bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Feasibility and Benefits of a Virtual Yoga Practice for Stroke Survivors With Aphasia
Authors: Bislick Lauren , Dietz Aimee , Duncan E. Susan , Cornelius Karen
Published: May 2023

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to (a) examine the feasibility of a virtual, adapted, aphasia-friendly yoga program for people with aphasia; (b) evaluate evidence of improvement in patient-reported outcomes and word retrieval; (c) explore the immediate impact of a yoga session on participant subjective emotional state; and (d) assess participant motivation and perceived benefits of participating in a yoga program.

Method:

This feasibility study employed a mixed-method design to document the feasibility of a virtual, 8-week adapted yoga program. A pre-/posttreatment design was used to assess patient-reported outcome measures for resilience, stress, sleep, and pain, as well as word-finding abilities. Semistructured interviews with participants were thematically analyzed to provide insight into participants' motivation and perceptions regarding their experience.

Results:

Comparisons of pre- and postprogram group means suggest that participation in an 8-week adapted yoga program may positively impact perceptions of resilience (large effect), stress (medium effect), sleep disturbance (medium effect), and pain (small effect) for people with aphasia. Findings from within-session reports and brief, semistructured interviews with participants indicated positive outcomes and subjective experiences and suggest that people with aphasia are motivated to participate in yoga for a variety of reasons.

Conclusions:

This study is an important first step in confirming the feasibility of an adapted, aphasia-friendly yoga program offered via a remote platform for people with aphasia. The findings support recent work suggesting that yoga may be a potent adjunct to traditional rehabilitation efforts to improve resilience and psychosocial aspects in persons with aphasia.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.22688125
Trajectory‐tracking control of an unmanned surface vehicle based on characteristic modelling approach: Implementation and field testing
Authors: Meng Yuhang , Ye Hui , Yang Xiaofei
Published: May 2023

In this study, a practical adaptive control scheme is proposed for the trajectory tracking of an unmanned surface vehicle via the characteristic modelling approach. Therefore, accurate tracking control can be achieved in the presence of unknown time‐varying model parameters and environmental disturbances. The control scheme comprises a trajectory guidance module based on the virtual target approach and a tracking control module designed by characteristic modelling theory. Firstly, the ideal control commands of the yaw speed and surge speed are generated using the position errors between the vehicle and the virtual target. Then, a second‐order characteristic model for the heading and surge speed channel is developed. The parameters of the model are updated by a real‐time parameter identification algorithm. Based on this model, an integrated adaptive control law is designed which consists of golden‐section control, feed‐forward control and integral control. Finally, the development processes of the vehicle platform and the control algorithms are described, and the results of simulation and field experiments are presented and discussed.
Biomechanik der HWS und ihre anatomischen Grundlagen
Authors: Decker Sebastian , Roth Sabine , Gaulke Ralph , Sehmisch Stephan , Koller Heiko
Published: May 2023

Dieser Artikel beschreibt die Biomechanik der Halswirbelsäule. Das Verständnis von
physiologischer Anatomie sowie den funktionellen Zusammenhängen ist Grundlage der Behandlung
zervikaler Pathologien. Abweichungen von der physiologischen Biomechanik können zufällig und
zunächst ohne Krankheitswert sein, krankheitsbedingt oder iatrogen durch z.B. Operationen
hervorgerufen werden. Darüber hinaus ist es von Bedeutung die physiologische Biomechanik auch
in der Planung von Operationen zu beachten, ebenso z.B. in der konservativen und
manualtherapeutischen Therapie.
Riechen und Riechstörungen
Authors: Hummel T , Power Guerra N , Gunder N , Hähner A , Menzel S
Published: May 2023

Zusammenfasssung

Der Geruchssinn ist wichtig. Das wurde insbesondere v. a. Patient:innen mit infektbedingtem Riechverlust während der SARS-CoV2 Pandemie bewusst. Wir reagieren z. B. auf Körpergerüche unserer Mitmenschen – die Nase bestimmt/wen wir „riechen können“. Der Geruchssinn warnt uns vor Gefahren, die Wahrnehmung von Düften und die Wahrnehmung von Aromen beim Essen bedeuten Lebensqualität. Eine Anosmie muss daher ernst genommen werden. Obwohl sich olfaktorische Rezeptorneurone durch Regenerationsfähigkeit auszeichnen, sind Anosmien mit etwa 5% relativ häufig. Riechstörungen werden nach der Ursache eingeteilt (z. B. Infekte, Schädelhirntraumen, chronische Rhinosinusitis, Alter) mit den sich daraus ergebenden unterschiedlichen Therapieoptionen und Prognosen. Eine gründliche Anamnese ist deshalb bedeutsam. Zur Diagnostik stehen verschiedenste Untersuchungsverfahren zur Verfügung, von orientierenden Kurztests über ausführliche mehrdimensionale Testverfahren bis hin zu elektrophysiologischen und bildgebenden Methoden. Damit sind quantitative Riechstörungen gut erfassbar und nachverfolgbar. Bei qualitativen Riechstörungen wie der Parosmie stehen derzeit allerdings keine objektivierenden Diagnoseverfahren zur Verfügung. Die therapeutischen Möglichkeiten bei Riechstörungen sind begrenzt. Trotzdem stehen mit dem Riechtraining sowie verschiedenen additiven medikamentösen Möglichkeiten wirksame Optionen zur Verfügung. Von großer Bedeutung ist nach wie vor die Beratung und das kompetente Gespräch mit den Patient:innen.
Obstruktive Schlafapnoe – Einfluss auf kardiovaskuläres System und Kognition
Authors: Schneider Gerlind
Published: May 2023

