bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potential autonomous vehicle ownership growth in Hungary using the Gompertz model
Authors: Alatawneh Anas , Torok Adam
Published: April 2023

Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) are anticipated to bring forth a multitude of advantages for upcoming mobility.These potential benefits and many others vary substantially by the market share of AVs. There are several articles that investigated AV market share with a variety of methods, however, they show a huge variation depending on the market specifications. The aim of this research is to calculate private AV adoption rates over time depending on the Hungarian automobile market characteristics. The research empirically estimates, using the Gompertz function, the projected growth rates of private autonomous passenger vehicles in Hungary using historical patterns of human-driven vehicle ownership data on the basis of projected per capita GDP.The study's findings suggest that, in an optimistic and moderate scenario, the Hungarian car market is projected to become saturated due to AVs by 2067 and 2076, respectively. However, a pessimistic estimation indicates that saturation is unlikely to occur before 2100. This study’s contribution to the literature is through a mathematical approach that predicts AVs market penetration rate and saturation year, in which the assumptions and the used parameters of the model can be modified depending on different case studies, or they can be updated due to the advancement in technology and improvement in knowledge of the studied market.
KPI tree - a hierarchical relationship structure of key performance indicators for value streams
Authors: Bumba Alberto , Gomes Manuel , Jesus Cristiano , Lima Rui M.
Published: April 2023

Performance Measurement Systems (PMS) have been a potential answer to problems related to production systems monitoring, allowing the management and manipulation of data collected at various levels in organizations. PMS can be defined as a group of indicators in an information system. There are several types of PMS, however, the relationship between indicators in a PMS is still an issue that needs to be explored, as the KPIs in a production system are not independent and may have an intrinsic relationship. The purpose of this paper is to present a multilevel structure and its intrinsic structural relation for managing and analysing KPIs for a value stream production system. This hierarchical structure has different KPI levels such as Improvement KPIs, Monitoring KPIs, and Results KPIs or KPR (Key Performance Results), intrinsically related from the strategic levels to the operational levels. This provides a useful tool for the management of production systems, being used to analyse, and support the organization's continuous improvement processes.
Aviation gravimetric system with two-channel transformer gravimeter
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Bezvesilna Ylena , Hrynevych Mariia ,   State University "Zhytomyr Polytechnic", Tolochko Tetiana ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”
Published: April 2023

The monograph outlines the main fundamental theoretical provisions regarding the measurements of the acceleration of gravity and anomalies of the acceleration of gravity using an aviation gravimetric system, the main component of which is a new two-channel transformer gravimeter. The monograph provides information on the practical application of information from a two-channel transformer gravimeter. The main new scientific provisions of the monograph are confirmed by patents of Ukraine for inventions, highlighted in the authors' scientific articles. The monograph is intended for doctoral students, post-graduate students, master's students of higher educational institutions in automation and instrument engineering, as well as for specialists of institutes of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU), research and design organizations of the instrument engineering profile
Toxicity Associated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Analysis of Immune-Related Adverse Events with a Pembrolizumab Biosimilar (Pembroria)
Authors: Fedyanin M. Yu. , Snegovoy A. V. , Breder V. V. , Linkova Yu. N. , Zinkina-Orikhan A. V. , Setkina S. B. , Fogt S. N. , Chistiakov V. S. , Kravtsova N. A.
Published: April 2023

In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of patients with malignancies treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including the anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti–PD-1) agent pembrolizumab. One of the important aspects of conducting clinical trials with ICIs is the assessment of the risk of developing immune-related adverse events (irAEs).

The aim of the study was to evaluate the safety of a pembrolizumab biosimilar (BCD-201, Pembroria) compared with a reference medicinal product using the results of a phase I clinical trial and the available medical literature.

Materials and methods. A phase I double-blind, randomised, controlled clinical trial (BCD-201-1) has been conducted in patients with advanced melanoma and non-small-cell lung cancer (n=131). Patients were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to receive either BCD-201 (Pembroria) or the reference medicinal product (Keytruda®), administered intravenously at a dose of 200 mg every 3 weeks for up to 24 weeks or until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity is observed. Since the trial results remain blinded at the time of this writing, treatment group data are masked.

Results. The study demonstrated the equivalence of pharmacokinetics and comparable safety profiles of pembrolizumab biosimilar and reference medicinal products. Both medicinal products were well tolerated; the frequency of all-grade irAEs was comparable between treatment groups (21.2% in Group 1 vs 21.5% in Group 2). Most irAEs were mild to moderate, with the exception of a case of Grade 3 diarrhoea and immune-mediated enterocolitis in one study subject; there were no statistically significant differences in the median time to development of irAEs between treatment groups (Р=0.22, two-sided Wilcoxon test).

