bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incident Management Approaches above the Incident Management Team Level in Australia
Authors: Bhandari Roshan Bhakta , Owen Christine , Trist Cain
Published: February 2015

This paper discusses incident management strategies widely used above the incident management team (IMT) level in the four Australian States namely, Victoria, New South Wales, Tasmania and Queensland. It begins with an overview of how incident management approaches above the IMT might differ from the local IMT level. By exploring this difference, this paper provides an insight into how emergency management personnel working above or beyond the local IMT level often deal with large scale multiple emergency events and require an understanding of broader problems that they might confront in the future. Then, it provides an outline of how strategic emergency management objectives are addressed in the state level arrangements in aforementioned jurisdictions. Specifically, this includes response orientations, state level emergency management facilities, long term thinking, the management of stakeholder relationships, leadership, and organisational adaptation and capacity building. Later, some of the challenges associated with incident management above the IMT level are discussed. Finally, the paper concludes by discussing the implications of this study to the emergency management sector.
Effect of Minor Additives on Bead Geometry and Shape Relationship Using Submerged Arc Welding Fluxes
Authors: Singh Brijpal , Khan Zahid Akhtar , Siddiquee Arshad Noor
Published: February 2015

Submerged arc welding (SAW) is extensively used because of its ability of metal refinement, deep penetration and protection from atmospheric contamination. In this study 20 base fluxes having CaO–SiO2–Al2O3 were prepared by agglomeration technique and CaF2, FeMn and NiO were added to study their effects on bead geometry (weld width, reinforcement and penetration) and shape relationship parameters (weld penetration shape factor and weld reinforcement form factor). The bead on plate welds was made on 18 mm thick MS plates using submerged arc welding. Welding parameters voltage, current and travel speed were kept constant. Design expert 8.0.7.1 has been used to develop mathematical models and ANOVA was used to check the accuracy and significance of the developed models. In this study the elements transferred to the welds during submerged arc welding have been correlated with the bead geometry.
New interval oscillation criteria
for second-order functional differential
equations with nonlinear damping
Authors: Öǧrekçi Süleyman
Published: February 2015

This paper concerns the oscillation problem of second-order nonlinear damped ODE with functional
terms.We give some new interval oscillation criteria which is not only based on constructing a lower solution of
a Riccati type equation but also based on constructing an upper solution for corresponding Riccati type equation.
We use a recently developed pointwise comparison principle between those lower and upper solutions to obtain our
results. Some illustrative examples are also provided to demonstrate our results.
The association between red blood cell
distribution width and acute pancreatitis
associated lung injury in patients with acute
pancreatitis
Authors: Peng You-Fan , Zhang Zhao-Xia , Cao Wei , Meng Cun-Ren , Xu Shen-Sheng , Zhang Qiong
Published: February 2015

B ackground: Red blood cell distribution width
(RDW) that describes red blood cell volume heterogeneity
is a common laboratory test. Our aim was to focus on
th e association between RDW and a c ute pancreatitis associated
lung injury (APALI). Methodology: A total of 152
acute pancreatitis (AP) patients who conformed to the criteria
w ere included in this study. The demographic data,
medical histories and laboratory measures was obtained
from each patient on admission, further, the medical histories
and biological data were analyzed, retrospectively.
Results: Increased RDW at admission was observed in
patients with APALI compared with the non-APALI groups.
Our results exhibited that RDW was an independent risk
factor for APALI after adjusting leukocyte, neutrophil percentage,
random blood glucose (RBG), total bilirubin (TB)
and total bile acid（TBA）(Crude model) (OR=2.671;CI
95% 1.145-6.230; P=0.023), further adjustment based on
Crude model for sex and age did not attenuate the significantly
high risk of APALI in patients with AP, RWD still
remained a ro les as an independent risk factor for APALI
(OR=2.653;CI95 % 1.123-6.138; P=0.026). Conclusions: Our study demonstrate that RDW at admission is associated
with APALI and should be considered as an underlying
risk factor of APALI.
Fractional thermal diffusion and the heat equation
Authors: Gómez Francisco , Morales Luis , González Mario , Alvarado Victor , López Guadalupe
Published: February 2015

Fractional calculus is the branch of mathematical
analysis that deals with operators interpreted
as derivatives and integrals of non-integer order. This
mathematical representation is used in the description of
non-local behaviors and anomalous complex processes.
Fourier’s lawfor the conduction of heat exhibit anomalous
behaviors when the order of the derivative is considered
as 0 < β,ϒ ≤ 1 for the space-time domain respectively.
In this paper we proposed an alternative representation of
the fractional Fourier’s law equation, three cases are presented;
with fractional spatial derivative, fractional temporal
derivative and fractional space-time derivative (both
derivatives in simultaneous form). In this analysis we introduce
fractional dimensional parameters σx and σt with
dimensions of meters and seconds respectively. The fractional
derivative of Caputo type is considered and the analytical
solutions are given in terms of the Mittag-Leffler
function. The generalization of the equations in spacetime
exhibit different cases of anomalous behavior and
Non-Fourier heat conduction processes. An illustrative example
is presented.
Analysis of the tensile properties of natural fiber and particulate reinforced polymer composites using a statistical approach
Authors: Navaneethakrishnan Sadayan , Athijayamani Ayyanar
Published: February 2015

