bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STUDENT’S PERCEPTION OF PROJECT-BASED LEARNING MODEL WITH CANVA IN ENGLISH WRITING CLASS AT SMK NEGERI 1 BUSUNGBIU
Authors: Dewanti Desak Made Indah
Published: March 2024

The popularity of Project-Based Learning (PBL) is increasing as it focuses on students’ learning process than the teaching process. There are ample sources showing that using PBL can enhance students' skills, abilities, and interests. However, in the context of Vocational High School students in Indonesia, there is still a limited amount of research on perceptions of PBL, especially when it is combined with the use of media, for example, Canva Application. The aim of this study was to assess students' attitudes toward the Project-Based Learning (PBL) model and the utilization of the Canva application in an English class. The research employed questionnaires and interviews as data collection techniques. The research participants were 29 students from the XI Hospitality class at SMK Negeri 1 Busungbiu. The findings obtained through the questionnaires and interviews indicated that the students exhibited favorable perceptions of the PBL model. The materials used in the PBL approach were perceived to be clear, captivating, and easily accessible, and was observed to bolster students' motivation and writing skills. Moreover, the employment of the Canva application for writing in English was also well-received by the students, despite the identification of certain limitations associated with the application.
IDENTIFYING STUDENTS' LEARNING MOTIVATION AT THE START OF FACE-TO-FACE LEARNING POST COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN DENPASAR CITY
Authors: I Ketut Manik Asta Jaya
Published: March 2024

This research aims to identify the level of students' learning motivation as they return to face-to-face learning in Denpasar City. This study is important for educators in making policy decisions to develop appropriate learning strategies and optimize students' learning motivation. The research falls under the category of quantitative research, employing a survey method distributed through Google Forms. The sample for this study consisted of 32 respondents who were sixth-grade students in elementary schools. The sample was determined using random sampling technique, selecting two schools from each of the four districts in Denpasar City. The research findings indicate that the learning motivation of elementary school students at the beginning of face-to-face learning post-COVID-19 pandemic in Denpasar City is categorized as good. This can be observed from the average percentage of respondents' answers for all indicators, which is 77.62 percent. However, several issues were also identified, such as the lack of motivation among students to improve learning outcomes and the limited awareness of utilizing the school library for reading purposes.
Implementation of Integrated Science Course Program based on SAINS-Edu: Strengths and Weaknesses
Authors: Gunawan Kadek Dwi Hendratma
Published: March 2024

This research described the Integrated Science course program based on SAINS-Edu to improve students' conceptual mastery. The program utilized pedagogical scaffolding and an artificial intelligence-based recommendation system in SAINS-Edu. The research design employed was an experimental study using a one-group pretest-posttest approach. Data were statistically analyzed to test mean differences using the t-test and to measure the impact using effect size. The data were also descriptively analyzed to highlight its strengths and weaknesses. The t-test results indicated a significant difference with value of 29,881. The effect size showed a high category with value of 4,775, signifying the effectiveness of this program in enhancing students' conceptual mastery. The program combines personalization and integration aspects that allow students to design integrated science learning in line with their interests and needs. The program's strengths encompass the inclusion of scaffolding, enhanced conceptual mastery, and higher-order thinking skills, along with student collaboration. Challenges include the time and resources required for software design, curriculum changes, and technological dependence. The study's findings provide a foundation for the development of similar course programs and the potential to enhance students' conceptual mastery in various learning contexts.
VALUE OF PANCASILA STUDENT PROFILE IN CATUR PRAMANA LEARNING MODEL
Authors: Budi Wijaya I Komang Wisnu , Ni Wayan Satri Adnyani
Published: March 2024

The information age brings humans to live in uncertainty and unpredictable change. Therefore, to prepare competitive graduates, the government has prepared a curriculum known as the Merdeka Curriculum. The main aim of the Merdeka curriculum is to form a Pancasila student profile. Talking about learning, Hinduism recognizes a way of learning or acquiring knowledge known as Catur Pramana. In this article, the value of the Pancasila student profile contained in Catur Pramana-based learning will be analyzed as literature research. The research stages consisted of collecting literature, reviewing the collected literature, sorting library sources according to the research objectives, analyzing data and drawing conclusions. The data analysis technique was carried out using content analysis techniques. The research results show that all the values of the Pancasila student profile are contained in the Catur Pramana learning model.
Exploration of Biology Learning Experiences Among Students of SMAN 3 Singaraja
Authors: Indrawan I Putu Oktap , Ilma Wiryanti  , Kadek Sudarsini
Published: March 2024

