bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Effect of Reduced Corporate Income Tax Implementation on Employment in Turkey
Authors: Aksoy Elyasa
Published: June 2024

This paper investigates the effect of regional differences in corporate income tax reduction rates on employment within the scope of the reduced corporate income tax implementation put into effect in 2009. The implementation aims to encourage and increase investments, production, employment, and large-scale investments to increase international competitiveness, foreign direct investment and support Research and Development (R&D) activities, and eliminate regional development differences by reducing corporate income tax rates by region. This paper focuses on employment outcome in particular. The analysis relies on the "TurkStat Household Labor Force Survey Micro Dataset" in 2004-2021 for Turkey. Difference in Differences (DID) and Difference in Differences with Propensity Score Matching (DID-PSM) methods were used in the impact analysis of the tax policy discussed in the study. We employ DID and DID-PSM methods, designating respondents in regions with the highest corporate income tax reduction rates as treated subjects, and those with the lowest corporate income tax reduction rates as control subjects. The effects of regional differences in corporate income tax reduction rates on employment have been empirically demonstrated. The findings show that the regional differences in corporate income tax reduction rates on employment significantly and positively affect employment.
Corporate Governance of Banks, The Key for Trust: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Gurol Burcu , Sultanoğlu Banu , Özparlak Gerçek
Published: June 2024

Corporate governance aims to create a transparent, fair, accountable, and responsible management environment for all stakeholders. Due to the significant role of banks in the economy, corporate governance in banks is indispensable for establishing trust, which is crucial for them to survive. Albeit numerous bibliometric analyses have been found solely on banks or corporate governance, there needs to be more bibliometric analysis on the corporate governance of banks. Thus, this study aims to explore the research works of corporate governance, particularly of banks, by conducting a bibliometric analysis from 2003 to 2022. The results show that the interest in corporate governance in banks increased, especially after the 2008 financial crisis, and the studies focused on the board structure-bank performance and board structure-risk appetite relations. Additionally, corporate governance has emerged as an essential topic in Islamic banking since the 2010s.
Comparative Performance Measurement in the Full Electric Vehicle Market
Authors: Aydın Üzeyir , Ural Mert , Demireli Erhan
Published: June 2024

In this study, Entropy, WASPAS and MOORA methods, which are multi-criteria decision-making techniques, are used to measure the performance of the best-selling full electric cars in Türkiye as of October 2023 by the Automotive Distributors and Mobility Association using 12 different criteria. The weights of the criteria were calculated with the Entropy method. Then, the electric cars were ranked by evaluating their performance with the WASPAS and MOORA-based methods. In the study, it was concluded that the top three criteria with the highest weights were power (HP), fast charging time and battery capacity, while the top three highest performing electric cars were TOGG T10X V2 Long Range, Volvo XC40 RWD (Single Motor) and Tesla Y Long Range RWD (4x2).
Syrian Asylum Seekers as Political Factors and Their Effects on Local Politics
Authors: Börklüoğlu Levent , Şahin Ali Utku
Published: June 2024

The influx to Turkey amidst the 2011 Syrian civil war has significantly affected the Syrian and Turkish communities socially and economically. It can be claimed that this major Syrian existence among Turkish society, has the potential to be a factor, especially in local politics and the political choices of Turkish citizens. The study focuses on 12 provinces of Turkey where the ratio of Syrian asylum seekers to the population of the province is the highest in Turkey. The main subject of this study is the function of Syrian asylum seekers in structuring Turkey’s local politics. Within this context and based on the last two local elections in Turkey, election manifests and speeches of political parties and mayoral candidates are analyzed on the axis of Syrian asylum seekers. Also, the distinctive role of the presence of Syrian asylum seekers and political discourse about them in the political choices of Turkish voters is presented argumentatively. In this study, data obtained through content analysis is analyzed within a comparative framework, and in consequence, the functions of Syrian asylum seekers as political factors in structuring local politics are evaluated.
Civil Society Experiences of Migrants Under International Protection and Temporary Protection: The Case of Türkiye
Authors: Ateş Mehmet , Zubaroğlu Yanardağ Melek
Published: June 2024

In the context of irregular migration waves to Türkiye, in addition to the basic needs of migrants, their needs for representation and self-advocacy have also come to the fore. This situation has led to an increase in the number of civil society organizations established by migrants. The main purpose of this research is to examine the experiences of the migrants in civil society and to reveal how they engage in activities and practices, especially in terms of solidarity and self-advocacy. Within the scope of this qualitative study conducted within the framework of the phenomenological approach, interviews were conducted with 32 immigrants involved in migrant civil society organizations using an in-depth interview technique through a semi-structured interview form. In line with the interviews; it was seen that civil society organizations enable migrant individuals to participate effectively in social life and benefit from rights and services. In addition, it can be said that it is at an important point in terms of protecting social health by enabling individuals to interact with their environment and to be in a state of social well-being. On the other hand, it has been revealed that non-governmental organizations act as implementers of the services provided by public institutions and organizations or as a bridge for the services provided to reach individuals. In line with the findings of the research, it is aimed to ground the relationship between migration and NGOs and to contribute to the development of this field in the future.
The Impact of Firms' Carbon Emissions on Financial Performance and the Role of Innovation: Evidence from Türkiye
Authors: Aydıngülü Sakalsız Seren , Özçelik Musa
Published: June 2024

