bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Minimally invasive intervention for gynecomastia excision: two case reports
Authors: Elsakka Mohamed , Louri Nayef
Published: October 2024

Gynecomastia is characterized by abnormal and excessive development of breast tissue in male patients. Depending on the volume of the breasts and the amount of excess skin, it may be unilateral or bilateral. Surgery is considered the standard of care, with several techniques documented, including different types of incisions made in the periareolar or intra-areolar skin. The most common surgical technique is conventional open surgery, which utilizes a semicircular inferior periareolar incision. To achieve superior aesthetic outcomes, various alternatives to open surgery have been proposed, including vacuum-assisted excision, endoscopic mastectomy, and liposuction Herein, we present two cases involving male patients, aged 29 and 24, who reported bilateral breast enlargement. We used the same incision for both liposuction and glandular excision. Our patients underwent combined liposuction on two planes: subcutaneous and subglandular, accompanied by sharp parenchymal excision. These small incisions, measuring 1–1.5 cm, are discreetly placed within the inframammary fold across the breast width. The patients experienced an uneventful recovery without any complications.
Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in implant breast reconstruction
Authors: Han Woo Yeon
Published: October 2024

Implant infection is the most common and serious complication in implant-based breast reconstruction. To prevent infection, many surgeons have adopted a perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis regimen for managing patients. However, there has been considerable debate regarding the duration of antibiotic prophylaxis. After reading this article, plastic surgeons should manage their patients with an understanding of the evidence supporting perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis.
Computation and analysis of optimal disturbances of periodic solution of the hepatitis B dynamics model
Authors: Khristichenko Michael Yu. , Mironov Ilya V. , Nechepurenko Yuri M. , Grebennikov Dmitry S. , Bocharov Gennady A.
Published: October 2024

Optimal disturbances of the periodic solution of the hepatitis B dynamics model corresponding to the chronic recurrent form of the disease are found. The dependence of the optimal disturbance on the phase of periodic solution is analyzed. Four phases of the solution are considered, they correspond to clinically different periods of development of the immune response and severity of the disease, namely, activation of antiviral immune reactions, attenuation of reactions, peak and minimum viral load. The possibility of using optimal disturbances to exit the domain of attraction of the considered periodic solution using minimal impact is studied. The components of disturbances that may underlie the phenomenon of spontaneous recovery from chronic hepatitis B observed in clinical practice are identified.
Refining uniform approximation algorithm for low-rank Chebyshev embeddings
Authors: Morozov Stanislav , Zheltkov Dmitry , Osinsky Alexander
Published: October 2024

Nowadays, low-rank approximations are a critical component of many numerical procedures. Traditionally the problem of low-rank approximation of matrices is solved in unitary invariant norms such as Frobenius or spectral norm due to the existence of efficient methods for constructing approximations. However, recent results discover the potential of low-rank approximations in the Chebyshev norm, which naturally arises in many applications. In this paper, we investigate the problem of uniform approximation of vectors, which is the main component in the low-rank approximations of matrices in the Chebyshev norm. The principal novelty of this paper is the accelerated algorithm for solving uniform approximation problems. We also analyze the iterative procedure of the proposed algorithm and demonstrate that it has a geometric convergence rate. Finally, we provide an extensive numerical evaluation, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed procedures.
Religionsmusikologie als Teildisziplin der Religionswissenschaft
Authors: Ragnitz Clara
Published: October 2024

‚Musik‘ ist ein elementarer, wenngleich wenig erforschter, Bestandteil religiöser Praxis. Daher wird in den aktuellen Stand der Religionsmusikologie als Teildisziplin der Religionswissenschaft sowie den neueren Forschungsstand eingeführt. Dieser wird anhand der zuvor aufgestellten Kriterien einer musikphilosophisch grundierten Arbeitsdefinition von Musik auf seine religionswissenschaftliche Haltbarkeit überprüft. Anhand der hierin festgestellten Desiderata sowie Monita wird daraufhin programmatisch entworfen, was die Religionsmusikologie für die Religionswissenschaft leisten kann. Hierfür wird die Bezugsdisziplin Musikwissenschaft sowie ihre relevanten Teildisziplinen inklusive der kulturwissenschaftlichen Atmosphärenforschung herangezogen, um einen Impuls für die religionswissenschaftliche Erforschung von Musik in religiöser Praxis zu liefern. Ausgehend von der Arbeitsdefinition von Musik als affektive Kommunikation, welche anhand etischer Termini intersubjektiv zugänglich gemacht und analysiert werden kann, wird dafür plädiert, einen diskursiven Ansatz zu wählen. Die intentionale Nutzung von Musik wird somit als klanglich-kommunikativer Aspekt religiöser Praxis anerkannt, dem – gemäß der Komplexität des Phänomens – mit einem breiten methodischen sowie theoretisch fundierten Instrumentarium begegnet werden muss, welches aus den musikwissenschaftlichen Bezugsdisziplinen geschöpft werden kann.
How a New Sufi Movement Globalized
Authors: Korom Frank J.
Published: October 2024

