bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical Energy Storage
Authors: Buckley D. Noel , O'Dwyer Colm , Quill Nathan , Lynch Robert P.
Published: October 2018

Electrochemical energy storage systems have the potential to make a major contribution to the implementation of sustainable energy. This chapter describes the basic principles of electrochemical energy storage and discusses three important types of system: rechargeable batteries, fuel cells and flow batteries. A rechargeable battery consists of one or more electrochemical cells in series. Electrical energy from an external electrical source is stored in the battery during charging and can then be used to supply energy to an external load during discharging. Two rechargeable battery systems are discussed in some detail: the lead–acid system, which has been in use for over 150 years, and the much more recent lithium system; sodium–sulfur and nickel–metal hydride systems are also briefly discussed. A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell in which the reactants supplying the energy are not stored in the cell itself but rather are continuously supplied to the electrodes from an external source. A common example is a hydrogen–oxygen fuel cell: in that case, the hydrogen and oxygen can be generated by electrolysing water and so the combination of the fuel cell and electrolyser is effectively a storage system for electrochemical energy. Both high- and low-temperature fuel cells are described and several examples are discussed in each case. A flow battery is similar to a conventional rechargeable battery in that it can be repeatedly charged and discharged. However, the energy storage material is dissolved in the electrolyte as a liquid and so can be stored in external tanks. Various types of flow batteries are available or under development. Three of the more important examples are discussed in some detail: the all-vanadium flow battery, the zinc–bromine hybrid flow battery and the all-iron slurry flow battery. Some other examples are also briefly mentioned. The choice of electrochemical storage system is highly dependent on the specific requirements of the project that is being considered, the associated upfront capital and lifetime expenditure costs and end-of-life, environmental and safety considerations.
Photochemical Energy Storage
Authors: Neri Gaia , Forster Mark , Cowan Alexander J.
Published: October 2018

This chapter highlights energy storage strategies that utilise solar energy to drive the formation of chemicals, fuels and feedstocks. The production of solar fuels that can be stored and transported is an attractive way to address the intermittency of terrestrial solar energy and provide sustainable access to the fundamental feedstocks upon which society has come to rely. The solar energy-driven reactions considered here are the splitting of water to produce hydrogen and oxygen, and the coupled oxidation of water and reduction of CO2 to produce a variety of higher value carbon products and oxygen. The chapter aims to provide an introductory overview of both direct (photochemical) and indirect solar (photovoltaic-enabled electrolysis) routes to these fuels.
A simple and isothermal ligase-based amplification approach based on a ligation-activated cleavage reaction
Authors: Ma Fei , Liu Huan , Li Chen-chen , Zhang Chun-yang
Published: October 2018

We develop a simple and isothermal ligase-based cyclic amplification approach for the sensitive detection of polynucleotide kinase, DNA, proteins and ATP.
Intramolecular cycloaddition/rearrangement cascade from gold(iii)-catalysed reactions of propargyl aryldiazoesters with cinnamyl imines
Authors: Qiu Huang , Arman Hadi , Hu Wenhao , Doyle Michael P.
Published: October 2018

Surprising rearrangement of dihydroazepinyl aryldiazoacetates from a gold-catalysed [4+3]-cycloaddition to conjugated cycloheptene-1,4-dione-enamines.
Influence of membrane lipid composition on the structure and activity of γ-secretase
Authors: Aguayo-Ortiz Rodrigo , Straub John E. , Dominguez Laura
Published: October 2018

Insight into the effect of bilayer lipid composition on the GS structural ensemble and function using multiscale computational modeling approaches.
Extrapolation of high-order correlation energies: the WMS model
Authors: Zhao Yan , Xia Lixue , Liao Xiaobin , He Qiu , Zhao Maria X. , Truhlar Donald G.
Published: October 2018

We present a composite model chemistry, Wuhan–Minnesota scaled (WMS), with an excellent performance-to-cost ratio, including strongly correlated systems.
Modeling of the electrochemical double layer and its impact on intercalation reactions
Authors: Lück Jessica , Latz Arnulf
Published: October 2018

We deduce a generic interface theory to describe charge and electron transfer reactions at electrified interfaces based on fundamental principles.
Detailed kinetics of tetrafluoroethene ozonolysis
Authors: Mai Tam V.-T. , Duong Minh v. , Nguyen Hieu T. , Huynh Lam K.
Published: October 2018

The reaction mechanism was explored at the CCSD(T)/CBS//B3LYP/aug-cc-pVTZ level. Detailed kinetic analysis was firstly carried out using an ME/RRKM rate model with the inclusion of anharmonic and tunneling treatments. 1,3-Cycloaddition is found to be the rate-determining step. Calculated rate constants confirm the latest experimental data.
Multianalytical approach for surface- and tip-enhanced infrared spectroscopy study of a molecule–metal conjugate: deducing its adsorption geometry
Authors: Pięta E. , Paluszkiewicz C. , Kwiatek W. M.
Published: October 2018

Multianalytical approach to the surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (SEIRA) and tip-enhanced infrared nanospectroscopy (TEIRA) studies of α-methyl-dl-tryptophan adsorption geometry on a gold nanoparticle surface.
Direct observation of atomic step edges on the rutile TiO2(110)-(1 × 1) surface using atomic force microscopy
Authors: Wen Huan Fei , Miyazaki Masato , Zhang Quanzhen , Adachi Yuuki , Li Yan Jun , Sugawara Yasuhiro
Published: October 2018

