bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dark Trading and Post-Earnings-Announcement Drift
Authors: Thomas Jacob , Zhang Frank , Zhu Wei
Published: April 2021

Both theory and evidence are mixed regarding the impact on prices of trading on “dark” venues partially exempt from National Market System requirements. Theory predicts that price discovery improves as dark venues siphon noisy uninformed trades, but increased adverse selection reduces liquidity. Empirical studies, which focus on intraday inefficiency, also find contradictory results. We extend that literature to investigate the impact of dark trading on a long-standing inefficiency based on under-reaction to quarterly earnings. We study a randomized controlled trial created by the “trade-at” rule of the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Tick Size Pilot Program that exogenously shocks dark trading. We supplement that with ordinary least squares and two-stage least squares regressions on a more representative Compustat/Center for Research in Security Prices sample. All our results suggest that under-reaction increases with dark trading, consistent with reduced liquidity limiting arbitrage. We contribute to the literature on dark trading and inefficient processing of accounting disclosures, highlighting the role of advances in trading technology.

This paper was accepted by Brian Bushee, accounting.
Transmission Capacity Allocation in Zonal Electricity Markets
Authors: Aravena Ignacio , Lété Quentin , Papavasiliou Anthony , Smeers Yves
Published: April 2021

An OR look into zonal integration of electricity markets
Pheromones and 25 years of pheromonotherapy: what are they and how do they work?
Authors: Hargrave Claire
Published: April 2021

The capacity of animals to communicate via pheromones is long established and, for generations, pheromones have been unwittingly used by man to manage the behaviour of animals in agriculture — using the chemicals produced by an individual member of a species to alter the behaviour of another member of that species. More recently, insect pheromones have been used in managing insect infestations of crops. However, approximately 25 years ago the French veterinary surgeon, Patrick Pageat, began to investigate the production of pheromones in both farm and companion animals and how synthetic analogues of pheromones could be used to improve animal welfare, creating a new field in veterinary medicine — pheromonotherapy. This article aims to summarise the main developments in pheromonotherapy over the last 25 years.
Can portable analyzers be reliable for biogas characterization?
Authors: Silva Oliveira Nathalia , Rosa André Pereira , Sousa Izabelle de Paula , Oliveira Lopes Juciara , Carraro Borges Alisson , Perez Ronaldo
Published: April 2021

Anaerobic digestion for treatment of swine wastewater is an attractive alternative, among other aspects, for the generation of biogas. This gas is composed predominantly of methane and can be converted into electrical and thermal energy. However, the knowledge of the biogas composition is of paramount importance, especially regarding the methane content due to its energetic properties. The alternatives for this determination usually require high cost and specialized technicians. Therefore, the search for simple and low cost alternative solutions and techniques can improve the biogas use as an energy source and favor energy sustainability in pig farming. The present study aimed to compare the results of the methane composition of a portable analyzer with that of a Gasboard gas analyzer. The biogas was collected and characterized in a full cycle swine farm from January to December 2019 in the municipality of Teixeiras (MG), Brazil. The methane composition values did not differ statistically for a 5% significance level between the evaluated methods. The use of the portable kit is a simple and low cost alternative in determining the methane content in biogas and can be used reliably.
Self-formation of Ag-Mo alloy films with conical particle arrays and strong light-trapping properties
Authors: Sun Haoliang , Lian Xinxin , Lv Yuanjiang , Wang Guangxin
Published: April 2021

Black Ag-Mo alloy films were formed spontaneously on silver (Ag) sheets/targets by composite target sputtering. The morphology, composition, phase, crystal structure and reflectivity of black Ag-Mo alloy films were characterized by SEM, EDS, XRD, TEM and UV spectrophotometer. Results show that Ag-Mo alloy films with conical particle arrays are spontaneously formed on sputtered Ag sheets, and the Ag-Mo alloy films exhibit strong light trapping effect in the visible wavelength range, resulting in a black appearance of the Ag sheets. The strong light-trapping properties can be ascribed to the conical particle arrays closely arranged on the Ag-Mo alloy films, which caused the reflectivity of the Ag sheets to reduce substantially from 90% down to 10%. The Ag-Mo alloy films prepared by magnetron sputtering methods provide a new idea for fabrication of high light trapping materials.
Large-area uniform Ag nanostructure films prepared by a heat reduction method for SERS application
Authors: Zhang Qingqing , Wang Xueqin , Jiang Jinguo , Yao Hen , Nie Qian , Bai Zhongchen
Published: April 2021

We prepared an active large-area uniform Ag nanostructure film by using the thermally reducing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/silver nitrate (AgNO3) composite film for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) application. The PVA/AgNO3 composite films were spin-coated on the surface of indium tin oxide (ITO) glass, and then were heated to about 500 °C for 10 minutes, forming Ag nanostructure films with a thickness of 100 nm and a large area of 3.24 cm2. The results showed that single layer Ag nano-film had a network structure with a skeleton distribution. Moreover, the large ratio of Ag nanostructure to film area was about 63%. Using melamine molecules as a probe, the maximum enhancement factor of the SERS signal could reach 1149, and the SERS sensitivity and the minimum detection limit were respectively up to 76.91 and 3.85 ng/ml. This method of preparing SERS film can provide a new pathway for the application of low-cost and large-area SERS substrates.
Carbon nanotube-based flexible metamaterials for THz sensing
Authors: Zhang Xiang , Wang Yue , Cui Zijian , Zhang Xiaoju , Chen Suguo , Zhang Kuang , Wang Xuan
Published: April 2021

