bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL TERHADAP DOSEN PEMBIMBING DAN KETAKUTAN AKAN KEGAGALAN MAHASISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SKRIPSI
Authors: WAHYUNI LUSSY DWIUTAMI , IRSALINA FAKHRIANI ISTI
Published: January 2018

This study aims to determine the relationship between interpersonal communication to supervisors with the studennts fear of failure in completing undergraduated thesis. The research approach used in this study is quantitative, with the correlation analysis method. Fear of failure is measured by the Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory (PFAI) scale of David E. Conroy (2001) with a reliability of 0.98, while the interpersonal communication scale is adapted from Evi Zuhara (2014) thesis from Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia with a reliability of 0,86. The respondents in this study are 136 students, who are completing the undergraduated thesis in Universitas Negeri Jakarta. The findings indicate there is a relationship between interpersonal communication towards the students fear of failure. The value of correlation coefficient generated equal to 0,240 with significance of 0,005 at the significance level of 5%. It can be concluded that there is a negative relationship between interpersonal communication to supervisors with students fear of failure in completing undergraduated thesis.
PREFERENSI PEMILIHAN CALON PASANGAN HIDUP DITINJAU DARI KETERLIBATAN AYAH PADA ANAK PEREMPUAN
Authors: RANGKUTI ANNA ARMEINI , FAJRIN DEVI OKTAVIANI
Published: January 2018

This study aims to determine the effect of father involvement on mate selection preferences in his young adult daughters. Researcher used scale quantitative methods psychology. Researcher used adapted instrument, namely Nurturant Fathering Scales and Father Involvement Scale subscale Reported Father Involvement Scale for variable of father involvement and used instrument created by researcher for variable mate selection preferences. There are 96 samples which is a father who has daughters ages 18-25 and is unmarried with accidental sampling. The data processing used in the testing of hypotheses analytics logistic regression. The result of this research is there is no influence of father involvement on mate selection preferences in his young adult daughters. But when viewed from the value of Odds Ratio of 2,571 indicates that the father has opportunity to choose the family background preferences of the prospecive life partner of his daughters of 2,571 times compared of the personal characteristics preference of the prospecive life partner of his daughters. That is the father has opportunity to choose the family background preference of their prospecive life partner of his daughters compared of their personal characteristics preference even though the value is only 2,571.
REGULASI EMOSI DAN BURNOUT PADA GURU HONORER SEKOLAH DASAR SWASTA MENENGAH KE BAWAH
Authors: WULAN DWI KENCANA , SARI NURMALA
Published: January 2018

This study aims to determine the effect of emotional regulation on burnout. This study used quantitative method with psychological scale. There are 77 samples of respondents which are honorary teachers of middle down private elementary school with sampling technique is purposive sampling. This study used two adaptation scales that were burnout and emotion regulation scale. The data processing method that used to examine hypothesis were regression analysis one predictor. Based on the result of data analysis, obtained F count > 18,898 > F table 3,98 with p value = 0,000 (p < 0,05). There is the siginificant effect of emotion regulation on burnout in the honorary teachers of middle down private elementary school. From the equation of regression can be interpretated that if emotional regulation increases one unit, burnout will decrease of 0,425.
KEBERMAKNAAN HIDUP PADA WANITA YANG BELUM MEMILIKI ANAK TANPA DISENGAJA (INVOLUNTARY CHILDLESS)
Authors: HAPSARI IRIANI INDRI , SEPTIANI SITI RIANISA
Published: January 2018

Generally, married women are willing to have a child, but not all women are having opportunity to be a mother. Veevers (Miall, 1986) defined involuntary childless as psychological desire to have children yet unable to have them. This research aimed to identify the meaning of life of involuntary childless women. This research used qualitative method approach with Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Subject of this research was three involuntary childless womens. Data collection techniques used were interview with guidelines. The conclussion of the three cases from this study is the subjects have differences in the process of searching for meaning of life. In these cases has emerged themes on the four stages of the search for meaning of life.
Agribisnis Tanaman Hortikultura di Kabupaten Cilacap Provinsi Jawa Tengah
Authors: Ilsan Mais , Nugroho Agus Dwi , Efrinda Efrinda , Winaryo Winaryo , Puspitasari Reineta , Handoyo Rini , Suparmono Suparmono
Published: January 2018

The contribution of agriculture in the Cilacap’s GDP has continued decline but agricultural labor is still quite large. It has implications for the future, especially for the welfare of agricultural labor will be decrease. The purpose of this study was to determine the competitive commodities for horticulture in Cilacap and feasibility of investment and development strategy of the competitive commodities. This research was conducted in June-August 2016. The data used is primary data through observations and interviews and secondary data obtained from the relevant agencies. Analysis of data using Location Quotient (LQ), Rasmussen's Dual Criterion (RDC), investment feasibility, land suitability and SWOT. Commodity that have a lucrative opportunity in Cilacap for horticultural crops include chilli, mangosteen and banana. In order to develop agribusiness in Cilacap, improving the quality of human resources in agriculture as well as group activities; increase promotional efforts for competitive commodities will require the provision of information competitive commodities for investors; extending the land, control over land use, guaranteed prices for competitive commodities, climate change mitigation, infrastructure development and ease access to credit for farmers; and more study for each commodity
Persepsi Anggota Grup Facebook “Komunitas Hidroponik Jogja (Hi-Jo)” Terhadap Pengembangan Hidroponik
Authors: Aulifia Aulifia , Subejo Subejo , Harsoyo Harsoyo
Published: January 2018

