bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
α‐Vinylation of Haloquinones with Methyl Acrylates and MVK under Baylis—Hillmann Reaction Conditions.
Authors: Lee Seung Won , Lee Chang Hoon , Lee Kee‐Jung
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Liquid‐Crystalline Bisadducts of [60]Fullerene.
Authors: Campidelli Stephane , Vazquez Ester , Milic Dragana , Lenoble Julie , Castellanos Carmen Atienza , Sarova Ginka , Guldi Dirk M. , Deschenaux Robert , Prato Maurizio
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Reactions of Unsaturated Azides. Part 20. Experimental and Theoretical Characterization of the Valence Isomerization of Bi‐2H‐azirin‐2‐yls to Diazabenzenes.
Authors: Banert Klaus , Grimme Stefan , Herges Rainer , Hess Kirsten , Koehler Frank , Mueck‐Lichtenfeld Christian , Wuerthwein Ernst‐Ulrich
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Potassium Hydroxide‐Mediated Cascade Isomerization and Oxy‐Michael Addition of 3‐(2‐Hydroxymethylphenyl)‐1‐arylprop‐2‐yn‐1‐ols Leading to Isobenzofurans.
Authors: Cho Chan Sik , Shim Sang Chul
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A New Homogeneous Zinc Complex with Increased Reactivity for the Intramolecular Hydroamination of Alkenes.
Authors: Dochnahl Maximilian , Pissarek Jens‐Wolfgang , Blechert Siegfried , Loehnwitz Karolin , Roesky Peter W.
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Asymmetric Multicomponent [C + NC + CC] Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Pyrrolidines Catalyzed by Silver(I).
Authors: Garner Philip , Kaniskan H. Uemit , Hu Jieyu , Youngs Wiley J. , Panzner Matthew
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Pentagonal Pyramidal Zirconium Imido Complex for Catalytic Hydroamination of Unactivated Alkenes.
Authors: Thomson Robert K. , Bexrud Jason A. , Schafer Laurel L.
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Carboxylation of Styrene Oxide Catalyzed by Quaternary Onium Salts under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Shim Jae‐Jin , Kim Duck , Ra Choon Sup
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Study of Synthesis of 2‐(2‐Alkoxyphenyl)‐1H‐imidazoles. Comparison of Oxidative Aromatization Reactions of Imidazolines.
Authors: Parik Patrik , Senauerova Sylva , Liskova Vlasta , Handlir Karel , Ludwig Miroslav
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
3,4,5‐Trisubstituted Isoxazoles as Novel PPARδ Agonists. Part 1.
Authors: Epple Robert , et al. et al.
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Rearrangement with Oxide Ion Transfer in Reactions of 4‐Chloro‐2‐oxo‐2,3‐dihydrothiazole‐5‐carbaldehyde with Ureas. cis‐(Z)—trans‐(E) Isomerism of N‐(2,4‐Dioxothiazolidin‐5‐ylidenemethyl)ureas.
Authors: Spitsyn N. V. , Vdovichenko A. N.
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure of Some New 2‐(4‐Methylbenzoylimino)‐3‐aryl‐4‐methyl‐1,3‐thiazolines.
Authors: Saeed Aamer , Parvez Masood
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluations of Sulfanyltriazoles as Novel HIV‐1 Non‐Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors.
Authors: Wang Zhiwei , Wu Baogen , Kuhen Kelli L. , Bursulaya Badry , Nguyen Truc N. , Nguyen Deborah G. , He Yun
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Design and Synthesis of Potent, Non‐Peptidic Inhibitors of HPTPβ.
Authors: Amarasinghe Kande K. D. , et al. et al.
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Syntheses on the Basis of 2H‐Chromen‐2‐one and 2H‐Chromene‐2‐thione.
Authors: Avetisyan A. A. , Alvandzhyan A. G.
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Regioselective Synthesis of Pyrone‐Annulated Sulfur Heterocycles by Aryl Radical Cyclization.
Authors: Majumdar K. C. , Muhuri S.
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Design and Synthesis of 4‐Substituted‐8‐(2‐phenyl‐cyclohexyl)‐2,8‐diaza‐spiro[4,5]decan‐1‐one as a Novel Class of GlyT1 Inhibitors: Achieving Selectivity Against the μ Opioid and Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ Peptide (NOP) Receptors.
Authors: Thomas Andrew W. , et al. et al.
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Unusual Reaction of Piperidinium 3‐Cyano‐5‐ethoxycarbonyl‐4‐ (1H‐indol‐3‐yl)‐6‐methyl‐1,4‐dihydropyridine‐2‐thiolate with Glacial Acetic Acid.
Authors: Dyachenko V. D. , Dyachenko A. D.
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Facile One‐Pot Synthesis of N‐Difluoromethyl‐2‐pyridone Derivatives.
Authors: Ando Makoto , Wada Toshihiro , Sato Nagaaki
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
