bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Publication, Testing and Visualization with EFES: A tool for all stages of the EpiDoc XML editing process
Authors: Bodard Gabriel , Yordanova Polina
Published: December 2020

"EpiDoc is a set of recommendations, schema and other tools for the encoding of ancient texts, especially inscriptions and papyri, in TEI XML, that is now used by upwards of a hundred projects around the world, and large numbers of scholars seek training in EpiDoc encoding every year. The EpiDoc Front-End Services tool (EFES) was designed to fill the important need for a publication solution for researchers and editors who have produced EpiDoc encoded texts but do not have access to digital humanities support or a well-funded IT service to produce a publication for them. This paper will discuss the use of EFES not only for final publication, but as a tool in the editing and publication workflow, by editors of inscriptions, papyri and similar texts including those on coins and seals. The edition visualisations, indexes and search interface produced by EFES are able to serve as part of the validation, correction and research apparatus for the author of an epigraphic corpus, iteratively improving the editions long before final publication. As we will argue, this research process is a key component of epigraphic and papyrological editing practice, and studying these needs will help us to further enhance the effectiveness of EFES as a tool. To this end we also plan to add three major functionalities to the EFES toolbox: (1) date visualisation and filter—building on the existing “date slider,” and inspired by partner projects such as Pelagios and Godot; (2) geographic visualization features, again building on Pelagios code, allowing the display of locations within a corpus or from a specific set of search results in a map; (3) export of information and metadata from the corpus as Linked Open Data, following the recommendations of projects such as the Linked Places format, SNAP, Chronontology and Epigraphy.info, to enable the semantic sharing of data within and beyond the field of classical and historical editions. Finally, we will discuss the kinds of collaboration that will be required to bring about desired enhancements to the EFES toolset, especially in this age of research-focussed, short-term funding. Embedding essential infrastructure work of this kind in research applications for specific research and publication projects will almost certainly need to be part of the solution. Keywords: Text Encoding, Ancient Texts, Epigraphy, Papyrology, Digital Publication, Linked Open Data, Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations"
DaT18 Database: A Prosopographical Approach to the Study of the Social Structures of Religious Dissent in Mid-Eighteenth-Century Transylvania
Authors: Nedici Radu
Published: December 2020

"Drawing on the many records created by the Habsburg state during the confessional troubles in Transylvania from the 1740s to the 1760s, the DaT18 project merges digital instruments and prosopography to arrive at sketching the social pattern of the Orthodox leadership. This article briefly discusses the technical choices involved in building the relational database that my approach centres on, before talking in more detail about the challenges faced when transposing the information in the primary sources into digital format. First, the question of making use of structured vs. unstructured data, as most of the documents I work with already present some form of tabular layout, while the more narrative ones require different strategies to mitigate losses when converting them. Secondly, the difficult process of record linkage, with many of the persons only mentioned by their first name and no surname to help label each individual entered in more than one source. Lastly, the daunting task of estimating economic resources, since there was no reliable standard in an age that saw four different fiscal systems in use and many regional flavours within the same scheme.

Keywords: prosopography, relational database, clerical careers, data structuring, Greek Orthodox Church."
El clan Chiarini: migración y falsificación de dinero en América del Sur, 1890-1910
Authors: Galeano Diego
Published: December 2020

Por medio de la trayectoria de una familia de italianos dedicados al negocio de la fabricación y circulación de dinero falso, este artículo revisita el problema del vínculo entre migración y delito en la América del Sur del cambio de siglo. Tomando distancia de la historiografía que aborda ese nexo como un tópico criminalizante del discurso de las elites (políticas, jurídicas y médicas), sugiere tomar otro camino: al interrogarse por la perspectiva de los propios falsificadores, surgen nuevas preguntas sobre la manera en que los inmigrantes se relacionaban con el dinero en las fronteras tenues entre estrategias legales e ilegales de acumulación. El mercado de los billetes falsos permite entrar a ese mundo atravesado por confianzas y desconfianzas, transacciones y traiciones, solidaridades étnicas y lazos de parentesco. A los fabricantes, intermediarios y circuladores de billetes falsos se le suman otros actores clave como detectives policiales, agentes diplomáticos, cronistas de la prensa, comerciantes y funcionarios de los bancos. De esos múltiples cruces surgen las principales fuentes documentales del trabajo: escritos policiales y periodísticos, archivos judiciales y diplomáticos de distintas ciudades del espacio atlántico sudamericano dan cuenta de las conexiones transnacionales que marcaban el ritmo de este negocio de la falsificación de dinero.
Sherlock Holmes en Brasil: Elysio de Carvalho y la circulación de saberes policiales entre Europa y América del Sur a principios del siglo XX
Authors: Rodrigues de Oliveira Marília
Published: December 2020

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la emergencia de saberes policiales por medio de la trayectoria del director de la Oficina de Identificación y Estadística de Río de Janeiro, Elysio de Carvalho. Este funcionario colocó bajo escrutinio los llamados delitos económicos, así como sobre los falsificadores que actuaban en la capital federal brasileña. A través del análisis de las publicaciones policiales y los intercambios de correspondencia entre criminólogos, se explica la circulación de saberes entre las policías sudamericanas y europeas en torno a los delitos que ponían en riesgo la propiedad privada de individuos, así como el patrimonio de las compañías de seguro y bancos, entre otras instituciones capitalistas.
La delincuencia económica en Chile: antecedentes teóricos e históricos sobre los “ladrones de levita y guante”, 1880-1920
Authors: Palma Alvarado Daniel
Published: December 2020

