bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KESEIMBANGAN HARGA (MARKET EQUILIBRIUM) PRESPEKTIF ISLAM
Authors: Iftihor  , Mahmudi  , Linawati
Published: January 2023

Pasar Merupakan Tempat Bertemunya Penjual Dan Pembeli, Pasar Terbagi Dalam Beberapa Kategori Yaitu, Pasar Persaingan Sempurna Dan Pasar Persaingan Tidak Sempurna, Dimana Dalam Salah Satu Pasar Penjual Dan Pembeli Akan Melakukan Tawar Menawar Untuk Mencapai Kesepakan Harga Dan Keseimbangan Harga, Serta Transaksi Tersebut Membawa Keberkahan Dan Memberikan harga Yang Adil Sesuai Prespektif Ekonomi Islam. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan menggunakan studi literatur/ kepustakaan. Studi literatur adalah serangkaian kegiatan yang berkenaan dengan metode pengumpulan data pustaka, membaca dan mencatat, serta mengelolah bahan penelitian. Adapun mengenai keseimbngan harga secara eksplisit mengatakan perlu adanya persaingan ia juga menjelaskan biaya-biaya yang membentuk kurva permintaan.Ulama juga sepakat bahwa perubahan harga ditentukan oleh sunatullah (kehendak Tuhan) yang diwujudkan dalam bentuk mekanisme pasar.
Training in the Processing of Vegetable Catfish Nuggets for Lauk Babakan Village PKK Women, Bogor
Authors: Prihatini Ishak Riani , Rahmaniyah Utami Nisa
Published: January 2023

Residents of Kampung Lauk Babakan Bogor have their main source of income from catfish farming. So that their lives are guaranteed through their income and work, especially after the pandemic, the people of Kampung Lauk Babakan must be able to act creatively to increase the economic value of catfish. Residents of Kampung Lauk Babakan tend to sell post-harvest catfish directly to consumers or distributors at relatively low prices. Processing catfish into vegetable nuggets can increase the economic value of catfish. For this purpose, the STP Bogor community service agency provided training to the people of Kampung Lauk Babakan, especially PKK women, about processing catfish into vegetable nuggets. Training activities are expected to be able to increase the skills and creativity of the community to manage catfish. Community service is carried out by providing counseling about the nutritional content of catfish and training in processing it into vegetable catfish nuggets to increase its economic value. The result of this dedication to Kampung Lauk Babakan is an increase in knowledge about the nutritional content of catfish and an increase in creativity in processing catfish as a solution to increase the selling value of catfish.
Financial Planning and Management Training for the Pasuluhan Village Community, Serang City in the Era of the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Cahaya Suci Stannia , Anwar Cep Jandi , Mutia Zahara Vadilla , Fahmi Ginanjar Rah Adi
Published: January 2023

The decline in people's income due to limited economic conditions at the start of the Covid-19 Pandemic increased awareness of the importance of knowledge of family financial management. Therefore the need for community empowerment activities through the presentation of material on how to manage good finances and other financial knowledge so that the community's economy will increase and reduce the risk of financial problems in the future. The method used was the presentation of material by competent sources during the Covid pandemic, but still paying attention to health protocols. The result of this activity is the increased awareness of the village community regarding the proper management and recording of finances and income. In the long term, this activity is expected to contribute to increasing the level of national financial literacy.
Utilization of Yard Land Through Horticultural Agriculture in Increasing Farmers' Income After the Covid-19 Pandemic in Cengkeh Turi Village, North Binjai District
Authors: Evira Nadia , Indah Lestari Nasution Annio , Aisyah Siti
Published: January 2023

This study aims to find out the background of the use of yards through horticultural farming so that it can increase farmers' income during a pandemic. This research is descriptive qualitative research, data collection methods are observation, interviews, and documentation. The subject of this study focused on 5 farmers with data analysis techniques using inductive thinking methods. The results showed that the use of yards through horticultural farming in Cengkeh Turi Village, North Binjai District could increase the income of farming families and was very helpful in improving the farmer's economy during the pandemic. This is proven by the farming families who live much better lives which are enough to meet their daily needs as seen from the salaries of the interviewees who have experienced an increase and jobs that are much lighter.
PUISI SEBAGAI ALAT REVOLUSIONER: ANALISIS TEKSTUAL PUISI-PUISI PERJUANGAN PATANI DALAM INTERNET
Authors: Shahul Hamid Mohamed Nazreen , Abu Hassan Almahera , Badrul Munir Syahidatul Munirah
Published: January 2023

Patani ataupun kini dikenali dunia sebagai wilayah Selatan Thailand, secara asalnya ialah milik bangsa Melayu. Ia merupakan sebuah negeri berdaulat dan memiliki sejarah yang panjang, iaitu melebihi penubuhan negara Thailand itu sendiri. Namun, setelah berada di bawah penjajahan dan cengkaman Thai, negeri Patani telah runtuh, hilang dari peta dunia. Penjajahan ini membuatkan Melayu Patani semakin hari semakin hilang rupa bangsa dan juga jati diri serta ditindas daripada pelbagai aspek. Oleh sebab tidak rela untuk terus berada di bawah penjajahan Thai, rakyat Patani sentiasa bangkit berjuang hingga ke hari ini dengan pelbagai cara. Salah satunya adalah dengan memuat naik pelbagai puisi perjuangan dalam internet dengan tujuan menyemarakkan semangat nasionalisme demi mengekalkan identiti nasional Melayu Patani dalam kalangan warganya agar mereka tidak pernah berputus asa bagi mencapai kemerdekaan. Puisi-puisi ini ditulis dalam bahasa Melayu dan disebar luaskan melalui laman blog dan media sosial. Bertitik tolak daripada itu, kajian ini akan menganalisis puisi-puisi perjuangan tersebut sebagai usaha untuk mengangkat kedaulatan bangsa Melayu Patani dengan lebih lanjut. Kajian ini akan dilakukan dengan kaedah analisis tekstual terhadap puisi-puisi yang ditemui dalam internet. Seterusnya, teori nasionalisme yang terkait dengan aksi dan agenda revolusioner juga akan digunakan bagi memastikan analisis tekstual yang dilakukan lebih bersifat objektif. Kaedah kepustakaan turutlah diaplikasikan dalam kajian ini bagi mendapatkan data-data berkaitan konflik yang berlaku di Patani. Kajian ini penting bagi memahami situasi sebenar yang berlaku di Patani dan juga memperlihatkan puisi dalam internet sebagai ejen penyebaran semangat nasionalisme sekali gus membuktikan bahawa puisi melalui kritikan mampu menggerakkan sebuah revolusi bangsa.
UNSUR KONFLIK DALAM KARTUN ‘AKU BUDAK MINANG’: KAJIAN DARI PERSPEKTIF PSIKOLOGI
Authors: Yahya Maizatul Azura , Ahmad Ainal Akmar , Hashim Nasihah , Johari Arina
Published: January 2023

