bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison between nasal high-flow oxygen therapy and noninvasive ventilation on the outcome of patients with chronic interstitial lung disease complicated with acute respiratory failure
Authors: Elkheshen Osama Mohamed , El-Shaarawy Dalia Ezzat , El-Baradey Ghada Fouad , Bahr Hoda Mokhtar
Published: January 2024

Background

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a wide range of illnesses that damage the lung parenchyma and have varying etiologies, clinical presentations, radiographic patterns, and histological appearances. The common characteristic is the occurrence of inflammatory and fibrous changes. This work aimed to compare the clinical outcome of high-flow nasal oxygen therapy and noninvasive ventilation in patients presenting with acute exacerbation of chronic interstitial lung disease.

Materials and Methods

This prospective, randomized work was performed on 40 individuals with acute exacerbation of ILD. Participants were categorized into two equal groups: Group1 were treated with high-flow nasal oxygen therapy (HFNOT), aged from 27–82 years. Group 2 were treated with noninvasive ventilation (NIV), aged from 40 to 80 years.

Results

A substantial negative association existed among the HACOR score and ROX index as a low HACOR score and a high ROX index is predicting for success and vice versa. Mortality rate and survival are equal in both groups but HFNOT is more comfortable and better tolerated than NIV, and is also expected to maintain a better quality of life because it easily allows food intake and conversations.

Conclusion

HFNOT is considered to be the first noninvasive option as a noninvasive ventilator in individuals with acute exacerbation of ILD after the failure of conventional oxygen therapy with same efficacy, more tolerability, and less complication carrying the same mortality rate in comparison with NIV.
Outcome of pulmonary complications after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Koraa Emad E Abdel-Wahab , Madkour Ashraf M , Fathy Rehab M M , El Razzaz Mostafa K , Abbas Mohamed S , Abdelrazik Marwa I A
Published: January 2024

Background

Over the past three decades, hematopoietic stem cells transplantation (HSCT)has been widely and increasingly used as standard of care for patients with congenital or acquired hematopoietic disorders. Serious systemic complications, especially pulmonary complications (PCs) both infectious and noninfectious, may occur post transplantation and may be fatal.

Objective

To study the incidence, types, chronology, probable risk factors as well as outcome of posttransplantation PCs in a cohort of HSCT patients who were followed-up for one year.

Methods

This is a prospective observational study conducted on 80 HSCT recipients who were followed-up for one year for occurrence of any respiratory symptom. A diagnostic algorithm was then followed to reach etiology of both infectious and noninfectious causes.

Results

Fourteen (17.5%) patients had pulmonary symptoms, 12 (86%) were due to infections and 2 (14%) were due to noninfectious causes (a case of engraftment syndrome and another of pulmonary embolism), 67% of infectious PCs and all of noninfectious PCs occurred within the first 100 days post HSCT, 60% of infectious PCs were mixed, the most common isolated pathogen was Mycoplasma pneumoniae (60%), PCs related mortality was 21%.

Conclusion

Post HSCT PCs are common, constituting an important cause for mortality, highlighting the necessity for appropriate clinical diagnosis and management.
The outcome of early use of high-velocity nasal insufflation in acute respiratory failure complicating coronavirus disease 2019
Authors: Bakkar Lamees M , Hussein K , Sadek Samiaa H , Abdulkareem Ebtsam S
Published: January 2024

Background

High-flow nasal cannula showed success in some coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. High-velocity nasal insufflation (Hi-VNI) is a refined form of high-flow nasal cannula that delivers heated and humidified gas with high velocity through a simple small-bore nasal cannula.

Objective

To assess the impact of early use of Hi-VNI in improving hypoxemia and respiratory distress and its effect on the length of ICU stay in COVID-19 patients presented with acute respiratory failure.

Patients and methods

In total, 30 patients with confirmed COVID-19 presented with respiratory failure admitted to intensive care of COVID-19 zone were recruited to the study from October 2021 to February 2022. They were categorized into two groups: early and late Hi-VNI groups according to whether the shift to Hi-VNI occurred after low-flow nasal cannula or non-rebreathing mask, respectively.

Results

Successful outcome was achieved in 73.3% in early Hi-VNI group versus 53.3% in late Hi-VNI group. Regarding successful outcome, the duration of Hi-VNI and ICU stay was significantly (P <0.001) lower in early Hi-VNI group. Higher inflammatory markers and lymphopenia are predictors of failure.

