bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Global South Perspectives on Stonewall after 50 Years, Part I—South by South, Trans for Trans
Authors: Silva Mariah Rafaela , Jacobo Jaya
Published: November 2020

Abstract The riots against a New York City police raid at the Stonewall Inn bar in June, 1969, are often identified as having sparked the movement for LGBT rights, and the commemoration of the riots one year later in June, 1970, inaugurated a series of annual LGBT Pride events that continues to this day worldwide. In this two-part Forum, we reflect on the contradictory effects of Stonewall’s international legacy. Which facts or legends are celebrated and which are marginalized fifty years later? How has the sign ‘Stonewall’ come to inspire and/or sideline other resistances as the US event became appropriated globally? In this first part of the Forum, Silva and Jacobo consider how trans women of colour in the Global South have pursued the struggle of the pioneering trans women activists in New York City and engaged the history of Stonewall beyond the United States, negating the whitewashing of discourse on the riots by hegemonic cis gay men and cis lesbian women of the movement, even in their respective nations, Brazil and the Philippines. This forum contribution pays tribute to black and brown trans persons whose bodies had been thought of as monstrous in the heart of empire and elsewhere, where empire remains. The authors together aspire to think the planet from their coordinates: south by south, trans for trans. From the sisterhood they forged, these two trans women from Rio de Janeiro and Manila, imbricated in their wounds but bound together by a will to heal, theorize resistance and reexistence as women in a decolonial, transfeminist present.
Estudo do potencial de contaminação do Aterro Controlado do Jóquei Clube, Distrito Federal
Authors: Giacomazzo Andressa Pereira , Almeida Wagner Santos de
Published: November 2020

RESUMO O Aterro Controlado do Jóquei Clube (ACJC), localizado no Distrito Federal, operou como área de disposição final inadequada de resíduos sólidos desde 1960 até o início de 2018. O principal objetivo desta pesquisa consistiu em avaliar o potencial de contaminação desse aterro, em razão da produção de chorume e biogás. Inicialmente, foram identificadas as áreas mais suscetíveis à contaminação nas sub-bacias hidrográficas do Bananal e do Riacho Fundo, onde o aterro está situado, por meio da produção de um mapa de vulnerabilidade natural à contaminação dos aquíferos. Para tanto, utilizou-se a metodologia DRASTIC, que consiste em uma combinação linear ponderada de sete parâmetros hidrogeológicos, com o auxílio da ferramenta de análise multicritério AHP (Análise Hierárquica de Processos) e de algoritmos de álgebra de mapas implementados em ambiente de Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG). Esse mapa evidenciou que o ACJC está localizado em áreas de moderada a elevada vulnerabilidade natural à contaminação. Simulou-se também o balanço hídrico no aterro por meio do modelo Hydrologic Evaluation of Landfill Performance (HELP), o qual possibilitou a identificação de áreas com maior potencial de contaminação em razão do maior volume de chorume produzido. Por fim, realizou-se uma análise da temperatura de cobertura do solo na região do aterro, por meio de imagens sazonais do sensor orbital TM/Landsat entre os anos de 1986 e 2016, as quais evidenciaram aumento gradual da temperatura, servindo de possível indicador da distribuição subsuperficial de biogás presente no aterro.
Análise das internações e da mortalidade por doenças febris, infecciosas e parasitárias durante a pandemia da COVID-19 no Brasil
Authors: Dias Nikolas Lisboa Coda , Faccini-Martínez Álvaro A. , Oliveira Stefan Vilges de
Published: November 2020

Introdução: Em meio à pandemia da COVID-19, as doenças febris indiferenciadas estão sendo menos detectadas e ou confundidas em diagnósticos clínicos, o que implica em tratamentos tardios e a piora no prognóstico. Objetivo: Avaliar as internações e a taxa de mortalidade das doenças febris indiferenciadas que ocorreram simultaneamente a COVID-19 no Brasil. Método: Foi realizada uma análise descritiva e quantitativa do número das internações mensais, taxas de mortalidade, gastos e permanência média das internações por leishmaniose visceral, leptospirose, malária e dengue. Os dados foram obtidos no Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIH/SUS), durante os primeiro oito meses de 2020 e confrontados com valores médios desse mesmo período dos anos de 2017 a 2019. Resultados: O número de internações por leishmaniose visceral, leptospirose e malária em 2020 apresentaram um decréscimo de 32,87%, 43,59%, 29,31%, enquanto dengue um acréscimo de 29,51% em comparação as médias de 2017 a 2019. A taxa de mortalidade (2020) teve acréscimo de 32,64%, 38,98%, 82,55% e 14,26% para as respectivas doenças. Os gastos e os tempos médios de permanência oscilaram proporcionalmente de acordo com as internações, sem importantes variações detectadas. Discussão: Discutiu-se a possibilidade de subnotificações, diagnósticos equivocados e tardios, com consequente aumento da taxa de mortalidade nas doenças febris indiferenciadas. É necessário que o sistema de saúde esteja em atenção, e não negligencie as doenças febris indiferenciadas já endêmicas do país em decorrência do momento pandêmico. A investigação clínica e epidemiológica deverá considerar um protocolo sindrômico para reduzir os impactos das doenças febris indiferenciadas no Brasil.
Effects of load-induced micro-cracks on chloride penetration resistance in different types of concrete
Authors: Russo Nicoletta , Gastaldi Matteo , Marras Pietro , Schiavi Luca , Strini Alberto , Lollini Federica
Published: November 2020

