bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Designing Parking Lot Finder Application
Authors: Soegoto E S , Indra M
Published: August 2020

This study aims to create an application design that can provide information about the available location for parking lot users. Therefore, it is expected to reduce the effect of searching an available parking lot, such as traffic congestion and illegal parking. Literature study and object-oriented analysis and design were used as methods for this study. The results of this study were a design blueprint that could be used to build an application. The application was used for users search the locations of available parking lot nerby them or their destination using web or mobile web browser. Several ways can be used as a source of information about parking lot locations. First, parking lot owners can register their location. Second, users can submit parking locations and other users can verify the submitted location. Third, the government or local police can provide data regarding the parking area, for example, certain roads that allowed for parking. Thus, this application can help users to find parking lot locations and make users more obedient whenever they try to park their vehicles by not violating traffic rules.
Design of Information System Human Resource Management
Authors: Novianti W , Qadri F
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this research is to design an information system for managing human resources in order to make it easier for managers to plan or make decisions. This study used qualitative research methods. The result was to design a web-based human resource management information system that made the management of human resources easier and faster. The human resource management information system allows employees who work outside the office to be able to do attendance remotely and managers can manage data on the attendance of existing employees.
Pavement Design using Environmentally Friendly Porous Concrete
Authors: Sir B S , Setiana S M
Published: August 2020

This study aims to analyze sidewalks in big cities and small towns, which is an important thing in designing urban road order. This research used descriptive qualitative method, which is done by collecting data from literature studies that support the theory of porous concrete. Based on the data obtained, the results showed that porous concrete has a compressive strength that is dependent on the size of the aggregate, cement water factor, and levels of additive substances used, with the highest compressive strength obtained in the study is 153kg / cm2; and is able to drain water between 69 –113 litres/minute per m2;. It was concluded that porous concrete can be used as an environmentally friendly material, a construction that can withstand light loads and does not meet the pavement specifications for the road body because it has a flexural tensile strength and low compressive strength value, so that porous concrete can only be used as an open parking area, shoulder or pedestrian.
Application of Hec-Ras Technology to Irrigation and Water Building in Agricultural Businesses
Authors: Kurniawan B , Sasmita F S , Alviana S
Published: August 2020

This study aims to help irrigate agricultural land using technology. This writing used descriptive method by analyzing the use of an irrigation system, which makes it easier for agricultural landowners in the irrigation process of the land. The results of this paper are building technology irrgation is suitable for irrigation needs of an agricultural land. After getting a survey directly from the location of the study and interviewing several local farmers, with the existence of irrigation channels and water structures, the water needs of a land can be easily fulfilled. The income from the land is increasing little by little, so that land owners have no more trouble getting water to meet their land needs. Therefore, it can be concluded that using this system technology can help design the flow of water on irrigation channels that function to irrigate agricultural land to meet their needs. So that the fulfilment of agricultural land water needs through irrigation can increase the income of the economy in that area.
Information System Application for Palm Oil and Rubber Plantation Sales
Authors: Nugraha P , Tawami T
Published: August 2020

This study aims to determine the role of the information system in the sale and purchase of oil palm and rubber plantations. This research used a descriptive method to explain the problems faced by the community in applying application technology to improve sales quality. The results of this study showed that the P&R Plantation application can be a medium to improve the quality of sales and purchases in the field of oil palm and rubber plantations. This application also can help community empowerment.
Decision Support System for Public Transportation Selection
Authors: Soegoto D S , Ramadhani P
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this research is to give an advice related to the transportation inspection by using a decision support system. Literature study, observation, system design, and system testing were used as methods in this research. With this method, we can create a system that can support the decision of the rhamp check officer to determine the proper transportation to operate. The result of this research is obtaining the data about the criteria used as a reference in making decisions about the feasibility of vehicle operations. The creation of a decision support system is very important because it can provide an accurate picture of the condition of a vehicle based on the results of a check rhamp as a decision support for choosing road-worthy transportation. From this problem the author want to create a system that name is “Decision Support System Public Transport Feasibility”
E-Wallet as a Payment Instrument in the Millennial Era
Authors: Soegoto D S , Tampubolon M P
Published: August 2020