Carbon emissions, one of the main causes of climate change and environmental degradation, have recently become extremely important. In parallel, firms' disclosure of their environmental performance and activities to reduce carbon emissions are viewed positively by stakeholders and society. The question arises whether firms' activities to reduce carbon emissions create additional costs for firms or reduce their costs. In this study, we investigate the relationship between carbon emissions and firms' financial performance. We also examine the moderating effect of innovation on the relationship between carbon emissions and financial performance. The lack of a study on developing countries reveals the importance of this study. Within the scope of the analysis, 14 firms in the BIST Sustainability Index with carbon emissions and innovation data between 2017-2021 were included. Using the random effects model, we find that carbon emissions have a negative effect on firms' return on assets and return on equity, and this negative effect turns positive with innovation. On the other hand, no statistically significant effect was found between Tobin's q value and carbon emissions and innovation. The study shows that firms should adopt proactive environmental strategies and organize their resources and investments to manage their financial performance well.
The Effect of Perceived Management Skills on Trust in Supervisors: The Mediating Role of Supervisor Support
Authors: Altıntaş Mustafa , Palabıyık Nida , Yıkılmaz İbrahim
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study is to determine the mediating role of supervisor support in the effect of management skills perceived by employees on the level of trust in supervisors. The sample of the study, in which quantitative research design was adopted, consists of employees in small and medium-sized enterprises operating in Kırşehir. Data were collected from 417 people reached by convenience sampling method through online survey. Smart-PLS statistical program was preferred to analyze the collected data. In line with the results obtained from the research, it was concluded that supervisor support has a partial mediating role in the effect of management skills on the level of trust in supervisors. Based on the research findings, it can be said that perceptions of management skills should be improved to increase trust in supervisors. In addition, it should be taken into consideration that perceptions of supervisor support will also be effective in this process.
Multidimensional Performance Evaluation Using the Hybrid MCDM Method: A Case Study in the Turkish Non-Life Insurance Sector
Authors: Taşcı Mehmet Zafer
Published: June 2024

The aim of this study is to assess and rank the financial and service network performance of seven Turkish non-life insurance companies from 2018 to 2022 using the ENTROPY- MEREC - MACONT decision model. The study evaluates multidimensional firm performance based on selected performance indicators. The weights of these indicators were determined using ENTROPY and MEREC (method based on the removal effects of criteria) procedures. The MACONT (mixed aggregation by comprehensive normalization technique) procedure is used to obtain the multidimensional performance ranking of non-life insurance companies over time. The results of the MEREC and ENTROPY procedures indicate that the number of agencies, asset size, technical profit, and return on assets are generally effective criteria for the multidimensional performance of non-life insurance companies. The MACONT ranking results show that company IC2 had the best multidimensional performance during the analysis period. The validity and consistency of the results of the proposed decision model were tested using various sensitivity analyses.
Model Delone & Mclean pada Evaluasi Kesuksesan Perpustakaan Digital Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 2 Kutai Kartanegara
Authors: Nadya Puspita Sari  , Putut Pamilih Widagdo  , Vina Zahrotun Kamilia
Published: June 2024

Perpustakaan digital sangat penting digunakan sebagai tempat menyediakan buku dan informasi yang dapat diakses melalui jaringan internet untuk memberikan kemudahan siswa/siswi di MAN 2 Kutai Kartanegara dalam proses menjunjung layanan dan pembelajaran. Proses untuk mengetahui evaluasi kesuksesan perpustakaan digital dianalisis menggunakan model Delone and McLean dengan variabel kualitas informasi, kualitas sistem, kualitas layanan, kepuasan pengguna, penggunaan, kepercayaan, dan manfaat bersih. Total responden yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 250 responden. Metode analisis dan validitas data pada penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Partial Least Squares (PLS) menggunakan software SmartPLS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh dari 5 faktor, yang terdiri dari kualitas informasi (KI), penggunaan (P), kepuasan pengguna (KP), kepercayaan (K) dan manfaat bersih (MB). kelima faktor tersebut terbukti dapat mempengaruhi secara signifikan terhadap kesuksesan penerapan perpustakaan digital pada MAN 2 Kutai Kartanegara. Penelitian ini terdapat 12 hipotesis dengan hasil 7 hipotesis diterima  sedangkan 5 hipotesis ditolak yaitu jalur variabel kualitas layanan terhadap kepuasan pengguna, jalur variabel kualitas layanan terhadap penggunaan, jalur variabel kualitas sistem terhadap kepercayaan, jalur variabel kualitas sistem terhadap kepuasan pengguna, dan  jalur variabel kualitas sistem terhadap penggunaan. Hipotesis yang ditolak karena tidak memenuhi standar nilai koefisien jalur dengan nilai T-statistic kurang dari 1,96 dan P-value lebih besar dari 0.05
Manajemen Proyek Sistem Informasi Reservasi Servis Kendaraan
Authors: Azahra Kaila , Yahfizham
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan aplikasi reservasi servis kendaraan berbasis web untuk mengatasi reservasi manual. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode waterfall. Yang dimana metode ini digunakan untuk pengembangan sistem. Dengan menggunakan Use Case dan Class Diagram untuk perancangan sistem. Hasilnya adalah tampilan login, register, dashboard, kategori, golongan, dan pelanggan. Aplikasi ini diharapkan meningkatkan efisiensi dan mengurangi antrean di bengkel, memberikan pelayanan yang lebih baik kepada pelanggan.
Implementasi Business Intelligence Dalam Analisa Penjualan Mobil Mitsubishi Menggunakan Visualisasi Data
Authors: Ramadhani Yuvanda , Dyna Marisa Khairina  , Septya Maharani
Published: June 2024

