bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
W. STARK, J. M. KEYNES, AND THE MERCANTILISTS
Authors: Repapis Constantinos
Published: February 2021

In this paper we investigate Werner Stark’s sociology of knowledge approach in the history of economic thought. This paper explores: 1) the strengths and weaknesses of Stark’s approach to historiography, 2) how this can frame an understanding of mercantilist writings, and 3) the development of a link between a pluralist understanding of economics and the sociology of knowledge approach. The reason for developing this link is to extend the sociology of knowledge approach to encompass a pluralist understanding of economic theorizing and, at the same time, clarify the link betweencontextandeconomic theory. John Maynard Keynes’s practice of building narratives of intellectual traditions as evidenced inThe General Theoryis used to develop a position between an understanding of history of economic thought as the evolution of abstract and decontextualized economic theorizing and the view of economic theory as relevant only within the social conditions from which it arose.
Contemporary Art and the Problem of Music: Towards a Musical Contemporary Art
Authors: BARRETT G. DOUGLAS
Published: February 2021

This article elaborates the art-theoretical concept of ‘the contemporary’ along with formal differences between contemporary music and contemporary art. Contemporary art emerges from the radical transformations of the historical avant-garde and neo-avant-garde that have led to post-conceptual art – a generic art beyond specific mediums that prioritizes discursive meaning and social process – while contemporary music struggles with its status as a non-conceptual art form that inherits its concept from aesthetic modernism and absolute music. The article also considers the category of sound art and discusses some of the ways it, too, is at odds with contemporary art's generic and post-conceptual condition. I argue that, despite their respective claims to contemporaneity, neither sound art nor contemporary music is contemporary in the historical sense of the term articulated in art theory. As an alternative to these categories, I propose ‘musical contemporary art’ to describe practices that depart in consequential ways from new/contemporary music and sound art.
Islam and Muslims in “non-religious” Japan: caught in between prejudice against Islam and performative tolerance
Authors: Yamashita Yoko
Published: February 2021

This paper examines how Islam in Japan tends to be tolerated as (foreign) “culture,” especially within the framework of tabunka kyōsei, multicultural coexistence, and cosmetic multiculturalism to circumvent religious apathy, phobia of religion, and prejudice against Islam. In doing so, this paper will: first provide a history of Muslim–Japanese relations and Muslim communities in Japan as well as an overview of the total estimate of the Muslim population in Japan as of 2018; historicize and denaturalize religious apathy, phobia of religion, and prejudice against Islam among the general Japanese public; analyze the rhetoric of tabunka kyōsei and its relation to cosmetic multiculturalism as well as its problematics; investigate the cases of local oppositions to the building projects of mosques and my observations made at events organized by Muslim groups; and conclude with a critical remark on the cosmetic multiculturalist understanding of “Islamic culture” and its approach to tabunka kyōsei.
High efficient dual band stacked antennas integrated into rescue helmets for indoor communication
Authors: Islam Hashinur , Das Saumya , Bose Tanushree , Dhar Sourav
Published: February 2021

A dual-band stacked antenna integrated with a rescue helmet is proposed for WLAN applications. The cross slot aperture feeding technique enables the antenna to support dual-band operation at 2.4 and 5 GHz. On the ground plane, two slots are formed, perpendicular to each other and of different lengths. Four dielectric layers of different permittivity are stacked over this cross slot to attain the desired frequency bands. Under free space condition, the radiator yields 7% (2.31–2.48 GHz), 15.87% (5.12–6 GHz) 10 dB return loss bandwidth (BW). The use of low loss dielectric layers on the slots also provides a high antenna efficiency and moderate gain at both frequency bands. The small dimension of antenna encourages its use as a wearable helmet antenna. Antenna performances are observed under wearable condition. For assessing human exposure to RF electromagnetic fields, SAR evaluations are conducted at both 2.4 and 5 GHz WLAN bands.
Challenging Domestic Judgments Through Investment Arbitration: Implications for the Forced Labour Litigation in Korea?
Authors: PRISLAN Vid
Published: February 2021

This paper considers the international legal implications of certain civil lawsuits that recently resulted in Japanese companies being ordered to pay compensation to Korean victims of forced labour, focusing specifically on whether investor-state arbitration could provide a means of redress against judgments affecting those companies. After identifying the jurisdictional hurdles that those companies might face were they to challenge those judgments before an Arbitral Tribunal, this paper explores the most relevant treaty protection disciplines that could be relied upon in bringing such challenges, and discusses the remedies that a competent Arbitral Tribunal could prescribe were it to find that those judgments were not in conformity with Korea's international obligations. Building on existing jurisprudence, this paper shows that investment arbitration may provide a means for offsetting the adverse consequences of Korean forced labour litigation, but also highlights a number of difficulties that the Japanese companies would face in pursuing such an avenue.
Association of psychiatric comorbidities with the risk of transport accidents in ADHD and MPH
Authors: Liu Yi-Chun , Chen Vincent Chin-Hung , Yang Yao-Hsu , Chen Yi-Lung , Gossop Michael
Published: February 2021

Aims

Although the relationship between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and transport accidents has been shown, there is limited information on the relationship between medication and dose–response effects and transport accident risk. This study aims to determine whether young people with ADHD, including adolescents, are more prone to transport accidents than those without, and the extent to which methylphenidate (MPH) prescription in these patients reduces the risk.

