bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A necessidade da substituição processual, os direitos sociais e o Ministério Público
Authors: Silva Sergio da , Ritzmann Gilmara Guimarâes , Silva Adriana Almeida Ferreira da , Braga Juliana De Mattos
Published: March 2016

Este estudo crítico busca analisar os aspectos institucionais da legitimidade extraordinária do Ministério Público como substituto processual civil na busca da efetivação dos direitos indisponíveis e na legislação vigente e no projeto do novo Código de Processo Civil. O presente trabalho analisará a legitimidade do Parquet em propor ações coletivas individuais homogenias e individuais, abordará as ações individuas como as ações de Investigações de Paternidade, a possibilidade de ações coletivas dos contribuintes. Sempre ressaltando as problemáticas doutrinarias e jurisprudenciais em relação a uma falta de atitude mais enérgica quanto à efetivação dos direitos fundamentais do mínimo existencial para a população brasileira.
O processo penal constitucional e o devido processo legal como garantia democrática
Authors: Presoti Fábio Passos , Santiago Neto José De Assis
Published: March 2016

O Estado Democrático de Direito é o resultado, ainda em construção, de um processo de evolução da sociedade que, desde o rompimento com o antigo regime absolutista vem se construindo na constante busca para a tutela dos direitos do ser humano. Assim, busca o presente artigo, partindo de uma premissa do referido modelo, analisar seus reflexos no processo penal, tendo como ponto de apoio a teoria do processo constitucional. A democracia exige uma participação discursiva que somente será obtida pelo processo, onde as decisões serão legitimadas através da ampla participação democrática daqueles que sofrerão os efeitos da decisão. Assim, o processo penal democrático deve ter como pressuposto básico o princípio constitucional da não culpabilidade e pelo sistema acusatório, devendo o papel dos envolvidos no processo ser revisto e, sobretudo, o do julgador, uma vez que tem em mãos o poder de produzir e gerir as provas do procedimento.
Onde mora o “perigo”: a possível contribuição da Escola de Louvain para (mais) uma criminologia crítica / Where the “danger” lies: the possible contribution of Louvain School for another critical criminology
Authors: Cappi Riccardo
Published: March 2016

Temos aqui uma  oportunidade para apresentar uma vertente pouco conhecida da criminologia contemporânea, ilustrada pelos trabalhos de Christian Debuyst, da Escola de Criminologia de Louvain (Bélgica). Tentando evitar as armadilhas do reducionismo encontradas na criminologia tradicional, propomos uma leitura complexa das respostas estatais, pautada na análise das diversas « maneiras de ver » os problemas e seus protagonistas. Abordamos, portanto, a questão da observação e da definição das situações, entendendo que esta nos remete ao problema do conhecimento: este sempre será sempre parcial, porque produzido por meio de grades de leitura, afetivamente preconcebidas, que deformam e operam seletivamente sobre a realidade observada. Assim, utilizamos esta ferramenta de analise para decompor e condenar aquelas leituras que percebem a juventude negra das “periferias” através de um prisma que só permite enxergá-la de forma desumanizada, como perigosa e amedrontadora, a ponto de justificar respostas estatais autoritárias de cunho repressivo e eliminatório. Sustentamos, enfim, a adoção de uma perspectiva criminológica que multiplica as facetas de observação crítica, propiciando a análise da complexidade das situações e à produção de respostas estatais pautadas na ética de enfrentamento à injustiça e às desigualdades.
Criminologia e prisões: interesses no campo dos direitos humanos / Criminology and prisons : interest in the field of human rights
Authors: Rudnicki Dani
Published: March 2016

A criminologia deveria ser uma ciência autônoma, mas, percebe-se, tornou-se praticamente um ramo do direito e, por ser domínio dos juristas, parece se contaminar com o “totem jurídico”, ser tão conservadora quanto o próprio  campo jurídico. Se os clássicos estrangeiros (Rusche e Kirchheimer, Foucault, Goffman e Becker) propunham novas leituras sobre a transgressão, o crime e a punição/tratamento oferecida à pessoa selecionada pelo sistema penal, no Brasil também existiu uma leitura crítica da criminologia, promovida, entre outros, por Roberto Lyra Filho, Juarez Cirino dos Santos, Jacinto Coutinho, Nilo Batista e Vera Regina Pereira de Andrade, interessada em propor a defesa dos direitos humanos. No entanto, a queda do Muro de Berlim e a necessidade de busca de novos referenciais parecem ainda não ter contaminado esse pensamento criminológico e influenciado os novos criminólogos críticos pátrios. Se os sociólogos migraram para o estudo da violência, os juristas permanecem vinculados a ideias que se mostravam relevantes, mas que devem, agora, ser questionadas. Assim, por exemplo, no que tange à “questão penitenciária”, não basta denunciá-la falida, há de se buscar a compreensão das razões de sua sobrevivência. E, neste sentido, é consenso que a justiça criminal, a polícia, a prisão e a delinquência são peças de um sistema maior no qual a economia é o elemento mais relevante a ser considerado para sua compreensão. Mas, como se organiza e (se) percebe a prisão no Brasil? Conceitos como os de “sistemas de produção”, “suplício”, “poder”, “disciplina” são suficientes para explicar nossa realidade neste novo século? Diz-se que prisões, escolas, fábricas e quarteis são instituições que constroem “corpos dóceis”, isso permanece sendo realidade? É ou foi realidade no modelo de aprisionamento brasileiro passado e atual? Os relatórios finais das três Comissões Parlamentares de Inquérito criadas pela Câmara dos Deputados, nos anos de 1976, 1993 e 2008, parecem ser documentos interessantes para compreender a situação, bem como os produzidos no âmbito da representação que estabeleceu disputa entre a Associação de Juízes do Rio Grande do Sul e ONGs contra o governo brasileiro na Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos, a respeito do Presídio Central de Porto Alegre, dito “o pior do país”. Apesar de serem documentos oficiais, os dois últimos escritos com clara influência da criminologia crítica, se mostram, ao final, extremamente representativos de um pensamento conservador, comprometido com o status quo. Culpa, talvez, da dificuldade de se conhecer o que seja de fato a criminologia crítica, do desconhecimento da realidade penitenciária ou, simplesmente, resultado de compromissos políticos gestados no interior do campo jurídico e que ultrapassam o interesse pela defesa dos direitos humanos.
Governar infratores ou tratar corpos? A medicalização de jovens internados na FASE/RS como política da/na socioeducação / Governing youth criminals or treating bodies? The medicalization of arrested adolescents as a public policy in youth criminal...
Authors: Bujes Janaina De Souza
Published: March 2016

