bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interleukin‐15‐transferred cytokine‐induced killer cells elevated anti‐tumor activity in a gastric tumor‐bearing nude mice model
Authors: Peng Zheng , Liang Wentao , Li Zexue , Xu Yingxin , Chen Lin
Published: October 2015

Gastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancer‐related mortality worldwide. Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) for gastric cancer is a novel therapy modality. However, the therapeutic effectiveness in vivo is still limited. The objective of this study was to assess the value of interleukin‐15 (IL‐15)‐transferred cytokine‐induced killer (CIK) cells in ACT for gastric cancer. IL‐15‐IRES‐TK retroviral vector was constructed and transferred into the CIK cells. A gastric tumor‐bearing nude mice model was constructed by subcutaneously injecting gastric cancer cells, BGC‐823. Gastric tumor‐bearing nude mice were randomly divided into three groups (five mice each group) and injected with physiological saline, CIK cells, and IL‐15‐IRES‐TK‐transfected CIK cells for 2 weeks, respectively. IL‐15‐IRES‐TK‐transferred CIK cells were prepared successfully and flow cytometry (FCM) analysis indicated that the transfection rate reached 85.7% after 5 days culture. In vivo experiment, we found that CIK cells retarded tumor growth by reducing tumor volume and tumor weight, as well as increasing tumor inhibition rate. Furthermore, IL‐15‐IRES‐TK‐transferred CIK cells showed a much stronger inhibition on tumor growth than CIK cells alone. Tumor morphology observation and growth indexes also showed that IL‐15‐transfected CIK cells had stronger cytotoxicity to tumor tissue than CIK cells. IL‐15‐IRES‐TK transfection could elevate the effects of CIK cells to gastric carcinoma. The engineered CIK cells carrying IL‐15‐IRES‐TK may be used in the ACT for gastric carcinoma, but prudent clinical trial is still indispensable.
Development of porcine tetraploid somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos is influenced by oocyte nuclei
Authors: Fu Bo , Liu Di , Ma Hong , Guo Zhen‐Hua , Wang Liang , Li Zhong‐Qiu , Peng Fu‐Gang , Bai Jing
Published: October 2015

Cloning efficiency in mammalian systems remains low because reprogramming of donor cells is frequently incomplete. Nuclear factors in the oocyte are removed by enucleation, and this removal may adversely affect reprogramming efficiency. Here, we investigated the role of porcine oocyte nuclear factors during reprogramming. We introduced somatic cell nuclei into intact MII oocytes to establish tetraploid somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos containing both somatic nuclei and oocyte nuclei. We then examined the influence of the oocyte nucleus on tetraploid SCNT embryo development by assessing characteristics including pronucleus formation, cleavage rate, and blastocyst formation. Overall, tetraploid SCNT embryos have a higher developmental competence than do standard diploid SCNT embryos. Therefore, we have established an embryonic model in which a fetal fibroblast nucleus and an oocyte metaphase II plate coexist. Tetraploid SCNT represents a new research platform that is potentially useful for examining interactions between donor nuclei and oocyte nuclei. This platform should facilitate further understanding of the roles played by nuclear factors during reprogramming.
Recent Advances in Organocatalytic Kinetic Resolution for the Synthesis of Functionalized Products
Authors: Gurubrahamam Ramani , Cheng You‐Song , Huang Wan‐Yun , Chen Kwunmin
Published: October 2015

This Minireview describes organocatalytic kinetic resolution (OCKR) that has evolved on the basis of using small organic catalysts through enamine/iminium ion, N‐heterocyclic carbene, and hydrogen‐bonding catalysis. The review includes the use of recent methodologies for which the evolution of OCKR mainly involves creating new stereogenic center(s) in functionalized products through the formation of a C−C, C−N, C−O, C−X, or C−S bond. The combination of OCKR with sequential reactions and its association with desymmetrization and dynamic kinetic resolution are also described.
3D Study of the Morphology and Dynamics of Zeolite Nucleation
Authors: Melinte Georgian , Georgieva Veselina , Springuel‐Huet Marie‐Anne , Nossov Andreï , Ersen Ovidiu , Guenneau Flavien , Gedeon Antoine , Palčić Ana , Bozhilov Krassimir N. , Pham‐Huu Cuong , Qiu Shilun , Mintova Svetlana , Valtchev Valentin
Published: October 2015

The principle aspects and constraints of the dynamics and kinetics of zeolite nucleation in hydrogel systems are analyzed on the basis of a model Na‐rich aluminosilicate system. A detailed time‐series EMT‐type zeolite crystallization study in the model hydrogel system was performed to elucidate the topological and temporal aspects of zeolite nucleation. A comprehensive set of analytical tools and methods was employed to analyze the gel evolution and complement the primary methods of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. TEM tomography reveals that the initial gel particles exhibit a core–shell structure. Zeolite nucleation is topologically limited to this shell structure and the kinetics of nucleation is controlled by the shell integrity. The induction period extends to the moment when the shell is consumed and the bulk solution can react with the core of the gel particles. These new findings, in particular the importance of the gel particle shell in zeolite nucleation, can be used to control the growth process and properties of zeolites formed in hydrogels.
Titania–Silica Materials for Enhanced Photocatalysis
Authors: Rico‐Santacruz Marisa , Serrano Elena , Marcì Giuseppe , García‐López Elisa I. , García‐Martínez Javier
Published: October 2015

Mesoporous titania–organosilica nanoparticles comprised of anatase nanocrystals crosslinked with organosilica moieties have been prepared by direct co‐condensation of a titania precursor, tetrabuthylortotitanate (TBOT), with two organosilica precursors, 1,4‐bis(triethoxysilyl) benzene (BTEB) and 1,2‐bis(triethoxysilyl) ethane (BTEE), in mild conditions and in the absence of surfactant. These hybrid materials show both high surface areas (200–360 m2 g−1) and pore volumes (0.3 cm3 g−1) even after calcination, and excellent photoactivity in the degradation of rhodamine 6G and in the partial oxidation of propene under UV irradiation, especially after the calcination of the samples. During calcination, there is a change in the TiIV coordination and an increase in the content of SiOTi moieties in comparison with the uncalcined materials, which seems to be responsible for the enhanced photocatalytic activity of hybrid titania–silica materials as compared to both uncalcined samples and the control TiO2.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Crystal Growth of Microcrystals of the Cubic and New Orthorhombic Polymorphs of (NH4)2SnCl6.
Authors: Podsiadlo Slawomir , Weisbrod Grzegorz , Bialoglowski Maciej , Jastrzebski Daniel , Fadaghi Mohammad , Ostrowski Andrzej
Published: October 2015