Clarifying the atomic configuration of step edges on a rutile TiO2 surface is crucial for understanding its fundamental reactivity, and the direct observation of atomic step edges is still a challenge.
Tuning the reactivity of copper complexes supported by tridentate ligands leading to two-electron reduction of dioxygen
Authors: Suktanarak Pattira , Watchasit Sarayut , Chitchak Kantima , Plainpan Nukorn , Chainok Kittipong , Vanalabhpatana Parichatr , Pienpinijtham Prompong , Suksai Chomchai , Tuntulani Thawatchai , Ruangpornvisuti Vithaya , Leeladee Pannee
Published: October 2018

Dinuclear copper complex with tridentate ligand and anthracene linkage catalyses 2-electron reduction of O2.
Small-moment paramagnetism and extensive twinning in the topochemically reduced phase Sr2ReLiO5.5
Authors: Hasanli Nijat , Gauquelin Nicolas , Verbeeck Johan , Hadermann Joke , Hayward Michael A.
Published: October 2018

Topochemical reduction yields Sr2ReLiO5.5 which exhibits extensive microstructural twining and a strongly reduced local moment for Re6+, despite low-symmetry coordination.
Versatile exclusion-based sample preparation platform for integrated rare cell isolation and analyte extraction
Authors: Pezzi Hannah M. , Guckenberger David J. , Schehr Jennifer L. , Rothbauer Jacob , Stahlfeld Charlotte , Singh Anupama , Horn Sacha , Schultz Zachery D. , Bade Rory M. , Sperger Jamie M. , Berry Scott M. , Lang Joshua M. , Beebe David J.
Published: October 2018

Automated magnetic bead sample preparation platform for positive/negative cell selection and molecular endpoints.
Giant spontaneous exchange bias in an antiperovskite structure driven by a canted triangular magnetic structure
Authors: Ding Lei , Chu Lihua , Manuel Pascal , Orlandi Fabio , Li Meicheng , Guo Yanjiao , Liu Zhuohai
Published: October 2018

Schematic exchange bias and a vertical magnetization shift, originating from the mGM4+ magnetic structure in antiperovskites.
Tumour microenvironment-responsive semiconducting polymer-based self-assembling nanotheranostics
Authors: Yang Zhen , Dai Yunlu , Shan Lingling , Shen Zheyu , Wang Zhantong , Yung Bryant C. , Jacobson Orit , Liu Yijing , Tang Wei , Wang Sheng , Lin Lisen , Niu Gang , Huang Pintong , Chen Xiaoyuan
Published: October 2018

The nanoparticles exhibit excellent tumor accumulation and lead to complete tumor eradication with low power NIR laser irradiation.
PhI(OAc)2/NaX-mediated halogenation providing access to valuable synthons 3-haloindole derivatives
Authors: Himabindu Vittam , Parvathaneni Sai Prathima , Rao Vaidya Jayathirtha
Published: October 2018

This paper describes a mild phenyliodine diacetate mediated method for selective chlorination, bromination, and iodination of indole C–H bonds using sodium halide as a source for analogous halogenations.
Pyrophosphate effect on the photocatalytic degradation of phenol over bare and Pt-deposited Bi2WO6
Authors: Meng Jie , Zhao Jianjun , Xiong Xianqiang , Zhang Xiao , Xu Yiming
Published: October 2018

Pyrophosphate-mediated hole transfer from Pt/Bi2WO6to phenol can accelerate phenol degradation in aqueous solutions.
8-Amino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline in iridium(iii) biotinylated Cp* complex as artificial imine reductase
Authors: Facchetti Giorgio , Rimoldi Isabella
Published: October 2018

The imine reductase formed by the (R)-CAMPY ligand bound to the S112M Sav mutant showed an 83% ee in the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of 6,7-dimethoxy-1-methyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline.
RuOx-decorated multimetallic hetero-nanocages as highly efficient electrocatalysts toward the methanol oxidation reaction
Authors: Park Jongsik , Kim Hee Jin , Oh Aram , Kwon Taehyun , Baik Hionsuck , Choi Sang-Il , Lee Kwangyeol
Published: October 2018

RuOx-decorated RuPtCu hetero-nanocages exhibit highly active and stable electrocatalytic performances toward the methanol oxidation reaction.
Highly conductive porous graphene/sulfur composite ribbon electrodes for flexible lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Chong Woon Gie , Xiao Youhua , Huang Jian-Qiu , Yao Shanshan , Cui Jiang , Qin Lei , Gao Chao , Kim Jang-Kyo
Published: October 2018

Flexible, reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/graphene crumple (GC)/sulfur composite ribbons are prepared by wet spinning as the cathode for LSBs.
Interface engineered surface morphology evolution of Au@Pd core–shell nanorods
Authors: Xu Yanchao , Cui Xiaoqiang , Qi Kun , Wei Shuting , Wang Qiyu , Zheng Weitao
Published: October 2018

