bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment Of Hearing Threshold Among Post Repaired Cleft Palate Patients In Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Ghana
Authors: Abdulai E.R. , Baidoo K.K. , Jangu A.A. , Searyoh K. , Ahonon Y.
Published: July 2023

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the hearing threshold in patients with repaired cleft palate and to determine the degree of hearing loss in various types of cleft palate.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study which was conducted on 97 consenting patients with clinical diagnosis of repaired cleft palate at the Plastic and Reconstructive surgery unit, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital. The hearing loss threshold levels in the rightand left cleft palates were then compared using Chisquare test of independence.Results: A total of 97 participants who had cleft palate were seen that is 194 ears were examined. Most of patients had cleft of secondary palate (n=65, 67.0%), only one participant had cleft of primary palate only (1.0%) and the rest had cleft of both primary andsecondary palate (n=31, 32.0%). The age range of patients in this study was between the ages of 6 years to 12 years with a mean (±SD) age of 7.43 (3.85) and the male to female ratio was 1:1. Out of the total ear examined, 76 were mild conductive hearing loss and 95 ears had abnormal tympanogram. The overall prevalence rate for the abnormal tympanograms (B, C1, C2) in both ears is 49%. Therewas no statistically significant association between the level of hearing loss and the type of cleft palate for the left ear and the right ear respectively as well as the association between the type of tympanogram and the type of cleft palate for the left ear and the right ear respectively (p>0.05).Conclusion: Prevalence rate of hearing loss among post repaired cleft palate subjects is 33%. This hearing loss is usually mild conductive hearing loss only. Mild conductive hearing loss and abnormal tympanogram was common between the ages of 6-8yearsirrespective of the type of cleft palate.
Pandemia y educación superior en Argentina: mirar al futuro desde la experiencia
Authors: Zajoza Juric Víctor Hugo
Published: July 2023

Nos agrada presentar un nuevo número de nuestra publicación, en este caso como número monográfico especial cuyo tema principal se construye en torno a las consecuencias educativas de la pandemia COVID-19, posibles aportes desde la mirada propia de la tecnología educativa y los escenarios emergentes que desafían al colectivo docente a buscar nuevas alternativas susceptibles de responder a las necesidades específicas de cada contexto.
Acompañar la enseñanza y el aprendizaje en la educación superior, la puesta en marcha del proyecto “AlfabeTICzación digital” en la Universidad Provincial de Córdoba
Authors: Cáceres Tania , García Carolina , Oliva Migotti Ma. Florencia , Spachesi Ma. Micaela , Etchegorry Mariana , Gutiérrez Miriam , Ruiz Gabriela del Carmen
Published: July 2023

En el presente artículo plasmamos la experiencia de la Práctica V del último año de la Licenciatura en Psicopedagogía en articulación con el equipo técnico institucional de la Facultad de Educación y Salud (FES), Universidad Provincial de Córdoba (UPC), durante el año 2019. La actividad entrama lo complejo de las prácticas educativas en el nivel universitario en un mundo en donde las tecnologías de la información y de la comunicación (TIC) se han vuelto imprescindibles y se actualizan continuamente. Esto nos llevó a preguntarnos y a problematizar entre las personas que integramos nuestra institución: ¿qué opiniones circulan sobre las TIC?, ¿se utilizan?, ¿de qué modo y para qué? En consecuencia, identificamos una demanda, construimos un proyecto e iniciamos un camino que nos permitió enfocarnos y dar respuestas a lo que nuestra comunidad educativa requería para brindar una educación democrática y de calidad.
Los/as docentes en el paradigma TEP (Tecnología del empoderamiento y la participación). Prácticas de organización y participación docente en las redes sociales construidas fuera de sus instituciones
Authors: Puig María Martha
Published: July 2023

Motivó esta investigación la discusión que surgió durante 2016 sobre las pruebas estandarizadas llamadas “Aprender”, que se replicó en las redes sociales entre docentes.

Se planteó entonces la hipótesis de que las/os docentes buscan espacios libres de imposiciones para dialogar, decidir y pensar sus prácticas con otros/as pares. Y estos espacios se encuentran fuera de sus instituciones educativas públicas en las redes sociales.
Análisis de la inclusión de las TIC en escuelas públicas, de nivel primario, de Santa Rosa (La Pampa, Argentina) a partir de la implementación del Programa Primaria Digital
Authors: Cheme Arriaga Romina
Published: July 2023

Desde el año 2014, la apertura de la agenda política educativa hacia la formación en TIC desde nivel primario se materializó, a nivel nacional, a través de la implementación del Programa Primaria Digital (PPD), por medio del cual se amplió la dotación a todas las instituciones de educación primaria del país de aulas digitales móviles (ADM) para la incorporación de las tecnologías digitales desde los primeros años de escolaridad en el nivel. De este modo, se fortalecieron múltiples aristas que conforman la realidad escolar vinculadas a la formación en servicio de las/los docentes (por medio de instancias de capacitación presenciales y virtuales), la provisión de recursos digitales (para el trabajo tanto en el aula como fuera del contexto escolar) y la presencia de referentes técnicos (como personal de apoyo en las escuelas para la asistencia pedagógica y el mantenimiento de los dispositivos provistos). Esta investigación presenta conclusiones en torno a datos principalmente cualitativos, recuperando voces de diversos actores involucrados en el contexto escolar definido. Siendo la implementación de las nuevas tecnologías en el nivel primario a nivel nacional, y particularmente en la provincia de La Pampa, muy reciente, los resultados de esta investigación ayudarán a comprender (desde un primer recorte situado en escuelas de la ciudad de Santa Rosa) cómo están siendo apropiadas las TIC, qué competencias se han logrado promover y qué motiva o no a los docentes a incluirlas en sus acciones de enseñanza.
Evaluación de la calidad de los Recursos Educativos Abiertos destinados a la educación de Nivel Inicial en el Repositorio del Centro de Informática Educativa
Authors: Sosa Alejandra Beatriz
Published: July 2023

