bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conforto térmico em contêiner metálico utilizado como ponto de ônibus: estudo de caso em Cuiabá-MT
Authors: Pires Válery Kessis da Silva , Musis Carlo Ralph de , Souza Roberta Daniela de Souza Lauxen da , Hoki Vanusa de Souza Pacheco , Ferreira Noel Flávio Costa
Published: February 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o conforto térmico em um contêiner metálico utilizado como ponto de ônibus na cidade de Cuiabá-MT, implantado por meio de um projeto municipal de substituição de pontos de ônibus tradicionais pelo modelo ponto contêiner. A pesquisa levou em consideração as sensações térmicas e possíveis consequências fisiológicas de milhares de pessoas que permanecem no ambiente expostos as altas temperaturas da cidade. As análises no lócus estudado, ocorreram nos períodos chuvoso e seco de 2019, em horários de maior concentração de usuários. Foi realizada uma avaliação qualitativa de percepção de conforto térmico com amostragem de 400 pessoas, constatando para o índice Voto Médio Real (AMV), 45,6% e 52,1% no período chuvoso e, 74,0% e 84,9% no período seco, a sensação térmica ‘com muito calor’. Para a Porcentagem de Pessoas Insatisfeitas (PPD), 91,1% e 82,6% no período chuvoso e, 97,6% e 95,9% no período seco, gostariam que o ambiente estivesse mais frio. Foram registradas imagens termográficas do módulo, nas quais as temperaturas de superfície alcançaram 50,8°C no período seco. Um modelo estatístico foi utilizado para análises das variáveis ambientais assim como o cálculo do Heat Index nos períodos estudados, constatando-se nível de alerta ‘perigo’ para os limites superiores calculados, sugerindo possibilidade de eventuais riscos fisiológicos como cãibras, insolação, esgotamento e dano cerebral (AVC). Os resultados das análises evidenciaram além dos riscos fisiológicos, o desconforto térmico no uso do contêiner como ponto de ônibus.
Gerenciamento de resíduos no contexto escolar: uma potencial ferramenta para a bioconsciência de alunos do IFMA, Barra do Corda-Maranhão
Authors: Loiola Nilson dos Santos , Nascimento Alane Oliveira , Silva Kelma Morais
Published: February 2021

A ambivalência entre o preservar e conservar levou a população a atual diversidade de ideias e às desordens globais, de um lado os grupos ambientais radicais e do outro os compreensivos, sustentáveis e economicamente pujantes, cabendo agora o desafio de desvincular a humanidade desse embate guiando-a para um movimento ambiental libertador onde, mediante a educação ambiental, se construa consciência ambiental e as ações em prol da proteção planetária não necessitem de porquês para ganharem sentido e relevância. A participação é um elemento fundamental em todo processo social, em especial nos arranjos econômicos e ambientais uma vez que demandam, acima de tudo, a identificação e afinidade ideológica de seus partícipes. No bojo das ações de educação ambiental, fomentar meios para que a sociedade se identifique com os projetos e sinta afinidade com as correntes ambientais deve ser o primeiro passo para a concepção de uma comunidade engajada. Nesse sentido o presente projeto buscou articular ações no espaço físico do IFMA/ Campus Barra do Corda com concepções teóricas metodológicas do grupo Boticário, unindo iniciativa privada com iniciativa pública, no sentido de obter uma justaposição de olhares acerca do reuso e reciclagem de resíduos sólidos provenientes de produtos de perfumaria, cosméticos e de resíduos orgânicos, favorecendo a cadeia produtiva de uma organização solidária, a Associação de Catadores de Materiais Recicláveis (ASCAMAR) em São Luís – MA. O projeto foi executado com uma metodologia descritiva, exploratória e quantitativa, coletando aproximadamente 33,696 Kg de resíduos, dentre eles embalagens de papel, plástico, metal, vidro, além de borra de café, todos direcionado para práticas de reciclagem, seja por meio da ASCAMAR ou distribuídos para uso como complemento de adubação (borra de café desidratada). Dessa forma, o projeto contribuiu para debates sobre o tema, fortalecimento da eco consciência dos participantes (em especial dos alunos), para a promoção do engajamento da comunidade escolar em dinâmicas de educação ambiental, concluindo-se que devido sua importância geral o referido projeto deve ser retomado tão logo as condições sanitárias permitam, a fim de abranger mais alunos para assim ocorrer inclusão de novas turmas, novos parceiros e novas comunidades a serem atendidas.
Queimadas em áreas do Cerrado brasileiro
Authors: Feitosa Júnior Francisco Rubens , Souza Ranieldo Barreiras Barbosa , Cedro Tâmara Andressa Pires , Valério Rayan Araújo , Dias Edimar Souza , Santos José Yure Gomes dos
Published: February 2021

