bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Orientalist Discourse in Communication and Media
Authors: Toros Ntapiapis Nihal , Kunacaf Ezgi
Published: April 2021

Today's people fall into the advertising network more and more every day with the developing technology. The modern world is exposed to many written and visual images in this area. All these images contain a whole of meanings. Advertising, which is one of the concepts that affects and transforms society, is also a collection of messages. While conveying his messages, the facts that create and transform society, cultures, and identities, and creation processes occur in this context. The created advertisements, the concepts of self, and the “other,” East and West, have existed since the formation of human history and have been influenced from time to time, and the Orientalist, re-orientalist perspective has shown itself in the advertisements. The underdevelopment of the East is a discourse aimed at religion, language, and races. The West spreads its Orientalist discourse to the world through mass media. This research investigates the orientalism effects in media and communication regarding how the media and communication field is affected by Orientalism.
Neurobiology of Well-Being
Authors: Jackson Pamela A. , Sirgy M. Joseph , Medley Gabriel D.
Published: April 2021

This chapter is designed to review much of the research on the neurobiology of well-being. A distinction between hedonic well-being and eudaimonic well-being is made. The brain reward center was discussed in relation to well-being, which was followed by an in-depth discussion related to drugs, neurotransmitters, and well-being. Neurochemicals related to hedonia and eudaimonia were then discussed, followed by another discussion on gene expression. Finally, brain structures involved in well-being were the discussed followed by concluding thoughts.
Paradigm Shifts in the Theory and Praxis of Mental Health Counseling
Authors: Kuruvilla Moly
Published: April 2021

Clinical psychology used to view women's distress as biological and men's distress as externally induced. The psychology of gender relations has progressed to view gender as a principle of the social structure, but counselling practices continue to have an uncritical focus on the unequal gender relations existing in the society. Feminist psychology recognizes that the pattern of women's mental disorders is role related rather than organic/biological and that many gender differences are shaped by differing socialization of males and females. While addressing the mental health needs of the women population, the “subjective distress” in the context of their “subjective realities” is to be explored. Silencing the oppressed is the feudalistic way of resolving issues, but it fails to recognise the storm inside the oppressed minds. From outside, the family may seem to be calm and cool, but the turbulence inside the feminine minds may break out any time either in the form of a suicide attempt or in the form of a complaint to the police or the women's commission.
Real-Time Mental Health Monitoring
Authors: Wason Ritika , Rana Prashant Singh , Jain Vishal
Published: April 2021

Mental disorders have been identified as one among the leading causes of the global disease burden. Despite being one of the first nations in the world to identify mental health as an important indicator of personal well-being and having adequate plans and policies for ensuring the same, one in every seven Indians is affected by mental disorders of varying severity. Through this manuscript we try to analyze how real-time mental health monitoring has helped improve productivity among the global workforce as well as prevented deterioration of individual mental health across the globe. Our main plan of this study is to identify the significant efforts in mental health monitoring across the globe and then chalk out a real-time mental health monitoring framework for India. We also propose a real-time mental health monitoring smartphone-based framework for India we name as SmartMHealth. We describe the basic components of this framework in this study itself.
Appreciative Inquiry and Mental Health Improvement
Authors: Tripathi Malabika
Published: April 2021

Appreciative inquiry is an ‘asset-based' approach that focuses on the positive things of life. Through its 4D cycle and principles it generates transformation of organization. AI when practiced goes through 4D cycle of discovery, dream, design, and destiny. An individual gets the scope to rediscover and reorganize when passing through these four phases. This liberates the mind through exploration and introspection. Interventions of AI even clarify the ‘shadow' area of the human mind. The chapter tries to establish AI as a potential tool that can be used at individual level to aid in up gradation of mental health awareness through reviewing existing literature in this field.
Mental Health Clinical Decision Support Exploiting Big Data
Authors: Kalina Jan
Published: April 2021

The complexity of clinical decision-making is immensely increasing with the advent of big data with a clinical relevance. Clinical decision systems represent useful e-health tools applicable to various tasks within the clinical decision-making process. This chapter is devoted to basic principles of clinical decision support systems and their benefits for healthcare and patient safety. Big data is crucial input for clinical decision support systems and is helpful in the task to find the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. Statistical challenges of analyzing big data in psychiatry are overviewed, with a particular interest for psychiatry. Various barriers preventing telemedicine tools from expanding to the field of mental health are discussed. The development of decision support systems is claimed here to play a key role in the development of information-based medicine, particularly in psychiatry. Information technology will be ultimately able to combine various information sources including big data to present and enforce a holistic information-based approach to psychiatric care.
Efficacy of Telemedicine in Psychiatry and Mental Health Nursing
Authors: Jones Michael , Berhie Girmay
Published: April 2021

Adoption and implementation of telecommunication services which allow psychiatric services to be delivered have increased availability of care to patients in remote areas. Past studies have suggested that telepsychiatry services are comparable to traditional face-to-face services; and patients typically considered telepsychiatry an acceptable alternative. The purpose of this research was to examine and describe the efficacy of psychiatric care delivered via telemedicine (telepsychiatry) to determine whether telepsychiatry could improve outcomes for patients. Seven electronic databases were utilized with a total of 22 articles that were referenced as a basis for this literature review. The findings suggest telepsychiatry is an effective alternative compared to traditional methods. Future research should include controlled experiments that compare telepsychiatry to face-to-face psychiatry and incorporate newer technologies into the research.
Virtual Reality as a Tool for Mental Health and Conscious Living and Death
Authors: Weyers-Lucci Dorote
Published: April 2021

