bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inpatient Care Team Views on Child Life Services: A Scoping Review
Authors: Wong Brandon J. , Lee Rebekah Jihae , Saragossi Jamie , Post Stephen G. , Glaubach Taly
Published: November 2022

CONTEXT

The utilization of Child Life Services is influenced by interprofessional collaboration and perceptions of other members of the medical team.

OBJECTIVES

To summarize studies which address pediatric health care team perspectives on Child Life Services and their utilization in the hospital setting.

DATA SOURCES

A comprehensive literature search was conducted with controlled vocabularies and key terms in MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycInfo, and Web of Science.

STUDY SELECTION

Primary studies published before November 2021 were screened using a predetermined set of inclusion and exclusion criteria.

DATA CHARTING

Data charting was performed by 2 independent reviewers. Data extracted include baseline study characteristics, common themes, main outcomes, strengths, and limitations. Because this is not a systematic review, data from included studies was not quantitatively analyzed, but carefully summarized in the manner of a standard scoping review.

RESULTS

Nine studies met criteria for inclusion. Common qualitative themes on certified child life specialists include: (1) their broad responsibilities, (2) their positive impact on patients and families, (3) challenges with interprofessional collaboration and integration, and (4) the value of educating others on their roles and responsibilities.

CONCLUSIONS

Medical subject headings, controlled vocabulary, or other standardized subject headings that index literature on Child Life Services is limited. However, the existing body of literature supports the positive impact certified child life specialists have on patients and families, despite challenges with complete integration into the interdisciplinary care team. Additional research is required to fully understand and overcome these challenges in continued efforts to further drive patient and family-centered care.
Nutritional Considerations for the Neonate With Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Mills Kimberly I. , Kim Jae H. , Fogg Kristi , Goldshtrom Nimrod , Graham Eric M. , Kataria-Hale Jasmeet , Osborne Scott W. , Figueroa Mayte
Published: November 2022

The importance of nutrition in managing critically ill infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) is foundational to optimizing short- and long-term health outcomes. Growth failure and malnutrition are common in infants with CHD. The etiology of growth failure in this population is often multifactorial and may be related to altered metabolic demands, compromised blood flow to the intestine leading to nutrient malabsorption, cellular hypoxia, inadequate energy intake, and poor oral-motor skills. A dearth of high-quality studies and gaps in previously published guidelines have led to wide variability in nutrition practices that are locally driven. This review provides recommendations from the nutrition subgroup of the Neonatal Cardiac Care Collaborative for best evidence-based practices in the provision of nutritional support in infants with CHD. The review of evidence and recommendations focused on 6 predefined areas of clinical care for a target population of infants <6 months with CHD admitted to the ICU or inpatient ward. These areas include energy needs, nutrient requirements, enteral nutrition, feeding practice, parenteral nutrition, and outcomes. Future progress will be directed at quality improvement efforts to optimize perioperative nutrition management with an increasing emphasis on individualized care based on nutritional status, cardiorespiratory physiology, state of illness, and other vulnerabilities.
Anti-inflammatory effect of N-(trifluoromethylphenyl)- 2-cyano-3-hydroxy-crotonic acid amide and gluconic acid on allergic rhinitis and asthma controlling
Authors: Liu Xing , Mehrabi Nasab Entezar , Athari Seyyed Shamsadin
Published: November 2022

Allergic rhinitis and asthma are the main airway diseases with a higher prevalence. Eosinophilic inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, mucus hypersecretion, and reversible airflow obstruction are immunopathogenesis symptoms of rhinitis and asthma. Crotonic acid has bioactivity on the inflammation, and gluconic acid as chelator may protect crotonic acid activity in airway and together may control allergic rhinitis and asthma.Allergic rhinitis and asthma mice models were treated with crotonic and gluconic acids. The total IgE, histamine, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 levels were measured. In lung tissues, goblet cell hyperplasia, mucus hypersecretion, and inflammation were evaluated.The level of IL-5, goblet cell hyperplasia, and perivascular and peribronchial inflammation were controlled by crotonic acid in asthma and allergic rhinitis groups. But, total IgE, hista-mine, IL-4, and IL-13 levels, and mucus hypersecretion had no significant changes between treated and nontreated asthma and rhinitis groups.Crotonic acid can control eosinophilic inflammation via harnessing IL-5 and preventing goblet cell hyperplasia. When used with gluconic acid, it had a strong effect on the control of allergic rhinitis and asthma immunopathologies.
CTRP6 suppresses neutrophil extracellular traps formation to ameliorate sepsis-induced lung injury through inactivation of ERK pathway
Authors: Li Jing , Ruijing Xuan  , Wu Weidong , Yang Han  , Jiani Guo  , Meixia Yang
Published: November 2022