As queimadas têm causado prejuízos aos elementos da paisagem, destruição da fauna e flora, além da deterioração da fertilidade do solo. O objetivo do presente trabalho é a detecção e quantificação de extensas áreas atingidas por eventos de queimadas através de sensores óticos, verificando a reincidência de queimadas em localidades do Cerrado a partir de imagens de sensoriamento remoto. A área de estudo foi a microrregião de Barreiras-Bahia, que possui aproximadamente 53.000 km², sendo constituída por sete municípios: Barreiras, Luís Eduardo Magalhães, São Desidério, Formosa do Rio Preto, Riachão das Neves, Baianópolis e Catolândia.  Para a realização do trabalho foram utilizados dados de foco de calor adquiridos no portal do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), oriundos do satélite NOAA-19; e os dados de pluviometria foram disponibilizados pela Agência Nacional de Águas (ANA) e Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET). Para analisar a densidade dos focos de calor foi utilizado o método de densidade de Kernel, e foi analisada a sua relação com a precipitação entre 2015 a 2019. Com os dados referentes a precipitação anual média na microrregião de Barreiras, foi utilizado o método do Inverso da Distância Ponderada (IDW) para gerar mapas de índices pluviométricos. Conclui-se que quando comparadas as ocorrências de focos de calor com a média anual precipitada, em cada ano, é possível indicar que a quantidade de precipitação registrada na região, mesmo que de forma assimétrica, pode ter influenciado na ocorrência de focos de incêndio. Embora que quando comparadas a distribuição espacial dos focos de calor com a distribuição espacial da precipitação, não se observa clara relação entre ambos, já que a distribuição temporal da precipitação pode influenciar nesse processo, além da ocorrência de queimadas por práticas intencionais, acidentais ou criminosas.
Nitrogênio e Carbono espaço-temporais dissolvidos na precipitação e lixiviado da serrapilheira em duas microbacias Amazônicas
Authors: Almeida Leonardo Lemos , Carvalho Lady Laura Pantoja Pereira de , Santos Patricia Silva dos , Felizzola Juliana Feitosa , Pacheco Nilza Araujo
Published: February 2021

O estudo objetiva avaliar a dinâmica de nitrogênio e carbono dissolvidos em lixiviado da serrapilheira e precipitação, nas microbacias do Cumaru e São João (cerca de 12 km do município de Igarapé-Açu, no nordeste paraense), sob 4 diferentes manejos para cada microbacia: vegetação ripária, capoeira, sistema agroflorestal (SAF) e sistema de corte e trituração. As amostras foram coletadas mensalmente de fevereiro de 2014 a abril de 2015. O lixiviado da serrapilheira foi obtido pela solução escoada sob a camada de serrapilheira no solo em quadrantes de 1x1 m, enquanto que a precipitação se coletou por calhas conectadas a galões, sendo verificado in loco os parâmetros físico-químicos e analisado em laboratório, após adição de preservantes e filtragem: Carbono Orgânico Dissolvido (COD), Carbono Inorgânico Dissolvido (CID), Nitrogênio Orgânico Dissolvido (NOD), amônio (NH4+) e nitrato (NO3-). Onde verificou-se interferência dos períodos de transição climatológica sob a disponibilidade de nutrientes e os parâmetros físico-químicos avaliados; sendo as épocas mais chuvosas responsáveis por altas na acidez, na lixiviação e no consumo de oxigênio, já as menos chuvosas apresentaram elevação nos teores dos nutrientes analisados (especialmente em sistemas naturais e mais diversificados), exceto os ânions nitrogenados. Os SAFs e sistemas corte e trituração (menor proporção) atuaram significativamente no aproveitamento dos nutrientes lixiviados sob o solo.
Potencial do endocarpo da manga (Mangifera indica L.) como adubo orgânico
Authors: Bitencourt Emanoelen Bitencourt e , Almeida Karina Miranda de , Ferreira Juliana Cardoso , Pereira Gleidson Marques , Pereira Júnior Antonio
Published: February 2021

A cultura da Mangifera indica L. possui ampla produção no nordeste e sudeste do Brasil, devido ao valor nutricional e propriedades do fruto. Entretanto, após o consumo in natura ou de manga processada, boa parte do fruto é desperdiçada, como o endocarpo. Com isso, o presente trabalho objetivou avaliar, qualitativamente, as características químicas do solo acrescido do adubo resultante da compostagem do endocarpo de manga, e o desenvolvimento longitudinal do milho (Zea mays L.) em vasos com diferentes substratos. A pesquisa foi realizada em Marabá/PA, e a metodologia empregada foi a observativa, sistemática e experimental. Foi realizada compostagem dos endocarpos de manga para a formação do Composto Orgânico Adicionado (COA), e a semeadura do milho foi feita para quatro tratamentos, com três repetições, em que os substratos utilizados foram: S1 – areia; S2 – terra preta; S3 – COA; S4 – COA + CNPK. Após o plantio foram efetuadas coletas de solo para análise química. Os dados obtidos indicaram que, na compostagem, somente temperatura não alcançou valores usualmente obtidos no processo, devido ao pequeno tamanho da leira no experimento. Quanto ao plantio, a temperatura esteve na faixa recomendável em todos os substratos, mas os maiores valores de umidade foram encontrados em S3 e S4. Em relação à análise química, houve incremento significativo dos macronutrientes, e isto levou ao maior desenvolvimento do milho em S3 e S4. Portanto, a adição de semente de manga à terra preta incrementou tal oferta, que, aliada à retenção hídrica, contribuiu para um melhor crescimento do milho.
Indicadores estratégicos de desenvolvimento ambiental da cidade de Belém, Pará
Authors: Blanco Lisandra Cristine Monteiro , Gutierrez Lucy Anne Lobão , Dourado Junior Octávio Cascaes , Pontes Altem Nascimento
Published: February 2021

