bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Speech Acts on Instagram comments about G20 Indonesia
Authors: Ahmadi F Yusep , Syaifullah Aceng Ruhendi , Hermawan Budi
Published: April 2024

Speech acts in someone's comments show a person's perception, interpretation and attitude towards something they read. This research aims to reveal the reading position in the comments of 3 posts on Instagram @indonesia.g20. The focus of this research is to describe the forms of comment speech acts on Instagram and show the reading position. The data source for this research has been the Instagram account @indonesia.g20 as the official Instagram account for the 2022 Indonesian G20 Presidency.  This research method uses a mixed method. Comment data was analyzed using a speech act analysis framework and a reading position analysis framework. Quantitatively this research found 37 comments which included comments with 22% assertive speech act, 32% directive speech act, and 46% expressive speech acts. Meanwhile, reading positions based on performative speech acts include hegemonic reading position 62%, negotiated reading position 27%, and oppositional reading position 11%.  Qualitatively it can be concluded that the comments on the 3 Instagram posts are positive comments in the form of expressive speech acts. This means that these commentators tend to like and support the implementation of the 2022 G20 Indonesia presidency on Instagram.
Development and validation of a scale for measuring organizational behavior: A comprehensive approach
Authors:   Faculty of Business Administration and Information Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-Ok, Bangkok, Thailand, Niangchaem Laongsri , Na-Nan Khahan ,   Faculty of Business Administration, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani, Thailand, Phanniphong Kanakarn ,   Faculty of Business Administration and Information Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-Ok, Bangkok, Thailand
Published: April 2024

Organizational behavior has long been a focus for researchers and academicians, and it is crucial for individual, team, and organizational achievements. There are debates about how to accurately measure organizational behavior, and existing scales have limitations. This paper offers a detailed view of developing scales in organizational behavior studies. This includes creating items, assessing content validity, pilot testing, refining items, validating the scale, and collecting data. The scale's validity and reliability are confirmed using statistical methods like exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The analysis results show the scale's legitimacy through factor loadings and reliability. The final scale is described, detailing the number of items and their specific dimensions. The discussion highlights the scale's benefits and limitations, its practical uses in organizational behavior research, and future research suggestions. This article is a thorough guide for researchers on creating effective and dependable measurement tools in organizational behavior.
The Sullivan emotional intelligence scale for children: Assessing the validity and reliability of the scale in the Malaysian context
Authors:   Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia, Rohaizad Nor Aizal Akmal Binti , Ali Siti Nazilah Binti Mat ,   Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia, Halim Mohd Radzi Tarmizi Bin A. ,   Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia, Majid Maimunah Binti Awang ,   Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia, Kamaruddin Siti Hajar Binti ,   Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia, Mauzud Siti Munirah Binti ,   Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia, Nawi Rozita Binti Muhamad ,   Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia, Ismail Radhiah ,   Advanced and Basic Education Centers, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
Published: April 2024

Emotional intelligence plays a critical role in the development of children and has gained significant interest in academic research. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the Malay translation of the Sullivan Emotional Intelligence Scale for Children (EISC). The research involved a convenient group of 50 preschoolers, ages five to six, from the Kuala Nerus district in Terengganu for an initial investigation. To assess the reliability of the EISC, researchers used the Rasch model for analysis. Findings from the Rasch model indicated that out of the original 59 questions, only 38 were appropriate and effective for evaluating the emotional intelligence of children. Furthermore, the analysis revealed a high reliability for both the items and the individuals, with scores of 0.96 and 0.92, respectively. This research offers new insights into the effectiveness of the Malay version of the Sullivan EISC as a tool for assessing emotional intelligence among preschool children in Eastern cultures.
SAPP: The game-changer in Nigeria’s battle against insecurity and emergency delays
Authors: Dah John , Hussin Norhayati , Zaini Muhamad Khairulnizam , Ametefe Divine Senanu
Published: April 2024

In Nigeria, pervasive insecurity, characterized by Boko Haram massacres, suicide bombings, Fulani herder genocides, abductions, and armed robberies, has led to massive loss of life and property. Traditional approaches like curfews, states of emergency, and military checkpoints have proven inadequate, primarily due to late emergency call responses caused by the inability to quickly identify dangerous zones. Utilizing a Design Science Research methodology, this study designs, develops, and evaluates the Security and Prompt Protection (SAPP) mobile application. SAPP is engineered to bridge these security gaps by enabling victims in perilous situations to instantly alert both loved ones and security agencies, while simultaneously providing their real-time geographical location for immediate, targeted assistance
Information Literacy Skills in the Use of Electronic Resources among Undergraduate Students at Universiti Teknologi MARA
Authors: Hamizak NurHamizah Sakinah , Ahmad Uzir Nora’ayu
Published: April 2024

