bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nutritional Factors Affecting Reproduction and Practical Nutrition For Beef Cattle Ranchers
Authors: Corah Larry R.
Published: March 2023

Numerous factors will influence the reproductive efficiency of a commercial cow herd, but nutrition is one of the most important. Reproductive efficiency is more than just the percent of cows pregnant. It includes:1. Percent cows and heifers bred early in the breeding season2. Percent pregnancy3. Percent cows weaning a calf4. Percent beef females calving unassisted

Many factors influence each of these four factors, but nutrition will have a major effect on each of these items.
Interferon Activity in Bovine Colostrum and Milk
Authors: Jacobsen Karen L. , Arbtan Kaveh D. , Halper Jaroslava
Published: March 2023

Studies have shown that IFNs have potent immunologic (1,2) and antiviral (3,4) activity in both in vitro and in vivo testing in the bovine species. In calves given IFN orally, enteric disease due to rotavirus or mixed rotavirus and coronavirus infection was prevented or reduced(5). Interferons are also involved in immunity to protozoal infections (6), and a polypeptide with many characteristics similar to an alpha IFN has been identified that stimulated macrophages to inhibit intracellular development of Eimeria bovis (7). In preliminary studies, calves administered partially purified natural bovine alpha IFN intravenously had less coccidial diarrhea than control calves (8).

Although lymphocytes isolated from human colostrum and milk are capable of producing interferon ( IFN) when stimulated in vitro (9,10), assays of human colostrum and milk for IFN have usually yielded negative results (9-11). Since bovine peripheral blood lymphocytes, when stimulated with virus, are capable of producing alpha IFN (12), it would seem logical that these cells in mammary secretions would also have this ability. The only citation of the spontaneous occurrence of IFN in milk or colostrum from any species is a brief mention that a sample from one woman's breast milk contained antiviral activity (11). It was not known whether this woman was infected with a virus (11). It has been well documented, however, that when mother mice were inoculated with Newcastle disease virus, their milk contained measurable lFN (7). Furthermore, the newborns suckling such mothers had a significantly greater survival rate than that of controls after lethal challenge with vesicular stomatitis virus (7).

Since most mammalian infants have a lower incidence of neonatal disease when raised on maternal milk as opposed to milk replacer (13,14), it was hypothesized that interferons in mammary secretions may play an important role in neonatal immunity. Since bovine milk and colostrum had not been heretofore examined, the objective of this study was to determine whether IFN could be found in detectable levels in normal bovine colostrum and milk.
Epidemiology of Neospora caninum Infection in Québec Dairy Herds
Authors: Paré J. , Fecteau G. , Marsolais G. , Fortin M.
Published: March 2023

A case-control study was undertaken on 46 dairy herds located throughout the province of Quebec. Case herds (N=24) were herds that had a confirmed Neospora caninum abortion between 1993 and 1995. A questionnaire was administered on site to the dairyman to describe the management, feed storage, abortion history, herd health practices, calf health and presence of wild and domestic animals on the premises.
Field Trial Models For the Evaluation of Hairy Wart Treatment Products
Authors: Hemling Thomas C. , Lampe Joel
Published: March 2023

Hairy heel warts remain a major concern for dairy producers because of the effect on milk yield. Field test procedures have been developed for the evaluation of hairy wart treatment products. Potential treatment products are applied daily using a garden sprayer after pre-washing the affected area with water. Product application is done once a day for 10 days. The hairy heel wart is visually evaluated on a five part scale that includes: lesion size, description, pain, color, and swelling. Evaluation of the lesion is conducted daily to follow change in appearance of the lesion. Subjective scores are converted to a numerical index in order to develop a "total lesion score." These field trial methods are being used to develop non-antibiotic treatment products for hairy heel warts. Initial results indicate efficacy for an iodine formulation with high free iodine levels.
Effects of Early Treatment with Micotil on Animal Health and Performance of Stocker Cattle During Preconditioning and Winter Wheat Grazing
Authors: Mechor Gerald D. , Vogel Gary
Published: March 2023

Two studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of early treatment with Micotil on animal health and performance of calves at high risk of contracting Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) during the preconditioning period and also while grazing winter wheat pasture.
Impact of a Sustained-Release lvermectin Bolus on Weight Gain in Breeding age Holstein Heifers under Commercial Pasture Conditions
Authors: Caldwell Vincent , DesCôteaux Luc
Published: March 2023

A sustained-release ivermectin bolus which is available in Canada and European countries (IVOMEC® SR Bolus) has been proved efficient for the treatment and prevention of nematodes in growing beef and dairy cattle. However, its effect on growth in breeding age dairy heifers has not been demonstrated, which leaves practitioners in doubt in regions where heifers are often confined until breeding age and then turned to pasture.
Immunotherapy Efficacy of Mycobacteria Cell Wall Preparation (Immunoboost K™) in New Born Calves Artificialy Infected with Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli
Authors: Rogan D. , Elrafih M. , Culbert R.
Published: March 2023

Although physiologically developed, the immune system of a new born calf is often unable to cope with the wide array of microbial challenges to which it is exposed in the early stages of life. This vulnerability is primarily due to the prolonged lag phase before antibody syntheses. Passive immunity, in the form of colostral immunoglobulins is the natural defense mechanism to cope with those pathogens. However, colostrum does not always provide protection against a wide spectrum of pathogens. Primarly, this is due to the absence of specific antibodies or a low concentration of passively transported antibodies. It is obvious that new born calves required temporary help until they develop their own specific immune response.
Corticosteroids and glucose in bovine ketosis
Authors: Shpigel N. H. , Chen R. , Avidar Y. , Bogin E.
Published: March 2023

The relative efficacy of dexamethasone and flumethasone alone or in combination with rapid intravenous infusion of glucose was compared in the treatment of ketosis in 127 dairy cows in Isreal.

