bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of structural boundaries and stress history on at-rest soil pressure of sand
Authors: Talesnick M. L. , Bolton M. D.
Published: March 2020

The knowledge of lateral earth pressure is a required input to many issues in geotechnical design and analysis. The determination of lateral earth pressure at rest is often based on a coefficient of earth pressure at rest (K0) for which there is no theoretical basis for its determination. This paper addresses three issues that have direct influence on the measurement of lateral earth pressure at rest: pressure measurement technique, presence of a structural boundary and stress history. The testing was carried out using two different pressure measurement techniques: null gauge technology and deflecting membrane technology. The tests were carried out under two different boundary conditions: free-field conditions and conditions adjacent to a structural boundary. The tests included multiple load–unload cycles. The data generated in this study have indicated that the small deflections required to produce output signals when using deflecting membrane transducers have significant impact on the recorded response. The null soil pressure measurement technique precludes deflection and is therefore inherently more suitable. The effect of a structural boundary must be considered when determining horizontal pressure at rest; the presence of a structural boundary alters the development of vertical soil pressure which is reflected in the magnitude of lateral soil pressure.
Relaciones interculturales, discurso de los cuerpos y semiopraxis
Authors: Grosso José Luis
Published: March 2020

La línea de investigación que propone- mos pone en diálogo el trabajo conjunto de redes de investigación latinoamericana, fundamentalmente, las que tienen vinculación con movimientos y actores sociales, no necesariamente académicos, como por ejemplo el Grupo Latinoamericano de Estudios Sociales de los cuerpos y las emociones, con quienes venimos trabajando desde el año 2007, y cuenta con colegas de México, Colombia, Perú y Argentina; la Red Sur de Patrimonio Cultural, Memorias Locales y Globalización, donde participan colegas de Catamarca en Argentina; Popayán, Santa Marta y Cali en Colombia y también en Sudáfrica, que trabajan el tema de Patrimonio Cultura
Intern Designed Modules for Conducting Potential Microgravity Solidification Experiments aboard the International Space Station
Authors: McElderry Justin
Published: March 2020

MMaJIC (Microgravity Materials Joining Investigation Chamber) is a modular experiment chamber for performing materials science investigations. MMaJIC provides a controlled and sealed test environment for a wide variety of soldering and brazing experiment to examine porosity in microgravity. MMaJIC’s modular cartridge design includes a tray for housing the solder experiments and demonstrates simplicity to astronauts. SoLIDD (Solid Liquid Interface Directional Device) is a device for conducting directional solidification experiments which enables control of the microstructural development. SoLIDD has capability for varying temperature gradient and growth velocity. These quantities utilize heaters, coolers, and a directional drive unit. ICED-T (Interface Control Experiment with Directional Translation) is an apparatus that conducts directional solidification experiments of transparent materials which allows direct observation of the solid/liquid interface. Currently, it is in a breadboard phase that consists of the components mounted to a surface that allows the sample to be placed in an upright position. Orientation of the experiment (solid on the bottom, liquid on top) is important during testing ground samples to maintain stability.  Ultimately, the goal of ICED-T is to conduct successful ground tests and then be configured to fit into an enclosure similar to MMaJIC and SoLIDD that could be utilized aboard the ISS.
Design of a Robot for the 2019 NASA Robotic Mining Competition
Authors: Braccio Matthew
Published: March 2020

The viability of extracting water on both the Moon and Mars is a focus of NASA as they explore the idea of In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU). Marquette Aerospace and Robotic Systems (MARS) is participating in the 2019 NASA Robotic Mining Competition (RMC), a competition driven by using the systems engineering process to design, build, and test a robot capable of autonomously mining icy-regolith simulant in an off-world terrain to simulate an ISRU mining mission. The team used systems engineering to guide technical management, design, and operations of the robot. With feedback from the team’s faculty advisor and industry sponsors, the team utilized multiple systems engineering approaches. No single systems engineering process was selected, rather the team drew from multiple reference texts. The proposed design satisfies the requirements outlined in the 2019 NASA RMC Rules and Rubrics and placed 6th out of 50 in the competition.
Canopy Near-infrared Observation Project
Authors: Shuldes Garrett Michael
Published: March 2020

The Canopy Near-infrared Observing Project (CaNOP) will utilize a multispectral pushbroom imager in a 3U CubeSat to carry out spectrally resolved imaging of global forest regions with spectral resolution sufficient to reproduce the LandSat 8 mission and calculate vegetation indices. The project provides an educational experience for undergraduate students to design, build, test, and operate a 3U CubeSat. Using concepts from fields such as physics, engineering, and computer science, students were to link the electrical, mechanical, and software components of the satellite together to create a flawless flow of information and power across the entirety of the satellite and its corresponding ground stations to which the images of the global forest regions will be transferred and analyzed. Two vegetation indices; the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) will be used in combination with the Net Primary Production (NPP) of any forest to produce the Gross Primary Production (GPP), which will then provide the information required to answer the argument that the CaNOP team’s hypothesis proposes: An old-growth forest will absorb more carbon than a newly grown secondary forest.
Designing Mars Missions for the Utilization of Rotorcraft
Authors: Gelhar Sophie R
Published: March 2020

