bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UTILIZAÇÃO DEBANANA PRATA (MUSASAPIENTUM) E BANANA OURO (MUSAACUMINATA) NO CONTROLE DE NEMATÓIDES GASTROINTESTINAIS DE BEZERROS
Authors: ÁVILA Letícia Meirelles , ROIER Erica Cristina Rocha , MORAES Renata Fernandes Ferreira , MARQUES Thiago Luiz Pereira , CHAGAS Jônathan David Ribas
Published: February 2022

Cattle, both beef and dairy, are of great importance for Brazil, as it moves a good part of the country economy. But gastrointestinal infections caused by nematodes cause significant damage to cattle due to weight loss of animals, decreased production index, increased mortality rate, and increased expenses by producers. This work aims to demonstrate the elimination of gastrointestinal nematodes through the use of the leaves of two different banana species in calves and to verify if there are differences in the effectiveness of both. For the study, 30 calves were selected, aged between 3 and 8 months, of both sexes and already fed on pasture. These were divided into three groups. Group A was treated with banana leaves of the Musa sapientum species; Group B – was treated with banana leaves of the Musa acuminata species; Group C – control group, in which no substance was found administered. The feces collection was performed at intervals of 7 days, totaling 3 collections. The samples were taken directly from the animals' rectum, stored in a plastic bag, and placed in a styrofoam container with ice, and then the material was taken to the laboratory for the eggs per gram (eggs/g)examination. It can be concluded that the use of banana leaf proved to be effective in reducing the parasitic load of intestinal nematodes in calves, proving that the use of Musa acuminata was more efficient than the result of the use of Musa sapientum when compared.
En torno a la presunta oposición entre tiempo natural y tiempo histórico
Authors: Svampa Lucila
Published: February 2022

Argumentos: Reinhart Koselleck y la temporalidad histórica.
Gamarnik, Cora, El fotoperiodismo en Argentina.
Authors: Zarowsky Mariano
Published: February 2022

Cora Gamarnik, El fotoperiodismo en Argentina. De Siete Días Ilustrados a la agencia Sigla, Ediciones ArtexArte, Buenos Aires, 2020, 328 páginas
Survey Paper on Touchify: Smart Solution to Convert Any Surface into Touchscreen.
Authors: Pushpa Chutel  , Nandlal Khawle  , Shubham Wase  , Nayan Thakare  , Stuti Sahu  , Mohammad Ali Abbas
Published: February 2022

The project is to create affordable and easy to set up touch interface on any flat surface. The project mostly uses commonly available items that most people should have access to. Main part of this project is "runtime" application that uses two neural networks: vision based and sound based. Vision based neural network is used to track pointer on the screen. Sound network is used to detect events such as knocking on screen that will be recognized as mouse click and scratching that will be recognized as moving cursor with left mouse button pressed. Considering that the overall cost of this project is abysmal compared to commercially available touch boards, I think that it can be used for educational purposes in poorer or developing countries. We have used Open CV, Qtcreator, TensorFlow. It also can be used to digitize content of traditional "analog" blackboard.
SUICIDE AS A GLOBAL HUMAN PROBLEM:
Authors: Shlapko Tetyana , Myrhorod-Karpova Valeriia , Myskiv Lesia , Vasylynchuk Viktor , Pavlenko Bohdana
Published: February 2022

The relevance of this article is due to the extremely high dynamics of suicide rates in the world (according to World Health Organization – 1 death every 40 seconds). The purpose of the article is to define the administrative and legal mechanism of prevention of suicides in Ukraine and in the world. The leading research methods are general scientific and specific research methods, including methods of logic, analysis, comparison and others. The results of this study are to identify ways of introducing positive foreign experience and to develop their own algorithm for reducing suicide in Ukraine, taking into account the specific development of the country. The significance of the obtained results is reflected in the fact that this study can serve as a basis for outlining future changes to the current legislation of Ukraine on the prevention of suicide in Ukraine.
MINIMUM WAGE AS ONE OF THE MAIN STATE SOCIAL GUARANTEES
Authors: Kivalov Serhii , Tarasenko Viktoriia , Voloshyna Svitlana , Chanyshev Rashyd , Shchukin Oleksandr
Published: February 2022

