bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
‘Family court…sucks out your soul’: Australian general practitioners’ experiences supporting domestic violence survivors through family court
Authors: Kuruppu Jacqueline , Novy Kitty , Fetter Lily , Oo Sanda , Hegarty Kelsey
Published: April 2023

Background

Domestic violence is a significant public health issue with survivors experiencing short- and long-term physical, sexual and psychological health issues. Given this, survivors of domestic violence use healthcare services at an increased rate compared to the general population. Therefore, general practitioners (GPs) are well placed to support survivors of domestic violence. However, many practitioners do not feel ready to address this complex issue of domestic violence. Further, there is no research exploring GPs’ role in supporting families through family court in the context of domestic violence.

Methods

This study used qualitative methods. Fifteen GPs participated in individual in-depth interviews. The interviews were audio recorded with consent, transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed.

Results

The majority of participants were female GPs working in metropolitan settings. Four themes were generated from the data: on different planets, witnessing legal systems abuse, weaponizing mental health in family court and swinging allegiances. Participants had negative perceptions of family court and felt that it operated on a different paradigm to that of general practice which caused difficulties when supporting patients. Participants supported survivors through instances where the court was used by perpetrators to further their abusive behaviour or where the court acted abusively against survivors. In particular, perpetrators and the family court used survivors’ mental health against them in court proceedings, which resulted in survivors being reluctant to receive treatment for their mental health. Participants struggled with their allegiances within their patient family and usually opted to support either the mother, the father, or the children.

Conclusions

Implications of these findings for GP training are evident, including curriculum that discusses the intersection of mental health diagnoses and legal proceedings. There may also be a place for health justice partnerships within general practice.
Dietary fiber intake and risk of gallstone: a case–control study
Authors: Tehrani Asal Neshatbini , Saadati Saeede , Yari Zahra , Salehpour Amin , Sadeghi Amir , Daftari Ghazal , Ghorbani Moloud , Hekmatdoost Azita
Published: April 2023

Background

Gallstone disease (GSD) and its complications are major public health issues globally. Although many community-based studies had addressed the risk factors for GSD, little is known about the associations between dietary factors and risk of disease. The present study aimed to investigate the potential associations between dietary fibers with the risk of gallstone disease.

Methods

In this case–control study, 189 GSD patients with less than one month of diagnosis and 342 age‑matched controls were enrolled. Dietary intakes were assessed using a 168-item semi-quantitative validated food frequency questionnaire. Crude and multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated through cox proportional hazards regression models.

Results

Comparing the highest versus the lowest tertile, significant reverse associations were observed between odds of GSD and each category of dietary fiber intake including total (OR T3 vs. T1 = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.37–0.7, P for trend = 0.015), soluble (OR T3 vs. T1 = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.3–0.8, P for trend = 0.048) and insoluble (OR T3 vs. T1 = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.3–0.9, P for trend < 0.001). The relationship between dietary fiber intake and the risk of gallstones was more prominent in overweight and obese subjects than in subjects with a normal body mass index.

Conclusion

Comprehensive assessment of the associations of dietary fiber intake with GSD showed that higher intakes of dietary fiber were significantly associated with reduced GSD risk.
Reduction of venous air embolism in coronary computed tomography angiography using a modified method of saline test injection
Authors: He Weiling , Huang Feng , Xie An , Chen Xiang , Sun Wenjie , Hu Rui
Published: April 2023

Objectives

This paper analyzed the feasibility of reducing venous air emboli introduced during tube connection in computed tomography angiography (CTA) through a modified method of saline test injection.

Methods

A total of 386 cases of patients undergoing coronary CTA examination were randomly arranged into a control group (199 patients underwent conventional saline injection before the CTA examination) and a case group (187 patients underwent modified saline injection before the CTA examination). The two groups were compared for the location (Fisher’s exact test), number (χ2 test), and diameter (Mann-Whitney rank sum test) of the air emboli along the inflow direction of contrast agent within the scan.

Results

The occurrence rate was 10.55% in the control group and 3.74% in the case group respectively, with a statistically different significance (P = 0.010). In the case group, there were 7 cases of small-grade venous air emboli. In the control group, there were 15 cases of small-grade venous air emboli and 6 cases of moderate-grade venous air emboli. No cases of large-grade venous air emboli were found in both groups.

Conclusions

The use of this modified method of saline test injection before CTA examination is able to effectively decrease the occurrence of venous air emboli introduced during tube connection, which has some certain practical significance.
Association of progesterone receptor status with 21-gene recurrence score and survival among patients with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer
Authors: Ma Sung Jun , Gill Jasmin , Yendamuri Keerti , Chatterjee Udit , Waldman Olivia , Dunne-Jaffe Cynthia , Fekrmandi Fatemeh , Shekher Rohil , Iovoli Austin , Yao Song , Oladeru Oluwadamilola T. , Singh Anurag K.
Published: April 2023

Background

Progesterone receptor (PR)-negative tumors have been shown to have worse prognosis and were underrepresented in recent trials on patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. The role of PR-negative status in the context of 21-gene recurrence score (RS) and nodal staging remains unclear.

Methods

The National Cancer Database (NCDB) was queried for women diagnosed between 2010 and 2017 with ER-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, pT1-3N0-1a breast cancer. Logistic and Cox multivariable analyses (MVA) were performed to identify association of PR status with high RS (> 25) and overall survival (OS), respectively.

