bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Practical Application of Respiratory Muscle Training in Endurance Sports
Authors: Kowalski Tomasz , Granda Dominika , Klusiewicz Andrzej
Published: April 2024

Since traditional sport-specific training or exercise programs do not create enough stimulus to improve the function of the respiratory muscles, the rationale to introduce respiratory muscle training (RMT) emerged. RMT is associated with improved endurance performance and pulmonary function, and it reduced respiratory fatigue, perceived exertion, or breathlessness. The purpose of this article is to provide coaches with tools to select the appropriate form of RMT in the context of the athletes' needs, using appropriate methods, techniques, devices, and testing protocols. The video abstract is presented in Supplemental Digital Content as SDC 1.
A Multiscale Closed-Loop Neurotoxicity Model of Alzheimer’s Disease Progression Explains Functional Connectivity Alterations
Authors: Cabrera-Álvarez Jesús , Stefanovski Leon , Martin Leon , Susi Gianluca , Maestú Fernando , Ritter Petra
Published: April 2024

The accumulation of amyloid-β(Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated-tau (hp-tau) are two classical histopathological biomarkers in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, their detailed interactions with the electrophysiological changes at the meso- and macroscale are not yet fully understood. We developed a mechanistic multiscale model of AD progression, linking proteinopathy to its effects on neural activity and vice-versa. We integrated a heterodimer model of prion-like protein propagation and a brain network model of Jansen–Rit neural masses derived from human neuroimaging data whose parameters varied due to neurotoxicity. Results showed that changes in inhibition guided the electrophysiological alterations found in AD, and these changes were mainly attributed toAβeffects. Additionally, we found a causal disconnection between cellular hyperactivity and interregional hypersynchrony contrary to previous beliefs. Finally, we demonstrated that earlyAβand hp-tau depositions’ location determine the spatiotemporal profile of the proteinopathy. The presented model combines the molecular effects of bothAβand hp-tau together with a mechanistic protein propagation model and network effects within a closed-loop model. This holds the potential to enlighten the interplay between AD mechanisms on various scales, aiming to develop and test novel hypotheses on the contribution of different AD-related variables to the disease evolution.
Fixel-based analysis reveals tau-related white matter changes in early stages of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Ahmadi Khazar , Pereira Joana B. , Westen Danielle van , Pasternak Ofer , Zhang Fan , Nilsson Markus , Stomrud Erik , Spotorno Nicola , Hansson Oskar
Published: April 2024

Several studies have shown white matter (WM) abnormalities in Alzheimer's disease (AD) using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Nonetheless, robust characterization of WM changes has been challenging due to the methodological limitations of DTI. We applied fixel-based analyses (FBA) to examine microscopic differences in fiber density (FD) and macroscopic changes in fiber cross-section (FC) in early stages of AD (N = 393, 212 females). FBA was also compared with DTI, free-water corrected (FW)-DTI and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI). We further investigated the correlation of FBA and tensor-derived metrics with AD pathology and cognition. FBA metrics were decreased in the entire cingulum bundle, uncinate fasciculus and anterior thalamic radiations in Aβ-positive patients with mild cognitive impairment compared to control groups. Metrics derived from DKI, and FW-DTI showed similar alterations whereas WM degeneration detected by DTI was more widespread. Tau-PET uptake in medial temporal regions was only correlated with reduced FC mainly in the parahippocampal cingulum in Aβ-positive individuals. This tau-related WM alteration was also associated with impaired memory. Despite the spatially extensive between-group differences in DTI-metrics, the link between WM and tau aggregation was only revealed using FBA metrics implying high sensitivity but low specificity of DTI-based measures in identifying subtle tau-related WM degeneration. No relationship was found between amyloid load and any diffusion-MRI measures. Our results indicate that early tau-related WM alterations in AD are due to macrostructural changes specifically captured by FBA metrics. Thus, future studies assessing the effects of AD pathology in WM tracts should consider using FBA metrics.

Significance StatementDiffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been widely used to study white matter (WM) integrity in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the methodological shortcomings of DTI limit an accurate biological interpretation. We used fixel-based analysis (FBA) to assess fiber-specific WM degeneration and its correlation with the underlying pathology and cognitive symptoms in early AD. Our results revealed that elevated tau- but not Aβ-PET uptake in the medial temporal structures was correlated with atrophy of the parahippocampal portion of the cingulum bundle. The tau-related damage in this WM bundle was further linked to memory deficits. Importantly, the tau-WM correlation was not detected by tensor-derived measures. These findings suggest that FBA metrics may serve as a biomarker for early detection of tau pathology in AD.
Not Your Model Minority
Authors: Alvarez Rosanna , Berney Apryl , de Bourbon Soma , Gallardo Susana L. , Marchetti Florencia , Tajima-Peña Renee
Published: April 2024

