bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of diagnostic performance between Oncomine Dx target test and AmoyDx panel for detecting actionable mutations in lung cancer
Authors: Nagakubo Yuki , Hirotsu Yosuke , Yoshino Mona , Amemiya Kenji , Saito Ryota , Kakizaki Yumiko , Tsutsui Toshiharu , Miyashita Yoshihiro , Goto Taichiro , Omata Masao
Published: May 2024

Companion diagnostic (CDx) tests play important roles in identifying oncogenic driver genes and tailoring effective molecularly targeted therapies for lung cancer patients. In Japan, the Oncomine Dx target test (ODxTT) and the AmoyDx pan lung cancer PCR panel (AmoyDx) are prominent CDx tests and only one of these tests is covered by the domestic insurance system. However, these CDx tests cover different target regions and apply different technologies (ODxTT is amplicon-based next-generation sequencing and AmoyDx is multiplex PCR-based assay), which may lead to missing of actionable mutations affecting patient prognosis. Here, we performed a direct comparison analysis of 1059 genetic alterations of eight driver genes from 131 samples and evaluated the concordance between two CDx tests for detecting actionable variants and fusions. When excluding the eight uncovered variants (ODxTT: two variants, AmoyDx: six variants), the overall percent agreement was 97.6% (1026/1051) with 89.0% of overall positive percent agreement (89/100) and 98.5% of overall negative percent agreement (937/951). Of the 25 discordant genetic alterations, two were undetected despite being covered in the AmoyDx (one EGFR variant and one ROS1 fusion). Furthermore, there were potential false positives in the ODxTT (nine MET exon 14 skippings) and in the AmoyDx (five variants, six ROS1 and three RET fusions). These potential false positives in the AmoyDx likely due to non-specific amplification, which was validated by the unique molecular barcoding sequencing. The ODxTT missed two uncovered EGFR rare variants, which was visually confirmed in the raw sequencing data. Our study provides insights into real-world performance of CDx tests for lung cancer and ensures reliability to advance precision medicine.
Inverse kinematics solution and control method of 6-degree-of-freedom manipulator based on deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Zhao Chengyi , Wei Yimin , Xiao Junfeng , Sun Yong , Zhang Dongxing , Guo Qiuquan , Yang Jun
Published: May 2024

The advent of Industry 4.0 has significantly promoted the field of intelligent manufacturing, which is facilitated by the development of new technologies are emerging. Robot technology and robot intelligence methods have rapidly developed and been widely applied. Manipulators are widely used in industry, and their control is a crucial research topic. The inverse kinematics solution of manipulators is an important part of manipulator control, which calculates the joint angles required for the end effector to reach a desired position and posture. Traditional inverse kinematics solution algorithms often face the problem of insufficient generalization, and iterative methods have challenges such as large computation and long solution time. This paper proposes a reinforcement learning-based inverse kinematics solution algorithm, called the MAPPO-IK algorithm. The algorithm trains the manipulator agent using the MAPPO algorithm and calculates the difference between the end effector state of the manipulator and the target posture in real-time by designing a reward mechanism, while considering Gaussian distance and cosine distance. Through experimental comparative analysis, the feasibility, computational efficiency, and superiority of this reinforcement learning algorithm are verified. Compared with traditional inverse kinematics solution algorithms, this method has good generalization and supports real-time computation, and the obtained result is a unique solution. Reinforcement learning algorithms have better adaptability to complex environments and can handle different sudden situations in different environments. This algorithm also has the advantages of path planning, intelligent obstacle avoidance, and other advantages in dynamically processing complex environmental scenes.
Disseminated intravascular coagulation is associated with poor prognosis in patients with COVID-19
Authors: Gando Satoshi , Akiyama Takayuki
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to investigate the incidence and significance of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A multicenter cohort study was conducted using large-scale COVID-19 registry data. The patients were classified into DIC and non-DIC groups based on the diagnosis on admission (day 1) and on any of the days 1, 4, 8, and 15. In total, 23,054 patients were divided into DIC (n = 264) and non-DIC (n = 22,790) groups on admission. Thereafter, 1654 patients were divided into 181 patients with DIC and 1473 non-DIC patients based on the DIC diagnosis on any of the days from 1 to 15. DIC incidence was 1.1% on admission, increasing to 10.9% by day 15. DIC diagnosis on admission had moderate predictive performance for developing multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) on day 4 and in-hospital death and was independently associated with MODS and in-hospital death. DIC diagnosis on any of the days from 1 to 15, especially days 8 and 15, was associated with lower survival probability than those without DIC and showed significant association with in-hospital death. In conclusion, despite its low incidence, DIC, particularly late-onset DIC, plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of poor prognosis in patients with COVID-19.
Determination of cinnamaldehyde, thymol and eugenol in essential oils by LC–MS/MS and antibacterial activity of them against bacteria
Authors: Li Zhi , Li Yan , Cheng Wenbo
Published: May 2024

Plant essential oils contain many secondary metabolites, some of which can effectively inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms, so it is a very promising antibacterial agent. In this study, a qualitative and quantitative method based on high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS) was developed for the simultaneous determination of three bioactive substances, cinnamaldehyde (CNM), thymol (THY), and eugenol (EUG), in the essential oils of plants. Necessary tests for linearity, limit of quantification, recovery, carryover contamination and precision of the method were carried out. Then, the antibacterial activity of 3 bioactive compounds against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was evaluated by minimal inhibitory concentration and the synergistic antimicrobial effect. The results indicated that CNM, THY and EUG had good antibacterial activity. According to the results of fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI), it is considered that CNM + THY and CNM + THY + EUG has obvious synergistic inhibitory effect on E. coli, and CNM + THY and CNM + EUG has obvious synergistic inhibitory effect on S. aureus. Finally, we analyzed the effect of the bioactive compounds on trace elements in bacteria and found significant changes in magnesium, calcium, copper and iron.
Capillary wave tweezer
Authors: Orme Bethany , Torun Hamdi , Unthank Matthew , Fu Yong-Qing , Ford Bethan , Agrawal Prashant
Published: May 2024