Single crystals of (NH4)2SnCl6 are obtained by thermal decomposition of SnCl4·5NH3 in the gas phase under a stream of gaseous NH3 (quartz tube, 298 °C, 6 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Observation of Tunable Band Gap and Anisotropic Dirac Semimetal State in Black Phosphorus.
Authors: Kim Jimin , Baik Seung Su , Ryu Sae Hee , Sohn Yeongsup , Park Soohyung , Park Byeong‐Gyu , Denlinger Jonathan , Yi Yeonjin , Choi Hyoung Joon , Kim Keun Su
Published: October 2015

A widely tunable band gap in few‐layer K‐doped black phosphorus is realized by in situ deposition of potassium atoms.
ChemInform Abstract: An Investigation of Magnetoresistivity Properties of an Y3Ba5Cu8Oy Bulk Superconductor.
Authors: Kutuk S. , Bolat S. , Terzioglu C. , Altintas S. P.
Published: October 2015

A bulk ceramic Y3Ba4.74Cu8.07Oy superconductor is prepared by solid state reaction of Y2O3, BaCO3, and CuO (alumina crucible, 840 °C, 12 h) and characterized by SEM and magnetoresistivity measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Li(Fe0.5Co0.5)BO3.
Authors: Le Roux Barbara , Bourbon Carole , Colin Jean‐Francois , Pralong Valerie
Published: October 2015

The new title compound is prepared by a multiple‐step process involving the preparation of the precursors Fe2B2O5 (I) and Co3(BO3)2 (II) which then are mixed with Li2CO3 and H3BO3 and heated under Ar (500 °C, 1.5 h).
ChemInform Abstract: AgBi(WO4)2: A New Modification Material to Bi2WO6 for Enhanced and Stable Visible‐Light Photocatalyic Performance.
Authors: Feng Cuiyun , Dong Yuming , Jiang Pingping , Wang Guangli , Zhang Jingjing , Wu Xiuming , Zhang Chi
Published: October 2015

An AgBi(WO4)2‐Bi2WO6 composite is prepared by hydrothermal reaction of an alkaline AgNO3 solution (NH3‐containing NaOH) to which a Bi2WO4 suspension is given (autoclave, 160 °C, 20 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Copper Pyrovanadate as an Effective Photo‐Fenton‐Like Catalyst for Degradation of Methylene Blue.
Authors: Kalal Sangeeta , Chauhan Narendra Pal Singh , Pandey Arpita , Ameta Rakshit , Punjabi Pinki Bala
Published: October 2015

Visible light‐based photo‐Fenton‐like catalytic performance of Cu3V2 (OH)2O7·2H2O is investigated using methylene blue as the target pollutant.
ChemInform Abstract: Rare‐Earth‐Metal Nitridophosphates Through High‐Pressure Metathesis.
Authors: Kloss Simon David , Schnick Wolfgang
Published: October 2015

Highly crystalline LiNdP4N8 is prepared by high‐pressure solid‐state metathesis between stoichiometric amounts of LiPN2 and NdF3 (h‐BN crucible in multianvil press, 1300 °C, 5 GPa, 5 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Formation and Thermal Decomposition of Oxynitride Germanium Compounds.
Authors: Bialoglowski Maciej , Jastrzebski Daniel , Wrzecionek Michal , Brzuska Dorota , Matyszczak Grzegorz , Podsiadlo Slawomir
Published: October 2015

The authors have predicted the existence of the formerly unknown germanium oxynitride Li5GeNO3 based on the analogies occurring between Si and Ge compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Discovery of γ‐MnP4 and the Polymorphism of Manganese Tetraphosphide.
Authors: Henge Dennis B. , Hermus Martin , Litterscheid Christian F. , Wagner Norbert , Beck Johannes , Albert Barbara , Brgoch Jakoah
Published: October 2015

The new title polymorph of MnP4 is synthesized by chemical vapor transport of a stoichiometric mixture of manganese and red phosphorus using iodine as transporting agent (evacuated silica tubes, temperature gradient 1073→923 K, 14 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Versatile in situ Generated N‐Boc‐Imines: Application to Phase‐Transfer‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Mannich‐Type Reactions.
Authors: Kano Taichi , Kobayashi Ryohei , Maruoka Keiji
Published: October 2015

The in situ generation of N‐Boc‐imines from tris‐Boc substrates followed by a Mannich reaction with thiophene based imines provides α,β‐diamino acids.
ChemInform Abstract: Iodine(III)‐Mediated para‐Selective Direct Imidation of Anilides.
Authors: Pialat Amelie , Berges Julien , Sabourin Axel , Vinck Robin , Liegault Benoit , Taillefer Marc
Published: October 2015

The imidation of acetanilides proceeds exclusively para‐selectively under iodine(III)‐mediated stoichiometric or catalyzed reaction conditions with good tolerance to various functional groups at both ortho or meta position.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Condensation of Substituted Salicylaldehyde and Malononitrile Catalyzed by Lipase under Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Yang Fengjuan , Wang Zhi , Wang Haoran , Wang Chunyu , Wang Lei
Published: October 2015

The title reaction affords two different products depending on the substrate molar ratio and reaction time.
ChemInform Abstract: Domino Nicholas and Pauson—Khand Process Induced by Nitroarene Reduction.
Authors: Asamizu Takamichi , Naruse Risa , Yongxue Guo , Kaneda Kyosuke
Published: October 2015

The enyne substrate (I) undergoes an unprecedented transformation into product (III) in which a nitroarene reduction step initiates an endocyclic Nicholas reaction followed by an intramolecular Pauson—Khand cyclization.
ChemInform Abstract: Dipeptide‐Derived Multifunctional Quaternary Phosphonium Salt Catalyzed Asymmetric Cyclizations via a Tandem Michael Addition/SN2 Sequence.
Authors: Cao Dongdong , Zhang Jiaxing , Wang Hongyu , Zhao Gang
Published: October 2015