In the present study, the effect of fiber and (5% wt) coconut shell powder (CSP) loading on the tensile properties of randomly oriented roselle fiber reinforced vinyl ester (RV) composites was carried out. Composite specimens were fabricated using the hand lay-up technique. It was observed that tensile properties of vinyl ester composites increase upon reinforcement with roselle fibers and CSP particles. The reinforcement of roselle fibers has significant effects on the tensile strength and modulus of the composite. The fractographic study was carried out on the surface of fractured composite specimens using scanning electron microscopy. A better interfacial adhesion, fiber dispersion and less fiber pull out on the surface of fractured composite specimens were identified. The tensile strength of RV composites has also been statistically analyzed by two-parameter Weibull distribution. Twenty-five tension tests were carried out. The results obtained varied between 37.89 MPa and 45.07 MPa. Furthermore, the inspection of the developed distribution was examined by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) test. The results show that the gained two-parameter Weibull distribution can be used to express the tensile strength and predict its values accurately.
Fabrication of hollow fiber microfiltration membrane from PVDF/DBP/DBS system via thermally induced phase separation process
Authors: Song Zhenyu , Yang Wei , Zhang Jinghui , Li Ye , Yuan Shanshan
Published: February 2015

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes were prepared via a thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) process using mixed diluent consisting of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and dibutyl sebacate (DBS). The compatibility between PVDF and mixed diluent was predicted via the solubility parameter theory and verified by experimental results. The effects of mixed diluent composition on cloud point temperature, crystallization temperature, crystallinity, crystal phase and morphology of the membrane were investigated. As a result, as DBS mass fraction in mixed diluent increased, the cloud point temperature and the crystallinity increased, the crystal phase transformed from β phase to α phase and the morphology of the membrane cross-section changed from spherulitic structures to a bicontinuous structure. PVDF hollow fiber membranes were prepared successfully with the PVDF/DBP/DBS system via the TIPS method. The coagulant composition had a significant influence on the water permeability. When the dimethylacetamide (DMAc) content in the coagulant was 60%, the water permeability reached 877 l/m2·h, while the rejection rate to the particles with a size of 200–500 nm was above 95%.
Enhanced delivery of diclofenac diethylamine loaded Eudragit RL 100® transdermal system against inflammation
Authors: Ali Asgar , Kumar Nitin , Ahad Abdul , Aqil Mohd. , Sultana Yasmin
Published: February 2015

A transdermal therapeutic system (TTS) of diclofenac diethylamine (DDE) was developed to obtain a prolonged controlled drug delivery by the solvent evaporation technique. The matrix diffusion controlled systems used various combinations of hydrophilic (polyvinylpyrrolidone K30) and lipophilic (Eudragit RL 100® and Eudragit RS 100®) polymers containing dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (0, 5 and 10% w/w) as a penetration enhancer. In vitro drug release was improved with an increased fraction of hydrophilic polymer. Formulation F8 containing Eudragit RL 100® and polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 in the ratio 40:60 presented the highest drug release (92.45%) and permeation rate (0.0988±0.010 mg/cm2/h) with sustained release action for 48 h. In vivo pharmacodynamic study of DDE-loaded Eudragit RL 100® transdermal system (formulation F8) showed significant higher percent inhibition of rat paw edema compared with the marketed formulation of the drug. Our results suggest that a developed formulation is an efficient system for transdermal diclofenac delivery against inflammation. The optimized formulation was found to be stable and did not show physicochemical interaction. The system is envisaged to be stable for a sufficiently long period (2.52 years) at room temperature.
Theoretical study on the relative energies of cationic pterin tautomers
Authors: Nekkanti Sindhura , Martin Christopher B.
Published: February 2015

Pterins are heterocyclic molecules of biological importance that contain several basic sites. These molecules can be protonated in aqueous solution resulting in a wide variety of structures that differ in their site of protonation and tautomeric form. In the present study, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were used to determine the relative energies of various protonated tautomers of 6-methylpterin in aqueous solution. A total of 32 different structures are compared resulting from protonation at six different sites on six pterin tautomers. MP2 calculations were also used to support the calculated energies of the six most stable structures. We find that the most basic sites among all 6-methylpterin tautomers is N1, N8, and N5 of the lactam, respectively, followed by N1 of the lactim. Calculated charge densities of the neutral 6-methylpterin structures using a natural population analysis (NPA) support protonation at these sites.
Binding affinities of folic acid and related pterins with biological macromolecules under physiological conditions
Authors: Soniat Michael , Martin Christopher B.
Published: February 2015

Folic acid and pterin derivatives are important heterocyclic compounds found in a variety of biological systems and have been shown to be photochemically active. Understanding the amount of binding that various pterins have with biological macromolecules under physiological conditions is important in predicting what specific biomolecules will bind with pterins and may, therefore, result in photochemical damage from charge-transfer reactions. The relative binding of folic acid, or pteroyl-L-glutamic acid (PteGlu), 6-methylpterin (Mep), 6-hydroxymethylpterin (Hmp), 6-formylpterin (Fop), and 6-carboxypterin (Cap) with bovine serum albumin (BSA), electrically neutral lipid (ENL), polyguanylic acid (Poly G), polycytidylic acid (Poly C), polyadenylic acid (Poly A), polythymidylic acid (Poly T), Micrococcus luteus DNA (72% GC), Escherichia coli DNA (50% GC), calf thymus DNA (42% GC), and Clostridium perfrigens DNA (27% GC) in neutral phosphate buffer were studied. Our results indicate that PteGlu demonstrated strong binding to neutral lipids, while the other pterins showed minimal binding, and BSA had a significant binding to PteGlu, Cap, and especially Fop. Our results also reveal a high affinity for DNA by PteGlu, which suggests that a relatively high percentage of folic acid is bound to DNA before photochemistry occurs.
Zur anomalen Absorption bei der Röntgen-Strahl-Beugung an Realkristallen/On the anomalous absorption with X-ray diffraction in imperfect crystals
Authors: Schulze G. E. R. , Stephan D.
Published: February 2015

