bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Olhares docentes sobre a inclusão de estudantes com deficiência na educação superior
Authors: Pieczkowski Tania Mara Zancanaro , Naujorks Maria Inês
Published: December 2024

A expansão da educação superior brasileira cria novos desafios para as universidades e seus professores, dentre eles, o de ensinar e aprender com estudantes com deficiência. Este texto está vinculado à pesquisa para a tese de doutorado em educação, cujo objetivo foi tensionar o processo de inclusão de estudantes com deficiência na educação superior e compreender os seus efeitos na docência universitária. Foram entrevistados dez professores que atuaram com estudantes com deficiência em cursos de graduação, em duas universidades localizadas em Santa Catarina. O material empírico gerado por meio das entrevistas narrativas foi examinado pela perspectiva da análise do discurso, amparada nos referenciais foucaultianos. Destacamos, neste texto, discursos, de dois docentes, relativos à experiência de atuar com uma mesma estudante surda matriculada em um curso de graduação em Design, no qual atuaram os dois professores, evidenciando distintos olhares acerca de um sujeito da educação. A inclusão é discutida como prática política de governamentalidade.
Metodologia para o projeto de uma horta vertical
Authors: Alves Schneider Mikael , Dias Vianna Humberto
Published: December 2024

Com o crescimento populacional em constante expansão, as demandas por alimentos e a sustentabilidade se tornaram questões importantes para a sociedade e o setor agrícola. Este trabalho teve como objetivo aplicar uma metodologia de projeto para a concepção de uma estrutura vertical para o cultivo de plantas alimentícias em ambiente urbano. O trabalho explorou soluções que possibilitem um modelo de cultivo sustentável em pequenos espaços, tendo como foco o baixo custo de investimento. Um levantamento das necessidades dos possíveis usuários foi realizado por meio da aplicação de questionários. Os questionários forneceram subsídios para o projeto informacional e conceitual da estrutura. Essas fases compõem a metodologia utilizada no trabalho, para o processo de desenvolvimento do produto desejado. Com base na abordagem metodológica foi possível gerar o conceito de uma estrutura vertical, utilizando-se de tubos e conexões de PVC que sustentarão as plantas e permitem o armazenamento de água em seu interior, possibilitando, por meio do uso de micro tubos, a irrigação localizada para as plantas. O projeto desenvolvido representa uma possível forma de contribuir com a produção de plantas alimentícias, fornecendo um modelo de estrutura vertical viável e de baixo custo para a produção de plantas alimentícias no contexto urbano.
Efficacy, safety, and adverse effects of finasteride and dutasteride in treating benign prostatic hyperplasia: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Al Bazzaz Wishyar
Published: December 2024

Background and objective: Symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) results in several symptoms including the lower urinary tract symptoms. Consequently, BPH may affect the bladder and finally the kidneys. There are various pharmacological options for the treatment of BPH including 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors (5-ARIs) (finasteride or dutasteride). Recent researchers have demonstrated that using 5-ARIs for treating BPH may have unfavorable adverse effects. Therefore, this study aimed to compare finasteride and dutasteride in terms of their efficacy, safety, and adverse effects.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 170 patients, 77 patients who received finasteride and 93 patients who received dutasteride, the data obtained retrospectively from medical databases and file sheets were reviewed and selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria followed by the comparison between two groups regarding baseline characteristics, prostate volume and the incidence of adverse effects.

Results: Similarity observed between two groups at baseline characteristics. Statistically, no significant differences were identified between dutasteride and finasteride in the reduction of prostate volume. However, dutasteride and finasteride significantly reduced prostate volume at 1-year follow-up. No significant differences were observed between two agents regarding the incidence of adverse effects.

Conclusion: Finasteride and dutasteride improved lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) at one-year follow-up by reducing prostate volume. The incidence rate of adverse effects for finasteride and dutasteride was similar over one year.
Incidence and management of ureteric stricture in renal transplantation: A local center with ten years of experience
Authors: Mahmud Akram
Published: December 2024

Background and objective: Renal transplantation for patients with end-stage renal disease gives better long-term survival results and a better quality of life in comparison with maintenance dialysis. However, some general and urological complications may occur following kidney transplantation. One of those complications is ureteral stricture, but the harm of renal transplant can be avoided when treated in an accurate and timely manner. This study is carried out to determine the incidence of ureteral stricture of renal transplantation, and to appropriately diagnose and treat the conditions.

Methods: A retrospective study extended from July 2011 to February 2021. In this period, 1840 renal transplant performed by our team in Rizgary teaching and Zheen international hospitals, all from living donors.

Results: Among 1840 kidney transplant surgery, 17 patients were only admitted as ureteral stricture post-transplant operation (0.92%) that diagnosed by high serum creatinine in association with hydroureteronephrosis. Hydronephrosis subsided and renal function tests nearly normalized after drainage of transplanted kidney with percutaneous nephrostomy tube. Anastomosis site stricture was observed in 16 patients (94.1%), they were treated by ureteral re-implantation. DJ-stenting and upper ureteric stricture was observed in only one patient (5.9%) that treated through pyeloplasty technique.