O número de pesquisas relacionadas às ‘cidades sustentáveis’ vem crescendo, pois estabelecem novas formas de interpretação e monitoramento, por meio de índices ambientais, da realidade ambiental dos munícipes. Esta pesquisa contribuiu à ampliação do conhecimento sobre os Índices de Desenvolvimento Ambiental e a forma que se comportam quando aplicados, tendo grande relevância por fazer avaliações de questões que afetam a população, principalmente no quesito qualidade de vida, além de levantar dados que poderão auxiliar na elaboração de políticas públicas e privadas que visem uma economia mais sustentável para a cidade. Desse modo, objetivou-se fazer um estudo sobre os indicadores estratégicos de desenvolvimento ambiental da cidade de Belém, Pará. A coleta de dados foi realizada a partir do segundo semestre de 2016 a setembro de 2017. Os dados desta pesquisa abrangeram os anos de 2016 e 2017, ou seja, corresponderam a um período relevante para que fosse formulado o IDA do município de Belém do Pará. Diante do resultado encontrado, de acordo com a metodologia utilizada, Belém não pode ser considerada uma cidade ‘aprovada’, pois o valor obtido (4,65) está abaixo da média que é cinco (5,0), ressaltando que o valor máximo a ser atingido é dez (10,0). Além disso, o valor encontrado individualmente no IDA de cada grupo (A, B e C) reflete a área em que o município deve direcionar sua atenção. Após o estudo dos indicadores, verificou-se que a cidade de Belém do Pará não pode ser considerada uma cidade desenvolvida ambientalmente, necessitando de atenção em todos os quesitos avaliados (qualidade de água e ar, resíduos sólidos e áreas verdes).
Avaliação de impactos ambientais: urbanização do Açude de Bodocongó, Campina Grande/PB
Authors: Araújo Elaine Cristina dos Santos , Gomes Ivanise , Silva Monica Maria Pereira
Published: February 2021

O desenvolvimento urbano tem ocasionado o aumento das atividades antrópicas sobre os recursos naturais, gerando impactos negativos significativos ao meio ambiente. Nesta perspectiva, este estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar os impactos ambientais decorrentes da urbanização do Açude de Bodocongó, em Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil. Para análise desses impactos, adotou-se como instrumento de pesquisa: visitas in loco, através das quais foram aplicadas entrevistas não estruturadas com a população que circula o empreendimento, observação direta e registros fotográficos. Os impactos foram identificados e descritos através de checklist e avaliados por meio de matriz. Constatou-se que a urbanização resultou em seis impactos positivos e nove negativos. Entre os impactos positivos destacam-se mudança da paisagem e a construção do Parque Ecológico de Bodocongó, cujo principal efeito compreendeu a reorganização econômica e social daquela área, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento de novos tecidos urbanos e valorização local. Os impactos negativos identificados, porém, expressam maior magnitude e ameaçam a estabilidade daquele sistema aquático que constitui um patrimônio histórico, considerado pelos cientistas como berço da Limnologia. Observou-se a desconstrução da figura cênica típica da região e a intensificação dos impactos negativos que vem provocando a degradação daquele sistema aquático ao longo dos anos. No caso, de persistir a degradação, o Açude de Bodocongó tornar-se-á apenas uma página da história.
Les caractéristiques de l’entrepreneuriat culturel et créatif dans le contexte malien
Authors: Douyon Rosalie
Published: February 2021

L’entrepreneuriat créatif et culturel est considéré comme un moteur important de la croissance économique par les pouvoirs politiques. Néanmoins, malgré la reconnaissance de l’utilité de ce type d’entrepreneuriat, les données quantifiables sur son impact sont rares, voire inexistantes dans les pays en voie de développement. Cet article passe en revue les connaissances issues de la littérature et présente les résultats d’une étude qualitative sur les caractéristiques et la représentation de l’entrepreneuriat créatif et culturel dans un pays en voie de développement comme le Mali et son impact dans l’économie globale du pays. Les résultats montrent que l’entrepreneuriat créatif et culturel occupe une place importante dans la société malienne (attachement aux traditions et valorisation de la culture), avec une dimension sociologique et des représentations identitaires. Il s’agit ici d’un entrepreneuriat par nécessité qui se caractérise aussi par la volonté de promouvoir les savoirs, les savoir-faire et la culture traditionnelle malienne et africaine. Les résultats mettent enfin en lumière son impact notamment sur la création d’emplois, la lutte contre la pauvreté et le développement social et sociétal, car la survie des familles et de l’entourage en dépend.
Devenir entrepreneur culturel en situation linguistique minoritaire : une perspective de la pratique1
Authors: Bissonnette Joëlle
Published: February 2021

Cet article propose une conceptualisation alternative de l’entrepreneuriat culturel. Partant d’une étude qualitative par entretiens semi-dirigés menée dans l’industrie musicale de minorités linguistiques, il offre un modèle inscrit dans la perspective de la pratique, qui tient compte de la relation mutuellement constitutive entre le contexte et les pratiques entrepreneuriales. Ce modèle émerge des histoires de 35 entrepreneurs musicaux. Il invite à observer les pratiques telles qu’elles répondent aux tensions induites par un contexte social, entre la création musicale et la subsistance, par exemple, et telles qu’elles transforment ce contexte. Il a conduit à identifier 14 pratiques qui permettent aux entrepreneurs d’assurer la viabilité de la création et de la production de musique vocale dans leur langue. En révélant la logique relationnelle qui sous-tend l’émergence de ces pratiques, l’article rejoint les efforts de théorisation de l’entrepreneuriat culturel. Il élargit et diversifie aussi nos connaissances de cet entrepreneuriat en dévoilant des pratiques informelles déployées dans des contextes sociaux marginaux. Comprendre ces pratiques peut s’avérer utile à tout organisme ou toute personne en position de soutenir les entrepreneurs culturels de ces contextes.
L’influence du profil identitaire des aspirants apprentis sur leurs choix d’ateliers d’apprentissage
Authors: Sedo Sénana Kodjovi Wuayi
Published: February 2021