Nas últimas décadas, diversos autores têm apontado uma modificação da gestão dos corpos, do comportamento e da subjetividade humanas, a partir de uma maior incidência de diagnósticos médicos, naquilo que se convencionou chamar de medicalização da vida. Na psiquiatria, distúrbios de ansiedade, déficit de atenção e hiperatividade, alterações de humor e bipolaridade, depressão, insônia ou transtornos de personalidade são expressões que extrapolaram os discursos médicos e passaram a integrar as diferentes esferas das relações e da sociabilidadade humana, e podem ser consideradas como uma nova forma de gestão da população. Este trabalho debate a emergência dos discursos do transtorno mental e dos tratamentos psiquiátricos nas relações do Estado com um segmento específico da população: os adolescentes em conflito com a lei. Dentre este grupo, se pode observar a medicalização como política de governo e esta pesquisa propõe a discussão do uso de diagnósticos de transtornos psíquicos em jovens infratores e a utilização de medicamentos como política pública para esta população. A investigação parte da hipótese de que estaria sendo constituída e adotada uma nova biopolítica de disciplinamento e contenção de corpos, sob o argumento de controle e prevenção de riscos para os jovens e para a sociedade em geral. Tomando a perspectiva etnográfica como ponto de partida analítico e método, o estudo utiliza documentos institucionais, relatos de militantes, de atores estatais e de jovens egressos do sistema socioeducativo. É possível perceber a constituição das subjetividades dos atores envolvidos e uma nova economia política sobre doenças, medicamentos e relações com as instituições estatais. Elas passam a ser estabelecidas ao mesmo tempo em que o Estado busca criar protocolos de atendimento aos jovens internados enquanto famílias, adolescentes e militantes questionam os conhecimentos sobre os medicamentos e seus efeitos, assim como problematizam a necessidade das prescrições, dos medicamentos e dos fins propostos.
Un defi pour l´epistemologie juridique : les diverses formes d´encadrement de la compensation dans la protection juridique de l´environnement / A challenge to the epistemology juridique: the various forms of compensation in the legal protection of the...
Authors: Lima Gabriela Garcia Batista
Published: March 2016

Il s´agit d´une analyse sur quels outils en théorie du droit peuvent aider dans l´analyse de la compensation comme un outil d´adaptation dans la protection juridique de l´environnement. C´est un défi épistemologique, lorsque la compentation peut être encadré dans une variété de formes, dans le droit national, international et en tant qu´un marché. Une telle variété exige un élargissement de la vision du droit étatique. L´analyse présente d’abord la variété de formes pour la compensation, pour, ensuite, voir comment le pluralisme juridique, l´analyse économique et les concepts de corégulation et autorégulation peuvent être utiles pour  son étude juridique.
Editorial
Authors: Coura Alexandre de Castro
Published: March 2016

Editorial
Jakość życia w kontekście koncepcji zrównoważonego rozwoju
Authors: Zadrozniak Monika
Published: March 2016

Celem artykułu jest interpretacja wzajemnych relacji i współzależności kategorii pojęciowych: jakość życia i zrównoważony rozwój. Artykuł stawia twierdzenie o społecznym, ekonomicznym i środowiskowym wymiarze zrównoważonego rozwoju wyrażonym w jakości życia mieszkańców danego regionu (miejsca), interpretowanej jako nadrzędny cel rozwojowy.
Polityka zrównoważonego rozwoju transportu miejskiego w krajach wschodzących na przykładzie stolicy Meksyku
Authors: Paradowska Monika
Published: March 2016

Negatywne efekty zewnętrzne transportu stanowią bolączkę współczesnych miast, niekorzystnie oddziałując na procesy rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego. Problemy te są widoczne nie tylko w krajach wysoko czy średnio rozwiniętych – w ogromnym stopniu borykają się z nimi wielomilionowe i wielkopowierzchniowe metropolie, które z kolei są charakterystyczne głównie dla krajów wschodzących, jak np. Chiny, Indie, Brazylia czy Meksyk. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie wybranych aspektów polityki zrównoważonego rozwoju transportu w stolicy jednego z tych krajów – Meksyku – oraz określenie specyfiki doboru narzędzi zrównoważonego transportu wynikającej z różnorodnych uwarunkowań – przestrzennych i architektonicznych, pogodowych, kulturowych, ekonomicznych czy społecznych. W opracowaniu wykorzystano dokumenty źródłowe dotyczące zrównoważonego transportu w Meksyku, w tym raporty i dane statystyczne Banku Światowego.
Zasoby przyrodnicze a rozwój lokalny: studium przypadku dwóch bocianich wiosek w Polsce
Authors: Kronenberg Jakub
Published: March 2016

