bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quelles stratégies alimentaires pour couvrir les besoins nutritionnels des porcs mâles entiers et/ou immuno-castrés et pour réduire les risques d’odeurs de verrat dans la viande ?
Authors: QUINIOU Nathalie , BEE Giuseppe , MARIBO Hanne , ZAMARATSKAIA Galia , LAWLOR Peadar
Published: August 2022

Cet article fait le point sur les connaissances relatives aux besoins nutritionnels des porcs mâles non castrés chirurgicalement, dans la perspective de mieux valoriser leur potentiel de croissance pour une meilleure efficience alimentaire, tout en veillant à maintenir un faible risque d’odeurs de verrat et à préserver les qualités de la carcasse et de la viande. Les raisons pour lesquelles une alimentation à volonté des mâles entiers doit être privilégiée, plutôt qu’un rationnement alimentaire, avec des aliments plus concentrés en acides aminés, sont présentées, notamment pour optimiser leur potentiel de développement de la masse protéique. Elles s’appliquent également aux porcs mâles immuno-castrés, qui peuvent être nourris comme les mâles entiers jusqu’à la deuxième vaccination contre les odeurs de verrat. Au-delà, leurs besoins en acides aminés essentiels sont nettement inférieurs à ceux des mâles entiers et les apports peuvent être diminués. Le risque d’odeurs de verrat de la viande est un problème crucial pour l’aval qui doit être maîtrisé en amont dans la production de mâles entiers. À cette fin, les impacts de l’incorporation de divers ingrédients alimentaires susceptibles de réduire les teneurs en scatol sont discutés, tant pour ce qui concerne leur efficacité que les mécanismes mis en œuvre. Avec une très faible adiposité de carcasse, les mâles entiers présentent une teneur en lipides intramusculaires inférieure à celle des femelles et des mâles castrés chirurgicalement, ce qui pénalise la qualité organoleptique de la viande. Par ailleurs, les acides gras du tissu adipeux des mâles entiers peuvent être fortement insaturés, ce qui modifie l’aptitude technologique au séchage des produits. La prise en compte de ces critères dans les cahiers des charges peut orienter les recommandations alimentaires.
The Unprecedented Role of 3D Printing Technology in Fighting the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Niranjan Y.C. , Channabasavanna S.G. , Krishnapillai Shankar , R Velmurugan , Kannan A. Rajesh , G. Mohan Dhanesh , Karganroudi Sasan Sattarpanah
Published: August 2022

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) rapidly spread to over 180 countries and abruptly disrupted the production rates and supply chains worldwide. Since then, 3D printing also recognized as additive manufacturing (AM) and known to be a novel technique that uses layer-by-layer deposition of material to produce the intricate 3D geometry, has been engaged in reducing the distress caused by the outbreak. During the early stages of this pandemic, shortages of Personal Protection Equipment (PPE), including facemasks, shields, respirators, and other medical gears, were significantly answered by remotely 3D printing them. Amidst the growing testing requirements, the 3D printing emerged as a potential and fast solution manufacturing process to meet the production needs due to its flexibility, reliability, and rapid response capabilities. In the recent past, some of the other medical applications that have gained prominence in the scientific community include 3D printed ventilator splitters, device components, and patient-specific products. Regarding the non-medical applications, researchers have successfully developed contact-free devices to address the sanitary crisis in public places. This work aims to systematically review the applications of 3D printing or AM techniques that have been involved in producing various critical products essential to limit this deadly pandemic's progression.
The Study of Chinese Dyes Recipes on Silk from The Ming Dynasty to The Republican Period
Authors: Vígio Thainá , Vicente Palomino Sofía , Montesinos Ferrandis Eva María , Yusá-Marco Dolores Julia
Published: August 2022

The article presents a literature review of three Chinese manuscripts containing natural dyes recipes and three containing synthetic dyes from the Ming Dynasty to the Republican Period. The manuscripts mentioned were exclusively used as references and sources. Four databases were used to access the original documents, then, a translation from old mandarin to Spanish was made. For natural dyes, the results show four dyestuffs were commonly used to produce colors, sappanwood (Caesalpinia sappan L.), followed by safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.), indigo (Indigofera tinctoria L.), and sophora (S. japonicum L.). While the synthetic dyes exported to or produced in China were mainly bluish, greenish, and violet probably because they were difficult to obtain from natural ones. The literature review of the dyes and their recipes can be a key factor in any art history or conservation study, improving the understanding of how the colors were achieved and as complementary information for analytical analyses. It provides useful details that contribute to the preservation of Chinese dye history on silk heritage.
Employing a Multilingual Transformer Model for Segmenting Unpunctuated Arabic Text
Authors: Alshanqiti Abdullah M. , Albouq Sami , Alkhodre Ahmad B. , Namoun Abdallah , Nabil Emad
Published: August 2022

