bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Student perceptions: How virtual student-led talking circles promote engagement, social connectedness, and academic benefit
Authors: Chacon Marco , Levine Rebecca S. , Bintliff Amy
Published: June 2023

Many expect upward trends in online college course enrollment to continue. Despite perceived improvements in online pedagogical practice and advantages afforded by virtual platforms, most students and professors still perceive social interaction, engagement, and overall learning to be more challenging online than in person. More than 3 in 10 college students are less willing to participate in discussions online compared to in person. More than 7 in 10 professors report needing help with strategies for keeping students engaged online. As such, we must identify strategies that cater to students’ academic, and social-emotional needs in an online environment. Breakout rooms have often been implemented to promote discussion and collaboration, however, when not well-structured, they often increase social discomfort instead. In this mixed methods study, using surveys, interviews and class observations, we examine student-led talking circles in an undergraduate adolescent development course ( N = 61), in which student discussion leaders prepared questions and facilitated small group conversations using structured turn-taking protocols. Nearly 95% of students felt talking circles increased peer connectedness, 92% felt they improved content learning, and 90% felt they increased engagement. Students largely attributed these benefits to specific elements of the talking circle format. Regression results revealed significant associations between peer connectedness and perceived academic benefit, after accounting for demographics, basic psychological needs, dispositional factors, and norms of communication.
Research on the influence of check valve on noise performance of variable frequency scroll refrigeration compressor
Authors: Zhang Wenzhuo , Li Bingqian , Yan Weiguo , Wang Zhen , Yang Xiaoqian , Li Hongkun , Chen Jianguo , Xu Jin
Published: June 2023

Check valve is one of the core components of the scroll refrigeration compressor, which can directly affect its efficiency, life, and noise performance. Traditional check valve is the reed valve. This paper deeply studies the dynamic characteristics of reed valve and reveals the main reason of the valve noise under different rotation speeds. The large noise is mainly attributing to the large pressure pulsation as well as fast circulation velocity of fluid and the severe slapping of the reed plate on the valve seat, which is influenced by the high pressure ratio of the working condition and stiffness of the reed valve. In order to reduce the noise of the check valve, the circular valve is designed to replace reed valve in this paper. At each rotation speed, the circular valve shows a continuous exhaust process, which avoids the slapping of the valve plate on the valve seat. More importantly, the exhaust is smooth and the pressure pulsation as well as the flow rate of the fluid is reduced significantly leading to the low aerodynamic noise. Therefore, compared with the reed valve compressor, the sound pressure level of the circular valve compressor at 1800, 4200, and 6600 rpm is decreased by 3.0, 5.2, and 0.3 dB, respectively.
The disease of indifference: How relational systems provide the attentional infrastructure for organizational resilience
Authors: Bartel Caroline A , Rockmann Kevin
Published: June 2023

Interpersonal relationships among organization members based on trust, disclosure, and mutual respect are an important capability that organizations need to be resilient in times of crisis. Using the attention-based view, we theorize how the attention paid to interpersonal relationships among top managers continually shapes and is shaped by the quality of relationships that emerge at the unit level. We leverage the attention-based view to theorize how different patterns of attention are associated with configurations of structures for building interpersonal relationships, with the resulting patterns of behavior producing distinct relational systems. We contrast three relational system archetypes: relational advocacy, relational antipathy, and what we argue is the most common but least understood and most likely to weaken organizational resilience—relational indifference. These systems are theorized as central to the attentional infrastructure of the organization, impacting its capacity for attentional stability and coherence on emergent issues. The proposed framework offers a novel view of organizational resilience and interpersonal relationships with notable contributions to multiple research domains and to practice.
Global Prevalence of Childhood Exposure to Physical Violence within Domestic and Family Relationships in the General Population: A Systematic Review and Proportional Meta-Analysis
Authors: Whitten Tyson , Tzoumakis Stacy , Green Melissa J. , Dean Kimberlie
Published: June 2023

Efforts to identify and prevent childhood exposure to physical violence within domestic and family relationships must be underpinned by reliable prevalence estimates to ensure the appropriate allocation of resources and benchmarks for assessing intervention efficacy. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the global prevalence of childhood exposure to physical domestic and family violence separately as a victim or witness. Searches were conducted in Criminal Justice Abstracts, Embase, Scopus, PubMed, PsychInfo, and Google Scholar. Studies were included if they were peer-reviewed, published in English, had a representative sample, unweighted estimates, and were published between January 2010 and December 2022. One-hundred-and-sixteen studies comprising 56 independent samples were retained. Proportional meta-analysis was conducted to calculate the pooled prevalence for each exposure. Pooled prevalence estimates were also stratified by region and sex. The global pooled prevalence of childhood exposure to physical domestic and family violence as a victim or witness was 17.3% and 16.5%, respectively. Prevalence estimates were highest in West Asia and Africa (victim = 42.8%; witness = 38.3%) and lowest for the Developed Asia Pacific region (victim = 3.7%; witness = 5.4%). Males were 25% more likely than females to be the victim of physical domestic and family violence during childhood, while both were equally likely to have witnessed it. These findings suggest that childhood exposure to domestic and family violence is relatively common, affecting around one-in-six people by 18 years of age globally. Regional variations in prevalence estimates may reflect underlying economic conditions, cultural norms, and service availability.
STOP-Bang Questionnaire Is Associated With Aortic Remodeling in Patients With Acute Type B Aortic Dissection Undergoing Standard Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair
Authors: Dai Yiquan , Wu Zhiye , Zhang Xunliang , Cai Yihang , Ji Shiping , Lin Jie , Li Luyao , Lin Yichen , Guo Pingfan , Cai Fanggang , Hou Xinhuang , Zhang Jinchi
Published: June 2023

