bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-dimensional order parameters and neural network classifiers applied to amorphous ices
Authors: Faure Beaulieu Zoé , Deringer Volker L. , Martelli Fausto
Published: February 2024

Amorphous ice phases are key constituents of water’s complex structural landscape. This study investigates the polyamorphic nature of water, focusing on the complexities within low-density amorphous ice (LDA), high-density amorphous ice, and the recently discovered medium-density amorphous ice (MDA). We use rotationally invariant, high-dimensional order parameters to capture a wide spectrum of local symmetries for the characterization of local oxygen environments. We train a neural network to classify these local environments and investigate the distinctiveness of MDA within the structural landscape of amorphous ice. Our results highlight the difficulty in accurately differentiating MDA from LDA due to structural similarities. Beyond water, our methodology can be applied to investigate the structural properties and phases of disordered materials.
Background experiment of the low energy x-ray telescope detectors on insight-HXMT
Authors: Li Wei , Lu Jingbin , Yang Yanji , Zhang Yifan , Cui Weiwei , Wang Juan , Chen Yong
Published: February 2024

The low energy x-ray telescope (LE) is one of the main instruments of the insight-hard x-ray modulation telescope, the first x-ray astronomical satellite of China. The scientific objectives of the LE focus on the scanning and pointed observations of the x-ray sources in the soft x-ray band (1–13 keV). In order to complete the observation tasks and accurately analyze the background information of the LE, it is essential to obtain the background data of the detectors. Therefore, we designed an LE background experiment. The experiment began with an underground background experiment in the China Jinping Underground Laboratory with a rock of a thickness of 2400 m, followed by a ground background experiment. These two experiments lasted for a long time, and through comparison and analysis of the background data, it was found that underground laboratories significantly shielded cosmic rays. In addition, the background of detectors in the underground experiment was more than one order of magnitude lower than that in the ground experiment. The experiments also revealed multiple x-ray fluorescence peaks of various elements in the background, including silicon from the detector itself, erbium in the ceramic substrate, and copper in the mounting plate. The anti-coincidence design of detectors was observed to reduce the x-ray fluorescence peaks of silicon. By comparing the background flux obtained with the background flux in the orbit, it was found that the background generated by radioactive substances inside the LE detector is very low. Within the energy range of less than 7.5 keV, the flux in the orbit is about 0.012 counts/s/keV, the ground flux is ∼3 × 10−3 counts/s/keV, and the underground flux is about 1.5 × 10−4 counts/s/keV. However, the flux in the orbit significantly increases above 7.5 keV, which does not occur in both the ground and underground background experiments. These results provide reference and guidance for scientific teams and instrument teams to analyze the data of the low energy x-ray telescope.
Access to primary eye care for people living with dementia: a call to action for primary care practitioners to ‘think vision’
Authors: Piano Marianne , Nguyen Bao , Hui Flora , Pond Constance Dimity
Published: February 2024

Access to allied health services offers significant benefits for people living with dementia, yet access is currently fragmented and inconsistent. The 2023–2024 budget allocated AU$445 million to further enable general practice-led, multidisciplinary teams, with integrated care located within practices, including employment of allied health professionals. Such team care models are recognised by The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners as vital to delivery of high-quality care for older adults. They are especially relevant for over 250,000 Australians who live with dementia in the community. However, not all allied health professionals are currently based within general practices. Future, sustainable general practice-led models of multidisciplinary care that connect patients with external allied health providers could be considered for a comprehensive and collaborative approach to care. Our focus is on people living with dementia, who are at greater risk of preventable vision impairment. Poor vision and/or ocular health can be detected and managed through regular eye examinations, which are predominantly delivered by community-based optometrists in Australia, in a primary care capacity. However, people living with dementia are also less likely to have regular eye examinations. In this paper, we highlight the value of ensuring access to primary eye care services as part of post-diagnosis dementia care. We illustrate the important role of primary care practitioners in building and sustaining connections with allied health professions, like optometry, through effective referral and interprofessional communication systems. This can help break down access barriers to dementia-friendly eye care, through promoting the importance of regular eye tests for people living with dementia.
Tarantino’s eloquent villains
Authors: Schubert Christoph
Published: February 2024

Suspense as an aesthetic effect is a key narrative strategy of thriller movies, serving the function of
entertainment for wide audiences. As the plot unfolds, arcs of suspense rely on triggering an appealing sense of anticipation that
calls for a resolution. The present study examines the creation of suspense throughout fictional dialogue in Quentin Tarantino’s
popular feature films Pulp Fiction (1994), Inglourious
Basterds (2009), and Django Unchained (2012). In these movies, dialogic interaction is often dominated by eloquent villains who
skilfully flout the conversational maxims of Grice’s cooperative principle, thereby exercising verbal power over other
interlocutors. As is demonstrated in a qualitative pragma-stylistic framework, the villains’ discursive strategies amount to
stylistic deviation resulting in suspenseful implicatures. In particular, suspense is commonly caused by digressing from current
topics, by giving too little information or too many details, by being insincere or ironic, and by making equivocal or redundant
statements.
Brogues and Blarney
Authors: Walshe Shane
Published: February 2024

