bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Início e Fim da Estação Chuvosa no Estado de Minas Gerais: Comparação de Duas Metodologias Diferentes
Authors: Santos Luiz Fernando dos , Garcia Sâmia Regina
Published: April 2016

Resumo O Início e Fim da Estação Chuvosa (IEC e FEC, respectivamente) são encontrados em Minas Gerais (MG) para 1998-2012 através de duas metodologias: uma que utiliza dados diários de precipitação e outra que utiliza dados diários de Radiação de Onda Longa antissimétrico equatorialmente (ROLant). O IEC (FEC) é indicado pela mudança de sinal positivo-negativo (negativo-positivo) das médias espaciais do ROLant, como em Garcia e Kayano (2009; 2013), e, pelo método de Liebmann et al. (2007), determina-se pelo mínimo (máximo) da curva do acumulado das anomalias diárias de precipitação. Para comparação, as séries de precipitação diária na região também são analisadas. As datas de IEC encontradas por ambos os métodos são mais próximas entre si quando comparadas às do FEC, que apresenta maior variabilidade em ambos os métodos. Ambos os métodos detectam com qualidade as datas de IEC e FEC em MG, sendo discutidas suas principais diferenças. Cabe ressaltar que o método de Garcia e Kayano (2009;2013) é relativamente mais vantajoso quando comparado ao de Liebmann et al. (2007), pois utiliza dados de ROL, disponíveis em tempo quase real, diferente dos índices baseados em precipitação; e, ainda, por ser independente do período analisado, característica do método de Liebmann et al. (2007).
Performance of Three Single Instrument Systems in the Preparation of Long Oval Canals
Authors: Coelho Beatriz Serrato , Amaral Rodrigo Otavio Jatahy Ferreira do , Leonardi Denise Piotto , Marques-da-Silva Bruno , Silva-Sousa Yara Teresinha Corrêa , Carvalho Fredson Marcio Acris de , Baratto-Filho Flares
Published: April 2016

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the Wave One, Easy ProDesign Logic and One Shape systems in the preparation of long oval root canals. Forty-two mandibular incisors were randomized into three groups: Group I, Wave One Primary (WO) (#25.08); Group II, Easy ProDesign Logic (EPL) (#25.06) and Group III, One Shape (OS) (#25.06). Micro-computed tomography scans were obtained pre- and post-preparation of the samples. Instrument fractures or loss of working length did not occur in any of the groups. There was a statistically significant difference in total root canal volume between the WO and EPL (p<0.05) and OS systems (p<0.05) The mean percentages of instrumented canal area in the middle thirds were 76.9% in the WO, 62.3% in the EPL and 71.8% in the OS (p>0.05). The OS system had the strongest correlation between volume increase and instrumented area (R=0.63). The WO, EPL and OS systems presented mean preparation times of 2.13 min, 0.54 min, and 2.21 min (p<0.05), respectively. All three systems enabled the safe preparation of long oval root canals. The WO system most effectively increased root canal volume, but it did not affect the instrumented areas. The OS system had the strongest correlation between volume increase and instrumented area, while the EPL system was the fastest.
Apical Extrusion of Debris and Irrigants Using Different Irrigation Needles
Authors: Silva Paula Barcellos , Krolow Angélica Mohnsam , Pilownic Katerine Jahnecke , Casarin Renata Picanço , Lima Regina Karla Pontes , Leonardo Renato de Toledo , Pappen Fernanda Geraldo
Published: April 2016

Abstract This study evaluated the influence of irrigation tip, root canal curvature and final apical diameter on periapical debris and irrigant extrusion during root canal instrumentation. After being classified as mildly or moderately curved, the mesiobuccal root canals of 90 human molars were instrumented. The teeth were allocated into three groups according to the used needle type: a flat open-end needle (Group 1), a side-vented needle (Group 2) or a double side-vented needle (Group 3). The amount of extruded material after instrumentation was calculated for each group. The differences in irrigant and debris extrusion between the experimental groups were analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U test. Irrigation tips and final instrument diameter differences were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test. Multiple groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney U-test with a Bonferroni correction at α=0.05. The amount of extruded material from the double side-vented needle was significantly less than the open-ended flat needle (p=0.008), but there was no difference compared to the side-vented needle (p=0.929). The results showed no effect of root curvature and final apical diameter on the amount of irrigant and debris extrusion (p>0.05). The double side-vented needles generated the least material extrusion to the periapical tissues. Irrigation needle type had the greatest influence on periapical irrigant and debris extrusion and the double side-vented needles may be safely used during endodontic therapy.
In Vitro Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Three Root-End Filling Materials in Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts
Authors: Coaguila-Llerena Hernán , Vaisberg Abraham , Velásquez-Huamán Zulema
Published: April 2016