When a charismatic Sri Lankan holy man moved to Philadelphia in the early 1970s and set up a new branch of his movement, he began a process of adaptation to the North American context that has continued since his death. Within the new Bawa Muhaiyaddeen Fellowship, adherents in favor of a more liberal style of worship have clashed with a stricter official interpretation of the founder’s views on Islamic requirements, while relations with the original Sri Lankan organization have also experienced frictions. The history of the fellowship is a case study in how the globalization of religion results in heterogeneous versions of a common faith.
Features of labour education of students in modern social and educational environments
Authors:   Management Academy of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation, Milkevich Oksana Anatolyevna
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The article presents the results of investigating the problem of labor education in the context of current changes in the social and educational environments. The purpose of the article is to identify the features of labor education in modern social and educational spheres from the standpoint of continuity of the tasks of its implementation at various levels of education and consistency with the tasks of general education. Materials and Methods. The theoretical research methods include sources analysis and analysis of educational programs for different levels of education. Empirical research methods used in the study include exploration of teaching experience and a questionnaire. The survey involved: 8,850 preschool teachers from 53 regions of the Russian Federation; 317,166 parents (legal representatives) of preschool-age children from 87 regions of the country; 4,913 deputy directors of comprehensive schools, representing 61 regions; 190,080 parents of school-age students, representing 88 regions. Results. The conducted research revealed: insufficient formalization of theoretical provisions; disunity of existing individual practices of labor education, their insufficient continuity at different levels of education and consistency with the tasks of general education; low activity of parents in the implementation of tasks of labor education as the child develops, vagueness of parents’ ideas about the significance and content of labor education at different levels of education. Methodological bases and conditions for the implementation of labor education in modern social and educational environments are formulated. Conclusions. The identified features of labor education at the present stage reflect the insufficient development of theoretical and methodological foundations for organizing labor education of students and actualize the need for further study of the problem, as well as the development of a model of labor education taking into account continuity at various levels of education and consistency with the priority tasks of general, secondary vocational education and model (federal) educational programs.
Application of Transit Oriented Development (TOD)Concept in Gelora Bung Karno Area
Authors: Taki Herika Muhamad
Published: October 2024

In the present era, many individuals rely on public transportation to meet their daily needs, particularly in Jakarta, Indonesia. Various options, such as trains and buses, serve as the primary choices for public transportation. This study, which focuses on the Gelora Bung Karno Stadium (GBK) area, explores the implementation of the Transit Oriented Development (TOD) concept. TOD is a planning strategy that aims to create compact, mixed-use communities centered around transit stations, with the intention to enhance economic growth, facilitate access to integrated public transportation, and reduce reliance on private vehicles to mitigate air pollution levels in the city. The research findings indicate that applying this concept can positively impact economic development and the efficiency of public transportation while concurrently fostering a cleaner and more sustainable environment for urban communities. This study is pertinent to current dynamics, where an increasing number of individuals are opting for public transportation as a primary solution to address urban mobility challenges.
Identification of Sustainable Contractor Supply Chain Patterns in Tasikmalaya City
Authors: Agi R. Hendardi  , Dicky Nurmayadi  , Thoriq Mustaqim
Published: October 2024

The current supply chain is not just an activity but has moved towards effectiveness and efficiency of performance called the sustainable supply chain. With the threat of inefficiency, construction service business actors are expected to be able to manage the supply chain of their respective businesses. Specifically for the construction industry in Tasikmalaya City to manage the construction supply chain, this study was conducted with the title Identification of Sustainable Construction Supply Chain Patterns in Projects in Tasikmalaya City. This study aims to identify the supply chain system patterns of construction service companies, especially contractors, and what development patterns can be carried out by construction service companies to increase the competitiveness of construction service businesses in Indonesia through literature reviews and case studies on contractor companies in Tasikmalaya. This research method uses descriptive microanalysis from the results of semi-structured interviews. Data collection will be collected by direct interviews with construction project owners or managers in their respective projects. Based on the results of descriptive analysis of the information obtained, a general model is compiled that describes how the supply chain system pattern is carried out. The preparation of the supply chain pattern resulting from the identification will refer to the pattern developed by Susilawati in previous research, where the supply chain pattern has a relationship from the owner to the lowest subcontractor. This study identified three supply chain patterns where the pattern has a maximum of 4 tiers, and the selection of the supply chain pattern is based on the type of project being worked on and the company's ability to manage the project. The critical points for building an integrated supply chain are knowing the value desired by the client, building long-term relationships with suppliers, integrating activities, collaborating to manage costs, developing continuous improvement, and mobilizing and developing human resources.
Protocolo. Primera sesión: Reflexiones alrededor de la tecnología y el buen uso de inteligencia artificial. Conferencistas: Daniel Duarte Arias y Rodrigo Cortés Borrero
Authors: Pinillos Puentes Juan David
Published: October 2024

