bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estado, políticas públicas e a ideologia como base para a avaliação da Política de Educação Profissional
Authors: Ferreira Etiene Figueiredo , Azevedo Márcio Adriano de
Published: March 2022

O presente artigo é fruto de pesquisa acerca de avaliação política da política de educação profissional, com desdobramentos frente às questões do Estado, das políticas públicas e às questões ideológicas que permeiam as políticas no Brasil. A avaliação política da política como pesquisa científica ainda é recente no Brasil, tendo como marco referencial as pesquisas e os estudos de Souza (2013), de Figueiredo e Figueiredo (1986), e de Azevedo (2010). Assim, de natureza e abordagem qualitativas, para a realização da pesquisa adotou-se os procedimentos teórico-metodológicos da revisão bibliográfica e da análise documental. As avaliações das políticas de educação, portanto, são vistas de forma reducionistas e abordadas de maneira meramente técnicas, pois as políticas neoliberais vêm influenciando e induzindo as avaliações a possuírem esse caráter. Diante das reflexões apresentadas, pois, tem-se que a educação profissional no campo das políticas públicas é submetida a modelos avaliativos.
Review of Cashless Economy in Nigeria and the Challenges of Network Infrastructures
Authors:   Computer Science Department, Federal Polytechnic, Oko, Anambra State, Nigeria, A I Adigwe
Published: March 2022

The central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) conceptualized the idea of Cashless Economy in 2011 as part of its blueprint to drive economic development and modernise our payment system in line with the Nation’s Vision 2020 goal of being amongst the twenty most developed economies by the year 2020. The Apex bank of Nigeria then came up with a cashless policy with the view of pegging the amount of physical cash to be withdrawn or deposited at a time in commercial banks. The pilot scheme kick started in Lagos, Kano, Anambra and some other states of Nigeria’s major commercial cities with intention of spreading across all the states of federation and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT). It was designed to reduce but not eliminate the amount of physical cash in circulation and encourage more electronic driven transaction channels. A number of researchers agree that this initiative by the CBN is anchored on the fact that an efficient and digitized payment system positively correlates with economic development, which is believed to be a key indicator for economic growth provided that all other factors are constant. This policy involves deployment of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) gadgets through Computer Network Infrastructures. The Policy aims at reducing cost of banking services, improving the effectiveness of monetary policy in managing inflation as well as driving economic growth and development. However, since its inception, the policy has witnessed a number of challenges such as transaction failures resulting from poor network availability, hidden bank charges by commercial banks and cyber crime attacks. This research, therefore, is an opinion paper in which the researcher presents the challenges facing cashless policy in Nigeria and as well as proffer solutions to the identified challenges. A good number of cashless transaction channels were equally discussed and these include Electronic Cards, Automated Teller Machines (ATM), Mobile Banking, Online banking, Point of Sales (POS), and Near Field Communication (NFC). However, they all seem to have a common challenge (Network failures). The study recommends Five Nines availability (Network uptime of 99.999 percent) and Mesh Network design topology amongst others as recommendations.
Modernity and Medicalisation of Childbirth in Arunachal Pradesh
Authors:   Ph.D Scholar, Department of Sociology, Rajiv Gandhi University, Arunachal Pradesh, Mamu Gora
Published: March 2022

The process of modernisation is witnessed all around the world. Modernity has impacted every aspect of human life, and this article deals with the impact of Modernity on health in general and childbirth methods in particular. Based on the data from NFHS-3, NFHS-4, and NFHS-5, there has been an increasing trend of institutional delivery and caesarean section delivery in Arunachal Pradesh. The introduction of institutional delivery has been linked with reducing Infant Mortality Rate and Maternal Mortality Ratio. Fewer women and children are dying during the childbirth process due to the introduction of institutional delivery. However, institutionalisation has inevitably resulted in the Medicalisation of childbirth. Moreover, Medicalisation has led to an increase in caesarean section surgery worldwide. The concept of institutional delivery, which is a product of Modernity, is relatively new in the tribal state of Arunachal Pradesh. This study tries to understand the changing childbirth method in the state by undertaking a qualitative study in the Doimukh and Naharlagun region of Arunachal Pradesh.
Rapid Assessment of Prevalence of Malaria among Patients of a Referral Hospital in Oweri South East Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Imo State University, Nigeria, Medo U Ajero Chigbo
Published: March 2022

Malaria has social consequences and exerts a heavy burden on economic development in Nigeria. This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of malaria among out and in patients attending a referral hospital in Owerri South-East Nigeria between January and October 2019. Two hundred and thirty-five patients consisting of 114 males and 121 females were engaged in the study after obtaining their consent. Capillary blood samples were collected from finger-pricked blood using Rapid Diagnostic Test kit (ICT COMBO, Core Diagnostic, U.K) for detection of Plasmodium falciparum and pan malaria antigen Pf/Pan for non-falciparum species. The data were collated and analysed with descriptive and chi-square statistics with significance set at 0.5. The result recorded an overall malaria prevalence of 62.55%. Female patients had significantly higher (77.72%) malaria prevalence than males (51.75%) (p<0.05). Age-related prevalence of malaria within the study period showed that malaria prevalence across the age groups exceeded 50%, except for the age group 40-49 years with a prevalence of 45.61%. However, the age-related prevalence of malaria was not significantly different, (p >0.05). The result reveals an active transmission of malaria parasites which constitute a public health burden. There is a need for improved effort in the prevention and control of this scourge.
Comparative Plasma Levels of Angiotensin II in Women with or without Uterine Fibroid in Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria
Authors:   Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Lagos, Nigeria, Orekoya OO
Published: March 2022

