bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Verruciform Xanthoma on the Scrotum
Authors: Nakamura Shin‐ichi , Kanamori Sachio , Nakayama Keiji , Aoki Masako
Published: April 2015

A case of 80‐year‐old man with a verruciform xanthoma on the right side of the scrotum was reported. The tumor was examined histologically by light and electron microscope. We surveyed the literature and found 25 Japanese cases and 11 foreign cases in the skin. We also reviewed the pathogenesis and the location of this disease.
Cutaneous Polyarteritis Nodosa: A Clinical and Histopathological Study of 20 Cases
Authors: Chen Ko‐Ron
Published: April 2015

Twenty cases diagnosed as cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa (CPN) and confirmed by skin biopsy over the last 17 years were reviewed in our department. Based upon their clinical features, laboratory findings, and long‐term observation of the disease course, they were divided into three groups.

Group 1 comprised 16 cases which were classified as the mild cutaneous form. The disease was confined to the skin with occasional involvement of peripheral nerves and skeletal muscles of the affected extremity. They generally followed a benign course.

Group 2 comprised 2 cases classified as the severe form. Despite severe clinical manifestations and several abnormal laboratory findings, the disease was limited to the skin, muscles, and peripheral nerves without any visceral involvement over follow‐up periods of 11 years and 5 years, respectively.

Group 3 comprised 2 cases of the progressive form; in these the disease had begun with a cutaneous lesion and progressed to the systemic form after 19 and 18 year periods of recurrent episodes of cutaneous lesions, respectively. One died of gastrointestinal bleeding. In group 3, serum antinuclear antibodies and rheumatoid factor were positive. The autoimmune mechanism seems to play a role in this group. It is clear from the results of this study that not all patients whose vasculitic lesions are apparently limited to the skin remain in a benign course. Long‐term follow‐up is essential.
Cutaneous Metastasis from Hepatocellular Carcinoma Resembling Granuloma Teleangiectaticum
Authors: Yamanishi Kiyofumi , Kishimoto Saburo , Hosokawa Yohei , Yamada Kazuo , Yasuno Hirokazu
Published: April 2015

We reported a case of cutaneous metastasis originated from hepatocellular carcinoma, which appeared as a nodule resembling granuloma teleangiectaticum. The nodule, which was composed of tumor cells and intervening capillaries, showed characteristics similar to those of primary hepatocellular carcinoma. On immunohistochemical staining, the tumor cells were positive not only for AFP (alpha‐fetoprotein), but also for CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen), which is negative in most cases of primary hepatocellular carcinoma. We discussed this case with a review of previous reports of skin metastasis from liver carcinoma.
A Case of Tick Bite with Ixodes turdus Nakatsuji
Authors: Woo In Cheol , Baba Shunichi , Suzuki Hiroyuki , Kawabata Masato
Published: April 2015

The first case of tick bite by Ixodes turdus Nakatsuji was reported. The tick was found on the occipital area near the left ear of a 6‐year‐old boy. The tick bite occurred in Hoya, a suburb of Tokyo.
Anticardiolipin Antibodies in Behçet's Disease
Authors: Bergman Reuven , Lorber Margalit , Lerner Marta , Brik Riva , Friedman‐Birnbaum Rachel
Published: April 2015

Twenty‐six patients with Behçet's disease were studied for serum levels of anticardiolipin (ACL) antibody isotypes IgG and IgM. The frequency of elevated levels of ACL antibody isotype IgM was found to be significantly increased in these patients. This increased frequency, however, did not correlate statistically with a thrombotic tendency, colchicine intake, antinuclear antibodies, or a positive VDRL test.
An Epidermoid Cyst with a Seborrheic Verruca‐like Cyst Wall
Authors: Chun Soo Il , Im Sungbin
Published: April 2015

The epidermoid cyst with a seborrheic verruca‐like cyst wall is a newly described variant of the epidermoid cyst. The cyst wall of this variant shows changes simulating seborrheic keratosis and verruca. Our case of a subcutaneous mass was shown histopathologically to have this variant.
Localized Form of Multiple Glomus Tumors: Report of the First Case Showing Partial Involution
Authors: Kato Naoko , Kumakiri Masanobu , Ohkawara Akira
Published: April 2015

We recently examined a boy with relatively large multiple glomus tumors on the left scapular region. Histologic examination revealed a typical non‐capsulated glomangioma in the middle and deep dermis; by electron microscopic examination, the tumor cells were seen to exhibit a characteristic smooth muscle cell structure. Thermographic examination revealed the higher temperature of the tumor. Within a year, the tumor showed a partial involution. We think this is the first report of multiple glomus tumor showing a partial involution.
ICAM‐1 and LFA‐1 Expressions in the Lesional Skin of Annular Erythema Associated with Sjögren Syndrome
Authors: Katayama Ichiro , Asai Toshiya , Nishiyama Shigeo , Nishioka Kiyoshi
Published: April 2015

ICAM‐1 and LFA‐1 expression was studied in the lesional skin of ten cases of annular erythema associated with Sjögren syndrome. Most of the infiltrating mononuclear cells around blood vessels expressed LFA‐1 in addition to its strong expression on vascular endothelial cells and focal expression on the epidermal basal cell layer in 3 cases. ICAM‐1 expression on vascular endothelial cells was similar to LFA‐1, although relatively focal and weak expression was observed on mononuclear cells. ICAM‐1 expression on keratinocytes was focal and limited to the basal cell layer in annular erythema. These findings suggest that strong expression of ICAM‐1 on endothelial cells but not keratinocytes and LFA‐1 on mononuclear cells might play some role in the induction of skin lesions in annular erythema associated with Sjögren syndrome.
Nail Abrasion: A New Treatment for Ingrown Toe‐nails
Authors: Maeda Naonori , Mizuno Nobuyuki , Ichikawa Kazuhiko
Published: April 2015