Following the technical demonstration of the Mars Helicopter on the Mars 2020 mission, interest in further exploration of Mars utilizing rotorcraft is expected to increase. Previously, scientific exploration has been limited by the resolution of instruments on satellites and the terrain a rover can traverse. Rotorcraft enable exploration in previously inaccessible locations with increased efficiency compared to rovers and improved resolution (compared to satellites). This paper describes missions designed to utilize the unique capabilities of rotorcraft in order to advance the science performed extraterrestrially. For Mars this includes tasks such as determining if Mars ever supported life, understanding climate processes and history, determining the evolution of Martian geology, and preparing for human exploration. The missions fall into three general categories: rover assistance, sample collection, and data collection. Complimentary conceptvehicles are also discussed. This paper is meant to serve as a reference, resource, and starting point for the future exploration of Mars with rotorcraft.
2019 Elijah High Altitude Balloon Payload: Electronic Failure at Altitude, Applications of Turbulence and Sonification of Data
Authors: Hennigan Nicholas McWilliam , Beaty Chance , Endres Eileen , Schuler Daniel , Washburn D'Amoure , Wolfgramm Katherine
Published: March 2020

The 2019 WSGC Elijah High-Altitude Balloon Payload Fellowship focused on 4 high-altitude phenomena: Modular Payload Design, Applications of Air Turbulence (power generation and visualization), Electronic Behavior at Altitude, and Sonification of Atmospheric Data. Modular payload design focused on user-accessibility by creating friction-reducing rings in-between insulation and the instrumentation capsule. Height-adjustable, modular shelving was also constructed. Turbulence and Electronics project both suffered data loss during flight. However, post-flight lab analysis showed the power generation apparatus produced 96J – 120J and turbulence visualization’s potential to assist in calculating Eddie dissipation rates. Additionally, Electronic Behavior observed corona discharges across large electrical gaps near-vacuum pressures. Sonification of Data used computer algorithms to transcribe data relationships into music. The intent was to allow users to perceive data relationships and patterns aurally.
Spectral Density Method of Liquid Propellant Gauging
Authors: Ananda Celestine Elyse
Published: March 2020

My summer internship experience with NASA Kennedy Space Center’s Advanced Engineering Development Branch focused on collecting and processing data to aid in developing Modal Propellant Gauging (MPG) for use in future Orion/SLS missions. The MPG project is an effort to develop a non-invasive low-cost propellant mass gauging technology for application to existing spacecraft propellant tanks in both low-gravity and earth-loading applications. During my internship I constructed a fuel gauging framework through characterizing the modal signature of a composite-overwrap liquid propellant tank used for testing purposes. I accomplished this through: writing and implementing algorithms that apply broadband white noise signals to piezoelectric actuators adhered to the tank surface, processing acoustic data using Fourier analysis, and producing frequency response functions to experimentally determine resonant modes of the tank structure. A limitation of the current MPG technique is that it does not work in environments with changing pressure; during my internship I also made fundamental contributions to the development of the Spectral Density Propellant Gauging Method, a technique that does not depend on the stiffness of the tank walls.
Calibration and Beam-Mapping Techniques for the Tianlai Pathfinder Dish Array
Authors: Oxholm Trevor
Published: March 2020

Hydrogen intensity mapping is a promising technique to measuring large-scale structure.  By detecting the integrated emission of the 21cm HI signal from many galaxies simultaneously, astronomers can survey larger volumes of the universe than ever before.  However, systematics related to foreground subtraction, variable antenna beam patterns, and calibration must be overcome before maps can be made of the 21cm signal.  The Tianlai Pathfinder array, a first-generation hydrogen intensity mapping experiment, is being constructed in order to practice and demonstrate our ability to overcome these challenges.  We demonstrate two methods, delay-delay rate filtering and point source calibration, in order to understand the systematics of the Tianlai instrument.  The methods used here will be used to help demonstrate the feasibility of full-scale hydrogen intensity mapping experiments, while contributing to the experimental toolset used for such experiments.
Design of an Autonomous and Timed Water Delivery System in Microgravity
Authors: Elke William , Heineck Maia , Meffert Jonah , Monaghan Ellie , Palesse Jason
Published: March 2020

For long-duration, manned, space exploration missions to be feasible, farming techniques in space must become reliable and fruitful. The NASA Project Veggie team currently runs experiments on the International Space Station (ISS) in order to better understand how plants react to a microgravity environment. Current watering strategies on the ISS involve manual watering of all plants by the crewmembers. This poses a problem because watering plants must be scheduled into the crewmembers’ days which means less time to work, etc. The objective of Team International Space Salads (ISSa) was to create a device and prove that it could function in microgravity without electricity to autonomously water the plants in order to allow for schedule flexibility of the ISS crewmembers and to lay the foundation for watering systems for deep-space travel. The final device did not function fully as planned, however, the plant growing, surface tension experiments, and the device collectively progressed the multi-year project to a state where successive teams would have the knowledge and tools necessary to create a fully functioning device.
A new prey item for the tegu lizard Salvator merianae v1
Authors: Diniz Heithor
Published: March 2020