Las universidades de la Orinoquía se han convertido progresivamente en una plataforma de desarrollo de la región. Sin embargo, es necesario continuar fortaleciendo las redes académicas que permitan el acceso a una “educación inclusiva y equitativa de calidad [que promueva] oportunidades de aprendizaje permanente para todos en América Latina y el Caribe”[1], éstas constituyen aportes para la comprensión de los problemas del territorio y sus oportunidades. Para tales efectos se busca la consolidación de la red de humanidades de la Orinoquía en la modalidad de Coloquio permanente de ciencias sociales y humanas como respuesta a la necesidad de la región y de la agenda 2030. El Coloquio Permanente de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas es un evento organizado por el Departamento de Humanidades y Formación Integral de la Universidad Santo Tomás seccional Villavicencio con el liderazgo del Grupo de investigación Humanidades digitales, formación y construcción de paz territorial (ÁBA). La presente versión es realizada en alianza con la Universidad de San Buenaventura Bogotá. Un evento dirigido a investigadores, docentes y toda la comunidad académica Nacional e internacional que busca lograr el intercambio de conocimiento y experiencias útiles a los temas propios de las Ciencias Sociales y Humanas, los proyectos de investigación y sus diferentes modalidades.
The Black Coptic Church: Race and Imagination in a New Religion, by Leonard Cornell McKinnis II
Authors: Keyes Vance D
Published: October 2024

The Black Coptic Church: Race and Imagination in a New Religion, by Leonard Cornell McKinnis II
New Religious Movements and Comparative Religion, by Olav Hammer and Karen Swartz-Hammer
Authors: Cusack Carole M
Published: October 2024

New Religious Movements and Comparative Religion, by Olav Hammer and Karen Swartz-Hammer. Cambridge Elements. 2024. Pb. 72pp. $20.00. ISBN-13: 978-1-009-50074-6 (Hb.); 978-1-009-01459-5 (Pb.)
New Religious Movements: The Basics, by Joseph P. Laycock
Authors: Cusack Carole M
Published: October 2024

New Religious Movements: The Basics, by Joseph P. Laycock. Routledge, 2022. ebook. 146pp. $14.99. ISBN-13: 978-1-032-10207-8 (Hb.); 978-1-032-10208-5 (Pb.); 978-1-003-21421-2 (eBook)
Representing Religion in Film, edited by Tenzan Eaghll and Rebekka King
Authors: Cusack Carole M
Published: October 2024

Representing Religion in Film, edited by Tenzan Eaghll and Rebekka King. Bloomsbury Academic, 2022. ePDF. 250pp. $19.49. ISBN-13: 9781350140813 (Hb.); 9781350140806 (Pb.); 9781350140820 (eBook)
Double Decolonization
Authors: Guo Ting
Published: October 2024

Following the outbreak of COVID-19, there emerged a popular narrative that East Asians are submissively complying control measures because they have been conditioned by Confucianism. Taking this narrative as a point of departure, this article reflects on why and how East Asia has been essentialized as a historical and distant other and left out of post-decolonial conversations from a religious studies perspective. Proposing a framework of “double decolonization,” the article historicizes the co-production of such orientalist narrative by both global and regional hegemonies for nationalistic, imperialistic, or other ideological reasons, hence the need to double-decolonize such essentialization. Furthermore, this article emphasizes the diffused and socially engaged nature of East Asia religions against acontextual imaginations underlying the World Religions Paradigm (WRP) and introduces the notion of “transnationally Asian” to highlight the transnational nature of local hegemonies and the transnational formation of agency against such hegemonies.
Embracing Complexity
Authors: Biano Ilaria W
Published: October 2024

The aim of the article is to propose a posthumanist approach to the issue of (non/religious) identity. Reflections at the intersection between post-humanism, study of religion, and identities help to better understand and clarify how core elements of posthumanism such as the decentring and relativization of the Human and the Anthropos do not mean that human beings don’t matter at all, but they point out a specific, supposedly universal concept of Man. In this sense, central is an intersectional approach to identity and difference. While identity has always been constructed on dichotomies, Posthumanism, following previous forms of deconstruction, emphasizes the multiplicity of identities, their constructedness, and their constant multiple recombinations in innovative forms. An integrated posthumanist approach to the intersection of different aspects and components of identity, including non/religious ones, has the potential for highlighting both the idea that identity is not a monolithic concept, and the risks linked to a reification of something ultimately constructed—as it happens with identity politics, but also with its critics.
Effect of perceptual training without feedback on bilingual speech perception
Authors: Black Martha R. , Rato Anabela , Rafat Yasaman
Published: October 2024

This study examines the effect of perceptual training without feedback on the discrimination of the Spanish stop-approximant contrasts [b]–[B], [d]–[ð], and [g]–[y]. Of interest is if the aural repetition of target stimuli improves discrimination accuracy, how many repetitions are needed to observe a significant increase in perceptual discrimination accuracy, and if there is an effect of contrast type. Perception of the Spanish target phones was assessed in adult native (L1) Spanish speakers (n = 10) and L1 English bilingual learners of L2 Spanish (n = 23) via VCV nonwords over six blocks of 10 trials, featuring Spanish approximants and voiced stops in an AX discrimination task. Results indicate a significant effect of aural stimulus repetition on discrimination accuracy scores improvement. Significant improvements were observed for all three contrasts, with discrimination gradually improving across blocks. The data indicated that the [y]–[g] contrast was the most difficult contrast and exhibited the highest rate of discrimination accuracy improvement. Discrimination accuracy score improvements were also significantly larger for L1 English listeners in comparison with the L1 Spanish listeners for this contrast.
Vowel qualities in monosyllabic words in Namibian English
Authors: Saloranta Antti , Haapanen Katja , Peltola Kimmo U. , Tamminen Henna , Uwu-khaeb Lannie , Peltola Maija S.
Published: October 2024

