bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SPINOUS PROCESS SPLITTING IN LUMBAR INTRADURAL SCHWANNOMA WITH INTRA-OSSEOUS EXTENSION - A RARE CASE REPORT
Authors: Shetty Kumar , Awachat Amit , Gupte Vikas , prabhu Shrinivas
Published: January 2024

Spinal schwannomas are most common benign nerve sheath tumours
within spinal canal and typically arising from spinal nerve roots.
cervical spinal cord is most common site of origin followed by thoracic
and lumbosacral spinal cord . They are more common in adults and
mostly intradural and extramedullary massses. Lumbar intradural
schwannomas usually present with neurological decits including
radicular symptoms associated with sensory disturbance and weakness
in lower extremities and in some cases with bladder dysfunction. MRI
is best diagnostic modality for schwannomas.
INVESTIGATIONS THAT PREDICT THE OCCURRENCE OF OSTEOMYELITIS AND PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE IN GRADE 3 AND GRADE 4 DIABETIC FOOT ULCERS
Authors: K Lakshman Chitra , Antony Ajil , Shyamkumar Shwetha
Published: January 2024

Background: The global prevalence of diabetes and its complications has surged, escalating from 2.8% in 2000 to 4.4%
in 2030. Despite medical advances, diabetic foot problems persist as a critical chronic complication, with a 15-25%
lifetime risk of foot lesions and an annual incidence of 1 to 4.1%. Osteomyelitis and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) signicantly contribute to
morbidity, affecting 15% of those with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). Diabetes-related vascular issues exacerbate these complications. Objectives:
1. Predict osteomyelitis and PAD occurrence in grade 3 and grade 4 DFUs. This Methodology: cross-sectional study (2022-2023,Government
Medical College, Kozhikode) involves 90 diabetic foot ulcer patients in grades 3 and 4. PCT, ESR, and CRP levels are measured. Follow-up after
3 weeks assesses osteomyelitis and PAD. Predictive cut-off values for Results: osteomyelitis are identied: PCT (0.85ng/ml, 100% sensitivity,
92% specicity), CRP (37 mg/ml, 84.6% sensitivity, 83.1% specicity), and ESR (18.5mm/hours, 69.2% sensitivity, 83.1% specicity). For
PAD, cut-off values are PCT (0.35ng/ml, 51% sensitivity, 46% specicity), CRP (29 mg/ml, 56% sensitivity, 57% specicity), and ESR (14.5
mm/hr, 49% sensitivity, 55% specicity). Elevations in PCT, CRP, and ESR relia Conclusions: bly predict osteomyelitis. Early initiation of
comprehensive medical and surgical management during hospitalization is crucial for improved patient outcomes with diabetic foot ulcers.
Effects of Cluster Farming and Crop Technology Dissemination on the Livelihoods of Farmers: The Case Chobi District West Shewa Zone of Oromia, Ethiopia
Authors: Getahun Addisu , Assefa Chernet , Dereje Getahun
Published: January 2024

Enhancing productivity among smallholder farmers is widely perceived as a key strategy that is achieved through promoting an agricultural cluster farming approach. The adoption of improved agricultural production technologies is central to increasing production and productivity. This study was conducted in the Chobi district of the West Shewa zone with the objectives of this study to introduce improved crop technologies and to enhance crop productivity. In the Chobi district, six types of crop technologies were promoted in the 2019/20 production season. The district is a previously unaddressed area in improved crop production technology and a total of 234 farmers (197 male and 37 female) benefited with a total of 68.97 quintals disseminated improved seed. In the information-sharing field days held a total of 499 stakeholders participated. From the 13 improved varieties that cover 164.3 hectares of land, a total output of 3753 quintals of grain was harvested. The yield effect of different crop varieties in the Chobi district scores higher yield in barley 32 Qt/ha and maize 80 Qt/ha than the national and regional average. The yield from linseed is 11 Qt/ha higher than the national average and the productivity of potato 120 Qt/ha is higher than the regional mean yield. Therefore, the study recommends a cluster farming with a full crop production package is crucial to enhance the income gains of smallholder farmers and the concerned stakeholders have to engage in the dissemination of climate-smart and resilient crop production technologies and extension services.
Review on Agricultural Input Use and Policy in Ethiopia
Authors: Yenewa Workineh
Published: January 2024

Ethiopian policymakers have made a series of policies and investments to boost agricultural production and productivity, especially staple food crops that have helped reduce poverty in the country. The goal of this process is to increase the availability of seeds, fertilizers, improved land use practices and input subsidy options to farmers. Although some evidence suggests that this process has helped improve agricultural yields and output, policymakers recognize that further improvements are needed. This article examines lessons learned from Ethiopia's previous experience in providing smallholder farmers with access to seeds, fertilizers, land use practices, and input subsidy options, identifies the challenges faced and the country's ongoing efforts to strengthen input systems and markets, and proposes policy solutions for the future.
Traditional Bulletin Board: Benefits and Drawbacks
Authors: Ahmad Muhammad Baballe , Musa Umar Farouk , Dahiru Muntaka , Ohiani Yakubu Abdulkareem
Published: January 2024

