bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In-silico molecular docking study to investigate the disinfection performance of barium ferrate towards Vibrio species isolated from aquaculture wastewater
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam-530 045, India, Manisha Miss , Dadhich A.S. ,   Department of Chemistry, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam-530 045, India, Sen A. ,   Department of Chemistry, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam-530 045, India
Published: September 2023

Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the disinfection performance of barium ferrate towards Vibrio species isolated from aquaculture wastewater and comparison with potassium ferrate via molecular docking study. Methodology: The experiments were conducted on Vibrio species isolated from aquaculture wastewater. The barium ferrate dose as Fe(VI) for the treatment ranged from 3.68 to 22.08 mg l-1, respectively. The contact time for the experiment varied from 10 to 60 min. The disinfection performance was calculated by the plate count method. The experimental study was also modeled with density functional theory (DFT) studies. Results: Barium ferrate showed effective disinfection against Vibrio species. A dose of 18.4 mg l-1 Fe(VI) was sufficient for complete disinfection of Vibrio species in 50 min. The initial plate count of 33000 per 100 ml was determined by the CFU method decreased to 0 per 100 ml. The docking study revealed that the binding energy for the interaction of barium ferrate with the Vibrio cholera bacterial protein was-49.71 kcal mol-1. Interpretation: Barium ferrate, a green chemical, thoroughly disinfects Vibrio species without producing harmful by-products, making barium ferrate a suitable disinfectant for aquaculture wastewater treatment. Key words: Barium ferrate, Density Functional Theory, Molecular docking, Vibrio species, Wastewater disinfectant.
Correlation between physiological and yield attributes in bread wheat genotypes for high temperature tolerance
Authors:   Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004, India, Goyal A. , Munjal R. ,   Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004, India, Rani B. ,   Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004, India, Swami P. ,   Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004, India, Kumari A. ,   Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004, India
Published: September 2023

Aim: The aim of the present study was to observe the role of heat stress in the correlation of physiological and yield attributes in bread wheat genotypes. Methodology: Seven wheat genotypes (PBW781, RWP-2018-30, PBW821, RWP-2018-31, WH1239, RWP-2018-26, and RWP-2018-32) along with three check varities namely DBW14, WH730, and RAJ3765 were grown under timely sown (TS) and late sown (LS) conditions in the field research area of Wheat Section, CCS HAU, Hisar (2018-19). For generating heat stress, delay in sowing (4 weeks) was done in late sown from timely sown. These wheat lines were assessed for several physiological and yield attributes under both conditions and one genotype was found to be heat-tolerant under late sown condition. Results: PBW821 was classified as thermo-tolerant due to maximum grain yield, higher normalized difference vegetation index, photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, and lower canopy temperature compared to other varieties under late sown conditions. Interpretation: Identification of a heat-resistant wheat genotype would be a valuable resource for developing high-yielding cultivars under high-temperature conditions, and these findings might also be used in breeding programs. Key words: Grain yield, Heat tolerance, Physiological traits, Triticum aestivum
Effects of extraction temperature on phytoconstituents of leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica and its antiparasitic efficacy against Argulus sp.
Authors:   Department of Aquatic Animal Health Management, College of Fisheries, Bihar Animal Sciences University, Kishanganj-855 107, India, Kumari P. , Kumar S. ,   Department of Aquatic Animal Health Management, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai- 400 061, India, Rajendran K.V. ,   Department of Aquatic Animal Health Management, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai- 400 061, India, Brahmchari R.K. ,   Department of Aquatic Animal Health Management, College of Fisheries, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Muzaffarpur- 843 121, India, Raman R.P. ,   Department of Aquatic Animal Health Management, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai- 400 061, India
Published: September 2023

Aim: To understand the effect of extraction temperatures on the phytoconstituents of dried and fresh neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf extracts and its antiparasitic efficacy (AE %) against Argulus sp., an ectoparasite of fish. Methodology: Extracts of fresh and dried neem leaf were prepared using water at three different temperatures viz. room temperature (26 °C) for 24 hr, cold extraction (4 °C) for 24 hr and hot extraction (60°C) for 15 min, respectively. The preliminary qualitative and high-performance thin liquid chromatography analysis was conducted to estimate the phytoconstituents of each extract. The antiparasitic efficacy and 6 hr median effective concentration (EC50) of each extract was estimated against Argulus sp. Results: The qualitative test revealed all the estimated phytoconstituents in aqueous dried and fresh leaf extract prepared at 26 °C. Whereas the hot extract of dried leaf lacked alkaloids, and similarly among the fresh leaf extract, the absence of saponin in the cold, and hot extract lacked terpenoids and tannin. Further, thin layer chromatography analysis revealed more phytoconstituents in dried leaf than fresh neem leaf extracts at all extraction temperatures. Significantly higher 6 hr antiparasitic efficacy of 100 % and 61 % with an estimated median effective concentration (EC50) of 2.75 and 3.24 were found for dried and fresh neem leaf extracts, respectively, extracted at 26 °C in 3.5 g l-1 compared to cold and hot extracts. Interpretation: The present study recommends room temperature as the best condition for extracting active phytoconstituents from neem leaf extracts, additionally dried neem leaf extract could be a potent argulocidal agent in the aquaculture industry Key words: Antiparasitic efficacy, Argulus sp., Azadirachta indica, Extraction temperature, Phytoconstituents
A critical review on occurrence, distribution, environmental impacts and biodegradation of microplastics
Authors:   Department of Research & Innovation, Saveetha School of Engineering, Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai-602 105, India, Avinash G.P. , Karthick Raja Namasivayam s. ,   Department of Research & Innovation, Saveetha School of Engineering, Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai-602 105, India, Arvind Bharani R.S. ,   Department of Research & Innovation, Saveetha School of Engineering, Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai-602 105, India
Published: September 2023

