bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
‘We Belong’: differential sense of belonging and its meaning for different ethnicity groups in higher education
Authors: Cureton Debra , Gravestock Phil
Published: June 2019

This paper covers two studies that explore student belonging in higher education and how a sense of belonging differs between ethnicity groups.  The research took a mixed methodology approach, collecting both quantitative data via a survey and qualitative data via focus groups.  Study One explored the differential experiences of belonging via the Belongingness Survey (Yorke, 2016), with a group of 941 students.  This was followed by Study Two, which used focus groups to generate a greater understanding of what belonging meant to the students, how belonging developed and to identify barriers to developing a sense of belonging.This work concluded that ethnicity-based differences in students’ sense of belonging are apparent, which mirror the differences that are witnessed at a sector level in degree outcomes.  Additionally, belongingness is found to have an unstable nature in that it waxes and wanes, and can be lost or developed at any part of the student lifecycle.  Some student-identified initiatives to support the development of belonging are presented.  The findings are discussed in the light of the current literature on differential outcomes.
FONDOS DE LITIGACIÓN (LITIGATION FUNDS): UNA PRIMERA APROXIMACIÓN
Authors: Borrero Zorita Luis
Published: June 2019

En el presente artículo se analiza y se hace una primera aproximación al fenómeno de los litigation funds, aun relativamente desconocido en España, desmenuzando su estructura básica y funcionamiento. Asimismo, se realizan algunas proyecciones sobre la posibilidad de su arraigo e implantación en España, así como sus  posibilidades de desarrollo y las oportunidades que pueden significar en nuestro país.
APLICABILIDAD DE LA NORMATIVA DE DEFENSA DE CONSUMIDORES Y USUARIOS EN LAS COMPRAVENTAS ON-LINE A LA LUZ DE LA JURISPRUDENCIA EUROPEA
Authors: Ortega Rueda José David
Published: June 2019

Uno de los mayores éxitos alcanzados por la Unión Europea ha sido la constitución del mercado interior. Definido en el artículo 26.2 del TFUE como un espacio sin fronteras interiores donde se garantiza la libre circulación de mercancías, personas, servicios y capitales, a su existencia se debe buena parte del progreso social y del desarrollo económico que tanto han beneficiado a la ciudadanía europea. Este universo de libertad, fundado en la integración de los mercados nacionales en torno a unos principios y regulación comunes, ha tenido como consecuencia que las operaciones económicas fácilmente puedan trascender los límites de los Estados miembros. De este modo se favorece la competitividad ya que, en la medida que aumenta la oferta de bienes y servicios, se propicia la aparición de dos efectos igualmente deseables: una potencial mejora de la calidad y la necesaria exigencia del ajuste de precios.
Analysis the Detailed Process of Glomerular Capillary Formation Using Immunofluorescence Perform With Ultrathick Section
Authors: Liu Chi , Zhang Fang , Wu Yan , Ting Yu , Dai Lu , Li Furong , Jianli Chen , Xian He , Fu Yao , Jinghong Zhao
Published: June 2019

Background: Glomerular capillary formation is one of the fundamental mysteries in renal developmental biology. However, there are still debates on this issue, and its detailed formation process has not been clarified.
Results: To resolve this problem, we performed antibody staining with ultra-thick section on embryonic and postnatal mouse kidneys to detect and analyze the development of glomerular capillaries. We found that blood vessel of the fetal kidneys expanded through proliferation and sprouting. During the comma-stage and S-shaped stages, 3-4 capillaries began to bud and migrate into the glomerular cleft, forming a capillary bed in the Bowman’s capsule. Then, the capillary bed expanded into mature glomerular capillary by intussusceptive angiogenesis. The afferent and efferent arterioles were formed through pruning. The distribution of VEGFA in the nephron epithelial cells but not only in podocytes, induced multiple capillaries sprouted into the glomerular cleft. And CXCR4 played an important role in the differentiation and expansion of capillary bed into glomerular capillary.
Conclusions: Immunofluorescence performed with ultra-thick section allowed us to investigate the development of complex structure tissues systematically and comprehensively.
Dual oxidase gene Duoxand Toll-like receptor 3 gene TLR3 in the Toll pathway suppress zoonotic pathogens through regulating the intestinal bacterial community homeostasis in Hermetia illucens L
Authors: Huang Yaqing , Yu Yongqiang , Zhan Shuai , Tomberlin Jeffery K. , Huang Dian , Cai Minmin , Zheng Longyu , Yu Ziniu , Zhang Jibin
Published: June 2019

Background

Black soldier fly (BSF; Hermetia illucens L.) larvae can convert fresh pig manure into protein and fat-rich biomass, which can then be used as livestock feed. Currently, it is the only insect approved for such purposes in Europe, Canada, and the USA. Pig manure is rich in zoonotic pathogens (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella spp.). BSF larvae inhibit these zoonotic pathogens; however, the mechanism is unclear. We employed RNAi, qRT-PCR, and Illumina MiSeq bacterial 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing molecular techniques to study the interaction between the two immune genes (Duox in Duox-reactive oxygen species [ROS] immune system and TLR3 in the Toll signaling pathway) and zoonotic pathogens to determine the mechanisms resulting in pathogen suppression.

Results

Results indicated that BsfDuox-TLR3 RNAi increased bacterial load but decreased the relative abundance of Providencia and Dysgonomonas intestinal symbionts . Concurrently, BsfDuox-TLR3 RNAi inactivated the NF-kB signaling pathway, downregulated the expression of antimicrobial peptides, and diminished inhibitory effects on zoonotic pathogen. The resulting dysbiosis stimulated an immune response by activating BsfDuox and promoting ROS, which regulated the composition and structure of the gut bacterial community.

