bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Buen vivir y agricultura familiar en el Totonacapan poblano, México
Authors: Torres-Solís Mauricio , Ramírez-Valverde Benito , Juárez-Sánchez José Pedro , Aliphat Fernández Mario , Ramírez Valverde Gustavo
Published: September 2020

Frente a la crisis civilizatoria que vive la humanidad, es indispensable volver la mirada hacia las propuestas amerindias de la última década que procuran el buen vivir y la responsabilidad social a partir de su relación con la naturaleza. En este contexto, el documento, muestra parte de las estructuras tradicionales del grupo mexicano indígena Totonaca del municipio de Huehuetla, Puebla, resaltando su ciencia holística relacionada con la producción de alimentos, incluyendo las relaciones de complementariedad entre familias y de reciprocidad frente a entes extrahumanos, como elementos de armonía que posibilitan el mantenimiento del hábitat productivo y de convivencia comunal. Para abordar los simbolismos socioculturales con los cuales los huehuetecas interpretan el mundo conocido, el trabajo articuló en campo una serie de estrategias metodológicas donde se destacan la observación-participante y la sistematización de entrevistas y encuestas. Se describe entonces a Tapaxuwan Latamat (Vida en Felicidad) o modo de vida Totonaca huehueteca sustentado a partir de la experiencia de convivir, trabajar, y festejar la ritualidad que existe en la naturaleza, permitiéndonos recordar la existencia de un territorio vivo y sagrado, donde incluso las prácticas agrícolas y ganaderas se procuran bajo relaciones de respeto y convivencia, que tejen lazos entre las entidades que habitan y cuidan el medio junto con los seres humanos, en aras de asegurar la subsistencia.
Familia migrante, escuela y comunidad en los Andes equinocciales: continuidades y cambios en la identidad cultural
Authors: Rodríguez Cruz Marta
Published: September 2020

Cada vez más, las migraciones constituyen una estrategia de diversificación del riesgo de la población indígena debido a la constante pauperización de las economías campesinas. Esto tiene implicaciones sobre los tradicionales patrones familiares y la transmisión y reproducción de la identidad cultural por medio de las jóvenes generaciones. Reconociendo familia, escuela y comunidad como agencias fundamentales en la transmisión de esa identidad cultural, y partiendo de contextos en los que los referentes paternos están ausentes debido a la migración, esta investigación responde a un doble objetivo: qué consecuencias tiene la migración en la reproducción y conservación de la identidad cultural en las generaciones más jóvenes y cuál es el papel de la escuela y de la comunidad en esta reproducción y conservación identitaria. Se emplea una metodología cualitativa y técnicas de observación con y sin participación, grupos de discusión, entrevistas semiestructuradas y conversaciones informales. Los hallazgos muestran que la comunidad tiene un importante rol como catalizador de la identidad cultural, pese a que la estructura familiar nuclear se ha visto afectada por la migración y la escuela no está enfocada en la transmisión y reproducción de la identidad cultural indígena. Esto nos lleva a concluir en la importancia no de dos, sino de tres instituciones principales en la transmisión de la identidad cultural en contextos indígenas: familia, escuela y comunidad.
2018: A Streaming Video Odyssey
Authors: Perry Anali , Grondin Karen
Published: September 2020

In this case study, we reflect on our journey through a major revision of our streaming video reserve guidelines, informed by an environmental scan of comparable library services and current copyright best practices. Once the guidelines were revised, we developed an implementation plan for communicating changes and developing training materials to both instructors and internal library staff. We share our navigation strategies, obstacles faced, lessons learned, and ongoing challenges. Finally, we map out some of our future directions for improving and streamlining our services.
Editorial
Authors: Graf Maiorov Roy E
Published: September 2020

Editorial
Lifetime Experiences Scale (LIFES): Development and validation in community samples
Authors: Azevedo Vanessa , Martins Carla , Maia Ângela
Published: September 2020

This paper describes the development, validation, and reliability of a new measure to assess life experiences reported by adults, the Lifetime Experiences Scale (LIFES). This scale is important because no available measure focuses on both positive and negative life experiences and covers childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. LIFES is a self-report measure consisting of two sections: 75 items (organized into eight domains: school, work, health, leisure, life conditions, adverse experiences, achievements, and people and relationships) regarding lived experiences and blank spaces for non-lived (but desired) experiences. The procedures involved in the development of LIFES are described in detail (e.g., construct, generation of items and questions). Moreover, evidence based on test content, response processes, relations to other variables, and different classes of reliability for community samples are presented. Overall, the results suggest that LIFES presented good evidence of validity and reliability  and can be a valuable tool for research and clinical purposes.
Trait-based Measure of Dehumanization: Adaptation for the Portuguese population
Authors: Campos Lúcia , Louceiro Ana , Brandão Tânia , Bernardes Sónia
Published: September 2020