The definition, goals of the minimum wage, the criteria for its determination, the sphere of application of the system of setting the minimum wage, the procedure for its establishment, as well as regulation and implementation were analyzed in the article. Comparative legal analysis was carried out of the acts of national labor legislation for compliance with international and European standards, enshrined in conventions and recommendations of the International Labor Organization , Attention is drawn to the fact that Ukraine has not yet undertaken obligations under paragraph 1 of Art. 4 of the European Social Charter (revised).The essence and significance of the minimum wage as one of the main state social guarantees is revealed, taking into account changes and amendments, made by the Legislation of Ukraine. The ratio of the category "minimum wage" and the category "subsistence level set for able-bodied persons on January 1 of the calendar year" is determined.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ANGLO-AMERICAN AND CONTINENTAL MODELS OF JUDICIAL INVESTIGATION INVOLVING THE JURY
Authors: V. Bertovskiy Lev , A. Lutcenko Pavel , V. Maslov Igor , A. Sinitsyn Valentin , A. Nichiporenko Alexander
Published: February 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of experience of Anglo-American and continental legal system countries as to including the public into administration of justice as jurors. The studied form of criminal legal procedure is one of the most disputable, as it is dependent not only and not as much on the criminal-procedural legislation development, as on the condition of judicial system, its efficiency, democratization and humanization of criminal justice. Besides, the jury trial institution has not only legal but also social significance, because it is a form of the public control over observance of criminal law serving as a guarantee against abuse on the part of the state. The research objective is to comprehensively analyze the features of judicial investigation with participation of jurors in the Anglo-American and continental legal system countries, to reveal the positive experience, and to evaluate the possibility of its implementation in the Russian legal framework taking into account the dynamics of criminal-procedural legislation development. The leading research method is comparative-legal method used for studying the foreign legislation regulating the order of judicial investigation with participation of jurors. Analysis of the data on complicated form of judicial investigation is based on statistical method, and analyzing 32 criminal cases investigated by jury trial. It was concluded that the Russian model of judicial investigation with the jurors significantly differs from the foreign analogs; given the significant differences of the subject and structure, it can be defined as a composite one, combining the features of Anglo-American and continental law models. The article materials may serve as a basis for constructive academic discussion, for further insights into the issues of implementation of the citizens’ constitutional right for administering justice, and for elaboration of practical recommendations on implementation of Article 42 of the Russian Criminal-Procedural Code and clarification of certain normative provisions.
POWER OF THE RUSSIAN MONARCH:
Authors: Shairian Georii
Published: February 2022

The study analyzes the legal nature of the tsar's power as a result of a long civilizational and cultural genesis of the Russian statehood with its source and fundamental features. There are four of them: succession autocracy, legal unlimitedness, tsar’s supremacy and sanctity. The study of the proposed problem takes into account the opinions of foreign and Russian authors, who laid the methodological foundations for the study of Russia as a kind of cultural and historical type with it own unique features. Each of these features describes the special aspects of tsar’s power, preserving it as a whole, since the diminution of any of its properties leads to the loss of understanding the tsar’s power as a legal phenomenon, significantly different from any other versions of the supreme power. The study involves many foreign and Russian authors, who formed the methodological basis of research in Russia as a kind of cultural and historical type, which has its own unique features that persist today.
SOME ASPECTS OF LEGAL REGULATION OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS TRADE IN THE EU
Authors: G. Martirosyan Elen
Published: February 2022

This study deals with certain aspects of the common agricultural policy of the EU and considers some features of legal regulation of agricultural trade in the EU. Legal principles in regulating the organization of agricultural markets are highlighted; the system of intervention price and threshold price is analyzed. It is concluded that the prospects for the development of the agricultural market organization are described by certain economic indicators like production and consumption, exports and imports, acreage, etc. At the same time, there are legal factors that can significantly influence the legal aspects of agricultural trade in the European Union. For example, some of them are the system of mandatory compensation, new environmental standards, etc. A special place is occupied by the result of the reform of the agricultural sector: a system of one-time subsidies for farmers has been introduced.
EFECTOS SOCIALES DEL PROCESO DE LICENCIAMIENTO UNIVERSITARIO EN LOS ESTUDIANTES DE UNIVERSIDADES NO LICENCIADAS EN LA REGIÓN DEL CUSCO
Authors: Flórez Mujica Indira Yesenia
Published: February 2022

El artículo presenta el análisis descriptivo de los efectos sociales del proceso de Licenciamiento Universitario en los estudiantes de Universidades no licenciadas en la región del Cusco, bajo las categorias de deserción y migración educativa. La investigación es de enfoque mixto, nivel descriptivo y diseño no experimental – transversal. Se aplicó una encuesta a 363 estudiantes afectados, llegando a la conclusión que producto de dicha coyuntura, solo el 34% terminará sus estudios en sus universidades bajo las condiciones en las que iniciaron, el 27% deberá migrar a otras universidades dentro y fuera de la región, el 17% dejarán de formarse profesionalmente y un 21% se encuentra en total incertidumbre
Tres reflexiones sobre el pasado proceso electoral
Authors: Cruz José Miguel
Published: February 2022

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 52, No. 583, 1997: 443-447.
lnconstitucionalidad de la Ley del Sistema de Ahorro para Pensiones
Authors: Ciencias Jurídicas Departamento de
Published: February 2022

El Estado tiene la obligación de velar por la seguridad social de los trabajadores. Este principio constitucional, y todo el andamiaje que lo sustenta en la legislación secundaria, es violado, como lo sostiene este artículo, por la Ley del Sistema de Ahorro para Pensiones, que es sólo una de las iniciativas abiertamente inconstitucionales comprendidas en el plan de modernización y privatización impulsado por el gobierno.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 52, No. 585-586, 1997: 711-725.
¿Podemos cantar victoria?
Authors: UCA Instituto de Derechos Humanos De la
Published: February 2022

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 52, No. 585-586, 1997: 743-749.
No a la privatización de ANTEL ; Pronunciamiento de las organizaciones no gubernamentales
Authors: Editor El
Published: February 2022

