bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TiO2 Co-doped with Zr and Ag shows highly efficient visible light photocatalytic behavior suitable for treatment of polluted water
Authors: Aqeel M. , Ikram M. , Imran M. , Ul-Hamid A. , Qumar U. , Shahbaz A. , Ikram M. , Saeed A.
Published: November 2020

The objective of this study is to analyze the effects of zirconium (Zr) and silver (Ag) doping on the photoactivity of titania (TiO2).
Organophosphorus-catalyzed relay oxidation of H-Bpin: electrophilic C–H borylation of heteroarenes
Authors: Lipshultz Jeffrey M. , Fu Yue , Liu Peng , Radosevich Alexander T.
Published: November 2020

A nontrigonal phosphorus triamide (1, P{N[o-NMe-C6H4]2}) is shown to catalyze C–H borylation of electron-rich heteroarenes with pinacolborane (HBpin) in the presence of a mild chloroalkane reagent.
Prediction of higher thermoelectric performance in BiCuSeO by weakening electron–polar optical phonon scattering
Authors: Zhao T. , Gibson Q. D. , Daniels L. M. , Slater B. , Corà F.
Published: November 2020

Targeting electron–polar optical (PO) phonon scattering for higher thermoelectric performance in BiCuSeO.
Probing the charged state of layered positive electrodes in sodium-ion batteries: reaction pathways, stability and opportunities
Authors: Stansby Jennifer H. , Sharma Neeraj , Goonetilleke Damian
Published: November 2020

The complex behaviour of layered oxide cathode materials at high voltages currently limits the energy densities which can be achieved by sodium-ion batteries.
Highly effective and selective molecular nanowire catalysts for hydrogen and ammonia synthesis
Authors: Wu Qian , Peng Rui , Huang Baibiao , Kou Liangzhi , Dai Ying , Ma Yandong
Published: November 2020

New types of electrocatalysts with high activity and selectivity are essential for advancing sustainable hydrogen and ammonia productions.
CuFeSe2-based thermo-responsive multifunctional nanomaterial initiated by a single NIR light for hypoxic cancer therapy
Authors: Lu Juan , Yang Jun , Yang Dan , Hu Shanshan , Sun Qianqian , Yang Guixin , Gai Shili , Wang Zhao , Yang Piaoping
Published: November 2020

A thermo-responsive CuFeSe2-based multifunctional nanomaterial was used for NIR light initiated hypoxic cancer therapy and CT/MR imaging.
Precision tuning of rare-earth-doped upconversion nanoparticles via droplet-based microfluidic screening
Authors: Li Shangkun , Meng Yingchao , Guo Yujia , Liu Tian , Stavrakis Stavros , Howes Philip D. , deMello Andrew J.
Published: November 2020

A droplet microfluidic-based synthesis approach allows rapid optimization and fine emission color tuning of rare-earth-doped upconversion nanoparticles.
High-density lipoprotein’s vascular protective functions in metabolic and cardiovascular disease – could extracellular vesicles be at play?
Authors: Beazer Jack D. , Patanapirunhakit Patamat , Gill Jason M.R. , Graham Delyth , Karlsson Helen , Ljunggren Stefan , Mulder Monique T. , Freeman Dilys J.
Published: November 2020

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is a circulating complex of lipids and proteins known primarily for its role in reverse cholesterol transport and consequent protection from atheroma. In spite of this, therapies aimed at increasing HDL concentration do not reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and as such focus has shifted towards other HDL functions protective of vascular health – including vasodilatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-thrombotic actions. It has been demonstrated that in disease states such as CVD and conditions of insulin resistance such as Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), HDL function is impaired owing to changes in the abundance and function of HDL-associated lipids and proteins, resulting in reduced vascular protection. However, the gold standard density ultracentrifugation technique used in the isolation of HDL also co-isolates extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are ubiquitous cell-derived particles with lipid bilayers that carry a number of lipids, proteins and DNA/RNA/miRNAs involved in cell-to-cell communication. EVs transfer their bioactive load through interaction with cell surface receptors, membrane fusion and endocytic pathways, and have been implicated in both cardiovascular and metabolic diseases – both as protective and pathogenic mediators. Given that studies using density ultracentrifugation to isolate HDL also co-isolate EVs, biological effects attributed to HDL may be confounded by EVs. We hypothesise that some of HDL’s vascular protective functions in cardiovascular and metabolic disease may be mediated by EVs. Elucidating the contribution of EVs to HDL functions will provide better understanding of vascular protection and function in conditions of insulin resistance and potentially provide novel therapeutic targets for such diseases.
Two‐stage ANN‐based bidding strategy for a load aggregator using decentralized equivalent rival concept
Authors: Kiannejad Mohammad , Salehizadeh Mohammad Reza , Oloomi‐Buygi Majid
Published: November 2020

