bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Increased Anxiety and Decreased Confidence Lead to Poorer Short-Passing Performance in Collegiate Soccer Players
Authors: Bila Mohammed , Hillman Angela
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Competitive soccer players are required to perform short passing under stressful conditions; their success may be related to their self-confidence and anxiety levels. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between short-passing ability and anxiety and self-confidence among collegiate soccer players.
Methods: Seventeen Division III collegiate soccer players (20.0 ± 1.0 years, 65% female) completed the Athletic Coping Skills Inventory (ACSI), Sport Competition Anxiety Test (SCAT), Trait Sport-Confidence Inventory (TSCI), and Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2R) and the Loughborough Soccer Passing Test (LSPT). Spearman’s rho (rs) was used to identify if a relationship between these inventories and LSPT time existed.
Results: Mean LSPT total time was 55.7 ± 12.0 seconds. We observed positive relationships between SCAT and LSPT total time (rs = .51, p = .04) and CSAI-2R and LSPT total time (rs = .55, p =.03). Furthermore, a strong negative relationship was found between TSCI and LSPT total time (rs = -.68, p = .004).
Conclusions: There is a relationship between anxiety, confidence and short-passing performance in collegiate soccer players. Coaches should consider interventions to decrease players’ anxiety and improve self-confidence in preparation for soccer competition.
The place and the role of sport in the war-torn society of Afghanistan
Authors: Martinova Ivanka , Aydin Muammer
Published: September 2021

For Afghanistan, security is one of the last things the country can be associated with. Despite the efforts that have been made over the last decade, it is still too early to speak about political, economic, and institutional stability. Against this background of uncertainty, and despite the lack of legislation, funding, and investment tools, Afghanistan's flag is being played in the finals of many international events. Тhis is the phenomenon that provokes our research interest. The present aims to give a brief overview of the country's national sporting achievements and to examine the views of two key experts in the field to identify how the development of sport in the country influences the peace-making processes from a social perspective. The used methodology includes a semi-structured interview conducted independently with both respondents in 2019 which is analyzed in the context of social reconstruction of a war-torn society. The results show that national success in elite international sports events has a high potential to be an effective tool in neutralizing some of the negative social effects of war on the society (like distancing, hatred, identity restructuring, etc.) by bringing hope, creating role models, changing perceptions, uniting people under one flag, creating heroes.
FORMULATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF TELMISARTAN MULTIPARTICULATE SYSTEM USING A 22 FACTORIAL DESIGN
Authors:   Dept. of Pharmaceutics, Bapatla College of Pharmacy, Bapatla, Guntur-522101, Andhra Pradesh, India., Sailesh G , Murthy T. E. G. K.
Published: September 2021

Telmisartan is used in the treatment of hypertension. It exhibits poor water solubility. It belongs to class II of Biopharmaceutical Classification system (BCS). It needs enhancement in dissolution and hence bioavailability. The dissolution of drug was improved by coating the drug and carrier over sugar spheres.Size of sugar spheres and concentration of the carrier were two critical variables that were found to affect the dissolution of drug. A 22 factorial design was used to study the effect of concentration of carrier and size of the non-pareil seeds on dissolution. Dissolution of telmisartan was found to increase with increasing concentration of carrier and decreased with respect to size of non-pareil seeds.
STUDY OF IN VITRO ANTHELMINTIC ACTIVITY OF PORTULACA OLERACEA L.
Authors:   H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Karwand Naka, Shirpur, Dist. Dhule (M.S.) 425405, India., Mutha R. E , Tahakik V. V. , Sonawane P. S. , Swami S. M. , Lahase S. S.
Published: September 2021

Different extracts of aerial parts of Portulaca oleracea L. were evaluated for their anthelmintic activity on adult Indian earthworms, Pheretima posthuma, among which ethanol extract was found more potent.Their activities are comparable with the reference drug albendazole. The result supports the traditional claims of Portulaca oleracea L. as a powerful anthelmintic.
Post-Exenteration Orbital Wall Reconstruction With Paramedian Forehead Flap
Authors:   aUniversiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia, Mior Abu Tahrin Mior Faiq , Che Aman Che Jamal Abdillah ,   Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (HUKM), Malaysia, Mydin Siddik Nur Shazwani Farah Md. ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia
Published: September 2021

Orbital exenteration is a mutilating surgery that involves the total removal of the orbital contents with partial or total excision of the eyelids. It is usually associated with an extremely disfiguring cosmetic outcome which requires some degree of reconstruction before an artificial eye can be placed into the socket. Often times, the orbital cavity needs to be filled with a soft tissue cover especially if the orbital fissures and optic canal is exposed. Free tissue transfer is thought to be the best option in reconstructing complex defect. However, some conditions do not permit a free flap reconstruction to be performed like in a previously irradiated bed as it increases the risk of vascular complications. We present a case of post orbital exenteration who is not suitable for a free flap and wound coverage was done with a paramedian forehead flap as an alternative.
Head Injuries, a general approach
Authors:   Faculty of Law, International University of Brcko District, Brcko, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Franjić Siniša
Published: September 2021