Results

Among 143,828 women, 130,349 (90.6%) and 13,479 (9.4%) patients had PR-positive and PR-negative tumors, respectively. Logistic MVA showed that PR-negative status was associated with higher RS (> 25: aOR 16.15, 95% CI 15.23–17.13). Cox MVA showed that PR-negative status was associated with worse OS (adjusted hazards ratio [aHR] 1.20, 95% CI 1.10–1.31). There was an interaction with nodal staging and chemotherapy (p = 0.049). Subgroup analyses using Cox MVA showed the magnitude of the chemotherapy benefit was greater among those with pN1a, PR-negative tumors than pN1a, PR-positive tumors (PR-positive: aHR 0.57, 95% CI 0.47–0.67; PR-negative: aHR 0.31, 95% CI 0.20–0.47). It was comparable among those with pN0 tumors regardless of PR status (PR-positive: aHR 0.74, 95% CI 0.66–0.82; PR-negative: aHR 0.63, 95% CI 0.51–0.77).

Conclusion

PR-negative tumors were independently correlated with higher RS and were associated with greater OS benefits from chemotherapy for pN1a tumors, but not pN0 tumors.
Differential characteristics among asymptomatic and symptomatic meibomian gland dysfunction and those with dry eye
Authors: Chiou Yi-Ran , Lin Pei-Yu , Chou Yu-Bai , Huang Po-Wei , Fan Nai-Wen
Published: April 2023

Purpose

To identify the characteristics of asymptomatic meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), symptomatic MGD, and MGD coexisting with dry eye disease (DED).

Methods

This cross sectional study enrolled a total of 153 eyes of 87 MGD patients. Participants filled in ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaires. Age, gender, Schirmer’s test, meibomian gland (MG) related parameters, lipid layer thickness (LLT) and blinking were compared among patients with asymptomatic MGD, symptomatic MGD, and MGD with DED. Multivariate regression was used to analyze the significant factor of DED in MGD. Spearman’s rank correlation analysis was used to evaluate the association between the significant factors and MG function.

Results

There was no difference in age, Schirmer’s test, lid changes, MG secretion, and MG morphology among three groups. The OSDI of asymptomatic MGD, symptomatic MGD and MGD coexisting with DED were 8.5 ± 2.9, 28.5 ± 12.8 and 27.9 ± 10.5, respectively. Patients with MGD coexisting with DED exhibited more frequent eye blinking than that of patients with asymptomatic MGD (8.1 ± 4.1 vs. 6.1 ± 3.5 blinks/20 sec, P = 0.022), and reduced LLT than that of patients with asymptomatic MGD (68.6 ± 17.2 vs. 77.6 ± 14.5 nm, P = 0.010) and symptomatic MGD (78.0 ± 17.1 nm, P = 0.015). Multivariate analysis identified LLT (per nm, OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.93—0.99, P = 0.002) as a significant factor associated with DED development in MGD. The number of expressible MG was positively correlated with LLT (Spearman’s correlation coefficient = 0.299, P = 0.016) but negatively correlated with the number of blinking (Spearman’s correlation coefficient = -0.298, P = 0.016) in MGD patients with DED, and these findings were not identified in those without DED.

Conclusions

Asymptomatic MGD, symptomatic MGD, and MGD coexisting with DED share similar characteristics, including meibum secretion and morphology, but MGD patients coexisting with DED exhibited significantly reduced LLT.
Evaluation of retinal microvasculature in exotropia with abnormal binocular vision by optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: Chen Chun-Wen , Qin-Zhu  , Ma Chun-Hui , Yao Jing-Yan
Published: April 2023

Background

To explore the retinal microvasculature in large-angle concomitant exotropia patients with abnormal binocular vision using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) analysis.

Methods

OCTA images of 52 healthy and 100 strabismic eyes were analyzed to quantify the retinal thickness (RT), superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), and foveal avascular zone (FAZ). Paired t-tests were performed to compare differences between the two groups, the dominant eye and the deviated eye in the exotropia group, respectively. A p-value < 0.01 was considered significant.

Results

The mean angle of deviation was 79.38 [± 25.64] (prism diopters, PD). There were significant differences in the DCP in deviated eyes between the exotropia group and the control group (fovea: p = 0.007; temporal: p = 0.014; nasal: p = 0.028; inferior: p = 0.013). The temporal SCP in the exotropia group was significantly higher than in the control group in deviated eyes (p = 0.020). No significant difference was found between dominant eyes and strabismic eyes (p > 0.01).

Conclusions

The study showed that OCTA revealed subnormal DCP in patients with large-angle exotropia and abnormal binocularity which may be related to retinal suppression. Changes in the macular microvasculature may provide valuable insights into the development of strabismus. Further studies are needed to determine the clinical relevance of this finding.

Trial registration

This trial is registered as ChiCTR2100052577 at www.Chictr.org.cn.
Is myopia accelerated in type 1 diabetes mellitus children? Analyses from the ocular parameters
Authors: Xiao Ying , Qian Yu , Yang Chenhao , Zou Haidong
Published: April 2023

Background

This study compares the ocular biometry with or without myopia in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and healthy children in China to analyse the difference between myopia in T1DM and healthy children.

