bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ejercicios docentes de Mies van der Rohe: «Una residencia de estudiantes», por David Tamminga = Mies van der Rohe’s teaching exercises: «Students residence» by David Tamminga
Authors: García Requejo Zaida
Published: January 2024

AbstractMies van der Rohe’s teaching is an inseparable part of his career as an architect. Upon his arrival in the United States, his classes became a laboratory of ideas in which he tested solutions to prob­lems he faced in his office. This research deals with a comparative analysis of the architectural principles proposed by Mies for the university campus of the Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT) and the academic work carried out by graduate students that solves the same functional topic. First, an analysis of the general approaches of the campus project is addressed to, later, focus the study on the buildings intended for student housing. Thus, student David Tamminga’s final master’s project is analyzed in parallel to the three residential blocks designed by Mies for the IIT, seeking to establish connections and influences between his teachings and his architecture.ResumenLa labor docente de Mies van der Rohe forma parte indisoluble de su trayectoria como arquitecto. A su llegada a los Estados Unidos, sus clases se convirtieron en un laboratorio de ideas en el que testar soluciones a problemas a los que se enfrentaba en su oficina. Esta investigación aborda un análisis comparativo de los principios arquitectónicos planteados por Mies para el campus univer­sitario del Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT) y el trabajo académico llevado a cabo por alumnos de posgrado que resuelve la misma temática funcional. Primero, se aborda un análisis de los plan­teamientos generales del proyecto del campus para, posteriormente, centrar en el estudio en las edificaciones destinadas a residencia de estudiantes. Así el proyecto fin de máster del estudiante David Tamminga se analiza en paralelo a los tres bloques residenciales proyectados por Mies para el IIT, buscando establecer conexiones e influencias entre sus enseñanzas y su arquitectura.
Measuring wine and beer drinking experience in a context of limited socialisation: a case study with Spanish drinkers
Authors: Sáenz-Navajas Maria-Pilar , Valentin Dominique , Gómez-Corona Carlos , Rodrigues Heber
Published: January 2024

Drinking experience has gained the attention of researchers in recent years, mainly measured in different social-leisure contexts. However, no or very little, scientific attention has been paid to the drinking experience phenomenon when detached from the influence of the enjoyment of the social factor component. The objective of this study was to understand the wine and beer drinking experience during the pandemic confinement/lockdown and its relationship with the fear of the COVID-19 disease. A total of 423 Spanish participants were interviewed online to 1) measure their alcohol consumption, 2) explore their beer and wine drinking experience, and 3) evaluate their fears linked to COVID-19. The results firstly show that the dimensions (i.e., sensory, affective and cognitive) of the wine/beer drinking experience previously reported in social-leisure environments are similar to those found in a context with limited social interaction, such as the lockdown. Secondly, the drinking experience differs across participants and is related to their frequency of wine consumption. More frequent wine consumers show a cognitive-oriented experience, while affective and/or sensory experiences are related to lower wine consumption. Thirdly, the results show that the drinking experience is driven by fear linked to COVID-19, as it is higher in more affective-driven consumers. These results highlight the importance of the role of socialisation in the wine and beer drinking experience and how different drinking experiences are related to distinct levels of fear related to COVID-19.
fenomenologia como questão em Maurice Blondel
Authors: Araújo de Medeiros Emerson , Silvano Batista Gustavo
Published: January 2024

O presente artigo pretende discutir a apropriação que Maurice Blondel faz da fenomenologia na esfera da ciência da ação. Ao lidar com todas as coisas como fenômenos, Blondel reivindica um sentido próprio, adequado ao seu caminho filosófico que, no lidar imanente com as coisas, percebe um remetimento ao sentido transcendente e, em última instância, ao Ser. Desta forma, pensar uma fenomenologia significa lidar com as questões de sentido como um todo, tendo em vista um arcabouço transcendente. É neste argumento que se estrutura a ação, tomada como uma hermenêutica dos fenômenos.
Mediating Effect of Self-Control on the Relationship between Obesity Stress and Weight Control Behavior among Overweight and Obese Female College Students
Authors: Park Young-Hee , Jeong Yeo Won , Park Hyun kyeong , Park Seul-Gi , Kim Ha-Yeon
Published: January 2024

Background: This study aimed to examine the obesity¬ stress, weight control behavior, and self-control in overweight and obese female university students, and identify the mediating effect of self-control in the relationship between obesity stress and weight control behavior. Methods: This study employed a descriptive correlational design. A total of 109 female university students who were overweight and obese participated in the study. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis, and Bootstrapping using Hayes' PROCESS macro for mediation. Results: Significant relationships between obesity stress and weight control behavior (r=0.25, p<0.001), obesity stress and self-control (r=-0.36, p<0.001), and weight control behavior and self-control (r=.26, p<.001) were observed. Self-control showed indirect mediating effect on the relationship between obesity stress and weight control behavior. Conclusion: Therefore, development of programs and strategies for improving self-control is necessary in order to decrease obesity among female university students.
Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Pbat/Silanized Cellulose Composites
Authors: Wang Xiangyun , Mo Wenlong , Zeng Yongming , Wang Jide
Published: January 2024

