bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evolution of the firn pack of Kaskawulsh Glacier, Yukon: meltwater effects, densification, and the development of a perennial firn aquifer
Authors: Ochwat Naomi E. , Marshall Shawn J. , Moorman Brian J. , Criscitiello Alison S. , Copland Luke
Published: April 2021

Abstract. In spring 2018, two firn cores (21 and 36 m in length)
were extracted from the accumulation zone of Kaskawulsh Glacier, St. Elias
Mountains, Yukon. The cores were analyzed for ice layer stratigraphy and
density and compared against historical measurements made in 1964 and 2006.
Deep meltwater percolation and refreezing events were evident in the cores,
with a total ice content of 2.33±0.26 m in the 36 m core and liquid
water discovered below a depth of 34.5 m. Together with the observed ice
content, surface energy balance and firn modelling indicate that Kaskawulsh
Glacier firn retained about 86 % of its meltwater in the years 2005–2017.
For an average surface ablation of 0.38 m w.e. yr−1 over this period,
an estimated 0.28 m w.e. yr−1 refroze in the firn, 0.05 m w.e. yr−1 was retained as liquid water, and 0.05 m w.e. yr−1 drained or
ran off. The refrozen meltwater is associated with a surface lowering of
0.73±0.23 m between 2005 and 2017 (i.e., surface drawdown that has
no associated mass loss). The firn has become denser and more ice-rich since
the 1960s and contains a perennial firn aquifer (PFA), which may have
developed over the past decade. This illustrates how firn may be evolving in
response to climate change in the St. Elias Mountains, provides firn density
information required for geodetic mass balance calculations, and is the
first documented PFA in the Yukon–Alaska region.
Muskrat of Yakutia
Authors: Sedalishchev V.T. , Odnokurtsev V.A.
Published: April 2021

Muskrat is an alien species for Yakutia, it appeared as a result of acclimation and quickly adapted: by the mid-90s of the last century it had inhabited all habitable reservoirs and became a key fur-harvesting species which ranks second after sable.During theadaptation process of the muskrat to the new climatic conditions of Yakutia, muskrats underwent some morphological, physiological and ecological changes.An importantecological feature of the Yakutian muskrat is the construction of a large number of forage huts and “vents” that it uses during long wintering, and as a result of a long-er period of existence under the ice and daily gnawing of a hole in the forage huts, the length of its facial part of the skull slightly decreased. Overwintered females during the breeding season can bring only 1-2 broods and this is less than in other parts of the range, but the muskrat is mostly infected by the trematode Quinqueserialis quinqueseriales of American origin, which was brought with the own-er during acclimation. Key words: Yakutia, muskrat, muskrat’s acclimation, muskrat’s adaptation, muskrat’s broods, helminthes.
DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DAN PENGETAHUAN DENGAN KEPATUHAN PEMBATASAN CAIRAN PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIK
Authors: Ningrum Windy Astuti Cahya , Drajat M Rafiud , Imardiani Imardiani
Published: April 2021

Latar Belakang: Kegagalan fungsi ginjal dalam mempertahankan metabolisme keseimbangan cairan dan elektrolit merupakan kondisi yang dialami oleh pasien gagal ginjal kronik, keadaan ini mengakibatkan pasien perlu untuk mengontrol asupan cairan guna membantu mengurangi beban kerja ginjal dalam memproses cairan. Pembatasan cairan merupakan salah satu intervensi atau terapi dan faktor penting dalam menentukan keberhasilan terapi pasien gagal ginjal kronik, sehingga dibutuhkan kepatuhan pasien dalam terapi tersebut. Pengetahuan keluarga dan dukungan keluarga merupakan faktor yang dapat meningkatkan kepatuhan pasien dalam menjalani pembatasan cairan. Tujuan Penelitian: Mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan dukungan keluarga dengankepatuhan pembatasan cairan pasien gagal ginjal kronik. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis desain analitic korelasi melalui pendekatan cross sectional dengan teknik non probability sampling : total sampling yangdilaksanakan pada tanggal 10 April – 15 April dan didapatkan jumlah sampel 52 responden dengan menggunakan instrument penelitian kuesioner dan observasi.Hasil: Analisis uji chi square antara pengetahuan dengan kepatuhan pembatasan cairan didapatkan nilai p=0,012 dan dukungan keluarga dengan kepatuhan pembatasan cairan didapatkan nilai p=0,014.Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan dan dukungan keluarga dengan kepatuhan pembatasan cairan pasien gagal ginjal kronik di Ruang Hemodialisa RS PUSRI Palembang.