Conclusion: Surgical treatment is the best choice of patients with ureteral stricture, post renal transplantation. For low grade stricture, endoscopic treatment may be offered although the rate of success is not high.
Intracranial translucency as a sonographic marker for detecting open spina bifida in the first trimester
Authors: Sulaiman Sawsan , Sedeq Medya
Published: December 2024

Background and objective: Neural tube defect is a serious congenital anomaly associated with lifelong disability, mortality and morbidity; it consists of heterogeneous group of disorders affecting brain and spinal cord. This study aimed to test the efficacy and accuracy of the intracranial translucency (fourth ventricle) in diagnosing open spina bifida.

Methods: A diagnostic prospective convenient study of intracranial translucency and open spina bifida was conducted in the Maternity Teaching Hospital / Erbil city, Kurdistan region /Iraq from the Feb 2021 till June 2022. The study included 200 pregnant women attended maternity teaching hospital for routine first trimester scan (11 wk -13 wk+6d) using a convenience method. Ultrasound examinations were performed using general electric (GE) ultrasound machine. The fetuses were classified into two groups; those fetuses which have clear visible intracranial translucency on ultrasound examination by the radiologist, and in the other group, the intracranial translucency was not clearly seen.

Results: The two studied groups were comparable in crown-rump length, number of pregnancies, number of children, maternal age, and maternal weight. Intracranial translucency was seen in 196 out of 200 (98%) and was not visible in 4 cases out of 200 (2%).

Conclusion: The intracranial translucency was considered a good sonographic marker with high accuracy and sensitivity in diagnosing cases of OSB among 11-13+6 weeks pregnant women.
Study of hematological parameters among blood donors in Duhok city
Authors: Mizouri Sawer
Published: December 2024

Background and objective: Changes in peripheral blood parameters are commonly seen in physiological, stressful and pathological conditions. The aim of this research was to study the abnormalities in hematological parameters of the blood donors in Duhok blood banking center.

Methods: This study was carried out at Duhok blood banking center, from 20th February, 2022, to July 1, 2022. The study included 1168 adult blood donors of both genders. A Complete blood count was performed by a three-part hematology analyzer and hematological parameters (Hb, HCT, PLT, WBC) were obtained from 1168 random blood donor samples. Open Epi program was used for data analysis; statistical significance was set at P <0.05 and 95% CL was accepted.

Results: Out of 1168 donors, 243 donated for the first time and 925 donors were repeated donors and 1148 (98.29%) were male with females constituting only 20 (1.71%) of all donors. The donors’ age was between 18 and 68 years. Age is generally divided into five groups G1= (< 20 years) and G2= (20-29 years), G3= (30 -39 years), G4= (40- 49 years) and G5= (> 50 years). Most of the donors (31.21%) were in the age group (30 – 39 years) meanwhile the deferral rate was higher in this age group.

Conclusion: It is evident from this study that abnormalities in hematological parameters are frequently seen amongst the blood donor population and frequently contributed to donor deferral and there is a need to maintain and keep hematology analyzer in the donor acceptance criteria.
The Effects of Local and Global Key Consistency on Musical Tension
Authors: You Siqi , Sun Lijun , Li Xiaoqing , Yang Yufang
Published: December 2024

Tonal music perception relies on hierarchical tension and relaxation, which is linked to predictive processes. However, the relationship between local and global processing in shaping tension is not fully understood. Our EEG and behavioral study manipulated musical congruence at local and global levels, revealing that local processing effects could be influenced by global factors. We found that when both local and global congruence were violated, there was a smaller P600 following increased beta oscillations, compared to when only global congruence was violated. This suggests that rapid fluctuations in tension during resolution processes resulted from limited modulation to predictive models. Furthermore, a higher amplitude of P600 occurred when local congruence was violated but global congruence was maintained, compared to when both were congruent, indicating that predictive updating required greater effort. However, local effects had the potential to override global effects, as evidenced by the disappearance of EEG effects induced by global incongruence in locally incongruent conditions and the resulting faster-changing tension curve. These findings suggest that local congruency plays a critical role in processing musical tension and holds a dominant position in music processing. The implications of these findings are discussed in detail in the theoretical framework of predictive processing.
Neuroscience in Music Research
Authors: Goldman Andrew
Published: December 2024

