bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of Realistic Mathematics Education on Problem Solving with Numeracy Literacy Covariables
Authors: Handayani Ni Nyoman Lisna
Published: September 2023

The ability to solve problems in everyday life is the main competency that must be possessed by students in the 21st century. Realistic mathematics education is able to bridge the abstract concepts of mathematics obtained in class with the real world. This study aims to analyze the effect of realistic mathematics education on problem solving with numeracy literacy covariables in fourth grade students at elementary school level. This research is an experimental research with The Posttest-Only Control-Group Design. A total of 50 students were selected as research subjects. Numerical literacy data was collected using a numeracy literacy test and problem solving data using multiple choice tests. Data were analyzed using covariate analysis. The results showed that there was an effect of realistic mathematics education on problem solving of 18.235, after the controlled literacy covariable was 30.464 and the contribution of numeracy literacy to problem solving was 59.4%. The results of this study have implications for the implementation of the independent curriculum in improving students' problem-solving skills and numeracy literacy.
Enhancing Learners’ Speaking Ability in Project-Based Learning (PjBL):How does the Inside-Outside Circle Technic Work?
Authors: Widanta I Made Rai Jaya
Published: September 2023

Project-based learning has been widely recommended in the era of Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka to facilitate learners with the natural, authentic, and meaningful English learning. In its implementation, PjBL also ruins hinderance for learners are frequently not ready with language treasure especially spiking skill to execute the project. This article is aimed to analyze how learners’ speaking skill was enhanced to embody learners’ readiness prior to the project execution. The research participants were sixty semester, two students majoring in mechanical engineering who have been having English for description subject. The subject has been given during the semester which implement PjBL model. The data were collected by observational technic and focused-group discussion. Upon the data were collected, the data were analysed and reported with narration. The results show that inside-outside circle strategy merely helped provide them chances to practice speaking and other ability using project-related language topics. Evaluation result through observation and focused group discussion revealed that students were able to improve their language skill, motivation and self-confidence for the project.
Group Counselling Services with Problem Solving Techniques in Improving Interpersonal Communication Skills of Students from Broken Home Family
Authors: Nasution Nani Barorah , Sidabutar Lilis Granella , Damayanti Nina Afria
Published: September 2023

Communication between parents and adolescents is undoubtedly the most important process in forming social attitudes and behavior of children. This study aims to analyze the effect of group counselling services with problem solving towards students' interpersonal communication skills. Quantitative approach is applied using the quasi-experimental method of the one pre-test post-test group design. Ten students from broken home families in tenth grade were selected using a purposive sampling technique to involve as a subject of the study. The data were collected using a valid and reliable scale instrument developed by the researchers themselves. This scale was given to the subject before and after the treatment. Both descriptive statistics and the Wilcoxon test were employed to analyze the collected data. The analysis results show that there is a difference in score from the pre-test and post-test for 33.8. This result shows that there is an increase in students' interpersonal communication skills for 35.2% since the group counselling services with problem solving implemented to the subject. Moreover, the Wilcoxon test analysis examines that there is a change and significant effect of group counselling services with problem solving on broken home students' interpersonal communication skills since W stat > W table (21>8; p:0.05). Group guidance services using problem solving techniques have an effect on improving interpersonal communication skills of students from broken home family backgrounds. This is marked by a change in students' interpersonal communication skills that were previously low and are now increasing.
Analisis Hidrogeokimia dan Fasies Airtanah di Kabupaten Rembang
Authors: Widyastuti Santhi , Triadi Putranto Thomas
Published: September 2023

Air merupakan salah satu komponen yang harus terpenuhi bagi kelangsungan makhluk hidup. Airtanah merupakan bagian dari sumberdaya air yang baik untuk minum maupun kebutuhan air bersih lainnya. Berkaitan dengan masalah tersebut, maka tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui potensi airtanah yang layak digunakan sebagai air minum berdasarkan kandungan hidrogeokimianya. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode pengambilan sampel sebanyak 108 sampel airtanah untuk data MAT dan 30 sampel airtanah yang dianalisis dengan metode Water Quality Index (WQI). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sifat kimia pada akuifer bebas, memiliki kesadahan paling tinggi yaitu 1466 mg/L, daya hantar listrik paling tinggi yaitu 7290 µS/cm, jumlah garam terlarut paling tinggi yaitu 4860 mg/L dan pH berkisar 7 hingga 7,9. Dengan menggunakan tabel kurlov tipe airtanah yang paling mendominasi yaitu Ca²⁺-HCO3⁻.  Berdasarkan diagram piper termasuk kedalam Fasies alkali tanah dominan hidrogen karbonat, Fasies campuran dominan hidrogen karbonat, dan Fasies alkali dominan klorida. Terdapat 1 sampel tidak layak minum di Kecamatan Rembang, 4 sampel berkualitas buruk dan 15 sampel memiliki kualitas baik hingga sangat baik yang tersebar di Kecamatan Gunem dan Kecamatan Bulu.
TikTok's Conflict of Interest with the US Government: Between Big Data Security and Economics (2017-2023)
Authors: Juned Mansur , Maryam Siti , Salam Syahrul , Utami Rahmadini Agung Ayu
Published: September 2023

