bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Nutritional Content of Teff Varieties Grown in Oromia, Ethiopia
Authors: Daba Megersa
Published: February 2025

Teff is among the staple cereal crops mostly produced and the daily consumption of Ethiopians is majorly dependent on Injera. Teff has the lion’s share of injera preparation, which might be due to nutritional qualities, shelf life merit and consumers’ preference for the product. This study aimed to evaluate the proximate and minerals content of fifteen teff varieties which were new and currently used in production in Oromia Region, Ethiopia. The proximate and mineral content of these varieties were analyzed by using AOAC Official methods. The result showed that the mean content of moisture, ash, crude protein, crude fat, carbohydrate and energy was 9.28%, 2.92%, 9.34%, 3.06%, 75.39% and 366.56kCal respectively. While, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium, manganese and zinc mean contents were determined 548.79ppm, 1552.64ppm, 539.45ppm, 4614.08ppm, 122.79ppm and 31.67ppm respectively. The study revealed that there were significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) among proximate and minerals content in fifteen teff varieties which could be attributed to differences in varieties. Felagot teff variety had superior protein, fat, calcium, iron and zinc contents. Teff could be a good source of protein, calcium, iron and zinc which are limited in other cereals. Proximate and mineral contents could be affected by variety and environment. Therefore, further research needs to be conducted on the effect of the environment on proximate and mineral compositions.
Reflexões acerca das dificuldades enfrentadas por docentes em sala de aula no ensino de crianças e jovens na atualidade
Authors: Alves Pereira Abelardo , Teixeira Elisângela Lucas
Published: February 2025

Objetivos: Este artigo busca apresentar problemáticas gerais enfrentadas por docentes em sala de aula, que prejudicam o ensino de crianças e jovens de diferentes graus acadêmicos na atualidade. Assim, a partir das reflexões postas será possível compreender as dimensões do problema, a responsabilidade dos agentes envolvidos no ensino, e os caminhos para alcançar uma educação de qualidade.
Métodos: O método científico deste artigo foi a revisão de literatura bibliográfica, buscou-se apresentar uma diversidade de fontes a fim de torná-lo enriquecedor. A seleção de quais fenômenos foram abordados neste estudo foram escolhidos com base em deduções, guiadas a partir das experiências de vida dos autores. Dessa forma, estudos e opiniões de autores de diferentes áreas do conhecimento tornam possíveis as discussões propostas nesse artigo.
Conclusões: A educação na atualidade vem sofrendo influência negativa de inúmeros fenômenos, de tal forma que cabe aos agentes envolvidos no processo educacional —professores, alunos, pais, e o próprio Estado— reconhecerem sua responsabilidade e atuarem de forma ativa a amenizar essa questão, não depositando sobre os professores toda a responsabilidade pelo ensino.
Contribuições Teóricas: Esse estudo busca apresentar que na atualidade o ato de ensinar tornou-se mais árduo e penoso para o professor, que vem enfrentando dificuldades para obter êxito em sua missão de garantir a efetivação do direito à educação. Assim, é apresentado reflexões acerca desse grave problema para torná-lo em evidência na sociedade, sobretudo porque é necessário todo um engajamento social para enfrentá-lo.
CAUSAL FACTORS AFFECTING BUSINESS MODEL INNOVATION AND SUSTAINABLE PERFORMANCE OF MONTHLY RENTAL APARTMENTS IN THAILAND
Authors:   Doctor of Business Administration Program in Marketing Management, College of Graduate Studies in Management, Sripatum University, Bangkok, Thailand, Loogsorn Thanusak
Published: February 2025

This dissertation investigates the causal factors influencing business innovation models and sustainable performance in Thai apartments. The research aims to explore the impact of key factors, including green leadership, digital service transformation, and internal capabilities, on business innovation and sustainability. A comprehensive theoretical framework integrates these components using a systemic analysis that highlights the interconnections between each variable. Findings reveal that green leadership significantly enhances environmentally friendly practices and green innovation, while digital transformation improves operational efficiency and competitive advantage. Internal capabilities foster ongoing innovation and sustainability, contributing to a business model responsive to market and environmental demands, leading to long-term sustainability. This study provides valuable insights for apartment entrepreneurs, academics, and researchers, supporting sustainable business practices in Thailand's real estate sector.
CAUSAL FACTORS OF COMPETENCY AN INFLUENCING THE STRATEGY FOR THE POTENTIALITY DEVELOPMENT OF LABOR ON THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY IN THAILAND
Authors:   Doctor of Business Administration Major in Strategic Management Graduate College of Management, Sripatum University, Thailand, Khieopud Anan
Published: February 2025

The objective of research are 1) to study the causal factors affecting the competency and potentiality development of labor on the automotive industry. 2) to study the influencing of competency that affected to the potentiality development of labor on the automotive industry.
3) to create a model of causal factors of competency an influencing the strategy for the potentiality development of labor on the automotive industry. This article is to present knowledge derived from a literature review on Causal Factors of Competency an Influencing the Strategy for the Potentiality Development of Labor on the Automotive Industry in Thailand. The article aims to explain the meaning, background, components, and relationships of variables related to Competency and Strategy for the Potentiality Development of Labor on the Automotive Industry in Thailand. Based on the literature review, the variables commonly used to study Innovative Leadership, Organization Management, Human Resources Management, Competency, Strategy for the Potentiality Development of Labor on the Automotive Industry.
FACTORS EFFECTING OF HOTEL’S REVISIT INTENTION AMONG TOURISTS IN THAILAND
Authors:   Sripatum University, Bangkok, Thailand, Boontos Anusit , Uon Vichit ,   Sripatum University, Bangkok, Thailand
Published: February 2025