Conclusion

Thus, BsfDuox and BsfTLR3 are important factors in regulating the gut key bacteria Providencia and Dysgonomonas homeostasis while inhibiting target zoonotic pathogens.
Effect of sevoflurane on systemic and cerebral circulation, cerebral autoregulation and CO2 reactivity
Authors: Juhász Marianna , Molnár Levente , Fülesdi Béla , Végh Tamás , Páll Dénes , Molnár Csilla
Published: June 2019

Background: Sevoflurane is one of the most frequently used inhaled anesthetics for general anesthesia. Previously it has been reported that at clinically used doses of sevoflurane, cerebral vasoreactivity is maintained. However, there are no data how sevoflurane influences systemic and cerebral circulation in parallel. The aim of our study was to assess systemic and cerebral hemodynamic changes as well as cerebral CO2-reactivity during sevoflurane anesthesia. Methods: 29 patients undergoing general anesthesia were enrolled. Anesthesia was maintained with 1 MAC sevoflurane in 40% oxygen. Ventilatory settings (respiratory rate and tidal volume) were adjusted to reach and maintain 40, 35 and 30 mmHg EtCO2 for 5 minutes respectively. At the end of each period, transcranial Doppler and hemodynamic parameters using applanation tonometry were recorded. Results: Systemic mean arterial pressure significantly decreased during anesthetic induction and remained unchanged during the entire study period. Central aortic and peripherial pulse pressure and augmentation index as markers of arterial stiffness significantly increased during the anesthetic induction and remained stable at the time points when target CO2 levels were reached. Both cerebral autoregulation and cerebral CO2-reactivity was maintained at 1 MAC sevoflurane. Discussion: Cerebral autoregulation and CO2-reactivity is preserved at 1 MAC sevoflurane. Cerebrovascular effects of anesthetic compounds have to be assessed together with systemic circulatory effects. Doppler Trial Registration: The study was registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov, identifier: NCT02054143, retrospectively registered. Date of registration: February 4, 2014.
Burden, Clinical Outcomes and Predictors of Stroke in Hospital Mortality among Adult Patients Admitted to Stroke Unit of Jimma University Medical Center: Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Fekadu Ginenus , Chelkeba Legese , Kebede Ayantu
Published: June 2019

Background: Global burden of stroke epidemiology is changing rapidly. Over the 1990–2013 period, there was a significant increase in the absolute number of deaths and incident events of stroke. The burden of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke varies between regions and over time in Ethiopia. The paucity of data has limited research output and consequently the response to this burden in our country.
Methods: Prospective cohort study was carried at stroke unit of Jimma University Medical Center (JUMC) from March 10- July 10, 2017. The outcome of interest was mortality and time to death. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Multivariable Cox regression was used to identify the predictors of in hospital mortality and time to death from hospital arrival. Predictor variables with P< 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results: A total of 116 eligible stroke patients were followed with the mean age of 55.1+14.0 years and males comprised of 73 (62.9%) with male: female ratio of 1.70:1. Stroke accounted for 16.5 % of total medical admissions and 23.6 % of the total cases of in hospital mortality. A total of 91 (78.4%) of patients were discharged being alive making in hospital mortality of rate of 25 (21.6%). The median time of in hospital mortality after admission and length of hospital stay of the patients was 4.38 days and 9.21 days, respectively. The prominent suspected immediate cause for in hospital mortality was increased intracranial pressure 17 (68.0%) followed by respiratory failure secondary to aspiration pneumonia 11 (44.0%). Brain edema (AHR: 6.27, 95% CI: 2.50-15.76), urine incontinence (AHR: 3.48, 95% CI: 1.48-8.17), National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) >13 during hospital arrival (AHR: 22.58, 95% CI: 2.95-172.56) and diagnosis of stroke clinically alone (AHR: 4.96, 95% CI: 1.96-12.54) were the independent predictors of in hospital mortality.
Conclusions: The mortality of stroke in this set up was similar to other low- and middle-resource countries. There should be burning need to establish and strengthen the available stroke units which are well-equipped and staffed with intensive health care teams in different hospitals across the country.
Controlled Atmosphere Storage for Pomegranates (Punica granatum L.): Benefits over Regular Air Storage
Authors: Sidhu Harwinder Singh , Díaz-Pérez Juan Carlos , MacLean Daniel
Published: June 2019

Controlled atmosphere (CA) storage has been observed to prolong the shelf life of fresh produce. The objective of this study was to determine whether CA storage performed better than regular air (RA) storage in maintaining fruit quality of six pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cultivars grown in the state of Georgia. Pomegranate fruit produced in Ty Ty, GA in 2010 and 2011 were stored in CA [5% CO2 + 3% O2, 5 °C, 90% to 95% relative humidity (RH)] or RA (5 °C, 90% to 95% RH) for 3 months. Pomegranate whole fruit and juice were evaluated for various physical and chemical attributes at the end of storage. Fruit differed by cultivar for rind smoothness, fruit cracking, disease incidence, and chilling injury (CI). Fruit stored in CA had a smoother and less shriveled rind, lower CI, fewer disease severity symptoms, and thus better quality than fruit stored in RA. Fruit rind color, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), and anthocyanin content in fruit juice were unaffected by storage method. The results showed that pomegranate fruit quality was better sustained under CA compared with RA storage.
Adaptation of a Grafting Method for Carica papaya Based on Seedling Behavior
Authors: Álvarez-Hernández Juan Carlos , Castellanos-Ramos Javier Zaragoza , Aguirre-Mancilla Cesar Leobardo
Published: June 2019

