bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pharmacokinetics of amikacin after intravenous, intra‐articular, and combined intravenous and intra‐articular administration in healthy neonatal foals
Authors: Paegelow Jillian L. , Schoonover Mike J. , Young Jenna M. , Maxwell Lara K. , Taylor Jared D. , Gilliam Lyndi L. , Holbrook Todd C.
Published: April 2024

Background

Pharmacokinetics of amikacin administered IV to neonatal foals are described, but little data are available regarding the plasma concentrations contributed by concurrent intra‐articular (IA) administration.

Hypothesis/Objectives

Compare the pharmacokinetics of amikacin when the total dose is administered IV compared to being divided between IV and IA routes of administration in neonatal foals and predict the plasma concentrations from various combined IV and IA dosing regimens.

Animals

Eight healthy neonatal foals.

Methods

Foals received 3 amikacin treatment protocols: (1) IV‐only (25 mg/kg q24h IV), (2) concurrent IV and IA (16.7 mg/kg q24h IV and 8.3 mg/kg q24h into 1 tarsocrural joint), and (3) IA‐only (8.3 mg/kg q24h into 1 tarsocrural joint). Protocols were administered for 3 days beginning at 7, 14, and 21 days of age. Plasma concentrations ≥53 μg/mL at 30 minutes were considered therapeutic for isolates with intermediate susceptibility.

Results

Foal age was a significant variable. The IV‐only protocol met or exceeded the 30‐minute plasma concentrations considered therapeutic (mean μg/mL [95% confidence interval, CI]) in 7‐ to 9‐day‐old (54.0 [52.2‐56.9]), 14‐ to 16‐day‐old (58.1 [55.2‐61.0]), and 21‐ to 23‐day‐old (66.6 [63.7‐69.6]) foals. Concurrent IV and IA protocol did not reach the 30‐minute concentration considered therapeutic in 7‐ to 9‐day‐old foals (46.5 [43.6‐49.4]) but did in 14‐ to 16‐day‐old (62.9 [60.0‐65.8]) and 21‐to 23‐day‐old (62.6 [59.7‐65.6]) foals.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Concurrent IV and IA administration of amikacin produces 30‐minute plasma concentrations considered therapeutic in foals 14 to 23 days old, but concentrations observed in younger foals might be below those considered therapeutic for isolates with intermediate susceptibility to amikacin.
Efficacy of maxillary molar intrusion and quantification of related external apical root resorption – A comparison of two approaches
Authors: Liu Jialin , Wei Tian , Zhao Yang , Jiang Chunmiao
Published: April 2024

Objective

This retrospective single‐centre study aimed to compare the efficacy of maxillary second molar intrusion with two different approaches, miniscrew‐assisted molar intrusion and traditional segmental archwire intrusion, and to compare orthodontically induced external apical root resorption (OIERR) during intrusion between two groups via cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and Methods

A total of 40 adult patients (33.6 ± 10.3 years old) with supraerupted maxillary second molars due to the loss of antagonistic teeth were recruited, with 20 patients in each group. A segmental archwire with adjacent teeth as an anchorage was used in the control group, and 60–100 g of intrusive force was applied by using miniscrews in the experimental group to intrude the overerupted molars. Full‐volume CBCT was performed before and after intrusion, and the amount of intrusion and extent of OIERR of the overerupted molars were compared between the two groups.

Results

Supraerupted maxillary second molars could be successfully intruded in an average of 5 months. There was more intrusive movement of the buccal and palatal cusps in the mininscrew group than that in the segmental archwire group (P < .05). The intrusive amount of palatal cusp was 3.67 ± 1.13 mm in the miniscrew group and 2.38 ± 0.74 mm in the segmental archwire group. More palatal OIERR was observed in the miniscrew group (30.3 ± 11.6 mm3) than in the segmental archwire group (21.0 ± 8.66 mm3) (P = .0063). There was no significant difference in OIERR between the two groups for mesial and distal buccal roots (P > .05).

Conclusion

Miniscrews help effectively with supraerupted maxillary second molar intrusion, especially for palatal cusps. There was more OIERR in the palatal root when using miniscrews compared to the segmental archwire approach.
El ascenso de Milei en Argentina y las nuevas extremas derechas de América Latina
Authors: Bonnet Alberto
Published: April 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es reflexionar acerca de las características de las nuevas fuerzas políticas y gobiernos de extrema derecha que emergieron en América Latina tras la clausura del ciclo progresista previo (o pink tide). En el primer apartado, avanzamos hacia una caracterización de dichas fuerzas y gobiernos a través de una discusión del concepto de neofascismo y centrándonos en el caso del reciente gobierno de Bolsonaro en Brasil. En el segundo apartado, inscribimos el reciente ascenso electoral de Milei en Argentina en dicho marco de ascenso de nuevas derechas y analizamos algunos de sus rasgos más sobresalientes. Las conclusiones articulan nuestra argumentación de conjunto.
Snow viruses and their implications on red snow algal blooms
Authors: Barno Adam R. , Green Kevin , Rohwer Forest , Silveira Cynthia B.
Published: April 2024

Algal blooms can give snowmelt a red color, reducing snow albedo and creating a runaway effect that accelerates snow melting. The occurrence of red snow is predicted to grow in polar and subpolar regions with increasing global temperatures. We hypothesize that these algal blooms affect virus-bacteria interactions in snow, with potential effects on snowmelt dynamics. A genomic analysis of double-stranded DNA virus communities in red and white snow from the Whistler region of British Columbia, Canada, identified 792 putative viruses infecting bacteria. The most abundant putative snow viruses displayed low genomic similarity with known viruses. We recovered the complete circular genomes of nine putative viruses, two of which were classified as temperate. Putative snow viruses encoded genes involved in energy metabolisms, such as NAD
+
synthesis and salvage pathways. In model phages, these genes facilitate increased viral particle production and lysis rates. The frequency of temperate phages was positively correlated with microbial abundance in the snow samples. These results suggest the increased frequency of temperate virus-bacteria interactions as microbial densities increase during snowmelt. We propose that this virus-bacteria dynamic may facilitate the red snow algae growth stimulated by bacteria.