La presente investigación toma como objeto de estudio los REA (Recursos Educativos Abiertos) almacenados en el Repositorio CIE (Centro de Informática Educativa) y destinados a Nivel Inicial (NI). Se presentan los hallazgos de dicha investigación, el proceso de elaboración del instrumento de evaluación que permitió evaluar la calidad los REA y los resultados obtenidos.
November 2022 NIST Premise Plumbing Research Workshop:
Authors: Persily Andrew K , Batista Marylia Duarte , Healy William M , Kedzierski Mark A , Lin Lingnan , Milesi-Ferretti Natascha S , Ullah Tania , Yashar David A , Zimmerman Stephen
Published: July 2023

Premise plumbing systems need to meet a range of performance goals including occupant health and comfort, energy and water efficiency, and reduced environmental impacts. Pressures to improve water efficiency and building water quality, combined with the use of new plumbing technologies and designs, have led to the recognition that significant knowledge gaps exist in plumbing system design, installation, operation, and maintenance. The research needed to address these gaps was summarized in a 2020 NIST report Measurement Science Research Needs for Premise Plumbing Systems. NIST also initiated an effort in 2020 to study several key research topics identified in that report including: the pressure versus flow relationships of plumbing fittings, the factors contributing to pathogen growth in residential hot water systems, the development of standard plumbing systems for comparing different design and operational approaches, and the improvement of existing premise plumbing system simulation software. To obtain feedback from industry and others in the premise plumbing community, NIST held a one-day workshop in November 2022 to discuss these research efforts, strengthen ongoing dialogues among the plumbing community, and develop a shared understanding of the research needs.
Exploring the use of turn-taking and overlap resolution strategies among Vietnamese non-English major students
Authors: Trương Thị Như Ngọc
Published: July 2023

Based on Sacks et al.'s (1978) turn-taking model, the research aims to determine how Vietnamese students managed their discourse. Two Vietnamese students were conveniently selected for the study, and their conversations were recorded, transcribed, and coded in the style of conversation analysis and deductive content analysis. The results show that in one-at-a-time talks, the male student used more devices and strategies than the female in taking turns. Also, both employed latching to reduce transition space most of the time. In overlapping talks, in most cases, the male student tended to employ repair strategies more frequently than the female. Nevertheless, the female student used more strategies in simultaneous talks than in one-at-a-time talks. The findings shed light on Vietnamese students' turn-taking styles, a great boon to English educators who should provide students with necessary interactional resources and rethink speaking assessments, including turn-taking strategies as a linguistic competency.
Cinq notes sur la relation entre espaces composites et automatisations gestuelles
Authors: Ciciliato Vincent
Published: July 2023

Ce texte aborde, de manière transversale, plusieurs de mes productions vidéographiques, réalisées entre 2005 et aujourd’hui. À travers cinq notes analytiques, j’interrogerai certains rapports entre les notions d’espace composite et d’automatisation gestuelle. Il s’agira de penser la manière avec laquelle l’activité de post-production vidéo, plus particulièrement celle que nous nommons communément le compositing[^1], permettent de réinvestir certaines articulations classiques entre fond (ou arrière-plan contextuel) et forme, à travers l’articulation entre lieu de l’action scénique et personnages.
L’image composite dans les effets spéciaux visuels cinématographiques, de l’analogique au numérique
Authors: Renouard Caroline
Published: July 2023

Pour qu’un effet spécial fonctionne dans l’esprit du spectateur, il faut que les différentes manipulations qui ont permis la création du plan truqué soient rendues invisibles, voire imperceptibles, et la finalité est de faire oublier au spectateur que ce qu’il voit à l’écran n’est pas authentique, que cela n’a pas été entièrement filmé d’une seule prise par une même caméra. Le principe de l’image composite est la fabrication d’une image en plusieurs fois et en plusieurs éléments, et c’est aussi l’un des fondamentaux des effets spéciaux depuis le début du cinéma jusqu’à aujourd’hui. Naviguant entre cinéma de prises de vues et cinéma d’animation, de Georges Méliès à BUF Compagnie, l’objet de cet article est d’étudier la création des images composites dans le domaine des effets spéciaux visuels cinématographiques. Comment permettent-elles de repousser les limites de la caméra, du budget, de l’espace-temps ? Qui sont les spécialistes au service de ces réalisations hors-normes, capables de mettre en images et de rendre crédibles les visions les plus impossibles d’un auteur ou d’un cinéaste ?
Art, cartographie et images satellitaires : le meilleur des mondes ?
Authors: Guilló Anna
Published: July 2023

