bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital payment technologies and interbank clearing in the Republic of Kazakhstan in terms of digitalization
Authors: Saifullina Yu.M. , Serikova G.S. , Assanova M.A. , Amirova G.N. , Akenov S.Sh.
Published: January 2024

Object: To analyze background and implementation conditions of national digital currency in Kazakhstan in the conditions of digitalization and forecast the development of digital money in Kazakhstan using economic and statistical modelling. To develop the electronic money circulation system, second-tier banks, which are the main subjects of the financial market, provide remote services, develop strategies for general development, which prescribe rational ways to attract customers to remote service, apply modern technologies and improve the system of cashless money circulation, both nationally and internationally.Methods: Statistical resources of the Committee of statistics of the Ministry of National economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan were used in the paper. Methods of deduction and systematization were applied. In this study an extrapolation forecast was made for the indicator “the volume of payments in the interbank money transfer system and the interbank clearing system” for 2021-2023.Results: Nowadays financial ecosystems based on digital technologies are being actively implemented. This trend is noticed in different countries of the world. It opens new possibilities for development of national currencies. Commercial banks are creating new types of digital money by incorporating them into traditional economic interactions.Conclusion: Kazakhstan is a perspective region for the implementation of its own digital currency. The country's unique geographical position, economic relationships with China, Russia and the West, the presence of international technology giants in the country make the electronic tenge a popular financial instrument that will significantly improve the competitiveness of the Kazakhstani economy, increase its attractiveness with similar projects from other countries at the global level. The concept of introducing digital currency and its transition to widespread use in Kazakhstan will ensure not only the creation and development of completely new ecosystems of financial products and services, but also the modernization of existing “traditional” ones.
Economic, social and environmental consequences of the use of genetically modified organisms
Authors: Kenzhin Zh.B. , Tsaurkubule Zh. , Tuleugaliyeva N.I. , Domalatov Ye.B.
Published: January 2024

Object: to analyze the effectiveness of the use of genetically modified organisms in terms of economic efficiency, as well as environmental and social consequences.Methods: a theoretical review of the scientific literature on the research topic.Results: on the basis of literature data arguments are presented in favor and against the introduction of genetic modification technology in agriculture. Potential benefits and risks this technology may entail are considered.Conclusions: it has been established that genetic modification of crops provides multiple benefits, contributing to the simplification of production processes, an increase in profit margins, and a reduction in losses caused by diseases and pests. Lower cultivation costs, in turn, lead to lower food prices, which may be the key to solving the issue of hunger in developing countries. It was revealed, among other things, that the use of genetically modified crops not only does not harm biological diversity, but, on the contrary, contributes to its expansion. The findings could be utilized when justifying a regional agricultural development program.
The nature of the NEET youth segment, its features and parameters in both domestic and global conditions
Authors: Khusainova Zh.S. , Zhartay Zh.M. , Abauova G.M. , Lambekova A.N. , Syzdykova D.I.
Published: January 2024

Object: Identification of the nature, features, parameters, and socio-economic causes of the NEET youth phenomenon in both world and domestic conditions.Methods: Methods of system, structural-functional, comparative, statistical analysis.Results: The nature of NEET youth, latent causes, and systemic factors of its genesis and development are revealed; a categorical apparatus of the socio-economic space of NEET youth is specified; the NEET youth segment and its parameters in both world and domestic conditions are structured.Conclusions: If ignored, both phenomenon and current state of NEET youth may lead to stale and stable, stagnant unemployment in the future, which further aggravates both social and macroeconomic issues. Since today the NEET youth segment is increasing, it is necessary to develop a comprehensive model of its reduction based on convergence of three components: productive employment (to form the motivation of NEET youth to work); post-industrial education (to acquire professional skills in information environment and globalizing context of their appliance); and inclusive development (as a constant of modern socialization of the economy.)
Digitalization of public administration as a main principle at the fighting corruption in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Kuanaliyev A.A.
Published: January 2024

Object: Digitalization itself and as a result of digitalization of public administration is a globally actual trend. Especially after last pandemic year when government staff mostly had to work remotely. This may be one of the reason of Kazakhstan’s improvement at the corruption ranking. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between the level of digitalization of public administration and the level of perception of corruption.Methods: Methods of grouping and classification, as well as methods of mathematical modeling were used in processing and systematization of data.Findings: While looking over history of corruption and digitalization it was revealed that countries with high level of digitalization of public administration have good positions at the corruption perceptions index (CPI). Before starting the study, the author put forward a logical hypothesis about the presence of a high directly proportional relationship between these two characteristics, to confirm which mathematical analysis (Cramer’s rule) was applied. A brief overview of the development of corruption and digitalization starting from the first moments of the beginning of both phenomena was given.Conclusions: As a result of the study, a correlation with the R2coefficient equal to 0.8988 was found, which confirmed the accepted hypothesis. In other words, a high level of digitalization of public administration makes it possible to improve indicators in the corruption perception index.
Mechanism for creation and implementation of fractal model of human resource management: analyzing the personnel properties for demand of the organization
Authors: Kudaibergenov Zh. , Rustamov N. , Taizhanov L. , Imer S.
Published: January 2024