Long unpunctuated texts containing complex linguistic sentences are a stumbling block to processing any low-resource languages. Thus, approaches that attempt to segment lengthy texts with no proper punctuation into simple candidate sentences are a vitally important preprocessing task in many hard-to-solve NLP applications. In this paper, we propose (PDTS) a punctuation detection approach for segmenting Arabic text, built on top of a multilingual BERT-based model and some generic linguistic rules. Furthermore, we showcase how PDTS can be effectively employed as a text tokenizer for unpunctuated documents (i.e., mimicking the transcribed audio-to-text documents). Experimental findings across two evaluation protocols (involving an ablation study and a human-based judgment) demonstrate that PDTS is practically effective in both performance quality and computational cost.
Численное исследование алгоритмов оптимизации при адаптации гидродинамической модели по результатам исследований скважин
Authors: Майков Дмитрий Николаевич , Maikov Dmitry Nikolaevich , Макаров Сергей Сергеевич , Makarov Sergey Sergeevich
Published: August 2022

Произведено численное исследование алгоритмов оптимизации при адаптации гидродинамических моделей по результатам гидродинамических исследований скважин. Рассмотренные алгоритмы оптимизации построены на основе метода Левенберга-Марквардта и имеют различия по способу обновления главной диагонали матрицы Гессе и расчету матрицы Якоби. Приводятся два алгоритма, представленные в виде псевдокода, позволяющие настраивать вариации метода ЛевенбергаМарквардта. Предложены функции, преобразующие безусловную оптимизацию Левенберга-Марквардта в условную. Сравнительный анализ скорости и качества расчета дебитов на забое скважины для десяти скважин с различным типом профиля по количеству вызовов функции расчета дебитов, времени расчета, средней относительной ошибке показал положительные результаты при использовании предлагаемых численных алгоритмов оптимизации.
What is the evidence on climate mitigation policies, and to what extent can it be identified and classified using Machine Learning? A machine-learning-assisted systematic map protocol
Authors: Callaghan Max , Vasudevan Shraddha , Banisch Lucy , Doebbeling Niklas , Edmondson Duncan , Flachsland Christian , Lamb William F. , Levi Sebastian , Müller-Hansen Finn , Posada Eduardo , Minx Jan Christoph
Published: August 2022

BackgroundWith the Paris agreement in 2015, the international community set ambitious goals for limiting climate warming and adapting to the impacts of climate change. However, despite the increasing ambition of long-term targets, and progress on adaptation planning, current policies are insufficient to limit warming to safe levels or to adapt to climate impacts on the required scale. Climate policy is multifaceted, multisectoral and will require many different types of policy instruments. The scientific literature on climate change is rapidly expanding and contains a wealth of research on climate policies. Gaining an overview of climate policy research is therefore vital, but beyond the scope of traditional, hand-coded systematic maps.MethodsThis study aims to identify the literature on climate policies from a set of hundreds of thousands of studies on climate change. The studies will be classified according to the type of policy instrument discussed. Due to the scale of literature, only a sample of studies will be screened manually. Inclusion/exclusion, as well as policy and other labels, will be estimated using machine learning for the remaining studies. The map will report the numbers of papers on each policy type from each region and each sector, as well as the extent to which machine-learning is able to classify policy instruments correctly.
Lift-off effect of Koch and circular differential pickup eddy current probes
Authors: Chen Guolong , Cao Zheng , Zhang Shuaishuai , Wei Ji , Gao Wei , Jin Wuyin
Published: August 2022

Flexible or planar eddy current probe with differential structure can suppress the lift-off noise during the inspection of defects. However, the influence extent of lift-off effect on differential probes including different coil structures is various. This work proposed a planar Koch and circular probe with the differential pickup structure and the same size. The [[EQUATION]] of the signals output from the two probes are compared under different lift-off distances via finite analysis and experimental methods. In addition, the influence of different frequencies on the lift-off effect is studied by experiment. The result shows that the signal [[EQUATION]] of the Koch probe for the inspection of the crack in 90 ° orientation is larger than that of the circular probe when the lift-off distance is comparatively small, and the influence of the lift-off distance on the signal [[EQUATION]] of the two probes become more obvious with the increase of the excitation frequency.
New methods for computing fuzzy eigenvalues and fuzzy eigenvectors of fuzzy matrices using nonlinear programming approach
Authors: khosravi Somaye , Hosseinzadeh Ali Asghar , Kanafi armin Ghane , Sheikhani amir hosein Refahi
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we propose a new method to obtain eigenvalues and fuzzy triangular eigenvectors of a fuzzy triangular matrix (Ã), which are the elements of the given fuzzy triangular matrix . To this purpose, we solve the 1 − cut of a fuzzy triangular matrix (Ã) to obtain the 1 − cut of eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Then, based on the results obtained in a 1 − cut mode, we use three new models to determine the left and right widths for those eigenvalues and eigenvectors. So, after some manipulation, in each of the models, the fully fuzzy linear systems (FFLSs) transformed to 2n crisp linear equations and some crisp linear non-equations (that, the first model includes 2(n + 1), the second model includes 2(n + 3) and the third model includes 6n + 2 crisp linear non-equation). Then, we suggest a nonlinear programming problem (NLP) to calculation simultaneous equations and non-equations. Furthermore, we define three other new eigenvalues (namely, fuzzy escribed eigenvalue, fuzzy peripheral eigenvalue, and fuzzy approximate eigenvalue) for a fuzzy triangular matrix (Ã) that does not have any suitable solution. the fuzzy escribed eigenvalue which is placed in a tolerable fuzzy triangular eigenvalue set (TTFES), the fuzzy peripheral eigenvalue placed in a controllable fuzzy triangular eigenvalue set (CTFES), and the fuzzy approximate eigenvalue placed in an approximate fuzzy triangular eigenvalue set (ATFES). Finally, numerical examples are presented to illustrate the proposed method.
OCTA detects and analyzes retinal vascular density changes from diabetes to diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Chen Kaichuan , Lv Xiao , Li Min , Han Wenting , Wang Xin , Bi Yanlong
Published: August 2022