The surface morphology evolution of Au@Pd core–shell nanorods was controlled by adjusting the solution supersaturation.
Highly active Mg(ii) and Zn(ii) complexes for the ring opening polymerisation of lactide
Authors: McKeown Paul , McCormick Strachan N. , Mahon Mary F. , Jones Matthew D.
Published: October 2018

Simple, highly active, Zn(ii) and Mg(ii) complexes for the industrial ring opening polymerisation (ROP) of lactide.
Rh(iii)-Catalyzed α-fluoroalkenylation of N-nitrosoanilines with 2,2-difluorovinyl tosylates via C–H bond activation
Authors: Tian Miaomiao , Yang Xifa , Zhang Bo , Liu Bingxian , Li Xingwei
Published: October 2018

Rh(iii)-Catalyzed α-fluoroalkenylation of N-nitrosoanilines with 2,2-difluorovinyl tosylates has been realized, leading to the synthesis of monofluoroalkenes with high Z-selectivity with respect to the olefin.
Correction: Transcriptional analysis of long non-coding RNAs in facet joint osteoarthritis
Authors: Chen Chu , Xu Guanhua , Yuan Kun , Sun Yuyu , Bao Guofeng , Xu Dawei , Cui Zhiming
Published: October 2018

Correction for ‘Transcriptional analysis of long non-coding RNAs in facet joint osteoarthritis’ by Chu Chen et al., RSC Adv., 2018, 8, 33695–33701.
Non-ergodic tube structures in magnetic gels and suspensions
Authors: Borin Dmitry , Odenbach Stefan , Iskakova Larisa , Zubarev Andrey
Published: October 2018

We present results of a study of internal structures, which can appear in magnetic suspensions and gels filling a flat gap under the influence of a magnetic field applied perpendicular to the gap walls.
Improved similarity fusion scheme for cover song identification
Authors: Fan Yanlan , Chen Ning
Published: October 2018

A Cover Song Identification (CSI) scheme based on non‐linear graph fusion and Tensor Product Graphs (TPGs) diffusion is proposed as an improvement to the authors' previously proposed similarity fusion‐based CSI scheme. First, the harmonic progression, melody evolution, and rhythm‐based descriptors are extracted from the track, respectively. Next, Similarity Network Fusion is adopted to fuse the similarity graphs obtained based on two types of descriptors to take full use of the common as well as complementary properties between them. Finally, TPGs diffusion is performed on the obtained fused similarity graphs to take advantage of the manifold structure contained in them to improve the performance, further. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed scheme over their previously proposed one, in terms of identification accuracy and clustering performance.
Phase noise prediction for static frequency dividers and ring oscillators
Authors: Dyskin A. , Kallfass I.
Published: October 2018

This Letter presents a method of predicting the phase noise limits of static frequency dividers. The proposed phase noise model for free‐running and injection‐locked modes is based on the circuit parameters only. The model provides an intuitive comprehension of the phase noise behaviour of static frequency dividers and is proved to be useful in primary hand calculations. The method was verified against measurement results of a static frequency divider‐by‐two, operated at 77 GHz and fabricated in a SiGe process.
Case study of PV output power degradation rates in Oman
Authors: Honnurvali Mohamed Shaik , Gupta Naren , Goh Keng , Umar Tariq , Kabbani Adnan , Nazeema Needa
Published: October 2018

To meet the increase in peak electricity demand, reduce fossil fuel emissions in Oman, and as an initiative taken by the government, by 2030 15% (3000 MW) of the total energy mix (20,000 MW) should be generated from renewable energy resources. It is crucial for the stakeholders and photovoltaic (PV) enthusiast to predict the return on investments and its performance in the local climatic conditions. In this study, a case study has been presented where different factors under local climatic conditions are studied. The results showed that the output power degradation for all modules is around 1.96%/year, which is almost double compared with European countries. Electrical analysis of different PV technologies showed that multi‐crystalline silicon technology installed in hot‐and‐dry climate is degrading (around 2.54%/year) faster, while thin‐film technology (CdTe) has shown lowest degradation (average of 0.8%/year) compared with any other PV technology. Furthermore, infrared image analysis showed that the presence of hot cells in PV modules is also a significant contributing factor in PV degradation rates. Severity of interconnect breakage tests confirm the increase of the series resistance of PV modules, which further contributes to the reduction of short‐circuit current and thus PV maximum output. power.
Symmetric double bubbles in the Grushin plane
Authors: Franceschi Valentina , Stefani Giorgio
Published: October 2018

We address the double bubble problem for the anisotropic Grushin perimeterPα,α≥ 0, and the Lebesgue measure in ℝ2, in the case of two equal volumes. We assume that thecontact interfacebetween the bubbles lies on either the vertical or the horizontal axis. We first prove existence of minimizersviathe direct method by symmetrization arguments and then characterize them in terms of the given area by first variation techniques. Even though no regularity theory is available in this setting, we prove that angles at which minimal boundaries intersect satisfy the standard 120-degree rule up to a suitable change of coordinates. While forα= 0 the Grushin perimeter reduces to the Euclidean one and both minimizers coincide with the symmetric double bubble found in Foisyet al.[Pacific J. Math.159(1993) 47–59], forα= 1 vertical interface minimizers have Grushin perimeter strictly greater than horizontal interface minimizers. As the latter ones are obtained by translating and dilating the Grushin isoperimetric set found in Monti and Morbidelli [J. Geom. Anal.14(2004) 355–368], we conjecture that they solve the double bubble problem with no assumptions on the contact interface.
On Majorization Problems Associated with the Subclass Q(j, λ, α, n) of Starlike Functions with Positive Coefficients
Authors: Baba Hüseyin , Kadıoǧlu Ekrem
Published: October 2018

