bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“MEYORU-Т-TADOYYUN” AS RELIGIOUS AND MORAL SOURCE
Authors: NAIMOV Ismat
Published: December 2021

In the second half of the 19th century, marked by intensive scientific researches, the educator and encyclopedist Ahmad Donish left behind a rich scientific legacy, particularly his work Me’yoru-t-tadoyun, which to this day remains poorly studied. Even though the name of this work is known to the scientific community, few people are still familiar with its content. The article analyzes the religious and moral factors that caused the creation of the work Me’yoru-t-tadoyun, the recommendations of Ahmad Donish regarding the coverage of the history of world religions, and the rights of representatives of different religions to consider their beliefs as the only true ones. Ahmad Donish proposed a series of large-scale reforms in the Bukhara Emirate. These reforms assumed the coverage of a complex of political, economic, and social problems of the country, which would contribute to the establishment of mutual respect and peaceful coexistence of citizens of the Bukhara Emirate, belonging to various religious beliefs. In his work, Ahmad Donish turned to the scientific heritage of his forerunners to strengthen the correctness of his ideas. The sources for it were such works as the works of Sheikh Fariddin Attor (Tazkiratu-l-avliya), Mavlono Jami (Nafatahul-uns), Sarvi Bustani and his Tadilu-l-mizan, considered to be the edition of Mizanu-l-Haq, Mizanu-l-mavazin by Abdullah Mashhadi, Nasikhatu-l-muminin by Hafiz Gulom Halim Dehlevi, Rabboniilikni anglash (Understanding the Rabbinic ) by Abdulqadyr Gelani, including Kimiyoi Saodat and Imam Ghazali, such religious and moralistic works as Kanzu-lirfon and Hadisi Qudsi. The content of the work traces the influence of the philosophical views of Abu Nasr Farabi on the formation of the religious and moral ideas of Ahmad Donish. The author of the article, outlining his thoughts about the meaning of «Me’yoru-t-tadoiyun» for the present, emphasizes and gives several convincing examples confirming the importance of this work for ensuring interreligious harmony of tolerance, resolving mutual contradictions between different religions. The author ends the article with scientific conclusions about the meaning and role of the studied work «Me’yoru-t-tadoyun» in the education of modern youth and in explaining the essence of the true doctrine of Islam.
Effect of Trianthema triquetra Rottl. ex Willed (Aizoaceae) on ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in experimental rats
Authors:   Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore-54000, Punjab, Pakistan, Ijaz Hira , Ishtiaq Saiqa ,   Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore-54000, Punjab, Pakistan, Rubab Faryal ,   Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore-54000, Punjab, Pakistan, Munir Ans ,   Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore-54000, Punjab, Pakistan
Published: December 2021

Trianthema triquetra Rottl. Ex.Willed (T. triquetra) is a medicinal plant that belongs to the family Aizoaceae. The plant has been used traditionally as fodder, as a remedy for chronic ulcer, fever, and healing wounds. Therefore, the present study was intended to investigate the anti-ulcer ability of different fractions of T. triquetra to verify its folklore use in ulcer cure. Acute oral toxicity of all the fractions of T. triquetra was evaluated at a dose of 2g/kg b.wt. Anti-ulcer potential of nbutanol (TTB), chloroform (TTC), ethyl acetate (TTEA) and aqueous (TTA) fraction of crude methanolic extract of T. triquetra was assessed by using ethanol- induced gastric ulcer model in rats. Omeprazole at a dose of 20 mg/kg b.wt. was used as standard drug. After 1 hour of administration of all the fractions of T. triquetra, at a dosage of 300mg/kg b.wt., the gastric ulcer was induced in all animals by administering absolute ethanol (1mL/animal) orally except normal control group. After an hour, all the rats were sacrificed. Ulcer index, % age of ulcer inhibition, gastric pH, gastric volume, total acidity, gastric wall protein, gastric wall mucus and histopathology of the stomach wall of rats were assessed. All fractions of T. triquetra showed a substantial decrease in ulcer index and improvement in percentage inhibition compared to the disease control group. There was a rise in the amount of gastric wall mucus content, total protein content, gastric pH and a decrease in gastric volume and total acidity. Histopathological studies showed severe mucosal injury, leucocyte infiltration and edema in the disease control group compared to omeprazole and plant fractions treated animal groups. The present work encourages the conventional use of T. triquetra in the cure of ulcers.
Synthesis and structural characterizations of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane complexes with group IIA metals
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia, Albedair Lamia A.
Published: December 2021

