bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Waktu Ultrasonikasi Terhadap Sifat Mekanik Selulosa Serat Pinang
Authors: Rahman Al , Mahyudin Alimin
Published: March 2022

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai pengaruh waktu ultrasonikasi terhadap sifat mekanik selulosa serat pinang dengan variasi waktu 30, 60, 90, 120 menit dan perlakuan alkalisasi NaOH yaitu 18%. Karakterisasi fasa dan ukuran kristal selulosa menggunakan XRD (X- Ray Diffractometer). Karakterisasi morfologi dan ukuran partikel selulosa menggunakan SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy). Karakterisasi transparansi selulosa menggunakan Spectrometer Visible. Sifat mekanik meliputi kuat tarik, regangan, dan modulus elastisitas. Dari hasil pengujian didapatkan ukuran kristal adalah 39,77 nm dan indeks kristalinitas 61,89 %. Kekuatan tarik dan modulus elastisitas tertinggi dari serat pinang diperoleh pada waktu ultrasonikasi 30 menit yaitu 0,98 MPa, dan 1,6 MPa. Nilai regangan tertinggi pada waktu 60 menit yaitu 6,2%. Berdasarkan hasil karakterisasi, perlakuan setelah alkalisasi NaOH dan setelah dihasilkan pemutihan (bleaching) tingkat indek kristalinitas yaitu 61,89 %.Â A study was conducted on the effect of time on the mechanical reasons for areca cellulose fiber with time variations of 30, 60, 90, 120 minutes and the NaOH alkalization treatment of 18%. Phase and cellulose crystal characterization using XRD (X-Ray Diffractometer). Morphological characterization and cellulose particle size using SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy). Characterization of cellulose approval using a Visible Spectrometer. Mechanical properties of strong coverage, strain, and modulus of elasticity. From the test results, the crystal size was 39.77 nm and the crystallinity index was 61.89%. The highest tensile strength and elastic modulus of areca fiber were obtained at an ultrasonication time of 30 minutes, namely 0.98 MPa and 1.6 MPa. The highest strain value at 60 minutes is 6.2%. Based on the results of the characterization, the treatment after NaOH alkalization and after the resulting bleaching (bleaching) crystallinity index level was 61.89%.
Desain Konseptual Teras Reaktor Cepat Berumur Panjang Berpendingin S-CO2 dengan Bahan Bakar Uranium Metalik Alam
Authors: Darmawati Rahma , Ariani Menik , Monado Fiber
Published: March 2022

Telah dibuat sebuah desain konsep teras reaktor cepat berpendingin S-CO2 dengan bahan bakar uranium metalik alam yang dapat beroperasi dalam waktu yang lama (berumur panjang). Metode penyusunan bahan bakar dilakukan menggunakan strategi burn-up modified CANDLE (Constant Axial shape of Neutron flux, nuclide densities and power shape During Life of Energy production). Strategi pembakaran CANDLE yang dimodifikasi dengan region pertama berada di dekat region terakhir telah diterapkan. Perhitungan teras reaktor dilakukan menggunakan modul CITATION pada sistem kode SRAC (Standard Reactor Analysis Code). Tahap awal penelitian dengan menghitung sel bahan bakar menggunakan modul PIJ sebagai input siklus telah dilakukan. Parameter perhitungan yang diamati adalah nilai faktor multiplikasi efektif (k-eff), distribusi daya arah aksial dan radial serta reaktivitas pada teras reaktor. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan nilai k-eff dari awal siklus pembakaran sekitar 1,0490 hingga akhir siklus sebesar 1,0598. Distribusi daya arah aksial paling besar terjadi pada ketinggian teras 115 cm yaitu sebesar 1,9824 watt/cc. Sedangkan untuk distribusi daya arah radial paling besar terjadi di tengah teras yaitu sebesar 2,1697 watt/cc. NilaiÂ  reaktivitas rata-rata selama waktu operasi sebesar 0,0562. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, keadaan teras reaktor memenuhi syarat untuk beroperasi.Â The conceptual design of a fast reactor core has been made with S-CO2 as a coolant and natural metallic uranium as a fuel, which can operate for a long time (long-life reactor). The fuel preparation method uses a strategy of burn-up modified CANDLE (Constant Axial shape of Neutron flux, nuclide density, and power shape During Life ofÂ  Energy production). The modified CANDLE burning strategy with the first region near the last region has been implemented. The reactor core calculation is performed using the CITATION module on the SRAC (Standard Reactor Analysis Code) code system. The initial phase of research by counting fuel cells using the PIJ module as a cycle input has been carried out. The calculation parameters observed were effective multiplication factor (k-eff), axial and radial power distribution, and reactivity on the reactor core. The calculation results show the k-eff value from the burning of life (BOL) cycle around 1.0490 until the end of the cycle of 1.0598. The largest axial power distribution occurs at the reactor core height of 115 cm,Â  equal to 1.9824 watts/cc, whereas the largest radial power distribution occurs in the center of the core, which is equal to 2.1697 watts/cc. The average reactivity value during the operation time of around 0.0562. Based on these results, the reactor core condition qualifies for operation.
Sintesis Lapisan Titanium Dioxide dengan Doping Ganda Copper-Silver untuk Aplikasi Fotoanoda Dye Sensitized Solar Cell
Authors: Warman Jijim Fadilla , Dahlan Dahyunir
Published: March 2022

