bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Plant Serpins: Potential Inhibitors of Serine and Cysteine Proteases with Multiple Functions
Authors: Ferreira Monaliza Macêdo , Santos Ariana Silva , Santos Adriadna Souza , Zugaib Maria , Pirovani Carlos Priminho
Published: October 2023

Plant serpins are a superfamily of protein inhibitors that have been continuously studied in different species and have great biotechnological potential. However, despite ongoing studies with these inhibitors, the biological role of this family in the plant kingdom has not yet been fully clarified. In order to obtain new insights into the potential of plant serpins, this study presents the first systematic review of the topic, whose main objective was to scrutinize the published literature to increase knowledge about this superfamily. Using keywords and the eligibility criteria defined in the protocol, we selected studies from the Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. According to the eligible studies, serpins inhibit different serine and non-serine proteases from plants, animals, and pathogens, and their expression is affected by biotic and abiotic stresses. Moreover, serpins like AtSerpin1, OSP-LRS, MtSer6, AtSRP4, AtSRP5, and MtPiI4, act in resistance and are involved in stress-induced cell death in the plant. Also, the system biology analysis demonstrates that serpins are related to proteolysis control, cell regulation, pollen development, catabolism, and protein dephosphorylation. The information systematized here contributes to the design of new studies of plant serpins, especially those aimed at exploring their biotechnological potential.
PCN/BiOCl Polymer-Based Heterojunction with Rich Chlorine Defects for Photocatalytic Amine Oxidation
Authors: Xu Guichuan , Wang Zhuhan , Chen Yefeng , Qin Li , Zhou Limei
Published: October 2023

Porous carbon nitride/bismuth oxychloride (PCN/BiOCl-x) polymer-based heterojunction photocatalysts were successfully synthesized via a simple in situ hydrothermal method. A PCN/BiOCl heterojunction with rich chlorine defects is prepared by adjusting the chlorine content of the BiOCl unit in the heterojunction by changing the solvent. The as-prepared catalysts were characterized via BET, SEM, TEM, XRD, XPS and optical testing, and they were used for a photocatalytic amine oxidation reaction. The results indicated that the catalytic performance of the PCN/BiOCl heterojunction was significantly enhanced due to the rich chlorine vacancies in the samples. The enhanced catalytic activity may be attributed to the Z-scheme heterojunction, abundant chlorine defects and large specific surface area. At the same time, the catalyst circulation experiment shows that the PCN/BiOCl heterojunction has good circulation performance.
Effect of Graphene Oxide-Modified CaAl-Layered Double Hydroxides on the Carbon Dioxide Permeation Properties of Fluoroelastomers
Authors: Cong Chuanbo , Peng Daigang , Liu Qingkun , Yuan Mingyang , Meng Xiaoyu , Zhou Qiong
Published: October 2023

This work aimed to investigate the CO2 gas barrier and mechanical properties of fluorine rubber nanocomposites filled with Ca/Al layered hydroxide (graphene oxide [GO]/LDH-Ca2Al) modified by GO. GO/LDH-Ca2Al nanocomposite fillers were prepared by depositing Ca/Al layered hydroxide (LDH-Ca2Al) into the surface of alkalized GO (Al-GO). The prepared GO/LDH-Ca2Al nanocomposite fillers and complexes were characterized by Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for structural and micromorphological characterization. The results showed that GO/LDH-Ca2Al was successfully prepared with strong interactions between Al-GO and LDH, and the compatibility of GO/LDH-Ca2Al nanocomposite fillers with the polymer was significantly improved compared with that of LDH-Ca2Al. Consequently, both the fracture strength (σb) and strain (εb) of GO/LDH-Ca2Al nanocomplexes remarkably increased, and they exhibited excellent mechanical properties. Differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis were used to characterize the thermal stability of GO/LDH-Ca2Al nanocomposite fillers, and GO/LDH-Ca2Al nanocomposite fillers have better thermal stability than LDH-Ca2Al. The reaction products (S-LDH-Ca2Al and S-GO-Ca2Al) of LDH-Ca2Al and GO/LDH-Ca2Al with CO2 were characterized using XRD and TGA, respectively, and the results show that LDH-Ca2Al reacts readily and chemically with CO2, resulting in a lower diffusion coefficient of CO2 in the LDH-Ca2Al nanocomplexes than that of the GO/LDH-Ca2Al nanocomplexes and leading to the destruction of the laminar structure of LDH-Ca2Al, while GO/LDH-Ca2Al has better CO2 resistance stability. GO/LDH-Ca2Al nanocomplexes exhibited a reduced content of hydroxyl groups with pro-CO2 nature exposed on the surface of LDH-Ca2Al, improving the interfacial interaction between the nanofillers and the rubber matrix and enhancing the dispersion of GO/LDH-Ca2Al in the polymers. Moreover, CO2 in the soluble GO/LDH-Ca2Al nanocomposites was significantly reduced, while the diffusion properties demonstrated weak temperature dependence on solubility. The mechanism of the CO2 gas barrier of polymers filled with GO/LDH-Ca2Al was proposed on the basis of the Arrhenius equation.
Adsorption–Desorption Process to Separate Dyes from Tanning Wastewaters
Authors: Trucillo Paolo , Lancia Amedeo , Di Natale Francesco
Published: October 2023