A simple new method for the treatment of ingrown toe‐nails was devised and applied to 33 toe‐nails in 22 patients. The entire nail surface, except for the margin, was abraded until the nail became flexible with a Schreu's skin grinder equipped with a steel bar. When there was infection or granulation of the nail wall, the imbedded nail corner was trimmed before abrasion. The patients underwent additional treatments when one treatment was not enough to achieve cure or when discomfort appeared, which was the first symptom of recurrence. The average number and duration of treatments was 2.9 times and 16 months, respectively. Relief from pain occurred in all patients soon after abrasion was performed. Recurrence of infection and granulation was observed in only one patient. Five patients (23%) remained problem‐free for more than one year without any additional treatment, because their incurved nail was gradually improved in shape by repetition of this procedure. This therapy was particularly effective in patients with severely incurved nails.
The Synergistic Effect of Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide (INH) and Griseofulvin (GF) on Porphyrin Metabolism
Authors: Watanabe Masahisa
Published: April 2015

Abnormal porphyrin metabolism can be induced by several chemicals. To investigate the synergistic effect on porphyrinopathy of isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH) with a low concentration of griseofulvin (GF), the two chemicals were given to mice simultaneously. INH was added to drinking water at a concentration of 0.05%. GF was mixed with feed at a concentration of 0.1%. The mice (dd‐y strain) were divided into four groups. Those in group A were fed normally. Group B received only 0.1% GF, group C received only 0.05% INH, and group D received both 0.1% GF and 0.05% INH. The treatment was continued for 13 to 30 weeks. After treatment, the mice were anesthetized and sacrificed. The liver and whole blood were taken for analysis of porphyrins. The results revealed a slight elevation of erythrocytic porphyrins in the groups treated with 0.1% GF or 0.05% INH alone and remarkable abnormalities in the hepatic and erythrocytic porphyrin levels of the group simultaneously treated with both chemicals. These results show that INH itself may have a small potential for the induction of porphyric abnormalities, and that the administration of INH with a low concentration of GF induces marked porphyrinopathy in dd‐y strain mice.
Multiple Trichodiscomas: Histogenetical Observations
Authors: Requena Luis , Schöendorff Cristina , López M. , Yus Evaristo Sánchez
Published: April 2015

A 23‐year‐old man with multiple trichodiscomas on his face is described. Four papules were histologically examinated, and all of them showed similar findings, a dermal fibrovascular proliferation with abundant ground substance between collagen bundles and an absence of elastic fibers. We found no evidence to establish a relationship between trichodiscomas and hair disk, and, in our opinion, these lesions should be included into the spectrum of hyperplasia of the adventicial dermis.
Effects of Subminimal Inhibitory Concentrations of Erythromycin, Tetracycline, Clindamycin, and Minocycline on the Neutrophil Chemotactic Factor Production in Propionibacterium acnes Biotypes 1–5
Authors: Akamatsu Hirohiko , Nishijima Setsuko , Takahashi Megumi , Ushijima Tsutomu , Asada Yasuo
Published: April 2015

Biotypes 1–5 Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) strains were grown in the presence of 1/10 minimal inhibitory concentrations (sub‐MIC) of erythromycin (EM), tetracycline (TC), clindamycin (CLDM), or minocycline (MINO) and their culture filtrates were assayed for human neutrophil chemotactic activity using Boyden chamber methods.

The addition of sub‐MIC of MINO to the medium strongly suppressed the neutrophil chemotactic activity of the culture filtrates of P. acnes strains of all biotypes. In contrast, with sub‐MIC of EM, TC, or CLDM, the activity of the culture filtrates of P. acnes strains of biotypes 2 and 3 were suppressed but those of biotypes 1, 2, and 5 were not.

These results indicate that sub‐MIC of MINO is capable of decreasing the inflammatory capacity of P. acnes strains of all biotypes.
Effects of Cepharanthin on Neutrophil Chemotaxis, Phagocytosis, and Reactive Oxygen Species Generation
Authors: Akamatsu Hirohiko , Komura Jinro , Asada Yasuo , Niwa Yukie
Published: April 2015

The effects of cepharanthin on inflammatory parameters such as neutrophil chemotaxis, phagocytosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, were examined. Cepharanthin significantly decreased the levels of O2−, H2O2, and OH. generated by neutrophils. H2O2 and OH. generated in a cell‐free, xanthine‐xanthine oxidase system were also reduced in the presence of cepharanthin. However, the drug did not affect neutrophil chemotaxis or phagocytosis. The present study indicates that cepharanthin is an effective ROS scavenger, exerting its anti‐inflammatory action by reducing the potent ROS species excessively generated in tissues and organs, especially at the sites of inflammation.
Unilateral Dysplastic Nevi Associated with Malignant Melanoma
Authors: Misago Noriyuki , Takahashi Masahiro , Kohda Hiromu
Published: April 2015

A case of dysplastic nevi associated with malignant melanoma was reported. The case was characterized by unilateral distribution of dysplastic nevi. Multiple dysplastic nevi were observed only dorsally on the patient's left upper quadrant. To the best of our knowledge, the report of this form of dysplastic nevi is the first in Japan. In addition, dysplastic nevus cell nests were present in histologic contiguity with intraepidermal proliferation of melanoma in the radial growth phase. Histological evidence suggested that the melanoma in our case had probably been derived from the context of dysplastic nevus.
A Case of Idiopathic Vulvar Calcinosis: The First in Japan
Authors: Fukaya Yoshihide , Ueda Hiroshi
Published: April 2015