A novel family of chiral phase‐transfer catalysts is developed and shown to demonstrate high efficiency in the reaction between 6‐ or 7‐substituted conjugate enones and malonates.
ChemInform Abstract: Aryne Generation vs. Truce‐Smiles and Fries Rearrangements During the Kobayashi Fragmentation Reaction: A New Bi‐Aryl Synthesis.
Authors: Rasheed O. K. , Hardcastle I. R. , Raftery J. , Quayle P.
Published: October 2015

This Truce—Smiles rearrangement proceeds well with ortho‐ and/or para‐nitro‐substituted aryl groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Photocatalytic Fluorination of Benzylic C—H Bonds with N‐Fluorobenzenesulfonimide.
Authors: Nodwell Matthew B. , Bagai Abhimanyu , Halperin Shira D. , Martin Rainer E. , Knust Henner , Britton Robert
Published: October 2015

The fluorination of ethylbenzene derivatives is examined using either a decatungstate photocatalyst as initiator or AIBN with the latter providing lower product yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Assisted Tandem Catalysis: Metathesis Followed by Asymmetric Hydrogenation from a Single Ruthenium Source.
Authors: Renom‐Carrasco Marc , Gajewski Piotr , Pignataro Luca , de Vries Johannes G. , Piarulli Umberto , Gennari Cesare , Lefort Laurent
Published: October 2015

Prochiral olefins generated by metathesis are highly enantioselectively hydrogenated by an in situ obtained chiral ruthenium catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: The Retro‐Hydroformylation Reaction.
Authors: Kusumoto Shuhei , Tatsuki Toshiumi , Nozaki Kyoko
Published: October 2015

The retro‐hydroformylation of aliphatic aldehydes can be achieved by thermolysis in the presence of an Ir‐complex catalyst resulting in the formation of the corresponding olefin.
ChemInform Abstract: Continuous Flow Reactions in Water for the Synthesis of Propargylamines via a Metal‐Free Decarboxylative Coupling Reaction.
Authors: Jung Bongkyun , Park Kyungho , Song Kwang Ho , Lee Sunwoo
Published: October 2015

Alkynyl carboxylic acids undergo decarboxylative coupling with amines and paraformaldehyde, using a continuous flow reaction system to give propargylamines in excellent yields.
ChemInform Abstract: A Cu(II)‐Based Strategy for Catalytic Enantioselective β‐Borylation of α,β‐Unsaturated Acceptors.
Authors: Zhu Lei , Kitanosono Taku , Xu Pengyu , Kobayashi Shu
Published: October 2015

Various β‐substituted α,β‐unsaturated ketones, esters, amides and nitriles are amenable to the newly developed enantioselective β‐borylation.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of α‐Amino β‐Keto Ester Hydrochlorides Through Dynamic Kinetic Resolution.
Authors: Echeverria Pierre‐Georges , Cornil Johan , Ferard Charlene , Guerinot Amandine , Cossy Janine , Phansavath Phannarath , Ratovelomanana‐Vidal Virginie
Published: October 2015

The asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of α‐amino β‐keto ester hydrochlorides is reported for the first time using a ruthenium catalyst in combination with ammonium formate as the hydrogen source.
ChemInform Abstract: CuI/RhII‐Catalyzed Tandem Convergent Multicomponent Reaction for the Regio‐ and Stereocontrolled Synthesis of γ‐Oxo‐β‐amino Esters.
Authors: Jung Da Jung , Jeon Hyun Ji , Lee Joo Hyun , Lee Sang‐gi
Published: October 2015

This is the first example of a regio‐ and diastereoselective three‐component, one‐pot synthesis of highly functionalized α‐vinylated γ‐oxo‐β‐amino esters.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Decarboxylative 1,4‐Addition of Malonic Acid Half Thioesters to Vinyl Sulfones: Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of 3‐Monofluoromethyl‐3‐arylpropanoic Esters.
Authors: Qiao Baokun , Liu Qian , Liu Hongjun , Yan Lin , Jiang Zhiyong
Published: October 2015

A highly efficient enantioselective synthesis of 3‐monofluoromethyl‐3‐arylpropanates using a cinchona alkaloid‐derived benzyl‐substituted thiourea as catalyst is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphine‐Initiated Domino Reaction: A Convenient Method for the Preparation of Spirocyclopentanones.
Authors: Liang Ling , Li Erqing , Xie Peizhong , Huang You
Published: October 2015

Various highly functionalized quaternary carbon‐centered spirocyclopentanones are efficiently obtained by a novel, economical, and environmentally benign protocol involving a phosphine‐catalyzed [3+2] annulation reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Henry Reaction of Trifluoromethyl Ketone and Aldehyde Using Cu(II)‐Complex: Computational Study Offers the Origin of Enantioselectivity with Varied Size of Catalysts.
Authors: Das Anjan , Choudhary Manoj K. , Kureshy Rukhsana I. , Jana Kalyanashis , Verma Shailesh , Khan Noor‐ul H. , Abdi Sayed H. R. , Bajaj Hari C. , Ganguly Bishwajit
Published: October 2015

Four new 1,2‐diphenylethylenediamine‐based ligands are synthesized and evaluated in the Cu(II)‐catalyzed title reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Iridium‐Catalyzed Transfer Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes to Anilines.
Authors: Chen Shujie , Lu Guoping , Cai Chun
Published: October 2015

A simple homogeneous catalyst system composed of commercially available [IrCl(cod)]2 and 1,10‐phenanthroline is used for the selective transfer hydrogenation of nitroarenes to anilines.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper(II)‐Promoted Direct Conversion of Methylarenes into Aromatic Oximes.
Authors: Yu Jiatao , Lu Ming
Published: October 2015

Variously substituted methylarenes, including sterically hindered ones, as well as methylhetarylarenes are efficiently transformed to aromatic oximes.
ChemInform Abstract: A Highly Enantioselective Michael Reaction Between α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones and Malonic Acid Half‐Thioesters.
Authors: Wang Jian , et al.
Published: October 2015

