidaknyamanan. Nyeri punggung ini bisa dikurangi dengan latihan punggung. Nyeri punggung bawah merupakan keluhan nyeri kompleks yang paling sering terjadi pada ibu hamil trimester III. Diperkiran sekitar 70% wanita hamil mengeluhkan nyeri pungggung pada dalam kehamilan. Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui hubungan terhadap penurunan tingkar rasa nyeri punggung bagian bawah pada ibu hamil trimester III di Puskesmas Depok II. Metode :Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini seluruh ibu hamil TM III Kelas Prenatal di Puskesmas Depok II berjumlah 35 ibu hamil, Teknik sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah total sampling. Analisis data menggunakan Spearman Rank. Hasil : hasil penentian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar sebelum dilaksanakan senam hamil mengalami nyeri punggung sebanyak 19 (54,3%). Sedangkan pada saat setelah dilaksanakannya perawata punggung sebagian besar ibu menyatakan nyeri punggung sedang 22 (62,9%). Hasil uji spearman rank 0,000 < (0,05).  Kesimpulan : ada pengaruh antara perswtaan punggung terhadap penurunan tingkat rasa nyeri punggung bagian bawah pada ibu hamil trimester III di Puskesmas Depok II.
Feasibility of Breast Cancer Detection Through a Convolutional Neural Network in Mammographs
Authors: Ahmed Faris Maher , MOHAMMED Dr. BADAMASI SANI
Published: August 2023

In the Iraq female samples, the malignant neoplasm type with the highest mortality rate is breast cancer. When the disease is detected early, the success rate is higher, resulting in improved prognosis and, consequently, cure. The present study aims to analyse the viability of a system capable of detecting breast cancer through convolutional neural networks, classifying a mammogram into five classes: non-cancer; benign calcification; malignant calcification; benign mass; and evil mass. Processing was carried out on the database containing 55,890 images, in which the data was converted from records structure to image format, which is necessary when using the neural network. After this stage, the images were classified into the five categories mentioned to enable tests to be carried out to verify the accuracy of the machine learning algorithm in identifying and classifying breast cancer. Using a small partition of 10% of images from the total database to verify the initial results presented in this work, it was possible to obtain 44% of global accuracy, highlighting the ability to expedite the early and rapid detection of breast cancer using artificial intelligence.
Convolutional Neural Networks for breast cancer detection using regions of interest from infrared images
Authors: Jha Prof. Dr. Sudan , Khalf Mamoon Fattah , M. Karthick
Published: August 2023

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in Iraq and worldwide. The incidence in young women has been increasing over the years, and the gold standard test for diagnosis, mammography, is contraindicated for people under 40. Thermography appears in this scenario as a promising technique for early detection and a higher survival rate in this group of women. The analysis of thermographic images by Convolutional Neural Networks has good results in increasing the reliability and sensitivity of diagnoses. This work uses the Densenet201 and Resnet50 networks based on 72 images of different patients, 38 of whom are sick and 38 healthy. These images underwent pre-processing before being analyzed, and in one of the pre-processing steps, there was a manual clipping of only the region of interest of the breasts, intending to evaluate whether detection is superior to the image whole. The best average accuracy rate was obtained with the Densenet201 network, learning rate of 0.001 and 30 epochs, which reached 89%. Regarding the F1-score, the network with the best performance was Resnet50, with a learning rate of 0.0001 and 30 epochs, which reached 76%.
Adolescent and Young Adult (AYA) Oncology, Version 2.2024, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology
Authors: Bhatia Smita , Pappo Alberto S. , Acquazzino Melissa , Allen-Rhoades Wendy A. , Barnett Marie , Borinstein Scott C. , Casey Robert , Choo Sun , Chugh Rashmi , Dinner Shira , Ermoian Ralph , Fair Douglas , Federman Noah , Folbrecht Jeanelle , Gandhi Shipra , Germann Julie , Goldsby Robert , Hayashi Robert , Huang Alex Y. , Huang Mary S. , Jacobs Linda A. , Lee-Miller Cathy , Link Michael P. , Livingston John A. , Lustberg Maryam , Malogolowkin Marcio , Oeffinger Kevin C. , Pratilas Christine A. , Reed Damon , Skiles Jodi , von Mehren Margaret , Yeager Nicholas , Montgomery Sarah , Hang Lisa
Published: August 2023

