bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictors of severity and in-hospital mortality in patients with influenza
Authors: Serino Mariana , Melo Nuno , Caldas João Paulo , Ferreira Ana , Garcia David , Lourenço Patrícia
Published: August 2021

Influenza virus is a common agent of acute respiratoty infections during epidemic periods. It is a major cause of morbidity and mortality and represent a significant burden on the healthcare system. We aimed to evaluate predictors of severity and of in-hospital mortality in patients hospitalized with influenza infection. We performed a retrospective cohort study of hospitalized, laboratory confirmed cases of influenza disease in Centro Hospitalar de São João between October 2016-May 2017 and October 2017-May 2018. The endpoints being analysed were severity and in-hospital mortality. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine independent predictors of severity and of in-hospital mortality. We studied 221 hospitalized influenza infection cases. Mean age 66±16 years, 57.9% were male, thirty-seven patients (16.7%) died in-hospital and 101 patients (45.7%) met severity criteria. C-reactive protein (CRP) was the only independent predictor of severity as well as the only independent predictor of higher in-hospital mortality in patients admitted due to influenza infection. Multivariate-adjusted CRP OR for severity was 1.10, 95% CI 1.06-1.15 per each 10 mg/L increase in CPR and for in-hospital mortality risk the OR was of 1.05, 95% CI 1.01-1.09, p=0.01, per each 10 mg/L increase. Concluding, in patients’ hospital-admitted due to influenza infection CRP was the only predictor of severity with a 10% increased risk of inotropic support/ventilatory support/prolonged hospitalization needs and a 5% increase risk of in-hospital death per each 10 mg/l increase.
Common data bases for underground mining blast fragmentation and stability studies
Authors: Labrie D , Lizotte Y , Dufresne S
Published: August 2021

The high cost of site investigations, for the purpose of geotechnical sampling, is often the main obstacle to increased utilization of empirical and numerical models for underground excavation stability assessment. The sophistication of these models demands
tighter sampling grids and greater accuracy in the measurement of rockmass characteristics. The use of geotechnical data bases for rock fragmentation prediction and the analysis of blast vibration induced damage to underground structures can help justify site investigation costs. Further
justification can be added by considering use of the data base for drill performance analysis and drillhole deviation studies. The elements which are common to these data bases are presented. Adjustments to site investigation techniques are detailed. A case study illustrates the construction of a
common data base and its potential uses for stability analysis and fragmentation prediction.
Novel transcatheter treatment for staged closure of Abernethy malformation with portal hypoplasia
Authors: Sasikumar Deepa , Valakkada Jineesh , Kramadhari Harshith , Ayyappan Anoop , Krishnamoorthy Kavasseri M
Published: August 2021

Portosystemic shunts are rare congenital malformations that come to attention due to various hepatic and extrahepatic manifestations. Management of this malformation is dictated by the presence and adequacy of intrahepatic portal radicals. Staged occlusion of the shunt is recommended in patients with severely hypoplastic portal radicals. We describe a novel transcatheter technique that we improvised for staged occlusion of Abernethy malformation in a 2-year-old girl.
Prenatal diagnosis of obstructed supracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection at 23 weeks with successful immediate postnatal surgical correction
Authors: Memon Danish , Vaidyanathan Balu
Published: August 2021

Diagnosis of isolated total anomalous pulmonary venous connections (TAPVCs) is relatively rare in fetal life, especially in early gestation. We report a case of a fetus diagnosed with the supracardiac type of TAPVC at 23 weeks gestation, with evidence of obstruction to connection of the common vertical vein to the superior vena cava. The neonate had a critical presentation at birth and underwent an emergency surgical repair immediately after birth with excellent outcome on short term follow-up with the resolution of pulmonary artery hypertension.
Clinical, biochemical, and phenotype profile of the patients newly diagnosed with polycystic ovarian syndrome
Authors: Ghatnatti Vikrant , Patil Shwetha , Kour Harpreet , Bhuyan Ashok Kumar , Choudhary Bipul Kumar , Saikia Uma Kaimal , Sharma Dipti
Published: August 2021

OBJECTIVES:

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age. This study was aimed to assess the clinical, biochemical, and phenotypic profile of patients newly diagnosed to have PCOS.

SUBJECTS AND METHODOLOGY:

A cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of 1 year in the Department of Endocrinology, Guwahati Medical College and Hospital. A total of 50 female patients newly diagnosed to have PCOS by the Rotterdam criteria 2003 were enrolled for the study. Clinical Characteristics, thyroid profile, other hormonal tests, oral glucose tolerance test, and phenotypic assessment were done.

RESULTS:

Twenty-four percent of patients had dysglycemia, while the rest 76% had normal glucose levels. Glucose abnormalities were noted in 13.7% of lean PCOS and 32.2% of overweight PCOS. There was no difference in insulin resistance among the three phenotypes of PCOS.

