bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IS LEADERSHIP AN IDEOLOGY? A RESEARCH PROJECT INSPIRED BY T. W. ADORNO
Authors: VILELA JOSÉ RICARDO DE PAULA XAVIER , CARVALHO NETO ANTONIO
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT Purpose: On the assumption that leadership is a social construction driven by interests, this article presents the results of an empirical research designed with the purpose of investigating the concept of leadership. Originality/gap/relevance/implications: The originality is the use of empirical procedures inspired by the work of an author often quoted in studies of theoretical and essayistic nature, but whose work in empirical research is little known among us. Key methodological aspects: The methodological procedures were chosen inspired by those used by T. W. Adorno in F scale production, which was oriented to identify contradictions, opposing views and unusual aspects not usually found in general literature on this subject. Summary of key results: It was identified that the exercise of leadership is motivated by interests - not those of one class against another, but those within the same social class - which are presented from different points of view, depending on whether the individual is or is not playing this role; there is a tendency to hide the relationship between the leadership and the exercise of power, and also that leaders that were in activity tend to hide the interests related to the exercise of this social role (such as the financial ones), as well as trying to characterize leadership as something extraordinary - characterization not recognized by many of the individuals who were no longer playing that role; and finally, that interests may be also related to the opportunity to offer training programs for the development of "leadership skills". Key considerations/conclusions: The results allow a deconstruction of some of the speeches involving aspects usually presented as characterizing this construct and suggests new research ways to seek the understanding of this object.
THE COMICS AS TEACHING STRATEGY IN LEARNING OF STUDENTS IN AN UNDERGRADUATE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
Authors: SILVA ANIELSON BARBOSA DA , SANTOS GABRIELA TAVARES DOS , BISPO ANA CAROLINA KRUTA DE ARAÚJO
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT Purpose: This article aims to evaluate the use of comics as an active teaching strategy in learning of students in a management undergraduate program. Originality/gap/relevance/implications: The proposal presented in this article brings a theoretical-practical contribution to education in management, since it describes the steps for the use of a strategy involving use of comics as a teaching tool by the professor in the classroom, and also promotes the researcher's reflections on innovative teaching strategies for education in management in Brazil. Key methodological aspects: The study is qualitative and the research method adopted followed the assumptions and steps of the action research of Cousin (2009): recognition, planning, action, observation and reflection. Cousin's description was adapted to the context of teaching. Summary of key results: The results obtained indicate that using presentation of comics as a teaching strategy can enhance competence development, assist in the development of innovation and flexibility, and also contribute to reducing the gap between theory and practice. In addition, it can help students develop a critical sense, help to establish relationships between events and managerial situations, and encourage the exchange of experiences, assisting in decision-making and allowing students to represent a professional situation based on theoretical precepts. Finally, it contributes to the development of reflective practice in the learning environment and, in particular, promotes the development of creativity, something that was observed throughout the implementation of the strategy. Key considerations/conclusions: It is expected that the study will contribute to the dissemination of the strategy in other programs and institutions and encourage teachers to use comics in the learning processes of their students.
Maternal folic acid consumption during gestation and its long-term effects on offspring's liver: a systematic review
Authors: Brasil Flavia Bittencourt , Amarante Luiz Henrique , Oliveira Marcos Roberto de
Published: April 2017

Abstract Objectives: describing the effects of maternal supplementation with folic acid (FA) exclusively during gestation on offspring's liver at later stages in life. Supplementation with FA during gestation has been recommended by the medical society worldwide. The liver has a central role on the substances of metabolism and homeostasis and some studies have shown that a high intake of FA at other periods in life may cause hepatic damage. Methods: a systematic review through which the following databases were consulted: Medline, through platforms of Pubmed, Lilacs and Scielo. The research was performed by keywords such as: "Folic acid", "Gestation", "Rat", "Offspring" and "Liver". Articles which evaluate the effect of FA consumption during both gestation and lactation were excluded. Results: FA consumption avoids disorders on expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and glucocorticoid receptor (GccR), its lack did not change enzyme activity of the male offspring's liver in adulthood. Supplementation with FA during gestation did not change iron hepatic levels or lipid composition, but had an antioxidant effect on it. Conclusions: supplementation with FA at recommended doses did not cause toxic effects and is very likely to avoid deleterious effects in the liver of the offspring regarding the epigenetic level.
Factors associated to nipple trauma in lactation period: a systematic review
Authors: Dias Janaína Silva , Vieira Tatiana de Oliveira , Vieira Graciete Oliveira
Published: April 2017

Abstract Objectives: To identify the characteristics associated to nipple trauma in nursing mothers and propose a theoretical model explaining in hierarchical levels its determining factors. Methods: a systematic review of the literature based on the search of epidemiological studies of factors associated to nipple trauma in the databases of Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online/Pubmed, Literatura Latino-Americana and Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Latin American Literature and Caribbean Health Sciences) and ScienceDirect. The conduct on searching articles occurred until June 2016. Results: 17 articles were selected which investigated 27 variables and found a significant association between 16 of these variables and nipple trauma. The factors associated to nipple trauma reported in two or more studies were: mother of race/color white or yellow, primiparity, inadequate position between mother and child during breastfeeding and handling the infant incorrectly to the mother's breast. Guidance received on handling and positioning the infant during prenatal care was a protective factor against nipple trauma. Conclusions: in the theoretical model explaining the factors associated to nipple trauma in hierarchical levels, the variables classified at the proximal level were the most investigated and were identified as risk factors in selected studies, indicating that in the postpartum care period is an important protective factor against nipple trauma.
Morbidity in extreme low birth weight newborns hospitalized in a high risk public maternity
Authors: Sousa Derijulie Siqueira , Sousa Júnior Airton Salviano , Santos Arielly Duarte Rabelo , Melo Enaldo Vieira , Lima Sônia Oliveira , Almeida-Santos Marcos Antônio , Reis Francisco Prado
Published: April 2017