Dans la légende bien connue de « Zeuxis et les filles de Crotone », la composition idéale voulue par le monarque et exécutée par l’artiste passe obligatoirement par un pouvoir exercé sur des corps particuliers pour créer une beauté idéale. La notion de composite traverse ainsi la représentation du canon que l’on trouve à tous les âges, comme une donnée intrinsèque de notre manière de représenter et donc de « considérer » le monde. Son rôle est unifiant et lénifiant et s’opposerait en cela au collage : là où le collage assume ses alliances contre nature, le composite fait semblant de recréer une unité. De la conception du monde de Mary Shelley à George Orwell, cet article avance l’hypothèse selon laquelle la cartographie, doublée aujourd’hui de l’image satellitaire a, depuis ses origines, été la précieuse alliée de ces méthodes totalitaires visant, par un assemblage relevant du composite, à donner une fausse image d’un monde unifié, tout centré sur l’Occident devenu, depuis, le maître incontesté des cartes et des boussoles. Mais tout se passe-t-il pour autant pour le mieux dans le meilleur des mondes ? Ce serait oublier que le compositing qui nous fournit cette imagerie-là implique ontologiquement l’interstice, la brèche, la zone blanche, bref, ce serait sans compter qu’il y a quelque chose de pourri dans le royaume de Google Earth... Si un grand nombre d’artistes et de fabricants d’images ont exploité la beauté spectaculaire mais top down de « l’œil cartographique de l’art », d’autres se faufilent dans les lieux interdits et non cartographiés pour tenter de livrer une version bottom up du monde dans lequel nous vivons, dans la lignée de ce qu’avaient initié il y a plus de 60 ans les situationnistes, puis les artistes de la marche et les artistes de la contre-cartographie, de la cartographie critique ou de la cartographie alternative.
Lettre des peuples de la forêt à la société non-indigène en temps de pandémie et violences
Authors: Wayna Kambeba Márcia
Published: July 2023

Le présent texte est une lettre adressée avant tout à la société non indigène. En période de pandémie, de violence et de génocide, ses mots doivent résonner et trouver de nouveaux interlocuteurs. Alliant sensibilité poétique et engagement historique et social, Márcia Wayna Kambeba nous présente un portrait nécessaire de la situation de la « Terre Mère » au XXI^e^ siècle. Il nous invite à réfléchir à la défense de l’environnement, aux savoirs indigènes et à la nécessité de repenser ledit « progrès ».
Communauté Renascer Ywyty Guaçu
Authors: Awa Mitã Fabiano
Published: July 2023

La Communauté indigène Renascer Ywyty Guaçu est située à Ubatuba, dans l’État de São Paulo. Elle a été fondée par des familles des groupes ethniques Tupi-Guarani et Guarani. Située au pied du pic du Corcovado, la communauté Renascer est un centre d’intérêt culturel, anthropologique, paysager et environnemental. Les textes, images et vidéos présentent la communauté et ses projets liés à l’agriculture durable et à l’éducation éthique et solidaire. Ils révèlent également la richesse de l’artisanat qui y est produit. Une deuxième vidéo, assemblée à partir d’images envoyées par les indigènes de Ywyty Guaçu, révèle les tentatives de violation du territoire autochtone et la lutte de la communauté pour préserver la biodiversité locale.
Vozes indígenas, trilhas para renovar o Brasil
Authors: Barreto Junia
Published: July 2023

O texto trata das origens e das pulsões que levaram à elaboração do Dossiê Vozes indígenas, pistas para renovar o Brasil. Frente a um Estado que historicamente não os valorizou e que sempre os tratou como “inocentes bons selvagens”, os povos indígenas se organizaram em sua resistência para que suas vozes fossem ouvidas. E essa eufonia de cantos e maracás vai progressivamente chegando e ocupando novos espaços. No evento Alucinação política das telas, Erisvan Bone Guajajara fala sobre seu trabalho no Mídia Índia. A jornada Sangue indígena, nenhuma gota a mais, em seu périplo pela Europa, se fez presente no 29e Salon de la Revue, em jantares íntimos parisienses e mesmo em comemoração e homenagem à Clemenceau patrocinada pelo Estado francês. A luta Yanomami ocupa a Fondation Cartier, em Paris, por intermédio da exposição de Cláudia Andujar. A Marcha das mulheres e a Primavera indígena aldeiam a Esplanada dos Ministérios, em Brasília, e clamam por seus direitos territoriais. Há um processo em curso, os indígenas estão em marcha. Nesse contexto, o Dossiê é sobretudo uma resposta aos clamores desses povos e indivíduos; e franquear a ocupação de seu espaço é a resposta que fornece Sens Public.
Povos indígenas e violações no contexto da pandemia da Covid-19 no Brasil
Authors: Terena Eloy
Published: July 2023

O presente texto tem por objetivo analisar a situação dos povos indígenas do Brasil no contexto da pandemia da Covid-19, valendo-se de dois movimentos teórico-metodológicos. O primeiro é olhar para as ações do movimento indígena brasileiro adotadas logo após o reconhecimento da Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) da pandemia do novo coronavírus, principalmente as estratégias empreendidas pelas comunidades e as organizações indígenas diante da omissão do Estado em apresentar planos e executar ações direcionadas especificamente para os povos indígenas, aumentando a vulnerabilidade e o risco de contágio pelo coronavírus. O outro olhar está centrado no Estado e na sua incapacidade de lidar com a realidade indígena brasileira. Além de o trabalho constituir-se em um importante registro e, portanto, oferecer um panorama da situação e de como os fatos se desenrolaram; o mesmo oportuniza trazer à baila reflexões sobre os desafios dos povos indígenas num contexto além da pandemia, ou seja, tal situação requer necessariamente trazer à discussão as demandas históricas dos povos que perpassam necessariamente em analisar o relacionamento do Estado com os povos originários, a urgente e necessária conclusão da demarcação das Terras indígenas e o respeito à cosmovisão indígenas sobre seus territórios. Neste sentido, a visão indígena de respeito à mãe terra e a suas riquezas naturais vem à tona para entender as origens dos surtos epidemiológicos e o quanto é vital a preservação da natureza para os povos indígenas, mas também para a própria manutenção da vida humana no planeta. Este é um recado político que o movimento indígena e suas lideranças têm repassado há muitos anos e que não foi discutido com a seriedade necessária pelos países. Os territórios tradicionais tão vitais para os povos indígenas cumprem um papel no equilíbrio da vida humana, e o capital que oprime estes povos agora obriga a todos a refletir sobre o bem viver e as consequências climáticas da destruição da biodiversidade num contexto mundial.
Carta dos povos da floresta à sociedade não indígena em tempos de pandemia e violências
Authors: Wayna Kambeba Márcia
Published: July 2023