In this chapter, the authors look at the possibilities of impact of VR in the mental health and wellness area through the lens of contemplative practices and immersive experiences. The area of existential anxieties is often stigmatized or difficult to address directly. Death is the most transformative journey possible but may not be viewed this way. Immersive experiences designed to encourage and allow for non-dual experiences can support this transition. They are difficult to design since non-dual experiences by their very nature are both deeply personal and yet totally impersonal at the same time. Yet, the authors examine how existential anxieties are the perfect framework for a non-dual experience. The wellness app StarflightVR serves as an explorative tool. We mention a past study in this area, which revealed that it is possible to mitigate depression by addressing anxiety on a daily basis through this immersive contemplative VR experience. The authors build on this study with existential fear mitigation examined through an online workshop experience and StarflightVR.
Mental Health and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Authors: Kasemsap Kijpokin
Published: April 2021

This chapter reveals the important perspectives on mental health, mental illness, and technology utilization; mental health education and mental health nursing; the overview of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT); CBT, depression, anxiety, and insomnia; CBT and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD); and CBT and heart failure. Mental health strengthens the individuals' ability to have healthy relationships; make good life choices; maintain physical health and well-being; handle the natural ups and downs of life; and grow toward individuals' potential. Mental health is associated with higher productivity, better performance, more consistent work attendance, and fewer workplace accidents. CBT is a goal-oriented psychotherapy treatment that takes a practical approach to problem-solving skills. CBT involves recognizing the unhelpful or destructive patterns of thinking and reacting, thus modifying or replacing these patterns with more realistic or helpful ones.
Answering the Call for School-Based Mental Health
Authors: Starr Maxine Blanche Langdon
Published: April 2021

A largely unmet need exists for school-based mental health services by students who are of an ethnic minority and who may not have insurance, access, and/or the knowledge of mental health services. These same students may not receive effective, culturally sensitive counseling services, interventions, or valid/accurate measures of psychological testing. In order to resonate and connect with these students who need the most help and support despite these barriers to accessing quality treatment, what is the school-based mental health provider to do? This chapter will initially discuss a comprehensive review of culturally competent interventions for school-based mental health providers as well as recommendations for culturally competent training for mental health providers and school staff to ensure that culturally competent collaboration and appropriate support exists for all students.
Ageing and Mental Health
Authors: Verma Neelam
Published: April 2021

Estimated research findings suggest that almost two-thirds of adults with psychiatric conditions do not receive the required treatment services. This chapter enables readers to understand various aspects of ageing, how physical and mental health aspects are correlated, and which mental health conditions are most common in later life. The chapter also discusses major models of mental health in the context of ageing. Major psychiatric and psychological conditions that are most common in old age are outlined along with a major milestone of old age (i.e., retirement: a major lifestyle change that pushes older people towards psychological problems and adjustment issues with a new phase of life). A brief description is presented on the current status of psychiatric and psychological services for mental health issues of the elderly. The chapter concludes by summarizing the contents of discussed areas. Studies are presented throughout the chapter to accompany and enrich the discussion and validate the chapter content.
EHealth Interventions for People Suffering From Sleep Problems and Depressive Symptoms
Authors: Langrial Sitwat Usman , Lappalainen Päivi
Published: April 2021

This chapter highlights qualitative findings from two field studies that focused on supporting people with sleeplessness (Study 1) and moderate depression (Study II). Both the studies were designed to examine the prospective impact of reminders and rehearsal on the effectiveness of web- based eHealth interventions. The interventions were incorporated with Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. In this chapter, qualitative findings are reported with an aim to highlight issues that are at times overlooked. Further, the findings are expected to help researchers better understand eHealth interventions for mental health care. Results from the two studies uncover interesting contrasts. While the participants of the Study I (Sleeplessness) generally did not find reminders to be helpful, on the contrary, the participants of study II (Moderate Depression) largely approved reminders especially in terms of task completion. In terms of rehearsal, participants from both the studies approved the virtual exercises in terms of learning desirable self-help behaviors. Finally, the chapter highlights some of the grey areas in the field of eHealth interventions for mental health care. The identified grey areas are expected to create opportunities for further research and advances in the field of mental health care.
The Critical Temperature of N-Nitro-Dihydroxyethylami Nitration Reaction
Authors: Jin Peng Gang , Ren Song Tao , Xu Hong Tao , Jiang Xi Bo , Li Hong Bin , Wang Xiao Feng
Published: April 2021

The nitration reaction is one kind of important reaction in many synthetic chemical reactions. The reaction with a high temperature releases a lot of heat and is easy to get out of control. The energetic materials is the main ingredients of the reaction mixture in late of nitrification of energy-containing materials, the accident about burn or rapid energy release will happen once the reaction is out of hand. There are so many thermal safety studies of energy materials, but the thermal safety research about energy material nitrification production line is not reported. Using the designed multi-scale energy material test, the thermal stability of DINA (N-Nitro-dihydroxyethylami) nitration reaction mixture was studied. The critical ignition temperature about different scale was obtained, and this temperature can be used as the base of enterprise process safety design.
Analysis of Precipitates in Welded Joint of TP347H Stainless Steel
Authors: Chen Zhong Bing , Zhang Jian Lin , Sun Zhi Qiang , Yao Xiang Hong
Published: April 2021

