bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PREPARATION OF B-T-S SEMICONDUCTORS BY USING SOLID STATE REACTION AND STUDYING ITS STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Authors: Ali Fuad Khairy  , Khalid Hamdi Rzej  , Abdul Hameed Mahdi Al-Saraf
Published: April 2023

In this study, the ceramic compound BaTi(1-x)SnxO3 was prepared at (x=0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2) and doped with SiO2 and Y2O3 for all concentrations by using solid state reaction at 1150 oC and sintering time of 6h. Structural properties were studied before and after adding SiO2 and Y2O3 by using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). It is found that the compound BaTi(1-x)SnxO3 has tetragonal structure for all concentration except at (x=0.2) which has cubic structure. After adding SiO2 and Y2O3, the peaks height was increased especially at (110).

Physical properties were studied before and after adding SiO2 and Y2O3 by measuring density, porosity and absorbency. It is found that the density was increased while the porosity and absorbency were decreased as concentration increased.

The electrical properties were studied such as alternate electric conductivity, dielectric constant and dielectric loss coefficient. It is found that the alternate electric conductivity was increased as frequency increased and the highest value of dielectric constant at frequency (100 Hz) and (x=0.05) after adding SiO2 and Y2O3 was (0.301). It is clear that the adding of SiO2 and Y2O3 enhanced the dielectric properties of  BaTi(1-x)SnxO3.
Block Estimation Technique in Spatial Statistics With Application
Authors: Jaufar Mousa Mohammed AL-bayati
Published: April 2023

This paper deals with the predictions of estimation mean of set  points (Block) at sub domain determined within domain study by one arithmetic process as if as this set of points is one point, and we used in this paper a technique called Block kriging technique, that estimator could estimate the mean of set point as (Block) in one time, moreover calculation kriging estimator variance of  block for this technique is abstract of time, hard work and the cost, and we application this idea on real data in health domain specially Cancer ills in Iraq at 2008-2009 and Has been important getting accurate results and as it deems the researchers.
The use of health indicators for the year 2010 for the classification of Iraq's provinces by using cluster analysis
Authors: Omar S. Ibraheem
Published: April 2023

The health services consider as an indication of what reached by the level of civilization of a country where the high level of these services leads to a lack of diseases and increased economic activity factor as the Living situation through which Iraq has led to a lack of health services, including the small number of hospitals and doctors and other health indicators compared with the increasing numbers of the population.

From this study was came to clarify classification of Iraq's provinces, according to some health indicators for the year 2010 and determine which provinces advanced in the provision of health services through a number of health indicators and which provinces late in the provision of those services through the use of cluster analysis and of each of the way the neighbour closest (Connectivity solo) and the method of k-mean and through them we determined by the sequence of the provinces in the provision of services Show through analysis that the province of Baghdad were advanced in the provision of services, and then followed by the province of nineuah, sulamny and Mhafedh Mhafedh diala, muthanna was late in providing these services
Effect of Overlap Some Varieties of Dates and Temperatures on The Biology of Saw-Toothed Grain Beetle Oryzaephilus surinamensis L. (Coleoptera: Silvanidae)
Authors: Aead Y. Ismail  , Ibrahim Kh. I. Al-Hadeidy
Published: April 2023

The present research aimed to study of effect of overlap between three varieties of dates including: Brium, Barhi and Khathrawy and three temperatures of 25 , 30 and 35 ± 1 ºC  on the biology of saw-toothed grain beetle, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) at Relative Humidity of 70 ± 5%.

The results showed that significant increase happened in the larval stage period at Barhi as compared to Brium and Khathrawy where it were 33.90 , 25.80 and 28.30 days, respectively, at temperature of 25 ± 1 ºC, and it were  24.83 , 19.67 and 21.30 days, respectively, at temperature of 30 ± 1 ºC, and it were 22.83 , 18.25 and 19.67 days, respectively, at temperature of 35 ± 1 ºC. also the results indicated no significant differences in pupal stage period among the varieties at temperatures 30 and 35 ± 1 ºC, while significant increase happened in pupal stage period at Barhi as compared to Brium and Khathrawy where it were 10.4 , 8.2 and 9.7 days, respectively, at temperature of 25 ± 1 ºC, also the results showed that significant reduction happened in adult age and laid eggs number per female at Barhi as compared to Brium and Khathrawy at all temperatures above, and significant increase happened in eggs incubation period at Barhi as compared to Brium and Khathrawy at temperature of 25 ± 1 ºC, whereas eggs incubation period were at Barhi longer than Brium ,and it were at Barhi shorter than Khathrawy at temperature of 35 ± 1 ºC, while there were no significant differences in eggs incubation period among the varieties at temperature of 30 ± 1 ºC.
Effect of Some Spices on the Adults of Red Flour Beetle Triboliumcastaneum (Herbst) (Coleopteran: Tenbrionidae)
Authors: Amal Kamal Suleiman
Published: April 2023

This study aim to investigate the insecticidal and the repellency effects of three plants Punicagranatum, Ouercusinfectoria and zingiberofficinale powders on adults against the red flour beetles Tribiumcastaneum and estimating the percentage of the insecticidal effect for the following concentrations 0.0, 3, 5, 10, 15%g w/w with thin six days, and the percentage of the repellency effect for the same concentrations after (24) hours. The results showed no significant insecticidal and repellent effects of plants powder between wheat and barley treatments; incects food however were highly significant differences among concentrations of plant powders of treatments.