State capabilities in securing cyberspace will determine national security in the real world because cyber data is related to conventional information. This condition makes cybersecurity a complex domain because of its virtual nature, but it can impact aspects in real space. This complexity is also because all parties can access cyber, causing conflicts such as competition for big data interests. This study aims to determine the dispute between TikTok and the United States government over the security of its users' data, especially users from the United States. The United States accuses TikTok of misusing US user data for Chinese intelligence. However, TikTok has denied the allegations. The qualitative method used in this research is based on data collection techniques through a literature study with secondary data support. As a result, TikTok requires user data for product and service development purposes. While the United States is more than that, big data users are a national asset determining their global economic position. There is no hard evidence to suggest that TikTok provided the Chinese government with the data of users from the United States. This paper also views the US government's interest as an extension of the local private sector. This view is based on the finding that TikTok's profits and popularity are far above their all-American competitors.
On the experience of teaching the basics of scientometrics and preparing scientific publications at Lomonosov Moscow State University
Authors: Khokhlov A. N.
Published: September 2023

The history of creation and the content of the elective lecture course “Basics of scientometrics and preparing scientific publications” created in 2022 at the School of Biology of Lomonosov Moscow State University are considered. The course, consisting of 12 lectures, is intended for Ph.D. students of any schools of Moscow State University, who, unlike undergraduate students, already have some experience in scientific work and publication of its results. The topics covered in the course are listed, a list of questions proposed in the test is given. Among other things, the main scientometric indicators, work on lists of references, search for possible borrowings in the manuscript, requirements for illustrations, compliance with publication ethics, determining whether a scientific publication belongs to “predatory”, reviewing scientific articles, their correct structuring, etc. are considered. Since the majority of course participants are Ph.D. students of the School of Biology of Moscow State University, special attention in the lectures is paid to the ethical issues of publishing the results of research conducted on animals and humans. It is noted that the course of lectures attracted a fairly large number of listeners interested in the correct design of their articles and choosing the best scientific editions for them. It is emphasized that these issues are especially relevant for scientists involved in the preparation of applications for grants, without which it is now almost impossible to imagine serious scientific research. The results of the test carried out after the end of the course are briefly analyzed.
Confidence intervals and precise p-value in a scientific paper in a biomedical journal
Authors: Mylnikov S. V.
Published: September 2023

The International Committee of Medical Journals Editors recommends that the data obtained be quantified and presented with appropriate indicators of measurement errors. There is a widespread belief among professional statisticians that it is necessary to present precise p-values in publications without correlating them with any threshold (critical) values. The coincidence intervals are extremely informative. For continuous random variables, not only for the sample mean, but also for other indicators: median, standard deviation, asymmetry, kurtosis and coefficient of variation. For discrete random variables, not only for frequency, but also for most epidemiological indicators – the odds ratio, positive and negative predictive values. Regression analysis should end with the construction of confidence interval for all coefficients, as well as the indication of predictive intervals on the graph. In the case of assessing the “strength of the influence of the factor” in the analysis of variance, a confidence interval for this indicator is also obligate. Specifying the exact p-value obtained during the study increases the probability of the published article being included in the meta-analysis. For most calculations of the above-mentioned indicators, the MS Office package, plug-ins to it or calculators located on freely available Internet resources are sufficient.
Reading Practices of Students in Media Communication System of 21st Century: ‘Book Enthusiasts’ and ‘Digital Adepts’
Authors: Askarova V. Ya. , Zubanova L. B. , Zykhovskaya N. L.
Published: September 2023

The article explores the reading practices of contemporary students in the context of the development of digital technologies. The authors interpret the results of sociological research conducted, which reveal students’ attitudes towards various reading practices in the midst of media transformations (surveys, focus groups, analysis of drabbles). The study investigates students’ attitudes towards reading (the value of reading and frequency of engagement), differentiating interests and factors influencing reading activity. The effectiveness of promoting and supporting reading in libraries, universities, the film industry, and opinion leaders is evaluated. The conclusion is drawn that there is no basis for a fundamental distinction between supporters of traditional (book enthusiasts) and digital (digital adepts) reading. Both are fully integrated into the traditional paper and digital book environment. Modern digital and visual communication technologies were found to be the most significant means of encouraging reading for both categories of respondents. The lines of digital inequality are primarily determined by the level of engagement in media communication and the ability to generate creative content. A predominantly passive position of respondents towards reading content online is observed. The conclusion is made about the gap between the declared, recognized, and implemented value of reading.
Local Features of Ballads in Northeast Siberia: Plots of ‘The Mother-in-Law Held Captive by Her Son-in-Law’ and ‘Prince Volkonsky and the Gatekeeper’
Authors: Charina O. I.
Published: September 2023

