bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanical Response of Porcine Liver Tissue under High Strain Rate Compression
Authors: Chen Joseph , Patnaik Sourav S. , Prabhu R. K. , Priddy Lauren B. , Bouvard Jean-Luc , Marin Esteban , Horstemeyer Mark F. , Liao Jun , Williams Lakiesha N.
Published: May 2019

In automobile accidents, abdominal injuries are often life-threatening yet not apparent at the time of initial injury. The liver is the most commonly injured abdominal organ from this type of trauma. In contrast to current safety tests involving crash dummies, a more detailed, efficient approach to predict the risk of human injuries is computational modelling and simulations. Further, the development of accurate computational human models requires knowledge of the mechanical properties of tissues in various stress states, especially in high-impact scenarios. In this study, a polymeric split-Hopkinson pressure bar (PSHPB) was utilized to apply various high strain rates to porcine liver tissue to investigate its material behavior during high strain rate compression. Liver tissues were subjected to high strain rate impacts at 350, 550, 1000, and 1550 s−1. Tissue directional dependency was also explored by PSHPB testing along three orthogonal directions of liver at a strain rate of 350 s−1. Histology of samples from each of the three directions was performed to examine the structural properties of porcine liver. Porcine liver tissue showed an inelastic and strain rate-sensitive response at high strain rates. The liver tissue was found lacking directional dependency, which could be explained by the isotropic microstructure observed after staining and imaging. Furthermore, finite element analysis (FEA) of the PSHPB tests revealed the stress profile inside liver tissue and served as a validation of PSHPB methodology. The present findings can assist in the development of more accurate computational models of liver tissue at high-rate impact conditions allowing for understanding of subfailure and failure mechanisms.
Self Manipulated Cervical Spine Leads to Posterior Disc Herniation and Spinal Stenosis
Authors: McGilvery Wyatt , Eastin Marc , Sen Anish , Witkos Maciej
Published: May 2019

The authors report a case in which a 38-year-old male who presented himself to the emergency department with a chief complaint of cervical neck pain and paresthesia radiating from the right pectoral region down his distal right arm following self-manipulation of the patient’s own cervical vertebrae. Initial emergency department imaging via cervical x-ray and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) without contrast revealed no cervical fractures; however, there was evidence of an acute cervical disc herniation (C3–C7) with severe herniation and spinal stenosis located at C5–C6. Immediate discectomy at C5–C6 and anterior arthrodesis was conducted in order to decompress the cervical spinal cord. Acute traumatic cervical disc herniation is rare in comparison to disc herniation due to the chronic degradation of the posterior annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus. Traumatic cervical hernias usually arise due to a very large external force causing hyperflexion or hyperextension of the cervical vertebrae. However, there have been reports of cervical injury arising from cervical spinal manipulation therapy (SMT) where a licensed professional applies a rotary force component. This can be concerning, considering that 12 million Americans receive SMT annually (Powell, F.C.; Hanigan, W.C.; Olivero, W.C. A risk/benefit analysis of spinal manipulation therapy for relief of lumbar or cervical pain. Neurosurgery 1993, 33, 73–79.). This case study involved an individual who was able to apply enough rotary force to his own cervical vertebrae, causing severe neurological damage requiring surgical intervention. Individuals with neck pain should be advised of the complications of SMT, and provided with alternative treatment methods, especially if one is willing to self manipulate.
A Direct Link between Rényi–Tsallis Entropy and Hölder’s Inequality—Yet Another Proof of Rényi–Tsallis Entropy Maximization
Authors: Tanaka Hisa-Aki , Nakagawa Masaki , Oohama Yasutada
Published: May 2019

The well-known Hölder’s inequality has been recently utilized as an essential tool for solving several optimization problems. However, such an essential role of Hölder’s inequality does not seem to have been reported in the context of generalized entropy, including Rényi–Tsallis entropy. Here, we identify a direct link between Rényi–Tsallis entropy and Hölder’s inequality. Specifically, we demonstrate yet another elegant proof of the Rényi–Tsallis entropy maximization problem. Especially for the Tsallis entropy maximization problem, only with the equality condition of Hölder’s inequality is the q-Gaussian distribution uniquely specified and also proved to be optimal.
Optimal Conductor Size Selection in Distribution Networks with High Penetration of Distributed Generation Using Adaptive Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Zhao Zhenghui , Mutale Joseph
Published: May 2019

The widespread deployment of distributed generation (DG) has significantly impacted the planning and operation of current distribution networks. The environmental benefits and the reduced installation cost have been the primary drivers for the investment in large-scale wind farms and photovoltaics (PVs). However, the distribution network operators (DNOs) face the challenge of conductor upgrade and selection problems due to the increasing capacity of DG. In this paper, a hybrid optimization approach is introduced to solve the optimal conductor size selection (CSS) problem in the distribution network with high penetration of DGs. An adaptive genetic algorithm (AGA) is employed as the primary optimization strategy to find the optimal conductor sizes for distribution networks. The aim of the proposed approach is to minimize the sum of life-cycle cost (LCC) of the selected conductor and the total energy procurement cost during the expected operation periods. Alternating current optimal power flow (AC-OPF) analysis is applied as the secondary optimization strategy to capture the economic dispatch (ED) and return the results to the primary optimization process when a certain conductor arrangement is assigned by AGA. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm for optimal CSS is validated through simulations on modified IEEE 33-bus and IEEE 69-bus distribution systems.
Control Strategy for Active Hierarchical Equalization Circuits of Series Battery Packs
Authors: Wu Xiaogang , Cui Zhihao , Li Xuefeng , Du Jiuyu , Liu Ye
Published: May 2019