This selection from the NCCN Guidelines for Adolescent and Young Adult (AYA) Oncology focuses on considerations for the comprehensive care of AYA patients with cancer. Compared with older adults with cancer, AYA patients have unique needs regarding treatment, fertility counseling, psychosocial and behavioral issues, and supportive care services. The complete version of the NCCN Guidelines for Adolescent and Young Adult (AYA) Oncology addresses additional aspects of caring for AYA patients, including risk factors, screening, diagnosis, and survivorship.
Real-World Treatment Patterns in Patients With HER2-Amplified Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Clinical-Genomic Database Study
Authors: Strickler John H. , Hsu Ling-I , Wright Phoebe , Stecher Michael , Siadak Muriel F. , Palanca-Wessels Maria Corinna , Yu Junhua , Zhang Nicole , Espenschied Carin R. , Lang Kathryn , Bekaii-Saab Tanios S.
Published: August 2023

Background: HER2 amplification (HER2+) occurs in approximately 3% of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Despite the recent addition of HER2-directed therapies to treatment recommendations in the NCCN Guidelines, until more recently there were no FDA-approved treatments. This study examined real-world treatment patterns in patients with HER2+ mCRC in the United States before and after the emerging awareness of HER2-directed therapies in 2018. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study of patients with HER2+ mCRC from the GuardantINFORM database, which contains claims data for patients with Guardant360 genomic testing results. Patients were aged ≥18 years, were diagnosed with mCRC between January 2014 and September 2020, and had confirmed ERBB2 amplification via the blood-based Guardant360 test. Treatment patterns and real-world time to next treatment (rwTTNT) were evaluated. Results: This study included 142 patients with a median age of 59 years; 31 (21.8%) patients with ERBB2 amplifications also had ERBB2 mutations. Treatment patterns were heterogeneous and evolved over time; before 2018, the most common regimen prescribed after detection of ERBB2 amplification was anti-VEGF therapy with or without chemotherapy (31.6%; n=25), and after 2018, HER2-directed therapies were the most commonly prescribed (36.5%; n=23). Median rwTTNT among the overall cohort was 8.4 months (95% CI, 6.5–10.0); rwTTNT was numerically longer in patients who received HER2-directed therapy compared with those who received non–HER2-directed therapies (11.0 months [95% CI, 6.3–12.3] vs 7.2 months [95% CI, 5.8–9.6]). Conclusions: This real-world study of the largest clinically annotated dataset of patients with HER2+ mCRC showed that many patients do not receive HER2-directed therapy despite its inclusion in NCCN Guidelines, with heterogeneous treatment patterns suggesting that standard of care remains undefined and targeted therapy remains underutilized. Greater awareness of the unmet need in this patient population, together with new effective therapies, will facilitate strategies for improved, targeted treatment approaches.
Pancreatitis and Hyperlipasemia in the Setting of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy
Authors: Townsend Matthew J. , Liu Mofei , Giobbie-Hurder Anita , Sack Jordan S. , LeBoeuf Nicole R. , Hodi F. Stephen , McNabb-Baltar Julia , Grover Shilpa
Published: August 2023