The inherent limitations of metal-based metamaterials are the key factors limiting the rapid development of the field of flexible terahertz metamaterials. The advantages of carbon nanotube-based materials and devices in terms of weight, cost, and flexibility of free bending, make them of great use for flexible terahertz metamaterials and devices. Here, a flexible terahertz metamaterial sensor, based on a subwavelength periodic array structure of carbon nanotube thin films, is reported. The proposed flexible metamaterial can achieve the surface plasmon resonance to generate local field enhancement phenomenon, resulting in enhanced resonance transmission peaks. We observed that the resonant frequency and amplitude modulation can be continuously adjusted when the device is subjected to a small external strain. In addition, we found that the terahertz transmission spectrum changes significantly when analytes or dielectric layers, with different refractive indices, thicknesses, or carrying pore defects, are added on the surface of the carbon nanotubes film or below the polyimide substrate of the flexible metamaterials sensor in the bent state. Our results show that these materials and designed device strategies will aid in developing new terahertz functional devices, such as strain sensors, biochemical sensors, curved surface defect detectors, and wearable terahertz imagers.
Anomalously warm weather and acute care visits in patients with multiple sclerosis: A retrospective study of privately insured individuals in the US
Authors: Elser Holly , Parks Robbie M. , Moghavem Nuriel , Kiang Mathew V. , Bozinov Nina , Henderson Victor W. , Rehkopf David H. , Casey Joan A.
Published: April 2021

Background

As the global climate changes in response to anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, weather and temperature are expected to become increasingly variable. Although heat sensitivity is a recognized clinical feature of multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system, few studies have examined the implications of climate change for patients with this disease.

Methods and findings

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of individuals with MS ages 18–64 years in a nationwide United States patient-level commercial and Medicare Advantage claims database from 2003 to 2017. We defined anomalously warm weather as any month in which local average temperatures exceeded the long-term average by ≥1.5°C. We estimated the association between anomalously warm weather and MS-related inpatient, outpatient, and emergency department visits using generalized log-linear models. From 75,395,334 individuals, we identified 106,225 with MS. The majority were women (76.6%) aged 36–55 years (59.0%). Anomalously warm weather was associated with increased risk for emergency department visits (risk ratio [RR] = 1.043, 95% CI: 1.025–1.063) and inpatient visits (RR = 1.032, 95% CI: 1.010–1.054). There was limited evidence of an association between anomalously warm weather and MS-related outpatient visits (RR = 1.010, 95% CI: 1.005–1.015). Estimates were similar for men and women, strongest among older individuals, and exhibited substantial variation by season, region, and climate zone. Limitations of the present study include the absence of key individual-level measures of socioeconomic position (i.e., race/ethnicity, occupational status, and housing quality) that may determine where individuals live—and therefore the extent of their exposure to anomalously warm weather—as well as their propensity to seek treatment for neurologic symptoms.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that as global temperatures rise, individuals with MS may represent a particularly susceptible subpopulation, a finding with implications for both healthcare providers and systems.
Lumbo-pelvic proprioception in sitting is impaired in subgroups of low back pain–But the clinical utility of the differences is unclear. A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Korakakis Vasileios , O’Sullivan Kieran , Kotsifaki Argyro , Sotiralis Yiannis , Giakas Giannis
Published: April 2021

Background

Altered spinal postures and altered motor control observed among people with non-specific low back pain have been associated with abnormal processing of sensory inputs. Evidence indicates that patients with non-specific low back pain have impaired lumbo-pelvic proprioceptive acuity compared to asymptomatic individuals.

Objective

To systematically review seated lumbo-pelvic proprioception among people with non-specific low back pain.

Methods

Five electronic databases were searched to identify studies comparing lumbo-pelvic proprioception using active repositioning accuracy in sitting posture in individuals with and without non-specific low back pain. Study quality was assessed by using a modified Downs and Black’s checklist. Risk of bias was assessed using an adapted tool for cross-sectional design and case–control studies. We performed meta-analysis using a random effects model. Meta-analyses included subgroup analyses according to disability level, directional subgrouping pattern, and availability of vision during testing. We rated the quality of evidence using the GRADE approach.

Results

16 studies met the eligibility criteria. Pooled meta-analyses were possible for absolute error, variable error, and constant error, measured in sagittal and transverse planes. There is very low and low certainty evidence of greater absolute and variable repositioning error in seated tasks among non-specific low back pain patients overall compared to asymptomatic individuals (sagittal plane). Subgroup analyses indicate moderate certainty evidence of greater absolute and variable error in seated tasks among directional subgroups of adults with non-specific low back pain, along with weaker evidence (low-very low certainty) of greater constant error.

Discussion

Lumbo-pelvic proprioception is impaired among people with non-specific low back pain. However, the low certainty of evidence, the small magnitude of error observed and the calculated “noise” of proprioception measures, suggest that any observed differences in lumbo-pelvic proprioception may be of limited clinical utility.