Lapisan tipis TiO2 dengan doping ganda Cu-Ag untuk aplikasi fotoanoda Dye Sensitized Solar Cell telah disintesis. Lapisan disintesis dengan metode Doctor BladeÂ  dengan variasi konsentrasi doping Cu-Ag sebesar 0 mol%, 1 mol%, 2 mol%, 3 mol%, dan 4 mol%. Lapisan dikarakterisasi dengan X-ray Diffraction untuk mengetahui struktur, fasa, dan ukuran kristalnya. Karakterisasi X-ray diffraction dilakukan pada lapisan tanpa doping dan lapisan dengan doping 1%. Struktur yang dihasilkan adalah tetragonal dan fasa anatase. Ukuran kristal yang didapatkan dari pengolahan data X-ray diffraction dengan Metode Scherer adalah 58,74 nm untuk lapisan tanpa doping dan 57,54 untuk lapisan doping 1%. Nilai celah pita energi yang diperoleh dari karakterisasi UV-Vis Spectrometry lapisan memiliki celah pita energi dengan rentang 3,1Â  - 3,2 eV. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, nilai celah pita energi semakin kecil dengan penambahan doping ganda Cu-Ag. LapisanÂ  yang telah disusun menjadi DSSC tipe sandwich kemudian dikarakterisasi menggunakan perangkat I-V Test untuk mengetahui efisiensinya. Efisiensi maksimum yang dicapaiÂ  adalah 2,46%Â Cu-Ag co-doped TiO2 thin film for photoanode of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell application have been synthesized. The film was synthesized using the Doctor Blade method with different concentrations of Cu-Ag (0, 1, 2, 3, 4) mol %. The films were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction for their structural, phase, and crystallite size. X-ray diffraction did at undoped and 1% co-doped concentration. X-ray diffraction data revealed the formation of the tetragonal and anatase phase for both undoped and co-doped films. The crystallite size determined using the Scherer method is 58,74 nm for undoped films and 57,54 nm for 1% co-doped concentration films. UV-Vis spectrometry was used for the characterization of the optical properties of films. Films were having an average total band gap of 3,1 - 3,2 eV. From the investigation, the value of optical bandgap decreased by the increase of Cu-Ag concentration. The films that arranged to be sandwich-type then characterized by using the I-V test device. The maximum efficiency is 2.46% at 1% dopant addition.
Impacto do isolamento social na capacidade funcional dos idosos de Belo Horizonte durante a pandemia da Covid-19 e seus reflexos na Saúde Pública
Authors: Morais Gabriel Chagas Brandão de , Reis Guilherme Ávila Abrahão , Silva José Felippe Pinho da
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: Analisar o grau do comprometimento da capacidade funcional dos idosos em isolamento durante a pandemia por Coronavírus e refletir sobre os principais impactos nos serviços públicos de saúde. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional transversal, feito de forma 100% virtual, comparando algumas variáveis de interesse com a capacidade funcional dos participantes do estudo, medida através da escala de Lawton. Resultados: Participaram 210 pessoas com 67,0 (62,0 – 75,0) anos. Os resultados indicaram que houve diferença significativa no escore da Escala de Lawton entre: quem possuía e não possuía alguma doença crônica; quem trabalha e quem não; quem cumpriu totalmente e quem cumpriu parcialmente o isolamento social; quem teve e quem não teve dificuldades em manter os cuidados coma saúde durante o período de isolamento. Além disso, houve diferença significativa no escore de Lawton entre os participantes que relataram tristeza e humor deprimido e os que não relataram. Conclusão: Embora não identificados de maneira isolada, vários fatores podem influenciar na capacidade funcional de idosos. Porém, percebe-se que a saúde mental é a variável que teve maior impacto em idosos durante o isolamento social.
From Pay for Performance to Collaborative Quality Initiatives: Quality Care and Implications for the Limb Salvage Center
Authors: Kim Kevin , Nigam Manas , Bekeny Jenna , Akbari Cameron , Steinberg John , Attinger Christopher , Fan Kenneth , Evans Karen
Published: March 2022

Management of chronic wounds, specifically those of the lower extremity, varies considerably by geographic region. The consequences of low-quality care perpetuate poor outcomes and low value for patients and the health care system. The emergence of value-based health care has forced stakeholders to evaluate care from quality and cost perspectives. This review presents a replicable quality assessment model for limb salvage specialists to apply to their practices. This model will foster increased collaboration between caregivers across all disciplines in an effort to increase quality care assurances for patients with chronic wounds of the lower extremity. Current approaches to quality assessment in the management of such wounds are outlined, and areas for innovation, such as collaborative initiatives, are highlighted. Use of the Donabedian model to provide quality and value to patients undergoing treatment for chronic wounds at a tertiary limb salvage center is also described. A value-based care system can be comprehensively assessed using the Donabedian framework. A pay-for-performance approach has largely guided health care reform in the United States; however, the effects of this approach have been incongruent with its intent. Limb salvage centers work to rectify this imbalance and continually evaluate quality measures to improve care. Collaborative quality initiatives have resulted in improved outcomes and cost savings in multiple specialties, and multidisciplinary limb salvage centers may benefit from such infrastructure. Limb salvage specialists have an important role in determining whether health care quality improvements are internally or externally driven. Existing quality assessment tools are imperfect, and the consequences of low-quality care of chronic wounds can be devastating. Through collaboration across institutions and the use of validated quality assessment tools such as the Donabedian model, chronic wound specialists can be leaders in developing and implementing quality care measures.
Successful Management of Moisture-, Friction-, and Trauma-associated Skin Damage in the Pediatric and Neonatal Population Using Cyanoacrylate Skin Protectant
Authors: Boyar Vita
Published: March 2022