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitor–induced pancreatic injury (ICI-PI) ranges from asymptomatic hyperlipasemia to symptomatic acute pancreatitis (AP). The proportion of pancreatic injury while receiving ICIs that is attributable to therapy remains unclear. We evaluated the etiology of hyperlipasemia in patients receiving ICIs, and the clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of ICI-PI. Patients and Methods: We assessed 6,450 consecutive adult patients with cancer who received ICI doses between 2011 and 2019, 364 of whom had at least 1 instance of elevated serum lipase after ICI initiation and were included in our trial. Primary outcomes were the development of ICI-PI and ICI–induced acute pancreatitis (ICI-AP). Results: Pancreatic injury was attributable to ICI use in 105 individuals (29% of those with hyperlipasemia; 1.6% overall). Of 27 patients with ICI-AP, 4 (15%) presented asymptomatically with hyperlipasemia and pancreatic inflammation on imaging. In multivariable regression, the presence of other immune-related adverse events was positively associated with ICI-AP (≥2 events: odds ratio, 5.43; 95% CI, 1.47–26.03). Compared with patients with other ICI-PI, those with ICI-AP more frequently required steroids (74% vs 4%), intravenous fluids (85% vs 10%), hospitalization (89% vs 9%), and permanent cessation of ICIs due to pancreatic injury (70% vs 3%), and less frequently continued therapy uninterrupted (0% vs 40%) (P<.01 for all). Of the 105 patients, 3 (3%) developed exocrine insufficiency and 9 (9%) developed endocrine insufficiency, which were concentrated among those with ICI-AP. Conclusions: A minority of occurrences of pancreatitis and hyperlipasemia in patients receiving ICIs are due to these therapies, supporting NCCN recommendations to exclude alternative etiologies. Because a notable proportion of patients with ICI-AP were asymptomatic but warranted treatment per current guidelines, abdominal imaging is diagnostically valuable in those with significant hyperlipasemia. Patients with ICI-AP should be monitored for exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Many with hyperlipasemia who do not meet the criteria for AP can continue therapy uninterrupted.
Pengaruh Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Terhadap Kualitas Laporan Keuangan Melalui Pengendalian Internal (Studi Kasus Kementrian Agama Kota Sungai Penuh)
Authors: Zam Efvy Zamidra
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Terhadap Kualitas Laporan Keuangan Melalui Pengendalian Internal (Studi Kasus Kementrian Agama Kota Sungai Penuh), jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian Kuantitatif  dan teknik pengambilan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan observasi dan penyebaran kuesioner, dimana kuesioner di sebarkan  kepada 20 responden yang merupakan pegawai Kementerian Agama Kota Sungai Penuh. Temuan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Terdapat pengaruh langsung antara Sistim Informasi Akuntansi terhadap Pengendalian internal yaitu, sebesar 0,25. Terdapat pengaruh langsung antara Sistem Informasi Akuntansi terhadap Kualitas Laporan Keuangan yaitu, sebesar 0,11. Terdapat pengaruh langsung antara Pengendalian internal terhadap Kualitas Laporan Keuangan yaitu, sebesar 0,10. Terdapat pengaruh tidak langsung Sistim Informasi Akuntansi terhadap Kualitas Laporan Keuangan melalui Pengendalian internal yaitu, sebesar 0,05.
Behavioral Interventions to Improve Sleep Outcomes in Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Turkowitch David , Donkers Sarah J. , Costa Silvana L. , Vaduvathiriyan Prasanna , Williams Joy , Siengsukon Catherine
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:

Sleep disturbances are common in individuals with multiple sclerosis. The objective of this systematic review was to determine effective behavioral interventions to improve their sleep.

METHODS:

Literature searches were performed in December 2021 in Ovid MEDLINE, Elsevier Embase, and Web of Science, along with hand searching for grey literature and cited references. Four reviewers independently reviewed titles and abstracts (2 reviewers for each article; n = 830) and the full-text articles (n = 81). Consensus for inclusion was achieved by a fifth reviewer. Thirty-seven articles were eligible for inclusion. Four reviewers extracted relevant data from each study (2 reviewers for each article) using a standard data extraction table. Consensus was achieved for completeness and accuracy of the data extraction table by a fifth reviewer. The same 4 reviewers conducted a quality appraisal of each article to assess the risk of bias and quality of the articles, and consensus was achieved by a fifth reviewer as needed. Descriptive data were used for types of interventions, sleep outcomes, results, and key components across interventions.

RESULTS:

Overall, the cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia, cognitive behavioral therapy/psychotherapy, and education/self-management support interventions reported positive improvements in sleep outcomes. Quality appraisal scores ranged from low to high, indicating potential for bias.

