bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La rizière, « écosystème spécialisé » ? Un cas dans le sud-ouest chinois
Authors: Bouchery Pascal
Published: January 2014

Un cas dans le sud-ouest chinois Depuis les travaux de C. Geertz (1963) consacrés aux systèmes rizicoles indonésiens, on a souvent présenté la culture inondéenne du riz comme un modèle de spécialisation agricole, par opposition à la riziculture sèche sur essarts. Ce point de vue résulte cependant d'une focalisation sur les seuls aspects productifs de la rizière, négligeant le fait que celle-ci constitue un espace polyvalent associant agriculture, aquaculture, capture de petits animaux et collecte de plantes sauvages. Le présent article réexamine de façon critique la thèse de Geertz considérant la rizière comme un « écosystème spécialisé », à la lumière de matériaux ethnographiques recueillis parmi un peuple de montagnards du sud-ouest chinois cultivant le riz en terrasses irriguées. Dans un contexte écologique marqué par un déboisement massif du couvert forestier originel, la cueillette continue déjouer un rôle économique non négligeable.
L'homme et l'animal dans l'agriculture chinoise ancienne et moderne
Authors: Cartier Michel
Published: January 2014

Man and animal in ancient and modern Chinese agriculture -

Though ordinarily defined as the association of cereals and of plant fibers for textiles (including silk), Chinese agriculture also reserves an important place for livestock, which is divided among animals for consumption (pigs, sheep and fowl) and work animals (oxen and horses). Contrary to what is usually taken for granted, the passage toward intensive farming has not reduced the importance of livestock. Statistics from the 20th century reveal a "densification" of beasts of burden: in 1995, there was nearly one animal per planted hectare and one animal for four persons working on farms.
Technical Change in Wartime in South Vietnam (1967-1972)
Authors: Combs Arthur
Published: January 2014

Changement technique dans le Sud-Vietnam en guerre (1967-1972) -

Au tournant des années 1960 et 1970, les campagnes du Sud- Vietnam en guerre ont curieusement pu tirer un réel avantage de la « Révolution verte ». Le cas montre toutefois qu'une croissance économique est possible même dans un contexte de très forte instabilité politique et de guerre, là du moins où les opérations militaires restent d'intensité limitée. Les semences nouvelles et les produits chimiques qu'elles requièrent se sont, en effet, répandus bien au-delà de la zone que le gouvernement avait entendu couvrir, au-delà même des frontières militaires et politiques. L'article discute des conséquences théoriques et pratiques du fait que, dans de telles conditions, une grande part de la population agricole du Sud-Vietnam a, malgré tout, opté pour la technique nouvelle.
Les Touaregs entre contraintes géographiques et constructions politiques
Authors: Boilley Pierre
Published: January 2014

représentations occidentales des Touaregs nomades sont faites de fascination et d'incrédulité admirative devant leur capacité à surmonter l'aridité saharienne, mais aussi du mythe d'une société rappelant les traits du féodalisme médiéval et immuable à travers les siècles. Pourtant, leur histoire est complexe et leur pratique territoriale éminemment politique. Les remises en cause coloniales et post-coloniales de la flexibilité et de la mobilité qui en étaient les caractéristiques ont réduit les stratégies d'adaptation de ces pasteurs et ont transformé en catastrophes les difficultés climatiques. Malgré les soubresauts des rébellions contemporaines, la société touarègue semble ainsi de plus en plus contrainte à une mutation de son rapport à l'espace.
La raison des moines.
Authors: Lemesle Bruno
Published: January 2014

La justice rurale dans le Haut- Maine au XIe siècle nous est surtout connue grâce aux litiges qui opposent des membres de l'aristocratie laïque aux monastères. On assiste à un vaste transfert des biens fonciers en faveur d'établissements religieux. Il arrive alors que les héritiers, ou le seigneur du donateur, contestent ces aliénations : c'est là l'enjeu majeur des plaids. À l'époque, il n'y a pas d'appropriation privée de la justice ; existe une procédure publique avec ses règles, dépendante de l'autorité comtale. Il s'agit de comprendre comment des cours de justice incluant laïcs et hommes d'Église ont, tout en favorisant les compromis, largement privilégié les moines tandis que les premiers se sont vu lésés dans leurs intérêts économiques.
Justice, état et société.
Authors: Gelman Jorge
Published: January 2014

Justice, state and society. Re-establishing order in Buenos Aires following Indépendance (1810) - Installing a new legitimate order in the Buenos Aires countryside following the collapse of the colonial system entailed creating tribunals of the peace in the early 1820s. The socioeconomic profiles of these justices of the peace and of their subordinates, landowners and heads of household, are analyzed. These persons were not necessarily wealthy. Emphasis is laid on the measures taken by the government of Juan Manuel de Rosas (1829-1852) for disciplining the judiciary and rural society as a whole.
Survival after 131I-labeled lipiodol therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Ezziddin S. , Wilhelm K. , Fimmers R. , Spengler U. , Palmedo H. , Strunk H. , Schild H. H. , Biersack H. J. , Risse J. , Ahmadzadehfar H. , Habibi E.
Published: January 2014