Background: Septic lung injury is associated with excessive neutrophil activation, while neu-trophil extracellular traps formation contributes to inflammatory lung injury in sepsis. C1q/ tumor necrosis factor–related protein-6 (CTRP6) is a paralog of adiponectin and exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The role of CTRP6 in sepsis-associated inflammatory lung injury was investigated in this study.
Methods: Mice were injected with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) intraperitoneally to establish the mouse sepsis model. They were first tail-vein injected with adenovirus-mediated overexpression CTRP6 (Ad-CTRP6) and then subjected to the LPS injection. Pathological changes in lungs were detected by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Inflammation cytokine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were assessed by qRT-PCR and ELISA. Flow cytometry was used to detect the number of neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and immunofluorescence was performed to assess neutrophil extracellular traps.
Results: Lipopolysaccharides induced pulmonary congestion, interstitial edema, and alveolar wall thickening in the lungs, as well as upregulated lung histology score and wet/dry weight ratio. CTRP6 was reduced in lung tissues of septic mice. Injection with Ad-CTRP6 ameliorated extensive histopathological changes in LPS-induced mice and decreased lung histology score and wet/dry weight ratio. Overexpression of CTRP6 reduced the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in septic mice. Injection with Ad-CTRP6 also decreased the number of neutrophils and down-regulated Cit-H3 and myeloperoxidase polymers in septic mice. Protein expression of p-ERK in septic mice was reduced by overexpression of CTRP6.
Conclusion: CTRP6 attenuated septic lung injury, exerted anti-inflammatory effect, and sup-pressed neutrophil extracellular traps formation against sepsis through inactivation of extra-cellular signal-regulated kinase signaling.
Does the asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap syndrome (ACOS) exist? A narrative review from epidemiology and practice
Authors: Hahn David L.
Published: November 2022

Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have traditionally been approached as separate entities that must be researched and treated separately. There is growing recognition, however, that a substantial proportion of patients with obstructive lung disease have characteristics of both asthma and COPD (termed the asthma–COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS)). Lung disease experts have difficulty defining ACOS, and many still resist accepting the possibility that asthma and COPD may be linked. It is likely that practicing clinicians may be equally confused about how to identify and treat ACOS. This narrative review aims to clarify concepts of ACOS definition, argues that the best way to understand ACOS is to view the chronic lung disease process longitudinally rather than cross-sectionally, and presents evidence that ACOS can be the end result of the natural history of severe asthma. The review also points out the serious gaps in knowledge regarding therapy for ACOS and presents emerging data supporting the intracellular respiratory pathogen Chlamydia pneumoniae as a possible common etiologic agent in severe asthma and ACOS.
Conceptualizing Integration of Islamic Education and Education in General at UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
Authors: Sururin Sururin , Suparta Mundzir , Hidayat Didin Nuruddin , Alim Syahirul , Hadiyansyah Dhuha , Zamhari Arif
Published: November 2022

UIN Jakarta, with its distinct characteristics, focuses on integrating Islamic and general education as a unity. This research focuses on the oldest faculty: The Faculty of Educational Sciences (FITK, hereafter). This study aims to a) explore the concept of integration of Islamic and general education at FITK, and b) find out the extent to which lecturers at FITK understand the concept of integration. The approach used in this research was phenomenology. It employed the qualitative method to describe the concept of integration of Islamic and general education and reveal the extent of lecturers' understanding of scientific integration. The results showed that at the conceptual level, the paradigm of reintegration of Islamic and general education is an integration of Islamic knowledge and values, which is two-way: from secular sciences to Islamic values and from conventional Islamic religious materials to secular sciences. The study also found that scientific integration has long been present in the FITK academic environment. However, the concept of scientific integration itself does not appear to be a uniformity which causes many different interpretations from each study program, even from lecturers in the FITK environment. In addition, the concept of scientific integration has not been fully understood by each leader in the academic community of UIN Jakarta, mainly due to the lack of socialization and no appointment for specific institutions responsible for managing this integration process.
DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW KIND OF BREAD PRODUCED BY THE TECHNOLOGY OF"DEFERRED BAKING" ON THE BASIS OF MODERN QUALITY MANAGEMENT METHODS
Authors: Mardar M. , Solonytska I. , Pambuk S.
Published: November 2022

The article considers the use of Quality Function Deployment methodology in the development of a new type of bread based on the technology of "deferred baking" of high nutritional value. The research identified the main consumer requirements for a new product that directly affect its technical characteristics. By using quality management tools (affinity diagram, tree diagram, benchmarking) the transformation of consumer desires into quantitative technical (design) characteristics of the product. The ranking of consumer requirements for a new type of bread is carried out, weighting factors are determined. A tree of product quality indicators characterizing the level of consumer satisfaction has been formed, and their compliance with regulatory requirements has been established. To transform the requirements of consumers into the parameters of the quality of expected products, a "Quality House" was built for the production of a new type of bread using the technology of "deferred baking". It is established that when developing a new product with high consumer properties, it is necessary to ensure the naturalness of the product through the use of natural additives and high-quality raw materials, which will lead to a product with high biological active substances content and extended shelf life. It will also solve a number of problems inherent in the technology of "delayed baking", and most importantly it will lead to the creation of a product with good organoleptic characteristics.
FATTY ACIDS OF MILK AND THE INTENSITY OF S. AUREUS SECRETION IN COWS WITH SUBCLINICAL MASTITIS IN THE STEPPE OF UKRAINE
Authors: Danchuk V. , Midyk S. , Danchuk O. , Levchenko А. , Korniyenko V. , Ushkalov V. , Bogach M.
Published: November 2022

