bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perfil facial blando y relación distal de segundos molares en niños con dentición primaria completa
Authors: Maldonado Araya Felipe , Campos Pardo Mauricio , García Prado Andrea , Cereceda Miranda María Angélica
Published: October 2019

Objetivo. Evaluar los tipos de perfil facial blando mediante los ángulos de convexidad facial (ACF) y convexidad facial total (ACFT) y su relación con la posición distal de los segundos molares primarios en niños entre 3 y 5 años. Métodos. Estudio transversal en 28 niños chilenos con al menos un apellido de origen español y dentición primaria completa, quienes cumplían con los requisitos del estudio. Para evaluar el ACF y ACFT se tomó fotografía digital estandarizada del perfil lateral. Con la prueba exacta de Fisher se comparó los perfiles blandos según edad y género, y con t de Student para muestra única se evaluó los promedios angulares. Resultados. Para el ACF la media fue 167,1° ± 5,1, y para ACFT 145,8° ± 3,7. Se observó convexidad alta del ACF en 21,4% de los niños, media en 60,7% y baja en 17,9%; y para el ACFT en 17,9%, 67,9% y 14,2% respectivamente. El promedio del ACF para la relación molar escalón mesial, plano vertical y escalón distal fue de 169,2° ± 3.7, 168° ± 4,9 y 162,5°±4,8, mientras que para ACFT fue 146,7° ± 4,4, 146,3° ± 3,6 y 143,5° ± 2,8 respectivamente. Conclusiones. Se observó para ACF relación significativa entre la presencia de perfil convexo alto y escalón distal, además de diferencia significativa entre el promedio de este ángulo en escalón distal en comparación al promedio de referencia. El ACF puede ser indicador aceptable de escalón distal, sin embargo, no es certero al evaluar un plano vertical o escalón mesial.
Tratamiento de lesión periapical con obturación retrógrada e injerto óseo. Reporte de un caso
Authors: Jarrín Peñafiel María José , Castro Pallaroso Jaime Arturo , Toscano Viteri Vicente Mauricio
Published: October 2019

El objetivo de este estudio es presentar un caso en el que tras el fracaso del tratamiento endodóntico se observó una lesión quística en el periápice. El presente caso trata de una paciente femenina de 39 años de edad, sin antecedentes médicos relevantes quien asistió a la clínica odontológica SERODU, determinando a la palpación la presencia de una tumefacción de consistencia blanda que estaría afectando la integridad del tejido óseo, sin sintomatología. Las pruebas de vitalidad pulpar resultaron negativas. Al examen radiográfico se observó una sombra radiolúcida compatible con lesión periapical crónica que afecta a las piezas dentales 11 y 12. Por lo que se decidió llevar a cabo la cirugía periapical con apicectomía, sellado apical retrógrado y enucleación de la lesión quística, seguido de regeneración ósea guiada. A los tres meses de control, radiográficamente se encontró una zona radiopaca compatible con regeneración ósea con un halo radiolúcido de separación con el hueso basal original, y a los seis meses, se observó la regeneración ósea completa. La técnica de obturación retrógrada e injerto óseo constituye una técnica de tratamiento efectivo para el sellado del conducto a nivel apical y la regeneración de defectos periapicales de gran tamaño.
Distracción osteogénica del maxilar y manejo ortodóncico integral en paciente con síndrome de Pfeiffer. Reporte de caso
Authors: Leiva Noemí , Stange Carolina , Ayala Francisca , Fuentes Vanessa , Gloria Morovic Carmen
Published: October 2019

Síndrome de Pfeiffer es una craneosinostosis de herencia autosómica dominante, cuyas manifestaciones clínicas son tanto a nivel cráneofacial como en extremidades superiores e inferiores. El tratamiento para estos pacientes debe ser efectuado por un equipo multidisciplinario y representa un gran desafío para los profesionales de la salud. El objetivo de este artículo es exponer el caso de una paciente adolescente diagnosticada con síndrome de Pfeiffer, que presentaba hipoplasia maxilar severa, maloclusión de Clase III y overjet negativo; tratada con distracción osteogénica usando dispositivo RED (rigid external distractor) asociado a aparatología ortodóncica fija. Los resultados cumplieron con las expectativas terapéuticas y estéticas de la paciente, mostrando estabilidad en la evaluación 20 meses post tratamiento.
Programa escuela-empresa, antecedente de formación dual: Caso Universidad Tecnológica del Norte de Aguascalientes, México
Authors: Rocha López Marcela , Alemán Macías Luis Ernesto
Published: October 2019

