bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation of the past learning recognition programme for village officials to achieve village Sustainable Development Goals (SDGS)
Authors: Meirinawati Meirinawati , Prabawati Indah , Fanida Eva Hany , Fitrie Revienda Anita
Published: September 2024

To achieve the fourth goal of the Village SDGs to realize quality village education, the Ministry of Villages in collaboration with the Ministry of Education and Culture and the Ministry of Home Affairs. In 2022, the pilot development of the RPL Village program will be implemented in Bojonegoro District Government, East Java Province. This type of research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach using the Purposive Sampling technique. Data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation studies. Data analysis using the Van Meter and Van Horn approach. The results of this study are, (1) Indicators of policy standards and objectives, RPL is a learning outcome through formal, non-formal, informal education, or work experience into formal education, (2) Indicators of resources, Kemendes PDTT and scholarship funders through a pilot program by the Bojonegoro Regency Government to provide UKT, (3) Indicators of implementing activities and inter-organizational communication, the lecture begins with an opening by the implementer so that students know and know, (4)—indicators of the characteristics of the implementing agency or organization.
Bibliometric analysis of adaptive physical education in inclusive education to promote Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Umar Fadilah , Misbah Misbah , Jannah Miftakhul , Mahakeeta Ann
Published: September 2024

Adaptive physical education (APE) is important to implement the inclusive schools. This research aims to map previous research regarding APE in inclusive education. This research was carried out using a bibliometric approach. This research procedure was carried out by collecting data, analyzing the limitations, and visualizing the data. Searching documents from the Scopus database with the keywords “adaptive physical education” and “inclusive education” obtained 41 documents. restricted “in English”; There are 28 documents publications on APE in inclusive education have increased periodically from 1995 to 2022. Disability and Rehabilitation is one of the journals that publishes many papers on APE in inclusive education. The United States is a productive country that has done a lot of research on this topic. Sowers et al., are the researchers who have published the most on this topic. In the last two years, APE in inclusive education has often been associated with adaptive equipment, special education, educational technology, assistive technology, teacher training, disabilities, pedagogy, teaching and learning, and Covid 19. These findings indicate that research on APE in inclusive education is still small but it is expected to increase in the coming years. In addition, a comprehensive study on this topic is hoped to encourage sustainable development goals (SDGs), especially area 4, ensuring quality education that is inclusive and equitable for all.
Enhancing the SDGs 4 through global curriculum and international partnerships to advance the employability of the university graduates
Authors: Andari Shelly , Naphatthalung Nopppakao , Nugraha Jaka , Karwanto Karwanto , Trihantoyo Syunu , Widiyanah Ima
Published: September 2024

The quality assurance is a cycle that must be continuously carried out by higher education institutions to enhance the quality of education provision. An internal quality assurance an conducted independently by the institutions. Meanwhile, external quality assurance is implemented by external quality assurance agencies, both nationally and internationally, by the policies of each country as well as in Indonesia. This research will focus on how international accreditation of academic programs in Indonesian universities affects the employability of graduates. This study finds out: (1) To what extent does study program’s curriculum accommodate global competencies that have to be mastered by graduates? and (2) To what extent does study program’s partnership accelerate graduates to be employed by reputable employers? This study uses a qualitative approach and a multicases study in three undergraduate programs accredited internationally. As a result, the study programs were periodically updating the curriculum and integrated global competencies to enhance the adaptability of graduates. Furthermore, it was followed by a career preparation program that is organized by the study program. In summary, pursuing SDGs 4, quality education, the study program must answer the gap of the instructional process and job market. One of the solution is tackling the challenge with the opportunity to develop and accelerate quality education in the context of higher education institution.
Development and evaluation of a morphing concept for NACA-63418 airfoil for improved wind energy conversion
Authors: Molale Tshepho B. , Zang Bin , Ho Weihua
Published: September 2024

In areas with low winds, generating enough power from wind turbines is a challenging task. In such conditions, efficient conversion of wind kinetic energy is crucial. Therefore, there is a need to develop turbine blades that can dynamically adapt to changes in wind conditions. This work investigates a morphing concept for a HAWT turbine using numerical tools. Q-blade, a solver package based on potential flow and blade element momentum theories, is used to calculate power produced from a simulated morphing rotor and compared to a baseline rigid rotor. ANSYS Fluent, a commercial finite volume CFD solver, simulates the aerodynamic forces of the dynamically morphing airfoil. A morphing function is developed and used to modify the geometry of the NACA-63418 baseline airfoil to adapt to wind speed changes. The developed morphing concept generates new airfoil shapes by transforming the coordinates of NACA-63418 into variant airfoils based on a deformation parameter φ, 0≤φ ≤1. The morphing concept provides up to 5% enhancement in turbine power. In addition, a 3% increase in annual energy production is estimated.
Power Systems Transition Using Biofuels, Carbon Capture and Synthetic Methane Storage
Authors: Sauhats Antans , Zalostiba Diana , Utans Andrejs , Petrichenko Roman
Published: September 2024