Methods

We identified 114 486 patients diagnosed with ADHD from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database from 1997 to 2013. Using a Cox regression model, we compared the risk of transport accidents between ADHD and non-ADHD groups and estimated the effect of MPH on accidents. Furthermore, we applied a self-control case-series analysis to compare the risk of accidents during the medication periods with the same patients' non-medication periods.

Results

Male ADHD patients had a higher risk of transport accidents than non-ADHD individuals (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 1.24, [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10–1.39]), especially for those comorbid with epilepsy, oppositional defiant disorder/conduct disorder (ODD/CD), and intellectual disabilities (ID). Female ADHD patients showed no relationship, except for comorbid with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or ID. We found a reduced risk of transport accidents in patients with ADHD with MPH medication than those without MPH, with a plausible dose–response relationship (aHR of 0.23 to 0.07). A similar pattern was found in self-controlled case-series analysis.

Conclusions

Male patients with ADHD, especially those comorbid with epilepsy, ODD/CD, or ID, were at high risk of transport accidents. Female patients, when comorbid with ASD or ID, also exhibited a higher risk of accidents. MPH treatment lowered the accident risk with a dose–response relationship.
Permafrost Causes Unique Fine‐Scale Spatial Variability Across Tundra Soils
Authors: Siewert M. B. , Lantuit H. , Richter A. , Hugelius G.
Published: February 2021

Spatial analysis in earth sciences is often based on the concept of spatial autocorrelation, expressed by W. Tobler as the first law of geography: “everything is related to everything else, but near things are more related than distant things." Here, we show that subsurface soil properties in permafrost tundra terrain exhibit tremendous spatial variability. We describe the subsurface variability of soil organic carbon (SOC) and ground ice content from the centimeter to the landscape scale in three typical tundra terrain types common across the Arctic region. At the soil pedon scale, that is, from centimeters to 1–2 m, variability is caused by cryoturbation and affected by tussocks, hummocks and nonsorted circles. At the terrain scale, from meters to tens of meters, variability is caused by different generations of ice‐wedges. Variability at the landscape scale, that is, ranging hundreds of meters, is associated with geomorphic disturbances and catenary shifts. The co‐occurrence and overlap of different processes and landforms creates a spatial structure unique to permafrost environments. The coefficient of variation of SOC at the pedon scale (21%–73%) exceeds that found at terrain (17%–66%) and even landscape scale (24%–67%). Such high values for spatial variation are otherwise found at regional to continental scale. Clearly, permafrost soils do not conform to Tobler's law, but are among the most variable soils on Earth. This needs to be accounted for in mapping and predictions of the permafrost carbon feedbacks through various ecosystem processes. We conclude that scale deserves special attention in permafrost regions.
Role of Sea Fog Over the Yellow Sea on Air Quality With the Direct Effect of Aerosols
Authors: Jung Jia , Choi Yunsoo , Wong David C. , Nelson Delaney , Lee Sojin
Published: February 2021

In this study, we investigate the impact of sea fog over the Yellow Sea on air quality with the direct effect of aerosols for the entire year of 2016. Using the WRF‐CMAQ two‐way coupled model, we perform four model simulations with the up‐to‐date emission inventory over East Asia and dynamic chemical boundary conditions provided by hemispheric model simulations. During the spring of 2016, prevailing west‐southwesterly winds and anticyclones caused the formation of a temperature inversion over the Yellow Sea, providing favorable conditions for the formation of fog. The inclusion of the direct effect of aerosols enhanced its strength. On foggy days, we find dominant changes of aerosols at an altitude of 150–200 m over the Yellow Sea resulted by the production through aqueous chemistry (∼12.36% and ∼3.08% increases in sulfate and ammonium) and loss via the wet deposition process (∼‐3.79% decrease in nitrate); we also find stronger wet deposition of all species occurring in PBL. Stagnant conditions associated with reduced air temperature caused by the direct effect of aerosols enhanced aerosol chemistry, especially in coastal regions, and it exceeded the loss of nitrate. The transport of air pollutants affected by sea fog extended to a much broader region. Our findings show that the Yellow Sea acts as not only a path of long‐range transport but also as a sink and source of air pollutants. Further study should investigate changes in the impact of sea fog on air quality in conjunction with changes in the concentrations of aerosols and the climate.
The Role of Methane Transport From the Active Layer in Sustaining Methane Emissions and Food Chains in Subarctic Ponds
Authors: Olid C. , Zannella A. , Lau D. C. P.
Published: February 2021

Groundwater discharge from the seasonally thawed active layer is increasingly recognized as an important pathway for delivering methane (CH4) into Arctic lakes and streams, but its contribution to CH4 emissions from thaw ponds and its influence on the trophic support and nutritional quality of pond food chains remains unexplored. We quantified the transport of CH4 from the active layer through groundwater discharge into thaw ponds in a subarctic catchment in northern Sweden, using radon (222Rn) as groundwater tracer. We analyzed stable isotopes and fatty acids of pond macroinvertebrates to evaluate the potential effects of groundwater‐mediated CH4 inputs on the aquatic food chains. Our results indicate that active layer groundwater discharge flows are nontrivial (range 6%–46% of pond volume per day) and the associated CH4 fluxes (median 339 mg C m−2day−1, interquartile range [IQR]: 179–419 mg C m−2 day−1) can sustain the diffusive CH4 emissions from most of the ponds (155 mg C m−2 day−1, IQR: 55–234 mg C m−2 day−1). Consumers in ponds receiving greater CH4 inputs from the active layer had lower stable carbon (C) isotope signatures that indicates a greater trophic reliance on methane oxidizing bacteria (MOB), and they had lower nutritional quality as indicated by their lower tissue concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Overall, this work links physical (CH4 transport from the active layer), biogeochemical (CH4 emission), and ecological (MOB‐consumer interaction) processes to provide direct evidence for the role of active layer groundwater discharge in CH4 cycling of subarctic thaw ponds.
Shedding New Light on an Enigmatic End Member of Back‐Arc Spreading: The Structure of the Grenada Basin in the Lesser Antilles
Authors: Allen R. W.
Published: February 2021