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the cytotoxicity on human periodontal ligament fibroblasts of three root-end filling materials: MTA Angelus(r), EndoSequence Root Repair Material Putty(r) and Super EBA(r). A primary culture of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts was previously obtained in order to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the three extracts from the root-end filling materials after 2 and 7 days of setting. Serial dilutions of these extracts (1:1, 1:2, 1:4 and 1:8) were evaluated at 1, 3 and 7 days using the methyl-thiazol-tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetric assay. Cell viability was evaluated as percentage of the negative control group, which represented 100% cell viability. Statistical analyses were done with t-test, ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test at a significance level of 5%. It was found that the main difference among root-end filling materials was in the higher dilutions (p<0.05), but there was a similar behavior in lower dilutions (p>0.05). Cell viability of MTA Angelus(r) was superior for 2-day setting (p<0.05), compared with the other two root-end fillings. There were no statistically significant differences between 7-day set MTA Angelus(r) and EndoSequence Root Repair Material Putty(r). Super EBA(r) showed the lowest percentage of cell viability at higher dilutions (p<0.05). Therefore, MTA Angelus(r) and EndoSequence Root Repair Material Putty(r) were less cytotoxic in the highest dilution (1:1) compared with Super EBA(r).
Effect of 15% Alcohol Dependence on Alveolar Bone Loss and TNF-α Secretion in Wistar Rats
Authors: Wagner Marcius Comparsi , Rocha José Mariano da , Gaio Eduardo José , Cavagni Juliano , Carrard Vinícius Coelho , Rösing Cassiano Kuchenbecker
Published: April 2016

Abstract The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of 15% alcohol dependence on ligature-induced alveolar bone loss and TNF- secretion in Wistar rats. Thirty-three male Wistar rats aged 45-60 days (mean weight=253 g) were randomly allocated test or control groups. Test group (n=18) received 15% alcohol as liquid intake and control group (n=15) received water during the experimental period. TNF-α was analyzed by ELISA assay in 11 animals per group. After 14 days of alcohol/water intake, alcohol dependency was assessed and silk ligatures were placed around the left second upper molars. Ligature presence and body weight were checked weekly. After 40 days, animals were sacrificed and the maxillae were defleshed for morphometric analysis using standardized images. All animals in the test group displayed signs of alcohol dependency at day 14. No statistically significant differences in final body weight (334.83±21.38 vs. 322.48±30.65 g, p=0.20) were observed between groups. In relation to alveolar bone loss, no statistically significant difference was observed among test and control groups both for ligated teeth (0.76±0.06 vs. 0.74±0.10 mm, p=0.60) and unligated teeth (0.41±0.16 vs. 0.35±0.05 mm, p=0.22). The TNF-α secretion also did not display statistically significant differences between test and control groups (10.78±1.84 vs. 12.13±2.11 pg/mL, p=0.12). It may be concluded that 15% alcohol dependency was not capable to alter alveolar bone loss and TNF-α secretion in Wistar rats.
Biofilm Formation on Different Materials Used in Oral Rehabilitation
Authors: Souza Júlio C. M. , Mota Raquel R. C. , Sordi Mariane B. , Passoni Bernardo B. , Benfatti Cesar A. M. , Magini Ricardo S.
Published: April 2016

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the density and the morphological aspects of biofilms adhered to different materials applied in oral rehabilitation supported by dental implants. Sixty samples were divided into four groups: feldspar-based porcelain, CoCr alloy, commercially pure titanium grade IV and yttria-stabilized zirconia. Human saliva was diluted into BHI supplemented with sucrose to grow biofilms for 24 or 48 h. After this period, biofilm was removed by 1% protease treatment and then analyzed by spectrophotometry (absorbance), colony forming unit method (CFU.cm-2) and field-emission guns scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM). The highest values of absorbance and CFU.cm-2 were recorded on biofilms grown on CoCr alloys when compared to the other test materials for 24 or 48 h. Also, FEG-SEM images showed a high biofilm density on CoCr. There were no significant differences in absorbance and CFU.cm-2 between biofilms grown on zirconia, porcelain and titanium (p<0.05). Microbiological assays associated with microscopic analyses detected a higher accumulation of oral biofilms on CoCr-based materials than that on titanium or zirconia that are used for prosthetic structures.
Stress Distribution in Roots Restored with Fiber Posts and An Experimental Dentin Post: 3D-FEA
Authors: Diana Hugo Henrique , Oliveira Juliana Santos , Ferro Mariana Carolina de Lara , Silva-Sousa Yara T. Corrêa , Gomes Érica Alves
Published: April 2016

Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the stress distribution in radicular dentin of a maxillary canine restored with either a glass fiber post, carbon fiber post or an experimental dentin post using finite element analysis (3D-FEA). Three 3D virtual models of a maxillary canine restored with a metal-ceramic crown and glass fiber post (GFP), carbon fiber post (CFP), and experimental dentin post (DP) were obtained based on micro-CT images. A total of 180 N was applied on the lingual surface of the incisal third of each tooth at 45 degrees. The models were supported by the periodontal ligament fixed in three axes (x=y=z=0). The von Mises stress (VMS) of radicular dentin and the intracanal posts was calculated. The structures of all groups showed similar values (MPa) and distribution of maximum von Mises stress. Higher stress was found in the apical third of dentin while the posts presented homogeneous stress distribution along the axis. The fiber and dentin posts exhibited similar stress values and distribution. Thus, the experimental dentin post is a promising restorative material.
Acid Etching and Surface Coating of Glass-Fiber Posts: Bond Strength and Interface Analysis
Authors: Cecchin Doglas , Farina Ana Paula , Vitti Rafael Pino , Moraes Rafael Ratto , Bacchi Ataís , Spazzin Aloísio Oro
Published: April 2016