Purpose:

To determine whether the STOP-Bang questionnaire, which is a tool for evaluating obstructive sleep apnea, is associated with aortic remodeling after thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) in patients with type B aortic dissection (TBAD).

Methods:

Patients with TBAD who underwent standard TEVAR at our center from January 2015 to December 2020 were enrolled. For the included patients, we recorded baseline characteristics, comorbidities, preoperative computed tomographic angiography findings, procedure details, and complications. The STOP-Bang questionnaire was administered to each patient. Total scores comprised points for 4 yes/no questions and 4 clinical measurements. STOP-Bang ≥5 and STOP-Bang <5 groups were then created using the STOP-Bang total scores. We evaluated aortic remodeling 1 year after discharge and the reintervention rate, as well as false lumen complete thrombosis (FLCT) and non-FLCT length.

Results:

Fifty-five patients were enrolled in the study; STOP-Bang <5, n=36, and STOP-Bang ≥5, n=19. Compared with the STOP-Bang ≥5 group, the STOP-Bang <5 group achieved statistically significantly higher descending aorta positive aortic remodeling (PAR) rates in zones 3 to 5 (zone 3: p=0.002; zone 4: p=0.039; zone 5: p=0.023), higher total descending aorta-PAR rate (66.7% vs 36.8%, respectively; p=0.004), and lower reintervention rate (8.1% vs 38.9%, respectively; p=0.005). In the logistic regression analysis, STOP-Bang ≥5 had an odds ratio of 0.12 (95% confidence interval: 0.03–0.58; p=0.008). There was no significant difference in overall survival between the groups.

Conclusion:

STOP-Bang questionnaire scores were associated with aortic remodeling after TEVAR in patients with TBAD. Increasing the frequency of surveillance after TEVAR might be beneficial in these patients.

Clinical Impact

We analysed aortic remodelling 1 year after thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) in acute type B aortic dissection (TBAD) patients with STOP-Bang < 5 and STOP-Bang ≥ 5. Aortic remodelling was better, and the reintervention rate was higher in patients with STOP-Bang < 5 compared with patients with STOP-Bang ≥ 5. In patients with STOP-Bang ≥ 5, aortic remodelling was worse in zones 3–5 compared with zones 6–9. This study suggests that the STOP-Bang questionnaire results is associated with aortic remodelling after TEVAR in patients with TBAD.
Common Designs of Custom-Made Fenestrated Arch Devices and Applicability of an Off-the-Shelf Design
Authors: Gouveia e Melo Ryan , Fernández Prendes Carlota , Khanafer Adib , Wanhainen Anders , Mani Kevin , Rouhani Guido , Chao Victor , Tay Kiang Hiong , Chong Tze Tec , Adam Donald , Dias Nuno , Agaev Arzou , Tsilimparis Nikolaos
Published: June 2023

Objectives:

To analyze device designs, similarities and overlaps of custom-made fenestrated arch endografts intended for mid/distal arch thoracic endovascular aortic repair.

Materials and Methods:

A multicenter cross-sectional study analyzing custom-made anonymized graft plans was performed. Graft plans were included from a cohort of mid/distal aortic arch repairs using custom-made fenestrated aortic endografts treated at 8 centers. Grafts targeting >2 arteries were excluded. No patient/clinical data were analyzed. A descriptive analysis was performed followed by an analysis of overlap of the designs to reach a common design in which the greatest number of grafts would overlap.

Results:

One hundred thirty-one graft plans were included. All grafts were custom-made grafts from the COOK Medical Fenestrated arch platform. Ninety-four (71.8%) had a scallop-and-single-fenestration design, 33 (25.2%) had a single fenestration and 4 (4.3%) a single scallop. For analysis purposes, these latter 4 grafts were excluded. Two main graft plans ( Plans 1 and 2) were proposed after analysis with similar configuration (1 scallop with 30 mm width, 20 mm height, 12:00 position; 1 preloaded fenestration with 8 mm diameter, 26 mm from the top of the graft and 12:00 position; tapered, with a 193 mm length and 32 mm distal diameter) but with 2 different proximal diameters of 38 mm ( Plan 1) and 44 mm ( Plan 2), reaching an overall feasibility of 85.8% (n=109), being 47.2% (n=60) and 38.6% (n=49) for each design, respectively.

Conclusion:

The degree of overlap between the studied fenestrated and/or scalloped thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair (TEVAR) graft designs was high. Future studies analyzing these designs in a real-world cohort of patients are needed to further address off-the-shelf feasibility.