Methods

A case-control study was conducted at the Children’s Hospital of Fudan University. The children were divided into four subgroups depending on myopia or non-myopia, T1DM or non-DM. The participants were evaluated for anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), axial length (AL), average keratometry (K) and lens power (P). Furthermore, cycloplegic refraction was performed and the spherical equivalent (SE) was acquired.

Results

One hundred and ten patients with T1DM and 102 healthy subjects were included in this study. In the age-sex adjusted analysis, the myopia T1DM subgroup showed thicker LT (p = 0.001), larger P (p = 0.003) and similar ACD, AL, K and SE (all p > 0.05) compared to the myopia control subgroup. Additionally, the myopia T1DM subgroup showed longer AL (p < 0.001) and similar ACD, LT, K and P (all p > 0.05) as the non-myopia T1DM subgroup. In the multivariate linear regression, for T1DM patients, eyes with longer AL, shallower ACD, and larger P were associated with a decrease in SE (p < 0.001, p = 0.01, and p < 0.001, respectively). Meanwhile, for healthy controls, eyes with longer AL and larger P were associated with a decrease in SE (all p < 0.001).

Conclusions

The ACD and LT of myopia T1DM children remained unchanged compared to non-myopia T1DM children. This means that the lens in the former group could not lose power as compensation for AL growth, thus providing evidence for the acceleration of myopia in T1DM children.
Effect of ceramic primers with different chemical contents on the shear bond strength of CAD/CAM ceramics with resin cement after thermal ageing
Authors: Uğur Mehmet , Kavut İdris , Tanrıkut Özgür Ozan , Cengiz Önder
Published: April 2023

Background

This study evaluated the effect of ceramic primers containing 10-methacryloyloxydecyl phosphate (10-MDP) and γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane (γ-MPTS) agents on the shear bond strength (SBS) of CAD/CAM ceramics with different chemical structures and resin cement.

Methods

A total of 640 CAD/CAM ceramic specimens were obtained from Vita Mark II (VM), IPS E.max CAD (EM), Vita Suprinity (VS) and Vita Enamic (VE). The specimens were divided into two groups: etched with hydrofluoric acid (HF) and unetched. Each group was treated with a different ceramic primer (Clearfil Ceramic Primer Plus, G-Multi Primer and Monobond S), except for an untreated group (n = 10). After ceramic primers and resin cement were applied to each ceramic surface, half of the specimens were thermally aged at 10,000 cycles, 5–55 ± 1 °C, with a dwell time of 30 s. The SBS was tested with a universal testing machine at a 0.5 mm/min crosshead speed. Data were analysed by using statistical software (SPSS 20). Normal data distribution was checked with the Shapiro‒Wilk test. Three-way ANOVA was used to analyse the difference between the numeric data of the HF etched and thermally aged groups. A post hoc Tukey test was applied in the paired comparison of significant difference. The statistical significance level was accepted as p < 0.05.

Results

The highest SBS values were obtained in the HF etched G-Multi primer applied nonaged EM group (28.3 ± 2.62 MPa), while the lowest values were obtained in the nonetched and thermally aged EM group that received no treatment (2.86 ± 0.04 Mpa). The SBS significantly increased in all specimens on which the ceramic primer was applied (p < 0.001). Thermal ageing had a significant negative effect on the SBS values in all groups (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The positive combined effects of the 10-MDP and γ-MPTS agents resulted in a significant increase in the bonding strength of the resin cement to the CAD/CAM ceramics. In addition, the increase in the amount of inorganic filler provided a favourable effect on durable adhesion.
Novel SLFN14 mutation associated with macrothrombocytopenia in a patient with severe haemorrhagic syndrome
Authors: Polokhov Dmitrii , Fedorova Daria , Ignatova Anastasiya , Ponomarenko Evgeniya , Rashevskaya Elena , Martyanov Alexey , Podoplelova Nadezhda , Aleksenko Maxim , Mersiyanova Irina , Seregina Elena , Poletaev Aleksandr , Truchina Ekaterina , Raykina Elena , Plyasunova Svetlana , Novichkova Galina , Zharkov Pavel , Panteleev Mikhail
Published: April 2023

Background

Platelet-type bleeding disorder 20 (BDPLT20), as known as SLFN14-related thrombocytopenia, is a rare inherited thrombocytopenia (IT). Previously, only 5 heterozygous missense mutations in the SLFN14 gene have been reported.

Methods

A comprehensive clinical and laboratory examination of a 17-year-old female patient with macrothrombocytopenia and severe mucocutaneous bleeding was performed. Examination was carried out using standardized questionnaires to assess bleeding, high-throughput sequencing (Next Generation Sequencing), optical and fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry with activation and analysis of intracellular calcium signaling of platelets, light transmission aggregometry and thrombus growth in the flow chamber.