This study investigated how Namibian English speakers produce vowel qualities in controlled speech. Participants were 14 proficient Namibian English speakers, who produced monosyllabic English CVC words, presented in orthographic form. The first and second formant values were extracted from the speakers’ productions to determine the vowel qualities in each word. The formant values produced by the Namibian English speakers were then compared to those produced by nine British English speakers, obtained from a previous study, in order to examine how Namibian English vowel qualities relate to British English vowel categories. The results showed a great deal of variation and overlap in the Namibian vowel categories, particularly in the close front vowels and open and close back vowels. This resulted in the formation of five to six clusters of vowel qualities. This is likely an effect of the varied linguistic backgrounds of the participants. Furthermore, the Namibian English vowels differed significantly from most British English vowels, especially in the F2 formant. Some commonalities with earlier research into Namibian English vowel qualities was found in the fronting, backing and mergers of some vowel categories.
Taste, Culture and History
Authors: Mennell Stephen
Published: October 2024

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How to engage
Authors: Eilittä Tiina
Published: October 2024

This paper studies how children initiate telling-on sequences in kindergartens. The focus is on multimodal practices that children (6–7-year-olds) employ when engaging adults (teachers/caregivers) and peers in the telling-on sequences. The paper demonstrates how children utilise varying multimodal resources as well as display their moral stances in their telling-ons to recruit the adults’ intervention in the conflicts. The analyses also illustrate how the varying participation frameworks co-constructed by the participants have the potential to influence the organisation of the telling-ons and overall conflict resolution. The findings are based on video-recorded naturally occurring interactions in an English-speaking kindergarten in Finland. The data are analysed using the principles of multimodal conversation analysis.
Revisión bibliográfica del consumo de curcumina presente en la Curcuma “Curcuma longa” para la prevención y/o tratamiento de enfermedades hepáticas
Authors: Verbel J , Barreto K , Barreto G , Castro F
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: El principal objetivo del presente trabajo, es revisar los beneficios reportados en la literatura científica en la última década sobre el consumo de curcumina presente en la Curcuma longa en la prevención y/o tratamiento de enfermedades hepáticas. Estrategia de búsqueda: Búsqueda minuciosa en las principales bases de datos científicas utilizando como palabras clave Curcuma longa, curcumin, liver diseases, prevention, treatment. Análisis de artículos publicados y documentos científicos. Criterios de inclusión: revisiones bibliográficas, estudios experimentales, cuasiexperimentales o ensayos clínicos publicados entre 2013 y marzo de 2023, donde se analizará, como objetivo principal, los beneficios de la curcuma longa en la prevención y/o tratamiento de enfermedades hepáticas. Resultados: Existen diferentes estudios que demuestran el potencial antioxidante de la curcumina al aumentar la expresión de enzimas antioxidantes (Glutatión, glutatión-sintasa (GTS), citocromo P450 oxidasa (CYP-450)) o inhibiendo directamente aquellas enzimas culpables del daño oxidativo como la metaloproteinasa-8 (MMP-8) y hemooxigenasa-1 (HO-1). Además de poseer una capacidad antiinflamatoria al inhibir la ciclooxigenasa-2 (COX-2) factor NF-κB, prostaglandina tipo 2 (PGE 2) y TNF e Interleucina-1 beta (IL-1β). Conclusiones: La curcumina influye en la expresión de enzimas relacionadas con procesos redox al neutralizar especies reactivas de oxígeno, las cuales a largo plazo puede ser una de las principales causas del daño en las funciones hepáticas.
Pautas de crianza: una revision en America Latina (2013-2023)
Authors: Rincones Gámez Ailyn Stephany , Rincones Gámez Ailyn Stephany , Duarte Orozco Mario Alejandro
Published: October 2024