Wastewater production is a major environmental issue for the leather and textile industries: in a modern plant, several synthetic dyes are used in separated coloring batches whose wastewaters are usually mixed, diluted with other process water streams, and sent to a unique wastewater treatment plant. This includes specific physical and biochemical tertiary treatments to remove dyes efficiently. One of the main difficulties of these processes is the presence of multiple dyes, which cannot be treated with the same efficiency as a “wide-spectrum” process. This work explores the possibility of using conventional granular activated carbon (GAC) and a new polyurethane foam (PUF) for the adsorption of an acid red dye in the wastewater of a specific coloring batch of the tanning industry. The aim of this work is twofold: on the one hand, we aim to explore the performance of the new PUF sorbent; on the other hand, we aim to explore the possibility of using adsorption as an optimized pre-treatment for single-dye batches, which may take advantage of the presence of a single type of target dye and its higher concentration. The effluent is then sent to the wastewater treatment plant for further depuration.
Digital Twin of a Hydraulic System with Leak Diagnosis Applications
Authors: Gómez-Coronel Leonardo , Santos-Ruiz Ildeberto , Torres Lizeth , López-Estrada Francisco-Ronay , Gómez-Peñate Samuel , Escobar-Gómez Elías
Published: October 2023

This paper presents the design and development of a digital twin to diagnose leaks in water distribution networks. The digital twin allows for the remote operation of the hydraulic system’s actuators using embedded microcontrollers integrated with Internet of Things (IoT) capabilities. Pressure head and flow rate measurements are received online in the operator interface, and hydraulic simulations are performed with a well-calibrated EPANET model of the hydraulic system to estimate the pressure head at nodes without sensors. A genetic algorithm was designed to detect and estimate the size of the leaks online. Different experiments were carried out to validate the online application of the method based on the digital twin and under a multi-leak event.
An Extensive Analysis of the Engineering Design of Underground Sewage Plants in China
Authors: Giwa Abdulmoseen Segun , Ali Nasir
Published: October 2023

In recent years, underground sewage treatment plants that can remarkably reduce land occupation with less environmental pollution are gradually entering the popular consciousness and are now being used widely. However, problems associated with the traditional treatment plants, such as high construction and operation cost, severe health and safety risks, and monotonous landscape design have limited their value and restricted their application and promotion. Through the literature and field investigations, the value of underground sewage treatment plants (STPs) was analyzed, their engineering and landscape design were studied, and their development direction was explored in order to supply a theoretical basis for further application and development of underground STPs. The analysis showed that as a new model of environmentally friendly sewage treatment and resource conservation, underground STPs have the apparent advantages of lower cost of land use for construction and pipeline as well as an outstanding value for the urban landscape and ecological environment. These factors can offset its relatively high construction and operating costs to a certain extent, especially when compared with above-ground STPs. The engineering design study results showed that significant differences existed between underground STPs and traditional above-ground STPs, and that the main contents of the engineering design of underground STPs consist of treatment scale and degree, influent and effluent qualities, site selection, design model, underground arrangement and structure, main treatment process, monomer structure, ventilation and deodorization, daylighting and artificial lightings, fire safety, operation and maintenance, and the linkage design between the above-ground landscape and the underground STP.
Neurology Meets Theology: Charles Sherrington’s Gifford Lectures Then and Now
Authors: Flannery Michael A.
Published: October 2023

Charles Scott Sherrington (1857–1952) is widely acclaimed as the most important neurophysiologist in history. He became a legend in his own time, coined the term “synapse”, and in 1932 received the Nobel Prize in medicine for his discoveries on the function of neurons. By the time he presented the Gifford Lectures 1937–38, he represented the best that science had to offer on behalf of the relationship of the mind to the natural world. The lectures, including one never publicly presented, were published as Man on His Nature (1941). Here neurology meets theology at the busy and often treacherous intersection of science and religion. Examining Sherrington’s views in some detail, the standard rendering of Sherrington as a theist cannot be sustained by their contents; he ends up as at least a humanist and perhaps an atheist. Views by neurologists and philosophers of mind some seventy to eighty years later are compared and contrasted with Sherrington’s. Although expectations of a materialist/reductionist answer to the mind/body problem have not been realized, neuroscientist Raymond Tallis appears as a parallel figure to Sherrington: both are clearly naturalistic humanists. A theistic response is presented addressing the mind/body problem from a hylomorphic process theology perspective, along with some comments regarding natural theology in general. In the end, this essay has two complementary aims: (1) to relocate Sherrington’s neurotheology—if it can be called that—in a more appropriate historiographical category; and (2) to offer a viable answer to the mind/body problem.
Hungarian Clergywomen’s Careers in the Church
Authors: Török Emőke , Biró Emese
Published: October 2023

