bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les inscriptions de l'obélisque de Domitien (piazza Navona). État de la question
Authors: Bourgois Élise
Published: July 2024

L’obélisque situé aujourd’hui au centre de la piazza Navona est le seul vestige architectural inscrit au nom de Domitien à avoir échappé à la damnatio memoriae. Compris tantôt comme une démonstration de l’étendue du culte isiaque sous les Flaviens, tantôt comme un objet de propagande de l’avènement de Domitien, l’obélisque a été dressé dans un contexte archéologique qui reste inconnu (d’aucuns ont proposé l’Iseum Campense). Cette étude revient sur les inscriptions hiéroglyphiques de l’obélisque, afin d'actualiser celle qu'avaient proposée Erman et Grenier, en vue de présenter l’interprétation historique qui peut en être donnée.
La carte de référence de l'empire romain et son outil de travail moderne : étude de géographie historique de la Table de Peutinger et de la Carte de redressement d'Ernest Desjardins
Authors: Danneau Julien
Published: July 2024

La Table de Peutinger est considérée comme une référence pour la représentation de l’Empire romain et figure dans de nombreuses publications et communications comme support visuel « d’époque ». Néanmoins, comme toute carte ancienne, elle est un témoin du passé qui mérite d’être analysé avec précision selon des critères spécifiques (historiques et géographiques). Aussi, le but de cet article est justement une analyse de ladite carte. En second lieu, afin de juger de la pertinence de sa modernisation durant la seconde moitié du XXe siècle, nous avons procédé à une étude de la carte de redressement par le géographe et historien français Ernest Desjardins à la fin des années 1960. Leurs analyses respectives furent réalisées sur le plan historique et le plan géographique avant d’être confrontées l’une à l’autre selon les règles de la discipline de la géographie historique.
Доверие к манипулятивной информации: от восприятия к принятию решений
Authors: Монахова Элиана , Городничева Юлия Михайловна , Морозова Александра Николаевна , Шестакова Анна Николаевна , Моисеева Виктория Владимировна , Ключарев Василий Андреевич
Published: July 2024

Решения принимаются под сильным влиянием доступной информации. Растущий объем манипулятивного контента и новые технологии его производства потенциально создают высокие риски массовой дезориентации в информационном пространстве. Статья демонстрирует ключевые междисциплинарные подходы к изучению ряда важных категорий манипулятивной информации и технологическую эволюцию от распространенных медиаманипуляций (на примере медиафрейминга посредством эвфемизмов) к современным типам ложной информации (фейковые новости и дипфейки). Также рассматривается роль доверия к манипулятивной информации в контексте (а) источника, (б) содержания и (в) потребителя информационных манипуляций. Весь корпус междисциплинарных исследований показывает, что доверие к манипулятивному контенту и его влияние на процесс принятия решений зависит от определенного количества факторов данных категорий. Теоретический обзор не только объединяет результаты ключевых исследований по психологии, социологии и экономике, но и существенно расширяет понимание особенностей влияния манипулятивной информации в контексте быстрого развития новых технологий.
Благодарность. Работа выполнена в рамках Программы фундаментальных исследований НИУ ВШЭ.
(Не)равенство партнеров в принятии решений о работе, взаимоотношениях и семье. Рец. на кн.: Wong J.S. Equal Partners? How Dual-professional Couples Make Career, Relationship, and Family Decisions. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2023
Authors: Гудкова Татьяна Борисовна
Published: July 2024

Рецензия представляет ключевые идеи и выводы опубликованной в 2023 г. книги исследовательницы Жаклин Вонг «Равноправные партнеры? Как двухкарьерные пары принимают решения о работе, взаимоотношениях и семье». Книга представляет шестилетнее исследование 21 молодой американской пары в период, когда они начинали свою трудовую деятельность и вместе принимали решения об отношениях и родительстве. В результате были выявлены три варианта (или пути) принятия решений и их реализации в контексте работы и семьи в зависимости от степени эгалитарности: последовательный путь компромисса, путь автономного актора и традиционный путь. Сравнивая эти пути, автор приходит к выводу, что для достижения равенства в отношениях двухкарьерных пар необходимы три составляющие: структурные изменения, культурные установки в отношении гендера, семьи и работы, совместные действия партнеров. Если в какой-либо из этих сфер есть «слабые места», пары, скорее всего, столкнутся с гендерным неравенством в работе и семье.
Благодарность. Статья подготовлена в рамках Программы фундаментальных исследований НИУ ВШЭ.
Comparing Daily Time Use and Occupational Balance of Older Adults Living Alone and Not Living Alone in the Community: Focusing on the Data of the National Statistical Office Living Time Survey (2019)
Authors: Lim, Jihyun Lim, Jihyun , Kwon, Hyemin Kwon, Hyemin , Park, Nari Park, Nari , Cha, Tae-Hyun Cha, Tae-Hyun ,   The Korean Society of Occupational Therapy
Published: July 2024