Also result showed excellence effect of Zingiberofficinale powder at concentration %15g for repellency effect with value %9.024while the value for Ouercusinfectoria and Punicagranatum powders at the same concentration were %7.899 , %6.711 respectively, as well as insecticidal effect for concentration %15g are %8.616, %7.122, %4.912 Zingiberofficinale , Ouercusinfectoria and Punicagrantum powder respectively
The Inducing effect of lemon juice in the total antioxidants capacity, male hormones in New Zealand white male rabbits fattened experimentally
Authors: Iman M. S. Jallod  , Muntaha M. Al-Kattan
Published: April 2023

This study is designed to estimate the effect of experimental fattening of New Zealand white male rabbits and then use lemon juice to show their impact on the total antioxidants capacity (TAC) and the level of the Spermatogenic Stimulating Hormone(SSH) and Interstitial Cell Stimulating Hormone (ICSH) and testosterone. Used 40 male from New Zealand white rabbits and ages ranged from 10.8 months and weights ranging from 1400-1250gm, divided into two groups of 20 rabbit/ group and putted in separate cages. Fed  the first group to standard diet, while the second group fed special diet rich in fat for the purpose of fattening for a period of 12 weeks after a period all rabbits were weighted, and divided the groups into four groups of 10 rabbit / group, are control group:, lemon Group:, fattening group and fattening with lemon Group, all these groups underwent   standard condition of water and diet, lemon group and Fattening with lemon group dosing with 4 ml/k b.wt, Lemon juice for 8 weeks where a daily dosage. The results showed that treatment with lemon juice has led to a significant increase in the level of (P≤0.0001) in each of the TAC and the level of hormones in each of lemon Group and fattening with lemon group as compared to the control group  and fattening group respectively, while the significant decrease in the level of (P≤0.0001) in (P≤0.0001) in the TAC and the concentration of hormones in fattening group compared to the control group.
The physiological effect of infertility in women on some sex hormones and thyroid in Tikrit city and it’s surrounded area
Authors: Wahbi  Abdulqader Salman  , Najat Maolod Jasim
Published: April 2023

This research was performed in Tikrit Teaching Hospital from October 2013 until april 2014, to study the  physiological effect of age and body mass Index for infertile women compared with healthy and their impact on the concentrations of FSH, LH, testosterone, estrogen, TSH, T3, T4 hormones. This study included (60), infertile  and healthy (30), women, and the patients and healthy ranged age (16-45) years old. The results were as following, significant in infertile women (P˂0.05) in the concentrations of FSH hormone and high significant  (P˂0.01) in LH, Testosterone, T3,T4 hormones compared with healthy, there is not any significant between infertile and healthy women in TSH hormone concentration ,but there are high significant of estrogen in healthy compared with infertile women. Infertile women have significant (P˂0.05) in LH FSH Testosterone T3 T4 in all age categories and increased concentrations of those hormone with age advance, but healthy women have significant (P˂0.05) in estrogen compared with infertile in all age categories. BMI for infertile women were giving significant (P˂0.05) in FSH compared with healthy in (32-and more) Kg/m2, while there was significant increased (P˂0.05) of LH in the (27-31), (32-and more) Kg/m2 BMI categories in the infertile compared with healthy. All infertile women BMI categories have significant increased (P˂0.05) in Testosterone, T3,T4 hormones compared with healthy. there isn’t any significant seen between infertile and healthy women in all  BMI categories.
Comparison between various strain from Klebsiella pneumoniea on Nitrogen fixation
Authors: Fawz Abdul Salam K.AL-Saffar  , Abdul Razak K. Mahmood  , Najwa I. AL- Barhawi
Published: April 2023

Twenty one  isolates of K. Pneumonia isolated from infected pneumonic patients in Leicester city hospital in Britain, with  K. pneumonia342 standard strain which obtained from Prof. Jean-Marc in Leicester British  university were used in this study . These isolates were tested by inoculating in Nitrogen free broth medium .The results revealed variation in their growing and from Danken test it was appeared that the 18th isolate gave the best growth in comparison with the rest, then the 20th ,19 th isolates respectively.  While in respect to nitrogen fixation, the results showed variation in it's efficiency for it's nitrogen fixation, the 18th bacterial isolate was the  best according to it's fixation ,depending on measuring the activity of nitrogenase enzyme by Nesler reagent  ,then 20th,19th isolates  respectively.
Isolation and Identification of Bacteriodes Fragilis and Determination of the Synergest Effect of Some Antibiotics Used in Treatment Patients Infected with this Bacteria in Samarra Hosiptal
Authors: Osama Nathem Nijris  , Sarab Khalil Huseen
Published: April 2023

The study dealts with isolating and identifying of B.fragilis from patients entered and visited the state hospital in samarra from 1/9/2013 to 1/5/2014. (150) samples were collected and the patients᾽ samples are distributed into (100) samples taken from the patients having diarrhea and (50) samples taken from the femal patients having complication followed the female surgical operations and the vaginal inflammation.

The results show that only (5) samples from all the diarrhea samples  develop positive bacteriological growth by B. fragilis  at ratio (5%). This study demonstrated that  the new-born infants and children who are less than 5 years are the most exposed to diarrhea caused by B. fragilis that the ratio of the infection is (7%) (11%) respectively, whereas the results for the smears taken from the female patients having complication followed the female surgical operations and the vaginal inflammation  show growth to B. fragilis in (3) samples and at ratio (6%), it is evident that the adult group of the women ranged between (14-20) years are the most exposed to the vaginal inflammations and the complication that followed the femal surgical operation.

