bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ESTRESSE EM PROFESSORAS DE UM CENTRO DE EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL
Authors: Ricardo Antonio José Fernandes , Amaral Adriele Domingos do , Hobold Márcia De Souza
Published: March 2019

Professores no Brasil têm suas condições de trabalho precárias, por falta de recursos, reconhecimento, intensidade de trabalho entre outras questões que levam a um desgaste emocional e físico causando seu adoecimento com mais facilidade. O estresse trata-se de um fator que afeta tanto a vida pessoal como profissional e pode ser o gerador de adoecimento físico e psíquico, como será apresentado neste artigo, que possui como objetivo central apresentar as causas do estresse em professoras de um Centro de Educação Infantil e sua implicação para o exercício do trabalho docente. O artigo agrega os resultados de uma pesquisa qualitativa, decorrente de uma minuciosa busca teórica sobre estresse na educação e consequências na saúde, observações participantes, além de dados de entrevista com quatro professoras que atuam em um Centro de Educação Infantil, localizado em uma cidade de Santa Catarina. Como método de análise de dados foi utilizada a análise em prosa (ANDRÉ, 1983), que prioriza o discurso livre dos entrevistados, ancorada no referencial teórico dos seguintes autores: Nassif (2010), Martins (2007), Gatti (2010), Witter (2003) entre outros, que discutem assuntos relacionados à educação, estresse e adoecimento de professores. Os resultados da pesquisa apontaram que o estresse gerado pelo trabalho ocorre devido a questões que envolvem as crianças (alunos do CEI) e as famílias e, que muitas vezes, o estresse provocado pelo envolvimento nestas questões acarreta contratempos, conflitos e, por consequência, adoecimento e exaustão física e psíquica. As professoras também relataram experiências estressantes vivenciadas em outros CEI’s em que atuaram.
Improving the Mechanical Properties of Fiber Metal Laminate Composite Used in Aircraft Wing
Authors: Kadum Ahmed Mohammad , Al-katawy Ali A. , Faris Saad T. , Kader Ehklas E.
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this study is to reduce weight and improve the mechanical properties of aircraft wing using Hybrid materials known as fiber metal laminates (FMLs). In this study, seven layers were used to produce the FMLs that consist of aluminum alloy2024-T3 reinforced by carbon and glass fibers bonded with blend of epoxy-resole. The Carbon Glass Reinforced Aluminum Laminates (CAGRALLs) was used as FMLs. The results showed that The CAGRALLs gave good mechanical properties because of increasing in tensile strength, elongation at fracture and impact toughness except flexural strength by comparing with other FMLs using commercial epoxy. The increasing in layers led to weaken adhesion force between layers of FMLs caused decreasing almost mechanical properties. The FMLs has good mechanical properties by using carbon and glass fibers by comparing with carbon and jute fibers. The CAGRALLs have higher numbers of cycles at failure under cyclic loadings than Aramid Reinforced Aluminum Laminates (ARALLs). The CAGRALLs have lower density by comparing with aluminum alloy 2024-T3 that used in manufacturing of aircraft wing.
Effectiveness of Glass Wastes as Powder on Some Hardened Properties of Concrete
Authors: Yassin Mohammed Maher , Mahmoud Akram Shakir , Hama Sheelan M.
Published: March 2019

This paper present glass waste material reusing in concrete as partial replacement of cement.  Some hardened properties like compressive and flexural strengths, modulus of elasticity and % absorption was made. The effect of glass powder on these properties was examined compared to reference specimens without glass powder. Five percentage was tested: 0%(reference), 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. From tests results one can conclude that replacing cement partially by glass powder enhanced strengths of concrete (compression and flexural) up to 20% replacing level Using glass powder as partial replacement of cement improved strengths and modulus of elasticity of concrete. The %absorption decrease with increasing of glass powder content. The results show that utilization of waste glass as powder in concrete can reduce amount of cement which save cost besides its environmental benefits.
Enhancement of Heat Transfer using Aluminum Oxide Nanofluid on Smooth and Finned Surfaces with COMSOL Multiphysics Simulation in Turbulent Flow
Authors: Majdi Hasan S. , Alabdly Hussein A. , Hamad Muayad F. , Hasan Basim Obaid , Hathal Mustafa M.
Published: March 2019

Both surface extension and nanofluid methods were used to enhance the heat transfer in a double pipe heat exchanger under turbulent flow conditions. Aluminum oxide nanoparticles were used with different concentrations(0.6-3 g/l)in hot water to increase the heat transfer rate on smooth tube and circular fins tube for a range of Reynolds number4240-19790. The simulation was also performed to predict the heat transfer coefficient and temperature profile for selected conditions in which COMSOL Multiphysics is used. The experimental results revealed that the heat transfer enhancement by both circular fin and nanofluid exhibited an increasing trend with Reynolds number and nanofluid concentration. The conjoint effect of Al2O3 of 3 g/l concentration and circular fin provided largest heat transfer enhancement of 53% for the highest Re investigated. Simulation results showed reasonable agreement with the experimental values of heat transfer coefficient. The simulation showed that the presence of nanofluid on finned surface influenced the temperature profile indicating the increased heat transfer rate.
Determinación de carga bacteriana y detección de bacterias con potencial patogénico a partir de muestras de filtros de aire acondicionado recolectadas en ambientes domésticos del noreste de México.
Authors: Cabrero-Martínez Omar Alejandro , Cruz-Pulido Wendy Lizeth , Sánchez-Pérez María Isabel , Lira-Porras Kristal , Heredia-Mireles Itzel Guadalupe , Bocanegra-García Virgilio
Published: March 2019