Clinical Impact

In a multicenter study analyzing 127 fenestrated aortic arch endograft plans from 9 aortic centers, we found that the degree of overlap between the studied fenestrated and/or scalloped arch graft designs was high and that 2 proposed graft designs would be theoretically applicable in 85.8% of cases. Future studies analyzing these designs in a real-world cohort of patients are needed to further address off-the-shelf feasibility.
Predictive Value of a Radiomics Nomogram Model Based on Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography for KIT Exon 9 Gene Mutation in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
Authors: Wei Yuze , Lu Zaiming , Ren Ying
Published: June 2023

Objectives

To establish and validate a radiomics nomogram model for preoperative prediction of KIT exon 9 mutation status in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs).

Materials and methods

Eighty-seven patients with pathologically confirmed GISTs were retrospectively enrolled in this study. Imaging and clinicopathological data were collected and randomly assigned to the training set (n = 60) and test set (n = 27) at a ratio of 7:3. Based on contrast-enhanced CT (CE-CT) arterial and venous phase images, the region of interest (ROI) of the tumors were manually drawn layer by layer, and the radiomics features were extracted. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to test the consistency between observers. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression (LASSO) were used to further screen the features. The nomogram of integrated radiomics score (Rad-Score) and clinical risk factors (extra-gastric location and distant metastasis) was drawn on the basis of multivariate logistic regression. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) curve and decision curve analysis were used to evaluate the predictive efficiency of the nomogram, and the clinical benefits that the decision curve evaluation model may bring to patients.

Results

The selected radiomics features (arterial phase and venous phase features) were significantly correlated with the KIT exon 9 mutation status of GISTs. The AUC, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in the radiomics model were 0.863, 85.7%, 80.4%, and 85.0% for the training group (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.750-0.938), and 0.883, 88.9%, 83.3%, and 81.5% for the test group (95% CI: 0.701-0.974), respectively. The AUC, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in the nomogram model were 0.902 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.798-0.964), 85.7%, 86.9%, and 91.7% for the training group, and 0.907 (95% CI: 0.732-0.984), 77.8%, 94.4%, and 88.9% for the test group, respectively. The decision curve showed the clinical application value of the radiomic nomogram.

Conclusion

The radiomics nomogram model based on CE-CT can effectively predict the KIT exon 9 mutation status of GISTs and may be used for selective gene analysis in the future, which is of great significance for the accurate treatment of GISTs.
Narrative Exposure Therapy for Treating Post-Traumatic Stress Among Transgender Youth of Color With Selective Mutism
Authors: Casas Mark Albert , Conn Bridgid Mariko
Published: June 2023

Rates of post-traumatic stress (PTS) are greater among transgender and non-binary (TGNB) youth compared to their cisgender peers. This disparity has been linked to increased experiences of trauma among TGNB youth, including greater exposure to child abuse, discrimination, hate crimes, and familial and peer bullying and rejection. Few studies to date have examined the use of trauma-focused interventions with TGNB youth. Narrative Exposure Therapy (NET) has been identified as a potentially impactful treatment for PTS for communities who experience oppression and human rights violations given its social justice-oriented “testimonial” approach and focus on meaning-making around traumatic experiences. While narrative-based approaches are often considered “best practice” for trauma interventions, youth may present with comorbid conditions that present barriers or often preclude them from receiving trauma treatment, such as selective mutism (SM). In this case series, we describe the use of NET for treating PTS symptoms in two transgender youth with comorbid SM, as well as adaptations to support their engagement and progress in treatment. Treatment progress was observed in reduction of PTS symptoms, increase in self-reported resilience and positive well-being, and full remission of SM, with treatment gains observed 6-months post-discharge. From these cases, we identified that (1) NET is a brief treatment that can address PTS and SM symptoms among TGNB youth; (2) NET is able to be adapted to enhance engagement in a narrative-based, trauma-focused therapy for youth with PTS and SM; and (3) NET can also increase self-perceived resilience and a sense of positive well-being for TGNB youth.
Aortic Coarctation Stenting in Adolescents and Adults: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Colle Arnaud , Enciso Stéphane Kajingu , Brunee Louise , Sluysmans Thierry , Kefer Joëlle , Astarci Parla , Lacroix Valerie , Elens Maxime
Published: June 2023

Purpose/background

The aim of this study was to evaluate the short and midterm results of aortic coarctation (AoCo) stenting in an adolescent and adult population.

Methods

All patients with a AoCo older than 14 years treated by stent placement between December 2000 and November 2016 were included in this study. Twenty-eight patients with an invasive peak systolic pressure gradient >20 mmHg were identified. Number of redilations, non-invasive systolic blood pressure, peak systolic pressure gradient, antihypertensive medication intake, claudication status and complications were evaluated.