Precise control of microparticle movement is crucial in high throughput processing for various applications in scalable manufacturing, such as particle monolayer assembly and 3D bio-printing. Current techniques using acoustic, electrical and optical methods offer precise manipulation advantages, but their scalability is restricted due to issues such as, high input powers and complex fabrication and operation processes. In this work, we introduce the concept of capillary wave tweezers, where mm-scale capillary wave fields are dynamically manipulated to control the position of microparticles in a liquid volume. Capillary waves are generated in an open liquid volume using low frequency vibrations (in the range of 10–100 Hz) to trap particles underneath the nodes of the capillary waves. By shifting the displacement nodes of the waves, the trapped particles are precisely displaced. Using analytical and numerical models, we identify conditions under which a stable control over particle motion is achieved. By showcasing the ability to dynamically control the movement of microparticles, our concept offers a simple and high throughput method to manipulate particles in open systems.
Multiscale knowledge distillation with attention based fusion for robust human activity recognition
Authors: Yuan Zhaohui , Yang Zhengzhe , Ning Hao , Tang Xiangyang
Published: May 2024

Knowledge distillation is an effective approach for training robust multi-modal machine learning models when synchronous multimodal data are unavailable. However, traditional knowledge distillation techniques have limitations in comprehensively transferring knowledge across modalities and models. This paper proposes a multiscale knowledge distillation framework to address these limitations. Specifically, we introduce a multiscale semantic graph mapping (SGM) loss function to enable more comprehensive knowledge transfer between teacher and student networks at multiple feature scales. We also design a fusion and tuning (FT) module to fully utilize correlations within and between different data types of the same modality when training teacher networks. Furthermore, we adopt transformer-based backbones to improve feature learning compared to traditional convolutional neural networks. We apply the proposed techniques to multimodal human activity recognition and compared with the baseline method, it improved by 2.31% and 0.29% on the MMAct and UTD-MHAD datasets. Ablation studies validate the necessity of each component.
Estimation of patient-reported outcome measures based on features of knee joint muscle co-activation in advanced knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Hussain Iqram , Kim Sung Eun , Kwon Chiheon , Hoon Seo Kyung , Kim Hee Chan , Ku Yunseo , Ro Du Hyun
Published: May 2024

Electromyography (EMG) is considered a potential predictive tool for the severity of knee osteoarthritis (OA) symptoms and functional outcomes. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), such as the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and visual analog scale (VAS), are used to determine the severity of knee OA. We aim to investigate muscle activation and co-contraction patterns through EMG from the lower extremity muscles of patients with advanced knee OA patients and evaluate the effectiveness of an interpretable machine-learning model to estimate the severity of knee OA according to the WOMAC (pain, stiffness, and physical function) and VAS using EMG gait features. To explore neuromuscular gait patterns with knee OA severity, EMG from rectus femoris, medial hamstring, tibialis anterior, and gastrocnemius muscles were recorded from 84 patients diagnosed with advanced knee OA during ground walking. Muscle activation patterns and co-activation indices were calculated over the gait cycle for pairs of medial and lateral muscles. We utilized machine-learning regression models to estimate the severity of knee OA symptoms according to the PROMs using muscle activity and co-contraction features. Additionally, we utilized the Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) to interpret the contribution of the EMG features to the regression model for estimation of knee OA severity according to WOMAC and VAS. Muscle activity and co-contraction patterns varied according to the functional limitations associated with knee OA severity according to VAS and WOMAC. The coefficient of determination of the cross-validated regression model is 0.85 for estimating WOMAC, 0.82 for pain, 0.85 for stiffness, and 0.85 for physical function, as well as VAS scores, utilizing the gait features. SHAP explanation revealed that greater co-contraction of lower extremity muscles during the weight acceptance and swing phases indicated more severe knee OA. The identified muscle co-activation patterns may be utilized as objective candidate outcomes to better understand the severity of knee OA.
Equivalence study of the resin-dentine interface of internal tunnel restorations when using an enamel infiltrant resin with ethanol-wet dentine bonding
Authors: Kielbassa Andrej M. , Summer Sabrina , Frank Wilhelm , Lynch Edward , Batzer Julia-Susanne
Published: May 2024