IMPORTANCE

Microbial communities in red snow algal blooms contribute to intensifying snowmelt rates. The role of viruses in snow during this environmental shift, however, has yet to be elucidated. Here, we characterize novel viruses extracted from snow viral metagenomes and define the functional capacities of snow viruses in both white and red snow. These results are contextualized using the composition and functions observed in the bacterial communities from the same snow samples. Together, these data demonstrate the energy metabolism performed by viruses and bacteria in a snow algal bloom, as well as expand the overall knowledge of viral genomes in extreme environments.
Clumped and in situ carbon and oxygen isotopes of calcite as tracers for oxidation of hydrocarbons in deep siliciclastic strata
Authors: Kang Xun , Tan Jingqiang , Schulz Hans-Martin , Fu Bin , Chang Biao , Jian Cao , Hu Wenxuan
Published: April 2024

The oxidation of hydrocarbons, including methane, is part of interrelated hydrogeochemical reactions affecting the carbon budget in Earth’s crust. To investigate these processes in deep siliciclastic strata, we analyzed core samples from Lower Triassic red beds in the Mahu Sag (Junggar Basin, northwest China) by coupling petrological observations with high-resolution in situ secondary ion mass spectroscopy stable carbon and oxygen isotope analyses and clumped isotopes (Δ47) of authigenic calcite. The strata contain variable oil and gas content as well as abundant high-valence Fe and/or Mn oxides. Three sequential generations of cement occur, which are characterized as (1) non-luminescent, early diagenetic calcite (MnO <0.3%, δ13CVPDB [Vienna Peedee belemnite] = −5.6‰ to −4.1‰); (2) bright-orange luminescent late-stage I calcite (0.75%–5.23% MnO, δ13C = −51.4‰ to −25.8‰); and (3) dull-orange late-stage II calcite (4.10%–12.93% MnO, δ13C = −91.4‰ to −30.9‰). Clumped isotopic thermometry reveals that the calcite precipitation temperature increases successively from <40 °C, to 81–107 °C, to finally 107–132 °C, corresponding to three precipitation time periods: before the Late Triassic, from the Early Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, and from the Early Cretaceous to the present, respectively. δ13C values of −55.7‰ to −25.8‰ indicate that late-stage I calcite is the final product of oxidation of both methane and C2+ hydrocarbons, whereas δ13C values as low as −91‰ indicate that late-stage II calcite is mainly derived from the thermochemical oxidation of methane (δ13C = −46.8‰ to −39.3‰) induced by high-valence Mn and/or Fe oxides. For late-stage I calcite, hydrocarbon oxidation was most likely promoted by high temperatures, although microbial oxidation cannot be completely ruled out. The higher precipitation temperature of late-stage II calcite demonstrates that the oxidation of methane requires higher activation energies than oxidation of C2+ hydrocarbons. We provide reliable geochemical evidence for thermally induced sequential oxidation of hydrocarbons within deep siliciclastic strata.
Erratum to: The Series of Catastrophic Earthquakes of February 6, 2023, in Turkey and Variations in the Geophysical Fields
Authors: Adushkin V. V. , Spivak A. A. , Rybnov Yu. S. , Tikhonova A. V.
Published: April 2024

An Erratum to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1028334X23070103
Erratum to: Recent Data of Multidisciplinary Studies of the Major Pleistocene Climatic Events: Glaciations, Formation of Ice-Dammed Lakes, and Their Catastrophic Drainage in Altai (Mountains of Southern Siberia)
Authors: Agatova A. R. , Nepop R. K. , Moska P. , Nikitenko B. L. , Bronnikova M. A. , Zhdanova A. N. , Zazovskaya E. P. , Karpukhina N. V. , Kuzmina O. B. , Nepop A. R. , Ovchinnikov I. Yu. , Petrozhitskiy A. V. , Uspenskaya O. N.
Published: April 2024

An Erratum to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1028334X23070115
Erratum to: The Unprecedented Current Increase in the Amount of Charcoal Particles in Sediments of Lakes of the North Minusinsk Basin (Southern Siberia): Possible Evidence of Anthropogenic Influence
Authors: Rogozin D. Yu. , Burdin L. A. , Bolobanshchikova G. N. , Degermendzhy A. G.
Published: April 2024

An Erratum to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1028334X23070279
Erratum to: Paleocene Glauconite of the Near-Volga Monocline of Submarine Volcanic Sedimentary Genesis
Authors: Nikulin Iv. Iv. , Boeva N. M. , Soboleva S. V. , Bortnikov N. S.
Published: April 2024

An Erratum to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1028334X23070334
Erratum to: The Origin of the West Siberian Sedimentary Basin without Strong Crustal Stretching: An Analysis of Superdeep Drilling Data
Authors: Artyushkov E. V. , Chekhovich P. A.
Published: April 2024

An Erratum to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1028334X23070371
Erratum to: Oxygen Isotopic Fractionation in a Silicate–Carbonate System during the Formation of Rocks of the Kovdor Pluton (Kola Peninsula)
Authors: Dubinina E. O. , Morozova A. S. , Rass I. T. , Avdeenko A. S.
Published: April 2024

An Erratum to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1028334X23070383
Anorectal malformation and Hirschsprung’s disease: a cross-sectional multicentre comparison of quality of life and bowel function to a healthy population
Authors: Rajasegaran Suganthi , Ahmad Nur Aini , Tan Shung Ken , Lechmiannandan Abhirrami , Mohamed Omar Mazali , Cheng Joo Qing , Hassan Junaidah , Sanmugam Anand , Singaravel Srihari , Mohd Khalid Hazlina , Abdullah Mohd Yusof , Nah Shireen Anne
Published: April 2024

Purpose

Children with anorectal malformation (ARM) and Hirschsprung’s disease (HD) often experience bowel symptoms into adulthood, despite definitive surgery. This study evaluates the quality of life (QOL) and bowel functional outcome of children treated for ARM and HD in comparison to healthy controls.