Purpose: Using data from the “2019 Living Time Survey,” this study aims to determine the difference in daily time use between older adults living alone and not living alone in terms of occupational balance according to the nine tasks of OTPF-4.
Methods: Data regarding those aged 65 years old or older were extracted from the National Statistical Office and classified into those living alone and not living alone. The activity classification system was adjusted according to the Occupational Therapy Practice Framework (OTPF), and SPSS 29.0 was used for data analysis. Results: Results of the cross-analysis according to the use of activity type time showed that older adults living alone were more likely to have low activity, and those not living alone were more likely to have hyperactivity. Regarding the use of time for each occupational area, older adults living alone spent less time in daily life and work than those not living alone. Conclusion: This study’s findings can be used to develop inventions that balance work for older adults, thereby supporting healthy aging.
The Effect of Benson’s Relaxation Therapy on Stress Levels Among Medical Students Diponegoro University Who Were Working on a Thesis
Authors: Kesuma Erlangga Hadi , Purwoko Yosef , Muniroh Muflihatul , Wardani Natalia Dewi
Published: July 2024

Background: The prevalence of stress in final-year students who were working on a thesis was still quite high. Unmanaged stress could bring a negative impact on the students themselves. Benson’s relaxation therapy was a relaxation that combined deep breathing techniques with faith factor and had been known to reduce stress levels. This relaxation was easy to do, safe, and didn’t require a lot of time and money. Research related to the effect of Benson's relaxation on student stress levels was also still limited. Objective: To analyze the effect of Benson’s relaxation on stress levels in students of the Faculty of Medicine Diponegoro University who were working on a thesis. Methods: Quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design. This research involved 64 final-year medical students and divided into two groups. A consecutive sampling technique was performed. The experimental group (n=32) were instructed to do Benson’s relaxation therapy for 14 days, each day 2 session for 10 minutes, and the control group were instructed to not do any exercise and other relaxation. The stress levels was measured with the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Data’s significance was analyzed with paired sample T-test and independent sample T-test. Results: A significant decrease (p<0,001) in stress level before and after Benson relaxation, from 16,34 ± 6,91 to 11,31 ± 4,79. The post-test stress level of the experimental group (11,31 ± 4,79) was significantly (p=0,001) lower than the control group (16,09 ± 5,79). Meanwhile, there were no significant differences on the pre-test stress level between two groups (p=0,781). Conclusion: Benson’s relaxation reduced stress levels in students of the Faculty of Medicine Diponegoro University who were working on a thesis.
The Relationship of Risk Factors on Quality of Life of Laryngeal Carcinoma Patients after Chemoradiation at Kariadi General Hospital
Authors: Juneson Albert , Yusmawan Willy , Yunika Kanti , Kuntjoro RR Lydia Purna Widyastuti Setjadiningrat
Published: July 2024

Background: Laryngeal carcinoma is a carcinoma that forms in the tissue of the larynx. The cause of laryngeal carcinoma is not known with certainty, but many risk factors can cause laryngeal carcinomas, such as a history of smoking, alcohol consumption, gender, age, and exposure environment. The quality of life of patients with laryngeal carcinoma after chemoradiation can be influenced by several things, including several risk factors for laryngeal carcinoma. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the association of risk factors with the quality of life of laryngeal carcinoma patients after chemoradiation at Kariadi General Hospital. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study with samples of laryngeal carcinoma patients who have received chemoradiation therapy at Kariadi General Hospital. Sampling was carried out using a consecutive sampling technique using a Univesity of Washington Quality of Life (UW-QoL) questionnaire which was translated into Bahasa. The data from the sampling was then processed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 application. Results: Overall, the quality of life of laryngeal carcinoma patients after chemoradiation was categorized as “good” quality of life with a mean score of 62. There was no significant relationship (p<0.05) between the quality of life scores and each risk factor for laryngeal carcinoma. Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between risk factors on the quality of life of laryngeal carcinoma patients after chemoradiation at Kariadi General Hospital.
The effect combination of black seed (nigella sativa) and glibenclamide on blood glucose levels
Authors: Wardani Erika Martining , Nugroho Riezky Faisal
Published: July 2024

Background: Diabetes Mellitus was considered one of the most alarming pandemics of the twenty-first century before the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic. Glibenclamide (glyburide) is an anti-DM drug of the sulfonylurea class. Several studies have examined one of the medicinal plants, black seed (nigella sativa) as a complementary treatment in the control of DM.Objective: This study determine the effect of the combination of black seed (nigella sativa) and glibenclamide on reducing blood glucose levels.Methods: This research design was an experiment using a pretest posttest design with control group design. This study used 24 mice (mus muscullus) which were divided into 4 groups, namely a negative control group that was only given aquadest, a positive control group that was given alloxane as an induction of hyperglycemia and anti-DM drug glibenclamide, treatment group 1 was given aloxane and Black Seed, and treatment group 2 was given alloxane and a combination of black seed and glibenclamid. Data were analyzed using the Paired T Test with α = 0.05.Results: Blood glucose levels in the black seed and glibenclamid combination treatment group decreased significantly (p=0,00).Conclusion: the combination of black seed (nigella sativa) and glibenclamide is effective in lowering glucose levels.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CLIMATE VARIABLES AND DENGUE INCIDENCE IN WEST INDONESIA
Authors: Ghiffari Ahmad , Febriani Ratika , Mynanda Galuh Pratama , Prameswarie Thia
Published: July 2024

