bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Delineating Sub-basins of Sedimentary Rock Structure beneath Eastern Central Sumatra Basin Using Integrated Gravity, Seismic and Well Data Analysis
Authors: Nainggolan Tumpal Bernhard , Kusnida Dida , Mirnanda Eddy , Setiadi Imam , Nugroho Erwin Hariyanto , Subagio Subagio
Published: May 2023

The Central Sumatra Basin is a vast sedimentary basin and has been proven to produce hydrocarbon; this basin consists of several different sub-basins that cannot be well-imaged with conventional seismic reflection section and limited well log data. This research aims to delineate sedimentary sub-basins, interpret the sub-surface geological model and identify geological structures beneath Eastern Central Sumatra Basin using integrated geophysical gravity, seismic and well data analysis. The sub-basins that can be delineated from the gravity data analysis are 13 sedimentary sub-basins, while the structural patterns identified are basement height, graben and fault. The 3D modeling results indicate that the Pre-Tertiary granitic basement is a continental crust with a mass density value of 2.67 gr/cc. Sedimentary rock from modeling results from the bottom to up, which is Early Oligocene-Middle Miocene sedimentary rock with a mass density value of 2.35 gr/cc. The results of the sub-surface geological modeling analysis show, based on the graben pattern and the basement high beneath the Eastern Central Sumatra Basin, many structural patterns support the development of petroleum systems similar to the western part of the basin that has already produced hydrocarbon. Our study also revealed the thickness of the Sihapas Formation, which is believed to have hydrocarbon reservoir potential.
Montmorillonite-based Adsorption and Thermal Combustion: A Novel Approach to Purify Tetracycline-Contaminated Water
Authors: Zyoud Ahed , Zyoud Shaher , Amireh Ameed
Published: May 2023

Ensuring access to clean and safe water is a critical aspect of human survival, yet water pollution caused by organic contaminants remains a significant global challenge. Adsorption, which involves using an adsorbent material to remove pollutants, is a well-established technique for purifying water from organic contaminants. However, the adsorption capacity of the material decreases over time as it becomes saturated with the adsorbed pollutants. In this study, the researchers used montmorillonite, a naturally occurring and readily available clay mineral, as an adsorbent material for the removal of tetracycline from water sources. The results demonstrate that montmorillonite is an efficient adsorbent, with complete adsorption of tetracycline achieved within 40 minutes of stirring using just 0.1g of montmorillonite with tetracycline (100 mL, 100 ppm). Furthermore, the study presents a novel approach to regenerate and activate used montmorillonite through thermal combustion, allowing for its reuse in further adsorption processes. The stability of the annealed montmorillonite was confirmed by characterization techniques such as TGA and FT-IR. The findings suggest that montmorillonite is a sustainable, low-cost, and effective adsorbent material for the removal of o from water sources and holds potential for removing other organic pollutants (such as pesticides, insecticides, herbicides, dyes, pharmaceuticals), presenting a valuable addition to existing water treatment methods.
Network Meta-Analysis of First-Line Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Advanced Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with PD-L1 Expression ≥50%
Authors: chen wei , Chen Jiayi , Zhang Lin , Cheng Sheng , Yu Junxian
Published: May 2023

Introduction:The optimal first-line immunotherapy regimen for advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NS-NSCLC) patients with programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression ≥ 50% remains unclear. Our aim is to determine the most effective treatment regimen through a network meta-analysis (NMA) comparing these treatments.MethodsA systematic search was performed in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase databases, and a Bayesian network meta-analysis was conducted. To ensure transparency, the study was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42022349712).ResultsThe analysis included 11 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 2037 patients and 12 immunotherapy combinations. ICI-ICI, ICI alone, and chemotherapy-ICI showed significant advantages over chemotherapy in terms of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy showed the best OS results compared to chemotherapy. Tislelizumab plus chemotherapy and sintilimab plus chemotherapy provided the best PFS results.ConclusionsFor NS-NSCLC patients with PD-L1 ≥ 50%, pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy, tislelizumab plus chemotherapy, and sintilimab plus chemotherapy are recommended as good treatment options based on the results of this NMA.
Perception of BPT undergraduates regarding offline and online mode of training– A survey
Authors: Shetty Mamta , Furia Khilti , Kadam Kalpita , Jain Urvi , Jaod Shifa , Kadve Tanvi
Published: May 2023