After half a century of formal equality regarding ministry in Protestant churches, female leaders have become increasingly common in Protestant churches in Western Europe and North America. However, in Hungary—and in East-Central Europe in general—women leaders are typically absent. Based on in-depth interviews with clergywomen, our study, which has focused on clergywomen’s aspirations and choices, explores the reasons why women’s church careers in Hungary will stop progressing at a certain point. We argue that by adapting to the traditional gender beliefs typical in Hungarian churches, clergywomen’s choices contribute to the maintenance of the existing gender order rather than challenge it Nevertheless, through their growing presence and the way in which they minister, Hungarian clergywomen have gradually expanded women’s opportunities in the church, albeit mostly unintentionally, by following a special way of emancipation: ‘norm-following emancipation’. This way of emancipation legitimizes women in the ministry but does not promote women in leadership roles.
Christian Responses to Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy and Potential Religious and Spiritual Experiences
Authors: Macallan Brian Claude
Published: October 2023

This paper explores Christian responses to religious and spiritual experiences (RSEs) associated with psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT). It addresses the challenges of defining and understanding spiritual and religious experiences and examines the theological implications of PAT-induced RSEs. It highlights the growing acceptance of PAT as a therapeutic approach and its potential benefits for mental health. It also discusses the occurrence of RSEs in individuals undergoing such therapy. In response to these experiences, I propose four possible Christian perspectives: viewing RSEs as illusions, perceiving them as inherently evil, considering them as encounters with the Christian God, or acknowledging their reality while recognizing their broader occurrence beyond the Christian tradition. The paper emphasizes the importance of active dialog and collective responses within the Christian community to avoid hindering individuals seeking mental health relief through PAT. By engaging with these theological questions, Christians can navigate the complexities and potential benefits of RSEs in the context of psychedelic-assisted therapy.
The Role of the Virtue of Religiosity in the Experience of Engagement
Authors: Gwoździewicz Tomasz
Published: October 2023

For believers, a decision to enter sacramental marriage is one of the most important steps in their lives. They prepare for it over the engagement period. This is a time of personal formation open to further improvement, in which religion plays an important role. Religiosity is the moral virtue by which man honours God. The bride and groom-to-be bring the experience of their own religiosity to the relationship, which allows for mutual enrichment and positive confrontation. The aim of this research is to show the influence of religiosity on the building of the engagement bond and its subsequent impact on the nuptial community. The paper is of a theoretical and empirical nature and belongs to the area of moral theology. This research includes the conclusions of empirical studies conducted in Poland. The method of source material analysis applied in this paper allows for a synthesis that shows the complexity of the phenomenon, with special attention paid to the aretology of the analysed issue. The synthesis offers concrete solutions for future brides and grooms, as well as those responsible for preparing for the sacrament of marriage. It reaffirms the need to form a mature religiosity during the engagement period. It encourages certain religious forms that serve to build a relationship with God and enable the bride and groom to better relate to each other. An important dimension of properly experienced religiosity is its formative character that enables one to make appropriate moral choices.
The Emerging Role of Plant-Based Building Materials in the Construction Industry—A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Boros Anita , Tőzsér Dávid
Published: October 2023

The emergence of plant-based building materials is supported by several factors, such as shortages, adverse effects, and quality deficits of conventional resources, strict legislative frameworks targeting the realization of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and growing environmental awareness on the individual and stakeholder levels. To support these findings, this paper aimed to assess the relevance of these green materials in the construction industry and highlight the most widespread and thoroughly studied plant-based compounds in the literature, using bibliometric analysis. By evaluating 977 publications from 453 sources, the results show that the total number of relevant papers has increased yearly, while most belonged to the engineering discipline. Most articles were dedicated to one or more of the SDGs, which was confirmed by the more comprehensive representation and elaboration of “green”, “environmental”, and “sustainability” aspects regarding the topics of “materials” and “building” as the most frequent terms. Additionally, a wide range of plant-based building materials are thoroughly evaluated in the literature; these are primarily used to improve conventional materials’ mechanical properties, while many are also tested as substitutes for conventional ones. In conclusion, the green transition in the construction industry is aided by the scientific community by proposing plant-based supplements and alternatives to well-known materials and practices; however, further in-depth studies are needed to verify the applicability of such novelties to gain uniform acceptance and foster the expansion of sustainability initiatives in the sector.
A Task-Risk Consistency Object Detection Framework Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Wen Jiazheng , Liu Huanyu , Li Junbao
Published: October 2023