CONCLUSION:

Women with PCOS are at increased risk of developing glucose intolerance and diabetes. Dysglycemia in PCOS women was mainly evident in postglucose challenge glucose levels. Since there is no difference in insulin resistance among various phenotypes, all the phenotypes equally merit screening for glucose abnormalities.
Strategies for enhancing the effectiveness of e-learning courses in medical education and health professions education
Authors: Shrivastava Saurabh RamBihariLal , Shrivastava Prateek Saurabh
Published: August 2021

E-learning refers to the employment of technology to facilitate access to learning resources on the internet to enhance acquisition of new knowledge, skills and/or behavior. It is very important to develop an understanding about the process involved in the development of an e-learning strategy, and it has to start with analyzing the existing situation and how e-learning can bridge the gap. Regardless of the e-learning course, if the organizers want to ensure that participants are maximally benefited, it is essential that the organizers take efforts to know their participants, especially in terms of their learning behaviors and needs, so that these areas can be targeted during the course. Finally, the organizers should be always aiming for the improvement of the program through modifications in the program based on the feedback received from the participants. In conclusion, e-learning is an important addition in the delivery of the medical curriculum or the health professions education. However, it is crucial for the organizers to adopt different strategies to ensure that the overall effectiveness of the program can be enhanced and the intended objectives are accomplished.
KOH Wet Mount versus Cellophane Strip without Mounting Medium for Rapid Diagnosis in Superficial Mycoses
Authors: Arora Sandeep , Pal Reetika , Suhag Devinder Kumar , Dabas Rajeshwari , Arora Gulhima , Chand Satish
Published: August 2021

Context:

Diagnosis of superficial mycoses in clinically doubtful cases relies on demonstration of fungal elements on a 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH) slide mount which takes 30 min to 2 h. Rapid results will lead to reduced time to diagnosis.

Aims:

A comparative study of conventional 10% KOH wet mount against the cellophane strip method without a mounting medium under bright-field and phase-contrast microscopy was aimed to determine the comparative efficacy of these methods in demonstrating fungal elements of superficial mycoses.

Settings and Design:

The study was conducted at a skin center of a tertiary care hospital between November 2019 and January 2020.

Material and Methods:

One hundred and fifty consecutive clinically suspect cases of superficial cutaneous mycoses were examined. Skin scrapings for 10% KOH were collected with a blunt scalpel on one slide and examined half hour later. A cellophane strip collection of squames stuck onto another slide and examined directly by bright-field and phase-contrast microscopy.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was carried out in the present study using SPSS 22.0, and R environment version 3.2.2 was used for the analysis of the data. Chi-square/Fisher's exact test was used to find the significance of study parameters on categorical scale between two or more groups, nonparametric setting for qualitative data analysis. Fisher's exact test was used when samples were very small.

Results:

The mean percentage positivity for fungal hyphae as seen on KOH mount was 76%, for cellophane tape 97.33%, and under phase-contrast microscopy 97.33%. Pityriasis versicolor was detected by all three methods (100%). Tinea corporis had the least positive result on KOH mount.

Conclusion:

Cellophane strip method without a mounting medium adequately demonstrates fungal elements on light microscopy.
Scleredema adultorum of Buschke associated with hypothyroidism and liver cirrhosis
Authors: Muralidharan S , Arun K , Ruckmani V , Devi B
Published: August 2021

Scleredema adultorum of Buschke is a rare disorder of the connective tissue, involving the skin. Here, we present a 61-year-old male, who is a known case of compensated liver cirrhosis with a past history of being treated for autoimmune thyrotoxicosis, who presented with complaints of alopecia, skin tightening, dry skin, pruritus, and woody indurated plaques on the skin of the upper back, shoulder, and arms. Skin biopsy of the arm revealed the characteristic features of scleredema. He was extensively evaluated for known literature-cited causes of scleredema, and the work up revealed a negative result. He was also found to be hypothyroid on presentation. Hence, we present a case of scleredema occurring in a patient with hypothyroidism and chronic liver disease, which to our knowledge is being described for the first time in literature.
Is the nuclear factor kappa-b (NF-κB) pathway and inflammatory status associated with colorectal cancer?
Authors: Atabilen Büşra , Akbulut Gamze , Bacanli Merve , Uncu Doğan
Published: August 2021

Background:

Although genetic predisposition has a role in the etiology of colorectal cancer, there are many other factors that affect its development. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the NF-κB pathway, inflammatory status and dietary antioxidant capacity in individuals with colorectal cancer.

Methods:

The study was carried out with 40 male subjects diagnosed with colorectal cancer aged between 39-65, years and a control group of the same number of healthy men. Subjects in the case and control groups were subdivided according to body mass index (BMI), as normal (BMI 20-24.9 kg/m2) or overweight/obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m2).

Results:

At the end of the study, NF-κB and interleukin-22 levels were higher in the case group, but no significant difference was found between the groups. Interleukin-23 and 8-Hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine levels in the case group classified as overweight/obese according to BMI were significantly higher than in the control group (P = 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). Considering diet antioxidant capacity, it was higher in individuals in the control group than in the case group. However, there was no significant difference between the groups.

Conclusion:

Inflammatory status and reduced dietary antioxidant capacity are risk factors in the development of colorectal cancer.
Characteristics of patients who underwent gastric electrical stimulation vs. surgical pyloric interventions for refractory gastroparesis
Authors: Saleem Saad , Hussain Azhar , Alsamman Mohd A. , Inayat Faisal , Kaler Jasndeep , Tansel Aylin , Thomas Abell L.
Published: August 2021

Background:

There has been recent debate comparing the efficacy of gastric electrical stimulation (GES) with pyloric intervention, but medical literature lacks clear indications for when to perform GES or pyloric intervention. This study aims to assess the effect of sociodemographic factors and hospital characteristics on the surgical technique chosen for the treatment of gastroparesis.