Background COVID-19 has rapidly emerged as a pandemic affecting more than 200 countries worldwide. One common trend that was seen around the globe during the pandemic was an increase in academic activities using e-learning making a swift transition from place-based classes to virtual online learning system. The digital revolution has significantly changed the learning affinities of students, particularly those born between 1995 and 2010, known as Generation Z. Thus, it is critical in these times of COVID-19 pandemic to know the perception of students of this generation regarding the major change in mode of training and whether it would be convenient for further education even after the lockdown is called off.Methods An online survey was administered to 500 BPT graduates across Mumbai and Navi Mumbai. An orientation session regarding the research was conducted by the co-investigator for the sampling population over Zoom meeting informing them about the details of study. A google form link containing the Student Engagement questionnaire was formed and shared with the sample population via electronic platform of their individual preferences.Results The study was focused on reporting the perception of BPT graduates regarding offline and online mode of training. Out of the total participants 98.2% perceived critical thinking, creative thinking, adaptability, problem solving, assessment and coherence of curriculum domain to be an important aspect of training in offline mode when compared to online mode. Combined perception of participants for the domains self-managed learning, computer literacy, feedback to assist learning and cooperative learning was considered 4.5% to be salient in offline mode of training when compared to online mode. Assessment of the domains interpersonal skills, relationship with other students and between teachers and students revealed that 96.5% participants perceived these domains to be major aspect of offline mode of training.Conclusion Findings from the present study reported that students perceived offline mode of training to be beneficial compared to the online mode. Many students perceived that the offline mode of lectures provides more information on subjects and more scope for interaction with peers and teachers.
Realizing quantum speed limit in open system with a PT -symmetric trapped-ion qubit
Authors: Luo Le , Lu Pengfei , liu teng , liu yang , Rao Xinxin , lao qifeng , Wu Hao , zhu feng
Published: May 2023

Faster quantum gate operation time is one of the key issues in quantum information processing. It has a lower bound in a closed quantum system, so called quantum speed limit (QSL). But this limit could be significantly decreased in an open system, resulting in novel quantum computation schemes. Here we have experimentally studied the QSL in a non-Hermitian parity time symmetric (PT -symmetric) quantum system with a dissipative trapped-ion qubit. The QSL decreases with the increase of dissipation intensity, which is significantly smaller than that of closed system. The non-Hermitian QSL exhibits chiral dependence on the evolution path, for which we propose the
non-Hermitian Bloch sphere and construct its corresponding SU(2) Lie group to explain it. Furthermore, the QSL with the anti-parity-time-symmetric system has been verified in our experiments. These results enable a wellcontrolled knob for speeding up quantum gate operation, paving the way towards faster quantum computation in an open system.
Lipid metabolism of plasma-derived small extracellular in COVID-19 convalescent patients
Authors: Wenjing Xiao , Huang Qi , Luo Ping , Tan Xueyun , Xia Hui , Wang Sufei , Sun Yice , Wang Zhihui , Ma Yanling , Zhang Jianchu , Jin Yang
Published: May 2023

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which affects multiple organs, is causing an unprecedented global public health crisis. Most COVID-19 patients recover gradually upon appropriate interventions. Viruses were reported to utilize the small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) to escape the attack from the host’s immune system. This study aimed to examine the lipid profile of plasma small extracellular vesicles of recovered COVID-19 patients (RCs). Plasma sEVs were separated from 83 RCs 3 months after discharge without underlying diseases, including 18 recovered asymptomatic patients (RAs), 32 recovered moderate patients (RMs), and 33 recovered severe and critical patients (RSs), and 19 healthy controls (HCs) by Total Exosome Isolation. Lipids were extracted from sEVs and then subjected to targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Size, concentration, and distribution of plasma-derived sEVs from RAs, RMs, RSs, and HCs did not differ in RCs and HCs as validated by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and immunoblot analysis. Fifteen subclasses of 508 lipids were detected in plasma sEVs from HCs, RAs, RMs, and RSs, such as phosphatidylcholines (PCs) and diacylglycerols (DAGs), etc. Total lipid intensity displayed downregulation in RCs compared with HCs. The relative abundance of DAGs gradually dropped, whereas PCs, lysophosphatidylcholines, and sphingomyelins were higher in RCs relative to HCs, especially RSs. 88 lipids out of 241 were significantly different and a conspicuous increase in lipid profiles of RCs was revealed with disease status. The lipids alternations were found to be significantly correlated with the clinical indices in RCs and HCs, suggesting that the impact of COVID-19 on lipid metabolism lingered for a long time. The lipid abnormalities bore an intimate link with glycerophospholipid metabolism and glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor biosynthesis. Furthermore, the lipidomic analysis showed that RCs were at higher risk of developing diabetes and sustaining hepatic impairment. The abnormality of immunomodulation in RCs might still exist. The study may offer new insights into the mechanism of organ dysfunction and help identify novel therapeutic targets in the RCs.
Establishing the health and wellbeing needs of mining host community in Brazil, Chile and Peru: a mixed-method approach to identify priority areas for action to help communities meet their SDG3 targets
Authors: Rice Brian , Buller Ana Maria , Boccia Delia , Bazan Cesar , Miranda Rafael , Cea Ximena , Laro Rodrigo , Fontes Miguel , Hayes Rosalie , Wit Mariken , Carter Daniel J , Plowright Alexandra , Chadwick Matthew , Gafos Mitzy
Published: May 2023