Idiopathic calcinosis of the scrotum is a rare condition of unknown etiology. As counterparts of this male disorder, only two female cases have been reported (1, 2). We report a third case, the first of its kind, in Japan. Histochemical stains revealed acid mucopolysaccharide (acid‐MPS) within the calcinosis and many infiltrated mast cells near it; these might histogenese the calcium deposition. Immunohistochemically, polyclonal carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and keratin stains revealed no positive cells near the calcium depositions.
The Koebner Phenomenon in Eruptive Xanthoma
Authors: Miwa Norimasa , Kanzaki Tamotsu
Published: April 2015

A 49‐year‐old woman with Type V hyperlipidemia had yellow papules smaller than 3 mm in diameter with red haloes on her elbows, shoulder, buttocks, and hands. Two linear lesions composed of papules arising at the sites of skin previously injured by a cat scratch were observed. Histopathological examination of these papules revealed the presence of many foam cells in the dermis which stained positively with oil red O stain. A survey of the literature found only 5 cases of the Koebner phenomenon in xanthoma.
A Case of Pyoderma Vegetans and the Follicular Occlusion Triad
Authors: Boyd Alan S. , Zemtsov Alexander
Published: April 2015

A case of pyoderma vegetans (PYV) and hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is described. Our patient had a previous history of perifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens and acne conglobata. Direct immunofluorescence findings ruled out pemphigus vegetans and suggested a potential pathogenic mechanism.
Muir‐Torre Syndrome
Authors: Narita Hajime , Kanzaki Tamotsu , Yokota Michiko , Matsuba Shozo
Published: April 2015

Muir‐Torre syndrome is characterized by multiple sebaceous tumors, various internal malignancies and an autosomal dominant inheritance. We herein report a typical case. The patient was a 69‐year‐old man with sebaceous adenomas, a keratoacanthoma, and actinic keratosis in addition to carcinomas of the prostate, colon, duodenum, and larynx. His family members also suffered from multiple cancers.
Lipoatrophic Diabetes
Authors: Sasaki Tetsuo , Ono Hideki , Nakajima Hiroshi , Sugimoto Junichi
Published: April 2015

A female patient with acanthosis nigricans, insulin resistant diabetes, and generalized lipoatrophy is reported. The patient developed skin pigmentation and acanthosis nigricans around the age of 34. Arthralgia, muscle weakness, and peripheral neuropathy were also present when she first visited us at 36 years of age. Dermatomyositis, systemic sclerosis, and internal malignancy were ruled out, and the diagnosis of acanthosis nigricans and insulin resistant diabetes was made. Her diabetes gradually worsened and, since the age of 39, she has been treated with an oral anti‐diabetic drug. Around the age of 47, generalized lipoatrophy became prominent Insulin receptor studies ruled out insulin resistant diabetes type A and B. At this point, we diagnosed this patient as having lipoatrophic diabetes, which is a syndrome characterized by insulin resistant diabetes, acanthosis nigricans, generalized lipoatrophy, and other metabolic disturbances. The control of her diabetes has been poor, and diabetic neuropathy and lipoatrophy‐induced painful skin lesions such as clavus and tylosis have been persistent The present case indicates the importance of careful skin examinations in the diagnosis of this syndrome.
Necrolytic Migratory Erythema in Glucagonoma Syndrome
Authors: Chong Lai‐Yin , Lai Cham‐Fai , Woo Chih‐Hsiang , Leung Yuet‐Foon , Greig Janes Donald , Khoo Ui‐Soon
Published: April 2015

A 32‐year‐old female Chinese presenting with typical features of necrolytic migratory erythema due to glucagonoma syndrome is reported. The clinical, biochemical, histopathological, and electron‐microscopic findings are described. Various different aspects of this rare entity are discussed.
Hereditary Benign Telangiectasia: Two Case Reports
Authors: Puppin Douglas , Rybojad Michel , Morel Patrice
Published: April 2015

We present two cases of hereditary benign telangiectasia (HBT) in which the genetic findings are compatible with an autosomal dominant hypothesis.

The lesions persisted indefinitely for many years without effect on the general health of the patients.

The term hereditary benign telangiectasia distinguishes the disorder from the more serious hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (Rendu‐Osler‐Weber). The etiology remains unknown. The condition causes only cosmetic disability and is not associated with any other diseases.
Serum Hormone Levels in Men with Severe Acne
Authors: Aizawa Hiroshi , Niimura Michihito
Published: April 2015

In order to evaluate the hormonal milieu in young men with severe acne, we measured serum estradiol (E2), total testosterone (T), free testosterone (FT), dihydrotestosterone (DHT), dehydro‐epiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA‐S), and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels in sixteen male patients aged 20–30 years with severe acne, including twelve cases of nodular‐cystic acne, and in seventeen age‐matched normal controls.

There were no significant differences in the serum levels of T, FT, DHT, DHEA‐S, or SHBG between the patients and the controls, but serum E2 was significantly higher in the patient population.

