bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of miR-144-3p expression levels in HbSS cases with high and normal HbF
Authors: Guzelgul Figen , Seydel Gönül Şeyda , Alparslan Zeliha Nazan , Aksoy Kıymet
Published: July 2020

Background

Sickle cell anemia (HbSS) is a hereditary blood disease that affects millions of people worldwide. Increased the HbF levels affects the clinical course of HbSS positively. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between miR-144-3p and HbSS.

Materials and methods

In this study 84 cases (44 HbSS/HbS combination and 40 HbAA) were performed. The expression of miR-144-3p was determined by RT-PCR. Statistical analysis was performed by the Mann-Whitney U test (SPSS 20.00 for Windows and p<0.005).

Results

The miR-144-3p expression levels were higher in the HbSS cases (p≤0.001). Additionally, it was determined that the expression of miR-144-3p was higher in the cases with HbF<3 (p=0.043).

Discussion

In our study, the increase in the miR-144-3p levels in low HbF levels may be associated with the severity of the disease.

Conclusion

Considering these results, suppressing miR-144-3p may be considered as a new treatment option in HbSS.
Où en est l’édition de textes patristiques grecs aujourd’hui ? Théories, méthodes et pratiques
Authors: Cassin Matthieu
Published: July 2020

An overview of recent editions of Greek texts from Christian Antiquity is provided, with particular attention to the question of theories and methods of edition. First, we recall the main methods involved: the Lachmannian method, corrected or not by historical approaches, New Philology, etc. In a second step, we go through some large collections of editions of patristic texts, in order to identify their specificities and study their main recent productions; these are successively examined: Athanasius Werke; Gregorii Nysseni Opera; Die griechischen christlichen Schriftsteller der ersten Jahrhunderte; Patristische Texte und Studien; Corpus christianorum, series graeca; Sources chrétiennes. Some special cases are then considered: single-witness texts; treatment of overabundant traditions and phylogenetic methods; partial editions; anthologies, exegetical catenae and compilations. Finally, we propose a general reflection on the changes introduced in the editing process by the introduction of digital technologies, up to and including electronic edition itself.
Grundzüge einer empirischen Pragmatik des kommunikativen Handelns
Authors: Anicker Fabian
Published: July 2020

Das Ziel dieses Aufsatzes ist es, die Theorie des kommunikativen Handelns als explanative Handlungstheorie zu entwickeln. Das dafür geeignete Programm einer empirischen Pragmatik des kommunikativen Handelns wurde in der soziologischen Diskussion bisher kaum zur Kenntnis genommen und wird auch in Habermas’ eigenen Analysen nicht zufriedenstellend ausgearbeitet. Eine explanative Handlungs- und Interaktionstheorie des kommunikativen Handelns gewinnt ihren Ausgangspunkt nicht an sprachlichen Universalstrukturen, sondern am Bezugsproblem der riskanten Handlungskoordination in sprachlich vermittelter Interaktion. Zwei Kernprobleme sind für die empirische Pragmatik von zentraler Bedeutung: erstens, wie kommunikatives Handeln seine Adressaten binden kann, und zweitens, wie auf Basis dieser Bindungswirkung kommunikative Handlungskoordination möglich ist.
Kollektives Handeln und die neuen Kollektive.Eine praxistheoretische Heuristik
Authors: Jungmann Robert
Published: July 2020

Der sozialwissenschaftliche Fokus auf stabile Kollektivakteure scheint heute nicht mehr zu neuartigen Formen des flexiblen und kurzzeitigen Kollektivhandelns zu passen. Der Beitrag entwickelt ein graduelles Konzept kollektiven Handelns. Dieses ermöglicht es, in Analysen nicht mehr die problematisierten, stabilen Kollektivakteure voraussetzen zu müssen. Unter Rekurs auf klassische Konzepte kollektiven Handelns werden drei Aspekte herausgearbeitet, die das Kollektivhandeln von jedem Zusammenwirken, Kollektivverhalten oder koordiniertem Handeln unterscheidet. Darauf aufbauend werden drei Formen des Kollektivhandelns in ihrer je spezifischen Konstitution diskutiert: Kollektivinterventionen, stabilisierte Kollektive und kompetente Kollektivakteure. Das Konzept wird am Beispiel eines naturwissenschaftlichen Projektnetzwerkes illustriert. Die so entfaltete Heuristik bietet abstrakte Bezugspunkte für ein Forschungsprogramm an, das die neuen mit klassischen Kollektiven vergleicht.
Warum wählen Männer und Frauen unterschiedliche Studienfächer?
Authors: Hägglund Anna Erika , Lörz Markus
Published: July 2020

Trotz der seit mehreren Jahrzehnten bestehenden geschlechtsspezifischen Unterschiede in der Studienfachwahl, ist es der bisherigen Forschung nur zum Teil gelungen, die zugrundeliegenden Ursachen empirisch herauszuarbeiten und die geschlechtsspezifische Studienfachwahl vollständig zu erklären. Der vorliegende Beitrag geht daher aus verschiedenen interdisziplinären Blickwinkeln der Frage nach, warum Männer und Frauen unterschiedliche Studienfächer wählen und betrachtet hierbei fünf Fächergruppen.