O presente texto é uma carta destinado sobretudo à sociedade não indígena. Em tempos de pandemia, violência e genocídio, as suas palavras devem ecoar e encontrar novos interlocutores. Aliando sensibilidade poética a engajamento histórico-social, Márcia Wayna Kambeba nos apresenta um retrato necessário da situação da “Terra Mãe” no século XXI. Ela nos faz um convite a pensar a defesa do meio ambiente, os saberes indígenas e a necessidade de se repensar a narrativa de “progresso”.
2a Marcha das mulheres indígenas
Authors: Terena Cutiara , Terena Irineia
Published: July 2023

A 2a Marcha Mulheres Indígenas, ocorrida em 2021 na capital federal do Brasil, revelou a grande mobilização indígena feminina. Fotos, imagens e testemunhos das indígenas Cutiara e Irineia Terena caracterizam importantes reivindicações desse movimento.
UNIVAJA - União dos Povos Indígenas do Vale do Javari
Authors: Marubo Eliésio
Published: July 2023

O vídeo apresenta uma das maiores terras indígenas do Brasil, localizada no Vale do Javari, com seus encantos e desafios. Recentemente, o Vale do Javari foi o palco do assassinato do indigenista brasileiro Bruno Pereira e do jornalista britânico Dom Phillips envolvidos em causas ligadas à preservação da Amazônia e à proteção dos povos indígenas da região. O vídeo traz também o importante testemunho do indígena Eliésio Marubo, procurador jurídico da Univaja, que fala de sua difícil luta pela garantia dos direitos dos povos originários da região.
Povos Indígenas, saúde e doença
Authors: Pheula do Couto e Silva Ariel
Published: July 2023

Apresento, nesta intervenção, alguns aspectos da minha atuação como linguista tradutor-intérprete em contextos de saúde junto a povos indígenas, sobretudo aos Avá-Canoeiro e a povos indígenas da Amazônia Brasileira. Atuei de 2014 a 2017, a pedido da FUNAI e da SESAI, como acompanhante de indígenas Avá-Canoeiro em hospitais. Trata-se de um povo de recente contato com alto grau de vulnerabilidade. Busquei oferecer um acompanhamento sensível às diferenças culturais na concepção de saúde e doença, fazendo com que a minha função de tradutor-intérprete também desse conta dessas diferenças. No âmbito da pandemia de Covid-19, tive a oportunidade de prestar consultoria à COIAB, na supervisão da tradução de materiais sobre a doença, sobre violência contra crianças, adolescentes e mulheres, e sobre saúde mental indígena para aproximadamente vinte línguas indígenas da Amazônia Brasileira.
Activismes éditoriaux en francophonie septentrionale : plurivocalité contre‑hégémonique contemporaine1
Authors: Audet René , Lahouste Corentin
Published: July 2023

Cet article s’intéresse au livre comme moyen de stabilisation et de diffusion d’une parole activiste, spécifiquement collective. Dans la période contemporaine, on voit poindre des propositions à plusieurs voix, recourant à des formes livresques atypiques. Nous examinons des objets éditoriaux expérimentaux récents, émanant de différents espaces de la francophonie du Nord et qui s’inscrivent dans une dynamique activiste ouvertement revendiquée : la « sauvegarde no 1 » du projet nous sommes partout (Éditions Abrüpt); les quatre premiers volumes de la revue littéraire Sabir; les publications périodiques de La Conspiration dépressionniste; et le Petit manuel critique d’éducation aux médias (Éditions du commun). S’y observent, de manière prépondérante, une logique du collectif et une inclusivité intrinsèque, une horizontalité processuelle, une diversification formelle et de contenu, et la démarchandisation de l’objet‑livre. Participant d’un activisme inscrit dans l’événementialité, ces entreprises témoignent d’une cristallisation d’un faire‑communauté à travers ces objets à impact sociopolitique.
“Unstoppable!”: Children as Readers and Researchers of Reading in an Arts‑Based Project
Authors: Fuller Danielle
Published: July 2023

Historians of children’s reading highlight how the voices, opinions and ideas of actual children, are missing from most institutional archives. Contemporary scholars have an opportunity to change that situation for the future by co‑producing research with children. This paper examines how a class of ten‑year‑old schoolchildren in England engaged with a multidisciplinary arts project involving creative writing, digital game‑making and reading research activities. The paper builds upon scholarship that emphasizes the importance of conceptualizing research projects about children’s reading with reference to transliteracies, multimodality and creative reading. It argues that, by offering the children different forms and media of expression and various means of documentation, the project enabled them to articulate vernacular as well as schooled ways of reading. Significantly, the children’s perspectives on their own reading acts and habits offer valuable insights into the qualities of their reading experiences as child readers navigating a twenty‑first‑century transmedia environment.
Shelley's Quest for Love: Queering Epipsychidion
Authors: Shih Terence H. W.
Published: July 2023