Methods:

Data was extracted from the National Inpatient Sample between the years 2012 and 2014, using any discharge diagnosis of gastroparesis. For comparison of analysis between GES and pyloric surgical intervention, pyloroplasty, endoscopic pyloric dilation, and pyloromyotomy were considered to be pyloric interventions. The study population was divided into two groups, one which received GES and the other receiving pyloric intervention, to compare socioeconomic factors and hospital characteristics.

Results:

In total, 737,930 hospitalizations had a discharge diagnosis of gastroparesis between 2012 and 2014. On weighted multivariant analysis of patients undergoing GES or pyloric intervention for gastroparesis, being female (odds ratio (OR) 1.49, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25–1.78; P < 0.001), being Hispanic (OR 1.75, 95%CI; P < 0.001), being in urban teaching (OR 1.41, 95%CI 1.15–1.72; P < 0.001), and nonteaching hospitals (OR 2.93, 95%CI 2.4–3.58; P < 0.001), early satiety (OR 6.70, 95%CI 1.54–31.25; P = 0.01), and diabetes mellitus (OR 2.14, 95%CI 1.78–2.56; P < 0.001) were each statistically significantly correlated with receiving GES intervention compared to pyloric intervention.

Conclusion:

The racial difference, payer source, and hospital location affected the surgical intervention (GES or pyloric intervention) that patients with gastroparesis would receive.
Usefulness of Routine Plain CT the Day After an Interventional EUS Procedure
Authors: Kiyanagi Aya , Fujisawa Toshio , Ishii Shigeto , Tomishima Ko , Takasaki Yusuke , Suzuki Akinori , Ushio Mako , Takahashi Sho , Yamagata Wataru , Okawa Yoshihiro , Ochiai Kazushige , Saito Hiroaki , Isayama Hiroyuki
Published: August 2021

Background:

Interventional endoscopic ultrasound-guided procedures (I-EUS) are widely accepted as salvage procedures in ERCP-failed cases, and to drain fluid collected in the abdominal cavity. Although I-EUS has a relatively high incidence of complications and is severe/fatal in some cases, no follow-up strategy has been established. In our institution, plain computed tomography (P-CT) is performed routinely the day after I-EUS. In this study, we evaluated the usefulness of routine P-CT the day after I-EUS, as a follow-up method, and propose an algorithm.

Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed 81 patients who underwent I-EUS and evaluated the usefulness of P-CT, abdominal X-ray, laboratory data, and symptoms as a follow-up method. An adverse event (AE) was defined as an event requiring any treatment.

Results:

Technical success, clinical success, and AE rates were 96.3%, 90.1%, and 18.9%, respectively. In total, 30 patients had abnormal findings among the follow-up methods: 6 cases underwent additional procedures, 8 underwent medical treatments, and 16 were observed. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for detecting AEs were assessed based on P-CT (85.7%, 100%, and 97.5%), X-ray (7.1%, 100%, and 83.5%), laboratory data (71.4%, 83.0%, and 81.0%), and symptoms (92.9%, 86.2%, and 87.3%). The sensitivity and accuracy of the latter two items were as high as those for X-ray, but specificity was lower than those for X-ray and P-CT.

Conclusions:

Routine P-CT the day after I-EUS was useful for detecting complications and deciding to perform an invasive salvage procedure. Symptoms and laboratory data were useful to supplement routine P-CT.
Bayesian Acyclic Network Based Environmental Footprint Risk Assessment System for Oil and Gas Industry
Authors: Cyriac Philip Agnel , Ginters Egils , Basdogan Dilara
Published: August 2021

The oil and gas industry is the eighth largest in the world. Its market size is expected to grow from USD 4.6 trillion in 2020 to USD 5.9 trillion in 2021, and in 2025 it will reach USD 7.4 trillion. The oil and gas industry is the backbone of today’s economy, and it is difficult to imagine that the share of the industry’s influence in world economy could decrease soon. Oil and gas production and supply chains pose significant environmental risks. Various methods are used to assess the risks of the industry's impact on the environment. In most cases, they are labor-intensive and non-interactive, which reduces the effectiveness of scenario testing. The article dealt with a new approach for analyzing different hazard risk scenarios based on Bayesian acyclic networks, looking at the supply chain as a socio-technical system, the sustainability of which is determined by the systemic impact on three pillars - business, society and environment. This article focuses on the environmental component. The article aims at introduction the audience, i.e., investors, business leaders and territorial development policy planners, the use of the method for assessing the systemic environmental risks of supply chains in the oil and gas industry.
Medical Image Segmentation Algorithm Based on Multi-scale Color Wavelet Texture
Authors: Zhang Qi , Li Yan
Published: August 2021

In order to improve the segmentation accuracy of brain tumor magnetic resonance medical image, a segmentation method of brain tumor magnetic resonance medical image based on multi-scale color wavelet texture features is proposed. The segmentation model of brain tumor magnetic resonance medical image is established, and the motion damage information of brain tumor magnetic resonance medical image is adaptively fused in the ultrasound imaging environment. The medical image information is enhanced by using the motion skeletal muscle block matching technology. According to the suspicious point feature matching method of brain tumor, the fusion detection and processing of brain tumor magnetic resonance medical image are carried out. The multi-scale color wavelet texture feature detection method is used to extract the image features of brain tumor MRI points, and the CT bright spot features are used to analyze the features of brain tumor MRI medical images. Combined with the adaptive neural network training method, the automatic detection of brain tumor magnetic resonance medical image is completed, and the suspected brain tumor points are extracted, so as to realize the segmentation of brain tumor magnetic resonance medical image. Simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the segmentation accuracy of brain tumor MRI medical image, and has high resolution and accuracy for suspicious brain tumor detection.
THE EFFECT OF TRIACRYLATE MONOMER STRUCTURE ON VOLUME SHRINKAGE AND TENSILE PROPERTIES OF VAT POLYMERIZATION RESINS
Authors: KILIÇ Volkan , CAMADANLI Şebnem
Published: August 2021