Die Ergebnisse der multinominalen logistischen Regressions- und Dekompositionsanalysen zeigen, dass die geschlechtsspezifischen Unterschiede hauptsächlich aus vorgelagerten Bildungsentscheidungen und den damit zusammenhängenden Interessen- und Leistungsprofilen resultieren. Die kulturelle Zuschreibung von geschlechterkonformen Verhaltensweisen zeigt sich hierbei nicht in antizipierten Diskriminierungsprozessen, sondern in einer geschlechtsspezifischen Wahrnehmung der eigenen Fähigkeiten und der Entwicklung unterschiedlicher Berufsinteressen. Die Geschlechterunterschiede in den verschiedenen Fächergruppen sind jedoch teilweise auf unterschiedliche Ursachen zurückzuführen.
Las TIC como herramienta de investigación: analizando las técnicas de programación neurolinguística
Authors: Cabaleiro Pedrero Marta , Rodríguez Terceño José , Sarmiento Guede José Ramón
Published: July 2020

En el presente trabajo de investigación vamos a analizar en profundidad las herramientas características de Programación Neurolingüística y cuestiones íntimamente relacionadas y vinculadas a su entorno, desarrollo, uso y percepción social, con el objetivo último de demostrar o refutar su veracidad respecto a los diferentes tipos de aprendizaje que abarca esta disciplina y a los que afecta indirectamente, así como la idea misma de que la dirección de la mirada (la dirección en la que la persona enfoca los ojos mientras habla con otra, señalando a zonas del cerebro con funciones específicas conocidas) de una persona supone o no un indicativo fiable sobre si alguien miente o dice la verdad. El contenido del trabajo consiste en haber puesto en práctica esta hipótesis y en un esfuerzo por probar sus resultados. De este modo tenemos el objetivo último de alcanzar una conclusión sobre el hecho de si son comprobables o no, refutables o no las herramientas de Programación Neurolingüística y sus elementos asociados; ya que ésta actualmente no está fundamentada ni demostrada con herramientas, técnicas y tecnologías que sean consideradas medibles a diferencia de otras herramientas que si han contado con el beneficio de esta comprobación, como por ejemplo el Eye Tracking.
Importancia de los estudios de opinión pública: su aplicación y segmentación del mercado en México
Authors: Zarzosa Codocedo Alejandra , Cota-Yáñez Rosario , Rodríguez Cota Ulises
Published: July 2020

El objetivo del presente trabajo comprende la realización de un análisis descriptivo de la industria de los estudios de opinión pública y de mercado en México, las principales características del mercado desde la perspectiva de la oferta y la demanda, así como la segmentación del mercado por tipo de producto. La metodología implementada consiste en la aplicación de entrevistas a profundidad enfocadas a diversos sectores, como son: servidores públicos, candidatos en comicios electorales, asesores y estrategas de campaña, expertos académicos, directores de áreas de gestión de información e investigación en el sector privado, tales como directores de agencias y consultores independientes en materia de investigación de mercados y opinión pública. El resultado final trata de ofrecer una visión acerca de la dimensión, especialización y profesionalización de esta industria en constante auge en México. Se presentan a los estudios de opinión pública y de mercado como una herramienta indispensable para la recolección de información, análisis y toma de decisiones, que permiten medir las preferencias de los demandantes en cualquier ámbito. Del mismo modo que muestra, explica y analiza cuál es la relación y el grado de importancia que emanan de ellos; su importancia radica que en los últimos años, han cobrado vigencia en diversos segmentos del mercado, como lo son el electoral, el público y el privado, entre otros.
Multidimensional Tuning in Motor Cortical Neurons during Active Behavior
Authors: Yuan Rachel C. , Bottjer Sarah W.
Published: July 2020

A region within songbird cortex, dorsal intermediate arcopallium (AId), is functionally analogous to motor cortex in mammals and has been implicated in song learning during development. Non-vocal factors such as visual and social cues are known to mediate song learning and performance, yet previous chronic-recording studies of regions important for song behavior have focused exclusively on neural activity in relation to song production. Thus, we have little understanding of the range of non-vocal information that single neurons may encode. We made chronic recordings in AId of freely behaving juvenile zebra finches and evaluated neural activity during diverse motor behaviors throughout entire recording sessions, including song production as well as hopping, pecking, preening, fluff-ups, beak interactions, scratching, and stretching. These movements are part of natural behavioral repertoires and are important components of both song learning and courtship behavior. A large population of AId neurons showed significant modulation of activity during singing. In addition, single neurons demonstrated heterogeneous response patterns during multiple movements (including excitation during one movement type and suppression during another), and some neurons showed differential activity depending on the context in which movements occurred. Moreover, we found evidence of neurons that did not respond during discrete movements but were nonetheless modulated during active behavioral states compared with quiescence. Our results suggest that AId neurons process both vocal and non-vocal information, highlighting the importance of considering the variety of multimodal factors that can contribute to vocal motor learning during development.
Scenes from the Margins
Authors: Leslie Kathryn Joan
Published: July 2020

The scenes in this reflection explore the ways my white, queer, nonbinary body navigates a professional association from the margins under the influence of white supremacy. I confess to shadow feelings of self-importance that continuously creep up as I engage in anti-racist work and consider how this presence of white righteousness must be relentlessly undermined and destabilized as we work to consider new and alternative futures for (organizational) communication studies.
Reflections on Complacency and Inadequacy in the Face of Violence
Authors: Jensen Peter R.
Published: July 2020

In this essay, I reflect on the events leading up to and immediately following the 2019 National Communication Association Organizational Communication Division's Top Paper Panel. In my reflection, I examine not only the events that happened, but also the role that my complacency played in my (lacking) preparation for pushback. In particular, I discuss how, in spite of my desire to be an ally for scholars of color, I had treated the problems facing marginalized scholars as an intellectual problem that was stripped of the emotional consequences. I conclude with a call to action to recognize complacency among white scholars as its own kind of violence.
(Un)Disciplining the Graduate Student, and a Queer Otherwise
Authors: Kenney Sean Charles
Published: July 2020