This study investigated the efficacy of 131iod- ine-labeled lipiodol (1311-lipiodol) as a palliative therapy, evaluated overall survival (OS) across Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stages, and determined the main prognostic factors influencing OS in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Patients, methods: We retrospectively analyzed 57 (44 men; mean age, 65.7 years; mean activity per session, 1.6 GBq; mean cumulative activity in patients with >1 sessions, 3.9 GBq) HCC patients who underwent 1311-lipiodol therapy. A majority of patients exhibited Child-Pugh class B (53.6%) disease and a good Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (0-1; 72%). Multinodular disease was observed in 87.7% patients, bilobar disease in 73%, and portal vein occlusion (PVO) in 54%. Furthermore, 21.1% patients were staged as BCLC B and 59.6 % as BCLC C. All patients were followed until death. Results: The median OS was 6.4 months, which varied significantly with disease stage (median OS for BCLC A, B, C, and D was 29.4, 12.0, 4.6, and 2.7 months, respectively; p = 0.009); Child-Pugh score and class; presence of ascites, PVO, or extrahepatic disease; largest lesion size; favourable treatment response; international normalized ratio, baseline albumin and alpha-fetopro- tein levels. Patients with a Child-Pugh A liver disease had a longer OS. Conclusion: Currently, different treatment modalities for HCC include radioembolization, transarterial chemoemboliz- ation, and systemic therapy with sorafenib; however, 1311-lipiodol therapy remains a feasible alternative for patients without a favourable response to other therapies, particularly for patients with Child-Pugh A liver cirrhosis.
Comparison of New Preservation Solutions, HN-1 and University of Wisconsin Solution, in Pancreas Preservation for Porcine Islet Isolation
Authors: Katayama Akihiro , Noguchi Hirofumi , Kuise Takashi , Nakatsuka Atsuko , Hirota Daisho , Kataoka Hitomi Usui , Kawai Takashi , Inoue Kentaro , Imagawa Noriko , Saitoh Issei , Noguchi Yasufumi , Watanabe Masami , Wada Jun , Fujiwara Toshiyoshi
Published: January 2014

For pancreatic islet transplantation, maintaining organ viability after pancreas procurement is critical and a major determinant for better graft function and survival. University of Wisconsin (UW) solution is currently the gold standard for abdominal organ preservation and the pancreas in particular. However, in the use of UW preservation solution for islet transplantation, there are disadvantages to be overcome, such as the inhibition of collagenase activity during pancreatic digestion. In this study, we compared UW solution with HN-1 solution in pancreas preservation for islet isolation. Islet yield was significantly greater in the HN-1 group than the UW group both before and after purification. In the in vitro assay, the adenosine triphosphate content in cultured islets was significantly higher in the HN-1 group than in the UW group. Furthermore, in streptozotocin-induced diabetic nude mice, the islet graft function of the HN-1 group was superior to that of the UW group. We concluded that the use of HN-1 solution is a promising approach for optimal pancreas preservation in islet transplantation.
Maintenance of Viability and Function of Rat Islets with the use of ROCK Inhibitor Y-27632
Authors: Kubota Yasuhiro , Noguchi Hirofumi , Seita Masayuki , Yuasa Takeshi , Sasamoto Hiromi , Nakaji Shuhei , Okitsu Teru , Fujiwara Toshiyoshi , Kobayashi Naoya
Published: January 2014

The number of patients with diabetes is on an increasing trend, thus leading to the belief that diabetes will be the largest medical problem of the 21st century. Islet transplantation can improve glycometabolic control in patients with type 1 diabetes. We studied the viability of Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitor Y-27632 in a culture system in vitro on freshly isolated rat islets. Islet isolation was conducted on a Lewis rat, and studies of culture solutions were split into two groups, one group using ROCK inhibitor Y-27632, and another without. On the seventh day of culture, we evaluated the differences for the cell morphology, viability, and insulin secretion. The Y-27632 group maintained form better than the group without Y-27632. With strong expression of Bcl-2 observed with the Y-27632 group, and expression suppressed with Bax, inhibition of apoptosis by Y-27632 was confirmed. The Y-27632 group predominantly secreted insulin. For islet transplantation, Y-27632 inhibited cell apoptosis in a graft and was also effective in promoting insulin secretion. We were able to confirm effective morphological and functional culture maintenance by separating islets from a rat and adding ROCK inhibitor Y-27632 to the medium.
SUSTAINABLE CORPORATE ENTREPRENEURSHIP INITIATIVES: A RISK AND REWARD ANALYSIS
Authors: Urban Boris , Nikolov Kristo
Published: January 2014