Background: The global mining industry is an important partner in advancing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. In 2018, Anglo American plc published their Sustainable Mining Plan, containing a goal for improving health and wellbeing aligned with the Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG3) targets. Having formed an independent multidisciplinary research consortium, we designed and implemented a mixed-methods approach to attain a deeper understanding of SDG3 priorities within the local context of communities hosting Anglo American mining operations located in Latin America.
Methods: In 2019, within the host communities of three mining operations in Chile, three in Brazil, and one in Peru, we conducted a qualitative study which included stakeholder workshops and key informant interviews. We also quantitatively appraised existing health data.Findings emerging from the qualitative and quantitative assessments were compared to identify health and wellbeing priority areas for action relevant to each community.
Results: Across the three countries, 120 people took part in workshops and 35 in interviews. In these workshops and interviews, non-communicable diseases (SDG3.4), harmful alcohol consumption (SDG3.5), and pollution, particularly air pollution (SDG3.9), were consistently identified as areas for priority action. There were similarities in the reporting of individual, interpersonal, community, societal, and structural factors underlying these priority areas across the different communities. The availability of quantitative data was generally good at the state level, becoming increasing sparse as we focused on smaller geographies. The priorities identified in the quantitative assessments generally aligned with those highlighted in the qualitative data.
Conclusions: We highlight the importance of engaging with local populations to understand and address health needs. To address the priorities identified, intervention packages tailored to the specific needs of host communities, that tackle associated upstream societal level factors, are required. To facilitate this, appropriate monitoring systems and epidemiological investigations should be implemented to better understand the local context and quantify health issues. In the host communities, it is essential for the mining sector to be a key health partner in promoting integrated programmes that contribute to achieving the priority objectives and targets aligned with the SDG3 agenda.
A Case of Anti-Hu Antibody-Associated Sensory Neuronopathy after Subacute Combined Degeneration of the Spinal Cord
Authors: Niu Tongyang , Ren MengSi , Liu Qi , Liu Yaling , Dong Hui
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) are non-metastatic complications of malignancy that result from immune-mediated neuronal dysfunction or death and can affect any part of the nervous system. Hu, Yo, Ri and other antibodies are involved in nervous system injury. PNS is rare in the clinic, among which sensory neuronopathy (SNN) is one of the few classic syndromes, and the report of the pyramidal tract sign is rare. Here we report a case of SNN associated with bilateral pyramidal tract impairment. The patient's main complaint is numbness in the limbs and face. Even after early diagnosis of subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord (SCD) and active treatment, the numbness symptoms continue to worsen. The patient's diagnosis was finally confirmed after parathyroid-related antibody testing. The patient was finally diagnosed with probable PNS but no tumor has been found for 8 years since the onset of the disease. So she has not received any immunomodulatory or immunosuppressive treatment. It is recommended that the patient continue to take vitamin B and undergo tumor screening every 6 months.
Conclusion: The early SCD of this case masked its true cause, and there are many unique aspects to this case: despite a long medical history, no tumors were found; concurrent bilateral pyramidal tract sign; NCV examination showed predominantly peripheral sensory axonal damage. Therefore, it has brought difficulties to the diagnosis of our cases and provided ideas for the diagnosis of similar cases in the future.
Renal impairment is a risk factor for trifluridine/tipiracil-induced adverse events in metastatic colorectal cancer patients: An exploratory analysis of REGOTAS study
Authors: Shiroyama Mamiko , Fukuoka Shota , Masuishi Toshiki , Takashima Atsuo , Kumekawa Yosuke , Kajiwara Takeshi , Yamazaki Kentaro , Shimada Yasuhiro , Esaki Taito , Makiyama Akitaka , Moriwaki Toshikazu
Published: May 2023

Background
Renal impairment increases the risk of hematologic events (AEs) in patients on trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI). This study aimed to clarify the specific types of AEs associated with renal impairment in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) on FTD/TPI, using a real-world dataset.
Methods
Among the patients included in the REGOTAS study (a retrospective study of FTD/TPI versus regorafenib), those treated with FTD/TPI were evaluated. Creatinine clearance (Ccr) values of <30, 30–60, 60–90, and >90 mL/min were defined as severe, moderate, mild renal impairment, and normal renal function, respectively. Renal impairment was analyzed as a risk factor for grade 3 or higher AEs using a logistic regression model. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) based on renal impairment were evaluated.
Results
In all, 309 were included in the analysis, and 124, 130, and 55 patients were divided into the normal, mild, and moderate-to-severe groups, respectively. Risk of grade 3 or higher neutropenia was significantly higher in the moderate-to-severe group (odds ratio, 3.47; 95% confidence interval, 1.45–8.30; P=0.005), but the risk of non-hematologic AEs did not increase in any of the groups. The OS and PFS of the mild and moderate-to-severe groups were comparable to those in the normal group.
Conclusion
Patients with mCRC and moderate/severe renal impairment on FTD/TPI therapy may develop severe neutropenia; however, FTD/TPI is considered a treatment option because of its clinical benefit.
Anomalous Liquid Gating from Atomic-scale Graphene Capillaries for Precise and Ultrafast Molecular Sieving
Authors: Zeng Hongbo , Zhang Qian , Gao Bo , Zhang Ling , Liu Xiaopeng , Cui Jixiang , Cao Yijun , Xu Qun , Cui Xinwei , Jiang Lei
Published: May 2023