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the bond strength of a composite resin to glass-fiber post (GFP) treated or not with phosphoric acid, silane coupling agent, and unfilled resin. GFPs were etched or not with 37% phosphoric acid and different surface coating applied: silane coupling agent, unfilled resin, or both. Composite resin blocks were built around a 4-mm height on the GFP. Unfilled resin (20 s) and composite resin (40 s) were light activated by a light-emitting diode unit. The specimens were stored in distilled water at 37 °C for 24 h. Microtensile bond test was performed using a mechanical testing machine until failure (n=10). The data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by Student-Newman-Keuls' test (p<0.05). Failure modes were classified as adhesive, mixed, or cohesive failures. Additional specimens (n=3) were made to analyze the bonded interfaces by scanning electron microscopy. The statistical analysis showed the factor 'surface coating' was significant (p<0.05), whereas the factor 'HP etching' (p=0.131) and interaction between the factors (p=0.171) were not significant. The highest bond strength was found for the silane and unfilled resin group (p<0.05). A predominance of adhesive and cohesive failures was found. Differences regarding the homogeneity and thickness of the unfilled resin layer formed by different GFP surface treatments were observed. The application of silane and unfilled resin can improve the bond strength between GFP and resin composite.
Effect of Polymerization Cycles on Gloss, Roughness, Hardness and Impact Strength of Acrylic Resins
Authors: Consani Rafael Leonardo Xediek , Folli Bianca L. , Nogueira Moises C. F. , Correr Americo Bortolazzo , Mesquita Marcelo F.
Published: April 2016

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the conventional and boiled polymerization cycles on gloss, roughness, hardness and impact strength of acrylic resins. Samples were made for each Classico and QC-20 materials (n=10) in dental stone molds obtained from rectangular metallic matrices embedded in metallic flasks. The powder-liquid ratio and manipulation of the acrylic resins' were accomplished according to manufacturers' instructions and the resins were conventionally packed in metallic flasks. After polymerization by (1) conventional: 74 °C for 9 h (Classico) and (2) boiled: 20 min (QC-20) cycles, the samples were deflasked after cooling at room temperature and conventionally finished and polished. The properties were evaluated after storage in water at 37 °C for 24 h. Gloss was verified with Multi Gloss 268 meter (Konica Minolta), surface roughness was measured with Surfcorder SE 1700 rugosimeter (Kosaka), Knoop hardness number was obtained with HMV-200 microdurometer, and impact strength was measured in an Otto Wolpert-Werke device by Charpy system (40 kpcm). Data were subjected to Student's t-test (at α=0.05). The results were: Gloss: 67.7 and 62.2 for Classico and QC-20 resins, respectively; Surface roughness: 0.874 and 1.469 Ra-µm for Classico and QC-20, respectively; Knoop hardness: 27.4 and 26.9 for Classico and QC-20, respectively; and Impact strength: 37.6 and 33.6 kgf/cm2 for Classico and QC-20, respectively. No statistically significant difference (p>0.05)were found between the resins for the evaluated properties. In conclusion, conventional and boiled polymerization cycles had similar effects on gloss, roughness, hardness and impact strength of both Classico and QC-20 resins.
Yield, water use efficiency, and yield response factor in carrot crop under different irrigation depths
Authors: Carvalho Daniel Fonseca de , Oliveira Neto Dionizio Honório de , Felix Luiz Fernando , Guerra José Guilherme Marinho , Salvador Conan Ayade
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of different irrigation depths on the yield, water use efficiency (WUE), and yield response factor (Ky) of carrot (cv. 'Brasília') in the edaphoclimatic conditions of Baixada Fluminense, RJ, Brazil. Field trials were conducted in a Red-Yellow Argisol in the 2010-2011period. A randomized block design was used, with 5 treatments (depths) and 4 replicates. Depths were applied by drippers with different flow rates, and the irrigation was managed by time domain reflectometry (TDR) technique. The reference (ETo) and crop (ETc) evapotranspiration depths reached 286.3 and 264.1mm in 2010, and 336.0 and 329.9mm in 2011, respectively. The root yield varied from 30.4 to 68.9t ha-1 as a response to treatments without irrigation and 100% replacement of the soil water depth, respectively. Values for WUE in the carrot crop varied from 15 to 31kg m-3 and the mean Ky value was 0.82. The mean values for Kc were obtained in the initial (0.76), intermediate (1.02), and final (0.96) stages. Carrot crop was influenced by different water depths (treatments) applied, and the highest value for WUE was obtained for 63.4% of soil water replacement.
Histopathology from liver of tuvira ( Gymnotus spp.) parasitized by larvae of nematodes
Authors: Ventura Arlene Sobrinho , Ishikawa Márcia Mayumi , Gabriel Andrea Maria de Araújo , Silbiger Helcy Lylian Nogueira , Cavichiolo Fabiana , Takemoto Ricardo Massato
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the histological changes in the liver of thirty-five Gymnotusspp. parasitized by endohelminths collected between April 2012 to October 2013 in commercial bait fish farming of Pantanal basin. Histological cuts of 7µm were stained with hematoxylin-eosin for parasites research and liver changes and have also been submitted to the Perls histochemical method for evaluation of hemosiderosis (Fe+++) based on the incidence degree and severity of change (Grade I, II and III) and tests for the presence of central melanomacrophages. Parasites identified were: Brevimulticaecumsp. with a prevalence of 22,9%, Eustrongylidessp 17,1%, Contracaecumtype I 68,7%, Contracaecumtype II 5,7%, Contracaecumtype III 5,7% and larvae of Anisakidae11,4%. Histological analysis showed intense disorganization of hepatic parenchyma with degenerate hepatocytes due to high parasitic infection, changes that can be deleterious and compromise the organism functioning, being harmful to the health of evaluated animals. Also evidencing normal tissue interleaved with different stages of Fe+++ deposit in grades II and III, injuring or destroing the cell. Histopathological changes in the tuvira's liver suggested a chronic response and the development of a balance relation between tuvira and parasitism by endohelminth identified in this study. There are also a testimony to the health condition of commercial bait fish farming on current ecosystem conditions.
An approach on phytoalexins: function, characterization and biosynthesis in plants of the family Poaceae
Authors: Arruda Rejanne Lima , Paz Andressa Tuane Santana , Bara Maria Teresa Freitas , Côrtes Márcio Vinicius de Carvalho Barros , Filippi Marta Cristina Corsi de , Conceição Edemilson Cardoso da
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT: Phytoalexins are compounds that have been studied a few years ago, which present mainly antimicrobial activity. The plants of the family Poaceae are the most geographically widespread and stand out for their economic importance, once they are cereals used as staple food. This family stands out for having a variety of phytoalexins, which can be synthesized via the shikimic acid (the phenylpropanoids), or mevalonic acid, being considered terpenoid phytoalexins. The characterization of these compounds with antimicrobial activity is carried out using chromatographic techniques, and the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with mass spectrometry are the most efficient methods in this process. This research aimed to present an approach of the function, characterization and biosynthesis of phytoalexins in plants of the family Poaceae.
Uma formação pedagógica inovadora como caminho para a construção de saberes docentes no Ensino Superior
Authors: Junges Kelen dos Santos , Behrens Marilda Aparecida
Published: April 2016

