bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of a tubugi-1-toxin conjugate by a modulizable disulfide linker system with a neuropeptide Y analogue showing selectivity for hY1R-overexpressing tumor cells
Authors: Kufka Rainer , Rennert Robert , Kaluđerović Goran N , Weber Lutz , Richter Wolfgang , Wessjohann Ludger A
Published: January 2019

Tubugi-1 is a small cytotoxic peptide with picomolar cytotoxicity. To improve its cancer cell targeting, it was conjugated using a universal, modular disulfide derivative. This allowed conjugation to a neuropeptide-Y (NPY)-inspired peptide [K4(C-βA-),F7,L17,P34]-hNPY, acting as NPY Y1 receptor (hY1R)-targeting peptide, to form a tubugi-1–SS–NPY disulfide-linked conjugate. The cytotoxic impacts of the novel tubugi-1–NPY peptide–toxin conjugate, as well as of free tubugi-1, and tubugi-1 bearing the thiol spacer (liberated from tubugi-1–NPY conjugate), and native tubulysin A as reference were investigated by in vitro cell viability and proliferation screenings. The tumor cell lines HT-29, Colo320 (both colon cancer), PC-3 (prostate cancer), and in conjunction with RT-qPCR analyses of the hY1R expression, the cell lines SK-N-MC (Ewing`s sarcoma), MDA-MB-468, MDA-MB-231 (both breast cancer) and 184B5 (normal breast; chemically transformed) were investigated. As hoped, the toxicity of tubugi-1 was masked, with IC50 values decreased by ca. 1,000-fold compared to the free toxin. Due to intracellular linker cleavage, the cytotoxic potency of the liberated tubugi-1 that, however, still bears the thiol spacer (tubugi-1-SH) was restored and up to 10-fold higher compared to the entire peptide–toxin conjugate. The conjugate shows toxic selectivity to tumor cell lines overexpressing the hY1R receptor subtype like, e.g., the hard to treat triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-468 cells.
Spatially Resolved [C ii] Emission in SPT0346-52: A Hyper-starburst Galaxy Merger at z ∼ 5.7
Authors: Litke Katrina C. , Marrone Daniel P. , Spilker Justin S. , Aravena Manuel , Béthermin Matthieu , Chapman Scott , Chen Chian-Chou , Breuck Carlos de , Dong Chenxing , Gonzalez Anthony , Greve Thomas R. , Hayward Christopher C. , Hezaveh Yashar , Jarugula Sreevani , Ma Jingzhe , Morningstar Warren , Narayanan Desika , Phadke Kedar , Reuter Cassie , Vieira Joaquin , Weiss Axel
Published: January 2019

SPT0346-52 is one of the most most luminous and intensely star-forming galaxies in the universe, with

and

. In this paper, we present

ALMA observations of the

158 μm emission line in this z = 5.7 dusty star-forming galaxy. We use a pixellated lensing reconstruction code to spatially and kinematically resolve the source-plane

and rest-frame 158 μm dust continuum structure at ∼700 pc (∼0.″12) resolution. We discuss the

deficit with a pixellated study of the L
[C ii]/L
FIR ratio in the source plane. We find that individual pixels within the galaxy follow the same trend found using unresolved observations of other galaxies, indicating that the deficit arises on scales ≲700 pc. The lensing reconstruction reveals two spatially and kinematically separated components (∼1 kpc and ∼500 km s−1 apart) connected by a bridge of gas. Both components are found to be globally unstable, with Toomre Q instability parameters

everywhere. We argue that SPT0346-52 is undergoing a major merger, which is likely driving the intense and compact star formation.
Magnetically Inspired Explosive Outflows from Neutron-star Mergers
Authors: Nathanail Antonios , Porth Oliver , Rezzolla Luciano
Published: January 2019

Binary neutron-star mergers have long been associated with short-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). This connection was confirmed with the first coincident detection of gravitational waves together with electromagnetic radiation from GW170817. The basic paradigm for short-duration GRBs includes an ultra-relativistic jet, but the low-luminosity prompt emission together with follow-up radio and X-ray observations have hinted that this picture may be different in the case of GW170817. In particular, it has been proposed that large amounts of the magnetic energy that is amplified after the merger, can be released when the remnant collapses to a black hole, giving rise to a quasi-spherical explosion impacting on the merger ejecta. Through numerical simulations we investigate this scenario for a range of viewing angles, injected energies and matter densities at the time of the collapse. Depending on the magnitude of the energy injection and the remnant density, we find two types of outflows: one with a narrow relativistic core and one with a wide-angle, but mildly relativistic outflow. Furthermore, very wide outflows are possible, but require energy releases in excess of 1052 erg.
Cross sectional analysis of vaginal Lactobacillus in asymptomatic women of reproductive age in Mumbai, India
Authors: Pramanick Rinku , Parab Shraddha , Mayadeo Niranjan , Warke Himangi , Aranha Clara
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Lactobacillus dominated vaginal microenvironment is associated with lower risk of genital infections. Numerous studies have reported geographic and ethnic variations in vaginal microbiome structure between healthy individuals from different race and ethnicity. India has a great diversity, so it is intriguing to find out if such divergences exist in vaginal lactobacilli. The present study aimed to investigate predominant Lactobacillus species in vaginas of healthy Indian women and screen isolates for lactic acid and H2O2 production.

