bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Traveling Wave Characteristics of a Rotating Functionally Graded Laminated Cylindrical Shell with General Boundary Conditions
Authors: Liu Wenguang , Lyu Zhipeng , Liu Chao , Zhang Yuhang , Pang Lei
Published: May 2023

The traveling wave modes of rotating functionally graded laminated cylindrical shells with general boundary conditions are studied by using different admissible displacement functions. Firstly, the effective temperature-dependent material properties of the functionally graded materials (FGMs) are described by the Voigt model and the Sigmoid-type volume fraction. Subsequently, considering Love’s thin shell theory, the motion equations of the FGMs shell subjected to the Coriolis force, the centrifugal inertial force, the hoop initial tension and the internal thermal force are derived. Thereafter, the displacement functions are expanded by six different sets of admissible displacement functions. The Rayleigh–Ritz method is utilized to derive the eigenvalue equations of the rotating FGMs laminated shells. In the end, the convergence rate and computational efficiency of the six polynomial functions are compared and parameter study is carried out. Results indicate that the Legendre orthogonal polynomials (LOP) are the best ones in terms of convergence rate and computational efficiency for predicting the traveling wave modes. The patterns of [Formula: see text] expressed by Sigmoid law are more sensitive to the modal frequency of the shell than the ceramic volume fraction exponents. The stiffness of the axial springs plays a more significant role in the traveling wave modes than the stiffness of other springs.
A STUDY ON FACE SUPER-RESOLUTION RECONSTRUCTION ALGORITHM BASED ON IMPROVED SRGAN
Authors: KE GANG , PENG YONG , XU JIANJUN , WANG SHI , YANG HUAIDE
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we propose a novel approach to address the challenges of Super-Resolution Generative Adversarial Network (SRGAN) in face image super-resolution reconstruction. We introduce a new improved SRGAN algorithm, named Wasserstein SRGAN (W-SRGAN), which addresses the limitations of the original model by enhancing the loss function, generator, and discriminator. Our approach utilizes the embedded residual structure combined with feature fusion as the new generator, while removing the Sigmoid of the last layer of the discriminator of SRGAN by borrowing the idea of Wasserstein GAN (W-GAN). Additionally, we replace the Kullback–Leibler (KL) divergence of SRGAN with Wasserstein distance. The contributions of our research are twofold. Firstly, we propose a new face super-resolution reconstruction algorithm that outperforms existing methods in terms of visual quality. Secondly, we introduce a new loss function and generator–discriminator architecture that can be applied to other image super-resolution tasks, extending the applicability of GANs in this domain. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed W-SRGAN outperforms Bicubic, Super-Resolution Convolutional Neural Network (SRCNN), and SRGAN in terms of visual quality on all Celeb A datasets. These results confirm the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm and provide a new solution for face super-resolution reconstruction.
BIOMEDICAL CONVERGENCE FACILITATED BY THE EMERGENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL AND INFORMATIC CAPABILITIES
Authors: YANG DONG , PAVLIDIS IOANNIS , PETERSEN ALEXANDER MICHAEL
Published: May 2023

We leverage the knowledge network representation of the Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) ontology to infer conceptual distances between roughly 30,000 distinct MeSH keywords — each being prescribed to particular knowledge domains — in order to quantify the origins of cross-domain biomedical convergence. Analysis of MeSH co-occurrence networks based upon 21.6 million research articles indexed by PubMed identifies three robust knowledge clusters: micro-level biological entities and structures; meso-level representations of systems, and diseases and diagnostics; and emergent macro-level biological and social phenomena. Analysis of cross-cluster dynamics shows how these domains integrated from the 1990s onward via technological and informatic capabilities — captured by MeSH belonging to the “Technology, Industry, and Agriculture” (J) and “Information Science” (L) branches — representing highly controllable, scalable and permutable research processes and invaluable imaging techniques for illuminating fundamental yet transformative structure–function–behavior questions. Our results indicate that 8.2% of biomedical research from 2000 to 2018 include MeSH terms from both the J and L MeSH branches, representing a 291% increase from 1980s levels. Article-level MeSH analysis further identifies the increasing prominence of cross-domain integration, and confirms a positive relationship between team size and topical diversity. Journal-level analysis reveals variable trends in topical diversity, suggesting that demand and appreciation for convergence science vary by scholarly community. Altogether, we develop a knowledge network framework that identifies the critical role of techno-informatic inputs as convergence bridges — or catalyzers of integration across distinct knowledge domains — as highlighted by the 1990s genomics revolution, and onward in contemporary brain, behavior and health science initiatives.
A-Fe2O3 Nanorods for Degradation of Organic Pollutants Methyl Orange and Rhodamine B Dyes
Authors: Abdul Azeez Dakhil Osama , Ahmed Baida M.
Published: May 2023

This work presents an important analysis and comparative study between two organic waste rhodamine B (RhB) and methyl orange (MO) dyes as pollutant models degeneration under sunlight. Hematite ([Formula: see text]-Fe2O3) nanorods were synthesized and deposited on glass substrates using an efficient and simple one-step hydrothermal method. The nanorods were characterized by XRD, FESEM, EDX, and UV–Vis equipment. The photodegeneration parameters of [Formula: see text]-Fe2O3 films were calculated by modeling the photodegradation of MO and RhB dyes as pollutants under sunlight irradiation for 150[Formula: see text]min. Results revealed that the degradation efficiency of [Formula: see text]-Fe2O3 films of MO and RhB dyes was 72.7% and 91.9%, respectively. The optimized photocatalyst degraded RhB more efficiently than the MO solution.
Fabrication and Characterization of Humidity Sensors Based on PEDOT:PSS Doped with Gold and Silver Nanoparticles by Laser Ablation
Authors: Abdullah Muatazbullah Ibrahim , Ahmad Adnan R. , Abdulameer Ameer F.
Published: May 2023