To produce the article "A new prey item for the tegu lizard Salvator merianae Duméril and Bibron, 1839 (Squamata: Teiidae)" the first step was to observe the animal behaviour in the field during a field work. On december 30, 2018 at 12:27h in the district of Barretos, municipality of Alvinópolis, state of Minas Gerais (-20.05940, -43.19308; ca 680m a.s.l.). We identified a tegu lizard specie, Salvator merianae, exhibiting a particular moviment, then we were able to conclude that it was a predation attempt upon a snake. After the animal process to immobilize its prey we could recognize the snake genre, a Dipsas sp. It was an animal interact never reported before. The sucssesful predation event lasted about six minutes and the process was recorded and deposited at Fonoteca Neotropical Jacques Vielliard (ZUEC-VID 784). The species identification was made by specialists by colour patterns and geographic localization. For the Salvator merianae diet data compilation, we made a literature review searching for predation reports by S. merianae in articles and cientific available on online repositories such as Scholar Google and Web of Science. Key-words were used for the search, just as: Tupinambis or Salvator merianae, diet, and predation. We also checked the references of compiled articles to incorporate data that was not found by the search engine. With all data compilated from the literature search, an excel spreadsheet was made with the following information about the tegu's prey: order, family, specie, situation of the prey according to the study, the study reference etc.
Reliability assessment of repairable phased-mission system by monte carlo simulation based on modular sequence-enforcing fault tree model
Authors: Liu Chenxi , Kramer Achim , Neumann Stephan
Published: March 2020

Phased-mission system (PMS) is the system subject to multiple, consecutive and non-overlapping tasks. Much more complicated
problems will be confronted when the PMS is repairable since the repairable system could perform the multi-phases mission with
more diversity requirements. Besides, various maintenance strategies will directly influence the reliability analysis procedure.
Most researches investigate those repairable PMSs that carry out the multi-phases mission with deterministic phase durations,
and the mission fails once the system switches from up to down. In this case, one common maintenance strategy is that failed
components are repairable as long as the system keeps in up state. However, many practical systems (e.g., construction machinery, agricultural machinery) may be involved in such multi-phases mission, which has uncertain phase durations but limited by a
maximum mission time, within which failed components can be unconditional repaired, and the system can be restored from down
state. Comparing with the former type of repairable PMS, the latter will also concern phase durations dependence, and both the
system and components included have the state bidirectional transition. This paper makes new contributions to the reliability
assessment of repairable PMSs by proposing a novel SEFT-MC method. Two types of repairable PMS mentioned above are considered. In our method, a specific sequence-enforcing fault tree (SEFT) is proposed to correctly depict failure logical relationships
between the system and components included. In order to transfer the graphical fault tree (no matter its size and complexity) into
a modular reliability model used in Monte Carlo (MC) simulation, an improved linear algebra representation (I-LAR) approach
is introduced. Finally, a numerical example including two cases corresponding to the two types of repairable PMS is presented to
validate the proposed method.
Reliability modeling based on power transfer efficiency and its application to aircraft actuation system
Authors: Cui Xiaoyu , Li Tongyang , Wang Shaoping , Shi Jian , Ma Zhonghai
Published: March 2020

The power transfer systems (PTS) has special reliability properties, including multiple states and fault dependence. Consequently,
traditional binary-state reliability modeling methods cannot accurately evaluate the reliability of PTS. In order to resolve the
contradiction between terminal energy demand and power transfer capability of PTS, this paper proposes a novel multi-state reliability model based on power transfer efficiency (PTE) for reliability evaluation of PTS. The multi-state model caused by performance degradation based on PTE is considered in this paper. In addition, the failure correlation in virtue of the system structure and
energy allocation mechanism is analyzed in the proposed model, and the corresponding reliability evaluation result is obtained under different terminal energy requirements. The approach is verified on the example of a dual hydraulic actuation system (DHAS),
in which the stochastic model based on the generalized stochastic Petri nets (GSPNs) is established and combined with the power
transfer capability via universal generating function (UGF). Though changing flow rate to face the degradation rate of hydraulic
pump, the reliability assessment of DHAS based on the proposed reliability model is effective and accurate.
Synthesis of naturalistic vehicle driving cycles using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method
Authors: Puchalski Andrzej , Komorska Iwona , Ślęzak Marcin , Niewczas Andrzej
Published: March 2020

Simulation methods commonly used throughout the design and verification process of various types of motor vehicles require
development of naturalistic driving cycles. Optimization of parameters, testing and gradual increase in the degree of autonomy of
vehicles is not possible based on standard driving cycles. Ensuring representativeness of synthesized time series based on collected
databases requires algorithms using techniques based on stochastic and statistical models. A synthesis technique combining the
MCMC method and multifractal analysis has been proposed and verified. The method allows simple determination of the speed
profile compared to classic frequency analysis.
A simulation approach on reliability assessment of complex system subject to stochastic degradation and random shock
Authors: Pourhassan Mohammad , Raissi Sadigh , Hafezalkotob Ashkan
Published: March 2020