As an intermediator between the wholesale electricity market and retail market, a typical load aggregator submits an optimal bid to the system operator to meet the expected demands of its customers. In this regard, the provision of an effective optimal bidding strategy is very crucial for a load aggregator to increase its profit. Within this context, this paper proposes a two‐stage artificial neural network based adaptive bidding strategy procedure for an LA by revealing, modelling, and predicting the aggregative behaviour of the competitors in an hourly electricity market. To this end, we develop the concept of decentralized equivalent rival whose behaviour in the electricity market reflects the aggregation of behaviours of all individual competitors. Also, an equivalent market which its outcomes are approximately equal to those of the real market is modelled. The equivalent market's participants are the load aggregator and its corresponding DER. The proposed approach is capable enough to consider transmission constraints. The performance of the proposed approach has been examined on an illustrative example and the IEEE 30‐bus test system by considering transmission network constraints. The proposed artificial neural network‐based adaptive bidding strategy has compared with a Q –learning‐based bidding approach and the results are analysed.
Application research on pilot protection method for multi‐terminal hybrid line‐commutated converter/modular multilever converter‐based high voltage DC system
Authors: Zhang Chenhao , Song Guobing , Yin Lishuai , Xu Ruidong , Li Yang , Yang Liming , Dong Xinzhou
Published: November 2020

The multi‐terminal hybrid line commutated converter (LCC)/modular multilevel converter (MMC)‐based high voltage dc (HVDC) has been applied to solve the simultaneous commutation failure problem in East China. Here, the propagation of the travelling wave is characterised by transfer functions and the characteristic of the fault current travelling wave in the multi‐terminal hybrid LCC/MMC HVDC system is analysed. Then a directional pilot protection for the multi‐terminal hybrid LCC/MMC HVDC system is proposed. The proposed method is implemented to the designed HCM5000 dc control and protection device and verified in the Kun–Liu–Long three‐terminal hybrid LCC/MMC HVDC real‐time digital simulator (RTDS) test system. The test results show that the proposed method meets the engineering requirement of multi‐terminal hybrid LCC/MMC HVDC system for line protection.
Model‐based maximum power point tracking for photovoltaic panels: parameters identification and training database collection
Authors: Cristaldi Loredana , Faifer Marco , Laurano Christian , Ottoboni Roberto , Toscani Sergio , Zanoni Michele
Published: November 2020

Module‐level distributed maximum power point tracking (MPPT) represents an attractive solution for photovoltaic systems installed in dense urban areas, where panels are often subject to different solar irradiance levels. Model‐based MPPT algorithms are particularly suitable for the purpose: they enable good steady‐state accuracy and fast dynamics thanks to an underlying parametric model of the panel. The target of the present study is deeply investigating the estimation of the model parameters, and the collection of the training database, since they heavily affect overall performance. In this work, parameter values result by maximising energy production considering the training database; under some simplifications, it leads to a weighted least squares problem that can be easily solved. One of the main advantages is the robustness in the presence of some identification data that have been collected under partially shadowed conditions. Moreover, the possibility to gather the training database by running a perturb and observe MPPT is investigated and tested for the first time. Energy production is allowed also during this stage, thus opening the way to a periodic update of the parameters to follow degradation and time drift of the module. Experimental results show that performance is virtually the same as that obtained by computing parameters from a large set of volt‐ampere characteristics.
The nonlinearity of life
Authors: Herrera-Delgado Edgar , Sollich Peter
Published: November 2020

Statistical physics was originally developed to understand the behaviour of materials like gases, liquids or crystalline solids and the phase transitions between them. But in recent decades, concepts from statistical physics have been applied much more widely, in particular to biological systems.
Correction to: Moving Beyond Lewis: Employment and Wage Trends in China’s High- and Low-Skilled Industries and the Emergence of an Era of Polarization
Authors: Rozelle Scott , Xia Yiran , Friesen Dimitris , Vanderjack Bronson , Cohen Nourya
Published: November 2020

Due to an unfortunate oversight, the corresponding author of this article has been interchanged. It should be Yiran Xia.
Self-consistent gain calculations and carrier transport analysis for split-well direct-phonon terahertz quantum cascade lasers
Authors: Lander Gower Nathalie , Piperno Silvia , Albo Asaf
Published: November 2020

A split-well direct phonon THz quantum cascade laser scheme supporting a clean three-level system was analyzed using nonequilibrium Green’s functions. In this system, most of the electrons occupy the lower three levels, and thermally activated leakage channels are suppressed almost entirely. The simulations showed that the gain values were deeply affected by the changes in the devices’ interface roughness and impurity scattering strengths. We concluded that in addition to the low oscillator strength and relatively low doping level, these are the mechanisms responsible for the temperature performance limitations of this scheme.
Resistive switching in Al2O3 based trilayer structure with varying parameters via experimentation and computation
Authors: Fatheema Jameela , Fatima Sabeen , Ali Bilal Jehanzaib , Mohammad Mohammad Ali , Shahid Tauseef , Islam Amjad , Rizwan Syed
Published: November 2020