This paper presents a simple, fast, and inexpensive method for the large-scale fabrication of polymer-based humidity sensors on glass substrates. The nanoparticles were synthesized using laser ablation, this is an environmentally friendly method for fabricating metal nanoparticles and provides a unique tool for nanofabrication. In this work, humidity sensing material, poly(3,4 ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) along with different kinds of nanoparticles, Au and Ag, are employed to enhance the stability and sensitivity to humidity sensing. Based on the experimental results, the TEM images show the crystallinity of the nanoparticles, indicating alloying of the nanoparticles. Based on XRD, this result indicates that the amorphous structure of PEDOT:PSS is only slightly affected by mixing with nanoparticles. According to FE-SEM analysis, the formation of interconnected crystallites facilitates the charge transport mechanism in the polymer chains due to improved conduction paths. Has been Characterization of humidity sensors Using (LCR), study the effect of humidity on capacitance at different frequencies (100[Formula: see text]Hz, 1[Formula: see text]kHz, 10[Formula: see text]kHz, and 100[Formula: see text]kHz), and the response and recovery time characteristics. The results show excellent linear and active behavior of the capacitive humidity response. Ag, PEDOT, and Au NPs have a synergistic effect, exhibiting a more extended sensing range and better stability. This work shows a high-sensitivity and low-cost sensing material for different humidity sensor applications.
Fabrication of β-glucosidase–Copper Phosphate Hybrid Nanoflowers for Bioconversion of Geniposide into Gardenia Blue
Authors: Saranik Mahmoud M. , Badawy Mohamed A. , Farahat Mohamed G.
Published: May 2023

Gardenia blue (GB) is a natural pigment widely used in textiles and food industries as an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic dyes owing to its safety, biocompatibility and chemical stability. Herein we demonstrated a recyclable, reusable and efficient catalysis system for the biosynthesis of GB from geniposide using [Formula: see text]-glucosidase embedded in copper phosphate hybrid nanoflowers. In this study, a promising [Formula: see text]-glucosidase-secreting actinomycete was isolated and identified as Streptomyces variabilis BGPA1. The secreted enzyme was successfully immobilized in nanoflowers as evidenced by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. Results revealed the functionality of the prepared nanoflowers for the bioconversion of geniposide into genipin which interacts with glycine yielding the blue pigment. The optimum pH and temperature for the bioconversion were found to be 6.0 and 50∘C, respectively. Interestingly, the prepared [Formula: see text]-glucosidase–copper phosphate hybrid nanoflowers retained up to 94% of their initial activity after 15 cycles of repeated usage, indicating the remarkable recyclability and reusability of the biocatalytic system. This study suggests that [Formula: see text]-glucosidase–copper phosphate hybrid nanoflowers could be used as a potential candidate for the facile eco-friendly production of GB.
Ideals and conjugacy classes in solvable Lie algebras
Authors: Ali Sajid , Azad Hassan , Biswas Indranil , Mahomed Fazal M.
Published: May 2023

A constructive procedure is given to determine all ideals of a finite-dimensional solvable Lie algebra. This is used in determining all conjugacy classes of subalgebras of a given finite-dimensional solvable Lie algebra.
Multiwaves, homoclinic breathers, interaction solutions along with black-grey solitons for propagation in absence of self-phase modulation with higher order dispersions
Authors: Seadawy Aly R. , Rizvi Syed T. R. , Ahmed Sarfaraz
Published: May 2023

This template retrieves M-shaped rational solitons and their interactions with kink waves, homoclinic breathers, multiwave, Grey-black optical solitons, periodic cross-rational solitons and kink cross-rational solitons propagation in optical fibers where self-phase modulation (SPM) is negligibly minor and therefore removed. The proposed equation contains spatio-temporal dispersions (STD), of second and third orders, to recompense for small group velocity dispersion (GVD). All new analytical solutions are found by utilizing the symbolic computation with logarithmic transformation and ansatz functions approach. Moreover, stability characteristics of all solutions are found.
Internet Governance in China: Toward a New Cyber Civilization
Authors: Liu Yajuan
Published: May 2023

The year 2023 marks the 30th anniversary of its access to the Internet. This paper provides a comprehensive review of China’s domestic network governance, with a focus on the ethical meaning of civilization in the Chinese context. It aims to explore how regulating Internet cultural phenomena and building a civilized Internet have become distinctive features of China’s Internet civilization construction. It uses a qualitative research design to analyze China’s Internet development over the past three decades, from coping with technological shocks to autonomously constructing a civilized regulatory system and making China’s Internet civilization propositions. The findings reveal the reasons for forming the current network governance pattern, highlighting Beijing’s unique approach to Internet governance. The study explores the intersection between China’s traditional cultural values and its modern Internet development, providing insights into Beijing’s Internet regulatory efforts and their impact on the global Internet community and making a number of recommendations. Additionally, the practical implications of this study are discussed, along with suggestions for future research directions in the field of Internet civilization construction.
Cretaceous–Paleogene tectonic reconstructions of the South Scotia Ridge and implications for the initiation of subduction in the Scotia Sea
Authors: Riley Teal R. , Burton-Johnson Alex , Hogan Kelly A. , Carter Andrew , Leat Philip T.
Published: May 2023