Energy storage solutions are essential for enabling the deployment of large-scale renewable energy sources to achieve a low-emission and climate-neutral future. This paper evaluates the adequacy of energy systems by examining the utilization of carbon capture, hydrogen, and synthetic methane production and storage in existing or new power plants that use biofuels (incl. biomass). The selected approach holds particular promise in Latvia due to the presence of numerous bioenergy plants, a large underground gas storage facility, and the ongoing and planned rapid development of solar and wind power plants. We use a power systems simulation model that includes sub-models of various energy sources and interconnections with Sweden, Finland, and Poland, considering NORDPOOL electricity market rules. The methodology used incorporates investment volume, electricity price forecasting, and renewable energy potential planning. The preliminary results demonstrate that Latvia’s natural gas infrastructure makes carbon capture and synthetic methane storage technically and economically feasible, with a 17.8% return on assets. The economic feasibility of a hybrid power plant in the Baltic power system warrants further detailed investigation.
Economical and Socio-Environmental Analysis of CO2 Compression for CCUS Projects
Authors: da Costa Gabriel de F. , Young André F. , Cavalcante Raquel M.
Published: September 2024

Considering that Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS) plants will become more important due to the need for mitigation of CO2 emissions, it is important to study this kind of plant regarding not only technical but also economic and socio-environmental aspects. In this work, a CO2 compression unit was assessed regarding (i) technical; (ii) economic; and (iii) socio-environmental aspects, and the results were compared for cases with 1 to 6 stages of compression. The compression strategy using only one stage proved to be the most economically feasible. With regard to socio-environmental indicators, the strategy with 6 stages proved to be the most efficient with lower energy and water consumption, smaller carbon footprint and lower tax collection. When economic, environmental and social aspects are taken into account, the best strategy to be chosen is the CO2 compression with 2 stages.
Impact of Shading and Glazing Types of Trombe Walls on the Carbon Footprint of Residential Buildings in Morocco
Authors: Idouanaou Abdessamad , Cherqi Oumayma , Malha Mustapha , Bah Abdellah
Published: September 2024

This paper investigates the impact of shading and glazing types on the performance of Trombe walls in reducing the carbon footprint of Moroccan residential buildings. Trombe walls, as passive solar heating systems, offer significant potential for energy savings and carbon emissions reduction in residential constructions. Our study evaluates various shading devices and glazing materials to determine their effectiveness in optimizing thermal performance and minimizing energy consumption. Through simulation, we analyze the influence of different configurations on indoor temperature regulation and overall energy efficiency. The findings highlight that Triple Clear (TG 3-13) glazing achieves a substantial 22.5% annual decrease in CO2 emissions compared to buildings without Trombe walls, while local shading for this glazing type increases emissions by 4.5%. Additionally, dynamic window shading controlled by a predefined schedule reduces emissions by 2% annually compared to static glazing setups. These results underscore the critical role of glazing selection and shading strategies in enhancing sustainability and reducing carbon footprints in Moroccan residential buildings. This research contributes to the development of energy-efficient building practices, supporting Morocco’s commitment to reducing its carbon footprint and promoting environmental sustainability.
Diversity of biting midges, mosquitoes and sand flies at four dog shelters in rural and peri-urban areas of Central Morocco
Authors: Zahri Abderrahmane , Ahlamine Mehdi , Abou-Elaaz Fatima-Zahra , Talimi Hasnaa , El Berbri Ikhlass , Balenghien Thomas , Bourquia Maria
Published: September 2024

Blood-feeding arthropods are involved in the transmission of several pathogens that have a major impact on public health. Entomological investigations highlighted the composition, abundance, and diversity of flying hematophagous arthropods at four dog shelters located in central Morocco during an eight-month study, with the aim of discussing their vectorial roles and assessing the risk of these shelters as foci for zoonotic diseases. Monitoring of the arthropod fauna for 64 catch nights resulted in the collection of 2,321 biting midges (Ceratopogonidae), 570 mosquitoes (Culicidae), and 475 sand flies (Psychodidae). Fourteen Culicoides species were recorded and dominant species were Culicoides imicola (55.96%), C. paolae (16.07%), C. circumscriptus (10.29%), and C. newsteadi (5.77%). Three mosquito species were collected, including Culex pipiens s.l. (96.84%), Culiseta longiareolata (2.80%), and Cx. perexiguus (0.36%). Ten sand fly species were collected, including seven Phlebotomus species (62.70%) and three Sergentomyia species (37.30%); Sergentomyia minuta was the most dominant species (34.31%), followed by Phlebotomus sergenti (32.42%), typical Ph. perniciosus (8.63%), Ph. alexandri (6.94%), and Ph. riouxi (6.52%). The coexistence of several vectors in these study areas indicates the potential circulation of a wide range of pathogens, including zoonotic ones, thus requiring the implementation of surveillance and control programs to prevent the emergence and spread of disease outbreaks.
Dual carbon economy modeling in advanced economies
Authors: Xu Sheng , Gu Weiyu
Published: September 2024