The title reactions are catalyzed by a primary amine to generate Michael addition products in good yields with high to excellent enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Concise Construction of Bicyclo[6.4.0] and ‐[7.4.0] Frameworks by [4 + 2] Cycloaddition of 3,4‐Dimethylene‐2,5‐bis(phenylsulfonyl)cycloalk‐1‐enes
Authors: Mukai Chisato , Ueda Masanobu , Takahashi Yasuhito , Inagaki Fuyuhiko
Published: October 2015

with carbon‐, aza‐ and oxadienophiles
ChemInform Abstract: Stereochemical Outcomes in Reductive Cyclizations to Form Spirocyclic Heterocycles.
Authors: Perry Matthew A. , Hill Richard R. , Leong Justin J. , Rychnovsky Scott D.
Published: October 2015

Double alkylation of α‐aminonitriles followed by reductive spirocyclization is investigated.
ChemInform Abstract: Generation and Ring Opening of Aziridines in Telescoped Continuous Flow Processes.
Authors: Hsueh Nathanael , Clarkson Guy J. , Shipman Michael
Published: October 2015

Various N‐sulfonyl aziridines are synthesized from 1,2‐amino alcohols under continuous flow conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Enantioselective Vinylogous Mannich Reaction of Ketimines with γ‐Butenolide by Using Cinchona Alkaloid Amide/Zinc(II) Catalysts.
Authors: Nakamura Shuichi , Yamaji Ryota , Hayashi Masashi
Published: October 2015

Various arylalkyl, hetarylalkyl, and dialkyl ketimines including cyclic ones are efficiently transformed according to the title reaction to form the products in high yields and with high diastereomeric and enantiomeric excess.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 2,3‐Disubstituted Benzofurans: An Approach Towards the Synthesis of Deuterium Labeled Compounds.
Authors: Agasti Soumitra , Maity Soham , Szabo Kalman J. , Maiti Debabrata
Published: October 2015

The title benzofurans are regioselectively synthesized from readily available phenols and aliphatic α,β‐unsaturated carboxylic acids.
ChemInform Abstract: Photoredox‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Aminodifluoromethylation of Unactivated Alkenes.
Authors: Zhang Zuxiao , Tang Xiaojun , Thomoson Charles S. , Dolbier William R. Jr.
Published: October 2015

A variety of pyrrolidines and lactones is obtained in a photoredox catalyzed tandem addition/oxidation/cyclization process in which difluoromethanesulfonyl chloride is used as HCF2 radical source.
ChemInform Abstract: Mild and Efficient One‐Pot Synthesis of 2‐(Perfluoroalkyl)indoles by Means of Sequential Michael‐Type Addition and Pd(II)‐Catalyzed Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling (CDC) Reaction.
Authors: Shen Dandan , Han Jing , Chen Jie , Deng Hongmei , Shao Min , Zhang Hui , Cao Weiguo
Published: October 2015

This protocol utilizes molecular oxygen as terminal oxidant and shows high regioselectively with respect to the formation of 2‐trifluoroalkyl indoles.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkene Isomerization—Hydroarylation Tandem Catalysis: Indole C2‐Alkylation with Aryl‐Substituted Alkenes Leading to 1,1‐Diarylalkanes.
Authors: Yamakawa Takeshi , Yoshikai Naohiko
Published: October 2015

The tandem catalysis is shown for allyl‐, homoallyl‐, and bishomoallylbenzene derivatives and is also applicable to various β‐substituted styrene derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Ir(III)‐Catalyzed C7‐Position‐Selective Oxidative C—H Alkenylation of Indolines with Alkenes in Air.
Authors: Pan Shiguang , Wakaki Takayuki , Ryu Naoto , Shibata Takanori
Published: October 2015

The method is applicable to the synthesis of 7‐alkenylindoles and 7‐alkylindoles using carbonyl or carbamoyl groups on the nitrogen atom of the indoline as directing group.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Asymmetric Vinylogous Michael Addition of 3‐(2‐Oxoindolin‐3‐ylidene)butanoates to Nitroalkenes Catalyzed by a Bifunctional Cinchona‐Based Squaramide.
Authors: Zheng Chen , Wang Hai‐Feng , Chen Wei‐Qi , Chen Wen‐Xue , Chen Fen‐Er
Published: October 2015

An efficient, enantioselective, vinylogous Michael addition of 3‐(2‐oxoindolin‐3‐ylidene)butanoates to nitroalkenes is presented which is catalyzed by a cinchona alkaloid‐derived squaramide.
ChemInform Abstract: Access to Substituted Carbazoles in Water by a One‐Pot Sequential Reaction of α,β‐Substituted Nitro Olefins with 2‐(3‐Formyl‐1H‐indol‐2‐yl)acetates.
Authors: Biswas Soumen , Dagar Anuradha , Srivastava Anvita , Samanta Sampak
Published: October 2015

Highly functionalized carbazole derivatives are obtained by a novel, convenient, mild, and environmentally benign procedure using DABCO as inexpensive and commercially available organocatalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Modular Access to Tetrasubstituted Imidazolium Salts Through Acid‐Catalyzed Addition of Isocyanides to Propargylamines.
Authors: Ghashghaei Ouldouz , Reves Marc , Kielland Nicola , Lavilla Rodolfo
Published: October 2015

The method is not suitable for aliphatic amines.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Coupling of N‐Tosylhydrazones, Alkynes and Azides: Synthesis of Trisubstituted 1,2,3‐Triazoles.
Authors: Zhang Zhikun , Zhou Qi , Ye Fei , Xia Ying , Wu Guojiao , Hossain Mohammad Lokman , Zhang Yan , Wang Jianbo
Published: October 2015

A wide range of 1,2,3‐triazoles are efficiently and highly regioselectively obtained from simple starting materials by combination of a click reaction with a copper carbene migratory insertion process.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Screening of Some Novel Thiazolyl Chromones and Pyrazoles.
Authors: Karale B. K. , Takate S. J. , Salve S. P. , Zaware B. H. , Jadhav S. S.
Published: October 2015

