bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AN X-BAND TRANSCEIVER DESIGN FOR COHERENT PULSE RADAR WITH PULSE-TO-PULSE FREQUENCY SWITCHING ABILITY
Authors:   Le Quy Don Technical University, Nguyen Van Bac
Published: September 2022

The paper offers several technical solutions to design X-band transceiver with improvements to overcome the limitations of the conventional transceiver which is low frequency switching rate. In this solution, we suggest using DDS (Direct Digital Synthesizer) to perform two functions simultaneously: modulating and changing the frequency of the probe signal. This design has been implemented on hardware devices and integrated in a fully functional radar system. Experimental results approved that the new radar transceiver has met the requirements of fast frequency switching from pulse to pulse, ensuring the noise factorwas not exceeding 5dB and sensitivity of -100dBm. In field deployment, the radar system was capable of detecting sea targets at a distance up to35 nautical miles.
We Set the Climate: Implications for Rural School Counselors in Creating LGBTQIA-affirming Schools
Authors: Couture Valerie , Shaw Erin , Behrend Bonni
Published: September 2022

This phenomenological qualitative study examined a Southern regional sample (N=9) of rural school counselors’ perspectives of the procedures and processes that contributed to their ability to create safe zones in an effort to make their schools more LGBTQIA-affirming. The researchers identified five key themes and twelve subthemes. The key themes were: (a) organized support system, (b) collaborations with school leadership, (c) addressing challenges, (d) utilization of professional development resources, and (e) adherence to professional ethics.
The Factor Structure of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule in Multiethnic Adults
Authors: Crowe Allison , Mullen Patrick , Barnes Rachelle
Published: September 2022

The following research used factor analyses to test the PANAS with a diverse sample. Results revealed a 10-item, two-factor model that was verified using internal replication analysis. Positive and negative affect according to ethnic group revealed significant differences between groups. Findings from this study offer counseling researchers and practitioners a modified version of the PANAS for diverse clients.
Propriedades Combinatórias sobre a sequência de Jacobsthal, a noção de tabuleiro e alguns apontamentos históricos
Authors: Alves Francisco Régis Vieira
Published: September 2022

De modo quase recorrente, podemos deparar determinadas concepções (equivocadas) em torno da exploração de um cenário de História da Matemática, nem sempre de forma a envolver repercussão imediata para a sala de aula, ao passo que se amparam em um discurso retórico-acadêmico que relega, quase de forma residual, o próprio saber matemático ao segundo plano. Diante desse entrave, no presente trabalho se realiza um breve exame histórico e evolutivo sobre a Sequência de Jacobsthal. Sua escolha estabelece um contraponto com a Sequência de Fibonacci, cujos autores de livros de História da Matemática costumam enfatizar um viés alegórico e de divertimento. Por outro lado, ao passo que considera a noção de tabuleiro, o trabalho proporciona uma compreensão de determinados elementos heurísticos originados do emprego da abordagem combinatória, de um expediente de visualização e um itinerário de generalização de propriedades matemáticas, por intermédio dos casos.
Überleben in der neuen Arbeitswelt
Authors: Britz-Averkamp Ingrid , Eich-Fangmeier Christine
Published: September 2022

Den drastischen Umbruch zu New Work meistern – so geht’s!

New Work hält überall Einzug mit offenen, flexiblen Raum- und Arbeitskonzepten, orts- und zeitungebundener Zusammenarbeit in verteilten Teams und vermehrter Homeoffice-Arbeit. Was einerseits enorme Innovations- und Einsparpotenziale verspricht, birgt andererseits Risiken wie HR-Probleme, Gesundheitsbelastungen und Produktivitätseinbußen.

Die disruptiven Veränderungen führen zu Umstellungsdruck und Unsicherheiten bei den Mitarbeitern, müssen sie sich doch auf den Verlust ihres eigenen Schreibtisches und das Auseinanderdriften der „Bürofamilie“ einstellen, komplett digitale, virtuelle Prozesse beherrschen lernen und sich den ständigen Änderungen anpassen. Die Hauptlast tragen dabei die Führungskräfte, Teamleiter und Personalverantwortliche – in ihrer Sandwichposition zwischen hohen Unternehmenszielen und heterogenen Mitarbeiteransprüchen.

Mit Fachwissen und Humor analysieren die Autorinnen die Veränderungen auf allen Ebenen. In diesem modular aufgebauten Ratgeber geben sie Führungskräften ein „Survival Kit“ mit erkenntnisreichen Selbsttests und Praxistipps für jede Stufe der Transformation an die Hand – von der Neuorientierung über die Eigenmotivation und Homeoffice-Organisation bis zu Teambuilding und neuem gesunden Führen.
Aus Fehlern wird man gut
Authors: Kratz Hans-Jürgen
Published: September 2022

Warum eine gesunde Fehlerkultur in Unternehmen unerlässlich ist

Von Kindesbeinen an lernen wir, dass Fehler mit unangenehmen Konsequenzen verbunden sind. Die negative Betrachtung setzt sich im Berufsleben fort, wo manche Fehler unserem Image Schaden zufügen und unser berufliches Weiterkommen behindern können. Die Konsequenz daraus ist nicht selten das Vertuschen, Leugnen oder Abstreiten statt einem konstruktiven Auseinandersetzen mit der Fehlerursache.

Erst eine Neubewertung von Fehlern führt zu der Erkenntnis, dass Scheitern einen Neuanfang mit besseren Ergebnissen ermöglichen kann.

Was nicht funktioniert, wird offensichtlich.

