bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
economia política da solidariedade
Authors: Pinho de Bem Nilton , Filippi Eduardo Ernesto
Published: September 2023

A Ciência Econômica, embora tenha como seu objeto de análise fenômenos do mundo material, onde ocorrem determinadas práticas de produção e de distribuição de valores, também envolve fenômenos do mundo do pensamento, ou seja, é ideologicamente condicionada. Ademais, dado que trata de um elemento vital da vida em sociedade, o qual é o da produção e distribuição dos meios de vida e da riqueza em geral, a economia é política, pois a produção e a distribuição sustentam-se em relações de poder entre as classes envolvidas. Nesse escopo, a economia solidária se propõe a ser uma alternativa às relações capitalistas de produção, distribuição do produto social, com suas raízes em abordagens críticas à visão hegemônica na Ciência Econômica, que compreende o modo capitalista de produção como natural e capaz de universalizar um estado de bem viver.
HEMOGRAM OF INDIVIDUALS WITH POSITIVE COVID-19 TEST AND C-REACTIVEPROTEIN VALUES
Authors: A§ÇI Ferruh , KURT Veli , UNAL Arzu
Published: September 2023

In this study, Hemogram and C-reactive Protein measurement values of
individuals who applied to Afyonkarahisar State Hospital with suspicion
of Covid-19 disease and whose Covid-19 test result was positive (+) were
analyzed. The material of this study consisted of Hemogram and
C-reactive Protein parameter measurement values of patients with
positive (+) Covid-19 test results (n=357) and healthy individuals with
negative (-) Covid-19 test results (n=50). IBM SPSS 20.0 package program
was used for statistical analysis of the data obtained. As a result of
the holistic evaluation of the analysis results of the study and
statistical comparison of the study groups and all age ranges, it was
observed that the CRP measurement value of the patient study group
increased significantly compared to the control group. In terms of
hemogram measurement values, NEU, NEU% measurements of the patient
study group increased, PLT, LYM, EOS, LYM% measurements decreased and
statistical difference significance was determined (p<0.05).
In this study, the changes in the biochemical and hematologic blood
parameter values of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the causative agent of
Covid-19 disease, were examined. It is thought that the data obtained as
a result of the study will contribute to researchers working in this
field.
Clinical Predictors and Trends of Pacer Insertion, Complications, and Mortality Over the Recent Years Using a Large Database
Authors: Movahed Mohammad Reza , Sodhi Nandini , Hashemzadeh Mehrtash
Published: September 2023

Background: Pacemakers are an essential tool in managing
bradyarrhythmias. Using the large Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS)
database, we evaluated complications, trends and mortality rates of
pacemakers over 2016 2020. Methods: We utilized International
Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification
(ICD-10-CM) coding for our study. We evaluated clinical predictors,
complications and mortality of pacemakers using the NIS database.
Results: Significant independent Clinical predicators for pacer
insertion are: NSTEMI: OR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.80–1.91; p<0.001,
hypertension: OR, 4.26; 95% CI, 4.19–4.34; p<0.001,
hyperlipidemia: OR, 3.01; 95% CI, 2.97–3.05; p<0.001, atrial
fibrillation/flutter: OR, 4.68 95% CI, 4.62–4.74; p<0.001,
diabetes: OR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.47–1.51; p<0.001, chronic
kidney disease: OR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.97–2.02; p<0.001,
smoking: OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.31–1.43; p<0.001, COPD: OR,
1.11; 95% CI, 1.09–1.13; p<0.001, valvular heart disease:
OR, 5.31; 95% CI, 5.21–5.41; p<0.001, systolic heart
failure: OR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.94–2.02; p<0.001, prior PCI:
OR, 2.30; 95% CI, 2.26–2.34; p<0.001, obesity 1.19; 95% CI,
1.17–1.22; p<0.001), history of CABG{:OR, 2.48; 95% CI,
2.43–2.52; p<0.001, STEMI: OR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.79–1.93;
p<0.001, history of cardiomyopathy: OR, 1.90; 95% CI,
1.78–2.03; p<0.001, and endocarditis: OR, 1.77; 95% CI,
1.53–2.04; p<0.001. Pacemaker complication rates is around
2% Mortality around 1.44% Conclusion: We found many
predictors for the need of pacemaker insertion. Mortality and
complications have remained low over recent years.
Pharmacogenetic variability of tuberculosis biomarkers in native and mestizo Peruvian populations
Authors: Jaramillo-Valverde Luis , Levano Kelly S. , Tarazona David D. , Capristano Silvia , Sanchez Cesar , Poterico Julio A. , Tarazona-Santos Eduardo , Guio Heinner
Published: September 2023