Los patógenos en aire pueden afectar la salud humana, no solo por infecciones, sino causando respuestas alérgicas o efectos tóxicos. Estos microorganismos pueden encontrar un ambiente ideal de desarrollo en unidades de aire acondicionado y aunque existen innovaciones para un flujo de aire más limpio y saludable, usuarios en países en desarrollo tienen modelos anteriores o carecen de una rutina de limpieza adecuada de filtros empleados, representando un peligro para poblaciones vulnerables que pasan mucho tiempo en ambientes climatizados. Por esto, nuestro objetivo fue detectar mediante métodos microbiológicos y moleculares la presencia de patógenos en muestras de Tamaulipas, México. Nuestros hallazgos muestran una carga bacteriana media superando las 2,300,000 UFC (unidades formadoras de colonia) /g, β-hemólisis en más del 20% de los cultivos en agar sangre, crecimiento en medios selectivos para Staphylococcus sp. y Enterobacteriaceae en más del 50% de las muestras, esta última confirmada por ensayos moleculares, los cuales también mostraron una baja prevalencia de genes relacionados con resistencia a antibióticos. Estos resultados nos indican que el polvo acumulado en las rejillas de aires acondicionados puede efectivamente ser reservorio de bacterias con capacidad patogénica
Evaluación del crecimiento radial sobre forraje de amaranto de hongos filamentosos aislados de hojas de café
Authors: Méndez-Arango María Fernanda , López-Sosa Daniel , Núñez-Gaona Oscar , García-Gómez María de Jesús
Published: March 2019

El forraje de amaranto puede utilizarse para producir moléculas con aplicaciones biotecnológicas debido a su composición química; esto podría brindar un valor agregado a este residuo, además de reducir la contaminación ambiental. La capacidad de algunos géneros de hongos filamentosos para producir enzimas lignocelulolíticas para la despolimerización de la biomasa vegetal está bien documentada. En este trabajo, se determinó la composición proximal de la harina de forraje de amaranto (HFA) hecha de tallos y hojas; se utilizó como sustrato para evaluar el crecimiento radial de cepas de hongos aisladas de las hojas de café. Las cepas fueron caracterizadas molecularmente. Los valores de la composición proximal de la HAF fueron: 10.41, 0.87, 12.46, 7.26, 68.89 y 34.35% de proteína, extracto de éter, ceniza, humedad, carbohidratos totales y fibra cruda, respectivamente. El análisis filogenético mostró 2 géneros principales: Aspergillus (oryzae y flavus) y Penicillium. A. oryzae mostró el mayor crecimiento radial en agar papa dextrosa (control) y en agar HFA. El resto de las cepas mostraron el menor crecimiento en ambos medios. Estos resultados sugieren que A. oryzae, aislada de las hojas de café, podría ser útil para la producción de enzimas lignocelulolíticas y que se podría usar HFA como sustrato para el crecimiento microbiano.
Imunoterapia no Cancro do Pulmão de Não Pequenas Células Doença Avançada: A Propósito de Dois Casos Clínicos
Authors: Fontes Raquel , Parente Bárbara , Lopes Maria Manuel , Monteiro Carolina
Published: March 2019

À luz dos conhecimentos atuais, o tratamento de imunoterapia no cancro do pulmão de não pequenas células doença avançada apresenta os melhores resultados nos doentes com expressão de programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) positiva.Apresentamos dois casos clínicos diferentes, ambos de sucesso: o primeiro referente a um doente do sexo masculino, 91 anos, com expressão de PD-L1 de 90% e com elevada taxa de resposta ao tratamento de imunoterapia com pembrolizumab na dose de 200 mg, a cada 3 semanas; no segundo caso trata-se de uma doente do sexo feminino, de 47 anos, com expressão de PD-L1 negativa e em que a imunoterapia foi usada como segunda linha, após se verificar progressão sob tratamento com quimioterapia, tendo-se verificado também neste caso uma resposta completa com o uso de atezolizumab, na dose de 1200 mg, a cada 3 semanas.
Opción preferencial por los jóvenes de las clases populares: la experiencia de la Universidad Salesiana de Bolivia (USB)
Authors: Chambi Zabaleta Willy W. , Murillo Estrada Ernesto
Published: March 2019