Background: Dengue fever is a major public health problem, especially in heavily populated metropolitan areas like Palembang City, Indonesia. Gaining insight into the impact of climatic conditions on the dynamics of dengue transmission is essential for guiding specific public health actions. Objective: The objective of this study is to examine the correlation between temperature, rainfall, wind speed, air humidity, and the occurrence of dengue disease in Palembang City. Methods: Using observational data collected from 2016 to 2019 and 2022, we applied bivariate analytic approaches to evaluate the associations between meteorological factors and the incidence of dengue disease. Results: The findings demonstrate a notable inverse relationship between temperature and the occurrence of dengue disease, although rainfall displayed a favorable relationship. The relationships between wind speed, air humidity, air pressure, and dengue fever incidence were shown to be weaker. Conclusion: These findings highlight the significance of utilizing meteorological factors in early warning systems to enhance disease surveillance and control measures in metropolitan environments. This work helps to the creation of evidence-based strategies for reducing the burden of dengue fever in locations where it is common by explaining the intricate connections between climatic conditions and the dynamics of dengue transmission.
Correlation between TGF-β Levels and Degree of Wound Healing in Leprosy Ulcer Patients: An Observational Study at dr. Rehatta Regional Hospital Jepara
Authors: Alfarizi Rizki , Yuniati Renni , Mundhofir Farmaditya Eka Putra , Wijayahadi Noor , Nindita Yora
Published: July 2024

Background: Ulcers are one form of chronic wounds as one form of complication experienced by leprosy sufferers. In the process of healing wounds such as ulcers, TGF-β has a broad role. Several studies have stated that in chronic wound conditions there is a decrease in TGF-β levels so that the wound is increasingly difficult to heal. This study aims to determine the relationship between TGF-β serum levels and the degree of ulcer wound healing. Methods: This study is an observational analysis study with a cross-sectional design and involved 33 leprosy ulcer patients undergoing treatment at the dr. Rehatta Jepara Hospital in the period March-April 2024. Serum TGF-β levels were measured using the Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method while the degree of wound healing was assessed by scoring the Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing (PUSH). Bivariate analysis using the Spearman Correlation Rank Test. Results: The correlation test between serum TGF-β levels and the degree of wound healing (p = 0.807) and duration of leprosy as covariate (p = 0.96) showed insignificant results. Conclusion: There is no relationship between serum TGF-β levels and the degree of wound healing and duration of leprosy.
Recent Updates of Stem Cell Therapy in Spontaneous Intracerebral Haemorrhage Patients: A Review Article
Authors: Niryana I Wayan , Wibawa Ida Bagus Adiguna , Kusuma Gede Febby Pratama
Published: July 2024

Background: Spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (sICH) is a severe neurological condition with high disability and mortality rates globally. Effective therapeutic strategies to overcome the acute and long-term problems caused by sICH are still lacking. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) therapy with the neuroprotective and neuroregenerative properties has the potential to overcome the complex brain injury mechanisms caused by sICH.Objective: This review highlights the recent pre-clinical and clinical findings about MSCs therapy in sICH case and their mechanisms in promoting neurological recovery.Methods: This is a literature review study. Study reports available from various accredited database such as PubMed and Google Scholar are collected using the following keywords: ((“stroke” or “intracerebral haemorrhage”)) and (“stem cell”).Results: Pre-clinical studies proved that MSCs therapy can resolved the secondary brain insult caused by sICH and improved the brain functional and clinical status. The clinical studies proved that MSCs therapy are safe and well tolerated in human bodies. There were also beneficial MSCs therapy effects in sICH patients. However, the clinical studies results were still lacking and some were inconclusive.Conclusion: The preclinical studies of stem cell therapy in spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage showed promising evidences and the potential of stem cell therapy for clinical use. However, the clinical studies were still lacking. Further clinical studies are needed to confirm the neuroprotective and neuroregenerative benefits of MSCs therapy from the pre-clinical studies.
Support Vector Machine, Naive Bayes, and Artificial Neural Network Back Propagation Comparison in Detecting Brain Tumor
Authors: Triadyaksa Pandji , Ahmad Harisma Zaini , Marhaendrajaya Indras
Published: July 2024