The consumption of raw drinking milk and pasteurised drinking milk is a topic still widely debated around the world. Raw drinking milk, as for its biological safety, can pose a number of hazards to human health. However, pasteurised milk, too, can vary in its biological value. The composition of milk directly depends on the physiological state of the mammary gland. So, taking into account the intensity of fatty acid exchange in this organ, it can be assumed that the physiological state of dairy cows’ mammary gland can affect the biological value of the secretion, in particular, its fatty acid composition. The paper shows the changes in the fatty acid composition of milk, depending on how intensely the mastitic lesion of the mammary gland has developed, ranging from the subclinical form of the disease (the signs of the disease are unmanifest) to the clinical form (the signs of the disease are clearly manifest). Cows with the subclinical form of mastitis pose the greatest biohazard: they show no clinical signs of the disease, so raw milk from these cows more easily finds its way onto numerous markets.
The research was conducted in 974 dairy cows of various breeds in 6 farms of the steppe zone of Ukraine (Odesa, Mykolaiv, and Poltava regions). Each of the forms of mastitis (subclinical and clinical) has been found in about 20% of the dairy livestock. The main pathogen causing mammary gland infection is Staphylococcus aureus bacteria (36.6-47.4%). Changes in the fatty acid composition of milk of cows with subclinical mastitis have been shown. It has been established that the proportion of long-chain fatty acids decreases and the percentage of short-chain fatty acids increases, along with a decrease in mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids. It has been proved that that the subclinical form of mastitis affects the content of C4:0, C10:0 (ղ²ᵪ = 0.90–0.94 arb. units; р<0.001), and C18:1n9c (ղ²ᵪ = 0.36–0.84 arb. units; р<0.001) in cow’s milk. With the cows’ clinical recovery, the content of all fatty acids in milk does not immediately return to the indicators observed before the disease.
КОМБІНОВАНИЙ МЕТОД ДЕЗІНТЕГРАЦІЇ МІКРОБІАЛЬНОЇ БІОМАСИ
Authors: Капустян А.І. , Черно Н.К.
Published: November 2022

Розглянуто можливість отримання біологічно активних складових пептидогліканів клітинних стінок Lactobacillus acidophilus K 3111шляхом послідовної обробки біомаси ультразвуком та папаїном. Біомасу піддавали обробці ультразвуком з робочою частотою 25, 35 та 40 кГц протягом 60…900 с. Зазначено, що раціональною є обробка суспензії Lactobacillus acidophilus K 3111 ультразвуком за частоти 35 кГц протягом 600 с. Дезінтеграцію клітин молочнокислих бактерій підтверджено результатами світлової мікроскопії. Дезінтеграт, отриманий в результаті ультразвукової обробки, піддавали ферментолізу папаїном із активністю 10 Од/мг при варіюванні співвідношення фермент : субстрат у діапазоні від 1:50 до 1:300 та тривалості інкубації реакційної суміші — 10…300 хв. Результати ферментолізу показали, що обробка папаїном забезпечує більш ефективне накопичення цільових низькомолекулярних продуктів деструкції у ферментолізаті, порівняно з дезінтегратами, які не піддавали ферментативній обробці. Так, у дезінтеграті, отриманому лише обробкою ультразвуком, кількість низькомолекулярних пептидів у реакційному середовищі сягає 0,03 мг/см3, а у дезінтеграті, отриманому із застосуванням комбінації ультразвуку та ферментолізу — 7,54 мг/см3. У той же час, ферментоліз біомаси, без попередньої ультразвукової обробки приводить до накопичення низькомолекулярних пептидів у реакційному середовищі у кількості 3,23 мг/см3. Таким чином, комбінування ультразвукової та ферментативної обробки забезпечує найбільш ефективну деструкцію біомаси Lactobacillus acidophilus K 3111, у результаті якої в реакційному середовищі накопичуються цільові низькомолекулярні продукти.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ВПЛИВУ УЛЬТРАЗВУКОВОГО ПОЛЯ НА ЕНЕРГОЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ ПРОЦЕСУ ВИМОРОЖУВАННЯ БЛОКУ ЛЬОДУ
Authors: Трішин Ф. А. , Трач О. Р. , Орловська Ю. В.
Published: November 2022

Чотири мільярди людей мінімум один місяць в році зустрічаються з дефіцитом прісної води. В 2030 р до 47 % населення світу буде жити під загрозою водного дефіциту. Такі перспективи значно підвищують важливість отримання очищеної води. Існує зростаючий інтерес до технології блочного виморожування для очищення води. Системи цього типу характеризуються простотою дизайну, компактністю та енергоефективністю, завдяки тому, що блочне виморожування усуває системні втрати холоду. Оскільки ефективність процесу безпосередньо залежить від якості управління ним, виникає проблема контролю процесів теплопередачі при направленій кристалізації. Дослідження процесу теплопередачі в реальних умовах пов'язане з великими труднощами, внаслідок складності і нестаціонарності процесів, тому важливість набуває теоретичний аналіз і побудова моделей. В ідеальному теплофізичному представленні, процес направленої кристалізації повинен проходити при вирощуванні двохфазної зони з нульовою пористістю. Такий консервативний спосіб управління процесом повинен протікати при мінімальній різниці температур, практично при кріоскопічній температурі. Теоретично забезпечується нульова пористість, проте швидкість формування блоку льоду буде нескінченно низькою. Будь—які методи інтенсифікації можуть призвести до збільшення швидкості замерзання, однак воно супроводжуватиметься утворенням пористої структури. Під час процесу кристалізації змінюється температура, концентрація та пористість кожного шару субстрату, тому проблематично знайти аналітичне рішення задачі. В даному досліджені було отримано числову модель процесу теплопередачі. Встановлено, що пористість льодової структури має значний вплив на процеси тепло— та масопереносу. Шляхом вирішення рівнянь матеріального балансу була отримана формула для знаходження концентрації солі в блоці льоду. Проведено дослідження процесу виморожування в ультразвуковому полі. Отримані результати свідчать, що застосування ультразвуку знижує концентрацію солей в блоці льоду, а, отже, і його пористість. Виходячи з результатів дослідів, можна зробити висновок, що застосування ультразвукових інтенсифікаторів в установках блочного виморожування дозволяє поліпшити параметри блоку льоду і збільшити енергетичну ефективність процесу
Clinical Features and Outcomes of Patients with Tetanus at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung 2015–2019
Authors: Gunawan Ananda Pratama Kesumaningtyas , Ganiem Ahmad Rizal , Aminah Siti , Amalia Lisda , Dian Sofiati
Published: November 2022

