bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INTRINSIC CARBON-OXYGEN LOGGING FOR ENHANCED CONSISTENCY OF RESERVOIR SATURATION MONITORING
Authors:   Saudi Aramco, Ma Shouxiang Mark , Guergueb Nacer ,   Halliburton, Guo Weijun ,   Halliburton, Eid Mahmoud ,   Halliburton
Published: August 2021

Pulsed neutron carbon-oxygen (C/O) logging is a valuable measurement for dynamic reservoir saturation monitoring, especially in mixed salinity and fresh-water environments. Currently, all C/O logs are based on apparent C/O measurements, thus responses of raw data are not comparable between different tools. Tool-specific calibrations are used to convert apparent C/O log to reservoir oil saturation; the objective of C/O logging. In this paper, a new concept of intrinsic C/O logging is introduced so that raw data from different tools can be compared for enhanced log quality control and consistency of raw data and their applications. For a given system of rock, oil, and water, intrinsic carbon (C) and oxygen (O), thus C/O ratio, are theoretically calculated. For the same system, apparent C/O ratio measured by a generic C/O logging tool is also obtained using existing apparent C/O methodology. A correlation between the two is established, enabling an intrinsic C/O log output. Eleven laboratory physical tests and 120 Monte Carlo simulated case studies are conducted. Systems investigated include sandstone and limestone with different porosities and fluid saturations. Borehole sizes are 6 and 8 inches, and borehole fluids are water, oil, and their mixtures. Correlations between intrinsic and apparent C/O are established and concept of intrinsic C/O logging is verified.
Estimasi Parameter Modul Surya 190 Wp Menggunakan Metode Newton Raphson
Authors: Hafid Abdul
Published: August 2021

Tulisan ini menyajikan hasil penelitian tentang estimasi parameter modul surya  tipe BLD180-72M dengan daya puncak 190 Wp menggunakan metode Newton Raphson. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan model rangkaian  ekuivalen sel surya  model satu diode. Parameter yang diestimasi adalah arus foton (photocurrent), resistansi seri  dan resistansi paralel  dari modul. Dua parameter lainnya, yaitu arus balik saturasi diode (diode reverse saturation current) dan faktor keidealan diode (diode ideality factor) tidak diestimasi tetapi diasumsikan memiliki nilai tertentu.  Dalam penelitian ini, estimasi parameter , da berhasil dilakukan  dan hasilnya konvergen, yaitu arus foton 6.7211A, resistansi seri 0.2135 Ω dan resistansi paralel sebesar 26.438 Ω.  Pada penelitian ini, diberikan juga  nilai ketiga parameter yang disebutkan untuk temperatur kerja modul  48 0C untuk bebagai tingkat penyinaran matahari. Berdasarkan kurva  daya keluaran versus tegangan dari modul surya yang diteliti, diperoleh hasil bahwa untuk iradiasi  matahari sebesar  600 W/m2, daya yang dihasilkan modul  maksimum sekitar 70 W, dan untuk iradiasi matahari sebesar 700 W/m2 daya keluaran maksimumnya sekitar 102 W, dan untuk iradiasi  matahari 1000 W/m2,, modul surya tipe BLD180-72M menghasilkan daya keluaran  puncak sekitar 198 W
On the problems of creating shells of fuel rods from zirconium alloys for tolerant fuel
Authors:   AS “SRC RF TRINITI”, Yakushkin A. A.
Published: August 2021

Three directions of the establishment of accident tolerant fuel cladding for light water reactors are actively exploring at present: 1) replacement zirconium alloy E110 for more corrosion-resistant material in accident operation conditions; 2) surface dispersion hardening or doping of the zirconium cladding of fuel element; 3) deposition a corrosion-resistant coating to the fuel cladding. The first direction requires significant and irreversible changes in fuel rod production technology and has long-term prospects. Conversely, the second direction suggest minimal changes in the fuel rod production technology, however, it has no significant effect on the high temperature oxidation kinetics of fuel claddings in steam. Using of a corrosion resistant coating results in a significant change in the high temperature oxidation kinetics of the zirconium alloy, (no transition to linear oxidation) that is related to maintaining the continuity of the oxide layer formed during oxidation. The issue provides a brief overview of the current state of research in the field of fuel, tolerant to the effects of coolant in emergency situations.
The pure yttrium oxide microspheres for nuclear medicine
Authors:   LLC “BION”, Belousova N. A. , Lisafin A. B. ,   LLC “Technokeramika”
Published: August 2021

