bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Synergy of Advanced Lighting Controls, Building Information Modeling and Internet of Things for Sustainable and Energy Efficient Buildings: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Zocchi Gabriele , Hosseini Morteza , Triantafyllidis Georgios
Published: September 2024

Buildings are responsible for approximately 40% of global energy consumption, putting pressure on the construction industry to mitigate its environmental impact. Therefore, there is an urgent need for innovative solutions to reduce power consumption, particularly in lighting systems. The study’s primary objective was to investigate novel integrated lighting solutions that significantly reduce energy use and they explore their enhancement through Building Information Modeling (BIM) and the Internet of Things (IoT) to further improve energy efficiency and reduce the carbon footprint in buildings. Hence, this literature review aimed to examine energy-saving actions, retrofitting practices and interventions across a range of multi-use buildings worldwide over the past six years. The objective was to diagnose the goals being undertaken and ultimately validate new actions and contributions to minimise energy consumption. First, daylight harvesting and retrofitting solutions were examined in conjunction with the latest technologies, also referred to the external shadings. In consequence of this matter, comes the lack or unappropriated coordination, and so waste of energy, between daylight and electrical lighting. Secondly, how the integration of BIM facilitates the design process, providing a complete overview of all the variables of the building, thus improving indoor daylight performance and proper lighting with energy analysis. Lastly, the review addresses the role of IoT in providing real-time data from sensor networks, allowing for continuous monitoring of building conditions. This systematic literature review explores the integration of the fields to address the urgent need for innovative strategies and sustainability in the built environment. Furthermore, it thoroughly analyses the current state of the art, identifying best practices, emerging trends and concrete insight for architects, engineers, and researchers. The goal is to promote the widespread adoption of low-carbon systems and encourage collaboration among industry professionals and researchers to advance sustainable building design.
Impact of an Ethical Climate of Principles on Employees’ Burnout in the Colombian Electric Sector: The Moderating Role of Work Autonomy
Authors: Santiago-Torner Carlos , Tarrats-Pons Elisenda , González-Carrasco Mònica , Miranda Ayala Rafael Alberto , Muriel-Morales Nury-Milena
Published: September 2024

Burnout is a factor that affects organizational performance. Researchers agree that the emotional stability provided by an ethical climate and adequate work autonomy often has a buffering effect on chronic stress. However, despite the abundant literature analyzing the relationship between work autonomy and burnout, whether work autonomy acts as a stress-reducing resource or a stress-increasing demand is not sufficiently well established. It is also unknown to what extent work autonomy contributes to explaining the relationship between ethical climate and burnout. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to examine the relationship between an ethical climate of principles and norms on burnout, using the moderating effect of work autonomy. A multivariate moderation analysis was used to address the issue. The sample consists of 448 employees in the Colombian electric sector.
The results show that an ethical climate of principles and work autonomy relate positively to burnout. However, when a rule-demanding work environment is related to a high perception of work autonomy, the relationship with burnout syndrome changes from positive to negative. In conclusion, when employees have significant control over their usual tasks, they develop a behavior pattern that includes both the organization's internal standards and the principles that shape individual morale. In this case, employees are able to balance the workload with the high psychological demands of an ethical climate of principles, without it representing a disturbance to their emotional well-being.
Effect of Total Nitrogen Once Applied at Different Leaf Age Stages on Yield Traits of Dense Planted Dry Direct Seeding Rice
Authors: Xing Zhipeng , Fu Dihui , Zhao Jie , Chen Feiyang , Sun Minmin , Zhang Hongcheng
Published: September 2024

Accordingly, a lot of dry direct seeding rice would be dense planted, that the initial seedling quantity could approach or even exceed the targeted effective panicle number. While limit information is available to evaluate the effects of involved novel nitrogen application methods, that total nitrogen once applied at a determined leaf age stage, on the yield formation traits of such dense planted dry direct seeding rice. The two-year experiments with total 180 kg ha-1 nitrogen once applied time treatments at sixth (L6), seventh (L7), eighth (L8), ninth (L9) and tenth (L10) leaf age stages were carried out. Results showed that the above-ground dry matter weight at maturity and grain yield of L8 was 2.1% ~ 11.8% and 4.0% ~ 9.9% higher than those of other treatments. Compared to other treatments, the higher above-ground dry matter weight after heading stage, bigger mean leaf area index with higher leaf area index at heading stage, increased leaf area duration, crop growth rate and net assimilation rate from jointing to heading period were important traits of higher grain yield formation of L8. In addition, the L8 had relative higher grain-leaf ratio traits than other treatments. Overall, a total 180 kg ha-1 nitrogen with mixed urea and compound fertilizer once applied at eighth leaf age stage would be suggest a useful high yield cultivation method for dense planted dry direct seeding rice in rice-wheat rotation system.
Early Diagnosis of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia with E-Nose: A Pilot Study in Preterm Infants
Authors: Tenero Laura , Piazza Michele , Sandri Marco , Ferrante Giuliana , Giacomello Elisabetta , Ficial Benjamim , Zaffanello Marco , Biban Paolo , Piacentini Giorgio
Published: September 2024

Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common respiratory disease in pre-term and is still associated with increased mortality and morbidity. The great interest lies in iden-tifying early biomarkers that can predict the development of BPD.
Objectives: This pilot study explores the potential of e-nose for early identification of BPD risk in premature infants by analyzing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the exhaled breath con-densate (EBC).
Materials and Methods: Fourteen mechanically ventilated very preterm infants were included in the study. Clinical parameters and EBC were collected within the first 24 hours of life. The dis-criminative ability of breath-prints between preterms who did and did not develop BPD was in-vestigated by pattern recognition, machine learning algorithm, and standard statistical methods.
Results: We found that e-nose probes can significantly predict the outcome of “no-BPD” vs “BPD”. Specifically, a subset of probes (S18, S24, S14, and S6) were found to be significantly predictive, with an AUC of 0.87, 0.89, 0.82, 0.8 and p=0.019, 0.009, 0.043, 0.047, respectively.
Conclusion: The E-nose is an easy-to-use, handheld, non-invasive electronic device that quickly samples breath. Our preliminary study has shown that it has the potential for early prediction of BPD in preterms.
Colonoscopy Research Collaboration: A Comprehensive Network Analysis of the Structure and Impact of Research Partnerships
Authors: Ogasawara Naruaki
Published: September 2024

Aim: This study aims to analyze the structure and impact of research collaborations in colonoscopy from 2000 to 2023 by examining co-authorship networks. The goal is to understand the evolution of these networks, identify key contributors, and assess how collaborative relationships influence the field. Method: I conducted a comprehensive network analysis of co-authorship patterns using data from the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection database. The analysis included 41,213 articles related to colonoscopy published between 2000 and 2023. Using Python (Version 3.10.5) and PyCharm (Software Version 2022.1.3), we evaluated the networks through macro-level indicators (network density, clustering coefficient, number of components, average distance) and micro-level indicators (degree centrality, closeness centrality, betweenness centrality).Result: The analysis revealed a network with increasing but still fragmented collaboration over the years. The network density showed low proportions of realized connections relative to potential ones, with a high clustering coefficient indicating tight-knit groups when collaborations occurred. The number of components remained high, reflecting a fragmented structure. Prominent researchers such as Hassan, Cesare (Italy) and Dekker, Evelien (Netherlands) consistently emerged as central figures across different periods, demonstrating significant roles in facilitating connections between various research clusters.Conclusion: The study highlights a growing but fragmented collaborative landscape in colonoscopy research. Key researchers have played central roles in connecting different parts of the network, yet there remains substantial room for further integration. Strengthening collaborations across isolated groups could enhance the cohesiveness and impact of research in this field.
The Role of LEED Certification in Enhancing Sustainability in Design-Build Construction Projects
Authors: Jones Alice , Musk Michael
Published: September 2024

Sustainability in construction has emerged as a critical focus in response to growing environmental challenges. This article review explores the intersection of LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) certification and design-build construction, highlighting how these two frameworks enhance sustainability in the built environment. By examining the findings of a selected article, the review emphasizes the advantages of LEED certification in promoting energy efficiency, reducing waste, and improving overall environmental performance. The design-build method, with its integrated and collaborative approach, complements LEED’s objectives by ensuring that sustainability is prioritized from the initial planning stages. This review also critically analyzes the strengths and limitations of the article, including its coverage of cost-related challenges and the applicability of LEED in diverse project scales. Ultimately, the review underscores the significant role that LEED certification plays in advancing sustainable construction practices, particularly within the design-build model.
Aflatoxin M1 Contamination in Dairy Milk in Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Kafle Sujan , Paudel Madhav , Shrestha Chanda , Kathayat Khadak Bahadur , Sapkota Ram Chandra , Tiwari Anand , Subedi Deepak
Published: September 2024

Aflatoxins (AF), secondary metabolites produced by fungi, pose significant health risks, especially to children and adults. In developing countries like Nepal, the tropical climate promotes fungal growth, leading to high levels of AF in animal feed and milk. In this study, we investigated the incidence of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) contamination in 84 milk samples collected from the Kathmandu district using the competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA) technique. We also interviewed farmers to gather information on feeding and storage practices. . All the collected milk samples were contaminated with AFM1, with 97.6% of the samples exceeding the European Union (EU) maximum permissible limit of 50 ppt. The majority (98.5%) of the farms included paddy straw, and all farms (100%) included concentrate in their feed regimen. Only half (52%) of the farms had proper storage facilities. Straw was mostly stored in sacks outdoors or left open in a shed, while concentrates were stored in a closed room or shed. The study reports very high contamination levels of AFM1 in the milk samples, presenting a serious public health issue, and recommends comprehensive surveillance and further investigation across the country, especially given the limited research and literature available.
Strongly ROS-Correlated, Time-Dependent and Selective Antiproliferative Effects of Synthesized Nano Vesicles on BRAF Mutant Melanoma Cells and Their Hyaluronic Acid-Based Hydrogel Formulation
Authors: Alfei Silvana , Zuccari Guendalina , Athanassopoulos Constantinos M. , Domenicotti Cinzia , Marengo Barbara
Published: September 2024