Les TPE artisanales en Afrique subsaharienne courent le risque « de voir leur performance se détériorer » si elles ne renouvellent pas leur personnel constitué principalement d’apprentis non rémunérés. Cependant, très peu de recherches ont porté sur les déterminants du choix d’atelier d’apprentissage. Cet article se propose donc d’élargir les connaissances sur ces déterminants de choix d’aspirants apprentis à partir d’une analyse des dimensions de la marque employeur, des déterminants des choix scolaires et en introduisant l’influence du profil identitaire dans le choix d’atelier. Basé essentiellement sur l’analyse de 32 discours d’apprentis et sur une démarche de quantification des données portant sur 92 apprentis, ce travail a une triple contribution. D’une part, il enrichit la littérature en expliquant les spécificités du processus de choix des ateliers chez les apprentis non rémunérés. D’autre part, le présent travail identifie plusieurs profils d’aspirants apprentis, ce qui suggère des comportements d’apprentis différenciés et remet en cause les précédents travaux. Enfin, ce travail établit une relation entre profil d’apprenti et choix d’atelier permettant ainsi d’appréhender plus d’aspects du phénomène de choix que ne le font les études antérieures.
Les magasins de producteurs : vers un renouveau de l’action collective des PME agricoles1
Authors: Jaouen Annabelle , Jaeck Mélanie , Joly Cédrine , Kessari Myriam
Published: February 2021

De nouvelles initiatives alternatives émergent dans le secteur alimentaire, avec un engouement particulier pour les circuits courts et la vente directe. Des producteurs se rassemblent pour créer des magasins de producteurs (MP) afin de vendre leur production localement. Face au contexte changeant et aux limites des formes d’action collective traditionnelles (coopératives), il peut être difficile pour les producteurs de faire un choix éclairé de circuit de commercialisation. Cette recherche vise à examiner ce nouveau type d’action collective et à comprendre (a) les motifs pour participer à un MP, (b) quels en sont les apports pour les producteurs et (c) quelles difficultés ils rencontrent. L’étude qualitative approfondie via 57 entretiens semi-directifs auprès de producteurs engagés dans des MP apporte des éléments de réponse à ces trois questions. Au niveau théorique, cette recherche permet de discuter en quoi les MP représentent un renouveau de l’action collective en agriculture. Au niveau managérial, elle propose un cadre réflexif pour les producteurs déjà engagés dans les MP ou souhaitant s’y engager.
Du degré zéro de l’écriture chorégraphique à la dramaturgie du vivant
Authors: Montaignac Katya
Published: February 2021

Sous la forme d’une conférence mise en dialogue lors d’un souper, ce texte plurivoque explore le « degré zéro » de l’écriture chorégraphique éprouvé par la danse performative. Qu’advient-il du corps dansant quand la chorégraphie évacue l’idée même de « danse »? Cette écriture scénique engage une temporalité et un état de présence spécifiques qui, inscrits dans l’ici et maintenant, génèrent un effet de réel. À travers une mise en jeu du corps qui tend à sa réduction, à son effacement, voire à sa disparition, cette « dramaturgie du vivant » attise paradoxalement l’imaginaire du ou de la spectateur·trice.
À l’écoute d’une textualité performative : l’expérience de Phonographie maritime
Authors: Quéinnec Jean-Paul , Giguère Andrée-Anne
Published: February 2021

Depuis un processus immersif à Saint-Nazaire en France et la présentation publique dePhonographie maritimeà l’Université du Québec à Chicoutimi au Québec, nous voulons sonder et revendiquer le concept de textualité performative. Notre objectif ne consiste pas à cerner définitivement ce que nous entendons par une textualité performative en raison même de sa nature transitoire et de sa forme en connexion (in)constante, mais plutôt à témoigner de l’expérience aurale et écologique qu’elle suscite, puis de la matérialité polymorphe et vibrante qui s’en échappe, convoquant non plus seulement des mots mais aussi un maillage de paysages, de cultures, de scènes, de médias, de corporéités et de sensations.
Les mots et les corps : le texte comme matériau pour la création d’une installation performative
Authors: Bernal Claudia
Published: February 2021

Dans cet article, l’artiste-chercheuse Claudia Bernal aborde, à partir d’une perspective autopoïétique, l’utilisation du texte littéraire comme matériau plastique pour la création d’une oeuvre interdisciplinaire. Elle analyse différentes stratégies d’adaptation et d’intégration de trois nouvelles de Gabriel García Márquez tirées du recueil Des yeux de chien bleu (2005 [1974]) dans son installation performative L’envers des îles blanches (2014). Ces stratégies relèvent principalement de la transposition visuelle, sonore et performative du texte à partir du dialogue entre l’écriture de l’auteur et celle de l’artiste visuelle, d’une rencontre entre les deux ancrée dans le vécu personnel de cette dernière.
Storytelling y política: cómo empezar una historia y acabar contando cuentos
Authors: Farran Teixidó Eduard
Published: February 2021