The Cenozoic development of the Scotia Sea and the opening of Drake Passage led to the dispersal of crustal blocks of the North and South Scotia ridges, which today have a strong influence on the pathway of the Antarctic circumpolar current. The pre-translation positions of the crustal fragments of the Scotia ridges are uncertain, with correlations to both the Antarctic and South American plates. We present direct geochronology results (
40
Ar/
39
Ar) from the Bruce and Jane banks of the South Scotia Ridge that yield Late Cretaceous–Paleogene ages, indicating a pre-translation magmatic history. The basaltic magmatism from Bruce Bank is calc-alkaline, akin to the Cenozoic magmatism of the South Orkney microcontinent and the South Shetland Islands, and agrees with pre-translation tectonic models that place the crustal blocks of the South Scotia Ridge adjacent to the northern Antarctic Peninsula arc. The intra-oceanic arc magmatism at Jane Bank is Late Cretaceous in age (97.2 ± 1.1 Ma) and is therefore inconsistent with models suggesting a Miocene origin as part of the ancestral South Sandwich arc. The development of westwards-directed subduction adjacent to Jane Bank is predicted in some tectonic models as a consequence of Late Cretaceous plate dynamics that developed prior to the Oligocene–Miocene ancestral arc.

Supplementary material:
Full
40
Ar/
39
Ar datasets and GPlates reconstruction files are available at
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.6639909
Catalytic Branching Programs from Groups and General Protocols
Authors: Côté Hugo , McKenzie Pierre
Published: May 2023

CCCatalytic branching programs (catalytic bps) compute the same
n
-bit Boolean function
f
at multiple entry points that need to be remembered at the exit nodes of the branching program (bp). When a doubly exponential number of entry points is allowed, linear amortized catalytic bp size is known to be achievable for any
f
. Here a method is introduced that produces a catalytic bp out of a reversible bp and a deterministic dag-like communication protocol. In a multiplicity range as low as linear,
approximating
a threshold is shown possible at linear amortized cost. In the same low range,
computing
Maj
and
Mod
are shown possible at a cost that beats the brute force repetition of the best known bp for these functions by a polylog factor. In the exponential range, the method yields
O
(
n
log
n
) amortized cost for any symmetric function.
Simulation-based Optimization of User Interfaces for Quality-assuring Machine Learning Model Predictions
Authors: Zhang Yu , Tennekes Martijn , De Jong Tim , Curier Lyana , Coecke Bob , Chen Min
Published: May 2023

Quality-sensitive applications of machine learning (ML) require quality assurance (QA) by humans before the predictions of an ML model can be deployed. QA for ML (QA4ML) interfaces require users to view a large amount of data and perform many interactions to correct errors made by the ML model. An optimized user interface (UI) can significantly reduce interaction costs. While UI optimization can be informed by user studies evaluating design options, this approach is not scalable, because there are typically numerous small variations that can affect the efficiency of a QA4ML interface. Hence, we propose using simulation to evaluate and aid the optimization of QA4ML interfaces. In particular, we focus on simulating the combined effects of human intelligence in initiating appropriate interaction commands and machine intelligence in providing algorithmic assistance for accelerating QA4ML processes. As QA4ML is usually labor-intensive, we use the simulated task completion time as the metric for UI optimization under different interface and algorithm setups. We demonstrate the usage of this UI design method in several QA4ML applications.
Bit-Vector Typestate Analysis
Authors: Arslanagić Alen , Subotić Pavle , Pérez Jorge A.
Published: May 2023

Static analyses based on
typestates
are important in certifying correctness of code contracts. Such analyses rely on Deterministic Finite Automata (DFAs) to specify properties of an object. We target the analysis of contracts in low-latency environments, where many useful contracts are impractical to codify as DFAs and/or the size of their associated DFAs leads to sub-par performance. To address this bottleneck, we present a
lightweight
compositional typestate analyzer, based on an expressive specification language that can succinctly specify code contracts. By implementing it in the static analyzer
Infer
, we demonstrate considerable performance and usability benefits when compared to existing techniques. A central insight is to rely on a sub-class of DFAs whose analysis uses efficient bit-vector operations.
A Systematic Study on Reproducibility of Reinforcement Learning in Recommendation Systems
Authors: Cavenaghi Emanuele , Sottocornola Gabriele , Stella Fabio , Zanker Markus
Published: May 2023

Reproducibility is a main principle in science and fundamental to ensure scientific progress. However, many recent works point out that there are widespread deficiencies for this aspect in the AI field, making the reproducibility of results impractical or even impossible. We therefore studied the state of reproducibility support on the topic of Reinforcement Learning & Recommender Systems to analyse the situation in this context. We collected a total of 60 papers and analysed them by defining a set of variables to inspect the most important aspects that enable reproducibility, such as dataset, pre-processing code, hardware specifications, software dependencies, algorithm implementation, algorithm hyperparameters, and experiment code. Furthermore, we used the ACM Badges definitions assigning them to the selected papers. We discovered that, like in many other AI domains, the Reinforcement Learning & Recommender Systems field is grappling with a reproducibility crisis, as none of the selected papers were reproducible when strictly applying the ACM Badges definitions according to our analysis.
Food Fraud: Causes, Consequences, and Deterrence Strategies
Authors: Giannakas Konstantinos , Yiannaka Amalia
Published: May 2023

