bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of tizanidine premedication on the duration of perioperative maintenance dose of vecuronium bromide
Authors: Oflezer Ceyhan
Published: March 2022

Aim. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of preoperative administration of tizanidine on the maintenance dose duration of the nondepolarizing muscle relaxant, i.e. vecuronium bromide.Material and Methods. This prospective clinical study was conducted in 30 adult male patients scheduled for elective inguinal hernia surgery. Patients were categorised into two randomised groups based on the premedication use. Group 1 included patients (n = 15) who received oral diazepam (Diazem) in the evening prior to the surgery, as well as meperidine (Dolantin) 1 mg/kg-1 (max. 50 mg) i.m. with 50 ml water by mouth 1 hour before the procedure. Group 2 comprised patients (n = 15) who were given oral tizanidine 4 mg in the evening before the surgery, as well as oral tizanidine 4 mg with 50 ml water 1 hour prior to the operation. The following parameters were recorded in both groups: pre-operative and perioperative diastolic arterial blood pressure, systolic arterial blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, pre-operative vecuronium bromide maintenance doses, procedure time and postoperative score according to the Ramsay scale in 1st, 2nd and 3rd hour.Results. No significant difference was observed between the two groups with regard to the pre-operative and perioperative haemodynamic variables and the respiratory rate (P > 0.05), although it was found that vecuronium maintenance dose duration was significantly higher in the tizanidine premedicated group (P = 0.015). In addition, the operative time (P = 0.128) and the postoperative patients’ Ramsay scores did not differ statistically between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions. The prolonged duration of vecuronium maintenance dose, the increased nondepolarizing block time, as well as haemodynamic stability preservation in patients undergoing inguinal hernia surgery following preoperative oral administration of tizanidine support the view that tizanidine can be used as an effective and safe myotonolytic premedication agent.
Optimum polarization configuration of planar circular patch MIMO antenna
Authors: Astuti Rina Pudji , Wijaya Eva Lucky , Yunita Trasma , Ryanu Harfan Hian
Published: March 2022

Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) is a key technology that plays an important role in achieving the 5G requirement due to its capability to increase channel capacity. However, the increase of channel capacity is influenced by several aspects such as mutual coupling. Many methods are done to decrease the mutual coupling effect such as polarization arrangement of the MIMO antennas. This study on the polarization arrangement of a circular patch MIMO antenna at 3.5 GHz was performed. Four elements of the MIMO antenna are arranged with several polarization configurations both in Co-Polarization and Cross-Polarization. Both simulation and measurement results showed that MIMO with Co-Polarization has a slightly wider bandwidth equal to 295.25 MHz compared to Cross-Polarization with a bandwidth of 274.63 MHz, due to better return loss performed by the former. However, from the mutual coupling perspective, it is observed that MIMO with Cross-Polarization can reduce the mutual coupling from -17.6676dB into -22.462 dB compared to Co-Polarization with the same element distance.
In Search of Sustainable Alternatives: A Comparative Study of Gobindabhog and HYV Rice Cultivation in West Bengal: A Case Study of the State’s Rice Bowl
Authors: Chatterjee Sabyasachi , Samanta Samir Kumar
Published: March 2022

Rice plays a vital role in the socio-economic aspects of Purba Bardhaman district, West Bengal - the 'Rice Bowl’ of the State. The glorious past of this district is associated with several indigenous rice varieties and also the direct relation with the livelihood and social status of the farmers. However, after the Green Revolution in the 1960s, High Yielding Varieties (HYV) flourished rapidly at the cost of indigenous rice varieties. Later on, such aggression resulted in less return gradually and the need for another alteration is expected in the advent of the second Green Revolution for better prospects and profitable farming practices. This study tries to analyse the socio-economic viability and associated risk hazards of both Gobindabhog indigenous and HYV’s rice cultivation. In doing so, the study attempts to search for the alternative one in the contemporary crisis of agriculture taking into account the farmers' socio-economic issues of the study area. Respondents' interviews with a cross-sectional; multi-layered; semi-structured questionnaire and secondary data were used with both thematic narratives and quantitative techniques using IBM SPSS version 20.0 software to reflect the comparison with ground truth. It might be suggested that the cultivation and spreading of indigenous varieties accompanied with HYV’s would be a future solution for both farmers and environmental concerns.
Rapid Optical Clearing for High-Throughput Analysis of Tumour Spheroids
Authors: Gunasingh Gency , Browning Alexander , Haass Nikolas
Published: March 2022

Tumour spheroids are fast becoming commonplace in basic cancer research and drug development. Obtaining high-quality data relating to the inner structure of spheroids is important for analysis, yet existing techniques often use equipment that is not commonly available, are expensive, laborious, cause significant size distortion, or are limited to relatively small spheroids. We present a high-throughput method of mounting, clearing, and imaging tumour spheroids that causes minimal size distortion. Spheroids are mounted in an agarose gel to prevent movement, cleared using a solution prepared from commonly available materials, and imaged using confocal microscopy. We find that our method yields high quality two- and three-dimensional images that provide information about the inner structure of spheroids.
Use of a Polypill to Reduce Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Primary and Secondary Prevention: Review and Use Guidelines
Authors: Esquirol Caussa Jordi , Herrero Vila Elisabeth , Sánchez Aldeguer Josep
Published: March 2022