It also tests the susceptibility of the bacterial isolates aginst (17) types of the antibiotic. The results  appear that the B. fragilis bacteria are extremely resistant to numerous antibiotics, so it appears a ratio of resistance to antibiotics (PRL), (AM), (P), (CTX), (AK), (TOB), (V), and (Eh). Their ratios are reaches (100%, 100%, 75%, 62%, 87%, 62%,  87%, 75%) respectively, whereas the B. fragilis are show a highly susceptibility aginst the antibiotics (C), (M), (DA), (AX), (IMP) and (G), so the ratio of their susceptibility  reaches to (100%) in each type of these antibiotics.

It also calculats the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for the antibiotics: (M), (AM), (G), (CIP), (CTX) , (Eh) and (G). It is also tests the synergical activity for these antibiotics aginst the isolates  under-studied, which proves that the most effective synergies against B.fragilis is the synergy between (C) and (CTX) at ratio (60%) than the other isolates group. The synergy between (M) and( Rif) is shows an evident effect aginst the under-studied isolates with ratio (75%) from all the resistant isolates.
Study of the aqueous extract impact of Vitex agnus castus on the female reproductive system hormones of the Albino Rabbit exposed to oxidative stress
Authors: Munif  Sa'ab  Al-Janaby  , Mousa  Jasim Al-Humesh  , Bassam  Dheyaa  Al-Samarray
Published: April 2023

In view of the wide use of the Vitex agnus castus in treatment of the monstrous troubles and as a regulation of the sexual Hormones, this study was conducted to know the impact of the aqueous extract of the Vitex agnus castus compared with Vitamin E on the sexual Hormones in the female white rabbits exposed to the hydrogen peroxide (0.5%) for (30) days and the rabbit were (6-8) months old and their weights (1300-1700) g. They were divided at random into (10) groups, each (5) rabbits to one group as following: (1) The health control group consumed the normal drinking water and the standard nutrition, (2) the infected control group consumed the hydrogen peroxide with drinking water and a nutrient, (3) the extract had a concentration (50mg/kg), (4) the extract(50mg/kg)+H2O2, (5) the extract (50mg/kg)+Vitamin E, (6) the extract (50mg/kg)+Vitamin E+H2O2, (7) Vitamin E, (8) the extract (100mg/kg), (9) the extract (100mg/kg)+H2O2, (10) the extract (100mg/kg)+Vitamin E+H2O2. The concentration of the sexual Hormones were estimated to know the impact of the aqueous extract of Vitex agnus castus on the functions and capacity of the sexual organ in the female rabbits. The results of study showed that giving these rabbits H2O2 with drinking water led to decrease significantly in concentrations of Progesterone, Estrogen, FSH, LH, Hormones, whereas they showed a significant increase in concentration of prolactin Hormone compared with the healthy control group. It was also showed a significant increase in Progesterone Hormone at the dose(50mg/kg) with Vitamin E compared with the healthy control group, as well as there was a significant decrease in concentration of LH Hormone in all groups compared with the healthy control except the Vitamin E group only that showed a significant increase(P<0.01), whereas the concentration of Prolactin Hormone decreased in all groups compared with the healthy and infected. So we conducted that the Vitex agnus castus had an important role in fertility and inhibition of the Prolactin Hormone as the main cause of injuring the women  by infertility.
Effect of smoking on some biochemical parameters in serum of blood
Authors: Khalid. Ah. Ha. Al-saedy  , Buthina Abd. Al-taee
Published: April 2023

The present study was conducted to determine the changes in a number of biochemical parameters associated with smoking. It pulled the 50 blood samples from two groups, the first group included 35 smoking volunteers while the second group included 15 non-smoking volunteers who represented the control group. The results showed that the group of smokers has risen significantly (P<0.05) in the Malondialdelyde and radical of peroxy nitrate and get significant decrease in the concentration of Glutathione and Ceruloplasmin and effectiveness of Super oxide dismutase and aryl esterase enzyme compared with the control group. We conclude from this study that smoking has a negative effect on the antioxidants in the blood serum was accompanied by an increase in the level of Malondialdelyde and peroxy nitrate radical This indicate incidence of oxidative stress which accompany smoking phenomena.
Effect of add different carbon and nitrogen source on the pullulan polysaccharide production from fungus Aureobasidium pullulans
Authors: Mouhammed Basheer Ismaeel  , Khalid Dham Ahmed  , Zena Wajeeh Al.gader
Published: April 2023

Ten local isolates of Aureobasidium pullulans were isolated from different plant leaves. The ability of these isolates for pullulans production using production medium was investigated. The highest production of biomass and pullulans were achieved from isolates (A5, A2)with (11.93, 23.5)g/l respactivily.