Hinderliche Strukturen werden deutlich.

Eigene Schwächen oder Schwächen des Teams sind nicht mehr zu übersehen.

Tieferliegende Probleme treten zutage und verlangen eine Lösung.

Ungenaue, unterschiedlich interpretierte Ziele, Weisungen oder Umsetzungsschritte werden modifiziert.

Mit nützlichen Denkanstößen und hilfreichen Beispielen wendet sich Aus Fehlern wird man gut an Führungskräfte und Personalverantwortliche. Diese haben es in der Hand, eine konstruktive Fehlerkultur in ihrem Unternehmen vorzuleben und zu verwirklichen. Auch Mitarbeiter lernen einen entspannteren Umgang mit negativen Ergebnissen, denn: Aus Fehlern wird man gut.
Výuka odborného cizího jazyka na SOŠ a SOU (na příkladu stavebních a dřevozpracujících oborů)
Authors: Pešková Michaela , Kubíková Kateřina , Mištěrová Ivona
Published: September 2022

Cílem studie je analyzovat stav výuky odborného cizího jazyka (OCJ) na středních odborných školách a středních odborných učilištích na příkladu oborů stavebnictví a oborů zpracování dřeva. Dále pak analyzovat závěry strategických dokumentů a na základě výsledků kvalitativního výzkumu popsat aktuální stav výuky OCJ na konkrétních SOŠ a SOU a následně nastínit možná didaktická řešení. Výklady jsou konkretizovány na příkladech oborů stavebnictví (Instalatér, Zedník, Stavebnictví) a zpracování dřeva (Truhlář). Vzhledem ke stanoveným cílům studie a designu výzkumu, který se soustředí zejména na analýzu a mapování současné situace ve výuce odborného cizího jazyka na středních odborných školách, jsme si stanovili následující výzkumné otázky: Jaké metody a didaktické materiály jsou využívány k výuce OCJ? Na jaké bariéry pedagogičtí pracovníci při výuce OCJ narážejí? Prostřednictvím jaké podpory by bylo možné efektivitu výuky OCJ zvýšit? S ohledem na stanovené výzkumné otázky byl výzkum proveden kvalitativní formou metodou polostrukturovaného rozhovoru. Celkově se výzkumu zúčastnilo 51 učitelů z 10 různých škol. Během výzkumu byly prozkoumány strategické dokumenty, školní vzdělávací programy a relevantní učebnice FLSP s cílem (ne)potvrdit jejich (ne)vhodnost pro vyučující a studenty. Výsledky studie naznačují, že kvalita výuky OCJ na zkoumaných středních odborných školách a učilištích je nedostatečná. Didaktická efektivita, kterou je třeba nastavit, spočívá zejména v integraci komunikační kompetence a odborného obsahu, v důrazu na praktičnost a reálnou profesní komunikaci, využití prvků informálního učení a v neposlední řadě v implementaci strategií digitálního vzdělávání.
The Planetary Sublime
Authors: Bendik-Keymer Jeremy ,   International Association for Environmental Philosophy
Published: September 2022

This essay interprets Dipesh Chakrabarty’s The Climate of History in a Planetary Age in light of the European tradition of thought about the sublime. The first half of the essay stages Chakrabarty’s historiography within that tradition focusing on a critical understanding of Kant. Then, the essay considers how the trace of the sublime in Chakrabarty’s approach to planetary history is interpretable as a form of social alienation. That argument draws on the critical theory of Steven Vogel and decolonial critique. Finally, the essay considers the moods of protest as non-alienated responses to the planetary bypassing the coloniality of the sublime.
Unlucky on Twin Earth
Authors: Engelhardt Jeff , Mayer Patrick ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2022

This paper proposes that there is a kind of moral luck that hasn’t been recognized in the philosophical literature: luck in the ‘wide’ contents of one’s concepts. We will treat moral luck as occurring when an agent is morally responsible for X—when X is a matter of luck for that agent. If moral luck is possible and content externalism is true, then there is a heretofore unrecognized kind of moral luck. We call it “conceptual moral luck.” This new kind of moral luck poses significant problems for two major theories of morally responsible agency, Agent-Causal Libertarianism and the Real Self View.
Análise das variáveis perioperatórias e sua relação com as complicações em Sala de Recuperação Pós-Anestésica
Authors: Dias Thaise Loyanne Felix , Dos Anjos Célio Melo , De Andrade Joanlise Marco Leon , Funez Mani Indiana
Published: September 2022

Objetivo: analisar as frequências das complicações em Sala de Recuperação Pós-Anestésica (SRPA) por especialidades cirúrgicas e sua associação com variáveis pré, intra e pós-operatórias imediatas. Método: estudo transversal, com 98 pacientes. Utilizaram-se dados perioperatórios, coletados por meio de entrevista, exame físico e prontuário eletrônico; e análises descritivas, bivariadas e regressão logística. Resultados: hipotermia foi mais frequente nas cirurgias geral e ginecológica em mulheres, sendo associada às anestesias geral ou raquidiana e ao posicionamento litotômico (p<0,05). Náuseas em cirurgias gerais e ginecológicas (p=0,05), e vômitos nas gerais (p=0,01). Dor nas cirurgias gerais, associada à anestesia geral e à prescrição de analgésicos no intraoperatório (p<0,05). Cirurgia geral aumenta 3,5 vezes as chances de dor em SRPA (p=0,01). Conclusão: encontrou-se maior frequência de hipotermia, dor e náuseas/vômitos, associadas às especialidades ginecológica e geral, ao sexo feminino, posicionamento cirúrgico litotômico, à prescrição de analgésicos no intraoperatório e às anestesias raquidiana e geral.
Estudo sobre escritas romanas e medievais e sua relação com jogos de vídeo game
Authors: Lucio Isadora Aita , Matté Volnei
Published: September 2022

