bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Fresh and Durability Properties of Different Lime Mortars for Being Used as Masonry Coatings in the Restoration of Ancient Constructions
Authors: Branco Fernando G. , Belgas Maria de Lurdes , Mendes Cátia , Pereira Luís , Ortega José Marcos
Published: April 2021

Coatings and plasters are an integral part of masonry cladding, having a fundamental protective and aesthetic function. They are exposed to numerous aggressive actions, which produce their degradation over time. The utilization of lime, as a binder in masonry lining mortars, plays an important role in their durability and conservation. The objective of this work is to analyze the fresh and durability properties of lime-based mortars for their application in the restoration of old buildings. Four different kinds of mortars were studied with similar workability, using as binders lime putty, aerial lime, and hydraulic lime. The aggregates used consisted of sand and crushed rock powder. As fresh properties, the consistency (by using the flow table) and water retentivity were determined. With respect to durability-related properties, water absorption by capillarity and by immersion, drying kinetics, and carbonation depth were studied. Bulk density and porosity of the mortars were also obtained. Mortars with lime putty showed higher global porosity and water absorption by immersion, while aerial lime mortars presented lower porosity and higher water absorption by capillarity. Finally, the durability performance of all the studied lime mortars was overall adequate for being applied as masonry coatings in the restoration of old buildings.
An Approach to Sustainability Management across Systemic Levels: The Capacity-Building in Sustainability and Environmental Management Model (CapSEM-Model)
Authors: Fet Annik Magerholm , Knudson Haley
Published: April 2021

A toolbox for assessing the environmental impacts of processes, products and services has been gradually developed over the last 30 years. The tools and methods place attention on a growing holistic concern to also consider stakeholders’ views connected to impacts of the entire life cycle of products. Another change is the gradual increase in consideration of the economic and social dimensions of sustainability since the 1990s. This paper presents this development using two interlinked models that illustrate the changes from the scopes of time and system complexity. The two initial models are further merged into one, the Capacity-building in Sustainability and Environmental Management model (the CapSEM-model), which presents organizations a systemic way to transition to sustainability, seen from the scopes of system complexity and performance complexity. The CapSEM-model attempts to integrate the different dimensions of systems and of methodologies and their contribution to increased environmental and sustainability performance. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are further mapped onto the model as an example of how they can be useful in the transition to sustainability. The model is, therefore, a conceptualization and needs further development to specify accurate level boundaries. However, it has proven to be helpful for organizations that struggle to find a systematic approach toward implementing sustainability. This is described through a brief example from the manufacturing industry.
Perceptions of Educational Agents Regarding the Use of School Visits to Museums for the Teaching of History
Authors: Escribano-Miralles Ainoa , Serrano-Pastor Francisca-José , Miralles-Martínez Pedro
Published: April 2021

(1) The use of heritage in fieldwork, enabling the analysis of historical sources in museums via school trips, contributes towards the development of historical thinking and the formation of active, participative and critical citizens within the field of formal education (2) The general objective of the present study is to estimate the value which teachers and museum educators confer upon museums and school visits in the stages of early years, primary and secondary education. The research method employed is quantitative, based on the study of a descriptive comparative cross-sectional survey. The participants are 442 teachers, who visited two archaeological museums with their class groups in order to carry out an activity relating to the subject of history, and 18 museum educators. The data collection tool was the MUSELA © questionnaire. (3) The main results indicate that both teachers and educators agree that it is the responsibility of the educator to connect the visit with the interests of the group. 70% of the museum educators are totally in agreement with the academic perspective provided by museums, and more than 75% of the teachers and museum educators are totally in agreement with the fact that the objective of museum visits is to increase knowledge and cultural experience. (4) Educational agents’ understanding of the use of visits to archaeological museums as field trips for history work is a challenge that must be confronted over the coming decade. It is necessary to promote a model of collaboration that develops interaction by generating common educational projects.
Implementing Regional Circular Economy Policies: A Proposed Living Constellation of Stakeholders
Authors: Arsova Sanja , Genovese Andrea , Ketikidis Panayiotis H. , Alberich Josep Pinyol , Solomon Adrian
Published: April 2021

The transition towards the circular economy (CE) entails transformative and system-wide changes, implying involvement, alignment, and cooperation between all stakeholders at all levels. However, debate continues around how best to achieve this. Additionally, little attention has been paid to developing models for identifying and mobilising all relevant stakeholders to implement CE policies at the regional level. This study sought to remedy these issues by analysing the relevant academic literature and policy documents and making the first attempt to adjust existing models—not only for the purpose of stakeholder mapping, but also for the proposition of a living constellation of stakeholders who should be considered when designing the transition towards a CE in a regional scenario. The CE-centric quintuple-helix model developed and proposed here promotes the emergence and deployment of trilateral networks, hybrid organisations, and development/co-operation platforms. This model adopts a balanced, participatory approach that requires a new constellation of stakeholders. Its foundations are built on the traditional industry–government–academia nexus and enlarged by the inclusion of the civil society sphere and the environmental subsystem. The environment is represented as the nucleus of the model, inspiring and triggering actions by the remaining four subsystems. The model is then implemented into two European regions with CE initiatives (Spain and Greece) to demonstrate its practical application.
Relations of Imperfect Repairs to Critical Infrastructure Maintenance Costs
Authors: Blokus Agnieszka , Dziula Przemysław
Published: April 2021