This roundtable offers a conversational case study of how a film retrospective on Asian American documentary filmmaker, producer, and activist Renee Tajima-Peña turned into a series of community care and coalition-building events, co-curated by precariously employed faculty at San José State University, California. The curators behind Not Your Model Minority: The Art and Activism of Renee Tajima-Peña had envisioned the retrospective as a way of showcasing Tajima-Pena’s hidden legacy, particularly the way in which her archival work in documentary practice connects the struggles of Asian Americans with African Americans and Latinx communities, essentially curating solidarity among aggrieved communities. Moved by the turn of events brought by the COVID-19 pandemic and the spike in anti-Asian violence unleashed by it, the curators remade the film retrospective into a deeply needed time-space for feminist-oriented communal sharing and caring, fostering acts of intersectional intimacy and promiscuous care.
Making Trans History through the Otherness Archive and Curating Transmasculine Film
Authors: Pint Iris
Published: April 2024

This essay—part academic paper, part interview, part personal reflection—uses The Otherness Archive (OA) as a starting point to explore the possibilities and limitations in creating a transmasculine film archive. Founded by London-based trans artist Sweatmother, the OA is the first open-access online archive of transmasculine moving image. Open to institutional resources but skeptical of existing historiographic methods and archival structures, the OA aims to create a new transmasc film history, one based on mutual aid and community support—by transmasc people for transmasc people.

Sweatmother refers to the transmasculine community whose work they intend to preserve and showcase as a group of “friends.” I contend that referring to the transmasc community at large as “friends” enables a collapse of past and present, local and global, which in turn allows the OA to dream belonging otherwise—and start a conversation about gender variance across media, genre, space, and time.
Home Movie Remezcla
Authors: Hicks-Alcaraz Marísa
Published: April 2024

In the realm of digital archives, a transformative shift is currently underway, with archives emerging as crucial spaces for community building, particularly within Latin American diasporic communities in the United States. This essay reflects on the Home Movie Remezcla project, a critical digital archives initiative I currently facilitate that works collaboratively with individuals to remix their home movie footage with video-recorded “testimonios,” a Latin American oral history tradition, to create a new archival record that enacts a description process in which record creators exercise their agency and control over their narratives. This project reimagines the archive as a site for communal resistance and healing from the effects of imbalanced power dynamics, including those in the archive, by drawing on the principles of Latiné feminist relationality. Ultimately, it aims to create spaces for collectively reimagining and enacting alternative ways of doing archiving that emphasizes caring, reciprocal, and responsible archival relations.
ZMIZ1 enhances ERα-dependent expression of E2F2 in breast cancer
Authors: Zhao Weiye , Rose Susanna F , Blake Ryan , Godicelj Aňze , Cullen Amy E , Stenning Jack , Beevors Lucy , Gehrung Marcel , Kumar Sanjeev , Kishore Kamal , Sawle Ashley , Eldridge Matthew , Giorgi Federico M , Bridge Katherine S , Markowetz Florian , Holding Andrew N
Published: April 2024

The estrogen receptor-α (ER) drives 75% of breast cancers. On activation, the ER recruits and assembles a 1–2 MDa transcriptionally active complex. These complexes can modulate tumour growth, and understanding the roles of individual proteins within these complexes can help identify new therapeutic targets. Here, we present the discovery of ER and ZMIZ1 within the same multi-protein assembly by quantitative proteomics, and validated by proximity ligation assay. We characterise ZMIZ1 function by demonstrating a significant decrease in the proliferation of ER-positive cancer cell lines. To establish a role for the ER-ZMIZ1 interaction, we measured the transcriptional changes in the estrogen response post-ZMIZ1 knockdown using an RNA-seq time-course over 24 h. Gene set enrichment analysis of the ZMIZ1-knockdown data identified a specific delay in the response of estradiol-induced cell cycle genes. Integration of ENCODE data with our RNA-seq results identified that ER and ZMIZ1 both bind the promoter of E2F2. We therefore propose that ER and ZMIZ1 interact to enable the efficient estrogenic response at subset of cell cycle genes via a novel ZMIZ1–ER–E2F2 signalling axis. Finally, we show that high ZMIZ1 expression is predictive of worse patient outcome, ER and ZMIZ1 are co-expressed in breast cancer patients in TCGA and METABRIC, and the proteins are co-localised within the nuclei of tumour cell in patient biopsies. In conclusion, we establish that ZMIZ1 is a regulator of the estrogenic cell cycle response and provide evidence of the biological importance of the ER–ZMIZ1 interaction in ER-positive patient tumours, supporting potential clinical relevance.
Discapacidad sensorial en el ámbito educativo
Authors: Balcazar Sosa María Teresa de Jesús , Sánchez Trinidad Adriana del Carmen , Sánchez Trinidad Rosa del Carmen , Sánchez Cecilia
Published: April 2024

El aspecto fundamental en el presente trabajo destaca la importancia de la discapacidad sensorial, pretendiendo profundizar en el conocimiento de la discapacidad, la intervención de manera general en el desarrollo del niño con discapacidad sensorial y su inclusión en el sistema regular. Identificando las características de un sistema escolar inclusivo que se enfoque en el desarrollo de la autonomía del niño o niña con discapacidad para un correcto desenvolvimiento y mejor calidad de vida.
Acercamiento al asociacionismo en Sinaloa, México: 1875 a 1929
Authors: López Alfaro Gilberto
Published: April 2024