Background: Tetanus is a disease characterized by painful muscle spasms all over the body, which still becomes an important health issue worldwide, particularly in developing countries due to the high mortality rate. The clinical features also affect the mortality rate of adult tetanus patients. Tetanus severity score (TSS) is a prognostic scoring system developed in Vietnam that uses clinical features to predict the mortality rate in adult tetanus patients. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical features and outcomes of adult tetanus patients using TSS.Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study with a total sampling method was conducted between 2015 and 2019. A total of 71 medical records of adult generalized tetanus patients in the Department of Neurology Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung were collected to analyze the clinical features and outcomes using TSS. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software ver. 25.0.Results: Among seventy-one tetanus patients, 62 (87.3%) were male, and the average age was 55.2±11.2 years. More than half of the patients (71%) were having grade III or worse and experienced dysautonomia complications (57.7%). The mortality rate was 38% and those who survived at discharge, 88.64% had TSS score <8, whereas 37.04% who died had TSS score ≥8.Conclusions: Tetanus in Bandung has a high mortality rate. Those who have died have high TSS scores, while the survivors have low TSS scores, suggesting that the TSS is a prospective scoring to predict the mortality rate in patients with tetanus in Indonesia.
Thoracic Radiography Findings of Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung
Authors: Kurnia Mareta Tada , Yusuf Iyus Maolana , Santoso Prayudi
Published: November 2022

Background: The prevalence of multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR-TB) continues to increase, especially in Indonesia. Thoracic radiography examination plays a role in the TB diagnosis by providing findings of typical lesions in patients. The aim of the study was to determine the thoracic radiography findings in MDR-TB patients.Methods: This was a cross-sectional retrospective descriptive study. This study had explored secondary data from medical records of patients who previously had a clinical diagnosis of MDR-TB and underwent thoracic radiography examinations at the Department of Radiology, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung on July - August 2020 Result: Of 110 data collected, the average age was 37±12.6 years with male patients were predominantly prevalent and 65.5% had large lesions. The most frequent findings of lesions were calcification (94.5%) and fibrosis (90.9%). Other major findings were infiltration (88.2%), consolidation (55.5%), cavity (65.5%), ground-glass opacity (60.9%) while other were found in less than half of the cases such as bronchiectasis (23%), nodule (34.5%), atelectasis (36.4%), lymphadenopathy (34.5%), and others. Interestingly, the miliary pattern was not found.Conclusion: Large lesions, calcification, fibrosis, infiltration, consolidation, cavities, and ground-glass opacities are the main features of the radiographic findings in the majority of MDR-TB patients.
Correlation between Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Immature-to-total Neutrophil (I/T) Ratio to Bacterial Infection among Children with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Puratmaja Galuhafiar , Alam Anggraini , Lukmanul Hakim Dzulfikar Djalil , Rahayuningsih Sri Endah , Gurnida Dida Akhmad , Hilmanto Dany
Published: November 2022

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children has a long-lived impact, such as an increased risk of bacterial infection. Infection may accelerate disease progression, making early detection crucial. Inflammatory markers typically used for bacterial infection are C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and Procalcitonin (PCT). This study aimed to determine the correlation between levels of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and immature-to-total-neutrophil ratio (I/T ratio) to bacterial infection in children with CKD as indicated by the serum levels of CRP and PCT.Methods: Observational analysis with a cross-sectional design was conducted from January 2019 to November 2021 in children from 3 months to 18 years old with CKD and bacterial infection.  Retrospective data were obtained from medical records at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung. Correlation analysis was performed (SPSS program) at a 95% confidence level, and results were considered significant if the p-value <0.05.Results: There were 42 children, and 57% were female; with a median age of 13 years (range 1–17 years). Most patients had normal nutritional status (55%) although 40% were malnourished. Correlation analysis between I/T ratio and NLR with PCT was positive, with r=0.284 (p<0.05) and r=0.265 (p<0.05), respectively, whereas there was no significant correlation of I/T ratio (r=0,154; p>0.05) and NLR (r=0,188; p>0.05) to CRP.Conclusions: NLR and I/T ratios have a significant positive correlation with PCT levels but not with CRP levels. NRL and I/T ratios can be considered as alternative markers for diagnosing CKD in children with a bacterial infection.
Saúde Mental e Avaliação Psicológica Durante a Pandemia de Covid-19: Revisão Sistemática
Authors: Scortegagna Silvana Alba , Lima Eduardo dos Santos , Marchi Ana Carolina Bertoletti De , Portella Marilene Rodrigues
Published: November 2022

Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar os efeitos da pandemia de Covid-19 na saúde mental de populações adultas e verificar os recursos de avaliação empregados. A partir de uma revisão sistemática, segundo as recomendações do PRISMA, foram identificados 1.158 artigos nas bases de dados Pubmed, PsycINFO, PePSIC e Scielo, dos quais 54 atenderam aos critérios de elegibilidade para análise. As populações pesquisadas contemplaram adultos em geral, profissionais de saúde e adultos idosos; sintomas de ansiedade e depressão foram os mais relatados; houve expressiva diversidade nos recursos de avaliação aplicados on-line. Políticas de prevenção, promoção de saúde mental para populações mais vulneráveis, assim como o desenvolvimento de testes de avaliação com evidências de validade para aplicação on-line, são uma realidade premente.
Structural Characteristics and Functions of Significant Social Networks of Women Who Have Stayed in Shelters
Authors: Krenkel Scheila , Moré Carmen Leontina Ojeda Ocampo
Published: November 2022

Abstract The aim of this qualitative study was to understand the structural characteristics and functions of the significant social networks of women subjected to violence, after their stay in a shelter. Six women admitted to a shelter in southern Brazil participated in the study. Semi-structured interviews and Network Maps were used for data collection. Data were organized and analyzed according to Grounded Theory, using the software Atlas.ti 7.0. Medium and large networks were found, with a high degree of affective proximity and the predominance of family members. The main functions were Emotional Support, and Cognitive Guidance and Advice. Participants were considerably empowered by reactivating their significant social networks and resignifying the quality of their relational bond with them.
Alendronato de sódio tópico associado ao osso bovino liofilizado no reparo ósseo
Authors: OLIVEIRA Laisa Kindely Ramos de , BONATTO Mariana da Silva , ROCHA Stela Maris Wanderley , RODRIGUES Fabiano Gonzaga , FRANÇA Roberta Moreira , SILVA Daniela Nascimento , LIMEIRA JÚNIOR Francisco de Assis
Published: November 2022

Resumo Introdução O osso bovino inorgânico é o enxerto mais utilizado na Odontologia, tendo como desvantagem longo tempo de integração ao leito receptor. Os bifosfonatos têm sido utilizados para modular a quantidade e a qualidade do osso regenerado e diminuir o tempo de integração do enxerto. Objetivo Avaliar o efeito do bifosfonato alendronato de sódio (ALN) 0,5%, associado ou não ao osso bovino inorgânico, na reparação de defeitos ósseos. Material e método Dois defeitos ósseos foram confeccionados na calvária de 12 coelhos, sendo a cavidade esquerda/experimental preenchida com: GI = osso bovino inorgânico (Bio-Oss®); GII = Bio-Oss® + ALN 0,5%; GIII = ALN 0,5%; e a cavidade direita por coágulo sanguíneo (controle). Os animais foram mortos aos 60 dias pós-operatórios. Por meio de análise histomorfométrica calculou-se o percentual de osso neoformado e remanescente do biomaterial em relação à área total do defeito. Resultado Osso neoformado: GI = 38,16 ± 15,44%; GII = 55,77 ± 16,75%; GII I = 60,28 ± 11,45%. Controle = 45,11 ± 11,09%. Remanescente do enxerto: GI = 7,02 ± 5,36% e GII = 16,59 ± 9,56%. Não houve diferença quanto ao percentual de osso neoformado entre os grupos (ANOVA p = 0,15512; teste de Tukey F = 2,089). O percentual de remanescente do enxerto também foi estatisticamente semelhante entre os grupos GI e GII (teste de Tukey F = 5,019). Conclusão O uso tópico da solução de ALN 0,5% isoladamente ou associado ao osso bovino liofilizado não alterou o percentual de neoformação óssea nem a degradação dos grânulos do enxerto.
Psychological disorders and coping strategies among undergraduate medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil
Authors: Mendes Tâmaro Chagas , Dias Ana Catarina Perez
Published: November 2022

Abstract: Introduction: Medical students are commonly considered a vulnerable public to the emergence of mental disorders. In the COVID-19 pandemic context, recent evidence suggests that the COVID-19 crisis may have affected the medical student’s mental health. Objective: We aimed to investigate the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms in undergraduate medical students, the associated factors, and the relationship between coping strategies and psychological symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic period. Method: This is a cross-section study with 141 undergraduate medical students from a public medical school in Brazil. The student’s mental health was assessed with the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and the coping strategies were assessed with the Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced inventory (Brief COPE). Data were collected from December 1, 2020, to February 28, 2021, through the Google Form platform. Descriptive analysis, chi-square, multivariate Poisson regression, and Spearman’s correlation were performed. Result: Regarding the students’ mental health, 78 (55.3%; 95%CI: 47.1-63.3) were categorized as having depression symptoms, 71 (50.4%, 95%CI: 42.2-58.5) as having anxiety symptoms, and 86 (61%; 95%CI: 52.8-68.7) as having stress symptoms. About the associated factors, skin color/race had an association with depression and stress, year of the course had an association with stress only, history of psychological/psychiatry treatment had an association with anxiety and stress and self-rated mental health had an association with depression, anxiety, and stress. In relation to the coping strategies, problem-focused strategies had no significant correlations with depression, anxiety, and stress. Emotion-focused strategies had a weak negative correlation with depression only. Avoidance strategies had a moderate positive correlation with depression, anxiety, and stress. Conclusion: Overall, our results show high prevalence rates of depression, anxiety, and stress in Brazilian undergraduate medical students and the significant relationship between coping strategies and the presence of psychological impairment during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Didática do Inferno: teatro, pandemônio, tradução
Authors: Monteiro Silas Borges
Published: November 2022