Un sujeto social en construcción, tanto en su integridad individual y grupal, con grupos de referencia concretos e imaginarios, es centro de las reflexiones políticas, económicas, sociales y educativas de un país, aunque las instituciones en la que éste se desenvuelve hagan poco por él. Hoy en día, los jóvenes representan un gran porcentaje de la población global total. Se estima que hay más de mil millones de jóvenes entre las edades de 15 a 24 años, constituyendo casi un quinto de la población mundial. En nuestro país, Bolivia, un poco más de dos millones se encuentra entre los 12 y 25 años, gran parte de ellos no encuentra una fuente de trabajo y tampoco un centro de estudios. Este grupo social conocido como los “ni-ni” (jóvenes que ni trabajan ni estudian) en Bolivia llegan a los 200 mil, pero, a diferencia de las grandes ciudades, adoptan esta situación no tanto por decisión propia, sino porque no encuentran una oportunidad. Es este panorama, se suma que estos jóvenes no tienen experiencia de trabajo ni formación o entrenamiento. Este contexto político, económico y social, sumado a los cambios de las últimas décadas, influye decisivamente en la conducta y decisiones de los jóvenes de nuestro país. Es en este conjunto de fenómenos interrelacionados que este artículo se propone profundizar.
The process of obtaining quartz sand size fraction -0.4 + 0.05 mm for use in water glass production
Authors: Mihajlović Slavica R. , Sekulić Živko T. , Blagojev Marina S. , Ignjatović Miroslav R.
Published: March 2019

The paper presents the process of quartz sand processing from the „Bijela Stijena“-Skočić deposit in the plant „Kesogradnja d.o.o.“ at Kozluk near Zvornik, Republic of Srpska. Bearing in mind the fact that this quartz sand is used for water glass production in the company „Birač“ - Zvornik or „Alumina“ Zvornik, it was necessary to meet the quality requirements prescribed by that industrial production. Thus, the required size was -0.4+0.05 mm and the Fe2O3 content was maximum of 0.04%. Based on the laboratory tests, a technological scheme for the quartz raw material valorization was conceived in the separation of the company „Kesogradnja d.o.o.“. The obtained results showed that quartz sand for water glass size fraction -0.4+0.05 mm could be obtained in the plant. Also, by introducing a magnetic concentration after washing and grading, the Fe2O3 content was reduced from 0.131% as it is in the initial sample to 0.038% which meets the required conditions from the water glass producers.
On the properties of hot forged Ti-6Al-4V alloy aimed for surgical implants
Authors: Mihailović Marija , Patarić Aleksandra
Published: March 2019

The investigation here is aimed to examine the structural and mechanical changes that might have occurred during the hot forging process, a process to obtain a surgical hip implant, and the subsequent heat treatment. Microstructural characterization, morphological and semi-quantitative chemical analyses have been accomplished using an optical and scanning electron microscope. Chemical analyses of all surfaces obtained by the dotted method in all analyzed samples have shown the approximate equal content of aluminum, titanium, vanadium, iron, and silicon. Tensile testing and measurements were following obtained microstructure, showing the uniformity of microstructure and properties along the forging part, as well as over its cross section. All tests proved that hot forging could be a suitable procedure for surgical implants processing.
Reading “KERESIJO WEKE” and other Designations of Tripods on Mycenaean Tablets
Authors: K. Kenanidis Ioannis
Published: March 2019

This work examines the designations for tripods on the tablets PY Ta 641-1952 and PY Ta 709+712, which have been puzzling and misinterpreted since their discovery until now. These tablets are examined in connection to each other, using a detailed etymological analysis, the common sense of accountants, and close observation of the sketches on the tablets. It is explained why the term “keresijo” has nothing to do with Crete and why “ai-ke-u” or “ai2-ke-u” as traditionally read on the tablets mentioned is not a personal name. The result is a translation given for the texts related to vessels and especially tripod cauldrons on these tablets.
Development and Application of Complete Equipment for High-speed Tunnel Boring and Bolting Machines
Authors: Xing Jinling
Published: March 2019

With the improvement of coal mining speed and mechanization level inChina, traditional tunnel boring methods can no longer meet the actualneeds. In order to solve the problems of low effciency, high labor intensity, slow tunnel boring speed, bad working environment and poor safetyin traditional tunnel boring, on the basis of analyzing the developmentand application of coal roadway tunnel boring equipment at home andabroad, complete equipment for high-speed tunnel boring and boltingmachines was developed by using the integrated technology of tunnelboring and bolting. The complete equipment for high-speed tunnel boring and bolting machines has the functions of tunnel boring and boltingsynchronization, once-tunneling, negative pressure dust removal, digitalguidance, independent cutting feed, digital cutting, safety monitoring anddata interaction, which has the advantages of safety in use, reliability andeffciency
Analysis of Urban Road Construction and Related Problems and Countermeasures
Authors: Ye Zhiqiang
Published: March 2019

With the rapid development of China’s economy, China’s urbanizationprocess is also accelerating, the municipal road as an important supporting force to accelerate the construction of urbanization is becomingmore and more important, corresponding, the city’s requirements on theroad is also gradually improving, the quality of the city road affects thedaily travel of urban residents. If the road design is not reasonable or theconstruction quality is not up to standard, it will bring great changes tothe urban residents. Therefore, urban road construction will face greaterchallenges in the future. This paper emphasizes the importance of roadconstruction quality, analyzes some common problems in urban road construction, and puts forward some solutions to the problems in urban roadconstruction
El tatuaje en el mundo contemporáneo: un recurso significante para la subjetividad individual
Authors: Querales Mendoza May-ek
Published: March 2019