This research aims to find out the role of E-Wallet as a payment instrument in the millennial era. This research used a descriptive qualitative method to describe the role of E-Wallets as an instrument of payment in the millennial era. Digital payments or commonly referred to as mobile payments is an innovation of technological evolution, especially in the financial sector. The results of these technological innovations, one of which were an electronic wallet or commonly abbreviated as the E-Wallet. Currently, E-Wallet is commonly used by those who are in their productive age. High usability is one of the back screens that makes E-Wallet increasingly in demand by many people. The results showed that quite several people were able to understand the use of E-Wallet and began using it in their daily trading activities.
Development of Enterprise Resource Planning using Blockchain
Authors: Komala A R , Gunanda I
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this research is to examine the possibility of using blockchain as a medium to operate ERP. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method to present a complete picture of the situation related to some of the variable situations examined. The results of this study are ways to identify whether blockhain is suitable for implementation with ERP. This research was conducted by discussing the performance, the level of resource used, and the effects caused if blockchain is used as a medium for the operation of ERP.
Effect of Activation Code / Encryption Code on Digital Goods on Digital Right Management
Authors: Gifar A , Purnomo H
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this research is to study the benefits of using activation codes for digital products in marketing. In this study, we used a descriptive method. An activation code is a code that can protect a product from unauthorized users so that digital products can only be used by users who have permission to use the product. The results of this research are in the form of the development of the use of strategies to protect digital product licenses by using an activation code. This code can only be obtained from certain parties who are from existing products, therefore, those who do not have the power to a product cannot provide access to products that do not belong to them. From the results, we can conclude that digital products, which are owned by the brand can only be used by the activation code given by the brand after the user requests permission from the brand either by buying or asking for permission.
Utilization of Information and Communication Technology in Agriculture
Authors: Gaol T V L , Gustira M R
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the benefits of ICTs to support agricultural development. This study used qualitative research methods. The results of this study are, the application of ICT in the agricultural sector can reduce risk in business in agriculture. Because the presence of ICTs in the agricultural industry can make predictions more accurately, with various sources and decision support systems and expert systems that can be developed to support farmers in the decision-making process. This research was conducted to find out how influential the role of information and communication technology (ICT) is in the agricultural industry.
Utilizing Technology of Dynamic Faces on Buildings
Authors: Fattah D P M , Kurniasih D
Published: August 2020

This research aims to describe utilizing the technology of dynamic faces on buildings. It used a descriptive method for depicting dynamic facades and literature review. This research described that the development nowadays is getting faster and receiving many demands for job simplification. It is the same as in building materials called material technology. This technology emerged because of the insistence on human needs and awareness of taking care for the environment. One of them is a dynamic facade which has a futuristic concept that uses sophisticated technology yet environment friendly. With the dynamic facade, it is expected to be an educational material for the public to think more visionary and care for the environment. The dynamic facade is also very helpful to humans in terms of saving human labour. The results of this study were that buildings could integrate with the environment and utilize abundant natural resources.
The Efficiency of Steel Material as Buildings Construction
Authors: Putri S O , Firmansyah
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this paper is to inform the effectiveness of using steel construction in buildings nowadays with practicality and can minimize costs. This research used a qualitative analysis method by collecting data. The results of this research show that the use of steel construction materials is more effective, shortens the processing time, and can minimize costs in building construction. In conclusion, the transition steel construction is needed to reduce the current wood material and planting wood that is not balanced with the needs.
Architecture and Design in the Digital Age
Authors: Robinson R A , Tarmawan I
Published: August 2020

This paper aims to identify the existence of emerging trends in contemporary architecture called digital architecture. Based on the latest literature on the intensive use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Indonesian architectural practices, the article shows how this technology change people’s behavior in the past decade has contributed to a real revolution in this field by building a new paradigm of conceptualizing, developing and implementing architectural products. This study used descriptive method to present a complete picture of social settings or intended for exploration and clarification of a phenomenon or social reality by describing a number of variables relating to the problem and the unit under study between the phenomena tested. The result of this study showed the importance of updating project professionals in the field of digital technology and a thorough review of the architecture school curriculum in the sense of removing the applied computer.
Smart Bike Sharing System as Sustainable Transportation
Authors: Warlina L , Hermawan Y A
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this study is to identify the bike-sharing system in Indonesia and its application for the prospect of sustainable transportation. This study used a descriptive method from secondary data as references for identifying and analyzing the system and application for sustainable transportation. The results of this study show that the bike-sharing system in two cities in Indonesia has different conditions. When comparing in the two cities, the bike-sharing in Yogyakarta seems to be more promising than in Bandung. The city government of Bandung needs to follow the success of Yogyakarta, in which the local government always improves the system and the facilities.
Synomorph of Behaviour Setting in Architecture Enhance the Green Design
Authors: Abioso Wanita Subadra
Published: August 2020

This paper intends to discover how the synomorph of behaviour setting in architecture could enhance the green design, with respect to space usage satisfaction and idleness of space. This research carried out through desk study and descriptive methods, as continuation of author earlier researches. Behaviour setting of a space exists as soon as a synomorph (same in structure and shape) between standing pattern of behaviour of user and physical milieu of space meet in circumjacent, a kind of fittingness. Barker developed behaviour–setting theory to explain small – scale social system, as well as the study of behaviour in its natural environment. Barker defines behaviour setting as independent units of space, with temporal and spatial boundaries, that have great coercive power over the behaviour that occur within them. The synomorph occurs in a behaviour setting offering fittingness between behaviour and the setting that could enhance the setting. The aim of this study encourages the architects to always consider to achieve synomorph in their space designs; the synomorph besides could increase space user’s satisfaction as well the value of spaces so that architects could avoid the idle space as one of codes in the green design.
Designing Enterprise Architecture for Public Health Center Based on TOGAF Architecture Development Method
Authors: Putra Y P , Hadiana A
Published: August 2020