Cutaneous metastatic melanoma (CMM) is the most aggressive form of skin cancer with a poor prognosis. Drugs-induced secondary tumorigenesis and the emergency of drug resistance worsen the already worrying scenario, thus rendering urgent the development of new treatments, not dealing with mutable cellular processes. Triphenyl phosphonium salts (TPPSs), in addiction to act as cytoplasmic membrane disruptors, are reported to be mitochondria-targeting compounds, exerting anticancer effects mainly by damaging their membranes and causing depolarization, impairing mitochondria functions and their DNA, triggering oxidative stress (OS), and priming primarily apoptotic cell death. TPP-based bola-amphiphiles are capable to self-form nanoparticles (NPs) with enhanced biological properties, as commonly observed for nanomaterials. Already employed in several other biomedical applications, only recently the per se selective potent antibacterial effects of a TPP bola-amphiphile has been demonstrated on 50 multidrug resistant (MDR) clinical superbugs, as well as its exceptional and selective anticancer properties, on sensitive and MDR neuroblastoma cells. Here, aiming at finding new molecules possibly developable as new treatments for counteracting CMM, the effects of this TPP-based bola-amphiphile (BPPB) have been investigated against two BRAF mutants CMM cell lines (MeOV and MeTRAV) with excellent results (even IC50 = 49 nM on MeOV after 72 h treatment). Upon these findings and considered the low cytotoxicity of BPPB against different mammalian not tumoral cell lines and red blood cells (RBCs, selectivity indexes up to 299 on MeOV after 72 h treatment), the possible future development of BPPB as topical treatment for CMM lesions was presumed. In this sight, a biodegradable hyaluronic acid (HA)-based hydrogel formulation (HA-BPPB-HG) was prepared without using any potentially toxic crosslinking agents, but simply dispersing suitable amounts of the two ingredients in water and sonicating under gentle heating. HA-BPPB-HA was completely characterized with promising outcomes, such as high swelling capability, high porosity and viscous elastic rheological behavior.
Evaluation of APTES Functionalized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Adsorption of CH4 and CO2
Authors: Montejo-Mesa Luis A. , Díaz-García Alicia , Cavalcante Jr. Celio L. , Vilarrasa-García Enrique , Rodríguez-Castellón Enrique , Ballesteros-Plata Daniel , Autié-Castro Giselle I.
Published: September 2024

Zinc Oxide nanoparticles functionalized with APTES were obtained to evaluate their CH4 and CO2 adsorption and separation behavior. First, ZnO nanoparticles were obtained by a precipitation method and subsequently coated with (3-aminopropyl)-triethoxysilane (APTES). The nanoparticles sample was characterized by UV-Vis, FT-IR spectroscopy, TGA, XRD, TEM/EDX, XPS and N2 adsorption at 77 K. CH4 and CO2 adsorption experiments were carried out at 298 K in a range between 0-10 bar. It was observed that the amount of gas adsorbed on the surface of the nanostructure is very small in comparison with other materials traditionally used for this purpose but slightly higher than those obtained in naked nanoparticles evaluated in previous studies.
Optimizing Multi-time Series Forecasting for Enhanced Cloud Resource Utilization Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Smendowski Mateusz , Nawrocki Piotr
Published: September 2024

Due to its flexibility, cloud computing has become essential in modern operational schemes. However, the effective management of cloud resources to ensure cost-effectiveness and maintain high performance presents significant challenges. The pay-as-you-go pricing model, while convenient, can lead to escalated expenses and hinder long-term planning. Consequently, FinOps advocates proactive management strategies, with resource usage prediction emerging as a crucial optimization category. In this research, we introduce the multi-time series forecasting system (MSFS), a novel approach for data-driven resource optimization alongside the hybrid ensemble anomaly detection algorithm (HEADA). Our method prioritizes the concept-centric approach, focusing on factors such as prediction uncertainty, interpretability and domain-specific measures. Furthermore, we introduce the similarity-based time-series grouping (STG) method as a core component of MSFS for optimizing multi-time series forecasting, ensuring its scalability with the rapid growth of the cloud environment. The experiments performed demonstrate that our group-specific forecasting model (GSFM) approach enabled MSFS to achieve a significant cost reduction of up to 44%.
Hysteroscopy and ART: Defying Clinical Indications Based on Current Evidence
Authors: Gkrozou Fani , Bouras-Soulimas Dimitrios , Bais Vasileios , Koutalia Nikoleta , Lentzaris Dimitrios , Vatopoulou Anastasia , Skentou Charikleia , Paschopoulos Minas , Daniilidis Angelos
Published: September 2024

Embryo’s Implantation is a question that we are not in the position to answer in full details. We know that it depends on embryo’s quality and uterine receptivity. It is possible to access uterine cavity before in vitro fertilisation by a variety of tools, however hysteroscopy is the gold standard in evaluation of uterine cavity and potential pathology. The frequencies of unrecognised uterine pathology revealed by hysteroscopy are 18-50% and 40-43% in patients undergoing in vitro fertilisation or after recurrent implantation failure respectively. Data is inconclusive regarding the role of hysteroscopy on pregnancy outcome after in vitro fertilisation. This review aims to evaluate the validity of office hysteroscopy in subfertile population before or after IVF treatment
Paediatric Emergency Nurses’ Perception of Medication Errors: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Collado-González Blanca , Fernández-López Ignacio , Urtubia-Herrera Valentina , Palmar-Santos Ana María , García-Perea Eva , Navarta Sánchez María Victoria
Published: September 2024

