bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neuroprotective effect of South Sulawesi propolis on neurogenesis in primary cultures of rat cerebral cortical neurons
Authors: Ibrahim Nurhadi , Andraini Trinovita , Yusnidar Amirah , Putri Putu Indah Paramita Adi , Sianipar Imelda Rosalyn
Published: September 2023

BackgroundNeurodegenerative diseases have a significant risk factor, namely aging, which is associated with increased neuronal dysfunction and death. Propolis has been widely used as medicine due to its various benefits. This research study investigated the effect of propolis from the stingless bee (Tetragonula sapiens) from South Sulawesi, Indonesia, on neurogenesis in primary cultures of embryonic cerebral cortex of Wistar rats at 17-18 days of gestation.
Methods This research was an experimental study involving 4 female pregnant Wistar rats, which were terminated and the cerebral cortex of the embryos collected and grown as primary cultures. The cultures were divided into 3 groups, i.e. control, vehicle, and propolis extract group. The research began with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) to obtain the optimal dose among propolis doses of 0.5 μg/mL, 1 μg/mL, 5 μg/mL, 10 μg/mL, 25 μg/mL, and 100 μg/mL. The study was continued by using the best dose in immunostaining examination using microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) primary antibody and qRT-PCR examination of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA expression. One Way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to analyse the data.
ResultsThe results showed that the propolis doses of 0.5 μg/mL and 1 μg/mL significantly increase cell viability compared to the other doses (p=0.011) and stimulate dendritic growth. The propolis dose group of 1 μg/mL induces a significantly higher expression of BDNF mRNA than the control group (p=0.031).
ConclusionOur findings indicate that stingless bee propolis has neuroprotective effects against BDNF mRNA in rats. It is shown that propolis can be a candidate inhibitor in neurodegenerative diseases.
MAPEAMENTO DO FLUXO DE VALOR PARA CARACTERIZAÇÃO DO TAKT TIME COMO INDICADOR DE PERFORMANCE APLICADO AO SETOR CAFEEIRO
Authors: Luciano Erik Leonel Leone , Batista Ribeiro Rosinei , Aparecida Fernandes Kabuchi Thais , Vinicius Martines Marcus , Alexandre Dias Chaves Wagner
Published: September 2023

Based on premise of importance of optimizing the value chain and introducing lean thinking in companies, this work focuses on answering the following research question: would it be possible to identify possible improvement points even in a coffee company which already uses as a production system the Make to Order (MTO), by means of application of the VSM tool? For this, it was adopted, as a general objective, application of the value stream mapping tool (VSM), characterizing Takt Time as a performance parameter in a coffee sector company, and specifically, one sought to identify the main metrics by the Takt Time tool in order to assess its relevance in production planning. As a methodology, this research is characterized as exploratory-quantitative and is based on two aspects, in the first, the literature review and in the second, the application of a case study in a company which adopts the Make to Order manufacturing system as a strategy (MTO). As a result, by means of analysis of the current VSM and the takt time, it was possible to develop a New VSM that was converted into effective gains for the company and increased efficiency of its production line, with a reduction of the average cycle time by 15%
Cognitive Rehabilitation Approaches to Traumatic Brain Injury: A Review of Efficacy and Outcomes
Authors: Johnson Leslie , Weinberg Anna
Published: September 2023

Cognitive rehabilitation is a critical component of intervention for many individuals with both short- and long-term impairments associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI). By focusing on major cognitive domains, emotional processing, and behavioral strategies, clinicians use cognitive rehabilitation to improve cognitive related functional outcomes, quality of life, and social relationships. Cognitive rehabilitation is traditionally divided into restorative and compensatory approaches, though increasingly combined approaches within the larger medical, multidisciplinary team are being incorporated and explored. Literature related to cognitive rehabilitation within the TBI population continues to be needed in order to assist clinicians in developing evidence-based intervention protocols and therapy plans. This paper details current approaches to cognitive rehabilitation and provides an updated review of the literature associated with the efficacy of cognitive rehabilitation. Reviewed evidence supports the use of cognitive rehabilitation to improve multiple cognitive domains, including attention, memory, executive function, and metacognitive skills. The long-term outcomes of continued cognitive rehabilitation services post-TBI are not as comprehensively documented as the relative short-term outcomes. The efficacy of cognitive rehabilitation is impacted by patient-specific variables, timing and intensity of treatment. This paper concludes with noted information related to the limitations of the current evidence of cognitive rehabilitation, including study design concerns, and reduced generalizability of the relevant research.
The Muslim Hipster and Consumption Behavior Phenomena in the Shopee Marketplace of Makassar
Authors: Soumena Fadly Yashari , A Rika Risnawati
Published: August 2023