This paper employs the concept of queer to examine Percy Bysshe Shelley's Epipsychidion. Shelley's idealism towards love was widely
received in atheism, materialism and Platonism. Compared with other Romantic poets, Shelley
exercised his concept of love very differently. Shelley's quest for love is particularly
discussed in most of his love poems. Among them Epipsychidion is a long poem that Shelley wrote to demonstrate his philosophy of
love. In his later life, Shelley worked on translating Plato's philosophy, particularly
The Symposium, which partly focuses on Greek love,
and further pondered on his own sexuality. Shelley started to draw on atheistic materialism
and Platonic metaphysics. Epipsychidion extends
Shelley's early concept of love, namely "a soul within our soul," and dramatizes his
narrator's love towards a female character named Emily. Different from major perspectives
from Shelley critics (Notopoulos, Wasserman, Sperry, Peterfreud) who particularly pay
attention to Shelley's love affairs, heterosexuality, as well as the real identity of Emily
in Epipsychidion, the paper instead focuses on this
poem to testify Shelley's homosexuality. The closeted poet honestly, but vaguely, discloses
his traumatic love towards his male "Emily" and eventually his potential suicide with the
man. I argue that a queer reading of Shelley's poetry helps to reexamine Shelley's
philosophy of love in Epipsychidion.
Le Mercure galant, point aveugle dans l’historiographie de la Nouvelle-France
Authors: Côté Sébastien , Schuwey Christophe
Published: July 2023

Le flibustier Robert Chevalier (1686-1731) a-t-il raconté au romancier Alain-René Lesage que M. de Longueuil fut sauvé par sa corne à poudre ? Non, mais en 1937, Aegidius Fauteux le suppose. Or, un passage tiré du Mercure galant de janvier 1691 (une relation de Monseignat) embrouille l’affaire, d’autant que ce best-seller du tournant du siècle n’est presque jamais cité parmi les sources dans l’historiographie canadienne. Cela fait du corpus américain du Mercure galant un point aveugle dans la discipline. L’exemple de la corne à poudre montrera qu’il est fort probable que le Mercure galant soit en fait une source majeure des textes sur la Nouvelle-France.
Du Mercure galant à l’Histoire de l’Amérique septentrionale
Authors: Croft Marie-Ange , Lajeunesse-Mousseau Marie-Ève
Published: July 2023

Cet article propose de revisiter la genèse de l’Histoire de l’Amérique septentrionale (1722) de Bacqueville de La Potherie à la lumière de quatre textes publiés dans le Mercure galant entre 1691 et 1702, et qui se retrouvent en partie dans la monographie historique. En replaçant ces extraits dans leur contexte original de production et en s’appuyant sur différents documents d’archives, l’analyse comparative offre de nouvelles pistes d’interprétation de l’oeuvre. Elle invite le lecteur à repositionner ces récits historiques dans un discours d’actualité qui participe, à l’époque de la Nouvelle-France, à la constitution d’un imaginaire colonial.
Les attentes des cadres du secteur parapublic québécois à l’égard de leur représentation collective
Authors: Bolduc François , Grenier Jean-Noël
Published: July 2023

La question de la représentation collective des cadres a été remise à l’ordre du jour récemment, à la suite de l’initiative de l’Association des cadres de la Société des casinos du Québec ainsi que de l’Association professionnelle des cadres de premier niveau d’Hydro-Québec, qui ont obtenu l’autorisation du Tribunal administratif du travail de se constituer en syndicats, malgré le statut de cadre de leurs membres. Cette décision, qui a été confirmée en février 2022 par la Cour d’appel du Québec, soulève de nombreux questionnements sur le futur de la représentation collective de cette catégorie de travailleurs. Cet article entend contribuer à la réflexion sur ce thème, en mettant en lumière les attentes qu’entretiennent les cadres du secteur parapublic québécois à propos de leurs associations représentatives et de leurs modes d’action. Pour ce faire, nous mobilisons des résultats provenant de deux recherches réalisées auprès de cadres du secteur de la santé et des services sociaux, membres de l’AGESSS, et du secteur de l’éducation, membres de l’AQCS. Ces cadres expriment leur accord face à d’éventuelles modifications de l’encadrement législatif de leurs relations de travail. Cela dit, ils ne manifestent pas pour autant une volonté de se syndiquer. Qui plus est, ils sont ambivalents quant à l’utilisation éventuelle de modes d’action revendicateurs. Nous posons l’hypothèse que ce rapport au syndicalisme est une affirmation identitaire, qui s’explique, entre autres, par la façon dont le Code du travail définit les acteurs des relations du travail.