Kardiovaskuläre und kognitive Erkrankungen sind ebenso wie die obstruktive Schlafapnoe sehr häufige Krankheiten mit einer erheblichen Beeinträchtigung der Lebensqualität und einer deutlichen sozioökonomischen Bedeutung. Die Auswirkungen einer unbehandelten obstruktiven Schlafapnoe (OSA) auf das kardiovaskuläre und kognitive Erkrankungsrisiko und die Therapieeffekte einer OSA sind für die meisten kardiovaskulären und kognitiven Folgeerkrankungen wissenschaftlich nachgewiesen. Für die klinische Praxis besteht ein deutlicher Bedarf nach mehr Interdisziplinarität. Aus schlafmedizinischer Sicht müssen bei der Therapieindikation das individuelle kardiovaskuläre und kognitive Risiko berücksichtigt und kognitive Erkrankungen bei der Beurteilung der Therapieintoleranz und residuellen Symptomatik beachtet werden. Aus internistischer Sicht sollte bei Patienten mit schlecht einstellbarem Hypertonus, Vorhofflimmern, koronarer Herzkrankheit und Schlaganfall die Abklärung einer OSA in die Diagnostik integriert werden. Bei Patienten mit milder kognitiver Beeinträchtigung, Alzheimer-Krankheit und Depression können sich die typischen Symptome wie Fatigue, Tagesmüdigkeit und Reduktion der kognitiven Leistungen mit OSA-Symptomen überschneiden. Die Diagnostik einer OSA sollte in die Abklärung dieser Krankheitsbilder integriert werden, da eine Therapie der OSA die kognitiven Beeinträchtigungen reduzieren und die Lebensqualität verbessern kann.
Medikamenteninduziertes Stevens-Johnson-Syndrom und toxisch epidermale Nekrolyse als kutane Nebenwirkung in der Palliativversorgung
Authors: Wahl Renate U. , Rolke Roman
Published: May 2023

Das Stevens-Johnson-Syndrom (SJS) und die toxisch epidermale Nekrolyse (TEN) gehören zu den schwerwiegendsten dermatologischen Krankheitsbildern. Sie sind immunvermittelte, kutane Nebenwirkungen, verlaufen oft hochakut und haben eine Mortalität von 30%. Die Inzidenz eines SJS/TEN liegt bei 1–2 Fällen/1000000, wobei das SJS bis zu 3-mal häufiger auftritt als ein TEN. Als Hochrisiko-Medikamente für das Auftreten eines SJS/TEN wurden unter anderem Sulfonamidantibiotika, Antiepileptika, nichtsteroidale Antiphlogistika vom Oxicam-Typ und Allopurinol identifiziert. In der Literatur werden verschiedenste weitere Substanzen benannt, die diese Hautreaktion verursachen können. Es ist einer der wichtigsten Behandlungsschritte bei einem SJS/TEN, das möglicherweise auslösende Medikament zu identifizieren und abzusetzen. Bei Polypharmazie – insbesondere auch bei Palliativpatientinnen und -patienten – kann das eine Herausforderung sein. Die systemische Behandlung eines SJS/TEN wird in der Fachwelt kontrovers diskutiert. In jedem Fall wichtig ist eine adäquate Lokal- und additive Therapie. Die Behandlung eines SJS/TEN sollte multidisziplinär erfolgen. Wir berichten über den Fall einer 77-jährigen Palliativpatientin, die innerhalb von 2 Wochen eine toxisch epidermale Nekrolyse entwickelte. Als möglicherweise auslösende Medikamente konnten wir Hydrochlorothiazid, Sertralin und Metamizol identifizieren.
Einfluss von Sprachbarrieren auf die Notrufabfrage: Darstellung von Qualitätsindikatoren und Einsatzanlässen
Authors: Müller Frank , Noack Eva Maria
Published: May 2023

Ziel der Studie Ziel der Studie ist, die Häufigkeit und den Einfluss von Sprachbarrieren auf relevante Kenngrößen wie Hilfsfristen zu charakterisieren.

Methodik Leitstellendisponent*innen der Integrierten Rettungsleitstelle Süd (IRLS-Süd) in Schleswig-Holstein haben über 12 Wochen zu jedem Notruf Sprachbarrieren aufgrund von
Fremdsprachigkeit kodiert. Deskriptive und teststatistische Methoden wurden angewendet, um Einsätze bei diesen Notrufen zu charakterisieren.

Ergebnisse Bei 1,9% der Anrufenden wurde eine Sprachbarriere kodiert. Bei diesen Anrufenden wurden Einsatzmittel für gynäkologische und geburtshilfliche Notfälle (7,9% vs. 1,1%)
sowie unklare Einsatzlagen (13,6% vs. 1,3%) signifikant häufiger disponiert. Unterschiede bei den Alarmierungs- und Anfahrtszeiten gab es nicht, ebenso keinen Unterschied in der Häufigkeit
bei der Nachalarmierung von Notarzteinsatzfahrzeugen. Notrufe mit Sprachbarrieren waren jedoch häufiger zur Nachtzeit.

Schlussfolgerung Bei etwa jedem 50. Notruf besteht eine Sprachbarriere. Der Einsatz neuer Technologien könnte eine vielsprachige Notrufabfrage ermöglichen und zur Verbesserung der
Verständigung mit fremdsprachigen Notrufenden beitragen.
Sharing Clinical Notes while Protecting Adolescent Confidentiality and Maintaining Parental Insight
Authors: Elias Jonathan , Gossey J. Travis , Xi Wenna , Sharko Marianne , Robbins Laura , Bostwick Susan , Chang Jane , Lorenzi Virginia , Giatzikis Vasiliki , Scofi Jean , Trepp Richard , Lewis Rachel
Published: May 2023

Background The 21st Century Cures Act mandates sharing electronic health records (EHRs) with patients. Health care providers must ensure confidential sharing of medical information with adolescents while maintaining parental insight into adolescent health. Given variability in state laws, provider opinions, EHR systems, and technological limitations, consensus on best practices to achieve adolescent clinical note sharing at scale is needed.