Grafting Carica papaya plants can have several benefits for productive, phytosanitary, and sexing purposes. However, the literature on the subject of papaya grafting is limited. The tongue approach and cleft grafting techniques seem to be the most adequate for C. papaya, but the quality of grafts depends on several factors. With the objective of developing and adapting a grafting method for papaya, experimental assays were carried out in the Valley of Apatzingan, Michoacan, Mexico. The physical condition of the seedlings was assessed, and the most advantageous time for grafting was determined based on the size and thickness of the stems. Three assays were then carried out. The first assay was a test of the tongue approach and cleft grafting techniques using two clamping devices. The second assay involved the same techniques with modifications and the addition of another treatment. In the third assay, the modified tongue approach grafting method was tested on three containers with papaya plants. Seedling vigor, graft survival, and graft quality were the recorded variables. The results indicated that unwanted tissue should be cut 6 days after grafting. The tongue approach grafting method using tape as the fastening device (T-T) yielded a graft survival of 80%. The modified tongue approach grafting method, in which the tongues were formed just below the stem-site cut and tape was used as the fastening device (M-T-Bc-T), yielded a graft survival of 90%. In the third assay, the previously described modified method, but with seedlings grown in plastic bags (M-T-Bc-T-B), yielded a graft survival of 92.5%. It can be concluded that the modified tongue approach grafting method with seedlings grown in plastic bags (M-T-Bc-T-B), is a reliable grafting method for papaya that does not require special handling conditions.
Integrating Multiple-capsule Traits Quantitative Evaluation of Seed Maturity by 3D Phenotypic Platform in Nicotiana tabacum
Authors: Li Zhenhua , Liu Yiling , Liu RenXiang
Published: June 2019

Many methods have been proposed for the identification of seed maturity, and almost all of them need to be performed after seed harvest. In this study, a real-time quantitative method that can be performed during seed development was used by integrating multiple-capsule traits using a high-throughput screening (HTS) technique. Capsule color, shape, and density parameters can reflect seed development and maturity. During seed development, we observed a fast decrease in color parameters (R, G, and B) and water content, as well as an increase in temperature sensitivity; an initial rise followed by decline in shape parameters [length, width, minimum circumscribed circle (MCC) diameter, area] was also observed; as well as irregular differentiation of density parameters of the capsules. Correlation analysis showed a significant relationship between seed maturity and capsule color, as well as its shape parameters (Table 1). In sum, our data demonstrate that that three-dimensional (3D) phenotypic platform can be used to differentiate seed maturity by quantitative evaluating multiple-capsule traits, which is a quantitative method for determining the maturity of seed while still growing in the fruit of the mother plant.
Analysis of Genome Size of Sixteen Coffea arabica Cultivars Using Flow Cytometry
Authors: Ortega-Ortega Josue , Ramírez-Ortega Francisco Arturo , Ruiz-Medrano Roberto , Xoconostle-Cázares Beatriz
Published: June 2019

Coffee is an important crop worldwide, grown on about 10 million hectares in tropical regions including Latin America, Africa, and Asia. The genus Coffea includes more than 100 species; most are diploid, except for C. arabica, which is allotetraploid and autogamous. The genetic diversity of commercial coffee is low, likely due to it being self-pollinating, in addition, the widespread propagation of few selected cultivars, such as Caturra, Bourbon, and Typica. One approach is the analysis of genome size in these cultivars as a proxy to study its genetic variability. In the present work, genome size of 16 cultivars was assessed through high-resolution flow cytometry (FCM). Nuclear DNA was analyzed using a modified procedure that uses propidium iodide (PI) and 4′,6′-diamino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride hydrate (DAPI) staining. The C. arabica cultivars investigated possessed a nuclear DNA content ranging from 2.56 ± 0.016 pg for Typica, to 3.16 ± 0.033 pg for ICATU, which had the largest genome size. All cultivars measured using both fluorochromes had greater estimates with DAPI than PI. The proportion of the genome composed of guanosine and cytosine (GC%) among the cultivars evaluated in this study ranged from 37.03% to 39.22%. There are few studies of genome size by FCM of distinct important C. arabica cultivars, e.g., hybrids and artificial crosses. Thus, this work could be valuable for coffee breeding programs. The data presented here are intended to expand the genomic understanding of C. arabica and could link nuclear DNA content with evolutionary relationships such as diversification, hybridization and polyploidy.
Contribution of Glycine Betaine and Proline to Water Deficit Tolerance in Pepper Plants
Authors: Escalante-Magaña Camilo , Aguilar-Caamal Luis F. , Echevarría-Machado Ileana , Medina-Lara Fátima , Cach Lucila Sánchez , Martínez-Estévez Manuel
Published: June 2019

Water stress is the main factor responsible for decreased productivity, which affects the growth and development of crops. Plants respond to stress by accumulating compatible solutes, which have a key role in osmotic adjustment, thereby resulting in osmoprotection of the plants. The loss of water can increase the concentration of compatible osmolytes and molecules that regulate the plant metabolism. These solutes can be metabolized as sugars (sucrose, fructose, trehalosa), amino acids (proline), an amphoteric quaternary amine (glycine betaine), and other low-molecular-weight metabolites. However, among all these compatible solutes, proline and glycine betaine occur the most. Proline is an amino acid that can accumulate in low concentrations under optimal conditions; however, stress conditions contribute to its increased content. Few data are available regarding the levels of endogenous glycine betaine on Solanaceae, which is considered a nonaccumulator under water deficit conditions. The objective of this research was to evaluate the role of compatible osmolytes, glycine betaine and proline, in Capsicum sp. plants under different water deficit conditions. In this study, the presence of endogenous levels of proline and glycine betaine in two species of pepper (Capsicum chinense var. Genesis and Rex and Capsicum annuum var. Padron) were found. The concentration levels of proline were 362, 292, and 246 μmol·g−1 DW for Genesis, Rex and Padron respectively, and irrigation conditions (rehydration) of proline levels increased to 381, 395, and 383 μmol·g−1 DW at 21 days. However, glycine betaine levels were 30–70 μmol·g−1 DW. The relative water content, electrolyte leakage, and soil water potential were also analyzed; therefore, the information suggests that proline contributes better to tolerance to water deficit in the genus Capsicum after 14 days of water deficit treatment. It seems that the contribution of glycine betaine is less effective than that of proline; therefore, it does not have an important role in osmotic adjustment.
Sampling Apple Trees to Accurately Estimate Mean Fruit Weight and Fruit Size Distribution
Authors: Marini Richard P. , Schupp James R. , Baugher Tara Auxt , Crassweller Robert
Published: June 2019