We consider the subclass Q(j, λ, α, n) of starlike functions by using thedifferential Dn operator and functions of the form f(z) = z + Σk∞ = j + 1 akZkwhich are analytic in the open unit disk. In this paper is to investigate anmajorizationproblem for the subclassQ(j, λ, α, n). Relevant connections of the main result obtained in this paper with those given by earlier workers on the subject are also pointed out.
Novel Recursive Approximation for Fractional Nonlinear Equations within Caputo-Fabrizio Operator
Authors: Yavuz Mehmet
Published: October 2018

This study displays a novel method for solving time-fractional nonlinear partial differential equations. The suggested method namely Laplace homotopy method (LHM) is considered with Caputo-Fabrizio fractional derivative operator. In order to show the efficiency and accuracy of the mentioned method, we have applied it to time-fractional nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation. Comparisons between obtained solutions and the exact solutions have been made and the analysis shows that recommended solution method presents a rapid convergence to the exact solutions of the problems.
Four Point Implicit Methods for the Second Derivatives of the Solution of First Type Boundary Value Problem for One Dimensional Heat Equation
Authors: Buranay Suzan Cival , Farinola Lawrence Adedayo
Published: October 2018

We construct four-point implicit difference boundary value problem for the first derivative of the solution u(x,t) of the first type boundary value problem for one dimensional heat equation with respect to the time variable t. Also, for the second derivatives of u(x,t) special four-point implicit difference boundary value problems are proposed. It is assumed that the initial function belongs to the Hölder space C8+α,0 < α < 1, the heat source function given in the heat equation is from the Hölder space [see formula in PDF], the boundary functions are from [see formula in PDF], and between the initial and the boundary functions the conjugation conditions of orders q = 0,1,2,3,4 are satisfied. We prove that the solution of the proposed difference schemes converge uniformly on the grids of the order O(h2+τ) (second order accurate in the spatial variable x and first order accurate in time t) where, h is the step size in x and τ is the step size in time. Theoretical results are justified by numerical examples.
Measurement of the Actual Contact Area of Details by the Power of a Reflected Light Beam Directed to a Contact Surface Covered with a Film
Authors: Titov Arkadiy , Sandulyak Anna , Baharev Mikhail , Sandulyak Alexander
Published: October 2018

Measurement of the actual area of details contact is important for control of friction and wear of such details. For this purpose, in particular, on a surface of one of details of couple covered with the thinnest layer of lubricant the thin film of coal is putted. On the raised dust surface impose the second detail of couple and squeeze them the application of normal loading. Light spots of contact are measured by planimetry. Instead of direct (labor-consuming) measurement of a large number of the areas of spots of contacts it is expedient to use integrated determination of the actual area of details – on the power of the beam of light reflected from ledges of a contact surface. The optical scheme of the device is developed, the efficiency of which for implementation is shown. Measurement of the actual area of details contact is important for control of friction and wear of such details. For this purpose, in particular, on a surface of one of details of couple covered with the thinnest layer of lubricant the thin film of coal is putted. On the raised dust surface impose the second detail of couple and squeeze them the application of normal loading. Light spots of contact are measured by planimetry. Instead of direct (labor-consuming) measurement of a large number of the areas of spots of contacts it is expedient to use integrated determination of the actual area of details – on the power of the beam of light reflected from ledges of a contact surface. The optical scheme of the device is developed, the efficiency of which for implementation is shown.
Novel Exact Solutions of the Extended Shallow Water Wave and the Fokas Equations
Authors: DURAN Serbay , KARAAGAC Berat , ESEN Alaattin
Published: October 2018

In this study, a Sine-Gordon expansion method for obtaining novel exact solutions of extended shallow water wave equation and Fokas equation is presented. All of the equations which are under consideration consist of three or four variable. In this method, first of all, partial differential equations are reduced to ordinary differential equations by the help of variable change called as travelling wave transformation, then Sine Gordon expansion method allows us to obtain new exact solutions defined as in terms of hyperbolic trig functions of considered equations. The newly obtained results showed that the method is successful and applicable and can be extended to a wide class of nonlinear partial differential equations.
Risk Assessment with Failure Mode and Effects Analysis and Grey Relational Analysis Method in Plastic Injection Process
Authors: Ünlükal Ceren , Şenel Mine , Şenel Bilgin
Published: October 2018

This study aims to evaluate the risks that may arise during the production process in a plastic injection manufacturing enterprise with traditional Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) and Grey Relational Analysis (GRA). Although it is a widely used analytical technique that helps to identify and reduce the risks of failure in a process, the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) has some drawbacks that the different risks can have the same risk priority values and the weight of risk factors is not take into consideration. This situation has been tried to be eliminated by integrating the FMEA with the GRA. As a result, it is seen that the order of risk priority values of the identified failure changes according to both methods.
Inspection of artificially built mechanical failures through innovative condition monitoring techniques
Authors: EROL S.Seçkin , MERAN Cemal
Published: October 2018