The effect of eight carbon and eight nitrogen sources at final concentration (5%) on biomass and pullulan production from local isolates were tested. The results showed that glucose gave maximum production of polysaccharide from isolate (A7) with (15.5g/l).While the highest production of biomass were obtained when sucrose were used as a carbon source with (14.53)g/l from isolate (A5). Lactose and xylose failed to support polysaccharide and biomass production. Also Ammonium nitrate gave highest production of polysaccharide for all isolates tested were (22.9 g/l) from (A9). While the lowest production of polysaccharide and biomass were obtained when urea was used as a nitrogen source(1.15 ,0.28 g/l)from isolates (A6, A9) respectively .The highest production of biomass was obtained in case of using ammonium sulphat as a nitrogen source with (18.97 g/l) from isolate (A9).
Synthesis and Characterization of Heterocyclic Bicyclic from the Condensation of the Pyrazole Derivatives with Aldehydes and Ketones
Authors: Ibtisam Taufek Ameen  , Gazwan  Hassan  Al-Soumadaiy  , Khudhair. Aba'as Khudhair
Published: April 2023

The research included the preparation of new pyrazole derivatives from the condensation of the benzoyl acetone with carboxylic acid hydrazide in ethanal as a solvent. This reaction included two steps from the tetra surfaces nucleophilic addition and cyclisation process in second step. The pyrazole derivatives products were reacted with different aldehydes or ketones to give heterocyclic bicyclic compounds.

The prepared compounds were characterized by infrared, and Nuclear Magnatic resonance spectroscopy and the completing of the reaction was characterized by thein.
Spectrophotometric Determination for Salbutamol Sulphate drug by Oxidation Coupling with 4-Aminoantipyrine
Authors: Asmaa Ahmed Mohammed
Published: April 2023

This research introduce simple & fast spectrophotometric method for determination of Salbutamol Sulphate drug by Oxidation Coupling with 4-aminoantipyrine(4-AAP) and NaIO4 as Oxidant reagent. Purple color solution is found which give maximum absorbance  at 506 nm.

The optimum conditions of the method are as the follow :

(2 µg/ml, 2.4X10-3 M and 4.8X10-3 M) concentration of drug ,reagent and oxidation reagent respectively with 4min as a reaction time at room temperature in neutrality solution.

The results of statistical treatment of linear concentration range  (0.4- 40) µg/ml are: r= 0.9984, Detection limit = 0.0317 µg/ml and Molar absorption coefficient =19028 L/mol.cm , This method is applied successfully for the  determination drug in pharmaceutical formulation with ratio 1:1.
The effect of Activin A and Steroid Hormones on the Recurrent and single Abortion
Authors: Nazar Ahmed Naji  , Galawesh Norri Tahrr
Published: April 2023

This study is designed to evaluate the relationship between Activin -A and the incidence of recurrent and single abortion. The study also included the Estimate of steroid hormones levels (FSH, LH and progesterone concentration through the abortion and normal pregnancy. The work performed through using 90 blood samples were taken from aborted and normal pregnant women their range ages between (15-45) years, attended Azadi teaching hospital in Kirkuk and general hospital of Kirkuk and some private medical clincs during the period from 1st of September (2012) to end of march (2013)

Results revealed a significant increase in the concentration of Activin A ,FSH in the group of recurrent and single aborted women in comparison with control group. There was a significant decrease the levels of progesterone  and in the group recurrent  and single aborted women in comparison with control group .
Determination of Homocysteine and Vitamin B12 level in blood Patients Rheumatoid Arthritis in KirKuk Governorate
Authors: Wasan Nazhan Hussein  , Sayran Sattar Saleh  , Wissam Sbhan Khalf
Published: April 2023

Many of the clinical studies have clearly demonstrated the direct link between the high levels of homocystien  in serum and Rheumatoid Arthritis and homocystien shows its impact by imbalance self- oxidized when high concentration in blood, which leads to a group of deeply rooted Free radicals and Rheumatoid Arthritis RA of Disease Fades inflammatory caused by free roots which cause injury to the damage or the total deficit circumstantial there are some features may occur to the formation of a contract of rheumatic smal

Objective:. The aim of this study to assess the level of homocystien and vitamin B12patients suffering from Rheumatoid Arthritis compared with healthy people and operate in order relationship with vitamin B12 and its impact causing high levels of homocystien disease Rheumatoid Arthritis

The way:- collecting blood samples (25) people healthy people (Control) (15) of the males and 10 females aged from (25-65) and (50) people of the patients (25) of the  males and (25) of the females aged from (25-65) and those suffering from Rheumatoid Arthritis and measurement of the level of homocystien and vitamin B12.

The findings and conclusions:- found that there is a moral rise in the level of homocystien when a group of patients suffering from Rheumatoid Arthritis compared with healthy group at the level of contingent liabilities (P≤0001) found moral decline in the level of vitamin B12 when a group of patients suffering from Rheumatoid Arthritis compared to a healthy and at the level of contingent liabilities (P≤0.0005).

Word: homocystien , vitamin B12 , Rheumatoid Arthritis
Spatial Analysis to Estimate Runaff Using Scs (CN) to Wadi Al mur Watershed North of Iraq
Authors: Dali Khalaf Hameed
Published: April 2023

The study aims at analyzing spatial and DEM data by the use of ArcGis, WMS, Global Mapper, and Erdas programas for finding hydrological Such data as climate and soil components have been analysed ,in addition to the classification of soil utilization and soil covering. The present study concludes by the use of the American soil conservation Service hypothesis SCS) which is known as Curve Number (CN)through the integrating of Remote Sensing (RS)technigue and the GIS to evaluate the water flow rate (QV) at times of rainfall (40185278 m3/ per – year).Implementing this model shows that the basin of Wadi Almur has such hydrological conditions that help in generating water flow in times of rainfall clue to the rise of(CN)value when isabout (81,86).
Petrographic and Lithofacies of Injana Formation Berman Inticline Northern Iraq
Authors: Amaar J. Mohammed Al-Taiiy
Published: April 2023

