bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ultrasonic-Assisted Tungsten Inert Gas Welding of Inconel 625 Joints to Reduce Hot Cracking and Improve Microhardness: Optimization and Prediction Methods
Authors: Annamalai Dhilip , Nampoothiri Jayakrishnan
Published: April 2024

This research article investigated the optimized process parameters for decreasing the hot cracking phenomenon and improving the microhardness of ultrasonic vibratory-assisted tungsten inert gas (U-TIG) welding of Inconel 625 alloy. The study employed two approaches: response surface methodology (RSM) and RSM coupled with a genetic algorithm (RSM-GA). The objective was to analyze the impact of welding process parameters, including welding current, gas flow rate, presence or absence of ultrasonic vibration, and filler material, on the crack length and microhardness of the welded joints. Experimental tests were conducted using RSM with a full factorial central composite design matrix, enabling comprehensive parameter space exploration. Parametric mathematical models were developed based on the obtained experimental data. These models were then utilized as fitness functions within the GA to determine the global optimal solution, aiming to minimize crack length and maximize microhardness. Additionally, artificial neural network (ANN) models were developed to predict the responses and optimize the welding process. The comparison between the experimental and predicted data demonstrated the reliability of the ANN model in accurately estimating the crack length and microhardness of U-TIG welded Inconel 625 alloy joints. The developed models achieved a prediction accuracy of less than 5 % error.
Utility of solid area diameter in management of cystic papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Suzuki Ayana , Hirokawa Mitsuyoshi , Otsuka Izumi , Miya Akihiro , Miyauchi Akira , Akamizu Takashi
Published: April 2024

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with marked cystic formation (CPTC) is not a subtype of PTC, and its clinical characteristics have not been fully investigated. This study aimed to clarify the clinical and pathological characteristics of CPTC and propose important indicators for its clinical management. Thirty-three CPTC nodules with cystic areas occupying >50% of their volume were examined. Two matched controls (MCs) were prepared, one with tumor diameter matched for whole tumor diameter (WTD) of CPTCs and the other with tumor diameter matched for solid area diameter (SAD) of CPTCs. The mean age of patients with CPTC was 55.2 years significantly older than that in SAD-MCs. Of the CPTCs, 69.7% were classified as highly suspicious by ultrasonography, and the prevalence was lower than that in WTD-MCs (88.9%) and SAD-MCs (91.5%). Total thyroidectomy was performed in 69.7% of CPTC cases, which was significantly less frequent than that in WDT-MCs (91.7%) and similar to that in SAD-MCs (76.1%). Histologically, CPTCs exhibited two characteristic findings: invasion from the solid area into the surrounding normal thyroid tissue and granulation tissue around the cystic wall. The frequencies of the cases with pathological lateral node metastasis, extrathyroidal extension, and Ki-67 labeling index ≥5% in CPTCs were significantly lower than those in WTD-MCs and relatively similar to those in SAD-MCs. In the surgical strategy and prognosis of CPTC, the evaluation of tumor size should be based on SAD rather than on WTD. We advocate measuring not only WTD but also SAD in CPTC.
Mönckeberg sclerosis in patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma
Authors: Venetsanaki Vasiliki , Zisimopoulou Eleana , Zouli Chrysanthi , Boudina Maria , Gkiouras Konstantinos , Xirou Persefoni , Fotiadou Aimilia , Stamati Mariana , Argyropoulou Elpiniki , Chrisoulidou Alexandra
Published: April 2024

Background

Mönckeberg sclerosis is a form of calcification of the tunica media of small and medium size arteries. It occurs more often in the peripheral arteries of the lower limbs and it has been associated with diabetes and renal disease. Although there are a few reports of Mönckeberg sclerosis in thyroid vessels, there are no data regarding its significance in thyroid disease.

Objective

The aim was to investigate the possible prognostic value of Mönckeberg sclerosis in thyroid vessels of patients with diagnosed thyroid cancer.

Methods

We retrospectively studied patients with papillary thyroid cancer treated at the Theagenio Hospital of Thessaloniki from 2005 to 2021. The patients were divided into two groups based on the presence, or absence, of histopathological findings of Mönckeberg sclerosis in the thyroid vessels along with papillary thyroid cancer. Patient characteristics, histopathological details, personal history of thyroid disease, and metabolic parameters were compared between the two groups.

Results

Thirty-three patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma and Mönckeberg sclerosis were identified and matched to 33 controls with papillary thyroid cancer, without evidence of Mönckeberg sclerosis. The metabolic profile of patients with Mönckeberg sclerosis was not significantly different from those who did not have Mönckeberg sclerosis. Moreover, the comparison between the two groups did not reveal any remarkable differences in terms of the aggressiveness of the disease.