This article presents an analysis of maintenance costs and maintenance policy of critical infrastructure systems, considering the case of imperfect repair. The maintenance costs of the systems, considering a multistate approach and imperfect repairs, are analyzed with reference to the renewal stream and renewal process theory. Availability characteristics of repairable critical infrastructure systems with non-negligible renovation time, necessary for the cost analysis, are determined based on classical renewal theory. We assume that the system is renewed after exceeding its critical reliability state. The multistate approach proposed to availability analysis, including imperfect repairs, allows considering various configurations of the system’s renewals. The procedure for determining the total cost of maintenance up to certain point in time is proposed. Furthermore, the procedure comparing the costs of repair and operation of the system until a certain moment for different configurations of the number of repairs to various reliability states is put forward and its exemplary application is presented. Conducting perfect renewals of infrastructure to the state of entire availability seems to be the most profitable in the case study analyzed in the article. The exception is when imperfect repairs are much cheaper than perfect repairs (they are up to half of the perfect repair cost), or when costs of an infrastructure’s renewals are considered in the short period of its exploitation (up to one year). The summary provides a conclusion on maintenance policy based on the proposed procedure analysis and a comparison of maintenance costs for various configurations of perfect and imperfect repairs.
A Novel Approach to Oil Layer Recognition Model Using Whale Optimization Algorithm and Semi-Supervised SVM
Authors: Pan Yongke , Xia Kewen , Wang Li , He Ziping
Published: April 2021

The dataset distribution of actual logging is asymmetric, as most logging data are unlabeled. With the traditional classification model, it is hard to predict the oil and gas reservoir accurately. Therefore, a novel approach to the oil layer recognition model using the improved whale swarm algorithm (WOA) and semi-supervised support vector machine (S3VM) is proposed in this paper. At first, in order to overcome the shortcomings of the Whale Optimization Algorithm applied in the parameter-optimization of the S3VM model, such as falling into a local optimization and low convergence precision, an improved WOA was proposed according to the adaptive cloud strategy and the catfish effect. Then, the improved WOA was used to optimize the kernel parameters of S3VM for oil layer recognition. In this paper, the improved WOA is used to test 15 benchmark functions of CEC2005 compared with five other algorithms. The IWOA–S3VM model is used to classify the five kinds of UCI datasets compared with the other two algorithms. Finally, the IWOA–S3VM model is used for oil layer recognition. The result shows that (1) the improved WOA has better convergence speed and optimization ability than the other five algorithms, and (2) the IWOA–S3VM model has better recognition precision when the dataset contains a labeled and unlabeled dataset in oil layer recognition.
A Model for the Maxwell Equations Coupled with Matter Based on Solitons
Authors: Benci Vieri
Published: April 2021

We present a simple model of interaction of the Maxwell equations with a matter field defined by the Klein–Gordon equation. A simple linear interaction and a nonlinear perurbation produces solutions to the equations containing hylomorphic solitons, namely stable, solitary waves, whose existence is related to the ratio energy/charge. These solitons, at low energy, behave as poinwise charged particles in an electromagnetic field. The basic points are the following ones: (i) the matter field is described by the Nonlinear Klein–Gordon equation with a suitable nonlinear term; (ii) the interaction is not described by the equivariant derivative, but by a very simple coupling which preseves the invariance under the Poincaré group; (iii) the existence of soliton can be proved using the tecniques of nonlinear analysis and, in particular, the Mountain Pass Theorem; (iv) a suitable choice of the parameters produces solitons with a prescribed electric charge and mass/energy; (v) thanks to the point (ii), the dynamics of these solitons at low energies is the same of classical charged particles.
Case-Control Study of Nodding Syndrome in Acholiland: Urinary Multi-Mycotoxin Screening
Authors: Duringer Jennifer , Mazumder Rajarshi , Palmer Valerie , Craig A. Morrie , Spencer Peter
Published: April 2021

This case-control study adds to the growing body of knowledge on the medical, nutritional, and environmental factors associated with Nodding Syndrome (NS), a seizure disorder of children and adolescents in northern Uganda. Past research described a significant association between NS and prior history of measles infection, dependence on emergency food and, at head nodding onset, subsistence on moldy maize, which has the potential to harbor mycotoxins. We used LC-MS/MS to screen for current mycotoxin loads by evaluating nine analytes in urine samples from age-and-gender matched NS cases (n = 50) and Community Controls (CC, n = 50). The presence of the three mycotoxins identified in the screening was not significantly different between the two groups, so samples were combined to generate an overall view of exposure in this community during the study. Compared against subsequently run standards, α-zearalenol (43 ± 103 µg/L in 15 samples > limit of quantitation (LOQ); 0 (0/359) µg/L), T-2 toxin (39 ± 81 µg/L in 72 samples > LOQ; 0 (0/425) µg/L) and aflatoxin M1 (4 ± 10 µg/L in 15 samples > LOQ; 0 (0/45) µg/L) were detected and calculated as the average concentration ± SD; median (min/max). Ninety-five percent of the samples had at least one urinary mycotoxin; 87% were positive for two of the three compounds detected. While mycotoxin loads at NS onset years ago are and will remain unknown, this study showed that children with and without NS currently harbor foodborne mycotoxins, including those associated with maize.
Letermovir for Cytomegalovirus Prophylaxis in Lung Transplant Patients with Valganciclovir-Induced Leukopenia
Authors: Singha Arindam , Burcham Pamela K. , Logan April , El Boghdadly Zeinab , Howsare Molly M. , Nunley David R. , Lustberg Mark E. , Keller Brian C.
Published: April 2021

