bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DETERMINANTS OF HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF EASTERN AND WESTERN INDONESIA
Authors: Wiranthi Puspi Eko , Suwarsinah Heny Kuswanti , Adhi Andriyono Kilat
Published: August 2016

Indonesian Food Security Council in 2009 issued a Food Security and Vulnerability Atlas (FSVA) which stated that there were 100 districts in Indonesia which were most vulnerable to food insecurity and 79% of which were located in eastern region. By using Susenas regular data in 2008, this study aimed to analyze determinants of household food security in eastern compared to western region. The ordered logistic regression model was employed to investigate the determinants of household food security. The result showed that most of households in Indonesia were vulnerable to food insecurity (41.76%). The percentage in eastern region (48.56%) was higher than that in western region (41.76%). Increase in expenditure equivalent, age and education level of household head, female household head, small household size, household head’s occupation in non-agriculture and urban household would increase the probability of a household to become food secure in both regions. The difference was in the factor of access to electricity in eastern and access to safe drinking water and loan in western region. Policies which aim to increase education, credit access, and intensive family planning have big roles in improving household food security.
EFFECTS OF AMELIORANT COMPOSITIONS ON NITROGEN MINERALIZATION AND UPTAKE BY SWEET CORN IN DEGRADED PEATLAND
Authors: Maftu’ah Eni , Ma'as Azwar , Purwanto Benito Heru
Published: August 2016

Peat soil is characterized by poor nitrogen (N) availability. Ameliorants are expected to rectify this problem. This research  aimed to study the effect of ameliorant on N availability and N uptake by sweet corn plant in degraded peatland. The experiment was conducted in the greenhouse in May-July 2011 and on peatland of Kalampangan Village, Palangkaraya, Central Kalimantan in September-December 2011. Burnt peat soil of Kalampangan was used in the greenhouse experiment and sweet corn was used as an indicator plant. The treatments consisted of two factors, i.e. compositions of ameliorants by weight (A1 = 80% chicken manure + 20% dolomite; A2 = 80% local farm weed + 20% dolomite; A3 = 80% mineral soil + 20% dolomite; A4 = 20% chicken manure + 20% local farm weed + 20% residue of Chinese water chestnut (Eleocharis dulcis) + 20% mineral soil + 20% dolomite; and A5 = 19% chicken manure + 71.5% mineral soil + 9.5% dolomite) and rates of those ameliorants (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 t ha-1). The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized block design with three replications. Data were collected every two weeks for five times. Observations were made on soil pH, available N (NH4+, NO3-), plant height, and N uptake in root and shoot. The results showed that  treatment A1 increased soil pH and availability of NH4+ and NO3-  in peat soils at the maximum vegetative stage. Treatment A1 provided the highest N availability and N uptake by the plant. Field experiment showed that N uptake increased  with the plant yield. Optimum yield of fresh corn cob was obtained from treatment A1 at the rate of 20 t ha-1. This research reconfirms the effectiveness of chicken manure and dolomite as peat soil ameliorant.
VARIATION IN RICE TUNGRO VIRUS TRANSMISSION ABILITY BY GREEN LEAFHOPPER, Nephotettix virescens DISTANT (HOMOPTERA: CICADELLIDAE) ON RICE RESISTANT VARIETIES
Authors: Widiarta I Nyoman , Bastian Adolf , Pakki Syahrir
Published: August 2016

Green leafhopper (GLH), Nephotettix virescens, is the most efficient vector of rice tungro virus disease. The disease is endemic in some provinces of Indonesia and commonly con-trolled using resistant varieties. Resistance of rice varieties to tungro could be classified into resistance to a virus and a vector. The history of GLH resistant varieties adoption affected the GLH adaptation in an area. The study was conducted in the period of 2009-2011 to evaluate the resistance status of five GLH resistant rice variety groups (T0-T4) using survival and transmission test. The GLH populations were collected from 15 tungro endemic provinces in Indonesia. The GLH was then reared in the greenhouse before used for the test. The degree of resistance to tungro viruses was calculated by adding the value of survival (weight x score of survival rate) and virus transmission rate (weight x score of transmission rate). The weights for survival and transmission rate were set to 40 and 60, respectively. The results showed that the rank of resistant variety groups in decreasing order of resistance were T4, T1, T2 and T3. Five variations in GLH transmission efficiency were identified, i.e. 170, 070, 050, 030 and 010. GLH populations from Bali and West Nusa Tenggara were the most efficient vector for rice tungro virus. We concluded that there were diversities in the degree of resistance among GLH resistant varieties. Variation in virus transmission efficiency (biotype) among GLH populations collected from various tungro endemic areas closely related to the history of adoption of rice varieties.
STUDY OF MILLING PROCESS AND ITS EFFECT ON VITAMIN B1 AND FOLIC ACID CONTENTS ON LOWLAND RICE PROMISING LINES
Authors: Indrasari Siti Dewi , Ardhiyanti Shinta Dewi , Abdullah Buang
Published: August 2016

