bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementasi Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) dalam Pemberdayaan Masyarakat di Desa Tagawiti Kecamatan Ile Ape Kabupaten Lembata
Authors: Reya Lelangona Maria Salvi , W. Ballo Fransina , Molidya Aldarine
Published: January 2024

Implementasi Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) di Desa Tagawiti kurang efektif karena masih terdapat ketidakmaksimalan dalam empat faktor pendukung, seperti penggunaan bantuan untuk kebutuhan lain, ketidakvalidan data, dan kekurangan anggaran bagi KPM PKH, meskipun pendamping PKH telah melakukan koordinasi dengan pihak terkait. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana Implementasi Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) di Desa Tagawiti, Kecamatan Ile Ape, Kabupaten Lembata. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan juga data sekunder, yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian inmenggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi dengan menggunakan teori implementasi kebijakan Edward III. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa implementasi PKH di Desa Tagawiti belum maksimal sesuai dengan empat faktor pendukung dalam implementasi. Sesuai dengan teori kebijakan Edward III yang terdiri dari komunikasi yang ditunjukan dengan adanya himbauan kepada KPM PKH di Desa Tagawiti supaya bijak dalam pemanfaatan bantuan, namun dalam pelaksananya KPM PKH di Desa Tagawiti masih menggunakan bantuan untuk kebutuhan lainya dan masih banyak masyarakat yang tidak mendapatkan bantuan PKH karena data yang tidak valid. Sumber daya manusia dari segi kualitasnya juga sudah kompoten, dari segi anggaran belum mencukupi kebutuhan KPM PKH, selanjutnya disposisi dalam penyaluran bantuan sikap pelaksana sangat baik dalam pelayanan.  Dalam birokrasi Pendamping PKH di Desa Tagawiti telah melakukan koordinasi dengan beberapa pihak dalam pelaksanaan Implementasi PKH yang ada di Desa Tagawiti.
Learning Management of TPQ Al-Hilal Malang in Solving Illiteracy Reading The Quran and Increasing Student Creativity
Authors: Widodo Wahyudi
Published: January 2024

Al Quran Education Park is a non-formal educational facility that aims to improve the ability to read and write the Quran and understand Islam. The number of bad records regarding the management of the Qur'an Education Park (TPQ) and the large number of generations of Indonesian Muslims who are illiterate of the Qur'an seems to be caused by a lack of knowledge of the Qur'an and implementing learning management properly and correctly. This study aims to describe learning management in the Al-Qur'an Al-Hilal Education Park Malang. This research uses qualitative or field. The results obtained in the learning planning stage are held monthly between the management and the ustadz/ustadzah. In organizing learning, learning grouping activities consist of TPQ al-Hilal consisting of group division, division of guardians and group assistants, compiling, student entrance schedules, learning implementation times, determining the material to be taught, and choosing the method used. In the implementation of learning, it consists of 3 stages of learning, namely introduction, core, and closing.  In the evaluation of learning at TPQ al-Hilal, there are two evaluations: monthly and annual. The learning used the UMMI Qur'an method and added creative archery, coloring, or calligraphy activities.
The Meaning of Islamic Media Reporting on The Death Penalty of Rapists in Indonesia
Authors: Aladdin Yuri Alfrin , Gora Radita
Published: January 2024

Reports on the discourse on the death penalty for rapists are rife throughout 2022 and appear in various top media in Indonesia. Coverage related to this discourse includes the pros and cons among the public regarding the need for a convicted person in a rape case to receive the death penalty. This then becomes the reason for the researcher to examine the policy of the Indonesian Islamic-oriented media, Republika, about the issue of the death penalty for rapists that appears in 2022 because this media’s reports on this case still appear until 2023. This research used Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) with Norman Fairclough’s model for primary data analysis aiming to interpret the representation of news from Republika regarding the issue of the death penalty for rapists in Indonesia. The subjects and objects of this research are news texts, namely straight news related to the government's discourse on carrying out the death penalty against rapists during the period January 1-31, 2023, on the Republika.co.id news portal. The conclusion of this study is the meaning of reporting on the discourse on the death penalty against rapists in Republika media shows that as a media with an Islamic ideology, referring to Islamic Sharia law, Republika interprets that the death penalty is indeed possible for severe crimes against humanity or those that have broad implications for society such as rape, referring to Surah Al Maidah verse 33
Mask of Power Senior Student Power Hmps Pips in LDKM New Students of PIPS Faculty of Social and Law Sciences State University of Makassar
Authors: Litha Dewi Reca
Published: January 2024

This study aims to analyze the construction work of senior students in the LDKM of new PIPS students and analyze the factors of the construction of senior students in the LDKM of new students of PIPS. To achieve the objectives of the study, Heidegger used a Phenomenology-Hermeneutics research approach. These research data were obtained through participatory observation, non-intervention strategies, non-structural interviews, and documentation. The data were analyzed using interpretation analysis methods and Nvivo data analysis program version 12. The results showed (1) The construction work of HMPS PIPS senior students in LDKM (Basic Leadership Training) activities began with a narrative of skills, skills, leadership, agents of change, the title of God, and students who have. The presence of this ideal fantasy (object a) makes them participate in LDKM (Basic Leadership Training) activities in which they are dominated through the path of requiring an understanding of the materials in LDKM (Basic Leadership Training), which are covered with symbolic violence that works through euthanizations leading to psychological and physical violence as a closure. (2) The working factor of HMPS PIPS senior students in LDKM (Basic Leadership Training) activities because it maintains the existence of the HMPS PIPS internal institution to compete for the position of President of BEM (Student Executive Board) from the Faculty to University level, where HMPS PIPS senior students, especially alums, get pride and recognition as senior figures who create PIPS new student cadres (maba) who can occupy as President BEM (Student Executive Board).
Inheritance in Balinese Customary Law: Dynamics and Its Linkage With Hindu Law
Authors: Manik Wedanti I Gusti Ayu Jatiana , Ulio Ulio , Sugita I Made
Published: January 2024