La demanda del sector empresarial de profesionistas competentes requiere que las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) oferten programas de estudios relevantes y pertinentes que tengan una aplicación inmediata y respondan a las necesidades de este sector. Una de las acciones concretas de la Universidad Tecnológica del Norte de Aguascalientes (UTNA), es el programa escuela-empresa implementado en la carrera de Contaduría, que resalta la necesidad de vincular lo académico y lo laboral, resultando de esta interrelación un estudiante competente capaz de aplicar los contenidos teóricos en un entorno laboral. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar los elementos de la formación dual y su aplicación en México, para determinar el grado de relación entre esta y el programa escuela-empresa aplicado en la UTNA. Para esto fue necesario describir las actividades que los estudiantes de la carrera de contaduría de la UTNA realizan durante su estancia en un despacho contable y cómo se logran ligar los contenidos académicos a las mismas. Se analizaron las bitácoras de reportes semanales para identificar las actividades más frecuentes y su posible relación con las asignaturas del plan de estudios, así como el incremento por año de los despachos que permiten trabajar con el programa. Los resultados permitieron identificar actividades frecuentes y su relación con los contenidos teóricos y académicos de los planes de estudio.
Caracterización de una charca estacional del norte de Colombia y aspectos biológicos y ecológicos de Dendrocephalus affinis
Authors: Serna-Macías Daniel José , Eslava-Eljaiek Pedro , Tamaris-Turizo Cesar Enrique
Published: October 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el cuerpo de agua y los sedimentos de una charca estacional, además de describir el ciclo de vida y proporciones de sexo de Dendrocephalus affinis en condiciones de laboratorio. La charca se muestreó desde 2010 hasta 2012, la cual se caracterizó la fisicoquímica del agua y la granulometría y metales pesados del sedimento. Simultáneamente se tomaron muestras de sedimento para recolectar los quistes usados para la descripción del ciclo de vida, la supervivencia y proporción de sexo de D. affinis en laboratorio. La charca mostró condiciones mesotróficas en época de lluvia y mayor carga orgánica en época seca. El suelo dominante fue lodoso, lo cual facilitó la retención de agua. Los metales pesados mostraron concentraciones dentro del rango habitual en estos ambientes. Los macroinvertebrados asociados estuvieron conformados por representantes de siete órdenes y 28 géneros, de los cuales los órdenes Hemiptera y Coleoptera fueron los más abundantes con el 39.7 y 31.8% respectivamente. El ensayo de laboratorio mostró que los nauplios de D. affinis vivieron 30 días, y tuvieron una supervivencia del 31.6%. Este trabajo también contribuyó con una descripción una charca estacional del ciclo de vida de D. affinis en condiciones de laboratorio. Dendrocephalus affinis mostró ser un organismo con corto ciclo de vida, de crecimiento rápido y alta tasa de supervivencia, lo cual favorece su uso como potencial alimento vivo en la acuicultura.
Factors Associated With Asthma Diagnosis Within Five Years of a Bronchiolitis Hospitalization: A Retrospective Cohort Study in a High Asthma Prevalence Population
Authors: Clark Amanda J. , Dong Nancy , Roth Talia , Douglas Lindsey C.
Published: October 2019

OBJECTIVES:

Bronchiolitis, the leading cause of infant hospitalizations in the United States, is associated with increased risk of childhood asthma. We hypothesized that factors during a bronchiolitis hospitalization were associated with subsequent asthma.

METHODS:

This is a retrospective cohort study at an urban, tertiary-care children’s hospital of infants <12 months old, hospitalized for bronchiolitis. The primary outcome measure was an asthma diagnosis, defined as a billing code for an asthma visit or a prescription for controller medication, within 5 years of discharge from the bronchiolitis hospitalization.

RESULTS:

There were 534 infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis, of which 294 (55.1%) were diagnosed with asthma, and 102 (19.1%) were hospitalized for asthma within 5 years of discharge. There was significant interaction between age and family history. In both models, female sex was protective (odds ratio [OR] 0.46). Age and race were only associated with asthma in infants without a family history of asthma: age (OR 1.19; 95% confidence interval 1.08–1.32) and race (OR 4.06; 95% confidence interval 1.56–10.58). Hospitalization length, ICU stay, albuterol treatments received, supplemental oxygen, respiratory support, highest respiratory rate, and respiratory syncytial virus infection were not associated with asthma diagnosis.

CONCLUSIONS:

More than 55% of infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis developed asthma within 5 years of discharge. Demographic and family history variables were independently associated with asthma. However, hospital-based variables during the bronchiolitis hospitalization were not independently associated with asthma. These results can direct further research and differentiate anticipatory guidance for infants with bronchiolitis at risk for asthma.
Recent Trends in Infant Car Seat Tolerance Screening Failure Within a Large Health Care System, 2014–2018
Authors: McLaurin-Jiang Skyler , Hannon Emily A. , Seashore Carl , Orr Colin J. , Ritter Victor , Flower Kori B.
Published: October 2019

OBJECTIVES:

To describe temporal trends in car seat tolerance screening (CSTS) failure within a large hospital system (2014–2018).

METHODS:

We conducted a retrospective cohort study using electronic medical record data for infants who underwent a CSTS. Our primary outcome measure was the CSTS failure rate. Covariates included year, CSTS location (well nursery or NICU), gestational age (GA), race, sex, birth weight, CSTS date, and age at CSTS. Associations of covariates with CSTS failure were examined by using χ2 tests, t tests, analysis of variance, and Wilcoxon rank tests. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the adjusted odds of CSTS failure.