From the earliest days, Irish characters have played a prominent role in American comics. The hero of Hogan’s Alley, the first American comic strip to feature a speech balloon, was an Irish child named Mickey Dugan, a.k.a. “The Yellow Kid”. Likewise, the star of Happy Hooligan, the first US comic strip to employ speech balloons on a regular basis, was Irish. Thus, not only are Irish characters important in the early history of American comics, their speech is too. The way that this was represented resembled existing portrayals in pop culture, involving respellings, non-standard grammar and lexical items deemed typical of the variety. While some of these continued to index Irishness in comics, others also emerged. Building on previous research, this study examines a corpus of American comics from numerous genres and publishing houses to offer the most comprehensive overview yet of Irish speech in the medium.
How to Coadd Images. II. Anti-aliasing and PSF Deconvolution
Authors: Wang Lei , Shan Huanyuan , Nie Lin , Liu Dezi , Yan Zhaojun , Li Guoliang , Cheng Cheng , Xie Yushan , Qu Han , Zheng Wenwen , Kang Xi
Published: February 2024

We have developed a novel method for co-adding multiple under-sampled images that combines the iteratively reweighted least squares and divide-and-conquer algorithms. Our approach not only allows for the anti-aliasing of the images but also enables Point-Spread Function (PSF) deconvolution, resulting in enhanced restoration of extended sources, the highest peak signal-to-noise ratio, and reduced ringing artefacts. To test our method, we conducted numerical simulations that replicated observation runs of the China Space Station Telescope/ the VLT Survey Telescope (VST) and compared our results to those obtained using previous algorithms. The simulation showed that our method outperforms previous approaches in several ways, such as restoring the profile of extended sources and minimizing ringing artefacts. Additionally, because our method relies on the inherent advantages of least squares fitting, it is more versatile and does not depend on the local uniformity hypothesis for the PSF. However, the new method consumes much more computation than the other approaches.
Investigation of anti-adhesion ability of 8-arm PEGNHS-modified porcine pericardium
Authors: Say Sreypich , Suzuki Mika , Hashimoto Yoshihide , Kimura Tsuyoshi , Kishida Akio
Published: February 2024

In post-adhesion surgery, there is a clinical need for anti-adhesion membranes specifically designed for the liver, given the limited efficacy of current commercial products. To address this demand, we present a membrane suitable for liver surgery applications, fabricated through the modification of decellularized porcine pericardium with 20 KDa hexaglycerol octa (succinimidyloxyglutaryl) polyoxyethylene (8-arm PEGNHS). We also developed an optimized modification procedure to produce a high-performance anti-adhesion barrier. The modified membrane significantly inhibited fibroblast cell adherence while maintaining minimal levels of inflammation. By optimizing the modification ratio, we successfully controlled post-adhesion formation. Notably, the 8-arm PEG-modified pericardium with a molar ratio of 5 exhibited the ability to effectively prevent post-adhesion formation on the liver compared to both the control and Seprafilm®, with a low adhesion score of 0.5 out of 3.0. Histological analysis further confirmed its potential for easy separation. Furthermore, the membrane demonstrated regenerative capabilities, as evidenced by the proliferation of mesothelial cells on its surface, endowing anti-adhesion properties between the abdominal wall and liver. These findings highlight the membrane’s potential as a reliable barrier for repeated liver resection procedures that require the removal of the membrane multiple times.
Divergent features of the upper-tropospheric carbonaceous aerosol layer: effects of atmospheric dynamics and pollution emissions in Asia, South America, and Africa
Authors: Wu Dongyou , Yan Shirui , Zhang Jinxia , Chen Yang , Xing Yuxuan , Cui Jiecan , Wang Xin , Liu Jun , Pu Wei
Published: February 2024

The upper-tropospheric carbonaceous aerosol layer (TCAL) represents the increase of aerosols in the upper-troposphere. It was first discovered over Asia but was found in this study to also occur over South America and Africa. The TCALs over three regions typically exist during the strong deep convection season, with the Asian, South American, and African TCALs showing peak intensity during July–August, October–December, and November–December, respectively. Over Asia, the TCAL has the highest altitude and widest spread due to strongest deep convection and upper-troposphere anticyclonic system. TCAL intensity is highest in South America maybe due to heaviest pollutant emissions. Anthropogenic pollution from India and western China produces two Asian TCAL centers, whereas widespread wildfires result in single centers over South America and Africa. TCAL radiative effect at the top of the atmosphere has warming effects over Asia (+0.23 W m−2), whereas cooling effects perform over South America (−0.54 W m−2) and Africa (−0.20 W m−2) owing to its altitude and the divergent strengths of black-carbon absorption and organic-carbon scattering.
Identification of maize genotypes tolerance to acid soil stress using multiple criteria
Authors: Priyanto S B , Suriani  , Zainuddin B , Efendi R , Azrai M
Published: February 2024