Even imperfect thick crystals show consequences of Borrmann effect: 1. A light-dark structure of the tails of transmission-rocking curves can be detected. 2. The integrated intensities change.

A theoretical description of these phenomena is given. Experimental results and the information content especially of the tails of transmission curves are discussed in some detail.
Light Absorption by Pyrene Single Crystals Between 4 and 300 °K
Authors: Fischer D. , Naundorf G. , Klöpffer W.
Published: February 2015

Pyrene single crystals have been grown from zone refined material by sublimation and from the melt. The absorption edge has been measured for thick and thin crystals at room temperature. Thin crystals have been successfully cooled below the phase transition temperature (123 °K) without cracking. The sharp absorption peak at 376 nm vanishes at this temperature while the fluorescence spectrum remains unchanged. Using polarized light below 50 °K, a band with a maximum at 410 nm appears whose intensity increases with decreasing temperature. It is concluded that this band is due to ground-to-excimer state absorption in the ground state equilibrium distance of the pyrene molecules. The consequences of this finding for excimer-exciton transport is discussed.
Zur exakten Behandlung von kollektiven Rotational Teil B: Anwendungen / On the Exact Treatment of Collective Rotations. Part B: Applications
Authors: Ruder Hanns
Published: February 2015

In part B we deal with some applications and conclusions of the theory for collective rotations of quantum mechanical systems which has been treated in part A. In the first section we investigate the consequences of a body-fixed coordinate-system lying in the principal axes of inertia. We find that for this choice in general no specific decoupling is obtained, and therefore the so-called hydrodynamic moments of inertia are always a lower limit for the real moments of inertia of a system. Further the transition from a n-body system to the rigid body is carried out. In another section the symmetry conditions of systems with identical particles are treated. Especially we study the question how to define the optimal body-fixed frame of reference in a system of independent identical particles. Finally we compare the results of our exact theory of collective rotations with the results of the cranking model and find that only in the limit of an infinitely heavy core the cranking model leads to an exact expression for the moment of inertia.
Thermal Expansion of Silver Iodide
Authors: Jansson Bert , Sjöblom Carl-Axel
Published: February 2015

The linear thermal expansivity of polycrystalline silver iodide has been measured with a "Fused-Quartz Tube" apparatus in the temperature range 170 - 500 °C, the mean linear thermal expansion coefficient being

αt
180=(2.607 + 0.00182 t) 10-5 (°C-1).

An irregular change in the thermal expansivity was found close to 432 °C where an order-disorder transition has been reported.
Electromigration in fcc Li2SO4(K) and in hcp Li0.4Na1.6SO4
Authors: Lundén Arnold , Floberg Allan , Mattsson Ronny
Published: February 2015

Electromigration of impurity (0.1 to 1.3%) K ions in fcc Li2SO4 has been studied at about 650 °C. It is found that the mobility of the impurity K ion is either slightly larger or approximately equal to that of the abundant Li ion. On the other hand, the diffusivity of the K-ion is known to be some 40% less than that of the Li-ion. Possible explanations of this apparent discrepancy are discussed. For hcp Li0.4Na1.6SO4 at 560 °C the mobility is found to be some 55% higher for the Li ions than for the Na ions.
A Useful Simple Recursion Formula to Account for Inelastic Collision Effects on the Electron Distribution in a Plasma
Authors: Claaßen H. A.
Published: February 2015

The competitive effects of inelastic electron-atom collisions and electron-electron interactions on a sufficiently isotropic electron distribution is considered for a low temperature monatomic plasma. It is presupposed that unbalanced collisional transitions between ground state and resonance level of the plasma atoms are the dominant disturbance effect on the electron distribution. The unbalance is assumed to be due to resonance radiation escape and excitation diffusion. An analytical solution, which permits the calculation of the electron distribution even well above the ionization energy of the atomic ground state, is presented. In particular, it is demonstrated that due to the rapid decrease of the Coulomb cross section with increasing electron energy, the solution for the high energy tail of the electron distribution can be related to its form at lower energies by a simple recursion formula. The latter enables an easy computation of the ionization coefficients even for the lowest atomic energy levels. The analytical solution and its high energy approximation are numerically evaluated for the example of a low temperature -low pressure cesium plasma.
Gruppentheoretische Untersuchung der Bogoljubov — Valatin-Transformation und des HFB-Zustandes / Group Theoretical Investigation of the Bogoljubov—Valatin Transformation and the HFB State
Authors: Becker Heinz Günter
Published: February 2015