Most series battery active equalization circuits implement the equalization first within the series and then between the series, which restricts the equilibrium speed. A hierarchical equalization circuit topology based on the Buck-Boost module is applied in this paper. The equalization is divided into two different equalization processes according to the equilibrium energy flow. The two equalization processes can be performed simultaneously, and the currents in the different hierarchical circuits do not affect each other, thus achieving simultaneous equalizations within the series and between the series. An equalization condition of the terminal voltage is applied and simulations and experiments on charge, discharge, and static equalizations in the four series-connected ternary lithium-ion batteries are performed.
Novel Segmented Roadside Plugging-Filling Mining Method and Overlying Rock Mechanical Mechanism Analyses
Authors: Mu Wenqiang , Li Lianchong , Guo Zhongping , Du Zhaowen , Wang Sixu
Published: May 2019

The no-pillar mining method is widely used in coal mining engineering because of its superiority in resolving mine pressure hazards and protecting natural resources. In view of the geological conditions of stable strata in a coal mine of the Shandong Coal Zone, a novel segmented roadside plugging-filling mining method is proposed by introducing the filling coefficient into roadside filling. The operation process is designed with a new grouting filling forming device. Based on the relationship between the theoretical deflection of a cantilever beam and geometric settlement and parallel settlement models, strength formulas applicable to the segmented roadside plugging-filling (SRPF) method at different migration stages are obtained, and the deformation formulas of a roadway toward a rock slab are solved by an elastic equivalent model. Further, the determination procedure of the filling mode under the mining method is clarified. The SRPF method was implemented on a test stope, and the test results indicated that the theoretical deformation produced by the SRPF method was small and can meet the mining requirements. Through on-site test monitoring, the deformation of surrounding rock was 0–160 mm and the filling body under the SRPF method could maintain its own strength and the stability of the surrounding rock. In addition, entire successful mining been completed in the working stope, which further proves the applicability of this method. The backfilling cost of the gob-side filling was reduced by approximately 50%, and the backfilling efficiency was improved in the mine. The description of the novel mining method may provide theoretical and practical guidance for coal mining in similar geological conditions.
Temporal Variation of Earthworm Impacts on Soil Organic Carbon under Different Tillage Systems
Authors: Guo Yafei , Zhang Xiaoping , Zhang Yan , Wu Donghui , McLaughlin Neil , Zhang Shixiu , Chen Xuewen , Jia Shuxia , Liang Aizhen
Published: May 2019

Previous research has shown the varied effect of earthworms on soil carbon dynamics. We carried out a 180-day incubation experiment with earthworms and maize residue additions under conventional tillage (CT) and no tillage (NT) system conditions to quantify the earthworm effect in the black soil of northeastern China. Earthworms did not affect soil CO2 emissions, while residue addition significantly increased such emissions. The effects of earthworms on dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) gradually weakened with time in CT with and without residue addition, but gradually increased with time in NT with residue addition. In the CT system, earthworms accelerated the soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralization; and the newly added residue decomposed into SOC. In the NT system, earthworms accelerated the decomposition of native residues increasing the SOC content; this increase in decomposition rates by earthworms was greater than the inhibitory effect imposed by the addition of the new residue. Earthworms and residues combine to play a single role in CT and NT. This result will help in the understanding of the role of earthworms and residue in SOC dynamics, and in the development of management strategies to improve SOC.
School Choice at a Cost? Academic Achievement, School Satisfaction and Psychological Complaints among Students in Disadvantaged Areas of Stockholm
Authors: Granvik Saminathen Maria , Låftman Sara B. , Modin Bitte
Published: May 2019

School choice allows students from more disadvantaged district areas in metropolitan Swedish cities to commute to more prestigious schools outside of their residential area. This study examined how such students fare compared to their peers who attend more deprived schools in their own district area. Multilevel analysis was applied, estimating 2-level random intercept linear regression models based on cross-sectional survey data collected among ninth grade students in 2014 and 2016 (n = 2105). Analyses showed that students living in relatively disadvantaged district areas of Stockholm who chose to attend more prestigious schools outside of their residential area performed better academically compared to students who opted to remain at more deprived schools in their catchment area, an association that was partly mediated by school quality in terms of teacher-rated school ethos. Yet, commuting students reported lower school satisfaction and more psychological complaints than students who stayed behind, even when taking academic achievement and school ethos into account. The association with psychological complaints was partly mediated by school satisfaction. Thus, the academic gain associated with having chosen to commute from a disadvantaged area to a more prestigious school does not appear to translate into higher school satisfaction and better psychological well-being.
Ambient Air Pollution and Hospital Admissions for Peptic Ulcers in Taipei: A Time-Stratified Case-Crossover Study
Authors: Tsai Shang-Shyue , Chiu Hui-Fen , Yang Chun-Yuh
Published: May 2019