Objectives This study aimed to identify an effective intervention process to implement adolescent clinical note sharing, including ensuring adolescent portal account registration accuracy, across a large multihospital health care system comprising inpatient, emergency, and ambulatory settings.

Methods A query was built to assess portal account registration accuracy. At a large multihospital health care system, 80.0% of 12- to 17-year-old patient portal accounts were classified as inaccurately registered (IR) under a parent or registration accuracy unknown (RAU). To increase accurately registered (AR) accounts, the following interventions were pursued: (1) distribution of standardized portal enrollment training; (2) patient outreach email campaign to reregister 29,599 portal accounts; (3) restriction of access to remaining IR and RAU accounts. Proxy portal configurations were also optimized. Subsequently, adolescent clinical note sharing was implemented.

Results Distribution of standardized training materials decreased IR and increased AR accounts (p = 0.0492 and 0.0058, respectively). Our email campaign (response rate: 26.8%) was most effective in decreasing IR and RAU accounts and increasing AR accounts (p < 0.002 for all categories). Remaining IR and RAU accounts, 54.6% of adolescent portal accounts, were subsequently restricted. Postrestriction, IR accounts continued declining significantly (p = 0.0056). Proxy portal enhancements with interventions deployed increased proxy portal account adoption.

Conclusion A multistep intervention process can be utilized to effectively implement adolescent clinical note sharing at a large scale across care settings. Improvements to EHR technology, portal enrollment training, adolescent/proxy portal settings, detection, and automation in reenrollment of inaccurate portal accounts are needed to maintain integrity of adolescent portal access.
Effect of Plate Type on Tibial Plateau Levelling and Medialization Osteotomy for Treatment of Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture and Concomitant Medial Patellar Luxation in Small Breed Dogs: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Dallago Melania , Baroncelli Alessandro Boero , Hudson Caleb , Peirone Bruno , De Bakker Evelien , Piras Lisa Adele
Published: May 2023

Objective The main aim of this study was to determine the effective magnitude of proximal tibial segment medialization achievable during tibial plateau levelling and medialization osteotomy (TPLO-M) with Fixin 1.9-2.5 mm pre-contoured T plates with three different offsets.

Methods In this in vitro study, 36 tibia bone models reconstructed using stereolithography from hindlimb CT scans of a 5 kg dog and a 10 kg dog without orthopaedic disease were used. TPLO-M was performed using plates with three different offsets (2, 4 and 6 mm). Post-osteotomy radiographic and bone models measurements were performed.

Results Regardless of patient weight, the +4 mm offset plates provided a translation of 2.93mm (± 0.51) while the +6 mm offset plates provided a translation of 5.03mm (± 0.47). In the 5kg dog bone model group limited bone contact at the osteotomy site was documented when using the +6mm offset plate.

Conclusion The +4mm and +6mm offset Fixin plates may be considered for TPLO-M in dogs weighing between 5 and 10 kg. The +6mm offset plate should be used cautiously in dogs weighing less than 10 kg since this plate may result in insufficient postoperative bone apposition at the osteotomy site.
Spatiotemporal pulses from a Q-switched multimode fiber laser
Authors: Ge Boyuan , Lou Yajun , Liu Huanhuan , Shum Perry Ping , Zhang Xinhai
Published: May 2023

We have demonstrated spatiotemporal pulses from a Q-switched ytterbium-doped multimode fiber laser, with a pulse energy of up to 16.5 μJ, a pulse repetition rate of 108.7 kHz, and an average output power of 1.80 W. Benefiting from the weakened spectral filtering effect, there is high pulse energy that can be produced from multimode fiber oscillators. We have observed and analyzed the evolution of multimode Q-switching with spatiotemporal correlation. Furthermore, we find that the polarization control in the saturable absorber has a modulation and selective effect on the transverse modes of the multimode fiber laser. Our results help to understand the spatiotemporal characteristics of pulsed fiber lasers and contribute to developing high-pulse energy lasers.
Local cation ordering in compositionally complex Ruddlesden–Popper n = 1 oxides
Authors: Jiang Bo , Pitike Krishna Chaitanya , Lin De-Ye , Purdy Stephen C. , Wang Xin , Zhao Yafan , Zhang Yuanpeng , Metz Peter , Macias Antonio , Meyer Harry M. , Borisevich Albina Y. , Yan Jiaqiang , Cooper Valentino R. , Bridges Craig A. , Page Katharine
Published: May 2023

The Ruddlesden–Popper (RP) layered perovskite structure is of great interest due to its inherent tunability, and the emergence and growth of the compositionally complex oxide (CCO) concept endows the RP family with further possibilities. Here, a comprehensive assessment of thermodynamic stabilization, local order/disorder, and lattice distortion was performed in the first two reported examples of lanthanum-deficient Lan+1BnO3n+1 (n = 1, B = Mg, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) obtained via various processing conditions. Chemical short-range order (CSRO) at the B-site and the controllable excess interstitial oxygen (δ) in RP-CCOs are uncovered by neutron pair distribution function analysis. Reverse Monte Carlo analysis of the data, Metropolis Monte Carlo simulations, and extended x-ray absorption fine structure analysis implies a modest degree of magnetic element segregation on the local scale. Further, ab initio molecular dynamics simulations results obtained from special quasirandom structure disagree with experimentally observed CSRO but confirm Jahn–Teller distortion of CuO6 octahedra. These findings highlight potential opportunities to control local order/disorder and excess interstitial oxygen in layered RP-CCOs and demonstrate a high degree of freedom for tailoring application-specific properties. They also suggest a need for expansion of theoretical and data modeling approaches in order to meet the innate challenges of CCO and related high-entropy phases.
High-sensitivity quantum sensing with pump-enhanced spontaneous parametric down-conversion
Authors: Lindner Chiara , Kunz Jachin , Herr Simon J. , Kießling Jens , Wolf Sebastian , Kühnemann Frank
Published: May 2023