Earlier studies recognize the importance of corporate entrepreneurship towards achieving a sustainable competitive advantage. This study proposes that the likelihood of individual participation in corporate entrepreneurship initiatives is contingent upon individual perceptions of rewards and risks. The research presents different scenarios, and tests several attributes that influence the decision to participate. Conjoint analysis utilisation simulates a real life situation where scenario analyses in varying combinations in terms of their intensity levels take place. The results indicate the most important attribute influencing the decision to participate is the probability of venture success followed closely by financial reward. As expected, job risk, pay risk and required effort are deterrents to participation; and individuals with past entrepreneurial experience are less concerned about job risk and have a higher positive perception regarding the probability of corporate venture success.
INDUSTRY SEGMENTATION UNDER ENVIRONMENTAL PRESSURE: AN OPTIMAL APPROACH
Authors: Dai Feng , Liu Jingxu , Liang Ling
Published: January 2014

Based on the Solow growth model, this paper builds a combinatorial model for economic growth under environmental pressure. Using the model, the optimal number of industries in an economy can be computed, and the “optimal number” can be regarded as a criterion for decision making concerning industry segmentation. This paper presents a critical value of the number of industries in an economy, which determines the economic output to grow (or not) after industry segmentation. The findings include the following: (1) technological progress and innovative growth cause an industry segmentation, and (2) industry segmentation is the primary approach to sustaining economic growth under environmental pressure.
Emploi, bénévolat et financement des associations culturelles
Authors: Deroin Valérie
Published: January 2014

En 2011, une association sur cinq a une activité culturelle. Sur ces 267000 associations culturelles, 35100 emploient au moins un salarié, l’activité de toutes les autres reposant exclusivement sur la participation bénévole. Il y a 169000 salariés employés par des associations culturelles, soit 9,4 % de l’emploi salarié associatif. Comme pour les entreprises, les salariés des associations culturelles sont plus fréquemment en contrat court et ont un niveau de formation plus élevé que les salariés des autres secteurs. On compte en moyenne cinq salariés par association culturelle employeuse, deux fois moins que la moyenne. Les associations s’appuient également sur des bénévoles, qui donnent donc de leur temps sans être rémunérés. Les associations culturelles emploient de manière bénévole l’équivalent de 189000 emplois à temps plein. Le nombre de bénévoles présents dans une association culturelle est d’environ 18. Chaque bénévole travaille en moyenne 63 heures par an dans une association sans salariés, et 86 heures par an dans une association employeuse de salariés. En 2011, le budget cumulé de l’ensemble des associations culturelles est estimé à 8,3 milliards d’euros. En termes monétaires, les associations culturelles pèsent à peu près autant qu’en termes d’emplois au sein de l’économie associative : 9,7 %. Une association culturelle dispose d’un budget moyen de 31000 euros, deux fois moins que la moyenne d’un budget associatif, du fait de leur taille plus réduite. Les associations culturelles sont moins dépendantes des financements publics (40 %) que la moyenne (49 %). En particulier, elles ont moins accès aux commandes publiques et se financent plutôt par le biais de subventions. Les communes sont, plus que dans les autres secteurs associatifs, à l’origine d’une grande part des subventions, notamment pour les associations qui n’emploient aucun salarié. La moitié des associations culturelles réalise de façon principale ou secondaire une activité d’organisation ou d’accueil de spectacle vivant. Elles ont en moyenne moins de salariés que celles des autres activités culturelles, des budgets plus réduits et ont davantage recours au bénévolat.
Les conditions de réussite des joint-ventures internationales : le cas d'un groupe français dans le secteur événementiel
Authors: Triki Dora , Moalla Emna
Published: January 2014

Dans un contexte d’ouverture des marchés, de nombreuses entreprises ont noué des Joint-Ventures Internationales (JVI) dans le but de pénétrer de nouveaux marchés. Malgré une euphorie pour ce mode de coopération, il demeure risqué avec un niveau de performance hétérogène. Dans le cadre de cet article, nous présentons, dans un premier temps, une synthèse de la littérature sur les déterminants de la performance des joint-ventures. Par la suite, nous nous intéressons aux facteurs de réussite des JVI créées par un groupe opérant dans le secteur événementiel, à savoir, GL events. L’analyse de ces facteurs montre l’influence de l’environnement interne (la compatibilité des objectifs, la confiance et la structure du capital) et externe (la culture nationale et la profitabilité de l’industrie) sur la réussite de ces stratégies coopératives.
Hybridation du New Public Management : cas de gestion des administrateurs territoriaux en France
Authors: Pyun Hae-Ok
Published: January 2014

Face à la question de savoir « comment diffuser le New Public Management dans l’administration publique et continuer à accomplir les missions de service public », la France a trouvé ses réponses dans l’hybridation (Boyer, 1997). Notre étude empirique sur 1 125 administrateurs territoriaux (en collaboration avec l’Association des Administrateurs Territoriaux de France) montre que la gestion hybride en est une parfaite illustration.
Le système d'information comptable des dirigeants de PME syriennes : complexité et contingences
Authors: Chapellier Philippe , Mohammed Abdallah , Teller Robert
Published: January 2014