This study aims to build an integrated information system at the Curup Timur Health Center. Curup Timur Health Center does not yet have a Blueprint for designing integrated information systems. The method used to design architectural designs is based on the study of the TOGAF ADM literature. The steps applied in this design are the TOGAF ADM, including Preparation, Vision Architecture, Business Architecture, Information Systems Architecture, and Technology Architecture. This research produces a blueprint that will be used to support integrated business processes. The output from this stage will produce a company architecture that can later be used by organizations to support business processes and achieve their strategic goals. The conclusion of this study is that the company’s architecture design using TOGAF ADM can be used at the Curup Timur Health Center in accordance with the documents and processes that are running and can produce a blueprint of the company’s architecture at the east Curup Health Center which will improve overall health center services.
Identification on Urban Planning Alteration Due to Regional Otonomous in Cimahi
Authors: Adibowo R , Mahardika K
Published: August 2020

The purpose of planning a city is to harmonize public and individual interests. The city planned to properly allocate land effectively and efficiently. Urban planning is the art of predicting change, drawing on the strengths of physical, social, economic, and political aspects in determining a particular sector or location. In other words, the purpose of urban planning is to increase the harmony and comfort of the physical environment or to fulfil the satisfaction and happiness of its inhabitants. Based on the results of the discussion, that changes that occurred in the city of Cimahi before and after regional autonomy can be seen from the Regional Regulation (Perda) No. 4 of 2012 concerning Spatial Planning for the City of Cimahi. That is because there is a lot of physical development (infrastructure) in the city of Cimahi, such as the Retail Business District, department stores, smartshops, office buildings, clubs, hotels, economic, civil, political headquarters, and traditional markets that are connected with modern and other existing modern infrastructure in Cimahi. The implementated of regional regulations can provide a definite step for the municipal government of Cimahi in carrying out the performance of its government. This is because the government has an important role to identify changes in the existing spatial structure on urban planning alteration due to regional otonomous in cimahi.
Potential of Sea Passenger Movement Post Ports Development in Kepulauan Seribu
Authors: Mahardika K
Published: August 2020

This study aims to determine the potential movement of sea transport passengers in Kepulauan Seribu. This study used a quantitative approach and a descriptive method with a multiple linear regression analytical technique on transportation modelling. The data that is used for analytical based on data survey of 300 respondents that is randomly distributed. Based on the calculation of the trip generation and trip attraction of passengers and goods in each zone in Kepulauan Seribu Regency, it can be seen that the biggest trip generation and pull is in the Jakarta Zone. This is because the zone is a large city which is the center of activity of Kepulauan Seribu Regency Sea transportation so that most of the movement towards and originating from the Jakarta Zone. It is known that the largest value obtained from the OD Matrix for the next 20 years is 6,970 people per day for the movement from the Pulau Kelapa Zone to the Jakarta Zone, while the movement from the Jakarta zone to the Pulau Kelapa Zone is 6,970 people per day. Based on the results of this study it can be seen that the level of passenger travel for sea modes found in Kepulauan Seribu Regency has the potential to increase significantly.
Flood Control Reduction Analysis using HEC-RAS due to Local Floods in Central Jakarta
Authors: Pratiwi V , Yakti B P , Widyanto B E
Published: August 2020

There are two types of floods in Jakarta: upstream flooding and local flooding. In general, floods in DKI Jakarta are caused by local floods. The main cause of this flood is the occurrence of high rainfall, poor drainage system, and land subsidence. This study will analyse the local flood that occurred in Gunung Sahari, Central Jakarta. Judging from the existing conditions, sedimentation occurs in the drainage channels. This sedimentation causes a reduction in the existing channel capacity. Based on a hydrological and channel capacity analysis, the existing drainage channels are designed based on annual rainfall i.e. return period 1-2 years, which is 133.10 mm/day. Flood modelling is done for existing conditions. Based on the results of modelling, floods that occur in locations between 50 cm - 100 cm. Due to dense housing conditions, widening and normalizing the channel is difficult. Therefore, flood reduction will be assisted by pumps. The pump will be installed in the downstream of the main drain, which is connected to Mati River. This pump is designed with a capacity of 0.5 m3 / sec. Based on the results of modelling, with a largest pump capacity of 0.5 m3/sec, flooding is only reduced by 5 cm - 7 cm. Due to the lack of effectiveness of the pump, retention ponds will be designed to reduce surface runoff. Retention ponds are designed with an area of 1 ha and a depth of 1.5 m. Modelling is done in the presence of a retention pond. With the addition of retention ponds, annual flooding for the 2-year return period on Gunung Sahari could be reduced. Therefore, the discharge that will be received by the drainage channel will be smaller than the capacity of the channel itself and the flood will be completely reduced.
Effect of Change in Land-use to High Pattern of Inundation on Sub-River System of Lowland Urban River
Authors: Hamim S. A. , Usman F.
Published: August 2020