Effective ion sieving demands reduction of pore size, which inevitably hinders water flux in hydrophilic membranes, posing a major challenge for precise and ultrafast molecular sieving. Herein, we introduce anomalous liquid gating from nanofiltration membranes full of graphene capillaries at 6 Å with a contact angle of 84°, fabricated from spontaneous restacking of island-on-nanosheet microstructure. We found that ion diffusion driven by osmosis could be suppressed to negligible levels (~ 10− 4 mol m-2 h-1); unexpectedly, ultrafast bulk flow of water (45.4 L m-2 h-1) was still functional with ease, as gated on and off by adjusting hydrostatic pressure differences only in 10− 2 bar. We attribute this to graphene nanoconfinement effect, where confined crystal-like water hinders diffusion under osmosis but facilitates high-speed, diffusion-free water transport in the way analogous to Newton’s cradle-like Grotthus conduction. This strategy establishes liquid-solid-liquid, phase-changing molecular transport, beneficial to resolving long-suffering troubles in conventional realms of molecular sieving.
Sociodemographic, Clinical and Biochemical Factors Associated With the Glomerular Filtration Rate in Patients Newly Admitted to Hemodialysis in Sus
Authors: de Oliveira Lara Camargo , Cotta Rosângela Minardi Mitre , Ferreira Emily de Souza , Moreira Tiago Ricardo , Silva Rodrigo Gomes da
Published: May 2023

Background Among the chronic conditions with the greatest evidence of a multifactorial nature, both in terms of etiology and progression, Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) stands out. The present study aims to analyze the relationship between the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) and the biochemical and sociodemographic parameters in individuals recently admitted to hemodialysis.Methods This is a baseline cross-sectional design of the Nephrology Service of the health microregion of Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Descriptive, univariate and multiple linear regression analyzes were performed. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to test the normality of continuous variables. For numeric variables, Student's t and Mann Whitney test were used. All analyzes were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0 Software.Results Data from 422 patients were included. The mean age at the onset of HD was 64.02 ± 15.21 years. Chronic hypertensive kidney disease represented 33.4% of cases with varied etiology. The average Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR), calculated using the CKD-EPI formula, was 10.13 ml/min/1.73m² and the average survival time was 52.06 months (± 49.91%). Based on the evaluation of laboratory data, the averages that were not normal according to the recommendations for these patients were serum calcium, hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum albumin and pre-dialysis urea. Based on the results of the univariate analysis, the following variables were included in the multiple linear regression model: gender, marital status, age, nPCR, glucose, albumin, ferritin, and PTH. According to multivariate analysis, gender, marital status, nPCR, glucose and PTH were independently associated with GFR.Conclusion CKD is increasingly highlighted nowadays because it is a CNCD with a high prevalence of hospitalizations and mortality due to its multifactorial and progressive nature. Therefore, by analyzing the relationship between GFR and biochemical and sociodemographic parameters in individuals newly admitted to HD, the present study allows further insights into the mechanisms that will translate into causalities and ways to establish a better prognosis.
Postnatal Kangaroo Mother Care Practice at Home and Comparison of Improvement in Vital Parameters in Low-Birth-Weight Babies In-Home Setup and Non-Teaching Hospital Setup in Rural Coal Mines Area Jharkhand, India: A Community-Based Prospective Observational Study
Authors: PRASAD TULSI , Roy Ashish Kumar
Published: May 2023

Background Low birth weight (LBW) newborns especially those < 2000 gms are more prone to hypothermia due to which other physiological parameters gets deteriorated in 1st week of life. The objective of this observational study was to continue Kangaroo Mother Care practice at home and to ascertain whether KMC was effective in improving the vital parameters of LBW babies when it is given at home in a rural coal mines area, in Jharkhand, India.Methods This study was a community-based prospective observational study, done over three years from November 2019 to November 2022. In this study, we included 156 pairs of both mothers and LBW babies (weight 1500 to < 2000 gm). After discharge from the hospital on day 3, KMC was continued at home on day 4, day 5, and day 6. Data of four physiological parameters namely temperature, oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, and heart rate, were collected before and after KMC and analyzed.Results Among 400 newborns, 156 LBW babies (39.0%) who were given KMC at home, showed similar but statistically significant improvement of vital parameters, especially in temperature and oxygen saturation(p < 0.0001) compared to the same babies 156(39.0%) given KMC in the hospital (p < 0.001).Conclusion Kangaroo Mother Care, which was continued at home, has a significant role in the Improvement of vital parameters especially concerning temperature and oxygen saturation. If the babies in the weight range of 1500 to < 2000 gm are healthy, well-breast fed, and have no other risk factors can be discharged early, and managed at home by delivering supportive care, nursing care along with Kangaroo Mother Care with continuous follow-up.
Heat stress-induced changes in physiological and some biochemical traits of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes
Authors: Tabassum Rehenuma , Hasan Ahmed Khairul , Rahimi Mehdi , Katsube-Tanaka Tomoyuki , Monshi Fakhrul Islam
Published: May 2023