Recent years have seen the development of quantum sensing concepts utilizing nonlinear interferometers based on correlated photon pairs generated by spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC). Using SPDC far from frequency degeneracy allows a “division of labor” between the mid-infrared photon for the strongest sample interaction and the correlated near-infrared photon for low-noise detection. The small number of photons provided by SPDC and the resulting inferior signal-to-noise ratio are, however, a limiting factor preventing the wide applicability of the novel sensing concept. Here, we demonstrate a nonlinear interferometer based on pump-enhanced SPDC with strongly improved emission rates while maintaining broadband spontaneous emission. For validation of the concept, we demonstrate high-resolution mid-infrared spectroscopy with near-infrared detection, showcasing improved accuracy. Although the number of mid-infrared photons is about five orders of magnitude smaller than in classical spectrometers, the sensitivity of the quantum spectrometer becomes comparable, marking an essential step toward real-world applications.
Machine learning-aided line intensity ratio technique applied to deuterium plasmas
Authors: Nishijima D. , Baldwin M. J. , Chang F. , Tynan G. R.
Published: May 2023

It has been demonstrated that the electron density, ne, and temperature, Te, are successfully evaluated from He I line intensity ratios coupled with machine learning (ML). In this paper, the ML-aided line intensity ratio technique is applied to deuterium (D) plasmas with 0.031 < ne (1018 m−3) < 0.67 and 2.3 < Te (eV) < 5.1 in the PISCES-A linear plasma device. Two line intensity ratios, Dα/Dγ and Dα/Dβ, are used to develop a predictive model for ne and Te separately. Reasonable agreement of both ne and Te with those from single Langmuir probe measurements is obtained at ne > 0.1 × 1018 m−3. Addition of the D2/Dα intensity ratio, where the D2 band emission intensity is integrated in a wavelength range of λ ∼ 557.4–643.0 nm, is found to improve the prediction of, in particular, ne, and Te. It is also confirmed that the technique works for D plasmas with 0.067 < ne (1018 m−3) < 6.1 and 0.8 < Te (eV) < 15 in another linear plasma device, PISCES-RF. The two training datasets from PISCES-A and PISCES-RF are combined, and unified predictive models for ne and Te give reasonable agreement with probe measurements in both devices.
Quipazine: Classical hallucinogen? Novel psychedelic?
Authors: Glennon Richard A. , Dukat Maƚgorzata
Published: May 2023

Quipazine, first identified in the 1960s, has been the topic of >1000 published papers. On the basis of available 5-HT2 serotonin receptor radioligand binding data and various preclinical studies, it might be thought that quipazine bears the hallmarks of a classical hallucinogen or psychedelic agent – agents currently being examined for their potential use in treating certain neuropsychiatric disorders. Nevertheless, by definition, such agents require the availability of human data, which, in the case of quipazine, are lacking. Because quipazine is also a 5-HT3 receptor agonist, future human studies with this agent might prove problematic because 5-HT3 agonists are known to produce emesis. Nevertheless, continued investigation of novel quipazine analogs with modified pharmacological profiles might prove worthwhile.
The path to climate neutrality for California dairies
Authors: McCabe C.J. , Mashad H.M. , Mitloehner F.M.
Published: May 2023

In recent years, dairy farms have come under scrutiny with pressure to curb their environmental impacts. Since 1950, the California dairy industry has made strides in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions per kilogram of milk produced. However, total GHG emissions have remained near constant over the past 15 years. Most on-farm dairy production emissions are in the form of methane (CH
4
) emissions produced via enteric fermentation, where CH
4
is produced as a byproduct of feed digestion, and manure management. Methane is a powerful but short-lived GHG. Historically, GWP100 has been utilized to describe a GHG emission’s warming impact over a 100-year time span. To better characterize the impact of CH
4
on atmospheric warming, a relatively new accounting system named global warming potential star (GWP*) has been proposed to consider the production and degradation of this short-living GHG. Characterizing greenhouse gases by how they warm our atmosphere instead of the number of emissions produced is a better metric for the true impact of the emissions on atmospheric warming.

The goal of this research is to use GWP* to analyze the impact of potential GHG emissions scenarios from California dairy and the impact of those scenarios on atmospheric warming. Utilizing GWP* can help discern when an industry or sector has achieved climate neutrality or no annual warming contributions from industry. This paper also investigates the necessary amount of CH
4
reduction needed and the time point at which the dairy sector can achieve climate neutrality. The scenarios are business-as-usual (BAU), 40% reduction in manure CH
4
emissions (40 MAN) by applying anaerobic digestion and its alternative technologies, and 40 MAN along with a 10.6% reduction in enteric fermentation CH
4
emissions via 1/3 of California’s cows fed the feed additive 3-nitrooxypropanol (40 MAN+EF). Under GWP100 in 2030, carbon dioxide equivalents (CO
2
e) for the 40 MAN and the 40 MAN + EF scenarios were reduced by 18 and 22%, respectively compared to the BAU. For all three scenarios, the relative warming impact of the industry decreased over time due to constant herd sizes and total annual emissions. By aggressively decreasing CH
4
emissions under the 40 MAN and 40 MAN+EF scenarios, there is the possibility for the California dairy industry to reach climate neutrality by the year 2027. These scenarios have more CH
4
naturally removed in the atmosphere than is emitted, thus lowering atmospheric contributions from the industry. These scenarios could be adopted by dairies in other states and countries to help the global dairy industry to achieve climate goals through persistent CH
4
mitigation.
Selective area doping of GaN toward high-power applications
Authors: Ferreyra Romualdo Alejandro , Li Bingjun , Wang Sizhen , Han Jung
Published: May 2023