Conclusions. The analysed period of the BCD-201-1 trial demonstrated comparable safety characteristics of Pembroria and Keytruda®, which is consistent with the published safety data on the latter. Information on the similarity of long-term safety profiles of the pembrolizumab biosimilar and the reference medicinal product will be obtained from ongoing clinical trials.
Effectiveness of virtual reality technology in teaching pedestrian skills to children with intellectual disabilities
Authors: KURTÇA Veli Emre , GEZGİN Deniz Mertkan
Published: April 2023

Pedestrian skills are important for children with intellectual disabilities to continue their daily lives independently. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of virtual reality in the acquisition and maintenance of pedestrian skills for children with intellectual disabilities. In addition, the effect of virtual reality on participants generalizing their pedestrian skills to real environments has also been examined. In the study, social validity data were collected from the participants and their mothers regarding the results of the study. Three intellectual disabled children between the ages of 11 and 15 participated in the study. In the study, a multiple probe design with inter-participant probe trial, which is one of the single-subject research models, was used. It is seen that all participants learned pedestrian skills and continued the skills they learned one, three and five weeks after the completion of the instruction. In addition, all participants were able to generalize their skills to the real environment (pedestrian crossing and illuminated pedestrian crossing). When the social validity data collected from the participants and their mothers were examined, it was revealed that teaching with virtual reality applications is interesting and fun, in addition, it can be used for different educational purposes.
Geotechnical properties of upper geological layer by means of express microtremor study
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Datsyuk Yuriy
Published: April 2023

The statistical evaluation of the H/V ratio of microseismic oscillations for determining the geotechnical properties of upper geological layer is proposed. Measurements have been carried out for different types of grounds and a good agreement of the results with its values of shear wave velocity is demonstrated. The proposed method is based on the usage of ultralow noise density 3-axis MEMS accelerometer, thus making the equipment very small and portable.
Determination Optimum Inventory Level for Material Using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Laith Watheq Hayawi , Al-Zubaidy Sawsan Sabeeh , Mahmoud Mahmoud Abbas
Published: April 2023

The integration of decision-making will lead to the robust of its decisions, and then determination optimum inventory level to the required materials to produce and reduce the total cost by the cooperation of purchasing department with inventory department and also with other company,s departments. Two models are suggested to determine Optimum Inventory Level (OIL), the first model (OIL-model 1) assumed that the inventory level for materials quantities equal to the required materials, while the second model (OIL-model 2) assumed that the inventory level for materials quantities more than the required materials for the next period.                                                    This study was applied in Wasit Company for Textile Manufacturing in the Textile Factory, where it produces five products, which are printed striped, plain, poplin, dyed poplin and Naba weave.  The products are made from cotton and they are passing through several stages to transfer to the final product. A genetic algorithm is used to determine the optimum quantity of the purchase a cotton and colors for each month and with minimum cost. Where the purchasing and transportation costs were either constant or variable with respect to purchased quantities while holding cost is kept constant. The results showed that the total cost of the first model is minimum than the second model because the holding cost for this model is less from the second model, while the purchasing and transportation costs from two models are equals. The percentage of purchasing cost for cotton is the biggest value, more 99% of purchasing cost for two models.
A Realistic Aggregate Load Representation for A Distribution Substation in Baghdad Network
Authors: Al-Rawi Azhar M.
Published: April 2023

Electrical distribution system loads are permanently not fixed and alter in value and nature with time. Therefore, accurate consumer load data and models are required for performing system planning, system operation, and analysis studies. Moreover, realistic consumer load data are vital for load management, services, and billing purposes. In this work, a realistic aggregate electric load model is developed and proposed for a sample operative substation in Baghdad distribution network. The model involves aggregation of hundreds of thousands of individual components devices such as motors, appliances, and lighting fixtures. Sana’a substation in Al-kadhimiya area supplies mainly residential grade loads. Measurement-based techniques are to be used in estimating the substation load model parameters. The proposed model accounts for the effect of the feeders, the LV- transformers and the compensation devices present in the system. The model validation is evident from calculated results comparison to realistic measured data.
Determination of effect of metal surface preparation on resistance of epoxy-sand coating to aggressive media
Authors:   Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI), Egunova T.N. , Baurova N. I. ,   Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI)
Published: April 2023

The composition and features of the manufacture of specimens of epoxy-sand composite used during the field repair of road construction machines are considered. The results of determining the influence of the preparation quality of a metal surface on resistance of the epoxy-sand coating to aggressive media are presented. It is shown that the quality of the filler preparation does not affect the coating resistance to aggressive media. It was found out that specimens with a pre-treated surface before applying the epoxy-sand composite coating showed the best resistance to aggressive media.
Artrosis vertebral anterior en una población contemporánea (La Plata, Argentina)
Authors: Plischuk Marcos , Desántolo Bárbara , García Mancuso Rocío , Peña Victoria Chiara
Published: April 2023