As one of only two subduction zones to consume slow‐spreading Atlantic oceanic crust, and with one of the slowest convergence rates of any subduction system globally, the Lesser Antilles arc is an important end member on the subduction spectrum. Back‐arc spreading is observed at many subduction zones. Yet, despite fulfilling many of the geodynamic requirements for spreading, the tectonic processes which may have led to the formation of the 500 × 150 km Grenada back‐arc Basin remain both enigmatic and controversial. In their new publication, Padron et al. (2021) (Padron, C., Klingelhoefer, F., Marcaillou, B., Lebrun, J.‐F., Lallemand, S., Garrocq, C., et al. (2021). Deep structure of the Grenada Basin from wide‐angle seismic, bathymetric and gravity data. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 126, e2020JB020472. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JB020472) present the most expansive wide‐angle seismic data set acquired in the basin to date. In combination with other marine geophysical data the authors can map clear internal changes in crustal structure, proposing a model of oblique magmatic spreading in the southern basin. This study represents an important step, not only for understanding of the tectonic history of the eastern Caribbean region, but also toward understanding what the Lesser Antilles may be able to tell us about the complexities of back‐arc processes globally.
Construction of a reduction-responsive oligonucleotide via a post-modification approach utilizing 4-nitrophenyl diazomethane
Authors: Shirakami Nanami , Higashi Sayuri L. , Kawaki Yugo , Kitamura Yoshiaki , Shibata Aya , Ikeda Masato
Published: February 2021

Herein, we describe the construction of a reduction-responsive oligonucleotide by post-modification of an oligonucleotide with a diazo compound bearing a 4-nitrobenzyl group as a reduction-responsive cleavable moiety. High-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry were used to reveal the introduction of a 4-nitrobenzyl group to the 5′-phosphate group of an oligonucleotide, and the subsequent reduction-triggered recovery of the original oligonucleotide. The protocol used for the preparation of this reduction-responsive oligonucleotide is simple and it will have various applications in the fields of chemical and synthetic biology.
Isolable small-molecule cysteine sulfenic acid
Authors: Sano Tsukasa , Masuda Ryosuke , Sase Shohei , Goto Kei
Published: February 2021

A small-molecule cysteine sulfenic acid (Cys–SOH) with ‘shelf stability’ protected by a molecular cradle was synthesized by direct oxidation of a thiol with H2O2. Its crystal structure and biologically relevant reactivity were elucidated.
Effect of spin glass frustration on exchange bias in NiMn/CoFeB bilayers
Authors: Nayak Sagarika , Manna Palash Kumar , Singh Braj Bhusan , Bedanta Subhankar
Published: February 2021

We have observed the effect of spin glass frustration on exchange bias properties in NiMn (t nm)/CoFeB (5 nm) bilayers.
Effect of FeOx and MnOx doping into the CeO2–V2O5/TiO2 nanocomposite on the performance and mechanism in selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3
Authors: Wang Jinxiu , Yi Xianfang , Su Qingfa , Chen Jinsheng , Xie Zongli
Published: February 2021

FeOx–CeO2–V2O5/TiO2 catalyst showed higher N2 selectivity and resistance to SO2 and H2O than MnOx–CeO2–V2O5/TiO2 catalyst due to their different physicochemical properties. The interaction of Fe, Ce and V oxides and reaction mechanism were explored.
Carbazole effect on ground- and excited-state properties of rhenium(i) carbonyl complexes with extended terpy-like ligands
Authors: Choroba Katarzyna , Maroń Anna , Świtlicka Anna , Szłapa-Kula Agata , Siwy Mariola , Grzelak Justyna , Maćkowski Sebastian , Pedzinski Tomasz , Schab-Balcerzak Ewa , Machura Barbara
Published: February 2021

The ground and excited-state properties of Re(i) complexes with terpy-like ligands functionalized with 9-carbazole were investigated.
Identifying the origin of the Voc deficit of kesterite solar cells from the two grain growth mechanisms induced by Sn2+ and Sn4+ precursors in DMSO solution
Authors: Gong Yuancai , Zhang Yifan , Zhu Qiang , Zhou Yage , Qiu Ruichan , Niu Chuanyou , Yan Weibo , Huang Wei , Xin Hao
Published: February 2021

The large Voc deficit of kesterite solar cell mainly comes from the defective surface caused by multi-phase fusion grain growth; direct phase transformation grain growth produces high quality absorber with clean surface and thus high device Voc.
Emerging investigator series: immobilization of arsenic in soil by nanoscale zerovalent iron: role of sulfidation and application of machine learning
Authors: Han Ziwei , Salawu Omobayo A. , Zenobio Jenny E. , Zhao Yixin , Adeleye Adeyemi S.
Published: February 2021

SnZVI is more promising than nZVI for sustainable remediation of arsenic in soil.
Beyond technology: a program for promoting urine-diverting dry toilets in rural areas to support sustainability
Authors: Zhuang Xianquan , Fang Dexin , Ji Fangying
Published: February 2021