Resistive switching characteristics in Al (40 nm)/Al2O3 (x nm)/Ni (50 nm) were analyzed while the middle layer thickness is varied from 5 nm to 20 nm with an increment of 5 nm each. Al/Al2O3/Ni with a total thickness of 100 nm showed the most prominent results. The current compliance was 100 mA while the voltage range for each design varied in the range of ±4 V, showing bipolar resistive switching. The double logarithmic curves indicated the presence of the Ohmic conduction and space-charge limited current mechanism. Moreover, density functional theory based calculations were performed for aluminum oxide with induced oxygen vacancy defects. The structures with oxygen vacancies showed that the nature of aluminum oxide was converted to semi-conducting from insulating, i.e., the bandgap was decreased from ∼6 eV to ∼0.6 eV. Density of states displayed that the atoms neighboring the oxygen vacant sites are responsible for a shift in states toward the valence band and Fermi level. Formation of a conduction filament (CF) is found essential for conduction in resistive random access memory (RRAM), and the computational analysis clarified that induction of oxygen vacancies is vital for the formation of CF. Finally, this work presents a detailed discussion and understanding of resistive switching in aluminum oxide-based RRAM, which is significant in the advancement of non-volatile data storage application.
Geometrical effects of microchannel plates: Grazing incidence operation of time-of-flight mass spectrometry and comparison to standard carbon foil
Authors: Lubinsky Nick , Kucharek Harald , Kistler Lynn
Published: November 2020

Direct detection of plasma composition in situ is integral to our understanding of ionospheric, magnetospheric, and heliospheric dynamics. Heavy, singly charged ions have been shown to contribute significantly to the mass and energy redistribution within the magnetosphere. However, most studies neglect the individual contributions of CNO group ions (instead attributing all effects to oxygen) due to the lack of mass separation of the spectrometer. In this paper, we investigate how the mass resolution of a traditional Time-of-Flight (ToF) mass spectrometer responds to different geometric applications of “grazing incidence” scattering. We apply this technique by utilizing standard Microchannel Plates (MCPs) to generate the “Start” signal, instead of the traditional carbon foil, reducing overall scattering via physically limiting plasma collisions to shallow angles of incidence. We considered only geometric differences, comparing LD 20 and LD 40 (length to diameter ratio) MCP effects on mass resolution observed by the ion composition and distribution function analyzer; traditional carbon foil spectra are contrasted against that produced by replacing one foil with these MCPs and subsequently illuminated with H+, H2+, He+, N+, H2O+, N2+, Ar+ ions over energies from ∼15 keV to 29 keV, similar to those seen in magnetospheric plasma. We found that among the MCP geometries, the increasing LD ratio corresponds to spectra that observe smaller FWHM and faster mean ToF, indicative of a significant drop in scattering. Additionally, the mass resolution is significantly better than when using the traditional carbon foil for masses above 4 amu. However, the geometry limits detection efficiencies due to the plasma’s reduced cross section of collision with the surface that generates the “Start” signal.
Second-order empathy, pragmatic ambiguity, and irony
Authors: Geeraerts Dirk
Published: November 2020

If first-order empathy is the ability of Self to
take into account Other’s point of view, second-order empathy may be
defined as the ability of Self to take into account Other’s point of
view as including a view of Self. The paper argues that the
possibility for the hearer to choose between a first-order empathic
and a second-order empathic interpretation of speaker utterances
introduces a principled and pervasive indeterminacy in
speaker-hearer interactions, illustrated with examples of
referential ambiguity, speech-act-related ambiguity, and
sociocommunicative ambiguity. With representative speech acts, the
interaction of degree of empathy and convergence/divergence of
beliefs yields six interpretative configurations: assertion,
mistake, agreement, disagreement, irony, deception. Thus, irony
finds a systematic position within a broader calculus of
intersubjective interaction.
The multimodal negotiation of irony and humor in
interaction
Authors: Brône Geert
Published: November 2020

Interactionally grounded accounts of humor and
irony have focused on the construction of complex layered gestalts.
In most cases, these accounts provide a model for the pretense that
speakers are engaged in when jointly construing ironic or humorous
utterances, as well as for the affective power of such utterances.
Much less studied, however, is the question how speakers
interactionally monitor such sequences of joint pretense. To
investigate this more systematically, I zoom in on the role of eye
gaze as a mechanism for reaction monitoring by speakers and hearers.
Using humorous sequences taken from a multimodal video corpus of
three-party interactions, in which the gaze behavior of all
participants was recorded using mobile eye-tracking devices, I
describe specific gaze patterns.
Metaphor and irony
Authors: Barnden John
Published: November 2020

We address metaphor/irony mixing, as in ironic
“What a rocket!” about a very slow train. We
agree that the final meaning is often better viewed as resting
ironically on metaphorical meaning (the train is very fast) than
metaphorically resting on ironic meaning (the train is far from
being a [literal] rocket). However, we discover that matters are
much messier than previously discussed. The reverse meaning
dependence can be supported; it can sometimes be preferable; and
there is parallel mixing, with irony and metaphor mutually
independent. Also, even when hearers do metaphoric processing mostly before
ironic processing, they can benefit from first of all detecting the
utterance’s ironicity. This in turn suggests metaphor processing
that involves contrast-based, as well as similarity-based,
mappings.
On figurative ambiguity, marking, and low-salience
meanings
Authors: Givoni Shir , Bergerbest Dafna , Giora Rachel
Published: November 2020