PROSPERO-ID

CRD42018107671
Impact of COVID-19 social-distancing on sleep timing and duration during a university semester
Authors: Smit Andrea N. , Juda Myriam , Livingstone Ashley , U. Stephanie R. , Mistlberger Ralph E.
Published: April 2021

Social-distancing directives to contain community transmission of the COVID-19 virus can be expected to affect sleep timing, duration or quality. Remote work or school may increase time available for sleep, with benefits for immune function and mental health, particularly in those individuals who obtain less sleep than age-adjusted recommendations. Young adults are thought to regularly carry significant sleep debt related in part to misalignment between endogenous circadian clock time and social time. We examined the impact of social-distancing measures on sleep in young adults by comparing sleep self-studies submitted by students enrolled in a university course during the 2020 summer session (entirely remote instruction, N = 80) with self-studies submitted by students enrolled in the same course during previous summer semesters (on-campus instruction, N = 452; cross-sectional study design). Self-studies included 2–8 week sleep diaries, two chronotype questionnaires, written reports, and sleep tracker (Fitbit) data from a subsample. Students in the 2020 remote instruction semester slept later, less efficiently, less at night and more in the day, but did not sleep more overall despite online, asynchronous classes and ~44% fewer work days compared to students in previous summers. Subjectively, the net impact on sleep was judged as positive or negative in equal numbers of students, with students identifying as evening types significantly more likely to report a positive impact, and morning types a negative impact. Several features of the data suggest that the average amount of sleep reported by students in this summer course, historically and during the 2020 remote school semester, represents a homeostatic balance, rather than a chronic deficit. Regardless of the interpretation, the results provide additional evidence that social-distancing measures affect sleep in heterogeneous ways.
Insta-hate: An exploration of Islamophobia and right-wing nationalism on Instagram amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in India
Authors: Rajan Benson , Venkatraman Shreya
Published: April 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought to light a crisis of racism and violence on social media by right-wing nationalists in India. Twitter and Instagram have become the online spaces to spew misinformation about the pandemic. Instagram pages such as Hindu_Secret and Hindu_he_hum have been unrelenting and vicious in spreading Islamophobic campaigns using the COVID-19 pandemic. This has opened up opportunities for targeting the Muslim community in India.

This study positioned itself within the theoretical framework of Stuart Hall’s encoding and decoding theory to uncover the visual and textual codes used to create stigma and blatant stereotypes that dehumanize and demonize certain communities using social media. This is an explorative inquiry that engaged in a semiotic analysis of the Instagram pages of Hindu_Secret and Hindu_he_hum. The study found encoded stereotypes of threat in the use of colour, religious structures, clothes and other physical markers of cultural identity in generating content for Islamophobia. Coronavirus was portrayed to have Islamic parentage in the memes; thus, it portrayed the Muslim community of nurturing and intentionally spreading the virus across India.
Communication ethics for online social movements: A study on Arab social networks on Twitter
Authors: Malkawi Asma H. , Ambusaidi Khamis
Published: April 2021

Social media increasingly play a role in transforming activist movements in the Arab world into digital forms. This study examines the link between adherence of network members to digital communication ethics and the level of the movements’ success based on the conceptual grounding in communication theories of Jürgen Habermas and Taha Abdurrahman. We tried to evaluate the link between the success of online social movement actors and their ethical contents by asking: What are the ethical implications of online social movements that do succeed in actualizing their goals? Do social network users discuss communication ethics to agree on terms of use within these movements? What are the important issues of communicative action and challenges of rational discussion in Arab social media use? We used two case studies: the hashtag#with_the_teacherlaunched to support teachers’ rights in Jordan in 2019, and a Twitter network of Arab users discussing digital communication ethics. We used mixed-methods and case studies approaches; data collected from Twitter were analysed using social network analysis followed by qualitative content analysis. Key findings demonstrate positive effects of activists’ engagement in social networks, and that commitment to digital communication ethics, whether stemming from secular or religious frames of reference, is significant for the success of online social movements. The case of#with_the_teachernetwork proved itself to be an example of successful digital protest and ideal model for rational ethical communication. Content analysis revealed that teachers formed a social network that exhibited strong solidarity and cohesion, and relied – perhaps unconsciously – on rules and principles of ethical discussion, including truthfulness, credibility, transparency, respect, accuracy and responsibility. Content analysis of the ‘communication ethics’ network demonstrated that the majority of content was religiously oriented, produced mainly by religious figures, educational institutions, or accounts with pseudonyms that are influential by the sheer number of their followers.
The Muhammad cartoon controversy in New Zealand newspapers
Authors: Kabir Shah Nister
Published: April 2021

This study examines the construction of the controversy surrounding the cartoons of the Prophet Muhammad, as it appeared in three New Zealand newspapers and discursively identifies how three New Zealand newspapers framed Islam and Muslims from an Orientalist perception. This study argues that these newspapers framed the issue of Muhammad cartoon controversial image in a way that reinforces the notion of a clash of culture between Islam and ‘the West’ and identified that Islam is a threat to the civilization. The metaphors employed, the visual texts incorporated, the terminologies they imposed appear to dehumanize Islam and Muslims, which also violates the philosophical stand of the freedom of expression. The news frame that these newspapers adopted in covering the controversial cartoon issue also supports an elite political agenda without respecting the religious norms of a minority group. However, the dehumanization of Islam and Orientalist perception of clash of cultures were mostly absent in their editorials. Therefore, the news frame conflicts with editorials’ construction of the issue in most cases. Furthermore, while one newspaper’s editorials dehumanized Islam and Muslims by espousing Orientalist perception of clash of cultures, the other two played a constructive role towards Islam and Muslims.
Mesa dos Sentidos e Sentidos da Mesa: Vol. II
Authors: Soares Carmen , Silveira Anny Jackeline Torres , Laurioux Bruno
Published: April 2021