To obtain a cost-effective and high-performance composite material of polybutylene adipate-terephthalate (PBAT), for this study we selected microcrystalline cellulose, which is inexpensive and easily available, as the reinforcing medium. Hexadecyl trimethoxysilane (HDTMS) containing a long carbon chain was chosen to silanize the microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) to obtain silanized cellulose (SG). Three types of SGs with different degrees of silanization were obtained by controlling the reaction ratio. Characterization of these three types of SGs was conducted using FTIR, TEM, and water absorption analysis. Subsequently, PBAT/SG composites were prepared through a sol-gel method, and the effects of these three types of SGs on the thermal stability, compatibility, mechanical properties, and dynamic thermomechanical properties of PBAT were evaluated. Furthermore, the mechanism behind enhancing the mechanical properties of the composite was analyzed. The results demonstrated successful synthesis of SG. As the reaction ratio between HDTMS and MCC increased, the nanoparticle size increased, while the water absorption decreased significantly. After SG was added to the PBAT composites, the yield stress increased while maintaining good thermal stability. Both the SEM and DMA results indicated good compatibility of the PBAT/SG composites. Analysis of the mechanical properties revealed that the tensile strength initially increased and then decreased with increasing blending ratio for all three composites tested; among them, the PBAT/SG2 composites exhibit superior performance, with a maximum tensile strength reaching 22 MPa at an 85/15 blending ratio—nearly 30% higher than that of pure PBAT alone. The addition of SG significantly improved the strength of the PBAT, and we speculated as to the underlying mechanism involved. This study provides a new idea for the industrial-scale development of degradable polyesters with low cost and good mechanical properties.
Microstructures and Corrosion Properties of Wire Arc Additive Manufactured Copper-Nickel Alloys
Authors: Song Jie , Jimenez Xavier A. , To Albert C , Fu Yao
Published: January 2024

The 70/30 copper–nickel alloy is mainly used in critical parts with more demanding conditions in marine settings. There is a need for innovative methods that offer fast production and cost-effectiveness to supplement current copper–nickel alloy manufacturing processes. In this study, we employ wire-arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) to fabricate the 70/30 copper–nickel alloy. The as-built microstructure is characterized by columnar grains with prominent dendrites and chemical segregation in the inter-dendritic area. The aspect ratio of the columnar grain increases with increasing travel speed (TS) at the same wire feed speed (WFS). This is in contrast to an equiaxed grain structure with a more random orientation of conventional sample. The sample built with a WFS of 8 m/min, TS of 1000 mm/min, and a track distance of 3.85 mm exhibits superior corrosion properties in the 3.5 wt% NaCl solution compared to the conventional one, as evidenced by a higher film resistance and breakdown potential, along with a lower passive current density of the WAAM sample. The corrosion morphology reveals the critical roles played by the nickel element unevenly distributed between the dendrite core and inter-dendritic area.
Empowering Egypt: Unleashing 5G & Associated Economic Impact on GDP
Authors: ElShahed Moutaz , ElShahed Moutaz
Published: January 2024

In an era of rapid technological advancement, Egypt stands at the crossroads of digital transformation. Our research delves into the intersection of economy and 5G technology, exploring how these forces can reshape the nation’s economic landscape. By examining the impact on GDP, we aim to guide policymakers, telecom operators, and citizens toward a more connected and prosperous future. Join us on this journey as we unravel the potential of 5G and pave the way for inclusive growth.
Investigating science learning assessment standards on Indonesian 2013 curriculum
Authors: Paraniti Anak Agung Inten , Subagia I Wayan , Puspawati Dewa Ayu , Ekayanti Ni Wayan
Published: January 2024

Learning assessment is an activity that aims to collect and process information to measure the achievement of students’ learning process. The results of this assessment are then used as a basis for evaluating the learning process to improve learning in the future. The assessment process in the 2013 curriculum was carried out thoroughly on three aspects, namely attitudes, knowledge, and skills, which in its implementation still encountered several obstacles. This study aims to conduct a thorough investigation of 3 aspects of the science learning assessment standards in the implementation of the 2013 curriculum. This type of research is a mixed method with a convergent parallel design. The survey method was carried out by providing questionnaires to 65 science and biology teachers at the elementary, middle, and high school levels through a google form. The exploratory study was conducted with interview techniques through a purposive sampling of nine teachers representing each level of education. Based on the results of the survey, it was found that teachers need special attention to be able to train and improve disciplinary attitudes, and critical thinking skills of students at every stage at school levels.  The results of a thorough investigation into the assessment standards in science learning show that there are several indicators need special attention from teachers to be trained more intensely and improved, those are critical thinking, metacognitive and student self regulatory/indepence. The assessment obstacle faced by teachers is mainly the adjustment of time in the assessment process with basic competencies which must be completed.
Development of chemistry questions integrated with religious values on acid-base topic
Authors: Putri Riska , Winarni Sri , Erlidawati Erlidawati
Published: January 2024