Resumo A docência universitária exige, além de conhecimentos sobre a área específica de formação, que o professor domine os fundamentos pedagógicos do processo de ensino-aprendizagem, aliados aos saberes de sua experiência e de sua produção científica. Com este desafio, este artigo objetiva analisar a formação pedagógica numa perspectiva inovadora como caminho para a construção de saberes docentes no Ensino Superior, com vistas a uma mudança em sua prática. A pesquisa adotou como metodologia a pesquisa-ação, em um programa de formação pedagógica, numa instituição de Ensino Superior pública municipal. O programa ocorreu durante um ano letivo, totalizando dez encontros. Em cada encontro eram discutidos e refletidos temas e situações sugeridos pelos próprios professores universitários envolvidos. Como instrumento de coleta de dados foi utilizado uma entrevista semiestruturada com dez dos professores participantes do processo formativo. Os dados da pesquisa permitem afirmar que a participação do professor universitário numa formação pedagógica que o leve a refletir, a ter consciência de sua ação e de sua trajetória, a ampliar sua percepção e conceitos sobre a docência, possibilita a construção de saberes que podem gerar mudanças significativas em sua prática docente em sala de aula. Considerou-se que a formação proporcionada pela pesquisa-ação levou os professores entrevistados a compreenderem que a docência universitária vai mais além do que dominar conteúdos, englobando competências específicas, saberes de natureza pedagógica e humana.
Culturas digitais e tecnologias móveis na educação
Authors: Lucena Simone
Published: April 2016

Resumo O século XX foi marcado pela inserção das tecnologias da informação e comunicação (TIC) conectadas em rede, em diferentes setores sociais. Agora, no século XXI, vivenciamos, de forma mais intensa, o uso das tecnologias móveis e de redes sociodigitais que nos colocam em constante interação com (ciber)espaços sociotécnicos. Nesses espaços, a comunicação ocorre em lugares não fixos, registrando fatos e informações no instante em que eles acontecem. Os jovens são os que mais utilizam esta forma de comunicação, tornando-a uma marca, umhabitus dessa geração que se caracteriza, dentre outros fatores, pela intensa imersão nas culturas digitais. São jovens que já não aceitam mais formas convencionais de ensinar e aprender, pois aprenderam, com as tecnologias e as redes, a interagir, a produzir e a publicar. Estes são alguns dos desafios que temos para a educação, principalmente para a formação inicial dos docentes, futuros professores, que realizam estágio supervisionado nas escolas do Ensino Fundamental. Para compreender estes desafios e encontrar possíveis caminhos, o Grupo de Pesquisa em Educação e Culturas Digitais (ECult) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), vinculado à Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS), tem desenvolvido pesquisas que discutem esta temática. Porém, torna-se necessário ampliar a realização de pesquisas com este tema em outros Programas de Pós-Graduação em Educação.
O saber-pesquisar sob o olhar de quem está entrando na Pós-Graduação em Educação
Authors: Dieb Messias
Published: April 2016

Resumo No presente artigo discuto a relação do pesquisador iniciante com a atividade de pesquisa no campo educacional, a partir das ideias de Charlot (2000) sobre as relações do sujeito com o mundo, com os outros e consigo mesmo na construção de si e de seus saberes. Na constituição dos dados, 30 mestrandos do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação, da Universidade Federal do Ceará e da Universidade Estadual do Ceará, escreveram um balanço de seus saberes sobre o que é pesquisar. Para eles, a pesquisa é uma ação formativa que visa à solução de problemas da realidade social e de questões que afligem diretamente o professor. Finalizo, refletindo sobre alguns desafios na trajetória de pesquisa desses estudantes, os quais consideram a atividade como um elemento importante para o seu desenvolvimento profissional.
Família, dificuldades no aprendizado e problemas de comportamento em escolares
Authors: Marturano Edna Maria , Elias Luciana Carla dos Santos
Published: April 2016