Dalam konteks kehidupan, umum sedia maklum bahawa manusia tidak terlepas daripada menghadapi masalah hidup yang antara lain penyebab tercetusnya konflik. Golongan yang amat terdedah kepada konflik ialah golongan remaja. Ini kerana, remaja ialah golongan yang beremosi disebabkan jiwa golongan ini sangat mudah tersentuh sekiranya tersalah didik. Mewakili watak-watak manusia dalam realiti, setiap watak kartun yang dihasilkan merupakan cerminan daripada pandangan umum tentang perihal positif dan negatif yang berlaku dalam masyarakat. Sama seperti karya sastera yang lain, penceritaan dalam kartun juga sedikit sebanyak turut mengetengahkan isu berkaitan konflik yang berlaku dalam kehidupan harian masyarakat yang boleh dijadikan iktibar oleh golongan remaja. Namun, kajian isu konflik dalam kartun masih kurang dilakukan. Disebabkan inilah, maka artikel ini dihasilkan untuk membicarakan tentang konflik keluarga dan masyarakat yang dipaparkan menerusi kompilasi kartun ‘Aku Budak Minang’ karya popular kartunis legenda negara, Ujang. Objektif artikel ini ialah mengklasifikasikan dan menganalisis unsur konflik yang terdapat dalam kartun ‘Aku Budak Minang’ daripada perspektif psikologi menggunakan teori Humanistik Abraham Maslow. Kajian ini telah menggunakan kaedah analisis kandungan dan kajian kepustakaan untuk mendapatkan data yang sesuai dan bertepatan dengan objektif kajian. Hasil kajian mendapati teks kartun ini menyentuh tentang aspek konflik seperti konflik keluarga, konflik diri dan konflik rakan sebaya. Daripada penelitian yang dilakukan juga mendapati bahawa konflik yang berlaku kepada watak mampu ditangani oleh remaja yang berkonflik apabila mereka melihatnya dari sudut yang positif. Analisis yang dilakukan juga mendapati bahawa Ujang berjaya memberikan gambaran tentang masyarakat berdasarkan paparan konflik semasa dalam karyanya ini.
HATI BUDI MELAYU SEBAGAI SIMBOL PERADABAN MASYARAKAT: ANALISIS KATA FOKUS “ILMU” BERDASARKAN TEORI MEDAN MAKNA
Authors: Che Rodi Rozita
Published: January 2023

Tumpuan perbahasan dalam artikel ini ialah huraian tentang konsep hati budi Melayu dan dua puluh enam komponennya, sebagai teras pembentukan keperibadian sosial yang dimiliki oleh orang Melayu secara arus perdana. Tertunjang dalam dua puluh enam komponen hati budi Melayu ini ialah nilai murni Melayu yang boleh dianggap sebagai simbol budaya asas pembentukan peradabannya. Definisi hati budi Melayu, nilai murni, dan simbol budaya akan dihuraikan sepenuhnya. Juga akan dibincangkan siapa orang Melayu, pandangan alam sarwajagatnya dan falsafah pembangunannya. Perbincangan secara terperinci akan dilakukan tentang kata fokus dan kata kunci, dengan perkataan “ilmu” diambil sebagai contoh, sehingga terbentuk lingkungan-lingkungan konsepsi bagi dua puluh enam komponen hati budi Melayu itu. Sebagai kesimpulan, dibincangkan secara ringkas kepentingan konsep hati budi Melayu dalam pengajian Melayu tentang masyarakat Melayu. Kaedah penyelidikan terdiri daripada pengutipan data melalui kajian perpustakaan, analisis data berdasarkan analisis teks menggunakan teori medan makna yang dipelopori oleh Trier (1931), yang seterusnya diterapkan oleh Izutsu (1964) dalam penyelidikannnya tentang kata kunci dalam al-Qur’an yang berkaitan dengan weltanschauung al-Quran. Syed M. Naquib al-Attas (1970) telah menggunakan teori medan makna ini untuk mengkaji fahaman tasawuf atau mistisisme Hamzah Fansuri seorang ulama dan ahli sufi Melayu yang hidup di Aceh pada akhir abad ke-16 Masihi, iaitu berdasarkan beberapa karya beliau. Hati budi Melayu merupakan unsur teras dalam pembentukan keperibadian sosial orang Melayu secara arus perdana yang terhasil daripada pengalaman yang dikongsi bersama oleh masyarakatnya dalam menjalankan penghidupan dan membina peradaban mereka.
Analyzing health of forcibly displaced communities through an integrated ecological lens
Authors: Tarnas Maia , Ching Carly , Lamb Joleah , Parker Daniel , Zaman Muhammad
Published: January 2023

