bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variants of fixing a deformed area on 3D models of neurocranium
Authors: Kazarnitsky Alexey ,   Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (the Kunstkamera) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pugacheva Ekaterina , Gromov Andrey , Uchaneva Evgenia ,   L’École normale supérieure
Published: July 2024

The morphology of skulls with occipito-parietal deformation is mainly influenced by two factors: the artificial deformation itself and the natural morphology of the skull. Basing on morphometric methods our study is focused on identifying possible interaction between these two factors. We suggested that reduction the analyzed area to the deformed region of the skull may provide a more precise understanding of the variation in occipitoparietal flattening. This study aims to test this hypothesis and new software. Three male samples of deformed skulls from different chronological horizons of the Okunev culture (Minusinsk Basin) and the Early Bronze Age of the northwestern Caspian Sea region (35 skulls) were analyzed. 3D Slicer and Landmark IDAV software were used to place landmarks and patches and two packages in R (Morpho and Geomorph) for statistical analysis and visualization. The number of landmarks varies during the analyses. The minimum number is 15 along the sagittal contour and maximum is 76 setting over three rectangular patches along the median line. In all cases, when data on full contours of the skulls were used the results of PCA show rather interpopulation variation instead of the variations in skull deformation itself. On the next stage the studied area was reduced to a triangular region covering the occipitoparietal area directly (with vertices at the Bregma and Asterions). In this case the analysis reveals actual differences in the degree of flattening between the groups. Therefore, we confirm the hypothesis that it is important to restrict topography of the study region of the skull. Analysis of the deformed region allows avoiding influence of the interpopulation differences. The 3D Slicer software is effective and suitable for studying variations in the shape of the neurocranium, including those with artificial deformation.
Paleolithic portable art in the collections of the Irkutsk Regional Art Museum (Buret’ site)
Authors: Lbova Ludmila ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Volkov Pavel ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2024

The collection of Buret’ site is one of the most important archaeological complexes of the Upper Paleolithic of Siberia. The decorative elements on the mobile art found at the site marks the “classical stage” of the Upper Paleolithic. Field research was carried out in 1936-1940, under the general leadership of A.P. Okladnikov. In the 2000s, due to new research methods and data obtained on the stratigraphy and archeology of cultural remains, the comprehension of the object changed. This article examines the issues of morphology, manufacturing technology and decoration of ivory sculptures in the collection of the V.P. Sukachev Irkutsk Regional Art Museum, excavated in 1940. During the research it was established that in the materials of Buret’, as in the “classic” Mal’ta’s Paleolithic collection, there were various technological methods for making anthropomorphic and zoomorphic figures, using a stable set of tools and technological standards. The technology for producing portable art objects on the territory of the Buret’ site is in many ways similar to that used at the Mal’ta site. The research revealed the main patterns of production for each of the identified morphological types of items at both sites. For each of the types of mobile art objects studied, the basic technology of their production was adapted and acquired characteristic features, manifested in the specifics of using the main tools. Systematization of the data obtained during the analysis of the material made it possible to exclude the version of a random, chaotic selection of the tools used. It should be noted that among the relatively low-quality production of most objects of Buret’s portable art, one example of ornithomorphic sculpture stands out, distinguished by the skill and care of its production, based on the use of more advanced technology and careful processing of ivory tusk. We assume that the production of portable art at the Buret’ site was serial in nature and did not have the features of individual craftsman creativity. The use of universal tools of production indicates the priority of mass production over individual motives.
Legal Protection for Communities Whose Land is Affected by Public Interest Development for Road Widening in Kuta, Central Lombok
Authors: Elfa Wietra Zharestha , Arba  , Djumardin
Published: July 2024

This research aims to analyze what is the form of legal protection for people whose land is affected by development for the public interest, are the current regulations sufficient to provide legal protection for people who own land rights who are directly affected by development for the public interest and what are the obstacles that arise in the process of land acquisition for development purposes? general. By using normative-empirical legal research methods. The results of this research show that the form of legal protection for people whose land is affected by development for the public interest is that the government must provide adequate compensation for the community because the taking of land rights must be balanced with appropriate compensation. The regulations currently in force are still not effective in providing protection due to factors such as the incompatibility of the amount of compensation and also because of the many derivative regulations under it or implementing regulations. The obstacles that often occur in land procurement in the field involve the amount of compensation value and also regarding the status of land ownership, where the land comes from inherited land.
Exploring Community-Based Interventions in Boys’ Education: Keeping Boys in School and Fighting Irregular 'Backway' Migration
Authors: Olagbaju Oladotun Opeoluwa
Published: July 2024