This preregistered ex vivo investigation examined the dentinal hybrid layer formation of a resinous infiltrant (Icon), with reference to both thickness (HLT) and homogeneity when combined with modified tunnel preparation (occlusal cavity only) and internal/external caries infiltration. The adhesives Syntac and Scotchbond MP were used as controls (Groups 1 and 3) or in combination with Icon (Groups 2 and 4). A split-tooth design using healthy third molars from 20 donors resulted in 20 prepared dentine cavities per experimental group. The cavity surfaces (n = 80) were etched (37% H3PO4), rinsed, and air-dried. Rewetting with ethanol was followed by application of the respective primers. After labeling with fluorescent dyes, either Syntac Adhesive/Heliobond or Scotchbond MP Adhesive was used alone or supplemented with Icon. HLT, as evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, did not significantly differ (P > 0.05), and confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed homogeneously mixed/polymerized resin-dentine interdiffusion zones in all groups. Icon can be successfully integrated into an ethanol-wet dentine bonding strategy, and will result in compact and homogeneous hybrid layers of comparable thickness considered equivalent to the non-Icon controls, thus allowing for preservation of the tooth’s marginal ridge and interdental space in the case of internal/external infiltration of proximal caries.
Analysis of the synergistic benefits of typical technologies for pollution reduction and carbon reduction in the iron and steel industry in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region
Authors: Wen Wei , Deng Zifan , Ma Xin , Xing Yi , Pan Chongchao , Liu Yusong , Zhang Han , Tharaka W. A. N. D. , Hua Tongxin , Shen Liyao
Published: May 2024

With its high energy consumption and pollutant emissions, the iron and steel industry is a significant source of air pollution and carbon emissions in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region. To improve air quality and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, a series of policies involving ultra-low emission, synergistic reduction of pollution, and carbon application have been implemented in the region. This study has assessed air pollutant and CO2 emission patterns in the iron and steel industry of the region by employing co-control effects coordinate system, marginal abatement cost curve, and numerical modeling, along with the synergistic benefits of typical technologies. The results have demonstrated that: (1) the intensive production activities pertinent to iron and steel enterprises has contributed greatly to the emission in Tangshan and Handan, where the sintering process is the main source of SO2, NOx, PM2.5, and CO, accounting for 64.86%, 55.15%, 29.98%, and 46.43% of the total emissions, respectively. (2) Among the typical pollution control and reduction measures, industrial restructuring and adjustment of the energy-resource structure have led to the greatest effects on emission reduction. Technologies exhibiting great potential in emission reduction and high-cost efficiency such as Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) need to be promoted. (3) In Tangshan city with the highest level of steel production, the iron and steel production activities contributed to the concentration of 30.51% of PM2.5, 50.67% of SO2, and 42.54% of NO2 during the non-heating period. During the heating period, pollutants pertinent to the combustion of fossil energy for heating have increased, while iron and steel induced emissions have decreased to 23.7%, 34.32%, and 29.13%, respectively. By 2030, it is speculated that the contribution of the iron and steel industry to air quality will be significantly decreased as result of successful implementation of ultra-low emission policies and typical synergistic reduction technologies.
TCF7L1 regulates colorectal cancer cell migration by repressing GAS1 expression
Authors: King Carli M. , Ding Wei , Eshelman Melanie A. , Yochum Gregory S.
Published: May 2024

Dysregulated Wnt/β-catenin signaling is a common feature of colorectal cancer (CRC). The T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor (TCF/LEF; hereafter, TCF) family of transcription factors are critical regulators of Wnt/β-catenin target gene expression. Of the four TCF family members, TCF7L1 predominantly functions as a transcriptional repressor. Although TCF7L1 has been ascribed an oncogenic role in CRC, only a few target genes whose expression it regulates have been characterized in this cancer. Through transcriptome analyses of TCF7L1 regulated genes, we noted enrichment for those associated with cellular migration. By silencing and overexpressing TCF7L1 in CRC cell lines, we demonstrated that TCF7L1 promoted migration, invasion, and adhesion. We localized TCF7L1 binding across the CRC genome and overlapped enriched regions with transcriptome data to identify candidate target genes. The growth arrest-specific 1 (GAS1) gene was among these and we demonstrated that GAS1 is a critical mediator of TCF7L1-dependent CRC cell migratory phenotypes. Together, these findings uncover a novel role for TCF7L1 in repressing GAS1 expression to enhance migration and invasion of CRC cells.
Abrupt reduction in shipping emission as an inadvertent geoengineering termination shock produces substantial radiative warming
Authors: Yuan Tianle , Song Hua , Oreopoulos Lazaros , Wood Robert , Bian Huisheng , Breen Katherine , Chin Mian , Yu Hongbin , Barahona Donifan , Meyer Kerry , Platnick Steven
Published: May 2024

Human activities affect the Earth’s climate through modifying the composition of the atmosphere, which then creates radiative forcing that drives climate change. The warming effect of anthropogenic greenhouse gases has been partially balanced by the cooling effect of anthropogenic aerosols. In 2020, fuel regulations abruptly reduced the emission of sulfur dioxide from international shipping by about 80% and created an inadvertent geoengineering termination shock with global impact. Here we estimate the regulation leads to a radiative forcing of$$+0.2\pm 0.11$$+0.2±0.11Wm−2averaged over the global ocean. The amount of radiative forcing could lead to a doubling (or more) of the warming rate in the 2020 s compared with the rate since 1980 with strong spatiotemporal heterogeneity. The warming effect is consistent with the recent observed strong warming in 2023 and expected to make the 2020 s anomalously warm. The forcing is equivalent in magnitude to 80% of the measured increase in planetary heat uptake since 2020. The radiative forcing also has strong hemispheric contrast, which has important implications for precipitation pattern changes. Our result suggests marine cloud brightening may be a viable geoengineering method in temporarily cooling the climate that has its unique challenges due to inherent spatiotemporal heterogeneity.
Effects of germinated brown rice and germinated black rice on people with type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with dyslipidaemia
Authors: Zhao Fengyi , Ren Chuanying , Li Lihua , Huang Chao , Zhao Qing , Zhong Yulian , Hu Qiaosheng , Liao Wang , Xia Hui , Yang Ligang , Wang Shaokang , Sun Guiju
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to observe the effects of germinated brown rice and germinated black rice on blood glycolipid levels in T2DM patients with dyslipidaemia and to study their effects on the gut microbiome and short-chain fatty acids.
A fluorescent sensor array based on a single cucurbit[5]uril–truxene probe for simultaneous identification of five heavy metal ions
Authors: Qiao Tingyi , Li Pei , Dong Nan
Published: May 2024

