bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
USE OF EARLY NASAL CONTINUOUS POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE IN PRETERM NEONATES WITH HYALINE MEMBRANE DISEASE
Authors: Kumar Rakesh
Published: April 2021

Background & Objective: Mechanical ventilation is the standard treatment for hyaline membrane disease (HMD) and
has increased neonatal survival. However this increased survival has come at the expense of increased morbidity in the
form of chronic lung disease, longer duration of hospitals stay and at the cost of expensive technology. Alternate form of respiratory support is
early nasal CPAP. Hence present study aims at managing increasing number of preterm babies with HMD with a non-invasive approach in the
form of early nasal CPAP. Methods: 50 babies of 28-34 weeks gestational age admitted in neonatal ICU of pediatrics Department at Patna
Medical collage & hospital, Patna with clinical diagnosis of HMD, requiring respiratory support were treated with early nasal CPAP and studied
prospectively from 01.12.2019 to 30.11.2020. Chi-square and other appropriate tests. We found a succ Statistical analysis: Results: ess rate of
80% in babies with HMD, who were managed with early nasal CPAP alone. Remaining 20% needed intubation and higher mode of ventilation.
Mild and moderate grade HMD were effectively managed with early nasal CPAP (P<0.05). It was also found to be effective in babies of mothers
who have received antenatal steroids (P<0.05). Prematurity is the commonest predi Conclusion: sposing cause for HMD. Early nasal CPAP is
safe, inexpensive and effective means of respiratory support in HMD. it is useful in mild and moderate grade disease. It may not be a replacement
for assisted ventilation in severe disease. It is also found to be effective in babies of mothers who have received antenatal steroids
Adaptive Dynamic Programming based Control Scheme for Uncertain Two-Wheel Robots
Authors: Nguyen Linh
Published: April 2021

The paper addresses the problem of effectively controlling a two-wheel robot given its inherent non-linearity and parameter uncertainties. In order to deal with the unknown

and uncertain dynamics of the robot, it is proposed to employ the adaptive dynamic programming, a reinforcement learning based technique, to develop an optimal control law. It is interesting that the proposed algorithm does not require kinematic parameters while finding the optimal state controller is guaranteed. Moreover, convergence of the optimal control scheme is theoretically proved. The proposed approach was implemented in a synthetic

two-wheel robot where the obtained results demonstrate its

effectiveness.
First-Line PARP Inhibitors—Emerging Side Effects Require Caution: A Case of PARPi-Induced Pneumonitis
Authors: McLaren Alistair , Cartwright Douglas , Ross Ewen , Roxburgh Patricia
Published: April 2021

Niraparib, an inhibitor of poly(adenosine diphosphate [ADP]-ribose) 1 and 2, has been shown to improve progression free survival in patients when used as maintenance treatment after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy in advanced stage (III to IV) high-grade ovarian cancer, and after platinum-based chemotherapy for relapsed disease. For grades greater than III, commonly reported side effects include bone marrow suppression (thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, and anemia) and hypertension. However, grade ≥ III pneumonitis was not reported in phase III trials (PRIMA or NOVA). We present a case of life-threatening niraparib-induced pneumonitis. With recent approval for use of first-line maintenance niraparib in the United States and Europe, knowledge of the side effects and how to manage them is vital.
IMPLEMENTASI METODE ELECTRE UNTUK PEMILHAN PONDOK PESANTREN
Authors: Fatkhurrizqi Maolana , Hadikurniawati Wiwien
Published: April 2021

Pondok pesantren merupakan pendidikan rujukan alternatif bagi para pelajar yang ingin mendalami ilmu agama islam. Persaingan teknologi dari beberapa pondok pesantren salafi dan moderen menjadikan suatu kebimbangan dalam memilih pondok pesantren yang sesuai dengan kriteria.Kebingungan dan kebimbangan dari calon siswa dan orang tua tersebut mendorong untuk dibangunnya suatu system atau aplikasi untuk memilih pondok pesantren dengan beberapa kriteria dan alternative.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan solusi alternative yang sesuai dengan keinginan dan harapan calon siswa dan orang tua dalam menentukan pondok pesantren.Sistem yang dibangun mampu memberika nrekomendasi alternative pondok pesantren dengan menggunakan metode ELECTRE.Metode ini merupakan metode outranking berdasarkan analisis concordance (kesesuaian).Metode ELECTRE dapat mengolah informasi menjadi suatu alternative yang baik dan sekaligus membuat perangkingan pada serangkaian alternative, sehingga mampu memberikan hasil berupa alternative yang paling optimal.
The Welcome to the Village Festival As an Interactive Space for Entrepreneurial Innovation: Lessons Learned
Authors: Tiekstra Sybrith M. , Smink Carla K.
Published: April 2021

This article presents an exploratory study of the potential role of a music and arts festival in supporting entrepreneurial innovation processes. Although festivals in practice are developing their function as innovation facilitators, there has been only little academic attention from
both entrepreneurship and festival studies for this trend. This article brings together extant literature on entrepreneurial innovation and festival spaces to conceptualize how interactions enabled by festivals may support entrepreneurial value proposition development. Based on a qualitative
exploratory case study of the innovation program of the Dutch Welcome to the Village festival it is shown that festivals can potentially facilitate useful interactions with various stakeholders for entrepreneurs. It is found that these interactions can inform the direction of the entrepreneurial
process and product/service development. However, relevant potential interactions remained latent and the transference of the results beyond the festival was limited. Recommendations are made on how this potential of the festival may be more strategically exploited. We propose that a more
purposeful interaction design could benefit the festival-innovation programs (e. g., by mapping the connections as we have in this article). It also recommended for managers of these innovation programs to develop organizational structures that bridge the apparent divide between the festival
and real world.
DISTANCE DOMINATION ON TOPOLOGICAL GRAPHS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
Authors: Veerasivaji R. , Meenakshi S.
Published: April 2021

