bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neighborhood Councils as A Local Participation Practice: The Case of France
Authors: ÇETİNTÜRK Veli Ercan , GÜNAL Vehbi Alpay
Published: October 2023

In local governments, which are accepted as the cradle of democracy, the different needs and different solutions of different local units, the fact that the compatriots are affected by administrative decisions rather than political ones, has led to the need for active participation of the compatriots in the decisions of local governments and has led to the emergence of several methods and practices related to administrative participation. Neighborhood councils are one of the practices that ensure the active participation of citizens in the social life created in 2002, by the Law of "Démocratie de Proximité" (proximity democracy) in France. The aim of this study is to examine and describe the neighborhood councils, one of the participation tools that enable its citizens to participate actively in community life. The quantitative analysis method was used as the research method in the study, and in this context, a literature review and document analysis were used. In the first part of the study, a conceptual framework was created over the concepts of neighborhood and participation and examples of neighborhood participation in the world were presented. Then, the decentralization reforms carried out in France since 1982 and the arrangements made to increase local participation in these reforms were examined. In the second part of the study, the tools of local participation and local democracy in France were examined, and then the neighborhood councils formed by the "Proximity Democracy" law created in 2002 were evaluated.
Morphological and ultrastructural description of Nematopsis spisula sp. nov. (Apicomplexa) inhabiting Spisula solida (Bivalvia) on the Portuguese Atlantic coast
Authors: Azevedo Carlos , Rocha Sónia , Casal Graça
Published: October 2023

This study describes the morphology and ultrastructure of the oocysts of a new species of the genus Nematopsis infecting different organs of the surf clam Spisula solida (Linnaeus, 1758) (Mollusca, Bivalvia) on the Portuguese Atlantic coast. Each oocyst [14.3 (SD 0.2)
μm long and 10.3 (SD 0.3) μm wide] contains a single uninucleate vermiform sporozoite. Single and grouped oocysts enveloped by a parasitophorous vacuole occur enclosed within host phagocytes externally, surrounded by a complex reticular ring-like structure formed by juxtaposed and parallel
cysterns containing numerous small electron dense masses regularly distributed in their lumen. More advanced stages of infection show phagocytic degradation characterized by cytoplasmic vacuolarization and rupture of the parasitophorous vacuole membrane. Morphological and ultrastructural observations
combined with host reaction specificity supports the erection of a new species, namely Nematopsis spisula sp. nov.
REVIEW: SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN DENGAN METODE SAW (SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGHTING) UNTUK SELEKSI SUPPLIER PADA RUMAH MAKAN
Authors: Yulaikha Mar’atullatifah  , Nimas Ratna Sari
Published: October 2023

SPK dirancang untuk memfasilitasi penentuan supplier yang sesuai kebutuhan dan kriteria perusahaan. Melalui SPK, informasi yang dihasilkan berguna bagi manajer dalam mengambil keputusan. 100 contoh jurnal dari internet dan studi pustaka yang mengkaji masalah seleksi supplier, ditemukan banyak metode SAW (Simple Additive Weighting) yang digunakan dibandingkan dengan metode lainnya. Review ini menjelaskan hasil penelitian terbaru tentang penggunakan SPK dan metode SAW dalam pemilihan supplier ataupun pendukung keputusan dalam banyak bidang lainnya.. Rumah makan XYZ dengan adanya SPK menggunakan SAW, manajer terbantu untuk memilih supliyer yang layak dan tepat. Untuk metode literature review, artikel dipilih berdasarkan kriteria inklusi: studi dengan menggunakan SPK pemilihan supplier dengan metode SAW di berbagai studi kasus, dipublikasikan pada tahun 2013-2022, ditemukan 5 artikel yang dilakukan sintesis secara naratif berdasarkan kriteria inklusi. Terbukti bahwa SPK dengan metode SAW lebih efektif dan efisien.
EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN DOSIS KAPUR DAN PAC (POLY ALUMINIUM CLORIDE) DALAM PENJERNIHAN AIR SUMUR GALI DI KELURAHAN LALOLARA KECAMATAN KAMBU KOTA KENDARI
Authors: Indra Purnama Iqbah  , Ririn Teguh Ardiansyah  , Feni
Published: October 2023

Air dikatakan keruh, apabila air tersebut mengandung banyak partikel bahan yang tersuspensi sehingga memberikan warna/ rupa. Berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan uji laboratorium didapatkan angka kekeruhan air sumur gali di Kelurahan Lalolara Kecamatan Kambu sebesar 56 NTU hal ini tidak sesuai dengan PERMENKES No 32 tahun 2017. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan efektifitas penambahan dosis  kapur dan PAC dalam menjernihkan air sumur gali di Kelurahan Lalolara Kecamatan Kambu Kota Kendari dengan metode jar test. Variasi dosis sebesar 5-20 gr/L. Uji statistik menggunakan Uji-T dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian didapatkan dengan penambahan kapur dan PAC dihasilkan rata-rata penurunan berturut-turut : P1 (5 gr dosis  kapur dan PAC) 42,81 NTU, P2 (10 gr dosis kapur dan PAC) 29,16 NTU, P3 (15 gr dosis kapur dan PAC) 25,79 NTU, P4 (20 gr dosis kapur dan PAC) 11,42 NTU sedangkan persentase penurunannya berturut-turut sebesar 25,33 %, 47,39%, 53,94%, 79,60%. ). Efektifitas terbesar dosis koagulan kapur dan PAC adalah 20 gr/L dengan nilai thitung > ttabel (12,835 > 2,920) yang berarti H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima artinya penggunaan dosis kapur dan PAC (Poly Aluminium Cloride) efektif dalam menjernihkan air sumur gali. Efektifitas terbesar dosis koagulan kapur dan PAC adalah 20 gr/L.
THE PIONEERING IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE FINANCIAL ECONOMY
Authors: DURAN Selman
Published: October 2023