Brain tumors are abnormal tissue that grow uncontrolled and affect a patient's neurological function. Brain tumors come in different shapes and characteristics. Moreover, its location also differs for each patient. Brain tumors can be detected using machine learning algorithms using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images. However, a different machine-learning comparison is limited and needs further investigation. This study aims to compare three machine-learning methods, i.e., Support Vector Machine (SVM), Naive Bayes (NB), and Artificial Neural Network Back Propagation (ANN-BP) algorithms for detecting brain tumors. Before the comparison started, MRI image quality was enhanced by performing denoising, histogram equalization, and thresholding. After that, Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix feature extraction was performed. MRI brain images in JPEG format were acquired from an open-access database. One thousand brain tumor and 1000 normal tumor images are used as the training data, while 100 brain tumor and 100 normal tumor images are used as testing data. Each algorithm's accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC) are evaluated and reported. The study showed that the SVM algorithm acquired the highest performance in detecting brain tumors, followed by ANN-BP and NB. The highest accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and MCC values for testing in SVM were 98,75%, 98,22%, 99,30%, and 0,9751, respectively. Meanwhile, in testing, the highest accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and MCC values were 90.50%, 98.80%, 82.00%, and 0.8220, respectively. In conclusion, this study showed the superiority of the SVM algorithm in detecting brain tumor compared to ANN-BP and NB by performing image enhancement steps and GLCM feature extraction before its detection.
Comparison of the Cellular Composition of Two Different Chondrocyte-Seeded Biomaterials and the Results of Their Transplantation in Humans
Authors: Horák Martin , Handl M. , Podškubka A. , Kaňa R. , Adler J. , Povýšil C.
Published: July 2024

Our study compares the histological and immunohistochemical cellular composition of two different chondrocyte-seeded biomaterials and the results of their transplantation. Our study cohort included 21 patients, comprising 19 men and two women with a mean age of 32 years, who were affected by single chondral lesions of the femoral condyles. These patients were enrolled in our study and treated with arthroscopic implantation of the tissue Hyalograft C and/or Brno culture. Brno culture bioengineered with a fibrin-based scaffold contains round cells showing features of differentiated chondrocytes expressing S-100 protein and α-smooth muscle actin. In contrast, in the case of Hyalograft C, the scaffold was made up of a fibrillar network composed of biomaterial fibres of the esters of hyaluronic acid and cells resembling fibroblasts and myofibroblasts and expressing only α-smooth muscle actin. The average size of the defects was 2.5 cm2. Patients were evaluated using the standardized guidelines of the International Knee Documentation Committee. During the comparison of bioptic samples obtained from both patient cohorts, we did not observe any important differences in the histological makeup of the newly formed cartilage. This was predominantly composed of hyaline cartilage with small areas of fibrocartilage. The histological analysis of these two groups of homogeneous patients shows that this bioengineered approach, under proper indications, may offer favourable and stable clinical results over time, in spite of the different matrix and cellular composition of the two transplants used.
Efficient ELISA for Diagnosis of Active Tuberculosis Employing a Cocktail of Secretory Proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Tiwari D. , Tiwari R. P. , Chandra R. , Bisen P. S. , Haque Shafiul
Published: July 2024

Rapid and accurate diagnosis is important for preventing transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Currently available tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic methods lack desired sensitivity and specificity, and require sophisticated equipment and skilled workforce including weeks’ long duration to yield results. In this study, extracellular proteins or secretory protein antigens of M. tuberculosis H37Rv have been isolated using ion exchange chromatography, immunocharacterized and exploited for the development of efficient enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for diagnosis of active TB with enhanced specificity and sensitivity. Apparent molecular masses for purified proteins were found to be 6, 27, 30, 38 and 64 kDa. Out of five purified proteins, one (64 kDa) was found to be novel. Of the five proteins, four (6, 27, 30 and 38 kDa) were found significant to be used in the development of ELISA for pulmonary and extra-pulmonary TB. The immune responses of serum samples of TB patients and other healthy subjects against the above-mentioned antigens’ cocktail were evaluated. Critical parameters of newly developed ELISA were optimized and it was observed that the cocktail antigens have a greater specificity (98.06 %) and sensitivity (98.67 %) as compared to other commercially available diagnostic tests. The present findings suggest that the developed ELISA is an effective tool for routine screening and early-stage diagnosis of TB.
Genetic Testing in the Management of Relatives of Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Tomašov Pavol , Minárik M. , Zemánek D. , Čadová P. , Homolová S. , Čurila K. , Pěnička M. , Benešová L. , Belšánová B. , Gregor P. , Veselka J.
Published: July 2024

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the most common genetic cardiac disease with vast genetic heterogeneity. First-degree relatives of patients with HCM are at 50% risk of inheriting the disease-causing mutation. Genetic testing is helpful in identifying the relatives harbouring the mutations. When genetic testing is not available, relatives need to be examined regularly. We tested a cohort of 99 unrelated patients with HCM for mutations in MYH7, MYBPC3, TNNI3 and TNNT2 genes. In families with identified pathogenic mutation, we performed genetic and clinical examination in relatives to study the influence of genetic testing on the management of the relatives and to study the usefulness of echocardiographic criteria for distinguishing relatives with positive and negative genotype. We identified 38 genetic variants in 47 patients (47 %). Fifteen of these variants in 21 patients (21 %) were pathogenic mutations. We performed genetic testing in 52 relatives (18 of them (35 %) yielding positive results). Genetic testing of one HCM patient allowed us to omit 2.45–5.15 future cardiologic examinations of the relatives. None of the studied echocardiographic criteria were significantly different between the relatives with positive and negative genotypes, with the exception of a combined echocardiographic score (genotype positive vs. genotype negative, 3.316 vs. -0.489, P = 0.01). As a conclusion, our study of HCM patients and their relatives confirmed the role of genetic testing in the management of the relatives and found only limited benefit of the proposed echocardiographic parameters in identifying disease-causing mutation carriers.
A Dual Hilbert-space Formalism for Consciousness; Memory Experiments
Authors: Englman R. ,   Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel, Yahalom A. ,   Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
Published: July 2024