Background To detect various indicators of retinal vascular plexus through optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in non-diabetics and diabetics at various stages, and to analyze the characteristics of retinal microcirculation during each stage of diabetes. Methods OCTA was used to detect the four groups, namely non-diabetic, non-diabetic retinopathy (NDR), non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Furthermore, it was also used to measure the retinal vascular density (VD) of the fovea, parafovea, and perifovea areas of the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP). Results The logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (LogMAR) visual acuity of the four groups of patients revealed a gradual upward trend, and a significant statistical difference (P < 0.001). The VD of Whole, Parafovea and Perifovea of SCP and DCP were compared between the control group, NDR group, NPDR group and PDR group, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in VD between the SCP and DCP of the fovea in the four groups (P > 0.001). The whole blood vessel density of the superficial retina and deep retina was significantly negatively correlated with LogMAR visual acuity (P < 0.001); There was no significant correlation observed between the superficial and deep fovea VD and LogMAR vision (P > 0.001). The superficial and deep parafovea VD exhibited a significant negative correlation with LogMAR vision (P < 0.001). The superficial and deep perifovea VD was significantly negatively correlated with LogMAR visual acuity (P < 0.001). Conclusion OCTA is a potential non-invasive imaging tool that can assist in monitoring the development of diabetic retinopathy, and the longer the disease period, the more obvious the decrease of retinal VD in patients.
Incomplete Multi-View Clustering Based on Low-rank Representation with Adaptive Graph Regularization
Authors: Zhang Kaiwu , Liu Baokai , Du Shiqiang , Yu Yao , Song Jinmei
Published: August 2022

Most of the existing traditional multi-view clustering algorithms succeed based on the assumption that the multi-view dataset is complete. However, in practical applications, complete data samples rarely exist and incomplete data are more common. To be able to deal with the incomplete information problem, this paper proposes an incomplete multi-view clustering algorithm based on graph regularized low-rank representations. Specifically, we first combine distance regularization terms and non-negative constraints based on low-rank representations to learn graphs with global and local data structures. Then, spectral clustering is used to obtain the corresponding low-dimensional representation of the graph. Finally, a new weighted fusion mechanism is introduced into the model to learn a consistent representation of all views, and the K-means algorithm is used to obtain the final clustering result. Experimental results on six incomplete multi-view datasets demonstrate that our proposed method achieves the best performance compared with the existing state-of-the-art methods.
Analytically evaluating the profile shift on the mesh stiffness and dynamic load of cracked spur gears
Authors: Wang Jinhai , Li Bolong , Lin Yunlei , Liu Changdong , Xing Lulu , Yang Jianwei
Published: August 2022

Profile shift is a powerful tool for increasing the gear tooth thickness and enhancing bending fatigue strength. However, it is one-sided to only improve the bending fatigue life of positive profile-shifted spur gear by strengthening the gear tooth body. Furthermore, the current research has not revealed the effect of profile shift on the dynamic load of the gear system with tooth root crack. Therefore, this paper establishes a novel analytical model. Based on the revised tooth shape, the model considers bending, shear, axial compressive, contact Hertzian, and fillet foundation potential energies. The results show that the negative profile shift is more sensitive to the root mean square value (RMS) of time-varying meshing stiffness (TVMS) than the positive. The negative profile-shifted gear provides high TVMS due to the high contact ratio under the health state. In comparison, it loses more TVMS with the crack propagation. Moreover, the positive profile-shifted gear has a lower effective meshing force and vibration intensity value in crack propagation than the negative. Overall, the positive profile shift can increase gear tooth life because it thickens the gear tooth and simultaneously decreases the dynamic load.
Characterization of the high temperature oxidation behaviour of Inconel 625 ® fabricated by additive manufacturing and conventional methods
Authors: Pineda-Arriaga Karen Y. , Ramírez-Ramírez Javier H. , Pérez-González Francisco A. , Alvardo-Orozco Juan M. , Colás Rafael , Garza-Montes-de-Oca Nelson F.
Published: August 2022

The differences between the oxidation behaviour of Inconel 625® superalloy fabricated by additive manufacturing and wrought conditions are presented. At 900 and 1000°C, the oxidation kinetics of the specimens exposed to synthetic dry air followed the parabolic rate law, the activation energy being 174 and 139 kJ/mol for the alloys fabricated by additive manufacturing and wrought conditions, respectively. For both alloys, chromia Cr2O3 was the primary oxide found on the surface of the alloy, together with nodules of NiCr2O4 spinel. Metallographic cross-sections of the specimens revealed the development of alumina Al2O3 and rutile TiO2 as internal oxides. The surface and subsurface oxidation of the alloys depended on their microstructures and the presence of the δ-Ni3Nb phase.
The relevance of wall roughness modeling for simulation of powder flows in laser metal deposition nozzles
Authors: Haghshenas Armin , Bohlen Annika , Tyralla Dieter , Groll Rodion
Published: August 2022