Herein, this article aimed to investigate the tendency of tris(hydroxymethyl) aminomethane (THAM) to form stable complexes with group IIA metals. Four new colorless solid complexes of group IIA metals [Ba(II), Ca(II), Sr(II) and Mg(II)] with THAM were prepared and well characterized. The chemical reactions between group IIA metals and THAM were conducted by stoichiometry of 2:1 (Ligand: Metal ion) at 65 °C and pH of ~ 8.5. Under these conditions, the THAM molecule (C4H11NO3) was deprotonated and converted to the (C4H10NO3-; L-) chelate with the metal ions. The structures of these complexes were suggested by UV-visible, IR, Raman and 1H NMR spectroscopies and other physicochemical and analytical methods (elemental analysis, thermogravimetry, and SEM). The results shows that the general composition of the complexes obtained with Ba(II), Ca(II), Sr(II) and Mg(II) ions are [BaL2(H2O)2], [CaL2(H2O)2]·2H2O, [SrL2(H2O)2], and [MgL2(H2O)2]·4H2O, respectively, and in all complexes, the geometry was octahedral.
Antioxidant Activity and Combination Characteristics of Filtrates and Sargassum polycystum Seaweed Salt Residue
Authors:   Department of Aquatic Product Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Dramaga Campus of IPB, Agatis Street, Bogor 16680 West Java, INDONESIA, Nurjanah Nurjanah , Abdullah Asadatun ,   Department of Aquatic Product Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Dramaga Campus of IPB, Agatis Street, Bogor 16680 West Java, INDONESIA, Rahmadhani Amalia ,   Department of Aquatic Product Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Dramaga Campus of IPB, Agatis Street, Bogor 16680 West Java, INDONESIA, Seulalae Anggrei Viona ,   Department of Aquatic Product Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Dramaga Campus of IPB, Agatis Street, Bogor 16680 West Java, INDONESIA
Published: December 2021

Sargassum polycystum is a low-sodium salt raw material that met the dietary salt criteria, i.e., low Na: K ratio and NaCl content < 60%. This study aims to produce seaweed salt with high yield, dietary fiber content, and antioxidant activity according to the quality standard of dietary salt through a combination of the filtrate and salt extraction residue. The results showed that the produced S. polycystum brown seaweed salt had a mineral Na 96.97 mg/g and mineral K 247.59 mg/g. Na: K ratio of 0.39, NaCl content of 49.05%, and heavy metal residue below the Indonesian National Standard maximum standard for dietary salt. The levels of dietary fiber produced in salt samples 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1 were 34.41%, 40.16%, and 23.83%, respectively, and the iodine content (KIO3) of the control salt was 125.95 mg/kg. The antioxidant activity of seaweed salt 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) on salt K (seaweed salt without residue), residue, S1 (1:1), S2 (1:2) and S3 (2:1) was 26.41 ppm, 59.06 ppm, 12.29 ppm, 67.30 ppm and 87.50 ppm. Meanwhile, the antioxidant capacity of seaweed salt Cupric Reducing Antioxidant Capacity (CUPRAC) on K salt, residue, S1, S2 and S3 were 12.36, 19, 7.86, 8.52 and 12.27 μmol ascorbic acid/g extract, respectively. Therefore, it was concluded that increasing the yield and dietary fiber content in the seaweed salt production process is achievable by adding residues.
On some variations of dominating identification in graphs
Authors:   Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan, Fazil Muhammad , Hussain Iffat Fida ,   CASPAM, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan, Akbar Ateqa ,   CASPAM, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan, Ali Usman ,   CASPAM, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
Published: December 2021

In this study, we introduce the locating-dominating value and the location-domination polynomial of graphs and location-domination polynomials of some families of graphs were identified. Locatingdominating set of graph G is defined as the dominating set which locates all the vertices of G. And, location-domination number G is the minimum cardinality of a locating-dominating set in G.
An Easy Construction of Generalized Neighbor Designs in Minimal Circular Blocks
Authors:   Department of Statistics The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan, Nadeem Muhammad , Rasheed Muhammad ,   Department of Statistics The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan, Tahir M. H. ,   Department of Statistics The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan, Noreen Khadija ,   Department of Statistics The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan, Hussain Sajid ,   Department of Statistics The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan, Ahmed Rashid ,   Department of Statistics The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Published: December 2021

Neighbor designs are used in the experiments where neighbor effects may arise. Neighbor designs neutralize these effects and are, therefore, considered to be robust against neighbor effects. Minimal neighbor designs are always most economical among the neighbor designs and are, therefore, preferred by the experimenters. Method of cyclic shifts provides these designs in circular blocks only for odd v (number of treatments). For v even, minimal circular generalized neighbor designs in which only v 2 unordered pairs of distinct treatments do not appear as neighbors will be the better alternate to the minimal neighbor designs. In this article, such minimal generalized neighbor designs are constructed in circular blocks for v even.
High performance liquid chromatography based characterization of Fengycin produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens against Fusarium graminearum and Rhizoctonia solani
Authors:   Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan., Khan Muddasir , Salman Muhammad ,   Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan., Abdullah Abdullah ,   Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Published: December 2021

A substantial loss of crop production worldwide is attributed to fungal phytopathogens. The most important economic pathogens among these fungal phytopathogens are Fusarium graminearum and Rhizoctonia solani, which cause a wide range of plant diseases. In the present study, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens secondary metabolite fengycin was identified by High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and in vitro screened against the Fusarium graminearum and Rhizoctonia solani. Based on the HPLC result, fengycin was identified at 215nm wavelength, retention time 5-7 minutes, and peak area was 3.914. The obtained results indicated that fengycin (1, 1/2, 1/4, and 1/8) concentrations have a significant effect (p<0.005) on the growth of F. graminearum and R. solani. The current study concluded that B. amyloliquefaciens secondary metabolites fengycin having a high potential to inhibit the growth of F. graminearum and R. solani.
Analysis of field free region formed by parametric positioning of a magnet pair for targeted magnetic hyperthermia
Authors:   Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey, Küçükdermenci Serhat
Published: December 2021