RESUMO Este ensaio examina a palavra didática partindo do seu uso vernacular em direção à sua gênese na cultura grega. Para além de filologismo, quer encontrar os valores de uso que encharcam a palavra. Ao investigar o uso hodierno do termo, obtido de dicionários, identifica-se a escolha da palavra grega vinda de textos cristãos, em detrimento do uso primeiro, inscrito no teatro grego arcaico. Esse esquecimento, como recalque, indica o investimento instintual que o assunto contém. Daí, a hipótese deste texto é que a didática, não obstante seus esforços a partir da segunda metade do século XX, segue inscrita em uma metafísica da presença que estabelece um ideal de ser humano. A fim de se distanciar dessa concepção, opta-se por recorrer à filosofia do inferno de Sandra Corazza em direção a uma didática do inferno, que considere, por um lado, as fraturas de um pensamento diabólico, e, por outro, assuma-a como transcriação didática.
Tocar o Futuro em seu Lado de Cá: tradução em Sandra Mara Corazza
Authors: Costa Cristiano Bedin da
Published: November 2022

RESUMO Na geografia do pensamento de Sandra Mara Corazza, a tradução constitui um entre-lugar de apropriação e recuperação poética da tradição. Estruturada desde Walter Benjamin, Paul Valéry, Jacques Derrida, Haroldo de Campos, entre outros, a noção é um desdobramento crítico da escrileitura, neologismo que nomeia um modo transcriador de ler e reescrever elementos originais científicos, filosóficos, artísticos, na língua curricular e didática. O vínculo entre tradução e escrileitura se estabelece por montagens alegóricas de diferentes tempos e usos do signo na operação do texto e ocasião da aula. Esse saber-fazer peculiar, chamado didática-artista da tradução, sugere uma imagem docente sempre em via de fazer-se, continuamente reimaginada pelo presente da criação. Assim como as matérias de seu ofício, a didática-artista vive e adquire mais vida em transcriação, condição que faz de seu dever-traduzir um compromisso ético e político de diferenciar, diferenciando-se. Na vida/obra de Sandra, o encontro contém a ruptura, um modo de tocar o futuro em seu lado de cá.
Body and Transgression in Bakhtin and Bataille: A Debate of Excesses
Authors: Silva Anderson Lopes da
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT The purpose of this essay is to present, in comparative terms, how political-aesthetic excess is the common element of issues like the body and transgression arranged under different contexts in the works of Mikhail Bakhtin and Georges Bataille. Thus, despite coming from different fields (from dialogical studies of language and observations of general economy), both authors move through mutual ground to the production of meanings which is based on ephemerality, ambiguity, and ambivalence of excess.
Análise do conto “A dama do cachorrinho”. Paralelos entre as relações autor-personagem em Mikhail Bakhtin e Antón Tchékhov
Authors: Glushkova Maria , Vasilevich Elena
Published: November 2022

RESUMO Os primeiros trabalhos de Bakhtin apontam as origens de sua teoria. O ineditismo deste artigo, então, consiste em comparar os trabalhos iniciais de Bakhtin, mais precisamente o ensaio “O autor e a personagem na atividade estética”, escrito nos anos 1920, com as visões de Tchékhov sobre a relação autor - personagem - leitor. Isso porque consideramos Tchékhov não apenas escritor, mas também teórico da criação verbal, o que mostraremos com trechos das suas cartas. Assim, o artigo apresenta uma análise do conto “A dama do cachorrinho”, de Anton Tchékhov, e a tese de que Tchékhov teve, já a partir do título, a intenção de relacionar o seu conto com o romance A dama das camélias, de Alexandre Dumas Filho.
A construção de corpus de larga escala da fala bilíngue de crianças e da fala bilíngue dirigida à criança, anotado e alinhado aos arquivos de áudio: desafios, soluções e implicações para a pesquisa
Authors: Lưu Alex , Koval Pasha , Malamud Sophia A. , Dubinina Irina Y.
Published: November 2022

RESUMO O projeto BiRCh (The Corpus of Bilingual Russian Child Speech, Corpus de fala de crianças bilíngues em russo) envolve a construção de um corpus longitudinal composto de gravações de fala em russo produzida por crianças e suas famílias na Rússia, Ucrânia, Alemanha, EUA e Canadá. Estamos construindo um corpus de larga escala com base no conjunto dessas gravações, o ‘Parsed and Audio-aligned Corpus of Bilingual Russian Child and Child-directed Speech (BiRCh)’, com os dois componentes básicos: (1) as transcrições de um milhão de palavras alinhadas com os arquivos de áudio, em que pode ser realizada a busca textual, e (2) as transcrições de 500 mil palavras anotadas morfologicamente e analisadas sintaticamente, também alinhadas com os arquivos de áudio. Estamos utilizando o corpus para investigar os diversos fenômenos no input linguístico e na trajetória do desenvolvimento de falantes de herança, tais como o uso de caso, gênero, construções passivas e impessoais, marcadores de polidez, disfluências e marcadores discursivos. Este artigo enfoca os desafios e soluções no processo da construção do BiRCh e as implicações para a pesquisa com base nos dados detalhadamente anotados fornecidos pelo corpus.
Otoacoustic emissions evoked in Ménière's disease
Authors: Corvaro Cristiana , Lagreca Lorena Carvalho Cavalcanti , Munhoz Mário Sérgio Lei , Azevedo Marisa Frasson de
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT Purpose To verify the responses of Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions by transient stimulus and distortion product in individuals with Ménière’s Disease. Methods Cross-sectional study with a sample composed of 60 individuals, aged 19 to 75 years, divided into two groups: study group, with 32 individuals with a medical diagnosis of Ménière’s disease, without other risks and a control group formed by 28 individuals with cochlear loss without Meniere’s disease, age and sex matched to the study group. Eligibility criteria: type A curve, without conductive or mixed loss or suspected retrocochlear alteration. The audiological evaluation consisted of anamnesis, inspection of the external acoustic meatus, pure tone audiometry, logoaudiometry, measures of acoustic immittance and transient evoked otoacoustic emissions and distortion product. Results Individuals with Ménière’s disease had a higher occurrence of unilateral hearing loss, low pitch tinnitus, vertigo and ear fullness in relation to the control. In these individuals, there was greater incompatibility between the results of OAE and pure tone audiometry: in unilateral hearing loss, alterations in OAE were observed in ears with normal hearing thresholds on the contralateral side, characterizing cochlear dysfunctions. In the ears with cochlear loss, there was the presence of TEOAE and absence of DPOAE, in contrast to the control group, which showed the absence of TEOAE and DPOAE, as expected in cochlear losses of other etiologies. Conclusion The investigation of emissions in Ménière’s disease identified cochlear dysfunction in the contralateral ear in unilateral cases and the presence of TOAE with absence of DPOAE in ears with hearing loss, differentiating from cochlear losses of other etiologies.
Emissões otoacústicas evocadas na doença de Ménière
Authors: Corvaro Cristiana , Lagreca Lorena Carvalho Cavalcanti , Munhoz Mário Sérgio Lei , Azevedo Marisa Frasson de
Published: November 2022