Rice is an important source of vitamin B1 and folic acid, but cultivated rice cultivars contain low of these nutrient. Breeding program had been conducted and several advanced lines with a high vitamin B and folic acid contents were found. This research aimed to study the contents of vitamin B1 and folic acid in the brown rice and milled rice of fifteen promising lowland rice lines. Dried paddy (14% moisture content) were husked in the mini husker (Satake THU 35A) to obtain brown rice and milled rice by using abrasive-type mini polisher (Satake TM-05, 1,450 RPM for 2 minutes). Vitamin B1 and folic acid in the brown rice and milled rice were determined by using HPLC equipped with fluorescence detector for vitamin B1 and UV detector for folic acid. Four out of fifteen rice lines studied showed a unique characteristic of vitamin B1 content in the brown rice and milled rice. Rice lines which have highest vitamin B1 in the brown rice were B10267-4-PN-6-2-3-2-2-2-3-3-2 (3.03 mg 100 g-1), B10876H-MR-2 (2.13 mg 100 g-1), B10531E-KN-1-2-PN-1-4-2 (1.33 mg 100 g-1) and B12411E-RS*-1-2-1 (1.21 mg 100 g-1). However after milling, 43-92% of their vitamin B1 were lost; the least loss was observed in B12411E-RS*-1-2-1 (1.21 mg 100 g-1) which was only  4%. Three out of fifteen rice lines studied has highest folic acid in brown rice, i.e. BP400G-PN-12-3-6 (158.5 µg 100 g-1), B10876H-MR-2 (152.0 µg 100 g-1), and B11742-RS*-2-3-MR-5-5-1-Si-1-3 (100.0 µg 100 g-1). After milling the line B10876H-MR-2 had the highest folic acid content (52.0 µg 100 g-1), much higher than that of Ciherang variety as a control. This study indicates the importance of having a suitable milling instrument to minimize loss of vitamin B1 and folic acid. The study also suggests the importance of creating new rice cultivars that have high nutrient and resistant to milling process.
IDENTIFICATION OF SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS ON CATTLE BREEDS IN INDONESIA USING BOVINE 50K
Authors: Lestari Puji , Rijzaani Habib , Satyawan Dani , Anggraeni Anneke , Utami Dwinita Wikan , Rosdianti Ida , Lutfi Muchamad , Tasma I Made
Published: August 2016

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) abundant in bovine genome influence genetic variation in biological mechanism. The study aimed to identify SNPs on Indonesian cattle breeds and analyze their genetic diversity using Bovine 50K SNP chip. Twenty eight "Ongole Grade" (OG) beef cattle and 20 "Holstein Friesian" (HF) dairy cattle were used for the Infinium II assay test. This assay included amplification of genomic DNA, fragmenta-tion, precipitation, resuspension, hybridization, processing bead chip for single-base extension, and imaging at iScan. Data and clusters were analyzed using GenomeStudio software. The Bovine 50K SNP chip containing 54,609 SNPs was observed spanning all chromosomes of bovine genome. Genotyping for the total SNPs was successfull based on Call Rate, GeneCall and GeneTrain scores. Most SNP markers had alleles that shared among the individuals or breeds, or had specific alleles at distinctive frequencies. Minor allele frequency (MAF) spreads equally with intervals of 0-0.5. The breeds of OG and HF tended to be separated in different clusters without considering their genetic history and twin or normal. This result suggests that most individuals are closely related to one another, regardless of the same breed. Some genes identified on chromosomes 3, 4, 5, 7, 13, 17 and 18 were located in the loci/regions that contained SNPs with specific alleles of either HF or OG breed. These SNPs were more powerful for differentiation of beef cattle and dairy cattle than among individuals in the same breed. These SNP variations and genetic relatedness among individuals and breeds serve basic information for cattle breeding in Indonesia.
The use of intuitionistic fuzzy cube and operators in treating imprecision in data repositories
Authors: Rugova Dr.Sc. Ermir
Published: August 2016

Traditional data repositories introduced for the needs of business pro-cessing, typically focus on the storage and querying of crisp domains of data. As a result, current commercial data repositories have no facilities for either storing or querying imprecise/ approximate data.No significant attempt has been made for a generic and application- independent representation of value imprecision mainly as a property of axes of analysis and also as part of dynamic environment, where poten-tial users may wish to define their “own” axes of analysis for querying either precise or imprecise facts. In such cases, measured values and facts are characterised by descriptive values drawn from a number of dimen-sions, whereas values of a dimension are organised as hierarchical levels.In this paper, an extended multidimensional model named IF-Cube is put forward, which allows the representation of imprecision in facts and dimensions and answering of queries based on imprecise hierarchical preferences.
Internationalization of higher education in Albania - Dilemmas and challenges: Albanian public and private universities in the new globalization era
Authors: Dobi Dr.Sc. Teuta
Published: August 2016