In institutions and organizations where posting, moving, and removing notices requires human work, manual notice boards are a typical sight. In our daily lives, communication is crucial. One method of communication is to post information and announcements. Generally, when someone wants everyone to know essential information in a corporate setting, a recreational setting, a school setting, or the community at large, they use notes and display them in various locations. Announcements, ads, and critical information have traditionally been sent on fixed sheets that are adhered to a backing. This requires a lot of time, energy, and fatigue. Furthermore, because some staff members assume that no new information is uploaded, vital information is frequently overlooked. With this, it turns into one of the main issues that Lemery Senior High School's staff, parents, instructors, and students deal with. Paper is used for presentation on traditional bulletin boards, and because sustainability is being promoted, it is obvious that using paper that is only meant to be used once is extremely wasteful. LED bulletin boards are not only more practical and efficient than traditional ones, but they are also better for the environment.
Evaluation Research: A Comparative Analysis of Qualitative and Quantitative Research Methods
Authors: Ghafar Zanyar Nathir
Published: January 2024

Researchers often use a mixture of qualitative and quantitative approaches drawn from various fields. It is possible to record or quantify quantitative data. Qualitative data are descriptive, linguistically related, and rely on interpretation. Quantitative data provides information such as how many, how much, or how often something occurs. On the other hand, qualitative data could assist us in comprehending the processes, causes, and occurrences of activities. Each approach has many advantages as well as some disadvantages. This research aims to evaluate the various language testing and assessment approaches and compare and contrast their benefits and drawbacks. These advantages included the opportunity to learn more about the development, administration, and interpretation of assessments and tests and the capability to research test-takers behavior, perceptions, attitudes, and understanding. The study's findings showed that the amount of time required gathering data using quantitative research techniques is much less than the amount of time required collecting data using qualitative research methods. Quantitative research methods, on the other hand, have several drawbacks, such as the difficulty of explicating what a researcher means when using a specific word and the fact that these methods can only provide an overarching comprehension of the topic being studied. Keywords: Benefits, drawbacks, testing, evaluation, qualitative, quantitative.
A Critical Evaluation of Grade Twelve Textbook, English for Ethiopia (2023)
Authors: Tewachew Abebe
Published: January 2024

In educational arena, teachers shouldn’t be considered as the end uses of the curriculum; they have to take part in setting of educational policies, programs, and in the syllabus developments. In Ethiopia, the involvement of experts, teachers were ignored in such activates. Teaching materials, textbooks were prepared by top managers; those materials should be critically reviewed. Therefore, the researcher tried to evaluate the textbook of grade twelve, unite nine: English for Ethiopia. The evaluation criteria revealed that aims and objectives of the unit, design and organization of the unit, language content of the unit, topics of the unit, methodology used in the unit, social and cultural context in the unit, exercises and activities in the unit were seemed good; however, the activities portrayed in the unit didn’t go in line with language skills. Even the methodologies to be used in the unit didn’t invite teachers to employ appropriate teaching aids. Furthermore, the instructions in the unit were not telling students to comprehend better. Accordingly, the involvement of teachers in educational policies ratification, designing curriculum, and syllabus development should be up turned so as to bring quality education.
Segurança do Vedolizumabe no tratamento da Retocolite Ulcerativa: Uma revisão de literatura.
Authors: Jaeger Karine Nava , Branco Maria Eduarda Mintzfels , Moura Ileana Simone de Oliveira , Viera Lorenzo Gabriel de Azevedo , Cardoso Jhoni Michael de Oliveira , Santos Caroline Bezerra Trajano dos , Araújo Carlos Galvão Branco , Silva Gabriela Priscila de Lima , Jaeger Cássia Nava , Moura Viviane Kelly de Souza , Santos Ágape Meira , Sales João Marcos Barcelos , Rabelo Flávia Larisse
Published: January 2024

A colite ulcerativa pertence ao grupo de doenças inflamatórias intestinais, que representam patologias influenciadas por fatores genéticos e ambientais, resultando em um desequilíbrio imunológico seguido de lesões teciduais. Essas provocações ambientais desencadeiam processos inflamatórios restritos à camada mucosa do cólon, em especial no reto, podendo avançar para outras regiões. As principais intervenções terapêuticas são o manejo cirúrgico e o uso de medicamentos, como o  Vedolizumabe. Este artigo tem por objetivo realizar uma varredura da literatura médica vigente sobre o tratamento da Retocolite Ulcerativa utilizando o Vedolizumabe.  Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, utilizando as bases de dados Pubmed e Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), por meio do cruzamento dos descritores  “vedolizumab”, “therapeutic” e “ulcerative colitis”, com operador booleano “AND”. As buscas resultam em 509 artigos, sendo selecionados os que coincidem com a temática em foco e excluídos o restante pela menor abrangência e fuga do tema. Dentre os critérios de inclusão, foram inseridos artigos em português, inglês e espanhol, em especial dos últimos 5 anos, resultando em 6 artigos. O fármaco Vedolizumabe possui propriedades imunossupressoras específicas ao intestino, demonstrando indicação para o tratamento da colite ulcerativa moderada a grave. Esse medicamento, apresenta ação através da sua ligação à integrina α4β7 expressa em linfócitos T intestinais, inibindo o processo inflamatório e diminuindo a sintomatologia do paciente.  Assim, medidas terapêuticas por meio desse fármaco, destinada a pacientes com retocolite ulcerativa, mostra-se segura e eficaz.
Desenvolvimento de Novas Terapias para o Tratamento do Glaucoma: uma Análise Integrativa
Authors: Nascimento Arçari Cibely , Nascimento Arçari Jordana
Published: January 2024