In this study, the factors influence on root causes of failure initiation are examined with the original test implementation and condition monitoring techniques are emphasized. In working toward this goal, the laboratory test setups and tests which have been created by international research bodies are examined and in order to practise a new research work, a unique test setup system and a test plan is built. In this target of the root cause failure detection, vibration data at radial direction and electrical consumption data are collected through the analysis by comparing two different condition monitoring techniques. In this research, fault detection in modeling fault conditions and vibration, electrical consumption measurement have been let us examination in depth. During the tests, data are collected simultaneously in vibration by four-channel Data Acquisition Card (DAC) and electrical consumption by Motor Condition Monitoring (MCM) system which are integrated with an computer system. Respect to the study results; vibration analysis in detection of defects has been judged to be more successful in comparison with electric consumption analysis under the test conditions in perspective of condition based predictive maintenanceIn the study, it is mentioned that detection of failure initiations at sensitive levels and importance of consequent results.
The Reverse Operation Of Knot Digraph Notation
Authors: UĞUR Tamer , ELMALI Ceren Sultan , YALAZ Ferit
Published: October 2018

It is well known that bitopologies associated with knot digraphs is finded by using knot digraph notation. In this work, we have developed a method that we called reverse of knot digraph notation to find out which knot belongs to when a bitopology associated with the knot is given.
New Wave Solutions for Nonlinear Differential Equations using an Extended Bernoulli Equation as a New Expansion Method
Authors: DURAN Serbay , KAYA Doǧan
Published: October 2018

In this paper, we presented a new expansion method constructed by taking inspiration for the Kudryashov method. Bernoulli equation is chosen in the form of F′=BFn-AF and some expansions are made on the auxiliary Bernoulli equation which is used in this method. In this auxiliary Bernoulli equation some wave solutions are obtained from the shallow water wave equation system in the general form of “n-order”. The obtained new results are simulated by graphically in 3D and 2D. To sum up, it is considered that this method can be applied to the several of nonlinear evolution equations in mathematics physics.
Regarding the numerical solutions of the Sharma-Tasso-Olver equation
Authors: Sulaiman Tukur Abdulkadir , Yokus Asif , Gulluoglu Nesrin , Baskonus Haci Mehmet
Published: October 2018

With aid of the Wolfram Mathematica package, this study investigates the solutions of a nonlinear model with strong nonlinear- ity, namely; the Sharma-Tasso-Olver equation. We use the improved Bernoulli sub-equation function method in acquiring the analytical so- lution to this equation, we successfully obtain one-singular soliton so- lution with exponential function structure. Through the obtained ana- lytical solution, the finite forward difference method is used in approx- imating the exact and numerical solutions to this equation. We check the stability of the finite forward difference method with this equation using the Fourier-Von Neumann stability analysis. We find the L2 and L∞ norm error to the numerical approximation. We present the in- teresting 3D and 2D figures of the obtained singular soliton solution. We also plot the graphics of the numerical error, exact and numeri- cal approximations data obtained in this study by using the MATLAB package.
Pre-Service Lower Secondary School Mathematics Teachers’ Ability of Drawing the Symmetry of a Figure according to a Line
Authors: Mutlu Ebru , Duatepe-Paksu Asuman
Published: October 2018

The aim of the present study is to investigate pre-service lower secondary school mathematics teachers’ ability of drawing a given figure’s symmetry according to the lines in various positions. The sampling of the study comprised eight pre-service mathematics teachers who were attending a mathematics education department and willing to participate in the study. The criterion sampling methods was used. Six open-ended questions were asked to determine the ability of the prospective teachers to take the symmetry of a given figure according to the lines in different situations. Furthermore, interviews were conducted with the participants on their definitions of symmetry and symmetry according to a line. The data of the study were the prospective teachers’ drawing papers and the video recordings of the interviews including the definitions of the concepts of symmetry and symmetry according to a line. Content analysis was used to analyze the data. The findings indicated that the prospective teachers were successful in drawing the symmetry of a given figure according to the vertical, horizontal and oblique lines, and they used an informal language to define the concepts of symmetry and symmetry according to a line.
Brief Note on System Signature and Long Term Method
Authors: Gurcan Mehmet , Bugatekin Ayse T.
Published: October 2018

In this paper, the system signature of the system is creating by using the long-term method and then the transition matrices of each step are calculated. In this way, it is possible to have information about the reliability of the system after each unit becomes failure. Also, in this study, three systems are presented as examples.
Power Side Channel Analysis and Anomaly Detection of Modular Exponentiation Method in Digital Signature Algorithm Based Fpga
Authors: Sönmez Burcu , Özer Ahmet Bedri
Published: October 2018

In this study, digital signature application was performed on FPGA with classical RSA and Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT). The power consumption of the system was observed when the digital signature process was performed on the FPGA. In order to distinguish the modular exponentiation methods as the classical RSA and the Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT), the anomaly detection method was applied to the digital signature application using the power side channel analysis of the system. According to the obtained result, it is proved that information about the structure of the algorithm executing in the system can be obtained by using the power information consumed by a cryptographic device.
Lacunary Statistical Convergence of Order alpha and Lacunary Strongly Summable Sequences of Order alpha of Generalized Difference Sequences
Authors: Et Mikail , Şengül Hacer , Çınar Muhammed
Published: October 2018