Selective area doping in GaN, especially p-type, is a critical and inevitable building block for the realization of advanced device structures for high-power applications, including, but not limited to, current-aperture vertical electron transistors, junction termination extensions, junction barrier Schottky diodes, junction field-effect transistors (JFETs), vertical-channel JFETs, U-shaped metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors (U-MOSFETs), and Fin MOSFETs. This paper reviews and summarizes some of the recent advances in the fields of selective area etching and regrowth, ion implantation, and polarity-dependent doping that may lead to the practical realization of GaN-based power devices.
Semantic SLAM for mobile robots in dynamic environments based on visual camera sensors
Authors: Zhang Qi , Li Changdi
Published: May 2023

Visual simultaneous localization and mapping (vSLAM) is inherently constrained by the static world assumption, which renders success in the presence of dynamic objects rather challenging. In this paper, we propose a real-time semantic vSLAM system designed for both indoor and outdoor dynamic environments. By employing object detection, we identify 80 categories and utilize motion consistency checks to pinpoint outliers in each image. Distinct methods are presented for examining the motion states of humans and other objects. For detected humans, an algorithm is introduced to assess whether an individual is seated, subsequently dividing the bounding boxes of seated individuals into two parts based on human body proportions. We then use the same threshold values for standing individuals to determine the states of the two boxes belonging to seated individuals. For non-human objects, we propose an algorithm capable of automatically adjusting the threshold values for different bounding boxes, thereby ensuring consistent detection performance across various objects. Ultimately, we retain points within static boxes contained in dynamic boxes while eliminating other points in dynamic boxes to benefit from a larger number of detected categories. Our SLAM is evaluated on indoor TUM and Bonn RGB-D datasets, with further testing conducted on the outdoor stereo KITTI dataset. The results reveal that our SLAM outperforms most SLAM systems in dynamic environments. Moreover, we test our system in real-world environments with a monocular camera, demonstrating its robustness and universality across diverse settings.
Synthetic aperture radar images denoising based on multi-scale attention cascade convolutional neural network
Authors: Shan Huilin , Fu Xiangwei , Lv Zongkui , Xu Xingchen , Wang Xingtao , Zhang Yinsheng
Published: May 2023

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images are often affected by speckle noise, which can hinder accurate interpretation and subsequent use of the images in applications such as target detection and segmentation. To address this issue, we propose a denoising algorithm based on a multi-scale attention cascade convolutional neural network (MSAC-Net). Our algorithm employs multi-scale asymmetric convolution to extract image features and an attention mechanism to integrate these features. Additionally, we designed a multi-layer deep cascade convolutional network to enhance the generalization ability of the model features. Experimental results show that our proposed MSAD-Net model significantly outperforms state-of-the-art SAR image denoising algorithms. Specifically, it achieves a significant improvement in peak signal-to-noise ratio, with an increase of about 0.81–13.97 dB, and structural similarity index measure, with an increase of about 0.01–0.14. Overall, our study presents a novel denoising algorithm for SAR images that greatly improves the accuracy of subsequent image applications.
Construction of mPEI/pGPX4 gene therapeutic system for the effective treatment of acute lung injury
Authors: Wan Yu-Hang , Huan Meng-Lei , Yun Chong-Xiao , Han Tian-Yan , Zhou Si-Yuan , Song Xiao , Zhang Bang-Le
Published: May 2023

Acute lung injury (ALI) can be induced by various injury factors, which is closely related to the inflammatory reaction and cellular ferroptosis reported recently. Glutathione peroxidase (GPX4) palys an important role in the inflammatory reaction, which also is the core regulatory protein of ferroptosis. Up-regulation of GPX4 can be helpful to inhibit the cellular ferroptosis and inflammatory reaction to treat ALI. mPEI/pGPX4 gene therapeutic system based on mannitol-modified polyethyleneimine (mPEI) was constructed. Compared with PEI/pGPX4 nanoparticles using commoditized gene vector PEI 25k, mPEI/pGPX4 nanoparticles achieved caveolae-mediated endocytosis and improved the gene therapeutic effect. mPEI/pGPX4 nanoparticles could up-regulate the gene expression of GPX4, inhibit inflammatory reaction and the cellular ferroptosis, thereby alleviating the ALI in vitro and in vivo. The finding indicated that gene therapy with pGPX4 is a potential therapeutic system for the effective treatment of ALI.
Effects of electrode materials on the performance of Zr0.75Hf0.25O2-based ferroelectric thin films via post deposition annealing
Authors: Cao Yating , Zhang Wei , Shi Yuxuan , Xiao Jingchao , Li Yubao
Published: May 2023