En la sociedad de la economía de la atención en la que estamos viviendo, ya hace un tiempo que el storytelling ha ido ganando adeptos como herramienta de comunicación (Núñez, 2007). Esta disciplina, muy arraigada en los EE. UU. y ampliamente utilizada en múltiples profesiones -que van desde la medicina al periodismo-, ha tenido especial arraigo en la política de ese país, sobre todo desde la elección de Ronald Reagan a principios de los pasados años ochenta (Salmon, 2008).
La fuerza de la Fuerza
Authors: Sánchez-Navarro Jordi
Published: February 2021

El estreno de Star Wars: El despertar de la fuerza nos ha ofrecido la oportunidad de pensar en el impacto de la saga creada por George Lucas en la cultura popular contemporánea. La cobertura dada por los medios al estreno, a las primeras reacciones del público y a los resultados iniciales de taquilla ha mostrado hasta qué punto los grandes acontecimientos del mundo del espectáculo siguen siendo socialmente relevantes.
Resultados irreproducibles: la tragicomedia de los errores
Authors: Cavaller Víctor
Published: February 2021

La acumulación de evidencias sobre errores experimentales y de análisis cometidos en ciencias naturales, sociales y/o aplicadas, constatados a partir del examen de reproducibilidad de los resultados publicados en revistas científicas de prestigio, comienza a ser preocupante para la comunidad científica. El fenómeno demuestra la falta de rigor en los procesos de revisión peer-review, la falta de recursos en los sistemas de evaluación cualitativa de las comisiones de expertos así como cierta propensión al error y a la laxitud en la actividad investigadora cuando ésta está asociada a la presión por publicar y a la necesidad de reconocimiento de los méritos en el sistema científico-académico. Varias iniciativas se están desarrollando para neutralizar la avalancha de publicaciones de resultados científicos irreproducibles. Se trata de diseñar sistemas de evaluación abierta y de corrección de resultados con el objetivo de asegurar la calidad y la consistencia del progreso del conocimiento científico.
Ranking renqueante
Authors: Lalueza Ferran
Published: February 2021

Renquear significa cojear a causa de alguna disfunción en el pie o la cadera. Eso es precisamente lo que les ocurre a algunos de los numerosos rankings que pretenden identificar la excelencia dentro de un determinado sistema universitario pero que, a fuerza de simplificar la realidad que analizan, acaban perdiendo el equilibrio... y la perspectiva. El U-Ranking constituye el penúltimo ejemplo de estos rankings renqueantes.
Periodismo gastronómico y otras 'delicatessen'
Authors: Creus Amalia
Published: February 2021

En la actualidad, raro es el medio de comunicación que no cuenta con una sección dedicada a la comida: recetas, críticas gastronómicas, entrevistas a celebrities del mundo foodie, curiosidades y últimas tendencias... Escribir sobre la comida no es algo nuevo y se remonta, probablemente, al inicio de la escritura, o incluso antes, ya que los primeros garabatos de los hombres prehistóricos eran dibujos de bisontes y otros “platos” de la época.
Cambia la información, cambia el grado, cambias tú
Authors: López-Borrull Alexandre
Published: February 2021

1996. Me dan un correo electrónico (@neron.uab.es). Minutos después me doy cuenta de que la demás gente que tiene un correo electrónico trabaja conmigo. No puedo enviar ningún correo. Año 2000. Dejo de bajar a la Biblioteca de Ciencias de la Autónoma y tener un montón de revistas y volúmenes de revistas para hacer fotocopias en una sala recalentada y llena de ozono. 2003. Nace E-LiS, un repositorio para publicar toda la producción científica en Información y Documentación. 2006. Nace PLOS ONE, megarevista que sacude el mundo de las revistas como lo entendemos. Y así mil ejemplos de cómo los usos y producto informativos van cambiando.
Los medios sociales y la lucha por atraer y mantener usuarios
Authors: Martínez Martínez Silvia
Published: February 2021

Internet y el desarrollo de las tecnologías digitales han abierto nuevas posibilidades y espacios de comunicación a través de los cuales dan respuesta a necesidades informativas, de entretenimiento y socialización, además de mostrar un alto valor instrumental en diferentes facetas de la vida cotidiana. Los medios sociales han integrado estas funcionalidades y evolucionan con estrategias que se adaptan a las nuevas demandas y les permiten mantener y atraer usuarios.
More Specialties, Fewer Problems: Using Collaborative Competency Between Infectious Diseases, Podiatry, and Pathology to Improve the Care of Patients with Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis
Authors: Jhaveri Vimal V. , Sullivan Christopher , Ward Ashley , Giurini John M. , Karchmer Adolf W. , Stillman Isaac E. , Davis Roger B. , Freed Jason A. , LaSalvia Mary T. , Stead Wendy
Published: February 2021

Background: Diabetic foot osteomyelitis is a common infection where treatment involves multiple services, including infectious diseases, podiatry, and pathology. Despite its ubiquity in the hospital, consensus on much of its management is lacking.

