bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic Risk Factors for Idiopathic Urolithiasis: The Causative Role of Genes in Stones Formation
Authors: Susilo Jatmiko
Published: January 2022

Background: The genetic factor of urolithiasis plays an important role in the etiology. Elucidation of responsible genes can lead to better targeted gene therapy and prevention in the future. This article aims to explain various genetic factors that play a role in kidney stone formation Method: A review article on urolithiasis based on a genetic approach is reported to underlie stone formation. A total of 41 abstracts and research articles published by internationally reputed journals were selected based on the keywords genetic factors and urolithiasis. Summary: A deeper understanding of the genetic factors that play a role in the mechanisms of stone formation and advances in molecular and pharmacogenomics have revolutionized diagnosis and treatment, and paved the way for the identification of new therapeutic targets and treatment approaches based on genetic engineering.
Gambaran Pengetahuan Mahasiswa Universitas Sahid Surakarta tentang Obat Generik
Authors: Astuti Riska Dwi , Khusna Khotimatul , Pambudi Risma Sakti
Published: January 2022

Obat generik merupakan obat paten yang telah habis masa patennya sehingga di produksi semua perusahaan farmasi tanpa harus membayar royalti. Obat generik terbagi menjadi 2 (dua) jenis, yaitu obat generik bermerek dagang dan obat generik berlogo. Permasalahan yang terjadi pada masyarakat selama ini adalah mereka menganggap bahwa obat generik adalah obat yang murah dan tidak berkualitas. Hal itu di sebabkan oleh kurangnya edukasi dan sosialisai dasar lebih lanjut terhadap obat generik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat pengetahuan obat generik pada mahasiswa Universitas Sahid Surakarta. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian observasional deskriptif dengan rancangan cross-sectional. Variabel penelitian ini adalah tingkat pengetahuan obat generik. Responden penelitian ini mahasiswa yang terdaftar sebagai angkatan 2017. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan non random sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa kuesioner. Analisa data dilakukan secara deskriptif dengan menampilkan peresentase tingkat pengetahuan 76-100% tingkat pengetahuan tinggi, 56-75% tingkat pengetahuan sedang dan 0-56% tingkat pengetahuan rendah. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan tingkat pengetahuan obat generik pada mahasiswa Universitas Sahid Surakarta adalah tingkat pengetahuan tinggi sebanyak 36 responden (51,43%), tingkat pengetahuan sedang sebanyak 19 responden (27,14%), dan tingkat pengetahuan rendah sebanyak 15 responden (21,43%).Kata kunci : obat, generik, mahasiswa, pengetahuan
Evaluasi Ketepatan Obat Dan Dosis Obat Antihipertensi Terhadap Keberhasilan Terapi Pada Pasien Hipertensi Rawat Jalan Di Rumah Sakit Bhakti Wira Tamtama Semarang
Authors: Wycidalesma Wycidalesma , Yuswantina Richa
Published: January 2022

Hipertensi adalah peningkatan tekanan darah sistolik >140 mmHg dan tekanan darah diastolik >90 mmHg dan merupakan faktor terbesar penyebab mobiditas dan mortalisis. Ketidaktepatan terapi hipertensi dapat menyebabkan terjadinya komplikasi yang dapat memperburuk keadaan penderita.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ketepatan penggunaan obat dan dosis obat antihipertensi. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif non eksperimental menggunakan pendekatan retrospektif. Jumlah sampel 90 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi diambil secara purposive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan program SPSS (Statistic Package for the Social Science) meliputi analisis univariat dan bivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketepatan obat terjadi pada 85 pasien (94,44%). Ketepatan dosis obat terjadi pada 90 pasien (100%)Kata Kunci : Ketepatan, Hipertensi, Obat, Dosis
Business Simulation Training Using Monsoonsim
Authors: Dinata Yuwono Marta , Tanjono Christian , Tanamal Rinabi , Tanuwijaya Evan
Published: January 2022

Business simulation training has been conducted by the School of Information Technology, Information Systems Department, Ciputra University, using MonsoonSIM. The aim of this activity is to introduce the concept of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) to students through virtual business simulation game. This training was conducted online, due to to Covid-19 pandemic.  By using MonsoonSIM software, students can manage a virtual company and learn the company's business processes.  Learnings in this training were in the form of material module explanations, simulations, discussions, and evaluations.  This program was attended by students from Junior High School and Senior High School. Participants not only play individually to learn from the game experience, but also in a team to compete to be the best virtual company that can dominate the market within a predetermined period of time. By participating in this training, students can manage the operational processes of a virtual company, understand existing resources, and can make a company planning strategy in order to survive and grow.
GUIA PRÁTICO DA HANSENÍASE NA ATENÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Mariano João Pedro Alencar Vieira , Leite Cleber Queiroz , Santos Brian França dos , Fogaça Bruna de Brito , Milani Bruna , Costa Willyam Patricky Fernandes da , Silva Aline Cardoso , Amaral Lineker Souza do , Lúcio Marcela Fernandes , Mesquita Nando Rabelo , Pini Izabella Gurgel do Amaral , Barbosa Thayslane de Carvalho , Kestering Renata Mesquita , Tavares Cassia Nascimento , Chaves Giovana Maria Facchin Silva , Batista Guilherme Tadeu Souza , Lima Renato Claros , Sena João Victor Rulnix , Lima Mariana Gabrielle Silva de , Camargo Luís Marcelo Aranha
Published: January 2022