Précis

En mobilisant un cadre théorique inspiré des écrits de Hyman (1997; 1998), nous analysons les résultats de deux recherches à propos de la représentation collective des cadres du secteur parapublic québécois. Ces résultats proviennent de deux sondages, réalisés auprès des cadres des secteurs de la santé et des services sociaux et de l’éducation, membres de l’AGESSS et de l’AQCS. Il appert que les cadres sont en accord avec d’éventuelles modifications à l’encadrement législatif de leurs relations de travail; cependant, ils n’expriment pas le désir de se syndiquer ni celui d’utiliser des modes d’action revendicateurs.
Intra and interspecific diversity in a tropical plant clade alter herbivory and ecosystem resilience
Authors: Grele Ari J. , Massad Tara J. , Uckele Kathryn A. , Dyer Lee A. , Antonini Yasmine , Braga Laura , Forister Matthew L. , Garro Lidia Sulca , Kato Massuo J. , Lopez Humberto G. , Nascimento Andre R. , Parchman Thomas L. , Simbaña Wilmer R. , Smilanich Angela M. , Stireman John O. , Tepe Eric J. , Walla Thomas R. , Richards Lora A.
Published: July 2023

Declines in biodiversity generated by anthropogenic stressors at both species and population levels can alter emergent processes instrumental to ecosystem function and resilience. As such, understanding the role of biodiversity in ecosystem function and its response to climate perturbation is increasingly important, especially in tropical systems where responses to changes in biodiversity are less predictable and more challenging to assess experimentally. Using large scale transplant experiments conducted at five neotropical sites, we documented the impacts of changes in intraspecific and interspecific plant richness in the genus
Piper
on insect herbivory, insect richness, and ecosystem resilience to perturbations in water availability. We found that reductions of both intraspecific and interspecific
Piper
diversity had dramatic and site specific effects on herbivory, herbivorous insect richness, and plant mortality. Ecosystem responses to reduced intraspecific richness were often similar in magnitude to responses to reduced interspecific richness. Increased water availability reduced herbivory by 4.2% overall, and the response of herbivorous insect richness and herbivory to water availability was altered by both intra and interspecific richness in a site contingent manner. Our results underscore the role of intraspecific and interspecific richness as foundations of ecosystem function, and the importance of community specific contingencies in controlling function in complex tropical systems.
Analysis of RNA processing directly from spatial transcriptomics data reveals previously unknown regulation
Authors: Olivieri Julia , Salzman Julia
Published: July 2023

Technical advances have led to an explosion in the amount of biological data available in recent years, especially in the field of RNA sequencing. Specifically, spatial transcriptomics (ST) datasets, which allow each RNA molecule to be mapped to the 2D location it originated from within a tissue, have become readily available. Due to computational challenges, ST data has rarely been used to study RNA processing such as splicing or differential UTR usage. We apply the ReadZS and the SpliZ, methods developed to analyze RNA process in scRNA-seq data, to analyze spatial localization of RNA processing directly from ST data for the first time. Using Moran’s I metric for spatial autocorrelation, we identify genes with spatially regulated RNA processing in the mouse brain and kidney, re-discovering known spatial regulation in
Myl6
and identifying previously-unknown spatial regulation in genes such as
Rps24, Gng13, Slc8a1, Gpm6a, Gpx3, ActB, Rps8
, and
S100A9
. The rich set of discoveries made here from commonly used reference datasets provides a small taste of what can be learned by applying this technique more broadly to the large quantity of Visium data currently being created.
Delayed postglacial colonization of Betula in Iceland and the circum North Atlantic
Authors: Harning David J. , Sacco Samuel , Thordarson Thor , Sepúlveda Julio , Shapiro Beth , Geirsdóttir Áslaug , Miller Gifford H.
Published: July 2023

As the Arctic continues to warm, woody shrubs are expected to expand northward. This process, known as “shrubification”, has important implications for regional biodiversity, food web structure, and high-latitude temperature amplification. While the future rate of shrubification remains poorly constrained, past records of plant immigration to newly deglaciated landscapes in the Arctic may serve as useful analogues. We provide one new postglacial sedimentary ancient DNA (
sed
aDNA) record of vascular plants from Iceland and place a second Iceland postglacial
sed
aDNA record on an improved geochronology; both show Salicaceae present shortly after deglaciation whereas Betulaceae first appears more than 1000 years later. We find a similar pattern of delayed Betulaceae colonization in eight previously published postglacial sedaDNA records from across the glaciated circum North Atlantic. In nearly all cases, we find that Salicaceae colonizes faster than Betulaceae and that Betulaceae colonization is increasingly delayed for locations farther from glacial-age woody plant refugia. These trends in Salicaceae and Betulaceae colonization are consistent with the plant families’ species diversity, environmental tolerances, seed sizes, and soil preferences. As these reconstructions capture the migration of vascular plants during a past period of high latitude warming, a slow response of some woody shrubs to ongoing warming may delay Arctic shrubification and future changes in the structure of tundra ecosystems and temperature amplification.
The yeast RNA methylation complex consists of conserved yet reconfigured components with m6A-dependent and independent roles
Authors: Ensinck Imke , Maman Alexander , Albihlal Waleed S. , Lassandro Michelangelo , Salzano Giulia , Sideri Theodora , Howell Steven , Calvani Enrica , Patel Harshil , Bushkin G. Guy , Ralser Markus , Snijders Ambrosius P. , Skehel Mark , Casañal Ana , Schwartz Schraga , van Werven Folkert J.
Published: July 2023