One‐Pot Synthesis of 3‐Substituted Isoquinolin‐1‐(2H)‐ones and Fused Isoquinolin‐1‐(2H)‐ones by SRN1 Reactions in DMSO.
Authors: Guastavino Javier F. , Barolo Silvia M. , Rossi Roberto A.
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Asymmetric Allylboration of Cyclic Imines and Applications to Alkaloid Synthesis.
Authors: Wu T. Robert , Chong J. Michael
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Partially Hydrogenated Pyrazolo[3,4‐b]quinolinones by Condensation of 3‐Amino‐5‐methylpyrazole with Aromatic Aldehydes and Dimedone.
Authors: Lipson V. V. , Shirobokova M. G. , Shishkin O. V. , Shishkina S. V.
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and QSAR Studies on 5‐[2‐(2‐Methylpropyl‐enyl)‐1H benzimidazol‐1yl]‐4,6‐diphenyl‐pyrimidin‐2‐(5H)‐thione Derivatives as Antibacterial Agents.
Authors: Sharma P. , Kumar A. , Sharma M.
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Cardiac Effects of 3,4‐Dihydropyrimidin‐2‐(1H)‐one‐5 Carboxylates.
Authors: Sujatha Kuppusamy , Shanmugam Pachaiyappan , Perumal Paramasivam T. , Muralidharan Doraisamy , Rajendran Melani
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
One‐Pot Three‐Component Synthesis of 2‐Substituted 4‐Aminoquinazolines.
Authors: Rad‐Moghadam Kurosh , Samavi Laleh
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis, Anticonvulsant Activity and 5‐HT1A, 5‐HT2A Receptor Affinity of New N‐[(4‐Arylpiperazin‐1‐yl)‐alkyl] Derivatives of 2‐Azaspiro[4.4]nonane and [4.5]Decane‐1,3‐dione.
Authors: Obniska J. , Kolaczkowski M. , Bojarski A. J. , Duszynska B.
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Intramolecular 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloadditions of Dihydroimidazolium Ylides: Synthesis of Pyrrolo[1,2,3‐de]quinoxalines and Imidazo[1,2‐a]indoles.
Authors: Lory Pedro M. J. , Jones Raymond C. F. , Iley James N. , Coles Simon J. , Hursthouse Michael B.
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Novel Tricyclic Oxazolidinones by a Tandem SN2 and SNAr Reaction: SAR Studies on Conformationally Constrained Analogues of Linezolid.
Authors: Selvakumar N. , Reddy B. Yadi , Kumar G. Sunil , Khera Manoj Kumar , Srinivas D. , Kumar M. Sitaram , Das Jagattaran , Iqbal Javed , Trehan Sanjay
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Reaction of Perhydro‐1,3‐oxazines with 2‐Sulfanylacetic Acid.
Authors: Kukharev B. F. , Stankevich V. K. , Klimenko G. R. , Bayandin V. V. , Kukhareva V. A.
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of 1‐[2‐(2,5‐Dihydro‐2,5‐dioxo‐1H‐pyrrol‐1‐yl)ethyl] ‐3,5‐bis(prop‐2‐enyl)hexahydro‐1,3,5‐triazine‐2,4,6‐trione.
Authors: Kolyamshin O. A. , Danilov V. A. , Dmitriev S. N. , Kol'tsov N. I.
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Microwave‐Assisted Cyclic Amidine Synthesis Using TiCl4.
Authors: Hellal Malik , Bihel Frederic , Mongeot Alexandre , Bourguignon Jean‐Jacques
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Dibenzo‐Fused Seven‐Membered Nitrogen Heterocycles by a Tandem Reduction—Lactamization Reaction
Authors: Bunce Richard A. , Schammerhorn James E.
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
An Alkynylboronic Ester Cycloaddition Route to Functionalized Aromatic Boronic Esters.
Authors: Delaney Patrick M. , Moore Jane E. , Harrity Joseph P. A.
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Conjugate Silyl Transfer: 1,4‐Addition of Silyl Boronic Esters to Cyclic Enones and Lactones.
Authors: Walter Christian , Auer Gertrud , Oestreich Martin
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of 2‐Selenoxoperhydro‐1,3‐selenazin‐4‐ones and 2‐Selenoxo‐1,3‐selenazolidin‐4‐ones via Diselenocarbamate Intermediates.
Authors: Koketsu Mamoru , Yamamura Yusuke , Ishihara Hideharu
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Formation of Pyridazino[4,5‐c]pyridazine Derivatives upon [4 + 2]Cycloaddition of 4‐Phenyl‐1,2,4‐triazoline‐3,5‐dione to Cross‐Conjugated Monoferrocenyltrienes.
Authors: Martinez Mendoza Juan M. , Vazquez Lopez Eduardo A. , Moreno Esparza Rafael , Flores Alamo Marcos , Klimova Elena I.
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Gram‐Scale Synthesis of Pinusolide and Evaluation of Its Antileukemic Potential.
Authors: Shults E. E. , Velder J. , Schmalz H.‐G. , Chernov S. V. , Rubalova T. V. , Gatilov Y. V. , Henze G. , Tolstikov G. A. , Prokop A.
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthetic Transformations of Higher Terpenoids. Part 14. Synthesis of Pyrrololabdanoids from Lambertianic Acid.
Authors: Chernov S. V. , Shul'ts E. E. , Shakirov M. M. , Tolstikov G. A.