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 52, No. 585-586, 1997: 767-778.
An evaluation of transvaginal ultrasound in the assessment of endometrial thickness in black South African patients presenting with postmenopausal uterine bleeding
Authors:   , Moodley Premla
Published: February 2022

The object of this study was to use Transvaginal ultrasound to evaluate the thickness of the endometrium to exclude endometrial abnormality in Black South African women with postmenopausal uterine bleeding. Transvaginal ultrasound is an excellent diagnostic method for assessing endometrial pathology. The study was carried out at the Gynaecological Ultrasound Department, King Edward VIII Hospital. The study included 76 Black women with postmenopausal uterine bleeding. The thickness of the endometrium was measured by Transvaginal ultrasound. The measurement included both endometrial layers (double-layer technique). The Transvaginal ultrasound measurement was compared with the histopathological diagnosis of the biopsy specimens. At the end of the investigation, findings obtained were 3.9% non-representative, 44.8% endometrial adenocarcinomas, 14.5% benign polyp, 3.9% chronic Endometritis, 17.1% benign endometrium, 5.3% endometrial hyperplasia, 9.2% atrophic endometrium, 3.9% myometrial invasion and 1.3% Malignant Mixed Mullerian Tumour. In this study, the thickness of the endometrial echo varied from 5mm to 35mm, with a mean of 18,2mm. When the thickness of the endometrial echo was compared with the histopathological results, the mean value for non-representative was 7.83mm, much lower than the thickness of an active endometrium (13.25mm). In cases with atrophic endometrium, the thickness ranged from 6mm to 30mm with a mean of 15.86mm. The mean value obtained for cases with endometrial adenocarcinoma was 20.32mm (range 11 to 35mm). The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of Transvaginal ultrasound for detecting endometrial malignancy were 100% if the cutoff limit of 4mm was used In conclusion, this study using Transvaginal ultrasound demonstrated that a thickness limit greater than 8mm was considered in detecting malignancy. No malignant endometrium was thinner than 5mm. Therefore in women with postmenopausal uterine bleeding and an endometrium less than 4mm, it may be justified not to perform further investigations. Transvaginal ultrasound is a simple, well-tolerated safe and reliable method for identifying endometrial thickness in postmenopausal Black South African women.
The effectiveness of the homoeopathic preparation traumeels in the treatment of delayed onset muscle stiffness following a standard marathon
Authors:   , Bondonno Roberto Carlo
Published: February 2022

Delayed onset muscle stiffness (DOMS), a condition characterised by pain and muscle sti:tfuess, as a result of intense or unaccustomed exercise. The effectiveness of the homoeopathic broad spectrum anti-inflammatory, Traumeel S, in the treatment ofDOMS, acquired after a marathon run, was determined. An experimental single variable design before-and-after with control was used. Thirty males between the ages of 20 and 40 years, with previous running experience, were drawn from marathon nmners in the Durban and Johannesburg area. They were randomly assigned to either a placebo or treatment group. An intramuscular injection was administered into the hamstring muscle before and after the race. The placebo group was injected with a 0.9% saline solution, while the treatment group was injected with Traumeel S. Before and after completion of a 42.2 km marathon run the following parameters were measured: creatine kinase blood levels, the strength and power output of muscles, values of static jump, flexibility and pain and soreness perception. The data was analysed using Statgraphics plus version 6.0 incorporating the Wilcoxin Signed Rank Test for determining the statistical significance within the treatment and placebo group and the Mann-Whitney U-Test for determining statistical significance between the two groups. No significance difference was observed in the rate of recovery from DOMS of both treatment and placebo groups
An investigation into the production of intra-articular gas bubbles and increase in joint space in the zygapophyseal joints of the cervical spine following spinal manipulation in asymptomatic subjects
Authors:   , Cascioli Vincenzo
Published: February 2022

Currently, no scientific evidence exits to demonstrate that radiolucent cavities, or an increase in joint space in the cervical zygapophyseal joints, occur following the manipulation of these joints. However, previous studies have demonstrated the presence of these phenomena in the metacarpophalangeal joints following the application of linear traction to these joints to the point of cavitation ('cracking'). This study was designed to determine whether such phenomena occurred in the cervical spine. Plain film and computed tomographic imaging were used for this purpose. It was hypothesized that an increase in joint space and a decrease in joint density (radiolucent cavity) would be demonstrable following the application of the manipulation in the non-traction and particularly the traction positions of the neck. Volunteers were screened for conformity with the inclusion criteria. Of these, 22 asymptomatic subjects were selected. The subjects were then assigned to one or two of 6 possible experimental groups. The subjects of each group were radiographically imaged before and immediately after the manipulation. In all cases except for Experiment 1 the subjects received : o a pre-manipulation X-ray and/or CT scan, o a pre-manipulation plus traction X-ray and/or CT scan, a post-manipulation X-ray and/or CT scan and o a post-manipulation plus traction X-ray and/or CT scan. A total of 83 CT scans consisting of 1660 images and 36 fluoroscopy-assisted plain-film radiographs were performed.
Social Communications and Practice of Criminal Activities by Baby Theft in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Pejanović Ljubo , Stojanović Stevan , Stojanović Radoje , Stojanović Nenad , Ristić Jovana
Published: February 2022