Methodology: 203 premenopausal women asymptomatic for any vaginal complaints were recruited. The lactobacilli isolates on MRS agar were identified by Multiplex-PCR and 16sRNA gene sequencing. RAPD was used to differentiate strains of same species. H2O2 and lactic acid was evaluated on TMB-HRP MRS agar and BCP-MRS agar respectively.

Results: Lactobacilli were recovered from 107/109 (98.2%) women with normal microflora. L. iners 64.7% (68), L. crispatus 26.7% (28), L. reuteri 21.9% (23), L. jensenii 16.2% (17) and L. gasseri 15.2% (16) were the most frequently occurring vaginal lactobacilli in normal women. The vaginal microflora was dominated by either by a single (80%, n = 84) or a combination (20%, n = 21) of Lactobacillus species. Though most frequently identified, L. iners, coexisted only with other Lactobacillus species. All isolates were acid producers but H2O2 was produced by 94.2% isolates.

Conclusions: Our study reports prevalent vaginal lactobacilli which could be explored as probiotics. Presence of heterogeneous Lactobacillus population highlights the cumulative effects of different lactobacilli maintaining vaginal health. Contrasting observations about L. iners reiterates its puzzling role in vaginal immunity, advocating further research.
Evaluation of the efficacy of two methods for direct extraction of DNA from Mycobacterium tuberculosis sputum
Authors: Ndhlovu Victor , Mandala Wilson , Sloan Derek , Kamdolozi Mercy , Caws Maxine , Davies Gerry
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Whole genome sequencing (WGS) has shown superiority over other bacterial typing methods and can be used to monitor disease transmission. The long culture period hinders use of WGS as a diagnostic tool for TB. The ideal situation would be to efficiently sequence directly from clinical specimens such as sputum. Attempts to sequence directly from Mtb clinical samples have achieved very low coverage (less than 0.7X). We compared DNA extraction methods for direct extraction from Mycobacterium tuberculosis positive sputum and assessed their suitability for Single Molecule Real Time sequencing.

Methodology: We evaluated the extraction efficiency of the PrimeXtract kit and an in-house CTAB method by extracting DNA from Mtb sputum. We evaluated the methods on these parameters: ease of use, efficiency (quantity and purity) and the cost per extraction.

Results: The PrimeXtract kit was able to isolate 5.93 µg/mL ± 0.94, (Mean ± SEM) concentration of DNA and a yield of 0.2975 µg ± 0.04723, (Mean ± SEM). Comparatively, the CTAB method isolated 1.88 µg/mL ± 0.38 DNA and a yield of 0.09 µg ± 0.02. Both concentration and yield from the kit were significantly (p = 0.0002) higher than those from CTAB. The PrimeXtract kit had a DNA purity ratio of 1.69 ± 0.09 compared to the CTAB’s 1.73 ± 0.14 and this difference was not statistically different.

Conclusion: PrimeXtract kit has a superior extraction efficiency than the CTAB method on Mtb sputum in terms of DNA yield although no significant difference by DNA purity was seen.
Bacterial bloodstream infections in level-I trauma intensive care unit in Serbia: incidence, causative agents and outcomes
Authors: Djuric Olivera , Markovic-Denic Ljiljana , Jovanovic Bojan , Jovanovic Snezana , Marusic Vuk , Bumbasirevic Vesna
Published: January 2019

Introduction: We aimed to describe incidence, outcomes and antimicrobial resistance markers of causative agents of bacterial BSI in the intensive care unit (ICU) in a trauma center in Serbia.

Methodology: Prospective surveillance was conducted from November 2014 to April 2016 in two trauma-surgical ICUs of the Emergency Department of Clinical center of Serbia. Bloodstream infections were diagnosed using the definitions of Center for Disease Control and Prevention.

Results: Out of 406 trauma patients, 57 had at least one episode of BSI (cumulative incidence 14.0%). Overall 62 BSI episodes were diagnosed (incidence rate 11.8/1000 patient/days), of which 43 (69.4%) were primary BSI (13 catheter-related BSI and 30 of unknown origin) and 19 (30.6%) were secondary BSI. The most common isolated pathogen was Acinetobacter spp. [n = 24 (34.8%)], followed by Klebsiella spp. [n = 17 (24.6%)] and P. aeruginosa [n = 8 (1.6%)]. All S. aureus [n = 6 (100%)] and CoNS [n = 3 (100%)] isolates were methicillin resistant, while 4 (66%) of Enterococci isolates were vacomycin resistant. All isolates of Enterobacteriaceae were resistant to third-generation cephalosporins [n = 22 (100%)] while 7 (87.5%) of P. aeruginosa and 23 (95.8%) of Acinetobacter spp. isolates were resistant to carbapenems. All-cause mortality and sepsis were significantly higher in trauma patients with BSI compared to those without BSI (P < 0.001 each).