Patient safety is fundamental to healthcare. Adverse events particulary medication errors, cause harm to patients specially paediatric population in the emergency departament.
Aim: To explore paediatric emergency nurses' perceptions of medication administration errors.
Method: A qualitative, ethnomethodological, descriptive study. Data were collected through in-depth individual interviews with paediatric emergency nurses and analysed using Taylor and Bogdan's proposal.
Results: Main categories extracted: 1) Safety culture transmitted by supervisors and safety groups. 2) Teamwork with good communication and a positive relationship. 3) Error management, the lack of formal support and negative feelings despite an understanding of the multifactorial nature of errors. The study identifies several challenges in the healthcare system. Emphasis on the per-ception of errors in terms of patient harm, while near misses or dose delays or omissions are not treated as errors.
Conclusions: Although institutions have implemented safety culture strategies, nurses have not fully embraced them. Negative emotions and coping strategies are reported. There is a need to promote a positive safety culture and a safe working environment that encourages communica-tion within the team. Protocols could be adapted according to feasibility and perceived risk. The hospital should provide training in safe management and patient safety. This study was not reg-istered.
Artificial Intelligence Assisted Detection and Localization of Spinal Metastases
Authors: Edelmers Edgars , Ņikuļins Artūrs , Sprūdža Klinta Luīze , Stapulone Patrīcija , Pūce Niks Saimons , Skrebele Elizabete , Siņicina Everita Elīna , Cīrule Viktorija , Kazuša Ance , Boločko Katrina
Published: September 2024

The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate artificial intelligence (AI) models for the detection and instance segmentation of vertebrae and spinal metastases in computer tomography (CT) scans. The models were trained on datasets consisting of patients with polytrauma and relatively undamaged spines, as well as patients diagnosed with spinal metastases. Our results indicate that the models achieved high performance in vertebra segmentation, with F-beta scores ranging from 0.88 to 0.96 across all vertebra classes. For spinal metastases, the model attained F-beta scores of 0.68 for lytic type and 0.57 for sclerotic type metastases. Additionally, the models demonstrated the capability to detect isolated metastatic nodes in other bones, highlighting their robustness and potential for broader clinical application. Despite these promising results, the study faced limitations including a relatively small and homogeneous dataset, variability in segmentation mask quality, and the need for real-world clinical validation. Future clinical trials are necessary to evaluate the practical utility and effectiveness of these AI models in improving patient outcomes. Our study emphasizes the potential of AI-assisted detection and segmentation models in enhancing diagnostic accuracy and efficiency in clinical practice.
Enhanced Acoustic Mixing in Silicon-Based Chips with Sharp-Edged Micro-Structures
Authors: Hashemiesfahan Mehrnaz , Gelin Pierre , Gardeniers Han , De Malsche Wim
Published: September 2024

The small dimensions of microfluidic channels allow for fast diffusive or passive mixing, which is beneficial for time-sensitive applications such as chemical reactions, biological assays, and the transport of to-be-detected species to sensors. In microfluidics, the need for fast mixing within milliseconds arises primarily because these devices are often used in fields where rapid and efficient mixing significantly impacts the performance and outcome of the processes. Active mixing with acoustics in microfluidic devices involves using acoustic waves to enhance the mixing of fluids within microchannels. Using sharp corners and wall patterns in acoustofluidic devices significantly enhances mixing by acoustic streaming around these features. The streaming patterns around sharp edges are particularly effective for mixing because they can produce strong lateral flows that rapidly homogenize liquids. This work presents extensive characterizations of the effect of sharp-edged structures on acoustic mixing in bulk acoustic wave (BAW) mode in a silicon microdevice. The effect of side wall patterns in different angles and shapes, their position, the type of piezoelectric transducer, and its amplitude and frequency have been studied. Following the patterning of the channel walls, a mixing time of 25 times faster was reached, compared to channels with smooth sidewalls exhibiting conventional BAW behavior. The average locally determined acoustic streaming velocity inside the channel becomes 14 times faster if sharp corners of 10° are added to the wall.
Climatology of Cirrus Clouds over Observatory of Haute-Provence (France) Using Multivariate Analyses on Lidar Profiles
Authors: Mandija Florian A. , Keckhut Philippe , Alraddawi Dunya , Khaykin Sergey , Sarkissian Alain
Published: September 2024