We live in a world full of controversial contradictions, with a large number of different threats, dangers, risks and consequences, among which are the problems of stealing babies from maternity hospitals in the Republic of Serbia. In a large number of countries where babies are targeted, there is the former Yugoslavia, and thus the Republic of Serbia. In the description of this research problem, there is a significant problem of state institutions that do not have evidence and results on the prevention and detection of violators of criminal and criminal acts of theft of babies. On the contrary, state and private social and medical institutions have successfully communicated, cooperated and carried out criminal activities of stealing babies. So, in these and similar conditions, families and their babies have been the targets of organized crime in committing crimes of illicit theft or kidnapping of babies, by their parents. Frequent perpetrators of crimes and participants in crime are individual doctors, midwives, nurses and criminals, who buy or payfor the delivery of a baby, by acquiring large amounts of money, for each baby sold. The analysis showed that state institutions, including some members, the Ministry of Health (maternity hospitals), the Ministry of the Interior (Police) and the Ministry of Justice (prosecutor's offices and courts), which did not show, participated, communicated and acted in the mentioned acts. responsibility and results in finding and seizing stolen babies, except for a small number of individual cases. Their stated results, they needed to protect their colleagues who participated in the theft of babies. Accordingly, an association of families was organized and formed, whose stolen and sold babies just disclosed the participants who stole their babies, as shown by our research results. Key words: baby theft, crime, crime, doctors, midwives, medical staff
QUANTUM JOURNALISM: PROLEGOMEN OF MEASUREMENT (identification of criteria for the formation of representation about the unit of analysis and the unit of measurement)
Authors: Kholod Oleksandr
Published: February 2022

The article aimed to search for and identify the criteria for forming an idea of the unit of analysis and the unit of measurement in quantum journalism (Kyushu).The research methodology involved the use of methods of three groups: general philosophical (the method of quantum monism; the ideas of realism; the concept of Unity); scientific-practical methods –observation, description and measurement; scientific theoretical methods –formalization, axiomatization, analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, generalization, analogy, and abstraction.Results. Since today in the philosophical fields (metaphysics, nonclassical physics (quantum), and classical physics) there are no units of analysis and measurement of synergetic processes and phenomena in quantum journalism (quantum communication), further within holism and the author's concept of Unity it is proposed to create a new "1 hall", or "one holism". The range of analysis and measurement that form the unit "1 hall" should be considered the manifestations of the impact on the environment of a portion of energy (quantum) in the form of intensity and strength of changes that such energy (quantum) causes information flow.Conclusions. According to the results of the analytical review of existing ideas on measurement, it is appropriate to state ambivalent tendencies to identify the criteria for forming an idea of the unit of analysis and the unit of measurement in quantum journalism (more broadly -in the theory of quantum communication). On the one hand, measurement in quantum journalism is inexpedient. On the other hand, such a measurement is possible. From the standpoint of materialism, measurement in quantum journalism is possible thanks to digital indicators. From the point of view of metaphysics, measurement is possible taking into account the synergetic unity as a result of the combination of synergetic-convergent and cross-transmedia characteristics of information processes due to the unit "hall" (holism).Key words: quantum journalism, kyuzhur, measurement, unit of analysis, unit of measurement, identification of criteria.
Social communication as control and imagination
Authors: Elbeshausen Hans , Demir Ahmet
Published: February 2022

For about a decade, the “Initiative der Verschickungskinder” has been drawing attention to the predominantly negative experiences made by children that were sentto recreation resorts in the Federal Republic of Germany. Between 1950 and 1990, an estimated 10 million children and adolescents between the ages of 2 and 14 were sent to these institutions for 6 weeks for recreational purposes and cared for there. The theoretical framework of the article is formed by the concepts of institutional rationality and social communication. It is assumed that institutions follow certain criteria of rationality and guiding ideas, while it is up to social communication to enforcethese criteria in practice. The article explores the questions of how former “Verschickungskinder” describe their stay, what image of the institutional structure is visible in their experiences and how big the discrepancy is between the guiding ideas of the sending-away-system and the reality experienced by the children. The “Initiative der Verschickungskinder” mainly focuses on the social control imposed by these institutions. However, their criticism resonates with the idea and expectation that the institutional purpose must not be exhausted in social control. Rather, institutions of child and youth welfare are supposed to stand for care, development and organizational clarity. Social communication is therefore understood both as social control and as an expression of social fantasy and creative imagination. In every critique, then, there is the design of a better order.Keywords: Sent-Away-Children; Social Communication and Social Criticism, Rationality Criteria and Total Institutions, Coming to Terms with the Past
EU Educational Programs Expertize: Some features of network interaction (collaboration and communication)
Authors: Kurdyumova Iryna
Published: February 2022