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis with valganciclovir is the standard of practice in most transplant centers, but treatment-related leukopenia can limit valganciclovir’s use. Therefore, we evaluated letermovir, a novel antiviral agent recently approved for use in hematopoietic cell transplant patients as CMV prophylaxis, in lung transplant recipients unable to tolerate valganciclovir due to severe leukopenia. We performed a retrospective analysis of all lung transplant patients at our center who received letermovir for CMV prophylaxis between 1 December 2018 and 1 January 2020. A repeated measures mixed model was used to analyze white blood cell (WBC) trends, and descriptive statistics were used to analyze secondary endpoints, including CMV DNAemia, renal function, immunosuppression dosing, and allograft function. Seventeen patients were administered letermovir during the study period due to valganciclovir-induced leukopenia (median WBC nadir 1.1 K/uL, range <0.30–2.19 K/uL). Median WBC improvement was noted in 15 (88.2%) patients after starting letermovir. Breakthrough CMV DNAemia necessitating treatment occurred in two patients, with one of the two cases being due to patient noncompliance. CMV resistance to letermovir was detected in two patients, necessitating a change to an alternative agent in one of these patients. No major side effects were reported in any patient. Letermovir is a generally safe and effective alternative for CMV prophylaxis in lung transplant recipients unable to tolerate valganciclovir due to leukopenia.
Neonatal Sepsis, Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern, and Treatment Outcomes among Neonates Treated in Two Tertiary Care Hospitals of Yangon, Myanmar from 2017 to 2019
Authors: Oo Nan Aye Thida , Edwards Jeffrey K. , Pyakurel Prajjwal , Thekkur Pruthu , Maung Thae Maung , Aye Nant San San , Nwe Hla Myat
Published: April 2021

Neonatal sepsis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. This study aimed to assess the proportion of culture-confirmed sepsis, bacteriological pathogen profile, culture report turnaround times, antibiotic susceptibility patterns, and treatment outcomes of all with neonatal sepsis admitted in two tertiary care hospitals in Yangon, Myanmar, 2017–2019. This was a cross sectional study utilizing a standardized electronic database and paper-based records. Bacteriological profiles and associated factors were analyzed with descriptive statistics and Poisson Regression. Of those with suspected sepsis, 42% were bacteriologically confirmed and 74% of confirmed sepsis was resistant to at least first-line antibiotics. Neonates with late onset sepsis (LOS) (aPR: 1.2 (95% CI: 1.1–1.4, p = 0.008)) were more likely to have bacteriologically confirmed sepsis (45%) versus early onset sepsis (38%). Gram-negative organisms were most commonly isolated (63%), associated with multidrug-resistant organisms and with a high case-fatality rate (64%). These findings suggest that enhanced national guidance regarding infection control and prevention, antibiotic stewardship, and first-line antibiotic choices need to be provided. The link between LOS with infection and prevention protocols needs to be further explored in this context to decrease sepsis risk, neonatal mortality, and reduce further antimicrobial resistance.
Virome Diversity among Mosquito Populations in a Sub-Urban Region of Marseille, France
Authors: Nebbak Amira , Monteil-Bouchard Sonia , Berenger Jean-Michel , Almeras Lionel , Parola Philippe , Desnues Christelle
Published: April 2021

Some mosquito species have significant public health importance given their ability to transmit major diseases to humans and animals, making them the deadliest animals in the world. Among these, the Aedes (Ae.) genus is a vector of several viruses such as Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika viruses that can cause serious pathologies in humans. Since 2004, Ae. albopictus has been encountered in the South of France, and autochthonous cases of Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika diseases have recently been reported, further highlighting the need for a comprehensive survey of the mosquitoes and their associated viruses in this area. Using high throughput sequencing (HTS) techniques, we report an analysis of the DNA and RNA viral communities of three mosquito species Ae. albopictus, Culex (Cx.) pipiens, and Culiseta (Cs.) longiareolata vectors of human infectious diseases in a small sub-urban city in the South of France. Results revealed the presence of a significant diversity of viruses known to infect bacteria, plants, insects, and mammals. Several novel viruses were detected, including novel members of the Rhabdoviridae, Totiviridae, Iflaviviridae, Circoviridae, and Sobemoviridae families. No sequence related to major zoonotic viruses transmitted by mosquitoes was detected. The use of HTS on arthropod vector populations is a promising strategy for monitoring the emergence and circulation of zoonoses and epizooties. This study is a contribution to the knowledge of the mosquito microbiome.
Isolation and Identification of a Novel Phlebovirus, Hedi Virus, from Sandflies Collected in China
Authors: Xu Ziqian , Fan Na , Hou Xin , Wang Jing , Fu Shihong , Song Jingdong , Shi Mang , Liang Guodong
Published: April 2021

We report the isolation of a newly recognized phlebovirus, Hedi virus (HEDV), from Phlebotomus chinensis sandflies collected in Shanxi Province, China. The virus’ RNA is comprised of three segments. The greatest amino acid sequence similarity of the three gene segments between this virus and previously recognized phleboviruses is 40.85–63.52%, and the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) amino acid sequence has the greatest similarity (63.52%) to the Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) ZH-548 strain. Phylogenetic analysis of the amino acid sequence of the virus RdRp indicated that HEDV is close to RVFV and distinct from other phleboviruses, forming its own evolutionary branch. We conclude that it is necessary to increase the monitoring of phleboviruses carried by sandflies in China.
Improving the Treatment Performance of Low Impact Development Practices—Comparison of Sand and Bioretention Soil Mixtures Using Column Experiments
Authors: Shahrokh Hamedani Abtin , Bazilio Arianne , Soleimanifar Hanieh , Shipley Heather , Giacomoni Marcio
Published: April 2021