This work aims to demonstrate the existence of groups that gave way to the formation of civil society in the state of Sinaloa, Mexico. Through the critical-analytical method with a qualitative approach, we proceeded to review the bibliography, journalistic sources, and archives; with which it was possible to obtain the classification, division and segmentation in the fields: social, political and labor of these groups between the years of 1875 to 1939. These organizations were evidence of the transition from pre-modern society to a liberal, modern and revolutionary post in Sinaloa. The listed societies give us reference of the presence and the beginning of the political, charitable and social participation of women, as well as the creation of organizations in favor of the defense of labor rights. They also indicate the formalization of the political clubs that became the antecedents of the political parties.
Assessment of the function of the lower limb and gait of patients after knee replacement using physical therapy
Authors:   Kharkiv State Academy of Physical Culture, Svierchkova Olha , Kalmykov Sergey ,   Kharkiv State Academy of Physical Culture, Rudenko Anna ,   Sumy State Pedagogical University named after A.S. Makarenko, Pashkevych Sviatoslava ,   Kharkiv State Academy of Physical Culture, Romanchuk Oleksandr ,   Ukrainian Research Institute of Medical Rehabilitation and Resort Therapy of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine
Published: April 2024

Purpose. To study the dynamics of the function of the lower limb and gait of patients after knee replacement using physical therapy. Material & Methods. Patients were randomly distributed into groups – control (CG) and study (MG), each group – 12 people (n=24). The groups received a rehabilitation intervention according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) concept. For each person, a categorical profile was created and SMART goals were set. The developed program of physical therapy (PT) for the MG, taking into account short-term goals in a SMART format, included the use of kinesitherapy according to the author’s method, hydrokinesitherapy and physiotherapy. Lower limb function and gait were assessed before and after the intervention using the Visual Analogue Pain Scale (VAS), goniometry, Tegner-Lusholm scale and Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test. Results. VAS pain scores showed significant dynamics in both groups, but without a significant difference between the groups (p>0,05). Indicators of the amplitude of flexion in the operated knee joint approached the normative values; in patients from the MG they improved by 23,51%, and in the CG – by 10,83% (p<0,05). Improvement in indicators on the Tegner-Lusholm scale after the rehabilitation cycle occurred in both groups (p<0,05), but the results of the MG were significantly higher (p<0.05). During the repeated study, 16.66% of the CG showed an "excellent result", in the absence of such a result in the CG. Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test indicators had positive dynamics in both groups (p<0,05), but large changes were observed in the MG (р<0,05). Conclusions. analysis of the dynamics of indicators of physical functions, range of motion and gait of persons 50-64 years old after total knee replacement confirmed the advantages of the developed physical therapy program for persons in the MG.
Dostoevsky’s Lost Play “Boris Godunov” (Sources, Concept)
Authors: Viktorovich Vladimir
Published: April 2024

According to contemporaries, the play “Boris Godunov” was written by Dostoevsky before he began work on the novel “Poor People.” The manuscript of the play is lost. Some assumptions about its composition have been made in the scientific literature, but this article for the first time undertakes a systematic analysis, if possible, of all the alleged sources of the idea, as well as some of its reflections in the writer’s later works. The article examines the situation in Russian historiography and fiction related the coverage of the reign of Boris Godunov and the personality of the tsar himself prior to Dostoevsky’s undertaking of this topic. The key sources for him were the 9 volumes of Karamzin’s “History of the Russian State” and Pushkin’s “Boris Godunov,” which formed the consciousness of the future writer since the times of family readings in his parents’ house. Subsequently, Dostoevsky faced an acute dispute in literature around Karamzin and Pushkin, who declared Godunov guilty of the murder of Tsarevich Dmitry. Their position was supported in the 1830s by the authors of historical dramas V. T. Narezhny, A. S. Khomyakov, and M. E. Lobanov. The historians M. P. Pogodin, N. S. Artsybashev, and A. A. Kraevsky defended Godunov; their point of view was reflected in the dramas of the same Pogodin and G. F. Rosen. F. V. Bulgarin took an ambivalent position in both journalism and prose. Dostoevsky was undoubtedly familiar with Schiller’s printed sketches for the tragedy “Demetrius,” where the figure of Boris Godunov as psychologically complex and ambiguous. The critics of Pushkin’s Boris Godunov N. I. Nadezhdin, N. A. Polevoy, and V. G. Belinsky played a certain role in shaping Dostoevsky’s idea. In “interacting” with them, Dostoevsky obviously developed a new twist in the dramatic plot, which resolved the historians’ dead-end disputes. In his play, which absorbed the dramatic experience of Shakespeare, Racine, Schiller, as well as the historical legends around Alexander I and Napoleon, a version was proposed about Godunov’s indirect guilt in Dmitry’s death and about the hero’s unwavering moral responsibility even for indirect complicity in a crime. This motif was developed in Dostoevsky’s subsequent works, such as “Netochka Nezvanova” (Efimov), “Demons” (Stavrogin), “Brothers Karamazov” (Ivan). It can be stated with a high degree of confidence that the origin of the concept of expanding guilt and responsibility for it occurred in the very first works of the writer — the tragedies “Mary Stuart” and “Boris Godunov.” The author of the article suggests the formation of Dostoevsky’s aesthetics in the context of the development of Russian historical drama.
Assessment of dentinal hypersensitivity in fluorosed and non fluorosed subjects–a clinical study
Authors: Kour Haneet , K L Vandana
Published: April 2024