Cancers of liver are a problem of modern medicine. A common method of treatment is surgery. In patients who do not need surgery, various methods of local exposure can be prescribed (radiofrequency ablation, chemoembolization, brachytherapy, etc.). In the last decade, a method of treating cancer of liver — radioembolization of the liver-has been introduced into practice. The method is based on selective intra-arterial injection of glass or rubber microspheres containing yttrium radionuclide, resulting in local radiation exposure to tumor tissue. Recently, there has been increasing interest in the production of ceramic microspheres of the yttrium-90 (90Y) isotope. Narrow-fraction microspheres of pure yttrium oxide were obtained as a result of processing yttrium oxide powder in an air RF plasma. The resulting microspheres were subjected to ultrasonic treatment in deionized water, as a result of which the total specific surface area of the particles decreased by 10 %. Yttrium oxide microspheres were etched in a solution of sodium chloride for 11 days, after which the surface of the particles did not undergo significant changes. As a result, microspheres were obtained that have potential applications in nuclear medicine.
Effect of azo compounds on structure and mechanical properties of copper coating electrodeposited on oxidized aluminum alloys
Authors:   JSC Burevestnik, Belov D. V. , Maximov M. V. ,   JSC Burevestnik, Belyaev S. N. ,   Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Devyatkina T. I. ,   Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alekseev, Gevorgyan G. A. ,   JSC Burevestnik
Published: August 2021

This article discusses a new method for producing copper electrolytic coatings with high performance properties applied to oxidized aluminum alloys. The purpose of this work is to reveal the effect of the azo compound additive, methyl red (MR), on the structure and physicomechanical properties of copper coatings deposited on oxidized aluminum. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were solved: the microstructure and adhesive properties of the copper coating formed on oxidized aluminum alloys were determined, and the physical and mechanical properties of the copper coating (microhardness, open porosity, adhesion) were connected with the action of an azo dye in the copper plating electrolyte. Samples of aluminum alloys AD1M and AMg6BM were subjected to anodic treatment under the same conditions in two oxidation electrolytes of various compositions. The process of applying a copper coating to samples of oxidized aluminum alloys was carried out using a standard copper plating electrolyte. The comparison was carried out with a copper plating electrolyte of the same composition, in which an additive of azo dye, methyl red (MR). The use of this technology will not only increase the reliability and durability of machine parts and mechanisms, but also restore old ones, which is an important and relevant scientific and technical task.
Clinical case of delivery of a pregnant woman with Vasa previa on the background of Placenta previa/accreta
Authors: Golyanovskiy О.V. , Dyadyk O.A. , Oshovskyy V.I. , Geint N.E. , Mekhedko V.V. , Kachur O.Yu.
Published: August 2021

Vasa previa is characterized by the presentation of blood vessels of the umbilical cord, which pass through the amniotic sac over the inner eye of the cervix or in its immediate vicinity (up to 5 cm) and are associated with umbilical cord blood flow and are in front of the anterior part of the fetus.Risk factors for Vasa Previa are placental pathology, in particular placenta previa and low placental location; membranous attachment of the umbilical cord, IVF, the presence of an additional share of the placenta or dichotomous placenta, as well as multiple pregnancy. Without prior diagnosis of Vasa previa, fetal mortality reaches 44%, while in antenatal detection the survival rate is up to 97%.Current standard clinical practice during pregnancy with obstetric risk factors for Vasa previa includes assessment of the condition of the lower segment of the uterus and cervix using TVUS and enhanced / color Doppler imaging. The use of additional modern diagnostic methods is a very important step in the aspect of differential diagnosis, especially when additional structures are visualized in the immediate vicinity of the cervix.The article describes a clinical case of Vasa previa on the background of Placenta previa / accreta in women with a burdened somatic and obstetric history and with 4 previous surgeries on the pelvic organs (laparotomy). The management of a clinical case with timely diagnosis and delivery with the help of modern medical and technical support of cesarean section (tranexamic acid, carbetocin, argon plasma tissue coagulation) is presented. Pathology and histology data confirming the diagnosis are attached as well.Thanks to the use of modern methods of diagnosis and delivery, it was possible to prevent severe complications, primarily hemorrhagic, both from the fetus and from the pregnant woman with a rather rare obstetric pathology in the form of Vasa previa with umbilical cord membranous attachment, Placenta previa / accreta partialis.
Integration of obstetrics and gynecology services into primary health care
Authors: Zhilka N.Ya. , Slabky G.O. , Shcherbinska O.S.
Published: August 2021