Many systems are affected by different random factors and stochastic processes, significantly complicating their reliability analysis. In general, the performance of complicated systems may gradually, suddenly, or continuously be downgraded over times from
perfect functioning to breakdown states or may be affected by unexpected shocks. In the literature, analytic reliability assessment
examined for especial cases is restricted to applying the Exponential, Gamma, compound Poisson, and Wiener degradation processes. Consideration of the effect of non-fatal soft shock makes such assessment more challenging which has remained a research
gap for general degraded stochastic processes. Through the current article, for preventing complexity of analytic calculations, we
have focused on applying a simulating approach for generalization. The proposed model embeds both the stochastic degradation
process as well randomly occurred shocks for two states, multi-state, and continuous degradation. Here, the user can arbitrarily
set the time to failure distribution, stochastic degradation, and time to occurrence shock density function as well its severity. In
order to present the validity and applicability, two case studies in a sugar plant alongside an example derived from the literature
are examined. In the first case study, the simulation overestimated the system reliability by less than 5%. Also, the comparison
revealed no significant difference between the analytic and the simulation result in an example taken from an article. Finally, the
reliability of a complicated crystallizer system embedding both degradation and soft shock occurrence was examined in a threecomponent standby system.
A reliability model for load-sharing k-out-of-n systems subject to soft and hard failures with dependent workload and shock effects
Authors: Che Haiyang , Zeng Shengkui , Guo Jianbin
Published: March 2020

A component in a k-out-of-n system may experience soft and hard failures resulting from exposure to natural degradation and random shocks. Due to load-sharing characteristics, once a component fails, the surviving components share an increased workload,
which increases their own degradation rates. Moreover, under the larger workload, random shocks may cause larger abrupt degradation increments and larger shock sizes. Therefore, the system experiences the dependent workload and shock effects (DWSEs).
Such dependence will cause the load-sharing system to fail more easily, though it is often not considered in existing methods. In
this paper, to evaluate the system reliability more accurately, we develop a novel reliability model for load-sharing k-out-of-n
systems with DWSEs. In the model, the joint probability density function of shock effects to soft and hard failures is developed to
describe the DWSEs on a component. To derive an analytical expression of system reliability with load-sharing characteristics
and DWSEs, conditional probability density function is used to model the random component failure times. A load-sharing MicroElectro-Mechanical System (MEMS) is then utilized to illustrate the effectiveness of the reliability model
Attitudes of women toward for early diagnosis of cervical cancer: health responsibility and associated factors
Authors: ÖNAL Betül , ALP YILMAZ Figen
Published: March 2020

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the attitudes of women toward early diagnosis of cervical cancer, and the relationship between these attitudes, and health responsibility and some factors. Materials and Methods: This study was performed with 662 women aged 21 to 65. The Descriptive Characteristics Form, Attitude Scale for Early Diagnosis of Cervical Cancer and Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Scale II-Health Responsibility Subscale were used for data collection.Results: In the present study, it was detected that perceived susceptibility of women were at moderate levels while their perceived severity, barriers and benefits were at low levels. A negative correlation was detected between Health Responsibility and Perceived Susceptibility Among the significant variables that impact attitudes toward early diagnosis of cervical cancer are women’s individual and some obstetric characteristics, their health responsibility. Conclusion: The participating women’s perceived susceptibility of attitudes toward early diagnosis of cervical women was at a moderate level while their perceived severity, barriers and benefits were at a low level. Age, educational attainment, income level, presenting to the clinic for regular gynecological examinations and history of gynecological cancer in the family were some factors that had an impact on the health responsibility and attitudes of the participating women toward early diagnosis of cervical cancer. In the light of these findings, evidence-based, individualized nursing services such as physical and psychosocial care, training and consultancy can be planned to improve women’s attitudes toward early diagnosis of cervical cancer.
Gebelerin algılanan stres düzeylerinin ve stres nedenlerinin değerlendirilmesi
Authors: KARATAŞ BARAN Gonca , ŞAHİN Sevil , ÖZTAŞ Dilek , DEMİR Pervin , DESTİCİOĞLU Raziye
Published: March 2020

Amaç: Bu araştırma; riskli olan ve olmayan gebelerin algılanan stres düzeylerini ve stres nedenlerini incelemek ve karşılaştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma örneklemini, Ağustos 2017-Şubat 2018 tarihleri arasında Ankara’da bulunan Sağlık Bakanlığı’na bağlı iki hastanenin Kadın Doğum Servisi ve Gebe Polikliniğine başvuran 312 gebe (156 riskli/156 normal) oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak “Anket Formu” ve “Algılanan Stres Ölçeği (ASÖ)" kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Riskli gebelerde ASÖ puanı ortancası 24.0, normal gebelerde 21.0 olarak tespit edilmiş ve riskli gebelerde ASÖ puanı normal gebelerde elde edilen değerlerden anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulunmuştur. Çalışmamızda riskli gebelik tanısının konmuş olması, gebelikte tehlike belirtilerinin varlığı, gebelikte olumsuz durumların ortaya çıkmış olması ve gebelik süreci ile ilgili belirsizlikler gibi stres nedenleri riskli gebelerde daha fazla oranda görülürken, doğum ile ilgili korkular nedeni ile stres yaşama durumu normal gebelerde fazla görülmektedir. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda her iki gruptaki gebelerin ASÖ puanı orta düzeydedir ve riskli gebelerde ASÖ puanı normal gebelerde elde edilen değerlerden anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulunmuştur. Gebelikte olumsuz psikososyal reaksiyonların tanınması ve koruyucu sağlık hizmetlerinin geliştirilmesinin, anne ve bebeğin sağlık sonuçlarının iyileştirilmesine katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
The frequency of avascular necrosis in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: BALCI Sibel , KIŞLA EKİNCİ Rabia Miray , PİŞKİN Ferhat Can , MELEK Engin , ATMIŞ Bahriye , DOĞRUEL Dilek , ALTINTAŞ Derya Ufuk , KARABAY BAYAZIT Aysun
Published: March 2020