Low impact development (LID) practices, such as bioretention and sand filter basins, are stormwater control measures designed to mitigate the adverse impacts of urbanization on stormwater. LID treatment performance is highly dependent on the media characteristics. The literature suggests that bioretention media often leach nutrients in the stormwater effluent. The objective of this study was to analyze the treatment performance of different sand and bioretention soil mixtures. Specifically, this investigation aimed to answer whether the use of limestone and recycled glass could improve the treatment performance of bioretention systems. Column experiments were designed to assess (1) the removal efficiencies of different sand and bioretention soil mixtures and (2) the impact of plant uptake on removal rates. Enhanced pollutant removal was observed for the custom blends with addition of limestone sand, indicating mean dissolved and total phosphorus removal of 44.5% and 32.6% respectively, while the conventional bioretention soil mixtures leached phosphorus. Moreover, improved treatment of dissolved and total copper was achieved with mean removal rates of 70.7% and 93.4%, respectively. The results suggest that the nutrient effluent concentration decreased with the addition of plants, with mean phosphorus removal of 72.4%, and mean nitrogen removal of 22% for the limestone blend.
Influence of seeding rate on grain and seed productivity of winter barley
Authors:   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea, Radchenko L.A. , Ganotskaya T.L. ,   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea, Radchenko A.F. ,   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea
Published: April 2021

High yields of winter barley significantly depend on the elements of cultivation technology, among which seeding rate is of considerable importance. The aim of the current research was to identify the optimal seeding rate for winter barley in the current climatic conditions of the steppe zone of the Crimea. Winter barley variety ‘Buran’ served as a material of this study. In the course of the research we studied five variants of seeding rate – 1.0; 2.0; 3.0; 4.0; 5.0 million seeds per hectare. The experiments were carried out in the central steppe zone of the Crimea in 2018-2020 according to the methods of the State variety testing of agricultural crops. The first year of research was favourable in climatic conditions; the second one – unfavourable during the entire growing season. The survey highlighted some key points: the seeding rate influences the main components of winter barley yield – plants (stems) density and productivity of the ear. Over two years, an increase in the seeding rate increased plant density on average from 229 to 465 plants per m2. Ear productivity (grain weight per ear), on the contrary, decreased from 2.5 to 1.3 g. The yield of winter barley depended on the weather conditions of the year and, on average, reached 5.76 t/ha in 2019 and 3.41 t/ha in 2020 (which is 41 % less than in 2019). In 2019, at a seeding rate of 1.0 million/ha, a minimum yield (4.71 t/ha) was obtained. At other seeding rates, the yield of winter barley was statistically equivalent: 2.0 million/ha – 6.07 t/ha; 3.0 million/ha – 5.99 t/ha; 4.0 million/ha – 5.96 t/ha; 5.0 million/ha – 6.11 t/ha. In 2020, seeding rate did not have any effect on the yield of winter barley. It varied from 3.23 to 3.52 t/ha and was within the experimental error. The dependence of the indicators of grain quality on the seeding rates was noted only in 2020 for 1000-grain weight, which was significantly higher at seeding rates of 1.0 and 2.0 million/ha (36.8 and 36.7 g, respectively) compared to other studied ones. According to the efficiency of seed reproduction, the variants with the minimum seeding rates (1.0 and 2.0 million/ha) were the best. The rate of reproduction in these cases was 91 and 55, respectively.
Fish Disease Outreach Messages: Testing of Gain and Loss Frames
Authors: Pavloski Erin , Treizenberg Heather
Published: April 2021

Gain and loss framing has been used in risk communication across many fields as a technique for shaping individuals’ behaviors. Via community-engaged research conducted with the Michigan Department of Natural Resources, we tested five message frames to determine efficacy for outreach programs. We made the following determinations: (a) for increasing risk perceptions regarding fish disease, a loss frame in a fish disease management context should be used; (b) for decreasing risk perceptions regarding fish disease management, a gain frame in a fish disease context should be used; (c) for motivating behavioral intention regarding prevention and risk reduction, a gain frame in a fish disease context should be used. Our findings are of interest to Extension professionals and others working in natural resources.
Latinxs with HIV: Depressive Cognitive Alterations as a Precursor to Cardio-Motor Deficits
Authors: Hyder Aneesah , Rosario Martin
Published: April 2021

HIV is a debilitating infection that often presents with health-related complications, further reducing quality of life. Of the most common comorbidities accompanying HIV is depression, which can induce cognitive alterations alongside those resulting from the virus. Latinxs are disproportionately susceptible to both afflictions and face innumerable challenges in the identification and diagnosis of depression. Consequently, HIV-infected Latinxs may experience additional cognitive symptomatology from the simultaneous prevalence of depression and HIV, potentially affecting their gait and cardiovascular profiles. This study aimed to determine the impact of depression on cardio-motor components in HIV-infected Latinxs. Records of 291 stable HIV+ participants were collected from La Perla de Gran Precio Community Center, analyzed for depression, and respectively allocated to the depression group (70) and the group without depression (221). Cardio-motor values were obtained by conducting the Ross treadmill test, a submaximal cardiovascular assessment. An ANOVA revealed similarities in cardiomotor profiles between groups, alluding to the absence of depression-induced modifications to gait and cardiovascular health. Community exercise and cardiopulmonary intervention programs are beneficial to the quality of life in this population during all stages of HIV. However, HIV-infected Latinxs with depression face acute cultural challenges, causing diagnoses and treatment oversights and deficiencies for those who are suffering. Public health efforts should aim to remove barriers facing this population to ultimately reduce the inflated prevalence of both afflictions. Future research should focus on the crucial differentiation of Latinx depressive symptoms from those identical in HIV prior to reinvestigating cardiomotor alterations.
Adequate Management of type two diabetes creates minor complications in Cardio-Postural Profile in Latinx-Hispanic People
Authors: Jose SPT Aleena , G. Rosario Martín
Published: April 2021