Conclusions: BSI is a common healthcare-associated infection in trauma ICU and it is associated with worse outcome. Better adherence to infection control measures and guidelines for prevention of primary BSI must be achieved.
Reclassification of the Sack-bearer Moths (Lepidoptera, Mimallonoidea, Mimallonidae)
Authors: St Laurent Ryan A. , Kawahara Akito Y.
Published: January 2019

A backbone molecular phylogeny of Mimallonidae, based on 47 species and 515 loci, was recently published. That study resolved some of the major relationships in the family, but taxon sampling was limited and a classification of the family was not formally presented for all species. Here morphological phylogenetic analyses in parsimony and maximum likelihood (ML) frameworks were conducted that included 192 species and 55 morphological characters. A phylogenetic analysis was also conducted on the morphological dataset with a topological constraint based on the 515 locus tree from the previous study. Results show that nearly all species can be confidently placed in a genus using morphological phylogenetics. The presence of a frenulum, a character that was historically used to distinguish major groups of Mimallonidae, varies within and among genera. Based on our phylogenetic results, the classification of Mimallonidae is revised, which now includes 291 species in 41 genera. Descriptions of three new genera are included:Fatellallagen. n.,Citrallagen. n., andLepismallagen. n.The following taxonomic changes were made in the present article: 43 new/revived combinations (inAceclostriaVuillot,ArcinnusHerbin,BedosiaSchaus,BedosialloSt Laurent & Kawahara,CicinnusBlanchard,Citralla,DruenticaStrand,Fatellalla,LacosomaGrote,Lepismalla,MimalloHübner,ProcinnusHerbin,PsychocampaGrote,RoelmanaSchaus, andThaeliaHerbin), two new species-level synonyms (meliniBryk is synonymized withviemandaSchaus,jarugaJones is synonymized withhamataWalker), one revived synonymy (roscidaDognin is resynonymized withexternaMoore), seven new statuses (inDruentica,MacessogaSchaus, andTrogopteraHerrich-Schäffer), six revived statuses (inAceclostria,Cicinnus,Druentica,Psychocampa, andZaphantaDyar), and one new designation ofnomen nudum. In order to alleviate nomenclatural problems, twelve lectotypes are designated (forTolypidaamaryllis(Schaus),TrogopteraalthoraSchaus,AdalgisacroesaSchaus,Alheitapulloides(Dognin),LacosomabriasiaSchaus,LacosomadiedericaSchaus,LacosomaraydelaSchaus,Psychocampalacuna(Schaus),CicinnuscorallinaDognin,CicinnuslatrisSchaus,CicinnussolvensSchaus,CicinnustuisanaSchaus) as well as a neotype forMimallodespectaWalker (=Cicinnusdespecta). This paper also provides apomorphies for each genus and a morphological key to genera. Annotations are given to aid researchers in understanding all changes made herein, and images of male and female and their genitalia are present for nearly all type species.
Transmission intergénérationnelle et transgénérationnelle du vécu de guerre chez des Libanais migrants : apports des épreuves projectives
Authors: Sawaya Michèle , Louët Estelle , Baubet Thierry
Published: January 2019

Résumé À partir de l’étude d’une vignette clinique et des données projectives du Rorschach et du TAT, nous nous proposons dans cet article de dégager les éléments saillants dans les tests projectifs qui peuvent éclairer la problématique de la transmission intergénérationnelle et transgénérationnelle du vécu traumatique de guerre. Les premières analyses nous amènent à explorer de manière spécifique la problématique de séparation/individuation, la difficulté à opérer un choix identificatoire, l’expression du débordement affectif, la forte réactivité à la couleur et à la planche I, ainsi que la fragilité de la fonction de pare-excitation.
Une méthode d’analyse de discours appliquée aux entretiens cliniques de recherche. L’analyse de discours à partir des procédés d’élaboration du discours du tat (Thematic Apperception Test)
Authors: Bazire Anaëlle , Proia-Lelouey Nadine , Johnston Gladys
Published: January 2019

Résumé Les auteures présentent une méthode originale d’analyse des entretiens cliniques de recherche basée sur l’utilisation des procédés d’analyse du discours du TAT développée dans l’approche psycho-dynamique du test par différentes auteures de l’École de Paris (Schentoub, Brelet et Chabert). Après avoir fait un point sur la littérature concernant les méthodes d’analyse des entretiens cliniques de recherche, elles résument les enjeux épistémologiques et cliniques de la méthode d’analyse du TAT et argumentent en faveur du transfert de cette technique à l’analyse des entretiens cliniques de recherche. Elles présentent ensuite un extrait d’entretien analysé selon cette méthode et l’interprétation clinique qui peut en être faite.
How Many Is Too Many? Collaboration of Multiple Nursing Organizations For Professional Development
Authors: Redding Donna A , Anglin Linda T
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Representatives of 11 nursing organizations developed a unique consortium to produce an ongoing series of annual conferences focused on promoting professional nursing leadership among nurses in diverse practice areas including acute care, long-term care, community health, and nursing education. The consortium strategically added members and refined the format of the conferences based on participant feedback. The conferences feature a keynote speaker and practicebased breakout sessions designed to facilitate futuristic thinking among nurses. The conference is associated with a legislative roundtable to support interaction between nurses and legislators. Future expansion of the consortium will include representation of advanced practice nurses.

