bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Semiotic Study of Selected Political Cartoons in Nigerian Newspapers
Authors: OMOLABI IBRAHIM , NIKE ABIODUN ABDULSALAM
Published: December 2020

Communication has become inextricable part of human lives and the visual modes of communication has been employed in the print media as a veritable means of communicating very serious issues metaphorically. Thus, Semiotic study constitutes a form of discourse which requires visual display of knowledge to understand and interpret any given text. Thus, several attempts have been made on the study of political cartoons using the canonical classifications of Austin’s (1962) and Searle’s (1969) speech acts, implicature, contextual variables as well as Pragmatic Acts theory. However, little attention has been given to van Leeuwen & Gunther kress’ Semiotic Theory in analysing political cartoons in Nigerian newspapers. Hence, this study explores social semiotic theory perceived with the use of language in political cartoons in order to bring to the fore the covert meanings concealed in it, and to correct the societal ills in witty and humorous ways. The study is anchored on van Leeuween and Gunther Kress’ Social Semiotic theory as the theoretical appurtenance. A total of ten (8) political cartoons were selected and analysed from three Nigerian daily newspapers (The Nation, The Sun & Daily Trust). The study revealed that more meaning would have been lost, if not for the advancement of scholars on the exponent of multimodality. This was because people tend to be more concentrated on the monomodal; linguistic approach to meaning, whereas study of data as newspapers’ cartoons and other visual designs transported more than one mode of meaning to communicate a more complete, coherent and complementary meaning. It was also discovered that cartoons enable the readers to understand the difference between the linguistic and non-linguistic resources and how they are used together to create meaning. The study concludes that cartoon has become a haven for journalists in unveiling and satirising delicate political issues.

Keywords: Social Semiotic Theory, Political, Nigerian Newspapers, Cartoons and Datum.
Taking a Retrospect Look at our Sandwich Education: Quality or Quantity?
Authors: AMPOMAH ROBERT , TWUM AMPOFO ERIC , MANU JACOB
Published: December 2020

The current study investigated the outlook of sandwich programmes from the lenses of students, based on the acceptability of the programme, quality of the teaching and learning process as well as the challenges sandwich students face. With a survey research design, 250 sandwich students answered questions on the three constructs. At the end of the study, the researchers found evidence that there were no significant differences in the acceptability of sandwich programme, quality of sandwich programmes, challenges of sandwich students, based on gender as well as age. Males and females as well as older and younger students provided similar responses. Secondly, there was a significant difference in the three constructs, based on programme of study. Students offering different programmes provided different information. Thirdly, out of the three constructs, the challenges that sandwich students face had a significant difference in terms of their employment status. Students who were employed and those who were not employed gave different responses. Fourthly, there was a strong positive correlation among the three constructs. Finally, age, quality of sandwich programmes, and challenges of sandwich student’s constructs were good predictors of the acceptability of the sandwich programmes. The researchers recommend that there should be a close look at the age of students, the quality of teaching and learning process, and the challenges of sandwich students in order to determine the sustenance of sandwich programmes.

Keywords: Acceptability of Sandwich Programme, Quality of Sandwich Programmes, Challenges of Sandwich Students, Sandwich Students, Distance Education.
Experiência interdisciplinar: A apropriação social da natureza em Canguçu (RS)
Authors: Verdum Roberto
Published: December 2020

A experiência interdisciplinar, no âmbito do Programa de Pós-graduação em Desenvolvimento Rural – PGDR/FCE/UFRGS, se constituiu numa participação enquanto pesquisador e, ao mesmo tempo, enquanto orientador, em estudos relacionados à Biologia e à Geografia. Delimitou-se o município de Canguçu, no Rio Grande do Sul, como sendo o espaço geográfico empírico. Como objetivo principal, buscou-se com­preender a complexidade material dos aspectos relacionados à natureza, bem como a imaterial, nos as­pectos relacionados às estruturas e às dinâmicas sociais. Assim, duas abordagens foram desenvolvidas nas pesquisas: a) a leitura das heterogeneidades do meio e das desigualdades sociais; b) como os atores sociais manejam as potencialidades e as restrições do meio. Para analisar as heterogeneidades do meio, a espacialização dos sistemas de cultivo e de criação foram os instrumentos para identificar os meios pelos quais as heterogeneidades do meio predispõem a existência de uma diversidade de sistemas técni­cos. O estudo da produção agrícola ecológica permitiu entender que, entre os agricultores familiares, há diferenças culturais, de trajetórias individuais e coletivas. Por outro lado, verificou-se que estes são pro­dutores que não necessariamente estão subordinados a uma lógica de mercado, atuando como agentes mantenedores da biodiversidade e da sociodiversidade, na perspectiva do desenvolvimento rural.
Comunidades tradicionais em reservas extrativistas marinhas no estado do Pará: Conflitos e resistências
Authors: Da Silva Pimentel Márcia Aparecida
Published: December 2020