O seguinte artigo tem por objetivo principal a compreensão do desenvolvimento das escritas que abarcam os períodos do início do Império Romano até o final da Idade Média. Além disso há também o estabelecimento de relações entre tais letras consagradas e as fontes digitais que foram utilizadas em três séries de jogos de video game, sendo essas: Dante’s Inferno, Devil May Cry e Bayonetta, e a apresentação de uma linha do tempo a qual contém as escritas aqui presentes, bem como os fatos históricos que as cercam. Desse modo, para que esta pesquisa pudesse ser elaborada, várias referências bibliográficas foram consultadas, a fim de verificar os contextos de criação, as finalidades e as situações de uso dessas escritas, para que, no decorrer de tais explanações, houvesse a associação às tipografias dessas franquias de jogos. Assim, ao final, tem-se a percepção da importância destas letras para a caligrafia e a tipografia atuais, e de como elas se perpetuaram ao longo dos anos, para serem usadas em diversos âmbitos, ademais de transmitirem a ambientação destes jogos tanto quanto uma imagem gráfica.
The relationship between parents’ sleep quality and sleep hygiene and preschool children’ sleep habits
Authors: Chehri Azita , Taheri Paraveh , Khazaie Habibolah , Jalali Amir , Ahmadi Alireza , Mohammadi Reza
Published: September 2022

Objective The relationship between parents’ sleep quality and sleep hygiene and preschool children’s sleep habits was examined.

Material and Methods The study population consisted of the parents of all preschool children at daycare centers located in Kermanshah Province. Through cluster sampling, 153 parents from 26 daycare centers were selected. In order to assess the quality of sleep and sleep health of parents, Pittsburg sleep quality index (PSQI) and sleep hygiene index (SHI) were used. As to the status of childrens sleep habits (CSH), the parents also completed child sleep habit questionnaire (CSHQ). Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 25. The non-parametric tests like U Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis’s test, Spearman’s rho, and regression test were used.

Results The mean score of CSHQ from the parents’ viewpoint was 56.34±7.96, which meant a relatively improper sleep habits in the children. The CSH was significantly and directly related to parents’ sleep quality and all of its subscales except two sub-scales (SSQ and HSE). In addition, CSH was directly and significantly related to the parents’ sleep hygiene and its three subscales. The results of multiple linear regression showed that the impact coeffcient of parents’ sleep quality (B=1.02), given the t-value, predicted changes in CSH with 0.99 confidence.

Conclusion In general, the results showed that CSH was in a relatively bad state, while it had a direct relationship with parents’ sleep quality and hygiene. To improve CSH, it is possible to improve parents’ sleep quality through implementing proper programs and motivating parents to observe sleep hygiene.
The nexus between sleep disturbances and mental health outcomes in military staff: a systematic review
Authors: Farhadian Negin , Moradi Alireza , Nami Mohammad , Kazemi Kamran , Ghadami Mohammad Rasoul , Ahmadi Alireza , Mohammadi Reza , Talebi Mohammad Naseh , Chakrabarti Prasun , Kateb Babak , Khazaie Habibolah
Published: September 2022

Objectives Military personnel are unique occupational groups who happen to frequently experience sleep insuffciencies. Since sleep disorders are known to be linked to many psychiatric symptoms, sleep disturbance is a salient concern among active duty service members and veterans. Existing evidence indicates that although sleep disturbances co-occur with mental illnesses, there is a tendency to particularly label them as consequences of certain mental health issues.

Material and Methods This review focuses on the emerging evidence which identifies sleep disturbances as a precursor for mental illnesses. In this regard, the impact of sleep disturbance on the development of mental health outcomes including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety has been thoroughly scrutinized. A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science academic databases using appropriate keywords.

Results Reviewed evidence substantiates the predicting role of sleep complaints and disorders to herald PTSD, depression, and anxiety among military staff.

Conclusion Early diagnosis of sleep disturbances and properly addressing them in active-duty service members and veterans should be then sought to prevent the development and progression of consequent mental health- related comorbidities in this study group.
Agua
Authors:   Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Creus Amalia
Published: September 2022

Olas de calor cada vez más intensas, frecuentes y duraderas. Devastadores incendios, sequías, temperaturas récord… Lenta pero inexorablemente la tierra nos avisa de que está cansada. «Lasciate ogni speranza voi ch’entrate» («Abandonad toda esperanza quienes aquí entráis»), decía la inscripción a las puertas del infierno donde inician su viaje Dante y Virgilio, en La divina comedia. Y a nosotros, ¿qué esperanza nos queda? Del aparente paraíso de la globalización, llegamos ahora a las puertas de nuestro particular infierno. Europa arde, el mar se calienta, el agua escasea.
A neurogenic signature involving monoamine Oxidase-A controls human thermogenic adipose tissue development
Authors: Solivan-Rivera Javier , Yang Loureiro Zinger , DeSouza Tiffany , Desai Anand , Pallat Sabine , Yang Qin , Rojas-Rodriguez Raziel , Ziegler Rachel , Skritakis Pantos , Joyce Shannon , Zhong Denise , Nguyen Tammy , Corvera Silvia
Published: September 2022