Object: This paper considers an issue related to human resource management (HRM) in an organization from the point of view of a fractal. The paper aims is to determine the main parameters and importance of personnel management, and to create and to implement a fractal model of personnel management, which are the basis of the human resource management system in the organization.Methods: The authors used the theoretical approach from the fractal theory to determine the fractal of things, and the questionnaire method for collecting data. Obtained data was analyzed by using the formulae of fractal theory.Findings: Identifying the levels of personal properties and their manageability using the fractal HRM model is achieved in two phases. When the personnel susceptibility to control impact shows the higher meanings, it means that they are more controllable. Also, this paper determined that the control impact works if the manager uses 80 % of the force of impact.Conclusion: Using of the fractal HRM model significantly impacts on the efficiency management of the organization and identifies the real position of the personnel, that is, which one is more capable among them and how to use their abilities in favor of the organization.
Speech etiquette forms and communication culture
Authors: Mamedova F.Z. , Dulayeva E.Z. , Ibraimova Zh.Zh.
Published: January 2024

The article examines the forms of speech etiquette and communication culture in Turkish and Arabic languages. The speech component of etiquette is considered as a verbal form of expressing polite relations between people, which is used in the process of communication. This reflects the social relations that are essential for a given society, as well as the forms that exist within the tradition. If etiquette affects our behavior in social terms, then speech etiquette regulates our speech communication and this determines its distinctive feature. In certain life situations, there are appropriate rules and norms of behavior, they determine the speech reaction, speech activity of people due to specific aspects of language use related to the choice of necessary expressions and words, rules. Speech etiquette is typical for dialogic speech. Conditions that depend on the characteristics of culture and tradition are correlated with different types of communication, when a stereotypical situation occurs during communication. This environment forms the foundation of the national culture of the certain people. Greeting and farewell rituals and related speech cliches in Turkish and Arabic cultures have much in common.
Management of Inclusive Education: An Implementation
Authors: Apriliani Ike , Pahrudin Agus , Koderi Koderi , Syafril Syafrimen
Published: January 2024

This research aims to analyze the implementation of inclusive education so that a new concept is found regarding the implementation of inclusive education management that can provide equality for all students. The research method used is qualitative, using data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The research results show that: 1) The school has achieved several successes in implementing inclusive education, but there are still several aspects that the school is not fully ready for. 2) Schools have certain strategies for implementing inclusive education, especially by optimizing the role of special guidance teachers to handle children with special needs. 3) The main challenge faced by schools is related to providing programs to develop the potential of children with special needs because, currently, there are no programs available to develop their potential. Data was collected using questionnaire techniques, observation, and interviews. The results of the research show that the implementation of inclusive education has not been optimally implemented; there are still several things that have not even been fulfilled. For this reason, it is hoped that every school will implement inclusive education management under its management steps.
Easy of calving cows for dairy pro- ductivity
Authors: Kolesnikova M. A. , Gorb N. N. , Ermakova L. P. , Sorokoletova V. M. , Gudkov S. N.
Published: January 2024

Data are presented on the dependence of the ease of calving on the duration of the dry period, gender, the number of gestated fetuses and its influence on the frequency of occurrence of specific pathologies of childbirth and the postpartum period and the frequency of insemination in dairy cows of productivity in the conditions of Sibirskaya Niva LLC, Novosibirsk region. More often, childbirth proceeded normally (easy), without outside intervention - 91.36 %, mild and moderate pathology was observed in 3.35 and 4.41 % of cows, and in rare cases, calving was accompanied by severe pathology - 0.87 %. The severity of the birth process increased with a decrease in the duration of the dry period. Thus, in animals with easy labour, the dry period was 54.73 ± 0.27 days; in animals with severe pathology, it was three days less - 51.74 ± 1.33 days. In cows with mild labour, the birth of one calf was more often observed; the number of twins did not exceed 8.95 %. The severity of labour was accompanied by an increase in the number of twins; in the group of animals with arduous labour, it reached 84.21 %. With a problematic labour process, the frequency of stillbirths in groups increases by 4.41 %. Animals with difficult births have an increased risk of obstetric and gynaecological pathology. Thus, in cows with a severe course of the birth process, in 26.32 % of cases, pathology of the third stage of labour was observed, accompanied by retention of the placenta. In the postpartum period, postpartum paresis was often recorded - 42.11 % and various types of metritis - 21.05 %. In contrast, with a mild course of labour, all the pathologies we studied were recorded in aggregate only in 29.35 % of cows. In animals with arduous labour, 1.05 more doses of semen were spent on fertile insemination than in animals with normal labour.
Natural food base of fish culture ponds and its use in growing fellow of carp
Authors: Moruzi I. V. , Mityaev E. M. , Pishchenko E. V. , Osintseva L. A. , Kropachev D. V.
Published: January 2024