Conclusion

The early use of Hi-VNI in hypoxemic respiratory failure of COVID-19 achieved better improvement of respiratory distress, oxygenation, and shorter ICU stay.
A Case Report of Ayurveda Management of Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: Medidar Asharani
Published: January 2024

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of spondyloarthropathy and involves autoimmune pathology mainly affecting joints of the spine and sacroiliac joints and their soft tissues which are adjacent such as tendons and ligaments. A 12-year-old male patient visited Ayurveda Hospital with complaints of back ache with more severity in the low back radiating to bilateral buttocks, knees, and lower limbs. Considering the clinical history, physical examination, and magnetic resonance imaging of the sacroiliac joint, the condition was diagnosed as AS. As the symptoms of the patient in the present case resembled Gambhira Vatarakta, the patient was treated on the lines of Vatarakta Chikitsa. Shodhana (~Purificatory Methods), Shamana (~Oral medications), and Rasayana (~Rejuvenating medicines) were administered. Shodhana Chikitsa included Snigdha Virechana (~Purgation therapy) and Basti Chikitsa (~medicated enema). The patient showed remarkable improvement in symptoms in the present study by the Ayurveda line of management.
Evaluating the Effects of Topical Mud Application in Managing Psoriasis Symptoms-A Case Report
Authors: Balakrishnan Arthi , Muthupandi Pandiaraja , Arumugam Velan , Annamalai Gayathri , Ponnurangam Ramesh , Kuppusamy Maheshkumar
Published: January 2024

Mud is a combination of various organic and inorganic minerals from natural substances, and mud therapy is considered a conservative treatment approach for psoriasis. A 43-year-old female who has well-defined, erythematous, darkened, scaly annular plaques scattered over her scalp, neck, arms, and lower limbs and has been diagnosed with psoriasis came to the outpatient department for yoga and naturopathy management. Mud application was given every day at 10 am and allowed them to stay in sunlight for 20 min/day for 8 weeks. The Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) was assessed before and after 8 weeks of mud application. After 8 weeks of mud therapy, the PASI score decreased from 13.8 to 4.6. Our findings show that mud therapy has a positive impact on skin lesions for the patients with psoriasis.
Effect of Ayurvedic Polyherbal Compound (Syrup Kasahara Dashemani) in the Management of Vataja Kasa (Acute Cough) in Children – An Open-label Single-arm Clinical Study
Authors: Yadav Neha , Pathak Vijay Kumar , Mahapatra Arun Kumar , Shrikrishna Rajagopala
Published: January 2024

Background:

Cough is one of the most common clinical presentations encountered frequently in the pediatric population and is correlated with Kasa Roga in Ayurveda. Kasa Roga (cough) is distressing to children and hampers their quality of life. Vataja Kasa (acute cough) if left untreated becomes chronic and distressing to both the child and the parents. Various ayurvedic formulations with cough-suppressing effects have been documented in classical texts that are cost-effective; Kasahara Dashemani is one such ayurvedic polyherbal compound mentioned by Acharya Charaka, possessing antitussive properties that are also evidenced by previous studies.

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of Syrup Kasahara Dashemani on classical cardinal features of Vataja Kasa (acute cough), cough scores, and hematological parameters.

Materials and Methods:

The present study was an interventional prospective, open-label, single-arm clinical trial in which 30 children between the age group of 5 and 15 years presenting with classical cardinal features of Vataja Kasa (acute cough) were administered with syrup Kasahara Dashemani orally in various age-dependent doses calculated by using Young’s formula, every 6 h for 1-month duration. Assessment criteria included six classical cardinal features of Vataja Kasa, daytime and nighttime cough scores, and hematological investigations.

Results:

On assessing the outcome parameters, significant improvement was observed in all the six classical cardinal features of Vataja Kasa (acute cough), daytime and nighttime cough scores (P < 0.0001), eosinophil count (P < 0.05), absolute eosinophil count (P < 0.05), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (P < 0.05) in all the study subjects.

Conclusion:

Syrup Kasahara Dashemani can help alleviate Vataja Kasa (acute cough) in the pediatric population.
In silico analysis of luteolin derivatives as antibacterial agents targeting DNA gyrase and CTX-M-15 extended-spectrum β-lactamase of Escherichia coli
Authors: Diyah Nuzul Wahyuning , Indriani Dwi Ayu , Dessidianti Rachma , Siswandono Siswandono
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Luteolin exhibited antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and its chemical structure similar to that of ciprofloxacin (CPF) which works by inhibiting DNA gyrase. Filtrate from passion fruit extract containing luteolin and its derivatives could inhibit extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli. Antibacterial compounds that can also inhibit ESBL will be valuable compounds to overcome the problem of resistant bacteria. This study aimed to ensure the potency of luteolin and luteolin derivatives targeting DNA gyrase and ESBL by in silico approach. Docking simulation of ligands L1-L14 was performed using AutoDock Vina, and pharmacokinetics and toxicity (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) profiles were predicted by pKCSM online. The docking result revealed higher binding affinity on DNA gyrase (PDB.1KZN) of 12 luteolin derivatives (energy <−7.6 kcal/mol) compared to CPF and higher affinity (energy <−6.27 kcal/mol) of all compounds than clavulanic acid against ESBL CTX-M-15 (PDB.4HBU). The compounds could be absorbed through the human intestine moderately, which showed low permeability to blood–brain barrier, nontoxic and nonhepatotoxic. The most active luteolin glycoside (L6) is capable to inhibit DNA gyrase and ESBL from E. coli which provided the potential against resistant bacteria and was promoted as lead compounds to be developed further.
Characteristics of Lactobacillus casei probiotic microparticles in L-type methacrylic acid copolymer matrix
Authors: Sugiyartono  , Soeratri Widji , Permatasari Arini , Rahayu Ayun Dewi , Setyawan Dwi , Isadiartuti Dewi
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Lactobacillus casei (LC) is a type of lactic acid bacterium that is known for its beneficial probiotic properties. However, it is not typically found in the human intestine because it lacks acid resistance. LC thrives in an optimal pH environment of 6.8 and can be initiated in a more acidic environment at a pH of 3.5. This study purposed to compare the effect of L-type methacrylic acid copolymer (MAC) as a matrix (0.50%, 0.75%, and 1.00%) on the physical characteristics of LC probiotic microparticles made by the spray drying process. Probiotic microparticles were also made from a dry suspension of LC FNCC 0090 bacteria and dispersed in a solution of L-type MAC. The results showed that a rise in matrix content by 1.00% increased particle size (4.47 ± 0.19 µm) and reduced moisture content (7.45 ± 0.11%). The analysis of microparticle morphology also indicated a positive correlation between the level of L-type MAC and the production of smooth, nonporous, and almost spherical shapes. In addition, it was observed that encapsulation efficiency (92.46 ± 0.17%) and protection against stomach acid (98.17% ±1.17%) increased with the level of the matrix.
Exploring the modulation of MLH1 and MSH2 gene expression in hesperetin-treated breast cancer cells (BT-474)
Authors: Salman Ahmed Mohammed , Babaei Esmaeil , Al-Khafaji Ahmed Salim Kadhim
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