Inspired by works of W. H. Zurek and others, a mathematical, physical theory, entirely within a quantum mechanical formalism, is proposed for cognitive processes in terms of an abstract Hilbert-space for the conscious state that is an exact replica of the Hilbert-space for the neuronic physical state. Thus, any actual state of consciousness arises by its formal alignment (identification) with some-one in the set of the neuronic states, with the latter undergoing perpetual changes in the wake of life-long experiences. It is posited that these changes become expressed by an increase in the number of ordered, coherent neuronic states at the expense of the preordinal random neuronic states. Changes, transitions between states are induced by a Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudarshan-Lindblad formalism, which is also instrumental in the effect of the conscious state on bodily actions. The paradigmatic findings of R.N. Shepard (1958 - 2011) and of S. Sternberg (1966 - 2016) for long- and short-term recalls are interpreted within the model.
Optimal Power Flow on a 132kV Line with Service Potential Transformer Substations: A case study of Juja-Rabai Line
Authors: Kitheka Joel Mwithui ,   Department of Electrical and Information Engineering University of Nairobi, Nyete Abraham Mutunga , Moses Peter Musau , Abungu Nicodemus O. ,   Department of Electrical and Information Engineering University of Nairobi,   Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering South Eastern Kenya University,   Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Machakos University
Published: July 2024

Most growing countries in Africa are facing serious challenge of high power demand which is not matched with expansion of power generating units, power transmission network and Power distribution lines. This trend has led to frequent power outages due to over stressed transmission and distribution networks. Most countries have resorted to increase the number of thermal power plants to address the growing power demand. These power plants are highly reliable and secure but are faced by the ever increasing fuel prices. In order to maintain constant power supply and minimize the frequent power outages, its important to carryout optimal power flow in power system networks. Optimal power flow is an optimization method used to determine the most economical load flow in transmission lines that can address the existing power demand. In this research, minimization of fuel cost was used as the objective function. The generator power limits, voltage level limits and loadability limits of the transmission line were used as the constraints. The gradient method and co-ordination equations were used in determining the optimal power flow in the network that was adequate to address the power demand. A case study of Juja-rabai line was used in this analysis. The Rabai thermal power plant, Kipevu thermal power plant and Thika thermal power plant were used to supply the loads.The research considered existing loads along the transmission line, currently being supplied by existing conventional substations. The typical transmission line parameters were used in this study. Economic load dispatch neglecting line losses was first calculated followed by economic load dispatch considering transmission line losses. The power network was later modeled and simulated in PowerWorld software. This study revealed that generator one should supply 20 MW, generator two 37.5 Mw and generator three 12.5 MW. The study revealed the loadability limit of the line under economic load dispatch
Modification in Alcubierre Warp Drive Geometry to Preserve Positive Energy Density
Authors: Segman Yosef ,   Independent Researcher Israel
Published: July 2024

Alcubierre introduced the warp drive model in 1994. However, Alcubierre warp drive model resulted in negative energy density everywhere. The purpose of this paper is to show that with a small modification in the Alcubierre warp drive geometry, while keeping the warp drive bubble shape unchanged, we achieved a total positive energy density.
Obcy wśród swoich (I): nazywanie osób na podstawie procesów migracyjnych w Ukrainie w końcu XX i na początku XXI wieku
Authors: Redkwa Maria
Published: July 2024

Artykuł dotyczy rozpowszechnionej opozycji swój – obcy w nazewnictwie osób w języku ukraińskim na podstawie migracji końca XX – początku XXI wieku. Nazewnictwo osób w zależności od okoliczności pokazuje postawy i relacje między Ukraińcami, z jednej strony bliskich, swoich, a z drugiej – wykluczenie osób ze społeczności lub społeczeństwa z powodu pewnych czynników. Główne jednostki leksykalne używane, tworzone lub aktualizowane w nowych kontekstach pokazują zmiany w społeczeństwie oraz granice wewnątrz ukraińskiego społeczeństwa. Celem atykułu jest przedstawienie i analiza wybranych jednostek leksykalnych, sprawdzenie ich znaczenia w słownikach i porównanie zmiany lub poszerzenia znaczenia słów, ich nowej konotacji w nowych warunkach społecznych i politycznych. Badania pokazują znaczące zmiany w świadomości Ukraińców i ich postrzeganiu innych Ukraińców, którzy uczestniczą w procesach migracyjnych i nabywają cech obcych lub innych.
Słownictwo rzemiosł skórzanych w XIX-wiecznych ukraińsko-niemieckich słowniczkach Ilki Magury
Authors: Skurzewska Agata
Published: July 2024