The structure of the Bogoljubov -Valatin transformation and the HFB state is investigated by group-theoretical methods. A direct proof of the Bloch-Messiah factorization theorem shows that the second factor which contains the BCS part of the BV transformation can be chosen always real. An unitary representation of the Bogoljubov-Valatin group in the Fock space is constructed which allows to write down various equivalent expressions for the HFB state vector. The relation between the "unitary form" and the usual form of | HFB〉 is clarified using the "quasispin" concept in connection with a theorem about the factorization of the D(3) Lie group.
Random Walk Theory Applied to Electron Avalanche Formation
Authors: Englert Gerald W.
Published: February 2015

Use of microscopic detail in random walk theory describing the initial formations of a large number of avalanches show that concomitant electron transport coefficients quickly relax to equilibrium values. This enables the use of random walks having step sizes and probabilities based only on local electric field strengths and densities. A self-consistent avalanche solution which accounts for collective long range Coulomb interactions as well as short range elastic and inelastic collisions between electrons and background atoms is demonstrated for helium. Avalanche growth retardation followed by an abrupt growth augmentation as time proceeds is shown to be associated with the formation of regions of charge density extrema near the avalanche axis and within the axial distance covered by the electron swarm.
Turbulent Diffusion with Memories and Intrinsic Shear
Authors: Tchen C. M.
Published: February 2015

The first part of the present theory is devoted to the derivation of a Fokker-Planck equation. The eddies smaller than the hydrodynamic scale of the diffusion cloud form a diffusivity, while the inhomogeneous, bigger eddies give rise to a nonuniform migratory drift. This introduces an eddyinduced shear which reflects on the large-scale diffusion. The eddy-induced shear does not require the presence of a permanent wind shear and is intrinsic to the diffusion. Secondly, a transport theory of diffusivity is developed by the method of repeated-cascade and is based upon a relaxation of a chain of memories with decreasing information. The cutoff is achieved by a randomization which brings statistical equilibrium. The number of surviving links varies in accordance with the number of subranges composing the spectrum. Since the intrinsitc shear provides a production subrange added to the inertia subrange, the full range of diffusion consists of inertia, composite and shear subranges. The theory predicts a variance σ2~t3, t12/5 and t2 and an eddy diffusivity K~l4/3, l7/6 for the above diffusions. The coefficients are evaluated. Comparison with experiments in the upper atmosphere and oceans is made.
Observation of Dislocations in a Conventional Scanning Electron Microscope
Authors: Guyot P. , Gjurasevic J. M.
Published: February 2015

A special transmission device has been adapted on a scanning electron microscope, in which the image is formed by secondary electrons generated by the transmitted ones in an underlying foil of metal. It is shown how this stage allows diffraction patterns and dislocations to be imaged in a conventional microscope (30 kV voltage, hairpin tungsten filament).
On the Charges of Atoms in Molecules
Authors: Hooydonk G. Van
Published: February 2015

Recently deduced values for the partial charges of atoms in molecules are compared with those predicted by Wilmshurst's expression for the bond polarity. The assumption that atoms in molecules can have fractional charges seems to lead to an ionic approximation to chemical bonding in the first place.
Precision Measurement of the γ-Ray Energies from the Radioactive Decay of 51Cr, 169Yb, 170Tm, 192Ir and 203Hg
Authors: Bordiert G. L. , Scheck W. , Wieder K. P.
Published: February 2015

The energies of the γ-rays from radioactive decay of 51Cr, 169Yb, 170Tm, 192Ir and 203Hg have been measured relative to the 411.794 keV standard from the decay of 198Au with relative accuracies between 4 × 10-7 and 4 × 10-6.
Structure Factors of Liquid Sodium and Potassium
Authors: Rao R. V. Gopala , Murthy A. K.
Published: February 2015

The liquid structure factors of sodium and potassium have been calculated by taking a Lennard-Jones 6:12 potential as a perturbation of the hard sphere potential in the mean spherical model approximation. Typical results are in good agreement with the experimental ones.
Photoelectric Atomic Absorption Cross Sections for Elements 2 = 6 to 54 in the Medium Energy X-ray Range 5 to 25 keY
Authors: Stephenson J. D.
Published: February 2015

A comparison is made between recent computations of X-ray photoeffect absorption cross sections, using screened hydrogen-like eigenfunctions, given in Part I1, and those of an alternate more rigorous theory together with those estimable from experimental X-ray absorption coefficients. Some inherent limitations, which restrict the present results, are discussed. Photoeffect mass absorption coefficients for a limited number of elements between Z = 10 and 39 are determined from the hydrogen-like theory, using five characteristic X-ray energies from NiLa 1 (0.852 keV) to TiLa 1 (4.511 keV)
Semiempirische SCF-LCAO-MO-Rechnungen als Zuordnungshilfe für 13C-chemische Verschiebungen / Semiempirical SCF-LCAO-MO-calculations as an Aid for the 13C-shift Determination
Authors: Sterk H. , Schmidt H. W.
Published: February 2015

It has been shown that charge density- and bondorder values in different linear relationships can build up a basis for the calculation of 13C-chemical shifts. This could be an aid for the assignement of different 13C signals
Irreversible Thermodynamics of Nonequilibrium Alignment Phenomena in Molecular Liquids and in Liquid Crystals
Authors: Hess Siegfried
Published: February 2015