Internationalization of higher education in Albania although an emerging necessity is still in very low figures not only as a connection between institutions but even as mobility between students. This paper sheds lights on internationalization at the regional and at the global level. It analyzes how the globalization and European integration processes are affecting public and private higher education institutions in Albania, their study programs and universities internal management structures. Firstly, it examines the overall changes in the Albanian HE sector since the beginning of 1990s. Then it explores the differences in internationalization between public and private universities and the ultimate changes on the Albanian labor market. My main thesis is that Albanian HE institutions increasingly need to put more efforts to internationalize their internal management structures and to put in practice international study programs. The paper analyzes more the advantages of the international study programs and the difficulties in a development country like Albania to implement them. The paper is based on the case study of the European University of Tirana and explores the difficulties of the faculties of this university to find financial support for international programs, research and travelling abroad, to develop courses with one international perspective, support for its students to study abroad, support to students from other countries and on other indicators such as grants, contracts and linkages in international areas. However the paper deals also with the academic requirements the issue of quality of universities in general. At the end the paper makes a prognosis of some strategies and gives some recommendations how to integrate the Albanian higher education institutions at a regional or global level.
Construction of the international system of Versailles, according to the doctrine of Woodrow Wilson
Authors: Halili MSc. Albulena
Published: August 2016

Mapping of the international system after the First World War took place in the Conference of Versailles, where a peace treaty was negotiated to end this war, and would reshape the world order. The key role in negotiating peace was handed to the United States of America, and its President Woodrow Wilson. This paper aims to elaborate the doctrine of US President Wilson, presented through the Fourteen Points, which were the basis for the international system that was created after First World War. Two of Wilson’s Fourteen Points, which are the object of study in this paper, had the most important impact on international relations, thereby transforming into international law principles, respected to this day: the right of the people for self-determination, which led to the destruction of multi-national empires, and the creation of a association of nations, which resulted in the establishment of the League of Nations, a predecessor of United Nations. The methodological approach used in this paper is analytical-theoretical, and is based on contemporary literature. It aims to identify the strong and weak sides of this doctrine, and its influence in the establishment of the Versailles international system, which only lasted twenty years. Conclusions from this paper are that the Fourteen Points not only served for the mapping of the Versailles international system but also for the establishment of preceding international systems. Many of those principles are the foundation of contemporary international relations
Global financial crisis, banking crisis and first country risk in the viewpoint of domestic risk rating agencies
Authors: Shuli Dr.Sc. Ingrid , Bejtja MSc. Merita , Dragusha Dr.Sc. Blerta
Published: August 2016

In a period of dire financial crisis, with which all countries seem to cope, it seemed interesting to analyse the assessment of the risk for our country, viewed from the vantage point of our domestic rating agencies, but also compared to assessments made to our country by international rating agencies, such as Moody’s rating agency, Standard & Poor rating agency, Fitch ratings agency etc. The objective of this study is to recognize indicators and factors affecting the risk assessment and rating of a country, and evaluate whether there has been an impact of the financial crisis faced by other countries in the rating given to Albanian by domestic and foreign agencies. We stopped at the history of earlier financial crisis development to understand bewtter what is happening in this financial crisis. We shall develop upon a wide existing literature, and a range of credible resources such as the IMF, the World Bank, the International Institute of Finance, Economic Intelligence Unit, and local official data sources, eg. The Bank of Albania and INSTAT).
Impact of family businesses in the development of the national economy in the Republic of Macedonia
Authors: Markoski MSc. Goce , Gosevska MSc. Lidija
Published: August 2016

The family-run business companies present a driving force of the society in which they function and take great part in identification of market needs. By developing skills and building new types of business, the business owners strive to satisfy those needs, reaffirming the work ethics and entrepreneurial spirit as a solid base for family-run business.The purpose of this paper is to emphasize the importance of family-run business and to recognize its significance in the new social, political background and economic system of our country. By developing strategies for family-run business, the country should boost confidence of young people regarding the possibilities these kinds of business offers in accomplishing individual ambitions.To be able to successfully the challenges of the environment, Family businesses have to adapt to new market conditions. Following the market supply and demand and appropriately responding to the same family businesses contribute to strengthen their market position. Also spur innovation, contributes to this kind of businesses to successfully cope with market competition.Development documents in all these years of independence of the Republic of Macedonia contain provisions for strengthening the small business sector by providing financial support to the operations of the companies, especially new and young enterprises. But despite the fact that several projects were opened several institutions and provide some funds for financing, there remains the conclusion that helping and strengthening the development of family businesses should be treated as a permanent process in the interest of faster employment, using creative potential employees, laid-off workers, young and educated people. Commitment to helping the development of family business is a constant and long-term process, which should be a permanent task and goal of macroeconomic policy.The absence of a quick and relatively easy access to capital, information and new technology, requiring long-lasting process in the policy of encouraging the development of family businesses.
Impact of civil servant salaries on the performance of local public administration in Kosovo
Authors: Ismajli Mr.Sc. Naim , Qosja Dr.Sc. Ermira
Published: August 2016