El artículo realiza una aproximación a los delitos económicos, a la fecha escasamente problematizados desde el campo de la historia social y cultural del delito. Por una parte, presenta algunas de las conceptualizaciones de este fenómeno y revisa su pertinencia para el análisis histórico. Por otra, ofrece un estudio de caso anclado en Chile durante las décadas finales del siglo XIX  y las primeras del siglo XX.Las fuentes incluyen literatura teórica, prensa y expedientes judiciales que permiten identificar los elementos constitutivos de estos delitos y algunas representaciones sociales, con énfasis en una selección de prensa satírica y popular.El aporte del artículo consiste en visibilizar una serie de prácticas de larga duración que, sugerimos, han estado en la base del proceso de construcción y reproducción del orden social y económico capitalista hasta el día de hoy.
Estudiar la desigualdad: contribuciones de historia
Authors: Klein Herbert S.
Published: December 2020

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La oposición préterito perfecto simple versus préterito imperfecto: una propuesta cognitivo-prototípica
Authors: Funes María Soledad , Poggio Anabella Laura
Published: December 2020

En el marco del enfoque cognitivo prototípico, que parte del presupuesto de que la sintaxis está motivada por la semántica y la pragmática, el presente trabajo sostiene la hipótesis de que en la oposición entre pretérito perfecto simple (pps) y pretérito imperfecto (pi), cada tiempo verbal tiene un conjunto de atributos semánticos que lo definen, dependiendo del contexto de uso y del objetivo comunicativo de los hablantes. Estos atributos no sólo se relacionan con el aspecto verbal, sino también con la función discursiva. Para comprobar la hipótesis, analizamos cuantitativa y cualitativamente los usos de pps y pi en un corpus de textos narrativos.
El marcador metadiscursivo de control de contacto ¿cierto? ¿un fenómeno hispanoamericano?
Authors: Falusi Kinga
Published: December 2020

Los trabajos que comentan el uso de ¿cierto? y ¿no es cierto? los clasifican generalmente como marcadores que se usan en el español americano actual. Este trabajo investiga la hipótesis según la cual se trataría de un hispanoamericanismo. Para este efecto, se analizan datos diacrónicos provenientes del Corpus del Nuevo diccionario histórico (CDH), que incluye tanto textos europeos como americanos. En concreto, se analizan seis construcciones interrogativas con cierto, utilizadas a partir del siglo xii y se pone de manifiesto que la evolución diacrónica de ¿no es cierto? y ¿cierto? se mueve hacia diferentes direcciones: la forma explícita ¿no es cierto? asoma, por primera vez, en España. Se trata, pues, de una tradición peninsular que surge alrededor del siglo xvii. De allí pasa al Nuevo Mundo, donde se desarrolla en el siglo xix la forma corta ¿cierto? Por tanto, la forma abreviada es, efectivamente, un hispanoamericanismo.
Diálogo y novela corta en el siglo XVII: La guía y avisos de forasteros (1620) de Liñán y Verdugo
Authors: González Ramírez David
Published: December 2020

En este trabajo se revisan las definiciones que la crítica ha dado para explicar la Guía y avisos de forasteros (1620) de Liñán y Verdugo y se plantea un análisis a partir de su hibridación formal (diálogo catequístico, narraciones breves enmarcadas a partir del recurso de la sobremesa) y temática apicarada (por cuanto se tratan los peligros que representan en la corte los maleantes, pedigüeños, pícaras, etc.). Además, se pone en relación con otras obras coetáneas para entender mejor su constitución como colección de relatos.
Vidas anónimas con sus infinitas raíces: Misericordia en las lecturas de María Zambrano
Authors: Muñoz Covarrubias Pablo
Published: December 2020

La España de Galdós de María Zambrano se publicó en 1960. Sin embargo, se trata de un volumen escrito a lo largo de varias décadas. La escritora y filósofa ya había publicado en Hora de España, en 1938, un ensayo en que destacaba la importancia de Misericordia y la relevancia de Galdós como escritor. La intención de las siguientes páginas es exponer las maneras en que Zambrano leyó y convirtió en símbolos los componentes de la novela galdosiana, al tiempo que se esbozan algunas comparaciones entre sus diversas perspectivas y las opiniones de otros escritores acerca del propio Galdós. Esta metodología permitirá comprender la originalidad del planteamiento de Zambrano.
El nacimiento de un género: José Emilio Pacheco en el Excélsior
Authors: Olea Franco Rafael
Published: December 2020

Este trabajo examina algunos de los textos publicados por el escritor mexicano José Emilio Pacheco (1939-2014) en el diario Excélsior, a partir del 5 de agosto de 1973, en una columna semanal titulada “inventario”. Se trata de escritos heterogéneos, donde se mezclan la crónica (literaria e histórica), la ficción e incluso la poesía. Aunque con interrupciones, esta columna se publicó hasta el 4 de julio de 1976; se reanudó a fines de ese mismo año, en la recién inaugurada revista Proceso, en la cual se consolidó y se convirtió en una marca identitaria del autor. Aquí se sostiene que los rasgos generales de todo el conjunto de los “inventarios” de Pacheco son visibles ya en esa primera etapa de Excélsior.
SISI FEMINIM WANITA SEBAGAI IDE PENCIPTAAN SENI LUKIS
Authors: Hasibuan Reza Pratisca
Published: December 2020