Very few studies have been performed to determine whether there is a relationship between air pollution and increases in hospitalizations for peptic ulcer, and for those that have occurred, their results may not be completely relevant to Taiwan, where the mixture of ambient air pollutants differ. We performed a time-stratified case-crossover study to investigate the possible association between air pollutant levels and hospital admissions for peptic ulcer in Taipei, Taiwan. To do this, we collected air pollution data from Taiwan's Environmental Protection Agency and hospital admissions for peptic ulcer data for the years 2009–2013 from Taiwan's National Health Insurance's research database. We used conditional logistic regression to analyze the possible association between the two, taking temperature and relative humidity into account. Risk was expressed as odds ratios and significance was expressed with 95% confidence intervals. In our single pollutant model, peptic ulcer admissions were significantly associated with all pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3) on warm days (>23 °C). On cool days (<23 °C), peptic ulcer admissions were significantly associated with PM10, NO2, and O3. In our two-pollutant models, peptic ulcer admissions were significantly associated NO2 and O3 when combined with each of the other pollutants on warm days, and with PM10, NO2, and O3 on cool days. It was concluded that the likelihood of peptic ulcer hospitalizations in Taipei rose significantly with increases in air pollutants during the study period.
Old Age Support in Urban China: The Role of Pension Schemes, Self-Support Ability and Intergenerational Assistance
Authors: Abruquah Lucille Aba , Yin Xiuxia , Ding Ya
Published: May 2019

With the aim of probing into the life satisfaction of retired urban elderly in China with respect to old age support systems, this study examines the effect of pension reform with its existing inequalities across demographic and social groups on the life satisfaction of retired urban residents. The complementary role of intergenerational assistance and self-support on the life satisfaction of beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries of the pension scheme was analyzed using an ordered logit regression model with 2015 national representative data from China’s Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey. Our sample consists of a cross-sectional data set of 3815 retired urban elderly aged 60 and above. The empirical results depict that though enjoying benefits from the public pension scheme generally enhances life satisfaction, beneficiaries of the Government and Institution Pension and Enterprise Employee Basic Pension are more advantaged than beneficiaries under the Urban-Rural Social Pension Scheme. The pension inequalities existing at provincial levels and across social groups such as gender and residence registration status also affect life satisfaction adversely. Women and rural ‘Hukou’ registered retired urban residents are at an apparent disadvantage. Getting financial and emotional support from children broadly improves life satisfaction. Non-beneficiaries of the public pension benefit more from the financial support of children than public pension beneficiaries. There is also a positive effect of cohabiting with children on life satisfaction when retired urban residents are single as compared to being married. Financial and physical self-support ability in forms of good health, home ownership and wealth management enhance life satisfaction significantly. However, largely, retired urban elderly have a higher life satisfaction when they are financially independent of children and are supported by state pension schemes. Our findings indicate that self-support ability of the elderly together with pension benefits are more effective in enhancing the life satisfaction of retired urban elderly in China. It is recommended that government institute policies to promote personal finance initiatives by the elderly while improving the pension scheme and reducing pension inequality.
DNA-Methylation-Based Detection of Urological Cancer in Urine: Overview of Biomarkers and Considerations on Biomarker Design, Source of DNA, and Detection Technologies
Authors: Larsen Louise Katrine , Lind Guro Elisabeth , Guldberg Per , Dahl Christina
Published: May 2019

Changes in DNA methylation have been causally linked with cancer and provide promising biomarkers for detection in biological fluids such as blood, urine, and saliva. The field has been fueled by genome-wide characterization of DNA methylation across cancer types as well as new technologies for sensitive detection of aberrantly methylated DNA molecules. For urological cancers, urine is in many situations the preferred “liquid biopsy” source because it contains exfoliated tumor cells and cell-free tumor DNA and can be obtained easily, noninvasively, and repeatedly. Here, we review recent advances made in the development of DNA-methylation-based biomarkers for detection of bladder, prostate, renal, and upper urinary tract cancers, with an emphasis on the performance characteristics of biomarkers in urine. For most biomarkers evaluated in independent studies, there was great variability in sensitivity and specificity. We discuss issues that impact the outcome of DNA-methylation-based detection of urological cancer and account for the great variability in performance, including genomic location of biomarkers, source of DNA, and technical issues related to the detection of rare aberrantly methylated DNA molecules. Finally, we discuss issues that remain to be addressed to fully exploit the potential of DNA-methylation-based biomarkers in the clinic, including the need for prospective trials and careful selection of control groups.
Identification of Proteins Differentially Expressed by Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Isolated from Immunodeficient Mice
Authors: Nakashima Yoshiki , Nahar Saifun , Miyagi-Shiohira Chika , Kinjo Takao , Kobayashi Naoya , Kitamura Shinji , Saitoh Issei , Watanabe Masami , Fujita Jiro , Noguchi Hirofumi
Published: May 2019