Full article published in Journal of American Veterinary Medical Association (1996) 208, 1702
Evaluation of New Diagnostic Tests to Predict Hypocalcemia in Mature Dairy Cows
Authors: DesCôteaux Luc , Krainock Randy , Lissemore Kerry
Published: March 2023

An observational study was conducted in 79 mature Holstein cows from 28 dairy farms selected from Ontario Veterinary College, Ruminant Field Service clients that participated in a monthly herd health program. The objectives were to describe the prevalence of hypocalcemia, to evaluate the history and the physical examination findings to predict hypocalcemia and to evaluate the power and the positive predictive value of the Withers Pinch Reaction (WPR) test as a new screening test.
Use of pirlimycin in a Streptococcus agalactiae eradication protocol
Authors: Keefe G. P.
Published: March 2023

Streptococcus agalactiae is a highly contagious obligate parasite of the bovine mammary gland. The epidemiology of the pathogen has been reviewed elsewhere.1 S. agalactiae continues to be a prevalent pathogen in the dairy industry in Canada and across North America.1 In Prince Edward Island (PEI), in 1994, 15% of herds were infected.2 Prevalence rates in the late 1980s and early 1990s in other parts of Canada have ranged from 11 % to 43%.1 In 1993 PEI dairy herds, infected with S. agalactiae, were 4 times more likely to get a milk quality penalty and 8 times more likely to lose Class 1 shipping status, due to repeat penalization, than culture negative herds.2 At that time, imposition of a milk quality penalty, on Class 1 shippers, cost average sized producers approximately $1150/month and loss of Class 1 status cost, on average, $10,000.3
IVOMEC® (ivermectin) SR Bolus
Authors: Guerrero Jorge
Published: March 2023

The IVOMEC SR Bolus is a novel formulation of ivermectin designed to deliver a sustained release of 12 mg ivermectin per day for 135 days. The IVOMEC SR Bolus contains 1. 72 gm of ivermectin in a multicrystalline wax and is administered by oral route for lodging in the reticulorumen. It is highly effective against existing sustained release of gastrointestinal roundworms, lungworms, mange mites, sucking lice, cattle grubs and the tick, Amblyomma americanum. In addition, the bolus provides grazing cattle with 135 days of protection from reinfection with gastrointestinal roundworms and lungworms, as well as certain arthropod parasites. The IVOMEC SR Bolus is recommended for use in ruminating calves, older than 12 weeks of age that weigh between 275-660 lbs.
Physiology of bone resorption during hypocalcemia in dairy cows
Authors: Liesegang Annette , Sassi Mirja-Liisa , Risteli J. , Eicher R. , Wanner M. , Riond J. -L.
Published: March 2023

The collagen metabolites hydroxyproline (HYP), deoxypyridinoline (DPD) and the carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) are suitable markers for bone resorption in humans and several animal species. In this study we wanted to investigate if these specific bone markers are also suitable to make evidence of bone resorption during hypocalcemia in dairy cows.
Significance and Sources of Antimicrobial-Resistant Nontyphoidal Salmonella Infections in Humans in the United States
Authors: Angulo Frederick J. , Tauxe Robert V. , Cohen Mitchell L.
Published: March 2023

Human Salmonella infections are common; most infections are self-limiting but severe disease may occur. Antimicrobial agents, while not essential for the treatment of Salmonella gastroenteritis, are essential for the treatment of thousands of patients each year with invasive infections. Fluoroquinolones and third-generation cephalosporins are the drugs-of-choice for invasive Salmonella infections in humans; alternative antimicrobial choices are limited by increasing antimicrobial resistance and less desirable pharmacodynamic properties. Little correlation is noted between the antimicrobial resistance patterns of isolates collected from persons with Salmonella infections and antimicrobial agents used for the treatment of Salmonella infections in humans. Direct evidence is available which demonstrates that antimicrobial resistant Salmonella result from the use of antimicrobial agents in food animals and these antimicrobial resistant Salmonella are subsequently transmitted to humans, usually through the food supply. Because of the adverse health consequences in humans and animals associated with the increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistant Salmonella, there is an urgent need to emphasize nonantimicrobial strategies, such as improved sanitation and hygiene, to develop guidelines for the prudent usage of antimicrobial agents, and to restrict the use of fluoroquinolones in food animals to minimize the development of antimicrobial resistance and dissemination of antimicrobial resistant pathogens.
Does Antimicrobial Use in Animals Affect Human Health?
Authors: Apley Mike
Published: March 2023

Yes! As veterinarians we positively impact human and animal health every day by using antimicrobials to treat or prevent disease. It is also necessary to recognize that this use may contribute to susceptibility shifts in pathogens with zoonotic potential. As a profession, and as an industry, we need to work toward carefully determining both positive and negative effects due to antimicrobial use in animal agriculture.