In Peru, 29,292 people were diagnosed with tuberculosis in 2022.
Although tuberculosis treatments are effective, 3.4-13% are associated
with significant adverse drug reactions, with drug-induced liver injury
(DILI) considered the most predominant. Among the first-line
antituberculosis drugs, isoniazid (INH) is the main drug responsible for
the appearance of DILI. In liver, INH is metabolized by
N-acetyltransferase-2 ( NAT2) and cytochrome P450 2E1 (
CYP2E1). Limited information exists on genetic risk factors
associated with the presence of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) to
anti-tuberculosis drugs in Latin America, and even less is known about
these factors in the native and mestizo Peruvian population. The aim of
this study was to determine the prevalence of NAT2 and
CYP2E1 genotypes in native and mestizo population. An analytical
cross-sectional analysis was performed using genetic data from mestizo
population in Lima and native participants in south of Peru from the
EPIGEN - Brazil project. NAT2 acetylator genotype was determined
as fast, intermediate and slow, and CYP2E1 genotypes were
classified as c1/c1, c1/c2 and c2/c2, from molecular tests and
bioinformatic analyses. Of the 472 participants, 36 haplotypes were
identified in the mestizo population and 6 haplotypes in native
population paired with NAT2. In mestizo population, the most
frequent NAT2*5B and NAT2*7B haplotypes were associated
with DILI risk; while in natives, NAT2*5G and NAT2*13A
haplotypes were the most frequent and associated with decreased risk of
DILI. For CYP2E1, c1/c1 and c1/c2 genotypes are the most frequent
in native and mestizo populations, respectively. The linkage
disequilibrium of NAT2 and CYP2E1 SNPs was estimated using the
solid spine method, detecting a block between all SNPs native
population. In addition, a block between rs1801280 and rs1799929 for
NAT2 was detected in the mestizo population. Despite the
limitations of a secondary study, it was possible to report associations
between NAT2 and CYP2E alleles with Peruvian native and
mestizo population by prevalence ratios. The results of this study will
help the development of new therapeutic strategies for a Tuberculosis
efficient control between populations.
Improved Secure PCA and LDA algorithms for Intelligent Computing in IoT-to-cloud Setting
Authors: Jiasen Liu , An Wang Xu , Guofeng Li , Dan Yu , Jindan Zhang
Published: September 2023

The rapid development of new technologies such as artificial
intelligence and big data analysis requires the simultaneous development
of cloud computing technology. The application of IoT-to-cloud setting
has been fully applied in various industry sectors, such as Sensor-Cloud
System which is composed of wireless sensor network and cloud computing
technology. With the increasing amount and types of collected data,
companies need to reduce the dimension of massive data in cloud servers
for obtaining data analysis reports rapidly. Due to frequent cloud
server data leaks, companies must adequately protect the privacy of some
confidential data. To this end, we designed a dimension reduction method
for ciphertext data in the Sensor-Cloud System based on the CKKS
encryption scheme, PCA and LDA dimension reduction algorithm. As data
cannot be directly calculated using traditional PCA and LDA algorithm
after encryption, we add some interactive operations and iterative
calculations to replace some steps in traditional algorithms. Finally,
we select the classification dataset IRIS which is commonly used in
machine learning, and screen out the best encryption and calculation
parameters, and efficiently realize the dimension reduction method of
ciphertext data through a large number of experiments.
Probabilistic load flow calculation and analysis of power system including wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation under typical operation mode
Authors: Huang Jingwen , Du Zhiye , Chen Yiping , He Jingxuan , Cai Hongwei , Fang Biwu
Published: September 2023

The random fluctuations in the output of new energy increase the risk of
power system operation. This paper proposes a power system probabilistic
power flow calculation method based on LHS-CGC method, which solves the
problem that the probability density function is negative when fitting
data with A-type Gram Charlie Series expansion. Taking the calculation
results of the Monte Carlo method as a reference, the accuracy and
effectiveness of the proposed method were verified in an improved IEEE30
testing system, with higher computational speed. Then, the probability
density distribution of each state variable and output variable of the
system in three typical operation modes is checked according to the
actual power grid model. This article analyzes the probabilistic load
flow calculation results of the system under different operating modes
and believes that the seasonal output changes of new energy have a more
significant impact on the load flow of the new power system, and the
risk of branch load flow exceeding the limit increases. Similarly, the
node voltage distribution range under the new energy generation mode is
larger, reaching 0.92 to 1.03 p.u.. This provides a reference for
practical power optimization scheduling problems in engineering.
PD characteristics and deterioration mechanism of oil-impregnated pressboard with bubble defect
Authors: Yang Chaojie , Zhao Tao , LIU Yunpeng , Jiajun Yang , Jiaxue Xu , Yingcong Xu
Published: September 2023

The bubbles are typical defects of oil-paper insulation systems, and
partial discharge (PD) initiated by them can significantly degrade the
insulating performance of oil-paper insulation, which is a great threat
to the insulation state of power transformers. However, the evolution
process of bubble PD is less studied, and the deterioration relationship
between bubble PD and pressboard insulation is still unclear. In this
paper, the evolution characteristics of PD and breakdown of
oil-impregnated pressboard under bubble defects are studied. The results
show that bubble PD inception voltage (PDIV) and breakdown voltage (BV)
are not only related to bubble size, but also affected by oil
temperature. As the oil temperature increases, the bubble PDIV and BV
tend to decrease and then increase. Continuous observations of the
bubble radius and gas composition under the effect of PD show that the
evolution of the bubble PD is attributed to the change in the gas
composition inside the bubble. Then, the bubble deformation
characteristics under the influence of electric field were analyzed, and
it was found that the bubbles were stretched along the direction of
electric field and deformed pulsatingly at a frequency of 100 Hz.
Finally, the microscopic morphology, elemental content and distribution
of oil-impregnated pressboard under different damage states were
analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray energy
spectrometry (EDS), and the microscopic mechanisms of bubble deformation
and insulation failure were discussed. This work contributes to the
understanding of the mechanism of pressboard insulation failure due to
bubble defects and provides a reference for risk assessment of power
transformers.
Analysis of The USA Shootings in 2021
Authors: Olayinka Adesola Afolayan , OLAYINKA JANET OYERONKE , Abubakar Annah
Published: September 2023