Background & objectives: Dentin Hypersensitivity(DH) is an exaggerated response to a sensory stimulus that usually causes no response in a normal, healthy tooth which hinders the ability to control dental plaque and compromises oral health. Dental fluorosis is an unfortunate side-effect of fluoride's caries-protective benefits, which brings about mineralisation changes in a dentinal structure leading to dentin hypersensitivity. Methodology: 404 healthy subjects with and without fluorosis were examined for Dentinal hypersensitivity using tactile and air sensitivity methods. The subjects rated the pain associated with Dentinal hypersensitivity on categorical Verbal rating scale (VRS). Clinical parameters including Turesky modification of Quigley-Hein plaque index (TMQH), gingival recession, labioversion and wasting diseases (attrition, abrasion, erosion,abfraction) were recorded. The tooth brushing habits used by the subjects were also considered. Results: Results showed that fluorosed subjects were suffering from DH significantly greater than non-fluorosed subjects, giving a prevalence of 22.7% and 11.1% in fluorosed and nonfluorosed subjects, respectively. (p<0.001) The severity of DH increased proportionally with increase in severity of fluorosis. Significantly increased plaque scores were observed in fluorosed teeth. (p<0.05) Gingival recession, labioversion as well as wasting diseases were significantly associated with DH. (p<0.05) Females had significant esthetic concern, psychological impact of dental fluorosis and had a better attitude and desire to seek dental treatment compared to males. Overall, there was limited knowledge about the etiology and prevention of dental fluorosis in the study subjects. Interpretation and conclusion: There is a greater prevalence of dentinal hypersensitivity in subjects with dental fluorosis which could be due to fluoride induced enamel and dentinal structural changes leading to rough surface morphology and greater plaque accumulation. There is a need to educate the population regarding the dental effects of fluoride and its management.
ELECTRON-BEAM GUN FOR MANUAL ELECTRON-BEAM WELDING IN LUNAR SURFACE CONDITIONS
Authors:   E. O. Paton Electric Welding Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lobanov L. M. , Piskun N. V. ,   E. O. Paton Electric Welding Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ternovyi Ye. G. ,   E. O. Paton Electric Welding Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Hlushak S. O. ,   E. O. Paton Electric Welding Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kriukov V. А. ,   E. O. Paton Electric Welding Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkivska Т. М. ,   E. O. Paton Electric Welding Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Statkevich I. I. ,   E. O. Paton Electric Welding Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Shulym V. F. ,   E. O. Paton Electric Welding Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Zakorko V. O. ,   E. O. Paton Electric Welding Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: April 2024

In recent years, increasing attention in space topics has been paid to the exploration of the Moon. Not the least attention is paid to solving problems related to providing the necessary living conditions for astronauts, with the construction and assembly of a large number of technical devices and structures on site. The operation and development of orbital complexes, as well as the promising tasks of creating structures on the lunar and Martian surfaces, involve the introduction of technologies for the installation and repair of space objects. When working in open space, there are a large number of operations (first of all, repair and restoration or fixation of fragments of large-sized structures), for which it is difficult and impossible to prepare in advance. In addition, there is a possibility of emergencies that require urgent cutting, welding, or soldering technological operations, in which the process and volume of the operation will be determined by the cosmonaut directly on the spot, where he will be able to assess the volume and method of performing the necessary work. Therefore, the creation of modern electron-beam equipment for manual welding, which will contribute to the extension of the life of space objects and sometimes to the preservation of the lives of crews, is necessary. This equipment must be compact and efficiently perform operations on electron beam welding and related technologies under lunar surface conditions. The results of manual electron beam welding experiments carried out in open space indicate that the equipment, which was created earlier, makes it possible to weld stainless steels, titanium and aluminum alloys up to 1.5 mm thick. At the same time, the thickness of the material used in the manufacture of shells of manned space vehicles reaches 4...6 mm, and the length of welding seams can reach several meters. The purpose of this work is to create a new generation of equipment that will solve the problem of welding materials from 4 to 6 mm, which are mainly used in modern aerospace technology.
Molecular mechanisms of calcium inducing salt tolerance in rice: Ameliorative interaction between CBL4 and P5CR proteins
Authors: Singh Banhishikha , Chatterjee Anuvab , Chatterjee Rajeshwari , Chatterjee Mou , Banerjee Soma
Published: April 2024