Na sua mais ampla aceção, a mesa remete para universos onde interagem produtos, pessoas e ideias. Espaço de sobrevivência, mas também de deleite, de formação, de culto e de sociabilidade, cada mesa retrata mentalidades, serve de metáfora de valores, abre lugar à transformação de quem nela interage e participa. A mesa constitui-se, assim, como espaço de sentidos quer fisiológicos quer intelectivos. Da experiência sinestésica proporcionada pelos bens alimentares e ambientes que os envolvem nasce a Mesa dos Sentidos. Indissociável da mesa são os numerosos significados de natureza cultural, política, religiosa, estética, ética, social e económica que lhe reconhecemos. Esses Sentidos da Mesa são captados e comunicam-se sob variadas formas de discurso (escrito, oral, pictórico ou material).

A presente obra está organizada em dois volumes, contendo seis partes e um total de 37 capítulos. Os 21 capítulos que compõem o volume II estruturam-se em torno de três temáticas centrais. O papel dos códigos de valores de âmbito religioso ou laico (militar) nas dinâmicas alimentares são tratados na Parte I (Mesas sagradas e mesas profanas). A mesa como espaço e instrumento de poder(es) social, político, económico e cultural é a temática abordada na Parte II (Mesas de poder e poderes da mesa). A reflexão sobre a mesa como expressão da identidade cultural coletiva e veículo de afirmação de saberes/sabores alimentares recebidos ou legados discute-se na Parte III (Identidade e património alimentar).
AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES AND EUROPEAN DATA PROTECTION LAW
Authors: Fialová Eva
Published: April 2021

Autonomous vehicles process a huge amount of data about the driver, or rather passengers of the vehicle, as well as about other persons (pedestrians and passengers of other vehicles). This is why the autonomous vehicles raise questions about the protection of personal data. In 2018 a new European data protection legislation came into force. The General Data Protection Regulation places new obligations on controllers of personal data and provides new rights to data subjects, which will relate to operations of autonomous vehicles and their infrastructure. The providers thereof will have to implement the principles of data protection legislation into their systems. In this context the personal data is not just data concerning the identity of the driver, a passenger or other persons, but any information relating to an identified or identifiable natural person who can be identified, directly or indirectly, in particular by reference to an identifier such as a name, an identification number, location data, or even due to a peculiar behaviour in the vehicle. The paper will focus on the new legal regulation in relation to the operation of autonomous vehicles.Autonomní vozidla zpracovávají velké množství údajů o řidiči vozidla, resp. cestujících ve vozidle, jakož i o dalších osobách (spolucestujících, chodcích a pasažérech v jiných vozidlech). To je důvod, proč provoz autonomních vozidel vyvolává řadu otázek týkajících se ochrany osobních údajů. V roce 2018 nabyla účinnosti nová evropská právní úprava regulující tuto oblast. Obecné nařízení o ochraně osobních údajů přináší nové povinnosti správcům osobních údajů, jakož i nová práva subjektům údajů, která se budou týkat provozu autonomních vozidel a infrastruktury. Výrobci a poskytovatelé služeb budou muset do svých systémů implementovat legislativu o ochraně osobních údajů. Osobními údaji nejsou pouze údaje týkající se totožnosti řidiče, cestujících nebo jiných osob, ale veškeré informace vztahujících se k identifikované nebo identifikovatelné fyzické osobě, kterou lze přímo nebo nepřímo identifikovat, zejména odkazem na identifikátor, jako je např. název, identifikační číslo, lokalizační údaje, nebo třeba i kvůli osobitému chování ve vozidle. Tento článek se zaměřuje na novou právní úpravu ve vztahu k provozu autonomních vozidel.
ONLINE PSYCHODRAMA AND ACTION METHODS: THEORIES AND PRACTICES
Authors: Nery Maria da Penha
Published: April 2021

This article is a study of psychotherapy and sociotherapy practices developed in virtual environments during the Covid-19 pandemic. Online action methods were applied, among them: psychodramas, sociodramas, spontaneous theaters and dramatic games. As an objective, we sought to understand the specifics of these methods. Methodologically, analyzes of the information and of the socodynamics of these encounters were conducted, where we confirm or refute hypotheses related to the therapeutic specificities and effects of online practices. From the analysis some phenomena were found, which were defined theoretically and practically, such as hyper-supplementary reality, interconnecting scenes, virtual tele, virtual therapeutic bond, condensed corporality, speech-action, dynamic sociocultural matrix, and virtual psychodramatic role.
PSICOTERAPIA PSICODRAMÁTICA DE GRUPO ON-LINE: REINVENÇÕES DO AQUECIMENTO
Authors: Belém Aline
Published: April 2021

Este trabalho tem por objetivo discutir práticas de psicoterapia psicodramática de grupo on-line com ênfase no Aquecimento. A hipótese é que o Aquecimento elaborado especificamente para o atendimento on-line contribui para o alcance de um estado grupal mais espontâneo. O norte teórico deste trabalho consiste nas etapas de Aquecimento propostas por Davoli (1999) através da experiência com Teatro Espontâneo. Assim, discute-se cada etapa a partir do relato de algumas experiências na condução de um grupo de psicoterapia on-line. A partir dessas experiências, conclui-se, então, que o Aquecimento concebido para esse contexto específico proporciona resultados satisfatórios em termos de espontaneidade grupal.
O EU DO FUTURO: CONTRIBUIÇÕES DO PSICODRAMA INTERNO ON-LINE
Authors: Novaes Carolina Ferreira Cortes , Vidal Gabriela Pereira
Published: April 2021