RESULTS:

Of 4849 infants tested, the failure rate was 8.1% (n = 394). Most CSTS occurred in the well nursery (79.5%) and involved late preterm (55.2%) or term infants (23.7%). In bivariate analyses, year, unit location, higher birth weight, younger chronological age at testing, and higher GA were positively associated with CSTS failure (P < .05). After stratification by CSTS location, the CSTS failure rate rose in the well nursery but remained stable in the NICU, and use of screening rose among term infants. In the adjusted model, year, GA, and corrected gestational age at CSTS were associated with failure. Each subsequent year was associated with a 19% increase in odds of CSTS failure (P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS:

We found a higher rate of CSTS failure in the well nursery compared with the NICU, and the difference in failure rates increased over time. Improved understanding of infants at the highest risk of CSTS failure could impact routine screening guidelines.
Study on the Microscopic Characteristics of Ferruginous cement of Banguo Earth Forest in Yuan mou area, Yunnan, China
Authors: Luo Penghui , Zhang Shitao , Tian Yimin , Ding Fei , Xu Zongming
Published: October 2019

The column height of earth forest is generally 8~30m in yuanmou county of yunnan province, which is far higher than the self-supporting height of general soil column. Ferruginous cement is an important reason for formation of the tall and erect columnar soil. Macroscopic physical and mechanical tests confirmed that the strength of the stratum containing ferruginous cement was much higher than that of the formation without ferruginous cement. The microstructure and morphology of ferruginous cement were analyzed by SEM and EDS. It is found that ferruginous cement is mainly composed of iron compounds and clay minerals, which only exists in certain stratum. In the process of growth, Iron compounds chemically bond with clay minerals during growth to form ferruginous cements, which first form unique sphere on the surface of particles or clay minerals. It then clumps together and fills the spaces between the particles. Finally, the dispersed particles are connected together to form a stable lamellar spatial structure, which greatly improves the strength of the soil. Through the study of ferruginous cement, the mechanism of this natural curing agent is understood, which enriches the research content in this field.
O Marketing Cria Necessidades?: Análise da Percepção de Docentes e Discentes de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior
Authors: Moreira Roseilda Nunes , Silva Aline Pereira da , Bizarria Fabiana Pinto de Almeida , Barbosa Flávia Lorenne Sampaio
Published: October 2019

Objetivou-se com esta pesquisa analisar se o marketing cria necessidades nas pessoas, considerando a percepção de discentes e docentes dos cursos de Administração e Publicidade e Propaganda de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior da cidade de Fortaleza, Ceará. Foram realizadas pesquisas bibliográfica, documental e de campo, com abordagem exploratória e descritiva, de natureza qualitativa e quantitativa. Os dados foram levantados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada com sete docentes e aplicação de 150 questionários semiestruturados com discentes. Para a análise dos resultados utilizou-se análise de conteúdo, identificando categorias sobre marketing. Os resultados apontam que acredita-se que o marketing cria necessidades e que docentes e discentes confundem-se quanto ao entendimento sobre a diferença entre desejos e necessidades. Observou-se que as palavras “satisfação”, “atendimento” e “identificar” são as mais presentes, antecedendo o termo necessidade. Infere-se, que as necessidades são intrínsecas ao ser humano e que o de marketing pode atuar no desenvolvimento de desejos. Algumas disciplinas que contribuem para a conceituação, especialmente Marketing,Economia e Psicologia, podem auxiliar no desenvolvimento conceitual do tema, aprofundando a compreensão e a interpretação dos termos correlatos ao tema da pesquisa.
ANÁLISE DO NÍVEL DE SATISFAÇÃO DOS CLIENTES DE UMA EMPRESA DE PEQUENO PORTE
Authors: Pavoni Isabella Botelho , Cardoso André Luís Janzkovski
Published: October 2019

O objetivo do estudo foi analisar o nível de satisfação de clientes de uma pequena empresa do setor de estética, localizada na cidade de Rondonópolis-MT, a partir dos aspectos demográficos. Abordagens quantitativas e qualitativas foram utilizadas, apoiadas pelo método SERVPERF. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionários físicos e eletrônicos, e foram analisados por meio do software Statistical Package of Social Sciences, aplicando-se estatística bivariada, análise fatorial, teste de confiabilidade, análise de correlação e comparativo entre médias. Com base na análise fatorial, as respostas foram agrupadas em quatro fatores que foram testados, considerando os aspectos demográficos dos clientes. Os resultados indicam que os dados estavam significativamente correlacionados e que o método SERVPERF foi adequado para o processamento e análise dos dados. Das seis hipóteses formuladas inicialmente, três foram corroboradas. Os dados qualitativos também foram utilizados para complementar a análise quantitativa, evidenciando os achados e apontando para diferentes percepções de clientes.
Statistical Stability Analysis of Stationary Markov Models
Authors: Doronina Julia , Skatkov Aleksander
Published: October 2019

An approach is proposed to assess the quality of stationary Markov models without absorbing states on the basis of a measure of statistical stability: the description is formulated and its properties are determined. It is shown that the estimates of statistical stability of models were raised by different authors, either as a methodological aspect of the model quality, or within the framework of other model properties. When solving practical problems of simulation, for example, based on Markov models, there is a pronounced problem of ensuring the dimension of the required samples. On the basis of the introduced formulations, a constructive approach to solving the problems of sample size optimization and statistical volatility analysis of the Markov model to the emerging anomalies with restrictions on the accuracy of the results is proposed, which ensures the required reliability and the exclusion of non-functional redundancy.

To analyze the type of transitions in the transition matrix, a measure of its divergence (normalized and centered) is introduced. This measure does not have the completeness of the description and is used as an illustrative characteristic of the models of a certain property. The estimation of the divergence of transition matrices can be useful in the study of models with high sensitivity of detection of the studied properties of objects. The key stages of the approach associated with the study of quasi-homogeneous models are formulated.