Canopies of ‘Gala’ and ‘Fuji’ trees, trained to the vertical axis, were divided into eight vertical sections, each representing 12.5% of the tree canopy. The diameter of all ‘Gala’ fruit and fruit weight for all ‘Fuji’ fruit were recorded for each canopy section. Fruit size from most canopy sections was normally distributed and distributions were similar for most sections. Therefore, fruit size distribution for a tree can be estimated by harvesting fruit from two sections of a tree, representing 25% of the canopy. For small trees in intensive plantings, with canopy diameters less than 2.0 m, average fruit diameter or fruit weight estimated from all fruit collected from 25% of the canopy may provide estimates within 7% of the true value.
Simulation and visualization of material flows in sanitation systems for streamlined sustainability assessment
Authors: Schütze M. , Wriege-Bechtold A. , Zinati T. , Söbke H. , Wißmann I. , Schulz M. , Veser S. , Londong J. , Barjenbruch M. , Alex J.
Published: June 2019

New and alternative sanitation systems are increasingly discussed and find their way into implementation. However, discussions on sanitation concepts often are held in a rather emotional way. Furthermore, not all the available sanitation concepts might be known to the decision maker. The work presented here attempts to contribute to a good discussion and decision making process by compiling available technologies, by defining easy-to-implement criteria for a sustainability assessment method and by integrating these results into a simulation tool which allows to visualize the related resource fluxes (e.g. those on nutrients, such as N, P and K) and to analyse different sanitation options with regard to their capital and operational costs and with regard to environmental impact criteria such as greenhouse gas emissions. Whilst the calculations are to be considered as being approximate in their nature (due to uncertainties or lack of suitable input data), this tool allows the planners, with sometimes little modelling experience, to consider the characteristics of sanitation systems. Whilst starting from earlier work, such as Eawag's Sanitation Compendium and work on material flow analysis, work described in this contribution merges resource flux modelling, easy-to-use simulation and visualization and methods of life cycle assessment and life cycle costing. The simulation tool is freely available on https://www.ifak.eu/en/products/sampsons.
The Synthesis of α-Hydroxy- and α-Chlorophosphonic Acid Derivatives Starting from Benzaldehydes and Phosphorous Acid or Dimethyl Phosphite
Authors: Grün Alajos , Greiner István , Keglevich György
Published: June 2019

The addition of phosphorous acid on the C=O group of substituted benzaldehydes in the presence of hydrochloric acid in water affords a mixture of the corresponding α - chlorophosphonic acid and α-hydroxyphosphonic acid. The selectivity towards the α-chloro derivatives may be increased to 92% by the excess of HCl applying forcing conditions. α- Hydroxyphosphonic acids may be synthesized better in yields of 83-92% by the hydrolysis of the corresponding dimethyl α-hydroxyphosphonates. α-Chlorophosphonic acids may also be obtained in yields of 66-79% from α -hydroxyphosphonic esters by reaction with thionyl chloride followed by hydrolysis. The α -chlorophosphonic acids and esters are useful intermediates for other phosphonic derivatives.
Gender-specific, Lifestyle-related Factors and 10-year Cardiovascular Disease Risk; the ATTICA and GREECS Cohort Studies
Authors: Kouvari Matina , Panagiotakos Demosthenes B. , Chrysohoou Christina , Georgousopoulou Ekavi , Notara Venetia , Tousoulis Dimitrios , Pitsavos Christos , ATTICA & GREECS Studies Investigators
Published: June 2019

Background:

Lifestyle remains a huge driving force of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) onset/
progression. Lifestyle-patterns are highly dependent on gender-related attitudes.

Objective:

To evaluate the gender-specific association of lifestyle-related factors (adherence to Mediterranean
diet (MedDiet), Physical Activity (PA), smoking) with 10-year first and recurrent CVD events.

Methods:

Two prospective studies, the ATTICA (2002-2012, n=3,042 subjects free-of-CVD) and
GREECS (2004-2014, n=2,172 subjects with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)) were undertaken.
Baseline adherence to MedDiet (MedDietScore <27/≥27, range 0-55), PA (sedentary/physically active)
and smoking (current/never) was tested against 10-year first (ATTICA) and recurrent (GREECS) CVD
events, in men and women.

Results:

The “superiority” of men over women regarding overall CVD events was revealed in both first
(ATTICA, 19.7% men vs. 11.7% women, p<0.001) and recurrent CVD events, but less significantly
(GREECS, 38.8% men vs. 32.9% women, p=0.016). Gender-stratified analysis revealed that: lower
adherence to MedDiet in women (Odds Ratio (OR)=1.22, 95% Confidence Interval (95%CI) 1.03, 1.51)
and PA (OR=1.35, 95%CI 1.01, 1.85) and smoking (OR=1.28, 95%CI 1.04, 1.82) in men, were independent
predictors of 10-year first CVD event; whereas, adherence to MedDiet (OR=1.28, 95%CI 1.01,
1.59), PA (OR=1.25, 95%CI 1.01, 2.50) and smoking (OR=1.15, 95%CI 1.01, 1.30) in women, yet only
adherence to MedDiet (OR=1.27, 95%CI 1.01, 1.35) and PA (OR=1.27, 95%CI 1.02, 1.59) in men,
were independent predictors of 10-year CVD recurrent events.