The inheritance system in Balinese customary inheritance law is known as the kapurusa system. This kapurusa system is patrilineal and is inspired by Hinduism. The issuance of the Decree of Pasamuhan Agung MUDP Bali Province in 2010 was an initial milestone in the change in the mindset of granting inheritance rights to girls and boys who married nyentana or married out with their wives. Therefore, it is necessary to research the dynamics of inheritance according to Balinese customary inheritance law and its relationship with Hindu law regarding inheritance. Using empirical-normative legal research methods, the findings in this research are the development of a shift in thinking that only sons have the right to inherit the gunakaya or wealth of their parents, which has begun to be seen from the existence of financial gifts or bequests which were previously not done by many people. Parents to their daughters or sons who are getting married is illegal, but now it is common practice. The connection between Hindu law and Balinese customary inheritance law in the field of inheritance can be seen from adopting the kapurusa or patrilineal system in Hindu law. However, it still allows daughters to be the principal heirs by being confirmed as sentana jeg or elevated to equal status with sons.
The Influence of Organizational Culture, Leadership Style, and Remuneration on Improving Employee Performance At The Regional Office of The Directorate General of Customs and Excise (DJBC) Banten
Authors: Latif Abdul , Riwu Kore Jefirstson R
Published: January 2024

This study aims to analyze and prove the influence of organizational culture, leadership style, and remuneration on improving employee performance at the Regional Office of the Directorate General of Customs and Excise (DJBC) Banten. The method used in this study is a quantitative descriptive research method, data collection using a questionnaire. The sampling technique uses saturated samples, namely taking the entire population of 131 respondents. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression—data processing using SPSS 26 analysis tools. The results of partial data testing using the t-test show that organizational culture has a positive effect on employee performance with a significant value of 0.000 <0.050, leadership style has a positive effect on employee performance with a significant value of 0.032 <0.050. Remuneration has a positive effect on employee performance, with a significant value of 0.048 <0.050. The results of the F test show a positive and significant influence between the variables of organizational culture, leadership style, and remuneration on the performance of employees of the Regional Office of the Directorate General of Customs and Excise (DJBC) Banten. This is based on the results of the F test, which obtained the Fcount value of 47.18 and Ftable of 2.60. The size of the contribution contributed by the influence of organizational culture variables, leadership style, and remuneration can be seen in the R Square value of 0.527, which means that the influence of these three variables simultaneously on employee performance variables is 52% and 48% is influenced by other factors which were not examined in this study.
Research Aptitudes Among University Teachers and Impacts on Instructional Quality: A Review Paper
Authors: Safi Abdul Baseer , Sayad Sulaiman , Shahab Imaduddin
Published: January 2024

Generating new practices and ideas are the key principles of higher education instructions. For teaching at university level research aptitude, innovative competence and knowledge are becoming increasingly important in today’s education. In comparison to other professionals’ teachers are required to enhance their aptitude toward research and innovative practices more. Teacher who is engaged in research at his/her professional practice, contributes much to his education career and keep his / her field up to date. A strong research aptitude of university teachers makes a teacher strong, innovative and productive in his/her teaching profession. The present paper offers reviews of articles and previous studies about aptitude of teachers toward research and the impact on their teaching practices. The review points to the vital importance of research engagement in teaching career. Thus, the investigator argues that there is a greater need of aptitude toward research for teachers who teach at university level.
Maxillofacial infections in a tertiary hospital in São Paulo, Brazil - A two-year retrospective study
Authors: Silva Vinícius Teixeira , De-Campos Wladimir Gushiken , De-Souza Daniel Falbo Martins , Da-Fonseca Eduardo Vasques , Marin Marco Aurélio Tavelin
Published: January 2024

Background: Odontogenic infections can cause fatal complications and should be diagnosed and treated as early as possible, in addition to public health measures for preventing these diseases. Objective: This study aimed to conduct an epidemiological survey of patients hospitalized for odontogenic infections at the Mandaqui Hospital (São Paulo, Brazil) be-tween 02/01/2011 and 02/01/2013. Results: The leading cause of maxillofacial infections was odontogenic, corresponding to 89%. The prevalence of odontogenic infections was higher in males (56%), with a predominance in the age group of 21 to 30 years (36%), with teeth affected by cavities with pulp necrosis being the main responsible for triggering this disease, corresponding to 79%. of cases. The average hospitalization period was 5.31 days. The primary surgical treatment was drainage under general anesthesia associated with immediate extraction in 35% of patients. Conclusions: The primary surgical treat-ment was drainage associated with immediate teeth extraction under general anesthesia, which improved most patients effectively, with few complications reported. This finding reinforces the idea that surgical drainage is the main procedure that leads to the patient’s clinical improvement regardless of the type of antibiotic used.
Actividad fungicida de extractos de Cowania plicata D. Don. contra Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtend. Fr. y de Pistacia lentiscusL. Contra Colletotrichum coccodes Wallr. Hunghes
Authors: Contreras-Arredondo Mario Enrique , Hernández-Castillo Francisco Daniel , Sánchez-Arizpe Abiel , Gallegos-Morales Gabriel , Jasso de Rodríguez Diana
Published: January 2024