Mass Shootings are, for the most part, an American phenomenon,
more Americans died of gun-related injuries in 2021 than in any other
year on record, according to the latest available statistics from the
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This analysis seeks to
know the extent of racial involvement among victims and the perpetrators
of the shooting. The data was Extracted Transformed and Loaded for
analysis from data.gov and using Microsoft Power Business Intelligence.
Black has the highest perpetrator and victims and White has the least
perpetrator and victim. The age group of perpetrators with the highest
occurrence is 25-44. Socio-cultural, self-awareness, political,
commercial, technological and economic influence are suggested as some
of the influencing factors.
Molecular Biology Changes in Inflammatory Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review
Authors: Beiranvand mania , Akbari Atieh , Rouzbahani Arian Karimi , Behzadifar Masoud , Akbari Mohamad Esmaeil
Published: September 2023

Background and aims: This study aimed to identify studies that provide
comprehensive information on the biological-molecular changes of
inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) from January 1, 2000, to the end of
November 2021. Methods: Two researchers independently searched
electronic databases using keywords and Boolean operators. Inclusion
criteria included studies published in English, peer-reviewed, and with
appropriate information on IBC’s biological-molecular changes. Exclusion
criteria were studies not in English, those without sufficient
information on molecular and biological processes related to cancer, or
those including other cancers. Results: From an initial selection of
1639 studies, 11 were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion
criteria. The results highlight the importance of rigorous search
strategies in identifying relevant studies in the field of cancer
research. Conclusions: Understanding the unique traits of inflammatory
breast cancer is crucial in determining its aggressive nature.
Differential diagnosis of IBC from other types of breast cancer is
necessary as genetic and molecular alterations in IBC are also present
in non-IBC breast cancer, despite potential differences in treatment.
Infodemic Exposure and People’s Reliance on COVID-19 Information Sources: Cross-sectional study in ten countries
Authors: Mayo-Cubero Marcos
Published: September 2023

This paper explores the relationship between the reliance on different
information sources and infodemic exposure in the early phases of the
pandemic. The aim is to identify the sources that create less infodemic.
We analyze high-quality secondary data from two studies using a
10-country sample: the US, UK, Canada, Brazil, France, Germany, Italy,
Japan, South Africa, and South Korea. Study 1 analyzes infodemic
exposure through an analysis of 3,723,920 COVID-19 tweets. Likewise,
study 2 analyzes reliance on COVID-19 information sources by surveying
10,000 respondents. This research provides perspectives and implications
for the infodemic debunking to the government departments, public health
organizations, and media industries by analyzing the correlations
between these two studies. We found that people who rely on national
government information sources about COVID-19 tend to be less exposed to
the infodemic. Findings also suggest a correlation between the countries
with higher COVID-19 confirmed cases and people’s reliance on the
national government information sources. We found that people from
countries with more unverified bots tweeting about COVID-19 tend to rely
less on family and friends and social media as sources. Evidence also
suggests that the most trusted spokespeople are scientists and health
professionals rather than politicians. Finally, we observed 70% of the
sample´s countries slightly reduced their risk of exposure to the
infodemic within 12 months of the pandemic’s start.
Eddy-Mediated Mixing of Oxygen in the Equatorial Pacific
Authors: Eddebbar Yassir A. , Whitt Daniel Bridger , Verdy Ariane , Mazloff Matthew R. , Subramanian Aneesh , Long Matthew C.
Published: September 2023

In the tropical Pacific, weak ventilation and intense microbial
respiration at depth give rise to a low dissolved oxygen (O2)
environment that is thought to be ventilated primarily by the equatorial
current system (ECS). The role of mesoscale eddies and diapycnal mixing
as potential pathways of O2 supply in this region, however, remains
poorly known due to sparse observations and coarse model resolution.
Using an eddy resolving simulation of ocean circulation and
biogeochemistry, we assess the contribution of these processes to the O2
budget balance and find that turbulent mixing of O2 and its modulation
by mesoscale eddies contribute substantially to the replenishment of O2
in the upper equatorial Pacific thermocline, complementing the advective
supply of O2 by the ECS and meridional circulation at depth. These
transport processes are strongly sensitive to seasonal forcing by the
wind, with elevated mixing of O2 into the upper thermocline during
summer and fall when the vertical shear of the lateral flow and eddy
kinetic energy are intensified. The tight link between eddy activity and
the downward mixing of O2 arises from the modulation of equatorial
turbulence by Tropical Instability Waves via their eddy impacts on the
vertical shear. This interaction of ocean processes across scales
sustains a local pathway of O2 delivery into the equatorial Pacific
interior and highlights the need for adequate observations and model
representation of turbulent mixing and mesoscale processes for
understanding and predicting the fate of the tropical Pacific O2 content
in a warmer and more stratified ocean.
Response of atmospheric pCO2 to a strong AMOC weakening under climate change
Authors: Boot Amber Adore , Heydt Anna S. von der , Dijkstra Henk A.
Published: September 2023