Este estudo examina estratégias promissoras no desenvolvimento de novas terapias para o tratamento do glaucoma, adotando uma perspectiva integrativa e inovadora. Inicialmente, são destacados os avanços nas terapias farmacológicas, enfocando potenciais agentes neuroprotetores e moduladores específicos que demonstraram eficácia na preservação da função ocular e redução da progressão da doença.

Além das abordagens farmacológicas, a análise se estende para considerar intervenções que exploram os mecanismos subjacentes ao glaucoma. A identificação de alvos moleculares e vias biológicas emergentes destaca a importância de compreender a fisiopatologia da doença para o desenvolvimento de terapias mais direcionadas.

Outro ponto de destaque aborda terapias complementares, como a otimização de estratégias de entrega de medicamentos para melhorar a eficácia e a redução de efeitos adversos. A análise inclui discussões sobre sistemas de liberação prolongada, formulações inovadoras e abordagens cirúrgicas minimamente invasivas, representando avanços significativos na busca por tratamentos mais eficazes e toleráveis.

Paralelamente, são consideradas terapias que visam não apenas a redução da pressão intraocular, mas também a preservação e regeneração do tecido ocular danificado. Isso envolve a exploração de abordagens regenerativas, como terapias celulares e fatores de crescimento, destacando sua promissora contribuição para a restauração da saúde ocular.

Além das inovações terapêuticas, este trabalho sublinha a necessidade de uma compreensão abrangente do glaucoma, incluindo fatores genéticos, metabólicos e ambientais que influenciam a resposta individual às terapias propostas. A ênfase na personalização das intervenções destaca a complexidade da doença e a importância de considerar as características individuais dos pacientes.

Ao final, destaca-se a importância de uma abordagem multidisciplinar, integrando diferentes modalidades terapêuticas para otimizar os resultados no tratamento do glaucoma. A combinação de abordagens farmacológicas inovadoras, estratégias de entrega avançadas e terapias regenerativas emerge como uma perspectiva promissora para enfrentar esse desafio oftalmológico de forma abrangente e eficaz.
OBSTÉTRICIA NA ATUAÇÃO DA MELHORIA DOS RESULTADOS PSICOSSOCIAIS EM: GESTANTES, PARTURIENTES E PUÉRPERAS: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Luz Francielly de Oliveira , Rosa Victor Hugo Júlio da , Assis Bárbara Fernandes de , Holzle Daiana Elsa de Moura , Ferreira Maria Camila de Souza Marques , Jaeger Karine Nava , Carvalho Gysla Salustiano de , Vieira Glenda Luísa , Santos Cíntia Elizabeth Batista dos , Gonçalves Fabíola de Alencar Mendes , Nemitz Caroline da Silva , Simões Lusinete de Almeida , Cunha Isalke Diniz Pereira Da
Published: January 2024

O papel de um obstetra desempenha a ênfase no ciclo completo de gravidez e parto das mulheres se deve não apenas às disposições da legislação esportiva profissional, mas também às características de sua formação. Na prática, o cuidado às gestantes, aos recém-nascidos e aos recém-nascidos pode ser prestado de forma mais natural, humana e menos intrusiva, tendo como foco a mulher como protagonista do parto. As enfermeiras obstétricas podem prestar consultas pré-natais e pós-natais a pacientes de baixo risco em unidades de cuidados de saúde primários. Este é um estudo abrangente de revisão de literatura. Foram identificados artigos para os critérios de inclusão: artigos publicados no período de 2007 a 2023 (dissesses anos), no idioma inglês e português e indexados nas seguintes bases de dados: Base de Dados em Enfermagem (BDENF), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), PubMed, Literatura Latino Americana do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS). Os dados foram processados ​​por meio de análise temática e foram destacadas as categorias: qualificação profissional no cuidado à mulher, enfermeiras obstétricas e equipe multiprofissional promotoras de maternidade segura e cuidados essenciais – circunstâncias e contextos específicos. Com base na experiência das enfermeiras obstétricas e na análise dos resultados da busca bibliográfica, foi encontrado um número limitado de artigos relacionados à implantação e atuação das enfermeiras obstétricas na atenção primária e, por tanto Volume de amostra. Além disso, faltam protocolos ou regulamentações específicas sobre o que os profissionais da atenção primária fazem. A falta de publicações destaca a necessidade de ampliar o papel da atenção obstétrica na atenção primária por meio da divulgação por um especialista em saúde da mulher.
THE TRANSLATION STRATEGIES ON ADDRESS TERMS IN LOVE ROSIE MOVIE
Authors: Lubis Syahron , Shara Nabila Mei
Published: January 2024