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Double α‐Ketol Rearrangement of (‐)‐1‐{(1S,2R,4R)‐1‐Ethenyl‐2‐hydroxy‐7,7‐dimethylbicyclo [2.2.1]hept‐2‐yl}ethan‐1‐one.
Authors: Vostrikov N. S. , Vasikov V. Z. , Akulova L. V. , Fatykhov A. A. , Khursan S. L. , Spirikhin L. V. , Miftakhov M. S.
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Biotransformation of Physalin H and Leishmanicidal Activity of Its Transformed Products.
Authors: Choudhary Muhammad Iqbal , Yousuf Sammer , Samreen Samreen , Shah Syed Adnan Ali , Ahmed Shakil , Atta‐ur‐Rahman Atta‐ur‐Rahman
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
An Efficient and Stereoselective Synthesis of 2‐Deoxy Ketopyranoses (III) from exo‐Glycals (I).
Authors: Ponzinibbio Agustin , Colinas Pedro A. , Lieberknecht Albrecht , Bravo Rodolfo D.
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Laurentixanthones A and B, Antimicrobial Xanthones from Vismia laurentii.
Authors: Nguemeving Jean Robert , Azebaze Anatole Guy Blaise , Kuete Victor , Carly Nono Nono Eric , Beng Veronique Penlab , Meyer Michele , Blond Alain , Bodo Bernard , Nkengfack Augustin Ephrem
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Sg17‐1‐4, a Novel Isocoumarin from a Marine Fungus Alternaria tenuis Sg17‐1
Authors: Huang Yong‐Fu , Li Lin‐Hao , Tian Li , Qiao Li , Hua Hui‐Ming , Pei Yue‐Hu
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Analysis of Complexes of Inhibitors with Cryptosporidium hominis DHFR Leads to a New Trimethoprim Derivative.
Authors: Popov Veljko M. , Chan David C. M. , Fillingham Yale A. , Yee W. Atom , Wright Dennis L. , Anderson Amy C.
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Identification of a Lead Pharmacophore for the Development of Potent Nuclear Receptor Modulators as Anticancer and X Syndrome Disease Therapeutic Agents.
Authors: Lin Hsiang‐Ru , Abraham Donald J.
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Air‐Stable Co‐, Fe‐, and Fe/Co‐Nanoparticles and Ferrofluids
Authors: Behrens Silke , Boennemann Helmut , Matoussevitch Nina , Dinjus Eckhard , Modrow Hartwig , Palina Natalie , Frerichs Martin , Kempter Volker , Maus‐Friedrichs Wolfgang , Heinemann Andre , et al. et al.
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Ni—Pd—Si (Nickel—Palladium—Silicon) System
Authors: Gupta K. P.
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
High‐Pressure Structures and Phase Transformations in Elemental Metals
Authors: McMahon Malcolm I. , Nelmes Richard J.
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A New Dimension in Multinuclear Metallocene Complexes
Authors: Wagner Matthias
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Chemistry of Cyclometallated Gold(III) Complexes with C,N‐Donor Ligands
Authors: Henderson William
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of 2′,3′‐Didehydro‐2′,3′‐dideoxynucleosides Having Variations at Either or Both of the 2′‐ and 3′‐Positions
Authors: Len Christophe , Mackenzie Grahame
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Nickel‐Catalyzed Coupling of Alkenes, Aldehydes, and Silyl Triflates
Authors: Ng Sze‐Sze , Ho Chun‐Yu , Jamison Timothy F.
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Conformational Properties of Resorcin[4]arenes with Unsubstituted Methylene Bridges
Authors: Konishi Hisatoshi
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Calixarene‐Based Anion Receptors
Authors: Matthews Susan E. , Beer Paul D.
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Multicomponent and Domino Processes in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Rosini Goffredo , Marotta Emanuela , Scardovi Noemi , Righi Paolo
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Photochemical Energy Conversion: From Molecular Dyads to Solar Cells
Authors: Durrant James R. , Haque Saif A. , Palomares Emilio
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Supramolecular Chemistry of Organic—Inorganic Hybrid Materials
Authors: Descalzo Ana B. , Martinez‐Manez Ramon , Sancenon Felix , Hoffmann Katrin , Rurack Knut
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Solution‐ and Solid‐State NMR Studies of 8‐ and 9‐Membered Medium Ring cis‐Cycloalkene Stereochemistry
Authors: Glaser Robert , Ergaz Itzhak , Levi‐Ruso Ganit , Shiftan Dror , Novoselsky Artem , Geresh Shimona
Published: November 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Benzo[d]isothiazol‐3‐yl‐benzamidines: a Class of Protective Agents on Culture of Human Cartilage and Chondrocytes Stimulated by IL‐1β
Authors: Vicini Paola , Incerti Matteo , Cardile Venera , Garufi Floriana , Ronsisvalle Simone , Panico Anna Maria
Published: November 2006