Chloride penetration resistance of concrete is one of the key parameters for the durability design of reinforced concrete structures located in chloride-bearing environments. In all the current available durability models, service life is evaluated considering concrete in uncracked conditions, which is rarely found in practice. This work investigates chloride penetration resistance of concrete in uncracked and micro-cracked configurations, evaluated in terms of chloride migration coefficient through non-steady state migration test (Rapid Chloride Migration test). Prismatic specimens were manufactured considering six different concrete types and two different times of curing. In micro-cracked configuration, cracks were obtained with a specifically developed loading procedure. Micro-cracks were characterized at the end of the exposure test, in terms of crack width at the exposed surface and crack depth. Results showed that cracks were 5–70 μm wide and up to 40 mm deep, always causing an increase in chloride penetration, that should be evaluated considering both crack width and crack depth, with respect to sound conditions. The effects on the chloride penetration seemed to be more pronounced on the more impervious concretes.
Influence of Diclofenac on Activated Sludge Bacterial Communities in Fed-Batch Reactors
Authors: Kraigher Barbara , Mandic-Mulec Ines
Published: November 2020

Research background. The occurrence and environmental toxicity of pharmaceuticals have recently attracted increasing attention. Diclofenac is a highly consumed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, which is often detected in wastewaters, but investigations of its influence on bacteria are scarce.

Experimental approach. We investigated the influence of this pharmaceutical on bacterial community in activated sludge exposed to increasing concentrations of diclofenac in fed-batch reactors over 41 days. Nitrification activity of the activated sludge was measured and changes in bacterial community structure were followed using culture-independent molecular method (terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism, T-RFLP) and by the cultivation approach.

Results and conclusions. Nitrification activity was not detectably influenced by addition of diclofenac, while the main change of the bacterial community structure was detected only at the end of incubation (after 41 days) when diclofenac was added to artificial wastewater as the only carbon source. Changes in community composition due to enrichment were also observed using cultivation approach. However, taxonomic affiliation of isolates did not match taxons identified by T-RFLP community profiling. Isolates obtained from inoculum activated sludge belonged to five genera: Comamonas, Arthrobacter, Acinetobacter, Citrobacter and Aeromonas, known for their potential to degrade aromatic compounds. However, only Pseudomonas species were isolated after the last enrichment step on minimal agar plates with diclofenac added as the sole carbon source.

Novelty and scientific contribution. Our results suggested that the selected recalcitrant and commonly detected pharmaceutical does not strongly influence the sensitive and important nitrification process of wastewater treatment neither. Moreover, the isolated strains obtained after enrichment procedure that were able to grow on minimal agar plates with diclofenac added as the only carbon source could serve as potential model bacteria to study bacterial diclofenac degradation.
Acute Adrenal Insufficiency in a Patient with Metastatic Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma
Authors: Sciortino Teresa , Karnchanasorn Rudruidee
Published: November 2020

n/a
Second Survey of County Health Departments of Kansas and COVID 19: Time for change in model for pandemic response
Authors: Raghuveer Talkad S , Zackula Rosey , Wittler Robert
Published: November 2020

Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2) causing COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) continues to be widespread in Kansas.  County health departments are trying to contain this pandemic. 
Methods: This second survey of Kansas county health department directors occurred from August 7 to September 7, 2020.  Since the first survey in April, there have been significant increases in the number of positive cases of COVID-19 and related deaths.  Thus, the aim of the study was to re-evaluate county-level containment efforts and assess shortfalls that were previously identified in the April 2020 survey.
Results: In total, 41 out of 105 directors responded to the survey.  Generally, respondents said there were increased supplies for testing, increased testing centers, shorter time to get test results, and in some cases, increased funding.  However, the number of people involved in contact tracing had not substantially increased, which was one of the recommended changes for improving containment.  Moreover, of those persons who were tested, only a few (18%) counties inquired if they wear masks in public.  From comments reported, there was a sense of employees being overwhelmed, especially among the smaller county health departments.
Conclusions: As the cases of and deaths from COVID-19 are increasing in the state, especially in high density areas, the respondents to our survey indicate there is continued need for additional  funding with easy access, increased staffing, especially for contact tracing, and significant help for effective messaging to improve adherence to public health directives.
Operative Wound Care in Total Knee Artroplasty v1
Authors: Mululo Luisa , Loures Fabricio , Vanzillota Marcia , Mauricio Moraes do Carmo José , Campos Marcelo
Published: November 2020

Guidelines for surgical wound care for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty surgery performed at Hospital Universitario Pedro Ernesto.
Rehabilitation Protocol for Conservative Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis v1
Authors: Mululo Luisa , Loures Fabricio
Published: November 2020