When a person with a head injury arrives at the hospital, doctors and nurses first check life signs: cardiac work, blood pressure and breathing. For those who do not breathe satisfactorily, a extractor fan may be required. Doctors immediately assess the patient's state of mind and memory. They also test the brain's basic functions by checking the size of the pupils and their response to light, assessing reactions to sensations such as heat and stab of the needle, and testing the ability to move their arms or legs. Computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging is required to evaluate possible brain injury. Traumatic brain injury occurs when an external mechanical force causes brain dysfunction. Brain trauma is usually the result of a violent hit to the head. An object that pierces the skull, such as a bullet, can also cause brain trauma. Mild trauma can be caused by temporary brain cell dysfunction. More serious brain trauma can lead to bruising, torn tissue, bleeding and other physical injuries to the brain, which can result in long-term complications or even death. Head injuries are the cause of disability and death of people under the age of 50, more than any other type of neurological impairment. Nearly half of people with severe head injuries die. The brain can be damaged even when the skull is not pierced.
Antiviral proteinase inhibitors of plant and animal origin
Authors:   Lugansk State Medical University, Rubezhnoe, Ukraine, Divocha Valentina , Komarevzeva Irina ,   Lugansk State Medical University, Rubezhnoe, Ukraine
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Over the past 10 years, much attention has been paid to the development of new antiviral drugs based on the suppression of the proteolytic activity of enzymes by trypsin inhibitors of plant and animal origin. Material and methods: We used a trypsin inhibitor from barley, trielin- (isolated by employees of the Agro-Industrial Institute of Selection and Genetics of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences from the salivary glands of a dog); ovomukoid (isolated from duck eggs by employees of N, I, Bach Research Institute of Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences); Influenza virus APR 8/34 (fourth passage), adapted to the lungs of mice at a dose of 20 LD /0.1 ml, titre HA( hemagglutenin) 1:32) ,white BALB/c mice weighing 12-14 g. Infection with influenza virus and treatment with inhibitors was carried out intranasally under light ether anesthesia. Doses studied were: 0.5mg/ml; 2.5 mg/ml; 5.0 mg/ml; The treatment regimen of 10 mg/ml differed only in the initial stages (1 hour before infection, during infection and 1 hour after infection, and then 6 hours after infection, 24 hours after infection, 48 hours after infection, 72 hours after infection and 96 hours after infection). Results and discussion: We found that an in vivo inhibitor from barley at a dose of 10 g/l delayed the development of influenza for 8 days. The ovomukoid possessed only prophylactic properties at a dose of 100 gamma / ml. With an increase in dose, it was toxic to animals. Trielin at a dose of 10 g/l had a pronounced therapeutic effect in influenza and was not toxic. The presence of hemagglutinin influenza virus in the lungs of treated mice was observed only on the 10th day after infection; 40% of the animals remained alive for 14 days (observation period).
Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome associated to Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, Military Hospital of Gabes, Gabes, Tunisia, Bouomrani Salem ,   Sfax Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia, Lamloum Ines ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Military Hospital of Gabes, Gabes, Tunisia,   Sfax Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia, Mesfar Rim ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Military Hospital of Gabes, Gabes, Tunisia,   Sfax Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
Published: September 2021

Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome (MRS) is a rare neuromucocutaneous granulomatous disorder classically defined by the triad: fissured tongue (lingua plicata), recurrent orofacial edema, and relapsing facial paralysis. Association with other dysimmune disorders was reported suggesting an immunological origin to this syndrome. The association with autoimmune thyroiditis remains exceptional and unusual. We report the original case of an MRS associated with Hashimoto autoimmune thyroiditis in a 39-year-old Tunisian man with favorable outcome under thyroxine and systemic glucosteroids. A dosage of thyroid hormones and a screening for anti-thyroid antibodies would be useful in patients with an MRS.
Banana fibers camouflaging as a gut worm in a 6-month-old infant
Authors:   Life Inspiration Social Foundation, Kolhapur 416008, India, Patil Abhinandan , Mali Vijay ,   Department of Pediatrics, D Y Patil Hospital, Kolhapur 416003, India, Patil Rajendra ,   Department of Pathology, D Y Patil Medical College, Kolhapur 416006, India
Published: September 2021