Este artigo trata do debate sobre as comunidades tradicionais em Reservas Extrativistas Marinhas do Estado do Pará. Inicialmente, contextualizam-se os argumentos para implantação das Áreas Protegidas e inclusão das comunidades locais, como promotoras da biodiversidade. Parte-se de documentos assinados em âmbito dos marcos legais internacionais, especialmente decorrentes da Conferência das Nações Uni­das para o Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento, realizada em 1992. Argumenta-se que a questão ambiental centrada na conservação da biodiversidade e sustentabilidade perpassa pela discussão do conhecimento tradicional e formas de manejo dos recursos e organização de territórios/maretórios. Fatores de pressões externas e fragilidades internas são mobilizados para questionar as formas de tensão sobre a organização e participação comunitárias. Inclui-se a necessidade do diálogo entre saberes, perspectiva pontuada nos campos da Geografia e da Ecologia Política. Para elucidar, apresenta-se a Resex Marinha de São João da Ponta e seu desafio em relação à participação comunitária na gestão da unidade ou em diferentes escalas de organização dos povos extrativistas.
Uso da terra pela agropecuária e sua relação com a erosão dos solos no município de Regente Feijó (SP)
Authors: De Santana Alessandro Donaire
Published: December 2020

A erosão acelerada é um dos problemas ambientais mais graves verificados no espaço rural brasileiro. Por isso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar dados agropecuários de produção e manejo da terra de Regente Feijó/SP, correlacionando-os com suas características pedoclimáticas e o avanço das erosões no município. Para tanto, recorreu-se às seguintes fontes: Levantamento Censitário das Unidades de Produção Agropecuária do Estado de São Paulo (CATI/LUPA, 2007/2008); Censos Agropecuários (IBGE, 2006; 2017); Produção Agrícola e da Pecuária Municipal (IBGE, 2016), além de trabalhos de campo. A síntese dos dados apontou que a maior parte do município é destinada às pastagens, seguidas das culturas temporárias e perenes, com predominância do cultivo convencional (aração mais gradagem) e do cultivo mínimo (só gradagem), num contexto em que mais da metade dos produtores rurais não recebe auxílio técnico. As ravinas e voçorocas identificadas nos trabalhos de campo estavam localizadas em áreas de pastagens, mas também resultam de um histórico processo de manejo inadequado dos solos com predominância de classe textural arenosa, principalmente associados às áreas de colinas onduladas e suavemente onduladas. Portanto, faz-se necessária a ampliação do auxílio técnico aos pequenos produtores rurais, além do fomento das práticas conservacionistas vegetativas e edáficas.
Examinando a injustiça ambiental a partir da contaminação do ar e de inundações nos arredores da Companhia Siderúrgica do Atlântico/Ternium, às margens da Baía de Sepetiba (Rio de Janeiro)
Authors: Tavares Thiago Roniere Rebouças
Published: December 2020

Instalada desde a década passada às margens da Baía de Sepetiba, mais precisamente no bairro de Santa Cruz (Rio de Janeiro), a Companhia Siderúrgica do Atlântico/CSA tem sido alvo de diversas críticas pelos impactos negativos causados no ambiente local. Dentre outras investigações, em nossa pesquisa de doutorado, nos propomos a examinar, a partir de dois eventos caracterizados como desastres ocorridos no bairro de Santa Cruz, como estes são promotores da situação de injustiça ambiental resultante da origem social do fenômeno. Resumidamente, os dois eventos são: (i) as inundações na Comunidade de São Fernando, decorrentes de alterações hidráulicas para construção da CSA, provocando consequentemente, o transbordamento de águas residuais no local (FIOCRUZ, 2014); (ii) a “chuva de prata”, fenômeno assim chamado pelos moradores, ocasionado pelo armazenamento contínuo do ferro gusa em poços ao ar livre (PACS, 2012). Assim, quando investigamos os efeitos nocivos que a implementação da CSA têm provocado no bairro de Santa Cruz, corroboramos os exames de autores como M. Lopes de Souza e H. Acselrad quanto à perspectiva analítica da categoria justiça ambiental, por esta nos permitir reconhecer que existe uma lógica política que distribui os impactos negativos gerados à sombra do discurso do ‘desenvolvimento econômico’ sobre os grupos que têm menos poder, indicando que há uma desigualdade ambiental expressa entre outras desigualdades historicamente recaídas sobre alguns grupos.
KARAKTERISTIK DAN KESEDIAAN CAREGIVERS KELUARGA DARI PASIEN DENGAN PENYAKIT KRONIS TENTANG PEMBENTUKAN SUPPORT GROUP
Authors: Teti Rahmawati Sri Rahayu,
Published: December 2020

Family caregivers have a crucial role in patients with chronic diseases. During caregiving care, they might have various experiences, successes, failures, problems, and also obstacles in caring the patients. Surely, they might feel stressed, anxious, frustrated, depressed, feel alone, and health problems. Subsequently, they need public attention to by finding solutions such as the idea of creating a group. The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics and willingness of family caregivers of patients with chronic diseases related to creating support groups. Quantitative research with cross-sectional study design was used. A total of 97 family caregivers of patients with chronic diseases were involved in this study with inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results showed that family caregivers aged an average of 45.71 ± 13.94 years with a minimum age of 20 years and a maximum age of 83 years, 69 people (71.1%) were female, 46 people (47.4%) had high school education level, 58 people (59.8%) was employee, 41 people (42.3%) have a relationship with patients as housewife, and 69 people (71.1%) are willing to build a support group. The conclusion of this study is expected to be the foundation in creating a support group in the family caregivers of patients with chronic diseases.
A contribuição de melhoria e a desapropriação por zona como instrumentos para a obtenção de recursos públicos para o investimento na infraestrutura
Authors: Nakamura Andre Luiz dos Santos
Published: December 2020