One of the challenges that arise in the practical applications of magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) is the limited control of magnetic nanoparticle oscillations. In this study, we investigated to manipulate field free region (FFR) form and location by symmetric and asymmetric displacements of a magnet pair (MP). Finite element method (FEM) simulation was used to predict gradient patterns (GPs) in the workspace. An experiment platform was produced and point probe measurements are taken. It is observed that FFR form and position can be manipulated with parametric distance and angle changes. FFR can shrink and its form can be transformed to the linelike or point-like areas. Focus of FFR can be moved off-center, and it can be directed to different parts of the target object. The mapping of GP produced by a MP for the use of targeted MFH is discussed for the first time in this study. And the findings provide insight into which GP is appropriate in which situations in targeted MFH.
Literature Review : Gambaran Penerapan Terapi Assertiveness Training Terhadap Penurunan Resiko Perilaku Kekerasan Klien Skizofrenia
Authors: Mauila Atina , Aktifah Nurul
Published: December 2021

AbstractViolent behavior is a condition in which a person performs actions that can harm both himself and others. This behavior that occurs in schizophrenic clients’ needs to be handled appropriately so that something unwanted does not happen. As we know, one of methods control risk of violent behavior is assertiveness training. This scientific paper aims to find out the effects of applying this therapy in reducing risk of violent behavior on scizophrenic clients. From this literature review , it obtained the average value of pretest is 36.84 and posttest is 26.12. It resulted p value 0,001, (<0,005). That proved there is effect of the training in reducing risks of violent behavior on schizophrenic clients. So, it is recommended for the nurses to apply this theraphy as the alternative way to reduce that such a behavior on schizophrenic clients.Keywords: risk of violent behavior ; schizophrenic clients ; assertiveness training

AbstrakPerilaku kekerasan adalah suatu keadaan dimana seseorang melakukan tindakan yang dapat membahayakan baik kepada diri sendiri maupun orang lain. Perilaku kekerasan yang terjadi pada klien skizofrenia perlu penanganan secara tepat agar tidak terjadi sesuatu yang tidak di inginkan. Assertiveness Training merupakan salah satu metode untuk mengontrol resiko perilaku kekerasan. Tujian karya tulis ilmiah ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran penerapan terapi Assertiveness Training terhadap penurunan resiko perilaku kekerasan pada klien skizofrenia. Desain karya tulis ilmiah ini adalah literature review. Hasil analisis didapatkan nilai rata-rata pre test sebesar 36,84 dan post test sebesar 26,12 dengan hasil p value sebesar 0,001, (<0,005). Kesimpulannya terdapat pengaruh terapi Assertiveness Training terhadap penurunan resiko perilaku kekerasan pada klien skizofrenia. Saran bagi tenaga keperawatan yaitu diharapkan dapat menerapkan terapi Assertiveness Training untuk menurunkan resiko perilaku kekerasan pada klien skizofrenia.Kata kunci: resiko perilaku kekerasan ; skizofrenia ; terapi assertiveness training
Jogo “Grelha Retangular 3 x 4”: uma proposta para o desenvolvimento do raciocínio combinatório
Authors: Teixeira Paulo Jorge Magalhães
Published: December 2021

Este trabalho objetiva tornar conhecida uma proposta de ensino aprendizagem acerca de conteúdo básico de análise combinatória por meio de um jogo de tabuleiro nomeado Grelha Retangular 3 x 4. Tal proposta visa fomentar a apropriação e o exercício do raciocínio combinatório enquanto diagramas de árvore são construídos com o objetivo de mostrar algumas (ou todas) possibilidades como o jogo pode se desenrolar, a partir de tomadas de decisão dos jogadores por ocasião da movimentação de “tampinhas de garrafa pet” sobre o tabuleiro de jogo. Em prosseguimento ao jogo, e o consequente reconhecimento das regras estipuladas, problemas de combinatória são propostos com o propósito de ir ao encontro do que é preconizado na teoria de Resolução de Problemas. A proposta está em consonância com indicações presentes na BNCC – Base Nacional Curricular Comum para o ensino aprendizagem de Matemática nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica que objetiva dimensionar a importância da proposição e criação de um jogo que contribua para melhorar o processo de ensino aprendizagem da Matemática com estudantes e professores dos anos iniciais, e esta pesquisa culminou com a proposta do jogo. Por meio do jogo se espera que o estudante sinta-se estimulado apropriar, exercitar e desenvolver o raciocínio combinatório enquanto constrói um diagrama de árvore para particulares situações de jogo, de início - possíveis ocorrer em qualquer momento do desenrolar de uma partida até que ela chegue ao seu final, de modo a conhecer e contabilizar as possibilidades de vitória para cada jogador.
The role of the urban agriculture on food security during armed conflicts in the Gaza Strip
Authors: Khalil, MA Hadi , Al Najar, PhD Husam
Published: December 2021