This research aims to find out the types of address terms found in the Love Rosie movie and to find out how the address terms are translated into Bahasa Indonesia. In collecting the data in this research, the researcher used the descriptive qualitative method. The data collected in this research were from the data sources which are the Love Rosie movie and the movie manuscript. The types of the address terms theories by Wardhaugh (2006: 271), Simatupang (2000: 77), and Larson (1984: 121), and the translation procedures theory by Vinay and Dalbernet (2000: 84-93) were used in analyzing the data in this research. This research used data analysis techniques by Miles, Huberman, and Saldana (2014). There were 65 data collected in this research. The findings of this research showed two main points. (1) There were 5 types of address; 6 data of pronouns, 17 data of kinship, 10 data of titles, 22 data of names, and 10 data of endearments. (2) There were six translation procedures applied in translating the address terms; 19 data translated by applying literal translation, 17 data by applying borrowing, 13 data by applying transposition, 1 data by applying modulation, 1 data by applying equivalence, and 14 data by applying adaption. Based on the data analysis and the findings, it can be concluded that the types of address terms found in the Love Rosie movie are in the form of pronouns, kinship, titles, names, and endearments. There are 6 address terms in the form of pronouns, 17 address terms in the form of kinship, 10 address terms in the form of titles, 22 address terms in the form of names, and 10 address terms in the form of endearments. Then, the translation procedures applied by the translator in translating the address terms in Love Rosie movie are using Vinay and Dalbernet’s (2000: 84-93) theory which are literal translation, borrowing, transposition, calque, modulation, equivalence, and adaptation. There are 18 address terms are translated by applying literal translation which is the most commonly used procedure by the translator, 17 address terms by applying borrowing, 12 address terms by applying transposition, 1 address term by applying modulation, 1 address term by applying equivalence, and 16 address terms by applying adaptation.
USING PARAGRAPH ANALYSIS IN TEACHING GRAMMAR
Authors: Herman Yuli
Published: January 2024

This experimental study assessed the effectiveness of using paragraph analysis in teaching grammar, especially in improving students’ knowledge and comprehension. In implementing this strategy students were asked to analyze every sentences in a paragraph where in every paragraph has misused of tenses and verb. During the process, the class activity mostly was in form of discussion. First activity was reading the text. Then, the students were asked to identify the tense of every sentences in the paragraph and analyzed whether or not there was a mistake in every sentences. The next step was students discuss in a group and reconstructed the inappropriate sentences. Before giving treatment to the students, they were given initial test. Then, at the end of the research the students were given final test. Both of the result of the tests were calculated by using t-test. Level of significant applied is 95% or 0.005. The calculation result was 0.004 which means there was a significant difference before implementing paragraph analysis and after the treatment.
THE EFFECT OF USING REPEATED READING STRATEGY TOWARD STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION
Authors: Nasir Muhammad , Syafitri Widya , Safitri Loli
Published: January 2024

This study was intended to find out the effectiveness of repeated reading strategy toward students’ reading comprehension. This quantitative research done due to some problems found during reading class. First, the teacher used the conventional strategy since the teacher acted as the center of the class. Then, the students showed a little comprehension in reading, such as finding the main idea, reference, or inference of the text. Last but not least, the teacher admitted that the students often doubt about finding out the moral value of the text, because it was not written on the text. After doing treatment by implementing repeated reading strategy, researcher found that students’ reading comprehension was improved. It was showed that t-obtained was higher than t-table (6,872>2,064). Hence, there is a significant effect of repeated reading strategy toward student reading comprehension.
STUDENTS’ ERRORS IN ENGLISH VOWEL PRONUNCIATION
Authors: Sari Suci Permata , Herman Yuli , Dwiputri Risza
Published: January 2024

This research aimed to describe students’ error in English vowel pronunciation and the factors caused these errors at fourth semester students in English Education Department of UMMY Solok in 2021/2022 academic year. The researcher found some problems in English vowel pronunciation; students had lack of knowledge of pronunciation and understanding of English words, and students struggled as there are no similar sounds of their original language or mother tongue in English. This research was conducted by using descriptive quantitative. The sample of the research was all fourth semester students in English Education Department of UMMY Solok in 2021/2022 academic year, which consist of 14 students. The data were collected through pronunciation test and questionnaire. The results of this research showed that the level of students score in English vowel pronunciation was “very good”. However, there are five majors of students’ error. These errors occurred in the pronunciation of vowels /ɪ/, /ɒ/, /ɔ:/, /ɜ:/, and /ǝ/. Then, the factor affecting students to do errors was interlingual errors, the errors caused by the difference between pronunciations letters of students’ first language with the target language. It is hoped that this research will be useful for the lecturers, students and the next researchers.
INVESTIGATING EFL LEARNERS’ DIFFICULTIES AND STRATEGIES IN ACADEMIC WRITING SKILL: A QUALITATIVE STUDY
Authors: Riadil Ikrar Genidal , Rahman Adzkiya Noor Ifadha , Chonpracha Pitchaya
Published: January 2024