Religious character education is a learning process that teaches values to shape a virtuous and cultured character. Education based on religious values can develop a good personality, including learning chemistry by integrating Islamic values. This research aims to analyze the feasibility of chemistry questions integrated with religious values. This research used a research and development type with the ADDIE model. The study participants were all students in class XI IPA MAS Darul Ulum Banda Aceh through saturated sampling techniques. Data was collected using expert validation sheets and teacher and student response questionnaires for multiple-choice questions. The validation results show that out of the 20 questions developed, 4 of them are invalid, and 16 are valid. Based on the validation from experts and chemistry education practitioners, the chemistry questions integrated with religious values for the Acid-base Topic is a feasible assessment. The validity index, 0.9, was obtained using Aiken's scale, and the reliability index, 0.85, based on IRA (interrater agreement), is valid and reliable. Based on responses, most students and chemistry teachers agree that questions based on religious values can have an impact on the following: (1) increase interest and motivation in learning chemistry; (2) increase knowledge about the relationship between chemical concepts and religious teachings; (3) increase awareness to obey the creator; and (4) increasing confidence in the greatness of Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala. The purpose of character education in chemistry learning can be achieved by using test questions that are integrated with religious values.
Utilizing standardized test and certainty of response index (CRI): science olympiad preparation cases
Authors: Pranata Ogi Danika , Marshal Nobel
Published: January 2024

This study focuses on Earth Science Olympiad prepation through assistance activities and utilizing a standardized test known as The Earth Science Standards Test. The assistance activities consisted of ten sessions, including pre-test, face-to-face learning, and post-test. Quantitative methods with a pre-test and post-test design were applied. The study evaluated the increase in students' scores using the N-Gain. Additionally, students were asked to indicate their level of confidence or Certainty of Response Index (CRI). Results revealed that the average pre-test score was low (46.03), suggesting that students' prior knowledge of Earth science was limited. However, after participating in the assistance activities, students demonstrated improvement, as evidenced by the average post-test score (69.29) and a moderate N-Gain score (0.41). Individual student improvements were also classified as moderate, except for one student (E). The study further analyzed the correlation between students' answers and their levels of confidence using either the Pearson test or Spearman's rho. Overall, a significant and strong correlation was observed (r = 0.628, ρ = 0.000). However, only students B, D, and F showed a significant relationship between their post-test scores and CRI. This indicates that the level of student confidence does not guarantee high scores on the test, although this pattern holds true for several students. In conclusion, format of the test used in Olympiad preparation plays a crucial role in students' performance. Further research are recommended to extend the use of standardized tests to assess students' understanding in various science learning and better understand and address factors impacting students' performance and confidence in science learning and olympiad.
Creativity Development of Children 5-6 years old Through Loose Parts Media
Authors: Susanti Fitri Maulida , Hidayati Sri , Aghnaita Aghnaita , Muzakki Muzakki
Published: January 2024

Loose parts media is media that can be moved, combined, redesigned, aligned, separated, and put together in various ways that can develop children’s creativity. The purpose of this study is to describe the creativity of children aged 5-6 years through loose parts media. The research subjects were 1 class teacher and 14 class B2 students. The research methodology used is descriptive qualitative. The data collection techniques are through observation, interviews, and documentation. Based on the results of the study, the available loose parts media components were natural materials, plastics, used packaging, glass and ceramics, threads and fabrics, and metals. The development of creativity in class B2 children through loose parts media has been good, covering several indicators. Namely: likes to explore the environment, likes to observe, and hold everything, has great curiosity, spontaneously expresses thoughts and feelings, likes to experiment and try new things, rarely feels bored, and has high imagination power.
Comparison of oral Midazolam versus Combination of Low Dose Oral Midzolam–Ketamine for Premedication in Paediatric Surgical Patients
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Anaesthesiology, Mandya Institute of Medical Sciences, Mandya, Karnataka 571403, India., MCB Santhosh , NP Umesh ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Anaesthesiology, Mandya Institute of Medical Sciences, Mandya, Karnataka 571403, India., G Shivakumar ,   Professor, Department of Anaesthesiology, Mandya Institute of Medical Sciences, Mandya, Karnataka 571403, India.
Published: January 2024