Abstract Objectives: to determine the prevalence of the most common morbidities in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants hospitalized in a newborn intensive care unit (NICU) and to evaluate the influence of these morbidities through the length of in-hospital stay. Methods: observational, longitudinal, prospective and analytical study in a high risk reference maternity NICU from Sergipe, realized with 158 ELBW infants admitted between March 2014 and April 2015. The analysis of the hospitalization time was realized through the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: the average weight of premature was 785,2g ± 138,2g. The gestational age vary from 22 to 35 weeks and the average was 26,8 weeks. Of those admitted at NICU, sixty three (39,9%) were discharged and 95 (60,1%) died. The time of hospitalization was influenced for morbidities as: patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), intraventricular hemorrhage and sepsis. Acute respiratory distress syndrome was the most common complication (157 - 99,4%). The incidence of persistent arterial duct, intraventricular hemorrhage, sepsis, hypothermia, hypoglycemia and retinopathy of prematurity was 39,2%, 17,1%, 32,3%,50,3%, 52,3% e 16,6% respectively. Conclusions: the morbidities from respiratory tract, cardiac, neurological and infectious were the most prevalent, whilst PDA, intraventricular hemorrhage and sepsis were the morbidities that significantly influenced the time of hospitalization.
Number of leaves and phenology of rice hybrids simulated by the SimulArroz model
Authors: Ribas Giovana G. , Streck Nereu A. , Duarte Junior Ary J. , Nascimento Moises F. do , Zanon Alencar J. , Silva Michel R. da
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT Process-based-models can predict leaf and reproductive development of agricultural crops. The objective of this study was to calibrate and evaluate the SimulArroz model in simulating the number of leaves on the main culm and the phenology of three hybrid rice cultivars in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Field experiments were conducted in Santa Maria, Cachoeirinha, Uruguaiana and Santa Vitória do Palmar, in Rio Grande do Sul state, in two growing seasons. Observations were made to determine the number of leaves in the main culm through the Haun scale and the phenology of three hybrid cultivars (PRIME CL, INOV CL and QM 1010 CL) and a conventional rice cultivar used as a control (IRGA 424). The calibration of the SimulArroz model was efficient for simulating the number of leaves and phenology as a function of the sowing date and maturity group of three hybrid rice cultivars in Rio Grande do Sul.
‘Jurema-de-embira’ seed germination under water stress and at different temperatures
Authors: Nogueira Narjara W. , Torres Salvador B. , Freitas Rômulo M. O. de , Castro Thiago H. da S. , Sá Francisco V. da S.
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT The process of water imbibition by the seed depends on temperature and water availability, which according to the absorbed water retention capacity will determine the success of the germination process. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of water stress on the germination and vigor of ‘jurema-de-embira’ seeds under different temperatures. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 7 x 4 factorial scheme (osmotic potential and temperature) with four replicates of 25 seeds each. The osmotic potentials of 0, -0.1, -0.2, -0.3, -0.4, -0.5 and -0.6 MPa at temperatures of 25, 30 and 35 °C and alternated of 20-30 °C, under photoperiod of 8 h, were evaluated. Germination percentage, germination speed index, shoot and root length, shoot dry biomass, root dry biomass and total biomass were evaluated. Water stress negatively affected the germination and vigor of ‘jurema-de-embira’ seedlings from the potential of -0.2 MPa on, whose effects are more evident at the temperature of 35 ° C. The alternated temperature of 20-30 °C allowed greater tolerance to water stress for the germination of ‘jurema-de-embira’ seeds.
Oat yield through panicle components and growth regulator
Authors: Marolli Anderson , Silva José A. G. da , Mantai Rubia D. , Brezolin Ana P. , Gzergorczick Maria E. , Lambrecht Darlei M.
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT The growth regulator modifies the expression of lodging and panicle components in oat plants, with reflexes in yield. The objective of this study was to define the optimal dose of growth regulator in oat for a maximum lodging of 5%. In addition, this study aimed to identify potential variables of the panicle to compose the multiple linear regression model and the simulation of grain yield in conditions of use of the regulator under low, high and very high fertilization with nitrogen. The study was conducted in 2011, 2012 and 2013 in a randomized block design with four replicates in a 4 x 3 factorial scheme, for growth regulator doses (0, 200, 400 and 600 mL ha-1) and N-fertilizer doses (30, 90 and 150 kg ha-1), respectively. The growth regulator doses of 395, 450 and 560 mL ha-1 are efficient, with maximum oat lodging of 5%, under low, high and very high nitrogen fertilization, respectively. The grain weight per panicle and panicle harvest index are potential variables to compose the multiple linear regression model. Multiple linear regression equations are efficient in the simulation of oat grain yield under the conditions of use of growth regulator, regardless of the N-fertilizer dose.
Hydrodynamic changes of the soil-cactus interface, effective actual evapotranspiration and its water efficiency under irrigation
Authors: Morais José E. F. de , Silva Thieres G. F. da , Queiroz Maria G. de , Araújo Gherman G. L. de , Moura Magna S. B. , Araújo Júnior George do N.
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT The knowledge on soil water dynamics is the basis of crop water management. The soil water balance (SWB) method is used for this purpose. However, its application in cactus may lead to misinterpretation in water efficiency analysis, since it does not consider the amount of water retained in the plant (WRP). This study aimed to evaluate SWB applicability, hydrodynamic changes and water efficiency of forage cactus clones under irrigation. The clones ‘Orelha de Elefante Mexicana’ (OEM), ‘IPA Sertânia’ (IPA) and ‘Miúda’ (MIU) were submitted to irrigation depths (2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 mm) and frequencies (7, 14 and 28 days), in Serra Talhada, PE, Brazil, between March 2012 and August 2013. The SWB was applied, by adding the WRP in the estimate of the effective actual evapotranspiration (ETrEF). The water efficiency indicators were calculated. The actual evapotranspiration on SWB (ETrSWB) overestimated ETrEF and, like other SWB components, it was affected by the factors irrigation depth, frequency and clone. The clone OEM is the most efficient, due to the use of the WRP, while MIU leads to highest gross economic returns for sale of cladodes as seed. As conclusion, the application of the soil water balance method in areas cultivated with cactus species must be accompanied by WRP.
“Os ogros são como cebolas”: diferentes ofertas de subjetivação presentes na personagem Shrek
Authors: Santos Myrna Wolff Brachmann dos , Osório Antônio Carlos do Nascimento
Published: April 2017