Results

Twenty-two covered and 6 uncovered stents were successfully placed. Peak systolic pressure gradient decreased immediately after stenting from a mean of 32 mmHg to 0 mmHg (± 7 mmHg). Mean AoCo diameter increased from 8 tot 16 mm (± 4 mm). Peripheral arterial injury was seen in 2 patients (7.1%). The mean follow-up time was 60 ± 49 months. Redilation of the stent was required in 4 patients, 2 to accommodate for growth and 2 for restenosis. Six (35%) patients could stop all antihypertensive medication. All claudicants (6/28) became and remained asymptomatic after surgery and during their follow-up. No aneurysms, stent fractures or dissections were noticed. There were 2 stent migrations during the first procedure with only 1 needing additional stent placement.

Conclusion

Aortic coarctation stenting is a safe and effective treatment that significantly reduces the peak systolic pressure gradient. Antihypertensive medication can be reduced, and increase of walking distance in claudicants can be obtained. Younger patients may need more frequent reinterventions to accommodate for growth.
Hybrid Revision of Dysfunctional Aneurysmal Arteriovenous Fistulas
Authors: Kostiuk Valentyna , Chen Julia F. , Dahl Neera K. , Turner Jeffrey , Ochoa Chaar Cassius Iyad
Published: June 2023

Endovascular therapy has become the first-line treatment for failing hemodialysis arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs). However, open revision remains an important modality for vascular access maintenance and the recommended approach for AVF aneurysms. This case series describes a hybrid approach for aneurysmal access revision. Three patients were referred for second opinion after failure of endovascular therapy to establish a functioning access. The medical history is briefly described to highlight the limitations of endovascular therapy and the technical advantages of the hybrid approach in these clinical scenarios.
Right Common Femoral Vein Invasion: A Unique Case of Inguinal Ectopic Breast Cancer
Authors: Cicek Sevim Kuslu , Simsek Baran , Gundogdu Cemal
Published: June 2023

Objectives

Ectopic breast cancer may present anywhere in the milk line, from the axilla to the groin which is extremely rare in the inguinal region. Despite morphologic differences, ectopic breast tissue presents characteristics related to orthotopic breast tissue in terms of function and pathologic degeneration. The case report describes the treatment of a unique ectopic breast carcinoma which was located in the inguinal region with a common femoral vein invasion.

Methods

We present a unique case of an ectopic breast carcinoma presenting in an unusual anatomic location along the milk line. The study was approved by the local Ethics Committee (protocol no: 12.01.2023-2023/02) Informed consent was obtained from the patient.

Results

The patient is surgically treated and supplemented with neoadjuvant chemotherapy,radiotherapy and endocrine therapy. Histopathological examination revealed the diagnosis of invasive ductal carcinoma. The right common femoral vein was reconstructed with bovine pericardial patch after totally removal of the mass.

Conclusions

This report alerts the reader to be cognizant of the unusual location of an ectopic breast cancer which was detected in the inguinal region with a common femoral vein invasion and discusses the treatment, suggesting novel therapeutic advice that could bring considerable clinical advantages. A multidisciplinary approach should be warranted in such cases to confirm a complete remission.
Botulinum Toxin Type a for Treating Rest Pain in Chronic Limb-threatening Ischemia: A Case Report
Authors: Xu Jiaoxiong , Lin Haofeng
Published: June 2023

Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A) is a potent neurotoxin with widely use range, for the good outcomes in the treatment of pain, it was considered as an unique analgesic drugs with the feature of sustained efficacy after a single application, but up to now, treating chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) with BoNT/A was rarely reported. We present a 91-year-old man with CLTI, the main clinical manifestations were left foot rest pain, intermittent claudication and toe necrosis, the patient refused invasive treatments, and the pain failure to respond to conventional analgesic drugs, the subcutaneous injections of BoNT/A was performed to the patient. The pain score on the visual analog scale (VAS), decreased from 5-6 (before treatment) to 1 within days after infiltration, and keep in 1-2 of VAS during follow-up. Our case report demonstrated that BoNT/A may be an unique minimally invasive solution for treating rest pain in CLTI.
Afterlife: the post-research affect and effect of software
Authors: Gold Nicolas E , Lawson Ian , Oxtoby Neil P
Published: June 2023

Software plays an important role in contemporary research. Aside from its use for administering traditional instruments like surveys and in data analysis, the widespread use of mobile and web apps for social, medical and lifestyle engagement has led to software becoming a research intervention in its own right. For example, it is not unusual to find apps being studied for their utility as interventions in health and social life. Since the software may persist in use beyond the life of an investigation, this raises questions as to the extent of ethical duties for researchers involved in its production and/or study towards the participants involved. Key factors identified include the extent of affect created by the software, the effect it has on a participant’s life, the length of investigation, cost of maintenance and participant agency. In this article we discuss the issues raised in such situations, considering them in the context of post-research duties of care and suggesting strategies to balance the burden on researchers with the need for ongoing participant support.
Working hard but not tired? The influence of task valuation on mental fatigue, effort investment, and task performance
Authors: Wójcik Natalia , Nęcka Edward
Published: June 2023