A fluorescent sensor array based on a Q[5]–truxene single probe simultaneously identified five heavy metal ions successfully.
Site-directed allostery perturbation to probe the negative regulation of hypoxia inducible factor-1α
Authors: Petrovicz Vencel L. , Pasztuhov István , Martinek Tamás A. , Hegedüs Zsófia
Published: May 2024

The structural adaptation of p300 to the backbone-modified CITED2 sequences provides insight into the molecular mechanism that governs the allosteric regulation of HIF-1α.
Advancing nonlinear optics: discovery and characterization of new non-centrosymmetric phenazine-based halides
Authors: Cui Yibo , Cao Jindong , Lin Jiawei , Li Chunxiao , Yao Jiyong , Liu Kunjie , Hou An , Guo Zhongnan , Zhao Jing , Liu Quanlin
Published: May 2024

Synthesis and characterization of phenazine-based OIMH compounds, including (C12H9N2)PbCl3, (C12H9N2)SbCl4, and (C12H9N2)2InBr4·Br.
Unraveling and regulating superstructure domain dispersion in lithium-rich layered oxide cathodes for high stability and reversibility
Authors: Choi Geunho , Chang Uijin , Lee Jeongjae , Park Kwanghee , Kwon Hyuksang , Lee Hyosung , Kim Yong-Il , Seo Jong Hyeok , Park Yoon-Cheol , Park Inchul , Kim Jieun , Lee Seungmi , Choi Jinuk , Yu Byongyong , Song Jun-Hyuk , Shin Hosun , Baek Seung-Wook , Lee Sung Keun , Park Hyeokjun , Jung Keeyoung
Published: May 2024

Lithium-rich layered oxides (LLOs) have attracted tremendous attention as promising next generation cathode materials thanks to their superb capacity through additional anionic oxygen redox and lower cost by less use of expensive transition metals.
Precisely constructing charge-asymmetric dual-atom Fe sites supported on hollow porous carbon spheres for efficient oxygen reduction
Authors: Li Yaqiong , Luo Xuan , Wei Zihao , Zhang Fang , Sun Zhiyi , Deng Ziwei , Zhan Ziheng , Zhao Chaofeng , Sun Qi , Zhang Liang , Chen Wenxing , Li Shenghua , Pang Siping
Published: May 2024

Transition group metal catalysts showing atomic dispersion are on the rise as affordable electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in fuel cell batteries, but their activity in acidic media remains constrained.
Peptidomics-based study of antihypertensive activity: discovery of novel ACE inhibiting peptides from peanut yogurt
Authors: Chen Baiyan , Wang Xiaoying , Zhang Jiuyan , Wang Li
Published: May 2024

Studies have confirmed that yogurt has the activity of regulating blood pressure because it is rich in probiotic-fermented food-derived active peptides.
Comparative analysis of pectin and prebiotics on human microbiota modulation in early life stages and adults
Authors: Donadio Janaina Lombello Santos , Fabi João Paulo
Published: May 2024

The gut microbiota is essential in human health, influencing various physiological processes ranging from digestion and metabolism to immune function and mental health.
Flexible strain sensors based on silver nanowires and UV-curable acrylate elastomers for wrist movement monitoring
Authors: Li Shuhao , Wu Wenjin , Chang Yu , Chen Weiquan , Liu Yijie , He Zifeng , Pu Yan , Babichuk Ivan S. , Ye Terry Tao , Gao Zhaoli , Yang Jian
Published: May 2024

This article uses innovative UV-curable acrylate elastomer with AgNWs to develop flexible strain sensors for wrist movement monitoring.
The recent advancements in protein nanoparticles for immunotherapy
Authors: Xu Miaomiao , Wei Siyuan , Duan Lifan , Ji Yifan , Han Xiaofan , Sun Qipeng , Weng Lixing
Published: May 2024

An overview of the advancements in protein nanoparticles for immunotherapy across diseases include cancer and other diseases like influenza, pneumonia, and hepatitis.
Near-infrared AIEgens for sulfatase imaging in breast cancer in vivo
Authors: Xu Lingling , Deng Yu , Gao Hang , Yao Yuchen , Liu Xiaoyang , Zhan Wenjun , Liang Gaolin , Sun Xianbao
Published: May 2024

A near-infrared aggregation induced-emission luminogen QMT-SFA was designed for sensitive and real-time imaging of sulfatase activity in breast tumor cells and in vivo.
Hierarchical mesoporous N-doped carbon as an efficient ORR/OER bifunctional electrocatalyst for rechargeable zinc–air battery
Authors: Li Ping , Wen Jinghong , Xiang Yang , Li Meiqi , Zhao Yunxiu , Wang Suna , Dou Jianmin , Li Yunwu , Ma Huiyan , Xu Liqiang
Published: May 2024

Hierarchical mesoporous NDC-800 catalyst with rich N–C sites and defects exhibits ORR/OER bifunction activity and zinc–air battery properties over 20% Pt/C. DFT shows that N doping and defects have synergy, significantly improves performance.
An artificial enzyme of a polyoxometalate-supported cobalt complex for the oxidation of isochromans to isochromanones by activating O2
Authors: Ren Xiangyu , Tian Hongrui , Chen Baokuan , Dai Lingling , Bi Yanfeng , Yang Guoping
Published: May 2024