Conclusion:

Differences between men and women, in the effect-size measures of lifestyle-related factors,
underline different paths for men and women, probably contributing to better designing strategies
for primary and secondary CVD prevention.
Phage Display as A Bio-Technique for Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Mahmoodi Shirin , Nezafat Navid , Ghasemi Younes
Published: June 2019

Background:

Phage display is a biotechnological technique that presents peptides with
coated proteins on the surface of phage. In the last two decades, growing applications of phage display
in various fields of biotechnology have been investigated. Phage display libraries allow to present
billions of peptides on phage surface for selection of a specific peptide with the desired affinity.

Objective:

In this regard, high-affinity phage antibodies against tumor antigens are produced and
applied for diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

Method:

Moreover, phage display libraries are employed to select the high affinity T Cell Receptors
(TCRs) for the peptide-MHC complex which is an attractive approach in cancer immunotherapy. Due to
immunogenic properties of phage particles, phage-based vaccines do not require adjuvant, in addition the
phage particles can effectively take up by Antigen Presenting Cells (APCs).

Results:

Taken together, phage-based cancer vaccines are ideal candidates that provide a key for
eradication of tumor cells.

Conclusion:

In this review, we focus on various applications of a phage display platform in different
types of cancer immunotherapy approaches.
Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity of S-Naproxen Derivatives
Authors: Mohiuddin Ghulam , Khan Khalid Mohammed , Salar Uzma , Kanwal  , Lodhi Muhammad Arif , Begum Farida , Perveen Shahnaz
Published: June 2019

Background:

Tyrosinase enzyme is one of the important targets to reduce melanoma and
other skin disorders. Standard inhibitors of tyrosinase enzyme including arbutin and kojic acid are
less effective. Some NSAIDs such as acetylsalicylic acid, mefanamic acid, and diclofenac are known
to possess inhibitory potential against melanogenesis. The current study deals with the screening of
tyrosinase inhibitory potential of S-naproxen derivatives.

Methods:

Synthetic S-naproxen derivatives 1-33 were evaluated for tyrosinase inhibitory activity in
vitro.

Results:

Six compounds 2, 8, 9, 20, 21, and 29 showed good to moderate activity in the range of
(IC50 = 21.05 ± 0.9-53.22 ± 0.7 µM) as compared to the standard kojic acid (IC50 = 16.9 ± 1.3 µM).
Compound 9 (IC50 = 21.05 ± 0.9 µM) was found to be significantly active and showed activity close
to the standard. Compounds 2 (IC50 = 33.23 ± 1.1 µM), 8 (IC50 = 42.10 ± 1.0 µM), 20 (IC50 = 35.40
± 0.4 µM), 21 (IC50 = 41.01 ± 0.6 ±M), and 29 (IC50 = 53.22 ± 0.7 µM) were found to be moderately
active. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) was rationalized on the basis of different substituents
and functionalities present on the main scaffold.

Conclusion:

This study has identified a number of compounds derived from S-naproxen with
comparable tyrosinase inhibitory activity.
Perceção de Competência e Desempenho na Matemática em Alunos do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico
Authors: Santos Natalie Nóbrega , Mata Lourdes , Monteiro Vera , Sanches Cristina , Gomes Marta
Published: June 2019

A perceção de competência (PC) tem-se mostrado como uma variável importante na compreensão do desempenho dos alunos na matemática. Desenvolvemos dois estudos (E1, E2) cujos objetivos foram: 1) analisar as caraterísticas psicométricas da Escala de PC na Matemática (EPCM) para o 1.º ciclo do Ensino Básico (E1); e 2) analisar um modelo explicativo da relação entre PC e desempenho e comparar médias segundo o género (E2). No E1 participaram 361 alunos do 3.º e 4.º ano (52.4% rapazes). Recorreu-se à análise fatorial confirmatória para examinar a estrutura da EPCM e a invariância de género. No E2 participaram 79 alunos do 3.º ano (55.7% rapazes). O desempenho foi calculado recorrendo à avaliação dos professores e classificações de um teste. Para testar a relação entre a PC e o desempenho recorreu-se à análise de equações estruturais. Os resultados indicaram que a EPCM apresenta boas caraterísticas psicométricas e invariância de género. Constatou-se ainda a existência de uma relação significativa entre a PC e o desempenho na matemática. Diferenças na PC foram observadas em ambos os estudos, com as raparigas evidenciando menor PC, apesar de o seu desempenho ser semelhante. Os resultados indicaram que as diferenças de género, identificadas em estudos prévios com adolescentes, surgem precocemente na escolaridade. 
Palavras-chave: Perceção de competência; Desempenho académico; Matemática; Ensino básico; Género
A inclusão de estudantes surdos no ensino superior brasileiro: O caso de um curso de Pedagogia
Authors: Sanches Isabel Rodrigues , Da Silva Polliana Barboza
Published: June 2019