Food fraud represents a serious threat to the integrity of the global agri-food marketing system and has received considerable attention by policy makers, academics, and the public at large. This review presents the conditions that enable fraudulent activity in agri-food supply chains (such as asymmetric information, imperfect certification processes, supply chain complexity, and weak monitoring and enforcement systems) and discusses recent efforts to document and deter food fraud and the growing theoretical and empirical literature on the economics of food fraud. The article concludes by identifying some gaps in the literature and provides suggestions for future research.
Slow Magic: Agricultural Versus Industrial R&D Lag Models
Authors: Alston Julian M. , Pardey Philip G. , Serfas Devin , Wang Shanchao
Published: May 2023

R&D is slow magic. It takes many years before research investments begin to affect productivity, but then they can affect productivity for a long time. Many economists get this wrong. Here, we revisit the conceptual foundations for R&D lag models used to represent the temporal links between research investments and impact, review prevalent practice, and document and discuss a range of evidence on R&D lags in agriculture and other industries. Our theory and evidence consistently support the use of longer lags with a different overall lag profile than is typically imposed in studies of industrial R&D and government compilations of R&D knowledge stocks. Many studies systematically fail to recognize the many years of investment and effort typically required to create a new technology and bring it to market and the subsequent years as the technology is diffused and adopted. Consequential distortions in the measures and economic understanding are implied.
Electrochemical/Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting on Self-Limiting Electrodeposited Iron-Group Mutual Alloys
Authors: Xu Yin , Lin Qiyuan , Sun Yunkai , Ahmed Rasin , Innocenti Massimo , Zangari Giovanni
Published: May 2023

Scalable energy conversion/storage by water splitting is significantly hindered by the slow kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Implementation of electrochemical catalysts with low cost and high turn-over efficiency, or application of a photoanode in photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell using a semiconductor with proper protection layer are two possible solutions. Herein, two binary Iron-group alloy films (Ni-Co and Ni-Fe) and one ternary Iron-group alloy film (Ni-Co-Fe) under self-limiting deposition condition are investigated and continuous ultrathin films with various composition are generated. The self-limiting deposition, corroborated by XPS depth profile, is caused by the precipitation of hydroxide/oxyhydroxide species under high local pH, enabled by the privation of pH buffer species. Each binary and ternary Iron-group mutual alloy films exhibits improved water oxidation kinetics compared to pure i or Co film. In particular, an overpotential of 0.314 V at 10 mA cm−2 and a Tafel slope of 34.7 mV dec−1 are obtained on the Ni-Fe-Co film. The Iron-group mutual alloy deposited GaAs is further investigated for photoelectrochemical water oxidation. The stability towards photocorrosion under the light in an aqueous solution containing K3Fe(CN)6/K4Fe(CN)6 is significantly improved by electrodepositing the mutual alloy films while the optimum stability property is found on the ternary alloy film.
Respirometric in Situ Methods for Real-Time Monitoring of Corrosion Rates: Part III. Deconvolution of Electrochemical Polarization Curves
Authors: Strebl M. G. , Bruns M. P. , Virtanen S.
Published: May 2023

A highly sensitive respirometric method is presented that allows real-time monitoring of reaction rates involving H2 and O2 during electrochemical polarization. The measurement approach is based on simultaneous monitoring of the changes in the total pressure and the O2 partial pressure inside a closed chamber. Hence, it is possible to quantify the rates resulting from reactions such as HER, ORR and OER as a function of the applied potential. As a result, deconvolution of the net electric current into cathodic and anodic partial reaction rates during electrochemical polarization can be obtained. It was demonstrated that the respirometric monitoring approach can reveal superfluous cathodic reactions from Al during cathodic polarization as well as during anodic polarization of Al and Mg AZ31. Thus, the true metal oxidation rate could be determined from the electric current and the cathodic reaction rates. Furthermore, the rate of the HER during cathodic electrodeposition of Zn was measured. Through respirometric monitoring of Ni and stainless steel at high anodic potentials, the rate of O2 evolution could be distinguished from electrode oxidation processes.
A Wearable Micro-Electromechanical System Inertial Sensor System for Fall Behaviour Detection Based on a Multi-Level Threshold Algorithm
Authors: Xu Zhangliang , Luo Yang
Published: May 2023

Falling is an important health issue that occurs in elderly people, which becomes a major problem that needs to be addressed urgently. To address this problem, a wearable fall detection system based on a Micro-Electromechanical System (MEMS) inertial sensor is proposed. The identification of four falling behaviours (Forward, Backward, Left, and Right Falls (FF, BF, LF, and RF)) and six normal behaviours (walking, running, hopping, up-and-down (U/D), stooping, and sitting) was successfully performed using this detection system. Quaternion complementary filtering attitude analysis and multi-level threshold algorithm are applied to determine the thresholds of the combined acceleration, angular velocity, and attitude angle of the fall behaviours, which are 4.8 g, 180 deg s−1, and 100 deg, respectively. The proposed system can effectively distinguish falling behaviour from normal behaviour and give early warning before falling. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for predicting the falling are calculated to be 91.0%, 93.3%, and 92.3%, respectively.
Research on Microscopic Pore Structure Characteristics and Producibility of the Chang 9 Reservoir in the Wucangpu Block
Authors: Shi Bin , Chen Fangping , Dang Hailong , Jia Zili , Hou Binchi , Shi Lihua , Kang Shengsong , Wang Tao
Published: May 2023

