bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Approximation-Degree-Based Interpolation: A New Interpolation Method
Authors: Lian Shiyou
Published: June 2020

This paper introduces
the measure of approximate-degree and the concept of approximate-degree
function between numerical values, thus developing a new interpolation method
—— approximation-degree-based interpolation, i.e., AD interpolation.
One-dimensional AD interpolation is done directly by using correlative
interpolation formulas; n(n>1)-dimensional AD interpolation is
firstly separated into n parallel
one-dimensional AD interpolation computations to do respectively, and then got
results are synthesized by Sum-Times-Difference formula into a value as the
result value of the n-dimensional
interpolation. If the parallel processing is used, the efficiency of n-dimensional AD interpolation is almost
the same as that of the one-dimensional AD interpolation. Thus it starts a feasible and convenient approach and provides
an effective method for high-dimensional interpolations. Furthermore,
if AD interpolation is introduced into machine learning, a new instance-based
learning method is expected to be realized.
Peningkatan Pemahaman Matematis Siswa SMAK Warta Bakti Kefamenanu Melalui Pembelajaran Berbantu Sudoku
Authors: Cecilia Novianti Salsinha  , Eva Binsasi  , Elinora Naikteas Bano
Published: June 2020

Mathematics is one of the most important sciences in life, this can be seen from mathematics lessons that have even been learned since elementary school and even kindergarten. But learning mathematics is not always easy. Based on observations in the field, there are still many teachers in schools providing a less innovative learning, learning strategies that are still monotonous and learning methods that are less interesting.Based on data from the UN results in 2019 obtained from the Ministry of Education and Culture shows that NTT is one of 12 provinces where the average UN score is below the national average. Because mathematics is one of the UNBK subjects but occupies the lowest place of other subjects, the authors consider mathematics to be the center of attention, especially in the NTT region especially Kefamenanu. Therefore, the writer applies the sudoku game-assisted learning method to improve the understanding of the students of Warta Bakti Kefamenanu. The researcher compared the pre-test and post-test scores which gave the result that the scores were lower than the post-test scores. This confirms that students' understanding after learning by using the Sudoku game gives significant results.
Eksperimentasi Mobile Learning Pada Mata Kuliah Kalkulus Integral Ditinjau Dari Kemampuan Bekerjasama
Authors: Siti Suprihatiningsih  , Nugroho Arif Sudibyo  , Triana Harmini
Published: June 2020

The covid-19 pandemic period like now requires to find an alternative learning that is effectively used. It drives a changing method of learning from face-to-face to online. One alternative in learning today is the use of smartphones or commonly referred to as mobile learning. This study aims to determine: 1) differences in student mathematics learning achievement with learning through mobile learning and google classroom, 2) interaction between learning through mobile learning and the ability to work together with students towards mathematics learning achievement, 3) differences in student mathematics learning achievement at the level of ability cooperate. The subjects of this study were students of the Mathematics Education Study Program STKIP Pamane Talino who took 68 Integral Calculus courses consisting of 2 classes. The research was conducted in 5 meetings. Each group was taught with the same material. The instruments in this study were test and questionnaire. The research method used was quasi experiment with 2x3 factorial design approach. The data analysis test used was the two-way ANAVA test with the analysis prerequisites in the form of a normality test and a homogeneity test. The results of data analysis show that the data are normally distributed and homogeneous. Thus, it can be concluded that: (1) learning with Mobile Learning media is more effective than learning with Google Classroom media, (2) the level of ability to work together high, medium and low gives different effects on student mathematics learning achievements and (3) students with all levels of ability to work with learning media Mobile Learning and Google Classroom provide equally good learning achievements.
O direito à água e ao meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado na ordem constitucional brasileira
Authors: Cunha Estela Pamplona
Published: June 2020

A Constituição de 1988 foi o marco fundamental para o processo da institucionalização, não só do meio ambiente, mas de todos os demais Direitos Humanos e ecológicos no país. Seu texto elevou a dignidade da pessoa humana a princípio fundamental, pelo qual a República Federativa do Brasil deve se reger no cenário internacional e nacional. Da mesma forma, seguindo a tendência do constitucionalismo contemporâneo de se igualarem hierarquicamente os Tratados de proteção dos Direitos Humanos às normas constitucionais, abriu um grande passo rumo à abertura do sistema jurídico brasileiro ao Sistema Internacional de proteção de Direitos Humanos. Nesse sentido, o texto da Constituição de 1988 merece uma análise detalhada, devido aos inúmeros instrumentos de proteção ao meio ambiente nela insculpidos, haja vista que, nesse contexto, o sentido de equilíbrio ecológico deve ser dirigido ao ser humano, considerando o princípio inserido no artigo 1º, inciso III, da Constituição Federal. Tendo sido inspirada pela Declaração de Estocolmo (1972) e por outros textos constitucionais importantes como o de Portugal e o da Espanha, a Constituição de 1988 alertou para a necessidade de conscientização geral acerca do tema. Da leitura de seus dispositivos fica claro que a preservação ambiental é condição indeclinável para uma vida digna e é também um valor fundamental da sociedade. Fato que representa um avanço significativo para o reconhecimento do meio ambiente e a água como Direito Fundamental.
Atuação do Ministério Público para a defesa dos recursos hídricos: proposta de integração territorialmente organizada por bacias hidrográficas
Authors: Gomes Tarcila Santos Britto
Published: June 2020

Os recursos hídricos são recursos ambientais transfronteiriços que fazem parte de um sistema natural, que funciona de forma interdependente, dotado de características sensíveis e sujeito a um delicado equilíbrio ecológico, fundamental para a manutenção da vida. Assim, o presente trabalho pretende auxiliar o Ministério Público a traçar, institucionalmente, as melhores estratégias para a proteção dos recursos hídricos nesse cenário.
O Ministério Público e a participação democrática no compromisso de ajustamento de conduta em matéria urbano-ambiental
Authors: Albuquerque Maria Claudia Bentes , Dias Daniella Maria dos Santos
Published: June 2020

