bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERAN GANDA WANITA DALAM EKONOMI KELUARGA (Studi Kasus Pada Pedagang Wanita Pasar Klewer)
Authors: Bawono Bachtiar Suryo , Santosa Bambang
Published: February 2021

Women in the era of globalization have experienced significant changes. As women who previously were not played an active role in the labor market, many woman now play an active role in the world of work, especially in the trade sector. Based on data from the Surakarta City Gender Study and Social Workers Association (PRP) Study, 72% of the traditional market trader population is women. In addition to having a positive impact, increasing women's participation in the world of work also has a negative impact on women themselves. As women as workers will experience double burden problems. It means women who work will have two responsibilities, that is public work responsibilities and domestic work responsibilities.

Therefore, the author would like to know how the Dual Role of Women in the Family Economy in Women's Traders' Families in Surakarta City's Klewer Market? This study uses gender analysis techniques Hardvard-1 or HAF method combined with interactive analysis methods. The results showed that the first category of informants only wives who traded in the market showed that, the wife played a role in increasing family income. The initial income of a husband working alone is only able to meet primary needs. After the wife trades, the husband and wife can meet secondary needs and increase family purchasing power. In the access and control of family economic resources, they tend to be dominated by husbands. The informants of both husband and wife trading together in a kios then the role of the wife does not affect the ups and downs of trading income. In accessing and controlling economic resources the family runs in balance.
PERAN IBU DALAM PENYAMPAIAN PENDIDIKAN SEKSUAL PADA REMAJA PEREMPUAN DI KELURAHAN GANDEKAN, KECAMATAN JEBRES, KOTA SURAKARTA
Authors: Yasafat Bima Eldo , Haryono Bagus
Published: February 2021

This research was conducted to describe the role of mothers in the delivery of teenage sex education in the Gandekan Village, Jebres District, Surakarta City. This type of research uses qualitative research methods with the case study method. Data collection uses participation collection, in-depth interviews, literature study, and documentation. The informants of this research are mothers who live in the Gandekan Village, Jebres District, Surakarta City. And having a teenage daughter. This study discusses the role that is carried out and which is carried out in the process of delivering the education section of their daughters. Using the AGIL theory (adaptation, goal achievement, integration, maintenance of latent patterns) put forward by Talcott Parsons, with four important basic elements that must be discussed in full and become a unity. The process is then processed. Data analysis techniques by collecting data, reducing data, presenting data and gathering conclusions.

The results of this study indicate that there is a difference between the role of mothers who play a role and the role of mothers who are involved in the delivery of sexy education to girls in the Village Gandekan, Jebres District, Surakarta City. The ability of adaptation (Adaptation) by the mother regarding the development of the pattern of child relationships in the midst of technological development can be agreed to be adequate, the goal of achieving damage to the child's future. The way mothers provide sex education (integration) to children is done through advice, messages and rules or restrictions given to children. The mother's ability to support patterns (Latency) through implanting values is hardly adequate. This is evident from the fact that there are still many children who refute the advice given by the mother.
POLA PEMBENTUKAN PADA PERILAKU TOLERANSI BERAGAMA ANAK (Studi Kasus di LKSA Nur Hidayah Kecamatan Laweyan Kota Surakarta)
Authors: Vellayati Fathiana , Humsona Rahesli
Published: February 2021

This study aims to determine the formation of Nur Hidayah LKSA in fostering religious tolerance in children in the community. The theory used in this study is the social practice of Pierre Bourdieu, the formula of social parktik theory is (habitus + capital) x realm. This research is a type of qualitative research with a case study approach. Data collection techniques used are (1) non-participatory observation techniques, namely data collection through nonverbal observations (2) unstructured interview techniques, asking questions jumping from time to time or from one topic to another topic (Slamet, 2006), (3) documentation study, which documented the results of interviews and then made an interview transcript of the recordings and personal notes during the study. The sampling technique in this study used a purposive sample. Data validity uses source triangulation to compare data. Data analysis techniques consist of three activities that occur simultaneously, namely: data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions.

This study shows that (1) the concept of habitus can be seen through LKSA Nur Hidayah provides the formation of religious tolerance in children given through studies twice a week besides LKSA Nur Hidayah teaches about religious and social life, (2) social capital undertaken LKSA Nur Hidayah can give birth to an open attitude and accept differences, peace and tolerate the inconveniences of life. That is because between the community and LKSA Nur Hidayah trust each other, running the norms that apply in the community. LKSA Nur Hidayah frees her foster children to make friends with anyone, but still maintains her own faith and is not influenced by others, (3) cultural capital that is realized is the community invites orphanage children to mutual cooperation and children join mutual cooperation with the community, ( 4) Symbolic capital is a palebelan or assessment of others, a pretty good citizen education and has a modern mindset so that tolerance can be created between Nur Hidayah LKSA and the community, (5) economic capital is closely related to finance, the obligation of Nur Hidayah LKSA is to finance foster children's schooling and paying caregivers and holding social services.
PRIORITIES, CONCERNS AND EXPECTATIONS OF LOCAL YOUNG SPECTATORS REGARDING 21ST CENTURY FILM AND CINEMA.
Authors:   Kunza Aqdas, Sultana Noreen
Published: February 2021