Purpose: Avascular necrosis (AVN) is a debilitating complication of juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (jSLE). The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and clinical characteristics of patients with AVN in jSLE from a single center. Material and Methods: Fifty-eight jSLE patients diagnosed according to the American College of Rheumatology classification criteria were included in this retrospective study. Disease activity of jSLE patients was measured by SLE Disease Activity Index-2K (SLEDAI-2K), organ damage was determined by the pediatric version of the systemic lupus international collaborating clinics/American College of Rheumatology damage index (pedSDI) at last visit. Results: Among 58 jSLE patients, the female patients accounted for 86.2% (n=50). Mean baseline SLEDAI-2K score was 21.47±8.96. The number of patients with at least one damage item of pedSDI was 24 (41.4%), in which 5 patients (8.6%) had AVN. There were no statistical differences between the groups except baseline complement 3 (C3) level was significantly lower in patients with AVN. Conclusion: Baseline low C3 level might be a predictor for AVN development in jSLE patients.There is unmet need for multicenter studies investigating possible risk factors of AVN in jSLE patients.
Complementarity of energy resources for the electrical generation: a review
Authors: Aldana Urrea Angélica Vanessa , Rodríguez Patarroyo Diego Julián
Published: March 2020

Ante las necesidades de aumentar los índices de cobertura eléctrica, generar medidas para la adaptación al cambio climático y diversificar la matriz energética de los países, se han desarrollado diversos estudios para establecer la complementariedad entre recursos energéticos. En este sentido, este documento presenta una revisión bibliográfica de algunas regiones a nivel mundial, para evidenciar las iniciativas investigativas alrededor del estudio de la complementariedad energética. Esta revisión incluye estudios que, además de establecer la complementariedad entre recursos solares, eólicos e hídricos, incluyen demanda, precios de electricidad, etcétera. De los resultados obtenidos se destaca que, si bien diversos estudios realizados en todo el mundo han demostrado que la mayor parte de la producción de sistemas de energía renovable presenta una naturaleza variable y, en parte, impredecible, hacer uso de más de un tipo de energía renovable mejora el rendimiento de estos sistemas, disminuye las fluctuaciones en la generación y aumenta la confiabilidad del sistema. Asimismo, se encuentra que el método más utilizado para la evaluación de complementariedad energética es el factor de correlación. Otros métodos incluyen simulaciones, aplicación de modelos y algoritmos de optimización. La información insumo para la realización de estos estudios proviene de los registros de los sistemas eléctricos de potencia de los países, de la aplicación de modelos de predicción meteorológica, de datos climatológicos históricos procedentes de satélites o de mediciones de estaciones meteorológicas, entre otros. Para Colombia se observan oportunidades de generar conocimiento alrededor de la complementariedad de los recursos energéticos.
Edición especial en Ingeniería Eléctrica, Telecomunicaciones y Ciencias de la Computación
Authors: Ballesteros Dora Maria
Published: March 2020

En esta edición especial de la revista Ciencia e Ingeniería Neogranadina, el lector podrá encontrar artículos de investigación y de revisión en las áreas de ingeniería eléctrica, electrónica, telecomunicaciones, y Ciencias de la Computación. Todos los artículos publicados han sido evaluados por revisores nacionales y/o internacionales expertos en cada una de estas temáticas.
Tendências atuais no tratamento endodôntico por cirurgiões dentistas no Brasil
Authors: Oliveira Marcela Assis Vaz Batista , Athias Leonardo , Prado Maira
Published: March 2020

Objetivo: conhecer as principais práticas adotadas atualmente por cirurgiões dentistas, clínicos gerais e endodontistas na realização do tratamento endodôntico. Material e Métodos: um questionário contendo 21 perguntas de múltipla escolha foi enviado para os profissionais, nas cinco regiões do país. As perguntas abordaram o tempo de experiência, tipos de técnicas, materiais e recursos auxiliares. Resultados: a maior parte dos respondentes são do Sudeste e Sul, endodontistas há menos de 10 anos. Realizam até 20 tratamentos/mês, utilizam localizador apical, instrumentação manual com limas de aço inoxidável associada a brocas gates glidden/largo, lupa e isolamento absoluto. O hipoclorito de sódio (2,5 a 5%) e o EDTA são os irrigantes mais utilizados juntamente com o ultrassom. O tratamento é feito em sessão única, porém o diagnóstico pulpar pode alterar o número de sessões. Quando é necessário o uso de medicação intracanal, o hidróxido de cálcio associado a outras formulações é a primeira escolha. Para obturação do sistema de canais radiculares é utilizada a técnica de condensação lateral e o cimento à base de óxido de zinco e eugenol. O selamento coronário entre sessões é feito com coltosol e com cimento de ionômero de vidro ao término do tratamento, quando os pacientes são encaminhados a outro profissional para restauração final. Atualizam-se através de artigos científicos e mostram abertura para testar novos produtos. Conclusão: a maioria dos participantes aderem a práticas atuais com uso de novas tecnologias durante o tratamento e se atualizam através da leitura de artigos científicos
Sustentabilidade e diversidade vegetal em agroecossistemas no município de Bragança Paulista, São Paulo
Authors: Oliveira Junior Clovis José Fernandes , Santana Salomé Sarachu
Published: March 2020