The aim of the article is to present the lexicon of leather crafts recorded in Ilko Magura’s Ukrainian-German dictionaries dating back to the 1860s. The Ukrainian language material came from the Zhovkva district, within which the author’s hometown, Uhniv, was located. The inhabitants of this village had been engaged in leather crafts for centuries, primarily tanning and shoemaking. The 19th-century shoes called uhnivtsi were popular and famous throughout Galicia. Dictionaries are dominated by vocabulary related to the process of leather tanning and the subsequent production of shoes. It includes the names of craftsmen, tools and devices, shoe parts, materials and substances, for example, as well as activities. Through these records we learn the specialist vocabulary of leather crafts presented in the linguistic reality of the largest shoemaking center in 19th-century Galicia.
Definiowanie przestrzeni w powieści Wołodymyra Rafiejenki Petrykor – zapach ziemi po deszczu
Authors: Poliszczuk Jarosław
Published: July 2024

Autor rozpatruje powieść Wołodymyra Rafiejenki (ur. 1969) Petrykor – zapach ziemi po deszczu jako metaforę przestrzeni. Definiowanie przestrzeni w tej powieści odzwierciedla konflikt tożsamości i antynomię symbolicznych światów bohaterów. Wybór lokalizacji – Kijów, Do-nieck, Tarnopol, a także Wrocław, Praga, Berlin itd. – oddaje realia wojny rosyjsko-ukraińskiej, która zmusza ludzi do przesiedleń i emigracji. Ilustruje także wybór wolności i tożsamości europejskiej dokonywany przez bohaterów dzieła. Rzeczywista przestrzeń geograficzna i realistyczna warstwa opowieści łączą się z wirtualną, która ucieleśnia charakterystyczne imaginarium bohaterów. Specyfika powieści Rafiejenki przejawia się w połączeniu cech realistycznych i transcendentalnych.
Job Loss and Migration: Do Family Connections Matter?
Authors: Maczulskij Terhi
Published: July 2024

This paper utilizes administrative employer–employee data to analyze the effect of job loss on interregional migration and to study how family connections, related to childhood family members and birth region preferences, shape these location choices. The results reveal that job loss due to establishment closures increases the probability of interregional migration by nearly 80 %. While local family member connections and birth region preferences pose substantial obstacles to moving, they do not necessarily lead to relocation in response to job loss. Instead, displaced workers tend to migrate to non-birth regions where they have no observed family member connections, although higher economic gains in these regions may partly offset the loss of utility resulting from these factors.
Is Family-Priority Rule the Right Path? An Experimental Study of the Chinese Organ Allocation System
Authors: Li Danyang , Luo Jun , Ye Hang , Zheng Heng
Published: July 2024

China is experiencing an organ shortage crisis. We experimentally test the effectiveness of the family-priority allocation rule on organ donation and argue that such incentive would be highly motivating in Chinese family-oriented culture. Results of our experiment show that introducing the family-priority rule can not only increase donor registration but also promote family consent. Such priority rule would be particularly effective to increase deceased organ donation in China, as it will significantly promote donor registration and meanwhile generate a consistent higher family consent rate in a more family-orientated culture.
Biased Voluntary Nutri-Score Labeling
Authors: Schnedler Wendelin , Vigano Antonia
Published: July 2024

Food labels are supposed to quickly inform consumers about the nutritional values of products. We provide evidence that in a system where labels are voluntary, they are systematically distorted. The probability of finding a label on a product of the category with the highest nutritional value is 51 percentage points larger than in the lowest category.
Application of big data technology in emergency management platform informatization construction
Authors: Lin Meirong
Published: July 2024

The emergence of emergencies has impacted China’s politics, economy, and other aspects to varying degrees, seriously threatening social stability, economic development, and people’s happiness. The emergency management platform plays an important role in the handling of emergencies. The establishment of the emergency management platform can help leaders make correct decisions and reduce the impact of emergencies on the safety of people’s lives and property. However, some problems are gradually exposed in the process of establishing the emergency management platform. How to make it play its role better has become an important goal of platform informatization. With the advent of the big data era, big data technology has become a new way of information construction of emergency management platforms. This article mainly discussed the information construction of the emergency management platform. This article proposed to use big data technology to carry out the information construction of the emergency management platform and use the time series data mining algorithm based on the Artificial Neural Network to achieve the prediction function of the platform. The experimental results in this article showed that the prediction rate was 98.0% when the emergencies of the input platform were 50 and 99.0% when the emergencies of the input platform were 300. It can be seen that the emergency management platform designed in this article has a high ability to predict emergencies, so that emergency management measures can be taken in advance to reduce the occurrence of emergencies.
On fractional inequalities on metric measure spaces with polar decomposition
Authors: Kassymov Aidyn , Ruzhansky Michael , Zaur Gulnur
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we prove the fractional Hardy inequality on polarisable metric measure spaces.
The integral Hardy inequality for