Hoy en día existen abundantes restricciones para el uso de fungicidas sintéticos, debido a los daños irremediables que ocasionan al medio ambiente, y a la salud de plantas y animales. Una posible alternativa, es la aplicación de agentes de rápida biodegradación como lo son los fungicidas provenientes de extractos vegetales. Debido a ello se propone evaluar in vitro los efectos de extractos metanólicos de plantas leñosas de la región como: alejandría (Cowania plicata D. Don.) y lentisco (Pistacia lentiscus L.), sobre dos especies de fitopatógenos de papa (Solanum tuberosum L.), como: Fusarium oxysporum y Colletotrichum coccodes. Se reporta la concentración inhibitoria (CI) de los extractos metanólicos en placa de PDA, encontrando que la menor concentración (CI50) fue del extracto de hoja de lentisco a 2,000 ppm y la mayor (CI90) de 16,000 ppm para C. coccodes, mientras que con los extractos de flor de alejandría se obtuvo una (CI50) de 3,000 ppm y una (CI90) de 28,000 ppm sobre F. oxysporum. Las determinaciones químicas de dichos extractos, indican la presencia de varios compuestos de interés, útiles no solo para enriquecer aún más la vasta quimiotaxonomía en plantas, sino también para abrir nuevos horizontes en investigaciones de principios activos con actividad plaguicida.
Cambio de uso de suelo del matorral submontano de rosáceas y áreas adyacentes de la Sierra de Zapalinamé, Saltillo, Coah., México
Authors: Gómez Pérez Sergio Germán , Zárate Lupercio Alejandro , Valdés Reyna Jesús , Villarreal Quintanilla José Ángel
Published: January 2024

La Sierra de Zapalinamé es una estribación de la Sierra Madre Oriental en la transición al Desierto Chihuahuense; decretada como Zona Sujeta a Conservación Ecológica por el gobierno de Coahuila en 1996. Con la finalidad de evaluar el cambio de uso de suelo se hizo una revisión histórica de los procesos, o sucesos, que provocaron cambios en la estructura y distribución de las comunidades vegetales de un área de 11,432.65 ha para el año 1988 al 2008. La minería, los incendios, y el crecimiento de la zona urbana, son los factores que afectan al Matorral Submontano de Rosáceas, en el cual la pérdida total del año 1998 al 2008 fue de 321.73 ha, el principal factor de reducción del área fue el incremento de la zona urbana con una frecuencia del 9.89 %, donde la asociación matorral submontano de Amelanchier denticulata – Purshia plicata es el más afectado. Por lo que para la implementación de estrategias de conservación biológica se deberá considerar el control de los disturbios antropogénicos.
Clinical validation of a deep-learning-based bone age software in healthy Korean children
Authors: Nam Hyo-Kyoung , Lea Winnah Wu-In , Yang Zepa , Noh Eunjin , Rhie Young-Jun , Lee Kee-Hyoung , Hong Suk-Joo
Published: January 2024

Purpose: Bone age (BA) is needed to assess developmental status and growth disorders. We evaluated the clinical performance of a deep-learning-based BA software to estimate the chronological age (CA) of healthy Korean children.Methods: This retrospective study included 371 healthy children (217 boys, 154 girls), aged between 4 and 17 years, who visited the Department of Pediatrics for health check-ups between January 2017 and December 2018. A total of 553 left-hand radiographs from 371 healthy Korean children were evaluated using a commercial deep-learning-based BA software (BoneAge, Vuno, Seoul, Korea). The clinical performance of the deep learning (DL) software was determined using the concordance rate and Bland-Altman analysis via comparison with the CA.Results: A 2-sample t-test (P<0.001) and Fisher exact test (P=0.011) showed a significant difference between the normal CA and the BA estimated by the DL software. There was good correlation between the 2 variables (r=0.96, P<0.001); however, the root mean square error was 15.4 months. With a 12-month cutoff, the concordance rate was 58.8%. The Bland-Altman plot showed that the DL software tended to underestimate the BA compared with the CA, especially in children under the age of 8.3 years.Conclusion: The DL-based BA software showed a low concordance rate and a tendency to underestimate the BA in healthy Korean children.
Moderating Effect of Social Media Usage on Online Reviews and Consumer Purchasing Intention in Kenya.
Authors: Kwamboka Juniter , Owino Edward Otieno
Published: January 2024