Diabetes is recognized to lead to a series of metabolic abnormalities in the body. These alterations will affect balance, body composition, and cardiovascular performance, heightening the risk of various medical complications. The problem is that the primary instruction for those with diabetes is to monitor glucose levels, paying very insufficient consideration to other fundamental factors and health profiles that could influence the quality of life in these individuals. Identify body composition, balance, and cardiovascular components in controlled type two diabetics compared to an age-matched control group. 15 participants with controlled type II diabetes without peripheral neuropathy (CT2DM) and 18 non-diabetic subjects control (CG) were recruited. Both groups had an age average of roughly 56 years old. The CT2DM subjects had an average A1c level of 6.7+/-0.5%. Body composition, cardiovascular, and balance data were collected, analyzed, and compared among groups. Minimal alterations in balance components, body composition and cardiovascular factors were identified in the CT2DM group aside from higher SBP values and decreased BBS scores contrasted to the CG group. We can attribute the analogous outcomes in both groups to CT2DM participants managing their diabetes effectively. Our examination has prompted us to establish that the cardiovascular and balance components in middle-aged Latinx-Hispanic participants with CT2DM are proportionate to CG subjects because of effectiveness in dealing with diabetes. Further, we encourage establishing more age appropriate and complex assessment tools to identify early adaptations caused by diabetes.
Development of Fly ash-GGBS based Self Compacting Geopolymer Concrete: a Review
Authors: A Vinothkumar , M Kalaivani , P Easwaran
Published: April 2021

Concrete is the most used construction material in construction Industries all over the world. The main binding ingredient of concrete that is ordinary Portland cement is a major contributor of global warming. The cement industry is the second largest producer of the green house gas. The total world production of cement is expected to be around 4800 Mt by 2030, which clearly indicates the like impact on global warming indicates. In this regard, Utilization of industrial by-products from various industries as supplementary cementations material in concrete along with cement has been well recognized for its enhanced properties and potential to reduce environmental impacts. Self compacting Geopolymer concrete is a relatively new concrete, which can be a sustainable and Economical construction material as it is produced from combination of industrial by-products such as Fly ash and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag replacing 100% of cement in concrete. Self compacting Geopolymer concrete is a special type of concrete which can be placed and consolidated under its own weight without any vibration and which at the same time is cohesive enough to be handled without segregation or bleeding. The self compacting geopolymer concrete such as filing ability passing ability and segregation resistance are estimated by using slump flow, V-Funnel, L-Box and J-ring test method for fresh state concrete. Hence Self-compacting Geopolymer concrete is the sustainable construction material in the modern world by solving current issues of pollution.
Utilisation of Foundry Sand in Concrete - A Review
Authors: D Sangavi , K Angu Senthil
Published: April 2021

A Rise in urbanization and industrialization has led to over utilization of natural river sand, which affects environmental sustainability. Nowadays, due to the massive demand of river sand, M-sand has been replaced effectively and being used in the construction industry. Although M-Sand is desirably used, it can lead to more water and cement requirement to achieve the expected workability which in turn increases the cost of construction. Thus as an alternative solution, industrial by-product like waste foundry sand can be used. When sand can no-longer be reused in the foundry, it is known as waste foundry sand. As it is discarded in a landfill, it tends to pose several environmental impacts. In order to reduce the disposal problem, waste foundry sand is reused in engineering applications. In this paper, various strength and durability properties have been studied, and an overview of some of the research works on the utilization of waste foundry sand in concrete were given. Fine aggregate is replaced with different proportions of waste foundry sand (0-100%). From the results obtained, the optimum % replacement of foundry sand is found to be in the range of 20% to 40% based on the grade of concrete.
A Review on the Study of Strength Properties of High Performance Concrete Using Various Fibers
Authors: S Venkateshwaran , A Alex Rajesh
Published: April 2021

This is review report on High performance Concrete and is done by studying various journal papers on High performance concrete and this paper mainly concentrated on how to improve the Strength of concrete by using various fibers. Fibers are generally used in concrete to improve the tensile strength of the concrete. In fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC) various types of fibers can be used such as polypropylene, cellulose, carbon, jute, PET fibers and Steel fibers. Among the above all steel fibers shows best performance comparing to other fibers. The flexural strength and compressive strength test are commonly done for every fiber and their values and comparisons are discussed in this report.
Analysis of Frames with and Without Knee Bracing for Lateral Loads Using Steel Structures
Authors: K Kanishkavya , D Sivakumar , M Velumani
Published: April 2021

