bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microbiome - The Power House of Health and Disease
Authors: M. Basavaraju , B.S. Gunashree , B.S. Srinath
Published: October 2022

The field of microbiome is an exciting and rapidly expanding research over the past few decades that have become a topic of great scientific and public interest. Microbiome comprises a complex collection of microorganisms, with their genes and metabolites colonizing different body niches in a deep symbiotic relationship in the aspect of both health and diseases. Microbial populations vary across the body sites, driven by different environmental condition, immunological factors and interactions between microbial species. It is now well known that the microbiome interact with their host, assisting in the bioconversion of nutrients and detoxification, boosting immunity and protecting against pathogenic microbes, maintaining individuals’ health. A wide range of environmental factors can have an impact on gut microbiota imbalance, which has a strong link to health and disease. The microbial role in basic biological processes as well as the development and progression of major human diseases like infectious diseases, liver diseases, gastrointestinal cancers, metabolic diseases, respiratory diseases, mental or psychiatric diseases, and autoimmune diseases. Therefore, a perfect and sensitive balanced interaction of microbes with the host is required for a healthy body. With recent advances in genome sequencing and ‘meta-omics’ tools, culture-independent analyses of microbiomes have been made possible, thus accelerating the progress of microbiome research by leaps and bounds.
Reactive Oxygen Species, Oxidative Damage and Their Production, Detection in Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under Water Stress Conditions
Authors: Ara Asmat , Jan Mahroofa , A. Sofi Parvaze , Rashid Munezeh , Ahmad Lone Ajaz , Ahmad Dar Zahoor , Ashraf Rather Mohd. , Gull Musharib
Published: October 2022

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) being small and highly reactive oxygen containing molecules play significant role in intracellular signaling and regulation. Various environmental stresses lead to excessive production of ROS causing progressive oxidative damage and ultimately cell death. This increased ROS production is, however, tightly controlled by a versatile and cooperative antioxidant system that modulates intracellular ROS concentration and controls the cell’s redox status. Furthermore, ROS enhancement under stress serves as an alarm signal, triggering acclimatory/defense responses via specific signal transduction pathways involving H2O2 as a secondary messenger. Nevertheless, if water stress is prolonged over to a certain extent, ROS production will overwhelm the scavenging action of the anti-oxidant system resulting in extensive cellular damage and death. DAB (3,3′-diaminobenzidine) test serves as an effective assessment of oxidative damage under stress. It clearly differentiates the lines on the basis of darker staining of leaves under water stress. The lines showing greater per cent reduction in yield parameters show greater staining in DAB assay underlining the reliability of using this assay as a reliable supplement to phenotyping protocols for characterizing large germplasm sets.
Mild Cognitive Impairment: An Overview
Authors: Bhattarai Biraj , Nagaraj Hema
Published: October 2022

Heterogeneity of symptoms within and among mild cognitive impairment (MCI) individuals often makes it challenging to document cases clinically. Number of diagnostic criteria have been proposed in recent decades. MOCA and MMSE are two tests useful for the assessment of MCI, besides the neuroimaging studies with MRI and PET scan, have provided promising results in the early diagnosis of MCI. Lifestyle changes and cognitive training have been found to be more effective in the treatment of individuals with MCI.
Targeting Matrix Metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) and Role of Quorum Sensing (QS) in Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Authors: Wakene Jifar Wakuma
Published: October 2022

Diabetes-related foot ulcers (DFU) are a serious public health issue, and one of the main causes of death for diabetics is foot ulcers. Matrix metalloproteinase are crucial to both the pathophysiology of wounds and the healing process. MMPs have not previously been a focus for the treatment of DFUs due to the difficulty in differentiating between active MMPs and the two catalytically inactive forms of MMPs and the clinical failure of broad-spectrum MMP inhibitors in cancer. Managing bacterial infections by focusing on this quorum sensing (QS)-regulated process different from other management strategies. Despite the fact that the medical community has a thorough grasp of diabetic foot ulcers, research is continuously being done to find the most effective treatment for this crippling condition that is also safe to provide. Diabetic foot ulcers are brought on by a variety of factors, so a combination of therapies rather than a single medication will be the most effective course of treatment. This book chapter discusses the identification of active MMP-9 as the molecular cause of the diabetic wounds’ resistance to healing as well as the unique therapeutic strategy of inhibiting this proteinase and about role of inhibiting the quorum sensing (QS) system in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcer.
Segmental Resection in Early-Stage Lung Cancer
Authors: Venkitaraman Balasubramanian , Lei Jiang , Kajamohideen Suhaildeen
Published: October 2022

The minimum standard surgical resection required for curative surgical management of carcinoma of lung had been lobectomy, established based on The Lung Cancer Study Group results, published decades earlier. Recent data show similar oncological outcomes for patients undergoing lobar and sublobar resection with proper patient selection. Randomized trials are underway to statistically establish their equivalence. Segmentectomy is a demanding procedure requiring an in-depth understanding of surgical anatomy and its variations and surgical expertise. Many techniques are described, by various specialists, to perform segmental resection, with their own advantages and shortcomings.
CSR and Corporate Lobbying: From an Environmental Perspective
Authors: Yousfi Ouidad , Mbarek Islem , Omri Abdelwahed
Published: October 2022