A discernible gap has materialized between the expectations for object detection tasks in optical remote sensing images and the increasingly sophisticated design methods. The flexibility of deep learning object detection algorithms allows the selection and combination of multiple basic structures and model sizes, but this selection process relies heavily on human experience and lacks reliability when faced with special scenarios or extreme data distribution. To address these inherent challenges, this study proposes an approach that leverages deep reinforcement learning within the framework of vision tasks. This study introduces a Task-Risk Consistent Intelligent Detection Framework (TRC-ODF) for object detection in optical remote sensing images. The proposed framework designs a model optimization strategy based on deep reinforcement learning that systematically integrates the available information from images and vision processes. The core of the reinforcement learning agent is the proposed task-risk consistency reward mechanism, which is the driving force behind the optimal prediction allocation in the decision-making process. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed framework, multiple sets of empirical evaluations are conducted on representative optical remote sensing image datasets: RSOD, NWPU VHR-10, and DIOR. When applying the proposed framework to representative advanced detection models, the mean average precision (mAP@0.5 and mAP@0.5:0.95) is improved by 0.8–5.4 and 0.4–2.7, respectively. The obtained results showcase the considerable promise and potential of the TRC-ODF framework to address the challenges associated with object detection in optical remote sensing images.
Review of Energy Management Methods for Fuel Cell Vehicles: From the Perspective of Driving Cycle Information
Authors: Wang Wei , Hao Zhuo , Qu Fufan , Li Wenbo , Wu Liguang , Li Xin , Wang Pengyu , Ma Yangyang
Published: October 2023

Energy management methods (EMMs) utilizing sensing, communication, and networking technologies appear to be one of the most promising directions for energy saving and environmental protection of fuel cell vehicles (FCVs). In real-world driving situations, EMMs based on driving cycle information are critical for FCVs and have been extensively studied. The collection and processing of driving cycle information is a fundamental and critical work that cannot be separated from sensors, global positioning system (GPS), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), intelligent transportation system (ITS) and some processing algorithms. However, no reviews have comprehensively summarized the EMMs for FCVs from the perspective of driving cycle information. Motivated by the literature gap, this paper provides a state-of-the-art understanding of EMMs for FCVs from the perspective of driving cycle information, including a detailed description for driving cycle information analysis, and a comprehensive summary of the latest EMMs for FCVs, with a focus on EMMs based on driving pattern recognition (DPR) and driving characteristic prediction (DCP). Based on the above analysis, an in-depth presentation of the highlights and prospects is provided for the realization of high-performance EMMs for FCVs in real-world driving situations. This paper aims at helping the relevant researchers develop suitable and efficient EMMs for FCVs using driving cycle information.
End-to-End Premature Ventricular Contraction Detection Using Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Kraft Dimitri , Bieber Gerald , Jokisch Peter , Rumm Peter
Published: October 2023

In Holter monitoring, the precise detection of standard heartbeats and ventricular premature contractions (PVCs) is paramount for accurate cardiac rhythm assessment. This study introduces a novel application of the 1D U-Net neural network architecture with the aim of enhancing PVC detection in Holter recordings. Training data comprised the Icentia 11k and INCART DB datasets, as well as our custom dataset. The model’s efficacy was subsequently validated against traditional Holter analysis methodologies across multiple databases, including AHA DB, MIT 11 DB, and NST, as well as another custom dataset that was specifically compiled by the authors encompassing challenging real-world examples. The results underscore the 1D U-Net model’s prowess in QRS complex detection, achieving near-perfect balanced accuracy scores across all databases. PVC detection exhibited variability, with balanced accuracy scores ranging from 0.909 to 0.986. Despite some databases, like the AHA DB, showcasing lower sensitivity metrics, their robust, balanced accuracy accentuates the model’s equitable performance in discerning both false positives and false negatives. In conclusion, while the 1D U-Net architecture is a formidable tool for QRS detection, there’s a clear avenue for further refinement in its PVC detection capability, given the inherent complexities and noise challenges in real-world PVC occurrences.
Skill-Learning Method of Dual Peg-in-Hole Compliance Assembly for Micro-Device
Authors: Wu Yuting , Zhang Juan , Yang Yi , Wu Wenrong , Du Kai
Published: October 2023

For the dual peg-in-hole compliance assembly task of upper and lower double-hole structural micro-devices, a skill-learning method is proposed. This method combines offline training in a simulation space and online training in a realistic space. In this paper, a dual peg-in-hole model is built according to the results of a force analysis, and contact-point searching methods are provided for calculating the contact force. Then, a skill-learning framework is built based on deep reinforcement learning. Both expert action and incremental action are used in training, and a reward system considers both efficiency and safety; additionally, a dynamic exploration method is provided to improve the training efficiency. In addition, based on experimental data, an online training method is used to optimize the skill-learning model continuously so that the error caused by the deviation in the offline training data from reality can be reduced. The final experiments demonstrate that the method can effectively reduce the contact force while assembling, improve the efficiency and reduce the impact of the change in position and orientation.
Long-Term Electrode–Skin Impedance Variation for Electromyographic Measurements
Authors: Sousa Andreia , Noites Andreia , Vilarinho Rui , Santos Rubim
Published: October 2023