Extraordinary situations that suddenly and severely disrupt the flow of normal periods have more or less positive or negative consequences in many areas, from the area of origin to the environment. They can be caused by man-made issues such as terrorism, international trade wars, international economic integration, as well as natural events such as earthquakes and climate change. The Covid-19 pandemic that humanity is experiencing on a global scale can also be considered as a natural event due to its general structure, although there are serious doubts that it is a laboratory production. Unlike other unusual situations, pandemics are not among the situations that humanity experiences frequently, so new and comprehensive studies are needed to control and manage their effects and consequences. The aim of this study is to determine the state of the financial markets during the pandemic and to reveal the short-term effects of the pandemic on this area. Money and capital market instruments for this period are analysed using data from widely recognised international financial institutions. Despite all the measures taken, it was found that there were serious fluctuations in the financial markets in the early stages of the pandemic and that these fluctuations will continue to have an impact in the short and medium term. In the long term, the pandemic is expected to have a significant impact, especially on developing countries with high external financing needs, such as Turkey.
Культурна спадщина та національна безпека
Authors:   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень, Потапенко В. , Тищенко Ю. ,   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень, Каплан Ю. ,   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень, Бакальчук В. ,   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень, Литвиненко О. ,   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень, Михайлова О. ,   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень
Published: October 2023

В аналітичній доповіді питання захисту та збереження культурної спадщини України розглянуто як складник забезпечення національної безпеки української держави. Матеріальні та нематеріальні культурні цінності є однією з ключових основ дальшого процесу єднання, консолідації українського суспільства та формування спільної національної історичної пам’яті, зокрема щодо російсько-української війни. Розглянуто підходи ЄС, НАТО, ООН до пріоритетів політики захисту культурної спадщини та, відповідно, напрями для української держави в політиці захисту матеріальних і нематеріальних цінностей у контексті європейської, євроатлантичної інтеграції. Наголошено на проблемах захисту культурної спадщини України під час російсько-української війни: основних порушеннях з боку Росії та окупаційної влади; притягненні в майбутньому до відповідальності РФ та російських військових за воєнні злочини – знищення, незаконне вивезення культурних цінностей. Аналітична доповідь є актуальною для державних службовців, працівників правоохоронних органів та органів безпеки, правозахисників, експертів у сфері культури, представників громадянського суспільства, що опікуються питаннями захисту культурної спадщини під час російсько-української війни.
Prudence, Happiness and Wisdom in Kant's Moral Philosophy: the case in the Groundwork
Authors: Klaudat André
Published: October 2023

A felicidade, para Kant, é um "ideal" da imaginação, não é um objeto da razão. é, ao invés, a satisfação de um "todo absoluto" das nossas inclinações de acordo com os planos de felicidade que desenvolvemos. Nessa medida, ela está vinculada à nossa natureza empírica como seres com sensibilidade. Mesmo que confinada desse modo, ela é um "fim necessário" por que pode ser atribuída universalmente a nós "de acordo com uma necessidade natural". A prudência em Kant está voltada para esse fim de todos nós. Portanto, ela parece ocupar uma posição intermediária na tipificação das racionalidades práticas: não é simplesmente instrumental, nem, de fato, moral. Neste texto, examino o "lugar sistemático" da felicidade em relação à moralidade como fruto da razão pura prática em face dessas posições. Eu argumento que a moralidade qualifica o desenvolvimento dos nossos planos para a felicidade através da noção de valor que é a dignidade, e também examino como isso repercute nas nossas concepções e buscas privadas pela felicidade através da exigência de uma sabedoria moralmente orientada que é ao mesmo tempo reforçada pela teoria moral. Eu analiso o argumento de Kant para tal posição oferecido principalmente na Fundamentação.
Re-pôr-do-sol: acerca da urgência da beleza
Authors: Lemos João
Published: October 2023

O objectivo último do nosso artigo é fazer emergir os méritos, a pertinência e até a urgência da teoria estética proposta por Kant, da sua beleza, para a nossa arte e para o nosso tempo. Para tal, depois de apresentarmos o juízo de gosto kantiano como estreitamente ligado ao prazer, ao desinteresse e à contemplação e de descrevermos a atitude de hostilidade da parte da posteridade de Kant para com uma beleza entendida como contemplação desinteressada e prazenteira, explicitaremos a relação íntima entre a caracterização do juízo de gosto como juízo estético universalmente válido a priori e o inteiro projecto kantiano e, finalmente, mergulharemos no sentido mais profundo do prazer desinteressado e contemplativo inerente à experiência estética da beleza.
Arte bela ou arte mista? Kant sobre a música
Authors: Vieira Vladimir
Published: October 2023