Information literacy skills are a set of abilities requiring individuals to recognize when information is needed and have the ability to locate, evaluate and use effectively the needed information. This study aims to investigate the level of information literacy skills in the use of electronic resources among undergraduate students at UiTM Puncak Perdana and to identify the relationship between information literacy skills and the use of electronic resources. This study was conducted utilizing a quantitative approach, which is a questionnaire prepared with a Google form. There were 218 undergraduate students from the Puncak Perdana campus responded successfully.  Findings show that most of the undergraduate students in UiTM Puncak Perdana have a high level of information literacy in the use of electronic resources. This study's findings indicate that information literacy is a critical ability for undergraduate students to have in the digital age.
Ontologies of Herbal Medicine: A thematic review analysis from 2011-2022
Authors: Sh Zahari Siti Habsah , Ibrahim Zaharudin , Samsudin Ahmad Zam Hariro
Published: April 2024

This study examines various approaches for ontology construction and evaluation in medicinal plant ontology, focusing on the challenges associated with this domain. Thirty review articles on three databases revealed five alternative approaches for ontology generation in herbal medicine: well-structured methodology, customized methodology, semiautomatic approach, socio-technical approach, domain expert techniques, and top-level approach. However, 68% of the research did not include ontology evaluation. Ontology quality was often assessed using competency questions, expert opinion, and automated error detection. The study provides ontology developers with a better understanding of established methodologies for developing and evaluating standard ontologies in this area and identifies gaps in existing research for future studies.
How Freelance Developers Embrace Software Reuse Practice? A perspective analysis using clustering techniques
Authors: Osman Mohd Akmal Faiz , Tuan Zakaria Tuan Norhafizah , Abdul Wahid Khalid , Masrek Mohamad Noorman
Published: April 2024

The advancement of ICT technologies has modernized software development practices, thus presenting opportunities for developers to reuse software components in developing new software. These practices allow developers to use reliable reusable software components to quickly develop software. However, not much research has reported how freelance developers capitalize on these practices, despite the rapid rise of freelancing development. This research investigates how freelance developers embrace software reuse practices to achieve project success. A survey that gathers 351 responses from freelancers was analyzed using clustering techniques, revealing high levels of self-efficacy and satisfaction towards deploying software reuse practices and highlighting the need for software development firms to embrace this method.
Management of Corporate Memory in the Organization
Authors: Azmi Noraishah Intau , Abdul Kadir Irwan Kamaruddin , Khan Mazlina Pati
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to determine if Company A has corporate memory. This study also seeks to understand the issues faced by each organization and the strategies and tools used to protect and preserve this corporate memory from disappearing. Methods are conducted, and employees from three different departments in Company A, including department, business, infrastructure and application, have been chosen. The purpose and goals of the study also aim to educate information professionals on the importance of corporate memory implementation and practice within their organization. This research will help expose the information professional to the best strategies and tools implemented and practised by top organizations such as Company A to increase their performance.
Artificial Intelligence and Archive Management on Malaysia National Archive’s Uncaptioned Photos Collection: Accuracy findings comparison based on clustering algorithms
Authors: Malek W.A. , A. Jalil Safawi , Rahman A. , Kamarudin Irwan , Abu Roziya , Ismail Saidatul Akmar , Mansoor Mazlifah , Mokhtarudin Mokhtarudin , Norsuriati Norsuriati , Safuan N , Roslan R, N. Hakim
Published: April 2024

In the realm of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and archive management, the central objective revolves around the autonomous extraction of valuable insights, patterns, and actionable information from extensive datasets. The AI technologies play a pivotal role in this context, leveraging advanced algorithms and computational capabilities to efficiently analyze and interpret archived data. The integration of AI within archive management systems enhances the organization, retrieval, and preservation of historical records, while also offering the capability to uncover hidden knowledge and trends. These advancements underscore the vital synergy between AI and archive management, revolutionising how National archive of Malaysia could harness their uncaptioned photos to provide some insight out of the photos for improved decision-making and historical preservation. The findings show that that the accuracy of adopted algorithms K-Means at 83.3%, Mean Shift at 78.0%, and Gaussian Mixture stood at 80.3% accuracy rate respectively.
Evaluating the Scholarly Trends on Issues, Strategies and Sustainable Development of Digitisation of Documentary Heritage: A Thematic Review
Authors: Che Hasssan Nor Hasni , Wan Mohd Saman Wan Satirah , Shaifuddin Norshila
Published: April 2024

The transformation from conventional archival practices to the digitization of documentary heritage collections represents a pivotal undertaking in the safeguarding and facilitation of access to historical and cultural materials in the digital era. Digitization helps preserve precious materials, making high-quality digital images available electronically. In the context of this paper, manuscripts are categorized as valuable assets and historical documentary heritage and will be discussed in detail.  The underpinning of this thematic review paper is to identify the issues that have been discussed in the digitization of documentary heritage publications from the years 2010-2021 using ATLAS.ti 8. A keyword search, followed by a filter using inclusion criteria from SCOPUS, Web of Science and Mendeley databases, identified 424 peer-reviewed journal articles and, after the inclusion and exclusion process, only 28 articles were used as the final articles to be reviewed. Findings show four distinct categories: collaboration and participation; disaster preparedness; crowdsourcing; and cultural heritage information system.
Technology, Organization and Environment as Strategic Factors of Big Data Analytics Readiness and Acquisition Intention to Adopt Big Data Analytics in Malaysian Libraries
Authors: Salman Mohamad Salbihan , Ahdullah Sani Mad Khir Johari , Sahid Noor Zaidi
Published: April 2024