New derivatives of N‐benzo[d]isothiazol‐3‐yl‐benzamidine 6 a were synthesized as nonacidic anti‐inflammatory/antidegenerative agents. We investigated the influence of the amidines 6 a–j on the production of NO, PGE2, MMP‐3, COX‐2, ROS, and GAGs, key molecules involved in cartilage destruction in osteoarthritic diseases. The antidegenerative properties of the novel designed derivatives 6 b–j were improved with respect to N‐benzo[d]isothiazol‐3‐yl‐benzamidine 6 a. All of the compounds 6 a–j promoted the reduction of most of the IL‐1β‐induced harmful effects. Derivatives 6 d, 6 h, and 6 j were the most potent of all the tested compounds, particularly in the human chondrocyte culture model.
Prostate‐specific antigen nadir within 12 months of prostate cancer radiotherapy predicts metastasis and death
Authors: Alcántara Pino , Hanlon Alexandra , Buyyounouski Mark K. , Horwitz Eric M. , Pollack Alan
Published: November 2006

BACKGROUND.

The nadir prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) at 1 year (nPSA12) was investigated as an early estimate of biochemical and clinical outcome after radiotherapy (RT) alone for localized prostate cancer.

METHODS.

From May 1989 to November 1999, 1000 men received 3D conformal RT alone (median, 76 Gy) with minimum and median follow‐up periods of 26 and 58 months, respectively, from the end of treatment. The calculation of PSA doubling time (PSADT) was possible in 657 patients. Multivariate analyses (MVAs) via Cox proportional hazards regression were used to determine the association of nPSA12 to biochemical failure (BF; ASTRO definition), distant metastasis (DM), cause‐specific mortality (CSM), and overall mortality (OM). Dichotomization of nPSA12 was optimized by evaluating the sequential model likelihood ratio andP‐values.

RESULTS.

In MVA, nPSA12 as a continuous variable was independent of RT dose, T‐stage, Gleason score, pretreatment initial PSA, age, and PSADT in predicting for BF, DM, CSM, and OM. Dichotomized nPSA12 (≤2 versus >2 ng/mL) was independently related to DM and CSM. Kaplan‐Meier 10‐year DM rates for nPSA12 ≤2 versus >2 ng/mL were 4% versus 19% (P<.0001).

CONCLUSIONS.

nPSA12 is a strong independent predictor of outcome after RT alone for prostate cancer and should be useful in identifying patients at high risk for progression to metastasis and death. Cancer 2007. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
How do oncologists deal with incidental abnormalities on whole‐body fluorine‐18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT?
Authors: Wang Guohui , Lau Eddie W. F. , Shakher Ramdave , Rischin Danny , Ware Robert E. , Hong Emily , Binns David S. , Hogg Annette , Drummond Elizabeth , Hicks Rodney J.
Published: November 2006

BACKGROUND.

Combined positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) using fluorine‐18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is an exciting technique for cancer evaluation, but false‐positive results are a recognized limitation. The aim of the study was to evaluate how oncologists deal with focal extrathyroidal FDG abnormalities considered by imaging specialists to be unrelated to the referral indication.