In this chapter, we analyze the association between CSR and corporate lobbying. Specifically, we study the impact of CSR and corporate lobbying from an environmental perspective on firm performance in the event of environmental misconduct. We further investigate whether these two policies enhance firms’ performance and give response to the call for action from their stakeholders and society, or they are just used to cover firms’ dirty activities and help them appear cleaner in the market.
Vitiligo: Pathogenesis, Clinical Features, and Treatment
Authors: Müge Acar Emine
Published: October 2022

Vitiligo is a depigmenting skin disorder of unknown etiology, which presents with nonscaly, chalky-white macules. Selective loss of melanocytes is the characteristic feature of vitiligo. Of the many theories proposed for melanocyte loss, convergence theory, which suggests that the combination of biochemical, environmental, and immunological factors play a role in the pathophysiology of vitiligo, is currently the most accepted theory. Treatment options include topical and systemic immunosuppressants, phototherapy, and surgical techniques. The subtype, extent, distribution, and activity of disease are the determining factors for treatment choice. In this chapter, the pathogenesis, clinical features of vitiligo, and treatment options are discussed.
Irrigation Scheduling Methods: Overview and Recent Advances
Authors: Dong Younsuk
Published: October 2022

Applying irrigation at the right time and the correct amount is a challenge. Irrigation scheduling is a method of determining the appropriate amount of water to be applied to a crop at the correct time to achieve full crop production potential. Scheduling irrigation based on the weather, soil moisture, and plant data are reviewed. The advantages and challenges of each irrigation scheduling method are also discussed. In addition, innovative irrigation scheduling methods such as internet of things (IoT)-based on using wireless communication and smartphone app-based are described. In conclusion, the irrigation scheduling method has been continuously developed to be more accurate and precise. Integration of innovative technologies and techniques, such as IoT and machine learning, could be used to take the scheduling method to the next level.
Toxic Gas Detectors Based on a MnSb2O6 Oxide Chemical Sensor
Authors: Trinidad Guillen Bonilla José , Guillen Bonilla Héctor , Jiménez Rodríguez Maricela , Guillen Bonilla Alex , María Rodríguez Betancourtt Verónica , Manuel Rangel Cobian Víctor , Eugenia Sánchez Morales María , Casillas Zamora Antonio
Published: October 2022

We synthesized the semiconductor oxide MnSb2O6 through a wet chemical process assisted by low-power microwave radiation. A gas-sensitive sensor was elaborated from the MnSb2O6 powders obtained by calcination at 600°C. The sensor was electrically characterized in static CO and C3H8 atmospheres by measuring direct current signals at 100, 200, and 300°C. The toxic gases’ concentrations were 1, 5, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 ppm of C3H8; and 1, 5, 50, 100, 200, and 300 ppm of CO. From the MnSb2O6’s electrical resistance results, a sensor’s operational point and a low-cost analog circuit were proposed, obtaining two new prototypes: one for detecting C3H8 and a second one for detecting CO. We selected the response at 200°C and 5 ppm for both cases. Notably, this concentration (5 ppm) is selectable with a calibration resistance, generating an alarm signal of ≈11.3V at a supply voltage of 120 V AC. The toxic gas detectors showed excellent functionality. The resistive sensor showed high sensitivity and good electrical response, while the analog circuit presented a rapid response. Due to the operating temperature employed (200°C), these devices could find practical applications, for example, exothermic generators and heaters.
Detection of Unknown Insider Attack on Components of Big Data System: A Smart System Application for Big Data Cluster
Authors:   The Assam Kaziranga University/CSE, Jorhat, 785006, India, Paul Swagata , Saha Sajal , Goswami Radha Tamal
Published: October 2022

Big data applications running on a big data cluster, creates a set of process on different nodes and exchange data via regular network protocols. The nodes of the cluster may receive some new type of attack or unpredictable internal attack from those applications submitted by client. As the applications are allowed to run on the cluster, it may acquire multiple node resources so that the whole cluster becomes slow or unavailable to other clients. Detection of these new types of attacks is not possible using traditional methods. The cumulative network traffic of the nodes must be analyzed to detect such attacks. This work presents an efficient testbed for internal attack generation, data set creation, and attack detection in the cluster. This work also finds the nodes under attack. A new insider attack named BUSY YARN Attack has been identified and analyzed in this work. The framework can be used to recognize similar insider attacks of type DOS where target node(s) in the cluster is unpredictable.
A Comparison of Missing Value Imputation Techniques on Coupon Acceptance Prediction
Authors:   Faculty of Science and Technology, American International University-Bangladesh, Dhaka, 1219, Bangladesh, Atiq Rahin , Fariha Farzana , Mahmud Mutasim , Yeamin Sadman S. , Rushee Kawser I. , Rahim Shamsur
Published: October 2022