Exercise guidelines for lower limbs for patients included in the multi-professional ambulatory for conservative treatment for knee osteoarthritis at Hospital Universitario Pedro Ernesto.
SEKOLAH TINGGI MIGAS DURI DENGAN PENERAPAN PASSIVE COOLING
Authors: Hakiki Rizky , Aldy Pedia , Hidayat Wahyu
Published: November 2020

Sekolah tinggi migas merupakan perguruan tinggi yang menyelenggarakan pendidikan akademik atau vokasi dalam lingkup satu disiplin ilmu pengetahuan yaitu migas. penggunaan Air Conditioner banyak digunakan untuk mengrontrol suhu, dan kelembaban udara dalam sebuah ruangan, untuk mencapai tingkat kenyamanan termal penggunanya. Peningkatan penggunaan AC menyebabkan peningkatan permintaan dalam mengkonsumsi energi. Ditambah lagi isu peningkatan populasi penduduk di Kota Duri, juga meningkatkan pembangunan, telah menyebabkan suhu rata-rata di Kota Duri meningkat. Passive cooling menjadi pilihan yang sangat tepat dengan kondisi termal yang ada di Kota Duri. Passive cooling adalah proses menurunkan temperatur ruang dalam hingga berada dalam temperatur ideal dengan proses alami tanpa penggunaan alat elektronik yang berlebihan. Karya arsitektur berupa sekolah tinggi migas dengan penerapan passive cooling akan memecahkan problematic kurang kebutuhan serta fasilitas pendidikan  yang nyaman dibidang migas pada daerah kota Duri,Kabupaten Bengkalis. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan data yang kompleks mengenai lokasi yang akan di lakukan penelitian. Survey dilakuan dengan melihat kondisi sekitar site ,arah pergerakan matahari, dan angin. Dari hasil penelitian akan diolah untuk menghasilkan kebutuhan dari penggunaan lahan, luasan yang akan di gunakan, dan penerapan dari prinsip passive cooling. Hasil analisa akan menghasilkan solusi dari permasalahan yaitu pertimbangan desain yang mengikuti dari kaidah passive cooling. Kata Kunci: Pendidikan, Sekolah Tinggi Migas, Passive cooling
PENERAPAN KONSEP “NEW NORMAL” PADA DESAIN SIRKULASI DAN SIGNAGE PUSAT PERBELANJAAN DI KAWASAN KUTA, BALI. (STUDI KASUS: BEACHWALK SHOPPING CENTER)
Authors: A. M. A. A. Gd. Tugus Hadi Iswara , Utami I Gusti Ayu Canny , Utami Ni Wayan Ardiarani
Published: November 2020

Konsep “New Normal” memberikan dampak yang signifikan terhadap perubahan aktivitas civitas dan tatanan ruang yang ada, baik dalam ranah interior maupun eksterior. Penyesuaian yang dilakukan oleh pusat perbelanjaan Beachwalk Shopping Center menyikapi pandemic COVID-19 merubah tatanan design yang telah ada. Diantaranya dalam hal penerapan elemen sirkulasi (signage) yang digunakan.  Menurut Lawrence K. Frank “Sign (signge) adalah pesan atau informasi yang muncul secara berturut-turut atau teratur dalam hubungannya dengan tanda-tanda yang penting dan menimbulkan respon pada manusia. Sebuah sign muncul secara berturut-turut atau teratur, tapi maksud berturut-turut atau teratur ini tidak dijelaskan lebih lanjut sehingga untuk saat ini hal itu tidak akan menjadi pertimbangan pengertian sebuah pertanda (sign). Signage sebagai elemen dasar yang memiliki fungsi utama sebagai alat komunikasi antar manusia dalam suatu bangunan atau lingkungan mengandung beberapa elemen penting. Elemen-Elemen ini akan membentuk image atau fisik keseluruhan dari sign yang juga berperan dalam keberhasilan penyampaian informasi yang ingin ditujukan oleh signage tersebut. Selain signage, elemen sirkulasi yang digunakan di Beachwalk Shopping Center ini juga menggunakan pola mall dan dalam unit took menggunakan pola banyak koridor. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif. Metode kualitatif bertujuan untuk memahami fenomena yang terjadi dan dialami oleh subjek penelitian, terkait dengan persepsi, perilaku dan tindakan secara keseluruhan serta menggunakan deskripsi dalam bentuk kata-kata dan Bahasa untuk suatu tujuan yang alamiah. Metode ini digunakan untuk menjelaskan konsep “New Normal” yang diterapkan pada desain sirkulasi dan signage Beachwalk Shopping Center sesuai dengan protokol kesehatan yang telah dikeluarkan oleh Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia melalui Surat Edaran Nomor HK.02.01/MENKES/335/2020 tentang Protokol PencegahanPenularan Covid-19 di Tempat Kerja Sektor Jasa dan Pedagangan (Area Publik) Dalam Mendukung Keberlangsungan Usaha. Berdasarkan hasil kajian, maka dapat diketahui bahwa desain sirkulasi dan signage pada Beachwalk Shopping Center telah memenuhi protokol kesehatan sesuai dengan Surat Edaran Kementerian KesehatanNomor HK.02.01/MENKES/335/2020 tentang Protokol Pencegahan Penularan Covid-19 di Tempat Kerja Sektor Jasa dan Pedagangan (Area Publik) Dalam Mendukung Keberlangsungan Usaha dalam masa “New Normal”. Penerapan protokol kesehatan untuk pengelola tempat usaha, pekerja dan konsumen telah terlaksana dengan baik terutama pada sirkulasi dan signage. Kesadaran tiap individu diharapkan dapat lebih memaksimalkan penerapan prokol kesehatan ini.
Legality of Rule of Law with Chinese Characteristics: A Case of “Ultra-Sinoism”
Authors: Younas Ammar
Published: November 2020