Worm infestation issue is a common health condition observed mostly in Asian countries. The prevalence of worms in children is higher due to the habit of playing in mud or outdoors which is not found in the case of an infant. Very rarely worm infestation is observed in infants. There is a need for an investigation to be carried out for live worms in the stool. Sometimes the change in the diet of the infant, irregular bowel movements, and worm-like things in stool makes an alarming situation. We report the original case of a 6-month-old infant camouflaging for worm infestation due to the presence of the thread-like parasite in stool. The routine stool and chemical analysis of black thread thing from stool revealed solid diet fibers of banana and not any parasitic infection.
α-amylase and α-glucosidase antidiabetic potential of ten essential oils from Calophyllum inophyllum Linn
Authors:   Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Organic Chemistry Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, Ojah Emmanuel Onah , Moronkola Dorcas Olufunke ,   Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Organic Chemistry Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria,   Marine and Biodiversity Center, Chemistry Department, Meston Building, University of Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom, Mukaram Adeniyi-Akee ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Igbinedion University, Okada, Edo State of Nigeria, Nigeria
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a multifactorial metabolic disorder which is of public health concern. Therapeutic intervention using reliable, affordable and non-toxic natural sources is crucial. Aim of the study: This research was designed to evaluate the α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of ten essential oils from Calophyllum inophyllum Linn. The study is part of our local sourcing for natural promising leads to ameliorating diabetes mellitus globally. Materials and methods: Essential oils from ten parts of C. inophyllum Linn were extracted by hydro-distillation using all-glass Clevenger-type apparatus. The percentage yields (w/v) were between 0.219 and 0.506 %. A plot of percentage inhibition versus concentration (mg/mL) of essential oils gave the IC50 values for each essential oil using non-linear regression analysis in reference to acarbose a standard anti-diabetic drug. Results: The following IC50 values (mg/mL) were obtained in the determination of α-amylase inhibition: [(Leaf, 0.043±0.05); (Leaf-stalk, 0.044±0.02); (Flower, 0.045±0.05); (Seed, 0.042±0.03); (Pod, 0.040±0.05); (Peel, 0.047±0.09); (Stem wood, 0.047±0.02); (Stem bark, 0.049±0.05); (Root wood, 0.048±0.05) and (Root bark, 0.046±0.04)] compared to acarbose (0.034±0.02). While α-glucosidase assay gave the following IC50 values (mg/mL): [(Leaf, 0.044±0.02); (Leaf-stalk, 0.043±0.03); (Flower, 0.044±0.04); (Seed, 0.048±0.02); (Pod, 0.038±0.04); (Peel, 0.048±0.03); (Stem wood, 0.048±0.04); (Stem bark, 0.048±0.02); (Root wood, 0.047±0.04) and (Root bark, 0.045±0.04)] with reference to acarbose (0.032±0.04). The high α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of pod essential oil in comparison with the reference drug must be due to the presence of some impact bioactive phyto-contituents in it. Conclusion: C. inophyllum Linn has been considered a fundamental source of potent anti-diabetic drugs which could be useful in the management of postprandial hyperglycemia.
Implementation of good pharmacy practice standards; a step forward in Libya’s pharmacies
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Zawia, Zawia, Lybia, Alsharif Shukri M. , Elmezughi Saadoun O. ,   Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Zawia, Zawia, Lybia, Sherif Fathi M. ,   Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Lybia
Published: September 2021

The practice of pharmacy in health care societies continues to undergo evolutionary and even radical changes. It has changed to a personal health service charged with assuring pharmaceutic and therapeutic appropriateness of all its functions in the care of patients. The purpose of this study is to review and analysis the historical stages of development of the good pharmaceutical practice (GPP) requirements and to recommend a guideline for the implementation of GPP standards in Libya as a way to improve the pharmaceutical care and profession. The study designates that the development of the GPP standards should be committed at the public professional organizations levels as pharmaceutical syndicates and associations as the national regulation of pharmacy practices in various countries and the local health authorities. This requires basic skills of documentation, professional and communication with all relative professions and it, therefore, is important to establish standards for community, hospital and consultant pharmacists to promote the pharmaceutical mission.
Efficacy of casein phosphopeptide varnish reducing dental hypersensitivity: A randomized clinical trial
Authors:   Department of Periodontics, Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Airport Road, Debari, Udaipur-313024, India, Bapna Rakhi A. , Shetty Neema ,   Department of Periodontics, Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Airport Road, Debari, Udaipur-313024, India, Mathur Aditi ,   Department of Periodontics, Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Airport Road, Debari, Udaipur-313024, India, Bali Ashish ,   Department of Periodontics, Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Airport Road, Debari, Udaipur-313024, India, Taki Mumtak ,   Department of Periodontics, Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Airport Road, Debari, Udaipur-313024, India, Devani Vivek R. ,   Department of Periodontics, Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Airport Road, Debari, Udaipur-313024, India
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is the most common concern faced by most dentists in their day-to-day clinical practice. It is characterized by short-term, acute pain of variable intensity, which occurs in response to thermal, tactile, osmotic or chemical stimuli that cannot be attributed to any other type of defect or dental decay. Casein phosphopeptide varnish is a newer material used to treat dentinal hypersensitivity as it reduces demineralization and promotes remineralization. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of casein phosphopeptide based varnish (MI Varnish®) vs sodium fluoride-based varnish (Fluoritop SR® varnish) in treating dentinal hypersensitivity. Materials and methods: 40 subjects with a chief complaint of DH were divided into two equal groups, Group A (MI varnish®) and Group B (Fluoritop SR® varnish). Scaling and root planing was done and sensitivity was assessed using Visual analog scale (VAS) at baseline. On the 14th day, sensitivity was reassessed using VAS. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using students‘t’ test. Results: On intragroup comparison, VAS scale showed a statistically significant difference for both the groups. On intergroup comparison, no statistical difference was found between both groups. (p = 0.139) Conclusions: From the above results, it can be concluded that MI varnish® and Fluoritop SR® varnish are equally efficacious in reducing dentinal hypersensitivity.
Triggering cultured human osteoblast-like cells’ maturation by an extremely low magnitude alternating electromagnetic field
Authors:   Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Research, Rambam Health Care Campus and Ruth & Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel, Rosenberg Nahum
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Alternating and pulsed electromagnetic magnetic fields (AEMF and PEMF) of different amplitudes and frequencies can induce metabolic and proliferative effects in osteoblasts, but there is no clearly directed tendency of these effects. I hypothesize that there are extremely low triggering parameters of alternating electromagnetic field (EMF) intensity, i.e., above the background magnetic field on earth but below the lowest AEMF and PEMF that have been investigated to date (above 0.07 mT and below 0.4 mT) that induce cellular response. Methods: Accordingly, human monolayer explant culture replica were exposed four times in 24-hour intervals to two minutes of 10 kHz AEMF or PEMF (10 Hz pulses at a basic 5 kHz frequency) with a maximal EMF intensity of 0.2 mT for both. Cell proliferation was estimated from microscopic cell counting and cell death by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) specific activity in culture media (measured using a colorimetric method). The early marker of osteoblast maturation, cellular alkaline phosphatase (AP) specific activity, was measured using a colorimetric method (n=6 for all experiment conditions). Results: No difference was found in cell numbers in the culture samples exposed either to AEMF or PEMF and in the LDH’s specific activity in culture media in comparison to the unexposed controls (p>0.05, for both). The cellular AP’s specific activity increased significantly only in cell cultures exposed to the 10 kHz AEMF (p=0.011). Conclusions: The triggering for human osteoblast activation for maturation by an extremely low AEMF (10 kHz) is at least 0.2 mT, which is distinct and below the previously found triggering range of a PEMF for proliferation induction. Therefore, application of these EMF parameters in a clinical setup by a separate finetuning of osteoblast proliferation and maturation might have a therapeutic value in enhancing damaged bone regeneration.
Prevalence and Determinants of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy/Foot Syndrome in the Rural Population of North India
Authors:   Department of Community Medicine, MM Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Mullana, Haryana, India, Bashar MD Abu , Verma Madhur ,   Department of Community and Family Medicine, AIIMS, Bhatinda, Punjab, India
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), a common and troublesome complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), leads to a higher risk of diabetic foot ulcers and lower limb amputation. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of DPN among patients of type 2 DM from rural North India and associated risk factors for the condition. Materials and Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was carried out among type 2 diabetic patients attending the Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) clinic of a secondary care hospital in rural North India. A questionnaire that included sociodemographic details, clinical and laboratory parameters, and the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI) for detecting peripheral neuropathy was administered to 100 consecutive eligible patients. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0 was used for entering and analyzing data. Bivariate analysis was performed to determine the factors significantly associated with the presence of DPN. Results: The prevalence of DPN was found to be 42.0%. Male gender, advancing age (≥60 years), longer duration of diabetes (>10 years), smoking, physical inactivity, obesity, uncontrolled blood pressure, poor glycemic control and altered lipid profile were found to be significantly associated with the presence of DPN. Conclusions: The prevalence of DPN among type 2 diabetes patients from rural northern India is alarmingly high. There is a need for essential screening of all diabetic patients by their primary care provider for early detection of DPN, particularly in rural India.
Editorial
Authors: CEPPES
Published: September 2021