This work proposes a UDDT promotional program with the aim of promoting urine-diverting dry toilets in rural areas.
An alternative solution for α-linolenic acid supplements: in vitro digestive properties of silkworm pupae oil in a pH-stat system
Authors: Yan Cheng-Hai , Xun Xiao-Meng , Wang Jiao , Wang Jin-Zheng , You Shuai , Wu Fu-An , Wang Jun
Published: February 2021

A brief description of the digestion system in vitro for silkworm pupae oil. Triacylglycerols are hydrolyzed by pancreatic lipase. Meanwhile, the release level and a first-order kinetic model were used to investigate lipid digestion properties.
Continuous microfluidic fabrication of anisotropic microparticles for enhanced wastewater purification
Authors: Deng Xiaokang , Ren Yukun , Hou Likai , Jiang Tianyi , Jiang Hongyuan
Published: February 2021

Anisotropic microparticles with spherical, pear-like, maraca-like and rod-like shapes are continuously fabricated via a facile microfluidic strategy. Porous rod-like microparticles show enhanced performance in removal of organic contaminants.
Generation of reactive oxygen species is the primary mode of action and cause of survivin suppression by sepantronium bromide (YM155)
Authors: Wani Tasaduq Hussain , Chowdhury Goutam , Chakrabarty Anindita
Published: February 2021

The anti-cancer drug YM155's primary mode of action is generation of reactive oxygen species, while survivin suppression and DNA damage are secondary effects.
Synthesis of cobalt A2B triaryl corroles bearing aldehyde and amide pyridyl groups and their performance in electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Fang Jun-Jia , Lan Jian , Yang Gang , Yuan Gao-Qing , Liu Hai-Yang , Si Li-Ping
Published: February 2021

Amide pyridyl groups on cobalt corroles may function as proton relay groups to facilitate the HER.
Efficient quantum dot-sensitized solar cells through sulfur-rich carbon nitride modified electrolytes
Authors: Rasal Akash S. , Dehvari Khalilalrahman , Getachew Girum , Korupalli Chiranjeevi , Ghule Anil V. , Chang Jia-Yaw
Published: February 2021

Polysulfide electrolytes with sulfur-rich graphitic carbon nitride additives are effective in various Cu-based I–III–VI quantum dot-sensitized solar cells, including Cu–In–S and Cu–In–Se, for improving power conversion efficiencies.
Searching for kagome multi-bands and edge states in a predicted organic topological insulator
Authors: Hernández-López Leyre , Piquero-Zulaica Ignacio , Downing Charles A. , Piantek Marten , Fujii Jun , Serrate David , Ortega J. Enrique , Bartolomé Fernando , Lobo-Checa Jorge
Published: February 2021

Topological protection shatters in a predicted organic topological insulator by spontaneously reducing its overall symmetry. The first experimental evidence of a 2D-MOF conjugated band is reported, even in absence of edge states.
(γ-Methoxy propyl amine)2PbBr4: a novel two-dimensional halide hybrid perovskite with efficient bluish white-light emission
Authors: Li Yezhan , Ji Chengmin , Li Lina , Wang Sasa , Han Shiguo , Peng Yu , Zhang Shuhua , Luo Junhua
Published: February 2021

A 2D hybrid perovskite based on alkoxyamine cations shows bright bluish white-light emission with a high PLQE of 6.85%.
Fabrication and characterization of 3D printable nanocellulose-based hydrogels for tissue engineering
Authors: Patel Dinesh K. , Dutta Sayan Deb , Shin Woo-Chul , Ganguly Keya , Lim Ki-Taek
Published: February 2021

Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-based hydrogels are considered attractive biomaterials for tissue engineering due to their excellent physicochemical properties.
Fluorescence quenching mediated detection of hydrogen peroxide using tungsten incorporated graphitic carbon nitride nanoflakes
Authors: Ahmed Aftab , Hayat Akhtar , Nawaz Mian Hasnain , Chaudhry Aqif Anwar , John Peter , Nasir Muhammad
Published: February 2021

Representation of Tungsten doped graphitic carbon nitride for non-enzymatic-fluorescence quenching based detection of H2O2 with high sensitivity and accuracy triggered by the oxidation of RhB used as a fluorescence substrate.
Organic/inorganic double solutions for magnesium–air batteries
Authors: Ma Jingling , Hu Pengfei , Jia Xingliang , Zhang Chenfei , Wang Guangxin
Published: February 2021

In order to limit the anode corrosion and improve the battery activity, magnesium–air batteries with organic/inorganic double solutions (0.5 M Mg(ClO4)2–N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF)/0.6 M NaCl–H2O, 0.5 M Mg(ClO4)2–acetonitrile (AN)/0.6 M NaCl–H2O) were prepared.
Biofilm mechanics in an extremely acidic environment: microbiological significance
Authors: Souza-Egipsy Virginia , Vega Juan F. , González-Toril Elena , Aguilera Ángeles
Published: February 2021

Grafical abstract of the different biofilms studied, LTSEM images of the structural details and associated values of elastic modulus, Gc′, and cohesive energy, Ec. Scale bar = 20 μm.
Holographic characterization and tracking of colloidal dimers in the effective-sphere approximation
Authors: Altman Lauren E. , Quddus Rushna , Cheong Fook Chiong , Grier David G.
Published: February 2021