This study aims to select maize hybrids that can tolerate acidic soil stress using several tolerance indexes. The research took place at two sites. Muneng Experimental Farm has average soil (pH=6.8), and Moncongloe Experimental Farm has acid soil (pH=5.8) from January to April 2023. A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was employed to organize ten maize hybrids, namely TH 1, TH 2, TH 3, TH 4, TH 5, TH 6, TH 7, TH 8, NK 6172, and P 32, each replicated three times. The variable observation was yield, standardized to 15% moisture content. To determine the tolerance of maize, six tolerance indexes were applied: The Stress Tolerant Index (STI), the Stress Susceptibility Index, the Mean Productivity (MP), the Harmonic Mean, the Stress Relative index (SI), and the Stress Susceptibility Percentage Index (SSPI). The result showed that hybrids that tolerate acidic soil are TH 1 and TH 2, as indicated by their average rating and standard deviation. In contrast, TH 5 and TH 7 hybrids are sensitive to acidic soil conditions. The STI and MP are suitable tolerant indexes that can select acid-tolerant hybrids with high yields under optimum and acidic conditions.
Resistance of genotypes of arabica coffee against rust on leaf of coffee plant in different locations in Province of North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Malau S , Sihotang M R
Published: February 2024

The most important disease in many coffee production countries is rust on the leaf of coffee plant (RLCP). RLCP epidemics indicated by severity and incidence depend on the host, location and the fungi. The purpose of this research was to study the resistance of genotypes of Arabica coffee against RLCP in different locations. A field experiment with seven genotypes of Arabica coffee in four locations in Province of North Sumatra of Indonesia was carried out using a randomized complete block design with three replications. This research revealed a significant interaction between the genotype and the location on incidence of rust on branch (IRB), incidence of rust on leaf (IRL) and severity of leaf due to rust (SLR). For IRB and IRL, the role of the location was more important than the role of the genotype. For SRL, the role of the interaction was more important than the role of the genotype and the location. Genotype GN-5 had the lowest SRL. Location-3 was not conducive to the growth and development of the fungus H. vastatrix. Pathogen races were very likely to differ between locations. Based on SRL, these pathogens were not aggressive in all locations.
Cytotoxicity Assay of Biosynthesized Gold Nanoparticles for Synephrine Extracted from Citrus Sinesins Peels
Authors: Jadou A S , Al-Bahrani R
Published: February 2024

In this study synephrine extracted from C. sinesins peels. Detected by TLC, HPLC and biosynthesized gold nanoparticles from it, then characterization of synthesize of gold nanoparticles (AuNps) by UV-visible spectroscopy Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), which confirm presence of AuNps in diameter size range to (9-31) nm and determined their toxicity assay on lymphoid human cell in 24, 48 and 72 hours. The finding obtained from applying gold nanoparticles at different concentrations for 24, 48, and 72 hours showed that’s the least cytotoxicity value was in 2.351 in 10 mg/ml for Citrus sinensis extract in 24 hours. which gave indicate that synephrine extracted have not toxic effect inhibition rate of this maximum 5.511 in AuNp biosynthesized in 20 mg/ml concentration in 72 hours.
Direct seeding of Ceiba pentandra and Leucaena leucocephala using seed briquette with AMF and DSE inoculations to support a green economy
Authors: Widyani N , Surono  , Sudrajat D J , Rustam E , Nurhasybi  , Putri K P , Yuskianti V
Published: February 2024

This research is an alternative technology to support a green economy for environmental sustainability. This paper was performed to reveal the relation between seed briquettes inoculated with the fungi of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AMF) and dark septate endophytes (DSE) in direct seeding ofC. pentandraandL. leucocephalaseedlings on marginal land in Parungpanjang, Bogor, Indonesia. A randomized block design was used in this research with three blocks and found that seed briquettes with AMF and DSE inoculated have significantly influenced the survival of seedlings of both species 12 months after planting. Direct sowing with seed briquette inoculated with AMF (48%) produced the highest seedling survival inC. pentandra, followed by seed briquette injected withDendrothyriumsp. CPP1.1.4 (44.5%) inL. leucocephala. InC. pentandraandL. leucocephala, seed briquettes increased seedling survival compared to direct sowing without briquettes. Seedling growth was considerably impacted by AMF and DSE inoculations inL. leucocephalabut not inC. pentandra. AMF and DSE can improve the height and diameter of direct-seededL. leucocephalaseedlings. Our research found that using seed briquettes and applying DSE has a high potential for increasing the success of direct seeding in assisting various reforestation programs in Indonesia.
Foliar application of SiO2 nanoparticles to increase shallot production under water stress as an effort to mitigate climate change
Authors: Rahmawati N , Wulandari N
Published: February 2024

Global climate change has resulted in environmental stress which has the potential to reduce the production of various agricultural commodities. One of the reasons for the low production of shallot is because cultivated in land with limited water. An effort to minimize the impact of water stress on shallots is to use SiO2 nanoparticles. This study aims to determine the role of SiO2 nanoparticles to increase production of shallot under water stress. This research was conducted at the greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture from December 2022 to March 2023, using randomized block design. The first factor is water stress (80%, 60% and 40% field capacity) and the second factor is the concentration SiO2 nanoparticles (0 g/l, 6 g/l, 12 g/l and 18 g/l). The results showed the water stress treatment had significant effect reduced number of tubers and fresh and dry weight of tubers, the application of SiO2 nanoparticles had significant effect increased the number of tubers and fresh and dry weight of tubers. Interaction of application SiO2 nanoparticles and water stress conditions had a significant effect on increased the number of tubers in the combination of 80% field capacity with SiO2 nanoparticles concentration 12 g/l.
Identification of the physiological characteristics of some local Aceh rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasms
Authors: Nazirah L , Fuady Z , Satriawan H
Published: February 2024