A variety of 2‐substituted chromones (V) is synthesized by acid‐catalyzed intramolecular cyclization of β‐diketones (IV), which are obtained by a Baker—Venkataraman transformation.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Regioselective Halogenation of Pyridine N‐Oxide: Practical Access to 2‐Halo‐Substituted Pyridines.
Authors: Chen Ying , Huang Jinkun , Hwang Tsang‐Lin , Chen Maosheng J. , Tedrow Jason S. , Farrell Robert P. , Bio Matthew M. , Cui Sheng
Published: October 2015

Several 3,5‐disubstituted pyridine N‐oxides are chlorinated or brominated under mild and simple reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Regio‐ and Diastereoselective Synthesis of Highly Substituted, Oxygenated Piperidines from Tetrahydropyridines.
Authors: Chen Shuming , Mercado Brandon Q. , Bergman Robert G. , Ellman Jonathan A.
Published: October 2015

This preparation of piperidine derivatives relies on the epoxidation of tetrahydropyridines as the key reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Benzimidazoles via Iridium‐Catalyzed Acceptorless Dehydrogenative Coupling.
Authors: Sun Xiang , Lv Xiao‐Hui , Ye Lin‐Miao , Hu Yu , Chen Yan‐Yan , Zhang Xue‐Jing , Yan Ming
Published: October 2015

An intramolecular coupling of tertiary amines and anilines is developed starting from 2‐(N,N‐dialkylamino)anilines.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Chemoselective [3 + 3] Cycloadditions of Azomethine Ylides with Quinonemonoimides Leading to the Construction of a Dihydrobenzoxazine Scaffold.
Authors: Wang Cong‐Shuai , Zhu Ren‐Yi , Zhang Yu‐Chen , Shi Feng
Published: October 2015

Starting from diethyl 2‐aminomalonate or α‐aryl aminoesters and aryl, hetaryl, or alkyl aldehydes azomethine ylides are generated which are transformed in situ via chemoselective [3 + 3] cycloaddition with quinone monoimides to form dihydrobenzoxazines in high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐ and Silver‐Catalyzed 7‐endo‐dig Cyclizations for the Synthesis of Oxazepines.
Authors: Peshkov Anatoly A. , Nechaev Anton A. , Pereshivko Olga P. , Goeman Jan L. , Van der Eycken Johan , Peshkov Vsevolod A. , Van der Eycken Erik V.
Published: October 2015

A comprehensive study on gold‐ and silver‐catalyzed cycloisomerizations of hydroxypropargylamides into oxazepines is performed.
ChemInform Abstract: N—B Dative Bond‐Induced [3.3.0] Bicyclic Boronate‐Tethered Exo‐Selective Intramolecular Diels—Alder Reaction.
Authors: Feng Chao , Wang Hong , Xu Liang , Li Pengfei
Published: October 2015

An operationally simple transformation of aryl and alkyl substituted alkenylboronic acids with aminodiacetic acid or aminodiethanol containing dienes is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Hydrosilylation Reaction of N‐Sulfonyl‐1,2,3‐triazoles with Triphenylsilane: Access to Diverse Compounds.
Authors: Wang Hui , Qiao Hongwei , Zhang Hao , Yang Haijun , Zhao Yufen , Fu Hua
Published: October 2015

Highly efficient hydrosilylation reactions of N‐sulfonyltriazoles lead to ethanimine intermediates which suffer an isomerization reactions in the presence of Et3N leading to (E)‐ethenamines or provide ethanamines via reduction with LiAlH4.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Dehydrogenative Aromatic C—H Silylation of Benzamides with Hydrosilanes.
Authors: Takada Kosuke , Hanataka Tsurugi , Namikoshi Takeshi , Watanabe Shinji , Murata Miki
Published: October 2015

Benzamides containing both electron‐donating and electron‐withdrawing groups are utilized in silylation reaction which takes place in ortho‐position to the amide‐moiety of the benzene ring.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Method for Phosphorylation Using Triallyl Phosphite.
Authors: Li Si‐Zhe , Ahmar Mohammed , Queneau Yves , Soulere Laurent
Published: October 2015

The method allows the phosphorylation of a wide variety of primary and secondary alcohols.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Phospholes with Aldimines: A One‐Step Synthesis of Chelating, Alpha‐C2‐Bridged Biphospholes.
Authors: Hu Zhengsong , Li Zongyang , Zhao Kang , Tian Rongqiang , Duan Zheng , Mathey Francois
Published: October 2015

Phospholes react with aldimines in the presence of a mild Lewis acid to C2‐bridged biphospholes.
ChemInform Abstract: Antiinflammatory Diterpene Dimers from the Root Barks of Aphanamixis grandifolia.
Authors: Zhang Hong‐Jian , Zhang Yang‐Mei , Luo Jian‐Guang , Luo Jun , Kong Ling‐Yi
Published: October 2015

Aphanamenes C (Ia), D (IIb), E (Ib), F (IIa), G (IIIa), H (IVb), I (IIIb), J (IVa), K (Ic), L (IId), M (Id), N (IIc), O (IIId) and P (IVc) are isolated.
ChemInform Abstract: Seven New Lycopodium Alkaloids from the Aerial Parts of Phlegmariurus squarrosus.
Authors: Long Chunlin , et al.
Published: October 2015

The isolation and structure elucidation of squarrosusine A (I), B (IIa), C (IIb), D (IVa), E (IVb), 8‐epilycoposerramine U (III) and squarrosusine F N‐oxide (V) are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Ta‐Based Amorphous Metal Thin Films.
Authors: McGlone John M. , Olsen Kristopher R. , Stickle William F. , Abbott James E. , Pugliese Roberto A. , Long Greg S. , Keszler Douglas A. , Wager John F.
Published: October 2015

Two new Ta‐based ternary metal thin films with approximate composition Ta2Ni2Si and Ta2Mo2Si are deposited by radiofrequency magnetron sputtering onto Si/SiO2 substrates.
ChemInform Abstract: Bio‐Inspired Formation of Silica Thin Films: From Solid Substrates to Cellular Interfaces
Authors: Cho Woo Kyung , Yang Sung Ho
Published: October 2015

Review: [77 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Application Prospects and Microstructural Features in Laser‐Induced Rapidly Solidified High‐Entropy Alloys
Authors: Zhang Hui , Pan Ye , He Yi‐Zhu , Wu Ji‐Li , Yue T. M. , Guo Sheng
Published: October 2015

