bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Upregulation of CXCL1 and FCGR1A is Associated With the ischemic stroke and Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Zhang wenjing , Li Ying , Xu Haoqun , Li Chong , Zhang Yimin , Han Bingbing
Published: March 2023

Background
Evidence is accumulating that brain disorders increase risk of gut diseases, and that there is a causal connection between ischemic stroke (IS) and Crohn's disease (CD). It is unclear what mechanisms underlie the coexistence of IS and CD. This study was designed to obtain insights into the mechanisms mediating the coexistence of IS and CD based on a quantitative analysis of a public RNA sequencing database.
Methods
Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases were used to download IS (GSE58294) and CD (GSE95095). To explore the functions of different genes (DEGs), the edgeR and limma packages of R were used. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia analyses of common DEGs were also conducted. A genetic interaction database was established by using protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks. After visualization by cytoscape, hub genes were screened out by plug-in. Then, Hub gene validations were performed in GSE16561 and GSE36807 for IS and CD, respectively. To evaluate the predictive value of hub genes, ROC curves were used. Finally, genome enrichment and immune infiltration were used to analyze hub genes.
Results
The 108 common DEGs were classified into 12 downregulated and 96 upregulated. A functional analysis revealed that inflammation and the immune pathway were critical for the initiation and development of IS and CD. Validation revealed that all areas under the curve for IS and CD were generally greater than 0.7 and that the hub genes CXCL1 and FCGR1A had good diagnostic markers for both diseases. There was a positive correlation between neutrophil infiltration and hub genes. The path of immune processes was associated with high expression of CXCL1 and FCGR1A in both IS and CD following neutrophil infiltration.
Conclusions
Our study performed a series of analyses of DEGs common to IS and CD, with the aim of revealing their common pathogenesis. Both diseases could benefit from analysis of these common pathways and hub genes for the identification of potential biomarkers, helping valuable therapeutic clues.
Immediate implant placement influenced by musical flow: A prospective randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Ángel L.A. Esteban Pellicer Lorenzo , Luis J.L. Martínez Rubio Jose , Elisabeth E. Casañas Gil , Jesús A.J. Conde Villar Antonio
Published: March 2023

Objetives
The purpose of this study was to test how musical flow using baroque (BM) and classical era music (CM) as a non-pharmacological therapy can control anxiety and pain levels among patients undergoing IPI (Immediate post-extraction implants).
Material and Methods
78 patients who required an IPI were enrolled in this randomized clinical trial. Each patient was assigned to one of the three experimental groups with a simple randomization: Group I (n=26) listened to BM; Group II (n=27) listened to CM; and Group III (n=25) did not listen to music and was the control group (C). The physiological dependent variables analyzed were SBP, DBP, HR and SpO2. The psychological dependent variable analyzed was MDAS and VAS, measured before and after surgery. In all cases, the level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.01.
Results
Statistically significant differences were found in the SBP decrease in the CM group (p=.001, CI=1.9716-6.5840) and the BM group (p=.003, CI=1.4450-6.4396). Anxiety levels during the intervention decreased in both groups that listened to music: BM group (p=.002, CI=.645-2.662) and CM group (p=.000, CI=1.523-3.884).
Conclusion
Patients undergoing IPI placement surgery can register lower levels of SPB when listening to BM and CM, improving their anxiety levels.
Clinical relevance
The evidence on the effect of music as a non-pharmacological tool in reducing anxiety during dental implant surgery is very scarce. Only two randomized clinical trials have been previously published (Gülnahar & Kupeli, 2020 and Esteban Pellicer et al., 2022). The present study is the first to be published on immediate post-extraction implants.
Trial Registration Number:
NCT05052034
https://beta.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05052034?distance=50&cond=%20NCT05052034&rank=1
Effects of Perioperative Lidocaine Infusion on Pain Management and Quality of Recovery Following Thyroid Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Wu Yan , Tang Xihui , Xu Yuqing , Chen Qingsong , Liu Su
Published: March 2023

Background
Thyroid surgery is often considered minor, and the postoperative pain is usually ignored. However, according to previous researches, the pain after thyroid surgery ranged from moderate to severe. Poorly controlled pain may lead to a series of adverse events, including dissatisfaction of patients, bad recovery, and extended hospital stay. Intravenous infusion of lidocaine has been proven to be effective in relieving pain after cholecystectomy, spinal surgery, and colorectal surgery. This meta-analysis was designed to explore the effects of lidocaine infusion on pain management and quality of recovery after thyroid surgery.
Methods
We conducted a comprehensive search of the Cochrane Library, PUBMED, Web of Science, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, VIP, and China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) from inception to September 12, 2022. Based on our previously established inclusion and exclusion criteria, eligible studies were involved. The primary outcomes were postsurgical pain scores and quality of recovery. The secondary outcomes included opioids consumption, hemodynamics variables, time to awareness and extubation, and adverse events. All analyses were performed using the random effects model with RevMan 5.4 software. We also evaluated the evidence quality of results by GRADEprofiler 3.6.
Results
A sum of 11 RCTs with 761 patients were involved. Compared to the controlled group, lidocaine reduced pain scores at 2h, 4h, 8h, and 12h after surgery, but not at 24h and 48h. Besides, lidocaine also facilitated recovery (mean difference [MD] = 7, 95% CI [4.78–9.25], P = 0.40, I2 = 0%), reduced opioids consumption during surgery (MD=-5.61, 95% CI [-7.90, -3.31], P = 0.97, I2 = 0%), and lowered the incidence of cough during extubation (RR = 0.41, 95% CI [0.30, 0.56], P = 0.34, I2 = 10%). No lidocaine-related adverse events was found in our meta-analysis.
Conclusions
Perioperative infusions of lidocaine could alleviate postoperative pain and facilitate recovery on the first day after surgery, without causing adverse events. Considering the high heterogeneity and relatively low quality of evidence among most of the results, further validation is reasonable.
Retrospective Validation Study of an Artificial Neural Network-Based Preoperative Decision-Support Tool for Noninvasive Lymph Node Staging (NILS) in Women with Primary Breast Cancer (ISRCTN14341750)
Authors: Skarping Ida , Ellbrant Julia , Dihge Looket , Ohlsson Mattias , Huss Linnea , Bendahl Pär-Ola , Rydén Lisa
Published: March 2023