L’étude, réalisée par administration d’un questionnaire auprès de 92 dirigeants de PME industrielles syriennes, montre que les données comptables de gestion constituent un point d’ancrage obligé pour tous les dirigeants, y compris ceux des entreprises les plus petites, mais que ces données sont rarement très complexes et restent par là-même spécifiques à ce type d’organisation. Elle révèle ensuite l’existence de contingences structurelles et comportementales.
Les réseaux sociaux de l'entrepreneur et son accès aux ressources externes : le rôle des compétences sociales
Authors: Omrane Amina
Published: January 2014

Face aux différents handicaps liés à la nouveauté, la rareté des ressources et le manque de légitimité, les entrepreneurs doivent se procurer les moyens leur permettant de faire perdurer leurs projets nouvellement créés. Dans cette perspective, la théorie des réseaux sociaux a largement mis en avant que le capital relationnel de l’entrepreneur lui permet de véhiculer des ressources clés qui sont requises tout au long du processus entrepreneurial. L’objectif de cet article est de démontrer en quoi des compétences sociales spécifiques constituent des leviers qui contribuent considérablement au développement de différents types de réseaux sociaux propices à l’accès de l’entrepreneur aux ressources essentielles.
La constitution et la gouvernance des biens communs numériques ancillaires dans les communautés de l'Internet. Le cas du wiki de la communauté open-source WordPress
Authors: Ruzé Emmanuel
Published: January 2014

Les communautés sur Internet et les technologies de l’information ont permis l’émergence de formes organisationnelles nouvelles, comme celles de l’ open-source et du Web 2.0 . Mais les frontières entre ces deux modes d’organisation restent mal connues. La technologie wiki en particulier est à la frontière entre les deux, et constitue un point de tensions entre les pratiques des deux formes organisationnelles citées. Cet article présente la synthèse d’une étude de cas en profondeur, celle de la mise en œuvre, dans une célèbre communauté open-source, WordPress , d’un système d’information fondé sur un wiki . Elle l’a expérimenté afin de rendre public le savoir nécessaire à sa viabilité. Nous proposons une compréhension par l’économie cognitive des formes informelles de gouvernance conditionnant la viabilité des biens publics numériques. Notre méthodologie est une approche micro-historique d’archives numériques.
Extended Speed Range Control of Axial Flux Ironless PMSM using Current-Source Inverter
Authors: Wang Xiaoyuan , Wang Xiaoguang , Fu Tao
Published: January 2014

Axial flux ironless permanent magnetic synchronous motor (AFIPMSM) is a new permanent magnetic motor. It has many advantages, such as little volume, low mass, low lost, high power density, no cogging torque, and the sinusoidal back EMF. It gradually becomes the good choice in drive system. However, because of the coreless structure and the long air gap, the winding inductance is small, which causes the current is not continued with the PWM control based on VSI. On the other hand, the armature reaction is so small that it is difficulties to weakening flux. The motor only be working under the base speed. To solve this problem, a novel speed control strategy to operate a current source inverter (CSI) driven AFIPMSM. And a modified dc-dc converter is used to boost the voltage of DC-link, which can extend the operating ranges of speed. Simulation and experimental results confirm the validity of the proposed control method.
Research on Parts Measurement Method Based on Machine Vision
Authors: Zhang Jun , Wang Shuhua , Yang Zhengling
Published: January 2014

This paper has described the measurement method of the phone slot on the assembly line. The method is based on computer vision. After reducing the effect of noise through fast median method, the authors locate the target area. Thus the authors extract the target area. The authors have proposed an edge detection algorithm based on the improved canny operator. The authors also have put forward the linear fitting method based on RHT-LSM and then the authors delete the straight line whose slope is greater than the given threshold. Therefore the authors can find the corresponding angular point coordinates. Then the authors have compared the semi-circular data of the slots ends and find the points whose tangent line’s slop are biggest. These points are absolutely tin the leftmost and in the rightmost. Thus the authors have got the length and the width of the image in the coordinate system. Then the authors can get the camera’s internal parameters and external parameters after the camera calibration. The practice shows that the system is feasible and it has high use value.
Analysis of Structural System Dynamic Model Updating Method
Authors: Shaoqing Mao
Published: January 2014

Model updating methods are successful in use of simulated data without noise, but inevitably lead to damaged uncorrelated noise levels and real experimental data, and it is often unpredictable. In this paper, the use of the frequency response function associated with re-analysis and updating of dynamic systems are proposed. Transformation matrix complexity and the normal frequency response function relationship between the structures are obtained. The transformation matrix is used to calculate the modified damping matrix of the system. The modified mass and stiffness matrices by using the least squares method is used to determine the frequency response function from the normal. A numerical example is tested to illustrate the applicability of the proposed method. The results show that this method is effective.
Learning to Learn Digitally
Authors: Terhune N. M.
Published: January 2014