Although cell therapy using adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSCs) regulates immunity, the degree to which cell quality and function are affected by differences in immunodeficiency of donors is unknown. We used liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (LC MS/MS) to identify the proteins expressed by mouse AdMSCs (mAsMSCs) isolated from normal (C57BL/6) mice and mice with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). The protein expression profiles of each strain were 98%–100% identical, indicating that the expression levels of major proteins potentially associated with the therapeutic effects of mAdMSCs were highly similar. Further, comparable levels of cell surface markers (CD44, CD90.2) were detected using flow cytometry or LC MS/MS. MYH9, ACTN1, CANX, GPI, TPM1, EPRS, ITGB1, ANXA3, CNN2, MAPK1, PSME2, CTPS1, OTUB1, PSMB6, HMGB1, RPS19, SEC61A1, CTNNB1, GLO1, RPL22, PSMA2, SYNCRIP, PRDX3, SAMHD1, TCAF2, MAPK3, RPS24, and MYO1E, which are associated with immunity, were expressed at higher levels by the SCID mAdMSCs compared with the C57BL/6 mAdMSCs. In contrast, ANXA9, PCBP2, LGALS3, PPP1R14B, and PSMA6, which are also associated with immunity, were more highly expressed by C57BL/6 mAdMSCs than SCID mAdMSCs. These findings implicate these two sets of proteins in the pathogenesis and maintenance of immunodeficiency.
Different Molecular Interaction between Collagen and α- or β-Chitin in Mechanically Improved Electrospun Composite
Authors: Moon Hyunwoo , Choy Seunghwan , Park Yeonju , Jung Young Mee , Koo Jun Mo , Hwang Dong Soo
Published: May 2019

Although collagens from vertebrates are mainly used in regenerative medicine, the most elusive issue in the collagen-based biomedical scaffolds is its insufficient mechanical strength. To solve this problem, electrospun collagen composites with chitins were prepared and molecular interactions which are the cause of the mechanical improvement in the composites were investigated by two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2DCOS). The electrospun collagen is composed of two kinds of polymorphs, α- and β-chitin, showing different mechanical enhancement and molecular interactions due to different inherent configurations in the crystal structure, resulting in solvent and polymer susceptibility. The collagen/α-chitin has two distinctive phases in the composite, but β-chitin composite has a relatively homogeneous phase. The β-chitin composite showed better tensile strength with ~41% and ~14% higher strength compared to collagen and α-chitin composites, respectively, due to a favorable secondary interaction, i.e., inter- rather than intra-molecular hydrogen bonds. The revealed molecular interaction indicates that β-chitin prefers to form inter-molecular hydrogen bonds with collagen by rearranging their uncrumpled crystalline regions, unlike α-chitin.
Multiple-Code Technique for Multi-Rate Transmissions in Optical Packet Switching Networks Based on OCDMA Labels
Authors: Chen Kai-Sheng
Published: May 2019

Supporting multi-rate transmission is an essential factor in current optical packet switching (OPS) networks. In this paper, the author studied a multi-rate scheme capable of forwarding packets with different signal rates based on label switching. The multiple-code (MC) technique was employed to label a packet by conveying its payload bits to multiple optical code-division multiple-access (OCDMA) labels. Spectral-amplitude-coding (SAC), which represents the chips in an OCDMA code as a set of wavelengths, was introduced to remove the multiple-access interference (MAI) from the overlapping among labels. The author tested the system effectiveness by conducting numerical analysis to formulate bit-error probability (BEP) and spectral efficiency (SE). The simulation results showed that the proposed network had a stable BEP performance when switching the packet flows of multiple data-rates.
Religion as Animal and Alive
Authors: Waldau Paul
Published: May 2019

The notion of “living religion” is helpful in exploring how individuals and communities have across time and culture engaged their other-than-human neighbors in a local place as a response to the fact that each human individual clearly lives in a more-than-human world. Threads of observation and argument are woven together to suggest that focusing on nonhuman animals helps any human sustain the vibrant, living quality that so often has been a hallmark of a relevant and healthy religious/spiritual awareness.
The Unified Form of Code Biases and Positioning Performance Analysis in Global Positioning System (GPS)/BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) Precise Point Positioning Using Real Triple-Frequency Data
Authors: Liu Peng , Qin Honglei , Cong Li
Published: May 2019