A hanseníase, endemia típica, mas não exclusiva do Brasil, tem como principal protagonista a desinformação da população e mesmo de profissionais da saúde. Este guia tem por objetivo modesto auxiliar no preenchimento desta lacuna de informação. Assim sendo, abrange de forma clara e concisa, especialmente: informações sobre o que é hanseníase, seus sinais e sintomas iniciais, como se transmite a doença, como previne suas complicações, como é realizado o diagnóstico e, consequentemente, como se trata a hanseníase. Traz, ainda, informações de como a medicação deverá ser administrada, bem como os eventuais efeitos adversos mais comuns de cada medicamento. Explica ainda, de maneira resumida, como proceder com os contatos dos pacientes com hanseníase.
THE SUBJECT AND CONTENT OF LAW IN THE STUDY OF CONTINUITY AND DISCONTINUITY OF THE HISTORY OF LABOR LAW IN RUSSIA
Authors: Sobolev S.A.
Published: January 2022

The article attempts to investigate general and particular issues of the social development of the domestic legal system in the modern knowledge of its history from a general theoretical standpoint on the example of a specific legal discipline - labor law. The problem of methodological order is considered when there is a confusion of law as an object of cognition with a real reflection of the formation and social development of its subsystems or structural components, which receive study at the sectoral level. Labor law is analyzed as a subsystem or the most important structural component of the legal system, while scientific research on various aspects of the history of labor legislation goes beyond the modern industry and academic discipline. The problem of the methodological order is the continuity and discontinuity of the very course of development of the domestic system of law and branches of law of the Russian Empire, the Soviet and modern periods. Attention is drawn to the fact that many modern labor law categories in the period before 1917 were absent in the legislation, but formed the content of legal acts and scientific research. In turn, labor relations were formalized by a contract of employment (personal employment), but the specifics of its regulation were determined by mining and factory legislation. Some problems of understanding the modern history of labor law are characterized, when in the general theoretical and branch educational and scientific literature on labor and civil law, concepts such as an employment contract and labor legislation are mixed, and labor law as a branch of law refers to private law. Based on the theoretical works of scientists of the Russian Empire, the Soviet and modern period, a combination of private law and public law foundations of labor law is shown.
REFUSAL OF THE SUBJECTIVE RIGHT TO THE INVIOLABILITY OF HOME IN A CRIMINAL PROCEDURE (THEORETICAL AND LEGAL ASPECT)
Authors: Chebotareva I.N. , Pashutina O.S. , Revina I.V.
Published: January 2022

The article discusses consent to the conduct of investigative actions in a home as a refusal of an authorized person from his subjective right to the inviolability of the home, as well as the peculiarities of the procedural procedure for conducting investigative actions in a home in the presence of a refusal of the subjective right to its inviolability. The legal significance of consent to the entry of strangers into the home is that it is a waiver of the right to the inviolability of the home and is one of the legal facts that allow the official conducting the investigative action to interfere with the right of this person. Proceeding from the general signs of a waiver of the right, the authors argue that the inviolability of the home is a subjective right that can be waived, they determine the persons whose waiver of the right to the inviolability of the home has legal significance. By renouncing his right to the inviolability of his home, a person turns out to be from the powers that make up the content of this right. The authors come to the conclusion that the constitutional and legal nature of the principle of the inviolability of the home makes it necessary to ascertain the opinion of all residents on the performance of any investigative actions in the home, with the exception of a search and seizure, the basis for the production of which is exclusively a judicial decision. The article also analyzes the procedure for giving up the right to the inviolability of the home by giving consent.
CERTAIN ISSUES OF FAMILIARIZATION WITH THE MATERIALS OF THE CRIMINAL CASE AT THE END OF THE PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION
Authors: Tatyanina L.G. , Starodumov S.V.
Published: January 2022