The rice plant is sensitive to soil salinity. Calcium (Ca) acts as an ameliorative agent that helps plants induce salt tolerance. This study was carried out with a comparison of the ameliorative effect of calcium on salt-stressed rice seedlings, the determination of the role of salt-responsive protein groups, and the analysis of their genetic expressions in 21-day-old rice seedlings of ten locally cultivable varieties of West Bengal. For this study, 15-day-old seedlings were treated with 200 mM of sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions along with 10 mM of calcium sulfate (CaSO4) treatment. The determination of the relationship between the salt-responsive proteins and the analysis of the gene expression of those corresponding proteins were not carried out earlier on the selected ten locally cultivable rice varieties of West Bengal. The NaCl crystals were visible on the abaxial leaf surface of salt-stressed rice seedlings. The superoxide dismutase activity was increased in rice varieties, and a similar result was also expressed with calcium treatment. The fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-attenuated total reflection spectral result gave strong evidence for the presence of several salt-tolerant proteins and their genetic expression. STRING database results have suggested that the calcium treatment, coupled with the expression of the CBL4 protein, has regulated the P5CR protein of proline biosynthesis for better salt tolerance and osmotic protection. The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis analysis showed that salt-tolerant varieties, Chinsurah_nona_1, and Jarava had high calcium signaling mechanisms and osmo-protection abilities.
Vékonyított perforátor comblebeny alkalmazása szabad szövetpótlásra a fej-nyaksebészetben
Authors: Füzes Attila , Szanyi Szilárd , Huszák Márk , Sahin-Tóth Tibor , Szanyi Marcell , Csizmazia Dániel , Révész Mónika , Hong Joon Pio , Oberna Ferenc
Published: April 2024

Előrehaladott szájüregi daganatok eltávolítása után kialakult kiterjedt szövethiányok helyreállítására funkciómegtartó céllal a leggyakrabban alkalmazott eljárás a mikrovaszkuláris technikával végzett szabad szövetátültetés. Hazánkban a felületes szájüregi hiányok helyreállítására a leggyakrabban választott szabadlebeny a radiális alkarlebeny. Elsősorban vastagabb vagy nagyobb kiterjedésű hiányokra alkalmazzuk az anterolateralis comblebenyt. Az alkarlebeny esetén azonban a donorterületi szövődményráta jóval magasabb. Vékonyított anterolateralis comblebeny a hátrányokat kiiktatva alkalmas lehet az alkarlebeny intraoralis alkalmazása helyett.

A korábban nyelvtumor miatt operált, alkarlebennyel rekonstruált és besugarazott 69 éves nőbetegnél a korábbi műtéti terület szélén a követéses kontrollvizsgálat során recidív tumort verifikáltunk. Az Onkoterápiás Bizottság döntését követően a recidíva eltávolítását, tangencionális mandibula reszekciót és szabad lebenyes helyreállítást terveztünk tracheotomiás védelemben. Előzetes kézi dopplerrel és duplex ultrahanggal történő perforátor meghatározás után, a jobb combon a perforátorra centrálva 6 × 8 cm-es superficialis fascia rétegében vékonyított anterolateralis comblebenyt preparáltunk. A lebeny vastagsága 6–8 mm, az érnyél hossza 12 cm volt, mely az intraoralis hiányra ideális volt. A nyakon elkészített mikrosebészeti anasztomózis után a donorterületet primeren zártuk.

A lebeny keringése mindvégig kielégítő volt. A tracheotomiát a posztoperatív 11. napon megszüntettük, perorális táplálkozása a posztoperatív 14. napon helyreállt.

Az anterolateralis comblebeny sokrétűsége az anatómiájában rejlik. A korábban csak nagyobb és vastagabb hiányokra használt anterolateralis comblebeny jó adaptálhatósága és megfelelő mérete miatt felületesebb hiányokra is alkalmas. A korábban alkarlebennyel helyreállított hiányok pótlására a hasonló tulajdonságokkal rendelkező vékonyított anterolateralis comblebeny is alkalmazható azzal a jelentős előnyével együtt, hogy a donorhely morbiditása minimális az alkarlebennyel szemben.
A felnőttkori invaginatiók sebészeti vonatkozásai
Authors: Bor László , Telek Géza , Kesserű Balázs , Fülöp Fanni , Juhász Renáta , Sági Viktória , Ender Ferenc
Published: April 2024

A felnőttkori invaginatiók ritkák, klinikai megjelenésük eltér a gyerekkori formáktól. Klinikumuk igen változatos, gyakran atípusos, jellemző, hogy egy klinikai sejtés nyomán gondolni kell az invaginatio lehetőségére. A kiegészítő vizsgálatok közül kiemelkedő szerep jut a computer tomográfiának (CT), ami magas érzékenységgel és fajlagossággal képes kimutatni a béltraktus invaginatióját. Gyógyításuk az esetek legnagyobb részében sebészi, sokszor csak a műtét során lehetséges felismerni a kiváltó okot. Esetismertetésünkben egy rendkívül ritka, felnőttkori, passage-zavart okozó colo-colicus, a bal colonfelet érintő, a colon-flexura lienalis-descendens határra lokalizált invaginatio klinikai jellemzőit, diagnosztikáját és definitív megoldásaként a laparoscoposan asszisztált bal oldali haemicolectomia műtéti megoldását mutatjuk be. Munkánkban összefoglaljuk a felnőttkori invaginatiókra vonatkozó kórélettani fogalmakat, diagnosztikai lehetőségeket, a leggyakoribb kiváltó tényezőket és terápiás lehetőségeket.
‘Make that two Toddies!’
Authors: Sayers William
Published: April 2024