This paper discusses the phenomenon of marked
ambiguation, when more than one meaning of an ambiguity is
simultaneously applicable, and outlines an account for such marking
within the Low-Salience Marking Hypothesis.
According to this hypothesis, ambiguity markers (e.g.,
double entendre, in the full sense of the word)
boost meanings low on salience (Givoni, 2011; Givoni, Giora, and Bergerbest, 2013). Low-salience
meanings are meanings less frequent, less familiar, less
prototypical, and less conventional (Giora, 1997, 2003). Results from two experiments
conducted in Hebrew support the hypothesis. They show that marking
figurative polysemy results in higher preference and faster response
times for less-salient meanings, challenging modular (Fodor, 1983), literal-first
(Grice, 1975), and
underspecification (Frisson and
Pickering, 2001) accounts of lexical access.
Psycholinguistic approaches to figuration
Authors: Carrol Gareth
Published: November 2020

Figurative language provides a testing bed for
language processing in general, since it requires speakers to
utilize a sophisticated range of linguistic, pragmatic and cognitive
skills to derive an appropriate interpretation. The toolkit of
psycholinguistics, where precise measurements of behavioural
responses help to build a model of underlying cognitive processes,
can enrich our understanding of this complex topic. Two techniques
that have been fruitfully applied to the study of figurative
language are cross-modal priming and eye-tracking. Drawing on a
range of example studies from the literature, this chapter will
demonstrate how figurative language research can benefit from the
application of psycholinguistic techniques. It concludes with a
consideration of how experimental results can be interpreted against
existing theories and models.
Doing justice to the agential material*
Authors: Carpentier Nico
Published: November 2020

Discourse theory has always paid explicit attention to the material dimension of social reality, with, for instance, the dislocation concept attributing an active role to the material. Still, it lacks attention for the specificity of the material-as-material, and tends to attribute a privileged position to the discursive as provider of meaning to these materials. This article argues that there is a need for a critical dialogue between discourse theory and new materialism, leading to the development of non-hierarchical approaches towards the discursive and the material realms. One particular approach, a model that is labelled the discursive-material knot, is proposed and developed in this article. This model expands the discourse-theoretical vocabulary so as to include bridging concepts such as invitation, investment and entextualisation. Moreover, it also allows for the development of new discursive-material research agendas, one of which, in relation to the environment and human-animal relations, is discussed.
“Universal” readings of perfects and iamitives in typological
perspective
Authors: Dahl Östen
Published: November 2020

In Dahl &
Wälchli (2016), we investigate the relationship between
perfects and iamitives – i.e. items whose semantics combines
features of perfects and words like already – using
statistical techniques on data from a multilingual parallel corpus
of Bible texts. This paper looks at the same grammatical domain with
focus on so-called “universal readings” of perfects, several
different subtypes are identified and the cross-linguistic variation
of the distribution of perfects and iamitives as well as other kinds
of marking within them is studied. The types looked at are
combinations with adverbs labeled as duration-quantifying
(for three hours), left-boundary indicating
(since Monday), and universally quantifying
adverbials (always). An overt marking may be
already-related, a non-already-related perfect or non-perfect. In
duration-quantifying and left-boundary contexts, both
already-related and non-already-related markings are found with
variable frequency and zero-marking is common, but already-related
markings in general seldom appear together with perfects. Zero
marking is common. In universally quantifying contexts
already-related marking is rare, but languages in which
non-already-markings are otherwise optional or obligatory tend to
use them obligatorily here.
Perfect and its relatives in Atayal
Authors: Gorbunova Irene
Published: November 2020

This paper is a result of a
typologically-oriented study of the Atayal TMA system. The data is
approached under the framework of the TMA Questionnaire of Dahl (1985). Five markers
that are found in the perfect-related contexts of the Questionnaire
are described in more detail. For each marker it is suggested which
cross-linguistic category type it might represent and how this
language-specific realization fits into known typology for the
category.
The rise of the periphrastic perfect tense in the continental
West Germanic languages
Authors: Broekhuis Hans
Published: November 2020

This article adopts the traditional claim in
Dutch linguistics that periphrastic perfect-tense constructions
gradually developed out of copular-like constructions with
have and be. It argues that this development
was made possible by the introduction of two morphological rules.
The first rule derives verbal (event-denoting) participles from
adjectival (property-denoting) participles, which gave rise to
periphrastic perfect-tense constructions with transitive and
mutative intransitive verbs. At a later stage this rule was replaced
by a rule (still productive in present-day Dutch) that derives
verbal participles from verbal stems, as a result of which the
periphrastic perfect tense spread to non-mutative intransitive
verbs. The article concludes by showing that this account is
superior to Coussé’s
(2008) flexible user-based account within the
constructionist framework, which rejects the categorial distinction
between adjectival and verbal participles.
On the emergence of auxiliary selection in Germanic
Authors: Larsson Ida
Published: November 2020