This study examines the moderating effect of social media on online reviews and consumer purchasing intentions in Kenya. Data were collected from a convenient sample of his 304 consumers who had made previous purchases based on online reviews. The results show that online reviews have a significantly positive impact on consumer purchasing intentions. Additionally, social media platforms can positively influence consumer purchasing intention, amplifying the impact of online reviews. However, the relationship between online reviews and consumer purchasing intention has been moderated by social media, with less impact for consumers who use social media platforms more. These findings suggest that Kenyan businesses and marketers should monitor and act on online reviews on social media platforms to increase their influence on consumer purchasing intentions. Additionally, businesses should target consumers who are less likely to use social media platforms to maximize the impact of online reviews on purchasing intention.
Language Assessment at a Thai University: A CEFR-Based Test of English Proficiency Development
Authors: Waluyo Budi , Zahabi Ali , Ruangsung Luksika
Published: January 2024

The increasing popularity of the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) in non-native English-speaking countries has generated a demand for concrete examples in the creation of CEFR-based tests that assess the four main English skills. In response, this research endeavors to provide insight into the development and validation of a CEFR-based test aimed at evaluating undergraduate students’ English proficiency for placement tests and exit exams. The CEFR served as the framework for item development while Classical Test Theory informed the test evaluation process. A sample of 2,248 first-year students participated in Testing 1 and 3,655 first- and second-year students took part in Testing 2. The results of the analysis of the multiple-choice listening and reading tests indicated favorable levels of item difficulty and discrimination indices, as well as high reliability coefficients obtained from Cronbach’s alpha, Kuder-Richardson, and split-half reliability. The correlation and regression analyses revealed close relationships between the subtests and between each subtest and the total score, supporting the test’s criterion validity. The study also demonstrated significant predictive validity on TOEIC scores. The findings of this study offer implications for the development of university-level English proficiency tests that integrate CEFR levels and CTT analysis.
University Research Tutoring in A Formative and Preventive Environment
Authors: Izquierdo Joe Llerena-
Published: January 2024

Graduating through a research work requires competencies in the student. For this reason, it is essential to study a research tutoring methodology from the tutor's training, resources and strategies that generate a positive, formative, and preventive work environment. The objective of this work focuses on the methodology that a research professor of high scientific productivity with Salesian style generates in the process of university tutoring in research, with visible results in the short term. The results show a total of 84 works completed between 2021 and 2023, an average of 28 works per year, as well as a participation of 29 female students and 59 male students. It is concluded that a research methodology accompanied by professors trained in a friendly spirit, proactive action, and immediate positive results, generates a positive environment where formative and preventive experiences permeate the conscience, the professional profile, and the life plan of the students.
Authority of Religious Courts: Establishing Heirs for Non-Muslims
Authors: Mujib Moh. , Budiono A. Rachmad , Fadli Moh. , Hamidah Siti
Published: January 2024

The socialization of the regulation of the mayor of Surabaya, which was carried out in the Candra Kencana women's building on Kalibokor Street in Surabaya City, turned into a cross-opinion discussion between resource persons and the Lurah and Camat; in essence, the Lurah and Camat objected to signing the Certificate of Inheritance (SKAW) made by the parties. SKAW making is currently done in several ways: making itself known to the headman for Indigenous people, both Muslims and non-Muslims; notaries for Europeans and Chinese; and the Heritage Hall (BHP) for foreign eastern descendants. At first glance, it does not matter, but when the authorized institution turns out to be refused, it becomes an important issue to be discussed. For Muslims, if making SKAW. in Lurah is rejected, they can apply to the Religious Court, but for people other than Muslims (non-Muslims) who are rejected in the village or whose existence is not accepted by the intended agency because the agency asks for an authentic certificate-shaped letter, what legal remedies can be taken? Non-Muslims initially submitted SKAW. to the District Court, but based on the letter MA. No. 26/1993, it was prohibited, meaning that the District Court is not authorized to make SKAW. This caused a legal vacuum, and The Void was answered by Law No.3/2006 on religious courts by giving non-Muslims the opportunity to apply for the determination of heirs by subjecting themselves. Article 49 of the law says, "What is meant by'between people of the Muslim religion ”includes persons or legal entities that themselves voluntarily submit to Islamic law on matters under the authority of the religious courts in accordance with the provisions of this article.”
METABOLIC CHANGES IN TYPE 2 DIABETES PATIENTS FASTING DURING RAMADAN
Authors: Mammadzada H.A.
Published: January 2024