Methods

Between December 2020 and February 2023, we recruited patients with ARM and HD aged 3–17 years at four tertiary referral centres, who had primary corrective surgery done >12 months prior. Healthy controls were age-matched and sex-matched. All participants completed the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Generic Core Scales 4.0, General Well-Being (GWB) Scale 3.0 and Family Impact (FI) Module 2.0 Questionnaires. Bowel Function Score (BFS) Questionnaires were also administered. We also performed subgroup analysis according to age categories. Appropriate statistical analysis was performed with p<0.05 significance. Ethical approval was obtained.

Results

There were 306 participants: 101 ARM, 87 HD, 118 controls. Patients with ARM and HD had significantly worse Core and FI Scores compared with controls overall and in all age categories. In the GWB Scale, only ARM and HD adolescents (13–17 years) had worse scores than controls. ARM and HD had significantly worse BFSs compared with controls overall and in all age categories. There was significant positive correlation between BFS and Core Scores, GWB Scores and FI Scores.

Conclusion

Patients with ARM and HD had worse QOL than controls. Lower GWB Scores in adolescents suggests targeted interventions are necessary. Bowel function influences QOL, indicating the need for continuous support into adulthood.
Analysis of the impact of uneven permeability of surrounding rock caused by the coupling effect of ground stresses and fault structure on sudden water inrush in tunnels
Authors: An Pengtao , Fan Lin , Wen Haixin , Fu Helin
Published: April 2024

Affected by fault structure and
in situ
stress, the heterogeneity of the permeability of surrounding rock is universal. Treating it as a fixed value will reduce the prediction accuracy of water inflow and structural head. In view of this problem, considering the coupling effect of ground stress and fault structure, the permeability of surrounding rock is regarded as a spatially discrete type, a plane one-dimensional seepage calculation model in the vertical section is constructed, and the phreatic surface drop curve equation is established. Using Taylor's formula and series expansion theorem, the equation can be reduced to the expression of the falling curve when the permeability of the surrounding rock is homogeneous. Based on Darcy's law and the law of conservation of fluid mass, the calculation formula for tunnel water inflow and external water pressure of the structure was derived and verified through ongoing construction projects. Research shows that the calculation error of water inflow can be reduced from 23.1% to 7.5% when considering the influence of ground stress and fault structure on the permeability of surrounding rock, and the calculation error of water head borne by the supporting structure can be reduced from 43.8% to 30%, which improves the prediction accuracy.

Thematic collection:
This article is part of the Climate change and resilience in Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology collection available at:
https://www.lyellcollection.org/topic/collections/climate-change-and-resilience-in-engineering-geology-and-hydrogeology
Mix-Zones as an Effective Privacy Enhancing Technique in Mobile and Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks
Authors: Ravi Nirupama , Krishna C. Mani , Koren Israel
Published: April 2024

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) promise significant increases in throughput and reductions in trip delay. ITS makes extensive use of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAV) frequently broadcasting location, speed, and intention information. However, with such extensive communication comes the risk to privacy. Preserving privacy while still exchanging vehicle state information has been recognized as an important problem.

Mix zones have emerged as a potentially effective way of protecting user privacy in ITS. CAVs are assigned pseudonyms to mask their identity; a mix zone is an area where CAVs can change their pseudonyms to resist being tracked.

In order to be effective, mix zone placement must take account of traffic flows. Also, since a mix zone can degrade throughput, mix zones must be used sparingly. Determining the number and placement of mix zones is a difficult dynamic optimization problem. This paper outlines the various approaches recently taken by researchers to deal with this problem.
Enhanced Compiler Technology for Software-based Hardware Fault Detection
Authors: Baroffio Davide , Reghenzani Federico , Fornaciari William
Published: April 2024

Software-Implemented Hardware Fault Tolerance (SIHFT) is a modern approach for tackling random hardware faults of dependable systems employing solely software solutions. This work extends an automatic compiler-based SIHFT hardening tool called ASPIS, enhancing it with novel protection mechanisms and overhead-reduction techniques, also providing an extensive analysis of its compliance with the non-trivial workload of the open-source Real-Time Operating System FreeRTOS. A thorough experimental fault-injection campaign on an STM32 board shows how the system achieves remarkably high tolerance to single-event upsets and a comparison between the SIHFT mechanisms implemented summarises the tradeoff between the overhead introduced and the detection capabilities of the various solutions.
Outbreaks of Elizabethkingia miricola Caused Fatal Meningitis‐Like Disease in Cultured Bullfrogs
Authors: An Rui , Hou Guanxin , Sun Xinyi , Wang Lili , Zhang Chunxiao , Han Yajing , Li Yonghui , Wu Tonglei , Shi Qiumei , Zhu Zhigang , Zhang Zhiqiang
Published: April 2024

Elizabethkingia miricola is an emerging nosocomial pathogen responsible for meningitis, sepsis, urinary tract infection, pneumonia, and joint infection in humans. These pathogens were also reported to be causal agents for meningitis‐like disease in cultured frogs, which displayed high infectivity, mortality, and significant loss. In July 2023, 10 outbreaks of infectious meningitis‐like disease in bullfrogs occurred in Tangshan area. To determine the causal agent, 70 diseased frogs from 10 farms were collected for etiological identification. Gram‐negative bacilli were isolated from the brain and liver of sick bullfrogs and identified as members of E. miricola by biochemical characterization and 16S rRNA sequencing analysis. A total of 42 strains of E. miricola were isolated and further determined as the etiological agent by reproducing neurological symptoms and deaths in an artificial infection test. A representative isolate, HBTS‐1, was picked up for the pathogenicity test, and the data showed that this stain was highly pathogenic to bullfrogs with an LD50 of 3.7 × 105 CFU. Notably, the isolate also showed high pathogenicity to 5‐day‐old suckling mice, with an LD50 of 3.1 × 106 CFU, indicating its potential threat to mammals. Moreover, all the 42 E. miricola isolates showed resistance to multiple antibotics without an apparent inhibition zone observed in the test, making the choice of antimicrobial therapy challenging. These novel findings prioritized E. miricola as an important zoonotic agent, which may provide a reference for human medicine.
Comparative Evaluation of Liquid Cooling‐Based Battery Thermal Management Systems: Fin Cooling, PCM Cooling, and Intercell Cooling
Authors: Choi Hongseok , Lee Hyoseong , Han Ukmin , Jung Juneyeol , Lee Hoseong
Published: April 2024