Resumo Este texto constitui breve exposição de análise dos quatro filmes de animação da série Shrek - Shrek (2001), Shrek 2 (2004), Shrek Terceiro (2007), Shrek para Sempre (2010) - realizada com o objetivo de descrever e refletir sobre os processos de subjetivação que produzem a personagem Shrek. Pressupõe que os filmes, em sua capacidade pedagógica, oferecem e propõem alternativas de subjetivação, além de modelos e exemplos de modos de ser, pensar e agir. Apresenta a ideia de que a personagem do ogro sofre um processo de subjetivação, que o torna mais ou menos normalizado. Ao sujeito espectador, infante (ou não), os filmes da série Shrek oferecem uma ideia de humanização e de conformação às normas que regem socialmente o uso da sexualidade. Os processos que tornam a personagem Shrek normalizada, bem como, e de certa forma, humanizada, são tratados como ofertas exemplares e modelares de como cuidar de si.
Filosofia e interdisciplinaridade
Authors: Lima Márcio José Silveira
Published: April 2017

Resumo Este texto pretende discutir alguns aspectos da interdisciplinaridade, tendo como fio condutor duas ideias centrais: primeiro, a importância do tema para os debates em torno da construção e da transmissão do conhecimento; segundo, a delimitação do campo de reflexão em que a contraposição à especialização ganha especial destaque. A intenção é questionar se a crítica à especialização não é contemporânea da própria consolidação do trabalho disciplinar e dos especialistas; e se essa crítica não teria aberto o caminho para os debates sobre a interdisciplinaridade. Nesse caso, escolheram-se três filósofos que parecem corroborar esse ponto de vista: Ortega y Gasset, Nietzsche e Adorno. Nos três casos, pode-se perceber a defesa da necessidade de abertura para um conhecimento mais amplo. Por fim, esboçam-se alguns pontos relevantes sobre a filosofia como uma disciplina e sobre o lugar que a crítica à especialização ocupa em sua reflexão, e conjectura-se sobre a abertura para o trabalho interdisciplinar.
Repensando o papel do professor como agente transformador: parresía, cuidado de si e ética na formação de professores
Authors: Alves Alexandre
Published: April 2017

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é propor uma breve análise do conceito de parresía nos últimos cursos de Michel Foucault no Collège de France para pensar o papel do professor e sua formação na atualidade. Seguindo o argumento de Foucault, analisa-se o conceito de parresía em contraste com o conceito de confissão como operadores na constituição do sujeito ético em dois distintos modos de subjetivação: nas escolas filosóficas da Antiguidade greco-romana e no dispositivo pastoral cristão. Nas escolas filosóficas helenísticas, a figura do mestre é central na formação do sujeito ético, como aquele que permite e promove a autonomia do discípulo. Na prática cristã de condução, em contrapartida, o objetivo é a mortificação da vontade e a subordinação perpétua a um guia de conduta. Essa análise permite compreender como as instituições e as práticas educacionais modernas e contemporâneas se ancoram ainda na hermenêutica de si cristã, que é correlativa a formas pastorais de condução e governo dos indivíduos. Para uma melhor compreensão da questão, recorre-se à distinção, estabelecida por Jacques Rancière, entre o professor como mestre emancipador e como cidadão. Considera-se também o problema do “desaparecimento” do professor nos discursos e nas práticas da “aprendizagem”, seguindo a análise de Gert Biesta. Por fim, são avaliadas algumas implicações da análise de Foucault para repensar os dilemas da teorização educacional crítica hoje e o papel do professor como intelectual específico na transformação das práticas educativas.
Applicability of Anticholinergic Risk Scale in hospitalized elderly persons
Authors: Gorzoni Milton Luiz , Fabbri Renato Moraes Alves
Published: April 2017