The In-Vehicle Coupon Recommendation System is a type of coupon used to represent an idea of different driving scenarios to users. Basically, with the help of presenting the scenarios, the people’s opinion is taken on whether they will accept the coupon or not. The coupons offered in the survey were for Bar, Coffee Shop, Restaurants, and Take Away. The dataset consists of various attributes that capture precise information about the clients to give a coupon recommendation. The dataset is significant to shops to determine whether the coupons they offer are benefi-cial or not, depending on the different characteristics and scenarios of the users. A major problem with this dataset was that the dataset was imbalanced and mixed with missing values. Handling the missing values and imbalanced class problems could affect the prediction results. In the paper, we analysed the impact of four different imputation techniques (Frequent value, mean, KNN, MICE) to replace the missing values and use them to create prediction mod-els. As for models, we applied six classifier algorithms (Naive Bayes, Deep Learning, Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Random Forest, and Gradient Boosted Tree). This paper aims to analyse the impact of the imputation techniques on the dataset alongside the outcomes of the classifiers to find the most accurate model among them. So that shops or stores that offer coupons or vouchers would get a real idea about their target customers. From our research, we found out that KNN imputation with Deep Learning classifier gave the most accurate outcome for prediction and false-negative rate.
Design and Implementation of an Improved Obstacle Avoidance Model for Land Mower
Authors:   Nnamdi Azikiwe University/ Department of Computer Science, Awka, Nigeria, Alade Samuel M. , Afonrinwo Adebayo S.
Published: October 2022

The paper presents the design, simulation and evaluation of an improved obstacle avoidance model for the lawnmower. Studies has shown that there has been few or no work done has on the total minimization of computational time in obstacle avoidances of land mower. Sample image data were collected through a digital camera of high resolution. The obstacle avoidance model was designed using the Unified Modelling Language tools to model the autonomous system from the higher-level perspective of the structural composition of the system. Automata theory was used to model two major components of the system, which are the conversion of the colour image to binary and the obstacle recognizer components by neural network. The model was simulated using the and evaluated using the false acceptance rate and false rejection rate as performance metrics. Results showed that the model obtained False Acceptance Rate and False Rejection Rate values of 0.075 and 0.05 respectively. In addition, the efficiency of the proposed algorithm used in the present work shows that the time taken to avoid obstacles was faster when compared with another existing model.
Tips to Help People Living with Mental Health Conditions Stop Using Tobacco Products
Authors: McKay Colleen E. , Renneburg C.
Published: October 2022

Approximately fifty million people living in the U.S. use tobacco products. According to the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, the leading cause of preventable death and disease in the state is smoking. As of 2017, 13.7% of Massachusetts adults were current smokers, with 13.5% of white adults, 15.7% of Black adults, and 18.3% of Hispanic adults reporting smoking cigarettes.1 One study found that an average smoker may attempt to quit 30 or more times before success is achieved with abstinence from smoking for at least one year. This tip sheet provides general and evidence-based tips on how to help individuals living with mental health conditions cease using tobacco products.
Estimating the changing burden of disease attributable to low levels of physical activity in South Africa for 2000, 2006 and 2012
Authors: Neethling I , Lambert E V , Cois A , Roomaney R A , Awotiwon O F , Pacella R , Bradshaw D , Pillay-van Wyk V
Published: October 2022

Background. Physical activity is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular outcomes, certain cancers and diabetes. The previous South African Comparative Risk Assessment (SACRA1) study assessed the attributable burden of low physical activity for 2000, but updated estimates are required, as well as an assessment of trends over time.Objective. To estimate the national prevalence of physical activity by age, year and sex and to quantify the burden of disease attributable to low physical activity in South Africa (SA) for 2000, 2006 and 2012.Methods. Comparative risk assessment methodology was used. Physical activity was treated as a categorical variable with four categories, i.e. inactive, active, very active and highly active. Prevalence estimates of physical activity levels, representing the three different years, were derived from two national surveys. Physical activity estimates together with the relative risks from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) 2016 study were used to calculate population attributable fractions due to inactive, active and very active levels of physical activity relative to highly active levels considered to be the theoretical minimum risk exposure (>8 000 metabolic equivalent of time (MET)-min/wk), in accordance with the GBD 2016 study. These were applied to relevant disease outcomes sourced from the Second National Burden of Disease Study to calculate attributable deaths, years of life lost, years lived with disability and disability adjusted life years (DALYs). Uncertainty analysis was performed using Monte Carlo simulation.Results. The prevalence of physical inactivity (<600 METS) decreased by 16% and 8% between 2000 and 2012 for females and males, respectively. Attributable DALYs due to low physical activity increased between 2000 (n=194 284) and 2006 (n=238 475), but decreased thereafter in 2012 (n=219 851). The attributable death age-standardised rates (ASRs) declined between 2000 and 2012 from 60/100 000 population in 2000 to 54/100 000 population in 2012. Diabetes mellitus type 2 displaced ischaemic heart disease as the largest contributor to attributable deaths, increasing from 31% in 2000 to 42% in 2012.Conclusions. Low physical activity is responsible for a large portion of disease burden in SA. While the decreased attributable death ASR due to low physical activity is encouraging, this burden may be lowered further with an additional reduction in the overall prevalence of physical inactivity, in particular. It is concerning that the attributable burden for diabetes mellitus is growing, which suggests that existing non-communicable disease policies need better implementation, with ongoing surveillance of physical activity, and population- and community-based interventions are required in order to reach set targets.
Una aproximación al concepto de innovación social y a su contribución en los estudios de desarrollo territorial / / / \ \ \ An approach to the concept of social innovation and its contribution to territorial development studies
Authors: Vercher Savall Néstor
Published: October 2022