Background and need for study: One of the challenge faced by paediatric anaesthesiologist is the allaying of fear of a child in the preoperative period. Among the commonly used premedicant in children, midazolam is the front runner. A combination low dose of ketamine and midazolam have been tried to overcome the deficiencies of ketamine and midazolam alone. Aims: This research was planned to compare the effectiveness of combination of low dose midzolam–ketamine with oral midazolam alone as a premedicant in paediatric patients in terms of degree of sedation, separation from parents, mask acceptance, and postoperative recovery Design: Prospective, randomised, double blind controlled study. Methods: Sixty children of ASA physical status I or II, aged between 1 and 12 years, who were scheduled to undergo elective minor surgery were randomised into two groups M and MK of thirty children each. Children in group M were administered with oral midazolam 0.5 mg.kg-1 mixed with 2 ml of honey and group MK were administered with combination of low dose oral midzolam (0.25 mg.kg-1) & oral ketamine (3 mg.kg-1) for premedication mixed with 2 ml of honey. Patient was assessed for parental separation anxiety, mask acceptance, level of sedation and emergence delirium. Statistical Analysis: Difference with respect to anxiety at separation from parents and tolerance to mask between the two groups was analysed using chi-square test . Difference with respect to incidence and severity of emergence delirium between the two groups was analysed using an independent sample t test . The P <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Parental separation was acceptable in 23 patients (76.7%) in group M and 28 patients in (93.3%) in group MK (Table 2, 3). Mask acceptance was satisfactory in 13 (43.3%) in group M and 19(63.3%) in group MK. Post-operative delirium was noted in one patient in each group. Conclusion: The low dose mixture of ketamine and midazolam provides better parental separation and mask acceptance with better cooperation during induction of anaesthesia.
Comparison of Baska Mask and Conventional Endotracheal Tube in Airway Management during Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Randomized Clinical Study
Authors:   Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Rajarajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka 560074, India., G.S Karthik , R Sudheer ,   Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Rajarajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka 560074, India., D Priyanka ,   Junior Resident, Department of Anesthesiology, Rajarajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka 560074, India., Rangalakshmi S ,   Professor and HOD, Department of Anesthesiology, Rajarajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka 560074, India., Halima Sameera ,   Junior Resident, Department of Anesthesiology, Rajarajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka 560074, India., R Supriya ,   Junior Resident, Department of Anesthesiology, Rajarajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka 560074, India.
Published: January 2024

Background: Baska mask has been chosen to secure airway for surgeries under general anesthesia in view of its adaptability during positive pressure ventilation as it moulds accordingly. Aims: Our aim was to compare BASKA mask with Endotracheal tube primarily for hemodynamic changes, and also ease of insertion in terms of number of attempts and time taken for insertion, airway trauma, intraoperative and postoperative laryngopharyngeal morbidity (LPM) occurring in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomies under general Anesthesia. Methods: A hospital based prospective, randomised comparative clinical study involving60 ASA I and II patients undergoing laparoscopic surgeries under general Anesthesia were randomly divided into 2 groups of 30 each (n=30), either using BASKA mask or ETT. Hemodynamic changes in both the groups were compared, along with number of attempts and time for insertion and laryngopharyngeal morbidities. Results: Hemodynamic fluctuations are less in patients who received Baska mask for their airway management than with endotracheal tube insertion. The number of attempts of insertion and time duration of insertion of Baska Mask (Mean ±SD=13.50±5.49) for airway management were less and with negligible postoperative laryngopharyngeal comorbidities when compared with endotracheal intubation in adult patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anaesthesia with positive pressure ventilation. Conclusion: Baska Mask with its unique anatomy and features is a good alternative to endotracheal tube for airway management in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomies under general anaesthesia with positive pressure ventilation in terms of negligible hemodynamic changes, less number of attempts and reduced mean time duration of insertion, and less laryngopharyngeal morbidities.
A Comparative Study Between Chlorpheniramine Maleate vs Cetirizine in Prevention of Intrathecal Morphine Induced Pruritusin Patients Undergoing Caesarean Section
Authors:   Professor and Head, Department of Anesthesia Critical Care and Pain Management, Shamanur Shivashankarappa Institute of Medical Science and Research Center, Davangere, Karnataka 577005, India., Kumar Ajjappa Arun , Munigial Rajesh ,   Post Graduate, Department of Anesthesia Critical Care and Pain Management, Shamanur Shivashankarappa Institute of Medical Science and Research Center, Davangere, Karnataka 577005, India., K P Shivakumar ,   Professor, Department of Anesthesia Critical Care and Pain Management, Shamanur Shivashankarappa Institute of Medical Science and Research Center, Davangere, Karnataka 577005, India.
Published: January 2024