Point-particle large-eddy simulations and high-speed imaging are used to investigate effects of wall roughness and particle size on characteristics of a powder flow issuing from a vertical, round nozzle. Wall roughness effects on dynamics of particles can be characterized by the standard deviation of the roughness angle distribution $\Delta \gamma$, which is a hybrid roughness parameter that represents a combination of amplitude and spacing roughness parameters. We optically scan the inner nozzle surface to obtain the two-dimensional roughness profile, using which $\Delta \gamma$ is estimated. We adopt a stochastic approach in the numerical simulations to model the wall roughness. We find that this modeling is essential to obtain a good agreement between simulation and experimental results. The wall roughness is found to enhance the transverse dispersion of particles and to eliminate the preferential accumulation of particles in the near-wall region, giving rise to reduction of the mean particle velocity within the nozzle and to clustering of the particles in the nozzle core. Results also reveal that an increase in the particle size (characterized by Stokes number) and in the wall roughness leads to a reduction of the particle velocity and to an enhancement of the particle scattering throughout the jet region. However, a saturation behavior is observed in the particle scattering with the Stokes number. All this dependence is rationalized by the fact that the Stokes number and the wall roughness determine the correlation between two phases and the inelastic particle-wall collision frequency, respectively.
Prevalence and Factors associated with Caregivers' Hesitancy in Immunizing Dependent Older Adults with COVID-19 Vaccines: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Thanapluetiwong Saran , Chansirikarnjana Sirintorn , Charernwat Piangporn , Saranburut Krittika , Ittasakul Pichai
Published: August 2022

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccinations were proven to prevent infection, hospitalization, and mortality. However, some caregivers may be hesitant to provide COVID-19 vaccine to ones under their care. Our study aimed to evaluate factors associated with caregivers' hesitancy to immunize the dependent older adults with COVID-19 vaccines.Method: We conducted a cross-sectional telephone survey about vaccine hesitancy among caregivers of dependent older patients in a geriatric clinic, Ramathibodi hospital. Caregivers were contacted and interviewed by the trained interviewers from June 20 to July 25, 2021.Results: The study had a total of 318 participants. Mean age of participants was 55.9 year. The majority of participants were the patients' offspring (86.5%). 39.9% of participants were hesitant to provide the older adults with COVID-19 vaccines. Factors associated with caregivers' vaccine hesitation were caregivers who sometimes felt uneasy, anxious, agitated, sad, or worried when they practiced social distancing, caregivers with COVID-19 vaccine refusal, and vaccine manufacturers.Conclusion: The prevalence of the caregivers' hesitancy to allow the older adults to get the COVID-19 vaccine was relatively high. Some factors were associated with higher vaccine hesitancy among the caregivers. The findings may aid in endorsing COVID-19 immunization in dependent older adults.
Design of Model-Free Adaptive Predictive Controllers with Low Online Computational Load for a Class of Discrete-Time Nonlinear Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Systems
Authors: Wang Yuan , Ma Yun , Li Meng , Li Qingxi
Published: August 2022

This paper proposes a novel model-free adaptive predictive control approach with low online computational load for of a class of unknown discretetime nonlinear multiple-input multiple-output systems. First, historical measurable input/output data is utilized to online construct equivalent explicit data models for control design, making the controllers model-free. Second, input structuralization where system inputs are expressed by linear combination of a few basis functions is integrated into predictive controller design for reducing online computational load. Third, a novel Kalman Filter-based regression factor computation approach is developed to predict data model parameters for realizing predictive function of controllers such that closed-loop system robustness can be enhanced when sudden changes from prescribed references are encountered. Last, numerical simulations validate that, by using much less online computational load, the proposed approach can achieve equivalent control performance compared with the existing approaches.
Agro-climatic characterization of potato production areas in Rwanda: meteorological data analysis and farmer perceptions
Authors: Nduwayezu Anastase , Didier Kouamé K. , Mamadou Chérif , Daouda Koné
Published: August 2022

From years ago, many climate change effects are happening in world different areas, including in Rwanda. The purpose of this study is to determine rainfall and temperature evolution trend for thirty years, in Rwandan zones growing potato. Temperature and rainfall daily data were collected from three weather stations which are Kawangire, Gikongoro and Kora recognized as respectively low, medium and high elevations. Farmers were interviewed to know their perceptions on weather conditions during past thirty years. Temperature and rainfall data were analyzed by ombrothermic diagram, Nickolson Index and graphing with generated trend equation methods. Interview data were analyzed with Chi-square test at P-Value significance < 5%. Results have shown as dry June, July and August months in low elevation; June, July and August in medium elevation and June and July in high elevation depending on decade. Rainfall was increasing (evolution trend was positive) in low and medium elevations, while it was decreasing (evolution trend was negative) in high elevation. Temperature was decreasing in low elevation area and it was positive in medium and high elevation areas. All interviewed farmers confirmed long term-shift in temperature and precipitations. 95%, 45% and 43% of farmers reported that weather was becoming wetter during last years. As conclusion, potato growing cooler and wetter conditions of high elevation are shifting to low elevation in Rwanda. For climate change mitigation, Rwanda needs to promote potato in its Eastern part, the low elevation region, in order to increase the crop production in the future.
Fault-tolerant fixed/preassigned-time synchronization control of uncertain singularly perturbed complex networks with time-varying delay and stochastic disturbances
Authors: Fan Gaofeng , Ma Yuechao
Published: August 2022