Utilizing the cross-sectional fully modified OLS (FMOLS) method, this paper tackles the pressing need to address climate change disasters, particularly in the context of recent COVID-19 restrictions. By developing an econometric model specifically for advanced economies, the study aims to enhance understanding and reduce carbon emissions. Examining ten advanced economies from 1995 to 2019, it identifies a significant gap in the literature concerning the integration of demographic, social, economic, and political (DSEP) factors in dual carbon economy models. The results show that a 1% improvement in good governance is associated with a 0.23% reduction in carbon footprint, due to stricter environmental regulations. In contrast, a 1% increase in economic growth results in a 0.17% rise in carbon footprint, driven by industrial activities. Similarly, a 1% rise in electricity consumption leads to a 0.32% increase in carbon footprint, reflecting dependence on fossil fuels. Additionally, a 1% increase in population size corresponds to a 0.21% rise in carbon footprint, linked to higher urban energy consumption. Finally, a 1% increase in the poverty ratio results in a 0.17% rise in carbon footprint, underscoring the influence of socio-economic factors on sustainability. The paper advocates for a comprehensive approach to fostering a dual carbon economy, emphasizing green economic growth, smart, sustainable cities, social sustainability literacy, and sustainable governance.
A phase-correction approach for enhancing mid-infrared electro-optic sampling in highly nonlinear and dispersive birefringent crystals
Authors: Carnio Brett Nathan , Zhang Mingyuan , Moutanabbir Oussama , Elezzabi Abdulhakem Youssef
Published: September 2024

Spectral content in the mid-infrared range is recorded experimentally via a (110)-cut ZnGeP2 electro-optic sampling crystal followed by a ZnGeP2 phase-correction crystal, with the two crystals oriented to exhibit offsetting birefringences on the electric fields associated with the electro-optic sampling process. An enhancement of >13 times is observed in the recorded electro-optic signal (when comparing the electro-optic signals obtained in the presence and absence of the phase-correction crystal). A transfer function embodying this phase-corrected electro-optic sampling approach is derived and subsequently implemented to identify unique spectral features observed in the experimentally recorded electro-optic spectra.
Invertible neural network combined with dynamic mode decomposition applied to flow field feature extraction and prediction
Authors: Hou Xiao , Zhang Jin , Fang Le
Published: September 2024

The prediction error of the neural network feature extraction methods based on Koopman theory is relatively high due to the non-invertibility of the observable functions. To solve this problem, a novel deep learning architecture named invertible neural network combined with dynamic mode decomposition (INN-DMD) is proposed in this work and is applied to flow field feature extraction and prediction. The INN is used as a vectorized observable function that maps the flow field snapshots from the state space to the latent space. Then, the snapshots on the latent space are decomposed and reconstructed by the DMD algorithm. The proposed method is tested by analyzing the direct simulation results of the flow around a two-dimensional (2D) cylinder at Reynolds number equal to 9×104 and the flow around a 2D NACA (National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics) 0012 airfoil at Reynolds number equal to 2×105. The proposed INN-DMD is also compared to conventional methods such as DMD and Koopman autoencoder combined with DMD (KAE-DMD). Results indicate that INN-DMD predicts the turbulent flow field dataset with greater precision and better stability, using the same number of network parameters, due to its invertibility. INN-DMD is one to two orders of magnitude more accurate than DMD and KAE-DMD using about a quarter of the computational resources, and it shows two orders of magnitude stability improvement compared to the conventional KAE method.
A numerical study of swirl flow in U-bends: In-depth understanding of vortex evolution and cooling performance
Authors: Han Shaohua , Xiang Zhen , Liu Qilong , Qi Shizhen , Huo Tianyi , Zhang Runsheng , Zhou Leping , Li Li , Zhang Hui , Du Xiaoze
Published: September 2024

This work numerically investigated the improvement of flow and heat transfer characteristics (HTC) of swirl flow in U-bends, with the goal of enhancing internal cooling in turbine blades. Simulations were conducted to gain an in-depth understanding of the flow patterns and HTCs of U-bends with a diameter of 40 mm. It studied conditions with curvature ratios of 0.6–1.4, initial swirl numbers of 4.451–14.923, and axial Reynolds numbers of 10 000–50 000. The results show that the curvature ratio has a significant impact on the swirl flow. When the curvature ratio is small, cross flow induced by centrifugal forces causes the swirl flow direction at the outlet to be opposite to that at the inlet. Swirl flow significantly affects the flow and HTC within the U-bends. The essence of enhanced heat transfer in swirl flow within the bend is the interaction among the circumferential vortex, the cross-flow vortex, and the separation vortex, which enhances the fluid disturbance and improves the coordination of velocity and temperature gradients. However, while the HTC is enhanced, it also results in higher pressure loss. Finally, empirical correlations for Nu, S, and f in both axial and swirl flow in the U-bends were derived from the simulations, meeting industrial accuracy requirements. This study uncovers the processes that improve the HTC in swirl flow in U-bends, providing a theoretical foundation for applying swirl flow technology in internal cooling.
Highly stable and bright CsPbI3 nanocrystal red emitters based on color-conversion from InGaN-based blue light-emitting diodes
Authors: Yokota Daisuke , Abe Haruka , Saito Shingo , Yanagihashi Kento , Chiba Takayuki , Oto Takao
Published: September 2024