Results

Analysis of the patient’s genotype revealed a previously undescribed c.655 A > G (p.K219E) variant in the hotspot of the SLFN14 gene. Immunofluorescence and brightfield examination of platelets in the smear showed heterogeneity in cells size, including giant forms over 10 μm (normal size 1–5) in diameter, with vacuolization and diffuse distribution of β1-tubulin and CD63. Activated platelets showed impaired contraction and shedding/internalization of GPIb. GP IIb/IIIa clustering was increased at rest and attenuated upon activation. Intracellular signalling study revealed impaired calcium mobilization upon TRAP 35.97 nM (reference range 180 ± 44) and CRP-XL 10.08 nM (56 ± 30) stimulation. Aggregation with ADP, collagen, TRAP, arachidonic acid and epinephrine was impaired in light transmission aggregometry; agglutination with ristocetin persisted. In the flow chamber with a shear rate of 400 s-1 platelet adhesion to collagen and clot growth were impaired.

Conclusion

The revealed disorders of phenotype, cytoskeleton and intracellular signaling explain the nature of SLFN14 platelet dysfunction and the patient’s severe hemorrhagic syndrome.
Whole-genome sequencing identifies novel predictors for hematopoietic cell transplant outcomes for patients with myelodysplastic syndrome: a CIBMTR study
Authors: Zhang Tao , Auer Paul , Dong Jing , Cutler Corey , Dezern Amy E. , Gadalla Shahinaz M. , Deeg H. Joachim , Nazha Aziz , Carlson Karen-Sue , Spellman Stephen , Bolon Yung-Tsi , Saber Wael
Published: April 2023

Recurrent mutations in TP53, RAS pathway and JAK2 genes were shown to be highly prognostic of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (alloHCT) outcomes in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). However, a significant proportion of MDS patients has no such mutations. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) empowers the discovery of novel prognostic genetic alterations. We conducted WGS on pre-alloHCT whole-blood samples from 494 MDS patients. To nominate genomic candidates and subgroups that are associated with overall survival, we ran genome-wide association tests via gene-based, sliding window and cluster-based multivariate proportional hazard models. We used a random survival forest (RSF) model with build-in cross-validation to develop a prognostic model from identified genomic candidates and subgroups, patient-, disease- and HCT-related clinical factors. Twelve novel regions and three molecular signatures were identified with significant associations to overall survival. Mutations in two novel genes, CHD1 and DDX11, demonstrated a negative impact on survival in AML/MDS and lymphoid cancer data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). From unsupervised clustering of recurrent genomic alterations, genomic subgroup with TP53/del5q is characterized with the significant association to inferior overall survival and replicated by an independent dataset. From supervised clustering of all genomic variants, more molecular signatures related to myeloid malignancies are characterized from supervised clustering, including Fc-receptor FCGRs, catenin complex CDHs and B-cell receptor regulators MTUS2/RFTN1. The RSF model with genomic candidates and subgroups, and clinical variables achieved superior performance compared to models that included only clinical variables.
Quantitative proteomic screening uncovers candidate diagnostic and monitoring serum biomarkers of ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Hwang Mark , Assassi Shervin , Zheng Jim , Castillo Jessica , Chavez Reyna , Vanarsa Kamala , Mohan Chandra , Reveille John
Published: April 2023

Background

We sought to discover serum biomarkers of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) for diagnosis and monitoring disease activity.

Methods

We studied biologic-treatment-naïve AS and healthy control (HC) patients’ sera. Eighty samples matched by age, gender, and race (1:1:1 ratio) for AS patients with active disease, inactive disease, and HC were analyzed with SOMAscan™, an aptamer-based discovery platform. T-tests tests were performed for high/low-disease activity AS patients versus HCs (diagnosis) and high versus low disease activity (Monitoring) in a 2:1 and 1:1 ratio, respectively, to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs).

We used the Cytoscape Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) plugin to find clusters in protein–protein interaction networks and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) for upstream regulators. Lasso regression analysis was performed for diagnosis.

Results

Of the 1317 proteins detected in our diagnosis and monitoring analyses, 367 and 167 (317 and 59, FDR-corrected q < .05) DEPs, respectively, were detected. MCODE identified complement, IL-10 signaling, and immune/interleukin signaling as the top 3 diagnosis PPI clusters. Complement, extracellular matrix organization/proteoglycans, and MAPK/RAS signaling were the top 3 monitoring PPI clusters. IPA showed interleukin 23/17 (interleukin 22, interleukin 23A), TNF (TNF receptor-associated factor 3), cGAS-STING (cyclic GMP-AMP synthase, Stimulator of Interferon Gene 1), and Jak/Stat (Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1), signaling in predicted upstream regulators. Lasso regression identified a Diagnostic 13-protein model predictive of AS. This model had a sensitivity of 0.75, specificity of 0.90, a kappa of 0.59, and overall accuracy of 0.80 (95% CI: 0.61–0.92). The AS vs HC ROC curve was 0.79 (95% CI: 0.61–0.96).