In the Islamic world, Ramadan is considered a holy month in which Muslims try to fulfill their religious duties, especially fasting. Ramadan fasting affects many fundamental aspects of human physiology, including sleep patterns and circadian rhythms, fluid and energy balance, and glucose homeostasis. Due to the transition of the feeding regime to the night, especially due to waking up and taking food at sahur, there are changes in the normal eating pattern as well as sleeping patterns. From this point of view, fasting worship of diabetic patients without medical supervision can cause many complications.
CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS BY SEX
Authors: Aliyev R.R. , Shiraliyeva R.K.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating, neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system, with an unknown etiology and complete treatment. Many studies have shown that the incidence of MS among women is 2-3.5 times higher in comparison with men. The aim of the study was providing the sex characteristics of patients diagnosed with MS in Azerbaijan. Materials and methods of research. During the study period (01.01.2013–31.12.2022), 1796 patients with MS were examined. Patients were divided into two comparison groups (Group I – men, 616 patients; Group II – women, 1180 patients). Share of patients by sex, age (at diagnosis, probable disease onset, and the end of the study), clinical course of MS, and deathes were investigated in the comparison groups. Statistical analysis was performed with χ2-Pearson and t-Student-Bonferroni tests, and the acquired statistical results were rechecked with the U-Mann-Whitney test. Results and discussion. 65.7% of the patients were women, and 34.3% were men. Male-to-female ratio was 1:1.92. 66.4% of patients were urban residents, while rural residents were 33.6%. Among women, urban residents (68.1±1.4%) prevailed men (63.0±1.9%), and this difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The average age at diagnosis was 34.9±0.2 years (35.2±0.4 years in men; 34.7±0.3 years in women). At the time of presumed first attacks, the average age was 29.7±0.2 years (29.9±0.3 years in men and 29.6±0.2 years in women). During the study years, 43 patients died. The average age of death was 56.8±1.2 years (in men, 55.2±1.6; in women, 58.0±1.6) (P>0.05). After diagnosis of MS, the average life expectancy was 15.7±1.0 years (minimum life expectancy was 4 years, maximum was 40 years). The period between disease onset and the diagnosis of MS was on average 5.3±0.2 years in men and 5.2±0.1 years in women. The distribution of patients by 5-year age groups on the age of diagnosis showed that more incidence rate among men was in the 35-39 age group (20.1±1.6% of male patients) and among women in the 30-34 age group (20.8±1.2% of female patients). However, these indicators did not differ statistically (P>0.05). The most frequent clinical course was Relapsing Remitting MS in both sexes – 78.6±1.7% in men, 77.4±1.2% in women. Although CIS is more common in women (4.2±0.6%), the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Other types of MS were found almost equally in both sexes. Conclusion. Extensive research on sex differences in MS can improve our understanding of the disease's pathophysiology and treatment. The findings lay the groundwork for future research into the sexdepending approach to the clinical course and treatment of MS.
Urgensi Pendidikan Karakter Religius dalam Meningkatkan Kedisiplinan Siswa
Authors: Ambarwati Arum Puspita , Budiarti Annisa Rahma , Laela Nur , Dhiaulil Haqq Amalina Qurrata ‘Ainin , Makhful Makhful
Published: January 2024

Peran pendidikan karakter religius dalam menanamkan nilai-nilai spiritual, moral, dan etika menjadi hal yang tidak bisa diabaikan dalam era global yang seringkali mengabaikan nilai-nilai moral. Fokus utama adalah bagaimana pendidikan karakter religius dapat memengaruhi aspek-aspek utama pembentukan karakter siswa. Pendidikan karakter religius melibatkan pengajaran nilai-nilai agama dan etika yang mendasari moralitas dan perilaku siswa. Pendidikan karakter religius merupakan komponen penting dalam membentuk perilaku dan kedisiplinan siswa di sekolah di era modern. Kedisiplinan siswa merupakan elemen penting dalam menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang efektif. Disiplin yang baik membantu siswa belajar dengan fokus, menghormati aturan dan tata tertib, serta bertanggung jawab atas tindakan mereka. Pendidikan karakter religius membantu membentuk sikap dan perilaku yang mencerminkan kedisiplinan yang baik dalam kehidupan sehari-hari siswa. Artikel ini akan membahas pentingnya pendidikan karakter religius untuk meningkatkan kedisiplinan siswa dan mengapa penting di masa pendidikan saat ini.
Pembelajaran Kooperatif dengan Model Jigsaw dalam Mata Pelajaran Fiqih
Authors: Setiono Tedhi , Alrabani Adenesa Hafiz , Haq Fuad Tsabatul , Winardi Adit , Pratama Havidz Cahya
Published: January 2024

Salah satu inovasi dalam bidang pendidikan agama Islam adalah perubahan pada metode pembelajaran yang diterapkan. Metode pembelajaran konvensional yang masih umum digunakan saat ini tidak lagi sesuai dengan perkembangan situasi dan kondisi terkini. Sebagai penanggung jawab langsung terhadap kualitas pendidikan, guru perlu didukung dengan kemampuan, ketrampilan, dan keahlian yang memadai. Penting bagi guru untuk memilih dan menerapkan model pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan proses pembelajaran. Salah satu contohnya adalah model pembelajaran kooperatif Jigsaw, yang menekankan interaksi antara siswa untuk berbagi informasi dan pengetahuan, sehingga proses belajar mengajar tidak menciptakan jurang pemisah antar siswa. Dalam konteks penelitian, mahasiswa menggunakan metode kualitatif, khususnya penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang melibatkan empat tahap siklus berulang: perencanaan, observasi, tindakan, dan refleksi. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada mata pelajaran fiqih dengan tujuan meningkatkan kreativitas dan keaktifan para siswa.
Transgressive Segregation for Seed Protein in an Inter-specific Cajanus Cross
Authors: Saxena K.B. , Srivastava Namita , Kumar R.V.
Published: January 2024

Three inter-specific Cajanus crosses were assessed for their intra-population variation for protein content. In the unselected F7 bulk population of a cross involving a wild species (Cajanus scarabaeoides) and an early maturing cultivar, “Baigani,” the transgressive segregation for both high as well as low protein contents was observed. The high protein (35.6%) transgressive segregant produced 24% more protein than the wild species donor parent (28.7%). Similarly, the low-protein (18.8%) transgressive segregant had 17% less protein than the low-protein parent (22.7%). It is concluded that the parents of this cross carried different sets of dominant and recessive protein-controlling alleles; their complementary and/or additive gene effects produced these transgressive segregants.
Enhancing Computer Digital Signal Processing through the Utilization of RNN Sequence Algorithms
Authors: Niu Hongjie , Li Hao , Wang Jiufan , Xu Xiaonan , Ji Huan
Published: January 2024