Background: Uterine fibroid is the most common tumour in women reproductive age group Recently uterine fibroids have been noticed to be more common in patients with hypertension, another disease with a predilection for the black race. The study compares the serum levels of angiotensin II in women with uterine fibroids and women without uterine fibroids. Methods/Designs: The study was a prospective case-controlled study involving ninety consecutive women with a confirmed diagnosis of uterine fibroids and ninety consecutive women with intact uterus with no sonological diagnosis of uterine fibroids matched for age, parity and body mass index. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was completed for each subject, who also had their blood pressure checked in the clinic and 5ml of venous blood drawn for angiotensin 2 assay. The uterine size was measured in pregnancy weeks. The data obtained were processed and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences, (SPSS) version 20. Results: The mean serum level of angiotensin II in women with uterine fibroids was significantly higher than that in women without uterine fibroids, (0.71±0.07ng/ml vs. 0.23±0.07ng/ml), p <0.001. The mean systolic blood pressure was significantly higher in respondents with uterine fibroids (122.99±16.01 vs. 112.92±13.22mmhg), p<0.001. Women with uterine fibroids were about six times more likely to have hypertension than women without fibroids, p= 0.01. Conclusion: Uterine fibroids and hypertension are associated with higher levels of angiotensin II, suggesting a possible important aetiological role in both by angiotensin II.
Audience Perception of Outdoor Advertisement use by Herbal Remedies Providers in South-east Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Mass Communication, Paul University, Awka, Nzeribe Nwedo
Published: March 2022

This study investigated how residents of South-East Nigeria felt about the use of outdoor advertisement by herbal remedies providers to persuade patronage. The survey research method was used to study 384 respondents selected across the five South East states using the purposive sampling technique. The objectives of study are to find the level of exposure of residents in South-East Nigeria to outdoor advertisements made on herbal remedies, to know the extent to which those exposed to the advertisements understand their message as to persuade trails and use, to ascertain how receivers of the advertisements on herbal remedies react to presented messages, and to know if outdoor advertisement of herbal remedies persuade product consumption as measurement for patronage. The study found that oudoor advertsiemnts on herbal remedies persuaded residents of South East States to patronize the products. Among the reecommendations are attractive and infromative packaging of advertised herbal products should be used to differentiate the products and awareness should be created on specific herbal products to make it easier for audience members to make purchasing decision
Educational Colonialism and the Importance of Indigenous Decolonization in Promoting a Growth Mindset
Authors:   Master of Arts in Asia Pacific Studies with an emphasis in Humanities and Social Science, Social Science Instructor, College of the Marshall Islands Liberal Arts Department, Marshall Islands, N Doulatram Desmond
Published: March 2022

Educational Colonialism in the Republic of the Marshall Islands is very real where Marshallese ways of knowing and being remain on the margins. Institutional racism and structural violence in the academy and most importantly within the Marshallese education system is mainly to blame. Indigenous Decolonization focusing on cultural continuity and language maintenance can be the solution for promoting a growth mindset by decolonizing the mind of the existing student populace. This paper argues in brief, the “importance of cultural maintenance and language maintenance by Marshallese and for Marshallese” via their own ways of doing things (e.g. JiTDam Kapeel) and how this is crucial and needs to be culturally prioritized for the overall well-being of Marshallese and the Marshall Islands in general.
Acoustic Epidemiology of Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) & Covid19 Leveraging explainable AI/ML
Authors:   Docturnal Private Limited, India, Pathri Rahul
Published: March 2022

Involuntary cough is a prominent symptom for many a Lung Ailments ranging from Infectious to non-Infectious diseases. Early research around human cough established that the spectral signatures do not vary between Involuntary and Voluntary coughs. The study aimed at evaluating voluntary human cough sounds recorded under a stringent clinical protocol. India’s ambitious goal to eliminate and eradicate TB by 2025 shall be facilitated by Machine Learning tools that address subjectivity in that the healthcare worker can now take the solution as a screening modality to the last mile as a part of outreach programs without having to rely on infrastructure & connectivity. In this paper we present the findings of Clinical Trials for Pulmonary TB registered at CTRI/2019/02/017672 conducted independently and included Covid19 during the pandemic as a part of Bi-Directional screening modality. The reference standards used were CBNAAT (Cartridge based nucleic acid amplification test) & CXR (Chest X-Ray) for TB while for Covid19; RT-PCR was used as the reference standard. As a non-invasive and contactless screening modality, a sophisticated third-party Microphone Array was used to record the cough under a stringent infection control protocol. Sensitivity achieved across the sites for TB ranged between 80% - 83% and Specificity was to the tune of 92% while using CBNAAT as a reference standard. CXR when used as a reference standard for TB achieved a sensitivity and specificity of 59% and 60% respectively. Covid19 achieved a sensitivity & specificity of 92% and 96% while using RT-PCR as the reference standard. The study was primarily focused on the Frequency domain that paved way for feature extraction and explainable Machine Learning Models operating upon lossless WAV files hypothesizing acoustic theory and demographic inputs. The solution titled “TimBre” can now be added to the healthcare workers arsenal in situations where a RT-PCR or CXR is not available and seamlessly conduct bidirectional screening with a single recording of cough and also offer insights into Non-Communicable diseases as a part of differential diagnosis
Posttraumatic Stress in Youth during Covid-19: A Narrative Review
Authors:   University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine and Fielding Graduate University, USA, Field Tiffany
Published: March 2022