This study aims to explore the learning experiences of biology students, particularly within the realms of face-to-face and online learning, and to identify solutions for enhancing the quality of education. The research methodology employed is the Convergent Mixed Methods Design. The participants in the study encompassed 43 twelfth-grade students specializing in the natural sciences (IPA) and three biology teachers. Data collection was conducted through questionnaires, interviews, and observations, followed by a comprehensive analysis employing both quantitative and qualitative descriptive techniques. The research findings reveal that the primary challenges faced by students in the realm of biology education include difficulties in recalling scientific terminology, inadequate preparation prior to lessons, limited engagement with everyday biological issues, struggles in time management for studying, a lack of focus during learning, and difficulties in comprehending biological concepts. Over half of the students exhibit a preference for face-to-face learning, though online learning and hybrid modes are also popular. Among the Learning Management Systems (LMS) in use, Google Classroom stands out as the most frequently employed. The principal sources of internet access for the students include home Wi-Fi, tethering from the devices of parents, siblings, or friends, and internet cafes. While internet connectivity at school is generally available, the issue of unstable signals persists. The research outcomes carry significant implications for the development of more effective strategies in biology education, such as interactive approaches, the integration of real-world contexts, and the augmentation of digital infrastructure. Additionally, external factors and social considerations necessitate careful consideration in the development of comprehensive teaching strategies.
Science Learning Strategies in Elementary Schools
Authors: Dinatha Ngurah Mahendra , Dimas Qondias  , Dek Ngurah Laba Laksana  , Gervarsia Virjinlia Anita Dhena  , Yosefina Owa Meme
Published: March 2024

Science learning is a process that allows students to gain direct experiences, enabling them to enhance their abilities to comprehend, retain, and apply the concepts they have learned. This research method involves a literature review aimed at discussing science teaching strategies for elementary school students in character development. The criteria for scientific articles used as data consist of scholarly articles sourced from national journals published within the past 5 years, from 2018 to 2023. The study reveals various science teaching strategies that can be adapted by elementary school teachers to match the students' characteristics and learning styles, including: 1) Guided Inquiry, 2) Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL), 3) Project-Based Learning (PjBL), and Outdoor Learning. Factors influencing students' learning outcomes consist of internal and external factors. Students' learning styles constitute an internal factor, encompassing visual, auditory, kinesthetic, and visual-auditory learning styles. External factors include the students' learning environment
Adsorption of Congo Red Dye from Aqueous Solutions Using an Eco-Friendly Adsorbent Derived from Buckthorn Fruits
Authors: Ibrahim Ahmed K. , Ahmed Salwa H. , Abduljabbar Riedh A.
Published: March 2024

Dyes are used in the textile, paper, plastics, leather, foodstuff, and artificial fiber industries. Congo red dye (CR) is one of the dyes found in industrial wastewater. The present study investigates the Congo red dye removal from aqueous solutions using low-cost adsorbents that are eco-friendly and highly efficient, such as activated carbon prepared from Buckthorn fruit (BT) under various experimental conditions, as an ideal alternative to the current expensive methods for removing dyes from aqueous solutions. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET),  scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Fourier-transformed infrared (FTIR) analyses were used for the fabricated-activated carbon characterization. Based on batch system experiments, various variables affecting the adsorption process were studied, including the solution’s pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, initial dye concentration, and mixing speed. The results showed that the highest dye removal efficiency was 63% at pH = 5, the contact time was 80 minutes, the dose of adsorbent was 3 g/l, and the mixing speed was 150 rpm. The data from the experiments were analyzed using the Langmuir and Freundlich model and showed a high agreement with the Langmuir model (R2 = 0.989). When studying the adsorption kinetics, the results agreed with the Pseudo-second order, where the values of K2 and R2 were 0.083g/mg. min and 0.992, respectively. The adsorption was endothermic and spontaneous, as shown by the thermodynamic parameters study at 25, 35, and 45 °C, where the ∆H was 13.709 kJ/mol and ∆G values were negative values. The study also showed the possibility of using Buckthorn fruit as a low-cost adsorbent in CR removal.
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN DI PT. PEGADAIAN
Authors: Sofia Chanra Paju  , Agustiawan Djoko Baruno
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan danMotivasi terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT.Pegadaian Persero Cabang Manyar Surabaya.Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu menggunakan sampel jenuh.Teknik pengumpulan datayang digunakan adalah kuesioner dan metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitumetode kuantitatif deskriptif dengan melakukan uji analisis regresi linier berganda .Darihasil analisis ini dengan taraf signifikan α = 0,05 dapat diketahui bahwa F hitung sebesar9.356 hal ini menunjukan bahwa nilai F hitung 9.356> F tabel yaitu sebesar 2,45 dengannilai signifikan Dari tabel diatas diketahui bahwa nilai F hitung (9.356)>F tabel (2,45)dengan nilai signifikan 0,000<0,05 maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yangsignifikan secara simultan antara variabel Gaya Kepemimpinan dan motivasi hal inimenunjukan Hₒ ditolak dan Hₐ diterima yang artinya adanya pengaruh signifikan antarGaya Kepemimimpinan dan Motivasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT.Pegadaian PerseroCabang Manyar Surabaya.
O papel do enfermeiro na prevenção de lesões por pressão em UTI adulto
Authors: Miranda Etely do Socorro da Silva , Chaves Nelma Maria de Lima , Barroso Lorena de Paula de Souza , Santos Valéria Regina Cavalcante dos , Sousa Ralrizônia Fernandes , Costa Norma Simone Santos da , Moraes Pilar Maria de Oliveira , Silveira Cinthia Cristina Sousa de Menezes da , Chermont Aurimery Gomes
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: Identificar com base nas literaturas, o papel do enfermeiro na prevenção de lesões por pressão na UTI adulto. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de Revisão Integrativa, cujos dados coletados pertenciam às bases: MedLine, BDENF, LILACS e SCIELO. A amostra foi composta por 08 artigos e os critérios de inclusão foram: artigos publicados entre 2019 a 2023, em língua portuguesa; e adequação ao tema do estudo. Resultados: Os resultados evidenciaram que é papel do enfermeiro realizar a avaliação de fatores de riscos para o desenvolvimento de lesões por pressão, de maneira individual, através do uso de escalas e protocolos específicos paras as categorias de risco, consequentemente promovendo atenção à saúde e evitando os agravos. Considerações finais: Pode-se considerar que os enfermeiros atuam ativamente na prevenção de casos de lesões por pressão na UTI; orientando a equipe para ações preventivas, formulando protocolos e educação permanente, e buscando informar e estimular a equipe de enfermagem e demais profissionais de saúde para a realização de cuidados específicos, visando a redução do tempo de hospitalização nas UTI’s.
Imaging features and surgical management of giant parathyroid adenoma with autoinfarction
Authors: Patel Tapan , Wolk Rachelle , Cipriani Nicole A. , Blair Elizabeth , Ginat Daniel Thomas
Published: March 2024