METHODS.

PET scan reports from a 12‐month period from August 2002 to July 2003 in 1727 consecutive patients (mean age, 63 years) were reviewed. Incidental, nonphysiologic FDG abnormalities were classified based on the report conclusion. The frequency with which such abnormalities were investigated by oncologists and the final diagnosis were compared with the imaging diagnosis with a minimum potential follow‐up of 2 years (mean, 27.5 months).

RESULTS.

Incidental FDG abnormalities were reported in 199 (12%) of 1727 patients, including 181 with adequate follow‐up. Of 59 cases with a suspected second malignancy, 34 (58%) were actively investigated, with 14 confirmed, 7 unexpected metastatic sites, and 10 other active pathologies. Only 1 further cancer was subsequently detected in the 25 (42%) patients not actively investigated. Conversely, of 122 sites presumed to be benign, only 10 (8%) were actively investigated. Only 2 were proven to relate to malignancy.

CONCLUSIONS.

Although incidental abnormalities were common, most were benign and appropriately categorized by experienced readers. For actively investigated extrathyroidal abnormalities, a neoplastic basis was confirmed in over 60% of cases. Conversely, for cases deemed most likely benign by the PET/CT report or after review of readily available clinical information by the referring oncologist, the rate of malignancy was less than 2%. Cancer 2007. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
Protein Dynamics Tightly Connected to the Dynamics of Surrounding and Internal Water Molecules
Authors: Helms Volkhard
Published: November 2006

Proteins are key components of biological cells. For example, enzymes catalyze biochemical reactions, membrane transporters are responsible for uptake and release of critical and superfluous components from the cell environment, and structural proteins are responsible for the stability of the cell wall and cytoskeleton. Many of the diverse protein functions involve dynamic transitions ranging from small local atomic displacements up to large allosteric conformational changes. In any conformation, proteins are in contact with the universal solvent medium of cells, water. Water not only surrounds proteins but is often an integral part of proteins and also is involved in key mechanistic steps. This Minireview discusses recent experimental and theoretical results on the role of water for protein dynamics and function.
Severe extraossous calcification in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Prabahar M. Ram , Sivakumar K. G. , Manorajan R. , Jayakumar M.
Published: November 2006

Background

The most frequent cause of death in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a cardiovascular event. Disturbances of mineral and bone metabolism result in vascular calcification, which partly accounts for the increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Extraosseous calcification in CKD can produce a range of pathologies including calcific uremic arteriolopathy, extraosseous soft‐tissue calcification, calcification involving solid organs, and corneal, conjunctival, peritoneal, vascular, and valvular calcification. In rare instances, calcification can involve all of these structures.

Patient

We report a CKD patient with extensive extraosseous calcification and calciphylaxis. A 45‐year‐old woman, known to have CKD since 2001, presented to us with painful ulcers in both great toes and exertional dyspnea.

Results

Investigations revealed severe renal failure, anemia, hypoalbuminemia, hyperphosphatemia, and normal corrected calcium. Her imaging studies showed diffuse uniform calcification of femoral, posterior tibial, radial, ulnar, and digital arteries. Ophthalmological consultation obtained for red eye suggested this condition was a result of conjunctival and corneal calcification. In a plain abdominal x‐ray she had visceral calcification, subcutaneous calcification, and calcification of her abdominal arteries. A Doppler study of both upper‐ and lower‐limb arteries was normal. Biopsy from the skin adjacent to the ulcer was suggestive of calciphylaxis. A superficial temporal artery biopsy showed medial calcification and subintimal fibrosis. Her iPTH was 5,560 pg/mL, and ultrasound of the neck revealed diffusely enlarged parathyroid glands. Alcohol ablation was attempted but failed. The patient was treated with daily dialysis, aluminum‐based phosphate binder, and aggressive wound care, and a parathyroidectomy was planned. The patient had sudden cardiac death on dialysis.