The prevalence of post-traumatic stress (PTSS/PTSD) in youth during COVID-19 has widely ranged from 3% in China to 69% in Bangladesh. It has also varied by age group, type of questionnaire and whether it was assessed during a lockdown or during the non-lockdown pandemic. In several studies reviewed here, PTSS/PTSD has been highly correlated with anxiety, depression and sleep disturbances, suggesting the comorbidity of those problems. Risk factors or correlates of PTSS/PTSD in youth during COVID-19 have included older age, female gender, parent PTSD, loneliness, missing friends, fear of infection and lack of exercise. Methodological limitations of this literature include the cross-sectional nature of the data collection and the lack of studies on potential underlying mechanisms.
Anxiety as Major Cause of Back Pain in Post Covid -19 Affected Individuals –from Practitioner’s View
Authors:   Visiting Surgeon- Orthopaedics and Spine Surgery Director, Spineservicesindital, Visiting Spine Surgeon Ramakrishnshna Mission Seva Pratisthan and Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences, Sishom angal Hospital, Sarat Bose Road. Kolkata and Woodlands Multispecialty Hospital, Alipore, Kolkata, India, Roy Suhasish
Published: March 2022

Anxiety is usually transient in nature, but if the symptoms are severe and persistent in the absence of stressor, then it is considered as anxiety disorder. Medical health practitioners have been connected with the patients and hence can better speculate the psychology of human beings. The present study was designed to find out the manifestation of anxiety as repercussion of back pain in the post COVID scenario examined in the setup of a medical practitioner. A survey was conducted among the medical practitioners from India to find out the possibility of anxiety as after-effect of back pain post COVID-19 through questionnaires. Results of the study showed that 95% of patients were in the view to have chances of anxiety with more possibility to have social anxiety and post-traumatic stress anxiety disorder as a consequence of COVID-19. Female and male genders have equal chances, whereas transgender have lesser chances to have anxiety disorders as a consequence of COVID-19. Population above 50 years age might have maximum chance of having anxiety as after-effect of COVID-19. The study concludes to have chances of anxiety as repercussion of COVID-19
EFEKTIVITAS INOKULAN URIN SAPI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS KOMPOS
Authors: Wijaya Suci Alpat , Riviwanto Muchsin , Awaluddin Awaluddin
Published: March 2022

Komposting merupakan proses penguraian materi-materi organik dengan bantuan mikroorganisme. Mikroorganisme pengurai yaitu penambahan buangan lain seperti urin sapi untuk mempercepat proses pengomposan sebagai inokulan cair. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas inokulan cair urin sapi terhadap lama pengomposan dan kualitas kompos.Jenis penelitian adalah eksperimen. Pembuatan kompos dilaksanakan di Workshop Kesehatan Lingkungan Poltekkes Kemenkes Padang dan pemeriksaan kualitas kompos di Laboratorium Tanah UNAND. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa pada perlakuan konsentrasi1% berlangsung selama 27 hari dengan kualitas C/N 10,946, konsentrasi 2% berlangsung selama 23 hari dengan kualitas C/N 10,314, konsentrasi 3% berlangsung selama 21 hari dengan kualitas C/N 9,219 dan kontrol berlangsung selama 35 hari dengan kualiatas C/N kompos 7,238. Berdasarkan hasil uji Anova terdapat perbedaan lama waktu pegomposan dantidak terdapat perbedaan kualitas kompos yang signifikan antar beberapa perlakuan inokulan.Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan perlakuan tercepat terjadi pada penambahan konsentrasi 3% sedangkan kualitas yang optimum terjadi pada perlakuan konsentrasi 1% dan 2%. Berdasarkan hasil dalam pembuatan kompos untuk penelitimendatang agar melakukan pemberian inokulan secara bersamaan tanpa penambahan berkali-kali karena bisa memperngaruhi kualitas kompos.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTI-BAKTERI EKSTRAK BIJI PEPAYA (Carica papaya L.) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI METICHILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
Authors: Suryantari Sang Ayu Arta , Satyarsa Agung Bagus Sista , Sari Ni Nyoman Shinta Prasista , Darmawan I Putu Gede Putra , Jawi I Made
Published: March 2022

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) merupakan sebuah permasalahan utama dalam penyakit infeksi dikarenakan telah resisten beberapa antibiotika. Agen anti-bakteri yang dapat melawan MRSA sangat diperlukan untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut. Biji Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) mengandung Flavonoid-Saponin yang sangat berpotensi sebagai anti-bakterial yang kuat sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan dalam dunia kesehatan. Adapun tujuan penelitian yakni untuk membuktikan aktivitas anti-bakteri ekstrak Biji Pepaya terhadap perkembangan bakteri MRSA. Buah pepaya dikumpulkan dari satu perkebunan di daerah Tabanan, Bali. Biji pepaya dibuat dalam bentuk ekstrak kental menggunakan metode maserasi. Uji anti-bakteri menggunakan metode difusi Kirby-Bauer. Metode Kirby-Bauer dibuat dibuat menggunakan blank disk atau cakram disk. Dilakukan 6 perlakuan, yaitu ekstrak etanol biiji pepaya dengan konsentrasi 25%, 50%, 75% dan 100%, kontrol positif vancomycin 30Âµg dan kontrol negatif dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). Setiap perlakuan dilakukan empat kali pengulangan. Diameter zona hambat pada kultur MRSA dicatat dan data dianalisis menggunakan aplikasi SPSS. Hasil uji ekstrak biji papaya menunjukan terjadi penghambatan pertumbuhan dari aktivitas bakteri MRSA yakni dengan rerata diameter zona hambat pada konsentrasi 25% sebesar 6,67Â±0,577 mm; 50% sebesar 9,00Â±1,000 mm; 75% sebesar 10,00Â±1,000 mm; dan 100% sebesar 11,67Â±0,577 mm. Berdasarkan hasil uji beda rerata, diperoleh terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara diameter zona hambat pada setiap kelompok (p
REFLEXIONES EN TORNO A LA PROTECCIÓN DE LOS DATOS PERSONALES EN LAS COMUNICACIONES ELECTRÓNICAS
Authors: ABERASTURI GORRIÑO UNAI , CUBERO MARCOS JOSE IGNACIO
Published: March 2022