High temperature during grain filling stage in wheat is greatly affects the wheat production by altering its physiological and biochemical process. Understanding the response of physio-biochemical traits of wheat genotypes under late sowing heat stress condition will facilitate the development of high yielding, stress-tolerant wheat genotypes. Eight diverse wheat cultivars were used to characterize the physiological and biochemical traits for the improvement of heat tolerance by using heat tolerance index (HTI), heat susceptibility index (HIS), multivariate analysis and heatmapping. The flag leaf proline content and water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) accumulation were increased by 19.0% and 38.9% respectively, while in kernel, the proline was decreased by 23.5% from the optimum to late grown heat condition. The principal component analysis and biplot analysis showed that initial principal components, PC1 and PC2 represented 83% of total cumulative variation. The chlorophyll content, yield and yield contributing characters, proline and WSC showed significant differences between the heat tolerant and heat susceptible variety. Among the studied cultivars, BARI GOM-30 performed better than the others in heat stressed condition. The cluster analysis demonstrated the cultivars were categorized into three groups and Spk and Gr seem to be interesting traits as well as HTI and HIS. It’s concluded that the physio-biochemical traits associated with HTI for grain yield are the major factors which may contribute in improved wheat productivity. If these traits performed appropriately under stress condition the crop will show more productive returns under changing climate.
β-asarone relieves Parkinson’s disease through reducing intracellular Ca2+ in PINK1 mutant Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Yin Lanxiang , Liu Haoyu , Yang Chengling , Si Nana , Liu Zhihua , Chen Xiangtao
Published: May 2023

β-asarone, an effective volatile oil component of Acorus chinensis, has been found to hold beneficial effects on Parkinson's disease (PD), but its mechanism remains incompletely understood. Ca2+ dys-homeostasis in dopaminergic neurons underlies the pathology of PD, thus this study aims to investigate whether β-asarone protects against PD by modulating Ca2+ level. Drosophila melanogaster with PINK1 (PTEN induced putative kinase 1) mutations, a prototype PD model, was used in this study. We found that calcium chelation in the diet profoundly alleviated a spectrum of PD symptoms in Drosophila. Whereas, calcium supplementation made the case worse, suggesting accumulated calcium contributes to progression of PD. β-asarone administration decreased calcium level in PD flies, accompanied by alleviated behavioral and neural defects. Further study demonstrated that β-asarone downregulated Dmca1D, a gene encodes L-type Ca2+ channel, which was increased in PD flies. Besides, β-asarone decreased expression of Itpr (1,4,5 - trisphosphate receptor, also known as IP3R), which is responsible for calcium release from endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Knockdown of either Dmca1D or Itpr specifically in dopaminergic neurons alleviated behavioral and neural defects effects in PD flies. While, overexpression of Itpr aggravated PD symptoms. The results indicated that increased calcium influx and intracellular release triggered calcium dyshomeostasis in PD flies. And β-asarone protected against PD by restoring calcium homeostasis. Overall, the study demonstrated that β-asarone can serve as a promising nutritional intervention of PD or other calcium dyshomeostasis related biological events.
Associated Risk of Anxiety among CAD patients in PSCC in Qassim, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alharbi Mansour
Published: May 2023

Context:
The presence of anxiety in individuals with coronary heart disease (CHD) is widespread, and it is related to a higher risk of negative outcomes. There has been a dearth of research on the management of anxiety in people with coronary artery disease.
Aims:
The present study aimed to determine the associated risk of anxiety among coronary artery disease (CAD).
Settings and Design: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on a group of patients with IHD between the ages of 20 and 60 years.
Methods and Material:
A total of 200 individuals participated. Medical records were one of the data sources. The data of patients who meet the selection criteria gathered from the cardiology departments of the PSCC in KFSH.
Statistical analysis used: Statistical package for Social Science (SPSS) version 23 was used for statistical analysis.
Results:
This research comprised 200 patients, the majority of whom were male (81%) and female (19%). According to the findings, 70% of people had minimal depression, 13.5 percent had mild depression, 8.5 percent had moderate depression, 4.5 percent had severe depression, and 3.5 percent had moderately severe depression. Medications were utilized in the majority of cases (98%).
Conclusions:
Anxiety disorders that manifest themselves in the setting of heart disease must be recognized and treated with caution in the early stages of the disease. When giving medical therapy, it is important to examine the effects of the drugs on the heart, as well as the possibility of drug-drug interactions.
Prediction of Treatment Response in Major Depressive Disorder using a Hybrid of Convolutional Recurrent Deep Neural Networks and Effective connectivity based on EEG Signal
Authors: Mirjebreili Seyed Morteza , Shalbaf Reza , Shalbaf Ahmad
Published: May 2023