A contribuição de melhoria e a desapropriação por zona são instrumentos pouco utilizados no Brasil e que poderiam proporcionar a obtenção de valores necessários ao investimento público em infraestrutura. Ambos os institutos servem para captar a mais-valia decorrente do investimento estatal que não poderia ser apropriado por particulares, sob pena de ofensa ao princípio da igualdade nos ônus e benefícios decorrentes da atividade estatal. A valorização imobiliária decorrente da obra ou de serviço público pode incidir sobre todas as propriedades próximas à obra pública ou apenas sobre determinadas propriedades previamente identificáveis. Para a valorização geral ordinária, deve ser utilizada a contribuição de melhoria. Já para a valorização geral extraordinária, deve-se utilizar a desapropriação por zona. Para a valorização específica poderá o Estado abater do valor a ser indenizado a valorização experimentada pela área remanescente não desapropriada.
Hubungan Pelaksanaan Pencatatan Dengan Hasil Pencatatan Kohort Ibu
Authors: Nurlaela Emi , Ersila Wahyu , Kusuma Nur Intan
Published: December 2020

Pencapaian program KIA dapat dilihat dari Laporan Pemantauan Wilayah Setempat (PWS) KIA yang pencatatannya dilakukan perbulan. Laporan pencatatan bulanan ini merupakan hal yang sangat penting, karena hasil laporan ini dapat dijadikan tolok ukur dalam menilai pengendalian masalah kesehatan di seluruh wilayah kabupaten atau kota. Pencatatan kesehatan ibu dan anak dilakukan di buku KIA atau buku kesehatan ibu dan anak, kohort ibu dan pencatatan lainnya. Pencatatan kohort ibu merupakan pencatatan kondisi kesehatan ibu dari sejak hamil sampai melahirkan dan bayinya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan pelaksanaan pencatatan dengan hasil pencatatan kohort ibu di wilayah puskesmas kabupaten Pekalongan. Jenis penelitian ini diskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan Cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah bidan di puskesmas kabupaten pekalongan, jumlah sampel 62 bidan dengan teknik pengambilan menggunakan cluster random sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan dan Cheklist untuk megetahui hasil pencatatan kohort. Analisa data menggunakan chi square untuk mengetahui hubungan 2 variabel penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara pelaksanaan pencatatan dengan hasil pencatatan kohort ibu di puskesmas kabupaten Pekalongan dengan nilai p 0,792 (p>0,05). Saran hendaknya puskesmas melakukan monitoring dan evaluasi secara berkala terhadap kohort yang di laporkan oleh bidan, sehingga bidan dapat melaksanakan pencatatan kohort dengan baik.
Efeito de determinantes da renda de estabelecimentos agropecuários familiares do Sul do Brasil: os recursos e as capacidades percebidas no uso da informação
Authors: Feliciano Antonio Marcos , Mondardo Marcia , Araujo Luis Augusto , De Sá Marcelo Alexandre
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: O artigo analisa os efeitos de determinantes da renda de estabelecimentos agropecuários familiares da região Sul do Brasil, nos anos agrícolas 2014/15, 2015/16, 2016/17 e 2017/18, a partir da disponibilidade de recursos e capacidades percebidas no uso da informação, tendo como referencial teórico a Visão Baseada em Recursos (VBR). Método: A pesquisa assume características de estudo quantitativo, qualitativo, exploratório e descritivo. Uma equação de renda por regressão linear múltipla foi ajustada. Os dados, de uma amostragem intencional, foram obtidos de levantamento contábil, da aplicação de questionário e de grupos focais conduzidos junto aos agricultores. Resultado: Os estabelecimentos agropecuários apresentam variabilidade de renda, que, no limite superior, atinge valores próximos a R$ 90.000,00/unidade de trabalho homem e, no limite inferior, revelam valores próximos a zero em alguns anos. Entre os principais determinantes da renda, os custos reais apresentaram o maior efeito marginal e positivo entre todas as variáveis independentes, superando significativamente às demais variáveis analisadas. Outros determinantes revelaram relação negativa com a renda, como aqueles relacionados ao trabalho familiar e contratado. Em sua face qualitativa, identificou-se que os agricultores percebem suas capacidades no uso da informação como fortaleza, obtendo-se sete categorias de análise relacionadas às fontes de informação e seu uso. Conclusões: Os resultados da pesquisa se alinham às ideias da VBR, em que importa o modo como os recursos são combinados para gerar renda (valor) e não, simplesmente, a posse de recursos, e permitiu identificar um gap de conhecimento nessa área a ser suprido por meio de novas pesquisas.
Fundamentos microdinâmicos do subdesenvolvimento: aportes evolucionários à teoria da dependência de Celso Furtado
Authors: Ipiranga Andrey Hamilka , Arend Marcelo
Published: December 2020

O artigo objetiva revisitar o conceito de dependência cultural e de subdesenvolvimento de Celso Furtado a partir do approach evolucionário, mas especificamente através das abordagens institucionalista e neo-schumpeteriana, Nossa hipótese de trabalho é a de que a dependência cultural pode ser entendida como uma instituição histórica, uma espécie de hábito cognitivo de larga duração. O hábito da modernização de padrões de consumo estrangeiros é uma forma de aprisionamento institucional-cognitivo, que constrange o desenvolver da criatividade no agentes econômicos locais. Tal aprisionamento institucional restringe a dinâmica inovativa das empresas nacionais, pois desenvolvem-se em um sistema econômico onde a estrutura de incentivos premia ações imitativas em detrimento de processos de busca por inovações disruptivas. Temporalmente, o hábito emulador dos agentes locais, enraizado secularmente nos processos cognitivos da sociedade, leva as empresas a desenvolverem “genes pouco criativos”, limitando-as em termos microdinâmicos a liderarem a dinâmica competitiva schumpeteriana.
Estruturalismo de Celso Furtado e o neoestruturalismo de Fernando Fajnzylber: preocupações desenvolvimentistas convergentes
Authors: Cário Silvio Antonio Ferraz , Corrêa Lucas , Albertão Maria Luísa Lacerda
Published: December 2020