This article aims to clarify the characteristics of the ballad genre among other works in Northeast Siberia (in Yakutia and a separate settlement in the Magadan region). It examines the local features of ballad song variants recorded from long-time residents of Northeast Yakutia. The source materials used are texts published in the collections “Folklore of Russian Ustye” (1986) and “Russian Epic Poetry of Siberia and the Far East” (1991). The article presents ballad songs of Russian settlers from the lower reaches of the Indigirka River and the Kolyma River basin. Recordings by D. I. Melikov and V. G. Bogoraz are also utilized. The study is conducted using descriptive and comparative methods, as well as some techniques of lexical-semantic analysis. The work continues the research related to specifying the repertoire, genre, and stylistic features that constitute the uniqueness of epic poetry in Northeast Yakutia recorded in the 19th-20th centuries. The specifics of their dissemination are characterized. The first recordings made in the 19th century are compared with ballad texts documented in the 20th century. Special attention is given to the ballad song “The Mother-in-Law Held Captive by Her Son-in-Law.” It is noted that this folklore specimen reflects certain historical realities related to the area where the song was circulated. It is reported that ballad texts were lost by the 1970s.
Higher Education System of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (People’s Republic of China) in 1950s-1960s
Authors: Aktamov I. G. , Daiqin .
Published: September 2023

This study analyzes the establishment and development of higher education in the first autonomous region within the People’s Republic of China (PRC). After the establishment of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (IMAR) in 1947, the regional leadership made efforts to develop the education sector. Improving literacy rates was a strategic goal for the development of the region and the entire country. The preparation of highly qualified personnel was also crucial for the accelerated development of the state. The novelty of this study lies in the utilization of original sources on the history of education in the PRC during its initial stages of construction. The author concludes that the establishment of the first higher education institution, the Pedagogical Institute of IMAR, met the needs of the region and stimulated the development of the entire educational system. In the early years of educational development in IMAR, special attention was given to the study of the Mongolian language and script, as well as the bilingual implementation of educational programs. This was necessary for the development of intercultural interaction and ideological consolidation among the population of IMAR.
Ural in Studies of Enlightenment Era of 18th Century: Works of Vasily Tatishchev
Authors: Kolegov S. S. , Zhao Qianru
Published: September 2023

This article provides a brief overview of the development of knowledge about the Ural region in the 16th-18th centuries. The activities of V. N. Tatishchev in the Middle Ural region are examined from the perspective of studying the area, and an evaluation of his work is given. Special attention is given to his scientific works as the director of Ural factories, his views on the Ural region, and its development prospects. It is noted that his works were the first in Russian literature to provide an assessment of the Ural as a boundary between two “worlds”. The relevance of this topic lies in the fact that the Ural is often seen as a border between the European part of Russia and Siberia. Additionally, the active exploration of this region in the early 18th century remains poorly studied by researchers. The novelty of this work lies in considering V. N. Tatishchev’s activities not only as a government official but also as a scholar and researcher of new lands. The authors conclude that the head of the Ural state factories made significant efforts to study the entrusted lands. As an officer and official, he contributed to the accumulation of necessary knowledge about “Siberia” and cared for the enlightenment of the population. In order to create a complete picture of how the Ural appeared to V. N. Tatishchev, not only his works but also his correspondence with central authorities were utilized as sources.
Omsk Province: History of Border Formation in 1919-1925
Authors: Korzhenevsky K. B.
Published: September 2023

The article examines the issue of establishing the borders of the Omsk province with neighboring territories. The main directions of the delimitation processes with Siberian provinces and the Kirghiz (Kazakh) Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic are analyzed: the allocation of certain districts of the Tyumen province under the control of Omsk; the transfer of parts of the Altai and Tomsk provinces to the Omsk province; the transfer of several districts that were part of the Akmolinsk region to the Kirghiz (Kazakh) ASSR; and the dispute over the territorial affiliation of the Ishim and Pavlodar districts by Omsk. The complexity and ambiguity of territorial demarcation resulting from spontaneous changes in Russia’s administrative-territorial system during the revolutionary events of 1917, the Civil War, and the initial transformations of the Bolsheviks are demonstrated. It is revealed that the main issue was the formation of the southern border of the Omsk province with the Kirghiz (Kazakh) ASSR, which later became the state border between Russia and Kazakhstan. It is noted that the authorities of the Omsk province systematically defended territorial interests not only of their own province but also of Siberia as a whole, being key players in the region. The conclusion is drawn that thanks to the territorial shifts in southern Western Siberia, a foundation was laid for the formation of stable borders between Siberia and the Kirghiz (Kazakh) ASSR.
Military and Political Agitation of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth against Ivan Terrible (Materials of Various Literary Monuments of Livonian War Era)
Authors: Prokhorenkov I. A. , Eylbart N. V.
Published: September 2023