Devido a crescente constatação dos efeitos negativos da agricultura empresarial e das grandes monoculturas sobre o meio ambiente e os ecossistemas naturais, considerando ainda a presença de resíduos de pesticidas no alimento produzido, muitos pesquisadores têm apontado a necessidade de se pensar modelos de produção agrícola com maior equilíbrio socioambiental. Os sistemas agroflorestais e a utilização de espécies nativas encontram-se no rol de possibilidades que apresentam maior resiliência ecológica e promotora de desenvolvimento sustentável, capaz de produzir alimentos saudáveis, gerar renda e prover serviços ambientais e ecossistêmicos. Este trabalho, por meio de estudos em sistemas agroflorestais plantados por agricultoras e agricultores familiares na região do município de Bragança Paulista (SP, Brasil), objetivou analisar a diversidade de espécies encontrada nos agroecossistemas. As espécies foram categorizadas conforme sua origem e função no sistema, sendo também calculados os índices de diversidade e dominância. Buscou-se relacionar os resultados encontrados à sustentabilidade, no sentido de se construir parâmetros que possam avaliar a prestação de serviços ambientais pelo agroecossistema. Foi encontrado maior predomínio de espécies alimentares, em preterimento das espécies adubadeiras, bem como um equilíbrio entre exóticas e nativas. Os agroecossistemas apresentaram boa diversidade, com baixo índice de dominância. Concluímos que a categorização das espécies possibilita melhor planejamento da área, pois facilita a visualização das funções ecológicas que o agroecossistema é capaz de produzir, e que somado aos índices de diversidade, auxiliam na construção de parâmetros para monitorar a sustentabilidade e resiliência ecológica da propriedade.
Extrato de babosa e manjericão na germinação e crescimento inicial de rúcula
Authors: Mattos Amanda Do Prado , Machado Bruna Rezer , Rissato Bruna Broti , Alves Luis Henrique Brambilla
Published: March 2020

Algumas plantas podem produzir compostos secundários com potencial benéfico no manejo agrícola, como alternativa à utilização no tratamento de sementes, porém, podem apresentar algum tipo de alelopatia inibitória ao desenvolvimento de determinadas culturas de interesse. Logo, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar efeitos alelopáticos do extrato aquoso de manjericão (Ocimum basilicum L.) e babosa (Aloe vera L.) em concentrações na germinação e desenvolvimento inicial de sementes de rúcula (Eruca sativa L.). A concentração para o extrato aquoso foi de 20% (peso/volume) e a partir desta, foram obtidas as demais concentrações. Os tratamentos utilizados foram as concentrações de 25, 50, 75 e 100% dos extratos de babosa e manjericão extraídos pelo método a frio de turbólise, e testemunha com água autoclavada.Os efeitos dos extratos foram avaliados quanto as variáveis: índice de velocidade de germinação, porcentagem de germinação, comprimento de radícula e parte aérea. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com 6 repetições, sendo a unidade experimental composta por uma caixa gerbox com 50 sementes de rúcula. As doses de manjericão e babosa foram testadas em experimentos distintos. Os extratos de manjericão e de babosa apresentam substâncias que favorecem o desenvolvimento da parte aérea, influenciaram negativamente no desenvolvimento da radícula, porém, não apresentaram efeito alelopático na germinação final e velocidade de germinação de sementes de rúcula.
CORPORATE FINANCIAL POLICY AND ITS IMPACT ON SUSTAINABLE CAPITAL STRUCTURE: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM TEXTILE FIRMS OF PAKISTAN
Authors: Sultan Khurram , Rzgar Ahmed Ramyar , Jafar Rahim , Muzammal Murtaza Muhammad , Gardi Bayar
Published: March 2020

Purpose of the study: In this article, the objective is to discover the influence of business financial policy on the firm’s Capital structure of the textile zone of Pakistan. The present outcomes of productivity, total assets, future growth, and asset structure have started a discussion over the total debt ratio.

Methodology: The methodology used to conduct this work in order to examine the effect of total assets, future growth, profitability, and asset structure and its impact on total debt ratio, Panel data analysis has been accomplished and together the firm and industry explicit dynamics have been measured, yearly data has been taken off 96 textile firms of Pakistan concluded the period of 2012 - 2017 for OLS, regression model & LSDVM.

Main Findings: The results reveal that the OLS regression model is not a good fit and the model shows that there is no significant impact of all the independent variables on the dependent variables. Whereas the results of LSDVM indicated that this model is a good fit, the model revealed that the entire individuals have combined effect on the dependent variable. Similarly, the alternate hypothesis indicates the significant influence of independent variables on the dependent variable whereas the Null hypothesis indicated no or insignificant influence of independent variables on the dependent variable.