N6
-methyladenosine (m6A), the most abundant mRNA modification, is deposited in mammals/insects/plants by m6A methyltransferase complexes (MTC) comprising a catalytic subunit and at least five additional proteins. The yeast MTC is critical for meiosis and was known to comprise three proteins, of which two were conserved. We uncover three novel MTC components (Kar4/Ygl036w-Vir1/Dyn2). All MTC subunits, except for Dyn2, are essential for m6A deposition and have corresponding mammalian MTC orthologs. Unlike the mammalian bipartite MTC, the yeast MTC is unipartite, yet multifunctional. The mRNA interacting module, comprising Ime4, Mum2, Vir1, and Kar4, exerts the MTC’s m6A-independent function, while Slz1 enables the MTC catalytic function in m6A deposition. Both functions are critical for meiotic progression. Kar4 also has a mechanistically separate role from the MTC during mating. The yeast MTC constituents play distinguishable m6A-dependent, MTC-dependent and MTC-independent functions, highlighting their complexity and paving the path towards dissecting multi-layered MTC functions in mammals.
Trends in Self-citation Rates in High-impact Neurology, Neuroscience, and Psychiatry Journals
Authors: Rosenblatt Matthew , Mehta Saloni , Peterson Hannah , Dadashkarimi Javid , Rodriguez Raimundo X , Foster Maya L , Adkinson Brendan D , Liang Qinghao , Kimble Violet M , Ye Jean , McCusker Marie C , Farruggia Michael C , Rolison Max , Westwater Margaret L , Jiang Rongtao , Noble Stephanie , Scheinost Dustin
Published: July 2023

Citation metrics influence academic reputation and career trajectories. Recent works have highlighted flaws in citation practices in the Neurosciences, such as the under-citation of women. However, self-citation rates—or how much authors cite themselves—have not yet been comprehensively investigated in the Neurosciences. This work characterizes self-citation rates in basic, translational, and clinical Neuroscience literature by collating 100,347 articles from 63 journals between the years 2000-2020. In analyzing over five million citations, we demonstrate four key findings: 1) increasing self-citation rates of Last Authors relative to First Authors, 2) lower self-citation rates in low- and middle-income countries, 3) gender differences in self-citation stemming from differences in the number of previously published papers, and 4) variations in self-citation rates by field. Our characterization of self-citation provides insight into citation practices that shape the perceived influence of authors in the Neurosciences, which in turn may impact what type of scientific research is done and who gets the opportunity to do it.
I-Spin live: An open-source software based on blind-source separation for decoding the activity of spinal alpha motor neurons in real-time
Authors: Rossato Julien , Hug François , Tucker Kylie , Lacourpaille Lilian , Farina Dario , Avrillon Simon
Published: July 2023

Decoding the activity of individual neural cells during natural behaviours allows neuroscientists to study how the nervous system generates and controls movements. Contrary to other neural cells, the activity of spinal motor neurons can be determined non-invasively (or minimally invasively) from the decomposition of electromyographic (EMG) signals into motor unit discharge activities. For some interfacing and neuro-feedback investigations, EMG decomposition needs to be performed in real-time. Here, we introduce an open-source software that performs real-time decoding of spinal motor neurons using a blind-source separation approach for multichannel EMG signal processing. Separation vectors (motor unit filters) are identified for each motor unit from a baseline contraction and then re-applied in real-time during test contractions. In this way, the discharge activity of multiple motor units can be provided as visual feedback in real-time. We provide a complete framework with guidelines and examples of recordings to guide researchers who aim to study movement control at the motor neuron level. We tested the software on data collected using either grids of surface electrodes or intramuscular electrode arrays from five lower limb muscles (gastrocnemius lateralis and medialis, vastus lateralis and medialis, and tibialis anterior). We assessed how the muscle, or variation of contraction intensity between the baseline contraction and the test contraction impacted the accuracy of the real-time decomposition. This open-source interface provides a set of tools for neuroscientists to design experimental paradigms where participants can receive real-time feedback on the output of the spinal cord circuits.
The Toxoplasma monocarboxylate transporters are involved in the metabolism within the apicoplast and are linked to parasite survival
Authors: Dong Hui , He Kai , Yang Jiong , Zheng Wen-Bin , Lai De-Hua , Liu Jing , Ding Hui-Yong , Wu Rui-Bin , Brown Kevin M. , Hide Geoff , Lun Zhao-Rong , Zhu Xing-Quan , Long Shaojun
Published: July 2023

The apicoplast is a four-membrane plastid found in the apicomplexans, which harbors biosynthesis and organelle housekeeping activities in the matrix. However, the mechanism driving the flux of metabolites, in and out, remains unknown. Here we used TurboID and genome engineering to identify apicoplast transporters in
Toxoplasma gondii
. Among the many novel transporters, we show that one pair of apicomplexan monocarboxylate transporters (AMTs) appears to be evolved from the putative host cell that engulfed a red alga. Protein depletion showed that AMT1 and AMT2 are critical for parasite growth. Metabolite analyses supported the notion that AMT1 and AMT2 are associated with biosynthesis of isoprenoids and fatty acids. However, stronger phenotypic defects were observed for AMT2, including in the inability to establish
T. gondii
parasite virulence in mice. This study clarifies, significantly, the mystery of apicoplast transporter composition and reveals the importance of the pair of AMTs in maintaining the apicoplast activity in apicomplexans.
Automated cell annotation in multi-cell images using an improved CRF_ID algorithm
Authors: Lee Hyun Jee , Liang Jingting , Chaudhary Shivesh , Moon Sihoon , Yu Zikai , Wu Taihong , Liu He , Choi Myung-Kyu , Zhang Yun , Lu Hang
Published: July 2023

Cell identification is an important yet difficult process in data analysis of biological images. Previously, we developed an automated cell identification method called CRF_ID and demonstrated its high performance in Caenorhabditis elegans whole-brain images (Chaudhary et al., 2021). However, because the method was optimized for whole-brain imaging, comparable performance could not be guaranteed for application in commonly used C. elegans multi-cell images that display a subpopulation of cells. Here, we present an advancement, CRF_ID 2.0, that expands the generalizability of the method to multi-cell imaging beyond whole-brain imaging. To illustrate the application of the advance, we show the characterization of CRF_ID 2.0 in multi-cell imaging and cell-specific gene expression analysis in C. elegans. This work demonstrates that high-accuracy automated cell annotation in multi-cell imaging can expedite cell identification and reduce its subjectivity in C. elegans and potentially other biological images of various origins.
Surviving under pressure
Authors: Wang Ying , Yang Liandong
Published: July 2023