Research was conducted on theFacebook group Jogja Hydroponic Community, in order to know: 1) Characteristics of the Hi-Jo Community Facebook group members, 2) Level of perception of the Hi-Jo Community Facebook group members towards hydroponic development, and 3) Factors which affect the perception of the Hi-Jo Community Facebook group members towards hydroponic development. The method used in this research was descriptive method with survey techniques. Sampling was undertaken purposively on Facebook group, with random respondents. From the total sample of 7634 members, has been taken 52 people from Hi-Jo Community Facebook group. The analytical method used was the proportion test and multiple linear regression analysis. The research results showed that the characteristics of the Hi-Jo Community Facebook group members was balanced between men and women, the majority of main occupation was student, the majority of secondary occupation was student. The perception level of the Hi-Jo Community Facebook group members was categorized as high. Activeness, experience, and the role of the admin gave a positive effect to perception, whereas age, education and use of the products did not significantly affect the perception.
Persepsi Pendamping Terhadap Pelaksanaan Program Upsus Pajale Di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Faridhavin Urfan , Witjaksono Roso , Harsoyo Harsoyo
Published: January 2018

In an effort to realize food security, the Ministry of Agriculture made a policy of agricultural development by preparing food self-sufficiency program embodied with Special Effort of Increasing Productivity of Rice, Corn and Soy (UPSUS PAJALE). This escort and assistance is conducted by Agricultural Extension (PNS and THL), BABINSA (Bintara Pembina Desa) and students. This research aim to know 1) the implementation of UPSUS PAJALE program in Yogyakarta Special District; 2) the perception rate of program adviser to implementation of UPSUS PAJALE program; and 3) the factors which affect to the perception of program adviser. The research used descriptive method. The sampling of location was chosen purposively, while the sampling of program adviser was taken by simple random sampling and total sample is 40 respondents. The data were analyzed with proportion test and multiple linier regression. The research results showed that the rate of program adviser perception to implementation UPSUS PAJALE program was in good category. Knowledge of program adviser positively affect to the perception. Factors that did not significantly influence to perception of program adviser were experience, motivation to work in agriculture, interaction with farmers, interaction with agricultural extention worker, and interaction with BABINSA (TNI).
Permintaan Kedelai Pada Industri Rumah Tangga Tahu Di Kabupaten Sleman
Authors: Styawan Farid , Darwanto Dwidjono Hadi , Waluyati Lestari Rahayu
Published: January 2018

The needs of domestic consumption of soybean tends increasing every year, one of them for tofu industry inputs. This study aims to determine: 1) the factors that influence the demand for soybean on tofu industry in Sleman Regency, 2) the value-added generated from tofu industry in Sleman Regency, 3) the factors that affect tofu industry profits in Sleman Regency. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis method. This research was conducted in Seyegan districts and Gamping districts in 2016, and taken proportionally 65 people tofu industry as respondents. Factors that affect demand for soybean on tofu industry and the factors that affect tofu profitability were calculated using linear regression analysis, while the value-added on tofu industry calculated using the value-added method of Hayami. The results showed that demand for soybean is influenced by soybean prices, labor costs, the price of firewood, and the ownership status of the milling machine. Then, the value-added of fried tofu is Rp 5.602,4/kg of soybean, the value-added of white tofu is Rp 5.175,2/kg of soybean, and the value-added of yellow tofu is Rp 3.999,6/kg of soybean. The results also showed that the profits of tofu industry in Sleman influenced by labor costs, the price of soybeans, production capacity, business experience, and the price of coagulant.
Pineapple Chips Business Efficiency Analysis In Kampar Regency Riau Province Using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) Method
Authors: Oktari Riska Dian , Waluyati Lestari Rahayu , Suryantini Any
Published: January 2018

Pineapple chips is a processed product made of pineapple produced in Kampar Regency. Efficient pineapple chips processing will produce both an added value and high profit. The purpose of this research was to determine the level of relative efficiency of pineapple chips business in Kampar Regency in Riau Province. The level of efficiency achieved is a reflection of the quality of good performance. This research used Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method to measure the level of efficiency. An analysis using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method with Constant Return to Scale (CRS) assumption through input oriented approach was done to understand the levels of the pineapple chips producers relative efficiency. The research result showed that Most of the pineapple chips producers in Kampar Regency had not been efficient in relative terms, in which from the total of 21 pineapple chips producers, 8 producers were efficient (38,10%) and 13 producers had not been efficient (61,90%). The efficient producers should be a reference for inefficient producer in using inputs. By referring to the efficient producers, it is expected that the inefficient producers could use the input optimally so that the processing pineapple chips business could reach an efficient condition.
Supply Response Analysis Of Paddy In Kediri : Managerial Implications
Authors: Choirina Vifi Nurul , Hartono Slamet , Suryantini Any
Published: January 2018