1
<
p
≤
q
<
∞

1<p\leq q<\infty

is playing a key role in the proof.
Moreover, we also prove the fractional Hardy–Sobolev type inequality on metric measure spaces.
In addition, logarithmic Hardy–Sobolev and fractional Nash type inequalities on metric measure spaces are presented.
In addition, we present applications on homogeneous groups and on the Heisenberg group.
Exploring environmental awareness, knowledge, and safety: A comparative study among students in Montenegro and North Macedonia
Authors: Cvetković Vladimir M. , Sudar Srna , Ivanov Aleksandar , Lukić Tin , Grozdanić Goran
Published: July 2024

This comparative study aims to investigate environmental awareness, knowledge, and safety among students in Montenegro and North Macedonia, considering the unique socio-cultural and environmental contexts of both countries. A mixed-methods approach involving surveys and interviews was employed to gather data from students in educational institutions across Montenegro and North Macedonia. The study assessed various factors, including students’ awareness of environmental issues, their perceived level of knowledge, and their attitudes towards safety measures. A comprehensive series of 400 face-to-face interviews was carried out, and these interviews encompassed 200 students from Montenegro and an equal number from North Macedonia, taking place at two esteemed academic institutions: The University of Montenegro in Podgorica and The University of St. Clement of Ohrid, Bitola, Republic of North Macedonia. Our hypothetical conceptual framework proposes that a combination of variables, including gender (H1), age (H2), year of study (H3), and rate of study (H4), significantly influences the attitudes of students from Montenegro and North Macedonia towards environmental awareness, safety, and knowledge. Research findings indicate significant variations in environmental awareness and knowledge perception among students in the two countries. While both Montenegro and North Macedonia face environmental challenges, differences in educational systems and socio-economic factors contribute to distinct attitudes and behaviours towards environmental issues and safety practices. This study sheds light on the importance of understanding regional differences in environmental awareness and knowledge perception among students. By identifying areas of strength and areas needing improvement, policymakers and educators can develop targeted interventions to enhance environmental education and foster a culture of sustainability in both Montenegro and North Macedonia.
Aligning the education of medical students to healthcare in the UK
Authors: Chen Guangjie , Delves Peter J.
Published: July 2024

How can universities improve their ability to cultivate high-quality and innovative medical talent? The Ministry of Education in China is in the process of implementing the ‘Six Excellent and One Top-Notch’ Plan 2.0 with the aim of substantially revising the teaching of medicine. The United Kingdom (UK) and other countries around the world are also continuously aiming to innovate their medical teaching. With respect to medical education in China, the primary goal is to develop a new medical talent training system that meets future needs, with an emphasis on integration, innovation and interdisciplinary approaches. Here we mainly discuss medical student education systems in the UK with an emphasis on teaching philosophy, objectives, curriculum, and the various types of teaching delivery and assessment that are used in UK medical schools. Through in-depth review of the current situation of medical education in the UK, we hope to provide reference for the reform of the medical education system in China.
Operation enhancement of the H2 shaft furnace: a numerical study on the impact of N2 mixing in feed gas
Authors: Yu Shan , Shao Lei , Zou Zongshu
Published: July 2024

Focusing on improving the performance of the hydrogen (H2)-based direct reduction shaft furnace (HSF), the current work was undertaken to evaluate the potential benefits of an operation featuring nitrogen (N2) mixing in feed gas using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model that describes the in-furnace gas-solid countercurrent reactive flows. A set of simulation cases was carried out under different N2 flow rates and top pressures. Variation in the latter operating parameter was conducted with the intent to mitigate the issue of H2 dilution caused by N2 mixing. The results showed that the in-furnace thermochemical state deteriorates if the N2 flow rate is inadequate. The state is gradually improved by increasing the N2 flow rate as more sensible heat is delivered into the process, thereby resulting in better degrees of solid reduction and H2 utilization. An increase in the top pressure gives rise to higher gas density that enhances the driving force and thus facilitates the reduction reaction. A higher solid reduction degree is consequently achieved by elevating the top pressure. When the top pressure exceeds 5.0 atm, however, the increase in solid reduction degree becomes marginal, while the energy required for compressing the feed gas continues to rise linearly.
Investigation on NO and N2O emissions characteristics in deep peak regulation circulating fluidized bed boilers
Authors: An Fengxia , Zhang Yiwen , Le Lingyan , Yu Ying , Shen Fanhui , Yang Kang , Hu Haitao , Ye Fan , Wang Hui
Published: July 2024