 

condition experienced by patients with chronic renal failure, this condition resulted in patients need to control fluid intake to help reduce the workload of the kidney in processing fluids. Fluid restriction is one of intervention or therapy and an important factor in determining the success of chronic renal failure therapy patients, so that patient's compliance is required in the therapy. Family knowledge and family support are factors that can improve patient compliance with fluid restrictions. Objective: To examine the relationship of knowledge and family support to fluid restriction adherence in patients with chronic renal failure. Method: This research use correlation analitic design type through cross sectional approach with non probability sampling technique: consecutive sampling and got sample number 52 respondents. Result: Analysis of chi square test between knowledge to fluid restriction compliance (p value = 0,012) and family support to compliance of fluid restriction (p value = 0,014). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between knowledge and family support for fluid restrictioncompliance in patients with chronic renal failure in the Hemodialisa Room of PUSRI Palembang Hospital.
ALU Design by VHDL Using FPGA Technology and Micro Learning in Engineering Education
Authors: Said Ismail , Çavuş M. S.
Published: April 2021

The aim of this study is to develop case-study called Allowing Complexity to Complex Project (ACCP) for micro- learning in order to achieve high performance in computer architecture education and to test the legitimacy of classical teaching methods. The Arithmetic/Logic Unit (ALU) design was used as an example of the ACCP which consists of many examples and models aimed at developing students' skills in using complex arithmetic logical shifting and rotation instructions. Moreover, in this study, a real-world project on Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) devices was also developed using micro learning (ML). To this end, various hardware and software programs designed for computer architecture education and training were combined with improved instructional and attractive examples.
CONHECIMENTO DE MÉDICOS E ENFERMEIROS ATUANTES NO PRÉ-NATAL SOBRE TOXOPLASMOSE
Authors: Inagaki Ana Dorcas de Melo , Souza Isla Evellen Santos , Araujo Anne Caroline Lima , Abud Ana Cristina Freire , Cardoso Nadyege Pereira , Ribeiro Caique Jordan Nunes
Published: April 2021