Thus, the hemodynamics of serum androgens in male patients with acne do not seem to differ significantly from that of normal controls. Elevated E2 levels might affect the inflammatory response of acne vulgaris through the release of thymic hormones, as reported in the literature.
Two Patients with Solar Urticaria Manifesting Pruritic Erythema
Authors: Torinuki Wakio
Published: April 2015

Two patients with solar urticaria are described. They complained of transient pruritic erythema, but not frank wheal, on sun‐exposed areas. However, urticarial wheals were elicited by polychromatic radiation in the ultraviolet and visible light ranges; the action spectra for solar urticaria ranged from 400 to 550 nm in case 1 and from UVA to 550 nm in case 2. In patients manifesting only transient pruritic erythema on sun‐exposed areas, phototests are essential for making a confident diagnosis of solar urticaria.
Keratohyalin, Trichohyalin and Keratohyalin‐Trichohyalin Hybrid Granules: An Overview
Authors: Manabe Motomu , O'Guin W. Michael
Published: April 2015

Filaggrin and trichohyalin are the two major intermediate filament associated proteins which interact with keratin filaments in the skin. These two proteins initially accumulate in cytoplasmic granules called keratohyalin or trichohyalin granules which provide prominent morphological hallmarks of differentiation in the epidermis and the inner root sheath of hair follicles, respectively. The contents of each of these granules are modified and subsequently released into the cytoplasm of the fully mature cells where they function in the role of aggregating keratin filament bundles. We are beginning to identify several important aspects relative to the unique biological functions of both filaggrin and trichohyalin during the late stages of keratinocyte differentiation. This overview summarizes recent work on these proteins and will also highlight the existence of novel cytoplasmic granules, keratohyalin‐trichohyalin hybrid granules, in dorsal tongue epithelia.
The Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) Gene: Identification and Partial Characterization of a Putative Tumor Suppressor Gene
Authors: O'Connell Peter , Cawthon Richard , Xu Gang‐Feng , Li Ying , Viskochil David , White Ray
Published: April 2015

The NF1 gene has been isolated and partially characterized. The discovery that NF1 functions as a ras GTPase activator protein has led to new opportunities for understanding the pathology of this disease. The approximately 11 kilobase (kb) NF1 consensus cDNA sequence contains an open reading frame encoding a peptide of 2818 amino acids. DNA blot and polymerase chain reaction analysis indicate that the NF1 gene consists of over 50 exons spanning 300 kb of chromosome 17.
CT and MR Imaging of Intracranial Tuberous Sclerosis
Authors: Houser O. Wayne , Gomez Manuel R.
Published: April 2015

CT and MR have permitted radiology to play a greater, but not definitive, role in detecting the pathologic components of tuberous sclerosis. SEN may be identified in only 80% of patients. Tubers are more ubiquitous and readily identified by MR in children and adults when the brain is myelinated. Since tubers are predominately peripheral hypomyelinated lesions, the detection of small lesions may be delayed until an infant is over 16–18 months of age when the myelin will have extended to the junction between the cortical white and gray matter. SEGA typically evolve later during the first and second decades of life. Successful genetic counseling implies a need to detect tuberous sclerosis at a stage during infancy when imaging may fail to confirm the diagnosis, so tuberous sclerosis remains a clinical diagnosis.
The Role of Metal Allergy and Local Hyperhidrosis in the Pathogenesis of Pompholyx
Authors: Yokozeki Hiroo , Katayama Ichiro , Nishioka Kiyoshi , Kinoshita Masako , Nishiyama Shigeo
Published: April 2015

Pompholyx (Dyshidrosis) is a disease of unknown etiology presenting as symmetrical, vesicular hand and foot dermatitis. To clarify the pathogenetic role of sweat and metal allergy, twenty five patients with pompholyx were examined with respect to their perspiration volume using equipment that continuously recorded the local perspiration volume. Patients were also examined for metal allergy by patch testing and oral challenge tests. The perspiration volumes were measured using recently developed equipment for continuous recording of local perspiration volume (Kenz‐Perspiro oss‐100®). The perspiration volume of pompholyx patients was found to be 2.5 times higher than that of age‐matched normal controls. Twenty percent of the patients showed sensitivity to chromate, 16% to cobalt, and 28% to nickel on patch testing. Six patients with positive results were challenged orally in a controlled trial with 2.5 mg nickel, 1 mg cobalt, or 2.5 mg chromium. Four of them (67%) showed vesicular reactions on their hands with challenge testing. These results indicated a sensitivity to metal compounds which, in combination with local hyperhidrosis, may contribute to the development of vesicular lesions in pompholyx.
A Case of Adamantinoid Basal Cell Epithelioma
Authors: Mohri Shinobu , Andoh Shin'ichiro , Matsushitay Kazuhiko , Konishi Yoshiro
Published: April 2015

A 56‐year‐old woman visited the clinic of dermatology, Yokohama Sakae Kyosai Hospital in May of 1992 with a 5‐year history of a blue‐gray lesion on her left cheek which had enlarged asymptomatically. The tumor was excised with Z plasty closure.

Histopathologically, a loosely encapsulated tumor was situated in the upper to deep dermis. At the periphery of the tumor, there were typical solid basal cell epithelioma (BCE) nests, but within the majority of lobules, intercellular spaces were widened and cells were connected by stellate appendages. Mucoid material filled the spaces and the cells at the periphery palisaded. Histochemical study revealed that the mucoid substance contained hyaluronic acid.

An immunohistochemical study was performed using peroxidase antiperoxidase (PAP) method. The antibodies used were anti‐epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), anti‐carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), anti‐S‐100 protein, anti‐neurofilament, anti‐vimentin, anti‐desmin, anti‐BRST‐1, and anti‐BRST‐2. The tumor cells and stroma expressed none of these antigens. The tumor was diagnosed as an adamantinoid BCE.
Cryosurgery and Topical Fluorouracil: A Treatment Method for Widespread Basal Cell Epithelioma in Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome
Authors: Tsuji Takuo , Otake Naoki , Nishimura Masahiro
Published: April 2015

A 58‐year‐old man with basal cell nevus syndrome had variously sized basal cell epitheliomas (BCEs), mostly of the superficial type, on his chest, back, and lumbar areas.