Background

Surgical sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is routinely used to reliably stage axillary lymph nodes in early breast cancer (BC). However, SLNB may be associated with postoperative arm morbidities. For most patients with BC undergoing SLNB, the findings are benign, and the procedure is currently questioned. A decision-support tool for the prediction of benign sentinel lymph nodes based on preoperatively available data has been developed using artificial neural network modelling.

Methods

This was a retrospective geographical and temporal validation study of the noninvasive lymph node staging (NILS) model, based on preoperatively available data from 586 women consecutively diagnosed with primary BC at two sites. Ten preoperative clinicopathological characteristics from each patient were entered into the web-based calculator, and the probability of benign lymph nodes was predicted. The performance of the NILS model was assessed in terms of discrimination with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and calibration, that is, comparison of the observed and predicted event rates of benign axillary nodal status (N0) using calibration slope and intercept. The primary endpoint was axillary nodal status (discrimination, benign [N0] vs. metastatic axillary nodal status [N+]) determined by the NILS model compared to nodal status by definitive pathology.

Results

The mean age of the women in the cohort was 65 years, and most of them (93%) had luminal cancers. Approximately three-fourths of the patients had no metastases in SLNB (N0 74% and 73%, respectively). The AUC for the predicted probabilities for the whole cohort was 0.6741 (95% confidence interval: 0.6255–0.7227). More than one in four patients (n=151, 26%) were identified as candidates for SLNB omission when applying the predefined cut-off for lymph node negativity from the development cohort. The NILS model showed the best calibration in patients with a predicted high probability of healthy axilla.

Conclusion

The performance of the NILS model was satisfactory. In approximately every fourth patient, SLNB could potentially be omitted. Considering the shift from postoperatively to preoperatively available predictors in this validation study, we have demonstrated the robustness of the NILS model. The clinical usability of the web interface will be evaluated before its clinical implementation.

Trial registration

Registered in the ISRCTN registry with study ID ISRCTN14341750.
Date of registration 23/11/2018.
Big Data Storage based on CAN Protocol
Authors: KABRE Lacine , TIENDREBEOGO Telesphore
Published: March 2023

Big Data refers to huge amounts of heterogeneous data from various traditional and new data sources. This data is constantly changing. However, due to their great heterogeneity, several architectural approaches are proposed to centrally process and analyze the huge amounts of data. A Big Data architecture describes the blueprint of a system that processes a huge amount of data from its storage, processing, analysis and visualization. From one architecture to another, there are advantages and limitations especially in terms of time and processing mode. In our paper, we propose a decentralized architecture based on the peer-to-peer protocol CAN (Content Adressable Network) using image properties associated with SHA-512 keys to secure the data. First, we evaluated the existing Big Data technologies from the architecture to the data storage model. Then, we presented all the conceptual aspects of our architecture and we ended with the evaluation of a symbolic version developed and deployed in a local network.
The effect of Mesenchymal stem cells- derived exosomes on the expression of MAGEA6 and MAGEA11 in a human colorectal carcinoma cell line
Authors: Azimi Maryam , Aghamajidi Azin , Khosroshahi Leila Mohamed , Bahramkiya Sara , Mansourabadi Amir Hossein
Published: March 2023

Background: Melanoma Antigen Gene (MAGE) proteins belong to a large, highly conserved family of proteins with a common homology domain. Most MAGE proteins are expressed exclusively in reproductive tissues, but they are aberrantly expressed in many types of cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells secreted exosomes on the expression of MAGEA6 and MAGEA11 genes in the HCT-116 tumor cell line.
Materials and Methods: Ad-MSCs were assessed for their surface antigenic profile using specific markers. TEM and western blot were used to evaluate the quality of the isolated exosomes, which were purified from the Ad-MSc supernatant. HCT-116 cells were co-cultured with MSC-conditioned medium (MSC-CM) and/or with 100 ug/ml of MSC-derived exosomes for 48h. Real-time PCR was carried out to determine the expression of MAGEA6 and MAGEA11 in HCT-116. Relative expression levels were calculated using the 2-ΔΔct method.
Results: Our result showed that MAGEA11 mRNA expression levels were significantly reduced in exosome (EXO) and/or CM (MSC- conditioned medium) +EXO treated HCT116 while MAGEA6 mRNA expression levels were significantly reduced in CM+EXO treated HCT116 (P-value < 0.05).
Conclusion: The current study showed that MSC-derived exosomes could inhibit the expression of two important molecules involved in tumor progression. Hence it seems MSCs-derived exosomes may hold a hopeful future as drug delivery vehicles that need further investigation.
Performance of water-based printed hybrid graphene/silver nanoparticles conductive inks for flexible strain sensor applications
Authors: Htwe Y. Z.N. , Mariatti M.
Published: March 2023