The aim of present paper is to investigate the psychological outcomes of 21st century Pakistani movies on viewers. The most important four outcomes are as following: (a) Violent behavior (b) Sensuality and Depression (c) Stereotypes (d) Misconception about Islam and Pakistani culture. By psychologically examining the theme of the film, we can take a look at the producer’s psychological methods and analyze the performance of the theme in the film. This paper is psychological analysis of five film themes and their carriage in productions. The films under analysis are Khuda Kay Liay (2007), Bol (2011), Bin Roye(2015), Malik (2016) Waar (2013). It is inferred from this study that these films have strong psychological impact on audience’s conscious and unconscious.
Nacimiento de la revista de investigación en actividades acuáticas
Authors: Moreno Murcia Juan Antonio
Published: February 2021

Como ya indicábamos tiempo atrás (Moreno & Gutiérrez, 1998), el papel que desempeña la actividad acuáticaen la vida del ser humano, cada día cobra más importancia. Entre las razones que justifican la elección delmedio acuático está la posibilidad de favorecer la educación corporal dentro del proceso de educaciónintegral y la adquisición de otras capacidades diferentes a las adquiridas en el medio terrestre. Otro de losatractivos de este medio es el gran bagaje de sensaciones nuevas que ya son apreciadas, incluso por los niñosde corta edad. Lo cierto es que el medio acuático se nos presenta como fuente de las más variadassensaciones: ruidos, olores, dimensiones, flotación, fluidez, ingravidez, etc., y aunque algunas de éstas sepueden percibir en otros lugares, no se conseguiría la percepción del “sentido del agua”, y de igual modo, seanularía la motivación que estas actividades provoca en las personas. Además, este medio propicia laexteriorización de conductas sensoriales, afectivas, cognoscitivas, que ayudarán a que el ser humano sesienta a gusto en el agua y, de igual modo, disfrute de la relajación propiciada por las propiedades específicasdel medio acuático...
La formación en contenidos acuáticos del profesorado de Educación Física
Authors: Albarracín Pérez Apolonia , Moreno Murcia Juan Antonio
Published: February 2021

Antecedentes: La formación del profesorado es una pieza clave en la calidad de la labor docente. Dado que las actividadesacuáticas no están incluidas en la legislación educativa, será el profesor quien decida su inclusión o no, y esto nos lleva a pensarque puede depender de su formación al respecto. Además, el nivel de formación inicial y continua de los diferentes docentes deeducación física varía, tomando gran importancia en la aplicación de las mismas.
Objetivos: El principal objetivo del estudio ha consistido en comprobar la formación en los contenidos acuáticos por parte delprofesorado de educación física.
Método: A 176 profesores de educación física de una región española se le ha consultado sobre dichos contenidos relacionándolocon el sexo, la titulación, la situación laboral, la experiencia docente, el tipo de cursos realizados, quién impartió las clases deactividades acuáticas y la opinión de aspectos generales de educación física sobre la inclusión de las actividades acuáticas en elámbito escolar.
Resultados: Tras el análisis, pocos docentes han reconocido que las actividades acuáticas no se introducen habitualmente en lasprogramaciones por no estar formados para ello, a pesar de que el mayor número de docentes acordaba que muchos compañerosdesconocen las posibles aplicaciones de estos contenidos en su materia. La antinguedad en el cetnro, la formación inicial, la edad,y la formación continua en actividades acuáticas, etc., influyen de diferente modo en la aplicación de las actividades acuáticas enel ámbito escolar.
Conclusiones: La formación inicial y continua es decisiva para la implantación de las actividades acuáticas, siendo una apuestadecisiva para la implantación en los centros escolares de forma adecuada y útil.
MUDHARABAH SCHEME WITHIN THE ISLAMIC BANKING: PROFIT SHARING AND ASSOCIATED PROBLEMS IN IT
Authors: Supriatna Supriatna , Helmi Irpan , Nurrohman Nurrohman
Published: February 2021

Artikel ini membahas prinsip bagi hasil dalam skema mudharabah di perbankan syariah dan permasalahan yang terdapat di dalamnya dengan metode deskriptif-kualitatif melalui studi kepustakaan dan eksploratif literatur. Skema mudharabah biasanya diterapkan pada produk pembiayaan dan investas yang melibatkan dua pihak: shahib al-maal dan mudharib. Kedua belah pihak bekerjasama untuk mendapatkan keuntungan yang akan dibagikan sesuai dengan nisbah yang telah disepakati di awal akad. Apabila terjadi kerugian finansial, shahib al-maal akan menanggung semuanya, tetapi jika disebabkan oleh kelalaian pengelola modal maka kerugian tersebut harus ditanggung oleh mudharib. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam akad mudharabah mayoritas bank syariah menerapkan prinsip revenue-sharing yang secara tidak langsung direstui oleh Fatwa DSN 07/2000. Penerapan prinsip ini dapat memicu timbulnya rasa ketidakadilan karena bagi hasil dihitung berdasarkan laba kotor yang lebih menguntungkan pihak shahib al-maal dan kurang menguntungkan bagi mudharib. Kondisi ini membuat nasabah kurang termotivasi untuk memilih bank syariah ketimbang bank konvensional. Dilihat dari perspektif fiqh, bagi hasil dihitung berdasarkan keuntungan bersih sebagaimana diterapkan pada prinsip profit/loss-sharing, yang penerapannya juga direkomendasikan oleh OKI. Pada akhirnya, penyempurnaan pada Fatwa DSN 07/2000 perlu dilakukan untuk memberikan rasa keadilan bagi semua entitas mudharabah: shahib al-maal dan mudharib. [This article was created to discuss the principle of profit-sharing in the mudharabah scheme in Islamic banking and the problems contained therein using descriptive-qualitative methods through library study and literature exploratory. Mudharabah schemes are usually applied to financing and investment products that involve two parties: shahib al-maal and mudharib. Both parties collaborate to get profits which will be shared according to the nisbah agreed at the beginning of the contract. If there is a financial loss, shahib al-maal will bear everything, but if it is caused by the negligence of the capital-user then the loss must be borne by the mudharib. The results showed that in the mudharabah contract, the majority of Islamic banks apply the principle of revenue-sharing which is indirectly blessed by Fatwa DSN 07/2000. The implementation of this principle could trigger a sense of injustice because the profit-sharing is calculated based on gross profit which is more beneficial for the shahib al-maal and less profitable for the mudarib. This condition makes customers less motivated to choose Islamic banks rather than conventional banks. From the perspective of fiqh, profit-sharing is calculated based on net profit as it’s applied to the principle of profit/loss-sharing as well as recommended by the OIC. At the end, improvements to the Fatwa 07/2000, needs to be done to provide a sense of justice for all mudharabah entities: shahib al-maal and mudharib.]
APLIKASI SYIRKAH BERBASIS BAGI HASIL TANGKAPAN IKAN NELAYAN: PERSPEKTIF SOSIAL EKONOMI
Authors: Malahayatie Malahayatie , Suryani Suryani
Published: February 2021