BCEs on the lumbar area were treated with 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) cream which was applied daily under occlusive dressings (ODT). Complete erosion occurred in the center, but not at the periphery of the lesions. In the latter regions, BCE remained. Then cryosurgery (cryo) followed by topical 5‐FU (cryo + 5‐FU) was tried to treat the peripheral, non‐eroded lesions; this caused complete erosions. Biopsy specimens obtained 6 months after epithelization did not show any evidence of recurrence.

We also tried either cryo alone or cryo + 5‐FU on the chest lesions, and either 5‐FU alone or cryo + 5‐FU on the abdominal lesions. Cryo alone or 5‐FU alone could not clear BCE, but cryo + 5‐FU could.

These results suggest that the cryo + 5‐FU was the most effective of these therapies.
Active Specific Immunotherapy of Malignant Melanoma with Anti‐idiotypic Monoclonal Antibodies
Authors: Ferrone Soldano , Kageshita Toshiro , Hirai Shunji
Published: April 2015

In this study, we have utilized the human high molecular weight‐melanoma associated antigen (HMW‐MAA) as a target for active specific immunotherapy with mouse anti‐idiotypic (anti‐id) monoclonal antibodies (mAb) in patients with malignant melanoma. After having summarized the characteristics of HMW‐MAA which account for its selection as a target for immunotherapy, we describe the development and characterization of mouse anti‐id mAb MK2‐23 which bears the internal image of HMW‐MAA. Furthermore, we describe the results of the first clinical trial performed with mouse anti‐id mAb MK2‐23 in patients with malignant melanoma.
Acquired Dermal Melanocytosis of the Hand: A New Clinical Type of Dermal Melanocytosis
Authors: Fukuda Michio , Kitajima Jun‐ichi , Fushida Hiroyo , Hamada Toshio
Published: April 2015

We report a 22‐year‐old man with acquired dermal melanocytosis on the hand which developed without any history of previous inflammation. He had no history of contact with or oral administration of any drugs or metals which might have caused pigmentation. Histopathologically, spindle‐shaped dermal melanocytes were observed running parallel to the collagen bundles and scattered in all portions of the dermis. The dopa reaction of these cells was positive. Ultrastructurally, dermal melanocytes containing numerous melanosomes (stages II to IV) which were surrounded by the extracellular sheath were observed. Differential diagnosis of other dermal melanocytosis was discussed.
Progressive Systemic Sclerosis Preceded by Malignant Lymphoma
Authors: Yamamoto Toshiyuki , Furuse Yoshiro , Nishioka Kiyoshi
Published: April 2015

We report a patient who suffered from progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) two years after she showed evidence of malignant lymphoma of the jejunum. Surgical resection of the tumor mass and VEMP regimen were successful; the patient was in remission but died of acute respiratory failure five years later. Although several reports have reported malignant lymphoma associated with PSS, lymphoma antecedent to PSS is rarely seen. Immune abnormalities including a high titer of antinuclear factor and positive anti‐RNP antibodies were suspected to be associated with the development of PSS in our case.
Fibroma of Tendon Sheath with Ulceration
Authors: Chi Hyung‐In , Oda Junji
Published: April 2015

We describe a 44‐year‐old man with fibroma of tendon sheath. The tumor originated in the foot and developed an ulcer during its course. It was totally excised, and the defect was reconstructed by full‐thickness skin graft. The patient has been free of any recurrence during the follow‐up period of one year. Fibroma of tendon sheath rarely occurs in the foot, and, to our best knowledge, this condition with ulceration is the first case reported.
Progressive Alterations of Cytokeratin Expressions in the Process of Chronic Arsenism
Authors: Yu Hsin‐Su , Chiou Kuen‐Shing , Chen Gwo‐Shing , Yang Rei‐Cheng , Chang Shui‐Feng
Published: April 2015

Recent studies of an endemic occurrence of chronic arsenism in a limited area on the southwest coast of Taiwan are focusing on its cytokeratin analysis in hopes of tracing the disease's biochemical expression. Specimens were obtained from uninvolved skin and arsenical cancers including Bowen's disease, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. In this study, we used two‐dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to analyse cytokeratin expression. Progressive alterations in cytokeratin expression were found in various skin lesions. These include an expression of K16 in the uninvolved skin; K16 and K6 in Bowen's disease; and K16, K6 and K17 in squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma. In addition, we found that the K1 isoelectric variants shifted to more acidic forms with the complete absence of K1 in basal cell carcinoma. K16 expression in uninvolved skin indicates that it is nevertheless in a hyperproliferative status. K17 was expressed in squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma, but not in Bowen's disease. The progressive impairment of phosphorylation of K1 and K2 in the process of chronic arsenism provides us with a suitable model for studying the biological significance of phosphorylation in intermediate filaments during chemical carcinogenesis.
Cutaneous Metastases from Prostatic Cancer
Authors: Azaña J. Manuel , de Misa Ricardo F. , Gomez M. Isabel , del Hoyo Juan F. , Ledo Antonio
Published: April 2015

The skin is involved in metastases from 2–9% of malignant tumors. These usually tend to spread to the skin relatively late in the course of the disease. Skin metastases of prostatic origin are quite uncommon and preferentially localized to the lower abdomen and genital area. We present a case of cutaneous metastasis from prostatic adenocarcinoma that preceded diagnosis of the primary tumor and was located on the neck.
Evaluation of Phenolic Glycolipid‐I (PGL‐I) Antibody as a Multidrug Therapy (MDT) Monitor
Authors: Prakash Kunti , Sehgal Virendra N. , Aggarwal Ravindra
Published: April 2015