This paper focuses on the fixed-time (FXT) and preassigned-time (PAT) synchronization of uncertain singularly perturbed complex networks (SPCNs) with time-varying delay and stochastic disturbances. Firstly, the fault-tolerant quantized state feedback control strategy for the SPCNs systems to reach PAT and FXT synchronization is considered for the first time. Besides, by adopting suitable Lyapunov functional with parameter ε, with an approach of comparison system and mathematical techniques, the FXT synchronization criteria can be obtained. Next, the PAT synchronization can also be derived, which the synchronization time will be pre-designed based on the actual case. Finally, two simulation examples are presented to verify the effectiveness of the obtained results.
Whole Exome Analysis to Select Targeted Therapies for Patients with Metastatic Breast or Advanced Gynecological Cancer -A Feasibility Study-
Authors: Jaeger Bernadette Anna Sophia , Krawczyk Natalia , Japp Anna Sophia , Honisch Ellen , Köhrer Karl , Scheuring Sibylle , Petzsch Patrick , Neubauer Hans , Volkmer Anne Kathrin , Vesper Anne-Sophie , Esposito Irene , Ruckhäberle Eugen , Niederacher Dieter , Fehm Tanja
Published: August 2022

In this feasibility study we applied next generation sequencing (NGS) based whole exome sequencing (WES) of tumor tissue and peripheral blood of patients with metastatic breast (MBC, n = 44) or advanced gynecological cancer (AGC, n = 8). The purpose was to select targeted therapies according to “ESMO Scale for Clinical Actionability of molecular Targets (ESCAT)”. Data interpretation was further supported by a browser-based Treatment Decision Support platform (MH Guide→, Molecular Health, Heidelberg, Germany). We identified 25 genomic alterations (GAs) with ESCAT LoE I or II in 18/32 MBC patients, which were available for evaluation: three copy number gains in ERBB2, two gBRCA1, two gBRCA2, six PIK3CA, one ESR1, three PTEN, one AKT1 and two ERBB2 mutations. In addition, five samples displayed MSI-H. In AGC we found one somatic BRCA1 mutation and one patient with a MSI-H endometrial cancer out of seven evaluable patients. Resulting treatment options were discussed in the molecular tumor board and could be recommended in a small but relevant proportion of patients with MBC (7/18). However, WES still is a technical challenge with sometimes long processing times and high costs. With a customized panel (38 genes), we want to shorten time for analyses and optimize selection of targeted therapies.
Revisiting The Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis with Globalization for OECD Countries: The Role of Convergence Clubs
Authors: Bektaş Volkan , Ursavaş Neslihan
Published: August 2022

This paper aims to investigate the role of globalization in ecological footprint for OECD countries during the 1981–2015 period with the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) framework. To do so, unlike the existing literature, we follow a different path. Firstly, we test the environmental convergence (EC) hypothesis using the Phillips and Sul (2007) methodology. Then, we examine the impact of globalization and energy consumption on ecological footprint (EF), and test the existence of EKC hypothesis using the dynamic ordinary least squares mean group (DOLSMG) estimator. The convergence test results indicate that OECD countries do not converge to same steady-state levels with regard to EF levels. However, we identify two convergence clubs that converging to a different steady-state equilibrium. The results of DOLSMG reveal that the EKC hypothesis is valid for both convergence groups. Furthermore, the impact of energy consumption and globalization on EF is higher for Club 2 which mostly includes developing countries.
Towards a pedagogy of social-ecological collaborations: engaging students and urban nonprofits for an ecology with cities
Authors: Toomey Anne , Smith Jason , Becker Cam , Palta Monica
Published: August 2022

The concept of ecology with cities calls for a broader scope of pedagogical and participatory research tools for engagement with and action on urban environmental issues. Projects that take an ecology with cities approach can provide gateways for diverse audiences, including students, teachers, community members, and scientists, to participate in urban ecology, thus serving as a potential steppingstone for further engagement. While there is increasing research on the value of participatory approaches for increasing ecological literacy (e.g. citizen science), less has been written on the collaborative process of such experiences, in particular the social aspects of projects that can enable the most successful outcomes and/or lessons learned. This paper describes a collaborative research project that engaged undergraduate students and community outreach staff of an urban nonprofit organization to better understand social uses and values associated with a small public park located on the Harlem River in New York City. We explore the outcomes of the project both for students and nonprofit staff and provide recommendations for educators interested in using a pedagogy of social-ecological collaborations in urban contexts. We believe that such an approach can help to prepare future generations of environmental researchers and practitioners to engage with others for an ecology with cities.
Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia induced by sodium valproate due to TECRL mutation
Authors: Özçora Gül Demet Kaya , Köse Ahmet , Gürler Abdullah İhsan , Elkıran Özlem , Söbü Elif
Published: August 2022