Objetivos: descrever o conhecimento de médicos e enfermeiros pré-natalistas sobre a toxoplasmose.Método: estudo transversal, analítico, realizado entre outubro de 2018 e fevereiro de 2019, com 89 profissionais de 43 Unidades Básicas de Saúde de Aracaju, Sergipe, Brasil, por meio de questionário autoaplicado. Foram calculadas as frequências absolutas, relativas e os odds ratios. Utilizaram-se os testes Exato de Fischer e Qui-quadrado para análise dos dados.Resultados: os médicos e enfermeiros atuantes no pré-natal apresentaram pouco conhecimento sobre toxoplasmose relacionado às formas infectantes (p=1,000), vias de transmissão (p=1,000), grupo vulnerável (p=0,290), período de transmissão (p=1,000), maior risco para sequelas no recémnascido (p=0,828), quando realizar exames (p=0,015), indicação e interpretação do teste de avidez (p=0,355).Conclusão: este estudo identificou lacunas de conhecimento e poderá contribuir para planejamento de educação continuada para profissionais pré-natalistas, a fim de prevenir a toxoplasmose congênita.
REPRESENTAÇÃO SOCIAL DA MORTE PARA ESTUDANTES DE ENFERMAGEM
Authors: Andrade Priscila Cristina Da Silva Thiengo de , Gomes Antonio Marcos Tosoli , Spezani Renê Dos Santos , Nogueira Virginia Paiva Figueiredo , Barbosa Diogo Jacintho , Bernardes Margarida Maria Rocha , Peixoto Álvaro Rafael Santana
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: identificar a estrutura das representações sociais da morte para estudantes de enfermagem.Método: pesquisa descritiva, fundamentada pela Teoria do Núcleo Central. Utilizou-se a Associação Livre de Palavras com 91 estudantes de enfermagem do último ano de graduação, entre abril e junho de 2019, em uma universidade pública do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Os dados foram processados pelo software EVOC, que gerou um quadro com quatro quadrantes, onde se pode localizar o provável núcleo central e sistema periférico.Resultados: o núcleo central foi integrado pelos elementos fim, triste e dor, na primeira periferia saudade e na segunda descanso, perda, sofrer, eternidade, vida, angústia e choro. A zona de contraste foi constituída por medo e ciclo.Conclusão: esta representação reforça a necessidade da inserção da temática nos cursos de saúde e da criação de espaços que propiciem a reflexão e escuta, ajudando os alunos a melhor elaborar as perdas.
DECLÍNIO DAS TAXAS DE INTERNAÇÃO HOSPITALAR POR DOENÇAS CARDIOVASCULARES EM ADULTOS NO BRASIL
Authors: Figueiredo Fernanda Sabini Faix , Rodrigues Thamires Fernandes Cardoso da Silva , Cardoso Luana Cristina Bellini , Santos Fernanda Gatez Trevisan dos , Oliveira Rosana Rosseto de , Radovanovic Cremilde Aparecida Trindade
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: analisar a tendência das taxas de internação hospitalar por doenças cardiovasculares em adultos no Brasil.Método: estudo ecológico, de séries temporais, das taxas de internação por doenças cardiovasculares em adultos por sexo, faixa etária e região de residência no Brasil no período de 2005 a 2016. Foram utilizados os dados do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde. Para as análises de tendência, utilizaram-se modelos de regressão polinomial.Resultados: detectou-se tendência de declínio nas taxas de internação por doença cardiovascular em todo o país, sendo que a região Centro-Oeste obteve a redução mais expressiva (-21,29 ao ano). A região Sul deteve as maiores taxas de internação, inclusive por doenças isquêmicas do coração e cerebrovasculares.Conclusão: o Brasil apresentou tendência decrescente nas taxas de internação, entretanto, ainda são elevadas. Os resultados podem repercutir nas ações de vigilância em saúde, especialmente em regiões cujas taxas de internação apresentam-se elevadas.
DIMENSIONAMENTO DE ENFERMAGEM EM UNIDADE DE INTERNAÇÃO CIRÚRGICA: ESTUDO DESCRITIVO
Authors: Vicente Camila , Amante Lúcia Nazareth , Sebold Luciara Fabiane , Girondi Juliana Balbinot Reis , Martins Tatiana , Salum Nádia Chiodelli , Maia Ana Rosete Camargo Rodrigues
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: analisar o dimensionamento de enfermagem em uma unidade de internação cirúrgica.Método: estudo quantitativo, exploratório-descritivo, realizado de março a maio de 2019, durante o turno diurno, com pacientes internados em uma unidade de internação cirúrgica de um hospital universitário do sul do Brasil. Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se três instrumentos, aplicado aos participantes e complementados com informações do prontuário. Amostra de 196 participantes e 920 classificações do grau de dependência. Os dados foram analisados por análise descritiva simples.Resultados: os pacientes tinham uma média de 56,71 anos, 57,8% sexo masculino, 39,1% ensino fundamental incompleto e 36,7% aposentados. A maioria foi classificada em cuidados mínimos (16,81%), seguido de intermediários (6,81%), recomendando de 8,38 a 10,06 enfermeiros e 17,01 a 20,43 técnicos ou auxiliares de enfermagem.Conclusão: as peculiaridades dos pacientes cirúrgicos devem ser levadas em consideração no dimensionamento de pessoal, devendo existir mais estudos nesta área.
FATORES ASSOCIADOS AO ABANDONO DO TRATAMENTO DA TUBERCULOSE PULMONAR
Authors: Santos Débora Aparecida da Silva , Marques Ana Lúcia Alves , Goulart Letícia Silveira , Mattos Magda De , Olinda Ricardo Alves de
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: analisar os fatores associados ao abandono do tratamento dos casos de tuberculose pulmonar de Rondonópolis, Mato Grosso, Brasil, de 2008 a 2017.Método: estudo quantitativo, transversal, descritivo e de série histórica. Os dados foram coletados no Sistema de Informações sobre Agravos de Notificação. Realizou-se análise descritiva e, para verificar associações, foram utilizados testes Qui-quadrado e Exato de Fisher nos casos de frequências menores que cinco. Foram estimados odds ratio e intervalos de 95% de confiança.Resultados: houve 584 casos de tuberculose pulmonar, destes 8,56% abandonaram o tratamento. O perfil dos casos de abandono foi: sexo masculino (62%), adultos (94%), pardos (54%), ensino fundamental (48%), zona urbana (90%) e realizaram Tratamento Diretamente Observado (56%). A faixa etária e TDO foram fatores associados ao abandono do tratamento.Conclusão: este estudo poderá contribuir no planejamento das ações em saúde com estratégias de prevenção com a finalidade de garantir adesão ao tratamento.
ASSOCIAÇÃO DA LESÃO RENAL AGUDA COM DESFECHOS CLÍNICOS DE PACIENTES EM UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA
Authors: Santos David Da Silva , Silva Joana Ingrid Barbosa da , Melo Ingrid Almeida de , Marques Cleidinaldo Ribeiro de Goes , Ribeiro Hilton De Lima , Santos Eduesley Santana
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: avaliar a associação da Lesão Renal Aguda com os desfechos clínicos dos pacientes em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva.Método: trata-se do recorte de dados de coorte com visão prospectiva, realizada em uma unidade intensiva privada na capital sergipana entre outubro de 2018 e julho de 2019. A amostra foi por conveniência e não probabilística. Os dados foram analisados com os testes de Kolmogorov-Sminorv; exato de Fisher e t-Student através do Statistical Package for the Social Sciences.Resultados: participaram do estudo 100 pacientes, 29% apresentaram Lesão Renal Aguda, sendo 62,1% destes do sexo masculino e com 70±16 anos. Foi evidenciada associação da injúria com infecção (p=0,018), ventilação mecânica por mais de 48 horas (p=0,016), morte (p=0,010) e lesão por pressão (p=0,037).Conclusão: O estudo contribuirá para identificação precoce da lesão renal, promovendo auxílio no planejamento do plano para reduzir as complicações da doença.
Coincidence of pollen season and coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: less time outdoors - lesser allergy symptoms in 2020
Authors: Sözener Zeynep Çelebi , Öztürk Betül Özdel , Aydın Ömür , Demirel Yavuz Selim , Pınar Nur Münevver , Bavbek Sevim , Sin Betül Ayse , Mungan Dilşad
Published: April 2021

Background

This year, pollen season coincided with the first wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Strict preventive measures have been implemented during April and May and then a normalization phase started in our country in June. Our aim is to evaluate the effect of preventive measures during the pandemic process on allergic airway disease symptoms.

Methods

A prospective questionnaire-based study was planned and a questionnaire form was sent to the cell-phones of the subjects with pollen allergy followed in our clinic. Number of airborne grass pollens was determined by Burkard volumetric 7-day spore trap.