Flexible electronic devices such as wearable strain sensors have drawn a lot of interest in health monitoring systems. In the present study, hybrid ink printed flexible strain sensors made of graphene and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was formulated. The main aim of the study is to investigate effect of hybrid graphene and AgNPs ratios on the properties of conductive inks and their performance as flexible strain sensors. The new conductive inks were printed on various types flexible substrates; polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyimide (PI), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The performance of conductive ink on these substrates were evaluated. Results showed that ratio of graphene/AgNPs influence the properties of conductive inks. Graphene/AgNPs with a 0.3/0.2 wt% exhibit higher stability, wettability, and electrical conductivity than those 0.4/0.1, 0.2/0.3, and 0.1/0.4 wt%. Hybrid Graphene/AgNPs conductive ink printed on PI substrate showed better wettability and electrical performance compared to those on PET and PVA substrates. The gauge factor (GF) of PI substrate is higher 6.2% and 32% compared to PET and PVA at the 30% strain range, respectively. In short, the hybrid graphene/AgNPs strain sensor on PI that showed good linearity, sensitivity, and stability has a high potential to be used in low-strain health monitoring systems.
Phytotoxicity of chromium (III and VI) on tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum L.) grown in sand culture
Authors: Srivast Saumya
Published: March 2023

Chromium (Cr), an element naturally occurring in earth’s crust, and a known toxic heavy metal, causes deleterious effects on plants when present in excessive amounts. The present study is aimed to evaluate the effects of both trivalent and hexavalent Cr separately on tomato plants. For this, a sand culture glasshouse experiment was conducted with 0.1 mM Cr3+, 0.2 mM Cr3+, 0.1 mM Cr6+, 0.2 mM Cr6+ doses to access the Cr accumulation pattern and study its effects on growth, morphology, photosynthetic pigments, nutrient status and oxidative stress parameters in tomato. Chromium toxicity resulted in growth depression and reduction in chlorophyll content of plants. Cr caused wilting and necrosis of especially old leaves. Cr was mainly found to be accumulated in roots, and also caused hindrance in the translocation of micronutrients to upper parts of the plants. Cr toxicity caused oxidative stress which was reflected in the form of increased levels of lipid peroxidation and anti oxidative enzymes. Plants did not bear any fruits at 0.2 mM Cr3+ and 0.2 mM Cr6+ treatments. Among both forms of Cr (3+ and 6+) tested, Cr6+ clearly proved to be more toxic for growth and metabolism of plants. However, at many places, 0.2 mM Cr3+ showed more toxicity than 0.1 mM Cr6+ stating that higher doses of Cr3+ are also very harmful to tomato plants.
News Headlines Classification for Disease Outbreak Detection using Modified Term Weighting approach
Authors: Joy Manju , Krishnaveni M
Published: March 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic exposed weaknesses in healthcare systems in the world and revealed the importance of efficient Bio surveillance systems that can monitor disease outbreaks on a real-time basis. Event-based health surveillance systems are popular due to their ability to utilize health information from internet sources such as digital newspapers and social networking sites for early detection of outbreaks. Studies claim that all deadly outbreaks declared by WHO are first detected through these informal online sources. Unfortunately, existing systems are not providing actionable data for outbreak prevention. Action plans for handling outbreaks can be developed only if regional-specific data is available. The proposed study is intended to detect local or regional level outbreaks happening in the health domain of Kerala, in particular, by automatic extraction and examination of internet media reports covering Kerala news. In this paper, various methods for retrieving outbreak news from news portals are studied and a novel method is proposed for retrieving disease-related news items using ML techniques by implementing various text classification algorithms. Implementation of a modified term weighting approach to augment classification accuracy is a major contribution of the proposed work. Traditional TF-IDF term weighting algorithm do not consider the significance of a term in a particular domain. The Random Forest classifier gave maximum accuracy of 94.48% by the TF-IDF approach which improved to 100% by our modified term weighting scheme where the significance of the term with respect to a particular domain is also considered while determining the weight of the term during vectorization.
The Effectiveness of Feature Extraction and Machine Learning based approach for Early Detection of Oral Cancer
Authors: Kumari Alka , Mehta Ashok Kumar
Published: March 2023