Research of farmer’s response analysis to price is important to increase paddy production in Kediri. Farmers are conducted as the object of the research because they are the decision maker on all of farming activities. This study is aimed to know the effect of harvest area response, productivity response, supply response paddy, and managerial implications in Kediri. The analysis method used the Nerlove approach through harvest area response and productivity response. Data were collected annually from 1992 to 2015. The result showed  that harvest area in previous year was the significant factor to the harvest area. Grain price, fertilizer price index, rainfall, harvest area in previous 2 years and 3 years had no significant effect. Factors which had significant impact for the productivity were grain price and productivity in the previous year, but fertilizer price index, harvest area, and rainfall had no significant effect. Paddy supply-elasticity in short term and long term was inelastic so that supply paddy was unresponsive on grain price changing. Managerial implication formulation consists of procedural implications and policy implications. Procedural implications included the use of a transplanter, jajar legowo system, use of fertilizer in 6 right-ways completed with a demonstration plot. The policy implication is was composed by price and non-price policies. Price policies were showed by costs of good sold which was supported by coopertaion between farmers and BULOG and the use of combine harvester. Non-price policies were embodied with the increasing of cropping index and wetland transformation into settlements.
Development Strategic Farming System of Local Coffee in Kepulauan Yapen Regency-Province of Papua
Authors: Kapitarau Elias Edison , Hartono Slamet , Irham Irham
Published: January 2018

This research conducted in KepulauanYapen Regency Province of Papua. Objectives of this research to: (1) knowing and explaining internal factors (weakness and strength) and factors of external (threat and opportunity) farming system of local coffee KepulauanYapen Regency Province of Papua, (2) Formulating for development strategy of farming system local coffee correct to be applied in KepulauanYapen Regency Province of Papua. Method used in this study is descriptive analysis method. Determine of location done by purposive. Data part of primary and secondary data. Samples of respondent counted 40 and for Analysis of data using SWOT method. Result of SWOT analysis and IFAS-EFAS matrix show development of farming system district Kepulauan Yapen Province of Papua reside in II quadrant with weakness factor and opportunity more uppermost than threat and strength. Weakness more uppermost at that is exploiting of land in farming system of local coffee, plantation local coffee which have is old, not plant superioring seed of local of coffee, widespread land of farming location and the limited officer of extension agent (PPL). While opportunities which must be exploited wide of farming area, land is fertile and climate supporting growth coffee crop.Using superioring seed will be able to increase product and productivity local coffee. Formulation of the core strategies that should be used as a local coffee farm development strategy in KepulauanYapenRegency namely; optimizing land, improving farming techniques,  to establish areas of local development of coffee farming an affordable, performing a selection  of local coffee varieties and build the garden collection, increase farmers’ land ownership status are certified, Pursue partnerships and improve human resources/ farmers local coffee in KepulauanYapen Regency.
COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS OF INSULIN REGIMEN ON TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS OUTPATIENT IN DENPASAR MUNICIPALITY
Authors: Larasanty Luh Putu Febryana , Sarasmita Made Ary , Putra I Gusti Ngurah Agung Dewantara
Published: January 2018

Objective: Insulin is one of the antidiabetic agents that available for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Insulin has several types of formulation, with its cost and effectiveness. The aim of this study was to compare the cost-effectiveness of insulin regimen in the therapy management of T2DM outpatient.Methods: Cost-effectiveness analysis has been done by calculating the average cost-effectiveness ratio (ACER) and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of each insulin regimens. Effectiveness was measured by improvement of fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, and HbA1c value. The total cost of insulin regimen was calculated from direct medical cost, direct nonmedical cost, and indirect nonmedical cost.Results: Overall, 42 patients meet the inclusion criteria were included this study. There were four insulin regimens compared, namely, insulin detemir,premixed insulin aspart, insulin aspart, and a combination of insulin aspart + insulin glargine. The combination of insulin aspart + insulin glargine provides pre-eminent therapy effectiveness (58.82%), whereas insulin detemir regimen has the lowest total cost (102.62 USD). Calculation of ACER showed that insulin aspart has the lowest ACER value, in an amount of 1.91 USD per percentage of effectiveness. Based on ICER value, insulin aspart was the better choice compared to the combination of insulin aspart + insulin glargine (0.18 USD vs. 0.82 USD).Conclusion: The variation of therapeutic effectiveness and total cost was observed in the management of T2DM outpatient. Based on ACER and ICER value, insulin aspart was the most cost-effective insulin compared to another insulin regimen on the study.
HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE IN POORLY CONTROLLED TYPE 2 DIABETES PATIENTS - ASSOCIATION OF PATIENTS’ CHARACTERISTICS WITH EQ-5D DOMAINS, MEAN EQ-5D SCORES, AND VISAUL ANALOG SCALE SCORE
Authors: Butt Mubashra , Ali Adliah Mhd , Bakry Mohd Makmor
Published: January 2018