Multi- system and multi-frequency are two key factors that determine the performance of precise point positioning. Both multi-frequency and multi-system lead to new biases, which are not solved systematically. This paper concentrates on mathematical models of biases, influences of these biases, and positioning performance analysis of different observation models. The biases comprise the inter-frequency clock bias in multi-frequency and the inter-system clock bias in multi-system. The former is the residual differential code biases (DCBs) from receiver clock and satellite clock and usually occurs at the third frequency, the latter is the deviation of the receiver clock errors in different systems. Unified mathematical models of the biases are presented by analyzing the general formula of observation equations. The influences of these biases are validated by experiments with corresponding observation models. Subsequently, the experiments, which are based on the data at five globally distributed stations in Multi-Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Experiment (MGEX) on day of year 100, 2018, assess positioning performance of different observation models with combination of frequencies (dual-frequency or triple- frequency) and systems (BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) or Global Positioning System (GPS)). The results show that the performances of triple-frequency models are almost as the same level as the dual-frequency models. They provide scientific support for the triple-frequency ambiguity-fixed solution which has a better convergence characteristic than dual-frequency ambiguity-fixed solution. Furthermore, the biases are expressed as an unified form that gives an important and valuable reference for future research on multi-frequency and multi-system precise point positioning.
A Differential Detection Method Based on a Linear Weak Measurement System
Authors: Xiong Nian , Guan Tian , Xu Yang , Shi Lixuan , Zhong Suyi , Zhou Xuesi , He Yonghong , Li Dongmei
Published: May 2019

Self-reference detection is necessary and important to a biosensor. The linear weak measurement system based on total internal reflection has attracted widespread attention due to its high stability, label-free detection, and easy integration. In this paper, we propose a differential detection method based on the linear total internal reflection weak measurement system. We introduce the half-wave plate (HWP) to convert the H light and the V light to each other, thereby obtaining the difference in phase change of the optical path before and after the HWP. Experiments show that the system can not only achieve differential detection, but also has high stability. The linear differential weak measurement system proposed in this paper not only provides a new differential measurement method for real-time biosensors, but also enriches the types of weak measurement sensors.
Estimation of 3D Knee Joint Angles during Cycling Using Inertial Sensors: Accuracy of a Novel Sensor-to-Segment Calibration Procedure Based on Pedaling Motion
Authors: Cordillet Sébastien , Bideau Nicolas , Bideau Benoit , Nicolas Guillaume
Published: May 2019

This paper presents a novel sensor-to-segment calibration procedure for inertial sensor-based knee joint kinematics analysis during cycling. This procedure was designed to be feasible in-field, autonomously, and without any external operator or device. It combines a static standing up posture and a pedaling task. The main goal of this study was to assess the accuracy of the new sensor-to-segment calibration method (denoted as the ‘cycling’ method) by calculating errors in terms of body-segment orientations and 3D knee joint angles using inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based and optoelectronic-based motion capture. To do so, 14 participants were evaluated during pedaling motion at a workload of 100 W, which enabled comparisons of the cycling method with conventional calibration methods commonly employed in gait analysis. The accuracy of the cycling method was comparable to that of other methods concerning the knee flexion/extension angle, and did not exceed 3.8°. However, the cycling method presented the smallest errors for knee internal/external rotation (6.65 ± 1.94°) and abduction/adduction (5.92 ± 2.85°). This study demonstrated that a calibration method based on the completion of a pedaling task combined with a standing posture significantly improved the accuracy of 3D knee joint angle measurement when applied to cycling analysis.
Low-Frequency Road Noise of Electric Vehicles Based on Measured Road Surface Morphology
Authors: Yu Zhenqi , Cheng Dong , Huang Xingyuan
Published: May 2019

In this paper, the noise vibration harshness (NVH) road surface morphology of a test site is scanned to establish a data processing system for the road surface, which can be used to transform the road surface morphology into the road surface excitation required for the road noise simulation analysis. The road surface morphology of the test site is used as the excitation input of the simulation analysis. The results obtained from the simulation analysis are equivalent to the experimental results. Using the actual scanning road surface morphology to simulate the excitation of a vehicle, the noise, as well as the vibration response of the vehicle under the actual road excitation of NVH in the early stage of vehicle development, can be accurately predicted. In the physical prototype stage, the rectification of vehicle road noise and the optimization to provide the needed excitation for the simulation analysis can be done, which will reduce the labor costs of the relevant experiment. Therefore, this method of road noise research has important engineering significance.
Transanal Hemorrhoidal Dearterialization With Doppler Arterial Identification Versus Classic Hemorrhoidectomy: A Retrospective Analysis of 270 Patients
Authors: Consalvo Vincenzo , D’Auria Francesca , Salsano Vincenzo
Published: May 2019

Purpose: Despite the minimally invasive nature of transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization (THD) with Doppler arterial identification procedures, hemorrhoidectomy is still considered the gold standard procedure for hemorrhoidal disease. However, the classical techniques of hemorrhoidectomy have a high rate of postoperative complications. The main purpose of this study is to demonstrate the efficacy and complications of these techniques used for grades II and III hemorrhoids.Methods: A retrospective (case-control) study was carried out from January 2009 to May 2014, and all patients undergoing surgical procedures for hemorrhoidal disease in two French clinics were considered. Application of inclusion and exclusion criteria identified 270 eligible patients (163 undergoing Doppler THD and 107 treated with Milligan Morgan hemorrhoidectomy). Statistical analysis was calculated considering immediate postoperative complications, functional results, chronic complications, and recurrences.Results: Analysis of primary outcomes showed a significant difference between the 2 groups concerning postoperative pain, which had a lower rate in THD (P = 0.0001) and in postoperative bleeding (P = 0.02) than hemorrhoidectomy. However, long-term follow-up at three years showed a superior rate of recurrence in the THD group (P = 0.009).Conclusion: The THD technique is a safe and effective procedure for grades II and III hemorrhoids, has lower rates of post-operative pain and bleeding, and allows faster hospital discharge; however, it also shows a higher rate of recurrence at three years of follow-up.
Energy crops on less favoured (alkaline) soil
Authors: Lajos Blaskó  , Róbert Czimbalmos
Published: May 2019