The research implemented a descriptive quantitative method, aimed to investigate (1) the influence of Muslim hipsters on the buying decisions of Muslim fashion products in the Shopee marketplace, (2) the effect of online customer reviews on the purchasing decisions of Muslim fashion products in the Shopee marketplace. The data used in this study comprised primary data collected through questionnaires. The method used to analyze the data was the multiple linear regression analysis method. The population in this study consisted of students of the Islamic Religious Education and English Language Education Departments, Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training, UIN Alauddin Makassar, who were users of the Shopee Apps. The sample used in this study was 60 respondents. The results of this study indicate that Muslim hipsters and online customer reviews have a positive and significant effect on the users’ purchasing decisions. These results indicate that a Muslim hipster, with the lifestyle and values it identifies, can attract more buyers, increase sales, and generate greater profits for the business. Online customer reviews can influence purchasing decisions and provide important information to prospective buyers. Both variables can be exploited by business actors in their marketing strategies to enhance their brand confidence and reputation, as well as attract more buyers. In an effort to pay attention to consumer lifestyle trends, preferences, and purchasing behavior, business operators can develop more effective marketing strategies and expand their market share.
Comparative analysis of pregnancy complications: primigravida versus multigravida
Authors: Amin Fiza , Tali Tavseef A. , Ara Rifat , Amin Huda
Published: September 2023

Background: The study aimed to compare the outcome of pregnancies in a primigravida with multigravida.
Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in Skims Medical College, Srinagar between May 2020 to December 2021 in which hospital records of 135 patients who delivered during the study period were analysed.
Results: Majority of primigravida mothers falls in 21-30 years of age group 34 (54.83%), whereas 46 (65.75%) of multigravida were in 31-40 years. Incidence rate of gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, post-partum haemorrhage, placenta previa, oligohydramnios, pre term labour, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) was higher in primigravida when compared to multigravida.
Conclusions: Despite the fact that primigravida had the majority of the issues, both groups experienced considerable issues. Therefore, in order to promote maternal health, women should get information about appropriate medical care as well as counselling. It will help to prevent unfavourable pregnancy outcomes.
Macronutrient intake in dyslipidemia: a population-based study from Haryana, North India
Authors: Yadav Neha , Chaudhary Vineet , Thakur Mamta Kumari , Saraswathy Kallur Nava , Devi Naorem Kiranmala
Published: September 2023

Background: Dyslipidemia is a highly prevalent physiological condition and it is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) worldwide. Diet as a modifiable factor gaining more scientific attention in managing the problem of dyslipidemia among vegetarian populations in order to reduce the burden of CVDs.
Methods: The present study was conducted on a total of 497 adult participants of either sex recruited randomly from Palwal Haryana, North India. Data related to socio-demographic variables was collected by using pretested and modified interview schedules. Dietary data was collected by using validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and entered and analyzed by using Dietcal software. Lipid profile was done on 12 hours overnight fasting blood samples by using commercial kits Randox, USA. All the statistical tests were performed by using IMB’s SPSS software version 22.
Results: Adjusted odds ratio revealed that total fat intake was positively associated with TG and VLDL while carbohydrate intake was found to be positively associated with TG, low-HDL, LDL, and VLDL. >3 times intake of RDAs for total fats and carbohydrates posed 2.4 and 2-folds increased risk for high TG and VLDL.
Conclusions: Present study suggested a positive association between the intake levels of macronutrients and elevated lipids. Nutritional education and promoting diet diversity among vegetarian populations may reduce the burden of dyslipidemia.
Adrenal sparing giant adrenal cyst excision by 3D laparoscopic approach: a case report
Authors: Patankar Suresh B. , Padasalagi Gururaj R. , Thakare Kashinath V. , Narkhede Mayur M.
Published: September 2023

Adrenal cyst is rare clinical entity. Usually they are asymptomatic, non-functional, <10 cm in size and often discovered incidentally. We report a left adrenal cyst in 58-year-old woman measuring 23 cm in diameter, displacing left kidney infero-medially and pancreas anteriorly, because of its huge size. She presented with left flank pain over a 6-month period. Serial abdominal ultrasound and CT imaging revealed left suprarenal cystic mass of size 10 cm to begin with and gradually increased to size of 23 cm over period of 10 years when she became symptomatic. All laboratory and endocrine function tests were normal. 3D laparoscopic surgery done and cyst was completely removed with preservation of adrenal gland. Histopathological examination revealed a benign endothelial adrenal cyst. The postoperative course was uneventful and patient had no evidence of recurrence during follow-up. The giant adrenal cysts are relatively rare and represent great surgical challenge during resection.
Optimizing vitiligo treatment: examining the role of narrow-band ultraviolet B phototherapy
Authors: Díaz De Alba Paola Scarlett , Sierra Franco Andrea , Millán Montaño María Daniela , García García Aurora Guadalupe , Ramírez Cortes Narda Carolina , Hernandez Vespero Fernando
Published: September 2023

Vitiligo is a common autoimmune-pigment disorder associated with skin depigmentation. Narrow-band ultraviolet B phototherapy (NB-UVB) has become an effective treatment option for this disease, resulting in significant pigmentation in patients, especially those with facial lesions and dark skin tones. However, the best treatment plan is still under discussion, and more research is needed to assess long-term safety, including the risk of skin cancer. In addition, alternative options such as current immunomodulators and herbal therapies are promising but need further studies. This study reviewed the existing literature on NB-UVB phototherapy's efficacy and safety profile for treating vitiligo. The study focused on factors affecting the treatment response and the potential benefits of combining NB-UVB with other treatments. NB-UVB phototherapy is safe and effectively reduces depigmentation in vitiligo patients. Factors such as disease duration, skin type, and scope of vitiligo lesions may influence treatment results. Using NB-UVB with other treatments can increase results. Although UVB NB phototherapy is a safe and effective option for vitiligo treatment, more research is needed to optimize its use and improve treatment outcomes, especially in different patient groups.
Research Insights: How Do Changes in Brand Ownership Affect Competition and Consumer Welfare?
Authors: Alviarez Vanessa , Mayer Thierry , Head Keith
Published: August 2023