How can educators empower and encourage their students to be more proactive, and give them the tools necessary to learn on their own, utilizing digital language learning resources in a culturally sensitive way? Described below is a project that introduced students to how technology and the Internet can empower the independent language learner. The goal was for the students to develop knowledge of and confidence in self-instruction and learn how to use technology and the Internet to further their language education independently. This article first outlines research into autonomous language learning with computers, offers a list of key elements for autonomous language learning, gives a description of how an independent language learning project was implemented and reports on results of student surveys that measured student response to the project. These students lacked the skills, knowledge and confidence to study on their own. However, by learning autonomous language learning concepts, and with instruction on how technology and the Internet can support a digital language learner, they gained the understanding and confidence to set and accomplish language learning goals on their own.
A Review of Four Persuasive Design Models
Authors: Torning Kristian
Published: January 2014

This paper reviews the emerging persuasive design models by systematically analysing their robustness by employing common design criterions from the tradition of design science i.e., Information Systems (IS), User Centred Design (UCD) and Technology Enhanced Learning (TEL). Light is thus shed on the relation between the persuasive design models that claim to offer advice in regards to persuasion and robust design guidelines from more mature fields of research. The results of this comparison can be used when selecting models for designs, in addition to concurrently serving as an offset for creating new models or improving existing ones.
The Design and Evaluation of the Persuasiveness of e-Learning Interfaces
Authors: Brangier Eric , Desmarais Michel C.
Published: January 2014

This study addresses the general goal of designing more engaging e-learning applications through persuasive technology. The authors present and discuss two potential approaches to the design persuasive e-learning applications that differ in terms of comprehensiveness and ease of application. The more straightforward approach based on Fogg is considered for designers who may not have the time or background to invest large efforts to analyze and understand how the principles of persuasive technology can be deployed. The Oinas-Kukkonen and Harjumaa (2009) approach is presented as a different approach that does require such investment. The design approaches are complemented with a persuasive assessment grid that can be used as an inspection instrument, akin to usability inspections as found in the field of human-computer interaction. The intent is that this instrument can complement the design process by giving early feedback on issues to address. The authors report an experiment where the inspection instrument is applied to an existing e-learning application. The actual data on how students used it provides feedback on how effective the persuasive grid is for detecting issues. The results show that the application scores low on most criteria, and the usage patterns generally confirm this assessment. However, the authors also find that some students were persuaded to engage more thoroughly to use the system and conclude that large individual differences affects the factors of influence and should lead the designers of e-learning application to consider different means in the design of persuasive technology.
Identify the User’s Information Need Using the Current Search Context
Authors: Boughareb Djalila , Farah Nadir
Published: January 2014

This paper proposes a solution to a problem frequently asked in the field of the information search on the Web that is the ambiguity of user queries. The exploitation of the current search context of the user in order to identify his information need which is expressed often through short and ambiguous queries constitutes the main contribution of this work. New contextual dimensions are used that are the user’s recent interests and the temporal events that may influence his browsing behavior. The modeling of the user’s browsing behavior taking into account the proposed dimensions gave encouraging preliminary results.
A Supply Network’s Optimal Information System and Material Flows
Authors: Waage Frenck
Published: January 2014

The management of a supply network is repeatedly forced to react to changes that have occurred, and to pro-act to changes that may occur. Management would certainly find it useful to have available a model which could identify the optimal re-action, or pro-action, from among all those which are possible. This paper will: (1) describe how such a model can be constructed in practice, and (2) how the model can be solved for the optimal management pro-actions, and reactions. The model describes all supply network interactions at any moment in time, and it describes all time dependent supply network interactions dynamically. The model serves as management’s optimal real-time decision support/information system. It will dynamically calculate the optimal operations policy for the entire supply network. The model is also capable of identifying: the optimal design of a supply network, the optimal capacities of a network, and the optimal network facility locations. It also solves some well known problems such as what is the optimal pure “demand – pull” policy in a network?
Using Educational Computer Games for Science Teaching
Authors: Wu Ying-Tien
Published: January 2014

This study explored 21 elementary science teachers’ experiences of and attitudes toward playing computer games, and their positions regarding using computer games in science teaching. Also, these teachers’ perspectives, willingness, and relevant professional abilities of integrating educational computer games (ECGs) into their instruction were investigated. There were three stages of data collection in this study: tape-recorded pre-interviews, experiencing an ECG for science learning, and tape-recorded follow-up interviews. This study revealed that less than forty percent of the teachers had ever used computer games in their teaching. After experiencing the ECG in this study, most teachers recognized the educational essence of ECGs, and all of them were willing to integrate ECGs in their science classes. However, most of the teachers expressed poor understanding of ECGs and digital game-based learning, and recognized the significant role of specific pedagogical content knowledge and the need for computer skills.
Boosting Innovation in an Italian Online University
Authors: Pozzi Francesca , Delfino Manuela , Manca Stefania , Persico Donatella , Scancarello Immacolata
Published: January 2014

This paper describes the process of boosting an innovative e-learning system in an online university in Italy. The system relies on a satellite-terrestrial telecommunication infrastructure and allows for different interaction types, including synchronous, asynchronous, textual, audio and video communication modes. The adoption of this infrastructure was preceded by a training initiative proposed to the university staff to favor its intake. The paper analyses the effects of both the training initiative and the technological innovation based on qualitative data derived from the observed differences between the pre-existing courses and their re-design and quantitative data tracked by the system during a pilot test that lasted eleven months. These data show a trend reversal in the e-learning approach, from a prevalence of transmissive mode to a more interactive one, although there is still a long way to go before more radical changes can take place.
The Construction of a Web-Based Learning Platform from the Perspective of Computer Support for Collaborative Design
Authors: Hsu Cheng-Mei
Published: January 2014