O estudo sobre desenvolvimento econômico foi central nas obras de Celso Furtado e Fernando Fajnzylber. Ambos tiveram passagem profissional pela CEPAL, cujo método histórico-estruturalista influenciou fortemente seus escritos ao longo do tempo. A preocupação em explicar as razões do atraso econômico da América Latina, levou a convergência de ideias em vários temas. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desse artigo é apresentar pontos comuns nos tratamentos sobre o progresso técnico, capital multinacional, desenvolvimento comparado, Estado e projeto nacional de desenvolvimento. Para tanto, recorreu-se às principais obras dos autores que tratam essas categorias de análise. No geral, os resultados apontam problemas econômicos estruturais e decisões políticas de desenvolvimento limitadas impossibilitaram a construção de um desenvolvimento capitalista mais autônomo. E, em linha com os autores, somente um projeto nacional de desenvolvimento de médio e longo prazos e voltado ao interesse da sociedade, pode sinalizar novos caminhos desenvolvimentistas.
Normalidade, projeção e alteridade em O filho eterno, de Cristovão Tezza e Nascer duas vezes, de Giuseppe Pontiggia
Authors: Damasceno Carolina Duarte
Published: December 2020

Este artigo se deterá sobre o diálogo entre O filho eterno, de Cristovão Tezza, e Nascer duas vezes, de Giuseppe Pontiggia, que se aproximam por discutir os impactos da ideia de norma, de desvio de padrão e também por mapear projeções presentes nas relações.  Ao longo da análise, será mostrado como os dois romances desencadeiam, a partir da representação de um relacionamento com um portador de deficiência, uma reflexão sobre os limites e alcances da alteridade.
A orgia
Authors: Muknicka Sérgio Gabriel
Published: December 2020

Sérgio Gabriel Muknicka [Trad.]; Alberto Moravia [Autor]
Home-Based Occupational Therapy for Adults With Dementia and Their Informal Caregivers: A Systematic Review
Authors: Raj Sujatha E. , Mackintosh Shylie , Fryer Caroline , Stanley Mandy
Published: December 2020

Importance: People with dementia require tailored interventions to support participation and performance in their desired occupations, and informal caregivers need interventions that reduce caregiving burden to enable them to continue with their roles.

Objective: This systematic review investigated whether home-based occupational therapy interventions for adults with dementia and their informal caregivers optimized care recipients’ performance of daily occupations and reduced caregiving burden and improved caregivers’ sense of competence.

Data Sources: Eight databases were searched from 1946 to November 2019 using MeSH terms, keywords, and subject headings as appropriate for each database. Inclusion criteria were quantitative studies investigating the effects of home-based therapy provided by a qualified occupational therapist for adults with dementia and their informal caregivers.

Study Selection and Data Collection: Study selection, data collection, and methodological quality assessments using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme criteria tool were performed independently by two reviewers. Data analysis involved a two-stage process.

Findings: From 1,229 articles identified through searches, 970 titles and abstracts were screened for eligibility after removal of duplicates. Twenty studies reported in 22 articles were included. Moderate evidence supported interventions provided jointly for adults with dementia and their informal caregivers using a combination of intervention strategies. Included studies demonstrated high risk of bias, particularly in blinding of outcome assessments.

Conclusions and Relevance: Combining individualized interventions framed in client-centeredness can enhance occupational performance for adults with dementia, reduce caregiving burden, and improve informal caregivers’ sense of competence. Further research on leisure and home management occupations is warranted.

What This Article Adds: The findings provide evidence supporting the effectiveness of home-based occupational therapy for people with dementia and their informal caregivers for consideration by funders of services.
Rasch Analysis of the Assessment of Quality of Activities (A-QOA), an Observational Tool for Clients With Dementia
Authors: Ogawa Masahiro , Shirai Haruna , Nishida Seiji , Tanimukai Hitoshi
Published: December 2020

Importance: The Assessment of Quality of Activities (A-QOA) is an observation-based tool for assessing the strength of engagement in an activity by the person performing it in a natural context. By quantifying the quality of engagement, the A-QOA can help occupational therapy practitioners be better able to select meaningful activities and more clearly understand the effectiveness of various choices.

Objective: To examine use of the A-QOA as a valid unidimensional scale and to clarify preliminary results on its internal scale validity and item reliability using the Rasch model.

Participants: One hundred thirty-one participants with dementia performing 262 activities.

Outcomes and Measures: We used the Rasch model to clarify the psychometric properties of A-QOA’s measurement quality.

Results: Rasch analysis revealed that 21 of the 25 items reached an acceptable level of fit, and 4 did not. After eliminating the 4 misfitting items, the resulting A-QOA was determined to have both acceptable internal scale validity and item separation reliability, which are fundamental psychometric properties of a clinical observational instrument.

Conclusions and Relevance: The A-QOA can be used to quantitatively assess the strength of engagement in an activity by the person performing it by using the observational method.