Manusia diciptakan dengan berbagai macam rupa dan bentuk yang berbeda-beda. Setiap bagian tubuhnyapun memiliki fungsi serta kegunaannya tersendiri. Begitu juga dengan wanita, karena setiap wanita memiliki karakteristiknya sendiri-sendiri. Kecantikan yang dimiliki bukan hanya yang terlihat dari luar atau secara fisik saja, namun juga dari dalam hatinya, itu merupakan hal yang terpenting untuk terus dijaga. Kemajuan teknologi serta sosial media yang semakin banyak, semakin mempermudah wanita untuk mendapatkan kecantikan yang diinginkan. Kecantikan yang didapatkan secara instan, seperti operasi plastik misalnya, yang menjadi sebagai sarana untuk memuaskan keinginan wanita dalam segi penampilan fisik yang maksimal. Tidak peduli hal itu dapat merusak tubuhnya atau tidak, dapat merugikan diri sendiri atau tidak, yang terpenting adalah agar mereka mendapatkan apa yang diinginkan secara cepat dan mudah. Dari peristiwa-peristiwa tersebut maka hadirlah judul Wanita sebagai ide dalam penulisan ini dan dihadirkan dalam bentuk karya dua dimensional. Diharapkan melalui karya ini dapat memberikan wawasan baru serta penyadaran bahwa kecantikan bukan hanya yang terlihat di luar saja namun juga dalam hati setiap wanita.Kata kunci: Wanita, Kecantikan, Lukis.
Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Arkeologi di Pulau Haruku dan Saparua, Kabupaten Maluku Tengah
Authors: Surbakti Karyamantha
Published: December 2020

Abstract.

The management of cultural heritage in various parts of Indonesia is still a major issue that is often used in many studies of Cultural Resource Management. Problems that arise often intersect with matters of identity, authenticity, and authority that directly target the cultural heritage. The three things mentioned above are significant in seeing the root of the problem, about how cultural heritage with physical appearances has not been included in the list of cultural heritage. This research is an exploratory survey conducted in Haruku and Saparua Islands, or known locally as Lease Islands. The purpose of this study is to share about public archaeology to the community and stakeholders, based on the management issues in several old mosques and colonial heritage fortresses in Haruku and Saparua Islands. The method used in this study was by collecting data in the form of photographs and geographical degrees, as well as conducting interviews with local people. The result of this research hopefully will benefit the community and stakeholders when doing archaeological management system of those heritage buildings.

Keywords: Management, Significant Value, Archaeological Resources, Mollucas, Haruku and Saparua Islands

Abstrak.

Permasalahan pengelolaan tinggalan warisan budaya (heritage) di berbagai wilayah Indonesia menjadi isu utama yang kerap digunakan dalam banyak studi culture resource management. Permasalahan yang muncul sering bersinggungan dengan hal identitas, otentisitas, dan otoritas yang langsung menyasar warisan budaya tersebut. Ketiga hal yang disebutkan di atas tersebut sering menjadi hal ikhwal dalam melihat akar permasalahan, bagaimana suatu warisan budaya, terutama yang berupa bangunan belum dimasukkan dalam daftar cagar budaya. Penelitian ini bersifat survei eksploratif yang dilakukan di Pulau-pulau Lease, yaitu Haruku dan Saparua. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendistribusikan pengetahuan arkeologi, khususnya pemahaman arkelogi publik. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan di lapangan adalah pengumpulan data berupa foto, keletakan geografis, dan pengumpulan data oral hasil wawancara terhadap informan secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah berkenaan otentisitas Masjid Tua Rohomoni, Benteng New Zelandia di Pulau Haruku, dan Duurstede di Pulau Saparua yang masih cukup terjaga keasliannya karena masyarakat dan stakeholder lain di sekitar situs menganggap semua bangunan tersebut bernilai penting yang harus dikelola dengan sistem manajemen arkeologi yang berbasis nilai penting pula.

Kata kunci: Pengelolaan, Nilai Penting, Sumber Daya Arkeologi, Maluku, Pulau Haruku dan Saparua
MAHENDRADATTA: HER ROLES BASED ON ARCHEOLOGICAL INSCRIPTIONS VIEWED FROM FEMINISM APPROACH
Authors: Alnoza Muhamad
Published: December 2020

Berkaitan dengan penelitian yang kerap dilakukan dalam kajian epigrafi, masa Hindu-Buddha menjadi masa yang seringkali dijadikan bahan kajian para ahli epigrafi. Salah satu masa dalam Hindu-Buddha yang menjadi fokus pada penelitian ini adalah masa Dinasti Isana di Jawa Timur. Selama kekuasaan Dinasti Isana, raja-raja yang berkuasa banyak melakukan inisiasi hubungan diplomasi dengan kerajaan asing. Pembinaan hubungan dengan bangsa asing yang dilakukukan Dinasti Isana sebelum Airlangga berkuasa juga rupanya diikuti pula dengan pembinaan hubungan politik dengan kerajaan Nusantara, yaitu Kerajaan Bali yang dikuasai oleh Dinasti Warmadewa. Mahendradatt? sebagai perempuan berkuasa yang hidup dalam pusaran politik kerajaan Isana (Jawa) dan Bali, telah meninggalkan beberapa tinggalan berupa prasasti-prasasti baik di Jawa maupun di Bali. Prasasti yang ditinggalkan memunculkan suatu pertanyaan mengenai apa peranan dari seorang perempuan berkuasa seperti Mahendradatt? dalam menjalankan hubungan politik antara Jawa dan Bali berdasarkan data prasasti? Metode yang digunakan dalam  menjawab pertanyaan tersebut terdiri dari beberapa tahapan, antara lain tahap formulasi, pengumpulan data, analisis dan interpretasi. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa prasasti, diantaranya Prasasti Pucangan Sansekerta (Jawa), Buahan  A, Serai A II, Batur Abang A, Sading A dan Bebetin A2. Kesemuanya kemudian di analisis melalui deskripsi isi prasasti. Isi prasasti kemudian diinterpretasi dengan landasan teori arkeologi feminisme.
 