A pandemia de Covid-19, entre suas muitas consequências, trouxe aumento nas demandas relacionadas à saúde mental. Assim, o objetivo deste relato foi evidenciar como o psicodrama internoon-line contribui para abordar as angústias e ansiedades que surgiram com a pandemia da Covid-19. Trata-se de um estudo de caso, de um paciente em psicoterapia psicodramática bipessoal on-line. Conclui-se que a realização simbólica deste futuro na realidade suplementar auxiliou na preparação do paciente diante das incertezas do futuro pós-pandemia.
PSICÓLOGOS E PSICODRAMATISTAS NA EDUCAÇÃO: PROJETO EM FORMATO ON-LINE DESENVOLVIDO NA PANDEMIA
Authors: Dias Alcione , Barros Luiza Maria Soares , Urt Sonia
Published: April 2021

Este artigo apresenta o projeto socionômico Ouvindo a Escola e seus desdobramentos, um conjunto de práticas sociopsicodramáticas realizadas durante o ano de 2020, gerado em modo remoto e em tempos de pandemia. Iniciamos fazendo um breve histórico da Psicologia Educacional e seguimos apontando a Pedagogia Psicodramática como perspectiva transformadora no campo socioeducativo. O projeto envolveu 11 psicodramatistas, 39 professores e 15 funcionários, trabalhadores de escolas da rede pública de ensino. Pretendemos dar visibilidade a práticas referenciadas que possam contribuir para a Psicologia Escolar Crítica no âmbito da educação pública, em tempos de isolamento social.
TRANSMITINDO CONEXÕES: A CONSTRUÇÃO DO VÍNCULO PSICOTERÁPICO NO PSICODRAMA BIPESSOAL ON-LINE
Authors: Vidal Gabriela Pereira , Castro Amanda
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to understand how the psychotherapeutic bond develops in bipersonal online psychodrama. This is an action research, through a case study of a 20-year-old woman, with an analysis of the first five sessions of about 50 minutes. It was possible to conclude that the link in online psychodrama has differences in relation to the face-to-face, but it is noted that there are many psychodramatic contributions to its development, from the theory (man and world view) as well as psychodramatic techniques.
Magneto-optical properties of two – layer film systems based on Fe and Pt
Authors: Bezdidko O.V. , Shkurdoda Yu.O. , Vashchenko S.M.
Published: April 2021

The paper shows the experimental results of the study of magneto - optical properties and phase composition of thin films and multilayers  based on Fe and Pt. Samples were obtained in a high-vacuum chamber (10–8 Pa) by layer-by-layer deposition from pots at room temperature. It has been shown that FCC solid solution of FePt is formed already in the process of deposition on the substrate (sital plates). Depending on the concentration of the atoms of the components in the unannealed samples, three phases can be formed: (i) s.s. Fe(Pt); (ii) Fe3Pt; (iii) FePt. The first sign of the beginning of ordering in the FCC phase of FePt should be considered the appearance of superreflections in the form of lines (001) and (002) during heat treatment. Depending on the total thickness of the multilayer or individual layers, the annealing temperature at which extrareflexes appear can vary in the range of 300–570 K. All the samples obtained have a low coercivity (0.25 - 0.4 mT). Magneto-optical studies have shown that an increase in the content of the non-magnetic component decreases the main magnetic characteristics. However, In [Fe(3)/Pt(3)]n/S multilayers with the number of repeatable elements from 2 to 8 an increase in the main magnetic parameters is observed compared with bilayer films at the same effective thickness.
Judges 'Consideration in the Decision of Fulfilling the Rights of Women and Children After Divorce in the Region of the DKI Jakarta High Religious Court
Authors: Rahim Abdurrahman
Published: April 2021

The background of this research is related to the most basic issues and has become the discourse among legal practitioners and academics so far, regarding how the rights of women and children that have been imposed by judges through their decisions can be implemented properly by ex-husbands voluntarily. In reality, in practice, many judges' decisions relating to women's rights are not carried out by ex-husbands. In addition, there is no mechanism that is able to ensure the payment of child and / or financial support by the defendant after divorce, ex-husbands are often absent from their obligations to pay for the rights of ex-wives and children after divorce. The results of this study indicate that: The position of guarantee for the rights of women and children after divorce is very weak, therefore the issue of living for wives who have been divorced by husbands and children still does not fully provide legal protection to wives. Judges' considerations in the decision of the Religious Court in the DKI Jakarta High Religious Court area in providing the rights of women and children in their development have attempted to provide protection in the form of charging fees as a result of divorce submitted by husbands to the Religious Court in the form of iddah, mut'ah, and livelihoods. children, common property
Bibliometric study of volatile compounds in commercial fruits of the Solanaceae family
Authors: Baena-Pedroza Andres Mauricio , Londoño-Giraldo Lina María , Corpas-Iguaran Eduardo Javid , Taborda-Ocampo Gonzalo
Published: April 2021