The precipitates in welded joint heat affected zone (HAZ) and base metal of TP347H stainless steel were observed and analyzed by SEM, TEM and EPMA. The results show that precipitate of NbC can be observed in welded joint HAZ in as-welded, and more NbC precipitate in high temperature service. The size of primary NbC in base metal ranges from tens of nanometers to hundreds of nanometers, but only tens of nanometers of the precipitated NbC. The fine precipitate of NbC is mainly distributed in the crystal, however, continuous distribution of NbC is also observed on the grain boundary of the service joint. Cr carbide precipitates at the grain boundary, and some of particles distribute continuously on the grain boundary after service. The fine NbC precipitated in the crystal strengthens the matrix, and the continuous distribution of Nb and Cr carbides on the grain boundary reduces the interfacial bonding strength, then both of which result decrease of the material plasticity.
Study on Calorimetry of Excess Heat in a d/Pd Gas-Loading System
Authors: Wang Xing Ye , Shen Bing Jun , Jin Li Hong , Li Ling Yu , Tian Jian
Published: April 2021

A heat-flow calorimeter was introduced into the D/Pd gas-loading system to confirm the reliability and accuracy of the results obtained by isothermal calorimetry in the previous work. The effects of input power (electrical current) and pressure on excess heat were discussed under different experimental conditions. The results showed that the heat-flow calorimetry had higher accuracy than isothermal calorimetry. Under deuterium pressure of 30 kPa, the excess heat power decreased with the decrease of the input power, and the maximum excess heat power was (6.40 ± 0.19) W with an input power of 380 W. In the experiments of discussing the relationship between pressure and excess heat, the results showed there was a maximum excess power of (10.28 ± 3.40) W when the deuterium pressure was 220 Pa. The excess heat measured in the system was far more than that in chemical reaction. The results of SEM and EDS implied that excess heat came from nuclear transmutation processes.
Influence of Poly(Vinylpyrrolidone) Capping Agent on the Synthesis of Silver Structures by Polyol Method
Authors: Cao Lin , Meng Yu Ying , Zhu Yi Qun , Ye Yun , Wang Qi Wei , Peng Zhang
Published: April 2021

In this study, silver nano/micro structures were successfully synthesized from silver nitrate via a polyol method at 160 °C. In our synthesis route, ethylene glycol (EG) was used as both as solvent and reducing agent, and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) with different molecular weight was employed as capping agent. When reduced the PVP’s molecular weight from 58000 to 8000, the spherical morphology of silver particles changed to rod shape. Moreover, by changing the injection method of PVP and controlling the reaction time, silver nanoparticles with uniform spherical morphology and size was prepared. The obtained silver nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV-vis) which indicated the formation of nanoparticles. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) contributed to the particle morphology and size analysis. The morphology and particle size of the resulting silver nanoparticles were depended on the PVP’s molecular weight and the injection method.
Cross-Talk between the Complement Pathway and the Contact Activation System of Coagulation: Activated Factor XI Neutralizes Complement Factor H
Authors: Puy Cristina , Pang Jiaqing , Reitsma Stéphanie E. , Lorentz Christina U. , Tucker Erik I. , Gailani David , Gruber András , Lupu Florea , McCarty Owen J. T.
Published: April 2021

Complement factor H (CFH) is the major inhibitor of the alternative pathway of the complement system and is structurally related to beta2-glycoprotein I, which itself is known to bind to ligands, including coagulation factor XI (FXI). We observed reduced complement activation when FXI activation was inhibited in a baboon model of lethal systemic inflammation, suggesting cross-talk between FXI and the complement cascade. It is unknown whether FXI or its activated form, activated FXI (FXIa), directly interacts with the complement system. We explored whether FXI could interact with and inhibit the activity of CFH. We found that FXIa neutralized CFH by cleavage of the R341/R342 bonds. FXIa reduced the capacity of CFH to enhance the cleavage of C3b by factor I and the decay of C3bBb. The binding of CFH to human endothelial cells was also reduced after incubating CFH with FXIa. The addition of either short- or long-chain polyphosphate enhanced the capacity of FXIa to cleave CFH. FXIa also cleaved CFH that was present on endothelial cells and in the secretome from blood platelets. The generation of FXIa in plasma induced the cleavage of CFH. Moreover, FXIa reduced the cleavage of C3b by factor I in serum. Conversely, we observed that CFH inhibited FXI activation by either thrombin or FXIIa. Our study provides, to our knowledge, a novel molecular link between the contact pathway of coagulation and the complement system. These results suggest that FXIa generation enhances the activity of the complement system and thus may potentiate the immune response.
IFN-λ Regulates Neutrophil Biology to Suppress Inflammation in Herpes Simplex Virus-1–Induced Corneal Immunopathology
Authors: Antony Ferrin , Pundkar Chetan , Sandey Maninder , Jaiswal Anil K. , Mishra Amarjit , Kumar Ashok , Channappanavar Rudragouda , Suryawanshi Amol
Published: April 2021