The notion of theαth order Δim- lacunary statistical convergence andαth order lacunary strongly (Δim, p)-summable sequences was introduced by Altınok et al. [1]. They also gave significant inclusion correlation associated with the aforementioned sequence spces. In this paper, our aim is to exploit some other important relations between the given notions.
Bernstein operator of rough I-core of triple sequences
Authors: Ozdemir M. Kemal , Esi Ayhan , Esi Ayten
Published: October 2018

We introduce and study some basic properties of Bernstein-Stancu polynomials of rough I-convergent of triple sequence spaces and also study the set of all Bernstein-Stancu polynomials of rough I-limits of a triple sequence spaces and relation between analytic ness and Bernstein-Stancu polynomials of rough I-core of a triple sequence spaces.
On the exact solitary wave solutions to the long-short wave interaction system
Authors: Baskonus Haci Mehmet , Sulaiman Tukur Abdulkadir , Bulut Hasan
Published: October 2018

In this paper, the application of the simplified the extended sinh-Gordon equation expansion method to the long-short-wave interaction system. We successfully construct various solitary wave solutions to this nonlinear complex model. The long-short-wave interaction system describes the interaction between one long longitudinal wave and one short transverse wave propagating in a generalized elastic medium. The 2D and 3D surfaces to some of the obtained solutions are plotted.
Use of the cross-type dowels when connecting elements of timber bridges
Authors: Popov Anatoly , Zinoviev Vladimir
Published: October 2018

The use of cross-type dowels that are battered down with a gunshot method makes it possible to reduce labor intensity and speed up the process of erection and reconstruction of timber bridges. Objective of this paper is to develop a methodology for estimation of the permissible distance between dowels. For this purpose, the method of holographic interferometry in colliding beams was used. The resulting equations were obtained for the patterns of interference fringes observed in reflected light transmitted through the hologram. The investigations showed that the shear component of the strain tensor decreases exponentially with distance from the dowel. The concept of deformation attenuation constant was introduced, i.e. the distance at which the deformation decreases by e times. It is recommended to set dowels at a distance equal to eight attenuation constants.
Simulation of stresses in asphalt-concrete pavement with frost heaving
Authors: Churilin Vladimir , Efimenko Sergei , Matvienko Oleg , Bazuev Viktor
Published: October 2018

The article reviews the issue of the stress-strain state of the road surface in the winter period as a result of roadbed soil heaving. The main purpose of the work is to determine the stress fields in the asphalt-concrete pavement, which is necessary for designing of frost-resistant roadbeds in the areas with seasonal freezing of roadbed soils. The following research methods were used: theoretical, laboratory, field. With consideration of different properties of materials and geometric dimensions of the road surface section, stress fields in the asphalt-concrete pavement during freezing were obtained with the use of the software product. Comparison of theoretical studies with the results of experimental and full-scale tests showed that the forms of theoretical solutions describe the stress fields in the freezing asphalt-concrete pavement quite accurately.
Estimation of container system development in a region
Authors: Kochneva Daria , Say Vasily , Parshina Valentina
Published: October 2018

A relevant problem of scientific research is formalization of the processes of interaction between transportation systems and the region in the context of modern ideas of synergetic approach. The purpose of this article is to develop a methodology for assessing and forecasting the needs of a region for container transport system development. The methodology includes two elements. First is the model for forecasting region's demand for container transportation based on the methods of correlation-regression analysis, index prediction and the Monte Carlo method. Second is the imitation model for assessing the needs of the region in the technical and organizational development of the container system. Organizational development is achieved due to system integration of market players, coordinated management of container flows, which makes it possible to establish the synergistic effect availability.
Optimization flow model for handling car flows at the marshalling yard
Authors: Alexandrov Alexander , Galkin Alexander , Timukhina Elena , Tushin Nikolai
Published: October 2018

Mathematical modeling is widely used in studies of operational planning in railway transport. Mainly heuristic algorithms and simulation modeling is used in short-term planning at marshalling yards. There is an opportunity to improve the quality of planning using strict optimization models. The objective of the study was to find a way to optimize the multi-terminal transport flows of the complex structure by the example of operational planning for handling car flows at the marshalling yard. The process model was built on the basis of Mixed Integer Linear Program (MILP) method. The article provides the mathematical setting and describes results of calculations of the reference example. The LpSolve application package was used. The technological effect is estimated through checking the optimal solution on the simulation model.
Modeling of large railway polygons
Authors: Timukhina Yelena , Kozlov Petr , Kolokolnikov Vitaly , Tushin Nikolay
Published: October 2018

When large junctions of railway polygons are studied, detailed modeling is subject to some limitations. Therefore, it is necessary to develop appropriate tools. This paper presents an aggregate (macromodeling) technique for necks and yards of railway stations. Results of calculations based on aggregate models are highly consistent with results of detailed modeling, which confirms the applicability of this modeling method to railway polygons. The proposed principles were implemented on the basis of the IMETRA simulation system. The resulting polygon model makes it possible to determine the total throughput of a polygon and to identify bottlenecks that slow down car traffic.
Quality assurance and control system for railway track tamping
Authors: Ilinykh Andrey , Manakov Alexey , Abramov Andrey , Kolarzh Sergey
Published: October 2018