The early-stage detection of cancer disease is helpful for medical practitioners by reducing the diagnosis time in its treatment. The motivation behind this undertaking is to review the most recent Feature extraction (Fe) and classification methods for detecting Oral Cancer (OC) in various image formats that have recently been reviewed and published. The review gives out that the early and accurate detection of OC disease is still a challenge for the healthcare industry. With the assistance of this survey, we proposed a Machine learning (Ml)-based procedure along with multistage Fe for OC detection in different locations of mouth through normal oral images. This proposed work is using different techniques for the classification of disease where histogram oriented gradients (hog) used for preprocessing and Principal component analysis (Pca) and Gray level co-occurrence matrix(Glcm) are used for Fe and different Ml algorithms were utilized for OC classification. The tests used 131 images from a real human oral imaging dataset, 44 of which were normal and 87 of which were aberrant.
The classification accuracy for the Support vector machine(Svm) was 80.95% on test images, which was quite impressive. Additionally, a comparison of the suggested method with other recently published Ml methods shows the effectiveness of the proposed technique. The outcomes showed that the suggested hybrid strategy is precise, quick, and reliable. The results showed how effective the suggested algorithm was. Finally, alternative directions for the future are given. A flowchart is used to present the proposed process in order to facilitate the understanding of the work.
Personal care products related phenols and parabens in relation to urinary incontinence in the US population
Authors: Jiang Jinjiang , Chen Bo , Tang Bo , Li Jinze , Tan Daqing , Wei Qiang
Published: March 2023

Our research aims to assess the association of personal care products (PCPs) related parabens(PBs) and phenols(PNs) including Triclosan(TCS), Bisphenol A(BPA), Benzophenone-3(BP-3), Butylparaben(BPB), Ethylparaben(EPB), Methylparaben(MPB) and Propylparaben(PPB) detected in urine samples with urinary incontinence in the US population. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted based on the data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (Nhanes) 2007-2016. A total of 7,690 participants diagnosed by self-reported questionnaires were included in the final analysis. Of theseparticipants, 12.80% reported SUI, 11.80% reported UUI and 10.22% reported MUI. In the fully adjusted multivariable models, BP-3 exposure showed a positive association with SUI (OR 1.07 95% CI1.02-1.14 p=0.045), BPA exposure increased the risk of UUI (OR 1.21 95% CI1.01-1.44 p=0.046) and MUI (OR 1.26 95% CI 1.02-1.54 p=0.029). Furthermore, TCS was found related to a decreased incidence of MUI (OR 0.87 95%CI 0.79-0.97 p=0.009). No significant correlation was found between parabens and urinary incontinence. Among the female population, our research revealed that BPA exposure increased the risk of MUI (OR 1.28 95% CI 1.01-1.63 p=0.043) when covariables such as vaginal deliveries, hysterectomy, and hormone use history were included. The maximal tertile of BP-3 showed a higher likelihood of SUI and MUI among participants compared with the lowest tertile. All in all, exposure to BPA, TCS, and BP-3 may engaged in the development of urine incontinence in various ways.
Convolutional neural networks improved HRV analysis accuracy by single-lead Holter
Authors: Tang Chunping , Huang Qiong , Shen Qin , Zhou Qianzheng , Kong Xiangqing , Zhou Ningtian
Published: March 2023

Background
New artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms are being applied to HRV but there is still needed for more comparison with classical HRV metrics. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) was used to analyze HRV in four different groups distinguished by body mass index (BMI) and age.
Methods
Total 265 patients wore an AI single-lead Holter and traditional multi-lead Holter for less than 22 h. Indeed, RR-interval sequence as input for the CNN, then linear fitting and Bland–Altman analysis were used to illustrate the statistical results of AI Holter and traditional Holter in four groups: BMI < 24 kg/m2 and age < 65 years, BMI < 24 kg/m2 and age ≥ 65 years, BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2 and age < 65 years, and BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2 and age ≥ 65 years.
Results
All groups had acceptable biases and r-values for different HRV parameters. SDANN was the most accurate HRV parameter in all groups, and SDNN, PNN50 also showed better test efficiency in specific groups.
Conclusions
The AI single-lead Holter was reliable for HRV detection, and SDNN showed a satisfactory accuracy in all groups, but SDANN and PNN50 showed better test efficiency in specific groups.
A Non-invasive Optimized System for rapid detection of Gilomas Brain Tumor using Machine Learning
Authors: Moorthy C. , Raghupathy R. , Nithiyameenatchi N.
Published: March 2023

For decades, predicting the presence of gliomas in MRI images and detecting brain tumours at an early stage have been difficult tasks. As the conventional methods are time-consuming and have the problem of low accuracy, there is a need for an automatic, non-invasive diagnosis system for Giloma brain tumours using machine learning techniques. At first, the input MRI images, collected from the hospital, are enhanced using CLAHE, and the skull removal is done. A collection of features, including a modified local binary pattern, a histogram of Gaussian features, intensity features, and a gray-level co-occurrence matrix, are extracted, and the optimised features are selected using sparse PCA. Finally, radial kernel support vector machines are adopted for the accurate classification of normal and Giloma images after being trained with several images. The experimental results of the proposed method depict that the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity reach 98.5%, 99.3%, and 97.62%, respectively, which is comparably high compared to many existing automatic systems.
Green Building Literacy and University Students' Housing Choice in Ghana
Authors: Donkor-Hyiaman Kenneth Appiah , Gyamfi-Yeboah Frank , Tudzi Eric Paul , Bugri John Tia
Published: March 2023