In this study, we have developed a novel method based on deep learning and brain effective connectivity to classify responders and non-responders to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) antidepressants in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients prior to the treatment using EEG signal. The effective connectivity of 30 MDD patients was determined by analyzing their pretreatment EEG signals, which were then concatenated into delta, theta, alpha, and beta bands and transformed into images. Using these images, we then fine tuned a hybrid Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) that is enhanced with bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BLSTM) cells based on transfer learning (TL). The Inception-v3, ResNet18, DenseNet121, and EfficientNet-B0 models are implemented as base models. Finally, the models are followed by BiLSTM and dense layers in order to classify responders and non-responders to SSRI treatment. Results showed that the EfficiencyNet-B0 has the highest accuracy of 98.33, followed by DensNet121, ResNet18 and Inception-v3. Therefore, a new method was proposed in this study that uses deep learning models to extract both spatial and temporal features automatically, which will improve classification results. The proposed method provides accurate identification of MDD patients who are responding, thereby reducing the cost of medical facilities and patient care.
The need to implement noise reduction measurements in a neonatal intensive care unit in hospitals in low and middle-income countries – A case study
Authors: Pozo David Emmanuel Del , Donoso Natalia Carolina , Ojeda Galo Antonio , Valle Bryan Gabriel , Gázquez Manuel Jesús
Published: May 2023

Purpose Improving the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) noise conditions in public hospitals is challenging, especially in low- and middle-income countries. The Isidro Ayora General Hospital in Loja-Ecuador does not fall out of this reality. Therefore, this case study evaluates the noise levels in a NICU of a public hospital and proposes a noise mitigation program based on the obtained results.Methods A descriptive, observational, and quantitative study was carried out to determine the A decibels to which newborns at two NICUs are exposed. An HD2010UC/A Class 1 integrating portable sound level meter was used to detect noise pollution. Data were recorded in 60 seconds intervals during 24 continuous hours for 7 days. The device was placed at the basic (NICU-B) and intensive-intermediate (NICU-IEI) units, considering height and wall proximity.Results In the NICU-B maximum and minimum values were 74.1 and 49.7 dBA; an equivalent daily noise level of 49.3 dBA was recorded. In the NICU-IEI, values were between 71.4 dBA and 47.9 dBA, and the equivalent daily noise level was 53.1 dBA. These results exceed the recommended levels by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Ecuadorian Ministerial Agreement 097-A, Regulatory Annex 5.Conclusions Other studies evaluating noise levels in other public hospitals in Ecuador or low and middle-income countries are necessary to support these findings. Noise levels in neonatal rooms should be known to implement noise reduction measurements such as incubators with effective acoustic attenuation characteristics, earmuffs to be used on neonates, periodical strict noise controls, etc.
Deep Learning Approaches for Time-resolved Laser Absorptance Prediction in Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Jiang Runbo , Smith John , Yi Yu-Tsen , Sun Tao , Simonds Brian , Rollett Anthony
Published: May 2023

The quantification of absorbed light is essential for understanding laser-material interactions and melt pool dynamics in order to minimize defects in additively manufactured metal components. The geometry of a vapor depression, also known as a keyhole, in melt pools formed during laser melting is closely related to laser energy absorption. This relationship has been observed by the state-of-the-art in situ high speed synchrotron x-ray visualization and integrating sphere radiometry. These two techniques create a temporally resolved dataset consisting of keyhole images and corresponding laser absorptance. In this work, we propose two different approaches to predict laser absorptance. The end-to-end approach uses deep convolutional neural networks to learn features of unprocessed x-ray images automatically without human supervision and predict the laser energy absorptance. The two-stage approach uses a semantic segmentation model to engineer geometric features and predict absorptance using classical regression models. Though with different advantages, both approaches reached a smooth mean absolute error less than 3.4%.
Deep Autoencoder-based Multivariate Outlier Detection for the Classification of Hypertension: Case study COVID-19
Authors: Dashdondov Khongorzul , Kim Mi-Hye , Song Mi-Hwa
Published: May 2023

Background In recent years, the incidence of hypertension has increased dramatically in both the elderly and young populations. The incidence of hypertension also increased with the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aims of this study to improve the prediction of hypertension detection using a multivariate outlier removal method based on the deep autoencoder (DAE) method on Korean national health data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) database. Several studies have identified various risk factors for chronic hypertension. Chronic diseases are often multifactorial rather than single and have been identified to be associated with COVID-19. Therefore, it is necessary to study disease detection by considering complex factors.Methods This study was divided into two modules. The first module, data pre-processing, initially integrated external features for COVID-19 patients merged by region, age, and gender value for KHNANE-2020 year and Kaggle data. Following performed multicollinearity-based feature selection for the KNHANES dataset and integrated dataset. The next module uses the predictive analysis step to detect and predict hypertension based on OrdinalEncoder (OE) normalization and multivariate outlier removal using a deep autoencoder from KNHANES data.Results In this study, we compared the accuracy, F1 score, and area under the ROC curve (AUC) of each classification model. The experimental results showed that the proposed XGBoost model achieved the best results with an accuracy rate of 87.78%, an F1 score of 89.95%, and an AUC of 92.28% for COVID-19 cases, and an accuracy rate of 87.72%, an F1 score of 89.94%, and an AUC of 92.23% for non-COVID-19 cases with the DAE_OE model.Conclusions We successfully improved the prediction performance of the classifiers utilized in all of the experiments by developing a high-quality training dataset implementing DAE and OE in our proposed method. Moreover, we experimentally demonstrate how the steps of our proposed method improve performance. The proposed method can be used not only for hypertension but also for the detection of various diseases such as stroke and cardiovascular disease.
Application of Nutritional Prehabilitation in Elderly Patients undergoing Abdominal Tumor Surgery: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Shu-An , Gu Jingyue , Guo Kedi , Yang Jiayao , Chen Xiaotian , Xu Yan
Published: May 2023