Este artigo discute as possibilidades e os limites da atuação do Ministério Público na tomada do Compromisso de Ajustamento de Conduta em matéria urbanoambiental, especialmente para a proteção de recursos hídricos. Busca-se responder a seguinte pergunta: em que medida o Ministério Público pode decidir sobre a realização de audiências públicas para o debate democrático acerca das providências necessárias à tutela de recursos hídricos em áreas urbanas, por meio do Compromisso de Ajustamento de Conduta? A metodologia é baseada em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, apresentando abordagem qualitativa e analítica. Conclui-se que a gestão de recursos hídricos deve contar com a participação democrática de múltiplos atores sociais, inclusive antes da celebração de Termo de Ajustamento de Conduta no âmbito do Ministério Público, sob pena de invalidade do termo de compromisso.
Tribunal Monsanto: um estudo de caso
Authors: Afonso Vitória Rosa Santos , Belaidi Rabah
Published: June 2020

Trata-se de um estudo de caso sobre o Tribunal Monsanto. Este “Tribunal” nasceu de uma mobilização de militantes ambientalistas oriundos da sociedade civil com o objetivo de “julgar” os crimes contra direitos humanos e “condenar” a multinacional Monsanto pelo cometimento do crime de ecocídio. Este artigo, por meio da pesquisa analítica, descreve o funcionamento do Tribunal Monsanto e o examina em relação ao Direito Internacional Público, com enfoque no Direito do Meio Ambiente e no Direito Internacional de cooperação e solidariedade, enfrentando sua pertinência como contrainte sobre os sujeitos globais.
Direitos humanos e sociedades indígenas na Amazônia: o lado recôndito nas barragens hidrelétricas do Tapajós em face ao povo Munduruku em Itaituba – Pará
Authors: Xavier Ellen Monique De Lucena , Ferreira Kallyop Mikaella Da Silva
Published: June 2020

O presente artigo tem por objetivo realizar uma análise da relação existente entre os povos indígenas e o Estado, acerca da legalização de suas terras, dando ênfase aos projetos de barragens hidrelétricas no Tapajós. Nesse sentido, iniciaremos nosso estudo, com metodologia bibliográfica e documental, conceituando no que abrange os Direito Humanos apresentando as principais características de evolução no âmbito internacional e brasileiro, além de informar sobre a importância da Convenção 169 da OIT seus conceitos básicos e, também, certificar sobre os recônditos por de trás de tal empreendimento.
O mundo tem sede de água e de justiça
Authors: Viegas Eduardo Coral
Published: June 2020

O 8º Fórum Mundial da Água, realizado em março, foi o primeiro a acontecer no hemisfério sul. Considerado o maior de todos e um verdadeiro sucesso, contou com mais de 120 mil visitantes de 172 países. O fórum movimentou Brasília e colocou a água no centro da agenda política mundial. Parece que, por ironia do destino, a capital federal enfrenta uma estiagem dramática, com racionamento desde janeiro de 2017. Embora o corte de água tenha sido suspenso pela companhia estadual (Caesb) nos locais onde ocorriam as atividades do encontro, milhares de participantes sentiram os efeitos da falta de água até quando precisavam tomar banho ao se preparar para ir ao fórum ou quando voltavam cansados após assistirem a inúmeras palestras, interagirem em debates ou conhecerem projetos inovadores apresentados por entidades nacionais e internacionais, públicas, privadas e do terceiro setor.
ENSINO MÉDIO E PROJETO DE VIDA: POSSIBILIDADES E DESAFIOS
Authors: Silva Santos Kaliana , Braz Ferreira Gontijo Simone
Published: June 2020

O presente artigo propõe-se a analisar a temática Projeto de vida como componente curricular obrigatório na Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) do Ensino Médio a fim apresentar possibilidades de inserção dessa temática nesse nível de ensino e consiste num trabalho de revisão bibliográfica.  As leituras demonstram que para se obter sucesso na construção de um projeto de vida deve-se levar em conta várias vertentes, dentre elas destaca-se que ele não deve se resumir a uma escolha profissional devendo-se ampliar os múltiplos espectros da vida do sujeito em questão; deve primar pelo fomento ao autoconhecimento, a relação com o outro e com a sociedade, o planejamento e a preparação para o mundo do trabalho. Essas competências deverão ser construídas ao longo dos três anos do Ensino Médio a partir de atividades mediadas pelos princípios da aprendizagem dialógica.
Arab Spring dalam Sastra Arab: Ekspresi dan Representasi
Authors: Affan Mohammad
Published: June 2020

Karya sastra tidak hadir dalam ruang kosong. Ia merupakan cerminan dari realitas yang melingkupinya. Peristiswa Arab Spring (Musim Semi Arab) yang berawal dari tahun 2011 di Tunisia lalu menjalar ke sejumlah negara di kawasan Timur Tengah tidak luput dari sorotan para sastrawan Arab dalam karya mereka. Tulisan ini mendeskripsikan bagaimana ekspresi dan representasi Arab Spring yang terekam dalam literatur sastra Arab. Dari kajian ini ditemukan sejumlah karya sastra Arab berupa novel, puisi, memoar, dan komik yang merepresentasikan aspek-aspek tematik tertentu (waktu, ruang, dan karakter) dari narasi Arab Spring. Selain itu, muncul genre baru dalam sastra Arab, yaitu sastra digital dalam bentuk klip video sastra yang mengekspresikan tahap baru dalam evolusi sastra Arab. Arab Spring telah menandai munculnya babak baru dalam kehidupan di dunia Arab yang selama ini dikekang oleh rezim diktator, yaitu keberanian untuk menyuarakan dan melawan ketidakadilan, penindasan, dan pelanggaran hak-hak asasi manusia yang terjadi di negerinya
تعليم القواعد بطريقة تمييز في الدورة أوشيان عربية بباري كديري
Authors: Afyuddin Moh Sholeh
Published: June 2020

وفي ظواهر تعليم القواعد العربية وجدت مشكلات كثيرة، منها عدم ميول الطلاب إلى هذه المادة ويحتاج تعلمها إلى طول الزمان. وهناك من رأى أن القواعد لا يصلح لأن يدرس في ذاتها في حصص معينة لها حتى لا يعدها الطلاب غاية في ذاتها. ثم من طبيعة القواعد هي يطلب إلى قوة الحفظ والتحليل، وهي تورث الفكرة السلبية بأن القواعد هي المادة الصعبة. فربما كانت تلك الظواهر السلبية في القواعد بسبب عدم طريقة التعليم الميسرة، لأن المادة الصعبة لا بد من احتياجها إلى الطريقة الميسرة. وكانت طريقة تمييز هي الطريقة التي تحاول إثبات الفكرة أن القواعد سهلة وممتعة لأن المواد والأنشطة فيها تترتب على الأغنية والتصفيق والعلامات والتعزيم، حتى يسهل على الطلاب ذكرها وحفظها.