What This Article Adds: In clinical settings, the A-QOA can be used both to select activities for clients with dementia and to quantitatively show the effects of occupational therapy interventions.
Improvement and Retention of Wheelchair Skills Training for Students in Entry-Level Occupational Therapy Education
Authors: Giesbrecht Edward , Carreiro Nikita , Mack CindyMarie
Published: December 2020

Importance: Although an essential component of best practice, wheelchair skills training is often inadequate; occupational therapy practitioners’ professional preparation is a contributing factor.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of a boot camp on capacity and self-efficacy in wheelchair skills and self-efficacy in clinical practice, retention of improvements, and effective boot-camp attributes.

Design: Concurrent, embedded, mixed-methods cohort design that used blinded, repeated-measures quantitative evaluation with 4-mo follow-up and directed content analysis of a qualitative questionnaire.

Setting: University entry-to-practice program.

Participants: Convenience sample (N = 42) of final-year students.

Intervention: A 4-hr boot camp with demonstration and supervised practice. Content incorporated skill performance, training and motor-learning strategies, and safe supervision.

Outcomes and Measures: Skill performance capacity (Wheelchair Skills Test–Questionnaire), self-efficacy with manual wheelchair use (Wheelchair Use Confidence Scale), confidence in provision of manual wheelchair training services (Self-Efficacy in Assessing, Training, and Spotting test), and a boot-camp experience questionnaire.

Results: Within-subjects analysis of variance revealed significant improvements on all measures (p < .001) with large effect sizes (ηp2 = .68–.88). All measures except skill capacity demonstrated retention; skill capacity decreased 5.3% (95% confidence interval [2.0, 8.5]) but was significantly higher than baseline. Three themes influenced practice confidence: knowledge acquisition, experiential learning, and client empathy.

Conclusions and Relevance: Results confirm improved wheelchair self-efficacy, capacity, and self-efficacy with clinical intervention skills. Retention of outcomes suggests the potential impact on future practice. Experiential learning supports performance component acquisition and imparts empathy of client experience, which may improve occupational therapy practitioners’ perceptions of client potential.

What This Article Adds: A 4-hr experiential boot camp can increase students’ capacity and confidence to deliver wheelchair skills training to future clients. Experiential learning increased students’ appreciation for clients’ experience and expectation of client potential.
Wearing the Niqab
Authors: Piela Anna
Published: December 2020

Bringing niqab wearers’ voices to the fore, discussing their narratives on religious agency, identity, social interaction, community, and urban spaces, Anna Piela situates women’s accounts firmly within UK and US socio-political contexts as well as within media discourses on Islam.

The niqab has recently emerged as one of the most ubiquitous symbols of everything that is perceived to be wrong with Islam: barbarity, backwardness, exploitation of women, and political radicalization. Yet all these notions are assigned to women who wear the niqab without their consultation; “niqab debates” are held without their voices being heard, and, when they do speak, their views are dismissed.

However, the picture painted by the stories told here demonstrates that, for these women, religious symbols such as the niqab are deeply personal, freely chosen, multilayered, and socially situated. Wearing the Niqab gives voice to these women and their stories, and sets the record straight, enhancing understanding of the complex picture around niqab and religious identity and agency.
Legislação específica sobre o enfrentamento ao tráfico de pessoas pós-Protocolo de Palermo (2000): análise do Estado de Moçambique
Authors: Souza Mercia Cardoso de , Nhatave Guirino Dinis José , Frota Francisco Horácio Da Silva
Published: December 2020

O Protocolo de Palermo (2000) informa que uma ação eficaz para prevenir e combater o tráfico de pessoas exige por parte dos países de origem, trânsito e destino uma abordagem global e internacional, mediante a garantia dos direitos humanos das vítimas, internacionalmente protegidos. Nesse sentido, o Protocolo prevê no artigo 9º, que os Estados-Membros deverão estabelecer políticas, programas e outras medidas abrangentes para prevenir e combater o tráfico de pessoas e proteger as vítimas de tráfico de pessoas. Esse instrumento permitiu avançar no enfrentamento ao tráfico de pessoas uma vez que articula e inspira ações dos Estados e outros atores no enfrentamento a essa prática que viola a dignidade da pessoa. Mediante o recurso a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental o artigo tem em vista proceder a análise da legislação moçambicana sobre a prevenção e combate ao tráfico de pessoas, especialmente mulheres e crianças. A pesquisa concluiu que o Protocolo de Palermo (2000) influenciou Moçambique na elaboração de um conceito de tráfico de pessoas e na formulação de políticas públicas, apesar de existirem lacunas decorrentes da falta de regulamentação da Lei específica, assim como a inexistência de um Plano de ação para o seu enfrentamento. Denota-se, igualmente, que o não envio de informações sobre os casos julgados para a base de dados do UNODC minimiza os esforços do país no enfrentamento ao tráfico de pessoas.
A favor de uma Corte Latino-Americana de Justiça
Authors: Monebhurrun Nitish
Published: December 2020