Resumo Nos anos escolares, família e escola são contextos em que se engendram mecanismos de risco e proteção para trajetórias favoráveis ou não de desenvolvimento das crianças. Dificuldades adaptativas precoces, expressas em altos níveis de problemas emocionais e/ou comportamentais, têm sido associadas a trajetórias desfavoráveis. O presente estudo objetivou testar um modelo de predição de problemas de comportamento em escolares, tendo como preditores variáveis de apoio ao desenvolvimento e adversidade no contexto familiar, bem como a presença da queixa escolar, sinalizando adversidade no contexto escolar. Participaram 60 crianças, de 7 a 11 anos, e suas mães, recrutadas em escola pública de Ensino Fundamental e em clínica-escola de psicologia. Os instrumentos utilizados foram Matrizes Progressivas Coloridas de Raven, Inventário de Comportamento da Infância e Adolescência (CBCL), Inventário de Recursos do Ambiente Familiar (RAF), subescala Vida Familiar, da Escala de Eventos Adversos (EEA). A coleta ocorreu na clínica e na escola. Os dados foram analisados por meio de regressão linear múltipla, verificando-se o poder explicativo das variáveis ambientais sobre os desfechos comportamentais. Os resultados apontaram a adversidade escolar como principal preditor de problemas de atenção, problemas sociais e comportamento agressivo. A adversidade familiar foi associada a problemas internalizantes e externalizantes. Duas modalidades de apoio familiar (rotina regular no dia a dia e atividades de lazer no tempo livre) parecem implicadas na atenuação dos problemas de comportamento. Destaca-se que esses são recursos passíveis de intervenção.
Crianças e adolescentes com problemas emocionais e comportamentais têm necessidade de políticas de inclusão escolar?
Authors: Gauy Fabiana Vieira
Published: April 2016

Resumo Este trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar o perfil de crianças encaminhadas para serviços de saúde mental e discutir o impacto dos problemas funcionais apresentados em escolares, que podem estar sendo negligenciados pelas políticas públicas brasileiras. Os dados de 160 escolares, de ambos os sexos, foram coletados em três serviços médicos de saúde mental com os respectivos cuidadores, a partir de dois instrumentos: ficha de identificação para caracterizar os participantes, os cuidadores, o perfil sociodemográfico, o responsável pelo encaminhamento e a queixa; e Inventário dos Comportamentos para Crianças e Adolescentes entre 6 e 18 anos (CBCL6/18 anos). Os dados obtidos evidenciam uma alta demanda devido a dificuldades emocionais/comportamentais, combinadas com dificuldades de aprendizagem, de relacionamento e na vida diária, denominadas pelo Ministério da Educação (MEC) como transtornos funcionais, não atendidas pelas políticas de Ensino Especial, encaminhadas por postos de saúde e médicos, e não prioritariamente pela escola, encaminhador padrão. Exceto pelo encaminhamento, os dados são consistentes com a literatura, que aponta uma alta incidência dessas dificuldades em crianças e adolescentes, geradores de barreiras acadêmicas e de problemas de alto impacto ao longo da vida acadêmica e pessoal. A esse respeito, modelos de intervenções baseadas em escola têm de forma crescente ampliado o conceito de inclusão e apontado alternativas promissoras de aliança entre escola e serviços de saúde mental, o que pode vir a inspirar futuras políticas públicas na área.
Generar "comportamientos inclusivos" como herramienta para operativizar la inclusión
Authors: Casado Inmaculada Sánchez , Díaz Antonio Ventura Díaz
Published: April 2016

Resumen El presente artículo trata de analizar un campo emergente en los nuevos diseños psico-instruccionales desde el punto de vista inclusivo. La incertidumbre y los vertiginosos cambios que se están produciendo en la sociedad en general y en el sistema educativo, en particular durante esta era postmoderna de la llamada cuarta revolución, activan una urgente re-adaptación del comportamiento docente tanto en los sistemas de garantía de calidad como en la práctica diaria desde el nuevo modelo inclusivo de psicología positiva; cuya idea-fuerza subyacente no es otra que permitir un comportamiento auténticamente inclusivo desde la propia voluntariedad de la acción docente, y evitar de esta forma el consiguiente malestar personal y por ende socio-laboral.
Role of NO in arterial vascular function of intertidal fish (Girella laevifrons) and marine fish (Isacia conceptionis)
Authors: Moraga F. A. , Urriola-Urriola N.
Published: April 2016

Abstract Previous studies performed in intertidal fish (Girella laevifrons),as well as marine fish (Isacia conceptionis), showed that acetylcholine (ACh) produced contractions mediated by cyclooxygenases that were dependent on the area and potency of contraction in several arterial vessels. Given that the role of nitric oxide is poorly understood in fish, the objective of our study was to evaluate the role of nitric oxide in branchial afferent (ABA), branchial efferent (ABE), dorsal (DA) and mesenteric (MA) arterial vessels from both Girella laevifrons and Isacia conceptionis. We studied afferent and efferent branchial, dorsal and mesenteric arteries that were dissected from 6 juvenile specimens. Isometric tension studies were done using dose response curves (DRC) for Ach (10–13 to 10–3 M) and blockade with L-NAME (10–5 M), and DRC for sodium nitroprusside (SNP, a donor of NO). L-NAME produced an attenuation of the contractile response in the dorsal, afferent and efferent branchial arteries and a potentiation of the contraction in the MA. SNP caused 70% dilation in the mesenteric artery and 40% in the dorsal artery. Our results suggest that Ach promotes precarious dilatation in MA mediated by NO; data that is supported by the use of sodium nitroprusside. In contrast, in the vessels DA, ABA and EBA our results support that the pathway Ach-NO-relaxation is absent in both species.
Traditional knowledge and uses of the Caryocar brasiliense Cambess. (Pequi) by “quilombolas” of Minas Gerais, Brazil: subsidies for sustainable management
Authors: Pinto L. C. L. , Morais L. M. O. , Guimarães A. Q. , Almada E. D. , Barbosa P. M. , Drumond M. A.
Published: April 2016