The study is an in-depth qualitative exploration of the factors contributing to school dropout rates among boys in Serrekunda, particularly in the context of the allure of irregular migration via the 'Backway'. Data was collected through semi-structured virtual interviews with key stakeholders in boys’ education in the Gambia and the United States. Using thematic analysis and triangulation, the findings reiterate the need for an integrative approach to address socio-economic, educational, and cultural factors to keep boys in school and fight irregular migration. The study uncovers best practices and evidence-based community-driven interventions to keep boys in school and increase school completion rates. The interventions include quality monitoring and mentoring, revitalizing after-school programs, enhancing the relevance of schoolwork to future career paths, school-community partnership, providing vocational training, and strengthening parental engagement. Recommendations include ways to explore community-based initiatives and adopt of best practices to keep boys in school and fight irregular migration in Gambia’s Serrekunda Metropolis by empowering boys with skills, knowledge, and opportunities for socio-economic advancement within their communities.
A Systematic Review of Resilience, Anxiety, and Suicidal Ideation in Adolescents
Authors: Radha  , Masih Preeti P.
Published: July 2024

Suicide is a big challenge in India. Adolescents frequently experience anxiety and suicidal ideation worldwide. Resilience is the capacity to bounce back from adversity and adjust to challenging circumstances. The purpose of this research is to understand the relationship between anxiety and resilience in suicidal ideation. We studied 54 citations of which 13 were found to be relevant and included in this study. The finding of the study is that there is a significant relationship between the level of anxiety with suicidal ideation. It is also found that resilience is negatively correlated with suicidal ideation.  Internal elements (personal traits, positive self-esteem and coping abilities) and external factors (inclusive environments and social support systems) all contribute to youth resilience, with age, gender, and indigenous identity playing crucial intersecting roles. Throughout the result, it can be concluded that a significant positive correlation was found between suicidal ideation and anxiety in adolescents. Adolescent suicide ideation decreases with decreasing anxiety levels. Suicidal ideation and resilience were discovered to be strongly and negatively associated to each other. The main strategy to prevent youth suicide is to foster resilience, however it's unclear how exactly these factors could shield young people from suicidality. From the conclusion, it is suggested that more intervention techniques be introduced that promote resilience among adolescents specifically, should be taken into consideration and incorporated into the school, and college curriculum.
La formación de periodistas en la era de la inteligencia artificial: aproximaciones desde la epistemología de la comunicación
Authors: Larrondo-Ureta Ainara , Peña-Fernández Simón
Published: July 2024

La automatización de redacciones y el uso de la inteligencia artificial generativa en las empresas de comunicación contribuye desde hace algún tiempo al debate teórico, ético y práctico en el ámbito del periodismo. Ante la evidencia de que la inteligencia artificial conlleva oportunidades, pero también desafíos para el ejercicio de la comunicación social y su enseñanza-aprendizaje, surgen las preguntas acerca de su impacto a nivel epistemológico y en habilidades no solo nucleares, sino también de tipo sociotecnológico y transversal vinculadas a la actividad informativa. En este contexto, este artículo reflexiona sobre los principales factores condicionantes de la incorporación de la inteligencia artificial en los planes de estudio actuales de comunicación, a partir de una reivindicación del valor de esta tecnología para desarrollar el periodismo como profesión al servicio de la sociedad, más allá de su utilidad intrínseca para optimizar los procesos de producción informativa.
THE INFLUENCE OF PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF EMPLOYEE STRESS
Authors: Yavorska Olena ,   Dnipro University of Technology, Cheberyachko Serhiy , Sokurenko Svitlana , Mukha Oleh , Yavorskyi Andrii , Zgersky Roman ,   Dnipro University of Technology,   Dnipro University of Technology,   Dnipro University of Technology,   Dnipro University of Technology,   Dnipro University of Technology
Published: July 2024

Purpose. Determining the impact of the presence of psychosocial factors on the development of stress among employees when performing production tasks to develop recommendations for reducing their impact. Methodology. To identify stress resistance, some methods were used to determine «Resistance to stress», and to find out their relationship to work, the «Burnout Syndrome» questionnaire was used. The applied methods were developed by specialists of the Institute of Psychology named after H.S. Kostiuka. Based on the recommendations of the ISO 45003:2021 standard, a special questionnaire has been developed to determine dangerous psychosocial factors that lead to the appearance of stress in a worker, the answers to which were evaluated on a Likert scale with points from 0 to 4. Results. The developed system for assessing psychosocial factors will enable users to systematically observe the state of psychological health of employees, the psychological climate in the organization, respond in a timely manner to expected problems, and develop preventive and corrective actions to normalize the situation. The results of the study showed that the majority of respondents (61 %) determined the presence of unrealistic deadlines set by their managers. Another largest group of occupational hazard factors is «aspects of work organization», where almost 39 % of participants complain about overtime work. It was determined that 82.2 % of employees struggle to maintain a work/life balance, and 17.8 % feel imbalanced due to the need to work in their free time and the negative impact of work on the ability to recover. Scientific novelty. The relationship between the development of the stress load and the group of factors called «aspects of work organization» in terms of setting unrealistic deadlines for the performance of a given number of production tasks has been established. Practical significance. As a result of the research, it has been found out that in order to improve the psychosocial climate and reduce the level of psychosocial risks, it is necessary to: balance work in the field of psychosocial support at the enterprise; increase the level of stress resistance of employees; improve their mental health; improve the efficiency of the enterprise. Keywords: psychosocial factor, questionnaire, stress, social factors, work organization.
DIGITAL MODELING OF DESTRUCTION OF DEGASSING PIPELINES IN UNDERGROUND MINE WORKINGS
Authors: Yegorchenko Rostyslav ,   Dnipro University of Technology, Kosenko Andrii , Kononenko Maksym ,   M.S.Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,   Dnipro University of Technology
Published: July 2024