Steel has become the predominate material for the construction of bridges, buildings, towers and other structures. Its great strength, uniformity light weight and many other desirable properties makes steel the material of choice for numerous structures such as steel bridges, high rise buildings, towers and other structures. The advantages in general credited to steel as a structural design material are high strength/weight ratio, ductility, predictable material properties, speed of erection structures, and quality of construction ease of repair, adaptation of prefabrication, repetitive use, expanding existing structures and fatigue strength. Steel structures should be stiff enough to limit the drift and should have enough ductility to prevent collapse. In this steel bracing provides an effective and economical solution for resisting lateral loads in a framed structure. Knee braced steel frame is that of excellent ductility and lateral stiffness. Since the knee element is properly fused, yielding occurs only to the knee element and no damage to major elements In this study, the effect  of different types of bracing in comparison  with knee braced steel frame are studied and analysed using software.
Pulse duration dependence of dry laser peening effects in the femtosecond-to-picosecond regime
Authors: Nishibata Itsuki , Yoshida Masayuki , Ito Yusuke , Sugita Naohiko , Hirose Akio , Sano Tomokazu
Published: April 2021

We found an optimum pulse duration for dry laser peening in the femtosecond-to-picosecond regime, in which the laser intensity exceeds the air breakdown threshold. A pulse duration of 1 ps produced the most effective peening effects under conditions wherein the laser energy was constant; this was caused by a decrease in the laser fluence due to a beam expansion of less than 1 ps, in addition to an increase in the thermal effect above 1 ps. When the laser intensity exceeds the air breakdown threshold, it is necessary to select the pulse duration while considering laser–air and laser–metal interactions.
Peran Orang Tua dalam Pembentukan Nilai Karakter Anak Usia Dini melalui Metode Qashash al-Qur’an
Authors: Ulya Vita Fitriatul
Published: April 2021

Parents have a very important role in developing the character of early childhood, because the family is the first and foremost educational environment for children. Early childhood is where children are in the age range of zero to six years and during this time the child is experiencing very rapid development. There are several methods that parents can do in instilling character values, one of which is by telling stories. Stories are considered effective because they remember the characteristics of young children who have a great curiosity, like to fantasize and imagine. The main character values ​​according to the Ministry of Education and Culture include integrity, nationalist, mutual cooperation, independent and religious values. The five characters can be taught by parents through learning the story of the Qur'an or Qashash al-Qur'an. Many stories in the Koran can be used as lessons and lessons, including the stories of previous Prophets, stories of people with good personalities not the Prophet's group and stories about events in the time of the Prophet. All the stories contained in the Koran can be used as lessons. Parents as the main and first teacher should tell these stories to children so that good character, personality or character is formed and they always become people who believe in God.
Definición de un estilo cinematográfico en los documentales del llamado “Grupo de Cali”
Authors:   Universidad Santiago de Cali, Buitrago Parias Sandro Javier , Varela Realpe Félix Antonio ,   Universidad Santiago de Cali, Victoria Mosquera Martha Lucía ,   Universidad Santiago de Cali
Published: April 2021

El cine colombiano, desde sus inicios, tuvo una fuerte presencia en la región del Valle del Cauca, una zona que por su geografía llana favorecía (y aún favorece) la luminosidad para la cámara de celuloide. Esto facilitó el nacimiento de productoras cinematográficas y el surgimiento de directores que generaron una pasión por el séptimo arte que se mantiene hasta hoy.
GAMBARAN STATUS KEBERSIHAN GIGI DAN MULUT SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR PADA PROGRAM USAHA KESEHATAN GIGI SEKOLAH
Authors: Sarwendah Sri , Khaerunnisa Rahmadaniah , El Fithriyah Rhabiah , Devi Vianira , Nurlatifah Zakaria Myrna
Published: April 2021

Kesehatan gigi, dan mulut pada anak di Indonesia masih perlu mendapatkan perhatian yang serius dari tenaga kesehatan. Upaya untuk mengatasi masalah kesehatan gigi pada anak salah satunya adalah Usaha Kesehatan Gigi Sekolah (UKGS) yang terbagi menjadi tahap optimal, standar, dan minimal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui status kebersihan gigi, dan mulut siswa Sekolah Dasar usia 12 tahun pada program UKGS tahap optimal, standar, dan minimal. Pemilihan sekolah dilakukan secara cluster random sampling. Sampel penelitian adalah seluruh siswa usia 12 tahun di Sekolah Dasar terpilih di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Cianjur Kota dengan jumlah total 60 siswa yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi, dan diambil data dengan sistem Oral Hygiene Index Simplified (OHII-S). Data diolah secara deskriptif dalam bentuk persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa median indeks OHI-S pada sekolah dengan UKGS tahap optimal sebesar 1,5; tahap standar sebesar 1,67; dan tahap minimal sebesar 1,5. Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang besar antara ketiga program UKGS yang berbeda, hal ini dapat disebabkan beberapa faktor seperti, kurang maksimalnya pelaksanaan program UKGS, terbatasnya fasilitas sekolah, terbatasnya tenaga, dan waktu tenaga kesehatan, serta kurang kesadaran siswa dalam menjaga kebersihan gigi, dan mulutnya. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa status kebersihan gigi siswa sekolah dasar usia 12 tahun pada UKGS tahap optimal, standar, dan minimal di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Cianjur Kota termasuk kategori sedang.
KEMANFAATAN DATA AUTOPSI VERBAL HEALTH AND DEMOGRAPHIC SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM (HDSS) SLEMAN DALAM MEMPERKIRAKAN SEBAB DAN CARA KEMATIAN
Authors: Ahlam Gizela Beta , Suhartini  , Majid Nurholis
Published: April 2021