The pore structure can affect the storage and flow properties of rock, which is an important research content in the study of unconventional tight reservoirs. This research hopes to clarify the reservoir characteristics and fluid seepage mechanism of the Chang 9 reservoir in the Wucangpu block and provide technical support for the development of horizontal wells with staged fracturing in this block. In this paper, the microscopic pore structure characteristics and producibility of the reservoir in the study area are analyzed in detail by means of constant-rate mercury intrusion and nuclear magnetic resonance. The research results show that the reservoir with permeability less than 0.076 mD is mainly composed of microthroat, the reservoir with permeability of 0.208-0.633 mD has a larger proportion of microthin throat, and the reservoir with permeability of 2.722-3.998 mD has a larger proportion of fine-middle throats. The results show that the oil/gas in the rock sample reservoirs with permeability greater than 1.0 mD is easy to produce.
Dihydromyricetin Inhibits M1 Macrophage Polarization in Atherosclerosis by Modulating miR-9-Mediated SIRT1/NF-κB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Yang Zhousheng , Li Tianyu , Wang Chunyan , Meng Mingyu , Tan Shenglan , Chen Lei
Published: May 2023

Dihydromyricetin (DMY), a natural flavonoid compound extracted from the stems and leaves of Ampelopsis grossedentata, has been found as a potential therapeutic chemical for treating atherosclerosis. This study explores the underlying mechanism of DMY repressing M1 macrophage polarization in atherosclerosis. We showed that DMY treatment markedly decreased M1 macrophage markers (e.g., Tnf-α and IL-1β) and p65-positive macrophage numbers in the vessel wall of Apoe-deficient (Apoe–/–) mice. Overexpression of miR-9 or knockdown of SIRT1 in macrophages reversed the effect of DMY on M1 macrophage polarization. The data we presented in the study indicate that the miR-9-mediated SIRT1/NF-κB pathway plays a pivotal role in M1 macrophage polarization and is one of the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-atherosclerosis effects of DMY. We provide new solid evidence that DMY may be explored as a potential therapeutic adjuvant for treating atherosclerosis.
LINC00659 Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma Malignant Progression by Blocking Aerobic Glycolysis through FUS Recruitment and SLC10A1 Modulation
Authors: Chen Bin , Xu Xin , Wu Wei , Zheng Ke , Yu Yijun
Published: May 2023