The objective of this article is to present knowledge derived from a literature review on causal factors of hotel’s revisit intention among tourists. The article to explain the meaning, background, components, and relationships of variable related to hotel’s revisit intention among tourists. Methodology by documentary research from 250 articles, with the source of the articles from various databases and analyzed data by content analysis. Based on the literature review found that the variables commonly used to study hotel’s revisit intention among tourists include customer experience, service quality, brand image, and customer satisfaction.The objective of this article is to present knowledge derived from a literature review on causal factors of hotel’s revisit intention among tourists. The article to explain the meaning, background, components, and relationships of variable related to hotel’s revisit intention among tourists. Methodology by documentary research from 250 articles, with the source of the articles from various databases and analyzed data by content analysis. Based on the literature review found that the variables commonly used to study hotel’s revisit intention among tourists include customer experience, service quality, brand image, and customer satisfaction.
Health Concerns as the Fundamental Dietary Choices for Potential Stunting Preventions: a Qualitative Study
Authors: Soesanti Inne , Taufiqurrahman Taufiqurrahman , Intiyati Ani , Hidayati Sri
Published: February 2025

Background: Pasongsongan Village lies in the Regency of Sumenep on the Island of Madura. It is a village bordered on the north by the Java Sea which is abundant of fish majorly consumed by adults. Whereas, children under two years old are scarcely served with fish in their diets. 
Objectives: The study aims to observe any factors relevant to mothers’ choices in serving meals for children under two years of age.
Methods: This study used a qualitative approach with an ethnographic design. The informants were eleven mothers and grandmothers whose children were under two years old. Data was collected by way of interviews and observations. Subsequent to the data collection, the triangulation was carried out. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.
Results: The results showed that children under two years of age were provided with complementary foods prior to the age of 6 months old. Four children were barely fed with fish due to numerous myths regarding worm infestation in toddlers of below two years old if they consume fish or any types of animal food. Moreover, six children were served with fish and animal food due to health issues.
Conclusions: In conclusion, the mothers’ choices for children’s meals under two years of age in this village were highly influenced by cultural and health concerns. The implication of this study was that selecting food for toddlers under two years old should bring up a positive impact on their growth.
The Correlation between Macronutrient Intake and Physical Activity with Overnutrition among Fifth-Grade Students at Banjarbendo State Elementary
Authors: Mujayanto Mujayanto , Pratiwi Echa Rahmalia
Published: February 2025

Background: Overweight status, which falls under the category of overweight and obesity, has become a serious and growing global health problem, especially among school-aged children. Unbalanced nutrition and low physical activity are the main factors contributing to the increasing prevalence of malnutrition among children in Indonesia.
Objectives: This study aims to analyze the correlation between macronutrient intake and physical activity with nutritional status (overweight and obesity) in fifth-grade students at Banjarbendo State Elementary School, Sidoarjo.
Methods: This study employed an observational analytical method with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 64 fifth-grade students who were randomly selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected through anthropometric measurements to determine nutritional status based on body mass index-for-age (BMI-for-age) as well as interviews to assess food intake using a 2x24 hour food recall and physical activity using a 2x24 hour physical activity recall. Data analysis was carried out using Spearman’s correlation test with a 95% confidence level (α=0.05).
Results: The results indicated a significant correlation between macronutrient intake, physical activity, and nutritional status. Most students with excessive macronutrient intake and low physical activity were found to be overweight or obese
Conclusions: A significant correlation between macronutrient intake, physical activity level, and nutritional status was observed. It is important to raise awareness of balanced nutrition and encourage physical activity in children to prevent overnutrition and its associated health problems in the future.
Development of High Dietary Fiber Cereal Bar as Emergency Food Product and The Chemical-Microbiological Properties and Nutritional Content
Authors: Radiati Ani , Sumarto Sumarto , Hafid Fahmi , Kamelia Emma , Nurcahyani Lia , Mariani Dini , Badriah Siti , Muhandri Tjahja
Published: February 2025

Background: Dietary fiber is essential for maintaining digestive health, especially during emergencies with limited food availability.
Objectives: To analyze the chemical, microbiological, and nutritional properties of high-fiber cereal bars designed as emergency food.
Methods: This study used an experimental design. The cereal bars were made from rice crisps and oats and tested based on chemical and microbiological parameters. Chemical analysis included dietary fiber, carbohydrates, protein, fat, minerals, and vitamins while the microbiological analysis covered total plate count (TPC) and detection of pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus aureus in accordance with food safety standards from the Indonesian Food and Drug Authority (BPOM). The testing was conducted from November 3–15, 2023, at PT Saraswanti Indo Genetech laboratory, Indonesia.
Results: The test showed that the mixed berry cereal bar contained 9.43% dietary fiber, exceeding BPOM standards. The product was free from heavy metal contamination (arsenic, cadmium, mercury, lead, and tin) and showed no trans fats. Microbiological tests confirmed that the product was safe from pathogenic microbes, with total plate count (TPC) and Enterobacteriaceae  within safe limits. The product also did not contain Salmonella or Staphylococcus aureus.
Conclusions: This high-fiber cereal bar meets strict food safety and nutritional standards, making it suitable for development as emergency food. Its high fiber content and lack of harmful contaminants make it safe and nutritious for disaster victims. Continued testing and development with diverse flavors and formulations are recommended to improve acceptance across age groups in emergency situations.
Rendahnya Pengetahuan Gizi Ibu dan Defisiensi Asupan Energi Balita sebagai Faktor Risiko Stunting di Wilayah Pertanian
Authors: Zhafira Shabrina Nuril , Pangestuti Dina Rahayuning , Kartini Apoina
Published: February 2025