Quantitative estimates of statistical stability and statistical volatility of the model are proposed on the example of modeling a real technical object with failures, recovery and prevention. The effectiveness of the proposed approaches in solving the problem of statistical stability analysis in the problems of qualimetric analysis of quasi-homogeneous models of complex systems is shown. On the basis of the offered constructive approach the operational tool of decision-making on parametric and functional adjustment of difficult technical objects on long-term and short-term prospects is received.
Automated Detection of Assets and Calculation of their Criticality for the Analysis of Information System Security
Authors: Doynikova Elena , Fedorchenko Andrey , Kotenko Igor
Published: October 2019

The research aims to develop the technique for an automated detection of information system assets and comparative assessment of their criticality for farther security analysis of the target infrastructure. The assets are all information and technology objects of the target infrastructure. The size, heterogeneity, complexity of interconnections, distribution and constant modification of the modern information systems complicate this task. An automated and adaptive determination of information and technology assets and connections between them based on the determination of the static and dynamic objects of the initially uncertain infrastructure is rather challenging problem. The paper proposes dynamic model of connections between objects of the target infrastructure and the technique for its building based on the event correlation approach. The developed technique is based on the statistical analysis of the empirical data on the system events. The technique allows determining main types of analysed infrastructure, their characteristics and hierarchy. The hierarchy is constructed considering the frequency of objects use, and as the result represents their relative criticality for the system operation. For the listed goals the indexes are introduced that determine belonging of properties to the same type, joint use of the properties, as well as dynamic indexes that characterize the variability of properties relative to each other. The resulting model is used for the initial comparative assessment of criticality for the system objects. The paper describes the input data, the developed models and proposed technique for the assets detection and comparison of their criticality. The experiments that demonstrate an application of the developed technique on the example of analyzing security logs of Windows operating system are provided.
Simulation Model of Electric Code-Modulated Signal in Russian Systems of Interval Control of Train Movement Based on Track Circuit
Authors: Prisukhina Ilona , Borisenko Dmitry , Lunev Sergey
Published: October 2019

Systems of interval control of train movement Signaling systems, which are currently in service in Russian railways, use the electric track circuit as the main data channel between signals and locomotives. Code-modulated electric signals transferred through that channel are frequently get corrupted which leads to railway traffic delays.

Decoding of the electric signal received from a track circuit can be represented as an image classification problem, and thus the stability of the data channel could be significantly improved.

However, to build such a classifier based on some machine learning algorithm, one needs a large dataset. In this article, a simulation model to synthesize this dataset is proposed.

The structure of the computer model matches the main stages of the electric code-modulated signal generation in a track circuit: code signal generator, rails, locomotive receiver.

Based on code signal generator schematic and waveform diagrams, a generator algorithm is developed. At this stage, we modeled timings of electric code signals according to the specification as well as their random deviations caused by various factors.

The analysis of substitution circuits of the rail line revealed that it has the properties of a low-pass filter. So, the rail line using the Butterworth digital filter with corresponding parameters is modeled. Additionally, at this stage, random noise during transmission was taken into account.

A similar technique is applied for modeling of a locomotive receiver which has a band-pass filter as the first signal processing block.

Thus, the proposed simulation model consists of a set of algorithms which run in series. By varying the parameters of the model, one can synthesize waveform diagrams of the electric code-modulated signal received by the locomotive equipment from a track circuit working in various modes and conditions.
Vascular tone auto-regulation in young men with arterial hypertension: antihypertensive therapy effects
Authors: Davidovich I. M. , Afonaskov O. V. , Porotikova E. V.
Published: October 2019

Aim. To assess vaso-regulating endothelial function and vascular tone auto-regulation status, in regard to arterial hypertension (AH) duration and stage, as well as to investigate the respective effects of antihypertensive therapy (AHT), in young men with AH. Material and methods. The study included 49 men with Stage I-II AH (mean age 39,3±0,8 years), not treated before or treated irregularly. The controls were 22 men with normal blood pressure (BP) levels (mean age 37,5±1,7 years). The examination included 24-hour BP monitoring (BPM) and assessment of endothelium-dependent vasodilatation (EDVD) and time-adjusted mean arterial velocity (TAMX) in functional tests. Results. In young men with Stage I-II AH, in contrast to normotensive men, EDVD and reactivity indices (RIs) were decreased in functional TAMX assessment tests. These changes in EDVD and RIs were observed even in patients with relatively short AH duration or Stage I AH. Effective AHT resulted not only in target BP level achievement, but also in normalisation of EDVD and vascular tone auto-regulation. Conclusion. ACE inhibitors (lisinopril and enalapril) normalised EDVD and vascular tone auto-regulation parameters in young men with AH.
Correlation between some cardiovascular risk factors and blood pressure dysregulation in young people
Authors: Evsevyeva M. E. , Nikulina G. P. , Sergeeva O. V. , Baturina M. V. , Rostovtseva M. V. , Naymanova Z. N. , Podushinskiy A. Yu.
Published: October 2019

Aim. To assess the correlations between office and ambulatory blood pressure (BP) levels and some cardiovascular risk factors (RFs) in healthy young people and young people with BP dysregulation. Material and methods. In total, 234 male and female students of the Stavropol State Medical Academy were examined (73 men, 161 women; age 18-23 years, mean age 21,4±0,2 years). The standard questionnaire included items on family history and behavioural risk factors. The examination also included anthropometry, psychological symptom questionnaire survey, office BP measurement, and ambulatory BP monitoring. Results. RFs of cardiovascular disease (CVD) were widely prevalent in the students examined, with the rates in males being 2-3 times higher than in females. Arterial hypertension (AH) was presented by its labile forms – isolated office AH and masked AH. Participants with these AH forms, compared to healthy students, were characterized by a greater number and greater strength of the correlations between office or ambulatory BP parameters and some CVD RFs.