Our multiple responsibilities are best summarized by the veterinarians oath. "Being admitted to the profession of veterinary medicine, I solemnly swear to use my scientific knowledge and skills for the benefit of society through the protection of animal health, the relief of animal suffering, the conservation of livestock resources, the promotion of public health, and the advancement of medical knowledge ... "
Effective Planning
Authors: Gardner Charles E.
Published: March 2023

The term "Planning'' is not one which excites many people. Yet most of us have hopes and dreams for the future that do excite us. Planning is simply investing some time now to determine what steps will maximize the chances of attaining the things that are important to us. The term "investing" is appropriate, because it implies giving up something from immediate consumption in order to derive greater benefit in the future. With planning, we give up time now in order to have the future go better. Planning essentially consists of answering four questions; where do we want to go (mission), where are we now (SWOT analysis), how do we get to where we want to be (goals), and later on, how are we doing (monitoring).
Practical Manipulation of the Estrous Cycle in Beef Cattle
Authors: Day Michael L.
Published: March 2023

The widespread use of AI in beef cattle is strictly dependent upon development of effective methods to control estrus. Many methods to manipulate the estrous cycle in beef cattle have been developed and are available for use in AI programs within the industry. However, less than 10% of beef females in the USA are bred by AI. Many factors have contributed to the low degree of adoption of AI technology by beef producers. These factors include but are not limited to tradition, the marketing system for the industry, the extensive, low-input nature of many of our beef production systems and the degree of efficacy of existing estrous control methods. The economic advantages of an effective AI program have been well-defined in the past and the movement of the beef industry towards value-based marketing has heightened the importance of the use of AI. The effective use of current methods of estrous cycle manipulation and the development of future systems with improved efficacy are critical to expansion of the use of AI in beef cattle.
Rangeland Cattle and the Risk of Waterborne Cryptosporidium parvum Infection in Humans
Authors: Atwill Rob
Published: March 2023

Cryptosporidium parvum (C. parvum) is a tiny protozoal parasite that can cause gastrointestinal illness in a wide variety of mammals, including humans, cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, and horses. It also occurs in various wildlife species such as deer, raccoons, opossums, and rabbits (Fayer et al. and Ungar 1990). In cattle, clinical disease and shedding of the parasite is usually limited to calves under a few months of age (National Animal Health Monitoring System 1994, Kirkpatrick 1985, Anderson and Hall 1982). Although not confirmed by studies done in the U.S., researchers in England and in Spain have reported the shedding of C. parvum in adult beef cattle (Scott et al. 1994, Lorenzo Lorenzo et al. 1993). In humans, clinical disease and shedding can appear at all ages, but is typically more common among children (Ungar 1990). The predominant clinical sign is profuse, watery diarrhea lasting from a few days to several weeks in normal (immunocompetent) calves (Kirkpatrick 1985) and humans (Jokipii and Jokipii 1986). While this disease is usually self-limiting in immunocompetent calves and humans, it can be prolonged and life-threatening among immunocompromised people such as AIDS patients. An effective treatment for eliminating this parasite from the gastrointestinal track still does not exist (White et al. 1994, Goodgame et al. 1993). A few antibiotics may show some promise in reducing the amount of oocyst shedding in AIDS patients, but further clinical trials are needed to fully evaluate their efficacy (White et al. 1994, Goodgame et al. 1993). The severity of this disease for the immunosuppressed and the fact that this parasite was implicated in recent large scale water-borne outbreaks of gastroenteritis in humans (MacKenzie et al. 1994, Hayes et al. 1989) has prompted the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, state and local public health agencies and regional water districts to seek ways to reduce surface water contamination of this parasite. Some of this attention has focused on identifying the primary sources of C. parvum in surface water. Cattle are often perceived to be a leading environmental source of water-borne C. parvum. For example, the U.S. EPA has explicitly warned that inclusion of C. parvum into the proposed Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule will likely result in new restrictions being placed on the location and management of livestock operations situated within watershed regions (U.S. EPA 1994). Presented below is a brief summary of the medical ecology of C. parvum in calves and in humans and the existing scientific evidence that addresses the claim that grazing of cattle on watershed regions puts humans at significant risk for water-borne infection of C. parvum.
Breeding Soundness Examination of the Cow
Authors: Frazer Grant S.
Published: March 2023

Treatment or prevention of breeding problems is only possible after making the correct diagnosis. The accuracy of this diagnosis is based on:1. A detailed review of breeding records and compilation of an accurate history.2. A thorough evaluation of the entire reproductive tract.a. external inspection.b. evaluation of internal genitalia per rectum (palpation and ultrasound)c. vaginal examination.
Chondrodysplasia in Australian Dexter cattle
Authors: Harper P. A. W. , Latter M. R. , Nicholas F. W. , Cook R. W. , Gill P. A.
Published: March 2023

To describe the occurrence of chondrodysplasia in Australian Dexter cattle.

Full article published in Aust Vet J 1998; 76:199-202.
Disease Outbreak Investigation in the Beef Herd
Authors: Ribble Carl S. , Janzen Eugene D. , Campbell John
Published: March 2023

Disease outbreak investigations can be an important, challenging part of beef practice. They require one to develop, by planning and experience, a thorough investigative approach which can be used to identify patterns and distinguish between the normal and the abnormal. Epidemiology is a key tool, but careful observation and logical deduction are also important. If handled correctly, even the most complicated disease outbreak situations can become excellent practice builders for the bovine practitioner.