The major mortality factor for women globally is breast cancer, and current treatments have several adverse effects. Hesperetin (HSP) is a flavone that occurs naturally with anti-tumor capabilities and has been investigated as a potential treatment for cancer. This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic and anti-malignant potential of HSP on breast cancer cells (BT-474) and normal cells (MCF-10a). The results indicated that HSP has dose-dependent cytotoxicity in BT-474 and MCF-10a cells. The elevated concentration of HSP lowered cell viability and proliferation. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of HSP in BT-474 cancer cells after a 48-h exposure was 279.2 μM/ml, while the IC50 in normal cells was 855.4 μM/ml. The cytotoxicity of HSP was more significant in cancer cell lines than in normal cell lines and this aspect presents a favorable factor in utilizing the drug for the treatment of breast cancer. The apoptotic effect of HSP in BT-474 cells was investigated, and it was found that the higher the concentration of HSP more the cells underwent apoptosis. Furthermore, the highest concentration of HSP led to overexpression of the MLH1 and MSH2 genes in both breast cancer and normal cell lines. Overall, our study suggests that HSP has an anticancer effect on breast cancer cell lines, and the effect is concentration dependent.
Quantification of tongue coating using quantitative light-induced fluorescence-digital image analysis and its correlation with visual evaluation
Authors: Shanbhog Raghavendra , Harjai Gunica , Tiwari Saisaumya , Bhojraj Nandlal
Published: January 2024

Background:

The tongue coating is a grayish-white deposit that quickly reflects the state of health or disease of the human body. Quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) is a novel digital imaging system that objectively quantifies tongue coating.

Aims:

The present study aims to evaluate the correlation between the visual assessment of tongue coating and tongue coating by analysis of QLF-digital (QLF-D) images.

Settings and Design:

This was an in vivo explorative study.

Materials and Methods:

Fifty children aged 11–13 years with clinically visible tongue coating were selected for the study. Tongue coating was assessed clinically by the Tongue Coating Index (Shimizu et al., 2007) and digitally by QLF-D Biluminator™ 2, C3 software.

Statistical Analysis:

Data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS 23.0 software. Spearman’s rho correlation test was done, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

A statistically significant correlation was found between the visual assessment scoring and the QLF image analysis for the evaluation of tongue coating.

Conclusion:

The Digital QLF tongue imaging system was found to be reliable due to its correlation with the clinical score and objective nature.
A Rare Case of Thymic Carcinoma: Unusual Presentation of Multiple Lymph Node Metastases Masquerading as Lymphoproliferative Disorder
Authors: Raghavan Vijayashree , Srinivasan Sudha , Kanna N. R. Rajesh , Chandrasekaran Kundhavai , Isaac Jane Betsy
Published: January 2024

Thymic carcinoma is known for its aggressive nature and low survival rates. Due to the rarity of its presentation, particularly with multiple lymph node metastasis resembling lymphoproliferative disorders, emphasizes the need to share our case in the literature. We aimed to raise awareness among surgeons regarding this atypical presentation. Our findings indicate that, in cases of higher stage thymic carcinoma, lymph node dissection should be considered in addition to thymectomy. This recommendation is based on our research and can help guide treatment decisions for similar cases in the future.
COVID-19-related Obsessions and Compulsions after the Full Control of the Pandemic: A Sample of the Nonpsychiatric Saudi Young Adults
Authors: Aljwiser Sultan Mohammed , Alqarni Maram Habas , Alanazi Maha Mohammed , Algarni Maram Ali , Alrashed Nujoud Mohammad , Almashoug Madhawi Ali , Alenzi Ebtihag O. , Alateeq Deemah Ateeq
Published: January 2024

Background:

Symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), contamination type has increased due to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, whether these symptoms would decrease after introducing the vaccines is unknown. Thus, this study examined the prevalence of COVID-19-related OCD among young adults who had never been diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder after fully controlling the pandemic.