The Earth System is warming due to anthropogenic greenhouse gas
emissions which increases the risk of passing a tipping point in the
Earth System, such as a collapse of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning
Circulation (AMOC). An AMOC weakening can have large climate impacts
which influences the marine and terrestrial carbon cycle and hence
atmospheric pCO2. However, the sign and mechanism of this response are
subject to uncertainty. Here, we use a state-of-the-art Earth System
Model, the Community Earth System Model v2 (CESM2), to study the
atmospheric pCO2 response to an AMOC weakening under low (SSP1-2.6) and
high (SSP5-8.5) emission scenarios. A freshwater flux anomaly in the
North Atlantic strongly weakens the AMOC, and we simulate a weak
positive pCO2 response of 0.45 and 1.3 ppm increase per AMOC decrease in
Sv for SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5, respectively. For SSP1-2.6 this response
is driven by both the oceanic and terrestrial carbon cycles, whereas in
SSP5-8.5 it is solely the ocean that drives the response. However, the
spatial patterns of both the climate and carbon cycle response are
similar in both emission scenarios over the course of the simulation
period (2015-2100), showing that the response pattern is not dependent
on cumulative CO2 emissions up to 2100. Though the global atmospheric
pCO2 response might be small, locally large changes in both the carbon
cycle and the climate system occur due to the AMOC weakening, which can
have large detrimental effects on ecosystems and society.
Development of improved Google Earth Engine (GEE) Glacier velocity estimation algorithms for long-term & large-scale monitoring of glacier velocities
Authors: Farhan Suhaib Bin , Ali Ahmed , Zhang Yinsheng , Farhan Haris , Guo Yanhong , Aziz Adnan , Nasir Jawad , Zamir Umair Bin , Yaohui Qiang
Published: September 2023

Feature tracking is an efficient method for estimating glacier velocity
by identifying the surface displacement between image pairs through
maximum normalized cross-correlation (NCC). However, this method may
misidentify displacement when noise is present in one or both images or
when natural causes change glacier morphology. To improve accuracy, we
developed the Google Earth Engine Glacier Velocity (GEEG-Vel) estimation
method, which utilizes image enhancement and multi-image pair NCC
maximization. GEEG-Vel results are further filtered using PyFilter, a
Python routine that improves the glacier velocity estimation by
utilizing velocity pairs obtained from GEEG-Vel. The combination of
GEEG-Vel and PyFilter provides an efficient and accurate approach for
glacier velocity estimation across various types of datasets, including
optical and SAR data. We compared the results with the ITS_LIVE glacier
velocity for the same period (2013-2018), and the mean velocity
difference for each year was less than 10 m/year. Our study demonstrates
that the combination of GEEG-Vel and PyFilter provides a reliable and
accurate approach for glacier velocity estimation, which can be useful
for monitoring the dynamics of glaciers and their response to climate
change.
Sensitivity of Physical Schemes in WRF Simulations on the Track and Intensity of Landfall Tropical Cyclones Along the East Coast of China
Authors: Fan Yuemin , Yu Zhenshou
Published: September 2023

In order to study sensitivity of physical parameterization schemes
(PPSs) in the WRF model on the simulation of landfall tropical cyclones
(TCs), we design 43 sensitivity experiments based on three types of
PPSs, and select three disastrous TCs that landed on the east coast of
China, namely Lekima (2019), Hagupit (2020) and In-Fa (2021).
Qualitative analysis and quantitative evaluation are carried out from
the aspects of model simulated TC track and intensity, as well as the
landfall position, time and intensity. The 72h-average track errors of
all sensitivity experiments are 105 km, 85 km and 38 km, by three TCs
respectively. The temporal variations of simulated TC intensity in all
sensitivity experiments are highly consistent with the observations, but
the simulated TC intensities are inevitably weaker than the
observations. The results of three groups of experiments show that the
track and intensity of landfall TCs are most sensitive to cloud
microphysical parameterization scheme (CMPS), but insensitive to
planetary boundary layer parameterization scheme (PBLPS). All the
simulated landfall positions are more southward than the observations,
and the intensities at landfall moment are underestimated compared with
the observations. The TC landfall position is the most sensitive to
cumulus convection parameterization scheme (CCPS), followed by PBLPS and
CMPS. However, the situation for the TC landfall intensity is the
opposite. Finally, some optimal PPSs for simulating TC track, intensity
and landfall position are given, so as to provide some references for
the simulation of landfall TCs in regional prediction systems.
How does colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) influence the distribution and intensity of hypoxia in coastal oceans?
Authors: Jin Rui , Gnanadesikan Anand , Pradal Marie-Aude Sabine , St-Laurent Pierre
Published: September 2023