In this work, the effects of top electrode (TE) and bottom electrode (BE) on the ferroelectric properties of zirconia-based Zr0.75Hf0.25O2 (ZHO) thin films annealed by post-deposition annealing (PDA) are investigated in detail. Among W/ZHO/BE capacitors (BE = W, Cr or TiN), W/ZHO/W delivered the highest ferroelectric remanent polarization and the best endurance performance, revealing that the BE with a smaller coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) plays a vital role in enhancing the ferroelectricity of fluorite-structure ZHO. For TE/ZHO/W structures (TE = W, Pt, Ni, TaN or TiN), the stability of TE metals seems to have a larger impact on the performance over their CTE values. This work provides a guideline to modulate and optimize the ferroelectric performance of PDA-treated ZHO-based thin films.
Spin pumping in NbRe/Co superconductor-ferromagnet heterostructures
Authors: Cirillo Carla , Rovirola Marc , González Carla , Casals Blai , Hernàndez Joan Manel , Macià Ferran , García-Santiago Antoni , Attanasio Carmine
Published: May 2023

Ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) spectroscopy measurements were performed on NbRe/Co/NbRe trilayers in order to probe spin pumping across the superconductor/ferromagnet interface and to detect the possible presence of spin-triplet pairing in the superconducting NbRe layer. FMR spectra were acquired as a function of frequency, magnetic field, and temperature, and reveal that the Gilbert damping parameter associated with spin pumping remains almost constant as temperature goes down through the superconducting transition. Additionally, the dependence of the Gilbert damping parameter on the thickness of the NbRe layer in trilayers is used to determine the values of the spin mixing conductance at the interface (

18
−
21

 nm−2) and the spin diffusion length (

7.1
−
12.5

nm) in the NbRe layer. These findings may suggest that spin pumping would still be effective even though NbRe becomes superconducting, which would indicate that the spin-triplet would be the dominant pairing mechanism. Future experiments are proposed in light of these results.
Novel symmetric structures and explicit solutions to a coupled Hunter-Saxton equation
Authors: Zhao Qiulan , Wang Huanjin , Li Xinyue
Published: May 2023

In the current study, novel symmetric structures to a coupled Hunter-Saxton equation are synthetically investigated. These novel symmetric structures include Lie symmetries, discrete symmetries, nonlocally related systems, and μ-symmetries. Lie symmetries and μ-symmetries are then used to derive explicit invariant solutions. Based on the established optimal system, the coupled Hunter-Saxton equation can be reduced to rich ordinary differential equations by the Lie group transformation. Its group invariant solutions are thus obtained. Discrete symmetries to the coupled Hunter-Saxton equation are constructed utilizing Lie symmetries, which can help calculate new solutions from known explicit solutions. Moreover, nonlocally related systems of the coupled Hunter-Saxton equation are completed, which contain potential systems and inverse potential systems based on conservation laws and Lie symmetries, respectively. Furthermore, without using the group theory, more plentiful similarity reductions and similarity solutions to the coupled Hunter-Saxton equation are produced by employing the direct reduction method. Another class of symmetric structures to the coupled Hunter-Saxton equation explored in this paper are μ-symmetries, which are given by matching an integrable and horizontal one-form μ = Λ
x

dx + Λ
t

dt for Lie symmetries. Hence, μ-reductions, explicit solutions and μ-conservation laws can be determined by μ-symmetries. In addition, polynomial solutions are researched by considering the linear invariant subspaces admitted by the coupled Hunter-Saxton equation. Several explicit invariant solutions are described by graphs ultimately.
The Mid-infrared Instrument for JWST and Its In-flight Performance
Authors: Wright Gillian S. , Rieke George H. , Glasse Alistair , Ressler Michael , García Marín Macarena , Aguilar Jonathan , Alberts Stacey , Álvarez-Márquez Javier , Argyriou Ioannis , Banks Kimberly , Baudoz Pierre , Boccaletti Anthony , Bouchet Patrice , Bouwman Jeroen , Brandl Bernard R. , Breda David , Bright Stacey , Cale Steven , Colina Luis , Cossou Christophe , Coulais Alain , Cracraft Misty , De Meester Wim , Dicken Daniel , Engesser Michael , Etxaluze Mireya , Fox Ori D. , Friedman Scott , Fu Henry , Gasman Danny , Gáspár András , Gastaud René , Geers Vincent , Glauser Adrian Michael , Gordon Karl D. , Greene Thomas , Greve Thomas R. , Grundy Timothy , Güdel Manuel , Guillard Pierre , Haderlein Peter , Hashimoto Ryan , Henning Thomas , Hines Dean , Holler Bryan , Detre Örs Hunor , Jahromi Amir , James Bryan , Jones Olivia C. , Justtanont Kay , Kavanagh Patrick , Kendrew Sarah , Klaassen Pamela , Krause Oliver , Labiano Alvaro , Lagage Pierre-Olivier , Lambros Scott , Larson Kirsten , Law David , Lee David , Libralato Mattia , Alverez Jose Lorenzo , Meixner Margaret , Morrison Jane , Mueller Migo , Murray Katherine , Mycroft Matthew , Myers Richard , Nayak Omnarayani , Naylor Bret , Nickson Bryony , Noriega-Crespo Alberto , Östlin Göran , O’Sullivan Brian , Ottens Richard , Patapis Polychronis , Penanen Konstantin , Pietraszkiewicz Martin , Ray Tom , Regan Michael , Roteliuk Anthony , Royer Pierre , Samara-Ratna Piyal , Samuelson Bridget , Sargent Beth A. , Scheithauer Silvia , Schneider Analyn , Schreiber Jürgen , Shaughnessy Bryan , Sheehan Evan , Shivaei Irene , Sloan G. C. , Tamas Laszlo , Teague Kelly , Temim Tea , Tikkanen Tuomo , Tustain Samuel , van Dishoeck Ewine F. , Vandenbussche Bart , Weilert Mark , Whitehouse Paul , Wolff Schuyler
Published: May 2023

The Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) extends the reach of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) to 28.5 μm. It provides subarcsecond-resolution imaging, high sensitivity coronagraphy, and spectroscopy at resolutions of λ/Δλ ∼ 100–3500, with the high-resolution mode employing an integral field unit to provide spatial data cubes. The resulting broad suite of capabilities will enable huge advances in studies over this wavelength range. This overview describes the history of acquiring this capability for JWST. It discusses the basic attributes of the instrument optics, the detector arrays, and the cryocooler that keeps everything at approximately 7 K. It gives a short description of the data pipeline and of the instrument performance demonstrated during JWST commissioning. The bottom line is that the telescope and MIRI are both operating to the standards set by pre-launch predictions, and all of the MIRI capabilities are operating at, or even a bit better than, the level that had been expected. The paper is also designed to act as a roadmap to more detailed papers on different aspects of MIRI.
Revisiting Emission-line Measurement Methods for Narrow-line Active Galactic Nuclei
Authors: Khatu Viraja C. , Gallagher Sarah C. , Horne Keith , Cackett Edward M. , Hu Chen , Du Pu , Wang Jian-Min , Bian Wei-Hao , Bai Jin-Ming , Chen Yong-Jie , Hall Patrick , Jiang Bo-Wei , Li Sha-Sha , Li Yan-Rong , Pasquini Sofia , Songsheng Yu-Yang , Wang Chan , Xiao Ming , Yu Zhe
Published: May 2023

Measuring broad emission-line widths in active galactic nuclei (AGN) is not straightforward owing to the complex nature of flux variability in these systems. Line width measurements become especially challenging when the signal-to-noise ratio is low, profiles are narrower, or spectral resolution is low. We conducted an extensive correlation analysis between emission-line measurements from the optical spectra of Markarian 142 (Mrk 142; a narrow-line Seyfert galaxy) taken with the Gemini North Telescope (Gemini) at a spectral resolution of 185.6 ± 10.2 km s−1 and the Lijiang Telescope (LJT) at 695.2 ± 3.9 km s−1 to investigate the disparities in the measured broad-line widths from both telescopes’ data. Due to its narrow broad-line profiles, which were severely affected by instrumental broadening in the lower-resolution LJT spectra, Mrk 142 posed a challenge. We discovered that allowing the narrow-line flux of permitted lines having broad and narrow components to vary during spectral fitting caused a leak in the narrow-line flux to the broad component, resulting in broader broad-line widths in the LJT spectra. Fixing the narrow-line flux ratios constrained the flux leak and yielded the Hβ broad-line widths from LJT spectra ∼54% closer to the Gemini Hβ widths than with flexible narrow-line ratios. The availability of spectra at different resolutions presented this unique opportunity to inspect how spectral resolution affected emission-line profiles in our data and adopt a unique method to accurately measure broad-line widths. Reconsidering line measurement methods while studying diverse AGN populations is critical for the success of future reverberation-mapping studies. Based on the technique used in this work, we offer recommendations for measuring line widths in narrow-line AGN.
WISE J141530.7+592234: A Very Low Mass Ratio Contact Binary with Significant Light Curve Variations
Authors: Guo Difu , Li Kai , Liu Fen , Li Huaizhen , Liu Xinyi , Chen Xu
Published: May 2023

Multi-band photometric observations and period investigations of the total eclipsing binary WISE J141530.7+592234 (hereinafter J141530), whose mass ratio close to the low mass ratio limit, were carried out for the first time. The stellar atmospheric parameters of the primary component were calculated by the spectral fitting, yielding the following results: T
eff = 5890 ± 22 K, [Fe/H] = 0.01 ± 0.03 dex, log g = 4.53 ± 0.04 cm s−2. Our observations show that the light curve of V-band on May 2 is about 0.1 mag brighter than that observed in February and March at phase 0.6. Comparing with the small amplitude (about 0.2 mag), the variations are remarkable. Meanwhile, obvious light curve variations and quick reversal of O’Connell effects are found in Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite data, which is likely caused by magnetic activity. Photometric solutions derived from multi-band light curves indicate that J141530 has a high contact degree (f ∼ 70%) and a very low mass ratio (q ∼ 0.0546). Based on the O − C diagram, a long-term period increase was found. The period increase rate is calculated to be dP/dt = 3.90 × 10−7 day yr−1, which can be explained by mass transfer from the low mass component to the large mass component. By analyzing the merging criterion, such as the ratio of spin angular momentum (J
spin) to the orbital angular momentum (J
orb), the instability separation and the instability mass ratio, J141530 can be regarded as a potential progenitor of luminous red novae.
All-optical control of optical bistability in a hybrid system
Authors: Aravindhan Surendar , Altalbawy Farag M A , Sapaev I B , Shoja Sarah Jawad , Abbass Rathab , Kareem A K , Abdulfadhil Gatea M
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we study the tunneling induced optical bistability (OB) in a quantum dot (QD)-metallic nanoparticle (MNP) hybrid system via surface plasmon effects. We realized that in the presence of the tunneling effect, OB arises when the probe light is parallel to the major axis of the hybrid system. We realized the threshold of OB can be controlled by controlling the distance parameter between the QD and MNP. For appropriate distance between the QD and MNP, we find that optical multistability (OM) appears in the system. We find that the threshold of OM can be adjusted when we consider the radius effect of the MNP, respectively.
Pushover analysis of multi-storey concrete structures
Authors: Zihni Muhamad , Suwondo Riza , Suangga Made
Published: May 2023