Mechanisms that control ‘beige/brite’ thermogenic adipose tissue development may be harnessed to improve human metabolic health. To define these mechanisms, we developed a species-hybrid model in which human mesenchymal progenitor cells were used to develop white or thermogenic/beige adipose tissue in mice. The hybrid adipose tissue developed distinctive features of human adipose tissue, such as larger adipocyte size, despite its neurovascular architecture being entirely of murine origin. Thermogenic adipose tissue recruited a denser, qualitatively distinct vascular network, differing in genes mapping to circadian rhythm pathways, and denser sympathetic innervation. The enhanced thermogenic neurovascular network was associated with human adipocyte expression of THBS4, TNC, NTRK3, and SPARCL1, which enhance neurogenesis, and decreased expression of MAOA and ACHE, which control neurotransmitter tone. Systemic inhibition of MAOA, which is present in human but absent in mouse adipocytes, induced browning of human but not mouse adipose tissue, revealing the physiological relevance of this pathway. Our results reveal species-specific cell type dependencies controlling the development of thermogenic adipose tissue and point to human adipocyte MAOA as a potential target for metabolic disease therapy.
Transcriptomic analysis and physiological characteristics of exogenous naphthylacetic acid application to regulate the healing process of oriental melon grafted onto squash
Authors: Xu Chuanqiang , Wu Fang , Guo Jieying , Hou Shuan , Wu Xiaofang , Xin Ying
Published: September 2022

The plant graft healing process is an intricate development influenced by numerous endogenous and environmental factors. This process involves the histological changes, physiological and biochemical reactions, signal transduction, and hormone exchanges in the grafting junction. Studies have shown that applying exogenous plant growth regulators can effectively promote the graft healing process and improve the quality of grafted plantlets. However, the physiological and molecular mechanism of graft healing formation remains unclear. In our present study, transcriptome changes in the melon and cucurbita genomes were analyzed between control and NAA treatment, and we provided the first view of complex networks to regulate graft healing under exogenous NAA application. The results showed that the exogenous NAA application could accelerate the graft healing process of oriental melon scion grafted onto squash rootstock through histological observation, increase the SOD, POD, PAL, and PPO activities during graft union development and enhance the contents of IAA, GA3, and ZR except for the IL stage. The DEGs were identified in the plant hormone signal-transduction, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and phenylalanine metabolism through transcriptome analysis of CKvs.NAA at the IL, CA, and VB stage by KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. Moreover, the exogenous NAA application significantly promoted the expression of genes involved in the hormone signal-transduction pathway, ROS scavenging system, and vascular bundle formation.
Correlation and agreement of regional cerebral oxygen saturation measured from sensor sites at frontal and temporal areas in adult patients undergoing cardiovascular anesthesia
Authors: Tribuddharat Sirirat , Ngamsaengsirisup Kriangsak , Mahothorn Phatcharakamon , Sathitkarnmanee Thepakorn
Published: September 2022

Background

The function and viability of the brain depend on adequate oxygen supply. A decrease in cerebral blood supply causing cerebral desaturation may lead to many neurological complications. Direct measurement of regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rScO2) assists in early detection and management. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been introduced for measuring rScO2. A pair of sensors are attached to the right and left forehead. However, there are some situations where the forehead of the patient is not accessible for sensor attachment (e.g., neurosurgery involving the frontal area; a bispectral index (BIS) sensor already attached, or a wound to the forehead); therefore, alternate sites for sensor attachment are required. The temporal area was proposed as an alternate site. The objective of this study was to assess the correlation and agreement of rScO2 measured at the forehead vs. the temporal area.

Methods

Adult patients undergoing cardiothoracic or vascular surgery were monitored for rScO2 using two pairs of ForeSight sensors. The first pair (A1 and A2) were attached to the right and left forehead, while the second pair (B1 and B2) were attached to the right and left temporal area. The rScO2 values measured from A1 vs. B1 and A2 vs. B2 were assessed for correlation and agreement using the Bland-Altman analysis.

Results

Data from 19 patients with 14,364 sets of data were analyzed. The data from A1 vs. B1 and A2 vs. B2 showed moderate positive correlation (r = 0.627; P < 0.0001 and r = 0.548; P < 0.0001). The biases of A1 vs. B1 and A2 vs. B2 were −2.3% (95% CI [−2.5 to −2.2]; P < 0.0001) and 0.7% (95% CI [0.6–0.8]; P < 0.0001). The lower and upper limits of agreement of A1 vs. B1 were −17.5% (95% CI [−17.7 to −17.3]) and 12.8% (95% CI [12.6–13.0]). The lower and upper limits of agreement of A2 vs. B2 were −14.6% (95% CI [−14.8 to −14.4]) and 16.0% (95% [CI 15.8–16.3]).

Conclusions

The rScO2 values measured from sensors at the frontal and temporal areas show a moderate correlation with sufficiently good agreement. The temporal area may be an alternative to the frontal area for cerebral oximetry monitoring.
Cancer, platelet distribution width, and total protein levels as predictors of rebleeding in upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: Tatlıparmak Ali Cankut , Dikme Özlem , Dikme Özgür , Topaçoğlu Hakan
Published: September 2022

Background

Rebleeding is associated with poor outcomes in upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). Identifying predictors of rebleeding can assist in risk assessment. The aim of the study is to investigate the factors affecting rebleeding in patients with UGIB admitted to the emergency department.

Methods

This retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with UGIB presented to the emergency department. Patients who did not arrest in the first 24 h, who were not diagnosed with GI malignancy, and who were clinically diagnosed with UGIB were included in the study. Patient demographic characteristics, hemodynamic parameters, patient parameters, and bleeding that may affect rebleeding were evaluated. The primary endpoint was rebleeding within 7 days.