In this paper we introduce topological graph as bus topological graph, ring topological graph, star topological graph, mesh topological graph and hybrid topological graph. We extend the result that if T is a tree and it has maximum degree m then there exist at least m pendant vertices in to if T is a tree except bus topological graph and it has maximum degree m then there exist exactly m pendant vertices.
АКТУАЛЬНІ ПРОБЛЕМИ ПСИХОЛОГІЧНОЇ ПРОТИДІЇ НЕГАТИВНИМ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНИМ ВПЛИВАМ НА ОСОБИСТІСТЬ ТА ШЛЯХИ ЇХ ПОДОЛАННЯ
Authors: Максименко Сергій Дмитрович
Published: April 2021

Сутність соціальної ситуації у сучасному світі полягає в тому, що зросло значення психологічного фактору особистісного існування у формуванні та функціонуванні процесу, який викликаний пандемією. Ми не беремося аналізувати його складові, але ми можемо констатувати деякі речі, що з психологічного погляду захоплюють усі верстви населення і впливають на ключові державні, політичні й економічні позиції. Це певна манія переслідування і дотримання правил захисту, що стало манічним станом у суспільстві. Манія переслідування стає домінуючою одиницею, до якої долучається алогічність мислення, що проявляється у неадекватному ставленні до світу й до себе, до рідних і близьких… І це є специфічною формою роздвоєння свідомості, коли з’являються незрозумілі та парадоксальні агресивно-депресивні синдроми. З одного боку, це агресія, а з іншого — боязнь усього навколишнього.
The Genetic Aspect of Non-Syndromic Cleft Lip and Palate towards Candidate Genes in the Etiology : A literature Review
Authors: Mala Kurniati  , RM Coen Pramono D  , Agung Sosiawan  , Ni Wayan Tirtaningsih
Published: April 2021

Cleft lip and cleft palate (CL/P) is a cleft lip deformity indicated by an opening or an uncommon cleft inthe lip or roof of the mouth (palate). The differences in ethnicity, gender, and the correlation with geneticfactors influence the prevalence of Non-syndromic CL/P. This study was conducted through a literaturereview on genes that were allegedly associated with Non-syndromic CL/P. Genetics play a role, to a greateror lesser extent, in all diseases. Besides, palatogenesis involves many diverse genes in a complex process.In this case, oral cleft phenotypes develop when this process is disrupted in some manner because of genedysfunction. Various genetic approaches, including genome-wide and candidate gene association studiesas well as linkage analysis, have been undertaken to identify etiologic factors, but results have often beeninconclusive or contradictory. Therefore, it concludes that the genetic basis of CL/P is still controversialbecause of the genetic complexity of clefting
Evaluation of Routine hematological parameter and Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) in Myocardial Infarction patients admitted at Dhiraj Hospital
Authors: Mritunjay Kumar Mishra  , DVSS Ramavataram  , Tejas Shah  , Swapan Goswami
Published: April 2021

Background: - An increased systemic and local inflammation in vascular rupture plays a key role in thepathophysiology mechanism of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Routine complete blood count (CBC) isone of the most common and conventional blood test that physicians test cycle.Objective: To study the level of routine hematological parameters and red cell distribution width inMyocardial Infarction.Methodology: - A cross sectional type of study carried out in the department of biochemistry, Smt. B.K.Shah Medical Institute & Research center, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth Vadodara Gujarat. A total 100 myocardialinfarction patients with age group of 25-70 of either gender were collected from Dhiraj General Hospital.Pathological parameter were analyzed by BACKMAN COULTER SYSMEX Kx-21N.Results: - In the age wise distribution of MI patients, we found more number in 58 to 68 age group. Themean levels of pathological parameter were observed with in reference range. In the observation of age wisepathological parameter we found that there increases mean levels of leucocyte count and the mean level ofRDW (18.50±1.80) is increased in 58-68 age group.Conclusion: - RDW is one of the predictive biomarkers for diagnosis of myocardial infarction with cardiacmarkers especially cardiac troponin I (cTn-I). Platelet levels can be monitored in MI patients in early phaseto find out the status of clot.
Histopathological Study of Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
Authors: Jasmin Jasani  , Gargi Joshi  , Harsh Pandya
Published: April 2021

Inroduction:- Urinary bladder tumor is the 7th most common tumor worldwide. Urinary bladder carcinomahas varying type of histological variants and complexity with an aggressive biological behaviour.Methods:- A total of 37 cases of urinary bladder neoplasia [histological proven] of patients admitted in atertiary care teaching hospital were studied retrospectively over the period from June 2019 - Oct 2020 in theDepartment of Pathology. On the basis of histology, these cases have grading by the means of WHO(2016)/ISUP classification.Result:- Out of 37 cases, male were more commonly affected (28 cases) than female (9 cases). A peak ageincidence of cases was in the 6th decade.Conclusion:- In our study, males (75.67%) are more frequently affected compared to females. The mostfrequent neoplastic findings in urinary bladder is invasive papillary urothelial carcinoma (75.66%).
Melatonin Receptor A Gene, Melatonin Receptor C Gene and Ovocalyxin-32 gene polymorphisms associated with some Egg Production in Local Iraqi Chicken
Authors: Israa Luay Hamdan AL-Jaryan  , Walaa Salih Hassan  , Muhannad Munthir AL-Rekabi
Published: April 2021

