bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análise das políticas de preservação digital para periódicos eletrônicos
Authors: Santos Gildenir Carolino , Silva Vania Ferreira da
Published: June 2023

Introdução: A questão da preservação digital [PD] possui várias frentes de desenvolvimento: das políticas às técnicas, além de um grande conjunto de pontos críticos encontrados na sua constituição. Por isso, os profissionais interessados na manutenção das informações sob sua responsabilidade devem entender e envolver-se com a elaboração de políticas. Objetivo: Analisar as políticas de PD dos publishers Programa SciELO e Elsevier com o intuito de fomentar auxílio para a discussão de uma política de PD para periódicos científicos. Metodologia: Esta pesquisa é do tipo qualitativa, descritiva que utilizou o método comparativo através da técnica da análise documental. O corpus e objeto de estudo se pautou nas políticas de PD do Programa SciELO e Elsevier, denominadas Política de PD do Programa SciELO e Policies Digital Archive. A análise foi realizada a partir dos princípios e estratégias de PD. Resultado: Percebe-se que as políticas de PD do SciELO e Elsevier possuem similaridades quanto aos seus princípios e estratégias, e tais políticas podem contribuir no auxílio a discussões de modelos de políticas de PD para periódicos. Conclusão: Portanto, para que a preservação possa ocorrer efetivamente, é importante que sejam estudados e consolidados, de maneira específica e pormenorizada, a política de PD da Instituição, a qual o periódico está ligado, criando um diálogo entre a política e plano de PD do periódico.  Deve-se planejar o desenho desta política de PD que irá de certa forma dar suporte na construção de um documento institucionalizado para amparar todo o tipo de suporte documental e bibliográfico de uma instituição, como no caso dos periódicos científicos.
Uso do protocolo de interoperabilidade OAI-ORE para preservação digital
Authors: Shintaku Milton , Silveira Lucas Ângelo , Oliveira Alexandre Faria de , Macedo Diego José , Schiessl Ingrid Torres
Published: June 2023

Introdução: A preservação digital em Bibliotecas Digitais e Repositórios, no Brasil, tem sido um desafio, na medida em que grande parte desses sistemas estão implementados com o software livre DSpace, que não está preparado para atuar nesta atividade. Objetivo: Assim, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar uma nova opção para a preservação digital de documentos depositados em sistemas de informação implementados com o DSpace, com o uso do modelo Hipátia. Metodologia: Para tanto, o estudo faz uso de técnicas de pesquisas aplicadas em computação, voltados para inovação e resolução de problemas. Resultados: Os resultados apresentam os ajustes necessários, no DSpace, para utilizar o protocolo nativo Open Archives Initiative - Object Reuse and Exchange (OAI-ORE) para integração com o Modelo Hipátia. Conclusão: Com isso, contribui com a integração de ferramentas ao modelo Hipátia, voltado à preservação digital, de forma simples, utilizando um protocolo nativo do DSpace.
Interleukin-6 and Neutrophil–Lymphocyte Ratio in Predicting Outcome of Confirmed COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Harsini Harsini , Aphridasari Jatu , Adhiputri Artrien , Prasetyo Agung , Sukiyanto Hie , Listyoko Aditya Sri
Published: June 2023

Introduction: COVID-19 emerged as a pandemic about 2 years ago. Severe and critical COVID-19 has been associated with increased interleukin 6 (IL-6) level and neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR). This study aimed to test whether IL-6 and/or NLR are associated with COVID-19 mortality.
Methods: Subjects were COVID-19 patients with suspected Omicron variant infection that were hospitalized at Dr. Moewardi Hospital from October 2021 to March 2022. According to their medical records, subjects were divided into survivor and non-survivor groups. Serum level of IL-6 and NLR at admission were recorded, compared, and analyzed for association with mortality.
Results: Seventy-four respondents, average age 53.07 ± 16.2 years, joined the research. The area under curve (AUC) value of IL-6 was 0.740, with a cut-off value of 42.00 mg/dL (73.9% sensitivity; 70.6% specificity). The AUC value of NLR was 0.721, with a cut-off value of 5.51 (73.9% sensitivity; 60.8% specificity). IL-6 had a higher odds ratio than NLR as a risk factor for mortality (6.80 [95% CI 2.24–20.61; p < 0.001]; 4.39 [95% CI 1.48–13.03; p < 0.001], respectively). The correlation between IL-6 and NLR had an r-value of 0.164 (p = 0.164).
Conclusion: There was no difference in sensitivity between IL-6 level and NLR as mortality predictors of COVID-19, but serum IL-6 level was more specific. IL-6 level correlated positively with NLR, but there was no significance.
Swine Flu (Influenza A, H1N1pdm2009) Infection on an Elderly Patient with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A Case Report
Authors: Bramardipa Anak Agung Bagus , Upeksha Anak Agung Gde
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Influenza is one of the most common causes of respiratory illness in the world. In April 2009, a novel H1N1 virus of swine origin was spreading among individuals, and within days became a pandemic, called H1N1pdm2009. Years after the pandemic, H1N1pdm2009 is now a common seasonal flu that manifests as flu-like symptoms just like other influenza. Swine flu is a self-limiting disease that doesn’t need necessary antiviral treatment unless it displays moderate presentation or in an individual with comorbidities.
Case: A 71-year-old man came to the emergency room with a chief complaint of shortness of breath. Symptoms started with common flu one week before admission and worsened prior the admission date. In the emergency room, patient looked lethargic, tachypnea, and low saturation, his oxygen saturation was 88% on room air and 99% using a non-rebreathing mask of 8 liters per minute. Ronchi was heard on both sides of the lungs. He has regular visits for his chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Multiple investigations were done including thorax imaging, complete blood count and naso-orofaring PCR. Swab results indicated an influenza-A H1N1pdm2009 infection with no COVID-19 co-infection. During hospitalization, patient received a 75 mg dose of oseltamivir twice a day and other supportive treatment. The patient was discharged after five days of oseltamivir therapy with an improvement in conditions.
Conclusion: Swine flu manifestation is similar to another influenza; however, in patients with comorbidities this virus can show moderate or severe presentation. Oseltamivir administration was given for five days and helped to improve the patient’s condition.
A CASE REPORT: ANTIRETROVIRAL-ASSOCIATED BILATERAL GYNECOMASTIA
Authors: Sidarta Erdo Puncak , Datusanantyo Robertus Arian , Syeben Hezer Epatah Hietingwati
Published: June 2023