Background and Objectives: Morphine has been used spinally for postoperative pain management for long time. However post-operative nausea, vomiting and pruritus are some of the common adverse effects of it.The incidence of pruritus being 20-100%, the prevention of pruritus remains a major challenge. This study was conducted tocompare the efficacy of chlorpheniramine maleate versus cetirizine in prevention of post-operative pruritus in patients receiving intrathecal morphine for lower segment caesarean section. Methods: 60 parturients undergoing caesarean delivery were randomly allocated in 2 groups. All patients received intrathecal bupivacaine with 100mcg morphine. One group of patients received Inj chlorpheniramine maleate 45.5mg IV and in other group oral tablet cetirizine 10mg was used as antipruritic prophylaxis. Results: Inspite of antipruritic prophylaxis the overall incidence of pruritus was high in both the groups, but it was statistically higher in cetirizine group of patients (90%) when compared to CPM group (46.7%) p value =0.001.The number of patients requiring treatment were more in cetirizine group(66.7%) when compared to CPM group(57.1%), in whom pruritus was treated with Inj.Dexamethasone 8mg IV. Conclusion: Inj chlorpheniramine maleate is better when compared to oral tablet cetirizine but neither Inj. chlorpheniramine maleate nor tab cetirizine are useful in prophylaxis of intrathecal morphine induced pruritus in patients undergoing lower segment caesarean section. Keywords: Intrathecal morphine; Inj chlorpheniraminemaleate; Cetirizine; Pruritus; Antihistamines.
Anaesthetic Management of a Patient with Parotid Abscess with Concomitant Organophosphorous Compound Poisoning
Authors:   Post Graduate, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education & Research R L Jalappa Hospital, Kolar, Karnataka 563101, India., Rathnasabapathy Preethi , MP Sujatha ,   Associate Professor, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education & Research R L Jalappa Hospital, Kolar, Karnataka 563101, India.
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Organophosphorous compounds are chemical agents in wide spread use throughout the world in agricultural industries. This poses a major challenge to an anesthesiologist; there is accumulation of acetylcholine causing overstimulation of muscarinic and nicotinic receptors disruption of transmission of nerve impulses in both peripheral and central nervous system. Case Report: A 47 year old male presented with alleged history of OP compound consumption with complaints of pain and swelling on the left cheek. On examination Diffuse swelling with warmth and tenderness was present. A diagnosis of parotid abscess was made. Systemic examination - CNS - GCS-E4M5V4 with bilateral pupil -2mm reacting to light. Pseudo cholinesterase was 380. Anaesthetic Management: Preloaded with 500ml RL. Monitors connected. Patient wason continuous Atropine infusion, Inj Midazolam and Inj fentanyl. Preoxygenated with 100% oxygen. Induced with Inj Propofol. Laryngeal mask airway(LMA) number 5- Proseal was inserted. Anaesthesia maintained with 50% nitrous oxide in oxygen, IV propofol with intermittent positive pressure ventilation. Inj Atropine infusion was continued at 3ml/hr and titrated according to heart rate. The haemodynamic parameters remained stable throughout the procedure. The patient was extubated, Postoperative recovery was uneventful. Conclusion: The use of muscle relaxants can produce bradycardia and prolong the motor recovery.Volatile anesthetics can also cause bradyarrythmias. In this case report we found that patient with OP compound consumption can safely be managed under general anaesthesia with IV propofol, without muscle relaxant and inhalational volatile anaesthetics.
DO GENDER DIVERSITY AND CEO CULTURE AFFECT SUSTAINABILITY PERFORMANCE IN THE NIGERIAN BANKING INDUSTRY?
Authors: Idris Adamu Adamu , Yusuf Ismaila , Jinjiri Bala Ahmed
Published: January 2024

This study investigates how gender diversity and CEO culture affect sustainability performance in the banking industry. The sample used in the study was drawn from listed banks on the floor of the NGX group. The data were obtained from the Bloomberg Database with 88 firm-year observations (2011 to 2018). The regression estimate is based on a panel data approach. We found that female directors’ and CEOs’ cultures have greater tendencies to enhance sustainability performance proxied by ESG. Thus, the findings provide additional insight into the existing literature on sustainability and diversity initiatives as well as the resource dependency theory. It also adds to the existing literature on sustainability reporting. The findings, moreover, allude to the initiatives of the regulatory authority in the industry that emphasise the need to have a diversified board that includes female directors and other forms of diversity, for example, ethnicity.
BANK CREDIT GROWTH IN INDONESIA DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND ITS REGULATIONS
Authors: Aziz Abdul , Maulida Sri
Published: January 2024

Credit growth related to production, consumption, investment, exports, and imports is considered crucial for economic growth. The Covid-19 pandemic has had a major impact on the economies of countries in the world, as seen from a significant decline in credit growth. This study examines the effects of Economic Growth, Exchange Rate, Inflation, BI Rate, Third Party Funds (TPF), and Non-Performing Loans (NPL) on Banking Credit Growth in Indonesia during the COVID-19 Pandemic Period and regulations issued during that period. Analysis using multiple linear regression method using EViews 10 software with data type in the form of time series. The results of this study showed that only TPF growth had a significant effect. Simultaneously, the variables of Economic Growth, Exchange Rate, Inflation, BI Rate, NPL and Deposit Growth have a significant effect. The most dominantinfluencing variable is deposit growth.
Botanical control of coccidiosis in ruminants
Authors: Abbas Rao Zahid
Published: January 2024