Conclusion

We identified multiple candidate AS diagnostic and disease activity monitoring serum biomarkers using a comprehensive proteomic screen. Enrichment analysis identified key pathways in AS diagnosis and monitoring. Lasso regression identified a multi-protein panel with modest predictive ability.
Autologous mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for spinal fusion: 10 years follow-up of a phase I/II clinical trial
Authors: Gomez-Ruiz Victoria , Blanco Juan F. , Villarón Eva M. , Fidalgo Helena , López-Parra Miriam , Sánchez-Guijo Fermín
Published: April 2023

Posterolateral spinal fusion is the standard surgical approach for patients with degenerative disc disease. In our previously published article, we reported a 5-years follow-up of a phase I/II clinical trial in patients undergoing spinal fusion with autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) embedded in tricalcium phosphate. In the current manuscript, we have updated the results with a 10-year follow-up, the longest reported to date in this setting. After clinical and radiological evaluation, safety of the procedure was further confirmed in all 11 treated patients, with no evidence of tumor, infection, inflammatory reaction, or heterotopic ossification related to the administration of MSCs. Regarding clinical efficacy, low back pain and radicular pain (both assessed by the visual analogue scale—VAS), and the Owestry Disability Index remained significantly lower compared to pre-intervention. Radiologic evaluation demonstrated spinal fusion in all cases, improving over time. Finally, quality of life improved significantly also during follow-up. In summary, the use of tricalcium phosphate-embedded autologous MSCs with lumbar posterolateral arthrodesis is safe and potentially provides long-term benefits for 10 years.
Improving the response to oxaliplatin by targeting chemotherapy-induced CLDN1 in resistant metastatic colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Cherradi Sara , Garambois Véronique , Marines Johanna , Andrade Augusto Faria , Fauvre Alexandra , Morand Olivia , Fargal Manon , Mancouri Ferial , Ayrolles-Torro Adeline , Vezzo-Vié Nadia , Jarlier Marta , Loussaint Gerald , Huvelle Steve , Joubert Nicolas , Mazard Thibault , Gongora Céline , Pourquier Philippe , Boissière-Michot Florence , Rio Maguy Del
Published: April 2023

Background

Tumor resistance is a frequent cause of therapy failure and remains a major challenge for the long-term management of colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of this study was to determine the implication of the tight junctional protein claudin 1 (CLDN1) in the acquired resistance to chemotherapy.

Methods

Immunohistochemistry was used to determine CLDN1 expression in post-chemotherapy liver metastases from 58 CRC patients. The effects of oxaliplatin on membrane CLDN1 expression were evaluated by flow cytometry, immunofluorescence and western blotting experiments in vitro and in vivo. Phosphoproteome analyses, proximity ligation and luciferase reporter assays were used to unravel the mechanism of CLDN1 induction. RNAseq experiments were performed on oxaliplatin-resistant cell lines to investigate the role of CLDN1 in chemoresistance. The “one-two punch” sequential combination of oxaliplatin followed by an anti-CLDN1 antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) was tested in both CRC cell lines and murine models.

Results

We found a significant correlation between CLDN1 expression level and histologic response to chemotherapy, CLDN1 expression being the highest in resistant metastatic residual cells of patients showing minor responses. Moreover, in both murine xenograft model and CRC cell lines, CLDN1 expression was upregulated after exposure to conventional chemotherapies used in CRC treatment. CLDN1 overexpression was, at least in part, functionally related to the activation of the MAPKp38/GSK3β/Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Overexpression of CLDN1 was also observed in oxaliplatin-resistant CRC cell lines and was associated with resistance to apoptosis, suggesting an anti-apoptotic role for CLDN1. Finally, we demonstrated that the sequential treatment with oxaliplatin followed by an anti-CLDN1 ADC displayed a synergistic effect in vitro and in in vivo.

Conclusion

Our study identifies CLDN1 as a new biomarker of acquired resistance to chemotherapy in CRC patients and suggests that a “one-two punch” approach targeting chemotherapy-induced CLDN1 expression may represent a therapeutic opportunity to circumvent resistance and to improve the outcome of patients with advanced CRC.
State of the art in research on the gut-liver and gut-brain axis in poultry
Authors: Beldowska Aleksandra , Barszcz Marcin , Dunislawska Aleksandra
Published: April 2023

The relationship between the intestines and their microbiota, the liver, and the neuronal system is called the gut-liver-brain axis. This relationship has been studied and observed for a relatively short time but is considered in the development of research focused on, e.g., liver diseases and intestinal dysbiosis. The role of the gut microbiota in this relationship is crucial, as it acts on poultry’s performance and feed utilization, affecting meat and egg quality. The correct composition of the intestinal microbiota makes it possible to determine the essential metabolic pathways and biological processes of the individual components of the microbiota, allowing further speculation of the role of microbial populations on internal organs such as the liver and brain in the organism. The gut microbiota forms a complex, dense axis with the autonomic and enteric nervous systems. The symbiotic relationship between the liver and gut microbiota is based on immune, metabolic and neuroendocrine regulation, and stabilization. On the other hand, the gut-brain axis is a bidirectional interaction and information transfer system between the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system. The following paper will discuss the current state of knowledge of the gut-liver-brain axis of poultry, including factors that may affect this complex relationship.
The psychometric properties of positive and negative beliefs about the rumination scale in Chinese undergraduates
Authors: Zhou Honggui , Liu Hong , Ma Xiaohong , Deng Yunlong
Published: April 2023

Background

Rumination, a transdiagnostic factor in different psychopathological conditions, is believed to be activated and sustained by dysfunctional metacognition. The Positive Beliefs about Rumination Scale (PBRS) and the Negative Beliefs about Rumination Scale (NBRS) have been used to measure the metacognitive beliefs of rumination and have been investigated in many cultural contexts. However, it remains unclear whether these scales can work as well for the Chinese population. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the psychometric properties of the Chinese versions of these scales and to test the metacognitive model of rumination for students with different levels of depression.