A colloidal dimer scatters laser light to form an in-line hologram that is clearly distinguishable from the hologram of a single sphere. Fitting to an effective-sphere model rapidly measures the dimer's three-dimensional position and orientation.
In situ conversion of ZnO into zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 in polyamide layers for well-structured high-permeance thin-film nanocomposite nanofiltration membranes
Authors: Zhang Wentian , Li Zhiwen , Xu Yanchao , Lin Hongjun , Shen Liguo , Li Renjie , Zhang Meijia
Published: February 2021

In situ conversion of ZnO nanoparticles into ZIF-8 in the polyamide layer of a thin-film nanocomposite membrane greatly enhances the membrane permeability and selectivity.
Insights into iodoplumbate complex evolution of precursor solutions for perovskite solar cells: from aging to degradation
Authors: Li Bo , Dai Qilin , Yun Sining , Tian Jianjun
Published: February 2021

The evolution of the characteristics of a perovskite precursor solution driven by its components, the aging effect, degradation effect, and humidity effect and their impact on the physical properties of perovskite films (and perovskite solar cell performance) is summarized.
Synergetic effects of electrochemical oxidation of Spiro-OMeTAD and Li+ ion migration for improving the performance of n–i–p type perovskite solar cells
Authors: Ding Changzeng , Huang Rong , Ahläng Christian , Lin Jian , Zhang Lianping , Zhang Dongyu , Luo Qun , Li Fangsen , Österbacka Ronald , Ma Chang-Qi
Published: February 2021

Oxidation of solar cells leads to Li+ ion diffusion, which increases the conductivity of the Spiro-OMeTAD layer and the built-in potential within the cells. The synergetic effects improve charge injection at both interfaces and device performance.
High temperature (nano)thermometers based on LiLuF4:Er3+,Yb3+ nano- and microcrystals. Confounded results for core–shell nanocrystals
Authors: Kaczmarek Anna M. , Suta Markus , Rijckaert Hannes , van Swieten Thomas P. , Van Driessche Isabel , Kaczmarek Mariusz K. , Meijerink Andries
Published: February 2021

Core-shell Er,Yb:LiLuF4 nanocrystals were investigated for their use as high temperature thermometers. However, distribution of the dopants within the anticipatedly protective undoped shells was observed, which questions common assumptions.
Molecular engineering of carbazole–acrylonitrile fluorophores: substituent-dependent optical properties and mechanochromism
Authors: Chen Pengfei , Yin Yuanye , Ni Yingyong , Zhu Huichao , Huang Jianyan , Yang Jiaxiang , Yang Jianjun , Kong Lin
Published: February 2021

Controlling the fluorescence properties of organic molecules in the aggregation state and understanding the structure–activity relationship are important for developing excellent luminophors with tunable solid emission.
Polarisation tuneable piezo-catalytic activity of Nb-doped PZT with low Curie temperature for efficient CO2 reduction and H2 generation
Authors: Zhang Yan , Thuy Phuong Pham Thi , Hoang Duy Nguyen Phuc , Roake Eleanor , Khanbareh Hamideh , Hopkins Margaret , Zhou Xuefan , Zhang Dou , Zhou Kechao , Bowen Chris
Published: February 2021

First report on a detailed assessment of the impact of applied acoustic power, particle agglomeration effects and impact of Tc on piezo-catalysis for CO2 reduction.
Controlled growth of ultrafine metal nanoparticles mediated by solid supports
Authors: Hu Hongyin , Lu Shuanglong , Li Ting , Zhang Yue , Guo Chenxi , Zhu Han , Jin Yinghua , Du Mingliang , Zhang Wei
Published: February 2021

This article reviews the controlled growth of UMNPs mediated by different types of solid supports and their catalytic properties. The importance of certain structural features of the supports is also discussed.
Ultratough and ultrastrong graphene oxide hybrid filmsviaa polycationitrile approach
Authors: Chang Jian , Zhang Miao , Zhao Qiang , Qu Liangti , Yuan Jiayin
Published: February 2021

The newly established polycationitrile chemistry was used as a powerful molecular crosslinking strategy to engineer ultratough and ultrastrong GO/polymer hybrid films.
Magnetic-field-induced self-assembly of FeCo/CoFe2O4 core/shell nanoparticles with tunable collective magnetic properties
Authors: Mohapatra J. , Elkins J. , Xing M. , Guragain D. , Mishra Sanjay R. , Liu J. Ping
Published: February 2021

Self-assembly of nanoparticles into ordered patterns is a novel approach to build up new consolidated materials with desired collective physical properties.
Photoinduced charge-transfer in chromophore-labeled gold nanoclusters: quantum evidence of the critical role of ligands and vibronic couplings
Authors: Domínguez-Castro Adrian , Lien-Medrano Carlos R. , Maghrebi Khaoula , Messaoudi Sabri , Frauenheim Thomas , Fihey Arnaud
Published: February 2021

We present the first application of the time-dependent density functional tight-binding method to rationalize the photo-induced electron transfer in an experimental hexyl-protected Au25 cluster labeled with a pyrene fluorophore.
Nickel-catalyzed coupling of R2P(O)Me (R = aryl or alkoxy) with (hetero)arylmethyl alcohols
Authors: Li Wei-Ze , Wang Zhong-Xia
Published: February 2021

α-Alkylation of methyldiarylphosphine oxides and dialkyl methylphosphonates with (hetero)arylmethyl alcohols was performed under nickel catalysis.
Dicarbofunctionalization of unactivated alkenes by palladium-catalyzed domino Heck/intermolecular direct hetero arylation with heteroarenes
Authors: Ishu Km , Kumar Dharmendra , Maurya Naveen Kumar , Yadav Suman , Chaudhary Dhananjay , Kuram Malleswara Rao
Published: February 2021