Coccidiosis is one of the major parasitic diseases infecting almost all ruminants, including cows, buffalo, sheep, and goats. Coccidiosis is caused by the genus Eimeria, which are host-specific obligate intestinal parasites. These are found almost all over the world and cause infections leading to mortalities and morbidities. Coccidiosis is usually treated by ionophores and synthetic chemicals of various classes including ionophores and synthetic chemical drugs. These drugs have been effective against coccidiosis but emerging issues of anthelmintic resistance, public health concerns, and consumer demand for organic products are leading to minimizing the use of these drugs. Vaccination is also being used, but vaccine failure and high cost limit their use. Among alternatives, herbal medicines are promising replacements because of their complex formulations, multiple modes of action, easy availability, and cost-effectiveness. Various plants, their parts, various formulations like herbal preparations, and the active compounds found in them are being searched to control ruminant coccidiosis. Multiple groups of botanical formulations, i.e., Flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, terpenes, sulfur compounds, etc. have been proven to be effective against the ruminant coccidiosis-causing agents. They can control various stages of Eimeria directly and indirectly by antioxidant and immunomodulatory actions. Further research is needed to determine the most suitable herbal preparations and their pharmacological interactions for the effective and sustainable control of coccidiosis in ruminants. This review highlights the significance of ruminant coccidiosis, botanical compounds used against ruminant coccidiosis their mechanisms of action, and reasons and benefits of herbal compounds.
Insoluble fiber source influences performance, nutrients digestibility, gut development and carcass traits of broilers
Authors: Rasool Abid
Published: January 2024

A research study was executed to evaluate the dietary influence insoluble fiber obtained from different sources on various production parameters in the broilers. A total of 180 1d old mixed sex Ross 308 broiler chicks were procured and placed randomly to 5 treatment groups of 6 replicates each. There were 36 broilers in each treatment group. The broilers in first treatment group were fed basal diet whereas broilers in all other groups were fed ration containing insoluble fiber (oat and rice hulls wood shavings and sugarcane bagasse) each of which was included at level of 3%. All the diets were offered to the broilers in mesh form during the entire experimental duration of 7 weeks. The broilers fed oat hull based diet has significantly improved growth performance compared to those fed other experimental diets and control. Carcass traits including dressed weight with and without giblet breast and leg quarter yields were significantly higher by the addition of oat hulls compared to other dietary treatment groups. The broiler fed oat hulls and sugarcane bagasse based rations has significantly improved relative weight of the gizzard compared to other treatment groups. Gut health parameters including villus height and villus height to crypt depth ratio were increased by 15 and 34% whereas crypt depth was decreased by 34% by the addition of oat hulls in comparison with other dietary treatments. Apparent ileal digestibility of various nutrients including dry matter crude protein and amino acids was increased significantly by feeding oat hulls based ration to the broilers. In short dietary supplementation of sugarcane bagasse and oat hulls has resulted in an improved production and carcass parameters better intestinal histo-morphology and increased digestibility of various nutrients in the broilers.
Variation in element contents among free-range turkey egg yolks and albumens analyzed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry
Authors: Altun Serap Kılıç
Published: January 2024

Poultry eggs are not only a source of nutrients for embryonic development, but also one of the main sources of food for humans. The demand for turkey eggs is increasing day by day due to their functional properties such as supporting muscle and cell formation and being beneficial to the immune and digestive systems. In addition, it contains essential elements such as iron at a reasonable level, which is among the reasons for the consumer's preference. The data on the element content of free-range turkey eggs, which is such an ancient food, is very scarce. This study focused on determining various element content of freerange turkey egg yolk and albumen by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Within the scope of the research, sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), boron (B), aluminum (Al), and lead (Pb) levels were determined in turkey egg yolk (n=52) and albumen (n=52) samples. Phosphorus was the most concentrated element in both egg yolk and albumen. Element contents in yolks were higher than those in albumen, except Na, K, B, Al, and Pb. The element with the lowest concentration was Al in turkey egg yolks, while Mg was the lowest analyzed element in albumens. This study separately exhibited the element content of turkey egg consumers in their preference for egg yolk or albumen
One photon simultaneously excites two atoms in a ultrastrongly coupled light-matter system
Authors: Tomonaga Akiyoshi , Stassi Roberto , Mukai Hiroto , Nori Franco , Yoshihara Fumiki , Tsai Jaw-Shen
Published: January 2024

We experimentally investigate a superconducting circuit composed of two flux qubits ultrastrongly coupled to a common LC resonator. Owing to the large anharmonicity of the flux qubits, the system can be correctly described by a generalized Dicke Hamiltonian containing spin-spin interaction terms. In the experimentally measured spectrum, an avoided level crossing provides evidence of the exotic interaction that allows the simultaneous excitation of two artificial atoms by absorbing one photon from the resonator. This multi-atom ultrastrongly coupled system opens the door to studying nonlinear optics where the number of excitations is not conserved. This enables novel processes for quantum-information processing tasks on a chip.
Responses of Soil and Vegetation Properties to Chemical Fertilization in Restoring Coal Gangue Hills in an Alpine Mining Area
Authors: Jin Liqun , Li Xilai , Sun Huafang , Zhang Jing , Zhang Yufang , Gao Jay
Published: January 2024