Methods: Representatives from infectious diseases, podiatry, and pathology interested in quality improvement developed multidisciplinary institutional recommendations culminating in an educational intervention describing optimal diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO). Knowledge acquisition was assessed by preintervention and postintervention surveys. Inpatients with forefoot DFO were retrospectively reviewed before and after intervention to assess frequency of recommended diagnostic and therapeutic maneuvers, including appropriate definition of surgical bone margins, definitive histopathology reports, and unnecessary intravenous antibiotics or prolonged antibiotic courses.

Results: A postintervention survey revealed significant improvements in knowledge of antibiotic treatment duration and the role of oral antibiotics in managing DFO. There were 104 consecutive patients in the preintervention cohort (April 1, 2018, to April 1, 2019) and 32 patients in the postintervention cohort (November 5, 2019, to March 1, 2020), the latter truncated by changes in hospital practice during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Noncategorizable or equivocal disease reports decreased from before intervention to after intervention (27.0% versus 3.3%, respectively; P = .006). We observed nonsignificant improvement in correct bone margin definition (74.0% versus 87.5%; P = .11), unnecessary peripherally inserted central catheter line placement (18.3% versus 9.4%; P = .23), and unnecessary prolonged antibiotics (21.9% versus 5.0%; P = .10). In addition, by working as an interdisciplinary group, many solvable misunderstandings were identified, and processes were adjusted to improve the quality of care provided to these patients.

Conclusions: This quality improvement initiative regarding management of DFO led to improved provider knowledge and collaborative competency between these three departments, improvements in definitive pathology reports, and nonsignificant improvement in several other clinical endpoints. Creating collaborative competency may be an effective local strategy to improve knowledge of diabetic foot infection and may generalize to other common multidisciplinary conditions.
Open science takes on Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Riley Ekemini AU , Schekman Randy
Published: February 2021

The Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) initiative was set up to improve understanding of the biology underlying the onset and progression of Parkinson’s disease. With an emphasis on open science and collaboration, we have assembled a research network led by nearly 100 investigators to explore the pathology of Parkinson’s disease, and this network will soon expand to include researchers working on relevant (dys)-functional neural circuits. We have also contributed to large-scale genetics and patient cohort initiatives related to the disease. We hope that these actions, and others planned for the future, will deepen our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying the origin and evolution of Parkinson’s disease and, ultimately, contribute to the development of novel therapies.
Why Won’t They Just Adopt Good Research Data Management Practices? An Exploration of Research Teams and Librarians’ Role in Facilitating RDM Adoption
Authors: Llebot Clara , Rempel Hannah Gascho
Published: February 2021

Adoption of good research data management practices is increasingly important for research teams. Despite the work the research community has done to define best data management practices, these practices are still difficult to adopt for many research teams. Universities all around the world have been offering Research Data Services to help their research groups, and libraries are usually an important part of these services. A better understanding of the pressures and factors that affect research teams may help librarians serve these groups more effectively. The social interactions between the members of a research team are a key element that influences the likelihood of a research group successfully adopting best practices in data management. In this article we adapt the Unified Theory of the Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model (Venkatesh, Morris, Davis, & Davis, 2003) to explain the variables that can influence whether new and better, data management practices will be adopted by a research group. We describe six moderating variables: size of the team, disciplinary culture, group culture and leadership, team heterogeneity, funder, and dataset decisions. We also develop three research group personas as a way of navigating the UTAUT model, and as a tool Research Data Services practitioners can use to target interactions between librarians and research groups to make them more effective.
From “Patchy Endorsements” to Intentional Advocacy: Deconstructing Bias in the Language of Open Access
Authors: Collister Lauren B. , Cantrell Melissa H.
Published: February 2021

This paper argues that linguistic features common in discourse around Open Access Publishing are socially constructed in ways that lend themselves to implicit bias against the Open Access (OA) movement. These biases materialize through common linguistic practices such as de-centering OA and highlighting the uncertainty of OA Publishing, resulting in “patchy endorsements” of the status quo of Subscription Publishing. Following previous research that demonstrates how educational content on OA can lead to cognitive load and biases that reinforce the status quo in scholarly publishing, we analyze publicly available, online content from our own institutions with an eye towards how these biases manifest specifically in the practice of librarianship. Using examples from this analysis, we suggest strategies and intentional language that can be used by librarians and other OA advocates to counteract bias and shift towards a construction of OA Publishing as the status quo. While many strategies and difficult negotiations are needed to functionally establish OA as the default in scholarly publishing, language choice is a device through which advocates at any level can advance towards an open-centered culture.
The Factors Significant to the Introduction of Institutional Open Access Policies: Two Case Studies of R-1 Universities
Authors: Lo Leo S.
Published: February 2021

INTRODUCTION US universities are increasingly unable to afford research journal subscriptions due to the rising prices charged by for-profit academic publishers. Open access (OA) appears to be the most backed option to disrupt the current publishing model. The purpose of this study is to understand the factors significant to the introduction of institutional OA policies at selected United States R-1 universities. METHODS An in-depth qualitative study, including interviews with stakeholders, was conducted on two R-1universities with OA policies that have been implemented for at least five years. results The results of this study reveal that while the perceived sustainability of the scholarly communication business model was an initial driver, open dissemination of knowledge was the primary factor for the development of institutional policies. discussion Open dissemination of knowledge aligns with the mission of both institutions. Interviewees believe that a wider and more open dissemination of the institution’s research cost could positively affect their faculty’s research impact, which could then affect the institution’s reputation, rankings, classifications and funding. CONCLUSION While the initial driver for exploring OA scholarly communication for both institutions was the perceived unsustainability of the scholarly communication model, the most important factor that led to the creation of their policies was the desire to disseminate the faculty’s scholarship.
The classification of movement intention through machine learning models: the identification of significant time-domain EMG features
Authors: Mohd Khairuddin Ismail , Sidek Shahrul Naim , P.P. Abdul Majeed Anwar , Mohd Razman Mohd Azraai , Ahmad Puzi Asmarani , Md Yusof Hazlina
Published: February 2021