Inscription is a source of writing that is often used by archaeologist to reconstruct past cultures. The study of inscriptions is called epigraphy. The Hindu-Budhist period is one of the periods in which epigraphy is practiced. The current study is focused on the 10th and 11th centuries Isana Kingdom of East Java. In the 10th and 11th centuries, the kingdom had diplomatic relations with several other kingdoms, one of which was with Bali. Mahedradatta as a powerful woman who lived in the political vortex of the Isana Kingdom (Java) was a figure who helped foster diplomatic relations through marriage to King Udayana. The inscription issued by Mahedradatta begs the question of how powerful this woman was in the context of Javanese and Balinese ties. The method used is the archaeological observations, including data collection, analysis and interpretation. The data used in this study include Sanskrit Pucangan Inscription (Java), Bwahan A, Batur Pura Abang A, Sading A and Bebetin A2. The contents of the inscription were the interpreted based on feminism approach. The variables employed cover gender and ethnicity of Mahendratta.
KONTRIBUSI DATA BARU PULAU-PULAU KECIL PERAIRAN UTARA JAWA DALAM ARKEOLOGI PRASEJARAH INDONESIA
Authors: Alifah Alifah
Published: December 2020

Sejauh ini penelitian arkeologi prasejarah di pulau kecil banyak dilakukan di wilayah Wallacea. Penelitian tersebut menghasilkan banyak pengetahuan yang berkaitan dengan tema migrasi, perkembangan budaya. Sementara penelitian sejenis di wilayah lain seperti pulau-pulau kecil di utara Jawa belum banyak dilakukan. Hal ini dimunginkan karena pandangan bahwa kondisi pulau-pulau tersebut dianggap sama dengan Jawa. Padahal pada kenyataanya pulau-pulau tersebut secara geokronologis telah terpisah dengan Jawa setidaknya sejak awal holosen dan secara budaya memiliki keragaman yang berbeda pula.Tulisan ini berupaya menyajikan hasil penelitian terbaru di Pulau Kangean dan beberapa pulau lain sebagai salah satu pulau kecil di utara Jawa, dan berupaya untuk mendudukan data tersebut dalam konteks arkeologi prasejarah di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini berasal dari hasil penelitian terbaru yang dilakukan tahun 2018 dan 2019 (data primer) dan studi pustaka (data sekunder) untuk memperoleh gambaran arkeologi prasejarah Indonesia.Temuan sisa manusia dan budayanya di situs Gua Arca Kangean secara kronologis dan teknologis dapat dimasukkan dalam konteks budaya preneolitik. Demikian juga temuan budaya lainya di Pulau Madura dan Bawean. Informasi baru ini melengkapi gambaran kehidupan masa prasejarah di Indonesia.
Economic Interests of Media in the Coverage of the News Value of Sex on the Harian Rakyat Aceh
Authors: M. Syam Hamdani , Anisah Nur , Saleh Rahmat , Rani Usman Abdul , Khairani Dini
Published: December 2020

In addition to having the freedom to spread news to the public, the press also have the freedom to search and process news. In exercising that freedom, journalists always consider that news must be interesting so that people want to read it. The media coverage of sex, including stories on rape, sexual harassment, adultery, cheating, and sordid topics, is a news value that has a high rating for people. Sometimes in the economic interests of the media, journalists violate the norms and ethics of the news. This study is aimed to examine through content analysis the coverage of sex in the Harian Rakyat Aceh newspaper, which from January to April 26 featured 54 articles related to sex. This study examined this coverage in the context of Indonesia’s implementation of the journalistic code of ethics. Indonesian journalists are prohibited from mixing facts and opinions and from reporting sadistic and obscene news. Using the Holsti formula, inter-coder reliability resulted in a CR of 0.99, showing strong reliability. After data collection, coding sheets were analyzed using SPSS software to determine the results of each category. This study found that the news value of the 54 articles in the Harian Rakyat Aceh newspaper is considered to have violated the journalistic code of ethics. Thus, it can be assumed that there is an economic interest in the media’s reporting of sex in that newspaper.
Seroprevalensi Brucellosis dan Tingkat Gangguan Reproduksi Pada Sapi Perah di Kota Batu
Authors: Setianingrum Ani , Fatmawati Mira , Firmawati Aulia , Qosimah Dahliatul , Dameanti Fidi Nur Aini  E P , Islami Wahyu , Kurniawati Utami , Andriyani Lisa D
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to measure the incidence rate of brucellosis in dairy cattle at Batu City based onserological tests (seroprevalence) and to determine the relationship between the incidence ofbrucellosis and reproductive disorders. Cross-sectional epidemiological research was conducted todetermine the prevalence of brucellosis in dairy cows. Serum samples were obtained from 130dairy cows over 6 months of age, reproductive disorders data using a questionnaire on 21 farmers.Serological testing used the Rose Bengal Test (RBT) and continued with the Complement FixationTest (CFT). The data analysis used Pearson's Chi-Square correlation statistical test. Theseroprevalence of brucellosis at Batu City was 0.7%. The prevalence of reproductive disorders indairy cows was 29.2% consisted of 8.5% abortion and 20.8% repeated mating. There was acorrelation between brucellosis and the incidence of abortion (2 = 10.90; P<0.05) and a correlation between the incidence of abortion and the age more than 3 years (2 = 5.35; P<0.05). The conclusion of this study showed that the prevalence of brucellosis at Batu city was low (<2%).The results of this study could be used as the basis for implementing a vaccination program anderadicating brucellosis at East Java
Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients (Latvia, Spring 2020)
Authors:   Rīga Stradiņš University, Department of Infectious diseases, Viksna Ludmila , Kolesova Oksana , Kolesovs Aleksandrs , Vanaga Ieva , Arutjunana Seda
Published: December 2020