This essay reflects on the walkout during the 2019 National Communication Association Organizational Communication Division's Top Paper Panel. I draw upon queer theory to discuss the impacts of disciplinary norms and whiteness in organizational communication.
The Emergencies of Creative-Relational Inquiry
Authors: Murray Fiona Alana
Published: July 2020

This essay is written in response to the emergence (or emergencies) of creative-relational inquiry, and in the writing and with the theory, thought thinks through what such inquiry can do, will do, strives to do, and must do.
Erotic Power Futures/Relations That Matter
Authors: Pillow Wanda S.
Published: July 2020

New materialist and posthumanist studies lack accounting of colonial impact on how we think about who is and is not human. In this essay, I posit questions of what is real, who is human, and who we are in relation to each other. These questions, which are key to inquiry and posthuman relationalities, must be thought with Tiffany Lethabo King's “decolonial refusal,” a relational stance offering radical possibilities. In example, I turn to Audre Lorde's “erotic power” thought with adrienne maree brown's “pleasure activism” focusing not only on how we do research, but also on how we feel in relations of research. This move opens potentials for engaging in research relations that matter.
Follow the Plants
Authors: Hofsess Brooke Anne
Published: July 2020

Through poetic glimpses of an ongoing participatory art process, Tree Memory Gathering, this essay considers the special issue theme by questioning, “How might the concept of ‘social warming’ invite new possibilities for creative-relational inquiry?” Responses unfold through three variations of social warming inspired by socially engaged art and ecopoetry. These variations—gathering, participatory bookmaking, and perforating—unsettle residual boundaries between tree bodies and human bodies, generating ecological wisdom for living and inquiring differently in the world. Perforating is theorized as an alternative to research findings in post-qualitative approaches to inquiry.
Evaluation of next generation emission measurement technologies under repeatable test protocols
Authors: Bell Clay S. , Vaughn Timothy , Zimmerle Daniel
Published: July 2020

Twelve next generation emission measurement (NGEM) technologies completed single-blind testing at the Methane Emissions Technology Evaluation Center in 2018. This is the first series of tests to evaluate a wide variety of NGEM solutions including handheld, mobile, and continuous monitoring methods using comparable, repeatable protocols. Results assess performance of detection, localization and quantification, albeit with limited statistical significance due to a low number of tests. Overall, a higher detection rate is observed for handheld and mobile solutions than for continuous monitoring solutions. Compared to when a single emission source is present, a decline in detection rate is observed across all methods when multiple, steady emission sources are present. Localization by handheld and mobile solutions is more accurate than continuous monitoring solutions. These results support the common perception that detections by continuous monitoring systems will need to be confirmed and pinpointed by a follow-up inspection. Finally, this and other controlled release experiments, have been performed across a limited range of environmental conditions. To develop robust probability of detection curves needed for demonstrating emission reduction potential of leak detection and repair programs, new protocols are needed to evaluate methods across a wide range of metrological conditions and emission scenarios in a cost-effective manner.
Transnational Economic Constitutionalism in the Varieties of Capitalism
Authors: Teubner Gunther
Published: July 2020

Among the remarkable results of globalization are economic constitutions, which have emerged independently from the political constitutions of the nation-states. Against ordoliberal as well as critical theorists, who expected a uniform economic world-constitution, a fragmented meta-constitution dealing with massive constitutional conflicts has emerged. Moreover, the conflicting economic constitutions are no longer delineated by the boundaries of nation-states but by different boundaries of various transnational production regimes. The constitutional alternative for the national economies—ordoliberal economic constitution versus social-democratic economic democracy—which had been formulated by the classics of economic constitutionalism, Franz Böhm and Hugo Sinzheimer, has been replaced by the opposition in the Western Hemisphere between neocorporatist production regimes in Northern Europe and the financial-capitalist production regimes of the Anglo-American world.

Against all predictions of their failure, the neocorporatist constitutions of European economies, after the financial crisis, have undergone a reorganization that resulted in their remarkable resilience. Moreover, they have developed a potential for strengthening economic democracy. In particular, public good–oriented corporate codes of conduct, which emerged in large numbers in the sweep of globalization, have contributed considerably to this potential. The codes opened, beyond the protection of workers’ rights, a new opportunity for societal actors. The oppositional power of civil society—the media, public debate, spontaneous protest, protest movements, NGOs, labor unions, intellectuals, and the professions—as well as the legal norms created by state intervention exercise such massive pressure on corporations that the latter are compelled to enact binding self-restrictions oriented to the public interest: environmental protection, antidiscrimination, human rights, product quality, consumer protection, data protection, freedom of the internet, and fair trade.
Gut-liver axis modulation in fructose-fed mice: a role for PPAR-alpha and linagliptin
Authors: Silva-Veiga Flávia Maria , Miranda Carolline Santos , Martins Fabiane Ferreira , Daleprane Julio Beltrame , Mandarim-de-Lacerda Carlos Alberto , Souza-Mello Vanessa
Published: July 2020