O objetivo do artigo consiste em examinar a posição de Kant acerca da música exposta nos parágrafos que encerram a "Analítica" da primeira parte da Crítica da faculdade do juízo, consagrada ao tratamento dos juízos estéticos. Embora a noção de forma desempenhe um papel de relevo para a possibilidade de fundamentar a pretensão de universalidade que erguemos para nossos juízos de gosto, Kant expressa-se de modo na melhor das hipóteses reticente acerca dessa arte, que ocupa a posição mais inferior na hierarquia esboçada nas passagens que tratam do tema. Argumento que a natureza desse paradoxo pode ser melhor compreendida se atentarmos para um trecho do §51 que não chamou especialmente a atenção dos comentadores onde o filósofo caracteriza a música como uma arte mista, simultaneamente bela e agradável.
Sobre o direito internacional em Kant e Rawls
Authors: Feldhaus Charles
Published: October 2023

Este estudo pretende reconstruir os principais elementos das concepções de direito internacional de Immanuel Kant e John Rawls, a fim de realizar uma comparação e um contraste entre as duas concepções. Rawls sustenta em The Law of Peoples que segue os passos de Kant em Zum ewigen Frieden ao desenvolver sua própria concepção de direito internacional. Entretanto, como será possível apontar, ambos os pensadores, embora se aproximem sob certos aspectos, em outros se distanciam radicalmente. é importante observar que este estudo não foca apenas na concepção de direito internacional apresentada em Zum ewigen Frieden, mas tenta delinear a maneira como Kant trata do direito internacional em ao menos três obras distintas com o intuito de melhor realizar o contraste e a comparação.
A antropologia póstuma de Kant: o Opus Postumum como uma obra de antropologia
Authors: Azevedo Henrique
Published: October 2023

Apesar de Kant ter iniciado sua reflexão com a crítica à metafísica sob os paradigmas da ciência, ele flexionou, nossa visão, seu pensamento, após 1793, em favor de uma antropologia. Defendemos, seguindo esta interpretação, a hipótese de que o Opus Postumum seria uma obra de viés antropológico, em vez de apenas uma passagem da filosofia transcendental à física. A tese da passagem é mais sedutora por dois motivos: primeiro, os escritos sobre esta são mais claros; segundo, Kant realmente tentou cumprir sua promessa de escrever a metafísica da natureza. No entanto, esta passagem, em nossa visão, seria um braço daquilo que Kant no Opus Postumum chama de Mundo (filosofia da natureza), sendo, por conseguinte, Deus (moral) o seu outro braço: ambos sustentados pelo Homem (Antropologia) como finalidade do sistema. Apesar de não ser possível afirmar qualquer fim para a obra de modo endógeno, é, entretanto, viável defender fins possíveis para o Opus Postumum, desde que respaldados pelos escritos dos últimos dez anos de vida de Kant. Com isso, é plausível afirmar que o Opus Postumum seria uma obra que fecharia um sistema de antropologia e responderia a pergunta "o que é o homem?"
Group B streptococcal and premature births: a narrativo review
Authors: Rosineiri Gonçalves Lopes Corrêa Cristia , De Paula Boechat Soares Vitor , Nunes Sales Diúle , Schmidt Cheaitou Mariana , Lopes de Mesquita Harleson
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Premature births are those that occur before 37 weeks of gestational age. A clinical condition that remains problematic for obstetrics, mainly because of the high neonatal mortality it causes. Although most children survive, they are at risk of increased damage to neurological development and respiratory and gastrointestinal complications. Microorganisms, such as Streptococcal agalactiae (Group B Streptococcal - GBS), have been associated with prematurity. This comprehensive review aims to present data on the association between GBS and prematurity.
Methods: Using the keywords Group B Streptococcal, prematurity, and Intrapartum antibiotic therapy, articles on the following databases were searched: PubMed, the Cochrane database of Systematic Reviews, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Lilacs/Scielo. The most relevant works were considered those published on this theme from January 1, 1973 to December 31, 2021 available on the databases consulted.
Results: Premature rupture of ovular membranes (PROM) occurs in 1% to 3% of pregnancies, being an important cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality and being associated with 30-40% of premature births. Infection caused by group B streptococcal, has been indicated as an important risk factor of premature birth, especially in patients with premature amniorrhexis of the ovular membranes.
Discussion: Preventive prophylaxis measures for pregnant women, such as intrapartum medication, to reduce the vertical transmission of invasive GBS diseases resulted in a significant decrease in early newborn disease by the pathogen. In addition, penicillin was and remains as the antimicrobial of choice due to the fact that it has a narrower microbicidal spectrum than the ampicillin, and so it reduces the likelihood of the development of bacterial resistance.
Conclusion: GBS has been associated with increased risk of preterm delivery due to premature rupture of the membrane. Also, antibiotic therapy for vaginal infection by bacteria reduced preterm birth with low weight in some populations.
A Brief Analysis of Chinese Interior Design Style
Authors: Dai Tianhao
Published: October 2023