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar as respostas das emissões otoacústicas (EOA) evocadas por estímulo transiente e produto de distorção em indivíduos com doença de Ménière. Métodos Estudo transversal com casuística composta por 60 indivíduos de 19 a 75 anos de idade, distribuídos em dois grupos: grupo estudo, com 32 indivíduos com diagnóstico médico de doença de Ménière, sem outros riscos, e grupo controle formado por 28 indivíduos com perda coclear, sem doença de Ménière, pareado por idade e gênero ao grupo estudo. Critério de elegibilidade: curva tipo A, sem perda condutiva ou mista ou suspeita de alteração retrococlear. A avaliação audiológica foi composta por anamnese, inspeção do meato acústico externo, audiometria tonal limiar, logoaudiometria, medidas de imitância acústica e emissões otoacústicas evocadas por estímulo transiente e produto de distorção. Resultados Os indivíduos com Ménière apresentaram maior ocorrência de perda unilateral, zumbido pitch grave, vertigem e plenitude auricular em relação ao controle. Nesses indivíduos, houve maior incompatibilidade entre os resultados das EOA e da audiometria tonal: nas perdas unilaterais, observaram-se alterações nas EOA nas orelhas com limiares auditivos normais do lado contralateral, caracterizando disfunções cocleares. Nas orelhas com perda coclear, houve presença de EOAT (por estímulo transiente) e ausência de EOAPD (produto de distorção), contrapondo-se ao grupo controle, que apresentou ausência de EOAT e de EOAPD, como o esperado em perdas cocleares de outras etiologias. Conclusão A pesquisa das emissões na doença de Ménière identificou disfunção coclear na orelha contralateral nos casos unilaterais e presença de EOAT com ausência de EOAPD nas orelhas com perda auditiva, diferenciando-se das perdas cocleares de outras etiologias.
Tratamento de água cinza para reúso agrícola no semiárido do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil
Authors: Costa Raul Leite da , Torres Dayana Melo , Gomes Josimar Torres , Silva José Edson Martins
Published: November 2022

RESUMO O reúso de água cinza é uma medida eficaz no enfrentamento da escassez hídrica no semiárido nordestino, tendo em vista que, com sua prática, há diminuição no consumo de água potável para irrigação agrícola. Diante disso, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o tratamento de água cinza para reúso em propriedade agrícola familiar no semiárido do Rio Grande do Norte. Para a avaliação do tratamento do efluente, foram realizadas coletas dos esgotos bruto e tratado no vermifiltro da unidade agrícola familiar onde se encontra instalado o projeto piloto utilizado neste trabalho. Foram realizadas análises das propriedades físico-químicas e microbiológicas do efluente, por meio dos parâmetros: temperatura, condutividade elétrica, pH, sólidos suspensos, nitrogênio amoniacal, nitrogênio orgânico, nitrogênio total Kjeldahl (NTK), nitrato, fósforo total, ortofosfato solúvel, demanda bioquímica de oxigênio ao quinto dia (DBO5), demanda química de oxigênio (DQO), oxigênio dissolvido e coliformes termotolerantes. Os resultados indicaram que houve remoção significativa de sólidos suspensos totais, DQO, DBO5 e coliformes termotolerantes. Tendo em vista que a redução dessas concentrações possibilita o reúso agrícola e que o sistema de tratamento biológico utilizado se mostrou eficiente na remoção desses parâmetros, é notório que o tratamento da água cinza constitui ferramenta fundamental na garantia da qualidade de vida da população, especialmente para aqueles que vivem na zona rural e sofrem com a escassez hídrica. Ademais, o sistema apresenta baixo custo de manutenção e operação, diminuição de gastos com fertilizantes, economia de água potável, redução da poluição ambiental e preservação do meio ambiente.
Brexit? Analyzing Opinion on the UK-EU Referendum within Twitter
Authors: Llewellyn Clare , Cram Laura
Published: November 2022