Este trabajo tiene por objeto profundizar en las consecuencias jurídicas que producen las nuevas tecnologías en la protección de datos personales en el ámbito de la Unión Europea. Por un lado, diversos operadores de telefonía pueden conservar los datos de los usuarios, relativos al sujeto que realiza la llamada, al destinatario, la localización, la fecha y la hora de la misma. Esto se debe a que toda esta información se almacena por las compañías, a efectos de exigir los pagos por interconexión entre sus redes. Los usuarios deberían conocer qué operadores poseen todos aquellos datos, cuáles son
y para qué los emplea. De lo contrario, se estaría infringiendo la legislación de protección de datos. Por otro lado, los mecanismos tecnológicos que permiten almacenar una enorme cantidad de información se han convertido en medios para burlar la legislación sobre protección de datos.

Teknologia berriek datu pertsonalak babestearen alorrean Europar Batasunean eragiten dituzten ondorio juridikoetan sakontzea da lan honen helburua. Batetik, hainbat telefonia-operadorek erabiltzaileen datuak gorde ditzaketela azaltzen du. Datu horiek deia egiten duenarenak, hartzailearenak, kokapenarenak, eta deiaren datarenak eta orduarenak dira. Informazio hori arrazoi batengatik gordetzen dute konpainiek: sareen arteko loturak erabiltzeagatik bezeroei ordainketak eskatzeko. Datu guzti horiek gordetzen dituzten operadoreak zein diren jakin behar lukete erabiltzaileek, bai eta zer datu diren, eta zertarako erabiltzen dituzten ere. Bestela, datuen babeseko legeria urratzen duen egoera batean egongo ginateke. Bestetik, informazio-kopuru izugarria gordetzeko aukera ematen duten mekanismo teknologiko horiek datuen babeseko legeriari iruzur egiteko bitarteko bihurtu direla esaten da lanean.

This article has the purpose of studying the impact of new technologies in data protection in the European Union. On one hand, many operators can use data which refer to the people who call by phone, that¿s to say, who receives those calls and when are made. Taking account these operators manage a net that is interconnected with others, users should know different companies must retain data during a period of time. On the other hand, Internet and new technologies, that allow hosting much information, are ways to breach the legislation on data protection. For example, cookies are files that are introduced in computers to control and view the web pages visited by the users. In this way, companies and operators can manage personal data without affected citizens¿ consent. User can¿t exercise the right to change and remove their data. Data protection legislation states that holders of particulars have the right to supervise the objective for using data.
LA NUEVA LEY DE CONTRATOS DEL SECTOR PÚBLICO: ÁMBITO DE APLICACIÓN Y OTRAS CUESTIONES NOVEDOSAS
Authors: CHINCHILLA MARÍN CARMEN
Published: March 2022

Este trabajo analiza algunas de las novedades de la Ley 30/2007, de Contratos del Sector Público. Concretamente, son tres las cuestiones objeto de estudio: en primer lugar, el ámbito subjetivo de aplicación de la nueva Ley, que tiene la singularidad de partir de una categoría genérica ¿entidades del
sector público¿, dentro de la que se distinguen diversos tipos de sujetos: las Administraciones públicas; los poderes adjudicadores que no son Administraciones públicas y, por último, las entidades que, perteneciendo al sector público, no son ni Administraciones ni poderes adjudicadores. En segundo lugar, se estudia la nueva clasificación de los contratos y, en relación con ello, el régimen jurídico de los distintos tipos de contratos y la jurisdicción competente para conocer de los litigios que se planteen en relación con los mismos. En tercer y último lugar, se estudia el recurso especial y las medidas provisionales, previstos para determinados tipos de contratos.

Sektore Publikoaren Kontratuen 30/2007 Legeak dakartzan zenbait berritasun aztertuko ditugu lan honetan; zehazki, hiru. Lehenik eta behin, lege berriaren aplikazio-eremu subjektiboa. Izan ere, eremu horrek badu bereizgarri aparteko bat, hain zuzen, kategoria generiko jakin bat duela abiapuntu, sektore publikoko erakundeak, zenbait subjektu bereizten dituena bere baitan: herri-administrazioak; herri-administrazioa ez diren botere esleitzaileak eta, azkenik, sektore publikokoak izanik, ez herri-administrazio ez botere esleitzaile diren erakundeak. Bigarrenik, kontratuen sailkapen berria aztertuko dugu, eta, horrekin lotuta, kontratu ezberdinen araubide juridikoa nahiz kontratuok direla-eta sor daitezkeen auziak ebazteko jurisdikzioa
zein den. Hirugarrenik eta azkenik, kontratu mota jakin batzuetarako aurreikusten den errekurtso berezia eta behin-behineko neurriak.