O objetivo desta pesquisa é compreender o processo de inclusão dos estudantes surdos no curso de graduação em Pedagogia, no ensino superior brasileiro. Para atingir este objetivo, foi utilizada a entrevista semidiretiva a três estudantes surdos e a observação das aulas de três professores destes alunos. É uma investigação qualitativa, de natureza descritiva/interpretativa, que analisa os sujeitos no seu contexto e valoriza a interação que se estabelece entre eles. Verificou-se, através das percepções destes estudantes, que compreendem o paradigma da inclusão, conhecem os documentos orientadores, entendem e concordam com os princípios e as práticas que são propostas, mas levantam algumas questões e afirmam preferir as salas especiais para a aprendizagem. Observou-se que os estudantes surdos participam das aulas, dos trabalhos de grupo, procuram estar junto ao intérprete, para melhor compreenderem, procuram a interação com professores e colegas ouvintes; porém, o desconhecimento da língua de sinais (LIBRAS), por parte dos ouvintes, é uma das maiores barreiras para a inclusão. Estes estudantes gostam da perspetiva da inclusão, no que diz respeito a socializar com os ouvintes, e procuram contribuir para que essa socialização e a aprendizagem aconteçam, utilizando alternativas  à LIBRAS para a comunicação.Constatam, porém, que é preciso um esforço coletivo, de surdos e ouvintes, para que o respeito pela diferença e pela identidade e cultura surda tenham maior expressão no contexto escolar. 

Palavras-chave: Ensino superior; Estudante surdo; Inclusão; Brasil
The Importance of Teacher Agency and Expertise in Education Reform and Policymaking
Authors: Zeichner Ken
Published: June 2019

O artigo sustenta que a agência e o conhecimento profissional dos professores são frequentemente negligenciados nos sistemas educativos internacionais e que, instigando a sua maior capacidade de ação e melhor aproveitando e usando o seu conhecimento coletivo, os sistemas educativos podem tornar-se mais bem-sucedidos e mais igualitários. Sumariam-se vários argumentos para que as entidades responsáveis pela educação nos seus países apoiem o incremento de uma genuína capacidade de ação dos professores, no que respeita às suas experiências de ensino e de desenvolvimento profissional, bem como lhes confiram uma voz mais ativa, coletivamente, na conceptualização e implementação de políticas educativas. O objetivo do artigo é apoiar esta capacidade de ação dos professores e demonstrar os benefícios de usufruir do seu saber e experiência, em articulação com os objetivos do sistema de proporcionar a todas as crianças um ensino por professores bem preparados e uma educação de elevada qualidade e enriquecedora, que lide com os aspetos académicos, socioemocionais e cívicos da aprendizagem e que reflita as realidades multiculturais e globais que afetam todas as nações.

Palavras-chave:Agência profissional dos professores; Política docente; Conhecimento profissional docente
Eastern Time
Authors: Kay D. William , O'Brien Chad , Day Russell
Published: June 2019

This short paper outlines the design and development of a multi-phase, cross-institution Instructional Skills Workshop (ISW) program that was conceived by educational developers from five higher educational institutions in Halifax, Nova Scotia. The initiative is grounded in the belief that implementing the ISW program in the Halifax Regional Municipal (HRM) area will foster a local community of practice and further cross-institutional initiatives focused on enhancing teaching and learning approaches. This paper offers a brief historical background and rationale of the ISW program, and details of implementation. In addition, the lead coordinators share their reflections on the challenges and implications resulting from the process of adapting this established program to fit an innovative and mutually supportive cross-institutional design within the HRM.

 

Ce court article présente la conception et l’élaboration d’Instructional Skills Workshop (ISW), un programme interétablissement en plusieurs phases qui a été conçu par des concepteurs pédagogiques provenant de cinq établissements d’enseignement supérieur d’Halifax, en Nouvelle-Écosse. L’initiative repose sur l’idée que la mise en œuvre d’ISW dans la municipalité régionale d’Halifax encouragera le développement d’une communauté de pratique et de projets interétablissements visant à améliorer les approches d’enseignement et d’apprentissage. Nous présentons brièvement l’histoire et les raisons au fondement de l’ISW ainsi que les détails de sa mise en œuvre. De plus, les coordonnateurs en chef réfléchissent aux difficultés et aux conséquences du processus d’adaptation de ce programme bien établi au concept interétablissement novateur et solidaire au sein de la municipalité régionale d’Halifax.
A Pedagogic Strategy for Instructors of Post-secondary Sector Students Returning to Learn from Concussion
Authors: Frost Gail , Connolly Maureen
Published: June 2019

Concussion is a functional brain injury that can produce physical, cognitive, emotional and sleep-related symptoms. Return to learn protocols designed to help students recovering from concussion recommend a gradual, symptom-governed, increase in cognitive activity before a return to full-time school attendance and participation. Return to learn in a post-secondary setting often means that instructors are tasked with accommodating for these students, some of whom are back in the classroom even though they are still experiencing symptoms. This paper presents a progressive, ramping approach to increasing cognitive load by using literal, interpretive and applied adaptations to already existing course requirements, with the goal of minimizing the risk of provoking or worsening post-concussion symptoms.