The identification of local rice germplasms resources is essential for determining morphological and anatomical traits for agronomic applications. In this study, we have screened several local rice germplasms from Aceh, conducted in Gampong Paloh Lada and Agroecotechnology Laboratory, Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Malikussaleh, Aceh Utara Regency, from February to June 2023. The study employed Randomized Block Design Non-Factorial, consisting of 7 lines of local germplasms, including Unsyiah Cakep, Unsyiah Seumeulu, Cot Bada, Sigunca, Sigupai, Cot Bada and Rajasa (control). Flowering age, net assimilation rate, relative growth rate, root length, shoot – root ratio and 1000- grain weight was observed. The results of this study showed that there were significant differences between several rice strains on the variables of flowering age, net assimilation rate 40-20 DAP, relative growth rate 60-40, shoot-root-ratio at 60 DAP and harvest, root length, 1000 seed weight. Cotbada eight and Cotbada four strains gave the best effect compared to Rajasa (control) and other strains, seen in the parameters of relative growth rate two, number of grains per clump, weight of 1000 seeds and yield tonnes/ha. Cotbada four strain with a production of 7.24 tonnes/ha and followed by Cotbada eight strain with a yield of 6.48 tonnes/ha.
Growth and production of three wetland rice varieties on saline leached land with microbial consortium application
Authors: Badrudin U , Ghulamahdi M , Purwoko B S , Pratiwi E
Published: February 2024

The study for investigate the level production and growth for several varieties of paddy rice on washed saline land with microbial consortium treatment. The environmental design used factorial Randomized Group Design. The microbial consortium application (no microbial application, microbial application A, microbial application B, microbial application C), while the second factor of paddy rice varieties (Pokkali, Biosalin 2 Agritan, IR 29) and repeated three times. The data obtained were analyzed with the F test. If significantly different, then further test was conducted using DMRT 5%. The results showed that bleaching using fresh water decreased the value of electrical conductivity. The interaction between the treatment of the type of microbial consortium and the variety of paddy rice did not affect all observed variables, but the application of the type of microbial consortium independently differed between treatments on the growth component, namely the variable plant height and the best yield shown by Pokkali, while the production component had no effect. The treatment of the type of paddy rice varieties differed between treatments on both growth and production components and the best was Biosalin 2 Agritan of 5.80 tons.ha−1, IR 29 4.37 tons.ha−1, and Pokkali 2.96 tons.ha−1.
The effect of Sil-select and swim-down techniques with antioxidant added to diluent on buffalo bull’s semen traits
Authors: Alwaeli S N , Eidan S M
Published: February 2024

A study investigated the effect of sil-select and swim-down sperm selection protocols on enhancing the bad semen attributes of buffalo bulls with or without antioxidants. Semen was evaluated weekly (14 weeks) and divided into 12 groups. Good (GSQ) and bad (BSQ) semen were diluted using a Tris diluent. The GSQ was divided into three groups [CS1: Tris diluent; CS5: Tris+ vitamins E (2 mmol) and C (5 mmol); CS6: Tris +glutamine (20mmol) and arginine (1mmol)]. The BSQ was divided into three groups and three sub-groups (CS2: Tris diluent; CS7: Tris +vitamins E and C; CS8: Tris+ glutamine and arginine). In the 3rd and 4th main groups, the Sil-Select (CS3) and swim-down (CS4) techniques were used with or without adding antioxidants and subdivided into three sub-groups, referred to as CS9-CS10 for the sil-select method and CS11-CS12 for the swim-down. Improving normal morphology (NM), acrosome, plasma membrane integrity and lesser sperm abnormalities (SAB) were noticed in fresh semen of the CS3 than the CS2 groups. The CS3, CS4, and CS9-CS12 groups recorded higher NM and lower SAB than other groups post-cryopreservation. The two techniques removed SAB and harvested good sperm, which may improve the pregnancy rate and agricultural sustainability systems.
The presence of Myopopone castanea Smith (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) as a predator in oil palm plantations
Authors: Widihastuty  , Tobing M C , Lisnawita
Published: February 2024