To adapt to the increasing proportion of new energy power generation capacity, coal power must transition from its traditional role as the primary power source to serving as a fundamental backup and system regulation energy source. The circulating fluidized bed technology is known for its wide range of load regulation capabilities; however, emissions of pollutants during load regulation can exhibit significant variability. This study utilized Aspen Plus software to develop a circulating fluidized bed combustion model based on a gas-solid fluid dynamics model, an equivalent coal pyrolysis model, and a multi-phase macroscopic combustion reaction dynamics model of pyrolysis products. This model was used to predict both the temperature distribution within the furnace chamber and the distribution of pollutant concentrations. Predictions of pollutant emissions from 100 % load to 30 % load of the circulating fluidized bed were explored under the original combustion condition and 5 % proportion of recirculated flue gas. Under the primary combustion condition, the emission concentration of NO
x
showed a decreasing and then increasing trend with decreasing load, while the concentration of nitrous oxide, in contrast to NO
x
, showed an increasing and then decreasing trend. The effect of recirculated flue gas on pollutant emissions was not significant at reduced loads. This study aims to provide technical support and theoretical guidance for the management of pollutant emissions from the deep peak regulation of actual circulating fluidized beds.
Investigating EFL oral production in a technology mediated TBLT context
Authors: Albarqi Ghadah
Published: July 2024

In the rapidly expanding domain of online learning, investigating the effectiveness of technology-mediated task-based language teaching (TBLT) in improving English as a Foreign Language (EFL) oral production becomes paramount. Therefore, the present study was conducted over two months to examine how EFL learners’ oral production, measured by complexity, accuracy, and fluency (CAF), changed throughout technology-mediated TBLT instructions. This study also examined how the relationships among CAF aspects evolved. A cohort of 38 EFL learners underwent a series of oral tasks at the beginning and end of the study period, and repeated measures and correlation analyses were employed to analyse the data. The findings showed significant improvement in EFL learners’ speech rate and accuracy of their utterances after two months. Moreover, the data indicated that fluency features were intricately connected with other CAF dimensions, whereas accuracy, lexical diversity, and syntactic complexity exhibited independent development. The identification of long-term relationships among certain CAF aspects provided valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms of EFL speech production. The results of this study have significant implications for both research and practice within the domain of technology-mediated TBLT.
Current philosophical perspectives on drug approval in the real world
Authors: Landes Jürgen , Auker-Howlett Daniel J.
Published: July 2024

The evidence-based medicine approach to causal medical inference is the dominant account among medical methodologists. Competing approaches originating in the philosophy of medicine seek to challenge this account. In order to see how successful these challenges are, we need to assess the performance of all approaches in real world medical inference. One important real world problem all approaches could be applied to is the assessment of drugs for approval by drug regulation agencies. This study assesses the success of the status quo against an empirical non-systematically obtained body of evidence and we scrutinise the alternative approaches from the armchair, contemplating how they would fare in the real world. We tentatively conclude that the status quo is regularly not successful at its primary task as it regularly fails to correctly assess effectiveness and safety and suggest that this is due to inherent factors of the “messy real world.” However, while all alternatives hold promise, they are at least as susceptible to the real world issues that beset the status quo. We also make recommendations for changes to current drug approval procedures, identify lacunae to fill in the alternatives, and finally, call for a continuation of the development of alternative approaches to causal medical inference and recommendations for changes to current drug approval procedures.
Pancreatic extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: a key technology truly improves treatment model for pancreatic stones
Authors: Yi Jinhui , Xu Jinjie , Hu Lianghao
Published: July 2024

Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is characterized by irreversible destruction of pancreatic parenchyma, inflammatory cell infiltration and progressive fibrosis of pancreatic tissue. Obstruction of pancreatic duct by pancreatic stone is the common pathological change in the course of CP with the incidence of over 50 % at the diagnosis of CP. These ductal stones would cause pancreatic parenchymal hypertension and local ischemia, which was eventually followed by recurrent episodes of painful pancreatitis or other manifestations of pancreatic exocrine and endocrine insufficiency. Removing pancreatic stones has been confirmed as the core to reduce pressure, improve drainage and lessen pain. Surgical therapy achieves satisfying pain relief with more complications, higher cost and less repeatability compared with endoscopic therapy. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, which used to be the standard endoscopic therapy for pancreatic stones, would fail if these stones are large or complex, while pancreatic extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (P-ESWL), which has been applied since 1987, could overcome this problem. Up to now, a large number of guidelines have recommended the P-ESWL as the first-line treatment strategy for radiopaque obstructive main pancreatic duct stones larger than 5 mm located in the head/body of the pancreas, and P-ESWL had completely changed the traditional treatment model for CP patients with pancreatic stones. In this article, we will focus on the technical progress, efficacy, safety and potential research areas of P-ESWL, we also give us suggestions for lithotripters improvement.
Overview of marine radionuclides from sampling to monitoring
Authors: Sagadevan Suresh , Juan Joon Ching
Published: July 2024

Radioactive materials may contain primordial radionuclides, and radionuclides of anthropogenic, nuclear accident, and waste disposal which are present in marine environments. This review explores various approaches for the effective sampling and detection of marine radionuclides. The different types of samples that can be collected, including water, sediment, biota, and suspended particulate matter are discussed. Additionally, this paper discusses the various analytical techniques employed for radionuclide detection, such as gamma spectrometry and radiochemical separation. The review emphasizes the importance of choosing appropriate sampling and detection methods based on the specific radionuclides, environmental conditions, and the desired level of sensitivity. It also highlights the challenges associated with their sampling and detection in complex marine environments. These include low radionuclide concentrations, interference from natural matrices, and contamination risks.