Latar Belakang: Stunting adalah salah satu permasalahan gizi paling signifikan di Indonesiea, persentase kejadian tertinggi dibandingkan masalah gizi lainnya. Faktor yang mempengaruhi meliputi asupan makanan balita, pola asuh, kesehatan lingkungan, pelayanan kesehatan, pengetahuan ibu, serta kerawanan pangan.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini mempunyai tujuan mengidentifikasi aspek yang mempengaruhi kejadian stunting di Kecamatan Sumowono.
Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain case-control. Sampel kasus yang digunakan merupakan ibu dengan balita stunting usia 12-59 bulan, sementara sampel kontrol adalah ibu dengan balita normal. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Variabel yang diteliti yaitu pengetahuan ibu, ketahanan pangan, asupan gizi, usia ibu, pekerjaan ayah, pendapatan keluarga, penerima BLT, pola asuh, pelayanan kesehatan, dan kesehatan lingkungan. Data karakteristik responden, pengetahuan ibu, dan ketahanan pangan keluarga diperoleh melalui kuesioner dan observasi, sedangkan data asupan gizi balita didapatkan dengan memakai formulir recall 24 jam. Analisis data menggunakan analisis bivariat (chi-square) dan multivariat (regresi logistik ganda).
Hasil: Mayoritas ibu dengan balita stunting mempunyai pengetahuan buruk (81,1%) dan keluarga rawan pangan (86,5%). Hasil uji bivariat memperlihatkan hubungan antara pekerjaan ayah (p-value=0,019), pendapatan keluarga (p-value=0,001), pengetahuan ibu (p-value=0,001), ketahanan pangan keluarga (p-value=0,001), asupan gizi balita berupa energi (p-value=0,001), protein (p-value=0,001), vitamin A (p-value=0,036), vitamin D (p-value=0,027), seng (p-value=0,036), pola asuh (p-value=0,011), dan kesehatan lingkungan (p-value=0,001) dengan kejadian stunting. Faktor dominan yang mempunyai pengaruh terhadap kejadian stunting berdasarkan hasil analisis bivariat dan multivariat adalah pengetahuan ibu (OR=19,144; CI:1,919–190,953; p-value=0,012) dan asupan energi balita (OR=227,996; CI:16,899–3076,100; p-value=0,001). 
Kesimpulan: Kejadian stunting di Kecamatan Sumowono dipengaruhi pengetahuan ibu dan asupan energi balita.
Karakteristik Siswa, Daya Terima, dan Kesesuaian Standar Porsi dengan Angka Kecukupan Gizi pada Penyelenggaraan Makan Siang di SD Al Furqan Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Fitriani Janiyah Intan , Sulistiyani Sulistiyani
Published: February 2025

Latar Belakang: Program penyelenggaraan makanan di sekolah mampu menyumbang 30% total kalori. Porsi makan siang yang sedikit menyebabkan asupan zat gizi siswa menjadi berkurang. SD Al Furqan Jember merupakan salah satu SD yang telah melaksanakan penyelenggaran makan siang hampir sepuluh tahun. Namun, hingga saat ini belum ada evaluasi tentang kesesuaian porsi yang diberikan pada siswa.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan karakteristik siswa, daya terima dan kesesuaian standar porsi pada penyelenggaraan makanan di SD Al Furqan Jember.
Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas 6 yang mengikuti makan siang di sekolah dengan jumlah 120 siswa sedangkan sampel yang diambil yaitu 61 responden.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa responden berusia 11-12 tahun, siswa perempuan lebih banyak daripada siswa laki-laki, 40 siswa memiliki status gizi normal. Daya terima makanan berdasarkan 6 indikator mayoritas dapat diterima siswa dengan menu ke-3 ayam crispy paling banyak disukai dan menu ke-8 sayur asem paling tidak disukai. Kesesuaian standar porsi dari 20 siklus menu mayoritas tidak sesuai dengan 30% AKG. Pada siswa perempuan energi, protein, lemak dan karbohidrat kategori tidak sesuai sebanyak 18 menu, 17 menu, 16 menu, 16 menu dan pada siswa laki-laki sebesar 14 menu, 13 menu, 16 menu, 17 menu. 
Kesimpulan: Menu ayam crispy merupakan menu dengan daya terima terbanyak. Standar porsi tiap menu sebagian besar tidak sesuai dengan AKG.
Hubungan Antara Pengetahuan dan Sikap Keamanan Pangan dengan Bias Optimis pada Penjamah Makanan di Kantin SMA Negeri di Kota Magelang, Indonesia
Authors: Budiningsari Dwi , Prawiningdyah Yeni , Prianto Joko , Sekarsari Kivani Amalia , Khoirunisa' Ayu
Published: February 2025