A study of the natural food supply of the nursery ponds of Ecopark LLC’s fish farm in the Moshkovsky district of the Novosibirsk region was carried out in July–August 2022. Carp fingerlings were raised in the ponds with a stocking density of 34.77 and 57.73 thousand/ha. During the growing period, carp fingerlings were fed 5000 kg of feed mixture in equal parts of crushed barley and wheat grains. The species composition of zooplankton in the studied reservoirs is monotonous and is represented by nine species. Variable species diversity was observed in all reservoirs. The number of zooplankton in July in ponds No. 5 and No. 2 was 76344.45 and 48311.11 ind./m3, in August – 56800 and 48616.67 ind./m3; biomass – in the range of 2724.88-5777.86 and 1618.65-2258.73 mg/m3, respectively. Analysis of variance showed a relationship between the mass of under-yearlings and zooplankton biomass. It is 0.70, which indicates that the mass of carp under-yearlings increases with an increase in zooplankton biomass. The identified differences in the rates of linear growth and weight depending on the stocking density make it possible to establish fish productivity - in pond No. 2. It was 806.4. In pond No. 5 - it was 878.4 kg/ha. Planting 37.33 ind./ha is more productive and gives better growth indicators (average length and weight of carp fingerlings at the end of the study are 10.91 cm and 26.96 g, respectively) than planting 57.77 ind./ha (average length and weight at the back of the study 9.70 cm and 18.67 g, respectively). The planting density of 37 thousand specimens/ha makes it possible to grow fingerlings with a standard weight of 25-26 g. The influence of the stocking density factor on the weight of fingerlings is 0.92 (at a level of P > 0.001). Fish productivity in Pond No. 2 was 806.4 kg/ha, and in Pond No. 5, it was 878.4 kg/ha.
Influence of mother’s genotype on the concentration and variability of triiodothyro- nine in landrace pigs
Authors: Tarasenko E. I. , Konovalova T. V. , Osadchuk L. V. , Korotkevich O. S. , Petukhov V. L. , Sebezhko O. I.
Published: January 2024

One of the leading roles in the hormonal system of the body of pigs in terms of functional significance is played by the thyroid gland, which, through the hormone triiodothyronine, has a complex effect on all systems, organs and physiological processes while controlling the metabolism and energy in the animal’s body. The impact of maternal genotype on the concentration and variability of triiodothyronine in complete siblings of Landrace pigs was studied. For the study, blood serum samples were taken from 33 pigs using the vacuum method from the jugular vein. Blood samples were taken according to generally accepted practices. The studies were carried out in the laboratory of the biochemistry of the Novosibirsk State Agrarian University using the technique of competitive enzyme immunoassay with a set of reagents “Steroid ELISA-triiodothyronine” to quantify the concentration of triiodothyronine in blood serum. Enzyme immunoassay was performed on a Thermo Scientific Multiskan FC analyser. In pig breeding, the content of heavy metals in water, soil, feed, organs and tissues was constantly monitored. The concentration of chemical elements did not exceed the MPC level. Statistical processing of experimental data was carried out using standard methods of descriptive statistics and the statistical programming language or data analysis environment RStudio (using the functions: descrstats, summary, sd, read.table, write. table, aes). The strength of the influence of the genotype of mothers of the Landrace breed on the triiodothyronine content in complete siblings in the conditions of Western Siberia was established, which amounted to 4.6 %. In some mothers’ offspring, the triiodothyronine level was 1.9 and 1.8 times higher than in others. Two clusters of mothers were identified according to the concentration of triiodothyronine in complete siblings, which included three groups of mothers with an average level of 2.26 nmol/l and five groups with the attention of 1.30 nmol/l. The reference limits of the triiodothyronine level in Landrace pigs in the conditions of Western Siberia were established.
Polymorphism of serum blood proteins of herd horses (Equus ferus caballus) of the transbaikal breed
Authors: Khamiruev T. N. , Bazaron B. Z. , Goncharenko G. M. , Grishina N. B.
Published: January 2024

The results of a study of the genetic diversity of the Transbaikal horse breed based on the polymorphism of whey proteins TF, Es, and ALB in four herds of the Transbaikal region are presented. The Transbaikal horse belongs to the ancient aboriginal breeds and is most adapted to the local climatic conditions of dry, hot summers and frosty winters with little snow. It is unpretentious, hardy, and has a strong constitution. Research is aimed at preserving the breed’s genetic diversity by studying polymorphic variants of whey proteins, which are reliable genetic markers due to their codominant inheritance and comprehensive polymorphism. In the albumin locus, two alleles and three genotypes were identified. In the esterase locus, there are six alleles and 13 genotypes. In the transferrin locus - 7 alleles and 18 genotypes occur with different frequencies in the studied herds, which makes it possible to characterise their genotypic characteristics. Rarely encountered genotypes of the transferrin locus (less than 10 %) include eight genotypes: TFDD, TFDH, TFDI, TFDR, TFFI, TFFM, TFOR, TFR; esterase locus – 6 genotypes: EsGI, EsHH, EsHI, EsHO, EsII, EsGI. Based on the frequency of genotypes and alleles, homozygosity was calculated for each whey protein system and for the entire sample from the herd, the level of which ranges from 7.87 to 12.25 %. The overall homozygosity rate varies from 34.35 to 43.36 %, and the number of effective alleles (Na) in all herds is almost the same (2.30–2.91). Genetic variability ranges from 56.96–63.74 %. The index of gene similarity between herds is at the level of 0.8439–0.9058. The analysed herds form two subclusters: the first includes horses from the APC (Agricultural Production Cooperative) Livestock Breeding Farm named after. Kalinin and SPK “Rassvet”. In the second - animals from APC (Agricultural Production Cooperative) “Livestock Breeding Farm “Rodina” and AC (Agricultural Cooperative) “Taptanay”.
Probiotic preparation SBT-Lacto and phytobiotic thyme extract as growth stimulants in calves
Authors: Shevchenko A. I. , Shevchenko S. A. , Zaborskikh E. Y. , Buguev E. G.
Published: January 2024