Objective
To explore the effect of nutritional prehabilitation on the clinical prognosis of elderly patients undergoing abdominal tumor surgery.
Methods
A prospective cohort study was conducted. Participants were divided into two groups according to whether they received oral nutritional supplementation at the first outpatient visit. The nutritional prehabilitation group (n = 41) adopted nutritional prehabilitation mode, while the control group (n = 55) was treated with routine care-mode. All patients underwent laparoscopic surgery according to National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines. The changes of nutritional status, complications, psychological status, hospitalization days and expenditures were compared between the two groups.
Results
Both of the weight of patients in two groups were decreased. The decline of body weight in prehabilitation group was less than control group (-1.87 vs. -2.55 kg, P < 0.01). The improvement of hospital anxiety scale score in the nutritional prehabilitation group was significant. (4.78 vs. 5.31, P = 0.01). The infection rate of nutritional prehabilitation group was lower than that of control group (17.07% vs. 36.36%, P = 0.04). At discharge, patients in the nutritional prehabilitation group had significantly fewer hospitalization days (14.29 vs. 17.11 d, P = 0.03).
Conclusion
In elderly patients undergoing abdominal tumor surgery, nutritional prehabilitation model may help maintain better physical and mental status,reducing infection rate and shorten hospitalization days.
Tomography of memory engrams in self-organizing nanowire connectomes
Authors: Ricciardi Carlo , Milano Gianluca , Cultrera Alessandro , Boarino Luca , Callegaro Luca
Published: May 2023

Self-organizing memristive nanowire connectomes have been exploited for physical (in materia) implementation of brain-inspired computing paradigms. Despite the emergent behavior was shown to rely on weight plasticity at single junction/synapse level and wiring plasticity involving topological changes, a shift to multiterminal paradigms is needed to unveil dynamics at the network level. Here, we report on tomographical evidence of memory engrams(or memory traces) in nanowire connectomes, i.e., chemical and physical changes in biological neural substrates supposed to endow the representation of experience stored in the brain. An experimental/modeling approach shows that spatially correlated short-term plasticity effects can turn into long-lasting engram memory patterns inherently related to network topology inhomogeneities. The ability to exploit both encoding and consolidation of information on the same physical substrate would open radically new perspectives for in materiacomputing, while offering to neuroscientists an alternative platform to understand the role of memory in learning and knowledge.
Intrapulmonary ectopic thymoma with severe myasthenia gravis after thymoma surgery: A case report and literature review
Authors: Yang Xin , Li JinYao , He Weiwei , Xiong Cheng , Huang ZhiQiang , Yang ShuangFeng , Wang Xiaoming
Published: May 2023

Background: Ectopic thymoma are rare thymic tumorslocated in regions other than the anterior mediastinum. It is even rarer to find patients with intrapulmonary ectopic thymoma and myasthenia gravis . In particular, patients with pulmonary masses with pulmonary symptoms such as cough, sputum, and dyspnea are highly susceptible to misdiagnosis. Here, we report the clinical data, tumor pathology, treatment, and prognosis of a patient with intrapulmonary ectopic thymoma and myasthenia gravis after thymoma surgery and review the relevant literature.
Case presentation: Forty-five days ago, a 54-year-old female patient with a 12-year earlier clinical diagnosis of myasthenia gravis (type II) with thymoma (type B1) and thymoma resection presented with ptosis of the right upper eyelid with double vision. Enhanced chest computed tomography revealed a tumorous lesion in the supraglottic segment of the upper lobe of the left lung. After wedge resection of the upper lobe of the lung, the pathological biopsy and immunohistochemistry suggested pulmonary thymoma (mainly type B3). After surgery, the patient was treated with long-term oral pyridostigmine bromide combined with adjuvant radiation therapy.
Discussions and Conclusion: This case report and review of the related literature show that even after removal for thymoma, there is a possibility of recurrence and unexpected sites of recurrence, such as the lungs.It is also important to consider the possibility of other rare neurological diseases such as thymoma located in the lungs in addition to lung tumors in patients with pulmonary masses, whether the patient presents with or without myasthenia gravis.Early lung biopsy can lead to early identification and treatment of the disease.This case provide a reference for the clinical diagnosis of intrapulmonary ectopic thymoma and improve its clinical treatment.
WITHDRAWN: A case presenting with thyrotoxicosis, which is thought to be related to radiation-induced thyroiditis radiation-induced thyroiditis
Authors: Boyacı İhsan
Published: May 2023