Green buildings are part of the global strategy to achieve sustainable development. Efforts towards this goal are however hampered by the lack of awareness and high illiteracy about green building. Focusing on the youth, this paper measures the level of green building literacy among Ghanaian university students, how it differs according to their demographics, and its relationship with their housing choice. Following a comprehensive literature review, we used a structured questionnaire survey to gather data from 763 university students. After statistical tests, the study analysed the dataset principally using mean scoring, Chi-square test and regression techniques. The results suggest that most university students have no or basic knowledge in green buildings. This low level of green building literacy is attributable in part to their demographic features including age, gender, level of education, level of study, employment status, income level of respondents, and whether the person had previously lived in a house with green features. Further analyses show that male student and built environment students have more knowledge of green buildings and are more likely to have lived in or are currently living in a building with green features, and also more likely to choose a house with green features in the future. Policy-wise, the study shows that educating the youth about green buildings could alter their housing outcomes and preferences in favour of sustainable ones and hence, contribute to achieving Sustainable Development Goal 11 – Sustainable Cities and Communities.
Bioinformatics and systematic biology methods to determine the pathogenic link between COVID-19 and atrial fibrillation
Authors: Li Jinglei , Hou Wei
Published: March 2023

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic has not been effectively controlled thus far. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a risk factor for COVID-19, and if not controlled in a timely manner, it will cause a catastrophic situation. However, the molecular mechanism of AF and COVID-19 is not well understood. We performed transcriptome analysis to capture common signaling pathways and molecular markers of AF and COVID-19, which will help in understanding the link between COVID-19 and AF. Three AF datasets (GSE41177, GSE31821, GSE79768) and one COVID-19 dataset (GSE147507) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were used in this study. Differential expression analysis of the datasets identified differential genes common to both diseases. To explore the biological mechanisms of the differential genes, gene ontology (GO) and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG), protein-protein interaction (PPI), receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), miRNA- transcriptionfactor (TF)-mRNA network, drug candidate prediction, molecular docking, and gene-disease association analyses were performed. We finally found 63 DEGs common to COVID-19 and AF. GO/KEGG allowed the common biological functions and signaling pathways of both diseases to be understood. Based on the PPI network, 5 hub genes (FCGR3B, IL1B, CXCR4, CSF2RB, and SELL) were identified, with CXCR4 as the most diagnostic and therapeutic target gene. Based on CXCR4, a miRNA-TF-mRNA network was constructed. Five potential therapeutic agents closely related to CXCR4 were identified, and their reliability was verified by molecular docking. Finally, possible associated diseases were analyzed. Taken together, our findings will help scholars understand the potential biological mechanisms between COVID-19 and AF. The development of precise therapeutic agents targeting CXCR4 is of great significance for COVID-19 patients with a history of AF.
Optimization of hydrogen production in Enterobacter aerogenes by Complex Ⅰ peripheral fragments destruction and maeA overexpression
Authors: Jiang Ke , Bai Ruoxuan , Gao Ting , Lu Ping , Zhang Jingya , Zhang Shuting , Xu Fangxu , Wang Shenghou , Zhao Hongxin
Published: March 2023

As a concentrated energy source with high added value, hydrogen has great development prospects, with special emphasis on sustainable microbial production as a replacement for traditional fossil fuels. In this study, λ-Red recombination was used to alter the activity of Complex I by single and combined knockout of nuoE, nuoF and nuoG. In addition, the conversion of malic to pyruvic acid was promoted by overexpressing the maeA gene, which could increase the content of NADH and formic acid in the bacterial cells. Compared to the original strain, hydrogen production was 65% higher in the optimized strain IAM1183-EFG/M, in which the flux of the formic acid pathway was increased by 257%, the flux of the NADH pathway was increased by 13%, and the content of metabolites also changed significantly. In further bioreactor, scale-up IAM1183-EFG/M also showed strong industrial application potential, with a total hydrogen production of 4.76 L after 44h of fermentation, which significantly increased by 18% compared with the starting strain. This study provides a new direction for future exploration of microbial hydrogen production by combinatorial modification of multiple genes.
Refining intra-patch connectivity measures in landscape fragmentation and connectivity indices
Authors: Justeau-Allaire Dimitri , Ibanez Thomas , Vieilledent Ghislain , Lorca Xavier , Birnbaum Philippe
Published: March 2023