Toward the super-smart society, next-generation display technologies with ultra-small size and high resolution are required. MicroLEDs are promising key technologies for next-generation full-color displays, and the external quantum efficiency in the red region should be improved. To improve red emission efficiency, we propose color-conversion red emitters combined with blue InGaN LEDs and lead-halide perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) by using a coating process. We improved the stability of PNCs under photoexcitation by dispersing them in a methacrylate-based polymer binder, probably because of the suppressed ligand desorption and nonradiative surface recombination process. PNC films were bonded onto a blue InGaN LED to fabricate a color-conversion LED, demonstrating almost complete red conversion with higher optical performance (power density: 3.5 mW/cm2; luminance: 1.9 × 103 cd/m2) at a high current density (270 mW/cm2). This performance was achieved while maintaining the same level of external quantum efficiency (26.2%) and device lifetime (103 h) as those reported for the current PNC red LEDs. Therefore, the color-conversion LED may be a milestone in improving the device performance over the entire visible region and realizing low-cost microLED applications.
Water vapor adsorption on the mixtures of swelling and non-swelling clays
Authors: Du Xidong , Wang Wei , Zhou Junping , Wang Guangjin , Zhang Dengfeng , Jia Yunzhong , Duan Minke , Cheng Yugang , Wang Hui , Zeng Mengru
Published: September 2024

Comprehending water molecules adsorption mechanism on clays is crucial to hydraulic fracturing technology application in clay-rich shale formation. In this research, the adsorption of water vapor on non-swelling of kaolinite (Kaol), swelling clay of montmorillonite (Mt), and their three different mixtures (75:25/Mt:Kaol, 50:50/Mt:Kaol and 25:75/Mt:Kaol) was studied. The effect of mixing ratio of Mt and Kaol on the adsorption process of water vapor was discussed. The obtained findings display that the swelling clay of Mt possesses the greater water vapor adsorption ability than the non-swelling clay of Kaol. Enhancing the mass ratio of Mt in the mixture can obviously improve the uptake for water vapor. For Mt, primary adsorption exhibits a more apparent effect on the adsorption of water vapor adsorption. For Kaol, the effect of secondary adsorption on water vapor adsorption is more significant. With increasing mass ratio of Kaol in the mixture, the difference between secondary adsorption and primary adsorption gradually decreases. The affinity of water vapor adsorption on Mt is the biggest, followed by 75:25/Mt:Kaol, 50:50/Mt:Kaol, 25:75/Mt:Kaol, and Kaol, in sequence. Mt has the highest surface potential, and surface potential for Kaol is the lowest. There is a positive relationship between surface potential and the mass ratio of Mt in the mixture. As the pressure increases, Gibbs free energy change quickly enhances and then decreases. The reduction of adsorption spontaneity on Kaol under high pressure is more manifest. Water vapor adsorption spontaneity on clay mixture is improved by enlarging mass ratio of Mt in the mixture.
Molecular influence on nuclear-quadrupole-coupling effects in laser induced alignment
Authors: Thesing Linda V. , Yachmenev Andrey , González-Férez Rosario , Küpper Jochen
Published: September 2024

We computationally studied the effect of nuclear-quadrupole interactions on the field-free impulsive alignment of different asymmetric-top molecules. Our analysis is focused on the influence of the hyperfine- and rotational-energy-level structures. These depend on the number of nuclear spins, the rotational constants, and the symmetry of the tensors involved in the nuclear spin and external field interactions. Comparing the prototypical large-nuclear-spin molecules iodobenzene, 1,2-diiodobenzene, 1,3-diiodobenzene, and 2,5-diiodobenzonitrile, we demonstrate that the magnitude of the hyperfine splittings compared to the rotational-energy splittings plays a crucial role in the spin-rotational dynamics after the laser pulse. Moreover, we point out that the impact of the quadrupole coupling on the rotational dynamics decreases when highly excited rotational states dominate the dynamics.
Self-locking and stiffening deployable tubular structures
Authors: Lee Ting-Uei , Lu Hongjia , Ma Jiaming , Ha Ngoc San , Gattas Joseph M. , Xie Yi Min
Published: September 2024

Deployable tubular structures, designed for functional expansion, serve a wide range of applications, from flexible pipes to stiff structural elements. These structures, which transform from compact states, are crucial for creating adaptive solutions across engineering and scientific fields. A significant barrier to advancing their performance is balancing expandability with stiffness. Using compliant materials, these structures achieve more flexible transformations than those possible with rigid mechanisms. However, they typically exhibit reduced stiffness when subjected to external pressures (e.g., tube wall loading). Here, we utilize origami-inspired techniques and internal stiffeners to meet conflicting performance requirements. A self-locking mechanism is proposed, which combines the folding behavior observed in curved-crease origami and elastic shell buckling. This mechanism employs simple shell components, including internal diaphragms that undergo pseudofolding in a confined boundary condition to enable a snap-through transition. We reveal that the deployed tube is self-locked through geometrical interference, creating a braced tubular arrangement. This arrangement gives a direction-dependent structural performance, ranging from elastic response to crushing, thereby offering the potential for programmable structures. We demonstrate that our approach can advance existing deployment mechanisms (e.g., coiled and inflatable systems) and create diverse structural designs (e.g., metamaterials, adaptive structures, cantilevers, and lightweight panels).Weanticipate our design to be a starting point to drive technological advancement in real-world deployable tubular structures.
Estimating the effects of x-ray radiations on lymphocytes by minimally invasive holographic imaging flow cytometry
Authors: Pirone Daniele , La Verde Giuseppe , Behal Jaromir , Arrichiello Cecilia , Muto Paolo , Kurelac Ivana , Bagnale Laura , Sirico Daniele Gaetano , Medugno Mario , Del Giudice Danila , Memmolo Pasquale , Bianco Vittorio , Miccio Lisa , Maffettone Pier Luca , Ferraro Pietro , Pugliese Mariagabriella
Published: September 2024