Purpose. The purpose of the work is to simulate the process of corrosion formation on a degassing pipeline using Solid Works and COMSOL Multiphysics 5.6 software products. Methodology. Development of a mathematical model for establishing corrosion zones of a steel degassing gas pipeline and modeling the corrosion process in a mine environment using the SolidWorks and COMSOL Multiphysics 5.6 software package. Results. It has been established that the degassing network of mines is constantly under the influence of mechanical-electrochemical interaction, which manifests itself during longitudinal deformations of the rocks at the bottom of the mine workings. The high level of corrosion processes in underground pipelines is the result of the interaction of the metal, which acts as an electrode, with groundwater, which acts as an electrolyte; at the same time, the determining factors in the corrosion process are the electrical conductivity of the soil and deformation processes in pipelines. The primary corrosion protection of underground degassing pipelines can be considered as the improvement of methods for monitoring and maintaining the technical condition of mine degassing gas pipelines to eliminate mechanical deformations and the effects of aggressive groundwater. Scientific novelty. It has been established that the high level of corrosion processes in underground pipelines is the result of the interaction of the metal, which acts as an electrode, with groundwater, which acts as an electrolyte. At the same time, the determining factors of the corrosion process are the electrical conductivity of the rocks at the bottom of the mine workings and deformation processes in pipelines. Practical implication. The reasons for the low service life of underground degassing pipelines under the constant influence of mechanical and electrochemical corrosion have been determined. Keywords: degassing, vacuum underground gas pipeline, methane-air mixture, monitoring, corrosion, throughput.
Particle Swarm Optimization for Control Strategy of Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Authors: N.Abdul hussain Zahraa , Sh.Munahi Basil , K.Ali Abdul baki
Published: July 2024

This paper presents a particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) as a control strategy for the offline driving cycle to obtain the best torque distribution between the two sources: internal combustion engine (ICE) and the electric motor (EM). The purpose to minimize the fuel consumption, emissions, and maximize the state of charge of the battery for the model of power-split hybrid electric vehicles (PSHEV), while the requirements of the driving performance considered as constraints. The control strategy has been applied for the UDDS driving cycle under the Matlab Simulink software environment. The results of the value of fuel consumption compared with fuzzy logic control (FLC), the global optimization genetic algorithm (GA), and ADVISOR.  After comparing, the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the (PSO) algorithm over the mentioned methods in lowering fuel consumption by 8.87% for the (FLC),  22.6% for the GA. Maximizing the state of charge of the battery by 5.6% for the ADVISOR program and closest to optimal results for FLC
Pengaruh Air Daur Ulang dalam Hydrothermal Treatment Biomassa Benih Kacang Panjang (Vigna Sinensis L) terhadap Komposisi Kimia dan Sifat Fisik Produk Cair
Authors: Sari Devi Kurnia , Rosalia Dwi Werena
Published: July 2024

Dalam dunia industri pertanian, biomassa menjadi produk samping yang sangat berlimpah dan dapat menjadi sumber energi dalam proses konversi. Salah satu biomassa berasal dari benih kacang panjang tidak layak atau rejected sehingga berakhir menjadi limbah padat. Hydrothermal Treatment merupakan salah satu teknik konversi biomassa menghasilkan sumber energi namun kendala dari proses hydrothermal treatment adalah produk samping berupa air dari proses pemanasan yang berlebihan serta mengandung beberapa senyawa kimia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kandungan senyawa pada air dari hasil produk samping hydrothermal treatment biomassa benih kacang panjang dengan daur ulang air (recycle) sebagai tambahan untuk proses selanjutnya sebanyak 250 mL dan dilakukan 5 kali recycle dengan variasi temperatur yang digunakan 200℃ dan 220℃, rasio biomassa dan air sebesar 1:5 dengan residence time selama 60 menit. Hasil produk cair yang dianalisis dengan Gas Chromathography Mass Spectrometry menunjukkan bahwa kandungan senyawa 11-Octadecanoic Acid terdeteksi pada suhu 200℃ dan 220℃ pada daur ulang pertama dan kelima.
High precision determination of carbon isotope composition and concentration of dissolved inorganic carbon in seawaters
Authors: Dubinina E. , Kossova S. , Chizhova Y.
Published: July 2024