Although dehumanization (i.e., the denial of full humanness to others; Haslam, 2006) has been a frequent subject in social psychology, a set of traits designed to evaluate this phenomenon has not been validated to the Portuguese population. The main purpose of this study was to translate, culturally adapt and validate a set of dehumanization traits proposed by Haslam and colleagues (Haslam & Bain, 2007; Haslam, Bain, Douge, Lee & Bastian, 2005), which measure both the denial of uniquely human and human nature traits. A sample of 597 individuals (Mage = 40.83; SD = 11.50) were asked to rate a set of 52 traits on how much they perceived each as a characteristic of human nature and human uniqueness, as well as its desirability. T-tests were conducted to distinguish between low and high rated traits in each dimension, and to construct clusters of traits that differ in each dimension. We successfully provide a measure containing positive traits in both senses of humanness dimensions; however, we were only able to validate a human uniqueness measure with negative valence. Implications of this measure for future research on dehumanization processes are discussed.
Bullying homofóbico: Crenças e práticas de estudantes do Ensino Superior em Portugal
Authors: Neves Sofia , Borges Janete , Silva Estefânia , Pereira Vieira Cristina , Neves Sousa Ana
Published: September 2020

O presente estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar as crenças e as práticas de um grupo de 369 estudantes do Ensino Superior português, 282 do sexo feminino e 84 do sexo masculino, com uma média de idades de 21.49, relativamente ao bullying homofóbico. A partir do preenchimento de uma ficha sociodemográfica e de três Inventários, concluiu-se que os homens praticam e sofrem mais bullying homofóbico do que as mulheres. Os/As estudantes portugueses/as que praticam comportamentos violentos contra pessoas lésbicas e gays (LG) apresentam crenças mais conservadoras sobre a orientação sexual LG e sobre o género do que os/as que não praticam. As pessoas que revelam crenças sobre a orientação sexual LG mais conservadoras são também aquelas que revelam crenças de género mais conservadoras (r=0.423, p<0.001). Os homens revelam crenças sobre a orientação sexual LG mais conservadoras (t(102.046)=-4.908,p<.001), sendo também os que praticam mais violência contra pessoas LG.
Schizophrenia and toxoplasmosis: association with catatonic symptoms
Authors: Romanov Dmitry V. , Brazhnikov Aleksey Iu. , Andreyuk Denis S. , Zakharova Natalia V. , Bravve Lidia V. , Kovaleva Vasilisa A. , Abbazova Evgeniya V. , Goncharov Dmitriy B. , Titova Irina V. , Domonova Elvira A. , Kostyuk George P.
Published: September 2020

Introduction. The association between schizophrenia and toxoplasmosis has been demonstrated in a numberof studies: the prevalence of schizophrenia is significantly higher in toxoplasmosis positive subjects than in those withT.gondii negative status. However, the clinical significance of this association remains poorly understood.
Objectives. To identify clinical phenomena that are typical for toxoplasmosis-associated (T.gondii seropositive)schizophrenia compared to Toxoplasma-seronegative schizophrenia.
Methods. A retrospective database analysis of serum samples from 105 inpatients with schizophrenia (ICD-10code: F20; including 55 male patients; mean age of 27.4 6.4 years) was carried out. The clinical examinationinvolved a structured interview including ICD-10 and E. Bleulers criteria for schizophrenia and psychometric tests(Positive and Negative Scales of PANSS). Serum antibodies (IgG) to T.gondii were identified using ELISA. Thestatistical significance of any differences were evaluated using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney (U) and 2 tests.
Results. The proportion of seropositive patients in the sample was 16.2%. Comparing schizophrenia patients, whowere seropositive or seronegative for toxoplasmosis, there were no statistically significant differences for the meantotal PANSS score, mean PANSS-P, PANSS-N or PANSS-G scores. For the majority of PANSS items, differences werealso statistically insignificant, except for G5 and G6mannerism and posturing. Seropositive patients had a higherscore for this item than seronegative patients: 3.5 versus 2.1 points (U=389.5; р=0.001). Depression, on the contrary,was less pronounced in seropositive than seronegative patients: 1.4 versus 2.4 points (U=509.5; р=0.023). In addition,in seropositive patients, the frequency of symptoms such as mutism according to ICD-10 criteria for schizophreniawas significantly higher (23.5% versus 3.4%, 2=9.27, р=0.013), and the whole group of catatonic symptoms accordingto the E. Bleulers criteria for schizophrenia was higher (52.9% versus 28.4%, 2=3.916, p = 0.048).
Conclusion. The association between a positive toxoplasmosis status in patients with schizophrenia and catatonicsymptoms has been revealed for the first time and should be verified in larger studies.
COVID-19: сonsequences for mental health and the use of e-Mental health options
Authors: Gaebel Wolfgang , Lukies Rabea , Stricker Johannes
Published: September 2020

The current COVID-19 pandemic is associated with fear, insecurity, and perceived social isolation worldwide. In this editorial,we discuss the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health among the general population and among particularlyvulnerable groups (e.g., people with pre-existing mental illness). Additionally, we explore the role of e-mental health optionsin times of social distancing. Preliminary empirical evidence indicates that a wide range of people have experiencedmental health difficulties due to the COVID-19 pandemic and corresponding infection-control measures. E-mental healthoptions are a feasible means of addressing psychological distress and mental illness during the pandemic. Thus, theseoptions should be made available in a timely fashion. Future multidisciplinary research is needed to develop e-mentalhealth strategies that specifically focus on the consequences of social isolation, economic hardship and fear of infection.
Community psychiatry in Portugal: a critical review
Authors: Frias Pedro , Pinto da Costa Mariana
Published: September 2020