This study aims the classification of the cirrus clouds over the Observatory of Haute-Provence (OHP) in France. Rayleigh-Mie-Raman lidar measurement altogether with ERA5 dataset, are an-alyzed in order to provide geometrical morphology and optical cirrus properties over the site.
The method of the cirrus cloud climatology presented here, is based on a threefold classification scheme based on the cirrus geometrical and optical properties, and their formation history. Principal component analysis (PCA) and subsequent clustering, result on four morphological cirrus classes, three optical groups, and two origin – related categories.
Cirrus clouds occur approximately 37% of the time, with most being single-layered (66.7%). The mean cloud optical depth (COD) is 0.39 ± 0.46, and the mean heights range around 10.8 ± 1.35 km. Thicker tropospheric cirrus are observed under higher temperature and humidity conditions than cirrus observed at the vicinity of the tropopause level. Monthly cirrus occurrences vary irregu-larly, while seasonal patterns peaking in spring. With respect to the mechanism of the formation, there is found that the majority of cirrus clouds, was of in situ origin. The liquid origin cirrus category consists nearly entirely of thick cirrus. Overall result, suggests that in situ origin thin cirrus, located in the upper-tropospheric and tropopause regions, have the most significant oc-currence over the site.
Conformational Mobility of Voltage-Gated Ion Channels
Authors: Kravchuk Ekaterina , Trifonova Elizaveta , Sokolova Olga S.
Published: September 2024

Structural biology has a strong interest in ion channels, a diverse group of membrane proteins. This group has long remained difficult to study, but much progress has been made in recent decades with improvements in biochemical methods and computational procedures. Voltage-gated ion channels undergo conformational changes upon functioning, and multiple models of activation mechanisms were proposed based on experimental data. This review focuses on the structural studies of the functioning of voltage-gated ion channels, which are accompanied by conformational changes in proteins, and the methodological advances that allow their observation. Modern experimental methods that allow obtaining ion channel proteins in specific functional states are discussed, including cryoelectron microscopy and cryoelectron tomography. Finally, new algorithms for studying the conformational mobility of proteins have been developed, which help to better understand the mechanisms of ion channel domain movements.
From Behavior Modes to Fundamental Questions to Answer through System Dynamics Modeling
Authors: Schaffernicht Martin FG.
Published: September 2024

This is a methodological contribution to reference mode development in system dynamics model conceptualization. Existing behavior mode taxonomies-developed for various modeling phases-provide no comprehensive method for mode classification based on an exhaustive set of mutually exclusive modes, and derivation of questions the simulation model should answer. Novice modelers need such guidance. The article proposes a conceptual framework for systemic behavior with a hierarchical taxonomy of elementary, composite, and overlaid modes. A structured method identifies the intervals of each respective mode, orders them into episodes and then condenses the variables’ episodes to systemic episodes. Each transition then gives rise to a fundamental question for the model under development. Three classical cases illustrate the application and contrast the proposed taxonomy to others in the extant literature. The article then discusses some validation criteria referring to reference modes and their link to the dynamic hypothesis, current limitations, and questions for further research.
A Case Report of Undiagnosed Bicuspid Aortic Valve: A Global Health Challenge
Authors: Panjiyar Binay Kumar , Changlani Nikita , Kaushal Akshita , Kumar Jha Saroj , Wasim Khan Sanam , Kondadasula Poshitha , Movva Thrinatha
Published: September 2024

Introduction and importance: Congenital bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is a common cardiac malformation predisposing individuals to aortic stenosis, regurgitation, and aortopathy. This risk persists even after aortic valve replacement (AVR). Case presentation: We report a case of a male in his 60s with a history of BAV who underwent bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement (BVR) and ascending aorta/root repair in 2014. The patient was noncompliant with follow-up and presented nine years later with severe bioprosthetic aortic stenosis and an 8.0 cm ascending aortic aneurysm with no symptoms. Emergent redo BVR and aneurysm repair were successful. Clinical discussion: It should be emphasized that successful outcomes for BAV patients require a lifelong commitment to surveillance, even after surgical intervention. Noncompliance can lead to life-threatening consequences like bioprosthetic valve deterioration or progressive aortic dilation. Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of early BAV diagnosis for ongoing monitoring, accessible follow-up care after complex cardiac procedures, and addressing patient barriers to treatment adherence.
On Confined-Track Samples for Constraining Thermal Histories
Authors: Jonckheere Raymond Charles , Aslanian Carolin , Fu Hongyang , Trilsch Florian
Published: September 2024

Fission-track modelling rests on etching, counting and measuring the lattice damage trails from uranium fission. The tools for interpreting fission-track data are advanced but the results are never better than the data. Confined-track samples must be an adequate size for statistical analysis, representative of the track population, consistent with the model assumptions and with the calibration data. Geometrical and measurement biases are understood and can be dealt with up to a point. The interrelated issues of etching protocol and track selection are however more difficult to untangle. Our investigation favours a two-step protocol. The duration of the first step is inversely proportional to the apatite etch rate, so that different apatites etch to the same Dpar. A long immersion reveals many more confined tracks, terminated by basal and prism faces. This allows consistent length measurements and permits to orient each track relative to the c-axis. Long immersion times combined with deep ion irradiation reveal confined tracks deep inside the grains. Provided it is long enough, the precise immersion time is not important if the effective etch times of the selected tracks are calculated from their measured widths. Then, whether the sample is mono- or multi-compositional, we can, post hoc, select tracks with the desired properties. The second part of the protocol has to do with the fact that fossil tracks in geological samples appear to be under-etched compared to induced tracks etched under the same conditions. This should be assumed if the semi-axes (lC, lA) of a fitted ellipse plot above the induced-track line. In that case an additional etch can increase the track lengths to a point where they are consistent with the model based on lab-annealing of induced tracks, a condition for valid thermal histories. Here too, it is possible to select a subset with effective etch times consistent with the model if the widths of confined tracks are measured along with their lengths and orientations.
Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Main Effects and Interaction Parameters in Thermoacoustic Refrigerators Performance
Authors: Peredo Fuentes Humberto , Escalante Velazquez Carlos Amir
Published: September 2024