Familiarization with the materials of the criminal case at the end of the preliminary investigation affects the timeliness and quality of criminal proceedings in the court and adoption of a procedural decision, as well as the observance of the procedural period of criminal proceedings and ensuring the rights of participants in the parties, and therefore there is a need to resolve problems during its conduct. The authors uphold the position that it is necessary to provide for the mandatory participation of the legal representative of the minor victim and the accused in familiarization with the materials of the criminal case in order to carry out their defense, as well as the need to rehabilitate the victim after the crime committed against him. It is proposed to give the prosecutor the power to return the criminal case to the investigator if he considers it necessary to satisfy the applications. This proposal is aimed at ensuring the quality of support for public prosecution. A proposal to grant the parties the right to petition the investigator to declare the evidence in the case inadmissible and not to include it in the indictment is substantiated. The proposed procedure will exclude disputes that are not related to the circumstances of the commission of the crime in court, will improve the quality of criminal proceedings.
THE SYSTEM OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF TRANSITION TO DIGITAL ECONOMY
Authors: Kostenkova V.G.
Published: January 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the problem of fundamental changes in the organization of the higher education system in connection with the transition to the fourth technological order, which is accompanied by the formation and development of digital technologies, the effective use of which presupposes that an employee has a system of modern knowledge and competencies. In these conditions, we can talk about the formation of the economy of knowledge. Only in this case an innovative version of the development of the national economy of Russia becomes a real. The article discusses various points of view on the qualitative and quantitative changes in the system of higher education in the era of the digital economy. The modern higher education system is the result of the classical industrial era, when mass standardization was considered the most important criterion for success. Traditional formal education was essentially a copy of the generally accepted model of factory production. The education model was designed in such a way that learners were passive recipients of information. The basic values of this system of higher education were control, standardization, compliance with generally accepted standards. However, this option has exhausted the possibilities of its development. It is noted that the digital transformation of the learning process should create conditions for the effective use of the latest technologies for the transition to a personalized and result-oriented educational process. In relation to Russia, this means the development of material infrastructure, the introduction of digital programs, the development of online learning, the development of new management systems for universities and learning processes.
INCREASING POPULATION INCOME AS A FACTOR FOR PRESERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL VILLAGES
Authors: Subrakova L.K.
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the relevance of introducing special measures of support for the population of small villages on the basis of a generalization of domestic and foreign practices of social benefits during the coronavirus pandemic. The poor situation of small villages, on the one hand, and the relatively low financial cost of payments, limited by territory and social categories, on the other hand, led to the proposal to preserve and develop small villages with the achievement of economic and socio-demographic well-being. In order to curb the process of depopulation in rural areas it is proposed to develop a strategy for the preservation and development of small villages, including a special state policy of income for the population of small villages on the basis of a guaranteed rural minimum income. The conceptual basis of this policy can be the idea of a universal basic income with variations of conditional, selective, both monetary and natural basic income. The implementation of this approach is proposed as an experiment in small villages of the regions of the Siberian Federal District. According to calculations, 50 million rubles a year will be required to pay 437 thousand residents in 5.8 thousand rural settlements of the regions of the Siberian Federal District, or 0.65 % of GRP. As a result, it is expected to reduce excessive income inequality, improve the demographic situation and increase employment. The research is based on the method of dialectical knowledge of processes and phenomena. When studying the issues of the state and trends of changes in the situation of small rural settlements, monographic, abstract-logical and economic-statistical methods were used.
Toward People’s Community Control of Technology: Race, Access, and Education
Authors:   Zachary Zinn, Crooks Roderic
Published: January 2022

This field review explores how the benefits of access to computing for racialized and minoritized communities has become an accepted fact in policy and research, despite decades of evidence that technical fixes do not solve the kinds of complex social problems that disproportionately affect these communities. I use the digital divide framework—a 1990s policy diagnosis that argues that the growth and success of the internet would bifurcate the public into digital “haves” and “have-nots”—as a lens to look at why access to computing frequently appears as a means to achieve economic, political, and social equality for racialized and minoritized communities. First, I present a brief cultural history of computer-assisted instruction to show that widely-held assumptions about the educational utility of computing emerged from utopian narratives about scientific progress and innovation—narratives that also traded on raced and gendered assumptions about users of computers. Next, I use the advent of the digital divide framework and its eventual transformation into digital inequality research to show how those raced and gendered norms about computing and computer users continue to inform research on information and communication technologies (ICTs) used in educational contexts. This is important because the norms implicated in digital divide research are also present in other sites where technology and civic life intersect, including democratic participation, public health, and immigration, among others. I conclude by arguing that naïve or cynical deployments of computing technology can actually harm or exploit the very same racialized and minoritized communities that access is supposed to benefit. In short, access to computing in education—or in any other domain—can only meaningfully contribute to equality when minoritized and racialized communities are allowed to pursue their own collective goals.
Analysis and comparison of the current state of the Islamic financial system by countries
Authors: Nigar Mahal Alasgarova Nigar Mahal
Published: January 2022

Since the period of its creation, the Islamic financial system has been applied in many countries around the world, and it is forecasted that the amount of funding on the world financial system based on Islamic principles will be USD 3.8 trillion in 2023. Taking into account this trend in the development of Islamic finance, the article provides the definition of the role of the state structure in the emergence and development of this system based on the analysis of the existing state of the Islamic financial system in various countries. It should be noted that the assessment was based on an explore of the level of development of Islamic banks, Islamic capital markets, takaful, Islamic financial institutions and the Islamic fin-tech market in different countries. As a result of research, it was found that Malaysia, Iran, and Saudi Arabia are leading. Analyzing the current situation, it is getting clear that these countries have the highest share of indicators of the Islamic financial industry. As a result of the research, the first three states being compared according to the system of indicators formed and the structure of statehood, and it was being concluded that the state structure did not play an important role in the development of this system. Thus, Malaysia is in the first place which are not based on Sharia, on six indicators, ahead of the Islamic states of Iran and Saudi Arabia, The reports of the Council of Islamic Financial Services, Global Islamic Fintech, Refinitive Islamic Finance Development Indicators and countries’ ratings were used as a source of information.
Trasvase discursivo de los textos creativos- literarios al periodismo narrativo: la crónica
Authors: González Conde María Julia , Prieto González Hugo , Barceló Ugarte Teresa
Published: January 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es indagar en el género de la crónica como muestra de periodismo narrativo al ser, desde sus orígenes, reflejo e interpretación justificada de una realidad histórica, literaria y social. Para ello, se ha empleado un método cualitativo y volcado bibliográfico sobre distintos puntos de vista y autores, españoles y latinoamericanos. Se hará una primera valoración y sondeo histórico sobre las diversas estrategias narrativas que, de forma explícita o implícita, y dentro de sus argumentaciones persuasivas, narrativas, evolutivas o contextualizadas han acercado a este género hibrido a la apreciación, sensibilidad e imaginación de sus cronistas junto con su investigación documental y/o experimental. La hipótesis de la que parte este estudio consiste en demostrar que la crónica como género informativo - narrativo, y por ende interpretativo, de acuerdo con sus orígenes y procedencia, posee una peculiar forma de narrar los hechos, de adoptar y adaptarse al lenguaje periodístico, a sus rutinas y condiciones informativas, sin olvidar añadir importantes matices literarios en sus textos. Una particularidad que sin duda supondrá deducir, como resultados y conclusiones de análisis, no sólo un trasvase discursivo de los textos creativos- literarios al periodismo narrativo, en general, y a la crónica, en particular, sino una capitulación a la duda hamletiana sobre la veracidad periodística en la reflexión y representación de la realidad, ¿objetividad u objetivación? Esa es la incertidumbre.
Structural characterization of defects in EFG- and HVPE-grown β-Ga2O3 crystals
Authors: Ueda Osamu , Kasu Makoto , Yamaguchi Hirotaka
Published: January 2022