INTRODUCTION: Primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention programs present less efficacy than desired due to the professionals’ lack of adherence when prescribing different drugs to the same patient, and due to patients’ lack of adherence in the medium and long term to medications prescribed. Polypills are considered as a possible solution to these problems. An evidence-based review about a cardiovascular prevention polypill efficacy and a guide for its use is presented.METHODS: Comprehensive bibliographical review of the evidence published on the polypill as a mechanism for facilitating medication adherence in primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention.RESULTS: A total of 31 published articles were included, showing the options of the polypill as a method of primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention. Polypill can increase the therapeutic adherence of patients in the medium and long term, also increasing therapeutic results compared to the administration of the same different drugs separately. Based on the evidence, a flow chart for the prescription of a polypill has been developed.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: The use of a polypill increases the effectiveness and adherence of patients to primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention programs, without increasing the cost of the intervention. The use of a polypill in cardiovascular prevention can be effective as a prescription tool.
Features of practical training of students (future social teachers) at universities
Authors: Gontar Zoriana , Say Liubov , Pochynkova Mariia , Parfyonova Oksana
Published: March 2022

The main purpose of the article is to study the features and prospects of practical training of students (future social teachers) at universities. At the present stage, pedagogical education in each country, while maintaining the acquired national experience, is being reformed and is gradually entering the world educational space. The training of specialists for the socio-pedagogical sphere at universities began relatively recently. In this regard, and the specifics of the process of formation and development of the profession, the practical training of social teachers is focused on the formation of the necessary professional skills, the formation of sustainable motivation for active professional activity. In the process of professional growth and development of the competence of a social pedagogue, socio-pedagogical practice is inferior in its significance, perhaps, only directly to the practical activity itself. This type of practical training, along with the theoretical aspects of training, provides the student-trainee not only with practical skills, but also with individual, long-term consultations - conversations with a mentor. As a result of the study, the main aspects of the practical training of students (future social teachers) at universities were identified.
Analisis Percepatan Waktu Terhadap Biaya Proyek Konstruksi Menggunakan Konsep Nilai Hasil Dengan Program Primavera 6.0 (Studi Kasus : Proyek Pelebaran Jalan, Banten).
Authors: Nuranto Ambar Suhartina , Hartono Widi , Rifai Muji
Published: March 2022

Perkembangan proyek konstruksi saat ini menjadi sangat besar dan kompleks. Pertumbuhan nilai konstruksi di Indonesia rata-rata pada tahun 2017-2019 sebesar 1% sedangkan pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia ditargetkan mencapai 6% dalam waktu 5 tahun. Karena itu, manajemen konstruksi yang baik sangat dibutuhkan untuk mempelajari, mengatur serta mempraktikkan seluruh kegiatan yang ada di sebuah proyek konstruksi. Pada penelitian ini digunakan metode nilai hasil dan juga ditunjang dengan Primavera 6.0. Metode ini menganalisis kinerja pelaksanaan dan membuat perkiraan penyelesaian proyek yang memberikan informasi tentang kinerja proyek dalam periode pelaporan dan perkiraan biaya produksi serta waktu untuk menyelesaikan semua pekerjaan proyek. Data yang diperlukan yaitu rencana anggaran biaya (RAB), kurva-S, dan laporan mingguan. Dari asil analisis data yang dilakukan pada proyek pelebaran jalan menunjukkan pengerjaan proyek yang awalnya direncanakan selesai selama 367 hari mundur menjadi 424 hari. Nilai kontrak awal proyek sebesar Rp. 76.970.691.038,18 dengan prakiraan biaya penyelesaian proyek Rp. 69.956.635.970 sehingga terdapat sisa anggaran Rp. 7.014.055.068. Karena terjadi keterlambatan maka dilakukan analisis untuk mengatasi keterlambatan. Dengan skenario percepatan jam kerja shift didapatkan hasil percepatan selama 35 hari, yang semula 203 hari menjadi 168 hari dengan penambahan biaya sebesar Rp. 172.982.672. Dengan skenario percepatan penambahan tenaga kerja didapatkan percepatan selama 35 hari, yang semula 203 hari menjadi 168 hari dengan penambahan biaya sebesar Rp. 95.553.848. Selanjutnya dengan skenario percepatan penambahan alat berat didapatkan hasil percepatan sebesar 68 hari, yang semula 203 hari menjadi 135 hari dengan penambahan biaya sebesar Rp. 1.690.580.160 
PERILAKU PELAT BETON DI ATAS TANAH EKSPANSIF MELALUI SIMULASI ANALISIS BEAMS ON ELASTIC FOUNDATION
Authors: Utomo Prasetyo Widhy , Setiawan Bambang , Purwana Yusep Muslih
Published: March 2022