Apresentação dos artigos desta edição.
Mandela líder maior de uma geração de Pan-africanismo Libertário
Authors: Aquino da Silva Renata , Cunha Júnior Henrique
Published: September 2021

Este artigo aborda Nelson Mandela como um líder praticante das ideias do pan-africanismo, das filosofias africanas e dos pensamentos políticos, propondo uma reflexão sobre a autoctonia dos povos africanos e o combate ao eurocentrismo e à dominação ocidental. Madiba, liderança que difundiu ideias que implicaram a responsabilidade com paz e do bem estar à espécime humana, defendeu a população negra como parte de uma identidade cultural, política, econômica e social de povos que vivem ou são originárias do continente africano.
A participação social mediada pelas tecnologias de informação e comunicação – TIC
Authors: Roedel Daniel
Published: September 2021

O artigo aborda o uso das tecnologias de informação e comunicação pelos movimentos sociais, destacando seu potencial de mobilização, bem como restrições. Alerta que as TIC não são neutras, pois reproduzem os conflitos do ambiente concreto e cumprem papel político no atual contexto. Apresenta o Marco Civil da Internet, em implementação no Brasil, como importante instrumento de apoio à participação social, enfatizando, porém, que a disputa pelo uso democrático da rede está aberta e dependerá da correlação de forças na sociedade civil.
Sobre a orientação econômica do partido da Frente Nacional (Front National)
Authors: Tarrit Fabien
Published: September 2021

Na tradição fascista, no coração da qual foi fundada, a Frente Nacional é um partido burguês que defende de forma inequívoca o capitalismo, particularmente o capital industrial nacional enfraquecida pelo aumento do capital financeiro. Para defender o seu eleitorado tradicional, a pequena burguesia (artesãos e comerciantes) enfraquecidos pela competição, ele defende o Estado forte limitado às suas funções repressivas. Ele tenta expandir seu eleitorado, dirigindo-se aos trabalhadores, enquanto procura enganar os sindicatos enfraquecendo e dividindo os trabalhadores franceses e trabalhadores estrangeiros. É principalmente um inimigo para os trabalhadores e, por vezes, desempenha o papel de estímulo para partidos burgueses tradicionais.
Resenha: Sombras autoritárias e totalitárias no Brasil: integralismo, fascismo e repressão política.
Authors: CEPPES
Published: September 2021

Resenha: Sombras autoritárias e totalitárias no Brasil: integralismo, fascismo e repressão política. Vinicius Ramos resenha o livro Sombras autoritárias e totalitárias no Brasil: integralismo, fascismo e repressão política. João Fábio BERTONHA (Org.), Maringá: Eduem, 2013.
تطوير طريقة مشتقة طرح الاطياف لتقدير بعض الادوية المضادة للاحتقان بشكل آني
Authors: حمد مؤمن فريد , حنون عماد طارق , خليل علي ابراهيم
Published: September 2021