Healthcare among forcibly displaced persons is frequently driven by siloed approaches. Aspects of the built environment, social factors, and the bi-directional relationship between the changing ecosystem and residents are often ignored in health policy design and implementation. While recognizing factors that create a preference for siloed approaches and appreciating the work of humanitarian agencies, we argue for a new data-driven and holistic approach to understand the health of the forcibly displaced. It should be rooted in the realities of the emergence of new diseases, dynamic demographics, and degrading environments around the displaced communities. Such an approach envisions refugee and internally displaced camps as dynamic and complex ecosystems that alter, and are altered by, spatial and temporal factors. At the root of this approach is the necessity to work across disciplines, to think holistically, to go beyond treating single ailments, and to develop ethical approaches that provide dignity to those who are forcibly displaced.
Community Organizing of Victims of Human Trafficking in Kulon Progo: Road to An Integrated Approach Against Oppression
Authors:   Prodi Magister Ilmu Pemerintahan, STPMD “APMD”, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Widayanti Sri
Published: January 2023

The discourse on human trafficking and the efforts to overcome it are crucial issues that has received public attention in Indonesia and all around the globe. However, different perspectives among experts, activists and organizations gave rise to different approaches in analyzing the source of the problem, what is seen as the problem, and the intervention to solve the problem. This research focuses on community organizing of women victims of human trafficking as the approach which has been implemented to challenge oppression by Mitra Wacana Women Resource Center in Kabupaten Kulon Progo, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. This qualitative study is aimed to explore their perspectives on defining human trafficking and its complexities, their analysis of its causes and the intervention method. The theory of anti-oppressive is applied to analyze the data and findings within this research, which results in three main points; first, Mitra Wacana’s critical awareness raises a comprehensive perspective on the complexity of the human trafficking issue by identifying the community as victims of a discriminatory and exploitative system. Second, organizing ex-migrant workers in Pusat Pembelajaran Perempuan dan Anak/P3A (Learning Center for Women and Children) is applied as the approach to strengthen rights-based capacity for the Kulon Progo community. Third, an integrated approach against oppression within human trafficking tried to synergize three levels of personal, cultural and structural approach. In the case of human trafficking in Kulon Progo, the integrated approach consists of public education, information development, and policy advocacy on humanity issues by involving the organization of ex-migrant workers.
THE EFFECT OF POLYOXIDONIUM ON THE IMMUNOMORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SPLEEN AND THE DISTRIBUTION OF LARVAE OF TRICHINELLA SPIRALIS (OWEN, 1835) IN THE MUSCLES OF WHITE MICE WITH EXPERIMENTAL TRICHINOSIS
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute of Parasitology – branch of VNIIEV named after K.I. Scriabin and Ya.R. Kovalenko, Zhdanova O.B. ,   Department of Physiology “Vyatka State Agrotechnological University", Rudneva O.V. ,   3Centre for Strategic Planning of FMBA of Russia, Uspensky A.V. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Parasitology – branch of VNIIEV named after K.I. Scriabin and Ya.R. Kovalenko, Malysheva N.S. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Parasitology – branch of VNIIEV named after K.I. Scriabin and Ya.R. Kovalenko
Published: January 2023

The study of the reaction of the organs of the immune system to the introduction of immunomodulators in parasitosis is extremely relevant. Previous studies have studied the role of lymphoid tissue associated with the intestine in trichinosis, in this study special attention is paid to the organ of immunogenesis, which plays an important role in the formation of humoral and cellular immunity – the spleen. The aim of the research was to study morphological changes in the structure of lymphoid tissue associated with the intestine and spleen in trichinosis and against the background of immunocorrection of the invasive process with polyoxidonium. Key words: immunomodulator, red pulp, white pulp, lymphoid tissue.
Clarke, Bruce. (2020). Gaian Systems: Lynn Margulis, Neocybernetics, and the End of the Anthropocene
Authors: Gough Noel
Published: January 2023

Clarke, Bruce. (2020). Gaian Systems: Lynn Margulis, Neocybernetics, and the End of the Anthropocene. University of Minnesota Press. ISBN 978-1517909123
Tax burden on labour income of young persons
Authors: Ivica Urban
Published: January 2023

Systematic reduction of the tax burden on labour income in the period between 2014 and 2021 led to a drop in the average tax wedge by 4.2 percentage points. The analysis by age group shows that persons under the age of 30 experienced a larger reduction of the average tax wedge than the other age groups, primarily due to the introduction of reliefs for young workers in the systems of social insurance contributions and personal income tax.
Modelación matemática de la hylocereus undatus (Haworth) D.R. Hunt (pitahaya) para el aprovechamiento agroindustrial en el Ecuador
Authors: González Juan Elías , Robles Campo Morillo , Mullo Pablo Sebastián , Chinkim Papue Juan Carlos , Morocho Q Jennifer Vanesa , Casco G Erika Clara
Published: January 2023

Introducción. Los productos hortofrutícolas de la amazonia ecuatoriana, los cambios, tecnológicos, las transformaciones actuales y las exigencias del mercado nacional e internacional, atribuyen a una dinámica productiva a la normativa del CODEX STAN 237-2003. Y se enfoca en la modelación matemática para resolver los problemas del aprovechamiento industrial que acarrean en el comercio. El Objetivo. Desarrollar la modelación matemática basado en parámetros de volumen, densidad, peso de sus componentes principales de la fruta exótica entera con su categorización de la Hylocereus undatus (Haworth) D.R. Hunt (pitahaya). Metodología se desarrolló en los dos cantones Pastaza y Provincia, Cantón Palora de la provincia de Morona Santiago, considerando su potencial productivo y las Normas del Codex Alimentario y Colombiana I CONTEC. La aplicación fue según la categorización, para el cálculo integral con balances de masas, volumen y densidad mediante análisis estadístico obtenido. Resultados. El modelo matemático fue en base a sus categorías extra, primera, segunda y residuo de volumen y masa, obteniendo las medias y el coeficiente de variación del 6.05% y con un margen confiabilidad del 99 % y con R2 ajustado del 98%. Logrando la obtención de nueve fórmulas matemáticas con todas sus constantes (25 – 35), y con una alta confiabilidad del 99%, para su aprovechamiento industrial de esta materia prima, por parte de productores, comerciantes e industriales y estudiantes interesado en esta investigación desarrollada en la amazonia ecuatoriana.
الاعلام التلفزيوني الاقتصادي وتشكيل اتجاهات الجمهور
Authors: الحمداني عمر عايد عبد , راضي وسام فاضل
Published: January 2023