Abstract Objective: to define the applicability of the Anticholinergic Risk Scale (ARS) as a risk indicator of delirium in hospitalized elderly persons. Method: the medical records of elderly patients hospitalized in the medical wards of a teaching hospital were analyzed with the ARS, translated and adapted for medicines used in Brazil. The version of the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) for the clinical diagnosis of delirium translated and validated by Fabbri et al. was used. Individuals aged ≥60 years were included in the evaluation of drug use. The sample was divided by gender and age to analyze the effect of these variables on the use of anticholinergic drugs based on the ARS, and association with delirium. Results: 123 elderly persons, 47 men and 76 women, with a mean age of 72.7(±9.2) years were included. The average consumption of drugs not listed in the ARS (some with anticholinergic action as Ipratropium and Scopolamine) was 6.1(±3.0) and the average number of drugs used listed in the ARS (Metoclopramide, Ranitidine, Atropine, Haloperidol and Risperidone) was 0.9±0.6. Four elderly persons had a score ≥3 (3.3% of total cases). Delirium was observed in 27 patients (21.9% of the total), none of whom scored more than two ARS points. There was no statistical significance regarding gender, age and delirium. Conclusion: the average score of the ARS was low among this population, and did not correlate with delirium. The ARS does not cover all anticholinergics, meaning this study should be repeated in a geriatric ward for comparison.
Epidemiological, clinical and evolutionary aspects of tuberculosis among elderly patients of a university hospital in Belém, Pará
Authors: Chaves Emanuele Cordeiro , Carneiro Irna Carla do Rosário Souza , Santos Maria Izabel Penha de Oliveira , Sarges Nathália de Araújo , Neves Eula Oliveira Santos das
Published: April 2017

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the epidemiological, clinical and evolutionary aspects of tuberculosis in elderly patients of a university hospital in Belém, Pará. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a university hospital, where 82 records of cases of tuberculosis in elderly patients were analyzed. The data was analyzed by applying the G-test, assuming a level of α=0.05 (5%) and a value of p=0.05. Results: Most of the elderly patients were male (64.6%), aged 60-69 years, especially among men (64.2%). Most were new cases of tuberculosis (95.1%), with a pulmonary clinical form (75.6%), associated diseases (69.5%) and a length of stay exceeding 21 days. Fever (67.1%), dyspnea (64.6%), weight loss (61.0%), productive cough (59.8%), chest pain (51.2%) were the main signs and symptoms. Regarding treatment, there was a high percentage of adverse reactions (50%), predominantly gastrointestinal events (70.7%). Most patients were cured (59.8%), but mortality from tuberculosis was considered high (15.9%). In terms of the exposure variables and outcome, there was a statistically significant difference for the age group (p=0.017), length of stay (p=0.000) and adverse reactions (p=0.018) only. Conclusion: The clinical presentation and therapeutic management of tuberculosis among the elderly has characteristics peculiar to this group, making it important to strengthen strategies that facilitate early identification of suspected cases of TB among elderly persons in the community, which should take place mainly through the primary care system.
Impact of the diagnosis of diabetes and/or hypertension on healthy food consumption indicators: a longitudinal study of elderly persons
Authors: Cembranel Francieli , Bernardo Carla de Oliveira , Ozcariz Silvia Gisele Ibarra , d'Orsi Eleonora
Published: April 2017

Abstract Objective: to evaluate if the prevalence of healthy food consumption indicators among elderly persons with the self-reported diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and/or systemic arterial hypertension (DM and/or SAH) improved after diagnosis of these diseases, and to compare if the prevalence of such indicators was more frequent among elderly persons with DM and/or SAH than in elderly persons without these diseases. Method: a longitudinal study of 1,197 elderly persons aged 60-104 years, living in Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil, was performed, considering as an outcome the self-reported diagnosis of diabetes and/or hypertension. Healthy consumption indicators (exposures) were considered the maintenance and/or acquisition of the intake of fruit and vegetables ≥3 and ≥2 times/day, respectively, the consumption of fatty meat <2 times/week, and fried foods <2 times/week. Data was analyzed in terms of absolute and relative frequencies, and Poisson Regression was used to obtain the crude and adjusted prevalence of food consumption indicators. Values of p≤0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: when comparing the prevalences of the indicators of healthy food consumption among elderly persons with DM and/or SAH with those without these diseases, it was observed that only the consumption of fried foods changed positively between the periods 2009-2010 and 2013-2014. This result was statistically significant only for women, with maintaining/acquiring the infrequent consumption of fried foods (<2 times/week) 8.2% higher among elderly women with DM and/or SAH, p=0.043. Conclusion: The prevalence of healthy food consumption indicators was low and there was almost no difference between older adults with and without DM and/or SAH.
The perspective of caregivers of people with Parkinson's: an integrative review
Authors: Ferreira Dharah Puck Cordeiro , Coriolano Maria das Graças Wanderley de Sales , Lins Carla Cabral dos Santos Accioly
Published: April 2017