The mental health system in Portugal evolved from an institutional-centred system to a community-based system,a process which began in 1998 and has gathered pace since 2006.The approval and implementation of the Portuguese Mental Health Law and the Portuguese NationalMental Health Care Plan has contributed to the implementation of institutions and regulations aimed atdecentralized, local and less restrictive models of care. The implementation and evolution process has beensteady and gradual, introducing many of the envisioned changes whilst adapting existing mental healthinstitutions and services.The current article describes this transition process, attempting to identify the strengths and weaknessesof the Portuguese Mental Health System from a community-centred perspective.
Islamophobia, mental health and psychiatry: South Asian perspectives
Authors: Kallivayalil Roy A. , Jilani Abdul Q. , Tripathi Adarsh
Published: September 2020

Asia is the largest and the most populous continent on earth. South Asia has a population of around 1.8 billion,thus constituting about one fourth of humanity. India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, the Maldivesand Afghanistan are the countries in South Asia and many of them are Muslim-majority nations. Although Indiais predominantly a Hindu nation with a total population of 1.4 billion, there are more Muslims in India than in Pakistanand other South Asian nations. Hindus, Muslims, Christians, Sikhs and followers of other religions have lived peacefullyin South Asia for centuries. However, certain incidents of communal violence and other untoward occurrences in SouthAsia suggest that Islamophobia is present here too. The authors discuss demography, cultures and the possible effectof Islamophobia on the mental health of the people of South Asia.
THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE LINEAR DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS FUNCTION AND ITS EVALUATION TO DETERMINE EXTREME METEOROLOGICAL PHENOMENA (ICE DEPOSITS) IN UKRAINE
Authors: Pyasetska S.I. , Grebenyuk N.P. , Savchuk S.V
Published: September 2020

o predict the possibility of ice deposits on the territory of Ukraine in the winter season, an analogous approach is proposed using the construction of the equations of the linear discriminant function. For this, the correlation coefficients between 13 meteorological values (per day) at the start dates of ice deposits at all stations of Ukraine were calculated. Significant correlation coefficients were determined between individual meteorological variables, such as average air temperature, maximum, minimum average air humidity, average wind speed, and atmospheric pressure at sea level. It is these quantities that were used to construct the equations of the linear discriminant function and for the dates of the actual formation of ice deposits and the further forecast of its formation from a three-day lead time. As a result of the calculations for the winter season of 2001-2013 an equation of the linear discriminant function was obtained for the dates of the actual formation of ice deposits and a sufficiently high justification was obtained. Also, to predict the possible formation of ice deposits with a three-day lead time, a prognostic function of linear discriminant analysis was obtained to determine possible such deposits for the winter season of 2001-2010. On the example of the regional centers, a satisfactory assessment of the justification on an independent material for the winter season of 2011-2016 was obtained. Thus, in constructing linear discriminant functions to determine the possibility of such an adverse event as ice deposition, a number of conclusions were obtained: – The sufficiently high validity of the discriminant functions of extreme meteorological phenomena (ice deposits) for the winter season 2001-2013 was obtained. It ranges from 91 % (for the data set at selected dates with ice deposits) up to 90% (for an array of data at the date of extreme cold ). – A sufficiently high estimate of the validity of the independent material for the winter season 2014-2016 was obtained. It is up to 78 % (for an array of data on extreme cold dates and from 90 % ( for an array of data on selected dates with ice deposits) . – The prognostic function of linear discriminant analysis was obtained to determine possible (with 3-day timeliness) extreme meteorological phenomena (ice) during the winter season 2001-2010, using only meteorological values with statistically significant correlation, namely, the maximum air temperature; average humidity; and average wind speed. – Sufficiently significant and satisfactory validity of the prognostic functions of possible (with 3-day timeliness) extreme meteorological phenomena (ice deposits) for the winter season 2001-2010 was obtained.
455 CASES OF ECLAMPSY FROM ST. PETERSBURG
AUXILIARY INSTITUTION
Authors: Bidder E. F.
Published: September 2020

Currently, the question of eclampsia has again come up on the agenda and touches upon all aspects of this subject, both theoretical and practical. New views on pathogenesis are being expressed, even prospects are opening up for a new therapy of this suffering. Many years ago I experimented in this area, of course in a different direction than what is being done now, which is why I found it interesting to use the large amount of material accumulated since then, at my fingertips, to review what we have developed so far in the struggle with this dangerous disease.
Cholera in women
Authors: Feinberg B.
Published: September 2020