This study aims to assess the potential of urban agriculture to secure daily needs during the armed conflicts, in addition to assess the contribution of urban agriculture in alleviating poverty level and unemployment rate for its practitioners. A combination of both quantitative and qualitative research methods was employed in this study. In the quantitative design, 129 randomly selected urban farmers from the area of the survey completed the self-administered close-ended questionnaires, whereas the statistical analysis presents the socio-demographic, economic, and other aspects of the households. The qualitative data collection included interviews with six governmental and nongovernmental officials.The results show that 89.2 percent of the urban agriculture practitioners are feeling food security. However, a small percentage of the households who practice urban agriculture are still experiencing difficulties with food security. In the meantime, the armed conflict forced most of the urban farmers to evacuate their homes or lands; thus, only 34.9 percent of urban farmers managed to gain food during the 2014 armed conflict.In a nutshell, urban agriculture significantly and positively contributes to alleviating household food insecurity in the study area. However, its role was very limited during the 2014 armed conflict.
Walking distance for vulnerable populations to public health emergency response points of dispensing in New York City
Authors: Whittemore, MPH Kate , Ali, MPH Mustafa , Schroeder, MPA, MA Andrew , Vora, MD Neil M. , Starr, MIA David , Daskalakis, MD, MPH Demetre , Lucero, PhD David E.
Published: December 2021

During certain public health emergencies, points of dispensing (PODs) may be used to rapidly distribute medical countermeasures such as antibiotics to the general public to prevent disease. Jurisdictions across the country have identified sites for PODs in preparation for such an emergency; in New York City (NYC), the sites are identified based largely on population density. Vulnerable populations, defined for this analysis as persons with income below the federal poverty level, persons with less than a high school diploma, foreign-born persons, persons of color, persons aged ≥65 years, physically disabled persons, and unemployed persons, often experience a wide range of health inequities. In NYC, these populations are often concentrated in certain geographic areas and rely heavily on public transportation. Because public transportation will almost certainly be affected during large-scale public health emergencies that would require the rapid mass dispensing of medical countermeasures, we evaluated walking distances to PODs. We used an ordinary least squares (OLS) model and a geographically weighted regression (GWR) model to determine if certain characteristics that increase health inequities in the population are associated with longer distances to the nearest POD relative to the general NYC population. Our OLS model identified shorter walking distances to PODs in neighborhoods with a higher percentage of persons with income below the federal poverty level, higher percentage of foreign-born persons, or higher percentage of persons of color, and identified longer walking distances to PODs in neighborhoods with a higher percentage of persons with less than a high school diploma. Our GWR model confirmed the findings from the OLS model and further illustrated these patterns by certain neighborhoods. Our analysis shows that currently identified locations for PODs in NYC are generally serving vulnerable populations equitably—particularly those defined by race or income status—at least in terms of walking distance.
Machine learning-based FEMA Transitional Shelter Assistance (TSA) eligibility prediction models
Authors: Afkhamiaghda Mahdi , Elwakil, PhD, PE, CCE, PMP Emad
Published: December 2021

Around 90 percent of the natural disasters in the United States involve floods. As a result of these floods, a massive number of houses become uninhabitable for their residents, making them in immediate need of lodging and shelters. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) lodges people in noncongregated shelters such as hotels/motels for a short period—up to 45 days—through the Transitional Shelter Assistance (TSA) program. Government Accountability Office estimated that between 600 million and 1.4 billion dollars had been improperly spent. However, currently, the process of how an applicant becomes eligible for the TSA lacks a robust model and framework. However, the mechanism of selecting the recipients of TSA is mainly based on expert opinion and tacit knowledge. The objectives of this paper are (1) investigating how classification techniques can be used to help FEMA decision-makers during the time of the disaster and (2) building supervised machine learning decision-making models based on logistic regression, decision tree, and K nearest neighbor classification techniques using Python. The 4.8 million registries of applications dataset used for this paper were extracted from the National Emergency Management Information System. This research will help FEMA decision-makers for predicting TSA eligibility.
System intervention in community pharmacy setting: Leading to better patient care through reducing harm associated with coprescribing benzodiazepines and opioids
Authors: Vascimini, PharmD Angelina , Duane, PharmD Kevin , Curtis, PharmD Stacey
Published: December 2021

Objective: The opioid epidemic is frequently discussed including the staggering numbers involved with coprescribing opioids and benzodiazepines associated with death. Community pharmacists, with the help of a system intervention, have a unique opportunity to help reduce the coprescribing of benzodiazepines and opioids and reduce the associated risk of death.Design: A single center retrospective chart review was conducted after a system intervention was placed, as a quality improvement project, from November 2019 to May 2020.Setting: Independent community pharmacy.Patients/participants: Data included demographics, dosing of each medication pre- and post-intervention, and naloxone status.Main outcome(s) measures: The primary outcome evaluated was reduction in dose/discontinuation of these prescriptions. The secondary outcome evaluated was the number of naloxone prescriptions ordered per protocol and picked up.Results: The primary outcome did not show statistical difference; however, the secondary outcomes showed statistical significance.Conclusion: In conclusion, community pharmacists, with the help of evolving technologies, can reduce harm associated with the coprescribing of benzodiazepines and opioids.
Expectation-setting and patient education about pain control in the perioperative setting: A qualitative study
Authors: Bleicher, MD, MS Josh , Esplin, BS Jordan , Blumling, MS Allison N. , Cohan, MD, MAS Jessica N. , Savarise, MD, MBA, FACS Mark , Wetter, PhD David W. , Harris, PhD, MS Alex H.S. , Kaphingst, ScD Kimberly A. , Huang, MD, MPH, FACS Lyen C.
Published: December 2021