Dicarbofunctionalization of unactivated alkenes by palladium-catalyzed domino Heck/intermolecular direct hetero arylation with heteroarenes was developed producing all-carbon quaternary centers.
Uncovering the interactions driving carotenoid binding in light-harvesting complexes
Authors: Mascoli Vincenzo , Liguori Nicoletta , Cupellini Lorenzo , Elias Eduard , Mennucci Benedetta , Croce Roberta
Published: February 2021

Carotenoids are essential constituents of plant light-harvesting complexes. This in silico study shows that carotenoid binding is mainly driven by van der Waals interactions with the surrounding chlorophylls rather than hydrogen bonds to the protein.
A comparison between X-shooter spectra and PHOENIX models across the HR-diagram
Authors: Lançon A. , Gonneau A. , Verro K. , Prugniel P. , Arentsen A. , Trager S. C. , Peletier R. , Chen Y.-P. , Coelho P. , Falcón-Barroso J. , Hauschildt P. , Husser T.-O. , Jain R. , Lyubenova M. , Martins L. , Sánchez Blázquez P. , Vazdekis A.
Published: February 2021

Aims. The path towards robust near-infrared extensions of stellar population models involves the confrontation between empirical and synthetic stellar spectral libraries across the wavelength ranges of photospheric emission. Indeed, the theory of stellar emission enters all population synthesis models, even when this is only implicit in the association of fundamental stellar parameters with empirical spectral library stars. With its near-ultraviolet to near-infrared coverage, the X-shooter Spectral Library (XSL) allows us to examine to what extent models succeed in reproducing stellar energy distributions (SEDs) and stellar absorption line spectra simultaneously.

Methods. As a first example, this study compares the stellar spectra of XSL with those of the Göttingen Spectral Library, which are based on the PHOENIX synthesis code. The comparison was carried out both separately in the three arms of the X-shooter spectrograph known as UVB, VIS and NIR, and jointly across the whole spectrum. We did not discard the continuum in these comparisons; only reddening was allowed to modify the SEDs of the models.

Results. When adopting the stellar parameters published with data release DR2 of XSL, we find that the SEDs of the models are consistent with those of the data at temperatures above 5000 K. Below 5000 K, there are significant discrepancies in the SEDs. When leaving the stellar parameters free to adjust, satisfactory representations of the SEDs are obtained down to about 4000 K. However, in particular below 5000 K and in the UVB spectral range, strong local residuals associated with intermediate resolution spectral features are then seen; the necessity of a compromise between reproducing the line spectra and reproducing the SEDs leads to dispersion between the parameters favored by various spectral ranges. We describe the main trends observed and we point out localized offsets between the parameters preferred in this global fit to the SEDs and the parameters in DR2. These depend in a complex way on the position in the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram (HRD). We estimate the effect of the offsets on bolometric corrections as a function of position in the HRD and use this for a brief discussion of their impact on the studies of stellar populations. A review of the literature shows that comparable discrepancies are mentioned in studies using other theoretical and empirical libraries.
Fundamentalin vitro3D human skin equivalent tool development for assessing biological safety and biocompatibility – towards alternative for animal experiments
Authors: Idrees Ayesha , Schmitz Inge , Zoso Alice , Gruhn Dierk , Pacharra Sandra , Shah Siegfried , Ciardelli Gianluca , Viebahn Richard , Chiono Valeria , Salber Jochen
Published: February 2021

Nowadays, human skin constructs (HSCs) are required for biomaterials, pharmaceuticals and cosmeticsin vitrotesting and for the development of complex skin wound therapeutics.In vitrothree-dimensional (3D) dermal-epidermal based interfollicular, full-thickness, human skin equivalent (HSE) was here developed, recapitulating skin morphogenesis, epidermal differentiation, ultra-structure, tissue architecture, and barrier function properties of human skin. Different 3D cell culture conditions were tested to optimize HSE maturation, using various commercially available serum/animal component-free and/or fully defined media, and air-liquid interface (ALI) culture. Optimized culture conditions allowed the production of HSE by culturing normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs) for 5–7 days in CELLnTEC-Prime Fibroblast (CnT-PR-F) medium and then culturing normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) for 3 days in CELLnTEC-Prime Epithelial culture (CnT-PR) medium on them. Co-culture was then submerged overnight in CELLnTEC-Prime-3D barrier (CnT-PR-3D) medium to stimulate cell-cell contact formation and finally placed at ALI for 15–20 days using CnT-PR-3D medium. Histological analysis revealed uniform distribution of NHDFs in the dermal layer and their typical elongated morphology with filopodia. Epidermal compartment showed a multi-layered structure, consisting of stratum basale, spinosum, granulosum, and corneum. NHDFs and keratinocytes of basal layer were positive for the proliferation marker Kiel 67 (Ki-67) demonstrating their active state of proliferation. The presence of typical epidermal tissue proteins (keratins, laminins, filaggrin, loricin, involucrin, and β-tubulin) at their correct anatomical position was verified by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Moreover, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses revealed basement membrane with lamina lucida, lamina densa, hemidesmosomes and anchoring fibers. The epidermal layers showed abundant intracellular keratin filaments, desmosomes, and tight junction between keratinocytes. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses showed the interwoven network of collagen fibers with embedded NHDFs and adjacent stratified epidermis up to the stratum corneum similar to native human skin. HSE physiological static contact angle confirmed the barrier function. The developed HSE represents a fundamentalin vitrotool to assess biocompatibility of biomaterials, pharmacotoxicity, safety and effectiveness of cosmetics, as well as to investigate skin biology, skin disease pathogenesis, wound healing, and skin infection.
Research on sound absorption performance and optimal design of acoustic materials containing cavity structure
Authors: Song Hao , Cui Zixian , Li Jun , An Buchao
Published: February 2021