Conclusion

The presence of Mönckeberg sclerosis does not seem to impact on histological characteristics of patients with papillary thyroid cancer.
Rethinking Love as Union: “As if our boundaries were melting...”
Authors: Losoncz Mark
Published: April 2024

This article reconsiders one of the most important theories of romantic love in contemporary philosophy, the theory of love as union. Drawing on observations from transpersonal research, the article raises the question whether it is not worthwhile to accept, at least partially, a strong sense of union in the context of love. Thus the article takes a position that is not taken by anyone in contemporary philosophy. In this context, the article also briefly analyses one of the most important variants of love as union, a union with God. At the end, the suggestion is made that it makes more sense to talk about connections rather than relations in the case of fulfilled love.
Athens or Rome? A New Perspective on the Political Philosophy of H. Arendt
Authors: Čelutka Simas
Published: April 2024

Hannah Arendt is widely known as a philosopher who attempted to rehabilitate the ancient Greek conception of politics. According to established readings of The Human Condition, Arendt is generally regarded as a ‘Graecophile’ whose thought is underwritten by ‘Athenian nostalgia’. Arendt’s sympathies for the Greeks are hard to deny: she did indeed turn to the Athenian understanding of politics in an attempt to crystallise in it the core elements of authentic politics. However, this interpretation is excessively one-sided. In Arendt’s view, the greatest contribution to the understanding of politics was offered by the Romans, not the Greeks. The Romans were much better at dealing with the problem of stability, continuity and order of politics. In Arendt’s view, an exclusive focus on action, spontaneity and extraordinary deeds threatens to destabilise the life of the political community. By introducing concepts such as tradition, authority, the sacredness of foundation, the law (lex), as well as the political significance of promise and forgiveness, the Romans opened up a dimension of political sedimentation which was alien to the Greeks. Political sedimentation provides safeguards, without which a sustainable political existence would become impossible.
Epistolary Dialogue between Zofia Kossak and Jan Dobraczyński. Forms of Address and Letter Signatures
Authors: Nowak Małgorzata , Truszkowski Artur
Published: April 2024

The epistolary discourse between Zofia Kossak and Jan Dobraczyński, spanning from 1947–1968, proves the dynamic nature of their relationship. The study focuses on the forms of address and epistolary signatures in their correspondence. In addition to the opening and closing formulas, the forms of address attested in the epistolary corpus under analysis were also analysed. As formal exponents of the bond and of the signalled sender-receiver attitude, forms of address differed. Dobraczyński’s use of forms of address was fixed and conventional, with little variation in his signatures. Conversely, Kossak was more spontaneous in both respects. Her forms of address featured nominalised variants of conventional adjectives like dear and beloved, used singularly or in a syntagmatic series, and complemented by the addressee’s name in the main, diminutive or hypocoristic form. Some cases were colloquial and humorous phrases with the lexeme dad and chap/man. Still other forms included occasional, allusive lexemes, resultant from the subject matter of the letters. Beyond fulfilling the phatic function typical of such correspondence, these forms of address also served denotative and expressive purposes.
SARS-CoV-2 Test-to-Stay in Daycare
Authors: Dewald Felix , Steger Gertrud , Fish Irina , Torre-Lage Ivonne , Hellriegel Christina , Milz Esther , Kolb-Bastigkeit Anja , Heger Eva , Fries Mira , Buess Michael , Marizy Niklas , Michaelis Barbara , Suárez Isabelle , Rubio Quintanares Gibran Horemheb , Pirkl Martin , Aigner Annette , Oberste Max , Hellmich Martin , Wong Anabelle , Orduz Juan Camilo , Fätkenheuer Gerd , Dötsch Jörg , Kossow Annelene , Moench Eva-Maria , Quade Gustav , Neumann Udo , Kaiser Rolf , Schranz Madlen , Klein Florian
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Test-to-stay concepts apply serial testing of children in daycare after exposure to SARS-CoV-2 without use of quarantine. This study aims to assess the safety of a test-to-stay screening in daycare facilities.

METHODS

714 daycare facilities and approximately 50 000 children ≤6 years in Cologne, Germany participated in a SARS-CoV-2 Pool-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screening from March 2021 to April 2022. The screening initially comprised post-exposure quarantine and was adapted to a test-to-stay approach during its course. To assess safety of the test-to-stay approach, we explored potential changes in frequencies of infections among children after the adaptation to the test-to-stay approach by applying regression discontinuity in time (RDiT) analyses. To this end, PCR-test data were linked with routinely collected data on reported infections in children and analyzed using ordinary least squares regressions.

RESULTS

219 885 Pool-PCRs and 352 305 Single-PCRs were performed. 6440 (2.93%) Pool-PCRs tested positive, and 17 208 infections in children were reported. We estimated that during a period of 30 weeks, the test-to-stay concept avoided between 7 and 20 days of quarantine per eligible daycare child. RDiT revealed a 26% reduction (Exp. Coef: 0.74, confidence interval 0.52–1.06) in infection frequency among children and indicated no significant increase attributable to the test-to-stay approach. This result was not sensitive to adjustments for 7-day incidence, season, SARS-CoV-2 variant, and socioeconomic status.