The aim of this research is to detect genetic polymorphisms of some candidate genes associated with eggproduction trait and to find the relationship between some of these genetic sites and the productive traitsof Local Iraqi chickens that will be used for the national poultry breeding programs to increase quality eggproduction in endogenous chicken. Genomic DNA were extracted and then amplified three genes (melatoninreceptor a gene MTNRa, melatonin receptor c gene MTNRc and ovocalyxin-32 gene (OCX-32). (MTNRa)gene amplified by PCR-SSCP method. The distribution of percentages in female Iraqi Local chicken studiedfor (MTNRa) were 73, 20, 5 and 2% for TN, TNA, NN and TT SSCP-genotype respectively. It turnedout that phenotypic polymorphisms of MTNRa gene was significant (p<0.05) with Serum Melatonin andMagnesium concentrations, in addition to First egg weight FEW and Body weight at maturity. (MTNRc)gene amplified by PCR-RFLP method, the distribution of percentages of MTNRc genetic location in femaleIraqi Local chicken Flock studied were 23, 61 and 16 % for MM, Mm, mm RFLP-genotype respectively, itturned out that phenotypic diversity of MTNRc gene was significant (p<0.05) in mean of Serum Melatoninand Magnesium concentration, in addition to First egg weight FEW and Body weight at maturity. (OCX-32)gene amplified by PCR-SSCP method. The distribution of percentages in female Iraqi Local chicken studiedwere 98 and 2% for WS and SS (SSCP-genotype) respectively. It turned out that phenotypic polymorphismsof OCX-32 genetic site were significant (p<0.05) with serum Melatonin and Magnesium concentration andBody weight at maturity. The present research suggests that the genes MTNRa, MTNRc and OCX-32 couldbe used as a possible marker in Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) and genomic selection programs for localIraqi chickens.
Short-term Evaluation of Water Sorption of Glass Ionomer Cements
Authors: Monadle R. Hadi
Published: April 2021

Background: The bonding of cement materials to enamel and dentin may be affected by dimensionalchanges which may be happened after water absorption of the cement when it is in water when the fillingused by the person. The aim of our research was to see how much water may be noticed inside preparedcements compared with those with other traditional cements.Method and materials: tow light-cured (1 and 2) and another two chemically-cured (4 and 5) wereprepared. Two types of cements used by the Iraqi dentists also used, first one light-cured (No.3) and the otherwas chemically-cured (No.6) . Thirty samples were produced having 4mm height and 9mm diameter. Fivesamples from each type of cement were prepared. Then we record the weight of each sample was recordedafter setting of the material before putting them in water using very. To remove water from the specimenmaterial a desiccator was used for one day. Samples were kept in water. After different immersing times of5,10,15,30, and 60 minutes, one, three, seven, ten day, and fourteen the weight of each sample was recorded.The value recorded for water absorbed was rounded to the nearest 0.1mg/cm2. Results: light-cured cementsabsorb more water than chemical-cured cements. The highest value was noticed for cement (5) then forcement number (2). The least value was noticed for cement number (3).Conclusion: cements cured by lightabsorbed more water than chemically-cured cements. Modifying cement´s powder components showed noeffect on water sorption, while liquid chemical composition showed noticable effect on water absorbedbythe tested cements
Profile Quantitative Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (qHBsAg) of Chronic Nai?ve Hepatitis B Patients in Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
Authors: Yessy Puspitasari  , Puspa Wardhani  , Munawaroh Fitriyah  , Erik Hasudungan  , Atika  , Ummi Maimunah  , Aryati
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the profile of qHBs Ag profile, and also to investigate the correlation betweenqHBs Ag and HBV DNA. Seventy samples of chronic-nai?ve hepatitis B patients in Dr. Soetomo Hospitalwere analyzed in a cross-sectional study. Patients were categorized according to the HBe Ag positive (n=30)and HBe Ag negative (n=18), also based on qHBs Ag 1000 IU/mL and qHBs Ag >1000 IU/mL. qHBs Agwas correlated with HBV DNA. qHBs Ag by CLEIA method from Sysmex, KOBE HISCL, HBV DNAwas measured by real-time Polymerase Chain method from Gene Xpert, Cepheid. 70 patients nai?ve CHBtreatment showed a median of ALT level 60.21±70.76 U/L. 30 patients showed a positive-HBeAg, 18 patientsshowed negative-HBeAg, 22 patients were not evaluated (N/A). Positive-HBeAg patients had 70% qHBsAg>2500 mg/dL and median HBV DNA 7.49×107IU/mL. Negative-HBeAg patients had 55.6% HBsAg ?1000mg/dL and median HBV DNA 9.66×102 IU/mL. qHBsAg correlated with HBV DNA (p <0.001). This datademonstrated that quantitative HBsAg was associated with a phase of HBV-infection, quantitative HBsAgshowed a moderate correlation with DNA HBV, quantitative HBsAg levels might be a predictor of initiationtherapy for CHB patients.
Effect of Information, Education and Communication (IEC) on Knowledge and Attitude regarding Premarital HIV and Haemoglobin Genotype Testing among Adolescents
Authors: Talatu Abdullah  , PadmaPriya S  , SasiKumar S
Published: April 2021