ويجتذب بحثها في الدورة أوشيان والطلاب فيها أكثرهم في سن الكبار، وإن اختلاف الطلاب يطلب إلى الإستراتيجية المختلفة. وكانت طريقة تمييز ملونة بالهيئات الطفولية لا يليق تقديمها إلى الطلاب الكبار، بل يحتاج تقديمها إليهم إلى شخصية المدرس الخاصة لهاكي يسمحون للأغنية وما عداها في تمييز.

وكان هذا البحث هو البحث الوصفي بالمدخل الكيفي. ويجمع فيه البيانات نحو ملاحظة الميدان ومقابلة الأفراد وملاحظة الوثائق. وأما أسلوب تحليل البيانات فهو على ما أثبته ميلس وهوبرمان (Miles &Huberman).

وأما نتائج البحث المستفادة بها: 1) مواصفات تعليم القواعد بطريقة تمييز تتكون من الأهداف التربوية التي تهدف إلى قدرة الطلاب لترجمة القرآن، ولكنه لا على الترجمة المفهمة بل الأنسب أن يذكر فهم معاني القرآن. ثم الإجراءات مثل الأغنية والعلامات والتعزيم والتطبيق لترجمة القرآن التي تساعد الطلاب لإتقان المواد وحفظها. ثم المحتوى الذي يترتب على شكل ميسر للحفظ وللفهم ووجد فيه أنواع الاختلافات بينه والقواعد السلفية التي جائت للتيسير. 2) وأما الأثر الإيجابي لهذا التعليم فهو 1) اثبات الفكرة؛ بأن القواعد هي المادة السهلة 2) قدرة الطلاب القيام بالتعليم بعد تمام درسهم 3) تعلم القواعد الميسر 4) فهم معاني القرآن في مستقبل الطلاب.
تعليم مفردات اللغة العربية باستخدام بطاقة كوباكو لطلاب الصف الثالث
Authors: Rahman Habibur -
Published: June 2020

إن المفردات هي العنصر المهم من عناصر اللغة العربية في تنمية كفاءة الطلاب اللغوية. تعد تنمية الثروة اللفظية هدفا من أهداف أي خطة لتعليم اللغة الأجنبية وخصوصا اللغة العربية. ذلك أن المفردات هي أدوات حمل المعنى كما أنها في ذات الوقت وسائل للتفكير.

قد إستخدم الباحث البحث النوعى على مدخال الوصفي في المدرسة الإبتدائية نورالحسان جارين فادموا باميكاسان. وقد دلت نتيجة هذا البحث على أن تعليم مفردات اللغة العربية باستخدام بطاقة كوباكو يجري على الطرق التدريس المتنوعة، أن استخدام بطاقة كوباكو بمدرسة نور الحسن في الصف الثالث يوافق مع النظاريات في تعليم المفردات اللغة العربية للمبتدئين من ناحية تطبيقها. و الطريقة المستخدمة فيها هي الطريقة المباشرة، الطريقة القرائة والحركة، و الطريقة السمعية-الشفوية، و الطريقة الأسئلة والأجوبة، والطريقة / أساليب الألعاب، والطريقة التغني و الطريقة الترجمة.

و أن باستخدام بطاقة كوباكو بمدرسة نور الحسن يستطيع المدرس لترقية دافية الطلاب و يستطيع أن يعطي الإستجابة الإجابية في تعليم المفردات لدى الطلاب. على سبيل المثال، هم مجتهدون تعلمهم حتى يكون عندهم السهلة والفرح والسرور في التعليم. وباستخدام بطاقة كوباكو وأنواع الطرق التعليمية المستخدمة فيها، كل من الطلاب يبلغ المعيار الكفائية المطلوبة و المستهدفة في تعليم المفردات في هذه المدرسة التي قد عيّن المدرس فيها، أي في كلمة آخر باستخدام هذه البطاقة يستطيع لترقية نتاج التعلم أو استيعابهم في تعليم المفردات.
MENUMBUHKAN KARAKTER BUDAYA BUGIS-MAKASSAR DI KALANGAN MAHASISWA: PENERAPAN STRATEGI DAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI DALAM PERKULIAHAN
Authors: Sumilih Dimas Ario
Published: June 2020

Mahasiswa perlu dididik, dibimbing, dan diarahkan untuk menjadi insan yang mampu secara mandiri menyelesaikan masalah hidupnya, bahkan diharapkan pula dapat memberikan konstribusi bagi tumbuh dan berkembangnya masyarakat. Mahasiswa merupakan generasi penerus yang harus disemai pertumbuhannya dengan baik, khususnya di kampus dengan gaya hidup dan pola akademik. Dosen memiliki peran yang utama dan pokok dalam membangun karakter mahasiswa sehingga harapan-harapannya dapat tercapai dan terwujud. Karakter yang dibangun tumbuh dan berkembang dari karakter budaya bangsa yang merupakan jatidiri. Nilai budaya Bugis-Makassar diyakini sebagai salah satu khasanah kebudayaan nasional yang memiliki nilai adi luhur. Karakter budaya Bugis-Makassar harus tumbuh dan berkembangan di kalangan mahasiswa. Pola interaksi dosen dan mahasiswa dapat didesain dan dirancang dalam persiapan perkuliahan menggunakan strategi dan metode pembelajaran tertentu. Metode pembelajaran inkuiri dapat menjadi solusi untuk menumbuhkan karakter tersebut.
KONFLIK MANDAR DENGAN BELANDA PADA 1862
Authors: Amir Muhammad
Published: June 2020