Microplastics are small plastic particles (<5mm) linked by hydrocarbon atoms. Microplastics are of two types: primary microplastics, which are inadvertently released into the ecosystem as microbeads, plastic pellets and plastic fibres and secondary microplastics, derived from primary microplastics, when macroplastics get decomposed in the presence of UV light or weathering. Sources of contamination by microplastics can be classified as Terrestrial sources and Aquatic Sources. Microplastics are widespread in diverse ecosystems and are spread in different parts of the world, like India, China, Brazil and Malaysia. Recent studies have revealed the toxic effects of microplastics on various biotic and abiotic components. Microplastics can be completely removed from the soil by microbial biodegradation, most preferably bacteria, actinobacteria and fungi. Bacteria, the recurring group of microbes, can degrade pollutants. Actinobacteria, a commonly occurring Gram-positive bacterium, degrade polymer accumulation. Followed by bacteria, fungi are a major group of microorganisms known to degrade microplastics. The current review deals with the type of plastics, their sources, distribution, environmental impacts and degradation using biological methods, preferably microbes, which would further help in understanding the microplastic-mediated adverse effects' molecular mechanism and their removal from the environment using Green Technology. Key words: Biodegradation, Microbes, Microplastics, Toxicity
The influence of greenwashing on sustainable behaviour: The mediators of green perceived risk and green scepticism
Authors:   Department of Management Studies, College of Engineering, Guindy, Anna University, Chennai-600 025, India, Kavitha R. , Senthil Kumar N. ,   Department of Management Studies, College of Engineering, Guindy, Anna University, Chennai-600 025, India
Published: September 2023

Aim: To evaluate how greenwashing can affect sustainable behaviour. This study also explores the role of green perceived risk and green scepticism as mediators and how these mediators affect each other sequentially in the relationship between greenwashing and sustainable behaviour. Methodology: As people are now completely dependent on gadgets in their daily lives, therefore, the researcher solicited consumers who had purchased eco-friendly gadgets from shopping malls and other electronic stores 450 subjects were selected using "purposive sampling". Indian consumers in Chennai, Hyderabad, Bengaluru, and Pondicherry are the subjects of the study. Responses were obtained through the use of a questionnaire. To test the research hypotheses, the study used SPSS 25 and AMOS 21. Results: The results indicate that the negative correlation between green washing and sustainable behaviour was mediated by green perceived risk and green scepticism, and these mediators serially affected green washing and sustainable behaviour. Interpretation: This study suggests that firms should integrate transparency into green products without employing greenwash, which would increase consumer trust in green products and reduce green perceived risk and green scepticism among them. Consumers today are aware of greenwashing and have started to investigate it. This research is crucial to protect both the environment and mankind. Key words: Green perceived risk, Green scepticism, Greenwash, Sustainable buying behaviour, Transparency
Bionomics, length-weight relationship and condition factor of Chocolate mahseer, Neolissochilus hexagonolepis from Dikhu River, Nagaland
Authors:   Department of Zoology, Nagaland University, Lumami- 798 627, India, Kechu M. , Ezung S. ,   Department of Zoology, Nagaland University, Lumami- 798 627, India, Pankaj P.P. ,   Department of Zoology, Nagaland University, Lumami- 798 627, India
Published: September 2023