Methods

The PBRS and NBRS were forward-backward translated into Mandarin. In total 1,025 college students were recruited to complete a battery of web-based questionnaires. Exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and correlation analysis were used to test the structure, validity, and reliability of the two scales, as well as their item correlations with rumination.

Results

A new two-factor structure of the PBRS (rather than the original one-factor model) and a new three-factor structure of the NBRS (rather than the original two-factor model) were extracted. The goodness-of-fit indices of these two factor models showed they had a good to very good fit with the data. The internal consistency and construct validity of PBRS and NBRS were also affirmed.

Conclusion

The Chinese versions of the PBRS and the NBRS were generally shown to be reliable and valid, but their newly extracted structures fit the Chinese college students better than their original structures. These new models of PBRS and NBRS are of value to be further explored in Chinese population.
Surgical management of a giant paratubal cyst: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Archer S. , Alaniz V. I. , Huguelet P. S.
Published: April 2023

Background

Surgical management of giant paratubal cysts can be challenging in the pediatric and adolescent population. Larger adnexal masses can heighten suspicion for malignancy, placing the ovary at risk of unwarranted removal, and larger masses sometimes necessitate larger surgical incisions which can increase postoperative pain and delay return to school and regular activities. We present the evaluation and management of a giant paratubal cyst containing 16 l of fluid in an adolescent, using a mini-laparotomy approach.

Case presentation

A 16-year-old patient presented with 1-month history of worsening nausea and increasing abdominal girth. Abdominal imaging revealed a 42-cm adnexal mass. A modified drainage technique with a mini-laparotomy incision was utilized, thereby preventing tumor spill while minimizing size of the surgical incision. Postoperative recovery was complicated by prolonged nausea, but the patient was discharged home 2 days after surgery and returned to school the following week.

Conclusion

This case illustrates that giant adnexal masses can be managed using a mini-laparotomy approach, thereby expediting return to regular activities.
Understanding the relationship between oral health and psychosis: qualitative analysis
Authors: Turner Elizabeth , Berry Katherine , Quinlivan Leah , Shiers David , Aggarwal Vishal , Palmier-Claus Jasper
Published: April 2023

Background

Individuals with psychosis have poor oral health compared with the general population. The interaction between oral health and psychosis is likely to be complex and have important ramifications for improving dental and mental health outcomes. However, this relationship is poorly understood and rarely studied using qualitative methods.

Aims

To explore patient perspectives on the relationship between oral health and psychosis.

Method

The authors recruited 19 people with experiences of psychosis from community mental health teams, early intervention in psychosis services, and rehabilitation units. Participants completed a qualitative interview. Transcripts were analysed with reflexive thematic analysis.

Results

The analysis resulted in three themes: theme 1, psychosis creates barriers to good oral health, including a detachment from reality, the threat of unusual experiences and increased use of substances; theme 2, the effects of poor oral health in psychosis, with ramifications for self-identify and social relationships; and theme 3, systems for psychosis influence oral health, with central roles for formal and informal support networks.

Conclusions

Psychosis was perceived to affect adherence to oral health self-care behaviours and overall oral health. Poor oral health negatively affected self-identity and social relationships. Clinical implications include a systemic approach to provide early intervention and prevention of the sequelae of dental disease, which lead to tooth loss and impaired oral function and aesthetics, which in turn affect mental health. Participants felt that mental health services play an important role in supporting people with oral health.
Tuberculosis of Adrenal Glands—A Population-based Case-control Study
Authors: Lindh Jonatan D , Patrova Jekaterina , Rushworth R Louise , Mannheimer Buster , Falhammar Henrik
Published: April 2023

Purpose

Adrenal tuberculosis (ATB) can cause primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) or may be misdiagnosed as nonfunctional adrenal tumors (NFATs) in patients with tuberculosis. Very little is known about its epidemiology in a modern, high-income setting. The aim was to investigate adrenal involvement and associated mortality in patients with tuberculosis.

Methods

By using national registers, patients with tuberculosis and adrenal lesions were compared with controls without adrenal tumors. To analyze mortality in individuals with ATB or possible adrenal affection (ie, tuberculosis and NFAT), a subgroup of controls with tuberculosis was selected. The study population was included from 2005 to 2019 and followed until death or 2020. In mortality adjustments were made for age and sex.

Results

Eight patients with ATB, 23 232 patients with NFAT, and 144 124 controls were included. Among those with NFAT, we found 34 with tuberculosis and NFAT. Among controls, 129 individuals diagnosed with tuberculosis were identified. The risk of having an adrenal tumor was increased in tuberculosis (odds ratio, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.12-2.39). Of those with ATB, 7 (88%) had PAI. One patient (3%) with tuberculosis and NFAT and 1 (0.8%) control with tuberculosis had PAI. Compared with controls with tuberculosis, mortality was increased in patients with ATB (hazard ratio, 5.4; 95% CI, 2.2-13.2; adjusted hazard ratio, 6.2; 95% CI, 2.5-15.6), and in patients with tuberculosis and NFAT (1.3; 0.6-2.7; 2.3; 1.1-5.1). PAI was a contributing factor in 4/6 (67%) deaths in patients with ATB.