Based on the finite element method, this paper first discusses the sound absorption characteristics of acoustic materials with a cavity structure backed by air, and then takes the internal cavity of the acoustic material and the acoustic material as the research object, considering the sound waves of different frequencies and different incident angles. The maximum sound absorption coefficient is used as the objective function to optimize the design of the cavity acoustic material. The calculation results show that the sound absorption performance of the optimized acoustic material has been significantly improved.
Simulation of LLCL filter based on active damping weighted current control strategy
Authors: Zhu Jiaxiong , Xiao Zhigang , FENG Chang
Published: February 2021

Grid-connected inverters is the core component of distributed generation system, and the filter is the core component of the inverters. When the inverter works, the filter can effectively filter and suppress the high-frequency harmonics in the output current of the inverter side, so as to ensure the stability of the power grid and improve the working effect of the whole grid connected inverter system. The filter is a high order underdamped system, and the LLCL Filter also has a resonance peak. In this paper, a weighted current method based on active damping is used. In this method, the output current of the inverter side and the current of the grid side are weighted with a reasonable proportion as the feedback quantity, the weighted current feedback is the outer loop, and the LC series branch current feedback is the inner loop. The system is reduced to the first order theoretically, which makes up for the under damping problem of the system and suppresses the resonance peak of the system. Through the simulation experiment, the feasibility of the active damping weighted current method is verified.
Analysis of transmission characteristics of non-line-of-sight ultraviolet light under complex channel conditions
Authors: Zheng Xuan , Tang Yanfeng , Du Jingyi
Published: February 2021

Using the multiple scattering model of non-line-of-sight ultraviolet light to simulate and analyze the atmospheric channel characteristics in the complex environment of haze and dust. The Mie scattering theory and T matrix method are used to analyze the path loss of spherical particles and non-spherical particles with particle concentration at different communication distances. The results show that when the communication distance is less than 50 meters, the communication quality under severe haze is the best, and for long-distance communication, the path loss under severe haze increases almost proportionally. In the non-line-of-sight ultraviolet light communication link, the higher the concentration of dust particles, the better the communication quality of the non-line-of-sight ultraviolet light communication transmission. Analysis of the scattering coefficient of spherical particles is significantly greater than that of non-spherical particles.
The macro model of hybrid on-load tap-changer passive trigger
Authors: Li Peng , Yin Yu , Zhang Shuqi , Gao Fei , Jia Pengfei , Liu Xueli , Shi Fei
Published: February 2021

Using thyristor as arc medium hybrid on-load tap-changer, completely solve the problem of switch produce arc, reduce the ablation of mechanical contact, improve the working environment of transformer oil, both mechanical switch and brake switch tube, the advantages of both resistance to overload, over current, over voltage capability, high reliability, long service life, maintenance workload small, suitable for frequent regulating occasions, reduce the operation cost transformer.
The switching principle of thyristor assistant arc extinguishing hybrid on-load tap-changer
Authors: Cai Taoyuan , Zhao Xingying , Shi Fei , Ding Benping , Jia Pengfei , Hao Luning , Zhang Lei
Published: February 2021

Thyristor assistant arc extinguishing hybrid on-load tap-changer uses thyristor auxiliary mechanical switch which combines the advantages of mechanical switch and thyristor switch. The hybrid OLTC has high reliability, a relatively small amount of work needs to be maintained. It is a kind of very promising transformer OLTC. This project focus on the application of the hybrid OLTC in 110, 220kV transformer, introduces the auxiliary thyristor arc hybrid on-load tap-changer principle of passive trigger with odd block switch to even block as an example, describes the hybrid on-load tap-changer switching process, and the switching principle of simulation verification, on the basis of summarizing the characteristics of hybrid on-load tap-changer.
Time-frequency energy analysis of deepwater explosion shock wave signals based on HHT
Authors: Li Linna , You Yue
Published: February 2021

In order to study the time-frequency characteristics of shock wave signals under deep water explosion conditions, experiments are performed using water medium explosion containers to simulate different water depth conditions, and signal analysis is performed on the shock wave data obtained in the experiments. Traditional time-frequency analysis methods such as Fourier transform and wavelet transform have many limitations on deep-water explosion shock wave signal analysis, the HHT method is used to analyse the experimental data from the three-dimensional Hilbert spectrum, marginal spectrum and instantaneous energy spectrum. The results show that the time-frequency method can effectively extract the frequency components of the deep-water explosion load signal in different periods. It provides a reference for people to understand the time frequency characteristics of shock wave signals in deep water.
Measurement of reflection coefficient for a double-layered scaled model using the inverse filter
Authors: Song Hao , Yan Xiaowei , Ma Xiaochen , Cui Zixian , Li Qi
Published: February 2021