Excessive nutrient loading is a well-established driver of hypoxia in
aquatic ecosystems. However, recent limnological research has
illuminated the role of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM) in
exacerbating hypoxic conditions, particularly in freshwater lakes. In
coastal ocean environments, the influence of CDOM on hypoxia remains an
underexplored area of investigation. This study seeks to elucidate the
intricate relationship between CDOM and hypoxia by employing a
nitrogen-based model within the context of Chesapeake Bay, a large
estuary with unique characteristics including salinity stratification
and the localization of hypoxia/anoxia in a 30-meter-deep channel
aligned with the estuary’s primary stem. Our findings indicate that the
impact of CDOM on nutrient dynamics and productivity varies
significantly across different regions of Chesapeake Bay. In the upper
Bay, the removal of CDOM reduces light limitation, thus promoting
increased productivity, resulting in the generation of more detritus and
burial, which, in turn, contributes to elevated levels of hypoxia. As we
transition to the middle and lower Bay, the removal of CDOM can cause a
decline in integrated primary productivity due to nutrient uptake in the
upper Bay. This decrease in productivity is associated with reduced
burial and denitrification, ultimately leading to a decrease in hypoxia
levels. Streamflow modulates this impact. The time integral of the
hypoxic volume during low-flow years is particularly sensitive to CDOM
removal, while in high-flow years, it is relatively unchanged. This
research underscores the necessity for a comprehensive understanding of
the intricate interactions between CDOM and hypoxia in coastal
ecosystems.
Deformation, strength and tectonic evolution of basal ice in Taylor Glacier, Antarctica
Authors: Fitzsimons Sean , Samyn Denis , Lorrain Regi
Published: September 2023

Observation and measurements of ice structure and deformation made in
tunnels excavated into the margin of Taylor Glacier reveal a complex,
rapidly deforming basal ice sequence. Displacement measurements in the
basal ice, which is at a temperature of -18°C, together with the
occurrence of cavities and slickenslides, suggests that sliding occurs
at structural discontinuities within the basal zone although we cannot
rule out the possibility of rapid deformation in thin zones of high
shear. Strain measurements show that the highest strain rates occur in
ice with average debris concentrations of 26% followed by ice with
debris concentrations of around 12%. The lowest strain rates occur in
clean ice that has very low debris concentrations (<0.02%).
Deformation within the basal ice sequence is dominated by simple shear
but disrupted by folding which results in shortening of the
debris-bearing ice followed by attenuation of the folds due to
progressive simple shear which generates predominantly laminar basal ice
structures. About 60% of glacier surface velocity can be attributed to
deformation within the 4.5 m thick sequence of basal ice that was
monitored for this study, and 15% of motion can be attributed to
sliding. The combination of high debris concentrations and high strain
rates in the debris-bearing ice means that material transported in the
basal ice is exposed to a high rates of abrasion which produces heavily
striated and facetted clasts typical of temperate glaciers even though
the basal ice is at a temperature of -18°C.
Device Performance of Emerging Photovoltaic Materials (Version 4)
Authors: Almora Osbel , Cabrera Carlos I , Erten-Ela Sule , Forberich Karen , Fukuda Kenjiro , Guo Fei , Hauch Jens , Ho-Baillie Anita W. Y. , Jacobson T. Jesper , Janssen Rene A. J. , Kirchartz Thomas , Loi Maria A. , Mathew Xavier , Mitzi David B. , Nazeeruddin Mohammad Khaja , Paetzold Ulrich W. , Rand Barry P. , Rau Uwe , Someya Takao , Vaillant-Roca Lídice , Brabec Christoph J.
Published: September 2023

Following the 3 release of the “Emerging PV
reports” , the best achievements in the performance of emerging
photovoltaic (e-PV) devices in diverse e-PV research subjects are
summarized, as reported in peer-reviewed articles in academic journals
since August 2022. Updated graphs, tables and analyses are provided with
several performance parameters, such as power conversion efficiency,
open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current density, fill factor, light
utilization efficiency, and stability test energy yield. These
parameters are presented as a function of the photovoltaic bandgap
energy and the average visible transmittance for each technology and
application, and are put into perspective using, for example, the
detailed balance efficiency limit. The 4 installment
of the “Emerging PV reports” discusses the “PV emergence”
classification with respect to the “PV technology generations” and
“PV research waves” and highlights the latest device performance
progress in multijunction and flexible photovoltaics. Additionally,
Dale-Scarpulla’s plots of efficiency-effort in terms of cumulative
academic publication count are also introduced.
Seasonal wind stress direction influences source and properties of inflow to the Salish Sea and Columbia River estuary
Authors: Brasseale Elizabeth , MacCready Parker
Published: September 2023

Estuaries in the northern California current system (NCCS) experience
seasonally reversing wind stress, which is expected to impact the origin
and properties of shelf water which enters NCCS estuaries (’shelf
inflow’). Wind stress has been shown to affect the source of shelf
inflow by driving alongshelf currents. However, the effects of
wind-driven Ekman dynamics and shelf currents from larger-scale forcing
on shelf inflow have yet to be explored. Variations in shelf inflow to
the Salish Sea and the Columbia River estuary, two large NCCS estuarine
systems, were studied using a realistic hydrodynamic model. The paths
and source of shelf water were identified using particles released on
the shelf. Particles were released every two weeks of 2017 and tracked
for sixty days. Shelf inflow was identified as particles that crossed
the estuary mouths. Mean wind stress during each release was compared
with initial horizontal and vertical positions and physical properties
of shelf inflow particles. For both the Salish Sea and the Columbia
River estuary, upwelling-favorable wind stress was correlated with a
shelf inflow source north of the estuary mouth. Depth was not correlated
with wind stress for either estuary, but relative depth (depth scaled by
isobath) increased during upwelling-favorable winds for both. Properties
of inflow changed from cold and fresh during upwelling to warm and salty
during downwelling, reflecting seasonal changes in NCCS shelf waters.
These results may be extended to predict the source and properties of
shelf inflow to estuaries in other regions with known wind or shelf
current patterns.
Quantifying the contribution of ocean advection and surface flux to the upper-ocean salinity variability resolved by climate model simulations
Authors: Laurindo Lucas Cardoso , Siqueira Leo , Small Justin , Thompson LuAnne , Kirtman Ben P.
Published: September 2023