CONCLUSIONS

Our analyses provide evidence that suggest safety of the test-to-stay approach compared with quarantine measures. This approach offers a promising option to avoid use of quarantine after exposure to respiratory pathogens in daycare settings.
Fórmula Du Pont y su rentabilidad, vista desde un enfoque administrativo.
Authors: García Jiménez Omar
Published: April 2024

Es importante adentrarnos dentro de la práctica del análisis financiero con un espíritu fáctico, veraz y objetivo que permita proporcionar un margen de referencia y generar medios de análisis e interpretación de la información para toma de decisiones.Para ello, es necesario establecer objetivos y utilizar de manera óptima herramientas analíticas. Ha sido un hecho destacable el dinamismo y razonamiento con el que se ha abordado de manera particular el estudio de las finanzas; cada una de las metodologías y avances que se desarrollan en nuestros tiempos denotan más la carencia de control o dominio sobre los efectos financieros y la interpretación que da un buen análisis financiero. Así, el objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las variables que intervienen en el desarrollo de la formula Du Pont, visto desde una perspectiva administrativa.
LABORATORIO DE INNOVACIÓN COMO APOYO A LA FORMACION EMPRENDEDORA ESTUDIANTES DE INGENIERIA UNAP, CASO PRÁCTICO ECONOMÍA CIRCULAR
Authors: Ayala Riquelme Evadil , Llanos Ortiz Marianela , Oyarzún Cristi Andrés
Published: April 2024

El Laboratorio de Innovación es un espacio financiado por el Gobierno Regional y operado por la Facultad de Ingeniería y Arquitectura de la Universidad Arturo Prat, donde emprendedores, empresas y usuarios trabajaran conjuntamente para desarrollar ideas innovadoras. Para desarrollar estos objetivos, Tarapacá Labs contará con equipamiento de primer nivel en materia de prototipeo rápido (Impresoras 3D, Cortadoras Laser y CNC). Tarapaca Labs guió un proceso de innovación basada en economía circular con estudiantes de primer año de la Facultad de Ingeniería. En total, 170 jóvenes desarrollaron un proceso de intervención con talleres y la culminación en una feria de innovación dando a conocer sus productos. Finalmente, se aplicó el instrumento Cuestionario de Intenciones y Valores Empresariales, elaborado por S. Rueda, J. Moriano y F. Liñán, en el año 2015, para registrar elementos de la intervención aplicada.
Pythium-induced damping-off disease and its management in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.): A review
Authors: Adhikari A. , Oli D. , Poudel P. , Magar P.B. , Pandit S. , Pokhrel A. , Gurung S.B. , Shrestha J.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Pythium-induced damping-off is a disease that causes the decay of germinating seeds and young seedlings of tomato, and it is one of the most significant yield constraints for farmers in both nurseries and fields. Conventional fungicides are widely used to manage this disease, leading to two major consequences. Excessive fungicide use not only endangers human health and raises environmental concerns but also promotes the emergence of pesticide-resistant microorganisms in the environment. Consequently, there is growing interest in developing long-term damping-off management strategies that minimize reliance on conventional pesticides. To facilitate decision-making, a better understanding of pathogen biology and disease epidemiology is required. The major findings of this review works are as follows: i) Pythium-induced damping-off is an emerging disease that affects tomatoes in nurseries and fields and causes economic loss; ii) Epidemiological factors identified as most favorable for disease development include high soil moisture (70% or higher), low light, and moderate soil temperatures around 25°C.; and iii) Considerable research efforts in recent years have focused on developing bio-control solutions for damping-off, showing promising future prospects. To ensure higher tomato production, researchers and growers should manage Pythium-induced damping off in their fields. This review serves as a useful guide for the management of this disease.
Displacement of Zygomatic Implant in Infratemporal Region in a Case of COVID-19–Associated Mucormycosis
Authors: Jain Anuj , Mundada Bhushan , Jain Monica , Nahata Meghana
Published: April 2024

Reconstruction of maxillary defects can be carried out using a variety of treatment modalities. The choice of modality depends on numerous factors, including the size and extent of the defect, patient characteristics, and existing comorbidities. One of the various options is reconstruction and rehabilitation using a fixed prosthesis supported over a zygomatic implant. In maxillectomy cases, a zygomatic implant can be used to improve the retention of the obturator prosthesis, as the loss of alveolar bone makes it impossible to use conventional endosseous implants. Although zygomatic implants are reported to have high success rates, they are not free of complication. We hereby present a rare complication associated with the placement of a zygomatic implant in a patient with COVID-19–associated mucormycosis who underwent operation. This rare complication has never been reported before. This case report also highlights on the management of complications involving displacement of a zygomatic implant in the infratemporal region.
ПРО ІНФОРМАТИЗАЦІЮ НАВЧАЛЬНОЇ ТА НАУКОВО-ДОСЛІДНОЇ РОБОТИ АСПІРАНТІВ
Authors: Воінова С. О.
Published: April 2024