Latar Belakang: Penyakit yang disebabkan oleh makanan merupakan masalah yang signifikan di tingkat global, di mana makanan yang terdapat di lembaga pendidikan menjadi sumber keracunan makanan di Indonesia. Kurangnya perhatian akan kebersihan dan sanitasi oleh para penjamah makanan merupakan faktor utama, yang sering kali disebabkan oleh bias optimis, yang menyebabkan rendahnya perhatian terhadap prosedur yang sesuai dalam pengolahan dan penyajian makanan.
Tujuan: Menganalisis pengetahuan dan sikap keamanan pangan dan hubungannya dengan bias optimis pada penjamah makanan di kantin SMA Negeri Kota Magelang.
Metode: Penelitian yang menggunakan desain potong lintang ini diikuti oleh 41 orang responden yaitu keseluruhan penjamah makanan yang bekerja di kantin lima SMA Negeri Kota Magelang. Variabel bebas yaitu pengetahuan dan sikap keamanan pangan, sedangkan variabel terikat yaitu bias optimis. Kategori variabel pengetahuan keamanan pangan terdiri dari pengetahuan keamanan pangan baik dan buruk. Sikap keamanan pangan dikategorikan sebagai sikap positif dan sikap negatif. Kategori variabel bias optimis terdiri dari bias optimis tinggi, mungkin, dan rendah. Uji korelasi Spearman digunakan sebagai metode analisis statistik pada penelitian ini.
Hasil: Hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap keamanan pangan dengan bias optimis pada penjamah makanan di kantin SMA Negeri Kota Magelang menghasilkan p-value=0,704 dan 0,498.
Kesimpulan: Pengetahuan dan sikap keamanan pangan tidak berkorelasi signifikan dengan bias optimis pada penjamah makanan di kantin SMA Negeri Kota Magelang. Pelatihan keamanan pangan bekerja sama dengan dinas kesehatan sangat dibutuhkan untuk meningkatkan mutu produk yang dihasilkan.
Pengaruh Food Bar Berbasis Daun Katuk dan Daun Torbangun pada Profil Toksisitas Tikus Putih
Authors: Baskara Shelfia Chakarita , Nasrulloh Nanang , Marjan Avliya Quratul
Published: February 2025

Latar Belakang: Berbagai tanaman herbal yang tumbuh di Indonesia, seperti daun katuk dan daun torbangun telah diketahui memiliki banyak khasiat bagi kesehatan. Kedua tanaman ini mengandung senyawa-senyawa penting seperti vitamin, mineral, dan antioksidan yang bermanfaat bagi kesehatan manusia. Berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya, daun katuk dan daun torbangun terbukti dapat meningkatkan produksi air susu ibu. Namun, kajian mengenai manfaat dan potensi toksisitas penggunaan kedua tanaman herbal tersebut pada hewan coba masih sangat terbatas. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi dan mengidentifikasi secara komprehensif profil toksisitas yang mungkin timbul pada tikus putih setelah pemberian suplemen herbal berbasis daun katuk dan daun torbangun. Informasi ini penting untuk menilai keamanan penggunaan sediaan herbal tersebut.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat keamanan dan mengidentifikasi gejala toksisitas dari food bar yang mengandung tepung daun katuk dan daun torbangun pada tikus putih jantan galur wistar.
Metode: Penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain True Experimental Design. Sampel penelitian 32 ekor tikus putih yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok. Tikus diberi food bar tepung daun katuk dan daun torbangun dengan dosis mulai dari 1,75 mg/KgBB hingga 17,5 mg/KgBB. Pengamatan dilakukan selama 14 hari terhadap gejala toksisitas seperti perubahan kulit dan bulu, kejang, tremor, koma, dan kematian. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan uji hipotesa (ANOVA)
Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian food bar tepung daun katuk dan daun torbangun tidak menimbulkan gejala toksisitas pada tikus putih. Rerata bobot badan tikus tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kedua kelompok (p-value>0,05 yaitu dengan hasil 0,109) .
Kesimpulan: Pemberian food bar tepung daun katuk dan daun torbangun tidak memiliki sifat toksik dan aman dikonsumsi. Gejala toksisitas tidak terbukti pada tikus putih yang diberikan food bar tersebut.
Pengembangan Aplikasi My Edu-VegFruit Berbasis Android untuk Meningkatkan Konsumsi Sayur dan Buah pada Remaja
Authors: Emilia Esi , Mokmin Nur Azlina Mohamed , Hanifa Zulfa Nur , Juliarti Juliarti
Published: February 2025

Latar Belakang: Banyak remaja tidak menyadari pentingnya konsumsi sayur dan buah yang cukup untuk kesehatan tubuh. Salah satu penyebab adalah mereka tidak memahami cara mengetahui asupan sayur dan buah sehari-hari untuk memenuhi kebutuhan tubuh. Perlu pengembangan aplikasi menghitung kebutuhan sayur dan buah berbasis android untuk membantu meningkatkan konsumsi sayur dan buah pada remaja.
Tujuan: Mengembangkan aplikasi “My Edu-VegFruit” berbasis android sebagai panduan untuk mengetahui dan meningkatkan konsumsi sayur dan buah pada remaja.
Metode: Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret hingga November 2024 di Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Negeri Medan. Sampel penelitian adalah 120 mahasiswa Prog Studi Gizi angkatan 2022, yang dipilih dengan metode purposive sampling. Metode penelitian research and development dengan model pengembangan Four-D.
Hasil: Hasil analisis tahap define diketahui hanya 20% sampel mengetahui kebutuhan sayur dan 48,9% mengetahui kebutuhan buah setiap hari. Sebesar 87 responden menyatakan membutuhkan aplikasi. Hasil identifikasi disimpulkan beberapa materi yang akan ditampilkan dalam aplikasi. Tahap design dengan membuat story board aplikasi lengkap dengan fitur-fitur pendukung sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian. Tahap develop dilakukan validasi media dan materi oleh ahli media dan ahli materi. Hasil validasi menunjukkan tingkat kelayakan sebesar 92% dari ahli materi dan 91,67% dari ahli media yang termasuk kategori sangat layak. Tahap disseminate melakukan uji coba aplikasi dengan peningkatan pengetahuan tentang kebutuhan sayur dan buah menjadi 80%. Sebesar 90% sampel menyatakan puas dengan aplikasi.
Kesimpulan: Aplikasi “My Edu-VegFruit” dinilai sangat layak sebagai panduan untuk menghitung kebutuhan sayur dan buah pada remaja. Aplikasi dapat juga digunakan sebagai media edukasi gizi tentang sayur dan buah.
Factors Related to Diet Quality in Adolescent at Yadika 12 High School Depok
Authors: Hidayat Zahra Fadhlina , Marjan Avliya Quratul , Wahyuningsih Utami
Published: February 2025