This paper reviews the status of characterization of defects in β-Ga2O3 crystals grown by edge-defined film-fed growth and hydride vapor phase epitaxy using chemical etching, scanning electron microscopy, focused ion beam scanning ion microscopy, X-ray topography (XRT), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The observed defects are classified into four types: dislocations, stacking faults (SFs), twins, and plate-like nanovoids (PNVs). First, we present the detailed characterization of dislocations in the crystal by chemical etching, XRT, and TEM, and discuss possible slip systems. Next, we describe XRT analyses of two types of SFs: SFs 1 lying on the (

2
¯

01

) plane and SFs 2 on the (111) and (

1

1
¯

1

) planes. We describe the results for twins found in crystals via high-resolution TEM and electron diffraction analysis, and PNVs corresponding to etch pits on the (010) plane. Finally, we discuss possible generation mechanisms of the defects and their influence on device characteristics.
Demographic and spatial structure at the stage of expansion in thepopulations of some alien land snails in Belgorod city (CentralRussian Upland)
Authors: Adamova V. V. , Ukrainskiy P. A. , Krymskaya O. V.
Published: January 2022

Studying of the demographic characteristics of populations of alien species at the stage of expansion makes it possible to assess their invasive potential. Field studies of alien terrestrial gastropods Xeropicta derbentina (Gastropoda,Stylommatophora, Hygromiidae), Brephulopsis cylindrica (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Enidae) and Harmozica ravergiensis (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Hygromiidae) have been carried out in Belgorod city, the southern part of the Central Russian Upland (Russia). All studied species are native to the Black Sea region and the Caucasus; in the southern part of the Central Russian Upland, they have been registered over the past ten years. The population density, demographic structure, and spatial structure have been analyzed for three years of observations (2017, 2019, 2020). During this period, the changes in the population density have been noted for all studied species. The most pronounced changes have been observed in X. derbentina, whose population density has significantly decreased, and the spatial structure has changed from clustered type to random distribution. In addition, the age structure of X. derbentina population had a pronounced change at the beginning of the snail activity season of 2020. The expansion of the other two invaders, B. cylindrica and H. ravergiensis, is proved as more successful. At the same time, H. ravergiensis is distributed throughout the city. This species has stable population density and random type of spatial population structure on most sites. B. cylindrica has the highest population density: in 2020, it has reached 406 ind./m2 on average, with the maximum of 1215 ind./m2.Meantime, the species keeps the clustered spatial structure, which is explained by both high population density and adaptation to the arid conditions of its natural range.
A new subspecies of Ruthenica filograna(Pulmonata: Clausiliidae) from Croatia
Authors: Egorov R.
Published: January 2022

A new subspecies of land snails of the clausiliid genus Ruthenica has been found on the territory of Republic of Croatia. Illustrated description is presented. New subspecies differs from others in shell shape, semi-apostrophic aperture and sculpture pattern.
A 1-to-8 Fully Modular Stacked SIW Antenna Array for Millimeter-Wave Applications
Authors: Segura-Gómez Cleofás , Palomares-Caballero Ángel , Padilla Pablo
Published: January 2022

This paper presents a vertically stacked SIW antenna array that enables different array configurations with the minimum number of SIW layers. This achievement lies in the modular feature offered by the proposed design. Specifically, 4 distinct array configurations can be produced with only 3 different design of SIW layers. Depending on the number of SIW layers employed in the stacked antenna, the directivity in the E-plane is modified. To obtain an equal and in-phase power distribution among the array elements, H- and E-plane corporate feeding networks are efficiently implemented in each array configuration. Array configurations of 1, 2, 4 and 8 radiating layers are offered by the proposed modular array, where each radiating layer is formed by 8 H-plane horn antennas. The simulated directivity for the array configurations ranges from 15.8 dBi to 23.8 dBi and the main beam direction remains fixed along the operating frequency range. The array design has been manufactured and agreement between simulated and measured results are observed. The measured impedance bandwidth in all the array configurations is from 35 GHz to 41 GHz (15.79% bandwidth) with a reduction in the E-plane beamwidth as the number of radiating layers increases.
A Novel Optimal Shunt Capacitors Placement and Sizing Technique for Cost Minimization
Authors: Mtonga Thomson , Kaberere Keren K. , Irungu George Kimani
Published: January 2022