The previously derived nonlinear constitutive laws for the friction pressure and the alignment tensor are applied to viscous flow, to the flow-induced alignment (flow birefringence) and its reciprocal effect. It is demonstrated that these phenomena may be treated by one set of equations, both in the isotropic and in the nematic phases. The flow alignment in the isotropic phase is also investigated in the temperature range where this phase is metastable.
Simulation of the Electron Energy Relaxation in a Weakly Ionized Plasma
Authors: Müller K. G. , Müller W. O.
Published: February 2015

The motion of electrons in a weakly ionized plasma under the influence of an electric field is simulated by a Monte Carlo method. Elastic and inelastic electron-atom collisions are taken into account using the experimental cross sections. In an application to a low pressure argon positive column the temporal and spatial relaxation of the electron energy distribution is calculated for high electric fields (30 ≦ E/p0 ≦ V/cm Torr). The influence of the wall recombination and the anisotropy due to the high field can be shown.
Photoelectric Atomic Absorption Cross Sections for Elements Z = 6 to 54 in the Medium Energy X-Ray Range (5 to 25 keV) — Part I
Authors: Hildebrandt G. , Stephenson J. D. , Wagenfeld H.
Published: February 2015

Photoelectric atomic absorption cross sections have been calculated by means of hydrogen-like eigenfunctions for the atomic K, L, M and N sub-shells of the elements Z = 6 to 54, using revised screening constants and an extension of the theory. The absorption cross sections have been further separated into dipole and quadrupole components so that the numerical data can also be applied to the Borrmann effect.
Structure of Molten Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba by X-ray Diffraction
Authors: Waseda Y. , Yokoyama K. , Suzuki K.
Published: February 2015

X-ray diffraction patterns have been measured on molten alkaline earth metals (Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba) in the temperature range from the melting points to 880 °C. In all cases the structure factors obtained were temperature insensitive. By the usual Fourier transformation of the structure factors, the atomic radial distribution functions were evaluated. From these the interatomic distances and coordination numbers were estimated. The structural information was applied to a discussion of the electron-transport properties using the Ziman theory.
A Note on the Self Consistent Approximation Method for the Evaluation of Radial Distribution Functions of Simple Fluids
Authors: Rao R. V. Gopala , Nammalvar T.
Published: February 2015

The self consistent approximation of Rowlinson, Carley and Lado has been applied to calculate the radial distribution functions of simple fluids (Neon, Krypton and Xenon) interacting with a Lennard-Jones 6:12 potential. It has been found that in general the self consistent values are nearer to the exact values than other values.
A Parameter to Quantify Molecular Quasilinearity
Authors: Yamada Koichi , Winnewisser Manfred
Published: February 2015

A simple parameter is proposed for expressing the quasilinearity of molecules in a quantitative way. The parameter γ0 is defined on the basis of a discussion of the separation of variables in the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. The parameter γ0 assumes the value +1 for bent molecules and -1 for linear molecules. The range from -1 to +1 traces the transition of a vibrational degree of freedom in the linear configuration of a polyatomic molecule into a rotational degree of freedom in the bent configuration. The sequence of molecules along this parameter is shown and model calculations are carried out to further illustrate the physical interpretation of the parameter.
Effect of Defect Structure on the Optical Dispersion Properties of Thin Films of TiNx
Authors: De Maayer P. J. P.
Published: February 2015

Thin films of TiNx with controlled composition were prepared by means of reactive electronbeam evaporation. Their microspecular reflectance was measured as a function of both wavelength and deviation from stoichiometry. The correlation between the electrical and optical properties as suggested by Hagen-Rubens and Drude was demonstrated
Analyse der Fluoreszenz von C6D6 -Mischkristallen durch IR-Modulation
Authors: Marquard J. , Aurich F. , Schumacher K. D.
Published: February 2015

Deuterated benzene mixed crystals are irradiated by intensity modulated i.r. at low temperatures. The i.r. causes a modulation of crystal temperature which in turn causes a modulation of fluorescence intensity of the crystal. Phase sensitive detection of fluorescence allows the assignment of bands to different trap emissions due to their different temperature dependences.

A simple kinetic model gives qualitative agreement with experiments.
Die erlaubten und verbotenen Resonanzübergänge der Mn2+ -Ionen in CeO2/ The Allowed and Forbidden Resonance Transitions of Mn2+-Ions in CeO2
Authors: Dräger K. , Wolfmeier U.
Published: February 2015

The absorption behaviour of Mn2+ -ions in CeO2 has been investigated and interpreted for the first time. Beside the hyperfine-multiplett with selection rules ΔM =1 and Δm = 0 we observed forbidden transitions with ΔM = 1 and Δm=± 1 At T = 29Q K the line width is rather small and amounts to 2.5 G. The entire spectrum can be described by an isotropic spin-Hamilton operator with g=1.9989 and A = 86.36·10-4 cm -1 . It is shown for Mn2+ in the crystal-field of oxygen-ions that there is a linear relationship between the hyperfine coupling constant A and the coordination number.
Thermoelectric Power of the Systems AgI-Ag2 XO4 (X=Mo, W)
Authors: Schiraldi Alberto , Pezzati Elisabetta
Published: February 2015