Flooding is a temporal condition of surface water where the level and debit are exceeding a specific allowable limit. Urban city flooding is an effect of unbalance city environment related to regulation function. Vulnerability to increasing of population and change of land use at rural area and urbanisation to the flood-prone area, illegal shelter, land development on the water catchment area, increase in population density are the most common source of flooding on an urban area. This paper presents a study on the effect of changing in land use to high inundation pattern on river sub-system (SRS) of Bendung River in Palembang City. The data is taken based on a digital elevation model (DEM) generated from high point data set from a Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager (CASI) sensor. The model used in this study was a hydrological model using SMADA 6.0 and DUFLOW 3.6 for rainfall-runoff model and analysis of river system generating surface water profile. The ArcGIS was used to construct a surface water model related to DEM data to obtain inundated area, inundation maps, inundation height and geospatial analysis. Four scenarios are applied in this study area which was changing the type of land use to a green area, changing the type of land use to a settlement area, free up 30 m riverbank to a green area and free up 100 m riverbank to a green area. From this study, the change in runoff coefficient, C value does not significantly reduce the inundation area in the area with more than 80% relatively flat topography. Increase the C value by 10% resulted in an increase on the puddle area to 9.4%, while the flood area with an altitude of more than 1 m increased to 359%. The results of scenario with land used change 10% - 20%, contributed to the increase in the flood area of 9.4% - 12.1%. So that to reduce the high pattern inundation a structural approach combined with a non-structural approach should be enforced and implemented. Besides, land-use changes will be significant to reduce flooding when land consolidation is applied to a sub-river system (SRS).
Building Façade of the Architect Richard L.A. Schoemaker in Bandung
Authors: Martana S P , Yapsie J C , Abdurrahman  , Prasetyo F S , Syauqi I D N
Published: August 2020

Schoemaker is the first Professor of Architecture in Indonesia. His works are the basis of modern architectural design in Indonesia. The the aim of this work is to find out Schoemaker’s concepts through scruntinizing the facades of his work. An architectural survey method is used in collecting the architectural data among several Schoemaker’s buildings in Bandung. Artifact measuring is conducted to build the 3D models of each of his building works, to analyze the architectural thinking of his. The result is showing that Schoemaker is using many concepts of early Dutch Architects used, including the Indo-European Architecture, the Art Deco and in time, combining it with the ornaments, materials, and patterns of local tradition.
Maintenance Strategy Selection in Spinning Mills Industry Using Fuzzy AHP
Authors: Sianturi Gabriel , Riyanto Agus , Maulana Racka
Published: August 2020

The aim of this paper is to develop a multi-criteria decision making based on the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy AHP) to select the best maintenance strategy for a spinning mill industry. The maintenance process can enhance reliability, quality of the products, cost, and other aspects. Therefore, the selection of appropriate maintenance strategies is a critical issue for manufacturers. Fuzzy AHP approach is proposed as the selection problem includes uncertainties and difficulty in evaluating alternatives and criteria with definite expressions. The process of decision making involves the comparison of three alternatives of feasible maintenance strategy which are corrective maintenance, periodic maintenance, and predictive maintenance. Each alternative is evaluated against criteria according to the priorities of the decision-makers. The criteria are feasibility, cost, reliability, safety and production quality. The result shows that reliability is the most important criterion with the weight of 0.309, followed by safety (0.235), quality (0.193), cost (0.190), and feasibility (0.074). Periodic maintenance has the highest alternative with a total score of 0.423 and it is ranked first, predictive maintenance is ranked second with a score of 0.355, and corrective maintenance has the lowest rank with a score of 0.222. According to the results, periodic maintenance is chosen as the best maintenance strategy. Finally, the proposed method is successfully applicable in maintenance strategy selection.
Designing Universal Smartphone Case with Solar Powered Chargers
Authors: Henny H , Purwadi D , Hardianto H , Widilestariningtyas O
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this research is to design a product to transform solar energy to electric energy that can be used to charge the battery of phones. Method used in this study is to design chargers that can be used anywhere is ulrich method. This method consists of some steps such as planning, developing a concept stage, planning system-level, detailed design, experiment, and improvement. The results are the charging process on a smartphone with a capacity of 1810 mAh battery is fully charged within 1 hour and 23 minutes. The output generated by the tool is 0.8 ampere and 5 volts. The price is below the maximum target specification that is worth 150,000. The conclusion of this research is the concept of designing universal smartphone case with solar powered chargers requires the stages of elimination and filtering to produce a solar smartphone case that is made of brecket also using a solar powered converter and power transport mode such as USB female port. The impact of this charger is the product can be used by people that likes to go to nature.
Integrated dry poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate electrodes on finished textiles for continuous and simultaneous monitoring of electrocardiogram, electromyogram and electrodermal activity
Authors: Sinha Sneh K , Posada-Quintero Hugo F , Noh Yeonsik , Allen Christopher , Daniels Robert , Chon Ki H , Sloan Laurie , Sotzing Gregory A
Published: August 2020

