bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cempedak leaf extract (Artocarpus champeden) as a novel ingredient in antibacterial peel-off gel face masks
Authors: Putri Faizah Alivia , Widia Widia , Syarmila Syarmila , Mahardika Robby Gus
Published: April 2024

Background: Phenolic compounds in plants act as natural antioxidants, with cempedak (Artocarpus champeden) leaf extract showing promise due to its high phenolic content and potential antibacterial properties against Propionibacterium acnes.
Objective: This study explores the effectiveness of cempedak leaf extract as an active ingredient in peel-off gel face masks for antibacterial purposes.
Methods: Cempedak leaf extract was analyzed for phenolic content and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). Its antibacterial activity was tested against P. acnes using agar diffusion, comparing inhibition zones with positive control. A peel-off gel face mask was formulated with cempedak leaf extract, undergoing physical and an irritation test.
Results: Cempedak leaf extract contained a total phenolic content of 342.35 mg EAG/g and exhibited significant antibacterial activity. The face mask formulation with cempedak leaf extract showed promising physical properties and did not irritate, meeting the peel-off gel face mask standards.
Conclusion: Cempedak leaf extract has potent antibacterial properties, making it an effective ingredient in peel-off gel face masks for treating acne. Further research could explore its commercial potential in skincare products.
The relationship between knowledge level and adherence to anti-tuberculosis treatment at primary health centers (Puskesmas) in Pekalongan city, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Purgiantari Purgiantari , Suryoputri Masita Wulandari , Endriastuti Nialiana Endah
Published: April 2024

Background: Adherence is one of the most critical factors in the success of pulmonary tuberculosis therapy. Non-compliance of patients taking anti-tuberculosis drug results in a high rate of treatment failure, increasing the risk of disease severity and death.
Objective: This study aims to investigate the impact of knowledge level on patient compliance in taking anti-tubercular medication.
Methods: This observational, cross-sectional study employed a total sampling method. The levels of knowledge and compliance were assessed using a validated questionnaire administered to patients with pulmonary tuberculosis at the Pekalongan City health center (Puskesmas).
Results: Among the 52 participants, 44.23% (n=23) demonstrated a high level of knowledge, and 86.5% (n=45) exhibited good compliance. Spearman correlation test analysis revealed a significant influence of knowledge level on patient compliance in taking antituberculosis drugs (p=0.001, r=0.341), indicating that higher knowledge levels correspond to better patient compliance.
Conclusion: The study suggests that patient compliance with antitubercular medication improves as knowledge level increases.
Antifungal activity of Calophyllum soulattri leaf extract on fungal isolate of coconut neera
Authors: Rachmani Eka Prasasti Nur , Baroroh Hanif Nasiatul , Rehana Rehana , Rahmawati Novia Ayu
Published: April 2024

Background: Coconut neera is susceptible to fungus contamination. Some plants, such as Calophyllum soulattri, can function as natural preservatives with antifungal properties.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of C. soulattri leaf extract as measured by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum killing concentration (MKC).
Methods: A dilution method was used to isolate the fungus that contaminated coconut neera. MIC and MKC antifungal activity were then evaluated using the liquid dilution method.
Results: The results indicated that the contaminant fungi found in coconut neera belonged to the genus Penicillium. The MIC was 12.5%, while the MKC was 18.75%.
Conclusion: C. soulattri leaf extract has the potential to be developed as an antifungals for food preservation.
Total phenolic content and in vitro photoprotective activity of ethanolic extract of torch ginger (Etlingera elatior)
Authors: Fahmi Fawnia Alma Arabella , Rehana Rehana , Pudyastuti Beti
Published: April 2024

Background: Previous research highlighted the photoprotective potential of various extracts from torch ginger leaves, but the efficacy of ethanolic extracts, particularly from leaves and other plant parts, remained unexplored.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the total phenolic content and SPF value of ethanolic extracts from torch ginger leaves, flowers, and stems, comparing these with a known photoprotective agent, oxybenzone.
Method: Ethanolic extraction was performed on approximately 200 grams of each plant part. The total phenolic content was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, while SPF values were measured spectrophotometrically between 290 and 320 nm. Statistical analysis involved Kruskal-Wallis tests followed by post-hoc Fisher's LSD.
Results: The leaf extract exhibited the highest phenolic content (483.788 ± 2.57 mg GAE/g) and SPF value at 1000 ppm, surpassing that of flowers, stems, and the positive control, oxybenzone. The correlation between phenolic content and SPF value across plant parts was statistically significant.
Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of torch ginger leaves shows superior photoprotective potential, indicated by its high phenolic content and SPF value, suggesting its promising application in natural sunscreen formulations up to the permissible active substance limit of 6% set by BPOM.
Evaluation of the physical properties of andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC) fruit extract tablets using polyvinylpyrrolidone as a binder agent
Authors: Turnip Monika Maristella , Sunarti Sunarti , Nawangsari Desy
Published: April 2024