Fructose dietary intake affects the composition of the intestinal microbiota and influences the development of hepatic steatosis. Endotoxins produced by gram-negative bacteria alter intestinal permeability and cause bacterial translocation. This study evaluated the effects of gut microbiota modulation by a purified PPAR-alpha agonist (WY14643), a DPP-4 inhibitor (linagliptin), or their association on intestinal barrier integrity, endotoxemia, and hepatic energy metabolism in high-fructose-fed C57BL/6 mice. Fifty mice were divided to receive the control diet (C group) or the high-fructose diet (HFRU) for 12 weeks. Subsequently, the HFRU group was divided to initiate the treatment with PPAR-alpha agonist (3.5 mg/kg/BM) and DPP-4 inhibitor (15 mg/kg/BM). The HFRU group had glucose intolerance, endotoxemia, and dysbiosis (with increased Proteobacteria) without changes in body mass in comparison with the C group. HFRU group showed damaged intestinal ultrastructure, which led to liver inflammation and marked hepatic steatosis in the HFRU group when compared to the C group. PPAR-alpha activation and DPP-4 inhibition countered glucose intolerance, endotoxemia, and dysbiosis, ameliorating the ultrastructure of the intestinal barrier and reducing Tlr4 expression in the liver of treated animals. These beneficial effects suppressed lipogenesis and mitigated hepatic steatosis. In conclusion, the results herein propose a role for PPAR-alpha activation, DPP-4 inhibition, and their association in attenuating hepatic steatosis by gut-liver axis modulation in high-fructose mice model. These observations suggest these treatments as potential targets to treat hepatic steatosis and avoid its progression.
Justicia, pluralismo histórico y diferencia cultural
Authors: Púa Mora Franklin Giovanni
Published: July 2020

El artículo se propone como un aporte a la discusión sobre las búsquedas de referentes teóricos para afrontar de manera efectiva la diferencia cultural, es decir, como una posibilidad de comprensión-acción respetuosa en ámbitos de diversidad como lo son los países latinoamericanos. Como primera medida, se analiza un caso específico de diversidad jurídica, a saber, el juicio indígena a nativos acusados de un delito grave en noviembre de 2014 en el departamento del Cauca, Colombia. En segundo término, se retoma sucintamente la discusión constitucional colombiana en torno a la jurisdicción indígena, desde los referentes del multiculturalismo y la interculturalidad. Por último, se propone el concepto de “pluralismo histórico” como posibilidad dinamizadora de la discusión.
Zwischen "Locarno“ und „splendid isolation“
Authors: Kuhn Franz
Published: July 2020

Rugby hat in Deutschland und Frankreich einen ganz unterschiedlichen gesellschaftlichen Stellenwert. Während in Frankreich die Rugby-Sport-Arenen gut gefüllt sind und die höchste französische Spielklasse Top 14 international zu den Top-Ligen zählt, zieht der Rugby-Sport in Deutschland bis heute keine Massen an. Rugby ist dort eine Randsportart. Trotz der sehr unterschiedlichen Entwicklungen blicken beide Länder auf eine gemeinsame Rugby-Geschichte zurück: Zwischen 1927 und 1938 kam es zu einem intensiven Spielverkehr zwischen beiden Ländern. Darunter fallen auch 16 Länderspielvergleiche, die heute, aufgrund der geringen internationalen Bedeutung des deutschen Rugbysports, weitgehend in Vergessenheit geraten sind bzw. in der Forschung kaum Berücksichtigung finden. Diese deutsch-französischen Rugby-Beziehungen sind das Ergebnis einer besonderen sport-politischen Konstellation in der Zwischenkriegszeit. Gefördert durch den „Geist von Locarno“ wurde der Spielverkehr 1926 aufgenommen. Die jeweiligen Interessenlagen von Verbänden und Politik führten letztlich dazu, dass die Beziehungen in den 1930er Jahren weiter intensiviert wurden. Es entstand ein Zweckbündnis, aus dem 1934 der internationale Rugby-Verband FIRA hervorgehen sollte.
Rugby in Portugal
Authors: Pedroso de Lima João Tiago
Published: July 2020

FOLGT

 

Aus dem Portuguesischen von Christoph Behrens und Karin Weise.
Der spanische Rugby gestern und heute
Authors: Gounot André , Laorden María Teresa
Published: July 2020

Carlos Bernardos Vallejo begann im Alter von 18 Jahren in der Mannschaft der Ingenieursschule Montes in Madrid zu spielen (Universitätsliga und  Regionalliga 2). In der darauf folgenden Saison spielte er für den CEU, der von André Medan trainiert wurde. Als dieser nach Frankreich zurückkehrte, übernahm er dessen Trainerposten. In diesem Moment (1988) wurde aus dem CEU durch eine Fusion mit TECA der Alcobendas Rugby Club. Mitte der 1990er Jahre verließ er den Club, um für die Federación española de Rugby (FER) zu arbeiten. Von 1996 bis 2003 war er technischer Leiter der FER, von 1998 bis 2009 Konditionstrainer der Nationalmannschaft der Männer, und von 2005 bis 2010 Leiter der Trainerakademie der FER. Seit vier Jahren ist er Trainer bei Olímpico de Pozuelo (davon drei Jahre für die Frauenmannschaft, die zweimal spanischer Meister wurde, und aktuell für die Männermannschaft).
À propos apropos
Authors: Behrens Christoph , Kern Beate , Lehnert Joris , Serafin Stefan
Published: July 2020

Vorwort zur ersten Ausgabe von apropos [Perspektiven auf die Romania]
Eine Frage der Ehre: Besitz und Geschlecht in der (spanischen) Literaturgeschichte
Authors: Rißler-Pipka Nanette
Published: July 2020