Review: 69 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Progress in Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Reduction of Molecular Dinitrogen under Ambient Reaction Conditions
Authors: Nishibayashi Yoshiaki
Published: October 2015

Review: [recent progress in catalytic nitrogen fixation; 51 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Revealing Optical Properties of Reduced‐Dimensionality Materials at Relevant Length Scales
Authors: Ogletree D. Frank , et al.
Published: October 2015

Review: optical characterization of 2D transition metal chalcogenides, semiconductor nanowires, and quantum dots; 223 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Gallium Nitride Nanowires and Heterostructures: Toward Color‐Tunable and White‐Light Sources
Authors: Kuykendall Tevye R. , Schwartzberg Adam M. , Aloni Shaul
Published: October 2015

Review: recent advances in synthetic methods; 35 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Heterometallic Transition Metal Clusters and Cluster‐Supported Coordination Polymers Derived from Tp‐ and Tp*‐Based Mo(W) Sulfido Precursors
Authors: Zhang Wen‐Hua , Liu Quan , Lang Jian‐Ping
Published: October 2015

Review: 130 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Covalently Bonded Compounds of Heavy Group 15/16 Elements ‐ Synthesis, Structure and Potential Application in Material Sciences
Authors: Schulz Stephan
Published: October 2015

Review: 195 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhenium Complexes in Homogeneous Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Zarkadoulas Athanasios , Koutsouri Eugenia , Kefalidi Christina , Mitsopoulou Christiana A.
Published: October 2015

Review: 121 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Rare Earth—Metal Bonding in Molecular Compounds: Recent Advances, Challenges, and Perspectives
Authors: Butovskii Mikhail V. , Kempe Rhett
Published: October 2015

Review: [68 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal Cluster‐Based Functional Porous Coordination Polymers
Authors: Zhang Wei‐Xiong , Liao Pei‐Qin , Lin Rui‐Biao , Wei Yong‐Sheng , Zeng Ming‐Hua , Chen Xiao‐Ming
Published: October 2015

Review: 167 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxime Ethers as Versatile Precursors in Organic Synthesis: A Review
Authors: Mirjafary Zohreh , Abdoli Morteza , Saeidian Hamid , Boroon Sadjad , Kakanejadifard Ali
Published: October 2015

Review: [109 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Assembly of Functionalized Carbocycles or N‐Heterocycles Through a Domino Electrocyclization—[1,2] Migration Reaction Sequence
Authors: Jana Navendu , Driver Tom G.
Published: October 2015

Review: 114 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Frustrated Lewis Pairs
Authors: Stephan Douglas W.
Published: October 2015

Review: 203 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: New Avenues for Ligand‐Mediated Processes — Expanding Metal Reactivity by the Use of Redox‐Active Catechol, O‐Aminophenol and O‐Phenylenediamine Ligands.
Authors: Broere Daniel L. J. , Plessius Raoul , van der Vlugt Jarl Ivar
Published: October 2015

Review: [applications of catechol, o‐aminophenol and o‐phenylenediamine based redox‐active ligands for the chemical reactivity and catalysis; 96 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Application of [3.3.0]Furofuranone in Total Synthesis
Authors: Peng Xiao‐Shui , Ylagan Ridge Michael P. , Siu Yuk Ming , Wong Henry N. C.
Published: October 2015

Review: [66 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Surface‐Mediated in Situ Metalation of Porphyrins at the Solid‐Vacuum Interface
Authors: Marbach Hubertus
Published: October 2015

Review: 43 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Organophosphorus‐Tellurium Chemistry: From Fundamentals to Applications
Authors: Nordheider Andreas , Woollins J. Derek , Chivers Tristram
Published: October 2015

Review: 193 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Metalation of Pyrazine and Quinoxaline
Authors: Ple Nelly , Fruit Corinne
Published: October 2015

Review: 102 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Lithiations and Magnesiations on Quinoline and Isoquinoline
Authors: Chevallier Floris , Mongin Florence
Published: October 2015

Review: 108 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Photochemically Induced Radical Reactions with Furanones
Authors: Oelgemoeller Michael , Hoffmann Norbert
Published: October 2015

Review: 119 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Advances in Transition Metal‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Heteroaromatic Compounds
Authors: He Yan‐Mei , Song Feng‐Tao , Fan Qing‐Hua
Published: October 2015

Review: 161 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structures, and Physical Properties of Aromatic Molecular‐Bowl Hydrocarbons
Authors: Wu Yao‐Ting , Siegel Jay S.
Published: October 2015

Review: 183 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Perspective: Emergent Magnetic Phenomena at Interfaces
Authors: Suzuki Yuri
Published: October 2015

Review: 25 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Supramolecular Assemblies Responsive to Biomolecules Toward Biological Applications
Authors: Shigemitsu Hajime , Hamachi Itaru
Published: October 2015

Review: [54 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Membrane‐Active Small Molecules: Designs Inspired by Antimicrobial Peptides
Authors: Ghosh Chandradhish , Haldar Jayanta
Published: October 2015

Review: [96 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Diglycolamide‐Based Solvent Systems in Room Temperature Ionic Liquids for Actinide Ion Extraction: A Review
Authors: Mohapatra Prasanta Kumar
Published: October 2015

Review: 68 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Advances in Computational Actinide Chemistry in China
Authors: Wang Dongqi , Su Jing , Wu Jingyi , Li Jun , Chai Zhifang
Published: October 2015

Review: 143 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Dry Ashing Preparation of (Quasi)solid Samples for the Determination of Inorganic Elements by Atomic/Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Shen Kun , Zhang Ni , Yang Xiaoming , Li Zhongxi , Zhang Ying , Zhou Tuankun
Published: October 2015

Review: 125 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Luminescent Films for Chemo‐ and Biosensing
Authors: Guan Weijiang , Zhou Wenjuan , Lu Jun , Lu Chao
Published: October 2015

Review: 274 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Broadband Solid‐State MAS NMR of Paramagnetic Systems
Authors: Pell Andrew J. , Pintacuda Guido
Published: October 2015

Review: 103 refs.
Validation and genomic interrogation of the MET variant rs11762213 as a predictor of adverse outcomes in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Hakimi A. Ari , Ostrovnaya Irina , Jacobsen Anders , Susztak Katalin , Coleman Jonathan A. , Russo Paul , Winer Andrew G. , Mano Roy , Sankin Alexander I. , Motzer Robert J. , Voss Martin H. , Offit Kenneth , Purdue Mark , Pomerantz Mark , Freedman Matthew , Choueiri Toni K. , Hsieh James J. , Klein Robert J.
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND

The exonic single‐nucleotide variant rs11762213 located in the MET oncogene has recently been identified as a prognostic marker in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). This finding was validated with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort, and the biologic implications were explored.