Results

A total of 222 pollen allergic patients were included in the study. At the beginning of the pandemic, majority of the subjects were spending time mostly indoors. The rate of home-office workers gradually decreased and the rate of office workers and the number of days at work increased from April to June, significantly. Nasal and ocular symptoms of the patients, also increased in June compared to April and May and, approximately one-third of the patients had less symptoms when compared to the same period of the previous year. The rates of using a face mask and taking a shower on return home were high among the subjects during all season.

Conclusion

Our study showed that spending less time outside during the pollen season and wearing a mask outdoors reduces exposure to pollens and causes a reduction in symptoms. Thus, strict application of measures that cannot be applied in daily practice can make a significant contribution to the management of seasonal allergic rhinitis.
Study of the possibility of using transmission in the lte system on a selected railway line for the purpose of running railway traffic
Authors: Chrzan Marcin
Published: April 2021

The railway and the Rail Traffic Control Systems installed on it in Poland have recently experienced rapid technologi-cal development. This is undoubtedly due to the funds that Poland receives from the European Union for the moderni-zation of railway infrastructure. The development of modern railway infrastructure means not only stations, modern rolling stock, but also safe and reliable train control systems based on the latest telecommunications and information technologies. For a longer time, radio communication based on the GSM-R (GSM for Railways) standard is being introduced on PKP. For this purpose, dedicated infrastructure is being built in order to use this technology for railway traffic. This is associated with huge investment costs. Since the beginning of its existence, research has been conducted worldwide on the use of LTE (Long Term Evolution) technology for conducting railway traffic. For economic and technological reasons, it is necessary to study other possibilities of using modern telecommunications infrastructure not yet dedicated to railway tasks in these open networks. The article will present research on the use of open radio communication network based on LTE standard for rail traffic and passenger comfort. It will discuss the research method and selected results of measurements made on railway line no. 4. The choice of this railway line was dictated by two factors. The first one resulted from the maximum train speed, the second one is the variety of rolling stock used on this line (compartmental and non-compartmental wagons). The part of research concerning collection of measurement material was performed within the framework of completed research work PBS3/A6/29/2015. As a result of conducted in-depth literature analysis as well as performed measurements and calculations, it allowed to develop a model and software for simulating system operation in real conditions. This system allows to send railway telegrams on appropriate safety level defined in standardization documents. The research proved the possibility of using an open system in the LTE standard for the transmission of signals for railway traffic control and passengers while maintaining an appropriate level of safety. The only limitations which were indicated by the tests are improper radio interface coverage of railway lines. Appropriate planning of radio coverage of railway areas by radio communi-cation operators (so far ignored) with proper cooperation of infrastructure manager can lead to launching efficient communication system without necessity to build specialized infrastructure for railway.
Meat quality, post-mortem proteolytic enzymes, and myosin heavy chain isoforms of different Thai native cattle muscles
Authors: Chaosap Chanporn , Sivapirunthep Panneepa , Sitthigripong Ronachai , Tavitchasri Piyada , Maduae Sabaiporn , Kusee Tipyaporn , Setakul Jutarat , Adeyemi Kazeem
Published: April 2021

Objective: This study investigated the meat quality characteristics, endogenous proteolytic enzymes, collagen content, and myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms of different muscles of Thai native cattle (TNC).Methods: Infraspinatus (IF), Longissimus thoracis (LT), and Supraspinatus (SS) muscles were obtained from two TNC breeds, Kho-Lan (KL, n = 7) and Kho-Isaan (KI, n = 7). The muscle and meat characteristics of TNC breeds and their relationship with MyHC expression were examined.Results: Three MyHC isoforms namely MyHC I, MyHC IIa, and MyHC IIx were detected in the muscles. The KL had higher (p<0.05) MyHC IIx than the KI. The IF muscle had higher (p<0.05) MyHC I compared to other muscles. The LT muscle had the least MyHC I. The LT had higher (p<0.05) MyHC IIx than the IF and SS muscles. The IF presented the least MyHC IIx. The KL had higher (p<0.05) lightness and moisture content and lower crude protein, redness, cooking loss, shear force, and calpastatin than the KI. The glycogen, total collagen, soluble collagen, crude protein, ash contents, and troponin T degradation product of IF and SS were lower (p<0.05) than that of LT. Ether extract in LT was lower (p<0.05) than that of IF and SS. The percentage of MyHC I, MyHC IIa, and MyHC IIx were significantly correlated with muscle and meat characteristics of TNC.Conclusion: These results suggest that the differences in the MyHC isoforms may partly account for the variation in meat quality between breeds and among muscles of TNC.
The role of long noncoding RNAs in livestock adipose tissue deposition — A review
Authors: Wang Lixue , Xie Yuhuai , Chen Wei , Zhang Yu , Zeng Yongqing
Published: April 2021