Background: Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC, also known as andaliman, is a traditional herb utilized predominantly as a spice. It is rich in bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and terpenoids, which exhibit analgesic activities.
Objective: This study aims to develop a tablet formulation of andaliman fruit extract, employing polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) K-30 as a binder, utilizing the wet granulation method.
Method: The andaliman fruit was processed to extract its components using 96% ethanol. The extract, at a concentration of 100 mg, was then formulated into three different tablet formulations, varying in PVP K-30 concentration: F1 (1%), F2 (3%), and F3 (5%). These formulations were analyzed for granule characteristics and physical properties of the tablets.
Results: Granule testing confirmed that all formulations met the requirements for quality granules. Among the formulations, F1 (1% PVP concentration) demonstrated superior physical properties: size uniformity of 1.22±0.00 cm, weight uniformity of 518.53±10.15 mg, friability of 0.45±0.01%, hardness of 6.34±0.05 kg, and disintegration time of 9.42±0.90 minutes.
Conclusion: The tablet formulation of Andaliman fruit extract with 1% PVP K-30 exhibited the most favorable physical properties, suggesting its potential viability for further development and testing. This study lays the groundwork for exploring Andaliman fruit-based analgesic tablets.
Characterization and tyrosinase activities of a mixture of β-sitosterol and stigmasterol from Bauhinia rufescens Lam
Authors: Muhammad Aminu , Idris Musa Maikudi , Ali Umar , Umar Abdulganiyu , Sirat Hasnah Mohd
Published: April 2024

Background: Phytosterols are steroid compounds present in plants that are similar to cholesterol in structure and functions. In this work, stem bark of Bauhinia rufescens was extracted with petroleum ether.
Objective: This work aims to determine anti-tyrosinase activities of a mixture of β-sitosterol and stigmasterol from the stem bark B, rufescens for the treatment of dermatological disorders.
Methods: This work is presenting isolation, characterization and anti-tyrosinase activities of a mixture of β-sitosterol and stigmasterol from the stem bark B. rufescens. The extract was subjected to chromatographic techniques to afford a phytosterol identified as a mixture of β-sitosterol and stigmasterol based on GC-MS, IR, 1HNMR and 13CNMR data.
Results: The phytosterol isolated showed inhibition of tyrosinase activity at 57.1%±0.03 as compared to kojic acid with 85.0% ± 0.01 (sample concentrations of 0.1 mg/mL).
Conclusion: The finding of this study revealed that, the mixture of β-sitosterol and stigmasterol has potential to be developed as tyrosinase inhibitors for the treatment of dermatological disorders.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of lopinavir, ritonavir, and nevirapine toward HIV AIDS patients as antiretroviral: a systematic review
Authors: Pratama Anggara Martha , Pramestutie Hananditia Rachma , Krisnadewi Kadek Ida , Pratiwi Hening
Published: April 2024

Background: The mobilization of resources to prevent and treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is unparalleled in the history of public health. Nevirapine resistance may decrease the effectiveness of viral suppression with nevirapine-based HIV in women infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with previous exposure to single-dose nevirapine. However, the alternative lopinavir/ritonavir–based antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen is more expensive.
Objective: Our objectives were to project the tradeoffs regarding the cost-effectiveness of ART regimens for nevirapine-exposed and lopinavir/ritonavir.   
Methods: A thorough literature search was conducted using PubMed and SAGE databases, employing search terms such as “cost-effectiveness analysis,” AND “HIV AIDS,” AND “lopinavir,” OR “ritonavir,” AND “nevirapine.” Additionally, hand searches were carried out on Google Scholar with various combinations of these terms to ensure comprehensive coverage of relevant studies.
Results: Six studies met the our inclusion criteria and were reviewed. The analysis confirms that both nevirapine and lopinavir/ritonavir-based ART regimens are cost effective in a range of settings, despite differences in their relative efficacy and contexts in which they are used.
Conclusion: This systematic review collates recent studies on the cost-effectiveness of nevirapine and lopinavir/ritonavir in ART. It showed that in this finding, there are cost effective but this article had wide variation  with comparison therapy. Cost-effectiveness results depended on the relative efficacy of lopinavir/ritonavir and nevirapine in both first-line and second-line ART.
Nursing Students’ Experiences of Palliative Care for Dying Patient
Authors: Hidayat Ibnu Syarifudin , Damiati Nia , Al Ayubi Moch Thoriq Assegaf
Published: April 2024

A nurse requires to acquire the proper ability to care for dying patients. In nursing education, palliative care is a complex action that tends to be challenging for nursing students. This is because there is an interaction among learning professionalism, emotional empathy, and other grieving feelings related to the palliative conditions of the patient. Palliative care interventions provide various challenges and learning for nursing students according to socio-cultural and demographic characteristics. This study aimed to determine nursing students’ experiences of caring for dying patients. This research was qualitative research with a phenomenological design. The data was obtained through in-depth interviews. Based on data saturation, 12 informants had experiences of caring for dying patients within a previous year, obtained through a purposive sampling method. The audio recordings were collected and analyzed using the Collaizi technique. This study identified four themes: 1) feelings of caring for dying patients; 2) caring for dying patients; 3) self-influence in caring for dying patients; and 4) barriers to caring for dying patients. Feelings of fear, tension, confusion, and anxiety emerged when first time caring for a dying patient. The results of this study are expected as a reference for further research related caring for dying patients.
Synthesis of Some New Amino Carbonyl Compounds by Mannich Reaction
Authors: Dawood Nagham , Saeed Banan , Saeed Zainab
Published: April 2024