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant type of liver cancer that poses severe threat to human health worldwide. Aerobic glycolysis is a hallmark of HCC and facilitates its progression. Solute carrier family 10 member 1 (SLC10A1) and long intergenic non‐protein coding RNA 659 (LINC00659) were detected to be downregulated in HCC cells, yet their potential functions underlying HCC progression remained unidentified. In the current work, colony formation and transwell assays were used to detect HCC cells (HepG2 and HuH‐7) proliferation and migration in vitro study. The quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and western blot assays were used for gene/protein expression determination. Seahorse assay was performed for aerobic glycolysis assessment. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and RNA pull‐down assays were conducted for detection of the molecular interaction between LINC00659 and SLC10A1. The results showed that overexpressed SLC10A1 significantly suppressed the proliferation, migration, and aerobic glycolysis in HCC cells. Mechanical experiments further demonstrated that LINC00659 positively regulated SLC10A1 expression in HCC cells by recruiting fused protein in sarcoma (FUS). Our work elucidated that LINC00659 inhibited HCC progression and aerobic glycolysis via the FUS/SLC10A1 axis, revealing a novel lncRNA–RNA‐binding protein–mRNA network in HCC, which might provide potential therapeutic targets for HCC.
Data from ONC201 in Combination with Paxalisib for the Treatment of H3K27-Altered Diffuse Midline Glioma
Authors: Jackson Evangeline R. , Duchatel Ryan J. , Staudt Dilana E. , Persson Mika L. , Mannan Abdul , Yadavilli Sridevi , Parackal Sarah , Game Shaye , Chong Wai Chin , Jayasekara W. Samantha N. , Grand Marion Le , Kearney Padraic S. , Douglas Alicia M. , Findlay Izac J. , Germon Zacary P. , McEwen Holly P. , Beitaki Tyrone S. , Patabendige Adjanie , Skerrett-Byrne David A. , Nixon Brett , Smith Nathan D. , Day Bryan , Manoharan Neevika , Nagabushan Sumanth , Hansford Jordan R. , Govender Dinisha , McCowage Geoff B. , Firestein Ron , Howlett Meegan , Endersby Raelene , Gottardo Nicholas G. , Alvaro Frank , Waszak Sebastian M. , Larsen Martin R. , Colino-Sanguino Yolanda , Valdes-Mora Fatima , Rakotomalala Andria , Meignan Samuel , Pasquier Eddy , André Nicolas , Hulleman Esther , Eisenstat David D. , Vitanza Nicholas A. , Nazarian Javad , Koschmann Carl , Mueller Sabine , Cain Jason E. , Dun Matthew D.
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Diffuse midline gliomas (DMG), including diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG), are the most lethal of childhood cancers. Palliative radiotherapy is the only established treatment, with median patient survival of 9 to 11 months. ONC201 is a DRD2 antagonist and ClpP agonist that has shown preclinical and emerging clinical efficacy in DMG. However, further work is needed to identify the mechanisms of response of DIPGs to ONC201 treatment and to determine whether recurring genomic features influence response. Using a systems-biological approach, we showed that ONC201 elicits potent agonism of the mitochondrial protease ClpP to drive proteolysis of electron transport chain and tricarboxylic acid cycle proteins. DIPGs harboring PIK3CA mutations showed increased sensitivity to ONC201, whereas those harboring TP53 mutations were more resistant. Metabolic adaptation and reduced sensitivity to ONC201 was promoted by redox-activated PI3K/Akt signaling, which could be counteracted using the brain penetrant PI3K/Akt inhibitor, paxalisib. Together, these discoveries coupled with the powerful anti-DIPG/DMG pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of ONC201 and paxalisib have provided the rationale for the ongoing DIPG/DMG phase II combination clinical trial NCT05009992.
Significance:
PI3K/Akt signaling promotes metabolic adaptation to ONC201-mediated disruption of mitochondrial energy homeostasis in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma, highlighting the utility of a combination treatment strategy using ONC201 and the PI3K/Akt inhibitor paxalisib.
Data from Sugar- and Artificially-Sweetened Beverages and Cancer Mortality in a Large U.S. Prospective Cohort
Authors: McCullough Marjorie L. , Hodge Rebecca A. , Campbell Peter T. , Guinter Mark A. , Patel Alpa V.
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground:
Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption may be associated with cancer mortality independent of, or indirectly through, established influences on increased body adiposity.
Methods:
We examined the associations of SSBs and artificially-sweetened beverages (ASB) with mortality from all-cancers combined, obesity-related cancers combined, and 20 cancer types, among men and women in the Cancer Prevention Study-II (CPS-II) prospective cohort. In 1982, 934,777 cancer-free participants provided information on usual SSB and ASB consumption. Deaths were identified through 2016. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models examined associations of beverage types with cancer mortality, without and with BMI adjustment.
Results:
During follow-up, 135,093 CPS-II participants died from cancer. Consumption of ≥2 SSB drinks/day vs. never was not associated with all-cancer mortality, but was associated with increased risk of obesity-related cancers [HR, 1.05; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 1.01–1.08; Ptrend = 0.057], which became null after adjustment for BMI. SSBs were associated with increased mortality from colorectal (HR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.02–1.17; Ptrend = 0.011), and kidney (HR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.03–1.34; Ptrend = 0.056) cancers, which remained after BMI adjustment. A positive association of ASB consumption with obesity-related cancers (HR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.01–1.08; Ptrend = 0.001) was null after controlling for BMI; however, an increased risk of pancreatic cancer was robust to BMI adjustment (HR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.02–1.20; Ptrend < 0.008).
Conclusions:
SSB consumption was associated with higher mortality from certain cancers, partially mediated through obesity. Associations of ASB consumption and increased pancreatic cancer risk merit further study.
Impact:
Future research should consider the role of BMI in studies of sweetened beverages and cancer risk. These results should inform policy regarding sweetened beverage consumption.
Data from Recent Mortality Patterns and Time Trends for the Major Cancers in 47 Countries Worldwide
Authors: Sedeta Ephrem , Sung Hyuna , Laversanne Mathieu , Bray Freddie , Jemal Ahmedin
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground:
Most prior studies have reported cancer mortality trends across countries for specific cancer types. Herein, we examine recent patterns and trends in cancer mortality rates for the eight common forms of cancer in 47 countries across five continents (except Africa) based on the World Health Organization mortality database.
Methods:
Rates were age-standardized to the 1966 Segi-Doll world population, and trends in the age-standardized rates for the most recent 10 years of data were examined using Joinpoint regression.
Results:
Cancer-specific mortality rates vary substantially across countries, with rates of infection-related (cervix and stomach) and tobacco-related cancers (lung and esophagus) varying by 10-fold. Recent mortality rates for all major cancers decreased in most of the studied countries except lung cancer in females and liver cancer in males, where increasing rates were observed in most countries. Rates decreased or stabilized in all countries for lung cancer in men and stomach cancer in both sexes.
Conclusions:
The findings reinforce the importance of implementing and strengthening resource-stratified and targeted cancer prevention and control programs in all parts of the world to further reduce or halt the rising cancer burden.
Impact:
The results may inform cancer prevention and treatment strategies and in so doing, reduce the marked global cancer disparities observed today.
Supplementary Table 6 from Clinicopathologic, Genomic, and Immunophenotypic Landscape of ATM Mutations in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Ricciuti Biagio , Elkrief Arielle , Alessi Joao , Wang Xinan , Li Yvonne , Gupta Hersh , Muldoon Daniel M. , Bertram Arrien A. , Pecci Federica , Lamberti Giuseppe , Di Federico Alessandro , Barrichello Adriana , Vaz Victor R. , Gandhi Malini , Lee Elinton , Shapiro Geoffrey I. , Park Hyesun , Nishino Mizuki , Lindsay James , Felt Kristen D. , Sharma Bijaya , Cherniack Andrew D. , Rodig Scott , Gomez Daniel R. , Shaverdian Narek , Rakaee Mehrdad , Bandlamudi Chaitanya , Ladanyi Marc , Janne Pasi A. , Schoenfeld Adam J. , Sholl Lynette M. , Awad Mark M. , Cheng Michael L.
Published: May 2023