Determination of the isotopic composition and concentration of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in sea water requires not only high measurement accuracy, but also the development of unified approaches to data standardization and material collection. In this work, we studied the effect of sampling methods (“in a container” and “in a vial with acid”, with and without the toxin) on the results of determining the values of δ13C(DIC) and the concentration of DIC in sea water. The analytical protocol was described in detail, based on many years of experience in the selection, measurement and standardization of data obtained for a large number of water samples of the Arctic seas. According to this protocol, the values of δ13C(DIC) and [DIC] can be determined with an error of less than 0.05 ‰ (1σ) and 4.5 rel.% respectively. It has been shown that sampling “in a vial with acid” with their storage for 4 months is accompanied by significant contamination by atmospheric carbon dioxide with an underestimation of δ13C(DIC) values by an average of 0.3–0.8 ‰ and an overestimation of [DIC] values by an average of two times. The absence of the toxin that stops biological activity does not lead to significant shifts in the DIC concentration, but it strongly affects the δ13C(DIC) values, which become underestimated by an average of 1 ‰. Using sampling “in a container”, with toxin addition, and following other recommendations, the samples retain the isotope and concentration parameters of DIC for at least year.
The role of biochemical processes in formation of waters and bottom sediments after reduction of anthropogenic pollution
Authors: Moiseenko T. I. , Leummens E. O.
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to anthropogenic and biogeochemical processes that affect the water and bottom sediment (BS) formation of the subarctic Lake Imandra. The data of long-term observations were presented, showing changes in the water chemical composition during the period of maximum pollution and after decrease in anthropogenic load within the last 30 years. It was found that the content of toxic metals in water decreased, but due to climate warming, the input of organic matter and nutrients increased, which stimulated an increase in the intensity of production processes. Enrichment of water during the period of intensive heavy metal pollution led to their accumulation in bottom sediments (BS); the highest metal concentrations detected in the surface layers, which belong to the modern period of sedimentation. The development of oxygen-free conditions in bottom horizons due to sedimentation and oxidation of organic matter, which leads to metal cycling that prevents their burial was shown. Physicochemical and biogeochemical processes are considered as explaining the diffusion of metals to the surface of bottom sediments and the formation anomalously high concentrations of metals in the surface layers of BS. The hypothesis of the appearance of the diagenesis initial stage in bottom sediments was proposed.
Geochemical features of deluvial-lacustrine sedimentogenesis in the basin of lake Chistoye, Northern Priokhotsk area
Authors: Minyuk P. S. , Pozhidaeva D. K. , Sotskaya O. T. , Burnatny S. S.
Published: July 2024

The results of the geochemical study of loose sediments of the catchment basin and bottom sediments of Lake Chistoye, located in the Northern Priokhotye, showed that the lake was formed at the beginning of the early Holocene about 11200 cal. years ago. Terrigenous sedimentation dominates in it, i. e. the geochemical characteristics of sediments are determined by the particle sizes. Thin grain size sediments have low SiO2, Na2O, K2O, CaO, and Sr contents; and are enriched with Al2O3, TiO2, MgO, Fe2O3, and V. Changes in the nature of sedimentation may be due to climatic reasons and may be associated with cold Bond events. In the Early Holocene, mostly thin silts were deposited in Lake Chistoye. The impulse of “coarse-grained” sediments (140 microns) enriched with silica occurred (9760–9650) and 8810 cal. years ago. A noticeable accumulation of relatively coarse-grained sediments occurred at the very beginning of the Middle Holocene 8540–6920 cal. years ago, as well as 6140 and 4450 cal. years ago. For the Late Holocene, the input of detrital material with increased SiO2 contents was noted in the range of 3470–850 cal. years ago.
Double Dissociation of Cognitive Varies under Unilateral Radiation Exposure on the Hippocampus
Authors: Krotkova O. A. , Danilov G. V. , Galkin M. V. , Kuleva A. Yu. , Kaverina M. Yu. , Enikolopova E. V. , Strunina Yu. V. , Enikolopov G. N.
Published: July 2024

Although the key position of the hippocampus (HP) in memory processes is not in doubt, the specifics of its participation in cognitive processes are far from being established. At the same time, the role of the HP in differentiating the novelty of impressions is often discussed in the context of adult HP neurogenesis. Radiation exposure to the HP, which inhibits the processes of neurogenesis, can serve as a model for studying this relationship. A homogeneous sample of 28 patients with meningiomas of the chiasmal-sellar area adjacent to the HP was studied. 15 patients were diagnosed with a left-sided location of the tumor and 13 patients with a right-sided one. The two groups were comparable in terms of demographic, clinical and morphometric characteristics. In order to stop the growth of the tumor, the patients underwent radiation therapy (RT), in which the HP on the side of the pathological process was forced to receive a dose comparable to the dose in the tumor. The study using the original technique was carried out before the start of RT, immediately after its completion, 6 and 12 months after the end of RT. Data were obtained on earlier changes in memory characteristics mediated by the right hippocampal region, but at the same time — more pronounced long-term cognitive consequences of ionizing effects on the HP of the left hemisphere.
Adaptation of the Child’s Body to Primary School Education
Authors: Son’kin V. D. , Ermakova I. V. , Makarova L. V. , Paranicheva T. M.
Published: July 2024