From June 15 of this year, from the date of admission of the first patient with cholera to the Saratov city hospital, to August 28, 243 women were admitted, 121 of them died. The ratio of men to women is 1: 0.66.
Stress-induced increased expression of TLR2, TLR3, and TLR4 genes in hypothalamic tissue
Authors: Yankelevich Irina A. , Shustov Mark V. , Martyshkina Yulia S. , Filatenkova Tatyana A.
Published: September 2020

The aim of this work was to study the expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) genes in the hypothalamic structures of the brain, after the application of acute stressful effects. A hypothesis has been put forward about Toll-like receptors as a key link in the mechanisms of the implementation of a stress reaction, including at the level of the central nervous system (CNS). The important role of TLR in the pathogenesis of stress-mediated diseases of the central nervous system is assumed. The expression of TLR2, TLR3, and TLR4 genes in rat hypothalamus was studied for after 3 hours after the application of acute emotional-physical stress. A reliable increase in the level of gene expression of all three receptors at the mRNA level in stressed animals was established compared with the control. The obtained experimental data indicate the activation of the system of Toll-like receptors at the level of the central nervous system under stress. The activation of several receptors of the TLR family with different specificities in the absence of an increase in microbial load, including at the level of pathogen-associated molecular factors (PAMP), may also indicate the likely significant role of endogenous TLR ligands in the described processes.
Relationship between cytokeratins CK8/18&19 and KIM-1 level in urine with apoptosis and necrosis of nephrotheliocytes in rats with toxic nephropathy
Authors: Sivak Konstantin V. , Guseynov Ruslan G.
Published: September 2020

The aim of the article. The aim of this work was to elucidate the role of apoptosis and necrosis in kidney tissue in the development of acute renal damage in poisoning rats with uranyl acetate. The research objectives included modeling acute poisoning in rats, collecting urine and kidney tissue with identifying markers of programmed cell death, tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA, fragments of cytokeratin CK8/18 19), and KIM-1 level in urine. An analysis of the relationship between an early increase in urinary excretion of the TPA and apoptosis level, a kidney injury molecule KIM-1, and necrosis of the tubular epithelial cells during rat poisoning with nephrotoxin uranyl acetate dihydrate.
Materials and methods. Uranyl acetate dihydrate (CAS # 6159-44-0) was administered to 18-week old female Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 175199 g by intragastrically at a dose of 30 mg / 100 g body weight once through an atraumatic probe. Rats were divided into 2 groups: group 1 intact animals (12 individuals), group 2 animals with induced AKI (36 individuals). Daily urine was collected before, on the 1st, 3rd, and 7th day after poisoning in metabolic cages. The concentration of creatinine, KIM-1, tissue polypeptide antigen was measured in urine. In the kidney tissue samples, the fraction of dead cells and nephrothelial cells with apoptotic signs of nuclear changes by fluorescence microscopy with AMD Hoechst 33342 staining was determined. Data processing was performed using GraphPad Prism 6.0.
Results. Acute kidney injury in rats with uranyl acetate dihydrate leads to a rapid increase in urinary excretion of cytokeratin fragments CK8/18 19 due to subtotal damage to nephrothelial cells due to activation of apoptosis, and then an increase in KIM-1 as a marker of necrotic cell death. Fluorescence microscopy of nuclear chromatin stained renal tubule cells showed a significant increase in the proportion of cells with apoptotic bodies, chromatin condensation, and a change in the shape of the nuclei.
Conclusion. Examination of the curves of risk function showed that only creatinine in blood (p = 0.0002) and urine KIM-1 (p = 0.0005) had a significant level of association with rat mortality and necrosis of the nephrothelial cells. A comparative analysis of the relationship between apoptosis biomarker levels TPA (cytokeratin fragments CK8/18 19) and urinary nephrotoxicity marker KIM-1 with the proportion of kidney cells dying by the mechanism of necrosis and apoptosis revealed positive correlations of Spearman in pairs of cytokeratin CK8/18 19 apoptosis (r = 0.73, 95% CI 0.450.88, p 0.0001), KIM-1 necrosis (r = 0.98, 95% CI 0.960.99, p 0.0001). The revealed relationship indicated the possibility of determining urinary tissue polypeptide antigen TPA as a marker of the early stage of acute kidney damage as a surrogate marker of tubular cell apoptosis, and KIM-1 as a marker for necrosis of nephrothelial cells.
Experimental evaluation of the effect of beta-D-glucan on the survival of irradiated mice
Authors: Murzina Elena V. , Sofronov Genrikh A. , Simbirtsev Andrei S. , Aksenova Natalia V. , Veselova Olga M. , Zavirskiy Aleksandr V. , Krylova Tat’yana G. , Shamtsyan Mark M.
Published: September 2020