Background: Adolescents, a group with high nutritional needs, are facing the triple burden of malnutrition. Depok has the highest prevalence of overweight adolescents in Indonesia. Data shows an increase in the consumption of high-fat and high-sodium foods. Technological advancements have made foods more accessible, in 2020 Indonesia had the highest food delivery service usage in Southeast Asia. These factors may negatively impact adolescent diet quality, leading to health issues and higher risks of degenerative diseases.
Objectives: This study analyzes the factors related to diet quality among adolescents at Yadika 12 High School Depok.
Methods: This quantitative study used a cross-sectional design conducted at Yadika 12 High School Depok with 108 respondents selected using stratified random sampling. The dependent variable was diet quality, while the independent variables included the frequency of food delivery services usage, high-risk consumption habits, and nutrition knowledge. Diet quality was measured using the Diet Quality Index for Adolescents (DQI-A). Other variables were assessed using questionnaires and a Food Frequency Questionnaire. Bivariate analysis performed using the Spearman test.
Results: Bivariate analysis indicated that the frequency of food delivery services usage (r=-0.044, p-value=0.654) is not associated with diet quality. In contrast, high-risk consumption habits (r=-0.256, p-value=0.007) and nutritional knowledge (r=0.217, p-value=0.024) associated with diet quality.
Conclusions: High-risk consumption habits and nutrition knowledge are factors related to the diet quality of adolescents at Yadika 12 High School Depok. Interventions and implementing balanced nutrition guidelines and other nutritional information can be effective steps to improve the diet quality of adolescents.
Classification of Readers Reception of Surah Al-Waqiah in Mujahadah Waqiah According to Hall’s Reception Theory
Authors: Ulya Ulya , Muamalah Sholihatun
Published: February 2025

Surah Al-Waqiah is believed to contain many virtues, among others, it will bring abundant sustenance and avoid poverty and destitution for its readers.  Therefore, many Muslims interact directly with it. At Al-Mawaddah Islamic Boarding School in Kudus, this interaction is embodied in the tradition named with Mujahadah Waqiah. The article aims to find out the classification of reception for residents of Al-Mawaddah as readers Surah Al-Waqiah in Mujahadah Waqiah. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, the research draws on field data collected through semi-structured interviews, non-participant observation, and documentation from caregivers, teachers, students, and community members involved in the tradition. The collected data is interpreted based on Stuart Hall's reception theory.  Based on the theory, there are two classifications the residents of Al-Mawaddah receipt Surah Al-Waqiah in Mujahadah Waqiah. Some are the dominant readers, but most of them are negotiation readers. This latest finding further confirms the theory that readers are not passive, but active. Interest factors, individual experiences, and social relations play a very important role in the reception process of the residents of the Al-Mawaddah Islamic Boarding Scholl in Kudus towards Surah Al-Waqiah.

Surah Al-Waqiah diyakini mengandung banyak keutamaan, antara lain, akan mendatangkan rezeki yang melimpah dan terhindar dari kefakiran dan kemiskinan bagi pembacanya. Oleh karenanya banyak orang Islam yang berinteraksi langsung dengannya. Interaksi warga Pesantren Al-Mawaddah di Kudus dengan Surah Al-Waqiah diimplementasikan dalam tradisi Mujahadah Waqiah. Artikel bertujuan mengetahui klasifikasi resepsi warga Pesantren Al-Mawaddah Kudus sebagai pembaca Surah Al-Waqiah dalam Mujahadah Waqiah.  Artikel ini merupakan hasil penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber datanya berasal dari para pengasuh, guru, santri, juga masyarakat sekitar yang terlibat dalam tradisi tersebut. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara semi terstruktur, observasi non-partisipatoris, dokumentasi. Data yang terkumpul diinterpretasikan berdasarkan teori resepsi Stuart Hall. Berdasarkan teori Hall, ditemukan 2 (dua) klasifikasi warga pesantren Al-Mawaddah dalam meresepsi Surah Al-Waqiah pada Mujahadah Waqiah. Sebagian sebagai pembaca dominan, namun sebagian besar mereka menjadi pembaca negosiasi. Temuan terakhir ini semakin menegaskan teori bahwa pembaca bukankah pihak yang pasif, tetapi aktif. Faktor kepentingan, pengalaman individual, relasi sosial sangat berperan dalam proses resepsi warga Pesantren al-Mawaddah Kudus terhadap Surah  Al-Waqiah.
An Opioid-Free Perioperative Pain Protocol Is Noninferior to Opioid-Containing Management
Authors: Turk Robby , Averkamp Benjamin , Hietpas Kayla , Michalek Caleb , Leas Daniel , Odum Susan M. , Hamid Nady ,   the CORE Study Group
Published: February 2025

Background:

In recent years, orthopaedic surgeons have attempted to decrease opioid consumption through multimodal pain management. However, a limited effort has been made to eliminate opioids entirely in the perioperative period. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of a novel opioid-free pain management pathway with that of an opioid-containing pathway across 5 common orthopaedic subspecialty surgical procedures.