This work analyzes some of the novelties in the the Public Sector Procurement Act 30/2007. Specifically, there are three questions to be addressed: firstly, the personal scope of the new Act, that has the singularity of starting from a generic category ¿Public sector organizations¿ among which several types of persons are to be distinguished: Public Administrations, the contracting authorities that are not Public Administrations; and, lastly, the organizations that being part of the Public sector are neither Administrations nor contracting authorities. Secondly, it is studied a new classification of contracts and in relation to it, the legal regime of the different types of contracts and the jurisdiction that shall hear the cases that might arise.
Third of all and lastly, a specialized appeal and the interim measures mentioned for some particular type of contracts are studied.
EL NUEVO MARCO GENERAL QUE PARA LA ORDENACIÓN TERRITORIAL Y URBANÍSTICA DEFINE LA LEY 8/2007 DE SUELO
Authors: PAREJO ALFONSO LUCIANO
Published: March 2022

El autor, desde la experiencia de haber participado en la elaboración de la legislación estatal de suelo, sitúa la ordenación territorial y urbanística sobre cimientos bien ajustados al orden constitucional, de tal suerte que huye de confiar la definición de la convivencia sobre el territorio al mero resultado del libre juego de las fuerzas que operan en el mercado. La regulación del derecho de iniciativa para la actividad de ejecución de la urbanización, en ejercicio del derecho de libre empresa ¿cuando la actividad no deba o vaya a ser realizada por la Administración¿ se debe llevar a cabo mediante un procedimiento con publicidad y concurrencia y con criterios que salvaguarden una adecuada participación de la comunidad en las plusvalías derivadas de las actuaciones urbanísticas. Asimismo, destaca el nuevo régimen de valoración del suelo de conformidad con el régimen básico de la propiedad aplicable al suelo rural o urbanizado.

Egileak, lurzoruari buruzko legeria estatalean prestaketan parte hartu izanaren esperientziatik, lurralde- eta hirigintza-antolamendua ordena konstituzionalari ongi doituriko zimenduen gainean kokatzen du, halako eran non, ihes egiten duen lurraldearen gaineko lankidetzaren definizioa merkatuan jarduten duten indarren joko askearen emaitza hutsean fidatzetik. Urbanizatze-lana betearazteko jarduerarako ekimeneko eskubidea araupetzea, enpresa libreko eskubideaz baliatuz ¿jarduera hori Administrazioak egin behar ez duenean edo egin behar ez duenean¿ publikotasun eta konkurrentziako prozedura baten bidez burutu behar da, bai eta hirigintzako jarduketetatik ondorioztatutako plusbalioetan komunitatearen parte-hartze egokia zaintzen duten irizpideen bidez ere. Era berean, aipatzekoa da landa-lurzoruari edo lurzoru urbanizagarriari aplikagarri zaion jabetzaren oinarrizko araubidearen arabera lurzorua balioesteko araubide berria.

The author, with the experience of having participated in the drafting of the State legislation on land, places the rules on zoning and development on pillars clearly adjusted to the constitutional order and therefore avoids the definition of the management of the soil to the mere result of the free competition of market forces. The regulation of the right of initiative for the execution of urban development, within the exercise of freedom of
enterprise ¿when action must not or is not to be executed by the Administration¿ has to be carried out by means of a public and competitive procedure following criteria that protect an appropriate participation of the community in the capital gain derived from that same urban development. Likewise, he underlies the new regime of land valuation in conformity with the basic provisions on property applicable to rural and developed land.
LAS VALORACIONES EN LA LEY DE SUELO
Authors: BAÑO LEÓN JOSÉ MARÍA
Published: March 2022

Todo mercado cotiza expectativas, el problema es que, en el caso del suelo, esas expectativas son producto fundamentalmente de la acción de los poderes públicos (caso del suelo urbanizable) o de la esperanza en esa acción reclasificatoria (caso del suelo rústico). ¿Debe la comunidad cuando priva a un particular de la propiedad del suelo cotizar las expectativas? En caso de respuesta afirmativa: ¿Qué expectativas deben valorarse? La nueva Ley de Suelo establece que se calcula el valor por el método residual en el suelo urbanizado, y por el método de capitalización de la renta real o potencial en el suelo rural. La diferencia esencial con la legislación procedente no está tanto en el cambio de método de valoración como en el hecho de que la ley prescinde de la clasificación de suelo y, por tanto, se centra en la situación real del suelo en el momento de la valoración.

Merkatu orok igurikapenak kotizatzen ditu; arazoa da, lurzoruaren kasuan, igurikapen horiek batik bat aginte publikoen (lurzoru urbanizagarriaren kasuan) edo birsailkapen-ekintza horretan dagoen esperantzaren (landa-lurzoruaren kasuan) produktu direla. Partikular bat lurzoruaren jabetzaz gabetzen duenean, komunitateak kotizatu behar ditu igurikapenak? Baiezko erantzunaren kasuan: zer igurikapen balioetsi behar dira? Lurzoruaren Lege berriak ezartzen du balio hori lurzoru urbanizatuko hondar-metodoaren bidez kalkulatu behar dela, eta errenta erreal edo potentzialaren kapitalizazioko metodoaren bidez, landa-lurzoruan. Aurreko legeriarekiko funtsezko diferentzia ez datza balioespeneko metodoa aldatzean, baizik eta beste egitate honetan: legeak albo batera uzten du lurzoruaren sailkapena, eta, beraz, lurzoruaren egoera errealean zentratzen da, balioespeneko unean duen egoeran.