Beta-aminocarbonyl compounds are important intermediates produced from Mannich condensation. In this research, benzaldehyde, para-hydroxy acetophenone or para-nitro acetophenone were reacted with a various of primary aromatic amines to give compounds (1-7) and (8-14), respectively. The chemical formulas of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by conducting some physical and spectroscopic measurements, such as, melting points, IR and H1-NMR spectrum. After testing the biological activity of some of the synthesized compounds (8,10,11,13) using Gram-positive (Streptococcus, and Staphylococcus aureus), Gram-negative (Klebsiella spp., and Escherichia coli) bacteria, as well as yeast strains, were chosen for this investigation (candidan albicans). Isolated bacteria were identified using standard methods of isolation and identification, including direct assays and culture on various media. Some theoretical tests have also been carried out such as SwissADME and cardioToxCSM prediction on all prepared compounds to predict their activity in terms of pharmacokinetic properties (ADME) and also predict their cardiotoxicity on some heart functions such as arrhythmia, cardiac failure, heart block, hERG toxicity, Hypertension (HT), and Myocardial Infarction (MI).

 

Keywords: Secondary amines, aldehyde, Mannich condensation, antimicrobial activity.
Biological and clinical significance of 7-hydroxymatairesinol: from theory to practice
Authors:   Ivanovo State Medical Academy, Ivanovo, Russian Federation, Rubashkina A.N. , Gromova O.A. ,   Federal Research Center “Computer Science and Control”, Moscow, Russian Federation, Torshin I.Yu. ,   Federal Research Center “Computer Science and Control”, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kerimkulova N.V. ,   Ivanovo State Medical Academy, Ivanovo, Russian Federation
Published: April 2024

Among all the properties of 7-hydroxymatairesinol (7-HMR), the least studied are antitumor ones, including against the background of fibrocystic mastopathy (FCM). Objective. To study the effects of 7-HMR on the growth rate of the tumor node in outbred female mice with a standard model of spontaneous breast cancer (BC; Ehrlich carcinoma, EC), as well as the effect of oral administration of 7-HMR on the balance of estrogen metabolites and their ratios, lipid profile and some clinical aspects of the course of FCM. Materials and methods. Experiment: Ehrlich carcinoma (EC) model with growth stimulation with estradiol valerate (EV, 0.51 mg/kg, female mice (n = 90), 5 groups (n = 18): (1) EC, 7-HMR, 60 mg/ kg/day, i.g., (2) EC, 7-GMR, 120 mg/kg/day, i.g., (3) EC, 7-GMR at a dose of 120 mg/kg per day + EV, i.g., (4) CE + EV, i.g., 21 days, (5) control, CE, no drugs. Results. Administration of EVs led to a slight increase in the growth rate of tumor nodes, which was statistically significantly inhibited by taking 7-HMR (120 mg/kg/day) on day 21: the average volume of a tumor node was 321.9 mm3, (p = 0.007), (control with EV). Sixty women were observed: patients with FCM (~52.6 years) and participants without FCM (n = 20, ~55 years). Estrogen derivatives and their ratios in urine per day were measured: 16a-ONE1, 2-ONE2, 2-ONE1, 4-OMEE2, 2-OMEE1, 4-ONE1, 2-ONE1/16a-ONE1, 2-ONE1/2-OMeE1 and 4-OHE1/4-OMeE1. Hyperestrogenism was detected in patients with FCM. The use of 7-HMR (60 mg/day, 30 days) decreased the content of estradiol (at baseline – 15.10 ± 4.8 μg/day; after taking 7-HMR – 1.63 ± 0.2 μg/day; p < 0.05), estrone (at baseline – 13.99 ± 3.02 mcg/day; after taking 7-GMR. – 2.42 ± 0.03 mcg/day, p < 0.05) in the FCM group. The use of 7-HMR reduced the concentration of 16a-ONE1 in patients with FCM by -1.80 μg/day, p = 0.03. During treatment, an increase in the ratio of 2-ONE1/16a-ONE1 metabolites was detected in the FCM group (at baseline – 1.69 ± 0.09 μg/day, after 7-HMR – 3.7 ± 0.48 μg/day, trend, p = 0.09). In general, in 67.5% of patients with FCM, positive dynamics of therapy were established, including elimination of the pain syndrome of FCM. Key words: Lignans, 7-hydroxymatairesinol, Ehrlich's solid carcinoma, mice, estrogens, combination therapy, fibrocystic breast disease
Unilateral hybrid pelvic floor surgical reconstruction. Modified flap technique
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Suchkov D.A. , Shakhaliev R.A. ,   Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Shulgin A.S. ,   Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Kubin N.D. ,   Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Neklasova S.V. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Savelyeva T.V. ,   Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Shkarupa D.D. ,   Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: April 2024