The development of the consortium and its highly efficient methods of operation are described in this article as an example of multi-organizational collaboration to promote professional nursing leadership. Bonds have been formed between the consortium member organizations that are mutually beneficial to the members of all.
Recognizing the Talent Within: Preparing Clinicians for a Role in Professional Development
Authors: Miller Greg , Happell Brenda
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Background: Ongoing professional development is recognized as crucial to the psychiatric and mental health nursing profession; however, implementing effective professional development programs has proved problematic. The Centre for Psychiatric Nursing Research and Practice in Victoria, Australia, developed a clinician-trainer course to overcome some of the identified problems.

Method: An evaluation was conducted to measure participant satisfaction with the program.

Results: The initial evaluation suggests the course delivery and content were considered useful and relevant to participants, although areas for improvement were identified.

Conclusion: The model developed is potentially effective but a longitudinal evaluation is required to determine the impact of the course on the implementation of professional development in the clinical domain.
Effects of an Educational Bereavement Program on Health Care Professionals' Perceptions of Perinatal Loss
Authors: DiMarco Marguerite , Renker Paula , Medas Julie , Bertosa Helen , Goranitis Jacquelyn L
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in health care professionals' perceptions of perinatal loss situations before and after an educational program on perinatal bereavement.

Method: A quasi-experimental design was used in a pretest and posttest format.

Results: Scores were significantly higher (p = .000) on each of the posttest vignettes. Overall scores were lowest for the miscarriage pretest, whereas scores for the pretest vignettes for the stillbirth and neonatal loss were similar. A similar pattern occurred in the posttest vignette scores.

Conclusion: Health care professionals' perceptions of the emotional care needs of families experiencing perinatal loss were significantly increased after an educational program. The miscarriage vignette had the largest change score and the lowest mean scores on the pretest and posttest, which indicates professionals do not view miscarriage as significant a loss as stillbirth and neonatal loss.
The Impact of Osteoporosis Continuing Education on Nurses' Knowledge and Attitudes
Authors: Berarducci Adrienne , Lengacher Cecile A , Keller Rosemary
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Background: Osteoporosis has rapidly evolved into a severe health threat to Americans and a major public health problem. The increasing incidence of this disease and related fractures mandates that continuing education include osteoporosis content to ensure nurses provide competent education and care. An osteoporosis educational program was presented to nurses as part of a continuing education symposium on women's health issues. The program was tested to determine its effectiveness in augmenting the osteoporosis-related knowledge and attitudes of nurses.

Method: Eighty-one RNs with educational levels varying from associate degrees to doctorates attended the continuing education program. Sixty-three of the program participants completed pretest and posttest measures.

Findings: The educational program significantly increased osteoporosis knowledge in this cohort of nurses. Additionally/ nurses indicated they were more likely to pay attention to their own bone health as a result of attending the program.

Conclusion: Results of this study reinforce the need for osteoporosis-related continuing education.
Knowledge and Awareness Concerning Chemical and Biological Terrorism: Continuing Education Implications
Authors: Rose Molly A , Larrimore Karen L
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Background: A survey on knowledge and awareness concerning chemical and biological terrorism was used to assess the knowledge base of health care providers at an urban medical center in preparation for developing a workshop on domestic terrorism preparedness. A second survey assessing domestic terrorism preparedness of infection control personnel and nurse educators also was conducted.

Method: A total of 291 nurses, physicians, nursing students, and medical students completed the knowledge and awareness survey. A total of 24 infection control personnel and nurse educators completed the second survey on domestic terrorism preparedness.

Findings: The knowledge scores of the respondents were low, with less than one fourth of the knowledge questions answered correctly. In addition, less than 23% of the respondents reported confidence to provide health care in a hypothetical chemical terrorism situation.

Conclusion: These findings indicate a need for nurses in continuing education and staff development to develop, implement, and evaluate innovative domestic terrorism preparedness programs.
Continuing Education in Research Ethics for the Clinical Nurse
Authors: Jeffers Brenda Recchia
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Background: In their role as care provider, clinical nurses are involved in research protocols. Although clinical nurses seldom serve as principal investigators, nursing care often is delivered to patients involved in study protocols. This article explores the need for continuing education in research ethics for clinical nurses and offers recommendations for core research ethics education.

Method: Professional nursing statements, federal policy, and federal recommendations for improving protection of human participants in research were reviewed to identify areas pertinent to the role of nurses.

Findings: Continuing education in research ethics is an important component in ensuring protection of human participants in research. Essential research ethics education topics for clinical nurses, including three case studies, are presented.

Conclusion: Continuing education that enhances clinical nurses' awareness of the ethical issues involved in research assures nurses have the knowledge and ethical sensitivity needed to act as patient advocates and improves the protection of human rights.
The Impact of Graduate Education on Reading for Lifelong Learning
Authors: Armstrong Myrna L , Johnston Barbara A , Bridges Ruth Ann , Gessner Barbara A
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Background: Reading is one means of achieving professional lifelong learning, and while nursing as a profession has an abundance of literary resources, the amount of time nurses actually spend reading is unknown. Previous studies found nurses who had graduate degrees, were in leadership positions, and held multiple memberships in professional nursing organizations reported increased reading time. This study examined the amount of time RN students entering graduate school and graduate school alumni spend reading as well as their primary purpose (interest, application, and commitment) for the reading.