Resumen: Cada vez son más numerosos los autores que tratan de conceptualizar el fenómeno de la innovación social. La complejidad de los retos sociales contemporáneos ha puesto de manifiesto la necesidad de prestar mayor atención a la dimensión social de los procesos de desarrollo. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo proponer una definición operativa de la innovación social en el marco de los estudios sobre desarrollo territorial. El artículo se inicia con una revisión del origen del término de innovación social y prosigue con un análisis crítico de los diferentes discursos existente en torno a esta noción. La producción científica procedente del ámbito del desarrollo territorial es examinada con particular atención y constituye la base para proponer una conceptualización original. Los resultados del trabajo sitúan las relaciones sociales en el epicentro de los procesos de innovación y desarrollo. Además, se identifican y describen diferentes elementos que conforman los procesos socialmente innovadores, los cuales contribuyen a configurar un marco analítico para su estudio, como el contexto territorial, las redes, los mecanismos de gobernanza o las actitudes.
 
Palabras clave: desarrollo local; relaciones sociales; innovación territorial; actores; gobernanza.
 
Abstract: A growing number of scholars have conceptualised the phenomenon of social innovation. Contemporary social challenges are complex and require greater attention to the social dimension of development processes. This paper aims to design an operational definition of social innovation in the framework of territorial development studies. The origin of the social innovation concept is reviewed in the first part of the article. A critical analysis of the different discourses around this notion is then carried out. The scientific production in the field of territorial development is examined with particular attention and constitutes the basis for the original conceptualisation of social innnovation. In the findings’ section, social relations are placed at the epicenter of innovation and development processes. In addition, different elements of socially innovative processes are identified and described, which contribute to configure an analytical framework for social innovation research, such as the territorial context, networks, governance arrangements or attitudes.
 
Key words: local development; social relations; territorial innovation; actors; governance.
Puesta en valor del patrimonio rural valenciano para su dinamización económica. El caso de Beniatjar (España) / / / \ \ \ Enhancing the value of Valencian rural heritage for its economic dynamisation. The case of Beniatjar (Spain)
Authors: Pla-Bañuls Jaume , Membrado-Tena Joan Carles
Published: October 2022

Resumen: El municipio de Beniatjar (Vall d’Albaida, Valencia), al igual que otros situados en el medio rural, experimenta una pérdida de población. De hecho, en la actualidad está en riesgo alto de despoblamiento. Sin embargo, cuenta con un valioso patrimonio cultural y natural en su montaña, la Serra del Benicadell. Desde un enfoque aplicado y práctico, se desarrolla un proyecto para dinamizar la economía local por medio de la puesta en valor de los recursos patrimoniales del municipio. El objetivo del presente artículo es fomentar la economía de un municipio rural, para que se puedan crear puestos de trabajo vinculados con el entorno, fijar población y mantener los servicios básicos de sanidad y educación. Para desarrollar algunos apartados del proyecto propuesto, se ha trabajado con una metodología multidisciplinar y se ha contado con la participación de la población. Finalmente, se discuten otras propuestas planteadas con actuaciones similares que se han desarrollado exitosamente en municipios vecinos y en otros espacios naturales protegidos en España.
 
Palabras clave: patrimonio cultural, despoblamiento, medio rural, Benicadell.
 
Abstract: The town of Beniatjar (Vall d’Albaida, Valencia), like others located in rural areas, is experiencing a loss of population. In fact, it is currently at high risk of depopulation. However, it has a valuable cultural and natural heritage in its mountain, la Serra del Benicadell. From an applied and practical approach, a project is developed to revitalize the local economy through the enhancement of the heritage resources of the municipality. The aim of this article is to promote the economy of a rural municipality, so that jobs linked to the environment can be created, the population can settle, and basic health and education services can be maintained. In order to develop some sections of the proposed project, we have worked with a multidisciplinary method and have counted on the participation of the population. Finally, other proposals are discussed with similar actions that have been successfully developed in neighboring municipalities and in other protected natural areas in Spain.
 
Key words: cultural heritage, depopulation, rural environment, Benicadell.
DHCR_SmartNet: A smart Devanagari Handwritten Character Recognition using Level-wised CNN Architecture
Authors: Deore Shalaka P.
Published: October 2022

Handwritten Script Recognition is a vital application of Machine Learning domain. Applications like automatic number plate detection, pin code detection and managing historical documents increasing more attention towards handwritten script recognition. English is the most widely spoken language, hence there has been a lot of research into identifying a script using a machine. Devanagari is popular script used by a huge number of people in the Indian Subcontinent. In this paper, level-wised efficient transfer learning approach presented on VGG16 model of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for identification of Devanagari isolated handwritten characters. In this work a new dataset of Devanagari characters is presented and made accessible publicly. Newly created dataset comprises 5800 samples for 12 vowels, 36 consonants and 10 digits. Initially simple CNN is implemented and trained on this new small dataset. In next stage transfer learning approach is implemented on VGG16 model and in last stage fine-tuned efficient VGG16 model is implemented. The training and testing accuracy of fine-tuned model are obtained as 98.16% and 96.47% respectively.
IMPACT OF N-STAGE LATENT DIRICHLET ALLOCATION ON ANALYSIS OF HEADLINE CLASSIFICATION
Authors: Guven Zekeriya Anil , Diri Banu , Cakaloglu Tolgahan
Published: October 2022