Determinations of the initial thermoelectric power were carried out at 1000 K in the whole composition range of the molten systems AgI-Ag2XO4 (X = Mo, W). For the composition XAgI= 0.8 the investigation was extended to the variation of the thermal emf at the “melting point” of the electrochemically noteworthy glass-like phases, obtained through rapid quenching of the melt. The hypothesis that these glass-like materials could keep the melt configuration at room temperature is contradicted by the results on the molten systems; more complex interpretations, based on the behaviour of the thermal emf at the “m.p.” are proposed.
Relative Raman-Intensitäten der Phononen von LiNbO3 / Relative Raman Intensities of the Phonons of LiNbO3
Authors: Nippus Michael
Published: February 2015

In the last few years the assignment of the optical phonons of LiNbO3 to the different symmetry species was often changed. We therefore concluded that the relative intensities of the Raman lines must be re-examined. According to all elements of the Raman tensor, the fundamental spectra were recorded separately as far as possible. The relative intensities are listed within an error of 7 or 40 percent, each according to signal-to-noise-ratio and/or overlapping of nearby lines.
The Emission Coefficient of the Continuum in an Argon and Nitrogen Plasma at High Temperatures
Authors: Erhardt K. , Meyer I. , Stritzke P.
Published: February 2015

The continuum emission of an argon-and nitrogen plasma developed in an electrical discharge has been investigated in the wavelength range from 3000 Å to 6700 Å. To this purpose the time-and radial dependent plasma parameters such as temperature and the total pressure have been determined in the high conducting stage of the spark by measuring several line intensities. The continuum coefficient was calculated from these data according to the Kramers-Unsöld theory. The comparison of the theoretical and the measured values shows deviations which are discussed. In the case of the argon continuum the ξ-factors for T = 14 000 K agree with the calculated values of Schlüter and the experimental ones of Schulz-Gulde. In the case of the nitrogen plasma the ξ-fac­tors have been determined in the temperature interval from 18 000 K to 45 000 K. Since at these temperatures the particles NII-NIV contribute to the total continuum coefficient, the measured ξ-factors can only be correlated to ξII, ξIII, ... in a narrow temperature range. The measured cor­rection factor ξ for λ = 5050 Å has been applied to determine the temperatures and the pressure of a laser produced spark. The plasma parameters agree with those determined by measuring the line-intensity of the NII-line at 5000 A.
Excimer Formation of 1-Pyrene-Sodium Sulphonate in Inverse Micelles
Authors: Miller Dennis J. , Klein Uwe K. A. , Hauser Manfred
Published: February 2015

Micelle aggregation numbers may be obtained from the fluorescence time dependence of excimerforming solubilised substances. The micellar system cetyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (CDBA)/water/benzene was studied using 1-pyrene sodium sulphonate as the fluorescent probe. Solubilised water increases the CDBA aggregation number. It is shown that the micelles are poly-disperse at lower CDBA concentrations. The influence of concentration and aggregation number on the photostationary excimer/monomer fluorescence intensity ratio of the solubilised probe is discussed.
Continuous Diffuse Electron Scattering from Polymethylene Compounds. A Qualitative Description
Authors: Dorset Douglas L.
Published: February 2015

The positions of continuous thermal diffuse scattering streaks in electron diffraction patterns of polymethylene chains packing in hexagonal and orthorhombic perpendicular subcells are predicted using the kinematical difference Fourier transform model of Amoros and Amoros. Indications of correlated chain motions are found for the case of the orthorhombic subcell
High-frequency Surface Waves in a Current Carrying Hot Plasma Column
Authors: Shivarova A. , Zhelyazkov I.
Published: February 2015

The propagation of high-frequency axially-symmetric surface waves along a current-carrying hot plasma column in a glass tube is investigated by means of a kinetic plasma model. The wave spectrum and the wave damping rate are obtained. Our results agree with the experimental data for surface wave propagation in a gas-discharge plasma at low pressures. It is found that the wave damping is mainly due to the Landau mechanism.
Determination of Total Absorption of Na3S → nP Transitions for 5 ≦ n ≦ 28
Authors: Dressler L. , Behmenburg W. , Uhlenbusch J.
Published: February 2015

Total absorption measurements of Na3S → nP transitions up to a main quantum number n = 28 have been performed at Na number densities in the range ≈ 1016 - 1017 cm-3 and temperatures ≈ 700-800 K. A heat pipe oven has been applied as an absorption tube in a single beam optical arrangement; experiment and data acquisition have been controlled by a computer. The results are compared with calculations using special assumptions with respect to line broadening mechanisms. The effect of binary and three-body collisions on total absorption is studied in detail. Within the pressure and main quantum number range investigated here a transition between the two types of interaction was demonstrated.
The Influence of Surface Defects on the Heterogeneous Nucleation and Growth of Thin Films
Authors: Cardoso J. , Harsdorff M.
Published: February 2015

In the present paper the nucleation and growth of gold on mica is investigated. By means of an image analysing computer it was possible to evaluate many electron micrographs with regard to nucleation rate, growth of crystallites and fractional part of the surface covered by crystallites. The comparison of the experimental results with nucleation theories shows that an explanation is possible by use of a simple atomic model, even in the case of substrates with defect sites.
Singlet-Exciton Energy Transfer in Naphthalene Doped with Anthracene Following Two-Photon Picosecond Excitation: Dependence on Dopant Concentration
Authors: Auweter H. , Mayer U. , Schmid D.
Published: February 2015