Jedną z form wykorzystania zasobów przyrodniczych na rzecz zrównoważonego rozwoju jest ekoturystyka, odbywająca się z poszanowaniem środowiska, jednocześnie służąca podnoszeniu świadomości ekologicznej uczestniczących w niej osób. Ekoturystyka stanowi źródło materialnych korzyści dla lokalnych społeczności. Jednak aby zasoby przyrodnicze stały się atrakcją ekoturystyczną, konieczne jest zadbanie o odpowiednią „oprawę”, uwzględniającą zarówno interesy ochrony środowiska, jak i zainteresowanych nimi turystów. Aby zilustrować te zagadnienia, na potrzeby niniejszego artykułu przeprowadzona została analiza potencjału ekoturystycznego dwóch „bocianich wiosek” prowadzonych przez organizacje zajmujące się ochroną przyrody (Kłopot i Żywkowo). Możliwe jest zwiększenie ich atrakcyjności dla turystów z poszanowaniem podstawowych celów ochrony przyrody, jakie przed nimi postawiono. Na potrzeby wskazania najważniejszych działań, które pozwoliłyby na takie wykorzystanie zasobów przyrodniczych, wśród turystów odwiedzających te miejsca przeprowadzono badania ankietowe. Odpowiedzi udzielone przez 700 osób pozwoliły na ocenę dotychczasowego sposobu wykorzystania bocianich wiosek przez turystów, a także możliwości wykorzystania ich w większym stopniu na rzecz lokalnego rozwoju gospodarczego.
System pomiaru zrównoważonego rozwoju w Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Urbaniec Maria
Published: March 2016

Wskaźniki zrównoważonego rozwoju stanowią podstawowe narzędzie monitoringu Strategii Zrównoważonego Rozwoju Unii Europejskiej. Celem artykułu jest zatem wskazanie strategicznych uwarunkowań dotyczących monitorowania zrównoważonego rozwoju oraz ocena obecnego systemu wskaźników służących do monitorowania europejskiej Strategii Zrównoważonego Rozwoju. W oparciu o dane statystyczne, pozytywny trend można zaobserwować jedynie w przypadku wskaźników głównych, dotyczących obszarów: „zmiany demograficzne”, a także „zmiany klimatu oraz energia”, natomiast brak wyraźnej poprawy w kierunku bardziej zrównoważonego rozwoju pokazuje wskaźnik główny z obszaru „włączenie społeczne”. Metodologia monitorowania i ciągła aktualizacja zbioru danych na poziomie UE stwarza nowe wyzwania dla rozwoju nowych wskaźników. Przedstawione wyniki wskazują na konieczność dalszego doskonalenia pomiaru i kontroli rezultatów zastosowanych działań.
Nowe technologie w służbie seniorom
Authors: Zapędowska-Kling Kaja Anna
Published: March 2016

Artykuł podkreśla znaczenie rozwoju nowej interdyscyplinarnej gałęzi nauki zwanej gerontechnologią. Celem publikacji jest refleksja nad możliwością zaadaptowania nowych technologii w służbie seniorom. W części pierwszej dokonuję przeglądu potencjalnych możliwych zastosowań nowych technologii w różnych obszarach życia człowieka starego. Szczególną uwagę poświęcam technologiom stosowanym w opiece socjalnej, służbie zdrowia, stymulującym partycypację społeczną i obywatelską oraz służącym edukacji i rozrywce. W części drugiej zwracam uwagę na bariery i ograniczenia, które utrudniają aplikowalność rozwiązań technologicznych na gruncie praktycznym. W części trzeciej podkreślam znaczenie dylematów natury etycznej i moralnej, które nierozerwalnie towarzyszą rozwojowi nowych technologii i ich zastosowaniu w służbie człowiekowi. Wśród wniosków pojawia się postulat włączenia rozwiązań z zakresu teleopieki i telemedycyny w nurt współczesnej polityki senioralnej.
Przestrzenne zróżnicowanie opadów atmosferycznych na obszarze Łodzi
Authors: Bartnik Adam , Marcinkowski Mateusz
Published: March 2016

Opracowanie jest próbą ustalenia przestrzennej zmienności opadów atmosferycznych na obszarze Łodzi, w jej granicach administracyjnych, a równocześnie częścią większego projektu zmierzającego do opracowania zintegrowanego modelu odpływu rzecznego w warunkach silnej antropopresji. Do realizacji tego zadania, posłużono się danymi zarejestrowanymi w latach 2010–2012 przez różne instytucje działające w obrębie aglomeracji (rys. 1). Pozyskane szeregi cechowała jednak nieciągłość oraz istnienie błędów o różnej genezie i o różnym charakterze. Dlatego pierwszym zadaniem było wykrycie i uzupełnienie braków pomiarów lub ich poprawienie. Ostatecznym celem prezentowanego opracowania było uzyskanie sekwencji map obrazujących przestrzenne zróżnicowanie opadów w poszczególnych latach trzylecia 2010–2012 oraz ich średnich sum rocznych w tym okresie, co ma pozwolić na określenie przestrzennej zmienności dostawy wody do powierzchni terenu. Efektem była sekwencja map przedstawiających przestrzenne zróżnicowanie opadów atmosferycznych na obszarze miasta w poszczególnych latach okresu (rys. 3), średnich sum opadów (rys. 4), maksymalnych dobowych sum opadów (rys. 5), maksymalnych godzinowych sum opadów (rys. 6) oraz liczby dni z opadem >0,1 mm (rys. 7) w badanym okresie.
How Shopping Frequency And Product Type Affect Consumers Perceptions Of E-Tailing Quality
Authors: Sebastianelli Rose , Tamimi Nabil , Rajan Murli
Published: March 2016