Nowadays, radiotherapy (RT) is a consolidated treatment for the cancer care. In fact, ionizing radiations are employed in over 50% of cancer patients. However, some side effects are correlated with RT, such as the radiation-induced lymphopenia (RIL). RIL is due to circulating lymphocytes (LCs) that pass through the irradiation field. LCs are the most radiosensitive blood cells, therefore RT can affect the count and activity of LCs. LCs are an important component of the human immune system, thus RIL has been linked with worse outcomes in multiple solid tumors and poor survival. As the occurrence rate of RIL is ∼40%–70% of patients treated with RT, an effective tool for predicting and minimizing RIL is highly demanded. Here we propose the proof-of-concept of a minimally invasive approach to monitor alterations induced by the radiation exposure inside LCs. To this aim, we combine label-free Holographic Imaging Flow Cytometry and Machine Learning to study Jurkat cells as model of T-LCs irradiated with two x-ray doses (i.e. 2 and 10 Gy of 6 MeV photons). The proposed method allows correlating the morphological features extracted by the quantitative phase-contrast maps of irradiated LCs flowing in a microfluidic chip to their radiation response. Furthermore, we train several machine learning models at different time points after RT for assessing the best strategy to reveal its effect on irradiated LCs. The attained results pave the way to future and deeper investigations for the development of a label-free, minimally invasive, and high-throughput tool for predicting and minimizing the RIL side effects.
The role of proton battery technologies in future global energy storage
Authors: Rezaei Niya Seyed Mohammad , Heidari Shahin , Andrews John
Published: September 2024

The very large global demand for energy storage as inherently-variable renewable-energy sources meet an increasing proportion of total electricity demand will be difficult to meet solely with existing technologies. Hence additional storage technologies that are safe and based on abundant primary resources are likely to come into play to facilitate the transition to zero net emissions at the global level. One such promising technology is the ‘proton battery’, which in its most general form is a rechargeable battery based on proton transfer and reversible electrochemical hydrogen storage. In the present review, a general definition of a proton battery is first proposed, since the term has been used broadly and somewhat inconsistently to date. The literature over the past thirty years on this technology is then critically reviewed, covering both proton batteries that meet the definition proposed in this paper as well as those that are merely self-identified. To the extent possible through published information, the performances of this range of cells are compared in terms of key parameters such as electrical energy stored per unit mass, cyclability, self-discharge and scale reached. The proton battery design developed by our group at RMIT is described in more detail, both theoretically and in terms of experimentally-measured performance, as an exemplar of a system that has already demonstrated a competitive storage capacity at a significant scale. In conclusion, potential future applications for proton batteries, and some directions for the research and development necessary to enable this potential to be realised, are proposed.
Fabrication and characterization of bioresorbable, electroactive and highly regular nanomodulated cell interfaces
Authors: Lunghi Alice , Velluto Federica , Lisa Luana Di , Genitoni Matteo , Biscarini Fabio , Focarete Maria Letizia , Gualandi Chiara , Bianchi Michele
Published: September 2024

Biomaterial-based implantable scaffolds capable of promoting physical and functional reconnection of injured spinal cord and nerves represent the latest frontier in neural tissue engineering. Here, we report the fabrication and characterization of self-standing, biocompatible and bioresorbable substrates endowed with both controlled nanotopography and electroactivity, intended for the design of transient implantable scaffolds for neural tissue engineering. In particular, we obtain conductive and nano-modulated poly(D,L-lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) free-standing films by simply iterating a replica moulding process and coating the polymer with a thin layer of poly(3,4-ethylendioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate. The capability of the substrates to retain both surface patterning and electrical properties when exposed to a liquid environment has been evaluated by atomic force microscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and thermal characterizations. In particular, we show that PLA-based films maintain their surface nano-modulation for up to three weeks of exposure to a liquid environment, a time sufficient for promoting axonal anisotropic sprouting and growth during neuronal cell differentiation. In conclusion, the developed substrates represent a novel and easily-tunable platform to design bioresorbable implantable devices featuring both topographic and electrical cues.
Current-carrying properties of REBCO multi-filamentary tapes prepared by reel-to-reel ultraviolet picosecond laser cutting
Authors: Li Zuoguang , Zhang Zhan , Bu Yuhu , Wang Donghu , Xiao Guanyu , Jin Huan , Qin Jinggang , Zhou Chao
Published: September 2024