Libraries can learn BD analytics. The report examines Malaysian library big data analytics for new research. Complete subject debate recordings enhance comprehension. Adopt TOE-BDA. Multiple research gaps led this study. Malaysian libraries use new BDA. Not predictive, most data analysis is descriptive. Libraries and information science rarely use big data analytics (BDA). Initial measurement analysis revealed framework concerns. TOE, BDAR, and big data analytics acquisition propensity were linked in structural model analysis. This study made three empirical, theoretical, and practical contributions. The study empirically tests Malaysian libraries' relationship. Future researchers may explore TOE, BDA, and AITABDA using the paradigm. Measure TOE/BDAR.
Potential of Large Language Models in Health Care: Delphi Study
Authors: Denecke Kerstin , May Richard ,   LLMHealthGroup, Rivera Romero Octavio
Published: April 2024

Background

A large language model (LLM) is a machine learning model inferred from text data that captures subtle patterns of language use in context. Modern LLMs are based on neural network architectures that incorporate transformer methods. They allow the model to relate words together through attention to multiple words in a text sequence. LLMs have been shown to be highly effective for a range of tasks in natural language processing (NLP), including classification and information extraction tasks and generative applications.

Objective

The aim of this adapted Delphi study was to collect researchers’ opinions on how LLMs might influence health care and on the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of LLM use in health care.

Methods

We invited researchers in the fields of health informatics, nursing informatics, and medical NLP to share their opinions on LLM use in health care. We started the first round with open questions based on our strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats framework. In the second and third round, the participants scored these items.

Results

The first, second, and third rounds had 28, 23, and 21 participants, respectively. Almost all participants (26/28, 93% in round 1 and 20/21, 95% in round 3) were affiliated with academic institutions. Agreement was reached on 103 items related to use cases, benefits, risks, reliability, adoption aspects, and the future of LLMs in health care. Participants offered several use cases, including supporting clinical tasks, documentation tasks, and medical research and education, and agreed that LLM-based systems will act as health assistants for patient education. The agreed-upon benefits included increased efficiency in data handling and extraction, improved automation of processes, improved quality of health care services and overall health outcomes, provision of personalized care, accelerated diagnosis and treatment processes, and improved interaction between patients and health care professionals. In total, 5 risks to health care in general were identified: cybersecurity breaches, the potential for patient misinformation, ethical concerns, the likelihood of biased decision-making, and the risk associated with inaccurate communication. Overconfidence in LLM-based systems was recognized as a risk to the medical profession. The 6 agreed-upon privacy risks included the use of unregulated cloud services that compromise data security, exposure of sensitive patient data, breaches of confidentiality, fraudulent use of information, vulnerabilities in data storage and communication, and inappropriate access or use of patient data.

Conclusions

Future research related to LLMs should not only focus on testing their possibilities for NLP-related tasks but also consider the workflows the models could contribute to and the requirements regarding quality, integration, and regulations needed for successful implementation in practice.
Metabolic syndrome, dyssomnia, and melatonin
Authors: Serhiyenko V.О. , Sehin V.B. , Hotsko M.E. , Serhiyenko L.M. , Serhiyenko О.О.
Published: April 2024