Writing is an important aspect of language development and should be of primary interest and concern to teachers, students, and academics. The researchers found a research gap by observing that in the field of research, there are a lot of students who have difficulties in writing and still do not know the strategy to solve their problems. This study aims to identify the writing difficulties that students face, as well as strategies for overcoming those difficulties. A descriptive qualitative research method was used in this study. The researchers used a questionnaire to collect the data. The participants were twenty-five 5th semester students from the English department, Universitas Tidar in the academic year 2021/2022. The result of the study showed that nine students encountered difficulties in grammar, eight students had problems with an academic style, and three students encountered difficulties in the organization of writing and vocabulary. Furthermore, independent writing is one of the most common strategies employed by students. Understanding the difficulties of students and strategies for writing skills will have a good impact on the outcome of the learning process.
GUIDE READING AND SUMMARIZING PROCEDURE (GRASP) STRATEGY TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION
Authors: Ningsih Wirda
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine whether the GRASP approach can improve reading comprehension of class VIII students of MTs Al-Kifayah Riau. The research methodology was classroom action research (CAR). This research was conducted in 2 cycles, each consisting of 4 meetings. Reading test was used as an instrument of this research. To obtain the data, 33 class VIII students of MTs Al-Kifayah Riau became the research subjects. Based on the results of the research, class VIII students of MTs Al-Kifayah Riau were able to improve their reading comprehension using the Guided Reading and Summarizing Procedure (GRASP) strategy. Students improved better after the second cycle of action. Therefore, the Guided Reading and Summarizing Procedure (GRASP) strategy is sufficient for reading comprehension of class VIII MTs Al-Kifayah Riau.
THE QUALITY PERFORMANCE OF INTENSIVE ENGLISH COURSE LECTURER
Authors: Syafitri Widya
Published: January 2024

Intensive English Course (IC) has been considered an essential program to prepare qualified English Department students in higher education in the first semester. The lecturers teach this program for the four skills and two components; listening, reading, speaking, writing, vocabulary and grammar in an integrated manner for one semester. This course will be a success if the lecturers have the capability in content and pedagogy to teach the IC program. Furthermore, this study aimed at describing lecturers’ quality performance in teaching IC at UIN Sjech M. Djamil Djambek (SMDD) Bukittinggi. The data was collected by distributing a questionnaire to 95 first-semester English department students in the 2022/2023 academic year. The findings showed the lecturers’ average was 58,83. It means that the lecturers were qualified in teaching Intensive English Courses in all indicators; tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy.
THE EFFECT OF USING PICTIONARY GAMES ON STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY MASTERY
Authors: Yelvia Erli , Syafitri Widya , Kardena Absharini , Dewi Merry Prima
Published: January 2024

This research was conducted since most of the students still had problems in learning English, especially in vocabulary mastery. Most of the students had difficulties mastering vocabulary, lack of practice in English and students were not motivated to study English. Thus, this research aimed at finding out the effect of using Pictionary Game on students’ Vocabulary Mastery in seventh grade in SMPN 2 Bukittinggi. A quasi-experimental design was used in this study. This study employed two classes: experimental and control. The population was drawn from SMPN 2 Bukittinggi seventh-grade students. In this study, the sample was 28 students from the control group and 31 students from the experimental group. To analyze the data collection procedure, a t-test formula was used. According to the results for the experiment class's pre-test and post-test scores, the t-obtained (12,92) was greater than the t-table (2,042) with the degree of freedom (df) 30 and (0,025). The t- obtained in the calculation of the post-test for both classes was (2,011), which was higher than the t-table (1,672) with (df) 57 and =0,05. So, it can be concluded that the entire hypothesis were accepted. It has been indicated that using a Pictionary game can assist students in improving their vocabulary mastery.
THE ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ LINGUISTICS ERROR IN MAKING PASSIVE VOICE
Authors: Deva Sri , Syafitri Widya , Syahrul Syahrul , Irwandi Irwandi
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study was to identify the types of linguistics errors and to analyze the causes of the students’ errors in making passive voice at XI Grade of SMK Swasta Pembina Bangsa. Several issues with students' linguistics passive voice were discovered in the field. They were students' difficulty to apply passive voice patterns into different tenses. The next problem was that some students have difficulty distinguishing between active and passive voice because they had less practice outside the classroom. This study used mix research. The participants in this study was the students of the hotel accommodation program and accounting SMK S Pembina Bangsa students in the eleventh grade. To collect the data, the researcher used a test and interviews with students. Based on calculated the data, the result showed that the total errors is 496 errors which were classified into 4 types: omission is 62 cases (12,5%), addition was 116 cases (23,38%), misformation was 155 cases (31, 25%), and misordering was  163 cases (32,86%). As a result, many students made errors in making passive voice related to some items which were caused by some factors: interlingual transfer and intralingual transfer.
IMPACT OF GOVERNMENT DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES ON YANADI TRIBE SUSTAINABILITY IN NELLORE DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA
Authors: Cherukuru Suneel Kumar  , Dr. V. Divyathejomurthy
Published: January 2024