Methods:

In a 1:1, unblinded fashion, 315 patients were randomized to a perioperative pain management pathway that was either opioid-free (n = 157) or opioid-containing (n = 158). Pain was measured with a numeric rating scale (NRS) for pain of 0 to 10 at 6 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours (the primary outcome assessing noninferiority), 2 weeks, 6 weeks, and 1 year after the surgical procedure. Data on patient characteristics, deviations from the pain management pathway, morphine milligram equivalents (MME), readmissions, adverse events, and patient-reported outcomes were collected.

Results:

There were 315 patients in the final group, with a mean age of 63.6 years. Of the patients in the study, 59.7% were female, 85.7% were White, 12.4% were Black/African-American, 1.0% were Hispanic/Latino, 0.6% were American Indian, and 0.3% were unknown. At 24 hours, the median NRS for pain in the opioid-free group (2 [interquartile range (IQR), 0 to 4]) was statistically noninferior (p < 0.0001) to the opioid-containing group (4 [IQR, 2 to 6]). Pain levels were significantly lower in the opioid-free group than in the opioid-containing group at 12 hours (p = 0.0173) and 2 weeks (p = 0.0003). Pain scores at 6 hours, 6 weeks, and 1 year were similar. Patients in the opioid-free group reported significantly greater comfort at 24 hours (p = 0.0392) and higher satisfaction with pain control (p = 0.0355) at 6 weeks. There were no reported adverse events or unplanned readmissions. Demographic characteristics were similar between the 2 groups.

Conclusions:

Across 5 common orthopaedic subspecialty procedures, an opioid-free pain management pathway was safe and effective and provided noninferior pain control at 24 hours compared with the opioid-containing pathway.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
WITHDRAWN: Phthalate intake in Chinese homes and its contribution to total intake among children
Authors: Ataei Yeganeh , Sun Yuexia , Zhu Changqi , Zhao Yuxuan
Published: February 2025

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors while they make corrections to the work. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Examining the Causes and Consequences of Medicine Theft Using Remote Tracking Technologies
Authors: Jablonski Ryan , Seim Brigitte , Carvalho Mariana , Gibson Clark
Published: February 2025

A substantial share of public medical supplies in developing countries go missing annually, contributing to citizen morbidity and mortality. While officials blame both mismanagement and theft for the losses, the opacity and fragmentation of their supply chains challenge efforts to determine the causes and levels of medicine diversion. We employ a novel research design using remote tracking devices placed in nearly 2,400 medicine boxes to assess these issues in Malawi, a country hampered by public sector corruption. Combining tracking data with survey data from 3,360 individuals and 453 health officials, we find important patterns to medicine diversion in Malawi. Following models of bureaucratic corruption, our evidence suggests individuals maximize benefits by stealing higher value medicines and in settings with less risk. We also find less diversion when deliveries occur under community-level monitoring. Finally, our results show medicine diversion predicts higher stockouts and citizen morbidity, particularly among poorer patients. Our study provides proof of concept for adapting new tracking technologies to explore more accurately the sources and consequences of medicine diversion, and offers insights about the design and management of medicine supply chains.
Preserving exposed hydrophilic bumps on multi-bioinspired slippery surface arrays unlocks high-efficiency fog collection and cleaning
Authors: Yan Yan , Wu Junda , Li Chunxiang , Dai Jiangdong
Published: February 2025

The efficiency of fog water collection technologies is inherently hindered by the long-standing dilemma of nucleation vs. transportation balance. Inspired by nature, we address this issue by preserving hydrophilic bumps on slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) through an underwater infusion strategy, creating a super-slippery fog collector with multi-scale biomimetic structures. This surface combines features from beetle carapaces and pitcher plant surfaces, enabling rapid initial nucleation on hydrophilic bumps and efficient droplet transport. As a result, we have developed the most efficient fog collecting surface reported to date, capturing 5000–60000 mg/cm² per hour with fog flow rates ranging from 300–1500 mL/h. By macroscopically scaling and optimizing, we have constructed an integrated 3D fog collecting device capable of capturing over 660 g of water in 500 minutes. Further integrating TiO2 into the bumps imparts the ability for simultaneous water collection and purification without sacrificing collection efficiency. Our work reveals that resolving the nucleation-transport dichotomy is key to achieving high-efficiency fog water collection.
Embodied Perception of Alleyways in Mountain City Historic Districts: Perspectives of Young and Older Adults in Chongqing Ciqikou, China
Authors: Gong Cong , Hu Changjuan , Ding Mingxun , Long Hao , Kang Ying
Published: February 2025