Conclusions

This case is presented to highlight all components of extraosseous calcification in a single patient including soft‐tissue, visceral, and vascular calcification, and calciphylaxis.
Rapid accumulation of nucleostemin in nucleolus during newt regeneration
Authors: Maki Nobuyasu , Takechi Katsuaki , Sano Shozo , Tarui Hiroshi , Sasai Yoshiki , Agata Kiyokazu
Published: November 2006

In newt regeneration, differentiated cells can revert to stem cell–like cells in which the proliferative ability and multipotentiality are restored after dedifferentiation. However, the molecular events that occur during the dedifferentiation still remain obscure. Nucleostemin has been identified in mammals as a nucleolar protein specific to stem cells and cancer cells. In this study, a newt nucleostemin homologue was cloned and its regulation was analyzed. During lens regeneration, the expression of nucleostemin was activated and nucleostemin rapidly accumulated in the nucleoli of dedifferentiating pigmented epithelial cells 2 days before cell cycle reentry. During limb regeneration, nucleostemin also accumulated in the nucleoli of degenerating multinucleate muscle fibers before blastema formation. These findings suggest that nucleostemin plays a role in the dedifferentiation of newt cells and can provide crucial clues for addressing the molecular events at early steps of cellular dedifferentiation in newts. Developmental Dynamics 236:941–950, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Merocyanine‐Like Chromophores as Ligands for Catalytic Active Metals of Group VIII
Authors: Blumhoff Jörg , Beckert Rainer , Walther Dirk , Rau Sven , Rudolph Manfred , Görls Helmar , Plass Winfried
Published: November 2006

Nickel and palladium complexes that contain merocyanine‐like 4H‐imidazoles as ligands have been synthesized in good yields. The complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, mass spectrometry, 1H NMR, 13C NMR spectroscopy and in the solid state by single crystal diffraction analyses. The new palladium complexes of type 4 can be regarded as new functional dyes as well as deeply coloured and redox active metallacycles that display catalytic activity. In contrast to parent compounds 2, the palladacycles of type 4 show two well‐separated reductions that are fully reversible. The values of semiquinone formation constants of derivatives 4 (between 1011 and 1012) are only somewhat lower than those reported for similar boracycles.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Naturalised Dyes: A Simple Straightforward Synthetic Route to a New Class of Dyes – Glycoazodyes (GADs)
Authors: Bartalucci Giuditta , Bianchini Roberto , Catelani Giorgio , D'Andrea Felicia , Guazzelli Lorenzo
Published: November 2006

We report a process to naturalise synthetic azodyes through their linkage with lactose, or its monosaccharide components, either galactose or glucose, to enhance their solubility, as many other natural dyes. This modification allows the dyeing process of textile materials to take place in water without the addition of surfactants or other additives. The synthesis of the first generation of glycoazodyes (GADs) is carried out with the use of a diester linker to bond the azodye and the sugar. Preliminary tinctorial tests showed that this first generation of GADs is soluble in water and that these new dyes are multipurpose and are able to dye different fabrics well.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Synthesis of Some Trifluoromethylated Cyclodextrin Derivatives and Analysis of Their Properties as Artificial Glycosidases and Oxidases
Authors: Bjerre Jeannette , Hauch Fenger Thomas , Marinescu Lavinia G. , Bols Mikael
Published: November 2006

Cyclodextrin derivatives containing trifluoromethyl groups at C6 of the A and D rings were synthesized for the purpose of creating artificial enzymes. The compounds were synthesized by perbenzylation of β‐cyclodextrin followed by selective A,D‐debenzylation according to Sinaÿ. Subsequent oxidation to dialdehyde with Dess–Martin periodinane followed by addition of CF3 by using Arduengo carbene and TMSCF3 led to the C6‐bistrifluoromethylated alcohols. These were either deprotected by hydrogenolysis or subjected to another round of oxidation to provide the corresponding ketones that were deprotected. The trifluoromethylated alcohols were found to be weak artificial enzymes catalysing hydrolysis of nitrophenyl glycosides at neutral pH with a kcat/kuncat of up to 56. It is proposed that this catalysis is analogues to the catalysis performed by related cyanohydrins. The trifluoro ketones were likewise weak articial enzymes catalysing oxidation of amines to nitro derivatives or alcohols to ketones with a kcat/kuncat of up to 133. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Molecular simulation of carbon dioxide adsorption in chemically and structurally heterogeneous porous carbons
Authors: Tenney C.M. , Lastoskie C.M.
Published: November 2006

Capture of carbon dioxide from fossil fuel power plants via adsorption and sequestration of carbon dioxide in unmineable coal seams are achievable near‐term methods of reducing atmospheric emissions of this greenhouse gas. To investigate the influence of surface heterogeneity upon predicted adsorption behavior in activated carbons and coal, isotherms were generated via grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation for CO2 adsorption in slit‐shaped pores with underlying graphitic structure and several variations of chemical heterogeneity (oxygen and hydrogen content), pore width, and surface functional group orientation. Adsorption generally increased with increasing surface oxygen content, although exceptions to this trend were observed on structurally heterogeneous surfaces with holes or furrows that yield strongly adsorbing preferred binding sites. Among the heterogeneous pore structures investigated, those with coal‐like surfaces adsorbed carbon dioxide more strongly than planar, homogeneous graphitic slit pores of comparable width. Electrostatic adsorbate–adsorbent interactions significantly influenced adsorption onto model surfaces. © 2006 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 25: 343–354, 2006
Selective Cathode Catalysts for Mixed‐reactant Alkaline Alcohol Fuel Cells
Authors: Meng H. , Wu M. , Hu X. X. , Nie M. , Wei Z. D. , Shen P. K.
Published: November 2006