Highlights:

Gynecomastia is a known potential side effect of efavirenz, which may manifest in HIV patients.
Healthcare providers should be vigilant and address the potential adverse effects of medications prescribed to individuals with HIV, including gynecomastia.
Surgeons in resource-limited areas show flexibility and can achieve satisfactory results in procedures despite limited resources and surgical options.

Abstract:
Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) patients can now access antiretroviral drugs even in  resource-limited area. The majority of patients receive the fixed daily dose of an efavirenz-based antiviral (ARV) as advised by the World Health Organization (WHO), despite the fact that gynecomastia is a recognized side effect of evafirenz.
Case Ilustration: We report a 31 year-old male with antiretroviral-associated gynecomastia that underwent the bilateral excision without liposuction procedure with satisfying result.
Discussion: Surgeon in limited-resource area faces limited resources to perform some specific procedure. Meanwhile, limited resources also poses patients avoidable adverse events in otherwise clinical setting. The antiretroviral-associated gynecomastia is unavoidable because limited regimen choice. Surgeon needs also to adjust the surgical option to achieve satisfying result without instrument complexities.
Conclusion: We reported satisfying surgical outcome in antiretroviral-associated bilateral gynecomastia patient with limited clinical setting.
A CASE REPORT: UNILATERAL COMPLETE CLEFT LIP RECONSTRUCTION USING THE MODIFICATION MILLARD TECHNIQUE
Authors: Theodora Ratih Labdagati Iswara  , Muhammad Aulia Ul Hakim
Published: June 2023

Highlights:

The modified Millard technique, including the Tennison triangular flap, is effective in preventing vermillion notching and reducing scar complications in cleft lip repairs.
The technique addresses concerns related to compromised lip tissue and nostril deformities, leading to improved appearance and functionality.
Scar thinning techniques and separate nasoraphy contribute to enhanced aesthetics and optimal healing in cleft lip repairs.

Abstract:
Introduction: With 1 in 700 live births worldwide, cleft lip with or without cleft palate is the most prevalent congenital craniomaxillofacial birth condition. More people have a unilateral cleft lip than a bilateral cleft lip. With the exception of vision, it can influence the morphology and nearly all facial functions. The purpose of this study is to give an overview and learn more about the management of lip repair using the modified Millard approach, which can prevent straight line closure and vermilion notching.
Case Illustration: We present a case of a 4-month-old male who underwent a modified Millard procedure and had a unilateral full cleft lip. The findings revealed no vermillion notch, acceptable columellar and alar lengths, symmetrical Cupid's bow, lip height, lip width, and philtrum angle.
Discussion: The modified Millard technique, including the Tennison triangular flap, improves the repair of cleft lips by preventing vermillion notching and reducing scar complications. It also addresses concerns related to lip tissue compromise and nostril deformities. Scar thinning techniques and separate nasoraphy contribute to enhanced aesthetics and optimal healing. These modifications aim to achieve improved appearance and functionality in cleft lip repairs.
Conclusion: The modified Millard technique can be considered as a viable option for treating unilateral cleft lip due to its ability to create a balanced Cupid's bow, maintain appropriate lip height and width, and achieve satisfactory aesthetic results in the nasal area without vermillion notching.
Mitochondrial calcium signaling in cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Loyola-Machado Ana Carolina , Guerra Mateus T. , Nathanson Michael H.
Published: June 2023

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a primary liver cancer whose diagnosis and treatment remain challenging. Although recent developments derived from molecular characterization of CCAs have led to the availability of new pharmacological agents, a better understanding of the genetic and molecular alterations in CCA is still required for the development of more effective or broader targeting treatments. One emerging signaling pathway of interest in the pathogenesis of CCA is ER to mitochondrial Ca2+ signaling. This pathway is of particular importance because it regulates both cell death through apoptosis and necrosis, and metabolic reprograming of cancer cells through regulation of energy metabolism in mitochondria. Here we discuss the latest findings regarding the dysregulation of mitochondrial Ca2+ signals and its key regulatory molecules with a special focus on the intracellular Ca2+ channels of the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (ITPR) family. We also discuss the role of ER-mitochondrial contact sites in determining mitochondrial health and how these points of contact between organelles might represent a druggable target in CCA.
Alogrithms for the ACD Problem and Cryptanalysis of ACD-based FHE schemes, Revisited
Authors: Ran Yinxia , Pan Yun , Wang Licheng
Published: June 2023