Methods:

A sample of 351 young adults from all Saudi regions, whose ages ranged from 18-year-old to 25-year-old, were collected virtually in March and April 2022, via using an Arabic online survey that was distributed through social networks which included socio-demographic characteristics, COVID-19-related items, and COVID-19-related obsessions and compulsions assessment items.

Results:

Most of the participants were females (83.2%), had received the 3rd dose of the vaccine (69.80%), and reported having no obsessive thoughts or compulsive behaviors related to COVID-19 (91.5%, 96.6%). Despite this, males still had lower scores of OCD symptoms related to COVID-19 compared to females (9.98 vs. 14.29). The results also show that the mean scores of OCD symptoms decreased with each vaccine shot, 16.80 ± 18.91, 14.12 ± 10.85, and 13.27 ± 11.27 for the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd doses, respectively.

Conclusion:

Introducing the COVID-19 vaccine may reduce the onsets of obsessions and compulsive behaviors related to contamination. Some compulsive behaviors might be considered the new normal as they do not cause functional impairment.
Application of Aviation Risk Management Policy in Medical Error Cases at King Khalid University Hospital
Authors: Alsubaie Nawaf Mohammed , Alsaleh Faisal Abdulaziz , Alhazzani Hassan Mohammed , Almuhanna Abdulaziz Omar , Alzahrani Mohammed Saeed , Alruwaily Bader Hassan , Hersi Ahmad S. , Kashour Tarek S.
Published: January 2024

Objectives:

Cognitive errors are believed to be responsible for the majority of medical errors in clinical practice. We set to identify the prevalence and the types of cognitive errors among cases reviewed by the Morbidity and Mortality (M and M) Committee at King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH).

Methods:

A cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted at KKUH, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from January 2017 to December 2019. All consecutive cases of adult patients that have had a full review by the M and M committee were included. We applied the adapted (aviation risk management criteria to medicine) to detect any cognitive error among our cases. The cases were classified into three classes based on the number of present errors (A; 3 or more errors, B; 2 errors, and C; 1 error). Descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentages) were used to describe the categorical study variables.

Results:

A total of 16 cases were included in this analysis. Eight cases (50%) fulfilled the criteria for category “A” (3 or more cognitive errors). Cases categorized as “B” with 2 errors was seen in 43.8% and cases categorized as “C” with 1 error was seen in 6.2% of cases. The most commonly observed errors were diagnostic flaws such as diagnostic errors in the face of patients’ symptoms.

Conclusion:

We used the aviation risk management approach to identify cognitive errors in medical cases. We observed that ≥3 errors were more prevalent in the reviewed cases, and the majority of these errors were due to diagnostic flaws.
Compared with Their Childhood Baselines, Adolescents with Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Have Higher Prevalence Rate of Disordered Eating
Authors: Alsindi Aysha Mohammed , Alhamad Noor Mohamed , Alaqili Ameena Khaled , Alfaw Amina Ali , Alabassi Noof Khaled , Ghazzawi Hadeel Ali , Jahrami Haitham
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and eating disorders (ED) can coexist. The goal of the current study is to establish if the risk of EDs among participants with ADHD changes as they age.

Materials and Methods:

A longitudinal follow-up study was designed to determine variables of interest to participants during childhood and adolescence. Data were collected at baseline in 2019 (T1) and later in 2023 (T2). Data collection included demographics, anthropometrics, and risk of ED using a validated tool, which is the eating attitudes test-26 (EAT-26).

Results:

The mean age of participants was 13 years at baseline, and 13% were female. About 41% were on methylphenidate as a psychostimulant during T1, and this was reduced to 23%, P < 0.001, effect size (ES) = 0.5. The risk for ED was 29.51% at T1, with a mean EAT-26 score of 15 ± 7. The risk for ED was 36% at T2 with a mean EAT-26 score of 17 ± 6.

Conclusions:

Adolescents with ADHD had a greater prevalence rate of EDs when compared to their childhood baselines. Screening and intervention are therefore essential to reduce the risk of long-term disordered eating in this population.
Unmasking the “Great Masquerader:” Tuberculosis of the Foot
Authors: Sinha Abhinav , Aier Sashitemjen , Samant Asim , Kumar Prem , Kalra Mukesh , Jha Manisha
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

Osteoarticular tuberculosis (TB) accounts for only 1%–3% of extrapulmonary TB, of which ankle and foot involvement accounts for only 8%–10%. Foot and ankle TB has a varied clinical and radiological presentation and can mimic many conditions. The aim of this study is to throw light on the varied clinical and radiological presentations of this disease.

Materials and Methods:

We studied 20 patients with suspected osteoarticular TB of the ankle and foot region over 3 years. The patients were evaluated based on clinical presentation, radiology, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, molecular studies (cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test [CBNAAT]), biopsy, microbiological staining and culture, erythrocyte sedimentation rate ESR, and C-reactive protein levels. The patients were categorized into subgroups in accordance with their findings.