An artificial enzyme of a polyoxometalate-supported cobalt complex was synthesized in a decagram scale, which can activate O2 for the oxidation of isochromans to isochromanones with high yields under mild conditions and without any additives.
Synthesis of ciprofloxacin-linked 1,2,3-triazole conjugates as potent antibacterial agents using click chemistry: exploring their function as DNA gyrase inhibitors via in silico- and in vitro-based studies
Authors: Patel Upendra Kumar , Tiwari Punit , Tilak Ragini , Joshi Gaurav , Kumar Roshan , Agarwal Alka
Published: May 2024

The antibacterial efficacy of some newly developed C-3 carboxylic group-containing ciprofloxacin-linked 1,2,3-triazole conjugates was studied.
Acoustic levitation combined with laboratory-based small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to probe changes in crystallinity and molecular organisation
Authors: Milsom Adam , Squires Adam M. , Macklin Jack , Wady Paul , Pfrang Christian
Published: May 2024

Single particle levitation techniques allow us to probe samples in a contactless way, negating the effect that surfaces could have on processes such as crystallisation and phase transitions.
Sustainable carbon dots from Borreria hispida: enhanced colorimetric sensing of Fe3+ ions and biological applications in live cell imaging
Authors: S Shanmuga Priya , SR Suseem
Published: May 2024

This study presents the synthesis of advanced nanomaterials derived from the hedge-grown herbal plant, Borreria hispida, and explores their environmental and biological applications.
ZIF-8/g-C3N4 photocatalysts: enhancing CO2 reduction through improved adsorption and photocatalytic performance
Authors: Sun Yihui , Zhang Hui , Lv Yan , An Shengli , Wang Ruifen
Published: May 2024

This research offers fresh perspectives on the development of effective CO2 photocatalysts, leveraging the synergistic interactions between semiconductor nanostructures and metal–organic frameworks.
Enhancing photocatalytic tetracycline degradation through the fabrication of high surface area CeO2 from a cerium–organic framework
Authors: Borges Serra Ayla Roberta , Castro de Sousa Gabriel , de Carvalho Gomes Viviane , Alves de Sousa Filho Idio , Grisolia Cesar Koppe , Zhao Baiwen , Walton Richard I. , Serra Osvaldo Antonio
Published: May 2024

Water pollution is a global environmental issue, and the presence of pharmaceutical compounds, such as tetracyclines (TCs), in aquatic ecosystems has raised growing concerns due to the potential risks to both the environment and human health.
Design of a new palladium(ii) halide complex as a bio-active material: synthesis, physico-chemical studies, DFT-computations and evaluation of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-gastric damage activities
Authors: Bougossa Sarra , Mhadhbi Noureddine , Ben Ahmed Ali , Hamdi Mohamed , Elghniji Kais , Erwann Jeanneau , Hamden Khaled , Oueslati Abderrazek , Naïli Houcine
Published: May 2024

A new Pd(ii) complex has been prepared at room temperature. It was characterized by SC-XRD, UV-vis spectroscopy, photoluminescence, thermal analysis, cyclic voltammetry, dielectric measurements and biological activities.
Selective recognition and enrichment of C70 over C60 using an anthracene-based nanotube
Authors: Nian Hao , Wang Song-Meng , Wang Yan-Fang , Zheng Yu-Tao , Zheng Li-Shuo , Wang Xiaoping , Yang Liu-Pan , Jiang Wei , Cao Liping
Published: May 2024

A hexagonal anthracene-based nanotube (1) was synthesized through a one-pot Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. 1 shows high binding affinity and selectivity to C70 over C60 in toluene, resulting in enrichment of C70.
Realizing a single-phase reaction and K+/vacancy disordering in P2-K0.56Na0.11Li0.12Ni0.22Mn0.66O2 by lithium substitution for potassium-ion batteries
Authors: Tang Yongwei , Dong Haojie , Liu Mengting , Wei Guang-Xu , Li Jin-Hong , Tang Wenjie , Liu Yifeng , Zhu Xu , Feng Yi-Hu , Liu Qiang , Wang Da-Wei , Xiao Yao , Wang Peng-Fei , Xiao Bing
Published: May 2024

Through the electrochemical ion-exchange method, P2-K0.56Na0.11Li0.12Ni0.22Mn0.66O2 was successfully synthesized as a high-performance cathode with a single-phase reaction and K+/vacancy disordering for potassium-ion batteries.
Gate bias modulation towards organic electrochemical transistors with ultra-high cycling stability
Authors: Xie Miao , Lai Yueping , Li Meisi , Zhao Dan , Huang Chenggeng , Bai Libing , Cheng Yuhua , Chen Jianhua , Feng Liang-Wen , Huang Wei
Published: May 2024

The combination of appropriate gate bias and innovative structure design can significantly enhance the cycling stability of organic electrochemical transistors, which is crucial for controllable and extended lifetime of functional bioelectronics.
In situ conversion of Co–CoN nanowires into ultrathin 2D nanosheets for highly effective catalytic hydrogenation
Authors: Li Lin , Gu Ying , Zhang Gen , Han Huibo , Yang Jiaqi , Xu Mengqi , Zhou Xiaoguang , Tian Chungui
Published: May 2024