Las denominadas patologías artrósicas engloban un conjunto de procesos crónicos, inflamatorios y degenerativos, muy frecuentes en poblaciones contemporáneas, para las cuales han sido propuestas como desencadenantes la edad, el sexo, la predisposición genética, los traumas, la obesidad, y las actividades laborales/deportivas. El objetivo de nuestro trabajo fue establecer la prevalencia de la artrosis vertebral anterior (AVA) en una población urbana contemporánea y su relación con la edad y el sexo de los individuos. Se analizaron 95 esqueletos (45 masculinos, 50 femeninos), pertenecientes a la Colección Lambre (La Plata, Argentina). Para el diagnóstico de la patología se relevaron: a) labiación, b) generación de tejido óseo, c) porosidad en las superficies articulares, d) osteofitos verticales mayores a 2 mm y e) eburnación. Los resultados mostraron un 84,21% de individuos afectados sin diferencias entre sexos. Un 60% presentó AVA en la zona cervical, 76,8% en el área torácica, y 74,7% en la zona lumbar. En menores de 50 años fue afectado un 53,85%, porcentaje significativamente menor a los hallados en los rangos 51-70 y mayores de 70 (93,02% y 100% respectivamente). Con el envejecimiento, la severidad de las lesiones aumenta de manera significativa. Estos resultados confirman la alta prevalencia de la patología en nuestra población, la baja implicancia del sexo como factor desencadenante y la relación directa entre la afección y el proceso de envejecimiento.
Bioarqueologia y paleopatologia de los cazadores-recolectores del sitio Cueva de Plaza: revisión y nuevos aportes
Authors: Evans Denise Karla , Miranda De Zela Paula , Scheinsohn Vivian
Published: April 2023

La Cueva de Plaza es el primer sitio con inhumaciones múltiples datado en momentos históricos para el valle del Genoa (Chubut, Argentina). En este trabajo se da a conocer el análisis bioarqueológico final de los restos óseos humanos y el análisis paleopatológico detallado de esas muestras. La estructura del registro bioarqueológico permite plantear la posibilidad de que los individuos representados hayan fallecido de manera penecontemporánea o en un rango de tiempo acotado, mientras que el análisis paleopatológico permitió detectar dos lesiones traumáticas, líneas de hipoplasia del esmalte dental y una alteración congénita. Las características de este contexto se discuten en el marco general del modelo de redes de transmisión cultural postuladas a partir del arte rupestre del Noroeste Patagónico para el Holoceno tardío y su correspondencia con el registro bioarqueológico de sitios vecinos.
Desigualdades en las experiencias sobre alimentación durante la pandemia por Covid-19
Authors: Cordero María Laura , Cesani María Florencia
Published: April 2023

Este trabajo se propuso describir las experiencias sobre alimentación durante la pandemia por Covid-19, de acuerdo a la configuración ecológica urbano o rural y al nivel socioeconómico (NSE) en hogares de la provincia de Tucumán (Argentina). Se efectuó un trabajo de campo digital en 1342 hogares clasificados como urbanos (942) o rurales (400) según los criterios del Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos. Las experiencias sobre la alimentación se valoraron mediante el análisis de datos primarios aplicando la Escala Latinoamericana y Caribeña para la medición de la Seguridad Alimentaria y el NSE mediante la Family Affluence Scale. Asimismo, se acudió a fuentes de información secundaria para caracterizar las condiciones estructurales de vida de la población urbana y rural. Los resultados mostraron mayor afectación en las experiencias del hogar en general, en comparación con las experiencias de los adultos y de los niños, las niñas y los adolescentes, en particular. Los hogares rurales fueron los más perjudicados al igual que los de NSE bajo. Aun así, las experiencias y prácticas en ambos entornos tuvieron en común el cuidado de la alimentación de los niños, las niñas y los adolescentes.
Una evolución del pensamiento sobre los artefactos líticos arqueológicos: desde el Hexágono a las Américas y viceversa
Authors: Boëda Eric , Hoguin Rodolphe , Pérez-Balarezo Antonio
Published: April 2023

Este artículo propone una breve revisión histórica y un estado actual de las investigaciones en Sudamérica en torno a los objetos líticos tallados. Particularmente, se evalúa la influencia del pensamiento de la escuela francesa a través de las investigaciones tipológicas y tecnológicas en este sub-continente. En un primer momento, se revisan los aportes de la percepción tipológica del material lítico, y de la racionalidad que le prosiguió con la construcción de un discurso -la denominada “escuela francesa de tecnología prehistórica”. Seguidamente, se evalúan las trayectorias de ambas escuelas a la luz de las misiones arqueológicas francesas presentes en Sudamérica. Ambas escuelas han influenciado la forma de construir conocimiento tanto en Francia, como en el ámbito sudamericano. Se hace énfasis, finalmente, sobre los efectos epistemológicos de los enfoques franceses en las Américas, sopesando su rol efectivo en la percepción, descripción y diagnóstico de los conjuntos líticos arqueológicos: ¿simples herramientas de lectura o disrupciones paradigmáticas?
Transição de cuidados em saúde: pontos-chave para a criação e implementação de um projeto
Authors: Santos Mónica , Espírito Santo Maria Inês , Nascimento Patricia , Silva Patricia , Rocha Saraiva Paula , Lopez Paula Suarez
Published: April 2023