With the development of sequencing technology, numerous , long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been discovered and annotated. Increasing evidence has shown that lncRNAs play an essential role in regulating many biological and pathological processes, especially in cancer. However, there have been few studies on the roles of lncRNAs in livestock production. In animal products, meat quality and lean percentage are vital economic traits closely related to adipose tissue deposition. However, adipose tissue accumulation is also a pivotal contributor to obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and many other diseases, as demonstrated by human studies. In livestock production, the mechanism by which lncRNAs regulate adipose tissue deposition is still unclear. In addition, the phenomenon that different animal species have different adipose tissue accumulation abilities is not well understood. In this review, we summarize the characteristics of lncRNAs and their four functional archetypes and review the current knowledge about lncRNA functions in adipose tissue deposition in livestock species. This review could provide theoretical significance to explore the functional mechanisms of lncRNAs in adipose tissue accumulation in animals.
Epidemiological and etiological aspects of dental caries development
Authors: Andriivna Loban' , Oleksiivna Faustova , Volodymyrivna Chereda , Mykolaivna Ananieva
Published: April 2021

The infectious factor is etiological in the caries development. Early colonization of S. mutans is considered as a key point; another important caries-associated microorganism is Lactobacillus, which colonizes carious lesions later. Ecological shifts in the dental plaques against the background of weakened local immunity increase their cariogenicity and lead to the caries progression. The data obtained confirm the key importance of the oral colonization resistance in initiating dental caries and its progression. Thus, the biological status of dental plaque and the activity of cariogenic bacteria are regarded as the key mechanisms for the emergence of dental caries. Therefore, the in-depth study of oral microbial homeostasis, the factors supporting its dynamic balance, is extremely important for modern cariology that will greatly contribute to developing programs and recommendations for prevention of dental caries and its early detection in order to improve the general health of population.
Health problems of professional ballet dancers
Authors: Verulava Tengiz , Tvalavadze Ketevan , Jorbenadze Revaz
Published: April 2021

Ballet is a professional activity that places risky physical and psycho-emotional demands on the human body. The goal of this study was to evaluate health-related problems among ballet dancers. Within the qualitative study, in-depth interviews were conducted with ballet dancers at the State Ballet of Georgia. Participants' mean age was 23.4 ± 3.5 years, the average BMI - 21.2 ± 2.2. Dancers had spent 9.2 ± 7.4 years studying dancing professionally. On average, they spent 8.5 ± 5.8 hours in class and 16.2 ± 11.6 hours in rehearsal. Most injuries were related to ankle/feet (16%), knee (60%), and neck (13%). Common risk factors for incurring pain and injury included overuse (19%), previous injury (11%), and fatigue (11%). Of the injured dancers, 80% chose to seek medical attention. Mostly, they visited traumatologists (40%) and physiotherapists (30%). The biopsychosocial condition of ballet artists is affected by physical workload, high risk of injuries, as well as constant stress. The result suggests high prevalence and recurrence of dance injuries. Ankle/feet, knee and neck are especially risky topological areas for injuries as particularly big pressure is placed on the feet and ankle joints. The majority of respondents sought advice from medical specialists rather than family physicians. It is necessary to prevent injuries and stress through raising awareness. A team of professionals (family physician, orthopedist, psychologist, nutritionist, endocrinologist, physical therapist, nurse) is needed to prevent injuries. Family doctors should pay more attention to the promotion of a healthy lifestyle during the consultation with ballet dancers.
Administration of Cannabis causes alterations in monoamine oxidase B and serotonin receptor 2C gene expressions in Wistar rats
Authors: Dosumu Oluwatosin , Owolabi Oluwafemi , Ugbaja Regina , Popoola Akinola , Rotimi Solomon , Taiwo Odunayo , Ojo Oluwafemi
Published: April 2021

This study examined the probable effects of graded doses of Cannabis sativa (C. sativa) extract on the gene expressions of monoamine oxidase B and serotonin receptor 2C (HTR2C) in an attempt to correlate the duration of use with neurodegeneration tendencies in chronic marijuana users. Male Wistar rats weighing between 90 g ± 100 g were treated with graded doses of petroleum ether extract of C. sativa (12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg body weight) orally. The exposure was monitored at 4, 8, and 12 weeks for each of the doses employed, after which the brain was removed. The gene expressions were determined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Cannabis considerably (p < 0.05) reduced the relative expression of MAOB at 4 weeks. At 8 weeks, cannabis upregulated the relative expression of the MAOB gene by 60%. Following 12 weeks of exposure to the 50mg/kg body weight dose of C. sativa, 80% increase in the expression of MAOB was observed compared to the control group. C. sativa (50 mg/kg body weight) extract at 8 weeks resulted in about 47.7% decrease in the expression of the gene, however, prolonged exposure (12 weeks) to the extract significantly (p < 0.05) increased the relative expression of HTR2C. Cannabis-induced dysregulation of the MAOB genes may be one mechanism linking chronic use of cannabis to cognitive decline and improved likelihood of developing neurological diseases. Alterations observed in HTR2C gene expression as a result of exposure to high doses of C. sativa extract may partly account for the depression and aggressive tendencies observed in chronic users.
The impact of the metacognitive and behavioral factors of cultural intelligence on foreign brand acceptance
Authors: Zdravković Stefan , Peković Jelena
Published: April 2021