Autoinfarction of a parathyroid adenoma can have an atypical clinicoradiologic features that can mimic an inflammatory process or malignancy. In addition, the associated fibrosis makes surgical resection more challenging than for regular parathyroid adenomas. The implications of these findings are that while autoinfarction of parathyroid adenomas is a rare phenomenon, this entity should be considered when there are heterogeneous and cystic components on imaging in patients without hypercalcemia. Ultimately, histopathology is necessary for definitive diagnosis.
Analysis of the changes in components of smile after maxillary arch distalization using infra-zygomatic crest (IZC) screws – A cephalometric and photographic study
Authors: Zahara Syeda Fathimuz , Husain Akhter , Khan Faizan Ahmed
Published: March 2024

Objectives:

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of infra-zygomatic crest (IZC) screws on smile components after maxillary arch distalization.

Materials and Methods:

The study was conducted on 20 subjects (11 boys and 9 girls) between 19 and 30 years. It was a time-bound study where screening of patients was done based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria for a year. Before placement of orthodontic bone screws (IZC), pre-treatment (T0) photographs, and cephalograms were taken where photographs were analyzed using Makhter’s software. After 6–8 months, post-distalization treatment (T1) photographs and cephalograms were taken and evaluated.

Results:

Descriptive statistics were used to obtain the mean and standard deviation for continuous data. Paired t-test was performed to analyze the changes in pre- and post-distalization. The categorical data were calculated using the McNemar test. Differences were considered significant if P < 0.05. Inner commissure right and left, smile arc, posterior maxillary dentition visible - left (PMDVL), upper incisal visibility, and gingival showed statistical significance.

Conclusion:

Maxillary arch distalization using IZC screws was associated with changes in horizontal smile components but mainly in vertical components, reducing the gummy smile, and making the smile esthetically pleasing.
Wrist fracture detection using self-supervised learning methodology
Authors: Thorat Sachin Ramdas , Jha Davendranath G. , Sharma Ashish K. , Katkar Dhanraj V.
Published: March 2024

Objectives:

This study aimed to assist radiologists in faster and more accurate diagnosis by automating bone fracture detection in pediatric trauma wrist radiographic images using self-supervised learning. This addresses data labeling challenges associated with traditional deep learning models in medical imaging.

Methods:

In this study, we trained the model backbone for feature extraction. Then, we used this backbone to train a complete classification model for classifying images as fracture or non-fracture on the publically available Kaggle and GRAZPERDWRI-DX dataset using ResNet-18 in pediatric wrist radiographs.

Results:

The resulting output revealed that the model was able to detect fracture and non-fracture images with 94.10% accuracy, 93.21% specificity, and an area under the receiver operating characteristics of 94.12%.