 

Les commotions cérébrales sont des lésions fonctionnelles au cerveau qui peuvent provoquer des symptômes physiques, cognitifs et émotionnels ainsi que des troubles du sommeil. Selon le protocole de reprise des études conçu pour aider les étudiants qui se remettent d’une commotion, on recommande une augmentation graduelle de l’activité cognitive, en fonction des symptômes, avant d’effectuer un retour aux études à temps plein. Dans les établissements postsecondaires, on demande souvent aux instructeurs de mettre en place des mesures d’adaptation pour ces étudiants qui, dans certains cas, éprouvent encore des symptômes lorsqu’ils retournent en classe. Cet article présente une approche progressive visant à augmenter petit à petit la charge cognitive au moyen d’aménagements – d’ordre littéral, interprétatif et appliqué – apportés aux exigences de cours existantes, de manière à minimiser le risque de déclencher ou d’aggraver le syndrome post-commotion cérébrale.
Lapseen ja lähiympäristöön liittyvien taustatekijöiden yhteys sanaston kehitykseen 24 ja 30 kuukauden iässä
Authors: Tilvis Amanda , Paavola-Ruotsalainen Leila
Published: June 2019

Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää, onko 18 kuukauden iässä kartoitetuilla lapseen ja lähiympäristöön liittyvillä taustatekijöillä yhteyttä sanastollisiin taitoihin 24 ja 30 kuukauden iässä. Tutkimukseen osallistui 37 suomenkielistä tervettä ja täysiaikaisena syntynyttä lasta (16 poikaa ja 21 tyttöä). Tulosten mukaan sukupuoli oli yhteydessä ymmärtävän ja tuottavan sanaston tasoon 24 ja 30 kuukauden iässä sekä tuotettujen sanojen määrään 24 kuukauden iässä. Tytöt saivat korkeampia testipisteitä kuin pojat. Yhden tai useamman korvatulehduksen sairastaminen oli negatiivisesti yhteydessä sekä ymmärtävän että tuottavan sanaston tasoon 30 kuukauden iässä, muttei vielä 24 kuukauden iässä. Lapsilla, joilla oli vähintään yksi sisarus, oli heikompi pistemäärä ymmärtävän sanaston mittauksessa 30 kuukauden iässä kuin perheen ainokaisilla. Lähisukulaisilla esiintyvät kielelliset vaikeudet olivat yhteydessä ymmärtävän sanaston tasoon 24 kuukauden iässä. Esikoisuus ei ollut yhteydessä sanaston kehitykseen, eikä myöskään vanhempien koulutustaso. Aihetta on syytä tutkia lisää suuremmalla otoskoolla, sillä käytännön puheterapiatyössä tarvitaan tietoa piirteistä, jotka lisäävät riskiä kielellisille vaikeuksille.
TINGKAT PROKRASTINASI AKADEMIK DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SKRIPSI PADA MAHASISWA AKTIVIS
Authors: Mawardi Kholid
Published: June 2019

Abstract:  This thesis is a required scientific work as part of academic requirements at the University. All students must take thesis courses because the thesis is used as one of the prerequisites for students to obtain a bachelor's degree. Generally, students are given time to complete a thesis within one semester or approximately six months. In fact, many students need more than six months to work on their thesis. The research subjects were students who were members or activists of UKM. The cause of student procrastination is the lack of enthusiasm for working on the thesis, difficulty in getting the main book and supporting books, the fear of meeting the lecturers when they want to consult, being embarrassed to ask questions, and lazy to do it. Even among UKM activist students at IAIN Purwokerto (which is now called IAIN Purwokerto) prioritize activities in UKM rather than completing thesis. The results showed that UKM activist students in all majors had moderate procrastination rates based on the following academic procrastination categories: 13% were at very high levels, 20% were at high levels, 57% were at moderate levels, 10% were at low levels, and only 0% of student UKM activists in all majors have low procrastination rates. From these results it can be seen that on average students do procrastination.

Keywords: Procrastination, Students, Thesis, Ukm Activists
EVALUASI PROGRAM PEMBINAAN CABANG OLAHRAGA KARATE DAN PENCAK SILAT SULAWESI SELATAN
Authors: Nasri Nasri
Published: June 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pelaksanaan program pembinaan pada cabang olahraga karate dan pencak silat Sulawesi Selatan dengan menggunakan model evaluasi CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) dan ditinjau dari perolehan medali pada PON XIX tahun 2016 Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian evaluasi yang dilakukan di Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan dari bulan Januari sampai Maret 2017. Pengambilan data menggunakan teknik purposive sampling sehingga diperoleh 38 responden terdiri dari 23 responden dari cabang olahraga karate dan 15 responden dari cabang olahraga pencak silat. Pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, angket, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembinaan cabang olahraga pembinaan cabang olahraga karate berjalan kurang baik dan pembinaan cabang olahraga pencak silat berjalan kurang baik. Aspek context pada cabang olahraga karate berjalan baik dan pada cabang olahraga pencak silat berjalan baik. Aspek input cabang olahraga karate berjalan baik dan cabang olahraga pencak silat berjalan baik. Aspek process cabang olahraga karate berjalan baik dan cabang olahraga pencak silat berjalan kurang baik. Aspek product cabang olahraga karate berjalan kurang baik, dan cabang olahraga pencak silat berjalan kurang baik.
MENGUSUNG MODERASI ISLAM DI TENGAH MASYARAKAT MULTIKULTURAL
Authors: Dawing Darlis
Published: June 2019

In the context of diversity in all aspects, Indonesia is referred to as one of the mulcultural nation. The advantages it has must be maintained and addressed with full of wisdom, because multicultural society is very span with conflict. In this article, the authors answered these concerns by carrying Moderation of Islam as a solution in a multicultural society. Through the philosophical historical approach in the searching of Islamic literature and the words of the Prophet and the behavior of Companions, it can be concluded that Moderation of Islam crystallizes in all scientific discipline in Islam, starting from aspect of aqidah, shariah, tafsir, tasawuf and da'wah. The universal teachings implied from the discipline of science above are justice, equality, balance, flexibility, simplicity and tolerance in carrying out religious teachings that are derived for human benefit
Multilingual Mexican-Origin Students' Perspectives on Their Indigenous Heritage Language
Authors: Morales P. Zitlali , Saravia Lydia A. , Pérez-Iribe María Fernanda
Published: June 2019