In the historical dimension in Ukraine, family medicine (SM) was founded as a pilot project in the Lviv region in 1987. In 1992, after the successful introduction of the elements of the SM, a decision was made to reorganize the district service in the SM. This process was designed for several years and its implementation was planned in 5 stages: Stage I - UT (local therapist) perform the functions of doctors whose specialization is as close as possible to therapy; Stage II - UT replace doctors of narrower specialties; Stage III - UT provide not only primary health care (PTD), but also monitor patients with chronic diseases; Stage IV - UT provide obstetric and gynecological care, and pregnant women seek help from a family doctor; Stage V - complete retraining of UT, who must become qualified general practitioners - family medicine (GP-SM).The introduction of obstetric and gynecological services in the medical department was planned at stage IV, this process was long-awaited and provided, first of all, the training of family doctors in obstetric and gynecological technologies and skills. And only in 2002, the sectoral Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine No. 503 of 28.12.2002 «On the improvement of outpatient obstetric and gynecological care in Ukraine» for the first time defined the features of the functions of a family doctor to provide obstetric and gynecological care, and the Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine dated 15.07.2011 No. 417 “On the organization of outpatient obstetric and gynecological care in Ukraine”, the functions of the GP-SM on obstetric and gynecological care were expanded.However, taking into account the results of the analysis, the integration of obstetric and gynecological services at the PHC level is extremely imperfect, which makes it inaccessible to the population, ineffective in the preventive direction, unattainable for organizing the treatment process in cases of gynecological diseases. In addition, there are legal conflicts between the sectoral order on PMP No. 504 «On the approval of the procedure for the provision of primary health care», which does not define examination and instrumental obstetric and gynecological technologies for GP-SM, and the designated clinical protocols approved by orders of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine which do not contribute to the integration of obstetric and gynecological services at the PHC level.
Treatment with an intravaginal gel containing siliceous dioxide, selenite, and citric acid to promote regression of ASC-US, LSIL, ASC-H, HSIL, p16/Ki67 status and improve clearance of hr-HPV in cervical specimens
Authors: Mueller A. , Sailer M. , Regidor P.A.
Published: August 2021

Objective: An intravaginal gel containing highly dispersed silicon dioxide (SiO2) and an anti-oxidative combination of citric acid and sodium selenite was tested for its ability to promote regression of abnormal cytological findings and its influence on hr-HPV status and tumor markers p16/Ki67 (CINtec® PLUS test).Patients and methods: A control study was performed, including women (n=100) diagnosed with conspicuous cervical smears (ASC-US, LSIL, ASC-H, or HSIL). The gel was applied for 3x28 days. After three months, participants were analyzed for Pap status, hr-HPV strains, and expression of tumor markers p16/Ki67. Three months later, Pap testing and p16/Ki67 analysis were repeated. The results were compared to those of 106 women who met the same inclusion criteria but did not obtain any treatment.Results: After six months, cytological Pap findings were improved in 80.9% of the participants in the treated group, and the clearing of hr-HPV was observed in 53% of cases. Only 5.3% were tested p16/Ki67 positive after six months in comparison to 75.0% at baseline. In the comparison group, 37.1% of the Pap smears and 18.6% of the CinTec results were improved, but no hr-HPV clearance was observed. The improvements were highly significant for the treatment. Conclutions: The vaginal gel containing SiO2 sodium selenite, and citric acid may support the healing of conspicuous cytological findings and clearance of hr-HPV.
Correction of urodynamic disorders in women with genitourinary syndrome using a fractional CO2-laser
Authors: Beniuk V.O. , Goncharenko V.M. , Puchko M.S. , Momot A.A. , Kovaliuk T.V. , Polovynka V.O.
Published: August 2021

This article is devoted to the treatment of urodynamic disorders in women with the genitourinary syndrome by using a fractional CO2-laser. Nowdays, the development of genitourinary syndrome is an urgent problem among women of different ages. Genitourinary disorders are a complex of symptoms associated with the development of atrophic and dystrophic processes in the estrogenic tissues (the urethra, lower third of the uterus, pelvic floor ligaments and muscles). The objective: to determine the pathogenetic effectiveness of CO2 laser in the treatment of urodynamic disorders in premenopausal women with genitourinary syndrome.Materials and methods. The study covered 130 female patients with symptoms of the genitourinary syndrome. The patients were divided into two groups depending on their treatment. The main group consisted of 56 women using CO2 laser therapy. The comparison group consisted of 74 women who were treated with local application of hormone. To assess the efficacy of treatment and the functional status of the lower urinary tract, a comprehensive pre-treatment and post-treatment urodynamic examination were performed.Results. The average age of the patients in the examined groups was 47.2±2.5 years. After the treatment, the urodynamic examination showed an increase of the maximal intraurethral pressure from 16.8±17.9 to 26.7±21.2 mm Hg in the main group (p<0.01). The urethral closure pressure increased from 15.3±13.2 to 26.8±18.5 mm Hg (p<0.01). These changes were found upon examination of the functional length of the urethra, which increased from 2.0±0.3 to 3.0±0.4 cm, and thus reached normative values for healthy women. At the same time, the pre-treatment and post-treatment indicators did not statistically differ in comparison group.Conclusions. The results of the study show that the MonaLisaTouch method of laser fractional ablation of vaginal and vulva epithelium is highly effective compared with local hormonal therapy and can be recommended as a monotherapy for urogenital disorders and pelvic floor dysfunction.
Environmental Factors for Motivation of First-Generation Hmong American College Students in Academic Attainment
Authors:   California State University, USA, Hang Avita , Walsh Nichole
Published: August 2021