Conclusion:

This self-supervised model showed a promising approach and paved the way for efficient and accurate fracture detection, ultimately enhancing radiological diagnosis without relying on extensive labeled data.
Identification, Synthesis and Characterization of the Two Process Impurities of Levonadifloxacin (WCK 771)
Authors:   Wockhardt Research Centre, D-4, MIDC, Chikalthana, Aurangabad (MS), India, SB Bhavsar , SP Pawar ,   Wockhardt Research Centre, D-4, MIDC, Chikalthana, Aurangabad (MS), India, SB Jadhav ,   Wockhardt Research Centre, D-4, MIDC, Chikalthana, Aurangabad (MS), India, AK Kayastha ,   Wockhardt Research Centre, D-4, MIDC, Chikalthana, Aurangabad (MS), India, VP Rane ,   Wockhardt Research Centre, D-4, MIDC, Chikalthana, Aurangabad (MS), India, MV Patel ,   Wockhardt Research Centre, D-4, MIDC, Chikalthana, Aurangabad (MS), India
Published: March 2024

Wockhardt pharmaceuticals have developed the novel antibacterial drug, levonadifloxacin (WCK 771); to treat the infections caused by resistant gm +ve bacteria, and subsequently launched into Indian market a year ago with the brand name EMROK. During the scale up of levonadifloxacin seven impurities were identified. Out of seven known process impurities, five impurities were synthesized earlier as reference standards and validated through High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). In order to compliment our earlier efforts, the current study describes the establishment of an efficient synthetic routes for remaining two process impurities i.e. impurity 5 and impurity 7 of levonadifloxacin. Here, the syntheses of remaining two impurities are demonstrated in details.
Assessing tax payments in regional budgets formation
Authors: Ogorodnikova E. P. , Rakhmatullina L. I. , Andreeva N. V.
Published: March 2024

The article presents a study on assessing tax payments to budgets and the regional budgetary policy formation effectiveness related to the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and sanctions on the revenue side of the budget. The review of economic papers studying the problem of forming regional budget policy has been presented, the goals and objectives of the study e formulated. The purpose of the study is to assess the formation of the budget revenue part at the regional level (on the example of the Orenburg region of the Russian Federation). The estimation of the filling of the budget revenue part at the expense of tax payments has been carried out, the analysis of domestic and foreign scientists, who participated in studying this problem, methodology has been carried out. The study pays attention to the indicators that characterize budget policy formation effectiveness in Russian regions. Logical and statistical methods and techniques have been used. Based on the assessment of the stable level of forming dynamic indicators of revenue and expenditure parts of the regional budget and their growth, the stable instability of tax revenues from the profit of organizations has been shown. Based on the research and scientific studies, the article concludes that in the future the transformation regional budget effective formation should continue. The budget forecast for the future period with high accuracy has been made. The impact of multidirectional factors on the Russian fiscal policy in the medium term increases the uncertainty of its implementation conditions.
Development of interaction management tools in B2B markets
Authors: Orlova M. V. , Orlov V. V.
Published: March 2024

The article is devoted to the problem of improving interaction in B2B markets. By analyzing the literature on the issues under study, the authors have identified a trend in the customer management development in B2B markets towards a unique experience creation along the entire path of interaction between an account and a company. This is a business marketing strategy aimed at understanding, engaging and providing customized services and content to target accounts. The strategy involves using marketing techniques to engage the entire organization by targeting multiple stakeholders within a single potential account. The use of CJM as a methodology currently used in B2C markets has been justified and recommendations for its application in B2B made. CJM allows companies to align their business processes and resources with the needs of accounts, ensuring smooth teamwork. Engagement tools used in account engagement management have been systematized, helping to effectively shape the account experience; engagement performance metrics have been identified. The engagement tools implementation provides the cross-functional integration needed to engage with larger accounts, aligning marketing with sales and service. The article focuses on personalizing engagement with decision makers. The research analysis also revealed the features and trends of content customization within the ABM programs.
Financial stability of the federal budget and budgets of the Russian constituent entities subjects under Western sanctions
Authors: Zotikov N. Z.
Published: March 2024

According to the definition of the European Commission, public finances financial stability is the ability of a state to maintain current expenditures, conduct tax and social policy in the long term without the threat of loss of the country’s solvency to fulfill its obligations and stipulated expenditures. The subject of the study is the state of revenues and expenditures of the federal budget and budgets of the Russian constituent entities under the Western sanctions. The choice of the Ural Federal District regions (hereinafter – UFD) as the objects of the study is due to the significant share of oil and gas revenues in the federal budget revenues, the export-oriented regions place and role in the oil and gas revenues formation in the federal budget. The purpose of the study is to assess the budget system financial stability on the example of the federal budget and budgets of the Russian constituent entities, in particular, the UFD regions. The article uses generally accepted research methods, such as analysis and synthesis, generalization, grouping, tabular, etc. It has been established that the imposed sanctions have a negative impact on oil and gas revenues. Under such conditions, the budget system stability is supported by a low level of debt, especially at the federal level. The UFD export-oriented regions budget stability indicators exceed similar indicators of the Russian constituent entities budget. The budget stability risks remain the highest at the regional and local levels.
Conditions of institutionalism application as a theoretical basis for economic analysis
Authors: Mankovsky I. A.
Published: March 2024