Changes in brand ownership resulting from cross-border mergers and acquisitions impact competition and consumer welfare. Foreign acquisitions of local brands often lead to an increase in cost or a decline in appeal for the acquired brand, with limited gains in efficiencies. However, the accompanying rise in market power has translated into higher profits for the majority of brand-acquiring firms. Pro-competitive policies in the United States and European Union that required divestitures in the beer industry as a condition for merger approval led to significant consumer savings. Similar policies in South America would have reduced consumer prices by 18%.
Wsparcie IT w procesie wyboru kierunku studiów: koncepcja i testowanie aplikacji dla kandydatów na studia w AGH
Authors: Worek Barbara , Pełech-Pilichowski Tomasz , Kocór Marcin , Micek Dorota
Published: September 2023

W artykule przedstawiono możliwości wykorzystania wsparcia IT w procesie wyboru kierunku studiów. Możliwości te omówiono na przykładzie projektowanej i testowanej w AGH aplikacji pozwalającej na przedstawianie kandydatom na studia rekomendowanych kierunków, dopasowanych do ich preferencji, predyspozycji, planów związanych ze studiami i karierą zawodową. Projektowane narzędzie ma ułatwiać podejmowanie wyborów, wskazywać potencjał danego kierunku studiów, redukować obciążenia związane z procesem wyboru i jego złożonością. Artykuł przedstawia założenia, które wykorzystano do budowy koncepcji narzędzia, jego elementy i funkcjonalności.
Analysis of Potential Educational Areas of Pokémon Go! Game Use Based on Mini FGI Method
Authors: Butkiewicz Magdalena , Kot Mateusz
Published: September 2023

This article attempts to determine the educational nature of “Pokémon Go!” game based on user interactions with virtual space and real-life elements. For this purpose, interviews with players in mini focus groups (mini FGI) were the chosen method. Respondents were asked about their interaction with actual objects that are reflected in the game, how they search for information about the locations themselves, and about the educational content in the game space. The players were also asked for their ideas on how to enhance the educational potential of the game, as such opinion of real-life players was deemed notable.

Based on the results obtained, firstly, areas of potential educational value that still need to be improved were identified and, secondly, recommendations were formulated how to enhance the educational opportunities arising from the game.
Identification of Quercetin, Kaempferol and Luteolin from Methanolic Extract of Corchorus depressus and its Pre-Clinical Wound Healing
Authors: Kumar Khuntia Tapas , Nanda U. N. , Senapati A. K. , Mohanty A. K.
Published: September 2023

Corchorus depressus Linn. (Tiliaceae) has been extensively utilized in Odisha, India, and is considered sacred and religious in addition to being used in Pakistan, Baluchistan, and Sind for ethnopharmacological purposes. Ethno-pharmacological claims and lack of sufficient scientific data with respect to the wound-healing activity of the plant encouraged us to the preparation of herbal formulation and its evaluation against wound-healing models with the identification of the phytoconstituents present in the plant extract. The physiochemical properties of the plant like ash value, the preliminary phytochemical screening, the HPLC, HPTLC, FTIR analysis, and the dermal toxicity of the methanolic extract were carried out using standard methods. A stability study was conducted on the prepared ointment formulations. With the help of in vivo excision, incision, dead-space wound, mice-burn model, and along with in vitro stimulation of Interleukin-10 models, the wound healing potential was evaluated. The granulation tissue was collected for nitric oxide estimation and histopathological analysis. The tensile strength of the granuloma tissue and hydroxyproline content were estimated using standard methods. The methanolic extract ointment resulted in a steady contraction of wounds with time and caused significant inhibition in the level of nitric oxide in the scar tissue and aggregation of macrophages in histological examination. The incision model showed a significant (381.33±4.58, p<0.05) increase in the tensile strength of granuloma tissue when compared to the control (156.5±5.75). The dead space wound model demonstrated that the plant extract significantly increased (75.43±2.97, p<0.001) hydroxyproline content against the control. Methanolic extract ointment caused significant wound healing and reduced epithelialization time in the mice burn model from the 12th day till the 24th day as compared to the negative control. Observations of hematological and serum biochemical changes in the dermal toxicity study suggested that the herbal extracts are safe for use topically. In the accelerated stability study, there were no marks of physical instability in the prepared ointment. IR spectral analysis was successfully used to detect flavanones like Luteolin and flavonol such as Quercetin and Kaempferol in methanolic extract. The present findings provide scientific evidence that the plant Corchorus depressus Linn. (Tiliaceae) displayed wound healing activity, corroborating its traditional use by the Tribals of Odisha and the Indian system of medicine.
Holistic Approach Toward Senile Dementia with Ayurveda – A Case Report
Authors: Deshpande Mayuri , Deshpande Amol
Published: September 2023

