bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Toward Wearable Sensors: Advances, Trends, and Challenges
Authors: He Tongyue , Chen Junxin , He Ben-Guo , Wang Wei , Zhu Zhi-Liang , Lv Zhihan
Published: May 2023

Sensors suitable for wearable devices have many special characteristics compared to other sensors, such as stability, sensitivity, sensor volume, biocompatibility, and so on. With the development of wearable technology, amazing wearable sensors have attracted a lot of attention, and some researchers have done a large number of technology explorations and reviews. However, previous surveys generally were concerned with a specified application and comprehensively reviewed the computing techniques for the signals required by this application, as well as how computing can promote data processing. There is a gap in the opposite direction, i.e., the fundamental data source actively stimulates application rather than from the application to the data, and computing promotes the acquisition of data rather than data processing. To fill this gap, starting with different parts of the body as the source of signal, the fundamental data sources that can be obtained and detected are explored by combining the three sensing principles, as well as discussing and analyzing the existing and potential applications of machine learning in simplifying sensor designs and the fabrication of sensors.
The athlete’s vein: venous adaptations in the lower limbs of endurance athletes
Authors: Thomas Kate N. , Akerman Ashley P. , Gibbons Travis D. , Campbell Holly A. , Cotter James D. , van Rij André M.
Published: May 2023

Although much literature exists describing adaptations to the heart and arteries in response to endurance exercise training, less is known about the effects on the venous system. Characteristics of “the athlete’s vein” described here include deep and perforator vein remodeling, improved drainage, and greater calf venous volume at rest and on calf muscle pump activation. Following exercise, athletes demonstrated prompt flow recovery and appropriate volume reductions, and veins beneficially adapt to better tolerate the demands of regular physical activity.
Knowledge Graph Construction of Chronic Kidney Disease Diagnosis and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine
Authors: Xie Jiadong , He Jiayi , Xia Ping , He Weiming , Huang Min , Fang Peipei , Hu Chenjun , Hu Kongfa
Published: May 2023

Background. The purpose of this study is to construct a knowledge graph of chronic kidney disease (CKD) diagnosis and treatment with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), reorganize its knowledge, and display it. It allows the inheritance, development, and utilization of CKD diagnosis and treatment experiences with TCM in a standard and scientific manner. Methods. First, we constructed a knowledge framework for TCM diagnosis and treatment on the basis of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, government projected textbook, and the current TCM diagnosis and treatment standards. Then, we collected and sorted the electronic medical records of TCM inpatients, extracting and normalizing the diagnoses, symptoms, syndromes, prescriptions, and other diagnosis and treatment information, creating the knowledge base of TCM diagnosis and treatment for CKD. Finally, we stored TCM diagnosis and treatment CKD knowledge in Neo4j graph database, which refers to the knowledge framework and knowledge base. The frequent patterns and complex network knowledge mining methods are integrated to construct the TCM diagnosis and treatment CKD knowledge graph. Results. The knowledge graph of CKD diagnosis and treatment with TCM was constructed, including 807 nodes and 10476 relationships, which are 273 diagnoses, 130 symptoms, 34 syndromes, 370 Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) nodes, and 5483 diagnosis‐symptom, 1349 diagnosis‐syndrome, 3644 syndrome‐CHM relationships. Conclusion. The knowledge graph provides rich knowledge of TCM diagnosis and treatment of CKD, which is helpful to inherit the clinical experience of TCM diagnosis and treatment of CKD and assist clinical diagnosis and treatment of CKD.
Pulegone Prevents Hypertension through Activation of Muscarinic Receptors and Cyclooxygenase Pathway in L-NAME-Induced Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Razzaq Muryam Abdul , Younis Waqas , Malik Muhammad Nasir Hayat , Alsahli Tariq G. , Alamgeer  , Jahan Shah , Ehsan Roma , Gasparotto Junior Arquimedes , Bashir Asifa
Published: May 2023