We survey a national sample of US online consumers about their perceptions regarding the quality of online shopping experiences.  Our intent is to examine whether the frequency with which they purchase products online and the types of products they purchase affect their perceptions of internet retailer quality.  In this study, the quality of online shopping is measured using a set of items that represent the four phases encountered when shopping via the Internet:  (1) the retailer’s homepage, (2) online product catalog, (3) order form and (4) customer service and support.  Factor analysis of these items uncovers the following seven underlying e-tailing quality dimensions: reliability, accessibility, ordering services, convenience, product content, assurance and credibility.   We find that frequent online shoppers consider both reliability and product content significantly more important than infrequent online shoppers; ordering services is significantly more important to infrequent online shoppers.  With regard to product type, we find some significant differences between online shoppers who purchase “search” versus “experience” products.  Specifically, those who purchase experience products online rate ordering services and product content significantly more important than those who buy search products.
A Jigsaw Puzzle As Model For Macroeconomic Analysis
Authors: Villacís José
Published: March 2016

A particular approach to the macroeconomic theory of production is considering production as a jigsaw puzzle that must be approached from a combinatorial point of view. This implies that an end production for the entrepreneur is one of the various possible ways of achieving production, and one particular mode is the optimal one—the one that provides the highest production at the lowest cost. Production factors can be combined or ordered in various possible ways and each combination will deliver a different level of production. Each combination in production is called a menu. Therefore, a jigsaw puzzle can be understood as modelling the necessary steps in the selection of menus to achieve the final creation which is the final production. Working with the jigsaw puzzle approach will require the task of numbering and counting all menus, assessing them, putting them in sequence and, eventually, selecting the best of them. The total and singular reality of a jigsaw puzzle will be the highest production that has been achieved with a specific combination of factors.
Marketing In America's Large Protestant Churches
Authors: Newman Cynthia M. , Benchener Paul G.
Published: March 2016

The current study assesses, from a quantitative perspective, the extent to which marketing and planning are being effectively used by large, Protestant churches to meet their goals. Even though the debate over whether religious organizations should apply business world concepts continues, the use of management and marketing practices from business in churches, particularly large churches, does occur.
An Explanation Of Financial Analysis Using The FASBs Preliminary Views On Financial Statement Presentation
Authors: Acton Daniel
Published: March 2016

The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued a discussion paper entitled “Preliminary Views on Financial Statement Presentation” on October 16, 2008, in which they presented a new format for the primary financial statements.  The proposed statements are segmented into functional activities of the entity on a net-asset basis. The Board’s objectives are to present a cohesive set of financial statements that are useful in predicting future cash flows and assessing liquidity and financial flexibility.  This paper describes the proposed statements, examines the application of financial ratios, and assesses the extent to which the Board’s objectives are satisfied.
Remote Viewing Can Enhance The Auditing Process
Authors: Woehrle Stephen L.
Published: March 2016

Remote viewing is a branch of parapsychology involving mental telepathy to view targeted objects.  Significant studies and applications are cited that have legitimized remote viewing as a credible and valuable technique.  This paper explores the application of remote viewing to some aspects of the auditing process.  The author’s premise is that remote viewing can be used to detect anomalies in accounting systems.  Its most relevant use may be for assessment questioning in a fraud investigation.
Los ángulos de confort en la posición sedente en niños de educación primaria en Lima-Perú.
Authors: Loayza-Castañeda Nadia , Zanabria-Inga Jacqueline , Camacho-Conchucos Herminio , Meléndez-Olivari Elizabeth
Published: March 2016

Mantenernos sentados por largas horas se ha hecho una característica de la sociedad actual, que trae consigo una serie de inconvenientes que derivan muchas veces en problemas de salud. En general, la incomodidad o las lesiones que genere la adopción de una postura estará en función del ángulo articular y del tiempo que se mantenga, es decir, cuanto más inadecuada sea la postura menor tiempo deberá mantenerse. Los niños escolares constituyen una de las poblaciones que pasan la mayor cantidad de horas en sedestación. Se hace necesario conocer si la postura mantenida es adecuada para el escolar la cual es originada principalmente por el mobiliario que utiliza.
Importancia de los estudios simplificados para el cribado de trastornos respiratorios del sueño en mineros del Perú.
Authors: Rey de Castro Jorge , Rosales-Mayor Edmundo
Published: March 2016

El Síndrome Apneas Hipopneas del Sueño (SAHS) es factor de riesgo de accidentes durante la conducción. En este informe, presentamos dos series de casos de conductores (Grupo A de 39 y Grupo B de 14) que laboran en centros mineros de nuestra serranía. Todos fueron estudiados con polisomnografía convencional (PSG-C) a nivel del mar. Se estableció diagnóstico de SAHS en 17 (43%) y 1 (7%) del Grupo A y B respectivamente. La prevalencia de los trastornos respiratorios del sueño en esta población es desconocida. Considerando los altos costos de la PSG-C, es imperativo implementar el cribado de trastornos respiratorios del sueño con poligrafías respiratorias de monitoreo simplificado de bajo costo y aplicarlas en los recintos mineros.
Mixoma cardíaco con diagnóstico prenatal. Presentación de un caso y revisión de literatura.
Authors: Ríos Josías , Chávarri Fernando , Morales Gabriela , Vera Luis , Zapatel Carlos , Adrianzén Manuel
Published: March 2016