The purpose of this study is to construct a web-based Computer Support for Collaborative Design (CSCD) learning platform based on theories related to a constructivist learning environment model, mind mapping and computer-supported collaborative learning. The platform conforms to the needs of design students and provides effective tools for interaction and collaborative learning by integrating mind-mapping tools into a learning environment that utilizes CSCD, a computer-assisted support system that can support and enhance group collaboration. The establishment of the CSCD learning platform represents a significant advance beyond the fixed functions and existing models of current online learning platforms and is the only learning platform in the world that focuses on learners in design departments. The platform offers outstanding user-friendly functions and innovative technology. In terms of funding, technical ability, human resources, organizational strategies, and risk analysis and evaluations, the learning platform is also worthy of expansion and implementation.
Social Capital in Management Information Systems Literature
Authors: Ali-Hassan Hossam
Published: January 2014

Social capital represents resources or assets rooted in an individual’s or group’s network of social relations. It is a multidimensional and multilevel concept characterized by diverse definitions and conceptualizations, all of which focus on the structure and/or on the content of the social relations. A common conceptualization of social capital in information systems research consists of a structural, relational and cognitive dimension. The structural dimension represents the configuration of the social network and the characteristics of its ties. The relational dimension epitomizes assets embedded in the social relations, such as trust, obligations, and norms of reciprocity. The cognitive dimension is created by common codes, languages and narratives, and represents a shared context that facilitates interaction. To singular or collective network members, social capital can be a source of solidarity, information, cooperation, collaboration and influence. Ultimately, social capital has been and will remain sound theoretical grounding upon which to study information systems affected by social relationships and their embedded assets.
On Some Lessons from Modeling Contexts in Complex Problem Solving in Information Technology
Authors: Petkov D. , Petkova O. , Andrew T.
Published: January 2014

This paper reviews current research on context in problem solving and existing two-dimensional frameworks for expressing project contexts in Systems Thinking and Software Engineering. It makes the case for modeling of context with Problem Structuring Methods. The authors present lessons learnt from applying such methods in the context of their experience with several complex management interventions in Information and Telecommunications Technologies. The paper aims to contribute to the understanding of project contexts in complex problem solving in Information Technology.
Analysis of Temperature Field of High Speed Diesel Engine Parts and their Structural Optimization
Authors: Ji Yan Ping , Sun Ping , Zhao Si Bo
Published: January 2014

The analysis of structure and performance of internal combustion engine is presented in this paper from the following two aspects: the thermal load of I. C. Engine and the thermal efficiency of diesel engines. Firstly, the thermal load of key parts of I. C. Engine as well as the evaluation parameters of which are introduced briefly. Furthermore, based on the factors influencing the heat transfer process of internal combustion engine, the current research situation of internal combustion engine work process and heat balance for combustion chamber components, and the whole engine using numerical simulation method is described, while the coupled study of internal combustion engine components is developing trends of internal combustion engine heat balance study in the future.
Examining the Use of B-Splines in Parking Assist Systems
Authors: Elbanhawi Mohamed , Simic Milan
Published: January 2014

The main objective of the presented study and simulations conducted was to investigate the prospect of using B-spline curves for the automatic parking, i.e. self-driving, or intelligent vehicles. We consider the problem of parallel parking for a non-holonomic vehicle with a known maximum path curvature. The relationship between the properties of the path and the geometry of corresponding parking spot is revealed. The unique properties of B-splines are exploited to synthesize a path that is smooth and of continuous curvature. The contributions of this project are in the generations of better, smooth continuous paths. This improves passenger comfort during the parallel parking maneuver and allow vehicles to park in tighter spots by increasing the feasible range of the parking manoeuver.
Driving Control Research on Separated Road Surface for Electric Vehicles with Independently Driven Front and Rear Wheels
Authors: He Hong Wen , Liu Bo Lan , Peng Jian Kun
Published: January 2014

To solve the vehicle longitudinal dynamics problems of driving control, this paper takes the electric off-road vehicle with separated driven axles as the research object. An 8-DOF system dynamics model of vehicle with independently driven front and rear wheels was built by using the MATLAB/Simulink software. The recognition algorithm of the separated road surface was proposed and corresponding driving control strategy was researched. The simulation results show that the proposed drive control strategy can adapt to separated road surface, and ensure vehicle driving safely in accordance with the driver's intention.
Design and Fabrication of MEMS-Based Solid Propellant Microthrusters Array
Authors: Ru Cheng Bo , Ye Ying Hua , Wang Cheng Ling , Zhu Peng , Shen Rui Qi , Hu Yan , Wu Li Zhi
Published: January 2014