Data include following variables: Demographics, epidemiological history, comorbidities, diagnosis, complications, and symptoms on admission to the hospital. Also, body’s temperature and SpO2. Blood cells: white cells count (WBC), neutrophils (Neu), lymphocytes (Ly), eosinophils (Eo) and monocytes (Mo), percentages of segmented and banded neutrophils, erythrocytes (RBC), platelet count (PLT), hemoglobin (Hb), and hematocrit (HCT); Inflammatory indicators: erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP); Tissue damage indicators: alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and troponin T (TnT); Electrolytes: potassium and sodium concentration; Renal function indicators: creatinine and glomerular filtration rate (GFR); Coagulation tests: D-dimer, prothrombin time, and prothrombin index on admission to the hospital.
Wpisy nr 544 i 548 w części I tomu VIII Starodawnych Prawa Polskiego Pomników i ich znaczenie dla powstania rodu Konarskich herbu Gryf
Authors: Kruszewski Tomasz
Published: December 2020

Autor na podstawie dwóch wpisów z dawnych ksiąg sądowych pokazuje średniowieczny wymiar sprawiedliwości na tle ówczesnego ustroju, w którym niektóre grupy społeczne sądzone były wedle prawa polskiego, a inne z kolei – wedle praw zachodniej Europy. Pokazuje to, że Polska w średniowieczu leżała na pograniczu różnych kultur prawnych. Lakoniczność wpisów nie pozwala niestety ustalić rzeczywistych wartości przedmiotów sporu.
Dochodzenie roszczenia z tytułu klauzuli abuzywnej na podstawie przepisów o nienależnym świadczeniu
Authors: Nycz Maciej Aureliusz
Published: December 2020

Artykuł dotyczy wzajemnej relacji instytucji niedopuszczalnych postanowień umownych (klauzul abuzywnych) i nienależnego świadczenia. Pierwsza z nich została wprowadzona do polskiego prawa cywilnego poprzez nowelizację polskiego kodeksu cywilnego w związku z wejściem w życie dyrektywy 93/13/WE. Z kolei instytucja nienależnego świadczenia od dawna uznawana jest za metodę dochodzenia roszczeń z tytułu klauzul abuzywnych w Polsce. Wzajemne relacje przepisów dotyczących wymienionych pojęć nie zostały jeszcze dokładnie zbadane. Niemniej jednak jednoczesna analiza tych przepisów wzmacnia stwierdzenie, żeroszczenie o nienależne świadczenie może być użyteczne w dochodzeniu roszczeń o wzbogacenie wynikające z wykonania świadczenia na podstawie nieuczciwych klauzul. Dokładnie rzecz ujmując, w celu skutecznego dochodzenia roszczenia należy powołać się na condictio indebiti. Tak uważa jednak mniejszość. Powodem, dla którego właściwą podstawą dochodzenia roszczeń jest condictio indebiti, jest sankcja bezskuteczności zastrzeżenia klauzul abuzywnych. Ponadto przepisy powinny być tak interpretowane, aby uwzględnić kontekst unijny.
Orzeczenie Trybunału Konstytucyjnego wydane do nieobowiązującego przepisu. Glosa do orzeczenia Trybunału Konstytucyjnego z dnia 30 października 2019 r., sygn. akt P 1/18 (Dz. U. poz. 2196)
Authors: Tkaczyk Edyta
Published: December 2020

Trybunał Konstytucyjny postanowił o utracie mocy przepisu już nieobowiązującego w systemie prawnym. Na mocy orzeczenia sygn. akt P 1/18 art. 57 § 5 pkt 2 Ustawy z dnia 14 czerwca 1960 r. – Kodeks Postępowania Administracyjnego został uznany za niezgodny Konstytucją. Przepisy te mają wymiar historyczny, chociaż przez chwilę były częścią systemu prawa oraz mogły być właściwie stosowane przez organy władzy publicznej. Orzeczenie zostało wydane w dniu 30 października 2019 r., czyli po wejściu w życie nowelizacji tego artykułu. Niezależnie od działań ustawodawcy Trybunał Konstytucyjny musiał wydać wyrok jako orzeczenie historyczne, które jest logiczną zasadą wypracowaną na podstawie art. 190 Konstytucji.
Comparison of Students' Covariational Reasoning Based on Differences in Field-Dependent and Field-Independent Cognitive Style
Authors: Umah Ulumul
Published: December 2020