Context. Measuring intra-patch connectivity, i.e. the connectivity within a habitat patch, is important to evaluate landscape fragmentation and connectivity. However, intra-patch connectivity is mainly measured with patch size, which can conceal diverse intra-patch connectivity patterns for similar patch size distributions.
Objectives. We suggest a method to refine the intra-patch connectivity component of fragmentation and connectivity indices. This method allows for distinguishing different intra-patch connectivity patterns for similar patch size distributions.
Methods. We used normalized patch complexity indices to weight patch size in common fragmentation and connectivity indices. Patch complexity indices included two existing geometrical indices (SHAPE and FRAC), and a new index derived from spatial network analysis, the mean detour index (MDI). We analyzed the behaviours of adjusted fragmentation and connectivity indices theoretically and empirically on both artificial and real landscapes.
Results. While maintaining the mathematical properties of fragmentation and connectivity indices, our method could distinguish landscapes with identical patch size distributions but different spatial configurations. The mean detour index had a different response than geometrical indices. This result indicates that, at the patch level, topological complexity can exhibit different patterns from geometrical complexity.
Conclusions. Measuring intra-patch connectivity with patch size in fragmentation and connectivity indices cannot distinguish landscapes having similar patch sizes distribution but different spatial configurations. This paper introduces a method to distinguish such patterns relying on geometrical and topological indices and shows to which extent it can impact conservation planning.
Robotic-assisted and Laparoscopic Splenectomy in Children: A Single Center Comparative Study
Authors: Zhang Yuebin , Zhang Shuhao , Chen Qingjiang , Cai Duote , Luo Wenjuan , Jin Yi , Gao Zhigang
Published: March 2023

Background
To explore the safety, efficacy, advantages and disadvantages of robotic-assisted splenectomy (RS) in children by analyzing and comparing the clinical data of RS and traditional laparoscopic splenectomy (LS).
Methods
The clinical data of 35 children who underwent laparoscopic or robotic assisted splenectomy or partial splenectomy from February 2010 to October 2022 were included. A retrospective analysis based on general information, clinical data and prognosis were performed.
Results
Among 35 cases, 14 cases and 21 cases underwent RS and LS, respectively. The average operation time was 167 (120 to 224) minutes in the RS group and 176 (166 to 188) minutes in the LS group, the average intraoperative blood loss was 20 (8.7 to 27.5) ml in the RS group and 51 (23.5 to 75.5) mL in the LS group, the average length of hospital stay was 8 (7 to 9.25) days in the RS group and 10 (9 to 12) days in the LS group; the average hospitalization cost was 69 (67 to 71) thousand RMB in the RS group and 32 (31 to 34) thousand RMB in the LS group. There were no cases of conversion to laparotomy in the RS group, but two cases in the LS group. In terms of postoperative complications, there were one and three cases in the RS and LS group, respectively.
Conclusion
The Robotic Surgical System was safe and feasible in pediatric splenectomy or partial splenectomy which had the advantages of shortening the operation and hospitalization time, reducing intraoperative blood loss, the rate of conversion to laparotomy and the incidence of postoperative complications, but RS had a significantly higher hospitalization cost than LS.
Impacts of 10 years of elevated CO2 and warming on soil fungal diversity and network complexity in a Chinese paddy field
Authors: Gao Ke , Li Weijie , Zhang Zhihui , Jiang Li , Liu Yuan
Published: March 2023

Fungal communities play essential roles in ecosystems and are involved in soil formation, waste decomposition, nutrient cycling, and plant nutrient supply. Although studies have focused on soil bacterial community responses to climate change in agricultural ecosystems, only few have investigated the dynamic changes in the diversity and complexity of fungal communities in paddy fields. Herein, using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene amplicon sequencing and co-occurrence network methods, the responses of soil fungal community to factorial combinations of elevated CO2 (550 ppm) and canopy warming (+2°C) were explored in an open-air field experiment in Changshu, China, for 10 years. Elevated CO2 significantly increased the operational taxonomic unit (OTU) richness and Shannon diversity of fungal communities in both rice rhizosphere and bulk soils, whereas the relative abundances of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were significantly decreased and increased, respectively, by elevated CO2. Co-occurrence network analysis showed that elevated CO2, warming, and their combination increased the network complexity and negative correlation of the fungal community in rhizosphere and bulk soils, suggesting that these factors enhanced the competition of microbial species. Warming resulted in a more complex network structure by altering topological roles and increasing the numbers of key fungal nodes. Principal coordinate analysis indicated that rice growth stages rather than elevated CO2 and warming altered soil fungal communities. Specifically, the changes in diversity and network complexity were greater at the heading and ripening stages than at the tillering stage. Furthermore, elevated CO2 and warming significantly increased the relative abundances of pathotrophic fungi and reduced those of symbiotrophic fungi in both rhizosphere and bulk soils. Overall, the results indicate that long-term CO2 exposure and warming enhance the complexity and stability of soil fungal community, potentially threatening crop health and soil functions through adverse effects on fungal community functions.
Transient Plasma Viral Rebound After Sars-cov-2 Vaccination in an Exceptional Hiv-1 Elite Controller Woman
Authors: Girolamo Laura Di , Ferrara Micol , Trevisan Giulia , Longo Bianca Maria , Allice Tiziano , Burdino Elisa , Alladio Francesca , Fantino Silvia , Perri Giovanni Di , Calcagno Andrea , Bonora Stefano
Published: March 2023

