bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Red Blood Cell Metabolism in Patients with Propionic Acidemia
Authors: Roy Micaela , Cendali Francesca , Ooyama Gabrielle , Gamboni Fabia , Morton Holmes , D’Alessandro Angelo
Published: September 2021

Propionic acidemia (PA) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder with an estimated incidence of 1:100,000 live births in the general population. Due in part to an insufficient understanding of the disease’s pathophysiology, PA is often associated with complications, and in severe cases can cause coma and death. Despite its association with hematologic disorders, PA’s effect on red blood cell metabolism has not been described. Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics analyses were performed on RBCs from healthy controls (n = 10) and PKD patients (n = 3). PA was associated with a significant decrease in the steady state level of glycolytic products and the apparent activation of the PPP. The PA samples showed decreases in succinate and increases in the downstream dicarboxylates of the TCA cycle. BCAAs were lowered in the PA samples and C3 carnitine, a direct metabolite of propionic acid, was increased. Trends in the markers of oxidative stress including hypoxanthine, allantoate and spermidine were the opposite of those associated with elevated ROS burden. The alteration of short chain fatty acids, the accumulation of some medium chain and long chain fatty acids, and decreased markers of lipid peroxidation in the PA samples contrasted with previous research. Despite limitations from a small cohort, this study provides the first investigation of RBC metabolism in PA, paving the way for targeted investigations of the critical pathways found to be dysregulated in the context of this disease.
Cash Transfer Programmes in Pakistan through a Child Well-Being Lens
Authors: Hussain Altaf , Schech Susanne
Published: September 2021

This paper analyses data from a qualitative study undertaken with children and their families in two cash transfer programmes (CTPs) in Pakistan. Using a three-dimensional child well-being model that distinguishes material, relational and subjective dimensions, it argues that CTPs have helped extremely poor families sustain their basic dietary needs and marginally increase their health spending. Additional conditional payments have led to increased primary school enrolments, but CTPs have failed to address the distinctive vulnerabilities of children, including their nutritional needs, relational well-being and social status. A more holistic and child-sensitive approach to social protection would be the way forward to improve child well-being in line with the United Nations Charter on Rights of Children (UNCRC) to which Pakistan is a signatory.
Neuromuscular Adjustments Following Sprint Training with Ischemic Preconditioning in Endurance Athletes: Preliminary Data
Authors: Bouffard Stéphan , Paradis-Deschênes Pénélope , Billaut François
Published: September 2021

This preliminary study examined the effect of chronic ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on neuromuscular responses to high-intensity exercise. In a parallel-group design, twelve endurance-trained males (VO2max 60.0 ± 9.1 mL·kg−1·min−1) performed a 30-s Wingate test before, during, and after 4 weeks of sprint-interval training. Training consisted of bi-weekly sessions of 4 to 7 supra-maximal all-out 30-s cycling bouts with 4.5 min of recovery, preceded by either IPC (3 × 5-min of compression at 220 mmHg/5-min reperfusion, IPC, n = 6) or placebo compressions (20 mmHg, PLA, n = 6). Mechanical indices and the root mean square and mean power frequency of the electromyographic signal from three lower-limb muscles were continuously measured during the Wingate tests. Data were averaged over six 5-s intervals and analyzed with Cohen’s effect sizes. Changes in peak power output were not different between groups. However, from mid- to post-training, IPC improved power output more than PLA in the 20 to 25-s interval (7.6 ± 10.0%, ES 0.51) and the 25 to 30-s interval (8.8 ± 11.2%, ES 0.58), as well as the fatigue index (10.0 ± 2.3%, ES 0.46). Concomitantly to this performance difference, IPC attenuated the decline in frequency spectrum throughout the Wingate (mean difference: 14.8%, ES range: 0.88–1.80). There was no difference in root mean square amplitude between groups. These preliminary results suggest that using IPC before sprint training may enhance performance during a 30-s Wingate test, and such gains occurred in the last 2 weeks of the intervention. This improvement may be due, in part, to neuromuscular adjustments induced by the chronic use of IPC.
NATURAL AGE-RELATED COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS: OVERVIEW OF RECENT INVESTIGATIONS IN NON-HUMAN PRIMATES
Authors: Семенов Д. Г. , Беляков А. В.
Published: September 2021

Старение человека сопровождается ослаблением когнитивных функций мозга. Актуальность изучения этого процесса, как и поиска путей его медицинской коррекции, возрастает в связи с увеличением средней продолжительности жизни в развитых странах. Нечеловекообразные приматы признаны наиболее подходящей биологической моделью для экспериментального изучения естественных механизмов когнитивного старения. В обзоре представлены последние данные, характеризующие поведенческие закономерности старения этих животных и соответствующие структурнофункциональные и молекулярно-клеточные корреляты. Описаны некоторые эффективные способы профилактики и терапии естественного старческого когнитивного ослабления.