Sacrospinous fixation is one of the most studied treatments for pelvic organ prolapse (POP), but the prevention of implantrelated complications remains unresolved. To isolate the mesh materials from the incision line and to prevent the development of chronic pelvic pain syndrome due to rigid fixation, a modification of hybrid pelvic floor reconstruction was performed, where a U-shaped vascularized vaginal flap acts as the main fixation point of the mesh implant. Objective. To study the efficacy and safety of a modified flap technique for unilateral hybrid pelvic floor surgical reconstruction. Patients and methods. A database of 128 case histories was generated. Inclusion criteria: apical anterior prolapse (POP-Q: Ba, C ≥ 0), hybrid pelvic floor surgical reconstruction using mesh endoprosthesis and vascularized vaginal flap performed between May 2020 and September 2022. The variables under study included POP stage, results of the PFDI-20, PISQ-12, and ICIQ-SF questionnaires, intraoperative complications. Patients who underwent surgery were invited for consultation. The following parameters were evaluated: POP stage, presence of mesh erosion, de novo dyspareunia, de novo chronic pelvic pain, de novo functional disorders (an overactive or atonic bladder, stress urinary incontinence (SUI), defecation disorders), repeat surgeries for POP and SUI. The PFDI-20, PISQ-12, and ICIQ-SF questionnaires were filled in. Satisfaction with treatment was assessed using the PGI-I scale. Four patients underwent contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvic organs. Results. The results showed a significant improvement in the quality of life after surgery in 113 (96.6%) cases. Only 3 (2.6%) patients had persistent POP symptoms. Of the 117 patients with baseline moderate or severe urinary incontinence, 45 (38.5%) showed improvement in 41 (91.1%) cases. Assessment of the quality of sexual life showed improvement in 27 (77.1%) of 35 patients, and 4 patients returned to sexual activity after surgery. Satisfaction with the results of treatment was noted in 109 (93.2%) patients. Conclusion. Flap modification for unilateral hybrid pelvic floor surgical reconstruction is an effective and safe method of preventing the development of implant-related complications in the correction of POP. Key words: pelvic organ prolapse, mesh implant, vaginal flap
The impact of general anesthesia versus neuraxial anesthesia on obstetric outcomes of elective cesarean sections
Authors:   Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt, Lashin A. , Abdelwahab N. ,   Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt, Elkemary F. ,   Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt, Ibrahim D. ,   Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt, Eldeeb N. ,   Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt, Elsakhawy H. ,   Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt, Elhadi W. ,   Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt, Azzam R. ,   Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt, Zahran G. ,   Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt, Khalil H. ,   Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt, Elbohouty M. ,   Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt, Elsaied R. ,   Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt, Hassan A.E. ,   Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
Published: April 2024

Objective. To determine which type of anesthesia, general or spinal, causes less amount of blood loss in elective cesarean section. Patients and methods. An observational randomized controlled study including 300 women was conducted at the Al-Zahraa University Maternity Hospital. Two patient groups were identified: group G (general anesthesia) (n = 150) and group S (spinal anesthesia) (n = 150). All patients underwent elective cesarean section with identical operative steps by the same surgeon. Anesthesia, general or spinal, was standard. Data were collected, including age, parity, pre- and postoperative heart rate and blood pressure, pre- and postoperative complete blood count (on day 3), type of anesthesia, duration of surgery, complications (atonic postpartum hemorrhage, uterine extension), postoperative urinary output, need for blood transfusion, fainting and headache attacks, time to breastfeeding, ambulation, and passing flatus. Data on postoperative analgesia were also obtained, including time to first analgesic request and number of doses taken. The amount of intraoperative blood loss was estimated using the acute normovolemic hemodilution technique. Results. When using changes in hemoglobin levels to estimate blood loss, group S showed statistically significantly less blood loss than group G, with a mean difference of 103.7 mL (p < 0.05). When using hematocrit levels, group S showed statistically significantly less blood loss than group G, with a mean difference of 114 mL (p < 0.05). Headache attacks were more frequent in group S (78) than in group G (19) (p < 0.05). Group S started breastfeeding 5 hours earlier than group G (p < 0.05). Group S started postoperative ambulation 4 hours earlier than group G (p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between both groups regarding time to first analgesic request, heart rate, blood pressure, urinary output, and fainting attacks in the postoperative period. Conclusion. Spinal anesthesia has certain advantages over general anesthesia: higher postoperative hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, less intraoperative blood loss, less postoperative pain, less need for analgesia, earlier ambulation, and earlier initiation of breastfeeding. Key words: spinal anesthesia, general anesthesia, cesarean section
Dynamics of change in psycho-emotional and cognitive states in reproductive-aged women receiving estetrol-containing combined oral contraceptives
Authors:   Volgograd State Medical University, Volgograd, Russian Federation, Sviridova N.I. , Barulin A.E. ,   Volgograd State Medical University, Volgograd, Russian Federation
Published: April 2024