Abstract Bibliometric analysis is a discipline that allows us to identify knowledge trends, assesses scientific activity and the impact of research through its volume, evolution, visibility, and structure. The present study aimed to carry out a bibliometric study of scientific research that contributes to the knowledge of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) of edible and commercial fruits of Solanaceae family. The research consisted of extracting the information from papers in the Web of Science database. We analyzed and performed the production, visibility, and impact of these papers, also relationships and collaboration between authors using BibExcel and VOSviewer software. As a result, 178 documents were obtained from 2001 to 2017. Tomato is the fruit with the largest number of related articles that are focused on studying compounds responsible for taste, aroma, and biotic and abiotic relationships, as well as studies for identification of the genes responsible for these organoleptic and ecological traits. Papers analyzed are related to the research studies of 491 authors from 239 different organizations distributed in 45 countries. This bibliometric study allowed to identify trends in the knowledge in VOCs with respect to Solanaceae fruits, as well as recognizing the location of the scientific material in this field.
Resiliência urbana e serviços sociais de interesse geral: quem perde acessibilidade aos sistemas de saúde durante as crises?
Authors: Gonçalves Carlos
Published: April 2021

Resumo Os Serviços de Interesse Geral (SeIG) operacionalizam um tipo de modelo de sociedade, posicionando-se entre as leis de mercado e os mecanismos que atenuam as suas falhas. O planejamento dos Serviços Sociais de Interesse Geral (SeSIG) assume um papel relevante para a (sobre)vivência digna de todos os cidadãos, conferindo-lhes pertença e cidadania através de princípios de acessibilidade e coesão territorial. A primeira parte deste artigo posiciona-se na discussão do conceito de SeIG atendendo às especificidades dos modelos sociais a que respondem e às lógicas de acessibilidade a serviços de saúde que preconizam. Na segunda parte, apresentam-se resultados de trabalho de campo demonstrativos de tipos de constrangimentos na acessibilidade a estes serviços, atendendo ao contexto de crise pós-2008 num sistema urbano de Portugal. A terceira seção cumpre o propósito de discutir os resultados e de apontar linhas conclusivas de resposta à questão inicial. Apesar da ambição inerente aos objetivos dos SeIG, os resultados obtidos no caso estudado atestam que estes propósitos não se concretizaram. Os níveis de acessibilidade à saúde degradaram-se.
Posicionamento dos representantes dos usuários no Conselho Estadual de Saúde da Bahia diante do agravamento do subfinanciamento do SUS em 2016-2018
Authors: Morais Aissa Siqueira de , Teixeira Carmen Fontes
Published: April 2021

Resumo O objetivo desse trabalho é analisar o posicionamento dos representantes dos usuários no Conselho Estadual de Saúde da Bahia (CES-BA) diante das decisões do Governo Federal relativas ao financiamento do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) no período 2016-2018. O referencial teórico se baseia na noção de participação incorporada no arcabouço jurídico político do SUS, que institui a criação de Conselhos de Saúde e a realização de Conferências de Saúde como espaços de formulação, monitoramento e avaliação de políticas de saúde nos diversos níveis organizativos do sistema. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de revisões documentais e entrevistas aos representantes do segmento usuários no conselho. Os resultados contemplam a caracterização do perfil político-associativo das entidades representadas no CES-BA e o posicionamento dos conselheiros sobre as mudanças no financiamento do SUS no período 2016-2018. Discute-se a baixa representatividade de alguns grupos populacionais no CES-BA e a percepção acerca da Emenda Constitucional 95 e da influência dos partidos políticos na dinâmica dos conselhos. A conclusão ressalta a importância relativa da qualificação técnica diante da experiência acumulada pelos conselheiros e a necessidade de articulação destes com as bases sociais que pretendem representar, especialmente na atual conjuntura política brasileira.
Parasitic monogenoideans of Sciades herzbergii as bioindicators of environmental quality in amazonian estuarines ecosystems
Authors: Cunha Kelle de Nazaré , Domingues Marcus Vinicius , Cunha Lucas Daniel da Silva , Nunes Zélia Maria Pimentel
Published: April 2021

Abstract This study evaluated the use of gill parasitic monogenoideans from Sciades herzbergii (Siluriformes: Ariidae) as bioindicators of environmental quality in Amazonian estuarine ecosystems. Fish were caught in the tidal channels in an impacted area - IA, near the port of São Luís and a reference area - RA, in the Caeté estuary, Bragança. The influence of the capture site and seasonality on parasite abundance, environmental variables and biometric data of hosts were verified. A total of 416 S. herzbergii specimens were analyzed. The weight and total length of fish from the RA were greater than those of the IA. The relative condition factor was influenced by seasonality. A total of 4,265 monogenoidean specimens from the following species were identified: Chauhanellus boegeri, C. susamlimae, C. velum, Calceostomella herzbergii and Dactylogyridae gen. sp. The seasonal mean parasitic abundance of C. susamlimae was significantly different, with the highest values recorded during the dry season. The mean abundance of C. herzbergii was influenced by seasonality and by the capture site. During the rainy period, the parasite indices in the RA were higher than those of IA. C. herzbergii is a bioindicator sensitive to low water quality, especially in relation to water turbidity in Amazon estuaries.
Molecular Evidence of Rickettsia felis in Phereoeca sp.
Authors: Araújo Fernanda Sales de , Barcelos Rafael Mazioli , Mendes Tiago Antônio de Oliveira , Mafra Cláudio
Published: April 2021