Motivation is defined as the willingness to exert high level of effort to reach organizational goals, conditioned by the ability of these efforts to satisfy some individual needs (Robbis / De Cenze p, 407). As motivating factors are: wage increase in career, workplace safety, work contracts, working conditions, organizational culture, leadership in working organizations, the level of responsibility at work and rewards. All these factors have different scale in motivating employee performance. Based on the theory of many authors in the field of Human Resources, presented in scientific literature, scientific journal articles, reports of international institutions (UNDP, World Bank, Human rights etc.)that explore human resources comes the conclusion that the salary is one of the most important motivating factors for employee performance level.Main  problem treated in this research is the salary; salary level, its structure, the methodology of determining the current legal framework does not provide a realistic reflection based on needs and performance-oriented employees, so as it is does not  motivates either increase public service quality.This work reflects over presented theoretical part from literature, scientific articles, as well from own experience and the main conclusion is that wage is motivating factors in the performance of civil servants in the public administration in local level.Research questions are; which is unsatisfactory levelwithin worker's salary?, What is the salary structure?, What is actual legal framework?, Is it wage rate based on performance or work time?For this research will be used combined methodology; first collection of the primary, secondary data, and interviews, with the objective to draw scientific conclusions of this research.The purpose of this research is to come out with recommendations for institutions to develop policies, local government, human resource managers, executives managers at all levels, but also for its employees to develop policies, to build structures and apply procedures who will enable management technology to increase the salary management system as a key influential factors for high performance level within public sector in Kosovo.
Beyond independence: Anti-Americanism and the Serb resistance in Kosova
Authors: Gutaj MA. Përparim
Published: August 2016

This paper examines the Serb resistance in northern Kosova. A number of studies, over the last decade, have been performed that scrutinize the case of Kosova and look into the strained relations between Kosova Albanians and Kosova Serbs. Yet, no study has been carried out to explain the Serb resistance, and more importantly, its nature and its underpinning mechanisms. This paper intends to just that. The central argument it makes is that the Serb resistance in northern Kosova is a Serbian elite construct, made of and crammed with anti-Americanism sentiments. This Serb anti-Americanism is a recent phenomenon, constructed as a consequence of specific developments that are occurring in Kosova and the region, such as the stationing of the American troops in Kosova, the American policy towards the region, and the American political and diplomatic support for the new state. To formulate this argument, the paper adopts the framework of anti-Americanism as its foundation while comparing it with the socio-biological, cultural, and rationalist approaches to resistance. The paper supports the gist of the argument by drawing on recent scholarship and analyzing official documents, executive statements, and intellectual observations
Albania among Bank Based System’s Countries
Authors: Troplini MSc. Rovena
Published: August 2016

The Albanian financial system has entered a new phase of its development. Financial system in Albania is bank oriented, as financial market is not active. Because of the important and deep changes that have altered the image of the banking system, the conditions for more dynamic development of non-banking intermediaries and capital markets have been created. The analysis is based on the standard indicators of size and activity of banking intermediaries. The results of the analysis show that the size and activity of Albanian banking system is growing faster but limiting the crediting process only on banks. However, the achieved level of development of banking intermediaries is still below of other advanced transition economies. Albanian financial system needs to develop quickly the activities of pension funds, investment funds and bond/asset markets in order to create great opportunities to the Albanian economy.
Impact of Globalization in Kosovo’s Economy
Authors: Shkodra MSc. Nexhat , Badivuku-Pantina Dr.Sc. Myrvete , Kastrati MSc. Naile
Published: August 2016

The economy in Kosovo continues to generate macroeconomic growth and solid stability, especially in fiscal and financial terms. Despite the increasing risks from the external sector, Kosovo’s economy has marked positive growth rates in 2012 also. Nevertheless, being an open economy, it has not been spared of the effects of the crisis faced direly by some of the most developed countries, and especially those in the Eurozone, which have shrinked the growth rate in comparison to previous years, despite it being positive.These risks mainly are reflected into the adverse impacts of the crisis on external demand for Kosovo products (along with an already low export rate), and by a lighter impact on migrant remittances, and a stronger impact on foreign direct investment. The decline in remittances has been smaller than forecasted, mainly because migration in Kosovo is of longer term in nature, and 70% of our migrants possess foreign citizenships. The banking sector has remained solid, with private sector deposits and loans continuing to increase in 2009 and 2010. There is still evidence though, that banks have become more prudent in extending loans, mainly due to the fact that bad loans are increasing at a slow pace. Adverse impacts of the global financial crisis have been compensated by an expansionist fiscal policy adopted by the Government, thereby ensuring medium growth rates.
Western Balkan Countries and European Neo-regionalisation Case study: CEFTA and its impact on Kosovar economy: 2007-2013
Authors: Bashota MSc. Bardhok
Published: August 2016