HSV-1 infection of the cornea causes a severe immunoinflammatory and vision-impairing condition called herpetic stromal keratitis (SK). The virus replication in corneal epithelium followed by neutrophil- and CD4+ T cell–mediated inflammation plays a dominant role in SK. Although previous studies demonstrate critical functions of type I IFNs (IFN-α/β) in HSV-1 infection, the role of recently discovered IFN-λ (type III IFN), specifically at the corneal mucosa, is poorly defined. Our study using a mouse model of SK pathogenesis shows that HSV-1 infection induces a robust IFN-λ response compared with type I IFN production at the corneal mucosal surface. However, the normal progression of SK indicates that the endogenous IFN responses are insufficient to suppress HSV-1–induced corneal pathology. Therefore, we examined the therapeutic efficacy of exogenous rIFN-λ during SK progression. Our results show that rIFN-λ therapy suppressed inflammatory cell infiltration in the cornea and significantly reduced the SK pathologic condition. Early rIFN-λ treatment significantly reduced neutrophil and macrophage infiltration, and IL-6, IL-1β, and CXCL-1 production in the cornea. Notably, the virucidal capacity of neutrophils and macrophages measured by reactive oxygen species generation was not affected. Similarly, ex vivo rIFN-λ treatment of HSV-1–stimulated bone marrow–derived neutrophils significantly promoted IFN-stimulated genes without affecting reactive oxygen species production. Collectively, our data demonstrate that exogenous topical rIFN-λ treatment during the development and progression of SK could represent a novel therapeutic approach to control HSV-1–induced inflammation and associated vision impairment.
Non-invasive ventilation in the elderly – never too late!
Authors: Mendonça Almeida Leonor , Jacob Maria , Van Zeller Mafalda , Pinto Tiago , Gonçalves Miguel , Drummond Marta
Published: April 2021

Dear Editor,
Practising evidence-based medicine in an ageing population is challenging. Nevertheless, using age as a diagnostic or therapeutic procedure contraindication is less and less common. Domiciliary non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in chronic respiratory failure patients has been largely used; however, data from older people is scarce...
Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulates proliferation of stem/progenitor cells
Authors: Tan Yan , Guo Yang , Reed-Maldonado Amanda B , Li Zheng , Lin Guiting , Xia Shu-Jie , Lue Tom F
Published: April 2021

Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is a promising therapy that has been increasingly explored in basic research and clinical applications. LIPUS is an appealing therapeutic option as it is a noninvasive treatment that has many advantages, including no risk of infection or tissue damage and no known adverse reactions. LIPUS has been shown to have many benefits including promotion of tissue healing, angiogenesis, and tissue regeneration; inhibition of inflammation and pain relief; and stimulation of cell proliferation and differentiation. The biophysical mechanisms of LIPUS remain unclear and the studies are ongoing. In recent years, more and more research has focused on the relationship between LIPUS and stem/progenitor cells. A comprehensive search of the PubMed and Embase databases to July 2020 was performed. LIPUS has many effects on stem cells. Studies show that LIPUS can stimulate stem cells in vitro; promote stem cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration; maintain stem cell activity; alleviate the problems of insufficient seed cell source, differentiation, and maturation; and circumvent the low efficiency of stem cell transplantation. The mechanisms involved in the effects of LIPUS are not fully understood, but the effects demonstrated in studies thus far have been favorable. Much additional research is needed before LIPUS can progress from basic science research to large-scale clinical dissemination and application.
Drug Prescribing Trends and Safety Profile in Pediatric Care
Authors: Fathima Farangipet , Palatty Princy Louis , Mamatha Jayachandran , Thunga Chennakeshava , Mithotti Nizam , Kalekhan Faizan , Baliga Manjeshwar Shrinath
Published: April 2021

Background:

Globally, pharmacovigilance, rationality of drug prescription studies, and adverse drug reaction (ADR) in children affected with ailments are an understudied topic. Children are a vulnerable age group and reports suggest that over 10% of hospitalized have adverse reactions to therapy and up to 2.9% of all hospital admissions are the consequence of ADRs. In lieu of these observations, the present study was undertaken in a tertiary care hospital to ascertain the bad prescribing habits and ADR in children.

Methodology:

This was a prospective study and was carried out in the department of pediatrics at a tertiary care hospital for 6 months. The prescription orders of the children on medical treatment for various common ailments were analyzed. The drug prescribing pattern, safety profile of the drug/s alone and in combination was analyzed in accordance with the standard pharmacovigilance method.

Results:

In the study, a total number of 212 drugs were prescribed for 646 study participants. Most of the study participants were male child, and respiratory infection was the prevalent ailment affecting the children during the study period. With regard to the drug prescription, the average number of drugs per prescription was 3.96. Drugs prescribed by generic name were 6.9%, while 97.21% of the drugs prescribed were observed to be essential for the medical condition. Among the classes of drugs prescribed, antipyretics and antibiotics were the major classes of drugs administered in children admitted in inpatients facility, while among the outpatients (OPs), respiratory drugs and antipyretics were the most common prescribed drugs. Most importantly, polypharmacy was common in inpatients compared to OPs and also that 5.1% had some form of ADR.