The current study was designed to determine pulegone’s antihypertensive and vasoprotective activity in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats. Firstly, the hypotensive dose-response relationship of pulegone was evaluated in normotensive anesthetized rats using the invasive method. Secondly, the mechanism involved in hypotensive activity was determined in the presence of pharmacological drugs such as atropine/muscarinic receptor blocker (1 mg/kg), L-NAME/NOS inhibitor (20 mg/kg), and indomethacin/COX inhibitor (5 mg/kg) in anesthetized rats. Furthermore, studies were carried out to assess the preventive effect of pulegone in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats. Hypertension was induced in rats by administering L-NAME (40 mg/kg) orally for 28 days. Rats were divided into six groups which were treated orally with tween 80 (placebo), captopril (10 mg/kg), and different doses of pulegone (20 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg, and 80 mg/kg). Blood pressure, urine volume, sodium, and body weight were monitored weekly. After 28 days, the effect of pulegone on lipid profile, hepatic markers, antioxidant enzymes, and nitric oxide was estimated from the serum of treated rats. Moreover, plasma mRNA expression of eNOS, ACE, ICAM1, and EDN1 was measured using real-time PCR. Results show that pulegone dose-dependently decreased blood pressure and heart rate in normotensive rats, with the highest effect at 30 mg/kg/i.v. The hypotensive effect of pulegone was reduced in the presence of atropine and indomethacin, whereas L-NAME did not change its hypotensive effect. Concurrent treatment with pulegone for four weeks in L-NAME-treated rats caused a reduction in both systolic blood pressure and heart rate, reversed the reduced levels of serum nitric oxide (NO), and ameliorated lipid profile and oxidative stress markers. Treatment with pulegone also improved the vascular response to acetylcholine. Plasma mRNA expression of eNOS was reduced, whereas ACE, ICAM1, and EDN1 levels were high in the L-NAME group, which was facilitated by pulegone treatment. To conclude, pulegone prevented L-NAME-induced hypertension by demonstrating a hypotensive effect through muscarinic receptors and cyclooxygenase pathway, indicating its use as a potential candidate in managing hypertension.
Kinetic Study of Zirconia-Alumina-Supported Ni-Fe Catalyst for Dry Reforming of Methane: Impact of Partial Pressure and Reaction Temperature
Authors: Al-Fatesh Ahmed , Acharya Kenit , Osman Ahmed I. , Almutairi Ghzzai , Fakeeha Anis Hamza , Abasaeed Ahmed Elhag , Al-Baqmaa Yousef A. , Kumar Rawesh
Published: May 2023

A better understanding of the reaction mechanism and kinetics of dry reforming of methane (DRM) remains challenging, necessitating additional research to develop robust catalytic systems with high catalytic performance, low cost, and high stability. Herein, we prepared a zirconia-alumina-supported Ni-Fe catalyst and used it for DRM. Different partial pressures and temperatures are used to test the dry reforming of methane reaction as a detailed kinetic study. The optimal reaction conditions for DRM catalysis are 800°C reaction temperature, 43.42 kPa CO2 partial pressure, and 57.9 kPa CH4 partial pressure. At these optimal reaction conditions, the catalyst shows a 0.436 kPa2 equilibrium constant, a 0.7725 

m
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l

C
H

4

/gCat/h rate of CH4 consumption, a 0.00651 

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o
l

C
H

4

/m2/h arial rate of CH4 consumption, a 1.6515 

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l

H

2

/gCat/h rate of H2 formation, a 1.4386 molCO/gCat/h rate of CO formation. This study’s findings will inspire the cost-effective production of robust catalytic systems and a better understanding of the DRM reaction’s kinetics.
Supplementary Data 3 from Uncoupling CD4+ TIL-Mediated Tumor Killing from JAK-Signaling in Melanoma
Authors: Draghi Arianna , Presti Mario , Jensen Agnete W.P. , Chamberlain Christopher A. , Albieri Benedetta , Rasmussen Anne-Christine K. , Andersen Mads H. , Crowther Michael D. , Svane Inge Marie , Donia Marco
Published: May 2023

CD4+ TILs can exert cytotoxicity against JAK1KO MHCIIConst+ tumors even in absence of IFNγ stimulation (TCL#17)
Data from Uncoupling CD4+ TIL-mediated tumor killing from JAK-signaling in melanoma
Authors: Draghi Arianna , Presti Mario , Jensen Agnete W.P. , Chamberlain Christopher A. , Albieri Benedetta , Rasmussen Anne-Christine K. , Andersen Mads H. , Crowther Michael D. , Svane Inge Marie , Donia Marco
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Impaired MHCI-presentation and insensitivity to immune effector molecules are common features of immune checkpoint blockade(ICB)-resistant tumors and can be respectively associated with loss of β2 microglobulin(B2M) or impaired IFNγ-signaling. Patients with ICB-resistant tumors can respond to alternative immunotherapies, such as infusion of autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes(TILs). CD4+ T cells can exert cytotoxic functions against tumor cells; however, it is unclear whether CD4+ T cell responses can be exploited to improve the clinical outcomes of patients affected by ICB-resistant tumors. Materials and methods: Here, we exploited CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing to reproduce immune-resistant tumor phenotypes via gene knockout(KO). To determine the role of cytotoxic CD4+ TILs in ICB-resistant tumors, we investigated CD4+ TIL-mediated cytotoxicity in matched pairs of TILs and autologous melanoma cell lines, used as a model of patient-specific immune-tumor interaction. Around 40% of melanomas constitutively express MHC Class II molecules; hence melanomas with or without natural constitutive MHC Class II expression(MHCIIconst+ or MHCIIconst-) were employed. Results: CD4+ TIL-mediated cytotoxicity was not affected by B2M loss but was dependent on the expression of CIITA. MHCIIconst+ melanomas were killed by tumor-specific CD4+ TILs even in the absence of IFNγ-mediated MHCII upregulation, whereas IFNγ was necessary for CD4+ TIL-mediated cytotoxicity against MHCIIconst- melanomas. Notably, while tumor-specific CD4+ TILs did not kill JAK1KO MHCIIconst- melanomas even post IFNγ stimulation, sensitivity toCD4+ TIL-mediated cytotoxicity was maintained by JAK1KO MHCIIconst+ melanomas. Conclusion: In conclusion, our data indicate that exploiting tumor-specific cytotoxic CD4+ TILs could help overcome resistance to ICB mediated by IFNγ-signaling loss in MHCIIconst+ melanomas.
Supplementary Tables from iBRIDGE: A Data Integration Method to Identify Inflamed Tumors from Single-cell RNA-Seq Data and Differentiate Cell Type–Specific Markers of Immune-Cell Infiltration
Authors: Turan Tolga , Kongpachith Sarah , Halliwill Kyle , McLaughlin Robert T. , Binnewies Mikhail , Reddy Dhemath , Zhao Xi , Mathew Rebecca , Ye Shiming , Jacob Howard J. , Samayoa Josue
Published: May 2023