With the increase in computing power and the availability of large amounts of data, deep learning techniques, especially convolutional neural networks (CNNS) and recurrent neural networks (RNNS), have become important tools for processing complex signals. These methods show excellent performance in speech recognition, image processing, natural language processing and so on. In this paper, we explore the application of recurrent neural network (RNN) sequence algorithms in the field of computer digital signal processing, highlighting current artificial intelligence techniques and their capabilities in solving complex signal processing problems. First, the paper reviews the basic principles and development of deep learning and RNN sequence algorithms, highlighting the advances these advanced technologies have made in simulating the way the human brain processes information. The practical application and effect of RNN sequence algorithm in computer digital signal processing are demonstrated through experimental data. By comparing with traditional algorithms, we demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of RNN in processing complex signals, such as speech recognition in noisy environments and real-time video data processing. The experimental data not only demonstrate the effectiveness of RNNS in this field, but also highlight the unique advantages of deep learning methods when dealing with large and high-dimensional data. Through these empirical studies, this paper aims to provide researchers and engineers with an in-depth understanding of the potential of RNNS in digital signal processing applications, and looks forward to the future development direction of artificial intelligence technology in this field.
Implementation of computer vision technology based on artificial intelligence for medical image analysis
Authors: Ma Danqing , Dang Bo , Li Shaojie , Zang Hengyi , Dong Xinqi
Published: January 2024

As one of the branches of machine learning, the deep learning model combined with artificial intelligence is widely used in the field of computer vision technology, and the image recognition field represented by medical image analysis is also developing. Its advantage is that it does not rely on human annotation, and the computer can recognize and process the feature information omitted by human beings during the model training process, so as to achieve or even exceed the accuracy of human processing. Based on the general lack of explain ability caused by the unknown data processing process in the deep model, the existing solutions mainly include the establishment of internal explain ability, attention mechanism interpretation of specific models, and the interpretation of unknowable models represented by LIME. The way to quantitatively assess interpretability is still being explored, especially in the interpretative assessment of both doctors and patients in medical decision-related models, several scales have been proposed for reference. The current research on the application of artificial intelligence deep learning models in medical imaging generally pays more attention to accuracy rather than explain ability, resulting in the lack of explain ability, and thus hindering the practical clinical application of deep learning models. Therefore, the need to analyze the development of medical image analysis in the field of artificial intelligence and computer vision technology, and how to balance accuracy and interpretability to develop deep learning models that both doctors and patients can trust will become the research focus of the industry in the future.
Gender variation in operative findings and outcome in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy at Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital
Authors: Charan Shrestha Bhupendra , Sharma Shivraj , Narayan Shah Dhurba , Pandit Narendra , Adhikari Milan , Sharma Ismita
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard treatment for symptomatic cholelithiasis. Despite advancement in surgical instrument and operating technique, conversion to open cholecystectomy is still worrisome concern to surgeons. There are various preoperative factors impacting on conversion. Male gender as an independent risk factor for conversion is still debatable.
Ojectives: This study aims to study the role of male gender, its impact on operative findings and conversion.Methodology: A total number of 131 patients diagnosed as symptomatic cholelithiasis and who fulfilled the inclusion criteria underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Data related to patients demographics like age sex, intraoperative complications like bleeding, bile leak, duration of surgery, conversion if any was noted. Reason for conversion was also noted. Postoperative complications like pain, surgical site infection and duration of hospital stay was noted.
Results: In this study, A total of 130 patients participated in this study of which 64 (51.70%) were male (M) and 66 (44.89%) were female (F). Mean age of presentation was 48.25 years, youngest being 23 years and elder being 78 years of age. Mean operating time was 40.66 minutes. Bile leak was seen in 2 patients in male (M) group while no such event was observed in the female group (p value 0.240). There was no organ injury observed in either group. 1 patient in the female (F) group had postoperative pancreatitis (p value 1.00). Postoperative obstructive jaundice was noted in 2 patients in female group (F), p value 0.496. It was observed that 7 male patients had conversion to open during the procedure while only 3 cases were converted in the female gender group, p value of 0.203. Bile duct injury was seen in 1 patient in male (M) gender group, p value 0.492. However, this injury was not seen in the conversion group. All cases undergoing conversion had mean operating time of 75.3 minutes and this was more in male (M) group.
Conclusion: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is difficult in male (M) gender group compared to females and operating time is also longer, however male gender is not an independent risk factor for conversion.
Outcomes of Wide Awake Local Anaesthesia no Tourniquet (WALANT) In Soft Tissue Surgeries Of The Hand
Authors: Panthee Rajan , Kumar Gupta Mithilesh , Nepal Santosh , Kafle Gokul , Kumar Sah Raj , Mahato Ajay
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Hemostasis in hand surgery can be achieved by use of an arm tourniquet but it has its own disadvantages like tourniquet-related pain, muscle and nerve injury, post-tourniquet thrombosis, and bleeding. Another method can be the use of epinephrine locally, but surgeons are concerned with digital ischemia and necrosis as seen with use of procaine in the 1970s. Recently Wide Awake Local Anesthesia No Tourniquet (WALANT) is being popular among hand surgeons in which a mixture of local anesthetic with adrenaline and sodium bicarbonate is used. Despite the absence of tourniquet related complications in WALANT technique, surgeons are reluctant to use lignocaine with epinephrine in hand surgery.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to observe the outcomes of WALANT technique in various surgical procedures of hand.