Aim: Chocolate mahseer (Neolissochilus hexagonolepis) is widely distributed in the North-eastern region of India. The study aimed to evaluate the bionomic aspects of chocolate mahseer of Nagaland to validate its status. Methodology: Fish Neolissochilus hexagonolepis were collected from March 2019 to February 2020 from Dikhu River, Nagaland. Regression analysis for morphometric study was conducted using the least square method. Logarithmically transformed total length and weight data were utilized to determine the correlation coefficient 'r', coefficient of determination 'r²', and condition factor for male, female, and pooled groups. Results: The highest correlation was seen in standard length ('r' = 0.9968), and the least correlation was observed in eye diameter ('r' = 0.7769). The length-weight relationship exhibited two growth patterns, namely negative allometric growth, which were represented by females (b = 2.807) and pooled (b = 2.868) population, whereas the population of males displayed positive allometric growth (b = 3.015). The correlation coefficient and coefficient of determination of males, females and the pooled sexes showed a positive correlation with relation to its length and weight ranging from 'r' = 0.970 - 0.981 and 'r²' = 0.941 - 0.961, respectively. The condition factor for all the groups ranged from 1.10 - 1.14. Interpretation: Morphometric traits like standard length, snout length, head length etc. (dependent variable) were analyzed on total length (independent variable), signifying a positive correlation among variables. Length-weight relationship displayed high significance between length and weight parameters. The condition factor for all the groups indicated general well-being of fish condition in their environment. Key words: Chocolate mahseer, Condition factor, Length-weight relationship, Morphometric studies
Metabolomic screening for therapeutic potential in Mimela sp., an edible insect of the Arunachal Pradesh region
Authors:   Department of Zoology, Rajiv Gandhi University, Itanagar-791 112, India, Tukshipa S. , Muni N. ,   Department of Zoology, Rajiv Gandhi University, Itanagar-791 112, India, Prveen mr. ,   Department of Zoology, Rajiv Gandhi University, Itanagar-791 112, India, Chakravorty J. ,   Department of Zoology, Rajiv Gandhi University, Itanagar-791 112, India
Published: September 2023

Aim: Mimela sp. a small coleopteran beetle is rich in proteins, essential amino acids, fatty acids, some vitamins and minerals. It contains nutritional and therapeutic values. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the bioactive compounds of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Mimela sp. to understand its pharmacological/therapeutic importance. Methodology: The biologically active metabolites were analysed using Agilent Quadrupole time of flight mass analyser (Q-TOF-MS). Chromatographic separations were performed using 5 ul of aqueous and ethanolic sample injected onto an Agilent ultra high performance liquid chromatography system. Elution was carried out using solvent A (0.1% Formic acid in water) and solvent B (90% Acetonitrile +10% H2O+ 0.1% Formic acid) at a flow rate of 300 ul min-1 for 30 min. Results: Analysis of both aqueous and ethanol extracts of Mimela sp. showed the presence of important chemical compounds like alpha amino acids (L-Ornithine, (R)-(+)-2-Pyrrolidone-5-Carboxylic acid), monoesters (Ethyl hydrogen sulphate, Carboxylic acid (Benzoic acid), monoterpenoids (Linaylphenylacetate), Cyclic polyols (D-Pinitol), phenols (Vanillic acid, Phyllohydroquinone) and polyphenols (Gentisic acid), which have immunological, antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antiviral properties. Interpretation: Mimela sp. contain appreciable number. of bioactive compounds which can be further isolated and developed as drugs for modern medicines. Key words: Bio-active, Efficacy, Mimela sp., Secondary metabolite, Therapeutic
Comparison study on low-density polyethylene film biodegradation potential of Achoria grisella and Galleria mellonella larvae
Authors:   Department of Zoology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara-144 411, India, Kapahi N. , Marwaha L. ,   Department of Zoology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara-144 411, India, Kaur M. ,   Department of Zoology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara-144 411, India, Bawa G. ,   Department of Zoology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara-144 411, India
Published: September 2023