En este documento se realiza un ejercicio de aproximación al esquema singular que conduce a algunas personas hacia la práctica del tatuaje, para ello se elige un grupo de supuestos del psicoanálisis para ubicar los procesos que permiten que el tatuaje participe de la construcción de la subjetividad individual. La propuesta aquí es que el tatuaje puede llegar a ser un eslabón dentro de una cadena más amplia de significantes, con lo cual se convierte en un mecanismo que soporta una búsqueda individual en la que el tatuaje puede posibilitar el desplazamiento de una metáfora.
Embodying Memory / Mnemonic’ Bodywriting: Como un tatuaje 20th Century Latinamerican Songs // Encarnación de la memoria / escritura mnemónica en el cuerpo: Como un tatuaje, canciones latinoamericanas del siglo XX
Authors: Bazán Bonfil Rodrigo
Published: March 2019

Porque al menos Sara Montiel, Los Tres Diamantes, Joan Sebastian, Cheo Feliciano, K Paz de la Sierra, Elvis Crespo y Espinosa Paz interpretan canciones en que el tatuaje es la metáfora guía, el presente trabajo analiza, primero, la forma en que ésta varía en función del contexto, y luego cómo a partir de ella se construye un imaginario amoroso latinoamericano que abarca la segunda mitad del siglo XX e interpela a la corporeidad como memoria.
Regions of anomalous geothermal fields in the State of Tocantins, Central Brazil
Authors: Descovi Patricia Lopes , Vieira Fábio Pinto
Published: March 2019

We report recent progress in determination of geothermal gradients and heat flow in the State of Tocantins, Central Brazil. This region lying between the Amazonas and Sao Francisco cratons has been affected by metamorphic folding events (Brasilia and Araguaia) during Proterozoic times. This area is also characterized by moderate micro-seismic seismic activity. Results of recent investigations have revealed the presence of several areas where geothermal gradients and heat flow have values higher than normal, which is considered atypical of stable tectonic settings. In southern parts of the State of Tocantins heat flow values are higher than 80 mW/m2. Extrapolations based on near surface heat flow data point to crustal temperatures in excess of 200°C at depths less than 5 km. However, there are no evidences of magmatic intrusions at shallow intra-crustal depths. In the absence of other geologic source mechanisms and tectonic events the process responsible for high heat flow has been postulated to be enhanced heat transport by carbonic gas flow in the upper crust. This possible alternative is supported by observations of carbonic gas flow at sites of thermal springs within the study area and also in geothermal areas in the neighboring state of Goiás. Model simulations of deep crustal geotherms indicate that temperatures may approach levels of partial fusion at the crust mantle boundary.
Thermomagnetic features of Pirapora region, central Brazil
Authors: Guimarães Suze Nei Pereira , Hamza Valiya M
Published: March 2019

We report results of a detailed analysis of aeromagnetic survey data of Pirapora region, situated in the São Francisco Craton region, central Brazil. The main residual anomaly is wide, spanning over an area of about 9000 square kilometers, and has a maximum intensity of ± 300 nT. The analytic signal of the anomaly is located between 44.5°and 45.5° W and between 16.5° and 18.5 S and has a maximum value of about 0.028 nTm-1. Results of spectral analysis, based on matched bandpass filtering method, indicate that the anomaly is composed of signals arising from three different layers. The top layer is at depth shallower than 5 km while the intermediate one extends from 5 to 15 km depth. The bottom of deepest magnetic layer extends over depths varying from 20 to 55 km. Along an east-west belt, south of Pirapora anomaly, the depth to bottom of magnetized crust is less than 35 km and comparable to the thickness of the local crust obtained in seismic surveys. However, the thickness of the magnetized crust can exceed 35 km to the north and to the south of the Pirapora anomaly. This implies that the top layer of the mantle itself is magnetized. Results of geothermal model studies indicate Curie isotherm of 580oC may lie at depths greater than 35 km, along wide sections of the Pirapora region, within the São Francisco Craton.
Editorial to the second issue of “International Journal of Terrestrial Heat Flow and Applied Geothermics”
Authors: Hamza Valiya , Gomes Jorge
Published: March 2019

Editorial
An occupational Health and Safety for Agriculture Sector
Authors: Yadav Rupinderjit , Mohan Amrita
Published: March 2019

This study has been investigated the studies on occupational health and safety in Agriculture Sector. The national and worldwide examinations occupational health and safety in horticulture have been distinguished, the available ones have been researched, condensed and surveyed. The appraisals reasoned that most of the horticulture related word related mishaps are because of tractor mishaps and tractor mishaps for the most part happen due to over-turning of tractors. The vast majority of the tractor mishaps are deadly. Word related mishaps in rural part are expanding with the ascending of horticultural motorization level and this negatively affects the occupational health and safety of the workers. Accordingly, word related occupational health and safety in farming division is a zone that has a ton of opportunity to get better and giving in-administration preparing and proceeding with the endeavors in the region of word related occupational health and safety is profoundly critical for conveying the word related mishaps to a base dimension. Moreover, the coordinated effort between open establishments, NGO's (Non-Governmental Organizations) and colleges need to proceed concerning occupational health and safety. Available online at https://int-scientific-journals.com
Evaluation of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and multispectral imaging as means of estimating the microbiological spoilage of farmed sea bream
Authors: Fengou Lemonia-Christina , Lianou Alexandra , Tsakanikas Panagiotis , Eleni N. Gkana  , Panagou Efstathios Z. , Nychas George-John E.
Published: March 2019