The relevance is determined by the need to develop new means of antiradiation protection, which could be used for irradiating people in case of emergency situations or for medical use of ionizing radiation for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.
Aim: to evaluate the prospects of beta-D-glucan as a candidate drug for the development of a pharmacological means to reduce the toxic effects of radiation exposure.
Materials and methods. In experiments on male mice the protective effect of beta-D-glucan derived from Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom on the parameters of 30-day survival of irradiated rodents exposed to lethal doses of X-ray radiation was studied. Beta-D-glucan was administered intragastrically in different doses in preventive or therapeutic regimens.
Results. It was shown that intragastric administration of beta-D-glucan at a dose of 500 mg/kg 1 h after 7.5 Gy X-Ray irradiation protected from the death of irradiated mice. There was a 27% increase in the 30-day survival rate of mice compared to the control group (47% and 20%, respectively). This dose of the drug also increased the 30-day survival rate of mice by 26% when administered 0.5 h before or 2 hours after 8 Gy irradiation. The good tolerance of intragastric administration of beta-D-glucan in mice at a dose of 500 mg/kg was shown. There were no negative effects of the drug during 3 weeks of follow-up.
Conclusion. The results can indicate that beta-D-glucan derived from Pleurotus ostreatus has an antiradiation potential in the oral route of administration, having a protective effect on the survival of lethally irradiated animals, and shows the properties of a radiomitigator and radioprotector, but the identified effect requires further study.
Distribution of introduced human mitochondrial DNA in early stage mouse embryos
Authors: Kustova Maria E. , Sokolova Vasilina A. , Kidgotko Oksana V. , Bass Mikhail G. , Zakharova Faina M. , Vasilyev Vadim B.
Published: September 2020

Objective. The aim of study was the analysis of human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) distribution among murine blastomeres in the embryos developing after an injection of human mitochondria suspension at the stage of one or two cells is presented.
Material and methods. Mice CBA/C57Black from Rappolovo aged three weeks were used. Zygotes were obtained upon hormonal stimulation of animals and mated with males. 310 pL of mitochondrial suspension from HepG2 cells was injected into a zygote or one blastomere of a two-cell embryo. Zygotes or two-cell embryos cultured in M3 medium drops covered with mineral oil in Petri dishes. Upon reaching the two-, four- or eight-cell stage the cultured embryos were separated into blastomeres. The latter were lysed and the total DNA was isolated. Human mtDNA was detected by PCR using species-specific primers.
Results. The development of 2848 mouse embryos was monitored. In 520 embryos that achieved the stage of 2, 4, 8 in proper time the presence of human mtDNA was assayed in each blastomere. Along with murine mtDNA all embryos contained human mitochondrial genome, which is an evidence of artificially modelled heteroplasmy. Not every blastomere of transmitochondrial embryos contained foreign (human) mtDNA. Mathematical elaboration evidenced an uneven distribution of human mtDNA in cytoplasm within the time elapsed between the injection of human mitochondria and the subsequent splitting of the embryo.
Conclusion. The results obtained confirm our previous notion of the presence of 1011 segregation units of human mtDNA in the total amount of mitochondria (about 5 ∙ 102) injected into an embryo.
Forecasting for a Fractured Land: A Case Study of the Communication and Use of Aftershock Forecasts from the 2016 Mw 7.8 Kaikōura Earthquake in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Becker Julia S. , Potter Sally H. , McBride Sara K. , H. Doyle Emma E. , Gerstenberger Matthew C. , Christophersen Annemarie
Published: September 2020

Operational earthquake forecasts (OEFs) are represented as time-dependent probabilities of future earthquake hazard and risk. These probabilities can be presented in a variety of formats, including tables, maps, and text-based scenarios. In countries such as Aotearoa New Zealand, the U.S., and Japan, OEFs have been released by scientific organizations to agencies and the public, with the intent of providing information about future earthquake hazard and risk, so that people can use this information to inform their decisions and activities. Despite questions being raised about the utility of OEF for decision-making, past earthquake events have shown that agencies and the public have indeed made use of such forecasts. Responses have included making decisions about safe access into buildings, cordoning, demolition safety, timing of infrastructure repair and rebuild, insurance, postearthquake building standards, postevent land-use planning, and public communication about aftershocks. To add to this body of knowledge, we undertook a survey to investigate how agencies and GNS Science staff used OEFs that were communicated following the Mw 7.8 2016 Kaikōura earthquake in Aotearoa New Zealand. We found that agencies utilized OEFs in many of the ways listed previously, and we document individual employee’s actions taken in their home-life context. Challenges remain, however, regarding the interpretation of probabilistic information and applying this to practical decision-making. We suggest that science agencies cannot expect nontechnical users to understand and utilize forecasts without additional support. This might include developing a diversity of audience-relevant OEF information for communication purposes, alongside advice on how such information could be utilized.
The Western Limit of Iapetan Rifting in the Eastern United States: A New Assessment
Authors: Powell Christine A. , Thomas William A. , Hatcher Robert D.
Published: September 2020