The Livonian War led to an increase in the number of anti-Moscow works in Europe. Western authors closely followed Russia’s successes and failures in the struggle for the redistribution of the Baltic states. The main target of criticism in propaganda texts was Ivan the Terrible, who was portrayed as an enemy of Europe, equal in power to the Turkish sultan. This article analyzes the features of the anti-Russian information campaign based on various genres of texts published in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The study of the statistical aspect of the circulation of pamphlets showed that during the later stages of the war, Polish-Lithuanian typographers significantly influenced the formation of the news field in Europe. The examined works of minor literary forms demonstrated that the description of the confrontation between the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Russia was presented in the context of a defensive war. Due to the noticeable increase in the number of propaganda texts during the reign of Stefan Batory, it was concluded that the Polish king played a primary role in the information campaign to discredit Russia. Batory understood the power of printed propaganda and invested numerous resources in tarnishing the image of the Russian ruler. As a result, by the end of the war, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth managed to have a significant influence on the emerging negative image of Russia and its ruler in Europe.
Muslim Parish Clergy in 19th — Early 20th Century (Metric Books of Bukhara Volost of Tobolsk Uyezd, Tobolsk Governorate)
Authors: Faizullina G. Ch. , Kadirova E. Kh.
Published: September 2023

The article focuses on the manuscript monuments of Turkic-speaking peoples — Muslim metric books. The compilers of books in Old Tatar language are representatives of the Muslim clergy. The study is based on archival documents from the Bukhara Volost of Tobolsk Uyezd, Tobolsk Governorate from the 19th to the early 20th centuries. The aim of the research is to study the composition of the Islamic clergy through the introduction of understudied sources and the historical and sociocultural facts contained in them. As a result of the analysis of metric records, data on 35 individuals were established, including the name of the spiritual rank, personal name and patronymic (by the end of the 19th — early 20th century — surname) of the clergyman, the time and place of his service, and the name of the madrasah where he studied literacy (in the early 20th century). It is noted that the chronological principle in compiling the books allowed tracing continuity in religious cult service, for example, through blood relations. The authors conclude that Muslim metric records are valuable historical and linguistic sources for studying the sociocultural and linguistic situation of the 19th — early 20th century.
Structural Features of Metaphors in English Aphorisms within Philosophical Discourse
Authors: Lavrinenko I. Yu.
Published: September 2023

Structural analysis of aphorisms in philosophical discourse is conducted using a semantic-cognitive approach. The study focuses on aphorisms from Francis Bacon’s treatise “Novum Organum”. The objects, purposes, and bases of metaphorization are identified and classified, revealing phenomena that are objectified through metaphors and denote key areas of conceptualization in Bacon’s linguistic worldview. It is determined that the objects, sources, and bases of metaphorization are highly differentiated, highlighting personifications of the human image in Bacon’s linguistic worldview: the thinking, spiritual, social, and emotional aspects of humans. The majority of objects are anthropomorphic phenomena, including categories of moral order, age characteristics, intellectual abilities, and attributes of social interaction. The sources of metaphors touch upon the social role of humans, their physio-logical sensations from interacting with the environment, and demonstrate the empirical nature of the author’s linguistic personality. Among the sources of metaphors, the most representative group consists of naturalistic images. Francis Bacon refers to natural phenomena and objects as tools for creating complex philosophical concepts.
Multinational People of Russian Federation (Russian Nation): Discursive Representation of a Political Subject
Authors: Golikov L. M.
Published: September 2023

On the basis of the ‘Strategy of State National Policy of the Russian Federation for the period until 2025’, this study examines the semantic and pragmatic features of representing the subject defined by the formula ‘multinational people of the Russian Federation (Russian nation)’, which serves as an actual instrument for expressing state ideology. The relevant attributes of the subject are reconstructed. It is established that the formula realizes the semantics of unity (integrity) at the legal, socio-cultural, and subjective levels. Unity is represented as the assumed state of the subject, acquired through the transformation of its normative, epistemic, and ethical orientations. Regular collocations representing situations causing the relevant attributes of the subject are identified and analyzed, with their implementation being the subject’s normative obligation. The axiological status of the formula is determined as a ‘normative judgment’, expressed through contrast with aberrations identified by lexemes that actualize the semantics of violating unity in political-legal texts. The ideological nature of the formula is demonstrated as a norm of ethical and epistemic nature, implying the subject’s internal non-utilitarian motivation based on its evaluation of unity (integrity) as an ideal and unconditionally true state.
Segmentación Automática de Imágenes de Resonancia Magnética Cerebrales en T1
Authors:   Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Zamudio M.P. , Alba F.A ,   Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Méndez M.O ,   Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Marrufo O.R ,   Departamento de Neuroimagen, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía MVS
Published: September 2023