Abstract Objective: to analyze scientific production regarding the process of caring for persons with Parkinson's Disease (PD) from the perspective of the caregiver. Method: a descriptive integrative review type study was performed, guided by the question: How does the caregiver perceive the process of caring for a person with Parkinson's? A search was performed of the Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences, Nursing Database and Online Search System and Medical Literature Analysis databases, applying the cut-off points 2005 and 2015. Result: following Content Analysis three categories emerged: a) the process of caring for a person with PD; b) the positive and negative aspects associated with the process of caring for a person with PD; c) support for caregivers of people with PD: what can be done for them? Conclusion: The challenge of caring for a person with PD needs to be recognized by caregivers, professionals and health managers as a tool for the (re)construction of care.
Avaliação de Desempenho no Governo Mineiro: Alterações dos Indicadores e Metas
Authors: Gonzaga Rosimeire Pimentel , Frezatti Fabio , Ckagnazaroff Ivan Beck , Suzart Janilson Antônio da Silva
Published: April 2017

Resumo O modelo de gestão pública adotado pelo Estado de Minas Gerais, conhecido como Choque de Gestão, foi implementado utilizando-se de um instrumento de pactuação de resultados, denominado Acordo de Resultados, que prevê possíveis recompensas para o alcance das metas pactuadas. Considerando o Acordo de Resultados e a premissa de que os agentes fazem ajustes ou mudanças nos indicadores de desempenho nele contidos para adequar interesses distintos daqueles inicialmente almejados, esta pesquisa buscou identificar os fatores organizacionais e ambientais que influenciam as alterações dos indicadores de desempenho na estrutura gerencial do governo mineiro, à luz da teoria de agência e da teoria da contingência. Para alcançar o objetivo proposto, realizou-se um estudo de caso contendo abordagem qualitativa, utilizando-se de análise documental, questionário e entrevistas semiestruturadas para a coleta de dados. As entrevistas realizadas foram analisadas por meio de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados encontrados evidenciam que as ferramentas gerenciais aportadas no Choque de Gestão apresentam-se insuficientes para blindar a estrutura gerencial do modelo de gestão diante de algumas pressões identificadas com base nas teorias citadas, desvirtuando o modelo inicialmente proposto e promovendo alterações nos indicadores.
Determinantes dos Papéis dos Conselhos de Administração de Empresas Brasileiras
Authors: Freitas Neto Raimundo Marciano de , Mol Anderson Luiz Rezende
Published: April 2017

Resumo O presente estudo analisa a relação entre os papéis gerencial e supervisório dos Conselhos de Administração de 108 empresas listadas no Novo Mercado da BM&FBovespa e as variáveis de governança corporativa reportadas pela literatura acadêmica que, potencialmente, possam interferir na dominância de cada função nas reuniões dos Conselhos. A determinação do papel foi realizada por análise de conteúdo, adaptando o modelo de Schwartz-Ziv e Weisbach (2013), enquanto a avaliação das determinantes foi realizada por meio de Regressões Beta e Logística, utilizando-se, respectivamente, a proporção de tópicos gerenciais em relação ao total, e uma classificação binária de acordo com a dominância. Foram avaliadas as Atas e os Formulários de Referências divulgados para os anos-base de 2010 a 2013, sendo analisadas apenas empresas que apresentassem os dados referentes a todo o período. Detectou-se que os Conselhos exercem papéis gerenciais com maior frequência que o supervisório, e que as variáveis mais importantes para a determinação do papel são a presença de um ex-CEO no Conselho de Administração e a existência de um Conselho Fiscal instalado, ambos contribuindo positivamente para a predominância do Gerencial sobre o Supervisório.
Características Dendrométricas, Físicas e Químicas da Myracrodruon urundeuva e da Leucaena leucocephala
Authors: Silva Lázaro Lavoisier Honorato da , Oliveira Elisabeth , Calegari Leandro , Pimenta Marllus Carneiro , Dantas Maysa Kevia Linhares
Published: April 2017

RESUMO Com o objetivo de avaliar características dendrométricas, físicas e químicas da Myracrodruon urundeuva e Leucaena leucocephala foi realizada supressão de cinco exemplares de cada espécie. Os parâmetros dendrométricos avaliados foram: DAP, altura, volume. Avaliou-se a densidade básica e foram feitas análises químicas da madeira. O experimento foi arranjado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado (DIC), com valores analisados pelo teste F ao nível de 5%. As espécies M. urundeuva e L. leucocephala apresentaram, respectivamente, média de DAP 10,00 cm; 14,08 cm; altura total 8,20 m; 12,93 m; altura comercial 4,90 m; 10,07 m; volume com casca (C/C) 0,032 m3; 0,104 m3; volume sem casca (S/C) 0,025 m3; 0,095 m3. M. urundeuva apresentou maior densidade básica. O teor de cinzas encontrado para M. urundeuva foi superior. Já os teores de extrativos totais e holocelulose da M. urundeuva e da L. leucocephala foram semelhantes. A L. leucocephala obteve maior teor de lignina total e poder calorífico superior. Portanto, as duas espécies apresentaram boas características físicas, químicas e energéticas.
Crescimento e Nutrição de Angico e Canafístula sob Calagem e Gessagem
Authors: Vargas Giovanno de , Marques Renato
Published: April 2017