This study aims to observe the evolution of the electrode–skin interface impedance of surface EMG electrodes over the time taken to determine the time of stabilization. Eight healthy subjects participated in the study. Electrode–skin impedance was evaluated in the rectus abdominal muscle every five minutes, over a total period of 50 min. A reduction of 13.23% in the impedance values was observed in minute 10 (p = 0.007), and a reduction of 9.02% was observed in minute 15 (p = 0.029). No statistically significant differences were observed in the other instants evaluated. The findings obtained in the present study demonstrate a decrease in electrode–skin impedance from minute 5 to minute 15, followed by a stabilization period with a low percentage of variation till minute 50.
Quantitative Electroencephalography: Cortical Responses under Different Postural Conditions
Authors: Ivaldi Marco , Giacometti Lorenzo , Conversi David
Published: October 2023

In this study, the alpha and beta spectral frequency bands and amplitudes of EEG signals recorded from 10 healthy volunteers using an experimental cap with neoprene jacketed electrodes were analysed. Background: One of the main limitations in the analysis of EEG signals during movement is the presence of artefacts due to cranial muscle contraction; the objectives of this study therefore focused on two main aspects: (1) validating a tool capable of decreasing movement artefacts, while developing a reliable method for the quantitative analysis of EEG data; (2) using this method to analyse the EEG signal recorded during a particular motor activity (bi- and monopodalic postural control). Methods: The EEG sampling frequency was 512 Hz; the signal was acquired on 16 channels with monopolar montage and the reference on Cz. The recorded signals were processed using a specifically written Matlab script and also by exploiting open-source software (Eeglab). Results: The procedure used showed excellent reliability, allowing for a significant decrease in movement artefacts even during motor tasks performed both with eyes open and with eyes closed. Conclusions: This preliminary study lays the foundation for correctly recording EEG signals as an additional source of information in the study of human movement.
Socio-Labour Inclusion of Low-Income Women in the Digital Economy: A Comparison between Corporate and Cooperative Domestic Work Platforms
Authors: Kasparian Denise , Súnico Agustina , Grasas Julieta , Cófreces Julia
Published: October 2023

It is often argued that digital labour platforms entail an expansion of opportunities for women for several reasons. They facilitate the balance between paid work and household chores as a result of time flexibility, they eliminate entry and permanence barriers for typically male work sectors, they enable economic independence, and they favour the creation of professional networks. Several studies, however, have shown that the wage gap, the sexual division of labour, occupational segregation, and gender stereotypes still persist. Hence, to what extent do the new forms of labour mediated by digital platforms lead to an expansion of opportunities for women? This article analyses the socio-labour inclusion of low-income women in digital labour platforms by contrasting the model of corporate platforms against the emerging alternative of platform cooperatives. The movement of platform cooperativism advocates for the creation of platform companies based on democratic ownership and governance models that reduce inequalities in a broad sense. The methodological approach is based on the comparison of two platforms: Zolvers, which was founded in 2013 with headquarters in Argentina and which operates as an intermediary or marketplace between those who offer and those who require home cleaning services, and Up & Go, which was founded in 2017 in New York and is owned by six worker cooperatives that use the platform to offer various services on demand, particularly home cleaning services. Whereas Zolvers offers job opportunities with possibilities of formalisation but no guarantee of stability, Up & Go is owned and managed by worker cooperatives that seek to guarantee living wages for their worker-members. Concerning working conditions, Zolvers reproduces power asymmetries of domestic work, subordinating workers to the platform and the hirers. On the contrary, Up & Go empowers women workers to decide on their schedules and hirers, among other issues. Finally, whereas Zolvers does not enable the participation of workers either in governance or in technology design, the cooperative nature of Up & Go promotes their involvement.
Assessment of the CO2 Geological Storage Potential of Yanchang Shale Gas Formation (Chang7 Member) Considering the Capillary Sealing Capability of Caprock
Authors: Sun Xiao , Cheng Qi , Tang Jiren , Guo Xing , Jia Yunzhong , Mu Jingfu , Zhao Guilin , Liu Yalu
Published: October 2023

Reducing net carbon emissions is of great significance for sustainability. Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology is regarded as one of the most effective approaches to reducing net carbon emissions. A prerequisite for the implementation of the CO2 geological storage project is the assessment of the storage potential of the storage site. In this study, a calculation method of storage potential was proposed to estimate the CO2 storage potential of the Yanchang shale gas reservoir in the Ordos Basin, China. In this method, the CO2 sealing capability of the caprock is taken into account, which determines the maximum CO2 storage pressure of the reservoir. The overall CO2 storage potential consists of four types of storage states (free-state, adsorption, dissolution, and mineralization). The maximum CO2 storage pressure of the Yanchang shale gas reservoir is 13.4 MPa via breakthrough pressure experiments, and the corresponding theoretical storage potential is 7.59 × 1011 t. The potential for free-state, adsorption, dissolution, and mineralization sequestration are 8.42 × 1010 t, 6.88 × 1010 t, 2.45 × 109 t, and 6.05 × 1011 t, respectively. Due to the difficulty in completing mineralization within the engineering time scale, the mineralization potential should not be taken into account when estimating the available CO2 storage potential. The available CO2 potential (including free-state, adsorption, and dissolution) of the Yanchang shale gas reservoir is 1.54 × 1011 t, which is a considerable amount. The Yanchang shale gas formation will be able to accommodate 41.49% of global annual CO2 emissions (according to the data in 2021) if the available CO2 storage potential of the Yanchang shale gas reservoir is fully exploited.
The Consumer’s Role in the Transition to the Circular Economy: A State of the Art Based on a SLR with Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Carreira Rui Jorge , Ferreira José Vasconcelos , Ramos Ana Luísa
Published: October 2023