Objective: High prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Malaysia demands the appropriate interventions to alleviate or postpone its burden on patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The studies which provide useful knowledge about the components of such interventions are important. The aim of this study was to describe how demographic and clinical characteristics of diabetes patients influence their HRQoL using EQ-5D.Methods: This study used the baseline data of a randomized controlled study carried out to examine the impact of a pharmacist intervention on poorly controlled diabetes patients. A generic HRQoL tool EQ-5D was used to report the data. Logistic regression was used to identify the predictors of problems in individual EQ-5D domains, and ANCOVA was undertaken to examine the effect of patients’ characteristic on EQ-5D mean scores and visual analog scale (VAS) mean scores.Results: Pain discomfort was reported to be significantly predicted by high HbA1c levels. Increasing age (OR =1.04; CI 1.01, 1.16) and increasing body mass index (OR = 1.15; CI 1.01, 1.30) were significant predictors of reduced mobility. The presence of complications (OR = 8.03; CI 1.34–48.02) and (5–10 years) diabetes duration predicted the reduced score in anxiety domain (OR = 7.05; CI 1.03, 48.04). Problems in usual activities were significantly predicted by age (OR = 1.4; CI 1.01, 1.18). Self-care was not affected by any of the model covariates. Mean EQ-5D score was (0.89; CI 0.85, 0.92) significantly predicted by HbA1c values (p=0.04). Mean VAS score (70.54) was significantly lower in the group receiving insulin (69.46; CI 73.74, 84.02) than the oral diabetes medication (78.88; CI 64.94, 73.98) (p=0.009).Conclusion: Patients’ characteristics were significantly associated with the HRQoL in type 2 diabetes. There was a significant and inverse association of HRQoL with medication group (insulin use), high HbA1c, obesity, and presence of complications.
EVALUATION OF A RAPID TEST TO DETECT CARBAPENEMASE PRODUCTION AMONG GRAM-NEGATIVE BACILLI.
Authors: Nagalapuram Vishnu , J Jayalakshmi
Published: January 2018

Objective: There is a need for an early detection of carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacilli to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with it. The objective of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of the Carba NP test in detecting carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacilli.Methods: This prospective experimental study was conducted in 2013 at PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore. In this study, 120 consecutive Gram-negative bacilli clinical isolates identified as carbapenem resistant as per the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines were subjected to Carba NP.Results: About 62.5% of the carbapenem-resistant isolates were found to be carbapenemase producers by modified Hodge test. The sensitivity of the Carba NP test was found to be 92% and the specificity was 100%. The most common bacterial isolate was Acinetobacter baumannii, and the most common sample was urine.Conclusion: The Carba NP test is a simple inexpensive, rapid, reproducible, sensitive test that can be performed directly from the colonies. It improves early detection of patients infected or colonized with carbapenemase in the hospital.
ANXIETY, DEPRESSION, AND SELF-CARE MANAGEMENT AMONG PATIENTS WITH HYPOTHYROIDISM.
Authors: Km Nila , Vd Mekhana , Nair Sruthi R
Published: January 2018

Objective: The objective of the study was to assess anxiety, depression, and self-care management among patients with hypothyroidism.Methods: A qualitative descriptive study was done among 65 patients who was diagnosed with hypothyroidism, and the data were collected using structured questionnaire to know about self-care management of hypothyroidism and standardized tool (Hamilton rating scale) for assessing anxiety and depression.Results: The result showed that among 65 subjects, 30 (46.2%) had good self-care management, only 1 (1%) had excellent self-care management, 46.1% had severe anxiety, whereas 4.6% subjects had severe depression. There was a positive association between anxiety and depression with self-care management.Conclusion: Hypothyroidism is now becoming more prevalent in the Indian population. From the results of the study, it is obvious that patients with hypothyroidism are at increased risk of anxiety and depression. Self-care management decreases with an increase in anxiety and depression. Hence, proper management is necessary to reduce the deleterious effect of hypothyroidism on physical as well as mental health.
A COMPARATIVE SURVEY OF KNOWLEDGE OF ANTISEPTIC AND DISINFECTANT USE AND EFFECT OF INTERVENTION ON MEDICAL AND SURGICAL STAFF NURSES IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Kanchan Chattar , Sangeeta Dabhade , Balasaheb Ghongane
Published: January 2018

Objective: The study was carried out to find the knowledge and awareness of medical and surgical section nurses about the use of antiseptic and disinfectants and the immediate and late impact of an educational intervention like seminar and workshop in the knowledge of nurses.Method: This is a questionnaire-based pre- and post-test cross-sectional study.  200 nurses [100 working in medical wards and 100 working in surgical wards and Operation theatre (O.T.)] were selected using random number sampling method.  First a pre-test was given. Then an educational intervention in the form of power point presentation was carried out and post-test was given. One more test was carried out 1 month after post-test to check retention of knowledge by nurses.Result: In both medical and surgical pre-test, most of the questions answered correctly were in below 25% response. While in post-test number of the questions answered correctly was increased and maximum number of number of the questions solved correctly were between 50-75% and 75-100 percent. Individual response in the pre-test both medical and surgical nurses showed that maximum number of nurses have responses between 25-50% and 50-75% while response rate has increased in post-test where maximum number of responses were between 75-100%.Conclusion: Our study suggests that educational intervention has positive impact on the knowledge of nurses. There is a need to carry out such educational interventions periodically which will be helpful for better retention of knowledge by nurses.
AMELIORATION OF ALUMINUM- AND FLUORIDE-INDUCED BEHAVIORAL ALTERATIONS THROUGH RESVERATROL IN RATS.
Authors: Reddy Nallagouni Chandra Shakar , Mesram Nageshwar , Karnati Pratap Reddy
Published: January 2018

Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the ameliorative effects of resveratrol against aluminum- and fluoride-altered neurobehavioral activities.Methods: Aluminum chloride (100 mg/kg body weight [bw])+sodium fluoride (10 mg/kg bw), aluminum chloride (100 mg/kg bw) + sodium fluoride (10 mg/kg bw) + resveratrol (30 mg/kg bw), and resveratrol (30 mg/kg bw) alone were given orally to II, III, and IV groups, respectively, and Group-I was served as control for 8 weeks. The bw, brain weight, grip strength, learning ability, and behavioral activities were assayed.Results: The results showed significantly (*p<0.05) altered body and brain weights, learning ability, grip strength, and behavioral activities in Group- II, whereas significant (*p<0.05) reversal was observed in Group-III.Conclusion: Taken together, the above findings conclude that resveratrol ameliorated aluminum and fluoride-altered neurobehavioral activities.
STUDYING THE CYTOTOXIC AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF CRUDE EXTRACTS FROM ANACYCLUS NIGELLIFOLIUS BOISS GROWN IN NORTH LEBANON.
Authors: Farhan Hussein
Published: January 2018

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the chemical contents (total phenolic and total flavonoid contents) of the crude ethanolic and aqueous extracts from leaves and stems of a Lebanese plant and to evaluate their cytotoxic and antioxidant activities.Methods: Quantification of the total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of all extracts of Anacyclus nigellifolius from leaves and stems and the cytotoxic activity were evaluated through XTT assay, while antioxidant activities were evaluated using spectrophotometric analyses DPPH, H2O2, and chelating of ferrous ions tests.Results: The ethanolic extract from leaves and stem of A. nigellifolius was better than aqueous extract and showed a higher content in total phenolic and total flavonoid which was 39.48±0.04 and 13±0.03, respectively. On the other hand, the best value of IC50 of DPPH, H2O2, and chelating of ferrousions of ethanol extract from leaves was 0.1 mg/mL, 0.25 mg/mL, and 0.37 mg/mL, respectively, also, ethanol extract has significantly inhibited cells growth 293T and MCF7, a percentage of inhibition was in leaves, and it has reached the 70% and 54%, respectively.Conclusions: Both ethanolic and aqueous extracts of both parts of A. nigellifolius have shown high efficiency and good antioxidant and antiproliferation power. Hence, this plant can be used in the prevention of a number of diseases related to oxidative stress as well as might be used for inhibition of cancer cell line growth.
IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF NEEM LEAVES ON EXTENDED-SPECTRUM BETA-LACTAMASE AND AMBLER CLASS C COPRODUCERS FROM SKIN AND SOFT-TISSUE INFECTIONS.
Authors: Shah Pratibha J , Williamson Manita T
Published: January 2018

Objective: Clinical isolates coproducing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and Ambler Class C (AmpC) beta-lactamase are a therapeutic challenge. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Azadirachta indica methanolic leaf extract against lactose fermenting coproducers of ESBL and AmpC isolated from skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs).Methods: A total of 88 non-duplicate lactose fermenting strains isolated from SSTIs specimens were tested for their antibiotic susceptibility pattern by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Ceftazidime and cefoxitin-resistant strains were screened for coproduction of ESBL and AmpC beta-lactamase by phenotypic confirmatory disc diffusion test and E-test. Antibacterial activity of methanolic neem leaf (NLM) extract was examined by the disc diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of NLM was determined by the agar dilution technique.Results: Thirty-seven lactose fermenting strains were confirmed to be coproducers of ESBL and AmpC, out of which 27 were Escherichia coli and 10 were Klebsiella spp. The nimbin content in the neem leaf extract was found to be 0.007% (w/w) by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The NLM extract showed inhibitory activity against all the 37 lactose fermenting isolates from SSTIs, coproducing ESBL and AmpC. The MIC of NLM extract was determined to be in the range of 4–8% (40–80 mg/ml) against the selected isolates.Conclusion: It can be stated that NLM extract might have therapeutic significance against coproducers of ESBL and AmpC beta-lactamase isolated from SSTIs.
SEROVAR PROFILE AND DETECTION OF INVA VIRULENCE GENE AMONG NON-TYPHOIDAL SALMONELLAE SEROVARS ISOLATED FROM ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS CASES IN COASTAL KARNATAKA, SOUTHERN INDIA
Authors: Bangera Sohan , Umakanth Shashikiran , Bhat Ram , Kamath Asha , Ballal Mamatha , Mukhopadhyay Asish Kumar
Published: January 2018

Objective: Non-typhoidal salmonellosis is one of the leading zoonosis in the world caused by non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS). Invasive infections with NTS serovars occurs due to the presence of virulence genes like invA along with the immunosuppressive conditions of the patient. The study was conducted to isolate and identify the NTS serovars and their antimicrobial resistance profile from patients with diarrhea and also to detect the virulence marker – invA gene among these NTS serovars.Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2015 to December 2016 at the Enteric Diseases Division, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal. 1218 fecal specimens were collected from patients with diarrhea and before antibiotic treatment. NTS serovars were identified, serotyped and then screened for the presence of invA virulence gene.Results: A total of 33 (2.7%) NTS was isolated. Salmonella typhimurium (33.34%) was predominant followed by Salmonella oslo (30.3%). Out of 33 NTS, invA was positive for 28 isolates (84.8%) of which 25 (89.3%) patients were febrile which was statistically significant (p=0.000).Conclusion: Non-typhoidal salmonellosis is an emerging global infection among immunocompromised patients. Our study showed an association between the invA gene and febrile illness among the patients suffering. Thus, this study highlights the importance of invA as a significant marker for bloodstream invasion.
DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF BENZODIAZEPINES BEARING BENZIMIDAZOLE/BENZOTHIAZOLE AND INDOLE MOIETIES AS A POTENT ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT AGENTS
Authors: Naraboli Basavaraj Shivabasappa , Js Biradar
Published: January 2018