Neurological problems are a burning issue in today’s Era. The brain is that vital organ which makes humans unique from other living beings. It is the site of all the intellectual powers humans have. Memory is an important aspect of this intellectual property. It gives us protection from harmful things. Here is a case of mild cognitive impairment. The patient, 68 years old came with his son to OPD with loss of memory for 2 years. He used to forget his meals, and juices from taking on time. He used to forget the flame of burners. He used to repeat the same phrases after a fraction of the time. The patient had taken many medicines, but the condition got worse. He felt sleepy and drowsy all day. The patient was well-oriented to time and place. The Mini-mental scale examination score of this patient was 22. This patient was treated with a holistic approach. Holistic means to treat all aspects of the patient. The patient was advised to take internal medicine (Shatavari Ghanavati), meditation, counselling, and diet. The internal medication was given for three months. Counselling was done every fortnight. The patient was advised to do meditation on a daily basis. Some food regimes were advised to the patient. Then after the complete course of medicine. The Mini-mental scale examination was performed, and the score was 25 which was satisfactory for that patient. The herbal medicine along with other aspects of surviving healthy life helped this patient to live normally.
Single Herbs and Diet Propagated by Classical Ayurvedic Texts for Improving ‘Gut Health’ as Indicated in Grahani (Irritable Bowel Syndrome) - A Review
Authors: M. Sujithra  , M. G. Minsha
Published: September 2023

‘Gut’ is being referred to as ‘second brain’ as the role played by the gut is very crucial to health. In continuation, the gut microbiome is a part of gut health. Diet plays an important role in maintaining the healthy microbiome. A close correlation to gut health is found to Grahani mentioned in Ayurveda. The word ‘Grahani’ is used to specify the organ ‘Grahani’ correlated as duodenum and the disease ‘Grahani’ whose clinical presentation of alternating frequent watery bowels, and constipation blood-stained stools can be correlated to Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). This disease is attributed to the pathology of the Annavaha srotas (channels carrying the food and the related organs). Even with medical intervention, Ahara (food) is to be planned with utmost care and sensitivity. In Grahani, the treatments and diet prescribed are meant for the healing and recovery of the alimentary tract, they are inclusive of the gut microbiome also. Hence a literature review of the Brhatrayis - the three major classical textbooks in Ayurveda: Charaka Samhita, Susruta Samhita and Ashtanga Sangraha and Hrdaya were reviewed for the single herbs and diet recommendations in Grahani. Articles supporting this fact from modern pharmacology were added as supporting documents. No review has been done so far exploring into the depths of the Ayurvedic Samhitas regarding the single herbs and diet mentioned to address gastric ailments thus relating to the gut and gut health. This article aims at filling this lacuna.
Phytoconstituents Loaded Liposomes Fabricated Based on Box Behnken Design for Metabolic Syndrome: In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization
Authors: Bhavsar Puja , Jha Lalit Lata , Bera Kinjal , Patel Shraddha
Published: September 2023

The global use of secondary metabolites like flavonoids, plant sterols, and alkaloids has been increasing due to their therapeutic benefits and fewer side effects compared to modern medicines. However, despite promising in vitro results, many herbal drugs and extracts demonstrate limited effectiveness in vivo due to their low lipid solubility and poor bioavailability. To address this issue, novel formulation strategies, particularly lipid-based delivery systems, are being proposed as carriers to enhance their bioavailability. This study focuses on the pharmaceutical development of liposomes that encapsulate three phytoconstituents, namely quercetin, berberine, and phytosterol, using the Quality by Design (QbD) concept. The Ishikawa diagram was utilized to identify the key factors affecting formulation quality, and the statistical experiment design concept was employed to optimize these factors. The liposomes were designed using the screening with the Placket-Burman approach and further optimized using the Box-Behnken method. The optimized liposomes exhibited an ideal size and achieved high entrapment efficiencies of 80.6%, 81.3%, and 80.35% for quercetin, berberine, and phytosterol, respectively. These liposomes were prepared using Phospholipon 90 G and cholesterol through the thin film hydration method. The resulting liposomes were thoroughly characterized and evaluated for morphology, % drug release, pharmacodynamic investigation, and stability studies.
A Validated HPTLC Method for Quantification of Linoleic Acid and Beta-Sitosterol in Solanum nigrum Extract
Authors: Chakraborty Arpan , Bhattacharjee Arka , Mondal Baishakhi , Chakraborty Manas , Mukhopadhyay Goutam , Majumder Alpana , Ghosh Maitrish
Published: September 2023