Introduction. Moisture-associated skin damage occurs in 4% to 37% of the pediatric population. Commonly described treatments can be challenging to apply to small neonatal wounds, and concerns exist about absorption, cutaneous side effects, and use in certain populations (eg, preterm neonates). Objective. This single-center, retrospective case series evaluated the use of cyanoacrylate liquid skin protectant (CSP) to manage moisture-, friction-, and trauma-associated pediatric and neonatal wounds. Materials and Methods. Fifteen pediatric and neonatal patients with wounds of various etiologies were treated with 1 to 3 applications of CSP. The product is a purple-colored liquid that comes in a small-sized and large-sized applicator and immediately adheres to the skin, taking approximately 1 minute to dry. One to 2 coats were applied to the affected area. Subsequent applications were prescribed as needed, depending on the skin condition. Before CSP application, some patients underwent different treatments deemed necessary by the treating practitioners. Results. There were 7 neonate patients (age range, 4 days–3 weeks), with a gestational age of 25 weeks to full term. Wounds included incontinence-associated dermatitis; peristomal, gastrostomy-associated, and tracheostomy-associated dermatitis; and skin tears. In the 8 older patients (age, 1–5 months; 10 years; 12 years; 16 years), wounds included gastrostomy and tracheostomy-associated dermatitis and granulation tissue, epidermal stripping from adhesive dressing removal, intertriginous dermatitis, and lesions resulting from graft-versus-host disease. Application of CSP facilitated the healing of dermatitis and peristomal excoriations as well as facilitated skin dryness, leading to increased wear time of a peristomal appliance. Peristomal dryness contributed to less friction and likely was the reason for granulation tissue recession. Conclusions. Cyanoacrylate liquid skin protectant can be considered in the management of pediatric moisture- and friction-associated cutaneous injuries, skin tears, and exudative wounds. It can be used as a stand-alone therapy or in combination with standard of care.
RESULTS OF COMPREHENSIVE CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH MEDIUM SEVERITY ENDOCRINE OPHTHALMOPATHY
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Krinets Zh. M. , Krasilnikova V. L. ,   Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Minsk, Belarus
Published: March 2022

Background. Pathogenetic therapy of the moderate severity endocrine ophthalmopathy (EOP) is performed by the administration of glucocorticoids (GC), which possess immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory and anti-edematous effects. Currently, the application of selenium and pentoxifylline medications, as well as treatment with magnetic field over periorbital region are considered as a part of combined therapy for the disease. Purpose of the study. To evaluate the results of combined conservative treatment of patients with moderate severity EOP. Material and methods. The study included 25 patients (50 orbits) with the clinical signs of moderate severity EOP. Depending on the treatment regimen, patients were divided into group A (comparison) and group B (main). Group A (comparison) – 10 patients who received pulse therapy with methylprednisolone. Group B (main) – 15 patients who were prescribed a combination of pulse therapy with methylprednisalone and a new developed treatment regimen additionally: selenium 100 mgq 2 times a day for 6 months, pentoxifylline at a dose of 600 mg 2 times a day for 6 months, a low-frequency pulsed magnetic field generated by the "UniSPOK" apparatus, lasting for 10-20 minutes, up to 8-12 procedures performed daily. Methylprednisolone application in the form of intravenous pulse therapy was prescribed collegially by an endocrinologist and an ophthalmologist individually for each patient and in total did not exceed 4.5 g recommended for the present process intensity (on average, 4.5±0.5 g in both groups). Results. The sequence in decreasing of EOP clinical signs in patients receiving combination therapy was revealed: a decrease in tremor, eyelid edema and palpebral fissure width in comparison with the initial parameters were noted already by the 3rd month of treatment, after 6 months these indicators disappeared. Lacrimation in the studied groups was not recorded by the 6th month, which can be explained by the corticosteroids application. A significant reduction in exophthalmos under developed therapy was found after 6 months, while no reduction was observed in the standard treatment group. Conclusions. The method of EOP complex treatment, including pulse therapy with methylprednisolone in combination with selenium, pentoxifylline and magnetotherapy, was effective in the moderate severity of the disease and led to the reduction of the ophthalmopathy severity symptoms. The positive effect of the combined therapy indicates the necessity for a six-month treatment course.
CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY OF THE URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS IN THE FEMALE POPULATION OF UKRAINE. PART 2: ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL CARE
Authors:   Odessa National Medical University, Odessa, Ukraine, Shostak M. V. , Kostyev F. I. ,   Odessa National Medical University, Odessa, Ukraine, Krasilyuk L. I. ,   Odessa National Medical University, Odessa, Ukraine, Babienko V. V. ,   Odessa National Medical University, Odessa, Ukraine, Lukinyuk E. I. ,   Odessa City Clinical Hospital No.10, Odessa, Ukraine
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this work was to analyze the frequency and structure of seeking medical assistance by patients with urinary tract infections (UTI) in the Ukraine, taking into account the main providers – providers of medical services for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease in correlation with the type of its course. Materials and Methods. The analysis of the respondents’ medical histories reliably testifies that during the UTI debut self-treatment and non-medical care are factors favoring subsequent chronization of the disease, which determine the further trend towards recurrence. Results. The debut episode of UTI in 49.3% of women resulted in visiting a doctor, in 26.5% of cases patients sought help for their symptoms from pharmacists or nursing staff, and in 24.2% of cases the episode was diagnosed and treated by patients themselves. In case of a recurrent UTI episode 36.7% of the interviewed patients sought medical assistance, 13.2% received treatment on the recommendation of the pharmacist and other health workers, and self-treatment was reported by 48% of respondents. The detailed analysis of the health care visits pattern showed that 11.2% of patients received treatment from a urologist in the case of a debut episode and 17.4% in the case of a recurrent UTI episode, treatment from a gynecologist was received by 14.2% and 12.9% of patients respectively. Pharmacy workers were responsible for managing patients with this pathology in 20.9% and 13.2% of cases respectively. Main vectors of selftreatment were the advertising of medications (4.7% and 10.1%, respectively) and the Internet (10.2% and 14.2%), while in case of recurrent UTI episodes, the most important self-treatment strategy was the previous own experience of medicines administration (20.2%). Conclusions. A significant prevalence of self-treatment cases was noted at the debut of the disease among those patients, whose further course of pathology led to sporadic and frequently recurrent UTI forms (1.7 times and 2.2 times more often, respectively), while visits to doctors at the UTI debut in these cohorts of patients were somewhat less frequent (1.1 and 1.3 times respectively).
DEVELOPMENT OF VACCINES FOR SARS-COV-2
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Sheibak V. M. , Haretskaya M. V. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: March 2022