Antiepileptic agents especially sodium channel blockers can trigger cardiac arrhythmias or conduction disorders. Herein, we present sodium valproate induced CVPT case due to TECRL gene mutation concordance with absence epilepsy. At the second month of the Sodium valproate treatment was started, she admitted with complaints of syncope and contraction while running. Routine laboratory tests, cardiac enzymes, electrocardiogram (ECG) and echocardiography (ECHO) findings were normal. EEG was normal, epileptic activity was resolved. Exercise ECG was performed, and it was normal. While the 12-channel ECG was normal at the beginning of the exercise test , bidirectional polymorphic ventricular extrasystoles (VES) and polymorphic ventricular tachcardia (PVT) were seen by increasing the effort. Genetic analysis revealed homozygous mutation in TECRL gene (c730+ 1G>C ). Parents genetic analysis revealed heterozygous for same mutation. Therapeutic dose of sodium valproate treatment may trigger arrhythmias in cases with genetic abnormalities, and in the presence of a normal ECG or even an exercise ECG, even if there is an EEG abnormality, if the semiology does not match, we believe that CVPT should be kept in mind and genetic studies should be performed.
“New is always better”: single-center experience of over 300 cases of single-incision robotic cholecystectomy comparing the new da Vinci SP with the previous Si/Xi systems
Authors: Choi Yoo Jin , Sang Nguyen Thanh , Jo Hye-Sung , Kim Dong-Sik , Yu Young-Dong
Published: August 2022

Minimally invasive surgery is usually more beneficial than open surgeries in various fields of surgery. With the newly developed Single-Port (SP) robotic surgical system, even single-site surgery has become easier to access. We compared single-incision robotic cholecystectomy between the Si/Xi and SP systems. This retrospective single-center study enrolled patients who underwent single-incision robotic cholecystectomy between July 2014 and July 2021. The clinical outcomes of the da Vinci Si/Xi and SP systems were compared. In total, 334 patients underwent single-incision robotic cholecystectomy (118 Si/Xi vs. 216 SP). The SP group had more chronic or acute cholecystitis than the Si/Xi group did. There was more bile spillage in the Si/Xi group during the surgery. The total operative and docking times were significantly shorter in the SP group. There was no difference in the postoperative outcomes. The SP system is safe and feasible in terms of comparable postoperative complication rates, and is more convenient in terms of docking and techniques.
Parkinsonism originates in a discrete secondary and
dystonia in a primary motor cortical-basal ganglia subcircuit
Authors: Baron Mark , Kumbhare Deepak , Weistroffer George , Goyanaga Sofia , Huang Zi
Published: August 2022

Although manifesting contrasting phenotypes, Parkinson’s disease and dystonia originate from similar pathophysiology. Previously, we lesioned a discrete dorsal region in the globus pallidus (rodent equivalent to globus pallidus externa) in rats and produced parkinsonism, while lesioning a nearby ventral hotspot induced dystonia. Presently, we injected anterograde fluorescent-tagged anterograde multi-synaptic tracers into these pallidal hotspots. Viral injections in the Parkinson’s hotspot fluorescent labeled a circumscribed region in the secondary motor cortex, while injections in the dystonia hotspot labeled within the primary motor cortex. Custom probability mapping and N200 staining affirmed the segregation of the cortical territories for Parkinsonism and dystonia to the secondary and primary motor cortices. Intracortical microstimulation localized territories specifically to their respective rostral and caudal microexcitable zones. Parkinsonian features are thus explained by pathological signaling within a secondary motor subcircuit normally responsible for initiation and scaling of movement, while dystonia is explained by abnormal (and excessive) basal ganglia signaling directed at primary motor corticospinal transmission.
Increasing Tropical Cyclone Precipitation Exposures over the Continental U.S.
Authors: Zhu Laiyin , Quiring Steven
Published: August 2022

Extreme tropical cyclone precipitation (TCP) can cause massive stress to society by generating inland flooding events. Historical observations have shown global and regional trends in TCP and climate models predict there will be substantial increases in TCP under anthropogenic global warming. Changes in both physical risk and in human society together determine the exposure to extreme weather events. However, they are rarely studied together and more knowledge is needed to be understood how they interact and to determine exposure at the local level. Here high-quality in-situ precipitation observations and gridded population and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) data were used to develop a social exposure index to quantify how TCP risk changes as a function of both physical risk and socioeconomic exposure. We demonstrate that while physical TCP risk is increasing in the United States, there are regional differences in exposure due to the heterogeneity of the population and economic development. Exposure hot spots are mostly concentrated in southern states with high population density. Rapid population growth and economic development have magnified societal exposure to those extreme TCP events. This multi-scale evaluation framework identifies locations where mitigation and adaptation to climate change are important.
Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses of regulatory mechanisms associated with uniconazole-induced dwarfism in banana
Authors: Qin Liuyan , Li Chaosheng , Guo Chenglin , Wei Liping , Tian Dandan , Li Baoshen , Wei Di , Zhou Wei , Long Shengfeng , He Zhangfei , Huang Sumei , Wei Shaolong
Published: August 2022