Supplementary Tables S1-S16
Supplementary Methods File S1 from iBRIDGE: A Data Integration Method to Identify Inflamed Tumors from Single-cell RNA-Seq Data and Differentiate Cell Type–Specific Markers of Immune-Cell Infiltration
Authors: Turan Tolga , Kongpachith Sarah , Halliwill Kyle , McLaughlin Robert T. , Binnewies Mikhail , Reddy Dhemath , Zhao Xi , Mathew Rebecca , Ye Shiming , Jacob Howard J. , Samayoa Josue
Published: May 2023

Turan et. al Supplementary Methods File S1
Supplementary Figures from iBRIDGE: A Data Integration Method to Identify Inflamed Tumors from Single-cell RNA-Seq Data and Differentiate Cell Type–Specific Markers of Immune-Cell Infiltration
Authors: Turan Tolga , Kongpachith Sarah , Halliwill Kyle , McLaughlin Robert T. , Binnewies Mikhail , Reddy Dhemath , Zhao Xi , Mathew Rebecca , Ye Shiming , Jacob Howard J. , Samayoa Josue
Published: May 2023

Supplementary Figures S1-S6
Data from Targeting the IL1β Pathway for Cancer Immunotherapy Remodels the Tumor Microenvironment and Enhances Antitumor Immune Responses
Authors: Diwanji Rohan , O'Brien Neil A. , Choi Jiyoung E. , Nguyen Beverly , Laszewski Tyler , Grauel Angelo L. , Yan Zheng , Xu Xin , Wu Jincheng , Ruddy David A. , Piquet Michelle , Pelletier Marc R. , Savchenko Alexander , Charette LaSalette , Rodrik-Outmezguine Vanessa , Baum Jason , Millholland John M. , Wong Connie C. , Martin Anne-Marie , Dranoff Glenn , Pruteanu-Malinici Iulian , Cremasco Viviana , Sabatos-Peyton Catherine , Jayaraman Pushpa
Published: May 2023

Abstract
High levels of IL1β can result in chronic inflammation, which in turn can promote tumor growth and metastasis. Inhibition of IL1β could therefore be a promising therapeutic option in the treatment of cancer. Here, the effects of IL1β blockade induced by the mAbs canakinumab and gevokizumab were evaluated alone or in combination with docetaxel, anti–programmed cell death protein 1 (anti–PD-1), anti-VEGFα, and anti-TGFβ treatment in syngeneic and humanized mouse models of cancers of different origin. Canakinumab and gevokizumab did not show notable efficacy as single-agent therapies; however, IL1β blockade enhanced the effectiveness of docetaxel and anti–PD-1. Accompanying these effects, blockade of IL1β alone or in combination induced significant remodeling of the tumor microenvironment (TME), with decreased numbers of immune suppressive cells and increased tumor infiltration by dendritic cells (DC) and effector T cells. Further investigation revealed that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) were the cell type most affected by treatment with canakinumab or gevokizumab in terms of change in gene expression. IL1β inhibition drove phenotypic changes in CAF populations, particularly those with the ability to influence immune cell recruitment. These results suggest that the observed remodeling of the TME following IL1β blockade may stem from changes in CAF populations. Overall, the results presented here support the potential use of IL1β inhibition in cancer treatment. Further exploration in ongoing clinical studies will help identify the best combination partners for different cancer types, cancer stages, and lines of treatment.
Distinct Cortical Networks Subserve Spatio-temporal Sampling in Vision through Different Oscillatory Rhythms
Authors: Ronconi Luca , Balestrieri Elio , Baldauf Daniel , Melcher David
Published: May 2023

Although visual input arrives continuously, sensory information is segmented into (quasi-)discrete events. Here, we investigated the neural correlates of spatiotemporal binding in humans with magnetoencephalography using two tasks where separate flashes were presented on each trial but were perceived, in a bistable way, as either a single or two separate events. The first task (two-flash fusion) involved judging one versus two flashes, whereas the second task (apparent motion: AM) involved judging coherent motion versus two stationary flashes. Results indicate two different functional networks underlying two unique aspects of temporal binding. In two-flash fusion trials, involving an integration window of ∼50 msec, evoked responses differed as a function of perceptual interpretation by ∼25 msec after stimuli offset. Multivariate decoding of subjective perception based on prestimulus oscillatory phase was significant for alpha-band activity in the right medial temporal (V5/MT) area, with the strength of prestimulus connectivity between early visual areas and V5/MT being predictive of performance. In contrast, the longer integration window (∼130 msec) for AM showed evoked field differences only ∼250 msec after stimuli offset. Phase decoding of the perceptual outcome in AM trials was significant for theta-band activity in the right intraparietal sulcus. Prestimulus theta-band connectivity between V5/MT and intraparietal sulcus best predicted AM perceptual outcome. For both tasks, phase effects found could not be accounted by concomitant variations in power. These results show a strong relationship between specific spatiotemporal binding windows and specific oscillations, linked to the information flow between different areas of the where and when visual pathways.
STUDENT YOUTH CONCEPTUALIZATION OF SCIENTISTS’ WORK MOTIVATION: GENERAL AND SPECIAL ASPECTS
Authors: Prokhorova Maria V. , Savicheva Anastasia V.
Published: May 2023