The escalating demand for electric vehicles and lithium‐ion batteries underscores the critical need for diverse battery thermal management systems (BTMSs) to ensure optimal battery performance. Despite this, a comprehensive comparative analysis remains absent. This study seeks to assess and compare the thermal and hydraulic performances of three prominent BTMSs: fin cooling, intercell cooling, and PCM cooling. Simulation models were meticulously developed and experimentally validated, with each system’s design parameters optimized under identical volumes to ensure equitable comparisons. In the context of fast‐charging conditions, intercell cooling consistently met and even surpassed the desired target temperature, reducing the maximum temperature to 30.6°C with an increasing flow rate, while fin cooling faced challenges. Effective control of coolant temperature emerged as a critical factor for achieving optimal PCM cooling, with a potential reduction in temperature difference by 4.3 K. Despite exhibiting higher power consumption, intercell cooling demonstrated the most efficient cooling effect during fast charging. Considering the BTMS weight, fin cooling exhibited the lowest energy density, approximately half that of other methods. Addressing precooling and preheating conditions for high and low temperatures, the intercell method proved adept at meeting temperature requirements with minimal power consumption in significantly shorter durations. Conversely, the practicality of using PCM at high temperatures was deemed challenging.
Mechanism of Knee Injuries in the National Basketball Association: A Video-Based Analysis
Authors: Hull Peyton A. , Collins Andrew P. , Maag Brenden , Schwartzman Jonathan , Gapinski Zachary A. , Service Benjamin C.
Published: April 2024

Background. To characterize the mechanism of knee injuries among NBA players during the 2010–2020 seasons using video-based analysis. Methods. An injury database of NBA players was queried for knee injuries from the 2006-07 to 2020-21 seasons and cross-referenced with NBA injury reports. Youtube.com was searched to identify available injury footage. The mechanism of knee injury during play was analyzed by three independent reviewers. Non-mechanistic data related to the injury was gathered from news reports and official NBA websites. Results. A total of 2,868 knee injuries occurred in NBA players from 2010 to 2020 seasons; 121 had high quality videos for analysis. The most common mechanism of injury was knee flexion in valgus with internal rotation (27.3%, p<0.001), which was associated with injury to the ACL (55.2%, p=0.0001). Injuries occurred most often with control of the ball (62.8%, p=0.0064), while on offense (73.6%, p=0.0001), and without contact (71.1%, p=0.0001). A 28.1% incidence of re-injury was observed in the first 3-year period, and 43.8% of knee injuries required surgery. The average number of games missed due to injury requiring surgery was 55.1 games compared to 8.5 games in those treated nonoperatively p<0.0001. Conclusion. Understanding mechanisms of knee injury may guide preventative strategies and injury management programs in NBA players. Video-based analysis reveals the situational characteristics and mechanisms of knee injuries, but further studies are needed to develop injury prevention programs, efficacy of prevention strategies, and rehabilitation to minimize games missed from these injuries.
A Review of Membrane Electrode Assemblies for the Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyser: Perspective on Activity and Stability
Authors: Ferriday T. B. , Sampathkumar S. N. , Middleton P. H. , Kolhe M. L. , Van Herle J.
Published: April 2024

The performance of a water electrolyser (WE) depends on several aspects, many of which are located in the powerhouse of the cell, namely, the membrane electrode assembly (MEA). The anion exchange membrane WE (AEMWE) is a promising technology; however, both activity and stability must be further developed to surpass the current dominant WE technologies. Herein, we review aspects related to MEA development for anion exchange membrane water electrolysers, covering materials and techniques from the perspective of stability and activity. The gas diffusion layer (GDL) and the microporous layer (MPL) are often combined into a single MEA component, which places great importance on its composition. This composite layer has the greatest impact of any single component on cell performance, as the physical architecture of the GDL/MPL influences the overpotential related to activation, ohmic, and mass transport. The purpose of this review is to serve as an executive summary of the literature related to MEAs for AEMWEs for researchers and industry professionals who seek to further the state of the art.
A Qualitative Study of HIV Testing Experiences and HIV Self‐Testing Perspectives among Men in Northern Nigeria
Authors: Iliyasu Zubairu , Haladu Zikrillahi A. , Iliyasu Bilkisu Z. , Kwaku Aminatu A. , Nass Nafisa S. , Amole Taiwo G. , Abdullahi Hadiza M. , Abdullahi Amina U. , Tsiga-Ahmed Fatimah I. , Abdullahi Auwal , Bashir Humayra A. , Salihu Hamisu M. , Aliyu Muktar H.
Published: April 2024

HIV self‐testing (HIVST) holds promise for accessing hard‐to‐reach populations by overcoming sociocultural and structural barriers to awareness of HIV status. This phenomenological qualitative study explored the experiences and perspectives of married men in Kano, northern Nigeria, regarding HIV testing and counseling (HTC) and HIVST. Twenty married men from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds participated in in‐depth interviews conducted in the local language. Thematic analysis was employed to analyze the data, yielding key themes related to prior test experiences, knowledge of self‐testing, and perceived ease of use, in addition to motivation for self‐testing and concerns about reliability and counseling support. The findings shed light on the impact of facility‐based HIV testing experiences on the perspectives of participants. Concerns related to delays, overcrowding, discomfort, fear, and unsupportive attitudes from healthcare providers influenced their perceptions. Among persons with previous self‐testing experience, initial uneasiness was overcome with repeated use, highlighting the ease of use associated with HIVST. Motivations for self‐testing included privacy, convenience, personal empowerment, improved infection detection, and efficiency. Concerns were raised regarding the reliability of self‐testing results compared to hospital‐based testing, and the absence of counseling support during self‐testing. Our findings underscore the need to address infrastructural limitations, enhance counseling support, and promote awareness and knowledge of HIVST.
Table S1 from Disparities in Access to Liver Transplant Referral and Evaluation among Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Georgia
Authors: Ross-Driscoll Katherine , Ayuk-Arrey Arrey-Takor , Lynch Raymond , McCullough Lauren E. , Roccaro Giorgio , Nephew Lauren , Hundley Jonathan , Rubin Raymond A. , Patzer Rachel
Published: April 2024