In the conditions of a scientific and economic experiment in the mid-mountain zone of the Altai Republic, the effect on the growth performance of Simmental calves of the probiotic drug SBT-Lacto and the phytobiotic thyme extract, which were fed to the animals with milk in the first month of their life, was studied. Calves of the 1st experimental group received thyme extract from the 22nd to 42nd days of life, the 2nd group - SBT-Lacto from the 1st to 21st days, and the 3rd experimental group - SBT-Lacto from the 1st day. x to the 21st day and thyme extract from the 22nd to the 42nd day. It was found that the absolute increase in body weight in the 1st experimental group did not significantly exceed the control indicator by 5.20 %; in the 2nd experimental group, the excess was 12.49 % and was significant. The maximum effect was obtained in the 3rd experimental group. The absolute increase in body weight of animals in this group significantly exceeded the control indicator - by 16.92 %. Thus, sequential separate feeding of thyme extract and probiotics to calves had a more pronounced positive effect on their growth. The improvement in growth rates of calves in the experimental groups can be explained by the normalisation of the composition of the intestinal microflora under the influence of the probiotic drug SBT-Lacto and the activation of digestive processes by substances contained in the thyme extract. A synergistic effect was obtained with the combined sequential use of these factors.
Prospects for the creation of an oral vaccine against ornithobacteriosis of birders
Authors: Jan F. , Afonyushkin V. N. , Koptev V. Yu. , Novik Ya. V. , Ermakova L. P.
Published: January 2024

The work was carried out at the pharmacogenomics laboratory of the Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and in the molecular biology sector of the Siberian Federal Scientific Center for Agrobiotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale DNA was provided by poultry farms of the Republic of Mordovia of the Russian Federation. In affected birds, inflammatory changes were observed in the larynx, upper part of the trachea and infraorbital sinuses, and fibrin clots were observed in the respiratory sacs. Pathological material was subcultured in brain heart broth in the presence of antibiotics. Analysis of subcellular localisation of the OR77 protein was carried out using the SignalP-6.0 method. The immune epitope database (IEDB) was used to search for B-dependent epitopes of the OR77 gene. Primers for cloning were designed, and cloning regions of the OR77 gene containing B-dependent epitopes were simulated by ligating BamHI and HindIII into the polylinker of the shuttle vector pBE-S. Experiments were carried out to clone the active epitope sequence of the O. rhinotracheale OR77 protein in Bacillus subtilis and use it orally to identify immune activity and other possible adverse reactions. Nucleotide sequence analysis was performed using the UniproUGENEv program. The amplification procedure was carried out. The prospect of the possible synthesis of a new, inexpensive, and effective vaccine against the pathogen O. rhinotracheale is described.
The dependence of yield and its structure on pre-sowing treatment of spring triticale (× triticosecale) seeds in the Amur region
Authors: Muratov A. A. , Epifantsev V. V. , Tuaeva E. V.
Published: January 2024

The research results (2014 - 2015) on triticale yield and its structure depending on the seed treatment are presented. The need for research is caused by increasing grain yields and gross yields in the region.

   This work aims to establish the dependence of yield and its structure on the pre-sowing treatment of triticale seeds by modern fungicides that are effective in extreme conditions.

   A two-factor field experiment was conducted on the experimental field of the Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Amur region. Options: Factor A - triticale varieties: 1. Ukro, St; 2. Yarilo; 3. Carmen. Factor B - treatment with preparations: 1. Control - water; 2. Maxim rate - 1.5 ml/l; 3. Inshur Perform - 0.4 l/ha; 4. Kinto Duo - 2 l/ha. Each variety of triticale corresponded to fourvariants of treatment with preparations. Regarding height, productive business and ear length of triticale, the differences between the preparations and the control were insignificant. The preparation of Kinto Duo increased the number of grains in the ear by 2.0 % compared with the control. Maxim and Inshur Perform by weight of 1000 grains resulted in a significant increase of 2.8 and 3.9 %, and Kinto Duo - 7.2 % compared to the control. Yield is strongly related to productive business, r = 0.798. The correlation between yield and stem length is medium r = 0.332. Between yield, ear length, number of grains in the ear, and weight of 1000 grains, the correlation dependence is weak r < 0.3. The preparation Inshur Perform increased the yield of triticale grain by 0.11 t/ha or 4.9 %, Maxim - by 0.30 t/ha or 13.4 %, and Kinto Duo - by 0.34 or 15.2 % relative to the control.
Interconnecting Land Registers at the European Level: Technological Progress and Harmonization Aspects
Authors: Gołaczyński Jacek , Kaczorowska Maria
Published: January 2024