Fenomena kemiskinan yang dialami oleh sebagian nelayan pesisir pantai Lhokseumawe disebabkan faktor ekonomi dan sosial, sehingga para nelayan tidak mampu mendapatkan pendapatan yang layak dan akses pendidikan yang memadai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui praktik bagi hasil tangkapan ikan nelayan, aplikasi syirkah pada praktik bagi hasil tersebut di kalangan nelayan Kota Lhokseumawe serta melihat berbagai fenomena kemiskinan pada nelayan di Kecamatan Banda Sakti, kota Lhokseumawe Aceh. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan melakukan penelitian lapangan. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa praktik bagi hasil tangkapan ikan yang ada dikalangan nelayan Kecamatan Banda Sakti melibatkan dua pihak sebagai pemberi modal yaitu toke boat dan toke bangku dan selanjutnya di kelola oleh pihak rakan meupakat beserta pawang (nahkoda laut). Aplikasi syirkah terletak pada kerjasama dan kesepakatan dari percampuran modal kedua pihak toke boat dan toke bangku yang kemudian dikelola bersama dengan pihak pengelola. [The phenomena related to the poverty experienced by most fishermen in the coastal areas of Lhokseumawe were caused by the economic and sosial factors. Thus, the fisherman were then unable to obtain reasonable income and adequate education. This research aims at revealing the profit sharing and syirkah (cooperation) practices related to the fish caught by the local fishermen in Lhokseumawe as well as the phenomena of poverty experienced by the fishermen in Banda Sakti sub-district of Lhokseumawe. This research used a descriptive-qualitative method with various research fields. The results of this research showed that the profit sharing practices related to the fish caught by the local fishermen in Lhokseumawe involved both parties consisting of capital providers called toke boet (boat owner) and toke bangku (capital owner) which were then managed by the rakan meupakat and pawang. The syirkah was practiced due to the cooperation and agreement related to the boat and capital made by toke boet and toke bangku which were mutually managed by the managers until the processes of fish caught by the local fishermen were well completed.]
MURĀ’AH MUZAKKI PADA ZAKAT PERTANIAN DAN PERKEBUNAN DALAM PANDANGAN AL-QARADHAWI
Authors: Ainiah Ainiah
Published: February 2021