Objetivo: A transição de cuidados (TC) do hospital para o domicílio é um indicador potencial para a avaliação dos cuidados integrados e centrados nas pessoas. Este estudo qualitativo, exploratório e descritivo, teve como objetivo identificar os princípios das boas práticas da TC na alta hospitalar, através da análise de conteúdo de experiências compartilhadas por profissionais em saúde num workshop. Métodos: O workshop envolveu duas moderadoras, quatro oradoras e 24 profissionais em saúde divididos em três grupos. As oradoras apresentaram boas práticas da TC em saúde e os grupos propuseram estratégias de TC, com base nas apresentações das oradoras e nas suas experiências e conhecimentos na área da saúde. As propostas foram registadas em áudio e analisadas em termos de conteúdo. Resultados: Segundo os participantes, a criação e implementação de um projeto de TC implica contextualizar e definir: o problema/necessidade, objetivos, população-alvo, intervenientes e as suas funções, elos, parcerias de saúde-sociais-comunitárias, redes de comunicação e indicadores de avaliação de processo e resultados. Conclusão: A importância da TC na alta hospitalar foi destacada, fornecendo-se insights para a criação e implementação de um projeto de TC bem-sucedido.
Ragam Bentuk dan Transformasi Kelembagaan
Authors: Wekke Ismail Suardi
Published: April 2023

artikel ini merupakan draft pertama, "Pendidikan Islam di Asia Tenggara"
How particle shape affects granular segregation in industrial and geophysical flows
Authors: Cunez Fernando David , Patel Div , Glade Rachel
Published: April 2023

Industrial and environmental granular flows commonly exhibit a phenomenon known as ``granular segregation," in which grains separate according to physical characteristics (size, shape, density), interfering with industrial applications (cement mixing, medicine and food production) and fundamentally altering the behavior of geophysical flows (landslides, debris flows, pyroclastic flows, riverbeds). While size-induced segregation has been well studied, the role of grain shape is not well understood. Here we conduct numerical experiments to investigate how grain shape affects granular segregation due to grain-grain and grain-fluid interactions. To isolate the former, we compare dry, bidisperse mixtures of spheres alone with mixtures of spheres and cubes in a rotating drum. Results show that while segregation generally increases with particle size ratio, the presence of cubes decreases segregation levels compared to cases with only spheres. Further, we find hysteresis in segregation trends with size ratio; segregation is lowest when the small grains are cubic as they approach a jammed state with reduced mobility. We find similar hysteresis in simulations of a shear-driven coupled fluid-granular flow (e.g., a riverbed), demonstrating that this phenomenon is not unique to rotating drums; however, in contrast to the dry system, we find that total segregation increases in the presence of cubic grains, and fluid drag effects can qualitatively change segregation trends. Our findings demonstrate competing shape-induced segregation patterns in wet and dry flows—independently from grain size controls—with implications for many industrial and geophysical processes.
PREQUEL: Supervised phonetic approaches to analyses of great ape quasi-vowels
Authors: Ekström Axel G. , Moran Steven , Sundberg Johan , Lameira Adriano
Published: April 2023

There is renewed interest in potential vowel production by nonhuman primates, but no agreed?upon methodologies for its estimation from real?life vocalizations. Here, we present a set of supervised approaches for estimating primate vowel-like articulation, with reference to orangutan long call pulses (N=36). We summarize our approach as a cohesive framework, the Primate Quasi-Vowel (PREQUEL) protocol. We (1) estimated f 0 from correlograms, (2) and vocal tract resonances (formants) from spectrograms, (3) the results of which were then compared against synthesized vowels for those frequency values; and (4) presented to uninformed listeners (N=16), who largely agreed on the categorization of vowel-like qualities for vocalizations (Cronbach’s alpha=.701). We also provide descriptions of methods that are seemingly inadequate for formant estimation in great ape calls. We argue that a combination of phonetic methods is required to develop a science of nonhuman primate articulation.
Basım Teknolojilerinde Çözünürlük Kavramı
Authors: HAYTA Pelin , SESLİ Yasemin , OKTAV Mehmet
Published: April 2023

Genel anlamıyla parçalardan oluşan bir bütünün birimdeki parça sayısına çözünürlük denir. Dijital ekran görüntüleri, matbaacılık yöntemiyle basılacak görüntülerden farklıdır çünkü DPI yerine monitörlerin, TV'lerin, projektörlerin veya herhangi bir ekranın piksel boyutları ve sıklığı dikkate alınır. Basılı görüntülerin çözünürlüğü için LPI (Line per Inch) veya DPI (Dot per Inch) birimleri kullanılırken, ekran görüntüsünün çözünürlüğünü belirleyen birim ise PPI (Pixels per Inch)’tir.
Dijital görüntülemede çözünürlük genellikle piksel sayısı olarak ölçülür. Inç başına piksel sayısı (PPI) arttıkça görüntü daha net ve yüksek kaliteli olur. Piksel, sıralı bir dikdörtgen ızgarada depolanan bir grafik görüntüdeki tek bir nokta veya küçük bir karedir.
Görüntü çözünürlüğü tipik olarak yatay x dikey y ölçüm olarak ifade edilir. Dolayısıyla, 6000 x 4000 görüntü çözünürlüğü bize görüntünün 6000 piksel genişliğinde ve 4000 piksel yüksekliğinde olduğunu söyler. İki rakamı birlikte çarpmak, bize bunun yaygın olarak ifade edilen ikinci yolu, yani mega pikselleri verir. 6000 x 4000, daha yaygın olarak 24 megapiksel (MP) olarak yazılan 24.000.000 piksele eşittir.
Ekran çözünürlüğü ile görüntü çözünürlüğü birbiriyle karıştırılmamalıdır. Ekran çözünürlüğü, bir ekranın tamamında kaç piksel bulunduğunu ifade eder. Örneğin, 15 inçlik bir 640x480 monitör inç başına yaklaşık 50 nokta görüntüleyecektir.
Baskı çözünürlüğü baskı kalitesini belirleyen en önemli parametredir. Bu nedenle; baskı çözünürlüğü tam olarak nedir ve bir yazıcı, pozlandırıcı, dijital baskı makinası seçerken çözünürlük gerçekten ne kadar önemlidir? Matbaacılık yöntemiyle basılan görüntülerin çözünürlüğü; bir inç'e kaç nokta sığdığının ölçümüdür. Inç başına nokta (DPI) ne kadar çok ise görüntünün çözünürlüğü o kadar yüksek olur. Inç başına nokta basılabilen nokta sayısı, basılmış görüntüdeki kalite parametresidir.
Synthesis of Push-Pull Azulene-Based Compounds
Authors:   Karagandy University of the name of academician E.A. Buketov, Kazakhstan, Merkhatuly Nurlan , Iskanderov Amantai N. ,   Karagandy University of the name of academician E.A. Buketov, Kazakhstan, Abeuova Saltanat B. ,   Astana International University, Astana, Kazakhstan, Iskanderov Ablaykhan N. ,   Karagandy University of the name of academician E.A. Buketov, Kazakhstan
Published: April 2023