This study examines the impact of ocean advection and surface freshwater
flux on the non-seasonal, upper-ocean salinity variability in two
climate model simulations with eddy-resolving and eddy-parameterized
ocean components (HR and LR, respectively). We assess the realism of
each simulation by comparing their sea surface salinity (SSS) variance
with satellite and Argo float estimates. Our results show that, in the
extratropics, the HR variance is about five times larger than that in LR
and agrees with the Argo estimates. In turn, the extratropical satellite
SSS variance is smaller than that from HR and Argo by about a factor of
two, potentially reflecting the low sensitivity of radiometers to SSS in
cold waters. Using a simplified salinity conservation equation for the
upper-50-m ocean layer, we find that the advection-driven variance in HR
is, on average, one order of magnitude larger than the surface
flux-driven variance, reflecting the action of mesoscale processes.
The Longwave Cloud-radiative Feedback in Tropical Waves Derived by Different Precipitation Datasets
Authors: Hsiao Wei-Ting , Maloney Eric D.
Published: September 2023

The tropical longwave cloud-radiative feedback is calculated using
outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) and precipitation in two versions of
Global Precipitation Climatology Project, version 1.3 (GPCPv1.3) and the
newer version 3.2 (GPCPv3.2). GPCPv3.2 has less frequent precipitation
between 10-40 mm day but more frequent precipitation
at other intensities than in GPCPv1.3. The radiative feedback on
intraseasonal timescales calculated by GPCPv3.2 is weaker than in
GPCPv1.3 by almost half. The radiative feedbacks are also found to have
a red-noise like distribution in spatiotemporal spectral space in both
precipitation products, but the magnitudes are weaker in GPCPv3.2. OLR
lags precipitation by phase angles of up to 40° in eastward-propagating
Kelvin and n = 0 inertia-gravity waves in GPCPv3.2, but not in GPCPv1.3.
The updated magnitudes and phase shift of the feedback may modify our
understanding of tropical disturbances such as the Madden-Julian
oscillation.
Omnivariant Generalized Least Squares Regression: Theory, Geochronological Applications, and Making the Case for Reconciled Δ47 calibrations
Authors: Daëron M , Vermeesch P
Published: September 2023

Least-squares regression methods are mathematically powerful,
conceptually and computationally simple, and widely used in many fields.
However, none of the commonly-used flavors of least-squares regression,
such as York regression or Generalized Least Squares (GLS), take into
account the full set of covariances between all observed (x,y) values.
Here we describe the Omnivariant Generalized Least Squares (OGLS) method
to fit a model of the form y=f(x), accounting for the full error
correlation structure of the (x,y) data, based on a first-order linear
propagation of the uncertainties in all variables into errors in y
residuals, followed by minimizing the vector of y residuals with respect
to the Mahalanobis norm defined by its covariance matrix. This approach
may be described as a generalization of both York regression and GLS. It
is mathematically exact for straight-line fits, and is also suitable for
many non-linear models. Here we describe the principles of OGLS
regression and discuss its properties, caveats, and practical use, and
provide two consistent open-source implementations in Python and R. To
illustrate how various fields of geochronology and stable-isotope
geochemistry may benefit from this new method, we discuss how OGLS may
specifically apply to Ar/Ar
dating and how it provides robust mathematical evidence that
Δ carbonate calibrations in the recently defined
I-CDES metrological scale are statistically indistinguishable,
effectively solving long-standing methodological discrepancies.
Compactness of the Family of A(z)-Analytic Functions
Authors: Radhi Ahmed Khalaf , Lyan Gregory M.
Published: September 2023

In recent years, the Beltrami equation has garnered the attention of numerous researchers for the study of its analytical properties. Therefore, in this paper, we investigate certain properties of an analogue of the Cauchy integral for A(z)-analytic functions, utilizing the analytical properties of the Beltrami equation. Additionally, we obtain the compactness conditions for a family of functions within an A(z)-lemniscate.
Study the Corrosion Inhibition on the Iraqi Fuel Tanks using Cefoperazone Drug
Authors: Kadhim Akram Mohsin , Anaee Rana Afif , M. Hassan Mohammed Jasim , Al-lami Munaf Adnan Idan
Published: September 2023