Una de las técnicas más utilizadas en el procesamiento digital de imágenes es la segmentación, la cual consiste en la extracción de áreas de interés. Esta técnica tiene aplicaciones importantes en la medicina, particularmente, el estudio del cerebro mediante imágenes de resonancia magnética se ha convertido en un aspecto indispensable para el diagnóstico y planificación de tratamiento de enfermedades. Existen diversos algoritmos de segmentación del cerebro, sin embargo, la mayoría de ellos dependen de la interacción del usuario, son sensibles al ruido o utilizan cálculos muy complejos. En este trabajo se plantea un algoritmo automático que inicialmente aísla el cerebro de materias extra-cerebrales mediante operaciones morfológicas sencillas, facilitando su posterior segmentación de materia gris y blanca mediante un método probabilístico. El algoritmo presentó una eficacia del 98.668 % en el aislado del cerebro e índices SD 7% mejores que los obtenidos con K-medias, un método basado en intensidades.
Análisis de Fractalidad de la Ocurrencia de las Fases-A del Sueño
Authors:   Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Alvarado L. , Méndez M.O ,   Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Murguía J.S ,   Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Alba A. ,   Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, González-Aguilar H. ,   Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí
Published: September 2023

El sueño es una actividad de gran importancia, pues durante éste ocurren diversos procesos hormonales, metabólicos y de cognición. Por medio de la actividad eléctrica del cerebro, obtenida mediante un electroencefalograma, se observan fenómenos conocidos como “fases A”que se relacionan con las patologías y que al parecer conllevan información de los procesos subyacentes del sueño.Con la técnica de Detrended Fluctuation Analysis se estudió la propiedad de auto-afinidad mediante fluctuaciones existentes en la serie de tiempo para la ocurrencia de fases A obtenidas de registros polisomnográficos de pacientes sanos y con epilepsia nocturna, desorden del comportamiento REM. Los resultados muestran un exponente de auto-afinidad similar para pacientes con una patología y para aquellos que no presentan una;esto sugiere la existencia de algún mecanismo que preserva losprocesos de gran importancia que ocurren durante el sueño.
Parametrización de Índice de Arco Mediante Descriptores Simples de Región.
Authors:   División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de León, López Jiménez Marlene Elizabeth , Alonso Herrera Carlos ,   División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Celaya, Santiago Montero Raúl ,   División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de León, Hernández Bautista Ignacio ,   División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de León, Gutiérrez Hernández David Asael ,   División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de León, Díaz González Claudia Leticia ,   División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de León
Published: September 2023

La presente investigación muestra una serie de métodos realizados por la observación y análisis de la medida Índice de Arco (IA, definida en el espacio continuo) en el espacio digital y su robustez ante transformaciones afines, como parámetro para medir el Arco Longitudinal Medial (ALM). La base de datos utilizada para el estudio fue obtenida a partir de 50 niños en un rango de edad entre 7 y 9 años, edad donde está comprendido el desarrollo del ALM. El IA demostró estabilidad en el espacio digital y robustez ante transformaciones de escala, además de mostrar la predominancia del Arco Bajo/Pie Plano en la población infantil propuesta, en correlación con estudios anteriormente presentados en poblaciones infantiles.
How monochromatic and composed light affect the kale ‘Scarlet’ in its initial growth stage
Authors: Wojciechowska Renata , Dąbrowa Anna , Kołton Anna
Published: September 2023

Interest in vegetables at their microgreen stage, especially those from the Brassicaceae family, has constantly grown due to their numerous health-promoting compounds. Brassica oleracea convar. acephala var. sabellica cv. Scarlet with purple leaf discolouration was used in the study. Four LED lighting treatments were applied: white light (control), monochromatic blue (430 nm), monochromatic red (660 nm) and purple, i.e., blue (30% in spectrum, 430 nm) mixed with red (70%, 620 nm and 660 nm in equal shares). Photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) was 100 µmol m–2 s–1, photoperiod – 16 h light. The purple light promoted the cotyledon growth but decreased the soluble sugars content. The blue light significantly enhanced the anthocyanins synthesis and the radical scavenging activity (RSA). While under white light, the highest concentration of free amino acids and the lowest RSA were observed. As regards the phenolic compounds and photosynthetic pigments content, the reaction of kale to white light was similar to those observed under the purple and red light conditions. The experiment discussed here is of great practical importance and reveals the need for more in-depth research.
The influence of chilling hours on root starch content, growth and yield of strawberry tray plants
Authors: Wójcik Katarzyna , Klamkowski Krzysztof , Treder Waldemar , Masny Agnieszka , Tryngiel-Gać Anna
Published: September 2023

The chilling requirements of two strawberry cultivars (‘Sonata’, ‘Albion’) were assessed by evaluating the starch accumulation levels in the tray plants’ root system and their subsequent growth and yielding. The research was conducted in an experimental orchard and a greenhouse of the National Institute of Horticultural Research in Skierniewice, Poland, in 2017–2019 (2 cycles of obtaining planting material and growing plants). The tray plants (rooted tips) were grown in the natural field conditions until they were transferred in batches to a cold store (–2°C) on five different dates: 12 Oct., 30 Oct., 20 Nov., 11 Dec., and 3 Jan. (of the following year). The number of accumulated chilling hours less than 7°C was recorded for each transfer date, and the roots were analysed for starch content at the time of transfer. After the end of cold storage (3 months, standardised for all treatments), the plants were planted in pots and transferred to a greenhouse to assess growth and plant yielding. The obtained results indicate that chilling induces changes in the extent of starch accumulation. The highest starch accumulation in ‘Sonata’ roots was recorded when the plants received about 500 h of chilling (under Polish conditions accumulated in November/December). In the ‘Albion’ strawberry case, the maximum was found at the lower chilling level – about 300 h (middle of November). The highest fruit yields were produced by ‘Sonata’ plants, for which the number of chilling hours (0–7°C) was 500–800 h. In the case of ‘Albion’, the values were 2–3 times lower. A more extended period of keeping tray plants in field conditions (over 1000 h of chilling) resulted in a deterioration in fruit yield.
The prevalence and prognostic effect of hyponatremia in children with COVID-19 pneumonia: a retrospective study
Authors: Çelik Taylan , Doğan Durmuş , Parlak Çağrı Furkan
Published: September 2023