Human aging is followed by the weakening of cognitive functions of the brain. The relevance of the study of this process as well as the search for ways of its medical correction increases due to the rise of the middle life span in developed countries. Non-human primates are recognized as the most appropriate biological model for the experimental study of natural cognitive aging mechanisms. The review presents the latest data characterizing age-related behavioral patterns of these animals and the corresponding structural-functional and molecular-cellular correlates. Some effective ways preventing natural senile cognitive decline are highlighted.
FEATURES OF AUTONOMIC REGULATION OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM IN HUMAN LATE ONTOGENESIS
Authors: Нестеров В. П. , Бурдыгин А. И. , Иванов К. Б. , Коротков С. М. , Шемарова И. В. , Нестеров С. В.
Published: September 2021

С помощью метода артериальной пьезопульсометрии выполнены статистический и спектральный анализы вариабельных параметров ( VPP и TNN ) пульсовых волн АД крови у пациентов 18-85 лет. С высокой точностью оценены индивидуальные особенности автономной (вегетативной и нейроэндокринной) регуляции мышечных эффекторов (МЭ) сердечно-сосудистой системы (ССС) у пожилого мужчины (75 лет) и молодой женщины (20 лет). Эти данные, а также результаты сравнительного исследования пациентов разного возраста позволили выявить определенную закономерность направленного изменения симпатоадреналовой регуляции МЭ ССС в онтогенезе человека. Сделан вывод, что у людей в процессе жизни происходит перестройка физиологического механизма автономной регуляции МЭ ССС, направленная на замену краткосрочной симпатической регуляции у молодых людей на более эффективную и устойчивую регуляцию гуморальными катехоламинами у пожилых людей.

Using the method of arterial piezopulsometry, statistical and spectral analyzes of variable parameters ( VPP and TNN ) of pulse waves of blood pressure in patients aged 18 to 85 years were performed. The individual characteristics of the autonomous (vegetative and neuroendocrine) regulation of the muscular effectors (ME) of the cardiovascular system (CVS) in an elderly man (75 years old) and a young woman (20 years old) were estimated with high accuracy. These data, as well as the results of a comparative study of patients of different ages, made it possible to identify a certain pattern of directed change in the sympathoadrenal regulation of ME CVS in human ontogenesis. It is concluded that in the course of their lives, people undergo a restructuring of the physiological mechanism of the autonomous regulation of their ME CVS, aimed at replacing short-term sympathetic regulation in young people with more effective and more stable regulation by humoral catecholamines in elderly.
LABORATORY PREDICTORS OF GLAUCOMA IN PATIENTS WITH MIDDLE AND OLD AGE - A TOOL TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF LIFE (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors: Сагинбаев У. Р. , Рукавишникова С. А. , Потемкин В. В. , Пушкин А. С. , Ахмедов Т. А.
Published: September 2021

В мире насчитывается около 1,3 млрд человек с такими нарушениями зрительного анализатора, как катаракта и глаукома, распространенность которых значимо выше у лиц пожилого возраста. Заболевания глаз остаются глобальной медикосоциальной и экономической проблемой, что связано как с прогрессированием болезни вплоть до слепоты, так и с отсутствием методов патогенетической терапии. Вторичной профилактикой глаукомы остается своевременное выявление патологии. В настоящее время разработан ряд диагностических приемов, включающих, в основном, инструментальные методики. Несомненно, в качестве скрининговых методов донозологической диагностики могут выступать лабораторные показатели. Сегодня выявлена группа биомаркеров, обладающих разной степенью чувствительности и специфичности. Однако широкое использование индикации данных маркеров затруднено, в том числе и по организационным причинам. Встает вопрос поиска следов присутствия патологии в таких рутинных исследованиях, как общий анализ крови. Глаукома признана системным заболеванием, что может найти отражение в изменении морфофункциональных свойств форменных элементов крови.

There are about 1,3 billion people worldwide with visual disorders such as cataract and glaucoma, the prevalence of which is signiﬁcantly higher in elder persons. Eye diseases remain a global medical, social and economic problem, associated with both the progression of the disease up to blindness and the lack of pathogenetic therapy methods. Timely detection of pathology is secondary prevention of glaucoma. At present, a number of diagnostic techniques have been developed, including mainly instrumental techniques. Undoubtedly, laboratory indicators should be used as screening methods of early diagnosis. Today, a group of biomarkers with different degrees of sensitivity and speciﬁcity has been identiﬁed. However, these markers have some difﬁculty in indicating. Finding signs of glaucoma in complete blood count is an important task. Glaucoma is recognized as a systemic disease, which should be reﬂected in the change in morphofunctional properties of blood elements.
TREATMENT OF TORPID TROPHIC ULCERS IN PATIENTS OF THE OLDER AGE GROUP
Authors: Смагин М. А. , Шумков О. А. , Солуянов М. Ю. , Демура А. Ю. , Смагин А. А. , Лыков А. П. , Нимаев В. В.
Published: September 2021

Хронические или незаживающие язвы чаще возникают у пожилых людей (20 чел. из 1 тыс.), чей возраст ближе к 80 годам. Применение принципов регенеративной медицины, активно развивающейся в последние годы, в лечении таких заболеваний основано на применении как производных аутологичной крови (обогащенная тромбоцитами плазма), так и аутологичных мононуклеарных клеток. Цель исследования - оценка эффективности применения плазмы, обогащенной тромбоцитами (аутологичная плазма, обогащенная лизатом тромбоцитов), при лечении торпидных язв нижних конечностей у пациентов старшей возрастной группы. Проведено проспективное рандомизированное клиническое исследование у 80 пациентов. По данным предварительных расчетов показано, что сочетание традиционного лечения с введением плазмы, обогащенной тромбоцитами, приводит к ускорению заживления язвенных дефектов.