Objective. To study the dynamics of change in psycho-emotional and cognitive indicators in reproductive-aged women receiving a combined oral contraceptive (COC) with estetrol/drospirenone. Patients and methods. A prospective open-label observational study included 64 patients aged 18 to 45 years who applied for contraception selection. According to the study protocol, all patients underwent general clinical examination at baseline, 3 and 6 months from the start of COC administration. The examination included calculation of body mass index (BMI) by Brey formula, measurement of blood pressure, transvaginal ultrasound, assessment of psycho-emotional state and cognitive function. Results. The data obtained in this study indicate a positive effect of COC containing estetrol/drospirenone on the psychoemotional state and cognitive function in patients, which is characterized by increased levels of physical activity regardless of age, decreased levels of anxiety and depression, greater satisfaction with sleep quantity and quality, improved cognitive function due to a positive effect mainly on mild cognitive disorders. Conclusion. Current data on the neuroprotective effect of estetrol in relation to the central nervous system require further study and comprehension. Key words: psycho-emotional state, cognitive disorders, combined oral contraceptive, estetrol, drospirenone
Role of inositols and their synergists in perimenopausal osteoporosis and polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors:   Federal Research Center “Computer Science and Control”, Moscow, Russian Federation, Gromova O.A. , Torshin I.Yu. ,   Federal Research Center “Computer Science and Control”, Moscow, Russian Federation;
Published: April 2024

The hormonal restructuring of a woman’s body is essential in the development of perimenopausal osteoporosis. Perimenopause is characterized by a decreased osteoprotective action of estrogens, increased severity of insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, and the negative impact of these factors on bone structure (suppression of osteoblast function, activation of osteoclasts). This article presents the results of a systematic literature review on the effects of B8 vitamers (myoinositol, D-chiroinositol) and their synergists (manganese, folate) on bone tissue. Phospho-derivatives of inositols may influence bone repair process through (1) activity of inositol-dependent proteins (Inpp4b, IP6K1, SHIP1), NFATc1 protein, and the RANKL/NF-kB cascade, (2) participation in the signaling cascade of calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) and in the mechanisms of realization of antiresorptive properties of strontium, (3) participation in the realization of biological effects of parathyroid hormone (PTH), (4) estrogen-dependent regulation of osteoblast apoptosis. The supplemental administration of myoinositol, D-chiroinositol, manganese, and folate in the perimenopausal period may have a positive effect on bone metabolism in women. Key words: osteopenia, hypoestrogenism, polycystic ovary syndrome, Dikirogen, myoinositol, D-chiroinositol, manganese pyroglutamate, folic acid, nutrient deficiencies
Incidence of benign breast dysplasia: before and during the pandemic
Authors:   Ural State Medical University, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Sevostyanova O.Yu. , Bashmakova N.V. ,   Ural Research Institute of Maternity and Child Care, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Chumarnaya T.V. ,   Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Oboskalova T.A. ,   Ural State Medical University, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Sevostyanova N.E. ,   5 Military Clinical Hospital of the National Guard of the Russian Federation, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
Published: April 2024

Objective. To analyze the incidence of benign breast dysplasia (BBD) in women in the Ural Federal District (UFD) for the period 2012–2022. Materials and methods. The indicators of primary and overall incidence of BBD in 2012–2022 posted on the website of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and the Central Research Institute of Healthcare Organization and Informatization were reviewed. Results. The primary and overall incidence of BBD in female adult population in UFD had multidirectional trends in 2012–2022. An increase in the indicators in the pre-pandemic period was noted. The primary incidence increased more dramatically in 2018–2019 (2018: pTFR = 0.011; 2019: pTFR = 0.0007). The average growth rate (AGR) of the indicator was 3.4% and corresponded to a moderate trend. The overall incidence increased in 2014–2019 compared to 2012 (2014–2019: pTFR < 0.001). AGR of the overall incidence of BBD was 5.3%. A pronounced growth rate was observed. In 2020–2022, a drastic decrease in incidence rates was registered compared to 2019 (p < 0.001). During the COVID-19 pandemic, AGR of the primary incidence of BBD was -11.50% and the overall incidence was -5.70%. Conclusion. The dynamics of the incidence of BBD in women in UFD between 2012 and 2022 can be used to analyze the epidemiological situation and plan medical care in the regions of the district. Key words: benign breast dysplasia, incidence rate, Ural Federal District
Clinical, electrical, and functional changes following CRT-P implantation: short-term results in patients with non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Mostafa S. A. , Abdelmoneim A. М. , Ramadan H. , Elkeshk E. S.
Published: April 2024

Aim. Assessment of the correlation between cardiac remodeling, functional status and electrical remodeling after cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) in patients with non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy.