Las pautas de crianza son esenciales en el desarrollo social, emocional y afectivo de niños, niñas y adolescente, a que contribuyen a la formación de adultos con prácticas saludables en su entorno. Este artículo de revisión tiene como objetivo explorar teóricamente las investigaciones realizadas sobre las pautas de crianza en América Latina durante los últimos 10 años. Se llevó a cabo una investigación documental para recopilar información relevante, analizando en detalle los datos más significativos presentes en tesis, maestrías, artículos y especializaciones realizadas en la región. Los resultados se presentan en tres categorías principales, respaldados por aportes teóricos de diversos autores y una selección de fuentes, centrándose principalmente en las pautas de crianza y los comportamientos en entornos cercanos. Se consideran los aspectos más relevantes de las investigaciones, se llevan a cabo discusiones y comparaciones entre diferentes autores, y finalmente se presentan algunas consideraciones en la conclusión de la revisión.
Strategic management accounting and strategic analysis as tools for ensuring the efficiency of business entities and their competitiveness
Authors: Купріна Наталія , Баранюк Христина
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study is the need to apply a system of effective tools for the economic transformation of subjects of the national economy in modern conditions in order to ensure their competitiveness and efficiency of functioning. The article proves and verifies the hypothesis about the need to use strategic analysis and strategic management accounting as  necessary and justified tools for the persistent transformation of subjects of the national economy in the modern conditions of their management. The necessity of using the McKinsey method for strategic analysis of business entities at the macro- and meso-level has been proven. It has been substantiated that in order to ensure the assessment and control of the persistent transformation of business entities, it is necessary to apply strategic management accounting at all levels of their research.
Передумови формування і розвитку людського капіталу в контексті цифровізації світової економіки
Authors: Кошечкін Артемій
Published: October 2024

У цій статті детально розглядається, як швидка цифровізація світової економіки докорінно змінює спосіб ведення бізнесу та зумовлює необхідність переосмислення ролі людського капіталу. Автори аналізують умови та фактори формування та розвитку людського капіталу в умовах глобальної цифровізації, приділяючи особливу увагу еволюції людського капіталу в цифрову епоху. Досліджуються чинники, що визначають його структуру, та особливості трансформації індивідуальних потреб під впливом технологічного прогресу. Підкреслюється, що характер роботи кардинально змінюється в міру того, як організації впроваджують цифрові технології та автоматизацію, що змушує їх переосмислювати традиційні підходи до створення робочих місць і формувати нові професії, які вимагають передових цифрових навичок. Ці зміни матимуть значний вплив на структуру робочої сили та формування навичок, необхідних для забезпечення конкурентоспроможності в цифровій економіці.
Stress granules formation in HEI-OC1 auditory cells and in H4 human neuroglioma cells secondary to cisplatin exposure
Authors: Abdelrasol Hebatallah , Chopra Avika , Shvachiy Liana , Beutner Dirk , Outeiro Tiago F , Setz Cristian
Published: October 2024

Stress granules (SGs) are highly dynamic micromolecular membraneless condensates that generate in cells subjected to stress. Formed from pools of untranslating messenger ribonucleoproteins (RNP), SGs dynamics constitute vital processes essential for cell survival. Here, we investigate whether established cytotoxic agents, such as the platinum-based chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin and the aminoglycoside antibiotic gentamicin, elicit SG formation in the House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti-1 (HEI-OC1) auditory cell line, H4 human neuroglioma cells and HEK-293T human embryonic kidney cells. Cells were treated with cisplatin or gentamicin for specific durations at designated concentrations. SG formation was assessed using immunocytochemistry and live cell imaging. Levels of essential proteins involved in SG assembly were evaluated using immunoblotting. We observed cisplatin-associated SG assembly in HEI-OC1 and H4 cells via confocal microscopy through antibody colabeling of G3BP1 with PABP or Caprin1. While maintaining an unchanged pattern of expression of main constituent SG proteins, cisplatin-related SGs in H4 cells persisted for at least 12 h after drug removal. Cells subjected to gentamicin exposure did not exhibit SGs. Our findings offer insights into subcellular mechanisms related to cisplatin-associated cytotoxicity, highlighting the need for future studies to further investigate this stress-response mechanism.
Influence of Prophylactic Ankle Bracing on Knee Joint Moments and Ground Reaction Forces during Side-step Cutting Tasks
Authors: Yang Hyung Suk , Boros Rhonda , Roncesvalles Nida , Park Yoonjung
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVES Prophylactic ankle bracing is widely used to prevent ankle sprains, but its effects on knee joint mechanics, particularly regarding ACL injury risk, are less understood. This study aimed to investigate the influence of ankle bracing on knee joint kinetics and ground reaction forces (GRFs) during a 90° side-step cutting task.METHODS Thirty physically active participants (15 males, 15 females) performed cutting trials under braced and unbraced conditions. Knee flexion, abduction, and internal rotation moments, along with mediolateral, anteroposterior, and vertical GRFs, were measured using a motion analysis system and a force plate. Paired t tests were conducted to compare the knee joint moments and GRFs between the two conditions.RESULTS The results showed that while ankle bracing did not significantly affect GRFs, it significantly increased knee internal rotation moment (p = 0.003). No significant differences were observed in knee flexion or abduction moments.CONCLUSIONS Ankle bracing, though beneficial for ankle stability, may elevate the risk of ACL injuries during dynamic activities like cutting by increasing knee internal rotation moments. Clinicians and coaches should weigh the benefits of ankle bracing against potential risks to knee health and consider alternative injury prevention strategies focused on neuromuscular control and strength training.
Nominations of the Speaking Process of Finniс Origin in Russian Colloquialisms of Karelia and Neighbouring Regions (Semantic Aspect)
Authors:   Petrozavodsk State University, Petrozavodsk, Kyurshunova Irina A. ,   Institute of Language, Literature, and History of the Karelian Scientific Centre of the RAS, Petrozavodsk
Published: October 2024