Efforts to optimize the design and enhance the efficiency of standing-wave thermoacoustic refrigerators (SWTAR), particularly those with parallel plate stacks, are crucial for achieving rapid and straightforward engineering estimates. This study primarily focuses on optimizing the Coefficient of Performance (COP) by combining the linear thermoacoustic theory (LTT) with the Design of Experiments (DOE) approach. The investigation centers around five key parameters affecting the COP, once the working gas is selected. Then, based on the LLT theory, the COP was estimated numerically, over defined intervals of those five parameters. Moreover, through quantitative and qualitative effect analyses, these five parameters and their interactions are determined. Utilizing a transfer function and surface response analyses based on the COP, the study aims to delineate the best COP value as well as the contribution of the thermoacoustic parameters and their interactions. Furthermore, a comparison between contour and surface responses and several statistical decision approaches applying the Full Factorial Design verify the robustness of the study’s findings. Ultimately, the COP results obtained align with existing literature, underscoring the validity and relevance of the study’s methodologies and conclusions.
Simulation of Polarized Light Microscopy for Multiple Analyzer Angles
Authors: Ballester Manuel , Ho Zoey , Odate Asami , Walton Marc , Katsaggelos Aggelos
Published: September 2024

We have developed an efficient simulator for polarized light microscopy experiments. It supports calculations for multiple analyzer angles across different channels of a polarized camera, enhancing imaging capabilities. Our model is publicly available here.
Predictive Analytics for Thyroid Cancer Recurrence: A Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Clark Elizabeth , Price Samantha , Lucena Theresa , Haberlein Bailey , Wahbeh Abdullah , Seetan Raed
Published: September 2024

Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), comprising of papillary and follicular thyroid cancers, is the most prevalent type of thyroid malignancy. Accurate prediction of DTC is crucial for improving patient outcomes. Machine learning (ML) offers a promising approach to analyze risk factors and predict cancer recurrence. In this study, we aimed to develop predictive models to identify patients at an elevated risk of DTC recurrence based on 16 risk factors. We developed six ML models and applied them to a DTC dataset. We evaluated the ML models using Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling Technique (SMOTE) and with hyperparameter tuning. We measured the models’ performance using precision, recall, F1 score, and accuracy. Results showed that Random Forest consistently outperformed the other investigated models (KNN, SVM, Decision Tree, AdaBoost, and XGBoost) across all scenarios, demonstrating high accuracy and balanced precision and recall. The application of SMOTE improved model performance and hyperparameter tuning enhanced overall model effectiveness.
Exploring Multisource Remote Sensing for Assessing and Monitoring the Ecological State of the Mountainous Natural Grasslands in Armenia
Authors: Ayvazyan Grigor , Muradyan Vahagn , Medvedev Andrey , Khlghatyan Anahit , Asmaryan Shushanik
Published: September 2024

Remote sensing (RS) is a compulsory component in studying and monitoring ecosystems suffering from the disruption of natural balance, productivity, and degradation. Current study attempted to assess the feasibility of multisource RS for assessing and monitoring mountainous natural grasslands in Armenia. Series of the different spatial resolution RS data (Landsat 8, Sentinel 2, Planet Scope, and multispectral UAV data) were used to obtain various vegetation spectral indices: NDVI, NDWI, GNDVI, GLI, EVI, DVI, SAVI, MSAVI, and GSAVI, and the relationship among the indices were assessed via Spearman correlation method, which shows a significant positive correlation for all cases (p < 0.01). A comparison of all indices shows a significant high correlation between UAV and the PlanetScope imagery. The comparison of UAV, Sentinel and Landsat data show moderate and low significant correlation (p < 0.01) correspondingly. Also, trend analysis was performed to explore their spatial-temporal changes using Mann-Kendall statistical tests (MK, MKKH, MKKY, PW, TFPW), which indicated no significant trend. However, Sen’s slope as second estimator shows decreasing trend. Though the best result received for PlanetScope and Sentinel 2, Sentinel-2 data seem to have better alignment making it a reliable tool for an accurate monitoring of small mountainous grasslands in Armenia.
Evaluating E6 Oncoprotein and Anti-E6 Antibodies as Saliva-Based Biomarkers for HPV-Associated Oral Cancer: Insights from SPR Immunoassays
Authors: Cheng Chi-Sheng , Lung Feng-Di
Published: September 2024