Background. Th e research relevance is determined by the increasing importance of involving talented youth in science. Revealing the ideas of student youth about the hierarchical structure of motivation for scientifi c activity will help in identifying and creating favorable conditions for young people to build a scientifi c career. Objective. Th e purpose of the study is to reveal general and special aspects of student youth conceptualization of positive and negative motives of the scientifi c activity. Sample. Th e investigation involvedthe bachelor, specialist and master degree students (N = 721) from fi ve universities, located in the Republic of Crimea, Nizhny Novgorod, Samara and Yaroslavl regions of the Russian Federation. Methods. Th e authors designed ad hoc questionnaire permitting to acquire common information about the respondents, to elicit their readiness to develop a scientifi c career, to reveal their conceptualization of positive and negative motives of the scientifi c activity. To process the data obtained a set of tools was applied: descriptive statistics, Mann — Whitney non-parametric U criterion, correlation analysis, cluster analysis. Results. In the student youth conceptualization, positive and negative motives of the scientifi c activity are formed into a motivational complex, where intrinsic work motivation prevails, extrinsic negative motivation occupies a middle position, and extrinsic positive motivation takes the third place. According to the students’ representations, the dominant positive motive of the scientists’ work is generativity (p = 0,021*), and the negative one is poor work conditions (p = 0,000**). Conclusion. In the student youth conceptualization, intrinsic motivation of scientists prevails over extrinsic negative and extrinsic positive ones; both positive and negative scientists’ work motivation contain three substructures of motives, that are conditionally nominated as the most important, important and the least important ones; the most important positive and negative motives of the scientifi c activity are determined, in the fi rst place, by the needs for growth (self-realization, recognition, and esteem). Th e students, who are ready and not ready to follow a scientifi c career, imagine motivation of scientifi c activity in diff erent ways.
The Post-Cold War Promises of Third Party Military Interventions: Implications for Core Human and Political Rights
Authors: Postmus Tessa , Rrustemi Arlinda
Published: May 2023

Since the end of the Cold War, and especially since the adoption of the Responsibility to Protect doctrine, third party military interventions are only justified in cases of large-scale human rights violations. However, the number of military interventions did not decrease since 1989. A large-N study is done to measure the effect of third party military interventions since 1989 on core human right practices. It is argued that five years after an intervention takes place, there will be less physical harm to citizens. However, the effect on political rights appears to be diminishing. In addition, to contribute to the discussion as to who should intervene, an analysis about the intervener’s political system is included in this article. The results impose important questions and debates, both about the intentions and effects of foreign troops intervening in a conflict, as the conceptualization and cultural debate with regard to human rights violations.
The Taliban and Their Machiavellian Moment
Authors: Solhdoost Mohsen
Published: May 2023

The Taliban 2.0 have made overtures to states across different regions to seek international recognition. In a departure from their past isolationist foreign policy practices, I argue the Taliban have expediently, yet uncharacteristically, pursued these initiatives in a spirit of “ pragmatism.” The modus vivendi they have reached with Iran demonstrates the Taliban’s unprecedented prioritization of pragmatism over ideology. I draw upon Machiavellian pragmatism in International Relations theory to examine the shift in the Taliban’s political posture through the lens of Iran–Afghanistan relations in three crucial episodes: the Taliban’s rule over Afghanistan from 1996 to 2001, the post-9/11 Afghanistan, and the resurgence of the Taliban since August 2021.
The “Achilles Heel” of Established Brands: The Effect of Brand Age on Consumers’ Brand Choice
Authors: Kim Yaeeun , Srivastava Joydeep
Published: May 2023

Unlike previous research that suggests a predominant preference for older brands, this research takes a contingent perspective to examine how consumers’ preference for older brands is affected by their expectations of category innovativeness. Results from the analysis of sales data from Amazon and seven experimental studies demonstrate that consumers’ preference for older brands decreases with their expectations of category innovativeness. The rationale is that with expectations of category innovativeness, consumers place less importance on consistency-related brand traits (e.g., stability, reliability) and more on excitement-related brand traits (e.g., dynamic, adventurous). Because older brands are associated with consistency, preference for older brands diminishes with expectations of category innovativeness. Further, this research identifies two factors that moderate the effects of category innovativeness on preference for older (vs. younger) brands. First, familiarity with the older brand moderates the effect of category innovativeness on brand preferences such that category innovativeness increases preferences for younger brands only when consumers are choosing between unfamiliar brands. Second, consumers’ need for uniqueness reduces the effect of category innovativeness on preferences for younger brands. Together, the findings suggest that the dominance of older brands reduces with expectations of category innovativeness. The findings are important from both theoretical and managerial perspectives.
Decompositionalization and Partial Recompositionalization: The Emergence of by the Same Token as a Polyfunctional Discourse Marker
Authors: Pinson Mathilde
Published: May 2023