Abstract Local knowledge of biodiversity has been applied in support of research focused on utilizing and management of natural resources and promotion of conservation. Among these resources, Pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Cambess.) is important as a source of income and food for communities living in the Cerrado biome. In Pontinha, a “quilombola” community, which is located in the central region of State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, an ethnoecological study about Pequi was conducted to support initiatives for generating income for this community. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and crossing. The most relevant uses of Pequi were family food (97%), soap production (67%), oil production (37%), medical treatments (17%), and trade (3%). Bees were the floral visitors with the highest Salience Index (S=0.639). Among frugivores that feed on unfallen fruits, birds showed a higher Salience (S=0.359) and among frugivores who use fallen fruits insects were the most important (S=0.574). Borers (folivorous caterpillars) that attack trunks and roots were the most common pests cited. According to the respondents, young individuals of Pequi are the most affected by fire due to their smaller size and thinner bark. Recognition of the cultural and ecological importance of Pequi has mobilized the community, which has shown interest in incorporating this species as an alternative source of income.
Antimitotic and antimutagenic action of the Hymenaea stigonocarpa bark on dividing cells
Authors: Santana G. M. , Deus M. S. M. , Sousa J. M. C. , Ferreira P. M. P. , Fernandes H. B. , Peron A. P.
Published: April 2016

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the action of Hymenaea stigonocarpa bark hydroalcoholic extract against a mutagenic compound using A. cepa meristematic root cells as a test system. The treatment groups were: Negative Control (NC) – distilled water; Positive Control (PC) – paracetamol at a concentration of 0.008 mg/mL, Jatoba Control (JC) – aqueous fraction jatobá-do-cerrado at 0.5 or 1.0 or 1.5 mg/mL, and Simultaneous Treatment (ST) - jatobá-do-cerrado aqueous fraction at a concentration of 0.5 or 1.0 or 1.5 mg/mL associated with paracetamol solution at a concentration of 0.008 mg/mL. All groups were analyzed at 24 and 48 h. Five onion bulbs (five replications) were used for each treatment group. The root tips were fixed in Carnoy and slides prepared by the crush technique. Cells were analyzed throughout the cell cycle, totaling 5,000 for each treatment group at each exposure time. Mitotic indices were subjected to statistical analysis using the chi-square test (p<0.05). From the results it was found that the ST group, at the three concentrations, significantly potentiated the antiproliferative effect of the test system cells when compared to PC, NC and TJ at the three concentrations. Furthermore, the three ST concentrations significantly reduced the number of cell aberrations when compared to the number of aberrant cells obtained for the PC, demonstrating antimutagenic action on the A. cepa test system cells.
Post-injection embolia cutis medicamentosa – Nicolau Syndrome: case report and literature review
Authors: Chagas Carlos Alberto Araujo , Leite Tulio Fabiano de Oliveira , Pires Lucas Alves Sarmento
Published: April 2016

Abstract We report on the case of a 40-year-old male who was admitted to the clinic with a large ulcer on his left buttock, 3 days after an intramuscular benzathine penicillin injection. The patient was diagnosed with Nicolau syndrome, a rare vascular complication in which a lesion develops after intramuscular injection. Symptoms are intense pain at the injection site, erythema, and livedoid dermatitis, which leads to necrosis of skin, subcutaneous tissue and muscle tissue. It was described by Nicolau after intramuscular injections of bismuth salt for syphillis therapy. Nicolau syndrome is rare, but its symptoms are devastating and healthcare professionals must be aware of this clinical entity, since intramuscular injections are common procedures for administration of drugs.
Growth surveillance in the context of the Primary Public Healthcare Service Network in Brazil: literature review
Authors: Pedraza Dixis Figueroa
Published: April 2016

Abstract Objectives: to identify and analyze the scientific literature on child growth monitoring in the context of the primary public healthcare service network in Brazil, focusing on the main problems detected in studies. Methods: the review was based on searches ofSciELO, Lilacs and PubMed databases to identify articles published between 2006 and 2014. The articles were categorized according to the analytical categories of structure (items needed to carry out primary activities) or work processes (set of activities and procedures used in the management of resources). Results: of the 16 articles included in this review, only six dealt with structure and, in these, thetraining of professionals and availability of protocols were the most frequently identified problems. Processes, addressed in 15 articles, highlighted the underutilization of Child Health Handbook to record growth measurements and the adoption of guidelines on the basis of notes taken. Conclusions: the difficulties found demonstrate the everyday circumstances of the public health service which have a detrimental effect on growth surveillance.
Fatores associados à violência obstétrica na assistência ao parto vaginal em uma maternidade de alta complexidade em Recife, Pernambuco
Authors: Andrade Priscyla de Oliveira Nascimento , Silva Jéssica Queiroz Pereira da , Diniz Cinthia Martins Menino , Caminha Maria de Fátima Costa
Published: April 2016