Background. Currently, an active search for effective vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus continues. Purpose. To analyze the literature and assess the status of active vaccine development against SARS-CoV-2. Material and methods. We analyzed Russian and English language literature sources on the problem of finding an effective vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. Results. Structural proteins of the coronavirus have been analyzed as basic compounds for the development of vaccines. It was found that protein S is an ideal structure for creating vaccines that effectively induce the synthesis of neutralizing antibodies and provide the formation of immunity. Information about current trends in vaccine development has been obtained. Conclusions. The SARS-CoV-2 virus continues to mutate, which leads to the emergence of new highly contagious strains such as Delta, Omicron. In this regard, more research and clinical trials are needed to confirm the effectiveness of the current SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, or to continue developing the new ones.
LOW-INTENSITY LASER BLOOD RADIATION AND ITS EFFICIENCY FOR CORRECTION OF HOMEOSTASIS DISORDERS IN PREGNANT RATS WITH THERMAL SKIN BURNS
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Kovalchuk-Bolbatun T. V. , Smotryn S. M. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Kapytski A. V. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: March 2022

Background. Treatment of burn injuries is one of the most acute and urgent problems of combustiology, despite all the achievements of modern medicine. With skin burns, multiple systemic changes occur that require special attention and new approaches. Low-intensity laser blood irradiation is a highly effective method of non-pharmacological corrective effect on the homeostasis system of burned patients, but remains unexplored in pregnant women with thermal skin burns. The aim of the research. To evaluate the effectiveness of low-intensity laser blood irradiation for the correction of disorders of the homeostasis system in pregnant rats with thermal skin burns. Material and methods. An experimental study was carried out on 81 female outbred white rats weighing 200-250 g, which were divided into three groups. The control group consisted of pregnant intact rats, the first experimental group - rats with thermal skin burns in the early period of pregnancy, the second experimental group - rats with thermal skin burns in the early period of pregnancy, which underwent low-intensity laser blood irradiation. The oxygen transport function of blood, acid-base status and basic biochemical parameters of blood were studied. Results. Thermal burns of the skin in rats in the early period of pregnancy are accompanied by a deterioration in the oxygen transport function of the blood (a decrease in PO2 and SO2 values, a decrease in the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen) and the development of metabolic acidosis, as well as the presence of endogenous intoxication (an increase in the concentration of urea and creatinine, an increase in the level of liver enzymes). The use of low-intensity laser irradiation of blood makes it possible to improve homeostasis indices in a shorter time. Conclusions. Low-intensity laser irradiation of blood improves the main indicators of the oxygen transport function of the blood and reduces the level of endogenous intoxication during skin burns in rats in the early period of pregnancy.
SURGICAL TREATMENT OF URETERIC INJURIES IN OBSTETRIC AND GYNECOLOGICAL PRACTICE
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus, Youshko E. I. , Strotsky A. V. ,   Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus, Jeremiah A. N. ,   Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus
Published: March 2022

Introduction. Ureteral injury (UI) during obstetric and gynecological surgical procedures is one of the most serious and severe complications. Objective. To improve the outcomes of management of UI identified after obstetric and gynecological surgical procedures. Material and methods. A study of long-term outcomes of surgical management of 47 women aged 19 to 62 (median 48.5) years with ureteral injury (UI) was carried out in wards of the department of urology. All women underwent prior surgical procedures in gynecological (n=40) and obstetric (n=7) departments. Results. On the day of admission to the urological hospital, optical uretheroscopy and retrograde ureteropyelography were conducted on all women, and an attempt to insert double J-stent was made. The results of these procedures show that 6 women underwent reconstructive surgical repair, 33 had double J-stent insertion, and 8 had a percutaneous nephrostomy. On average, after 3 months, all patients underwent follow-up examinations, which showed that complete restoration of urodynamics on the side of the injury did not occur in 20 patients; they were reoperated. The final distribution of the procedures carried out is as follows: open access reconstructive surgical repair - in 15 patients, double J- stent insertion - in 23, ureteral bougienage and stent placement - in 6, laser dissection and endoureteroplasty - in 3. Good outcomes were observed in 38 (80.9%) patients, and satisfactory outcomes - in 9 (19.1%). Conclusions. The most significant investigations in the diagnosis of UI and options of the management plans were identified. The analysis of the outcomes of the use of X-ray endoscopic methods in the management of UI identified after obstetric and gynecological surgeries shows that their use in most cases help to restore urodynamics in the ureter avoiding more difficult reconstructive surgical repair procedures.
BRONCHOPULMONARY DYSPLASIA IN EXTREMELY PREMATURE INFANTS AND VITAMIN D SUPPLY: PERINATAL FEATURES
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Sinitsa L. N. , Paramonova N. S. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: March 2022