The installation of shunt capacitors in radial distribution systems leads to reduced branch power flows, branch currents, branch power losses and voltage drops. Consequently, this results in improved voltage profiles and voltage stability margins. However, for efficient attainment of the stated benefits, the shunt capacitors ought to be installed in an optimal manner, that is, optimally sized shunt capacitors need to be installed at the optimum buses of an electrical system. This article proposes a novel approach for optimizing the placement and sizing of shunt capacitors in radial distribution systems with a focus on minimizing the cost of active power losses and shunt capacitors’ purchase, installation, operation and maintenance. To reduce the search space, hence the computation time, the prroposed approach starts the search process by arranging the buses of the radial distribution system under consideration in pairs. Thereafter, these pairs influence each other to determine the optimum total number of buses to be compensated. The proposed approach was tested on the 34- and 85-bus radial distribution systems and when the simulation results were compared with those obtained by other approaches, it was established that the developed approach was a better option because it gave the least cost.
Wanawa: Afrika prekolonial, un introdukshon
Authors: Allen Rose Mary
Published: January 2022

Wanawa Precolonial Africa: An Introduction focuses on the history and culture of the African continent before it was colonized by Europe. Many people still associate Africa only with the history of the transatlantic slave trade and slavery and neglect the fact that this continent has a rich and diverse history. As this book explains, the history of Africa did not start with the transatlantic slave trade, and Africa is not merely a victim of colonialism but an agent of its own history and rich culture. The intention of this book is to highlight and thereby broaden the knowledge of Africa’s historical, economic, cultural and social diversity. This book is a brief introduction in Papiamentu to the history and culture of precolonial Africa, with the aim of stimulating people to dig deeper into this subject themselves. Its purpose is to provide a general view of the continent’s flora and fauna, to illustrate how large and small states rose, developed and sometimes fell over the course of time, and to shed light on historically significant persons, while also mentioning these states in some cases were connected to the transatlantic slave trade. In addition, the book provides insight into the diverse and heterogeneous cultures of the continent. Rose Mary Allen (Curaçao, 1950) is an anthropologist and Extraordinary Professor of the Chair of Culture, Community and History at the University of Curaçao Dr. Moises da Costa Gomez. She has published many books and articles on migration, slavery, music, oral history, the dynamics of identity formation, modern nationalism, and gender issues. She is a recipient of the Boeli van Leeuwen Award and of the 2015 Cola Debrot Award for her contribution to the sciences.
Evaluasi Perilaku Deformasi Vertikal Bendungan Saguling
Authors: Suhada Bahri , Nugroho Hari , Suprapto Suprapto
Published: January 2022

Bendungan memiliki risiko kegagalan yang dapat membahayakan penduduk yang berada di hilirnya. Pemantauan bendungan harus dilakukan untuk mendeteksi permasalahan sedini mungkin sehingga dapat dilakukan pencegahan. Salah satu perilaku bendungan yang harus dipantau adalah perilaku deformasi vertikal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi perilaku deformasi vertikal Bendungan Saguling berdasarkan hasil pembacaan patok geser. Evaluasi deformasi vertikal dilakukan dengan menggunakan tiga metode, yaitu: 1) membandingkan deformasi vertikal hasil pembacaan terhadap kriteria penerimaan dari Gould, Sherard, Sowers, Clements, ICOLD dan Departemen PU; 2) membandingkan deformasi vertikal hasil pembacaan terhadap database perilaku deformasi bendungan; dan 3) perhitungan settlement index. Deformasi vertikal Bendungan Saguling memenuhi kriteria deformasi yang digunakan. Bendungan Saguling memiliki deformasi vertikal yang lebih rendah dibandingkan bendungan lainnya yang sejenis berdasarkan database perilaku deformasi bendungan. Settlement index Bendungan Saguling tidak melebihi dari 0,02.
Pengaruh Pemberian Konseling Apoteker pada Pasien HIV-AIDS Di Poliklinik Rawat Jalan RS Bhayangkara TK I R. Said Sukanto
Authors: Saputra Ryan Saputra , Sumarny Ros , R Hesty Utami , Aryani Nyayu Tri Yeni
Published: January 2022