Neuroscientific accounts of music-theoretical topics are increasingly prominent. It is important to critically examine the challenges and contributions of incorporating neuroscience into music studies. Such examination allows for more meaningful integration and leads to better designed experiments that are appropriately sensitive to the historical and cultural situatedness of the topics they investigate. Here I discuss three contributions and three challenges. The contributions are mechanistic explanations (which identify entities and activities that carry out musical behaviors), comparison (which can unite or distinguish between apparently different or similar behavioral capacities), and the ability to transfer knowledge across domains of inquiry. The challenges are the problem of defining behavior (musical behaviors are underdefined, complicating the attribution of neural data), reverse inference (a logical fallacy complicating the association between neurophysiology and a musical task), and problems from issues of cognitive ontology (i.e., a set of fundamental cognitive capacities). Following this theoretical discussion, I apply the six ideas to recent work on improvisation and syntax (including my own), analyzing the work’s value and pitfalls. A final emergent theme from this critical analysis is that music neuroscience makes its best contributions when synthesizing work from other areas of music studies.
Exploring Melodic Contour
Authors: Goldstein Michal N. , Granot Roni , Ripollés Pablo , Farbood Morwaread M.
Published: December 2024

Previous studies investigating common melodic contour shapes have relied on methodologies that require prior assumptions regarding the expected contour patterns. Here, a new approach for examining contour using dimensionality reduction and unsupervised machine-learning clustering methods is presented. This new methodology was tested across four sets of data: two sets of European folk songs; a mixed-style, curated dataset of Western music; and a set of Chinese folk songs. In general, the results suggest the presence of four broad common contour shapes across datasets: convex, concave, descending, and ascending. In addition, the analysis revealed some micro-contour tendencies, such as pitch stability at the beginning of phrases and descending pitch at phrase endings. These results are in line with previous studies of melodic contour and provide new insights regarding the prevalent contour characteristics in Western music.
Building the Anticipation
Authors: Turrell Amelia S. , Halpern Andrea R. , Bannister Katy , Chai-Wi-Ting Dawn , Javadi Amir-Homayoun
Published: December 2024

Previous research on music-evoked emotions has suggested that people experience heightened tension around expected musical events, which mediates peak-pleasurable emotions. Electronic dance music (EDM) break routines are short and highly emotive music motifs, which are proposed to increase tension to peak levels during build-up passages, prior to highly expected drop passages that evoke peak-pleasurable emotions when listeners’ expectations are fulfilled. Continuous tension ratings throughout EDM break routines are therefore useful to better understand tension patterns around music expectations and their relationship with peak-pleasurable emotions. Thirty-four participants listened to break routines, while continuously rating felt tension. Peak-pleasurable emotions were then measured once via the two-dimensional space of valence and arousal after each break routine. Results showed that tension increased during build-up passages prior to expected drop passages, where it then decreased when expectations were fulfilled. While average tension did correlate with dimensions of peak-pleasurable emotions (valence, arousal, emotional strength, and emotional response), our data reflected continued feelings of average tension after break routines, rather than peak-pleasurable emotions as predicted. This suggests that tension is altered by music expectations, but that greater tension may not always increase peak-pleasurable emotions.
Hydrothermal synthesis of strontium sulfide/nitrogen-graphene quantum dot composites for next-generation supercapattery devices
Authors:   Department of Physics, COMSATS, Lahore Campus, Pakistan, Abbas W. , Mahmood A. ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia, Al-Masry W. ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia, Dunnill C. W. ,   Energy Safety Institute (ESRI), Swansea University Bay Campus, Swansea, SA1 8EN, UK
Published: December 2024

A supercapattery merges the advantageous characteristics of batteries and supercapacitors
(SCs). During this research, we synthesized strontium sulfide (SrS) using the hydrothermal
method, and then we doped it with nitrogen/graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs). For SrS/NGQDs, the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis determined the total surface area to be
15.50 m2
/g. Using the three-electrode assembly, the composite strontium sulfide (SrS/NGQDs) revealed a specific capacity (Cs) of 737 Cg-1. Battery-graded SrS/N-GQDs was
utilized as anode and activated carbon (AC) as cathode to assemble a hybrid supercapacitor
(SC). It delivered a remarkable power density of 1440 Wkg-1, the SrS/N-GQDs//AC
supercapattery displayed 167 Cg-1 in terms of capacity and an energy density of 35.7 Whkg -1. SrS/N-GQDs//AC maintained 91% of its initial capacity after 5000 cycles. SrS/N-GQDs
has remarkable electrochemical performance, indicating its potential use as a nanostructured
electrode in next-gen electrochemical energy storage (EES) devices.
Phase transformation and size control of CdS and Fe/CdS nanoparticles prepared by pulsed laser ablation
Authors:   University of Babylon, College of Science for Women, Department of Laser Physics, Hilla-Najaf Street, Babylon, 51002, Iraq, Ahmed A. S. , Sharba A. B. ,   University of Babylon, College of Science for Women, Department of Laser Physics, Hilla-Najaf Street, Babylon, 51002, Iraq, Salman Q. M. ,   University of Babylon, College of Science for Women, Department of Laser Physics, Hilla-Najaf Street, Babylon, 51002, Iraq
Published: December 2024