Background. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of hyponatremia at admission as a negative prognostic factor in children hospitalized with COVID-19 pneumonia.
Methods. The data of patients aged 1 month-18 years, who were followed with the diagnosis of pneumonia at Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, between January 2018 and May 2021 were examined, retrospectively. Patients (n=661) were divided into two main groups; COVID-19 pneumonia (n=158) and the other pneumonias [other viral pneumonia (n=161) and pneumonia of unknown etiology (n=342)].
Results. Six hundred and twenty-three patients with a median (Q1-Q3) age of 4 (1.5-8) years, 59.4% of whom were male were included in the study. The overall prevalence of hyponatremia at admission was 11.2% and was lower in those with COVID-19 pneumonia than in those with other viral pneumonia (6.4% vs. 15.2%, p=0.013). When evaluated irrespective of their COVID-19 status, hyponatremic patients had a higher supplemental oxygen requirement (OR 2.5 [1.4-4.3], p < 0.001), higher need for intensive care unit (ICU) admission (OR 3.7 [1.3-10.2], p=0.009) and longer duration of hospitalization (p=0.016) than the normonatremic patients. In patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, being hyponatremic had no effect on supplemental oxygen requirements or the duration of hospitalization. When hyponatremic patients were evaluated, the supplemental oxygen requirements and duration of hospitalization of those with COVID-19 pneumonia were similar to the other pneumonias (p > 0.05 for all comparisons). However, normonatremic COVID-19 pneumonias had higher supplemental oxygen requirements than other viral pneumonias and pneumonia of unknown etiology (OR 4.7 [2.2-10.3], p < 0.001; OR 1.6 [1 -2.7], p=0.043, respectively).
Conclusion. This study found that hyponatremia at admission is rarer in children with COVID-19 pneumonia than other viral pneumonias and has no effect on supplemental oxygen requirements or the duration of hospitalization.
The effects of glucocorticoid plus intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) vs IVIG alone on platelet activation in children with Kawasaki disease
Authors: Wang Qiong-Qiong , Zheng Li-Yun , Zhao Sheng
Published: September 2023

Background. Even though intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is a current treatment for Kawasaki disease (KD), 10-20% of patients require additional therapy. This study seeks to investigate the therapeutic effects of glucocorticoids plus IVIG on KD and to ascertain the subsequent effect on platelet activation during the acute phase.
Methods. A total of 32 children with KD were randomly classified into two groups: the experimental group (16 cases) and the control group (16 cases). The control group was exposed to IVIG (2 g/kg), whereas children in the experimental group were treated with IVIG (2 g/kg) + glucocorticoid. Peripheral venous blood samples were obtained from all participants before treatment as well as three days post-treatment to test platelet activation levels with procaspase activating compound-1 (PAC-1) antibody, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), interleukin-6 (IL- 6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), procalcitonin (PCT), and C-reactive protein (CRP). Fever duration posttreatment was documented for both groups. Additionally, the coronary arteries in both groups were evaluated during three months of treatment.
Results. After treatment, the experimental group had remarkably lower levels of TNF-α, CRP, PCT, IL-6, PAC- 1, and TLR4 relative to the control group. The fever persistence rate was considerably elevated in the control group compared to the experimental group (log-rank, P=0.024). In addition, the z-score of coronary artery size dropped after IVIG + glucocorticoids treatment compared to the control group, although this difference was not significant.
Conclusions. The IVIG + glucocorticoids can quickly mitigate the inflammatory response and platelet activation. Moreover, it can also improve clinical symptoms in children with KD.
ORAI1 defect in a patient with disseminated CMV infection and severe hypotonia
Authors: Deveci Kübra , Yalnızoğlu Dilek , Çağdaş Deniz , Oğuz Kader Karlı , Ertuğrul İlker , Gülşen Hayriye Hızarcıoğlu , Ocak Melike , Bildik Hacer Neslihan , Esenboğa Saliha , Tezcan İlhan
Published: September 2023