Abstract Rickettsia felis is an obligate intracellular bacterium capable of infecting ticks, fleas, lice, and other arthropods. This bacterium is classified as a member of the Transitional Group (TRG) Rickettsia. It is known the evidence of R. felis mutualistic and obligatory relationship with some eukaryote organisms. However, there aren’t scientific accounts of R. felis and moths of the order Lepidoptera association. The current work reports the first identification of the bacteria R. felis in Phereoeca sp. For that, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay using gltA, ompA, and ompB genes was used. The nucleotide sequences showed 100% of identity with other Rickettsia felis sequences. The genus-level identification of the moth larvae was performed by morphological taxonomic keys and PCR analysis of the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene. The nucleotide sequenced showed 94.94% similarity with the species Phereoeca praecox. However, with the low number of sequences deposited in the databases, the species was classified as Phereoeca sp. The results suggest that R. felis may develop in an organism without blood-feeding behavior (Lepidoptera), as it has been demonstrated for booklice (Psocoptera). Further investigation is necessary in order to confirm pathogenic or mutualistic association with moths.
Internal phoshorus loading potential of a semiarid reservoir: an experimental study
Authors: Cavalcante Hérika , Araújo Fabiana , Becker Vanessa , Barbosa José Etham de Lucena
Published: April 2021

Abstract: Aim To determine the internal P loading potential of semiarid tropical reservoir sediment while verifying the driving factors that affect P release rates. Methods An experiment was performed with water and sediment from the reservoir Boqueirão de Parelhas in Brazil. The effects of three variables on P release were studied: air temperature (region average of 28 °C and 32 °C, simulating an increase of 4 °C), pH (region average of pH 8, more acidic pH 6 and more alkaline pH 10) and oxygen (presence and absence). In addition, P fractionation analysis was performed on the P forms in the sediment. Results It was found that the minimum P release was in an oxic treatment at pH 6 and temperature 28 °C (0.22 mg m-2 d-1 ± 0.13) and the maximum P release in an anoxic treatment at pH 10 and temperature 32 °C (2.1 mg m-2 d-1 ± 0.15). The total P in the sediment was 597 mg kg-1, and the major P form in the sediment was NaOH-rP, the P bound to aluminum, corresponding to 42% of the total P. Conclusion These results allow us to confirm that the sediment of the Boqueirão reservoir is susceptible to the release of P bound to aluminum due to the prevalence of this form in its sediments concomitant with the high temperatures and alkaline pH of the water. This scenario can be aggravated by climate change.
Water quality and spatial and seasonal dynamics in the largest water supply reservoir in Brazil and implications for diatom assemblages
Authors: Nascimento Majoi de Novaes , Bush Mark , Bicudo Denise de Campos
Published: April 2021

Abstract: Aim in this paper we investigated how spatial factors and seasonal dynamics influenced the diatom community in a tropical deep environment of low productivity waters in Brazil. Methods we used physical and chemical characteristics of the water and planktonic diatoms from 9 sampling stations during dry (austral winter) and wet (austral summer) seasons (N = 18) as the outline to identify water quality, spatial and seasonal patterns. To evaluate spatially and temporally integrated events from the recent past (approximately the last 5 years before sampling), and the species from diverse habitats of the system, we used diatoms from the surface sediment (top 2 cm, N = 9). Since we used the top 2 cm of surface sediment containing the dead diatoms that were deposited over recent past of the reservoir, seasonal sampling of the sediment was not needed. Results during the dry season heavily silicified long colonial planktonic diatom species associated mainly with higher mixing depth, pH, and transparency dominated the plankton, whereas in the wet season the reservoir became stratified, favoring planktonic solitary diatoms with high surface volume ratios. For the sediment, a general pattern emerged where planktonic species dominated in the deep sections of the reservoir, and the abundance of benthic species in shallow areas near the tributaries increased. Conclusions the diatom assemblages was mainly influenced by seasonal variations and mixing regime. Surface sediment samples provided longer-term information, and revealed habitat differentiation shaping diatom assemblages. Overall, the small centric planktonic Aulacoseira tenella (Nygaard) Simonsen stood out as the most abundant species in the entire reservoir in both, the plankton and the sediment, indicating that size and shape serve as adaptive strategies for buoyancy and nutrient uptake stand as a competitive advantage in deep low productivity environments.
Effect of Serotonin Receptor Antagonist on Phosphate Excretion
Authors: GROSS JENNIFER M. , BERNDT THERESA J. , KNOX FRANKLYN G.
Published: April 2021