REBCO high-temperature superconductors have been widely used in high magnetic field applications, because of their excellent critical current properties and high critical temperature. However, REBCO tape has an extremely large width-to-thickness ratio (typically in the range of 1000–10 000) which causes power dissipation to be too high in applications. One of the most effective ways to reduce AC loss is to divide the superconducting layer in the REBCO tape into filaments. The current-carrying properties degradation behavior of the prepared multi-filamentary tape is the focus of attention. In this study, REBCO multi-filamentary tapes are tested with different numbers of filaments (2-filament, 6-filament, and 10-filament) by cutting the copper-stabilizing layers and superconducting layers through a self-developed reel-to-reel ultraviolet picosecond laser cutting device. The findings indicate that the cut groove has a depth of approximately 30 μm and the width of the groove in the superconducting layer measures around 15 μm. Meanwhile, the research found that ultraviolet picosecond laser cutting does not cause substantial degradation in the I
C. Under self-field conditions at 77 K, the I
C decreases with the number of filaments, and the degradation of I
C is less than 13% in a 10-filament tape, the corresponding decrease of J
C is only about 10%. Similarly, at 4.2 K and under various high-field (10 T, 12 T, 14 T) conditions, the I
C variation trends of REBCO high-temperature superconducting (HTS) multi-filamentary tapes and non-striated tapes are fundamentally similar, both decreasing as the applied vertical magnetic field increases. Furthermore, it was found that a constant tension of 50 MPa, 100 MPa, and 200 MPa had no effect on the current-carrying properties of the REBCO HTS multi-filamentary tapes.
The influence of spin-orbit coupling on the electronic structure and optical properties of α-BiB3O6 crystals: a first-principles investigation
Authors: Yang Guang , Hu Peng , Chen Hongheng , Jing Qun
Published: September 2024

The α-BiB3O6 (BIBO) crystal is highly regarded in the field of nonlinear optical (NLO) due to its excellent ultraviolet (UV) NLO properties, including a short ultraviolet cutoff edge (270 nm), appropriate birefringence (Δn = 0.175@546 nm), and strong second harmonic generation (deff = 3.20 pm V−1). In this study, the first-principles computational software PWmat was employed to conduct theoretical calculations on BIBO crystals, including the non-negligible spin-orbit coupling (SOC) effects induced by the presence of the heavy element bismuth (Bi). The results show that after the inclusion of the SOC, the calculated birefringence (0.173@546 nm) and effective second harmonic generation (SHG) coefficient (deff = 3.16 pm V−1) are in good agreement with experimental data. Furthermore, comparative analysis has demonstrated that the changes in the band structure induced by the SOC effect are significant factors influencing the optical properties of the material.
Synchronization of Euler-Lagrangian networks: a periodic intermittent dynamic event-triggered control strategy
Authors: Wang Shuangao , Wei Bo , Yin Huan
Published: September 2024

In this paper, the synchronization problem of Euler–Lagrange networks is studied by designing periodic intermittent dynamic event-triggered control strategy. The synchronization of all agents is successfully realized by injecting negative comments into the discontinuous interval of the agents described by the Euler–Lagrange systems. Different from the traditional intermittent event-triggered control strategy, the control strategy proposed in this study introduces internal dynamic variables to expand the sampling interval of the event-triggered mechanism, thereby improving resource utilization efficiency. In addition, the event trigger instants of each agent are asynchronous. By using graph theory and Lyapunov method, the synchronization criteria of Euler–Lagrange networks are derived. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is verified by simulations for the Euler-Lagrangian network composed of six two-link rotating manipulators.
Adaptive synchronization and anti-synchronization of Julia sets generated by the competitive model
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Abbas Syed
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we study the fractal behaviour of a competitive model that describes the interaction of plankton allelopathy. This paper aims to establish synchronization and anti-synchronization of Julia sets of two competitive systems with some different parameters by using an adaptive control strategy. Firstly, a discrete version of the competitive model is obtained, and then the Julia set of the discrete version is generated by using the escape-time algorithm. Adaptive controllers and parameter update laws for unknown parameters are designed to achieve synchronization and anti-synchronization of Julia sets. Furthermore, we can determine unknown parameters of the competitive system by using this adaptive control technique. Here, the adaptive synchronization and anti-synchronization of Julia sets are accomplished by its trajectories synchronization and anti-synchronization due to the close relation of trajectories of the system with the Julia set of the system. Numerical simulations are carried out to validate several key theoretical results as well as the efficacy and accuracy of the applied methodologies. Moreover, with the help of this analysis, we can study other models of a similar type.
Core-shell nanomaterials based on La2FeCrO6 coated with metal oxides for optical applications
Authors: Ateia Ebtesam E , Gawad D , Arman M M
Published: September 2024