Chinese decoration style originated from the end of the 20th century, with the continuous recovery of China's economy, a design concept began to emerge in the construction industry, the rise of sinology also makes Chinese people begin to examine things from a cultural perspective. The vigorous rise of Chinese style is attributed to it in line with the various psychological, aesthetic and times needs of Chinese people in the new era. In the modern society where European and American cultures are ubiquitous and where materialistic desires are rampant and various contradictions emerge one after another, the traditional Chinese culture has been paid attention to again due to its harmony and calm, and combined with the aesthetic needs of contemporary people, the Chinese style has gained a new life. This article intends to elaborate the origin and background of Chinese decoration style, and summarize its design principles and methods, so that Chinese style can be more flexibly applied to modern home life, be found and loved by more people, and provide a concise basis for the practice of Chinese style decoration.
Exploring the Innovation Mode of Art Education in Vocational Colleges and Universities in Inner Mongolia Region
Authors: Yan Han
Published: October 2023

At the beginning of the 21st century, art education in regional vocational colleges and universities in Inner Mongolia has been better, and the use of a variety of innovative means in the implementation of the process, but also shows its own superiority. In the rapid development of regional vocational colleges and universities art education at the same time, art education in vocational colleges and universities in Inner Mongolia has gradually diversified, cultivated talents, so that the professional knowledge of art education in vocational colleges and universities in Inner Mongolia, the level of technical level has been greatly improved, with a strong comprehensive quality, which has important practical significance and value of the reform of vocational colleges and universities art education in Inner Mongolia. In such a general environment, the art of vocational colleges and universities in Inner Mongolia region in the curriculum, teaching mode construction, and strive to innovate in teaching methods, teaching methods, and actively carry out the reform of art teaching, and improve the overall quality of graduates of vocational colleges and universities in Inner Mongolia region in the field of art from all aspects, so that they can better integrate into the society, and to lay a solid foundation for the development of the cause of art.
Exploring the Spatial Expression of New Meticulous Figure Painting
Authors: Chen Yiming
Published: October 2023

Painting space is an important component of painting in visual arts. This paper takes the spatial expression form of "New Meticulous Painting" as the starting point, first briefly expounds the concepts of "New Meticulous Figure Painting" and "Painting Space", and summarizes and refines the general presentation methods of "New Meticulous Figure Painting" on the visual screen. For example, it has the characteristics of "Surreal Atmosphere", "Grey Tone", "Weakened Lines" and "Rich in Modern Urban Elements". Secondly, I try to understand the diversity of spatial expression forms of figure painting in the context of "New Meticulous Painting", combine my own creative works with practice, and make a multi-dimensional deconstruction analysis of the composition of painting language forms of spatial expression in the visual picture of my own works, aiming at exploring the artistic concept and technique composition of painting creation, so as to give the author more ideas and possibilities for his own creation.
Research on the Design of Rural Red Culture Theme Exhibition Space based on Scene Creation
Authors: Dong Furong
Published: October 2023

Deep interpretation of situational design is the foundation for studying the display space of red culture. Based on the situational model, it is possible to design a red culture display space that meets modern requirements. The article analyzes the current development status of red culture display space design, interprets the relevant concepts of situational design, explores the relationship between situational design and red culture display space, discusses the design expression of red culture display space under situational mode, summarizes the development significance of red culture display space design under situational mode, in order to achieve better integration of modern display space and red culture under situational mode, Create a display space that is more in line with modern aesthetics.
Myth, Imagination and Digital Imaging: On the Aesthetic Expression of Nationality in Chinese Fantasy Films
Authors: Liu Peng
Published: October 2023

Chinese fantasy movies have been based on Chinese myths and legends or ancient novels about monsters since the beginning, and have mixed martial arts, kung fu, traditional opera and other folk-art forms in the form of expression. As China's digital film technology production system matures, the boundaries between national films and transnational films in Chinese fantasy films are becoming increasingly blurred. This article mainly analyzes how Chinese magic movies, driven by technology, use local cultural elements to generate images and aesthetic conceptions with national characteristics. It proposes that magic movies should create a visual style with oriental aesthetic attributes, build cultural confidence, and enhance China through image dissemination. cultural influence.
Study of Audience Emotions in Epic Cinema
Authors: Wang Wei
Published: October 2023

The purpose of epic films is not only to tell a good story, but also to let the audience have more and deeper feelings while being entertained. The audience's emotions go deeper and deeper in the process of watching the film, from pleasing the eyes to understanding the characters to triggering empathy, which also fits the three parts of Freud's theory of the structure of consciousness, and in fact is the process of the audience's consciousness going deeper and deeper into the film step by step.
From the British "willow Pattern" of Blue and White Porcelain to See the Spread of Chinese Style in the Qing Dynasty
Authors: Liu Haiying , Xie Yuting
Published: October 2023

This paper takes the example of the development of blue and white porcelain with "willow pattern" in Britain, and examines the reasons and significance of the spread of Chinese ceramics, so as to illustrate the prevalence of "Chinese style" of ceramics, Chinese ceramics have also had a profound impact on British and European aesthetics, and the Chinese style has slowly spread.
Practical Exploration of the Inheritance of Shanghai Marine Intangible Cultural Heritage Campus
Authors: Ma Feifei
Published: October 2023