In recent years, there has been an interest in studying the specifics of the relationships between metabolic syndrome (MetS), sleep disorders and melatonin (MEL). Dyssomnia and insomnia are important risk factors for insulin resistance, obesity, MetS, and type 2 diabetes mellitus with a degree of influence similar to traditional factors. Thus, the treatment of dyssomnia is one of the key tasks in the prevention and treatment of MetS. The regulation of sleep and circadian rhythms by exogenous intervention (in particular, the use of melatonergic drugs) is likely to play a central role in the prevention and treatment of dyssomnia in MetS. MEL acts as a powerful antioxidant that can cross the blood-brain barrier, suppress oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and interact with the gut microbiome. From a clinical point of view, an imbalance of MEL may indicate a “darkness deficit”. It has been proven that the neurohormone has systemic effects due to its mechanisms of action, the potential to influence the course of many chronic diseases. Currently, melatonergic drugs are approved exclusively for the treatment of insomnia, jetlag, and depression accompanied by sleep disorders. However, MEL potentially has therapeutic properties in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, post-traumatic stress disorder, neuropsychiatric disorders, dementia, autoimmune and allergic diseases. The increasing need for the use of MEL products has prompted the search for safe but environmentally friendly medicines. It is reported that phytomelatonin may have advantages related to improved bioavailability and efficacy. The purpose of this review is to analyze the specifics of the relationship between MetS, dyssomnia, and MEL. The search was conducted in Scopus, Science Direct (from Else­vier), and PubMed, including MEDLINE databases. The keywords used were “metabolic syndrome”, “dyssomnia”, “insomnia”, “obstructive sleep apnea”, and “melatonin”. We conducted a manual search of the bibliography of publications to identify research results that were eluded during the online search.
Alzheimer Patient Tracker Using Android Development
Authors: Yadav Prof. J. H.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Dementia is a condition often linked with cognitive decline and is more prevalent in older individuals. Because of its progressive nature, it can lead to various changes in sensory perceptions for those affected. Consequently, consistently tracking the assistance requirements of patients and monitoring the noise levels in their surroundings can be a significant challenge for caregivers, particularly healthcare professionals in nursing facilities. In this study, we introduce an application with a userfriendly interface designed for the non-invasive acoustic monitoring of patients while respecting their privacy. This is accomplished by employing neural network-based models for sound scene classification and source location estimation. These models are trained to achieve impressive results of 98.80% accuracy. The application also compares the time-averaged sound levels to recommended standards based on the specific location and time of the day.
Dynamic Vocal Avatar: An Advanced Virtual Voice Assistant
Authors: Anand Arpit , Pratap Anukool , Singh Rajnish Kr. , Yadav Indresh , Bhullar Er. Harkirat Singh
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This research study investigates the design and use of a Python virtual voice assistant. This research delves into the present condition of virtual voice assistants, user perceptions of these platforms, and possible obstacles to their adoption. The many concepts and technologies used in the development of virtual voice assistants are explored, as well as the advantages and difficulties they provide, through an extensive survey of the literature. The methodology section describes the study's research strategy, data-gathering procedures, and analytic strategies. A virtual voice assistant system implementation guide is included, along with talks on the advantages and disadvantages of this kind of technology. In addition to offering ideas for further research in this area, this work advances the technology of voice assistants
Geospatial-Enabled Smart Bins: Optimizing Waste Management for a Cleaner Environment
Authors: Gorla Hampika , Alekhya V , Kashimshetty Narasimha , Lingala Rohith , Ankiraopally Karthik
Published: April 2024

Abstract: As technology advances, a greater number of aspects of human existence use it to improve response times to customers by cutting down on latency and speeding up processing. The "smart bins" were one such device. Despite being user-friendly for citizens, it is more useful for organizations, as it uses sensors to generate information on the bin's status, such as if it is full. Our focus is to create a smart bin that is also user-friendly for citizens. With the use of these smart bins, residents can quickly and easily report any issues they are having with the bin to the respected organization. Our objective benefits the organizations as well as the citizens. Our smart bins are equipped with Geospatial technology, so based on citizen complaints about specific bins, an online platform will determine the fastest way to visit every bin in the least amount of time. Using this method, organizations may solve the issue faster and with less personnel. In this way, everyone will become accountable for their locality and the globe will be hygienic.
Static Finite Element Analysis of Roll Cage of Patrolling ATV Developed by CSMT, BSF Academy Tekanpur
Authors: Chandra Manish , Verma Anil Kumar , Saxena Gaurav
Published: April 2024