The objective of the present study was the evaluation of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR)spectroscopy and multispectral imaging (MSI), in tandem with multivariate data analysis, asmeans of estimating the microbiological quality of sea bream. Farmed whole ungutted fishwere stored aerobically at 0, 4 and 8 °C. At regular time intervals, fish samples (i.e. cutportions) were analysed microbiologically, while FTIR and MSI measurements also wereacquired at both the skin and flesh sides of the samples. Partial least squares regression(PLSR) models were calibrated to provide quantitative estimations of the microbiologicalstatus of fish based on spectral data, in a temperature-independent manner. The PLSR modelbased on the FTIR data of fish skin exhibited good performance when externally validated,with the coefficient of determination (R2) and the root mean square error (RMSE) being0.727 and 0.717, respectively. Hence, FTIR spectroscopy appears to be promising for therapid and non-invasive monitoring of the microbiological spoilage of whole sea bream. Onthe other hand, the performance of the MSI models was not satisfactory. Nonetheless, assuggested by model optimization results, MSI may also provide useful information withregard to fish microbiological quality, with its definite competence warranting furtherinvestigation.
Double Slit Experiment with Microorganisms
Authors: Taylor John joseph
Published: March 2019

A double slit experiment involving microorganisms is proposed. In addition an experiment testing whether the decisions of living organisms are quantum mechanical(in this case microorganisms) is discussed.
ANALISIS RASIO KEUANGAN DALAM MEMPREDIKSI PERTUMBUHAN LABA PADA PERUSAHAAN KOSMETIK DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA (BEI)
Authors: sunreni
Published: March 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Current Ratio (CR), Profit Margin (PM), Total Assets Turnover (TAT) berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan laba pada perusahaan kosmetik di Bursa Efek Indonesia baik secara parsial maupun simultan. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan perusahaan yang diteliti. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitan ini yaitu dengan menggunakan riset pustaka. Metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukka bahwa: 1) Debt to Equity Ratio tidak berpengaruh terhadap Pertumbuhan Laba karena nilai t hitung sebesar 0,575 lebih kecil dari t tabel sebesar 2,039 dan nilai sig sebesar 0,57 lebih besar dari 0,05. 2) Current Ratio tidak berpengaruh terhadap Pertumbuhan Laba karena nilai t hitung sebesar 0,103 lebih kecil dari t tabel sebesar 2,039 dan nilai sig sebesar 0,918 lebih besar dari 0,05. 3) Profit Margin berpengaruh terhadap Pertumbuhan Laba karena nilai t hitung sebesar 2,595 lebih besar dari t tabel sebesar 2,039 dan nilai sig sebesar 0,015 lebih kecil dari 0,05. 4) Total Assets Turnover tidak berpengaruh terhadap Pertumbuhan Laba karena nilai t hitung sebesar -0,917 lebih kecil dari t tabel sebesar 2,039 dan nilai sig sebesar 0,168 lebih besar dari 0,05. 5) Debt to Equity Ratio, Current Ratio, Profit Margin dan Total Assets Turnover tidak berpengaruh terhadap Pertumbuhan Laba karena nilai F hitung sebesar 2,783 lebih kecil dari F tabel sebesar 4,16 dan nilai sig sebesar 0,045 lebih kecil dari 0,05. Adapun saran yang diberikan berkaitan dengan berpengaruhnnya Profit Margin terhadap Pertumbuhan Laba perusahaan kosmetik yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Diharapkan perusahaan kosmetik yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia meningkatkan Profit Margin dengan cara meningkatkan penjualan dan meminimalisir laba. Peningkatan rasio Profit Margin akan meningkatkan pertumbuhan laba perusahaan kosmetik yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia sehingga menarik lebih banyak investor untuk berinvestasi pada perusahaan tersebut.
The social psychology of whistleblowing: An integrated model
Authors: Anvari Farid , Wenzel Michael , Woodyatt Lydia , Haslam S. Alex
Published: March 2019

Whistleblowing is the disclosure of ingroup wrongdoing to an external agency and can have important functions for the regulation of moral and legal conduct. Organizational research has focused largely on the impact of individual and organizational factors, while overlooking the role of group memberships and associated social identities. Further, social psychologists have so far paid little attention to this phenomenon, or else have tended to subsume it within analysis of dissent. To address these lacunae, we present a psychological model of whistleblowing that draws on social identity theorizing (after Tajfel & Turner, 1979). This model describes when and how social identities and different forms of power motivate group members to respond to ingroup wrongdoing by engaging in whistleblowing. Our review of the literature points to the model’s ability to integrate existing evidence while providing direction for future research. We also discuss the model’s capacity to inform whistleblowing policy and procedures.
Bayesian Multivariate Mixed-Effects Location Scale Modeling of Longitudinal Relations among Affective Traits, States, and Physical Activity
Authors: Williams Donald Ray , Liu Siwei , Martin Stephen Ross , Rast Philippe
Published: March 2019