We present a demonstrator that visualizes the Twittersphere debate on whether the UK should remain in or leave the European Union. Data is collected using three strategies: hashtag search terms, extraction from the full stream and following specific users. The demonstrator can be used to show the different discussion topics identified by the different search strategies.
Mining Pro-ISIS Radicalisation Signals from Social Media Users
Authors: Rowe Matthew , Saif Hassan
Published: November 2022

The emergence and actions of the so-called Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL/ISIS) has received widespread news coverage across the World, largely due to their capture of large swathes of land across Syria and Iraq, and the publishing of execution and propaganda videos. Enticed by such material published on social media and attracted to the cause of ISIS, there have been numerous reports of individuals from European countries (the United Kingdom and France in particular) moving to Syria and joining ISIS. In this paper our aim to understand what happens to Europe-based Twitter users before, during, and after they exhibit pro-ISIS behaviour (i.e. using pro-ISIS terms, sharing content from pro-ISIS accounts), characterising such behaviour as radicalisation signals. We adopt a data-mining oriented approach to computationally determine time points of activation (i.e. when users begin to adopt pro-ISIS behaviour), characterise divergent behaviour (both lexically and socially), and quantify influence dynamics as pro-ISIS terms are adopted. Our findings show that: (i) of 154K users examined only 727 exhibited signs of pro-ISIS behaviour and the vast majority of those 727 users became \emph{activated} with such behaviour during the summer of 2014 when ISIS shared many beheading videos online; (ii) users exhibit significant behaviour divergence around the time of their activation, and; (iii) social homophily has a strong bearing on the diffusion process of pro-ISIS terms through Twitter.
TweetGrep: Weakly Supervised Joint Retrieval and Sentiment Analysis of Topical Tweets
Authors: Guha Satarupa , Chakraborty Tanmoy , Datta Samik , Kumar Mohit , Varma Vasudeva
Published: November 2022

An overwhelming amount of data is generated everyday onsocial media, encompassing a wide spectrum of topics. With almost every business decision depending on customer opinion, mining of social media data needs to be quick and easy.For a data analyst to keep up with the agility and the scale of the data, it is impossible to bank on fully supervised techniques to mine topics and their associated sentiments from social media. Motivated by this, we propose a weakly supervised approach (named, TweetGrep) that lets the data analyst easily define a topic by few keywords and adapt a generic sentiment classifier to the topic – by jointly modeling topics and sentiments using label regularization. Experiments with diverse datasets show that TweetGrep beats the state-of-the-art models for both the tasks of retrieving topical tweet sand analyzing the sentiment of the tweets (average improvement of 4.97% and 6.91% respectively in terms of area under the curve). Further, we show that TweetGrep can also be adopted in a novel task of hashtag disambiguation, which significantly outperforms the baseline methods.
When a Movement Becomes a Party: Computational Assessment of New Forms of Political Organization in Social Media
Authors: Aragón Pablo , Volkovich Yana , Laniado David , Kaltenbrunner Andreas
Published: November 2022

Social media has become a key mechanism for the organization of grassroots movements. In the 2015 Barcelona City Council election, Barcelona en Comú, an emerging grassroots party, was the most voted one. This candidacy was devised by activists involved in the Spanish 15M movement in order to turn citizen outrage into political change. On the one hand, the 15M movement is based on a decentralized structure. On the other hand, political science literature postulates that parties historically develop oligarchical leadership structures. This tension motivates us to examine whether Barcelona en Comú preserved a decentralized structure or adopted a conventional centralized organization. In this article we propose a computational framework to analyze the Twitter networks of the parties that ran for this election by measuring their hierarchical structure, small-world phenomenon and coreness. The results of our assessment show that in Barcelona en Comú two well-defined groups co-exist: a cluster dominated by the party leader and the collective accounts, and another cluster formed by the movement activists. While the former group is highly centralized like traditional parties, the latter one stands out for its decentralized, cohesive and resilient structure.
The Emotional and Chromatic Layers of Urban Smells
Authors: Quercia Daniele , Aiello Luca Maria , Schifanella Rossano
Published: November 2022

People are able to detect up to 1 trillion odors. Yet, city planning is concerned only with a few bad odors, mainly because odors are currently captured only through complaints made by urban dwellers. To capture both good and bad odors, we resort to a methodology that has been recently proposed and relies on tagging information of geo-referenced pictures. In doing so for the cities of London and Barcelona, this work makes three new contributions. We study 1) how the urban smellscape changes in time and space; 2) which emotions people share at places with specific smells; and 3) what is the color of a smell, if it exists. Without social media data, insights about those three aspects have been difficult to produce in the past, further delaying the creation of urban restorative experiences.
Networks of Gratitude: Structures of Thanks and User Expectations in Workplace Appreciation Systems
Authors: Spiro Emma , Matias J. Nathan , Monroy-Hernandez Andres
Published: November 2022

Appreciation systems — platforms for users to exchange thanks and praise — are becoming common in the workplace, where employees share appreciation, managers are notified, and aggregate scores are sometimes made visible. Who do people thank on these systems, and what do they expect from each other and their managers? After introducing the design affordances of 13 appreciation systems, we discuss a system we call Gratia, in use at a large multinational company for over four years. Using logs of 422,000 appreciation messages and user surveys, we explore the social dynamics of use and ask if use of the system addresses the recognition problem. We find that while thanks is mostly exchanged among employees at the same level and different parts of the company, addressing the recognition problem, managers do not always act on that recognition in ways that employees expect.