Results:

All cases had some form of pain, swelling, tenderness, or inability to bear weight. Twenty-five percent presented with single or multiple draining sinuses at or around the ankle. On X-rays, 30% had unremarkable radiographs, and osteopenia/cavitation of one or more bones was found in 30% of cases. Sequestrum formation was seen in 20% of the cases. No advanced arthritis and collapse were noted. In MRI, all cases had marrow edema of one or more bones. Twenty percent had features of tenosynovitis. CBNAAT was done for all the patients of whom eight turned positive for the pathogen.

Discussion:

The classical features of skeletal TB may elusive in cases of TB of the foot and ankle. Plain radiographs may not be sensitive in detecting early cases. In MRI studies, the calcaneum and talus were mostly affected. This may indicate toward a hypothesis that the calcaneum/talus may be the primary source of origin in osteoarticular TB of the ankle and foot region. Biopsy remains the gold standard in diagnosing TB. All patients responded well to the medical management. We can conclude with surety that TB of the foot and ankle is primarily a medical condition if prompt and early diagnosis is made.
Limb Loss: Facts and Statistics – Diabetes Mellitus and Vascular Insufficiency, a Real Harbinger of Major Limb Amputations – A Cross-sectional Study among Amputees Reporting to a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Raina Sukhil , Bhat Shriya , Raina Rohit , Bhalla Jatin , Chaudhari Ashish
Published: January 2024

Background:

Limb loss to amputation is a major problem, especially in developing countries where the majority of the cases are preventable. It is a burden, not just for the patient but also for their caregivers. Today, when amputation is necessary, surgery is undertaken with consideration for the functional aspects of the residual limb. The purpose of this study was to describe the etiology and characteristics of major limb amputees at a tertiary care center in North India.

Methods:

This prospective observational study was conducted by the Government Medical College Jammu, for 2 years. Eighty-one patients underwent major limb amputations in our hospital during the study. In this study, we studied several variables including age, sex, side of the limb, level of the amputation, and etiology.

Results:

In this study, dysvascular disease was the major reason of amputation, diabetes mellitus being the most common cause (39.5%), followed by trauma, with a male preponderance, with peaking at the age of 51–70 years. Lower limb is the most common with the predominance of transtibial amputation. Younger individuals who underwent amputation were mostly due to the trauma. The most common postoperative complication was surgical site infection (21%) and the most common organism cultured from the wound wasPseudomonas(50%). The most common additional procedure done was wound debridement. The mortality rate was 10% and the mean duration of hospital stay was 23 days.

Conclusion:

In contrast to declining rates of trauma-related and cancer-related amputations, we found evidence of a significant increase in the incidence of amputations due to diabetic foot syndrome. Overall, the risk of amputations increased with age. This was true for all etiologies and for both sexes. Males with an average age of 50 years are generally at higher risk for limb loss than women.
Talar Fractures Treated with Closed Reduction and Percutaneous Screw Fixation
Authors: Kumar Rishabh , Kumar Ashutosh , Shanker Anand , Kumar Rakesh
Published: January 2024

Background:

Talar fractures are challenging injuries due to their complex anatomy and limited blood supply. The optimal treatment strategy remains a topic of debate. This study explores the outcomes of closed reduction and percutaneous screw fixation as a treatment approach for talar fractures.

Aims and Objectives:

The primary aim of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of closed reduction combined with percutaneous screw fixation in the management of talar fractures. Secondary objectives include evaluating postoperative complications, functional outcomes, and patient satisfaction.

Materials and Methods:

This retrospective study included patients with talar fractures treated at our institution. Patient demographics, fracture classification, surgical technique details, and follow-up data were collected and analyzed. Functional outcomes were assessed using validated scoring systems such as the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score.

Results:

A total of Twelve patients with talar fractures were included in the study. Closed reduction and percutaneous screw fixation were successfully performed in all cases. Postoperative complications, such as infection or non-union, were observed in two patients. Patient satisfaction with the treatment approach was high, with ten patients reporting improved quality of life and reduced pain.

Conclusion:

Closed reduction and percutaneous screw fixation represent a viable treatment option for talar fractures, yielding favorable outcomes in terms of fracture reduction, functional recovery, and patient satisfaction. However, close monitoring for potential complications is crucial, and further prospective studies are needed to validate these findings and refine the treatment protocol for talar fractures.
Enhancement of Criminal Facial Image Using Multistage Progressive V-Net for Facial Recognition by Pixel Restoration
Authors: Beulah Benslet S. S. , Parameswari P.
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION: Criminal activity is expanding exponentially in modern society, which leads towards a great concern about security issues.  Facial recognition technology (FRT) is a powerful computer-based system that increasingly being used for recognize and match faces to solve crimes and investigations.OBJECTIVES: Due to poor image clarity and noisy pixels, the detection of criminal faces tends to be inaccurate. Hence, image enhancement techniques are required to recognize criminals with better accuracy. In the proposed model, a multistage progressive V-net based image quality enhancing technique is employed to improve accuracy.METHODS: The Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for restoring images called MPRV-Net has three stages for a difficult balance between spatial data and highly contextualized information for image restoration tasks while recovering images.RESULTS: For image restoration tasks, including denoising, deblurring, and deraining, MPRV-Net has provided considerable performance benefits on a number of datasets. The suggested network is significant as it eliminates all three types of deviations using a single architecture. The proposed model's performance is tested using performance metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and specificity, obtaining 94%, 96%, 93%, and 95%.CONCLUSION: Thus, the proposed Multistage Progressive V-Net model for effectively improves the criminal Facial image for detecting criminals in public places with greater accuracy.
Sentiment Analysis Algorithm Based on Dance Rhythmic and Melodic Features
Authors: Chen Zhe
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION: Dance is not only able to strengthen the body but also an expression of art. It can not only express the culture of a nation or a country but also express the emotions of a country. Therefore, it is essential to utilize algorithms for the study of dance rhythm and melodic characteristics in today's world, and introduces a sentiment analysis algorithm for the study.OBJECTIVES: To disseminate our traditional dance culture, carry forward the spirit of our traditional art, enhance the creative level of our dance art, improve the current dance art in our country can not better apply the algorithm, and solve the problem that our current sentiment analysis algorithm can not be combined with art disciplines.METHODS: Use the neural network and deep learning in sentiment analysis to establish a sentiment analysis algorithm adapted; then use the sentiment analysis algorithm to calculate the in-depth filtering of the dance rhythm and melodic characteristics of the research object; finally, the heat map of the dance rhythm and melodic characteristics of the SRD is calculated according to the experiment of the algorithm.RESULTS: The core influencing factors of dance rhythm and melodic features are found to be attention mechanism and LMT through heat analysis (knowledge map); the experimental results using the sentiment analysis algorithm can be found to have a significant mediating effect on the joint enhancement of dance rhythm and melodic sense.CONCLUSION: The development of dance art not only lies in communication and integration but also combination with contemporary computer technology; using sentiment analysis algorithms can better analyze the dance rhythm and melodic characteristics; therefore, the level of algorithm application in the field of dance art should be improved.
A Performance Prediction Method for Talent Team Building Based on Integrated ISA-BP Neural Networks
Authors: Shen Shusheng , Deng Yansheng
Published: January 2024

INTRODCTION: Objective, accurate and fair development of research and effective performance prediction methodology for the construction of the talent team is the current needs of the new era of innovation and reform and development of university management, as well as the need to improve the quality of scientific research and teaching level of the talent team.OBJCTIVES: To address the problems of irrational principle of indicator selection, incomplete system and imprecise methodology in the current research on performance prediction of talent team building.METHODS:This paper proposes a talent team construction performance prediction method based on intelligent optimization algorithm improving neural network with integrated learning as the framework. First of all, through the analysis of the current talent team construction performance prediction influencing factors selection principles, analyze the talent team construction performance management process, select the talent team construction performance prediction influencing factors, and construct the talent team construction performance analysis system; then, with the integrated learning as a framework, improve the neural network through the internal search optimization algorithm to construct the talent team construction performance prediction model; finally, through the simulation experiments to analyze and verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method. The effective type and superiority of the proposed method are verified.RESULTS: The results show that the proposed method satisfies the real-time requirements while improving the prediction accuracy.CONCLUSION: This paper addresses the lack of precision in forecasting the performance of the talent pipeline and the lack of a sound analytical system.
Using STAR-CCM+ Software in Aerodynamic Performance of Bogies under Crosswind Conditions
Authors: Jin Yongrong , Chen Xiaoli
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION: STAR-CCM+ is a CFD software that uses continuum mechanics numerical techniques and is a tool for thermodynamic and fluid dynamics analysis. STAR-CCM+has expanded the functions of surface treatment, such as surface wrapper, surface remesh, and volume mesh generation.With the increase of train speed, the aerodynamic phenomena become more prominent, and the aerodynamic phenomena of high-speed trains in crosswind environment become more complicated.
OBJECTIVES: Bogie is an important part of high-speed train. It is of great significance to study the aerodynamic performance Three groups of trains operating in a strong wind environment are modeled, and the surface pressure distribution characteristics of the car body and bogie, as well as the aerodynamic and aerodynamic torque distribution characteristics of each car and bogie, are analyzed when the train operates at 350km/h under a Class 12 crosswind condition.
RESULTS: The results of the study show the variation rules of surface pressure, aerodynamic force and aerodynamic moment of the car body and bogie with wind speed.
CONCLUSION: The windward surface pressure of the vehicle body increases linearly with the increase of wind speed, and the surface pressure of the roof and leeward side decreases linearly with the increase of wind speed.
Relación entre planificación de medios y creatividad en un entorno de hibridación mediática y transmedialidad
Authors: Martin-Guart Ramón , Paniagua-Iglesias Amaia , Fondevila-Gascón Joan-Francesc , Pérez-Latre Francisco Javier
Published: January 2024