It has been demonstrated in previous studies that prolonged mental effort exertion evokes mental fatigue and leads to impairments in task performance. In the current investigation, we aimed to test the hypothesis that mental fatigue depends on motivational processes and can be influenced by task valuation. In two studies, we experimentally manipulated the value of the task by financial rewards (Study 1) and the sense of autonomy (Study 2). Contrary to our predictions, those manipulations did not influence the main dependent variables. We also introduced additional rewards after prolonged effort exertion. In line with our expectations, the results showed that mental fatigue increases with time spent on effortful tasks. Importantly, however, mental fatigue decreases when the value of the task rises. This effect is accompanied by stronger effort engagement and improvement in task performance. The findings support the motivational theories of mental effort and fatigue, showing that mental fatigue might serve as a signal of diminishing value of the ongoing task.
Subjective memory measures: Metamemory questionnaires currently in use
Authors: Gopi Yashoda , Madan Christopher R
Published: June 2023

Subjective memory evaluation is important for assessing memory abilities and complaints alongside objective measures. In research and clinical settings, questionnaires are used to examine perceived memory ability, memory complaints, and memory beliefs/knowledge. Although they provide a structured measure of self-reported memory, there is some debate as to whether subjective evaluation accurately reflects memory abilities. Specifically, the disconnect between subjective and objective memory measures remains a long-standing issue within the field. Thus, it is essential to evaluate the benefits and limitations of questionnaires that are currently in use. This review encompasses three categories of metamemory questionnaires: self-efficacy, complaints, and multidimensional questionnaires. Factors influencing self-evaluation of memory including knowledge and beliefs about memory, ability to evaluate memory, recent metamemory experiences, and affect are examined. The relationship between subjective and objective memory measures is explored, and considerations for future development and use of metamemory questionnaires are provided.
Burden of stroke attributable to high ambient temperature from 1990 to 2019: A global analysis
Authors: Bo Yacong , Zhu Yongjian , Lu Ruiqi , Chen Lifang , Wen Wanyi , Jiang Bin , Wang Xiaojie , Li Jiangtao , Chen Shanquan , Qin Pei
Published: June 2023

Aims:

To determine the global and regional burden of stroke due to high temperature and the spatiotemporal trends in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019.

Methods:

Based on Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized DALY rate (ASDR) for stroke attributable to high temperature (i.e. a daily mean temperature warmer than the theoretical minimum-risk exposure level (TMREL)) were calculated in global, geographical location, and country and analyzed by age, sex, subtypes, and socio-demographic index (SDI) from 1990 to 2019. The trends in ASMR and ASDR from 1990 to 2019 were estimated by linear regression model. The regression coefficients (β) referred to a mean change of per year for ASMR or ASDR attributable to high temperature.

Results:

The global burden of stroke attributable to high temperature had an increase trend from 1990 to 2019 (β = 0.005, 95% uncertainty interval (UI) = 0.003–0.007 for ASMR and β = 0.104, 95% UI = 0.066–0.142 for ASDR, respectively). Globally, in 2019, an estimated 0.048 million deaths and 1.01 million DALYs of stroke were attributable to high temperature, and the global ASMR and ASDR of stroke attributable to high temperature were 0.60 (95% UI = 0.07–1.30) and 13.31 (1.40–28.97) per 100,000 population, respectively. The largest burden occurred in Western Sub-Saharan Africa, followed by South Asia, Southeast Asia, and North Africa and the Middle East. ASMR and ASDR increased with age and were higher in males and for intracerebral hemorrhage, and were the highest in the low SDI regions. In 2019, the region with the largest percentage increase in ASMR and ASDR attributable to high temperature was Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa from 1990 to 2019.

Conclusions:

Stroke burden due to high temperature has been increasing, and a higher burden was observed in people aged 65–75 years, males, and countries with a low SDI. Stroke burden attributable to high temperature constitutes a major global public health concern in the context of global warming.
How the name-letter effect influences peer choice in the P2P economy
Authors: Lacan Camille
Published: June 2023

This research aims to examine and extend the current understanding of the name-letter effect (NLE) – people’s implicit preference for the letters of their own name – on consumer peer choices in the P2P economy. Drawing on implicit consumer cognition, a new study is conducted to enhance the internal and external validity, which has been identified as weak in the previous literature. The current research successfully shows the NLE in actual consumer choices and reveals that it is an important driver influencing peer choice. Guest consumers on Airbnb disproportionally preferred renting accommodation from a host whose first name resembled their own (based on shared initials or shared unordered letters) rather than from any other host. This NLE increases with an increasing number of letters shared and is more pronounced in the case of first price tier accommodations and when the proximity with the host is high. This finding suggests an implicit name similarity preference that has important practical and ethical implications for the personalization marketing of recommender systems.
A new two-dimensional question format in web survey design: Assimilation and contrast effects
Authors: Selkälä Arto T , Reips Ulf-Dietrich
Published: June 2023