Solanum nigrum, a member of the Solanaceae family, has long been used as both food and medicine. This plant has been recognized for its immunomodulatory, anti-ulcerogenic, hepatoprotective, and anti-hyperlipidemic effects. It contains various chemical components such as alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, proteins, carbohydrates, glycosides, and phytosterols. The objective of the current work was to create a repeatable and consistent HPTLC-validated technique for concurrently detecting Beta-Sitosterol (BTS) and Linoleic Acid (LIA) in S. nigrum in accordance with ICH recommendations. The HPTLC process involved using silica gel 60 F254 TLC plates as the stationary phase and a mobile phase consisting of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and formic acid in a ratio of 6:4:0.2 (v/v/v). The resulting bands were uniformly visualized after derivatization with anisaldehyde sulfuric acid. The calibration curves of standard LIA and BTS exhibited satisfactory linearity within concentration ranges of 400-1150 ng/spot and 350-1200 ng/spot, respectively, with correlation coefficients (r2) of 0.99153 and 0.99389. LOD and LOQ were determined as 91.96 and 118.14 ng/spot for LIA, and 278.66 and 314.62 ng/spot for BTS, respectively. In conclusion, this HPTLC method proved to be efficient, simple, precise, and reproducible for measuring LIA and BTS in S. nigrum.
Avaliação dos diferentes tipos de secagem da casca de jabuticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora) para preservação dos compostos bioativos
Authors: Saibert Claudinei Luiz , Scalcon Araceli , Klauck Jéssica Angela Pandini , Ricardo Letycia Lopes , Schmitz Jones Erni
Published: August 2023

Os frutos da jabuticabeira (Myrciaria cauliflora Berg) apresentam propriedades antioxidantes, relacionadas com os compostos fenólicos presentes. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi definir qual método de secagem é o mais viável para a obtenção de pó de casca de jabuticaba, de modo a conservar os compostos fenólicos. As cascas foram secas em estufa com circulação forçada de ar, em liofilizador e em leito fluidizado, em seguida todo material foi triturado e submetido a análises de densidade aparente e compactada, umidade, pH e análise visual. Foram avaliadas a atividade antioxidante e a atividade antimicrobiana frente aos microrganismos S. aureus, E. coli e C. albicans. Verificou-se que o processo de secagem em leito fluidizado com vazão volumétrica de 600 m3/h na temperatura de 25 °C, possibilitou a obtenção de um valor IC50 de 29,7 µg/mL, sem afetar a atividade antimicrobiana e gerando um pó com características desejáveis para formulações nutracêuticas.
El derecho como representación. Las trayectorias normativas como instrumento metodológico de identificación teórica
Authors: Duarte Molina Tirson Mauricio
Published: September 2023

El derecho se ha perfilado como un fenómeno del lenguaje que condiciona la vida en sociedad. Las normas como construcción de aquel fenómeno contienen símbolos, representaciones y vacíos que tienen consecuencias en la vida en comunidad al tener efectos jurídicos, sociales y políticos. Sobre estos elementos, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo establecer un instrumento metodológico para abordar el sistema normativo desde posturas teóricas que expliquen su movimiento, caracterización y tensiones. Así, el artículo se perfila desde una perspectiva estrictamente metodológica a partir de la hermenéutica de las ciencias sociales, específicamente en lo que se refiere a la hermenéutica analógica por atribución; y aplica una metodología interpretativa-comprensiva para la construcción del instrumento mismo. De esta manera, se encontró una relación específica entre el contenido lenguájico del derecho, las diversas representaciones que se generan y sus implicaciones, teniendo como punto de partida la regla de reconocimiento hartiana. Además, se plantea la construcción de trayectorias normativas como instrumentos para la aplicación del derecho en relación con la realidad y con el lenguaje, dotando cada representación del ordenamiento de sentido según una teoría concreta.
Mechanisms of renal damage in patients with new coronavirus infection (literature review)
Authors: Utkina E. V. , Novakovskaya V. V. , Egorova M. V. , Fomina N. V. , Chesnokova L. D.
Published: September 2023

One in four people in the world currently has kidney problems to varying degrees. It is known that the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) is primarily a respiratory disease, but the kidneys are the target organ. Coronavirus is tropic to renal tissue due to the presence in the organ of the angiotensin converting enzyme type 2 and transmembrane serine protease 2, which are considered the target of this virus. The presence of any stage of renal insufficiency is an independent adverse risk factor for coronavirus infection and results in high hospitalization rates in hospitals and a mortality rate. Kidney damage is caused by a variety of pathogenetic mechanisms: direct cytopathic effect of the virus on their structure (in the kidney body - podocytes, mesangial cells, in the vascular glomerulus - endothelium of capillaries, in the proximal tubules - epithelial cells); cytokine storm; damage to the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; immunothrombosis. In many patients with confirmed coronavirus infection, significant changes in urine analysis (hematuria, proteinuria) and an increase in serum creatinine levels have been observed in the laboratory since the first days of the disease. One of the main risk factors for mortality is the development of acute renal injury. More research is needed on the exact effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the kidneys. Understanding the main pathogenetic pathways of kidney damage in COVID-19 is necessary for the development of strategies and the development of effective treatment methods.
Modern ultrasonic methods of diagnostics of hepatic steatosis
Authors: Kuznetsova A. S. , Dolgushina A. I. , Smagina N. V. , Lebedev E. V. , Genkel V. V.
Published: September 2023