Characterized by a substantial diversity and falling within the property law domain, land registration systems have been excluded from the European Union harmonization process. At the same time, however, cross-border access to land registry information is critical for the development of the internal market. Therefore, several ambitious strategies are being pursued at the European level to interconnect national land registers by fully exploiting the possibilities offered by the latest technological advances. This article investigates the effect of transnational cooperation initiatives aimed at interconnecting electronic land registers within the European e-Justice program for the enhancement of the integration of the real estate markets in Member States. In this respect, legal challenges connected with the standardization of land information are addressed from comparative and harmonization perspectives.
The German Supply Chain Act – A Sustainable Regulatory Framework for Internationally Active Market Players?
Authors: Mittwoch Anne-Christin , Bremenkamp Fernanda Luisa
Published: January 2024

On January 1, 2023, the German Act on Corporate Due Diligence in Supply Chains (LkSG) entered into force. It is the most important step taken so far by the German legislature in terms of promoting corporate sustainability and protecting human rights in globalized supply chains. Unfortunately, however, it did not make use of the opportunity to take on a pioneering role in the broader comparative context. The authors conduct a critical analysis of the sustainability concept of the Act, as well as its provisions on scope and enforcement. In both aspects, the Act falls short of expectations; it does not introduce a comprehensive concept of sustainability, small and medium-sized enterprises are excluded from the scope of application, and comprehensive due diligence along the supply chain is not achieved. On the enforcement level, the main weakness of the LkSG lies in its exclusion of civil liability.
Micronutrients enriched organic manure and biofertilizer as influenced on multi-cut fodder oat [Avena sativa (L.)]
Authors: Badi A. R. , Patel H. K. , Patel K. C. , Patel P. M. , Raval C. H. , Chavda C. P.
Published: January 2024

Micronutrients enriched organic manure and biofertilizer as influenced on multi-cut fodder oat” conducted during rabi 2021-22 at MFRS, AAU, Anand 388110 (Gujarat) with ten different treatments i.e T1 RDF (80-40-0 NPK/ha), T2 (RDF + NPK consortia), T3 (RDF + Micronutrients Enriched FYM 0.5 t/ha), T4 (RDF + Micronutrients Enriched FYM 1 t/ha), T5 (RDF + Micronutrients Enriched VC 0.5 t/ha), T6 (RDF + Micronutrients Enriched VC 1 t/ha), T7 (RDF + Micronutrients Enriched FYM 0.5 t/ha + NPK consortia), T8 (RDF + Micronutrients Enriched FYM 1 t/ha + NPK consortia), T9 (RDF + Micronutrients Enriched VC 0.5 t/ha + NPK consortia) and T10 (RDF + Micronutrients Enriched VC 1 t/ha + NPK consortia) and an experiment data analysis done with randomized block statistical design having three replications. Plant population, plant height at 20 and 40 DAS, DM% gave non-significant differences due to different treatments. An application of RDF + Micronutrients Enriched VC 1 t/ha + NPK consortia (T10) gave significantly higher plant height at 1st cut (103.32 cm), 30 days after 1st cut (21.37 cm) and at 2nd cut (37.86 cm) and LSR (2.35 and 0.93 both cuts, respectively). Economical yield at 1st and 2nd cut (430.56 & 358.13 q/ha, respectively) and TGFY yield (788.69 q/ha) was observed higher in treatment T10 (RDF + Micronutrients Enriched VC 1 t/ha + NPK consortia). CP % (Crude protein) [11.35 and 11.13 % at 1st and 2nd cut] was noted higher treatment T10 and T8, respectively) whereas DMY (Dry matter yield) (63.48, 78.60, and 142.06 q/ha at 1st and 2nd cut and total DMY, respectively) and CPY (Crude protein yield) (7.22, 8.57, 15.76 q/ha at 1st and 2nd cut and total DMY, respectively) by application of RDF + Micronutrients Enriched VC 1 t/ha + NPK consortia (T10). Lower ADF content (29.91 %) was reported in treatment T8 (RDF + Micronutrients Enriched FYM 1 t/ha + NPK consortia) at 1st cut, whereas the response of treatment on fodder oat was found to be non-significant in the case of ADF content in 2nd cut and NDF content in both cuts. Higher gross income (157740 `/ha), and net realization (94887 `/ha) with 2.51 BCR were also reported with T10, while treatment T2 (RDF + NPK consortia) reported a higher BCR of 3.14.
Host extracts, sugars and amino acids concentrations enhanced growth of Macrophomina phaseolina
Authors: Prakash Reddy M. Surya , Lakshmi Prasad M. Santha , Kumar Ashwini , Ramya K. T. , J. Jawaharlal
Published: January 2024