Conclusion. The association between labile AH and leading CVD RFs in young people points to the need for regarding individuals with labile AH as a risk group and for optimising preventive programs in students.
Heart rate variability in patients with psoriatic arthritis: associations with systemic inflammation and traditional cardiovascular risk factors
Authors: Gaydukova I. Z. , Poddubnyi D. A. , Rebrov A. P.
Published: October 2019

Aim. To identify the disturbances of vegetative heart regulation and their associations with systemic inflammation activity in patients with psoriatic arthritic (PsA). Material and methods. The main group (MG) included 32 PsA patients without cardiovascular disease, CVD (mean age 44,62±11,6 years; mean PsA duration 10,32±10,2 years; 52,3% men). The control group (CG) included 25 healthy volunteers (mean age 40,33±11,8 years; 49,1% men). Time and spectral parameters of heart rate variability (HRV) were assessed. PsA activity was assessed by DAS index, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and fibrinogen (FG) levels. Cardiovascular risk (CVR) was calculated, based on the following parameters: lipid spectr arterial hypertension, body mass index, and family history of CVD. Results. Compared to CG, all HRV parameters were affected in MG patients (p<0,01). HRV parameters were associated with PsA activity (ESR, CRP, FG, enthesitis), as well as with CVD risk factors (dyslipidemia, age). Conclusion. In PsA patients, disturbed vegetative heart regulation was manifested in reduced HRV and activated sympathetic HRV component. These disturbances were associated with traditional CVD risk factors and systemic inflammation activity.
Effectiveness and safety of the ACE inhibitor and diuretic combination in postmenopausal women with arterial hypertension
Authors: Semenkova G. G. , Matvienko E. E.
Published: October 2019

Aim.To assess effectiveness, tolerability, and safety of combined antihypertensive therapy (AHT) with an ACE inhibitor (perindopril) and thiazide-like diuretic (indapamide) in postmenopausal women with arterial hypertension (AH).Material and methods.This open, one-centre study included 43 postmenopausal women with AH. For 3 months, the patients in the main group (MG; n=22) received indapamide MR (modified release) (1,5 mg/d) and perindopril. The comparison group (CG; n=21) was administered non-MR indapamide (2,5 mg/d) and perindopril. The dynamics of office blood pressure (BP) levels, 24-hour BP monitoring parameters, laboratory parameters, quality of life (QoL), as well as therapy safety and tolerability, was assessed.Results.In both groups, the treatment was clinically effective, safe, and QoL-improving. Target BP levels were achieved in the majority of the patients: 85,3 % and 72,4 % in the MG and CG, respectively. The combination therapy including indapamide MR provided greater improvement of circadian BP rhythm, larger reduction in both morning BP surge and increased BP variability, as well as target BP achievement in higher proportion of the patients.Conclusion.In postmenopausal women with AH, combined therapy with perindopril and indapamide MR provided more benefits, compared to the treatment with perindopril and non-MR indapamide.
High-definition electrocardiography potential in identifying the reasons for unstable clinical course of coronary heart disease
Authors: Latfullin I. A. , Kim Z. F. , Teptin G. M. , Mamedova L. E. , Khromova A. M.
Published: October 2019

Aim. To investigate the correlation between clinical and morphological characteristics of coronary heart disease (CHD) and high-definition electrocardiography (HD-ECG) parameters. Material and methods. In total, 85 patients with unstable angina and ST segment depression (ST-UA) underwent HD-ECG during the angina attack, with late ventricular potential (LVP) analysis. One-year survival data were also analysed. Post-mortem histological examination of cardiac tissue was performed in 6 patients with ST-UA. Results. The important morphologic features of ST-UA included cardiomyocyte (CMC) dystrophy, due to acute and chronic myocardial ischemia, and acute injury in the cardiac conduction areas. LVPs were registered in 27 % of the ST-UA patients, mostly among people with transient myocardial ischemia (69,57 %). In patients who previ-ously underwent myocardial infarction, LVP prevalence was lower (28,57 %). At the early stages of hospitalization, LVP were registered in 14 patients (60,87 %), while pharmacotherapy and clinical course stabilization were associated with decreased LVP prevalence (21,74 %). The study results suggest that in patients with acute coronary syndrome, LVP registration predicts not an adverse outcome, but a better prognosis. Conclusion. ST-UA is characterised by typical changes of CMC and myocardial stroma in posterior septal area, which result in metabolic, energetic, and electrical myocardial instability. LVPs could be used as a marker of functional (ischemic) myocardial heterogeneity in patients with ST-UA. LVP registration could be associated with a better prognosis in this clinical group.
Smoking and non-communicable disease mortality: prospective study of the population of 40-59-year-old men
Authors: Mamutov R. Sh. , Mamaradzhapova D. A. , Aminov A. A. , Urinov O. U.
Published: October 2019