The legal progression in China is portrayed negatively by western scholars who often argue that the state institutions in China are subordinate to the control of Chinese Communist Party’s leadership which makes these institutions politically insignificant. We consider that the legal progression in China has an instrumental role in achieving “Harmonious Socialist Society.” The purpose of this thesis is to provide an analytical literature review of scholastic work to explain the legality of rule of law in China and to elaborate the outcomes of China’s recent legal developments. This paper has two main subjects. First, it examines the nature of law and rule of law in China through the prism of different legal theories. Secondly, by arguing from different political theories, it explains the necessity of customized legal system in China for establishing a Harmonious Socialist Society. By giving different examples from contemporary China, this thesis argues that the legality of the rule of law in China ought to be understood in the context of China’s economic and social progression rather than the western legal scholarship. China’s economic progress demands a customized legal system. In our thesis, we claim that the regular upgradation of laws and introduction of constitutional amendments in China, should be recognized as important achievement which is required for the institutional innovation. Legal progression in China during last decade perfectly fit into the framework of “Socialism with Chinese Characteristics” and is very crucial for building a harmonious socialist society. It is vivid from China’s economic growth and developed international relations. Finally, this paper suggests that the Chinese legal progression can be taken as successful example of legal experimentalism.
Violence in the Family as a Social Threat to Public Safety and Order
Authors: Wilanowska Monika
Published: November 2020

Violence in the family should be considered as one of the biggest social problems in Poland. It occurs not only in families commonly regarded as pathological. Therefore, it should not be associated only with poverty or alcoholism or other addictions present in the family. Violence in the family exists also in afﬂuent and seemingly happy families. The effects of this phenomenon cause many negative consequences not only for the members of the perpetrator's family, but also for society and, more broadly, the entire state organisation. This problem requires decisive action on the part of the state and certainly should not be underestimated. The aim of this article is to analyze selected legal regulations concerning the prevention of domestic violence and other issues essential from the point of view of the impact of issues essential from the point of view of the impact of domestic violence on the safety of individuals who experience it, as well as the general public. Therefore, the following will be analyzed: the relation between the use of violence in the family and violation of speciﬁc criminal law norms functioning in the Polish legal system, negative effects in the area of health of persons experiencing violence in the family, the scale of violence in the family in Poland and the difﬁculties connected with its precise determination and evaluation of this phenomenon by the Polish society.
NONPARAMETRIC REGRESSION ANALYSIS BASED ON RATIONAL (Padé) APPROXIMATION FOR CENSORED-DATA
Authors: AYDIN Dursun , YILMAZ Ersin
Published: November 2020

This paper considers the estimation of a nonparametric regression model with randomly right-censored data. To estimate the model, rational (Padé) approximation based on truncated total least squares (P-TTLS) is used as a smoothing method. Because of censored, data points cannot be used directly in modeling process, a data transformation is needed for overcoming this problem. As known, synthetic data transformation assigns censored points as zero and gives additional magnitudes to uncensored ones associated with Kaplan-Meier distribution of the censored dataset. Thus, the differences between censored and uncensored observations grow which causes a kind of spatial variation in the shape of data. In this paper, to bring a solution to this problematic situation, P-TTLS is used that works well on spatial variation. Also, to see the performance of the P-TTLS on censored data modeling, a simulation study is carried out and it is compared with the benchmarked kernel smoothing (B-KS) method to observe how P-TTLS behaves.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CLASSIFICATION METHODS ON HUMAN SKIN DETECTION FROM RGB AND YCBCR REPRESENTED COLOR IMAGES
Authors: KAYA Utku , BAŞARAN Murat
Published: November 2020

Skin detection has an important place in image processing. Human-computer interaction has made this study area very popular. The most common color space used in skin detection is Red Green and Blue but RGB space can be converted into YCbCr space. Both features give strong information about the properties of the images. In this study, RGB and YCbCr spaces are used to detect human skin. The extracted features are trained by several classification methods. The obtained features are used to segment the human skin by using the chosen classification algorithm and finally, the promising performance results are presented comparatively with the most commonly used classifications methods in the literature.
A NOVEL COLOR-BASED FEATURE EXTRACTION METHOD FOR SVM BASED SKIN SEGMENTATION
Authors: FİDAN Mehmet , KAYA Utku
Published: November 2020