This work presents the synthesis and characterization of Homophase CdS and Heterophase
Fe/CdS nanoparticles prepared by pulsed laser ablation (PLA) in water and methanol using
nanosecond duration Nd:YAG laser. The morphology, the crystalline state, and the
structure of the products were examined by performing SEM, XRD, and FTIR
measurements, respectively. The results showed the transformation of the crystalline phase
and changing the clustering size of CdS nanoparticles when performing PLA in methanol
and water. Fe/CdS Heterojunctions were obtained in both liquids. The presence of Fe
nanoparticle imposed another phase transformation and significantly improved the
aggregation properties of the CdS nanoparticles.
Synthesis and analysis of bismuth oxychloride and bismuth tungstate using cyclic microwave irradiation method for photocatalytic applications
Authors:   Faculty of Science, Energy and Environment, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Rayong Campus, Rayong 21120, Thailand, Wannapop S. , Saisata A. ,   Faculty of Science, Energy and Environment, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Rayong Campus, Rayong 21120, Thailand, Bamrungpitak N. ,   Faculty of Science, Energy and Environment, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Rayong Campus, Rayong 21120, Thailand, Chuminjak Y. ,   Energy Storage Technology Research Team (ESTT), Energy Innovation Research Group (EIRG), National Energy Technology Center (ENTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 111 Thailand Science Park, Thanon Phahonyothin, Tambon Khlong Nueng, Amphoe Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand, Somdee A. ,   Faculty of Science, Energy and Environment, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Rayong Campus, Rayong 21120, Thailand
Published: December 2024

The BiOCl and Bi2WO6 successfully used the cyclic microwave method at 450 W. The
structure, morphology, and optical properties were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD),
electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV-visible
spectrophotometer. The impact of dye treatment from photocatalytic synthesis, with and
without pH adjustment, was also examined. It was discovered that the pH adjustment of the
Bi2WO6 photocatalyst improved the treatment of MO dyes to 91% removal after 80 minutes.
Additionally, the ability of the photocatalyst to treat other dyes, such as rhodamine B (RhB)
and methylene Blue (MB), was evaluated.
Study on the surface sizing of modified chitosan and its effect on the properties of dialysis paper
Authors:   Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science & Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China, Fu B. Q. , Zuo J. H. ,   Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science & Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China, Zhao H. F. ,   Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science & Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China, Sha L. Z. ,   Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science & Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China, Li J. ,   Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science & Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China, Chen J. B. ,   Winbon Schoeller New Materials Co., Ltd, Quzhou 324499, China
Published: December 2024

In order to improve the paper properties and enhance the utilization efficiency of
functional chemical additives, surface sizing agents were prepared by combining
water-soluble maleic anhydride acylated chitosan (MAAC), carboxymethylated chitosan
(O-CMCS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and the effects of sizing process on the surface
morphology, physical strength and antimicrobial properties of the dialysis paper were
investigated. The results showed that when the coating weight was about 6.5 g/m2 and the
dosage of the modified chitosan was about 1.5% of the paper weight, the dry tensile
strength, wet tensile strength and burst strength of paper sized with MAAC/PVA sizing
agent increased by 46.5%, 82.2% and 107%, respectively, compared to that of unsized
paper, while the dry tensile strength, wet tensile strength and burst strength of paper sized
with O-CMCS/PVA sizing agent increased by 41.4%, 53.6% and 107%, respectively. In
addition, the paper sized with MAAC/PVA and O-CMCS/PVA sizing agent displayed
excellent antibacterial effect, which had the antibacterial rate against E. coli of 94.8% and
92.9%, respectively. In a word, the physical strength and antimicrobial properties of paper
could be greatly improved by adding a small amount of modified chitosan (CS) to the
surface sizing agent, and the strength improvement and antibacterial effect of MAAC/PVA
sizing agent were better than that of O-CMCS/PVA.
Structural studies and in vitro cytotoxic activity of dodecylamine passivated palladium sulfide and ruthenium sulfide quantum dots
Authors:   Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa, Paca A. M. , Singh M. ,   School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa, Ajibade P. A. ,   School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg campus, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa
Published: December 2024

Dodecylamine capped palladium sulfide (PdS-DDA) and ruthenium sulfide (RuS-DDA)
nanoparticles were synthesized from bis(piperidinedithiocarbamato)palladium(II) and
tris(piperidinedithiocarbamato)ruthenium(III). The optical band gaps were 4.34 eV for PdSDDA and 3.63 eV for RuS-DDA nanoparticles. The PdS-DDA corresponds to tetragonalPdS while RuS-DDA have cubic crystalline phase. The PdS-DDA nanoparticles were
monodispersed with particle sizes of 3.15-5.63 nm while the RuS-DDA nanoparticles had
particle sizes of 1.18-1.75 nm. Anticancer screening revealed PdS-DDA nanoparticles have
better cytotoxicity with IC50 of 10.02 μg/mL against HEK293 and 38.89 μg/mL against
HeLa in comparison to about 90.02 μg/mL for RuS-DDA nanoparticles against both cells.
Matriz de Indicadores para el Diseño y Evaluación de Buenas Prácticas de Aprendizaje-Servicio Universitario
Authors: Santos-Pastor Mª Luisa , Garoz-Puertas Ignacio , Frutos de Miguel Jonatan , Arribas-Cubero Higinio F.
Published: December 2024