Background. In recent decades, many studies have been carried out showing the relationship between the development, severity, frequency of exacerbations of various diseases and insufficient supply of vitamin D. There is more and more data on the role of vitamin D in lung maturation and surfactant formation, which is very important for children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) which develops mainly in extremely premature newborns. The aim of the study is to establish the supply of vitamin D in extremely premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia in the perinatal period. Material and methods. We examined 75 extremely premature infants, determined the level of calcidiol in the blood serum at 1-2 days of life in all children, analyzed the maternal history of vitamin D intake. 38 infants developed bronchopulmonary dysplasia (1 main group), the second group consisted of 37 premature infants who did not develop BPD. Results. We established the frequency of taking preparations containing vitamin D during the last month before childbirth (63.2% in group 1 and 84.7% in group 2) by women; and also the analysis of the received dosage of cholecalciferol was carried out: only 18.4% of women of the 1st group received vitamin D in a dosage of more than 1000 IU. The level of 25 (OH) D in blood serum in patients of both groups at birth was determined: 13.9 (6.4; 37.1) ng/ml and 30.6 (11.8; 54.3) ng/ml in groups 1 and 2, respectively, p=0.031. A negative correlation was found between the content of 25 (OH) D in blood serum at birth and the severity of BPD (rs = -0.39; p=0.013). Conclusions. The serum calcidiol content at birth in BPD patients is statistically significantly lower than in infants without BPD: 13.9 (6.4; 37.1 ng/ml) versus 30.6 (11.8; 54.3) ng/ml, p = 0.031. The median vitamin D content in children with severe BPD at birth was 8.5 (3.2; 20.9) ng/ml; with moderate BPD - 13.6 (6.4; 35.0) ng/ml; in newborns with mild BPD - 41.4 (16.3; 64.6) ng/ml, p <0.05. The vast majority of mothers of infants with BPD (81.6%) received vitamin D at a dose of less than 1000 IU.
CHARACTERISTICS OF CHANGES IN RATS WITH ACUTE EXPERIMENTAL PERITONITIS
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Husakouskaya E. V. , Maksimovich N. Ye. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: March 2022

Background. The lack of decrease in lethality with diffuse peritonitis may be due to a result of the incomplete understanding of the mechanisms of its development. The aim of the research was to study the changes in rats with acute experimental peritonitis. Material and methods. The experiments were carried out on male rats (n=74) divided into 2 series and intraperitoneally injected with: series 1 (control) – 0.9% sodium chloride, series 2 (experimental peritonitis, EP) – 15% fecal suspension, 0.6 ml/100 g. In each group the research was performed in half a day (n=6), 1 day (n=6) and 3 days (n=6) after peritonitis modeling along with the assessment of rats lethality (n=19). The signs of intoxication, the reaction of blood and peritoneal leukocytes, the nitrite/nitrates level and parameters of prooxidant-antioxidant status, the degree of damage to vascular endothelium and peritoneum in rats with peritonitis were analyzed. Results. The decrease in motor activity and muscular strength, the development of fever and tachypnea, leukocytosis in the blood and peritoneal fluid with the increase in quantity of neutrophils and macrophages, appearance of metamyelocytes and myelocytes with the decrease in the percentage of peritoneal formazan-positive neutrophils, reduction in lymphocytes quantity and the lack of eosinophils, rise in concentrations of nitrites/nitrates and lipid peroxidation product – malondialdehyde along with the decrease in the level of antioxidant – reduced glutathione, increase in the quantity of circulating endothelial cells in blood and significant changes of the peritoneum structure were revealed in rats with peritonitis. Conclusions. The research of changes in rats with acute experimental peritonitis has revealed the signs of marked intoxication, changes in the leukocyte differential count of blood and peritoneal fluid in type of neutrophilicmacrophageal leukocytosis with a hyperregenerative shift of leukocyte differential count to the left and impaired ability of peritoneal neutrophils to phagocytosis along with lymphopenia and aneosinophilia, the increase in the level of nitrites/nitrates, development of oxidative stress, lesion of vascular endothelium and significant changes of peritoneum structure.
ANTIBACTERIAL AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SILVER AND ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Dovnar R. I. , Smotryn S. M. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Anufrik S. S. ,   Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, Grodno, Belarus, Sakalova T. M. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Anuchin S. N. ,   Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, Grodno, Belarus, Iaskevich N. N. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: March 2022