This paper documents the constructionalization of by the same token. Originally, the word same in this phrase did not encode similarity but functioned as an identification emphasizer and a marker of syntactic dependency between the evidential noun token and the clause that followed it. By the same token then acted as a complex subordinator introducing a justification. The data suggest that two non-compositional uses developed from the evidential subordinator during the seventeenth century: a digressive discourse marker and a subordinator combining high degree and consequence. Faced with polysemy and lack of transparency, speakers/hearers then reintroduced some compositionality to the phrase by assigning to same the meaning of similarity that it had elsewhere. From this partial recompositionalization stems today’s elaborative discourse marker. Originally used to connect two consequences of the same premise, it then extended its connective value. It is now polyfunctional and is even often used to connect two contrasting statements. There are signs that it is now often treated by speakers as a member of a constructional network of adversative discourse markers.
“Reject the Offer”: The Asymmetric Impact of Defense Attorneys’ Plea Recommendations
Authors: Henderson Kelsey S. , Sutherland Kelly T. , Wilford Miko M.
Published: May 2023

In two studies, we examined the impact of defense attorney recommendation on defendant plea decision-making. Community members and college students participated in a 2 (guilt status: innocent or guilty) × 2 (defense attorney recommendation: accept or reject offer) between-subjects factorial design study. The plea scenario was conveyed via an interactive computer simulation. In both studies (Study 1, n = 106; Study 2, n = 282), guilty participants were more likely to plead guilty than innocent participants. In Study 2, participants advised to accept the plea were more likely to plead guilty than those advised to reject the plea. Furthermore, being advised to reject the plea resulted in larger changes in willingness to accept a plea (WTAP) than being advised to accept the plea. This asymmetric effect was driven by those participants who were initially inclined to plead guilty but then received advice inconsistent with that inclination.
Social Equity and Clientele Participation: A Cross-National Study of Immigrant Education
Authors: Song Miyeon , An Seung-Ho , Meier Kenneth J.
Published: May 2023

How public participation shapes effective and equitable service outcomes has been extensively discussed but rarely tested in the public administration literature. This article examines how parent participation in schools affects overall student performance and whether socially marginalized students benefit more or less when schools involve greater participation. Using a 63-country cross-national educational dataset, we show that parent involvement in school activities is not significantly related to overall student performance, but such efforts reduce the performance gap between immigrant and native-born students. This finding suggests that direct participation can reduce social disparities in program outcomes.
Stability analysis of discrete-time time-varying stochastic systems with infinite Markov switching
Authors: Ye Zhiyong , Zhao Hongxia , Yan Fang , He Xin , Xu Anjian
Published: May 2023

This paper studies the stability of discrete-time time-varying stochastic systems with infinite Markov switching. First, the concepts of strongly exponentially stable in mean square and exponentially stable in mean square with conditions are introduced, and their equivalent conditions are given by operator theory and stochastic analysis. Second, we introduce the Lyapunov equation related to strongly exponentially stable in mean square. Third, as an application of the proposed Lyapunov stability criterion, the relationship between the internal stability and the [Formula: see text] input–output state stability is derived for the infinite Markov jump system disturbed by finite-energy random disturbance. Finally, an example is given to verify its correctness and validity.
Who Gets Identified? The Consequences of Variability in Teacher Ratings and Combination Rules for Determining Eligibility for Gifted Services for Young Children
Authors: Rambo-Hernandez Karen E. , Brigandi Carla , Amin Syahrul , Spillane Nancy
Published: May 2023

This study illustrates the consequences of accounting for or ignoring teacher variability in student ratings in conjunction with combination rules when identifying students for gifted services in one rural primary school. Teachers ( n = 16) rated 282 first-- and second grade students on creativity, motivation, mathematics, and science. Results indicated the most variability in how teachers used the science scale and the least variability in the mathematics scales. Further, teachers rated female students higher than male students in motivation, but not on any other scale. More students were identified if the top students were identified in each class versus the top students in each grade level, and largely, the students who were identified within their classrooms were not the same students who were identified within their grade level. And as expected, OR rules resulted in the highest number of students identified. Implications and recommendations are discussed.
Rare presentation of gallbladder schistosomiasis: a case report
Authors: Mahli Yahia , Aldamegh Mohammed S , Aljohani Moath
Published: May 2023

Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease that is widely considered a neglected tropical disease. It is ranked first after malaria among all parasitic diseases. The major forms of schistosomiasis are intestinal and urogenital; however, gallbladder involvement is rare and usually accompanied by imaging findings similar to those of acute cholecystitis, such as wall thickening or pericholecystic inflammation. We encountered a patient who did not show these typical imaging findings. A man in his late 40s presented to the emergency department with a 2-month history of abdominal distention. His initial laboratory examination showed iron deficiency anemia. Computed tomography revealed a mildly distended gallbladder with septations and a small calcified gallstone. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed for better characterization, and it showed gallbladder stones with multiseptated, cystic gallbladder mural lesions and no wall thickening or pericholecystic fluid. On his second visit, the patient complained of mild epigastric pain. A provisional diagnosis of cholecystitis was considered, and laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed. Histopathological evaluation revealed a gallbladder wall with multiple foci of chronic granulomatous inflammation. Schistosoma-like ova were observed in the mucosa and submucosa and were consistent with schistosomiasis. Periodic acid–Schiff staining of the ova was positive. The patient’s postoperative course was uneventful.
Winter Storm Uri Reduced Availability of Daily Direct-Care Nurse Staff in Texas Nursing Homes
Authors: Jester Dylan J. , Peterson Lindsay J. , Andel Ross , Dosa David M.
Published: May 2023

We examined the effect of Winter Storm Uri on daily direct-care nurse staffing levels in 1,173 Texas nursing homes (NHs) from February 13th to 19th, 2021. We used data from Payroll-Based Journaling and the Care Compare website. Linear mixed effects models were used to estimate the linear and non-linear change in staffing. During Winter Storm Uri, Texas NHs experienced a linear decrease in daily staffing levels with subsequent non-linear increase for registered nurses (RNs; p < .001) and certified nursing assistants (CNAs; p < .001), and staffing increased linearly for licensed practical nurses (LPNs; p < .001). Compared to 1 week before the storm, Texas NHs reported lower staffing levels across all three types of staff, but most dramatically among LPNs and CNAs. In supplemental analyses, urban and lower quality NHs fared slightly poorer than rural and higher-quality NHs. Winter storms pose a particular challenge to NHs and their ability to maintain direct-care nurse staffing levels.
Disability policies, transnationalism and policy diffusion: ‘Asocial’ models of inclusion for children and youth in low and middle-income countries (LMICs)
Authors: Nakray Keerty
Published: May 2023

This paper examines the advances made by low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in the inclusion of children with disabilities and youth within mainstream policies on education, employment, health, and social care provisions and the implications on their outcomes. Theoretically, this paper advances critical disability studies and addresses stigma and discrimination as barriers to progressive social policies. It also critically examines the diffusion of the social model of disability, which finds expression in the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). Methodologically, this paper uses latent class analysis (LCA) to analyse clusters of LMICs, regarding the adoption of social-legal provisions as stipulated by the CRPD. Finally, the paper concludes with a paradigm shift within the sociology of disability towards a sociology of enablement within the fold of emancipatory politics that addresses stigma and discrimination.
The Two-Bag Method for Management of Adult Diabetic Ketoacidosis—Experience With 634 Patients
Authors: Haas Nathan L , Sell Jordan , Cranford James A , Korley Frederick K , Bassin Benjamin S
Published: May 2023

Purpose

To compare key resource utilization and safety outcomes of adult emergency department (ED) patients in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) managed via the Two-Bag or traditional One-Bag method.

Materials and Methods

This is a retrospective review at an academic medical center ED. Patients were included if >18 years, met diagnostic criteria for DKA (pH ≤ 7.30, bicarbonate ≤ 18 mmol/L, anion gap ≥ 10), and were managed via a standardized order set (either Two-Bag or One-Bag Method). Comparisons used independent-groups t-tests for continuous variables and χ2 tests for binary variables.

Results

We identified 634 patients with DKA managed via the Two-Bag method, and 107 managed via the One-Bag method. Cohorts were similar in demographics and presenting laboratories. The Two-Bag Method was associated with 8.1 h shorter to first bicarbonate >18 mmol/L (11.9 vs 20.0, P < .001), and 24 fewer IV fluid bags (5.3 vs 29.7, P < .001). Incidence of hypokalemia (potassium <3.0 mmol/L) was 53% lower in the Two-Bag cohort (6.6 vs 14.0%, P = .03); incidence of hypoglycemia (glucose <70 mg/dL) was 5.8 versus 10.3%, P = .16.

Conclusions

For adult ED patients in DKA, the Two-Bag Method was associated with faster resolution of acidosis, fewer IV fluid bags charged, lower incidence of hypokalemia, and trend toward lower incidence of hypoglycemia compared to the One-Bag Method.
Understanding Location and Density: A Spatial Analysis of Cuyahoga County Ohio’s Nonprofit Sector
Authors: Mayer Duncan J.
Published: May 2023

Theories of density dependence emphasize the role of competition and legitimation in organizational life. However, agglomerative configurations and ecological processes vary substantially over space, resulting in heterogeneous sub-populations which organizations select into by choosing locations. Using geostatistical data constructed from form-990 submissions and the American Community Survey, this article studies the role of location and density in the operations of nonprofits using generalized additive models. After controlling for organizational and neighborhood features, the results show substantial variation in the effect of location on total and contributed revenue. Nonprofit density is positively associated with the location effects across a range of distances. The results suggest organizations benefit greatly from locating in high-density regions and may be most sensitive to variation in density in their immediate proximity. The study emphasizes location dependence through the importance of location and the intra-county distribution of nonprofits.
Temperature field model of limited slip clutch based on dynamic heat flux partition characteristics
Authors: Jin Jiaxi , Yang Shujun , Peng Zengxiong , Li Xueliang , Pan Hui , Lian Zhuang , Yi Haidi
Published: May 2023