El Aprendizaje-Servicio Universitario (ApSU) se consolida como un enfoque pedagógico con gran potencialidad formativa. La proliferación de experiencias innovadoras en la educación superior ha quedado constatada en diferentes foros, al igual que las evidencias de su impacto en la investigación. Sin embargo, son limitadas las herramientas disponibles para abordar la evaluación de la calidad de los proyectos de ApSU. Este artículo presenta la construcción y validación de una herramienta para la evaluación de la calidad de estos proyectos, con el propósito de que orienten su diseño, aplicación y evaluación. El proceso metodológico seguido para su construcción se ha centrado en la consulta a personas expertas con método Delphi y en su posterior pilotaje. El resultado final obtenido ha sido una matriz a través de una estructura reticular en la que sus componentes (dimensiones e indicadores) se interrelacionan entre sí. La función que pretende cumplir es doble. Por una parte, orientar el desarrollo de los proyectos de ApSU y, por otro, evaluar su adecuación y calidad. Además, ofrece claves para compartir espacios de diálogo con los agentes implicados, y posibilitar la reflexión crítica, el aprendizaje transformador y una práctica consciente. Las limitaciones encontradas están relacionadas con la diversidad de enfoques prácticos del ApSU, la complejidad intrínseca de la aplicación de la propia metodología, así como la diversidad contextual y variedad de colectivos que pueden participar.
Túnez y la cuestión palestina: entre la solidaridad y el pragmatismo
Authors: Govantes Bosco
Published: December 2024

Desde su independencia en 1956, Túnez ha apoyado una solución de dos Estados según las fronteras de la ONU de 1947 y ha respaldado al pueblo palestino. Esto no ha impedido el mantenimiento de relaciones políticas y económicas con Israel, mayormente tácitas, pragmáticas y fluctuantes según el contexto político. Del mismo modo, y a pesar de su apoyo oficial, las relaciones con las autoridades palestinas han estado condicionadas por las presiones árabes y del conflicto. Aunque el presidente Kais Saïed ha endurecido el discurso pro-palestino, no se observan cambios sustanciales en la posición tradicional de Túnez respecto a las partes.
Un catalán contra el Rif: Joaquín Planell y la guerra química en Marruecos (I) De Trubia a La Marañosa
Authors: Martínez Antonio Javier
Published: December 2024

Este artículo es la primera parte de un trabajo sobre la figura del oficial de Artillería catalán Joaquín Planell Riera. A través de su trayectoria profesional y de la de un pequeño grupo de actores relacionados con él se contribuirá a esclarecer los orígenes del programa español de guerra química y, especialmente, la hasta ahora desconocida contribución de personal, centros e industrias de Cataluña. En concreto, se reconstruirán las iniciativas tempranas de Planell en relación con las dos principales infraestructuras militares de producción de gases que se crearon en España durante la Guerra del Rif: el Taller de Gases de Melilla y la Fábrica de Productos Químicos de la Marañosa.
Towards a Chronotopical Analysis of Urban Squares
Authors: Remm Tiit
Published: December 2024

This research aims to develop semiotic tools for analysing emergent and recently (re)designed urban everyday spaces, an emergent, changing and internally heterogeneous sociocultural phenomenon. Interlinking environmental semiosis of material space, interpretations by users in (inter)actions and textualisation in culture, the framework of chronotopical analysis is proposed and explored, together with broadening it from literary studies to the domain of urban space. Its application is exemplified in the material of recently (re)designed town squares in Estonia, an outcome of a nationwide program to revitalise small towns and develop the appreciation of public space in Estonian culture. The study outlines the framework of chronotopical analysis and demonstrates its potential for the integrative semiotic analysis of the multi-layered and dynamic character of recently designed urban spaces.
MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF THE MOVEMENT OF GAS BUBBLES IN THE FUEL FLOW AT THE TRANSIENT STAGE OF OPERATION OF THE MAIN ENGINES
Authors: Davydov Sergey , Rak Danylo , Davydova Anastasia
Published: December 2024