This study is including Petrographic and Lithofacies investigation of Injana Formation North Iraq. The Formation composed of succession of sandstone, siltstone and claystone cycles. The grain size analysis and indicated that the sandstone composed of medium to coarse grains, minor percent silt and clay. The petrographic indicated that the quartz with percent monocrystalline (11-30%) and polycrystalline (4-10%) type , while the feldspar forming mostly of Plagioclace feldspar (2-7.88%) and K-feldspar (5.20-11%). The rocks and fragments mostly of carbonate with percent (15.20- 22.20%) derived from outcrop rocks especially  from Fatha and Pilaspi Formation in the area. The recognized clay mineral are; Montmorellonite, palygorskite, kaolinite and chlorite
SOIL CONTENT OF SOME OXIDES AS A FUNCTION OF THE DEVELOPMENT IN NINAVAH GOVERNORATE / NORTH IRAQ
Authors: Qahtan D. Al-Khafagi  , Aiad A. Al-Dulaimi  , Ammar S. Esmael
Published: April 2023

The objective of this study was soil development by using some weathering parameters, soil samples were selected from four different locations in Ninavah Governorate (Al-Hadher, Al-Qayarah, Hamam al-alil, Tallafer, Faidah). The studied areas were selected according the variation of environmental conditions and climate. Chemical analysis was conducted using (XRF) Technique. Results of XRF Analysis also showed a clear increasing in immobile oxides of (SiO2, Fe2O3 and Al2O3) and trace (rare) elements (ZrO, MnO and TiO2) in Faidah soil and gradually decreased in Tallafer, Hamam al-alil, Al-Qayarah and reach its lowest levels in Al-Hadher soil. However the mobile oxides of (CaO) and the loss in ignition was increased in Al-Hadher soil and gradually decreased in Al-Qayarah, Hamam al-alil, Tallafer and reach its lowest levels in Faidah soil. Calculation of weathering indices has been done such as modified weathering potential index (MWPI), plagioclase index of alteration (PIA), weathering ratio (WR), bases / alumina (B/A), and weathering index (WI-1), (WI-2). Results of weathering indices included that the highest levels of weathering levels was found in Faidah soil (High Average rainfall) and the lowest weathering levels in Al-Hadher soil (Low Average rainfall ).
Study the effect of annealing on the Structural and Optical properties of Copper oxide films prepared by Sol-Gel Spin Coating
Authors: Thuraya yarb  , Riyadh sami  , Ali saleh  , Fares Saleh Atallah
Published: April 2023

This research is to study the effect of annealing on the structural and optical properties on the thin films copper oxide(CuO,Cu2O) was deposited on glass substrate by using technique Spin-Coating (Sol-Gel) with speed (3000 RPM) during the time of the deposition (30 sec). Was the preparation of the solution using a material of copper acetate (Cu(C2H3O2)2.H2O) as a basis and Diethanolamine (DEA) (C4H11NO2) as installed and Ethanol (C2H6O) as a solvent, the solution prepard at a concentration of 0.2M. The annealing at temperatures (250,350, 450,550)°C for one hour. We have investigated the Structural characteristics using (XRD and AFM) analyses ,from of (XRD) analyses show that the thin films are polycrystalline and annealing the films at 350 °C completely converts these films to tenorite structure with composition of CuO. And from (AFM) analyses show that the grian size increases with increasing annealing temperature. Either optical characteristics by spectroscopy UV in the range of wavelength (300-1100) nm. It is observed that the transmittance and allowed direct optical band gap of the films decreases with the increase of annealing temperature from 4.0 eV to 3.92 eV.
Study the Effect of the Laser on the Structural and Electrical Properties of the Compound Tl2-xHgxBa2-ySryCa2Cu3O10 + δ Superior Electrical Conductivity at High Temperatures
Authors: Abdul Kareem Dahas Ali  , Sabah  Jalal  Fathi  , Noor Abdul Wahed Ahmed
Published: April 2023

This study included the preparation of composite samples (Tl2-xHgxBa2-ySryCa2Cu3O10+δ) in various concentrations of x where (x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5). by solid state reaction method and under hydrostatic pressure (ton /cm2 8 interaction) and temperature annealing (850°C), and determine the effect of the laser on the structural and electrical properties elements in the compound, Observed by examining the XRD The best ratio of compensation for x is 0.2 as the value of a= b = 5.3899 (Å), c = 36.21 (Å) show that the installation of Teragonal structure, the study found that oxygen played an important role in increasing the critical temperature. When you shine a CO2 laser on the samples in order to recognize the effect of the laser on these samples  showed the study of X-ray diffraction of these samples when preparing samples with different concentrations of the values ​​of x, the best value of compensation is 0.2 which showed an increase in the values ​​of the dimensions of the unit cell a = b = 5.3929 (Å), c = 36.238 (Å) as well as we have noticed in the Teragonal structure of the compound and took the boat the best role in the crystal structure. When examining the electrical characteristics for different values of the values of (x) found that the best degree of critical temperature at x = 0.2 is TC = 142 K and after shedding CO2 laser on the prepared forms note the increase in the critical temperature at x= 0.2 is TC = 144 K. The screening samples by atomic force microscopy three-dimensional (AFM), and also has a study and examination of the crystal structure of the samples by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and know the percentages elements in the compound and, the effect of annealing temperature .the pressure applied, and to quantify the concentration of elements in the composite.
The effect of different seasons on the seminiferous tubules and leydig cells of the testis for the adult rabbit of the local breed (Histological study)
Authors: Idrees Khalaf Thamer
Published: April 2023