The security of several full homomorphic encryption (FHE) schemes depends on the hardness of the approximate common divisor (ACD) problem. The analysis of attack and defense against the system is one of the frontiers of cryptography research. In this paper, the performance of existing algorithms, including orthogonal lattice, simultaneous diophantine approximation, multivariate polynomial and sample pre-processing are reviewed and analyzed for solving the ACD problem. Orthogonal lattice (OL) algorithms are divided into two categories (OL-$\land$ and OL-$\vee$) for the first time. And an improved algorithm of OL-$\vee$ is presented to solve the GACD problem. This new algorithm works well in polynomial time if the parameter satisﬁes certain conditions. Compared with Ding and Tao's OL algorithm, the lattice reduction algorithm is used only once, and when the error vector $\mathbf{r}$ is recovered in Ding et al.'s OL algorithm, the possible difference between the restored and the true value of $p$ is given. It is helpful to expand the scope of OL attacks.
Deep Learning–and IoT Based Framework for Rock-Fall Early Warning
Authors: Abaker Mohammed , Dafaalla Hatim , Eisa Taiseer Abdalla Elfadil , Abdelgader Heba , Mohammed Ahmed , Burhanur Mohammed , Hasabelrsoul Aiman , Alfakey Mohammed Ibrahim , Morsi Mohamed
Published: June 2023

During the last few years, several approaches have been proposed to improve early warning systems for reducing rock-fall risk. In this regard, this paper introduces a Deep learning-and (IoT) based Framework for Rock-fall Early Warning, devoted to reducing the rock-fall risk with high accuracy. In this framework, the prediction accuracy was augmented by eliminating the uncertainties and confusion plaguing the prediction model. In order to achieve augmented prediction accuracy, this framework fused the prediction model-based deep learning with a detection model-based Internet of Things. In order to determine the framework’s performance, this study adopted parameters, namely overall prediction performance measures, based on a confusion matrix and the ability to reduce the risk. The result indicates an increase in prediction model accuracy from 86% to 98.8%. In addition, a framework reduced the risk probability from (1.51 ×10-3) to (8.57 ×10-9). Our results indicate the framework’s high prediction accuracy; it also provides a robust decision-making process for delivering early warning and lowering the rock-fall risk probability.
Comparison of Bootstrap Methods for Estimating Causality in Linear Dynamic Systems: A Review
Authors: Miwakeichi Fumikazu , Galka Andreas
Published: June 2023

In this study, we meticulously compared the practical performance of four bootstrap methods for assessing the significance of causal analysis in time series data, recognizing that their evaluation has not been sufficiently conducted in the field. The methods investigated were uncorrelated Phase Randomization Bootstrap (uPRB), which generates surrogate data with no cross-correlation between variables by randomizing the phase in the frequency domain; Time Shift Bootstrap (TSB), which generates surrogate data by randomizing the phase in the time domain; Stationary Bootstrap (SB), which calculates standard errors and constructs confidence regions for weakly dependent stationary observations; and AR-sieve bootstrap (ARSB), a resampling method based on autoregressive (AR) models that approximates the underlying data-generating process. Our study found that the AR-sieve bootstrap (ARSB) method outperformed the others in detecting both self-excitation and causality among variables. In contrast, the uncorrelated phase-randomized bootstrap (uPRB) and Stationary Bootstrap (SB) methods demonstrated limitations in specific scenarios. This detailed comparison highlights the need for selecting suitable bootstrap methods to ensure accurate results, ultimately guiding researchers in their choice of method for real data analysis.
Operational Matrix of New Shifted Wavelet Functions for Solving Optimal Control Problem
Authors: Abass Gufran , Shihab Suha
Published: June 2023

The present work concerns with presenting an explicit formula for new shifted wavelet (NSW) functions. Wavelet functions have many applications and advantages in both applied and theoretical fields. They are formulated with different orthogonal polynomials to construct new techniques for treating some problems in sciences, and engineering. A new important differentiation property of NSW in terms of NSW themselves is obtained and proved in this paper. Then it is utilized together with the state parameterization technique to find solution of optimal control problem (OCP) approximately. The suggested method converts the OCP into a quadratic programming problem, which can be easily determined on computer. As a result, the approximate solution closes with the exact solution even with a small number of NSW utilized in estimation. The error bound estimation for the proposed method is also discussed. Some test numerical examples are solved to demonstrate the applicability of the suggested method. For comparison, the exact known solutions against the obtained approximate results are listed in Tables.
Soybean miR159 Family Members Function in Plant Responses to Low Phosphorus, High Salinity, and Abscisic Acid Treatment
Authors: Li Bodi , Tao Ping , Xu Feng , He Pingan , Wang Jinxiang
Published: June 2023