The marine intangible cultural heritage of Shanghai contains unique marine history and cultural information, and has rich creative attributes and industrial development and utilization value. Starting from the marine intangible cultural heritage culture in Shanghai, this project will hold the marine intangible cultural heritage season through the university campus platform, and use this as a basis to attract more people to pay attention to the marine intangible cultural heritage culture and achieve the purpose of inheritance.
Healing in Antonin Artaud's Theatre
Authors: Yang Juan
Published: October 2023

Antonin Artaud was a distinguished French director, actor, theatre theorist and poet. Artaud's reputation in the theatre world is fundamentally due to his promotion of a series of "anti" theatre theories including, but not limited to, the "theatre of cruelty", which highlights the aesthetics of the therapeutic aspects of Artaud's theatre. The use of theatre as therapy for self-awareness and improvement of the individual's physical and mental condition is a value that has been in play since its emergence, and Artaud's influence on the development of theatre therapy is mentioned in the book Drama Therapy. It is conceivable that the healing presence of Artaud's theatre is obvious and essential. in this paper, we will take Artaud's theatre theory as the main body of discussion, and take three key words-"language, metaphysics, and cruelty" as the starting point to elaborate the healing properties of Artaud's theatre.
Strategies for Shaping the Cultural Landscape Image of Niufo Ancient Town in Zigong City
Authors: Zeng Tao
Published: October 2023

Niufo Ancient Town in Zigong City, Sichuan Province, has a rich history. Originally known as Gaoshi during the Song Dynasty, it was later named Niufo Town due to the Niufo Ferry during the early Ming Dynasty. The town has a profound cultural heritage, and its Yidu culture and spirit are indispensable spiritual legacies. This culture is an important element in the historical trajectory of the town and a significant part of Niufo's cultural identity. The landscape of Yidu plays a crucial role in shaping the image of Niufo, contributing to the town's development, beautifying the city, and enhancing the cultural taste and heritage of its residents. In the context of shaping the image of Niufo Ancient Town, Yidu landscape design should adhere to principles such as regional uniqueness, cultural integrity, and humanization.
Operational Spline Scaling Functions Method for Solving Optimal Control Problems
Authors: SHIHAB Suha , Shrooq Bahjat Smeein Shrooq , Delphi Maha
Published: October 2023

In this paper, a general expression formula for Spline Scaling Functions (SSFs) operational matrix of derivative is constructed. Then it is used to study a new iterative parameterization direct technique for treating optimal control problems approximately. Optimal control problems describe several important phenomena in mathematical science. In the present technique, an operational matrix of derivatives for such functions is constructed for resolving the optimal control problem. Since the obtained operational matrix of derivative comprises, many zeros elements, it can bring about a numerical accurate result with high reliability of achieving the desired results. An attractive product operation matrix of SSFs with other properties is also included in this work. With solving some examples, the comparison with the actual solutions shows that our algorithm is acceptable.
Ionic liquids based on metal halide complex salts and their applications in extractive desulfurization of liquid fuel: A review
Authors: Alyass Jassim M , MOHAMMED AMERA. F. , MOHAMMED ABEER. S.
Published: October 2023

In this review, different types of sulfur compounds (thiols, sulfides, benzothiophenes, etc.) present in liquid fuel can be conveted by combustion to sulphur dioxide, which is a prevailing source of environmental pollution, so many countries proposed standard S-content to lower than 10 ppm. Although, hydrocracking process produce low-sulfur content, but still needs more desulfurization, researches have done using many technologies, among that were: A: Adsorptive desulfurization (ADS), through adsorptive over such surfaces. B: Oxidative Desulfurization (ODS), using an oxidant agent to convert sulfure into form can be removed. C: Hydrodesulfurization process (HDS), which is most efficient than other methods to remove organo sulfur (aliphatic and aromatic). D: Bio desulfurization (BDS), employed microorganisms to remove sulfur atom from organic S-compounds and can be environmental friendly. E: Extractive desulfurization (EDS), is a prosses using solvent as liquid- liquid extraction. The above technologies faced some disadvenges such as nature of volatile molecular solvent coupled with limitation of loss solvent, difficult of extraction regeneration, environmental pollution and costly, as required industrial unit operation at high temperature and pressure beside the expensive of hydrogen gas and catalysts. Therefore, it has been a challenge research investigation to explore a new deep extractive desulfurization methods. Among these treatments was using ionic liquids (ILS) which composed of heterocyclic organic cation (imidazolium, pyridinium, etc.) and different inorganic anions my be applied to decrease temperature, non-toxic, chemical stability, environmental friendly as green solvent, so, (ILS) used for many applications and deep eutectic desulfurization among that. Recently, studies showed that metal contains ionic liquids for extractive sulphur removal have a high influence and ability for sulphur removal than metal free (ILS) , which may be a good solvent in separation and removal of aromatic sulphur from fuel. The Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Cu, etc. metals halides were used with organic cation to form complexes salts. The mechanism was investigated that the metal (ILS) have almost good extraction ability explained by the complexation of metal moiety with sulfur compounds.
Stock price prediction based on the long short-term memory network
Authors: Zhang Suqin
Published: October 2023