Chronic ulcers or non-healing ulcers are more common in the elderly (20 out of 1 000 people), whose age is closer to 80 years. The application of the principles of regenerative medicine, actively developing, in the treatment of such diseases, is based on the use of both autologous blood derivatives and autologous mononuclear cells. Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of plasma enriched with platelets in the treatment of torpid ulcers of the lower extremities in patients of the older age group. A prospective, randomized clinical trial was conducted in 80 patients. According to preliminary calculations, it has been shown that the combination of traditional treatment with the introduction of plasma enriched with platelets leads to accelerated healing of ulcers.
RESULTS OF ANALYSIS OF THE PRESCRIPTIONS FOR ELDERLY PATIENTS IN AMBULATORY PRACTICE
Authors: Краснова Н. М. , Татаринова О. В. , Яковлев А. А. , Сеялова А. С. , Сокорутов Д. А.
Published: September 2021

Проведен рандомизированный ретроспективный анализ 94 медицинских карт пациентов 65 лет и старше, получающих медицинскую помощь в амбулаторных условиях, для оценки лекарственных назначений на предмет выявления полипрагмазии и потенциально опасных и значимых лекарственных взаимодействий. Среднее число обращений на одного пациента старше 65 лет в течение года составило 11,2±8,4. Коморбидность выявлена у 89,4% пациентов. Полипрагмазию регистрировали у 76,6% пациентов. В /случаев пациентам пожилого возраста назначали потенциально не рекомендованные лекарственные средства (критерии Beers, 2019 г.). Анализ лекарственных взаимодействий установил 364 таких взаимодействий разных категорий опасности. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о необходимости внедрения в амбулаторно-поликлиническую практику различных систем лекарственного аудита для своевременного выявления потенциально не рекомендованных лекарственных средств, опасных лекарственных взаимодействий для коррекции назначений, повышения эффективности и безопасности фармакотерапии у пациентов старше 65 лет.

A randomized retrospective analysis of medical records of patients aged 65 years and older receiving ambulatory medical care was carried out in order to assess drug prescriptions for the detection of polypharmacy and potentially dangerous and signiﬁcant drug interactions. The average number of visits per patient over 65 is 11,2±8,4. Comorbidity was detected in 89,4 % of patients. Polypharmacy was detected in 76,6 % of patients. In / of cases, patients were prescribed not recommended drugs (Beers criteria 2015). Authors found 364 interactions of various hazard categories. The obtained data shows that it is mandatory to implement various systems of prescription audit for the timely detection of potentially hazardous and incompatible drugs, as well as to correct prescriptions and improve efﬁcacy and safety of drug use in patients older than 65 years.
SYSTEMATIZATION OF APPROACHES TO THE ORGANIZATION OF PREVENTION OF MENTAL DISORDERS VETERANS OF COMBAT VETERANS
Authors: Сухоруков А. Л. , Соловьев А. Г. , Ичитовкина Е. Г. , Голубева Е. Ю.
Published: September 2021

Для методологического обоснования использования новых подходов к организации психиатрической помощи ветеранам боевых действий в ведомственных общесоматических учреждениях здравоохранения проведен анализ существующих проблем при оказании психиатрической помощи пенсионерам комбатантам с психическими расстройствами системы Министерства внутренних дел (МВД) России. Показано, что существующие организационные подходы имеют ряд существенных недостатков и не обеспечивают в полном объеме качественного оказания терапии и медикопсихологической реабилитации данному контингенту. Предложено в рамках Концепции развития психиатрической службы МВД России предусмотреть проведение целенаправленной профилактической работы с комбатантами - действующими сотрудниками силовых структур, включающей раннюю диагностику начальных форм психических расстройств, своевременное оказание лечебнореабилитационной помощи с последующим системным мониторингом состояния их психического здоровья в ведомственных учреждениях здравоохранения. Это позволит не только повысить качество диагностики психических расстройств, но и улучшить терапию психопатологических нарушений, уменьшить стигматизацию психиатрической помощи и систематизировать направления работы с данным контингентом на этапах вторичной профилактики изменений ментальных функций.

For the purpose of methodological justiﬁcation of the use of new approaches to the organization of psychiatric care for veterans of military operations in departmental general hospital health care institutions, the analysis of existing problems in providing psychiatric care to retired combatants with mental disorders of the system of the Ministry of internal Affairs (MIA) of Russia was carried out. It is shown that the existing organizational approaches have a number of signiﬁcant drawbacks and do not fully provide quality therapy and medical and psychological rehabilitation to this contingent. Proposed in the development Concept of the psychiatric service of MIA to provide targeted prevention work with ex-combatants, current employees of power structures, including early diagnosis of early forms of mental disorders, timely provision of treatment & rehabilitation help with subsequent systematic monitoring of their mental health in government health facilities. This will not only improve the quality of diagnosis of mental disorders, but also improve the treatment of psychopathological disorders, reduce the stigma of psychiatric care and systematize the directions of work with this contingent at the stages of secondary prevention of changes in mental functions.
COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CORPUS CALLOSUM IN MEN AND WOMEN OF YOUNG AND OLD AGE
Authors: Баландин А. А. , Железнов Л. М. , Баландина И. А. , Баландин В. А.
Published: September 2021

Работа основана на результатах органометрического исследования мозолистого тела (каллозометрии) у 93 человек (49 мужчин и 44 женщин) с использованием МРТ. Был проведен сравнительный анализ длины, высоты, толщины валика и колена мозолистого тела, глубины его залегания (передней, верхней, задней). Выявлены закономерности возрастной изменчивости органометрических характеристик мозолистого тела, проявляющиеся в сокращении его линейных размеров у людей старческого возраста, в сравнении с представителями молодого возраста, и уменьшении глубины залегания. Результаты данного морфологического исследования могут послужить основой для выявления отдельных закономерностей возрастной анатомии головного мозга и имеют практическую значимость в качестве эквивалента анатомической нормы, что позволит использовать эти данные в диагностической и лечебной работе.