Method: A descriptive/exploratory survey research design was used. The Reading Activity Inventory Tool was administered to new graduate (entry) students (n = 47) during orientation to their graduate program and graduate alumni (n = 99) who were 1, 2, and 3 years postcompletion of their masters degrees. Participants were recruited from four Texas nursing schools.

Findings: The average weekly time participants reported reading professional literature was 10 hours and 50 minutes for the entry group and 6 hours for the alumni group. As to the purpose (interest, application, and commitment) of reading the nursing literature, there was no significant difference on total interest or total application among the four cohorts (entry students and 1st-, 2nd-, and 3rd-year alumni). Entry students had a higher total commitment to reading than alumni nurses.

Conclusion: While entry students spent more time reading in this study, the alumni with advanced degrees seemed invested in the profession with significantly more journal subscriptions, increased memberships in nursing organizations, and consistent reading activities. Strategies to encourage all nurses to read for lifelong learning need io be explored.
Professional Development Needs of Registered Nurses Practicing at a Military Community Hospital
Authors: Bibb Sandra C , Malebranche Mark , Crowell Debra , Altman Colleen , Lyon Sylvia , Carlson Ariel , Miller Steven , Miller Teresa , Rybarczyk Jeanine
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Background: Focus groups were used to determine what factors need to be considered when designing a professional development program for RNs practicing at a military community hospital.

Method: Six focus groups were formed with RNs from multiple directorates and settings within various specialties.

Findings: Five thematic groupings were identified: 1) specific professional development needs for leadership, clinical/specialty practice, competence development, and maintenance, 2) methods for providing continuing education, 3) methods for evaluating the effectiveness and efficiency of continuing education, 4) barriers to professional development, and 5) professional development issues impacting retention of military nurses.

Conclusion: The professional development needs oí RNs practicing in military hospitals are complex and multifaceted. The thematic groupings identified guided the design of a professional development program for RNs.
A Continuous Quality Improvement Approach to Improving Clinical Practice in the Areas of Sedation, Analgesia, and Neuromuscular Blockade
Authors: Arbour Richard
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Background: Practice concerns associated with the medical prescription and nurses' administration and monitoring of sedatives, analgesics, and neuromuscular blocking agents were identified by the clinical nurse specialist within a surgical intensive care unit of a large, tertiary-care referral center. These concerns were identified using a variety of needs assessment strategies. Results of the needs assessment were used to develop a program of care, including a teaching initiative, specific to these practice areas.

Methods: The teaching initiative incorporated principles of andragogy, the theory of adult learning. Educational techniques included inservice education, bedside instruction using "teaching moments," competency-based education modules, and integration of instruction into critical care orientation. Content and approach were based on the background and level of experience of participants.

Results: Educational program outcomes included increased consistency in monitoring neuromuscular blockade by clinical assessment and peripheral nerve stimulation. A second outcome was more accurate patient assessment leading to the provision of drug therapy specific to the patients' clinical states, including anxiety or pain.

Conclusion: The continuous quality improvement approach offers a model for improving patient care using individualized needs assessment, focused educational interventions, and program evaluation strategies.
Curriculum Considerations for Enhancing Baccalaureate Learning for International Students
Authors: Pardue Karen T , Haas Barbara
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Background: International students studying nursing in the United States present unique teaching opportunities and challenges. Student language, culture, and academic expectations are major factors for faculty to consider in delivering international education.

Methods: An RN to BSN program provides baccalaureate completion study for registered nurses residing in Israel. Students can choose to complete the final semester in the United States.

Findings: Israeli nursing students demonstrate a strong collectivistic orientation to their academic work. Issues related to English language fluency and academic paper preparation were identified.

Conclusion: Success in international teaching endeavors is facilitated when faculty carefully evaluate course materials and assignments. Clarity of language, cultural expectations, and availability of academic resources are important considerations for promoting student success.
A Strategy for Involving On-Campus and Distance Students in a Nursing Research Course
Authors: Shuster George F , Learn Cheryl Demerth , Duncan Robert
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Background: Teaching research at the undergraduate level can be a challenge. This is particularly true for distance education courses, in which students often feel isolated from each other and from faculty. Faculty teaching on-campus and distance education research courses designed a student research project and a method for bringing distance and on-campus students together to present their research findings.

Method: By actively engaging students in the research process and providing an on-campus research day for the presentation of student posters (Year 1) and research papers (Year 2), course faculty were able to achieve their two goals of directly involving students in the nursing research process and creating a greater student sense of belonging within the college learning community.

Results: Statistical analysis of an evaluation survey among on-site and off-site registered nurse to bachelor of science in nursing students indicated both groups ranked the Year 1 poster research day as good to very good. Students attending the Year 2 research day, where they presented papers, ranked the day as good. Statistical analysis indicated a significant difference between the two research days, with a clear student preference for posters.

Conclusion: Students valued their active participation in the research process and the opportunity to get together and present their work. However, students clearly preferred a poster presentation format to presenting their findings as a research paper.
Start Out: Building Healthcare Careers for Minority Teenagers
Authors: Yates Susan Hunter , Bline Kerri , Bird Chelsea , Bresnahan Erin , Couper-Noles Rebekah , Cutler Sarah , Henderson Susanne , Hymel Erin , Salsman Tracie , Tonellato Malia , Steele Annie , Lindenberg Cathy Strachan
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Background: The healthcare industry is currently experiencing a severe shortage of nurses and other allied healthcare professionals. To compound this crisis, the current workforce does not mirror the growing linguistic and cultural diversity of the population needing health care. This article describes a community partnership approach to creating educational and career opportunities in nursing and other health sciences for young, multicultural, bilingual teenagers.