Nowadays, non-benzenoid aromatic hydrocarbons are widely used as synthons for the production of new organic semiconductors with interesting photophysical characteristics. For instance, a non-benzoid azulene hydrocarbon with a polar structure, a narrow energy gap between the highest free and lowest occupied molecular orbital and the ability to form stable ions can be intended as a structural moiety for the synthesis of new conjugated compounds with important optical and electronic properties. The article discusses the synthesis and investigation of the optical properties of new push-pull azulene-based compounds. It shows that Friedel-Crafts acylation is used as the key reaction for the synthesis of methyl- and phenyl-dicyanovinylated azulenes. The interaction proceeds regioselectively at the C1 and C3 positions of the five-membered azulene ring. It is identified that the synthesis of push-pull dicyanovinylated azulenes by Knoevenagel condensation of azulenyl ketones with malononitrile proceeds easily in Py and DMSO. The UF-vis spectra of the obtained azulene push-pull compounds demonstrated strong electron absorption in the visible zone with λmax at 410, 430, 434 and 452 nm associated with transport of charge between the donor azulene ring and the acceptor dicyanovinyl group. The scheme of resonant structures shows the mechanism of intramolecular donoracceptor interaction. The structure of the synthesized push-pull dicyanovinylated nonazulenes was elucidated using modern physicochemical and spectroscopic research methods.
O ENSINO DOS NÚMEROS COMPLEXOS NA PERSPECTIVA DE PROFESSORES DE ENGENHARIA ELÉTRICA
Authors: Scott Puhl Cassiano , Jacintho Müller Thaísa , Alexandre Lahm Regis , Viali Lori
Published: April 2023

Este artigo investiga os conhecimentos de números complexos que os estudantes de Engenharia Elétrica apresentam, bem como as estratégias didáticas adotadas pelos professores para ensiná-los tais conhecimentos. Em pesquisas realizadas, identificou-se que a maioria dos estudantes da Universidade de Caxias do Sul não apresentam conhecimentos de números complexos necessários para as disciplinas de Engenharia Elétrica. Para verificar a prevalência desse panorama no Rio Grande do Sul, aplicou-se um questionário aos professores de Engenharia Elétrica de outras instituições de Ensino Superior. A análise evidencia que a maioria dos estudantes, nas instituições selecionadas, não apresenta o conhecimento de números complexos, tendo o professor que revisar e explicar conceitos e operações, sendo que o objetivo seria utilizá-los em aplicações na Engenharia Elétrica. Portanto, surge a possibilidade de utilizar um objeto de aprendizagem para suprir essa defasagem do Ensino Médio, propiciando ao corpo discente um instrumento facilitador na aprendizagem do conteúdo abordado.
TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS E FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES
Authors: De Oliveira Salgueiro de Moura Ana Carolina , Da Silva Chagas Sinara
Published: April 2023

Nossas formas de agir e nosso cotidiano foram alterados com a presença intensa das tecnologias digitais nas diversas atividades, o que altera também nossa atitude em relação ao ensinar e ao aprender. Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir e apresentar as possibilidades e potencialidades das tecnologias digitais na formação de professores. A investigação foi realizada por meio do estudo de caso da experiência desenvolvida no componente curricular de “Tecnologias Digitais e Produção de Materiais”, do curso de Licenciatura em Educação do Campo, da Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus - Dom Pedrito. No artigo argumenta-se acerca do porquê incluir tecnologias digitais na formação de professores da educação básica a partir de bases legais e teórico-científicas e desenvolve o estudo de caso com foco: em compartilhar a proposta de processo didático metodológico de articulação das tecnologias digitais no ensino através de ambientes e objetos virtuais de aprendizagem; e apresentar um ambiente virtual de aprendizagem construído para o ensino de física como resultado desse processo. Assim o artigo apresenta de maneira concreta a operacionalização das bases conceituais desse caminho de mediação da aprendizagem, que problematiza e adapta o uso das tecnologias digitais a fim de potencializar aprendizagens autorais e ativas.
Effectiveness of Mobile Banking Service Delivery in Tanzania: A Case Study of CRDB Bank
Authors: Mlelwa Kenneth
Published: April 2023