Objective: Interventions aimed at limiting opioid use are widespread. These are most often targeted toward prescribers or health systems. Patients’ perspectives are too often absent during the creation of such interventions. This qualitative study aims to understand patient experiences with education about perioperative pain control, from preoperative expectation-setting to post-operative pain control strategies and ultimately opioid disposal.Design: We performed semistructured interviews focused on patient experiences in the perioperative period. Content from interview transcripts was analyzed using a constant comparative method.Setting: All participants underwent surgery at a single, academic tertiary-care center.Participants: Adult patients who had a general surgery operation in the prior 60 days.Outcome measure: Key themes from interviews about perioperative pain management, specifically related to preoperative expectation-setting and post-operative education.Results: Patients identified gaps in communication and education in three main areas: preoperative expectation setting of post-operative pain; post-operative pain control strategies, including use of opioid medications; and the importance of appropriate opioid disposal. Failure to set expectations led to either significant patient anxiety preoperatively or poor preparation for home discharge. Poor education on pain control strategies led to misinformation on when and how to use opioids. Lack of education on opioid disposal led to most participants failing to properly dispose of leftover medication.Conclusions: Gaps in education surrounding post-operative pain and opioid use can lead to patient anxiety, inappropriate use of opioids, and poor disposal rates of leftover medications. Future interventions aimed at patient education to improve pain management and opioid stewardship should be created with an understanding of patient experiences and perceptions.
Telehealth acceptability and opioid prescribing patterns of providers of painful chronic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic: A survey of sickle cell providers
Authors: Kenney, MD Martha O. , Becerra, DrPH; MBA, MPH, MS Benjamin , Beatty, BA Sean Alexander , Smith, MD Wally R.
Published: December 2021

Objective: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to a rapid transition to telehealth services. It is unclear how subspecialists managing painful chronic diseases—such as sickle cell disease (SCD), an inherited hemoglobinopathy with significant disparities in access and outcomes—have viewed the transition to telehealth or altered their pain management practices. This study elicits the views of sickle cell providers regarding their transition to telehealth and their opioid prescribing patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design: An anonymous online survey was sent to eligible sickle cell providers.Setting: Comprehensive sickle cell centers and/or clinics across the United States. Participants: Physicians and advanced practice providers providing care to SCD patients.Main outcome measures: Respondents answered questions regarding their (1) views of telehealth compared to in-person encounters and (2) opioid prescribing practices during the early months of the pandemic.Results: Of the 130 eligible participants, 53 respondents from 35 different sickle cell centers completed at least 90 percent of the survey. Respondents reported a significant increase in telehealth encounters for routine and acute appointments (mean difference and standard deviation: 57.6 ± 31.9 percent, p < 0.001 and 24.4 ± 34.1 percent, p < 0.001, respectively) since COVID-19. The overwhelming majority of respondents reported no changes in their opioid prescribing patterns since COVID-19, despite increased telehealth use. Only a minority coprescribed naloxone as a risk mitigation strategy.Conclusion: The rapid uptake of telehealth has not suppressed ambulatory providers’ prescribing of opioids for SCD. Studies assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and telehealth on opioid prescribing practices in other painful chronic diseases are needed to ensure health equity for vulnerable pain patients.
Surgical and oncological outcome after extended lymph node dissection for carcinoma of the stomach and
the esophagogastric junction: a retrospective analysis from an experienced single center
Authors: Raptis Dimitrios , Maak Matthias , Krautz Christian , Merkel Susanne , Brunner Maximilian , Agaimy Abbas , Hartmann Arndt , Semrau Sabine , Ott Oliver , Fietkau Rainer , Siebler Jürgen , Grützmann Robert , Hohenberger Werner , Schildberg Claus-Wilhelm
Published: December 2021

Introduction

Gastric cancer remains the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in Europe, while the proportion of adenocarcinomas of the esophagogastric junction has risen by more than one third over recent years. In 2018, 14,700 new cases of gastric cancer were estimated in Germany, while the 5-year relative survival rate is reported to be 33% for women and 30% for men; in the USA almost the same rate was reported, with 31% 5-year survival.

Material and methods

Between 2001 and 2014, 590 patients with a diagnosis of gastric cancer underwent surgery in our institution, including 120 Siewert type II/III carcinomas of the esophagogastric junction. All patients underwent distal resection of the stomach, gastrectomy or total gastrectomy combined with transhiatal distal esophageal resection. All operations included D2-D3 lymph node dissection (LND). Data were recorded by the cancer registry of the department of surgery and analyzed retrospectively.