تم تقدير مزيج من عقاقير الكلورفينيرامين ماليت[CPM ] والباراسيتامول [Para] وهيدروكلوريد الفينيل فرين [PPH] بصورة آنية باستعمال طريقة مطورة من دون الحاجة الى فصل مسبق للعقاقير وفي نفس المستحضر الصيدلاني، وهكذا تكون الطريقة بسيطة وسريعة ودقيقة. ان الطريقة المقترحة تعتمد على مشتقة طرح الأطياف، وذلك بطرح طيفي امتصاص عقارين متداخلين من طيف امتصاص مزيج لثلاث عقاقير وناتج العملية هو طيف امتصاص العقار الثالث المراد تقديره ومن ثم يتم اشتقاق هذا الطيف باستعمال نمطي المشتقة الأولى والثانية، وتعاد هذه العملية عند تقدير كل عقار. وقد اظهرت النتائج ان مدى الخطية كان ]0.1-15[ و]0.1-40[ و ]0.5-50[ مكغم.مل-1، بينما تراوحت قيمة RSD% (0.068- 5.508) و(1.649-] 0.143[ و]3.744- 0.144[، وقيم  R.E% ]-3.542 - -0.049[ و]0.004 - -0.958[ و]-2.250 - 1.771[، للعقاقير]  CPM وPara وPPH [على التوالي. تم تطبق الطريقة المقترحة وكانت ناجحة في تقدير العقاقير في بعض المستحضرات الدوائية.
اختبار كفاءة السماد الحيوي من العزلة المحلية Bradyrhizobium japonicum في نمو وحاصل نبات فول الصويا L. Glycine max
Authors: Mahdi Wael Mohammed Mahdi , الكرطاني عبد الكريم عريبي سبع
Published: September 2021

اجريت تجربة حقلية لاختبار كفاءة السماد الحيوي المحضر من العزلة المحلية Bradyrhizobium japonicum في نمو وحاصل نبات فول الصوياL.  Glycine max في تربة مزيجه معقمة وغير معقمة. اظهرت النتائج زيادة معنوية في جميع الصفات المدروسة لفول الصويا في المعاملات المسمدة، وكانت الزيادة المئوية للمعاملات المسمدة مقارنة بالمعاملات غير المسمدة في عدد العقد ووزنها الرطب والجاف 205.80%، 677.77%، 2250% على التتابع، أما الوزن الجذري والخضري الجاف فقد كانت الزيادة 173.84%، 149.94%، وتفوقت المعاملات المسمدة في ارتفاع النبات والمساحة الورقية ونسبة النيتروجين في الاجزاء الخضرية على المعاملات غير المسمدة، وبزيادة مئوية بلغت 30.02%، 244.04%، 27.66 على التتابع. كما اظهرت النتائج تفوق المعاملات المسمدة معنويا على غير المسمدة في عدد القرنات بالنبات والحاصل الكلي ونسبة البروتين في البذور، وكانت الزيادة المئوية 56.97% ، 149.15% ، 29.80% على التتابع. اما عن نتائج التعقيم فقد اظهرت فروقا معنوية في وزن العقد الرطب والجاف والوزن الخضري الجاف والمساحة الورقية فضلا عن الحاصل الكلي ونسبة البروتين مقارنة بغير المعقمة. إذ بلغت الزيادة المئوية 400%، 633.33%، 10.15% ، 17.37%، 27.41% ،11.26% على التتابع. أما نتائج التداخل الثنائي بين التسميد الحيوي والتعقيم، فقد تفوقت المعاملة المسمدة والمعقمة معنويا على المعاملة غير المسمدة والمعقمة في جميع الصفات المدروسة، ولم يكن بين المعاملة المسمدة والمعقمة والمعاملة المسمدة وغير المعقمة فرقا معنويا في بعض تلك الصفات، ويمكن ان تعزى هذه النتيجة الى كفاءة السلالة المستعملة في حالة التعقيم وقدرتها في منافسة البكتريا المستوطنة في احداث الاصابة وتكوين العقد في الجذور.
A vida segundo o Cristo compassivo e misericordioso
Authors: Gonzaga Waldecir , Belem Doaldo Ferreira
Published: September 2021

O tema que nos é proposto para esta edição de Estudos Bíblicos “Cuidar da vida” constitui um desafio para todos nós, sobremaneira diante de toda a situação criada no mundo frente à atual pandemia do Coronavírus (COVID-19) e todos os demais sofrimentos, dificuldade e problemas que enfrentamos diariamente, como a ausência de paz no mundo, as migrações forçadas que estamos presenciando na atualidade, a fome, a miséria, racismo, intolerância, falta de políticas públicas, saúde e educação, as perseguições a cristãos in odium fidei e a violência crescentes em nosso meio. O debruçar-nos sobre o Cristo compassivo e misericordioso nos conduz dentro daquilo que se encontra no coração do Deus da vida, realçado ainda mais no mistério e ministério do Verbum Incarnatus: “Eu vim para que todos tenham vida e a tenham em abundância” (Jo 10,10). O Novo Testamente nos apresenta modos expressivos de cuidar da vida, como a via caritatis, o amor ao próximo, o cuidado com os mais fragilizados, a prática da misericórdia, os rituais de pureza e todas as demais formas de defender a saúde e a vida. Relendo os textos do Novo Testamento, deparamo-nos com um dado: enquanto os sinóticos e cartas paulinas trabalham o tema da misericórdia (compaixão) como defesa da vida, em todos os sentidos, a literatura joanina não emprega este termo e sim “vida”. Nosso artigo quer colaborar oferecendo um estudo nessa dupla direção e forma de cuidar da vida.
“Até quando, Senhor?”: do grito de sofrimento à confiança no Senhor em tempos de crise e pandemia à luz do Salmo 13
Authors: Silveira Rogério Goldoni
Published: September 2021