The interaxle torque distribution of off-road vehicle is interfered with temperature field variation of limited slip clutch during long-time sliding, which is controlled by actual heat flux input. The equivalent heat dissipation model is created based on the suggested calculation method of convective heat transfer equivalent coefficient in various lubrication phases. Further, thermal equilibrium equations of friction pair nodes are solved to produce the temperature field calculation model of dynamic heat flux partition. A clutch sliding bench is set up to verify and analyze the effect of heat flux partition on temperature field by organizing different operating conditions. The results demonstrate that the temperature difference of contact surface calculated by the constant heat flux partition model increases significantly along with sliding time and heat flux. In addition, the deviations of temperature rising rate at stage A and average temperature at stage B of separator plate higher than the experimental result also increases. On the contrary, the decrease value of actual input heat flux of separator plate from initial to steady state gradually increases with the increase of relative speed difference in dynamic heat flux partition model. The calculation deviations of temperature rising rate and average temperature are less than 0.1°C/s and 3°C, respectively. This model offers a novel approach for calculating clutch temperature field.
On the combined estimation of the parameters and the states of fractional-order systems
Authors: Marzougui Soumaya , Bedoui Saïda , Abderrahim Kamel
Published: May 2023

In this article, we propose an approach for system identification for a class of discrete-time fractional-order Hammerstein systems using only input–output data. Using a combined state and parameter estimation approach, we develop an algorithm serving to estimate simultaneously, the system parameters, the system orders, and the system states. By minimizing the defining criterion, which is non-convex and nonlinear in the parameters, the model parameters are estimated using the recursive least squares and the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithms. Next, the system states are estimated using the Luenberger observer. Then, the convergence analysis of the proposed algorithm is proved. Finally, the Monte Carlo simulation analysis and an application to Ultracapacitor system are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the suggested method.
Patterns of Immunoreactivity with TTF-1 Antibodies 8G7G3/1 and SPT24 Suggest Distinct Immunoprofiles Between Most Pulmonary and Nonpulmonary Small Cell Carcinomas
Authors: Briski Laurence M. , Aron Manju , Epstein Jonathan I. , Russell Daniel H. , Assarzadegan Naziheh , Delma Katiana S. , O’Dell Henry , Rodriguez Estelamari , Montgomery Elizabeth A. , Kryvenko Oleksandr N.
Published: May 2023

Introduction. Small cell carcinoma can arise from various sites. Herein, we analyze the ability of 2 thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) antibodies (SPT24 and 8G7G3/1) to separate pulmonary from nonpulmonary small cell carcinoma. Materials and Methods. We analyzed 26 pulmonary and 83 nonpulmonary small cell carcinomas, and 14 Merkel cell carcinomas. Each tumor was stained with SPT24 and 8G7G3/1. Extent of nuclear staining was scored as diffuse (>50%), focal (11%-50%), rare (1%-10%), or negative (<1%). Results. All pulmonary small cell carcinomas were positive for SPT24 and 8G7G3/1. Four Merkel cell carcinomas (29%) were positive for SPT24 (ranging from rare-to-diffuse), while 2 (14%) showed rare expression with 8G7G3/1. For nonpulmonary small cell carcinomas, 69 (83%) were positive for SPT24 and 40 (48%) were positive for 8G7G3/1. For SPT24 positive tumors, the extent of 8G7G3/1 expression was equal in 17 (25%) and less in 52 tumors (75%), including 29 (42%) that were negative for 8G7G3/1. No nonpulmonary small cell carcinoma had more staining with 8G7G3/1 compared to SPT24. The differences in staining between 8G7G3/1 and SPT24 in the nonpulmonary cohort were statistically significant ( P < 0.0001) with no significant difference between primary and metastatic lesions for 8G7G3/1 ( P  =  0.66) or SPT24 ( P  =  0.77). Conclusion. Most pulmonary small cell carcinomas are diffusely positive for both SPT24 and 8G7G3/1, whereas most nonpulmonary small cell carcinomas exhibit focal-to-no staining with 8G7G3/1 and significantly less staining with 8G7G3/1 compared to SPT24. However, these trends are not absolute and should be interpreted in conjunction with clinical and radiological findings.
“Obviously It's for the Victim to Decide”: Restorative Justice for Sexual and Family Violence From the Perspective of Second-Wave Anti-Rape Activists
Authors: Gang Daye , Kirkman Maggie , Loff Bebe
Published: May 2023

While the appropriateness of restorative justice for sexual and family violence continues to experience worldwide feminist debate, these programs already exist. We thematically analyzed the transcripts of former members of a second-wave feminist antirape organization in Australia to ascertain their perspectives on a victim-centered conferencing model. They provided informed and valuable insights drawn from their decades of advocacy. Participants supported restorative justice in principle, stressing respect for victims’ agency and independence in all policies and program designs. Their reservations, consistent with concerns in the literature, related to meeting victims’ needs within a constrained system rather than principled opposition to the concept.
Bifocal Intracanial Rosai-Dorfman Disease Mimicking Lymphoplasmacyte-Rich Meningioma: Diagnostic Pitfalls About a Case Report
Authors: Ouazzani Hafsa El , Touarsa Firdaous , Iraqui Houssaini Zaynab , Hakkou Mahdi , Elouadghiri Mohammed Yasaad , Ouhabi Abdessamad , Jiddane Mohamed , Zouaidia Fouad , Cherradi Nadia
Published: May 2023