Пріоритетним завданням підготовки здобувачів третього освітньо-наукового рівня вищої освіти є інформатизація освітнього простору під час навчання в аспірантурі. Принципово важливою характеристикою нинішнього етапу розвитку науки є її інформатизація. Процес інформатизації суспільства включає в себе медіатизацію, комп’ютеризацію та інтелектуалізацію. Уряд України законодавчо затвердив завдання інформатизації суспільства, чим підтвердив актуальність питання. Серед існуючих у відкритому друці наукових розробок щодо питання інтеграції навчальної і наукової діяльності аспірантів, мало дослідженим є питання впливу інформатизації на цей процес. Метою дослідження є вивчення впливу інформатизації на науково-дослідну і навчальну роботи аспірантів та можливості її використання як інструмента інтеграції цих взаємопов’язаних сторін діяльності аспірантів. В національній доктрині розвитку системи освіти визначальним чинником ефективності її інформатизації зазначено здатність викладачів здійснювати професійну діяльність із використанням інформаційних та телекомунікаційних технологій. Розвиток та інформатизація науки та освіти вимагають від вишів постійного коригування способів підготовки аспірантів з урахуванням нових прогресивних методів навчання та наукового дослідження. Педагогам-дослідникам, схильним до інновацій, простіше запровадити у навчальний процес результати сучасних наукових досліджень та ефективно використовувати сучасні інформаційні технології. Корисно підсилити увагу аспірантів до того, що комп'ютерна техніка та інформаційні технології сприяють автоматизації та інтенсифікації досліджень. Інформатизація має стати суттєвим фактором інтеграції наукової та навчальної роботи аспірантів.
INFORMATION AND ANALYTICAL SYSTEM FOR COLLECTING, PROCESSING AND ANALYZING DATA ON AIR POLLUTION
Authors: Zavalieiev A. , Vadurin K. , Perekrest A. , Bakharev V.
Published: April 2024

The presented information and analytical system is designed to provide convenient management of the processes of collecting, processing and analyzing air pollution data. The system is a web application built on the basis of the R programming language using the Shiny web service and works with data from Vaisala monitoring stations. The created service receives data from the monitoring stations on various air parameters such as wind speed, temperature, and levels of pollutants such as PM2.5, CO, and NO2.The main functions of the web service include uploading data to a dedicated server, processing data with the ability to round time ranges, interactive data visualization using graphs and charts, building air quality charts, and presenting AQI, which can be used to classify pollution levels and generate recommendations for different sensitivity groups of the population.The system allows users to download data from the server in various formats or access the original data from the Vaisala server. In addition, users can convert data to different units of measurement. The web service can be of interest to both household users and professionals in various fields, including environmental researchers in Ukraine, governmental environmental control organizations, municipal and public organizations interested in a clean environment. By improving the availability and analysis of air quality data, this service contributes to the preservation of the environment and public health.
MODELING THE INFLUENCE OF NANOPARTICLES AND GYROTACTIC MICROORGANISMS ON NATURAL CONVECTION IN A HEATED SQUARE CAVITY USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK (ANN)
Authors: Çolak Andaç Batur
Published: April 2024

The phenomenon of natural convection, which is widely used in nature and engineering applications, is a current issue that can be encountered in every field of daily life. In this study, the natural convection characteristics of a complex liquid containing nanoparticles and gyrotactic microorganisms in a heated square cavity were investigated using artificial neural network approach. The Nusselt number, average Sherwood number of nanoparticles, and average Sherwood number of microorganisms were considered as natural convection parameters and an artificial neural network model was developed to estimate these values. The Lewis number, Brownian motion parameter, thermophoresis parameter, and buoyancy ratio parameter values were defined as input parameters in the network model, which has a multilayer perceptron architecture developed with a total of 24 datasets. There were 10 neurons in the hidden layer of the network model, which has a Bayesian regularization training algorithm. The outputs obtained from the network model were compared with the target values; in addition, the prediction performance of the model was extensively analyzed using various performance parameters. It was seen that the predicted values obtained from the neural network and the target values were in an ideal harmony. On the other hand, the value of the coefficient of determination for the network model was 0.99999% and the mean deviation rates were lower than -0.03%. The results of the study showed that the developed neural network model can predict the natural convection parameters discussed with high accuracy.
DUAL SOLUTION OF EMHD TANGENT HYPERBOLIC NANOFLUID WITH VISCOUS DISSIPATION AND SUCTION
Authors: Senbagaraja P. , De Poulomi
Published: April 2024

Dual solution of the Electromagnetohydrodynamics (EMHD) Hyperbolic Tangent nanofluid over stretching and
shrinking sheet has been examined in this study. Major findings of this research have significant implications for various engineering and industrial applications such as energy systems, thermal management, and advanced cooling technologies. Utilizing the reliable similarity transformations, ordinary differential equations have been obtained from the governing partial differential equations and solved with fourth-order Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg technique via shooting technique. The effects of the concerned parameter on both lengthening and dwindling sheet for the momentum, energy, and concentration profiles are vividly analyzed. Local skin friction, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number are depicted using bar plots. Enhancement of Eckert number and suction are observed to enhance with rise of Nusselt number with the percentage of 69.40 and 66.98, respectively. Comparison with prior published work was carried out and found to be in better accord.
Overview of the main components, features and security solutions of automated process control systems
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Bychkova Ekaterina I. , Lysenko Marina V. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: April 2024

The structure, main components and tasks of typical automated process control systems (ACS) are described. The main distinctive features of automated systems and their impact on the design of an information security system (ISMS) are determined. A brief overview of the problems of information security of automated process control systems is given. The basic principles that must be taken into account when creating.
Lili-Hics trial: Efficacy of the lipid test in liver hydatid cyst surgery
Authors: Sabuncuoglu Mehmet Zafer , Sozen Isa , Zihni Ismail , Celik Girayhan , Sen Acar Ayfer , Dal Fatmanur , Gunduz Demet
Published: April 2024