Background
Elite controllers are able to control viral replication without antiretroviral therapy. Exceptional elite controllers do not show disease progression for more than 25 years. Different mechanisms have been proposed and several elements of both innate and adaptive immunity are implicated. Vaccines are immune stimulating agents that can promote HIV-RNA transcription; transient plasma HIV-RNA detectability has been described within 7-14 days after different vaccinations. The most reliable mechanism involved in virosuppressed people living with HIV is a generalized inflammatory response that activates bystander cells harboring latent HIV. So far no data about viral load increase in elite controllers after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination are reported in literature.
Case Presentation
We report the case of a 65-year-old woman of European ancestry, diagnosed with HIV-1/HCV co-infection more than 25 years ago. Since then, HIV-RNA remained undetectable and she
never received ARV therapy. In 2021 she was vaccinated with mRNA-BNT162b2 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech®). She was administered with three doses in June, July and October 2021, respectively.
The last available viral load was undetectable in March 2021. We observed an increase of VL at 32 cp/ml and 124 cp/mL, two and seven months after the first vaccine dose, respectively. During monthly follow-up, HIV-RNA gradually and spontaneously dropped becoming undetectable without ARV intervention. COVID-19 serology was positive with IgG 535 BAU/mL, showing response to vaccination.
We measured total HIV-DNA at different time-points and we found it detectable both at the time of the higher plasma HIV-RNA (30 cp/10^6 PBMCs) and when it was undetectable (13 cp/10^6 PBMCs), in reduction.
Conclusions
This case is the first report, to our knowledge, describing a rebound of plasma HIV-RNA in an elite controller after three doses of mRNA-BNT162b2 vaccine for SARS-CoV-2.
Concomitantly with a spontaneous reduction of plasma HIV-RNA ten months after the third dose of mRNA-BNT162b2 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech®) without antiretroviral therapy intervention, we observed a reduction of total HIV-DNA in peripheral mononuclear cells. The potential role of vaccinations in altering HIV reservoir, even in elite controllers population when plasma HIV-RNA is undetectable, could be a valuable aspect to take into account for the future HIV eradication interventions.
Music Recommendation Based on Current Mood Using Ai & Ml
Authors: Roy Dharmendra , CH Anjali. , Kavya G. , Tharun B. , Gopal K. Venu
Published: March 2023

Music always has a special connection to our emotions. It is a method of connecting people all over the world through pure emotions. When all of this is considered, it is exceedingly difficult to generalize music and state that everyone would enjoy the same type. Music recommendation based on mood is greatly needed because they will assist humans in relieving stress and listening to soothing music based on their current emotions. Its primary goal is to accurately predict the user's mood, and songs are played by the application based on the user's selection as well as his current mood. This bot recognizes human emotions from facial images using Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). The extraction of facial elements from the user’s face is another critical factor. We used the CNN Algorithm to accurately detect the user's face in the live webcam feed and to detect emotion based on facial attributes such as the arrangement of the user's mouth and eyes. There is also a questionnaire where we can directly select a good option.
Genetic Profile of Schistosomes from Malian hotspot Areas with Urogenital Schistosomiasis
Authors: Agniwo Koba Privat , Bakary Sidibé , Diakité Assitan , Dembélé Laurent , Niaré Safiatou Doumbo , Guindo Hassim , Akplogan Ahristode Barthel , Ibikounlé Moudachirou , Boissier Jérôme , Spangenberg Thomas , Dabo Abdoulaye
Published: March 2023

Background - Although schistosomiasis is a public health issue in Mali, little is known about the genetic profile. The purpose of this study was to analyze the genetic profile of the schistosomes of Schistosoma haematobium group in school aged children in various sites of Mali.
Methods - Urine samples were collected from 07 to 21 November 2021 and subjected to a filtration method for the presence S. haematobium eggs. The study took place in two schistosomiasis endemic villages, qualified as hotspots according to the World Health Organization (WHO) definition Fangouné Bamanan and Diakalel in Kayes’ region. Molecular biology (Cox1 and ITS2/18S) was used as eggs taxonomic parameters.
Results - A total of 789 miracidium were collected individually from 63 school aged children and stored on Whatman Find The Agent (FTA) cards for molecular analysis. After genotyping for species and hybrid identification using rapid diagnostic multiplex mitochondrial Cox1 Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Amplification-refractory mutation system -ARMS_PCR analysis of the nuclear Internal Transcribed spacer - ITS2 and 18S regions, 338 (42.8%) and 45) (57.2%) of miracidium revealed S. bovis and S. haematobium profiles for Cox1, respectively; 749 (94.9%) and 40 (5.1%) revealed S. haematobium and S. haematobium/S. curassoni profiles for ITS/18S genes, respectively. There was a significant difference in the Cox1 and ITS2/18S profiles distribution between the two villages (p<0.0001). Overall, there was 360 (45.6%) cases of hybrids of which 322 (72.0%) were from Fangouné Bamanan. Three hybrids profiles [(Sb_ShxSc) with 2.3%); (Sb_ShxSh with 40,9%) ; (Sh_ShxSc with 2.8%) and one pure profile [Sh_ShxSh with 54.5%) were identified. The hybrid Sb_ShxSh appeared to be more frequent in Fangouné Bamanan (68%) whereas Sh_Sh/Sc was lightly represented in Diakalel (5.8%).
Conclusions - Our findings show for the first time the presence of introgressive hybridization between S. haematobium and S. bovis/S. curassoni in humans at a large scale. More studies are needed on population genetics of schistosomes at the human and animal interface to evaluate the parasite’s gene flow and its consequences on epidemiology of the disease as well as the transmission to humans.
Biomasonry products from macroalgae: a design driven approach to developing biomaterials for carbon storage
Authors: Scardifield Kate , McLean Nahum , Kuzhiumparambil Unnikrishnan , Ralph Peter J. , Neveux Nicolas , Isaac Geoff
Published: March 2023