Tanah yang berperan sebagai penopang konstruksi dapat menimbulkan sejumlah masalah apabila memiliki kembang susut yang besar. Perilaku pengembangan dan penyusutan (fluktuatif) tanah dapat mempengaruhi perilaku perkerasan beton yang ada di atasnya. Penelitian ini menganalisis perilaku perkerasan beton di atas tanah ekspansif sewaktu mengalami pengembangan dan penyusutan menggunakan metode BoEF (Beams on Elastic Foundation). Metode analisis diterapkan dalam simulasi model 2 Dimensi dengan modulus subgrade tanah ekspansif 30000kN/m2, dan swelling pressure 175 Kpa. Model simulasi pelat terdiri atas 12 variasi berdasarkan ketebalan pelat dan nilai pembebanan garis yang diterapkan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa lendutan terbesar terjadi pada pelat tebal 15 cm dengan perilaku lendutan setiap penambahan ketebalan pelat sebesar 10 cm pelat beton akan mengalami lendutan sebesar 10 %. Perilaku lendutan akibat penambahan beban setiap 100 kN untuk fase pengembangan maksimum pada ujung pelat ketebalan 15 cm, 25 cm, dan 35 cm masing-masing mengalami kenaikan sebesar 0.73 %; 1.41 %; dan 0.85 % sedangkan pada tengah pelat masing-masing akan berturut-turut turun sebesar 7.54 %; 5.44 %; dan 4.44 %.

Kata Kunci: Pelat Beton, BoEF, Lendutan, Tanah Ekspansif, Pengembangan, dan Penyusutan
ANALISIS OPTIMASI BIAYA DAN WAKTU PROYEK DENGAN METODE TIME COST TRADE OFF MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI PRIMAVERA P6 (Studi Kasus Proyek Gedung Teknik Universitas Jendral Soedirman)
Authors: Jati Adam Satrio , Setiono Setiono , Rifai Muji
Published: March 2022

Konstuksi di Indonesia memegang peran penting dalam memajukan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan Indonesia. Pada tahun ini pihak pemerintah maupun swasta sedang gencar melakukan pembangunan guna meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Tak terkecuali dari pihak instansi pendidikan, salah satunya yaitu Universitas Jenderal Soedirman yang memiliki proyek pembangunan gedung fakultas teknik. Pembangunan ini dimaksudkan untuk memudahkan kegiatan perkuliahan di universitas tersebut. Proyek gedung fakultas teknik unsoed memiliki potensi untuk dioptimalisasi sehingga pekerjaan lebih efisien dan cepat selesai. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah dengan metode Time Cost Trade Off yang merupakan metode untuk menganalisis percepatan proyek. Metode ini diaplikasikan dengan cara menguji semua kegiatan dalam proyek tersebut untuk berpusat pada kegiatan yang berada di jalur kritis. Tujuan penilitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui estimasi waktu dan biaya untuk penyelesaian proyek setelah dilakukan optimasi serta dapat dibandingkan dengan hasil penjadwalan eksisting. Data yang dibutuhkan seperti Rencana Anggaran Biaya (RAB) dan Time Schedule pelaksanaan didapatkan dari pihak proyek. Dari data sudah dikumpulkan kemudian diinput kendalam program Primavera P6 untuk dianalasis.
Verification of Damage Caused by the Genroku Earthquake and Tsunami from Tomb Stones
Authors: Kaneko Hiroyuki ,   Itoh City Cultural Property Management Center 3-11 Takenodai, Itoh, Shizuoka 414-0026, Japan
Published: March 2022

The Genroku earthquake and tsunami were the largest disaster in Japan during the Edo period. The earthquake occurred late at night on November 23, 1703, and widespread house collapses and fires in cities in Kanto region, including Edo (the old name of Tokyo) and Odawara. Following this, a huge tsunami hit the Pacific coast, which killed tens of thousands of people who lived there. This paper discusses a part of the actual situation of the tsunami disaster based on the tomb erected for the victims, as well as of the Buddhist memorial services held, such as kaimyo (posthumous Buddhist names), written on the tomb stones, ihai (Buddhist spirit tables), and kuyo-tou (memorial pagodas).
La 4T y el financiamiento a las universidades
Authors: Silva César
Published: March 2022

En el texto se plantea un primer acercamiento a la política de financiamiento del gobierno de Andrés Manuel López Obrador (AMLO) a la educación superior (ES) con base en el presupuesto de 2018 que conserva los rasgos de la senda neoliberal de hacer más con menos.
Artífices de la contrasecularización: las mexicanas católicas, 1920-1930
Authors: Noyola Luis Fernando
Published: March 2022

Desde las prácticas conscientes dictadas por los roles de género, mujeres católicas mexicanas de la Ciudad de México, se posicionaron como cultural contra el proyecto anticlerical del nacionalismo revolucionario por Plutarco Elías Calles.
Building information modelling and digital fabrication for the valorization of archival heritage
Authors: Bertola Giulia
Published: March 2022

Archives of the 20th century are today the focus of many scholars in the disciplines of conservation, valorization and communication. The enhancement of archival heritage could benefit from the methodologies, techniques and tools offered by the current digital revolution. This is the case of the work shown in this proposal. A parametric modelling experience was developed for the project of "Due case a Capri" by architect Aldo Morbelli (1942) starting from archival documentation and from a previous graphic, manual and critical reading of the project. The aim of this research is to build a methodology able to reproduce 3D objects through building information modelling technology, integrating geometry with semantic information up to the realization of a scale models, through the application of different prototyping techniques.
Multipath routing protocol based on backward routing with optimal fuzzy logic in medical telemetry systems for physiological data measurements
Authors: Kranthi Suryadevara , Deshpande Pallavi , Pasha Khan Shadab , Srinivas Amedapu
Published: March 2022

Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) performance is critically affected by the mobility and resource constraints of nodes. Node mobility will impact on connecting stability, and node resource limitations will result in congestion, so the development of a routing protocol that promotes quality of service (QoS) in MANET is quite difficult. In particular, frequent interrupting connection may degrade QoS performance in the high-speed node drive scenario, so it is required to build the MANET protocol routing which can be adapted for changes in the networking architecture to support QoS. Moreover, MANET's multipath routing is the most necessary for secure transmission that can be achieved if self-centered nodes in the MANET network are ignored. Secure routing guarantees the reliability of data, confidentiality, authorization and authentication and non-denial. A novel safe multi-way method for dependable data transfer, which depends on the quality of service, is offered in this study. The Ad Hoc on Demand Backward Routing protocol with Optimal Fuzzy Logic (OFL) is also designed to provide multi-path routing. The hybridization of the bat optimization approach provides the optimum route by generating rules in OFL, and hence chooses an optimal rule. The efficiency of the planned technique is evaluated for factors such as final delay, the packet delivery ratio and so on. When the node is 150, the proposed hybrid bat algorithm achieved 0.61 of average packet latency, where the existing technique Particle Swarm Optimization achieved nearly 1.2 to 1.3 packet latency. In this communication network, measurement of packet delivery ratio is an important task for establishing the communication network. The results show that our suggested work has more energy efficiency and network lifetime than existing ones.
Patellar Tendinopathy: Critical Analysis Review of Current Nonoperative Treatments
Authors: Marigi Erick M. , Buckley Patrick , Razi Farzad , Abbas Muhammad J. , Jildeh Toufic R. , Camp Christopher L. , Krych Aaron J. , Okoroha Kelechi R.
Published: March 2022

» Patellar tendinopathy is an attritional injury of the patellar tendon that is frequently identified in jumping athletes. Through repetitive or explosive movements, considerable loads and high peak strains are generated across the patellar tendon.

» This leads to microinjury of tendon fibers, local mucoid degeneration, and loss of the fibrocartilaginous tissue that attaches tendon to bone.

» Management of patellar tendinopathy often begins with nonoperative modalities: progressive tendon loading and eccentric rehabilitative exercise programs are the most effective. While a variety of additional treatment modalities are available, the comparative efficacy of these supportive treatments is not well differentiated at this time.

» In this article, we analyze the existing literature regarding nonoperative treatment of patellar tendinopathy and provide additional insight on the effectiveness of current modalities.
The Effect of Age Of Cassava Tapai (Manihot esculenta) and Concentration on The Characteristics of Cassava Tapai Flour
Authors: Selviani Selviani , Azara Rima
Published: March 2022

The objective of this research was to find out the effects of age tapai and yeast concentration on characteristic of cassava tapai flour. This research was used Randomized Block Design (RAK) with two factors. The first factor was tapai that consist of three levels: 1 day, 2 days, 3 days and second factor was concentration of yeast 1%, 2%, and 3%. The result showed there was no interaction between tapai with concentration of yeast to all observated parameters, but had effect to colour hedonic. Tapai and concentration of yeast was effect on moisture, ash, density, and colour hedonic were affected positive. The best treatment was cassava tapai flour that was made using tapai 1 day and concentration of yeast 1% had moistured 6.53%; ash 2.45%; lightness 81.21; redness 6.72; yellowness 26.86; colour organoleptic 5.03; aroma 4.73; sugar reduction 0.85 mg/100ml; density 0,60 g/ml; and yield 20.12%
The Effect of Blanching Time and Sodium Metabisulfite Concentration on The Characteristics of Banana Flour (Musa paradisiaca)
Authors: Rahayu Marina Arta , Hudi Lukman
Published: March 2022

The aim of this research was to determine effect of blanching time and sodium metabisulfit concentration on the characteristics banana flour. This research was conducted in Product Development Laboratory of University Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo from February to April 2019 used randomized block design. The first treatment was blanching time L1 (0 minute), L2 (5 minutes), L3 (10 minutes) and second treatment was sodium metabisulfit concentration B1 (0 ppm), B2 (300 ppm), B3 (600 ppm). The data obtained were then analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and further test least significant diference 5%. The result indicated that there was no interaction between the blanching time and concentration of sodium metabisulfit. Organoleptic test showed  significant differences in the color and texture of banana flour. The concentration of sodium metabisulfit affected the lightness and yellowness value of banana flour. The best treatment was blancing time 5 minutes and sodium metabisulfit concentration 600 ppm (L2B3) showed that moisture of 8,46%, ash content of 2,54%, yield of 34,83%, density of 0,67 g/ml, lightness 88,94, redness 2,85, yellowness 8,91, reduced sugar of 0,28 mg/ml and organoleptic test of texture 4,95, color 4,00, and aroma 3,95.
Effect of Old Roasting and Long Immersion on the Quality of Brown Rice Flour (Oryza nivara)
Authors: Amaranggana Ujwalita Kumara , Machfudz Al , Saidi Ida Agustini , Budiandari Rahmah Utami
Published: March 2022