Bile leakage is a common complication following liver surgeries, particularly in the cases of liver hydatid cyst operations. Currently, there is no adequate method which could be utilized to prevent this complication effectively. Our study aimed to assess the efficacy of the biliary lipid test (BLT) in reducing biliary complications after hydatid cyst surgery. We retrospectively included patients who underwent open liver hydatid cyst surgery between January 2011 and January 2024. The study encompassed 122 patients, with 41 males and 81 females, ranging in age from 18 to 79 years. In the BLT group, a lipid solution was injected transcystically after cholecystectomy. The BLT was performed on 65 patients, while 57 patients did not undergo the test. Following the transcystic injection of the lipid solution, orifices at the site of lipid droplets that became visible were ligated with 5.0 prolene sutures. A total of 200 leak sites were sutured. Remarkably, none of the patients in the BLT group experienced postoperative bile leakage lasting longer than one week. Consequently, a shorter hospital stay was observed in this group. Transcystic injection of the lipid solution with distal clamping effectively demonstrated leak sites, and suturing these sites prevented postoperative bile leakage. Our study demonstrates the effectiveness of the LIpid test in LIver Hydatid Cyst Surgery (Lili-Hics) in reducing biliary complications following hydatid cyst surgery.
India's Climate Mitigation Policy: Challenges and Prospects
Authors: Dorokhina Ksenia , Sakharov Andrei
Published: April 2024

India is one of the largest emitters of greenhouse gases in the world, largely due to its high dependence on coal. However, since the early 2000s, New Delhi has introduced various tools to help reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In 2022, a new climate plan was adopted that, for the first time, set a goal to achieve carbon neutrality by 2070. To achieve the goal of reducing greenhouse gases in the energy sector, India is using several market-based schemes, which will become the basis of the Indian emissions trading system in the nearest future. Environmentally friendly transport is actively developing. Insights from research in the field of industrial decarbonization, carbon capture, and storage systems and forest protection and afforestation programmes are being implemented. However, the implementation of the identified areas is fraught with difficulties, leading to the implementation of controversial measures on the part of the state which are economically justified but contrary to the climate strategy. This study examines the main directions of Indian climate policy, and prospects and difficulties in their implementation to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality
South Africaʼs Just Energy Transition: Issues and Prospects
Authors: Ignatov Aleksandr
Published: April 2024

South Africa is the one of leading African economies and the one of the major global greenhouse gas emitters. Actively participating in international climate and energy frameworks, South Africa sets an ambitious goal of achieving net zero emissions by 2050. The climate agenda is a sphere of crucial importance for South Africa due to explicit systemic vulnerabilities of the national economy in the face of expected changes. This article analyzes problems and prospects in achieving South Africaʼs climate policy goals, as well as the availability of resources necessary to achieve these goals. The analysis finds that South Africa does not possess the resources to achieve its climate goals. South Africa remains dependent on polluting fossil fuels, especially coal, due to enormous available natural deposits. Climate financing covers only a portion of necessary financial placing. In the long run, established international agreements may aggravate the countryʼs international debt problem. South Africaʼs leaders recognize the necessity of climate-related policy measures, but such measures cannot be characterized as the main drivers of the countryʼs development.
Trends of G7/G8 Influence on Global Climate Governance
Authors: Larionova Marina , Doronin Pavel
Published: April 2024

This article reviews the changing priorities and commitments of the Group of 7 (G7) and Group of 8 (G8) on climate change and energy security and highlights the trends of their influence on the global climate agenda. The main research method is content analysis of the groups’ documents adopted from 2005 to 2023. The study reveals that, at all stages of cooperation, the G7 endeavoured to secure commitments from emerging market and developing countries to increase their contributions to emissions reduction and accelerate the transition to a low carbon economy. As early as 2009, the advanced countries sought to prevent carbon leakages, regarding a comprehensive climate agreement in Copenhagen as a possible solution. The main principles, priorities, and tasks for attaining global energy security were defined in the 2006 leaders’ statement on global energy security and the St Petersburg action plan. The G7’s Rome and Hamburg initiatives on energy security, adopted after the G8’s suspension, in essence continued the course toward building competitive, diversified, sustainable, and low carbon energy systems, but without Russia. The new paradigm determined a different hierarchy of priorities: promotion of flexible gas markets, including more integrated liquified natural gas (LNG) markets, regulatory and public funding support of investment in energy infrastructure that cannot be built according to market rules, development of oil and natural gas resources from unconventional sources, and enhanced cooperation on critical infrastructure, transit routes, supply chains, and transport. This course was consolidated in subsequent years and entered a new stage in 2022. Since 2021, the G7 has been increasing efforts to renew the global rules and to shape new mechanisms and institutes of global climate governance. The establishment of the climate club, Just Energy Transition Partnerships (JETPs), the Partnership for Global Infrastructure Investment (PGII), adoption of the principles of high integrity carbon markets, and the setting up of new engagement and containment platforms increase the risk of a fragmentation of the established climate governance system and its gradual substitution by a new order functioning in the interests of the G7 and its allies. In view of these risks it is necessary to deepen cooperation with the BRICS+ group led by Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa and other emerging market and developing countries to coordinate and promote within the key multilateral institutions, including the United Nations (UN), the Group of 20 (G20), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), a concerted position on the inadmissibility of eroding the existing global climate governance system with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) at its centre or the use of climate goals and regulation as protectionist and discriminative instruments, and to advance practical implementation of the principle of common but differential responsibility
Conceptualizing a Seamless Model of Technology Transfer: Evidence from Public Research Institutes and Universities in Indonesia
Authors:   Regional Research and Development Planning Agency of Bogor Regency, Hendrix Tommy , Nasution Syukri Yusuf ,   National Research and Innovation Agency, Ariyani Luthfina ,   National Research and Innovation Agency, Maulana Syahrizal ,   National Research and Innovation Agency, Wicaksono Adityo ,   National Research and Innovation Agency, Ferianto Ferianto ,   National Research and Innovation Agency
Published: April 2024