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate plant growth and development and their responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Although extensive studies show that miR159 family members regulate leaf and flower development in Arabidopsis thaliana, the roles of miRNAs in soybean (Glycine max) are poorly understood. Here, we identified six MIR159 genes in soybean, MIR159aMIR159f, and investigate their expression patterns in plants under low-phosphorus (low-P), NaCl, or abscisic acid (ABA) treatments. In soybean leaves, MIR159e and MIR159f expression was induced by low-P treatment, while in roots, MIR159b, MIR159c, MIR159e, and MIR159f expression was upregulated. In flowers, low-P led to upregulation of MIR159a, MIR159b, MIR159c, and MIR159f, but downregulation of MIR159d and MIR159e. In soybean nodules, MIR159b was upregulated but MIR159a, MIR159c, and MIR159d was downregulated under P deficiency. NaCl treatment induced MIR159a, MIR159b, MIR159c, and MIR159e expression in leaves, and MIR159aMIR159f expression in roots. ABA treatment upregulated MIR159a, MIR159b, and MIR159c but downregulated MIR159d, MIR159e, and MIR159f in leaves. These results suggest that miR159 family members function in plant abiotic stress responses. Moreover, total P content in leaves was significantly lower in plants overexpressing MIR159e than in the wild type, suggesting that miR159e may regulate P absorption and transport in soybean.
Optimization Design Analysis of Movable Rotating Plate Type Grading Device for Potato
Authors: Zhao Haohao , Deng Weigang , Ren Zhiqi , Liu Chenglong , Yan Dong , Cai Yansong , Zhao Zexin
Published: June 2023

Given the existing movable rotating plate type grading device for potatoes with a high safety factor and heavy mass, the body frame of the grading device and movable rotating plate were optimized and a lightweight design was carried out. Based on ANSYS Workbench 2022, the static analysis of the body frame before and after improvement was compared, and it was verified that the strength and deformation of the optimized body frame met the design requirements, and the weight of the optimized body frame was reduced by 32.3%. Based on the direct optimization module of ANSYS Workbench 2022, the plate length, width, and height were used as design variables for the lightweight design of the movable rotating plate. The MOGA algorithm was used to generate sixty design solutions, and the optimal combination of size parameters for the plate was 610 mm, 95mm, and1.2 mm. Compared with the whole grading device before optimization, the total mass was reduced by 22.86% after optimization. The research of this article provides a reference for the structural design and optimization analysis of potato grading devices.
A Lightweight Detection Algorithm for Unmanned Surface Vehicles Based on Multi-Scale Feature Fusion
Authors: Zhang Lei , DU Xiang , Zhang Renran , Zhang Jian
Published: June 2023

In response to reducing the energy cost of unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) while overcoming the low accuracy problem in surface target detection, a lightweight detection algorithm with multi-scale feature fusion is proposed. Based on the popular one-stage lightweight Yolov7-tiny target detection model, a lightweight extraction module is designed first by introducing the multiscale residual module to reduce the number of parameters and computational complexity while improving accuracy. The Mish and SiLU activation functions are used to enhance network feature extraction. Second, the path aggregation network employs coordinate convolution to strengthen spatial information perception. Finally, the dynamic head, which is based on the at-tention mechanism, improves the representation ability of object detection heads without any computational overhead. According to the experimental findings, the proposed model has 22.1% fewer parameters than the original model, 15% fewer GFLOPs, a 6.2% improvement in mAP@0.5, a 4.3% rise in mAP@0.5:0.95, and it satisfies the real-time criteria. According to the research, the suggested lightweight water surface detection approach includes a lighter model, a simpler computational architecture, more accuracy, and a wide range of generalizability. It performs bet-ter in a variety of difficult water surface circumstances.
Social Transformation in Peri Urban Communities towards Food Sustainability and Achievement of SDGs in the Era of Disruption
Authors: Sumardjo Sumardjo , Firmansyah Adi , Dharmawan Leonard
Published: June 2023

In the era of disruption, to achieve food sustainability and the SDGs, Indonesia is faced with changes in the values, attitudes, and behavior of the community to be adaptive to environmental and technological changes. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence social transformation in peri-urban communities and their impact on food sustainability and the achievement of SDGs. The research method is a qualitative approach, triangulated by conducting in-depth interviews, field observations, and focus group discussion (FGD) in two districts. The results showed that factors influencing social transformation in peri-urban communities include: strengthening public awareness of the importance of food sustainability, access to information and technology, collaborative synergetic of government, companies, academics, and community participation in decision-making on empowerment programs. This social transformation leads to increased food production and poverty reduction. Private facilitators through CSR programs play a role in achieving food sustainability and achieving several SDG indicators related to poverty. The occurrence of collaborative synergetic between community participation, extension workers, village government, media utilization, academics, and companies contributes significantly to transforming the values, attitudes, and behavior of people managing community resources.
Method of Implementing Nutrivigilance in the Romanian Food Industry and Healthcare Systems
Authors: Matran Irina Mihaela , Tarcea Monica , Buicu Florin Corneliu , Parvu Simona , Ungureanu Sorin Gabriel , Cirnatu Daniela
Published: June 2023