Macrophomina phaseolina is a soil inhabitant and it is pathogenic to a wide range of host crops. In the present investigation, M. phaseolina was grown in an enriched medium using semi mature stage of plant parts i.e. capsule/pod/head, leaf, stem, root Viz., castor, safflower, mustard, sunflower, groundnut, soybean, sesame crop parts were used at different concentrations. Furthermore, various carbon and amino acid sources were assessed at different concentrations to investigate their impact on the fungus growth under controlled in-vitro conditions. Results showed oil seed crop extracts significantly enhanced mycelial growth was recorded at all concentrations except castor stem extract which recorded the lowest mycelial growth over control, therefore carbon sources @ 250 ppm and 500 ppm of galactose, mannose, inositol, glucose, fructose, dextrose, and mannitol significantly influenced mycelial growth of M. phaseolina. All eight carbon sources have shown almost similar trends of mycelial development and amino acid sources @ 2500 ppm, 5000 ppm, 7500, and 10000 ppm showed maximum mycelial growth was recorded at 2500 ppm, 5000 ppm, 7500 ppm as increasing concentration reduced growth of mycelium however L-Lysine monohydrate recorded lowest mycelial growth at all concentrations.
An analytical approach integrating GGE-Biplot and AMMI techniques for assessing genotype-environment interactions and yield stability in rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes
Authors: S. C. Manoj Kumar , Singh S. K. , Khaire Amrutlal , Korada Mounika , Majhi Prasanta Kumar , Singh D. K.
Published: January 2024

A study was conducted during the Kharif 2020 season in Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India, to investigate the interaction between genotype and environment (GxE) for 55 rice genotypes grown at three different locations. The analysis employed GGE Biplot and AMMI tools to evaluate and graphically visualize these locations for grain yield response to their interrelationships, discrimination ability, and representativeness. AMMI ANOVA revealed significant genotype-environment interactions. A lower value of ASV led to the most stable genotypes HL19WS-33B-369, HL19WS-33A-16, and HL19WS-33B-128, which produced the higher grain yield of all genotypes. The combined use of AMMI and GGE biplot approaches helped identify stable genotypes viz., BRRI Dhan 64, HL19WS-33B-171, HL19WS-33B-317, Samba Mahsuri, and HL19WS-33B-77, which can be proposed in the national testing programs to release new varieties. GGE biplots analysis depicted that all three locations fall under one mega environment. The genotypes, HL19WS-33B-359 and HL19WS-33A-51 exhibited the best yields in the mega-environment. In terms of genotype selection, E1 and E3 demonstrated effective genotypes with general adaptability and specific adaptability for yield, respectively. The mean v/s stability view shows genotype HL19WS-33B-359 to be ideal and most desirable among all other screened genotypes.
Impact of site specific nutrient omission technique on growth, yield and quality of QPM
Authors: Jamsheed Bilkees , A Bhat Tauseef , Jan Bisma , Saxena Amal , Nazir Aijaz , Ahmad Dar Khursheed , Fayaz Suhail , Kounsar Hadiya , Bhat Javeed Ahmad , Bashir Sheikh Danish
Published: January 2024

Maize holds immense importance as the most widely cultivated crop on a global scale. It exhibits remarkable responsiveness to the external application of fertilizers and the optimal doses of nutrients are essential to augment the growth as well as yield characteristics of maize. Therefore, to investigate the nutrient omission impact on crop growth and yield of quality protein maize (LQMH-1 hybrid) under SSNM application of nutrients, a study was performed at an Agricultural Research Farm, FoA, Wadura, SKUAST Kashmir, India, during Kharif season 2021. The experiment comprised of eight treatments viz., absolute control (T1), NPK (T2), NPKZnS (T3), PKZnS (-N) (T4), NKZnS (-P) (T5), NPZnS (-K) (T6), NPKS (-Zn) (T7) and NPKZn5 (-S) (T8) in RCBD experimental design with three replications. The application of NPKZnS led to a substantial increase in yield metrics, including cob length, cob diameter, ear height, grain rows per cob, and seed index. The treatment (T3) attained a significantly higher leaf area index of 5.82 at 60 DAS with CGR of 2.78g m-2 day-1 at 60-90 DAS and RGR of 52.74 mg g-1 day-1 between 30-60 DAS and also recorded maximum protein content (9.5%). Among the omission of nutrients, nitrogen was found to be the most limiting nutrient that drastically reduced LAI, CGR, RGR, yield characters, and protein content of maize which was trailed by P omission and K omission. However, the omission of Zn and S had the least significant impact on the performance of the QPM hybrid.
Sunburn and fruit cracking in Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) cv. ‘Rose Scented’
Authors: Lal Narayan , Kumar Abhay , Pandey S. D.
Published: January 2024

Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) is originally from southern China, but due to its higher adoptability and profitability, it is being cultivated in India. In India, litchi is harvested and sold during April-May and fruits have nutritional and economical values. Litchi cv. 'Rose Scented' is highly preferred in India for its taste, but sunburn and fruit cracking are a major drawback for its cultivation. Studies were conducted to quantify the severity of sunburn and incidence of fruit cracking. Fruits first affected by sunburn and burnt outer skin or peel or cuticle part, later turned into cracking. So sunburn acted as a predisposition to fruit cracking in ‘Rose Scented’. Thus, sun burn and cracking can be seen in the same fruit. These types (cracked fruit with sunburn) of fruits were 8.26%, 19.58% and 43.25% in 2017, 2018 and 2019, respectively. Lower thickness of cuticle and spongy layer and higher temperature of fruit surface in burnt and cracked fruit may be accountable for fruit burning and cracking. A close correlation was observed between sunburn, cracking and weather situation over two months. A positive relationship was found between maximum temperature, sunburn and fruit cracking.
Harnessing the productivity and profitability of wheat through foliar feeding of salicylic acid and micronutrient mixture in Indo-Gangetic plains of Uttarakhand
Authors: Reddy K. Srikanth , Kwatra Jitendra , Chandra Subash , Singh Rohitashav , K. Singh Dinesh , Naik B. Mahesh , Reddy N. Anusha , Reddy B. Sudhakar , Reddy K. Sreenivasa , Reddy G. S. , Meena Deepak Kumar
Published: January 2024