The work is devoted to the theoretical analysis of the movement of gas bubbles in the fuel tanks of spacecraft at the transitional stages of the operation of the main engines, which are associated with the re-activation of the propulsion system in zero gravity.
When the main engines are turned on, there is a rapid change in the level of longitudinal acceleration and a corresponding change in fuel consumption from the fuel tank cavity. Of particular interest is the restart of engines in conditions of movement of the aircraft along the passive section of the trajectory, when the fuel in the tanks is in a state of practical weightlessness. At the same time, the boost gas is arbitrarily distributed in the tank cavity in the form of separate gas bubbles of different sizes.
To ensure the successful start of the main engines in this case, special means of ensuring fuel continuity are used, among which mesh phase separators are the most effective. The operability of mesh phase separators depends on the level of the effective pressure drop on their working surface during the entire period of their operation. When the engines are restarted, there is a possibility of gas bubbles depositing on the surface of the mesh phase separators and, as a result, a corresponding increase in the pressure drop to a critical level. Therefore, attention is drawn to the behavior of gas bubbles in fuel tanks at the transitional stages of the operation of the main engines, in conditions of rapid changes in fuel consumption and mass longitudinal acceleration.
The paper presents a mathematical model of this process, which is obtained under some simplifying assumptions. In addition, analytical dependencies are given that describe the behavior of a gas bubble in a non-stationary fuel flow and a change in the level of longitudinal mass acceleration. The proposed mathematical model and the analytical solution obtained on its basis are recommended for use in engineering practice in the preliminary design of fuel continuity systems for promising multi-purpose spacecraft.
The invariants of kinetics of structural elements of metal surfaces
Authors: Korotkevich S.V.
Published: December 2024

The complexity of the study of the interface under external influences is determined by the simultaneous course of a variety of processes (heat conduction, diffusion, mass transfer, hardening, amorphization, destruction, etc.) and the correct choice of the scale factor (load-rate parameters, etc.) of the external influence. The latter allows to establish the course of the dominating process in their variety and, as a consequence, to reveal and establish the basic fundamental laws (invariants) describing this process. It is necessary to break down a complex process into its component parts in the form of simpler processes. In each simple process, isolate the main fundamental laws and describe them using invariant relations [1]. At present there are no scientifically grounded fundamental principles applied both in the field of physics, chemistry, mechanics, and in the field of metal physics and materials science [2]. The modern state of the problem of creation, destruction and wear of materials is characterized as a transitional period between the accumulation of experimental data and their interpretation in the categories of mechanics, physics, chemistry and elaboration of basic structural laws (invariants) of contact interaction during contact interaction. May it be necessary to work up other invariant, independent from the schemes and regimes of solid tests, criteria and characteristics, and then – work out the means for measurements? What quantity or criterion may be laid as the foundation for description of complex contact solid phenomena? Understanding of the mechanism of proceeding complex contact phenomena will allow working out intellectual materials with inverted connection, including nana-materials [3, 4]. It should be emphasized that the author of this report fifteen years ago raised the question of finding invariants [5]. The principle of least action (Hamilton’s principle) was proposed as a theoretical justification for the search for invariants. Systematic and painstaking research work carried out by the author made it possible to define and formulate these invariants [6–9].
Increasing the wear resistance of the locomotive wheel crest by introducing an antifriction additive into the lubricant
Authors: Vashchishina A.P. , Vashchishin S.P.
Published: December 2024

Tests were carried out to determine the wear of the surface of the locomotive wheel rail using a Puma lubricant with a sulfonic additive, with an additive of a hydroquinone derivative and an organophosphorus compound and to determine the amount of diffusionally active hydrogen released in the system. The purpose of the work was to determine the wear of the rail material and analyze the lubricant with the selected additives. The principle of action of additives and the nature of their interaction with rubbing surfaces is analyzed. Additives have been identified that reduce surface wear, as well as an additive that best binds hydrogen. As a result of the work, it was revealed that the additives of the sulfo- and organophosphate compounds reduce the wear of the friction surface, and it is also shown that the organophosphate compound reduces the release of diffusionally active hydrogen into the system.
Effects of diabetes mellitus and cervical changes on scar healing after cesarean section
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram School of Medicine, Konya, Turkey, Doğru Şükran , Ezveci Huriye ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram School of Medicine, Konya, Turkey, Akkuş Fatih ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram School of Medicine, Konya, Turkey, Yaman Fikriye Karanfil ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram School of Medicine, Konya, Turkey, Alp Elifsena Canan ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Necmettin Erbakan Univercity, Meram School of Medicine, Konya, Turkey, Gezginç Kazim ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Necmettin Erbakan Univercity, Meram School of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
Published: December 2024

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of diabetes mellitus and cervical dilatation on cesarean sec- tion scar healing. Material and methods: This prospective study included pregnant women diagnosed with diabetes mellitus and healthy control pregnant women. The study group was divided into active labor and pre-active labor based on cervical dilatation, and the diabetic group was categorized into gestational diabetes and preexisting diabetes mellitus. Vaginal ultrasound was performed in the entire study group at six months postpartum, and the location of the cesarean scar was evaluated. Results: There were 170 participants in the study; 85 were diabetic, and the remaining 85 were healthy controls. Niche frequency in diabetes mellitus cases was not different from that in healthy controls (p = 0.420). The mean residual myo- metrial thickness, proximal residual myometrial thickness, and distal residual myometrial thickness were lower in the diabetic group (p = 0.001). Residual myometrial thickness and niche presence in the diabetic group with active labor was not statistically different from the diabetic group without active labor (p >0.05). Additionally, residual myometrial thickness was thinner in the gestational diabetes mellitus group than in the preexisting diabetes mellitus group (3.61 ± 1.78 mm vs. 4.76 ± 2.82 mm, p = 0.032). Conclusions: There was no significant difference in niche frequency between diabetic cases and healthy controls. When com- paring the gestational diabetes mellitus group and the preexisting diabetes mellitus groups, there was no difference in the presence of niches. Niche presence was more common in diet-regulated diabetic patients compared with the insulin-regulated group. Cervical dilatation at the time of cesarean section did not affect niche presence in diabetic cases.
Effects of innovative technology of “Paški sir” production on its aroma profile
Authors:   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Chemistry, Svetošimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Vinceković Marko
Published: December 2024