The aim of the article is to discover some special features of expertize in the processes of EU educational programs realization. Such realization takes place at different levels in the process of network interactions (social communication and collaboration aspects). According to the Lisbon Treaty, European Community is striving for “knowledge economy”. There is some European research in the field of effective educational development by means of communication and coordination between European states. The main mechanism of such coordination is the creation of EU educational programs. The article demonstrates such characteristics of the Erasmus + Programme as the main goals and priorities in the field of education in the European countries in 2021–2027, both common and special for all levels of education (school, professional, adult education and youth work and sports); school education priorities as an example are given. Some special features of social communication and cooperative partnership at school level are looked through.Particular meaning isattached to the role of experts in the realization of Program Erasmus+ goals’. Experts who take part in the results analysis must disseminate the valuable experience received in certain countries among the rest. The aim of such work is to maximize effective development in the field of education. Some examples of experts’ work organization aregiven: TERENA –the Trans-European Research and Education Networking Association and NESET –Network of Experts on Social Dimension in Education and Training, and EURYDICE –the Eurydice Network is the Education Information Network in Europe. Key words: EU educational programs, expertize, educational development, educational priorities, network interaction, cooperative partnership, collaboration, social communication
The effect of vitamin 25-(OH)-D3 on Glucocorticoid Receptor-β (GRβ) and 25-(OH)-D receptors in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome patients
Authors: Krisni Subandiyah  , Harinda Khanifa Khusna
Published: February 2022

Backgound: Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome (INS) is the most chronic glomerular disease in children. Glucocorticoid is the main therapy acts by binding to glucocorticoid receptor α (GRα), whereas it is reported that glucocorticoid receptor β (GRβ) is a main inhibitor of GRα. The interaction between glucocorticoid receptors and vitamin D can increase anti-inflammation at glucocorticoid receptors, thereby decreasing GRβ levels.  This study was aimed to investigate the effect ssupplementation of vitamin D3 on GRβ and 25-(OH)-D level in children with INS and the correlation between both of parameters.

Method: A randomized clinical trial, double blind, pre and post-test control group was conducted among 30 subjects with newly diagnosed as INS. Subjects were divided into 2 groups, group 1 (G1) were treated with prednisone and vitamin D3 whereas group 2 (G2) were only treated with prednisone. The level of GRβ and 25-(OH)-D level was measured by ELISA method. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 17 for Windows.

Result: There was significant elevation of  25-(OH)-D plasma between G1 (31.46 ± 9.69 ng/mL) and G2 (13.43±17.25 ng/mL) (p<0.001), and significant decrease of GRβ levels  between G1 (-13.71 ± 8.06 ng/mL) and G2 (-0.917 ± 3.76 ng/mL) (p<0.000). Pearson testing first group showed that vitamin D level was positively correlated with GRβ levels (r=0.458; p= 0.01).

Conclusion: The effect supplementation of vitamin D3 can increase 25-(OH)-D level and decrease of GRβ levels significantly in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome who receive glucocorticoid therapy.
Clinical features and neonatal outcomes of neonatus with mother suspected COVID-19 in Malang, Indonesia: a serial-cases, single-centre
Authors: Brigitta Ida Resita Vebrianti Corebima  , Eko Sulistijono  , Setya Mithra Hartiastuti  , Atiek Wulandari  , Vanisia Hayu Firdayanti  , Nisak Humairoh  , Setya Trista Kusumawahyuni
Published: February 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected every facet of life, beginning with the first hours and days after birth, some have argued that the prudent course is to isolate infants from mothers with suspected or confirmed COVID-19. This serial-cases showed the neonate’s outcome with mother suspected COVID-19.

Cases: Four neonates were born from mother with suspected or confirmed with COVID-19. The neonates were born with 7-9 APGAR score and within normal limit. All of the patients were discharged from the hospital after two days of isolation in the hospital with negative Nucleic Acid Test of SARS-CoV-2 results.

Conclusion: The clinical characteristics of neonates and neonatal outcome appear very good, and these outcomes are achieved with intensive, active management, which might be the best practice in resuscitation, stabilization, bathing the baby before going to the isolation ward, and management the patient in the isolation ward
Co-Administration of Vitamins C and E is Protective against Reserpine-induced Motor Impairment in Mice.
Authors: Timothy Danboyi , Jimoh Abdulazeez , lhassan AbdulWahab , Hassan-Danboyi Evelyn , Sadiq M. Muazu , Solomon N. Emmanuel , Yakubu B. Billy
Published: February 2022

Background: The conventional treatments for Parkinson's disease, the most common movement disorder globally, have not been able to halt its progression hence, newer approaches targeting its pathogenesis are being explored. We investigated the effect of vitamins C and E (in combination) on reserpine-induced motor impairment in mice. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five mice were randomly grouped into five groups of five mice each. All the groups except group I (control), were given an alternate days injection of reserpine 0.1 mg/kg intraperitoneally. Groups III and IV were administered vitamin E 200 mg/kg/day (vitamin E group), and vitamin C 250 mg/kg/day (vitamin C group), respectively while group V (co-administered group) was given both vitamins orally. Group II (reserpine group) received nothing in addition to reserpine. All drugs were given concurrently for 28 days. The neurobehavioral assessment was performed using beam walking and open field tasks. Results were presented as mean±SEM and statistical significance was placed at p < 0.05. Results: There were significant increases in a number of foot slips (3.60±0.68; p = 0.002) and the time spent in reaching the 'safe' platform (36.60±5.78 s; p = 0.0001) in the reserpine group, both of which were markedly reduced in the co-administered group (0.25±0.25 and 3.00±0.41s respectively). The co-administered group demonstrated a marked decrease in transfer latency (10.33±1.45s; p = 0.005) and crossed significantly more lines (56.00±13.53 lines; p = 0.0001) in the open field compared to the reserpine group (214.00±64.16s and 4.3±1.67 lines respectively). Conclusion: Co-administration of vitamins C and E protected against motor impairment induced by reserpine in mice.
Computed tomography dose index and spatial resolution in abdominal ct: phantom study
Authors: EL MANSOURI M'hamed , CHOUKRI Abdelmajid , TALBI Mohammed , KHALLOUKI Othmane
Published: February 2022