Specifying the extent and location of rifted, crystalline Precambrian crust in the eastern United States is important for seismic hazard evaluation and for models that relate upper-mantle structure to ancient tectonic features and ongoing tectonism. As currently depicted in the National Seismic Hazard Maps (NSHM), the western limit of Iapetan rifted crust is beneath the Appalachian plateau physiographic province, west of the Valley and Ridge province. New estimates of crustal thickness using EarthScope Transportable Array and other data do not support the presence of rifted crust beneath the Blue Ridge, Valley and Ridge, and Appalachian plateau physiographic provinces. Crustal thicknesses exceed 45 km throughout most of this region. The crust thins to the southeast beneath the southeastern part of the Piedmont physiographic province and is only 36 km thick near the edge of the Atlantic coastal plain. We suggest that the western limit of Iapetan rift-extended crust is east of the Blue Ridge province and is associated with the prominent Appalachian gravity gradient. This location coincides with palinspastic reconstructions based on geologic data for the Iapetan rifted margin. Recognition of thick crust beneath the Blue Ridge and Valley and Ridge provinces, unextended by Iapetan rifting, will support more robust modeling of the effects of mantle structure (such as delamination and abrupt changes in lithospheric thickness) on ongoing tectonism and earthquake activity in the eastern United States and will provide more accurate seismotectonic zonation in the NSHM.
Moho Variations across the Northern Canadian Cordillera
Authors: Audet Pascal , Schutt Derek L. , Schaeffer Andrew J. , Estève Clément , Aster Richard C. , Cubley Joel F.
Published: September 2020

Moho morphology in orogens provides important constraints on the rheology and density structure of the crust and underlying mantle. Previous studies of Moho geometry in the northern Canadian Cordillera (NCC) using very sparse seismic data have indicated a flat and shallow (∼30–35  km) Moho, despite an average elevation of >1000  m above sea level attributable to increased thermal buoyancy and lower crustal flow due to elevated temperatures. We estimate Moho depth using receiver functions from an expanded dataset incorporating 173 past and recently deployed broadband seismic stations, including the EarthScope Transportable Array, Mackenzie Mountains transect, and other recent deployments. We determine Moho depths in the range 27–43 km, with mean and standard deviations of 33.0 and 3.0 km, respectively, and note thickened crust beneath high-elevation seismogenic regions. In the Mackenzie Mountains, thicker crust is interpreted as due to crustal stacking from thrust sheet emplacement. The edge of this region of thickened crust is interpreted to delineate the extent of the former Laurentian margin beneath the NCC and is associated with a transition from thrust to strike-slip faulting observed in regional seismicity. More geographically extensive seismograph deployments at EarthScope Transportable Array density and scale will be required to further extend crustal-scale and lithosphere-scale imaging in western Canada.
Nine Major Earthquakes in the United States of the Ionian Islands, 1815–1864
Authors: Albini Paola
Published: September 2020

Nine major earthquakes that affected the islands of Corfu, Paxoi, Lefkada, Kephalonia, Ithaca, and Zakynthos in the Ionian Sea offshore western Greece at the time of British Protectorate of the United States of the Ionian Islands (1815–1864) have been reappraised by means of a systematic investigation of contemporary, locally produced documents of diverse typologies. With an in-depth study of the earthquakes attested by multiple observations, this article complements and concludes the research focused on 50 yr of seismic records that was introduced by my recent companion article on the solitary records of earthquake effects throughout the Ionian Islands. Although some earthquakes discussed in this article had already been studied and interpreted in modern times, the exclusive use of carefully contextualized and independent records of earthquake effects allowed the author to overcome the imprecisions of preceding interpretations. Because of the exhaustive documentation, this study proposes a different vision of the characteristics of these nine major earthquakes from their dates of occurrence to newly assigned sets of intensity data.
The 1871 Lāna‘i Earthquake in the Hawaiian Islands
Authors: Butler Rhett
Published: September 2020

The historic Lāna‘i earthquake of 1871 is reappraised based on new science. This 1871 event occurred between O‘ahu and Maui, where currently 80% of the State of Hawai‘i population resides. I focus on expanding the considered modified Mercalli intensities (MMIs) applied in prior seismic hazard analyses and the application of an earthquake MMI–magnitude, duration–magnitude, and fault-scaling relations. Compared with the MMI–distance trend of the 2019 Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest, California, earthquake, the Lāna‘i event appears larger. The 1871 earthquake and other M≥4.9 earthquakes (measured instrumentally) trend along the Moloka‘i fracture zone (MFZ), suggesting a tectonic relationship. The MFZ near Hawai‘i is the boundary between ∼85 and ∼100  Ma age lithosphere. Consistent with the preponderance of available evidence and new science, I propose a hypothetical, revised Mw∼7.5 earthquake model of the 1871 Lāna‘i earthquake associated with the MFZ. This seismic event may credibly be considered as the third largest earthquake statewide in Hawai‘i’s history and the largest historic earthquake northwest of the Big Island of Hawai‘i.
Promoting Far Transfer and 21st-Century Competency Through the Aural Skills Capstone Project
Authors: Heinsen David , Heinsen Robin
Published: September 2020

This essay shares a project that is designed to connect first-year ear-training coursework to the functional use of aural skills beyond traditional classroom limitations. In particular, we focus on a second-semester capstone project that utilizes transcription, transposition, composition, and primary-instrument performance of popular music songs using multi-track recording software. In addition to reinforcing the knowledge and skills of the curriculum, this capstone increases student engagement, gives students ownership of their own skill development, and allows them to experience a broader application of their acquired skills. After a brief discussion of the concept of transfer and its relevance to the ear training classroom, we examine the details of the capstone, consider some of its challenges, and share examples of student work.
Iconography, Nomenclature, and Sound: Building a Musical Database
Authors: Gonzales Cynthia I.
Published: September 2020