The season is an important  factor determine the efficacy of the sexual activity of the adult males of different animal species, in this study, Sixteen adult male rabbit of local breed were used to investigate the effect of the different seasons of the year on the histology of the testicular tissue, particularly the leydig cells. Four animals were killed in each season and segments of testes processed by using  histological technique. The results were indicated that the seasons winter and summer affect the seminiferous tubules reflected by subpopulation of different germ cells such as spermatogonia, primary and secondary spermatocytes, spermatids and spermatozoa.  Leydig cells were atrophied with deeply basophilic nuclei associated with poorly blood capillaries in between, otherwise the seasons spring and autumn effect on the same germ cells and leydig cells, but in this case there was increase in the population of germ cells in the seminiferous tubules and the leydig cells were hypertrophied with the presence of cytoplasmic fat droplets and its nuclei were euochromatic, The blood capillaries in between these cells were abundant, these events indicated the increase activity of testicular tissue in both seasons, the (spring and autumn), While in winter and summer, this phenomena was contra versa. The present study was indicated that the spring and autumn seasons are the best for the progressed activity of the leydig cells and germ cells of the testicular tissue of the adult rabbit than the winter and summer seasons.
The Use Of Polymerase Chain Reaction In Real Time To Diagnose The Tuberculosis (TB) for patient from Erbil
Authors: Hanan Waleed Muhammad
Published: April 2023

were examined sample 30 patients (male 19 and female 11) suspected clinically infected with tb and using RT-PCR the sample from sputum and ICT Assay from blood plasma were ratios 36%, 13%  respectively. and test values ​​were Chi square from diagnose  tb from sputum  by RT-PCR for female 3.798n.s, P-Value 0.0571 and male ​​were Chi square 3.185n.s , P-Value0.00714  non significant difference among females and male but the value of male closer  to  significant. test values ​​were chi square from diagnose tb from blood plasma by ICT for female 3.157n.s, P-Value 0.1782 and male ​​were chi square 1. 831n.s , P-Value 0.381 non significant difference among females and male but the value of female closer to significant. diagnose  tb from urine  by RT-PCR  dose not appear any result. Results showed despite the lack of  significant differences between the ways studied  but the RT-PCR offers a way sensitive, efficient and accurate for the diagnosis and determine  tb infection especially from sputum and followed ICT test less efficient and indexation DNA of tb from urin  by RT-PCR is non efficient .
Study the Hemoglobin Electrophoresis Patterns in two Populations from Salah - addin Province - Iraq
Authors: Wajdi Sabeeh Sadeq
Published: April 2023

The early identification of some clinically significant hemoglobinopathies and precise differentiation of hemoglobin variants are important to provide early comprehensive medical care to prevent some serious complications, assess prognosis and offer genetic counseling.

This study examined the prevalence of α 2 - gene deletion in neonates in Samarra and Tikrit, Iraq. Screening study was carried out by examining fresh blood samples obtained from excised umbilical cord of 42 neonates born in neonates clinics in Samarra hospital and Tikrit hospital from October 2012 to March 2013. Hemoglobin electrophoresis were performed using Hellabio hemoglobin electrophoresis kit (He 10) and Hellabioscan system for detection of Hb bands and value % of fractions.

 The results showed 40 cases out of 42 (95.24%) have normal hemoglobin components. 2 cases out of 42 (4.76%) there was no visible band of HbA2 in hemoglobin electrophoresis pattern. Considering the missing of HbA2 band the two cases may have the deletion of  δ gene so each one of them may has the genotype δ0/δ0.
Diagnostic and Epidemiological study of Blastocystis hominis in Samarra city, Iraq
Authors: Omaima I. Mahmood  , Thu-Alfaqar A. Khudher  , Thu-Alfaqar A. Khudher
Published: April 2023

The present study included detection of infection with Blastocystis hominis in Sammara city / Salah Al-Deen province , from April 2014 until April 2015. 264 stool samples were collected from children less than 15 years old which attending the General hospital and some medical laboratories in the city. Microscopic examination by using trichrome stain was used to detected this parasite. By using trichrome stain, cyst and vacuolar forms the only stages had been distinguished. The results of study revealed the rate of infection was (15.15%) by using microscopic examination. Epidemiological survey demonstrated there is no significant differences between male and female and more frequently infected at the (6-10) years age group (21.9%) and (13.33%). Also the higher rate of infection was during Spring, and the lower rate was in Autumn. Single infection with B.hominis was (9.09%), but the mixed infection with the other parasite was (3.78%) with E. histolytica and (2.27%) with G. lamblia. Diarrhea was the distinguish sign with infection children.
Plasmid Profile, Curing Analysis, and antibacterial Activity of Alcea arebellensis plant Against Multidrug Resistance Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Zirak F. A. Abdulrahman  , Khadija Kh.M.Barzani  , Aryan A. Rasheed
Published: April 2023