Indonesia is located at the confluence of three main tectonic plates which makes it one of the countries with the highest earthquake risk in the world. Recorded experiences has showed that the earthquake cause damage to buildings particularly multi-storey building structures. The purpose of this study is to determine the performance level of multi-storey reinforced concrete structures using a performance-based design method based on the ATC-40 and FEMA 440 regulations. The buildings in this study are 4-storey and 8-storey buildings. The effect of column size, beam size, and concrete quality are investigated. This study results the performance level, capacity curve, level of effectiveness of variations based on pushover analysis using the ATC-40 and FEMA 440. It can be concluded that the building structure is considered as Operational category based on the ATC-40 and FEMA 440 regulations. On the other hand, for the level of effectiveness of variations in building structures, it is more effective to enlarge the column cross-sectional dimensions and increase the height of the beam for 4-storey and 8-storey buildings, respectively.
Building infrastructure analysis using total station and unmanned aerial vehicle drone for surveying and modelling
Authors: Putra A B , Arumsari P , Cahyono C , Sarigih J F B , Kosalim V
Published: May 2023

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) drones and Total Stations are two of some methods and tools used to conduct surveys on areas or building buildings. A UAV is a flying machine that functions with remote control by the pilot or can control itself, uses aerodynamic laws to lift itself, can reusable and can carry certain payloads. A total station is a device that is a combination of electronic theodolite, Electronic Distance Meter, and software that serves as a data collector and processor. The implementation of land surveying is one of the stages of the implementation of infrastructure development. Land survey itself is a way or method to evaluate land to get data directly from the field. Survey activities consist of field activities, making data analysis, interpretation of objectives and making survey reports. In this modern period, the technology to conduct land / land surveys often develops, namely with the total station and the use of UAV drone technology. The study aims to analyse and compare the capabilities of UAV Drones and Total Stations.
Study of rainwater harvesting as a water conservation in mall building in South Tangerang
Authors: Rhamadita Tiara Suci , Setyandito Oki , Novandy  , Anda Martin
Published: May 2023

Most of the population in Indonesia uses groundwater to meet the need for clean water. With the rapid population growth, there has been an increase in the conversion of open space land into residential, offices, and commercial areas. The land conversion increases the impervious surface throughout the city and could impact the availability of clean water in the future. Implementation of water conservation is needed to ensure long term availability of clean water. Rainwater harvesting systems are one of the methods to utilize rainwater as an alternate clean water source and water conservation. This study aims to calculate the volume of rainwater harvested in mall building in South Tangerang using EPA-SWMM to design a rainwater reservoir. The result of this study is an average of 80 m3/day of rainwater harvested from mall building in South Tangerang. The design for the reservoir is rectangular with dimensions of H 4 m × W 18.3 m × W 6.5 m and a capacity of 476.06 m3.
Raw Water Network Planning in Bate Village, Keerom Regency, Jayapura, Papua
Authors: Octaviani Elvin Veldarista , Cahyono Christian , Siek Michael
Published: May 2023

Water is one of the most invaluable resource and has many uses for human life. Managing water has become more critical has become one of the concern of sustainability problems. One of sustainability issues in the rural drinking water is increasing water demand. so it is become important to make planning for Water network to fulfil the demand. The purpose of the research is to plan good and correct raw water in order to meet the needs of the people of Kampung Bate in order to meet their daily clean Water Demand of the people of Kampung Bate. The research method used in this study is to use manual calculations and hydraulic modeling with the help of the EPANET application. The results of this study are piping criteria such as pipe diameters used for projections of 20, 30, and 50 years having a diameter range of 1/2’' - 2.5’' m with a pipe length of 14.38 - 260 m. the dimensions of broncaptering are 2.5 m × 2.5 m × 3.5 m, with 6 gabion traps and a gabion b trap size of 2 m and a gabion t trap of 0.5 m
Biophilic Concept Analysis in The Interior of a Post-New Normal Residential Home
Authors: Wijaya Ida Bagus Ananta
Published: May 2023

A residential house is a basic necessity owned by everyone. In general, people are in the house staying at rest, gathering with family, and some for work. During the Covid-19 pandemic, activities carried out outdoors became limited. All work activities that previously existed outside the home were changed to inside the house or WFH (Work from Home). Even though it has become a new normal era, work from home activities are still ongoing today. With this condition, people become thinking about making the interior of the residential room comfortable. One way to make a room comfortable is to apply the Biophilic concept in the form of adding elements of indoor plants. The problem that often occurs is an error in placing or choosing the type of plant, so that it actually makes the room uncomfortable. In this study, we will examine the optimization of the Biophilic concept applied to the interior of a residential house. A mix method, which mixes quantitative and qualitative data, was employed in this investigation. The findings of this study are anticipated to serve as a guide for creating a residential home’s interior with a biophilic idea that has a visible link to nature.
Vernacular Architecture Residential in Lasem with Batik Pattern Latohan in Interior
Authors: Rachmayanti S , Salim P , Roesli C , Hartono H
Published: May 2023

Indonesia has lots of batik culture. Every area has their own specific batik pattern. One of famous batik industry with specific batik pattern is Lasem. This specific Lasem pattern need to preserved for sustainability purpose. This study tried to applied latohan as one of special pattern in Lasem to residential interior. The purpose of this study is to maintain the sustainability of the batik Lasem pattern. In line with the Lasem vernacular building which is used as a case study. The building has been qualified as a green building and a sustainable building. The application of batik pattern in interior house in line with the goal of preservation, both building and interior. The research problem statement is how to applied latohan Lasem batik pattern into residential building for sustainable purpose. The research objective is to applied latohan pattern in interior as sustainable system in vernacular architecture residential locating in Lasem. This research is using qualitative method. Hendry’s family residence as a case study to applied latohan Lasem in the interior. This house is a good old colonial building with green architecture. The result of this study that vernacular architecture residential building is a suitable place to applied specific latohan pattern according for sustainable purposed.