Methodology: This prospective study involved 103 patients undergoing soft tissue surgery of the hand at Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital. Patients meeting inclusion criteria and willing to participate in study were included. A proforma was filled by the operating surgeon and another proforma was to be filled by patient at home after discharge which was retrieved at follow-up visit. A mixture of 10 ml of 2% lignocaine with adrenaline diluted in equal volume of normal saline and 2ml of 8.4% sodium bicarbonate was used for local anesthesia.None of our patients developed digital ischemia or necrosis, one patient developed surgical site infection which recovered with oral antibiotics. The mean VAS score at the time of administration of local anesthesia was 3.8+1.2, intraoperatively it was 1.8+ 1.1 and at 2 hours postoperatively it was 2.3+1.3. VAS score at 6 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours postoperatively was 3.2+1.2, 3.4+1.4 and 3.7+1.1 respectively. Hemostasis control was excellent in 33 cases, very good in 58 cases, good in 8 cases, and poor in 4 cases.

Conclusion: We conclude that WALANT technique is safe to use in various soft tissue surgeries of hand surgery in terms digital ischemia, necrosis or wound infection and effective in providing excellent control of hemostasis at surgical site.
DUYGUSAL ZEKÂNIN SATIN ALMA DAVRANIŞI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ: BAKÜDEKİ AVM'LERİ TERCİH EDEN MÜŞTERİLER ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: Babazade Ulvi , Yetgin Feyzullah
Published: January 2024

Duygusal zekâ, bu karmaşık süreçte müşterilerin gerek kendilerini ve gerek yakın çevrelerinde cereyan eden eylemleri izlemek, ayırt etmek; bu bilgileri karar verme sürecinde kullanabilme yeteneğini içerisinde barındırmaktadır. Bu özelliğinden yola çıkarak duygusal zekanın müşterilerin satın alma davranışları üzerinde etkisi olup olmadığının araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini Bakü’deki AVM’leri ziyaret eden müşteriler oluşturmaktadır. Kolayda örnekleme yönteminin uygulandığı çalışmaya toplam 499 müşteri katılmıştır. Söz konusu müşterilerden veriler yüzyüze anket tekniği ile toplanmıştır. Toplanan veriler SPSS ile analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda müşterilerin orta düzeyde duygusal ve sosyal yönden orta düzeyde becerili oldukları, kendilerini kontrol edebildikleri ve kendilerini mutlu hissettikleri, buna bağlı olarak da duygusal zekâlarının orta düzeyde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte katılımcıların kısmen satın almaya karşı koyamadıkları, bu süreçte duygu çatışması yaşamakla birlikte ruh hallerini yönetebildikleri oranda duygularını olumluya çevirebildikleri belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada müşterilerin duygusal zekâ düzeyleri ile satın alma davranışları tanımlayıcı bilgileri açısından karşılaştırılmış ve farklı sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada duygusal zekânın satın alma davranışlarını etkilediği belirlenmiştir. Duygusal zekâ alt boyutlarından olan duygusallık ve sosyal becerilerin, satın almaya karşı koyamama davranışını ve ruh halinin yönetimini anlamlı bir şekilde etkilediği bulunmuştur. Duygusal zekâ alt boyutlarından olan özkontrol ve sosyal becerilerin, duyguların çatışmasına etkide bulundukları tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte sosyal becerilerin alışverişe yönelik olumlu duyguları etkilediği belirlenmiştir.
Composition and Structure of Tiwoho Mangrove Vegetation at Bunaken National Parkional Park (Komposisi Dan Struktur Vegetasi Mangrove Tiwoho di Kawasan Taman Nasional Bunaken)
Authors: Supratman Supratman Tabba , Nurlita Nurlita Indah Wahyuni , Hendra Hendra Susanto Mokodompit
Published: January 2024

Tiwoho mangrove forest islocated in north coast of North Sulawesi province.This area functions as life buffer system for community and sustainability of Bunaken National Park. Due to the important and strategic roles of mangrove in protection and ecological functions, therefore, it is needed to know scientific information about mangrove population dynamics. This research aims to know the vegetation composition and structure vegetation of Tiwoho mangrove forest. Data collection used 20x20 m sample plots that were sistematically laid from the sea to the land side up to the highest tidal line. Distance between plots along 25 m. Results showed that at tree level Sonneratia alba had the highest Important Value Index (IVI) of 206,88 % and Brugueira sp of 46,06 %. Although Rhizopora apiculata value is lower than Brugueira sp. But the values of relative frequency of these species are almost similar. It means that both species are frequently found in observation plots. Rhizophora apiculata dominate at pole and sapling levels, but frequency of occurance this species is lower than Brugueira sp in pole level.
Documentación de la música y de la práctica musical de los cantos kakataibo de la región Ucayali (Perú): un estado de la cuestión
Authors: Torres Joaquín Jorge Luis
Published: January 2024