The reduction in fossil energy and row material sources induces growing demand for renewable resources. The growing demand for herbal raw materials has land use impacts as well. One way to reduce the conflict between the food and energy crops can be the utilization of less favored areas by growing energy crops. Among the potentially available areas for this purpose the salt affected soils (SAS) occupy a significant territories. SAS with structural B-horizon (meadow solonetz soils) represent the most wide spread group of SAS in Hungary. About half of these soils have been reclaimed and used as arable land and the remaining 50% are used as grassland. Sweet sorghum production for manufacturing of alcohol production was investigated in a long term amelioration and fertilization experiment on a salt affected soil (meadow solonetz). By means of regression analyzes the effect of sodium content of the soil and increasing mineral fertilizer doses were studied. According to the multiple regression analysis only the effect of nitrogen fertilizer was significant. On the solonetz type salt affected soil the effect of water soluble salt content of the soil was not significant, but there was a closer correlation between the ammonium-lactate sodium content and the yield of sweet sorghum. The maximum green mass was 45–50 t ha-1, in the case of low Na content and high level of nitrogen fertilization.

In order to quantify the potential yield of natural grass vegetation the relationship between the soil forming processes and the grass vegetationwas investigated. Beyond the different forms of Na-accumulation, the spatial pattern (mosaic-like characteristic) is also an inseparable feature of salt affected soils. The difference in the water regime, caused by the micro-relief is the main cause of variability. The run-on water keeps the deeper parts of the catena position wet longer. The wet situation causes more intensive leaching. In the low-laying parts of salt affected soils species preferring wet situations (mainly Alopecurus pratensis) are in majority. On the higher parts of the micro-relief species tolerating dry situations (mainly Festuca  pseudovina) are dominant. The yearly grass production of low laying areas can be 4–7 t ha-1 but because of prolonged wet  conditions the grass is not grazed and mowing can only be in old state. This old grass is not proper for feeding, but it may be suitable as energy plant.
Phytopathological aspects of precision agriculture
Authors: Nicolae Ioan Csép
Published: May 2019

This paper illustrates the efforts based on the results obtained in the funding of precision agriculture, during more than two decades of cooperation between University of Debrecen and University of Oradea, within the framework of joint, EU co-financed projects, and put into practice on both sides of the border. Common plant-health databases, interactive Web pages, consultation activities, professional publications, professional training activities, laboratory infrastructure improvements, common research themes proves the progress made to date and create conditions for further development of joint research activities.
Interpretation of the multifunctional agriculture’s function in regional dimensions
Authors: Péter Horváth
Published: May 2019

Many branches of science have been examining the concept of multifunctional agriculture. Different interpretations have come into being on global and regional dimensions as well. This study deals with certain interpretations of the concept of multifunctional agriculture. It compares the concepts about multifunctional agriculture of the United States, the Cairns-group, the least developed countries (the LDC-s), as well as the developed countries which import food (the G10), the concept of the EU and Hungary too. It states that the different approaches to the concept have been started by the agricultural problems which are typical of certain areas. These problems have been formed in each and every area by the threefold functions (economic, social and ecological), which are characteristics of rural areas.
Cultural landscape on the border: érmellék
Authors: Gábor Kerékgyártó
Published: May 2019

Cultural landscapes are haunting topic of the european spatial development. Cultural landscapes as cultural heritage determine the local and regional identity. The study shows the role and the significance of the cultural landscape by the help of UNESCO World Heritage Convention, the European Spatial Development Perspective and the European Landscape Convention. The article speaks about how can we maintain and develop cross border landscapes and cultural landscapes and through introducing Érmellék it would like to draw attention to the fact that landscape level planning and development of common landscape politics are one of the main interests of Hungary. That kind of politics play an important role not only in maintaining landscapes but in the regional economic development.
Agronomic bases of precision barley production
Authors: Juliana Molnárová
Published: May 2019