Artikel ini bertujuan mengungkapkan dan menjelaskan latar belakang dan pasang surut konflik antara Mandar dengan pemerintah kolonial Belanda. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah metode sejarah, yakni menjelaskan suatu persoalan berdasarkan perspektif sejarah. Prosedurnya melalui empat tahap, yaitu heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi, dan historiografi dalam bentuk kisah. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa konflik dilatari oleh tuntutan ganti rugi atas sejumlah tindakan perompakan yang dilakukan oleh penduduk Mandar. Selain itu, konflik juga dilatari oleh campur tangan pemerintah kolonial Belanda terhadap urusan dalam negeri kerajaan-kerajaan di Mandar, terutama konflik internal di kalangan ana’ pattola payung (para pewaris tahta). Hal inilah yang mendasari pemerintah kolonial Belanda melancarkan agresi militer terhadap kerajaan-kerajaan di Mandar pada 1862. Meskipun Mandar memberikan perlawanan atas serangan militer itu, mereka harus mengakui keunggulan pasukan militer Belanda dan menerima tuntutan pemerintah kolonial. Untuk meyelesaikan konflik tersebut dilakukan pembaruan kontrak politik pada tanggal 6 Desember 1862 yang dampaknya amat merugikan bagi kerajaan-kerajaan di Mandar.
GAE DALAM KEHIDUPAN NELAYAN MANDAR DI PAMBUSUANG SULAWESI BARAT
Authors: Bahri Syamsul
Published: June 2020

Gae dalam kehidupan nelayan Mandar merupakan alat tangkap yang familiar karena diprediksi sebagai sebuah karya budaya nelayan Mandar di kalangan nelayan Pambusuang, sebuah wilayah yang penduduknya dominan mencari nafkah dengan melaut, di samping usaha di sektor lain. Gae mampu membentuk kelompok atau organisasi kerja karena dalam mengoperasikannya membutuhkan tenaga kerja yang lebih banyak, maksimal 14 orang dan minimal 11 orang, dibanding penggunaan beberapa alat tangkap lainnya yang hanya melibatkan satu sampai dua orang. Dengan gae, terbentuk struktur, yaitu ponggawa dan sawi yang masing-masing bekerja sesuai tugasnya, misalnya: sebagai pemimpin dengan pengetahuannya, sebagai juru mudi, sebagai pelepas dan penarik jarring, dan item-item pekerjaan lainnya. Gae dioperasikan dengan cara melingkar pada area pemasangan rumpon, sehingga disebut pukat cincing. Gae hadir dengan tiga komponen utama, yaitu jaring sebagai perangkap, kapal motor sebagai sarana angkutan, dan rumpon sebagai area penebaran. Penggunaan gae tidak dapat dipisahkan dengan kepemilikan bekal pengetahuan tradisional, terutama ponggawa yang posisinya bertanggungjawab penuh saat melaut. Metode penjaringan data menggunakan teknik pengamatan, wawancara mendalam (depth interview), dan studi dokumentasi.
INTEGRASI ORANG MELAYU DI TAKALAR (XVI-XVII)
Authors: Rismawidiawati Rismawidiawati
Published: June 2020

Persamaan budaya yang dimiliki oleh orang Melayu dan Bugis-Makassar tak hanya melahirkan potensi perekat, tetapijuga memunculkan potensi yang dapat merenggangkan hubungan keduanya. Oleh karena itu, potensi perekatnya harus segera digali sebagai sesuatu yang tidak lahir begitu saja, melainkan telah melewati dimensi waktu yang menciptakan sejarah tersendiri di antara keduanya. Keduanya saling berinteraksi dan berintegrasi. Untuk itu, tujuan utama tulisan ini adalah mendeskripsikan proses integrasi orang Melayu dalam menyesuaikan diri dengan lingkungan baru, yaitu di daerah Sanrobone, Takalar. Dengan menggunakan metodologi sejarah, tulisan ini membuktikan bahwa perkawinan merupakan cara efektif yang dijalani oleh orang Melayu dalam rangka berintegrasi dan berbaur dengan penduduk lokal. Dari perkawinan tersebut,lahir gelaran baru bagi keturunan mereka yang disebut Incek, perkawinan campuran periode berikutnya disebut tubaji, dan selanjutnya dalam berintegrasi dengan adanya mereka diberi gelar Makassar yang disebut paddaengang.
PERAN PAPPALELE PADA MASYARAKAT NELAYAN DI DESA TAMASAJU KABUPATEN TAKALAR
Authors: Raodah Raodah
Published: June 2020

Masyarakat nelayan di Desa Tamasaju mengenal pappalele sebagai pemilik modal sekaligus sebagai pemimpin dalam kelompok nelayan, anggotanya terdiri atas pinggawa dan beberapa orang sawi. Status pappalele diperoleh seseorang karena perannya dalam memodali usaha penangkapan ikan dan menyediakan segala kebutuhan kelompok nelayan, mulai dari perahu, kapal, mesin, alat tangkap, hingga biaya operasional selama melaut. Hubungan kerja sama yang melibatkan pencari ikan dengan pappalele mengacu pada norma-norma sosial yang disepakati bersama. Perjanjian kerja dilakukan secara lisan, tanpa saksi, dan tanpa batasan waktu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan memahami peran pappalele pada masyarakat nelayan di Desa Tamasaju. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriftif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui pengamatan, wawancara dan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pappalele mempunyai beberapa peran dalam aktivitas kenelayanan, meliputi peran dalam lembaga ekonomi nelayan di Tempat Pelelangan Ikan (TPI), peran dalam pemasaran hasil tangkapan nelayan, peran sebagai pemimpin kelompok nelayan, dan peran dalam pembagian hasil kerja sama.
Estados contables de los partidos políticos como instrumento para la efectiva transparencia y accountability en la rendición de cuentas electorales
Authors: Teixeira Juedir Viana , Costa Correa Matheus , Ramos Lamenha Artur Angelo , Santos Correia de Melo João Vinicius
Published: June 2020