This work aimed to evaluate the impact of tube current on spatial resolution and volumetric computed tomography dose index (CTDIvol) at abdominal CT examinations. The measurements have been performed on HITACHI CT 16-slice Scanner using twophantoms (PMMA and Catphan 500) for evaluating the CTDIvol and spatial resolution. two tube voltages of 120KVp and 100KVp have been used while varying the tube current settings from 155 to 300 (mAs). The scanning at 100KVp compared to 120KVp has resulted in a dose reduction up to 38% at tube currents ranging from 100 to 300 (mAs) with a slight decrease in spatial resolution. This work has shown that it is possible to reduce the dose without affecting the spatial resolution by lowering the tube voltage from 120KVp to 100KVp.Keywords: Abdominal CT; CTDIv; Image Quality; Phantom.
NADPH oxidase and superoxide-producing associates in cells of the spinal cord in diabetic rats with spinal cord injury
Authors: Simonyan K. V. , Simonyan R. M. , Avetisyan L. G. , Isoyan A. S. , Chavushyan V. A.
Published: February 2022

In a rat model of fructose-induced diabetes, a method for isolating and purifying the total fraction of NOX1 and NOX2 isoforms and the total fraction of O2 – producing stable associates of NOX and NADPH isoforms-containing lipoprotein (NCL associate) from cell membranes and intracellular formations was developed for the first time. The characteristics of changes in the optic spectra related to the level of NOX and associates were examined. In rat experiments, an important source of O2 – radicals under conditions of oxidative stress, namely NOX and its associates, was identified. The amounts of NOX and its associates, as well as the activity of these biochemical systems, were found to be significantly higher in fructose-induced type 2 diabetic rats than in control rats. In turn, the indices in diabetic rats with partial transection of spinal cord are significantly higher than those in diabetic rats with no spinal cord trauma. Such findings confirm the hypothesis that oxidative stress is an important pathogenetic factor in both diabetes and spinal cord injury.

Keywords:  NOX, diabetes, spinal cord injury.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA ASSISTÊNCIA TÉCNICA E EXTENSÃO RURAL A PRODUTORES DE BASE FAMILIAR
Authors: Simões Michele da Rosa Scholant
Published: February 2022

Este trabalho apresenta a importância da assistência técnica e extensão rural a produtores de base familiar. Foi possível constatar que a adoção de um novo modelo de desenvolvimento pelo Brasil, e a consequente criação e aumento de políticas públicas voltadas para a inclusão e a promoção do desenvolvimento rural sustentável, para o agricultor familiar. Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da utilização de assistência técnica sobre a renda mensal dos agricultores familiares. A qualidade dos alimentos orgânicos, tornando-se essencial para o acesso ao mercado consumidor e para garantir a credibilidade desses produtos e, assim, consolidar a agricultura orgânica como instrumento para o desenvolvimento da agricultura familiar. Neste sentindo, ainda têm diversos desafios para o desenvolvimento rural. A expansão da política, associada às análises sistêmicas para seu constante aperfeiçoamento, é, deste modo, um caminho promissor para o desenvolvimento econômico da agricultura familiar no Brasil.
QUAIS SÃO OS FATORES QUE INFLUENCIAM NPS DO PROGRAMA DE MESTRADO PROFISSIONAL DE GESTÃO E NEGÓCIOS DA UNISINOS
Authors: Fernandes Alessandro , Carpes Fabiano , Melzer Cristiano Elias  , Ballardim Luiz Felipe Terres  , Zambonato  Sérgio Luiz Batistella 
Published: February 2022