This article examines the level of content of dialect nominations of the process of speaking with a Finnic basis. The Russian dialects of Karelia and neighbouring regions testify to the long process of mutual relations between Russians and Vepsians and Karelians, first in centres with a mixed ethnic structure of society, and then in regions considered as Russian, where the processes of language interference were quite active both at the structural and semantic levels. The peculiarity of the studied nominations is their integration along with the native Russian lexemes in the semantic field of “Speaking Person”. It is relevant to consider the specifics of semantic and motivational transformation of borrowed words in the lexical and semantic system of Russian dialects, which serves as the purpose of this study. The article focuses on verb nominations found in Russian lexicographic sources. They are compared with the data revealed in the Vepsian, Karelian, and Finnish languages. In the first stage, based on L. G. Babenko's ideographic description of Russian verbs, the author identifies groups and subgroups of verbs representing different acts of speech activity. Then the author determines methods of semantic transfer of words with Finnic base into the lexical system of Russian dialects. The analysis of the semantics of verbs from the point of view of anthropocentrism show that onomatopoetic lexemes motivated by zoological and natural codes, key in understanding the sounding picture of the human world, were of particular importance.
Political Activities of Roman Senators during the Visigothic Siege of Rome (408–410 AD)
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Zaitseva Еvgeniya S.
Published: October 2024

This article analyses the position of the Roman senatorial aristocracy in the early fifth century, namely in 408–410 AD. Based on a set of sources, primarily, information obtained from the works of Zosimus and Olympiodorus, the author concludes that representatives of the Roman Senate were independent subjects of the political process, especially after the fall of the Stilicho regime, when the aristocrats lost their usual patronage from the central government due to Alaric’s siege of Rome in 408. In their new position, senators needed to quickly get used to performing a wide range of political, primarily diplomatic, functions, and mainly, find ways to reach a compromise on various issues within the class. The actions of the senators, led by Alaric's protйgй Priscus Attalus, to resolve the food crisis in Rome, normalise the situation in the capital and reach a consensus with Honorius' government in Ravenna were unsuccessful. The Roman senators were unable to fulfil their duties because of the discrepancy between their ideas about the conduct of political affairs and reality, the habit of acting on the basis of personal interests, the refusal to act in the interests of the corporation and of Rome as a whole, and ethnic hostility towards the Visigoths. It should also be taken into account that the failure of the Roman senators to pursue an independent policy could be linked to the lack of leaders recognised by all, or at least most, of the senators. Finally, Zosimus' comments on the political incompetence of Roman senators and their economic self-interest in the early fifth century should be treated with caution.
Byzantine Epic of the French Knight Chateaumorand
Authors:   Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Kushch Tatiana V.
Published: October 2024

This article discusses French-Byzantine relations in the late fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries and France's participation in the struggle against Ottoman expansion. The author shows the role of the French knight Jean de Chateaumorand (1352–1429) in the defence of Constantinople. When the Ottomans besieged the Byzantine capital, Emperor Manuel II Palaiologos asked the French King Charles VI for military assistance. In 1399, the king sent a troop of knights to Constantinople under the command of Marshal Boucicaut. Among them was the king’s adviser Jean de Chateaumorand. The knights, in conjunction with the Byzantine warriors, successfully defended the city for a period of six months; however, their endeavours to lift the siege ultimately proved unsuccessful. Following the departure of Manuel II and Marshal Boucicaut for the West, a contingent of the French forces, under the command of Chateaumorand, remained in Constantinople and continued to defend the city for a period of two and a half years. It is evident that the substantial support provided by the French troops was not ultimately decisive. The Byzantine Emperor John VII Palaiologos, who ruled during Manuel II’s stay in Western Europe, provided Chateaumorand with relics and jewels from the imperial treasury as a form of remuneration for his military service. Despite the French sources designating Chateaumorand as the primary saviour of the Byzantine capital, the Byzantine writers do not even mention the involvement of the French knights in the defence, attributing the city’s salvation solely to the intercession of the Mother of God. The history of Chateaumorand’s participation in the struggle against the Ottomans and in the defence of Constantinople demonstrates the distinctive characteristics of French-Byzantine relations during this period and sheds light on crucial aspects of the organisation of the protection of the Byzantine capital, which was besieged by Sultan Bayezid I.
Regulation of Butchery in Medieval Reims
Authors:   Institute of World History RAS, Moscow, Kirillova Ekaterina N.
Published: October 2024