Results

The study included 371 patients. A total of 55 patients (14.8%) had rebleeding within 7 days, and 62 patients (16.7%) presented without bleeding manifestations. Rebleeding rates were higher in those who presented with bloody or coffee-ground vomitus, had a diagnosis of cancer, had blood in their nasogastric tube, and had peptic ulcers due to endoscopy. Mean cell hemoglobin concentration, lymphocyte, albumin, and total protein values of patients with rebleeding were low; red blood cell distribution width, neutrophil count, platelet distribution width (PDW), and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio were high. In-hospital mortality and 30-day mortality values of patients with rebleeding were significantly increased. In the multivariate analysis, cancer, PDW, and total protein levels were statistically significant.

Conclusion

The presence of cancer, low total protein level, and high PDW are effective parameters in predicting 7-day rebleeding in patients with UGIB admitted to the emergency department.
USE AND AWARENESS OF EMERGENCY HORMONAL CONTRACEPTION IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Authors:   Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia. Villavicencio (Colombia), García Balaguera Cesar , Remisio Piñeros Heidy ,   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVE: To understand the use and awareness of EHC among university students. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional descriptive observational study with a quantitative approach was conducted with a random sample of university students from Villavicencio using a self-administered survey. A description of the variables was performed, followed by a multinomial regression to evaluate possible associations with the non-use of HEC, obtaining OR. RESULTS: A total of 273 students were surveyed, out of whom 95.97% stated that they were aware of emergency hormonal contraception (EHC) and 4.03% were unaware. 59.34% students had previously used EHC, whereas 40.66% had not. On evaluation of the respondents’ knowledge regarding EHC, it was found that 135 students (49.45%) possessed an acceptable level of knowledge of EHC, whereas 138 students (50.55%) did not pass the evaluation and possessed a very low level of knowledge regarding EHC. It is suggested in the results that there is more predisposition to the use of the EHC method in women (OR 1.89 CI 1.15-3.09, p=0.00009), and in those who have received counseling on contraception (OR 3.09 CI 1.88-5.07, p= 0.0000016. CONCLUSION: The results of the survey suggest that the existing education and communication strategies regarding sexuality and contraceptive use for adolescents and young adults should be rethought.
ANÁLISIS DEL PASE DE GUARDIA DE ESTUDIANTES DE ENFERMERÍA CON LA ESCALA I-PASS
Authors:   Escuela de Enfermería, Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires (Argentina), Maluenda Martinez María , Cerrotta Margarita ,   Escuela de Enfermería, Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires (Argentina), Champonois Paula ,   Escuela de Enfermería, Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires (Argentina), Fabro Romina ,   Escuela de Enfermería, Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires (Argentina), Brunelli Victoria ,   Escuela de Enfermería, Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires (Argentina)
Published: September 2022

OBJETIVO: El objetivo de este estudio es describir las características del pase de guardia de los alumnos de enfermería en sus prácticas hospitalarias. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal de pases de guardia registrados en una base de datos secundaria. Los pases de guardia documentados fueron llevados a cabo por alumnos de enfermería durante sus prácticas hospitalarias en 5 hospitales públicos y privados de Argentina. La base de datos incluye las dimensiones de la escala I-PASS para evaluar la completitud del pase. RESULTADOS: Se analizaron 452 pases de guardia; a) Tiempo promedio de 2,1 minutos, b) Completitud: 33 (7%) pases fueron completos, c) Seguridad del paciente: en 308 (72%) pases mencionaron la medicación del paciente, en 111 (27%) la identificación inequívoca del paciente, en 95 (21%) las alergias, en 93 (21%) las medidas sobre la prevención de caídas y en 68 (15%) el aislamiento; d) Forma en que se realizó el pase: 444 (100%) fueron verbales, 277 (62%) sucedieron en el pasillo, 152 (34%) en el office de enfermería y 5 (1%) en la cama, e) Interrupciones: el 74% de las interrupciones fueron producidas por personal de enfermería. CONCLUSIONES: Los resultados arrojan un alto porcentaje de pases de guardia incompletos, siendo el nombre y apellido del paciente, junto con el motivo de ingreso, constantes vitales y aspectos relacionados con la medicación los que estuvieron presentes en la mayoría de los pases. Es necesario integrar el aprendizaje de habilidades comunicacionales del pase de guardia en la carrera de Enfermería.
CONOCIMIENTOS Y CREENCIAS SOBRE ASPECTOS DE SALUD SEXUAL EN ADOLESCENTES DE UNA COMUNIDAD DE QUERÉTARO, MÉXICO
Authors:   Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro (México), Gutiérrez Corona Miriam Valeria , Jiménez Mejía Andrea ,   Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro (México), León Ponce Giovanna Berenice ,   Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro (México), Juárez Nilo Sarket Gizeh ,   Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro (México), Martínez Díaz Adriana ,   Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro (México), Rico Sánchez René ,   Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro (México), Gallegos Torres Ruth Magdalena ,   Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro (México)
Published: September 2022