Tujuan utama fundraising zakat adalah peningkatan realisasi potensi zakat untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan mustahik zakat sehingga mereka bisa menjadi muzakki di masa yang akan datang. Tujuan ini menjadikan kegiatan fundraising lebih cenderung memperhatikan keadaan mustahik zakat dan mengenyampingkan keadaan muzakki sehingga terkesan tidak seimbang antara kedua belah pihak (muzakki dan mustahik zakat). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelusuri beberapa pertimbangan keadaan dan situasi (murā’ah) terhadap muzakki khususnya dalam zakat pertanian dan perkebunan yang dilakukan oleh Al-Qaradhawi sehingga mempengaruhi penetapan hukum (istinbaṭ aḥkām), tarjīh atau menguatkan hukum yang telah ada. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pustaka dengan analisis isi dari rujukan utama kitab “Fiqh al-Zakāh” karya Syeikh Yusuf Al-Qaradhawi. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Al-Qaradhawi berpijak pada murā’ah muzakki dalam menguatkan hukum yang telah ada seperti kepemilikan penuh, kadar zakat yang wajib ditunaikan  bergantung pada irigasi, waktu perhitungan nisab dan menunaikan zakat. Selain menguatkan hukum, Al-Qaradhawi juga men-tarjīh pendapat, diantaranya pengurangan al-matlūbat al-hallah sebelum perhitungan nisab. Al-Qaradhawi juga mempunyai sikap untuk menetapkan hukum yang tidak tertera dalam Nash berdasarkan murā’ah muzakki yaitu menetapkan kadar wajib zakat sebesar 7,5% bagi yang mengalami keseimbangan antara pemakaian irigasi dengan beban dan tadah hujan (tanpa beban). [The main goal of zakah fundraising is to increase the realization of zakah potential to create the mustahik zakah’s welfare so that they can become muzakki in the future. This goal makes fundraising activities tend to pay attention to the condition of mustahik zakat instead of the condition of muzakki so that it seems unbalanced between the two parties (muzakki and mustahik zakah). This study aims to explore several considerations of circumstances and situations (murā'ah) to muzakki, especially in agricultural zakah that is carried by Al-Qaradhawi that affects the legal establishment (istinbaṭ aḥkām), tarjīh or strengthens the existing laws. This research is library research with content analysis from the book of "Fiqh al-Zakāh" by Syeikh Yusuf Al-Qaradhawias as the main reference. The findings show that Al-Qaradhawi stood on murā'ah muzakki in strengthening existing laws such as full ownership, the amount of zakah to be paid that depends on irrigation, and time in calculating nisab and paying it. In addition, to strengthening the existing laws, Al-Qaradawi also did tarjih the opinions, among of them is the reduction of al-matlūbat al-hallah before calculating the nisab. Al-Qaradhawi also has a legal stance to stipulate a law based on murā'ah muzakki that is not stated in Nash, which is to determine the compulsory level of zakat at 7.5% for those who experience both cost irrigation and non-cost irrigation, equally.]
SIESTA as a universal unbiased proteomics approach for identification and prioritization of enzyme substrates 
Authors: Saei Amir Ata , Beusch Christian M. , Sabatier Pierre , Wells Juan Astorga , Gharibi Hassan , Meng Zhaowei , Chernobrovkin Alexey , Rodin Sergey , Näreoja Katja , Thorsell Ann-Gerd , Karlberg Tobias , Cheng Qing , Lundström Susanna L. , Gaetani Massimiliano , Végvári Ákos , Arnér Elias S.J. , Schüler Herwig , Zubarev Roman A.
Published: February 2021

This protocol describes the proteomics technique called System-wide Identification and prioritization of Enzyme Substrates by Thermal Analysis or SIESTA 1,2. SIESTA can be used for universal discovery of enzyme substrates that shift in thermal stability or solubility upon post-translational modification (PTM). Experimental design, proteomics sample preparation and data analysis are the key stages of this protocol. Data analysis can be performed using our SIESTA package hosted on GitHub 3. When performed with classical thermal proteome profiling (TPP), the protocol will take 5 days for sample preparation and 14 days of sample analysis by mass spectrometry (the current protocol). If our high-throughput version of TPP called Proteome Integral Solubility Alteration assay (PISA) 4 is used instead, the sample analysis time by mass spectrometry is reduced to 1-2 days for the same number of conditions.
Metabolic turnover and dynamics of RNA modifications by 13C labelling
Authors: Gameiro Paulo A , Foskolou Iosifina P , Encheva Vesela , Santos Mariana Silva dos , MacRae James I , Johnson Randall S , Ule Jernej
Published: February 2021

RNA methylation regulates various aspects of RNA metabolism, and dynamic modulation ofRNA modifications has emerged as a major effector in cellular transitions. Yet, we lack quantitativemethods to comprehensively assess methylation dynamics, its features and regulatory inputs, acrossRNA modifications. We developed 13C-dynamods, an isotopic labelling approach using [13C-methyl]-methionine, to quantify the turnover of base modifications in newly synthesized RNA. This turnover-basedapproach resolved the contributions of mRNA vs. ncRNA modifications within polyadenylatedRNA and uncovered the distinct kinetics of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and 7-methylguanosine (m7G)in mRNA. Moreover, we obtained converging evidence indicating presence of N6,N6-dimethyladenosine (m62A) in non-ribosomal RNA, in particular tRNA and rapidly decaying RNAs.Finally, we showed that mRNA methylation dynamics is coordinated with ribonucleotide biosynthesisduring T-cell activation, and revealed post-transcriptional lability of m6A upon metabolic stress. Thus,13C-dynamods enables studies of origin, maintenance and regulation of RNA modifications understeady-state and non-stationary conditions.
Smartphone Based Alerting of First Responders During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ganter Julian , Damjanovic Domagoj , Trummer Georg , Busch Hans-Jörg , Baldas Klemens , Hänsel Mike , Müller Michael Patrick
Published: February 2021

Background: Smartphone Alerting Systems (SAS) for first responders potentially shorten the resuscitation-free interval of patients with acute cardiac arrest. During the COVID-19 pandemic, many systems were suspended due to potential risks for the responders. Therefore, a COVID-19 concept for the SAS in Freiburg/Germany was established and evaluated.
Methods: Due to the pandemic, SAS was stopped in March 2020. A concept for a safe restart was elaborated with provision of a set with ventilation bag/mask, airway filter and personal protective equipment (PPE) for every volunteer. A standard operating procedure followed the COVID-19 guidelines of the European Resuscitation Council (ERC). Willingness of the participants to respond alarms during the pandemic was investigated using an online survey.
Results: The system was restarted in May 2020. The willingness to respond to alarms was lower during the pandemic without PPE. It remained lower than before the pandemic when the volunteers had been equipped with PPE, but the alarm response rate remained at approximately 50% during the ongoing pandemic.
Conclusions: When volunteers are equipped with PPE, the operation of a SAS does not need to be paused, and the willingness to respond remains high among first responders.
The effect of CYP7B1 polymorphisms on the risk of coronary heart disease in Hainan Han population
Authors: Liang Tiebiao , Zhang Xianbo , Liang Anshan , Wu Haiqing , Wang Qi , He Jun , Long Ming , Jin Tianbo
Published: February 2021