Application of this study: This study contributes toward the financial sector for policymakers in order to construct the best capital configuration of the firm. This study also suggests that which element is having more importance while making capital configuration of the firm.

The originality of this study: Capital structure is a crucial issue for entrepreneurs and CEOs of any firm. The number of studies is available related to other industries but fewer studies are available related to the textile firms of Pakistan so this research work provides the technique while making the best capital configuration for textile firms of Pakistan.
Określenia antysemickie w dyskursie kibicowskim (na przykładzie Łodzi)
Authors: Burska Katarzyna
Published: March 2020

Celem artykułu jest analiza określeń nawiązujących do Żydów w wypowiedziach niedarzących się wzajemną sympatią kibiców dwóch klubów piłkarskich z Łodzi — Widzewa i ŁKS-u. Materiał egzemplifikacyjny został pozyskany z forów internetowych. Posługiwanie się etykietą Żyda odbywa się dwustronnie. Fani obu łódzkich klubów używają nie tylko ekspresywizmu Żyd, w języku kibiców zawsze będącego wyrazem deprecjacji i zniewagi, lecz także nacechowanych pejoratywnie jego derywatów oraz licznych określeń synonimicznych i metaforycznych, które mają na celu wyśmianie przeciwnika.
EMDR as an Adjunctive Psychological Therapy for Patients With Functional Neurological Disorder: Illustrative Case Examples
Authors: Cope Sarah R.
Published: March 2020

Functional neurological disorder (FND) is a common diagnosis in neurology clinics, and there is some evidence psychological therapy can be of benefit. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy (EMDR) is a well-evidenced treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and there is increasing evidence that it is beneficial for other conditions. EMDR is a therapy designed to focus on distressing memories, and therefore can be used for non-PTSD presentations where distressing memories are relevant. There is a small amount of case study evidence that EMDR can be used successfully with FND presentations and comorbid PTSD. This article describes two illustrative case examples of people diagnosed with FND who have distressing memories relevant to their presentation. Presenting functional symptoms included functional non-epileptic attacks and functional sensory symptoms. Psychological treatment-as-usual plus EMDR resulted in improvements for both cases and demonstrated that EMDR is a promising additional treatment option for FND presentations, appropriately selected. Recommendations regarding further research are made.
Financial Transparency Scale: Its Development and Potential Uses
Authors: Koochel Emily E. , Markham Melinda S. , Crawford Duane W. , Archuleta Kristy L.
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this study was to develop the Financial Transparency Scale (FTS) to assess financial transparency, the open and honest disclosure of one's finances, between married partners. A sample of 183 individuals married for less than 5 years, in their first marriage, completed an online survey. Principal components analysis (PCA) was conducted and determined the FTS is comprised of three components: Financial Partnership, Financial Secrecy, and Financial Trust and Disclosure. The FTS was positively correlated with four related scales: the Kansas Marital Satisfaction Scale, the Shared Goals and Values Scale, the Frequency of Financial Management Scale, and the Communication Patterns Questionnaire – Short Form. An alpha of .94 was reported for the FTS. Financial practitioners can use the FTS as a tool to determine the level of financial transparency within a couple relationship, identify areas of concern, and illustrate the importance of open and honest communication about finances.
Parental Financial Education During Childhood and Financial Behaviors of Emerging Adults
Authors: LeBaron Ashley B. , Holmes Erin K. , Jorgensen Bryce L. , Bean Roy A.
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this article was to determine whether overt financial education from parents during childhood (retrospective measure collected in the same survey wave) is associated with a greater frequency of healthy financial management behaviors in emerging adulthood, and whether this relationship is dependent on gender. Using a sample of emerging adults from the Flourishing Families dataset (N = 437), we ran two multivariate linear regressions—one with and one without the interaction variable. Results suggest that financial education from parents during childhood is linked with a greater frequency of healthy financial behaviors in emerging adulthood but was not dependent on gender. Financial educators should involve parents when teaching children about money, and they should educate parents on how to teach their children about money.
A Situated Learning Approach to Measuring Financial Literacy Self-Efficacy of Youth
Authors: Prevett Pauline S. , Pampaka Maria , Farnsworth Valerie L. , Kalambouka Afroditi , Shi Xin
Published: March 2020

In setting a new direction for the field by highlighting the importance of measure development, this article offers an original approach to modeling financial literacy, in which theories of situated learning meet self-efficacy: an approach that we claim fits well with the aims of program evaluation. It presents results from the validation of a new set of measures, intended for use with 16- to 19-year-olds, of financial literacy self-efficacy pertaining to contexts such as the classroom or the everyday activity of personal banking. Self-efficacy implies a domain in which confidence is measured specific to that context—in this case financial literacy. The data were collected in the United Kingdom from high school and college students enrolled in an optional certificate course in personal financial management. The measures were validated on a subset (n= 171) of a larger sample and was an off-shoot project of a larger 3-year evaluation study of the financial literacy certificate course (n= 2,000), which provided additional mixed-methods data used in validation. Correlation analysis supports the contention—incorporated within the framework presented—that self-efficacy is context-specific and so measures of self-efficacy must adequately reflect the contexts in which the associated literacies reside.
Prediction of Default Risk in Peer-to-Peer Lending Using Structured and Unstructured Data
Authors: Lee Jei Young
Published: March 2020