Menggunakan data produk perusahaan untuk bisnis memiliki peran sangat penting dalam membuat keputusan dalam sebuah perusahaan. Kecepatan dan ketepatan pengolahan data produk berpengaruh dalam pencarian informasi yang digunakan untuk pengambilan keputusan di perusahaan, membuat perusahaan mampu menanggulangi dan menghindari tingkat kerugian yang tinggi. Pada penelitian ini memiliki tujuan yaitu, untuk mengimplementasikan Business Intelligence dalam mengolah data penjualan mobil Mistsubishi tahun 2020 sampai 2021 dengan visualisasi data menggunakan aplikasi tableau untuk mengetahui kualitas dan kuantitas penjualan sehingga menghasilkan saran strategi bisnis baru bagi perusahaan. Business Intelligence (BI) merupakan sebuah teknologi yang terdiri atas teori, metodologi, arsitektur, dan proses untuk mengelola sebuah data menjadi informasi yang memiliki nilai bisnis. Hasil penilitian yang dihasilkan merupakan dashboard visualisasi data menggunakan aplikasi tableau. Berdasarkan informasi dari dashboard visualisasi data yang dihasilkan bahwa penjualan produk Mitsubishi pada tahun 2021 mengalami kenaikan cukup signifikan dan rendahnya penjualan produk Mitsubishi pada tahun 2020 disebabkan oleh salah satu faktor yaitu pandemi Covid-19 yang melanda Indonesia mengakibatkan ekonomi menurun. Saran strategi bisnis yang dapat dihasilkan dari informasi dashboard visualisasi data tersebut yaitu meningkatkan kuantitas beberapa type model dan penambahan fitur keamanan pada setiap type model pada produk Mitsubishi.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI JADWAL KEGIATAN PEGAWAI PADA PT. BANK MUAMALAT CABANG MEDAN BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Armansyah Armansyah , Hidayat Muhammad Ferry
Published: June 2024

Sistem informasi merupakan sebuah inovasi teknologi informasi yang terdapat kegiatan input data,pengolahan data dan menampilkan hasil keluaran dengan tujuan membantu memberikan informasi yang tepat dan akurat kepada pengguna sistem tersebut.Sistem informasi jadwal kegiatan pegawai merupakan salah satu elemen pendukung dalam sebuah perusahaan untuk membantu mempermudah pegawai dalam mengetahui kegiatan perusahaan secara keseluruhan.Dengan dukungan sistem informasi yang diimplementasikan pada PT.Bank Muamalat cabang Medan ini, penjadwalan yang sebelumnya dikendalikan secara manual dapat menjadi sistem pengoperasian yang lebih efisien, efektif dan mudah digunakan oleh admin dan semua pegawai.Sistem Informasi ini dirancang dengan berbasis Web sebagai media untuk informasi kepada seluruh pegawai,Bahasa Pemrograman yang digunakan adalah HTML, PHP, CSS dan MySQL sebagai database.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah merancang sebuah sistem informasi untuk memudahkan pegawai dalam mengetahui kegiatan perusahaan yang akan dilaksanakan oleh perusahaan secara keseluruhan.
Analysis of the effectiveness of different schemes of supportive therapy in the prophylaxis of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity
Authors: COSTA Vítor Henrique , ROTTA Inajara , SOUZA Gisele Paula , COELHO Letícia Mastrangelo , CARLOTTO Juliane
Published: June 2024

Objective: To evaluate, in the scenario of rapid infusion, the effectiveness of the different regimens of supportive therapy employed in the prevention of nephrotoxicity and electrolyte depletion induced by cisplatin (CDDP). Methods: Data from patients who used CDDP weekly (30 to 40mg/m2) with an infusion time of 60-120 minutes were analyzed. The regimens evaluated were: saline solution (A), saline solution and mannitol (B), saline solution and magnesium (C) and saline solution with mannitol and magnesium (D). The following laboratory parameters were evaluated: creatinine (Cr), magnesium (Mg) sodium (Na) and potassium (K), and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). They were subsequently compiled in Microsoft Office Excel® and analyzed in Software R, using with analysis by means of descriptive statistics, developed in accordance with the recommendations of Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement. Results: The study population evaluated were 46 patients, who received 218 infusions of CDDP. It was observed that schemes A and B had a progressive decrease in Mg. Scheme B had decreased levels of K, Cr and increased Na. In the individual analysis of each cycle, the different schemes of supportive therapy in rapid infusion were equally effective in preventing nephrotoxicity and electrolyte depletion. The schemes used were evaluated for throughout CDDP administrations, the regimen C and D demonstrated efficacy in maintaining renal function throughout multiple administration of CDDP. Conclusion: In the analysis of cumulative doses, regimen C proved to be effective in preserving renal function throughout CDDP administrations. In the individual analysis of each cycle, regardless of the number of times CDDP was administered, protocols C and D, which contained Mg supplementation associated or not with mannitol, were equally effective in preventing nephrotoxicity.
La crisis actual en el Mar Rojo y sus implicancias en el comercio marítimo internacional
Authors: Bonfanti Fernando
Published: June 2024