The aim of the paper is to show the influence of cultural intelligence in the acceptance of foreign brands and how these insights can help multinational companies in shaping and presenting their brands so that they are better accepted in different cultural environments. Cultural intelligence consists of four factors, two of which have been analyzed for the purposes of this paper - the metacognitive and behavioral factors. The metacognitive cultural dimensions are useful for the individual uses to obtain certain knowledge about a culture. Behavioral cultural intelligence represents the ability to adapt an individual to verbal and non-verbal behaviors according to the situation in culturally diverse environments. The results of the empirical research proved a statistically significant positive impact of the behavioral element of cultural intelligence on the acceptance of foreign brands by consumers, while the influence of the metacognitive factor on the acceptance of foreign brands is not statistically significant, which is different from most of the empirical studies conducted so far.
Market reactions to football match results: The effect of venues and competition types
Authors: Dwi Apredianto , Dorkas Rambu , Dolfriandra Huruta
Published: April 2021

This study seeks to investigate the stock market reaction to football match results in different venues and competition types, especially for three major football clubs: Manchester United, Juventus FC, and Borussia Dortmund. We use a parametric paired sample t-test. The findings show that investors take not only match results but also venues and competition types into consideration when making investment decisions. This study indicates the stock markets of football clubs are semi-strong efficient markets. Different market reaction to match results for each football club studied implies the importance of understanding the specific characteristics of those clubs in making investment decisions. The findings suggest the football club investors need to consider their clubs' competitive performance in different venues and competition types when making portfolio investment decisions. This study complemented the previous assumption on the importance of venues, and competition types match results in making investment decisions.
Domestic consumption and uncertainty of exchange rate in a Monetary union: Evidence from the Euro area
Authors: Okafor Samuel , Lokossou Juste
Published: April 2021

The research seeks to uncover how real consumption reacts to real exchange rate uncertainty in the short and long run for the world's largest monetary union the Euro zone. Twelve Euro zone countries were sampled covering the period 1995Q1-2019Q4. Using generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) and pooled mean group (PMG), the result shows that exchange rate uncertainty significantly dampens long-run consumption while the short-run effect is mixed. In the benchmark model, a negative and significant error correction coefficient was obtained, which allows to argue that i) there is evidence of a return to the long-run equilibrium path for consumption following short run deviations and ii) the speed of adjustment to equilibrium is low, with a coefficient of ~ 4%. This suggests that, in the Euro zone, convergence to long-run equilibrium is slow, as the proportion of disequilibrium corrected in one quarter, following a shock, is about 4%, which implies it would take ~17 quarters for one half of the disequilibrium, or deviations from the long-run consumption path to become corrected.
The relations between contemporary leadership styles and the dimensions of national culture in modern business environment
Authors: Gardašević Jovana , Ćirić Maja , Stanisavljević Ivan
Published: April 2021

The subject of this paper is the relationship between contemporary leadership styles and the dimensions of national culture. Leaders manifest a particular style of leadership, created under the influence of a large number of elements that determine it. Thus, the national culture is related to the behaviour of leaders in the business system. The aim of the paper is to show how national culture shapes a leadership style. Basic analytical and synthetic methods, methods of induction, deduction and generalization, exploratory method and content analysis were used in the paper. The paper will show that it is important to recognize the influence of the dimensions of national culture on leadership style, as these are concepts that can determine the success of a business. The importance of the work is reflected in the synthesis of literature review on the link between leadership styles and dimensions of national culture and is intended for contemporary leaders who need to improve their business.
Means of harmonization of composition and optimization of the design of photographic images
Authors: Shemshurenko Evgenii
Published: April 2021

The subject of this research is such a means of harmonization of composition of the image in a plane as the contrast. The article assesses the possibility and factors of using contrast for increasing the attractiveness of the designed photographic image. The author reviews the examples of photo images with appropriate use of contrast; provides the research data on the perception[WU1]  of contrast by human visual system.; explores correlation between contrast and the conditions for a harmonious composition; as well as reviews the connection between the properties of compositional elements of photography and the components of visual perception, discovered by R. Barthes in his work “Camera Lucida”. The author carries out the analysis of photographic images; compares the empirical data on the study of perception of contrast by a human; applies the methods of induction and deduction in analyzing the acquitted results and comparing them with the characteristics of a harmonious composition. The author’s special contribution consists in comparison of the results of empirical research of perception of contrast by a human in the context of dependence of the sensitivity of human visual system on the size of observable alternating contrast lines and the size of the dominant in relation to the image field object of composition. It is proposed to use high contrasts of the elements of detail drawing for reaching harmonization of composition of the designed image elements.  [WU1]
The peculiarities of sociopolitical news discourse on the example of regional news public pages in the social network VKontakte
Authors: Gorchakova Olesya Yur'evna , Larionova Anastasiya Vyacheslavovna , Aleksandrova Yuliya Konstantinovna , Petrov Evgenii Yur'evich
Published: April 2021