Method: Several community organizations joined together to design and implement an 8week summer program entitled "Start Out," which served to integrate life planning, mentorship, nursing assistant training, and college application assistance while providing summer salary stipends and work scholarship opportunities. Twenty-seven students participated in the program.

Results: Twenty-four bilingual, economically disadvantaged teenagers 16 to 19 years old, from the greater Seattle metropolitan area, completed the first session of this innovative program and passed the certified nursing assistant examination.

Conclusion: Culturally focused assistance programs may provide an avenue to meet the current nursing shortage and provide healthcare workers who can be sensitive to the cultural and linguistic needs of the growing ethnic population.
A Case Study of the Use of Telemedicine by Advanced Practice Nurses in Rural Missouri
Authors: Armer Jane M
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Background: Telemedicine aims to increase access to health care through the use of technology, but its impact on rural health care has had limited study. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of newly implemented telemedicine systems on rural practice and patient care in the Missouri Telemedicine Network.

Method: Telemedicine equipment and hookups were provided to satellite clinics and nonaffiliated clinics, nursing homes, hospitals, and health departments in three rural counties. Qualitative research methods were used to elicit data and develop a case study report of the experience of the rural nurse practitioner's use of telemedicine technology. Results were then compared with those of three other counties without telemedicine technology.

Results: Advanced practice nurses reported professional development and connectedness with telemedicine capability. Those with telemedicine access reported both current and potential applications of technology to practice. Both formal and informal learning opportunities were cited. Those without telemedicine access viewed telemedicine as potentially supportive of enhanced patient care and professional satisfaction.

Conclusion: This preliminary study provides support for the role of telemedicine in augmenting the role of the advanced practice nurse in a variety of rural settings.
Resourcing Nursing Education Through Collaboration
Authors: Mathews Mary Beth
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

The nursing shortage is also a nursing faculty shortage. The shortage of nurses can only be managed if the shortage of faculty is addressed. The profession needs creative and rigorous "research and development" strategies to secure sufficient educator resources across practice settings. Recent position statements of the American Association of Colleges of Nursing and the National League for Nursing on nursing education and the preparation of nurse educators recommend specific actions to meet these needs. The author calls for purposeful and creative collaboration between educators in academic and service settings to resource nursing education, now and in our future.
Ethical Reasoning in Prescribing and Monitoring Psychotropic Medications
Authors: Limandri Barbara J.
Published: January 2019

Traditionally, schools of nursing teach legal and ethical responsibilities at the pre-licensure and advanced practice levels, with emphasis on legal duties and ethical principles. However, involving clinicians in the process of ethical reasoning, a process similar to the scientific method and nursing process, is much less common. The current article describes and demonstrates the steps in ethical reasoning in common situations faced by prescribing advanced practice RNs and psychiatric–mental health nurses. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 57
(1), 7–10.]
Una geografía imaginada: el Muni a través del proyecto de compañía de franquicia de Valeriano Weyler
Authors: Guerra Velasco Juan Carlos
Published: January 2019

El trabajo se adentra en la construcción del espacio colonial español en el Golfo de Guinea a través del concurso de 1905 para la adjudicación del Muni. Este es habitualmente presentado como el proyecto de Valeriano Weyler. Sin embargo, la autoría intelectual recae en Enrique D’Almonte, antiguo funcionario colonial en Filipinas, miembro de la Sociedad Geográfica de Madrid y persona plenamente identificada con el discurso colonial español en África. A pesar de que la única propuesta admitida es la de Weyler, la subasta no llega a adjudicar el Muni a una compañía. Este trabajo no confronta por tanto lo que se pensó con lo que se realizó. Se esfuerza por entender qué conocimientos geográficos son los que confluyen en la propuesta elaborada por D’Almonte y de qué manera se ponen al servicio del proyecto colonial. El conocimiento que se moviliza bebe fundamentalmente de los relatos de exploración del Muni. A su vez, es un conocimiento asimétrico: adquiere textura y detalle para el litoral de la Guinea continental y el espacio más inmediato a él, pero se muestra genérico para el interior y este de la colonia. Las fuentes primarias utilizadas provienen del Fondo África del Archivo General de la Administración. En él está depositada la documentación de la subasta del Muni.
Evolución del exceso de agua edáfica anual en la Región Pampeana (Argentina)
Authors: Scarpati Olga Eugenia , Capriolo Alberto Daniel
Published: January 2019