يهدف البحث الى معرفة دور الإعلام التلفزيوني الاقتصادي في تشكيل اتجاهات الجمهور، ويسعى البحث إلى فهم نوع العلاقة بين اعتماد جمهور النخبة الاقتصادية على نشرات الأخبار والآثار المعرفية المترتبة عليه، لذا فقد تركزت مشكلة الدراسة بالكشف عن علاقة نشرات الاخبار ودورها في تشكيل الاتجاهات لفئة مهمة من فئات المجتمع العراقي ألا وهي فئة النخبة الاقتصادية، وقد أعتمد البحث المنهج المسحي الوصفي للمدة من 1/3/2022 – 31/6/2022 ، وتم استخراج العينة وفق أسلوب العينة الطبقية النسبية بلغ قوامها (381) مفردة من المهتمين بمتابعة نشرات الأخبار من جمهور مدينة بغداد المركز، وقد خلص البحث إلى مجموعة من النتائج من ابرزها  اعتماد الجمهور بشكل كبير على نشرات الأخبار الاقتصادية بالحصول على الاخبار والمعلومات، إذ أشار لها (63%) من المبحوثين المشاركين ضمن عينة البحث .
التغطية الصحفية للازمات
Authors: حسين غضيب ظمياء
Published: January 2023

يعد الإعلام احد العوامل الرئيسة والفاعلة، وأداة من أدوات تجهيزات إدارة الأزمات، فالإعلام احد أسلحة العصر الحديث وأشدها خطورة وفاعلية وحسما في الصراعات الدولية، وأداة لصنع الأحداث والتأثير على مجرياتها واتجاهاتها كوسيلة لنقل أخبارها، وذلك لما يتوفر للإعلام من قدرات هائلة تساعد على انتقاله بسرعة كبيرة، واجتيازه للحدود، وتخطي العوائق، عبر العديد من الوسائل المسموعة والمقروءة والمرئية، ولما له من قدرة على التأثير النفسي على الأفراد والسيطرة الفكرية على المجتمعات، وتوجيه السلوكيات، ومن ثم استخدام الإعلام بذكاء في إدارة الأزمات وتغطيتها. ووجدت الأزمات مع وجود الإنسان على الأرض، وجاء حدوثها مواكبا لتلك الأنشطة المختلفة التي مارسها على هذا الكوكب، فعلى المستوى الفردي تشكل بعض الأزمات خطرا بالغا على حياة الإنسان وممتلكاته. أما على مستوى الدولة فقد تؤدي الأزمات إلى حدوث آثار واضحة، فهي إلى جانب زيادة أعبائها ومسؤولياتها قد تؤدي إلى إحداث تغيير جذري في الأوضاع الاقتصادية والسياسية والاجتماعية بما يهدد كيانها أو يعرضها لتبعات تخرج عن نطاق تحملها وحدود إمكانياتها، لذا أصبح موضوع الأزمات بشتى أنواعها من ابرز الموضوعات التي يهتم بها الباحثين، لاسيما بتنوع الأزمات وازدياد مخاطرها.. وأصبحت كل الدول بلا استثناء عرضة لان تكون مسرحا لوقوع أي نوع من أنواع الأزمات. فالأزمات أصبحت جزء لا يتجزأ من نسيج الحياة المعاصرة.. الأمر الذي يدفع إلى الاهتمام بسلم إدارة الأزمات. على الرغم من أن إعلام الأزمات يعد أحد المجالات البحثية التي نالت اهتمام الباحثين والمتخصصين الإعلاميين في الجامعات ومراكز البحث الأوروبية والأمريكية منذ أكثر من أربعة عقود من الزمن وتبلورت مفاهيمه النظرية وتطبيقاته العملية إلا أن الدراسات العربية في مجال علاقة الإعلام بالأزمات السياسية والأحداث الأمنية لم تظهر بشكل ملحوظ إلا بعد عقد الثمانينيات الميلادية من القرن الماضي ( 1 ) وحتى بعد ظهور هذا النوع من الدراسات الإعلامية المتخصصة فإن ما هو موجود منها إنما يمثل بدايات تحتاج إلى مزيد من البحث والدراسة من ناحية والربط بين مجالاتها النظرية والتطبيقية من ناحية أخرى ( 2 ) وما هو موجود في الواقع إنما هو امتداد طبيعي لما هو سائد في نظريات ونماذج التأثير الإعلامي ( 3 ) التي سبقت هذا النوع من الدراسات المتخصصة .
PROPOLİS EKSTRAKTI BİTKİSEL YAĞLARIN OKSİDATİF STABİLİTESİNİ İYİLEŞTİRMEK İÇİN DOĞAL BİR ANTİOKSİDAN OLARAK ÖNERİLEBİLİR
Authors: ERDOĞAN Ümit
Published: January 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, propolisin ultrasonik destekli etanolik ekstraktının, fenolik bileşenleri ve toplam antioksidan kapasitesi ayrıntılı olarak tartışılmıştır. Çalışmamızın diğer bir amacı da propolis ekstraktlarının, zeytinyağı lipid oksidasyonu üzerindeki etkilerini sentetik antioksidanlara (BHA, BHT) kıyasla hızlandırılmış termal koşullar altında yapılan testlerle ortaya koymaktır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Propolis ekstraktının toplam antioksidan kapasitesini CUPRAC metoduna göre belirledik. Propolisin fenolik bileşiklerin tanımlanması ise ters fazlı yüksek performanslı sıvı kromatografisi (RP-HPLC) kullanılarak gerçekleştirildi. Hızlandırılmış depolama koşulları altında, propolisin sızma zeytin yağının oksidatif stabilitesi üzerindeki etkisinin belirlenmesi shall oven testine göre analiz edildi.