The author examines the use of the same term, toddy, to refer to two different combinations for palm-wine and whisky-&-water, concluding that the two toddies cannot have failed to influence each other to some extent and there may have been some overlapping in the social milieus where each was traditionally served. This raises the question of how to deal with words that may have had distinct origins but have subsequently fallen together in form and thus in the public mind and mouth: one dictionary entry or two? At a minimum it seems that separate etymologies should be provided – where known.
Iterative Train Scheduling under Disruption with Maximum Satisfiability
Authors: Lemos Alexandre , Gouveia Filipe , Monteiro Pedro T. , Lynce Inês
Published: April 2024

This paper proposes an iterative Maximum Satisfiability (MaxSAT) approach designed to solve train scheduling optimization problems. The generation of railway timetables is known to be intractable for a single track. We consider hundreds of trains on interconnected multi-track railway networks with complex connections between trains. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm is incremental to reduce the impact of time discretization.
The performance of our approach is evaluated with the real-world Swiss Federal Railway (SBB) Crowd Sourcing Challenge benchmark and Periodic Event Scheduling Problems benchmark (PESPLib). The execution time of the proposed approach is shown to be, on average, twice as fast as the best existing solution for the SBB instances. In addition, we achieve a significant improvement over SAT-based solutions for solving the PESPLib instances.
We also analyzed real schedule data from Switzerland and the Netherlands to create a disruption generator based on probability distributions. The novel incremental algorithm allows solving the train scheduling problem under disruptions with better performance than traditional algorithms.
Estudiantes con discapacidad múltiple. Situación y propuestas educativas
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Gallegos Navas Miriam , Paredes Floril Priscilla ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: April 2024

A través de una exhaustiva investigación y análisis se han identificado las barreras que obstaculizan el acceso a una educación inclusiva y de calidad en Ecuador. Además, se destacan las experiencias exitosas y las mejores prácticas que pueden ser modelo e inspiración para promover la inclusión y el desarrollo integral de las personas con discapacidad múltiple en el sistema educativo ecuatoriano. Estas páginas son el resultado del trabajo del grupo de investigación de educación inclusiva GEI y la Cátedra Unesco de Teologías de apoyo a la inclusión de la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana con el apoyo de los y las estudiantes de la Maestría en Educación Especial, mención educación de las personas con discapacidad múltiple. Esperamos que sea un punto de partida para futuras investigaciones y políticas educativas que promueven una sociedad más inclusiva y equitativa.
Abriendo caminos, Pewecxanxi: Reconocer el territorio para aprender en la naturaleza como parte de la educación propia
Authors: Ramos-García Catherine , Chantre Velasco Lenny
Published: April 2024

Cada actividad o proyecto que se emprenda para el pueblo nasa, requiere abrir camino, Pewecxanxi. Se abre camino espiritualmente con plantas de energías dulces. Aquí, buscamos abrir camino para los y las jóvenes de las Instituciones Educativas de los territorios ancestrales de Inzá, Tierradentro. A través de mapas parlantes, como los que realizaron las comunidades del Cauca junto a Luis Guillermo Vasco en las décadas de los años 70 y 80, queremos que jóvenes reconozcan el territorio y se reconozcan en él, para pensar sus proyectos de vida y que vean en su entorno, tierra fértil para sembrar sus sueños. Trabajamos también con docentes, dinamizadores y dinamizadoras de estas instituciones, para contextualizar su quehacer, reconociendo las problemáticas del territorio y lo que los estudiantes requieren para aportar en la solución de estos problemas y así fortalecer los Planes Educativos Comunitarios y los planes de vida. A través de esta apertura de caminos, se revitalizan pedagogías de la educación propia, en las cuales se aprende en la naturaleza, fortaleciendo dones, habilidades artísticas, culturales y construyendo proyectos de vida colectivamente junto con los demás seres que habitan el territorio: la quebrada, el cerro, el ave, el puma, el bosque, el café, el maíz, la coca, el fríjol. Sistematizamos toda la experiencia para reflexionar y consolidar aprendizajes.
Тайная жизнь деревьев. Что они чувствуют, как они общаются — открытие сокровенного мира
Authors: Вольлебен Петер
Published: April 2024

Лес — привычное и обыденное чудо. Поставщик древесины и кислорода, местообитание множества живых организмов, родина сказок и легенд, он кажется таким знакомым и понятным. Однако много ли нам известно о самих деревьях, об их чувствах и взаимоотношениях? Как они общаются между собой и можно ли освоить их язык? Чем отличаются городские деревья от своих лесных родственников? Существует ли связь между деревьями разных поколений? На все эти вопросы просто и доступно отвечает лесник из Западной Германии Петер Вольлебен — специалист с многолетним стажем и автор множества популярных книг о природе. Книга адресована биологам, экологам и всем тем, кто любит природу.
Global viralepidemias! - truce is the future of global public health?
Authors: K Suresh
Published: April 2024