Corrosion is one of the most important problems that face the petroleum industry, both production and refining, and cause damage to petroleum equipment, tanks, and transmission lines, and increasing maintenance costs. in this study ,  was  adding six concentrations of the drug expired Cefoperzone (Exp CEF) (50, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 ppm) to a Simulated Oil Well Water (SOWW), the inhibitive role of (Exp CEF)  drug was investigated to Reduce the corrosion risk of carbon steel. Four different temperatures were used to conduct electrochemical tests (303, 313, 323 and 333 K) to achieve the study. The study was then supported by an examination of the inhibited surface using field emission scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive (FESEM) and (AFM). The results indicated occurring the inhibition by an anodic inhibitor that controls the dissolution of iron from steel gave the highest inhibition efficiency (IE%) by adding 500 ppm, while the calculation of polarization resistance (Rp) gave the highest resistance by 400 ppm through adsorption the added drug to show flakes shaped structures with decreasing surface roughness (Ra ) from 307.1 to 83.15  after inhibition. The calculation of adsorption isotherm confirmed the obeying of Langmuir adsorption isotherm by giving the coefficient of linear regression was about one in the range of 0.999 > R^2 > 0.995, with the spontaneous adsorption that estimated from the negative values of 〖∆H〗_ads^o and variation in the type of adsorption to be physically or chemically according to the added concentration because of the differential sign of 〖∆H〗_ads^o . The sign of 〖∆H〗_ads^o was positive that reflecting the increase in randomness at the metal/solution interface.
Evaluation of some Hematological and Inflammatory Factors in Iraqi Patients Suffering from COVID-19 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Khalaf Qusay Abdulwahab , Rasool Khetam Habeeb , Naji Eman Natiq , Nasser Mohamad Merhi
Published: September 2023

COVID-19 is a newly recognized sickness spreading rapidly worldwide and causing many consequences and deaths. Diabetes Mellitus(DM) is suggested as a risk factor that contributes to the severity and mortality of COVID-19. The present study investigates the levels of Lymphocytes, Neutrophils, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, and ferritin, in COVID-19 patients who suffer from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and those without T2DM.  80 participants enrolled in this study, distributed into 4 groups; Group 1 (G1) included 20  patients with COVID-19 and T2DM;  Group 2 (G2) comprised  of  20  patients with COVID-19;  Group 3(G3) included T2DM patients. In addition,  20 individuals were taken as a healthy control group. The patient samples were obtained from Ibn-AlKhateeb Hospital /Baghdad in the period between February to April 2022. A  hematology automated device was utilized to count lymphocytes and neutrophils, while a biochemical automated device was employed to measure D-dimer, CRP, and ferritin. Regarding the blood immune cells, there was a significant decrease in lymphocyte counts and a significant increase in neutrophil counts in G1 and G2 groups compared to the healthy control group. The serum levels of the studying markers(CRP, D-dimer, and ferritin )were increased in the G1, G2, and G3 compared to the control group. Furthermore, patients in the G1 group had higher levels of these markers than in other groups, which are considered prognostic markers for COVID-19 infection.
Quantitative Analysis of Blurry Color Image Fusion Techniques using Color Transform
Authors: Mohammed Nawras Badeaa , Mohamad Haidar , Abbas Heba Kh. , Salim Ali Aqeel
Published: September 2023

This work focuses on fused color images resulting from motion blur (left and right) with a blur block size of 11 pixels. The color conversion process was performed from RGB color space (Red, Green, Blue) to HSV (Hue, Saturation, Value), L*a*b*, and Ycbcr (Luminance, Chrominance) color space. The traditional (addition, multiplication) and proposed fusion techniques (absolute real standard deviation) were used for this purpose. The data was examined by quality criteria with reference (Mutual Information, Correlation Coefficient, Structural Content, Normalized Cross Correlation) and without reference (Blind Reference less Image Spatial Quality Evaluator, Naturalness Image Quality Evaluator, and Perception-based Image Quality Evaluator). In results and depending on the criteria, the best fusion method is the proposed real standard deviation.
Atatürk Dönemi Yerli Malı Kullanımı ve Milli Tasarruf Çabalarında Milli İktisat ve Tasarruf Cemiyeti’nin Yeri ve Faaliyetleri (1929-1938)
Authors: ÇAKICI Derya
Published: September 2023

Türk Kurtuluş Savaşı’nın başarıyla sonuçlanmasının ardından ulusal bir ekonomi oluşturma yönündeki ilk adım, 17 Şubat 1923’te İzmir İktisat Kongresi’nin düzenlenmesi olmuştur. Kongrede, bütün ekonomik girişimlerin piyasa kurallarına uygun olarak yapılması ve devletin ekonomiye müdahalesinin en aza indirmesi gerektiği kabul edilmiştir. Ancak 1929 yılında New York borsasında patlak veren bir kriz, bir anda bütün dünyayı etkisi altına almıştır. Türkiye’yi de olumsuz etkileyen krizin ardından liberal ekonomik modelden, devletçilik uygulamasına geçiş başlatılmıştır. Bu bağlamda 1929 yılında bizzat devlet desteğiyle Milli İktisat ve Tasarruf Cemiyeti kurulmuştur. Cemiyetin ortaya çıkmasındaki asıl amaç ise halka tutumlu olmayı, tasarruf yapmayı ve yerli malı kullanmayı özendirmekti. Hükümetin ihtiyacı olan sermaye için tasarruf politikasını öne süren cemiyet, iç piyasayı genişletmek ve ihracatı artırmak için de yerli malı ve sergi politikasını ortaya atmıştır. Cemiyet, düzenlediği kongrelerle de hükümetin millî iktisat politikasını belirlemesine katkıda bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmada bahsi geçen cemiyetin kuruluşu ve faaliyetleri, arşiv kaynakları ve dönemin basın-yayın organları doğrultusunda incelenerek ortaya koyulmaya çalışılmıştır. 1923-1938 arasındaki süreci ele alan çalışma, dönemin ekonomik sorunlarını ve bu sorunlara karşı üretilen çözüm politikalarını farklı bir bakış açısıyla yorumlayarak literatüre katkı sağlamayı amaçlamıştır.
PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Maulana El-Yunusi Muhammad Yusron , Novita Sari
Published: September 2023