Conclusion:

The present study showed rational prescribing pattern but poor standard pharmacovigilance technique.
Audit of Infection and Antimicrobial Drug Resistance Pattern in Bacterial Infections in Road Traffic Accident Survivors
Authors: Geevarughese Nikku Mathew , Suresh Siddhant , Pai Ramakrishna Jakribettu , Mathew Jeffy Mary , Suresh Sucharita , Baliga Manjeshwar Shrinath
Published: April 2021

Background:

In countries like India, road traffic accident (RTA) associated morbidity and mortality is rising in alarming rate and is major concern of public health. Around 80% of the late deaths in trauma patients are due to infection. This study was undertaken to study the profile of infection and drug resistance pattern of bacterial infection in RTA survivors.

Materials and Methods:

This was a retrospective study and was conducted at a tertiary care hospital with documented evidence of infection from the hospital records. The demographic details of the patient, details of injury and the pathogens causing infections with drug resistance patterns were studied.

Results:

A total of 163 patients were accrued and the majority of the patients were male (140, 85%) and around 66% belonged to the working age group, i e., 20–50 years. Most of the patient's were treated by orthopedics and surgery departments, 72% and 20%, respectively. The majority of the patients had wound infection followed by Urinary tract infection. Among the Gram-negative pathogens, Escherichia coli and Citrobacter species were the common pathogens; and among Gram-positive organisms, Enterococcus species and Staphylococcus aureus. Most of the pathogens were resistant to commonly used presurgical prophylactic antibiotics such as ampicillin, cefuroxime, and ciprofloxacin.

Conclusion:

The bacterial profile of the pathogens causing infection in RTA survivors may vary among different institutions. Therefore the antibiogram of these pathogens needs to be studied and analyzed by each medical facility attending to RTA survivors to formulate policy for presurgical antibiotic prophylaxis.
Case Report: Incidental Finding of COVID-19 Infection after Positron Emission Tomography/CT Imaging in a Patient with a Diagnosis of Histoplasmosis and Recurring Fever
Authors: Stasiak Camila Edith Stachera , Nigri David Henrique , Cardoso Fabrícius Rocha , Mattos Raphael Santos de Almeida Rezende d , Gonçalves Martins Philippe Alcântara , Carvalho Alysson Roncally Silva , Altino de Almeida Sérgio , Rodrigues Rosana Souza , Rosado-de-Castro Paulo Henrique
Published: April 2021

This is a case report of a 37-year-old woman evaluated with 18F-fludeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission computed tomography/CT with recurrent fever after treatment with itraconazole for 6 weeks for histoplasmosis. The examination demonstrated a decrease in the dimensions of the pulmonary opacities previously identified in the left lower lobe and attributed to histoplasmosis. In addition to these pulmonary opacities, increased FDG uptake was also observed in lymph nodes present in the cervical region, mediastinum, left lung hilum, and hepatic hilum. Notably, other pulmonary opacities with ground-glass pattern that were not present in the previous computed tomography were detected in the right lower lobe, with mild 18F-FDG uptake. Nasal swab performed shortly after the examination was positive for COVID-19. In this case, the 18F-FDG positron emission computed tomography/CT study demonstrated findings consistent with active COVID-19 infection coexisting with inflammatory changes associated with histoplasmosis infection.
Repercusiones del tratamiento psicoterapéutico sobre indicadores psicosomáticos en el paciente en hemodiálisis
Authors: Salas Muñoz Rosa Mª , Fernández Jiménez Antonio José
Published: April 2021

Introducción: Aunque las relaciones psico-somáticas y los efectos del tratamiento psicológico en el desarrollo de enfermedades ha sido un tema de interés en las últimas décadas, no existen estudios con pacientes renales en hemodiálisis. Objetivo: Evaluar las repercusiones psicológicas y físicas de la aplicación de psicoterapia en el paciente renal en hemodiálisis. Material y Método: Estudio cuasi experimental. 39 personas recibieron atención psicológica entre 3 y 18 meses. Se les aplicaron los cuestionarios de depresión de Beck y Ansiedad-Rasgo antes y después del tratamiento con psicoterapia, y mientras duró dicho tratamiento también se registraron los valores de frecuencia cardiaca, tensión arterial, peso seco y ganancia hídrica inter-sesiones. Resultados: Tras el tratamiento psicológico los niveles de depresión descendieron en todos los pacientes excepto en aquellos con depresión leve, y en el caso de la ansiedad, tan sólo descendió en los pacientes con ansiedad elevada. La única variable fisiológica que mostró variaciones durante el tratamiento psicológico fue la ganancia hídrica inter-diálisis, que describió una tendencia lineal descendiente en 24 casos. Conclusiones: Las repercusiones del tratamiento psicológico pueden verse reflejadas en una variación de los niveles de ansiedad y depresión, así como en una disminución de las ganancias de líquido interdiálisis.
Vivencias del paciente renal en la transición de diálisis peritoneal a hemodiálisis: estudio fenomenológico
Authors: Fernández Díaz Reyes , Núñez Moral Miguel , Pelaéz Requejo Beatriz , Fernández Pérez Mónica , Rábano Colino Manuela
Published: April 2021