Lowering the embodied carbon of building materials requires a transition away from fossil derived products towards bio-based alternatives, alongside the design and development of new clean tech biomaterials that can function as carbon sinks. This paper explores gaps and opportunities for the development of seaweed-based construction materials that can support atmospheric carbon removal through algal photosynthesis and provide carbon storage solutions within the built environment. Utilising a biorefinery framework our research aims to valorise residual seaweed biomass where it’s being grown for waste-water management and to identify value-added opportunities for this seaweed by-product. We present as a case study the design of seaweed ‘biobricks’ and the construction of a 1:1 scale prototype, demonstrating what biomasonry products from macroalgae can look like. Our paper highlights the value of interdisciplinary methodologies that combine materials science with design research, and the role of design prototypes in showcasing novel biomaterials and new sustainable forms of biodesign.
Probabilistic quantification in the analysis of groundwater drought in the Odra River Basin
Authors: Kubicz Justyna , Karczewski Maciej
Published: March 2023

As a result of increasing water deficits, low nutritional safety, and environmental degradation, the need to implement sustainable water usage and improve current water management practices became a priority. The changes in the hydroclimatic regimen towards more intense yet less frequent rainfall that have been observed in recent years increase the risk of drought. This leads to the need to mitigate this risk and to reduce the effects of repeated, consecutive periods of water shortage. The main aim of the study is to present the method of quantification of uncertain events, such as extreme groundwater levels. Following the probabilistic theory of extreme values, the authors verified the hypotheses: both the scale and nature of groundwater risk significantly change in the studied period and over the past 40 years, a rise in the groundwater drought risk in the Odra River Basin has been observed.
The application of probabilistic method allowed to draw interesting conclusions groundwater drought risk within the last 10 years has been very high, the lowest risk occurred between 1980 and 1989. Too few points make it impossible to draw conclusions about long-term trends. Meteorological study in those areas indicate a relation between groundwater levels and climate change in recent years, represented by various factors such as precipitation, temperature, humidity. The risk calculated in this way may be used to classify the areas in terms of the level of risk of the occurrence of groundwater drought.
Melt Processible Biodegradable Blends of Polyethylene Glycol Plasticized Cellulose Diacetate with Polylactic Acid and Polybutylene Adipate-co-Terephthalate
Authors: Tselana Bethuel M. , Muniyasamy Sudhakar , Ojijo Vincent O. , Mhike Washington
Published: March 2023

Enhancing the melt processability of cellulose is key to broadening its applications. This is done via derivatization of cellulose, and subsequent plasticization and/or blending with other biopolymers, such as polylactic acid (PLA) and polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT). However, derivatization of cellulose tends to reduce its biodegradability. Moreover, traditional plasticizers are non-biodegradable. In this study, we report the influence of polyethylene glycol (PEG) plasticizer on the melt processibility and biodegradability of cellulose diacetate (CD) and its blends with PLA and PBAT. CD was first plasticized with PEG (PEG-200) at 35 wt.%, and then blended with PLA and PBAT using a twin-screw extruder. Blends of the PEG plasticized CD with PLA at 40 wt.% and with PBAT at 60 wt.% were studied in detail. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) showed that PEG reduced the glass transition of the CD from ca. 220°C to less than 100°C, indicating effective plasticization. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the CD/PEG-PBAT blend had a smoother morphology implying some miscibility. The CD/PEG-PBAT blend at 60 wt.% PBAT had an elongation-to-break of 734%, whereas the CD/PEG-PLA blend had a tensile strength of 20.6 MPa, comparable to that of the PEG plasticized CD. After a 108-day incubation period under simulated aerobic composting, the CD/PEG-PBAT blend at 60 wt.% PBAT exhibited a biodegradation of 41%, whereas that of the CD/PEG-PLA at 40 wt.% PLA was 107%. This study showed that melt processible, biodegradable CD blends can be synthesized through plasticization with PEG and blending with PBAT or PLA.
A systematic review on Hammada scoparia medicinal plant: Phytochemicals, traditional uses and biological activities
Authors: BENİNE Chaima , DJAHRA Ali Boutlelis , AMMAR TOUHAMİ Laiche , REBİAİ Abdelkrim
Published: March 2023

Medicinal plants have played an important influence in the development of human society; they were always at the forefront of all cultures and civilizations as a source of medicine. Medicinal plants are considered rich sources of secondary compounds, and many modern medications are derived from them. Hammada scoparia is a medicinal plant that belongs to the Chenopodiaceae family. It is currently found in North Africa (Morocco, Algeria, Libya, and Egypt) and has many medicinal properties used as folk medicine. The present research discusses the phytochemical components and biological activities of Hammada scoparia. The corresponding data were collected from various online databases, new research, and published resources. Different secondary compounds from the species have been documented, including flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, terpenoids, and saponins. Pharmacological research has demonstrated that the major bioactives have antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic, and antimalarial activities and anticancer, reno-protective, and hepatoprotective effects. In conclusion, this study provides much information about the interests of vegetal species: Hammada scoparia.