The author examines the regulation of the activities of butchers in Reims, an important political, religious and economic centre of the French kingdom, in the thirteenth–fifteenth centuries. Meat occupied an important place in the diet of medieval townspeople, and the keeping of domestic animals in towns was common practice. However, in conditions of dense development, this often caused dissatisfaction among neighbours and therefore required regulation (regarding the number of animals and the maintenance of cleanliness and order). The article presents various incidents and conflicts related to the meat trade, the arrangement of meat counters in the market, the quality of meat and the right to control it. The protest of the butchers of Reims in 1461 led to the baning of their corporation, which they had to make efforts to restore it in 1467. The city authorities of Reims took great care to regulate the activities of butchers and tripe merchants; they laid down the conditions and rules for slaughtering animals and storing meat, its quality, the rules for storing blood and waste, as well as the places where butchers could work and trade, that served to maintain cleanliness and order in the city and guaranteed the quality of the goods. The right to control butchers and the meat trade belonged to the Archbishop of Reims, the lord of this city, to other landowners within their jurisdiction, the aldermen and, from the mid-fifteenth century, after the approval of the regulations of the butchers’ guild, the control and inspection was mainly carried out by master governors (maistres gouverneurs) of this professional community. The regulation of butchers’ activities was aimed at developing rules of community life that served the common good of the city and its citizens.
Industrial Replication and the Social Order System in the Soviet Art of the Early 1930s: Images of Industrialisation in the Urals
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Kudriavtseva Irina V. ,   Ekaterinburg Museum of Fine Arts, Ekaterinburg, Budrina Ludmila A. ,   Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg
Published: October 2024

This article examines the phenomenon of large-edition art production in the Soviet fine art of the early 1930s. The relevance and proliferation of reproduction and other printing formats were driven by the necessity to develop mass propaganda tools for extensive ideological influence on the viewer and mobilisation of society, including during the era of widespread industrialisation. The objective of this paper is to examine the artistic representation of the industrialisation of the Urals in Soviet posters, mass images, popular prints (lubok) and postcards from the early 1930s, with reference to the system of social commissions and the practice of industrial reproduction in art. This article is based on an analysis of documentary sources, materials of art criticism from the 1930s, and current research from the turn of the twenty-first century. The prerequisites and features of picture and poster art production are outlined in detail. An essential element of this study is the characterisation and analysis of images of the industrialisation of the Urals in poster, mass picture, popular print (lubok) and postcard. This includes the interpretation of individual subjects and an examination of the compositional structure of images. The features and specifics of social commission in the utilisation of industrial methods for the production and distribution of fine art are examined with reference to large-edition art works of the early 1930s and objects of original painting and graphics created for reproduction.
Prince M. M. Shcherbatov — a Russian Statesman of the 18th Century and More. Review of: Kalinina, S. G. (2023). Kniaz’ M. M. Shcherbatov. Podrobnaia illiustrirovannaia biografiia [Prince M. M. Shcherbatov. A Detailed Illustrated Biography]. Moscow: Blok-Print. 376 p., il.
Authors:   Institute of History and Archaeology UB RAS, Ekaterinburg, Kiselev Mikhail A. ,   Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg
Published: October 2024

This review analyses the biography of the celebrated Russian figure of the eighteenth century, historian, journalist, translator and statesman Prince Mikhail Mikhailovich Scherbatov, written by S. G. Kalinina with the utilisation of a substantial source base, and published in 2023. The book provides a comprehensive account of both Shcherbatov’s public and private life. Conversely, it is observed that the reconstruction of Shcherbatov’s intellectual activity, while offering intriguing insights and findings, also encompasses contentious elements. Consequently, it enables us to address the challenge of writing a biography of a figure who occupied both an official and an intellectual role. In addition to recounting his public service, it is necessary to reconstruct the history of his ideas and worldview.
Prevalence of Acute Low Back Pain after Cesarean Delivery in Health Care Centers
Authors:   BPT Intern, Apollo College of Physiotherapy, Anjora, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India., Yadav Prerna , Kumar K. Suraj ,   Assistant Professor, Apollo College of Physiotherapy, Anjora, Durg Chhattisgarh, India., Sahu Seema ,   Assistant Professor, Apollo College of Physiotherapy, Anjora, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India.
Published: October 2024

Background: Low back pain is the common problem faced by mothers after cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia. Application of spinal anesthesia leads to severe acute and chronic low back pain post-delivery. Physiotherapy plays an important role during and after pregnancy as it helps in reducing the incidence of low back pain and others musculoskeletal pain post-delivery. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of acute low back pain after cesarean section and to assess the percentage of population aware about antenatal and postnatal physiotherapy and percentages had taken the treatment in Heath care centers. Materials and methods: Study population comprised of 162 caesarean delivery females out of which 104 were selected of age between 19 to 35 having acute low back pain in postnatal cesarean ward of Heath care centers. Population was chosen through convenient sampling. Data collection tools were modified questionnaire. The data collected was analyzed through SPSS software Version 29.0.2.0(20). Prevalence and awareness were measured through descriptive statistics. Result: 64.1% postpartum caesarean section females had low back pain under spinal anesthesia.18.2% had mild pain,34.6% had moderate pain,30.7% had severe pain and 16.4% had very severe pain. Only18.3% were aware of antenatal and postnatal physiotherapy out of which only 6.7% had taken treatment.81.7% were unaware and 93.3% had not taken physiotherapy treatment. Low back pain is dependent upon Occupation and daily activity of the patient, awareness about antenatal and postnatal treatment is dependent upon educational level and patient age is seen as an associative factor for the patient dependency. Conclusion: Majority of postpartum caesarean delivery females complained of acute low back pain and very less had taken physiotherapy treatment during and after delivery. The majority were unaware about the antenatal and postnatal physiotherapy as they were not recommended by the gynecologist doctors. KEYWORDS: Acute back pain, Caesarean delivery, Spinal anesthesia, Antenatal, Postnatal, Physiotherapy, Awareness.
Compare the Effectiveness of Mime Therapy on Facial Synkinesis in Idiopathic and Traumatic Lower Motor Neuron Facial Palsy
Authors:   MPT, Neurology, Department of Physiotherapy, SRHU, Dehradun, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India., Vijay Vamakshi , Jha Manish Kumar ,   Faculty, Neurology, Department of Physiotherapy, SRHU, Dehradun, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India., Kumar Lovneesh ,   Professor, Department of ENT, SRHU, Dehradun, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India., Jain Muskan ,   MPT, Neurology, Department of Physiotherapy, SRHU, Dehradun, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
Published: October 2024