Introducción: El cambio de modalidad de dialítica evidencia un acontecimiento de gran estrés e incertidumbre cuando no es una transferencia deseada, y el cual se describe como un proceso de transición, donde la persona se mueve de un estado de la vida a otro, implicando el dominio de nuevos roles, conocimientos y habilidades para regresar al estado de equilibrio previo al cambio.
Objetivos: Describir la experiencia de los pacientes que transitan de diálisis peritoneal a hemodiálisis.
Material y Método: Estudio cualitativo, descriptivo, de orientación fenomenológica. Nueve informantes elegidos por muestreo de conveniencia fueron sometidos a entrevista semiestructurada en el domicilio. El desarrollo analítico resultó de un proceso deductivo-inductivo del que surgieron los ejes temáticos en los que se articuló la vivencia de los participantes. Se obtuvo la autorización del Comité Ético y los hallazgos fueron confirmados por los informantes.
Resultados: Emergieron 3 temas principales tales como, el significado de la experiencia de transición, las fases del proceso de la transición, y los cambios del ser en transición como fueron las modificaciones físicas, psíquicas, sociales y familiares.
Conclusiones: La transición de diálisis peritoneal a hemodiálisis se revela como una vivencia vulnerable que denota cambios en el estado de salud y en las relaciones de roles y habilidades, asimismo, requiere cambio en los patrones de comportamiento de los participantes y, por tanto, resulta en la necesidad de redefinir un sentido de sí mismos.
Nueva alternativa para evitar la retirada del catéter de hemodiálisis. Caso clínico
Authors: Crehuet Rodríguez Isabel , Ramírez Crehuet Marta , Bernárdez-Lemus María Albina , Toribio Manrique Beatriz , Gómez Giralda Belén
Published: April 2021

Una de las mayores complicaciones de la utilización de los catéteres venosos tunelizados para hemodiálisis son las infecciones, de las cuales las “tunelitis” o infección del túnel subcutáneo, en general conllevan la retirada del catéter.
Presentamos en el siguiente caso a una paciente de 81 años, pluripatológica y graves problemas de accesos vasculares en la que produjo una infección recurrente del túnel subcutáneo del catéter (tunelitis). Para evitar recambiar ese catéter, dado su buen funcionamiento y la enorme dificultad para conseguir un nuevo acceso vascular, se aplicó un tratamiento específico consistente en instilar en el túnel subcutáneo 500 mg de Vancomicina disuelta en suero salino mediante un Abbocath® nº 26, con el fin de impregnar los componentes del catéter. Un año después de este episodio el catéter se mantuvo funcionante sin signos de infección.
El trasplante renal de donante vivo: una opción terapéutica en Consulta de Enfermedad Renal Crónica Avanzada
Authors: García Martínez Marta , Calderari Fernández Elena , Sánchez Bercedo Sara , Martínez Alpuente Itziar , Valentín Muñoz María de la Oliva
Published: April 2021

En España se ha conseguido gestionar la donación de órganos a lo largo de los últimos 30 años, de manera más efectiva que en el resto de los países. Aun así, no hemos alcanzado la autosuficiencia.
La prevalencia de enfermedad renal en nuestro país para el año 2017 fue de 685 p.m.p. teóricamente el 22% de estos pacientes serán candidatos a trasplante renal, lo que supone una necesidad de 150 trasplantes renales p.m.p. En 2017, la lista de espera para trasplante renal albergaba a 7.211 pacientes, 3.269 consiguieron trasplantarse (332 de donante vivo), lo que suponen 70 trasplantes p.m.p. El porcentaje aumenta cuando hablamos de receptores jóvenes, ya que, el número de donantes mayores de 60 años supera el 50% del total. Así mismo, se observan notables diferencias en la distribución de actividad de trasplante renal de donante vivo por CCAA.
Con la donación renal de vivo, se pretende atender mejor las necesidades de la lista de espera para trasplante, reducir los tiempos de espera en general y aumentar la oferta de una excelente opción terapéutica, con mejores resultados en supervivencia y rehabilitación para el paciente, siendo actualmente una opción muy segura también para los donantes.
El abordaje de los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica debe plantearse desde el punto de vista multidisciplinar (enfermeras, nefrólogos, psicólogos y cirujanos), destacando el papel clave de la enfermera como gestora de cuidados, por la influencia que ejerce en su educación sanitaria y en la orientación terapéutica que se proporciona desde las consultas de enfermedad renal avanzada.
Análisis de la calidad de vida en pacientes con tratamiento renal sustitutivo: influencia de los parámetros analíticos y socio-clínicos
Authors: Sánchez González Juan Carlos , Barallat García Marta , Torres Paniagua Sara , Gaviro Matamoros Bárbara
Published: April 2021