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação de calcário e gesso sobre o crescimento e nutrição de leguminosas arbóreas. Os tratamentos consistiram em 5 doses de calcário, 1 de gesso e tratamento testemunha, com 5 repetições cada. Foram utilizadas as espécies angico (Anadanthera colubrina) e canafístula (Senna multijuga), sendo o experimento conduzido em casa de vegetação. Foram avaliadas pelo período de 7 meses as variáveis altura e diâmetro, biomassa, composição química das plantas e número e massa seca dos nódulos nas raízes. O calcário aumentou o pH e o teor de Ca2+ e Mg2+ no solo, além de neutralizar o Al. Para o angico, o valor de saturação por bases de 50% promoveu maior crescimento e, para canafístula, foi de 20%. Teores nutricionais nas folhas das duas espécies seguiram ordem de concentração N > Ca > Mg > K > P. Não foram observadas correlações entre crescimento das plantas e teores foliares dos nutrientes.
Biomassa, Carbono e Nitrogênio na Serapilheira Acumulada de Florestas Plantadas e Nativa
Authors: Barbosa Verilma , Barreto-Garcia Patrícia , Gama-Rodrigues Emanuela , Paula Alessandro de
Published: April 2017

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os estoques de biomassa, carbono e nitrogênio da serapilheira acumulada em um fragmento de Floresta Estacional Semidecidual Montana e dois plantios florestais puros (um de Pterogyne nitens e outro de Eucalyptus urophylla), no sudoeste da Bahia. As amostragens da serapilheira foram realizadas nos períodos chuvoso e seco. A biomassa da serapilheira acumulada foi superior no povoamento de eucalipto (13,1 Mg.ha–1) e inferior no povoamento de P. nitens (1,5 Mg.ha–1), atingindo valores intermediários na floresta nativa (6,3 Mg.ha–1). Essa mesma sequência foi verificada para os estoques de carbono: 5,6 Mg.ha–1 (eucalipto), 2,7 Mg.ha–1 (floresta nativa) e 0,6 Mg.ha–1 (P. nitens). O povoamento P. nitens apresentou teores de N da serapilheira foliar compatíveis aos da floresta nativa. As maiores diferenças de biomassa, carbono e nitrogênio da serapilheira acumulada entre as estações chuvosa e seca foram verificadas nos povoamentos puros.
Análise de Risco Econômico de Dois Sistemas Produtivos de Carvão Vegetal
Authors: Oliveira Aylson Costa , Pereira Bárbara Luísa Corradi , Salles Thiago Taglialegna , Carneiro Angélica de Cássia Oliveira , Lana Artur Queiroz
Published: April 2017

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a viabilidade econômica da produção de carvão vegetal em sistema fornos-fornalha e fornos do tipo rabo-quente e realizar a simulação de risco de investimento. A análise econômica foi realizada pela determinação de Valor Presente Líquido (VPL), Valor Anual Equivalente (VAE) e Razão Benefício-Custo (B/C). A análise de risco foi realizada pelo método de Monte Carlo. O sistema fornos-fornalha apresentou maior viabilidade econômica. Os indicadores econômicos se mostraram viáveis e a análise de risco indicou probabilidade de os projetos serem inviáveis economicamente de 0,9% e 27,3% para o sistema fornos-fornalha e fornos rabo-quente, respectivamente. Conclui-se que a inclusão da análise de risco nas análises econômicas resulta em maior segurança para inferir sobre os indicadores econômicos.
Estabelecimento de Espécies Florestais Nativas Via Semeadura Direta no Rio Piauitinga - Sergipe
Authors: Jesus Janisson Batista de , Ferreira Robério Anastácio , Gama Dráuzio Correia , Goes João Horácio Almeida de
Published: April 2017

RESUMO A técnica de semeadura direta vem se destacando nos projetos de recuperação florestal pela redução de custos na implantação e tem sido cada vez mais utilizada. Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar a emergência, sobrevivência e estabelecimento de espécies florestais nativas, por meio de sementes em áreas de mata ciliar no Rio Piauitinga, município de Lagarto, SE. As espécies utilizadas foram Libidibia ferrea var. leiostachya (Benth.) L. P. Queiroz, Cassia grandis L. f., Cecropia pachystachya Trec., Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong e Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. O experimento em campo foi implantado em Delineamento em Blocos Casualizados (DBC) com quatro repetições, em esquema fatorial, testando-se as cinco espécies com e sem tratamento para superação de dormência. A semeadura direta mostrou-se uma técnica viável para a área de estudo apenas para as espécies L. ferrea var. leiostachya, E. contortisiliquum e Cassia grandis, utilizando-se sementes com e sem dormência.
Os desafios da educação quilombola no Brasil: o território como contexto e texto
Authors: CARRIL LOURDES DE FÁTIMA BEZERRA
Published: April 2017