Background: The seventh cranial nerve has a core function of regulating emotional displays and speech. Facial paralysis, characterized by the loss of voluntary motor control on one or both sides, is commonly attributed to Bell’s palsy which accounts for 50-75% of cases and trauma responsible for 10-23% of cases. Various rehabilitation methods, including Mime Therapy, are employed to enhance facial muscle function. Objective: This study aims to compare Mime Therapy's impact to reduce the synkinesis of a face in individuals with idiopathic and traumatic lower motor neuron facial nerve palsy. Study Design: Experimental, Comparative Study Study Setting: Physiotherapy OPD, Neurology ward, and ENT ward of Himalayan Hospital, Dehradun Participant: This study involved 30 patients, with 20 in Group A (Idiopathic) and 10 in Group B (Traumatic), all of whom had House-Brackmann Scores of 3-5. The patient’s ages ranged from 20 to 70. Outcome Measure: Two outcome measures were used: House Brackmann Score and Sunnybrook Facial Grading System. Result: A noticeable difference in both outcome measures was observed. In the House Brackmann Score for group A (p-value <0.001) and B (p-value=0.016), In Sunnybrook Facial Grading System for group A (p-value<0.001) and B (p-value=0.002). However, when comparing the post-intervention results of both groups, no distinct variation was found in the outcome variables (p-value>0.05). Conclusion: The study provides evidence demonstrating that Mime Therapy has been successful in effectively reducing Facial Synkinesis in patients with both idiopathic and traumatic LMN Facial Palsy. The results indicate a significant improvement in the condition, suggesting that Mime therapy can be an efficacious treatment approach for this type of facial paralysis. KEYWORDS: Mime Therapy, Facial Synkinesis, Idiopathic LMN Facial palsy, Traumatic LMN facial palsy, Bell’s palsy.
CHANGES IN THE MAIN CLIMATIC INDICATORS IN THE FOOTHILL ZONE OF THE NORTH CAUCASUS OVER THE PERIOD 1961–2022
Authors:   High-Mountain Geophysical Institute, Fedchenko Lyudmila M. , Tashilova Alla A. ,   High-Mountain Geophysical Institute, Kesheva Lara A. ,   High-Mountain Geophysical Institute, Teunova Nanaliya V. ,   High-Mountain Geophysical Institute
Published: October 2024

The object of the study is the North Caucasus region, rich in varied natural landscapes and characterized by climatic diversity. The study aims to analyze changes in the temperature and precipitation regimes in the foothill zone of the region. According to the data of 6 weather stations: Buynaksk, Vladikavkaz, Kislovodsk, Nalchik, Stavropol, and Cherkessk, we carried out an analysis of the temperature regime for the period 1961–2022, which showed that the average annual temperatures in the foothill zone of the North Caucasus in this period were positive and fluctuated from 8.3°С at the Kislovodsk weather station to 10.6°С at the Buynaksk weather station. At the beginning of the 21st century (2001–2022), the average annual air temperature increased and amounted to 9.2°С at the Kislovodsk weather station and 11.6°С at the Buynaksk weather station, which is statistically significantly higher than in the period 1961–2000, when the average annual temperature was 7.8°C and 10.0°C, respectively. Average annual temperature anomalies were calculated for the entire observation period. The largest deviation from the norm was recorded in 2010, due to the high anomaly in summer (+3.7°C). To assess the trend in the temperature regime changes, linear trends were constructed for the entire period of 1961–2022 and two sub-periods. The analysis showed that in the period 1961–2022, exclusively positive trends were observed, while in the sub-periods, negative trends in temperature change were also evident, where March was especially prominent, with negative values of the linear trend at all the stations in the foothill zone at the beginning of the present century. An analysis of seasonal and annual precipitation for the period 1961–2022 showed that, on average, in the foothill zone of the North Caucasus region, the long-term annual precipitation amounted to 637 mm. The calculation of linear trends in annual precipitation totals showed that the change in the precipitation regime was not uniform, there were both positive and negative trends, mostly statistically insignificant.