METHODS

The genotype status for rs11762213 was available for 272 patients. Paired tumor‐normal data, genomic data, and clinical information were acquired from ccRCC TCGA data sets. Cancer‐specific survival (CSS) was analyzed with the competing risk method, and Cox proportional hazards regression was used for the analysis of the time to recurrence (TTR). Multivariate competing risk models were fitted to adjust for the validated Mayo Clinic Stage, Size, Grade, and Necrosis (SSIGN) score.

RESULTS

The variant allele of rs11762213 was detected in 10.3% of the cohort. After adjustments for the SSIGN score, the risk allele remained a significant predictor for adverse CSS (hazard ratio [HR], 3.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.99‐7.56; P < .0001) and for TTR (OR, 2.97; 95% CI, 1.43‐6.2; P = .003). The mapping of rs11762213 to regulatory regions within the genome suggested that it might affect a DNA enhancer region. RNA and protein sequencing data for MET did not reveal differences in steady‐state expression with stratification by risk allele.

CONCLUSIONS

The exonic MET variant rs11762213 is an independent predictor of adverse CSS and TTR in ccRCC and should be integrated into clinical practice for prognostic stratification. Genomic analysis suggests that the single‐nucleotide polymorphism may affect an enhancer region located in the coding region of MET. Further biological mechanistic interrogation is currently underway. Cancer 2016;122:402–410. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Ultrafast Photoluminescence from the Core and the Shell in CdSe/CdS Dot‐in‐Rod Heterostructures
Authors: Diroll Benjamin T. , Turk Michael E. , Gogotsi Natalie , Murray Christopher B. , Kikkawa James M.
Published: October 2015

With an ultrafast time‐resolved photoluminescence system utilizing a Kerr gate, the time‐resolved photoluminescence of core and shell constituents within CdSe/CdS dot‐in‐rod heterostructures is studied as a function of heterostructure size. Measurements performed at low excitation fluence generating, on average, less than one exciton per nanorod, reveal photoluminescence from direct recombination of carriers in the CdS heterostructure rod with lifetime generally increasing from 0.4 ps to 1.3 ps as the rod length increases. Decay of the CdS rod photoluminescence is accompanied by an increase in emission from the CdSe core on comparable time scales, also trending towards larger values as the rod length increases. The observed kinetics can be explained without invoking a non‐radiative trapping mechanism. We also present alloying as a mechanism for enhancing electron confinement and reducing fluorescence lifetime at nanosecond time scales.
Synthesis of a Low‐Molecular‐Weight Fluorescent Ambidextrous Gelator: Development of Graphene‐ and Graphene‐Oxide‐Included Gel Nanocomposites
Authors: Mandal Subhra Kanti , Mandal Deep , Das Prasanta Kumar
Published: October 2015

Low‐molecular‐weight fluorescent supramolecular ambidextrous gelators have drawn enormous attention owing to their ever‐increasing number of potential applications. In this study, we synthesized a low‐molecular‐weight fluorescent ambidextrous gelator consisting of hydrophobic pyrenebutyric acid moieties at the N termini of a central l‐lysine, and an ethyleneoxy unit coupled with 1‐(3‐aminopropyl)imidazole via a succinic acid linker as a hydrophilic moiety at the C terminus. This compound showed efficient hydrogelation and organogelation, having minimum gelation concentrations of 0.5 % (w/v) in a DMSO/water mixture (1:4 v/v) and 0.2 % (w/v) in nitrobenzene. The presence of the pyrene moieties in the structure rendered the ambidextrous gelator fluorescent. Significant amounts of both graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide were included within these gels to form a stable soft nanohybrid. Hydrogen bonding, π–π stacking and van der Waals interactions are the key factors for self‐assembly leading to gelation. The complementary interactions between the π‐electronic surface of 2D graphene sheet and the aromatic pyrene moieties of the gelator play key roles in the inclusion of the nanomaterials into the gels. The inclusion of carbon nanomaterials within the gels resulted in a notable improvement in the stiffness of the soft nanocomposites compared to native gels. The native gels and soft nanocomposites have shear thinning properties and are thixotropic in nature.
Development and Validation of the Pride in Eating Pathology Scale (PEP‐S)
Authors: Faija Cintia L. , Fox John R. E. , Tierney Stephanie , Peters Sarah , Gooding Patricia A.
Published: October 2015

There is a growing body of theoretical and clinical literature highlighting the role of pride in maintaining eating disordered behaviours. Despite its clinical importance, there are no measures to assess feelings of pride associated with eating psychopathology. This study describes the development and validation of the Pride in Eating Pathology Scale (PEP‐S), a self‐report questionnaire that examines feelings of pride towards eating disordered symptoms (e.g., pride in food restriction, thinness and weight loss). Participants were 390 females, recruited from university and community populations, whose mean age was 26.99 years. Respondents rated pride in eating pathology on a 7‐point Likert‐scale. Principal Component Analysis indicated that the 60‐item scale comprised a four component structure: (1) pride in weight loss, food control and thinness, (2) pride in healthy weight and healthy eating, (3) pride in outperforming others and social recognition and (4) pride in capturing other people's attention due to extreme thinness. These four components explained a total of 65.31% of the variance. The PEP‐S demonstrated very good internal reliability (α ranging from 0.88 to 0.98) and very good test–retest reliability over a 3‐week time‐span (r ranging from 0.81 to 0.93). The PEP‐S also showed excellent convergent and discriminant validity. Furthermore, the scale discriminated between women with high and low levels of eating psychopathology. The PEP‐S is a psychometrically robust measure of pride in eating pathology. It has the potential to advance theoretical understanding and may also be clinically useful. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Key Practitioner Message

The PEP‐S is a valid, reliable, quick and easy to administer self‐report questionnaire that measures pride related to eating pathology.