O presente trabalho buscou analisar os fatores que podem exercem influência sobre o índice de Net Promoter Score – NPS das turmas de Mestrado Profissional em Gestão e Negócios da Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos – UNISINOS, que tiveram início de seus estudos no primeiro semestre de 2019, partindo de uma metodologia quantitativa, aplicando o questionário padrão NPS, com questões complementares. O estudo foi precedido por um referencial teórico que abordou organização de marketing, qualidade em serviços, lealdade do consumidor e conceitos de NPS, incluindo sua crítica. Os resultados explicitaram o impacto que um consumidor detrator sobre o índice final.
Differential absorption lidar measurements of water vapor by the High Altitude Lidar Observatory (HALO): retrieval framework and first results
Authors: Carroll Brian J. , Nehrir Amin R. , Kooi Susan A. , Collins James E. , Barton-Grimley Rory A. , Notari Anthony , Harper David B. , Lee Joseph
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Airborne differential absorption lidar (DIAL) offers a uniquely capable solution to the problem of measuring water vapor (WV) with high precision, accuracy, and resolution throughout the troposphere and
lower stratosphere. The High Altitude Lidar Observatory (HALO) airborne WV
DIAL was recently developed at NASA Langley Research Center and was first
deployed in 2019. It uses four wavelengths near 935 nm to achieve
sensitivity over a wide dynamic range and simultaneously employs 1064 nm
backscatter and 532 nm high-spectral-resolution lidar (HSRL) measurements
for aerosol and cloud profiling. A key component of the WV retrieval
framework is flexibly trading resolution for precision to achieve optimal
datasets for scientific objectives across scales. An approach to retrieving
WV in the lowest few hundred meters of the atmosphere using the strong
surface return signal is also presented. The five maiden flights of the HALO WV DIAL spanned the tropics through
midlatitudes with a wide range of atmospheric conditions, but opportunities
for validation were sparse. Comparisons to dropsonde WV profiles were
qualitatively in good agreement, though statistical analysis was impossible
due to systematic error in the dropsonde measurements. Comparison of HALO to in situ WV measurements aboard the aircraft showed no substantial bias
across 3 orders of magnitude, despite variance (R2=0.66) that
may be largely attributed to spatiotemporal variability. Precipitable water
vapor measurements from the spaceborne sounders AIRS and IASI compared very
well to HALO with R2>0.96 over ocean.
Dimethylated sulfur compounds in the Peruvian upwelling system
Authors: Zhao Yanan , Booge Dennis , Marandino Christa A. , Schlundt Cathleen , Bracher Astrid , Atlas Elliot L. , Williams Jonathan , Bange Hermann W.
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Our understanding of the biogeochemical cycling of the
climate-relevant trace gas dimethyl sulfide (DMS) in the Peruvian upwelling
system is still limited. Here we present oceanic and atmospheric DMS
measurements which were made during two shipborne cruises in December 2012
(M91) and October 2015 (SO243) in the Peruvian upwelling region.
Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were also
measured during M91. DMS concentrations were 1.9 ± 0.9 and 2.5 ± 1.9 nmol L−1 in surface waters in October 2015 and
December 2012, respectively. Nutrient availability appeared to be the main
driver of the observed variability in the surface DMS distributions in the
coastal areas. DMS, DMSP, and DMSO showed maxima in the surface layer, and no
elevated concentrations associated with the oxygen minimum zone off Peru
were measured. The possible role of DMS, DMSP, and DMSO as radical scavengers
(stimulated by nitrogen limitation) is supported by their negative
correlations with N:P (sum of nitrate and nitrite : dissolved phosphate)
ratios. Large variations in atmospheric DMS mole fractions were measured
during M91 (144.6 ± 95.0 ppt) and SO243 (91.4 ± 55.8 ppt);
however, the atmospheric mole fractions were generally low, and the
sea-to-air flux was primarily driven by seawater DMS. The Peruvian upwelling
region was identified as a source of atmospheric DMS in December 2012 and
October 2015. However, in comparison to the previous measurements in the
adjacent regions, the Peru upwelling was a moderate source of DMS emissions at
either time (M91: 5.9 ± 5.3 µmol m−2 d−1; SO243: 3.8 ± 2.7 µmol m−2 d−1).
Vegetation change across the Drake Passage region linked to late Eocene cooling and glacial disturbance after the Eocene–Oligocene transition
Authors: Thompson Nick , Salzmann Ulrich , López-Quirós Adrián , Bijl Peter K. , Hoem Frida S. , Etourneau Johan , Sicre Marie-Alexandrine , Roignant Sabine , Hocking Emma , Amoo Michael , Escutia Carlota
Published: February 2022

Abstract. The role and climatic impact of the opening of the Drake Passage
and how it affected both marine and terrestrial environments across the
Eocene–Oligocene transition (EOT ∼34 Ma) period remains
poorly understood. Here we present new terrestrial palynomorph data compared
with recently compiled lipid biomarker (n-alkane) data from Ocean Drilling
Program (ODP) Leg 113, Site 696, drilled on the margin of the South Orkney
Microcontinent (SOM) in the Weddell Sea, to investigate changes in
terrestrial environments and palaeoclimate across the late Eocene and early
Oligocene (∼37.6–32.2 Ma). Early late Eocene floras and
sporomorph-based climate estimates reveal Nothofagus-dominated forests growing under
wet temperate conditions, with mean annual temperature (MAT) and
precipitation (MAP) around 12 ∘C and 1802 mm respectively. A
phase of latest Eocene terrestrial cooling at 35.5 Ma reveals a decrease in
MAT by around 1.4 ∘C possibly linked to the opening of the Powell
Basin. This is followed by an increase in reworked Mesozoic sporomorphs
together with sedimentological evidence indicating ice expansion to coastal
and shelf areas approximately 34.1 Myr ago. However, major changes
to the terrestrial vegetation at Site 696 did not take place until the early
Oligocene, where there is a distinct expansion of gymnosperms and cryptogams
accompanied by a rapid increase in taxon diversity and a shift in terrestrial
biomarkers reflecting a change from temperate forests to cool temperate
forests following 33.5 Ma. This surprising expansion of gymnosperms and
cryptogams is suggested to be linked to environmental disturbance caused by
repeat glacial expansion and retreat, which facilitated the proliferation of
conifers and ferns. The timing of glacial onset at Site 696 is linked to the
global cooling at the EOT, yet the latest Eocene regional cooling cannot
directly be linked to the observed vegetation changes. Therefore, our
vegetation record provides further evidence that the opening of the Drake
Passage and Antarctic glaciation were not contemporaneous, although stepwise
cooling in response to the opening of ocean gateways surrounding the
Antarctic continent may have occurred prior to the EOT.
Arctic sea ice sensitivity to lateral melting representation in a coupled climate model
Authors: Smith Madison M. , Holland Marika , Light Bonnie
Published: February 2022