This study investigates the influence of triacrylate monomer structure on volume shrinkage, tensile properties, and viscosity of vat polymerization (VP) resins. The amount of triacrylate monomer kept constant as 20%wt. to prevent excessive volume shrinkage effect. Results indicated that ethoxylated and propoxylated triacrylate structures are beneficial to reduce the volume shrinkage of VP resins. However, these flexible chain structures led to a reduction in tensile properties and the elastic modulus of VP resins deteriorated up to 35% compared to trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA). There is no significant effect observed on VP resin reactivity according to the triacrylate type. Besides, ethoxylated triacrylate presented the best dilution effect on VP resin.
TOPOLOGY OPTIMIZATION OF MOBILE TRANSPORTATION ROBOT
Authors: DEMİR Neslihan , SUCUOĞLU Hilmi Saygın , BÖĞREKCİ İsmail , DEMİRCİOĞLU Pınar
Published: August 2021

The main aim of this study was to decrease the weight of mobile transportation robots and to check the optimized shape using topology optimization and structural analysis. The analyses were applied using CAE Software with the methods of topology optimization and structural analysis. In the topology optimization process, the preserved areas were defined for connection and fixing areas. The aim was to decrease the weight of the robot structure and lower the energy consumption of the robotic system. After topology optimization, the structural strength analysis was applied to the new optimized structure to check the strength. The weight of the structure was decreased with a ratio of 20%. In addition to this, the structural strength of the robot was observed similar to the original body with the factor of safety value as three.
DATA MINING APPLICATION FOR FINANCIAL DECISION OPTIMIZATION AT RISK
Authors: KOÇOĞLU Enes , ERSÖZ Filiz
Published: August 2021

Financial decisions can add value to the existence of businesses or individuals, as well as a wrong financial decision can cause businesses to cease to exist. Hence, financial decision or financial assumptions are vital for businesses or individuals. In financial assumptions, risk refers to the probability of losing as a result of an investment made in an asset. Measures can be taken against possible risks in the future through financial assumptions. In this study, the logistic regression analysis (LR) method, one of the traditional methods, and the machine learning algorithm support vector machines (SVM) method, which is one of the new approaches, are compared in the loaning process. It is aimed to determine the importance of the compared methods, the accuracy of the model, the estimation power of the model, the estimation performance of the model, the determination of the importance of the independent variables that affect the non-repayment of the loan, and the superiority of the methods. According to the analysis results, the SVM method is superior to the LR method in calculating accuracy rate and prediction rate, and the LR method is superior to the SVM method in assumption performance calculation. The most significant variable in the SVM method is "Lending policy", the most significant variable in the LR method is "Interest rate", the second significant variable is "Interest rate" in the SVM method, and "Lending Policy" as the second important variable in the LR method. It is seen that the third most crucial variable in the two methods is the "Income" variable. The determination of the SVM method as the more important variable of the loan policy is deemed more suitable to the opinion of the banking expert. Detecting more realistic results of the SVM method compared to the LR method has shown the superiority of the SVM method.
Assessing the impact of a journal club elective on literature evaluation performance
Authors: Battise Dawn M. , Bates Susan , Nisly Sarah A.
Published: August 2021

Introduction: The study assessed the impact of a journal club (JC) elective on literature evaluation performance during the first three advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPE).   
Methods: Students who took a JC elective were compared to students who did not take the JC elective in regards to scores on APPE JC and overall APPE literature evaluation.   
Results: Of 186 eligible participants, 22 participants completed the JC elective. APPE JC and APPE literature evaluation scores were similar between groups. First semester APPE JC scores were positively correlated with scores earned in the JC elective (r=0.452, p=0.045).   
Conclusions: Students in the elective did not have significantly different APPE JC scores compared to students who did not take the elective; however, there was a correlation and potential predictive association to APPE JC scores. The JC elective may identify students at risk of lower performance during APPEs so that they may receive additional support.
O conto Pai contra mãe e o filme Quanto vale ou é por quilo?: reflexões filosóficas contra a continuidade do mesmo na educação pública brasileira
Authors: Barbosa Ildenilson Meireles , Amorim Wanderley José Cardoso
Published: August 2021

Resumo: O presente artigo tem o intuito de refletir sobre a história do ensino de filosofia no Brasil e o atual ensino de filosofia no contexto de uma escola de massa, tendo como base a Escola Estadual Doutor Odilon Loures, na cidade de Bocaiúva – MG, e os alunos matriculados nas turmas do 3º ano 1 e 2 do Ensino Médio da referida escola. Para a reflexão, propôs-se aos alunos encontros semanais para se refletir sobre a história da educação no Brasil e como esta, em uma escola de massa, consegue reproduzir as mesmas desigualdades históricas. Para esse intento, foram utilizados recursos didáticos literários e audiovisuais, como o conto Pai contra mãe, de Machado de Assis (1906), para tratar das relações sociais pautadas pela desigualdade no período escravista; o filme Quanto vale ou é por quilo? (2005), do diretor Sérgio Bianchi, para a análise filosófica das relações estabelecidas na sociedade atual como mantenedora das desigualdades históricas do tempo da escravidão, mas com uma roupagem diferente. Esta pesquisa busca mostrar que o ensino de filosofia pode pensar os problemas históricos brasileiros através de reflexões produzidas no âmbito nacional, sendo elas literárias ou cinematográficas, e que mudanças significativas podem ocorrer no âmbito menor da sala de aula e na relação estabelecida entre professor e aluno.
Rousseau e a educação popular
Authors: Ana Cristina Armond Ana Cristina , Almeida Júnior José Benedito de , Ferreira Regiani Cristina Jacinto
Published: August 2021