A Favor de uma Corte Latino-Americana de Justiça
Editorial: Populismo e Direito Internacional: perspectivas do Sul Global
Authors: Morosini Fabio Costa , Lixinski Lucas
Published: December 2020

fonte de preocupação para acadêmicos do direito internacional. Como consequência, o campo do Direito Internacional testemunha uma série de publicações acadêmicas que analisam os recentes movimentos populistas e seus impactos no Direito Internacional como nós o conhecemos. Essas análises focaram em diferentes áreas do Direito Internacional e suas instituições, como comércio, meio ambiente, direitos humanos, trabalho e migração. Através destes distintos contextos, o populismo tem sido equiparado ao autoritarismo, e visto como um desafio fundamental para uma ordem jurídica internacional liberal. Além disso, o Direito Internacional é frequentementeretratado de forma binária/antagônica, seja como uma ferramentapara banir políticas populistas ou como um instrumento para permitir quetais políticas prosperem, e os Estados são vistos como parte de um bináriode populistas e desafiadores do Direito Internacional, ou democráticos e favoráveis ao internacionalismo liberal. Esta produção acadêmica, portanto,enquanto valiosa, tende a perder relatos mais matizados de coprodução da(i)legitimidade do regime doméstico e ordem internacional como parte de um continuum que não se encaixa em um padrão de narrativa “ou este ou aquele”.
Knowledge and Effects of Teenage Pregnancies Among the Adolescent Girls Between 13 To 19 Years at Mukono Parish Kanungu District – Uganda.
Authors:   , Nkabura Hubert
Published: December 2020

Background:  Teenage pregnancy prevalence is at 25%, 16% of Ugandan women are married by the age of 15 years and 53% by the age of 18 years. Available information reveals that teenage pregnancies carry a higher health risk and girls under 15 years are five times more likely to die in childbirth than females in their twenties. An estimate of 6,000 teenagers dies annually from maternal related complications. Methodology:  A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in February 2016 where a total of 100 respondents were selected from Mukono Parish residents’ register using a simple random sampling technique. Data was collected using a pretested questionnaire. Results:  76% had prior knowledge about sex education whereas 24% had not. 42% got the information from the school a gesture that respondents took part in the classroom discussion about sexuality, 28% from newspapers –straight talk, 16% health worker, and 14% from their parents. 45% believed that school dropout is due to social effect of teenage pregnancy, 34% said that teen mother is more likely to have no or low qualifications and 9% said that child of a teen mother is more likely to abuse drugs, 12% don’t know any of the social effects.  Conclusion and recommendations:  Teenagers in Uganda are informed about sex education. The government in conjunction with the development partners needs to include sex education in the school curriculum. The girl child needs to be educated on how to protect herself and avoid becoming a victim of teenage pregnancy. Parents should not shy away from educating their children about sex education while they are still young, by so doing the teens grow knowing the consequences of early pregnancy. Pregnant teenagers need to be encouraged to attend antenatal care as well as welcomed into society without stigmatization.
Oncogenic Viruses and Mechanisms in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Mini Review
Authors: Leena Sankari S , Mahalakshmi Krishnan , Hepsibah S
Published: December 2020

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common epithelial malignancy with varied etiology. The traditional risk factors are the usage of tobacco and tobacco products. About 15-20% of the population exists with oral squamous cell carcinoma without being exposed to these carcinogenic products. The other factors which may influence the disease process are environmental factors, genetic alterations and viruses. Some oncogenic DNA viruses are strongly associated with OSCC while other viruses are little expressed. While diagnosing OSCC one should always consider the possible role of viruses in their etiopathogenesis as it is crucial for diagnosis and successful treatment. Screening of the oncogenic viruses at an early stage may also aid in the prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma. The current review focuses on the possible mechanisms of the oncogenic viruses in the etiopathogenesis of OSCC.
Potential Wound Healing Properties of a Polyherbal Formulation (Amrit oil) in an Experimental Model on Wistar Rats
Authors: Malarvizhi R , Abhishek Poddar , Barathidasan R , Kishore K. Kanuga , Vasanthi HR
Published: December 2020

Introduction and Aim: Wound healing is an integrated process of cellular and biochemical events in restoring the structural functionality of the damaged tissue caused due to wounds. In the present study, the wound healing potential of an ayurvedic polyherbal formulation, Amrit oil is tested on an experimental model of the excisional wound in Wistar rats and evaluated for its potent activity in wound repair.

Materials and Methods: Wistar rats were randomly arranged into 4 groups with 6 in each. Excision wound was created on the dorsal side of the rats. Group-I was kept as a negative control, Group-II as reference control, treated with Betadine, Group-III received a tropical application of Amrit oil once in a day and Group- IV were subjected to tropical application of amrit oil twice or Bis in a day. The wound healing was assessed by percentage wound contraction, a period of epithelisation, histopathological analysis and expression of MMP- 2, MMP-8, KGF and HSP-90.

Results: The effect produced by the ayurvedic polyherbal formulation (Amrit oil), in terms of percentage wound contraction, a period of epithelisation, biochemical gene expression (MMP2, MMP8, HSP90 and KGF) and histopathological analysis were comparable to that of standard drug betadine. This study reveals the healing potential of Amrit oil as compared to the positive control, betadine possibly due to the presence of the phytochemicals in a synergistic manner.

Conclusion: This study revealed a tremendous healing potential of Amrit oil as compared to the positive

control, betadine in a holistic manner, confirming the rationality of the traditional knowledge.
Effectiveness of isolated ankle strengthening and functional balance training in single leg drop jump land in football players and measuring the stability
Authors: Vaishnavi G. , Saipavithra V. , Yuvarani G. , Kirupa K. , Tharani G. , Sathya S. , Vidhyalakshmi Vikram R.
Published: December 2020

Introduction and Aim: Football is one of the famous sports in the world and associated with many ankle injuries in football players. Many football players use single leg drop jump landing ranging from 13 to 20 out of 1000 players. Functional balance maintain or improve activities of daily living and quality of life. Strength training increases the density of bone and reduces the risk of fractures. Aim of this present study is to analyze the effectiveness of the isolated ankle strengthening and functional balance training in single leg drop jump land in football players.