The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, according to various estimates, affects a quarter of the world population. Significant interest in this pathology is due to the high frequency of adverse liver (steatohepatitis, liver fibrosis and cirrhosis) and extrahepatic (association with cardiovascular disease) outcomes. One of the key areas is the timely diagnosis of liver steatosis. Reference diagnostic methods, which include liver biopsy and magnetic resonance imaging with assessment of liver fat proportion weighted by proton density, have objective practical and financial limitations for their routine use in detection and quantitative assessment of liver steatosis. Therefore, one of the current trends in hepatology is the development of inexpensive, widely applicable, and reliable noninvasive diagnostic tools. The aim of the present review is a comparative analysis of various ultrasound methods of liver steatosis diagnostics: qualitative, semi-quantitative and quantitative (estimation of hepatorenal index, controlled attenuation parameter). The presented publication reviews the currently available methods of detection and assessment of severity of liver steatosis based on ultrasound examination, including their classification, methodology and comparison of diagnostic efficiency with analysis of intra- and inter-operator reproducibility, sensitivity and specificity.
The adaptive features of cardiohemodynamic and gas exchange readjustment under test load in young northern natives of different generations
Authors: Averyanova I. V. , Maksimov A. L.
Published: September 2023

The research aimed to study the restructuring of hemodynamics, gas exchange, and heart rate variability parameters in response to the stress test with breathing in confined space in different generations of young Caucasoid natives permanently residing in Russia’s Magadan region. Material and methods. Two hundred 18–21 year old male migrants and those born to them in 1–3 generations, all Caucasians by origin, participated in the Magadan city survey. During the resting and confined space rebreathing sessions we registered subjective heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen and carbon dioxide level. The heart rate variability was recorded by the Varicard complex coupled with the Iskim-6 software. The exhaled gas level was determined by the Karbonik analyzer. The blood oxygen saturation was measured by a pulse oximeter. An electronic tonometer was used for the blood pressure control. Results and discussion. Both resting and rebreathing tests revealed lower HRV rates in the group of migrants (zero generation): not only did they exhibit a decrease in the activity of the autonomic regulation contour – they also reported an imbalance in the sympathetic and parasympathetic regulation of cardiac hemodynamics. However, the 3rd generation subjects showed an optimal and stable balance between the links of autonomic regulation, both at rest and during functional exercise with rebreathing, which is reflected in the parameters of arterial pressure and gas exchange. Interestingly, the most informative indicators of adaptation are not the absolute values of the studied indicators but the difference between their background and testing values, which to a greater extent hold information on the body functional reserves of those born in the North in different generations constantly living in the extreme conditions of the North. It was found that the increase in parasympathetic activity and its influence on the cardiac rhythm both at rest and in response to a breathing test was most pronounced in the group of natives of the 3rd generation, which reflects a deeper degree of their adaptation to the northern conditions. Apparently, this is a manifestation of the general strategy of functional restructuring of the body’s regulatory systems aimed at the formation of optimal compensatory-adaptive restructuring of gas homeostasis during an increased period of residence in the North.
Comparative analysis of the structural organization of the human cerebellar cortex in the upper and lower semilunar lobes in the age aspect
Authors: Balandin A. A.
Published: September 2023

The cerebellum is not just a “coordination node” but phylogenetically the most ancient, multicomponent, complex system. The aim of the study was to carry out a comparative analysis of the structural organization of the cerebellar cortex in the upper and lower semilunar lobes in the age aspect.Material and methods. The data of the sectional study of the cerebellum of 196 men and 180 women who were divided into two groups were analyzed. In the first group, the structural organization of the cerebellar cortex in the area of the upper semilunar lobule and in the second group, in the area of the lower semilunar lobule was studied. The first group included 179 persons (93 men and 86 women) aged 21 to 88 years who died between 2016 and 2018; the second group included 197 persons (103 men and 94 women) aged 22 to 88 years who died between 2019 and 2022. Autopsy material was taken from the upper and lower semilunar lobes in both cerebellar hemispheres, was fixed according to the standard technique, and cortical thickness was determined.Results. Cortical thickness in both upper and lower semilunar lobules of both cerebellar hemispheres in both men and women statistically significantly decreased by senile age. Thus, by senile age, males depleted their cortex by 19.5 and 22.5 % in the upper semilunar lobule of the right and left hemisphere, respectively, and females by 20.4 % and 21.9 %, respectively. In the inferior semilunar lobule the corresponding decrease in cortical thickness was 21.5 and 21.9 % in males and 23.7 and 21.9 % in females. A positive correlation between cortical thickness of the upper and lower semilunar lobes, both in the right and in the left hemisphere was established.Conclusions. The results of the study can become starting points for understanding the processes of age-related neurodegeneration and serve as a scientific basis for further morphofunctional, basic and clinical research.
Disorders of depressive nature in migrants of the Far North with metabolic syndrome and arterial hypertension
Authors: Yaskevich R. A. , Kasparov E. V. , Gogolashvili N. G.
Published: September 2023