RESUMO O reconhecimento legal dos quilombos no Brasil representa um marco histórico na visibilidade das diferenças étnicas e culturais da sociedade. O mito da democracia racial escondeu as dores da escravidão causando lesões nas identidades afrodescendentes. Analisando a luta pelo reconhecimento, percebe-se a necessidade de ampliação dos direitos, como é o da educação quilombola. Os desafios são grandes, sendo necessário modificar a cultura escolar, que exclui a diversidade. Na representação quilombola, não é o passado que retorna. É o presente que faz aflorar a história e a ancestralidade dentro das experiências que levam à organização social. Propostas educacionais que partam da etnicidade e da cultura podem abarcar o contexto e o texto territorial. Os quilombolas trazem o território que fala, por meio da história oral, possibilitando uma escuta desses significados.
Teamwork: relevance and interdependence of interprofessional education
Authors: Tamayo M , Besoaín-Saldaña A , Aguirre M , Leiva J
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE Determine the perception of university students regarding interprofessional and interdependent work between team members in their inclusion in primary care. METHODS Analytical cross-sectional study. The sampling had a probabilistic, stratified random type with 95% confidence and 5% margin of error. Seven-hundred and four students of Public Universities in Santiago (Chile) answered self-administered questionnaire. RESULTS Ninety-seven point eight of students say that interprofessional work is important; 27.1% of them declare that their university did not seem to show that their study plans were important. The professionals listed as most important in teams are physicians and nurses. CONCLUSIONS Spaces for development and institutional support are key elements to promote interprofessional work. If this competence can involve each academic unit in their different formative spaces there will be a significant contribution to said promotion. Teamwork is a pending task.
Structural behaviour of reinforced concrete beams containing crumb rubber and steel fibres
Authors: Ismail Mohamed K. , Hassan Assem A. A. , Hussein Amgad A.
Published: April 2017

This paper presents experimental work to investigate the strength and cracking characteristics of optimised self-consolidating and vibrated rubberised concrete mixtures with/without steel fibres (SFs) using large-scale reinforced concrete beams. The test beams were cast with varying percentages of crumb rubber (CR) (0 to 35%), SF volume fractions (0, 0·35 and 1%) and SF lengths (35 and 60 mm). The performance of some design codes and published empirical equations was evaluated in predicting the shear capacity and first cracking moment of the tested beams. The results showed that the inclusion of SFs could alleviate the reduction in the shear capacity and first cracking moment that resulted from the addition of CR. In addition, combining CR and SFs contributed to developing sustainable concrete beams with high deformability, reduced self-weight and improved shear capacity. The composite effect of CR and SFs also helped to narrow the developed cracks and change the failure mode from brittle shear failure into ductile flexural failure, particularly for the SF volume of 1% (35 mm length). Comparisons of the predicted and experimental results indicate that most of the proposed equations can satisfactorily estimate the shear strength, but overestimate the first cracking moment.
Coastal risk mitigation by green infrastructure in Latin America
Authors: Silva Rodolfo , Lithgow Debora , Esteves Luciana S. , Martínez María Luisa , Moreno-Casasola Patricia , Martell Raúl , Pereira Pedro , Mendoza Edgar , Campos-Cascaredo Adolfo , Winckler Grez Patricio , Osorio Andrés F. , Osorio-Cano Juan D. , Rivillas German Daniel
Published: April 2017

This paper aims to highlight the prevailing experiences of Latin America and to clarify what ‘green infrastructure’ entails in addition to describing seven case studies from a range of coastal ecosystems (wetlands, coastal dunes, beaches and coral reefs) at scales varying from local to regional. The case studies are categorised according to their degree of naturalness (nature-based, engineered ecosystems, soft engineering, ecologically enhanced hard infrastructure and de-engineering). Generally, the implementation of green infrastructure projects aims to increase resilience, enhance the provision of ecosystem services, recover biodiversity, reduce the negative effects of hard infrastructure and implement corrective measures. The greatest benefits of these projects relate to the creation of multi-functional spaces, which often combine the above advantages with improved opportunities for recreation and/or economic activities. It is hoped that this paper will disseminate the experience in green infrastructure among academics and practitioners and stimulate wider adoption of green infrastructure projects and good practices.
Relación entre riesgo suicida, autoestima, desesperanza y estilos de socialización parental en estudiantes de bachillerato/ Relations between suicidal risk, self-steem, despair and parental socialization styles in high school students
Authors: Andrade Salazar José Alonso , Gonzáles Portillo Juan
Published: April 2017

Este trabajo es resultado de una investigación empírico-analítica, realizada con un diseño descriptivo-correlacional y de corte-transversal. Su objetivo consistió en describir la relación entre niveles de autoestima, riesgo suicida y estilos de socialización parental, para lo cual se aplicaron: la escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg, la escala de Desesperanza de Beck, Weissman, Lester, y Trexler(1974) y la escala de Socialización Parental ESPA-29. El estudio encontró que la autoestima no se correlaciona de forma importante con el riesgo suicida, y que 6 de cada 10 estudiantes presenta algún tipo de riesgo, que se incrementa cuando los padres son indulgentes o negligentes, y ambos perfiles tienden a la coerción verbal e indiferencia. Otros elementos asociados al riesgo suicidafueron: la aceptación e imposición del dominio parental y un elevado control con afecto negativo, coerciones e imposiciones.
Violencia en contextos escolares: percepción de docentes sobre manifestaciones de violencia en instituciones educativas en Cúcuta-Norte de Santander/ Violence in school settings: perception of teachers on manifestations of violence in educational institut
Authors: Gamboa Suárez Audin Aloiso , Ortíz Gélvez Jairo Alejandro , Muñoz García Pablo Alexander
Published: April 2017