Aim: The current research investigates biodegradation of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) facilitated with and without gut microbiota in Galleria mellonella and Achoria grisella. Methodology: A batch of 50 larvae of Galleria mellonella and Achoria grisella administered with antibiotics (A group) along with larvae not fed with antibiotics (WA group) were exposed to LDPE film. After biodegradation, the weight loss of degraded LDPE film, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric Analysis, and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy analysis were performed to confirm the plastic biodegradation potential of selected insects. Results: In a and WA groups, the post-biodegradation for a selected species of wax moth exhibited weight loss of 2.763%, 0.789%, 5.403% and 1.481%, respectively. The SEM images revealed that both A and WA groups were capable of LDPE film disintegration. The FTIR of biodegraded film confirmed the deterioration of LDPE by indicating a change in the typical peaks of C−H and H−C−H bonds that points out the biodegradation of polyethylene.Further, the thermogravimetric analysis showed a substantial mass loss in the LDPE flakes consumed by the insects, demonstrating a decline in the thermal stabilities of disintegrated polymers. GC-MS of frass validated the presence of many component groups, including alkanes, alcohols, esters, ethers and acids, which confirmed the biodegradation of LDPE. Interpretation: Wax worms possess the capacity to biodegrade LDPE, independent of gut microbiota Key words: Achoria grisella, Antibiotic, Galleria mellonella, Low-density polyethylene
Length-weight relationship of six freshwater fish species from Wular Lake - A Ramsar site in Kashmir Himalaya, India
Authors:   Division of Fisheries Resource Management, Faculty of Fisheries, SKUAST-K, Srinagar, 191 201, India, Mushtaq S.T. , Balkhi M.H. ,   Division of Fisheries Resource Management, Faculty of Fisheries, SKUAST-K, Srinagar, 191 201, India, Bhat F.A. ,   Division of Fisheries Resource Management, Faculty of Fisheries, SKUAST-K, Srinagar, 191 201, India, Shah T.H. ,   Division of Fisheries Resource Management, Faculty of Fisheries, SKUAST-K, Srinagar, 191 201, India, Mushtaq S.A. ,   Division of Fisheries Resource Management, Faculty of Fisheries, SKUAST-K, Srinagar, 191 201, India, Qadri S. ,   Division of Fisheries Resource Management, Faculty of Fisheries, SKUAST-K, Srinagar, 191 201, India, Farooq I. ,   Division of Fisheries Resource Management, Faculty of Fisheries, SKUAST-K, Srinagar, 191 201, India, Rehman A. ,   Division of Fisheries Resource Management, Faculty of Fisheries, SKUAST-K, Srinagar, 191 201, India
Published: September 2023

Aim: This study was undertaken to understand the length weight relation of six freshwater fish species from Wular Lake. Methodology: A total of 303 specimen belonging to two families (Cyprinidae and Nemacheilidae) and four genera (Schizothorax, Triplophysa, Crossocheilus, Puntius) from Wular Lake were collected from five different sites with the help of local skilled fishermen using cast nets and traditional nets. Total length and weight were measured to the closest 0.1 mm and 0.01 g employing a digital caliper and weighing balance, respectively. Results: The values of the exponent b in length-weight relationship was recorded as 2.05 for Triplophysa marmorata, 0.31 for Crossocheilus diplochilus, 0.12 for Pethia conchonius, 4.14 for Schizothorax niger, 2.58 for Schizothorax esocinus and 4.93 for Schizothorax curvifrons respectively. These results provide the primary basic information on length-weight parameters of these commercially important fish species from Wular Lake. Interpretation: Length-weight relationship can form a baseline data that can be further employed to study the growth pattern of fish species in the lake. This would help in the development of a strategy for conservation of natural stocks of these endemic fish species in Wular Lake. Key words: Ecological, Freshwater, Ramsar, Schizothorax, Wular Lake
Analysis of the use of Slang Language in Usage Indonesian Language Among Students of Vocational High School
Authors: Agustiani Yayu , Wikanengsih  , Mustika Ika
Published: September 2023

Language is a tool used by humans to interact with each other. With human language, humans can interact anytime and anywhere according to their respective regional languages, especially Indonesian. Indonesian is the unifying language of the nation and must be upheld by its citizens. But in reality, there are still many citizens who experience obstacles in interacting due to a lack of language skills. Errors in language can happen to anyone, be it children, adults, or seniors; it depends on the person's understanding of the language according to the rules. This study aims to analyze the impact of using slang that often occurs among schoolchildren at SMK Miftahul Ihsan. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method that describes data on language errors that are often used by schoolchildren. The facts about the language errors were obtained by using the recording and listening methods in class. Besides the data collection techniques, this study used a recording device to record all the conversations of the informants in the class. The results of the study indicate that the impact of using slang that occurs in schoolchildren or adolescents is inherent and used in students' daily lives so that it becomes a habit. The language errors are: 1) The occurrence of deviant errors or slang; 2) Errors in the use of joining suffixes; 3) Errors in omitting one letter (phoneme) in a sentence; and 4) the replacement of diphthongs "au" and "ai" with "o" and "e.".
Comparative studies on exposure of edible vegetables to spent engine oil and PAH components
Authors: Ukachukwu Chidinma , Udebuani Angela Chika , Ugwu Tochukwu Nicholas
Published: September 2023