The subject of this research is the news content of public pages in the social network VKontakte. The goal consists in examination of peculiarities of organization of the regional news discourse, comparison of Tomsk and Novosibirsk news public pages. For achieving the set goal, the article employs the methods of qualitative (manual coding and machine learning) and quantitative data processing (content analysis, thematic analysis, psycholinguistic analysis). The empirical material contains regional news reports on sociopolitical topics, available for public viewing in the social network VKontakte (Tomsk and Novosibirsk). Analysis is conducted on the 3,786 postings in Novosibirsk and 887 postings in Tomsk. The author determines peculiarities and differences of media consumption depending on the region. It is noted that the federal news enjoy greater popularity among the users of the social network VKontakte; Tomsk residents are more concerned with the news reports covering regional events. The article reveals the specifics of creating news content characterized by the tendency towards narrativization of the news discourse. The prevalent narrative strategy of the media authors of regional news public pages consists in factual interpretation of the material with responses of high-ranking officials, authorized representatives of various structures, as well as regular persons (their opinions and attitudes, value judgments).
Mediating at the Margins: Yucatan’s Interpreters in Unconquered Lands, 1600-1697
Authors: Lentz Mark W.
Published: April 2021

Objective/Context: This article emphasizes the distinct duties of interpreters general, primarily working in legal matters, and mediators at the margins of colonial control. The widespread flight of Mayas seeking relief shifted the linguistic map of the interior, requiring speakers of multiple languages rather than the service of interpreters general who resided in Yucatan. Methodology: Research in the Archivo General de Indias and published primary sources show that mediation with migratory Mayas avoiding colonial rule required polyglot indigenous interpreters who moderated encounters between friars and neo-conquistadors, on the one hand, and resistant Mayas, on the other, in Yucatan’s interior, even as the holders of the office of interpreter general— the primary legal translators—were overwhelmingly European-descent creoles. Originality: This article seeks to add depth to our current understanding of the role of translators during the often overlooked seventeenth century. Conclusions: Official translators—interpreters generals whose duties were increasingly circumscribed as court functionaries—diverged from mediators in unconquered terrains whose knowledge of diverse indigenous languages, cultural broker abilities, and similar backgrounds made them ideal intermediaries with resistant Mayas.
Justice on the Mountain: Travel, Security, and Native Authority in Colonial Oaxaca, Mexico
Authors: Yannakakis Yanna
Published: April 2021

Objective/Context: This article analyzes how long-distance travel and struggles over highway security shaped the relationship between Native communities and Spanish civil and ecclesiastical authorities in Oaxaca’s Villa Alta district during the late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Methodology: I engage in a close reading of criminal cases of murder and theft on a treacherous stretch of the Camino Real to show how Native people took on significant risk to travel great distances in pursuit of their interests. I follow with an examination of eighteenth-century legal reforms aimed at curbing banditry and analyze civil and criminal records to show how colonial officials used the reforms to create Native patrols tasked with highway security. Originality: Long-distance travel and highway security represent aspects of Indigenous life in colonial Mexico underappreciated by historians, even though they were vital to the material and political concerns of Indigenous individuals, clans, and communities in mountain regions like Villa Alta. By reading legal records against the grain, I demonstrate how Indigenous people used legal and extra-legal means to control movement on mountainous stretches of imperial roads. My analysis reveals jurisdictional competition among native authorities, and Spanish civil and ecclesiastical officials as they sought to control imperial space. Conclusions: Long-distance travel and jurisdictional struggles between and among Spanish and Native authorities produced violence and competition over highway security. By incorporating Native communities into the colonial security apparatus through the creation of Native patrols, colonial officials more fully subordinated the authority of the region’s Native governments to their own.
Los asquenazíes del Caribe: redes transatlánticas de comercio y migración entre Frankfurt y Bogotá, a través del Imperio británico en el siglo xix
Authors: Martínez Ruiz Enrique
Published: April 2021

Objective/Context: This article studies Ashkenazi migrations to Colombia in the nineteenth century and their role as intermediaries in the capitalist shaping of the country. This mediation occurred through a transatlantic network between Frankfurt, London, Manchester, and Bogotá via Kingston and Cartagena, a network formed over four generations by the Stiebel-Schloss-Koppel-Kopp extended family. Methodology: A significant number of documents were analyzed, related to members of the network and to the commercial firms Schloss Brothers, Stiebel Brothers, Koppel & Schloss, and Kopp & Castello, from various archives in Germany, England, Jamaica, and Colombia, as well as from the virtual genealogical platforms MyHeritage and FamilySearch. Thus, it was possible to reconstruct in great detail the chronology of their transit locations, the particular characteristics of their commercial activities, and numerous aspects of their biographical trajectories. Originality: This study considers ethnicity as a relevant variable in the economic and commercial historiography of Colombia. Specifically, it underscores the importance of the Jewish identity of many migrants arriving in the country after the Independence, a factor that allowed them to become privileged actors in foreign trade. It also contributes to a better understanding of Jewish migrations to Colombia, a subject that has received little attention by scholars. Conclusions: The article reveals the fundamental role played by the transatlantic community formed by Ashkenazi migrants as they served both the interests of the British Empire throughout Spanish America and the project of the elites of the new Spanish American republics, who sought to insert their countries into the global capitalist economic system. In the case of Colombia, this insertion meant incorporation into transatlantic commercial circuits.
“Because That’s What His Consul Had Ordered”: The Chilean Consulate as a Labor Institution in Mendoza, Argentina (1859-1869)
Authors: Harvey Kyle E.
Published: April 2021