Selection of “the problem” of neo-regionalisation for study directly deals with its importance as a determining factor of many developments in the arena of international relations. Its importance appears especially when it is manifested as a theoretical approach, as an analytical category and as a new practice of economic and political organisation in the regional level and in the same way in the international aspect as well.Although studiers concede that the world is going towards larger units of integration in global level, however, regionalisation (neo- regionalisation) is becoming a new identity for people in the 21st century. This is valid especially for the European societies and states aiming to be part of the supranational structures of the European Union.In relation to this, the study below is focused on new integrating practices in Europe, which is known as “Neo-regionalism” in order to see how this new practice is influencing in intensifying the regional cooperation. To make the study even more concrete, a concentration in case study has been made in regional cooperation within CEFTA with a particular focus in its implications towards Kosovo and vice versa. The theses will also be discussed whether Kosovo has benefited or lost from this cooperation to review the possibilities of continuing further cooperation or to quit it.Undoubtedly, the establishments presented above may be used for reaching a concrete conclusion for the results of this cooperation, what is going to serve as a platform for drawing some recommendations for further coordination of actions for cooperation in the regional plan.
NATO Intervention in Kosovo in light of Security Council Actions and International Law
Authors: Salihu MA. Arben
Published: August 2016

The horrors of World War Two made it universally clear that the world cannot progress without general respect for human rights. Still, the need for humanitarian intervention arose several times before 1999, but international political and military organisations including the UN, were either late or hesitant to prevent genocides or other related human catastrophes worldwide. The NATO intervention in Kosovo, however, marked the beginning of the new era in international relations. The facet of this intervention in view of legality is the topic of this paper. The aim of this study, above all, is to analyze the Security Council actions, debates and resolutions concerning situation in Kosovo, and the level of impact that the military operation had in international law (in particular) and international relations (in general).  The study uses many authentic documents issued by the United Nations Security Council itself and other material related to the theme in order to develop an argument on the points raised. Throughout, this research paper has attempted to answer numerous issues related to the topic and offer a balanced view on the all the themes examined. Several but distinct points raised focus on relevant core subjects, discuss the challenges and opportunities of the humanitarian intervention and offer recommendations regarding the future of such operation for the well being of the humanity.
Kosovar Society through Secularism and Religion
Authors: Arifi MSc. Dritero , Sela Dr.Sc. Ylber
Published: August 2016

This paper will analyze the importance and the effects of religion, in Kosovar society. A great part of the paper, will analyze the social and the political relations in Post-War Kosovo. Initially it will elaborate religion and secularism, especially in theoreticall aspect, what impact have these definitions in modern societies.In order to explain what the importance of the religion in Kosovo is, we will focus on analyzing ethnical, social and political relations within Kosovo society. A considerable component of the paper is also, the elaboration of secularism in Kosovo conditions. This implies that the formulation of the problem and the objective of this research, are the substance of the paper’s theme, which is, religion in Kosovo; its definition and the outlook of the Kosovar society on religion. Is Kosovo post-war society more or less religious? That means the elements of Religions and Secularism will be part of the analysis of developments in post-war Kosovo.
The impact of Euroization in Businesses’ Access to Finance in Kosovo
Authors: Isufi Dr.Sc. Bashkim
Published: August 2016

The research explores the impact of Euroization on Kosovo’s business access to finance. It attempts at answering the questions as to what extend has the Euroization impacted the business development by enabling the adequate access to finance. The research finds that the Euro adoption has brought about different benefits for the Kosovo economy in the context of enabling macroeconomic stability, which carries high importance. The macroeconomic stability and Euroization has been impacting the development of a sound financial sector and the development of business at large. The study concludes that there was a significant impact of Euroization in the core issue of business development satisfaction and access to finance for businesses. The data analyses show also that while there is a huge chance for the entrepreneurs to develop and expand their businesses, the scope of financing sources and the finance conditions requires improvement
The Development of Broadband in Kosovo and its Importance for the Economy
Authors: Pula Dr.Sc. Justina , Haxhimusa MSc. Adhurim
Published: August 2016