Ultrathin 2D Co–CoN heterojunction nanosheets were prepared by a novel route based on in situ conversion of Co–CoN nanowires. The nanosheets exhibit excellent catalytic activity and stability towards aromatic nitro compounds.
A high-performance TiO2 protective layer derived from non-high vacuum technology for a Si-based photocathode to enhance photoelectrochemical water splitting
Authors: Li Xin , Zhao Hui , Huang Jie , Li Ying , Miao Hongyan , Shi Gang , Wong Po Keung
Published: May 2024

A non-high vacuum technique was used to fabricate a TiO2 protective layer of a Si-based photocathode, in which MOF derivatives enhance carrier transfer efficiency. The photocathode has high onset potential, high photocurrent and long-term stability.
Electrodeposition of nickel–cobalt alloys from metal chloride-l-serine deep eutectic solvent for the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Hu Yanling , Wang Chao
Published: May 2024

Ni–Co alloys are electrodeposited from metal chloride-l series deep eutectic solvent and are used as HER electrocatalysts in 1 M KOH.
Peanut shell carbon quantum dots modified with citric acid: amplifying visual detection of fluorescence sensitivity for Cu2+
Authors: Javeria Huma , Abbas Muhammad Qamer , Chen Shu-Huan , Du Zhen-xia
Published: May 2024

PSCA-CQDs are prepared from peanut shells and CA for the visual detection of Cu2+ ions via fluorescence, which is recovered with EDTA.
Electron-deficient multicenter bonding in pnictogens and chalcogens: mechanism of formation
Authors: Osman Hussien H. , Otero-de-la-Roza Alberto , Rodríguez-Hernández P. , Muñoz Alfonso , Manjón Francisco J.
Published: May 2024

Phase change materials (PCMs), which bear a strong relationship with pnictogens (group V or 15) and chalcogens (group VI or 16), are mostly chalcogens related to AIVBVI and AV2BVI3 families.
Modulation of phosphor luminescence performance by high concentration self-sensitization of Er and Ho–Yb ion co-doping under 1550 nm excitation
Authors: Lei Bohan , Lu Liping , Sun Haiying
Published: May 2024

The role played by high concentration doping of Er3+ ions under 1550 nm excitation and the response mechanism of Ho3+ ions to 1550 nm photons.
The roles of Bi in InAs and InAsBi nanostructure growth
Authors: Zhao Bijun , Zhang Xutao , Ao Lei , Jiang Nian , Shi Suixing , Huo Zifan , Zhang Yanhui , Yi Ruixuan , Zou Jin , Gan Xuetao , Chen Pingping
Published: May 2024

The illustration of Bi catalyzed InAsBi growth (left) and the band diagram of InAs0.875Bi0.125 (right).
Tetraphenylpyrazine-based chiral deep-blue dyes with high brightness for energy delivery
Authors: He Xiang , Zheng Canze , Deng Xin , Hong Yingjuan , Meng Miao , Qi Chunxuan , Feng Hai-Tao , Chen Ming , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: May 2024

The chiral deep-blue dyes containing tetraphenylpyrazine exhibit high brightness to light-up the white light emissions.
Group‐weighted oscillatory containment for multiple robots under heterogeneous cooperation and competition
Authors: Zhao L. Y. , Ren Y. , Li W. , Liang P.
Published: May 2024

The group‐weighted containment (GWC) problem is studied for swarms of robots, where the information flow among agents is heterogeneous (weighted) cooperative‐competitive and the whole networked systems are composed of multiple different groups. Each group is formed by multiple harmonic oscillator leaders and multiple robot followers governed by Euler‐Lagrange (EL) equations. After introducing the definition of group‐weighted containment to the networked robot systems, the control algorithms for the agents containing followers and leaders are formulated over newly weighted cooperative‐competitive network. Some necessary conditions for solving the weighted containment control problem are established. It is shown that the followers in every group can achieve a kind of novel coordinated behaviors. Specifically, the followers can converge to the dynamic convex hull spanned by the corresponding leaders' weighted coordinates under some conditions. Simulation results are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control schemes.
Experimental study of effects of buffer tank volume on pressure pulsation in valved linear compressor's pipe system at different frequencies
Authors: HUANG Qi , DING Lei , SHA Xinquan , LI Zicheng , LIU Shaoshuai , JIANG Zhenhua , DONG Deping
Published: May 2024

The valved linear compressor (VLC) is an essential part of the Joule-Thompson (J-T) throttling cryocooler in the liquid helium temperature region. The pressure pulsation may cause the fluctuation of the temperature and cooling capacity of the cryocooler, thus affecting its temperature stability. To measure the pressure pulsation of the VLC's pipe system, the mathematical model of pressure pulsation in the buffer tank of the VLC was established with the transfer matrix method based on the plane wave theory. The quantitative representation of the pulsating mass flow of the VLC was obtained with the linear damping based on the plane wave theory. Then, a test bench was set up to measure the pressure pulsation. The influence of the VLC's operating frequency and the suction and discharge buffer tank volume on the pressure pulsation was discussed. Results show that the pressure pulsation of the pipe system is related to the VLC's operating frequency. The pressure pulsation of the pipe system increases with the increase of the VLC's operating frequency. Both the inlet and outlet buffer tanks can effectively inhibit the pressure pulsation, but their capability is independent of each other. The pressure pulsation inhibition effect is better with the increase of the buffer tank volume. With the increase of the buffer tank volume, the pressure inhomogeneity at the inlet of the inlet buffer tank decreases to 164 over 423, but the pressure inhomogeneity at the outlet of the outlet buffer tank decreases to 8 over 23.
Single snapshot DOA estimation algorithm based on high-order power in LDACS
Authors: WANG Lei , GAO Xiang , HU Xiaoxiao , LIU Haitao
Published: May 2024