Este artículo tiene como fin presentar la importancia de la evidencia contable en la responsabilidad y transparencia de las cuentas de los partidos políticos, sobre todo en relación a la rendición de cuentas de la utilización de los recursos del fondo partidario. Como pregunta de investigación se tiene: Cuentas y candidatos con situación irregular y grupos de partidos políticos mediante los estados contables ¿presentan una relación con la distribución del fondo partidario y requeriría de una mayor accountability? Para tal problema se estableció como objetivo general verificar la necesidad de la elaboración de estados contables más precisos y confiables para la promoción de la transparencia, y como objetivos específicos, discutir la legislación bajo el punto de vista contable, así como comprender el impacto de la elaboración parcial de los estados en lo que respecta a las cuentas juzgadas como irregulares y a grupos de partidos políticos de acuerdo a la difusión de sus estados. Para ello, se utilizó la investigación bibliográfica, documental y estadística para el análisis e interpretación de los datos extraídos del Tribunal de Cuentas, de los Tribunales Electorales y de la Legislación sobre el tema.
Se concluye que existe una correlación positiva entre el número de cuentas irregulares, el número de personas con una rendición irregular de cuentas y grupos de partidos políticos con la distribución del fondo partidario y que la legislación específica de rendición de cuentas electorales, así como las normas del Consejo Federal de Contabilidad, pueden permitir una mejor transparencia y control social con prácticas de Accountability / Responsabilidad mediante los estados Contables.
Knowledge and Belief towards Infertility among Undergraduate Students of Selected Colleges of Pokhara Metropolitan City
Authors: Dhungana Alisha , Jnawali Kalpana
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Infertility is the global public health problem with adverse social and economic consequences. World Health Organization states that infertility affects 1 in every 10 couples worldwide. This study was carried out with an objective to find out the level of knowledge and belief regarding infertility among undergraduate students.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional and quantitative study, carried out among 420 undergraduate students of 7 selected colleges of Pokhara Metropolitan city from July to September 2019. Study populations were selected through simple random sampling method. Data collection was carried out using self-administered questionnaire.

Results: Study revealed that 51.9% students had good level of knowledge with the female students having greater knowledge (57%) than male (48%). The study found that students’ knowledge score related to infertility was significantly associated with gender (p<0.05) and parental advices (p<0.05).

Conclusions: More than half of the participants had good level of knowledge. Female students were more knowledgeable than male students. Less than half of the participants had ever attended on sexual and reproductive training programs.
Quality of Life of Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Pokhara Metropolitan, Kaski, Nepal: a Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
Authors: Neupane Hema Raj , Bhandari Tulsi Ram
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing globally. Quality of Life is a multi-dimensional and recognized as an important outcome of health, representing the ultimate goal of all healthcare interventions. The study assessed the quality of life and its associated factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Methods: A community-based cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among the 184 type 2 diabetes patients of Pokhara Metropolitan, Kaski district using consecutive sampling technique. Data were collected through interviewer administrative questionnaire. Diabetes-39 tool was adopted to assess quality of life of type 2 diabetes patients. Ethical approval was taken from the Instiutional Review Committee of Pokhara University. Chi-square test was used to identify the association between independent variables and quality of life. Multivariate analyses was done to identify the influence of family type, occupation, International Wealth Index with quality of life.

Results: More than half (51.6%) of the participants were of age group of 40–60 years with a mean age of 56 years ± 11. More than two-thirds (69%) of the participants had a good quality of life. Anxiety and worries dimension had the highest mean score (Mean 46.95±21.14) of QoL among five dimension. Family types, occupation, respondent income, IWI, the time duration of exercise per day and seriousness in illness were found significantly associated with QoL (p <0.05).

Conclusions: Most of the participants had good quality of life among diabetic patients. Family types, occupation, respondent income, IWI, the time duration of exercise per day, seriousness in illness, are the predictors of QoL of types 2 diabetes patients. Emphasis should be given on raising awareness, involving regular physical activities, promoting social support and avoiding alcohol & tobacco use to improve QoL in diabetes.
Indirect Cost of Institutional Delivery under Safe Motherhood Program in Pokhara Metropolitan
Authors: Timilsina Purnima , Gahatraj Nand Ram
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Cost analysis can be an important element and it help to sort out important economic issues. The economic constraint is one of the factors that hinder service utilization among rural women attending urban health although there is Maternal Incentive Scheme, households often have to pay a too large share of the indirect costs of maternity services, or do not seek care because of it.

Methods: Cross sectional study design which is community based with quantitative method were used for this study to assess the indirect cost of institutional delivery under safe motherhood program in Pokhara Metropolitan from Jan 2019 to June 2019. Study population were the mothers who delivered at health facilities having safe motherhood program within the 6 months preceding the survey. Probability Proportional to size sampling method was adopted with face to face interview among the care takers of mothers. Reliability and validity was maintained by applying different strategies carefully developing tools, pretesting, double entry and validation. Data entry, management and analysis was done with Epi Data and SPSS (20 version) Software.

Results: In this study majority more than half (54.4%) of the mothers were between 25-34 years. Majority of the participants were male and nearly half of the respondents were belonged to Janajatis (51.5%). More than one fourth (29.6%) of the mothers were from the highest quintile. Median expenditure for indirect cost was NRs 4900 which ranges from NRs 500 to NRs 47000.

Conclusions: From the study we can conclude that existing Aama Surakshya Program can save only a few expenditure of mothers there should need to review this demand side financing scheme and also need to address the main barriers for service utilization i.e. indirect cost of institutional delivery.
Contributing Factors of Substance Abuse among Secondary Level School Students in Bharatpur Metropolitan
Authors: Gurung Alisha , Kaphle Hari Prasad
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Substance abuse is harmful or hazardous use of psychoactive substance including alcohol and illicit drugs. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and contributing factors for substance abuse among secondary school level students in Bharatpur Metropolitan.

Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out among 495 students of grade 11 and 12 in secondary school setting in Bharatpur metropolitan from June to December, 2019. Data were collected using self-administered anonymous questionnaire. Chi-square test was performed to find out the association between dependent and independent variables and crude odd ratio was obtained to measure the strength of association.