The systematic review of the literature presents data on the factors of the school environment, as well as on the psychological, social and physiological aspects of the child’s adaptation to learning in primary school. The criteria for successful adaptation in this aspect are academic performance, behavior and inclusion of the child in the social environment, as well as moderate shifts in physiological indicators. Modern approaches to the study of physiological reactions associated with adaptation to school are described, based primarily on the dynamics of cortisol in saliva and the variability of biological rhythms. The role of health is emphasized and data on the adaptation of children with disabilities to school are presented. The important role of the mother and intra-family relations on the nature and effectiveness of adaptation processes is shown.
Method of splitting polarization coordinates for description of ultrafast multistage electron transfer in a non-debye medium
Authors: Feskov S. V.
Published: July 2024

A method for constructing the space of medium states in reactions of ultrafast multistage intramolecular electron transfer in media with several relaxation times is developed. The method uses the splitting of polarization coordinates into relaxation components, and is a generalization of two previously developed approaches used (1) to describe multistage reactions, and (2) to consider multicomponent relaxation. Within the suggested generalized scheme, a model of charge transfer in a three-center molecular system in the environment with a two-component relaxation function is considered, an algorithm for constructing the diabatic free energy surfaces of electronic states is described, a system of equations for the evolution of the distribution functions is written. The results of the general model are shown to reproduce well-known solutions in particular cases.
Kinetic features of the methylinoleate oxidation in micelles of sodium dodecyl sulfate
Authors: Molodochkina S. V. , Loshadkin D. V. , Pliss E. M.
Published: July 2024

By combining kinetic and physicochemical methods with computer simulation, new information was obtained on the oxidation of methyllinoleate (LH) in micelles of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) at 323 K. The dynamics of the process is related to the nature of the change in the volume of the micellar phase (Vmic). A gradual increase in Vmic leads to a decrease in the concentration of the oxidation substrate. This change occurs not only due to chemical reactions, but also due to a change in the volume of the microreactor in which the chemical transformation takes place. The accumulation of hydroperoxides inside those micelles in which LH is oxidized leads to the transformation of their structure and the formation of mixed micelles. Kinetic analysis shows that chain termination can occur by a mixed mechanism. The reaction order according to the initiator varies from 0.61 to 0.71. Leading oxidation chains, peroxy radicals (LO2•), are involved in both quadratic and linear termination. Linear termination occurs with the participation of hydroperoxyl radicals (HO2•). The formation of HO2• is due to the reaction LO2• → → product + HO2• occurring in the organic phase. The resulting HO2• goes into the aqueous phase, where the rate of their disproportionation is very low. Formally, this is fixed as a linear open circuit.
Thermochemical properties of trinitromethyl-1,3,5-triazines
Authors: Kon’kova T. S. , Miroshnichenko E. A. , Shastin A. V. , Makhov M. N. , Matyushin Yu. N. , Korsunskiy B. L.
Published: July 2024

The enthalpies of combustion and enthalpies of formation of three trinitromethyl derivatives of 1,3,5-triazine were determined by calorimetric method. The data obtained can be used for calculating the energy capabilities of related compounds by the method of replacing functional groups. As an example, the detonation characteristics of high-energy tris(trinitromethyl)-1,3,5-triazine are calculated.
Propargyl-substituted furazanoazepines: synthesis, structure, enthalpy of formation, ballistic efficiency
Authors: Lempert D. B. , Ignatieva E. L. , Stepanov A. I. , Dashko D. V. , Kazakov A. I. , Nabatova A. V. , Shilov G. V. , Lagodzinskaya G. V. , Korchagin D. V. , Aldoshin S. M.
Published: July 2024

7-Propargyl-7H-difurazano[3,4-b :3′,4′-f]furoxano[3″,4″-d]azepine (Az(O)Prg) and 7-propargyl-7H-trifurazano[3,4-b :3′,4′-d :3″,4″-f]azepine (AzPrg) as potential dispersants of solid fuels for gas-generating engines were synthesized for the first time. Their molecular structure, enthalpies of combustion and formation are determined. The relative aircraft flight range is estimated when using Az(O)Prg and AzPrg as fuel dispersants.
Mechanism of Sm2MoO6 phase formation from a mechanically activated oxide mixture
Authors: Baldin E. D. , Vorobieva G. A. , Kolbanev I. V. , Lyskov N. V. , Shlyakhtina A. V.
Published: July 2024

The mechanism of phase formation from (1) the initial and (2) the mechanically activated mixture of Sm2O3 + + MoO3 oxides has been studied by DSC in an oxygen atmosphere. It is shown that different mechanisms of samarium oxymolybdate synthesis are realised in these two cases. As a result of the mechanochemical action at room temperature, a nano-sized mixture of Sm2(MoO4)3 and Sm2O3 was obtained. Upon heating, the first stage is the crystallisation of Sm2(MoO4)3, whose interaction with Sm2O3 in the second stage at 900 °C leads to the synthesis of oxymolybdate Sm2MoO6 with the scheelite structure, and this structure type is stable up to 1400 °C. The kinetic experiment in a DSC cell shows only an apparent similarity of the phase formation mechanism with a decrease of the main exoeffects by 70 °C for a mechanically activated mixture of oxides. At the same time, the study of the mechanism of phase formation by isothermal exposure at different temperatures reveals the main advantages of ceramic synthesis from an activated oxide mixture:

partially mechanosynthesis of the intermediate compound Sm2(MoO4)3 takes place at room temperature;
the high degree of interaction between the mechanically activated oxides allows single phase ceramics to be synthesised in a single step over a wide temperature range.