The work is based on the results of an organometric study of the corpus callosum (callosometry) among 93 people (49 men and 44 women) using the method of magnetic resonance imaging. A comparative analysing of the length, height, thickness of the roller and the knee of the corpus callosum, the depth of its occurrence (front, top, back) was carried out. The regularities of age variability of organometric characteristics of the corpus callosum, manifested in a decrease in its linear dimensions among old people in comparison with young people and a decrease in the depth of its occurrence. The results of this morphological study can be as a basis for identifying individual patterns of age-related anatomy of the brain and have practical importance as indicators of the norm, which will use these data in diagnostic and therapeutic work.
ULTRADIAN RHYTHMS AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN THE TISSUE OF THE LYMPH NODES IN ONTOGENESIS
Authors: Рожкова И. С. , Теплый Д. Л. , Бажанова Е. Д.
Published: September 2021

Использование хронобиологического подхода и биохимических методов исследования позволило комплексно рассмотреть возрастные особенности околочасовых ритмов содержания общего белка, альбумина в ткани лимфатических узлов у крыс в норме и в условиях хронического токсического оксидативного стресса. В ходе эксперимента проведено сравнение ритмической активности содержания общего белка и альбумина в ткани лимфатических узлов у крыс в онтогенезе и при хроническом воздействии серосодержащего природного газа. Выявленные колебания содержания общего белка и альбумина могут быть охарактеризованы как околочасовые (ультрадианные) с периодами от 20-40 до 60 мин. Полученные экспериментальные данные свидетельствуют о снижении адаптивной устойчивости лимфатических узлов с возрастом и об истощении антиоксидантной системы у крыс при старении. Результаты исследования могут представлять практическую ценность для разработки методов коррекции негативных эффектов токсического оксидативного стресса в онтогенезе.

We studied the age-related features of the ultradian rhythms of levels of total protein and albumin in the lymph nodes under normal condition and chronic toxic oxidative stress condition using the chronobiological approach and the biochemical methods. During the experiment, we compared the rhythmic activity of levels of total protein and albumin in the rat lymph nodes in ontogenesis and during chronic exposure to sulfur-containing natural gas. The revealed ﬂuctuations of the levels of total protein and albumin can be characterized as around-hourly (ultradian) rhythms, which period is approximately 20-40 to 60 minutes. The obtained experimental data indicate a decrease in the adaptive resistance of lymph node with age and the depletion of the antioxidant system of rats in aging. These results could have a practical value for the development of correction methods of negative effects of toxic oxidative stress in ontogenesis.
AGE-RELATED ISSUES OF THE QUALITY OF LIFE IN HEARING IMPAIRED PATIENTS
Authors: Голованова Л. Е. , Огородникова Е. А. , Лаптева Е. С. , Бобошко М. Ю.
Published: September 2021

Целью исследования было изучение качества жизни лиц с нарушениями слуха в разных возрастных группах. Обследованы 100 пациентов, обратившихся в городской сурдологический центр для взрослых в связи с нарушением слуха: 50 человек - 34-59 лет, 50 - 60 лет и старше, из которых 32 человека были пожилого возраста (60-74 года)и 18 - старческого (75-86 лет). Степень тугоухости оценивали на основании результатов тональной пороговой аудиометрии. Для исследования качества жизни все пациенты заполняли общий опросник MOS SF-36, отражающий физический и психологический компоненты здоровья, а также специальный опросник HHIА(E)-S для лиц с нарушениями слуха. Установлено, что шкала HHIА(E)-S демонстрирует высокую корреляцию со степенью тугоухости у пациентов моложе 60 лет ( R =0,98; достоверность различий на уровне p <0,05), которая снижается у пациентов 60 лет и старше ( R =0,94; различия в оценках при разной степени тугоухости недостоверны). Значительные трудности в старшей возрастной группе могут быть связаны с тем, что людям пожилого и, особенно, старческого возраста сложно пользоваться слуховыми аппаратами (или они для них неэффективны) и оценивать свои затруднения по шкалам опросника. Целесообразно использовать шкалу HHIА(Е)-S в качестве скринингового инструмента для раннего выявления тугоухости, направления пациентов к сурдологу и своевременного слухопротезирования.