Background Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of human death worldwide. Genetic factors play an important role in the occurrence of CHD. Our study is designed to investigate the influence of CYP7B1 polymorphisms on CHD risk.Methods In this case-control study, 508 CHD patients and 510 healthy individuals were recruited to determine the correlation between CYP7B1 polymorphisms (rs7836768, rs6472155, and rs2980003) and CHD risk. The associations were evaluated by computing odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) with logistic regression analysis. The association between SNP-SNP interaction and CHD susceptibility was carried out by multifactor dimensionality reduction analyses.Results Our study found that rs6472155 is significantly associated with an increased risk of CHD in age > 60 years (OR 2.20, 95 % CI = 1.07–4.49, p = 0.031), women (OR 3.17, 95 % CI = 1.19–8.44, p = 0.021), and non-smokers (3.43, 95 % CI = 1.16–10.09, p = 0.025). Rs2980003 polymorphism has a lower risk of CHD in drinkers (OR 0.47, 95 % CI = 0.24–0.91, p = 0.025). Besides, it was found that rs6472155 polymorphism was associated with uric acid level (p = 0.034).Conclusion Our study indicated that CYP7B1 polymorphisms are related to the risk of CHD, which provides a new perspective for prevent of CHD.
Clinical evaluation of rapid point of care antigen tests for diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Koeleman Johannes G.M. , Brand Henk , Man Stijn J. de , Ong David
Published: February 2021

Purpose: The RT-qPCR in respiratory specimens is the gold standard for diagnosing acute COVID-19 infections. However, this test takes considerable time before test results become available, thereby delaying diagnosed COVID-19 patients to be treated and isolated immediately. Rapid antigen tests could overcome this problem and therefore a large number of COVID-19 rapid antigen tests have been developed. Methods: In this study clinical performances of five rapid antigen tests were compared to RT-qPCR in upper respiratory specimens from 80 patients. In addition, the rapid antigen test with the best test characteristics (Romed) was evaluated in a large prospective collection of randomly selected upper respiratory specimens from 900 different COVID-19 suspected patients (300 emergency room patients, 300 nursing home patients and 300 health care workers) in the period from October 24 to November 15, 2020. Results: Overall specificity was almost 100% and sensitivity ranged from 55.0% to 80.0%. The clinical specificity of the Romed test was 99.8% (95% CI 98.9-100). Overall clinical sensitivity in the study population was 73.3% (95% CI 67.9-78.2), whereas sensitivity in the different groups varied from 65.3% to 86.7%. Sensitivity was highest in patients with short-term symptoms. In a population with a COVID-19 prevalence of 1% the negative predictive value in all patients was 99.7%. Conclusion: There is a large variability in diagnostic performance between rapid antigen tests. The Romed rapid antigen test showed a good clinical performance in patients with high viral loads, which makes this antigen test suitable for rapid identification of COVID-19 infected patients.
Impact of a dementia-friendly program on detection and management of patients with cognitive impairment and delirium in acute-care hospital units: a non-equivalent control group design
Authors: Weldingh Nina , Mellingsæter Marte , Hegna Bendik , Benth Jūratė Šaltytė , Einvik Gunnar , Juliebø Vibeke , Thommessen Bente , Kirkevold Marit
Published: February 2021

Background
Frail older persons with cognitive impairment (CI) are at special risk of experiencing delirium during acute hospitalisation.
The purpose of this study was to
investigate whether a dementia-friendly hospital program
contributes to improved detection and management of patients with
CI and risk of delirium at an acute-care hospital in Norway.
Furthermore, we aimed to explore whether the program affected the prevalence of delirium, pharmacological treatment, 30-day re-hospitalisation, 30-day mortality and institutionalisation afterwards.
Methods
This study had a non-equivalent control group design and a historical control group. It was conducted at two different medical wards at a large acute-care hospital in Norway from September 2018 to December 2019. A total of 423 acute hospitalised patients 75 years of age or older were included in the study. Delirium screening and cognitive tests were recorded by research staff with the Four Assessment Test (4AT) and the Confusion Assessment Measure (CAM), while demographic and medical information was recorded from patient journals.
Results
Implementation of the dementia-friendly hospital program did not show any significant effect on the identification of patients with CI. However, the proportion of the patients with CI who received preventive measures increased by 32.2% (P < .001), compared to the control group. The share of patients screened with 4AT within 24 hours increased from 0–35.5% (P < .001). Furthermore, the number of patients with CI who were prescribed antipsychotic/hypnotic medications was reduced by 24.5% (P < .001). There were no differences in delirium, 30-day readmission or 30-day mortality.
Conclusions
Implementation of a model for early screening and multifactorial nonpharmacological interventions for patients with CI and delirium using quality improvement methodology may improve management of this patient group, increase staff awareness of family involvement, and reduce prescriptions of antipsychotics, hypnotics and sedatives.
Trial registration:
The protocol of this study was retrospectively registered in the ClinicalTrials.gov Protocol Registration and Results System with the registration number: NCT04737733 and date of registration: 03/02/2021.
Regorafenib combined with transarterial chemoembolization for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a real world study
Authors: Han Yue , Cao Guang , Sun Bin , Wang Jian , Yan Dong , Xu Haifeng , Shi Qinsheng , Liu Zechuan , Zhi Weihua , Xu Liang , Liu Bojun , Zou Yinghua
Published: February 2021