INTRODUCCIÓN. La adolescencia es una etapa en que la mayoría de este grupo etario inicia con su vida sexual, por ende, el problema en los adolescentes no es que sean sexualmente activos a temprana edad, sino que no cuentan con la preparación y orientación para una conducta sexual responsable, a consecuencia de ello se presentan conductas y factores de riesgo. OBJETIVO. Identificar los conocimientos y creencias sobre infecciones de transmisión sexual y embarazos no planificados en adolescentes de una comunidad rural de Querétaro. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS. Investigación transversal descriptiva, realizada a 63 adolescentes. Se aplicó un cuestionario que consta de 86 preguntas divididas en cuatro secciones que abarcan: datos sociodemográficos, conocimientos sobre las infecciones de transmisión sexual, creencias y antecedentes de salud sexual. Se consideraron aspectos éticos en la investigación en humanos. RESULTADOS. 52,4% fueron del género femenino. Con respecto al nivel de conocimientos, 79,4% contestó erróneamente las preguntas planteadas. En relación a las creencias, llaman la atención afirmaciones como que la sexualidad fue creada para la reproducción, que todas las parejas deben tener hijos, efectos erróneos de los anticonceptivos, que el deber de la mujer es ser madre, entre otros aspectos. CONCLUSIONES. Es necesario reforzar el papel educativo del personal de enfermería en la educación sexual de los adolescentes en las zonas comunitarias.
TÍTERES ONLINE PARA PROMOVER LA SALUD FAMILIAR EN PANDEMIA: ALCANCE GLOBAL DE UNA INNOVACIÓN EN ENFERMERÍA
Authors:   Departamento de Ciencias de la Enfermería, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción (Chile), Pinilla Hormazábal Paola , Álvarez Mabán Erik Mauricio ,   Departamento de Ciencias de la Enfermería, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción (Chile), Carrasco Dájer Claudia Marisol ,   Departamento de Ciencias de la Enfermería, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción (Chile). Universidad Andres Bello, Programa de Doctorado en Educación y Sociedad, Facultad de Educación y Ciencias Sociales, Santiago (Chile)
Published: September 2022

El contexto global de la pandemia por coronavirus demandó un número creciente de enfermeras para cubrir las necesidades en el ámbito asistencial. También exigió abarcar sus otros roles, como el de educación y promoción de la salud en una población que requería ser empoderada en su autocuidado. Académicos de Enfermería con experiencia usando títeres en educación sanitaria, diseñaron un programa de obras online con el propósito de promover la salud de las familias reunidas, prevenir el COVID-19 y difundir el rol de Enfermería, apoyados por la Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción (Chile), Colegio de Enfermeras de Chile y Servicio de Salud Talcahuano (Chile). Los procedimientos básicos, consistieron en escribir y transmitir 14 obras originales, las que fueron visualizadas por público familiar de cinco continentes; en vivo y en su versión grabada, con cobertura de medios nacionales e internacionales. Durante el proceso el equipo debió sortear diversas limitaciones relacionadas con el confinamiento y el manejo de la tecnología para generar el streaming. Los principales hallazgos destacaron más de 27.000 reproducciones y 4000 comentarios. El público consultado consideró positivo el mensaje de las obras y que la universidad transmita conocimiento usando títeres. La experiencia se presentó en eventos académicos y artísticos. Se concluye que los títeres permiten educar en salud de forma entretenida y permiten captar la atención del público de todas las edades. Las redes sociales facilitaron la cobertura de las obras, para una promover la salud y el rol de Enfermería sin fronteras.
Cost‐Effectiveness of Telehealth‐Delivered Exercise and Dietary Weight Loss Programs for Knee Osteoarthritis Within a Twelve‐Month Randomized Trial
Authors: Harris Anthony , Hinman Rana S. , Lawford Belinda J. , Egerton Thorlene , Keating Catherine , Brown Courtney , Metcalf Ben , Spiers Libby , Sumithran Priya , Quicke Jonathan G. , Bennell Kim L.
Published: September 2022

Objective

To evaluate the cost‐effectiveness of telehealth‐delivered exercise and diet‐plus‐exercise programs within 12 months.

Methods

An economic evaluation within a 12‐month, 3‐arm, parallel randomized trial of two 6‐month telehealth‐delivered exercise programs, with and without a dietary component. A total of 415 people with knee osteoarthritis ages 45–80 years and body mass index of 28–40 kg/m2 were assigned to 1 of 2 telehealth‐delivered exercise programs, 1 without (n = 172) and 1 with (n = 175) a dietary component (ketogenic very low calorie diet), or to an education control (n = 67), for 6 months, with 6 months follow‐up. The primary economic outcomes were quality‐adjusted life years (QALYs) and health system costs. Measured costs were the direct intervention (consultations, equipment/resources, and meal replacements) and health care use in 2020 Australian dollars ($AU1.5 = $US1). Secondary analysis included weight loss and work productivity gains.

Results

The clinical trial demonstrated greater improvements in pain and function compared to information only for individuals with knee osteoarthritis and overweight/obesity. We can be 88% confident that diet plus exercise is cost effective ($45,500 per QALY), 53% confident that exercise is cost‐effective ($67,600 per QALY) compared to the control, and 86% confident that augmenting exercise with the diet program is cost effective ($21,100 per QALY).