Introducción: La enfermedad renal crónica es una enfermedad en crecimiento y un reto para los países desarrollados ya que produce un importante impacto en la calidad de vida de los pacientes, alterando las actividades cotidianas y provocando cambios en los aspectos físicos, emocionales y sociales. Objetivos: Evaluar la calidad de vida percibida por los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica sometidos a tratamiento renal sustitutivo con hemodiálisis o con diálisis peritoneal, y en qué medida son influenciados por los parámetros analíticos y socioclínicos. Material y Método: Estudio transversal en un grupo de pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en tratamiento con diálisis peritoneal y hemodiálisis, mediante la cumplimentación del cuestionario de Calidad de Vida en las Enfermedades Renales KDQOL-SF 36. Además se añadieron una serie de variables socioclínicas y parámetros de laboratorio para analizar su posible influencia en la calidad de vida. El análisis estadístico fue realizado con el software estadístico SPSS versión 22.0 para Windows. Resultados: En nuestra muestra observamos que los dominios de la calidad de vida peor valorados por los pacientes son la salud general, estrés por la enfermedad y rol físico; en cambio, los mejor valorados son el dolor corporal y la salud mental. También se halló mayor repercusión sobre algunos dominios de la calidad de vida si el paciente está en tratamiento con hemodiálisis, si dispone de fístula arteriovenosa como acceso, y cuanto más tiempo lleve en tratamiento renal sustitutivo, e incluso, si están alterados ciertos parámetros analíticos como el Ky/V, urea, potasio o hemoglobina. Conclusiones: El tratamiento renal sustitutivo con hemodiálisis o diálisis peritoneal genera un impacto enorme en la calidad de vida percibida por el paciente y se debe prestar especial atención a la idoneidad de la técnica elegida en cada momento, a la adecuación del acceso para diálisis, sin descuidar a los pacientes “veteranos” por el hecho de llevar mucho tiempo en tratamiento.
Enfermería Nefrológica y su posición en el SCimago Journal & Country Rank (SJR)
Authors: Crespo Montero Rodolfo
Published: April 2021

El SCImago Journal & Country Rank es el portal de evaluación de revistas científicas basado en la información contenida en la Base de Datos Scopus (Elsevier)1. La plataforma debe su nombre al SCImago Journal Rank (SJR) Indicator, desarrollado por el grupo de investigación Scimago. El indicador SJR se realiza sobre el cálculo de las citas recibidas por las revistas en un periodo de 3 años, otorgando un peso mayor a las citas procedentes de revistas de alto prestigio y restringe las autocitas para que sólo constituyan el 33% del cómputo2. Es decir, el SJR de 2018 corresponde a las citas recogidas en ese año, de los artículos publicados en los años 2015, 2016 y 2017. Ni que decir tiene que este índice es el más importante que recibe Enfermería Nefrológica a nivel internacional, dentro de la materia Enfermería y la categoría Enfermería Avanzada y Especializada.
Relación entre la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud y la ansiedad/depresión en pacientes en hemodiálisis crónica
Authors: Merino Martínez Rosa Mª , Morillo Gallego Noelia , Sánchez Cabezas Azahara Mª , Gómez López Victoria Eugenia , Crespo Montero Rodolfo
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la Calidad de Vida Relacionada con la Salud en pacientes hemodiálisis y su relación con la ansiedad y la depresión. Pacientes y Método: Se estudiaron 122 pacientes en hemodiálisis, con una edad de 66,47±14,2 años (34,4% mujeres). Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal, en el área de influencia del Servicio de Nefrología del Hospital Reina Sofía de Córdoba. Se estudió la Calidad de Vida Relacionada con la Salud (cuestionario KDQOL-SF), Ansiedad y Depresión (cuestionario Escala de Ansiedad y Depresión de Goldberg) y la comorbilidad asociada. Resultados: En el KDQOL, las dimensiones más afectadas fueron: Situación Laboral, Carga de la Enfermedad Renal, Función Sexual y Sueño. En las dimensiones del cuestionario SF, las áreas más afectadas fueron: Rol Físico, Salud General y Función Física. El 42,6% de los pacientes presentaron probabilidad de tener ansiedad, el 52,5% depresión, y el 32,8% presentaban la probabilidad de padecer ambas alteraciones (ansiedad y depresión). La ansiedad y la depresión se asociaron de forma significativa a peores puntuaciones en todas las dimensiones del cuestionario KDQOL-SF. Conclusiones: Los pacientes en hemodiálisis presentan peor calidad de vida que la población sana de referencia, especialmente en las dimensiones Carga de la enfermedad renal, Sueño, Salud general, Vitalidad, Función física y Rol físico. Esta disminución de la calidad de vida está relacionada con la probabilidad de padecer ansiedad y/o depresión. El sexo femenino, la comorbilidad asociada y el tiempo en hemodiálisis, se asocian también a peor calidad de vida.
Opinión de los pacientes tras un programa de ejercicio físico domiciliario
Authors: Junqué Jiménez Anna , Molina Moreno Yolanda , Fernández Parra Yolanda , Andreu-Periz Dolores , Segura Ortí Eva
Published: April 2021

Introducción. Las personas con enfermedad renal deben recibir una atención integral que incluya programas de ejercicio físico adaptado a sus necesidades. Objetivo. Evaluar la satisfacción de los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en estadios IV y V ante un programa de ejercicio físico domiciliario. Material y métodos. Estudio descriptivo transversal en pacientes que realizaron un programa completo de entrenamiento físico domiciliario de 12 semanas de duración. Tras esta intervención, respondieron de forma anónima a un cuestionario ad-hoc validado por expertos, sobre su opinión acerca del programa. Resultados. Participaron 62 pacientes. 24 estaban en programa de hemodiálisis, 17 en diálisis peritoneal y 7 en situación de enfermedad renal crónica estadio IV. 34 eran hombres. La edad media fue de 67,4±14,9 años. 52 pacientes realizaron el programa solos en su domicilio. 33 de los pacientes les pareció muy correcto que el programa fuera domiciliario, 15 correcto y 2 poco correcto. 47 de los participantes consideraron muy correcto que la persona que dirigiera el programa fuera una enfermera conocida. 19 consideró que tras el programa habían mejorado mucho, 14 que habían mejorado, 9 que habían mejorado poco y 3 que no habían mejorado. 39 estuvieron muy satisfechos de haber podido participar en el programa, 6 satisfechos, 1 poco satisfecho y 1 de los pacientes no estuvo satisfecho. No hubo diferencias significativas en las respuestas en relación al sexo, edad, tipo de tratamiento, o realizar el programa solo o acompañado. Conclusiones.
Valoración de los niveles de alexitimia en pacientes en hemodiálisis
Authors: Salas Muñoz Rosa Mª , López Morales Pilar , Fernández Jiménez Antonio José
Published: April 2021