The colored digital images can be represented in different color spaces. The most used color space is Red-Green-Blue space. However, this space can be transformed to Luminance-Blue Difference-Red Difference space for extraction of light intensity information and Hue-Saturation-Value space. The defined features of color pixels give strong information about whether they belong to a human skin or not. In this paper, a novel color-based feature extraction method is proposed, which use both red, green, blue, luminance, hue and saturation information. The proposed method is applied on an image database consists of various people with diverse age, racial and gender characteristics. The obtained features are used to segment the human skin by using Support-Vector- Machine algorithm and finally the promising performance results are presented comparatively with the most-common methods in the literature.
Motivational Strategies in English as Foreign Language Teaching: a research review
Authors: Li Haiyan
Published: November 2020

The paper aims to review and synthesize the research literature relating to the use and effectiveness of motivational strategies in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teaching. First, an overview is presented of the prestigious empirical studies (10) across the world that provided evidence for the impact of motivational strategies on enhancing students’ English learning motivations. Then, different research methodologies are assessed, effective motivational strategies both across different cultural contexts and culture-dependent are identified and the outcomes of the applications of motivational strategies are discussed. Finally, the limitations of the related research are explored and implications for future motivational strategies research are provided.
Directive vs. Non-directive Clinical Approaches: Liberation Psychology and Muslim Mental Health
Authors: Mohr Sarah , Shaiq Sabeen , Berte Denise Ziya
Published: November 2020

Liberation psychology (LP) is a psychological framework that emphasizes social justice as a key component of mental health, defined in LP as the ability of human beings to co-exist, live in harmony, and thrive in community. Muslim mental health as a clinical focus continues to develop, and most writing emphasizes the importance of cultural sensitivity in providing effective care for Muslims, which the literature often relates to the collectivistic nature of Muslim majority societies. The literature, in turn, often uses collectivistic tendencies and research to support 1-on-1 directive approaches.
This paper questions the use of such directive approaches as potentially re-creating a model of hierarchy and dominance that is connected to Muslims’ mental health challenges, particularly those of Muslim sub-populations. The authors suggest and discuss several LP-based alternatives, especially the use of group therapy as a more appropriate and culturally responsive model, from both di-rective and non-directive clinical orientations.
The Power of Prejudice: Cross-cultural Competency and Muslim Populations
Authors: Awaad, M.D. Rania , Abid Aneeqa , Fereydooni Soraya
Published: November 2020

Oh people! We created you from a male and a female and made you into nations and tribes so that you may know one another. Verily the noblest of you in the sight of Allah is the Most God-fearing of you. Surely, Allah is All-Knowing, All-Aware. (49:13)
This oft-cited Quranic verse encapsulates the Islamic worldview on the raison d’être of different groups of people and ethnicities, thereby highlighting the importance of cross-cultural communication and Islam’s role in transcending these differences. The same worldview can be adopted in psychiatric practice to provide culturally competent patient-centered care. This paper introduces a clinical vignette of a Muslim patient with poor mental health and her experiences living in the US as a religious minority. The vignette frames the following discussion in the context of rising hate in the country and brings to light the consequences of Islamophobia on the mental health of American Muslim populations. The psychology of outgroup hate is explained by analyzing the literature produced on the interrelated topics of stereotypes, discrimination, prejudice, and xenophobia, and concludes with tools available for cross-cultural competency in a clinical setting.
The Choice of Priorities in Contemporary Comparative Trials: Superiority vs non Inferiority. Causes and Effects
Authors: Ageev F. T. , Yarovaya E. B.
Published: November 2020

The article compares two statistical approaches, which are commonly used in current comparative studies, a hypothesis that a drug is superior over another one (superiority) and a hypothesis that a drug is not inferior to another one in the efficacy and safety (non-inferiority). Using the example of specific studies, the difference between the methods and the tasks, for the solution of which one or another method should be applied, are shown. In order to prove the superiority in efficacy and safety of a new drug over an existing one, only a statistical approach that uses the “superiority” hypothesis is applicable. Studies using the “non-inferiority” hypothesis are generally used for comparing drugs, which are not considerably different in their efficacy, but the study drug has other advantages in the administration, storage, tolerability etc. The choice of statistical method is determined exclusively by the task of the study.
DAHİLDE İŞLEME REJİMİNİN ULUSLARARASI TİCARET VE SANAYİ ÜRETİMİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ: TÜRKİYE ÜZERİNE AMPİRİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: ŞEKER Ayberk
Published: November 2020