Inserido no Livro I do Saltério (Sl 3–41), o Sl 13 é uma lamentação individual na qual o salmista apresenta todo o seu sofrimento diante do Senhor, suplica e, por fim, manifesta a sua confiança no Senhor.  A observação dos elementos sintáticos, semânticos e estilísticos facilita a determinação da sua estrutura em três seções: na primeira (Sl 13,1-3), após o título (v. 1), é apresentado o lamento (v. 2-3), que se faz ouvir diante do Senhor por meio da repetida e enfática pergunta “até quando, Senhor?”; na segunda (Sl 13,4-5), o salmista eleva a sua súplica (v. 4abc) e manifesta a motivação deste pedido de ajuda (v. 4d-5c); na terceira (Sl 13,6), há a declaração de confiança e o louvor, prestado ao Senhor, que age em sua vida. Os elementos da seção II parecem espelhar a seção I. E, de modo geral, este Salmo, que é um modelo dos Salmos de lamentação, revela o movimento estabelecido na vida do orante: do grito de socorro e de uma situação de tormento (v. 2-3) rumo à saída definitiva deste estado de crise profunda. Ao final, sentindo-se ouvido pelo Senhor, o salmista eleva o seu “hino de louvor” cantado em breves palavras (v. 6cd), mas alicerçado na ação segura e firme do Senhor. Por todos estes motivos, o Sl 13 apresenta-se como um importante caminho de oração para o ser humano que vive em meio às crises neste tempo de pandemia.
Pasqyrimi i themelimit të Normales së Elbasanit në shtypin kombëtar
Authors: KOLIQI Hajrullah
Published: September 2021

Njëqind e dhjetë vjet më parë, më 1 dhjetor 1909, filloi veprimtarinë e saj Normalja e Elbasanit, “tempulli i ditunisë kombëtare”, siç e cilësoi drejtori i parë i saj, Luigj Gurakuqi. Themelimi i Normales shënon një ngjarje të madhe dhe pikë referimi në historinë e arsimit dhe të shkollës kombëtare shqipe. Ajo ishte shkolla e parë e mesme profesionale, pedagogjike shqipe në gjeografinë shqiptare. Ishte shkollë kombëtare, jo vetëm nga forma dhe përmbajtja, por edhe për faktin se nxënësit, mësimdhënësit dhe veprimtarët e saj ishin nga vise të ndryshme të Shqipërisë etnike dhe nga ngulimet e diasporës shqiptare. Ishte institucion iluminist me të cilin u bashkua dhe identifikua një komb i tërë. Normalen e Elbasanit, Luigj Gurakuqi fillimisht e përkufizoi si “shkollë të madhe për mësonjës”. Zyrtarisht u quajt Shkolla Normale e Elbasanit, u mbiquajt “Normalja e Xhuvanit” (për nder të drejtorit, ideatorit dhe profesorit shumëvjeçar të saj, Aleksandër Xhuvanit), ndërsa studiuesit e mëvonshëm, duke iu referuar kontekstit historik, funksionit dhe rëndësisë së saj për arsimin e shqiptar, atë e cilësuan “akademi pedagogjike”, përkatësisht “universiteti i parë shqiptar”.
Políticas para educação infantil e promoção da igualdade racial: análises a partir de materiais produzidos por sistemas privados de ensino e aderidos por redes públicas
Authors: De Carvalho Thais Regina
Published: September 2021

O presente artigo abordará alguns apontamentos sobre as políticas para a educação infantil, com foco na inserção de sistemas privados de ensino nessa etapa da educação básica. Para isso, discutiremos sobre a adesão, o aumento e a permanência de sistemas privados de ensino em redes municipais de educação infantil. Ancorando-nos no artigo 26-A da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação, analisaremos imagens de dez livros didáticos com o intuito de verificar as formas como as personagens negras e brancas estão representadas. A coleta de dados foi formada a partir de análises de conteúdo. As reflexões estão embasadas nos estudos críticos sobre relações raciais no Brasil, educação infantil e adoção de sistemas privados de ensino. Os resultados retratam a reprodução das características das relações raciais brasileiras.
Professoras e bebês: uma docência interpretativa-relacional
Authors: Oliveira dos Santos Marlene
Published: September 2021