Herein, screen printed electrodes prepared from commercially available conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate have been shown to record simultaneous electromyogram (EMG), electrocardiogram (ECG), and electrodermal activity (EDA) from a spandex t-shirt sleeve in dry state. Secondly, electrodes printed on an arm sleeve recorded EMG during muscle contraction and were compared to commercial Ag/AgCl electrodes that use hydrogel. Thirdly, the printed electrodes have been shown to be stable to ten washes with detergent and ten dry cycles upon treatment with commercially sold fabric protectors with ECG signals being recorded in underwater conditions from wrist. Lastly, EDA was measured from fingers by recording changes in skin conductance brought about by cognitive stress. This use of integrated sensors on a t-shirt provides a tool for continuous and simultaneous measurement of vital signals in at-risk patients.
Wetness controls on global chemical weathering
Authors: Calabrese Salvatore , Porporato Amilcare
Published: August 2020

The formation of soils, the evolution of the biosphere, and the CO2 content in the atmosphere are strongly impacted by chemical weathering. Due to its manifold importance for the long-term stability of the Critical Zone, it is crucial to link weathering rates to the environmental conditions affecting it and develop accurate rate laws for landscape evolution and carbon cycle modeling. Here we use the π theorem of dimensional analysis to provide a theoretical framework to global datasets of weathering rates. As a result, a strong relation between chemical depletion, precipitation and potential evapotranspiration synthesizes the primary role of wetness. Based on this finding, we estimate the spatial distribution of chemical depletion fraction and find that, globally, soils are 50% chemically depleted, 61% of the land is in kinetic-limited conditions, while only 1% is supply-limited. The remaining 38% of the land is in a transitional regime and susceptible to changes in wetness.
Distributed focus and digital zoom
Authors: Pang Wubin , Brady David J
Published: August 2020

We explore integrated microcamera focus systems for array cameras. Array cameras enable wide field of view 90° to 360° high resolution (10–100 μrad) imaging with small exit apertures (≈10 mm). Small exit apertures enable compact focus mechanisms with fast actuators. We show that a common mechanism supports ≈f/2.5 camera modules with focal lengths ranging from 25 to 60 mm. Designs for each focal length include a fixed objective lens group and an adjustable back focus group. Increasing the focal power of the front focal group enables the travel range to accommodate long focal length systems. We present design examples for both discrete and multiscale array camera systems.
Detection of high sensitive acoustic region for sensible applications of electrospinning based PVDF-TrFE nanofiber sensor
Authors: Kibria Fazle , Rahman Wahida , Patra Sankar Narayan
Published: August 2020

Cardinal amount of assessment has been vested on using Polyvinylidene Fluoride-co-Trifluoroethylene (PVDF-TrFE) electrospinning based nanofibers for subtle applications as acoustic sensor. In the current course of experiment, utilizing electron, proton and ionic conductive properties of the PVDF-TrFE co-polymers in conjunction with aluminum (Al) and copper (Cu) as electrodes, demonstrates strong acoustic to electric conversion ability within the audible frequency range of 30 Hz to 15 KHz and fortuitously, sensitive acoustic region has been commended for intricate medical applications. Furthermore, enhanced sensitivity was observed due to advance charge polarization by using Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) wrapped on the fabricated device. The standard β-Phasic Perovskite polymer sensor with a sensing congregation can relay convergent sound directly to the nanofiber layer and the resultant sensitivity shows as high as 11 VPa−1 at 40 Hz to 60 Hz incident frequency of normal conversation, which can be efficacious for developing high-performance acoustic based biomedical sensors.
Sex steroids and glucocorticoid ratios in Iberian lynx hair
Authors: Azevedo Alexandre , Wauters Jella , Kirschbaum Clemens , Serra Rodrigo , Rivas António , Jewgenow Katarina
Published: August 2020