The better functioning of economy depends on the availability and quality of public services such as: outstanding education system, well-functioning health system, very good transportation system and other public services as well. The 21th century is seen as the century of information and communication technology. In this way the local and central governments have seen that the broadband is important like other public services. The purpose of this paper is the identification of the importance and the impacts of broadband on the development of the economy and the society. For this purpose we have surveyed in depth different theoretical and empirical literature. The literature shows that government intervention is necessary not only in the regulation of the market but also in providing broadband services and increasing the demand for these services, which in turn would enable the development of the broadband market at the same pace like other EU member states. In the last part of this paper we will show that the development of the broadband market requires a more active role of the government in the development of broadband by increasing the demand and the supply for broadband services. Regardless the fact that ARKEP is working on increasing the development level of the broadband, we will show that the existence of a well-designed governmental plan would make it possible to achieve the goal of an information society.
Privatization Process in Kosovo
Authors: Aliu Ing. Florin
Published: August 2016

Privatization is considered an initial step toward market economy, restructuring financial and economic sector that enables competition in the economy. Privatization is the most painful process in economy where beside legal establishment and political will, it includes also the aspect of fairness and honesty. Analysis of this process is based on the models and comparisons between Kosovo and countries of central and Eastern Europe, in order to give a clearer picture on the overall process of privatization in KosovoMethodology that is used to analyze this issue is based on empirical results and also qualitative interpretation of the models and also on studying particular asset privatization process. A widely discussed case of privatization in Kosovo is that of Post and Telecom of Kosovo (PTK). Since each company has its own value, I have focused my appraising analysis on the financial statements with a special observation on Cash Flow from Operation, as the most significant indicator on showing how company is using her physical and human recourses to generate money. I have based my research on using methodology of discounted cash flow from operation analysis, even though the company valuation was done using net cash flow from operation analysis. Cash Flow valuation then was discounted by the T-bonds interest rate.This paper tries to bring a conclusion that privatization process in Kosovo have not brought the results excepted, firstly by setting an inappropriate price of assets and lastly by restructuring overall privatization sector and the overall industry. Kosovo, consequently, lost a big opportunity to create a competitive environment of financial industry: starting from the banking industry followed the pension trust which remained at their initial steps of development
Influence of Marketing on Consumer's Adoption of E-Banking
Authors: Podvorica MSc. Ganimete , Reshidi Dr.Sc. Nail
Published: August 2016

The financial system plays an extraordinary role in developing and enriching the domestic economy. E-banking service as an innovative software product and service for customers was introduced few years ago in the country from variety of national and international banks: ProCredit Bank, Raiffeissen Bank, Teb Bank, NLB Bank etc., enabling consumers to have access to their bank accounts over the internet. Since internet usage grows rapidly in the country even adoption of e-banking is expected to flourish. Behavior of customers toward adoption is explained using different behavioral model. The objective of this study is to analyze the consumer-adoption process toward e-banking. The survey is used in this respect, to find out the way they learn, try, and adopt or reject e-banking service. Furthermore, the hypothesis those females are significantly different from males on adoption of e-banking services, it prevails the null hypothesis that gender doesn’t affect adoption of e-banking services. The study reveals the characteristics of the consumers toward ebanking adoption process, such as differences in individual readiness to try new product; the information searching; advertisement and direct marketing influence; and speed rates of adoption and non adoption among genders.
The Victims of Road Traffic in the Territory of Kosovo and the Way of Their Compensation-Indemnity
Authors: Kuliqi MSc. Halim
Published: August 2016

Taking into account the fact that in the world the road traffic accidents happen very often and go up to very large numbers, which often are also very disturbing, then there is an indispensable need to study this problem, because without identifying the problem and its causes then it can neither be fought nor prevented.The significance of this paper lays on the presentation of some data regarding the number of accidents and their victims, the ways of compensation for the damage and the presentation of some measures in order to protect the victims of accidents from secondary victimization.This paper fills a scientific gap for victims of accidents and their way of compensation, which until now for the case of Kosovo has been not addressed significantly in terms of theory and practice also. For the presentation and the development of this issue have been used statistical method, comparative method and among others also the case study methods.In other words, the main purpose of this paper is to present data that expose the difficulties for the realization of the right of victims after suffering accidents and also to propose some norms that would protect the victims from secondary victimization, as victims after suffering a traffic accident may be hurt again until the realization of their demand for compensation according to the law.
Exclusions from Insurance Coverage of Motor Liability – Case of Kosovo
Authors: Qehaja Dr.Sc. Rrustem
Published: August 2016

The aim of this paper is to elaborate on exceptions from the insurance coverage of motor liability in the Kosovo legislation, which is a rather delicate matter both in law and practice, in court law and legal doctrine, both national and international. Also, another aim is to recognize the differences between the loss and exceptions to insurance coverage in motor vehicle liability in terms of third parties. For more, insurance coverage and the components of exclusion are the focus of this paper.Knowing that the matter addressed by this paper is rather complex and wide, within the bounds of possibility, this paper will only elaborate on the legal provisions in Kosovo, in a way of facilitating the practitioners’ work, but also conveying this experience with the relevant authorities inside and outside the country, so as to initiate an adequate reflection on the legal matter.
Gestión del aseguramiento en salud
Authors: Roa Buitrago Rosa Isabel
Published: August 2016