El mixoma es la tumoración cardíaca más frecuente en el adulto, constituyendo aproximadamente el 50% de las mismas. En la edad pediátrica el tumor cardíaco más frecuente es el rabdomioma, generalmente asociado a esclerosis tuberosa. La presentación del mixoma en pacientes pediátricos es muy rara y más aun en la etapa neonatal. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de sexo femenino que fue sometida a cirugía a los 8 días de nacida por presentar dos tumoraciones intracardiacas diagnosticadas en la etapa intrauterina a las 38 semanas de gestación. La cirugía se realizó mediante esternotomía media, con circulación extracorpórea y arresto circulatorio. Las tumoraciones, que eran de aspecto polipoide se localizaban en la aurícula derecha, los estudios de patología fueron compatibles con mixoma. La evolución postoperatoria fue satisfactoria y la paciente fue dada de alta a los 14 días después de la cirugía.
Quaternized triethanolamine-sebacoyl moieties in highly branched polymer architecture as a host for the entrapment of acid dyes in aqueous solutions
Authors: Bendjelloul Meriem , Elandaloussi El Hadj , de Ménorval Louis-Charles , Bentouami Abdelhadi
Published: March 2016

This paper reports the synthesis of a hyperbranched polymer by a cost-effective one-step copolymerization of A3 and B2 monomers, namely, triethanolamine and sebacoyl chloride, respectively, followed by methylation of tertiary amine groups. The structure of the hyperbranched polymer QTEAS as an efficient material for the removal of acid dyes was demonstrated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cross polarization magic angle spinning (CPMAS) 13C NMR, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), powder X-ray diffraction (DRX) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The removal of indigo carmine (IC) and Evans blue (EB) was expected to be driven by the electrostatic attraction between positively charged quaternary ammonium groups within the hyperbranched polymer and the negatively charged dyes. The removal process was found to be closely connected to the total number of sulfonate groups on the surface of the dyes. Nonetheless, the ionic strength does not affect the dyes' removal efficiency by the hyperbranched polymer. The sorption capacities at saturation of the monolayer qmax were determined to be 213.22 mg g−1 and 214.13 mg g−1, for IC and EB, respectively, thus showing the greater affinity of QTEAS sorbent for both dyes. Despite its extended molecular structure, EB is removed with the same effectiveness as IC. Finally, the great efficiency of the highly branched polymer for dye removal from colored wastewater was clearly demonstrated.
Development of a Feasible Implementation Fidelity Protocol Within a Complex Physical Therapy–Led Self-Management Intervention
Authors: Toomey Elaine , Matthews James , Guerin Suzanne , Hurley Deirdre A.
Published: March 2016

Background

Implementation fidelity is poorly addressed within physical therapy interventions, which may be due to limited research on how to develop and implement an implementation fidelity protocol.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to develop a feasible implementation fidelity protocol within a pilot study of a physical therapy–led intervention to promote self-management for people with chronic low back pain or osteoarthritis.

Design

A 2-phase mixed-methods design was used.

Methods

Phase 1 involved the development of an initial implementation fidelity protocol using qualitative interviews with potential stakeholders to explore the acceptability of proposed strategies to enhance and assess implementation fidelity. Phase 2 involved testing and refining the initial implementation fidelity protocol to develop a finalized implementation fidelity protocol. Specifically, the feasibility of 3 different strategies (physical therapist self-report checklists, independently rated direct observations, and audio-recorded observations) for assessing implementation fidelity of intervention delivery was tested, followed by additional stakeholder interviews that explored the overall feasibility of the implementation fidelity protocol.

Results

Phase 1 interviews determined the proposed implementation fidelity strategies to be acceptable to stakeholders. Phase 2 showed that independently rated audio recordings (n=6) and provider self-report checklists (n=12) were easier to implement than independently rated direct observations (n=12) for assessing implementation fidelity of intervention delivery. Good agreement (79.8%–92.8%) was found among all methods. Qualitative stakeholder interviews confirmed the acceptability, practicality, and implementation of the implementation fidelity protocol.

Limitations

The reliability and validity of assessment checklists used in this study have yet to be fully tested, and blinding of independent raters was not possible.

Conclusions

A feasible implementation fidelity protocol was developed based on a 2-phase development process involving intervention stakeholders. This study provides valuable information on the feasibility of rigorously addressing implementation fidelity within physical therapy interventions and provides recommendations for researchers wanting to address implementation fidelity in similar areas.
Simulated Patients in Physical Therapy Education: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Pritchard Shane A. , Blackstock Felicity C. , Nestel Debra , Keating Jenny L.
Published: March 2016

Background

Traditional models of physical therapy clinical education are experiencing unprecedented pressures. Simulation-based education with simulated (standardized) patients (SPs) is one alternative that has significant potential value, and implementation is increasing globally. However, no review evaluating the effects of SPs on professional (entry-level) physical therapy education is available.

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to synthesize and critically appraise the findings of empirical studies evaluating the contribution of SPs to entry-level physical therapy education, compared with no SP interaction or an alternative education strategy, on any outcome relevant to learning.

Data Sources

A systematic search was conducted of Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, AMED, ERIC, and CINAHL Plus databases and reference lists of included articles, relevant reviews, and gray literature up to May 2015.

Study Selection

Articles reporting quantitative or qualitative data evaluating the contribution of SPs to entry-level physical therapy education were included.

Data Extraction

Two reviewers independently extracted study characteristics, intervention details, and quantitative and qualitative evaluation data from the 14 articles that met the eligibility criteria.