Background: In premodern times, human diseases like Tuberculosis, Polio, Smallpox, and Diphtheria circulated widely, and caused substantial morbidity and mortality. The advent of antibiotics and vaccines in the past two decades, aided by medical advances, improved access to health care and improved sanitation have reduced the overall mortality and morbidity linked to infectious diseases, particularly of bacterial origins like lower respiratory tract infections and diarrhoeal diseases. Since 2020 entire world has been concerned with viral infections, with at least three out of- SARS-Cov-2, Dengue, Influenza, RSV, Hepatitis B, and Japanese encephalitis bothering every country. While in High-income countries three infectious diseases COVID-19, Influenza, and Dengue of viral origin are challenging public health in low and lower-middle-income countries in addition to three, Tuberculosis, enteric fevers, and other neglected tropical diseases add to public health challenges. Materials and methods: Available data on the internet from various sources from key countries, clinical manifestations, and complications, the management practices and epidemiology, and learnings of many preventive strategies and control efforts. The data sources used are WHO disease-wise releases from headquarters and Regional Offices, COVID 19 Wordometer, CDC Atlanta reports for US outbreaks, Europe the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Reports (CDTR bulletin), NHM India, NCDC India, The National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China notification to WHO, for search keywords used were burden, outbreaks total cases, deaths, Incidence, Prevalence, etc. by each disease Results: The war against microbes started with the discovery of the antibiotic Penicillin in 1928, but their overuse has made many of them resistant to antibiotics. Since the beginning of the 20th century, Vaccines and antivirals have drastically reduced the number of cases of viral diseases such as polio, measles, chickenpox, the flu, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, Human Papillomavirus (HPV), and others. The treatment of viral infections has proved more challenging than that of bacterial infections, primarily because viruses are relatively tiny, reproduce inside cells, and do not succumb to antibiotics. However, antiviral medications have become available for herpes simplex virus, HIV/AIDS, and influenza, their indiscriminate may lead to the development of drug-resistant viruses. Conclusion: The swift development of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine speaks to the efficacy of modern science in rapidly countering threats from emerging pathogens. In such situations, People must learn and use as many preventive strategies as possible. This article is a review of Viral diseases currently bothering all countries and reflecting the challenges of the decade to come.
CITE-Seq PBMCs with demultiplexing v1
Authors: V Brown Daniel
Published: April 2024

Total-Seq labelling with demultiplexing This protocol reflects a common experimental design where PBMC samples from multiple human donors are pooled together for Total-Seq (CITE-Seq) labelling. Often multiple samples from the same donor are to be profiled. An example is timepoint or treatment. Therefore we utilise 2 levels of multiplexing The distinct donors may be pooled and later demultiplexed using SNP genotypes. This cannot discriminate genetically identical samples. Hashtag antibodies are used to multiplex to the timepoint or treatment The hashtag labelling must be done separately. We setup a distinct antibody staining pool for each timepoint or treatment. When other extracellular markers are to be profiled with Total-Seq we make prepare these antibodies in a pool and then split the pool into aliquots, adding a different hashtag to the antibody subpools.
BAF_Protocol_007a Chloroform/Methanol Precipitation v1
Authors: Sherman Nicholas
Published: April 2024

This protocol extends BAF_Protocol_007 as an alternative to acetone precipitation (normal method). The chloroform/methanol precipitation is a better method if the sample is high in lipid or other hydrophobic small molecules. This method also produces a protein pellet and not the normal liquid interface and as such is easier.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Ekstrak Jahe Merah (Zingiber officinale Var. Rubrum) terhadap Mutu Sirup Air Kelapa
Authors: Tetelepta Gilian
Published: April 2024