Background. Metal nanoparticles can have unique properties that differ from those of the solid metal from which they are obtained. This is what determines the increased interest in them on the part of researchers from all over the world. Objective of the study: quantitative assessment of the antibacterial effect of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles on polyantibiotic-resistant strains of gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. Material and methods. The synthesis of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles was performed by laser ablation in a liquid. The physical properties and sizes of these nanoparticles were studied on the basis of spectral characteristics and atomic force microscopy. The study of the antibacterial resistance of the studied microorganisms was carried out, as well as a quantitative assessment of the antibacterial effect of the obtained nanoparticles based on the determination of the minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations. Results. All microorganisms used in the study were clinical pathogenic strains with polyantibacterial resistance. In this case, the minimum inhibitory concentrations of silver nanoparticles ranged from 7.81 to 31.25 μg/ml, and the minimum bactericidal concentrations - from 31.25 to 62.50 μg/ml, while for zinc oxide nanoparticles the values of the minimum inhibitory concentrations were within the range from 125 to 500 μg/ml, and the values of the minimum bactericidal - from 250 to 1000 μg/ml. Conclusions. The laser ablation method allows the synthesis of chemically pure nanoparticles of silver, zinc oxide, and, if necessary, other metals. Silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles are effective antimicrobial agents against polyantibiotic-resistant pathogenic microbial flora. The obtained values of the minimum bactericidal and minimum inhibitory concentrations must be taken into account in the subsequent clinical implementation of medical devices based on the use of metal nanoparticles.
Analyse par chromatographie gazeuse de mélanges racémiques au moyen de cyclodextrines peralkylées
Authors: Saturnin Claude , Tabacchi Raffaele , Saxer Andreas
Published: March 2022

Chromatographic performances of chiral capillary columns obtained by dilution in OV 1701 of permethylated and perpropylated β-cyclodextrine or the mixture of the two are compared. Attention has been paid to reproducibility of chromatographic properties after long storage under He.
Nitrogen-Containing Aromatic Compound from the Culture Medium of Penicillium chrysogenum THOM
Authors: Dai Meilleko C. , Tabacchi Raffaele , Satumin Claude
Published: March 2022

Investigation of the culture medium of Penicillium chrysogenum THOM (contaminant of two strains of Ceratocystis fimbriata) led to the isolation of the sesquiterpene PR toxin (1) and 2-[(2-hydroxypropionyl)amino]benzamide (2) which have never been isolated as a natural product.
A Novel Synthesis of rac-5-(Hydroxymethyl)-1-(Tetrahydro-2'-oxofur-3'-yl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde
Authors: Hayoz Pascal , Aeby Anton , Pasquier Cecile , Neier Reinhard
Published: March 2022

A novel six-step synthesis of rac-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1-(tetrahydro-2'-oxo-fur-3'-yl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde (rac-1) starting from 2-methylfuran has been developed. The key step is the formation of rac-2-methyl-1-(tetrahydro-2'-oxofur-3'- yl)-1H-pyrrole (rac-7) according to the Clauson-Kaas procedure. Subsequent Vilsmeier formylation, oxidation with lead tetraacetate, and enzymatic hydrolysis led to rac-1.
Soybean (Glycine max L.) Nuclear DNA Contains Four tufA Genes Coding for the Chloroplast-specific Translation Elongation Factor EF-Tu
Authors: Bonny Christophe , Stutz Erhard
Published: March 2022

The chloroplast tufA gene codes for the translation elongation factor EF-Tu. In algae like e.g. Euglena tufA is part of the chloroplast DNA but in land plants the equivalent gene is transposed to the nuclear DNA. Using a previously sequenced Euglena gracilis tufA DNA probe a cDNA library from soybean was screened. Two cDNA clones (cDNA1 and cDNA2) were sequenced (ca. 500 nucleotides) and shown to contain parts of the chloroplast tufA gene. A cDNA1 fragment was used to screen a genomic library and one complete tufA gene was sequenced including 640 nucleotides of the region upstream of the transcription start site which was identified by S1 endonuclease protection experiments. The soybean genome contains four tufA genes which belong to two subfamilies with two members each. TufA mRNA is absent in dark grown seedlings but light grown seedlings contain a stable tufA mRNA of ca. 1.6 -1.7 kb. The open reading frame codes for a chloroplast transit peptide (71 amino acids) and a very conservative chloroplast EF-Tu protein.
Do Double Hybrid Functionals Benefit from Regularization in the PT2 term? Observations from an Extensive Benchmark
Authors: Santra Golokesh , Martin Jan M.L.
Published: March 2022

We put to the test a recent suggestion [Shee, J.; Loipersberger, M.; Rettig, A.; Lee, J.; Head-Gordon, M. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2021, 12 (50), 12084–12097] that MP2 regularization might improve the performance of double-hybrid density functionals. Using the very large and chemically diverse GMTKN55 benchmark, we find that κ-regularization is indeed beneficial at lower percentages of Hartree-Fock exchange, especially if spin-component scaling is not applied (such as in B2GP-PLYP or ωB97M(2)). This benefit dwindles for DSD and DOD functionals, and vanishes entirely in the ca. 70% HF exchange region optimal for them.
Optimization of pressure-vacuum swing adsorption processes for nitrogen rejection from natural gas streams using a nitrogen selective metal organic framework
Authors: Wilkins Nicholas , Pai Kasturi Nagesh , Rajendran Arvind
Published: March 2022