We present the basic steps that we have found necessary to ensure success in an investigation of disease problems in the beef herd. We place emphasis in this particular presentation, though, on one of the main tasks of the investigation, which is to clearly define the problem as early as possible. This is because, to paraphrase some well-placed advice, a problem well-defined is three-quarters of the solution.
Investigation of osteochondrosis in grazing beef cattle
Authors: Hill B. D.
Published: March 2023

Severe lameness attributed to osteochondrosis is described in an extensively managed Brahman herd grazing on improved native pasture.

Full article published in Aust Vet J 1998; 76:171-175.
Use of ultrasonography to help to predict observed oestrus in dairy cows after the administration of prostaglandin F2α
Authors: Smith S. T. , Ward W. R. , Dobson H.
Published: March 2023

A total of 76 cows from seven herds with an ultrasonographically visible corpus luteum at routine herd fertility examinations were treated with prostaglandin F2α.

Full article published in Veterinary Record (1998) 142, 271-274.
Cow Flow Through the Dairy
Authors: Lehenbauer Terry W.
Published: March 2023

Dairy cow culling decisions have an important influence on the financial success of the dairy. Culling decisions can function as a component of genetic improvement and selection programs designed for long term gain and improved production efficiency. At the same time, culling may also represent failure or limited success of production medicine programs due to cows leaving the herd prematurely because of disease or health-related problems.

Culling decisions are important from several different perspectives. Costs for replacement heifers may represent up to 20% of the dairy budget.13 Negative cash flows occur when a cow is sold as non-fed beef and a heifer is added to the lactating herd as a replacement. Cows retained in the herd represent capital investments, which are subject to various forms of risk that may alter the earnings from those investments. Perhaps wrong decisions are being made regarding which cows to keep, and choosing different cows for culling might increase profits. The perceived importance of culling decisions is also demonstrated by the observation that owners of particularly large herds, who otherwise are not involved in making individual cow management decisions, often directly participate in the routine decision-making process for selecting cows to cull.

Annual culling rates for dairy herds in the US range from less than 25% to more than 35%, with 30% being average.2 Cows have different risks of being culled depending on their age.1,13 Although there is a tendency for increased culling rates with advancing age, management constraints and biases can modify this relationship. The typical cow remains in the milking herd less than 4 years13 even though peak milk production related to maturity ordinarily does not decline until 8 or 9 years of age for most cows.31 The reluctance of some producers to cull first calf heifers and choosing instead to give them a second chance is an example of management bias affecting culling policy.
Exploratory study on the economic value of a closed farming system on Dutch dairy farms
Authors: Van Schaik G. , Dijkhuizen A. A. , Benedictus G. , Barkema H. W. , Koole J. L.
Published: March 2023

A closed farming system may prevent the introduction of infectious diseases on to dairy farms and could be a good starting point for the eradication of these diseases. In order to introduce a closed farming system, farmers need to be made aware of how these are introduced into the herd.

Full article published in Veterinary Record (1998) 142, 240-242.
Comparison of human choriogonadotropin (HCG) and gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) using a synchronized ovulation program for timed breeding
Authors: Goodell G. , Geary T. , Stevens R.
Published: March 2023

As dairies continue to grow in size so must the means of efficient and cost-effective management. In the area of reproduction, the Ovsync program was developed by Pursley, et al. in order to improve pregnancy rates in cattle without the labor cost of heat detection.1 The protocol involves the use of prostaglandin and gonadatropin releasing hormone (GnRH) at specific time intervals to induce ovulation, allowing for a timed breeding.2 While these methods have proven relatively successful, the cost of such a program has been prohibitive. The use of human choriogonadotropin (HCG) in place of GnRH in the Ovsync protocol has been hypothesized to deliver similar results.
Effect of Lameness on Milk Production in Dairy Cattle
Authors: Warnick L. D. , Guard C. L. , Gröhn Y. T.
Published: March 2023

Decisions regarding the economic value of preventingand treating lameness in dairy cattle require accurateestimates of costs of lameness.
Cross-Sectional Study of the Relationship Between Abomasal Displacement or Volvulus and Hypocalcemia in Dairy Cattle
Authors: Delgado-Lecaroz R. , Warnick L. D. , Guard C. L. , Smith M. C. , Barry D. A.
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study was to compare total serum calcium concentrations of cows diagnosed with abomasal displacement or volvulus with that of unaffected cows from the same herds.
Impact of Prototheca Mastitis on Bulk Tank Somatic Cell Count and Standard Plate Count
Authors: Gonzalez Rubén N. , Bennett Gary J. , Sickles Sharon A. , St. Hilaire Debra , Nydam Daryl V.
Published: March 2023

Prototheca spp are achlorophyllic algae that are ubiquitous in soil and aqueous habitats.1,6 Prototheca zopfii, mainly, and P wickerhamii have been reported as etiologic agents of intramammary infections (IMI) in cows.1,2,4,7,8 Prototheca generally behaves as an environmental mastitis pathogen, but it can be spread from cow to cow during milking.4,8

This is a preliminary report about the impact of Prototheca mastitis on prepasteurized milk quality in two northern New York State dairy herds.
Prevalence of Intramammary Infections in Beef Heifers at Parturition
Authors: Roberson J. R. , Bailey T.
Published: March 2023

The prevalence of intramammary infections (IMI) in dairy heifers at parturition has been determined at several sites both within the USA and worldwide. To our knowledge, a study regarding the prevalence of IMI in beef heifers at parturition has not been performed. Because of a large number of elective caesareans in beef heifers, we were presented with the opportunity to determine the prevalence of beef heifer IMI at parturition.
Antibody Responses of Young Calves to Inactivated Viral Vaccines
Authors: Kaeberle Merlin , Sealock Ronald , Honeyman Mark
Published: March 2023