Results

The patients were classified according to the TNM (UICC 2010) and Lauren classification. 29% of the patients underwent primary surgery and 31% received neoadjuvant therapy. The median number of harvested lymph nodes was 33 for patients diagnosed with gastric cancer, and 29 for esophagogastric adenocarcinomas, respectively. The anastomotic leak rate was 3%. In this study, the 5-year overall survival rate was 51% concerning gastric carcinomas, 44% for Siewert type II and 47% for Siewert III cancers of the esophagogastric junction.

Conclusions

Increased survival with low complication rates were achieved after individualized and multimodal treatment concepts combined with consistently applied extended lymphadenectomy.
Key features of beach handball self-organization: comparison between genders
Authors: Modolo Felipe , Santos Walmir Romário Dos , Campos Renato Resina De Oliveira , Morato Márcio Pereira , Menezes Rafael Pombo
Published: December 2021

Purpose

The aim of this study is to find the aspects that identify the self-organization cycle of beach handball and to compare these between genders.

Methods

Overall, 13 elite matches of each gender were analysed. We observed each team during the game, considering the following variables: offensive phase, ball possession, and attack outcome.

Results

A self-organization cycle was identified, characterized by a predominance of attack over defence. We found that ball possession changed constantly (> 84%) and the same behaviour occurred in both genders. The difference between genders was that male teams were more likely to throw (81% vs. 74%, p < 0.001) and score a spectacular goal (49% vs. 39%, p < 0.001) when compared with female teams.

Conclusions

The self-organization cycle of beach handball involves a prevalence of attack over defence, with a higher probability of the offensive phase ending with a spectacular throw, and with a constant change of ball possession during the match (system attractors).
Psychosocial problems experienced by patients
depending on Crohn’s disease activity:
an exploratory study
Authors: Otrębski Wojciech , Krupa-Nowosad Monika
Published: December 2021

Introduction

The aim of the study was to assess the effect of Crohn’s disease (CD) activity and factors such as having a job, a family, or a partner on the severity of psychosocial problems experienced by them. Hypothesis: H1: CD patients who have a partner assess their psychosocial problems as less severe compared with those who do not have a partner; H2: CD patients who have a job assess the severity of psychosocial problems as statistically significantly lower than those who are out of work; H3: High activity of Crohn’s disease is statistically significantly associated with greater severity of psychosocial problems in CD patients.

Material and methods

Adults with Crohn’s disease, 79 women and 33 men, aged from 18 to 67 years. The activity of the disease was determined using the Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (CDAI) and the severity of psychosocial problems was assessed by the Psychosocial Problems Scale.

Results

Patients with high and low activity of Crohn’s disease were affected by psychosocial problems in various spheres. The intensity of psychosocial problems was significantly related to the patients’ labour market status and the severity of the disease symptoms.

Conclusions

A thorough understanding of the spectrum and severity of psychosocial problems faced by persons with Crohn’s disease is necessary for healthcare professionals to be able to professionally address their various needs and increase their acceptance of their condition.
COVID-19 emergency: the influence of implicit attitudes, information sources, and individual characteristics on psychological distress, intentions to get vaccinated, and compliance with restrictive rules
Authors: Colledani Daiana , Anselmi Pasquale , Robusto Egidio
Published: December 2021

Background

To limit the spread of the COVID-19 emergency, a massive vaccination program was implemented and restrictive measures were imposed on the population. However, the propensity to adhere to the vaccination program has struggled to take off. Moreover, complying with the restrictive rules and maintaining social distancing have been highly distressing for many individuals.

Participants and procedure

Italian participants (N = 140, females = 65%, mean age = 29.50, SD = 10.80) were presented with an online survey consisting of multiple-choice questions and two single-category implicit association tests (SC-IATs). One SC-IAT evaluated the ten-dency of participants to automatically associate personal protective equipment (PPE) and vaccines with safety or danger; the other evaluated their tendency to automatically associate social situations with good or bad. Multiple-choice questions ex-plored individual, social, and environmental factors that were expected to contribute to vaccine propensity, compliance with restrictive rules, and feelings of distress.

Results

Using scientific information sources was related to implicitly associating PPE and vaccines with safety, which in turn was associated with the propensity to get the vaccine. Moreover, being female, young, unsatisfied with social relationships, having suffered health and economic consequences due to the pandemic, and having negative implicit attitudes toward so-cial situations contributed to increasing feelings of distress.

Conclusions

Communication may contribute to individuals’ behavior and preferences and it can also be associated with implicit atti-tudes, becoming consequently one of the main leverages to reduce vaccine hesitancy. Recovery programs should prioritize the development of interventions aimed at fostering psychological well-being through the enhancement of social contacts.
Professor Henryk Chmielewski and other pioneers of manual therapy in Poland
Authors: Kasperczyk Tadeusz , Marszałek Anna , Permoda Andrzej , Walaszek Robert
Published: December 2021