Since phenolic glycolipid‐I (PGL‐I) is an unequivocal marker for Mycobacterium leprae, this antigen has been a good candidate for the serodiagnosis and monitoring of the effectiveness of leprosy chemotherapy. The present study, a continuation of an earlier report, was undertaken to estimate PGL‐I antibody titers in 40 leprosy patients 3 and 6 months after starting MDT. All the leprosy groups showed significant declines in anti PGL‐I reactivity after 6 months. There was a good correlation between bacteriological indices (BI) and anti PGL‐I antibody levels. Thus, PGL‐I based serology may be useful in monitoring the response to multidrug therapy.
Analysis of Lymphocyte Subpopulations in Peripheral Blood in Adult and Juvenile Cases of Dermatomyositis
Authors: Ishida Takeshi , Matsumoto Yoshinari , Ohashi Masaru , Sasaki Ryuichiro
Published: April 2015

Dermatomyositis, recognized as an autoimmune disorder, occurs not only in adults but also in children. In this study, we evaluated lymphocyte subpopulations in the peripheral blood of 24 adult dermatomyositis and 14 juvenile dermatomyositis patients and in 17 healthy adults and 9 healthy children by flow cytometry using monoclonal antibodies. When compared with healthy adults and adult patients with inactive dermatomyositis, the adult patients with active disease had significantly lower percentages of CD3+ and CD8+ cells and a significantly higher percentage of CD20+ cells. In contrast, juvenile dermatomyositis patients had lymphocyte subpopulations not significantly different from those of healthy children; the activity/inactivity of disease did not make any difference. These results support our hypothesis that adult and juvenile dermatomyositis may be diseases of entirely different scope.
Secretion of IL‐2, IL‐4, and IFN‐γ for Dust Mite Antigens in a Patient with Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Kubota Yumiko , Koga Tetsuya , Imayama Shuhei , Hori Yoshiaki
Published: April 2015

In a 21‐year‐old female with severe atopic dermatitis, the secretion of interleukin‐2 (IL‐2), interleukin‐4 (IL‐4), and interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) by her peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was measured after incubation with/without antigens extracted from Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp), to which the patient had developed a positive patch‐test reaction. Incubation with Dp antigen produced marked secretion of IL‐2 and IFN‐γ, but not IL‐4. This may suggest that Dp‐specific T lymphocytes present in the circulating blood cells are capable of producing IL‐2 and IFN‐γ, which may be relevant to the delayed‐type allergic reaction occurring in the skin lesion.
Linear Lichen Planus Mimicking Creeping Eruption
Authors: Taniguchi Yoshiki , Minamikawa Mitsuyoshi , Shimizu Masayuki , Ando Katsuhiko , Yamazaki Satoshi
Published: April 2015

A 42‐year‐old woman was referred to our hospital with a linear eruption on her right flank of two months duration. Because she had eaten loach‐fish a month before she noticed the eruption, a creeping eruption due to Gnathostoma spp. was initially suspected, but the histological findings of the biopsy specimens showed typical features of lichen planus. Linear lichen planus is discussed based on the cases accumulated in the literature regarding the distribution of Blaschko lines.
The Lymphocyte Transformation Test with Sulphadiminidum and with Prealbumin‐Sulphadiminidum Complex in Patients with Drug Allergy
Authors: Husz Sándor , Kenderessy Anna Szabó , Kiss Mária , Penke Botond , Dobozy Attila
Published: April 2015

Earlier results (the absence or a decreased level of prealbumin [PA] in the serum, a higher proportion of PA‐bearing lymphocytes as antigen‐binding cells, and the presence of PA in the eluate of lymphocytes in patients with drug allergy) permitted the conclusion that, besides its other relevant functions, PA may also behave as a hapten carrier protein.

The lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) involving measurement of 3H‐thymidine uptake was therefore carried out with sulphadiminidum (SA) alone, with the PA‐SA complex, and with the albumin‐SA complex in patients with proven (3 cases) or suspected (63 cases) sensitivity to SA.

In all 3 cases with proven drug allergy to SA and in 5 of the 63 suspect cases, the LTT was positive in response to both the drug alone and to the PA‐SA complex (The albumin‐SA complex gave positivity in only one case). In 5 of the 63 suspect cases, the LTT was positive only in response to the PA‐SA complex. It is suggested that the sensitivity of the LTT could be increased if the test could be run with a complex of a protein (hapten carrier?) and a drug.
A Case of Goltz Syndrome Presenting as Congenital Incomplete Alopecia
Authors: Terashi Hiroto , Kurata Sotaro , Hashimoto Hiroyuki , Ishii Yoshiteru , Takasaki Shuji , Sonoda Tadashige , Takayasu Susumu , Honda Tomohito
Published: April 2015

A 5‐year‐old Japanese girl had had localized, incomplete hair loss on the scalp, minimal distichia, and a small papillomatous eruption on the right upper eyelid since birth. The diagnosis of Goltz syndrome was made by histological findings such as upward extension of the subcutaneous tissue to the papillary dermis and marked diminution in the thickness of the dermis, although typical linear atrophy‐like eruptions and other mesoectodermal dysplasia were absent.
Histopathological and Electron Microscopical Features of Skin Lesions in a Patient with Bartonellosis (Verruga Peruana)
Authors: Bhutto Abdul Manan , Nonaka Shigeo , Hashiguchi Yoshihisa , L Eduardo A. Gomez
Published: April 2015