Implementing the Circular Economy (CE) is largely a mirage. There are some political decisions translated into penalties and/or incentives to try to adjust the “optimal” level of circularity. The consumer’s desire to purchase circular products, given the increase in price associated with them, and the sum of associated fines and penalties, generates complex financial equations, which become unfavorable to the transition to the CE. CE-friendly solutions in use are associated with situations in which circularity contributes to lower production costs. The authors are committed to altering the course of events. They believe that the success of this transition will have the will of the consumer as its main vector. To this end, they launched an investigation that leads to clues on how, by identifying barriers, facilitators, and motivations, proposals for solutions that are focused on the consumer are designed. The research project started by surveying and systematically analyzing the existing published information, in order to reach the State of the Art. The path taken involved a systematic review of the literature and the consequent bibliometric analysis, fulfilling a methodology whose steps are not innovative, but whose relationship/sequencing of the same is insufficiently treated in the literature. As the most relevant results of the application of the proposed methodology to the subject under analysis, in addition to the recognition of a set of significant and guiding texts, explored as graphically as possible, the identification of relevant sub-themes stands out, as well as the framing of opportunities for future investigations. With this investigation, we conclude that the consumer is not the trigger for the transition from the linear economy to the CE.
Sustainable Implementation of Robotic Process Automation Based on a Multi-Objective Mathematical Model
Authors: Patrício Leonel , Costa Lino , Varela Leonilde , Ávila Paulo
Published: October 2023

(1) Background: In this study on Robotic Process Automation (RPA), the feasibility of sustainable RPA implementation was investigated, considering user requirements in the context of this technology’s stakeholders, with a strong emphasis on sustainability. (2) Methods: A multi-objective mathematical model was developed and the Weighted Sum and Tchebycheff methods were used to evaluate the efficiency of the implementation. An enterprise case study was utilized for data collection, employing investigation hypotheses, questionnaires, and brainstorming sessions with company stakeholders. (3) Results: The results underscore the significance of user requirements within the RPA landscape and demonstrate that integrating these requirements into the multi-objective model enhances the implementation assessment. Practical guidelines for RPA planning and management with a sustainability focus are provided. The analysis reveals a solution that reduces initial costs by 21.10% and allows for an efficient and equitable allocation of available resources. (4) Conclusion: This study advances our understanding of the interplay between user requirements and RPA feasibility, offering viable guidelines for the sustainable implementation of this technology.
Error Influence Simulation of the 500 m Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope Cable-Net Structure Based on Random Combinations
Authors: Wang Lulu , Ding Mingmin , Ruan Yangjie , Luo Bin , Guo Jianchen
Published: October 2023

The reflector of a Chinese 500 m aperture spherical radio telescope is supported by a giant cable-net structure. In the actual operation process, active displacement observation is realized by connecting the actuators with the control cables to adjust the cable net, which requires high manufacturing and installation accuracy. In this study, an error sensitivity computing method based on a normal distribution is adopted to perform single-error computing and multi-error coupling computing and to investigate the effect of the length error of all the cables, tensioning force error of active surface cables, and installation error of external nodes on the cable force. The results show that the length error of the surface cables and the installation error of the external nodes are the main factors affecting the cable force, while the length error of the control cables is a secondary factor. The coupling effect of multiple errors is not the linear superposition of each error’s influence; therefore, all the error factors should be comprehensively considered for coupling computing to determine the control index. Through multi-error coupling computing, it is determined that the length error limits of the surface cables and control cables are ±1.5 mm and ±20 mm, respectively, the tensioning force error limit of the active surface cables is ±10%, and the installation error limit of the external nodes is ±50 mm.
The Impact of Digital Transformation on ESG: A Case Study of Chinese-Listed Companies
Authors: Peng Yan , Chen Hanzi , Li Tinghui
Published: October 2023