A field experiment was executed to investigate the effect of foliar application of salicylic acid and micronutrients on the productivity and profitability of wheat under different fertility levels in the Tarai region of Uttarakhand. The Experiment was conducted at the E2 block of Norman E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre (NEBCRC) at GBPUA&T, Pantnagar during the rabi season (2020-21). The design chosen for the experiment was Factorial Randomized Block Design (FRBD) with two different factors i.e., A. Fertility factor with 75% and 100% RDF, and B. Foliar spray factor with combination of salicylic acid and micronutrient mixture. The variety employed for the trial was HD-2967, because of its wide range of acceptability of local farmers The Foliar application involved using a micronutrient mixture @ 2.5 ml per liter and salicylic acid at a concentration of 0.4 grams per liter (400 ppm). The study's findings indicate that applying salicylic acid and micronutrient mixture via foliar spray enhances crop performance in terms of both yield and profitability. Notably, the yield from plots treated with 75% RDF along with the application of salicylic acid and micronutrient mixture (5.7 t/ha) was at par with plots treated only with 100% RDF (5.6 t/ha). This implies that using foliar application of salicylic acid and micronutrients can offset the yield reduction associated with lower fertilizer levels while yielding higher returns. Additionally, under 100% RDF conditions along with the application of salicylic acid and micronutrient mixture either individually or in combination, lead to a 15.4% increase in the harvest with a 13.6% higher benefit-to-cost ratio.
Response of foliar application of humic acid and micronutrient mixture on growth and grain yield of maize crop
Authors: T. Pandiaraj  , Yadav Prakash , Singh D. K. , Kumar Vinod
Published: January 2024

The efficiency of humic acid (HA) and micronutrient (MN) mixtures as a source, either separately or in combination, was studied to increase the productivity and growth of maize (Zea mays L.). The research was carried out in the College of Agriculture, Azamgarh, Uttar Pradesh, India during the spring season of 2022. The treatments were replicated three times in a randomized complete block design. The HA and MN mixtures were sprayed separately at 0.2% and 0.4% each. Further, the combination of HA @ 0.2% + MN @ 0.2% and HA @ 0.4% + MN @ 0.4% was also applied. The application was done by foliar spray twice on 35 and 50 DAS, along with control using water. The result revealed that foliar spraying of HA at 0.4% + MN at 0.4% significantly (P=0.05) improved the height (cm), LAI, and dry matter accumulation (g m-2) of the maize crop. In comparison to the MN combination, HA generally had more maize growth and yield. A foliar spray with a combination of HA and MN at 0.4% each could result in a higher grain yield of the maize crop, which recorded a 42.62% higher grain yield than the control. Hence, based on the study, foliar application of the HA+MN mixture at 0.4% could be advised to boost maize crop growth and grain yield during the spring season.
Assessment of molecular diversity through ISSR markers in muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.)
Authors: Lohani Mani , Singh D. K. , Sarkar Mangaldeep
Published: January 2024

The present investigation was carried out for the assessment of molecular diversity in parental lines of muskmelon to be used for the crossing programs to get hybrids with desirable traits. A total of eight inbred lines of andromonoecious muskmelon were assessed with twenty ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeat) primers. Based on polymorphism four primers were selected for whole molecular analysis. The polymorphism varied from 50.00 to 90.90% with an average of 82.97 percent. Pair-wise similarity matrix in accordance with Jaccard’s coefficient revealed the similarity estimation ranging from 55.00% to 75.00%. The maximum similarity value was recorded for the PMM-37 (0.75) with Hara Madhu while the lowest was observed for PMM-4A (0.55) with PMM-16 and between PMM-32 (0.55) and PMM-18. Eight genotypes were categorized into two main clusters. Cluster I included 6 genotypes and Cluster II comprised 2 genotypes with approximately 70.80% similarity among themselves. Cluster I is further subdivided into two sub-clusters IA and IB with 63.00% similarity. Sub-cluster IA further forked into two small clusters IAi and IAii. IAi is comprised of PMM 4A. IAii is further subdivided into 2 groups; Group 1 and Group 2 with approximately 73.60% similarity. Group 1 consists of PMM 16 and group 2 consists of PMM 37 and check variety Hara Madhu with approximately 74.00% similarity. Sub-cluster IB comprised two genotypes PMM 32 and PMM 18 with approximately 70.90% similarity among themselves.
Influence of planting time and spacing on quality of Zucchini (Cucurbita pepo) under naturally ventilated polyhouse
Authors: Bhattacharjee Dhiraj , Phookan Deepa Borbora , Chamuah Suchibrata , Nath Mausum Kumar , Gogoi Sailen , Das Sangita , Debnath Palash
Published: January 2024