In independent India still the tribals have not developed to the extent expected. Tribals are living backward conditions due to lack of awareness about the need for education. Tribals do not have land so they cannot contact with mainstream society for financial needs and for the government provides financial facilities through some welfare schemes. Many of the tribal peoples are living dependent on the facilities provided by the government and even today Yanadi tribes are living a nomadic life without their own house or proper job opportunities. These schemes are very useful for Yanadi tribals to lead an ideal life and to be a part of education, job and employment opportunities. Though these programmes are good but these programmes not able to ensure sustainability of all tribals. With the change in the time Indian government priorities changed. After independence first government focussed on agriculture then industrialisation, later power sector, now we are in the era of digitalization. Similarly, the tribals needs and expectations are changing time to time. In this context, the present article focusses on Impact on Government Development Programmes on Yanadi Tribe Sustainability in Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh so as to understand what extent these schemes are successful and to identify any new aids needed by them.
KEY WORDS: Yanadi Tribes, Digitalization, Agriculture, Industrialisation.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Dengan Penerapan Teknik Menyusui Yang Benar Pada Ibu Postpartum Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Malangke
Authors: Aoka Irmayanti , Resky Resky , Bagenda Eka Fadilah
Published: January 2024

Permasalahan pemberian ASI bukan hanya dikaitkan akan pengetahuan dan teknik menyusui yang masih kurang dipahami oleh seorang ibu tetapi juga dikarenakan kondisi emosional yang dialami seorang Ibu Postpartum. Untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dengan penerapan teknik menyusui yang benar pada ibu postpartum di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Malangke. Desain penelitian menggunakan cross sectional. Populasi berjumlah 57 orang dan sanpel sebesar 50 orang. Teknik sampling menggunakan puposive sampling dan menggunakan uji Chi-square. Karakteristik responden sebagian besar berumur 21-30 tahun yaitu sebanyak 28 orang (56%), pendidikan tamat SMA sebanyak 25 orang (50%), dan pekerjaan sebagai IRT berjumlah 46 orang (92%). Pengetahuan ibu kurang baik tentang teknik menyusui yang benar 26 orang (52%), sedangkan pengetahuan ibu baik tentang teknik menyusui yang benar berjumlah 24 orang (48%). Ibu postpartum yang tidak melakukan penerapan teknik menyusui yang benar pada anaknya berjumlah 27 orang (54%), sedangkan ibu postpartum yang mengetahui  penerapan teknik menyusui yang benar pada anaknya berjumlah 23 orang (46%). Ada hubungan pengetahuan dengan penerapan teknik menyusui yang benar ibu postpartum di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Malangke, dengan p-value : 0,007 < ? : 0,05 sehingga Ho ditolak.
The Image of the architecture in the City
Authors: Pastore Domenico , Sisci Francesca
Published: January 2024

The city is built over time on the stratification of events and transformations, that define its distinctive aspect. During this time, some monumental buildings have become a symbol of the city, able to give them a meaningful image that remains in time. Urban theories of the '60s have identified in the large scale architecture one of the main elements for the construction of the city image. The authors of these theories, even if they share the bond with the city of Florence, come to different interpretations of the urban image.
Prishtina New European Capital Images of a city to be discovered
Authors: Kumaraku Llazar , Rossi Loris
Published: January 2024

The international PhD POLIS/Ferrara in Architecture and Urban Planning, organizes for the 33rd cycle a new Workshop trying to explore more in depth one of the most not yet explored city in the Eastern Europe. The case of the city of Prishtina, capital of Kosova , shows today an image of a city without hierarchies and points of reference. In this frame of study the case of Prishtina can be seen within some of the recent research fields already active in the previous years within the Department of Applied Research (OMB) Observatory of the Mediterranean Basin FKHZ Faculty at POLIS University. The base of the discussion for this year will be the idea to develop the critical and analytical capacity of each PhD student to find, within a given morphological analysis of the city, tools able to generate new architecture and design processes for the future development of the city.
mproving Energy Efficiency, reducing air pollution Intervening in Public Service Areas to save energy and reduce gas emissions.
Authors: Marku Aguljeln
Published: January 2024