This paper is concerned with the development of
auxiliary selection in Germanic, i.e. the alternation between
have and be in perfects depending on the type
of lexical verb. It is argued that all of the Germanic languages
first develop a perfect of the modern English type, with
have as the only auxiliary used with all types of
verbs. This early Germanic have-perfect disallowed
positional past time adverbials in the present perfect, and perfect
doubling (see Larsson &
Brandner to appear). In a later development, German,
Dutch, and Danish developed a new perfect with auxiliary selection,
a more extended use of the present perfect, and perfect doubling. It
is suggested that this development is a consequence of the further
grammaticalization of the auxiliary into a semantically weaker
element, spelled out as either have or be (cf.
Kayne 1993). The
emergence of the new perfect leads to competition between two types
of perfects, and to a gradual spread of the new perfect which can be
observed in the historical records.
Chromosome segregation during female meiosis in C. elegans: A tale of pushing and pulling
Authors: Taylor Samuel J.P. , Pelisch Federico
Published: November 2020

The role of the kinetochore during meiotic chromosome segregation in C. elegans oocytes has been a matter of controversy. Danlasky et al. (2020. J. Cell. Biol.https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202005179) show that kinetochore proteins KNL-1 and KNL-3 are required for early stages of anaphase during female meiosis, suggesting a new kinetochore-based model of chromosome segregation.
Terahertz pulse emission from photoexcited bulk crystals of transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Nevinskas I , Norkus R , Geižutis A , Kulyuk L , Miku A , Sushkevich K , Krotkus A
Published: November 2020

Multilayer MoS2, MoSe2, and WSe2 crystals were excited with femtosecond optical pulses of various wavelengths. The emitted terahertz (THz) radiation pulses were found to be the most intense at photon energies coinciding with the direct energy gap at the K points of the Brillouin zone of corresponding materials. It was shown that the transition metal dichalcogenides of different dopant type emit THz pulses of opposite polarity, suggesting that the surface field plays a role in THz emission. Nevertheless, the optical pump–THz probe experiments contradicted THz emission observations, demonstrating a decrease in photoconductivity at higher energy quanta. The proposed THz pulse generation mechanism, therefore, assumes the accumulation of excitonic electric dipoles during optical pulse absorption and a fast build-up of the internal electric field inside the samples. This assumption was supported by double optical pulse investigations.
A robust visual odometry based on RGB-D camera in dynamic indoor environments
Authors: Zhang Fangfang , Li Qiyan , Wang Tingting , Ma Tianlei
Published: November 2020

To solve the accurate positioning problem of mobile robots, simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) or visual odometry (VO) based on visual information are widely used. However, most visual SLAM or VO cannot meet the accuracy requirements in dynamic indoor environments. This paper proposes a robust visual odometry based on deep learning to eliminate feature points matching error. However, when a camera and dynamic objects are in relative motion, the frames of camera will produce ghosting, especially in high-dynamic environments, which bring additional positioning error; in view of this problem, a novel method based on the average optical flow value of the dynamic region is proposed to identify feature points of the ghosting, and then the feature points of the ghosting and dynamic region are removed. After the remaining feature points are matched, we use a non-linear optimization method to calculate the pose. The proposed algorithm is tested on TUM RGB-D dataset, and the results show that our VO improves the positioning accuracy than other robust SLAM or VO and is strongly robust especially in high-dynamic environments.
Waveguide-integrated niobium- nitride detectors for on-chip quantum nanophotonics
Authors: Mattioli Francesco , Cibella Sara , Gaggero Alessandro , Martini Francesco , Leoni Roberto
Published: November 2020

NbN-based detectors can detect light from the granular regime (single or few photons) up to weak continuous photon fluxes at wavelengths ranging from visible light up to mid-IR. The article reports our recent results on a novel linear detector, the waveguide-integrated hot electron bolometer (HEB) capable to measure photon fluxes of large coherent beams in a regime in which superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) are not efficient due to their strong nonlinearity. SNSPDs, photon number resolving detectors and amplitude multiplexing readout schemes, all integrated on photonic circuits are also discussed in the paper. The compatibility of the integrated HEB detectors with the SNSPDs technology can allow the characterization of complex non classical states of light within the same chip.
Research on the Key Technology of Embedded Nylon Casing in Tunnel by Mining Method
Authors: Ke Ming
Published: November 2020

The embedded nylon sleeve is a technology of embedding reinforced nylon sleeve in the concrete structure to install and fix the mechanical and electrical equipment system. This paper takes the first phase of Urumqi Metro Line 2 as an example, it introduces the design scheme of embedded nylon casing, and analyzes the stress state of the structure under the condition of embedded nylon casing and no embedded through numerical simulation. The theoretical calculation and pull-out test of nylon sleeve are carried out, It is concluded that the pull-out bearing capacity of the embedded nylon sleeve can reach 50kN, which can meet the requirements of later equipment installation. The successful application of this technology, It breaks through the technology of using expansion bolt to fix the equipment installation and reduces the impact of later installation on civil structure, Therefore, it is a great significance to promote the application in urban rail transit.
Study on Preparation and Filtration Effect of Plant Polysaccharide Aerogel Filter Rod
Authors: Wang Hao , Zheng Han , Tian Yuan , Wang Xu , Tian Yongfeng , Zhan Jianbo , Fu Rongrong
Published: November 2020