The consequences of enhanced PAH deposition and accumulation in food crop and other biota can be traced to environmental pollution through human activities which has improved due to industrial revolution. The impact of this phenomena has been observed in the food chain as this toxicant accumulates within its system and therefore, it can be exposed to human being with detrimental effect. The study compared exposure of edible vegetables to PAH from spent engine oil and three purchased PAH component (benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(k)fluoranthene and benzo(ghi)perylene). PAH was extracted from soil and plant using soxhlet extraction method. The health risk review was done using risk assessment model. The unpolluted vegetables showed a higher growth performance when compared to the exposed vegetables pertaining to their bio-tolerance. However, unpolluted vegetable was significantly different (P<0.05) from polluted vegetable. The result showed that Fluoranthene (Flu), benzo(a)Pyrene (B(a)P), Acenaphthene (Ace), Anthracene (Ant), Naphthalene (Nap) and Benzo(b)Fluoranthene obtained from spent engine oil polluted soil (SEOPS) were the most abundant in the soil. However, concentration of commercially purchased benzo(a)pyrene was observed to be higher in plants than (Benzo(k)fluoranthene and Benzo(ghi)perylene) utilized. Bioaccumulation factor total (BAFT) of commercially purchased B(a)P, B(k)F and B(ghi)P showed higher accumulation value (1.8, 1.5), compared to that of spent engine oil in edible vegetables. Analysis of the calculated assessing value (AV), Benzo(a)pyrene toxic equivalent quotient (BaPteq), food daily intake, and margin of exposure (MOE) showed potential risk concern when consumed, except for progressive lifetime cancer risk (PLCR). The PLCR poses relatively low health concern; nevertheless, prolonged exposure to these pollutants can affect humans as it possesses a high potential to bio-accumulate in edible vegetables.
The effect of fermentation process on increasing biodegradable organic waste reduction with Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larva bioconversion method
Authors: Fitriana Aulia Rodlia , Akbar Achmad Fajrul , Bagastyo Arseto Yekti
Published: September 2023

. In 2021, Indonesia produced 64 million tons of waste, with market waste dominating at 22.7%. Organic waste processing can yield biogas, compost and can undergo the bioconversion process using Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae. BSF larvae lack cellulose-degrading enzymes. The addition of a fermentation process can increase growth and reduce waste. The research involved adding a fermentation process with two types of fermenters. Fermentation was carried out at different durations to determine to optimal fermentation period. The biodegradable waste utilised was vegetable and fruit waste from the market. As a control, organic waste without fermentation will also be utilized. The results indicated that fermentation had no significant effect on waste reduction. The reduction in fermented and non-fermented waste was 62.97% and 50.67%. Waste reduction is directly related to the larvae’s ability to consume waste. Fermented waste treated with Trichoderma (10 days) had exhibited peak larval growth at 18 days of age, whereas non-fermented waste reached its peak growth at 25 days. The residue from fermented waste had a lower quantity but a higher the C/N ratio of 89.37, while non-fermented waste residue had a greater quantity with a C/N ratio of 62.11.
Advance oxidation processes of Rhodamine B under O3/UV using spent bleaching earth-ZnO composite: Performance in kinetics
Authors: Yulikasari Andriyan , Nurhayati Ervin , Xaverius Fernando Cornelio Fransiscus , Susanti Diah
Published: September 2023

Spent bleaching earth and ZnO composite (SBE/ZnO) was prepared as the catalyst for the advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) of rhodamine B (RB) under O3/UV.  The photocatalytic ozonation process of RB was conducted at an ozone flow rate of 1 L/min by adjusting the variation of initial RB concentration, catalyst dosage, and reaction time.  The RB removal efficiency of 96.7% was reached within 36 min at optimal operational conditions (initial concentration of 100 mg/L and catalyst dosage of 1.5 g). The kinetical analysis at this condition showed that the photocatalytic ozonation process of RB followed a pseudo-first-order reaction with a rate constant of 0.0975 min-1. Meanwhile, the effect of operational variables was evaluated using response surface methodology (RSM) and resulted in an optimized model for RB Removal following equation:  RB Removal = 84.95 - 6.24A + 5.81B + 22.45C + 3.07AB + 13.14AC - 6.72BC + 0.1174A2 + 7.86B2 - 8.90C2, where A is the initial concentration of RB, B is catalyst dose and C is reaction time, with a high coefficient of determination R2 = 0.9432.
Contributions and problems of mathematical models in COVID-19 prevention in Japan
Authors: Kakehashi Masayuki , Matsuda Hiroyuki
Published: September 2023

This article reviews the essential role of mathematical models in
understanding and combatting the pandemic of novel coronaviruses, in
particular focusing the advance in the use of mathematical models in
disease control in Japan. Highlighting the integral role of mathematical
models in public health, the article introduces a model that factors in
the heterogeneity of infectious contacts, concentrating on the
effectiveness of testing and isolation, alongside a model that involves
economic losses. The models exhibit how, given such heterogeneity,
milder behavioral restrictions can still achieve suppression, rigorous
testing and isolation can effectively curb the spread, and containment
measures can mitigate economic losses. These models aid in grasping the
complicated dynamics of disease transmission and optimizing
interventions. The knowledge of population ecology is also considered
effective for public health in statistical analysis, organizing concepts
using dynamic mathematical models, which lead to policy proposals and
deepen understanding. Evolution theory may help the understanding of
virulence subject to change. However, effective prevention necessitates
not only models but also the practical implementation of efficacious
measures. The cooperation of various disciplines is particularly crucial
in achieving a balance between health measures, economic interests, and
human rights. Moreover, the article acknowledges the limitations of
models and underscores the significance of real-world execution.
Overall, the article advocates for a broader outlook to tackle future
pandemics and related challenges, underscoring the importance of ongoing
academic cooperation and global governance to effectively address
emerging infectious diseases and their far-reaching implications.
Transporters involved in adult rat cortical astrocyte dopamine uptake: kinetics, expression and pharmacological modulation
Authors: Socan Vesna , Kržan Mojca , Dolinar Klemen
Published: September 2023