Introduction: The assumption that food resources and dietary supplements are natural and do not have side effects, or do not interact with drugs, is wrong, and can lead to unplanned symptoms or even hospital admissions. Also, not communicating with the family doctor, or the pharmacist, can make their work considerably more difficult in establishing the correct treatment. Methods: PubMed, ResearchGate, EUR-Lex, and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center databases for scientific literature were analyzed, for the keywords "adverse reactions", nutrivigilance", and "drug interaction". The method proposed by us for the implementation of nutrivigilance in the re-search-development stage is the application and adaptation of HACCP principles (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points) to nutrivigilance. Results: The implementation of nutrivigilance in the Romanian food supplements industry and healthcare system represent a real tool for improving public health management by preventing adverse reactions, and reducing the costs of the health system. From our knowledge, the proposal regarding the implementation of nutrivigilance in the research stage of food and food supplements, based on the principles of HACCP is unique. Conclusions: We believe that the proposed method is useful starting with the research-development of food supplements, followed by post-sale analysis.
Effect of Electric Properties according to Volume ratio of Supercapacitor and Battery capacitor in Hybrid Energy Storage System
Authors: Lee Jong Kyu , Yoon Jung Rag
Published: June 2023

The development of technology that combines supercapacitors and lithium-ion batteries by externally connecting them in parallel is ongoing. This study examines the correlation between the volume ratio and electrical characteristics of a cell made by internally connecting a battery capacitor with Li4Ti5O12 as the anode active material and a supercapacitor in parallel. It was found that increasing the volume occupied by the battery capacitor in the cell led to increased cell energy and resistance, resulting in decreased output characteristics. Conversely, increasing the volume occupied by the supercapacitor in the cell led to a decrease in the IR drop during discharge and cell temperature when evaluating cycle characteristics with a current of 20C. The study also examined the behavior of the current distributed during the charging and discharging process based on the volume ratio of the supercapacitor and the battery capacitor. Analyzing the correlation between the volume ratio and electrical characteristics of supercapacitors and battery capacitors could potentially lead to the development of a new type of energy storage device.
The Awareness and Use of Low-Sodium Salt Substitutes and Its Impact to 24-H Urinary Sodium and Potassium Excretion in China – A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Zhang Puhong , Fan Fang , Li Yinghua , Li Yuan , Luo Rong , Li Li , Zhang Gang , Wang Lanlan , Jiao Xiaofei , He Feng J
Published: June 2023

Low-sodium salt substitute (LSSS) has the potential in regulating sodium and potassium intake and has been available in China market for years. However, its real-world use and impact to sodium\potassium intake is unclear. Baseline data of 4000 adult participants who participated in three similar-designed randomized controlled trails were pooled together for this study. Self-reported awareness and use of LSSS were collected using the uniform questionnaire, and the 24-h urinary sodium and potassium excretion was used to estimate their dietary intake. Mixed-effects models were developed to assess the relationship between LSSS and 24-h urinary sodium and potassium excretion. 32.0% of the participants reported awareness of LSSS and 11.7% reported its current use. After adjusting location, sex, age, and education, compared with the group of participants unaware of LSSS, participants who were aware but not using LSSS and those who were using LSSS had a lower 24-h urinary sodium excretion by –356.1(95% CI: –503.9, –205.9) mg/d and –490.6(95% CI: –679.2, –293.7), respectively (p<0.001). No significant difference was found for 24-h urinary potassium excretion and sodium-to-potassium ratio among the three groups (p>0.05). In conclusion, although associated with lower sodium intake, the awareness and real-world use of LSSS are still very low in China.
Federated Learning for Clinical Event Classification Using Vital Signs Data
Authors: Lee KangYoon , Rakhmiddin Ruzaliev
Published: June 2023

Effective healthcare relies on accurate and timely diagnosis; however, obtaining large amounts of training data while maintaining patient privacy remains challenging. This study introduces a novel approach utilizing federated learning (FL) and a cross-device multi-modal model for clin-ical event classification using vital signs data. Our architecture leverages FL to train machine learning models, including Random Forest, AdaBoost, and SGD ensemble model, on vital signs data from a diverse clientele at a Boston hospital (MIMIC-IV dataset). The FL structure preserves patient privacy by training directly on each client's device without transferring sensitive data. The study demonstrates the potential of FL in privacy-preserving clinical event classification, achieving an impressive accuracy of 98.9%. These findings underscore the significance of FL and cross-device ensemble technology in healthcare applications, enabling the analysis of large amounts of sensitive patient data while safeguarding privacy.
Intrathecal Autologous Thrombin-Activated Condensed Platelet Cytokines in Chronic Neurodegenerative Disease: Anti-inflammatory and Regenerative Responses, Phase I
Authors: Sills E. Scott
Published: June 2023