CONCLUSIONS:

Variability in the intervention type, intervention dose, outcomes used, training/expertise of interventionist, specific sample, and study quality made it difficult to compare and synthesize results. Further research is necessary to demonstrate the efficacy of most of the interventions.
BOUNTI: Brain vOlumetry and aUtomated parcellatioN for 3D feTal MRI
Authors: Uus Alena U. , Kyriakopoulou Vanessa , Makropoulos Antonios , Fukami-Gartner Abi , Cromb Daniel , Davidson Alice , Cordero-Grande Lucilio , Price Anthony N. , Grigorescu Irina , Williams Logan Z. J. , Robinson Emma C. , Lloyd David , Pushparajah Kuberan , Story Lisa , Hutter Jana , Counsell Serena J. , Edwards A. David , Rutherford Mary A. , Hajnal Joseph V. , Deprez Maria
Published: August 2023

Fetal MRI is widely used for quantitative brain volumetry studies. However, currently, there is a lack of universally accepted protocols for fetal brain parcellation and segmentation. Published clinical studies tend to use different segmentation approaches that also reportedly require significant amounts of time-consuming manual refinement. In this work, we propose to address this challenge by developing a new robust deep learning-based fetal brain segmentation pipeline for 3D T2w motion corrected brain images. At first, we defined a new refined brain tissue parcellation protocol with 19 regions-of-interest using the new fetal brain MRI atlas from the Developing Human Connectome Project. This protocol design was based on evidence from histological brain atlases, clear visibility of the structures in individual subject 3D T2w images and the clinical relevance to quantitative studies. It was then used as a basis for developing an automated deep learning brain tissue parcellation pipeline trained on 360 fetal MRI datasets with different acquisition parameters using semi-supervised approach with manually refined labels propagated from the atlas. The pipeline demonstrated robust performance for different acquisition protocols and GA ranges. Analysis of tissue volumetry for 390 normal participants (21-38 weeks gestational age range), scanned with three different acquisition protocols, did not reveal significant differences for major structures in the growth charts. Only minor errors were present in < 15% of cases thus significantly reducing the need for manual refinement. In addition, quantitative comparison between 65 fetuses with ventriculomegaly and 60 normal control cases were in agreement with the findings reported in our earlier work based on manual segmentations. These preliminary results support the feasibility of the proposed atlas-based deep learning approach for large-scale volumetric analysis. The created fetal brain volumetry centiles and a docker with the proposed pipeline are publicly available online at https://hub.docker.com/r/fetalsvrtk/segmentation (tag brain bounti tissue).
Memory-specific encoding activities of the ventral tegmental area dopamine and GABA neurons
Authors: Glykos Vasileios , Fujisawa Shigeyoshi
Published: August 2023

Although the midbrain dopamine (DA) system plays a crucial role in higher cognitive functions, including updating and maintaining short-term memory, the encoding properties of the somatic spiking activity of ventral tegmental area (VTA) DA neurons for short-term memory computations have not yet been identified. Here, we probed and analyzed the activity of optogenetically identified DA and GABA neurons while mice engaged in short-term memory-dependent behavior in a T-maze task. Single-neuron analysis revealed that significant subpopulations of DA and GABA neurons responded differently between left and right trials in the memory delay. With a series of control behavioral tasks and regression analysis tools, we show that firing rate differences are linked to short-term memory-dependent decisions and cannot be explained by reward-related processes, motivated behavior, or motor-related activities. This evidence provides novel insights into the mnemonic encoding activities of midbrain DA and GABA neurons.
Predicting energy use in construction using Extreme Gradient Boosting
Authors: Han Jiaming , Shu Kunxin , Wang Zhenyu
Published: August 2023

Annual increases in global energy consumption are an unavoidable consequence of a growing global economy and population. Among different sectors, the construction industry consumes an average of 20.1% of the world’s total energy. Therefore, exploring methods for estimating the amount of energy used is critical. There are several approaches that have been developed to address this issue. The proposed methods are expected to contribute to energy savings as well as reduce the risks of global warming. There are diverse types of computational approaches to predicting energy use. These existing approaches belong to the statistics-based, engineering-based, and machine learning-based categories. Machine learning-based frameworks showed better performance compared to these other approaches. In our study, we proposed using Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), a tree-based ensemble learning algorithm, to tackle the issue. We used a dataset containing energy consumption hourly recorded in an office building in Shanghai, China, from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2016. The experimental results demonstrated that the XGB model developed using both historical and date features worked better than those developed using only one type of feature. The best-performing model achieved RMSE and MAPE values of 109.00 and 0.24, respectively.
Comparing autoregulatory progressive resistance exercise and velocity-based resistance training on jump performance in college badminton athletes
Authors: Huang Zijing , Ji Hongshen , Chen Lunxin , Zhang Mingyang , He Jiaxin , Zhang Wenfeng , Chen Xin , Sun Jian , Song Junyi , Li Duanying
Published: August 2023