To ascertain the importance of individual preciosion factors in achieving yield and quality of malting barley, we established a multifactor experiment at the research station of the Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra in 2009 and 2010. Four variants of fertilization, 2 ways of soil cultivation and four varieties 'Bojos’, 'Kangoo’, 'Marthe’ and 'Xanadu’ were observed. From the quality indicators the nitrogen content (%) was observed. The results were statistically analyzed by using a multifactor analysis of variance by using Statistica 8, the program Statgraphics. The difference between years was statistically significant (1.87 t ha-1) in favour of 2010. The difference was also significant between the varieties 'Bojos’ and ’Kangoo’(1.07 t ha-1), respectively. 'Martha’ and 'Xanadu’ as well as 'Kangoo’ (0.56 resp. 0.33 t ha-1). Conventional soil cultivation incomparison with a minimalization technology, demonstrated a  tatistically insignificant increase of yield. Significant differences were obtained between the variants of fertilization. Treatment by using Condit (b-var.) showed a very positive impact in climatic favorable year (2010) with a yield result of 7.42 t ha-1. In comparison with an untreated control, the difference in yield was 0.89 t ha-1. A significant increase of yield was achieved by using the combination of solid fertilizer with foliar fertilizer (LAV + Hakofyt, var.c) 0.47 t ha-1. The crude protein content was statistically influenced by a variety and year. In 2009, the crude protein content was above average (12.38%). Significantly lower attributes were achieved in 2010 (9.90%). From the studied/observed varieties the lowest crude protein content was showed by a variety 'Kangoo’ (1.68%).
НОРМАТИВНО-ПРАВОВЕ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ПИТАНЬ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ БЕЗПЕЧНОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА ДЛЯ ЖИТТЯ ГРОМАДЯН
Authors: Fedorova Hanna
Published: May 2019

В статті розкрито змістовне навантаження понять «безпека», «безпека життєдіяльності», «цивільний контроль». Проаналізовано види безпеки та встановлено, що виокремлюють такі види безпеки: безпеку людини; національну безпеку, що складається з державної безпеки, безпеки політичної, економічної, воєнної, технологічної, екологічної, гуманітарної, демографічної, інформаційної, банківської, продовольчої, енергетичної тощо; безпеку життєдіяльності, складовими якої є: безпека праці, безпека військової служби, громадська безпека, безпека харчових продуктів, безпека особиста та ін. Показано що безпека являє собою досить суперечливий, довгостроковий феномен політичної сфери суспільного життя. Наголошено що специфіка політичного розвитку ставить питання про наростання проблем захисту національних інтересів, що вимагає не механічного нарощування зусиль в тому чи іншому загрозливому напрямку, а переосмислення засад функціонування системи забезпечення національної безпеки.
Здійснено огляд нормативно-правових актів, що регулюють питання забезпечення безпеки в державі, суспільстві і безпеки громадянина. З’ясовано складові, які забезпечують умови безпечного середовища для населення України.
МЕХАНІЗМИ ДЕРЖАВНОГО РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ЗАХИСТУ ВНУТРІШНІХ РИНКІВ АГРАРНОГО СЕКТОРУ
Authors: Cherkaska Valeryi
Published: May 2019

В статі зазначено, що в аграрній політиці країн з розвиненою ринковою економікою однією з ключових завдань була і залишається підтримка сільських товаровиробників. Вона здійснюється різними способами, в тому числі: заходами прямої підтримки сільського господарства за допомогою цінової, кредитної, податкової, митної політики, що сприяють зростанню доходів селян і забезпечують їм ведення розширеного відтворення в умовах ринкових відносин. Визначено, що зовнішньоторговельна політика формує об'єктивні умови переваги вітчизняної продукції для споживачів. Разом з тим вона не повинна обмежувати можливості задоволення широкого споживчого попиту. Запропоновано до числа інструментів віднести виплати платежів натурою за кожен виведений з сільгоспобороту гектар невиробничої продукції комбіноване поєднання програм страхування та кредитування з квотуванням виробництва, фіксовані виплати в залежності від попередньої динаміки виробництва в обмін на поставлені умови щодо обмеження виробництва і дотримання вимог екології, обов'язкового страхування і надання щорічних звітів про свою діяльність. Важливу роль на цьому етапі грають заходи державного регулювання, що перешкоджають монополізації ринкової діяльності та сприяють рівноправності між дрібними і великими суб'єктами ринку.
Local Characteristics Content: An Analysis of ELT Textbook for Young Learners
Authors: Ginting Siti Aisah
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyse the media used in ELT textbook for beginners based on local characteristics of students by showing the data from analysed textbook, which is inappropriate for the the young learners in Indonesia, and this media made the teaching learning process ineffective and inefficient. Descriptive research design was applied in this study. The technique for collecting the data was quantitative approach. There were three (3) textbooks commonly used in primary level grade 4 in Indonesia. Those three were analyzed based on the local characteristics of students using demographic analysis. The result shows that only 5.6% of the media was related to local characteristics of students since the rest were to related general and foreign characteristic which reached 49% and 45.4% respectively. Therefore, the reason why the Englishlearners in Indonesia particularly on primary level grade 4 could not reach the standard of English Learning was because the media was 94.4% not related to the local characteristics of students.
Non Equivalence at Scientific Terms in Mathematics Bilingual Textbook
Authors: Tarigan Fatin Nadifa , Juliana Juliana
Published: May 2019

This study entails the translation of scientific terms from English into Indonesian. The objectives of this study are to investigate the problem of non-equivalence at word level found in mathematics bilingual textbook and to investigate the translation strategies used. This study was conducted by using descriptive qualitative design. The data of this study were 89 words and phrases containing scientific terms. The data were collected through documentary technique. The technique of data analysis was interactive model. The finding of this study revealed that there were five problems of non-equivalence at scientific terms found in mathematics bilingual textbook. They were the source language concept is not lexicalized in the target language, the source language word is semantically complex, the source and target language make distinction in meaning, the target language lacks hyponym,Â  and difference in form. To solve the problems of non equivalence, it was found that four translation strategies proposed by Baker were applicable.
News translation in the digital age: A case study of Vice.com
Authors: Putri Annisa Cinantya
Published: May 2019