This study aims to find out the influence of long immersion and long roasting on the quality of brown rice flour. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Product Development and Food Analysis of the Food Technology Program of the Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo from September to November 2021 using a random design of factorial groups. The first factor is the length of immersion consisting of three levels, namely 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, while the second factor is the roasting length of 20 minutes and 30 minutes. Statistical analysis using ANOVA and further tests using BNJ test 5%. Then for organoleptic tests analyzed using the Friedman test. The results showed there was an interaction between the length of immersion and the length of roasting of water content, coarse fiber content, and fat content but did not affect ash content.  The best treatment is brown rice flour with a long treatment of 1 hour immersion and a 40-minute roasting length (T1S3) which shows ash levels of 1.32%, water content of 10.36%, fiber content of 20.52%, fat content of 1.65%, organoleptic test aroma 2.88 (somewhat typical of brown rice), organoleptic test color 2.10 (bright red), organoleptic test texture 3.50 (smooth).
Continued investigation of thermal and lidar surveys of building infrastructure : Crary Lab and wet utility corridor, McMurdo Station, Antarctica
Authors: LeWinter Adam , Deeb Elias , Filiano Dominic , Finnegan David
Published: March 2022

We conducted a combined lidar and thermal infrared survey from both ground-based and Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) platforms at McMurdo Station, Antarctica, in February 2020 to assess the building thermal envelope and infrastructure of the Crary Lab and the wet utility corridor (utilidor). These high-accuracy, coregistered data produced a 3-D model with assigned temperature values for measured surfaces, useful in identifying thermal anomalies and areas for potential improvements and for assessing building and utilidor infrastructure by locating and quantifying areas settlement and structural anomalies. The ground-based survey of the Crary Lab was similar to previous work performed by the team at both Palmer (2015) and South Pole (2017) Stations. The UAS platform focused on approximately 10,500 linear-feet of utilidor throughout McMurdo Station. The datasets of the two survey areas overlapped, allowing us to combine them into a single, georeferenced 3-D model of McMurdo Station. Coincident exterior temperature and atmospheric measurements and Global Navigation Satellite System real-time kinematic surveys provided further insights. Finally, we assessed the thermal envelope of the Crary Lab and the structural features of the utilidor. The resulting dataset is available for analysis and quantification.
The Moonlight Man - A Feminist Reading
Authors: Bates Jennifer
Published: March 2022

See article
Searching for an Aussie Tom Sawyer: The Classic Boy
Authors: Ross Anthony
Published: March 2022

See article
Ahead of her Time: Sylvia Chew and Little Chiu
Authors: Bradford Clare
Published: March 2022

See article
Shirley, the Bathwater, and Definitions of Children's Literature
Authors: Rudd David
Published: March 2022

See article
Rock Physics Model Provides Insight Into Reservoir Characterization
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: March 2022

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper OTC 30359, “Reservoir Characterization Supported by Rock Physics Diagnostics,” by Stephan Gelinsky, Shell. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2021 Offshore Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission.

Rock physics models are often perceived as too complicated and dependent on too many difficult-to-measure parameters to be of practical use for reservoir characterization. In the complete paper, the author demonstrates how careful calibration of a common and simple rock physics model can provide valuable insights into the reservoir and seal elastic properties such as function of porosity, fluid, and mineral properties and net-to-gross. The model can be used for quantitative seismic interpretation of reservoirs with variable net-to-gross and porosity away from well control.

Methodology

Rock physics describes the application of fundamental physical principles to establish the elastic properties of porous rocks as a function of their mineral composition, pore fill, and microstructure and texture. Once a suitable rock physics model is calibrated locally, the use of seismic data to estimate reservoir rock and fluid properties from the elastic rock properties is possible—specifically, from the observed seismic amplitudes and if seismic data were inverted from the seismically derived acoustic and shear impedances. The Hashin-Shtrikman (HS) effective medium bounds can be used to characterize both sandstones and shales. While the application of this model for clean sandstones is straightforward and, thus, is not included in this synopsis, the application for shales is more complex.
Data-Analysis Approach Aids Reservoir-Quality Prediction of Microporous Carbonates
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: March 2022

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper IPTC 19972, “Improving Reservoir-Quality Prediction of Microporous Carbonates Using a Multiscale Geophysical Data-Analysis Approach,” by Ahmad Ramdani, SPE, Viswasanthi Chandra, and Thomas Finkbeiner, SPE, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2021 International Petroleum Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission.

Understanding the effect of microporosity on reservoir quality and predicting the spatial distribution of microporosity at the reservoir scale accurately is required to improve the recovery of remaining hydrocarbons from reservoirs. Using an integrated data-analysis approach applied to multiscale geological and geophysical data sets from micrometer-scale scanning-electron-microscope (SEM) imagery to decameter-scale seismic data, the authors predict the distribution of microporosity at the reservoir gridblock scale. The proposed methodology is applied in the complete paper to the Arab-D reservoir equivalent outcrop data from the Upper Jubaila formation in Saudi Arabia.