One of the predators of the immature horn beetle, Oryctes rhinoceros, is Myopopone castanea. These predators have the same ecological niche as O. rhinoceros at its juvenile stage in oil palm plantations. Opportunities to carry out biological management of the O. rhinoceros and improve agricultural sustainability in oil palm fields arise from niche similarities between predators and prey. This study aimed to quantify the abiotic environment in ant nests and investigate the existence of M. castanea ants in oil palm farms. Oil palm plantations on peat soils and mineral soils with 20 sample points each were surveyed and explored as part of this study. The findings indicated that starting at 20 sample points on. The findings indicated that whereas 10 colonies of M. castanea ants were discovered in oil palm plantations on mineral soils, there were none identified in 20 sampling points on oil palm plantations on peat soil. The average temperature, humidity, and pH of the M. castanea ant colony were 29.1 0C, 6.27, and 71.4%, respectively. There is a considerable difference in the pH indicator between marginal land and peat land, but not in the temperature or humidity.
Effect of Rhus coriaria L. on performance productive, physiological and carcass characteristics of broiler chicks
Authors: Al-Saada Q , Al-Nasseri A N , Hasan M O , Taha M W
Published: February 2024

A study conducted to estimate effect of Rhus Coriaria L in performance productive, blood profile lipids, carcass characteristics and intestinal flora. A total of 135 chicks Ross308 that divided randomly for three treatments, each treatment divided to three replicates. T1 as control treatment (without supplementation), while T2, T3 received 1, 2 gm/kg diet from sumac powder respectively. The results showed significant superiority in body weight, weight gain and feed conversion in T2, T3 and significant decreased in feed intake in T2. The dressing percentage significantly increase T2, T3, also noted significant increase in breast weight in T3, drumstick weight and abdominal fat percentage in T2. As for the giblets the gizzard showed a significant increase in relative weight. The blood lipids showed significant decrease in TG, HDL, VLDL concentration in T2, T3. The microbiological study showed that number of E. Coli and clostridium significant decrease (P<0.05) in T3 and Staphylococcus decrease in T2, T3, conversely noted significant increase of lactic acid bacteria in T2, T3 compared to control. It can conclude from this study that sumac has a noticeable effect on the productive, physiological performance and intestinal flora of broilers.
Physicochemical quality of culled layer meat sausage with added Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) paste
Authors: Patriani P , Irgiadi A , Trisna A
Published: February 2024

The green economy has great potential in food security so it needs to be prioritized. One of the efforts to improve food security is by utilizing less quality materials such as abandoned culled layer meat to develop products in the form of sausages added with Fenugreek to improve product quality. Fenugreek is an aromatic spice that contains flavonoids, amino acids, alkaloids, and antioxidants and can emulsify dough because it contains galactomannan. The research method used a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 5 replicates. The treatment parameter was the addition of fenugreek paste to the sausage consisting of (K0 = 0%; K1 = 2%, K2 = 4%, K3 = 6%). The results showed that the addition of Fenugreek paste affected the physicochemical of the sausage. The addition of Fenugreek paste to sausages can increase pH, moisture content, tenderness, and lightness and reduce cooking weight loss. The best physicochemical quality in sausage samples with the addition of Fenugreek paste 4% (K2) and 6% (K3). Fenugreek is recommended as a natural additive in the manufacture of chicken sausages in a sustainable manner to improve quality and local food development that prioritizes production with the application of efficient technology.
Effectiveness of LAB filtrate of shrimp pastes products on quality characteristics of fresh stingray (Dasyatis kuhlii)
Authors: Dewinta A F , Pakpahan D S , Leidonald R , Fadhilah A , Manurung V R
Published: February 2024

Stingray (Dasyatis kuhlii) is a type of by-catch fish that is widely used as a product with economic value, but the handling on board is not paid attention to so that when it is landed the condition of the fish is not fresh. This study aims to determine the effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) of shrimp paste products in maintaining the quality characteristics of stingrays by chemical testing, namely pH and TVBN, and microbiological testing, namely TPC. This research was conducted from August to October 2022. In this study, BAL was used which was isolated from shrimp paste and stored for 7 days at a temperature of 25-27 °C and the observation time was on the 2nd, 4th, and 7th day. The results of the pH test showed varied results. 7.99 – 9.17. TVBN test results in 627.33 mgN/100 to 1052.16 mgN/100. The TPC value shows a result of 3.86 x 107 cfu/ml – 6.788 x 108 cfu/ml. The effect of LAB of shrimp paste products in maintaining the quality characteristics of stingrays is less effective at room temperature.
The Impact of sedimentation of mud, sand and rubbish on sustainability of the Asahan River, North Sumatera
Authors: Bakti D , Zen Z , Rosmayati  , Sabrina R
Published: February 2024

The Asahan River, burdened by thick sedimentation, severely impacts the socio-economic fabric of Asahan Regency and Tanjungbalai. Shallow waters disrupt community life, particularly for fishermen, while the river’s estuary facilitates smuggling due to inadequate police and navy patrols. This study investigates the extensive social, economic, and environmental consequences of sedimentation on riverside communities and assesses its toll on economic activities at Teluk Nibung Port and Bagan Asahan Harbor.Conducted in four phases, the research involves data collection from local governments, a physical examination of the river, surveys and interviews with farmers and fishermen, and a Focus Group Discussion with community leaders. Findings highlight adverse effects on socio-economic life, including annual floods and a shift in livelihoods for some fishermen. Escalating rainfall trends over the past decades signal increased flood risks. Port activities show a decline, projected to cease within five years if unaddressed. Proposing dredging as a solution, the study advocates for restoring the economic conditions of Asahan Regency and Tanjungbalai while concurrently revitalizing the river’s ecosystem. The cost of flood mitigation underscores the urgency of intervention.
The application analysis of the eco-interior concept to My Dormy Hostel UMM as an effort to achieve environmental sustainability
Authors: Sari N B M , Alimin N N , Mulyadi
Published: February 2024