Objective: The present work deals with the synthesis and characterization of biologically active new indole derivatives, namely, 2-((1H-benzo[d] imidazol-2-yl) thio)-N-(4-(4-(1H-indol-3-yl)-8-methyl-1H-benzo[b][1,4]diazepin-2-yl) phenyl) acetamide 3a-d, N-(4-(4-(1H-indol-3-yl)-8-methyl- 1H-benzo[b][1,4]diazepin-2-yl) phenyl)-2-((5-methoxy-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl) thio) acetamide 4a-d and N-(4-(4-(1H-indol-3-yl)-8-methyl-1H-benzo[b][1,4]diazepin-2-yl) phenyl)-2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-ylthio) acetamide 5a-d.Methods: All these newly synthesized compounds were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activity by an agar plate diffusion method, antioxidant activities such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), radical scavenging activity (RSA), ferric ions (Fe3+) reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and ferrous (Fe2+) metal ion chelating activity.Result: The structures of all the newly synthesized compounds were characterized by their infrared,1H nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectral studies, and elemental analysis. Compounds 7a and 7b exhibited good RSA at a concentration 100 μg/ml, compounds 6d, 7a-d and 8a-c displayed good FRAP at a concentration 100 μg/ml, compounds 7b-d and 8b-d showed good Fe2+ ion metal chelating activity. Compounds 6b, 6d, 7a-d, and 8a-d exhibited good activity against all the screened bacteria and fungi.Conclusion: Some of the compounds have shown potent antimicrobial activity against all the screened bacteria and fungi, and some have exhibited very good antioxidant activity.
SERUM BRAIN DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR AS BIOMARKER FOR EPILEPSY DIAGNOSIS IN EGYPTIAN CHILDREN WITH EPILEPSY; RELATIONSHIP TO DISEASE SEVERITY AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION.
Authors: El-alameey Inas R , Ahmed Hanaa H
Published: January 2018

Objectives: This study was designed to estimate serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentration in a group of Egyptian children with epilepsy to clarify its utility as a biomarker for epilepsy diagnosis and to evaluate its relationship with their cognitive function and disease severity. Methods: Intelligence was assessed using Arabic version of the WISC-R test. Serum concentration of BDNF was assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 40 children with epilepsy and 40 apparently healthy children of matched age and sex controls. Results: Of total 40 epileptic patients aged 6–12 years, the mean age was 8.32 ± 0.7 years and male to female ratio was 1.5:1. The mean serum BDNF concentration and cognitive IQ scores were statistically significantly reduced in the studied patient’s group versus to controls (p<0.001). There were highly significant differences in serum BDNF concentration as regards epileptic severity. Serum concentration of BDNF showed significantly positive correlation with cognitive, verbal, performance, and totals IQ scores and negative correlation with the age at the onset of seizures, and duration of therapy. The linear regression analysis showed a statistically significant association between age at the onset of seizures, duration of therapy, cognitive function, and serum BDNF concentrations among the studied patients. Conclusions: Concentration of BDNF in serum is involved in the mechanism of epileptogenesis in children with epilepsy. It should be used as a helpful marker for epilepsy diagnosis and detection of severity.
RANKL EXPRESSION AND METABOLIC CHANGES IN OVARIECTOMIZED RATS AND THE POSSIBLE PROTECTION BY VEGETABLE FORMULA.
Authors: Hanafi Emtenan M
Published: January 2018

Objective: This study was to evaluate complications of osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats and the possibility to ameliorate these changes by consumption of vegetable formula. Furthermore, transcription of mRNA of RANKL gene was matched with bone mass density (BMD) and bone formation marker (human procollagen 1 N terminal peptide [PINP]).Methods: Thirty rats were divided into three groups. The first is non ovariectomized control group (NOVXC), the second is ovariectomized control group (OVXC), and the third is ovariectomized rats supplemented with the vegetable formula (OVXT). Animals were fed for 8 successive weeks. Animals were treated and sacrificed under the recommended ethics of laboratory animal’s treatment. The vegetable mixture was formulated with the purpose to correct the bone compromise and supply all the presumed deficient elements and hormone.Results: Chemical analysis showed that the formulated vegetable mixture had a high amount of flavonoids as catechin (100 mg/100 g of dry weight) and polyphenols as tannic acid (1000 mg/100 g dry weight. Furthermore, it had high reducing power (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical showed inhibition percentage of 91.81%.). Several phytochemicals necessary for bone health were demonstrated in the vegetable mixture using high-performance liquid chromatography. RANKL/GAPDH mRNA transcription ratio showed marked an increase in OVXC versus the control NOVXC rats (1.00 vs. 0.199, respectively) accompanied with a drop in BMD (0.157 vs. 0.25 mg/cm2, respectively) and PINP values (27.9±2.8 compared to NOVXC 34±2.4 μ/L, respectively). The vegetable mixture supplementation showed better values of BMD and PINP in OVXT group directed back toward normal (0.183 mg/cm2 and 29.35±3.4 μ/L, respectively). Furthermore, analysis of blood plasma of supplemented group showed lower blood glucose, lipid profile, and oxidative markers if compared to that in OVXC group.Conclusion: It may be concluded that the plant formula was effective to minimize health hazards in ovariectomized rats and maybe for postmenopause women. Perhaps longer time may be needed for more significant and clear effect.
STATUS OF PLASMA ELECTROLYTES, UREA, CREATININE, AND C-REACTIVE PROTEIN IN CANCER PATIENTS.
Authors: Ojo Olubunmi C , Asaolu Modupe F , Oyeyemi Ajibade O , Akinlua Ibikunle , Molehin Olorunfemi M , Oyebanji Olufisayo G
Published: January 2018