Digitization of banking technology is an essential means in transforming the financial services industry delivery, resulting to the increase of number of people who use mobile banking services either through mobile money companies or through the cooperation between banks and mobile companies, and mobile banking services still needs an effective oversight framework to safeguard public confidence and financial stability. To examine the effectiveness of mobile banking service delivery in Tanzania, a case study of CRDB Bank. In attaining this objective, the study further examined three specific objectives. The study examined customers’ altitude towards the use of mobile banking services in Tanzania and examined the extent of customers’ adoption of mobile banking services in Tanzania and examined challenges experienced by customers towards mobile banking services usage in Tanzania. The study adopted mixed used research design by combining the use of quantitative and qualitative approach. The findings revealed that customers had positively altitude towards mobile banking services and to the great extent; the customers are using some of the services offered by mobile banking services. Main challenges identified were transactional costs, security and privacy and reconciliation challenges. It was recommended for the conduction of more campaigns on mobile banking services, provision of trainings and awareness sessions to customers on the issues of security and privacy in using mobile banking services.
Exploring the potential of iron powder as fuel on the design and performance of container ships
Authors: de Kwant Jochem , Hekkenberg Robert , Souflis-Rigas Apostolos , Kana Austin A.
Published: April 2023

This article examines the potential implications of using iron powder as an alternative fuel on the design and performance of container ships. Iron powder is a relatively new alternative energy carrier and one in which little research has been done into the application on-board vessels as part of the maritime energy transition. The key benefits of iron powder are that it is a circular energy carrier and the combustion process emits no greenhouse gases. Transitioning to iron powder is expected to have far reaching implications for the design and performance of ships. Thus, this paper aims to perform the first study assessing the potential of this concept applied to container ships. To do so, a preliminary design space was explored with a custom parametric design model developed to generate preliminary designs of iron fuelled container ships as a function of the operational profile. Using this parametric design model, it was identified that iron fuelled container ships are weight limited, unlike conventionally fuelled container vessels. Furthermore, iron fuelled container ships are best suited for short voyages at low cruising speed. For these voyages, it was concluded that iron fuelled ships are economically feasible; however, other alternative marine fuels are likely more profitable than iron due to the low efficiency of iron fuelled ships and the high cost of iron per unit energy.
Caregivers’ End-of-Life Care Goals for Persons with Severe Dementia Change Over Time
Authors: Malhotra Chetna ,   on behalf of the PISCES study group, Balasubramanian Ishwarya
Published: April 2023

Background: Family caregivers make end-of-life (EOL) decisions for persons with severe dementia (PWSDs). It is not known whether the family caregivers’ goals change over time. Objective: Assess caregivers’ EOL care goal for PWSDs and change in these goals over time. Methods: Using a prospective cohort of 215 caregivers of PWSDs, we assessed the proportion of caregivers whose EOL care goal for PWSDs changed between two consecutive time points. Mixed effects multinomial regression models assessed factors associated with caregivers’ EOL care goals for PWSD (maximal, moderate, minimal life extension); and change in EOL care goal from previous time point. Results: At baseline, 20% of the caregivers had a goal of maximal life extension for their PWSD, and 59% changed their EOL care goal at least once over a period of 16 months. Caregivers of PWSDs with lower quality of life (RR: 1.15, CI: 1.06, 1.24), who expected shorter life expectancy for PWSDs (RR: 10.34, CI: 2.14, 49.99) and who had an advance care planning discussion (RR: 3.52, CI: 1.11, 11.18) were more likely to have a goal of minimal life extension for PWSD. Caregivers with higher anticipatory grief (RR: 0.96, CI: 0.93,1) were more likely to have a goal of maximal life extension. Change in PWSDs’ quality of life and change in caregivers’ anticipatory grief were associated with change in caregivers’ EOL care goals. Conclusion: Caregivers’ EOL care goals for PWSDs change over time with change in PWSD and caregiver related factors. Findings have implications regarding how health care providers can engage with caregivers.
Apolipoprotein ɛ4-Associated Protection Against Pediatric Enteric Infections Is a Survival Advantage in Pre-Industrial Populations
Authors: Smith Carr J. , Ashford J. Wesson
Published: April 2023

Until 300,000 years ago, ancestors of modern humans ubiquitously carried the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ɛ4/ɛ4 genotype, when the ɛ3 allele mutated from the ancestral ɛ4, which elevates the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Modern humans living today predominantly carry the ɛ3 allele, which provides protection against heart disease and dementia in long-lived populations. The ancestral ɛ4 allele has been highly preserved in isolated populations in tropical and Arctic regions with high pathogen burdens, e.g., helminths. Early humans experienced serious enteric infections that exerted evolutionary selection pressure, and factors that mitigate infant and childhood mortality from enteric infections also exert selection pressure. Some bacteria can exploit the host’s defensive inflammatory response to colonize and invade the host. Pathogen-induced inflammation associated with infant and childhood diarrhea can damage the gut wall long after the invading organisms are no longer present. Inflammation not only resides in the mucosal wall, but also induces systemic inflammation. Baseline systemic inflammation is lower in ɛ4 carriers, yet ɛ4 carriers display a stronger host inflammatory response that reduces pathogen burdens, increasing infant and early childhood survival. Evolutionary selection of the ɛ3 allele likely occurred after humans moved into temperate zones with lower pathogen burdens, unrelated to protection from Alzheimer’s disease.
Virtual image multi feature matching algorithm based on 3D scene reconstruction
Authors: Yu Jun , Chen Zongren , Jiang Xiaobo , Wang Bo
Published: April 2023