Students’ difficulty in calculus can be related to their ability in covariational reasoning in school or college. Reasoning process involves high-level cognition. Nevertheless, the relationship between cognitive style and covariational reasoning has not been investigated more specifically. Cognitive style in this study was characterized by field-dependent and field-independent category. This paper describes the covariational reasoning process of field-dependent and field-independent students while constructing the graph of dynamic events. Students’ cognitive style data obtained through the Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT), while the covariational reasoning data obtained through the covariational problem test and verified by several interviews. The results showed that there was no significant consistent difference between field-dependent and field-independent students in their covariational reasoning level, but there were differences in students’ way of reacting to the context of the problems. Field-dependent subjects exhibited their mental action inconsistently when they faced a new problem that more complex than before. This finding indicated that we need to set the problem to make it an effective stimulus in developing student’s covariational reasoning ability.
Dissertações 2020
Authors: Fronteiras Editorial
Published: December 2020

Nessa seção estão reunidas as dissertações defendidas em 2020 pelos mestrandos do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Teologia da Universidade Católica de Pernambuco.
The Potential Utility of Arterial Spin Labeling in Detecting and Localizing Posterior Circulation Occlusions in Every Day Practice: A Clinical Report of Selected Cases
Authors: Yedavalli Vivek , Tong Elizabeth
Published: December 2020

Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a non-contrast, non-invasive method used for the evaluation of cerebral perfusion, which is now increasingly utilized in everyday clinical practice. As a marker of cerebral blood flow at the capillary level, it has particular utility in stroke assessment. One rarer stroke subtype with non-specific symptomatology that can lead to significant morbidity is the posterior circulation (PC) infarct. As with the more common anterior circulation infarcts, ASL has shown benefit in PC infarcts as well, but has not been extensively explored in the literature nor been directly compared to bolus perfusion techniques. This clinical report of selected cases shows the utility of ASL in localization and detection of PC infarcts both in conjunction with and in the absence of bolus perfusion.
Penelitian Tindakan Kelas: Meningkatkan kemampuan teknik dasar shooting sepakbola melalui metode bagian
Authors: Hasrion  , Sari Merlina , Gazali Novri
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the improvement of the basic techniques of shooting football through the section method in SMA Negeri 1 Pangean District, Kuantan Singingi Regency. This research is a class action research. More specifically this research is collaborative classroom action research, namely collaboration between researchers and field practitioners (Teachers). This research consists of several cycles, each cycle through stages, action planning, action implementation, observation and reflection. The subjects of this study were all students of class XI IPS2 of SMA Negeri 1, Pangean Subdistrict, Kuantan Singingi Regency with a total of 29 people. This study uses learning tools and data collection instruments rubric performance football shooting capabilities. In measuring the completeness of students, researchers used the assessment guidelines from the National Education Assessment Center. Based on the results of research and discussion, it can be concluded that the application of the part method can improve the basic technical skills of shooting soccer students in class XI IPS2 of SMA Negeri 1, Pangean Subdistrict, Kuantan Singingi Regency. Based on the findings of this study, it is hoped that physical education teachers can make the method part of the solution in improving students' basic technical skills in sports, especially soccer.
Analisis perkuliahan daring mahasiswa PJKR Universitas PGRI Semarang sebagai dampak pandemi covid 19
Authors: Setiyawan  , Kresnapati Pandu , Aji Setyawan Danang
Published: December 2020

The purpose of conducting this research is to obtain data on the form of lectures and the results of information on students' efforts to take part in online lectures on PJKR students at the University of PGRI Semarang as a covid effect 19. The research method uses quantitative descriptive using survey methods. Data collection techniques using a questionnaire. The subjects in this study were PJKR University PGRI Semarang students in the second, fourth and sixth semesters. Research conducted obtained the following results: (a) Aspects of the distribution of students in the second semester 47.7%, semester four 21.2% and semester six 31.1%. (b) The most widely used application aspects are Zoom 34.7%, SIP 41.2%, SPADA 1.3% and Google Classroom 22.8%. (c) The duration of online learning is more than 60 minutes 18.6%, 30 minutes to 60 minutes 64.8% and under 30 minutes 16.6%. (d) Material aspects, namely: easy to understand 71.2% and material difficult to understand 28.8%. (e) Aspects of student readiness, in the ready category of 20.9%, quite ready 52.4%, less ready 26.7%. (f) The biggest obstacle for students is challenging the signal of 58.9%, quota of 25.3%, and time of 15.8%. From the research that has been carried out it can be concluded: (1) The form of lectures conducted at the PJKR Study Program of the University of PGRI Semarang utilizes online learning platforms such as Zoom, Google Classroom, SPADA, and SIP. While for field practice lectures using video and assignment forms, (2) The efforts of students to take part in online learning are quite good with the acquisition being quite ready and the percentage is 52.4%.
Model Kooperatif Teams Games Tournaments: Apakah dapat meningkatkan keterampilan belajar dribbling sepakbola?
Authors: Wildani Lutfi , Gazali Novri
Published: December 2020