Choroid plexus insufficiency or glymphatic stasis are often classified as prequels to harmful accretion of toxic proteins in neurodegenerative disease. Cognitive decline and memory loss subsequently become cardinal features of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), typically progressing with amyloid-ß and tau protein accumulation. For Parkinson’s disease (PD), α-synuclein deposits and dopamine depletion are linked to impaired movement, resting tremor, and rigidity. Importantly, both diagnoses are accompanied by hyperinflammation and intrathecal cytokine changes. Thus far, numerous clinical trials for investigational drugs have produced nothing effective for AD or PD, yet the anti-inflammatory and regenerative potential of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) remains largely unexamined in this context. This report explores a proposed Phase I study on intrathecal condensed plasma growth factors processed from autologous thrombin-activated PRP as monotherapy for AD or PD. The concept gains support from related work where cytokines of platelet origin successfully lowered inflammation, corrected background fibrosis, deactivated abnormal cells, and recovered local tissue function—all desirable outcomes in AD and PD. PRP-mediated effects on membrane potentials, electrolyte balance, and water clearance are less well characterized, but experimental evidence suggests these pathways could likewise influence glymphatic drainage to ameliorate proteinopathies. As a well-tolerated ‘orthobiologic’ with no hypersensitivity risk, intrathecal PRP and its derivatives bring advantages distinct from synthetic pharmaceuticals. If age-associated neuroinflammation in AD and PD is an upstream event contributing to neural disruption, then dampening local oxidative stress by a patient’s own platelet cytokines (as already proven in other tissues) could offer therapeutic relevance to these neurodegenerative conditions as well.
Sour Tamarind Is More Antihypertensive Than the Sweeter One: Evidenced by the In Vivo Biochemical Indexes, Ligand-Protein Interaction, Multitarget Interactions, and Molecular Dynamic Simulation
Authors: Rahman Md. Atiar , Akter Taslima , Bulbul Rakibul Hassan , Sama-ae Imran , Azadi Prof. M. A. , Nira Kamrun Nahar , Al-Araby Salahuddin Quader , Deen Jobaier Ibne , Rafi Khalid Juhani , Saha Srabonti , Ezaj Md. Muzahid Ahmed
Published: June 2023

This research investigated the antihypertensive effects of tamarind products and compared their potentials based on their animal model’s data verified by molecular docking, multitarget interactions in network pharmacology, and dynamic simulation assays. The GC-MS characterized tamarind products were administered to the cholesterol-induced hypertensive Wistar albino rat models. Two-week-intervened animals were dissected to collect serum and organs which were respectively subjected to the analyses of hypertension-linked markers and tissue architectures. Lead biometabolites of tamarinds interacted with eight target receptors in molecular docking and dynamic simulation studies and they were tested for multitarget interactions using network pharmacological analyses. Results showed that serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), C-reactive protein (CRP), Troponin I, and lipid profiles were maximally reinstated by the phenolic-enriched ripened sour over the sweet tamarind flesh extracts, but seed extracts had a smaller influence. Among the tamarind’s biometabolites, Gamma-sitosterol (ϒ-sitosterol) was found to be the best ligand in managing hypertension via the possible ligand-receptor interactions with the guanylate cyclase which displayed the best drug-likeliness through the highest binding energy -9.3 Kcal. Multitargeted interactions-based degree algorithm and phylogenetic tree of pathways showed 14 targeted genes, of which NR3C1, REN, PPARG, and CYP11B1 hub genes, were consistently modulated by the ϒ-sitosterol to reduce hypertension and related risk factors. The dynamic simulation study showed that the P-RMSD values of ϒ-sitosterol-guanylate cyclase were stable between 75.00 to 100.00 ns at the binding pocket. The findings demonstrate that ripened sour tamarind extract may be supplemented to be a more prospective antihypertensive target or nutraceuticals affirming through advanced preclinical and clinical studies.
Impact of COVID-19 on Internet Addiction and Mental Health: A Brief Overview
Authors: Pjevac Ana , Jovanovic Mirjana , Safiye Teodora , Milidrag Ardea , Rodic Ivana , Mihailovic Tatjana
Published: June 2023

The new coronavirus SARS Cov2 disease from 2019. (COVID-19), started as a cluster of unexplained pneumonia cases in Wuhan in December 2019, has spread globally and caused a serious public health threat. People were scared due to the COVID-19 cases that were rapidly increasing all over the world and the quick changes in how people lived. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected various aspects of life, one of which is the increased use of the internet, especially social media platforms. Past research has clearly linked a pandemic with signs of stress, depression, anxiety, and suicide thoughts, as well as with excessive internet use. The findings of research conducted around the world indicate that the higher the level of stress associated with the COVID-19 pandemic in an individual, the greater the tendency to develop an addiction to the internet. The aim of this paper was to provide a brief overview of the available scientific findings on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and internet addiction. Methods: A sweep through available literature was performed using the database Medline via the PubMed interface for articles written in English, using keywords and MeSH terms "Internet addiction", "mental health" and "COVID-19". Results: With insight into the scientific literature on COVID-19, mental health, and internet addiction, we have concluded that during the COVID-19 pandemic, time spent on the internet increased. Conclusion: Additionally, due to reduced social activities, above mentioned consequently led to internet addiction and thus to psychological distress, increased loneliness and depression.
Associations Between β-Lactamase Types of Acinetobacter Baumannii and Antimicrobial Resistance
Authors: Černiauskienė Kristina , Dambrauskienė Asta , Vitkauskienė Astra
Published: June 2023