Electromyography (EMG) signal is one of the extensively utilised biological signals for predicting human motor intention, which is an essential element in human-robot collaboration platforms. Studies on motion intention prediction from EMG signals have often been concentrated on either classification and regression models of muscle activity. In this study, we leverage the information from the EMG signals, to detect the subject’s intentions in generating motion commands for a robot-assisted upper limb rehabilitation platform. The EMG signals are recorded from ten healthy subjects’ biceps muscle, and the movements of the upper limb evaluated are voluntary elbow flexion and extension along the sagittal plane. The signals are filtered through a fifth-order Butterworth filter. A number of features were extracted from the filtered signals namely waveform length (WL), mean absolute value (MAV), root mean square (RMS), standard deviation (SD), minimum (MIN) and maximum (MAX). Several different classifiers viz. Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), Logistic Regression (LR), Decision Tree (DT), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and k-Nearest Neighbour (k-NN) were investigated on its efficacy to accurately classify the pre-intention and intention classes based on the significant features identified (MIN and MAX) via Extremely Randomised Tree feature selection technique. It was observed from the present investigation that the DT classifier yielded an excellent classification with a classification accuracy of 100%, 99% and 99% on training, testing and validation dataset, respectively based on the identified features. The findings of the present investigation are non-trivial towards facilitating the rehabilitation phase of patients based on their actual capability and hence, would eventually yield a more active participation from them.
Efficient video face recognition based on frame selection and quality assessment
Authors: Kharchevnikova Angelina , Savchenko Andrey V.
Published: February 2021

The article is considering the problem of increasing the performance and accuracy of video face identification. We examine the selection of the several best video frames using various techniques for assessing the quality of images. In contrast to traditional methods with estimation of image brightness/contrast, we propose to utilize the deep learning techniques that estimate the frame quality by using the lightweight convolutional neural network. In order to increase the effectiveness of the frame quality assessment step, we propose to distill knowledge of the cumbersome existing FaceQNet model for which there is no publicly available training dataset. The selected K-best frames are used to describe an input set of frames with a single average descriptor suitable for the nearest neighbor classifier. The proposed algorithm is compared with the traditional face feature extraction for each frame, as well as with the known clustering methods for a set of video frames.
Sheath-tailed bats (Chiroptera: Emballonuridae) from the early Pleistocene Rackham’s Roost Site, Riversleigh World Heritage Area, and the distribution of northern Australian emballonurid species
Authors: King Tyler R. , Myers Troy J. , Armstrong Kyle N. , Archer Michael , Hand Suzanne J.
Published: February 2021

Sheath-tailed bats (Family Emballonuridae) from the early Pleistocene Rackham’s Roost Site cave deposit in the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, north-western Queensland are the oldest recorded occurrence for the family in Australia. The fossil remains consist of maxillary and dentary fragments, as well as isolated teeth, but until now their precise identity has not been assessed. Our study indicates that at least three taxa are represented, and these are distinguished from other Australian emballonurids based on morphometric analysis of craniodental features. Most of the Rackham’s Roost Site emballonurid remains are referrable to the modern speciesTaphozous georgianusThomas, 1915, but the extant speciesT. troughtoniTate, 1952 also appears to be present, as well as a very large, as-yet undetermined species ofSaccolaimusTemminck, 1838. We identify craniodental features that clearly distinguishT. georgianusfrom the externally very similarT. troughtoni. Results suggest that the distributions ofT. georgianusandT. troughtonimay have overlapped in north-western Queensland since at least the early Pleistocene.
Relationship between Cervical Sagittal Parameters and Health Related Quality of Life in Cervical Degenerative Disc Diseases
Authors: Bostan Ahmed A. , Emran Ali M. , El-Tantawy Ahmed E. , Saeid Mohammed S.
Published: February 2021

Introduction: The evaluation of the differences in radiological cervical sagittal parameters between symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals with radiologically- confirmed (CDDD) is fundamental for understanding the normal variation in sagittal plane parameter between individuals, to determine the age-related changes, to know the predictive sagittal parameters for unfavorable clinical symptoms and to determine the factors that participate in economic sagittal balance (compensation) in asymptomatic subjects. This will provide radiographic guidelines for the assessment and management of cervical spine patients.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the relation between the radiological cervical sagittal parameter changes with the presence and severity of symptoms as well as quality of life in CDDD individuals, and provided radiographic guidelines for the assessment and management of cervical spine patients.

Methodology: The first 100 subjects who have visited the Outpatient clinic of Orthopedic Department in Tanta University Hospitals with radiologically-confirmed CDDD with or without clinical symptoms were reviewed. The individuals were divided into 2 groups for analysis and comparison. Group1 included the first 50 patients with symptomatic CDDD. Group2 included another 50 individuals with asymptomatic CDDD in their radiographs who visited the outpatient clinic as a relative to other patients or complained from other transient musclo-skeletal symptoms not affecting their quality of life.