This study aims to improve learning skills for soccer dribbling in class XI IPA 3 SMA Negeri 12 Pekanbaru by using the TGT (Teams Games Tournaments) type cooperative model. This type of research uses Classroom Action Research. The subjects of this study were 20 people consisting of 15 male students and 5 female students. The results showed that in cycle I there were 7 students who completed with a percentage of 35% and students who did not complete were 13 students with a percentage of 65%, while in cycle II there were 16 students who completed with a percentage of 80% and students who did not complete as many as 4 people with a percentage of 20%. Based on the results of research conducted through a 2-cycle process, it is concluded that the cooperative model type TGT (Teams Games Tournaments) can improve the football dribbling skills of class XI IPA 3 students of SMA Negeri 12 Pekanbaru. It is hoped that the TGT (Teams Games Tournaments) type of cooperative model can also be applied to all sports that are studied in schools.
KETERGANTUNGAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP SUMBER DAYA HUTAN DI DESA MERAH ARAI KECAMATAN KAYAN HULU KABUPATEN SINTANG
Authors: Inde Vebi Sola , Roslinda Emi , Idham M
Published: December 2020

Forests function naturally as the foundation and coordinating life on the surface of the earth because in addition to producing wood, also produces non timber and environmental services, the results of non-timber forests in form of fruits, vegetables, spices, medicines and environmental services also such as accommodating water, holding floods, and filtering air pollution as well as a place for the life of animals and other creatures. This research aimed to find out how the peoples dependence in Merah Arai village to forest resources and research in also for describing public dependence on timber, non-timber and land-forest resources. The results of this research with public dependence on forest resources and as data for the community use the forest outcomes. The method of research that used is a survey method, while taking the respondence in the purposive sampling. Data analysis are done in a qualitative descriptive. The results showed that the community relies heavily on forest resources so that the dependency of society consists of the first three groups of timber forest use for construction, sampan and firewood. Utilization both products of non-timber forest in direct consumption such as fruits, some are in consumption after cooking such as vegetables, spices, and animals, there are also in the way of medicines. The third is the land is use for planting crops such as farming, paddy field, and gardening.Keyword : Community, dependence, Forest results.
BENTUK PINTU MASUK SARANG TRIGONA SPP DI KAWASAN HUTAN MANGROVE SURYA PERDANA MANDIRI KELURAHAN SETAPUK BESAR SINGKAWANG UTARA
Authors: Febrianti Febrianti , M Iskandar A , Muflihati Muflihati
Published: December 2020

The Trigona spp (kelulut) bee is a non-stinging honey bee that belongs to the Apidae family. Kelulut is a social insect that lives in groups in a colony, where this bee colony defends itself by biting if disturbed. Kelulut usually make nests in tree holes, wall gaps and bamboo holes in the house, with simple materials that are used as nests such as wooden boxes, pieces of bamboo, coconut fruit, coconut shells, and earthen pots as long as the nesting material is tightly closed. Bee hives are a place of refuge for a bee colony from bacteria, fungi, viruses, and predators, as well as a place for honey, bee pollen, and bee eggs to grow. Kelulut nests are built from resin material derived from plants, besides that there is a door to the nest which is decorated with a funnel made of resin and has various shapes, some are short and some are long, depending on the type which serves as a place to enter and exit colony members. The entrance and exit of the nest not only serves as a pathway for entry and exit, but also serves as a marker for the nest. Kelulut nest entrances have various shapes, including funnel, oval, elliptical, round and irregular or without protrusions at the entrance. This study aims to determine the shape of the entrance to the Trigona spp nest in the Surya Perdana Mandiri Mangrove Forest Area. The method used is a survey, with roaming techniques. Observations were made on trees with kelulut nests. Data analysis using descriptive qualitative. The results found 2 species of kelulut, namely Heterotrigona itama Cockerell and Tetragonula laeviceps Smith. H.itama bees have 6 the shape of entrance and T.laeviceps bees have 4 the shape of entrance. H.itama bees have a funnel at the entrance and there are propolis around the nest. The H.itama entrance has a different shape in the form of a long and slender funnel and a short and large funnel. In addition, the funnel has a variety of colors, black, golden yellow, light brown, and dark brown. While T.laeviceps species do not have a funnel or nest entrance. This type only makes a hole as a place to enter and exit the nest and there is no propolis found around the nest.Keywords: Heterotrigona, mangrove, nest entrance, tetragonula, trigona
PENGARUH PEMBAKARAN BERULANG PADA LAHAN GAMBUT TERHADAP BEBERAPA KARAKTERISTIK TANAH DI DESA RASAU JAYA UMUM KABUPATEN KUBU RAYA KALIMANTAN BARAT
Authors: Astuti Yuliana , Astiani Dwi , Herawatiningsih Ratna
Published: December 2020