Computer- and web-based survey technology has enabled the use of question formats and layouts that would be difficult or even impossible to implement with traditional paper questionnaires. The present article investigates context effects—specifically assimilation versus contrast effects—in connection with four web survey question designs. Three traditional types of matrix questions are experimentally tested against a new two-dimensional question format referred to as ZEF. This new question format allows survey practitioners to present two questions at the same time, the responses to which are entered on the x- and y-axes of a two-dimensional chart. The chart also displays a respondent’s answers to the preceding two-dimensional questions. This approach accentuates the simultaneous application of two dimensions of a question and encourages the comparison of pairwise items across the dimensions. The two-dimensional format generates a higher number of assimilation effects as compared with the three traditional matrix question formats. This suggests that instead of conceptual interconnection of items, context effect formation in ZEF is dominated by the visual proximity of the item scales and the common region of the two-dimensional chart.
Fostering Innovative Behavior of Millennial Public Employee Through Leadership Styles and Organizational Trust
Authors: Yudiatmaja Wayu Eko , Salomo Roy Valiant , Prasojo Eko
Published: June 2023

The connection between leadership styles and employees’ innovative behavior has been widely investigated. However, none of the studies examine employees’ organizational trust in the public sector. Based on the social exchange theory, this study fills the gap by examining the relationship between transformational and transactional leadership, organizational trust, and innovative behavior of millennial public employees. It also explored the effect of transformational and transactional leadership on innovative behavior mediated by organizational trust. A cross-sectional design was applied by distributing questionnaires to 320 public servants studying at the Universitas Indonesia to obtain their responses. The data were then analyzed using a partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The results showed that transformational and transactional leadership affect the innovative behavior of millennial public employees mediated by organizational trust. This study enriches the knowledge regarding innovative behavior and contributes to public human resources management by enhancing organizational trust.
Implementation of an Intervention Program to Enhance Student Teachers’ Active Learning in Transformation Geometry
Authors: Mbusi Nokwanda , Luneta Kakoma
Published: June 2023

Active learning strategies are purported to be effective in enhancing students’ understanding of concepts that would otherwise be difficult to master through other strategies of mediating learning. This study forms part of a bigger study where pre-service teachers’ errors and misconceptions in transformation geometry were identified, analyzed and then addressed. The focus of this current study is on exploring the implementation of a van Hiele phase-based instruction to address the students’ misconceptions through the facilitation of active learning. The instructional program was implemented with 82 pre-service teachers (student teachers) and field notes, observations and informal conversations with students were used to collect data during the implementation. A test was then given at the end of the intervention to determine the effect of the intervention on student performance. Findings suggest active learning can be promoted, through the use of van Hiele phase-based intervention program, to address effectively students’ misconceptions.
“Why Can’t We Play on Grass?”: An Investigation of Discourse on Sterling Shepard’s ACL Tear
Authors: Cox Emma G. , Cranmer Gregory A. , Boatwright Brandon
Published: June 2023

This manuscript considers public discourse surrounding the link between playing surface and lower-extremity injuries within the context of a case study on New York Giants’ wide-receiver Sterling Shepard’s anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear, with an aim to identify and explain the use of narratives as a function of commenters’ stakeholder groups and expressions of fandom. Such an effort extends scholarship on issues of athlete health policy to non-cognitive and depersonalized injuries and offers insight into which publics are adopting specific cultural frameworks. Bottom-up framing and social identity theory (SIT) were used as frameworks for interpreting the variance in responses. The consideration of 2,633 public tweets revealed six categories, including thematic framing, episodic framing, health-first narratives, performance narratives, sharing the news, and ambiguous negative commentary. Additionally, patterns associated with stakeholder groups and public expressions of fandom offered both support and challenges to heuristic and theoretical bases of knowledge. This manuscript suggests public sporting audiences are embracing more health-conscious frameworks in social media discourse but that the scope of their focus is directed subsequently by their expression and fandom and concern for their teams.
Recommendations for Adjudicating Among Alternative Structural Models of Psychopathology
Authors: Waldman Irwin D. , King Christopher D. , Poore Holly E. , Luningham Justin M. , Zinbarg Richard M. , Krueger Robert F. , Markon Kristian E. , Bornovalova Marina , Chmielewski Michael , Conway Christopher , Dretsch Michael , Eaton Nicholas R. , Forbes Miriam K. , Forbush Kelsie , Naragon-Gainey Kristin , Greene Ashley Lauren , Haltigan J. D. , Ivanova Masha , Joyner Keanan , Keyes Katherine M. , King Kevin M. , Kotov Roman , Levin-Aspenson Holly , Olino Thomas , Oliver Jason A. , Patrick Christopher J. , Preece David , Rutter Lauren A. , Sellbom Martin , South Susan , Wagner Nicholas J. , Watts Ashley L. , Wilson Sylia , Wright Aidan G.C. , Zald David
Published: June 2023

Historically, researchers have proposed higher-order factors to explicate the structure of psychopathology, including Externalizing, Internalizing, Fear, Distress, Thought Disorder, and a general factor. Despite extensive research in this domain, the underlying structure of psychopathology remains unresolved. Here, we examine several issues in adjudicating among structural models of psychopathology. Using simulations and analyses of the extant literature, we contrast the model-based reliability of alternative structural models of psychopathology and highlight shortcomings of conventional model-fit indices for such adjudication. We propose alternative criteria for evaluating and contrasting competing structural models, including various model characteristics (e.g., the magnitude and consistency of factor loadings and their precision), the consistency and sensitivity of factors to their constituent indicators, and the variance explained in and patterns of associations with relevant variables. Using these criteria as adjuncts to conventional fit indices should become standard practice and will greatly facilitate adjudication among alternative structural models of psychopathology.
Effect of progressive muscle relaxation exercise on anxiety among nursing students prior to critical care clinical training
Authors: Toqan Dalia , Ayed Ahmad , Khalaf Inaam A
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

Intensive care units are considered stressful and emotionally risky situations by both professionals and patients and their families. The purpose was to assess the effect of progressive muscle relaxation exercise on anxiety among nursing students in intensive care units prior to clinical training.