Resumo: O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar os princípios de uma educação popular a partir das obras de Jean-Jacques Rousseau, especialmente O Emílio ou da Educação e Considerações sobre o governo da Polônia. Apesar de Rousseau não ter utilizado o termo educação popular, este princípio aparece na obra Considerações quando ele observa que todos deveriam ter acesso à escola, pobres ou ricos. Ambas as obras estão unidas conceitualmente mesmo tendo diferentes propósitos. Quanto à questão da relação entre natureza e cultura para Rousseau observa-se que a educação da natureza, fundamentada no Emílio, não significa deixar a natureza educar a criança por si só, mas se propõe uma educação conforme e não contra a natureza. Portanto, Rousseau não é um crítico da cultura, mas de certo tipo de cultura que violenta o ser humano em favor de uma aparência de ordem e civilização.
My other car is your car: compromising the Tesla Model X keyless entry system
Authors: Wouters Lennert , Gierlichs Benedikt , Preneel Bart
Published: August 2021

This paper documents a practical security evaluation of the Tesla Model X keyless entry system. In contrast to other works, the keyless entry system analysed in this paper employs secure symmetric-key and public-key cryptographic primitives implemented by a Common Criteria certified Secure Element. We document the internal workings of this system, covering the key fob, the body control module and the pairing protocol. Additionally, we detail our reverse engineering techniques and document several security issues. The identified issues in the key fob firmware update mechanism and the key fob pairing protocol allow us to bypass all of the cryptographic security measures put in place. To demonstrate the practical impact of our research we develop a fully remote Proof-of-Concept attack that allows to gain access to the vehicle’s interior in a matter of minutes and pair a modified key fob, allowing to drive off. Our attack is not a relay attack, as our new key fob allows us to start the car anytime anywhere. Finally, we provide an analysis of the update performed by Tesla to mitigate our findings. Our work highlights how the increased complexity and connectivity of vehicular systems can result in a larger and easier to exploit attack surface.
CTIDH: faster constant-time CSIDH
Authors: Banegas Gustavo , Bernstein Daniel J. , Campos Fabio , Chou Tung , Lange Tanja , Meyer Michael , Smith Benjamin , Sotáková Jana
Published: August 2021

This paper introduces a new key space for CSIDH and a new algorithm for constant-time evaluation of the CSIDH group action. The key space is not useful with previous algorithms, and the algorithm is not useful with previous key spaces, but combining the new key space with the new algorithm produces speed records for constant-time CSIDH. For example, for CSIDH-512 with a 256-bit key space, the best previous constant-time results used 789000 multiplications and more than 200 million Skylake cycles; this paper uses 438006 multiplications and 125.53 million cycles.
Low-Latency Keccak at any Arbitrary Order
Authors: Zarei Sara , Rezaei Shahmirzadi Aein , Soleimany Hadi , Salarifard Raziyeh , Moradi Amir
Published: August 2021

Correct application of masking on hardware implementation of cryptographic primitives necessitates the instantiation of registers in order to achieve the non-completeness (commonly said to stop the propagation of glitches). This sometimes leads to a high latency overhead, making the implementation not necessarily suitable for the underlying application. As a concrete example, this holds for Keccak. Application of d + 1 Domain Oriented Masking (DOM) on a round-based implementation of Keccak leads to the introduction of two register stages per round, i.e., two times higher latency. On the other hand, Rhythmic-Keccak, introduced in CHES 2018, unrolls two rounds to half the latency compared to an unprotected ordinary round-based implementation. To that end, td + 1 masking is used which requires a notable area, and – apart from the difficulty to construct – its extension to higher orders seems beyond the bounds of feasibility.In this paper, we focus on d + 1 masking and introduce a methodology which enables us to stay with the latency of an unprotected round-based implementation, i.e., one register stage per round. While being secure under glitch-extended probing model, we provide a general design where the desired security order can be easily adjusted without any effect on the above-given latency. Compared to the Rhythmic-Keccak, the synthesis results show that our first-order design is able to accomplish the entire operations of Keccak-f[200] in the same period of time while decreasing the area by 74.5%. Notably, our implementations achieve around 30% less delay compared to the corresponding original DOM-Keccak designs.
Scabbard: a suite of efficient learning with rounding key-encapsulation mechanisms
Authors: Bermudo Mera Jose Maria , Karmakar Angshuman , Kundu Suparna , Verbauwhede Ingrid
Published: August 2021

In this paper, we introduce Scabbard, a suite of post-quantum keyencapsulation mechanisms. Our suite contains three different schemes Florete, Espada, and Sable based on the hardness of module- or ring-learning with rounding problem. In this work, we first show how the latest advancements on lattice-based cryptographycan be utilized to create new better schemes and even improve the state-of-the-art on post-quantum cryptography. We put particular focus on designing schemes that can optimally exploit the parallelism offered by certain hardware platforms and are also suitable for resource constrained devices. We show that this can be achieved without compromising the security of the schemes or penalizing their performance on other platforms.To substantiate our claims, we provide optimized implementations of our three new schemes on a wide range of platforms including general-purpose Intel processors using both portable C and vectorized instructions, embedded platforms such as Cortex-M4 microcontrollers, and hardware platforms such as FPGAs. We show that on each platform, our schemes can outperform the state-of-the-art in speed, memory footprint, or area requirements.
Yoroi: Updatable Whitebox Cryptography
Authors: Koike Yuji , Isobe Takanori
Published: August 2021