Results: In the Analysis of the relationships between the data of the 2 groups: There were no statistically significant differences between each of the age, sex, occupations, and BMI in comparison between the 2 groups. The T1S angle was the only significant parameter in correlation between 2 groups. In the Analysis of the relationships between the data in the symptomatic group: There was a statistically significant increase in each of the T1S, C2-C7 lordosis, C2-C7 SVA with increasing the age. T1S was significantly lower in farmers and manual workers than in housewives and office workers. There was a significantly inverse correlation between each of the CL, T1S, T1S-CL and VAS. There was a significantly positive correlation between each of the CL, T1S, T1S-CL and modified EQ-5D-3L score. In the Analysis of the relationships between the data in the asymptomatic group: There was a significant increase in each of the TIA, T1S and NT with increase age, with an insignificant increase CL and with a significant decrease in C2-C7 SVA. There were insignificantly inverse correlations with each of the CL, TIA and T1S.

Conclusions: There is no difference in the C2–C7 lordosis curvature between the symptomatic patients and the asymptomatic individuals. The T1S is significantly lower in the symptomatic patients than in the asymptomatic individuals. So, Low T1S is a risk for the occurrence and development of cervical disc degeneration.
Role of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Following-up Choroidal Neovascular Membranes during the Course of Aflibercept Therapy
Authors: Ziada Ahmad R. , Einen Mostafa Abd El Latif Abo El , Koumy Hamdy Abd El Azim El , Dessouky El Said Ibraheem El
Published: February 2021

Aims: To evaluate the mean area of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and the flow area within the CNV and determine their value in monitoring the effect of aflibercept therapy.

Study Design: prospective, interventional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Tanta University Hospital in the period between March 2017 and March 2019.

Methodology: OCT angiography images were obtained using the AngioVue (Optovue Inc., CA, USA). For quantitative analysis of the mean area of CNV and the flow area within the CNV, the CNV was manually delineated with the help of the manufacturer’s automated software, and the parameters of interest were automatically calculated and generated.

Results: The study included forty eyes of 40 patients, 14 females and 26 males, the mean age of patients was 69 ± 5 years. The mean baseline best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 51.29 ± 14.80 ETDRS letters, which significantly increased to 63.41 ± 5.03 at week 36; p-value < 0.05. The mean area of choroidal neovascularization decreased significantly from baseline (2.72 ± 4.29 mm2) to week 36 (1.53 ± 1.07 mm2); p-value < 0.05. The the flow area within the measured CNV decreased significantly from baseline (2.28 ± 2.08 mm2) to week 36 (0.91 ± 0.63 mm2); p-value < 0.05.

Conclusion: The mean area of CNV and the flow area within the measured CNV are valuable biomarkers for following up CNV during treatment with aflibercept.
Stress among Physicians Working in a Medical University Hospital
Authors: Rizwan A. S. M. , Akhter Shahida
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Stress is an indispensable part of modern life. Although unavoidable, persistent stress can have a negative physical and psychological impact on anyone. Medical professionals are historically high stress professional cohort. The current study aimed to elucidate the stress among a divergent group of physicians at a tertiary teaching institute.

Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was done among 150 participants who were enrolled by non-randomized sampling. General Health Questionnaire was used to gather data that were analyzed using SPSS 20.

Results: Our study revealed that, staggering 48% of participants were distressed. Male doctors were more distressed than their counterparts. Graduate doctors had a higher score in comparison to the post-grad Doctors. Age was not a significant factor determining stress.

Conclusions: While treating others for their ailments, doctors tend to ignore their own health. Mental stress has a huge impact both on the Doctor suffering from it and the pool of patients served by him/her. This should attain more attention to prevent physician burnout.
Recent Advances in Design of Functional Biocompatible Hydrogels for Bone Tissue Engineering
Authors: Xue Xu , Hu Yan , Deng Yonghui , Su Jiacan
Published: February 2021

Bone related diseases have caused serious threats to human health owing to their complexity and specificity. Fortunately, owing to the unique 3D network structure with high aqueous content and functional properties, emerging hydrogels are regarded as one of the most promising candidates for bone tissue engineering, such as repairing cartilage injury, skull defect, and arthritis. Herein, various design strategies and synthesis methods (e.g., 3D‐printing technology and nanoparticle composite strategy) are introduced to prepare implanted hydrogel scaffolds with tunable mechanical strength, favorable biocompatibility, and excellent bioactivity for applying in bone regeneration. Injectable hydrogels based on biocompatible materials (e.g., collagen, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, polyethylene glycol, etc.) possess many advantages in minimally invasive surgery, including adjustable physicochemical properties, filling irregular shapes of defect sites, and on‐demand release drugs or growth factors in response to different stimuli (e.g., pH, temperature, redox, enzyme, light, magnetic, etc.). In addition, drug delivery systems based on micro/nanogels are discussed, and its numerous promising designs used in the application of bone diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, cartilage defect) are also briefed in this review. Particularly, several key factors of hydrogel scaffolds (e.g., mechanical property, pore size, and release behavior of active factors) that can induce bone tissue regeneration are also summarized in this review. It is anticipated that advanced approaches and innovative ideas of bioactive hydrogels will be exploited in the clinical field and increase the life quality of patients with the bone injury.