Desde el pasado mes de noviembre de 2023, los hutíes, grupo rebelde que ocupa la región occidental de Yemen, vienen perpetrando ataques a diferentes buques comerciales que navegan por el Mar Rojo, pero sobre todo a aquellos que lo hacen en cercanías del estrecho Bab el-Mandeb, como represalia a la invasión de Israel en la Franja de Gaza.
El objetivo de este artículo es indagar sobre la importancia geopolítica y geoestratégica del Mar Rojo, al mismo tiempo que se pretenden determinar los actores que intervienen en este conflicto e identificar algunas de las consecuencias que esta actual coyuntura genera en el comercio marítimo.
Metodológicamente se corresponde con un trabajo de carácter exploratorio y descriptivo, en el cual se pueden advertir las consecuencias de esta crisis en la vinculación comercial Asia-Europa, fundamentalmente en los sectores energético e industrial.
CARACTERÍSTICAS EMPREENDEDORAS DE ENFERMEIROS NA REGIÃO SUL DO BRASIL: DESAFIOS E REFLEXÕES
Authors: Quadros Alexander , De Oliveira Juliano , Capellari Claudia , Carollo Fernandes Morgana Thaís
Published: June 2024

RESUMO
Introdução: O empreendedorismo na enfermagem é uma importante ferramenta para ampliação do conhecimento, visibilidade da profissão e consolidação da ciência, tecnologia e inovação em diversos campos de atuação. Esses avanços vêm ganhando maior visibilidade, conhecimento e desenvolvimento profissional aos enfermeiros. Objetivo: Conhecer o perfil de enfermeiros empreendedores em diversas áreas do cuidado. Metodologia: Pesquisa de cunho descritivo, exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa realizada por meio de um questionário sociodemográfico/econômico e uma entrevista semiestruturada aplicada com enfermeiros empreendedores na região sul do Brasil. Resultados: As análises evidenciaram cinco categorias temáticas: definição de empreendedorismo e motivações; áreas de atuação do enfermeiro empreendedor; competências e habilidades do enfermeiro para empreender; desafios para a formação do enfermeiro empreendedor; dificuldades e potencialidades para ser enfermeiro empreendedor. Conclusão: Compreende-se que o empreendedorismo é uma forma de maior liberdade, autonomia e valorização, capaz de suprir necessidades do mercado, mas que encontra desafios que perpassam desde a formação do enfermeiro a cultura do empreendedorismo pelos profissionais.
Palavras-chave: Enfermagem; Empreendedorismo; Enfermagem no consultório;; Serviço de Saúde.
Compositional and shelf-life analysis of developed instant Indian recipe chilla mix from hull-less barley: A convenience food product
Authors: Sarita  , Deepika  , Kumari Anita , Kumar Sandeep , Singh Surender , Singh Charan
Published: June 2024

Barley has a rich nutritional and therapeutic profile. In an era of life-style based silent pandemics, the need to bring on table the convenient food products with sensory and nutritional acceptability is necessary. Hence, the present study aimed to develop an instant chilla mix from a novel hull-less variety of barley (Hordeum vulgare) (PL891). Various random combinations of composite flour (barley flour (BF), rice flour (RF) and gram flour (GF)) were prepared namely T1 (100:00:00), T2 (70:15:15), T3 (60:30:10), T4 (33:33:33), and T5 (00:00:100). Other ingredients such as onion, tomato, ginger, garlic, coriander, and chilli were also added. Nutritional and sensory parameters at fresh, three, six and nine month of storage interval were also analyzed. The assessed parameters (%) were reported as moisture (6.91±0.02 to 10.21±0.09), ash (2.11±0.05 to 3.10±0.02), protein (7.59±0.05 to 24.50±0.06), fat (1.50±0.02 to 6.10±0.04), crude fiber (1.08±0.02 to 2.87±0.02), and total carbohydrates (58.21±0.10 to 75.27±0.07). All the blends varied significantly (p≥0.05) during storage in terms of moisture, protein, fat, crude fiber, and carbohydrates, while a non-significant difference was noted in ash for all the treatments. Blending also affected the nutrient content of all the treatments significantly (P ≤ 0.05) depending upon the ratio of blending and composition of various ingredients in the product. The sensory attributes indicated that T2 blend with 70% PL891 hull-less barley flour was most acceptable. The developed product will be a nutritious substitute for chapati as barley is rich in numerous nutrients and have therapeutic potentials.
Exploring marine-derived bioactives for innovative cosmeceutical applications: A review
Authors: Nimisha  , Singh Abhishek
Published: June 2024