HIV-AIDS (Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) merupakan suatu penyakit yang terus berkembang dan menjadi masalah global yang melanda dunia. HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) adalah sejenis virus yang menyerang/menginfeksi limfosit yang menyebabkan turunnya kekebalan tubuh manusia. AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) adalah sekumpulan gejala penyakit yang timbul karena turunnya kekebalan yang disebabkan infeksi oleh HIV. Pengidap HIV memerlukan pengobatan dengan ARV (Antiretrovirus) untuk menurunkan jumlah virus HIV di dalam tubuh agar tidak masuk ke dalam stadium AIDS dan untuk mencegah terjadinya infeksi oportunistik dengan berbagai komplikasinya, dalam terapi pengobatan pasien. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk memperoleh gambaran karakterisitik (umur, jenis kelamin, pekerjaan, pendidikan, stadium penyakit) menganalisis pengaruh pemberian konseling Apoteker terhadap aspek pengetahuan, kepatuhan, kualitas hidup pasien dan efektivitas terapi ARV pada mengetahui pengaruh kepatuhan pasien dalam ART terhadap peningkatan kualitas hidup pasien HIV-AIDS di RS. Bhayangkara TK I R. Said Sukanto. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode quasi-eksperimental yang dilakukan secara prospektif. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada pasien HIV yang berobat di klinik rawat jalan RS Bhayangkara Tk I R. Said Sukanto. Pembagian kelompok kontrol dan kelompok intervensi menggunakan rumus sampling sederhana. Pengambilan data dan observasi dilakukan selama 6 (enam bulan) dari bulan Oktober 2019-Maret 2020. Aspek pengetahuan dan kualitas hidup diambil dengan menggunakan kuesioner, aspek kepatuhan diambil melalui obervasi data kunjungan pasien dan sisa obat sedangkan efektifitas terapi ARV diambil berdasarkan pemeriksaan CD4 pasien. Aspek pengetahuan diambil pada kunjungan pertama dan kedua, aspek kepatuhan diambil data tiap bulan, sedangkan aspek kualitas hidup dan efektifitas terapi diambil awal kunjungan dan 6 bulan kemudian. Hasil dari penelitian ini berdasarkan demografi kategori jenis kelamin yang paling dominan yaitu laki-laki sebanyak 46 responden (76,76%). Kategori usia yang paling dominan yaitu dengan rentang usia 30 tahun – 39 tahun sebanyak 29 responden (48,33%). Kategori Pendidikan yang paling dominan yaitu kategori SMA sebanyak 31 (51,67%). Status merital yang paling dominan yaitu kelompok menikah dengan total 34 (56,67%). Kepatuhan dalam terapi ODHA mempunyai pengaruh terhadap kualitas hidup pasien HIV-AIDS dengan nilai korelasi hasil uji Chi Sqaure 0,933 sebesar 0.373 > p value 0.01.
Pengaruh Ekstrak Paederia foetida pada Kadar Kolesterol Total Tikus Model Hiperlipidemia yang Diinduksi Deksametason
Authors: Taufik Dhia Farhan , Mukono Indri Safitri , Fatimah Nurmawati
Published: January 2022

Hiperlipidemia merupakan istilah yang mengacu pada kelainan yang menyebabkan peningkatan profil lipid dalam tubuh manusia. Menurut WHO, secara global, sepertiga penyakit jantung iskemik dikaitkan dengan kadar kolesterol yang tinggi. Peningkatan kadar kolesterol diperkirakan menyebabkan 94,9 juta disability adjusted life year (DALYs) dan 4,32 juta kematian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh ekstrak etanol Paederia foetida (EEPF) pada kadar kolesterol total tikus model hiperlipidemia yang diinduksi deksametason. Penelitian Penelitian eksperimen in vivo ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan   desain penelitian post-test only complete randomized design (CRD). Proses penelitian dilaksanakan di Departemen Biokimia, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia, dari bulan Juni 2021 hingga November 2021. Pembuatan EEPF dilakukan dengan metode maserasi pada pelarut etanol 96%. Hewan coba yang digunakan adalah tikus galur Wistar albino jantan berjumlah 30 ekor, sehat, dan berat badan 150-200 gram. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan membagi rata hewan coba secara acak menjadi kelompok kontrol normal, kontrol patogen, kelompok simvastatin, kelompok EEPF 250 mg/kg, dan kelompok EEPF 500 mg/kg. Sampel darah diambil dari vena pada bagian ekor dan kadar kolesterol total diukur dengan metode point of care testing (POCT). Analisis data dilakukan dengan One-way ANOVA dilanjutkan dengan uji post hoc Dunnett. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, pemberian deksametason (10 mg/kg) selama 14 hari menyebabkan peningkatan kadar kolesterol total yang signifikan, sedangkan pada kelompok perlakuan simvastatin, EEPF 250 mg/kg, dan EEPF 500 mg/kg terjadi penurunan signifikan pada kadar kolesterol total jika dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol patogenik (P<0,001, P<0,05, P<0,05). Pemberian ekstrak etanol Paederia foetida dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol total pada tikus model hiperlipidemia yang diinduksi deksametason.
Kesiapan Indonesia Membangun Ekonomi Digital Di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0
Authors: Asnawi Anita
Published: January 2022

Perkembangan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi serta internet, yang secara tak terduga telah diakselerasi oleh kehadiran pandemi, dalam sekejap mengubah kehidupan sosial dan perekonomian. Era Revolusi Industri 4.0 membawa transformasi digital ke dalam kehidupan ekonomi dan masyarakat dan melahirkan sebuat ekonomi digital. Permasalahan di Indonesia dalam menghadapi ekonomi digital diantaranya mulai dari proses perijinan dan pemberian lisensi bisnis yang masih berjalan lambat, hingga belum tercapainya efisiensi sistem rantai pasok dan rantai nilai produk digital. Kekuatan Indonesia untuk membangun ekonomi digital mulai dari pembangunan infrastruktur TIK dan internet hingga pemodalan untuk start-up Indonesia yang mencapai jumlah 2.300 perusahaan. Ancaman yang dihadapi diantaranya mulai dari kejahatan siber, daya tawar pembeli yang tinggi, hingga belum dimilikinya nerve center platform dalam negeri. Beberapa upaya yang telah dijalankan oleh pemerintah adalah menyusun strategi Making Indonesia 4.0, membangun SPBE, gerakan 100 smart city, menyiapkan Undang-undang yang mengatur tentang informasi dan transaksi elektronik, menetapkan Lighthouse 4.0, serta mengadakan gerakan Ayo Belanja Online.
Faktor Risiko Dominan Penyakit Jantung Koroner Akut pada Pasien Rawat Inap di Rumah Sakit
Authors: Sawu Sirilus Deodatus
Published: January 2022