Results: The result of the study showed that 18.8% participants were currently involving in substance abuse. Alcohol was found to be most commonly abused substance by participants. Substance abuse was significantly associated with male students (OR=11.903, 95% CI: 6.395-22.157), high monthly household income abuse (OR=1.709, 95% CI: 1.085-2.691), time spent on internet more than one hour per day (OR=2.401, 95% CI: 1.388-4.153), no control over internet by others (OR= 2.578, 95% CI: 1.574-4.224), management students (OR= 1.678, 95% CI: 1.011-2.286), absence school more than 4 days in a month (OR= 2.401, 95% CI: 1.338-4.153), students living with others than family members (OR= 2.577, 95% CI: 1.339-4.958), substance abuser in family (OR= 2.701, 95% CI: 1.667-4.377), sibling abuse substances (OR= 4.757, 95% CI:1.467-15.248), substance abuser in close friend circle (OR= 11.204, 95% CI: 6.693-4.18.755), friends insisted/enforced to take substances (OR= 2.978, 95% CI: 1.409-6.294), substance abuser in neighborhood (OR= 2.866, 95% CI:1.777-4.621)  and stressful events (OR= 2.434, 95% CI: 1.130-5.243).

Conclusion: The study concluded that various socio-demographic, socio economic, technological, educational, environmental and psychological factors play significant role in substance abuse among secondary school students. It is recommended to observe and monitor activities of adolescents regularly, provide a suitable and supportive environment to adolescents and provide school, community and health facility based awareness, counselling and problem solving approaches for adolescents to solve the problem of substance abuse.
α-Amylase Inhibition, Antioxidant Activity and Phytochemical Analysis of Calotropis gigantea (L.) Dryand
Authors: Gyawali Rajendra , Bhattarai Bijay , Bajracharya Susan , Bhandari Surakshya , Bhetwal Puja , Bogati Kanchan , Neupane Shardul , Shrestha Sahana , Shrestha Ashwinee Kumar , Joshi Rajendra , Paudel Prem Narayan
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Antioxidant and α-Amylase inhibitory activity of methanolic extract of Calotropis gigantea (L.) Dryand leaves were evaluated.

Methods: The antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH assay. The extract was fractionated in Silica gel loaded column chromatography (CC). All fractions were evaluated for their purity by TLC. Out of 11 fractions from CC, one fraction was analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS).

Results: The antioxidant activity of methanolic extract was found satisfactory (IC50268.80 µg/ml) as compared with ascorbic acid (141.82 µg/ml). TLC of a fractions showed a compound at Rf value at 0.45 in toluene: chloroform: methanol with mobile phase ratio 7:2:1 respectively.

Conclusions: Total 17 compounds were identified by GC-MS of ethyl acetate fraction and 5-hydroxyl methyl furfural was major furan compound (59.49%). α-Amylase inhibitory activity of the same fraction showed IC50 value of 0.94 mg/ ml. The Nepalese originated C. gigentea (L.) Dryand possesses antioxidant and α-Amylase inhibitory property.
ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF TECHNOLOGICAL METHODS OF GROWING OF SWITCHGRASS
Authors: Mazur Viktor , Branitskyi Yurii , Mazur Oleksandr
Published: June 2020

The article presents economic assessment of technological methods of cultivation of switchgrass. The most effective technologic activities to ensure maximum growth yield of dry biomass of switchgrass and the highest econonomic efficiency. The highest efficiency was obtained at the variant where there have been two pre-cultivation before and after the rolling ladder. The varieties Сave-in-rock and Сarthage the third and fourth years the farming cost of production from the realization of biomass in this variant amounted to 11,875 and 15,390; 9,595 and 13,870 UAH/ha, and profit from sales of products – 4,157 and 7,381; 1,974 and 5,950 UAH/ha and profitability of Cave-in-rock – 92,2 and Сarthage – 75.1 per cent in the fourth year of vegetation. A high level of profitability obtained on the variant, where conducted, only two pre-cultivation the varieties of millet lozovenko the fourth year of vegetation: Cave-in-rock – of 87.0 and Сarthage was 69.2%. The cultivation of plants during second year of vegetation was not effective, the level of profitability at grades Сarthage from 25,6 to -43,3% and cave-in-rock from -12,6 to -36,7%. The highest indicators of economic efficiency were obtained in the variant with row-spacing width of 45 cm from plant switchgrass third and fourth year of cultivation. The varieties Cave-in-rock and Сarthage the cost from the sale of biomass amounted to 12635 and 15675; 7885 and 13870 UAH/ha, and profit from sales of products – 4844 and 7553; 493 and 5950 UAH/ha profitability of millet varieties depended primarily on year of vegetation, width of row spacing and varietal characteristics. The highest level of profitability obtained from varieties of millet the fourth year of vegetation with a width between rows 45 cm – 75.1% in the variety Cartage and 93.0% of the varieties cave-in-rock. A lower level of profitability obtained for the variant in terms of 2017, where inter-row spacing was 30 cm from millet varieties cave-in-rock – 73,6% and Cartage – 50.5 per cent.
Key words: switchgrass, row spacing, pre-sowing soil.
Lise Öğrencilerinin İnternet Bağımlılık Seviyelerinin Genel Akademik Başarıları ve Devamsızlık Durumları ile İlişkisi
Authors: TEKIN Oguzhan
Published: June 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı, lise öğrencilerinin internet
bağımlılık seviyelerini belirlemek ve internet bağımlılık seviyelerinin
öğrencilerin genel akademik başarı ortalamaları ve devamsızlık durumları ile
ilişkisini incelemektir. İlişkisel tarama modelindeki araştırmanın örneklemini
Tokat ili Merkez ilçede amaçsal örneklem ile seçilmiş 220 dokuzuncu ve onuncu
sınıf öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri "İnternet
Bağımlılık Ölçeği" ve "Kişisel Bilgi Formu" ile toplanmış ve
öğrencilerin genel akademik not ortalamaları ile devamsızlık durumları Milli
Eğitim Bakanlığının e-okul sisteminden tedarik edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde
internet bağımlılık oranları için frekans ve yüzde, aritmetik ortalama,
standart sapma; cinsiyet değişkeni için t testi, internet bağımlılığı
seviyelerinin genel akademik başarı ortalamaları ve devamsızlık durumları ile
ilişkisini incelemek için de korelasyon analizinden faydalanılmıştır. Verilerin
analizinde anlamlılık seviyesi .05 olarak alınmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre;
lise öğrencilerinin %25.91'i internet bağımlısı, %38.18'i muhtemel bağımlı ve
%34.91'i bağımlı olmayan profilinde olduğu ortaya konmuştur. Bulgulara göre,
ortaöğretim öğrencilerinin internet bağımlılık puanları internet erişim süresi
ve amacına göre değişmekte; cinsiyetlerine göre anlamlı bir farklılık
göstermemektedir. Ayrıca araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin internet bağımlılık
puanları ile genel akademik başarı ortalamaları arasında negatif yönde anlamlı
bir ilişki olduğu ve internet bağımlılık puanları ile devamsızlık durumları
arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu ortaya konmuştur. Araştırma
sonuçlarına göre; araştırmaya katılan ortaöğretim öğrencilerinin önemli
bir bölümünün (%64.09) internet bağımlısı veya bağımlılık sınırında olduğu
ve öğrencilerin internet bağımlılık puanları arttıkça genel akademik başarı
ortalamalarının düştüğü ve okula devamsızlıklarının arttığı görülmüştür.
2018 Biyoloji Öğretmenliği Lisans Programının Öğretmen Görüşlerine Göre İncelenmesi
Authors: KARAKAYA Ferhat , ADIGÜZEL Merve , ÇİMEN Osman , YILMAZ Mehmet
Published: June 2020