Background. A clinical presentation similar to severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) with defective T cell activation but normal lymphocyte development occurs due to certain molecule defects including ORAI1- and STIM1.
Case. A four-month-old girl sufferd from fever, restlessness, diarrhea, and poor weight gain following the neonatal period. There was consanguinity and a positive family history. She had hypotonia and spontaneous opisthotonic posture. Refractory and extensive CMV infections were detected; immunological investigations revealed normal quantitative immunoglobulins and low numbers of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ cells. The next generation sequencing analysis revealed a mutation in the ORAI1 gene.
Conclusions. The present patient`s history of refractory and widespread CMV infections shows a clinically substantial reduction in resistance against opportunistic microorganisms. This case emphasizes the importance of considering STIM1 and ORAI1 defects in patients with SCID phenotype and neurologic involvement, such as hypotonia.
Assessing fatigue and related factors in adolescents with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF): psychometric properties of the PedsQL Multidimensional Fatigue Scale
Authors: Saraç Devrim Can , Pastutmaz Ece , Kongur Sena , Karakurt Cennet Hanım , Akar İdil , İnanç İsrafil , Gücenmez Özge Altuğ , Demir Belde Kasap , Metin Serkan , Bayraktar Deniz
Published: September 2023

Background. Fatigue is a common problem in pediatric rheumatic diseases and is associated with poor quality of life. However, no validated methods are available to measure fatigue in adolescents with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). The aim of the study was to establish validity and reliability for the child self-report PedsQL Multidimensional Fatigue Scale (PedsQL-MFS) and to investigate the effects of physical characteristics, diseaserelated characteristics, sleep quality/duration, and the amount of physical activity on fatigue in adolescents with FMF.
Methods. Seventy-one adolescents with FMF (13-18 years) were included. Children were examined regarding physical- and disease-related characteristics and completed patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) regarding sleep quality/duration, physical activity levels, and fatigue. PedsQL-MFS was re-completed within the following 7-14 days.
Results. PedsQL-MFS demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability (ICC in 95% CI: 0.877-0.958) and internal consistency (Cronbach`s α: 0.928). All items contributed to the total score (item-total correlation > 0.3). PedsQLMFS scores were significantly correlated to fatigue (r: -0.666, p < 0.001), physical activity (r: 0.373, p < 0.001), sleep quality (rs: 0.678, p < 0.001), and sleep duration (r: 0.473, p < 0.001). Being female, having attacks in the last six months, a sleep duration of less than seven hours, and engaging in less physical activity resulted in higher fatigue.
Conclusions. PedsQL-MFS seems to be feasible for assessing fatigue in adolescents with FMF. Sex, recent attacks, sleep, and physical activity should be taken into consideration in the fatigue management of patients with FMF.
Evaluation of common NLRP3 Q703K variant in pediatric patients with autoinflammatory disease: CAPS and PFAPA
Authors: Kendir-Demirkol Yasemin , Jenny Laura A , Demir Ferhat , Sözeri Betül
Published: September 2023

Background. Gain-of-function mutations of the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) gene have been implicated in autoinflammatory diseases. The NLRP3 Q703K variant is a common variant associated with Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS) and periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and cervical adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome. However, the genotype-phenotype correlation between NLRP3 Q703K variant, CAPS and PFAPA is unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the frequency of the NLRP3 Q703K variant in patients with and without autoinflammatory disease and characterize the phenotype in only Q703K variant positive patients.
Methods. A retrospective analysis of 639 patients with autoinflammatory symptoms was conducted. Patients underwent next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel analysis of 16 genes, including NLRP3. For the 68 patients carrying the only Q703K variant, their clinical and demographic information was evaluated. Genetic data from 1461 patients without autoinflammatory symptoms were used as the control group.
Results. Of our 639 autoinflammatory symptomatic patients, the Q703K mutation was detected in 68 (5.3% allele frequency). Heterozygous mutations were detected in 141 patients without autoinflammatory symptoms (4.8% allele frequency, p=0.4887). Of the patients with variant in Q703K, 10 patients were diagnosed with CAPS , 7 patients were diagnosed with PFAPA and the remaining 39 were diagnosed with undefined systemic autoinflammatory disease (uSAID) Conclusions. The Q703K variant, which is seen with similar frequency in the control and autoinflammatory groups, is also of higher prevalence in patients with mild CAPS symptoms and PFAPA syndrome. This variant, together with other undetected genetic variants or epigenetic modifications, may be responsible for the corresponding phenotype. As such, it is essential for clinicians to evaluate their patients using both genetic and clinical evaluations.
Outcomes of newborns with tracheostomy: single center experience
Authors: Tandırcıoğlu Ümit Ayşe , Doğan Özge , Günaydın R Önder , Yiğit Şule , Çelik H Tolga
Published: September 2023