This qualitative thematic analysis study examined the motivations of first-generation college graduate Hmong American students in their educational attainment. Currently, Hmong American students are facing cultural and institutional barriers which continue to impact access to and achievement in college. Although there is an educational disparity, for some within the Hmong American student community, there is resilience to overcome and graduate from institutions of higher education which is important to understand. Culturally Engaging Campus Environment Model underpinned the one-on-one in-depth interviews of purposively sampled first-generation college graduate Hmong American students who attended the University of California, Merced. The findings from the study highlighted ways family supports, role models, breaking culturally normed gender roles, Hmong Student Associations (HSAs), and intentional holistic campus supports are important motivational environmental factors in Hmong American students’ higher education journey.
Information and communication technology-based interventions for suicide prevention implemented in clinical settings: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Shin Hwayeon Danielle , Zaheer Juveria , Rodak Terri , Torous John , Strudwick Gillian
Published: August 2021

IntroductionThere is a surplus of Information and Communication Technology (ICT)-based interventions for suicide prevention. However, it is unclear which of these ICT-based interventions for suicide prevention have been implemented in clinical settings. Furthermore, evidence shows that implementation strategies have often been mismatched to existing barriers. In response, the authors recognize the critical need for prospectively assessing the barriers and facilitators and then strategically developing implementation strategies. This review is part of a multi-phase project to develop and test tailored implementation strategies for mobile app-based suicide prevention in clinical settings. The overall objective of this scoping review is to identify and characterize ICT-based interventions for all levels of suicide prevention in clinical settings. Additionally, this review will identify and characterize the barriers and facilitators to implementing these ICT-based interventions as well as reported measures and outcomes. The findings will directly inform the subsequent phase to maximize implementation and inform future efforts for implementing other types of ICT-based interventions related to suicide prevention in clinical settings.Methods and analysis This review will adhere to the methods described by the Joanna Briggs Institute for conducting scoping reviews. The reporting will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for scoping reviews checklist. The following databases will be searched: Medline, PsycInfo, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and LISTA. Two reviewers will independently screen the articles and extract data using a standardised data collection tool. Then, authors will characterize extracted data using frameworks, typology, and taxonomies to address the proposed review questions. Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required for this scoping review. Authors will share the results in a peer-reviewed, open access publication, and conference presentations. Furthermore, the findings will be shared with relevant health organizations through lay language summaries and informal presentations.
Effect of an Ayurvedic intervention (Ayush-64) in mild to moderate COVID-19: An exploratory prospective single arm clinical trial
Authors: N.R.Singh  , Madan Amit , Yadav Babita , Gupta Arun , Rana Rakesh Kumar , Wetal Vishakha Rajesh , Dubey Neha , Jameela Sophia , Singhal Richa , Khanduri Shruti , Sharma Bhagwan S , Chandrasekhararao Bhogavalli , Bharti  , Srikanth N. , K.S.Dhiman
Published: August 2021

Background: Ayush-64 is an Ayurvedic formulation, developed and patented by Central Council of Research in Ayurvedic Sciences (CCRAS). In the present study, we repurposed it for use in mild to moderate COVID-19 cases based on a pilot study against Influenza like illness (ILI) and molecular docking study which revealed that several compounds isolated from Ayush-64 demostrated antiviral activity. Purpose: To evaluate the role of Ayush-64 in clinical recovery of mild to moderate COVID-19 pattientsStudy Design: A single arm, pilot study in mild to moderate COVID-19 patientsMethods: The study was conducted from 20th June, 2020 to 11th August, 2020 at Chaudhary Brahm Prakash Ayurved Charak Sansthan (CBPACS), New Delhi, India involving 37 confirmed COVID-19 participants. Ayush 64 tablets in the dose of two tablets (500 mg each) thrice daily was given to the participants for a duration of either 8 or 14 days. Number of participants showing ‘clinical recovery’ was set as primary outcome. Percentage of participants with negative SARS-CoV-2 on nasal or throat swab in a 2-day consecutive real time RT-PCR test was evaluated as secondary outcome. Result: In the study 86.1% participants have shown clinical recovery after 14 days intervention of Ayush-64, out of which 75% clinically recovered within 7 days. Finding of RT-PCR test has shown that 69.4% participants turned negative till 15th day, out of which 50% became negative on 8th day. No AE/ ADR was observed during the course of the study.Conclusion: Ayush-64 is a safe treatment option in mild to moderate COVID-19 cases and is likely to significantly facilitate clinical improvement in terms of duration for clinical recovery and attaining negative conversion, without any ADR/AE.
The Relationship Between Foreign Direct Investment Oriented Economic Growth in Uganda: An Empirical Study Based on VAR Model
Authors: Barbra Nabyonga , Nawaz Hina
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Economic growth as measured by Gross Domestic Product (GDP) over Uganda, from 1980-2018. Vector Autoregressive Model (VAR) and Granger Causality test were used. The results show thatlag 1 is the optimal lag hence bivariate VAR (1) model was used. GDP and FDI exhibits long-term equilibrium since the two-time series are cointegrated in long run. The causality test indicates that there exists a unilateral relationship between FDI and GDP, and FDI causes GDP growth and not vice versa. Understanding these causality links can help in future forecasting of Uganda's economic growth.
The Ripple Effect of Civic Education Empowerment: Unravelling the Pillars of Good Citizenship
Authors: Castillo Buddy Melchor , Domogen Franz Willard L. , Alforque Jomar , Ayson Gemma D. , Leaño Ace Kevin E. , Mauricio Krisha Leigh D. , Abrajano Noe D. , Abbugao Penelope M. , Antolin Lei Anne Joyce P. , Bascon Bien Alvie D.
Published: August 2021