BackgroundUniconazole is an effective plant growth regulator that can be used in banana cultivation to promote dwarfing and enhance lodging resistance. However, the mechanisms underlying banana dwarfing induced by uniconazole are unknown. In uniconazole-treated bananas, gibberellin (GA) was downregulated compared to the control groups. An integrative analysis of transcriptomes and metabolomes was performed on dwarf bananas induced by uniconazole and control groups. ResultsCompared with the control groups, the levels of some flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids increased, and those of most lipids, amino acids and derivatives, organic acids, nucleotides and derivatives, and terpenoids decreased in uniconazole-treated bananas. Transcriptome analysis shows that the differentially expressed genes (DEG) between the treatment and control groups were related to a series of metabolic pathways, including lignin biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid metabolism, and peroxidase activity. Comprehensive analysis of the key pathways of co-enrichment of DEG and differential metabolites from 15 d to 25 d after uniconazole treatment shows that flavonoid biosynthesis was upregulated. ConclusionsIn addition to the decrease in GA, the increase in tannin procyanidin B1 may contribute to banana dwarfing by inhibiting the activity of GA, and the increased flow of metabolites towards flavonoid synthesis may lead to the downregulation of lignin biosynthesis, which contributes to the dwarf phenotype of bananas. This study expands our understanding of the mechanisms underlying uniconazole-induced banana dwarfing.
Efforts and Expectations of Pregnant Women Against the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Dewi Arlina , Safaria Triantoro , Supriyatiningsih Supriyatiningsih , Dewi Dyah Tri Kusuma
Published: August 2022

Background: COVID-19 is a global threat that directly impacts people's mental health and physical well-being. This study explores the efforts and expectations of pregnant women against the impact of the COVID-19 pandemicMethods: This study was a qualitative study that used phenomenological methods and used a naturalistic approach. The informants of this study were pregnant women (n=20). Data analysis used content analysis with software (Nvivo Release 1.5). Results: The results of the study are four themes namely increasing worries for pregnant women due to lack of knowledge about the impact of COVID-19; the efforts to reduce anxiety through spiritual, positive thoughts, and the role of the family; the efforts to prevent the pandemic exposure through reducing direct social relations, changing social life online, meeting nutritional, and strict health protocols; and the expectancy of pregnant women to the impact of the pandemic is the change in the health care system in health facilities. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic impacts the lives of pregnant women in a complex manner, mainly on anxiety. The efforts and expectations of pregnant women can be a reference in developing health service innovations in health facilities, especially pregnant women, to create a sense of physical and psychological security and comfort for pregnant women from the threat of COVID-19.
A multiyear follow-on study examining safety, immunity, and clinical outcomes
for sargramostim therapy in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Gendelman Howard , Olson Katherine , Namminga Krista , Lu Yaman , Mostafa Mai , Obaro Helen , Santamaria Pamela , Mosley R. Lee
Published: August 2022

Safety, biomarker, and motor outcomes in Parkinson’s disease (PD) were evaluated during extended sargramostim (Leukine®, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) therapy. Hematologic, metabolic, regulatory T cell (Treg) numbers and function, motor, and behavioral functions were scored in five PD patients during a 5-day on, 2-day off sargramostim regimen administered at 3 µg/kg/dose over the 33-month study. Adverse events for sargramostim included injection site reactions, increased total white cell counts, and bone pain. Treg numbers and functional improvements were sustained throughout the study. After 24 months on treatment regimen, drug use was discontinued for three months, and followed by an additional six months of treatment. No significant changes in adverse events were discernible after treatment pause or re-initiation; however, UPDRS scores increased during the pause and decreased after initiation of treatment. Taken together, the data affirmed long-term safety, Treg functional stability, and clinical stability of sargramostim in the PD population. Confirmation requiring larger numbers of enrolled patients is planned in a phase II evaluation.
Weaving rapport: doctors’ strategies towards patients’ noncompliance
Authors: Yinong TIAN , ZHANG Jing , Haiyang Che , Yonggang SU
Published: August 2022

Background: A successful therapeutic rapport between doctors and patients is built on effective doctor-patient communication. Noncompliance of patients which challenges their communication has been described in the research, yet the rapport strategies are not well discussed.Methods: This qualitative study investigates the rapport strategies when doctors face noncompliance in consultations and its pragmatic effects achieved through the doctors’ speeches. The 10-hour recordings come from the doctor-patient communication in the hospital setting. Thereafter, we analyze their conversation following the Spencer Oatey’s rapport management model.Results: Compliments and joking in the illocutionary domain, storytelling in the discourse domain, the doctors’ participation in the participation domain and the choice of appropriate titles in the stylistic domain are identified and analyzed as the rapport-building strategies.Conclusion: The present study has offered insights into physicians’ rapport-building strategies in the face of rapport-threatening behavior from patients. These strategies will help the doctors to deal with rapport-challenging behavior and boost overall patient wellness.
Umbilical Artery Cord Blood Glucose Predicted neonatal hypoglycemia in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Other at-risk Newborns after Vaginal Delivery
Authors: Wang Yuan , Liu Huahua , Zhang Leilei , Wang Xin , Wang Mingbo , Chen Zhifang , Zhang Feng
Published: August 2022