The cosmetic industry has experienced remarkable growth in the past decade, witnessing a significant expansion in current market presence and economic impact. Evolving beyond traditional beauty products, the industry has introduced innovative concepts, leading to the emergence of terms such as "cosmeceuticals" to describe products that enhance appearance and offer health benefits. Natural product-based cosmeceuticals, perceived as safe, have garnered considerable attention from the public and research fraternity. Marine resources have unique chemicals and biological qualities that can not be found in terrestrial resources. The demand for cosmeceuticals derived from marine sources has recently increased drastically. This review emphasizes novel chemical molecules derived from marine natural resources, exploring their cosmeceutical potential and elucidating the mechanisms of action (MOA) through which these compounds impact bodily functions and confer associated health benefits. Marine settings hosting a rich biodiversity repository harbor physiologically active chemicals with untapped potential for cosmeceutical and medicinal applications. Marine organisms in cosmetic formulations offer diverse bioactive molecules beyond their conventional use as renewable bulk compounds (e.g., carrageenan and agar). These molecules, such as anti-tyrosinase agents (e.g., kojic acid), antiacne compounds (e.g., sargafuran), Ultraviolet (UV) protectants (e.g., scytonemin, mycosporine-like amino acids), antioxidants, and antiwrinkle agents (e.g., astaxanthin and polyunsaturated fatty acids), play crucial roles as active ingredients in cosmeceuticals. This comprehensive exploration underscores the potential of marine-derived bioactives in shaping the next generation of innovative cosmeceutical formulations, offering a sustainable and effective approach to skincare and beauty.
Aerial photo database model of Indonesia's national territory in a Geospatial intelligence perspective
Authors: Setiawan Sony , Supriyadi Asep Adang , Widodo Pujo , Navalino Djoko Andreas
Published: June 2024

The National Aerial Photo Database is a collection of aerial photographs obtained through aerial photography using specific cameras or sensors with manned or unmanned aerial vehicles across the territory of the Republic of Indonesia. These photographs are stored in a computer system for easy access, management, and updating. No national aerial photo database system currently meets the need for accurate and complete aerial photos and other geospatial information to support decision-making. The present study aimed to develop a model for the National Aerial Photo Database from a geospatial intelligence perspective based on statutory regulations. The collection of aerial photo data in a centralized database commenced with scanning negative film based on location and flight paths and copying all digital data. The original negative films were scanned at 20 μm resolution in a Vexcel Ultrascan 5000 photogrammetry scanner. The resulting size of one scanned photo is 140 Mb to 160 Mb.  This research adopts a qualitative research method with a case study approach. This research involved the electronic implementation of geospatial data and information by utilizing Geographic Information System (GIS) software, image and geospatial information data management, and the Scrum framework. This research concluded that geospatial intelligence efforts can better understand activity patterns, infrastructure development, and potential threats in the national territory. The insights gained from the aerial photo database aid in identifying trends, detecting anomalies, and assessing risks, all of which are critical for better decision-making in national security.
Delineation of groundwater potential zones in the hilly topographic region of Serchhip, Mizoram, using Geospatial and analytical hierarchy process
Authors: Lalngaihawma Joseph , Lawmchullova Imanuel , Saitluanga Benjamin L. , Rao Ch. Udaya Bhaskara
Published: June 2024

Groundwater is the most important source of freshwater next to the surface water. Delineation of groundwater potential is critically essential, particularly in hilly complex topographic regions, where the surface water dries up during the dry season. The present study aimed to delineate groundwater potential areas to address the issue of water scarcity in the Serchhip district, Mizoram. The integration of different thematic layers such as lithology, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), rainfall, slope, soil texture, geomorphology, drainage density, lineament density and Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), the groundwater potential zone layers was prepared by Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The groundwater potential zones (GWPZ) were classified into five: poor, fair, moderate, good, and excellent. The study revealed that the moderate-good zone occupied about 79.27 % (1126.77 km2), and the fair zone covered an area of about 9.52 % (135.3 km²), while the poor area was only 5.30 % (75.3 km²) out of the total study area (1421.5 km2). The demarcation of groundwater potential zones in Serchhip, Mizoram, served to combat water scarcity in mountainous areas. The amalgamation of geospatial data and AHP methodologies offered pivotal insights for the sustainable management of water resources, facilitating informed decision-making and conservation endeavours amidst the challenges posed by climate fluctuations and population expansion.
A review on pharmaceutical and environmental applications of guava (Psidium guajava) leaves
Authors: Mohapatra Anjali , Nandal Vandana , Solanki Manu , Pathak Vinayak Vandan
Published: June 2024

Psidium guajava (Guava) is a commonly cultivated fruit in tropical regions that has been long recognized for its therapeutic applications. The leaves host diverse bioactive compounds, including phenols, flavonoids, terpenoids like gallic acid, and water-soluble tannins. This intricate chemical profile, particularly gallic acid, imparts the leaves with remarkable inhibitory effects against various pathogens, including bacteria and fungi. Compounds such as pyrocatechol, taxifolin, psiguadials, guaijaverin, and avicularin, among others, contribute to their hypoglycemic, antioxidant, anticancer, and antidiarrheal effects, showcasing the leaves' multifaceted therapeutic potential. Apart from having therapeutic potential, guava leaves have also been implicated in adsorbing heavy metals such as zinc, cadmium, arsenic, lead, iron, and chromium, as well as dyes such as methylene blue, congo red, brilliant green, amaranth, auramine, nile blue and photocatalytic dyes from contaminated water sources owing to their porous structure and presence of functional groups. The leaves contain compounds acting as natural coagulants and adsorbents, aiding in flocculation, sedimentation, and removal of impurities. This review aims to provide an overview of the phytochemical profile of guava leaves and further discusses its potential as a therapeutic drug and bioremediation targeting heavy metals and dyes. This eco-friendly approach offers numerous advantages, including affordability, accessibility, and biodegradability, thereby reducing reliance on synthetic adsorbents and promoting sustainability. This amalgamation of traditional medicinal significance with innovative environmental applications underscores the inherent potential of guava leaves as a sustainable and versatile botanical resource. Moreover, the various ongoing studies and the diverse properties of guava discussed herein may serve as a guide for the discovery of new pharmaceutics by the scientific fraternity.
Variation among cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) genotypes for storage root yield, yield components and response to cassava mosaic disease at the advanced breeding stage
Authors: Mahamane Abdoul-Razak O. , Olasanmi Bunmi , Oluwadamilola Udemba I. , Mbanjo Edwige G. N.
Published: June 2024