Background: Premarital screening is a test done for younger adults and couples considering marriage forprevention of genetic, infectious and blood transmitted diseases. Adolescent and college young adults must beeducated about potentially life-threatening infectious and genetic disorders for the promotion of their health,well-being as well their offspring too. For providing accurate and unbiased education and information, theIEC is considered to be an effective intervention strategy. Materials and Methods: The study was done toassess the effect of IEC on knowledge and attitude regarding premarital HIV and Haemoglobin genotypetesting among adolescents in a selected Pre-University Colleges, Bengaluru. An evaluative approach withquasi experimental pre-test and post-test control group design was used. A study sample comprised of 60adolescents in experimental group and 60 adolescents in control group. The sample was selected usinglottery method of the simple random sampling technique. The Structured knowledge questionnaire and Threepoint Likert scale was used to assess the knowledge and attitude level of adolescents respectively. Results:Study results revealed that the experimental group which received IEC showed significant difference in theimprovement of knowledge (p < 0.001) and the attitude score (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Based on the studyfindings, it can be concluded that IEC is a best strategy to spread awareness through proper use of materialsto young people to achieve a desired positive outcomes in terms of improving knowledge and positiveattitude on prevention of life threatening infectious diseases and genetic disorders.
Lipoid Proteinosis - A Rarity in An Adult
Authors: Karthikeya Patil  , Sanjay CJ  , Mahima V Guledgud  , Prasannasrinivas Deshpande  , Aishwarya R  , Nagabhushana Doggalli
Published: April 2021

Background: Lipoid proteinosis is a rare genodermatosis with autosomal recessive inheritance. It isa multisystem disorder characterized by progressive deposition of hyaline material in the skin, mucousmembrane and different organs of the body. The disease is presented by dermatological, laryngeal,ophthalmological, and neurological manifestations. Involvement of oral mucosa may lead to xerostomia anddysphagia; involvement of larynx and eyes results in hoarseness of voice at early infancy and moniliformblepharosis. Extracutaneous involvement includes neurological manifestations like psychosis, partialcomplex seizures, anger, panic attacks, and progressive amnesia. Till date around 300 cases have beenreported in literature.Case Report: A 63 years old male patient reported with chief complaints of pain in the right and left cheekregion, difficulty in swallowing food and dryness of mouth.Conclusion: Lipoid Proteinosis requires multidisciplinary opinion and evaluation by dermatologists,ophthalmologists, otolaryngologists, neurologists and psychiatrist. Clinical features and histopathologicalevaluation aids in the confirmation of the disease. Lipoid proteinosis should be considered one among thedifferential diagnosis when patient reports with difficulty in mouth opening, enlarged tongue, difficult inchewing and swallowing.
Comparison of Casein Phosphopeptide Amorphous Calcium Phosphate Fluoride and Fluoride Varnish on Remineralization of Early Caries Lesions Around Orthodontic Brackets
Authors: Vahid Mollabashi  , Soussan Irani  , Azadeh Kazemisaleh  , Sheida Gharagozlou  , Maryam Seyedtabib
Published: April 2021

Objectives: Orthodontic treatment increases the risk of caries and enamel white spot lesions incidence onthe buccal surface of teeth. This study aims to compare the effect of Casein PhosphoPeptide AmorphousCalcium Phosphate Fluoride and fluoride varnish on remineralization of white spot lesions around orthodonticbrackets.Materials and Methods: In this in-vitro study, 60 premolars teeth were etched for 15 seconds. Then bracketswere bonded with Relicane bond. All teeth were immersed in a demineralization solution for 4 days.The lower part of the bracket was painted with nail polish to prevent the effect of a remineralizing agentto serve as a control group. The teeth were divided into 4 groups, Group 1: treated with fluoride varnish for3 weeks (one-time application), Group2: treated with fluoride varnish for 6 weeks (two-time application),Group 3: treated with casein phosphopeptide and amorphous calcium phosphate with fluoride (CPP-ACPF)for 3 weeks (twice a day), Group 4: treated with CPP-ACPF for 6 weeks (twice a day). Remineralizing agentwas applied on the occlusal of bracket for every tooth Area.then the depth of specimens in treatment and control groups was measured by AutoCAD 2007. Pair-T testand repeated measured ANOVA were used for data analysis by SPSS 23.Result: There was no statistically significant difference between each group of treatment. However, meanremineralization depth in group fourth and mean remineralization area in group three were higher than othergroups.Conclusion: Fluoride varnish and CPP-ACPF have the potential to treat the white spot lesion which iscreated during orthodontic treatment. According to less fluoride varnish use, it seems this substance is abetter option in case of patient’s cooperation is not good.
Pit and Fissure Sealants as a Viable Preventive Tool for Dental Caries
Authors: Priyanka. L. Kalimireddy  , Susant Mohanty
Published: April 2021