Astrocytes, glial cells in the central nervous system, perform a
multitude of homeostatic functions and are in constant bidirectional
communication with neuronal cells, a concept named the tripartite
synapse, however their role in the dopamine homeostasis remains
unexplored. The aim of this study was to clarify the pharmacological and
molecular characteristics of dopamine transport in cultured cortical
astrocytes of adult rats. In addition, we were interested in the
expression of mRNA of dopamine transporters as well as dopamine
receptors D1 and D2 and in the effect of dopaminergic drugs on the
expression of these transporters and receptors. We have found that
astrocytes possess both Na-dependent and
Na-independent transporters. Uptake of radiolabelled
dopamine was time-, temperature- and concentration-dependent and was
inhibited by decynium-22, a plasma membrane monoamine transporter
inhibitor, tricyclic antidepressants desipramine and nortriptyline, both
inhibitors of the norepinephrine transporter. Results of transporter
mRNA expression indicate that the main transporters involved in cortical
astrocyte dopamine uptake are the norepinephrine transporter and plasma
membrane monoamine transporter. Both dopamine receptor subtypes were
identified in cortical astrocyte cultures. 24-hour treatment of
astrocyte cultures with apomorphine, a D1/D2 agonist, induced
upregulation of D1 receptor, norepinephrine transporter and plasma
membrane monoamine transporter, whereas the latter was downregulated by
haloperidol and L-DOPA. Astrocytes take up dopamine by multiple
transporters and express dopamine receptors, which are sensitive to
dopaminergic drugs. The findings of this study could open a promising
area of research for the fine-tuning of existing therapeutic strategies.
Legal regulation of the solutions to refugees’ issues and population exchange in Ukraine of the xx century: historical retrospective and modern vision
Authors: Makarchuk Volodymyr
Published: September 2023

XX century was marked by large population migrations – in the world in general, in Europe, which survived two world wars, and in Ukraine in particular. Unfortunately, these migration processes were accompanied by a large number of refugees. Significant groups of the population have been leaving their usual places of residence semi-voluntarily, as a result of optation. It is obvious that in most cases these movements of thousands of masses of the population did not happen without the interference of state institutions with the appropriate regulatory and legal basis – both of international legal and domestic origin. The paper studies the migration processes in Ukraine, primarily during the two World Wars. Both international legal documents which regulated the choice of citizenship (Soviet-German agreements of 1939–1940, agreements with the post-war Polish and Czechoslovak governments, etc.), as well as legislative provisions which regulated migration at the «internal» level, were considered. The article notes that in certain cases migrations of the population were not regulated by relevant interstate agreements, which left large enclaves of Romanian (Hertsa district in Bukovyna) and Hungarian (Berehove district and other lands of Zakarpattia) within modern Ukraine. The latter circumstance in some way complicates relations between our state and Hungary, which is governed by the great-power government of Viktor Orban. The author expresses the view that the historical experience of the XX century is mechanically inapplicable to modern conditions, but certain aspects can be considered by domestic legislators when settling the consequences of the Russian aggression of 2014–202? against sovereign Ukraine.
Features of the evolution of the idea of the Ukrainian nation statehood under the conditions of the strengthening of the russian-imperial incorporation of the cossack hetmmann
Authors: Terlyuk Ivan
Published: September 2023

Issues of the evolution of the idea of Ukrainian national statehood фin the Hetmanate after the so-called "Mazepa's betrayals". It is emphasized that the idea of national statehood in the contemporary conditions of strengthening the incorporation of the Hetmanship by imperial Russia was promoted by the efforts of the educated layers of its nobility and nobility. Monuments of Ukrainian political and legal thought of the 18th century were analyzed, in which the need to preserve the autonomy of the Hetmanship is argued. It is concluded that the main issue of the political life of the Hetmanate, especially from the second half of the 18th century, is the struggle between Russian imperial centralism and the Ukrainian desire for autonomy. It is emphasized that the codification of Cossack law in the 18th century was a hidden attempt to justify the need to preserve the autonomous system of the Hetmanship for the elders. Cossack chronicles are presented as a manifestation of a new type of Ukrainian national identity, based on the political formula of joint service to "our Cossack Little Russian fatherland", but already as a clearly defined territory inhabited by "Cossack people". It is believed that the struggle for the preservation of the autonomous status of the Hetmanate was understood by its apologists as the preservation of Cossack freedoms, while the latter were identified with the protection of national rights. As a conclusion, it is argued that the spread of ideas of the development of the Ukrainian state as an autonomous one resulted in the emergence of the Ukrainian intelligentsia - the bearer of national consciousness. However, it was noted that the Cossack-elderly class sought limited national autonomy within the framework of Tsarist Russia, and at the same time advocated the preservation of the foundations of the system of that time. Finally summarizing, the belief is expressed that the Cossacks of the Hetmanate of the XVIII century. it still could not (with the exception of certain individuals from its environment) realize itself as a full-fledged subject of social and political relations, the owner of its own land, an elite responsible for its people.
Limitation of state sovereignty in the conditions of globalization: theoretical and legal aspect
Authors: Chornopyska Victoriya , Antsyferova Mariia
Published: September 2023