Las inundaciones y sequías son una constante en la Región Pampeana (Argentina). Casi todos los años uno de estos eventos hidrológicos extremos tiene lugar y, a veces, ambos. La evolución temporal del exceso de agua en el suelo, durante sesenta años se analiza en nueve estaciones meteorológicas localizadas en importantes áreas cuyos usos del suelo tienen impacto económico y social. Ellas se ubican en las provincias de Córdoba, Santa Fe, Entre Ríos, La Pampa y Buenos Aires. Los datos meteorológicos diarios fueron provistos por Servicio Meteorológico Nacional para el período 1951- 2010. El modelo de balance de agua en el suelo fue el utilizado por Forte Lay et al. que está basado en el de Thornthwaite-Mather y la evapotranspiración diaria de referencia normal media fue estimada con la fórmula de Penman-Monteith. En el presente trabajo al parámetro exceso de agua en el suelo se lo utiliza como indicador del riesgo de inundación. La metodología Makesens se usó para el análisis estadístico, el mismo se basa en el test no paramétrico de Mann-Kendall para el estudio de la tendencia y el método no paramétrico Sen para su magnitud. Todas las estaciones analizadas mostraron diferente evolución del exceso de agua en el suelo y experimentaron riesgo de inundación en algún momento del período estudiado.
Envejecimiento demográfico y exclusión social en barrios obreros degradados de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria
Authors: Boldú Hernández Jordi , Domínguez-Mujica Josefina
Published: January 2019

El objeto de estudio de este artículo lo constituye la caracterización de la vulnerabilidad urbana de dos barrios obreros de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria: San Nicolás y La Isleta. El ciclo de vida de dichos barrios y el de sus vecinos corren paralelamente, de forma que el envejecimiento de sus poblaciones y de su tejido habitacional se muestra como un signo de obsolescencia y de atonía urbana y demográfica en la capital de Gran Canaria (España). Para definir el estado actual de vulnerabilidad que los afecta, en esta investigación se utilizan técnicas cuantitativas y cualitativas de análisis. Las primeras permiten el estudio sociodemográfico (Censo de Población y del Padrón) y de su tejido habitacional y urbano (Censo de Viviendas y Catastro); las segundas (entrevistas y grupos de discusión) ofrecen el testimonio de sus residentes en relación con su sentimiento de pertenencia a dichos barrios. Los resultados de la investigación desarrollada muestran el interés de la gerontología ambiental, a nivel de microescala, para diagnosticar situaciones que requieren un tratamiento diferenciado en ámbitos urbanos, con la intención de paliar la vulnerabilidad y contribuir a la construcción de ciudades más justas desde un punto de vista social y espacial.
El paisaje cultural de la Fiesta Nacional de la Vendimia en Mendoza, Argentina. La dialéctica entre espacios materiales y simbólicos
Authors: Marchionni Franco , Ruiz Sánchez Javier
Published: January 2019

Las actividades productivas, especialmente aquéllas con una implantación espacial significativa, vinculadas al territorio de manera inseparable, configuran un paisaje cultural. En muchos casos se ha llegado a modificar por completo el escenario natural creando uno nuevo. Un ejemplo de esa trasformación es el caso de la vitivinicultura en las tierras secas del oeste argentino. A partir de esta importante actividad, que caracteriza en parte a la citada región, la Fiesta de la Vendimia, constituye un bien cultural de escala nacional para Argentina. El objetivo del presente trabajo persigue identificar algunos rastros materiales y simbólicos presentes en el desarrollo de esta fiesta realizando una lectura integrada entre relaciones sociales y espacios —urbano y rural/vitivinícola—. Efectivamente se supone que el recorrido urbano promovido con el «Carrusel» y la «Vía blanca de las reinas» por la ciudad permite la lectura de estructuras socio-espaciales promovidas por el poder económico-político en el contexto de la fiesta. Al mismo tiempo, el recorrido resulta en su despliegue, ser dinamizador de un patrimonio agroindustrial y vitivinícola notable. La clave de la doble lectura, es el movimiento. De ese modo, el paisaje cultural se conforma de manera dialéctica, la ciudad convertida en escenario y fiesta, seña de identidad y fragmento de la memoria del trabajo proyectado en el territorio que adquiere sentido en la urbe.
Knock down and insecticidal activity of the plants Tagetes minuta, Lippia javanica, Lantana camara, Tagetes erecta and Eucalyptus grandis on Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes
Authors: Lukwa N. , Mduluza T. , Nyoni C. , Lukwa A.T. , Zimba M.
Published: January 2019

The knock down and insecticidal effects of the plants Tagetes minuta, Lippia javanica, Lantana camara, Tagetes erecta and Eucalyptus grandis were evaluated against Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes in thatched round huts in Mumurwi village. Leaves from these plants were smouldered in order to provide mosquito repellent smoke. Complete knock down was provided 40 minutes after mosquitoes were exposed to smoke of T. erecta, 60 minutes to smoke of T. minuta and E. grandis and 120 minutes to smoke of L. javanica. Complete knock down of mosquitoes could not be provided by L. camara within the 140-minute exposure period. The KT50 (time required to knock down 50% of the mosquitoes) values were 24.985 minutes (T. minuta), 34.473 minutes (T. erecta), 59.119 minutes (L. javanica), 59.828 minutes (L. camara) and 25.245 minutes (E. grandis). The KT90 (time required to knock down 90% of the mosquitoes) values were 48.060 minutes (T. minuta), 50.169 minutes (T. erecta), 178.341 minutes (L. javanica), 140.220 minutes (L. camara) and 47.998 minutes (E. grandis). Mortality rates 24h after exposure were 40% (T. minuta), 100% (T. erecta), 75% (L. javanica), 90% (L. camara) and 100% (E. grandis). In conclusion, smoke from the plants T. erecta, T. minuta and E. grandis had very fast knock down rates with T. erecta, L. camara and E. grandis killing over 90% of the An. arabiensis mosquitoes. Plant smoke is important in mosquito control.
Persistency of Chlorpyrifos and Termiban (Imidacloprid) in soil against subterranean termites
Authors: Hassan B. , Ahmed S. , Ejaz M.A.
Published: January 2019