Every market values expectations; the problem is that in the case of land, those expectations are mainly the result of Public Authorities¿ acts (in the case of the land which may be developed) or of the hope in reclassification (in the case of rural land). Should the Community that deprives the particular from the property of rural land estimate the value of his or her expectations? If the answer is positive, which are the expectations to be valued?. The new Act on Land sets up that the value is to be determined by the residual method in the developed land, and by the capitalization of the real or potential earnings in rural land. The essential difference with previous legislation does not lie in the change of valuation methodology but in the fact that this Act dispenses with the classification of land and therefore it focuses on the real situation of land when it is effectively valued.
SÍNTESIS DE LAS NUEVAS POLÍTICAS EN MATERIA DE URBANISMO
Authors: AGIRREAZKUENAGA ZIGORRAGA IÑAKI
Published: March 2022

Se trata de realizar una síntesis de la problemática de la aplicación del art.149.1.1 CE como fuente de competencias urbanísticas del Estado, tanto con anterioridad a la entrada en vigor de la Ley 8/2007, como tras su aprobación, en la medida en que la nueva legislación estatal se erige como auténtica legislación básica en materia de urbanismo. Se aboga por una diferencia neta entre las valoraciones de suelo y las valoraciones de los derechos urbanísticos, así como en deslindar los derechos urbanísticos del derecho de propiedad del suelo. En tal sentido se defiende que los derechos urbanísticos se deben valorar de forma independiente y objetiva según la edificabilidad real prevista, y todo ello podrá materializarse o compensarse, según proceda con los deberes, dotaciones o gastos que sea necesario emprender, de tal suerte que podría articularse un sistema más objetivo y transparente de fundamentos materiales de igualdad para edificar el urbanismo del futuro.

Artikulu honek Espainiako Konstituzioaren 149.1.1 art.ren ezarpenak dakartzan arazoen sintesi bat egitea du lehen helburu. Izan ere, aipatu xedapena Estatuak hirigintza arloan dauzkan eskuduntzen iturri da, bai 8/2007 Legea indarrean sartu aurretik, bai indarrean sartu ondoren ere. Lan honetan, halaber, ezberdintasun argi baten alde egiten da: lurraren balioespenaren eta lur gainean edo zorupean sortzen diren hirigintza eskubideen artekoa, alegia. Honetara, hirigintza-eskubideak era objektiboan balioetsi behar direla defendatzen da, betiere, aurreikusitako benetako eraikigarritasuna aintzat hartuz. Eta hori guztia gauzatu edo konpentsatu ahal izango da egokitzat jotako moduan, aurreikusitako gastuak konpentsatuz. Hortaz, modu
honetan taxutu ahal izango litzateke objektiboagoa, gardenagoa eta materialki berdintasunean oinarritzen den sistema bat, betiere etorkizuneko hirigintza eraikitzeko xedearekin.

The author tries to do a synthesis on the problems about the application of art. 149.1.1 as a source of State planning powers, either previously to the current legislation or after its enactment, as long as this new state legislation arises as the real basic legislation in the field of planning. It is pleaded for a clear difference between land valuations and valuations of rights of use of land, so as to clearly setting apart rights on use of land from rights to property of land. From that point of view, it argues that rights of use of land should be valued in a independent and objective way depending on the provided real buildable area, and all of it might be materialized or compensated, according to obligations, equipments and expenses that might be
necessary to undertake. Therefore, a more objective and open system could be articulated on the basis of material foundations of equality for the construction of planning in the future.
Development of Measures to Amend the Labour Protection Regulations of the Chemical and Petrochemical Industry of Kazakhstan
Authors: Nurgalieva Kuralay , Mardenova Leila , Usenova Anel
Published: March 2022

The chemicals and petrochemicals industry is currently one of the world's leading international economies. But at the same time it also remains an industry where harmful, difficult and hazardous working conditions for workers are present. All occupational safety and health protection measures must be aimed at achieving the main objective of reducing the level of occupational diseases on the basis of, first and foremost, preventive work on risk factors. Professional activity at chemical and petrochemical enterprises reveals the necessity to develop a clear algorithm of occupational risk analysis, which has a common basis with assessment of other technical risks. The chemical and petrochemical industry is an industry with a large number of risks: risk of fire, risk of explosion, risk of leakage of harmful chemicals, risk of evaporation of harmful chemicals. All these risks entail risks of getting sick: respiratory tract cancer, etc. and the resulting disability or disablement.

This article examines some methods of occupational risk assessment in the chemical and petrochemical industry. Analysis of methodologies such as the ranking of occupational hazards, the Kwij Al-Dalemi occupational risk assessment, as well as the French experience of the Laboratory Laboratory Network-Prevention Network-National Surveillance for Occupational Diseases (Research National de Vigilance et de Prevention des Pathologies Professionneles, RNV3P) and the US experience of LHAT-Laboratory for Hazardous Substances Assessment in Iowa State in the USA. The article details the methodology for ranking occupational hazards in chemical plants and shows the ranking of occupational hazards by priority and their short- and long-term exposure.
The Economic Effects of the Consumer Over-Indebtedness Legislation in Italy: An Agent-Based Model
Authors: Bonaventura Luigi , Lazzara Margherita
Published: March 2022

Consumer over-indebtedness is a growing phenomenon in EU countries. Legislation addressing debt solutions for consumers does not have a long tradition in Italy. In 2012 Italy defined debt settlement procedures to reduce the impact of over-indebtedness. We build a disequilibrium agent-based model (abm), populated by heterogeneous consumers who behave according to boundedly rational behavioral rules. Through abm model, it will be possible to test the effects of this regulatory framework on the credit market, wealth distribution, and savings. In particular, the probability by means the local Tribunal accepts the consumer plan has an important role to balance between the need to provide an appropriate solution for enabling over-indebted individuals to start over with their lives, on one hand, and economic efficiency that debts should be paid.
Ética del servidor público: revisión sistemática
Authors: Alvarado Silva Ursula , Paca Pantigoso Flabio Romeo
Published: March 2022

El propósito de esta revisión sistemática, consistió en analizar como la ética del servidor público, juega un papel fundamental para el buen funcionamiento de las instituciones del Estado. El estudio, se llevó a cabo siguiendo la metodología PRISMA. Se partió, de una revisión de literatura generalizada en fuentes de data electrónicas, para determinar el estado de la temática de estudio e identificar los posibles artículos científicos relacionados con la misma. Las bases de datos revisadas y consultadas fueron: Scielo, Alicia Concytec, Scopus, Ebsco, Latinindex, y la plataforma GALE ONEFILE, de la biblioteca virtual de la Universidad Cesar Vallejo.