Public awareness about environmental sustainability is increasing. Various approaches are being taken to address environmental issues, including in the field of interior design. One of the approaches that highlight environmental awareness and sustainability is known as eco-interior. My Dormy Hostel UMM is a pioneering hostel in Malang that utilizes repurposed containers as its primary building material. This study aims to observe the application of the eco-interior concept at My Dormy Hostel UMM, with diagnostic evaluation analysis based on the concept of eco-interior. The eco-interior concept is divided into four levels of classification: ideal situation, substantial and mild effort, and general application. The finding shows that falls under the third level of the eco-interior concept, “substantial effort”. The application of the concept is commendable but not yet considered ideal or optimal. Specifically, the ventilation system meets the standards for an ideal situation, while the space organization, material selection, and lighting systems meet the criteria for a substantial effort. Electromagnetic emissions only reach the level of mild effort, whereas water sanitation, indoor pollution, and indoor waste management are categorized as general applications. This research is expected to be a reference for evaluating the application of the eco-interior concept in the hospitality industry.
Biodiversity for Food Security: The Giant Swamp Taro ‘Dalugha’ from Sangihe Islands, North Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Rotinsulu W , Pinaria A , Tasirin J , Pakasi S , Pakasi C , Kapantow G
Published: February 2024

Biodiversity provides environmental services, foods, drugs, fibers and timbers for humans. The value of biodiversity to the Indonesian people is enormous. To feed its ever-growing population, the Indonesian government has made improving food security and food sovereignity a national priority. Achieving food security is intrinsically linked to the maintenance of biodiversity. This research was conducted in Tamako District, Sangihe Islands, North Sulawesi. One of the most serious threats to biodiversity is climate change. Small islands can be impacted by extreme weather events, rising sea levels, and the effects of climate change. Local or native crops play important role in enhancing food security. Giant swamp taro Cyrtosperma merkusii known by local people as Dalugha is one of main staple food in the Sangihe Islands, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Prior to the introduction of rice, sago, cassava, and giant swamp taro were staple dietary sources for the Sangihe Islanders. Dalugha grows in swamps near the coast, where seawater inundates the swamp during high tide. It has a high nutritional value as a substitute food and easy to propagate. As a result, it is an essential crop for enhancing food security, especially in facing sea level rise and climate change.
The effect of Aspergillus sp. as a bating agent in tanned goat’s skin on bending strength, paint fade, and protein level
Authors: Andini R A , Pertiwiningrum A , Abidin M Z
Published: February 2024

Bating is a process of eroding proteins carried out in the process of tanning the skin to erode protein on the skin using protease activity. Feliderm is commonly used as a bating agent. However, the disadvantages of feliderm are relatively high cost, access to purchases is quite difficult, and not being environmentally friendly. Aspergillus sp. is widely known by the public for its use in fermenting soybeans to soy sauce, which is one of the producers of protease enzymes that can be utilized. The method used was an experimental trial using a Completely Randomized Design with 5 treatments and 3 replications, if there were significant influences followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test Method. The results show that Aspergillus sp. can be used to replace feliderm as a bating agent on goat’s skin leather tanning. The best result is T4 with the bending strength showing Nerf and the paint not cracking, the paint not fading at the value of 4/5, and the protein content with the value of 70,91%.
Sustainability of protein potential in nagara beans (Vigna unguiculata ssp Cylindrica) from South Kalimantan
Authors: Hustiany R
Published: February 2024

Nagara bean planting is very dependent on a wetland environment, where the land is only dry for a few months. Conditions like this affect the sustainability of the existence of nagara beans. The aim of this research is to analyze the feasibility of sustaining the existence of nagara beans based on the potential protein present in various forms. The protein content of whole nagara beans was 14.22%, when roasted it was 18.42%, when peeled and dried into flour it was 24.16%, when the fat is removed it was 22.54%, concentrate flour was 17.58%, the protein isolate was 61.31%, when fermented it becomes tempeh at 9.58%, tempeh defatted flour was 26.09%, tempeh flour concentrate was 21.28% and tempeh flour protein isolate was 38.4%, sprout flour on a small scale was 31.06%, and sprout flour on a big scale becomes 19.83%. The amino acid composition that was often found in nagara beans was glutamic acid, aspartic acid, lysine, phenylalanine, threonine and leucine. Nagara bean protein is mostly in the form of globulin and albumin. Based on its protein potential, nagara beans are feasible to maintain their continued existence.
The process of making green melinjo fruit peel extract powder drink with the addition of egg white and palm sugar as material from Indonesia local resources
Authors: Lubis L M , Azizi M A , Lubis Z , Suhaidi I
Published: February 2024