The time dependence of the sensitized fluorescence of anthracene-doped naphthalene crystals following two-photon picosecond excitation was studied for various dopant concentrations. The experimental results indicate that the characteristic of the energy transfer rate is significantly different for different anthracene concentrations. This behaviour is discussed in terms of different transfer mechanisms taking place at low and high dopant concentrations.
Normalkoordinatenanalyse und mittlere Schwingungsamplituden für Cl5SbOPCl3 , Cl5NbOPCl3 und Cl5TaOPCl3
Authors: Brockner Wolfgang , Cyvin Bjørg N. , Cyvin Sven J.
Published: February 2015

A normal coordinate analysis was performed for some Cl5MOPCl3 molecules (M = Sb, Nb, Ta). The final force field in terms of a described set of symmetry coordinates is reported for Cl5SbOPCl3. The initial force field for Cl5SbOPCl3 was applied to calculate the vibrational frequencies of the Cl5NbOPCl3 and Cl5TaOPCl3 adducts. An assignment of the vibrational frequencies of the title compounds and the corresponding potential energy distribution terms are given for Cl5SbOPCl3 . For the Cl5SbOPCl3
Zur Feinstruktur des Verlaufs der Adsorptionswärme mit der Belegung von Aromaten auf Silber / Investigations on the Fine Structure of the Adsorption Heat-Coating Curve Obtained by Covering Silver with Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Authors: Knappwost A. , Raschti M. , Ankara Ü.
Published: February 2015

Isosteric adsorption heats have been determined from the temperature dependences of equilibrium pressures, which in turn have been obtained from sets of very precisely measured adsorption isotherms. The dependence of the isosteric adsorption heat on the coating of the silver surface shows a remarkable structure: whenever a layer of adsorbate is filled up, inner rotations are inhibited, which results in a peak in the adsorption heat-coating curve. The adsorption isotherms of toluene, adamantane and benzotrifluoride on highly dispersed silver were measured with an ultra-sensitive adsorption balance. The nearly spherical adamantane enabled an exact determination of the specific surface area of the adsorbent. From their respective space requirements it followed that toluene is adsorbed in ortho- and meta-positions, whereas benzotrifluoride is adsorbed with its three F-atoms on the silver surface. The energy of rotation of the CH3-and CF3-groups could also be determined.
On the Use of a Low Current Argon Arc with a MgF2-Window as a VUV-Transfer Standard of the Spectral Radiance (125nm≦λ≦335nm)
Authors: Einfeld D. , Grützmacher K. , Stuck D.
Published: February 2015

The spectral radiance Lλ (λ) of a low current argon arc (current: 10 A, power requirement: ≦1.5 kW, pressure: 1.2 bar, gas: A) has been calibrated with a relative uncertainty of 5% in the wavelength range between 125 nm and 335 nm by means of the electron synchrotron radiation of DESY (Hamburg, Germany). Lλ (λ) exceeds generally the spectral radiance of the carbon arc and the commercially available deuterium lamps by more than one order of magnitude. A significant reduction of the transmittance τ(λ) of the MgF2-window, inserted for the sealing of the arc chamber has been observed in the entire wavelength range when the low current argon arc has been flanged to a vuv-optical system. The behaviour of the transmission factor of the MgF2-window under the influence of increasing times of exposure to arc radiation has been investigated as a function of wavelength. The reduction of the transmission factor of the MgF2-window in the uv (λ > 185 nm) is nearly negligible ( < 2 % over an operating time of 30 hours) when the arc has been utilized without a connection to a vuv-optical system
A Contribution to the Structure of N-nitroso-dimethylamine Microwave Spectra of Isotopic Substituted Forms
Authors: Guarnieri A. , Nicolaisen R.
Published: February 2015

Microwave spectra of trideuterated and perdeuterated N-nitroso-dimethylamine have been investigated. On the basis of these measurements an improved structure has been calculated.
On the Convergence of the Calculated Spin-spin Coupling Constant of HD
Authors: Trivedi H. P.
Published: February 2015

It is shown that the concurrence of the results obtained by varying the self coupling energy, the total second order energy and the cross coupling energy independently can be readily accomplished. In addition, it is possible to arrange to obtain any pre-specified value for the coupling constant. On this basis it is suggested that it might be dangerous to construe the concurrence of calculated results as an indication of convergence in practice.
Temperaturabhängigkeit der Absorption und Fluoreszenz von Tetracen und Perylen/Tetracen in Flüssigkristallen / The Temperature Dependence of Absorption and Fluorescence of Tetracene and PeryleneI Tetracene in Liquid Crystals
Authors: Ullrich G. , Schmillen A.
Published: February 2015

At the clearing point the extinction and the fluorescence intensity of pure tetracene mixtures decrease rapidly. This is explained as due to a forced scattering in the liquid crystal phase. In the binary system perylene/tetracene the polarisation of absorption and emission in the wavelength region of tetracene is inverted and the corresponding fluorescence decay time increases with temperature
Approximate Classical Trajectories and the Adiabatic Theory of the Stark Broadening of Neutral-Atom Lines
Authors: Dimitrijević M. S. , Grujić P.
Published: February 2015

At low temperatures the effect of back reaction of the neutral emitter on a perturbing electron may become noticeable and consequently deviations of the electron motion from the uniform one should be taken into account. In this note we discuss some consequences of an inclusion of the curvilinear trajectories on the impact Stark broadening theory in the low temperature limit. In particular we consider a proposed improvement of the commonly used definition of the collision time, in the case of the repulsive electron-excited neutral interaction
Isotopic Abundances Measurements a Key to Understanding the Oklo Phenomenon
Authors: Ruffenach J. C. , Hagemann R. , Roth E.
Published: February 2015