Technology transfer (TT) is essential in transforming and mobilizing technological knowledge from public research institutes (PRIs) and universities into innovations. The concept of TT has become the center of scholarly attention since implementing the Bayh-Dole Act in 1980. In its progression, TT models and practices varied across organizations. The standard adopted model at Indonesian PRIs and universities is the dissemination model. This classic model is problematic yet suitable for technological knowledge production within these organizations. Consequently, TT performance could be better; only a few technologies were successfully commercialized and became innovations. Meanwhile, most research results ended as publications and new intellectual properties. Therefore, a new model needs to enhance the TT processes. This study uses a multiple-case study approach to conceptualize a “seamless” technology transfer model. This model provides a holistic view of processes and components of technology transfer in the dimensions of knowledge creation, diffusion, and absorption, which are intertwined. The model differs from the existing concept that segregates components in each dimension; it allows actors and determinants to be involved (or utilized) in multiple dimensions to cater to a better TT process.
From Discrete Skills to Holistic Creative Human Potential: An Emerging Approach in Theory and Practice
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Sorokin Pavel , Maltseva Vera ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics
Published: April 2024

The study aims to empirically demonstrate and conceptually interpret the manifestations of an emerging approach to the issues of human capital, its measurement and development on the international academic, expert, and corporate agenda. We document a gradual shift from a focus on individual skills, their measurement and development, to an approach that considers the complexity of human capital and emphasizes holistic individual activity and the proactive role of the individual in his/her human development and in transforming the corporate environment.The authors show that the formation of this novel approach can be associated with new trends in socio-economic development, including the growing share of non-routine jobs, the transformation of work formats and broader processes of de-structuration, which require a proactive role of the individual in the maintenance and development of social structures, including business organizations. The study has shown that the formation of this new approach occurs gradually and simultaneously at the global level on the academic, expert, and corporate agendas, but with varying degrees of intensity and with different focuses. At the same time, it is the corporate agenda that can be regarded as a frontier. This study is based on a content analysis of academic publications, expert reports of international organizations and think tanks, as well as public reports and documents of the world’s leading innovative companies. The research employs the Big Data intelligence system iFORA.
Assessment of implant accuracy using high-resolution postmortem MRI v1
Authors: Liang Lucy , Pirondini Elvira , C Ho Jonathan
Published: April 2024

Deep brain implant accuracy is important for successful experiments in non-human primates. In this protocol, we describe the steps to use postmortem imaging to assess the accuracy of an implant by visualizing implant location with a small thermal ablation and comparing its coordinates to image based pre-surgical planning. This protocol is supplementary to the manuscript: Liang, L., Zimmermann Rollin, I., Alikaya, A., Ho, J.C., Santini, T., Bostan, A.C., Schwerdt, H.N., Stauffer, W.R., Ibrahim, T.S., Pirondini, E., Schaeffer, D.J., 2024. An open-source MRI compatible frame for multimodal presurgical mapping in macaque and capuchin monkeys. BioRxiv https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.02.17.580767
FindingNemo (v.kit14): A Toolkit for DNA Extraction, Library Preparation and Purification for Ultra Long Nanopore Sequencing v1
Authors: Cahyani Inswasti , Tyson John , Holmes Nadine , Quick Josh , Loman Nicholas , Loose Matthew
Published: April 2024

This collection of protocols is designed to enable ultra-long (UL) reads on Nanopore sequencers. It is split into five sections dealing with ultra-high molecular weight (UHMW) DNA: Extraction QC Library preparation Nemo clean-up using glass beads and Hexamminecobalt(III) Chloride, aka. CoHex. Flowcell priming, library loading and run We have tested and optimised the full protocol in human cell lines. Various options are available for each of the steps and we hope that the components here will be useful to the community and provide a long-read toolkit.
Prejudice Transformation from Overt to Covert Forms as an Indicator of its Functions in Intergroup Relations
Authors: Kotova M.V.
Published: April 2024