Kematian terjadi dimana saja, dengan atau tanpa saksi, dengan atau tanpa didahului perawatan oleh tenaga kesehatan. Pencatatan kematian yang baik dan lengkap memenuhi kebutuhan informasi yang berguna bagi perlindungan hak asasi manusia, peningkatan upaya keselamatan masyarakat, dan pengambilan kebijakan di bidang kesehatan dan kependudukan. Analisis faktor risiko dan tanda serta gejala yang diamati sebelum kematian memberikan informasi yang berguna untuk memperkirakan penyakit atau penyebab kematian. Sehubungan dengan hal tersebut perlu digali data autopsi verbal sebagai upaya perlindungan hukum masyarakat dan statistik kesehatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) Sleman. Subjek penelitian adalah seluruh kematian yang tercatat dalam dokumen autopsi verbal HDSS Sleman, pada tahun 2014-2018, sejumlah 687 kasus. Analisis statistik yang digunakan analisis deskriptif kematian. Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna proporsi gender, pada tahun 2014 dan 2017, kematian perempuan lebih banyak dari laki-laki. Sebagian besar kematian pada umur di atas 65 tahun. Kematian sebagian besar adalah kematian wajar. Kematian tidak wajar disebabkan oleh kecelakaan lalu lintas, tenggelam, terbunuh dan lain-lainnya, tertinggi pada tahun 2014 (12%). Kematian yang belum dapat ditentukan (indeterminate) terdapat di setiap tahunnya, terbesar pada tahun 2017 (13%). Kematian terbesar setiap tahun adalah kematian akibat stroke (29%). Kematian akibat infeksi paling banyak disebabkan infeksi saluran nafas. Kematian akibat kanker sebesar 12% dengan penyebab terbanyak adalah kanker pencernaan (25 kasus). Kematian akibat gangguan metabolik terbanyak adalah diabetes melitus (32 kasus dari 55 kasus).
山区高速公路桥梁施工安全管理与控制策略刍议
Authors: 储 聪
Published: April 2021

现阶段国内对交通基础设施需求不断增加,山区 高 速 公 路 项 目 数 量 也 得 到 增 加。山 区 高 速 公 路 建 设 时 桥 隧 比 例 较高,施工时面临严峻的安全问题,有必要做好研究分 析 工 作。文 中 选 择 山 区 高 速 公 路 桥 梁 施 工 为 研 究 对 象,分 析 做 好 桥 梁 施工安全管理与控制的措施,为类似研究提供借鉴。
新形势下水文地质因素对于地质灾害的影响研究
Authors: 杨 月堂
Published: April 2021

我国的国土面积十分辽阔,经纬度跨越极大,这样的 特 点 导 致 我 国 南 北 方 在 地 质 结 构 及 水 文 条 件 上 存 在 较 大 差 异,因此我国常常会出现各种类型的地质灾害问题。因此,本文对水下地质因素对地质灾害的影响作用进行了深入分析。
从建筑美学角度探讨建筑设计中的人情化表达
Authors: 窦 凤圆
Published: April 2021

随着社会的多元化发展,这种多元化发展必然带来人类情感的多元化,继而带来社会各个领域对人性化问题的关注。 人作为建筑服务的主要对象,对其情感的关注必然成为建筑人性化体现的重要方面,具体到建筑设计中,就是指对人情化的表达,顺应社会的变化,人们对建筑设计中人情化的表达要求也越来越高,本文从建筑美学角度出发,希望把美学实践中涉及的最基础的问题作为研究的出发点,把建筑美学与建筑设计中的人情化表达融合在一起,为建筑设计中人情化的表达探索出一个基本的思路,而这些基本的东西恰恰是现在设计中所忽视的部分,也是希望通过这种方式给予唤醒。
水文地质问题在煤矿地质工程勘察中的重要性分析
Authors: 王 强
Published: April 2021

针对煤田所在区域的水文地质情况施行全面的勘探措施,可以为煤矿后续地质工作的顺利开展做出一定程度地保证。 在煤田水文地质勘探工作全部完成之后,不管是矿井构建还是开采工作,在这一个时间段当中施行的所有地质工作,其实都是勘探和开采工作相互融合在一起的工程项目。 所以进行水文地质勘察在煤矿地质工程中起着重要作用,能有效提高煤矿地质工程的质量。
应用于复杂地形的陆空两栖机器人
Authors: 曾 威煌 , 蔡 辉敏 , 范 永恒 , 霍 翔 , 卢 泽辉
Published: April 2021

为了解决单一无人机能全方位快速敏捷飞行但续航时间短、单一无人车续航时间长但受地形限制的问题,本文设计了一种陆空两栖机器人,在空中与陆地均可运行,提高了机器人能全方位运动灵活性,同时保证足够的续航时间。
ETIOLOGY, CLINICAL PROFILE AND OUTCOME OF FIRST EPISODE OF SEIZURE IN CHILDREN
Authors: Kumar Rakesh
Published: April 2021