Abstract: An All-Terrain Vehicle (ATV) roll cage is a structural arrangement that gives three-dimensional protection for the driver in the event of a rollover or abrupt impact accident, while also supporting the subsystems. In order to ensure that an ATV is structurally well-balanced and can protect the driver from impacts from the terrain, it should meet regulations with a proven design, few structural elements, light weight, great strength, and should be tested for unexpected impact loading. The objective of present work is to formulate a conceptual design followed by analysis of roll cage of robust 3-seater ATV need to be fabricated by CSMT, Tekanpur for the BSF frontiers at creeks of Gujarat. Ansys student 2024 R1 is used for analysis under defined constraints like front, side and rear impact on the roll cage. Three types of materials AISI 4130, AISI 1020 (DOM), and AISI 1018 are used for comparative analysis of crash test. This work provides the well-studied and optimal design approach on ATV roll cage to improve its impact bearing capability with better weight reduction and enriched strength ratio for a long duration. The research aims to give an introduction to the material selection procedure that need to be done before finalizing the design, using FEA software. In present work, various factors such as impact force calculations, loading points, generated Von-Misses Stress, deformation and Factor of Safety (FOS) are studied. The result of Finite Element Analysis (FEA) simulation showed least stress and deformation with highest factor of safety to suggests AISI 4130 as best suitable material for fabrication of roll cage
Guardian Shield: Advance Phishing Detection Using Machine Learning
Authors: Ghongade Prof. A. R. , Tarone Miss. Ayeshwarya , Urkude Mr. Rushabh , Sardar Mr. Gaurav , Wathore Mr. Abhishek , Chafale Miss. Yaminee
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Criminals seeking sensitive information construct illegal clones of actual websites and e-mail accounts. The e-mail will be made up of real firm logos and slogans. When a user clicks on a link provided by these hackers, the hackers gain access to all of the user's private information, including bank account information, personal login passwords, and images. Random Forest and Decision Tree algorithms are heavily employed in present systems, and their accuracy has to be enhanced. The existing models have low latency. Existing systems do not have a specific user interface. In the current system, different algorithms are not compared. Consumers are led to a faked website that appears to be from the authentic company when the e-mails or the links provided are opened. The models are used to detect phishing Websites based on URL significance features, as well as to find and implement the optimal machine learning model. Logistic Regression, Multinomial Naive Bayes, and XG Boost are the machine learning methods that are compared. The Logistic Regression algorithm outperforms the other two.
Agile Governance in Optimizing Digital Literacy for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMe) in Kulon Progo Regency
Authors: Atmojo Muhammad Eko , Darumurti Awang , Hanif Nita Aribah
Published: April 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on all sectors, especially the economy in Indonesia and the regions, one of which includes Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). Data from the DIY Cooperatives and UMKM Service shows that 59% of MSMEs have experienced the direct impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, on the other hand MSMEs have a very strategic role in improving the Indonesian economy. Kulon Progo Regency is one of the districts that has a solution to overcome the problem of marketing MSME products, one of which is belabeliku.com. Having this solution does not mean there are no problems, because there are many MSMEs in Kulon Progo Regency who do not understand digital literacy well. The method used in this study is a qualitative method, one of the techniques is interviews and documentation, besides that this research also utilizes the artificial intelligent Nvivo 12 plus as an analytical tool. Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that the government has made a special policy by providing training for MSME actors, collaborating with the Yogyakarta Regional Development Bank (BPD) in providing electronic payment services, and creating a marketplace platform. With the policies that have been made, it will be very helpful for MSME actors, especially the platform creation policy in marketing MSME products. However, the platform created is not adequate and optimal, besides that the platform created is still unable to compete with other marketplace applications.
Analysis of the State Archives Republican Archives Documents on Tuberculosis and Fight Against Tuberculosis in the Early Republican Period in Turkiye
Authors: İnce Fuat , Özbek Güven Gamze , Yılmaz Şerife
Published: April 2024

Purpose: To share information obtained as a result of examination of archival documents related to tuberculosis and the fight against tuberculosis between 1923-1938.

Method: Study, which is a qualitative research, was designed as a document analysis. Previous publications on subject were examined. State Archives Republican Archives Catalogue was scanned. Documents found were analysed. Selected documents were included in study. Study covers the period of Atatürk (1923-1938).

Results: In early Republican period, Turkiye gave importance to fight against tuberculosis together with infectious diseases such as malaria, trachoma and syphilis. successful works initiated in Ottoman period were continued and additional works were initiated according to new practices and principles. Tuberculosis and fight against tuberculosis were discussed in "National Turkish Medical Congresses". In following period, main theme of the 11th Congress would be tuberculosis. The Ministry of Health has defined a concept for the fight against infectious diseases and implemented it. Guideline on fight against tuberculosis has started to be published. New dispensaries and sanatoriums were built. Efforts were made to increase existing bed capacity. use of BCG vaccine was introduced. New facilities were built at "Central Institute of Hygine" to start vaccine production. Participation in international exhibitions and congresses was ensured. Arrangements were made regarding the staff and salaries of doctors and nurses, and new civil servant positions were created for the fight against tuberculosis.

Conclusion: It would not be wrong to say that works carried out in early Republican period were a stepping stone for the great successes to be achieved in the fight against tuberculosis in future.
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia and Ventilation-Associated Outcomes After Pediatric Tracheostomy
Authors: Johnson Romaine , Beams Dylan , Nadar Arushii , Afolabi Folashade A. , Gelfand Andrew , Brooks Rebecca , Chorney Stephen R. , Kou Yann-Fuu
Published: April 2024

Objectives: To determine the time to ventilator liberation and
decannulation after tracheostomy placement in children with
bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and pulmonary hypertension.
Methods: A prospective cohort study included all children
(<18 years old) who underwent tracheostomy between 2015 and
2021 with or without a diagnosis of BPD. The primary outcome measures
were times to mechanical ventilator liberation, tracheostomy
decannulation, or death with tracheostomy in place. Patient
demographics, associated comorbidities, and outcomes were compared
between groups. Results: A total of 318 children met inclusion
with a median (interquartile, IQR) age at tracheostomy of 6.9 (IQR: 4.1
– 49.2) months and 54% (N=170) were male. A diagnosis of BPD was made
for 43% (N=136) and this group was younger at tracheostomy placement
(5.2 vs. 24.5 months, P<.001) and more often had
pulmonary hypertension (65% vs. 24%, P<.001) than
children without BPD. Children with BPD spent a median of 2.92 years
(IQR: 1.60 – 4.03) on mechanical ventilation compared to 1.84 years
(IQR: 0.84 – 3.60) for children without BPD ( P=.003).
Unadjusted estimation of time to decannulation was longer for children
with BPD (HR=0.92, 95% CI: 0.62 – 1.38). The adjusted survival
analysis for time to mortality included pulmonary hypertension as a
variable of significance (aHR= 2.5, 95% CI: 1.43 – 4.40).
Conclusion: The presence of BPD is associated with an increased
duration of mechanical ventilation and time to tracheostomy
decannulation. Pulmonary hypertension is associated with an increased
mortality risk among this vulnerable population of children.
Designing Spin-Crossover Systems to Enhance Thermopower and Thermoelertic Figure-of-Merit in Paramagnetic Materials
Authors: Polash Md Mobarak Hossain , Stone Matthew B. , Chi Songxue , Vashaee Daryoosh
Published: April 2024