Distribution of demographic and clinical characteristics among HCC patients diagnosed in Georgia (2010 – 2019)
TABLE 6 from Disparities in Access to Liver Transplant Referral and Evaluation among Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Georgia
Authors: Ross-Driscoll Katherine , Ayuk-Arrey Arrey-Takor , Lynch Raymond , McCullough Lauren E. , Roccaro Giorgio , Nephew Lauren , Hundley Jonathan , Rubin Raymond A. , Patzer Rachel
Published: April 2024

Characteristics of patients with early-stage HCC transplanted at a Georgia transplant center versus those transplanted outside of Georgia (n = 191)
Figure S1 from Disparities in Access to Liver Transplant Referral and Evaluation among Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Georgia
Authors: Ross-Driscoll Katherine , Ayuk-Arrey Arrey-Takor , Lynch Raymond , McCullough Lauren E. , Roccaro Giorgio , Nephew Lauren , Hundley Jonathan , Rubin Raymond A. , Patzer Rachel
Published: April 2024

Liver transplant referral and evaluation among Georgia HCC patients identified in the expanded cohort (2010 – 2019)
FIGURE 1 from Disparities in Access to Liver Transplant Referral and Evaluation among Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Georgia
Authors: Ross-Driscoll Katherine , Ayuk-Arrey Arrey-Takor , Lynch Raymond , McCullough Lauren E. , Roccaro Giorgio , Nephew Lauren , Hundley Jonathan , Rubin Raymond A. , Patzer Rachel
Published: April 2024

Defining the early-stage HCC cohort—inclusion and exclusion of patients diagnosed in Georgia, 2010–2019.
Data from Disparities in Access to Liver Transplant Referral and Evaluation among Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Georgia
Authors: Ross-Driscoll Katherine , Ayuk-Arrey Arrey-Takor , Lynch Raymond , McCullough Lauren E. , Roccaro Giorgio , Nephew Lauren , Hundley Jonathan , Rubin Raymond A. , Patzer Rachel
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Liver transplantation offers the best survival for patients with early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Prior studies have demonstrated disparities in transplant access; none have examined the early steps of the transplant process. We identified determinants of access to transplant referral and evaluation among patients with HCC with a single tumor either within Milan or meeting downstaging criteria in Georgia.

Population-based cancer registry data from 2010 to 2019 were linked to liver transplant centers in Georgia. Primary cohort: adult patients with HCC with a single tumor ≤8 cm in diameter, no extrahepatic involvement, and no vascular involvement. Secondary cohort: primary cohort plus patients with multiple tumors confined to one lobe. We estimated time to transplant referral, evaluation initiation, and evaluation completion, accounting for the competing risk of death. In sensitivity analyses, we also accounted for non-transplant cancer treatment.

Among 1,379 patients with early-stage HCC in Georgia, 26% were referred to liver transplant. Private insurance and younger age were associated with increased likelihood of referral, while requiring downstaging was associated with lower likelihood of referral. Patients living in census tracts with ≥20% of residents in poverty were less likely to initiate evaluation among those referred [cause-specific hazard ratio (csHR): 0.62, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.42–0.94]. Medicaid patients were less likely to complete the evaluation once initiated (csHR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.32–0.89).

Different sociodemographic factors were associated with each stage of the transplant process among patients with early-stage HCC in Georgia, emphasizing unique barriers to access and the need for targeted interventions at each step.
Significance:
Among patients with early-stage HCC in Georgia, age and insurance type were associated with referral to liver transplant, race, and poverty with evaluation initiation, and insurance type with evaluation completion. Opportunities to improve transplant access include informing referring providers about insurance requirements, addressing barriers to evaluation initiation, and streamlining the evaluation process.
Adjuvant Chemotherapy after Radical Nephroureterectomy for Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma with Variant Histology: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Survival Outcomes
Authors: Jeon Jinhyung , Kim Jae Heon , Ha Jee Soo , Yang Won Jae , Cho Kang Su , Kim Do Kyung
Published: April 2024

Introduction: The objective of this study was to determine effects of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) on survival outcomes compared to surgery alone without AC for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients with variant histology (VH). Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies investigating AC for UTUC in Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library up to January 2023. Population, intervention, comparator, and outcome were UTUC patients with VH, radical nephroureterectomy with AC, radical nephroureterectomy only, and oncological survival, respectively. Results: Four retrospective studies were included. Regarding overall survival (OS), the pooled hazard ratio was 0.61 (95% confidence interval: 0.42–0.87; p = 0.007) across two studies. Regarding cancer-specific survival (CSS), the pooled hazard ratio was 0.46 (95% confidence interval: 0.25–0.84; p = 0.01) across three studies. All included studies had a high quality based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Certainty of evidence for OS was low. Certainty of evidence for CSS was moderate due to a strong association (hazard ratio <0.5). Publication bias was not significant for any studies. Conclusion: In UTUC patients with VH, administration of AC after surgery might have better survival outcomes than surgery alone. Our study provides evidence for decision-making of clinicians who treat UTUC patients with VH.
Retrospective Cohort Study Comparing the Clinical Profile and Outcomes of Critically Ill Pregnant Patients in Kuwait during the COVID-19 Pandemic Waves
Authors: Alazmi Eman , Akbar Zahraa , Aldarweesh Mariam , Almuzayen Khalid , Husain Eelaf , Alharmi Jehad
Published: April 2024