Dâhilde işleme rejimi, Türkiye’de üretim ve ihracat düzeyini arttırmak amacıyla ülke içerisinde bulunmayan veya daha uygun maliyetlerle gerekli hammaddelerin elde edilmesini ve üretim sonucunda ihracatın arttı-rılmasını hedefleyen bir teşvik sistemidir. Çalışma kapsamında Türkiye’de dâhilde işleme rejiminin sanayi üretimi ve ihracat hacmi üzerindeki etkileri, 2012-2019 yılları arasında aylık frekanstaki veriler kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Değişkenler arasındaki uzun dönemli ilişkileri değerlendirmek amacıyla Gregory-Hansen eşbütünleşme testi, nedensellik ilişkilerini incelemek için ise Granger ve frekans alanı nedensellik testleri kullanılmıştır. Analizler neticesinde, dâhilde işleme rejimi, sanayi üretim endeksi ve ihracatın ithalatı karşı-lama oranı arasında uzun dönemli bir ilişkinin bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte, sanayi üretim endeksi ve dâhilde işleme rejimi arasında iki yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisi olup, sanayi üretim endeksinden dâhilde işleme rejimine doğru kısa, orta ve uzun dönemde nedensellik ilişkisi olduğu görülürken; dâhilde işleme rejiminden sanayi üretim endeksine doğru ise orta ve uzun dönemde nedensellik ilişkisinin var oldu-ğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca dâhilde işleme rejiminden ihracatın ithalatı karşılama oranına doğru kısa ve orta dö-nemde tek yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisi bulunduğu ortaya koyulmuştur.
Comparing the Expanded Effect of Higher Education Systems on Their GPI in China and India
Authors:   Technology Management of Tamkang University, No. 151, Yingzhuan Road, Tamsui District, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan, Chen Tien-Li
Published: November 2020

China and India are with the most populous and second populous countries in the world. This study selected China and India as research targets to compare their trends of gender parity in expanding higher education. The data on the gross enrollment ratio of male and female in both countries were collected from the World Bank from 1973 to 2018. The study applies the Gender Parity Index (GPI), which according to Trow’s definition, interpret the trends of gender parity in three stage within expanding higher education system. Furthermore, the study uses ARIMA model to predict the trends of GPI in higher education systems in both China and India toward 2030. This study suggests the trends of gender equality have made significant progress in expanding higher education systems. As our prediction, the higher education system is going to be more favorable to female in the future.
The Role of Diversity in Economic Prosperity
Authors: Lu Zeqi
Published: November 2020

By investigating the rise of ethnic diversity in Xinjiang and studying economic changes caused by migration, social, and economic issues in general, this paper proposes that diversity and economic development are linked. While some argue that the costs of immigration and increased violence or insecurity worsen the local economic situation, I argue that diversity has promoted economic expansion in Xinjiang.
Flight of Freedom—Homosexuality and the Redirected Gender Roles in the Price of Salt
Authors:   High School of Peking University, China, Yang Siyu
Published: November 2020

This essay aims to examine how the lesbian relationship between Therese and Carol in The Price of Salt redirects the way Therese performs her gender role. Hegemony of gender roles is redirected by homosexuality. Therese acts differently in her romantic relationship with Carol, compared to that with Richard, in terms of her gained subjectivity in various aspects, including emotional freedom, social position, and sexual desires.
The Development of Vocabulary and Syntax through Translation
Authors:   School of Foreign Languages, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, CO 266061 China, Jing Liu , Lin Wang
Published: November 2020

Dynamic System Theory (DST) can be applied in second language acquisition. This paper, from the perspective of DST, examines the development of vocabulary and syntax through translation. The analysis of three postgraduate students’ performances in College English Test Band 6 (CET 6) translation shows that the lexical and syntactic performances are variable, unpredictable and non-linear. In order to increase the validity of the result, three English major postgraduate students in Qingdao University of Science and Technology were invited to be raters. And the result shows that the growth of translation performance is variable, unpredictable and non-linear, which is corresponding to the result assessed by www. pigai. org.
Evaluation of predictors of erectile dysfunction and hypogonadism in men with types 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Masum M. D. , Talukder Rajee Mahmud , Maksud Shams Ibne , Haque Enamul , Khanam Jubaida , Hossain Sharif , Talukder S. M.
Published: November 2020

Background: Now a day erectile dysfunction (ED) and hypogonadism of the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) become two common complaints. The association among hypogonadism, erectile dysfunction and type 2 diabetes of man seem to be increased. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictors of erectile dysfunction and hypogonadism in men with types 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).  Methods: This was a cross-sectional study which was conducted in the Department of Shaheed Monsur Ali Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh Hospital, Bangladesh during the period from January 2019 to December 2019. In total 352 newly detected T2DM male patients, with complete data were finalized as the study population. All data were processed by using SPSS program version 23.0.Results: In this study, according to complement fixation test (cFT) and androgen deficiency in the aging male (ADAM) criteria, 119 (33.81%) participant had low cFT& ADAM positive under hypogonadal, 84 (23.86%) were with normal TT & ADAM negative (eugonadal), 37 (10.51%) were with low TT & ADAM negative (eugonadal), 112 (31.82%) were with normal TT & ADAM positive (eugonadal). On the other hand, according to the cFT and ADAM score in total 119 (33.81%) hypogonadal patients were with low cFT & ADAM positive. Besides this, 102 (43.78%) eugonadal patients were with normal cFT & ADAM negative and 131 (56.22%) eugonadal patients were with normal cFT & ADAM positive.Conclusions: Hence, universal screening of testosterone level and androgen deficiency symptoms is recommended in newly detected T2DM patients.
A correlation between severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disorders, electrocardiography and echocardiography of patients: a prospective observational study
Authors: Krishna Appaji C. Sri , Ravinder P.
Published: November 2020