INTRODUCCIÓN La alexitimia es una alteración del estado de ánimo que se manifiesta en forma de dificultad para tomar conciencia sobre los propios sentimientos y fantasías, así como para poder expresarlos verbalmente. Ha sido relacionada con el desarrollo de otras patologías y con la presencia de enfermedades crónicas. En el caso particular de la insuficiencia renal, se ha relacionado con una peor adherencia al tratamiento y mayor riesgo de mortalidad. Por ello, nos planteamos valorar su presencia en un grupo de pacientes en hemodiálisis en nuestro centro. MÉTODO Muestra de 63 pacientes en hemodiálisis, hombres y mujeres, con edades entre 22 y 83 años. Se recogió también el tiempo que cada uno llevaba en tratamiento en hemodiálisis. Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal con datos recogidos entre febrero y abril de 2019. Se aplicó individualmente la Escala de Alexitimia de Toronto. Se cuantificaron los valores de frecuencia para las puntuaciones obtenidas en el test y se realizaron comparaciones de medias para sexo, edad y tiempo en diálisis. RESULTADOS Encontramos que un 22,2% de la muestra (14 sujetos) muestra valores de alexitimia clínicamente relevantes. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en los puntajes de alexitimia según el sexo, edad o tiempo en diálisis. CONCLUSIONES Los hallazgos de este estudio permiten concluir que casi una cuarta parte de los pacientes en diálisis presenta alexitimia, alertando sobre la necesidad de que estas personas reciban tratamiento psicológico especializado.
The Negative Effects of The Corona 19 Pandemic on Islamic Economics and Current Livinghood: A Case Study of Maqasid Sharia
Authors: Mahmoud Edris Mahmoud Mohamed Ali
Published: April 2021

This research aims to shed light on the negative repercussions resulting from the Corona 19 pandemic, and its impact on the Islamic economy and the global living reality that has been affected by the terrible spread of this epidemic in the world, and the panic and fear it has caused to all people through the news seen and read in media channels and websites Social contact causing irreversible psychological damage. The study problem will address unemployment as an aggravating negative phenomenon facing the world. Many lost their jobs, and governments and private institutions were unable to compensate them. In order to get out of the crisis, the study indicated that people do the humanitarian work that must be done legally, which is standing next to other needy people with cooperation and cooperation, whether at the level of individuals or institutions. For the clarity of the method, this research will be conducted through the descriptive and analytical method, which will show whether the Corona epidemic is a disease caused by a viral infection or an economic game among adults. Finally, the most important results are sought from the reasons for choosing the topic. To arrange the paper, the researcher will deal with it through two axes: The first axis: deals with the negative repercussions of Corona and its impact on the Islamic economy and financial markets. The second axis: It deals with the psychological aspects of Corona and its role in society and the complexity of their living conditions, studying the purposes of the Sharia.
دفع التعارض بني النصوص: حديثا تصرف املرأة ف مال زوجها و خيار اجمللس، منوذجا
Authors: محمد البلوشي شهاب علي حسين , المجتبى بانقا أحمد
Published: April 2021

This research aims to clarify a recent concept of the majlis’s choice, and the woman’s disposition of her husband’s money without his permission, and they are: on the authority of the Prophet r, He said: “The two sales are by choice unless they are separated. On the authority of the Prophet Muhammad, he said: “If a woman spends from her husband’s earnings, other than his command, then he will have half his wages.” There is no doubt that the two hadiths appear to be problematic, so the study came to raise the problems mentioned about them, and to explain the scholars' approach to solving them, and the importance of this research is evident in knowing that the texts of the two revelations do not have a real contradiction in them, rather the contradiction is apparent, that is, by the beholder and the researcher, and so The texts of the two revelations are valid for every time and place, and they should not be discarded out of confusion. The scholars have explained the problems mentioned in the texts of the two revelations, and they have shown ways to counteract these problems and combine the texts of the two revelations. The researcher has followed the scientific methods in the research with the analytical method: by explaining and analyzing the hadiths contained in the research, with an explanation of the problems contained in them, and the critical approach: After analyzing and editing the texts, the researcher criticizes the problems that fall between the texts of the Sunnah in support of the words of the scholars. Among the findings of the researcher is that forms may occur between legal texts that he thinks are in conflict, or between text and consensus, analogy, history, or reason. And that combining evidence is more important than weighting, because it does not waste evidence. This is what the scholars have decided and followed in the research, provided that the gathering is not arbitrary and arrogant .