Knowledge on species’ reproductive biology is a fundamental pre-requisite of every conservation effort, but is often lacking. Sex steroids can provide valuable information for the assessment of reproductive success, whereas glucocorticoids are used to assess adrenocortical activity and stress-related bodily adaption. However, due to their perilous condition, access to animals is often difficult, which makes hormone measurement in non-invasively collected hair samples an attractive option. We determined cortisol, cortisone, corticosterone, testosterone and progesterone in Iberian lynx hair using enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Cross-validation was performed with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Finally, we statistically evaluated the variations of sex steroids and glucocorticoids according to age, sex, origin, behavior and management. All steroids except corticosterone were detectable in Iberian lynx hair. Hair progesterone measured by EIA was overestimated by cross-reaction with 5α-dihydroprogesterone, a biologically active gestagene, and was highly correlated with HPLC-MS/MS results. Progesterone was higher in adult females compared to all other age-sex groups. Cortisol measured by EIA was overestimated due to antibody cross-reactivity with cortisone and was correlated to the sum of HPLC-MS/MS measurements for cortisol and cortisone. Cortisol was higher in females than in males measured by HPLC-MS/MS, but the EIA results were confounded by the lack of specificity. When using cortisol-cortisone and cortisol-dihydroepiandrosterone ratios, differences were noted between wild-caught and captive-bred lynxes. Additionally, longitudinal EIA measurements of an Iberian lynx after a wildfire showed an inversion of the cortisol-cortisone ratio that later subsided. These results validate the use of hair progesterone measurement for Iberian lynx reproductive monitoring and add to the growing evidence supporting the need for a more comprehensive approach to hair steroid measurement that accounts for local interconversion and co-regulation mechanisms.
The Effect of Trusting and Trustworthy Environments on the Provision of Public Goods
Authors: Lo Iacono Sergio , Sonmez Burak
Published: August 2020

Trusting and trustworthy environments are argued to promote collective action, as people learn to rely on their fellow citizens and believe that only few individuals will free ride. To test the causal validity of this mechanism, we propose an experimental design that allows us to create different trusting and trustworthy conditions simply by (i) manipulating the incentive structure of an iterated binary trust game and (ii) allowing information to flow among participants. Findings indicate that, given a similar distribution of resources among subjects, trusting and trustworthy environments strongly foster the provision of public goods. This outcome is largely driven by a learning effect: subjects transfer what they assimilate during a sequence of dyadic exchanges to their decision to act for the collectivity. In particular, results showed that what we learn from the community has a relevant effect on our ability to overcome the free-rider problem: we are more likely to act for the collectivity when we learn from the community to be trustful or reliable in our one-to-one interactions. The same applies in the opposite direction: we are more prone to free ride when we learn from the environment to be distrustful or unreliable in our dyadic exchanges.
Calibration of a star formation and feedback model for cosmological simulations with enzo
Authors: Oh Boon Kiat , Smith Britton D , Peacock John A , Khochfar Sadegh
Published: August 2020

We introduce a new methodology for efficiently tuning sub-grid models of star formation and supernovae feedback in cosmological simulations and at the same time understanding their physical implications. Based on a set of 71 zoom simulations of a Milky Way (MW)-sized halo, we explore the feasibility of calibrating a widely used star formation and feedback model in the enzo simulation code. We propose a novel way to match observations, using functional fits to the observed baryon makeup over a wide range of halo masses. The model MW galaxy is calibrated using three parameters: the star formation efficiency (f*), the efficiency of thermal energy from stellar feedback (ϵ), and the region into which feedback is injected (r  and s). We find that changing the amount of feedback energy affects the baryon content most significantly. We then identify two sets of feedback parameter values that are both able to reproduce the baryonic properties for haloes between $10^{10}\, \mathrm{M_\odot }$ and $10^{12}\, \mathrm{M_\odot }$. We can potentially improve the agreement by incorporating more parameters or physics. If we choose to focus on one property at a time, we can obtain a more realistic halo baryon makeup. Contrasting both star formation criteria and the corresponding combination of optimal feedback parameters, we also highlight that feedback effects can be complementary: to match the same baryonic properties, with a relatively higher gas-to-stars conversion efficiency, the feedback strength required is lower, and vice versa. Lastly, we demonstrate that chaotic variance in the code can cause deviations of approximately 10 per cent and 25 per cent in the stellar and baryon mass in simulations evolved from identical initial conditions.
Kinetic beaming in radiative relativistic magnetic reconnection: a mechanism for rapid gamma-ray flares in jets
Authors: Mehlhaff J M , Werner G R , Uzdensky D A , Begelman M C
Published: August 2020

Rapid gamma-ray flares pose an astrophysical puzzle, requiring mechanisms both to accelerate energetic particles and to produce fast observed variability. These dual requirements may be satisfied by collisionless relativistic magnetic reconnection. On the one hand, relativistic reconnection can energize gamma-ray emitting electrons. On the other hand, as previous kinetic simulations have shown, the reconnection acceleration mechanism preferentially focuses high energy particles – and their emitted photons – into beams, which may create rapid blips in flux as they cross a telescope’s line of sight. Using a series of 2D pair-plasma particle-in-cell simulations, we explicitly demonstrate the critical role played by radiative (specifically inverse Compton) cooling in mediating the observable signatures of this ‘kinetic beaming’ effect. Only in our efficiently cooled simulations do we measure kinetic beaming beyond one light crossing time of the reconnection layer. We find a correlation between the cooling strength and the photon energy range across which persistent kinetic beaming occurs: stronger cooling coincides with a wider range of beamed photon energies. We also apply our results to rapid gamma-ray flares in flat-spectrum radio quasars, suggesting that a paradigm of radiatively efficient kinetic beaming constrains relevant emission models. In particular, beaming-produced variability may be more easily realized in two-zone (e.g. spine-sheath) set-ups, with Compton seed photons originating in the jet itself, rather than in one-zone external Compton scenarios.
MaBμlS-2: high-precision microlensing modelling for the large-scale survey era
Authors: Specht David , Kerins Eamonn , Awiphan Supachai , Robin Annie C
Published: August 2020