Translation-mediated events get circulated globally through the media. This paper focuses on studying how events in, about, and pertaining Indonesia in general are presented to the foreign audience through translation. To that end, this paper employs descriptive product-oriented approach and translation transformation strategies adapted from those proposed by translation scholars. The data were collected from an online media, VICE Indonesia, and were limited to Indonesian source texts and their English target texts published in November 2018. Following initial data collection, 10 pairs of target and source texts were compiled for comparative analysis. Data analysis revealed that adaptation and re-contextualization of target texts occurred. They are found most prominently in the title and lead sections, although an analysis on the articlesâ€™ content also show that the target textsâ€™ contents also experience similar changes. Among these changes, the most noticeable are recomposition of paragraphs, omission and substitution or paragraphs, and different choice of source of quote. Ultimately, although the target texts maintain to some degree of semblance to the source texts, new realities and perspectives emerge as the result of these translation strategies.
Innovación para el desarrollo económico del Gremio Artesanal
Authors: Maya Katya
Published: May 2019

Recibido: 11 de septiembre del 2018Aprobado: 13 de noviembre del 2018El propósito general fue  analizar la innovación para la productividad del gremio artesanal del municipio de Aracataca Departamento del Magdalena. Sustentado bajo los postulados teóricos de Robbins (2008), Blázquez (2009), López (2007) entre otros; Desde el punto de vista cualitativo, con el método etnográfico. Diseño de campo. La información fue recabada mediante técnicas de observación y entrevistas cualitativas. La muestra fue de 3 (tres) informantes del gremio artesanal. En los resultados se hace énfasis a la importancia de la innovación, especialmente cuando se trata del trabajo humano, ellos serán los encargados de traducir en acciones concretas los mensajes que envía el mercado en referencia a los productos existentes y necesidades cambiantes de cada segmento de mercado o grupo de clientes. Se evidencia como la innovación no tiene relación únicamente con el ámbito tecnológico, sino que es una capacidad explotada de manera individual puesta en desarrollo por un grupo determinado, donde se presenta un proceso capaz de transformar productos o servicios en forma de satisfacer las necesidades del público en general.
Gestión ambiental para minimizar la contaminación de la biodiversidad en los pueblos lacustres Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta Magdalena-Colombia
Authors: Bermúdez Walter
Published: May 2019

Recibido: 12 de octubre del 2018Aprobado: 05 de diciembre del 2018El propósito general de este estudio es analizar la gestión ambiental para minimizar la contaminación  de la biodiversidad en los pueblos lacustres Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta Magdalena-Colombia. A nivel teórico, se fundamentó por autores tales como Calvo y Corraliza (2010), Gutiérrez (2013), Blanco (2012), entre otros. Desde el análisis de una investigación cualitativa, el desarrollo del estudio está en línea del método etnográfico. La información fue recabada mediante técnicas de observación directa y de entrevistas cualitativas. Como muestra se tomaron (5) sujetos, conformados por residentes de los pueblos lacustres. La fiabilidad de dicha población es relativa ya que esta es replicable, al igual se aplicara la ética como condición preponderante. A manera conclusiva se manifiesta que la Gestión ambiental demanda de una Educación Ambiental. En Colombia se requiere de procesos integradores donde el modelo pedagógico sea decisivo con el compromiso que tengan las personas en el marco de desarrollo hacia el medio ambiente, desarrollo sostenible y calidad de vida de los individuos.
Uso de las TIC para proyectos productivos en las instituciones educativas del Municipio Zona Bananera. Magdalena. Colombia
Authors: Lattá Arias Carlos
Published: May 2019

Recibido: 02 de octubre del 2018Aprobado: 02 de noviembre del 2018La investigación tuvo como finalidad analizar el uso de las tic para proyectos productivos en las instituciones educativas del Municipio Zona Bananera. Magdalena, Colombia. Sustentado bajo teorías de: Guzman y Briceño (2010) Orfebre (2011) Soto Márquez (2010), entre otros. Enmarcado bajo el paradigma positivista, bajo un enfoque empírico –inductivo. Tipo de investigación descriptiva analítica. Bajo un diseño no experimental, transeccional de campo. La población sumatoria de los estratos o subconjuntos que representan la muestra de ciento cuarenta y dos (142) sujetos pertenecientes a las Instituciones educativas en estudio. Las técnicas e instrumentos de recolección fueron conformados por preguntas de tipo alternativas de respuestas cerradas y múltiples. La confiabilidad fue de 0,858. Se revelaron debilidades en directivos y docentes, los indicadores tienen poca presencia en la dimensión capacidades tecnológicas, concretamente con el manejo de programas, aprovechamiento de la información y manejo del internet, siendo desfavorable para impulsar proyectos en correspondencia con las necesidades de autogestión y de aprendizaje en los estudiantes.