Discourse on pivotal current issues through and in education is the best approach to promote civic engagement and meaningful political participation among the youth. In this paper, the benefits of civic education empowerment from among Grade 12 students of Sablan National High School was explored. The essence of civic education empowerment has three main goals: political knowledge and understanding, democratic attitudes, and a readiness for democratic political action. Schools play an important role in catalyzing increased civic engagement; they can do this by enabling the youth to develop and practice the knowledge, beliefs, and behaviours needed to participate in civic life. The ripple effect of civic education empowerment is manifested in the relevant learning experiences obtained by the participants in terms of their civic knowledge and civic skills. As to how these civic knowledge and civic skills enhance their civic dispositions and participation, it is evident that participant-respondents assimilated the necessary civic knowledge for an informed choice which reflects their civic dispositions in the formulation of their standards for suffrage. Civic knowledge, civic skills, and civic dispositions and participation constitute the core elements of an informed and active citizenship.
Examination of Patience Tendency Levels of University Students: An Intercultural Comparison
Authors: Gul Yavuz Ercan
Published: August 2021

In this research, it was aimed to interculturally research the value of patience with the data obtained from the students who participated in the study from two different countries. The research was designed as a mixture of quantitative and qualitative methods. Accordingly, the Traditional Screening Technique based on quantitative data and the Phenomenological Technique based on qualitative data were used together in the research. In this study, the patience levels of university students were generally calculated high. The patience levels of Turkish students were discovered to be lower than those of Kyrgyz students. According to the results of the interviews, there are differences in Turkish and Kyrgyz students' understanding of patience. It is seen that Turkish students attribute the value of patience to religion, believing that patience is transferred to Turks from religion, while Kyrgyz students associate patience with their cultural traditions. It is thought that this study will contribute to values and character education, especially to the literature on patience. The relationship and differences between the patience levels of university students and different variables and their effects on each other can be researched. Programs can be developed to increase the patience levels of university students.
Stratisfimal Layout: A modular optimization model for laying out layered node-link network visualizations
Authors: Di Bartolomeo Sara , Riedewald Mirek , Gatterbauer Wolfgang , Dunne Cody
Published: August 2021

Node-link visualizations are a familiar and powerful tool for displaying the relationships in a network. The readability of these visualizations highly depends on the spatial layout used for the nodes. In this paper, we focus on computing layered layouts, in which nodes are aligned on a set of parallel axes to better expose hierarchical or sequential relationships. Heuristic-based layouts are widely used as they scale well to larger networks and usually create readable, albeit sub-optimal, visualizations. We instead use a layout optimization model that prioritizes optimality— as compared to scalability— because an optimal solution not only represents the best attainable result, but can also serve as a baseline to evaluate the effectiveness of layout heuristics. We take an important step towards powerful and flexible network visualization by proposing STRATISFIMAL LAYOUT, a modular integer-linear-programming formulation that can consider several important readability criteria simultaneously— crossing reduction, edge bendiness, and nested and multi-layer groups. The layout can be adapted to diverse use cases through its modularity. Individual features can be enabled and customized depending on the application. We provide open-source and documented implementations of the layout, both for web-based and desktop visualizations. As a proof-of-concept, we apply it to the problem of visualizing complicated SQL queries, which have features that we believe cannot be addressed by existing layout optimization models. We also include a benchmark network generator and the results of an empirical evaluation to assess the performance trade-offs of our design choices. A full version of this paper with all appendices, data, and source code is available at osf.io/3vqms with live examples at https://visdunneright.github.io/stratisfimal/.
Spatial Responses to Climate Change in a Long-Distance Migratory Songbird: the Scarlet Tanager (Piranga olivacea)
Authors: Donzeiser Lily , MacPherson Maggie
Published: August 2021