Aim.To investigate the prognostic role of cigarette smoking in the end-point development during the 25-year prospective follow-up of 40-59-year-old men.Material and methods. The baseline examination of a representative sample of Tashkent City men took place in 1979-80. During the 25-year follow-up (up to 2005), the death certificate data were collected for the deceased participants of the initial study — men aged 40-59 years at baseline. All-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, cancer mortality, and their association with smoking were analyzed.Results.Out of 862 participants who smoked at baseline, 56,7 % died during 25 years of the prospective follow-up. Among smokers, 25-year all-cause mortality was 34,4 per 1000 person-years, while CVD and cancer mortality was 18,7 and 7,0 per 1000 person-years, respectively. Smoking was a strong predictor of 25-year all-cause mortality: compared to never-smokers, all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality in smokers was 1,8, 1,6, and 3,5-4,6 times higher.Conclusion.Among all deceased participants, the prevalence of baseline smoking was 61,2 %, while among people who died from CVD or cancer, it was 58,9 % and 71 %, respectively. Among men who were regular smokers at baseline, the levels of all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality were 1,5, 1,6, and 3,3 times higher than among neversmokers. There was a direct linear association between the contribution of smoking in the end-point development and the follow-up length.
Preclinical markers of carotid atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk assessed by the ESH/ESC scale (2003, 2007, 2009)
Authors: Urazalina S. Sh. , Rogoza A. N. , Balakhonova T. V. , Myasnikov R. P. , Kolmakova T. E. , Karpov Yu. A. , Kukharchuk V. V. , Boytsov S. A.
Published: October 2019

Aim. To assess the degree of cardiovascular (CV) risk adjustment in patients with low and intermediate risk by the SCORE scale, who were further examined in accordance with the European Society of Hypertension/European Society of Cardiology Guidelines (2003, 2007, 2009), and also underwent carotid artery (CA) ultrasound, as an extension of the ambulatory examination protocol. Material and methods. The study included 600 individuals aged 30-65 years (445 women, 155 men), with low to intermediate SCORE-assessed risk, and without diagnosed atherosclerosis or diabetes mellitus. The algorithm of CV risk stratification included SCORE scale, the ESH/ESC Guidelines (2003, 2007, 2009) and duplex CA ultrasound, with intima-media thickness (IMT) and atherosclerotic plaque (AP) assessment. Results. At the first stage of CV risk classification, which included routine examinations only, 73,8 % of the patients remained in the “low-risk” group, 14,5 % remained in the “intermediate-risk” group, and 11,7 % were moved to the “high-risk” group. After taking into account the duplex CA ultrasound results, the “low-risk”, “intermediaterisk”, and “high-risk” groups included 35,7 %, 33,5 %, and 30,8 % of the patients, respectively. In the “low-risk” and “intermediate-risk” groups, most patients had normal blood pressure levels (72,8 % and 83,5 %, respectively), while most patients in the “high-risk” group had arterial hypertension (56,7 %). The reason for moving the patients to the “high-risk” group was visualization of AP in CA (100 %). The percentage of subjects with one AP in this group was 22,7 %. In total, AP were visualized in 358 out of 600 participants (59,6 %). Out of these 358 patients, 26 (7,2 %) had IMT value >0,9 mm. Out of 242 patients without AP in CA, 2 (0,8 %) had IMT value >0,9 mm. Conclusion. At both risk stratification stages, the most prevalent causes of moving the patients to the groups of higher CV risk were dyslipidemia (81,3 % and 92,5 %, respectively), smoking (26,7 % and 22,2 %), abdominal obesity (77,7 %), and metabolic syndrome (98,5 %). The level of CV risk was affected by AP presence to a substantially greater extent than by IMT.
Quality of life and coronary insufficiency in men with myocardial infarction and coronary reperfusion
Authors: Kuznetsova N. V. , Gabinskyi Ya. L.
Published: October 2019

Aim. To analyze the association between quality of life (QoL) and recurrent coronary insufficiency (CI) within 12 months after primary, uncomplicated myocardial infarction (MI) in working-age men, who underwent various types of coronary reperfusion. Material and methods. In total, 114 men aged <60 years — patients with primary, uncomplicated MI, were examined. CI recurrence was assessed clinically, based on typical angina (A) attacks. To diagnose silent CI, all patients underwent an exercise test (veloergometry) before the discharge, as well as 3, 6, and 12 months after MI. QoL was assessed with a Russian version of SF-36 questionnaire. Results. In CI-free men from the percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) group, some QoL scales demonstrated a significant improvement at 3, 6, and 12 months. In the thrombolytic therapy (TLT) group, all QoL scales were significantly improved. The maximal QoL score was observed at 12 months in both groups. Patients with angina had decreased QoL, with the minimal score observed for role functioning domains (median score 0 and 12,5 in PCI and TLT groups, respectively) and emotional status (33 and 16,7, respectively). Conclusion. Regardless of the coronary reperfusion method in acute MI phase, CI-free patients demonstrated improved QoL, with the highest scores registered 12 months after MI. Angina recurrence affected physical and emotional role functioning in MI patients, restricting their daily life activities. However, recurrent CI did not affect social activity levels or the need for social interaction.
Middle-term results of percutaneous coronary intervention with standard metallic stent “Ephesos II” implantation in patients with coronary heart disease
Authors: Batyraliev T. A. , Fetzer D. V. , Preobrazhenskyi D. V. , Kochak A. , Belenkov Yu. N.
Published: October 2019