Cassava is a crucial starchy root crop cultivated worldwide in tropical and subtropical areas. Efforts have been made to improve its desirable characteristics to increase food and nutritional quality. However, the adoption of new cassava varieties can be influenced by their yield performance, which can be affected by cassava mosaic disease (CMD). The present study evaluated selected cassava genotypes' performance across two years at the advanced breeding stage. Using a randomized complete block design with two replications, 16 genotypes, a yellow root variety (TMS07/0593) and a white root (TMS30572) as checks were evaluated for yield, yield-related traits and response to CMD. There were highly significant (P < 0.001) variations among the cassava genotypes for yield-related traits, but no genetic variation was reported for fresh and dry root yields. The effect of season and genotypes × season interaction on all traits was significant only for harvest index and percentage of survival plants, respectively. Only genotype UIC-17-2428 and the two national check varieties (TMS07/0593 and TMS30572) did not resist CMD completely. At harvest, genotype UIC-17-2031 had the highest fresh root yield (39.0 t/ha), dry root yield (10.5 t/ha), and harvest index (0.63). Genotype UIC-17-58 had the highest dry matter content (37.2%) at harvesting, followed by UIC-17-46 (36.4%) while genotype UIC-17-583 had the lowest value (22.8%). The genotypes evaluated have promising premium agronomic traits. To assess their stability, genotypes with outstanding dry root yield must be evaluated across multiple environments.
Anticancer activity of pyoverdine (PVD) producing by antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn and wound infections
Authors: Jassim Yazi Abdullah , Aniz Eman Hamid Sadiq
Published: June 2024

Pseudomonas aeruginosa can cause diseases and multidrug resistance. It can produce many pigments, such as pyoverdine, which has anticancer properties. Cancer is still a major issue in medical science. Therefore, this study aimed to use highly efficient alternative treatments, such as pyoverdine. One hundred fifty samples of burns and wounds were collected from patients hospitalized in BabylIt hospitals. All the isolates were cultivated on various media to identify all specimens, including blood agar, MacConkey agar, and cetrimid agar. The isolates were tested for antibiotic susceptibility. P. aeruginosa was cultured in Luria-Bertani (LB) medium to stimulate its production of PDV. Congo red method and microtiter plate were used to determine biofilm production. The findings showed 50 isolates of P. aeruginosa were dispersed among patients, 35/50 (70%) burns and 15/50 (30%) wound infections and only four of the 50 isolates produced PVD.  P. aeruginosa was examined against 17 common antibiotics(Aztreonam, Ceftazidime, Cefepime, Cefriaxone, Piperacillin_ tazobactam, Piperacillin, Gentamicin, Tobramycin, Netilmicin, Amikacin, Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin, Gatifloxacin, Levofloxacin, Imipenem, Doripenem, Meropenem)and the majority of isolates exhibited MDR. By using the Congo red method out of 50, 4(8%)  isolates gave a positive ability to form biofilm as a qualitative method. Among 4 isolates, ps1 and ps4 were more productive, so it was tested to complete the study. PVD had anticancer activity against two types of cell lines: Lung cancer cells (A549) with inhibition range from 31.800in 400 µg/ml to 7.200 %in 25 µg/ml and skin cancer cells (A375) with cell vitality range from 55.600in 400 µg/ml to 8.533% in 25 µg/ml.
A case-control study unravelling the prognostic significance of oxidative markers in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients
Authors: Mishra Mridula , Samant Parineeta M , Patil Shaifali
Published: June 2024

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrinological disorders in female. Reproductive organ is a metabolically active organ; hence reactive oxygen species (ROS) are inevitably generated during the physiological process. Studies have suggested that OS may affect female fertility by reproductive impairment, leading to alter ovulation patterns, oocyte maturation and steroidogenesis in women with PCOS. Thus, the present study aimed to assess the oxidative status of diagnosed PCOS women. Based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, 100 Subjects (Group – 1 PCOS N=50 , Group-2 Controls N=50) were enrolled with their written informed consent. Blood samples were collected in aseptic conditions for the estimation of hormonal parameters (Testosterone) and oxidative stress markers (MDA, SOD, Catalase, GSH, GSSG). The statistical analysis of data indicated significant elevated level of MDA, SOD, GSSG (5.21 vs 1.52  ;  248.15 vs166.15; 11.38 vs 4.37), while decreased level of catalase and GSH (37.57 vs 78.2; 84.09 vs 121.7) was observed in PCOS cases when compared to controls.  The linear regression model showed significant R2 values for MDA, SOD and GSSG . Further ROC curve was plotted for MDA, SOD and GSSG to estimate the sensitivity of these predictive markers. OS damages oocyte and follicle growth in females, damaging the endometrium and affecting endocrine function. Significantly higher levels of MDA, SOD & GSSG were reported in cases, and catalase, GSH levels were decreased. Linear regression and ROC curve analysis indicated that these MDA, SOD, GSSG may act as significant predictive markers of OS playing a pivotal role in the pathophysiology underlying PCOS and as prognostic tools to reduce the severity of the disease.
Understanding Attitudes towards Bi/Multilingualism and Language Learning Experiences in a Multilingual Country
Authors: Choo Kam Kitt , Wong Hoo Keat , Price Jessica
Published: June 2024