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a clonal histiocytic proliferation characterized by large S100 positive histiocytes with variable emperipolesis. Extranodal locations were confirmed with the central nervous system or the meninges involvement in less than 5% of cases, which is marked as a significant differential diagnosis of meningiomas in radiological and intra-operative pathological examination. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry are the keys to definitive diagnosis. We present a case of bifocal Rosai-Dorfman disease in a 26-year-old man, mimicking Lymphoplasmacyte-rich Meningioma. This case allows us to demonstrate the diagnosis pitfalls encountered in this localization.
An Anti-racism Curriculum for Inclusive Teaching and Learning
Authors: Byrd Marilyn Y. , Scott Chaunda L.
Published: May 2023

Problem

The field of human resource development (HRD) is recognized for its contributions to the body of literature on learning and performance. However, the lack of literature on problems emanating from the social systems (e. g. racism, sexism, ageism, sexual orientation, disability, to name a few) that create a barrier for optimal learning and performance is troubling. In this article, racism is called out as an enduring and pervasive social injustice that has become normalized and encompasses the whole of society as well as those spaces that are frequently occupied each day. Nonetheless the ideology of racism is egregious and continues to threaten individual well-being, dignity, and simply put, rights as a human being. As a program within numerous departments of higher education, the lack of literature that addresses racism and subsequently provide resources for educators is problematic. While it is understood that HRD is an interdisciplinary field that draws from multiple bodies of literature, the lack of contributions from HRD researchers, scholars, and practitioners on a topic that counteracts learning and performance is a problem.

Solution

HRD is uniquely positioned as a field of practice with an affiliate in higher education. HRD researchers and scholars are often instructors in HRD educational programs. This unique position can hugely impact what is learned and therefore what is practiced in the workplace. We propose a framework for an anti-racism curriculum in HRD educational programs that teaches students, the future workforce, how to recognize and disrupt racism and contribute to building workplaces that are equitable, fair, and psychologically safe. We use critical theory as a conceptual framework for an anti-racism curriculum that teaches students about the continued and pervasive system of racism.
An Implementation of a Community-Engaged, Group-Level Mental Health Pilot for Black and Latina Transgender Women
Authors: Thompson Hale M. , Feasley Ketzel , Ortiz Reyna , Reyes Karen , Seanior Amanda , Karnik Niranjan S.
Published: May 2023

The primary aim is to assess the implementation of an eight-session, group therapy pilot for Black and Latina transgender women in Chicago in terms of implementation outcomes regarding intervention effectiveness, acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility. The Exploration Preparation Implementation Sustainment (EPIS) framework guided implementation processes, including community engagement as an implementation strategy, and an implementation taxonomy was used to evaluate outcomes of acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility, in addition to intervention effectiveness regarding anxiety and community connectedness. Two rounds of the pilot were completed in 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, at a community-based organization serving LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer/questioning) youth on Chicago’s West Side. Participants ( N = 14) completed a baseline and postintervention assessment and evaluations after each of eight intervention modules. Descriptive statistics show improvement across measures of anxiety and community connectedness, and high mean scores across domains of acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility. Pilot findings indicate intervention effectiveness, acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility to address mental health and social support of Black and Latina transgender women. Additional resources are needed for transgender community-engaged mental health programs and research to establish core and adaptable intervention elements, scaled-up evidence for clinical effectiveness, and, most importantly, to improve mental health outcomes and the sustainability of such interventions.
The digital rise and its economic implications for China through the Digital Silk Road under the Belt and Road Initiative
Authors: Hussain Fakhar , Hussain Zakar , Khan Muhammad Ikramullah , Imran Ali
Published: May 2023

This research, based on a review of secondary information, explores how the government of China and the country's leading technological enterprises are working together to develop infrastructure for next-generation digital technologies, e.g. artificial intelligence, cloud computing, quantum computing, 5G networks, navigation satellites, and fiber optic cables; to establish technical norms and standards; and to provide services and digital content, e.g. digital messaging applications, mobile payment systems, and e-commerce platforms, to emergent markets; as well as how digital corporate giants of China like Alibaba, Huawei, Baidu, ZTE, China Telecom, China Mobile, China Unicom, and Tencent have been challenging the prevailing status quo. Beijing seeks to assert its dominant role in world affairs through the Digital Silk Road (DSR) to globally influence and control a sizable part of the digital economy. The DSR has significant potential for enhancement of digital interdependence with the underdeveloped and some advanced economies by bridging the gap created by the absence of a critical infrastructure of global digital technology. There is no viable competitor to the DSR's exciting and long-term vision of a globally connected digital future for facilitating mutual growth and collaboration that will ultimately push for a dependency of other countries on DSR under the Belt and Road Initiative.