Conclusion

Telehealth‐delivered programs targeting exercise with dietary intervention for people with knee osteoarthritis who have overweight/obesity are likely to be cost‐effective, particularly if potential long‐term gains from weight loss and work productivity are realized.
Programmable Synthesis of Biobased Materials Using Cell‐Free Systems
Authors: Choi Yun‐Nam , Cho Namjin , Lee Kanghun , Gwon Da‐ae , Lee Jeong Wook , Lee Joongoo
Published: September 2022

Motivated by the intricate mechanisms underlying biomolecule syntheses in cells that chemistry is currently unable to mimic, researchers have harnessed biological systems for manufacturing novel materials. Cell‐free systems (CFSs) utilizing the bioactivity of transcriptional and translational machineries in vitro are excellent tools that allow supplementation of exogenous materials for production of innovative materials beyond the capability of natural biological systems. Herein, recent studies that have advanced the ability to expand the scope of biobased materials using CFS are summarized and approaches enabling the production of high‐value materials, prototyping of genetic parts and modules, and biofunctionalization are discussed. By extending the reach of chemical and enzymatic reactions complementary to cellular materials, CFSs provide new opportunities at the interface of materials science and synthetic biology.
Investigating Adsorption of Cellulose Nanocrystals at Air–Liquid and Solid–Liquid Interfaces in the Presence of Hydrotropes
Authors: Turpin Geosmin A. , Nelson Andrew , Holt Stephen A. , Giles Luke W. , Milogrodzka Izabela , Teo Boon M. , Raghuwanshi Vikram S. , Horn Roger G. , van 't Hag Leonie , Tabor Rico F.
Published: September 2022

Coating a substrate with anisotropic nanoparticles such as cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) confers some of their desirable physicochemical properties, such as strength, wettability, and barrier properties. The formation of monolayer coatings of CNCs via dip coating is affected by the enrichment of CNCs at both air–liquid and substrate–liquid interfaces. In this work, a surfactant‐free method for dip coating CNCs is presented through use of the hydrotrope tetraethylammonium chloride. Hydrotropes demonstrate a different mechanism for facilitating interfacial enrichment, adsorbing to CNCs and rendering them weakly hydrophobic, causing them to adsorb to both solid–liquid and air–liquid interfaces without affecting the surface tension of the system. This new coating mechanism may be more robust as adsorption onto the substrate from the bulk dispersion is less sensitive to the air–liquid interface. Adsorption at the solid–liquid interface showed two distinct CNC layers, with a tightly bound, close‐packed CNC layer at the interface, and a loosely associated outer layer. Adsorption of both layers is shown to be fully reversible after washing with ultra pure water, highlighting the potential of hydrotropes for facilitating new coating mechanisms.
Advances in Processing Kinetics for All‐Inorganic Halide Perovskite: Towards Efficient and Thermodynamic Stable Solar Cells
Authors: Singh Anupriya , Satapathi Soumitra
Published: September 2022

The all‐inorganic CsPbX3 (X—Cl, Br, I) perovskite has the potential to solve the practical issues of environmental instability due to the presence of hygroscopic organic cations in the hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites. The promising CsPbX3 perovskite exists in different crystallographic phases depending upon the composition and processing conditions which potentially impact the film morphology, device efficiency, and stability. Stabilizing the black metastable phase at room temperature has substantially solved the problem of high crystallization temperature, which is the main roadblock in managing the control over morphology and also the choice of the underlying charge transporting layers. Despite this progress, most of the works have not mentioned all the signatures of the metastable lower temperature black phase. In this focused review, the difference between the processing conditions to achieve different phases of not only the CsPbI3 but also the other halogen counterparts is analyzed. Additionally, progress done for each combination of halides is presented and the best processing conditions for each combination of halides are summarized. Finally, their photophysical properties are analyzed and the current state of inorganic perovskites in solar cell applications is presented, and a roadmap is put forward for all inorganic CsPbX3 perovskite‐based commercial photovoltaics devices.
Tailoring intrinsic hydrophobicity and surface energy on rough surface via low‐T Cassie–Wenzel wetting transition method
Authors: Huang Fei , Motealleh Behrooz , Wang Donghui , Cornelius Chris J.
Published: September 2022

Wettability is an important parameter of micro/nanostructured composites. The measurement of apparent contact angle is strongly affected by surface roughness, which induces some challenges to study the intrinsic hydrophobicity correlating to the nature of chemistry. Carbon‐Nafion composites exhibited about 30° decrease in apparent contact angle from 30 to 10°C due to the condensation of water vapor into cavities, suggesting a significant Cassie–Wenzel wetting transition phenomenon. The focus of this work has been on the first‐time use of a low‐T Cassie–Wenzel wetting transition method to evaluate Young's (ideal) contact angle and surface free energy. A maximum Young's contact angle (113°) and minimum total surface energy (12 mJ/m2) were determined at Nafion content of 70 wt%, indicating the orientation effect that sulfonate groups in Nafion preferentially pointed toward polar carbon. This approach provided the reasonable prediction of intrinsic hydrophobicity, especially when a rough solid surface is not easily wetted by liquids.
Use of Advanced Materials and Artificial Intelligence in Electromyography Signal Detection and Interpretation
Authors: Gao Shuo , Gong Jing , Chen Bofei , Zhang Bozhou , Luo Fengrong , Yerabakan Mustafa O. , Pan Yu , Hu Boyi
Published: September 2022

Electromyography (EMG) is an integral part of many biomedical and healthcare applications. It has been used as a metric for tracking rehabilitation progress and identifying diseases that affect muscle activation patterns. Although it is widely used in many disciplines, conventional EMG recording and interpretation techniques lack in providing precise signal detection and robust classification accuracy. In recent years, thanks to advances in both material science and artificial intelligence, EMG detection techniques are improving at a rapid pace. Materials that allow for enhanced biocompatibility have improved the quality of data recorded by electrodes. The use of machine learning algorithms has paved new ways to understand complex EMG signals, triggering diverse, novel, and improved application scenarios within the healthcare framework. To help readers establish a clear picture of the two most important components in EMG technology, i.e., electrodes and algorithms, while catching up with the latest research outcomes, this review article is composed. The article starts by introducing conventional EMG electrode materials and architectures, then explains how state‐of‐the‐art works have improved electrode utilization. Subsequently, EMG signal conditioning and interpretation algorithms are investigated. Finally, current challenges in the research domain and authors’ perspectives are discussed.
Base‐catalyzed Sulfurative Condensation of 2‐Oxoindoles to Isoindigos Using Elemental Sulfur
Authors: Chen Wei , Lu Xiao‐Bing , Zhou Hui
Published: September 2022