The PEP‐S assesses four clinically relevant dimensions: (1) pride in weight loss, food control and thinness, (2) pride in healthy weight and healthy eating, (3) pride in outperforming others and social recognition and (4) pride in capturing other people's attention due to extreme thinness.

The PEP‐S has very good internal and test–retest reliability, and very good convergent and discriminant validity.

The PEP‐S distinguishes between women with higher and lower levels of eating psychopathology.

The PEP‐S makes an important contribution to understanding pride in eating psychopathology, which is essential from both clinical and theoretical perspectives.
Heart failure with normal ejection fraction is uncommon in acute myocardial infarction settings but associated with poor outcomes: a study of 91 360 patients admitted with index myocardial infarction between 1998 and 2010
Authors: Desta Liyew , Jernberg Tomas , Spaak Jonas , Hofman‐Bang Claes , Persson Hans
Published: October 2015

Aim

Data are scant on the incidence and prognosis of heart failure (HF) with normal ejection fraction (HFNEF, EF >49%) in an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) setting. The aim of this study was to examine incidence and predictors of HFNEF during an index acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and its subsequent associations with patient outcomes.

Methods and results

This study analysed 91 360 patients with LVEF data from the SWEDEHEART registry on consecutive AMI patients between 1998 and 2010. Echocardiography or LV angiography was used to assess LVEF. In‐hospital HF diagnoses required presence of crackles, and use of i.v. diuretics or inotropic drugs during admission. Among HF patients, the proportion of HFNEF patients increased (from 18% to 31%) during the period. Incidence of HFNEF in the AMI population remained fairly unchanged (from 7.7% to 8.1%). In contrast, the proportion of HF patients with reduced EF (HFREF, EF ≤49%) declined (from 47% to 26%), as did the proportion of REF patients without HF (from 20% to 16%). AMI patients with NEF without HF increased (from 25% to 50%). HFREF and HFNEF patients showed considerably higher long‐term mortality compared with patients with no HF, irrespective of EF [the HFREF and HFNEF hazard ratio, compared with NEF, was 4.5 (4.4–4–6) and 3.3 (3.1–3.4), respectively, and 1.6 (1.5–1.65) for REF]. The adjusted HFNEF hazard ratio, compared with NEF, was 1.9 (1.8–2.0). Age, female gender, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, AF, and chronic kidney disease were strong predictors of HFNEF (P < 0.001).

Conclusion

The proportion of AMI patients with HFNEF is constant over time. HFNEF patients have a considerably worse long‐term prognosis compared with patients without clinical HF, irrespective of EF.
Temporal variation of stable isotopes in a precipitation–groundwater system: implications for determining the mechanism of groundwater recharge in high mountain–hills of the Loess Plateau, China
Authors: Tan Hongbing , Wen Xiawei , Rao Wenbo , Bradd John , Huang Jinzhong
Published: October 2015

The groundwater in shallow loess aquifers in high mountain–hills in the western Loess Plateau in China is almost the sole water resource for local residents. However, the question about how the loess groundwater naturally circulates in these high mountain–hills, characterized by low precipitation and high potential evaporation, remains unclear. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the application of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes to (1) examine temporal variations of the isotopic composition of precipitation and shallow groundwater and (2) uncover the mechanism of groundwater recharge in high mountain–hills. Results from 2 years of monitoring data show a difference in the stable isotopes for groundwater and local precipitation between the winter and summer periods. Similar to precipitation, stable isotopes in groundwater are observed to be depleted in winter and enriched in summer, particularly in oxygen isotope. A prominent characteristic is that H and O isotopes of groundwater show a very clear response to strong precipitation in the rainy season in 2013. The results highlight that local precipitation is the likely recharge source for groundwater in shallow loess aquifers. Annual recharge from local precipitation maintains the groundwater resource in the shallower loess aquifer. The mechanisms governing shallow loess groundwater recharge in high mountain–hills were evaluated. In addition to possible vertical slow percolation of soil water through the unsaturated zone, rapid groundwater recharge mechanisms have been identified as temporal preferential infiltration through sinkholes, slip surface or landslide surface and through the interface of loess layer and palaeo‐soils. Most groundwater can be recharged after a heavy rainy season. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bioassay of cyanoacrylate tissue adhesives used for intraperitoneal mesh fixation
Authors: Bellón Juan M. , Fernández‐Gutiérrez Mar , Rodríguez Marta , Sotomayor Sandra , Pérez‐Köhler Bárbara , Kuhnhardt Andree , Pascual Gemma , San Román Julio
Published: October 2015

Aims

This study examines the intraperitoneal behavior of two cyanoacrylate tissue adhesives: Ifabond® and a new, non‐marketed octyl cyanoacrylate adhesive (OCA) used for the intraperitoneal fixation of a laminar expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) mesh. Material and Methods: In 36 New Zealand White rabbits, 3 × 3 cm (n = 24) or 1.5 × 3 cm (n = 12) fragments of ePTFE mesh (Preclude®, Gore, Flagstaff, USA) were fixed to the parietal peritoneum using OCA or Ifabond®. Peritoneal fluid was obtained at the time of implant and at 2 weeks postimplant for determination of the cytokines interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α). At 14 or 90 days postsurgery, the animals were euthanized and the meshes excised to assess host tissue incorporation, the macrophage response, apoptosis and fixation strength (T‐peel tensiometry). Results: Peritoneal fluid IL‐6 and TNF‐α concentrations were similar in the OCA and Ifabond® groups. Both adhesives gave rise to adequate mesothelialization of the laminar ePTFE. Macrophage counts were similar for the two study groups, but a significantly increase in macrophage response was observed from 14 to 90 days for Ifabond®. At 90 days postimplant, apoptotic cell counts was lower for the implants fixed with OCA and a fixation strength was significantly lower for OCA. Conclusions: Despite similar cytokine levels at 2 weeks and similar host tissue incorporation observed for the meshes fixed with the two adhesives, the use of Ifabond® gave rise to a greater apoptosis rate, although this adhesive provided a stronger fixation bond. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 312–319, 2017.