Ensuring stable parameters of a railway track after bringing it into a design position is a key measure of quality for evaluating completed repairs. Identifying quality criteria for sleeper tamping using a special rolling stock is a high-priority problem for a railway track infrastructure. This problem is complicated by a large choice of ballast compaction, leveling and finishing machines, totaling more than 30 types. The paper presents results of theoretical studies aimed at assuring and controlling the quality of tamping by multi-purpose track machines. The factors that determine the stability of railway track parameters in operation were identified. The track repair processes were analyzed. The operating factors that are essential for developing qualitative process parameters were identified for various types of track machines. Based on the findings of these studies, a quality assurance and control methodology was developed for railway track repair and maintenance operations.
Development of transport systems as one of the areas of Industry 4.0
Authors: Komarov Konstantin
Published: October 2018

This article considers the results of research conducted to define the impact of information technology (IT) on the development of regional transport systems (TS) within the subjects of the Russian Federation. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of digitalization on transport systems and to assess its economic consequences. Methods of analytical modelling, ranging and spatial differentiation are used. The differentiated recommendations are offered for cities, agglomerations and regions for assessing the economic consequences of transport digitalization.
Whole Body Vibration Analysis of Baby Hammock
Authors: Ko Ying Hao , Geh Chia Sin
Published: October 2018

Studies have been carried on the effect of rocking on a baby and concluded that baby sleeps easier while being rocked. In Malaysia, as in many Southeast Asian Countries, it is common to put babies to sleep in a baby hammock. the vertical rocking motion generated by baby hammock has exposed babies to whole-body vibration (WBV). It has been shown by ISO2631 (1997) that WBV may lead the discomfort and adverse effect on health. Standards have been set by ISO 2631 (1997) concerning the WBV for people in a recumbent position and consider weighted vibrations of more than 2 m/s2 to be extremely uncomfortable. However, standards concerning the allowable amount vibrations a baby in a baby hammock can safety endure are currently lacking. WBV analysis of the baby hammock with the weight ranged from 3kg to 14kg is conducted. For each measurement, four conditions are considered: manual rocking, auto rocking with low, medium and high speed. In this study, average root-mean-square values for the acceleration were found to be at a maximum of 2.46 m/s2, and to be above the extremely uncomfortable level. This study develops a baseline exposure time for the baby hammock before it reaches the safety values of exposure action value (EAV) and exposure limit value (ELV) set by ISO 2631(1997).
An Experimental Study on the Effect of Surface Texture on Contact Stiffness Using Soft Material
Authors: Fuadi Z.
Published: October 2018

Contact interface is one of the most important factors in a mechanical contact because it is the place where friction, sound, and heat originate. It is therefore inevitable that modeling various phenomenon related to contact dynamics requires a proper representation of the contact interfaces. One of the methods in representing the behavior of two surfaces in contact is by using the parameter of contact stiffness. In this study, the effect of surface texture on contact stiffness is analyzed. the texture was used in order to reduce the randomness of surface roughness. the soft material was chosen to achieve a pure elastic contact thus preventing plastic deformation to the asperities. the analysis was conducted by using an indentation method employing a steel ball with a relatively small indentation force. the result show contact stiffness values of the textured surfaces were smaller than that of smooth surface. This is particularly observed at low normal load at which total deformation of the surface is relatively small compared to the asperities height. This decrease in the contact stiffness value of the textured surfaces can be related to the reduction in the real contact area.
Numerical And Experimental Investigations of Nonlinearity Behaviour In A Slender Cantilever Beam
Authors: Bahari A. R. , Yunus M. A. , Abdul Rani M. N. , Ayub M. A. , Nalisa A.
Published: October 2018

Nonlinear problem is always occur in slender structures that are usually characterized by large displacements and rotations but small strains. Linear design assumption could lead to premature failure if the structure behaves nonlinearly. In this paper, the static displacement of a slender beam subjected to point load is investigated numerically by incorporating the large amplitude of the displacement. Two types of numerical analyses are performed at a full-scale finite element model which is linear static and geometric nonlinear implicit static. the results of the FEA linear static analysis are compared with the results from the FEA geometric nonlinear implicit static analysis. It shows that very high different load-displacement value response. Experimental static displacement test has been performed to validate both numerical results.
Topology Analysis of Bicycle Rim Brake Pad to Improve Braking Performance
Authors: Keong Le-Onn , Teoh Choe-Yung
Published: October 2018