Bilginin hızla yaygınlaşması, ülkelerin eğitim, sosyal, siyasi, ekonomik ve toplumsal konularda köklü değişlikler yapmaya zorlamaktadır. Bu değişiklikler, beraberinde nitelikli insan yetiştirme zorunluluğunu ortaya çıkarmıştır. Eğitim ekosistemimizde öğretmenin rolünün çok önemli ve hassas bir noktada olduğunu söyleyebiliriz. Nitekim “Eğitim 2023 Vizyonu” ve “MEB Öğretmen Yeterlikleri” raporunda öğretmenin eğitim sistemi içerisindeki önemi vurgulanmıştır. Bu araştırmada, Biyoloji Öğretmenliği Lisans Programına yönelik biyoloji öğretmenlerinin görüşlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan durum çalışması kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, 2018-2019 eğitim öğretim döneminde Türkiye’nin farklı illerinde aktif görev yapmakta olan 44 biyoloji öğretmeninden oluşmaktadır. Verilerin toplanmasında araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, betimsel istatistik değerleri olan yüzde ve frekans hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca örnek öğretmen görüşleri sunulmuştur. Araştırma bulgularına göre, biyoloji alan ders/laboratuvar saatlerinin azalması, ders/laboratuvar içeriklerinin birleştirilmesi ve bazı ders/laboratuvarların kaldırılmasının biyoloji öğretmen adaylarının alan bilgisini olumsuz etkileyeceğini düşünülmektedir. Sonuç olarak, lisans eğitiminde aldıkları eğitim kalitesi biyoloji öğretmen adaylarının mesleki gelişimleri ve öğretmenlik mesleği yeterliklerinin gelişmesi için vazgeçilmez bir unsurdur. Bu nedenle lisans programlarının alan bilgisine yönelik daraltılması yerine derinleştirilmesi gerekmektedir.
Öğretmen Adaylarının Bir Matematik Öğretmeni Olarak Kendilerine ve Matematiği Öğrenen Öğrenciye Yönelik İmajları
Authors: UYSAL Funda , KORKMAZ Hunkar
Published: June 2020

Tarama deseniyle yürütülen bu araştırmanın amacı hizmet öncesi öğretmen adaylarının bir matematik öğretmeni olarak kendilerine ve matematiği öğrenen öğrenciye yönelik imajlarını incelemektedir. Araştırmaya 424 hizmet öncesi öğretmen adayı katılmıştır. Verileri toplamak projektif bir test olan çizim testi kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde temalar ve kodlar belirlenmiş, frekans ve yüzdelere yer verilmiştir. Kendilerini matematik öğretmeni olarak hayal ettikleri çizimlerinde matematik öğretmeninin en çok ders anlattığını, öğrencilerin en çok ders dinlediğini ifade etmişlerdir. En az, matematik öğretmeninin olumsuz duyguya sahip olduğu ve sınav yaptığını; matematiği öğrenen öğrencilerin derse ilgisiz ya da sınav olduğunu ifade etmişlerdir. Matematik öğretmeninin çoğunlukla güleryüzlü, ayakta olduğu ve yazı tahtalarına daha çok dört işlem ifadelerini yazdığını gösteren çizimler yapmışlardır. Matematiği öğrenen öğrencilerin çoğunlukla sıralarında olduğunu göstermişlerdir. Bu çalışmanın bulgularının matematik programları, matematik eğitimi, öğretmen eğitimi ve imajlar konusunda çalışma yapacak olan araştırmacılara, eğitimcilere ve politika yapıcılara katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Zihin Gezinmesi Ölçeklerinin Türkçeye Uyarlanması: Bir Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: SEZGİN Sevgi , YÜKSEL Galip
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı bireylerin zihin gezinmelerinin ölçülmesine yönelik üç ayrı ölçeği, lise öğrencilerinin zihin gezinmelerinin ölçülmesinde kullanılmak üzere Türkçeye uyarlamaktır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2019-2020 öğretim yılında Ankara ilinde sınavsız öğrenci alan resmi Anadolu liselerinde okuyan 254 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Ölçeklerin yapı geçerliğinin doğrulanması amacıyla doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) ve açımlayıcı faktör analizi (AFA) kullanılmış ve ayrışım geçerliği için de dikkati düzenleyebilme alt ölçeği ile korelasyonları hesaplanmıştır. Ölçümlerin güvenirliğinin belirlenmesinde ise Cronbach alfa iç tutarlık katsayıları ve Spearman-Brown iki yarı test korelasyonları incelenmiştir. DFA ve AFA sonuçları Zihin Gezinmesi Ölçeği (ZGÖ), Zihnin İstemli Gezinmesi Ölçeği (ZİGÖ) ve Zihnin İstemsiz Gezinmesi Ölçeği’nin (ZİZGÖ) orijinal formlarındaki tek faktörlü yapılarının doğrulanması için yeterli bulgulara ulaşıldığını göstermiştir. Ölçek toplam puanlarının dikkati düzenleyebilme alt ölçeğinin toplam puanlarıyla yaptığı korelasyonlar ise sırasıyla -.71, -.28 ve -.70 olmuştur. Güvenirlik için hesaplanan iç tutarlık katsayıları sırasıyla ZGÖ’de .75, ZİGÖ’de .75 ve ZİZGÖ’de ise .89 gibi kabul edilebilir düzeylerdedir. Ölçeklerin iki yarı test korelasyonları ise sırasıyla .71, .72 ve .86 olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak araştırmanın bulguları bu ölçeklerin lise öğrencilerinin zihin gezinmesini ölçmek için büyük ölçüde kabul edilebilir psikometrik özelikler gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur.
ANALYSIS OF BOILER BLOW DOWN PROCESS, AIR INGRESS IN CONDENSER AND EFFECT OF COAL MOISTURE IN 210 MW THERMAL POWER PLANT USING SIM SIMULATOR
Authors: Chhowala Mehul , Patel Rahul , Patel Jaydeep
Published: June 2020