In this research work, the preparation of core/shell nanoparticles comprising La2FeCrO6 (LFCO) as the core was accompanied by the choice of ZnO and CuO as different shells. Structural and optical characteristics were investigated for the LFCO (core) relative to La2FeCrO6/ZnO and La2FeCrO6/CuO core/shell NPs. x-ray diffraction analyses reveal the conformation of core/shell structures within average crystallite sizes of 22.46 nm and 25.03 nm. Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were performed to provide fundamental information about the vibrational modes and the functional groups of core/shell NPs, respectively. x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) detects the electronic states of the constituent elements of the core/shell nanostructures, including lanthanum, iron, chromium, oxygen, zinc, and copper. Optical characteristics have been extensively analyzed using UV spectroscopy. The energy gap (Eg) was determined by utilizing both Tauc and Derivation of Absorbance Spectrum Fitting (DASF) methods. LFCO/ZnO and LFCO/CuO core/shell NPs exhibit a direct optical transition, similar to that of the core LFCO NPs, with a decrease in band gap value from 3.4 eV for the core to 3.3 eV and 3.18 eV for LFCO/ZnO and LFCO/CuO core/shell NPs respectively. The enhanced transparency of core/shell NPs, particularly at longer wavelengths, is evident from the decrease in refractive index (n) compared to that of the core (LFCO) NPs. This decrease is attributed to the encapsulation of LFCO with either ZnO or CuO NPs. The samples exhibit a decline in both linear and non-linear optical susceptibilities with respect to the square of photon energy. The LFCO/CuO sample shows excellent results in the photocatalytic degradation of aqueous organic dyes, considering it a promising candidate for wastewater treatment and the removal of organic pollutants.
Optimality of the Howard-Vala T-gate in stabilizer quantum computation
Authors: Feng Lingxuan , Luo Shunlong
Published: September 2024

In a remarkable work [Phys. Rev. A 86 022316 (2012)], Howard and Vala introduced a qudit version of the qubit T-gate (i.e., π/8-gate) for any prime dimensional system. This non-Clifford gate is a key ingredient of the paradigm ‘Clifford +T’, which are widely employed in the stabilizer formalism of universal and fault-tolerant quantum computation. Considering the applications and significance of the T-gate, it is desirable to characterize it from various angles. Here we prove that in any prime dimensional system, the Howard-Vala T-gate is optimal, among all diagonal gates, for generating magic resources from stabilizer states when the magic is quantified via the L
1-norm of characteristic functions (Fourier transforms) of quantum states. The quadratic Gaussian sum in number theory plays a key role in establishing this optimality. This highlights an extreme feature of the Howard-Vala T-gate. We further reveal an intrinsic relation between the Howard-Vala T-gate and the Watson-Campbell-Anwar-Browne T-gate [Phys. Rev. A 92 022312 (2015)] for any prime dimensional system.
Uncertainty relations for quantum coherence with respect to mutually unbiased equiangular tight frames
Authors: Rastegin Alexey E
Published: September 2024

The role of quantum coherence as an information resource has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Many protocols of quantum information science deal with specially selected states. Complete sets of mutually unbiased bases and symmetric informationally complete measurements are widely used in this regard. Other constructions were found to be useful, including projective designs and equiangular tight frames. As a rule, there are additional restrictions on the probabilities generated by quantum measurements assigned to such sets. Inequalities in terms of coherence quantifiers allow one to examine complementarity with respect to different sets. This study aims to examine uncertainty relations for coherence quantifiers averaged with respect to a set of mutually unbiased equiangular tight frames. To quantify the amount of coherence, quantum coherence quantifiers of the Tsallis type and the geometric coherence are used. The first case is induced by the Tsallis relative entropies. The derived inequalities are exemplified with equiangular tight frames of a ququart.
Strained GeSn laser with multiple fins structure based on SiN stress
Authors: Shu Bin , Sun Xinyang , Hu Huiyong , Wang Liming , Zhang Ningning , Miao Tian
Published: September 2024

Among the IV group materials, Germanium (Ge) stands out due to its unique bandgap structure, which can be engineered to achieve direct bandgap emission. This has important applications in the fabrication of efficient integrated light sources using IV group materials. In this paper, a strained GeSn laser with Multiple Fins structure based on SiN stress is proposed, through the Multi-fins structure, the biaxial tensile stress of about 0.7GPa is predicted to be uniformly introduced into the GeSn material in the active region and the laser is predicted to exhibit a threshold current density of 180 kA cm−2 and an emission peak wavelength at 2429 nm. The design presented in this paper provides an effective solution for silicon-based integrated light source.
A Comparative Study of Fiber Optic Gyroscopes
Authors: Shalaby Mohamed N. , Elghandour Ahmed H.
Published: September 2024

Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) are integral to modern technology, yet their significance often goes unnoticed. Key to an INS are Gyroscopes, which detect rotation rates. Initially mechanical, they became outdated with advancing technology, prompting the development of Optical Gyroscopes. This paper explores various Gyroscope technologies, emphasizing Fiber Optic Gyroscopes, and delves into their operational theory and associated challenges.
Sustainable Urban Form: A Key Element for Urban Design in Selomerto Sub-District
Authors: Wungo G. L. , Kurniati R. , Arbaniya Zayyana
Published: September 2024