The total conductivity of Sm2MoO6 with a scheelite structure, which turned out to be p-type (1 · 10−6 S/cm at 600 °C), was studied.
Effect of terahertz radiation on the transport properties of albumin: binding with metal ions
Authors: Nemova E. F. , Kobzeva T. V. , Dultseva G. G.
Published: July 2024

The effect of terahertz radiation on clusterization of bovine serum albumin (BSA) molecules and on BSA binding with nickel, cobalt and cadmium ions is investigated by means of high performance liquid chromatography and EPR spectroscopy under variation of the concentration of molecular oxygen in solution. Irradiation is detected to remove steric hindrance for oxygen adsorption. The degree of nickel and cobalt ion binding with irradiated BSA samples is substantially higher than with non-irradiated ones, while for cadmium the binding degree is the same and rather low in both cases. The functional groups in BSA molecule participating in metal ion binding are revealed by means of modeling.
Lipid-mediated effect of glycyrrhizin on the properties of the transmembrane domain of the E-protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus
Authors: Kononova P. A. , Selyutina O. Yu. , Polyakov N. E.
Published: July 2024

The interaction of glycyrrhizin with the transmembrane domain of the E-protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus (E-protein Trans-Membrane domain, ETM) in a homogeneous aqueous solution and in a model lipid membrane was studied using the selective nuclear Overhauser effect (selective NOESY) and NMR relaxation methods. The selective NOESY showed the presence of the interaction of glycyrrhizin with ETM in an aqueous solution, which is consistent with the literature modeling data, which indicate the possibility of penetration of the glycyrrhizin molecule into the channel formed by the ETM molecules. However, this conclusion is not confirmed by NOESY experiments in model lipid membranes, DMPC/DHPC bicelles. At the same time, the NMR relaxation method revealed the effect of glycyrrhizin on the mobility of both lipids and ETM molecules in bicelles. This suggests that GA affects the activity of the coronavirus E-protein indirectly through lipids.
Inglet oxygen generaion via silver nanoparticles UV-photoexcitation
Authors: Ershov K. S. , Valiulin S. V. , Pyryaeva A. P.
Published: July 2024

The NIR-luminescence of suspension of silver nanoparticles stabilized in distilled water has been investigated by photoexcitation of surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The observed short-living luminescence with the spectral maximum at 1300 nm is attributed to the singlet oxugen molecules luminescence. The singlet oxygen generation is assumed to pass in two stages as a result of three-photon process. First the one-photon SPR excitation of silver nanoparticle is occurred and leads to superoxide oxygen generation on the nanoparticle surface. Next the superoxide anion absorbs two more photons of the same laser pulse resulting in electron photodetachment with singlet oxygen formation. During a long period of UV-irradiation the studying suspension ceases to be photostable and sedimentation occurs. The sedimentation may be related to disturbance of nanoparticles steric stability resulting in more efficient superoxide anion adsorption on nanoparticles surface with silver oxide formation.
ON PIECEWISE CUBIC ESTIMATES OF THE VALUE FUNCTION IN THE PROBLEM OF TARGET CONTROL FOR A NONLINEAR SYSTEM
Authors: Tochilin P. A. , Chistyakov I. A.
Published: July 2024

A nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations with control parameters is considered. Pointwise restrictions are imposed on the possible values of these parameters. It is required to solve the problem of transferring the trajectory of the system from an arbitrary initial position to the smallest possible neighborhood of a given target set at a fixed time interval by selecting the appropriate feedback control. To solve this problem, it is proposed to construct a continuous piecewise cubic function of a special kind. The level sets of this function correspond to internal estimates of the solvability sets of the system. Using this function, it is also possible to construct a feedback control function that solves the target control problem at a fixed time interval. The paper proposes formulas for calculating the values of a piecewise cubic function, examines its properties, and considers an algorithm for searching for parameters defining this function.
FINITE STABILIZATION AND ASSIGNMENT OF A FINITE SPECTRUM BY A SINGLE CONTROLLER FOR INCOMPLETE MEASUREMENTS FOR LINEAR SYSTEMS OF NEUTRAL TYPE
Authors: Khartovskii V. E.
Published: July 2024