Penyakit jantung koroner merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian terbesar diseluruh dunia. Penyebab terbesar dari penyakit jantung koroner adalah aterosklerosis. Pecahnya plak aterosklerosis menimbulkan manisfestasi klinis penyakit jantung koroner akut yang dibagi menjadi UA, NSTEMI dan STEMI. Kondisi-kondisi ini umumnya mendorong pasien harus menjalani rawat inap. Pasien yang menjalani rawat inap tersebut umumnya memiliki faktor risiko kardiovaskular. Penelitian merupakan studi literatur yang akan memberikan gambaran terkait faktor risiko kardiovaskular dominan yang dijumpai pada pasien rawat inap. Sumber literatur diambil dari jurnal penelitian yang dipublikan dalam rentang waktu tahun 2016-2010 melalui database google scholar, science direct dan PubMed. Hasil studi literatur dari penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan beberapa faktor risiko kardiovaskular berhubungan atau berpengaruh secara signifikan dengan penyakit jantung koroner. Faktor risiko kardiovaskular yang dapat dimodifikasi yang dominan ditemukan pada pasien rawat inap di Indonesia antara lain hipertensi, dislipidemia, diabetes melitus, obesitas dan merokok. Pentingnya mengontrol faktor-faktor risiko tersebut dapat mengurangi risiko pasien masuk rumah sakit akibat penyakit jantung koroner.
Produksi Gas Sintesis Dari Batubara Peringkat Rendah Indonesia Serta Optimasi dan Simulasi Menggunakan Aspen Hysys
Authors: M Irfan Fahmuddin , Harto Andang Widi , Kusnanto Kusnanto
Published: January 2022

Batubara merupakan salah satu potensi sumber energi yang menggantikan minyak bumi sebagai sumber energi dan bahan baku untuk industri kimia di indonesia. Sekarang ini, sumber batubara di indonesia diestimasikan mencapai 61 juta ton dan 80% dari itu adalah batu bara peringkat rendah (low rank coal). Permasalahan pada penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh dari beberapa faktor seperti temperatur, tekanan, serta aliran massa terhadap syngas yang dihasilkan. Selain itu yang ingin diketahui dari penelitian ini ialah untuk menentukan berapa energi yang dapat dihasilkan dari produksi syngas terhadap energi yang diperlukan dalam proses gasifikasi. Proses gasifikasi batubara untuk menghasilkan syngas yang baik memerlukan kondisi dari berbagai parameter tersebut sehingga optimasi sistem gasifikasi perlu dilakukan untuk menghasilkan syngas dengan kualitas yang baik.  Syngas yang baik dapat diketahui dari nilai rasio H2 dan CO yang dapat diatur dengan mengubah parameter reaksi. Model yang digunakan pada penelitian ini telah dirancang dengan menggunakan 2 komponen reaktor untuk menjalankan reaksi gasifikasi serta didorong oleh berbagai komponen pendukung seperti kompresor. Metode optimasi yang dilakukan ialah dengan melakukan variasi nilai dari setiap parameter yang ada didalam pemodelan yang dirancang dengan 3 sampel berbeda dengan kode sampel CQ004, CQ005, dan CQ008. Penentuan jumlah energi yang dihasilkan dapat diketahui dengan mengasumsikan produk syngas tersebut digunakan sebagai bahan bakar dengan reaksi pembakaran sehingga dapat diketahui berapakah energi yang diperoleh dari produk syngas tersebut dan akan dibandingkan dengan nilai energi yang diperlukan dalam produksi.
Comparison of Short-Term Results of Laparoscopy and Open Surgery for Colorectal Cancer: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Durak Dogukan , Alkurt Ertugrul Gazi , Turhan Veysel Barış
Published: January 2022

Objective: Although laparoscopic colon cancer surgeries have increased in recent years, their oncological competence is questioned. In our study, we aimed to evaluate oncological competence by comparing laparoscopic and open surgery.
Material and Methods: The study was planned retrospectively. A total of 94 patients were included in the study, 42 of whom underwent laparoscopy, and 52 patients underwent open surgery. Both groups were compared in terms of demographic characteristics, staging, number of benign/malignant lymph nodes, histological findings and complications.
Result: The final pathology report of all patients was adenocarcinoma. The median number of dissected lymph nodes was 20.9 in the open group (8-34) and 19.46 in the laparoscopy group (7-31) (p=0.639). The median number of dissected malignant lymph nodes was 1 (0-13) in the open surgery group and 3.1 (0-8) in the laparoscopy group (p=0.216). The laparoscopy group exhibited a longer operation time (281.2±54.2 and 221.0±51.5 min, respectively; P=0.036) than the open surgery group, but a shorter intensive care unit(ICU) discharge, quicker initiation oral feeding, and shorter length of hospital stay (4.0±0.9 vs. 5.7±2.0 days, respectively; P<0.001).
Discussion: Laparoscopic surgery elicits many benefits such as less wound infection, lower requirement for blood transfusion, shorter hospitalization, quicker initiation of oral feeding and mobilization. Our study has shown that laparoscopic surgery provides quite adequate lymph node dissection when compared with oncological surgery, which is viewed with suspicion in the light of these benefits of laparoscopy.
Библиометрическое отображение исследования по подготовке пользователя для безопасного применения информационных систем
Authors: ФУЙС Дамьян , ВРХОВЕЦ Симон , ВАВПОТИЧ Дамьян
Published: January 2022