El presente trabajo de investigación da a conocer el estado de la cuestión de la documentación de la música y la práctica musical de los cantos kakataibo de la región Ucayali, un universo de cantos que acompañan el quehacer diario: desde arrullar a un niño, discutir con otro, lamentar la muerte de un ser querido o curar. Siendo este uno de los pocos universos atendidos por la investigación entre las músicas amazónicas se analizará la documentación escrita y se identificará el tipo de enfoque que tuvo cada publicación, es decir, se dilucidará si las temáticas tratadas en los artículos son de interés etnomusicológico, etnológico, lingüístico o musicológico. Se favorecerán las publicaciones con enfoque musicológico o etnomusicológico, en las cuales se contrastará la información dada por cada investigador, para encontrar semejanzas o divergencias en cuanto a qué motivó la documentación y cómo se realizó esta. Asimismo, se comentarán los vacíos que se hayan encontrado en la documentación tanto escrita como sonora hasta la fecha y se brindarán sugerencias para futuras investigaciones.
Jaskinia Lodowa w Ciemniaku (Ice Cave in Ciemniak), Western Tatra, Poland - over a century-long investigations of climate warming-caused degradation of subterranean ice mass
Authors: Barabach Jan , Szczuciński Witold , Kicińska Ditta , Palińska Zuzanna , Rachlewicz Grzegorz
Published: January 2024

Jaskinia Lodowa w Ciemniaku (Ice Cave in Ciemniak), in the Tatra Mountains (Tatry), is believed to host the largest subterranean ice mass in Poland. It has been known for over a century, however, the onset of its scientific investigations dates back to 1922, when Tadeusz and Stefan Zwoliński mapped it. Since then, it has become one of the best-known caves in Poland. It was described in over a hundred scientific and popular science papers. They include findings of international importance, e.g. works related to radioisotopes, ice-mass balance and age. However, some of the questions asked a century ago are still partly unanswered. One may wonder if they will be delivered before climate warming causes the largest ‘cave glacier’ in Poland to disappear.
Transformation of treeless depression wetlands in Central Europe over the last 100 years: Włoszczowa Basin (southern Poland) case study
Authors: Szymczyk Artur , Nita Małgorzata
Published: January 2024

Historical changes in land use and development over the last century were analysed to identify the main causes and directions of changes in depression wetland ecosystems in the Włoszczowa Basin, an area of 1600 km2 in southern Poland. The analysis of Military Cartographic Institute maps and orthophotomaps, as well as field surveys, made it possible to determine the scale of degradation of 247 treeless depression wetlands. It was shown that the nature and extent of transformation of individual wetlands varied depending on the type of wetland and the method of land use in adjacent areas. However, the main anthropogenic factor affecting these changes was land drainage, of which the greatest intensity in Central Europe was pursued during the socialist rule between 1945 and 1989.
The involvement of the human prefrontal cortex in the emergence of visual awareness
Authors: Fang Zepeng , Dang Yuanyuan , Ling Zhipei , Han Yongzheng , Zhao Hulin , Xu Xin , Zhang Mingsha
Published: January 2024

Exploring the neural mechanisms of awareness is a fundamental task of cognitive neuroscience. There is an ongoing dispute regarding the role of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in the emergence of awareness, which is partially raised by the confound between report- and awareness-related activity. To address this problem, we designed a visual awareness task that can minimize report-related motor confounding. Our results show that saccadic latency is significantly shorter in the aware trials than in the unaware trials. Local field potential (LFP) data from six patients consistently show early (200–300ms) awareness-related activity in the PFC, including event-related potential and high-gamma activity. Moreover, the awareness state can be reliably decoded by the neural activity in the PFC since the early stage, and the neural pattern is dynamically changed rather than being stable during the representation of awareness. Furthermore, the enhancement of dynamic functional connectivity, through the phase modulation at low frequency, between the PFC and other brain regions in the early stage of the awareness trials may explain the mechanism of conscious access. These results indicate that the PFC is critically involved in the emergence of awareness.
Kit Ligand and Kit receptor tyrosine kinase sustain synaptic inhibition of Purkinje Cells
Authors: Zaman Tariq , Vogt Daniel , Prokop Jeremy , Alsabia Qusai Abdulkhaliq , Simms Gabriel , Stafford April , Luikart Bryan W. , Williams Michael R.
Published: January 2024

The cell-type specific expression of ligand/receptor and cell-adhesion molecules is a fundamental mechanism through which neurons regulate connectivity. Here we determine a functional relevance of the long-established mutually exclusive expression of the receptor tyrosine kinase Kit and the trans-membrane protein Kit Ligand by discrete populations of neurons in the mammalian brain. Kit is enriched in molecular layer interneurons (MLIs) of the cerebellar cortex (i.e., stellate and basket cells), while cerebellar Kit Ligand is selectively expressed by a target of their inhibition, Purkinje cells (PCs). By
in vivo
genetic manipulation spanning embryonic development through adulthood, we demonstrate that PC Kit Ligand and MLI Kit are required for, and capable of driving changes in, inhibition of PCs. Collectively, these works in mice demonstrate that the Kit Ligand/Kit receptor dyad sustains mammalian central synapse function and suggest a rationale for the affiliation of Kit mutation with neurodevelopmental disorders.