An experiment was carried out during 2021-2022 to examine the influence of planting time and spacing on the growth, yield, and quality of Zucchini (Cucurbita pepo. L) under a naturally ventilated polyhouse in the Experimental Farm, Department of Horticulture, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat. Factorial Randomized Block Design was used to set up the experiment with 4 different times of planting (10th November 2021, 1st December 2021, 20th December 2021 and 10th January 2022), and 3 spacings (45cm x 60cm, 60cm x 60cm, and 75cm x 60cm) with 3 replications. Moisture content of fruit (96.24% & 95.31%) was highest in P4 and S3 spacing whereas ascorbic acid content (38.46mg/100g & 36.82 mg/100g) was highest in P2 and S3 spacing. The protein content of fruit (6.52 % & 6.42 %), total carotenoid content (8.37 μg/g), fiber content (0.91 %), ash content (0.65 % & 0.59 %) was recorded highest in the P3 planting and S3 spacing. Total soluble solids content (4.15 brix & 3.95 brix) was highest in P3. Fat content (0.66 mg & 0.67 mg) was highest in P4 planting and S3 spacing. Fiber content (0.90 %) in S2 spacing was found to be significantly different from other spacing. The outcome of the study showed that under naturally ventilated polyhouse conditions planting on 20th December along with a moderate planting distance of 60cm x 60cm induces maximum advantage in plant’s quality parameters.
La precipitación engelante en España. Observación y predicción
Authors: Fernández González Sergio , Martín Pérez Daniel , Abia Llera Inmaculada , Díez Muyo Elia , Garrido del Pozo M.ª Nieves , Ortega González Aurora , Palacio Montemayor Brunilda , Portillo Jiménez-Landi Ana , Valcárcel Hernández M.ª del Mar
Published: January 2024

La precipitación engelante consiste en la caída de hidrometeoros en estado líquido en una región en la que la temperatura en superficie es inferior a 0 °C. Al impactar sobre la superficie de los objetos, las gotas se congelan, pudiendo provocar incidencias potencialmente peligrosas en determinadas actividades como en el transporte terrestre, el suministro eléctrico, etc. En esta nota técnica se describen los principales mecanismos que dan lugar a este fenómeno. Así mismo se propone una guía de ayuda a su pronóstico, en la que se integran en tiempo real diferentes productos para asistir al predictor en la identificación de este tipo de precipitación, entre ellos un esquema de toma de decisiones. Un elemento clave y novedoso de esta guía son los campos de modelos numéricos que dan información sobre el tipo de precipitación. Se propone integrar esta guía en la cadena operativa de AEMET, así como revisar determinados procedimientos de observación. Para ello, se presenta un esquema práctico, que incorpora diferentes herramientas meteorológicas, orientado a mejorar la toma de decisiones de los predictores operativos en la evaluación del diagnóstico del riesgo de precipitación engelante. Ello contribuirá a tener un mejor conocimiento de fenómeno, aumentar los registros, validar los pronósticos y, en definitiva, poder facilitar predicciones de precipitación engelante a la sociedad. A pesar de ser poco frecuente, su adecuado pronóstico contribuirá, sin duda, a mejorar la seguridad de vidas y bienes.
The Role of Marketing in Creating and Sustaining Poland's National Brand
Authors: Sapiński Aleksander
Published: January 2024

National branding, which is used by strategic marketing for a country's identity, has become a strategic tool for a country's competitiveness. Nevertheless, only a few countries in Europe have developed and implemented branding strategies. Poland belongs to such countries that are only formulating and developing branding strategies. Accordingly, there is a need to formulate recommendations for the development of the national brand using modern marketing technologies and tools. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to clarify the directions of the development of the national brand and branding, as well as to develop directions for the use of modern marketing tools for the development of the national brand. In conducting the research, the author used general scientific and special methods: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, systematisation and grouping, and a systematic approach. In the process of developing the research topic, it was proved that national branding increases exports, stimulates foreign investment and tourism. For Poland, it is important to introduce a comprehensive national branding system, which will allow to obtain positive results in various spheres of public life.
Managing Product Features and Customer Satisfaction via Product Development, Product Branding, and Product Packaging: Evidence from CWAY Table Water
Authors: Micahel Oyedele Oyenuga , Fredrick Ekweogwu
Published: January 2024

Customer satisfaction has become a source of worry to most organizations, including the table water business. The table water industry is one of the most competitive markets in Nigeria today and due to its portability and affordability, it is seen as a lucrative trade to venture into. However, this has also led to the proliferation of mushroom table water companies and has made it difficult for some companies to maintain their customer base. Therefore, this study examines the effect of product features on customer satisfaction of veritas table water. The population of this study comprised of 3037 customers of CWAY Table Water Abuja, Nigeria. The sample size of 353 was derived through Taro Yamane’s sample size formula. Data for this study was collected using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used for data analysis. The findings from the study revealed that product development and features have positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction of CWAY Table Water. It was generally concluded that product features have significant effect on the customer satisfaction of CWAY Table Water. This study recommends there should be very strong emphasis on the development of new and innovative products, the management of CWAY Table Water to embrace all the indicators of product branding to be able optimally maximize its benefits and embrace innovative ideas, monitoring and responding to the changes in the needs of the customers.