The L-band digital aeronautical communication system (LDACS) is one of the essential infrastructures for future aviation broadband communication. To address the problem of interference from adjacent high-power distance measuring equipment (DME) signals, a joint orthogonal projection interference suppression and single-snapshot sparse decomposition direction of arrival (DOA) estimation method is proposed. Firstly, the DME interference is suppressed by using the subspace projection, and then a pseudo-covariance matrix is constructed by using single-snapshot data. High-order power of the pseudo-covariance matrix is calculated, followed by singular value decomposition and sparse solution obtained using constraints to estimate the desired target. The proposed method in this paper reduces the impact of noise by utilizing high-order pseudo-covariance matrix, enabling accurate estimation of the DOA of OFDM signals with only a single snapshot. Simulation results show that the estimation accuracy by using ISS-HOP-L1-SVD algorithm is better than that via ISS-HOP-MUSIC algorithm. This method can effectively suppress DME interference and improve the performance of the OFDM receiver.
Parameter of Neutron Calibration Field in Viet Nam
Authors: LE Ngoc-Thiem
Published: May 2024

This paper presents the technical parameters of neutron calibration fields
available in Viet Nam for calibrations of neutron measuring meters (i.e.,
neutron ambient dose equivalent/rate meters and/or neutron personal dose
equivalent/rate meters - referred to neutron meters). The mentioned technical parameters of neutron calibration fields, in this work, consist of physical quantity (i.e., the integrated neutron fluence rate over a neutron spectrum, ϕ); operational dosimetric quantities (i.e., ambient dose equivalent rate,˙H∗(10)); and radiation quantities (i.e., fluence-spectrum-averaged energies, E; fluence-to-ambient dose equivalent conversion coefficient, h∗). The technical parameters of neutron reference fields were reported for different radiation beam qualities (i.e., for direct neutron component from a neutron reference fields of a bare
241Am-Be, complied with the ISO-8529 series criteria; and for total neutron component from simulated workplace neutron reference fields of a 241Am-Be source moderated by different polyethylene spheres and from a neutron reference field of a bare 239Pu-Be source, complied with the ISO-12789 series criteria). The technical parameters of the SO-8529 neutron reference field of the bare 241Am-Be source were theoretically calculated based on the total neutron source strength and presented for direct neutron component. In addition, the technical parameters of the ISO-12789 simulated workplace neutron reference fields of the
241 Am-Be source moderated by different polyethylene spheres as well as of the
239Pu-Be source were characterized using the Bonner sphere spectrometer system accompanying with the FRUIT neutron spectrum unfolding code for the total neutron component. The technical parameters as well as their standard combined uncertainties of neutron fields were also presented in conjunction with different distances from the sources’ centers.
Clinical Significance of Hyperhomocysteinemia in Free Flap Failure: A Case Report
Authors: Menjeta Abeje Brhanu , Jeong Hyung Hwa , Kim Tae Hyung , Jeong Seongsu , Pak Changsik John , Suh Hyunsuk Peter , Hong Joon Pio
Published: May 2024

Failure of a microvascular free flap remains rare, yet multiple failures can occur, particularly in the presence of hypercoagulable conditions. This case series highlights our experience with a rare hypercoagulable state: hyperhomocysteinemia.

We present two cases of patients with hyperhomocysteinemia in this report. High-dose heparinization was administered to both patients, resulting in successful salvage of one flap and failure of the other. Notably, one patient had a history of prior free flap failures. However, after correcting hyperhomocysteinemia, subsequent free flaps were successful.

In cases of detected complications, a coagulability study is warranted, and adjustments to anticoagulation treatment may be necessary. Furthermore, when a history of flap failures is evident, screening for hyperhomocysteinemia may be warranted, with correction made prior to reconstruction.
Comparative Study of Degree of Great Toe Movement after Complete and Partial Flexor Hallucis Longus Harvest in Free Fibula Flap
Authors: Agnihotri Ishan , Nayak Bibhuti Bhusan , Lakhotia Puja , Patnaik Aashish , Mohanty Rasmi Ranjan
Published: May 2024

Background The flexor hallucis longus (FHL) muscle is crucial in fine motor control of the great toe but the muscle is often sacrificed in free fibula flap (FFF) reconstruction. The aim of this study was to compare great toe movement between complete and partial FHL resection during FFF harvest to see if FHL can be left behind (without undergoing fibrosis) in situ when bulk is not required at the recipient site.

Methods A prospective, cross-sectional, observational study was performed including patients undergoing FFF harvest over a 2-year period. Movement of great toe interphalangeal joint was recorded of operated and unoperated legs in patients undergoing partial and complete FHL harvest and data analyzed.

Results There was a statistically significant (p < 0.05) difference between the two groups of patients.