Method:

A randomized, controlled study design was used. The study composed of 80 nursing students from Arab American University. For 2 weeks, the experimental group’s 40 participants were taught progressive muscle relaxation exercises to help with anxiety control, whereas the control group’s 40 participants received no training.

Results:

The results revealed that the experimental group was capable of reducing the anxiety ( p < 0.05). Also, the experimental group had les anxiety (1.15 ± SD = 0.43) compared with the control group (2.83 ± SD = 0.40).

Conclusion:

The current study’s findings confirmed the effect of progressive muscle relaxation exercise (PMRE) on anxiety reduction in intensive care units during clinical training among nursing students.
Non-invasive coronary flow velocity reserve assessment predicts adverse outcome in women with unstable angina without obstructive coronary artery stenosis
Authors: Montisci Roberta , Marchetti Maria Francesca , Ruscazio Massimo , Biddau Mattia , Secchi Sara , Zedda Norma , Casula Roberto , Tuveri Francesca , Kerkhof Peter LM , Meloni Luigi , Tona Francesco
Published: June 2023

Background:

Evaluation of coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR) is the physiological approach to assess the severity of coronary stenosis and microvascular dysfunction. Impaired CFVR occurs frequently in women with suspected or known coronary artery disease. The aim of this study was to assess the role of CFVR to predict long-term cardiovascular event rate in women with unstable angina (UA) without obstructive coronary artery stenosis.

Methods:

CFVR in left anterior descending coronary artery was assessed by adenosine transthoracic echocardiograhy in 161 women admitted at our Department with UA and without obstructive coronary artery disease.

Results:

During a mean FU of 32.5 ± 19.6 months, 53 cardiac events occurred: 6 nonfatal acute myocardial infarction, 22 UA, 7 coronary revascularization by percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, 1 coronary bypass surgery, 3 ischemic stroke, and 8 episodes of congestive heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and 6 cardiac deaths. Using a ROC curve analysis, CFVR 2.14 was the best predictor of cardiac events and was considered as abnormal CFVR. Abnormal CFVR was associated with lower cardiac event-free survival (30 vs 80%, p < 0.0001). During FU, 70% of women with reduced CFVR had cardiac events whereas only 20% with normal CFVR (p = 0.0001). At multivariate Cox analysis, smoke habitus (p = 0.003), metabolic syndrome (p = 0.01), and CFVR (p < 0.0001) were significantly associated with cardiac events at FU.

Conclusion:

Noninvasive CFVR provides an independent predictor of cardiovascular prognosis information in women with UA without obstructive coronary artery disease whereas, impaired CFVR seems to be associated with higher CV events at FU.
Senior Citizens in Nepal: Policy Gaps and Recommendations
Authors: Acharya Tulasi , Dhungana Gopi Krishna , Traille Kay , Dhakal Hemraj
Published: June 2023

Limited research has been conducted on the views of senior citizens in Nepal with regards to contemporary challenges and aging issues. To better understand their existing problems, it is important to talk to and survey senior citizens and reflect on their experiences and insights. The Senior Citizens Acts, 2063 in Nepal defines senior citizens as individuals who have reached the age of 60 years or above. With an increase in life expectancy rates, the senior citizen population in Nepal is on the rise. However, despite the guarantees of rights outlined in the policy, little attention has been paid to the needs of the elderly population. This knowledge can help inform policies and programs that improve their quality of life and well-being. Therefore, this study aims to collect the lived experiences of older generations across Nepal, including information about the society, culture, and hardships they faced. The research aims to contribute to existing literature on the experiences of the elderly and inform policies related to senior citizens. A mixed-methods approach was used for this study, incorporating both primary and secondary sources. The primary data was collected through an informal survey posted on Facebook targeting senior citizens in Nepal which generated 100 responses from senior citizens aged 65 years or older within a 2-week period.
The Structural Sources of Socioeconomic Inequalities in Health: A Cross-National Perspective
Authors: Barnes Lucy , Hall Peter A. , Taylor Rosemary C. R.
Published: June 2023