Using data from Lending Club, we analyzed funded loans between 2012 and 2013, the default status of which were mostly known in 2018. Our results showed that both the borrower characteristics and the conditions of the loan were significantly associated with the loan default rate. Results also showed that the sentiment of a user-written loan description influenced the borrower's loan interest rates. It contributes to expanding the scope of peer-to-peer (P2P) loan research by implementing unstructured data as a new model variable. Financial counselors need to consider the growth potential of the P2P loan market using data analysis: This will reveal niche market opportunities, enabling the development of services necessary for the safe supply of small loans at reasonable interest rates.
Measuring Medication Adherence Among Type 2 Diabetes: An Integrative Review
Authors: Conway Cheryl , Kelechi Teresa , Gregoski Mathew
Published: March 2020

Background and Purpose

The literature indicates there is a lack of evidence of a standard for diabetes medication adherence (MA) measures. The purpose of this integrative review (IR) was to identify instruments appropriate to measure MA among adults with T2DM.

Methods

The IR was conducted according to Whittemore and Knafl (2005) methodology. The databases CINAHL, OVID, PubMed, and Scopus were searched for manuscripts published between 2006 and 2016 using the keywords “adherence,” “diabetes,” “instrument,” and “measure.” Ten manuscripts reflecting the psychometric properties of twelve published instruments were reviewed.

Results

The most commonly used instrument was the Morisky Medication Adherence 8 item. Reliability and validity varied among studies.

Conclusion

The findings suggest the need for continued psychometric testing of diabetes MA instruments.
Silencing and Voice in Philip Pullman’s Northern Lights
Authors: PINAR DOLAYKAYA Mürüvvet Mira
Published: March 2020

Children’s literature can be argued to expose its child readers and characters to certain norms because of its conventionally didactic quality, reverberation of adults’ nostalgic feelings, and tendency to create an image of the ideal child. This, however, creates a hierarchy between childhood and adulthood, rendering the child silent and passive both outside and inside the text. Published in 1995, Philip Pullman’s Northern Lights destabilizes the hierarchy between adulthood and childhood, restructures archetypal renditions, and gives voice to the child that has been supressed in various ways in didactic children’s books. In this respect, this paper aims to analyse how such issues as silencing, voice, ideal child are employed in Pullman’s novel. It explores modern children’s fantasy as a fruitful ground not only for problematizing the hierarchies between binaries such as adult/child, adulthood/childhood, and maturity/immaturity but also for providing children with the voice and individuality they were deprived of in earlier examples of children’s literature.
Henry James and The Bildungsroman: Between Convention and Its Alteration
Authors: GOLBAN Petru , ALTAŞ Sinan
Published: March 2020

Some of the most important and popular Victorian novels are Bildungsromane, in which authors construct or rather reconstruct their own life experiences as formative processes. To mention just David Copperfield, Great Expectations, Jane Eyre, The Mill on the Floss, Marius the Epicurean, and so on. Following its long development history from ancient narratives to Goethe’s Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre, the Bildungsroman enters as a newly established fictional tradition into Victorian culture and literature through Carlyle’s threefold literary reception of the novel of formation and displays its subsequent flourishing and complexity as a literary system encompassing particular thematic and narrative patterns. In this study, a number of novelistic works by Henry James are scrutinized, and each faces the question as to whether its thematic and narrative perspectives fit the pattern and shape of the Bildungsroman.
Robert Schumann’ın Op. 129 Viyolonsel Konçertosu’na Genel Bir Bakış
Authors: KARLIDAĞ Mehmet Semih
Published: March 2020

Romantik dönemin en önemli bestecilerinden Robert Schumann’ın (1810-1856) hayatının son döneminde viyolonsel repertuvarına kazandırdığı Op. 129 La Minör Viyolonsel Konçertosu, yorumcular tarafından sıklıkla seslendirilen bir eser olmakla beraber, viyolonsel repertuvarının en önemli eserlerinden biri olarak bilinmektedir. Eseri geçmişten günümüze viyolonsel repertuvarında bu denli önemli kılan başlıca unsurlar, konçertonun Robert Schumann’ın hayatı boyunca yazdığı tek viyolonsel konçertosu olması ve eserin, bestecinin hayatının son döneminin izlerini taşıyan özgün müzikal dilinin bir yansıması olmasıdır. Eser hakkında Türkiye’de yeterli akademik çalışmanın olmaması nedeniyle bu araştırmayla, Robert Schumann’ın Op. 129 La Minör Viyolonsel Konçertosu’nun viyolonsel repertuvarındaki öneminin vurgulanarak, eserin bestecinin hayatındaki tarihsel süreçteki yeri ve biçimsel açılardan ele alınması, karşılaştırmalı olarak yorumlama tekniklerinin incelenmesi ve eser hakkında bilgi sahibi olmak isteyen müzik araştırmacılarına, eseri yorumlayacak çellistlere bir kaynak oluşturması amaçlanmıştır.