Introducción: La importancia de la planificación de medios en la publicidad se confirma por su cifra de negocio, que superó en 2021 los once mil millones de euros, lo que equivale al 0,96% del PIB español. No obstante, la creatividad es el objeto de estudio que mayor admiración logra otorgándole a esta competencia la mayor parte del mérito del éxito o fracaso de las campañas publicitarias. Metodología: Se plantea la hipótesis de que la creatividad no tiene que ser una competencia que se limite a los profesionales que trabajan en los departamentos creativos y de arte de las agencias de publicidad, sino que debe postularse como una competencia transversal a diferentes perfiles y departamentos. Se reflexiona cómo, en el marco de la hibridación mediática y de la transmedialidad y las extensiones de los universos narrativos como discursos de marca necesarios, se trata la cada vez más compleja planificación de medios. Como metodología, se ha realizado un cuestionario (técnica cuantitativa) a académicos y a profesionales dedicados a tareas creativas, así como a los responsables de la planificación de medios. Resultados: Los resultados respaldan que, ante el actual panorama de medios de comunicación cada vez más complejo y digitalizado, es razonable que las funciones de planificación de medios se nutran de estas competencias creativas desde las primeras fases del proceso para alcanzar los objetivos de campaña, en un ecosistema mediático marcado por una comunicación líquida y multiplataforma. Conclusiones: Sin embargo, el sector no se encamina en esta dirección y las agencias aún arrastran procesos y estructuras en exceso conservadores en un sector donde la tecnología es clave para segmentar los públicos y ofrecerles un mensaje personalizado y en el momento adecuado.
Design and simulation of a rectangular planar printed circuit board coil for nuclear magnetic resonance, radio frequency energy harvesting, and wireless power transfer devices
Authors: Noohi Mostafa , Pourmand Adel , Badri Ghavifekr Habib , Mirvakili Ali
Published: January 2024

In this study, a planar printed circuit board (PCB) coil with FR4 substrate was designed and simulated using the finite element method, and the results were analyzed in the frequency domain. This coil can be used in wireless power transfer (WPT) as a transmitter or receiver, eliminating wires. It can also be used as the receiver in radio frequency energy‐harvesting (RF‐EH) systems by optimizing the planar PCB coil to convert radio‐wave energy into electricity, and it can be employed as an excitation (transmitter) or receiver coil in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. This PCB coil can replace the conventional coil, yielding a reduced occupied volume, a fine‐tuned design, reduced weight, and increased efficiency. Based on the calculated gain, power, and electromagnetic and electric field results, this planar PCB coil can be implemented in WPT, NMR spectroscopy, and RF‐EH devices with minor changes. In applications such as NMR spectroscopy, it can be used as a transceiver planar PCB coil. In this design, at frequencies of 915 MHz and 40 MHz with 5 mm between coils, we received powers of 287.3
W and 480 
W, respectively, which are suitable for an NMR coil or RF‐EH system.
Online anomaly detection with uncertainty estimation and concept drift adaptation using quantile regression
Authors: Tambuwal Ahmad I. , Sani Habiba M.
Published: January 2024

Deep learning algorithms played an important role in big data applications that open other opportunities to study their applicability in anomaly detection. These algorithms are used in prediction-based anomaly detection methods for detection of anomalies in time series data. Various Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) structures particularly based on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) or Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) have been reported to be used for time series anomaly detection. Despite the performance of these methods, they are affected using a fixed threshold, and the assumption of Gaussian distribution on the prediction error to identify anomalous values. In addition, these techniques do not consider uncertainty in their predictions that may lead to over-confident predictions especially when there is limited training data. This impression motivates our previous research work that proposed a new anomaly detection method called Deep Quantile Regression Anomaly Detection (DQR-AD) that used confidence interval to identify anomalies in time series. However, the speed at which the time series data arrives and the dynamic change of normal behavior in a non-stationary environment will affect the offline training of DQR-AD using historical data. To mitigate these problems, this paper proposed an online DQR-AD that will enable the adaptation of concept changes in the data. Experiments conducted indicate that online DQR-AD method has better performance than its counterpart methods with relatively 10% margin. This result demonstrates how concept drift adaptation strategies adopted in the proposed method improve the performance of anomaly detection in time series.
Isolation and identification of fungal diseases infecting carrot plants in Sokoto State of Nigeria
Authors: Sokoto Rabi'atu M. , Muhammad Sanusi , Shehu Habsatu S. , Muhammad Abubakar S.
Published: January 2024

Carrot plants are often afflicted with myriad of diseases that tend to lessen their eventual yield. With the increasing pressure to provide food for the world sever growing population there is need to curtail the adverse effect of these diseases. This study was aimed at investigating the epidemiological prevalence of some fungal diseases effecting carrot vegetables in selected areas in Sokoto state. To realize these, diseased carrots picked from the study areas were investigated to identify the pathogens affecting them. The carrot samples (leaves and roots) were collected from Moreh, Badageni and Ruggar Liman farm areas for fungal isolation and identification. The result revealed ten fungal species from six genera of Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, Mucor, Alternaria and Acremonium. Out of the fungal species isolated, Fusarium oxysporum was found to have the highest frequency of occurrence with 31.87% and Acremonium strictum had the least with (1.10%). All the farms had one pathogen or the other and are present in both the leaves and roots. Badageni farm had the highest occurrence of the isolates mostly on the leaves followed closely by Moreh farm. The findings revealed that carrots in Sokoto were susceptible to fungal attacks, and Fusarium species appeared to be the most active of all pathogens associated with the fungal diseases as such, carrots should be well washed and if possible cooked well before eating.
A Study Pack Model for Course Materials Demand Forecasting
Authors: Adoga Peter I.
Published: January 2024