Environmental friendly and biodegradable plant polysaccharide aerogel filter rods were prepared, and their degradation rate and influence rule under different environmental conditions were investigated. Micro morphology observation and mechanical properties research were carried out. The results showed that Konjac Glucomannan (KGM) had a significant effect on the micro morphology of gelatin aerogel. When KGM was added, the structure of aerogel changed obviously, and the pore size decreased and better pore structure appeared. The optimal ratio of KGM and gelatin is 1:2. The filtration efficiency of K1G2 aerogel is 45.35% for particles with a particle size of 0.3 μm and above. With the increase of particle size, the filtration efficiency of aerogel for particles increases. The filtration resistance is 30 Pa. The permeability of K1G2 aerogel is better.
Cracking Failure Analysis on 316L Stainless Steel Elbow
Authors: Hu Jiakun , Ren Facai , Fu Chunxia
Published: November 2020

The 316L stainless steel elbow used in the pulse soot blower cracked during service, and the cracking occurred at the maximum bending radius of the elbow. There is no obvious plastic deformation at crack and there is much rust deposit on the inner elbow wall of cracked elbow. In order to avoid similar accidents, the methods such as chemical composition analysis, microstructure analysis and crack pattern scanning are adopted to analyze crack reason. The results show that stress corrosion is the main reason to cause crack of 316L stainless steel elbow.
Fracture Failure Analysis on a Bolt
Authors: Fu Chunxia , Ren Facai , Hu Jiakun
Published: November 2020

A bolt used in the production equipment broke during the use. This paper analyzes the root cause of bolt fracture. Through the analysis on the chemical composition, mechanical properties, microstructure, micro morphology and micro area composition of the broken bolt, it is considered that the physical and chemical properties of the bolt meet the requirements of the standard. Because of the existence of machining cracks, the bolt is affected by the stress in the use process, resulting in fatigue fracture.
Precision grinding process for gyro motor shaft of dynamic pressure air bearing
Authors: Sun Luqing , Xie Jinghao
Published: November 2020

There are some problems of low accuracy, low efficiency and high cost in the precision machining for gyro motor shaft of dynamic pressure air bearing with high hardness and high brittleness, for the above questions, the research of high precision grinding technology is carried out. Firstly, the diamond grinding wheel is designed by studying the influence of different parameters on workpiece shape, surface quality and specific grinding energy, etc. Secondly, through the orthogonal test, the optimum process parameters affecting the surface roughness, roundness and cylindricity of motor shaft are determined. Finally, the grinding experiments of 20 motor shafts are completed by using the optimal parameters. The results showed that the qualified motor shaft with roundness 0.09μm, cylinder 0.32μm and roughness(Ra) 0.037μm is obtained when the workpiece speed is 308r/min, feed rate is 0.003m/min and grinding depth is 1μm.
Effect of water glass on setting time and mechanical properties of fly ash slag geopolymer
Authors: Du Tianling , Liu Yin
Published: November 2020

In this paper, the effects of different modulus and content of water glass(sodium silicate solution) on the setting time and mechanical properties of geopolymer were studied, and the internal reaction mechanism was analyzed. Studies show that the setting time (initial setting and final setting) of fly ash slag geopolymers increases with the rise of the modulus of sodium silicate solution, and the compressive strength increases first and then decreases with the rise of the modulus. The optimal modulus range is 1.2 ~ 1.5. With the increase of the water glass content, the setting time of the slurry material becomes shorter. When the water glass content increases to more than 20%, the compressive strength tends to decrease. This article analyzes the hydration and solidification reaction process of the polymer of fly ash slag geopolymer under water glass excitation.
Vibration testing and processing technology optimization of groove machine for large diameter oil and gas pipeline
Authors: Tie Yin , Baoqiang Zhang , Qi Yang , Hong Zhao , Changjiang Wang
Published: November 2020

The shape modulating machine for the large-diameter oil & gas pipeline is the main component of the automatic welding equipment of oil & gas pipelines, and is mainly used for pipe processing groove at the construction site. The groove quality of the pipe end directly affects the difficulty and quality of automatic welding. Engineering application shows that one of the main factors affecting the quality of pipe groove processing is the mechanical vibration of the shape modulating machine. Taking the CPP900-FM4048 shape modulating machine produced by Pipeline Science Research Institute Co., Ltd as the research object of the study, analyzing the vibration test under different working conditions, finding out the main vibration source and analyzing the cause of vibration main frequency components. The feed pressure, tension pressure, cutter velocity, feed rate and tool arrangement during groove machining are optimized and precisely controlled to improve the accuracy of the pipe groove.
Effect of Different Puff Modes on Ash Condensation Performance of Cigarettes
Authors: Zheng Han , Wang Hao , Zhan Jianbo , Zhang Ying , Li Xiangzhen , Wang Xu
Published: November 2020

In this paper, ISO puff (CORESTA), Canada deep puff mode and Massachusetts puff mode are used to influence the appearance, ash index and ash column deviation of cigarette in the combustion process. The experimental results show that, in different puff modes, the condensation index of cigarette has little change, indicating that the condensation effect of cigarette paper is relatively stable, and the overall performance is good, but the deviation degree of cigarette ash column changes greatly, and the average difference of the results under different lens measurement is large, especially in the Massachusetts puff mode, the average difference between lenses is up to 1.1. The mean value of the coefficient of variation of the deviation of the ash column is 50%, which shows that the deviation of each measurement is quite different.
Effect of Variable Wheelset Steering Stiffness and Yaw Damper Damping on Hunting Stability
Authors: Zhang Lixin , Wang Qi , Yu Yunhai
Published: November 2020