Bi/multilingualism, or the ability to command two or more languages, is becoming the norm rather than the exception. The socioeconomic benefits this affords to individuals and communities are undeniable. Yet, in some countries, multilingual education and practices are not looked on favorably. Factors such as age, SES, education level and language proficiency have been found to influence this perception. However, less research has been conducted in Southeast Asia, where multilingualism is common. Understanding these factors can facilitate language policy implementation. A total of 111 Malaysians, aged between 18 to 53, were asked about their attitudes towards multilingualism and their language learning experiences. The Language Attitudes Questionnaire for Language Learners (LAQ-LL) was adapted to measure general language attitudes and an exploratory factor analysis was conducted to ensure convergent validity. Then, a forced-entry multiple linear regression was conducted. Separate models were created for the Value of Multilingual (VoM) and the Language Learning Experience (LLE) subscales, with Age, SES, and education level as predictors. While education level and first language proficiency positively predicted VoM scores, age and SES did not. No predictors significantly predicted LLE scores. Overall, Malaysians have a generally positive VoM and LLE outcomes.
Assessing Vocational Interests through Chat: Development and Validation of the Career Guidance Chatbot (CGC-bot)
Authors: Chu Chu , Sun Tianjun , Zhang Bo , Rounds James
Published: June 2024

The current research developed the Career Guidance Chatbot (CGC-bot) that collects high-quality, diverse work preference information from users, and the subsequent twenty Natural Language Processing (NLP) + Machine Learning (ML) algorithm-powered machines that predict basic interest scores from user’s chat with the CGC-bot, and searches for top O*NET occupations based on user’s basic interest profile prediction. We evaluate the consistency and performance of text embeddings generated from various NLP models as predictors for basic interest scores, and we evaluate the psychometric properties of machine-predicted interest scores. 1250 U.S. adults and 328 college students were recruited from Prolific and the course credit participant pool (SONA) at a large midwestern university to complete a two-part study that is spaced one week apart, where one part is chatting with the CGC-bot and the other is to complete a basic interest survey. A total of 1176 participants finished both parts of the study and were included in our analyses. Results suggested that there is good consistency across interest score prediction patterns from machines built on various groups of text embeddings, and machine-predicted scores shared comparable psychometric properties as self-reported scores. On the other hand, machine-predicted and self-report interest scores showed lower monotrait-heteromethod correlations (r = .20 - .54) than those found between interest inventories. It is also notable that participants enjoyed the chatbot less due to its higher mental demand and longer interaction time.Together, these tools integrate recent advancements in technology with vocational interest research for improving real-world applications of interest measurement and the study sets a benchmark for future studies that aim to measure vocational interests with chat-based text data.
Resting-state Functional Connectivity for Major Depressive Disorder Using Electroencephalography: A Deep Learning Approach
Authors: Jahanian Najafabadi Amir , Bagh Khaled
Published: June 2024

This research aimed to use the Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) to identify biomarkers in Children and Adolescents with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) apart from age-matched healthy young individuals. To achieve this, resting-state eyes-closed electroencephalography (EEG) was pre-processed, and the analysis was performed based on frequency bands and Regions Of Interest (ROI). We computed several resting-state Functional Connectivity (rsFC) measurements using a Multi-Variate Auto-Regressive (MVAR) model. We analyzed the best-performing model to understand the model decision-making process and identify the learned bio-markers. Overall, results achieved an F1-Score of 0.790 and a Mathew Correlation Coefficient (MCC) of 0.745 in the rsFC measurement of full frequency Partial Directed Coherence (ffPDC). We found that Partial Directed Coherence (PDC) performed better than Coherence, Partial Coherence, and Directed Transfer Function (DTF). We also found that the full-frequency version of PDC and DTF outperformed PDC and DTF and their other variants.
Synthesis, Characterization and Anticancer Activity of Chitosan Schiff Base / PEG Blend Doped with Gold and Silver Nanoparticles in Treatment of Breast Cancer Cell Line MCF-7
Authors: Aldabbagh Maha , Baker F. Abdallaha  , Nibras Y. Abdulla  , Ibraheem J. Ibraheem
Published: June 2024

In the present study, chitosan Schiff base has been prepared from chitosan reaction with the para chloro benzaldehyde. The AuNPs and AgNPs were manufacture by extract of onion peels as a reducing agent. The AuNPs and AgNPs that have been synthesized were characterized through UV-vis spectroscopy the XRD analyses and SEM microscopy. The polymer blends of the chitosan / PEG has been prepared through using the approach of solution casting. Chitosan Schiff base / PEG Au and Ag nano-composites were synthesized nano composites and polymer blends have been characterized by FTIR which confirm the formation of Schiff base by revealing a new band of absorption at 1693 cm-1 as a result of the (C=N) imine group. FESEM, DSC and TGA confirms the thermal stability of the prepared polymer blends and nanocomposites, nano composites have shown good results in inhibiting breast cancer cell line MCF-7, IC50 of nanocomposite = 19.44 µg / mL.
Elamipretide protects H9c2 Rat Cardiomyoblasts against Doxorubicin-Induced Disruption of Mitochondrial Quality Control by Restoration of Fusion and Fission Balance
Authors: Mahmoud Marwa , Arif Inaam S. , AL-Ezzi Muthanna I.
Published: June 2024