During the coal mining operation, the accumulated soil in coal gangue hills often suffers from nutrient deficiencies, which can be overcome using fertilizer supplementation. The supplementation of exogenous nutrients has proven to be an effective means of enhancing physicochemical conditions of these soils and promoting vegetation reestablishment. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of plant growth and soil properties in vegetation restoration to a coal gangue hill, focusing on artificially seeded grasslands in a high-altitude mining area as the research subject. Over a period of three consecutive years, varying gradients of nitrogen and phosphorus supplements were applied to the coal gangue hill. Furthermore, the interrelationships between plants and soil factors at different dosages of chemical fertilization were analyzed so as to determine the appropriate fertilization level conducive to the ecological system's restoration in the area. The results of this study revealed significant responses (P < 0.05) in vegetation height, coverage, and biomass to nitrogen and phosphorus dosage, leading to a significant increase in the availability of soil nutrients (P < 0.05). Apart from moss coverage, fertilizer dosage exhibited a significant positive correlation (P < 0.05) with various vegetation characteristics, as well as a highly significant positive correlation (P < 0.05) with soil nutrient availability. Notably, no significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed in soil physical properties with varying nitrogen and phosphorus amendments. In conclusion, nitrogen and phosphorus supplementation is beneficial for promoting vegetation growth and improving soil chemical properties in high-altitude mining areas with coal gangue hills. The recommended minimum dosage is 40g/m² of urea in combination with 30g/m² of diammonium phosphate. This supplement should be applied continuously. Considering the capacity of the mining area's ecosystem to self-repair and the costs of ecological restoration, it is advisable to utilize organic fertilizers and sheep manure in the next phase of restoration.
Routine Health Information Quality and Associated Factors Among Health Facilities in Eastern Zone of Tigray, Ethiopia, 2021: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Nigusse Shimuye , Gebreegziabher Letekirstos , Gebretsadik Teklit
Published: January 2024

Background
The quality of healthcare relies on evidence-based decisions backed by high-quality routine health information (RHI). Evaluating RHI quality and factors associated with it is crucial for advancing healthcare information systems and improving overall healthcare quality. This study assesses RHI quality and its influencing factors in health facilities, specifically in primary healthcare facilities in Eastern Tigray, Ethiopia.
Methods
A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in selected health facilities in Eastern Tigray, supported by the Mekelle University Capacity Building and Monitoring program. Simple random sampling was used to select the woredas, with 224 departments assessed. Data was collected through questionnaires, observation checklists, and registry review. Descriptive statistics and ordinal logistic regression were used to analyze the routine health information quality and associated factors. The significance level was set at p-value < 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval.
Result
Only 13.39% of health facility departments meet the acceptable limit for routine health information quality (85% completeness, timeliness on 23–25 of the month, and accuracy of 90–110% verification factor). Being supported by the project is significantly associated with quality (Pearson X2 = 14.703, P = 0.001). Factors such as training on health information systems (2.173, 95% CI: 1.018, 4.638), display of targets (2.853, 95% CI: 1.10, 7.752), feedback (2.836, 95% CI: 1.267, 6.345), and perception of the importance of routine health information (5.330, 95% CI: 1.403, 20.254) are associated with quality in facilities not supported by the Capacity Building program. Supervision is a factor associated with quality in facilities supported by the program (adjusted proportional odds ratio and 95% confidence interval: 3.806, 1.66-12.427).
Conclusion
The data quality was below national expectations. Health centers had lower RHI quality compared to hospitals. Support from projects and training, supervision, and feedback improved data quality. Scaling up training, monitoring, and written feedback at various health system levels is recommended.
Emotion perception through the nose: How olfactory emotional cues modulate the perception of neutral facial expressions in affective disorders
Authors: Bò Elisa Dal , Cecchetto Cinzia , Callara Alejandro , Greco Alberto , Mura Francesca , Vanello Nicola , Francesco Fabio Di , Scilingo Enzo , Gentili Claudio
Published: January 2024

Human body odors are an effective modality of social communication. Individuals exposed to emotional body odors report a partial reproduction of the affective state of the sender. The present study aimed to explore how body odors collected in happiness and fearful conditions modulate the subjective ratings, the psychophysiological response and the neural processing of neutral faces in individuals with depressive symptoms, social anxiety symptoms, and healthy controls (N = 22 per group). To this aim, electrocardiogram (ECG) and HD-EEG were recorded continuously. For subjective ratings, individuals with depressive symptoms rated the neutral faces as more arousing when presented with the fear odor compared to the clean air condition. The heart rate variability (HRV) results showed a main effect of odor: HRV increased during the fear and happiness body odors compared to clean air, suggesting that at a peripheral level the two emotional body odors seem to increase the vagal tone. Lastly, event-related potentials (ERPs) and event-related spectral perturbations (ERPSs) extracted from the EEG were analysed. For ERPs data, mixed ANOVA analyses did not show any significant effects. However, the ERPSs analyses revealed that the emotional body odors modulated the processing of the neutral faces both at an early and a late stage of stimulus processing, regardless of the presence of depressive or social anxiety symptoms. The current research offers new insights, demonstrating that emotional chemosignals serve as potent environmental cues. This represents a substantial advancement in comprehending the impact of emotional chemosignals in both individuals with and without affective disorders.
A retrospective study for diagnostic value of chromosomal microarray analysis in fetuses with high-risk prenatal indications
Authors: Xiao Hui. , xiao junfang , Huang Shuhui , Zou Yongyi , Lu Qing , Yuan Huizhen , Yang Bicheng , Liu Yanqiu
Published: January 2024