El artículo describe el sistema obligatorio de aseguramientoen salud en Colombia, a cargo de las Empresas Promotoras de Salud – EPS; además realiza análisis comparativo con otros países de Latinoamérica; refleja resultados de un estudio longitudinal y descriptivo, en el que se revisan distintas investigaciones desarrolladas previamente y se recolecta información de fuentes secundarias. El aseguramiento en salud colombiano, se enmarca en la teoría de seguros y de la información, es predominantemente público y registra logros importantes en términos de cubrimiento, gastos de bolsillo, expectativas de vida saludable entre otros.
Importancia de los costos de la calidad y no calidad en las empresas de salud como herramienta de gestión para la competitividad
Authors: Arango Cardona Luis Javier
Published: August 2016

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la importancia que tiene la medición sistemática de los costos de inversión en calidad y aquellos injustificados por fallas en los procesos de la empresa, con el fin de estimular en los directivos el interés por conocer su monto para que la gerencia tenga bases cuantitativas para la toma de decisiones, en lo que respecta a la contención de los costos de operación y evalúe mes a mes su impacto.Una decisión eficaz, debe reducir directamente los costos de no calidad en el proceso. Se realiza una revisión bibliográfica de los temas seleccionados y se exponen los más representativos factores que influyen en los mayores costos injustificados considerados de no calidad. Como conclusión relevante,la multiplicidad de procesos, procedimientos y normas de las empresas de salud, hacen muy importante que la organización tenga establecidos métodos para la cuantificación de las fallas, errores y repeticiones, y así contar con bases objetivas para la toma de decisiones sobre la contención de dichos costos.
Política clúster del País Vasco: lecciones aprendidas y retos
Authors: Aranguren Querejeta María José
Published: August 2016

E ste artículo, manifiesta la experiencia en política clúster del País Vasco, desde sus orígenes y su evolución. El texto, además de ofrecer definiciones concretas sobre clústers, asociaciones clúster y política clúster, también describe la manera en que se gestó la iniciativa de conformar asociaciones clúster como respuesta a una situación de crisis, los resultados del proceso de integración de diversos sectores económicos (privados y públicos) de dicha región, y los retos que su accionar plantea, a fin de garantizar la expansión de los mismos, no sólo en cuanto a sus límites geográficos, sino también en relación con eltipo de actividades y agentes que conforman las asociaciones. El documento, expresa como tesis principal, que el objetivo de implementar y gestionar la política clúster, consiste enaumentar la competitividad, en este caso particular, de la economía vasca, a partir de la cooperación entre las empresas asociadas y los sectores que las representan, razón por lacual todas las asociaciones clúster, orientan su trabajo, en principio, a partir de tres áreas: la tecnología, la calidad y la internacionalización.
La gestión de calidad como innovación organizacional para la productividad en la empresa
Authors: Arraut Camargo Luis Carlos
Published: August 2016

El presente artículo desarrolla un tema de interés para académicos y empresarios como es el de la innovación. El tema central es la innovación de tipo organizacional a partir de los sistemas de calidad y su efecto en la productividad y competitividad de las empresas.

La metodología utilizada es de múltiples casos explicativos tomando como unidad de análisis el sector petroquímico-plástico de la ciudad de Cartagena de Indias. Las principales conclusiones que aquí se presentan, demuestran primero la importancia de un fenómeno organizacional como es la innovación organizacional y cómo un grupo de empresas manufactureras de la ciudad de Cartagena de Indias, desarrollan este tipo de innovación a partir de sus sistemas de calidad ISO con un efecto positivo en la productividad de las mismas.

Este artículo es producto del trabajo doctoral del autor sobre la innovación de tipo organizacional en el sector petroquímico-plástico de la ciudad de Cartagena de Indias.
Modelo integral de productividad, aspectos importantes para su implementación
Authors: Medina Fernández de Soto Jorge Eduardo
Published: August 2016

El Modelo Integral busca la optimización de la productividad, a partir de los objetivos estratégicos empresariales y el análisis y mejoramiento de la propuesta de valor para el cliente, identificando el nivel de operación óptimo y los recursos tangibles realmente necesarios. También identifica los procesos empresariales de creación de valor y es una guía hacia el desarrollo de la propuesta de valor.Además, analiza las inversiones necesarias para las nuevas propuestas de valor, buscando un crecimiento estratégico sostenible. El artículo explica en primer lugar los fundamentos y componentes del modelo y luego algunos aspectos importantes para su implementación.
Critical assessment of risk-taking behavior and economic performance of male entrepreneurs in the Centurion central business district in South Africa
Authors: Petrus Holtzhausen Johannes , Naidoo Vinessa
Published: August 2016