Methodology

This methodology is tested at an 800-m-long roadcut along the Riyadh-Mecca Highway in Saudi Arabia, stratigraphically equivalent to the Upper Jubaila Formation in the subsurface (Fig. 1). A 35-m-long core was drilled from the top of the same roadcut (dubbed the DQ-1 well), from which 106 cylindrical horizontal core plugs were obtained, drilled with an average spacing of 30 cm. This outcrop location was chosen because the pore volume in this interval is characterized by porosity with pore-diameter distribution of less than 10 µm. This outcrop provides an excellent analog to study microporosity-dominated carbonate rocks irrespective of their diagenetic origin. Moreover, the Upper Jubaila formation is a part of the Arab-D reservoir in the subsurface, which has been acclaimed as the most prolific oil reservoir in the world. Because this study used outcropped rocks, the authors acknowledge that differences in petrophysical properties with the subsurface rock formations will exist. Therefore, the study is not intended as a one-to-one analog for the Arab-D reservoir. Instead, the aim is to establish a general methodology that links micrometer-scale morphology of microcrystals that hosts microporosity with macroscale petrophysical properties and seismic attributes.

Details of the methodology of seismic data acquisition and petrographic and petrophysical analysis are provided in the complete paper.
Mapping and determinants of inadequate minimum dietary diversity among young children in SSA
Authors: Hailu Bayuh , Endawkie Abel , Baye Kaleab , Setargie Kindiye
Published: March 2022

Geographical varation and determinant of inadequate Minimum Dietary Diversity(MDD) among young children in SSA with some consequence is becoming increasingly important for geographical targeting and policy prioritization. This study is to investigate geographic variation, factors, and consequences of inadequate MDD. Data for each nation were extrapolated from recent measures of DHS. The study consist of 57,291 children. Mapping identification and mixed effect model were applied for determining inadequate MDD. The prevalence of inadequate MDD was 79·9%. Most part of Western, Eastern and Central SSA children were more suffered. Children were suffering from anaemia, wasting, and stunting as a result of inadequate MDD. Children whose aged 6—11 months, from not media-exposed mothers, and from living a long distance of health facility were more likely to suffer inadequate MDD compared to their counterparts. The most important predictors were connected to maternal characteristics. Working with mothers is a simple way to achieve tremendous change. When adequate MDD is improved, the number of children who suffer from anemia, stunting, and wasting decreases.
Crowdsourced benchmarking of taxonomic metagenome profilers: Lessons learned from the sbv IMPROVER Microbiomics Challenge
Authors: Poussin Carine , Khachatryan Lusine , Sierro Nicolas , Narsapuram Vijay Kumar , Meyer Fernando , Kaikala Vinay , Chawla Vandna , Muppirala Usha , Kumar Sunil , Belcastro Vincenzo , Battey James ND , Scotti Elena , Boué Stéphanie , McHardy Alice C , Peitsch Manuel C , Ivanov Nikolai V , Hoeng Julia
Published: March 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Research on link interruption prediction based on blockchain in Ad Hoc network
Authors: Yan Shuailing , LIU JIEJING , SUN CHAOYUN
Published: March 2022

In order to overcome the problems of path damage caused by node movement or other reasons in Ad Hoc network, a path break prediction analysis model is proposed based on blockchain technology. In this model, firstly, the impact factors that caused interruptions are defined, and the concept of shadow nodes is proposed. The scheme of equivalent nodes competing for shadow nodes is used to replace the nodes that may be broken to form a blockchain. Therefore, before the path is broken due to the destruction of the node or other reasons, the previous node of the broken node can be quickly queried, and the backup node can be replaced to quickly set new path. The simulation results show that the model greatly increases the robustness of routing, especially in solving the routing security problems caused by single node of path.
Influence of Clinical Factors on The Protective or Deleterious Impact of Genetic Variants in Orthodontically Induced External Root Resorption: An Observational Study
Authors: Silva Henriqueta , Lavado Nuno , Canova Filomena , Lopez Miguel , Regateiro Fernando , Pereira Sónia A
Published: March 2022

Background: Prediction of susceptibility to Orthodontically Induced External Apical Root Resorption (OIEARR) has been hampered by the complex architecture of this multifactorial phenotype. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of the interaction of multiple variables in the susceptibility to OIEARR.Methods: The study evaluated 195 patients requiring orthodontic treatment. Nine clinical and treatment variables, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from five genes and variables interactions were analyzed as risk factors for OIEARR using a multiple linear regression model.Results: The model explained 29% of OIEARR variability (ANOVA: p < 0.01). Duration of treatment was the most important predictor and gender was the second, closely followed by premolar extraction. For genes encoding osteoprotegerin (OPG), the receptor activator of nuclear factor κ B (RANK) and the IL1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN), the effect of analyzed variants changed from protective to deleterious depending on the duration of treatment and the age of the patient.Conclusions: This work shows that in OIEARR the impact of genetic susceptibility factors is dynamic changing according to clinical variables.
Socioeconomic development and tele-consumption contribute to the changes in pesticide use in China
Authors: Wang Xiangrong , Wang Ling , Wang Zhen , Li Cai , Cui Huwei , Jiang Xuan , Yu Shuxia , Shi Zhi-Hua
Published: March 2022