Objective: Cancer is a major health problem not only in developed countries but also in developing countries like Nigeria. This study was designed to study the status of plasma electrolytes, urea, creatinine, and C-reative proteins (CRPs) in freshly diagnosed cancer patients.Methods: Plasma electrolytes (sodium [Na+], potassium [K+], chlorine [Cl-], and bicarbonate [HCO3-]), urea, creatinine, and CRP were estimated in four different types of cancer (liver, colon, cervical, and uterine) patients attending Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital Ado Ekiti Nigeria. A total of 250 patients (between age of 45 and 70 years) consisting of 50 patients in each cancer type and 50 normal subjects as control were considered in this study.Results: The result obtained revealed a significant (p<0.05) increase in the plasma levels of Na+, Cl-, creatinine, and CRP in all the cancer types when compared with the control subjects. Plasma urea level decreased significantly in patients with colon (3.16±0.70 mmol/L) and liver (3.03±1.75 mmol/L) cancer when compared with the control subjects (4.80±1.12 mmol/L). K+ and HCO3_ level was not significantly (p>0.05) different in all cancer types when compared with the control subjects.Conclusion: This study revealed a possible link between plasma electrolytes, creatinine, CRP, urea, and cancer which could be useful in the assessment and management of cancer.
TO QUANTIFY THE LUTEOLIN CONTENT FROM THE AERIAL PARTS OF HETEROPOGON CONTORTUS (L.) BEAUV. (SPEAR GRASS) THROUGH HIGH-PERFORMANCE THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY
Authors: Kaur Navjot , Gupta Raghbir Chand
Published: January 2018

Objective: The objective of this study was to quantify the luteolin content present in the extracts from different aerial plants (leaves, stem, and inflorescence) of Heteropogon contortus through high-performance thin-layer chromatography.Methods: The chromatographic fingerprint analysis of the different plant extracts has been developed using optimized mobile phase toluene: ethyl acetate: formic acid (5:5:0.7 v/v) and the developed plate is derivatized with freshly prepared anisaldehyde-sulfuric acid. Then, the plate is heated at 110–120°C. The plate is scanned for densitometry measurements and to record the overlay spectra at 366 nm absorbance/reflectance wavelength. Quantification of luteolin marker compound in different extracts of H. contortus is estimated using 2–12 ng/spot.Results: The yellow colored bands appearing on the chromatogram confirm the presence of luteolin marker compound in the different plant samples of H. contortus. Further, the presence of the luteolin marker is confirmed by comparing the Rf values (0.21) of the standard and the samples and from densitometry measurements by scanning the plate at 366 nm absorbance/reflectance. Line-to-line overlay spectra are obtained.Conclusion: From this, it is concluded that leaf sample of H. contortus contains maximum amount of luteolin, i.e., 37.13 ± 0.11 mg/g of dry wt. than inflorescence (1.60 ± 0.013 mg/g of dry wt.) and stem (0.53 ± 0.014 mg/g of dry wt.). The leaves are good source of luteolin and can be used as an alternate natural source to synthesize herbal drugs to cure cancer, hypertension, and inflammatory diseases.
DIFFERENCE IN BLOOD FUNCTION TOXICITY BETWEEN STADIUM IIB-IIIB SQUAMOUS CELL CERVICAL CANCER PATIENTS WITH PACLITAXEL CISPLATIN AND PACLITAXEL CARBOPLATIN CHEMOTHERAPY AT SANGLAH HOSPITAL, DENPASAR.
Authors: Pa Indrayathi , R Noviyani , R Niruri , Ing Budiana , K Tunas
Published: January 2018