A vanadium(II/III) metal-organic organic framework (MOF), V2Cl2.8(btdd), that is selective to CH4 over N2 was recently discovered. Process optimizations were performed to determine the performance of this MOF to reach the pipeline transport purity of 96 mol% CH4. Two cycles were considered: the basic 3-step cycle and the Skarstrom cycle. First, the 3-step cycle was considered with a wide range of operating conditions. Three inlet compositions (55/45, 80/20 and 92/8 mol% CH4/N}), three process temperatures (30, 40 and 50C) and a range of adsorption pressures (100 to 500 kPa) were considered. A detailed process model in tandem with machine learning-aided optimization was employed to determine the optimal set of operating conditions. The 3-step cycle was unable to meet the 96 mol% CH4 purity requirement in most cases studied. However, the Skarstrom cycle was able to meet the 96 mol% CH4 purity requirement in all cases studied. The maximum recovery, at a purity of 96 mol%, was at 84.2% for the Skarstrom cycle with a methane feed composition of 80 mol% at 50C and an adsorption pressure of 100 kPa. For the Skarstrom cycle, at a feed temperature of 50C, an adsorption pressure of 100 kPa and a feed methane composition of 92 mol%, the productivity could be as high as 21.18 tonnes per day CH4 m-3 at a recovery of 73%. The achievable recovery-productivity values were comparable to a carbon molecular sieve process reported in the literature at similar operating conditions.
Diversification of Amidyl Radical Intermediates Derived from C–H Aminopyridylation
Authors: Maity Asim , Roychowdhury Pritam , Herrera Roberto , Powers David
Published: March 2022

C–H amination chemistry promises to streamline access to nitrogen-containing fine chemicals. The typical need for N-activating substituents — such of N-sulfonyl groups, which are challenging to remove and difficult to engage in synthetic elaboration — limits synthetic utility. Here, we demonstrate that N-benzylaminopyridinium species, generated by C–H aminopyridylation, provide a platform for synthetic elaboration via reductive N–N bond activation to unveil electrophilic N-centered radicals. These reactive intermediates can be trapped either via anti-Markovnikov olefin carboamination to provide access to tetrahydroisoquinolines, which are important heterocycles in molecular therapeutics, or via aza-Rubottom chemistry with silyl enol ethers to provide alpha-amino ketones. This approach broadens the synthetic utility of N-alkylaminopyridinium intermediates and demonstrates a new approach to C–H amination with synthetically addressable, bifunctional reagents.
Electronegativity Equilibration
Authors: Sessa Francesco , Rahm Martin
Published: March 2022

Controlling the distribution of electrons in materials is the holy grail of chemistry and material science. Practical attempts at this feat are common but are often reliant on simple arguments based on electronegativity. One challenge is knowing when such arguments work, and which other factors may play a role. Ultimately, electrons move to equalize chemical potentials. In this work, we outline a theory in which chemical potentials of atoms and molecules are expressed in terms of reinterpretations of common chemical concepts and some physical quantities: electronegativity, chemical hardness, and the sensitivity of electronic repulsion and core levels with respect to changes in the electron density. At the zero-temperature limit, an expression of the Fermi level emerges that helps to connect several of these quantities to a plethora of material properties, theories and phenomena predominantly explored in condensed matter physics. Our theory runs counter to Sanderson’s postulate of electronegativity equalization and allows a perspective in which electronegativities of bonded atoms need not be equal. As chemical potentials equalize in this framework, electronegativities equilibrate.
Formal Pericyclic-Coupled Electron Transfer: I. Stepwise Formal Diels-Alder Cycloaddition Enabled by Addition-Coupled Electron Transfer
Authors: Ma Yumiao , Husssein Aqeel A.
Published: March 2022

The formal Diels-Alder (D-A) reaction of alkenes with 1,2-diimine and related substrates is designed and studied by density functional theory (DFT), multi-reference and quasi-classical trajectory calculations in the presence of a benzoquinone-based organic oxidant. The reaction is found to occur through an Addition-Coupled Electron Transfer (ACET) with one electron transferred to the oxidant in one elementary step, affording a carbon-radical, followed by an intramolecular radical addition. The overall barrier is significantly reduced as compared to the traditional concerted D-A reaction. The reaction with two new bond formation events in one elementary step coupled with electron transfer (concerted Pericyclic-Coupled Electron Transfer, cPeriCET) was not found. This work reveals that coupling to electron transfer might be a tool to achieve cycloaddition reactions with unactivated substrates.
RNA auto-polymerisation from 2’,3’-cyclic nucleotides at air-water interfaces
Authors: Dass Avinash Vicholous , Wunnava Sreekar , Langlais Juliette , von der Esch Beatriz , Krusche Maik , Ufer Lennard , Chrisam Nico , C. A. Dubini Romeo , Gartner Florian , Angerpointner Severin , F. Dirscherl Christina , Rovó Petra , B. Mast Christof , Šponer Judit , Ochsenfeld Christian , Frey Erwin , Braun Dieter
Published: March 2022

For the emergence of life, the abiotic synthesis of RNA from its monomers is a central challenge. We found alkaline drying conditions in bulk and at heated air-water interfaces where 2 ́,3 ́-cyclic nucleotides reacted to form copolymers up to 10-mers. The polymerisation proceeded at a pH range of 7-12, temperatures between 40-80 °C and was enhanced by K+ ions. Among the canonical nucleotides, cGMP polymerised most efficiently. Our study suggests a polymerisation mechanism where cGMP polymerises first to form a polymorphic scaffold into which the other relatively unreactive nucleotides copolymerise. The 2 ́,3 ́-cyclic monomers are often products in prebiotic phosphorylation, nucleotide syntheses and recyclable intermediates of RNA hydrolyses. The plausible abiotic availability and the simple dry polymerisation conditions, combined with hydrolytic recycling offers an appealing minimal entry point for RNA-based molecular evolution on early Earth.
COMPLIANCE WITH THERAPY AS A WAY TO IMPROVE THE PROCESS HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT IN RUSSIA
Authors: Селецкий Эдуард Борисович
Published: March 2022