Background: The benefits and tolerability of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with regorafenib as a second-line therapy has not been reported for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To explore the benefits and tolerability of TACE combined with second-line regorafenib in patients with unresectable advanced HCC and failure to first-line treatment.Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective study of patients with progression after first-line sorafenib and/or lenvatinib between 01/2019 and 04/2020 at four tertiary hospitals in China. The patients were treated with TACE. Then, 5-7 days after the first TACE, the patients started taking regorafenib for 3 weeks every 4-week cycles. The overall survival (OS), time to progression (TTP), progression-free survival (PFS), and adverse events (AEs) were observed.Results: The median follow-up was 5.6 (range: 0.7, 17.0) months. The median age was 60 (range: 35, 79) years. There were 32 (84.2%) males. The patients underwent a median of three TACE sessions (range, 1-13). The initial doses of regorafenib were 20 mg/d (n=1, 2.6%), 80 mg/d (n=10, 26.3%), 120 mg/d (n=15, 39.5%), and 160 mg/d (n=11, 28.9%). The incidence of grade 3/4 AEs was 15.8%. Two patients stopped regorafenib due to AEs. The median OS was 14.3 months. The median PFS and TTP were 9.1 (95% CI: 4.0, 14.2) and 9.1 (95% CI: 5.5, 12.8) months, respectively.Conclusions: The present study provides real-world evidence indicating that regorafenib combined with TACE was beneficial and tolerable in patients with unresectable HCC. Additional prospective large-scale studies are required for confirmation.
The one-year outcomes of life-sustaining treatments in intensive care units among cancer patients at the end of life stage in Taiwan: A retrospective design.
Authors: Hsiao Fei-Hsiu , Lin Chen-Wei , Ku Shih-Chi , Wang Hao-Chien , Kuo Lu-Cheng
Published: February 2021

Background

Terminal cancer patients’ admission to intensive care unit (ICU) remains a controversial issue and there is a lack of information about their prognosis after ICU life-sustaining treatments. This one-year study aimed to compared the impacts of life-sustaining treatments and utilization of hospital care prior to ICU admission on mortality rates between cancer and non-cancer patients at the end of life stage.
Methods

This study adopted a one-year longitudinal retrospective design. Data from chart reviewing at the general hospital with 44 beds of ICU included the terminally ill patients’ demographic background, diseases, DNR status and life-sustaining treatments, utilization of hospital care one-year prior to ICU admission, and death at ICU and one-year post-ICU discharge.
Results

The higher mortality rates at ICU and one-year after ICU discharge were found in cancer group than non-cancer group (Odds ratio = 0.742; CI = 0.511–1.012, p = 0.043) (Odds ratio = 0.225; CI = 0.121–0.417, p < 0.001). Compared with non-cancer group (14%), there were lower withdrawal rates in cancer group (6.5%). No DNR designation prior to ICU admission and near half of families (49.4%) in cancer group refused to receive hospice care consultation in ICU. After adjusting for age and APACHE II scores, mechanical ventilation (Odds ratio = 2.242; CI = 1.354–4.705, p = 0.027), enteral nutrition (Odds ratio = 1.675; CI = 1.140–2.264, p = 0.004) and parenteral nutrition (Odds ratio = 1.460; CI = 0.747–2.626, p = 0.029) significantly increased the risk of ICU mortality rates among terminal cancer patients. Moreover, enteral nutrition also increased one-year mortality rates (Odds ratio = 1.558; CI = 1.112–1.985, p = 0.014). The higher usages of hospital care from general wards were found in cancer group than non-cancer group. There were no association between utilizations of hospital care and mortality rates.
Conclusions

Higher utilizations of hospital care and no DNR designation prior to ICU admission demonstrates the delay and barrier of Chinese patients and families’ acceptance of hospice care at the end of life stage.
The higher ICU mortality rates and
lower withdrawal rates urge professionals to develop
cultural-sensitive family-centered hospice care program for
terminal cancer patients in ICU.
The additional value of lower respiratory tract sampling in the diagnosis of COVID-19. A single centre real life observational study.
Authors: Morandi Luca , Torsani Francesca , Forini Giacomo , Padovani Marianna , Carnevale Aldo , Pecorelli Anna , Piattella Marco , Guzzinati Ippolito , Papi Alberto , Contoli Marco
Published: February 2021

Background: Since December 2019 SARS-CoV-2 has been identified as the causal agent for severe cases of pneumonia in China and it spread all over the world, putting great pressure on Health Systems. Despite regarded as the standard procedure, sensitivity of nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) is suboptimal. In clinical/radiological suspicion of SARS-CoV-2 infection despite negative NPS test, other tests may be required to rule out the infection. Objectives: To evaluate correlations between lower respiratory tract (LRT) testing for SARS-CoV-2 in suspect patients with 2 negative NPSs and clinical symptoms, laboratory values and the CT scan review score by the Radiological Society of North America. Method: Retrospective analysis of radiological, clinical and laboratory data from patients who underwent LRT sampling (blind nasotracheal aspiration or bronchial washing) for suspected COVID-19 after 2 negative NPS. Chest CTs were reviewed by two blinded radiologist using the Radiological Society of North America score for analysis purpose.Results: SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 7 out of 59 patients (11.9%). No clinical or laboratory value were found to correlate with positive test. CT scan showed good sensitivity (71.4%) and accuracy (81.3%), with a very high NPV (95.7%). Features scored as 'typical' showed good correlation with SARS-CoV2 detection on LRT. No complications nor staff’s infections were reported. Conclusions: In suspect cases with at least 2 negative swabs CT scan revision can be helpful in ruling out SARS-CoV-2 infection. In selected cases lower respiratory tract sampling can help in confirming COVID-19 in cases with consistent CT features.
Barriers to and Motives for Engagement with respect to Exercise Programmes for Chronic Disease Management
Authors: Bourke Alison , Niranjan Vikram , O’Connor Raymond , Woods Catherine
Published: February 2021