Russian society is a complex social system, the functioning of which is conditioned by socio-economic policy, the development process of which requires a comprehensive economic analysis of virtually all spheres of social interaction. The interdisciplinary scientific approach to economic analysis, which makes it possible to consider the impact on socio-economic development of various aspects of the state and society functioning, is inherent in institutional economic theory. However, the problem of its application to the Russian state and society analysis is that institutionalism developed by American scientists is based on analyzing the political and legal system of the United States of America, which differ significantly from the political and legal system of Russia. The purpose of the study is to determine the conditions for institutionalism application in the process of economic analysis of political and economic subsystems of Russian society and socio-economic policy development that meets the requirements of the time. The relevance of the study is conditioned by the impossibility of applying the neoclassical economic paradigm to conduct a comprehensive economic analysis of the social system, as well as by the institutionalism dynamic development, which applies an interdisciplinary approach to economic analysis. The study proposes measures aimed at adapting institutionalism to the conditions of Russia and its population development, formulates the author’s approach to the universal definition of its basic concepts. The study contributes to institutionalism development, promotes a unified institutional economic theory creation and the conditions for its application for the interdisciplinary economic analysis of various aspects of the Russian society development as a complex social system.
Reversible control of gene expression by guest-modified adenosines in a cell-free system via host–guest interaction
Authors: Okamura Hidenori , Yao Takeyuki , Nagatsugi Fumi
Published: March 2024

Gene expression technology has become an indispensable tool for elucidating biological processes and developing bio-technology. Cell-free gene expression (CFE) systems offer a fundamental platform for gene expression-based technology, in which the reversible and programmable control of transcription can expand its use in synthetic biology and medicine. This study shows that CFE can be controlled via the host–guest interaction of cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) with N6-guest-modified adenosines. These adenosine derivatives were conveniently incorporated into the DNA strand by a post-synthetic approach and formed a selective and stable base pair with complementary thymidine in DNA. Meanwhile, alternate addition of CB[7] and the exchanging guest molecule induced the reversible formation of a duplex structure through the formation and dissociation of a bulky complex on DNA. The kinetics of the reversibility were fine-tuned by changing the size of the modified guest moieties. When incorporated into a specific region of the T7 promoter sequence, the guest-modified adenosines enabled the tight and reversible control of in vitro transcription and protein expression in the CFE system. The present study marks the first utility of the host-guest interaction for the gene expression control in the CFE system, opening new avenues for developing DNA-based technology, particularly for precise gene therapy and DNA nano-technology.
Long Excited-State Lifetimes in Three-Coordinate Copper(I) Com-plexes via Triplet–Triplet Energy Transfer to Pyrene-Decorated Isocy-anides
Authors: Kim Dooyoung , Rosko Michael C. , Castellano Felix N. , Gray Thomas G. , Teets Thomas S.
Published: March 2024

There has been much effort to improve excited-state lifetimes in photosensitizers based on earth-abundant first-row transition metals. Copper(I) complexes have gained significant attention in this field, and in most cases, sterically-driven approaches are used to optimize their lifetimes. This study presents a series of three-coordinate copper(I) complexes (Cu1–Cu3) where the excited-state lifetime is extended by triplet-triplet energy transfer. The heteroleptic compounds feature a cyclohexyl-substituted β-diketiminate (CyNacNacMe) paired with aryl isocyanide ligands, giv-ing the general formula Cu(CyNacNacMe)(CN-Ar) (CN-dmp = 2,6-dimethylphenyl isocyanide for Cu1; CN-pyr = 1-pyrenyl isocyanide for Cu2; CN-dmp-pyr = 2,6-dimethyl-4-(1-pyrenyl)phenyl isocyanide for Cu3). The nature, energies, and dynamics of the low-energy triplet excited states are assessed with a combination of photoluminescence measurements at room temperature and 77 K, ultrafast transient absorp-tion (UFTA) spectroscopy, and DFT calculations. The complexes featuring pyrene-decorated isocyanides (Cu2 and Cu3) exhibit extended excited-state lifetimes resulting from triplet–triplet energy transfer (TTET) between the short-lived charge-transfer excited state (3CT) and the long-lived pyrene-centered triplet state (3pyr). This TTET process is irreversible in Cu3, producing exclusively the 3pyr state, and in Cu2 the 3CT and 3pyr states are nearly isoenergetic, enabling reversible TTET and long-lived 3CT luminescence. The improved photophysical proper-ties in Cu2 and Cu3 result in photocatalytic activity for stilbene E/Z isomerization via triplet energy transfer and photoredox reactivity in trans-formations involving hydrodebromination and C–O bond activation. These results illustrate that the extended excited-state lifetimes achieved through TTET resulted in newly conceived photosynthetically-relevant earth-abundant transition metal complexes.
Towards Quantifying the Chemical Sensitivity of Nuclear Spin Surface Relaxivity in Mesoporous Media
Authors: Dong Shuang , Liu Libin , Ling Nicholas , May Eric , Johns Michael , Robinson Neil
Published: March 2024

Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation is a promising non-invasive technique for characterizing solid-liquid interactions within functional porous materials. However, the ability of the solid-liquid interface to enhance adsorbate relaxation rates, known as the surface relaxivity, in the case of different solvents and reagents involved in various chemical processes has yet to be evaluated in a quantitative manner. In this study, we systematically explore the surface relaxation characteristics of ten liquid adsorbates (cyclohexane, acetone, water, and seven alcohols, including ethylene glycol) confined within mesoporous silicas with pore sizes between 6 nm and 50 nm using low-field (12.7 MHz) two-dimensional 1H T1 – T2 relaxation measurements. Functional group specific relaxation phenomena associated with the alkyl and hydroxyl groups of the confined alcohols are clearly distinguished; we report the dependence of both longitudinal (T1) and transverse (T2) relaxation rates of these 1H-bearing moieties on pore surface-to-volume ratio, facilitating the quantification and assignment of surface relaxivity values to specific functional groups within the same adsorbate molecule for the first time. We further demonstrate that alkyl group transverse surface relaxivities correlate strongly with the alkyl/hydroxyl ratio of the adsorbates assessed, providing evidence for a simple, quantitative relationship between surface relaxivity and interfacial chemistry. Overall, our observations highlight potential pitfalls in the application of NMR relaxation for the evaluation of pore size distributions using hydroxylated probe molecules, and provide motivation for the exploration of nuclear spin relaxation measurements as a route to adsorbate identity within functional porous materials.
TDDFT and the X-ray absorption spectrum of liquid water: finding the “best” functional
Authors: Fransson Thomas , Pettersson Lars
Published: March 2024

We investigate the performance of time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) for reproducing high-level reference X-ray absorption spectra of liquid water. For this, we apply the integrated absolute difference (IAD) metric, previously used for X-ray emission spectra of liquid water [J. Chem. Theory Comput. 19, 7333-7342 (2023)], in order to investigate which exchange-correlation (xc) functionals yield TDDFT spectra in best agreement to reference, as well as to investigate the suitability of IAD for XAS spectrum calculations. It is seen that long-range corrected xc-functionals are required to yield good agreement with reference coupled cluster (CC) and algebraic-diagrammatic construction (ADC) spectra, with 100% asymptotic Hartree−Fock exchange resulting in the lowest IADs. The xc-functionals with best agreement to reference have been adopted for larger water clusters, yielding results in line with recently published coupled cluster theory, but which still show some discrepancies in the relative intensity of the features compared to experiment.
Probing the flow- and magnetic-field-induced orientation of cellulose nanocrystals and magnetic nanoparticles via wide-angle X-ray scattering
Authors: Sanchez-Botero Lina , Alexey Dimov , Li Ruipeng , Smilgies Detlef Matthias , Hinestroza Juan
Published: March 2024

We investigated the flow- and magnetic-field-induced orientation of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) suspensions, pure and loaded with magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles, using a custom-built flow cell placed in the D1 beamline of the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source. 2D wide-angle X-ray scattering (2D-WAXS) was used to quantify the direction and degree of orientation of the CNC suspensions under Poiseuille flow. We observed that the pure CNC suspensions and those with 1wt% Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) exhibited very strong orientation along the flow direction. The CNC suspensions doped with higher concentrations of Fe3O4 NPs, 3wt%, showed different director-orientation patterns: isotropic, along the direction of flow, and bimodal. For these suspensions, the alignment along the flow direction occurs only at the highest values of apparent shear rates (60 s-1 and 100 s-1) in the absence of magnetic field. Conversely, under the action of the magnetic field, the induced alignment along the flow occurs at low apparent shear rates, as low as 10 s-1. We anticipate that these responsive effects, to flow and to magnetic fields, may offer new approaches to tailor and understand the behavior of composite materials with magnetic anisotropic responses. It is also hoped that further development of our exploratory work will translate these findings into new processing methods for the manufacturing of magnetically responsive composite materials.
The relationship of the timeliness and reasonability of the charges and the conditions for the legality of choosing a measure of prestression
Authors:   Institute of State and Law RAS, Rossinsky S. B.
Published: March 2024

A critical analysis has been made of one of the conditions for the legality of the use of preventive measures in criminal proceedings, which presupposes the priority of their election only in relation to the accused. Attention is drawn to the established understanding of this condition as an immutable postulate that does not cause critical assessments, to its indisputable obviousness for scientists and practitioners. At the same time, it speaks of a significant legal conflict, expressed by its inconsistency with the grounds for pre-trial criminal prosecution and leading to the vicious practice of bringing forward premature and not properly substantiated charges. It is argued that a two-stage applied technology for formulating criminal legal claims has become widespread in law enforcement practice, which boils down to bringing forward two different charges in time, volume, degree of proof and content: “pilot” and final. In order to properly understand the analyzed problems, the reasons for their occurrence are diagnosed, which are seen in the ill-considered transfer of a number of provisions of pre-revolutionary criminal procedural law into Soviet and modern legislation without their adaptation to the corresponding mechanisms of criminal procedural activity. As a result, a legal condition is called that links the possibility of using preventive measures with bringing charges against a person and is assessed as a normative anachronism subject to abolition. At the same time, it is proposed to choose a preventive measure on a general basis in relation to the suspect.
Using transactional analysis for establishing and maintaining psychological contact during interrogation. Part 1
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Shaevich A. A.
Published: March 2024