Data Synthesis

Pooled random-effects meta-analysis indicated that replacing up to 25% of authentic patient–based physical therapist practice with SP-based education results in comparable competency (mean difference=1.55/100; 95% confidence interval=−1.08, 4.18; P=.25). Thematic analysis of qualitative data indicated that students value learning with SPs.

Limitations

Assumptions were made to enable pooling of data, and the search strategy was limited to English.

Conclusion

Simulated patients appear to have an effect comparable to that of alternative educational strategies on development of physical therapy clinical practice competencies and serve a valuable role in entry-level physical therapy education. However, available research lacks the rigor required for confidence in findings. Given the potential advantages for students, high-quality studies that include an economic analysis should be conducted.
Osteosarcoma of the spine: prognostic variables for local recurrence and overall survival, a multicenter ambispective study
Authors: Dekutoski Mark B. , Clarke Michelle J. , Rose Peter , Luzzati Alessandro , Rhines Laurence D. , Varga Peter P. , Fisher Charles G. , Chou Dean , Fehlings Michael G. , Reynolds Jeremy J. , Williams Richard , Quraishi Nasir A. , Germscheid Niccole M. , Sciubba Daniel M. , Gokaslan Ziya L. , Boriani Stefano , _ _
Published: March 2016

OBJECTIVE

Primary spinal osteosarcomas are rare and aggressive neoplasms. Poor outcomes can occur, as obtaining marginal margins is technically demanding; further Enneking-appropriate en bloc resection can have significant morbidity. The goal of this study is to identify prognostic variables for local recurrence and mortality in surgically treated patients diagnosed with a primary osteosarcoma of the spine.

METHODS

A multicenter ambispective database of surgically treated patients with primary spine osteosarcomas was developed by AOSpine Knowledge Forum Tumor. Patient demographic, diagnosis, treatment, perioperative morbidity, local recurrence, and cross-sectional survival data were collected. Tumors were classified in 2 cohorts: Enneking appropriate (EA) and Enneking inappropriate (EI), as defined by pathology margin matching Enneking-recommended surgical margins. Prognostic variables were analyzed in reference to local recurrence and survival.

RESULTS

Between 1987 and 2012, 58 patients (32 female patients) underwent surgical treatment for primary spinal osteosarcoma. Patients were followed for a mean period of 3.5 ± 3.5 years (range 0.5 days to 14.3 years). The median survival for the entire cohort was 6.7 years postoperative. Twenty-four (41%) patients died, and 17 (30%) patients suffered a local recurrence, 10 (59%) of whom died. Twenty-nine (53%) patients underwent EA resection while 26 (47%) patients underwent EI resection with a postoperative median survival of 6.8 and 3.7 years, respectively (p = 0.048). EI patients had a higher rate of local recurrence than EA patients (p = 0.001). Patient age, previous surgery, biopsy type, tumor size, spine level, and chemotherapy timing did not significantly influence recurrence and survival.

CONCLUSIONS

Osteosarcoma of the spine presents a significant challenge, and most patients die in spite of aggressive surgery. There is a significant decrease in recurrence and an increase in survival with en bloc resection (EA) when compared with intralesional resection (EI). The effect of adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapeutics, as well as method of biopsy, requires further exploration.
Stereotactic radiosurgery for cerebral arteriovenous malformations: evaluation of long-term outcomes in a multicenter cohort
Authors: Starke Robert M. , Kano Hideyuki , Ding Dale , Lee John Y. K. , Mathieu David , Whitesell Jamie , Pierce John T. , Huang Paul P. , Kondziolka Douglas , Yen Chun-Po , Feliciano Caleb , Rodgriguez-Mercado Rafael , Almodovar Luis , Pieper Daniel R. , Grills Inga S. , Silva Danilo , Abbassy Mahmoud , Missios Symeon , Barnett Gene H. , Lunsford L. Dade , Sheehan Jason P.
Published: March 2016

OBJECTIVE

In this multicenter study, the authors reviewed the results following Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) of cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), determined predictors of outcome, and assessed predictive value of commonly used grading scales based upon this large cohort with long-term follow-up.

METHODS

Data from a cohort of 2236 patients undergoing GKRS for cerebral AVMs were compiled from the International Gamma Knife Research Foundation. Favorable outcome was defined as AVM obliteration and no posttreatment hemorrhage or permanent symptomatic radiation-induced complications. Patient and AVM characteristics were assessed to determine predictors of outcome, and commonly used grading scales were assessed.

RESULTS

The mean maximum AVM diameter was 2.3 cm, with a mean volume of 4.3 cm3. A mean margin dose of 20.5 Gy was delivered. Mean follow-up was 7 years (range 1–20 years). Overall obliteration was 64.7%. Post-GRKS hemorrhage occurred in 165 patients (annual risk 1.1%). Radiation-induced imaging changes occurred in 29.2%; 9.7% were symptomatic, and 2.7% had permanent deficits. Favorable outcome was achieved in 60.3% of patients. Patients with prior nidal embolization (OR 2.1, p < 0.001), prior AVM hemorrhage (OR 1.3, p = 0.007), eloquent location (OR 1.3, p = 0.029), higher volume (OR 1.01, p < 0.001), lower margin dose (OR 0.9, p < 0.001), and more isocenters (OR 1.1, p = 0.011) were more likely to have unfavorable outcomes in multivariate analysis. The Spetzler-Martin grade and radiosurgery-based AVM score predicted outcome, but the Virginia Radiosurgery AVM Scale provided the best assessment.