The aim of the research was to study the quality of life in hearing impaired patients of different age. 100 patients referred to the city audiology centre because of their hearing disorders were examined: 50 patients from 34 to 59 years old and 50 patients from 60 years and older, from which 32 patients were of older age (60 to 74 years old) and 18 of oldest age (75 to 86 years old). A degree of hearing loss was assessed according to results of pure tone audiometry. To study the quality of life all patients ﬁlled in the questionnaire MOS SF-36, which evaluates physical and psychological components of health, and the questionnaire HHIA(E)-S, designed speciﬁcally for patients with hearing disorders. The HHIA(E)-S scale was found to show high correlation with hearing loss degree in patients younger than 60 years old ( R =0,98 with statistically signiﬁcant difference, p <0,05), with decreasing correlation in patients from 60 years and older ( R =0,98; no signiﬁcant difference while assessing various hearing loss degrees). Considerable difﬁculties in this age group may be explained by the fact, that older and especially oldest patients have a challenge with hearing aids usage (or they are of low efﬁciency for them) and with assessing theirs difﬁculties on the questionnaire scales. The HHIA(E)-S scale is useful as a screening tool for early detection of hearing loss, referral of patients to an audiologist and prompt hearing aid ﬁtting.
AGE-RELATED FEATURES OF THE DYNAMICS OF MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY, LOCALIZATION AND HISTOLOGICAL STRUCTURES OF RECTAL CANCER (POPULATION STUDY)
Authors: Мерабишвили В. М. , Дубовиченко Д. М. , Вальков М. Ю. , Щербаков А. М. , Мерабишвили Э. Н.
Published: September 2021

Рак прямой кишки (РПК) - это злокачественная опухоль дистального отдела толстой кишки эпителиального происхождения. Ежегодно в России регистрируется более 30 тыс. (30 969 в 2018 г.) новых случаев РПК и 16 тыс. (16 151) случаев смерти. Индекс достоверности учета (отношение числа умерших к заболевшим) составляет 0,52 %. РПК относится к локализациям со средним уровнем летальности. В Северо-Западном Федеральном округе зарегистрировано более 3 тыс. первичных случаев РПК (3 285 в 2018 г.). Государственная статистика РПК представляет данные о заболеваемости и смертности населения по трем рубрикам МКБ-10 вместе (С19-21). Детальная разработка данных не только отдельно по каждой рубрике МКБ-10, но и по четвертому знаку возможна только по материалам баз данных раковых регистров. Созданный нами Популяционный раковый регистр Северо-Западного Федерального округа насчитывал на 01.01.2019 г. более 1 млн (1 067 661) случаев злокачественных новообразований (ЗНО), в том числе РПК - 50 745 случаев, или 4,8 %. Удельный вес РПК близок к среднероссийскому - 4,9 %. В работе представлена детальная структура онкологической патологии по РПК. Ведущая роль из трех указанных рубрик принадлежит ЗНО прямой кишки (С20) - 75,4 %; 19,8 % приходится на ЗНО ректосигмоидного отдела (С19) и только 4,7 % на С21 - ЗНО ануса и анального канала. По всем этим рубрикам представлена динамика структуры, которая оказалась достаточно устойчивой.

Rectal cancer is a malignant tumor of the distal colon of epithelial origin. Every year, more than 30,000 (30 969 - 2018) new cases of Rectal cancer and 16,000 deaths (16 151) are registered in Russia. The index of reliability of accounting (the ratio of the number of dead to sick) is 0,52 %. Rectal cancer refers to localities with an average mortality rate. In the North-Western Federal district, more than 3 thousand primary cases of Rectal cancer were registered (3285 - 2018). The state statistics of the Rectal cancer provides data on morbidity and mortality in three categories of ICD-10 together (C19-21). Detailed development of data not only separately for each category of ICD-10, but also for the fourth sign is possible only from the data bases of cancer registers. As of 01.01.2019, the Population cancer register of the North-Western Federal district created by us totaled more than 1 million cases of malignant tumors (1 067 661), including Rectal cancer - 50 745 cases, or 4,8 %. The share of the Rectal cancer is close to the national average - 4,9 %. The article presents a detailed structure of cancer pathology in Rectal cancer. The leading role of the 3 speciﬁed categories belongs to the rectal malignant tumors (C20) - 75,4 %, 19,8 % falls on the malignant tumors of the rectosigmoid department (C19) and only 4,7 % on the C21 - malignant tumors of the anus and anal canal. For all these categories, the dynamics of the structure is presented, which proved to be quite stable.
LOW-PRESSURE PNEUMOPERITONEUM WITH ABDOMINAL ELEVATION IN LAPAROSCOPIC RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH A LOCALIZED FORM OF PROSTATE CANCER
Authors: Комяков Б. К. , Колыгина Е. В. , Невирович Е. С. , Селиванов А. Н. , Телегин И. В.
Published: September 2021

Рак предстательной железы является актуальной проблемой у мужчин старших возрастных групп, при этом сопутствующий преморбидный фон данной категории пациентов зачастую приводит к развитию послеоперационных осложнений при применении стандартного оперативного метода. В статье приведены результаты применения пневмоперитонеума низкого давления с лифтингом передней брюшной стенки при лапароскопической радикальной простатэктомии у пациентов пожилого возраста с локализованной формой рака предстательной железы. Убедительно показано, что использование этой методики позволяет обеспечить удовлетворительное операционное поле, получить стабильные показатели операционного мониторинга и при этом уменьшить длительность самого оперативного пособия, а также уменьшить длительность госпитализации и частоту встречаемости послеоперационных осложнений.