Intensive longitudinal studies and experience sampling methods are becoming more common in psychology. While they provide a unique opportunity to ask novel questions about within-person processes relating to personality, there is a lack of methods specifically built to characterize the interplay between traits and states. We thus introduce a Bayesian multivariate mixed-effects location scale model (M-MELSM). The formulation can simultaneously model both personality traits (the location) and states (the scale) for multivariate data common to personality research. Variables can be included to predict either (or both) the traits and states, in addition to estimating random effects therein. This provides correlations between location and scale random effects, both across and within each outcome, which allows for characterizing relations between any number personality traits and the corresponding states. We take a \textit{fully} Bayesian approach, not only to make estimation possible, but also because it provides the necessary information for use in psychological applications such as hypothesis testing. To illustrate the model we use data from 194 individuals that provided daily ratings of negative and positive affect, as well as their psychical activity in the form of step counts over 100 consecutive days. We describe the fitted model, where we emphasize, with visualization, the richness of information provided by the M-MELSM. We demonstrate Bayesian hypothesis testing for the correlations between the random effects. We conclude by discussing limitations of the MELSM in general and extensions to the M-MELSM specifically for personality research.
Immigration and the decline in adolescent binge drinking
Authors: Rogne Adrian F. , Pedersen Willy , Bakken Anders
Published: March 2019

Background: Adolescent alcohol consumption has fallen in most Western countries over the past two decades, while immigrants and children of immigrants from low-consumption countries constitute a growing proportion of teenagers in many Western nations. We investigate the extent to which immigrants and children of immigrants have contributed to the decline in adolescent heavy episodic drinking in Oslo, the capital of Norway.Methods: We use repeated cross-sectional survey data on adolescents in grades 9-11 in Oslo (aged around 14–16, N = 54,474) from 1996 to 2018. We use data on heavy episodic drinking/intoxication in the past 12 months (dichotomized), immigrant background, sex and grade. We decompose the trend into components attributable to changes in the demographic composition of the adolescent population (by immigrant background, grade and sex), and to changes in drinking patterns within different groups. Confidence intervals (CIs) are obtained by bootstrap resampling.Results: The proportion of adolescents with immigrant backgrounds increased from 21% to 35% over the time span. The proportion reporting having been intoxicated fell from 42% to 25%. Most of the decline stems from reduced heavy episodic drinking in the majority population, accounting for 70.8% of the reduction (95% CI: 67.5–74.2). The increased proportion of adolescents with an immigrant background accounts for 21.4% of the decline (95% CI: 19.2–23.8).Conclusions: An increasing proportion of immigrants and children of immigrants with low alcohol consumption explains one-fifth of the decline in the prevalence of adolescent heavy episodic drinking in Oslo.
A Clinico-Demographic Profile of Acute Encephalitis Syndrome and its Outcome Among Children
Authors: Shrestha Shova , Gupta Veena
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (AES) is defined as acute onset of fever and a change in mental status and/or new onset of seizures in a person of any age, in any geographical region, at any time of year. It may be due to viral or bacterial etiology. Dysfunction of motor system and mental retardation are common complications.

Methods: A prospective cross-sectional hospital based study was done among children from 1 month to 15 years of age admitted with diagnosis of AES from October 2014 to October 2015. The clinical details and reports of CSF analysis were recorded and analyzed.

Results: Out of 70 patients of AES admitted, 40 (57.10%) were male and 30 (42.90%) were female.  The highest number of cases were in age group of 6-10 years i.e. 26(37.2%); whereas 20 (28.5%) were 11-15 years, 17(24.30%) were among 2-5 years and 7(10%) were below 2 years. The patients were predominantly from Far- Western and Mid-Western region of Nepal. The maximum AES cases were of farmers of lower education level from rural area with low socio economic group and were reported during monsoon. The clinical profiles of AES were fever, altered sensorium and convulsion followed by irritability, headache, vomiting, lethargy, photophobia and ear discharge. 50 patients had AES with viral origin including nine were Japanese Encephalitis and 41 were Viral with unknown etiology whereas 20 were of Bacterial origin which includes 15 were Bacterial (septic) meningitis and five of Tubercular meningitis. Three children (4.3%) died with diagnosis of viral encephalitis. 29 (41.4%) had complete recovery and 15 (21.4%) had partial recovery, nine (12.9%) went LAMA (left against medical advice) and 14 (20%) were DOPR (discharge on patient request).  The partially recovered patients had sequelae of motor system dysfunction and mental retardation.

Conclusion: Acute encephalitis syndrome is a medical emergency in which early detection and treatment is very essential and remains a serious threat to global health, especially in the developing countries.
Evaluation of Visual Function Test of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy After Intravitreal Bevacizumab
Authors: Shrestha Chunu , Shrestha Sabina , Manoranjan Aparajita
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is a condition of unknown origin characterised by a serous detachment of the macula, affecting young healthy adults mostly men between the age of 20- 50 years. It is postulated to occur secondary to a leak from the choriocapillaries through the Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE). This study was carried out to evaluate the visual function test of CSCR after intravitreal Bevacizumab.

Methods: This is a hospital based, prospective, interventional, non-comparative study conducted in a tertiary level eye hospital in Nepal from 2016 January to 2017 January. The study included 15 eyes of 15 patients with chronic CSCR, All patients were injected with intravitreal Avastin (IVA) 1.25 mg (0.05 mL). At baseline and follow up visits, patients had contrast sensitivity, stereopsis, colour vision, BCVA, IOP assessment, FFA, dilated fundus examination, and OCT imaging was used for measurement of central macular thickness.