Dental caries remains to be a global disease burden and the current ways of preventing it are throughmaintenance of good oral hygiene, watching over the diet intake and pit and fissure sealant application. Pitand fissure sealants are still underused in dental practice. With the availability of the various type of sealantsranging from glass ionomer sealants to resin sealants, we need to improvise our preventive protocols fordental caries. This article provides crisp and compact information on the current status and usage of dentalsealants to encourage the fraternity to use it more often.
Aggressive Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor of Maxilla involving Impacted Third Molar: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Subrat Kumar Padhiary  , Gunjan Srivastava  , Satyabrat Patnaik MDS  , Neeta Mohanty  , Sourav Chandra B Bal
Published: April 2021

Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) is a rare tumor comprising about 2.2% to 7.1% of all odontogenictumors. It is a neoplasm of odontogenic origin having slow-growth rate, noninvasive and benign in nature.Here, we report a case of a young female patient who presented with an aggressive AOT in maxilla involvingthe impacted third molar. Usually, the treatment for AOT comprises of enucleation and curettage, whereasdue to the fast growth rate and aggressiveness of the lesion, subtotal maxillectomy was performed in thiscase. The authors have described about the clinical, radiographic, histopathological and surgical aspect ofthe case.
Myrrh Oil Reduces Gingival Inflammation and Inhibits Gram Negative Dental Plaque Bacteria at Early Stages – A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Bhagyashree Lenka  , Rinkee Mohanty  , Anurag Satpathy
Published: April 2021

Aim: To assess the anti-plaque, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial efficacy of Myrrh oil as an adjunctto scaling and root planing in the treatment of gingival inflammation. Materials and Methods: Subjectswith moderate to severe gingivitis were recruited for this parallel arm, double blind randomized controlledtrial. All subjects underwent SRP at baseline and were randomly divided into Group A (placebo control)and Group B (Myrrh oil). Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) and microbiological analysis was carriedout at baseline, 48 hrs and 1week interval Results: Thirty subjects completed the study. Myrrh oil showedanti-inflammatory and antibacterial efficacy. There were no statistically significant differences betweenthe groups with respect to plaque score at baseline (p=0.25), after 48 hours (p=0.16) and after 1 week(p=0.37). There was a significantly lower gingival inflammation (p=0.02) recorded in the Myrrh oil groupafter 48 hrs. A greater reduction in inflammation from baseline at 48hrs was observed, although there wasno statistically significant difference in gingival inflammation between the groups after1 week (p=0.39).A significantly greater number of fields were observed with score 1 and lesser number of fields with 2 forgram +ve (p<0.001) and gram –ve (p=0.002) bacteria in Myrrh Oil group indicating overall lesser gram+ve and Gram –ve bacterial count in comparison to commercially available Myrrh oil. No adverse effectswere reported by any subject. Conclusion: Myrrh oil when used as an adjunct with scaling and root planningsignificantly reduced the gingival inflammation in 48 hrs and gram-ve bacteria after 1 week.
“Antifungal Stewardship” A Pertinent Exigency in Mycobial Treatment
Authors: Priyanka Debta  , Santosh Kumar Swain  , Ekagrata Mishra  , Fakir Mohan Debta  , Gargi Sarode  , Mahesh Chandra Sahu
Published: April 2021

“Stewardship” is an ethic that exemplifies the conscientious, and sustainable forethought with themanagement of resources. Antifungal stewardship” is evidence-based interventions for judiciousantifungal usage in healthcare setup, to get the best clinical outcomes and minimize adverse events andselective exhaustive pressures. This review briefly catalogues the seven core elements and supplementaryrecommendations by Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortium. Appraisal of AFS requiresa set of metrics which have been categorized into quantitative metrics, quality metrics, patient outcome andmicrobiological metrics and performance metrics or outcome measures. The four domains about barriersconcerning antimicrobial stewardship programs which include “outer setting”, “inner setting”, “individualsinvolved” and “the intervention”, have also been elucidated. At the present scenario, fungal infections areincreasing especially in immunocompromised and cancer patients thus financial strain imposed by these onhealth care is expected to escalate over time as the populace of individuals at risk augment. AFS comes tothe rescue to promote a wholesome utilization of currently available antifungal drugs to stem the tide of theemergence of resistance and morbidity of invasive disease.
Hypersensitivity- An Update
Authors: Mohit Das  , Abhaya Chandra Das  , Sourav Panda  , Rashmita Nayak  , Rinkee Mohanty  , Gatha Mohanty
Published: April 2021

Dentinal hypersensitivity (DHS) can be defines as a short sharp pain that occurs as a response to variousstimuli on exposure of dentinal tubules to the external environment and which cannot be described as anyother disease. The most important part of the treatment is to identify the etiology behind the sensitivity andtreating the condition accordingly. Differential diagnosis may include pulpitis, carious teeth, chipped tooth,cracked tooth syndrome etc. The treatment modalities depend upon whether the sensitivity is due to gingivalrecession, tooth wear lesion or periodontitis or related causes. This review highlights various strategies tocounter this disease as well discusses various desensitizing agents recently in use like Novamin, Biomin,Calcium phosphate dentifrices, Nanoparticles and herbal desensitizing agents.
Control Strategies and Behavioural Changes in the Elimination of COVID-19 from India
Authors: Srishti S. Chatterjee  , Rupsita Sahu  , Ramesh Nagarajappa  , Debasruti Naik
Published: April 2021