Background and objective: Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is an important nosocomial pathogen that possesses not only intrinsic resistance to many classes of antibiotics, but also is capable to rapidly develop antimicrobial resistance during treatment. The aim of our study was to determine the production of different types of β-lactamases (AmpC, ESBL, KPC) in A. baumannii strains, to evaluate its association with antimicrobial resistance, and to identify the changes in these characteristics after 5 years. Materials and methods: A total of 233 A. baumannii strains were isolated from different clinical specimens of patients treated at the Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences in 2016–2017 and 2021–2022. All clinical cultures positive for A. baumannii were analyzed. The type of β-lactamase was detected by phenotypic methods using ESBL plus AmpC screen disk tests and the combination meropenem disk test. Results: In 2016–2017 and 2021–2022, all A. baumannii strains were resistant to ciprofloxacin; more than 80% were resistant to carbapenems, piperacillin/tazobactam, gentamicin, and tobramycin. Comparison of two different period showed that the production of two different types of β-lactamases increased more than 5-fold (from 17.7% to 94.2%, p < 0.001), and the production of all three types of β-lactamases, more than 4-fold (from 1.3% to 5.8%, p < 0.001). A. baumannii strains producing two or three types of β-lactamases were more often resistant to tigecycline, tetracycline, and doxycycline than strains producing one type of β-lactamases (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The frequency of isolation of A. baumannii strains producing two or three β-lactamases types and the resistance rates to ampicillin/sulbactam, tigecycline, tetracycline, and doxycycline increased in 2020–2021 as compared with 2016–2017. The production of two or three types of β-lactamases by A. baumannii strains was associated with higher resistance rates to tetracyclines.
Measuring the uniformity of Measurable Subsets of The Unit Square
Authors: Krishnan Bharath
Published: June 2023

Suppose set R is a subset of [0,1] x [0,1]. We want to define a measure of uniformity of R in the unit square using dimension d in [0,2]$ of the d-dimensional Hausdorff measure. Inorder to understand uniformity, we'll give examples in section 0 where points of R are uniform in [0,1] x [0,1]. Next in section 1, we will define preliminary definitions (e.g. Hausdorff & Counting measure) to define a uniformity of measurable subsets of the unit square. Finally, in section 2 we will define a measure of uniformity between 0 and 1 w.r.t a uniform R with Hausdorff-dimension d. (In this case, the larger the measure of uniformity, the smaller the non-uniformity w.r.t to uniform R)
An Evidence Accumulation Account of Masked Translation Priming in Two Bilingual Populations
Authors: Scrimshire Camille , Amador Sara Alicia , González García Andrea , Meza Galilea , Gómez Pablo
Published: June 2023

This manuscript addresses the phenomenon of masked priming in bilingual individuals. We employed a lexical decision task with masked translation priming, which serves as a valuable tool for elucidating the orthographic and lexical processes involved in the initial stages of reading. Our study builds upon previous research conducted on monolingual masked priming, which consistently demonstrates shifts in the response time (RT) distributions when comparing related and unrelated primes. Within the framework of a diffusion model, we implemented two theoretical positions. First, we posited that translation priming operates at the orthographic level, resulting in enhanced efficiency during the encoding process. Second, we explored the possibility that translation priming operates at the semantic level, influencing the accumulation of evidence during the lexical decision task. Our findings indicate that translation priming elicits outcomes similar to those observed in monolingual priming paradigms. Specifically, we observed that translation priming facilitation is manifested as shifts in the RT distributions. We interpret these findings as suggesting that the benefits derived from the encoding process are not specific to the accessed lexicon following brief stimulus presentation.
One New Property of a Class of Linear Time-Optimal Control Problems
Authors: Penev Borislav
Published: June 2023

The paper deals with one new property of the linear time-optimal control problems with real eigenvalues of the system, no matter of the number of eigenvalue multiplicity. This property unveils a prospective of synthesizing the time-optimal control without the need of describing the switching hyper-surfaces. The already chrestomathy example of the time-optimal control of a double integrator is resolved by the new technique and compared with the classical synthesis.
A Novel UHPLC-MS/MS Based Bioanalytical Method Used for S-Allyl Cysteine Comparative Pharmacokinetic Study
Authors: Ahmad Niyaz , Khan Mohd Faiyaz , Alkholifi Faisal K , Ullah Zabih , Farooqui Sadaf , Khan Dr. Nazia , Khalid Mohammed Saifuddin , Ali Mir Naiman , Tabassum Hajera
Published: June 2023

A newly UHPLC-MS/MS method development and validation for S-Allyl Cysteine was used to evaluate the comparative pharmacokinetic parameters. SC PLGA NPs were developed by the emulsion solvent evaporation method. SC PLGA NPs showed their drug loading and encapsulation efficiency i.e. 5.13±0.10% and 82.36±4.01%, respectively. SC PLGA NPs showed a spherical morphology on an average size (134.8±4.61nm), PDI: 0.277±0.004, and −25.3±1.03mV zeta-potential is suitable for oral delivery. Development and validation of the UHPLC-MS/MS bioanalytical method were performed successfully for PK-parameters examinations with 1.219-minutes RT, MS (162.00/73.10), and a total run-time was 2.0-minutes. 1.0–1000.0ng/mL was a linear-range with inter & intra-day accuracy (92.55–99.40%) followed by precision (1.88–4.23%). SC PLGA NPs oral bioavailability was significantly higher (**p<0.01) as compared to SC-S treated groups (iv & oral). We found that the antimicrobial activity of SC PLGA NPs was more effective than pure S-Allyl-L-Cysteine with significant results (p<0.01) as compared to SC-S. SC PLGA NPs showed fitted physicochemical and enhanced antimicrobial properties which can be helpful for oral administration. On the basis of our observations, SC PLGA NPs suggested the highest potential for the improvement of oral bioavailability with a sustained and controlled release of S-Allyl-L-Cysteine delivery.
Impact of professional wrangles among eye care providers in Kenya on refractive error service delivery
Authors: Muma Shadrack , Optometry Shadrack Muma
Published: June 2023