El proceso de identificación, elegibilidad e inclusión, se llevó a cabo en dos semanas. De los 370 artículos consultados en la búsqueda especializada, se consideraron 25, tomando en cuenta, entre los criterios de inclusión los siguientes: Artículos científicos completos, relacionados o interrelacionados con la ética pública, la ética y los valores del servidor público y la ética en la administración pública, para una población, compuesta por servidores públicos, bajo el contexto de: Instituciones públicas. Los idiomas de consulta para estos artículos: español e inglés. Fecha de publicación: Desde 2011 hasta 2021 y que, consideren la importancia de la aplicación de principios éticos, deberes éticos y prohibiciones éticas, por parte del servidor público. Entre los criterios de exclusión, se encuentran: Servidores privados, Instituciones no públicas, idiomas diferentes al español e inglés, publicaciones antes del 2011, que se centren en temáticas anti éticas, así como publicaciones que no sean de artículos científicos o pertenecientes a revistas indexadas. Los resultados, muestran que, la aplicación de la ética del servidor público, tanto individual como institucional, se traducen en una gestión pública eficiente y eficaz.
Desıgn and Constructıon of an Automated and Manual New-Fangled Fruıt Juıce Extractor
Authors: OLODU Dıckson Davıd
Published: March 2022

The goal of this study was to design and build an automatic and manual new-fangled fruit juice extractor. People's growing desire for fruit juice, owing to its nutritional benefits, has resulted in the development of a machine that would make the extraction of huge quantities of fruit juice easier and more efficient. The ideal operating criteria for the new-fangled juice extraction machine, juice yield, extraction loss, and extraction efficiency, were assessed for performance throughout the design phase. The entire production capacity of new-fangled juice extraction machines, both automated and manual, was also assessed. The machine was built manually with the use of local materials and tools. The major materials used for the construction of the machine were mld steel, stainless steel, and plastic. During the construction of the machine, the component pieces were fabricated separately using mld steel sheet, stainless steel, and plastic before being finally assembled. It was built in such a way that when the handle is moved, the fruits are crushed and juice is produced. It was also built to run automatically thanks to the incorporation of a drive belt and an electric motor. The orange and citrus fruits were washed and weighed in this study, with fruit weights ranging from 1.4kg to 2.5kg. Maximum juice output, extraction efficiency, and extraction loss were all determined to be 77.6%, 85.3%, and 6.5 percent, respectively.The results demonstrate that the newly planned and manufactured juice extractor performed well in terms of juice extraction capacity.
Efisiensi Pemasaran Kelapa Dalam (Cocos Mucifera L.) di Daerah Pasang Surut Desa Sungsang II Kecamatan Banyuasin II Kabupaten Banyuasin
Authors: Kurniati Emmy , Kertasari Viaya Dini , Susiana Susiana
Published: March 2022

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujan   untuk  menganalisis 1. Saluran pemasaran kelapa 2. Nilai farmer’share yang di terima masing-masing saluran pemasaran. 3. Besar marjin pemasaran dari masing-masing saluran pemasaran. 4. Tingkat efisiensi pemasaran kelapa. Penelitian ini di laksanakan di Desa Sungsang II Kecamatan Banyuasin II Kabupaten Banyuasin. Pemilihan lokasi di lakukan secara sengaja dengan pertimbangan bahwa desa ini merupakan salah satu sentra produksi kelapa di Kabupaten Banyuasin. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari bulan November 2020 sampai dengan bulan Januari 2021. Metode yang di gunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah survey terhadap petani yang berusaha tani kelapa di Desa Sungsang II. Metode penarikan contoh yang di gunakan survey terhadap 20 orang petani yang tergabung dalam kelompok tani Mekar Mayang Sungsang II, sedangkan penarikan contoh pedagang pengumpul desa sebanyak 8 orang dengan penetapan sampel sebanyak 2 orang dan pedagang pengumpul kecamatan sebanyak 4 orang dengan penetapan sampel 2 orang. Hasil penelitian dan pembahasan disimpulkan sebagai berikut : 1. Sistem saluran pemasaran kelapa dalam terdapat 2 (dua) saluran. 2. Farmer’s share yang diterima masing-masing saluran pemasaran yaitu 46,67 persen untuk saluran I dan 56,00 persen untuk saluran II. 3. Besarnya marjin pemasaran yang diterima adalah pada pedagang pengumpul desa adalah Rp. 300,00 per butir dan pada pedagang pengumpul kecamatan adalah sebesar Rp. 500,00 per butir untuk saluran I, sedangkan pada saluran II margin yang diterima adalah sebesar Rp. 550,00 per butir untuk pedagang besar kapal. 4. Tingkat efisiensi pemasaran kelapa dalam di Desa Sungsang II terdapat pada saluran II.
Smart Irrigation System by Mobile Control Using Soil Moisture Sensors
Authors: Chandrakanth G
Published: March 2022

Agriculture is one of the parts of economy growth of the country. Implementing advanced technology in agriculture several problems may come conclude. And also help to increase agriculture potential. In agriculture, there are some difficulties facing by the farmers. Major difficulties are water scarcity and man power. Our project is going conclude these two problems. For water scarcity, we use sensors to supply limited water. For man power issues, farmers can use Mobile phone to supply water. Sensors will indicate the farmers about dryness and wetness of the field through mobile phone. Then farmer can proceed irrigation through remote communication.
Estudios visuales: expresiones artísticas en el diseño de iluminación
Authors: Zmyslowski Eliana , Prado Gilbertto , Venturelli Suzete
Published: March 2022