Genomic analysis has shed light on how hadal snailfish have adapted to living at depths of several thousand metres.
Improved haplotype resolution of highly duplicated MHC genes in a long-read genome assembly using MiSeq amplicons
Authors: Mellinger Samantha , Stervander Martin , Lundberg Max , Drews Anna , Westerdahl Helena
Published: July 2023

Long-read sequencing offers a great improvement in the assembly of complex genomic regions, such as the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region, which can contain both tandemly duplicated MHC genes (paralogs) and high repeat content. The MHC genes have expanded in passerine birds, resulting in numerous MHC paralogs, with relatively high sequence similarity, making the assembly of the MHC region challenging even with long-read sequencing. In addition, MHC genes show rather high sequence divergence between alleles, making diploid-aware assemblers incorrectly classify haplotypes from the same locus as sequences originating from different genomic regions. Consequently, the number of MHC paralogs can easily be over- or underestimated in long-read assemblies. We therefore set out to verify the MHC diversity in an original and a haplotype-purged long-read assembly of one great reed warbler Acrocephalus arundinaceus individual (the focal individual) by using Illumina MiSeq amplicon sequencing. Single exons, representing MHC class I (MHC-I) and class IIB (MHC-IIB) alleles, were sequenced in the focal individual and mapped to the annotated MHC alleles in the original long-read genome assembly. Eighty-four percent of the annotated MHC-I alleles in the original long-read genome assembly were detected using 55% of the amplicon alleles and likewise, 78% of the annotated MHC-IIB alleles were detected using 61% of the amplicon alleles, indicating an incomplete annotation of MHC genes. In the haploid genome assembly, each MHC-IIB gene should be represented by one allele. The parental origin of the MHC-IIB amplicon alleles in the focal individual was determined by sequencing MHC-IIB in its parents. Two of five larger scaffolds, containing 6–19 MHC-IIB paralogs, had a maternal and paternal origin, respectively, as well as a high nucleotide similarity, which suggests that these scaffolds had been incorrectly assigned as belonging to different loci in the genome rather than as alternate haplotypes of the same locus. Therefore, the number of MHC-IIB paralogs was overestimated in the haploid genome assembly. Based on our findings we propose amplicon sequencing as a suitable complement to long-read sequencing for independent validation of the number of paralogs in general and for haplotype inference in multigene families in particular.
2018–2022 Southern Resident killer whale presence in the Salish Sea: continued shifts in habitat usage
Authors: Shields Monika W.
Published: July 2023

The fish-eating Southern Resident killer whales (Orcinus orca) of the northeastern Pacific are listed as Endangered in both the USA and Canada. The inland waters of Washington State and British Columbia, a region known as the Salish Sea, are designated as Southern Resident critical habitat by both countries. The whales have historically had regular monthly presence in the Salish Sea, with peak abundance occurring from May through September. In recent years, at least partially in response to shifting prey abundance, habitat usage by the Southern Residents has changed. As conservation measures aim to provide the best possible protection for the whales in their hopeful recovery, it is key that policies are based both on historic trends and current data. To this aim, our study shares 2018–2022 daily occurrence data to build upon and compare to previously published whale presence numbers and to demonstrate more recent habitat shifts. Based on reports from an extensive network of community scientists as well as online streaming hydrophones, every Southern Resident occurrence was confirmed either visually or acoustically. Documented here are the first-ever total absence of the Southern Residents in the Salish Sea in the months of May, June, and August, as well as their continued overall declining presence in the spring and summer, while fall and winter presence remains relatively high. It is key that management efforts consider these shifting presence patterns when setting both seasonal and regional protection measures aimed at supporting population recovery.
Combinative effects of β-elemene and propranolol on the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of hemangioma
Authors: Wang Zhenyu , Chen Yinxian , Yang Lin , Yao Dunbiao , Shen Yang
Published: July 2023

Hemangioma (HA) is one of the most common benign vascular tumors among children. Propranolol is used as the first-line treatment for hemangioma and is a non-selective blocker of the β-adrenergic receptor. β-elemene is a compound extracted from Rhizoma zedoariae and has been approved for the treatment of tumors in clinical practice. However, the combinatorial effects of β-elemene and propranolol in the treatment of HA remains unclear. This study explored the combinative effects and mechanisms of β-elemene and propranolol using hemangioma-derived endothelial cells (HemECs). Cytotoxic assays showed that the combinatorial treatment of β-elemene and propranolol did not increase the cytotoxic effects of HemECs. Furthermore, functional analysis showed that the combinatorial treatment with β-elemene and propranolol significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of the HemECs compared to the single treatment regimens. Mechanistic analysis showed that combinative treatment with β-elemene and propranolol synergistically down-regulated the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha/vascular endothelial growth factor-A (HIF-1-α/VEGFA) signaling pathway. Additionally, in a xenograft tumor model, angiogenesis in the combinatorial treatment group was significantly lower than in the control, propranolol, and β-elemene treatment alone groups. Our results suggest that β-elemene combined with propranolol can significantly inhibit the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of HemECs via synergistically down-regulating the HIF-1-α/VEGFA signaling pathway without increasing any cytotoxic side effects.