Stock analysis is a challenging task that involves modelling complex and nonlinear dynamics of stock prices and volumes. Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) is a type of recurrent neural network that can capture long-term dependencies and temporal patterns in time series data. In this paper, a stock analysis method based on LSTM is proposed that can predict future stock prices and transactions using historical data. Yfinance is used to obtain stock data of four technology companies (i.e. Apple, Google, Microsoft, and Amazon) and apply LSTM to extract features and forecast trends. Various techniques are also used such as moving average, correlation analysis, and risk assessment to evaluate the performance and risk of different stocks. When compare the method in this paper with other neural network models such as RNN and GRU, the result show that LSTM achieves better accuracy and stability in stock prediction. This paper demonstrates the effectiveness and applicability of LSTM method through experiments on real-world data sets.
In vivo anthelmintic activity of Eleusine indica extracts against gastrointestinal nematodes of goats
Authors: Gonzaga Elsa , o Tiffany , Gonzaga Loveille
Published: October 2023

Objective: The study aimed to determine the potential anthelmintic activity of the ethyl acetate extract of Eleusine indica that will result in an effective reduction in fecal egg per gram (EPG) counts in naturally infected goats compared to the commercial anthelmintic levamisole.
Materials and Methods: The experimental animals were 21 goats naturally infected with gas¬trointestinal nematodes. The goats were divided into groups that were given a single dose of E. indica extract. Five concentrations of E. indica were tested for anthelmintic activity: 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 mg extract/kg body weight. Fecal sample collection was done before treatment, during the first treatment, and every week thereafter for 28 days post-treatment (dpt). A modi¬fied McMaster technique was used to determine the EPG of feces, and the mean efficacies of the extracts were compared with those of the commercial anthelmintic levamisole.
Results: As early as 7 dpt, there was an observed reduction in the epg counts after the administration of E. indica extracts across all concentrations. Administering 500 mg of extract/kg body weight resulted in a maximum efficacy of 56.21%. However, the efficacy achieved was lower than that of levamisole (96.83%).
Conclusion: The results show that the E. indica extract can reduce the fecal EPG counts of natu¬rally infected goats, thus creating a potential natural anthelmintic that can be developed further.
Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the rhizome extract of Curcuma zedoaria extracted using some organic solvents
Authors: Budiansyah Agus , Haroen Ucop , Syafwan Syafwan , Kurniawan Kiki
Published: October 2023

Objective: This research aims to identify the effect of various organic solvents such as n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and methanol (MeOH) on the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Curcuma zedoaria extract, against three Gram-positive bacteria, namely Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae, and three Gram-negative bacteria, namely Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Materials and Methods: As much as 1 kg of white turmeric rhizome (C. zedoaria) was extracted two times for 24 h using 3 l of MeOH before evaporating. The extract was then fractionated using n-hexane six times per 2 h, with each volume of 500 ml, and continued with the EtOAc fractionation. The MeOH fraction was added to 300 ml of water before adding 400 ml of EtOAc. Once the fractionation process was complete, all fractions were concentrated using a rotary evaporator.
Results: The C. zedoria extract fractioned using MeOH produces alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, saponins, and coumarin compounds. The fractionation with EtOAc also produces alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, saponins, coumarin compounds, and triterpenoids. Meanwhile, fractionation with n-hexane only produces alkaloids and triterpenoid compounds. EtOAc and MeOH fractions had good activity in reducing free radicals produced by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), with an average IC50 value of 153.49 ± 2.66 and 185.77 ± 3.91 ppm, respectively. In contrast, the n-hexane fraction has weak antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 837.92 ± 5.32 ppm. The n-hexane fraction has better activity compared to MeOH and EtOAc. The lowest concentration required was 2,500 ppm for all types of bacteria.
Conclusion: Curcuma zedoaria extract produces alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, saponins, coumarins, and triterpenoids when fractionated with MeOH or EtOAc. Only alkaloids and triterpenoids are produced using n-hexane. EtOAc and MeOH fractions have good activity in reducing free radicals generated by DPPH, with an average IC50 value of 153.49 ± 2.66 and 185.77 ± 3.91
ppm, respectively. However, n-hexane has weak antioxidant activity, with an average IC50 value of 837.92 ± 5.32 ppm. All fractions have moderate antibacterial activity, but the extract of n-hexane from C. zedoary has better antibacterial activity compared to MeOH and EtOAc. The lowest concentration required is 2,500 ppm for all types of bacteria.
Humoral immune responses in different stages of wound healing in Black Bengal goats
Authors: Samaddar Kanika , Rahman Mohammad , Leon Md , Rana Md , Hasan Md , Haque Ziaul , Rahman Md
Published: October 2023