The National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) identifies eight provinces considered prone to forest and land fires in Indonesia. Four provinces are in Sumatra and four are in Kalimantan, one of which is West Kalimantan. Forest and land fires seem to have become a disaster in West Kalimantan, especially every dry season. Burning activies in the preparation of land for agriculture in the village of Rasau Jaya General is still using a relatively simple technology, namely the method of "slash and burn". The impacts caused by the peat fire process are in the form of water vapor from the combustion process in the air so that smoke formed which is very thick, causes environmental pollution and can affect soil conditions such as physical and chemical properties of peat soils. The purpose of this study was to obtain information about the effects of repeated burning on peatlands on soil characteristics in Rasau Jaya Umum Village, Kubu Raya Regency, West Kalimantan. This research was conducted by survey method and carried out with purposive sampling on 3 research sites, which were on land that had repeated burning twice, 4 times and 5 times. Soil physical properties observed were peat maturity (fiber content), water content, soil moisture, water level and bulk density. The level of fertility of peatlands is influenced by the chemical nature of the soil. The chemical nature of the soil is one of the limiting factors for knowing nutrients in the soil that are beneficial for plant growth. Determination of the level of soil fertility in peatlands can be done by analyzing the chemical properties of the soil. Analysis of the soil chemical properties includes analysis of the main element content such as acidity (pH), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and cation exchange capacity (CEC). The physical properties of the soil consisting of the weight of the contents, the moisture content varies with different levels of burning, the higher the value of the weight of the contents, the more dense a soil and vice versa. In the value of water content, the amount of combustion influences the amount of ground water content, the more number of combustion, the value of water content also increases. Peat environmental conditions observed in the field consisted of soil moisture, soil temperature and ground water level measured for 7 days and obtained a mean value that also varied did not show its effect on the number of repeated fires. The chemical properties of peat soils on the number of repeated burning can increase and decrease each nutrient value consisting of N, P, K and also CEC. Nutrients that increase in the amount of combustion are pH, N, and CEC while the value of nutrients that decrease is K and P. This shows that the greater the level of combustion, the pH, N, and CEC greater.Keywords: peatlands, repeated burning, soil characteristics
Edward Personal Preferance Schedule dan Jefferson scale of physician emphaty pada mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter tingkat IV
Authors: Tejoyuwono Agustina Arundina Triharja , Mardhia Mardhia , Hadi Didiek Pangestu
Published: December 2020

Latar Belakang: Hubungan antara dokter dan pasien secara yuridis dapat dimasukkan dalam golongan kontrak yang didasarkan atas rasa saling percaya. Pada masa pendidikan di fakultas kedokteran, pendidikan empati mahasiswa dipengaruhi oleh kecerdasan emosional, pilihan karir, jenis kelamin , masa studi dan prestasi akademik yang akan mempengaruhi kinerja lulusan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui nilai nilai Edward Personal Preferance Schedule (EPPS) dan Jefferson Scale of Physician Emphaty (JSPE) pada mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter (PSPD) tingkat IV. Metode: penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif cross sectional, dengan menggunakan kuesioner EPPS dan JSPE. Hasil: 60 subjek mahasiswa yang ikut dalam penelitian sebagian besar adalah perempuan. Pada hasil penilaian EPPS, mahasiswa memiliki penilaian yang kurang pada kemampuan berinteraksi dan penyesuaian diri. Akan tetapi empati dan kemampuan mengendalikan emosi baik, dan sangat baik pada fleksibilitas. Pada penilaian JSPE sebagian besar memiliki skor empati rendah dengan nilai dibawah median 101 dan sebagian besar dialami oleh mahasiswa perempuan. Berdasarkan hasil hubungan EPPS dan JSPE, mahasiswa dengan skor empati rendah memiliki kemampuan berinteraksi dan penyesuaian diri yang kurang. Hal ini juga dialami oleh mahasiswa dengan skor empati yang tinggi dimana kemampuan empati dan penyesuaian diri juga kurang. Namun fleksibilitas dan kemampuan mengendalikan diri baik sampai dengan baik sekali. Kesimpulan: Perlu dibangun rasa empati dan sikap yang beretika dalam tindakan yang mencerminkan profesionalisme guna menciptakan hubungan antara dokter dan pasien yang baik sejak masa perkuliahan di Kedokteran.
ACCESS TO JUSTICE TERHADAP PERLINDUNGAN PEKERJA MIGRAN DALAM BANTUAN PERWAKILAN KEDUTAAN DAN KONSULAT
Authors: Christmas Sandy Kurnia
Published: December 2020

Access to justice by the rights of migrant workers in essence needs to be improved both in terms of transparency and accountability of protection. In realizing the protection of migrant workers abroad, the role of embassies and consulates is a very important role. The form of state responsibility in providing protection for the rights of migrant workers by the help of representatives of embassies and consulates, as well as how the effectiveness of the assistance is a problem that will be studied in this study. The research method used is the juridical-normative method, which is then reviewed with a conceptual approach and a case approach. This study aims to ascertain whether legal assistance carried out by the Embassies and Consulates has been running properly in accordance with the legal rules that pay attention to the rights of migrant workers who have a justice perspective in human rights or not. The results of this study recommend a more efficient standard procedure for protection procedures, and ensure that there is transparency and fairness on target, so that protection can be received by all migrant workers.dalam transparansi maupun akuntabilitas perlindungannya. Dalam mewujudkan perlindungan pekerja migran di luar negeri, peran Kedutaan dan Konsulat menjadi peran yang sangat penting. Bagaimana bentuk Tanggung Jawab negara dalam memberikan perlindungan hak pekerja migran oleh bantuan perwakilan Kedutaan dan Konsulat, serta bagaimana efektifitas bantuan tersebut merupakan permasalahan yang akan dikaji dalam penelitian ini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode yuridis-normatif, yang kemudian dikaji dengan pendekatan konseptual dan pendekatan kasus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memastikan apakah bantuan hukum yang dilakukan oleh Kedutaan dan Konsulat sudah berjalan semestinya sesuai dengan aturan hukum yang memperhatikan hak pekerja migran yang berperspektif keadilan dalam hak asasi manusia atau belum. Hasil dari penelitian ini merekomendasikan mekanisme prosedur standar perlindungan yang lebih efisien, serta menjamin adanya transparansi dan keadilan yang tepat sasaran, sehingga perlindungan dapat diterima semua pekerja migran.