Objective. The study is aimed to clarify the understanding of the functions of prejudice in intergroup relations. A comparison of approaches to explaining intergroup relations and an analysis of the transformation of prejudice into covert, subtle forms were applied in order to achieve the aim.
Background. The plasticity of prejudice, its transformation into covert, subtle forms in response to equal rights movements and social inadmissibility, the inconsistencies in the prejudice reduction techniques effectiveness indicates that something fundamental about the nature of prejudice is being missed by researchers. The persistent negativity of prejudice suggests that one should look for this “missing” in the concept of functions. The functions of prejudice per se have not been a focus of research attention yet.
Methodology. The rationale was based on functional analysis in psychology, sociology and social anthropology.
Conclusions. The persistence, “inflexibility” of a negative attitude is an essential trait of prejudice, and not just an imperfection of its first definitions. It points to the functions that prejudice fulfills in intergroup relations, that is, it leads to a positive, a useful result for the system (society and its structure). Features of the transformation of prejudice into covert forms show that preserving the entitativity and the boundaries of the group (which is the unit of this system) in a “loose” egalitarian society seems to be prejudice function.
Theory and Practice of Cross-Cultural Psychology: 20 years in the Russian Context
Authors: Gritsenko V.V. , Pavlova O.S.
Published: April 2024

The article presents a report on the work of the international scientific and practical conference “Ethnopsychology: Theory and Practice”, which took place on November 16-17, 2023 in Moscow and was dedicated to the 20th anniversary of the Department of Cross-Cultural Psychology and Psychological Problems of Multicultural Education, Faculty of Social Psychology, Moscow State University of Psychology & Education. The content of plenary and sectional sessions, master classes and round tables is reflected. The range of questions and problems raised during the conference reflects the current issues of Russian cross-cultural psychological research.
In-hospital results of therapy with the NGLT-2 inhibitor dapagliflozin in patients with acute decompensation of heart failure: prospective randomized study
Authors: Omarov Omar M. , Arabidze Grigorij G. , Shogenov Zaur S. , Petrik Elena A.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND: This study focuses on the development of new approaches to the management of patients with acute decompensation of heart failure (ADHF) using sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 (iHLT-2) inhibitors, particularly dapagliflozin, and its role in early treatment initiation.
AIM: Our aim was to determine the predictors of severe ADHF outcomes in patients with low left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and the role of early initiation of iGLT-2 therapy (within the first 24 h).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective randomized study included a total of 140 patients hospitalized with ADHF between January 1 to September 1, 2023. The patients were randomized into two groups: in group 1, iGLT-2 therapy was started within 24 h from the moment of admission (n=70), and in group 2, standard therapy was implemented (n=70). Hospital data were analyzed. The endpoint was the persistence of congestion in one or both circulatory circuits with New York Heart Association Functional Classes III–IV, indicating severe ADHF.
RESULTS: The initial demographic and clinical characteristics of both groups were comparable. In both groups 47% patients did not receive optimal drug therapy (excluding iGLT-2) for chronic heart failure, and no differences were found in this indicator (p=0.081). iGLT-2 therapy did not demonstrate a significant effect on the likelihood of an adverse ADHF outcome (odds ratio [OR]=0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.43–1.78, p=0.719). Multivariate analysis showed an increase in the probability of this outcome for every 1000 pg/mL increase in N-terminal propeptide of brain natriuretic hormone (NT-proBNP) (OR=1.72, 95% CI 1.37–2.17; p 0.001), blood urea per 1 mmol/L (OR=1.54, 95% CI 1.21–1.97; p=0.001), pulmonary hypertension (OR=7.08, 95% CI 2.15–23.34; p=0.001), and a decrease in the probability of outcome with a 1% increase in LVEF (OR=0.91, 95% CI 0.84–0.99; p=0.031). The sensitivity and specificity of the adverse outcome model were 91.3 and 85.1%, respectively.
CONCLUSION: The leading predictors of an unfavorable ADHF outcome include increased levels of NT-proBNP and blood urea, pulmonary hypertension, and decreased LVEF.
Prediction of in-hospital complications in takotsubo syndrome: prospective cohort study
Authors: Evdokimov Dmitry S. , Feoktistova Valeria S. , Boldueva Svetlana A. , Resnyanskaya Ekaterina D. , Plavinsky Svyatoslav L.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND: Until recently, takotsubo syndrome (TS) was considered a fairly benign disease in both early and late periods. However, in recent years, in-hospital complications in the acute period of TS are common and can be life-threatening.
AIM: Based on clinical and laboratory-instrumental data, this study aimed to build models for predicting the risk of developing in-hospital complications in patients with TS during the acute period.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective cohort study included 60 patients with TS, with an average age of 65.5±13.4 years. In the acute period (7–14 days), standard clinical and laboratory examination, peripheral arterial tonometry using the «EndoPAT 2000» apparatus, and psychological testing using validated questionnaires (hospital anxiety and depression scale and Beck depression scale) were performed.
RESULTS: The integrated model for predicting the risk of acute heart failure (AHF) development (pulmonary edema and cardiogenic shock) identified admission LVEF as the leading prognostic parameter. With LVEF ≤40.5%, the probability of AHF in patients with TS in the acute period was 62.5%, and in patients with TS and QTc interval 487 ms, the risk reached 100%. The sensitivity and specificity of the developed model were 72.7% and 97.4%, respectively. The integrated model for predicting the development of cardiovascular complications (CVCs) revealed that the number of leukocytes in the peripheral blood was the leading risk factor for adverse events in patients with TS in the acute period. With a leukocyte count 11.1×109/L, the risk of CVCs in patients with TS increased to 89.9%, and if the erythrocyte count was 4.69×1012/L or ≤4.29×1012/L, it could reach 100%. The sensitivity and specificity of the resulting model were 92.6 and 97.0%, respectively.
CONCLUSION: The models proposed in this study for predicting the likelihood of developing severe AHF and the overall risk of CVCs in the acute period of TS are personalized and easy to use, allowing for the selection of optimized treatment techniques.
Efficacy of targeted screening for familial hypercholesterolemia in children and adults aged <44 years: retrospective, prospective observational study
Authors: Emelyanchik Elena Yu. , Moiseeva Anastasia M. , Emelyanchik Vasilii S. , Marilovtseva Olga V. , Khomchenkov Roman V. , Mosina Valentina A. , Cherkashina Irina I. , Ustyugov Sergey A. , Nikulina Svetlana Yu. , Protopopov Alexey V.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND: Considering the high cardiovascular risk in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), early diagnosis and treatment are the basis for the prevention of vascular accidents. In the absence of universal screening, the results of more targeted diagnostics are of interest — the search for lipid metabolism disorders in young relatives of patients with atherosclerotic vascular diseases.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of targeted screening for identifying patients with FH, which will justify its widespread use in clinical practice.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: At the start of the observational study, 584 patients were identified from the vascular centers of the Krasnoyarsk Regional Hospital, Krasnoyarsk Interdistrict Clinical Hospital No. 20 named after. I.S. Berzon, who had lipid profile data and early cardiovascular events (all forms of coronary heart diseases), including reconstructive vascular interventions up to 55 years in men and up to 60 years in women in the case of first-degree relatives and up to 50 years in second-degree relatives. The study examined patients’ relatives aged 44 years. To diagnose FH in participants aged 16 years, the scale developed by a network of Dutch lipid clinics was used; in participants aged 16 years, the S. Broome criteria were used. Targeted screening and lipid parameters in individuals with probable, possible, and definite FH were analyzed. Data processing was performed using Microsoft Excel and Statistica v. 12.0 (USA). Parametric (calculation of the median and 25th and 75th quartiles) and nonparametric (statistical significance of differences was determined using the Mann–Whitney and χ2 tests) methods were used.
RESULTS: The study examined 70 children and 104 adults aged 44 years whose first- and/or second-degree relatives suffered premature vascular events. In the general group of participants, 42 (24.14%) patients had FH (of which 18 were 17 years old) and 37 (21.2%) had hyperlipoproteinemia (a). Definite FH was documented in 16 (9.1%) patients, probable in another 16, and possible in 9. Hyperlipoproteinemia (a) was found in 37 (21.2% of general group) patients, including 12 children (17.1% of pediatric group).
CONCLUSION: Not more than 30% of the population are aware of the hereditary nature of lipid metabolism disorders and atherosclerotic diseases. Targeted screening is the least expensive and most effective tool for identifying patients with FH and hyperdipoproteinemia (a).
Estimating Kappa within a Low-Seismicity Region in Northern New Mexico Using Data Recorded by the Los Alamos Seismic Network
Authors: Maier Nathan , Larmat Carene , Roberts Peter , Kwong Kevin , Donahue Carly , Rodriguez Emily
Published: April 2024