Background/Objectives: Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-related biomarkers, specifically E6 oncoproteins and anti-E6 antibodies, have emerged as promising indicators for detecting HPV-associated oral cavity cancers through salivary fluid analysis. This study assessed the survival outcomes of oral cancer patients who were double positive for these candidate biomarkers. Methods: Using biosensor immunoassays, we simultaneously detected E6 oncoprotein and anti-E6 antibodies in oral rinse fluids from patients with advanced T3/T4 oral cancer. Results: Preliminary findings revealed that over one-third of these patients had detectable HPV-related biomarkers in their saliva, with 37.9% testing positive for E6 oncoprotein and 31.0% showing elevated anti-E6 antibody levels. Double positivity was observed in 24.1% of cases. Although survival rate differences between the groups were not statistically significant, the double positivity subgroup demonstrated a trend toward improved survival outcomes compared to single-positive or double-negative patients. Conclusions: These initial results suggest that simultaneous detection of E6 oncoprotein and anti-E6 antibodies could be potential saliva-based biomarkers for clinical applications. Using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) techniques to identify double positivity may enhance early detection of HPV-related oral cancer, potentially informing more effective treatment strategies in clinical practice.
Comparative Evaluation of the Chemical Components and Anti-inflammatory Potential of Yellow- and Blue-Flowered Meconopsis Species: M. integrifolia and M. betonicifoliaCitation: To Be Added by Editorial Staff during Production
Authors: Cheng Peizhao , Gan Ruixi , Wang Cong , Xu Qian , Norbu Kelsang , Zhou Feng , Kong Sixin , Jia Zhuoma , Jiabu Dawa , Feng Xin , Wang Junsong
Published: September 2024

Background/Objectives: Meconopsis has long been used in traditional Tibetan medicine to treat various diseases. However, blue-flowered Meconopsis (M. betonicifolia) is becoming increasingly scarce due to overharvesting. As a potential alternative, yellow-flowered Meconopsis (M. integrifolia) shows promise but requires comprehensive characterization. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the anti-inflammatory potential of yellow- and blue-flowered Meconopsis species.
Methods: LC-MS was used to analyze the chemical profiles of yellow- and blue-flowered Meconopsis. Putative targets of shared constituents were subjected to GO and disease enrichment analysis. The LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophage model was employed to assess anti-inflammatory effects. Metabolomics was applied to gain mechanistic insights.
Results: LC-MS revealed over 70% chemical similarity between species. Enrichment analysis associated targets with inflammation-related pathways. In macrophage assays, both species demonstrated dose-dependent anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities, with yellow Meconopsis exhibiting superior efficacy. Metabolomics showed modulation of key inflammatory metabolic pathways.
Conclusions: This integrative study validated yellow-flowered Meconopsis as a credible alternative to its blue-flowered counterpart for anti-inflammatory applications. Metabolic profiling provided initial clues regarding their multi-targeted modes of action, highlighting clinical relevance and potential for sustainable utilization and biodiversity conservation.
Effects of Substituting Fishmeal with Soy Protein Concentrate Supplemented with Essential Amino Acids in the Olive Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) Diet on the Expression of Growth, Stress, Immune, and Digestive Enzyme-Related Genes
Authors: Lee Sang Hyun , Park Jong-Won , Jeong Minhwan , Lee Dain , Kim Julan , Kim Hyun-Chul
Published: September 2024

This study identified the effects of substituting fishmeal (FM) with soy protein concentrate (SPC) supplemented with lysine and methionine in the olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) diet on the expression of genes related to growth, stress, immunity, and digestion. Three experimental diets were prepared; the control diet (Con) contained 60% FM, and 25% (SPC25) and 50% (SPC50) FM were replaced by SPC. After the 140-day feeding period, weight gain, specific growth rate, feed availability, biological indices and chemical composition of the muscle were not significantly affected by the dietary treatments. The gene expression levels of growth-related genes (IGF, GFB-3), immune-related genes (IL-8 and caspase), stress-related genes (SOD, GPX, PRX, TRX) were higher in Con fish than in those fed the SPC25 and SPC50 diets. Chymo-TRY2, TRY2 and TRY3 in the stomach of fish fed the SPC25 diet were higher than fish fed the Con or SPC50 diets. TRY2 and lipase of fish fed the SPC25 diet were higher than those of fish fed the other diets but TRY3 was not significantly affected by the treatments in the intestine. In conclusion, substituting 25% FM with SPC was the most effective for the expression of growth, immune, stress, and digestive enzyme genes.
Segment Anything in OCT: SAM 2 for Volumetric Segmentation of Retinal Biomarkers
Authors: Kulyabin Mikhail , Zhdanov Aleksei , Pershin Andrey , Sokolov Gleb , Nikiforova Anastasia , Ronkin Mikhail , Borisov Vasilii I , Maier Andreas
Published: September 2024

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive imaging technique widely used in ophthalmology for visualizing retinal layers, aiding in early detection and monitoring of retinal diseases. OCT is useful for detecting diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic macular edema (DME), which affect millions of people globally. Over the past decade, the area of application of Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly Deep Learning (DL), has significantly increased. The number of medical applications is also rising, with solutions from other domains being increasingly applied to OCT. The segmentation of biomarkers is an essential problem that can enhance the quality of retinal disease diagnostics. For 3D OCT scans, AI is beneficial since manual segmentation is very labor-intensive. In this paper, we employ the new SAM 2 and MedSAM 2 for the segmentation of OCT volumes for two open-source datasets, comparing their performance with the traditional U-Net. The model achieved an overall Dice score of 0.913 and 0.902 for macular holes (MH) and intraretinal cysts (IRC) on OIMHS and 0.888 and 0.909 for intraretinal fluid (IRF) and pigment epithelial detachment (PED) on the AROI dataset, respectively.
Comorbid conditions as extrahepatic manifestations of chronic HCV infection
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russian Federation, Kravchenko I.E. , Girfanutdinova E.R. ,   Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russian Federation, Galeeva N.V. ,   Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russian Federation, Ginyatullin R.R. ,   Rybno-Slobodskaya Central Regional Hospital, Rybnaya Sloboda district, Russian Federation
Published: September 2024