Sonuç ve Tartışma: Sonuçlar propolisin fenolik bileşenler açısından zengin olduğunu ortaya koydu. CUPRAC tahliline göre propolis ekstraktının toplam antioksidan kapasitesi 2.013 ± 0.03 mmol TR/g-propolis ekstraktı olarak hesaplandı. Dahil edilen propolis ekstraktlı yağlar, daha düşük peroksit değeri ve kısmen azaltılmış tokoferol içeriği de dahil olmak üzere çok daha iyi kimyasal stabilite sergiledi. Veriler, propolis ekstraktının zeytinyağının oksidasyonunu geciktirmede BHA ve BHT gibi sentetik antioksidanlara kıyasla daha etkili olduğunu gösterdi.
ANTIVIRAL İLAÇLARIN HASTANE ENFEKSIYON ETKENI PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA ÜZERINDE SINERJISTIK ETKISININ ARAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Şükran
Published: January 2023

Amaç: Yaygın hastane enfeksiyon ajanı olan Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa)’ nın tedavisi için antiviral ilaçlar ile antibiyotiklerin kombinasyon olarak kullanılmaları sonucunda oluşan sinerjistik etkinliği araştırılmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Antiviral ilaçların etken maddesi olan Umifenovir (UMF) ve Ribavirin (RBV) ile yaptığımız çalışmada Çok İlaca Dirençli (ÇİD) ve Kolistin (KOL) dirençli P. aeruginosa klinik izolatları kullanılmıştır. P. aeruginosa üzerinde, UMF ve RBV’ nin ayrı ayrı minimal inhibisyon katsayılarına (MİK) mikrodilüsyon yöntemi ile, KOL ve Sulbaktam (SUL) ile sinerjistik etkinliğine ise dama tahtası sinerji testi ile bakılmıştır.
Sonuç ve Tartışma: Dirençli suşlarda, RBV ile KOL ve SUL kombinasyonlarında sinerji ve kısmi sinerji oluşurken (FİK = 0.375-0.75), ATCC 27853 suşu ile yapılan çalışmada indeferans ve aditif (FİK= 1.0-2.0) etkileşimin daha yoğun olduğu görülmüştür. UMF ile KOL ve SUL kombinasyonlarında ise sinerji ve kısmi sinerjiler (FİK=0.53-0.75) dikkat çekerken, ATCC 27853 suşlarında aditif (FİK=1.0) etki tespit edilmiştir. Sonuçlar değerlendirildiğinde UMF ve RBV’ nin KOL ve SUL ile kombinasyon kullanımlarının dirençli suşlar üzerinde daha etkin olduğu görülmüş olup, kombinasyonların dirençli hastane enfeksiyon etkenlerinin tedavisinde alternatif bir seçenek olarak kullanılabileceği fikrini ortaya koymuştur
A Case of Lance-Adams Syndrome Post Life-Threatening Bronchial Asthma
Authors: Kim Heng Shee
Published: January 2023

Lance-Adams syndrome (LAS) is a rare complication that occurs after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation, in which myoclonus appears rapidly upon recovery from the severe hypoxic event. To date, <150 cases have been reported. The author reports a case of a 43-year-old male who presented with cardiorespiratory collapse as a result of life-threatening bronchial asthma that required 10 minutes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. He was intubated and haemodynamically supported with inotropes for 4 days. Post-extubation, he developed progressively worsening action myoclonus involving limbs, trunk, and speech. His mini-mental state examination (MMSE) was 16/30. All his metabolic, infective, and neuroimaging screenings, including CT and MRI of the brain, were normal. He was diagnosed with LAS due to the classical onset and semiology. Clonazepam and sodium valproate were started, with piracetam added later. He showed marked functional improvement after the treatment. He was able to walk with walking-frame and MMSE improved to 26/30; however, minimal dysarthria persisted. Early and accurate diagnosis is of paramount importance for disability limitation; however, management of LAS can be challenging as high-quality, evidence-based treatment has not been established. This case highlights the importance of retaining high clinical suspicion in diagnosing LAS. Given its typical history and presentation, the diagnosis can be made confidently.
A Case of Empyema and a Review of Practice in a District General Hospital
Authors: Aujayeb Avinash , Conroy Kevin
Published: January 2023

The authors describe an empyema in an immunosuppressed patient. Thoracentesis was attempted and only 60 mL of pus was obtained from her pleural space. She was treated as an outpatient with antibiotic therapy. The authors have recently performed a review of all cases of pleural infection between December 2016 and December 2017 in their trust, of which there were 36. Here, they describe failings that have now been addressed and which helped in managing this particular case. As a result of this review, the authors have developed a pleural procedure form that encompasses all of the recommendations from their case review.
Psychological Mechanism of Weight-Loss among Chinese Female College Students
Authors: Yang Lizhu , Li Xiaoxi , Shen Xiang , Jin Su , Wang Aimin
Published: January 2023

Objectives: Given the high pressure of weight-loss face by Chinese female college students and the lack of studies on the psychological mechanism of the weight-loss behaviors of this particular group, the present study investigated the interrelationships among the planning, self-regulation, and volitional self-efficacy, which were identified as the most significant three factors influencing the weight-loss of this population.Methods: Five hundred (n=500) female college students were recruited from three colleges in China. The collected data include participants’ planning, self-regulation, volitional self-efficacy, and weight-loss result. Wen, Zhang, Hou, & Liu’s (2004) three-step procedure was adopted to test the mediating effects of self-regulation and volitional self-efficacy, respectively, between planning and weight-loss result.Results: The mediating effects of self-regulation and volitional self-efficacy were confirmed. Based upon those, a recursive model was proposed to show a joint impact from the interrelated planning, self-regulation, and volitional self-efficacy to weight-loss result.Discussion: This study gained an in-depth understanding of both direct and indirect influences between planning to weight-loss. The recursive model sheds light on the potential promoting effect of the planning to weight-loss result through an enhanced self-regulation and volitional self-efficacy. The found psychological mechanism of Chinese female college students’ weight-loss behaviors pave the road for the studies of intervention.
Neuromapping olfactory stimulation using magnetoencephalography - visualizing smell, a proof-of-concept study
Authors: Tarfa Rahilla , Yu Sophie E. , Ahmed Omar H. , Moore John A. , Bruña Ricardo , Velasquez Nathalia , Poplawsky Alexander J. , Coffman Brian A. , Lee Stella E.
Published: January 2023