The massive spread of the novel coronavirus and its associated disease COVID 19 as a pandemic aroundthe world has gripped the international community, crippled healthcare systems and raised enormous publichealth concerns. The universe attempts to restrict the virus until now have yielded little fruit because of thezoonotic transmission ability of the virus. Countless healthcare professionals have already become infectedwith the disease and dentists are considered to be especially vulnerable. This article reviews the origins ofthe virus, its modes of transmission, symptoms and the recommendation provided to the dentists to diagnoseand manage a patient confirmed/ suspected of COVID 19 in the dental office.
A Comparative Study of the Efficacy of Methylprednisolone Administration Route on Postoperative Sequelae Following Impacted Third Molar Extraction
Authors: Bijayalaxmi Panigrahi  , Santosh Kumar Subudhi
Published: April 2021

Background: Surgery on the lower-impacted third molar typically includes injury to the heavily vascularizedloose connective tissue due to its anatomical location, leading to inflammatory sequelae during the immediatepost-operative stage, including postoperative pain, oedema and trismus.Aims: This prospective, randomized, comparative clinical study was conducted in 30 patients to assess pain,oedema and trismus in patients undergoing surgical removal of impacted third molars.Method: The study sample involves 30 patients, randomly categorized into 3 groups: group 1 (control;no steroids), group 2 (Intra-Muscular injection in Masseter muscle), group 3 (oral tablets). Patient agedbetween 18 and 30, with a similar anatomical position, and similar surgical difficulty, no allergies, withoutany systemic diseases are included. Syndromic patients, patients with periapical pathologies were excludedfrom the study. A single surgeon was working on all patients using a standard technique. On the 2ndand 7th postoperative day, linear oedema and maximal mouth opening were evaluated for both routes ofmethylprednisolone administration and compared.Results: We observed a higher range of mouth opening found in masseter injection group relative to theoral tablet group on Day 2 & 7, for the steroid treatment groups. On postoperative days 2 and 7, the overallincrease in the tragus-commissure, canthus-gonion and tragus-pogonion lines, for control & oral tabletgroups were identical and higher than the masseter injection group.Conclusion: Comparison to the control group following lower third molar surgery, intramassetric injectionprovided improved outcomes than tablet form in limiting oedema and trismus
Effectiveness of Self Instructional Module (SIM) on Knowledge and Attitude regarding Care of Attempted Suicide Patients among Staff Nurses – A Pre Experimental Study
Authors: Raman Deep  , KVS Chaudhary  , Harsha Mary Chacko
Published: April 2021

Suicide is a major public health problem and one of the leading causes of deaths worldwide. The effectsof suicide go beyond the person who acts to take his/her life; it can have lasting effect on family, friendsand communities. The role of a nurse specific to suicide prevention includes both system and patient levelinterventions.Objectives of the study:• To assess the existing knowledge and attitude regarding care of attempted suicide patients among staffnurses.• To evaluate the effectiveness of self –instructional module regarding care of attempted suicide patientsamong staff nurses.• To find out the association of post -test knowledge and attitude regarding care of attempted suicidepatients among staff nurses with selected demographic variables.Materials and Methods: In this pre- experimental research study non probability convenient samplingtechnique was used to select 60 staff nurses from selected Hospitals. A self- structured questionnaire andattitude scale was used to assess the knowledge and attitude of the staff nurses regarding the care of attemptedsuicide patients.Result: The finding of the study revealed that majority 95% (57)of staff nurses had moderate knowledge andonly 5% (3) had inadequate knowledge regarding care of attempted suicide patients in pre-test. After goingthrough Self Instructional Module, 83.37 % (50) of the staff nurses had adequate knowledge and 16.66% (10)had moderate knowledge regarding care of attempted suicide patients. The attitude scale findings revealedthat 100% (60)of staff nurses had neutral attitude regarding care of attempted suicide patients in pre-test andin post-test 100%(60) had positive attitude regarding care of attempted suicide patients.Conclusion: Study concludes that going through Self-Instructional module helps method in improvingknowledge and attitude of the staff nurses regarding care of attempted suicide patients.
Determination Levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor and Tolk like Receptor -4 and bacterial vaginosis in women with Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion
Authors: Abed Obais Sumaya Yahya , Jassim Alsultany Shaimaa
Published: April 2021

The presents study included Determination levels of Tumor necrosis factor and Tolk like receptor -4 inwomen with recurrent spontaneous abortion in province of Babylon, 100 samples were collected, whereas50 samples with recurrent abortion women and 50 healthy women as control groups ,the results of presentsstudy shown that the concentration of tumor necrosis factor receptor in serum of women with recurrentabortion and control was showed significantly differences between control and cases (P? 0.044), the Meanof tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) in serum of patients women with recurrent abortion was 52.08 pg/ml,Whereas in control, the concentration of tumor necrosis factor receptor in serum of healthy women was42.77 pg/ml.Tolk like receptor 4 concentration in serum of women with recurrent abortion and control was significantlydifferences between cases and control (P ? 0.001), the mean of Tolk like receptor 4 concentration in serumof women with recurrent abortion was 3.95 pg/ml While In serum of women without abortion (control), themean of Tolk like receptors 4 was 2.84 pg/ml.The results of statistical analysis shown that the tolk like receptor-4 marker that is significantly differences at( p ? 0.05 ) positive correlation with age (r = .698**) , and its positively correlation with abortion (r= .505*) ,the tumor necrosis factor receptor was significantly differences at ( p ? 0.05) and positively correlation withage and the value of r was reached to .539*and its positive correlation with abortion ( r =.854**)
Probiotics Intake as Adjunct Therapy for Infected Health-Care with SARS COV-2
Authors: Anna Surgean Veterini  , Eighty Mardiyan Kurniawati  , Hamzah  , Subijanto Marto Soedarmo  , Cita Rosita Sigit Prakoeswa  , Damayanti Tinduh
Published: April 2021