Chronic verruga nodules taken from a patient with Bartonellosis (verruga peruana) were studied. Histologically, specimens of all the verruga nodules had features consistent with granulomatous lesions with extensive infiltration of various types of cells along with the proliferation of capillaries. The sections were predominantly infiltrated with neutrophils and endothelial cells; histiocytes, plasma cells, lymphocytes and mast cells were also visible to some extent. The blood vessels were dilated, and many rounded and swollen endothelial cells were located peripherally; a huge number of neutrophils invaded the vessels. Electron microscopically, large number of organisms were seen in different stages of the life cycle in the stroma. Furthermore, organisms were regularly seen either in close contact or existing inside the cytoplasm of neutrophils, suggesting the phagocytic role of these cells. No organism was found inside any endothelial cells or histiocytes.
Facial Erythema and Pigmentation as an Initial Manifestation of Chronic Graft‐versus‐Host Disease
Authors: Tokura Yoshiki , Yagi Hiroaki , Iwasaki Kayoko , Takigawa Masahiro
Published: April 2015

Two bone marrow transplant recipients developed chronic graft‐versus‐host disease, presenting with a mild erythematous, pigmented eruption only on the face three and ten months after transplantation. Histologically, the lesions showed liquefaction degeneration of basal keratinocytes and incontinence of melanin in the upper dermis with a mild infiltrate of T‐lymphocytes. These findings suggest that such a facial eruption occasionally may represent an initial manifestation of chronic GVHD.
Topical Treatment of Resistant Warts with Glutaraldehyde
Authors: Hirose Ryoji , Hori Makoto , Shukuwa Tetsuo , Udono Masako , Yamada Masao , Koide Takashi , Yoshida Hikotaro
Published: April 2015

Therapy with glutaraldehyde (GA) was used to treat twenty‐five patients with selectively resistant warts. The patients were categorized as having one or more of the following conditions: 1) the location of the warts was either periungual, palmar or plantar, 2) the age of the patient was five years or younger, 3) the number of warts was two or more.

Results

Eighteen (72%) out of twenty‐five cases were cured, and the other seven (28%) were not. The individual cure rates of the three conditions above were 80%, 60%, and 68.5% respectively. Pigmentary changes occurred immediately after the initial topical application of glutaraldehyde, and the surface of the verruca hardened. Soon afterwards some debris began to drop off of the verruca tissue little by little, and final healing was completed by less than twelve weeks without disagreeable marks. This therapy was found to be extremely useful, not only because the cure rate was high, but the following advantages were also noted: 1) no pain or pruritis, 2) no evidence of scarring or permanent pigmentary change, 3) good penetration in any location, 4) no need for special instruments or reagents except the solution, and 5) no special technique required (possible home treatment). This therapy is superior to cryotherapy (CT) in that it is useful for warts on any location, regardless of the number of lesions, and it is good for young children, although the cure rates for CT and GA are almost equal.
Childhood Cutaneous Melanoma
Authors: Bartoli Cesare , Bono Aldo , Zurrida Stefano , Clemente Claudio , Prato Ivan Del , Palo Giuseppe De , Cascinelli Natale
Published: April 2015

Seventeen consecutive patients no older than 14 years with cutaneous melanoma were observed from 1975 to 1991 at the Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan; this series represented 0.8% of all cutaneous melanomas observed at the Institute during this period. Ten were males and seven females. Nine lesions arose on limbs, seven on the trunk, and one on the head and neck area. Reexamination of the clinical records suggests that childhood melanoma may present with unusual characteristics such as unusual appearance of the primary lesion and lack or scarcity of pigmentation. At first observation ten patients had stage I disease nine underwent surgery alone while in one surgery was performed in combination with regional lymph node dissection and chemotherapy. All the stage II patients underwent excision of the primary lesion and lymph node dissection. One of the 2 stage III patients received lymph node dissection only, and the other no treatment. Analysis of this series of 17 cases does not indicate that cutaneous melanoma in children is more aggressive than in adults. It is stressed that, although rare, the physician should be aware that cutaneous melanoma may occur in prepuberty.
Acute Febrile Neutrophilic Dermatosis (Sweet's Syndrome) Associated with Extreme Infiltration of Eosinophils
Authors: Masuda Toshiki , Abe Yoshiko , Arata Jirô , Nagao Yoh
Published: April 2015

A remarkable infiltration of eosinophils was observed in skin biopsy specimens in two cases of Sweet's syndrome. One patient was a 29‐year‐old woman, whose clinical and histological features included associated asthma, a prior respiratory tract infection, red plaques, blood eosinophilia, and a dense dermal infiltrate of neutrophils and eosinophils, without evidence of vasculitis. The other patient was a 61‐year‐old man characterized by a fever, red plaques, erythema nodosum‐like lesions, hepatic dysfunction, a dermal infiltrate of neutrophils accompanied by eosinophils, and a subcutaneous prominent infiltrate of eosinophils. Clinical and histological evidence supported the diagnosis of Sweet's syndrome in both of these patients. While the literature describes eosinophil infiltration in this disease, extreme eosinophil infiltration could be misleading in the diagnosis.
Immunohistochemical Distribution of CD44 and Desmoplakin I & II in Hailey‐Hailey's Disease and Darier's Disease
Authors: Harada Masashi , Hashimoto Ken , Fujiwara Keiko
Published: April 2015