A highly selective Ag‐W2C/C electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction is developed for potential application in mixed‐reactant alcohol fuel cells. The catalysts are prepared by an intermittent microwave heating (IMH) method. Both the W2C/C and Ag‐W2C/C show catalytic activity for oxygen reduction in alkaline media. The introduction of W2C into the Ag/C results in an enhanced activity that is evidenced by a positive movement in the onset potential and an increased current density at the same conditions. The novelty of the Ag‐W2C/C catalyst is the high selectivity for oxygen reduction in the presence of alcohol.
Guided saccades modulate object and face‐specific activity in the fusiform gyrus
Authors: Morris James P. , McCarthy Gregory
Published: November 2006

We investigated the influence of saccadic eye movements on the magnitude of functional MRI (fMRI) activation in brain regions known to participate in object and face perception. In separate runs, subjects viewed a static image of a uniform gray field, a face, or a flower. Every 500 ms a small fixation cross made a discrete jump within the image and subjects were required to make a saccade and fixate the cross at its new location. Each run consisted of alternating blocks in which the subject was guided to make small and large saccades. A comparison of large vs. small saccade blocks revealed robust activity in the oculomotor system, particularly within the frontal eye fields (FEF), intraparietal sulcus (IPS), and superior colliculi regardless of the background image. Activity within portions of the ventral occipitotemporal cortex (VOTC) including the lingual and fusiform gyri was also modulated by saccades, but here saccade‐related activity was strongly influenced by the background image. Activity within the VOTC was strongest when large saccadic eye movements were made over an image of a face or a flower compared to a uniform gray image. Of most interest was activity in the functionally predefined face‐specific region of the fusiform gyrus, where large saccades made over a face increased activity, but where similar large saccades made over a flower or a uniform gray field did not increase activity. These results demonstrate the potentially confounding influence of uncontrolled eye movements for neuroimaging studies of face and object perception. Hum Brain Mapp 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neural correlates of automatic beliefs about gender and race
Authors: Knutson Kristine M. , Mah Linda , Manly Charlotte F. , Grafman Jordan
Published: November 2006

Functional MRI was used to identify the brain areas underlying automatic beliefs about gender and race, and suppression of those attitudes. Participants (n = 20; 7 females) were scanned at 3 tesla while performing the Implicit Association Test (IAT), an indirect measure of race and gender bias. We hypothesized that ventromedial prefrontal cortex areas (PFC) would mediate gender and racial stereotypic attitudes, and suppression of these beliefs would recruit dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Performance data on the IAT revealed gender and racial biases. Racial bias was correlated with an explicit measure of racism. Results showed activation of anteromedial PFC and rostral ACC while participants implicitly made associations consistent with gender and racial biases. In contrast, associations incongruent with stereotypes recruited DLPFC. Implicit gender bias was correlated with amygdala activation during stereotypic conditions. Results suggest there are dissociable roles for anteromedial and dorsolateral PFC circuits in the activation and inhibition of stereotypic attitudes. Hum Brain Mapp 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hyponatremia in cirrhosis: Results of a patient population survey
Authors: Angeli Paolo , Wong Florence , Watson Hugh , Ginès Pere
Published: November 2006

Low serum sodium concentration is an independent predictor of mortality in patients with cirrhosis, but its prevalence and clinical significance is unclear. To evaluate prospectively the prevalence of low serum sodium concentration and the association between serum sodium levels and severity of ascites and complications of cirrhosis, prospective data were collected on 997 consecutive patients from 28 centers in Europe, North and South America, and Asia for a period of 28 days. The prevalence of low serum sodium concentration as defined by a serum sodium concentration ≤135 mmol/L, ≤130 mmol/L, ≤125 mmol/L, and ≤120 mmol/L was 49.4%, 21.6%, 5.7%, and 1.2%, respectively. The prevalence of low serum sodium levels (<135 mmol/L) was high in both inpatients and outpatients (57% and 40%, respectively). The existence of serum sodium <135 mmol/L was associated with severe ascites, as indicated by high prevalence of refractory ascites, large fluid accumulation rate, frequent use of large-volume paracentesis, and impaired renal function, compared with normal serum sodium levels. Moreover, low serum sodium levels were also associated with greater frequency of hepatic encephalopathy, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and hepatorenal syndrome, but not gastrointestinal bleeding. Patients with serum sodium <130 mmol/L had the greatest frequency of these complications, but the frequency was also increased in patients with mild reduction in serum sodium levels (131-135 mmol/L).