Various parameters of rubber brake pad tribology will affect the braking performance of a rim brake system of a bicycle. Out of those, three main parameters are contact length of brake pad, surface topology of friction surface, and the thickness of rim brake pad. the goals of this study are to improve the braking performance of rim brakes to have better friction performance while retaining its simplicity of manufacturing and to investigate the effect on friction performance through the modifications of external dimensions and surface topology of rim brakes. Moreover, through this study, it can reveal which topology modifications of the rubber brake pad will have the most significance effect towards friction performance. Experimental measurement is used to obtain the friction properties and then parametric study was carried out numerically to obtain the braking performance of the rubber brake pad. the parametric study was simulated in ANSYS Transient Structural analysis. Taguchi design method was used for quantitatively identifying the right inputs and parameter levels. the results showed that smaller groove and smaller width contribute to higher friction performance. Stress concentration occurs at the edge of groove; hence, by reducing number of groove, it allows higher braking force to be generated. Location of groove concentration appears to have insignificance effect to the friction performance. Through the topology modifications, it improves the braking performance by 3%. As for external dimension, thick rubber brake pad will not demonstrate any improvement and longer contact length will demonstrate higher friction force. However, it has to be bounded by the practicality of the dimension. Upon modifications at the external dimension, it has an improvement of 64% in braking performance.
A Stochastic Model For Protrusion Activity
Authors: Etchegaray Christèle , Meunier Nicolas
Published: October 2018

In this work we approach cell migration under a large-scale assumption, so that the system reduces to a particle in motion. Unlike classical particle models, the cell displacement results from its internal activity: the cell velocity is a function of the (discrete) protrusive forces exerted by filopodia on the substrate. Cell polarisation ability is modeled in the feedback that the cell motion exerts on the protrusion rates: faster cells form preferentially protrusions in the direction of motion. By using the mathematical framework of structured population processes previously developed to study population dynamics [4], we introduce rigorously the mathematical model and we derive some of its fundamental properties. We perform numerical simulations on this model showing that different types of trajectories may be obtained: Brownian-like, persistent, or intermittent when the cell switches between both previous regimes. We find back the trajectories usually described in the literature for cell migration.
Cell Division And The Pantograph Equation
Authors: van Brunt B. , Zaidi A. A. , Lynch T.
Published: October 2018

Simple models for size structured cell populations undergoing growth and division produce a class of functional ordinary differential equations, called pantograph equations, that describe the long time asymptotics of the cell number density. Pantograph equations arise in a number of applications outside this model and, as a result, have been studied heavily over the last five decades. In this paper we review and survey the rôle of the pantograph equation in the context of cell division. In addition, for a simple case we present a method of solution based on the Mellin transform and establish uniqueness directly from the transform equation.
Measure Solutions To The Conservative Renewal Equation
Authors: Gabriel Pierre
Published: October 2018

We prove the existence and uniqueness of measure solutions to the conservative renewal equation and analyze their long time behavior. The solutions are built by using a duality approach. This construction is well suited to apply the Doeblin’s argument which ensures the exponential relaxation of the solutions to the equilibrium.
Recent Advances in the Total Synthesis of Clavaminols
Authors: Jin Tian , Zhao Lu , Zheng Zhe-Bin , Liu Xiao , Sun Liang , Lin Jia-Fu
Published: October 2018

Clavaminols are a new class of long-chain 2-amino-3-­alkanols that mostly contain 2R,3S-configurations. Owing to their interesting molecular architectures and promising activities, they have ­become popular targets for synthetic organic chemists. In this review, we highlight 12 total syntheses of clavaminols from different research groups during the period 2009 to 2018.

1 Introduction

2 Synthetic Approaches toward Clavaminols

2.1 Total Synthesis by Chemla and Colleagues (2009)

2.2 Total Synthesis by Greck and Colleagues (2010)

2.3 Total Synthesis by Sutherland and Zaed (2011)

2.4 Total Synthesis by Huang and Colleagues (2011)

2.5 Total Synthesis by Kotora and Colleagues (2012)

2.6 Total Synthesis by Kumar and Colleagues (2013)

2.7 Total Synthesis by Prabhavathi Devi and Colleagues (2013 and 2016)

2.8 Total Synthesis by Sarabia and Colleagues (2014)

2.9 Total Synthesis by Mohapatra and Colleagues (2016)

2.10 Total Synthesis by Lu and Colleagues (2016)

2.11 Total Synthesis by Jin and Colleagues (2017)

2.12 Total Synthesis by Kumar Pandey and Colleagues (2018)

3 Conclusion
Papillary Tumor of the Pineal Region: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Yamaki Vitor , Vera Felipe , Ribeiro Renan , Medeiros Raphael , Teixeira Manoel , Figueiredo Eberval
Published: October 2018

Papillary tumor of the pineal region (PTPR) is a neuroectodermal tumor thought to originate from cells of the subcommissural organ. Its oncologic properties are still under investigation, as well as the most suitable therapeutic measures for this type of neoplasm. We report the case of a 36-year-old woman with a 1-year history of headache and intermittent diplopia. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan showed a heterogeneously enhancing mass in the pineal region that caused an acute hydrocephalus, and an emergency shunt derivation was necessary. One week later, the patient was submitted to subtotal tumor resection, and remained asymptomatic in the post-operative period. In the follow-up, the patient remained asymptomatic; in the imaging control 3.5 years after the surgical resection, local recurrence was identified, and the patient was submitted to a local radiation protocol. Our literature review showed an early clinical onset due to intracranial hypertension signs. Definitive clinical onset might be reached only through a histopathological examination. Gross total resection followed by radiotherapy is the current standard of care. Local recurrence is often observed, with rare dissemination to the cerebral spinal fluid. The natural history of the PTPR remains unknown, as well as the best treatment strategy. Large case series with longer follow-ups are necessary for further conclusions.