Background: Thyrotoxicosis is characterized by diverse symptoms, various etiological causes, and a number of different treatment options. Rational and appropriate treatment requires an accurate diagnosis. A well-made differential diagnosis and consideration of concomitant medical conditions are essential for an accurate diagnosis. We present a detailed differential diagnosis of an instructive case with thyrotoxicosis onset which might be associated with more than one etiological factor.Case Report: A 45-year-old woman who received chemoradiotherapy for a known laryngeal tumor was admitted with complaints of palpitation, tremor, sweating, and amenorrhea. She had also been using lithium for nearly two years with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder. On examination, she was pale, with tremors, and sweaty. Her heartbeat was 124 beats/min. The thyroid was nonpalpable. TSH was suppressed, free T3 and free T4 were high. TSHR-Ab and autoantibodies were not detected. Acute phase reactants were found to be normal. Bilateral thyroid lobes and size of isthmus were normal in thyroid ultrasonography. The technetium uptake level was determined as 0%. In the etiology, it was thought that the case of thyrotoxicosis, which developed based on radiotherapy-induced thyroiditis, developed hypothyroidism over time due to permanent damage to the thyroid follicles. L-thyroxine was started in the hypothyroid phase, euthyroid was provided with 75 µg and she was followed up.Conclusion: For a rational treatment and follow-up, the etiology must be determined precisely. For this, a detailed anamnesis, a comprehensive physical examination, and rational, cost-effective, and good laboratory practices are required. It should be kept in mind that thyrotoxicosis may pass into the hypothyroid phase in the follow-up. The fact that each step contains clinical lessons and that it is an educational and instructive case necessitated presenting it.
Conjugated microporous polymers containing benzothiazole groups for the efficient removal of RhB from water
Authors: Yuan Yu , Yang Zhishun , Chen Wenwen , Deng Chenghuai , Cai Jingyu , Xiao Longqiang , Zhao Yulai , Hou Linxi
Published: May 2023

Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) are widely used as adsorbents due to their unique advantages, including microporous structure, large π-conjugated system, and structural stability. In this study, three types of CMP adsorbents (B-BTD-CMPs) containing different amounts of benzothiadiazole groups were obtained through Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling polycondensation reactions to investigate their performances in organic dye removal. The high charge density of nitrogen atoms in benzothiadiazole groups facilitates binding of small molecule dyes through a variety of non-covalent interactions. The results showed B-BTD-1,2,4,5, which containing the most benzothiadiazole groups, had the highest adsorption capacity of for rhodamine B (RhB) up to 531.20 mg g− 1. Furthermore, the adsorption performances of these CMPs on RhB under acidic, neutral, and basic conditions were almost identical, suggesting excellent acid and alkaline resistance. The adsorption capacity of CMPs decreased by less than 10% after five cycles, indicating excellent cyclic stability. It can be deduced that B-BTD-CMPs with stable structures and properties are excellent candidate adsorbents for dye wastewater treatment. This study also demonstrates that introducing N-containing functional groups into porous polymers is beneficial for the adsorption of small-molecule dyes, providing new design ideas for absorbents for dye wastewater treatment.
Application of Artificial Intelligence for Forecasting Surface Quality Index of Irrigation Systems in the Red River Delta, Vietnam
Authors: Duc Phong , Ha Duong Hai , Ngoc Thang Trinh , Minh Tu Nguyen
Published: May 2023

Water sources for irrigation systems in the Red River Delta are very important for the socio-economic development of localities in the region. In recent years, the water source has been polluted due to human activities (discharge), and the water source upstream is limited. Currently, the irrigation systems in the study area, in addition to supplying water for agriculture, also supply water for domestic, industrial, and service purposes. To assess the quality of surface water in irrigation systems for different purposes. Usually, the surface water quality index (WQI) is used, which is calculated from many surface water quality parameters (physical, chemical, microbiological, heavy metal, etc.). However, the calculation of WQI from water quality monitoring parameters is still limited due to the need for many monitoring parameters and the fact that the calculation is relatively complicated. Finding an effective WQI calculation method is very important and necessary to better serve the assessment of surface water quality for the study area. This study will apply machine learning and deep learning algorithms (models) to calculate WQI based on input data (minimum water quality parameters) to reduce surface water quality monitoring costs. The study applied the Bayesian method (BMA) to select optimal water quality parameters (BOD5, NH4+, PO43−, turbidity, TSS, Coliform and DO) to calculate WQI. The results show that the machine learning model has better predictive results than the deep learning model. The gradient boosting model has the most accurate prediction results; these models have high accuracy, ranging from 84–96%.