To determine whether endogenous intrarenal 5-hydroxytryptamine affects phosphate excretion, the serotonin receptor antagonist methiothepin (20 μg/kg, +6 μg/kg per h) was infused into the renal interstitium of rats fed a normal phosphate diet (0.7% phosphate [Pi]) in the presence of endogenous parathyroid hormone (PTH). Renal interstitial infusion of methiothepin significantly increased fractional phosphate excretion (FEPi) from 23 ± 4 to 30 ± 4% (n = 8, P < 0.05). To determine whether serotonin modulates the phosphaturic response to PTH during conditions of dietary phosphate excess or deprivation, rats were fed either a high (1.8% Pi, HPD) or low (0.07% Pi, LPD) phosphate diet, and methiothepin (100 μg/kg, +30 μg/kg per h) or saline vehicle was infused intravenously before and during PTH infusion (33 U/kg, +1 U/kg per min). Methiothepin infusion significantly increased FEPi in thyroparathyroidectomized rats fed a HPD from 25 ± 4 to 32 ± 4% (n = 9, P < 0.05), and the subsequent administration of PTH further increased the FEPi to 64 ± 3% (P < 0.05). The increase in FEPi during PTH infusion was similar in the absence (Δ27 ± 5%, n = 7) and presence (Δ33 ± 6%) of methiothepin, P > 0.05. In thyroparathyroidectomized rats fed a LPD, methiothepin infusion did not increase phosphate excretion (0.8 ± 0.4 to 1.3 ± 0.9%, n = 7, P > 0.05). However, the increase in FEPi during PTH infusion was significantly greater in the presence of methiothepin (1.3 ± 0.9 to 20.0 ± 4.0%, Δ18.7 ± 3.5%) than in the vehicle-infused rats (0.5 ± 0.2 to 8.8 ± 1.1%, Δ8.3 ± 1.2%; n = 8, P < 0.05). In conclusion, these observations suggest that endogenous intrarenal serotonin enhances phosphate reabsorption in phosphate-replete rats, and attenuates the phosphaturic response to PTH in phosphate-deprived rats.
Luminal and Basolateral Membrane Transport of Glutathione in Isolated Perfused S1, S2, and S3 Segments of the Rabbit Proximal Tubule
Authors: PARKS LISA D. , ZALUPS RUDOLFS K. , BARFUSS DELON W.
Published: April 2021

Lumen-to-bath and bath-to-lumen transport rates of glutathione (GSH) were measured in isolated perfused S1, S2, and S3 segments of the rabbit proximal tubule. In lumen-to-bath experiments, the perfusion solution contained 4.6 μM 3H-GSH with or without 1.0 mM acivicin. In all three segments perfused without acivicin, luminal disappearance rate (J
DL) and bath appearance rate (J
AB) of 3H-GSH were 14.5 ± 0.5 and 2.2 ± 0.8 fmol/min per mm tubule length, respectively. With acivicin present, J
DL and J
AB were reduced to 1.3 ± 0.4 and 0.5 ± 0.3, respectively, with no differences among segments. Cellular concentrations of 3H-GSH in S1, S2, and S3 segments when acivicin was absent were 23.1 ± 2.0, 31.7 ± 11.4, and 143.5 ± 17.9 μM, respectively. With acivicin in perfusate, cellular concentrations were reduced but there was no change in the heterogeneity profile. In bath-to-lumen transport experiments (S2 segments only), the bathing solution contained 2.3 μM 3H-GSH. 3H-GSH appearance in the lumen (J
AL, fmol/min per mm) and cellular accumulation from the bath were studied with and without acivicin in the perfusate. J
AL values were 3.0 ± 0.2 and 0.2 ± 0.03 while cellular concentrations were 9.5 ± 1.0 and 6.1 ± 0.5 μM, respectively. It is concluded that: (1) GSH is primarily removed from the luminal fluid after degradation to glycine, cysteine, and glutamate, which are absorbed; (2) GSH can be absorbed intact at the luminal membrane; (3) the S3 segment has the greatest GSH cellular concentration because its basolateral membrane has less capacity for cell-to-bath transport of GSH; and (4) GSH can be secreted intact from the peritubular compartment into the tubular lumen.
Regenerative and Proinflammatory Effects of Thrombin on Human Proximal Tubular Cells
Authors: GRANDALIANO GIUSEPPE , MONNO RAFFAELLA , RANIERI ELENA , GESUALDO LORETO , SCHENA FRANCESCO P. , MARTINO CARMELA , URSI MICHELE
Published: April 2021

Interstitial fibrin deposition is a common histologic feature of tubulointerstitial diseases, which suggests that the coagulation system is activated. Thrombin, generated during the activation of the coagulation cascade, is a powerful activating factor for different cell types. Although proximal tubular cells are potential targets for this coagulation factor, no information is available on the effect of thrombin on these cells. Thus, the expression of protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1), the main thrombin receptor, was investigated in human proximal tubular cells (hPTC) in vivo and in vitro. A diffuse expression of PAR-1 was observed by immunohistochemistry along the basolateral membrane of PTC in normal human kidney. This observation was confirmed in vitro in cultured hPTC. Because tubular damage and monocyte infiltration are two hallmarks of tubulointerstitial injury, the effect of thrombin on DNA synthesis and monocyte chemotactic peptide-1 (MCP-1) gene and protein expression was evaluated in cultured hPTC. Thrombin induced a significant and dose-dependent increase in thymidine uptake and a striking upregulation of MCP-1 mRNA expression and protein release into the supernatant. Although PAR-1 is a G protein-coupled receptor, its activation in hPTC, as in other cell systems, resulted in a transient increase in cellular levels of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins. An increased level of tyrosine-phosphorylated c-src suggested the activation of this cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase in response to thrombin and its potential role in thrombin-induced protein-tyrosine phosphorylation. Interestingly, thrombin-induced DNA synthesis and MCP-1 gene expression were completely blocked by genistein, a specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor, but not by its inactive analogue daidzein, demonstrating a central role for tyrosine kinase activation in the thrombin effects on hPTC. Moreover, the specific src inhibitor PP1 abolished the thrombin effect on DNA synthesis. In conclusion, thrombin might represent a powerful regenerative and proinflammatory stimulus for hPTC in acute and chronic tubulointerstitial diseases.