An instant powder drink made from green melinjo fruit peel extract with egg white and palm sugar is expected to become diversify food also beneficial for health. Palm sugar contains secondary metabolite compounds which function as antioxidants for powder drinks and sustainability of food for supporting food security. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the addition of egg white and palm sugar on the characteristics of green melinjo fruit peel extract powder drink. This study used a CRD (Completely Randomized Design) factorial method with 2 factors, such as egg white percentage of 25%, 30% and 35%, and palm sugar percentage of 5%, 10% and 15%. The results showed that the addition of egg white had a highly significant (P <0.01) effect on antioxidant activity, dissolving rate, and total flavonoids. The addition of palm sugar had a highly significant (P <0.01) effect on antioxidant activity, dissolving rates, and total flavonoids. The result showed that the best treatment was M3S3 (35% egg white and 15% palm sugar), which gave the hinger total flavonoid content (12.9133 mg EQ/g) and higher dissolving rate (54.6667 g/second).
Sensory characteristics of catfish bone flavor enhancer with addition of aromatic citronella (Cymbopogon nardus) extracted with various temperatures and maltodextrin concentration
Authors: Khairi A N , Pamungkas A P , Khasanah A U
Published: February 2024

Fish waste processing is one way to support the development of fishery products and environmental sustainability. Catfish bone powder has an unpleasant aroma. Unpleasant aroma could be reduced by adding spices such as aromatic citronella. This study aims to determine the effect of citronella extract in catfish bone flavor enchancer powder. Experimental design in this study used completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors, variations in temperature differences and maltodextrin concentration. The temperature variations used were 70°C and 80°C and maltodextrin 10% and 15%. The analysis conducted included hedonic characteristics consist of flavor, color, aroma, and texture. Statistical analysis was performed with two-way ANOVA and continued with DMRT (Duncan’s Multiple Range Test) test at the significance level α = 5%. Hedonic test showed that texture analysis ranged from 2.92-3.25, aroma 3.06-3.14, color 2.86-3.31, flavor 3.00-3.14. Adding aromatic citronella increase color and texture hedonic valuation significantly.
Dengke naniura source of probiotics to lower cholesterol
Authors: Simanjuntak R , Julianti E , Silalahi J , Rahayu E S
Published: February 2024

Dengke naniura is one of the traditional foods found in Batak Toba, made from carp processed without cooking, but only by soaking it in an acid solution for 7 hours and adding spices. Objective of this research is to acquire lactic acid bacteria from dengke naniura as a candidate probiotic that can lower cholesterol. Out of 20 isolates isolated from dengke naniura and characterized as lactic acid bacteria. In accordance with the test results, 15 isolates were non-motile, rod-shaped, Gram-positive catalase negative, and capable of growing at pH 3.0-8.5. Seventeen isolates were tested for their efficacy their ability to avert the growth of pathogenic bacteria and lowering cholesterol in the media. Inhibition of lactic acid bacteria isolates against Salmonella typhimurium IFO 12529 with a range of 5.9-9 mm, Escherichia coli IFO 3301 by 5.9-10.7 mm, and Staphylococcus aureus IFO 13276 with a range of 3.9-7.9 mm. All isolates tested were able to reduce cholesterol in the media by 34-65%. The results of this study are expected to have an impact on the provision of agricultural commodities in the form of processed products that are more diverse and have a health impact, especially for farmers.
Analysis of the quality of liquid smoke coconut shells using Technoher equipment
Authors: Tooy D , Pinatik H F , Koapaha T , Langi T M
Published: February 2024

Many food industry products require preservatives to extend their shelf life. Natural preservatives are a necessity for safe food products. One natural preservative can be made from coconut shells. Liquid smoke from coconut shells is produced using liquid smoke pyrolysis equipment which has been developed by authors called Technoher. This study aimed to compare physical and chemical properties of various grades of liquid smoke from coconut shells produced using Technoher equipment, and study the specific applications of liquid smoke based on the grades. To produce the expected quality (3 grades), 3 treatments are made. The results showed that Grade 1 (G1) specifically the G1+ treatment sample had the lowest PAH value of 0.00 µg/g, while the G1 had a value of 0.007 µg/g. Grade 2 consisting of G2 and G2+ treatments, yielded PAH values of 0.002 µg/g, and 0.006 µg/g respectively, while Grade 3, produced a value of 0.026 µg/g. Based on the results, the three grades of Coconut liquid smoke were within the tolerance limit for PAH (Benzo (a) pyrene). The products contain no toxic substances and are safe, with Grades 1 and 2 are food grade, while Grade 3 has the potential for non-food preservation (non-food grade).
The study of water balance at Karai sub watershed
Authors: Nasution D L S , Ginting E N
Published: February 2024

Water balance could be a clue of water available in a watershed. It could interpreted the amount of water supply and demand in an area.The extream condition of water excess or water deficiency would be flood and drought disaster. This research is aimed to obtain the value of water balance components in Karai Sub Watershed. The research result shown the source of water supply that 100 percent from rainfall was 2,811 mm/year and the total of water lost was about 1,988 mm/year that be in the form of water demand in this watershed. Several water demand in this watershed was the amount of water lost from interception about 540 mm/year, evapotranspiration about 1,382 mm/year, surface runoff abouta 42.82 mm/year, and domestic needs about 22.95 mm/year. In general, the excess water storage in Karai Sub Watershed amount 822.14 mm/year that about 29.25 percent of water supply.
The use of cabbage compost and indigenous microorganism for cultivation of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)
Authors: Siswanto U , Pusponegoro O D , Anindyawati N
Published: February 2024