Results: The mean age of patients was 35 years (26–47 years), 12 (80%) patients were males and three (20%) were females. 13 out of 15 subjects received one injection while the remaining two cases had two injections. All eyes had gained two or more lines improvement in BCVA at the end of follow up. The mean baseline CRT for all patients was 533 ±79.5 lm (range, 412–677), decreased to 253± 39.2 lm (range, 192–343) after three months with statistically significant (p <0.001 Wilcoxon sign rank test). Contrast sensitivity by Wilcoxon sign rank test was statistically significant with p value 0.003.

Conclusions: Bevacizumab was associated with visual function improvement and reduced neurosensory detachment without adverse events in patients with CSCR.
Association of Socio-Demographic Profile with Prevalence of Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis among Retreated Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in North India
Authors: Chaudhary A. , Mahmood T. , Shukla A.D. , Shreenivasa A. , Arvind Verma , Ahmad K. , Verma A.
Published: March 2019

Methods: An observational cross sectional study, which includes 116 patients of sputum smear positive pulmonary TB of age 18 or above. Further, detailed history taking regarding different demographic profile was done. Also, they were subjected to CB-NAAT and rifampicin resistant cases were considered as MDR-TB.

Results: Proportion of MDR-TB was 31.89% among retreatment TB cases. 56.75 % (n=21) of MDR-TB cases were between the age group of 21-40 years. Proportion of MDR-TB was higher among males (75.67%), married (59.45%) and rural dwellers 59.45%. Proportion was 61.76% among patients with BMI <16; 31.57% with BMI 16-16.99, 28.57% with BMI 17-18.49 and 5.7% with BMI 18.50-24.99. MDRTB proportion was less 29.72% (n=11) in patients with history of TB contact in family. Pulmonary TB including MDR-TB was more common among illiterates (37.83% among MDR).

Conclusion: Proportion of MDR-TB was high among retreatment cases in north India. Among them low BMI and education status are modifiable factor and this study signifies that MDR-TB burden can be reduced by improving health and education status of patient.
Influence of rolling texture on near-threshold crack extension behavior in aluminum alloy EN AW-6082
Authors: Wicke Marcel , Brückner-Foit Angelika , Kirsten Tina , Zimmermann Martina , Bülbül Fatih , Christ Hans-Jürgen
Published: March 2019

The near-threshold crack extension mechanisms of long cracks in a commercial aluminum alloy in peak-aged and overaged condition were evaluated at a stress ratio of R = −1. Tests were performed both in a conventional resonant testing machine, using flat dog-bone specimens with through-wall cracks and on an ultrasonic fatigue testing system using hourglass-shaped samples with surface cracks. After introducing the initial crack, the crack was propagated at a nominally constant Kmax with values in the range of the initially determined threshold. The primary precipitates were found to act as microstructural barriers causing a local pinning of the crack front independent of the testing procedure and hence keeping the crack from extending continuously. This effect depends on the orientation of the initial crack with respect to the rolling texture which, in turn, determines the spatial distribution of the primary precipitates and the grain morphology. Overaging had a tendency to enhance the pinning potential of the primary precipitates.
Mechanical properties of electro and butt fusion welded high-density polyethylene pipes
Authors: Alkaki Soran Saleem , Kaman Mete Onur
Published: March 2019

Electrofusion welding and butt fusion welding are common methods for joining polyethylene pipes used for water and gas distribution. Because of the wide use of these two methods in infrastructure engineering, welded pipe joints and pipe materials should be examined with the intent of reducing errors in projects. The purpose of this study is to increase knowledge of electrofusion and butt fusion welding methods and examine them in order to establish which offers the best performance for a specific engineering service project. Tensile and hydrostatic pressure tests are performed on un-welded and welded pipes for high-density polyethylene pipes. Additionally, a numerical analysis of the experimental results is conducted by employing the ANSYS program for tensile test samples. In tensile tests, according to the maximum average load, electrofusion welding values are larger than those of butt fusion welding and the elongations of the un-welded pipe at the fracture in butt fusion welding are greater than in electrofusion welding. For short-term hydrostatic pressure tests, the resistance in butt fusion welding for defects of roundness and alignment is better than that of electrofusion welding.
Effects of ultrasonic welding parameters for solar collector applications
Authors: Yeniyil Emre , Boga Cem , Esme Ugur
Published: March 2019

Today, ultrasonic welding is used in many different areas due to ease of application compared to other welding methods. Computer, electric, automotive and aerospace industries are the leading areas for these applications. With its ability to easily join materials like Al, Cu, Ni, ultrasonic welding has become a preferred method for use in the welding of solar collectors which are components in solar energy systems. The system parameters for welding solar collectors must of course be adjusted according to the properties of the materials used so that the heat transfer between specimens is not affected. In this study, the selective coated plate and the heat carrier pipes of solar collectors were welded using ultrasonic seam welding, and the optimum welding parameters were determined according to the Cu-DHP copper alloy used. For this purpose, copper specimens were welded using welding speeds of 4, 8, 12 and 16 m × min−1 and amplitudes of 4, 5 and 6 μm, while pressure and frequency values were fixed. The shear strength values of these welded specimens were calculated, and images of the weld areas were obtained with the help of a scanning electron microscope. Through hardness measurements made on the interfacial region of the welds, it was concluded that optimal welding performance was obtained at an amplitude of 4 μm and a welding speed of 12 m × min−1. At these parameters, a mean shear strength value of 0.1386 MPa and a mean hardness value of 112 HV were measured.
Influence of in-situ Al2O3 content on mechanical properties of Al2O3 reinforced Fe–Cr–Ni alloys
Authors: Chen Chang , Shi Sitao , Guo Zheng , Li Guoxin , Wu Yonghua , Su Mingzhou , Wang Huimeng
Published: March 2019