“Paški sir” is produced on the island of Pag using milk from native Pag sheep. This study illustrates the impact of innovative production technologies on the aromatic profile of “Paški sir” cheese. The aroma profile of „Paški sir” cheese samples were analyzed using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method (GC-MS). A total of 136 components were detected in the cheese samples, including hydrocarbons (30), ketones (17), aldehydes (14), alcohols (30), esters (18), acids (19), and lactones (8). Cheeses produced using natural commercial rennet and commercial thermophilic dairy cultures (control group) contained the highest concentrations of ketones, alcohols, and lactones. Cheeses produced with lyophilized autochthonous lamb rennet and microencapsulated dairy cultures (group 1) contained the highest concentrations of hydrocarbons, while cheeses produced using innovative microcapsules based on autochthonous lamb rennet and dairy cultures (group 2) contained the highest concentrations of aldehydes, esters, and acids. The application of these innovative technologies in the preparation of autochthonous rennet and dairy cultures for use in traditional cheese production can enhance its recognition and demand in the global market without negatively altering the sensory properties of the cheese.
Influence of overpressure on microbiological properties and aroma components of semi-hard cheese during ripening in specially designed ripening chambers
Authors:   Shmat “Abdyl Frasheri” Prishtine, Kosovo, Abdurramani Almir
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of special ripening conditions on the cheese ripening process and the qualitative characteristics of the final product. The ripening chambers were specially designed to allow precise control of microclimatic conditions, including temperature, humidity, airflow, and most importantly, overpressure. Research methods included conducting microbiological analyses and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis of volatile components on cheese samples aged in a control and overpressure chamber over two months at 10-16 °C and 75-85 % relative humidity. The effect of ripening time (3.59-6.41 weeks, which is approximately 3 weeks and 4 days, and 6 weeks and 3 days, respectively) and overpressure (1.18- 3.31 mbar) was investigated by response surface methodology (RSM). The results showed that overpressure has successfully controlled bacterial and yeast growth during ripening time. Mould levels have shown different trends, with initial growth, followed by a decrease until the end of the ripening period. As for volatile compounds, the presence of 3,5 dihydroxydecanoic acid 1,5 lactone was found to be the most abundant aroma component found in cheese samples. It was concluded that the use of special ripening chambers with overpressure treatment could significantly enhance the microbial stability and aromatic profile of cheese, thereby improving its overall quality.
Interfered Russian Speech of Native Speakers of the Kabardian-Circassian Language: An Experimental Study
Authors: Gurtueva Irina , Kamensky Michael
Published: December 2024

The mismatch between the speech of non-native’s and the native language resources used in training, as well as acoustic and linguistic modelling of pronunciation based on a data-driven approach induce the challenging task of automatic speech recognition for non-native’s. The existing approaches to overcoming these difficulties are based on the use of non-native speech resources or multilingual corpora and are proved to be ineffective. It is necessary to study the specifics of speech psychophysiological mechanisms of bilinguals who use two or more language systems in communication. This paper shows the results of the experimental phonetic study of interlingual interference and accent in Russian speech of the native Kabardian-Circassian speakers. The experimental materials include audio recordings of phonatory reading of a previously prepared list of words. The preliminary acoustic analysis of the initial formant measurements executed on the non-native Russian speech of the Kabardian-Circassian speakers showed a systematic deviation of the acoustic patterns of [A] and [O] vowel allophones in the F1-F2 space. The crucial identification feature of the accent vowel [A] in the speech of male and female native speakers of the Kabardian-Circassian language is the systematic deviation of its formant characteristics in space (F1-F2) to the right-up direction from the standard values of the orthoepic norm of the Russian language. The identification features of vowel [O] in the speech of male speakers are the high variability of the F2 second formant values and a significant shift of the average value of F2 upwards from the gender-neutral and gender-specific reference values. For female speakers, the distinctive feature of the Kabardian-Circassian accent is the localisation of observations to the right by F1 and down by F2 relative to the gender-specific reference in space (F1-F2). Comparison of vocal systems based on acoustic characteristics allows the authors to assess objectively the mutual influence of language systems, identify systematic errors in real speech activity, and reduce the inaccuracy of categorisation based on rather conventional phonetic features of vowels. This research is aimed at developing methods for modelling the speech of non-native speakers for subsequent use in speech recognition systems, as well as accent and language identification in conditions of limited linguistic resources. The experimental data obtained can be useful for further development of contrastive analysis theory, typical interference pronunciation errors identification, and also contribute to elaboration of theoretical models of foreign language acquisition.
Understanding the Typical Borrowing of “Superman” in the Russian-Language Media Discourse
Authors: Guseva Anna
Published: December 2024