A total of  50 Staphylococcus aureus isolates were identified from burn , otitis media, wound and urine infection from patient admitted to the central lab and internal lab of teaching hospital and Rizgary hospital in Erbil city during the period 10thNovember 2011 to 30th March 2012. All the isolate identified according to Microscopical, cultural and biochemical tests. S. aureus tested for antibiotics susceptibility test using  agar diffusion method .The antibiotics susceptibility testing showed that  49(98%) , 48(96%), 48(94%), 9(18%),8(10%), 7(14%), and 4(8%), were resistant to chloramphenicol , Amikacin, ampicillin, Vancomycin ,Cefotaxime, Cefazolin ,and ceftriaxone but all the isolates were sensitive to amoxicillin. Also the results showed that isolate no.38 was resistant to seven antibiotics under study which contain five plasmids with molecular weight more than 10 kbp. The results also revealed that 5(10%), 25(50%), and 20(40%) of S.aureus were reported to produce alpha, beta, gamma hemolysis respectively. Results of plasmid curing experiments revealed that elevated temperature at 46oC were completely remove the plasmid that harbor antibiotic resistance gene for the antibiotic understudy while for bleomycin at 50µg/ml had lower effect. The antibacterial activity of aqueous and alcoholic extract of flowers and leaves of the Alcea arebelensis was studied against some resistant isolates of S. aureus, the results showed the inhibitory effect of plant extracts against selected isolates except the alcohol leaf extract which showed no inhibitory activity against all studied bacterial isolates.
Synthesis of graphene-oxadiazole-2-thiol (RGS) / PVA composite and studying Its electric properties
Authors: Ibrahim F. waheed  , Emaad T. Bakir  , Sabah M. Ali
Published: April 2023

In this work focused on preparing novel nanocompound Reduce graphene-oxadiazole-2-thiol (RGS), is a derivative of graphene, Which was obtained through a series of reactions on graphene oxide (GO). Incorporating (RGS) in PVA via non-covalent afforded RGS/PVA composites with different weight of RGS.  the RGS/PVA composite and  pure PVA were identified by different techniques, FTIR measurements, The scanning electron
Synthesis of Nickel Ferrite NiFe2O4 Nanoparticles/PVA composite and studying Its electric properties
Authors: Ibrahim F. waheed  , Emaad T. Bakir  , Sabah M. Ali
Published: April 2023

In this work focused on preparing Nickel Ferrite NiFe2O4 Nanoparticles (NFNPs) which prepared  by Sol-Gel Auto-Combustion Method. Incorporating (NFNPs) in PVA afforded NFNPs/PVA composites with different weight of NFNPs.  the NFNPs /PVA composite and  pure PVA were identified by different techniques, FTIR
Analytical Study of Zinc Sulphide Electrode Prepared from Nano material
Authors: Ali I . Khaleel  , Khalaf F. Al-Samarrai  , Marwan A. mahmood
Published: April 2023

Zinc Sulphide nanoparticles (NPs) has been prepared from raw material by microwave method. ZnS NPs were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), The size of ZnS NPs were about (3.15nm) calculated from the Scherer formula from the most intense XRD peak, The calculated product for ZnS was about 94.4%.Zn2+-selective electrode based on poly vinyl chloride (PVC) was prepared by using ZnS Nanoparticles (NPs) powders and di-butyl phthalate, and were compared The analytical specifications of ZnS NPs and ZnS Microparticles (Non- NPs ) electrode. ZnS NPs electrode and ZnS Non- NPs  electrode give linear range upon (10-5-10-2)M and (10-4-10-2)M, Nernstain slope of (30.35 mV/decade) and (30.84 mV/decade), correlation coefficient of (0.9999) and (0.9995), detection limit of (1.733x10-7)M and (2.486x10-6)M, quantitative limit of (5.77x10-7)M and (7.07x10-6)M, the response time of (9-39) second and (13-36) second, respectively. The lifetime for each electrode was 15 days. The optimum conditions for each electrode were (5-7), (20-30 ̊C) and (10-4) M for pH, temperature and concentration of filling solution respectively. The selectivity of electrodes were measured using mixed solutions method, the results showed that the selectivity coefficient values for all interferences ions are less than one.
Effect of Thyroid Hormones and Trace Elements (Zn, Mg) on Obesity
Authors: Shaimaa Essa Ahmed  , Firas Taher Maher  , Nazar Ahmed Naji
Published: April 2023

Background: Obesity is characterized by abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that is the result of a chronic imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure. Thyroid hormones have profound effect on many physiological processes, such as development, growth in children and metabolism. Thyroid hormones stimulate diverse metabolic activates in most tissues, leading to an increase in basal metabolic rate. Trace elements are essential nutrients with regulatory, immunologic, and antioxidant functions resulting from their action as essential components or cofactors of enzymes throughout metabolism.

Methods: In this study conducted on 176 individuals in the age group from (20-55) years, from Tikrit and Kirkuk Governorates. Blood samples were divided into three groups according to BMI: Group One: Control group (Normal Weight): 66 individual BMI (18.5 - 24.9 kg/m2). Group Two: Overweight group: 50 individual BMI (25.0 – 29.9 kg/m2).Group Three: Obese group: 60 individual BMI (≥ 30 kg/m2).