„Ehre“ ist im Kontext religiös motivierter Auseinandersetzungen zwischen radikalisierten Fundamental-Islamisten und der westlich-christlichen Welt offenbar eine weiterhin schwierige Frage. Dabei glaubte man diese Dichotomie, die sich auf Orient und Okzident bezieht, in der öffentlichen Debatte überwunden zu haben. Ohne an dieser Stelle auf die Medienberichterstattung bezüglich sogenannter Ehrenmorde in westlichen Gesellschaften mit verschiedenen Migrations-hintergründen eingehen zu können, noch die in Teilen problematische Haltung einer als ‚zivilisiert‘ und ‚westlich‘ definierten Gesellschaft gegenüber einer aufgrund ihrer Ehrkonzepte als ‚primitiv‘ und ‚barbarisch‘ definierten Gesellschaft im allgemeinen diskutieren zu können, fragt die vorliegende Studie mit Ansätzen aus Anthropologie, Philosophie und Gender Studies nach der Ehre-Beziehung der Geschlechter in einigen literarischen Beispielen vom 16.-17. Jahrhundert (Calderón, Tirso de Molina, Shakespeare, Molière) über das 19. Jahrhundert (Baudelaire, Edgar Allan Poe) bis zum 20. Jahrhundert (Lorca).
REGIEALSFAKTOR. LEBEN = TRAUM. Calderóns Drama im Raster der Inszenierungsvielfalt
Authors: Kiendl Valerie , Frank Dominik
Published: July 2020

REGIEALSFAKTOR ist ein Konglomerat theaterbildender Künstler*innen. REGIEALSFAKTOR hat ihr Hauptquartier in München und reist von dort durch die Welt. Im Herbst 2017 machte sich REGIEALSFAKTOR an den spanischen Barock und Calderón de la Barcas La vida es sueño.
Halli Hallo meine Lieben, Eeey qué pasa
Authors: Wieben Katharina
Published: July 2020

Grußformeln übernehmen in der alltäglichen Kommunikation die wichtige Aufgabe, den Kontakt zwischen den Gesprächspartnern herzustellen und den Ausgangspunkt für den weiteren Austausch zu bilden. Auch in den audiovisuellen Medien erfüllen Grußformeln eine solche Kontaktfunktion. Dies gilt insbesondere auch für YouTube-Videos, da YouTuber*innen häufig eine möglichst persönliche Ansprache Ihres Publikums anstreben. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie umfasste mehrere Aspekte: Erstens sollten Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten zwischen Grußformeln in der alltäglichen Kommunikation und bei YouTube herausgearbeitet werden. Zweitens sollten spanische und deutsche Grußformeln von YouTuber*innen verglichen werden. Hierzu wurden die Grußformeln nach Sosa Mayor (2006) in die Unterkategorien der Begegnungsformeln, Erkundigungsformeln und Willkommensformeln unterteilt und ein Korpus spanischer und deutscher YouTube-Videos zusammengestellt, deren Eröffnungssequenzen im Folgenden analysiert wurden. Die Analyse ergab, dass die Youtuber*innen – im Vergleich zu Sosa Mayors (2006) Darstellung von alltagssprachlichen Grußformeln – ein weitaus breiteres Repertoire an Formeln verwenden, wobei diese neben der Kontaktfunktion auch der Erzeugung eines Wiedererkennungswertes dienen. Zudem ließ sich anhand der YouTube-Videos bestätigen, dass die Häufigkeit von Erkundigungsformeln bei spanischen Sprechern deutlich höher ist als bei deutschen.
Varia(tionen), Inseln und neue Perspektiven
Authors: Behrens Christoph , Kern Beate , Laorden María Teresa , Lehnert Joris
Published: July 2020

Vorwort zur vierten Ausgabe von apropos [Perspektiven auf die Romania]
Rudolf Schlechter's South-American orchids III. Schlechter's "network": North and Northeast Brazil, The Guianas
Authors: Ossenbach Carlos , Jenny Rudolf
Published: July 2020

The third chapter of the series about Rudolf Schlechter’s South-American orchids presents concise biographical information about those botanists and orchid collectors who were connected to Schlechter and worked in north and northeastern Brazil, as well as in the three Guianas. As an introduction, a brief geographical outline is presented, dividing the northern territories in four zones: the Amazon basin, the Araguaia-Tocantins river basin, the Northeast region and the Guianas. It is followed by a short mention of the historical milestones in the history of orchids in these regions during the preceding centuries.

Key words: Amazon River, biography, history of botany, Orchidaceae, Roraima, Tocantins River
Kesadaran Kolektif dan Upaya Menuntut Pengakuan Desa Adat: Kasus Masyarakat Adat Sendi di Mojokerto, Jawa Timur
Authors: Arofah Fadzilatus
Published: July 2020

Artikel ini bermaksud memberikan kontribusi bagi pemahaman lebih baik soal desa adat di Indonesia. Untuk itu, artikel ini membahas bagaimana proses munculnya desa adat dengan fokus kajian pada masyarakat Sendi di Kabupaten Mojokerto dan bagaimana upaya mereka untuk mendapatkan pengakuan desa mereka sebagai desa adat. Ia berargumen bahwa dalam perspektif sosiologis masyarakat Sendi membangun kesadaran kolektif berdasarkan memori kolektif mereka di masa lalu yang mewujud dalam gerakan sosial untuk memperoleh pengakuan formal desa adat bagi wilayah yang mereka tinggali. Masyarakat keturunan asli eks ‘Desa Adat Sendi’ di masa lalu yang tersebar di beberapa dusun di sekitar Sendi memiliki kesadaran kolektif untuk menghidupkan kembali Sendi sebagai desa adat karena ingin menjaga tanah peninggalan leluhurnya. Pada gilirannya, kesadaran kolektif ini membentuk perilaku kolektif dari masyarakat Sendi untuk berjuang menghidupkan kembali adat-adat masyarakat Sendi dengan mendirikan organisasi gerakan sosial yang dinamakan Forum Perjuangan Rakyat (FPR).  Upaya-upaya masyarakat Sendi melalui Forum Perjuangan Rakyat untuk memperoleh pengakuan desa adat sebenarnya memperoleh justifikasi secara peraturan negara, yakni hak untuk memperoleh pengelolaan sendiri dalam sistem otonomi daerah, dan absah karena mereka sudah menjalankan kehidupan sebagai masyarakat hukum adat sebagai kesatuan masyarakat hukum yang memiliki batas wilayah, menjalankan kepentingan masyarakat setempat berdasarkan prakarsa masyarakat, hak asal-usul, dan hak tradisional yang diakui oleh peraturan  negara. This article aims to contribute to the studies of customary villages in Indonesia. To do so, it describes the emergence of customary villages with a special focus on Sendi community in Mojokerto Regency and how the community members attempt to get their village officially recognized as a “customary village” from the local government. This article argues that from the sociological perspective Sendi community established a collective awareness based on their collective memory of their past, which brought them to found a social movement to have their village recognized as a customary village. This collective awareness made them develop a collective action to revive their customary law and ways of life by establishing Forum Perjuangan Rakyat (People’s Struggle Forum). These efforts of Sendi community to reach their goal are justified by two reasons: Indonesian laws of regional autonomy and the fact that the Sendi community has lived their daily lives as a customary law community, which is recognized and protected by the laws and constitutes a base for a customary village establishment.
Nilai-Nilai Kebermaknaan Hidup Mama Sempur (Kh. Tubagus Ahmad Bakri) Dalam Naskah Cempakadilaga
Authors: Afidah Ida , Ma’mun Titin Nurhayati , Hidayat I. Syarief , Suryani Elis
Published: July 2020