Globalization as a factor of the formation of new behavioral patterns in the communicative practice of the host culture is closely related to the phenomenon of character type borrowings, which include the lexeme superman. The purpose of the investigation is to study the peculiarities of linguistic understanding of the character type borrowing superman in Russian-language media discourse. The study was conducted on the basis of data from the National Corpus of the Russian Language and included an analysis of the thematic contexts of the use of the lexeme nominating the character type borrowing superman in texts belonging to various genres of media discourse. The character type “superman” has been established to be embedded in the system of basic concepts of Russian culture and form the following value oppositions: in thematic contexts related to the field “Art, Culture and Leisure” the behavior of Superman, the hero of American films, based on the cult of physical strength and permissiveness, is interpreted as contrary to the moral ideals laid down in classical Russian literature; in thematic contexts related to the field of “Army and Armed Conflicts”, the opposition “superman” – “Russian warrior” is constituted according to the parameter of ability/inability to accomplish a feat; in thematic contexts related to the field of “Politics and Public Life” it is shown that in American society “superman” is understood as a symbol of the fight against enemies and for social justice. In the Russian-speaking space it acquires negative connotations, since it describes a politician as the one not able to instantly solve social problems of society; in the thematic area of “Health and Medicine” the image of Superman reflects his commitment to a healthy lifestyle and is characterized by a high level of self-control, which is frowned upon in Russian-language media discourse. We conclude that the linguistic understanding of the borrowed character types in the media space introduces new conceptual features, due to the value system of the host culture.
Dynamics of Junior and Senior Adolescents’ Cognitive Structures in Oral Spontaneous Recalls
Authors: Petrova Anna , Privalova Irina
Published: December 2024

This work analyzes dynamics in manifestation of cognitive structures in junior and senior adolescents. The data were obtained experimentally through oral recalls of educational texts on social studies. The purpose of the study is to identify cognitive sphere development that is reflected in the propositional and semantic elements of oral recalls produced by adolescents of different ages. The cognitive structures were detected within the cognitive-and-discursive paradigm with the help of psychological and psycholinguistic diagnostic approaches. Special functional syntax methods of predicate-and-actant elements of utterances analysis were used. It has been found out that the denotative maps of oral recalls performed by junior and senior adolescents demonstrate cognitive structures advancement, which is manifested in the evolution of thinking, consciousness, memory and language skills. As a teenager grows up, the actant-predicate relations in the logical scheme of recalls become more complex, in particular, there is an increase in number of complex semantic structures with connectors, taxis relations, the use of predicates with abstract and aspectual properties like resultative, procedural, dynamic, terminal, and statal. This article offers an insight into the work of adolescent’s cognitive system. The findings can be used in corpus and empirical studies.
The Key Concepts of Traditional Spiritual Culture and the Means of Their Expression in the Lexicon of Dialect Speakers
Authors: Starodubtseva Natalya , Kharchenko Svetlana
Published: December 2024

The paper presents a study of dialect speakers’ lexicon excerpt correlated with the sphere of traditional spiritual culture. A classification of an extensive array of facts recorded whilst surveying the informants in the points of mixed residence in Volgograd region is proposed. The research is carried out in line with the established methodological principles of linguistic units interpretation, and is based on the material extracted from the speech recordings of native speakers of the Don and Ukrainian dialects. The study focused on the key concepts in the spiritual culture of the Russian-Ukrainian population of the region. The concepts are verbalized in the speech of dialect speakers, whose way of life, traditions and customs reflect the life of a nationally heterogeneous continuum. The lexical units relevant for the transition of culturally significant information are defined. It is revealed regarding the content-and-semantic principle of detailing information in the text (within the framework of themes and microthemes) and the semantic-and-categorical means of representing ethnocultural meanings in context (within situations and micro-situations). For residents of mixed settlements, the topics “Ethnic identification of dialect speakers”, “Kinship. Family. Kinship and family relations, traditions”, “Calendar and folk rituals, customs and beliefs”, “Leisure amusements, folk games, fun”, “Nature in traditional spiritual culture”, “Folk medicine, healing”, “Folk etiquette, moral norms of behavior in society, community” are noted to be significant. The article describes the procedure for segmenting an excerpt of dialect speakers’ lexicon into individual topics that reflect traditional culture in its spiritual component; it shows the lexical content of microthemes recorded in the stories of Russian- and Ukrainian-speaking informants; and provides the description of lexical means significant for the realization of these ethno-cultural meanings.