The beginnings of manual therapy in Poland, historically speaking, date back to the 1920s and 1930s and are associated with the names of Olgierd Krukowski and Michał Pawłowski, who published their textbooks related to the subject of chiropractic in 1926. The term ‘manual therapy’ appeared in Poland in the period after World War II. Professor Henryk Chmielewski, MD, PhD, bound with the academic centre in Lodz, is commonly regarded as the father of manual therapy in Poland. The aim of the article is to show the biography of Professor Henryk Chmielewski as a pioneer of contemporary manual therapy in Poland, as well as of several other figures who, through their scientific and journalistic achievements, made a significant contribution to the development of this field of medicine in the second half of the 20th century and at the beginning of the 21st century. The paper also presents the figure of Professor Karel Lewit from Prague, who played a very important role in the advancement of manual therapy throughout Europe. The article also includes a brief history of founding manual therapy societies and the quarterly Manual Medicine in Poland.
Electrical stimulation: then and now. Applications and limitations
Authors: Demidas Aneta
Published: December 2021

Electrical stimulation is a branch of physical therapy that applies low and medium frequency currents to stimulate the human body. The effects of electrical impulses on human beings have been observed since antiquity. The development of research in that scope commenced in the 18th century, the most important turning point, and is now continuing. The purpose of this narrative study is to present electrical stimulation in terms of its progressing development and to draw attention to its significant role in the therapeutic processes utilized in numerous medical specializations and comprehensive strength and endurance training of healthy people. The notions ‘electrical stimulation’ and ‘electrotherapy,’ as well as differences between electric current applications are explained. The most critical moments in the history of electrical stimulation development are highlighted. Recent research is presented, exhibiting the important role of electrical stimulation both in the therapeutic process and in strength and endurance training. This paper contains the most significant aspects of contemporary application of electrical stimulation, as well as recommendations and limitations for current usage in such areas as whole-body electrostimulation, urinary incontinence, pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation, rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament surgery, endurance training, and improvement of physical strength and appearance.
Radiologia forense: comparação entre os métodos de raios-x e tomografia computadorizada em casos de homicídio por arma de fogo
Authors:   Instituto Médico Legal André Roquette, Polícia Civil do Estado de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil, Sá Leanderson , Lima Leandro ,   Instituto Médico Legal André Roquette, Polícia Civil do Estado de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil, Gonçalves Diogo ,   Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil, Freitas Bárbara ,   Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
Published: December 2021

O avanço tecnológico na radiologia tem se revelado cada vez mais importante não só no contexto clínico como, também, na prática forense. A Tomografia Computadorizada (TC) vem sendo utilizada devido à sua exatidão, qualidade de imagem e curto tempo de exame para obtenção de imagens post-mortem em casos como os de homicídio. A técnica tem se mostrado superior à radiologia convencional uma vez que os tomógrafos atuais multislice podem adquirir imagens do corpo inteiro, em poucos segundos, com alta qualidade e sem a sobreposição de estruturas. Estes equipamentos possuem softwares especiais na manipulação da imagem que possibilitam reconstruções 3D facilitando a localização exata do projétil e remoção para o confronto balístico. É possível fazer uma descrição completa de fraturas secundárias, lesões significativas, percurso do projétil deflagrado pela arma de fogo e sua relação com as demais estruturas anatômicas. Este trabalho é um estudo comparativo entre os exames de raios-x e de tomografia computadorizada realizados em um caso de homicídio por arma de fogo conduzido por profissionais do Instituto Médico Legal de Belo Horizonte (IML/BH).
Anotações sobre a doutrina policial – balística
Authors:   Polícia Civil do Distrito Federal, Brasília, DF, Brasil, Mariz Luiz
Published: December 2021

O livro “Anotações sobre a Doutrina Policial – Balística” é parte de um projeto desenvolvido com a finalidade de difundir conhecimento em diversas áreas da atividade policial.
Forame oval patente em necropsia médico legal
Authors:   Instituto Médico Legal André Roquette (IMLAR), Polícia Civil do Estado de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil, Bordoni Leonardo , Couto Tauer ,   Instituto Médico Legal André Roquette (IMLAR), Polícia Civil do Estado de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
Published: December 2021

A imagem da esquerda representa uma vista panorâmica da região anterior do coração de uma periciada de 52 anos, vítima de homicídio, ainda em sua localização anatômica (in situ). Na imagem ao centro, observa-se uma vista panorâmica após a abertura do átrio e do ventrículo direitos. A seta vermelha na imagem da direita indica um forame oval patente (FOP), a malformação cardíaca congênita mais frequente, presente em cerca de 25% dos adultos, sem predominância entre os sexos. A forma observada, do tipo ostium secundum, que se localiza na região da fossa oval do átrio direito é a apresentação de comunicação interatrial mais comum. No caso em tela, constituiu um achado necroscópico ocasional, não tendo desempenhado nenhum papel nos mecanismos que produziram a morte da periciada. Apesar de ser assintomático na maioria dos portadores, é um potencial local de formação de trombos que permite, também, a passagem desses de uma câmara atrial para outra, sendo um fator de risco para a ocorrência de um embolismo paradoxal (EP). No EP, um trombo formado em veias profundas dos membros inferiores (ou mesmo um êmbolo gorduroso formado por fraturas de ossos longos), após se deslocar para o átrio direito, passa para o átrio esquerdo e alcança a circulação arterial sistêmica. Pode, assim, obstruir qualquer ramo direto ou indireto da artéria aorta, das coronárias às artérias cerebrais. Portanto, em casos de morte súbita e inesperada com interesse médico legal, este achado deve ser pesquisado como um potencial fator de risco para eventos isquêmicos de origem embólica.
LSD em micropontos (estrelinhas) coloridos
Authors:   Instituto de Criminalística, Polícia Civil do Distrito Federal, Brasília, DF, Brasil, Arantes Luciano , Leite Bruno ,   Instituto de Criminalística, Polícia Civil do Distrito Federal, Brasília, DF, Brasil, Ferreira Luisa ,   Instituto de Criminalística, Polícia Civil do Distrito Federal, Brasília, DF, Brasil
Published: December 2021