Background: Insufficient physical activity (PA) is a leading risk factor for premature death worldwide. The Health Service Executive (HSE) National Exercise Referral Framework (NERF) aims to improve PA levels to manage NCDs. ULMedX is one such NERF centre offering an exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (EBCR) programme with the aim of intervention development to maximise adherence for optimal health benefits. Aim: The purpose of this study was to explore participants’ experiences of the motives and barriers faced for programme commitment. Identifying areas for future development were also prioritized. Design & setting: Qualitative interviews were conducted with long-term participants and people who have dropped-out (PWDO) at ULMedX.Methods: Guided by the Theory of Planned Behaviour the 1-1 semi-structured interviews were performed, transcribed, and evaluated through thematic analysis. Results: Analysis was performed on 14 participants (50% female; mean age 67.3 years), comprising long term adherers (n=7; 13-month duration, 64% of classes) and PWDO (n=7; 2.8 month duration, 22% of classes). Three major factors affecting attendance emerged: social support, perceived outcomes from participation and practical barriers to attendance. Areas for future development included provision of evening and advanced classes, psychological support, more exercise variety, more educational seminars, new members start as their own group. Conclusion: Individuals were more likely to have had a better experience and commit to the programme if they believed involvement would benefit their physical and mental health, increase their exercise motivation by engendering a positive attitude to exercise, and that the ability to attend was within their control.
The Predictive Value of Vessels Encapsulating Tumor Clusters in Treatment Optimization for Recurrent Early-stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Chen Zhi-Yuan , Guo Zhi-Xing , Lu Liang-He , Mei Jie , Lin Wen-Ping , Li Shao-Hua , Wei Wei , Guo Rong-Ping
Published: February 2021

Background: The predictive value of vessels encapsulating tumor clusters (VETC) in recurrent early-stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the prognostic significance of VETC in patients with recurrent early-stage HCC after repeat hepatic resection (RHR) or radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Methods: From December 2005 to December 2016, 138 patients receiving RHR and 188 patients receiving RFA were recruited. VETC was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining for CD34. The survival outcomes of patients with VETC pattern or not were investigated. Results: There was no significant difference between the RHR and RFA groups in disease-free survival (DFS) or overall survival (OS) as determined by univariate analysis of the whole cohort. In the subgroup analysis of the VETC-positive cohort, the patients in the RHR group showed a longer median DFS time in contrast to those in the RFA group (15.0 vs 5.0 months, P=0.001). Similarly, the patients in the RHR group showed a longer median OS time in contrast to those in the RFA group (39.5 vs 19 months, P=0.001). In the VETC-negative cohort, no significant differences in DFS and OS rates between the RHR and RFA groups were observed (P>0.05).Conclusions: The results of our study suggested that RHR was relatively safe and superior to RFA in improving survival outcomes for recurrent early-stage HCC after initial hepatectomy. Furthermore, the VETC pattern may represent a reliable marker for selecting HCC patients who may benefit from RHR.
Salicylic acid has allelopathy, but wheat and faba bean intercropping can alleviate faba bean fusarium wilt under salicylic acid stress.
Authors: Lv Jiaxing , Li Yu , Chen Ling , Guo Yuting , Dong Kun , Dong Yan
Published: February 2021

BackgroundThe goals of this study were to evaluate the role of salicylic acid in the continuous cropping obstacle of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) and explore how intercropping with wheat alleviates these obstacles. We designed a hydroponic pot experiment to study the effects of exogenous salicylic acid on the occurrence of Fusarium wilt, seedling growth, physiological resistance of faba bean and pathogenicity of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fabae (FOF).ResultsThe results showed that salicylic acid significantly increased the incidence and disease index of faba bean, inhibited the growth of seedlings and reduced the physiological resistance of faba bean. An in vitro study of FOF found that salicylic acid increased the ability of the organism to produce fusaric acid, cellulase and pectinase, which increased the susceptibility of faba bean to Fusarium wilt. Interestingly, intercropping with wheat significantly reduced the exudation of salicylic acid from the faba bean root system, which directly reduced the deleterious effects of salicylic acid. Alternatively, intercropping also increased the ability of faba bean to defend itself from the aspect of physiological resistance and indirectly reduced the autotoxicity of salicylic acid.ConclusionsIn conclusion, we found that salicylic acid, as an autotoxic substance, deleteriously affected the growth of faba bean, but intercropping with wheat could alleviate its autotoxicity. This finding suggests the existence of an important mechanism in which intercropping alleviates the obstacles in continuous cropping and controls Fusarium wilt.
Clinical Efficacy and Therapeutic Value of Delayed Surgery in Patients With Symptomatic Old Thoracolumbar Fractures
Authors: Li Pan , Huang Yunfei , Liang Zhuowen , Gan Lu , Wei Bin , Ye Zhengxu
Published: February 2021

Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the clinical efficacy and therapeutic value of posterior decompression reduction, bone grafting fusion, and internal fixation for treatment of symptomatic old thoracolumbar fractures. Methods: Retrospective analysis was conducted for 14 patients (9 men, 5 women; average age 40.1 years) with old thoracolumbar fractures who underwent posterior operation. American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) scores were used to evaluate neurologic recovery. Recovery of vertebral body height, Cobb angle in the sagittal plane, spinal canal volume ratio (%) and bone graft fusion were analyzed by radiography and computed tomography on different follow-up times. Results: Mean follow-up was 27.1 months (23–36 months). Of three patients with ASIA grade A, 2 had improved postoperative urination and defecation, although no classification change. Preoperative ASIA score for eight patients with incomplete injury was grade B; four patients recovered to grade C at final follow-up. Preoperative ASIA score was C in three patients, increased to D in two patients and returned to normal E in one patient. Preoperative results showed average injured vertebra height loss rate decreased from 50.4% to 8.9%; average Cobb angle on the sagittal plane recovered from 39.6° to 6.9°; and the average spinal canal volume ratio recovered from 33.8% to 5.9%. Bony fusion was achieved; local lumbago and leg pain were relieved to some extent. No patients exhibited loosening of the fracture treated by internal fixation, pseudoarthrosis, or other related serious complications.Conclusion: Treatment of old thoracolumbar fractures by posterior decompression reduction, bone grafting fusion, and internal fixation can relieve spinal cord compression, improve neurologic function of some patients (ASIA grades B–C), effectively relieve pain, correct deformity, restore biomechanical stability, and significantly improve quality of life.
Telmisartan Potentiates Insulin Secretion Via Ion Channels, Independent of The AT1 Receptor and PPARγ.
Authors: Liu Tao , Cui Lijuan , Xue Huan , Yang Xiaohua , Liu Mengmeng , Zhi Linping , Yang Huanhuan , Liu Zhihong , Zhang Min , Guo Qing , He Peifeng , Liu Yunfeng , Zhang Yi
Published: February 2021

Background and aim: Angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor blockers (ARBs), as antihypertensive drugs, have drawn attention for their benefits to individuals with diabetes and prediabetes. However, the direct effects of ARBs on insulin secretion remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the insulinotropic effect of ARBs and the underlying electrophysiological mechanism. Methods: Islets isolated from Wistar rats or db/db mice were incubated with drugs under different glucose conditions for 30 minutes, then supernatant liquid was collected for insulin secretion. Intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) levels of β-cells were measured by calcium imaging technology. Patch-clamp technology was applied to detect effects on action potential duration (APD), Voltage-dependent potassium (Kv) channels, and voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCC). In our in vivo experiment, the 8-week-old and 11-week-old db/db mice were separately administered acute oral acute oral telmisartan treatment (15 mg/kg), then the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed to observe the insulinotropic effect of telmisartan at 2 hours following drug intake.Results: Only telmisartan among the three ARBs（telmisartan, valsartan, and irbesartan）exhibited an insulin secretagogue role in rat islets. Independent of AT1 receptor and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), telmisartan exerted effects on ion channels including Kv channels and L-type VGCCs to promote extracellular Ca2+ influx, thereby potentiating insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner. Furthermore, we identified that telmisartan directly inhibited Kv2.1 channel on a Chinese hamster ovary cell line with Kv2.1 channel overexpression. Acute exposure of db/db mice to a telmisartan dose equivalent to therapeutic doses in humans resulted in lower blood glucose and increased plasma insulin concentration in OGTT. We further observed the telmisartan-induced insulinotropic and electrophysiological effects on pathological pancreatic islets isolated from db/db mice. Conclusions: Our results establish an important insulinotropic function of telmisartan distinct from other ARBs in the treatment of diabetes.
Topological and Metagenomic Evidence For Intensified Bacterial-Fungal Interactions in Mangrove Root Interior
Authors: Zhou Zhengyuan , Hu Ruiwen , Ni Yanmei , Zhuang Wei , Luo Zhiwen , Huang Weiming , Zhong Qiuping , Yan Qingyun , He Zhili , Wang Cheng
Published: February 2021

Background: Plant roots host a repertoire of bacteria and fungi, whose ecological interactions could improve their functions and plant performance. However, potential interactions and underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown in root-associated microbial communities at a continuous fine-scale. Results: We analyzed microbial intra- and inter-domain network topologies, keystone taxa, and interaction-related genes across four compartments (non-rhizosphere, rhizosphere, episphere and endosphere) from a soil-mangrove root continuum, using amplicon and metagenome sequencing technologies. We found that both intra- and inter-domain networks displayed notable differences in the structure and topology across four compartments. Compared to three peripheral compartments, the endosphere was a distinctive compartment with more intensive interactions in bacterial-fungal network than in bacterial or fungal network, which could be related to three bacterial keystone taxa (Vibrio, Anaerolineae and Desulfarculaceae) detected in the endosphere as they are known to intensify inter-domain interactions with fungi and stimulate biofilm formation. Also, high abundances of genes involved in cell-cell communications by quorum sensing (rhlI, lasI, pqsH and lasR) and aerobic cobamide biosynthesis (cobG, cobF and cobA) were detected in the endosphere.Conclusions: Our results reveal intensified inter-domain interactions of endophytes in the mangrove roots, creating a distinct micro-environment to promote a biofilm life-style.