Prostate cancer is an actual problem among males of older age groups, while the concomitant pre-morbid background of this category of patients often leads to the development of postoperative complications using the standard surgical method. The article presents the results of using low-pressure pneumoperitoneum with anterior abdominal wall lifting for laparoscopic radical prostatectomy in elderly patients with a localized form of prostate cancer. Convincingly shown that the use of low-pressure techniques pneumoperitoneum with lifting anterior abdominal wall ensures satisfactory operating ﬁeld, obtains stable indicators of operational monitoring and allow to reduce the duration of the operation, as well as reduce the duration of hospitalization and incidence of postoperative complications.
CLINICAL ASPECTS OF ASYMPTOMATIC ARRHYTHMIA IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH LEFT BREAST CANCER AT THE STAGE OF RADIATION THERAPY
Authors: Федорец В. Н. , Жабина Р. М. , Козлов К. Л. , Вологдина И. В. , Красильникова Л. А.
Published: September 2021

Недостаточная изученность возрастных особенностей клинического течения бессимптомных нарушений сердечного ритма у женщин с раком молочной железы на этапе лучевой терапии определяет высокую востребованность посвященных данной проблеме исследований. Цель исследования - выявление и оценка нарушений сердечного ритма, протекающих бессимптомно, у женщин пожилого возраста [средний возраст - 67 (64; 69) лет] с раком левой молочной железы на этапе лучевой терапии. Обследованы 48 женщин без тяжелой сердечнососудистой патологии в анамнезе с HER 2- neu отрицательным раком левой молочной железы на этапе 3D конформной лучевой терапии. Всем пациенткам на предшествующих этапах была проведена мастэктомия по Маддену с последующей терапией доксорубицином. Обследование включало регистрацию ЭКГ, мониторирование ЭКГ по Холтеру и эхо-КГ. Бессимптомные нарушения ритма были выявлены до начала лучевой терапии у 43 (89,6 %) пациенток. После лучевой терапии выявлено увеличение количества патологической наджелудочковой и желудочковой аритмии, что можно объяснить кардиотоксичностью.

Insufﬁcient knowledge age peculiarities of the clinical course of cardiac arrhythmias occurring asymptomatically as a manifestation of cardiotoxicity in women with breast cancer at the stage of radiation therapy, determines the high demand for research on this problem. The aim of the study was to identify and evaluate asymptomatic cardiac arrhythmias in elderly women with left breast cancer at the stage of radiation therapy. 48 women without a history of severe cardiovascular disease with HER 2 neu negativecancer of the left breast at the stage of 3D conformal radiotherapy were examined. Mean age 67 (64; 69). All patients at the previous stages were carried out mastectomy Madden followed by therapy with doxorubicin. The examination included ECG registration, 24-hour ECG monitoring and echocardiography. Before radiation therapy, asymptomatic arrhythmias were detected in 43 (89,6 %) patients. After radiation therapy signiﬁcantly increased the number of pathological supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias as a manifestation of cardiotoxicity.
EVALUATION OF THE RESULTS OF USING THE ACCELERATED RECOVERY PROGRAM AFTER PERFORMING TWO-LEVEL LUMBAR SPINAL FUSION IN PATIENTS OF AN OLDER AGE GROUP
Authors: Бывальцев В. А. , Голобородько В. Ю. , Калинин А. А. , Сатардинова Э. Е. , Пестряков Ю. Я. , Шепелев В. В. , Бирючков М. Ю.
Published: September 2021

Целью исследования явилась оценка результатов использования программы ускоренного восстановления после выполнения двухуровневого поясничного спондилодеза у пациентов старшей возрастной группы. Ретроспективно изучены результаты хирургического лечения 29 пациентов старше 65 лет с полисегментарными дегенеративными заболеваниями поясничного отдела, которым выполняли минимально-инвазивную двухуровневую ригидную стабилизацию с применением концепции «программа ускоренного восстановления» (ПУВ). Исследовали технические особенности оперативных вмешательств, специфичность послеоперационного периода, количество неблагоприятных исходов анестезиологического пособия и периоперационных хирургических осложнений, частоту повторных госпитализаций в течение 90 дней. Для оценки эффективности ПУВ использовали клинические параметры: уровень болевого синдрома в области операции по визуально-аналоговой шкале (ВАШ) в течение госпитализации, качество жизни пациентов по анкете SF-36 и удовлетворенность пациента результатом лечения по шкале Macnab. В результате установлено, что внедренная ПУВ после выполнения двухуровневого поясничного спондилодеза у пациентов старшей возрастной группы обеспечивает минимальное количество неблагоприятных последствий анестезиологического пособия и периоперационных хирургических осложнений, значительное восстановление уровня качества жизни и высокую удовлетворенность пациентов проведенным лечением.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the results of using the accelerated recovery program after performing two-level lumbar spinal fusion in patients of an older age group. The results of surgical treatment of 29 patients older than 65 years with multisegmental degenerative diseases of the lumbar region, who performed minimally invasive two-level rigid stabilization using the concept of «accelerated recovery program» (PAR), were retrospectively studied. We studied the technical features of surgical interventions, the speciﬁcity of the postoperative period, the number of adverse outcomes of anesthetic beneﬁts and perioperative surgical complications, the frequency of repeated hospitalizations for 90 days. Clinical parameters were used to evaluate the effectiveness of PAR: the level of pain in the area of operation according to the visual analogue scale (VAS) during hospitalization, the quality of life of patients on the SF-36 questionnaire, and patient satisfaction with the result of treatment using the Macnab scale. As a result, it was established that the introduced PAR after performing two-level lumbar spinal fusion in patients of an older age group provides the minimum number of adverse consequences of anesthesiological aid and perioperative surgical complications, a signiﬁcant restoration of the quality of life and high patient satisfaction with the treatment.
Metacognition Profile of Vocational High School Students in Mathematics Problem Solving Based on Logical Thinking Skills
Authors: Fadiana Mu'jizatin , Andriani Andriani
Published: September 2021