A solid propellant microthruster array consists of three parts (five layers) was designed to form propulsion system of nanosatellite. The layers of the array were fabricated by different MEMS technique respectively. Then the array was assembled by adhesive bonding (H70E thermal epoxy). An initial test was operated with the ignition test stand composed of high speed video system, electronic power source, and oscilloscope. A constant voltage was applied to the igniters through two probes contact with the pad of ignition circuitry. The test indicates that the microthruster array can be ignited under 15V.
Diesel Engine Working Cycle Utilizing Artificial Intelligent Systems
Authors: Abd-El Hamied Marwa Ahmed
Published: January 2014

In this paper a new technique is designed to build a model concerning cylinder pressure in diesel engine. The concept is to build a working cycle model utilizing artificial intelligent system. Artificial Immunity System (AIS) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) are proposed as a new approach that can be used to simulate cylinder pressure for different crankshaft speed and loads. Experimental test results of diesel engine model (AD3.152 UR) are used to train AIS system and ANN. The proposed model succeeded to provide reliable result and prove to be useful in evaluating the quality of working cycle in diesel engine.
The Wireless Ultrasonic Sensor System Based on the Chip of SH79F32
Authors: Zhang Wen Kai , Wang Hong Wei
Published: January 2014

In this thesis, we take SH79F32 as main chip, the ultrasonic sensor of HC-SR04 as collection tools, wireless transceiver based on nRF905 as communication tool, and reach the function of wireless sensor networks. Through Altium DXP-2004 to conduct schematic design and draw PCB, and then solder circuit boards, use the software of Keil to design process, to realize wireless ultrasonic sensor communication between different microcontrollers, after that, complete the design and production of wireless ultrasonic sensor design and production.
Design and Development of Test and Control System for Hydraulic Steering Control Unit Based on Virtual Instrument
Authors: Lu Qian Qian , Wei Jian Hua , Ruan Jian
Published: January 2014

A system combined the function of Industrial Computer, PLC, virtual instruments, sensors and data acquisition was designed and developed for testing and controlling of hydraulic steering control unit, which can achieve automated data acquisition, data processing, test results judgment, false alarms and etc. with the development of computer and science. The software of test system was designed through LabVIEW, and by using module design method, error detection, modify and maintenance of the software turn to be simple and the software become more robust. The system also adopted shielding and filtering with combination of hardware and software to improve test accuracy which reduces test error caused by operators and improve test efficiency.
The Analysis and Calculation of the Spiral Bevel Gears Transmission System of High-Speed Train
Authors: Tao Chen , Chen Zhe Ming , Huang Ze Hao , Long Chen
Published: January 2014

The overview and analysis of the structure of spiral bevel gear transmission system was presented . The characteristics of transmission and torque of the system were analysis and calculated . Based on high-speed trains operating conditions. The issue that tooth contact of the positive invertion of spiral bevel gear was analysis. The consistency of the positive invertion was desirable. The error curve of the transmission was downward consistently and the curves which were adjacent intersect. The less of the vibration of bridge contacts won`t be happened.
Electric Machine Technology Needs Analysis of the Linear Motor
Authors: Zhao Yu Ping , Xu Yu Hai
Published: January 2014

This article is in view of the linear motor aspects of application development in the field of electric machine tool equipment technical requirements analysis, linear motor with its high speed and high acceleration transmission has been in processing center, CNC milling machine, lathe, grinding machine, compound machine, laser is widely used in machine tools and heavy machine tool, in the aerospace, automotive, mold, energy, general machinery in areas such as plays a special role. Linear motor has precise control test system, reasonable matching of the technical indicators, to make it on the electric machine driven by linear motor can realize stable precision mobile and linear motor used for electric spark machine tool is another innovative application achievement of the modern advanced manufacturing industry. Domestic electric machine mostly adopts five axis NC gear rack drive control system, using the linear motor drive control system was still in the stage of research, to promote the linear motor is widely used in the field of electric machine, and the demand analysis.
Medical Tele-Diagnosis Robot (MTR) - Internet Based Communication & Navigation System
Authors: Mariappan Muralindran , Ramu Vigneswaran , Thiam Brendan Khoo Teng , Ganesan Thayabaren , Nadarajan Manimehala
Published: January 2014

Medical Tele-diagnosis Robot (MTR) is a cost effective telemedicine mobile robot that provides tele-presence capability for the specialist on a remote location to virtually meet the patient, perform diagnostics and consult the resident doctor regarding the patient via internet. This paper highlights on the development of a doctor-robot interface where the doctor or user can control the robot reliably via regular internet connection from a different location, a distributed secured network for MTRs communication, an audiovisual communication system for tele-diagnosis and a navigation safety system called Danger Monitoring System (DMS) as part of MTRs assistive internet based navigation remote control system. The overall setup and maintenance cost of MTR is reduced by adopting a decentralized network via hybrid P2P technology. With this, the network load is distributed among the users. As for the audiovisual system, the timeliness of the video transmission from the robot to the operator can be attained by CUDA H.264 video encoding to reduce the size of the video stream and by taking advantage of the highly-parallel processors in the graphics processing unit. Combinations of sensors are place around the robot to provide data on the robots surrounding during operation. The sensors data are fed into the DMS algorithm which is equipped with fuzzy logic based artificial intelligence system to process the data from all the sensors and user input to decide preventative measures to avoid any danger to humans and the robot in terms of obstacle avoidance and robot tilt angle safety. The overall system is tested by a set of experiments and found to be demonstrating an acceptable performance. This system proved to be suitable to be used in MTR.
Modal Analysis of Scraper Chain Industrial Robot System
Authors: Liu Na , Zou Dian Long , Zhou Tian Jiao , Zhao Jian Wei
Published: January 2014