Conclusions

Tuberculosis with adrenal lesions was extremely rare. Most patients with ATB had PAI and mortality was increased.
Diagnostic Evaluation of Stroke Etiology
Authors: Meschia James F.
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVE

Precise therapies require precise diagnoses. This article provides an evidence-based approach to confirming the diagnosis of ischemic stroke, characterizing comorbidities that provide insights into the pathophysiologic mechanisms of stroke, and identifying targets for treatment to optimize the prevention of recurrent stroke.

LATEST DEVELOPMENTS

Identifying the presence of patent foramen ovale, intermittent atrial fibrillation, and unstable plaque is now routinely included in an increasingly nuanced workup in patients with stroke, even as ongoing trials seek to clarify the best approaches for treating these and other comorbidities. Multicenter trials have demonstrated the therapeutic utility of patent foramen ovale closure in select patients younger than age 60 years. Insertable cardiac monitors detect atrial fibrillation lasting more than 30 seconds in about one in ten patients monitored for 12 months following a stroke. MRI of carotid plaque can detect unstable plaque at risk of being a source of cerebral embolism.

ESSENTIAL POINTS

To optimize the prevention of recurrent stroke, it is important to consider pathologies of intracranial and extracranial blood vessels and of cardiac structure and rhythm as well as other inherited or systemic causes of stroke. Some aspects of the stroke workup should be done routinely, while other components will depend on the clinical circumstances and preliminary testing results.
The Caenorhabditis elegans anchor cell transcriptome: ribosome biogenesis drives cell invasion through basement membrane
Authors: Costa Daniel S. , Kenny-Ganzert Isabel W. , Chi Qiuyi , Park Kieop , Kelley Laura C. , Garde Aastha , Matus David Q. , Park Junhyun , Yogev Shaul , Goldstein Bob , Gibney Theresa V. , Pani Ariel M. , Sherwood David R.
Published: April 2023

Cell invasion through basement membrane (BM) barriers is important in development, immune function and cancer progression. As invasion through BM is often stochastic, capturing gene expression profiles of actively invading cells in vivo remains elusive. Using the stereotyped timing of Caenorhabditis elegans anchor cell (AC) invasion, we generated an AC transcriptome during BM breaching. Through a focused RNAi screen of transcriptionally enriched genes, we identified new invasion regulators, including translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP). We also discovered gene enrichment of ribosomal proteins. AC-specific RNAi, endogenous ribosome labeling and ribosome biogenesis analysis revealed that a burst of ribosome production occurs shortly after AC specification, which drives the translation of proteins mediating BM removal. Ribosomes also enrich near the AC endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Sec61 translocon and the endomembrane system expands before invasion. We show that AC invasion is sensitive to ER stress, indicating a heightened requirement for translation of ER-trafficked proteins. These studies reveal key roles for ribosome biogenesis and endomembrane expansion in cell invasion through BM and establish the AC transcriptome as a resource to identify mechanisms underlying BM transmigration.
Pten inhibition dedifferentiates long-distance axon-regenerating intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells and upregulates mitochondria-associated Dynlt1a and Lars2
Authors: Rheaume Bruce A. , Xing Jian , Lukomska Agnieszka , Theune William C. , Damania Ashiti , Sjogren Greg , Trakhtenberg Ephraim F.
Published: April 2023

Central nervous system projection neurons fail to spontaneously regenerate injured axons. Targeting developmentally regulated genes in order to reactivate embryonic intrinsic axon growth capacity or targeting pro-growth tumor suppressor genes such as Pten promotes long-distance axon regeneration in only a small subset of injured retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), despite many RGCs regenerating short-distance axons. A recent study identified αRGCs as the primary type that regenerates short-distance axons in response to Pten inhibition, but the rare types which regenerate long-distance axons, and cellular features that enable such response, remained unknown. Here, we used a new method for capturing specifically the rare long-distance axon-regenerating RGCs, and also compared their transcriptomes with embryonic RGCs, in order to answer these questions. We found the existence of adult non-α intrinsically photosensitive M1 RGC subtypes that retained features of embryonic cell state, and showed that these subtypes partially dedifferentiated towards an embryonic state and regenerated long-distance axons in response to Pten inhibition. We also identified Pten inhibition-upregulated mitochondria-associated genes, Dynlt1a and Lars2, which promote axon regeneration on their own, and thus present novel therapeutic targets.
Technische Vorbemerkungen zur Erforschung einer spätkeltischen Wallanlage
Authors: Richner Kaspar , Stegmüller Christian
Published: April 2023

Der Erhaltungszustand des Basler Murus Gallicus verlangte nach einer besonderen Sondiermethode: Während die Steine der Trockenmauer an der Wallfront nicht übersehen werden können, sind die Balken der Holzarmierung des Wallinnern im trockenen Boden nur noch als Negative (Hohlräume oder lockere Zonen in der Wallschüttung) erhalten.