The Thermal Power plant contributes major proportion of installed capability in global power generation system as well as in Indian power generation systems. Therefore, achieving an optimal operation for the same, by conducting parametric study and optimizing few parameters which has a noticeable effect on the power generation may prove beneficial for plant efficiency. The simulation has been the tool for optimal operation and control of different variables in power plant. In addition, it
also provides hands on experience to the trainee so that, they can have a better exposure of control room. In this part of the study, for the analysis purpose the SIM simulator (Standard Power Plant simulator) is being used which is comprehensive, dynamic and has a multi-fuel running ability employed with tandem-compound steam turbine-generator which is designed to operate at 210 MW. Moreover, it is also characterized by disturbances and malfunction features along with monitoring
provision, which assists in parametric study and generates results in form of graphical representation to predict the effect of parameter on performance of power plant. Currently three parameters are chosen for further study. The effect of blow down process, Air leakage in condenser and coal
moisture are selected.
SUSTAINABILITY IN ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
Authors: Bhat M Afzal , Veshviker Devanshu , Bhat Kevin , Shah Sagar , AA Shaikh
Published: June 2020

Additive Manufacturing (AM) opens new opportunities for the economy and the society and the global market of this technology is growing rapidly. However, quality assurance remains the main barrier for a broader integration of AM in the industrial sector. Most quality-related problems of AM are caused by uncontrolled variations in the production chain. By identifying the key controlling parameters or the Key Characteristics (KC) and introducing the proper process control protocol for these parameters, the effect of these variations can be limited and expensive monitoring, rework, repair and quality-related problems can often be avoided. The work presented in this paper reviews the recent literature related to sustainability in AM and proposes a new approach into how the key
characteristics, which are normally used to reduce variations in production, can give an insight to a sustainable AM.
DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF EVACUATED BOX SOLAR COLLECTOR
Authors: Tandel Daksh R , Jain Ashish O
Published: June 2020

By looking at the scarcity of fossil fuel and its polluting nature, there is a need to find out,
other sources of energy for different application. For solar cooking and steam generation application, different solar collectors are there but its use is limited and it is not commercially accepted so it becomes necessary to find some alternate way of heating in solar cooker. So, in this work one solar collector is developed and tested for maximum temperature achieved and finally its feasibility for solar cooker application is checked.
A New Concept of GPU-Accelerated On-Board Visual System for Aerial Vehicles
Authors: Yevhenii (Eugene) A. SHKVAR  , Zhechen Dai  , Shi-ju E  , Jian Cheng Cai
Published: June 2020

As technology advances, the level of intellectual ability and autonomy of the electronic-mechanical control system of modern aircrafts and spacecrafts is constantly growing, which helps to reduce the crew load and accident rate. But these helpful controlling systems are not perfect, under some unfavorable circumstances they get stuck or start to function unpredictably when faced with a much more complicated real situation than the developers expected, sometimes even lead to crashes. The concept of visual multichannel processing support of aircraft/spacecraft launch and landing as an additional element of automatic control loop for flight safety and reliability improvement is proposed and its advantages, feasibility and expediency are discussed and evaluated. The visual analyzers are very typical for the overwhelming majority of highly organized organisms (humans, animals, insects) as the most informative source of control of movement parameters, so they potentially can effectively improve the reliability of the entire embedded vehicle controlling system and, at the same time, their principal structure, implementation and further functioning are very similar and universal for real flight operation of different vehicles, which opens up great prospects for their application in engineering based on modern revolutionary achievements in the field of methodology and computational technologies for pattern recognition. In particular, it was shown that the required for real vehicles accuracy and productivity can be reached in case of developing the visual multichannel system, as an additional source of flight state information, on the base of NVIDIA Jetson embedded portable low power consuming Graphics processing unit (GPU)-accelerated massively parallel computational platform, providing CUDA and Artificial Intelligence data processing in real-time mode.
Evaluasi Kinerja Portofolio Dengan Indeks Treynor Pada Portofolio Optimal Dan Portofolio Acak Di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Efflan Jourdan Septiansyah
Published: June 2020

This study aims to determine the composition of the optimal portfolio using a single index model, determine the composition of the random portfolio using naive diversification, then evaluate the performance of the portfolio formed using the Treynor index. This study uses monthly stock closing price data listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the research period of August 2016 to July 2018. The optimal portfolio formed using a single index model consists of 40 shares, while a random portfolio consists of 10 shares. The results of the Treynor portfolio performance evaluation show that the optimal portfolio formed by the single index model method has better portfolio performance than the random portfolio.