Aim. In a non-randomised study, to assess middle-term (9 months) effectiveness and safety of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with “Ephesos II” stent implantation. Material and methods. The study included 41 patients, treated at the Sani Konukoglu Medical Centre, Gaziantep, Turkey. Results. Immediate angiography-confirmed PCI success was achieved in 100 % of the participants. Nine months after the intervention, the percentage of survived patients without restenosis and repeat revascularization was 77,6 %. Control angiography at 9 months was performed in 95,1 % of the patients. The mean in-stent late loss was 0,32±0,25. Restenosis was observed in 22,4 % of the subjects. In all cases of in-stent restenosis, successful repeat PCI was performed. At 9 months, the proportion of the survived patients without moderate to severe cardiac complications and events reached 70,3 %. Conclusion. This non-randomised study demonstrated good short and middle-term results of PCI with standard metallic stent “Ephesos II” implantation.
Losartan therapy and hyperuricemia correction in patients with metabolic syndrome and arterial hypertension
Authors: Nedogoda S. V. , Chumachok E. V. , Ledyaeva A. A. , Tsoma V. V.
Published: October 2019

Aim. To assess the potential of the angiotensin II receptor antagonist losartan for the correction of hyperuricemia (HU) in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and metabolic syndrome (MS). Material and methods. This open, randomised, controlled comparative study in parallel groups included 60 AH patients with MS and HU. The patients received losartan or standard therapy for 12 weeks. Results. Throughout the follow-up period, no significant difference in antihypertensive effect was observed between the losartan and standard therapy groups. Losartan group patients demonstrated a more pronounced decrease in uric acid levels (-34,7 % vs. -7,8 % in the standard therapy group; p<0,05). In addition, losartan therapy, compared to the standard treatment, was associated with improved vascular elasticity, as manifested by the pulse wave velocity decrease (-27,8 % vs. -8,1 % for carotid-femoral index, and -30,2 % vs. -12,6 % for carotidradial index, respectively; both p<0,05).
Comparison of circadian blood pressure profile in Stage 2-3 arterial hypertension patients receiving different antihypertensive combinations
Authors: Mayanskaya S. D. , Malysheva E. V. , Potapova M. V. , Frolova E. B. , Mikhoparova O. Yu. , Gornaeva L. I.
Published: October 2019

Aim. To compare the dynamics of various parameters of circadian blood pressure profile (BP CP) and to assess the selection criteria for two combinations of the first-choice antihypertensive agents (AHA): angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor plus thiazide diuretic (TD) or angiotensin II receptor antagonist (ARA) and calcium antagonist (CA) in patients with moderate to severe arterial hypertension (AH). Material and methods. This randomised study included 66 men aged 35-60 years with Stage 2-3 AH. Group I (n=37) received the combination of enalapril and hydrochlorothiazide (ENP + HCT; 20/12,5 mg/d), while Group II (n=29) was administered the combination of valsartan and S-amlodipine (VAL + S-AMD; 160/5 mg/d). All medications were taken daily, once a day. At baseline and after 12 weeks of the treatment, all participants underwent 24-hour blood pressure monitoring (BPM). The analysed parameters included: mean values and variability of systolic and diastolic BP (SBP, DBP), time index and pressure load index for SBP and DBP over 24 hours, dayand night-time, magnitude and velocity of SBP and DBP morning surge (MS), and diurnal/nocturnal BP ratio. Results. Twelve-week therapy with combinations significantly reduced mean SBP and DBP levels in patients with moderate to severe AH, regardless of the time of the day/night. It was also associated with reduced BP variability, mostly during the day-time. The ENP+HCT combination was more effective in terms of SBP MS reduction, while the VAL+S-AMD combination effect was more pronounced for DBP MS prevention. The VAL+S-AMD combination significantly improved diurnal/nocturnal BP ratio. Conclusion. The results obtained should be considered in the design of the antihypertensive combination therapy for Stage 2-3 AH patients with “non-dipper”, “night-peaker”, and “over-dipper” types of the two-phase BP CP.
Lyubertsy Study of mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction (LIS): the analysis of anamnestic predictors of in-hospital mortality
Authors: Martsevich S. Yu. , Ginsburg M. L. , Kutishenko N. P. , Deev A. D. , Fokina A. V. , Daniels E. V.
Published: October 2019

Aim. To identify the main anamnestic predictors of mortality in the acute phase of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Material and methods. The study included all patients admitted to Lyubertsy District hospitals and diagnosed with AMI (n=1133). Results. Out of 1133 hospitalised patients, 172 died in the hospital; in-hospital lethality was 15,2%. Mean age of diseased patients was significantly higher than that in those survived. The risk of in-hospital death was significantly and independently associated with older age (relative risk 1,07). After adjustment for age and sex, other independent predictors of in-hospital AMI death included diabetes mellitus (DM), low physical activity, and selected psychosocial factors. Conclusion. The in-hospital lethality levels, observed in the LIS Study, were typical for the Russian Federation. The main anamnestic predictors of in-hospital death were low physical activity, DM, and psychosocial risk factors.
Platelet aggregation activity and beta-adrenoblocker therapy in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Isakhanova P. N. , Ziyaev Yu. N. , Mamatkulov Kh. A. , Nazarova M. Kh. , Makhamatova Sh. I.
Published: October 2019