This article focuses on the reported experiences of three focal students who participated in a Spanish/English dual language program in their southern California school district throughout their elementary and middle school years. All three students identify as Mexican-origin and speak Spanish, English, and the Indigenous language of Zapoteco and have different relationships with their languages. The framework of Critical Latinx Indigeneities (Blackwell, Boj Lopez & Urrieta, 2017) is used to explore the practices engaged in by the students, including language use and transnationalism (Sánchez, 2007), as well as the investment to learn and use a language as part of their identity (Norton Peirce, 1995; Norton, 2000). Even though dual language programs provide much needed linguistic supports for language maintenance, perhaps more importantly, they provide support for ideological shifts towards language maintenance rather than transition to English-only instruction. However, the three students experienced a segmented and limited focus on Spanish language development in middle school compared to their elementary school experience. The authors discuss implications for outside school spaces that can support authentic language use, in addition to school-sanctioned language programs promoting multilingualism.
VISÃO DOS ADOLESCENTES FRENTE AOS SERVIÇOS DE SAÚDE PRESTADOS EM UM MUNICÍPIO DO INTERIOR PAULISTA
Authors: GONÇALVES Jussara Britto Batista , CORREIA Elaine Giuliet Daniel , CARDOZO Lilian Fernanda , OLIVEIRA Maria de Lourdes Pereira de Matos , MACIEL Yana Kainy Queiroz
Published: June 2019

A adolescência é a fase de desenvolvimento humano onde ocorrem várias transformações biopsicossociais, durante este processo, o adolescente torna-se vulnerável devido a exposições a fatores de risco como as drogas, a gravidez na adolescência e doenças sexualmente transmissíveis. A prevenção desses agravos e a promoção da saúde do adolescente estão destinadas à atenção primária à saúde e devem ser realizadas, principalmente, no cunho educativo, fortalecendo a autonomia do sujeito envolvido. O objetivo do presente estudo buscou descrever a visão dos adolescentes em relação aos serviços de saúde oferecidos na saúde do adolescente de um município do interior paulista. Foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa descritiva quantitativa de campo em que os participantes foram os adolescentes do terceiro ano do ensino médio de uma escola estadual, após deferidos os termos de assentimento e consentimento, assim como a aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa (CEP). Os dados foram coletados por meio da aplicação de um questionário estruturado diretamente com os participantes e pesquisadores. Os resultados apontaram que 66% dos adolescentes procuram os serviços de saúde em casos de urgência e emergência, enquanto 63% nunca receberam orientações sobre o funcionamento dos serviços de saúde prestados no município. O estudo revelou que os adolescentes têm uma visão dos serviços de saúde no aspecto curativista, evidenciado pela procura em casos de doenças. É necessário, portanto, maiores esforços para a efetivação de uma assistência à saúde preventiva voltada às necessidades especificas deste grupo.
TRATAMENTO FISIOTERAPÊUTICO NA SÍNDROME DE SINDING LARSEN JOHANSSON
Authors: CAMILO Fábio Mendes , SULATTO Amanda Laí­sa Galan , FELIPE Bianca Natachi Guarieiro , CALIXTO Maristela Costa
Published: June 2019

A síndrome de Sinding Larsen Johansson (SLJ) é uma afecção associada ao aumento do stress devido à tração repetitiva pelo tendão patelar no polo inferior da patela durante a contração do músculo quadríceps e, posteriormente, à fragmentação e ao espessamento do tendão patelar, com maior incidência em adolescentes entre 10 e 14 anos de idade do sexo masculino que praticam esportes. No quadro clínico, apresenta dor em região anterior do joelho (infrapatelar) de início gradual com semanas ou meses de duração. Objetivo: Investigar a indicação do tratamento fisioterapêutico para os casos dessa síndrome, assim como protocolos de intervenção fisioterápica. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão literária integrativa, a partir da plataforma BVS e Base de dados PUBMED, publicados no período de 2001 a 2018, adotados como critério de inclusão as referências que fazem menção à indicação da fisioterapia e ao tratamento fisioterapêutico a essa síndrome. Resultados e Discussão: Foram investigados 42 artigos e 4 livros, sendo 10 incluídos, pois contemplaram os critérios de inclusão. Com relação ao tratamento, foi observado um consenso entre os autores quanto ao uso de recursos como a eletroterapia, crioterapia, e cinesioterapia, além de ressaltarem a importância da Fisioterapia nessa síndrome. Conclusão: Essa revisão mostra que informações sobre a reabilitação da síndrome SLJ são escassas e sem detalhamento sobre parâmetros de dosimetria, entretanto é relevante que novas pesquisas sejam realizadas em um número mais expressivo de plataformas e referências.
Violáceo, vermelho-sangue: corpo e combate n’O martelo, de Adelaide Ivánova
Authors: Ribeiro Gustavo Silveira
Published: June 2019

Este ensaio procura observar como o estupro, a misoginia e a indiferença social são representados nos poemas de O martelo, da poeta brasileira Adelaide Ivánova. A ironia da linguagem (que acolhe e ressignifica as muitas formas do preconceito) e a exposição performática do corpo e do desejo são as estratégias formais privilegiadas pela autora para transformar a violência de gênero em matéria de poesia.---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25094/rtp.2019n27a565
Equilíbrio cego na lata do soneto
Authors: Freitas Marcus Vinícius
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo visa a uma análise da presença e da função da forma soneto na canção A Força Que Nunca Seca, de Vanessa da Mata e Chico César. A partir de uma leitura cerrada da estrutura sonora, métrica e rítmica da letra/poema, a análise busca dar relevo à convergência entre a forma poética e o conteúdo de crítica social da canção, para demonstrar como conteúdo e forma são indissociáveis na fatura da obra. ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25094/rtp.2019n27a573