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is defined as a disease state characterised by persistent respiratory symptom and airflow limitation which is not fully reversible. It has been reported that patient with COPD has higher mortality due to cardiac disorder. We have designed this study with an aim to evaluate electrocardiography and echocardiography changes in COPD patients and correlate this finding with severity of disease.Method: In present study 60 randomly selected COPD patients were evaluated clinically, echocardiographically, electrocardiographically and pulmonary function test was performed. A careful history of patient was taken regarding demography, symptoms and aggravation factors. Detailed clinical examination of patient was done to know the sign symptom of cardiological and respiratory involvement.Result: In patients with severe COPD 4 (20%) patients have normal ECG, 12 (60%) have P pulmonale, 14 (70%) patients have right ventricular hypertrophy, low voltage complex was found in 6 (30%), RBBB was present in 4 (20%) patients, 12 (60%) have r wave in their electrocardiograph (ECG) and 2 (10%) patients presented with arrhythmia.Conclusions: From our study we can conclude that most of the patients with COPD were in 5th and 6th decade of life with male predominance. Patients with moderate airflow obstruction were common than severe obstruction. Cardiovascular changes depend upon the severity of disease.
An insight into the management of urinary bladder diverticulum: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Sengupta Soumish , Basu Supriya , Gupta Saurabh
Published: November 2020

Background: The aim of the study is to retrospectively analyse the best mode of treatment for patients presenting with urinary bladder diverticulum. Methods: This study includes 46 patients who presented to the outpatient department between January of 2018 to March of 2020. They had lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and were later found on investigations with imaging like ultrasound and voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) as having bladder diverticulum with some cases associated with bladder outlet obstruction. Secondary causes were treated surgically or conservatively with clean intermittent catheterisation (CIC). Diverticulum was addressed with diverticulectomy when conservative management failed with recurrent LUTS or if the diverticulum was of a large size with significant post void residual urine. Results: Most of the patients with diverticulum associated with prostatomegaly or stricture urethra fared well after treatment of the underlying cause except one who underwent subsequent diverticulectomy. Four out of 5 patients with neurogenic bladder did well with CIC alone barring one who underwent diverticulectomy for a large sized diverticulum and refractory LUTS. Two patients with bladder growth involving the neck of diverticulum underwent partial cystectomy along with diverticulectomy. Four out of the remaining 8 patients with primary diverticulum were taken up for diverticulectomy directly and one underwent subsequent diverticulectomy for failed CIC. Conclusions: Not all urinary bladder diverticulum required surgical management per se. Most fared well with treatment of the underlying cause. So only those with large size, recurrent LUTS and failed management with CIC should be considered for diverticulectomy.
Consensus statement: improvement in care and outcomes for patients with ST‐elevation myocardial infarction with timely reperfusion therapy: a pharmaco-invasive approach
Authors: Dasbiswas Arup , Shelke Abhijeet , Singhal Anurag , Shah Bhupesh
Published: November 2020

The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases continues to increase in India, with a rapid epidemiological transition. Timely management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)is the key to decrease mortality and morbidity rates. In India, patients most often do not receive optimal therapy owing to a number of factors such as socio-economic constraints, lack of knowledge, geographical restrictions etc, leading to suboptimal outcomes. The timely delivery of optimal reperfusion strategy for STEMI patients is immensely challenging for physicians, due to several reasons. Primary percutaneous coronary Intervention (PCI) is still a global gold standard for the treatment of STEMI. Delayed case presentation is a significant challenge, especially in Indian tier towns/cities, because of prolonged transportation time or traffic delays with regards to reaching a PCI facility. Keeping in mind the accessibility to PCI facility because of geographical locations as well as affordability concerns especially in smaller Indian towns, pharmaco-invasive approach is almost as effective and a practical approach for reduction of morbidity and mortality rates. Timely establishment of reperfusion therapy is critical for improving myocardial salvage in patients with STEMI. There is an urgent need for developing strategies for efficient STEMI management, such as timely delivery of reperfusion therapy; reinforcement of health system and professionals, implementation of guideline-based interventions, streamlined insurance policy and greater emphasis on patient awareness for detection of symptoms. In addition to the timely reperfusion therapy and other standard care drugs, statins and potassium channel activators have demonstrated clinically significant improvements in the outcome of STEMI management.
Application of Animal Experiment in Surgical Teaching
Authors: Wen Qinli
Published: November 2020

Animal experiment of surgical science is the basic operation for medical students to fully contact with clinical surgery for the first time. This paper reveals the importance of animal experiment teaching in surgical science from the characteristics of medical specialty in our school. It aims to arouse medical students’ interest in surgical experiments.
Ecological and Geochemical Features of the Underground Waters of the Semipalatinsk Test Site
Authors: Yessilkanov G.M. , Dyussembayeva M.T. , Rikhvanov L.P. , Mukhamediyarov N.Zh. , Tashekova A.Zh.
Published: November 2020