Aiming at the problems of high feature mismatch rate and low matching efficiency in the current virtual image multi feature matching algorithm, a virtual image multi feature matching algorithm based on 3D scene reconstruction is proposed. Firstly, in the 3D scene reconstruction, the virtual image is preprocessed to eliminate the noise in the virtual image, avoid the noise interference in the compression process, and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the image; Secondly, the de-noising virtual image is enhanced to enhance the details of the image; Finally, the corresponding information feature vector is constructed from the information features extracted from the virtual image, and the virtual image multi feature matching algorithm is completed. Experiments show that the multi feature matching rate of the designed algorithm is high, the error matching rate is low, the maximum spatial distortion rate is only 0.6%, and the compressed image quality and matching performance are good.
Fault location in hybrid transmission lines on the basis of VMD energy entropy and SVM
Authors: Zhao Min , Kang Zhihui
Published: April 2023

Finding the head of a traveling wave is challenging because an overhead line-cable hybrid transmission line’s wave impedance is not constant. Because of this, it is difficult to measure the hybrid transmission line precisely. This leads to the proposal of a hybrid transmission line fault location algorithm, which combines VMD energy entropy for training support vector machines and traveling wave law graphs. The VMD energy entropy is first used to train SVM to identify the faulty section. The method of traveling waves with a single end is utilized to precisely fix the fault distance within the faulty segment when the type of traveling wave has been identified. The simulation results demonstrate that the method provides precise measurements and is effective for hybrid transmission lines with a range of fault distances and grounding resistances.
Investigation on jamming detection in WSN using optimal decision rule
Authors: Hymlin Rose S.G. , Jayasree T.
Published: April 2023

A jamming attack is a special case of a Denial of Service (DoS) attack that completely blocks the data transmission in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). When sensor nodes are distributed in the field, numerous attacks, such as collision, black hole, selective forwarding, jamming, etc., caused by the presence of malicious nodes have the potential to cause network damage. Jamming is a highly risky attack that completely blocks data transmission within the wireless network. The existing technique for detecting jamming attacks are based on predetermined hopping-sequence, cryptographic, or random frequency hopping techniques. However, these mechanisms are more complex and frequently have energy constraints and high overhead. A novel jamming detection method based on a statistical approach that provides high network performance measures is proposed. It is a technique that uses energy-based clustering with a Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI). The selection of thresholds used for the detection of jamming is analyzed. The proposed approach employs three detection performance metrics for investigating the jamming attack, namely, Packet to Delivery Ratio (PDR), ENERGY, and RSSI. The jamming node is identified using the Optimal Decision Rule (ODR), which is determined by the hypothesis rule. If the hypothesis is not satisfied, then jamming exists; otherwise, there is no jamming. The novel technique is implemented using a Network Simulator, and various performance metrics such as PDR, Energy consumption, Network throughput, Routing overhead, network, and node lifetime are evaluated to conclude that the statistical approach outperforms the timestamp and IEWMA approaches.
Group decision-making methods based on probabilistic hesitant N-soft sets
Authors: Wang Xiaomin , Zhang Xueyuan , Zhou Rui
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we introduce a new hybrid model called probabilistic hesitant N-soft sets by a suitable combination of probability with hesitant N-soft sets, a model that extends hesitant N-soft sets. Our novel concept extends the ability of hesitant N-soft set by considering the occurrence probability of hesitant grades, which could effectively avoid the loss of decision-making information. Moreover, we investigate some basic properties of probabilistic hesitant N-soft sets and construct fundamental operations on them. Then we describe group decision-making methods including TOPSIS, VIKOR, choice value and weighted choice value based on probabilistic hesitant N-soft sets. The corresponding algorithms are put forward and their validity is proved by examples.
Unsupervised feature selection regression model with nonnegative sparsity constraints
Authors: Zhao Xue , Li Qiaoyan , Xing Zhiwei , Dai Xuezhen
Published: April 2023

Selecting appropriate features can better describe the characteristics and structure of data, which play an important role in further improving models and algorithms whether for supervised or unsupervised learning. In this paper, a new unsupervised feature selection regression model with nonnegative sparse constraints (URNS) is proposed. The algorithm combines nonnegative orthogonal constraint, L2,1-norm minimum optimization and spectral clustering. Firstly, the linear regression model between the features and the pseudo labels is given, and the indicator matrix, which describes feature weight, is subject to nonnegative and orthogonal constraints to select better features. Secondly, in order to reduce redundant and even noisy features, L2,1-norm for indicator matrix is added to the regression model for exploring the correlation between pseudo labels and features by the row sparsity property of L2,1-norm. Finally, pseudo labels of all samples are established by spectral clustering. In order to solve the regression model efficiently and simply, the method of nonnegative matrix decomposition is used and the complexity of the given algorithm is analysed. Moreover, a large number of experiments and analyses have been carried out on several public datasets to verify the superiority of the given model.
A secured industrial wireless iot sensor network enabled quick transmission of data with a prototype study
Authors: Pandithurai O. , Urmela S. , Murugesan S. , Bharathiraja N.
Published: April 2023