Supplementary Table 6. Baseline clinicopathologic features of patients with ATM mutated NSCLC according ATM protein expression by immunohistochemistry.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Clinicopathologic, Genomic, and Immunophenotypic Landscape of ATM Mutations in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Ricciuti Biagio , Elkrief Arielle , Alessi Joao , Wang Xinan , Li Yvonne , Gupta Hersh , Muldoon Daniel M. , Bertram Arrien A. , Pecci Federica , Lamberti Giuseppe , Di Federico Alessandro , Barrichello Adriana , Vaz Victor R. , Gandhi Malini , Lee Elinton , Shapiro Geoffrey I. , Park Hyesun , Nishino Mizuki , Lindsay James , Felt Kristen D. , Sharma Bijaya , Cherniack Andrew D. , Rodig Scott , Gomez Daniel R. , Shaverdian Narek , Rakaee Mehrdad , Bandlamudi Chaitanya , Ladanyi Marc , Janne Pasi A. , Schoenfeld Adam J. , Sholl Lynette M. , Awad Mark M. , Cheng Michael L.
Published: May 2023

Supplementary Figure 3. Co-mutation plot showing co-occurrent and mutual exclusive mutations among (A) ATMMUT and (B) ATMWT NSCLCs.
Supplementary Figure 16 from Clinicopathologic, Genomic, and Immunophenotypic Landscape of ATM Mutations in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Ricciuti Biagio , Elkrief Arielle , Alessi Joao , Wang Xinan , Li Yvonne , Gupta Hersh , Muldoon Daniel M. , Bertram Arrien A. , Pecci Federica , Lamberti Giuseppe , Di Federico Alessandro , Barrichello Adriana , Vaz Victor R. , Gandhi Malini , Lee Elinton , Shapiro Geoffrey I. , Park Hyesun , Nishino Mizuki , Lindsay James , Felt Kristen D. , Sharma Bijaya , Cherniack Andrew D. , Rodig Scott , Gomez Daniel R. , Shaverdian Narek , Rakaee Mehrdad , Bandlamudi Chaitanya , Ladanyi Marc , Janne Pasi A. , Schoenfeld Adam J. , Sholl Lynette M. , Awad Mark M. , Cheng Michael L.
Published: May 2023

Supplementary Figure 16. (A) Objective response rate, (B) progression-free survival, and (C) overall survival to PD-(L)1 inhibition monotherapy among patients with advanced/metastatic NSCLC, according to ATM/TP53 co-mutation status. (D) Objective response rate, (E) progression-free survival, and (F) overall survival to PD-(L)1 inhibition in combination with chemotherapy among patients with advanced NSCLC, according to ATM/TP53 co-mutation status.
Data from Cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase, POR, associated with severe paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy in patients of European ancestry from ECOG-ACRIN E5103
Authors: Shen Fei , Jiang Guanglong , Philips Santosh , Gardner Laura , Xue Gloria , Cantor Erica , Ly Reynold C. , Osei Wilberforce , Wu Xi , Dang Chau , Northfelt Donald , Skaar Todd , Miller Kathy D. , Sledge George W. , Schneider Bryan P.
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Paclitaxel is a widely used anti-cancer therapeutic. Peripheral neuropathy is the dose-limiting toxicity and negatively impacts quality of life. Rare germline gene markers were evaluated for predicting severe taxane induced peripheral neuropathy (TIPN) in the patients of European ancestry. In addition, the impact of Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C8, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5 metabolizer status on likelihood of severe TIPN was also assessed. Experimental design: Whole exome sequencing (WES) analyses were performed in 340 patients of European ancestry who received a standard dose and schedule of paclitaxel in the adjuvant, randomized phase III breast cancer trial, E5103. Patients who experienced grade 3-4 (n=168) TIPN were compared to controls (n=172) who did not experience TIPN. For the analyses, rare variants with a minor allele frequency ≤3% and predicted to be deleterious by protein prediction programs were retained. A gene-based, case-control analysis using SKAT was performed to identify genes that harbored an imbalance of deleterious variants associated with increased risk of severe TIPN. CYP star alleles for CYP2C8, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5 were called. An additive logistic regression model was performed to test the association of CYP2C8, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5 metabolizer status with severe TIPN. Results: Cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase, POR, was significantly associated with severe TIPN (p-value=1.8 ×10-6). Six variants were predicted to be deleterious in POR. There were no associations between CYP2C8, CYP3A4 or CYP3A5 metabolizer status with severe TIPN. Conclusions: Rare variants in POR, predict an increased risk of severe TIPN in patients of European ancestry who receive paclitaxel.
Data from Clinicopathologic, Genomic, and Immunophenotypic Landscape of ATM Mutations in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Ricciuti Biagio , Elkrief Arielle , Alessi Joao , Wang Xinan , Li Yvonne , Gupta Hersh , Muldoon Daniel M. , Bertram Arrien A. , Pecci Federica , Lamberti Giuseppe , Di Federico Alessandro , Barrichello Adriana , Vaz Victor R. , Gandhi Malini , Lee Elinton , Shapiro Geoffrey I. , Park Hyesun , Nishino Mizuki , Lindsay James , Felt Kristen D. , Sharma Bijaya , Cherniack Andrew D. , Rodig Scott , Gomez Daniel R. , Shaverdian Narek , Rakaee Mehrdad , Bandlamudi Chaitanya , Ladanyi Marc , Janne Pasi A. , Schoenfeld Adam J. , Sholl Lynette M. , Awad Mark M. , Cheng Michael L.
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurpose:
ATM is the most commonly mutated DNA damage and repair gene in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, limited characterization has been pursued.
Experimental Design:
Clinicopathologic, genomic, and treatment data were collected for 5,172 patients with NSCLC tumors which underwent genomic profiling. ATM IHC was performed on 182 NSCLCs with ATM mutations. Multiplexed immunofluorescence was performed on a subset of 535 samples to examine tumor-infiltrating immune cell subsets.
Results:
A total of 562 deleterious ATM mutations were identified in 9.7% of NSCLC samples. ATM-mutant (ATMMUT) NSCLC was significantly associated with female sex (P = 0.02), ever smoking status (P < 0.001), non-squamous histology (P = 0.004), and higher tumor mutational burden (DFCI, P < 0.0001; MSK, P < 0.0001) compared with ATM–wild-type (ATMWT) cases. Among 3,687 NSCLCs with comprehensive genomic profiling, co-occurring KRAS, STK11, and ARID2 oncogenic mutations were significantly enriched among ATMMUT NSCLCs (Q < 0.05), while TP53 and EGFR mutations were enriched in ATMWT NSCLCs. Among 182 ATMMUT samples with ATM IHC, tumors with nonsense, insertions/deletions, or splice site mutations were significantly more likely to display ATM loss by IHC (71.4% vs. 28.6%; P < 0.0001) compared with tumors with only predicted pathogenic missense mutations. Clinical outcomes to PD-(L)1 monotherapy (N = 1,522) and chemo-immunotherapy (N = 951) were similar between ATMMUT and ATMWT NSCLCs. Patients with concurrent ATM/TP53 mutations had significantly improved response rate and progression-free survival with PD-(L)1 monotherapy.
Conclusions:
Deleterious ATM mutations defined a subset of NSCLC with unique clinicopathologic, genomic, and immunophenotypic features. Our data may serve as resource to guide interpretation of specific ATM mutations in NSCLC.
An improvised coral reef optimization-based image registration using modified mutual information method
Authors: Samantaray Minu , Panigrahi Millee , Chandra Patra Krishna
Published: May 2023