Due to the track curvature and irregularities difference, a high-speed dedicated railway vehicle running on a high-speed railway cannot achieve a good dynamics performance when it is operated on an existing railway for conventional low-speed railway vehicle. Then an adaptive bogie which can adjust its suspension parameters, like the steering stiffness of wheelset and the damping of yaw damper, is regarded as a solution to make the high-speed train be operated on an existing railways. In this investigation, a highly nonlinear dynamics model of the adaptive bogie vehicle multi-body system is built to study the effects of wheelset steering stiffness and yaw damper damping on the vehicle dynamics. Both a straight track passing and curved tracks negotiating scenarios are considered to examine the expected range of stiffness and damping when the bogie was operated those two kinds of railways. It shows that reducing the steering stiffness of wheelset leads to a significant decrease in the critical speed of vehicle, and the critical speed of vehicle decreases significantly when the yaw damper damping is less than 500 kN⋅s/m. In case of wheel wear, the smaller the wheelset steering stiffness or the yaw damper damping is, the lower the critical speed of vehicle is. Through the analysis, the limit values of wheelset steering stiffness and yaw damper damping are proposed. When the adaptive bogie vehicle operates on the existing track, the lower limit values of wheelset steering stiffness and yaw damper damping are 12 MN/m and 200 kN⋅s/m respectively.
Shape Memory Characteristics in Welded SMA Alloys
Authors: Wang Wei
Published: November 2020

This paper mainly studies the laser welding properties of shape memory alloys. Phase transformation of the laser welded SMA alloys was investigated through XRD and DSC. The stress-strain behaviors and shape memory effects of the laser weld joints were investigated with tensile tests at room temperature or variable temperature, respectively. DSC test project is the result of the effect and influence of the test welding process on the heat affected zone. The results show that laser welding alloy is beneficial to the refinement of weld structure and improves the mechanical properties and shape memory of weld.
Application of semi-endless rolling technology in CSP production line
Authors: Zhou Feng , Chen Xuewen , Gao Jixiang , Li Liejun , Zhou Qing
Published: November 2020

The technical problems and relating reasons of semi-endless rolling were introduced in this paper. Regarding the problems, we carried out a series of improvement towards these problems. The application of semi-endless rolling got a great success.
Research on Innovative Application Technology of Thin-layer Rapid Repairing Materials in Damaged Passageways of Yard Cranes
Authors: Yanyan Dai , Jiahuan Yu , Qianting Yang
Published: November 2020

The number and severity of the damaged yard crane passageways on the wharfs are increasing year by year. Based on the research results of thin-layer repairing of the damaged passageways of yard cranes at home and abroad in recent years, this paper analyzes the characteristics and hazards of thin-layer disease of concrete pavement and measures the mechanical properties and durability of thin-layer rapid repair materials through setting time test, mechanical test, abrasion resistance test and frictional coefficient test. It is concluded that its properties can meet the requirements of thin-layer repairing technology, and some engineering examples of thin-layer rapid repair are listed in this paper.
Study on the Application of Graphene Polymer Material in Sports Equipment
Authors: Fu Baoyan , Gao Jianxin
Published: November 2020

With the continuous development of science and the level of modern sports, scientists and sports workers all over the world have realized the importance of the application of new materials in sports equipment. Through the analysis of graphene rubber and graphene fiber, we have found the function of graphene rubber and graphene fiber in some fields. These materials include graphene rubber composites, graphene fiber composites and graphene magnesium matrix composites which can be used in the field of sports equipment. So we should further explore the application prospect of graphene polymer materials in sports equipment. By using the methods of literature, comparison and qualitative analysis, this paper takes the graphene rubber composite polymer material and the graphene fiber composite polymer material as the research object, and applies the graphene technology to the sports equipment such as shoes, rackets, bicycles, etc. The analysis of existing graphene technology can theoretically explore the application of graphene technology in sports equipment, realize the organic combination of graphene field and sports field at the theoretical level, and promote the application of graphene technology in sports field.
Study on Synthesis and Performance of Low-bleeding Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer
Authors: Guangxing Lai , Jianli Yin , Yunhui Fang , Shuyi Lai
Published: November 2020

A low-bleeding polycarboxylate superplasticizer was synthesized by using 4-hydroxybutyl vinyl polyoxyethylene ether (VPEG) as the macromonomer and unsaturated polyhydroxy compound (BD) as the functional monomer. The synthesis conditions were optimized by single factor method. The structure of the polymer was characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and the properties of the synthesized samples were examined using paste, mortar and concrete. The results showed that when the BD content was 2.0%, the polycarboxylate superplasticizer PCE-HR had better comprehensive properties. Compared with the standard polycarboxylate superplasticizer PCE-S, PCE-HR had excellent performance in water retention, slump protection and reinforcement.
Application of Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) As Thermosensitive Smart Materials
Authors: He Wen , Ma Yefei , Gao Xing , Wang Xiaoxia , Dai Xia , Song Jibing
Published: November 2020