Objectives: COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2 virus). This virus evolved into several variants, each with different severity. There are surges in the number of infected patients, commonly described as “waves.” In Kuwait, three waves occurred. Our study describes and compares the clinical presentation and outcomes of critically ill pregnant patients infected with different variants. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study in two intensive care units (ICU) dedicated to patients with COVID-19. The wave periods were retrieved from the Kuwait Ministry of Health. Results: The total number of ICU admissions during the study period was 74 patients. Most cases occurred during the third wave (n = 47/74, 63.5%). Most patients did not have comorbidities. The most common presenting symptoms were fever 62.2%, dyspnea 71.6%, and dry cough 74.3%. Low oxygen saturation 35.1% and maternal tachycardia 75.7% were observed in most patients. Cesarean section was the most common route of delivery, with maternal indication accounting for most cases 78.84%. Eight patients (13.69%) underwent dialysis, and thirty-one (41.9%) needed extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Most patients required ventilatory support 66.21%. Almost all patients were unvaccinated 97.01%. Maternal mortality was mainly noted in the third wave (13.23%). Conclusions: In Kuwait, the number of admissions and the rate of maternal complications, morbidity, and mortality increased with successive waves.
Algumas aranhas novas do Brasil
Authors: Soares B. M.
Published: April 2024

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Pinotus da secção Bitiensis (Col. Scarab.)
Authors: Pereira Francisco Silverio
Published: April 2024

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Alguns tipos de gêneros da ordem Lepidoptera. 1ª nota: Rhopalocera, fam. Mechanitididae
Authors: D'Almeida R. Ferreira
Published: April 2024

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Diplopoda de Pirassununga. I. Primeiro Diplopodo europeu encontrado no Brasil
Authors: Schubart Otto
Published: April 2024

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New or little-known Tipulidae (Diptera) from São Paulo, Brasil – Part I
Authors: Alexander Charles P.
Published: April 2024

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Primeira contribuição ao conhecimento da fauna ictiológica de Monte Alegre (Estado de São Paulo)
Authors: Campos A. Amaral
Published: April 2024

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Opiliões do Alto da Serra. II
Authors: Soares B. M.
Published: April 2024

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Um novo opilião do Paraná
Authors: Soares Hélia Eller Monteiro
Published: April 2024

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Mais um caso de associação entre Mallophaga e Hippoboscidae
Authors: Guimarães Lindolpho R.
Published: April 2024

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Notas sôbre a Ofiologia Neotrópica e Brasílica. VII. Formas de Colubríneos de recente registo
Authors: Amaral Afrânio do
Published: April 2024

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Notas sôbre a Ofiologia Neotrópica e Brasílica. IX. Formas de Boigíneos de recente registo
Authors: Amaral Afrânio do
Published: April 2024

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Algumas adendas à avifauna de Monte Alegre
Authors: Pinto Olivério
Published: April 2024

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Novo goniléptida de Campos de Jordão e alótipo de Paragonyleptes gonypernoides (Piza, 1943)
Authors: Soares B. M.
Published: April 2024

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Ctenuchidae de Monte Alegre
Authors: Travassos Filho Lauro
Published: April 2024

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Alguns tipos de gêneros da ordem Lepidoptera. 6ª nota: Heterocera, fam. Dalceridae Dyar
Authors: D'Almeida R. Ferreira
Published: April 2024

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Revisão dos opiliões do Instituto Butantã
Authors: Soares B. A. M.
Published: April 2024

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Novos opiliões de Campos do Jordão coligidos pelo Dr. Petr Wygodzinsky (Opiliones – Gonyleptidae)
Authors: Soares Benedicto A. M. , Soares Hélia E. M.
Published: April 2024

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Um novo opilião do estado de São Paulo (Opiliones – Gonyleptidae)
Authors: Soares Benedicto A. M. , Soares Hélia E. M.
Published: April 2024

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Um novo gênero e duas novas espécies de opiliões (Opiliones – Cosmetidae, Gonyleptidae)
Authors: Soares Benedicto A. M. , Soares Hélia E. M.
Published: April 2024

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Sôbre o gênero Cerozodus Bigot, 1857 (Diptera, Asilidae)
Authors: Carrera Messias
Published: April 2024

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Um novo conceito do gênero Ilhaia Roewer (Opiliones – Gonyleptidae)
Authors: Soares Benedicto A. M. , Soares Hélia E. M.
Published: April 2024

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Gêneros e genótipos dos tingídeos do mundo
Authors: Monte Oscar
Published: April 2024

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Sôbre os tipos e a sinonímia de alguns Canthonini (Col. Scarabaeidae). II
Authors: Lane Frederico
Published: April 2024

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Comportamento da humidade em recipientes de barro poroso para a criação de artrópodos
Authors: Travassos Filho L. , Pereira Clemente
Published: April 2024

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Duas novas espécies de Polygenis Jordan, 1939 (Pulicidae – Suctoria)
Authors: Guimarães Lindolpho R.
Published: April 2024

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Opiliões pertencentes à coleção Gert Hatschbach (Opiliones – Gonyleptidae, Phalangodidae, Phalangiidae)
Authors: Soares Benedicto A. M. , Soares Hélia E. M.
Published: April 2024

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Uma nova espécie de flebótomo do vale amazônico e chave para determinação das espécies afins (Diptera, Psychodidae)
Authors: Barretto Mauro Pereira
Published: April 2024

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Cerambicídeos neotrópicos. I. Sôbre algumas espécies de torneutinae (Col. Cerambycidae)
Authors: Lane Frederico
Published: April 2024

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Sobre a subfamília Bryconinae. Espécies existentes na coleção de peixes do Departamento de Zoologia de São Paulo
Authors: Campos A. Amaral
Published: April 2024

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Contribuição ao estudo das aranhas brasileiras (Arachnida – Araneae). Três espécies novas e uma pouco conhecida
Authors: Camargo Hélio F. de Almeida
Published: April 2024