The available data convincingly show the presence of multiple pathophysiological links that explain the high probability of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS) in patients with affective disorders, and MetS itself has been proposed as a premorbid condition in patients with depression in cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The aim of the study was to investigate the association of depressive disorders with MetS and its components in migrants of the Far North with arterial hypertension after moving to new climatic and geographical living conditions.Material and methods. 267 patients of both sexes with arterial hypertension who arrived from the regions of the Far North for permanent residence in Central Siberia were examined. MetS verification was carried out in accordance with the clinical recommendations of the All-Russian Scientific Society of Cardiology (2009). To identify and assess the severity of depressive disorders, the hospital scale of anxiety and depression HADS was used.Results and discussion. Among migrants of the Far North with hypertension symptoms of depression and depressive disorders of a clinically pronounced nature occurred more frequently (36.3 and 14.1 %, respectively) compared to persons permanently residing in Krasnoyarsk (21.4 and 6.1 %, respectively, p = 0.001 and p = 0.011). Former residents of the Far North with signs of depression were much more likely to have three- and four-component combinations of MetS. Migrants of the Far North with MetS suffering from depressive disorders are characterized by the highest frequency of the five-component cluster of MetS.Conclusions. Among migrants of the Far North with hypertension, the incidence of depression in general, and especially of a clinically pronounced nature, is significantly higher compared to patients permanently residing in Krasnoyarsk; when their depression level rises, three- and four-component MC combinations become more common. The results of the correlation analysis suggest the existence of relationships between the level of depression and lipid metabolism in migrants of the Far North.
The role of minimally invasive technologies in the diagnosis and treatment of adhezive intestinal obstruction
Authors: Yusubov I. A.
Published: September 2023

One of the serious intra-abdominal complications after surgery is intestinal obstruction of adhesion origin (IOAO). Mortality during postoperative intestinal obstruction is 16.2–52.5 %. Aim of the study – laparoscopic diagnosis of IOAO in the early postoperative period and optimization of adhesiolysis.Material and methods. In the early postoperative period 70 patients with IOAO of upper gastrointestinal tract were examined and treated; laparoscopic operation was performed to 46 patients (the main group), an open method (laparotomy) – to 24 patients (the control group).Results and discussion. It was revealed that upper-middle and lower-middle incision laparotomies are more likely to cause intestinal obstruction. The sensitivity of preoperative ultrasound diagnosis of movable visceroparietal adhesions of small intestinal loops is 94.6 %, and the sensitivity of laparoscopic diagnosis is 99.2 %. When using minimally invasive technology, the frequency of intraoperative (4 (8.7 %) and 8 (33.3 %), respectively, p < 0.05) and postoperative complications (5 (10.9 %) and 13 (54.1 %), p < 0.05), mortality (0 and 4 (16.6 %), p < 0.05) and length of stay in hospital (5.7 (3–8) and 14.3 (10–17) days, p < 0,05) was less compared to laparotomy.Conclusions. Using of laparoscopic adhesiolysis and anti-adhesion barrier is appropriate in patients with I-II grade adhesion process. In cases where technical difficulties arise during laparoscopic adhesiolysis, it is more pathogenetically justified to separate adhesions by passing through a mini-laparotomy incision. If this is not possible, it is advisable to perform complex anti-adhesion measures, including conversion to laparotomy and systemic enzymotherapy after adhesiolysis.
Atomic force microscopy of erythrocytes of patients with different severity of pancreatitis
Authors: Pakhomova R. A. , Kochetova L. V. , Gulikian G. N. , Martseva A. P. , Kozlov V. V.
Published: September 2023

Aim of the study was to prove the possibility of using red blood cell probe microscopy as a predictor of the development of pancreonecrosis.Material and methods. Atomic force microscopy was performed in 143 people (82 were male and 61 were female). The study was performed on an Integra Aura probe microscope (ZAO NT-MDT, Russia). Each erythrocyte was scanned for cell membrane and cell as a whole. A total of 940 red blood cells were examined. According to the severity of acute pancreatitis, patients are distributed in three groups. As a control group, 37 people without somatic pathology were examined. Diagnosis and treatment of patients was carried out in the public health institution “Design Bureau” Russian Railways-Medicine “Krasnoyarsk” from 2015–2019.Results. The study showed that the shape of erythrocyte does not depend on the severity of pancreatitis and does not change, however, structural changes of the membrane occur in the form of the formation of multiple erosions on its surface. The membrane is deformed, and its adhesion increases. These changes reduce the transport capacity of the blood, which, in our opinion, leads to an increase in the general intoxication of the body and to a deterioration in the condition of the patient.Conclusions. Apparently, pancreatic enzymes entering the free bloodstream in the first phase of pancreatitis cause not only oxidative stress, but also the reorganization and destruction of the erythrocyte membrane. The increase in membrane rigidity and deformation of the erythrocyte surface cytoskeleton against the background of increased adhesion seems to disrupt the gas transmission function of erythrocyte and microrheological properties of blood, which in turn disrupts the exchange of amino acids, lipids and detoxification capabilities of blood. The appearance of erythrocytes in the free bloodstream with the presence of erosion on the surface of the erythrocyte membrane can serve as a prediction of a non-favorable course of acute pancreatitis and a predictor of a possible transition of edema pancreatitis to pancreonecrosis.
Step 3: Critically Appraising Evidence: Case-Control Studies
Authors: Givens Bell Susan
Published: September 2023