The problem of psychological contact is considered in the context of forensic interrogation tactics and the conclusion is drawn that “psychological contact” is more of a legal term than a psychological one. Further, the essence of psychological contact is revealed through examples of situations that any person living in society has had to face. Thus, avoiding dry formulations of general words, an idea is given of what the state of psychological contact is in the process of communication, through the reader’s personal experience, the state and sensations that he can remember from his life experience. Thus, transferring this concept from the field of abstract book formulations into your own cognitive space, which already allows you to use it more consciously in modeling various situations and choosing strategies and tactics during interrogation. The possibility of using transactional analysis to establish and maintain psychological contact during interrogation is also discussed. For this purpose, the basic provisions and concepts of transactional analysis proposed by Eric Berne are briefly revealed: the concept and mechanism of transactions, the meaning and main characteristics of “ego states” or positions from which a person enters into dialogue. A way to use this theory to establish and maintain psychological contact during interrogation is proposed. It is concluded that for a more effective interrogation, the investigator must understand from which ego state of the interrogated the transactional stimulus came and return the appropriate response, encouraging the development of psychological contact and further productive communication interaction, for which it is necessary to control one’s ego state in order avoid overlapping transactions that could be perceived as rudeness, insolence, or other manifestation of disrespect on the part of the interrogator.
Legal labyrinths of fatal processes (Review of V. V. Bronshtein’s monograph “political technologies of the steel age. Marshal Beria and politicrucian Khrushchev”)
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Tirskikh M. G.
Published: March 2024

A critical analysis of the scientific and popular science publication of the honorary professor of Irkutsk State University V. V. Bronstein. The methodology of work is analyzed. Features of the selection of a database of scientific sources and empirical material, including archival documents, formulation of a scientific problem, features of argumentation within the framework of the narrative. A detailed analysis of the organization of the state apparatus, including law enforcement agencies, is assessed as positive. The position of the author of the monograph regarding the peculiarities of Soviet legislation is supported, and a deep study of issues of political repression is noted. Attention is paid to other state and legal features of the work. The opinion of the author of the monograph regarding the fictitious nature of the trial of Marshal Beria is critically assessed. At the same time, it is recognized that the totality of the facts shows the presence of serious violations of procedural legislation during the trial of L. P. Beria.
General plans of new cities 1960s–1980s
Authors:   F. M. Dostoevsky Omsk State University, Roy R. O.
Published: March 2024

The features of the general plans of new cities that were built in the USSR in 1960–1980s are studied. The features of the general plans of such cities were due to the fact that the construction of the city was caused by the construction of an industrial facility. The plans were commissioned not by local authorities, but by the directorates of the enterprises under construction or by central departmental institutions. The customers financed the development of master plans. This approach led to a lag in the design of housing and public facilities. The main normative acts on master plans are identified, the state bodies that issued them are indicated. The order of coordination and approval of general plans of cities is studied. The order of approval of master plans of new cities was the same as that of the capitals of the Union republics. The volume of materials that were included in the master plan of the city was analyzed. A reference plan of a new city was developed to accelerate urban planning. Design organizations from all over the country were involved in drawing up master plans of new cities. Master plans of new cities were given great importance. They reflected the requirements to ensure comfortable living conditions for the employees of enterprises, population resettlement in the territory of the country, application of advanced construction and architectural solutions. Master plans of new cities were not only technical, but also legal documents.
Criminal and legal characteristics of extremist crimes committed by migrants (using the example of hooliganism)
Authors:   East Siberian Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Kurovsky V. M.
Published: March 2024

In this paper, the author addresses the coverage of the criminal law characteristics of such a crime as hooliganism. Based on official statistics, the author emphasizes that hooliganism is one of the most common extremist crimes committed by foreign citizens and stateless persons (migrants). According to the author, the analysis of Article 213 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation will help to more effectively apply this rule in practice, and competent law enforcement practice on this issue will have a positive impact on the overall prevention of crime in general.
Criminological risks and qualification issues of public display of pornographic materials using the internet
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Rodivilin I. P. , Kolominov V. V. ,   Baikal State University
Published: March 2024