It is no longer possible to ignore the Climate Changes we are facing and that carbon emissions are the responsible for them. Carbon emissions are mainly caused by the use of energy and its production. Energy efficiency measures offer many opportunities to help rapidly growing cities
achieve energy security, energy savings, and reduce costs and emissions. Energy savings, nowadays is a high-priority concern in many countries. Therefore energy-efficient measures are being increasingly implemented in all sectors.
Rapid urbanization has led to massive demand for energy to power economic activity, expand basic infrastructure, and deliver municipal services. Cities now consume about two-thirds of the world’s energy, and are responsible for about 70 percent of the world’s GHG emissions.
Energy efficiency can play a key role in helping meet growing energy demand in cities; it can offer practical, cost-effective solutions to expand and improve urban services, while contributing to cities’ efforts to be more competitive and address climate change.
Prishtina faces steady population and economic growth, which requires an expansion of reliable energy and delivery of municipal services. Also the city is one the most polluted capital
cities in Europe and that is because of Obiliq Power Plant. Its emissions are about 74 times above the European standard. About 15% of energy in Prishtina is produced by Obiliq Power
Plant. Improving the energy efficiency would reduce the energy loss, so the need for energy and by that, for Obiliq, would be lower. Reducing the Obiliq emission will cause the reduction of air pollution.
The methodology used for the energy retrofits comprises three steps, namely assessment of the energy performance, prioritization of sectors having the highest energy savings potential,
and giving recommendation for the EE plan. This EE plan must be in line with the strategies and targets set at the national and local level to reduce energy consumption and improve performance in most sectors, including public services.
The priority areas of Intervention will be the public building, street lighting and urban public transport since the public administration has high control of these areas.
Recent studies such as the assessment of the energy performance of Astana and Almaty (Kazakhstan) found that targeted interventions in energy-efficiency in municipal service sectors - including public buildings, district heating, transport, street lighting, waste and water
supply – can lead to significant energy savings annually, including 43% savings (3,7 billion kWh) in Astana and 34% savings (3,1 billion kWh) in Almaty. The aims of this study will be the retrofit for improving the energy efficiency; how much canwe save energy from service areas and what effects will it have in reducing gas emissions.
Prishtina as Part of Main Transport Corridors. The Role of Route 6 And Route 7 for the City
Authors: Qaja Besjana
Published: January 2024

In the region of South-Eastern Europe in the last decade major investments have been done in the field of road transport among other investments, which contributed in the rise of quality for the citizens. These investments of course, influence required standards by the European Union. Kosova , as part of this region, is doing its part to be closer to meeting the standards. After the war (1999) Kosova has made significant investments in road infrastructure in rise of the quality through widening in different sections, financed by international organizations. Kosova has a good geographic position in the Balkan Peninsula through which two international roads pass. Route 6 of East Europe, which starts at Corridor VIII in Skopje, goes through Ferizaj, Prishtina and then separates into two directions: one towards Mitrovica and the other through Peja. Southeast Europe, Route 7 starts in Durres and passes through Morine border and through Prizren, Suhareka, Prishtina, Merdane border, then passes in Serbia and connects with Corridor X. Apart from these two routes that have an international character, Kosova with neighboring countries is connected with national, regional and local roads. Kosova and Albania are linked via three roads, two national roads and a regional road. Kosova connects with Montenegro
through two roads, one of them is regional (Vitomerice-Rozhaje). With Serbia it connects through six national roads and with Macedonia it is connected through two national roads, one with destination Skopje and the other with destination Tetovo. Kosova until now has very well dispersed the national and regional road network. The plans of Ministry of Infrastructure until 2025 are defined by the Multimodal Transport Strategy. In this strategy the road projects have come out as a result of the traffic which is surveyed in the road network of Kosova . Route 6 and Route 7 has a big importance for Kosova and especially for Prishtina. Route 6 passes near Prishtina and connects it with Ferizaj and Peja, then it connects Kosova with Corridor VIII in Skopje. Route 7 connects it with Prizren and Podujeva, this road is very important because it links many parts of Albania and Kosova with national Corridor X in Nish of Serbia. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the importance of the Route 6 and Route 7 for Prishtina as a new European capital and the public transport and mobility integration to avoid the issues in the city. Furthermore, it is necessary to create a full meaning of the position of Prishtina in relation with Corridor X and Corridor VIII as part of them in indirect way, but very important for both. Particularly at the end of the paper will be mentioned why the achievement of the quality of these main arteries for Kosova and Prishtina should be started from the lowest level to be integrated in the international network.
Survival and Sustainability. Local Finance Concerns in Prishtina, the new capital of Europe
Authors: Imami Fiona
Published: January 2024

Uncontrolled urban expansion, or as academically known as sprawling, isn’t just bad for the environment, human health, and quality of life; it’s also bad for budgeting. Municipalities all over the world are struggling with the fiscal burden of expenditures for infrastructure and services, which tend to be much higher than necessary in cases of inefficient planning. Imagine this challenge in developing countries, where even the necessities1 are higher. While reading ‘The Guardian2’ article by Claudia Megele, written in 2012: ‘There are a host of challenges that face local governments in the 21st century; delivering services; lack of finance; managing staff; engaging citizens; forming new partnerships; and rapidly evolving technologies and socio-economic demographics’; a really big issue arises. Mostly today, we see the relevance of the above mentioned issue, and yet have the urge to answer to those issues, while trying to give a new image and a set of new approaches to the youngest developing city in the EU (Prishtina, the capital of Kosova ).
A green infrastructure paradigm for Prishtina. Learning from Best practice, identifying systems and key components for approaching Green Infrastructure Strategy
Authors: Koliçi (Istrefaj) Malvina
Published: January 2024