Cabbage, a widely cultivated cruciferous vegetable, generates substantial waste material during its harvest and processing. This study was conducted to analyse the effectiveness of three decomposer types and their concentration to break down cabbage waste compost on the cultivation of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). The research employed randomized complete block design with two factors and three replications. The first factor was the cabbage waste compost amount: 20 g, 30 g, and 40 g per plant. The second factor was type of compost decomposers: without decomposers, EM4, Thiobacillus sp., and indigenous microorganism. Variables observed included leaf length, number of leafs, leaf fresh weight, leaf dry weight, root fresh weight, root dry weight, and root length. Data were analysed using analysis of variance and means were separated using Duncan’s multiple range test. There was no interaction between the decomposer and the amount of cabbage waste compost on all parameters. The type of cabbage waste compost decomposer had a very significant effect on the number of leaves and root length. The amount of cabbage waste compost did not significantly affect all parameters. Indigenous microorganism (IMO) decomposer resulted in the number of leaf 14.36 and leaf length of 5.79 cm.
The role of stakeholder in community based tourism (cbt)-based tourist village in Gentungan Village, Gondangrejo Sub District, Karanganyar Regency
Authors: Permatasari P , Winarno J , Wibowo A , Suwarto
Published: February 2024

Tourism sector plays a very important role in the community’s economic development. The important aspects in a successful tourist village development are, among others, public participation and collaboration between stakeholders. The sustainability of tourist village needs strategy. This research aims: 1) to describe the condition of Embung Setumpeng tourist object; 2) to analyze the role of stakeholders in managing Embung Setumpeng tourist object; and 3) to formulate the strategy of developing Embung Setumpeng tourist object. This research used a qualitative method with case study approach. This research was carried out in Gentungan Village, Gondangrejo Sub District, Karanganyar Regency. The methods of collecting data used were documentation, observation, and interview. The informants of research included initiators and activists of tourist village, administrators of Tourism-Conscious group (Pokdarwis), administrators of Apem, visitor and sellers. The result shows that: 1) Embung Setumpeng tourist object affects the people and the environment positively but the number of tourists visiting this object decreased due to Covid-19 pandemic 2) the development of Embung Setumpeng needs the roles of community, government, and private; and 3) strategy in developing tourist village includes the improvement of facilities in Embung Setumpeng tourist object, of Pokdarwis members’ capacity, promotion and social network.
Analysis of Indonesia coffee exports competitiveness in the United States and Japan to promote sustainable market
Authors: Nasution S P , Wibowo R P , Supriana T , Iskandarini
Published: February 2024

Coffee is one of the main export commodity in Indonesia which has contributed to the foreign exchange. Indonesia is the fourth largest coffee producer in the world after Brazil, Vietnam and Colombia. The aim of this research was to analyze the level of competitiveness of Indonesian coffee exports to the United States and Japan markets. Data sources were obtained from the Indonesian Central Statistics Agency (BPS), UN Comtrade and Trade MAP. The data used is secondary time series data over a period of 5 years (2018-2022). The research method used Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) to calculate the level of competitiveness of Indonesian coffee exports to the United States and Japan markets. The research results showed that Indonesian coffee has a stronger competitiveness in the United States market compared to the Japanese market. However, when compared with Colombia, Brazil and Guantemala, the value of Indonesian RCA in the United States and Japanese markets is still far behind. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the production for sustainable coffee exports in the United States and Japan markets.
The effect of infrastructure development on increasing farmers’ income of main agricultural commodities in Serdang Bedagai Regency
Authors: Tambunan A U Y , Subhilhar  , Kusmanto H , Ridho H
Published: February 2024

Improving the quality and quantity of infrastructure leading to agricultural production centers will increase the economic activities of the community. The more stable infrastructure of agricultural centers will facilitate access to the location, more competitive prices, and more guaranteed quality so that it will increase agricultural production and productivity as well as the income and welfare of the community, especially farmers. The contribution of Serdang Bedagai’s agricultural and plantation sectors is so large that it is only natural that the priority of infrastructure development is the construction of roads and bridges to facilitate the mobility of agricultural products. This study was conducted to provide additional perspectives and references on the importance of infrastructure in improving the welfare and income of rice farmers in Serdang Bedagai regency. This study employs quantitative approaches. The investigation took place within Serdang Bedagai Regency, Sumatera Utara Province by distributing questionnaires to respondents, namely 96 farmers. Respondents were farmers representing 17 sub-districts. The findings indicated that infrastructure development positively and significantly influences the income of farmers producing the main commodities in the Serdang Bedagai area. Furthermore, it is shown that road conditions (X) have an impact of 47.4% on the income (Y) of major commodity farmers in the Serdang Bedagai regency.