Galactic microlensing datasets now comprise in excess of 104 events and, with the advent of next-generation microlensing surveys that may be undertaken with facilities such as the Rubin Observatory (formerly LSST) and Roman Space Telescope (formerly WFIRST), this number will increase significantly. So too will the fraction of events with measurable higher order information, such as finite-source effects and lens–source relative proper motion. Analysing such data requires a more sophisticated Galactic microlens modelling approach. We present a new second-generation Manchester–Besançon Microlensing Simulator (MaBμlS-2), which uses a version of the Besançon population synthesis Galactic model that provides good agreement with stellar kinematics observed by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) towards the bulge. MaBμlS-2 provides high-fidelity signal-to-noise limited maps of the microlensing optical depth, rate and average time-scale towards a 400 deg2 region of the Galactic bulge in several optical to near-infrared pass-bands. The maps take full account of the unresolved stellar background, as well as limb-darkened source profiles. Comparing MaBμlS-2 with the efficiency-corrected OGLE-IV 8000 event sample shows a much improved agreement over the previous version of MaBμlS and succeeds in matching even small-scale structural features in the OGLE-IV event rate map. However, evidence remains for a small underprediction of the event rate per source and overprediction of the time-scale. MaBμlS-2 is available online (www.mabuls.net, Specht & Kerins) to provide on-the-fly maps for user-supplied cuts in survey magnitude, event time-scale and relative proper motion.
Rab27b contributes to radioresistance and exerts a paracrine effect via epiregulin in glioblastoma
Authors: Nishioka Soichiro , Wu Ping-Hsiu , Yakabe Toshiaki , Giaccia Amato J , Le Quynh-Thu , Aoyama Hidefumi , Shimizu Shinichi , Shirato Hiroki , Onodera Yasuhito , Nam Jin-Min
Published: August 2020

Background

Radiotherapy is the standard treatment for glioblastoma (GBM). However, radioresistance of GBM cells leads to recurrence and poor patient prognosis. Recent studies suggest that secretion factors have important roles in radioresistance of tumor cells. This study aims to determine whether Rab27b, a small GTPase involved in secretory vesicle trafficking, plays a role in radioresistance of GBM.

Methods

Microarray analysis, cell viability analysis, apoptosis assay, immunostaining, and in vivo experiments were performed to assess the effect of Rab27b on radioresistance of GBM. We further investigated paracrine effects mediated by Rab27b after X-ray irradiation using coculture systems of glioma cell lines.

Results

Rab27b was specifically upregulated in irradiated U87MG cells. Furthermore, Rab27b knockdown decreased the proliferation of GBM cells after irradiation. Knockdown of Rab27b in U87MG cells combined with radiation treatment suppressed orthotopic tumor growth in the mouse brain and prolonged the survival of recipient mice. Interestingly, the co-upregulation of Rab27b and epiregulin (EREG), a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family, correlated with radioresistance in glioma cell lines. Additionally, EREG, which was secreted from U87MG cells via Rab27b-mediated mechanism, activated EGF receptor and contributed to H4 cell proliferation in a paracrine manner.

Conclusions

Our results show that Rab27b mediates the radioresistance of highly malignant GBM cells. Rab27b promotes the proliferation of adjacent cells through EREG-mediated paracrine signaling after irradiation. Thus, the Rab27b-EREG pathway is a novel potential target to improve the efficacy of radiotherapy in GBM.
No Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 Seminal Shedding Despite SARS-CoV-2 Persistence in the Upper Respiratory Tract
Authors: Rawlings Stephen A , Ignacio Caroline , Porrachia Magali , Du Pinyi , Smith Davey M , Chaillon Antoine
Published: August 2020

RNA viruses (eg, Zika, Ebola, HIV) are often shed in male genital secretions. We evaluated the presence and level of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in semen, nasal secretion, and saliva collected after confirmed infection. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was not detected in semen 6–17 days after the onset of symptoms despite concomitant shedding in oral secretions.
Relativistic effects in the search for new intra-atomic force with isotope shifts
Authors: Tanaka Minoru , Yamamoto Yasuhiro
Published: August 2020