In the article, the author discusses the current state and use of the concept of state sovereignty in international law. The author analyzes the issue of limiting sovereignty from the standpoint of real and recent examples in international practice. The article also attempts to trace the evolution of ideas about state sovereignty and analyzes various theoretical and legal approaches to the signs of sovereignty. It was determined that the specific forms of limitation of sovereignty are full and partial (as a result of annexation or gradual inclusion of the territory into another state), as well as voluntary and forced (voluntary entry into any supranational association, for example, the European Union, or restrictions imposed as a result of international interventions in Yugoslavia, Iraq, Syria) restrictions. Based on the results, it is concluded that the observed erosion of the concept of state sovereignty threatens the destruction of the modern system of international relations and the erosion of the very concept of the state as we know and understand it today. One of the drivers of this process is globalization, within the framework of which the sovereign state becomes "redundant" and, in fact, "unnecessary", causing a quick return to the state "before Westphalia", characterized primarily by a huge number of political overlords, whose sovereignty has a weak connection with any separate formal state entities.
Participation of religious organizations in the protection of human environmental rights
Authors: Harasymiv Taras
Published: September 2023

The article substantiates the role of religious organizations in the protection of human environmental rights, analyzes their activities, and determines the methods of legal regulation of their participation in the environmental policy of the state. It was noted that the participation of religious organizations in the protection of environmental human rights should be considered primarily in three aspects: reflection of environmental issues in social doctrines (if adopted) and other theoretical developments of religious organizations; functioning in the structure of religious organizations of special institutions dealing with issues of environmental protection; implementation of environmental events by religious organizations. The participation of religious organizations in the protection of human environmental rights consists in the implementation of the main task - "ecological conversion", the constituent elements of which should be the formation of an internal instruction to protect the creature-nature, as well as proper knowledge of how this preservation can be practically implemented. The means of implementing this task are as follows: dissemination of the official teachings of religious organizations regarding ecology; consolidation of the efforts of religious organizations, scientific and educational institutions, state and public organizations in solving local, national, regional and global problems of nature conservation and ensuring the ecological safety of mankind; consulting, organizing and conducting public and scientific events dedicated to environmental issues; dissemination of appeals/appeals of religious leaders regarding environmental issues in religious and secular mass media; translation of relevant literature, etc.
Legal imperatives of society tolerance relationship
Authors: Harasymiv Taras , Lepisevych Petro
Published: September 2023

The article defines the legal imperatives of tolerance of social relations. The problem of tolerance is connected with a number of fundamental philosophical and worldview questions that affect the understanding of man, his identity, civic position, the possibilities and limits of nation- and state-building, the democratization of social life, the dialogue of cultures and civilizations, and the search for a "sophia" discourse of tolerance. It was noted that tolerance is one of the values that is usually associated with the European style of legal thinking. Tolerance is not just a value that is given a legal meaning (that is, an end value), but a value that is legal in its content (that is, a means value). It is concluded that the tolerance of social relations is inextricably linked with the application of law, the forms of its implementation, the implementation of legal activities, as well as ensuring the rights and legitimate interests of a person. Ideally, the entire legal system should be based on tolerance, serve as a means of its expression, consolidation, protection and protection. Being introduced into the practice of implementing the current law, tolerance acquires legal features that determine its official level. Ukraine's aspiration to join international organizations should be based on the recognition of the main international legal documents, which enshrine the principle of tolerance.
Individual and social constants of identity: philosophical and legal modeling of their interaction
Authors: Davydiuk Valentyn
Published: September 2023