This study is aimed to find values of the meaning of life that written by Ajengan Mama Sempur in the Book of Campaka Dilaga. This study used a qualitative method with a literature study approach. The result of this study was found that the meaning of life of a Muslim can be found through the five values that exist in the five clauses and faidah’s chapters, namely: First clause, discussing the urge to work / work for Muslims. The second clause, discussing the prohibition of doing business or doing work that is prohibited by Islam. The third clause, discussing the obligation to establish good relations with neighbors. The fourth clause, discussing the obligation of Muslims to serve and obey the legitimate government. The fifth clause, discussing the rules of ushul fiqh preventing harm is better than bringing benefit. The conclusion of this research is that the meaning of life can be found in the Sufistic values of Mama Sempur and her thoughts about the value of community life in accordance with the current conditions so as to give birth to good character.
Research and development of genetically engineered soybean using insect-resistance genes derived from Bacillus thuringiensis
Authors: Thu Hien Le Thi , Bich Hang Pham Le , Tuong Van Nguyen , Minh Thanh Le Thi , Thi Hang Dao , Hai Ha Nguyen , Hong Hanh Ha , Thu Hue Huynh Thi , Nhat Linh Nguyen , Thanh Hoa Nguyen Thi , Thuy Hang Dinh , Van Dong Nguyen
Published: July 2020

Soybean (Glycine max) is one of the crops which have high economic value and serve for food, feed and process of many countries around the world. However, there are many factors affecting the productivity of soybean, of which insect pests and diseases are the most harmful agents. Therefore, an application of biotechnology to transfer insect resistance genes derived from a species of bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis can contribute to increase soybean yield and significantly reducing pesticide use. Currently, there are many insecticidal proteins detected from B. thuringiensis such as Cry, Cyt and Vip with a broad and specific spectrum belonged to several orders Lepidoptera, Diptera, Coleoptera, Homopera, and Nematoda. Numerous studies have been implemented over the world to transfer genes encoding these proteins in combination or modified forms to increase their toxicity. Several events of genetically engineered soybean with stacked traits of insect resistance and herbicide tolerance are commercialized and approved to be cultured in many countries such as MON 87701 × MON 89788 or DAS-81419-2. In Vietnam, studies on genetically engineered soybean with insect resistance trait has been carried out. Moreover, the exploitation, screening and selection of high biodiversity and indigenous B. thuringiensis strains which habors specific genes capable of killing targeted insects and serve as materials for plant transformation are great scientific meaning and potential practical application. This will be an important source of materials to create many soybean cultivars with good ability of insect resistance in order to meet specific needs.
Studying of cyp2c19*2, *3 and *17 polymorphism in Vietnamese patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Hai Ha Nguyen , Bich Thao Le Thi , Thanh Hoa Nguyen Thi , Thu Hien Le Thi
Published: July 2020

Coronary artery disease is the most common type of cardiovascular disease, due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaque inside the arterial wall which leads to block blood supply to the heart muscle. A number of clinical trials have demonstrated that Clopidogrel is able to inhibit platelet aggregation in patients with acute coronary syndromes, reduce mortality and cardiovascular events. However, the antiplatelet effectiveness of Clopidogrel significantly depends on CYP2C19 genotypes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the CYP2C19*2, *3 and allele frequencies in Vietnamese coronary artery patients by using PCR-RFLP method. Total genomic DNA were extracted from peripheral blood of 96 patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease. Thereafter, single nucleotide polymorphism sites in the CYP2C19 gene were identified by PCR with specific primers. The amplified products were then digested by restriction enzymes SmaI, BamHI, and MnlI, respectively. The results showed that the proportion of heterozygous individuals for CYP2C19*2 (c. 681G>A, rs4244285), CYP2C19*3 (c. 636G>A, rs4986893), and CYP2C19*17 (g. -3402C>T, rs11188072) accounted for 39.58%, 6.25%, and 2.08%, respectively. Among 96 subjects, 41.67% of patients were predicted for intermediate metabolic phenotype CYP2C19*1/*2 (37.50%) and CYP2C19*1/*3 (4.17%). Approximately 10.42% of total patients represented poor metabolizers in which 8.34% had two copies of the same allele *2/*2 and 2.08% had *2/*3 genotype. Particularly, two individuals (2.08%) detected with CYP2C19*1/*17 genotype were able to increase CYP2C19 activity (ultrarapid metabolizers). The results of this study generate a foundation for introducing individualized antiplatelet therapy in Vietnam based on genetic testing.
Bacterial community analysis in the rice straw sample before and after composting by PCR-DGGE and cloning method
Authors: Duc Duy Ngo , Hoang Dung Nguyen , Quoc Khanh Hoang
Published: July 2020