Isotope shift of atomic spectra is considered as a probe of new interaction between electrons and neutrons in atoms. We employ the method of seeking a breakdown of King’s linearity in the isotope shifts of two atomic transitions. In the present work, we evaluate the magnitudes of the nonlinearity using relativistic wave functions and the result is compared with that of nonrelativistic wave functions from our previous work. It turns out that the nonrelativistic calculation underestimates the nonlinearity owing to the new interaction in the mass range of the mediator greater than 1 MeV. Further, we find that the nonlinearity within the standard model of particle physics is significantly magnified by the relativistic effect in the $\text{p}_{1/2}$ state. To get rid of this obstacle in the new physics search, we suggest avoiding $\text{p}_{1/2}$ and that e.g. $\text{p}_{3/2}$ should be used instead.
Impact of storage conditions and premix type on fat-soluble vitamin stability1
Authors: Saensukjaroenphon Marut , Evans Caitlin E , Paulk Chad B , Gebhardt Jordan T , Woodworth Jason C , Stark Charles R , Bergstrom Jon R , Jones Cassandra K
Published: August 2020

Feed ingredients and additives could be a potential medium for foreign animal disease entry into the United States. The feed industry has taken active steps to reduce the risk of pathogen entry through ingredients. Medium chain fatty acid (MCFA) and heat pulse treatment could be an opportunity to prevent pathogen contamination. The objective of experiment 1 was to determine the impact of 0, 30, 60, or 90 d storage time on fat-soluble vitamin stability when vitamin premix (VP) and vitamin trace mineral premix (VTM) were blended with 1% inclusion of MCFA (1:1:1 blend of C6:C8:C10) or mineral oil (MO) with different environmental conditions. Samples stored at room temperature (RT) (~22 °C) or in an environmentally controlled chamber set at 40 °C and 75% humidity, high-temperature high humidity (HTHH). The sample bags were pulled out at days 0, 30, 60 and 90 for RT condition and HTHH condition. The objective of experiment 2 was to determine the effect of heat pulse treatment and MCFA addition on fat-soluble vitamin stability with two premix types. A sample from each treatment was heated at 60 °C and 20% humidity. For experiment 1, the following effects were significant for vitamin A: premix type × storage condition (P = 0.031) and storage time × storage condition (P = 0.002) interactions; for vitamin D3: main effect of storage condition (P < 0.001) and storage time (P = 0.002); and for vitamin E: storage time × storage condition interaction (P < 0.001). For experiment 2, oil type did not affect the stability of fat-soluble vitamins (P > 0.732) except for vitamin A (P = 0.030). There were no differences for fat-soluble vitamin stability between VP and VTM (P > 0.074) except for vitamin E (P = 0.016). Therefore, the fat-soluble vitamins were stable when mixed with both vitamin and VTM and stored at 22 °C with 28.4% relative humidity (RH). When premixes were stored at 39.5 °C with 78.8%RH, the vitamin A and D3 were stable up to 30 d while the vitamin E was stable up to 60 d. In addition, MCFA did not influence fat-soluble vitamin degradation during storage up to 90 d and in the heat pulse process. The vitamin stability was decreased by 5% to 10% after the premixes was heated at 60 °C for approximately nine and a half hours. If both chemical treatment (MCFA) and heat pulse treatment have similar efficiency at neutralizing or reducing the target pathogen, the process of chemical treatment could become a more practical practice.
Collaborative care clinician perceptions of computerized cognitive behavioral therapy for depression in primary care
Authors: Leung Lucinda B , Dyer Karen E , Yano Elizabeth M , Young Alexander S , Rubenstein Lisa V , Hamilton Alison B
Published: August 2020

In Veterans Health Administration’s (VA) Primary Care–Mental Health Integration (PC-MHI) models, primary care providers, care managers, and mental health clinicians collaboratively provide depression care. Primary care patients, however, still lack timely, sufficient access to psychotherapy treatment. Adapting PC-MHI collaborative care to improve uptake of evidence-based computerized cognitive behavioral therapy (cCBT) may be a potential solution. Understanding primary care-based mental health clinician perspectives is crucial for facilitating adoption of cCBT as part of collaborative depression care. We examined PC-MHI mental health clinicians’ perspectives on adapting collaborative care models to support cCBT for VA primary care patients. We conducted 16 semi-structured interviews with PC-MHI nurse care managers, licensed social workers, psychologists, and psychiatrists in one VA health-care system. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, coded using the constant comparative method, and analyzed for overarching themes. Although cCBT awareness and knowledge were not widespread, participants were highly accepting of enhancing PC-MHI models with cCBT for depression treatment. Participants supported cCBT delivery by a PC-MHI care manager or clinician and saw it as an additional tool to engage patients, particularly younger Veterans, in mental health treatment. They commented that current VA PC-MHI models did not facilitate, and had barriers to, use of online and mobile treatments. If effectively implemented, however, respondents thought it had potential to increase the number of patients they could treat. There is widespread interest in modernizing health systems. VA PC-MHI mental health clinicians appear open to adapting collaborative care to increase uptake of cCBT to improve psychotherapy access.