This research aims to determine and analyze students' critical thinking skills that are developed in Islamic religious education subjects at SD Negeri 28 Gresik. The focus of this research is on the application of the Problem Based Learning model in developing students' critical thinking skills in Islamic Religious Education subjects and the supporting and inhibiting factors. This type of research is qualitative using a naturalistic approach. The research location was carried out at SD Negeri 28 Gresik. Data collection techniques use observation methods, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques use data reduction, data presentation, and triangulation. This research produced the following findings: First, the critical thinking abilities that are formed in SDN 28 Gresik students in PAI subjects can be seen from the following competencies: a. able to formulate the main problems in a material; b. able to express facts to solve problems; c. able to choose logical, relevant, and accurate arguments; d. able to provide opinions from various points of view; e. able to resolve problems arising from a statement. Second, the application of the Problem-Based Learning model to develop students' critical thinking skills in Islamic religious education subjects at SD Negeri 28 Gresik is carried out through the following activity program: a. student orientation to the problem; b. organizing students to study; c. guiding student investigations; d. presenting student work; e. analyzing and evaluating the problem-solving process. The third finding regarding supporting and inhibiting factors for implementing the Problem Based Learning model to develop students' critical thinking skills in Islamic religious education subjects is as follows, a. The supporting factors are school leadership factors, teacher factors, student factors, and school facility factors, b. The factors that become obstacles are that the learning process is less conducive and time is limited.
Optimizing Students’ Higher Order Thinking Skill through Indonesian English Course Platform
Authors: Apriani Eka , Muthmainnah Muthmainnah , Marzuki Abdul Gafur , Esmianti Farida , Supardan Dadan
Published: September 2023

As the compulsory subject at the senior high school, English is used for transferring and develop their knowledge, skill, and attitudes in the areas of science, technology, and art. English is crucial for the student in order to help them to understand the oral and written text in detail. Eventually, teachers have to prepare a good strategy to complete the student need of English in the class. Then, the school has HOTS as the strategy for the students. However, students are required to seek additional learning outside of school in order to enhance their learning in school. For this reason, Indonesian English course platform (Ruangguru) becomes the medium to optimize student’ HOTS. This quantitative research discussed 84 students of SMAN 1 Rejang Lebong. In obtaining the data, the eighty-four students of XII grade in academic year 2020/2021 were given a set of questionnaires to get the data whether Ruangguru can optimize students’ HOTS in learning English. The researcher collected the data, then determined the frequency and percentage of the students' responses. According to this study's findings, Indonesian English course platform (Ruangguru) can be a medium to optimize students’ HOTS beside learning English in the classroom. Based on three indicators that is provided by researcher, those are: Analyzing (71.83%), Evaluating (72.26%), and Creating (72.85%). Based on the result, Indonesian English course platform (Ruangguru) helps students to optimize students’ Higher Order Thinking in learning English
Comparison of Frameworks for the Assessment of Decarbonisation of European National Building Stocks
Authors: Beltrán-Velamazán Carlos , Gómez-Gil Marta , López-Mesa Belinda , Monzón-Chavarrías Marta , González González Francisco
Published: September 2023

The European Union (EU), aware that having an energy efficient building stock is crucial to achieve decarbonisation goals and to improve people's quality of life, has established a legislative framework made up of Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBDs) and Energy Efficiency Directive (EEDs) to support Member States’ (MS) governments in boosting energy performance of buildings by offering a broad range of policies and support measures. Since 2014, all EU countries must establish a long-term renovation strategy (LTRS) every three years to support the renovation of their national building stock into a highly energy efficient and decarbonised building stock by 2050, contributing to achieving the Member States’ energy and climate plans (NECPs) targets. The requirement for EU countries to adopt a LTRS was first set out in the EED (2012/27/EU) and was revised in 2018 EPBD (2018/844/EU). With the aim of facilitating the interpretation of the latter directive by the national governments, Commission Recommendation (EU) 2019/786 was published. In this recommendation a voluntary framework based on progress indicators to assess the decarbonisation of the building stock was proposed. Later, in 2021, a proposal for the recast of the EPBD was launched, and in 2023 it was amended. In these new versions, the LTRs are strengthened towards Building renovation plans (BRP). The plans will include national targets in a more unified and comparable approach, and progress will be measured through a compulsory assessment framework based on indicators, among other issues. In this paper, the assessment frameworks proposed in the Commission Recommendation (EU) 2019/786, the proposal for the EPBD recast (2021 version) and the 2023 amended version of the EPBD recast are compared. Additionally, 2020 Member States’ LTRSs are analysed, focusing on the indicators that each one proposes to assess the renovation progress in the country. Finally, the level of alignment between the indicators proposed by each national strategy and by the 2023 amended version of the EPBD recast is evaluated, in order to identify best practices among MS to get closer to the future ‘Building renovation plans’.