In-situ Al2O3 (14.8–31.3 wt.%) reinforced Fe–Cr–Ni alloys were prepared using reactive hot pressing at a temperature of 700°C and pressure of 30 MPa for 2 h. X-ray diffraction showed that the obtained metal matrix composites (MMCs) mainly comprised Al2O3, Fe–Cr and Cr0.7Fe0.36Ni2.9 phases. Vickers hardness values of the composites with varying Al2O3 contents were all around 4.28 GPa. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that the Al2O3 particles in the MMCs (with Al2O3 content of 14.8 wt.%) were ultrafine and uniformly distributed. Moreover, the metal matrix composite with 14.8 wt.% Al2O3 exhibited the highest values of fracture toughness and bending strength, which were 15.2 MPa · m1/2 and 529 MPa, respectively.
Effect of thermomechanical treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of an ultrafine grained steel using bainite starting microstructure
Authors: Gostariani Reza , Kermanpur Ahmad , Najafizadeh Abbas
Published: March 2019

The cold rolling and subsequent annealing of microstructures with a high percentage of bainite is one of the promising thermomechanical treatments for grain refinement in low-alloy steels. In this research, the bainite microstructure was formed in the steel DIN 1.5715 by austenitizing at 1143 K followed by quenching in a salt-bath at 688 K. The specimens were then cold rolled to 90 % reduction in thickness followed by annealing at 773–923 K for different times. An ultrafine grained ferrite microstructure was developed possessing the best strength–ductility balance after 90 % cold rolling followed by annealing at 923 K for 2 400 s.
Effect of pre-rafting on creep properties of Ni-based single crystal superalloy
Authors: Gan Wenyan , Wen Zhixun , Pei Haiqing , Zhang Yamin , Gao Hangshan
Published: March 2019

Uniaxial tension creep tests were carried out along the [001] direction for as-heat treated Ni-based single crystal superalloy with cubic γ′ phase and pre-rafting samples with N-type rafted γ′ phase at 980 °C and 300 MPa. By comparing the differences in the creep curves between the as-received and pre-rafting samples, the influence of pre-rafting on creep properties was studied. It was demonstrated that the sample with the cubic γ′ phase exhibited a lower creep rate and a longer rupture life compared to the rafted γ′ phase. This paper discusses the evolution of the microstructure, especially the matrix channel width. The influence of rafting on creep deformation was incorporated into the modified crystal plasticity model via the dependence of the Orowan stress on the matrix channel width. Finite element calculation was performed to predict the creep behavior, which agreed well with the experimental data.
Analysis of two AL-amyloidosis cases reporters (own observations)
Authors: Shekhovtseva T. G. , Dolinna M. A.
Published: March 2019

Abstract. According to current presentations, primary AL-amyloidosis (AL-A) and multiple myeloma, associated and not associated with AL-A, are considered as a part of uniform β-lymphocytic dislocation that is characterized by proliferation of abnormal clone of plasma or β-cells in the bone marrow with excess production of monoclonal immunoglobulins.

Objective: to describe our own observations of patients with AL-A, which is an example of complexity of the disease diagnostics, due to the polymorphism of clinical picture and need for immunological verification.

It was presented 2 cases of late AL-A diagnostics. Amyloid depositing in different organs determined the diversity of clinical manifestations. AL-A had a consistently progressive character with the gradual involvement of various organs and systems. Results: case 1 demonstrated AL-A with damage of kidneys, heart, liver, spleen, lungs, pleura and subsequent development of ischemic stroke. In the second case AL-amyloidosis with damage of heart, kidneys, lungs, tongue and skin was diagnosed. The severity of the patient's condition was due to severe nephrotic syndrome. AL-A is a serious disease that leads to a lethal end if treatment is not timely. Our observations demonstrate the complexity of AL-A diagnostics, which requires the collaboration of doctors of various profiles.

Modern morphological diagnostics of amyloidosis involves not only detection but also mandatory amyloid typing, which determines further therapeutic tactics. Diagnostics of AL-A diagnosis should be based on the morphological study results. The final diagnosis of amyloidosis is established after congolic masses detecting. Biopsy of the affected organ is the most effective diagnostic method. When there is a nephrotic syndrome, kidney biopsy is most appropriate, because amyloid will be detected in 80% of AL-A. The most effective method for AL-A typing is an immunohistological study using the immunoglobulin light chains antisera.
A Time-Lag Study of the Effect of Organisational Capital on Innovation in Australia SMEs
Authors: Khan Yasmin Kamall
Published: March 2019

This study explores the strategic links between organisational capital and innovation performance in Australian SMEs. This study classified organisational capital as information technology as per hardware and software; and equipment or machinery that was applied in the firm. A sample involving SME from various industries was adapted from the Business Longitudinal Database (BLD) from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS). The analyses validate that information technology capabilities is essential for achieving innovation performance. However the relationship decline over time for different type of innovation. Thus, SME managers should be carefully in investing in appropriate information technology in order to facilitate innovation in their firm.

 Key Words: SMEs, Organisational capital, Innovation, Australia