Background: Seizure is a commonly encountered problem in pediatric practice. Convulsive disorder constitutes a heterogeneous group with a varied etiology. Arriving at the cause of seizure is important as it plays a vital role in managing the child. Chances of recurrence to be analyzed, after the rst episode of seizure for management. The aim was to study the etiology and the causes of recurrence after a rst episode seizure. A Methods: prospective observational study was done on 135 children for a period of six months admitted in tertiary care center. Proper history, complete neurological and other systemic examinations was done. Blood investigations and imaging with EEG was done when indicated. All children were classied according to International League against epilepsy and followed up for recurrence rate and history leading to recurrence. Co- relation between recurrence and risk factors was analyzed. Electroencephalogram tracing Results: was abnormal in 62 out of 105 children. 19 out of 62 had recurrence while only 2 among 43 normal EEG had recurrence. This was statistically signicant (P value 0.001). Children with remote symptomatic etiology constitutes the majority in those with abnormal EEG tracings. In children with remote symptomatic etiology, only one child had normal EEG. Remote symptomatic had higher number of abnormal EEG when compared to others and was found to have more recurrence. Conclusions: Children with EEG abnormalities after the rst episode of afebrile seizure have more chance of recurrence. Children with seizure secondary to remote symptomatic etiology had more recurrences
TO COMPARE THE INTUBATING CONDITIONS WITH DEXMEDETOMIDINE VERSUS MIDAZOLAM-FENTANYL COMBINATION FOR AWAKE FIBREOPTIC INTUBATION
Authors: Kaur Jaspreet , Baloda Ritu , Singh Rai Anmol
Published: April 2021

Objectives:To compare the intubating conditions of dexmedetomidine alone versus fentanyl -midazolam combination during AFOI
Methodology: Group-I patients (n=30) received dexmedetomidine 1µg/kg bolus infusion over 10 minutes, followed by infusion of 0.1 µg/kg/hr
titrated to 0.7 µg/kg/hr whereas Group-II patients (n=30) received i.v fentanyl 2µg/kg bolus followed by midazolam infusion of 0.02-0.1mg/kg/hr
until they were adequately sedated i.e. Ramsay Sedation Score (RSS) of 3 .Intraoperatively Total Comfort Score, 5 point FOI score was noted and
Questionnaire assessment was done 24 hours after surgery.
Results: During preoxygenation, the mean TCS was not statistically signicant different between the two groups but during FOS and during
intubation, the mean TCS was lower in group-1than group-2and the difference between the two groups was statistically signicant.(p<0.05).
Signicant differences in the patient's reaction to tube were found during FOS and after intubation between the two groups with lower reaction in
dexmedetomidine group(p≤0.05). During follow-up assessment 24 hours after the surgical procedure, the dexmedetomidine group patients judged
their sedation more positively and were having less pain and discomfort during the procedure than fentanyl plus midazolam patients.
Conclusion: The use of dexmedetomidine at 1mcg/kg bolus over 10 minutes, with maintenance rates of 0.1-0.7 μg/kg/hr offer better tolerance,
preservation of a patent airway and spontaneous ventilation, while maintaining hemodynamic stability during AFOI.
FOOT PRESSURE MEASURMENT AND MAPPING, IN A CASE SERIES ASSESSMENT FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING ORTHOPAEDIC FOOT ABNORMALITIES.
Authors: Kumar KV Arun , Kumar C Arun , Mohamed A Jamal , K Venkatachalam , Shaival Kalpesh Shah , Mathai Mathai , Arivoli Arivoli , Ganasree Ganasree
Published: April 2021

Introduction: The study that measures the existing elds of pressure between a surface that is used to support, and foot surface that is plantar, is
called Pedobarography. It has important applications in the analysis of Gait and other Foot Health problems. The requirement of foot pressure
measurement sensors, are that they must have mobility with limited cabling.
Materials And Methods: This was a prospective study done as an outpatient procedure at Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute,
Kelambakkam, Chengalpattu district of Tamil Nadu, from January 2019 to December 2019, for foot related ailments of outpatients presenting in
the Department of Orthopaedics. The foot mapping was done by standard static mapping and gait analytical mapping systems. The ndings were
recorded and analyzed by a computer and the patients were prescribed custom made foot-wear.
Results: 945 cases were included in the study of which 575 patients had foot related orthopaedic pain pathology in the age group of 28 to 57years.
Only for the 170 patients in the plantar fasciitis group was Hydrocortisone Injection administered. Remaining foot pathologies were treated with
wax bath and ultrasound therapy. For the neurological foot pain segment comprising of 114 patients, neurologist consultation was sought, of which
36 cases turned out to be, due to lumbar canal stenosis and were surgically intervened upon. Of the 208 patients with Achilles tendonitis, 165
patients resolved with a heel and sole raise, with physiotherapy and the remaining 43 patient required spur and bursal surgical exploration and
excision.
Conclusion: Plantar foot pressure mapping, should be an integral part of the list of investigations, while trying to diagnose and treat the problems
related to foot abnormalities and pathologies.
mulher preta no mundo do trabalho brasileiro
Authors: Carvalho Mônica , Nascimento dos Santos Winnie
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo objetiva explicitar o lugar destinado a mulheres pretas na sociedade contemporânea, levando em consideração os papéis por elas ocupados no mundo do trabalho, buscando compreender as similaridades e diferenças vivenciadas por mulheres pretas que realizam trabalhos domésticos, e que ocupam posições de prestígio em cargos de liderança. Essa reflexão gira em torno da forma com a qual, de maneira objetiva e subjetiva, o sistema capitalista se beneficia por manter mulheres pretas em um lugar social de subalternidade a partir da intersecção de múltiplas opressões. Este artigo, articula dados das pesquisas de Carvalho (2019) e Santos (2020) objetivando compreender as violências concretas e simbólicas vivenciadas por esse grupo de mulheres que, considerando a estrutura patriarcal e  cisheteronormativa segue, ao longo da história, ocupando a base da pirâmide social, mesmo quando ascendem no mundo do trabalho.