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a serious public health problem. In 2022, more than 33.8 thousand cases of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) were registered in the Russian Federation, with a total economic burden of RUB 60.9 billion. In addition to liver damage, a significant number of patients with CHC have various comorbid conditions, the development of which may be due to extrahepatic replication of HCV. In clinical practice, it is difficult to prove the association of comorbid pathology with extrahepatic manifestations of HCV. This literature review presents the results of meta-analyses and systematic studies that demonstrate the development of extrahepatic manifestations in chronic HCV infection. The data on cardiovascular and endocrine system damage, development of mixed cryoglobulinemia, neurological disorders are discussed. The analysis of scientific studies on the influence of HCV therapy with direct antiviral drugs on the course of comorbid pathology is carried out, personalized approaches to antiviral therapy for HCV patients with comorbid pathology and the prospects of clinical research to study this problem are substantiated. Key words: chronic HCV infection, chronic hepatitis C, extrahepatic manifestations, comorbid conditions, direct antiviral drugs
Impact of COVID-19 on liver health in hepatitis B patients
Authors:   Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, Shahramian I. , Afshari M. ,   Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran, Tahani M. ,   Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran, Parooie F. ,   Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran, Arefi M. ,   Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran, Jahanpanah A. ,   Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
Published: September 2024

This article presents a review of publications on the impact of coronavirus infection 2019 (COVID-19) on liver function (as measured by enzyme levels) in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Both viruses can damage liver tissue; in addition, various medications used to treat COVID-19 are known to have similar effects. People with comorbid somatic diseases are more susceptible to COVID-19; the presence of two or more comorbidities not only significantly increases the risk of COVID-19 infection but also leads to worse clinical outcomes. Experts believe that SARS-CoV-2 and HBV viruses can impair liver function by increasing the levels of total bilirubin, alanine and asparagine aminotransferases, gamma-glutamyltransferase, and alkaline phosphatase. Many studies have shown that past and current hepatitis B infections do not increase mortality in COVID-19 patients. The length of hospital stay of patients with COVID-19 and patients with a combination of both infections are virtually the same. Key words: viral infection, coronavirus infection 2019 (COVID-19), hepatitis B, liver damage, systematic review, liver enzyme levels
Penerapan Pendekatan Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) dalam Kegiatan P5 di SDN 67 Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Rahmanda Agrezia , Agusdianita Neza , Desri Desri
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan pendekatan Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) dalam kegiatan projek penguatan pelajar pancasila (P5) di SDN 67 Kota Bengkulu. Pendekatan CRT merupakan suatu metode pembelajaran yang dimana semua peserta didik berhak mendapatkan pengajaran yang sama, tanpa membedakan latar belakang budayanya. Kegiatan P5 diterapkan untuk mengembangkan karakter profil pelajar pancasila pada peserta didik di sekolah. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik analisis data deskriptif. Teknik analisis data deskriptif menjelaskan fakta dan fenomena yang ditemukan pada penerapan CRT dalam projek P5. Hasil penelitian ini berupa penerapan pendekatan CRT dalam kegiatan P5 di SDN 67 Kota Bengkulu dengan mengintegrasikan lagu, tarian, dan alat musik daerah dalam pembelajaran di kelas. Peserta didik diperkenalkan kebudayaan Bengkulu dengan berlatih lagu dan tarian daerah setiap hari rabu pada mata pelajaran P5. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini ialah peserta didik di SDN 67 Kota Bengkulu menerapkan CRT dalam proyek P5 dengan menjadikan budaya Bengkulu khususnya tarian adat dan lagu daerah pada kegiatan kokurikuler yang dilaksanakan enam jam pelajaran dalam seminggu dan pengintegrasian topik budaya.
Bahan Ajar “Misi Pian” Berbasis PMRI sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Matematis Siswa
Authors: Annisa Citra Nur , Fitriani Andhin Dyas , Mufliva Rosiana
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kurangnya pemahaman siswa terkait konsep pembagian. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: 1) Menghasilkan desain awal pengembangan bahan ajar, 2) Mengetahui penilaian ahli mengenai bahan ajar, 3) Menghasilkan produk akhir bahan ajar, dan 4) Mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa setelah uji coba bahan ajar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah D&D dengan model ADDIE. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan yaitu wawancara, angket, dan tes dengan teknik analisis data kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas III SD. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu bahan ajar “Misi Pian” berbasis PMRI berada pada kategori sangat layak dengan rata-rata skor dari validator pertama yaitu 94,05% dan validator kedua 94,75% serta memperoleh n-gain sebesar 0,64 yang termasuk kategori cukup efektif. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pengembangan bahan “Misi Pian” berbasis PMRI berada pada kategori sangat layak digunakan sebagai upaya meningkatkan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa pada materi pembagian bilangan cacah.