Background. Babies with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) are discharged with the support of a home-type mechanical ventilator, after opening a tracheostomy. In addition, although rare, tracheostomy is required in the neonatal period in congenital airway malformations. Early tracheostomy is appropriate to prevent complications due to prolonged intubation. We aimed to find the appropriate time for tracheostomy by examining the tracheostomy opening and closing times, complications and demographic characteristics of the patients, who were hospitalized and underwent tracheostomy in our neonatal intensive care unit.
Methods. This retrospective study involved infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit between January 2014 and 2019 and discharged following tracheostomy. Information acquired from hospital data was enrolled. The protocol was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT04497740.
Results. Twenty-six neonates with median 27.5 weeks gestational age and birth weight 885 gr were enrolled in the study. The mean opening time for tracheostomy was 54 ± 24 days, and the postmenstrual age (PMA) was 36 ± 3 weeks. The mean time to closure of tracheostomy in newborns with a tracheostomy was 387 ± 164 days. The duration of accidental decannulation developed as an early complication in 8 patients was mean 11 ± 8 days. Aspiration pneumonia in 2, subglottic stenosis in 5, accidental decannulation in 2, suprastomal collapse in 7, tracheocutaneous fistula in 8 and granulation tissue in 2 patients were found to be late complications, which occurred within median 90 days.
Conclusions. If there is no evidence that breathing has improved and the patient is still using a mechanical ventilator at high pressures and high oxygen concentration, a tracheostomy placement should be considered within two months.
Incidence and risk factors of transient hypothyroxinemia of prematurity: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Maneenil Gunlawadee , Juthong Matimon , Thatrimontrichai Anucha , Janjindamai Waricha , Dissaneevate Supaporn , Jaruratanasirikul Somchit
Published: September 2023

Background. Transient hypothyroxinemia of prematurity (THOP) is characterized by low thyroxine (T4) levels with normal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. This study aimed to determine the incidence and factors associated with THOP.
Methods. This prospective cohort study included neonates who were born before 37 weeks of gestation in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) between April 2017 and December 2020. Serum TSH and free thyroxine (FT4) levels were routinely screened at 3-5 days and 2, 4, and 6-8 weeks postnatally. The criteria for diagnosis of THOP were a TSH level < 7 mU/L with a FT4 level < 0.8 ng/dL at any screening timepoint.
Results. The incidence of THOP in infants born before 28, 34, and 37 weeks of gestation was 39.5 (17/43), 8.4% (29/343), and 4.8% (35/722), respectively. A multivariate analysis revealed that a gestational age of < 28 weeks (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 5.35, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.89-15.13, p=0.002); 5-min Apgar score of ≤3 (aOR: 5.72, 95% CI: 2.2-14.89, p < 0.001); and treatment with aminophylline (aOR: 2.95, 95% CI: 1.08-8.11, p=0.037), dobutamine (aOR: 4.12, 95% CI: 1.55-10.98, p=0.004), or morphine (aOR: 4.91, 95% CI: 1.29-18.74, p=0.011) were associated with an increased risk of THOP. The TSH and FT4 levels in infants with THOP returned to normal ranges by 2 weeks of age.
Conclusions. THOP is frequently found in preterm infants. An extremely low gestational age, a low Apgar score, and the use of certain medications in the NICU are risk factors for the development of THOP. Therefore, a thyroid screening program should be implemented for evaluating congenital hypothyroidism (CH) and THOP in preterm neonates in all settings.
Determinants of Jeonse Prices in Gangnam District: Machine Learning and Explainable Artificial Intelligence Approach
Authors:   Korean Association for Housing Policy Studies, Kim Tae-Young , Ryu Doojin , Park Eunil
Published: September 2023

This study employs a machine learning model with a black box nature to explore the variables influencing Jeonse apartment prices in the Gangnam district. While traditional real estate finance has relied on Linear Regression, recent advancements have been made by sophisticated machine learning models such as XGBoost, leading to heightened performance. Nevertheless, the inherent opacity of XGBoost poses challenges in comprehending the factors guiding Jeonse prices. Addressing this limitation, we apply TreeSHAP, an eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) technique, to the XGBoost model, thus elucidating its contributions and facilitating an in-depth analysis of the determinants governing Jeonse prices in the Gangnam district. Our experiments confirm that XGBoost achieves superior performance, compared to linear regression. We delve into influential determinants such as the construction date, major construction companies, and transportation convenience via XAI. This study demonstrates that enhancing the reliability and usability of machine learning can improve the explanatory power of the Jeonse real estate market and its price determinants.
The Effects of Elderly Household Characteristics on Residency in Universal Design Housing
Authors:   Korean Association for Housing Policy Studies, Park Hyeon-Taek , Kim Jin-Yhup
Published: September 2023

Korea is facing the impending transition into a super-aged society, where over 20% of the total population is comprised of individuals aged 65 and older. In this trend, housing for the elderly is one of the most important issues for stable retirement design. This study examines the living conditions of elderly households aged 65 and above in Korea, focusing on low-income and disabled households, which are considered vulnerable groups. To accomplish this, we analyzed empirical data from 2020 Korea Housing Survey using binary logistic regression. The findings confirm that low-income and disabled elderly households are the most vulnerable group concerning their residence in housing with universal design. These households tend to live in homes with insufficient universal design, and face challenges in meeting their daily needs while enduring poor living environments. This study provides policy implications for the application of universal design in housing for Aging in Place (AIP) of the elderly households, whose numbers are expected to increase significantly in the future.