Data analysis becomes difficult with the increase of large amounts of data. More specifically, extracting meaningful insights from this vast amount of data and grouping them based on their shared features without human intervention requires advanced methodologies. There are topic modeling methods to overcome this problem in text analysis for downstream tasks, such as sentiment analysis, spam detection, and news classification. In this research, we benchmark several classifiers, namely Random Forest, AdaBoost, Naive Bayes, and Logistic Regression, using the classical LDA and n-stage LDA topic modeling methods for feature extraction in headlines classification. We run our experiments on 3 and 5 classes publicly available Turkish and English datasets. We demonstrate that n-stage LDA as a feature extractor obtains state-of-the-art performance for any downstream classifier. It should also be noted that Random Forest was the most successful algorithm for both datasets.
Targeted metabolomic profiles of serum amino acids and acylcarnitines related to gastric cancer
Authors: Li Dehong , Lu Yan , Zhao Fenghui , Yan Li , Yang Xingwen , Wei Lianhua , Yang Xiaoyan , Yuan Xiumei , Yang Kehu
Published: October 2022

Background

Early diagnosis and treatment are imperative for improving survival in gastric cancer (GC). This work aimed to assess the ability of human serum amino acid and acylcarnitine profiles in distinguishing GC cases from atrophic gastritis (AG) and control superficial gastritis (SG) patients.

Methods

Sixty-nine GC, seventy-four AG and seventy-two SG control patients treated from May 2018 to May 2019 in Gansu Provincial Hospitalwere included. The levels of 42 serum metabolites in the GC, AG and SG groups were detected by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). Then, orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and the Kruskal-Wallis H test were used to identify a metabolomic signature among the three groups. Metabolites with highest significance were examined for further validation. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was carried out for evaluating diagnostic utility.

Results

The metabolomic analysis found adipylcarnitine (C6DC), 3-hydroxy-hexadecanoylcarnitine (C16OH), hexanoylcarnitine (C6), free carnitine (C0) and arginine (ARG) were differentially expressed (all VIP >1) and could distinguish GC patients from AG and SG cases. In comparison with the AG and SG groups, GC cases had significantly higher C6DC, C16OH, C6, C0 and ARG amounts. Jointly quantitating these five metabolites had specificity and sensitivity in GC diagnosis of 98.55% and 99.32%, respectively, with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.9977.

Conclusion

This study indicates C6DC, C16OH, C6, C0 and ARG could effectively differentiate GC cases from AG and SG patients, and may jointly serve as a valuable circulating multi-marker panel for GC detection.
Correlations between muscle strength and psychological health in Chinese adolescents: a cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Lu Jinkui , Sun Hao , Liu Ningling , Qiu Jianhua , Xia Xiaofei
Published: October 2022

Background

Studies indicate that muscle strength is associated with good mental health. However, it remains unclear whether muscle strength is directly correlated with psychological symptoms in Chinese adolescents. Given the declining muscle strength and worrying mental health status of Chinese adolescents, the present study aimed to estimate the correlation between muscle strength and psychological symptoms as well as explore the gender differences in those correlations in Chinese adolescents.

Method

From April to July 2018, a total of 14,344 Chinese adolescents from eight provinces were selected using a stratified clustered sampling method. Psychological symptoms were evaluated using the Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents (MSQA), a verified and validated questionnaire that assesses three psychological areas: emotional symptoms, behavioral symptoms, and social adaptation difficulties. Muscle strength was assessed using grip strength, sit-ups, and standing long jump. The Chi-square test was used to compare the detection rates of the different categories of psychological symptoms. A logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the correlations between muscle strength and psychological symptoms and explore the gender differences in those correlations in Chinese adolescents.

Results

In general, the detection rate of psychological symptoms for Chinese adolescents was 21.39%. Males had a higher detection rate of psychological symptoms (22.12%) than females (20.66%, p < 0.05). Psychological symptoms were present in significantly fewer Chinese adolescents with a muscle strength index >P75 (19.26%) than among Chinese adolescents with a muscle strength index ≤P25 (23.00%) (χ2 = 23.417, p < 0.01). Compared with females, the OR values for males in most groups were over one (OR = 1.04–1.43), indicating that males have a higher risk of psychological symptoms than females.

Conclusions

The psychological symptom detection rate of Chinese adolescents is correlated with muscle strength. Psychological symptoms were more correlated to muscle strength in males than in females. The significance of the present study lies in the important insights for integrated mental and physical fitness intervention strategies that promote muscle strength and psychological symptoms simultaneously.
El lenguaje del lugar remoto en la obra del padre Alberto María de Agostini (1883-1960)
Authors:   Università di Cassino e del Lazio Meridionale (Italia), Bottiglieri Nicola
Published: October 2022