No Abstract
Subsurface Qualitative Investigation for Mineral Exploration using Aeromagnetic Data
Authors: Oladejo O.P. , Akinlabi I.A. , Ogunkoya C.O.
Published: January 2024

This research investigated the subsurface qualitative investigation for mineral exploration of Ibadan Southwest Nigeria, using high  resolution aeromagnetic data. The data acquired from Nigeria Geological Survey Agency (NGSA) were subjected to different filtering  processing techniques to produce magnetic anomaly maps which were analyzed to detect the subsurface geologic features that are  indicative of the potential mineral deposits in the study area. The processing techniques applied in this study to delineate the  magnetically active regions were Total Horizontal Derivative (THD), Analytic Signal Amplitude (ASA) and Upward Continuation (UP)  method at 150 m and 250m. The results obtained show THD values ranged between 0.002 nT and 0.039 nT connoting regions between  non-magnetic body region and high magnetic anomaly regions. The ASA technique revealed susceptibility contrast region between 0.0022 and 0.1472 nT/m; these depict region of geologic body housing the mineralized zones. Thus, there is potential for mineral  exploration in the study area.
Outcome and barriers to cervical cancer screening amongst human immunodeficiency virus-positive women attending Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano State, Nigeria
Authors: Muhammad Murtala Abdullahi , Braji Amina Ibrahim , Ibrahim Usman Muhammad , Aminu Aliyu , Yusuf Mustapha Ahmed , Yaqub Yahaya , Jalo Rabiu Ibrahim , Abdullahi Hadiza Musa , Tsiga-Ahmed Fatimah Isma'il , Amole Taiwo Gboluwaga
Published: January 2024

Sub-Saharan Africa carries the overwhelming share of the global burden of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and of HIV-associated cervical cancer. Screening is an effective strategy for the prevention, early diagnosis and prompt management of cervical precancerous lesions among HIV-positive women. This study assessed the outcome and barriers to cervical cancer screening among HIV-positive women attending Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano. Using a cross sectional study design, a pro forma was used to collect data and screen 740 HIV-positive women. Screening was done using visual inspection with acetic acid and Lugol’s iodine and the data were analysed using SPSS version 24.0. The age of the patients ranged from 25 to 49 years with a mean age of 30.7 ± 2.4 years. Majority (n=698; 94.3%) were  30 years and married (n=592; 80.0%). Almost half (n=362; 48.9%) had secondary level of education and many (n=520; 70.3%) were unemployed. A few (n=42; 5.7%) had positive results on visual inspection with acetic acid and a lesser proportion (n=26; 3.5%) had positive screening results on visual inspection with Lugol’s iodine. Lack of awareness of screening services for cervical cancer was found to be a barrier to cervical cancer screening and treatment among two-thirds (n=565; 76.4%) of the patients while a substantial proportion (n=592; 80.0%) reported that their personal belief which was strengthened by their religion prevented them from accessing cervical cancer screening services. Also, two-thirds (n=493; 66.6%) agreed that their culture which considers cervical screening a taboo was a barrier to screening. There is a need for targeted and enhanced education with counselling to optimize the uptake of screening for cervical cancer among HIV-positive women in HIV treatment centers. The generated data can guide in the provision of evidence-based policy and decision-making.
Assessment of outdoor gamma exposure levels at some borehole and well sites in Dutse, Nigeria
Authors: Dankawu U.M , Ghosh D. , Naskar A.K , David G.K , Sharfaddeen M.M , Salihu A.T M , Shuwa H.M , Yakubu A , Isyaku Sabo , Olabimtan S.O , Abdulrasheed A , Zarma S.S
Published: January 2024

The lives on the earth are continuously exposed to ionizing radiation originating mainly from natural sources. Fortunately, the associated health hazard is not an acute problem globally. However, health complications are inevitable in areas assumed to have high background ionizing radiation levels. The present study aims to unveil the scenarios of outdoor gamma radiation levels at Dutse, the northwestern part of Nigeria. In this study, gamma exposure levels (GEL) across sixty-six (66) selected boreholes and local wells located in the said region have been measured using a well-calibrated hand dosimeter (Radiation Alert Inspector). Using the GEL values some significant radiation parameters were calculated to determine the possibility of radiological health risks to the local people. The measured gamma exposure level around the boreholes is seen to vary from 1.1 - 1.9 μrem/hr with a mean of 1.5 μrem/hr and around the wells it ranges between 1.1 – 1.8 μrem/hr with a mean of 1.5 μrem/hr. For boreholes, the estimated annual effective dose (AED) varies between 13.50 – 23.31 μSv/yr with a mean of 17.29 μSv/yr and for wells the same resulted 13.50 – 22.08 μSv/yr with a mean of 17.92 μSv/yr. All the obtained dose values are lower than the UNSCEAR proposed world average level of 70 μSv/yr. The estimated average ELCR values was found to be 0.061 × 10-3 and 0.064 × 10-3 for boreholes and wells respectively. All findings were below the UNSCEAR recommended world average level of (0.29 × 10-3). In summary, this work indicates a low risk of exposure to outdoor ionizing radiation among the inhabitants around the study locations.