Objective: Paclitaxel cisplatin and paclitaxel carboplatin were chemotherapy regimens used for cervical cancer treatments at Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar. They came with hematologic toxicity side effects. This could be monitored from hemoglobin, thrombocyte, and leukocyte parameter. Data that compared the toxicity of these two regimens were still limited at Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar. Therefore, it was necessary to conduct a research about the difference in blood function toxicity between patients who underwent paclitaxel cisplatin chemotherapy and those who underwent paclitaxel carboplatin chemotherapy based on those three parameters.Methods: This was a prospective observational research with consecutive sampling, inclusion, and exclusion criteria. It was carried out from January to August 2016 at Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar. Patients were categorized into two groups based on their chemotherapy regimens. Next, blood samples from both groups were tested for its hemoglobin, thrombocyte, and leukocyte level before and after chemotherapy. The data underwent normality test using either Shapiro–Wilk or Mann–Whitney test with SPSS.Results: There were 17 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The result showed a decrease in hemoglobin, thrombocyte, as well as leukocyte values in patients who underwent paclitaxel cisplatin and paclitaxel carboplatin chemotherapy.Conclusion: The decrease of both hemoglobin and leukocyte level was not meaningful in both groups (p>0.05). Meanwhile, the decrease of thrombocyte level was meaningful in both groups (*p<0.05) in which patients who belong to paclitaxel carboplatin chemotherapy group showed a higher decrease of thrombocyte values.
ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF A SECONDARY METABOLITE OF AZADIRACHTA INDICA AND ITS DERIVATIVES – AN IN SILICO STUDY
Authors: Nagesh Simhadri Vsdna , M Muniappan , I Kannan , S Viswanathan
Published: January 2018

Objective: This study was aimed to inhibit the 1, 3 β-glucan synthase with azadirachtin or with the derivatives by docking method.Methods: The homology model of the protein 1, 3 β glucan synthase was prepared with “easy modellar” using query sequence and template and it was validated with procheck of Ramachandran plot. The ligand was selected from the PubChem database, and the .sdf file was downloaded which was converted to another file format with open babel. The .pdb files of protein and ligand were uploaded for rough docking with iGEMDOCK, and finally, the accurate docking was made with autodock vina. The docked poses were visualized with PYMOL then saved. The derivatives of the ligand were generated with SWISS ADME, free online software, and selected the derivative for docking.Results: The results obtained from iGEMDOCK and Autodock Vina were tabulated. It was found out that the Azadirachtin and the derivatives are effective in binding 1, 3 β Glucan synthase and thereby inhibiting the formation and integrity of fungal cell wall.Conclusion: In this study, the secondary metabolite Azadirachtin and the derivatives are showing inhibitory action against the model protein 1, 3 β glucan synthase and it was suggested that the external application of the ligand and its derivatives can be used because of their poor oral bioavailability.
EFFECT OF MEDICATION RELATED EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTIONS ON IMPROVING MEDICATION ADHERENCE IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: George Nimmy Elizabeth , Sunny Smrithy , Sam Anitta Mariyam , Sabu Aleena Susan , Rodrigues Prudence A
Published: January 2018

Objectives: To assess the patient medication adherence using 8 item morisky medication adherence scale (MMAS). To categorize patients based on their adherence to antidiabetic medications into low, medium, and high adherent. To provide educational interventions such as patient counseling using teach-back method, patient medication information leaflet, and audio-visual aids and thus to improve the patient medication adherence.Methods: After obtaining informed consent from the patients, data of the patients were recorded in data collection forms. Their adherence to antidiabetic medication was evaluated using 8 item MMAS and patients were categorized into low, medium, and high adherence groups based on the score. Counseling was done based on the categorization (high, medium, and low). During review, again adherence was rechecked using 8 item MMAS.Results: Medication adherence was measured using 8 item MMAS on review and adherence was found to be improved using different patient counseling methods according to their adherence category. Improvement in score within low adherence group was found to be 83.87%; improvement of the low adherence group to medium adherence group was 16.12%. Improvement within the medium adherence group was 82.14% and from medium adherence to high adherence group was 17.85%.Conclusion: Patient counseling can improve adherence in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, which in turn help patients in achieving optimal glycemic control.
ANTIHYPERTENSION STUDY OF ANREDERA CORDIFOLIA (TEN). V. STEENIS EXTRACT AND ITS FRACTIONS IN RATS THROUGH DEXAMETHASONE INDUCTION AND NITRIC OXIDE RELEASE.
Authors: Garmana Afrillia Nuryanti , Sukandar Elin Yulinah , Fidrianny Irda
Published: January 2018

Objective: The aims of this study were to prove the antihypertensive effect of Anredera cordifolia (Madeira vine) in dexamethasone-induced hypertensive rat and to determine the release of nitric oxide (NO).Methods: The rat’s blood pressure was measured by CODA® tail-cuff blood pressure system. A hypertensive rat model was developed on day 7 after administration of dexamethasone injection 0.5 mg/kg body weight (bw). NO levels were measured by spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 546 nm after reacting the serum sample with Griess reagent.Results: Ethanol extract of Madeira vine (EEMV), ethyl acetate fraction (EF), and water fraction (WF) could reduce systolic blood pressure at day 14 with a diastolic blood pressure (DBP) reduction of 26.8, 34.1, and 40.5 mmHg, respectively. DBP began to decrease from day 8 in the EEMV group with a DBP reduction of 24.1 mmHg. In the HF, EF, and WF groups, decreasing in DBP occurred on day 14 which were 22.0, 24.5, and 35.4 mmHg, respectively. NO level in rat serum was increased significantly at 90 min after administration of EEMV 100 mg/kg bw and WF 40.73 mg/kg bw. Increasing in NO levels due to EF with a dose of 1.66 mg/kg bw was not significantly different to control group.Conclusion: Ethanol extract of A. cordifolia had the antihypertensive effect in dexamethasone-induced hypertensive rats, so does its WF and EF. The mechanism of ethanol extract of Madeira vine leaves and its WF most likely due to vasodilation effect through NO-pathway, whereas EF could have other mechanism(s) of action.