Conclusion FHL can be safely left in situ in patients not requiring bulk at the recipient site as blood supply, nerve supply, and muscle function are not compromised in partial FHL harvest. Further image-based and dye-based studies are warranted.
Tailoring of ALT Flap for Optimizing Donor Site Morbidity
Authors: Bag Soumya Kanti , Das Cinjini
Published: May 2024

Wide and irregular-shaped defects at the lower trunk region are not uncommon following wide local excision of tumors. Pedicled anterolateral thigh (ALT) perforator flap has been the workhorse for these types of defects. But, in most of the cases flap donor sites cannot be closed primarily due to wide and irregular-shaped flap requirement. We propose a method of harvesting ALT flap in elliptical shape, dividing it into two or more geometrically predesigned islands based on perforators and rearranging them to fit into the defect, and thus achieving primary closure of the flap donor site.
Use of a Smartphone Digital Goniometer Combined with the Freehand Pedicle-Probing Technique for Repair of a Comminuted L6 Fracture in a 4 kg Dog
Authors: Mullins Ronan A. , Santos Bruno , Jamont Wiktoria
Published: May 2024

A 10-month-old, 4 kg, Bichon Frise cross was referred for surgical stabilization of a highly comminuted L6 vertebral fracture after a road traffic accident. Nonambulatory paraparesis was present, with weak voluntary motor function in both pelvic limbs. Computed tomography (CT) of T6 to Cd1 identified a highly comminuted fracture of vertebral body and cranial endplate of L6 with severe narrowing of vertebral canal. A left-sided L6 pediculectomy was performed. The cauda equina was mildly bruised. Smaller bone fragments were removed, whereas larger bone fragments were depressed ventrally. Two 1.5-mm cortical screws were inserted into pedicles of L7 and a further two 2.0-mm screws into L5 vertebral body using the pedicle-probing technique. Following exposure of underlying cancellous bone, a smartphone digital goniometer, held by a nonsterile assistant, was used to guide advancement of a blunted Kirschner wire acting as a probe according to preoperative CT-determined safe angles. Postoperative CT identified excellent vertebral column alignment with improvement in spinal cord compression and optimal placement of implants at L5 and L7 (grade 1 modified Zdichavsky). Repeat CT at 3 months postoperatively identified well-seated implants. This report highlights that use of a smartphone goniometer may be a useful adjunct to the freehand pedicle-probing technique to guide correct trajectory of the probe and may also have application in other regions of the spine.
Utility of Fat Grafting in Chronic Wounds
Authors: Prakash Om , Ali Sheikh Sarfraz , Yaseen Mohd , Sudhy Indrajith K. , Venkateshwar Pavan K. , Kishore Y. Ranga
Published: May 2024

Introduction The history of wounds dates back to the evolution of mankind. Throughout the centuries, management modalities of wounds have undergone drastic changes. With the advent of technology, we have multiple options for wound care, but none of them can be called the gold standard of wound care. Autologous fat grafting (AFG) is one of the most routinely performed procedures in aesthetic surgery. Fat grafting has shown beneficial effects in the healing of wounds. The regenerative potential of autologous fat is contributed by the adipose-derived stem cells present within the stromal vascular fraction, which are capable of differentiating into multiple cell types. This study aims to analyze the usefulness of AFG in cutaneous wound healing.

Materials and Methods This prospective, study was conducted in our institute between April 2021 and May 2023. Eighteen patients with nonhealing wounds were included in the study. For assessing wound healing all the patients were first managed with conventional dressing for 2 weeks before surgery. After routine preoperative workup, the procedure was performed under local anesthesia in most cases. Fat was harvested from the lower abdomen and after emulsification, was injected into the edge and floor of the ulcer. The dressing was changed on the third postoperative day and the outcome was assessed.

Results Eighteen patients (M:F ratio 8:1), with a mean age of 35.61 ± 12. 64 years (range 10–65 years), were included in this study. The most common etiology was trauma (44%), others being postop infection (17%), veno-lymphatic ulcer (17%), burns (11%), insect bite (5%), and trophic ulcer (5%). Majority of the wounds (95%) healed without the need for any extra intervention. The mean period taken for complete wound healing was 5.05 weeks.

Conclusion Complete wound healing was achieved in majority of the patients without any complications. We recommend the usage of AFG for nonhealing wounds, as the procedure is relatively simple and can be performed after basic training. Larger-scale randomized controlled trials should be conducted to prove their efficacy in the management of complicated wounds.
Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis with Progression to Brain Death Following Naegleria Fowleri Infection in a Teenage Female
Authors: Brener Samantha , Schaffner Stephen , Camelo Ingrid Y. , Samra Hasan , Mehta Renuka
Published: May 2024

Naegleria fowleri is a high-temperature freshwater-living amoeba that causes primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) by invading nasal epithelium. N. fowleri lives ubiquitously in high-temperature freshwater, but only around 400 cases of PAM have been published worldwide. The mortality rate is 98%. No treatment is 100% effective. A previously healthy 17-year-old female presented to an urgent care center with fever, headache, sore throat, ear pain, and dizziness. She had swum in freshwater 5 days prior. Her symptoms progressed to altered mental status, photo- and phonophobia, and neck stiffness. Within 4 days, she developed increased intracranial pressure (ICP) and eventually brain death. Two unsuccessful lumbar punctures were attempted before the third provided cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. Magnetic resonance imaging showed diffuse cerebral edema, effacement of basal cisterns, tonsillar herniation with diffuse loss of gray–white matter differentiation, leptomeningitis, bifrontal encephalitis with evolving frontal lobe cortical infarcts, and ventriculitis. She was treated with metronidazole, vancomycin, ceftriaxone, acyclovir, and doxycycline. Her increased ICP progressed to brain death, and she died 11 days after lake exposure. CSF PCR was reported positive for N. fowleri the day after her death. Despite advances in diagnostic testing for N. fowleri with PCR, mortality rate is high and current treatments are highly ineffective. This case highlights the importance of epidemiological exposure and considering PAM on the differential diagnosis. Although headache and fever are benign symptoms, they could also represent the first stages of a deadly disease and their progression should be addressed promptly.