Whitebox cryptography aims to provide security in the whitebox setting where the adversary has unlimited access to the implementation and its environment. In order to ensure security in the whitebox setting, it should prevent key extraction attacks and code-lifting attacks, in which the adversary steals the original cryptographic implementation instead of the key, and utilizes it as a big key. Although recent published ciphers such as SPACE, SPNbox, and Whiteblock successfully achieve security against the key extraction attacks, they only provide mitigation of codelifting attack by the so-called space hardness and incompressibility properties of the underlying tables as the space-hard/incompressible table might be eventually stolen by continuous leakage. The complete prevention of such attacks may need to periodically update the secret key. However, that entails high costs and might introduce an additional vulnerability into the system due to the necessity for the reencryption of all data by the updated key. In this paper, we introduce a new property, denominated longevity, for whitebox cryptography. This property enhances security against code-lifting attacks with continuous leakage by updating incompressible tables instead of the secret key. We propose a family of new whitebox-secure block ciphers Yoroi that has the longevity property in addition to the space hardness. By updating its implementation periodically, Yoroi provides constant security against code-lifting attacks without key updating. Moreover, the performance of Yoroi is competitive with existing ciphers implementations in the blackbox and whitebox context.
Comparing international approaches to food safety regulation of GM and Novel Foods
Authors:   Campden BRI (Chipping Campden) Ltd
Published: August 2021

The global area of genetically modified (GM) crop production has considerably increased over the past two decades, with GM crops now cultivated in about 28 countries, accounting for over 10% of the world’s arable land. A 'novel food' is any food or substance that has not been used for human consumption to a significant degree within the EU before 15 May 1997. Since then, there has been over 90 novel foods authorisations approved for use by the EU. Novel foods and genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are subject to a large variation in regulatory approaches around the world, for which many countries have specifically developed their own regulatory frameworks to control the placement of such products on their markets.
LOCAIS PREFERIDOS:
Authors: De Sousa Evangelista Ariadne , Dias Gomes Marin Fátima Aparecida
Published: August 2021

O artigo faz parte da tese intitulada “Eu gosto de brincar, isso me faz feliz”! Paisagens e vivências das crianças em Presidente Prudente (SP). Neste recorte o objetivo foi investigar quais os locais de que as crianças mais gostavam na cidade para elucidar as paisagens pelas quais nutriam um sentimento de apreço. Compreender o olhar das crianças sobre os locais da cidade contribui para que a sociedade reflita sobre as Paisagens da Infância e as experiências que tem proporcionado a elas. A pesquisa qualitativa, caracterizada como estudo de caso, foi fundamentada na Sociologia da Infância e na Geografia da Infância. Os sujeitos foram dez crianças, de 10 a 11 anos, estudantes de escola pública de um bairro de exclusão social. O instrumento metodológico foi uma lista de locais de que mais gostavam na cidade. As crianças revelaram preferências por espaços de lazer públicos e privados, mas também apontaram: locais de consumo, instituições e locais íntimos. Defende-se que o ensino de Geografia proporcione situações para que as crianças compartilhem as suas vivências, apresentem as suas opiniões sobre a cidade e participem da construção de uma cidade mais humana, onde sejam ouvidas e tenham mais visibilidade e autonomia.

Palavras-chave

Criança, Cidade, Paisagem da Infância, Participação infantil.

 

FAVORITE PLACES: the visibility of children in the city

Abstract

This paper is part of the thesis entitled “I like to play, it makes me happy”! Landscapes and experiences of children in Presidente Prudente (SP). In this cut the purpose was to investigate which places the children liked the most in the city to elucidate the landscapes for which they nurtured a feeling of appreciation. Understanding the children's view of the places in the city helps society to reflect on Childhood Landscapes and the experiences it has provided them. The qualitative research, characterized as a case study, was based on Childhood Sociology and Childhood Geography. The subjects were ten children, from 10 to 11 years old, students of public school in a neighborhood of social exclusion. The methodological instrument was a list of places they liked the most in the city. Children revealed preferences for public and private leisure spaces, but also pointed out: places of consumption, institutions and intimate places. It is argued that the teaching of Geography has to provide situations for children to share their experiences, to present their opinions about the city and to participate in the construction of a more humane city, where they can be heard and have more visibility and autonomy.