Enterprise digital transformation involves leveraging digital technologies to optimize and improve business operations. Not only does it augment operational efficiency, but it also establishes favorable conditions for bolstering ESG. To investigate the impact of digital transformation on ESG performance, this study employs a fixed effects model. The analysis utilizes data from a sample of 1422 publicly listed companies in China, spanning the period of 2012 to 2021. This paper further explores the mechanism and heterogeneity behind this impact. The research findings indicate that digital transformation has a positive impact on the ESG performance of companies. It remains robust even after conducting robustness tests, which include omitted variable and endogeneity tests. Furthermore, the study identifies variations in the influence of digital transformation on different dimensions of ESG performance. Through a mechanism analysis, it is revealed that digital transformation positively affects ESG performance by optimizing the structure of human capital, enhancing operational efficiency, and promoting green innovation. Additionally, heterogeneity analysis indicates that the positive effect of digital transformation on ESG performance is particularly significant in capital-intensive industries, high-tech companies, and companies with low carbon emissions.
Social Networks, Use of Communication Technology, and Loneliness of Frail Older People Ageing in Place in Italy: The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Melchiorre Maria Gabriella , Cerea Stefania , Socci Marco , Lamura Giovanni
Published: October 2023

The study explored how the lockdown, following the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy (February–May 2020), impacted frail older people needing Long-Term Care (LTC) and living alone at home in Brescia and Ancona. These two urban cities were differently affected by the pandemic, with a major degree of infections and deaths in the former. In July–September 2020, a follow-up study of the IN-AGE research project (2019) was carried out in both cities, involving 41 older respondents by telephone, to detect the impact of the health emergency on their social networks, use of communication technology, social isolation, and loneliness. Findings showed that the use of communication tools was overall expanded, and seniors increased telephone (TEL) contacts, especially in Ancona. In both cities, fears for the infection emerged too, and mainly in Ancona than Brescia, several cases of worsened perceived loneliness were detected. Despite the exploratory/descriptive nature of the study, with a not-representative sample of the population and notwithstanding some differences among cities, the findings stressed the risk of isolation and loneliness for seniors living alone. This risk was buffered by the use of communication technology during the lockdown, but more interventions allowing sustainable healthy ageing (HA) in place and enhancing healthy behaviours, especially in emergency situations, are needed.
Evaluating Road Hazard Maintenance Efficiency Using Citizen Science Data to Improve Road Safety
Authors: Kim Jinguk , Jeon Woohoon , Kim Seoungbum
Published: October 2023

Accidents caused by road hazards can be prevented through regular inspections by road management agencies. To this end, traffic agencies allocate substantial budgets and workforces to maintain the performance of roads. Additionally, traffic agencies require comprehensive data such as the classifications and sizes of road hazards. However, collecting spatial–temporal data on various road hazards is challenging, and evaluating it comprehensively with respect to work efficiency and budget allocation is difficult due to stakeholder interests across agencies. This study proposes a process of evaluating operational efficiency in terms of maintaining roads and preventing hazards by analyzing citizen scientist-based data. First, we collected data from drivers through a mobile application and applied text mining techniques to classify each complaint into several types of road hazard maintenance. Second, we developed an indicator to measure operational efficiency using the processed data and evaluated each regional agency per each type of maintenance. The results of this study provide evidence that specific types of road hazards occur prominently under specific agencies. In addition, the time required to provide maintenance for identical road hazards can vary among agencies. These results suggest that the maintenance budget for the entire national highway may need to be distributed differently based upon regional characteristics.
Ionospheric Global and Regional Electron Contents in Solar Cycles 23–25
Authors: Yasyukevich Yury , Padokhin Artem , Vesnin Artem , Bykov Alexei , Kiselev Alexander , Ivanov Alexander , Yasyukevich Anna
Published: October 2023

The Earth’s ionosphere experiences forcing from above and below and varies in different periods. We analyzed the dynamics of the ionospheric global and regional electron contents (GEC and REC) in solar cycles 23/24 (SC23/SC24) and the first part of solar cycle 25 (SC25). We considered several methodological issues for GEC calculations and created a tool to compute GEC and made it available through SIMuRG (System for Ionosphere Monitoring and Research from GNSS). The paper shows the asymmetry of GEC dynamics in different solar cycles. The mid-latitude summer evening anomaly disrupted the diurnal REC variation in the Siberian region under solar minima. The mean GEC showed similar dependence on the F10.7 index in SC25 and SC23/SC24. The difference in solar cycles could prevent reliable forecasting for GEC for the next solar cycle. Our model, based on a neural network, could predict GEC dynamics in SC25 accurately when we input the F10.7 index.
Digital Economy and Intelligent Manufacturing Coupling Coordination: Evidence from China
Authors: Zhang Wanyu , Meng Fansheng
Published: October 2023