Purpose
To explore the value of umbilical artery cord blood glucose (UACBG) in predicting hypoglycemia in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and other at-risk newborns, and to provide a cut-off UACBG value for predicting hypoglycemia occurrence.
Methods
In this prospective study, we enrolled at-risk infants delivered vaginally, including neonates born to mothers with GDM, premature, macrosomia, and low birth weight. We separated the infants into GDM group and other at-risk group. All subjects underwent UACBG measurement during delivery. Neonatal peripheral blood glucose measurement was performed at 0.5 h and 2 h after birth. The predictive performance of UACBG for neonatal hypoglycemia was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), area under curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity.
Results
916 newborns were included, 538 in GDM group and 378 in other at-risk group. For hypoglycemia prediction within 2 h, the best cut-off of UACBG was 4.150 mmol/L, yielding an AUC of 0.688 (95% CI 0.625–0.751). UACBG had a better performance at 0.5 h (AUC 0.757; 95% CI 0.690–0.824). In detail, the AUC was 0.703 in GDM group (95% CI 0.594–0.811), with the optimal cut-off of 4.550 mmol/L. In other at-risk group, the AUC was 0.797(95% CI 0.716–0.877), and the best threshold was 4.350 mmol/L. No significant differences were observed between GDM group and other at-risk group in AUC at 0.5 h, 2 h and within 2 h.
Conclusions
UACBG may be an efficient, non-invasive approach to predicting neonatal hypoglycemia within 2 h after birth.
CD8+ T-cells control infection by exerting both cytolytic and non-cytolytic effects in different phases of the SIV lifecycle
Authors: Policicchio Benjamin , Cardozo-Ojeda Erwing , Xu Cuiling , Ma DongZhu , He Tianyu , Raehtz Kevin , Sivanandham Ranjit , Kleinman Adam , Perelson Alan , Apetrei Cristian , Pandrea Ivona , Ribeiro Ruy
Published: August 2022

The mechanisms of CD8+ T lymphocyte control of HIV infection are not fully understood. One hypothesis is that the main effect of CD8+ T-cells occurs before viral production. To settle this issue, we conducted an experiment where twenty SIVmac251-infected macaques received either CD8-depleting antibody (n=4); integrase inhibitor and CD8-depleting antibody (n=8); or only the inhibitor (n=8). We analyzed the ensuing viral dynamics with a mathematical model that included infected cells pre- and post- viral DNA integration to compare different possible immune effector mechanisms. Macaques receiving just integrase inhibitor experienced greater viral load decays than those treated also with CD8+ cell depleting antibody. A model including CD8+ cell effects in killing infected cells pre-integration (cytolytic) and reducing viral production (non-cytolytic) was found to best explain the viral profiles across all macaques. Our results suggest that CD8+ T-cells have both a cytolytic effect on infected cells before viral integration, which has not been seen before, and a non-cytolytic effect reducing viral production.
Changes in basal insulin secretion capacity after pancreatectomy: a single-center retrospective study
Authors: Kihara Yasuhiro , Murotani Kenta , Yokomizo Hiroshi
Published: August 2022

Background
This study evaluated the changes in basal insulin secretion capacity (BISC) after pancreatectomy across two surgical procedures. We also investigated the association between decreased BISC and the introduction of postoperative insulin therapy.
Methods
The data on 110 patients who underwent pancreatectomy during October 2018–February 2022 at our hospital were retrospectively registered and analyzed. We focused on the C-peptide index (CPI) as an index for BISC. A decreased postoperative BISC was defined as a postoperative CPI (post-CPI) < 1.0, which was in turn defined as the event occurrence in our study. The receiver operating characteristic curve for the event occurrence was plotted for factors related to preoperative glucose tolerance. Of the 73 preoperative non-diabetic patients, 44 and 29 who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) and distal pancreatectomy (DP), respectively, were examined.
Results
A post-CPI of < 1.0 was observed in 29 (39%) patients. Although the proportion of remnant pancreatic volume was significantly smaller in patients with PD than in patients with DP (38% vs. 68%, p < 0.0001), no significant difference was observed in the event rates (39% vs. 41%). In patients with PD, preoperative CPI (area under the curve: 0.75) was used for predicting post-CPI < 1.0. Multivariate analysis revealed that preoperative CPI < 1.65 (odds ratio: 7.69, 95% confidence interval: 1.87‒31.5) was an independent predictor of decreased postoperative BISC. However, in patients with DP, no significant predictors were identified. Induction of insulin therapy was significantly lower in preoperative non-diabetic patients (n = 73) after undergoing a pancreatectomy (1.4% vs. 37.5%, p < 0.0001) than in preoperative medically treated patients (n = 16). There was no significant difference in event (post-CPI < 1.0) rates (39.7% vs. 56.2%, p = 0.23).
Conclusions
Although pancreatectomy reduces BISC after surgery, the coexistence of insulin resistance, which is a pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus, may play a role in whether postoperative glucose tolerance is reduced to the point where insulin therapy is necessary.