The Wireless IoT sensor network (IWSN) has significant potential in industrial settings, but to fully realize its benefits, a robust and scalable computer system is required to handle the continuous influx of data from various applications. In this research study, we propose an IoT sensor-cloud architecture that integrates WSN with cloud technology, providing a unique data analytics framework for highly secure analysis of sensor data. The proposed architecture emphasizes effective interoperability mechanisms in the cloud, and provides an IPv6 extensible enterprise WSN design and simulation technique. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed architecture, we track the pH, resistivity, and dissolved oxygen levels of industrial effluents that are discharged into water sources. We use AT instructions in conjunction with the HTTP GET technique to gather and upload detector data to the ThingSpeak cloud through a GPRS internet connection, enabling real-time online monitoring and control using IoT functionality. The proposed architecture uses a distributed approach to handle high volumes of incoming data from the IoT sensors, storing the data in a scalable and accessible way for analysis. Real-time analysis is performed using a combination of batch and stream processing frameworks and machine learning algorithms, and the results are visualized using a web-based dashboard that provides real-time updates on key metrics and allows users to explore the data in different ways. Security is a top priority in our proposed architecture, and we use encryption technologies such as SSL/TLS and access control mechanisms such as OAuth2 to ensure the secure transmission and storage of sensitive industrial IoT data. The architecture is designed to be scalable and adaptable to handle a wide range of IoT use cases in industrial settings. The proposed IoT sensor-cloud architecture provides a robust and scalable solution for the collection, analysis, and exchange of significant amounts of IoT sensor information, enabling real-time monitoring and control of critical environmental parameters in industrial settings.
Estimation of compressive strength and slump of HPC concrete using neural network coupling with metaheuristic algorithms
Authors: Li Wenqiao , Wang Ruijie , Ai Qisheng , Liu Qian , Lu Shu Xian
Published: April 2023

The compressive strength and slump of concrete have highly nonlinear functions relative to given components. The importance of predicting these properties for researchers is greatly diagnosed in developing constructional technologies. Such capacities should be progressed to decrease the cost of expensive experiments and enhance the measurements’ accuracy. This study aims to develop a Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) to model the hardness features of High-Performance Concrete (HPC) mixtures. In this function, optimizing the predicting process via RBFNN will be aimed to be accurate, as the aim of this research, conducted with metaheuristic approaches of Henry gas solubility optimization (HGSO) and Multiverse Optimizer (MVO). The training phase of models RBHG and RBMV was performed by the dataset of 181 HPC mixtures having fly ash and superplasticizer. Regarding the results of hybrid models, the MVO had more correlation between the predicted and observed compressive strength and slump values than HGSO in the R2 index. The RMSE of RBMV (3.7 mm) was obtained 43.2 percent lower than that of RBHG (5.3 mm) in the appraising slump of HPC samples, while, for compressive strength, RMSE was 3.66 MPa and 5 MPa for RBMV and RBHG respectively. Moreover, to appraise slump flow rates, the R2 correlation rate for RBHG was computed at 96.86 % while 98.25 % for RBMV in the training phase, with a 33.30% difference. Generally, both hybrid models prospered in doing assigned tasks of modeling the hardness properties of HPC samples.
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in Spinal Muscular Atrophy: A Scoping Review
Authors: Mugisha Nancy , Oliveira-Carneiro Andrea , Behlim Tarannum , Oskoui Maryam
Published: April 2023

Background:

5q Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is a prototypical lower motor neuron disorder. However, the characteristic early motor impairment raises the question on the scope of brain involvement with implications for further investigations on the brain as a potential therapeutic target.

Objective:

To review changes across the SMA clinical spectrum reported on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods:

We conducted a scoping review of existing literature on PubMed and EMBASE. Two reviewers searched and retrieved relevant articles on magnetic resonance brain imaging in individuals with SMA censoring to April 2022. Full-text articles published in peer-reviewed journals or abstracts accepted to conferences in English and French were included.

Results:

Twelve articles were identified describing a total of 39 patients [age range: 11 days to 41 years old, type 0 ( n = 5), type 1 ( n = 4), type 2 ( n = 2), type 3 ( n = 22), type 4 ( n = 6)]. All reported structural changes and did not explore other MRI modalities. In individuals with infantile onset SMA, cortical and subcortical brain abnormalities in white matter, basal ganglia, thalamus, hippocampus, and high intensity areas around lateral ventricles and thalami were reported over time. In individuals with later-onset SMA, reduced cerebellar and lobular volume were observed as well as increased grey matter density in motor areas.

Conclusions:

Limited data on brain imaging in SMA highlights both cortical and subcortical involvement in SMA, supporting the hypothesis that changes are not restricted to lower motor neuron pathways. Further studies are needed to determine the extent and prevalence of structural and functional brain changes across SMA types.