The digital economy uses its own digital information advantages to reduce the intensity of energy consumption brought by economic growth. Intelligent manufacturing achieves cost reduction and efficiency through the integration of manufacturing and intelligence as well as digitalization and information technology. The two have become a new engine for sustainable economic development at present, and they can promote and influence each other. However, there is a lack of research on the relationship between them. In this regard, this study aims to build a coupling coordination model of digital economy and intelligent manufacturing and to make an empirical analysis using the data of Chinese provincial administrative regions in order to provide a theoretical reference for promoting sustainable economic development. The research finds that (1) the digital economy and intelligent manufacturing are mainly cross-coupled from four aspects: infrastructure, technological innovation, product optimization and organizational change. The development level and speed of the former are significantly higher than those of the latter, and the gap does not decrease with time. The two have a strong correlation, but there is no high-quality coupling coordination. (2) The main obstacle factors to the digital economy lie in the imperfect supporting facilities, the short board of technological innovation and the lack of technological application capacity. Intelligent manufacturing lacks intelligent application and technological innovation. (3) Influencing factors such as opening to the outside world, economic development, high-level talent input, industrial structure and innovation emphasis have different effects on their coupling and coordinated development in different regions. (4) The spatial correlation test shows that the coupling coordination degree of each region is spatially positively correlated. This research helps to promote the coupling and coordinated development of the digital economy and intelligent manufacturing.
Characteristics of Anti-Measles Immunity in Lung Transplant Candidates
Authors: Polishchuk Valentina B. , Kostinov Mikhail P. , Ryzhov Aleksey A. , Karchevskaya Natalia A. , Solov’eva Irina L. , Cherdantsev Alexander P. , Kostinova Aristitsa M. , Poddubikov Arseniy A.
Published: October 2023

Measles has not yet been eradicated; therefore, its outbreaks are still reported throughout the world. Like any infection, measles is dangerous for immunocompromised patients. Levels of anti-measles IgG antibodies were measured in 157 patients aged 17 to 72, who were placed on the lung transplant waiting list. Measurements were undertaken by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the VectoMeasles-IgG kit (Russia). The proportion of patients seronegative for measles was 19% (30/157). Correlation was detected between patients’ age and their levels of anti-measles antibodies, with higher proportions of patients having undetectable titers (25.5–28.9%) or low antibody levels (38.3–44.4%) in the young age groups (17–29 and 30–39 years old). There were no differences between male and female patients in levels of anti-measles antibodies or in the proportion of seronegative individuals. Analyses of antibody levels with regard to type of disease revealed the highest rate of seronegative results in cystic fibrosis patients (34.4%, 11/32). Overall, 19% of lung transplant candidates, mostly young people and cystic fibrosis patients, did not have protective immunity against measles.
HHV-6A Infection of Papillary Thyroid Cancer Cells Induces Several Effects Related to Cancer Progression
Authors: Mardente Stefania , Romeo Maria Anele , Asquino Angela , Po Agnese , Gilardini Montani Maria Saveria , Cirone Mara
Published: October 2023

Recent studies have shown that thyrocytes are permissive to HHV-6A infection and that the virus may contribute to the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroiditis. Thyroid autoimmune diseases increase the risk of papillary cancer, which is not surprising considering that chronic inflammation activates pathways that are also pro-oncogenic. Moreover, in this condition, cell proliferation is stimulated as an attempt to repair tissue damage caused by the inflammatory process. Interestingly, it has been reported that the well-differentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), the less aggressive form of thyroid tumor, may progress to the more aggressive follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and eventually to the anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), and that to such progression contributes the presence of an inflammatory/immune suppressive tumor microenvironment. In this study, we investigated whether papillary tumor cells (BCPAP) could be infected by human herpes virus-6A (HHV-6A), and if viral infection could induce effects related to cancer progression. We found that the virus dysregulated the expression of several microRNAs, such as miR-155, miR-9, and the miR-221/222 cluster, which are involved in different steps of carcinogenesis, and increased the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, particularly IL-6, which may also sustain thyroid tumor cell growth and promote cancer progression. Genomic instability and the expression of PTEN, reported to act as an oncogene in mutp53-carrying cells such as BCPAP, also increased following HHV-6A-infection. These findings suggest that a ubiquitous herpesvirus such as HHV-6A, which displays a marked tropism for thyrocytes, could be involved in the progression of PTC towards more aggressive forms of thyroid tumor.
Methodological Approach for an Online Water Quality Monitoring System in an Iron Ore Tailing Dam
Authors: da Silva Júnior Renato Oliveira , Almeida Helena Pereira , da Silva Marcio Sousa , França Adriano Cuenya , Balleroni Eduardo , dos Santos Nailson , Vilela Paulo Henrique , de Melo Adayana Maria Queiroz , Guimarães José Tasso Felix
Published: October 2023

Monitoring the concentration of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the aquatic ecosystems of the Amazon is critical to guarantee the maintenance of the ecological balance and the life quality of human populations that reside in or use these environments for survival. In this sense, many rivers in the region are dammed to form lakes for depositing mining tailings. Among these, the Gelado Project has the largest iron ore dam in the Amazon that occupies about 13.5 km2 of surface area with 142 million m3 of water and tailings volume, which are currently being mined for exploration, and its upstream waters and downstream are historically used by traditional populations. Based on this, to monitor the impacts of this activity, an online system for sampling and automatic analysis of water quality, composed of three process analyzers monitoring more than 20 parameters, including the PTEs (Cd, Pb, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Cu), was installed downstream of this dam. Therefore, this short communication describes this system’s development, installation, operation, and main advantage over conventional methods.