Musicians who possess functional sight singing and dictation skills have unified into a single entity three discrete bodies of knowledge about music: iconography, nomenclature, and sound. Iconography refers to the visual representation of music. By nomenclature, I mean any labeling system for pitch, rhythm, and harmony. The third component—musical sound—is abstract, being invisible to human eyes and intangible to human touch. In this essay, I suggest approaches to unifying iconography, nomenclature, and sound into a "musical database," as well as propose a curricular reform in which aural skills precedes courses in written theory.
Foreword for Engaging Students Vol. 7
Authors: Snodgrass Jennifer
Published: September 2020

No abstract available.
Editorial & Review Board
Authors: Duker Philip , Colletti Carla , Hughes Bryn , Naxer Meghan , Shanahan Daniel
Published: September 2020

No abstract available.
ES7 Contributor Biographies
Authors: Duker Philip , Colletti Carla , Hughes Bryn , Naxer Meghan , Shanahan Daniel
Published: September 2020

No abstract available.
The Generalized Odd Generalized Exponential Fréchet Model: Univariate, Bivariate and Multivariate Extensions with Properties and Applications to the Univariate Version
Authors: Elsayed Hisham Abdel Hamid , Yousof Haitham M.
Published: September 2020

A new univariate extension of the Fréchet distribution is proposed and studied. Some of its fundamental statistical properties such as stochastic properties, ordinary and incomplete moments, moments generating functions, residual life and reversed residual life functions, order statistics, quantile spread ordering, Rényi, Shannon and q-entropies are derived. A simple type Copula based construction using Morgenstern family and via Clayton Copula is employed to derive many bivariate and multivariate extensions of the new model. We assessed the performance of the maximum likelihood estimators using a simulation study. The importance of the new model is shown by means of two applications to real data sets.
Robust Estimation methods of Generalized Exponential Distribution with Outliers
Authors: Almongy Hisham Mohamed , Almetwally Ehab M.
Published: September 2020

This paper discussed robust estimation for point estimation of the shape and scale parameters for generalized exponential (GE) distribution using a complete dataset in the presence of various percentages of outliers. In the case of outliers, it is known that classical methods such as maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), least square (LS) and maximum product spacing (MPS) in case of outliers cannot reach the best estimator. To confirm this fact, these classical methods were applied to the data of this study and compared with non-classical estimation methods. The non-classical (Robust) methods such as least absolute deviations (LAD), and M-estimation (using M. Huber (MH) weight and M. Bisquare (MB) weight) had been introduced to obtain the best estimation method for the parameters of the GE distribution. The comparison was done numerically by using the Monte Carlo simulation study. The two real datasets application confirmed that the M-estimation method is very much suitable for estimating the GE parameters. We concluded that the M-estimation method using Huber object function is a suitable estimation method in estimating the parameters of the GE distribution for a complete dataset in the presence of various percentages of outliers.
Películas deóxido de cobre y hierro depositadas en Nanotubos de Titanio
Authors: Cardenas-Flechas Leydi J. , Barba-Ortega José , R.Joya Miryam
Published: September 2020

Una matriz tubular de TiO2/Ti obtenida por el método de anodización electroquímica fue usada como sustrato para el depósito de una única camada de CuO (oxido de cobre) o CuO dopado con Fe al 1% por el método de spin coating. En los métodos de anodizado se usaron dos tiempos diferentes de 40 y 60 minutos respectivamente. En la obtención de la estructura anatasa del TiO2las muestras obtenidas por anodización se calcinaron a 450°C y posteriormente se depositó la camada de óxido de cobre. En este estudio se investigó las propiedades estructurales por medio de rayos x morfológicas por medidas MEBy propiedades ópticas a través de las medidas UV-Vis, espectroscopía Auger y Raman. En las medidas de Rayos x se observa la fase anatasa con fases secundarias correspondientes al CuO. En MEBel recubrimiento uniforme se observa para la muestra del método 2 a 60 minutos con CuO/Fe. En las medidas de espectroscopia Raman después de la calcinación de las muestras se obtienen los modos vibracionales del TiO2 .Las medidas Auger indicaron la presencia de titanio en las transiciones Auger (L2M2,3M2,3) y (L2M2,3M4,5) localizadas en 387eV y 418eV así como Fe, O, C. Finalmente nuestros resultados sugieren que el soporte TiO2-nanotubos/Ti con un depósito de CuO es prometedor para posibles aplicaciones como electrodo.
ON THE ISSUE OF IMPORTANCE OF SOCIAL AND DEMOGRAFIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION
Authors: Anisimova Valeriya Yu.
Published: September 2020