Es ist deshalb von grösster Wichtigkeit, die Balkennegative bereits vor dem Freilegen in der Fläche zu erkennen. Hierzu wird die Abbaufläche mit einer Sonde systematisch abgesucht.
Predigerkirche in Basel
Authors: Moosbrugger Rudolf , Eggenberger Peter , Stöckli Werner
Published: April 2023

Die archäologischen und baugeschichtlichen Untersuchungen ergaben die Rekonstruktion von drei mittelalterlichen Bauten. Während des Baus der ältesten Kirche, die um die Mitte des 13. Jahrhunderts fertiggestellt wurde, postuliert Moosbrugger eine sogenannte Behelfskirche. Als Weihedatum der zweiten, erweiterten Kirche, die sich durch eine klare Disposition der Bettelordenkirchen auszeichnet, wird das Jahr 1269 genannt. Eine Notkirche, die nach dem Erdbeben 1356 errichtet wurde, stand wohl nur wenige Jahre. Die Wiederherstellungsarbeiten für den spätmittelalterlichen, dritten Bau erfolgten sehr rasch. Bei den Untersuchungen des nördlichen Kreuzganges kamen vor allem sandsteinerne Grabplatten aus dem 15. Jahrhundert zum Vorschein. Im Chor fanden sich drei Tumben.
Münzfunde
Authors: Schärli Beatrice
Published: April 2023

Im Verlauf der Ausgrabungen in der Predigerkirche kamen mehrere Münzen und -fragmente zum Vorschein, die sich trotz ihrer äusserst schlechten Erhaltung als neun verschiedene Münzen identifizieren liessen. Aus dem Rahmen fällt die einzige antike Münze, die sich in einer hohlen Löwenkopfapplique eines barocken Zinnsarkophages befand. Acht mittelalterliche und eine neuzeitliche Münze lagen in Einfüllungen von Grabkammern.
Töpferin und der Schmied (Katalog)
Authors: Jud Peter
Published: April 2023

Keramiktypen Basel-Gasfabrik 1989/5, Katalog und Tafeln.

Band A: Text

Band B: Katalog
mittelalterliche Friedhof der ersten jüdischen Gemeinde in Basel
Authors: Alder Cornelia , Matt Christoph Philipp
Published: April 2023

In Basel gab es während wenigstens 200 Jahren eine jüdische Gemeinde. Teile ihres Friedhofes kamen beim Bau des Kollegiengebäudes der Universität am Petersplatz 1937 und 2002/03 bei Umbauten zum Vorschein. In beiden Fällen wurden die Skelette der Israelitischen Gemeinde zur Wiederbestattung übergeben. An Funden kamen 1937 ausser ca. 150 Körpergräbern noch ca. 200 Münzen sowie viele Grabsteine zum Vorschein, 2002/03 lediglich 1 Grabsteinfragment. Die Skelette konnten anthropologisch bearbeitet werden.
archäologische Befund
Authors: Matt Christoph Ph.
Published: April 2023

Der Beitrag von Christoph Ph. Matt liefert einen Überblick über die wesentlichsten Ergebnisse der archäologischen Ausgrabungen und baugeschichtlichen Untersuchungen in den Häusern Schneidergasse 8-12, soweit sie für das Verständnis der Resultate der osteologischen Auswertung von Jacqueline Reich nötig sind.
High Technology in the Sphere of Mental Production of Personality
Authors: Andreev Anatoliy
Published: April 2023

High technology exists not only in the field of IT. They also exist in the sphere of the mental production of personality (MPP). As long as the technology of material change in the world dominates the technology of change in the inner world of man, our future is war. Talking about these technologies is not only possible, but also essential. The technologies of mental production are understood as technological support and ensuring the transition from an unconscious type of information management to a conscious one (from an individual to a person). The technology of such production (personocentrism), which can change the quality of thinking, the author connects with the study of fiction
The main aspects of communication in a foreign language and their role in teaching a foreign language
Authors: Bashlueva Natalya
Published: April 2023

The main purpose of the study is to consider the three main components of language communication. When mastering many sign-forming means of a foreign language (not only written, but also sound), their description may be useful; as a result of mastering a group of structures, it is sometimes advisable to give a descriptive summary of what has been mastered. Structures that are fundamentally different from the structures of the native language deserve special attention. The article formulates the prerequisites that actualize the question of the auxiliary function of descriptive grammar. Special attention is paid to the division of signs into ready-made and new ones. The study emphasizes the purely auxiliary function of descriptive grammar, which can never, under any circumstances, become the main tool for mastering the sign-forming means of language. It is also appropriate to emphasize that the role of grammar in school teaching of a foreign language is characterized here with the utmost clarity, the formation of new signs with its help. It is the physical reproduction of new or ready-made signs (in a sound language or in writing) that is of paramount importance, being inextricably linked with the first two components of communication and complementing them. The mere mechanical ability to correctly articulate sounds or write letters does not yet provide the proper level of message transmission. It is achieved only by simultaneous development and complete fusion of all three aspects of activity in this phase of language communication.
Management of interpersonal relations in a team
Authors: Sepiashvili Ekaterina
Published: April 2023

a modern leader must create conditions for well-coordinated work in the team, but it is noted that conflict situations may arise from time to time, in order to exclude such situations, it is necessary to create conditions for employees to perform their professional and managerial activities. In the scientific literature, a general theoretical foundation for the study of professional and managerial activities by domestic and foreign researchers has been developed. It was revealed that the performance of tasks in various departments of the organization has a professionally oriented character and is based on a personality-activity approach, which considers the individual psychological characteristics of employees, their abilities, cognitive styles, interests, needs, motives and professionally significant qualities. All this, at the present stage, especially in organizations with a small number of employees, requires additional research in the management of interpersonal relationships in a team.