This study describes the profile of vocational high school students' metacognitive abilities in mathematics problem solving based on their logical thinking abilities. This research was conducted using descriptive research methods with a qualitative approach. The data was collected using a logical thinking ability test and problem-solving test and. Three students were selected who met different logical thinking stages: the abstract operation stage, the transition stage, and the concrete operational stage. The results showed the subject of the abstract operation stage fulfilled the metacognition stage by re-describing the given problem, knowing the relationship between what was known and what was asked, working on the problem by writing down what was known and asked and entering into the formula and also checking the answer. Transition stage subjects fulfill the metacognition stage by describing initial information and instructions, performing problem-solving steps, and counting to check completed work. The subject of concrete operations fulfills the metacognition stage by stating information and instructions that are non-specific and detailed. The subject has not been able to state the proper steps to ensure the information's conformity with the problem, and the subject sees what is done by calculating.
Inclusive Education Management in the Development of Cognitive Intelligence of Children
Authors: BR Rosyadi , Baharun Hasan , Asiya Dewi
Published: September 2021

Early childhood cognitive intelligence that has not been fully developed in inclusive schools needs serious attention, considering that this age is a crucial growth period and the golden age of children. This study aims to analyze and understand inclusive education management in children's cognitive intelligence in RA Al-Iman, and RA Tania. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study. The data collection technique is done through interviews, observation, and documentation. The data analysis was carried out circularly, starting from the display power, data reduction, and concluding. The results showed that inclusive education in developing children's cognitive intelligence in both institutions was planned and systematic, starting from identifying the needs of inclusive education, designing inclusive education, implementing inclusive education that leads to cognitive intelligence, and assessing inclusive education. This research has implications for the importance of implementing an egalitarian education and refers to equal rights so that children can mingle, play, and get the same education without any differences.
Development of Learning Media Based on Smart Apps Creator
Authors: Khasanah Khasanah , Rusman Rusman
Published: September 2021

The presence of technology should be able to penetrate the limitations of space and time in improving the quality of learning. This study aims to develop learning media for Smart Apps Creator (SAC), determine the level of Validity and Reliability of Smart Apps Creator (SAC) media products, and determine the efficiency of Smart Apps Creator (SAC) media products. This research was conducted at SMK Sandikta Bekasi City. This research method uses the ADDIE model approach which has five steps, namely Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate. The development of media based on Android Smart Apps Creator (SAC) uses Al-Quran material as a way of life. The validation of this development product was carried out by three media experts and three material experts and continued with a one-on-one trial of three students and a small group trial of three people. The results of the research and development that have been carried out have produced a physical model of learning media products based on Android SAC (Smart Apps Creator). The results of the validation of the validators stated that the media was suitable for use in class XI SMK students. With the respective eligibility rates of 85% and 83%. SAC product efficiency The development of SAC media has been effective but not yet maximized. This is due to the limited hosting capacity to accommodate all materials and materials that are more complex. This can be seen from the effectiveness test of 58% pre-test and 86% post-test, so there is an average difference of 28%.
Project-based Learning (PBL) in EFL learning: Lesson from Indonesia
Authors: Ngadiso Ngadiso , Sarosa Teguh , Asrori Muhammad , Drajati Nur Arifah , Handayani Anis
Published: September 2021

Project-based learning (PBL) has gained popularity in education recently. This teaching method provides opportunities for students to learn independently by doing group works in the form of a project. It is seen as a suitable method to teach EFL to replace the traditional ways of teaching. Thus, this case study explores the students' and teachers' experience implementing PBL in the EFL class. Three EFL classes from three different high schools in Indonesia were observed to explore this issue. Six students and three teachers were interviewed to confirm the observation’s result and determine their perception of learning using PBL. The findings show that the class situation improved positively after implementing PBL. Furthermore, PBL was well perceived by both students and teachers. The teaching and learning process went smoothly and well-controlled. The students and teachers show positive perceptions toward PBL in EFL classes. However, some negative points of PBL were also pointed out. Thus, educational sectors may use this study's results to improve the educational quality, specifically for EFL classes.
Better Teaching and Learning (BTL) Model on Islamic Religious Education Lessons
Authors: Saputra Edi , Lubis Saiful Akhyar , Adlan Adlan
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study is to determine whether the BTL learning paradigm is feasible, legitimate, and effective in Islamic Religious Education sessions. The study population consisted of 48 students in grades VIII A and B at SMPN 7 Medan. This research method combines Research and Development and the ADDIE Model. The study's findings indicate that when compared to the conventional model, the BTL learning model in Islamic Religious Education sessions produces a practical BTL model. Following trials, the BTL learning model for Islamic Religious Education lectures resulted in a valid model and steps. After implementing the BTL learning model in Islamic Religious Education lessons for students in grades VIII A and B of SMPN 7 Medan, it was discovered that the processes from learning to development were beneficial.
National Character Education Policy in Law Number 23 0f 2019
Authors: Putriana Muria , Matin Matin , Sugiarto Sugiarto , Darmawan Tjetjep
Published: September 2021