For linear autonomous differential-difference of a neutral type system, the existence criterion was proved and a method was proposed for designing a controller with feedback on the observed output, providing the closed loop system finite stabilization (solution to the problem of complete 0-controllability) and a finite predetermined spectrum. This makes the closed loop system exponentially stable. The constructiveness of the presented results is illustrated by an example.
ON THE EXISTENCE OF PERIODIC SOLUTIONS OF A SYSTEM OF ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS OF THE SECOND ORDER WITH QUASI-HOMOGENEOUS NON-LINEARITY
Authors: Naimov A. N. , Bystretsky M. V.
Published: July 2024

In the paper was investigated the a priori estimate and the existence of periodic solutions of a fixed period for a system of second-order ordinary differential equations with the main quasi-homogeneous non-linearity. It is proved that an a priori estimate of periodic solutions takes place if the corresponding unperturbed system does not have non-zero bounded solutions. Under the conditions of an a priori estimate, using methods for calculating the mapping degree of vector fields, a criterion for the existence of periodic solutions under any perturbation from a given class is formulated and proven. The results obtained differ from earlier results in that the set of zeros of the main non-linear part is not taken into account.
Dose-dependent Effects of Azospirilla Lectin on the Growth of wheat Seedlings under Salt Stress
Authors: Alen’kina S. А. , Кupryаshinа M. А.
Published: July 2024

The dose-dependent effect of the A. brasilense Sp7 lectin on the roots of 4-day-old wheat seedlings (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Saratovskaya 29) grown under simulated salt stress was studied. In the roots of wheat seedlings under salt stress, lectin increased the activity of peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, but decreased the activity of catalase. In the roots of stressed seedlings, lectin reduced the total protein content and lipid peroxidation causing membrane damage, but increased the content of secondary metabolites, such as the total amount of phenols and flavonoids. It was concluded that azospirillum lectins are involved in adaptive changes in the roots of wheat seedlings, due to which the relationship between bacteria and their hosts can be regulated when soil and climatic factors change.
Effect of Different Classes of Proteases on Techno-functional Properties of Pea Protein Isolates
Authors: Kravchenko I. V. , Furalyov V. A. , Kostyleva E. V. , Sereda A. S. , Kurbatova E. I. , Tsurikova N. V. , Pshennikova E. S. , Boyarintseva T. V. , Popov V. O. , Fedorov A. N.
Published: July 2024

The effect of four enzyme preparations: bacillolysin, agroprot, protozyme and protozyme C (Russia) on solubility, emulsifying activity, emulsion stability, foaming and foam stability of isolates preparated from two varieties of peas was studied. It is shown that treatment with enzymes can increase the solubility of isolates at pH 5 by more than 7 times, the index of emulsifying activity at pH 5 by 1.5 to 2 times, and at pH 6 by almost 1.5 times; the stability index of the emulsion increased by about 20% at pH 5, and by 1.7 times (in one of the varieties) at pH 6; foaming increased by 2.4 to 3 times at pH 5, and at pH 6 by 1.8 to 3.7 times; foam stability increased by 25 to 33% at pH 5 and by more than 1.5 times (in one of the varieties) at pH 6. The results obtained made it possible to select an enzyme preparation (bacterial alkaline serine protease) to improve the parameters of pea protein isolates intended for the manufacture of analogues of fermented milk products.
Assessment of the Nutrient and Metabolic Profile of the Chum Salmon (Oncorhynchus keta)
Authors: Abramova L. S. , Kozin A. V.
Published: July 2024

An analysis of the biological value of chum salmon showed that, in terms of the balance of the amino acid composition of the protein, chum salmon with spawning changes is not inferior to chum salmon without spawning changes (chum salmon “silver”). A higher content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in total lipids, including omega-3, was noted in chum salmon with spawning changes compared to chum salmon “silver”. The metabolic profile of chum salmon samples obtained by NMR spectroscopy showed that the levels of Asp, Glu and Glc markedly increase during spawning migration, which is explained by the limited feeding of fish. The total taste index was calculated of chum salmon «silver», which was 4.06 ± 0.11, and that chum salmon with spawning changes was 3.46 ± 0.09, therefore, according to taste sensations chum salmon «silver» has a richer taste compared to chum salmon with spawning changes. The results of the analysis of the nutritional value and metabolic profile of chum salmon with spawning changes can be used in the manufacture of minced fish for the subsequent production of specialized food products by introducing functional additives that balance the consistency, color, and also give a functional orientation.
Dependence of the Group Specificity of Immunoenzyme Determination of Penicillins in Milk on the Temperature and Duration of Antibiotic Cross Reactions with Polyclonal Antibodies
Authors: Kuprienko O. S. , Vashkevich I. I. , Zilberman A. I. , Sviridov O. V.
Published: July 2024