The authors approaches to the definition of the concepts of social development and demographic development are considered. The authors studied various points of view regarding a set of indicators for assessing the level of sociodemographic development of the region. The list of basic and special indicators of the sociodemographic development of the region has been clarified. Particular attention is paid to factors that have asignificant impact on the sociodemographic development of the regions. The construction of state policy in the field of socio-demographic development of regions should take into account the above factors. This will help to establish the stability of the sociodemographic situation of the region.
RE-ENGINEERING OF INNOVATIVE ENVIRONMENT AT THE MESO-LEVEL UNDER CONDITIONS OF DIGITALIZATION
Authors: Khmeleva Galina A. , Chertopyatov Dmitry A.
Published: September 2020

The development of innovation is a critical strategic task for science and government. A system of support for innovation has been created in the regions. However, the processes of creating new knowledge, technologies, and innovative products are not yet productive enough. Digitalization provides new opportunities for collecting information and debugging innovative processes. With this in mind, the authors set a goal to propose the concept of reengineering and develop a mechanism for the development of an innovative environment at the meso-scale. For this, the authors clarified the concept of the innovation environment, systematized the processes of innovation, presenting patterns of innovative ideas, knowledge and technologies, entrepreneurship, infrastructure, as well as a digital pattern. This approach allows a systematic approach to the analysis and redesign of innovative processes based on reengineering, covering the basic elements of the functioning of the innovation system. The article proposes a number of conceptual provisions for reengineering the innovative environment of the region. In particular, it was noted that in a digital economy, the speed and productivity of innovation depends on the level of interaction between its key participants (business, scientific and civil society, the state). Given the current trends in the digital transformation of innovation, the authors proposed a mechanism for the development of the innovation environment based on the reengineering methodology. For the practical implementation of the conceptual provisions and the mechanism for the development of the innovation environment, the authors proposed the introduction of a processing audit. The results obtained are of practical importance for regional authorities involved in the development of innovative activities.
DYNAMICS OF FORMATION OF ECONOMIC INDICATORS OF A PRODUCTION ENTERPRISE UNDER DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION
Authors: Ilyina Elena A. , Saraev Leonid A.
Published: September 2020

The published article proposes a mathematical model for assessing the output, costs and profits of a manufacturing enterprise in digital transformation. The features of changes in the economic indicators of an enterprise accompanying its development in the context of digital changes are considered. The impact of digital transformations on the economic potential of the enterprise is evaluated. The patterns of temporary changes for the production, profit and costs of the enterprise with the introduction of digital technologies are established. The process of digital transformation of an enterprise is described by means of a special dimensionless digitalization function, which varies from zero to one. Using this function, it is possible to organically combine the two main components of the digital transformation of the enterprise, which are internal digitalization (digital inside) and external digitalization (digital outside). The first component corresponds to the initial stage of the digital transformation of production, management, administrative processes, and the second component corresponds to the stage of the developed digital transformation of the enterprise in terms of interaction with customers, partners, suppliers, regulators. A numerical analysis of the obtained economic and mathematical model shows that the maximum value of the enterprises profit varies over time and corresponds to the level of digital transformation of the production enterprise in question.
MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF HOSTING OF VIRTUAL MACHINES ON PHYSICAL SERVERS OF COMPUTER NETWORKS
Authors: Montlevich Vladimir M. , Popov Alexander D.
Published: September 2020

Transition to a digital economics leads to global introduction of IT-technology and computer engineering in every sphere of economic activity. In turn, it is related to growth of the cost for creating local networks. Size of material costs for introducing high-scale IT-projects is not always comparable to companys financial potential. One of the methods to solve this problem is introduction of virtualization technologies into the manufacturing process, concretely speaking, organization of IT-systems functioning on virtual machines network. In this paper, basic terms in the field of virtualization are reviewed; also, a brief description of optimal virtual machines hosting problem is given. Paper discloses informative formulation of the problem that serve as the basis of the model of virtual machines hosting on computer networks physical servers. In addition, group of authors give various algorithms of solving the problem.
MULTI-FACTOR MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF DEVELOPMENT OF A PRODUCTION ENTERPRISE ACCOUNTED BY INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL INVESTMENTS
Authors: Saraev Alexander L. , Saraev Leonid A.
Published: September 2020

The published article proposes new models of the dynamic development of enterprises that restore their production through internal and external investments. Equations of balance are established for such enterprises, which describe changes in output and factors of production. The developed economic and mathematical models are presented in the form of systems of differential equations for an arbitrary number of production factors. In these models, proportional, progressive and digressive depreciation charges are considered. Their interaction with internal and external investments is investigated. Equations are obtained that describe the equilibrium state of enterprises and the corresponding limit values of production factors are calculated. Constructed in the form of systems of differential equations, economic and mathematical models allow you to describe the various modes of operation of enterprises. Such regimes include stable production output by enterprises, temporary suspension of enterprises for the period of its technical re-equipment, and temporary partial winding up of production. As an example, a two-factor enterprise model is considered in detail. The regularities of the influence of depreciation, internal and external investments on the dynamics of the enterprise are established. Equilibrium equations are obtained and the marginal volumes of production factors of the enterprise fixed capital and labor are calculated.