Material and methods. A single center, prospective, observational study included 50 patients with non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy who were candidate for CRT implantation. All patients prior to CRT and then 3 months after implantation had standard 12-lead surface ECGs to assess QRSd for assessment electrical response, for assessment of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and volumes (left ventricular end diastolic and systolic volume, LVEDV and LVESV), mitral regurgitation (degree of mitral regurgitation), pulmonary artery systolic pressure (for diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension), NYHA class and 6 minute walk test (6MWT) to assess patient’s functional capacity.

Results. 50 patients with CRT were included (35 males and 15 females, mean age 54.88±7.48 years). All patients were in sinus rhythm with QRS duration (QRSd) ≥120 ms, EF<35% and left bundle branch block. After 3 months; there was significant improvement in QRSd in 82% of the cases (145.3±16.3 ms vs 133.3±17.2 ms, p<0.001). NYHA class improved at least one class in 78% and 6 min walk test improved in 80% (168.5 [131.0; 181.0] m vs 280.0 [237.0; 297.0] m, p<0.001). LVEF increased significantly in 74% of study cases (28.6±2.7 vs 34.5±3.1, p value 0.001) also there were statistically significant improvement in LVEDV (267.0±45.7 to 221.8±41.9 ml, p=0.002) and LVESV (137.43±47.19 to 105.03±42.7 ml, p=0.003). There was statistically significant correlation between QRSd and NYHA class (r=0.392, p=0.005), QRSd and 6MWT (r=0.323, p=0.022) and QRSd with LVEF (r=0.672 with p<0.001). Only seven patients showed improvement in the 3 parameters: LVESV, QRS duration and 6 min walk test.

Conclusion. The CRT-pacemaker implantation was associated with significant improvement in QRSd, NYHA class, 6MWT and LV volumes in the short-term period. QRSd improvement was significantly correlated with functional status and LV EF.
A rare clinical case of pulmonary artery sarcoma
Authors: Bikbaeva G. R. , Kovalskaya A. N. , Rodin A. P. , Salamov G. V. , Pavlova T. V. , Duplyakov D. V.
Published: April 2024

Pulmonary artery sarcoma (PAS) is a malignant and very rare tumor with frequent misdiagnosis. A rare clinical case with this pathology is presented. The patient had daily fever for 6 months, he was examined in various hospitals, but the cause of fever could not be determined. In our hospital, echocardiography revealed a mass in the left pulmonary artery (PA) with obstruction. CT-angiopulmonography showed a filling defect in the left PA, blocking the lumen of the artery by 90%. According to histopathology, the patient was diagnosed with pulmonary artery sarcoma. Subsequently, the following was performed: thrombendarterectomy from the pulmonary artery, combined pneumonectomy on the left side, suturing of the secondary atrial septal defect, followed by 3 courses of monochemotherapy with paclitaxel. After 1 year and 9 months, due to disease progression the patient died. The prognosis of PAS depends on early diagnosis, so doctors should be aware of this disease and use the best treatment options.
EMPIRICAL INSIGHTS INTO THE INFLUENCE OF FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT ON CAPITAL MARKETS IN SOUTHEAST ASIA
Authors: Samosir Nikolas , Usman Berto
Published: April 2024

The rise of capital markets around the world has paved the way for new research on the relationship between financial development and capital market performance. This becomes relevant as capital markets are now more accessible to foreign capital flows as a result of economic liberalization and globalization. Therefore, this study intends to provide empirical evidence of the impact of financial development proxied by three parts, namely financial access, financial efficiency and financial stability based on critical mass theory. Operationally, this study uses a sample of 6 countries in ASEAN with an annual observation period from 2007 to 2022. With the characteristics and structure of panel data, this study uses panel regression analysis with a total data of 672 observations (country-years). The analysis used also applies a fixed-effects model (FEM) at the country (Country-FE) and year (Year-FE) levels. The results show that there is a positive association between financial access and capital market performance, a negative association between financial efficiency and capital market performance, and a positive association between financial stability and capital market performance.
E-HRM USE ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE: A MEDIATION ANALYSIS
Authors: Situmorang Oloan , Mishel
Published: April 2024

People are the most important resource in an organization, agency or company without the human aspect it is difficult for the organization to carry out its mission and objectives. It can also be said that the human factor does not have the karma of the actors or objects that an organization wants to target. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of e-HRM on organizational performance mediated by employee performance and job satisfaction in PT. Fida Sukses Prosper directly or indirectly. PT. Fida Sukses Makmur is a company engaged in the trade of agricultural products such as garlic, onions, beans and other agricultural products. From the success already achieved, it is not independent of the use of e-HRM that can affect the performance of the organization. This study used data derived from 44 respondents from the results of the dissemination of questionnaires. This study was included in quantitative research using tests conducted in this study were outer model test, inner model test as well as hypothesis testing with SmartPLS 3. The results of this study prove that E-HRM has a positive and significant influence on organizational performance by mediating employee performance and job satisfaction.
Femoroacetabular Variations Are Predisposing Factors for Traumatic Posterior Hip Dislocation
Authors: Regenbogen Stephan , Shafizadeh Sven , Märdian Sven , Blum Philipp , Osten Philipp , Fuchs Thomas , Jaecker Vera
Published: April 2024

Background:

Although high-energy trauma mechanisms are generally considered to cause traumatic posterior hip dislocations, femoroacetabular variations are assumed to contribute to low-impact hip dislocations. Thus, the present study aimed to identify morphologic femoral and acetabular risk factors that may also contribute to posterior hip dislocations in high-energy trauma mechanisms.