Herein, the base‐catalyzed formation of isoindigos is described through the cascade reaction of 2‐oxoindoles with elemental sulfur (S8) serving as an environmentally friendly and cheap sulfurating reagent. Readily available organic amines, especially 1,4‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO), exhibit excellent activity for this protocol, thus simply and efficiently providing structurally diverse isoindigos in moderate to high yields with a broad substrate scope. A plausible mechanism involving the generation of 3‐thioisatin intermediates and the subsequent self‐condensation, was proposed on the basis of mechanistic studies. The practicality of the methodology was further demonstrated by the synthesis of gram‐scalable drug molecules and value‐added spirothiopyrans.
Inorganic Bases Enhanced Organocatalysis for Aerobic α‐Hydroxylation of Aliphatic Cycloketones
Authors: Wang Yongtao , Sun Wenjing , Lu Rui , Wen Zeyu , Yao Jia , Li Haoran
Published: September 2022

Due to the lack of approach for aerobic α‐hydroxylation of the inert α‐C(sp3)‐H in aliphatic cycloketones, here we attempt to activate it by the combination of 1,5,7‐triazabicyclo [4.4.0] dec‐5‐ene with inorganic bases at controlled basicity. Via kinetic experiments, the role of weak inorganic bases was unveiled to protect TBD from the keto acid byproducts. Furthermore, by the investigation of substrate scope and DFT calculations, we revealed that the alkyl‐substitution induced ring strain release in cycloketones dominated both the reactivity and selectivity. We assume these findings could benefit the synthesis route designs and method developments for inert C−H oxidations.
A multiplicity of identities: The intersections of cranial vault modification, paleodiet, and sex in San Pedro de Atacama, Chile
Authors: Torres Christina M. , Knudson Kelly J. , Pestle William J.
Published: September 2022

Objectives

Intentional cranial modification and diet serve as markers of identity. Here, we explore the intersection between the body and social persona in the San Pedro oases through the complex relationship(s) between these markers and other aspects of society and the individual.

Methods

Skeletal remains of 1190 individuals were analyzed for evidence of intentional head shaping and classed as unmodified, tabular, or annular. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analyses of bone (n = 203) focused on the contribution of C3plants, C4/CAM plants, beans, and terrestrial animal meat per the Bayesian model, FRUITS. Strontium isotope data from dental enamel was considered for more detailed analyses.

Results

Cranial modification was present in 520 individuals (43.7%;N = 1190). Modification was significantly more common among females (χ2 = 7.403,p = 0.007). There was no significant difference in presence or type between periods. Average values for the four modeled food groupings differ significantly. There is a significant difference in consumption of C4/CAM plants by those individuals with modified heads consuming more (26.5 ± 9.9% vs. 23.6 ± 9.4%, Wilcoxon signed‐rank test,p < 0.05). In the Middle Period sample, males consume significantly more C4/CAM plants (p < 0.05) and females more C3plants (p < 0.01). Four of those with outlier C4values were analyzed for strontium, yielding values outside the “local” range.

Conclusions

As head shaping is permanently imposed in infancy while dietary patterns are the consequence of ongoing choices and constraints in the social and ecological environment, these markers of identity are not parallel. The numerous points of intersection between these markers and other aspects of identity are highlighted.
Wide‐ranging migration and destination of early olfactory placode‐derived neurons in chick embryos
Authors: Miyakawa Momoko , Murakmai Shizuko , Uchiyama Yasuo
Published: September 2022

Cell migration from the olfactory placode (OP) is a well‐known phenomenon wherein various cell types, such as gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH)‐producing neurons, migrate toward the telencephalon (TEL) during early embryonic development. However, the spatial relationship between early migratory cells and the forebrain is unclear. We examined the early development of whole‐mount chick embryos to observe the three‐dimensional spatial relationship among OP‐derived migratory neurons, olfactory nerve (ON), and TEL. Migratory neurons that express highly polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA‐NCAM) emerge from the OP and spread over a relatively wide TEL area at the Hamburger and Hamilton (HH) stage 17. Most migratory neurons form a cellular cord between the olfactory pit and rostral TEL within HH18–20. The earliest axons from the olfactory epithelium (OE) were detected along this neuronal cord using DiI‐labeling at HH21. Furthermore, a few PSA‐NCAM‐positive neurons were dispersed around the cellular cord and over the lateral TEL at HH18. A long cellular cord branch extending to the lateral TEL was transiently observed within HH18–24. These results suggest a novel migratory route of OP‐derived neurons during the early developmental stages. Following GFP vector introduction into the OP of HH13–15 embryos, labeled neurons were detected around and within the lateral TEL at HH23 and HH27. At HH36, labeled cells were observed in the rostral‐lateral TEL, including the olfactory bulb (OB) region. GFP‐labeled and calretinin‐positive neurons were detected in the OB, suggesting that early OP‐derived neurons enter the forebrain and function as interneurons in the OB.