Thermoelectric materials, capable of converting temperature gradients
into electrical power, have been traditionally limited by a trade-off
between thermopower and electrical conductivity. This study introduces a
novel, broadly applicable approach that enhances both the spin-driven
thermopower and the thermoelectric figure-of-merit (zT) without
compromising electrical conductivity, using temperature-driven spin
crossover. Our approach, supported by both theoretical and experimental
evidence, is demonstrated through a case study of chromium
doped-manganese telluride, but is not confined to this material and can
be extended to other magnetic materials. By introducing dopants to
create a high crystal field and exploiting the entropy changes
associated with temperature-driven spin crossover, we achieved a
significant increase in thermopower, by approximately 136 μV/K,
representing more than a 200% enhancement at elevated temperatures
within the paramagnetic domain. Our exploration of the bipolar
semiconducting nature of these materials reveals that suppressing
bipolar magnon/paramagnon-drag thermopower is key to understanding and
utilizing spin crossover-driven thermopower. These findings, validated
by inelastic neutron scattering, X-ray photoemission spectroscopy,
thermal transport, and energy conversion measurements, shed light on
crucial material design parameters. We provide a comprehensive framework
that analyzes the interplay between spin entropy, hopping transport, and
magnon/paramagnon lifetimes, paving the way for the development of
high-performance spin-driven thermoelectric materials.
Greater impact of energy expenditure over harvest rate on resource conversion efficiency as herbivores grow
Authors: Gou Xiaowei , Rong Yuping , Cheng Yunxiang , Li Pengzhen , Zhang Hongbo , Zhang Zhenhao , Huo Tianci , Li Guozheng , Liang Junyi
Published: April 2024

1. Herbivores adopt foraging strategies to maximize efficiency in
diverse, resource-constrained environments. However, the effectiveness
of these strategies may be more constrained by their capacity for energy
cost rather than their ability to acquire resources. The swift
utilization of resources during acquisition is crucial for optimizing
energy conversion efficiency in animals. Nonetheless, the energy
expended in this process inherently limits food conversion efficiency
(FCE), an aspect that remains insufficiently explored in current
research. 2. In this study, we introduced a concept framework that
integrates harvest rate (HR) and energy expenditures (EE) into
evaluating herbivore FCE. Utilizing high-resolution tri-axial
accelerometry within a grazing treatments platform, we analyzed the
behaviors of herbivores (Ovis aries) to determine the energy costs and
time allocation for both lamb and dry ewe groups. 3. Our analysis
demonstrated an inverse correlation between HR and EE, exhibiting both
positive and negative influences on FCE. Notably, the impact of EE was
more pronounced in larger-sized grazers (dry ewes), while HR
significantly influenced smaller-sized grazers (lambs). However, the
interaction effects between these variables tended to neutralize the
variations in FCE observed across both groups. 4. Our research
highlights how the behavioral patterns of grazers, in terms of resource
acquisition and relative energy costs, are pivotal in determining
resource utilization efficiency. Additionally, it reveals the trade-offs
in these behaviors, which transition from being beneficial to
restrictive as the body grows. This finding substantiates the theory
that the behavior of herbivores is a reliable predictor of their
efficiency in resource utilization.
Learning to infer weather states using partial observations
Authors: Chao Jie , Pan Baoxiang , Chen Quanliang , Yang Shangshang , Wang Jingnan , nai congyi , Zheng Yue , Li Xichen , Yuan Huiling , Chen Xi , Lu Bo , Xiao Ziniu
Published: April 2024