Objectives

Jumping ability has been identified as a key factor that influences the performance of badminton athletes. Autoregulatory progressive resistance exercise (APRE) and velocity-based resistance training (VBRT) are commonly used approaches to enhance muscle strength and have been shown to accurately monitor the development of explosive power to improve jumping ability. This study aims to investigate the effects of APRE and VBRT on badminton athletes’ jumping ability and to provide practical insights into improving their jumping performance during competitions.

Methods

Upon completing familiarization and pretesting, 18 badminton athletes were included and completed the training intervention (age, 21.4 ± 1.4 years; stature, 170.1 ± 7.3 cm; body mass, 65.9 ± 12 kg); they were randomly divided into the APRE group (n = 9) and VBRT group (n = 9). Jumping performance was assessed during the countermovement jump (CMJ), squat jump (SJ), and drop jump (DJ) via SmartJump, with CMJ ’s and SJ’s jump height, eccentric utilization ratio (EUR), and reactive strength index (RSI). All participants then completed a 4-week in-season resistance training intervention.

Results

(1) The results of the within-group indicated that only the CMJ (pre: 41.56 ± 7.84 vs post: 43.57 ± 7.85, p < 0.05) of the APRE group had significant differences, whereas the SJ, EUR, and RSI were not significantly different (p > 0.05). (2) The results of the intergroups revealed that all indicators had no significant differences (p > 0.05), but APRE had a moderate effect size on the improvement of the CMJ (η2 = 0.244) and EUR (η2 = 0.068) when compared with VBRT.

Conclusions

The results showed that, compared to VBRT, APRE can effectively improve the performance of the reactive athletes’ lower limb explosive power in the CMJ in a shorter period of time. The findings indicate that APRE may be useful for coaches seeking to improve the CMJ performance of athletes in the short term.
Evaluating the Prevalence of Malaria Parasite Infection among Adults in Wetlands Using Nested PCR and High Resolution Melting Analysis
Authors: Ogbole Faith Ajiebabhio , Igwe Chidi Uzoma , Onuoha Henrietta Chinyere , Nzebude Chiamaka Perpetua
Published: August 2023

Background: Wetlands serve as breeding grounds for mosquitoes, the vector of malaria Plasmodium. Effective detection of Plasmodium infection requires a very sensitive                        method.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of malaria parasite infection in Sagbama LGA, Bayelsa State using nested PCR and high resolution melting analysis (HRMA) technique in comparison with microscopy.

Methods: A community based cross sectional study design was employed to randomly select 206 study participants. DNA was extracted from 200 ⴗl of whole blood of each participant and a set of primers was used to target and amplify the 18S rRNA gene of Plasmodium falciparum in both molecular methods.

Result: The prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum infection by microscopy was 33.01% (5.8% asymptomatic, 17% mild and 10.2% severe malaria).The prevalence of malaria parasite infection by nested genomic PCR was 71.36% (asymptomatic, 42.20% mild, 18.93%and severe malaria, 10.19%). Prevalence of malaria parasite infection by high resolution melting analysis 92.71% (asymptomatic, 63.59%, mild, 18.93% and severe, 10.19%). All the study participants that were positive for microscopy and nested genomic PCR were also positive for high resolution melting analysis. There were 59.71% and 21.36% false negatives by microscopy and nested PCR respectively. McNemar`s test for pair-wise performance comparisons among the different methods was statistically significant (p < 0.001). High parasite density (19927 ± 749 parasites/µl blood) and hyper parasite density (103667 ± 5214 parasites/ⴗl of blood) were found among asymptomatic and severe malaria subjects (P < 0.000).

Conclusion: In conclusion, a high malaria parasite infection prevalence of 92.72% was found in Sagbama LGA. This requires urgent attention especially asymptomatic malaria. HRMA was the most sensitive molecular method and is therefore recommended for future molecular detection of malaria infection.