The article outlines meaningful priorities that reveal the essence of identity, in particular, individual and social constants of identity are highlighted by means of philosophical and legal modeling of their interaction. It has been proven that the concept of identity has the potential of one of the most powerful concepts in today's globalized society. The phenomenon of identity is a unique prism through which the main spheres of human existence are understood, analyzed and interpreted. The actualization of identity as a social problem can be traced at all levels: household, state, political, religious, gender, etc. The author found out that the concept of identity is neither an obvious nor a homogeneous construct, which has an undeniable meaning and value in various socio-cultural contexts. The constant and multifaceted interest in the phenomenon of identity gives reason to assert the incompleteness and openness of the discourse on identity as a category of philosophical and legal science. Therefore, today there is an urgent need to determine the prospects of further research in this direction, primarily through the study of two aspects: first, the methods of defining and evaluating the phenomenon of identity in small and large social groups in the conditions of a growing level of legal and social polarization and mistrust of various social institutions (state, legal, social) and the implementation of socially important decisions, that is, the transfer of rhetoric about identity from the individual-psychological level to the social-cultural and national level; secondly, the development of approaches to distinguishing "real" identity, its authentic dimension from "situational" identities in the conditions of opportunism of atomized societies, an example of which is currently Ukraine.
Features of the activities of public organizations in the context of the formation of legal ideology in transitive societies
Authors: Zhuravskyi Rostyslav
Published: September 2023

The article defines the peculiarities of the activities of public organizations in the context of the formation of legal ideology in transitive societies. It is noted that as a social phenomenon, legal ideology needs to be considered in at least two aspects: ontological and epistemological. In the ontological aspect, ideology appears as one of the basic socio-legal institutions, and in the epistemological aspect, the study of ideology involves the study of ideological and legal components of Ukrainian society. It was found that legal ideology is a structured and embodied at the theoretical and practical level, a scientifically based system of society's ideas about legal validity, which, thanks to the formation of legal values and goals, can influence people's legal awareness and the development of social and state life. It is concluded that the transition to the purposeful formation of democratic ideology and legal awareness, and accordingly to the legal and democratic state, depends on many factors. One of them, in our opinion, is the formation of a national idea. Among other factors, it should be noted the stabilization of the political and economic situation in the country, the increase in the level of legal education of the population, which is repeatedly updated by legal scholars.
Modern theoretical and legal discourse regarding the definition of "law-making"
Authors: Kapitan Olha , Didukh Khristyna
Published: September 2023

The article analyzes the doctrinal definitions of "law formation" available in modern scientific discourse and outlines the characteristic features of this phenomenon. Based on the generalization of various approaches to the definition of "law-making", the following characteristics are defined: 1) it is used in various aspects; 2) duration of legal formation; 3) contains both objective and subjective factors; 4) legal norms are formed as a result of law formation. Since law formation is a long process, it can be divided into certain stages. Law formation involves three stages: 1) epistemological – reflects the process of emergence and formation of law in the form of legal awareness; 2) material - law is formed as a result of the implementation of subjective rights and legal obligations, which are transformed into specific legal relations; 3) institutional - law appears in the form of legal norms that collectively form a system. It is concluded that law-making as a phenomenon, a separate legal phenomenon is characterized by special independent conceptual aspects. This is primarily explained by the fact that: firstly, law-making has a specific definition that can ensure its unified standardized understanding and further application in scientific research; secondly, the definition of law-making will outline it as a separate independent phenomenon of legal reality, will indicate the special features of law-making and ensure its clear separation from related legal phenomena; thirdly, the conceptual aspects of legal formation will be able to ensure the integrity and systematicity of theoretical and legal knowledge.
Prohibition as a subject of research by legal scholars
Authors: Kelman Mykhailo , Kelman Rostislav
Published: September 2023

The above-mentioned problems are primarily determined by the importance of using legal prohibitions as methods and methods of legal regulation designed to ensure the normal development and existence of society and relations that arise both in society and in the state as a whole. In connection with the difficult political, economic and social situation that has developed in Ukraine, and which is caused by the fact that the country is in a state of hostilities, the loss of part of the country's territory, as well as the systematic, thorough implementation of reforms in all spheres of public life, with the aim of reaching the level of legal support that would correspond to the level of a European country, the use (establishment) of legal prohibitions increased in legislative activity. The problem of legal prohibitions as a special legal method, or even a tool used to regulate social relations, has been studied and highlighted since the time of the formation of the state. In fact, legal prohibitions arose together with society, and were the first social norms, the task of which was to insert mandatory rules of behavior, as a result of which the process of protecting the rights and freedoms of society took place. Legal prohibitions due to their simplicity in understanding and ease of implementation have shown their effectiveness in practice. Based on the analytical understanding of a large array of professional publications that to one degree or another relate to the subject of research, taking into account the peculiarities of the source legal framework, on the basis of which specific historical events of a state-political and legal nature took place, choosing the most optimal methodology for the study and analysis of historical, social, state- of legal and legal phenomena, a comprehensive solution to the problem of formation and development of prohibition as a method of legal regulation, relevant for the science of legal theory, was carried out.