Materials and Methods: 30 football players with single leg drop jump were randomly selected to participate in this pre and post test experimental study. Study is done at ACS medical college. Selected players were asked to perform the exercise for about 8 weeks, 40 minutes per day. The subjects performed ankle strengthening for 20 minutes and functional balance training for 20 minutes. Dorsiflexors are at high-risk injury during single leg drop jump land in football players. Thus, exercise is given for strengthening and functional balance and prevailing stability of ankle is measured using foot and ankle measure (sub scale) (FAAM), Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT).

Results: On comparing mean values of SEBT within group between pretest and post-test values, it shows statistically highly significant difference and improvement in balance between pre-test (89.67) and post-test (94.18) at P<0.001. On comparing the mean value of FAMM sports subscale within group between pretest and post-test values, it shows statistically highly significant difference and improvement in ankle and foot physical function between pretest (45.34) and post-test (60.81) at P <0.001.

Conclusion: This study shows that isolated ankle strengthening, and functional balance training is effective in improving the ankle strength and balance in football players.

Keywords: Stability threshold; single leg drop jump land; foot and ankle ability measure scale sports subscale (FAAM); star excursion balance test (SEBT)
A study to compare the effects of aerobic exercises and yoga on depression and maternal anxiety orienting among primiparous women
Authors: Yuvarani G , Manoranjitham R , Tharani G , Kamatchi K. , Vaishnavi G
Published: December 2020

Introduction and Aim: Primiparous women undergo stages of depression or anxiety during pregnancy especially the risk of preterm birth, breast-feeding problems and disruption of the mother-infant attachment. It is a most common psychiatric disorder and is associated with a greater risk of low fetal quality, Pregnancy complication and developmental disorder of the child. During pregnancy 10-15% women were affected with depression and the incidence increases in low economic status. It is associated with greater risk of prenatal and perinatal complication. In recent years the physical therapy is associated with psychological health in pregnant women. Physical activity during pregnancy is more beneficial to the maternal fetal unit and it may prevent recurrence of maternal disorders. The objective of this study is to compare the effects of aerobic exercise and yoga on depression and maternal anxiety orienting among primiparous women.

Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted with 30 subjects at ACS Medical College and Hospital, from January 2018 to March 2018. The outcome measures of CES-D scale were used to assess the severity of depression and anxiety. Group A received Aerobic exercise for 30 minutes initially started with warm up for 10 minutes and followed by 10 minutes stretching and 10 minutes relaxation. Group B received yoga for 20 minutes up to 3 months. The treatment duration was followed from the 16 to 20 weeks of gestation for 3 months.

Results: On comparing the mean values of group A and group B on centre for epidemiological studies depression scale score, it showed significant decrease in the post test mean values of group A (24.60)  and group B  (24.40) at P ? 0.001. Hence both the groups were equally effective in decreasing the depression and maternal anxiety among primiparous women.

Conclusion: This study concluded that the aerobic and yoga showed significant effect in both groups for reducing the symptoms of depression and anxiety among primiparous women.

Keywords: Primiparous women; aerobic exercises; yoga; CES - D scale.
Pendidikan Karakter Indigenous Dalam Perspektif Al-Qur’an
Authors: Achmad Yudianto
Published: December 2020

This study aims to reveal the formulation of concepts and models for the implementation of indigenous character education in the Al-Qur'an perspective for students in premarital, prenatal, and golden ages. The interpretation method of al-Maudhu'i and a qualitative approach are used in this dissertation, in order to produce descriptive data through observation of the letters and verses of the Qur'an, and the science associated with indigenous character education in the perspective of the Qur'an. The results of this study, among others, revealed; 1). Formulation of concepts and models for the implementation of indigenous character education in the perspective of the Qur'an; 2). Religious indigenous character, love for the homeland, intellectuality from the Prophets (Prophet Adam, Prophet Ibrahim, Prophet Muhammad); 3). Character of religious indigenous, love of homeland, taqwā intellectuality (kindness); 4). Religious indigenous character, homeland love, intellectuality fujūr (evil); 5). Formulation of the "TADZKIROH PLUS" implementation model in premarital, prenatal, and golden ages. The conclusion of this study, among others, is that in the perspective of science and the Qur'an, humans from birth have two types of indigenous characters in pairs and are mutually opposite, namely the character of goodness (taqwâ) and character of ugliness (fujûr). Actualization and development through character education that maximizes the character of goodness (taqwâ) and minimizes the character of badness (fujûr).
Pendidikan Inklusi Di Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Sastradiharja EE Junaedi , MS Farizal , Sutarya Maran
Published: December 2020

Pendidikan Inklusi di Perguruan Tinggi: Studi Pada Pusat Kajian dan Layanan Mahasiswa Berkebutuhan Khusus Politeknik Negeri Jakarta. Penelitian: Program Studi Magister Manajemen Pendidikan Islam Institut Perguruan Tinggi Ilmu Al-Qur’an (PTIQ) Jakarta.

            Kesimpulan penelitian ini dapat dipahami bahwa setiap orang berhak mendapatkan pendidikan sesuai dengan landasan pendidikan inklusi baik landasan filosofis, yuridis maupun empiris. Prinsip-prinsip pendidikan inklusi juga dapat ditemukan dalam Al-Qur’an dan hadis nabi yang menggambarkan pendidikan inklusi pada masa Nabi Muhammad SAW. Pendidikan inklusi pada masa sahabat dapat kita telusuri melalui ulumul hadis yang menunjukan adanya para perawi hadis penyandang difabel khususnya tunanetra.

            Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa jumlah warga negara berkebutuhan khusus (WNBK) dengan ketersediaan dan kesiapan lembaga pendidikan tinggi dalam memfasilitasi WNBK masih terdapat kesenjangan, sehingga WNBK yang dapat mengakses pendidikan tinggi masih sangat terbatas. Indikasi ini dapat terlihat dari kebijakan PNJ mengenai pembatasan penerimaan mahasiswa WNBK dengan pertimbangan sumber daya manusia dan prasarana yang belum cukup untuk menampung mahasiswa dalam jumlah yang lebih banyak.

            Penulis juga menemukan langkah upaya implementasi pendidikan inklusi di PNJ melalui model kelas khusus penuh. Dalam model ini seluruh mahasiswa berkebutuhan khusus belajar di dalam kelas khusus pada perguruan tinggi reguler. Sementara mengenai kategori mahasiswa dalam kelas inklusi PNJ sebagian besar adalah slow learner di antaranya autisma ringan yang mengalami kesulitan belajar. Program inklusi di PNJ diselenggarakan pada satu jurusan yaitu Program Studi Manajemen Pemasaran untuk Warga Negara Berkebutuhan Khusus (MP-WNBK). Program ini adalah program studi vocational yang melaksanakan Individual Education Program berdasarkan pada adapting thematic integrated curriculum untuk melatih, mendidik dan membekali mahasiswa agar dapat menguasai bidang yang sesuai kemampuan dan minat masing-masing dengan beban 25% pendidikan kognitif (knowledge) dan 75% keterampilan (skill).

Melalui penelitian ini penulis merekomendasikan pemenuhan hak memperoleh pendidikan dan mengupayakan berdirinya pendidikan inklusi di perguruan tinggi, dengan harapan agar masyarakat mampu melihat WNBK sebagai sebuah keragaman dalam masyarakat, di mana kelompok ini memiliki hak dan kewajiban yang setara dengan masyarakat umum.

Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah: metode fenomenologi. Sedangkan pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif.
Pengaruh Pengetahuan Keagamaan Dan Kecerdasan Emosional Terhadap Prilaku Sosial Anak Di Sdit Nur El Qolam Serang Banten
Authors: Tanrere Syamsul Bahri , Surasman Otong , Mubarok Ahmad
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan pemahaman data-data empirik mengenai Pengaruh Pengetahuan Keagamaan dan Kecerdasan Emosional, baik secara sendiri-sendiri maupun secara bersama-sama dengan Perilaku Sosial Siswa SDIT Nur El Qolam Serang Banten. Hipotesis penelitian ialah (1) Terdapat pengaruh yang erat dan signifikan Pengetahuan Agama terhadap Perilaku Sosial Siswa SDIT Nur El Qolam Serang Banten (2) Terdapat pengaruh yang erat dan signifikan Kecerdasan Emosional terhadap Perilaku Sosial Siswa SDIT Nur El Qolam Serang Banten.

Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metode survei dengan pendekatan korelasional yang di laksanakan di SDIT Nur El Qolam Serang Banten dengan melibatkan Siswa Kelas, empat , lima dan enam. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara, angket, dan studi dokumenter. Analisis data menggunakan analisis korelasional dengan teknik korelasi rumus product moment. Hasil pengujian hipotesis sebagai berikut:

Pertama, terdapat pengaruh positif dan rendah antara Pengetahuan Agama dengan Perilaku Sosial Siswa SDIT Nur El Qolam Serang Banten. Selanjutnya karena koefisien korelasi r = 0,230 maka dapat diperoleh nilai koefisien determinasinya sebesar R2 = 0,053 yang berarti bahwa 05,3 %  variansi Perilaku Sosial Siswa SD SDIT Nur El Qolam Serang Banten melalui persamaan regresi : Ŷ = 72,209 + 0,115 X1 yang signifikan pada taraf alpha 0,05.  

Kedua, terdapat pengaruh positif dan sedang antara Kecerdasan Emosional dengan Perilaku Sosial  Siswa SDIT Nur El Qolam Serang Banten. Selanjutnya karena koefisien korelasi r = 0,159 maka dapat diperoleh nilai koefisien determinasinya sebesar R2 = 0,025 yang berarti bahwa 02,5 % variansi Perilaku Sosial Siswa SDIT Nur El Qolam Serang Banten dapat dipengaruhi oleh  Kecerdasan Emosional melalui persamaan regresi : Ŷ = 74,602 + 0,095 X2 yang signifikan pada taraf alpha 0,05.

Ketiga, terdapat pengaruh positif dan sedang antara Pengetahuan Agama dan Kecerdasan Emosional dengan Perilaku Sosial Siswa SDIT Nur El Qolam Serang Banten. Selanjutnya karena koefisien korelasi r = 0,232 maka dapat diperoleh nilai koefisien determinasinya sebesar R2 = 0,054 yang berarti bahwa 05,4 % variansi Perilaku Sosial Siswa SD SDIT Nur El Qolam Serang Banten dapat dipengaruhi oleh Pengetahuan Agama dan Kecerdasan Emosional melalui persamaan regresi : Ŷ = 70,662 + 0,104 X1 + 0,024 X2 yang signifikan pada taraf alpha 0,05.

Temuan ini diharapkan mampu memberikan kontribusi yang positif bagi pembinaan Pengetahuan Agama dan Kecerdasan Emosional Terhadap Perilaku Sosial SDIT Nur El Qolam Serang Banten  pada generasi yang ada dan generasi selanjutnya.