Информационные системы повсеместно распространены в организациях всех размеров. Для их безопасного применения пользователи должны быть тщательно подготовлены соответствующим образом. В связи с распространенностью информационных систем число научных публикаций о подготовке пользователей для безопасного использования информационных систем из года в год растет. Чтобы преодолеть проблему ручного труда при обзоре такого объема знания и идти в ногу с исследовательскими тенденциями, было проведено библиометрическое отображение в виде карт исследования по подготовке пользователей для безопасного применения информационных систем. Общее число документов, равное 1955 единицам, опубликованных в период 1991-2019 гг., взято из библиографической базы данных Web of Science 21 ноября 2019 г. Авторы с топовой продуктивностью, организации, страны и области исследования были идентифицированы с помощью встроенного в Web of Science средства для анализа результатов. Кроме того, осуществлено отображение в виде карт ключевых слов (КС) на основе программного обеспечения VOSviewer. Анализ сетевой работы и входящих в нее карт КС обнаружил шесть кластеров: Здравоохранение, Принятие Технологии, Управление, Информационная Безопасность, Технические Решения и Физическая Безопасность. Результаты данного анализа предполагают для проведения в будущем привлекательные исследовательские направления, такие как подготовка в сфере информационной безопасности в здравоохранении и индивидуальная подготовка пользователя как альтернатива подходу «одна форма для всех».
Что имеет большее значение? Сравнение влияния концептуальных и документальных отношений в тематических моделях
Authors: ТЕРРАНЬИ Сильвия , ФЕРСИНИ Элизабетта , МЕССИНА Энца , НОЦЦА Дебора
Published: January 2022

Тематические модели широко используются для обнаружения скрытых тем в коллекциях документов. В статье предполагается изучить роль двух разных типов реляционной информации, т.е. документальных отношений и концептуальных отношений. Хотя использование сети документов значительно улучшает когерентность темы, введение понятий и их отношений не оказывает влияния на результаты как качественно, так и количественно.
Цитируемость, показатели цитируемости и качество исследований: обзор базовых понятий и теорий
Authors: АКСНЕС Даг В. , ЛАНГФЕЛТ Лив , ВУТЕРС Пол
Published: January 2022

Цитируемость все больше используется в качестве показателя производительности в научной политике и внутри исследовательской системы. Как правило, предполагается, что цитируемость свидетельствует о влиянии исследования или его качества. Что подтверждает эти предположения и как цитируемость соотносится с качеством исследований? Эти и подобные вопросы изучаются на протяжении десятилетий наукометрических исследований. Предоставляется обзор некоторых основных актуальных вопросов, включающих теории цитируемости, трактовку и обоснованность использования цитируемости как измерения результативности. Качество исследований является многоаспектным понятием, в котором достоверность/правильность, оригинальность, научная ценность, а также общественная ценность общепринято воспринимаются ключевыми характеристиками. Изучается то, как цитируемость может затрагивать подобные разнообразные измерения качества исследований. Утверждается, что цитируемость отражает аспекты, касающиеся научного влияния и релевантности, но с определенными ограничениями. С другой стороны, нет ни одного свидетельства, подтверждающего, что цитируемость отражает другие ключевые величины качества исследований. Следовательно, рост использования показателей цитируемости в оценке исследований и финансирования может снижать внимание к этим иным величинам качества исследований, таким как надежность/достоверность, оригинальность и общественная ценность.
Недостаточно мнения только библиотекаря: искусственный интеллект относительно характера, значения и будущего библиотековедения и информатики
Authors: ДИННИН Джесси Дэйвид , БУБИНГЕР Хелен
Published: January 2022

Управляемые искусственным интеллектом (ИИ) языковые модели на основе сетевых данных генерируют дружелюбное общение, в ходе которого проявляются не только человеческое знание и признанные чувства, но могут порождаться и новые представления, и прогнозы. Лучшей в мире языковой модели, GPT-3, было задано 15 сложных вопросов относительно характера, значения и будущего библиотековедения и информатики, темы, привлекающей многолетнее внимание со стороны вовлеченных в нее ученых. Предоставляются фрагменты 45 ее (модели) различных ответов, варьирующихся от элементарных вещей и карикатур до интересных взглядов и тревожных видений будущего с демонстрацией адаптированной к LIS актуальной работы языковых моделей на базе ИИ. Также сегодня допускается жизнеспособность использования ИИ для прогнозирования или генерации идей относительно исследований с помощью подобных моделей. В заключении публикуется полный журнал ответов для рассмотрения и оценки читателей.
ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ПОНЯТИЯ «БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ ПОЛЕТОВ»
Authors: Золотых В.И. , Zolotykh V.I.
Published: January 2022

Отсутствие в государственной авиации России однозначного определения категории "безопасность полетов" является фактором, препятствующим повышению эффективности деятельности по обеспечению безопасности полетов в авиации Вооруженных сил Российской Федерации. В статье предпринята попытка, на основании терминологического анализа определений, связанных с понятием «безопасность», дать обоснованное, недвусмысленное определение понятия «безопасность полетов».