Al describir y fotografiar la Patagonia meridional y la Tierra del Fuego, Alberto de Agostini dilata la categoria de lo sublime natural característico del la literatura romántica europea del siglo XIX. La natu- raleza antártica tiene la misma belleza del mundo visto al día siguiente de la Creación, nunca pisado por hombres. Por lo tanto, en lo “sublime natural americano” se halla una hermosura inédita e impresionante desconocida en Europa. Este ensayo analiza las modalidades narrativas a través de las cuales se describe esta naturaleza primigenia.
CURRENT TRENDS IN PERSONNEL DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT IN THE FIELD OF HOUSING AND COMMUNAL SERVICES IN A CHANGING VUCA ENVIRONMENT
Authors: KONYEV Anna , DOLGALOVA Olena
Published: October 2022

The article considers the main trends in the management of personnel development in the sphere of housing and communal services in the changing VUCA environment in Ukraine and developed European countries. The article analyzes the main reasons for changes occurring in the practice of personnel management in the sphere of housing and communal services. The article considers models of human resource management in the conditions of transition to the principles of “lean management” in the sphere of housing and communal services. Modern and rational lean-technologies are analyzed and a functional model of personnel development and training under the conditions of “lean management” in the field of housing and communal services is developed. As a result, project proposals for the rationalization of staff activities in the implementation of “lean management” in a volatile VUCA environment in the field of housing and communal services are presented.
Annona muricata (Graviola) (Annonaceae): Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Future Directions, a Review
Authors: Mbuyi Patience Lunkondo , Assumani Idrissa Zabo , Ntezolo John Za Nza , Kabasele Dorah Mwenyi , Wale Innocent Shongo , Massamba Panazale , Lesse Victorine Mbo , Kiala Randy Isaya , Nzinga Philipe Sansi , Bongo Richard Mananga , Mbembo Blaise Mbembo Wa , Divengi Jean-Paul Nzambi , Mukeba Florent Biduaya , Longo Benjamin Mbenza , Lusakibanza Mariano Manzo , Mutwale Paulin Kapepula , Mesia Gauthier Kahunu
Published: October 2022

Aims: Promote Annona muricata (Graviola) and provide information on its phytochemistry and bioactivity.

Study Design: Multidisciplinary advanced bibliographic surveys, utilization of ChemBioDraw software package, and dissemination of the resulted knowledge.

Place and Duration of Study: UR73, Development in Pedagogy and Health, Interdisciplinary Research Center of the National Pedagogical University, National Pedagogical University, Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, between June 2021 and July 2022.

Methodology: A bibliographic review was carried out to acquire information on the pharmacognosy and phytochemistry of A. muricata from various electronic databases (PubMed, PubMed Central, Science Direct and Google Scholar). The terms phytochemistry, pharmacognosy and the scientific name of this plant species were used as keywords for the search. The ChemBioDraw Ultra 15.0 software package was used to draw the chemical structures of natural compounds of A. muricata.

Results: From the results obtained, it should be noted that A. muricata is traditionally used as an analgesic or stimulant. Various studies inform that this plant has various pharmacological properties such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, antihelminthic, cytotoxic, antipyretic, analgesic, healing and anti-sickling effects. Many natural phytochemicals like tannins, alkaloids, phenols, glycosides, flavonoids and steroids are responsible for its properties.

Conclusion: This review therefore helps to inform future research on the design and development of new relevant drugs from A. muricata to improve human health and well-being. Especially drug candidates for the treatment of cancer and tuberculosis.
Improving Resource Utilization Efficiency and Productivity in Rice-wheat Cropping System through Cutting Edge Technologies: An Overview
Authors: Tiwari Himanshu , Naresh R. K. , Debangshi Udit , Roy Shalini , Reddy B. Rajeswara , Vismaya G. U. , Sharma Tarun , Singh Akashdeep , Singh Arjun
Published: October 2022

Rice-wheat cropping system is one of the major cropping system practiced in South Asia on 13.5 m hectares area, 10.3 million hectares of which are in the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP). The Indian Rice-Wheat Cropping System (RWCS) accounts for more than 70% of the country’s total grain production which is essential for ensuring national food security. Widely used RCT known as Zero Tillage (ZT) in which wheat is directly sown into the undisturbed soil after rice harvested. The Adoption of Furrow Irrigated Raised Bed System (FIRBS) in wheat production saves 30-40% water, seed use by 25-30% and nutrients use by 25% without reducing yield. The RCTs involve residue management (mainly residue retention), crop diversification and no- or minimum tillage with direct seeding and bed planting. AWD in rice save water by 10 to 30% while reducing seepage and deep drainage losses and Brown manuring is highly beneficial for weed control, water and soil conservation and nutrient supplementation. The cultivation of aerobic rice is a new system of growing in non-flooded, non-puddled soils, with high external inputs using innovative technique of aerobic rice that require less water than transplanted rice. A simple and inexpensive diagnostic tool leaf colour chart can be used for monitoring the relative greenness as a measure of the plant N status. Thus, it can be concluded that RCT adoption improving soil health, water use efficiency and nutrient use efficiency with higher sustained yields which leads to sustainable improvements in RWCS. By saving on labour, time, diesel, fertilisers, pesticides, and farm power, resource conservation technologies lower the cost of farming and also lessen environmental pollution.
Tying Innovation to Evaluation and Accountability in Programs to Address Intersecting Health and Social Needs
Authors: Baicker Katherine , McConnell Margaret
Published: October 2022