The massive use of pesticides has caused environmental problems, and it is urgent to reduce the use of pesticides. Pesticide use is closely related to social and economic activities, but few studies have quantified the contribution of socioeconomic factors to changes in pesticide use. Hence, based on the multiregional input–output (MRIO) model and structural decomposition analysis (SDA), this study quantified the contribution of pesticide use intensity, production structure, local consumption and distant consumption to changes in pesticide use in China from 2012 to 2017 and further analysed the effect of distant consumption on local pesticide use at the provincial and sectoral levels. The results showed that the total use of pesticides showed a downward trend during 2012-2017. Specifically, the intensity of pesticide use was an important factor for the decrease in pesticide use, resulting in a decrease of 4.9´105 tons of pesticide use. Nevertheless, local and distant consumption were the primary factors for the increase in pesticide use, resulting in increases of 4.37×105 and 1.21×105 tons, respectively. More importantly, provinces with high added value of primary industry bear the risk of pesticide pollution in provinces with high per capita GDP due to distant consumption. Moreover, the agriculture and food sectors are the most important sectors affected by distant consumption. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify provincial and sectoral responsibilities for pesticide use due to distant consumption and to encourage cross-regional technical support and sectoral cooperation for pesticide reduction.
Serum vitamin D levels and acute kidney injury: A systemic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Huanran , Jiang Yan , Shi Nan , Lu Yuan Qiang
Published: March 2022

Background: Numerous researches have evaluated the prevalence and clinical outcome of vitamin D deficiency in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). But the quantitative vitamin D status in acute kidney injury (AKI) patients and its relationship with prognosis remains controversial. We conducted this systemic review and meta-analysis to assess the quantitative difference of vitamin D status, including serum 25(OH) D and 1,25(OH)2D levels，between AKI patients and non-AKI controls, and further explore whether vitamin D status can be clearly correlated with the mortality of AKI. Methods: Major databases, including PubMed, Web of Science and EBSCO, were searched until 1st September 2021. All published observational studies related to vitamin D and AKI According to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria were extracted. Meta-analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.3.5. Results: Four studies including five cohorts were included with a total of 413 patients. The serum 25(OH)D levels showed no statistically significant difference in AKI patients and non-AKI controls. On the other hand, the serum 1,25(OH)2D levels were significant lower in AKI patients than in non-AKI controls (MD=-17.79, 95% CI =-32.73 to -2.85, P = 0.02). As for the relationship between serum vitamin D status and AKI patients’ mortality, we were unable to give a consistent conclusion based on current limited and conflict study results. Conclusion: Our meta-analysis suggested that serum 1,25(OH)2D levels, rather than 25(OH)D, is significantly lower in AKI patients. The relationship between vitamin D status and clinical outcome of AKI remains controversial based on current evidence. Future comprehensive studies are required to confirm these relations and to elucidate potential mechanisms.
Cardiomyocyte precursors generated by direct reprogramming and molecular beacon selection attenuate ventricular remodeling after experimental myocardial infarction
Authors: Bachamanda-Somesh Dipthi , Klose Kristin , Maring Janita A. , Kunkel Désirée , Jürchott Karsten , Protze Stephanie I. , Becker Matthias , Krüger Ulrike , Nazari-Shafti Timo Z. , Falk Volkmar , Kurtz Andreas , Gossen Manfred , Stamm Christof
Published: March 2022

Background
Direct cardiac reprogramming is currently being investigated for the generation of cells with a true cardiomyocyte (CM) phenotype. Based on the original approach of cardiac transcription factor-induced reprogramming of fibroblasts into CM-like cells, various modifications of that strategy have been developed. However, they uniformly suffer from poor reprogramming efficacy and a lack of translational tools for target cell expansion and purification. Therefore, our group has developed a unique approach to generate proliferative cells with a pre-CM phenotype that can be expanded in vitro to yield substantial cell doses.
Methods
Cardiac fibroblasts were reprogrammed toward CM fate using lentiviral transduction of cardiac transcriptions factors (GATA4, MEF2C, TBX5, and MYOCD). The resulting cellular phenotype was analyzed by RNA sequencing and immunocytology. Live target cells were purified based on intracellular CM marker expression using molecular beacon technology and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. CM commitment was assessed using 5-azacytidine–based differentiation assays and the therapeutic effect was evaluated in a mouse model of acute myocardial infarction using echocardiography and histology.
Results
We found that proliferative CM precursor-like cells were part of the phenotype spectrum arising during direct reprogramming of fibroblasts toward CMs. These induced CM precursors (iCMPs) expressed CPC- and CM-specific proteins and were selectable via hairpin-shaped oligonucleotide hybridization probes targeting Myh6/7-mRNA–expressing cells. After purification, iCMPs were capable of extensive expansion, with preserved phenotype when under ascorbic acid supplementation, and gave rise to CM-like cells with organized sarcomeres in differentiation assays. When transplanted into infarcted mouse hearts, iCMPs prevented CM loss, attenuated fibrotic scarring, and preserved ventricular function.
Conclusions
Given the clinical failure of conventional cardiac cell therapy using adult stem cells, further translational development of this iCMP approach is warranted.
Graphical abstract
Attitudes to fossil fuel subsidy removal: A cross-country analysis on four continents
Authors: Harring Niklas , Jagers Sverker , Jönsson Erik , Matti Simon , Mundaca Gabriela
Published: March 2022