Subterranean termites are considered to be one of the most destructive termites in urban areas in Pakistan. Different types of insecticides have been used to control subterranean termites. The present studies were conducted to evaluate the comparative persistency and effectiveness of Termiban (imidacloprid 5 SC) and Chlorpyrifos (40 EC) against subterranean termites in the three type of soils (sand, silt and clay) at different time interval. Two different concentrations (100 and 200 ppm) of selected insecticides were prepared and applied to soil in petri plates and termite were released at different time interval to record mortality. Results showed that at each time interval and concentration, mortality of termite was non-significantly different for both insecticides. When persistency of insecticides was tested under closed condition, results showed that lowest weight loss (8.60%) of wood was observed in Termiban treated soil at 200 ppm which was significant different from rest of the treatments. Similarly, under open conditions, at each time interval, there was significant more mortality of termites in soil treated with Termiban compared to Chlorpyrifos.
On Harrodian instability: two stabilizing mechanisms may be jointly destabilizing
Authors: Franke Reiner
Published: January 2019

In (heterodox) economic theory, discussions of dynamic stability contrast negative with positive feedback effects. With more complex relationships, stable and unstable sub-models are set up, the intuition being that stability in an integrated model would be determined by the stronger forces. Accordingly, a combination of two stabilizing mechanisms will normally be expected to reinforce stability. The present paper gives a simple counter-example to this intuition, first in a purely formal reasoning and then illustrating it in a specific economic context. Regarding the latter, two approaches are considered that have recently been put forward in the literature to tame Harrodian instability: one by monetary policy acting through (indirect) interest-rate effects, and the other by an autonomously growing, non-capacity-creating component of aggregate demand, which gives rise to the so-called supermultiplier. While the two mechanisms separately stabilize the steady state if they are sufficiently strong, their interaction will necessarily render it unstable.
Demand effects of fiscal policy since 2008
Authors: Stockhammer Engelbert , Qazizada Walid , Gechert Sebastian
Published: January 2019

The Great Recession of 2007–2009 has led to controversies about the role of fiscal policy. Academically this has translated into renewed interest in the effects of fiscal policy. Several studies have since suggested that fiscal multipliers are substantially larger in downswings or depressions than in upswings. In terms of economic policy reactions, countries have differed substantially in their fiscal stance. It is an important open question how big the impact of these policies on economic growth has been. The paper uses the regime-dependent multiplier estimates by Qazizada and Stockhammer (2015) and by Gechert and Rannenberg (2014) to calculate the demand effects of fiscal policy for Germany, the USA, the UK, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal and Spain since 2008. This allows us to assess to what extent fiscal policy explains different economic performances across countries. We find expansionary fiscal policy in 2008–2009 in all countries, but since 2010 fiscal policies have differed. While the fiscal effect was roughly neutral in Germany, the UK and the USA, it was large and negative in Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal and Spain.
Has French budgetary policy since the 1970s been truly Keynesian?*
Authors: Charles Sébastien , Dallery Thomas , Marie Jonathan
Published: January 2019

The article shows that budgetary policy in France since the 1970s cannot be characterized as Keynesian. To prove this, two rules of behaviour compatible with Keynesian teaching are proposed and then compared with changes in budgetary balances and with a battery of stylized facts. The article calls for a fiscal stimulus allowing production capacities to be fully used for the first rule, or the return to full employment for the second. The article also points to potential ways of showing that the objective of full employment is not incompatible with the ecological transition and can be more easily reachable with a reduction in work hours.
Retranslation in Context
Authors: Poucke Piet Van , Gallego Guillermo Sanz
Published: January 2019

Retranslation in context
Passive (Re)translations and identity struggles in the poetry of Leonard Cohen. A Comparison of three translations of book of Longing (2006)
Authors: Mus Francis
Published: January 2019

Em menos de uma década, o Book of Longing [Livro do desejo] de Leonard Cohen (2006) foi traduzido para o francês três vezes. A coleção de poemas de Cohen foi primeiramente traduzida no Québec (Livre du constant désir, 2007), e então na França (Le livre du désir, 2008). Além disso, sete poemas do Book of Longing apareceram previamente como canções no álbum Ten New Songs [Dez novas canções] (2011). O lançamento francês do álbum foi acompanhado por um libreto promocional, no qual foram impressas traduções para o francês (feitas por Graeme Allwright). Neste artigo, pergunta-se se estes textos podem ser tachados como retraduções ou não. As três traduções serão inicialmente comparadas, para se determinar até que ponto diferentes mecanismos de poder influenciaram a produção destas traduções, a saber: a dinâmica entre centro e periferia (Paris e Québec), e entre produtos de alta e baixa cultura (literatura e música). Estes fatores externos serão então comparados a um certo número de fatores internos, i.e. a interpretação específica da poesia de Cohen que pode ter influenciado as estratégias tradutórias do três textos sob consideração.