Evaluating embodied perception, the interaction between body movement, sensory input, and environment, is crucial for addressing diverse needs in mountainous historic districts. Perception differences across age groups by spatial elements in mountainous areas remain understudied. This pilot study identified the spatial factors influencing the perceptions of younger versus older participants in both flat and stair alleys within Chongqing’s Ciqikou historic district. Data were collected from 46 participants using wearable equipment to monitor real-time psychological and physiological responses. Compound box plots, two-way ANOVA, and Spearman’s correlation were applied to analyse perception differences and the relationships between spatial elements and both physiological and psychological perceptions. Significant physiological differences were found between age groups. Stair alleys had a stronger impact on perception than flat alleys. Younger participants exhibited higher stress but more positive emotional feedback than older participants. Key factors of mountainous environments, such as slope, spatial openness, and specific sounds, primarily influenced physiological changes. High audiovisual coordination was observed across the district, with consistent correlations between spatial characteristics and physiological perception and the correlation between physiological and psychological perceptions. The study recommends improving dynamic and static zoning, lookout spaces, and multi-sensory experiences to enhance spatial quality and preserve mountainous cities’ historical identity.
Assessing the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions toward smoking cessation among medical students in Rwanda
Authors: Oke Gabriel Ilerioluwa , Sibomana Olivier , Ainebyona Alex , Utaka Edith Nnenna , Adebisi Yusuff Adebayo
Published: February 2025

Background
Smoking is a global health issue causing chronic illnesses and premature deaths, with over 1 billion smokers worldwide. In Rwanda, 2,100 individuals face tobacco-related diseases annually. Effective smoking cessation strategies are needed, but healthcare professionals often lack training. This study examines Rwandan medical students' knowledge, attitudes and perceptions toward smoking cessation.
Method
a descriptive cross-sectional approach was adopted for this study. The study participants include undergraduate medical students from the University of Rwanda and the University of Global Health Equity. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire designed with KoboToolBox, and disseminated through online platforms of these students. Data analysis was done with Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 23, and results were presented as descriptive statistics using frequency and percentages.
Result
99.24% of our respondents identified as non-smokers, and only 22.05% have received specific training on smoking cessation, although 85.93% are willing to attend training on smoking cessation. In general, there is poor knowledge of smoking cessation among the respondents (61.98%). Further, 53.99% of the respondents have negative attitudes towards smoking cessation, and only 7.98% agreed that medical and pharmacy students need more training on smoking cessation. Lack of knowledge and skills (84.03%), non-availability of smoking cessation products (75.29), lack of time (45.63), lack of demand (27.38), and lack of self-confidence (36.50) are the identified barriers to offering smoking cessation services.
Conclusion
poor knowledge and negative attitudes toward smoking cessation are prevalent among medical students in Rwanda. There is a need to incorporate smoking cessation modules in medical curricula in Rwanda. Also, implementing peer support programs within communities will help to reduce the burden of smoking-related health challenges in Rwanda.
OsBSK3 and OsBSK2 regulate grain size and leaf angle via MAPK signaling pathway in rice
Authors: Jin Xin , Fu Linli , Liu Jiali , Chen Chunxiao , Liu Yingxiang , Zhang Wei , Li Xiufeng , Liu Changhua , Bu Qingyun , Tian Xiaojie
Published: February 2025

Grain size and leaf angle are key agronomic traits that determine the final yield. OsBSKs (BRASSINOSTEROID-SIGNALING KINASES) and OsMAPKs (MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE) are known to play essential roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses. However, the potential crosstalk between these pathways and their specific roles in regulating grain size and leaf angle remain largely unexplored in rice. Here, we characterized OsBSKs regulate grain size and leaf angle in rice, and among these, OsBSK2 and OsBSK3 may play more critical roles. The grain size and leaf angle in osbsk3 and osbsk2 mutants are significantly smaller, whereas the OsBSK3-overexpressing lines (OsBSK3-OEs) exhibit considerably larger grain size and leaf angle compared to the others. Furthermore, both OsBSK3 and OsBSK2 interact with OsMKKK10, indirectly activating OsMAPK6 in plant cells. Notably, mutations in MAPK cascade components, such as smg2-1 (osmkkk10 mutant), smg1-1 (osmkk4 mutant), and dsg1 (osmapk6 mutant), resulted in significantly reduced leaf angles. Moreover, these mutations were able to rescue the increased grain size and leaf angle in OsBSK3 overexpression lines. Additionally, we also identified OsWRKY53 as a potential downstream target of the OsBSKs-OsMKKK10-OsMKK4-OsMAPK6 cascade in regulation of grain size and leaf angle. Taken together, the above results not only highlight the essential and specific roles of OsBSK3 and OsBSK2 in regulating rice grain size and leaf angle, but also reveal the mechanism which OsBSK3/OsBSK2 mediating MAPK cascade to regulate grain size and leaf angle, OsBSK3 and OsBSK2 may act as key mediator of crosstalk between BR and MAPK signaling.
PRMT5 inhibition sensitizes glioblastoma tumor models to temozolomide
Authors: Onishi Shumpei , Jayamohan Sridharan , Chowdhury Ashis , Rivas Sarah , Otani Yoshihiro , Murphy Sara A. , Rivera-Caraballo Kimberly A. , Walbridge Stuart , Shah Ashish H. , Sisay Bayu , Maric Dragan , Elkahloun Abdel , Johnson Kory , Heiss John , Lee Tae Jin , Kumbar Sangamesh G. , Brown Desmond A. , Yoo Ji Young , Brenner Andrew , Kaur Balveen , Sareddy Gangadhara R. , Banasavadi-Siddegowda Yeshavanth Kumar
Published: February 2025