Accurate state estimation of the high-dimensional, chaotic Earth
atmosphere marks a Sisyphean task, yet is indispensable for initiating
weather forecast and gauging climate variability. While much effort is
devoted to assimilating observations and forecasts to infer weather
state, the inherent low-dimensional statistical structure in atmospheric
circulation, shaped by geophysical laws and geographic boundaries, is
underutilized as informative prior for state inference, or as reference
for assessing representative of existing observations and planning new
ones. We realize these potential by learning climatological distribution
from climate reanalysis/simulation, using deep generative model. For a
case study of estimating 2 m temperature spatial patterns, the learned
distribution faithfully reproduces climatology statistics. A combination
of the learned climatological prior with few station observations yields
strong posterior of spatial pattern estimates, which are spatially
coherent, faithful and adaptive to observation constraints, and
uncertainty-aware. This allows us to evaluate each observation’s value
in reducing state estimation uncertainty, and guide optimal observation
network design by pinpointing the most informative sites. Our study
showcases how generative models can extract and utilize information
produced in the chaotic evolution of climate system.
Integrating interdisciplinary data: The EMERGE Database and its broader lessons for data management best practices
Authors: Hodgkins Suzanne , Bolduc Benjamin , Miller Dustin , Rich Virginia , Institute EMERGE Biology Integration
Published: April 2024

In environmental research, cross-disciplinary analyses enable the
discovery of novel insights that may not otherwise be evident. Doing
these analyses efficiently requires integration of heterogeneous data
into a common data structure; however, this type of data integration
represents a major challenge, especially for large, multi-institutional
projects. Not only should the sharing of individual datasets follow FAIR
principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable), but the
ideal data management system should also include a central
multidisciplinary data organization framework.

The EMERGE Database (EMERGE-DB;
https://emerge-db.asc.ohio-state.edu/) is the central data hub of
the EMERGE Biology Integration Institute (NSF award # 2022070), which
investigates the changing dynamics of a thawing permafrost ecosystem in
Stordalen Mire, northern Sweden. The EMERGE-DB accomplishes the
essential tasks of data management (i.e., data storage and sharing),
while also offering more advanced functionality to facilitate
interdisciplinary collaboration. Data and standardized
metadata—including both sample and file metadata—are integrated
within a Neo4j graph database, which allows combined datasets from
different source files to be obtained via efficient custom queries. A
front-end web portal provides access to this data for both the public
and for EMERGE project members (who can access non-public data via
login), with different pages providing different “views” of the
database for different common use cases. Although data are still
deposited to external community repositories (e.g. Zenodo, NCBI
databases) to ensure cost-effective long-term accessibility, these
depositions are tracked within the EMERGE-DB’s standardized metadata
system, with all internally- and externally-stored datasets displayed
within a centralized page on the web portal. Although this data
integration and sharing framework is customized for the EMERGE project’s
needs, many of its guiding principles—such as the centralized web
access point for all datasets, and general file formatting standards to
streamline the detailed integration of sample metadata—are broadly
applicable as “best practices” that other projects can apply in their
own data management systems.
Análisis de riesgos en el proceso de limpia pública de un municipio de Veracruz, México
Authors: Tobon-Galicia Lucila-Guadalupe , Fuentes-Rosas Liliana , Flores-Serrano María-del Socorro , Gurruchaga-Rodríguez María-Eloísa
Published: April 2024

Problemática. Los puestos de confianza del municipio de Tezonapa son otorgados a personas que apoyaron la campaña política del administrador municipal, a quienes la necesidad de emplearse les obliga a aceptar las actividades encomendadas sin previa capacitación, el desconocimiento los expone a peligros que terminan en lesiones y enfermedades relacionadas con el trabajo. 

Objetivos. Identificar los peligros a los que están expuestos los trabajadores de limpia pública, evaluar los riesgos y establecer medidas para controlarlos y prevenir lesiones y/o enfermedades profesionales.

Materiales y métodos. Se utilizó la metodología para la identificación de peligros, riesgos y su control (IPERC), iniciando con el conocimiento de actividades en cada puesto y tipo de peligro, se determinó el escenario de riesgo, causas y consecuencias, se evaluó la magnitud del riesgo para finalmente establecer medidas de control.

Resultados. Se propusieron acciones encaminadas a disminuir los riesgos de trabajo, se logró la sensibilización del personal en materia de seguridad y se consiguió que la administración tomara conciencia del trabajo que se realiza y proporcionara equipo de protección personal, ambos, disminuyen la magnitud de los riesgos localizados.

Discusión. El análisis de riesgos debe de actualizarse conforme el seguimiento a las acciones, algunas pueden necesitar mayor tiempo de solución, ya que requieren inversión monetaria y la seguridad del personal no se considera prioridad, sin embargo, concientizar al personal de los riesgos e informarlos a la administración, es un avance considerable que respalda cualquier eventualidad futura.

Conclusiones. Los riesgos evaluados se clasifican de triviales a moderados, el puesto con mayor porcentaje de riesgos moderados es el colector; el cumplimiento de los controles, dependen en su mayoría del cuidado de los trabajadores al ejecutar sus funciones.