The ability of maternal antibodies to interfere with active immunization of young animals by vaccination has been realized for many years. The development of vaccines that would overcome this effect could contribute greatly to the prevention of viral diseases of cattle. Major advances have been made in the quality of commercial inactivated virus vaccines to increase their efficacy. Therefore, three of these vaccines were evaluated for immunogenicity in young calves with residual maternal antibodies. Groups of 30 calves were administered each of the vaccines at the start of the experimentation and were administered a second dose 32 days later. Serum was obtained from these calves and 30 calves in a nonvaccinated control group prior to vaccination and at 32, 61, 97 and 125 days thereafter. The sera were tested for antibody levels with virus neutralization tests. Antibody responses to viruses included in two of the vaccines were extremely limited and restricted to animals with low maternal antibody titers. The third vaccine overcame suppression by maternal antibodies and elicited responses clearly differentiated from antibody levels in the control group of calves. Mean antibody titers were significantly higher in this vaccinated group of calves when compared to unvaccinated calves or animals in the other two vaccinated groups at 61, 97 and 125 days.
Eradication of Johne's Disease from a Heavily Infected Herd in 12 Months
Authors: Collins M. T. , Manning E. J. B.
Published: March 2023

The goal of the project was to demonstrate that it is FEASIBLE to eradicate paratuberculosis, and that it can be done fairly quickly. The project was not intended to evaluate the most cost-effective strategy for Johne's eradication. Conscientious implementation of husbandry changes to limit spread of M. paratuberculosis infection coupled with accurate record keeping, and a testing program to identify the infected cows for culling should lead to control and eventual elimination of paratuberculosis from most dairy herds.
Efficacy of Florfenicol for the Treatment of Naturally Occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (Pinkeye)
Authors: Angelos J. A. , Dueger E. L. , George L. W. , Carrier T. , Mihalyi J. , Cosgrove S. , Johnson J.
Published: March 2023

A randomized double blind controlled clinical field trial was conducted to determine the efficacy of florfenicol for the treatment of naturally occurring infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK; pinkeye).
Beef Quality Assurance Through Usage of Critical Control Points
Authors: Devin T. M.
Published: March 2023

Since the National Beef Quality Audit in 1994, much progress has been made in reducing targeted defects. In just 6 years, top butt injection site lesions have been reduced from 22 to 6 percent. However, much remains to be done in the education of producers at all levels of the beef production chain.
Topical Administration of Trace Elements and Vitamins in Cattle
Authors: Loveridge I. B. , Wichtel J. J. , Whittem E. L. B. , Williamson N. B.
Published: March 2023

The ease with which iodine passes through the skin of cattle has long been recognised. We have now shown that selenium and vitamin E can also cross cattle skin in sufficient quantities to significantly increase concentrations in the peripheral circulation.
Caslick's For Cows
Authors: Guthrie Rich
Published: March 2023

This is a quick, neat procedure which will return selected individual cows to breeding soundness.
Surgical Procedure for Duodenal Cannulation and Rumen Fistula Prosthesis in the Adult Dairy Cow
Authors: Dahlquist Perry S.
Published: March 2023

The paper describes a surgical procedure for the placement of a duodenal cannula and a rumen fistula prosthesis in an adult dairy cow.
Activity of Gamma Glutamyl Transferase in Serum of Newborn and Day-old Calves Derived by in-vitro Fertilization
Authors: Bailey T. L. , Whittier W. D. , Murphy J. M. , Riva A. L. , Swecker W. S. , Saker K. E. , Scarratt W. K. , Caudell D. L.
Published: March 2023

The objective of the study was to determine the activity of gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) in serum of control calves and calves derived by in-vitro fertilization (IVF) procedures.
Efficacy of Copper Oxide Needles in Preventing Copper Deficiency in Cattle
Authors: Gay Clive C. , Parish Steven M. , Pritchett Lori C.
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hypothesis that a single dose of copper oxide needles administered to cattle at the beginning of the grazing period would sustain plasma copper concentrations and prevent growth depression associated with copper deficiency for the duration of the grazing period. Comparisons of efficacy were made against the traditional treatment methods of copper glycinate injection and copper supplementation in salt in two trials involving age groups most at risk for clinical copper deficiency calves and replacement heifers. High pasture molybdenum concentrations with Cu:Mo ratios below 5:1 were present at both trial locations.
Effect of Feeding a Rumensin® Containing Free-Choice Mineral to Steers Grazing Native Grass Pastures
Authors: Laudert Scott B.
Published: March 2023

Previous research has shown that pasture cattle fed a Rumensin (monensin sodium, Elanco Animal Health) containing free-choice mineral consistently gain .05 to .1 kg per day more than cattle fed a non-medicated mineral. Rumensin free-choice mineral is a well balanced mineral mixture which is commercially available from numerous U.S. feed suppliers. Rumensin free-choice mineral is formulated to provide 10% calcium, 6% phosphorus and 24% salt. It contains 1620 grams of Rumensin per 909 kg and, when consumed daily at 28 to 114 g per head provides 50 to 200 mg of Rumensin per animal. This study was conducted to provide additional information relative to mineral consumption and weight gain of pasture cattle offered Rumensin free-choice mineral.
Multidimensionality of visual social media marketing and its impact on customer purchase intention on the real estate market
Authors: Ahmad Al-Gasawneh Jassim , N. AlZubi Khalid , Hasan Mohammad , Hafaz Ngah Abdul , Mohammad Khalaf Ahmad Alaeddin
Published: March 2023