Critical appraisal of the evidence is the Step 3 in the evidence-based practice (EBP) process. This column, the fourth in a multipart series to describe the critical appraisal process, focuses on the critical appraisal of a case-control study.
A Randomized Clinical Trial to Compare Three Different Methods for Estimating Orogastric Tube Insertion Length in Newborns: A Single-Center Experience in China
Authors: Chen Jun , Huang Chaomei , Fang Xiaoling , Liu Lijun , Dai Yiheng
Published: September 2023

Background:Orogastric (OG) and nasogastric (NG) tubes are frequently used in the NICU. Obtaining a relatively accurate estimated length before insertion could significantly reduce complications. While previous studies have mainly focused on the NG tube, OG tubes are more commonly used in China.Purpose:The objective was to determine whether there were differences in the rate of accurate placement among the adapted nose-ear-xiphoid (NEX) method, nose-ear-midway to the umbilicus (NEMU) method, and weight-based (WB) equation in estimating the OG tube insertion distance.Methods:A randomized, controlled, open-label clinical trial to compare the three methods was conducted in a single center. After enrollment, newborns were randomly assigned into three groups. By radiological assessment, the anatomical region for OG tube placement was analyzed. The primary metric was the tip within the gastric body, and the second metric was strictly accurate placement defined as the tube was not looped back within the stomach and the end was located more than 2 cm but less than 5 cm into the stomach, referred to as T10.Results:This study recruited 156 newborns with the majority being preterm infants (n= 96; 61.5 percent), with an average birth weight of 2,200.8 ± 757.8 g. For the WB equation, 96.2 percent (50 cases) of the OG tubes were placed within the stomach, and the rates were 78.8 percent (41 cases) in the adapted NEX and NEMU methods. The strictly accurate placement rates were highest for the WB equation at 80.8 percent (42/52), followed by the adapted NEX method at 65.4 percent (34/52), and the NEMU method at 57.7 percent (30/52).Conclusion:The WB equation for estimating the insertion depth of the OG tube in newborn infants resulted in more precise placement compared to the adapted NEX and NEMU methods.
MICHEL FOUCAULT E A PEDAGOGIA DO TEATRO
Authors: Gomes Sidmar Silveira
Published: September 2023

Este artigo inventaria as interlocuções estabelecidas entre o pensamento de Michel Foucault e as práticas da pedagogia do teatro, a partir de um arquivo constituído por artigos científicos publicados em 68 revistas das áreas das Artes, das Artes Cênicas e da Educação. Constatou-se que grande parte dos textos escrutinados empregam Foucault conceitualmente: disciplina, poder, dispositivo, cuidado de si etc., são conceitos que aparecem como escopo teórico e temático dessas reflexões. Sugere-se, então, uma atenção aos modos procedimentais de Foucault como alternativa aos discursos regulares presentes no campo das práticas teatrais e, consequentemente, para que tais práticas se configurem como formas outras de lutas políticas e de resistência.
CORPOS QUE DESLIZAM NO TEMPO
Authors: Pinto Aline Da Silva , Roese Sanfelice Gustavo , Dos Santos Silva André Luiz , Fernandes feltes Alessandra
Published: September 2023

O PRENSENTE ESTUDO, TEM POR OBJETIVO COMPREENDER OS PROCESSOS DIALÓGICOS ENTRE CORPO, VELHICE E SOCIEDADE EM UM GRUPO DE MULHERES CANTORAS, EM UM GRUPO DE CANTO, NA CIDADE DE NOVO HAMBURGO-RS. UM ESTUDO QUALITATIVO COM INSPIRAÇÃO ETNOGRÁFICA, CUJOS INSTRUMENTOS FORAM: ANÁLISE DE ACERVO, ENTREVISTAS, OBSERVAÇÕES, DIÁRIOS DE CAMPO E MEMORIAIS DESCRITIVOS. AS MULHERES DO GRUPO SIGNIFICAM SUA PARTICIPAÇÃO NO CORO COMO FORMA DE EXISTIR NO MUNDO. OS MOVIMENTOS REPETITIVOS E A SINCRONIA SÃO PONTOS IMPORTANTES PARA O GRUPO, COM A IDEIA DE DISTÂNCIA DO ESTEREÓTIPO DA VELHICE. AS PERDAS SÃO CONTINUAMENTE COMENTADAS, TORNANDO ESSE ESPAÇO NUM LUGAR DE FIXAÇÃO, UM LUGAR QUE PERMANECE NUM MOMENTO DE TRANSITORIEDADE.
POSSIBILIDADES DO METAVERSO COMO RECURSO EDUCACIONAL
Authors: Rockenbach Tarouco Liane Margarida , Licks Missel Machado Luís Antônio , Da Silva Teresinha Letícia , Timóteo Dúlcio Joaquim Antonio
Published: September 2023

Este artigo analisa o uso potencial do metaverso como recurso educacional. A análise é pautada em aspectos derivados da taxonomia de objetivos educacionais de Bloom e na teoria cognitiva da aprendizagem multimídia. São apresentados exemplos de uso do metaverso que demonstraram que o experimento virtual tem eficácia significativa como solução a essas teorias.