The world annually spends $423 billion on subsidizing fossil fuels. Removing fossil fuel subsidies is crucial not only for reducing CO2 emissions and making carbon pricing policies more effective, but also for making more valuable use of government funds. Currently, however, scientific evidence on the scale and scope of public attitudes to fossil fuel subsidy removal policies is lacking, although it is crucial for gauging political feasibility. Furthermore, previous studies focus on carbon pricing in the developed world. Our novel contributions to the literature are, first, a comparative analysis of attitudes to both carbon taxation and fossil-fuel subsidy removal, and second, a focus on five developing countries across four continents. It is found that a) removing fossil fuel subsidies is not more undesirable than introducing carbon taxation and b) the public has more positive attitudes to subsidy removal if optimal use of the surplus fiscal revenues is specified.
The Role of Special Intrauterine Balloon and Intrauterine Contraceptive Device after TCRA in the Treatment of Intrauterine Adhesions
Authors: Zhuang Lin-Lin , Wang Kai , Shen Hai-Lan , Lin Jia-Hui , Lu Ye , Luo Zhen-Yu , Wang Wen-Rong
Published: March 2022

Background
It is of vital importance to focus on the prevention of intrauterine adhesion(IUA) relapse. Up to now, which method has a higher efficacy is still a matter of controversy. We tried to find a better method.
Methods
In this retrospective cohort study, all of the 69 included IUA patients experienced transcervical resection of adhesion(TCRA), and after surgery, 31 patients were placed special intrauterine balloon(IUB) and 38 patients were placed intrauterine contraception device(IUD). All IUA patients had undergone post-operative hormone sequential therapy with estrogen-progesterone and adequate course of antibiotics therapy. Fisher’s exact test, logistic regression method, Kaplan–Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression model were used for statistical analysis.
Results
The readhesion rate significantly varied from patients in IUB group and IUD group, in 15.39% and 54.06% respectively(P = 0.002). For recurrent moderate IUA patients, the severity of patients in IUB group had been significantly reduced than IUD group(P = 0.035). For severe IUA patients, cold knife management had a greater advantage than electric instrument(P = 0.011). There was a significant difference in the intrauterine pregnancy rate of IUA patients in IUB group and IUD group after treatment, in 55.56% and 14.29%, respectively(P = 0.015).
Conclusions
Patients in this special IUB group had better outcomes than IUD. For preventing readhesion and improving conception rate, the use of cold knife during procedure, placing IUB, estrogen therapy and adequate course of antibiotics therapy after TCRA all have positive influence.
Ziyuglycoside I attenuates collagen-induced arthritis through restoring the balance of Th17/Treg cells
Authors: Wang Manman , Sun Hanfei , Su Tiantian , Guo Paipai , Tai Yu , Zhu Zhenduo , Cheng Huijuan , Jiang Chunru , Wei Wei , Wang Qingtong
Published: March 2022

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effect and primary pharmacological mechanism of Ziyuglycoside I (Ziyu I) on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice. Methods: CIA mice were treated by 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg of Ziyu I or 2 mg/kg of methotrexate (MTX), and clinical manifestations as well as pathological changes were observed. T cell subsets were determined by flow cytometry. T cell viability was measured by CCK-8. The expressions of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and IL-17 in serum were detected by Elisa. The mRNA expressions of RORγt and Foxp3 in mice spleen lymphocytes were detected by RT-qPCR. Molecular docking was used to detect whether there was a molecular interaction between Ziyu I and Akt. The activation of mTOR in T cells was verified by Western blotting or immunofluorescence. Results: Ziyu I treatment group could effectively alleviate the arthritis symptoms of CIA mice, including body weight, global score, arthritis index, number of swollen joints, etc. The pathological changes of joints and spleen in arthritic mice were improved effectively. The thymic index, T cell activity and RORγt production of Ziyu I treatment group were significantly reduced. Notably, through molecular docking, western blotting, and immunofluorescence analysis data, we found that Ziyu I could interact directly with Akt to reduce downstream mTOR activation and inhibit Th17 differentiation, thereby regulating Th17/Treg balance and improving arthritis symptoms. Conclusion: Our data showed that Ziyu I effectively improved arthritic symptoms of CIA in mice by inhibiting mTOR activation, thereby affecting Th17 differentiation and regulating Th17/Treg balance.
Study on optimization of experimental conditions of microbial desulfurization in coal mine by response surface methodology 1
Authors: Chun-ming Ai , Dan Zhao , Ping-ping Sun , Da-peng Wang , Xiao-zhi Mu
Published: March 2022

To reduce the risk of spontaneous combustion during coal storage and transportation, microbial desulfurization technology is used to reduce the content of inorganic sulfur in coal. A strain of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans was purified from coal mine water in Datong, Shanxi Province, and its desulfurization test conditions were optimized. Taking the removal rate of inorganic sulfur in coal as the response value, the main factors affecting the removal rate of inorganic sulfur were screened out by Plackett-Burman design method. Then, the steepest climbing test was carried out to obtain the test center point, the continuous variable surface model was established by response surface method, and the interaction of various influence factors was determined. The results show that the order of the three main factors influencing the removal rate of inorganic sulfur is temperature > coal particle size > desulfurization time, and the interaction between temperature and coal particle size has the greatest influence on the response value. The optimized desulfurization conditions are as follows: the temperature is 29.50 ℃, the coal particle size is 100 mesh, and the desulfurization time is 11.67 days. The removal rate of inorganic sulfur is 79.78%, which is close to the predicted value and the regression effect is good.