A method of measuring the reflection coefficient for a double-layered scaled model using the inverse filter is presented. First, the response of the circuit and underwater acoustical channel is measured, and the retransmitted inverse signal isestimated with the least square method for solving the cost function, which is constructed by the inverse filtering theory. Then, by retransmitting the inverse signal, the incident signal at the position of the double-layered scaled model is focused with high-main-lobe resolution, low side-lobelevel and a narrow pulse signal in temporal domain. The focus improves the measurement accuracy of the reflection coefficient for the double-layered scaled model in low frequencies. The feasibility of replacing the whole cylindrical with the double-layered scaled model is verified by simulation. The validity of the proposed method is verified by experiments carried out in a cylindrical tank for a double-layered scaled model at the frequency 0.5 kHz~10 kHz. The experimental results show that the proposed method is effective to the measurement of the reflection coefficient for the double-layered scaled model.The experimental results for the double-layered scaled model with acoustical coating on different shells have strongly directive significance for the process design and improvement of the acoustical coating.
Finite element simulation study on influence of spacecraft stiffener structure on elastic wave propagation
Authors: Bian Xu , Tian Biwan , Jin Shijiu
Published: February 2021

Aiming at the propagation process of elastic wave in spacecraft stiffener structure. In this paper, the phase and energy changes of elastic waves propagating in the wall structure of stiffeners at different frequencies are analyzed by using finite element method and laser Doppler vibrometer (LDVS). Meanwhile, the relationship between the parameters of stiffeners and the diffusion of acoustic wave energy and the phase change of elastic waves respectively is obtained. The results show that in the range of parameters involved in this paper, the stiffener has a significant effect on elastic waves propagation. When wavelength λ > 10mm, most of the elastic waves are reflected by the stiffener, while when λ < 6mm, elastic waves propagate more easily across the stiffener, and the proportion of those propagated by the stiffener increases. Moreover, the functional expression of the relationship between the height of the stiffener and the frequency of the elastic wave which can easily propagate through the stiffener is obtained.
Study on 3D reconstruction techniques of rocket body model based on strain monitor
Authors: Chen Aihua , Cao Long , Yan Guowei , Xu Ze
Published: February 2021

A three-dimensional reconstruction technique based on strain monitoring is proposed in this paper. According to the strain data of finite measuring points, the shape characteristics of the whole rocket structure are reconstructed, which provides the basis for the reliability judgment of the structure. Based on the theory of Ko, the 3D reconstruction algorithm for the rocket model of cylindrical structure is realized. The strain nephogram of plate model is simulated by ANASYS. And the strain nephogram is reconstructed by reconstruction algorithm, then compared with the simulation results. The results show that the maximum error between the results of reconstruction and simulation is 1.91%, which indicated that the agreement is great.
Magneto-optical spin Hall effect of light controlled by thermo-optical effect
Authors: Tang Tingting , Zhang Pengyu , Li Yuanxun , Li Chaoyang , Huang Xiaolei , Cao Yang , Wan Ming , Xiong Fei , Yao Haijun
Published: February 2021

In this paper, an experimental method of magneto-optical spin Hall effect of light (MOSHEL) based on thermo-optical control is designed. First, we design and implement a pilot experiment—the SHEL experiment controlled by thermo-optical. According to the experiment, it is concluded that the increase of the temperature of the thermo-optical medium will have an important influence on the corresponding thermo-optical spin Hall effect of light (TOSHEL). Accordingly, we designed a device that controls the SHEL in magneto-optical-thermo-optical (MO-TO) two-dimension that uses the thermo-optical effect to simultaneously control the intrinsic TOSHEL and MOSHEL.
A design of stretcher with auxiliary functions of lateral positioning and transferring for immobilized patients
Authors: Xiong Ying , Tang Xuehua , Shi Congcong , Yang Yang
Published: February 2021

For now, many hospitals that require nurses to move patients by hand from stretchers to a hospital bed, so a design of stretcher with auxiliary functions of lateral positioning and transferring for immobilized patients, which is a mechanical mechanism consisted of rigid rods, joints and sliders, was designed to help the nurses to move patients between beds and reduce their workload. Driven by motors, the rigid rods can be rotated, stretched or shortened so that the entire stretcher bed board can archive to a proper posture and position. In this paper, the following objectives will be achieved: (i) Create a schematic of the mechanism and describe the principles and functions (ii) the calculation of inverse kinematics, forward kinematics, dynamics (including energy), and PD control in the mechanism (iii) The motion process of simulating the mechanism using MATLAB (iv) Using MATLAB to create the plots of angle, torque, and position state (v) Using SolidWorks to construct the prototype and to implement the motion simulation of the mechanism (vi) Describe the practical application and future Extensions of this mechanism.
A gravity balancing assistant arm design in 3-D for rehabilitation of stroke patients
Authors: Shu Jianbo , Tang Xuehua , Niu Fan , Xia Changchun , Shi Congcong
Published: February 2021

A gravity balancing assistant arm design in 3-D is a mechanical mechanism consisted of springs, rigid rods, joints and sliders, which can be modified to the geometry and inertia of the arm of stroke patients. This mechanism is designed without any controllers and motors, based solely on mechanical principles, to achieve a relative balance of gravitational potential energy and elastic potential energy, thereby reducing the burden on the arm of a stroke patient to facilitate rehabilitation. To achieve this function, first, the center of gravity of the patient’s arm will be positioned, and then the mounting position of the spring on the assistant arm will be determined. In this paper, the following objectives will be achieved: (i) the calculation of the gravitational potential energy and the elastic potential energy in the mechanism (ii) the simplification of the potential energy equation and the elimination of the coefficient of the items related to the angle. (iii) The comparison between 2-D and 3-D cases of the mechanism. (iv) The motion process of simulating the mechanism using MATLAB (v) Using MATLAB to create the energy plots (vi) Using SolidWorks to construct the prototype of the mechanism (vii) Describe the practical application and future extensions of this mechanism.