Objective: The current study was carried out to assess the humoral immune responses according to age at different stages of wound healing in Black Bengal goats (BBG).
Materials and Methods: Apparently, healthy BBGs (n = 20) were collected and divided into five groups based on their age: Group A (control, 3 years), Group B (3 to 5 years), Group C (2 to <3 years), Group D (1 to <2 years), and Group E (<1 year). Except for control, all BBGs were allowed to have artificial surgical wounds, and follow-up data were collected from day 0 to 21. The humoral immune responses [immunoglobulins (Igs) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)] were determined by ELISA using commercial goat ELISA kits. Statistical Product and Service Solutions (Version 20) was used to analyze the data.
Results: The normal range of immune cells in control BBGs was immunoglobulin G (IgG) (20.21 ± 0.13 mg/ml), immunoglobulin M (IgM) (2.87 ± 0.0.05 mg/ml), immunoglobulin A (IgA) (0.33 ± 0.01 mg/ml), and IL-6 (1.6 ± 0.05 pg/ml). In this experiment, higher concentrations of IgG (21.11 ± 0.20 mg/ml), IgM (2.92 ± 0.04 mg/ml), IgA (0.35 ± 0.02 mg/ml), and IL-6 (1.62 ± 0.05 pg/ml) were found in Group B BBGs, whereas the lower levels of IgG, IgM, IgA, and IL-6 were found at 17.16 ± 0.18 mg/ml, 2.12 ± 0.01 mg/ml, 0.29 ± 0.03 mg/ml, and 1.55 ± 0.05 pg/ml, respectively, in the Group E BBGs. Rapid wound healing was observed in the older groups compared to the younger groups of BBGs. The concentrations of Igs (IgG, IgM, and IgA) and IL-6 were gradually increased in all groups from day 3 (early inflammatory stage) and day 7 (late inflammatory stage), and then they decreased gradually from day 14 (proliferative stage) to reach the final stage of day 21 (remodeling stage), where the concentrations were found to be at a level comparable to their per-incisional period. No gender-related differences were detected.
Conclusion: Adult BBGs (3 to 5 years old) showed faster wound repair and stronger immune responses. This finding may assist veterinarians and researchers in considering age-related immune responses for the recovery and rapid cure of surgical wounds.
Estimation of microbial protein synthesis in the rumen of growing lambs based on the purine derivative excretions and the dietary forage-to-concentrate ratio
Authors: Mahboobi Zahra , Karimi Naser , Jahanbakhshi Abbas
Published: October 2023

Objective: Estimating microbial protein synthesis (MPS) in the rumen of growing lambs based on the urinary excretion of purine derivatives (PDs) and forage to concentrate (F/C) ratio.
Materials and Methods: 36 similar-growing male lambs (weight 32.53 ± 1.90 kg; age 93 ± 6.63 days) were used in a completely randomized design with four groups: a) the 20–80 F/C ratio (dry hay 10% + wheat straw 10%), b) the 20–80 F/C ratio (dry hay 0% + wheat straw 20%), c) the 10–90 F/C ratio (dry hay 5% + wheat straw 5%), d) and the 10–90 F/C ratio (dry hay 0% + wheat straw 10%) with nine replicates.
Results: Total PD and rumen MPS synthesized increased (10.98 vs. 13.25 mmol/day and 59.45 vs. 71.80 gm/day) in group d compared to group a. Dry organic matter intake (0.869 kg/day), fermentable dry organic matter (0.563 kg/day), and microbial nitrogen (N) yield (11.48 gm/day) of group d were at the maximum, but in terms of gN/kg dry organic matter (22.37 gm/kg), the mean of group c was higher than others.
Conclusion: Increasing the level of food concentrate and the gradual removal of alfalfa from the diet increased the excretion of PD and MPS in the rumen. It was also found that urinary PD monitoring is an accurate indicator for the estimation of MPS.
Improvement of egg internal quality of local ducks through star gooseberry leaf meal inclusion in ration
Authors: Anggraeni Anggraeni , Sudrajat Deden , Handarini Ristika , Malik Burhanudin
Published: October 2023

Objectives: The use of dried star gooseberry leaf extract (DSGLE) in rations and its effects on the egg internal quality of local ducks were examined.
Materials and Methods: A total of 100 9-month-old local ducks weighing 1,406.25 ± 211.32 gm were randomly allocated into 5 treatments and 5 replicates in a completely randomized design. The birds were reared in 25 battery cages (4 birds each) and fed rations containing 0, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0% DSGLE.
Results: Eggs of ducks fed DSGLE had significantly lower saturated fatty acid (SFA) (30.66%–32.53%) than those of control ducks (36.23%). Egg polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) increased from 2.29% (control) to 2.61% (2.0% DSGLE) and 2.76% (1.5% DSGLE), while egg monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) contents were not significantly different. The fatty acids of the whole edible part of eggs (albumen + yolk) were composed mainly of MUFA (40.19%–44.34%), followed by SFA (30.66%–36.22%), and PUFA (2.29%–2.76%). Malondialdehyde contents were reduced from 6.07 to 4.92 μg/gm (19%) in egg yolk and from 1.50 to 0.62 μg/gm (59%) in egg white, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances values of the eggs were reduced from 0.93 to 1.65 (77%). The egg cholesterol level of ducks fed 2% DSGLE (21.94 mg/gm) was about 28.5% lower than that of eggs from control ducks (30.67 mg/gm) of eggs of control ducks. The egg white and egg yolk protein contents (12.31% and 16.35%) of treated ducks were lower than those in the control group (13.58% and 17.47%).
Conclusion: The inclusion of SGLE in rations could be used to produce healthy duck eggs with no oxidative damage.
Nutrient digestibility, ruminal fermentation, and blood metabolites of growing cattle-fed fermented cassava pulp with added flavoring agents
Authors: Meenongyai Watcharawit , Wongpanit Kannika , Phongkaew Piyamas , Kaewkunya Chunjit , Juntanam Theerayut , Islam Md , Khejornsart Pichad
Published: October 2023