The results of the study of ecological and geochemical features and assessment of the water quality of water sources located on the territory of the Semipalatinsk test site are presented. The studied waters are diverse in chemical composition: 14 % of the samples had hydrocarbonate, 69 % – sulfate, and 17 % – chloride types of waters. On the basis of the revealed features of the elemental composition of the underground waters of the Semipalatinsk test site, decreasing series of excess of the average concentrations of elements in water in relation to the composition of waters of the zones of hypergenesis and continental salinization were constructed: U14> Mo8> Sr8> V3(hypergenesis zone), U5> Mo3> Sr3> V2(zone of continental salinization). For the groundwater of the Semipalatinsk test site, specific elements were identified, such as U, Mo, Sr and V. The water quality was assessed for the studied chemical components based on comparison with the standards of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the World Health Organization (SaNPiN No. 209, WHO 2011).
Population pharmacokinetic models of first choice beta-lactam antibiotics for severe infections treatment: What antibiotic regimen to prescribe in children?
Authors: Marsot Amélie
Published: November 2020

Background: To perform a review describing the pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters and covariates of interest of the eight first choice β-lactams (BL) antibiotics for treatment of severe infections in pediatric population. Pediatric sepsis and septic shock reportedly affect 30% of children admitted to pediatric intensive care units, with a 25% mortality rate. Eight BL are included as first choice antibiotic for severe infections in pediatric population in the World Health Organization model list of essential medicines for children. Methods: The PubMed/Medline databases was searched and included studies if they described a population PK model of piperacillin, amoxicillin, ampicillin, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, cloxacillin, imipenem or meropenem in neonates or children. We compared the PK parameters for each drug. We analysed the used covariates to estimate PK parameters. We compared the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) targets and the drug dosing recommendations. Results: Thirty-four studies met inclusion criteria with seven studies for piperacillin, five for amoxicillin, three for ampicillin, three for cefotaxime, two for ceftriaxone, two for imipenem and twelve for meropenem. None met inclusion criteria for cloxacillin. Ages ranged from 0-19.1 years with 12 studies including preterm. Body weight, age and renal function were the three major covariates in neonates and children. Different PK/PD targets were observed (between 40% to 100% of the dosing regimen interval of time over which the unbound (or free) drug concentration remains above the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) (fT>MIC) or four times the MIC (fT>4xMIC)). Several drug-dosing regimens were fond recommended according to the age and pathogens MIC using intermittent, timed or continuous infusions. Conclusions: Consensus is lacking on the optimal dosing regimens for these eight first choice antibiotics. A more personalized approach to antibiotic drugs dosing with individual characteristics of patient and pathogen susceptibility is required. According PK/PD targets and used dosing regimens, prospective clinical studies are required to investigate clinical cure, patient survival and emergence of antimicrobial resistance.
DETERMINATION OF LOW CONTENTS (LESS THAN 0,0005%) OF ARSENIC IN NICKEL ALLOYS BY ICP-MS AND AAS METHODS WITH ELECTROTHERMAL ATOMIZATION
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Alekseev A.V. , Yakimovich P.V. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Legkodukhova I.S. ,   Joint stock company «Stupinskaya Metallurgical Company»
Published: November 2020

In this work, the determination of low contents (less than 0,0005 wt. %) of arsenic in complex alloyed samples of nickel alloys was carried out by means of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and atomic absorption spectrometry with electrothermal atomization. Also, the ICP-MS method was used to determine the arsenic content in chromium, which is an alloying component of nickel alloys. A technique for dissolving a sample and preparing it for analysis is presented. Spectral interferences are eliminated by applying mathematical correction equations, a reaction-collision cell and using corrective additives. The correctness of the results obtained is confirmed by the analysis of certified reference materials of nickel alloys and chromium.
DECORATIVELY FINISHING MATERIALS FOR WALL PANELS OF PASSENGER CAB AND THE CREW COCKPIT OF AIR VEHICLES (review)
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Shuldeshov E.M. , Nazarov I.A. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Ivanov M. S. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Donskih I.N. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials»
Published: November 2020

Questions of development of decorative and finishing materials for wall panels of passenger cab and the crew cockpit of air vehicles in the Russian Federation and abroad are considered. The structure and structure of such materials are described, examples of implementation of their different options are given. The main ways of manufacturing of materials, and also requirements to them which performance is necessary for the admission to application in aviation engineering, and the requirements providing competitive advantage of materials in comparison with analogs are provided. The main directions of development of decorative and finishing materials are evaluated.
METHODS OF PHYSICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES (review)
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Zhabin A.N. , Nyafkin A.N. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Serpova V.M. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Krasnov E.I. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials»
Published: November 2020

A review of the scientific and technical literature in the field of the most used methods of physical vapor deposition for the manufacture of metal matrix composites (MMCs) reinforced silicon carbide fibers is presented. The most widespread methods of solid-phase technology for the manufacture of MMCs are briefly considered, and methods of electron-beam deposition and magnetron sputtering of a matrix titanium alloy on silicon carbide fibers are discussed in detail. The morphological structure of the surface of the deposited matrix alloy on fibers, obtained by different methods, is investigated.