This JAMA Forum advocates for rigorous assessment of the effectiveness of programs and initiatives addressing health-related social needs to improve health outcomes.
Association of the COVID-19 Pandemic With Prehospital Characteristics and Outcomes of Pediatric Patients With Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Japan, 2005-2020
Authors: Zha Ling , Hosomi Sanae , Kiyohara Kosuke , Sobue Tomotaka , Kitamura Tetsuhisa
Published: October 2022

This cohort study investigates the association of the COVID-19 pandemic with prehospital characteristics and outcomes of pediatric patients with out-of-hospital-cardiac arrest in Japan.
Surrogacy of Pathologic Complete Response in Trials of Neoadjuvant Therapy for Early Breast Cancer
Authors: Conforti Fabio , Pala Laura , Bagnardi Vincenzo , De Pas Tommaso , Colleoni Marco , Buyse Marc , Hortobagyi Gabriel , Gianni Luca , Winer Eric , Loibl Sibylle , Cortes Javier , Piccart Martine , Wolff Antonio C. , Viale Giuseppe , Gelber Richard D.
Published: October 2022

Importance

The pathologic complete response (pCR) is supported by regulatory agencies as a surrogate end point for long-term patients’ clinical outcomes in the accelerated approval process of new drugs tested in neoadjuvant randomized clinical trials (RCTs) for early breast cancer (BC). However, a meaningful association between pCR and patients’ survival has been proven only at the patient level (ie, significantly better survival of patients who achieved pCR compared with those who did not), but not at trial level (ie, poor association between degree of improvement in pCR rate and survival reported across trials).

Observations

We critically discuss the potential reasons of such discrepancy between pCR surrogacy value at the patient and trial level, as well as the relevant implications for both clinical research and drug regulatory policy. We also describe alternative surrogate end points, including combined end points that jointly analyzed pathological response and event-free survival data, or the assessment of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). Such proposed surrogate end points could overcome limits of pCR and provide a reasonable trade-off between the 2 conflicting needs to have access to effective therapies rapidly, and to reliably assess patients’ clinical benefit.

Conclusions and Relevance

Using surrogate end points to grant drug approvals is justified only when they can provide accurate prediction of a drug’s effect on the long-term patient outcomes. Evidence currently available does not support pCR used alone as a reliable surrogate end point in regulatory neoadjuvant RCTs for BC. The surrogacy value at trial level of potentially more robust surrogate end points needs to be urgently tested.
Abdominal Extrarenal Involvement in Erdheim-Chester Disease in a Cohort of 304 Patients
Authors: Dray Benjamin , Emile Jean-François , Cohen-Aubart Fleur , Amoura Zahir , Wagner Mathilde , Haroche Julien , Lucidarme Olivier
Published: October 2022

This cohort study estimates the prevalence of nonretroperitoneal abdominal organ involvement in Erdheim-Chester disease in a large cohort of patients.
Association Between Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Peeri Noah C. , Landicino Marco V. , Saldia C. Amethyst , Kurtz Robert C. , Rolston Vineet S. , Du Mengmeng
Published: October 2022

This case-control study sought to confirm the exploratory finding of an association between polycystic ovary syndrome and risk of pancreatic cancer.
Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma With Orbital Extension
Authors: Park Kathryn S. , Guo Theresa , Liu Catherine Y.
Published: October 2022

A 72-year-old homeless man was referred for management of a recurrent cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the right temple and brow. He was seen again 5 months later with an enlarged crusting and ulcerating lesion of the right temple/brow. What would you do next?
An Electrochemical‐Electret Coupled Organic Synapse with Single‐Polarity Driven Reversible Facilitation‐to‐Depression Switching
Authors: Wang Hanlin , Chen Yusheng , Ni Zhenjie , Samorì Paolo
Published: October 2022

Neuromorphic engineering and artificial intelligence demands hardware elements that emulates synapse algorithms. During the last decade electrolyte‐gated organic conjugated materials have been explored as a platform for artificial synapses for neuromorphic computing. Unlike biological synapses, in current devices the synaptic facilitation and depression are triggered by voltages with opposite polarity. To enhance the reliability and simplify the operation of the synapse without lowering its sophisticated functionality, here, an electrochemical‐electret coupled organic synapse (EECS) possessing a reversible facilitation‐to‐depression switch, is devised. Electret charging counterbalances channel conductance changes due to electrochemical doping, inducing depression without inverting the gate polarity. Overall, EECS functions as a threshold‐controlled synaptic switch ruled by its amplitude‐dependent, dual‐modal operation, which can well emulate information storage and erase as in real synapses. By varying the energy level offset between the channel material and the electret, the EECS's transition threshold can be adjusted for specific applications, e.g., imparting additional light responsiveness to the device operation. The novel device architecture represents a major step forward in the development of artificial organic synapses with increased functional complexity and it opens new perspectives toward the fabrication of abiotic neural networks with higher reliability, efficiency, and endurance.
Synthesis of 3‐(2‐Hydroxyaryl)indazole Derivatives through Radical O‐Arylation and [3,3]‐Rearrangement from N‐Hydroxyindazoles and Diaryliodonium Salts
Authors: Nie Shu‐Min , Zhang Xu , Wang Zhi‐Xin , Su Gui‐Fa , Pan Cheng‐Xue , Mo Dong‐Liang
Published: October 2022

A variety of functionalized 3‐(2‐hydroxyaryl)indazoles and N‐(tetrahydrofuran‐2‐yl)‐3‐(2‐hydroxyaryl)indazoles were prepared in moderate to good yields through a transition metal‐free radical O‐arylation and sequential [3,3]‐rearrangement cascade strategy from N‐hydroxyindazoles and diaryliodonium salts. The equivalents of diaryliodonium salts controlled the formation of the product structures. Mechanistic studies revealed that the O‐arylation and N−O bond cleavage via [3,3]‐rearrangement involved an intermolecular radical process. The reaction tolerated various sensitive functional groups, such as halides, ester, and aldehyde groups.