The influence of thermodynamic and kinetic conditions on the interaction of polyclonal antibodies to penicillins with the antibiotics of a penicillin group was studied in the system of a direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Minimum differences in the cross reactions of the polyclonal antibodies with different penicillins were observed when the ELISA was carried out at 4°C for 1 hour. An increase in temperature and duration of the assay led to an increase in antibodies reactivity only to amoxicillin, and significantly enhanced differences among the sensitivities of individual penicillins determination. Under the chosen assay conditions, the following antibodies cross-reactivity values were obtained: to penicillin G — 90%, to ampicillin — 100%, to amoxicillin — 110%. The analytical sensitivity was 0.03 ng/mL for ampicillin, and the limit of ampicillin quantification in milk was 0.4 μg/L. The developed group-specific ELISA was used for the determination in milk of seven penicillins that are regulatory controlled in foods and raw materials of animal origin — penicillin G, ampicillin, amoxicillin, cloxacillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin and nafcillin.
Mathematical modeling of the excessive 234U formation in groundwater
Authors: Tokarev I. V.
Published: July 2024

Excess of uranium-234 in natural water (ratio 234U/234U 1 in comparison to the equilibrium value as 1 by activity) correlates with global climate variations, increasing during warm and decreasing during cold periods. The hurricane disequilibrium of 234U/234U 10 are found in groundwater. Based on mathematical models, it is shown that such anomalies are the result of a geologically long stay of aquifers in a frozen state in the past and the subsequent melting of ground ice with the formation of “revived” water. Non-freezing film moisture present in permafrost rocks make a decisive contribution to the formation of hurricane 234U excess.
Seismicity and seismic mode in Sverdlovsk Region
Authors: Osipova A. Yu. , Osipov V. Yu. , Byzov D. D.
Published: July 2024

Sverdlovsk region is a major industrial center. There are mining enterprises, chemical plants, reservoirs, and high-capacity power plants. These objects are located close to large settlements. Currently, about 400 seismic events are recorded in the region annually. These are industrial explosions, rock bursts, rock tectonic events and tectonic earthquakes. Tectonic earthquakes are rare. For the period 1788–2022, about 30 tectonic earthquakes were recorded in Sverdlovsk region. The intensity of earthquakes at the epicenters was up to 5.0–6.0 on the MSK-64 scale. To ensure the seismic safety of objects of increased responsibility and especially important engineering structures, it is necessary to carry out studies on detailed seismic zoning of the territory under consideration. The article presents the results of seismological studies. Consolidated unified catalogue of seismic events that occurred in the Urals region was compiled. Historical and instrumental catalogue data for the period 1788–2022 served as the basis. In this paper, a repeatability graph is presented. The graph position below the abscissa scale indicates weak seismic activity in the region. Earthquakes with a magnitude of 2.5 ≤ MS ≤ 5.5 occurred over the period 1788–2022 on average with a frequency of less than 1 event per year. The resulting slope of the b-value repeatability graph is 0.6446 ± 0.1093. For a detailed knowledge of the repetition of earthquakes of various magnitudes in the area under consideration, a matrix of seismic activity A3.3 was constructed. In general, the observed area is weakly differentiated in terms of seismic activity (A3.3), which varies in the range of 0.001 ≤ A3.3 ≤ 0.011. At the same time, the highest values of A3.3 are observed in the western part of Sverdlovsk region within the coordinates 5730′–58 N, 5830′–60 E. The background values of seismic activity (A3.3=0.001) are typical for the eastern part of the Sverdlovsk region, located within the West Siberian plate. In the study area, the sources of most of perceptible earthquakes are localized in the depth interval of 10–15 km, which corresponds to the depths of the pre-Riphean crystalline basement rocks.
Geoecological assessment of water bodies in the drainage basin of the White Sea based on geomorphometric analysis of the relief
Authors: Polyakova E. V. , Kutinov Yu. G. , Chistova Z. B. , Mineev A. L.
Published: July 2024

In the article, the authors considered the eastern part of the White Sea drainage basin within the administrative boundaries of the Arkhangelsk region. The aim of the study was to assess the potential predisposition of the main rivers inf the Arkhangelsk region to the drift and accumulation of sedimentary material (including polluting material) based on the calculation of the geomorphometric parameters of the relief. Analysis of pollution sources at the global (European Center for Environmental Destabilization), regional (Kola industry) and local levels (enterprises of the Arkhangelsk region) showed that the region is a recipient of pollution. The main route of pollutant transport is atmospheric, which is further transformed during floods. At the local level, the transfer is carried out due to the runoff of water. In all of the above options, the nature of the relief has a dominant role in the redistribution of pollution. Each type of transport can be taken into account and evaluated when calculating the geomorphometric parameters of the relief, which quantitatively demonstrate the potential predisposition of the territory to the drift, transit and accumulation of sedimentary material. The high role of drainless depressions as receivers and accumulators of pollution in the calculation of runoff into surface and groundwater and the transfer of material, both in ionic and suspended form, is shown. Based on the calculation of such parameters as Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), Terrain Ruggedness Index (TRI), LS factor, it was concluded that in the basins of such large rivers of the Arkhangelsk region as the Northern Dvina and Pinega, the processes of washout and transit, and, as a result, the pollution transfer prevail. In the basins of the Onega and Mezen rivers, accumulation of sedimentary material is predominant.