In the global world, Green infrastructure is being a highly suggested framework, as a successful strategy for dealing with smart development and a necessity application towards sustainable spatial planning.
Implementing Green Infrastructure in the cities, has resulted with benefits in several aspects regarding the environment, image of the city, population health and also biodiversity conservation.
The impact of the Green Infrastructure, especially in the cases of cities dealing with urban sprawl, air pollution, land waste, as well as social and economic chaos, is considered a great potential for addressing most of these issues.
Green Infrastructure is achieved through application of processes and policy themes which constitute the principles of Green Infrastructure, as an approach to promote and contribute to the quality of life and resilient cities.
This paper argues for a critical and local approach of Green Infrastructure in Prishtina, in order to initiate and facilitate the adaption of this framework in planning processes and implementation phases. The research aims to provide a framework for conceptualizing further applications of GI1 in the level of municipality territory.
First, the research aims to understand the principles and concepts of Green Infrastructure systems during the literature review, focusing in the assessment of green systems in the local, national and international policies.
Mapping the territory of the city and evidencing the main issues; land use, natural assets as well as agricultural sites, pollutant elements and green urban spaces, is considered an indispensable phase for the elaboration of this study.
A further understanding of other cities experience is accomplished by conducting a comparative analysis of GI principle applications in three case studies, to conceptualize successful interventions in green spaces in urban environments.
Hence, to generate an outcome of local elements, as proposals and recommendations for approaching Green Infrastructure in Prishtina, these layers are overlapped with the concept of GI as a system of links, hubs and sites. This concept is elaborated by Benedict and McMohan, two researches who have significantly contributed to the understanding, defining and approaching GI and which would be cited in the following parts of the article.
The research finally aims to give in site-recommendations for comprehending, approaching, and implementing the GI Strategy in the specific context of Prishtina Municipality, as a result of researching phase.
User centered methodologies in design for social improvement: The case study of Prishtina
Authors: Imbesi Silvia
Published: January 2024

User Centered Design, also known as UCD, allows designing solutions that are able to satisfy the requirements expressed by the users, intended as people that have to do with the product in every stage of its life. This specific approach can be also useful in the design of services and processes that need to consider the user experience as a fundamental stage of the project. UCD was therefore considered a proper method to be applied to public administrations’ work, to provide inclusive and effective services and facilities to citizens, in order to improve their wellbeing.
The city of Prishtina, the new capital of Kosova , was considered an interesting example of a city with unsolved issues that could get a great advantage applying a User Centered approach to the design of public services, because of its social and multicultural identity that makes UCD suitable to answer to users’ needs.
In this chapter the author proposes some topics on which it would be necessary to design and apply new innovative development strategies.
Prishtina – A New European Capital
Authors: Aliaj Besnik
Published: January 2024

“Prishtina – A new European capital” has been an inspiring experience but a complex project in itself. Although it had a good basis because of the interaction experiences of Co-Plan Institute and Polis University staff with Kosova institutions and professionals over last 2 decades, it has been never enough to take a position towards the future of a city or a country in itself. However, using well-structured ‘external’ research sometimes works better in an emotional postwar context like Prishtina where memories related to war of the past are still fresh and often blocking the decision-making processes related to future city development. Adding here also the exploding urbanization and a vivid - almost informal- market economy, makes it here even more difficult to correctly read the city in a short time. However, cooperation with local professionals and a strict methodological approach based on the experiences coming from POLIS/ UNIFE and Co-PLAN, made possible for our students, staff and PhD researchers to further elaborate their ideas and concepts over three main lines: i) the intensive visits and fieldwork in Kosova and Prishtina; ii) specialized studios and workshops in Tirana and Ferrara; iii) and independent individual research. Such volume of work coordinated over more than one year by our academic team concludes successfully with a tangible product such as this publication that helpfully might be useful to Kosovar authorities, people, academics, researchers and professionals there.
In vitro activity of cefiderocol and other newly approved antimicrobials against multi-drug resistant Gram-negative pathogens recovered in intensive care units in Spain and Portugal
Authors: Gijón Desiree , García-Castillo María , Fernández-López María del Carmen , Bou Germán , Siller María , Calvo-Montes Jorge , Pitart Cristina , Vila Jordi , Torno Nuria , Gimeno Concepción , Cruz Hugo , Ramos Helena , Mulet Xavier , Oliver Antonio , Ruiz-Garbajosa Patricia , Canton Rafael
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The antimicrobial resistance is a significant public health threat, particularly for healthcare-associated infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative pathogens which are increasingly reported worldwide. The aim of this study was to provide data on the in vitro antimicrobial activity of cefiderocol and that of commercially available comparator antibiotics against a defined collection of recent clinical multi-drug resistant (MDR) microorganisms, including carbapenem resistant Gram-negative bacteria collected from different regions in Spain and Portugal. Material and methods. A total of 477 clinical isolates of Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia were prospectively (n=265) and retrospectively (n=212) included (2016-2019). Susceptibility testing was performed using standard broad microdilution and results were interpreted using CLSI-2021 and EUCAST-2021 criteria. Results. Overall, cefiderocol showed a good activity against Enterobacterales isolates, being 99.5% susceptible by CLSI and 94.5% by EUCAST criteria. It also demonstrated excellent activity against P. aeruginosa and S. maltophilia isolates, all being susceptible to this compound considering CLSI breakpoints. Regarding A. baumannii (n=64), only one isolate was resistant to cefiderocol. Conclusions. Our results are in agreement with other studies performed outside Spain and Portugal highlighting its excellent activity against MDR gram-negative bacteria. Cefiderocol is a therapeutic alternative to those available for the treatment of infections caused by these MDR bacteria.