Aim. To investigate the specifics of ischemic and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMP), platelet aggregation activity, and the reaction of the latter to the beta-adrenoblocker (β-AB) therapy with atenolol or bisoprolol. Results. In DCMP patients, a significant increase in velocity and maximal amplitude of ADP-induced platelet aggregation, as well as a significant reduction in the time to the maximal aggregation amplitude, was observed. In both therapy groups, all parameters of platelet aggregation activity were significantly higher in ischemic vs. idiopathic DCMP patients. Long-term bisoprolol therapy provided a more manifested antiaggregant effect of the basis treatment, compared to atenolol therapy. Conclusion. DCMP patients, especially ones with ischemic DCMP, demonstrated an increase in platelet aggregation activity. Long-term bisoprolol therapy facilitated a more pronounced anti-aggregant effect of the basis treatment, compared to atenolol treatment.
Effects of transluminal balloon angioplasty and stenting on the clinical course of ischemic chronic heart failure with preserved or reduced left ventricular ejection fraction: radionuclide 4D tomoventriculography data
Authors: Shashkova N. V. , Tereshchenko S. N. , Samoylenko L. E. , Satlykova D. F. , Gerasimov A. M.
Published: October 2019

Aim. To study the effects of transluminal balloon angioplasty (TLBAP) and stenting on right and left ventricular (RV, LV) hemodynamics, as well as on long-term clinical prognosis, in patients with ischemic chronic heart failure (CHF). Material and methods. In 20 patients with ischemic CHF, Functional Class (FC) II–III (NYHA), radionuclide 4D tomoventriculography (4D-RTVG) was performed at baseline and 6 and 12 months after TLBAP, in order to assess cardiac hemodynamics. Based on ejection fraction (EF) values, all participants were divided into two groups. Group I (n=10; mean age 57,2 (2,7) years) included men with EF <45%, FC II–III CHF, and mean CHF duration of 3,1 (0,6) years. Group II (n=10; mean age 62,6 (2,7) years) included 5 men and 5 women with EF >45%, FC II CHF, and CHF duration of 2 (0,4) years. Results. Twelve months after TLBAP, Group I demonstrated a significant increase in stroke volume (SV), LV EF, and RV EF, as well as an improvement in LV maximum ejection velocity (MEV), maximum filling velocity (MFV), and maximum filling time (MFT), as well as in LV and RV one-third filling fraction (1/3 FF) (p<0,05). A decrease in LV enddiastolic volume (EDV), LV end-systolic volume (ESV), and RV ESV, some increase in RV EDV, and an improvement in RF MEV, MFV, and MFT were non-significant (p>0,05). In Group II, an increase in LV SV and LV EF, as well as an improvement in RV 1/3FF and MFT, was statistically significant (p<0,05). At the same time, an increase in RF SV, EF, EDV, and ESV, as well as an improvement in LV and RV MEV and MFV, LV 1/3FF and LV MFT, without any substantial changes in LV EDV and ESV, lacked statistical significance (p>0,05). Cardiac hemodynamic changes were associated with improved quality of life (QoL) and reduced CHF FC and angina FC. Conclusion. TLBAP and stenting facilitated an increase in EF and SV, an improvement in LF and RF systolic and diastolic function, an improvement in QoL and exercise capacity, and a reduction in CHF FC and angina FC.
Consensus Statement by the Expert Advisory Committee
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: October 2019

Тема: Место комбинированной гиполипидемической терапии (статин + эзетимиб) в лечении дислипидемий Дата: 09.10.2011 Место проведения: г. Москва Председатели: Президент ВНОК, акад. РАМН Р.Г. Оганов Председатель Европейского общества по атеросклерозу проф. А.Катапано, Президент Национального Общества по изучению атеросклероза, чл.-корр. РАМН В.В. Кухарчук Эксперты: С.В. Виллевальде (Москва), А.С. Галявич (Казань), В.С. Гуревич (Санкт-Петербург), М.В. Ежов (Москва), Ю.А. Карпов (Москва), Ж.Д. Кобалава (Москва), Н.А. Козиолова (Пермь), В.Ю. Мареев (Москва), А.В. Панов (Санкт-Петербург), И.В. Сергиенко (Москва), В.В. Скибицкий (Краснодар), А.В. Сусеков (Москва), И.В. Фомин (Нижний Новгород)
Severity of carbohydrate metabolism disturbances, arterial hypertension stage, and lipid profile in patients with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Zhernakova Yu. V. , Chazova I. E. , Olimpieva S. P. , Kilikovskyi V. V.
Published: October 2019

Aim. To investigate the associations between the severity of carbohydrate metabolism disturbances, arterial hypertension (AH) severity (based on AH stage and 24-hour blood pressure monitoring (BPM) parameters), and lipid profile. Material and methods. In 403 patients with AH and metabolic syndrome (MS), blood biochemical assay, glucose tolerance test, and 24-hour BMP were performed. Results. Patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), compared to participants with impaired fasting glycemia (IFG) or particularly to individuals with normal carbohydrate metabolism, demonstrated more severe lipid profile disturbances, more advanced AH stage, and increased mean BP levels, BP load, and BP variability at 24-hour BPM. Conclusion. IGT, as a more severe variant of carbohydrate metabolism disturbances, could be associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and Type 2 diabetes mellitus.