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Rhodium‐Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling of Potassium Vinyltrifluoroborate with Arenes: A Direct Access to Functionalized Styrene Derivatives
Authors: Ma Wenbo , Wang Yang , Li Bo , Zhou Yunhao , Xu Yue , Sun Yanan , Gu Linghui , Cheng An
Published: October 2022

Herein, we report a Rh(III)‐catalyzed direct alkenylation of arenes with readily available vinyltrifluoroborate to direct access to functionalized styrenes. This method tolerates a wide range of functional groups in 33 examples with excellent site‐ and regioselectivity under mild conditions. The synthetic utility was demonstrated through the further transformation of thus‐obtained functionalized styrenes. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicated that the reaction probably proceeds through an Rh(III)‐catalyzed C−H activation/Suzuki coupling pathway.

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Pincer‐Ruthenium Catalyzed Oxygen Mediated Dehydrative Etherification of Alcohols and Ortho‐Alkylation of Phenols
Authors: Das Kanu , Yasmin Eileen , Kumar Akshai
Published: October 2022

In the current report, a dehydration strategy has been formulated for the selective etherification of secondary alcohols catalyzed by NNN pincer‐ruthenium(II) carbonyl complexes based on bis(imino)pyridine ligands in the presence of molecular oxygen under solvent‐free and base‐free conditions at 140 °C. Under these conditions, very high yields (up to 92%, ca. 6133 TON) of the corresponding ethers are obtained at a very low catalyst loading (ca. 0.015 mol%). Mechanistic studies provide key evidence for the various events that occur during the catalytic cycle. While iodometric titration gives quantitative proof for the liberation of hydrogen peroxide in catalytic amounts and hence confirms the role of oxygen as a co‐catalyst, DFT, HRMS, IR and 13C NMR analysis are indicative of the non‐labile nature of the ancillary CO ligand. On the other hand, DFT, NMR and HRMS studies reveal the hemi‐labile nature of the pincer‐ligand in the presence of oxygen. EPR analysis provide conclusive evidence for generation of Ru(III) species via single electron transfer (SET) from O2. Apparently the Ru(III) species (Ph2NN)RuCl2(CO)(OH) is the resting‐state of the etherification reaction and several of its derivatives have been detected by HRMS analysis. The pincer‐ruthenium catalyzed etherification of 1‐phenyl ethanol has been successfully extended not only to various aromatic secondary alcohols but also to the cross‐etherification and/or o‐alkylation of 1‐phenyl ethanols with a variety of phenols. Readily available oxygen and tiny amounts (0.015 mol%) of pincer‐Ru catalyst are the only requirement for this atom‐economical and environmentally benign dehydrative etherification reaction which apparently has not been reported thus far.

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Long‐term outcomes of staged liver resection for synchronous liver metastases from colorectal cancer and the clinical impact of early recurrence: A single‐center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kasai Shunsuke , Ashida Ryo , Sugiura Teiichi , Ohgi Katsuhisa , Yamada Mihoko , Otsuka Shimpei , Kagawa Hiroyasu , Shiomi Akio , Kinugasa Yusuke , Uesaka Katsuhiko
Published: October 2022

Aim

This study was undertaken to evaluate the long‐term outcomes of staged liver resection for synchronous liver metastases (SLM) from colorectal cancer (CRC), and to elucidate the prognostic impact and predictors of early recurrence (ER), which was defined as recurrence within 6 mo.

Methods

Patients with SLM from CRC, except for initially unresectable SLM, from January 2013 to December 2020 were included. First, overall survival (OS) and relapse‐free survival (RFS) after staged liver resection were evaluated. Second, eligible patients were classified as follows: patients who were unresectable after resection of CRC (UR), patients with ER, and patients without ER (non‐ER), and their OS after resection of CRC were compared. In addition, risk factors for ER were identified.

Results

The 3‐y OS and RFS rates after resection of SLM were 78.8% and 30.8%, respectively. Next, the eligible patients were classified as follows: ER (N = 24), non‐ER (N = 56), and UR (N = 24). The non‐ER group had a significantly better OS than the ER (3‐y OS: 89.7% vs 48.0%, P = .001) and UR (3‐y OS: 89.7% vs 61.6%, P < .001) groups, while there was no significant difference between the ER and UR groups in OS (3‐y OS: 48.0% vs 61.6%, P = .638). Increasing carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) before and after resection of CRC was identified as an independent risk factor for ER.

Conclusion

Staged liver resection for SLM from CRC was feasible and useful for oncological evaluation, as changes in CEA could predict ER, which was associated with a poor prognosis.