Doxorubicin (DOX) has been used to treat malignant diseases for over 40 years. The main constraint to its clinical application is dose-dependent cardiotoxicity which is regarded as a major matter of concern that limits its medical usefulness. Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered the chief contributor to DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and it involves disruption of mitochondrial quality control, mainly impaired fusion, and enhanced fission processes. Compounds that specifically target the mitochondria and restore fusion and fission balance are considered a promising tool to protect or treat cardiomyopathy and heart failure and thus could be investigated as a novel strategy to alleviate DOX-induced cardiac toxicity, one of which is elamipretide (ELAM). In this study, MTT assay revealed that DOX induces a significant reduction in H9c2 cell viability which is both time and dose-dependent whereas ELAM has no significant effect on the viability of the relevant cells at most of the concentrations used. Additionally, western blot analysis showed a significant reduction in the expression of fusion protein MFN2 in the DOX-treated group compared to the control (p***< 0.001) whereas the fission protein DRP1 was significantly upregulated in DOX-treated cells compared to the control (p**< 0.01) and normalization of both proteins was achieved when 10 µM ELAM introduced 48-hour prior to DOX therapy. In conclusion, ELAM could exert an interesting cardioprotective role against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by restoration of mitochondrial fusion and fission balance.
Synthesis and Characterization of A New Ligand (DPTYEDAPIBO) Derived from 2-Aminothiazole and Preliminary MCF-7 Cytotoxicity Evaluation
Authors: Abbas Fadhil Yasir  , Hayder Obaid Jamel
Published: June 2024

A series of new complexes were prepared by ligand (DPTYEDAPIBO) interaction with the following metal chlorides: Ni (II), Cu (II), and Pt (IV), as well as AgNO3 dissolved in ethanol. The ligand (DPTYEDAPIBO) is prepared in three steps: The first step is the preparation of compound (A) which is prepared from the reaction of 2-Aminothiazol in ethanol solvent with Benzil. The second step involves the reaction of benzene-1,2-diamine with (E)-3-(hydroxyamino) butan-2-one to form compound (B). As for the third step, it involves the reaction of the product of the first step, compound (A), with the product of the second step, compound (B), to form the ligand. The structures of the ligand and its complexes are confirmed by FT-IR, 1H-13C-NMR, and UV-Vis spectra, melting points, molar conductivity, elemental analyses (CHN), and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The synthesized complexes are prepared in a (1:1) ratio (M:L) for each of the Ni (II), Cu (II), Ag (I), and Pt (IV) complexes. These measurements suggest octahedral geometry for each of the Ni (II), Cu (II), and Pt (IV) complexes and tetrahedral geometry for the Ag (I) complexes. Each of the ligands and the platinum complex were tested for anticancer activity, and it was discovered that the platinum complex is more effective against breast cancer cells (MCF-7) while having less effect on normal cells (WRL-68). An antioxidant test was also performed for the prepared compounds.
Variables Affecting In-Vitro Evaluation of Loxoprofen Sodium Topical Emulgel
Authors: Zainab H. Mahdi  , Suhail Aseel , Khazaal Maraie Nidhal , Huda S. Kathem
Published: June 2024

Although topical preparations like creams, ointments, and gels were used for many years to achieve local or sometimes systemic effects, they have many limitations mostly the inability to control the release of medications. In this research, a new emulgel preparation of loxoprofen sodium was formulated as a suitable alternative possessing the properties of both emulsion and gel preparation making it suitable to prolong the release of the hydrophilic drug. For this reason, five different emulgel formulas were prepared using different percentages of liquid paraffin (5%,10%), tween 80 & span 80  emulsifier mixture (2.5%, 5%), and xanthan gum (1%, 2%). The formulations were evaluated for their physicochemical, rheological, and spreading properties, in addition to content uniformity and in-vitro release properties. Furthermore, the optimum selected emulgel formula was subjected to a skin irritation test, stability, and compatibility study besides an in-vitro release comparison with the marketed Loxonin® gel. The result of all formulated emulgels showed excellent homogeneity, consistency with no phase separation and accepted pH (6.12±0.76 to 6.51±0.92), and content uniformity (99.02±0.45 to 99.48±1.49). Moreover, all the formulas showed a thixotropic shear-thinning behavior with the optimum formula F3 exhibiting the highest spreadability value of (8.3±0.1 cm), and the highest extent of drug liberated after 6 hours (94.81±1.30 %). Additionally, the selected loxoprofen emulgel F3 showed no irritation to human skin, and no significant change upon storage at 4±2°C and 25±2°C with acceptable compatibility. Eventually, the selected formula displayed a slower rate of loxoprofen release than the marketed gel, a result that proves the effectiveness of the newly formulated loxoprofen emulgel for a prolonged release giving better patient compliance.