Methods:

The acetabular and femoral morphology of 83 hips with a traumatic posterior dislocation following a high-energy trauma mechanism were analyzed and matched to a control group of 83 patients who sustained high-energy trauma without a hip injury. The lateral center-edge angle, acetabular index, acetabular depth/width ratio, cranial and central acetabular version angles, and the anterior and posterior acetabular sector angles were measured on computed tomography to quantify femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) morphology, acetabular version, and coverage. The caput-collum-diaphyseal angle and the alpha angles in the coronal and axial planes were measured to detect cam-type FAI deformity. A receiver operating characteristic curve was utilized to determine threshold values for an increased risk of hip dislocation.

Results:

Acetabular retroversion and posterior acetabular undercoverage were significantly increased in patients with hip dislocations compared with controls (p < 0.001). The central acetabular version angle and posterior acetabular sector angle that indicated an increased risk of hip dislocation were ≤9° and ≤90°, respectively. Cam-type FAI deformity and coxa valga were significantly increased in the dislocation group (p < 0.001). The anterolateral alpha angle that indicated an increased dislocation risk was ≥47°.

Conclusions:

Acetabular retroversion, posterior acetabular undercoverage, and cam-type FAI morphology may be risk factors contributing to traumatic posterior hip dislocation in high-energy trauma mechanisms.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
AOA Critical Issues: Promoting Leadership Development Among Orthopaedic Faculty
Authors: Burger Evalina , Ghanayem Alexander , Mulcahey Mary K.
Published: April 2024

All orthopaedic surgeons are leaders in the operating room and clinic, and many orthopaedic surgeons choose to pursue other formal leadership roles. Effective leaders are proficient communicators, have high emotional intelligence, have a growth mindset, create structure, and facilitate teamwork. Participating in formal leadership training offered through the American Orthopaedic Association, the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, or advanced degree programs can facilitate the development of leadership skills. By setting goals, being aware of available leadership positions, and promoting diversity, senior leaders may help orthopaedic faculty to achieve senior leadership roles. Maxwell’s leadership hierarchy, which consists of 5 levels of leadership (position, permission, production, people development, and pinnacle), provides a framework for the promotion and mentorship of junior partners by senior leaders. Seeking out and promoting leadership will encourage an environment of leaders and improve the field of orthopaedic surgery.
TAPHONOMIC ANALYSIS OF AN ARTICULATED BALEEN WHALE (CETACEA; MYSTICETI) FROM UPPER MIOCENE INNER SHELF DEPOSITS OF PENÍNSULA VALDÉS, PATAGONIA, ARGENTINA
Authors: FARRONI NICOLÁS DANIEL , CUITIÑO JOSÉ IGNACIO , LAZO DARÍO GUSTAVO , BUONO MÓNICA ROMINA
Published: April 2024

Fieldwork at Península Valdés (Chubut, Argentina) in the Puerto Madryn Formation (Late Miocene) resulted in the discovery of a well-preserved, almost fully articulated, baleen whale (Cetacea, Mysticeti). This specimen, one of the most complete balaenid skeletons known from the Neogene of Argentina and worldwide, was the focus of a taphonomic analysis employing a multidisciplinary approach, integrating taxonomic, sedimentological, stratigraphic, and ichnological analyses, with the aim of reconstructing the taphonomic processes and the paleoenvironmental conditions that controlled preservation of the specimen. The skeleton belongs to the family Balaenidae (right whales). It displays a high degree of articulation, moderate pre-burial fragmentation, and relatively high completeness. Our results suggest that after death, the balaenid suffered a brief biostratinomic phase that can be summarized in four stages: (1) death at sea, with initial decomposition and positive buoyancy of the carcass; (2) internal accumulation of putrefaction gases, re-orientation, then gas loss; (3) sinking and deposition in a ventral-up position on the sea floor of the inner shelf; and (4) lateral re-orientation of the postcranial region due to physical and biological processes. The high degree of articulation and association of the skeletal elements, and the presence of both mandibles, indicate no lateral transport on the seabed and excludes refloating of the carcass at any stage. Finally, the data indicate a low-energy shelf environment with normal marine benthic oxygenation and salinity conditions, characterized by a soft bottom and a moderate sedimentation rate. The last, combined with high bioturbation, plus scour-induced self-burial, resulted in rapid burial of the carcass.
Unique Multicomponent Fe, Mn, Ti, V Mineralization in Laterite Profiles of Weathered Carbonatites: New Prospects
Authors: Lapin A.V. , Tolstov A.V. , Nabelkin O.A. , Kulikova I.M.
Published: April 2024