Applicability of PCR-DGGE (Polymerase Chain Reaction-Denaturing Gel Gradient Eletrophoresis) technique to analyze microbial community is based on the V3 gene fragments in the rice straw sample (R) and after composting rice straw samples (Rn). Besides clonning method combined with analyzing Rn samples and comparing the results of microbial community analysis with PCR-DGGE method had the same reuslts is the main goal in this study. Results obtained from PCR-DGGE technique of R sample had 5 the V3 gene fragments (R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5) and Rn had 4 the V3 genes fragments (Rn1, Rn2, Rn3 and Rn4). Comparison of bacterial groups in R and Rn samples showed that bacteria in R samples including Agrobacterium, Clostridium, Bacteroidetes, Thermopolysporasa and Bacillus species, but in the Rn sample after incubation, the remaining bacterial results of 2 main species are Agrobacterium and Clostridium. Using Clonning method of Rn sample also gave 4 positions and gene fragment sizes corresponding to the positions of Rn1, Rn2, Rn3 and Rn4 from representatives of about 30 samples collected from the Clonning products. Based on the comparison of the similarity among the sequence of V3 gene fragments in PCR-DGGE and Clonning with reference to the data base in NCBI gene bank the results that Rn1 and Rn4 genes are similar to Agrobacterium species, about 96%, Rn2 and Rn3 are similar to Clostridium about 99%. In summary the results of microbial community analysis in the R sample show that the diversity of bacteria in the R sample is larger than in the Rn sample. Summarize the results of microbial community analysis in the R sample show the diversity of bacteria but less stable than the Rn sample. In addition, cloning and PCR-DGGE produced similar results on the sample Rn.
Equivalence Testing and the Second Generation P-Value
Authors: Lakens Daniël , Delacre Marie
Published: July 2020

To move beyond the limitations of null-hypothesis tests, statistical approaches have been developed where the observed data are compared against a range of values that are equivalent to the absence of a meaningful effect. Specifying a range of values around zero allows researchers to statistically reject the presence of effects large enough to matter, and prevents practically insignificant effects from being interpreted as a statistically significant difference. We compare the behavior of the recently proposed second generation p-value (Blume, D’Agostino McGowan, Dupont, & Greevy, 2018) with the more established Two One-Sided Tests (TOST) equivalence testing procedure (Schuirmann, 1987). We show that the two approaches yield almost identical results under optimal conditions. Under suboptimal conditions (e.g., when the confidence interval is wider than the equivalence range, or when confidence intervals are asymmetric) the second generation p-value becomes difficult to interpret. The second generation p-value is interpretable in a dichotomous manner (i.e., when the SGPV equals 0 or 1 because the confidence intervals lies completely within or outside of the equivalence range), but this dichotomous interpretation does not require calculations. We conclude that equivalence tests yield more consistent p-values, distinguish between datasets that yield the same second generation p-value, and allow for easier control of Type I and Type II error rates.
Oral Health–Related Quality of Life and Full-Arch Immediate Loading Rehabilitation: An Evaluation of Preoperative, Intermediate, and Posttreatment Assessments of Patients Using a Modification of the OHIP Questionnaire
Authors: Dellepiane Elena , Pera Francesco , Zunino Paola , Mugno Maria Grazia , Pesce Paolo , Menini Maria
Published: July 2020

The aim of this study was to assess oral health–related quality of life (OHRQoL) of patients before, during, and after completion of implant-supported full-arch immediate loading rehabilitation according to the Columbus Bridge Protocol. Twenty-five patients with compromised dentition were rehabilitated according to the Columbus Bridge Protocol and were assessed for OHRQoL using 4 questionnaires specifically designed for this study and inspired by the Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire. Patients assessed themselves before surgery, during the healing period (1 week and 2 months after surgery), and after definitive prosthodontic treatment (4 months after surgery). The questionnaires specifically investigated patients' pain, comfort, home oral hygiene habits, satisfaction related to esthetics, masticatory ability, phonetics and general satisfaction with the treatment. Patients reported an improvement of OHRQoL after full-arch immediate-loading rehabilitation. A statistically significant improvement in esthetics and chewing ability was found. After 4 months 92% of the patients did not feel tense about their smile, 96% did not indicate problems relating to other people or smiling, and 92% did not have difficulty eating some foods. Phonetics were a critical issue, especially in the intermediate phase of healing. One week after surgery, the percentage of patients who were very satisfied with phonetics slightly decreased from 48% to 36%. The assessment of patients' OHRQoL related to full-arch immediate-loading implant therapy exhibited a significant improvement in quality of life. The questionnaires herein presented could be an effective tool to evaluate patients' reaction to oral rehabilitation.
PROSPECTS OF USING GLUCOSE-FRUCTOSE SYRUP IN THE RIBOFLAVIN BIOTECHNOLOGY
Authors: Polishchuk V. , Dugan O.
Published: July 2020