Importance

Currently, clinical assessment of olfaction is largely reliant on subjective methods that require patient participation. The objective method for measuring olfaction, using electroencephalogram (EEG) readings, can be supplemented with the improved temporal resolution of magnetoencephalography (MEG) for olfactory measurement that can delineate cortical and peripheral olfactory loss. MEG provides high temporal and spatial resolution which can enhance our understanding of central olfactory processing compared to using EEG alone.

Objective

To determine the feasibility of building an in-house portable olfactory stimulator paired with electrophysiological neuroimaging technique with MEG to assess olfaction in the clinical setting.

Design, setting and participants

This proof-of-concept study utilized a paired MEG-olfactometer paradigm to assess olfaction in three normosmic participants. We used a two-channel olfactory stimulator to deliver odorants according to a programmed stimulus-rest paradigm. Two synthetic odorants: 2% phenethyl alcohol (rose) and 0.5% amyl acetate (banana) were delivered in increasing increments of time followed by periods of rest. Cortical activity was measured via a 306-channel MEG system.

Main outcomes and measures

Primary outcome measure was the relative spectral power for each frequency band, which was contrasted between rest and olfactory stimulation.

Results

Compared to rest, olfactory stimulation produced a 40% increase in relative alpha power within the olfactory cortex bilaterally with both odorants. A 25%–30% increase in relative alpha power occurred in the left orbitofrontal cortex and precentral gyrus with phenethyl alcohol stimulation but not amyl acetate.

Conclusion and relevance

In this proof-of-concept study, we demonstrate the feasibility of olfactory measurement via an olfactometer-MEG paradigm. We found that odorant-specific cortical signatures can be identified using this paradigm, setting the basis for further investigation of this system as a prognostic tool for olfactory loss.
Eosinophilic cystitis refractory to steroids successfully treated with benralizumab: A case report
Authors: Konstantinou George N. , Voukelatou Vasiliki
Published: January 2023

We report a case of a 66-year-old male diagnosed with refractory to oral corticosteroids eosinophilic cystitis (EoC). Hematuria was the first and only sign of the disease that was otherwise asymptomatic, and the only abnormal lab finding he had was peripheral eosinophilia (700 cells/μl). Due to cardiovascular issues, an invasive surgical procedure was declined. As an alternative, benralizumab, an anti-IL-5Rα monoclonal antibody with anti-eosinophilic properties, was administered. The patient responded rapidly with clinical and histological complete remission of the EoC four months after benralizumab started. He continued benralizumab 30 mg Q4-weeks for 12 months without experiencing any side effects. Six months after the last dose, he is completely healthy with no peripheral eosinophilia. EoC is a rare condition with no standardized treatment. Those with corticosteroid-refractory EoC are eligible for surgery. Benralizumab has an excellent safety profile; therefore, it should be considered before deciding on invasive surgical procedures in selected, refractory to non-specific treatment cases, especially with EoC of unclear etiology. It is unclear if benralizumab may immunomodulate the unknown underlying mechanisms of EoC, considering that EoC did not relapse after benralizumab was deemed eliminated. Further studies are needed to investigate this possibility.
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells contribute to myogenesis in a 3D bioengineered system of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and myoblasts
Authors: Scala Pasqualina , Manzo Paola , Lamparelli Erwin Pavel , Lovecchio Joseph , Ciardulli Maria Camilla , Giudice Valentina , Selleri Carmine , Giordano Emanuele , Rehak Laura , Maffulli Nicola , Della Porta Giovanna
Published: January 2023

In this work, a 3D environment obtained using fibrin scaffold and two cell populations, such as bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), and primary skeletal muscle cells (SkMs), was assembled. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) fraction obtained after blood filtration with HemaTrate® filter was then added to the 3D culture system to explore their influence on myogenesis. The best cell ratio into a 3D fibrin hydrogel was 1:1 (BM-MSCs plus SkMs:PBMCs) when cultured in a perfusion bioreactor; indeed, excellent viability and myogenic event induction were observed. Myogenic genes were significantly overexpressed when cultured with PBMCs, such as MyoD1 of 118-fold at day 14 and Desmin 6-fold at day 21. Desmin and Myosin Heavy Chain were also detected at protein level by immunostaining along the culture. Moreover, the presence of PBMCs in 3D culture induced a significant downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression, such as IL6. This smart biomimetic environment can be an excellent tool for investigation of cellular crosstalk and PBMC influence on myogenic processes.
Creep-recovery behaviors of articular cartilage under uniaxial and biaxial tensile loadings
Authors: Gao Lilan , Liu Gang , Tan Yansong , Li Ruixin , Zhang Chunqiu , Gao Hong , Zhao Bingjie
Published: January 2023