Este artículo presenta discusiones sobre las relaciones de los estudios visuales en las expresiones manifestadas entre arte y activismo, y tendrá como elemento orientador de análisis la luz artificial. Específicamente, se propone analizar el papel del diseño de iluminación en las intervenciones exprés en el arte, tomando como objetivo, indagar via los estudios de dos obras de artistas visuales: Marinella Senatore, sur de Italia y Santarosa Barreto de São Paulo, Brasil. En este estudio se permitirá un análisis comparativo de interpretación, en ambas obras expuestas, respectivamente; en la Bienal Internacional de Arte de São Paulo (2021) y en el Museo de Arte de São Paulo (2000), –que, en parte, remiten a características revolucionarias y activistas, en sus prácticas artísticas que reflejan una fuerte dimensión colectiva y participativa de una cultura visión social. Luego, el objetivo principal es utilizar las herramientas metodológicas conceptuales del Diseño, desde la teoría hasta la práctica, para utilizar el Arte como un lenguaje para romper las barreras entre las fronteras de las diferentes culturas. Así, estos estudios serán analizados, demostrados y discutidos por los caminos del Diseño de Iluminación y de qué manera se relacionancon el arte y el activismo. Además, también ofrecen a la sociedad puntos de reflexión para que sea espectadora, generando cambios en las formas de manifestaciones, además de mostrar cómo las arquitecturas efímeras crean narrativas temáticas sociales, políticas y culturales en la contemporaneidad.
Estado de movimiento permanente: La narración espacial
Authors: Montalvo Blanca
Published: March 2022

Este artículo trata de analizar algunas obras que desde diversos soportes se centran en el viaje y su relato. Una serie de tiempos ni lineales ni contiguos, que fueron unificados a través de la narración, desde el bardo de la Grecia clásica al artista contemporáneo. Y al preguntarnos qué de común tienen, observamos cómo todos ellos comparten una ”yuxtaposición de fragmentos que, juntos, forman un nuevo todo, pero entre los cuales, inevitablemente quedan huecos” (Bal 2016, 154). Nos preguntamos si son estos los parámetros de su existencia, la esencia de su narrar. La cultura actual, en tanto que migrante, recupera la prueba de lo humano, de lo múltiple individual, de lo fragmentario, solapado y en permanente movimiento. Una manera de narración espacial que atiende a los desplazamientos a través del tiempo y el espacio. ¿Podríamos llegar a afirmar que la narración es fruto del movimiento, del desplazamiento de uno o varios sujetos? ¿Es la cultura un estado de movimiento permanente? ¿Podría ser este estado de movimiento permanente el origen de la necesidad de contar historias y que otros las escuchen?
Le Corbusier in Paris 1915: between past and future
Authors: Schnoor Christoph
Published: March 2022

En 1910-11, Charles-Édouard Jeanneret escribió el borrador de un manual sobre la percepción visual yestética de la ciudad. “La Construction des villes”, nunca publicado por Le Corbusier, se basaba en sus detalladosestudios de la bibliografía en lengua alemana sobre “Städtebau”. El manuscrito salió a la luz parcialmente en 1977,gracias a las investigaciones de Harold Allen Brooks, y completamente en 1999, gracias a las investigacionesdel presente autor. Sigue siendo una fuente crucial y fascinante para comprender la percepción visual de LeCorbusier y las necesidades estéticas de una ciudad. Cuando en los años veinte, Le Corbusier se esforzaba porser considerado vanguardista a través de sus propuestas urbanísticas radicales y, a veces, polémicas, se basaba,sin embargo, en los conocimientos adquiridos a través de sus propios estudios de los años 1910/11.Este artículo se ocupa del periodo intermedio, el año 1915 en particular: se centra en la visita de Jeanneret a Parísy su intención de reelaborar el manuscrito “La Construction des villes” para su publicación. Durante siete semanas,Jeanneret estudia en la Bibliothèque Nationale y explora París en interminables paseos. Las fuentes primarias, losapuntes y dibujos de la biblioteca de Jeanneret, archivados bajo el epígrafe B2(20) en la FLC, más un cuaderno deviaje de un archivo privado que ha salido recientemente a la luz, permiten comprender un sutil cambio en la visiónde Jeanneret sobre la ciudad, y demuestran su capacidad de aprender del pasado para el futuro.
El legado de Le Corbusier como materia genética de proyecto en la obra de OMA
Authors: Burriel Bielza Luis
Published: March 2022

Para todo crítico de la obra del célebre arquitecto holandés, la influencia de Le Corbusier es un hecho innegable. Una de sus primeras obras construidas, la Villa Dall’Ava, funciona como punta de lanza de un diálogo continuo, por momentos casi sacrílego, con una de las viviendas más emblemáticas del Movimiento Moderno, la Villa Savoye. Sin embargo, aparte de la mera manipulación de los cinco puntos basada en una lógica ligada al surrealismo daliniano, los documentos del archivo de OMA relacionados con este proyecto muestran que las apropiaciones van más allá de una irreverente mutación de los elementos más caricaturales del discurso lecorbusieriano. En este sentido, el trabajo de OMA se desarrolla como una herramienta de análisis crítico del verdadero carácter del movimiento moderno, pero, sobre todo, como la exploración continua de una serie de estrategias y problemáticas compartidas con la obra de Le Corbusier, recontextualizadas en un marco contemporáneo.
Le Corbusier. « UNE maison : UN arbre ». Lotissement Barcelone. 1931. FLC 13264
Authors: Le Corbusier
Published: March 2022

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