Contribución/originalidad. La implementación de la matriz IPERC produce el primer acercamiento a los problemas que presentan los trabajadores del área de limpia pública.
FormaCaracterización Del Clima Organizacional Y Bienestar Laboral De Los Asesores Comerciales De La Empresa Ktronix Unicentro Bogotá
Authors: Montoya Arévalo Nelson Leonardo
Published: April 2024

Para las empresas en el siglo XXI es indispensable que las personas que ejecutan las labores se encuentren inmersas en una satisfacción personal, que forjen a través de sus actividades productos o servicios con efectividad para que la organización obtenga los objetivos de producción y su ejercicio económico Desde esta perspectiva, la investigación tiene como objetivo Caracterizar el clima organizacional y bienestar laboral de 55 asesores comerciales adscritos a la empresa Ktronix Unicentro Bogotá.  

La investigación se realiza bajo un enfoque cuantitativo con alcance de carácter descriptivo y explicativo mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario de encuesta, Para el análisis de datos se recurre al análisis descriptivo a fin de explorar los datos para descubrir patrones o tendencias, la estadística descriptiva para determinar los niveles de satisfacción laboral, motivación, la estructura del equipo de trabajo y rasgos destacados de los datos encontrados. 

Como resultados recalca la satisfacción favorable por parte del personal, hallando discrepancias explicativas según la antigüedad en la organización, la edad y el puesto que ocupan.
Characterization of modern plastic scintillators containing large stokes-shift luminophores
Authors: Rajchl Erik , Janda Jiri , Zelinka Jiri
Published: April 2024

The development, preparation, and properties of new plastic scintillators,
based on polyvinyl toluene matrix EJ-290 and only one luminophore with a
large Stokes shift, are addressed. The primary luminophores tested were
2-(1-naphthyl)-5-phenyloxazole, 1-phenyl-3-mesityl-2-pyrazoline, and
2,5-bis(5-tert-butyl-benzoxazol-2-yl)thiophene. These were subsequently
compared with the commercially used luminophores 2,5-diphenyloxazole and
p-terphenyl in combination with wavelength shifters (secondary luminophores)
1,4-bis(2-methylstyryl) benzene and 1,4-bis(5-phenyl-2-oxazolyl)benzene
made from the same polyvinyl toluene matrix in the same dimensions. For
plastic scintillators produced in this way, their detection properties, such
as Compton edge and detection efficiency, were characterized.
Risk assessment of flying through a zone with increased radioactive radiation
Authors: Ivkovic Aleksandar , Ilic Srecko , Radovanovic Radovan , Milic Sasa
Published: April 2024

This research deals with the assessment of the risk to which air traffic is
exposed in zones of increased level of radioactive radiation. Natural
disasters and war conflicts, which take place around nuclear power plants
and the radioactive area (Chernobyl), create fear that large amounts of
radioactive material may be released into the atmosphere. The paper analyzed
the effects of: the efficiency of the HEPA filter in relation to the size of
the radioactive dust particles, radioactivity on the aircraft
instrumentation, radioactivity on the engine and the contribution of the
engine in the spread of radioactivity to the crew in the aircraft. An
assessment of the risk of exposure to radioactive radiation in the aircraft
was put in perspective, depending on the type of aircraft and the dose of
radiation.
Misconceptions and Beliefs Related to Diabetes Care and Their Effect on A1C Values in People With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Almasri Heba , Popp Ryan A.
Published: April 2024

Despite recent therapeutic advances, diabetes remains the seventh leading cause of death in the United States. Clinicians caring for people with diabetes often find that low health literacy interferes with diabetes care. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine which diabetes-related misunderstandings or potentially maladaptive health beliefs were present among people at a low-income community clinic in Harris County, TX, and to determine the effect of such misconceptions on A1C values.
Glucose Regulation of β-Cell KATP Channels: It Is Time for a New Model!
Authors: Merrins Matthew J. , Kibbey Richard G.
Published: April 2024

An agreed-upon consensus model of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from healthy β-cells is essential for understanding diabetes pathophysiology. Since the discovery of the KATP channel in 1984, an oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos)–driven rise in ATP has been assumed to close KATP channels to initiate insulin secretion. This model lacks any evidence, genetic or otherwise, that mitochondria possess the bioenergetics to raise the ATP/ADP ratio to the triggering threshold, and conflicts with genetic evidence demonstrating that OxPhos is dispensable for insulin secretion. It also conflates the stoichiometric yield of OxPhos with thermodynamics, and overestimates OxPhos by failing to account for established features of β-cell metabolism, such as leak, anaplerosis, cataplerosis, and NADPH production that subtract from the efficiency of mitochondrial ATP production. We have proposed an alternative model, based on the spatial and bioenergetic specializations of β-cell metabolism, in which glycolysis initiates insulin secretion. The evidence for this model includes that 1) glycolysis has high control strength over insulin secretion; 2) glycolysis is active at the correct time to explain KATP channel closure; 3) plasma membrane–associated glycolytic enzymes control KATP channels; 4) pyruvate kinase has favorable bioenergetics, relative to OxPhos, for raising ATP/ADP; and 5) OxPhos stalls before membrane depolarization and increases after. Although several key experiments remain to evaluate this model, the 1984 model is based purely on circumstantial evidence and must be rescued by causal, mechanistic experiments if it is to endure.