Creep deformation in cartilage can be observed under physiological loads in daily activities such as standing, single-leg lunge, the stance phase of gait. If not fully recovered in time, it may induce irreversible damage in cartilage and further lead to early osteoarthritis. In this study, 36 cruciform-shape samples in total from 18 bulls were employed to conduct the uniaxial and biaxial creep-recovery tests by using a biaxial cyclic testing system. Effects of stress level (σ = .5, 1.0, 1.5 MPa) and biaxial stress ratio (B = 0, .3, .5, 1.0) on creep-recovery behaviors of cartilage were characterized. And then, a viscoelastic constitutive model was employed to predict its creep-recovery behaviors. The results showed that the creep strain and its three components, namely instantaneous elastic strain, delayed elastic strain and viscous flow strain, increase with the increasing stress level or with the decreasing biaxial stress ratio. Compared with uniaxial creep-recovery, biaxial creep-recovery exhibits a smaller creep strain, a faster recovery rate of creep strain and a smaller residual strain. Besides, the built viscoelastic model can be used to describe the uniaxial creep-recovery behaviors of cartilage as a good correlation between the fitted results and test results is achieved. The findings are expected to provide new insights into understanding normal joint function and cartilage pathology.
Advances in the application of Raman spectroscopy in haematological tumours
Authors: Liang Haoyue , Shi Ruxue , Wang Haoyu , Zhou Yuan
Published: January 2023

Hematologic malignancies are a diverse collection of cancers that affect the blood, bone marrow, and organs. They have a very unpredictable prognosis and recur after treatment. Leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma are the most prevalent symptoms. Despite advancements in chemotherapy and supportive care, the incidence rate and mortality of patients with hematological malignancies remain high. Additionally, there are issues with the clinical diagnosis because several hematological malignancies lack defined, systematic diagnostic criteria. This work provided an overview of the fundamentals, benefits, and limitations of Raman spectroscopy and its use in hematological cancers. The alterations of trace substances can be recognized using Raman spectroscopy. High sensitivity, non-destructive, quick, real-time, and other attributes define it. Clinicians must promptly identify disorders and keep track of analytes in biological fluids. For instance, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy is employed in diagnosing gene mutations in myelodysplastic syndromes due to its high sensitivity and multiple detection benefits. Serum indicators for multiple myeloma have been routinely used for detection. The simultaneous observation of DNA strand modifications and the production of new molecular bonds by tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy is of tremendous significance for diagnosing lymphoma and multiple myeloma with unidentified diagnostic criteria.
Terahertz refractive phenotype of living cells
Authors: Zhang Guangxu , Wang Yadi , Qian Jiang , Wang Yue , Li Xueling , Lü Junhong
Published: January 2023

Cellular refractive index is a vital phenotypic parameter for understanding the cell functional activities. So far, there remains technical challenges to obtain refractive index of viable cells at the terahertz frequency in which contains rich information closely related to their physiological status. Here we introduce a label-free optical platform for interrogating cellular phenotypes to measure the refractive index of living cells in near-physiological environments by using terahertz spectroscopy with the combination of cellular encapsulation in a confined solution droplet. The key technical feature with cells encapsulated in aqueous droplets allows for keeping cellular viability while eliminating the strong adsorption of solvent water to terahertz signal. The obtained high signal-to-noise ratio enables to differentiate different cell types (e.g., E. coli, stem cell and cancer cell) and their states under stress conditions. The integrating of terahertz spectroscopy to droplet microfluidic further realizes automated and high-through sample preparation and detection, providing a practical toolkit for potential application in cellular health evaluation and phenotypic drug discovery.
Targeting and functional effects of biomaterials-based nanoagents for acute pancreatitis treatment
Authors: Cai Yujie , Cao Qian , Li Jiannan , Liu Tongjun
Published: January 2023

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a severe life-threatening inflammatory disease showing primary characteristics of excessive inflammatory response and oxidative stress. Based on the pathophysiology of AP, several anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress agents have been studied. However, the low accumulated concentrations and scattered biodistributions limit the application of these agents. With the development of nanotechnology, functional nanomaterials can improve the bioavailability of drugs and extend their half-life by reducing immunogenicity to achieve targeted drug delivery. The biomaterial-based carriers can mediate the passive or active delivery of drugs to the target site for improved therapeutic effects, such as anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation for AP treatment. Other biomaterials-based nanomedicine may exhibit different functions with/without targeting effects. In this review, we have summarized the targeting and functional effects of biomaterials-based nanoagents specifically for AP treatment.
Seismic risk reduction through retrofitting of school masonry buildings from Romania
Authors: Scupin Alexandra , Văcăreanu Radu
Published: January 2023

Retrofitting the existing building stock is needed since it can cause significant losses as in case of a damaging earthquake, particularly in structures used for public services, such as schools. Effective and optimal seismic retrofitting measures applied to existing masonry constructions should arise from a strong understanding of the vulnerabilities associated with each structural typology and construction practice. Using representative structural configurations of the masonry buildings used in the education sector from Romania, the paper aims to evaluate the seismic risk associated to the existing buildings and to support informed decision-making for seismic retrofitting measures. Starting from a broad database of school masonry buildings, potential losses were evaluated considering two seismic hazard scenarios. For an earthquake having a 63% exceedance probability in 50 years, losses estimated for the education sector comprising masonry structures reached almost 240 mil. € and 2,500 potential casualties. For highlighting that investments in retrofitting masonry structures from the education sector lead to significant reductions of potential losses, prioritization criteria were proposed and cost–benefit analysis was carried out for about 15,000 buildings. Results are presented through graphs and maps that illustrate the distribution of annual failure probabilities at the national level. Therefore, the methodology proposed and the results presented in this paper can represent a valuable tool for substantiating public policies aiming at reducing the seismic risk, in particular for existing masonry structures.
The β2-adrenergic receptor in the apical membrane of intestinal enterocytes senses sugars to stimulate glucose uptake from the gut
Authors: Paulussen Frederik , Kulkarni Chetan P. , Stolz Frank , Lescrinier Eveline , De Graeve Stijn , Lambin Suzan , Marchand Arnaud , Chaltin Patrick , In't Veld Peter , Mebis Joseph , Tavernier Jan , Van Dijck Patrick , Luyten Walter , Thevelein Johan M.
Published: January 2023