This paper researched dynamic characteristics of 5-DOF scraper chain handling robot by finite element modal analysis. Firstly established the whole three-dimensional model with Solidworks, secondly, transferred it into the ANSYS finite element analysis software to analyze dynamic characteristics in two fixed work positions when it was grasping a scraper chain and carrying a scraper chain on a rail line. It was found the weak component which vibrated heavily was the big arm from the analysis of the top 5 order vibration mode. Then studied modal analysis of the big arm to obtain the its inherent frequency and vibration mode. Finally put forward some suggestions about the design of the handling robot and improved its dynamic characteristics which is meaningful to increase its stability and reliability.
The Performance Analysis of CDMA Traffic Access Self-Similar Equalization Protocol
Authors: Zheng Liang , Yan Bin
Published: January 2014

The random access technique has a bigger influence to the performance optimization of CDMA data traffic. A CDMA random access technique based on self-similar model and its performance analysis are put forward in this paper. The simulation results indicate that the access performance of CDMA data traffic based on self-similar model is attenuated by power law, related to such parameters as fractal coefficient H and network load G. The CDMA traffic access self-similar equalization protocol (TASEP) is put forward and it can improve the access performance of CDMA data traffic distinctly.
Block-Wise Background Subtraction Based on Gaussian Mixture Models
Authors: Yazdi Mehran , Bagherzadeh Mohammad A. , Jokar Mehdi , Abasi Mohammad A.
Published: January 2014

The background subtraction of an image enables us to distinguish a moving object in a video sequence and enter higher levels of video processing. Background processing is an essential strategy for many video processing applications and its most primary method (utilized to determine the difference of sequential frames) is very rapid and easy, but not appropriate for complicated scenes. In this article we introduce a method to remove the false distinction of the foreground. In our proposed method the updating of which is automatic, a mixture of Gaussians have been used. In addition this method depends on the passage of time. The previously introduced methods are often based on processing on the pixel and ignore the neighbor pixels in order to improve the background. Our method does not make do with one pixel but rather benefits from a block of pixels in order to include all the pixels included in the block. Experimental findings indicate considerable developments in the proposed method which can quickly and without morphological filtering model the background using image supervising cameras placed in both inside and outside locations and lighting changes, repetitive motion from clutter and scene changes. Subsequently the moving object in the scene can appear for real-time tracking and recognition applications.
Research on Natural Ventilation Effect Based on Ventilation Network Model - Case Study of an Office Building in Chongqing, China
Authors: Yang Li Ning , Fu Xiang Zhao
Published: January 2014

This paper proposed HVAC engineer should simulate natural ventilation () of building based on the Ventilation Network Model (VNM) and software of loop pipe network hydraulic calculation and analysis of hydraulic conditions (LPNHHC) V1.0 which is developed by Chongqing University. It presents two indexes, which are requirement of ventilation in local building regulation () and thermal comfortable ventilation (), should be used to evaluate the design talent on building natural ventilation. We can say the building ventilation design meet the requirement under the premise of bigger than and simultaneously. Architecture, otherwise, needs to modify the building design according to the comments of HVAC engineer. HVAC engineer should design mechanical ventilation (MV) if natural ventilation really can not meet the requirement after modification. It, at last, shows a case study of office building in Chongqing in order to prove the method proposed in the paper. We conclude that ventilation network model can be used to evaluate the design effect of building natural ventilation.
Bayesian Software Reliability Prediction Based on Yamada Delayed S-Shaped Model
Authors: Lee Tean Quay , Yeh Chun Wu , Fang Chih Chiang
Published: January 2014

Software Reliability Growth Models (SRGMs) provide techniques to predict future failure behavior from known characteristics of the software testing work. However, in some cases, software developers did not have sufficient historical data to estimate the corresponding reliability and the expected testing cost, especially for a newly developed software project, and thus the results obtained from analytical models may not be reliable. In such situations, Bayesian analysis is a reasonable approach to additionally take expert's opinions into account for better decision making. In this paper, we utilized Yamada Delayed S-shaped Model with Bayesian analysis in predicting software reliability and expected testing costs to determine an optimal release time for software systems. Besides, the failure process of software are assumed to be drawn from a non-homogeneous Poisson process (NHPP), and the parameters of the proposed model are assumed to be mutually independent and Gamma distributed. Finally, a numerical example is given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach, and the sensitive and risk analyses are performed in light of the numerical example.