A dietilamida do ácido lisérgico é uma das substâncias alucinógenas mais potentes já sintetizadas. Sua sigla, LSD, vem do alemão: Lysergsäurediethylamid. O LSD é sintetizado a partir do ácido lisérgico, produzido pelo fungo parasita esporão-do centeio (Claviceps purpurea), nome alusivo ao seu corpo de frutificação e ao principal cereal hospedeiro. O LSD tem afinidade por receptores serotoninérgicos (5-HT), sendo sua atividade alucinógena vinculada à ação agonista nos receptores 5-HT2A. Doses unitárias entre 20 e 400 microgramas produzem efeitos por até 12 horas. Os selos, forma usual de apresentação, são segmentos de papel mata-borrão delimitados por perfurações com desenhos e/ou inscrições. Também são apreendidas soluções aquosas ou alcoólicas, contendo altas concentrações de LSD, e micropontos. Entre os anos de 2019 e 2021, cinco apreensões de micropontos foram realizadas no Distrito Federal, todas com formato de estrela de cinco ou seis pontas, furo no centro, dimensões de 5x6 mm, nas cores vermelha ou verde. Rotina analítica baseada em teste colorimétrico (reagente de Ehrlich) e em cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrometria de massas confirmou a presença de LSD em todas essas apreensões. Ainda que semelhantes a comprimidos, os micropontos são muito duros, o que dificulta a maceração, mesmo com auxílio de gral e pistilo. Uma vez macerados, solubilizam facilmente em água e desenvolvem rapidamente um anel de coloração roxa quando submetidos ao teste de Molisch, indicando formação de furfurais decorrente da desidratação dos sacarídeos presentes. A solubilidade em água e o rápido desenvolvimento de cor apontam para uma composição majoritária de mono ou dissacarídeos.
Rapporteren over impact
Authors: Kamp-Roelands Nancy , Looijenga Marcus , Orij René
Published: December 2021

Rapporteren over impact staat centraal in dit artikel, in het bijzonder rapporteren over de koppeling van impact aan concepten als waardecreatie, purpose en Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) en Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Rapportage over niet-financiële informatie is voor een groep ondernemingen verplicht, maar binnen de wettelijke kaders is veel ruimte voor eigen invulling. Dit onderzoek laat zien hoe die eigen invulling gestalte heeft gekregen op het gebied van waardecreatie en impact en wat ‘good practices’ zijn op dit vlak.

Het laat ook zien dat vrijwel alle ondernemingen proactief over duurzaamheid rapporteren, maar dat een aantal elementen achterblijven in de rapportage, zoals langetermijndoelstellingen, vergelijkbaarheid en balans, de transitie naar een duurzaam bedrijfsmodel en meer en relevantere indicatoren op impact. Een eerste stap is gezet om ten aanzien van ESG naast operationele informatie ook relevante diepgaander strategische informatie te geven.
Toelichting op Brexit in het financiële verslag
Authors: van der Tas Leo , Dekker Pieter
Published: December 2021

In dit artikel wordt verslag gedaan van een onderzoek naar de effecten van Brexit zoals toegelicht in de jaarverslaggeving 2020 en tussentijdse berichtgeving 2021 van 74 beursfondsen uit het Verenigd Koninkrijk, de Europese Unie en de rest van de wereld. De overgrote meerderheid van de ondernemingen uit het VK heeft een toelichting op Brexit opgenomen, veelal in het bestuursverslag in de toelichting op de risicobeheersing. Van de ondernemingen uit de EU licht de helft het effect van Brexit toe, terwijl ondernemingen buiten Europa dit relatief weinig doen. Slechts een kleine minderheid van de onderzochte ondernemingen heeft een toelichting in de jaarrekening opgenomen en slechts één onderneming heeft het effect gekwantificeerd. Het gerapporteerde (verwachte) effect van Brexit op ondernemingen en hun financiële verslaggeving is zeer beperkt.
Small Delay Tracing Defect Testing
Authors: Alluri Lakshmaiah , Jeevan Magadum Hemant
Published: December 2021

This Small Delay Tracing Defect Testing detect small delay defects by creating internal signal races. The races are created by launching transitions along simultaneous two paths, a reference path and a test path. The arrival times of the transitions on a ‘convergence’ or common gate determine the result of the race. On the output of the convergence gate, a static hazard created by a small delay defect presence on the test path which is directed to the input of a scan-latch. A glitch detector is added to the scan latch which records the presence or absence of the glitch.