Objective/Context: This article examines the place of the Chilean consulate in conflicts related to control over labor in western Argentina during the 1860s, a decade of national consolidation and economic expansion. It explores how changes in the laboring classes’ experiences and interests in the mid-nineteenth century expressed themselves through the Chilean consulate and the meaning of being Chilean. Methodology: Using consular records, foreign relations records, and criminal records, it analyzes how Chilean laborers—and Argentines claiming to be Chilean—petitioned the consulate to protect them from military conscription and labor abuses. Originality: While transnational labor migrations feature more prominently in histories of the late-nineteenth and early twentieth centuries than in those on the post-independence period, this article adds to understandings of the end of the post-independence period through such migrations and the institutions that supported them. Conclusions: By focusing on the interaction of laborers and the Chilean consulate, this article makes the case for a correlation between non-European transnational labor migrations and the development of a sense of political belonging distinct from republicanism, patriotism, or civic participation, and one that sought exclusion from the obligations of society and one decidedly more oriented towards notions of class and nationality.
Salomón Resnick and the Judaica Project: Translation Strategies and Representation in the Making of Jewish-Argentines (1933-1946)
Authors: Svarch Ariel
Published: April 2021

Objective/Context: This article examines the role of translators as agents and translation as a mediating strategy to establish Jewish-Argentine identities in Argentina, from the rise of Nazism until the end of the Second World War. It presents the case study of Jewish-Russian immigrant Salomón Resnick and his publishing project Judaica (1933-1946). The journal translated Jewish literary works to positively influence the opinions of Argentine intellectual elites about Jews, while aiding in the construction of Spanish-language Jewish-Argentine identities and culture. Methodology: A qualitative textual analysis of articles and works of fiction, original pieces and works translated by Judaica, as well as reviews of translated books of Yiddish literature by Argentine literary critics. These primary sources are interpreted vis-à-vis the global and local sociopolitical contexts to identify motives, editorial choices, and reception. Originality: This article adds to the historiography of Resnick’s work and Judaica by unveiling the logics and strategies behind the representations and narratives about Jewishness produced by Judaica and the importance of the local context in these editorial choices. It also reveals how members of the Argentine cultural elite reacted to the journal and Resnick’s translated Yiddish literature. Conclusions: While Judaica was limited in its reach and failed to measurably influence new Jewish-Argentine generations and effectively neutralize antisemitism, a study of reception in Argentina’s literary circles signals that it had relative success in positively influencing the cultural elite’s conceptions about Jews, Jewishness, and Jewish literature.
Co-regulation and function of FOXM1/RHNO1 bidirectional genes in cancer
Authors: Barger Carter J , Chee Linda , Albahrani Mustafa , Munoz-Trujillo Catalina , Boghean Lidia , Branick Connor , Odunsi Kunle , Drapkin Ronny , Zou Lee , Karpf Adam R
Published: April 2021

The FOXM1 transcription factor is an oncoprotein and a top biomarker of poor prognosis in human cancer. Overexpression and activation of FOXM1 is frequent in high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC), the most common and lethal form of human ovarian cancer, and is linked to copy number gains at chromosome 12p13.33. We show that FOXM1 is co-amplified and co-expressed with RHNO1, a gene involved in the ATR-Chk1 signaling pathway that functions in the DNA replication stress response. We demonstrate that FOXM1 and RHNO1 are head-to-head (i.e., bidirectional) genes (BDG) regulated by a bidirectional promoter (BDP) (named F/R-BDP). FOXM1 and RHNO1 each promote oncogenic phenotypes in HGSC cells, including clonogenic growth, DNA homologous recombination repair, and poly-ADP ribosylase inhibitor resistance. FOXM1 and RHNO1 are one of the first examples of oncogenic BDG, and therapeutic targeting of FOXM1/RHNO1 BDG is a potential therapeutic approach for ovarian and other cancers.
Ongoing repair of migration-coupled DNA damage allows planarian adult stem cells to reach wound sites
Authors: Sahu Sounak , Sridhar Divya , Abnave Prasad , Kosaka Noboyoshi , Dattani Anish , Thompson James M , Hill Mark A , Aboobaker Aziz
Published: April 2021

Mechanical stress during cell migration may be a previously unappreciated source of genome instability, but the extent to which this happens in any animal in vivo remains unknown. We consider an in vivo system where the adult stem cells of planarian flatworms are required to migrate to a distal wound site. We observe a relationship between adult stem cell migration and ongoing DNA damage and repair during tissue regeneration. Migrating planarian stem cells undergo changes in nuclear shape and exhibit increased levels of DNA damage. Increased DNA damage levels reduce once stem cells reach the wound site. Stem cells in which DNA damage is induced prior to wounding take longer to initiate migration and migrating stem cell populations are more sensitive to further DNA damage than stationary stem cells. RNAi-mediated knockdown of DNA repair pathway components blocks normal stem cell migration, confirming that active DNA repair pathways are required to allow successful migration to a distal wound site. Together these findings provide evidence that levels of migration-coupled-DNA-damage are significant in adult stem cells and that ongoing migration requires DNA repair mechanisms. Our findings reveal that migration of normal stem cells in vivo represents an unappreciated source of damage, which could be a significant source of mutations in animals during development or during long-term tissue homeostasis.