Resumo Objetivos: analisar os fatores associados à violência obstétrica de acordo com as práticas não recomendadas na assistência ao parto vaginal em uma maternidade escola e de referência da Cidade do Recife. Métodos: estudo transversal, prospectivo, com 603 puérperas, realizado entre agosto a dezembro de 2014. Os dados sociodemográficos, clínicos e de acesso à assistência foram obtidos através dos prontuários e de entrevistas com as pacientes. A prevalência da violência obstétrica foi baseada nas recomendações da Organização Mundial da Saúde sobre as práticas recomendadas para a assistência ao parto vaginal. Para análise dos fatores associados utilizou-se a regressão multivariada de Poisson, considerou-se p<5%. Os dados foram analisados no Stata 12.1 SE. Resultados: a prevalência da violência obstétrica foi de 86,57%. As práticas prejudiciais mais frequentes foram os esforços de puxo (65%), a administração de ocitocina (41%) e o uso rotineiro da posição supina/litotomia (39%). Apenas as variáveis não possuir ensino médio completo (p=0,022) e ter sido assistido por um profissional médico (p<0,001) apresentaram associação significante com a violência obstétrica. Conclusões: o grande número de intervenções obstétricas utilizadas consiste em um ato de violência obstétrica e demonstram que apesar do incentivo do Ministério da Saúde para uma assistência humanizada os resultados ainda estão longe do recomendado.
Prevalência de dispareunia na gravidez e fatores associados
Authors: Sperandio Fabiana Flores , Sacomori Cinara , Porto Isabela dos Passos , Cardoso Fernando Luiz
Published: April 2016

Resumo Objetivos: verificar a prevalência de dispareunia no terceiro trimestre gestacional e fatores associados. Métodos: foram avaliadas 202 puérperas. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizados um questionário sociodemográfico; questionário ICIQ-Short Form; questionário de constipação intestinal e, para a avaliação da dispareunia foram utilizadas as questões do questionário FSFI. Os dados foram analisados com os testes qui quadrado, U de Mann Whitney e teste de Wilcoxon, p<0,05. Resultados: a prevalência de dispareunia no 3º trimestre gestacional foi de 48,5% (n=98), enquanto antes da gestação era de 15,3% (n=31). Os fatores associados à dispareunia nesse período foram: constipação no terceiro trimestre da gestação (p=0,05); incontinência urinária no terceiro trimestre da gestação (p<0,001) e dispareunia antes da gestação (p=0,01). A média de idade das mulheres com dispareunia foi significativamente maior que as sem dispareunia (p=0,01). Conclusões: a prevalência da dispareunia é alta no período gestacional e esta associada a alterações das funções do assoalho pélvico, como presença de incontinência urinária e constipação, além da presença prévia de dispareunia.
Fatores de risco para a cárie dental em crianças na primeira infância, Salvador - BA
Authors: Cangussu Maria Cristina , Cabral Maria Beatriz Barreto de Sousa , Mota Eduardo Luiz Andrade , Vianna Maria Isabel Pereira
Published: April 2016

Resumo Objetivos: identificar fatores associados a incidência de cárie na primeira infância. Métodos: realizou-se estudo de coorte prospectivo (14 meses) com 495 crianças de 4 a 30 meses de creches públicas, privadas e filantrópicas em Salvador-BA. Resultados: a média de dentes cariados foi de 0,18 (DP=0,75) no início do estudo e 0,55 (DP=1,40) ao final. A incidência em crianças livres de cárie foi 18,5% e no grupo total 22,6%. Na análise de regressão logística, consideraram-se três modelos. Com todas as crianças (N=495), prevaleceu: experiência prévia de cárie (OR=6,8; IC95%= 3,0-15,1), frequentar creche pública (OR=2,9; IC95%= 1,6-5,3), idade maior 24 meses. No segundo, de creches públicas (N=329): idade, aleitamento durante o sono (OR=1,9; IC95%= 1,1-3,2), mancha branca (OR=3,5; IC95%= 1,1-11,3), casa sem revestimento (OR=2,3; IC95%= 1,2-4,1) e experiência prévia de cárie(OR=3,9; IC95%= 1,5-10,6). No terceiro, com crianças sem cárie no início (N=495): frequentar creche pública, idade, cor da pele negra/ parda (OR=5,5; IC95%= 1,3-23,8) e aleitamento durante o sono após um ano (OR= 1,7; IC95%= 1,0-2,8). Conclusões: a vulnerabilidade social foi um forte fator de risco à cárie em crianças menores de dois anos e é necessária melhoria das condições de vida e ações de promoção de saúde bucal para redução da morbidade.
Use of a Bayesian hierarchical model to study the allometric scaling of the fetoplacental weight ratio
Authors: Morales Fidel Ernesto Castro , Medeiros Anna Cecília Queiroz de
Published: April 2016