El presente artículo hace parte de una amplia investigación cuantitativa-descriptiva titulada “Violencia en contextos escolares: diagnóstico sobre prevención, intervención y manifestaciones en 47 instituciones educativas en Cúcuta-Norte de Santander”. Se muestran los resultados sobre las percepciones de 823 profesores en torno a manifestaciones de violencia en las instituciones objetode estudio. Se utilizó como instrumento el Cuestionario de Buss y Perry (1992), adaptándose las preguntas con el propósito de fundamentar de manera válida y confiable los resultados obtenidos. Así mismo, se construyó un instrumento con preguntas de opción de respuesta múltiple para complementar la Escala Likert. Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes no solo se agreden entre sí, también se evidencian agresiones entre estos y los docentes.
Manifestaciones de la violencia basada en género en docentes universitarios
Authors: Zambrano Guerrero Christian Alexander , Perugache Rodríguez Adriana Del Pilar , Figueroa Arias José Julián
Published: April 2017

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo comprender el fenómeno de las manifestaciones de la Violencia Basada en Género (VBG) en docentes universitarios. Se siguió una metodología cualitativa con enfoque fenomenológico propositivo. Las técnicas desarrolladas para la recolección de información fueron: grupos focales, observación participante, cuestionarios y talleres de investigación. Los objetivos específicos alcanzados fueron:(a) caracterizar las manifestaciones de VBGen docentes, (b) reconocer las actitudes frente a las manifestaciones de VBGen docentes y, (c) construir con docentes una estrategia orientada a prevenir las manifestaciones de VBG en el contexto universitario. Se concluyó que existen manifestaciones de VBG físicas, sexuales y psicológicas entre la comunidad universitaria, que han permitido consolidar actitudes favorables y desfavorables frente a este tipo de violencia, por lo que resulta importante implementar acciones de intervención en el contexto universitario con el fin de visibilizar la VBG y disminuir sus efectos negativos en toda la población.
The Academia as Profession
Authors: Venter Francois
Published: April 2017

There is an obvious conceptual link between the words "professor" and "profession". May one however assume that being a professor entails belonging to a profession, an academic profession? One may have various motives for entering into and staying in the academy, eg the advantage of progression one the basis of one's own, independent efforts, earning a good salary and following one's calling to expend the energy and abilities one receives in life sensibly. Professors are expected to be (at least) adequate teachers; they are required to have and maintain specialised knowledge of their field and to generate new knowledge by means of the production and dissemination of original research results. Insofar as professions are characterised by their members having specialised knowledge or skills, performing specialised services, are bound by ethical codes and holding an acknowledged social status often expressed in titles, there should therefore not be any doubt as to the existence of an academic profession distinct from other professions (especially those related to the field of scholarship concerned). Practising academics should work towards the active acknowledgment by all of the professionalism of the professorial institution.
The Enforcement of the Payment of Lobolo and its Impact On Children’s Rights in South Africa
Authors: Ngema Nqobizwe Mvelo
Published: April 2017

Various communities in South Africa practise the custom of lobolo (payment in kind or cash by a prospective husband or the head of his family to the head of the prospective wife’s family in consideration of a customary marriage). These communities may be divided into two groups, those practicing theleka (the withholding of a wife by her father or guardian from her husband to coerce him to pay the outstanding lobolo) and those that do not. In the communities practising theleka the amount of lobolo is not fixed and the father or guardian of the wife may from time to time theleka the wife and demand one to three head of cattle from his son-in-law. The wife and her children, if there are any, may be held by their maternal grandfather until the payment of lobolo has been met. The main issue this article examines is whether the custom of theleka impacts on the custody of children or not. It also examines the concept of the best interests of the child and finds that theleka custom in its current form does impact on the custody of the child and conflicts with the child’s best interests. The article suggests that theleka custom needs to be developed to conform to the Constitution. It also examines whether or not the custom of theleka constitutes abduction and family violence. The writer submits that it does not constitute abduction and family violence and advocates that theleka custom be allowed to continue.
A Historical Overview of the Regulation of Market Abuse in South Africa
Authors: Chitimira Howard
Published: April 2017

In an early attempt to combat market abuse in the South African financial markets, legislation such as the Companies Act, the Financial Markets Control Act and the Stock Exchanges Control Act were enacted. However, these Acts failed to effectively curb market abuse activities that were allegedly rife in the financial markets. Consequently, the Insider Trading Act was enacted and came into effect on 17 January 1999. While the introduction of the Insider Trading Act brought some confidence in the financial markets, market abuse activities were still not extinguished. The provisions of the Insider Trading Act were to some extent inadequate and ineffectively implemented. Eventually, the Securities Services Act was enacted to repeal all the flawed provisions of the Insider Trading Act. Notwithstanding these efforts on the part of the legislature, more may still need to be done to increase the number of convictions and settlements in cases involving market abuse in South Africa. It is against this background that a historical overview analysis of the regulation of market abuse is carried out in this article to expose the flaws that were previously embedded in the South African market abuse laws prior to 2004. This is done to raise awareness of the situation on the part of the relevant stakeholders, as they consider whether such flaws were adequately resolved or subsequently re-introduced under the Securities Services Act and the Financial Markets Act. To this end, the article firstly discusses the historical development and regulation of market manipulation prior to 2004. Secondly, the regulation and enforcement of insider trading legislation prior to 2004 are examined. Moreover, where possible, certain flaws of the previous market abuse laws that were re-incorporated into the current South African market abuse legislation are isolated and recommendations are made in that regard.