Objective: This study aimed to assess the effect of adding flavoring agents to fermented cassava pulp (FCPU) on nutrient utilization, ruminal fermentation characteristics, and blood metabolites in growing cattle.
Materials and Methods: A duplicated 3 × 3 Latin square design was randomly assigned to six growing beef cattle. Treatments were: 1) untreated FCPU (control), 2) 0.05% w/v vanilla-flavored FCPU, and 3) 0.05% w/v amyl acetate-flavored FCPU.
Results: The results showed that flavoring agents did not affect dry matter intake (DMI) or digestibility of nutrients. Rumen pH and ammonia nitrogen concentrations did not change all treat¬ments postfeeding. Flavoring added to FCPU after feeding did not affect total volatile fatty acid (VFA) or VFA percentage. However, propionic acid levels tended to be lower in the vanilla-flavored FCPU group than those in the unflavored FCPU group at 0 h postfeeding (p < 0.01). Growing bulls fed vanilla-flavored FCPU tended to have greater fungal zoospores in the rumen than those fed amyl acetate-flavored FCPU (p < 0.1) at 2 h after feeding. Dietary treatments did not affect blood glucose and urea nitrogen concentrations (p > 0.05). However, blood triglyceride concentration was greater for cattle fed a control diet than other treatments at 0 h postfeeding (p < 0.05) and tended to be higher than those fed vanilla-flavored FCPU at 2 h afterfeeding (p < 0.1).
Conclusion: It was suggested that adding vanilla or amyl acetate flavor to the FCPU showed no adverse effects on ruminal fermentation, blood metabolites, or nutritional digestibility; however, it did not increase DMI.
Association of the MC4R gene with growth traits and meat quality in Colombian hair sheep
Authors: Herrera Darwin , lez Diego , rez Juan
Published: October 2023

Objective: The objective of this study was to associate the 1016G > A variant of the melanocortin-4 receptor gene with lamb’s weight, growth, and meat quality in the Colombian hair sheep breed.
Materials and Methods: A total of 168 lambs, weights were measured at birth weight (BW), at weaning adjusted weaning weight (AWW), at 6 months [adjusted weight (AW180)], at slaughter adjusted slaughter weight (ASW), daily weight gain preweaning daily gain (preWDG), and postweaning daily gain (postWDG) weaning, and after slaughter, pH, texture, and cook-loss (CL) in the longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) muscle according to the American Meat Science Association methodology. The 1016G > A genotypes were obtained by sequencing. Genotypic and allele frequencies, heterozygosities, and Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) were estimated. Using a generalized linear model, the genotype and the allelic substitution effect were associated with the evaluated traits.
Results: The heterozygous genotype (0.48) and G allele (0.61) were the most frequent. Heterozygosities were similar (0.47), indicating HWE. The genotype affected the BW (p < 0.05), with a higher value for the GG genotype (2.69 kg). AWW (12.75 kg), AW180 (19.67 kg), and ASW (31.21 kg) weights and daily weight gain (preWDG = 115.41 gm; postWDG = 96.16 gm) were not associated. Average pH, Warner-Bratzler shear force, and CL were 5.75 units, 49.46 N, and 32.02%, with no genotype effect. The G > A substitution only affected BW at −388 gm (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The 1016G > A variant is polymorphic and affects the BW but not other growth traits or the meat quality of the LTL muscle.
Composting: A biosecurity measure to maximize the benefit of broilers̕ litter
Authors: Eid Samah , Hassan Heba , Atfeehy Nayera , Selim Karim , Oksh Amal
Published: October 2023

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of composting on the count of Salmonella spp., Clostridium perfringens, and New Castle virus (NDV) isolated from broilers’ litter. Moreover, to verify the impact of compost thermal stress on the expression of thermal genes harbored in the isolated bacteria.
Materials and Methods: The prevalence of enteric aerobic and anaerobic infections by Salmonella spp., C. perfringens, and viral infections by NDV were investigated in litter samples collected from 100 broiler flocks by conventional methods and polymerase chain reaction.
Results: The samples were positive for Salmonella spp., C. perfringens, and NDV, with prevalence rates of 60%, 55%, and 30%, respectively. An experiment to study the effect of compost on the microbiological quality of litter was applied using five compost heaps with an initial average count of Salmonella typhimurium (3.2 × 105CFU CFU/gm), C. perfringens (6.4 × 105 CFU/gm), and an average titer NDV (105.5 embryo infectious dose50/gm). The microbiological count of heaps after 15 days of composting revealed a reduction in the count of S. typhimurium and C. perfringens by 4 log10 CFU/gm and 3 log10 CFU/gm, respectively. Moreover, the hemagglutinating test revealed no detection of NDV after 15 days of composting. A high degree of downregulation of expression of the thermal genes, dnaK in S. typhimurium isolates and cpe gene in C. perfringens isolates, was
detected by quantitative reverse transcription PCR.
Conclusion: The reduction of pathogen counts, the simplicity, and the low cost associated with composting for only 15 days advocate the recommendation for raising awareness of composting as a routine biosecurity measure to prevent the spreading of infection and promote its safe use in agribusiness.