Results: The results showed a high significant increase (p<0.0001) in the BMI level in obese and overweight groups comparison with normal weight group. The results showed a significant decrease (p<0.001) in (T3 and T4) hormones levels in obese and overweight groups comparison with normal weight group. While the results showed a high significant increase (p<0.0001) in the TSH levels in obese and overweight groups comparison with normal weight group, the results showed a significant decrease (p<0.001) in the Zn concentration in obese and overweight groups comparison with normal weight group, the results showed a high significant decrease (p<0.0001) in the Mg concentration in obese and overweight groups comparison with normal weight group. There is a high significant increase in the (cholesterol, TG, VLDL-c and LDL-c) levels in obese and overweight groups comparison with normal weight group (p<0.0001), while the results showed a high significant decrease (p<0.0001) in the HDL-c level in obese and overweight groups comparison with normal weight group. The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between T3 and T4.While there was a significant negative correlation between T3 and LDL. There was a positive correlation between T4 and HDL. Whereas the there was a significant negative correlation between T4 and LDL. There was a significant positive correlation between TSH with Cholesterol, Triglyceride, LDL and VLDL. There was a significant negative correlation between TSH with HDL, and Mg. Conclusions: The results of (thyroid hormones and lipid profile) indicated highly associated with trace elements (Zn, Mg) levels and these correlations may be caused a risk of the obesity
Spectrophotometric Determination of Methyl Paraben in Pharmaceutical Formulations by Oxidative Coupling Reaction
Authors: Abdul Majeed Khorsheed Ahmed  , Abdulla Salim Khazaal  , Alyea Hussain Ahmed
Published: April 2023

A simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method was developed for the determination of  Methyl Paraben via oxidative coupling with the 2,4-Dinitrophynel hydrazine in the presence of N-bromosuccinimid in a basic medium, Absorbance of the obtained coloured products was measured at the corresponding optimum wavelengths (600 nm), Beer’s law is obeyed over the concentration of 2.0-20 μg.ml-1, and The molar absorptivity of  (6253 L.mole-1.cm-1), Sandell,s sensitity index of (0.02433 µg.cm-2). The detection limits were (0.34 μg.ml-1), with a linear regression correlation coefficient of  (0.9947)  and  recovery range from (98.96–103%). The proposed method has been applied successfully to determine Methyl Paraben in pharmaceutical preparations and cosmetic formulations.
Study the Effect of Phenol on formation of Supramolecular gel
Authors: Liqaa H.Alsamarrai  , Layla A. Al-Jaber  , Eman A. Alsamarrai
Published: April 2023

In this work, the cationic surfactant hexacetyl pridinium chloride (HCPC) was blended with anionic surfactant Sodium Dodecyl benzene  Sulfate (SDBS) by using different concentrations (0.0025 - 0.1M) of phenol and at temperature ranges (20-35 Co). It was found that the viscosity values for the mixture of SDBS / HCPC at a certain mixing ratios (12/3, 10.5/4.5 and 9/6), were increased in the presence of phenol, due to formation of self-assembled supramolecular. Moreover, the thermodynamic functions as well as the activation energy for the process of self-assembled were calculated. Conductivity measurements were also performed for further support. The results revealed a physical interaction insight intermolecular forces.
Microfacies and depositional environment of Bajawan and Baba Formations in Kirkuk Oil fields north Iraq
Authors: Hawazen N. Farhan  , Lafta S. Kadem  , Qahtan A. Mohammed
Published: April 2023

The study of six selected wells from Kirkuk oil field petrographic and physical properties ; investigation while leads to interpret the microfacies and environment for Bajawan and Baba Formations. Five carbonate microfacies distingished from Bajawan Formation ( Lime Mudstone Microfacies, Fossiliferous Lime Wackstone Microfacies, Miliolid Packstone Microfacies, Miliolid Grainstone Microfacies and Coral, Boundstone microfacies ), while Two microfacies described from Baba Formation (Limestone  bearing Larger foraminifera (Lepidocylina- Nummulites) packstone-wackstone microfacies and Fossiliferous  Floatstone bearing Larger Foraminifera  microfacies ).

According to different types of microfacies  that described from Bajwan and Baba  Formations , the depositional environment of  Bajawan Formation is backreef/reef or restricted   lagoon (inner ramp), but for Baba Formation is shallow water forereef (middle ramp). The facies model were  constructed on basis of stratigraphy, lateral and vertical facies change and depositional environment of Oligocene  succession.
Investigation of electronic structure for β-Zr in the(s-d) subshell
Authors: Abdulhadi Mirdan Ghaleb
Published: April 2023

In this paper, a theoretical study of calculating Compton profiles(CPs) for β-Zr using the renormalized-free-atom model and free electron model for different configurations (4d3-x-5s1+x),where (x= 0.1 to 1 step 0.1) is presented .The theoretical results and previously experimental data show good agreement and the best electronic configuration found was  (4d2.8-5s1.2 ). The cohesive energy of β-Zr is computed by using  theoretical Compton profile data and compared with available data. The band structure and density of state of  (β-Zr and -Zr) phases are determined from density functional theory (DFT) with use Quantum wise Atomistix Tool Kit (ATK),Virtual Nano Lab  calculations within the framework of the local density approximation (LDA).
Fabracation and study of Structural properties for the compounds (Mg1-xZnxFe2O4) prepared by chemical precipitation method
Authors: Saif Amer Mahdi
Published: April 2023

In this paper were prepared Magnesium – Zinc ferrites having the chemical formula (Mg1-xZnxFe2O4) ,(X=0.0, 0.4 and 0.6) were prepared by using chemical precipitation method and these samples were annealing at 700ºC for (3hr). Then the structural and physical properties have been measured for the samples prepared. XRD analysis showed that all the samples having face-centered cubic (FCC) structure and is miller indices (220),(331),(222) (400),(422),(511),(440) The Lattice constant (a) increased with the Zinc concentration (8.36 ـــ 8.67 ºA) increase and also increasing of the homogeneous surface structure caused best in the physical properties, while the Microscope examinations showed that the average roughness surface and Grain size (Dnm) were decreasing with the increase in Zn-concentration .