—Data from the Chuktukon, Tomtor (Russia), and Morro dos Seis Lagos (Brazil) mineral deposits demonstrate that the mineral potential of laterite produced by weathering of carbonatites can be extended with Fe, Mn, Ti, and V, which are commonly beyond the conventional ore production. Several previously unknown factors have been revealed, which control the mineral potential of laterite: reduction of weathering products, composition and ore contents of carbonatite, lateral and vertical migration of elements, as well as liquid fractionation of colloids in upper zones of weathering profiles. The reported study provides additional arguments for the idea that laterite derived from carbonatites stores unique multicomponent mineralization of heavy lanthanides, Y, Sc, Fe, Mn, Ti, V, Sr, Ba, Al, and Ga, besides the common target commodities of Nb, La, Ce, and P.
Deterministic and Stochastic Modeling in Prediction of Petrophysical Properties of an Albian Carbonate Reservoir in the Campos Basin (Southeastern Brazil)
Authors: Carrasquilla A. , Guerra R.
Published: April 2024

—Permeability is one of the most significant and challenging parameters to estimate when characterizing an oil reservoir. Several empirical methods with geophysical borehole logs have been employed to estimate it indirectly. They include the Timur model, which uses conventional logs, and the Timur–Coates model, which uses the nuclear magnetic resonance log. The first goal of this study was to evaluate porosity, because it directly impacts permeability estimates. Deterministic and stochastic inversions were then carried out, as the main objective of this work was to estimate the permeability in a carbonate reservoir of the Campos Basin, Southeastern Brazil. The ridge regression scheme was used to invert the Timur and Timur–Coates equations deterministically. The stochastic inversion was later solved using fuzzy logic as the forward problem, and the Monte Carlo method was utilized to assess uncertainty. The goodness of fit for the estimations was all checked with porosity and permeability laboratory data using the Pearson correlation coefficient (R), root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and Willmott’s agreement index (d). The results for the Timur model were R = 0.41; RMSE = 333.28; MAE = 95.56; and d = 0.55. These values were worse for the Timur–Coates model, with R = 0.39; RMSE = 355.28; MAE = 79.35; and d = 0.51. The Timur model with flow zones had R = 0.55; RMSE = 210.88; MAE = 116.66; and d = 0.84, which outperformed the other two models. The deterministic inversion showed, thus, little ability to adapt to the significant variations of the permeability values along the well, as can be seen from comparing these three approaches. However, the stochastic inversion using three bins had R = 0.35; RMSE = 320.27; MAE = 190.93; and d = 0.73, looking worse than the deterministic inversion. In the meantime, the stochastic inversion with six bins successfully adjusted the set of laboratory observations, because it provides R = 0.87; RMSE = 156.81; MAE = 74.60; and d = 0.92. This way, the last approach has proven it can produce a reliable solution with consistent parameters and an accurate permeability estimation.
Technology Focus: Natural Gas Processing and Handling (April 2024)
Authors: Nagoo Anand
Published: April 2024

In the realm of natural gas processing and handling, the integration of new technologies and innovative approaches plays a pivotal role in driving sustainable advancements and value gains. These advancements are crucial for enhancing operational efficiency, reducing environmental impacts, and meeting the increasing global demand for natural gas as a key fuel powering the energy evolution.

Recent research has highlighted the significance of innovative technologies in this field. For instance, paper SPE 216098 presents a case study from the Gulf of Thailand in which emissions were reduced with a breakthrough in lean (extremely low-BTU) gas flare-tip technology.

Additionally, paper SPE 216883 explores the application of the annular injection mixer concept for use in the evaporation of heavy hydrocarbon in a natural gas stream within a short distance. This technology of evaporating heavy hydrocarbons in liquefied petroleum gas streams offers significant cost benefits for plant development because it could prevent the installation of an evaporator and increase the market value of the product.

Finally, paper SPE 214974 describes a new chemical-free process that has been developed with a small carbon footprint to capture exhaust from natural gas drive compressors (reducing emissions) and support gas-fueled production equipment. The novel technology presented incorporates practical solutions for operators to reduce their greenhouse-gas Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions while maintaining their preferred natural gas fuel source at their midstream, transport, and production sites.

These highlighted papers are merely a sampling of a larger theme of how the integration of new technologies and innovative approaches is paramount for driving value gains in natural gas processing and handling. Such advancements will play a crucial role in improving efficiency, reducing methane emissions, improving safety standards, and ensuring the sustainability of the natural gas sector in the future.

Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.

SPE 215386 Low-Cost Approach To Significantly Reduce Operational Cost and Improve Facility Reliability in Banyu Urip Acid Gas Removal Unit by Vicky Wijaya, ExxonMobil, et al.

SPE 215113 Underground Gas Storage Capacity Estimation Considering Water Evaporation and Salt Precipitation in Depleted Gas Reservoirs: Method and Case Study in W23 UGS by Youwei He, Southwest Petroleum University, et al.

IPTC 22799 Success Story of the Development of Extremely Low-BTU Flare-Tip Technology by Boonyakorn Assavanives, PTTEP, et al.