Цель статьи - выявить причины нон-комплаентности терапии с использованием ряда статистических методов. Проведенное исследование проблематики помогло автору связать низкую приверженность терапии с субъективными причинами, что ассоциируется с трехкратным повышением риска развития сердечно-сосудистых осложнений. Данное обстоятельство впоследствии отразится на состоянии здоровья граждан, а кроме того, - обернется дополнительными экономическими издержками. Автор акцентирует внимание на основных направлениях решения проблем в области управления здравоохранением по вопросам улучшения приверженности к лечению, как на региональном, так и на федеральном уровнях. Элементами научной новизны являются предъявленные возможности улучшения качества медицинских услуг.

The purpose of the article is to identify the causes of non-compliance of therapy using a number of statistical methods. The issue study conducted helped the author link low adherence to therapy with subjective causes, which is associated with a threefold increase in risk of developing cardiovascular complications. This circumstance will subsequently affect the state of health of citizens, first of all, and, secondly, will entail additional economic costs. The author focuses on the main directions of solving problems in the field of health management on improving adherence to treatment, both at the regional and federal levels. Elements of scientific novelty are presented opportunities to improve the quality of medical services.
PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN THE EDUCATION SYSTEM AS A FORM OF COORDINATION OF ECONOMIC INTERESTS
Authors: Андрианова Юлия Олеговна
Published: March 2022

По мере развития капитализма изучение проблем экономических интересов становится более актуальным. Эффективность социально-экономической политики государства находится в зависимости от степени разработанности теории экономических интересов. В экономической теории не сформировано чёткое представление об экономических интересах государственно-частного партнёрства в образовании. При этом прослеживается процесс трансформации социально-экономических отношений в системе образования. Предлагается обеспечить тесное сотрудничество государства, бизнеса и образовательных учреждений. Научная новизна исследования заключается в обосновании необходимости экономико-теоретической разработки вопросов реализации государственно-частного партнёрства в системе образования.

As capitalism progresses, the study of economic interests becomes more relevant. The effectiveness of the social and economic policy of the state depends on the degree of development of the theory of economic interests. In economic theory, a clear representation of the economic interests of public-private partnership in education is not formed. At the same time, the process of transformation of socio-economic relations in the education system is traced. Close cooperation between the state, business and educational institutions should be ensured. The scientific novelty of the study is to substantiate the need for economic and theoretical development of issues related to the implementation of public-private partnership in the education system.
THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST: LEAVE OR STAY. INFRASTRUCTURE AS A FACTOR OF MIGRATION ATTRACTIVENESS OF THE FAR EASTERN FEDERAL DISTRICT
Authors:   Institute for Demographic Research FCTAS RAS, Khramova Marina N. ,   MGIMO University, Tyshkevich Anna I. ,   Institute for Demographic Research FCTAS RAS,   MGIMO University
Published: March 2022

The problems of the demographic development of the regions of the Russian Far East are on the agenda of many federal and regional discussion platforms. Opportunities for sustainable demographic development in conjunction with socio-economic development were also discussed at the recent Eastern Economic Forum (EEF) in Vladivostok. Unfortunately, the demographic results of 2020 showed that despite significant efforts from the Russian Government, the population decline in the federal district continues, and the coronavirus pandemic has given additional losses. In this context, the work discusses the prospects and barriers to the development of the macroregion, strengthening its position in national ratings. Particular attention is paid to the problems of infrastructure development, both social and transport. The availability of various social facilities for the local population, intraregional and interregional transport connectivity are important factors in securing the local population, as well as the formation of the migration attractiveness of the macroregion for Russians from other constituent entities of the Russian Federation and international migrants.
The Role of Green Human Resource Management Practices towards Attaining Sustainable Development Goals through Corporate Sector
Authors: Zaidi Syed Yasir Abbas , Jamshed Samia
Published: March 2022

Purpose: Drawing on stakeholder theory (Freeman, 1984) and TBL theory (Elkington, 1994), this study aims to propose a consolidated model of GHRMPs – SDGs linkages, shedding light on the underlying process through which the corporate-sector can attain SDGs.

Design/methodology: A detailed review of extant literature by strategically choosing articles on the topics of GHRMPs and sustainable-development from different databases published from 2015 to 2022 was performed.

Key finding(s): This study identified 8 SDGs potentially attainable by corporate-sector. Through GHRMPs corporate-sector can attain three pillars of sustainability i.e., environmental, social, and economic, effectively execute green SCM practices, undertake green–innovation, and eventually accomplish SDGs. 

Practical implication(s): This study guides business policymakers and civil society actors seeking to widen the range of sustainable corporate actors.

Contribution to knowledge: This study explored the mid-mechanism comprehending the GHRMPs – SDGs linkages and identified the role of GHRMPs towards SDGs, and hence contributes to the knowledge by providing a roadmap for understanding sustainability by exploring the previously unexplored networks between constructs.
Pemimpin, Pengelola, Fasilitator
Authors: Sast Jahny
Published: March 2022

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