The cell‐surface glycoprotein CD44 is found on a wide variety of cells including epidermal cells. It is involved in cell to cell adhesion. Desmoplakin I & II are important components of the attachment plaque of desmosomes. In this study, we compared the distribution patterns of anti‐CD44 and anti‐desmoplakin I & II in Hailey‐Hailey's disease and Darier's disease. In the normal skin, anti‐CD44 stained the entire periphery of epidermal keratinocytes while anti‐desmoplakin I & II produced dotted staining patterns along the periphery of epidermal keratinocytes. In Hailey‐Hailey's disease and Darier's disease, the staining pattern of anti‐CD44 on acantholized keratinocytes did not change, but anti‐desmoplakin I & II lost their peripheral, dotted patterns and stained diffusely in the cytoplasm in most acantholytic cells. These results suggest that, in Hailey‐Hailey's disease and Darier's disease, CD44 may be intact even in acantholytic cells but abnormalities of desmoplakin exist in such cells.
Spectrum of Reticulate Flexural and Acral Pigmentary Disorders in Northern India
Authors: Dhar Sandipan , Kanwar Amrinder J. , Jebraili Roghieh , Dawn Goutam , Das Ashim
Published: April 2015

Reticulate pigmentary disorders are rare in India. Only 15 cases of reticulate acropigmentation of Kitamura (RAPK) and 9 cases of Dowling‐Degos disease (DDD) have been reported previously. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no earlier report of acropigmentation of Dohi. We herein describe 10 patients with various reticulate pigmentary abnormalitis: 6 with RAPK, 2 with DDD, 1 with RAPK‐DDD overlap, and 1 with acropigmentation of Dohi. Palmar pits and/or breaks in epidermal ridge pattern were absent in 2 of 6 patients with RAPK A 23‐year‐old male patient had RAPK‐DDD overlap. Periorbital pigmentation and pigmentation over the mucosal surface of the prepuce and corona of the glans penis were some unique features observed in this patient. His sister and mother had RAPK and DDD, respectively.

We concluded that RAPK and DDD are varying manifestations of a single entity. Their presence in other family members probably depends on the degree of penetrance.
Oral Minocycline Improved Keratosis Follicularis Squamosa (Dohi) and Related Disorder: Bacterial Factors are Possibly Involved in Abberant Keratinization
Authors: Katayama Ichiro , Yokozeki Hiroo , Nishioka Kiyoshi
Published: April 2015

Three cases of keratosis follicularis squamosa (Dohi) and one case of papillomatose confluente et reticulee were successfully treated with oral minocycline (50‐100 mg/day). The clinical effect first appeared at 2 weeks after the initiation of therapy and no recurrence was observed for more than 3 months without minocycline. Gram positive cocci were demonstrated inside the hair follicle and horny layers in all 4 case. Minocycline might modulate abberant keratinization through its bactericidal effects in these keratinizing disorders.
A Quantitative Study of Specific Immunoglobulins to Mosquito Salivary Gland Antigen in Hypersensitive and Common Types of Mosquito Bite Reaction
Authors: Ohtaki Noriko , Oka Keiko
Published: April 2015

This study was designed with two purposes: first, to elucidate immunologic mechanisms in different cutaneous reactions, particularly in hypersensitivity to mosquito bites, and, second, to develop a more reliable and safer method of identifying the causative species of mosquito in severe cases.

The amounts of IgG, IgG4 and IgE specific to the mosquito salivary gland extract of Aedes albopictus were determined in the sera of 116 volunteers with normal reactions, either immediate or delayed, and 4 patients with severe systemic symptoms caused by mosquito bites. Titers of IgG and IgE in the severe cases were considerably higher than in volunteers with normal reactions, but there were no differences in IgG, titers between the two groups. These results indicate that high titers of IgG and IgE may be involved in development of systemic symptoms in severe cases and verify the possibility of in vitro tests to identify causative species of the mosquito.
Extrafacial Granuloma Faciale
Authors: Konohana Akira
Published: April 2015

Granuloma faciale nearly always occurs on the face; extrafacial lesions are extremely rare. This is the tenth reported case. Extrafacial granuloma faciale closely resembles erythema elevatum diutinum; however, they are distinct entities which can be differentiated from each other.
Two Cases of Eosinophilic Pustular Folliculitis Treated by Acemetacin
Authors: Nishijima Setsuko , Sugiyama Tohru , Nakagawa Mitsuko , Odaka Tatsuo , Takaishi Kimiko
Published: April 2015

The report deals with two cases of eosinophilic pustular folliculitis in a 45‐year‐old man and a 25‐year‐old woman. After their conditions failed to respond to oral and topical corticosteroids, minocycline, anti‐allergic drugs, aspirin and several types of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, good results were obtained with acemetacin.
A Statistical Study of Calcifying Epithelioma, Focusing on the Sites of Origin
Authors: Noguchi Hiromitsu , Hayashibara Toshio , Ono Tomomichi
Published: April 2015

We statistically investigated 396 lesions taken from 355 cases of calcifying epithelioma. The distribution of these lesions did not correlate with the density of the hair follicles, but it was in accord with the distribution of intermediate hairs, such as those in the hair border. This relationship may have etiologic significance.
Elevated Serum CA125 in Progressive Systemic Sclerosis with Pleural Effusion
Authors: Kimura Kyoko , Ezoe Kazuhiko , Yokozeki Hiroo , Katayama Ichiro , Nishioka Kiyoshi
Published: April 2015

The elevation of tumor markers in benign diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis, or diabetes mellitus has been reported recently. We had the opportunity to observe a female patient with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) and pleuritis who demonstrated a high level of CA125 in her pleural effusion and blood serum. The purpose of this report is to describe this case. We also investigated whether tumor markers are elevated in collagen disease. We measured the serum levels of CA125 and CA19‐9 in our case of PSS with pleuritis, 27 female patients with collagen diseases including SLE, PSS, dermatomyositis and Sjögren syndrome, and 11 normal females as controls.

Compared with the normal controls, there was no evident elevation of CA19‐9 or CA125 levels in collagen diseases except in our case.

Elevated serum CA125 may be one of the indicators of pleural effusion in collagen disease.