Keywords

Child, City, Childhood Landscape, Child participation.
Ciência e tecnologia: indispensáveis!
Authors: Consolaro Alberto
Published: August 2021

Editorial
Mesialização de molar por meio de mini-implantes: uma solução para perda de dentes com comprometimento radicular
Authors: Lemos Andréia Regina Boff , Borges Márcio Feitosa , Peloso Renan Morais , Freitas Karina Maria Salvatore , Valarelli Fabrício Pinelli
Published: August 2021

A utilização de mini-implantes para a mesialização de molares na rotina da clínica ortodôntica tem produzido resultados bastante satisfatórios, visto que tal movimentação ocorre com maior controle do profissional evitando-se os efeitos colaterais indesejáveis nos dentes adjacentes, pois toda a força aplicada é realizada no dispositivo de ancoragem fixa. Este trabalho tem o intuito de relatar o tratamento de uma paciente adulta com a indicação clínica de extração de um molar permanente, cujo espaço da extração foi fechado por meio de mecânica de mesialização apoiada em mini-implante. Ao final do tratamento, obteve-se o fechamento total do espaço proporcionando uma oclusão satisfatória.
Hipoplasia e traços de chumbo no esmalte dentário superficial: relato de 2 casos
Authors: Domingues Cristiane Sabino Vianna de Oliveira , Luz Maciel Santos , Papai Rodrigo , Kato Melissa Thiemi
Published: August 2021

A presença do chumbo na composição química do esmalte dentário pode gerar hipoplasias, aumentar o risco de desmineralização e cárie. A partir de um grupo original de 17 participantes, foram determinados e comparados os resultados de níveis prévios de chumbo no esmalte dentário superficial saudável e no esmalte afetado por hipoplasia em 2 casos. Foram realizadas microbiópsias ácidas in vivo de esmalte dentário superficial, analisadas por espectrometria de emissão óptica com plasma indutivamente acoplado (ICP OES) para determinação do fósforo (P) e espectrometria de absorção atômica de forno de grafite (GF AAS) para determinação do chumbo (Pb). Caso 1: O teor de P na solução ácida referente ao esmalte saudável foi 25.200 mgP/L ± 0.200 e na solução referente à hipoplasia foi 16.400 mgP/L ± 0.100. O nível de chumbo na área de esmalte saudável foi de 20.02 ppm e 18.04 ppm na área de hipoplasia. Caso 2: O teor de P na solução ácida referente ao esmalte saudável foi 35.800 mgP/L ± 0.300 e na solução referente à hipoplasia foi 2.720 mgP/L ± 0.030. O nível de chumbo na área de esmalte saudável foi de 4.37 ppm e 236.69 ppm na área de hipoplasia. Houve diferença estatisticamente significativa em relação ao teor de fósforo e profundidade da biópsia na comparação das médias entre os dois casos de hipoplasia e esmalte saudável do grupo de origem dos casos.
Knowledge and Risk Perception of COVID-19 and the Willingness to Take COVID-19 Vaccine among Tertiary Institution Students in Jos, Plateau State: a Comparative Assessment of Medical and Nursing Students
Authors: Agbo H , Noel NB , Nkala CA , Mamza JJ , Balogun RO
Published: August 2021

Background: Coronavirus disease has assumed increasing public health importance globally, especially in terms of its impact on the health systems and economies. Despite the abundance of information on COVID-19 in the public domain, misinformation is rife and the uptake of COVID-19 vaccine is tainted by controversies and cynicisms. This study compared the knowledge and risk perception of COVID-19 between medical and nursing students in Jos and their willingness to take the vaccine.

Methods: This was a comparative cross-sectional study among 186 medical and 129 nursing students in Jos selected through a stratified sampling technique. Data was collected through a semi-structured self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23. A p-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: Medical students had significantly better knowledge (55.4% vs 5.4%) and risk perception (93.5% vs 47.3%) of COVID-19 compared to the nursing students (˂0.0001). One hundred and fifty seven respondents (71.1%) were vaccine-hesitant and this was worse in the nursing students (82.9%) than in the medical students (62.9%). Lack of trust for a COVID-19 vaccine bothering on its efficacy, safety profile, adverse effects, and rapidity of development and testing were the leading reasons for vaccine hesitancy.

Conclusion: Medical students had better knowledge and perception of COVID-19 risk than their nursing counterparts. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is high among medical and nursing students. Therefore, further education by school authorities on COVID-19 and the role of vaccines in its control is necessary
THE EFFECT OF COVID 19 FEAR ON QUALITY OF LIFE IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS: A CORRELATION STUDY IN TURKEY
Authors: PARLAK Ayşe Gül , AKGÜN ŞAHİN Zümrüt
Published: August 2021

Aim: The study aimed to determine the effect of Covid 19 Fear on Quality of Life in Hemodialysis Patients.

Method: Descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in Turkey. The research was conducted between October 2020 and January 2021. Data were collected from four dialysis centers. A webbased survey was used. Covid 19 Fear Scale and Nottingham Health Profile tolls was used.

Results: It was found that the fear of the patients increased due to the risk of Covid 19 and therefore their quality of life decreased. The pandemic process experienced fear due to emotional problems, sleep problems, social isolation and physical activity limitation.

Conclusion and Suggestions: It has been determined that the fear of Covid 19 negatively affects life activities and makes life difficult. In pandemic, it is necessary to carefully evaluate hemodialysis patients. Healthcare professionals serving hemodialysis patients should also help solve their psychological problems.
KLİNİSYEN HEMŞİRELERİN ÖĞRENCİ HEMŞİRELERE DEĞER VERMESİNİ ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLER ÜZERİNE: KALİTATİF BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: METİN Ayşe , KULAKAÇ Özen
Published: August 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışma klinik hemşirelerin öğrenci hemşirelere değer vermesini etkileyen faktörleri açığa çıkarmak amacıyla yapılan niteliksel bir araştırmadır.

Yöntem: Araştırmada fenomenolojik araştırma tasarımı kullanılmıştır. Katılımcılar amaçlı örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilmiş 10 klinisyen hemşireden oluşmuştur. Katılımcılarla yarı yapılandırılmış soru formu aracılığıyla bireysel derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Betimsel analiz yöntemiyle veriler analiz edilmiştir.

Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan hemşirelerle yapılan görüşmeler doğrultusunda “öğrenciye değer vermede güçlük yaşayan hemşireler” ve “öğrenciye kolaylıkla değer verebilen hemşireler” olmak üzere iki ana tema oluşmuştur. Her iki tema için; hemşirelerin bireysel özellikleri, mesleğe ilişkin görüşleri ve öğrenci ile ilgili görüşleri olmakla beraber, “öğrenciye değer vermede güçlük yaşayan hemşireler” teması altında kuşak farklılığı ve “öğrenciye kolaylıkla değer verebilen hemşireler” teması altında okul hastane işbirliği olmak üzere dört alt tema belirlenmiştir. Öğrenciye değer vermede güçlük yaşayan hemşirelerin bireysel özellikleri arasında negatif tutumlu olma, ailevi sorunlara sahip olma, iletişime ve gelişime kapalı olma; öğrenciye değer vermede güçlük yaşayan hemşirelerin mesleğe ilişkin görüşleri arasında iş odaklı olma, mesleği benimseme ve mesleki gelişim kaygısında olmama, öğrenciyle ilgili olarak ise öğrencinin mesleki prezantasyonundan ve kişilik özelliklerinden yüksek düzeyde etkilendikleri, öğrenciyi iş yükü olarak gördükleri aynı zamanda kuşak farklılıklarını vurguladıkları saptanmıştır. Öğrenciye kolaylıkla değer verebilen hemşirelerin bireysel özelliklerinin pozitif, güler yüzlü, empatik, yardımsever, kolaylaştırıcı olduğu, iletişime ve gelişime açık oldukları, mesleğe ilişkin odaklarının bakım olduğu, mesleği benimsedikleri, doyurucu, tatmin edici buldukları, öğrenciye değer vermelerinin yine öğrenci özelliklerinden (dürüst, ilkeli, girişken, güler yüzlü, duyarlı, etkili iletişim kurabilen) ve öğrencinin mesleğe ve hastaya yakın oluşundan etkilendiği ortaya çıkmıştır.

Sonuçlar ve Öneriler: Kavramlar arasında ilişki kurulduğunda hemşirelerin hemşirelik öğrencisine değer vermesini; hemşirelerin bireysel özellikleri, mesleğe bakışları ve öğrenci hakkındaki düşünceleri etkilemektedir.
Desempeño docente de las Promotoras Educativas Comunitarias de los Programas no Escolarizados de Educación Inicial, Distrito de Nieva Amazonas
Authors: Vásquez Pérez Janet Karina
Published: August 2021

Fue propósito de esta investigar describir los niveles de desempeño de las Promotoras Educadoras Comunitarias del Programa No Escolarizado de Educación Inicial de la provincia de Condorcanqui, Región Amazonas, se recolecto los datos utilizando la guía de observación del MINEDU. La investigación fue de tipo teórica, por su alcance descriptivo y por su finalidad cuantitativa; se hizo uso del método descriptivo; el diseño de investigación fue descriptivo simple, se tomó una muestra de 42 promotoras en actividad. La conclusión general a la que se arribó en la investigación fue, el desempeño de las Promotoras Educativas Comunitarias se encuentra en nivel alto en 60% para 2020, la dimensión actividades autónomas y cuidados en nivel medio en 55%; la dimensión, juego libre en sectores, en el nivel alto 48%, y la dimensión Proyectos, se encuentra en nivel medio en un 69% de las promotoras comunitarias.
Como “ciência e arte”: estratégias de legitimação da farmácia e conflitos entre os praticantes de cura em Minas Gerais (1890-1899)
Authors: Neves Abreu Jean
Published: August 2021

Um dos aspectos abordados pela história da saúde se relaciona com o processo de profissionalização dos ofícios de cura e os conflitos com as demais práticas de cura. O artigo busca abordar como, na década de 1890, os farmacêuticos em Minas Gerais buscaram legitimar seu ofício e os conflitos com os demais tipos de curadores, em particular os práticos e os curandeiros. Nesse sentido, a partir do Minas Geraes, órgão oficial da Imprensa do Estado, entre 1889 e 1899, e as correspondências do Fundo Secretaria do Interior, do Arquivo Público Mineiro, procura-se mostrar como as mudanças ocorridas durante os primeiros anos da República no campo da saúde pública e os desdobramentos dos debates em torno das artes de curar no período marcaram a atuação dos farmacêuticos em Minas Gerais.
Brenda Lee e o acontecimento discursivo da aids, década de 1980 em São Paulo
Authors: Almeida Nicolau Marcio
Published: August 2021

Problematizo aqui a ênfase discursiva dos jornais Folha e Estado de São Paulo em torno do acontecimento da aids nos anos 1980, que cruza alvos da biopolítica à disciplinarização do corpo. Abordo as práticas de normalização violenta, de controle, governamento, agenciadas na e pela discursividade da imprensa, que participaram da subjetivação de travestis, naqueles anos. Ao destacar Brenda Lee, realço histórias de re-existências à lógica cis e heterocentrada que pensa a doença como sendo própria das travestilidades. Considerando que “gênero” é histórica e discursivamente construído/subvertido, destaco os jogos de verdade por meio dos quais e a partir dos quais travestis foram levadas a dar sentidos às suas existências. E os modos como desestabilizaram discursos que se obstinam em naturalizar a morte e a doença como destino de certas corporeidades.