The presence of sugar in the gut causes induction of SGLT1, the sodium/glucose cotransporter in intestinal epithelial cells (enterocytes), and this is accompanied by stimulation of sugar absorption. Sugar sensing was suggested to involve a G-protein coupled receptor and cAMP - protein kinase A signalling, but the sugar receptor has remained unknown. We show strong expression and co-localization with SGLT1 of the β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) at the enterocyte apical membrane and reveal its role in stimulating glucose uptake from the gut by the sodium/glucose-linked transporter, SGLT1. Upon heterologous expression in different reporter systems, the β2-AR responds to multiple sugars in the mM range, consistent with estimated gut sugar levels after a meal. Most adrenergic receptor antagonists inhibit sugar signaling, while some differentially inhibit epinephrine and sugar responses. However, sugars did not inhibit binding of I125-cyanopindolol, a β2-AR antagonist, to the ligand-binding site in cell-free membrane preparations. This suggests different but interdependent binding sites. Glucose uptake into everted sacs from rat intestine was stimulated by epinephrine and sugars in a β2-AR-dependent manner. STD-NMR confirmed direct physical binding of glucose to the β2-AR. Oral administration of glucose with a non-bioavailable β2-AR antagonist lowered the subsequent increase in blood glucose levels, confirming a role for enterocyte apical β2-ARs in stimulating gut glucose uptake, and suggesting enterocyte β2-AR as novel drug target in diabetic and obese patients. Future work will have to reveal how glucose sensing by enterocytes and neuroendocrine cells is connected, and whether β2-ARs mediate glucose sensing also in other tissues.
Contribution of large-pore channels to inflammation induced by microorganisms
Authors: Vega José L. , Gutiérrez Camila , Rojas Mauro , Güiza Juan , Sáez Juan C.
Published: January 2023

Plasma membrane ionic channels selectively permeate potassium, sodium, calcium, and chloride ions. However, large-pore channels are permeable to ions and small molecules such as ATP and glutamate, among others. Large-pore channels are structures formed by several protein families with little or no evolutionary linkages including connexins (Cxs), pannexins (Panxs), innexin (Inxs), unnexins (Unxs), calcium homeostasis modulator (CALHMs), and Leucine-rich repeat-containing 8 (LRRC8) proteins. Large-pore channels are key players in inflammatory cell response, guiding the activation of inflammasomes, the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1ß), and the release of adenosine-5′-triphosphate (ATP), which is considered a danger signal. This review summarizes our current understanding of large-pore channels and their contribution to inflammation induced by microorganisms, virulence factors or their toxins.
A review of transport models in charged porous electrodes
Authors: Gabitto Jorge Federico , Tsouris Costas
Published: January 2023

There is increased interest in many different processes based upon interactions between a charged solid surface and a liquid electrolyte. Energy storage in capacitive porous materials, ionic membranes, capacitive deionization (CDI) for water desalination, capacitive energy generation, removal of heavy ions from wastewater streams, and geophysical applications are some examples of these processes. Process development is driven by the production of porous materials with increasing surface area. Understanding of the physical phenomena occurring at the charged solid-electrolyte interface will significantly improve the design and development of more effective applied processes. The goal of this work is to critically review the current knowledge in the field. The focus is on concepts behind different models. We start by briefly presenting the classical electrical double layer (EDL) models in flat surfaces. Then, we discuss models for porous materials containing macro-, meso-, and micro-pores. Some of the current models for systems comprising two different pore sizes are also included. Finally, we discuss the concepts behind the most common models used for ionic transport and Faradaic processes in porous media. The latter models are used for simulation of electrosorption processes in porous media.
Generating a conformational landscape of ubiquitin chains at atomistic resolution by back-mapping based sampling
Authors: Hunkler Simon , Buhl Teresa , Kukharenko Oleksandra , Peter Christine
Published: January 2023

Ubiquitin chains are flexible multidomain proteins that have important biological functions in cellular signalling. Computational studies with all-atom molecular dynamics simulations of the conformational spaces of polyubiquitins can be challenging due to the system size and a multitude of long-lived meta-stable states. Coarse graining is an efficient approach to overcome this problem—at the cost of losing high-resolution details. Recently, we proposed the back-mapping based sampling (BMBS) approach that reintroduces atomistic information into a given coarse grained (CG) sampling based on a two-dimensional (2D) projection of the conformational landscape, produces an atomistic ensemble and allows to systematically compare the ensembles at the two levels of resolution. Here, we apply BMBS to K48-linked tri-ubiquitin, showing its applicability to larger systems than those it was originally introduced on and demonstrating that the algorithm scales very well with system size. In an extension of the original BMBS we test three different seeding strategies, i.e. different approaches from where in the CG landscape atomistic trajectories are initiated. Furthermore, we apply a recently introduced conformational clustering algorithm to the back-mapped atomistic ensemble. Thus, we obtain insight into the structural composition of the 2D landscape and illustrate that the dimensionality reduction algorithm separates different conformational characteristics very well into different regions of the map. This cluster analysis allows us to show how atomistic trajectories sample conformational states, move through the projection space and in sum converge to an atomistic conformational landscape that slightly differs from the original CG map, indicating a correction of flaws in the CG template.
Extracellular vesicles: Targeting the heart
Authors: Yin Xin , Jiang Li-Hong
Published: January 2023

Cardiovascular diseases rank the highest incidence and mortality worldwide. As the most common type of cardiovascular disease, myocardial infarction causes high morbidity and mortality. Recent studies have revealed that extracellular vesicles, including exosomes, show great potential as a promising cell-free therapy for the treatment of myocardial infarction. However, low heart-targeting efficiency and short plasma half-life have hampered the clinical translation of extracellular vesicle therapy. Currently, four major types of strategies aiming at enhancing target efficiency have been developed, including modifying EV surface, suppressing non-target absorption, increasing the uptake efficiency of target cells, and utilizing a hydrogel patch. This presented review summarizes the current research aimed at EV heart targeting and discusses the challenges and opportunities in EV therapy, which will be beneficial for the development of effective heart-targeting strategies.