Abstract Objectives: to propose the use of a Bayesian hierarchical model to study the allometric scaling of the fetoplacental weight ratio, including possible confounders. Methods: data from 26 singleton pregnancies with gestational age at birth between 37 and 42 weeks were analyzed. The placentas were collected immediately after delivery and stored under refrigeration until the time of analysis, which occurred within up to 12 hours. Maternal data were collected from medical records. A Bayesian hierarchical model was proposed and Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation methods were used to obtain samples from distribution a posteriori. Results: the model developed showed a reasonable fit, even allowing for the incorporation of variables and a priori information on the parameters used. Conclusions: new variables can be added to the modelfrom the available code, allowing many possibilities for data analysis and indicating the potential for use in research on the subject.
Bat survey of the lower Juruena River and five new records for the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil
Authors: DALPONTE Júlio C. , GREGORIN Renato , ESTEVES-COSTA Vanderléia A. , ROCHA Ednaldo C. , MARCELINO Rodrigo
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT The northern Brazilian state of Mato Grosso is considered an important biogeographical region, but has many sampling gaps. Apart from the well-documented non volant mammal community in the region, the bat fauna still poorly recorded. The aim of this study was to record the bat species of Juruena National Park, northern Mato Grosso, Brazil. Nineteen sites were sampled using mist-nets placed at ground level and near potential bat roosts. We collected 115 individuals belonging to 35 species and five families, which increased the number of species known for Mato Grosso´s Amazon from 86 to 91. The five new records were: Peropteryx kappleri, Peropteryx leucoptera, Lonchorhina inusitata, Tonatia saurophila, and Artibeus concolor. Our results pointed out the necessity of more studies in order to better estimate the bat diversity in northern Mato Grosso.
Morphology, ontogeny and structure of the stipular nectaries in Caamembeca spectabilis (Polygalaceae)
Authors: FILGUEIRA Joana Patrícia Pantoja Serrão , KIKUCHI Tatiani Yuriko Souza , COELHO-FERREIRA Márlia Regina
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT Nodal glands are found in one third of the Polygalaceae genera and have valuable taxonomic, ecological and evolutionary significance. In Brazil, they occur in five of the eleven genera already registered. However, there is still a controversy regarding the origin of these structures. The objective of this study was to characterize the morphology and the origin of nodal glands inCaamembeca spectabilis, in order to increase the structural and functional knowledge of these glands in the genera. Samples of nodal regions were collected, fixed and processed according to the methods of light microscopy and electron scanning. Ants were observed and identified along the stem axis. The glucose in exudate allows us to classify these glands as extrafloral nectaries. They are located in pairs on the nodal region. However, its origin is in the leaf trace. In the longitudinal section, the nectaries were present in the apex of cells with anticlinal walls impregnated with suberin, which represents the first record for the family. In this region there is also the formation of a hole by lysis. The secretory tissue is surrounded by phloem. Xylem vessels were observed only on the basis of the nectary, where there are also idioblasts with crystals in druse type. We have studied the ontogeny of the glands nodal in Caamembeca spectabilis and unveiled that these glands are linked to the leaves as stipular nectaries. In addition, the new findings presented here may add support for the understanding of morphology and anatomy of nodal glands in Caamembeca.
Diversity and capacity to promote maize growth of bacteria isolated from the Amazon region
Authors: SILVA Krisle da , PERIN Liamara , GOMES Maria de Lourdes , BARAÚNA Alexandre Cardoso , PEREIRA Gilmara Maria Duarte , MOSQUEIRA Cátia Aparecida , COSTA Ismaele Breckenfeld da , O'HARA Graham , ZILLI Jerri Édson
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT Maize plants can establish beneficial associations with plant growth-promoting bacteria. However, few studies have been conducted on the characterization and inoculation of these bacteria in the Amazon region. This study aimed to characterize endophytic bacteria isolated from maize in the Amazon region and to assess their capacity to promote plant growth. Fifty-five bacterial isolates were obtained from maize grown in two types of ecosystems, i.e., a cerrado (savanna) and a forest area. The isolates were characterized by the presence of the nifH gene, their ability to synthesize indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and solubilize calcium phosphate (CaHPO4), and 16S rRNA partial gene sequencing. Twenty-four bacteria contained the nifH gene, of which seven were isolated from maize plants cultivated in a cerrado area and seventeen from a forest area. Fourteen samples showed the capacity to synthesize IAA and only four solubilized calcium phosphate. The following genera were found among these isolates: Pseudomonas; Acinetobacter; Enterobacter; Pantoea; Burkholderia and Bacillus. In addition, eight isolates with plant growth-promoting capacity were selected for a glasshouse experiment involving the inoculation of two maize genotypes (a hybrid and a variety) grown in pots containing soil. Inoculation promoted the development of the maize plants but no significant interaction between maize cultivar and bacterial inoculation was found. A high diversity of endophytic bacteria is present in the Amazon region and these bacteria have potential to promote the development of maize plants.
Biologia reprodutiva do Hassar affinis(Pisces: Siluriformes, Doradidae), Lago de Viana, Baixada Maranhense, Maranhão, Brasil
Authors: CANTANHÊDE Lorrane Gabrielle , CARVALHO Irayana Fernanda da Silva , SANTOS Nayara Barbosa , ALMEIDA Zafira da Silva de
Published: April 2016

RESUMO O estudo da biologia reprodutiva é importante para determinar medidas protetivas visando à manutenção dos estoques pesqueiros. Desta forma, o presente estudo teve como objetivo determinar os aspectos da reprodução de Hassar affinis no Lago de Viana, Baixada Maranhense, Maranhão, Brasil. Os 147 espécimes foram provenientes da pesca comercial, coletados no período de fevereiro de 2012 a janeiro de 2013. Em laboratório, procedeu-se com a pesagem e medidas de cada indivíduo e posteriormente foi feita uma incisão ventro-longitudinal a fim de observar macroscopicamente as gônadas. Em seguida, foram fixadas em Solução de Bouin para análise microscópica e em Solução de Gilson para análise da fecundidade. A alometria negativa foi registrada para ambos os sexos, indicando maior incremento em comprimento do que em peso. A proporção sexual para o período total foi de 3,4 fêmeas para cada 1 macho. Houve maior intensidade reprodutiva nos bimestres fevereiro/março e abril/maio, indicando o período reprodutivo da espécie. Estima-se fecundidade absoluta média de 47.211 ovócitos. A primeira maturidade sexual é alcançada com 11,52 cm. A partir desses dados, portanto, são sugeridas medidas de gerenciamento, como o estabelecimento do período de reprodução da espécie durante os meses de fevereiro a maio, definição do tamanho mínimo de captura de 11,5 cm e, além disso, sugere-se o desenvolvimento de outros trabalhos com periodicidade mensal.