O presente artigo discute a docência interpretativa-relacional na Educação Infantil. Os principais argumentos teóricos dialogam com estudos de Tardif, Lessard, Martins Filho, Delgado, Heidegger e outros pesquisadores do campo da Educação Infantil. A pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, do tipo descritiva, escutou seis professoras que exerceram a docência com bebês na rede pública de ensino de um município brasileiro. As narrativas de cada docente foram ouvidas em encontros denominados Tertúlias Narrativas. Concluiu-se que a docência interpretativa-relacional é experienciada cotidianamente por professoras e bebês e que toda interpretação vem acompanhada de uma ação, pois quando a professora interpreta, ela age, estabelece relação e se move em direção ao bebê, reconhecendo-o como um sujeito potente, capaz e criativo, princípio fundante para o trabalho pedagógico.
A potência da pedagogia freireana no contexto do autoritarismo na educação brasileira
Authors: Gomes Dantas Lúcio , Gonçalves de Freitas Lêda
Published: September 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre a potência da educação freireana frente ao ímpeto conservador autoritário do Brasil contemporâneo, expondo a ascensão do movimento reacionário em curso no Brasil. Para tanto, aponta como a história do Brasil é marcada pelo autoritarismo, em que se produziu a morte de milhares de povos originários; o processo de escravidão, que humilhou e vilipendiou centenas de outras pessoas; as ditaduras e a profunda desigualdade social encravada no país. Metodologicamente, tem-se um estudo exploratório que propicia uma reflexão sobre o legado da obra de Paulo Freire frente à afirmação de valores plurais e democráticos, necessários para realizar uma educação dialógica e problematizadora. Apresenta ainda elementos autoritários que já estão postos no contexto educacional brasileiro sob o espectro sombrio do perigo totalitário. Nesse sentido, este estudo ancorou-se nas luzes do pensamento arendtiano a respeito do sistema totalitário, reportando-se a um tempo de limitações de liberdade, de rigorosa perseguição política e de injustiça social. Entretanto, é pela indignação que se faz mover o mundo, sem perder a esperança de poder apreciá-lo na “boniteza” que a construção pedagógica, politicamente assumida, leva à liberdade. Assim, quando as raízes da educação são fincadas no horizonte da equidade, da amorosidade com as pessoas e da plena cidadania, a educação se torna humanizadora. Com isso a educação libertadora, sob a égide do pensamento de Paulo Freire, pode ancorar-se, sem sombra de dúvidas, em princípios éticos, para se alcançar os mais altos graus da escala do desenvolvimento humano.
A disputa dos recursos públicos da educação básica, os arranjos do estado com o mercado e seus impactos na gestão democrática e participativa da educação no âmbito dos municípios
Authors: Roggero Rosemary , Zanini da Silva Adriana
Published: September 2021

Este trabalho analisa o financiamento da educação, com foco na transferência dos recursos da Educação Básica para o setor privado e seus impactos para a gestão democrática da educação, no âmbito dos municípios. Justifica-se pelo processo de disputa em que se encontram a regulamentação no Novo Fundeb e os recursos destinados à Educação Básica brasileira, neste período de capitalismo financeiro, e pela importância do acompanhamento das tensões na regulamentação do Conselho de Acompanhamento e Controle Social (CACS) do Fundeb. A questão que se coloca é: a que está vinculado todo esse processo? Para respondê-la, considerando o objetivo e a justificativa apresentados, o trabalho se fundamenta em estudos teóricos e empíricos sobre a temática. Conclui-se que o comprovado avanço do capital em vários setores da educação básica impacta a gestão democrática e participativa da educação, no âmbito dos municípios, colocando em risco o fortalecimento da escola pública como garantia do direito constitucional à educação e como caminho para a redução das desigualdades sociais. E também que esse processo é parte do projeto neoliberal de interesse de determinados grupos nacionais e internacionais, acelerado pelo avanço de um certo radicalismo de direita no país.
Financiamento e expansão do ensino médio: o caso da diversificação da oferta no Ceará
Authors: Lerche Vieira Sofia , Maia Vidal Eloisa , Sousa Queiroz Paulo Alexandre
Published: September 2021

O artigo tem como objetivo discutir o financiamento da educação básica identificando seus nexos com a expansão e a diversificação da oferta de ensino médio nos últimos quarenta anos, tomando o Ceará como exemplo. Utiliza a metodologia de natureza explicativa, com uso de fontes de informações históricas, envolvendo dados quantitativos, documentos oficiais e fontes secundárias de autores com produção sobre o assunto. Os resultados mostram que, até 2007, ano de criação do Fundeb, se observa um descompasso entre as condições de financiamento e a expansão das matrículas e que o ensino médio, nesse período, dependia apenas de recursos do tesouro estadual ou dos programas federais específicos e intercorrentes. A partir de 2005, começa a ocorrer estabilidade de matrículas e se inicia a diversificação da oferta, incluindo educação profissional e a de tempo integral, favorecida pelas condições de financiamento e pelo incentivo do Governo Federal, com programas e projetos dirigidos essas ofertas. No Ceará, um conjunto de iniciativas relacionadas à diversificação da oferta de ensino médio criou quatro tipos de escolas no interior da rede estadual, que, embora convivam em relativa harmonia, apresentam diferentes condições de acesso e de permanência dos alunos, revelando situações de iniquidades agudas no que se refere ao direito à educação.
PROFITABILITY OF RED SWEET PEPPER (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.) PRODUCTION IN FIELD CULTIVATION
Authors: Sobczak Wioleta , Sobczak Anna Maria
Published: September 2021

The aim of the study was to assess the profitability of red sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) production in relation to incurred labor and capital inputs in selected horticultural farms. The analyzed group consisted of farms producing sweet pepper in traditional cultivation in the districts of Przysucha and Radom. To determine the correlation between income in the analyzed farms and expenditure, in this study, the multiple Cobb-Douglas production function was applied. Data were generated by implementing the cost accounting method for estimating the feasibility of production and it was analyzed by using project evaluation methods, like the Pay Back Period (PBP), Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR), Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). The results of the estimation of Cobb-Douglas production function parameters show that the dominant positive impact on the gross return value was the cost of seedlings, irrigation costs and overhead costs. The conducted analyzes showed that the NPV for the investment is PLN 240,148, with a B/C ratio of 1.78. On the other hand, the PBP, in this case, amounts to 1.45 crop season and the IRR reached a level of 22% annually.The sensitivity analysis carried out showed that the most important factors affecting the profitability of pepper production in field cultivation are product prices, seed costs, fertilizer costs and human labor costs.
RATIONALE BEHIND AND DILEMMAS OVER CONSOLIDATION AND COOPERATION OF COOPERATIVE BANKS IN POLAND
Authors: Kata Ryszard
Published: September 2021