Abstract. The melting of sea ice floes from the edges (lateral melting) results in open-water formation and subsequently increases absorption of solar shortwave energy. However, lateral melt plays a small role in the sea ice mass budget in both hemispheres in most climate models. This is likely influenced by the simple parameterization of lateral melting in sea ice models that are constrained by limited observations. Here we use a coupled climate model (CESM2.0) to assess the sensitivity of modeled sea ice state to the lateral melt parameterization in preindustrial and 2×CO2 runs. The runs explore the implications of how lateral melting is parameterized and structural changes in how it is applied. The results show that sea ice is sensitive both to the parameters determining the effective lateral melt rate and the nuances in how lateral melting is applied to the ice pack. Increasing the lateral melt rate is largely compensated for by decreases in the basal melt rate but still results in a significant decrease in sea ice concentration and thickness, particularly in the marginal ice zone. Our analysis suggests that this is tied to the increased efficiency of lateral melting at forming open water during the summer melt season, which drives the majority of the ice–albedo feedback. The more seasonal Southern Hemisphere ice cover undergoes larger relative reductions in sea ice concentration and thickness for the same relative increase in lateral melt rate, likely due to the hemispheric differences in the role of the sea-ice–upper-ocean coupling.
Additionally, increasing the lateral melt rate under a 2×CO2 forcing, where sea ice is thinner, results in a smaller relative change in sea ice mean state but suggests that open-water-formation feedbacks are likely to steepen the decline to ice-free summer conditions.
Overall, melt processes are more efficient at forming open water in thinner ice scenarios (as we are likely to see in the future), suggesting the importance of accurately representing thermodynamic evolution. Revisiting model parameterizations of lateral melting with observations will require finding new ways to represent salient physical processes.
Development of a curled wake of a yawed wind turbine under turbulent and sheared inflow
Authors: Hulsman Paul , Wosnik Martin , Petrović Vlaho , Hölling Michael , Kühn Martin
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Redirecting the wake from an upstream wind turbine by yawing its rotor can reduce the negative impact of the wake on a downstream turbine.
The present research investigated wind turbine wake behaviour for three yaw angles [-30,0,30∘] at different inflow turbulence levels and shear profiles under controlled conditions.
Experiments were conducted using a model wind turbine with 0.6 m diameter (D) in a large wind tunnel. A short-range lidar WindScanner was used to map the wake with high spatial and temporal resolution in vertical, cross-stream planes at different downstream locations and in a horizontal plane at hub height. The lidar WindScanner enabled fast measurements at multiple locations in comparison to the standard hot-wire measurements.
The flow structures and the energy dissipation rate of the wake were measured from 1 up to 10 D, and for one inflow case up to 16 D, downstream of the turbine rotor.
A strong dependency of the wake characteristics on both the yaw angle and the inflow conditions was observed. In addition, the curled wake that develops under yaw misalignment due to the counter-rotating vortex pair was more pronounced with a boundary layer (sheared) inflow condition than for uniform inflow with different turbulence levels. Furthermore, the lidar velocity data and calculated quantities such as the energy dissipation rate compared favourably with hot-wire data from previous experiments with a similar inflow condition and wind turbine model in the same facility, lending credibility to the measurement technique and methodology used here. The results of this measurement campaign provided a deeper understanding of the development of the wake for different yaw angles and inflow conditions which can help improve wake models.
A fully integrated optimization framework for designing a complex geometry offshore wind turbine spar-type floating support structure
Authors: Leimeister Mareike , Collu Maurizio , Kolios Athanasios
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Spar-type platforms for floating offshore wind turbines are considered suitable for commercial wind farm deployment. To reduce the hurdles of such floating systems becoming competitive, in situ aero-hydro-servo-elastic simulations are applied to support conceptual design optimization by including transient and non-linear loads. For reasons of flexibility, the utilized optimization framework and problem are modularly structured so that the setup can be applied to both an initial conceptual design study for bringing innovative floater configurations to light and a subsequent optimization for obtaining detailed designs. In this paper, a spar floater for a 5 MW wind turbine is used as the basis. The approach for generating an initial but very innovative conceptual floater design comprises the segmentation of the floating cylinder into three parts, the specification of a freer optimization formulation with fewer restrictions on the floater geometry, and the allowance for alternative ballast materials. The optimization of the support structure focuses primarily on cost reduction, expressed in terms of the objective to minimize the floater structural material. The optimization results demonstrate significant potential for cost savings when alternative structural and manufacturing strategies are considered.