The Oklo natural nuclear reactors have been studied mainly by isotopic and chemical analyses of uranium and fission products. Interpretation of these analyses allows parameters which characterize these reactions (flux, fluence,...), and also the age and duration of the nuclear reactions to be evaluated. The mechanisms and extent of fission-product migration can also be discussed. The behaviour of various elements formed in the Oklo uraninite and in oxyde fuels of pressurized water reactors is compared and found to be similar. Therefore, experience gained from the study of the Oklo phenomenon can provide valuable information on the long-term storage of radioactive wastes in geological media.
Resonant Microwave Absorption in an Overdense Plasma Column
Authors: Böhm G.
Published: February 2015

A resonant coupling mechanism is presented which leads to nearly full absorption of an electromagnetic wave in an overdense plasma column. In the resonance case a strong enhancement of the electric field strength within the plasma is found. Under certain conditions this high electric field strength causes parametric excitation of plasma waves in the underdense edges of the discharge. It turned out that the occurance of this decay process is mainly determined by the density gradients in the plasma.
Infrared Absorption of Concentrated Aqueous LiCl Solutions to High Pressures and Temperatures
Authors: Valyashko V. M. , Buback M. , Franck E. U.
Published: February 2015

The infrared absorption of the O-D stretching fundamental of HDO in concentrated aqueous (HDO/H2O) LiCl solutions to a maximum of 40 mole percent salt has been measured. Data for the wavenumber of maximum absorption, ν̄(max), and for the integrated molar absorptivity B up to pressures and temperatures of 2800 bar and 350 °C, respectively, are reported and discussed. Toward high salt concentrations, the dependence of ν̄(max) on temperature and on LiCl concentration decreases. The wavenumber data indicate a transition from "water-like" to "melt-like" behaviour at about 12 to 15 mole percent LiCl.
Sodium Ions in Hydrated Zeolite Na-Y, Studied by Pulsed Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of 23Na at 295 K
Authors: Basier W. D.
Published: February 2015

The free induction decay of 23Na of hydrated zeolite Na-Y has been measured at 295 K. Its intensity as a function of the length of the exiting pulse proves that a whole spectrum of 4 sodium ions per cage is observed. By ion exchange it is found that only the sodium ions in the sixmembered rings (site S2) contribute to the observable NMR-signal
Improved Versions of Fielek Model for BCC Transition Metals
Authors: Khanna R. N. , Rathore R. P. S.
Published: February 2015

Three improved versions of the Fielek Model are developed and discussed. The first model uses a modified Bhatia scheme for the volume interaction in place of the Krebs scheme. The second and third model assumes the core-core couplings to be central pairwise effective upto first neighbours only. The second model describes the d-shell-d-shell interaction on the same lines as those adopted for core-core interactions, while the third model assumes these interactions to be of the many body type. Suitable equilibrium conditions for the second and the third model are developed.

These improved versions are employed to derive dispersion relations in tantalum. Comparison of these relations with-each other and also with the experimental findings leads to some important conclusions regarding the nature and range of the interactions coupling the various constituents of a bcc transition metal like tantalum.
Faddeev Equations in the Functional Quantum Theory of the Non-Linear Spinorfield
Authors: Ramacher U.
Published: February 2015

Starting with a linear partial differential operator for a certain system of transition amplitudes associated to a state |a> with baryon number ρ(a) we derive an equation in the ρ(a)-sector of the Functional space which provides the state |a> with an effective potential caused by the polarization cloud. With regard to the needs of n-body scattering we then undertake a cluster decomposition of the effective potential. In particular, we derive the relativistic analoga of Lippmann-Schwinger-and Faddeev equations.
Functional Quantum Theory of the Nonlinear Spinorfield as a Lepton-Hadron Model with Quark-Confinement. II
Authors: Stumpf H.
Published: February 2015

The nonlinear spinorfield with Heisenberg's dipole regularization is interpreted as a lepton-quark system. In Section 1, a nonlinear spinorfield equation for two lepton-quark generations is derived by physical arguments and the Heisenberg dipole regularization is formulated for this model. In Section 2, corresponding dynamical equations for local fermion and local boson states are deduced by means of functional quantum theory and their properties are discussed. In Section 3, with this formulation the lowest order »S'-matrix of elastic lepton-lepton scattering is calculated and is shown to be identical with the results of the corresponding process in quantum electrodynamics resp. weak interactions. The coupling of the local bosons to local fermions is universal, i.e. independent of special lepton or quark representations. Numerical calculations of local boson masses and coupling constants will be given in subsequent papers.
Nitrogen Quadrupole Coupling in the Rotational Spectrum of l-Isocyanoprop-2-yne, HC ≡ CCH2NC
Authors: Krüger M. , Dreizler H.
Published: February 2015

The rotational spectrum of l-isocyanoprop-2-yne, HC≡CCH2NC, has been measured in the vibrational ground state by microwave Fourier transform spectroscopy from 5 to 26.5 GHz. The nuclear quadrupole hyperfine splittings due to 14N have been analysed to obtain the coupling constants χaa = 290.3(78) kHz, χbb = 10.6(80) kHz and χcc= -300.9(80) kHz