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Estudos sôbre Tabânidas brasileiros. XI. Sôbre a validade nomenclatural dos nomes genéricos publicados em "Colleção de Tabânidas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz em Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, 1909" (Diptera, Tabanidae)
Authors: Barretto Mauro Pereira
Published: April 2024

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Sobre os tipos e a sinonímia de alguns Canthonini (Col. Scarabaeidae). III. Nota sôbre a data certa de Canthon laevis Drury
Authors: Lane Frederico
Published: April 2024

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O tubérculo intermediário posterior (metaconule) dos molares superiores nos macacos do gênero Callicebus Thomas, 1903
Authors: Serra Octavio Della , Picosse Milton
Published: April 2024

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Nova espécie neotrópica do gênero "Cardiocladius" Kieffer, 1912 (Diptera, Chironomidae)
Authors: Oliveira S. J. de
Published: April 2024

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Sôbre o gênero Threnia Schiner, 1866 (Diptera, Asilidae)
Authors: Carrera Messias
Published: April 2024

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Descrição de uma nova espécie de Hydrophorus (Diptera, Dolichopodidae)
Authors: D'Andretta Maria A. V.
Published: April 2024

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Redescobrimento de Mitu mitu (Linné) no nordeste do Brasil (Est. de Alagoas). Provada a independência de Mitu tuberosus (Spix) como espécie àparte
Authors: Pinto Oliverio M. de O.
Published: April 2024

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Sobre a presença do gênero Lepidoblepharis no Brasil (Sauria, Gekkonidae)
Authors: Vanzolini P. E.
Published: April 2024

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Sobre dous polymastigina parasitas do térmita africano Cryptotermes havilandi Sjöstedt instalado em terra brasileira
Authors: Mello I. Froilano de
Published: April 2024

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Uma nova espécie de Paracryptocerus da Colômbia, praga do cafeeiro (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
Authors: Kempf Walter W.
Published: April 2024

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Notas sobre geoplanas brasileiras (Turbellaria Tricladida)
Authors: Froehlich Claudio G.
Published: April 2024

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Asilídeos da Argentina (Diptera). II. Aczelia, novo gênero para Laparus argentinus Wulp, 1882
Authors: Carrera Messias
Published: April 2024

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Novos gêneros e novas espécies de Dasypogoninae neotropicais (Diptera, Asilidae)
Authors: Carrera Messias
Published: April 2024

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Dois gêneros novos de Canthonini americanos (Col. Scarabaeoidea, Scarabaeidae)
Authors: Martínez Antonio , Pereira Francisco S.
Published: April 2024

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Sobre mamiferos do estado do Maranhão
Authors: Vieira Carlos da Cunha
Published: April 2024

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Resultados ornitologicos de uma excursão ao estado do Maranhão
Authors: Camargo Eurico Alves de
Published: April 2024

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Sobre o genero Dasyllis Loew, 1851 (Diptera, Asilidae)
Authors: Carrera Messias
Published: April 2024

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Sobre a validez de Callithrix leucippe (Thos.) (Callithricidae, Primates)
Authors: Carvalho Cory T. de
Published: April 2024

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Ibidionini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). V. Comentários e descrição de novas espécies do gênero Gnomidolon Thomson
Authors: Martins Ubirajara R.
Published: April 2024

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Algumas adendas à avifauna brasileira
Authors: Pinto Olivério
Published: April 2024

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Comportamento de Myiozetetes cayanensis e notas biológicas sôbre espécies afins (Passeres, Tyrannidae)
Authors: Carvalho Cory T. de
Published: April 2024

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Ibidionini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). IX. Novas espécies do gênero Octoplon
Authors: Martins Ubirajara R.
Published: April 2024

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Insecta amapaensia. Diapherodes gibbosa Burmeister, 1839, tipo de um novo gênero de Phasmida
Authors: Carrera Messias
Published: April 2024

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Sôbre as raças geográficas de Philydor rufus (Vieillot) no Brasil (Furnariidae, Aves)
Authors: Novaes Fernando C.
Published: April 2024

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Dois nematóides parasitos intestinais de espécies selvagens de Blattaria
Authors: Kloss G. R.
Published: April 2024

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Ibidionini (Coleoptera, Cerambycinae). XVIII. Um novo gênero e novas espécies
Authors: Martins Ubirajara R.
Published: April 2024

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Scolytoidea (Coleoptera). II. Sôbre platypodidae neotropicais com descrição de um alótipo
Authors: Reichardt Hans
Published: April 2024

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Sôbre uma nova espécie de Astyanax do rio Mogi-Guassu (Pisces, Characidae)
Authors: Britski Heraldo A.
Published: April 2024

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Notas preliminares sôbre a biometria de Astyanax fasciatus (Pisces, Characidae)
Authors: Rebouças Regina
Published: April 2024

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Contribuição ao conhecimento do gênero Epipolops H.-Schaeffer, 1853 (Hemiptera, Lygaeidae, Geocorinae)
Authors: Canter Henrique Moisés
Published: April 2024

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Ibidionini (Coleoptera, Cerambycinae). XXVI. Ibidionini do Riksmuseum, Stockholm
Authors: Martins Ubirajara R.
Published: April 2024

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Records and descriptions of Tipulidae from South America (Diptera)
Authors: Alexander Charles P.
Published: April 2024

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Novos gêneros e espécies de Aerenicini (Coleoptera, Lamiidae)
Authors: Lane Frederico
Published: April 2024

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Nota sôbre os hábitos dos machos de Dermatobia hominis (Linnaeus Jr.) (Diptera, Cuterebridae)
Authors: Guimarães J. H.
Published: April 2024

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Diferenciação geográfica e dimorfismo sexual de Trichodactylus (Trichodactylus) fluviatilis Latreille, 1825 (Crustacea, Brachyura)
Authors: Mello Gustavo Augusto S. de
Published: April 2024