Computer visualisation and medical applications require image registration. It includes transforming collective picture data into the familiar coordinate scheme. Metaheuristic-based methods were developed to explain the issue and improve the efficiency and accuracy of conventional image registration techniques due to their limitations. We describe a hybrid medical image registration technique using bio-inspired meta-heuristic algorithms: Betteroffspring and multi-crossover strategies increase convergent time and solution quality with an improvised coral reef optimization with modified mutual information (ICOR-MMI) algorithm. This new optimization method (ICORMMI) proposes that coral reefs expand, compete for space, and reproduce. A linear weighted sum of image intensity and contour flow model intensity is added to the mutual information calculation. Including statistical and spatial image data improves image registration. The established technique has been tested and verified using multiple medical image data sets, some of which contain single-modality and mixed-modality images (CT, MRI). The registration validates the proposed model's accuracy and efficiency and shows posture's contribution by incorporating statistical and geographical image data. This strategy is adapted to the real-coding problem and tested for realtime issues. The ICOR-MMI algorithm-based hybrid approach outperforms current results in time efficiency and toughness.
Optimization and control algorithm for calculating separating membranes pore shapes
Authors: Umarova Zhanat , Kurakbayeva Sevara D. , Kalbayeva Aizhan T. , Kozhabekova Pernekul A. , Iztayev Zhalgasbek D. , Suieuova Nabat
Published: May 2023

This work was aimed at researching and developing a computer model, as well as an optimization and control algorithm for calculating pore shapes for separating membranes in separation processes. Two types of flow fluid rates through separation membranes with various pores configurations were considered. Here, the first type of pores had the form of a tortuous channel with sharp narrowing endings, which, in turn, could be assumed as “zero” wall thickness holes. The second type of pores had conical narrowing at the ends, which is closer to the real shape of the pores. As a result of the analysis of the performed calculations and models, data were obtained on the effect of the thickness of the selective layer on the performance of the membrane. In computer calculations, it was determined that the optimal volumetric porosity should be limited to 0.15, which affects the mechanical strength of the membrane. Calculations were also carried out on the Chemcad software product, which resulted in graphs of the optimal permeability of various liquids, depending on the differ curvature and pore volume of the separation membranes.
An improvement of the computational effective diameter measurement in thoracic computed tomography examinations
Authors: Anam Choirul , Amilia Riska , S. Budi Wahyu , Sutanto Heri , Muhlisin Zaenul , Naufal Ariij , Dougherty Geoff
Published: May 2023

A method to calculate a corrected effective diameter (DMIL) to more accurately estimate the dose received by a patient in chest computed tomography (CT) examination had been previously proposed. However, the discrepancy between DMIL and water-equivalent diameter (Dw) is still relatively high (i.e. about 6%). Furthermore, the method is still performed manually, so it is laborious and time-consuming. This study aims to improve the corrected effective diameter with bone correction (Deffcorr) and to automatically calculate it. The automated Deffcorr was calculated as the square root of the product of these corrected AP and LAT diameters. The approach was implemented on 30 patients who had undergone chest CT examination with the standard protocol. The results show that the correlation between the Deffcorr and Dw is R2=0.93 with no statistical difference (p>0.05). The automated Deffcorr is 3.1% lower than Dw. While the DMIL is 10.5% higher than Dw and both are statistically different (p<0.05). In conclusion, the new Deffcorr was introduced and the result obtained was closer to Dw than DMIL. This method is simple enough to be used as an alternative method to accurately estimate Dw for radiation dose estimation in clinical chest CT scanning.