Drug delivery systems refer to a technical system capable of comprehensively regulating the distribution of drugs in a living body in terms of time, space and dose. As thermosensitive smart materials, Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) is an ideal treatment platform for the development of drug delivery systems. This article focuses on the application of various thermally sensitive smart materials such as nanoparticles, nanofibers, hydrogels, and self-assembled micelles in drug delivery systems prepared by PNIPAM in recent years. The future development of PNIPAM thermosensitive smart materials is also discussed.
Preparation and Properties of Solvent-induced Discoloration Polydiacetylene Sensors
Authors: Wang Hui , Yu Jiaxin , Li Yancheng , He Wen , Han Li , Gong Weijuan
Published: November 2020

Polydiacetylene (PDA) films were prepared from 10, 12-pentacosadiynoic acid monomers by 1, 4-addition polymerization. The PDA sensors had different discoloration properties for different solvents. With the increase of time, the appearance color of the sensor changed from blue to red. The fluorescence properties of the films were studied by fluorescence spectra. There was no fluorescence phenomenon in blue-phase PDA, but there was fluorescence phenomenon in red-phase PDA film. The fluorescence signal peak appeared at 570 nm. In addition, the PDA polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film and PDA test paper were prepared with PVA and filter paper as substrates, and their properties were studied. The PDA test paper shows a better tendency to change color from blue to red to the solvent, and the discoloration can complete in 1 s.
Elastic Region of Continuous Medium
Authors: Wang Huanyou , Tan Qiaolai , Jin Gui
Published: November 2020

In this paper, the elastic region model of continuous medium is established, and their constitutive relations are determined in mathematical form. The geometric properties of the deformation of the continuous medium are studied, and the spatial position and direction of each part of the continuous medium caused by the deformation are determined. We emphasize that the thermodynamic basis of the displacement concept is a finite size equilibrium region and a quasi-static process. Just from the macro point of view, the main mechanical problem of continuous medium should be how to find out its stress-strain relationship reasonably within the framework of the ancient elastic theory. This complex mesoscopic analysis will help to understand the size and constitutive relation of materials parameters, but it will not change the basic structure of elastic theory.
The Application of Silicon Carbide in PCU
Authors: Li Jiangheng
Published: November 2020

The development of new energy vehicles has brought unlimited possibilities for the development of the automotive industry. One of the critical components is the Power Control Unit (PCU) in the motor. Nowadays, silicon-based power semiconductors no longer meet the needs of today’s new energy vehicles, so siliconized synthetic materials has become the development direction. This paper briefly introduces the vital role of PCU in EV / HEV and analyzes the significance of new materials in this field.
Flow Stress Modeling using the Material Constitutive Model of Modified Zerilli-Armstrong
Authors: Yu Hong , Shao Zhenzhen , Ren Facai
Published: November 2020

The high temperature compression tests of 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel under the deformation conditions at the temperatures between 1000°C and 1150°C with strain rates between 0.01s−1 and 10s−1 were carried out by using the Gleeble simulator. A new material constitutive model of modified Zerilli-Armstrong to predict 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel flow stress behavior was developed.
Residual stress and deformation analysis on thermal shrink-fitted joint in the semi built-up marine crankshaft
Authors: Duan Jianguo , Long Xintao , Zhang Qinglei
Published: November 2020

Interference and deformation of the shrink fitting connection have a significant influence on the local stress state at the contact area. To improve its assembly quality, an optimized induction heating method with an arc-shaped frame coil and a cylinder type coil was developed. The effects of shrink fitting parameters such as residual contact stress and dimensional deformation were researched using finite element analysis (FEA). A thermal-structure coupling model of crankshaft shrink fitting was built, and contact stress evaluations of the measurement points in the shrinkage were obtained by numerical simulation. In addition, contact stress and deformation analysis under different interferences were also carried out to determine the range of values. The simulation and comparative analysis results show that the optimized multiple induction heating method with an arc-shaped frame coil and a cylinder type coil would be helpful to improve the uniformity and sustainability of contact.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of B4C ceramics by spark plasma sintering
Authors: Song Qi , Zhang Zhaohui , Liu Luojin , Hu Zhengyang , Wang Hao
Published: November 2020

B4C ceramics with the addition of (2.5 % (Ti3SiC2+Si) +2.5 % CeO2+5 % ZrO2) and (2.5 % (Ti3SiC2+Si) +2.5 % La2O3+5 % ZrO2) as sintering aid were fabricated by spark plasma sintering process at 1650 °C by applying 80 MPa pressure. The second phases produced by chemical reaction and the mechanical properties of these two ceramics were analysed detailed. The as-sintered ceramics exhibited good comprehensive mechanical properties, including the flexural strength of 485.8 MPa and 493.4 MPa, the fracture toughness of 4.9 MPa⋅m0.5 and 5.4 MPa⋅m0.5 as well as the Vickers hardness of 34.2 GPa and 34.8 GPa, due to the reduction of grain sizes, the formation of second phases and the energy dissipation resulted from the intergranular fracture.