Climate change is threatening the populations of many species with extinction. Migratory species whose breeding ranges are located in areas of fast-paced change are at heightened risk because their ability to replace themselves in the population is the most threatened portion of the annual cycle. We propose an assessment of the spatial response to climate change of such a species, the Scarlet Tanager (Piranga olivacea). P. olivacea migrate to the northern regions of North America, where rapid climate change may threaten the species’ suitability to their historical breeding areas. To test whether P. olivacea are responding spatially to climate change, we will use a two-pronged approach looking at 1) occurrence and 2) morphological change from across their breeding range over time. First, we will assess spatial responses to climate change by comparing historical breeding occurrence and climate data (March-August, ca. 70-50 years ago; 1950-1970), to current occurrence data (years 2000-2020), to build a forecast of potential future breeding distribution for this species using Maxent software. Breeding season occurrence data for historical and current time periods will be sourced from museum records, and will be matched with environmental data (i.e., temperature, precipitation, land cover). Recent research has supported that migratory birds are growing longer wings in response to climate change, presumably under selection pressure to support improved flight efficiency for migrating longer distances to access appropriate environmental conditions for breeding. We will assess morphological changes over time in breeding P. olivacea in response to predictions under climate change hypotheses by measuring museum specimens from the American Museum of Natural History and the Louisiana State University Museum of Natural Science. We intend to infer whether P. olivacea possesses adequate adaptive potential to keep pace with relevant climate change metrics, and more broadly whether climate change is driving selection on morphology to reach a more northern breeding distribution for this species. If the historical distribution is explained by climate variables but P. olivacea has not shifted its breeding range or exhibited morphological shifts, this may be evidence of low adaptive capacity. Climate, morphological and occurrence data will be analyzed to determine the suitability of P. olivacea in its current breeding range, as well as alternative responses including shifts in the species’ reproductive windows. Our data will include bill length, mass, and hand-wing index variables for morphological analyses, while precipitation, temperature, and land cover will be included in the environmental datasets.
The Quality of Integrating, Rationale & Approach Participation (IRA) Teaching Model Based on Environmental Education: A Research & Development
Authors: Abdullah Mirawati , Thalib Syamsul Bachri , Dirawan Gufron Darma
Published: August 2021

Learning products that have been designedand developed by the teacher/researcher must be tested firstto determine their quality level before being disseminatedto the broader community. This research is a developmentproduct testing phase by going through the validity,practicality and effectiveness test phase, which is the finalpart of a research and development (R&D) design. Thereare three groups of participants involved in this study: twovalidators, five elementary school teachers, and 25 studentsfrom Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 1 Majene, West Sulawesi,Indonesia. Several instruments were used in collecting datain this study, namely: (a) validation sheets, (b) teacherresponse questionnaires, (c) student responsequestionnaires, (d) learning implementation observationsheets, and (e) learning outcomes tests. The data that havebeen collected are then analyzed using a quantitativeapproach with the help of the SPSS version 20.00application. The results showed that the Integrating,Rationale and Approach Participation (IRA) learningmodel was proven to be valid, practical, and effectivethrough a series of tests carried out. Thus, thisenvironment-based IRA learning model can be used by abroader range of users
A strontium isoscape of Italy for provenance studies
Authors: Lugli Federico , Cipriani Anna , Bruno Luigi , Ronchetti Francesco , Cavazzuti Claudio , Benazzi Stefano
Published: August 2021

We present a novel database of environmental and geological 87Sr/86Sr values (n = 1920) from Italy, using literature data and newly analysed samples, for provenance purposes. We collected both bioavailable and non-bioavailable (i.e. rocks and bulk soils) data to attain a broader view of the Sr isotope variability of the Italian peninsula. These data were used to build isotope variability maps, namely isoscapes, through Kriging interpolations. We employed two different Kriging models, namely Ordinary Kriging and Universal Kriging, with a geolithological map of Italy categorized in isotope classes as external predictor. Model performances were evaluated through a 10-fold cross validation, yielding accurate 87Sr/86Sr predictions with root mean squared errors (RMSE) ranging between 0.0020 and 0.0024, dependent on the Kriging model and the sample class. Overall, the produced maps highlight a heterogeneous distribution of the 87Sr/86Sr across Italy, with the highest radiogenic values (>0.71) mainly localized in three areas, namely the Alps (Northern Italy), the Tuscany/Latium (Central Italy) and Calabria/Sicily (Southern Italy) magmatic/metamorphic terrains. The rest of the peninsula is characterized by values ranging between 0.707 and 0.710, mostly linked to sedimentary geological units of mixed nature. Finally, we took advantage of the case study of Fratta Polesine, to underscore the importance of choosing appropriate samples when building the local isoscape and of exploring different end-members when interpreting the local Sr isotope variability in mobility and provenance studies. Our user-friendly maps and database are freely accessible through the Geonode platform and will be updated over time to offer a state-of-the-art reference in mobility and provenance studies across the Italian landscape.
Near-term forecasts of stream temperature using process-guided deep learning and data assimilation
Authors: Zwart Jacob , Oliver Samantha , Watkins William , Sadler Jeffrey , Appling Alison , Corson-Dosch Hayley , Jia Xiaowei , Kumar Vipin , Read Jordan
Published: August 2021