Objective
The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of prenatal chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) for fetuses with high risk for various conditions on chromosomal abnormalities.
Methods
8560 clinical samples were collected from pregnant women between Feb 2018 and June 2022, including 75 villus, 7642 amniotic fluid, and 843 umbilical cord blood samples. This retrospective analysis included pregnancies with high-risk indications for invasive prenatal diagnosis, mainly including ultrasound anomalies, high-risk for maternal serum screening(MMS), high-risk for non-invasive prenatal tests (NIPT), family history of genetic disorders or birth defects, and advanced maternal age (AMA). All samples were evaluated by both CMA and karyotyping. The rate of clinically significant genomic imbalances between the different groups was compared.
Results
The success rate of CMA was 99.95% (8556/8560). A total of 1037 samples (12.11%, 1037/8560) presented with chromosomal abnormalities by using CMA, whereas 803 samples (9.38%, 803/8560) presented with chromosomal abnormalities by using karyotyping. The overall prenatal diagnostic yield was 1040 (12.14%) of 8560 pregnancies. Clinically significant genomic aberrations were identified in 153 (6.21%) of 2463 patients with non-structural ultrasound anomalies, 79(6.38%) of 1238 with structural ultrasound anomalies, 37 (4.26%) of 868 at high-risk for MSS, 395(42.29%) of 934 at high-risk for NIPT, 16 (2.94%) of 544 with a family history, 7 (1.89%) of 369 with AMA, 1 (1.56%) of 64 with history of adverse exposure, 10 (4.46%) of 224 with parental chromosome anomalies and 9 (2.99%) of 301 with other indications.
Conclusion
CMA has a better diagnostic value for screening chromosomal abnormalities, especially for pregnant women with normal karyotypes. The diagnostic yields of CMA for pregnancies with different indications greatly varied. CMA could serve as a first-tier test for structural anomalies, especially multiple anomalies, hydrops fetalis, cystic hygroma and thickened nuchal translucency or nuchal fold.
Biodegradation of polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene (PS) microplastics by floc-forming bacteria, Bacillus cereus strain SHBF2 isolated from a commercial aquafarm
Authors: Hossain Shahadat , Shukri Zuhayra Nasrin Ahmad , Waiho Khor , Ibrahim Yusof Shuaib , Kamaruzzan Amyra Suryatie , Rahim Ahmad Ideris Abdul , Draman Ahmad Shuhaimi , Wahab Wahidah , Khatoon Helena , Kasan Nor Azman
Published: January 2024

The ubiquitous proximity of the commonly used microplastic (MP) particles particularly polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene (PS) poses a serious threat to the environment, and human health globally. Biological treatment as an environment-friendly approach to counter MPs pollution has recent interest when the bio-agent has beneficial functions in their ecosystem. This study aimed to utilize beneficial floc-forming bacteria B. cereus SHBF2 isolated from an aquaculture farm in reducing the MPs particles (PE, PP, and PS) from their environment. The bacteria were inoculated for 60 days in a media containing MPs particles as a sole carbon source. On different days of incubation (DOI), the bacterial growth analysis was monitored and the MPs particles were harvested to examine their weight loss, surface changes, and alterations in chemical properties. After 60 DOI, the highest weight loss was recorded for PE, 6.87 ± 0.92%, which was further evaluated to daily reduction rate (k), 0.00118 gday− 1, and half-life (t1/2), 605.08 ± 138.52 days. The OD value (1.74 ± 0.008 Abs.) indicated the higher efficiency of bacteria for PP utilization, and so for the colony formation per define volume (1.04 × 1011 CFU/mL). Biofilm formation, erosions, cracks, and fragments were evident during the observation of the tested MPs using the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The formation of carbonyl and alcohol group due to the oxidation and hydrolysis by SHBF2 strain were confirmed using the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) analysis. Additionally, the alterations of pH and CO2 evolution from each of the MPs type ensures the bacterial activity and mineralization of the MPs particles. The findings of this study have confirmed and indicated a higher degree of biodegradation for all of the selected MPs particles. B. cereus SHBF2, the floc-forming bacteria used in aquaculture, has demonstrated a great potential for use as an efficient MPs degrading bacterium in the biofloc farming system in the near future to guarantee a sustainable green aquaculture production.