Purpose:To evaluate the impact of professional wrangles among eye care providers in Kenya on refractive error service delivery.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional prospective study conducted between January-June 2022. The study participants included 100 optometrists. The data was collected through interviews. Purposive sampling was used to recruit the participants. Descriptive statistics were presented using frequency, percentages and with p-values. Thematic analysis was carried out for qualitative data.
Results: Out of the 102 participants, 37 (36.3%) were female. The mean age for the participants was 30.5 years with majority being in the age group 30-34 years. There was no statistically significant difference between the ages and gender (p=0.132). Most participants 82 (80.4%) had practiced for more than 4 years. There was no statistically significant difference between years of operation and gender (p=0.09). The wrangle themes included mistrust, monopoly, specialty and threat. The impact themes included confusion and wrong perception, poor service delivery and negative attitude.
Conclusion: The burden of refractive error requires that professionals within the eye care should engage in team work. Professional wrangle impact negatively on refractive error service delivery and if such wrangles are not addressed appropriately then the mission for elimination of refractive error may not be achieved globally.
Role of ultrasound and inflammatory factors in the management of pediatric hip joint effusion
Authors: alamdaran Seyed Ali , nejad mohadeseh Tahey , Nouri Ahmad , Khoroushi Farzaneh , Aalami Mohammad Hasan , malek abdoreza , mohtasham Arezou
Published: June 2023

Background:
Septic arthritis is an important differential diagnosis of hip joint pain. Joint aspiration analysis is a necessary diagnostic measure for septic arthritis. In order to reduce the need for joint aspiration, we compared the combination of ultrasound findings and laboratory findings to separate septic arthritis from reactive arthritis.
Methods: Children aged <14 years who were referred to Akbar pediatric hospital in 2020-2022 with hip pain or limping were included in this longitudinal study. Participants underwent ultrasound examinations of the hip and blood samples were obtained from them. After confirming an effusion, dependent on patient status and clinical diagnosis, one of the following approaches was recommended; the close follow-up, or the ultrasound-guided aspiration of the hip joint effusion, and or arthrotomy. The various ultrasound and laboratory were documented. Data were analyzed and P<0.001 being considered statistically significant.
Results: Overall, 115 patients with a mean age of 3.43 ± 5.76 years, 46 of whom were girls, were studied. The final diagnosis in 23 cases (20.0%) was septic arthritis and 92 (80.0%) had reactive arthritis. Serum CRP and ESR unlike aspirate volume, effusion volume measured on ultrasound, capsule thickness, total thickness, and recorded capsule-to-effusion ratio were significantly higher in patients with septic arthritis (P<0.001). There was a significant agreement between the volume of measured fluid in the anterior recess and the volume of aspirated fluid (2.5 times, P<0.001). Septic arthritis was not observed in any of the patients with effusion volume in anterior recess less than 0.5cc and ESR less than 40 or CRP less than 15.
Conclusion:
Since septic arthritis was not observed in any of the patients with effusion volume <0.5cc and normal inflammatory factors (ESR or CRP), conservative management and close follow-up can be recommended in these patients instead of joint fluid aspiration.
The application of IUCN Red List criteria at the national level: a case study of non-Haplochromis fishes in Uganda
Authors: Akoth Dorothy , Musinguzi Laban , Efitre Jackson , Muyodi Fredrick Jones , Natugonza Vianny
Published: June 2023

Assessing the conservation status of species according to their extinction risk is a major step in conservation planning. To date, most of the assessments have been conducted at a global scale; yet, most conservation efforts are conducted at the national or local scale. Also, the global assessments often do not fit individual countries whose biodiversity may have unique threats that are specific and distinct from those at the global level. Elsewhere, this problem has been addressed by developing national Red Lists; in Uganda, this approach is also taking root, except that it has only focused on terrestrial biota, with limited attention to freshwater biodiversity. To address this gap, we used species occurrence data, integrated with expert knowledge and literature, to assess the extinction risk of 110 non-Haplochromis fishes in Uganda at a national scale. Then, we compared these assessments with the IUCN global red list categories published by 2021. The national threat classifications differed substantially from those at the global level; specifically, more species were threatened at the national level than at the global level. Generally, this finding was expected as has been observed elsewhere, but for the case of Uganda, it was only expected for species with a wide distribution beyond the national boundaries and not for fishes that are geographically restricted, where the global and national threat statuses are expected to be comparable. This finding underscores the importance of national assessments even when species are designated as “Least concern” at the global level. This study constitutes the first national red list for fish species in Uganda. This work has the potential to (i) trigger site-based conservation and rethinking of the extent of protected areas, (ii) stimulate data collection, especially in areas where fishes are designated as “Data Deficient”, and (iii) aid updating of the regional and global IUCN Red List assessments, for which conservation status of the majority non-Haplochromis species is outdated and many others remain unevaluated.