In conclusion

, low serum sodium levels in cirrhosis are associated with severe ascites and high frequency of hepatic encephalopathy, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and hepatorenal syndrome.
Characterization of HBV DNA+/HBsAg− blood donors in Poland identified by triplex NAT
Authors: Brojer Ewa , Grabarczyk Piotr , Liszewski Grzegorz , Mikulska Maria , Allain Jean-Pierre , Letowska Magdalena
Published: November 2006

Nucleic acid testing (NAT) for hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been performed in Poland since 2005 on samples seronegative for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti–hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV), and anti–human immunodeficiency virus (anti-HIV). Tools included 24-donation pool testing (PT) using Cobas Amplicor or in individual donations (ID) by Procleix Ultrio. Seven of 761,666 (1:108,800) and 21/250,191 (1:11,900) HBV DNA–positive donations were identified and confirmed by alternative methods. HBV DNA load ranged between 11.6 and 4.6 × 104 IU/mL in 11 samples and could not be quantified in 17 samples. HBV genotypes A (56%) and D (4%) were found. The analysis of combined results from index, follow-up, and look-back samples identified four groups: (1) Two cases tested HBsAg positive with alternative, more sensitive, assays; (2) Four cases were in the pre-seroconversion window period; (3) Eight cases had a fluctuating pattern of HBV DNA and anti-HBs detection (recovered infection); and (4) twelve cases carried anti-HBc without anti-HBs, which might correspond to either chronic or recovered “occult” HBV infection. One donor with no HBV markers in the follow-up was excluded, and another was in the window period preceding anti-HBs. HBV NAT identified more confirmed positive donors than HCV or HIV NAT, and 1:250,000 could not be detected by anti-HBc screening. Serological and molecular studies on follow-up and look-back samples are important to classify donors.

In conclusion

, further studies are needed to determine whether the considerably higher yield of HBV DNA detection obtained with individual donation screening improves blood safety compared with anti-HBc screening.
Accuracy of liver stiffness measurement for the diagnosis of cirrhosis in patients with chronic liver diseases
Authors: Ganne-Carrié Nathalie , Ziol Marianne , de Ledinghen Victor , Douvin Catherine , Marcellin Patrick , Castera Laurent , Dhumeaux Daniel , Trinchet Jean-Claude , Beaugrand Michel
Published: November 2006

A proper diagnosis of cirrhosis is essential for the management of patients with chronic liver diseases. We assessed the accuracy of liver stiffness measurement by Fibroscan for the diagnosis of cirrhosis in 1,257 patients with chronic liver diseases of various causes enrolled in a prospective multicenter study as well as clarified causes of discrepancies between liver histology and Fibroscan. One hundred thirty-two patients had unsuitable biopsy specimens, and 118 had unreliable liver stiffness measurements. Because 232 patients overlapped with a previous study, analysis was performed in the 775 new patients then derived in the whole population (1,007; 165 cirrhosis). Diagnostic accuracy was assessed by receiver operator curve (ROC) analysis. Liver samples were re-analyzed in case of discrepancies. The area under the ROC (AUROC) was 0.95 (95% CI, 0.93-0.96) for the diagnosis of cirrhosis in either 775 or 1,007 patients. The cutoff value with optimal diagnosis accuracy was 14.6 kPa in 1,007 patients (positive and negative predictive values, 74% and 96%) with discrepancies among the etiological groups. Eighty patients were misclassified: (1) among 45 patients without cirrhosis with liver stiffness 14.6 kPa or greater, 27 (60%) had extensive fibrosis and 10 (22%) significant perisinusoidal fibrosis; and (2) among 35 patients with cirrhosis and liver stiffness less than 14.6 kPa, 10 (29%) had a macronodular pattern and 25 (71%) either none or mild activity.

In conclusion

, Fibroscan is a reliable method for the diagnosis of cirrhosis in patients with chronic liver diseases, better at excluding than at predicting cirrhosis using a threshold of 14.6 kPa. False-negatives are mainly attributable to inactive or macronodular cirrhosis.