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Comparative study of Corpora alata in brazilian stingless bees
Authors: Akahira Yukio , Beig Darvin
Published: April 2024

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Sôbre alguns Decapoda do Brasil (Crustacea, Brachyura: Pinnotheridae e Parthenopidae)
Authors: Righi Gilberto
Published: April 2024

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Contribuição ao conhecimento dos Laelaptidae do Brasil (Acarina)
Authors: Lizaso Nélida Margarita
Published: April 2024

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Sôbre o gênero Peltella, com a descrição de uma nova espécie (Gastropoda, Amphibulimidae)
Authors: Leme José Luiz Moreira
Published: April 2024

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Divergence rate in south american lizards of the genus Liolaemus (Sauria, Iguanidae)
Authors: Vanzolini P. E. , Ab'Saber Aziz N.
Published: April 2024

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Notas sôbre uma coleção de Blattaria do litoral do estado de São Paulo (Dictyoptera)
Authors: Albuquerque Isolda Rocha e Silva
Published: April 2024

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Report on some neotropical ant studies
Authors: Kempf Walter W. , Brown, Jr. William L.
Published: April 2024

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Electron microscope observations on honeybee seminal vesicles (Apis mellifera adansonii, Hymenoptera, Apidae)
Authors: Cruz-Landim Carminda da , Höfling Maria Alice da Cruz
Published: April 2024

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Deux espèces nouvelles du genre Pelecium (Coleoptera, Carabidae)
Authors: Straneo S. L.
Published: April 2024

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Sepsis costalis Wiedemann redescribed and referred to Richardiidae (Diptera, Acalyptratae)
Authors: Steyskal George C.
Published: April 2024

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Lonchopisthus meadi, a new jawfish from the coast of Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil (Pisces, Opisthognathidae)
Authors: Menezes Naércio A. , Figueiredo José Lima de
Published: April 2024

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A new genus and two new species of parrot Mallophaga (Philopteridae) from new Guinea
Authors: Guimarães Lindolpho R.
Published: April 2024

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Um novo Thyreophoridae da amazônia brasileira (Diptera, Acalyptratae)
Authors: Papavero N. , Val Francisca C. do
Published: April 2024

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New and little known neotropical Coleoptera. II. The rediscovery of Georyssus humeralis Pic, 1923 (Georyssidae)
Authors: Reichardt Hans
Published: April 2024

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Neozelia alini, gen. et sp. n. (Diptera: Tachinidae), a parasite of cerambycids (Coleoptera), with a listing of Tachinidae parasite of Cerambycidae
Authors: Guimarães J. H.
Published: April 2024

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Sobre o ninho de Triclaria malachitacea (Spix, 1824) (Aves, Psittacidae)
Authors: Camargo Hélio F. de Almeida
Published: April 2024

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Biologia de Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera – Tephritidae). Um novo meio artificial de criação para produção em massa
Authors: Souza H. M. L. de , Piedrabuena A. E. , Pavan O. H. O.
Published: April 2024

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Novas espécies e novas ocorrências de gastrópodos marinhos na costa brasileira (Prosobranchia, Neogastropoda)
Authors: Penna-Neme Lícia , Leme José Luiz Moreira
Published: April 2024

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Os Gêneros Americanos de Psebiini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae)
Authors: Martins Ubirajara R. , Napp Dilma Solange
Published: April 2024

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O Renascimento Francês
Authors: Audubert Albert
Published: April 2024

Não gostaríamos de começar esta palestra com uma heresia talvez em relação à História, mas, em literatura pode-se dizer que as gerações, como as pessoas, têm muitas vêzes consciência de sua idade . Na época romântica, por exemplo, muitos grandes poetas sentem-se velhos ou cansados — é o famoso mal du siècle (mal do século) .
Fomento Ultramarino e Mercantilismo: a companhia geral do Grão-Pará e Maranhão (1755-1778) (XIII)
Authors: Dias Manuel Nunes
Published: April 2024

O controvertido problema da extinção da Companhia não era seomente de estrutura política, mas, sobretudo, de natureza moral e econômica . A polêmica, por isso mesmo, conspurcava a opinião, con-correndo para pervertê-la e depravá-la .
História do Banco da Bahia
Authors: Aguiar Pinto de
Published: April 2024

A instalação do Banco da Bahia S.A ., em 18 de julho de 1858, como um dos seis bancos aos quais, no espaço de pouco mais de sete meses, de 31 de agôsto de 1857 a 3 de abril de 1858, seria concedido o poder de emitir papel-moeda, insere-se na solução global que se procurava dar à problemática da economia brasileira contemporânea, como uma resposta adeqüada às mutações verificadas na natureza das atividades econômicas e na utilização dos fatôres de produção.
Gilberto Freyre e a historiografia brasileira
Authors: Quintas Amaro
Published: April 2024

Os mais antigos estudos sôbre a história brasileira remontam precisamente ao primeiro século.
Notícia sobre o centro de estudos mineiros
Authors: Matos Roberto de Carvalho
Published: April 2024

A Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, no seu programa de extensão, integrando-se na realidade regional, criou o Centro de Estudos Mineiros, que tem amplo trabalho a realizar .
Resenha de: Bibliografia brasileira do período colonial
Authors: Matos Odilon Nogueira de
Published: April 2024

MORAES (Rubens Borba de) . — Bibliografia brasileira do período colonial: catálogo comentado das obras dos autores nascidos no Brasil e publicadas antes de 1808. Instituto de Estudos Brasileiros. São Paulo. 1969. 438 pp.
Resenha de: La population de Meulan du XVIIe au XIXe siècle
Authors: Paula Eurípedes Simões de
Published: April 2024

LACIVER (Marcel). — La population de Meulan du XVIIe au XIXe siècle (vers 1600-1870). Étude de démographie historique. S.E.V.P.E.N. Pa-ris. Coleção "Démographie et Sociétés". Publicação da École des Hautes Etudes. VIe Section. Centre de Recherches Historiques. 1969. 339 pági-nas. Preço — FR 62,70.