The study aimed to understand the value of national character education in Law number 23 of 2019. The policy of developing character values through the Act is related to strengthening national character. The method used qualitative descriptive. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. At the same time, the data analysis technique is presented in the form of narrative text through procedures, namely coding, data reduction, data presentation, data triangulation, drawing conclusions, and data analysis. The results show that there are thirteen character education values found in Law number 23 of 2019. Eleven character values are relevant to the character values conceptualized in the Indonesian education curriculum, and two new values are the values of patriotism and the spirit of Pancasila. The implications found are related to understanding the concept of character values by the diversity of Indonesian society
A Survey of Pre-Service Teachers ICT’s Competencies in Papua
Authors: Betaubun Martha
Published: September 2021

This research analyzes the ICT Competencies of Pre-services Teachers in Papua, including the Region of Sorong, Merauke, Jayapura, and Manokwari. This research aims to discover the students of Teachers' Training Faculty spread in Papua competencies on ICT. The measurement of ICT competencies is carried out using a model developed by Tondeur for preservice teachersusing questionnaires that consisted of 19 items. Questionnaires were distributed to Papua Region covering Jayapura and Merauke, West Papua region covering Sorong and Manokwari. Sixty-eight respondents became the data in this study. Data were analyzed using XL Stats to find the mean and standard deviation. The findings in this study were; the low competencies were found on Papuan Indigenous Pre-service teachers, and the high competencies were found in science discipline compared to non-science in Papua and West Papua Indonesia. The low ability of native Papuan students in managing information in the digital world is indicated by the lack of awareness of preservice teachers in developing a sense of responsibility in using ICT as a communication medium and activities involving ICT use.
The Challenges of Teaching Indonesian History in The Teaching Factory Learning Model in Vocational High School
Authors: Gustiar Riski , Kurniawati Kurniawati , Winarsih Murni
Published: September 2021

This study aims to identify teachers' challenges in teaching Indonesian History at SMK using the Teaching Factory learning model. This study uses qualitative methods by taking research at SMKN 28 South Jakarta. The analysis used is the grounded theory approach of Strauss and Corbin. The results illustrate three interrelated things: the Teaching Factory concept, the implementation and challenges faced by Indonesian History subject teachers, and the teacher's efforts to face these challenges. Based on the research results, it shows that the challenge faced by the teacher is the compaction of Indonesian History material in SMK. The teacher must accommodate students who cannot participate in learning activities in class and the absence of teaching materials based on the Teaching Factory. Efforts to answer these challenges based on the research results in the field can be overcome by; adjusting Indonesian History material in vocational schools, providing teaching materials that are easy to understand for students to learn independently, and making learning innovations in the skills process (KI-4).
Teacher Career Development Management at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri
Authors: Syafaruddin Syafaruddin , Mesiono Mesiono , Sitompul Indrasyah
Published: September 2021

This study aims to analyze the management of teacher career development at MAN 2 Model Medan. The research focuses on planning, organizing, implementing, and evaluating teacher career development at MAN 2 Model Medan. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical study method. Obtaining data using observation techniques, interviews, and document studies. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using data reduction techniques, data presentation, and drawing conclusions or data verification. The results of this study indicate that the management of teacher career development at the MAN 2 Medan Model is carried out effectively. It can be viewed from the aspects; (1) planning for teacher career development in the form of motivation and application of a conducive organizational culture (climate); (2) organizing human resources (HR) for teachers in madrasah through leadership support, technical meetings, coordination between madrasah leaders and vice-principals involving supervisors to improve teacher qualifications; (3) the implementation of teacher career development is carried out based on promotion, transfer, and promotion; (4) evaluation of teacher career development is carried out based on online-based supervision and teacher performance assessment. This research hopes that it can be used as a reference for further research on the management of teacher career development in Islamic educational institutions. This research also has implications for teachers in Islamic educational institutions to accelerate careers as educators in madrasah.
“Clown Children” Quo Vadis Guarantee Education for Children with Special Needs in the Era of Covid-19
Authors: Putro Khamim Zarkasih , Assingkily Muhammad Shaleh , Febiyanto Angga , Dahlan Zaini
Published: September 2021

This paper aims to analyze education guarantees for children with special needs (ABK) in the Covid-19 era. The focus of the study is the phenomenon of crew members clowning on the streets of Medan City. The theory used in analyzing the data is the theory of implementation of Merilee S. Grindle's policies. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data was collected using an open interview technique, participant observation, and documentation study. Furthermore, the data were analyzed through data reduction techniques, data display, and concluding. This study indicates that the North Sumatra government has been very responsive to inclusive education for children with special needs in the region.This is indicated by two things, namely (1) the declaration of North Sumatra as the Province of Inclusive Education since 2015 and (2) the issuance of the Governor of North Sumatra No. 29 of 2016 concerning the Implementation of Inclusive Education as a follow-up to Permendiknas Number 70 of 2009.