Tujuan penelitian yaitu menentukan konsentrasi ekstrak jahe yang tepat untuk menghasilkan sirup air kelapa dengan mutu terbaik. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktor tunggal yang terdiri dari 4 taraf perlakuan konsentrasi ekstrak jahe merah (20%, 25%, 30%, 35%). Variabel yang diamati pada penelitian ini meliputi uji pH dan total padatan terlarut serta uji organoleptik meliputi warna, rasa, aroma dan overall. Sirup air kelapa dengan perlakuan konsentrasi ekstrak jahe merah 20% menghasilkan nilai pH 6,13, TPT 54,01 oBrix dan berdasarkan hedonik menunjukkan warna 2,7 (suka), rasa 2,9 (suka), aroma 2,3 (agak suka), overall 2,7 (suka) sedangkan berdasarkan mutu hedonik menghasilkan warna 2,4 (agak coklat), rasa 2,7 (berasa jahe merah) dan aroma 2,7 (beraroma jahe merah).
Influence of the composition of sunflower meal on the efficiency of separating the protein part of the raw material from fiber by mechanical fractionation
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute of Fats, Krylova Irina V. , Fedorov Alexander V. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Fats, Domoroshchenkova Maria L. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Fats, Demianenko Tatiana F. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Fats, Shaginova Liliia O. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Fats
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this article is to study the effectiveness of mechanical fractionation of sunflower meal. The objects of the study were two samples of sunflower meal of Russian production, by various manufacturers, and with different content of raw protein. Mechanical fractionation included the stages of grinding raw materials and its sifting using a set of sieves. The effectiveness of mechanical fractionation is determined by the mass yields of the fractions and the content of raw protein in the fractions as well as the ratio of the content of raw protein to the content of raw fiber. Based on this definition of effectiveness, the mass yields and the physicochemical composition of the obtained fractions were determined for each of the samples. The quality parameters of the fractions were selected by the content of raw protein and the content of raw fiber. Despite the different content of raw protein in the raw materials (35% in the first sample and 39% in the second sample), the content of raw protein in the high-protein fraction of both samples was similar and amounted to 42% and 43%, respectively. The fiber content in high-protein fractions of the two samples also differed slightly and amounted to 14% in the first sample and 12% in the second sample. At the same time, a noticeable difference in the mass yields of the fractions in two samples was discovered. The output of the high-protein fraction in the first sample (71%) significantly exceeded the output of the high-protein fraction in the second sample (27%). Thus, mechanical fractionation of the first sample was more effective due to the greater yield of the high-protein fraction.
“He saw the special mission of Russian people”. Why did Vladinir Solovév believe that Russia would unite all the mankind?
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Mezhuev B.V.
Published: April 2024

The conversation of the correspondent of “Lenta.ru” within the framework of the History of Russian Thought project, with Boris Mezhuyev, Associate Professor of the Department of History of Russian Philosophy at the Faculty of Philosophy of Lomonosov Moscow State University, devoted to the modern significance of V. Solovyov's philosophy of unity, his social mission, as well as about the complex aspects of his religious worldview, which have recently caused acute controversy. It is reported that V. Solovyov managed to create a philosophical system that meets the deep features of the national consciousness, that he tried to give Christianity a kind of social mission and, on the other hand, point out that the main problems of humanity will not be solved if it rejects the Gospels and leaves the church. The conversation emphasizes that Vladimir Solovyov remained the number one thinker in Russia for his contemporaries throughout almost his entire life. And he strengthened his status as a prophet by predicting the coming unification of Europe, the power of China and even the confrontation of Western countries with the Islamic world. It is argued that the philosopher saw the future of humanity in the unification of all Christians, which would end the wars that were inevitable until then. And Russia and the Russian people, with their idea of self-denial and striving for integrity, had to play a key role in this unification. The conversation also tells how Solovyov explained the contradictions of the West and the East and how he saw the future of the Russian people.
VIOLATION OF NORMS OF JUDICIAL ETHICS AS A BASIS FOR DISCIPLINARY RESPONSIBILITY OF A JUDGE
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kondratova І. D.
Published: April 2024

Judicial ethics, which permeates the professional status of a judge, is reflected in absolutely all its elements and interacts with them. The institution of disciplinary responsibility of a judge, which plays an extremely important role for judicial ethics, is no exception. The purpose of the article is to research the norms of judicial ethics in their interrelationship with the disciplinary responsibility of the judge that occurs in case of their violation. Based on the analysis of the norms of the current legislation, decisions of the European Court of Human Rights and disciplinary practice of the High Council of Justice, a number of conclusions were drawn that determine the specifics of bringing a judge to justice for violating ethical norms. Among them are the following: 1) the objectively determined general nature of the norms and wording, the lack of clarity in the description of the judge’s behavior, which can become the basis for initiating disciplinary proceedings, which requires further assessment by law enforcement authorities; 2) a large degree of subjectivism on the part of disciplinary authorities in assessing the circumstances of the case (actions and consequences) in the context of interpreting the provisions of the legislation; 3) the objective side of disciplinary misconduct, which consists in the judge’s admission of behavior that does not correspond to or violates the norms of judicial ethics, as a result of which the authority of justice and the reputation of the high rank of a judge are harmed. By themselves, violations of ethical norms cannot be considered as a basis for the judge’s responsibility. At the same time, the unethical behavior of a judge, which caused reputational losses to the status of a judge and the judiciary, can be qualified as a significant disciplinary offense, gross neglect of duties, which is incompatible with the status of a judge; 4) the special and decisive importance of law enforcement practice, which must «establish a consistent and restrictive interpretation» of all evaluative concepts and categories used in the general formulations of the grounds for a judge’s responsibility; 5) a limited scale of disciplinary sanctions that can be applied to a judge for committing unethical behavior, and the justified application of the most severe form of punishment – dismissal of a judge from office; 6)»accompanying» nature of responsibility for violation of ethical norms, if this occurred during the administration of justice, since in this case it is usually combined with responsibility for violation of procedural legislation. But its character is «independent» if the judge’s unethical behavior was not committed in connection with his authority to administer justice.