This article investigates how macro-level structures condition the sources of socioeconomic inequalities in health. Drawing on multiple social science disciplines, the authors develop theoretically grounded propositions about how different types of welfare states, varieties of capitalism, and social structures give rise to cross-national variations in the sources of health inequalities. They consider how these macro-level structures affect the distribution of five key resources important to health, estimate the relative contribution that each resource makes to health inequalities, and compare those contributions in 21 developed democracies. Moving beyond a current literature focused on welfare states, the authors show how different types of political economies and social structures also condition the health gradient. This research carries implications for policy and suggests agendas for further investigation into the relationship between macro-level structures and inequalities in health.
APOL1 genotype in African American patients with kidney neoplasm
Authors: Yang Yihe , Olabisi Opeyemi , Wu Dongling , Kozel Zachary , Sharma Purva , Yaskiv Oksana , Torres Jose , Jhaveri Kenar D , Bhaskaran Madhu , Vira Manish , Bijol Vanesa
Published: June 2023

Context:

African Americans (AA) may carry high risk Apolipoprotein L1 ( APOL1) genetic variants that predispose them to significantly higher incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Objective:

To study the role of APOL1 risk alleles in patients of African descent with kidney neoplasms.

Design:

AA patients with nephrectomy procedure for kidney neoplasms were retrospectively studied for APOL1 genotype. Non-AA patients with kidney neoplasm served as control group.

Results:

Thirty-six AA patients with kidney neoplasms were included. Sixteen (44%) patients carried no APOL1 risk alleles; 13 (36%) patients carried one APOL1 risk allele and 7 (19%) patients carried two APOL1 risk alleles. Increased risk of end stage kidney disease (ESKD) was observed in patients with two APOL1 risk alleles (OR = 3.45). We also observed a higher papillary carcinoma (pRCC) percentage in patients with two risk alleles. Five (71.4%) of the seven patients with two risk-alleles had pRCC. In patients with zero or one APOL1 risk allele ( n = 29), 8 (28%) had pRCC. However, in AA patients with ESKD ( n = 6), only 2 (33%) had PRCC. Among the non-AA patients ( n = 319), 7 (2.2%) patients presented with ESKD, of which 2 (33%) had pRCC.

Conclusions:

We observed a cluster phenomenon in APOL1 high-risk genotype, ESKD, and kidney neoplasm. We observed significantly more frequent papillary RCC prevalence in AA patients with high-risk APOL1 genotype.
Global food contact regulation updates for 3rd quarter 2023
Authors: Zhang Huqiu
Published: June 2023

Government agencies around the world regulate food contact materials or articles. Understanding these regulations and keeping up with the new regulations are essential for maintaining market access for food contact products. My intent is to provide global plastics food contact regulation developments and updates relevant to plastic film and sheet for food packaging.
Is the outcome of elective vs non-elective patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation different? Results of a single-centre, observational assessment of outcomes at a large university clinic
Authors: Wundram Steffen , Seoudy Hatim , Dümmler Johannes C. , Ritter Lukas , Frank Johanne , Puehler Thomas , Lutter Georg , Lutz Matthias , Saad Mohammed , Bramlage Peter , Sathananthan Janarthanan , Wood David A. , Lauck Sandra B. , Frey Norbert , Frank Derk
Published: June 2023

Background

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) can either be conducted as an elective (scheduled in advance) or a non-elective procedure performed during an unplanned hospital admission. The objective of this study was to compare the outcomes of elective and non-elective TAVI patients.

Methods

This single-centre study included 512 patients undergoing transfemoral TAVI between October 2018 and December 2020; 378 (73.8%) were admitted for elective TAVI, 134 (26.2%) underwent a non-elective procedure. Our TAVI programme entails an optimized fast-track concept aimed at minimizing the total length of stay to ≤ 5 days for elective patients which in the German healthcare system is currently defined as the minimal time period to safely perform TAVI. Clinical characteristics and survival rates at 30 days and 1 year were analysed.

Results

Patients who underwent non-elective TAVI had a significantly higher comorbidity burden. Median duration from admission to discharge was 6 days (elective group 6 days versus non-elective group 15 days; p < 0.001), including a median postprocedural stay of 5 days (elective 4 days versus non-elective 7 days; p < 0.001). All-cause mortality at 30 days was 1.1% for the elective group and 3.7% for non-elective patients (p = 0.030). At 1 year, all-cause mortality among elective TAVI patients was disproportionately lower than in non-elective patients (5.0% versus 18.7%, p < 0.001). In the elective group, 54.5% of patients could not be discharged early due to comorbidities or procedural complications. Factors associated with a failure of achieving a total length of stay of ≤ 5 days comprised frailty syndrome, renal impairment as well as new permanent pacemaker implantation, new bundle branch block or atrial fibrillation, life-threatening bleeding, and the use of self-expanding valves. After multivariate adjustment, new permanent pacemaker implantation (odds ratio 6.44; 95% CI 2.59–16.00), life-threatening bleeding (odds ratio 4.19; 95% confidence interval 1.82–9.66) and frailty syndrome (odds ratio 5.15; 95% confidence interval 2.40–11.09; all p < 0.001, respectively) were confirmed as significant factors.

Conclusions

While non-elective patients had acceptable periprocedural outcomes, mortality rates at 1 year were significantly higher compared to elective patients. Approximately only half of elective patients could be discharged early. Improvements in periprocedural care, follow-up strategies and optimized treatment of both elective and non-elective TAVI patients are needed.