Near-term forecasts of environmental outcomes can inform real-time decision making. Data assimilation modeling techniques can be used for forecasts to leverage real-time data streams, where the difference between model predictions and observations can be used to adjust the model to make better predictions tomorrow. In this use case, we developed a process-guided deep learning and data assimilation approach to make 7-day forecasts of daily maximum water temperature in the Delaware River Basin. Our modeling system produced forecasts of daily maximum stream temperature with an average root mean squared error (RMSE) from 1.2 to 1.6°C for 1-day lead time across all sites. The data assimilation algorithm successfully adjusted the process-guided deep learning model states and marginally improved forecast performance when compared to forecasts produced using the process-guided deep learning model alone (7-13% lower RMSE with the data assimilation algorithm). Our model characterized forecast uncertainty relatively well as 57-80% of observations were within 90% forecast confidence intervals across all sites and lead times, and the uncertainty associated with our forecasts allow managers to anticipate probability of exceedances of ecologically relevant thresholds and aid in decisions about releasing reservoir water downstream. The flexibility of deep learning models to be applied to various prediction problems shows promise for using these types of models to forecast many other important environmental variables and aid in decision making.
Defining Bilingualism in Infancy and Toddlerhood: A Scoping Review
Authors: Rocha-Hidalgo Joscelin , Barr Rachel
Published: August 2021

Aims and ObjectivesThe aim of this manuscript is to provide an overview of the population and languages studied and the methods and practices surrounding the definition of bilingualism in children below age three.MethodologyA quantitative descriptive scoping reviewData and AnalysisFrom 530 articles, we identified 127 papers (167 studies) that met our predefined criteria, of which 144 studies defined their bilingual population.Findings/ConclusionsThe samples investigated were predominantly western in geographical origin and languages. Percent exposure was the most common method to measure bilingualism among infants and young children, with 20% and 25% the most used cutoffs as the minimum requirement for children's second language. We also analyzed the predictive value of these cutoffs on the likelihood that studies reported a significant difference between monolinguals and bilinguals. The stricter the inclusion requirement for bilinguals was, the higher the odds of a study to report a difference between monolingual and bilingual children. We conclude that a lack of uniformity of definition in the field may be one factor that predicts whether or not significant differences are reported.OriginalityThis scoping review provides developmental researchers with a unique overview of the different practices used in the field to characterize bilingual and monolingual infants/toddlers. The reported results can be used as preliminary evidence for the field to report and carefully formulate how to categorize monolinguals and bilingual infants.Significance/ImplicationsAs globalization continues to foster migration and intercultural exchange, it is essential for developmental researchers to diversify their samples and language groups. We highly encourage researchers to carefully document the definitions and rationale for all their language groups and to consider analyzing the impact of bilingualism both from a categorical and continuous approach.
Artificial Intelligence in the Banking Sector: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors:   INION RAN, Semeko Galina
Published: August 2021

The article deals with the problems of using artificial intelligence technologies in the banking sector in the world in general and in Russia in particular. Characterizes the potential of artificial intelligence technologies and their role in increasing the competitiveness of banks in the face of in Creasing competition from new high-tech financial providers. Presentes an analysis of the factors hampering the introduction of artificial intelligence technologies in banks.
Language resources and technology in Russia: state and prospects. (Review)
Authors:   INION RAN, Antopolsky Alexander
Published: August 2021

The author determines the concept of linguistic information resources, gives an overview of their classifications. Describes the most significant Russian catalogs of linguistic information resources and the country's leading organizations in the field of computational linguistics. Discusses the priority tasks of creating a Russian infrastructure for linguistic information resources.
Study of Structural Behavior of Cadmium Based Alloys at Molten State
Authors: Shrestha G. , Koirala I.
Published: August 2021

The simple statistical model or simple theory of mixing has been used to study the structural behavior of cadmium based alloys at their molten state at a temperature of 800 K by computing thermodynamic functions and structural functions. The thermodynamic functions include free energy of mixing (GM), activity (a), the heat of mixing (HM), and the entropy of mixing (SM). The structural functions include concentration fluctuation in the long-wavelength limit (SGG(0)) and Warren-Cowley short-range order parameter (α1). Interchange energy or interaction energy or ordering energy (ω) was calculated for the respective alloys system and found to be positive and temperature-dependent. Based on interchange energy (ω) and coordination number (Z), theoretical values of all the functions are calculated by applying the grand partition function. All the computed values for the mentioned functions are in good agreement with experimental values. For the cadmium based alloys, viz., Cd-Zn & Cd-In, both show the segregating in nature at temperature 800 K for the concentration of range 0.1 to 0.9, however, Cd-Zn is more segregating than Cd-In.
Solvation Free Energy of Protonated Lysine: Molecular Dynamics Study
Authors: Khanal S. P. , Poudel B. , Koirala R. P. , Adhikari N. P.
Published: August 2021

In the present work, we have used an alchemical approach for calculating solvation free energy of protonated lysine in water from molecular dynamics simulations. These approaches use a non-physical pathway between two end states in order to compute free energy difference from the set of simulations. The solute is modeled using bonded and non-bonded interactions described by OPLS-AA potential, while four different water models: TIP3P, SPC, SPC/E and TIP4P are used. The free energy of solvation of protonated lysine in water has been estimated using thermodynamic integration, free energy perturbation, and Bennett acceptance ratio methods at 310 K temperature. The contributions to the free energy due to van der Waals and electrostatics parameters are also separately computed. The estimated values of free energy of solvation using different methods are in well agreement with previously reported experimental value within 14 %.
Spatial Orientations of Angular Momentum Vectors of Galaxies in Supercluster S [195+027+0022] and Substructure
Authors: Malla J. R. , Saurer W. , Aryal B.
Published: August 2021