According to Zinkhan and Karande (1990), risk is encountered when an individual’s action produces social and economic consequences that cannot be projected with certainty. Zinkhan and Karande (1990) also see risk averseness as the propensity to avoid taking risks and are generally conceived as a personality variable. Levitt (1990) argues that the ways in which business managers handle risk can markedly affect economic performance and the standard of living in various societies. It was, thus, imperative that this study coupled risk-taking ability with economic performance amongst male entrepreneurs in Centurion. The entrepreneurial phenomenon remains a widely researched topic. Extensive research with regards to the attributes of entrepreneurs has been done in the recent past. It has, thus, become important to better understand South African entrepreneurial behavior, as not many local studies has been done on the topic. The purpose of this study is to establish whether the identified factors affect the risk taking behavior of male entrepreneurs within the Centurion CBD. The risk-taking behavior of male entrepreneurs versus their economic performance was also investigated. By gaining an understanding of the risk taking behavior of the population, recommendations for future studies could be made. This study is based on a deductive approach to establish possible factors which might affect the risk-taking behavior of male entrepreneurs within the Centurion central business district. It also investigates the relationship between their risk-taking behavior and their economic performance. The researcher established possible factors from the literature and adopted and modified the DOSPERT scale developed by Weber, Blais and Betz (2002). Quantitative data were obtained within the population of 161 respondents. The results indicate a strong correlation between the factors identified and the risk-taking behavior of the entrepreneurs, except for the factor ethnic background. It was also found that a strong relationship exists between risk-taking behavior and economic performance
Stock split, unseasoned equity offering, and firm value: evidence from the Korean stock market
Authors: Young Chung Chune , Ju Kangjin , Ryu Doojin
Published: August 2016

This study examines the extent to which announcements of stock splits and unseasoned equity offerings (capital increase without consideration) affect firm values in the Korean stock market. The authors find that, based on analyses of the cumulative abnormal return (CAR) around the announcement dates, CARs are significantly positive for both corporate events. This result suggests that both events are positive in relation to the firm’s value. The authors also examine whether the performance of firms that execute stock splits and/or unseasoned equity offerings differs from that of firms that do not, before and after their announcement dates; we do so by using the difference-in-difference test. The results indicate that a stock split is unrelated to improved firm performance following the announcement, and that an unseasoned equity offering can even have a negative impact on performance. Hence, the presence of stock splits and unseasoned equity offerings does not seem to support the signaling hypothesis, which predicts firms’ positive performance following an announcement
Analysis of rainfall trend and variability for agricultural water management in Awash River Basin, Ethiopia
Authors: Bekele Daniel , Alamirew Tena , Kebede Asfaw , Zeleke Gete , Melese Assefa M.
Published: August 2016

The national economy and food security of many sub-Saharan countries relies on rain-fed agriculture, hence the impact of rainfall variability is highly significant. The intent of this study is to characterize rainfall variability and trend in Awash River Basin for agricultural water management using standard rainfall statistical descriptors. Long-term climate data of 12 stations were analyzed. Onset and cessation dates, length of growing period (LGP) and probability of dry spell occurrences were analysed using INSTAT Plus software. The Mann–Kendall test and the Sen's slope method were used to assess the statistical significance of the trend. The results show high variability of rainfall (38–73%), LGP (30–38 days) and high probability of dry spell occurrence (up to 100%) during the Belg season (the short rainy season from March to May) compared with the Kiremt season (the main rainy season from June to September) in all stations. Belg season showed a non-significant decline trend in most of the stations, whereas the Kiremt season indicated the contrary. The finding also revealed that supplementary irrigation is vital, especially in the Belg season to cover up to 40% of the crop water requirement deficit.
Managing participation: prospects for learning and legitimacy-creation in Swedish water management
Authors: Matti Simon , Lundmark Carina , Ek Kristina
Published: August 2016

The article evaluates whether the participatory arrangements in Swedish water management following from the European Union's Water Framework Directive (WFD) contribute to legitimacy by increased learning and knowledge-generation. In contrast to most evaluations of collaborative arrangements, we use a three-tiered approach analyzing actors, processes and structures jointly, which allows us to more fully consider the merits and challenges facing this new management system. Based on original data collected from the Water councils in one of five Swedish Water Districts, we conclude that the prospects for learning and legitimacy-creation in Swedish water management are favorable. Despite the absence of decision-making power, a majority of the participants find the management system overall positive and meaningful, as new knowledge is collected and distributed through the Water councils. Thus, the management processes seem to work in favor of reaching the overarching goal of internal legitimacy, i.e. among the participating stakeholders. The main challenge, following our data, is for the new management system to serve as an arena for broad public involvement. As long as only a small number of stakeholders partake in the Water councils, the potential for creating external legitimacy for this new governance system is limited.