The modern real estate industry, including real estate market in Jordan, is highly competitive and challenging. This descriptive study aims to examine the effect of visual social media marketing (VSMM) on customer purchase intentions of Jordanian real estate companies. The paper used electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM) as a mediator and reliability as a moderator of the relationship between e-WOM and customers’ purchase intention. A conceptual model comprised VSMM dimensions (informative content, entertainment content, and remunerative content), which affect the purchase intention of customers, mediated by thee WOM construct. The construct of reliability moderated the link between e-WOM and purchase intention. Questionnaires were distributed through Google Forms to respondents selected by convenience sampling; as a result, 250 responses were received. PLS-SEM was used to analyze the data and test the hypotheses. The results confirmed a significant impact of VSMM and e-WOM on purchase intentions. In addition, the study found that e-WOM mediates the relationship between VSMM and purchase intention, and reliability moderates the link between e-WOM and purchase intention. The results can help Jordanian real estate companies employ VSMM to increase their customers’ purchase intentions.
Determinants of halal food purchase decisions for Go Food and Shopee Food users
Authors: Fachrurrozie  , Muhsin  , Nurkhin Ahmad , Mukhibad Hasan , Mohd Daud Norzaidi
Published: March 2023

Indonesia is one of the world’s biggest halal food product and service consumers. The halal industry will continue to expand as the Muslim community’s needs grow. Therefore, application development for online halal food providers through the Go Food and Shopee Food platforms is in high demand. This paper aims to analyze the determinants of Go Food and Shopee Food users’ halal food purchase decisions. The theory of planned behavior (TPB), the theory of consumer behavior, and the unified theory of acceptance and utilization of technology (UTAUT2) were used. The research sample consists of Go Food and Shopee Food users chosen randomly from a pool of 104 respondents. The data were collected using a questionnaire developed from previous studies and the theories applied (TPB and UTAUT2). Respondents received questionnaires online via Google Forms. Path analysis was used in this study. The findings show that TPB constructs can adequately explain halal food purchase behavior. The attitude toward the purchase of halal food and subjective norms affect the user’s intentions to purchase halal food. The coefficients are 0.291 and 0.379, with a p-value < 0.001. The user’s intention determines the positive decision to purchase halal food with a coefficient of 0.843 and a p-value < 0.001. Halal awareness is a powerful predictor with a coefficient of 0.206 and a p-value of 0.014. However, perceived behavioral control, halal literacy, religious commitment, financial literacy, and UTAUT2 constructs (price value, hedonic motivation, and habit) were not found to determine the intention to purchase halal food.
Sprawozdanie z konferencji naukowej „Astrobiology and Society. Third Conference on History and Philosophy of Astrobiology”, European Astrobiology Institute – Lund University, Höör, 3-4.06.2022 r.
Authors: Świeżyński Adam
Published: March 2023

W dniach 3-4 czerwca 2022 roku w Höör (Szwecja) odbyła się międzynarodowa konferencja naukowa, poświęcona problematyce astrobiologii: Astrobiology and Society. Third Conference on History and Philosophy of Astrobiology, zorganizowana przez European Astrobiology Institute i Uniwersytet w Lund. Uczestnicy konferencji zaprezentowali tematy z zakresu historii, filozofii, socjologii, literaturoznawstwa i teologii, które dotyczyły problematyki astrobiologicznej. Konferencja była okazją do przedstawienia wyników badań humanistycznych, inspirowanych ustaleniami współczesnej astrobiologii oraz wymiany poglądów na temat znaczenia tych badań.

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Zgłoszono: 18/06/2022. Zrecenzowano: 05/09/2022. Zaakceptowano do publikacji: 14/10/2022.
Sprawozdanie z 15. Warsztatów Filozofii Przyrody Sekcji Filozofii Przyrody i Nauk Przyrodniczych Polskiego Towarzystwa Filozoficznego, Ciążeń, 23-26.06.2022 r.
Authors: Latawiec Michał , Świeżyński Adam
Published: March 2023

15. Warsztaty Filozofii Przyrody odbyły się w dniach 23-26 czerwca 2022 roku w Ciążeniu, w Domu Pracy Twórczej Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu. Organizatorem cyklicznych warsztatów jest Sekcja Filozofii Przyrody i Nauk Przyrodniczych Polskiego Towarzystwa Filozoficznego. Uczestnikami warsztatów było ponad trzydziestu przedstawicieli kilkunastu ośrodków naukowych z Krakowa, Lublina, Łodzi, Poznania, Szczecina, Warszawy, Wrocławia, Zielonej Góry, zajmujących się filozofią przyrody i filozofią nauk przyrodniczych.