Objectives: We performed this case-control observational study to evaluate the comparison of the length ofduration of SARS COV-2 infection and the cycle threshold (Ct) value of reverse-transcriptase polymerasechain reaction (RT-PCR) nasopharynx swab between the probiotics intake (case) group and the nonprobiotics intake (control) group.Materials and Methods: Our study was a case-control study involving 15 cases and 15 controls matchfor RT-PCR positive results. The participants were healthcare consisted of registrars, consultants, andnurses. Each participant was interviewed by google forms using a structured questionnaire to collect sociodemographic characteristics, diet, therapy from a pulmonologist, and adjunct therapy.Results: The total participants consisted of 15 males and 15 females. 4 participants in the case group hadfebrile, 1 participant with anosmia, 1 participant with febrile, nausea, and vomit before they consumedprobiotics, and 9 participants without clinical complaints. One participant in the control group had feveredand cough, 14 participants without clinical complaints—1 participant with co-morbidities in the controlgroup. The data of age, duration of infection, and cycle threshold (Ct) value were in the normal distribution.Analysis results using SPSS 21.00 show no significant differences in the course of disease between the casegroup and the control group. We found 2 participants in the control group had re-infection, while there wasno re-infection in the case group.Conclusion: The present study’s finding may imply future care for the viral infection through theimmunomodulation mechanism by probiotics consumption.
Dentigerous Cyst Mimicking Odontogenic Keratocyst: A Rare Case Report with 12 Month Follow up
Authors: Rose M Joseph  , Subhagatha Chakraborty  , Anupama Nayak P  , Dharnappa Poojary  , Ashwin Rao  , Nandita KP  , Karuna YM
Published: April 2021

Dentigerous cyst is one of the most commonly seen odontogenic cyst in children. It is characterized by aunilocular radiolucent lesion that encloses permanent tooth buds. Buccal bony expansion and a missing toothis the most common clinical feature. Various treatment modalities have been mentioned in the literature formanagement of dentigerous cysts. This case report presents the management of a left mandibular dentigerouscyst in a 10-year-old boy by surgical enucleation and its follow up.
Prudential Principles Notary in Making Deed Agreement Between Transplant Donor and Recipient
Authors: Sri Nurdiana Purwaningsih  , Sarsintorini Putra  , Anggraeni Endah K.
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Transplantation of organs in humans is one of the fastest-growing alternative treatments. Theuse of donors from non-family members is one of the considerations. Is a notarized agreement between theorgan giver and the organ recipient necessary so that problems do not occur in the future?Objective: This study’s objective was to analyze the principle precautionary in a notarized deed agreementbetween the donor and recipient transplant.Method Research: This research method uses a normative and empirical juridical approach with descriptiveanalytical and normative research specifications.Conclusion: This study found that the alleged buying and selling of kidneys leaves underhand agreements’ongoing problem. The paradigm that applies in the work of notaries is the principle of prudence in doingnotarial deeds. Prudence comes from the word prudence, which is analogically closely related to thesupervisory function management as it applies to banking. A notary caution is required to draft a transplantnotary agreement between donors and recipients so that disputes do not occur in the future.
A Study of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) Regarding Voluntary Blood Donation among Health Care Professionals in Dhiraj Hospital- Vadodara
Authors: R. K. Tandon  , Gunjan Rathod  , Raxitkumar Suthar  , Ashu Dogra
Published: April 2021

Background: Blood components like PCV, Whole Blood, Fresh Frozen Plasma(FFP), Platelet RichPlasma(PRP), Cryoprecipitate demands are increasing day by day in developing countries like India.So in our study to assess the overall knowledge, attitude and practice regarding the extent of blooddonation practice among health care workers have keen importance.Methods and Material: Our study which is a cross sectional study includes total of around 80 health careworkers of Dhiraj Hospital - Vadodara. On the basis of socio-demographic characteristics and accordingto the levels of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice among participants data were collected using a self –administered questionnaire. A structured questionnaire was given to all the health care workers working inthe Dhiraj hospital were taken into consideration.Results: Eighty health care workers were involved in our study which was conducted at Dhiraj hospitalVadodara among which it was found that about 55% donated to serve for humanity. A large group of around15% were donating as a replacement for their kith and kin. Around 10% were because of self motivateddecisions. And on the other side the reasons for non-donation by non-donors was that nobody approached tothem and it constituted to about 6%. Around 57% non donated due to some health related reasons while restof them non donated due to fear of disease transmission and fear of needle which constituted to about 17%.Conclusions: The health care workers of Dhiraj hospital were having overall level of knowledge, attitudeand practice was satisfactory. Health Professionals, various hospitals and blood banks services are demandedto develop new ways so to make blood donation services more reliable and accessible
Writ of Habeas Corpus Vis a Vis Mental Health Patients : An Analysis
Authors: Ishita Sharma
Published: April 2021