We quantify the total attenuation, κ, and the attenuation component due to near-surface site effects, κ0, in a region in northern New Mexico using data recorded by the Los Alamos Seismic Network. The area is characterized by low seismicity, where most of the well-recorded earthquakes have magnitudes between 1 and 2. This magnitude range poses a challenge for commonly used kappa methods because the high-frequency attenuation cannot be confidently isolated from the bandwidth in which the corner frequency roll-off occurs. We determine through synthetic experiments that estimates of κ within this range have quantifiable biases that depend on source (corner frequency), site (κ magnitude), and data quality characteristics (fitting bandwidth), which can be used to correct estimated κ from three commonly used kappa methods. Using 412 recorded earthquakes, we show that a bias correction results in κ distributions and κ0 estimates that are more consistent between the three methods, suggesting that the bias correction results in κ values with higher fidelity. Using the bias-corrected κ, we find κ0 between 0.038 and 0.049 s within the Valles Caldera and between 0.026 and 0.066 s on Los Alamos National Laboratory property, values near those commonly used in the western United States. We find that a main limitation in the quality of κ0 is the small number of usable waveforms at some stations, which will to improve as more earthquakes are recorded. This contrasts with other aspects, such as fitting bandwidth and source and path variability, which are unlikely to change in the future and will ultimately be the limiting factor in κ0 resolution. Overall, our results suggest that the bias-correction scheme presented here could potentially be used in other regions where small-magnitude earthquakes are prevalent. However, future work should look to verify that bias-corrected κ estimates show consistency with those retrieved from higher magnitude earthquakes.