Background: Despite multi-model therapy of maximal surgical resection, radiation, chemotherapy, and tumor-treating fields, glioblastoma patients show dismal prognosis. Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is overexpressed in glioblastoma and its inhibition imparts an anti-tumor effect. Even though Temozolomide (TMZ) is the standard chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of glioblastoma, tumor cells invariably develop resistance to TMZ. However, the mechanistic role of PRMT5 in glioblastoma therapy resistance is unknown.
Methods: Patient-derived primary glioblastoma neurospheres (GBMNS), treated with PRMT5 inhibitor (LLY-283) or transfected with PRMT5 target-specific siRNA were treated with TMZ and subjected to in vitro functional and mechanistic studies. The intracranial mouse xenograft model was used to test the in vivo antitumor efficacy of combination treatment.
Results: We found that PRMT5 inhibition increased the cytotoxic effect and caspase 3/7 activity of TMZ in GBMNS suggesting that apoptosis is the potential mode of cell death in the combination treatment. PRMT5 inhibition abrogated the TMZ-induced G2/M cell cycle arrest. Unbiased transcriptomic studies indicate that PRMT5 inhibition negatively enriches DNA damage repair genes. Importantly, combination therapy increased DNA double-strand breaks (ɣH2AX foci) and enhanced the DNA damage (comet assay), suggesting that the combination treatment increases the TMZ-induced DNA damage. Specifically, the LLY-283 treatment blocked homologous recombination repair in GBMNS. In vivo, LLY-283 and TMZ combination significantly curbed the tumor growth and prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing mice.
Conclusion: Concomitant treatment of LLY-283 and TMZ has significantly greater antitumor efficacy, suggesting that PRMT5 inhibition and TMZ combination could be a new therapeutic strategy for glioblastoma.
Integrated assessment of yam mosaic virus (YMV) resistance in wild-yam (Dioscorea spp.) interspecific cross progenies using field phenotyping, molecular and biotechnological approaches.
Authors: Oyedoyin Femi Patrick , Kolade Olufisayo , Agre Paterne Angelot , Olawuyi Odunayo Joseph , Kumar Lava , Asfaw Asrat
Published: February 2025

Yams (Dioscorea spp.) are important food crops for millions in tropical and subtropical regions. Yield loss due to Yam Mosaic Virus (YMV genus Potyvirus) has been reported to have a high level of damage, especially on white Guinea yam (D. rotundata). Crop wild relatives often serve as potential sources of alleles that are absent in many cultivated crop species, howevertheir potential for source new disease resistance alleles in yam plants remains underexplored. Therefore, this study evaluated YMV resistance in interspecific hybrids derived from two wild yam specieses, Dioscorea abyssinica as female parent and Dioscorea praehensilis as male parent, for trait introgression. Sixty-five wild yam hybrid genotypes and their parents (maternal-TDabwild and paternal-TDPr 1018) were planted on the field exposed to natural infestation. Field phenotyping and disease severity ratings (1- asymptomatic, 2- resistant, 3- moderately resistant, 4- susceptible and 5- highly susceptible) were combined with molecular analyses using three diagnostic SNP markers, Biotechnology tool ELISA, and RT-PCR to predict, detect and quantify YMV disease resistance and susceptibility patterns. Significant variability in disease resistance was observed, with hybrids exhibiting a wide range of area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) values. Genotypes with the lowest AUDPC values (63) displayed enhanced resistance, while those with higher values (197–231) were more susceptible, reflecting a higher overall disease impact. The ELISA and RT-PCR findings further revealed diverse responses to YMV among the progenies and parents. Two markers, snpDR00160 and snpDR00162, displayed favourable resistant alleles GG and AA, respectively, and susceptible allele TT while marker snpDR00161 failed to amplify across all the progenies. Six progenies (TDabp2101007, TDabp2101009, TDabp2101015, TDabp2101021, TDabp2101026, and TDabp2101060) together with the male parent (D. praehensilis -TDPr 1018) demonstrated putative resistance across phenotypic, molecular, and biotechnological assessments, making them as promising candidates for yam breeding programs aimed at developing YMV-resistant cultivars. Word Count: 299
Effects of MS-222 on the physiological and biochemical response, histology, gut bacteria and flesh quality in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)
Authors: Gao Ping , Chen Rimeng , Lin ShanShan , Yu Haodong , Zhang Xuezhen
Published: February 2025

This study investigated the effects of MS-222 on various biochemical indices, antioxidant status, nonspecific immune response, histomorphology (gill and liver), gut bacteria, and flesh qualities in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). We first evaluated the anaesthetic effects of MS-222 at different concentrations (20, 40, 60, 80, 100 mg/L) on bass (~ 468.34 g) and fish can reach state of deep sedation at 40 mg/L which suitable for liver transportation. Subsequently, the fish were exposed to 40 mg/L MS-222 for 24 h and then transferred to clean water for recovery. Serum, gill, liver, intestine, and back muscle samples were collected at 6, 12, and 24 h post-treated and at the same intervals post-recovery. The results showed that the concentrations of serum cortisol, glucose, LDH, and AST did not significantly change during sedation or recovery periods, although the BUN level significantly increased. The activity of antioxidase was not significantly affected, but the malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration decreased during sedation period. MS-222 induced atrophy and hypertrophy in gill filaments, decreased the nucleolus number, and increased vacuolation in the liver; these changes were not fully reversed by 24 h post-recovery. MS-222 treatment disrupted gut bacteria, reducing the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Cetobacterium. An increase in flavour substances, such as sweet and umami amino acids, betaine, and nucleotides, enhanced the flavour of the muscle during sedation and recovery periods. Additionally, MS-222 decreased the proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and increased the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Analysis of electronic nose data indicated that MS-222 treatment distinguished the flavor of fish at sedation period, but diminished during the recovery period. This study demonstrates the influences of MS-222 at 40 mg/L on the physiology, biochemistry and flesh qualities of largemouth bass, which provides a reference for the application of MS-222 in live transportation of largemouth bass.