CONCLUSIONS

GKRS for cerebral AVMs achieves obliteration and avoids permanent complications in the majority of patients. Patient, AVM, and treatment parameters can be used to predict long-term outcomes following radiosurgery.
Registration of ‘Samurai’ Otebo Bean
Authors: Kelly James. D. , Varner Gregory V. , Hooper Sharon , Cichy Karen A. , Wright Evan M.
Published: March 2016

‘Samurai’ otebo bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) (Reg. No. CV‐312, PI 676022), developed by Michigan State University AgBioResearch, was released in 2015 as an upright, full‐season cultivar with virus (caused by Bean common mosaic virus) resistance and high yield potential. Samurai was developed using pedigree breeding method to the F6 generation followed by pure line selection for disease, agronomic, and quality traits. In 3 yr of field trials, Samurai yielded 2828 kg ha−1, flowered in 45 d, and matured in 100 d on average. Plants averaged 52 cm in height, with lodging resistance score of 1.6 and seed weight of 28.1 g 100 seed−1. Samurai combines high yield potential with erect architecture with full‐season maturity in an otebo seed type. Samurai has resistance to lodging and high pod placement within plant structure, making it suitable for direct harvest under narrow‐row production systems. Current otebo cultivars are short‐statured plants with determinate growth habit that require traditional pulling equipment due to the excessive seed loss that would result from direct harvest. Samurai is susceptible to race 73 of anthracnose [caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. & Magnus) Lams.‐Scrib], susceptible to rust race 22:2 [caused by Uromyces appendiculatus (Pers.:Pers.) Unger], and hypersensitive resistant to strain NL 3 of Bean common mosaic necrosis virus. Samurai otebo bean seed differs from other white‐seeded navy and great northern cultivars in possessing low levels of resistant starch, which makes it better suited for paste rather than canned bean products that meet industry standards.
Tissue P Systems with Protein on Cells
Authors: Song Bosheng , Pan Linqiang , Pérez-Jiménez Mario J.
Published: March 2016

Tissue P systems are a class of distributed parallel computing devices inspired by biochemical interactions between cells in a tissue-like arrangement, where objects can be exchanged by means of communication channels. In this work, inspired by the biological facts that the movement of most objects through communication channels is controlled by proteins and proteins can move through lipid bilayers between cells (if these cells are fused), we present a new class of variant tissue P systems, called tissue P systems with protein on cells, where multisets of objects (maybe empty), together with proteins between cells are exchanged. The computational power of such P systems is studied. Specifically, an efficient (uniform) solution to the SAT problem by using such P systems with cell division is presented. We also prove that any Turing computable set of numbers can be generated by a tissue P system with protein on cells. Both of these two results are obtained by such P systems with communication rules of length at most 4 (the length of a communication rule is the total number of objects and proteins involved in that rule).
State Complexity of Basic Operations on Non-Returning Regular Languages
Authors: Eom Hae-Sung , Han Yo-Sub , Jirásková Galina
Published: March 2016

We consider the state complexity of basic operations on non-returning regular languages. For a non-returning minimal DFA, the start state does not have any in-transitions. We establish the precise state complexity of four Boolean operations (union, intersection, difference, symmetric difference), catenation, reverse, and Kleene-star for non-returning regular languages. Our results are usually smaller than the state complexities for general regular languages and larger than the state complexities for suffix-free regular languages. In the case of catenation and reversal, we define witness languages over a ternary alphabet. Then we provide lower bounds for a binary alphabet. For every operation, we also study the unary case.
Novel Dominant Mutation in BIN1 Gene Causing Mild Centronuclear Myopathy Revealed by Myalgias and CK Elevation
Authors: Garibaldi Matteo , Böhm Johann , Fattori Fabiana , Koch Catherine , Surace Cecilia , Ottaviani Pierfrancesco , Laschena Francesco , Laporte Jocelyn , Bertini Enrico , Antonini Giovanni , Romero Norma B.
Published: March 2016

We present the clinical, morphological and molecular data of an Italian family with centronuclear myopathy, carrying a novel pathogenic mutation of BIN1 gene in heterozygous state, consistent with autosomal dominant inheritance. The proband, a 56-years-old man suffered of lower limbs myalgia and slight CK elevation. Clinical examination revealed no muscle weakness, short stature, mild symmetric eyelid ptosis, scapular winging, ankle retraction and well-developed muscles. Muscle biopsy showed nuclear centralization and clustering, deep sarcolemmal invaginations and type 1 fibers hypotrophy. Muscle MRI revealed fatty infiltration of posterior legs compartments, lumbar paraspinal and serratus muscles. By sequencing BIN1, we identified a heterozygous pathogenic mutation [c.107C>A (p.A36E)], and we demonstrate that the mutation strongly impairs the membrane tubulation property of the protein. One affected sister with similar phenotype carried the same mutation. Our findings expand the clinical, morphological and genetic spectrum of the autosomal dominant CNM associated with BIN1 mutations.
Sexual Reassignment Fails to Prevent Kennedy’s Disease
Authors: Lanman Tyler A. , Bakar Dara , Badders Nisha M. , Burke Ailbhe , Kokkinis Angela , Shrader Joseph A. , Joe Galen O. , Schindler Alice B. , Bott Laura C. , Harmison George G. , Taylor J. Paul , Fischbeck Kenneth H. , Grunseich Christopher
Published: March 2016

Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy is caused by polyglutamine expansion in the androgen receptor. As an X-linked disease dependent on androgens, symptoms and findings are only fully manifest in males. Here we describe a 40-year-old male-to-female transgender SBMA patient who developed full disease manifestations despite undetectable levels of androgens. We used cell culture and animal models to show that spironolactone, the anti-androgen she had taken for 15 years, promotes nuclear localization and toxicity of the mutant protein, which may explain the disease manifestations in this patient.
Diagnosed chest lesion on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance images using apparent diffusion coefficients
Authors: Lu Nan-Han , Hung Chao-Ming , Liu Kuo-Ying , Chen Tai-Been , Huang Yung-Hui
Published: March 2016

PURPOSE:

A novel diagnostic method using the standard deviation (SD) value of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) by diffusion-weighted (DWI) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is applied for differential diagnosis of primary chest cancers, metastatic tumors and benign tumors.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This retrospective study enrolled 27 patients (20 males, 7 female; age, 15–85; mean age, 68) who had thoracic mass lesions in the last three years and underwent an MRI chest examination at our institution. In total, 29 mass lesions were analyzed using SD of ADC and DWI. Lesions were divided into five groups: Primary lung cancers ( N = 10); esophageal cancers ( N = 5); metastatic tumors ( N = 8); benign tumors ( N = 3); and inflammatory lesions ( N = 3). Quantitative assessment of MRI parameters of mass lesions was performed. The ADC value was acquired based on the average of the entire tumor area. The error-plot, t-test and the area under receiver operating characteristic (AUC) were applied for statistical analysis.

RESULTS:

The SD of ADC value (mean±SD) was (4.867±1.359)×10–4 mm2/sec in primary lung cancers, and (3.598±0.350)×10–4 mm2/sec in metastatic tumors. The SD of ADC values of primary lung cancers and metastatic tumors ( P <  0.05) were significantly different and the AUC was 0.800 ( P <  0.05). The means of SD of ADC values was 4.532±1.406×10–4 mm2/sec and 2.973±0.364×10–4 mm2/sec for malignant tumors (including primary lung cancers, esophageal cancers) and benign tumors with respectively. The mean of SD of ADC values between malignant chest tumors and benign chest tumors was shown significant difference ( P <  0.01). The values of AUC was 0.967 between malignant chest tumors and benign chest tumors ( P <  0.05). The ADC values for primary lung cancers, metastatic tumors and benign tumors were not significantly difference ( P >  0.05).

CONCLUSIONS:

The mean of SD of ADC value by DWI can be used for differential diagnosis of chest lesions.
On the Extraction of Antibiotics from Shrimps Prior to Chromatographic Analysis
Authors: Samanidou Victoria , Bitas Dimitrios , Charitonos Stamatia , Papadoyannis Ioannis
Published: March 2016

The widespread use of antibiotics in veterinary practice and aquaculture has led to the increase of antimicrobial resistance in food-borne pathogens that may be transferred to humans. Global concern is reflected in the regulations from different agencies that have set maximum permitted residue limits on antibiotics in different food matrices of animal origin. Sensitive and selective methods are required to monitor residue levels in aquaculture species for routine regulatory analysis. Since sample preparation is the most important step, several extraction methods have been developed. In this review, we aim to summarize the trends in extraction of several antibiotics classes from shrimps and give a comparison of performance characteristics in the different approaches.
Change in Heavy Rainfall Characteristics over the Ouémé River Basin, Benin Republic, West Africa
Authors: Hounkpè Jean , Diekkrüger Bernd , Badou Djigbo , Afouda Abel
Published: March 2016

Climate change has severe impacts on natural resources, food production and consequently on food security especially in developing countries. Likely accentuated by climate change, flooding is one of the disasters that affects people and destroies agricultural land and products. At different governance levels and scales, appropriate responses are needed. Cluster analysis using scaled at-site characteristics was used to determine homogeneous rainfall regions. A methodology for detecting change was applied to heavy daily rainfall of 34 stations across the Ouémé basin, Benin, in order to assess potential change in its characteristics. The spatial variability of the detected changes in return periods was analyzed using the kriging interpolation method. For this analysis, up to 92 years (1921–2012) of rainfall data were used. Three homogeneous regions were found by the cluster analysis. For all studied return periods, 82% of the stations showed statistically significant change in daily precipitation, among which 57% exhibited a positive change and 43% negative change. A positive change is associated with an increase in heavy rainfall over the area of concern. An analysis of the interpolated change in heavy rainfall of different return periods revealed an east-west gradient from negative to positive along the lower Ouémé basin (Region 2). From the middle to the upper Ouémé (Region 1 and 3), a decreasing tendency of heavy rainfall is dominant mainly for the non-homogeneous period. This result of the complex pattern of changes could be veritable information for decision makers and consequently for development of appropriate adaptation measures.
Development of a Mobile Application for Building Energy Prediction Using Performance Prediction Model
Authors: Kim Yu-Ri , Kang Hae
Published: March 2016

Recently, the Korean government has enforced disclosure of building energy performance, so that such information can help owners and prospective buyers to make suitable investment plans. Such a building energy performance policy of the government makes it mandatory for the building owners to obtain engineering audits and thereby evaluate the energy performance levels of their buildings. However, to calculate energy performance levels (i.e., asset rating methodology), a qualified expert needs to have access to at least the full project documentation and/or conduct an on-site inspection of the buildings. Energy performance certification costs a lot of time and money. Moreover, the database of certified buildings is still actually quite small. A need, therefore, is increasing for a simplified and user-friendly energy performance prediction tool for non-specialists. Also, a database which allows building owners and users to compare best practices is required. In this regard, the current study developed a simplified performance prediction model through experimental design, energy simulations and ANOVA (analysis of variance). Furthermore, using the new prediction model, a related mobile application was also developed.