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Zgłoszono: 30/11/2022. Zrecenzowano: 20/12/2022. Zaakceptowano do publikacji: 22/12/2022.
The Effect of Natural Disaster on Regional Economic Growth, Unemployment, Poverty, and Human Development Index in Thirty Indonesian Provinces
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Puja Ilham Aulia
Published: March 2023

Purpose The objective of this research is to identify the effects of natural disasters on several variables. The impacts were analyzed both directly and indirectly. Design/methodology/approach Using Partial Least Squares, natural disaster, regional economic growth, poverty, unemployment, and human development index as the variables with their own indicators. Findings This study finds that the direct effects of natural disasters are a significant reduction in regional economic growth, an insignificant increase in poverty, and a significant increase in unemployment. Furthermore, natural disaster have varying results in indirect effects. Research limitations/implications The limitation of this research is the use of natural disasters which only involves three types of natural disasters, as well as thirty provinces in Indonesia. Originality/value This study uses regional economic growth, unemployment, and poverty variables as intervening variables to determine the effect of natural disasters on the human development index which there are still not many similar studies on the disaster economics approach.
Pengaruh Penambahan Immunbooster Growth Promoter Herbal dalam Ransum Terhadap Kualitas Eksterior dan Interior Telur Burung Puyuh
Authors: Mahardika Tania Agustina Putri , Utomo Budi , Amelia Mila , Andriani Novi , Ngazizah Siti Nailil , Irawan Hebi , Tanjungsari Ardina , Yuniati Erna
Published: March 2023

Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat efektif pemberian Immunbooster Growth Promoter (IGP) herbal dengan bahan Centella asiatica, Curcuma zedoaria, dan Allium sativum pada ransum pakan untuk menggantikan antibiotik sintetik sehingga berpengaruh terhadap nilai kualitas eksterior dan interior telur burung puyuh (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Materi dalam penelitian yang digunakan adalah 100 ekor burung puyuh jenis betina berumur 15 hari. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah RAL (Rancangan Acak Lengkap), terdiri dari 5 perlakuan dengan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah P0 = AGP 0,3 gram/kg ransum; P1 = IGP herbal 0,5 gram/kg ransum; P2 = IGP herbal 1 gram/kg ransum; P3 = IGP herbal 1,5 gram/kg ransum; dan P4 = IGP herbal 2 gram/kg ransum. Parameter yang diteliti meliputi indeks telur, indeks putih telur, indeks kuning telur, dan bobot kerabang telur burung puyuh. Data yang telah diperoleh dari hasil penelitian menggunakan RAL tersebut dianalisis ragam (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut Duncan. Analisis sidik ragam menunjukkan dengan penambahan IGP herbal dalam ransum pakan burung puyuh memberikan hasil pengaruh yang tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05) terhadap indeks telur, indeks putih telur, indeks kuning telur, dan bobot kerabang. Namun, hasil analisis secara deskriptif menunjukkan dengan penambahan IGP herbal sebesar 0,5 gram/kg dalam ransum pakan untuk dikonsumsi burung puyuh memberikan hasil efek terbaik terhadap kualitas eksterior dan interior telur, sehingga kesimpulan dalam penelitian IGP herbal dapat digunakan untuk menggantikan antibiotik sintetik
Self-Perceived Sources of Stress and Burnout Determinants in Dentistry - A Systematic Review
Authors: Avramova Nadya
Published: March 2023

Introduction. In recent decades, under the influence of various factors, there has been a serious increase in psycho-emotional tension and stress. Furthermore, considering unprecedented times of global pandemic threat, stress levels can rise significantly. Dental profession is physically and mentally stressful as dentists encounter a number of occupational hazards of a biological, chemical, physical, and psycho-emotional nature.

Objective. The current review paper aimed to answer the question: what are the most important stressors and burnout determinants in daily dental practice?

Materials and Methods. The Web of Science Core Collection database was searched for according to the PRISMA guidelines in September 2022. Empirical studies - observational, experimental, cross-sectional, and longitudinal studies published in English were considered for inclusion.

Results. The initial search yielded 355 articles. Eighteen studies met inclusion criteria and were considered for the final analysis. Two articles reported identical data; therefore, they were not included in the current report. Finally, this review presented 16 reports with a total of 8, 824 subjects.

Conclusions. Both long-term and short-term stress can cause negative effects on practitioner’s physical, mental, and emotional functioning. As healthcare providers, dentists should be aware of these risk factors, as well as they need to be sufficiently motivated to know the risks and inconveniences of their profession, learning effective strategies how to deal with adverse conditions, factors, and relationships. Providing information on this issue will contribute to increasing dentists’ awareness and improving their personal and professional performance.
Samoprocjena prioritetnih aktivnosti dnevnog života kao mjera ishoda nakon traumatske ozljede mozga
Authors: Klepo Ivana , Levanić Damirka , Dilber Klara , Dubroja Ivan , Tršinski Dubravko
Published: March 2023