The study analyses the processes of consolidation of cooperative banks in Poland in 2010-2020 and the cooperation of banks within operating cooperative banking associations. The essence of the processes of consolidation and cooperation of cooperative banks was determined and their premises, scale and effects to date were presented. The main focus was on the analysis of factors determining the need for the further transformation of the cooperative banking sector in Poland and the role that may be played by bank consolidation and various forms of cooperation of cooperative banks in this process. It has been shown that the consolidation of banks, consisting of taking over economically weak banks by larger cooperative banks, better performing on the market, is necessary, but it is not a solution leading to the development of the sector. Such a solution may be the tightening of cooperation between banks within associations, leading to the gradual integration of selected areas of banking activity while maintaining the autonomy of local banks in relations (at the contact) with customers.
Culture Functions for Creating Security Culture
Authors: Ostolski Paweł
Published: September 2021

Background: Publications on the issues of creating security culture are a valuable source of inspiration for research into the functions of culture. However, researchers generate different conclusions. They even suggest interdisciplinary consideration of facts, situations, phenomena and processes that take place in a complex security environment. This article is an answer to the main research question: what are the functions of the elements of culture for creating a security culture?
Objectives: The research goal is to indicate selected definitions of culture and to identify the functions of culture for transformational changes in security culture. Moreover, the author, based on his knowledge and experience, gives examples of the implementation of these functions.
Methods: The research process required the use of a critical analysis of the content of the literature, synthesis, abstraction, generalization, interpretation, analogy and comparison. Additionally, empirical case study methods and implicit participant observation were used.
Results: The article contains selected definitions of culture with its components. The author presented the functions of culture for creating a high level of security culture.
Conclusions: The research results show that the security culture is influencing by the following variables: intellectual culture, emotional potential and ethical culture.
Biotic Relations Between Pathogenic Leptospires And Green Algae
Authors: Hulai Olexandr , Hulai Vitalii , Tkachuk Nataliia
Published: September 2021

Leptospira interrogans spirochetes belong to a group of pathogens of particularly dangerous infections that cause leptospirosis in many species of wild, farm and domestic animals, as well as humans. Significant economic damage caused by this disease to livestock around the world, numerous cases of death from leptospirosis, and mainly waterborne transmission of the infection determine the topicality of studying all the aspects of the existence of L. interrogans in freshwater ecosystems. The objective of our study was to determine the nature of ecological relationships between L. interrogans and green algae. We used green algae of the Desmodesmus brasiliensis species as a model object. In the experiments, sterile algae culture filtrates were added to L. interrogans containers grown at 27–28 °C. Comparison of the content of spirochete cells in the experiment and control samples, conducted 24 hours after exposure, showed that the reproduction of L. interrogans is markedly inhibited in the samples containing algae secretions at the dilutions of 1:10 and 1:100. In order to reduce resistance to the allelopathic influence of D. brasiliensis algae, leptospira strains were located as follows: Pomona, Australis, Hebdomadis, Canicola, Sejroe, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Grippotyphosa, Tarassovi. The obtained results indicate a complex intraspecific structure of L. interrogans and their high ecological plasticity. In addition, experimental data indicate that, due to the release of biologically active substances into the aquatic environment, green algae have the potential to affect the dynamics of a number of leptospirosis pathogens in situ. Given the important epidemiological and epizootic significance of pathogenic leptospira, further research is necessary to determine the patterns of their interactions and existence in the environment.
Palm Oil Industries in Malaysia and Possible Treatment Technologies for Palm Oil Mill Effluent: A Review
Authors: Kristanti Risky Ayu , Hadibarata Tony , Yuniarto Adhi , Muslim Abrar
Published: September 2021

Palm oil industries have become the main sector to boost the economic revenue in tropical countries, especially in South East Asia. In the recent years, the global production of palm oil reached 72 million metric tons in 2018, increasing from about 68 million metric tons in 2017. During that period, Malaysia is currently the second world producer of palm oil after neighbouring country Indonesia. Both countries are the leading exporters of palm oil with 84 % of worldwide production.
A detailed analysis of the palm oil business in Malaysia, the environmental issues that have arisen, and the treatment technology used to effectively treat palm oil mill wastewater are reviewed to gain an understanding of environmental sustainability. In Malaysia, most of the oil palm plantations are owned by private conglomerates (61 %), followed by the independent smallholders (16 %), the Federal Land Development Authority (13 %), state agencies (6 %), the Federal Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Authority (3 %), and Rubber Industry Smallholders Development Authority (1 %). However, the rate of deforestation has increased due to the expansion of oil palm plantations in Malaysia. Palm oil mill effluent is also considered as one of the major environmental issues since it reduces the water quality index. Some techniques are implemented to treat palm oil mill effluent, such as anaerobic ponding systems, integrated anaerobic-aerobic bioreactors, coagulation and flocculation, thermochemical treatment, vermicomposting, membrane filtration, photocatalysis, moving bed biofilm reactors, and zero liquid discharge. Zero liquid discharge method is considered an appropriate method since this method provides a better waste recovery.