The rapid urbanization of Selomerto Sub-District presents significant challenges for sustainable urban development. This study addresses the urgent need for a sustainable urban form to counter the detrimental effects of unplanned urban sprawl and its impact on infrastructure and natural resources. By adopting a methodological approach that integrates Geographic Information Systems (GIS) spatial analysis with quantitative data, this research evaluates urban form elements such as population density, land use, and infrastructure. The analysis includes spatial mapping to assess the distribution and diversity of land uses, aiming to enhance urban connectivity, efficiency, and compactness. The study’s findings contribute a meticulously designed sustainable urban form plan for Selomerto, emphasizing strategic recommendations for integrating sustainability principles into urban design. The proposed plan outlines key areas for improvement, aiming to mitigate the adverse effects of current urbanization patterns by promoting sustainable transportation and optimizing land use. These interventions are expected to significantly enhance the livability and environmental sustainability of Selomerto, providing a model for similar urban settings facing rapid development pressures.
The study of Jetayu Park potential as sustainable urban landscape for street vendors activity space in Pekalongan City, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Widjajanti Retno , Susilowati Erni , Kurniawati Wakhidah , Kartika Aulia Ayu
Published: September 2024

Sustainable urban landscape is landscape planning that integrates social, economic and environmental aspects with the concept of sustainable land resource management to improve the quality of life of the community. The existence of street vendors in urban areas is considered an activity that creates spatial and visual problems in urban areas. Park 0 Km in the Jetayu area is one of the locations for the growth and development of street vendors who provide needs for the community. This research aims to study the potential of Taman 0 Km Jetayu as a sustainable space to accommodate street vendors activities in public spaces. This research uses quantitative methods with observation, questionnaires and cross tabulations in conducting the analysis. The research results show that the Jetayu area has the potential to become a sustainable urban landscape that is able to accommodate street vendors trading activities based on economic aspects that generate income, social aspects that become a place for community activities and attract street vendors to trade and ecological aspects that maintain cleanliness and lots of trees that act as city lungs. Therefore, these potentials need to be maintained so that they can be utilized optimally as activity spaces according to their function.
The Challenge of Work-Life Balance of Millennial Workers in Leisure Activity to Create Sustainable Environment Design of Urban Park in Bandung, Indonesia
Authors: Permata D D , Hanan H , Widiyani
Published: September 2024

Urban parks are well-known as the best no-cost places for relaxation, socializing, playing, and physical exercise. Individuals visit and engage in activities in urban parks to achieve work-life balance, serving as alternatives to reduce physical and mental fatigue resulting from high work pressure and hours. The study aims to analyze millennial workers’ activities in Bandung’s urban parks in their attempt to achieve a work-life balance. Through online questionnaires of 124 millennial respondents aged 24 to 41 who live, work, and have families in Bandung, this study investigates insights on the relationship between work-life balance and the role of urban parks. In addition, this study examines how the transportation mode choice to the park may assist urban parks as inclusive parks. Although urban parks significantly contribute to the well-being and productivity of millennial workers, the findings indicate that the urge to achieve a work-life balance has had a negative impact on the sustainability of urban environments. Furthermore, individual work-life balance has not involved the sensitivity of using transportation modes, which is supposed to support a better environment for urban parks. The study suggests the government should implement more integrative planning for sustainable urban parks.
Areal reduction factor estimation for flood risk assesment towards sustainable disaster management in North Coastal Area of Central Java Indonesia
Authors: Ulfiana D , Suripin  , Witriyoga SRO , Azhaar NA , Karimatunnisa
Published: September 2024

Sustainable flood risk assessment relies heavily on areal reduction factor (ARF). Large mistakes in the calculations of design rainfall might results in significant error in the calculation of design discharge. ARF is used to transform estimates of point rainfall to estimates of areal-averaged rainfall. Point rainfall can only represent a limited area. If used for a larger area, the actual rainfall may be much less than the observed rainfall. The North Coastal Area of Central Java is one area that has major risk of flood disaster. Therefore, it is necessary to develop ARF formula in this area to obtain more accurate design rainfall. Rainfall data from five rainfall stations in the Bodri-Kuto River Basin located in the north coastal Area of Central Java were used for calculating ARF. ARF was applied to one of the watersheds in the North Coastal Area of Central Java, namely the Tuntang watershed, to test its accuracy using the MAPE test. Based on the results of the analysis, the formulation of ARF = 18.248.A-0.499 was obtained. The results of the MAPE test for the Tuntang watershed are 8,201. The results of the accuracy test are acceptable so that the ARF formulation can be used.
Introduction
Authors: Sheldrake Philip
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this book is to offer a substantial response to the major social challenges and public dysfunctions that are present in contemporary society. The book argues that “public life” is an essential aspect of everyone’s lives, involving challenging encounters, proper communication, debate, and shared responsibilities. The book also argues that in response to contemporary social challenges we need, first, to reframe our understanding of “politics” and how it is practised. We also need to recover a clear sense of the critical public values or virtues. The book as a whole identifies and then discusses some of the most critical public virtues that we need to promote. The book also concludes with a discussion of how public virtues may be effectively cultivated.