Habeas corpus, as a writ has generally been associated with illegal incarceration of individuals. It is a writ,which is considered as an epitome of all remedies as far as implementation of human rights is concerned.Recently, the usage of the writ has surpassed the dimensions of technicalities of procedure of illegal detentionand entered into more intricate aspects of an individual’s life. Consequently, with the passage of time, the writassumed varied dimensions, , one among them being the usage of the writ in relation to individuals sufferingfrom mental health issues, for instance, where the individual is being denied the freedom of movement,occupation and exercising the freedom of choice .Apart from the political domain, the use of the writ has crept into facets of family laws, public laws. Theresearcher shall deal with the outreach of the writ in matters of health law. There has been very scantresearch in the outreach of the reach in aspects transcending political scenarios, owing to the fact that thereexist explicit legislations on such issues and exploring the possibility of the use of the same in the abovementioned arena has been rarely considered. The researcher has recommended an invigorated use of the writapart from illegal incarceration of prisoners through an analysis of several cases on this aspect.
Nanoparticles-Based Face Masks and Respirators for Preventing COVID-19 Transmission: Breathability Versus Biocidal Activities
Authors: Saminan Saminan  , Linda Julisafrida  , Sakdiah Sakdiah  , Ratna Idayati  , Nurul Fajri  , Muhammad Iqhrammullah
Published: April 2021

Use of face masks and respirators are significant in preventing the transmission of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) via respiratory droplets or aerosols. The development of face masks and respirators have beenfocused on the modification using nanoparticles (NPs) to obtain biocidal activities. The incorporation ofNPs can also increase the hydrophobicity of the material that assists the repelling of virus carrying dropletsor aerosols. Nevertheless, the common cost of gaining those benefits is breathability. Previous studies havereported on the discomforts of wearing a face mask or respirator, one of which is stems from breathingdifficulty. At the time of pandemic, maintaining the comfort wearing of face masks or respirators is evenmore crucial. Thus, this review article is important to keep the breathability aspect gaining a spotlight inthe development of NPs-modified face masks or respirators. Herein, we discuss the relationship betweenthe addition of NPs with breathability of the material. In the beginning of discussion, types of protectiverespiratory equipments, and biocidal activities of the modified fabrics are discussed. Strategies in maintainingthe air permeability for long duration use and self-cleansing feature are also discussed.
Vaccine Financing for the Treatment of Covid-19 of Banking Agencies’ in Empowering Small and Medium Health Institution at Aceh
Authors: Yusri Yusri  , Tan Kamello  , Husni Husni  , Iman Jauhari
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this article is to explain the vaccine financing for the treatment of covid-19 of BankingAgencies in an effort to empower Small and Medium Institution in Aceh. This study applies qualitativelegal methods with a descriptive-analytical approach. The results of the study indicate that the vaccinefinancing for the treatment of covid-19 and the existence of the Banking Agencies is instrumental in effortsto empowerment SMHi and covid-19 treatment, but the quantity of SMHi that can be financed very limited.Only a small proportion of SMHi can obtain loan facilities from bank agencies. In conclusion, bank agenciesstill not yet play the important role in empowerment the micro, small and medium Health Institution in Aceh.
Survey Study for Causative Agents of Meningitis Patient in Babylon Province
Authors: Zaytoon A. Al-Khafaji  , Safaa A.AL-Isawi  , Zainab H. Al-zubaidy  , Ameer Kadhim Al-Humairi
Published: April 2021

One of the most dangerous infections that cause elevated morbidity and mortality rates is meningitis.Meningitis in children is one of the life threatening condition in pediatric age group, which needs properand early diagnosis in the emergency department. According to findings and clinical diagnosis (35.3%cases)considered bacterial while (64.7% cases) considered non bacterial meningitis. Most rate of infection ofmeningitis occurred in 2017 ( 38.3%),Male sex, Age< 1 year with a higher prevalence of meningitis. Weconcluded that Bacterial meningitis are still occupying large percentage of cases admitted to hospital, and ifun-diagnosed promptly will have a high mortality.
Which one affect the other, Recurrent Pregnancy Loss or Serum Level of E?cadherin and c-MycBP
Authors: Zena Abdul-Ameer Mahdi  , Nadia M. Al-Hilli  , Maha F. Smaism
Published: April 2021

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a foremost life event and a common pregnancy complication, whichdefined as losses of two or more pregnancies before 20 weeks of gestation. It affects approximately 1% -2% of couples trying to have children. To evaluate the potential role of cellular myelocytomatosis bindingprotein (c-MycBP) and epithelial cadherin (E-cad) serum level as biomarkers in maternal blood and focuson the similarity between tumour invasion and embryogenesis as phenomena by c-MycBP and E?cadherin.This case control study included 50 women with RPL (25 primary RPL and 25 secondary RPL) from threeinfertility clinics in Iraq. In addition to 50 control women with no history of RPL and at least one childbirth. Both groups are matched in age and BMI. Blood sampling was done for all and protein level ofc-Myc BP and E-cadherin were measured by ELISA Kit and analysis done according to the manufacturerrecommendations. The result presented in this study showed a significant difference in c?MycBP level(p<0.001) and E?cadherin (p<0.001) between patients and control. A significant positive correlation hasbeen found between these two biochemical markers (p <0.001, r=?0.39). The present study showed thatdecreasing both c-MycBP and E-cad serum level signpost possible hypothesis that these proteins participatein one way or another in RPL pathogenesis which affect cell proliferation and invasion. However, thisbinding protein transcription factor is a part of a coordinated network of various set of partners whichneed further studies in future. Taken together, additional studies are required to understand and clarify theimportance of these biomarkers on this multifactorial condition.