Рибофлавін є важливим вітаміном, що широко застосовується у харчовій промисловості для збагачення харчових продуктів та в якості барвника. Важливою проблемою реалізації біотехнології рибофлавіну є підбір раціональних джерел карбону та нітрогену, що є дешевими та технологічними. Це дасть можливість значно підвищити ефективність даної технології. Відомо, що гриби роду Eremothecium здатні до синтезу ароматичних речовин, дослідження рівня накопичення ефірної олії на запропонованих джерелах карбону та нітрогену дасть можливість створення технології одночасного виробництва рибофлавіну та ефірної олії. Об’єктом дослідження був аскоміцет Eremothecium ashbyi Guillierm. F-340. Досліджували біосинтетичну активність обраного штаму-продуценту рибофлавіну на середовищах з різними джерелами карбону та нітрогену, компонентний склад раціонального поживного середовища для культивування продуценту з метою максимального накопичення рибофлавіну, здатність продуценту до синтезу ароматичних сполук на запропонованому середовищі. Встановлено вплив різних джерел карбону та нітрогену на накопичення біомаси та синтез рибофлавіну штамом E. ashbyi F-340, для максимального накопичення рибофлавіну краще підходять моносахариди (фруктоза, галактоза) та шестиатомний спирт сорбіт. Кращим джерелом нітрогену виявився дріжджовий екстракт. Отримані експериментальні дані свідчать про ефективність застосування глюкозо-фруктозного сиропу з вмістом фруктози від 8 до 12% на суху речовину (ГФС-10). Показано, що саме при використанні ГФС-10 синтезується найбільша кількість вітаміну (140 мг/дм3). Показаний широкий діапазон варіювання кількості синтезованої ефірної олії. Найбільша кількість спостерігається на середовищі, що містить в якості джерела карбону ГФС-10 (273–453 мг/дм3). Використання ГФС-10 дозволило збільшити вихід рибофлавіну у 6,7 рази, порівняно з середовищем з глюкозою, та у 3,7 рази, порівняно з середовищем з фруктозою. Вихід ефірної олії збільшився у 5 раз. Отримані данні є передумовою для оптимізації поживного середовища.
DEVELOPING A TECHNOLOGY OF LOCAL WINES WITH THE ENHANCED AROMATIC PROFILE
Authors: Bezusov A. , Kalmykova I. , Bilko M. , Melikh T. , Shcherbina V
Published: July 2020

Different methods of enhancing the aromatic profile of wines are researched throughout the world. One of them consists in adding unsaturated fatty acids to must as the yeast feeding. This work considers how the aromatic profile of dry white table wine made from the local grape variety Aromatny is influenced by the feeding that contains olive oil (a source of oleic acid) and the enzyme lipase and is added to must in combination with rehydrated active dry yeast Anchor Alchemy I (the species Saccharomyces cerevisiae). This method has been compared with the two other ones: with the classic method of obtaining dry white table wines by must fermentation (control) and with the sur lie method (when the dry white table wine material is aged on the lees for three months following the end of the must fermentation process). In the wines under study, 19 volatile compounds have been identified and quantified. These compounds, which are the most noticeable and active agents in aroma formation, include higher alcohols, organic acids, complex esters, aldehydes, terpene alcohols. The sample where the feeding was added is substantially higher in aroma-forming compounds than the other samples are. Also, this sample has the highest odour activity value (OAV). Sensory analysis of the wines considered has shown that the feeding containing olive oil and lipase has a positive effect on the aromatic profile of wine: in the aroma, there are distinct floral and fruity notes, more intense than those in the control sample an in the one obtained by ageing the wine material sur lie. This is possible due to a higher concentration of complex esters and a moderate content of higher alcohols. Adding the feeding results in no unpleasant tones in the wine’s odour, which are often caused by fatty acids, as their content is low. The advantages of the method suggested to enhance the aromatic profile of wines are its simple production technology and availability of the natural ingredients of the feeding. This research is supposed to help wine manufacturers satisfy consumers’ demand for local wines with their site-specific character, because one of the main motivations for tourists to visit the world’s wine-producing regions is an opportunity to taste unique wines with a pronounced and attractive floral-fruity aroma
INVESTIGATION OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF EMMER FLOUR
Authors: Zaparenko A. , Didenko S. , Holyk O. , Goloventsov Y.
Published: July 2020

The article presents the results of studying the technological properties of emmer flour obtained from the grain of the variety Golikovska, in comparison with commercial patent wheat flour. It has been found that emmer flour contains 1.4 times as much crude gluten and 1.3 times as much dry gluten as wheat flour does. It has been shown that gluten of emmer flour is 1.2 times less strong and 1.3 times more elastic than gluten of wheat flour, and can be included in the 2nd group of quality. According to the results of farinographic tests, it has been established that the experimental emmer dough sample is formed 2 minutes earlier and is 3 times less stable than wheat dough. The results of the alveographic tests have shown that, compared to wheat dough, the tenacity of emmer dough is lower by 25.9%, the extensibility is higher by 26.3%, its alveogram configuration ratio is lower by 36.4%, and its baking strength is lower by 28.2%. It has been established that the starch of emmer flour starts being gelatinised (turning into paste) a little later and at a slightly higher temperature than wheat flour starch does. The maximum viscosity of wheat starch paste is by 58.3% higher than that of emmer starch paste. It has been established that the falling number of emmer flour is by 9.6% smaller in comparison with that of wheat flour. The dough-raising capacity of model yeast dough systems prepared from emmer flour is by 25.0% better than it is in model systems made from wheat flour. It has been found that in emmer yeast dough, fermentation processes are more intensive than in wheat yeast dough: at the end of fermentation, the emmer dough had by 13.3% higher titrated acidity and had formed by 12.5% more carbon dioxide. The volume of emmer dough was by 16.7% higher than that of wheat dough. The sensory evaluation of unleavened and yeasted puff pastries made from emmer flour has shown that they are not inferior in quality to baked products made from wheat flour, have a regular shape and a bright crust colour, and are large in volume.