Cilj: Cilj istraživanja je primjenom kanadske mjere izvedbe okupacija (engl. Canadian Occupational Performance Measure; COPM) identificirati aktivnosti dnevnog života koje su najveći izazov i prioritet osobama s traumatskom ozljedom mozga (TOM) te istražiti osjetljivost i konvergentnu valjanost te mjere ishoda. Ispitanici i metode: U istraživanje je uključeno 37 osoba s TOM-om koje se nalaze na prvoj bolničkoj rehabilitaciji. Primjenom COPM-a na početnoj procjeni identificirane su najvažnije problemske aktivnosti iz područja samozbrinjavanja, produktivnosti i razonode. Ocijenjen je subjektivni doživljaj izvedbe i zadovoljstva izvedbom prioritetnih aktivnosti, a ponovljena procjena provedena je prosječno nakon 30 dana. Konvergentna valjanost utvrđena je kroz povezanost COPM-a s mjerom funkcionalne neovisnosti (FIM). Podatci su obrađeni deskriptivnom statistikom te analizom korelacija. Rezultati: Ukupno je identificirano 158 prioritetnih svakodnevnih problemskih aktivnosti iz područja samozbrinjavanja (63,29 %), produktivnosti (24,05 %) i razonode (12,66 %). Razlika između početne i ponovljene procjene COPM-om statistički je i klinički značajna. Dobivena je statistički značajna povezanost ocjene izvedbe aktivnosti primjenom COPM-a s ukupnim rezultatom FIM-a, kako na početnoj tako i na ponovljenoj procjeni. Također je dobivena statistički značajna povezanost promjena između prve i ponovljene procjene izvedbe COPM-om i promjena u ukupnom i motoričkom FIM-u. Zaključak: Istraživanje je pokazalo da je područje samozbrinjavanja, posebno osobna njega i funkcionalna mobilnost, dominantan prioritet osoba s TOM-om na prvoj bolničkoj rehabilitaciji. COPM se pokazao kao osjetljiva i valjana mjera samoprocjene prioritetnih aktivnosti dnevnog života osoba s traumatskom ozljedom mozga na bolničkoj rehabilitaciji.
Adalimumab (Humira) kao potencijalni rizični čimbenik u razvoju melanocitnih lezija
Authors: Đolonga Ivona , Jonjić Nives , Manestar Blažić Teo , Dekanić Andrea
Published: March 2023

Cilj: Osvijestiti liječnike o potencijalnom riziku razvoja progresije melanocitnih kožnih lezija i eventualnog nastanka malignog melanoma u pacijenata kronično liječenih adalimumabom (Humirom), antagonistom tumorskog faktora nekroze-alfa (TNF-alfa). Prikaz slučaja: U dermatološku ambulantu javio se tridesetosmogodišnji muškarac jer je unatrag mjesec dana primijetio makroskopski vidljivu promjenu postojeće melanocitne lezije na području kože abdomena, u vidu njezinog povećanja i promjene boje. Pacijent je unazad tri godine počeo osjećati zakočenost toraksa i leđa, jutarnju križobolju te bolove u leđima koji bi se smanjili uzimanjem nesteroidnih antireumatika. Na temelju kliničkih, laboratorijskih i radioloških nalaza, pacijentu je dijagnosticiran aksijalni spondiloartritis zbog kojeg mu je, dva mjeseca kasnije, u kroničnu terapiju uveden adalimumab. Primjena adalimumaba dovela je do izrazitog poboljšanja bolesnikovog stanja te ga je nastavio redovito uzimati. Nakon dvije godine kontinuirane terapije adalimumabom pacijent je uočio promjenu postojećeg nevusa na trbuhu, o čemu je obavijestio dermatologa koji je izvršio eksciziju lezije u cijelosti. Patohistološkom analizom potvrđen je displastični nevus visokog stupnja. Zaključak: Povezanost adalimumaba s razvojem melanoma još nije dovoljno istražena, iako mnogi dokazi govore u prilog tome. Važno je da liječnici budu upoznati s mogućim rizikom progresije postojećih melanocitnih lezija, kao i mogućim razvojem malignog melanoma te educiraju pacijente, savjetuju im redovne kontrole i povećan oprez, a sve u cilju pravovremenog otkrivanja i prevencije potencijalno ozbiljnih nuspojava adalimumaba. Istraživanja koja se bave ovom tematikom malobrojna su i potrebne su daljnje studije koje će u obzir uzeti više rizičnih čimbenika za nastanak melanoma.
Trends in Language Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Relationship Between Language Use and Mental Health: Text Analysis Based on Free Responses From a Longitudinal Study (Preprint)
Authors: Weger Rachel , Lossio-Ventura Juan Antonio , Rose-McCandlish Margaret , Shaw Jacob S , Sinclair Stephen , Pereira Francisco , Chung Joyce Y , Atlas Lauren Yvette
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic and its associated restrictions have been a major stressor that has exacerbated mental health worldwide. Qualitative data play a unique role in documenting mental states through both language features and content. Text analysis methods can provide insights into the associations between language use and mental health and reveal relevant themes that emerge organically in open-ended responses.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this web-based longitudinal study on mental health during the early COVID-19 pandemic was to use text analysis methods to analyze free responses to the question, “Is there anything else you would like to tell us that might be important that we did not ask about?” Our goals were to determine whether individuals who responded to the item differed from nonresponders, to determine whether there were associations between language use and psychological status, and to characterize the content of responses and how responses changed over time.

METHODS

A total of 3655 individuals enrolled in the study were asked to complete self-reported measures of mental health and COVID-19 pandemic–related questions every 2 weeks for 6 months. Of these 3655 participants, 2497 (68.32%) provided at least 1 free response (9741 total responses). We used various text analysis methods to measure the links between language use and mental health and to characterize response themes over the first year of the pandemic.

RESULTS

Response likelihood was influenced by demographic factors and health status: those who were male, Asian, Black, or Hispanic were less likely to respond, and the odds of responding increased with age and education as well as with a history of physical health conditions. Although mental health treatment history did not influence the overall likelihood of responding, it was associated with more negative sentiment, negative word use, and higher use of first-person singular pronouns. Responses were dynamically influenced by psychological status such that distress and loneliness were positively associated with an individual’s likelihood to respond at a given time point and were associated with more negativity. Finally, the responses were negative in valence overall and exhibited fluctuations linked with external events. The responses covered a variety of topics, with the most common being mental health and emotion, social or physical distancing, and policy and government.

CONCLUSIONS

Our results identify trends in language use during the first year of the pandemic and suggest that both the content of responses and overall sentiments are linked to mental health.