During the analysis of the phenomenon of “webcams” within the context of the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation, its social danger was investigated. Judicial practice was analyzed, and the author provided comments regarding its interpretation and understanding. Directions for further research and study of “webcams” from a legal perspective are proposed. The problem of illegal distribution of pornographic materials, especially involving minors, in the context of the development of digital and information-telecommunication technologies was identified. The author notes that such websites often have short lifespans and use additional or backup sources to avoid being blocked by law enforcement agencies. These crimes are difficult to detect and prosecute due to the anonymity provided by the Internet. Methods of combating illegal distribution of pornographic content in the information sphere were identified, including responding to user complaints, reacting to signals from Roskomnadzor (Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Communications, Information Technology and Mass Media), and independent monitoring and removal of unlawful content. However, the author emphasizes that social networks are merely information intermediaries, and the content is created by users. The development of digital technologies, such as online broadcasts and webcam shows, has contributed to the expansion of the porn industry and facilitated users’ access to pornographic websites.
Development of jujube matcha energy gel and its effect on physical endurance
performance of young active subjects
Authors: Kyu M.S.L. , Thed S.T. , John J.J.
Published: March 2024

Energy gels are widely used as an ergogenic aid to enhance athletic performance. Most
energy gels in the market contain mainly maltodextrin. Prolonged or high-intensity
exercise can result in the formation of free radicals, oxidative stress in active muscle, and
accelerated muscle fatigue which affect physical endurance performance. This study
aimed to develop an antioxidant energy gel using jujube as the base ingredient. Jujube is
rich in natural glucose, fructose, potassium, and ascorbic acid. The gel was fortified with
2.5% matcha powder with antioxidant properties. Other minor ingredients include whey
protein and pectin. Sensory attributes of jujube matcha energy gel were evaluated by fifty
panellists. The mean overall acceptability score of the energy gel was 6.94 out of 9 with
an acceptance index of 77%. Jujube matcha energy gel contains 72.44% moisture, 16.30%
carbohydrate, 7.72% protein, 1.33% fat, 2.21% ashes, and 108 cal/100 g. The energy gel
exhibited a relatively high antioxidant activity with DPPH free radical scavenging activity
of 83.26%, ferric reducing antioxidant power of 49.21 mg FE/g, total phenolic content of
29.36 mg GAE/g, and total flavonoids content of 7.54 mg CE/g. Twenty-meter beep tests
were conducted to examine the effects of consuming jujube matcha gel on the physical
performance of 10 active subjects (ages 18-25). Blood glucose, time to exhaustion, Borg
rating of perceived exertion, and predicted VO2max were recorded. Overall, subjects were
found to endure longer in the 20-meter beep test after consuming jujube matcha gel with
an 18% improvement in time to exhaustion as compared to the control.
Analysis of the Antidepressant Effects and Mechanisms of Icariin II Based on The GABAergic Nervous System
Authors: Huang Hongchen , Yu Qinglin , Zhao Tong , Zhang Yijian
Published: March 2024

This article summarized the research progress on the antidepressant mechanism of icariin II, mainly elaborating on its mechanism from five aspects: GABAergic nervous system, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, neurotrophic factors, and neurotransmitters in the brain. Its clinical application value was further explored to provide a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of icariin II in treating depression.
Analysis of the Effectiveness of Clopidogrel Combined with Aspirin in the Treatment of Coronary Heart Disease in Community-Dwelling Elderly
Authors: Wang Wenling
Published: March 2024

Objective: To analyze the combined therapeutic effect of clopidogrel (CLO) and aspirin (ASP) on coronary heart disease (CHD) in community-dwelling elderly. Methods: Thirty elderly patients with CHD who were admitted to the Xinxin Community Health Service Station, Pangzhuang Street, Quanshan District, Xuzhou City, from November 2020 to November 2022 were selected and randomly grouped into an observation group and a control group, with 15 cases in each group. The observation group was given the combination of CLO and ASP and the reference group was given only ASP. The total effective rate and other treatment indicators between the two groups were compared. Results: The total effective rate of the observation group (93.33%) was higher than that of the reference group (60.00%) (P < 0.05). The adverse drug reaction rate (13.33%) and long-term cardiovascular adverse event rate (6.67%) of the observation group were lower than those of the reference group at 46.67% and 40.00% respectively, (P < 0.05). Before treatment, the two groups had no difference in the quality-of-life scores (P > 0.05). After treatment, the quality-of-life scores of the observation group were higher than those of the reference group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: CLO combined with ASP improved the therapeutic effect of community-dwelling elderly patients with CHD, reduced adverse reactions during medication, prevented adverse cardiovascular events, and comprehensively improved the patient’s quality of life.
A Study on the Collective Anxiety of Upward Mobility Among “Small-Town Swots” Based on the Perspective of the Sociology of Education Theory
Authors: Duan Qilin
Published: March 2024

Education has always been the pursuit of many for “knowledge changes destiny,” and it has become animportant way for disadvantaged students to achieve upward social mobility. However, when children from lower-middle-class cities or rural areas enter elite universities, they often feel like they are lagging behind other students. The aura ofelite universities and the bleak reality causes anxiety among “small-town swots.” This article finds that the collectiveanxiety of upward mobility among “small-town swots” involves three aspects: academic anxiety, employment anxiety, andability anxiety. According to the sociology of education theory, this anxiety is caused by the frustration experienced duringthe process of field transformation and the lack of competition for inherent advantages.