This paper presents an analysis of the spin vector orientations of SDSS (Sloan Digital Sky Survey) galaxies in the Supercluster S [195+027+0022] using the seventh data release (2008 October). By using the spectroscopic database of galaxies, identified number density map in the region of Superclusters. Several density enhancements are observed, suggesting the possibility of substructure in the Supercluster. Two-dimensional observed parameters that we received from the database are used to compute three-dimensional galaxy rotation axes by applying `position angle-inclination' method. Apply the selection effects by performing the random simulation method. The expected distribution curves are obtained from the simulation. Chi-square, auto-correlation, and Fourier tests are used to examine non-random effects in the polar and azimuthal angle distributions of the galaxy rotation axes. To check these results with the different galaxy evolution models namely Hierarchy, Primordial, and Pancake model. The result supports the Hierarchy model.
Temporal Ion Velocity Variation with Obliqueness in Magnetized Plasma Sheath
Authors: Adhikari B. R. , Khanal R.
Published: August 2021

A narrow region having sharp gradients in physical parameters is formed whenever plasma comes into contact with a material wall. In this work, the temporal velocity variation of ions in such a sheath has been studied in the presence of an external oblique magnetic field. The Lorentz force equation has been solved for the given boundary conditions using Runge-Kutta method. In order to satisfy the Bohm criterion, ions enter the sheath region with ion acoustic velocity. It is observed that all components of the velocity waves are damped in plasma in the time scale of one second. The computed oscillatory part of ion velocity match with the equation of the damped harmonic oscillator. Thus obtained damping constants as well as the frequency of all three components are nearly equal for obliqueness less than 600 after which they are distinctly different. This is due to the fact that the magnetic field becomes almost parallel to the wall. In earlier studies, only the final velocity profiles are reported and hence this study is useful in understanding how the ion velocities evolve in time as they move from sheath entrance towards the wall.
Best Practice versus Reality
Authors: Botcherby Pierre
Published: August 2021

COVID-19 was repeatedly labelled ‘unprecedented’. In unprecedented times, we rethink conventional wisdoms. This short article explores oral history, an important element of the Then & Now student-led research project explored in this Special Issue, with such rethinking in mind. Then & Now’s alumni interviews had to be conducted remotely but remote oral history interviews are not universally popular. The Oral History Society (OHS) is hesitant and suggested postponing interviews, reflecting best practice concerns about rapport-building, audio quality and archiving, data protection and security, and community building. For groups like the Disability Visibility Project (DVP) and oral historians like Sarah Dziedzic, remote interviewing is the only viable method and ideals of best practice are too rigid. For oral history to uncover the experiences of those disregarded by conventional histories, access to it and its employment as a research tool should be as universal as possible.
 This article examines and questions best practice guidelines in light of the pandemic and the experiences of the DVP and historians such as Dziedzic. It draws on personal experience of interviewing and from the Then & Now project. This article argues that oral history, an inherently fieldwork-based activity, needs to take remote interviewing as seriously as face-to-face interviewing to become more widely accessible and sufficiently flexible to adapt to conditions in the field.
A note on producing supercooled water in a teaching laboratory
Authors: Zarco-Delgado Isamar , Núñez-Yépez H. N. , Salas-Brito A. L.
Published: August 2021

As we lower the temperature of water at a certain point it changes from liquid to solid. Yet under certain conditions it is possible to keep the water in a non-equilibrium, liquid-like phase, called \emph{supercooled water}, thus avoiding solidification. Water in such state may freeze under the slightless perturbation, as stirring it a little. The existence of supercooled water is usually known to the students since the introductory courses, but it seems to be difficult to attest in an elementary undergraduate laboratory. A simple method for supercooling water is, however, readily available. It is this short paper aim to describe such a method in a form that may be readily performed in a teaching laboratory.
Analisa Produksi Panas Radiogenik, Densitas dan Kecepatan Seismik dari Singkapan Batu Granit Panas Bumi Nyelanding, Bangka Selatan
Authors: Siregar Rahmat Nawi , Purba Maria Evalina , Siregar Ahmat Munawir
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the analysis of radiogenic heat production, density and seismic velocity of the outcrops of the South Bangka Nyelanding geothermal rock. The X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) method is applied to obtain heat-carrying radioactive elements in the form of Uranium, Thorium and Potassium and other oxides which are useful for studying seismic density and velocity. The main oxides used in this study were SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, MgO, CaO, K2O and P2O5. The results showed that the density increased from the composition of the mineral felsic (acid) - mafic (base). Conclusion, as for the relationship with heat production, the SiO2 and P2O5 elements experienced a significant decrease compared to other oxides. As for seismic velocity, the results show that seismic velocity has a strong correlation with density.

Keywords: Radiogenic Heat Production, Seismic Velocity, Density, Oxides