bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
When Is a Graded Free Complex Exact?
Authors: Molano David C. , Moreno Javier A. , Valencia Carlos E.
Published: September 2022

Minimal free resolutions of a finitely generated module over a polynomial ring S=k[x], with variables x={x1,…,xn} and a field k have been extensively studied. Almost all the results in the literature about minimal free resolutions give their Betti numbers, that is, the ranks of the free modules in the resolution at each degree. Several techniques have been developed to compute Betti numbers, making this a manageable problem in many cases. However, a description of the differentials in the resolution is rarely given, as this turns out to be a more difficult problem. The main purpose of this article is to give a criterion to check when a graded free complex of an S-module is exact. Unlike previous similar criteria, this one allows us to give a description of the differentials using the combinatorics of the S-module. The criterion is given in terms of the Betti numbers of the resolutions in each degree and the set of columns of the matrix representation of the differentials. In the last section, and with the aim of illustrating how to use the criterion, we apply it to one of the first better-understood cases, the edge ideal of the complete graph. However, this criterion can be used to give an explicit description of the differentials of a resolution of several monomial ideals such as the duplication of an ideal, the edge ideal of a cograph, etc.
Nonlinear Bending of Sandwich Plates with Graphene Nanoplatelets Reinforced Porous Composite Core under Various Loads and Boundary Conditions
Authors: Fan Xudong , Wang Aiwen , Jiang Pengcheng , Wu Sijin , Sun Ying
Published: September 2022

The nonlinear bending of the sandwich plates with graphene nanoplatelets (GPLs) reinforced porous composite (GNRPC) core and two metal skins subjected to different boundary conditions and various loads, such as the concentrated load at the center, linear loads with different slopes passing through the center, linear eccentric loads, uniform loads, and trapezoidal loads, has been presented. The popular four-unknown refined theory accounting for the thickness stretching effects has been employed to model the mechanics of the sandwich plates. The governing equations have been derived from the nonlinear Von Karman strain–displacement relationship and principle of virtual work with subsequent solution by employing the classical finite element method in combination with the Newton downhill method. The convergence of the numerical results has been checked. The accuracy and efficiency of the theory have been confirmed by comparing the obtained results with those available in the literature. Furthermore, a parametric study has been carried out to analyze the effects of load type, boundary conditions, porosity coefficient, GPLs weight fraction, GPLs geometry, and concentrated load radius on the nonlinear central bending deflections of the sandwich plates. In addition, the numerical results reveal that the adopted higher order theory can significantly improve the simulation of the transverse deflection in the thickness direction.
SCAFG: Classifying Single Cell Types Based on an Adaptive Threshold Fusion Graph Convolution Network
Authors: Peng Haonan , Li Yuanyuan , Zhang Wei
Published: September 2022

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology has been a significant direction for single-cell research due to its high accuracy and specificity, as it enables unbiased high-throughput studies with minimal sample sizes. The continuous improvement of scRNA-seq technology has promoted parallel research on single-cell multi-omics. Instead of sequencing bulk cells, analyzing single cells inspires greater discovery power for detecting novel genes without prior knowledge of sequence information and with greater sensitivity when quantifying rare variants and transcripts. However, current analyses of scRNA-seq data are usually carried out with unsupervised methods, which cannot take advantage of the prior distribution and structural features of the data. To solve this problem, we propose the SCAFG (Classifying Single Cell Types Based on an Adaptive Threshold Fusion Graph Convolution Network), a semi-supervised single-cell classification model that adaptively fuses cell-to-cell correlation matrices under various thresholds according to the distribution of cells. We tested the performance of the SCAFG in identifying cell types on diverse real scRNA-seq data; then, we compared the SCAFG with other commonly used semi-supervised algorithms, and it was shown that the SCAFG can classify single-cell data with a higher accuracy.
Artificial Neuron-Based Model for a Hybrid Real-Time System: Induction Motor Case Study
Authors: Capel Manuel I.
Published: September 2022

Automatic Machine Learning (AML) methods are currently considered of great interest for use in the development of cyber-physical systems. However, in practice, they present serious application problems with respect to fitness computation, overfitting, lack of scalability, and the need for an enormous amount of time for the computation of neural network hyperparameters. In this work, we have experimentally investigated the impact of continuous updating and validation of the hyperparameters, on the performance of a cyber-physical model, with four estimators based on feedforward and narx ANNs, all with the gradient descent-based optimization technique. The main objective is to demonstrate that the optimized values of the hyperparameters can be validated by simulation with MATLAB/Simulink following a mixed approach based on interleaving the updates of their values with a classical training of the ANNs without affecting their efficiency and automaticity of the proposed method. For the two relevant variables of an Induction Motor (IM), two sets of estimators have been trained from the input current and voltage data. In contrast, the training data for the speed and output electromagnetic torque of the IM have been established with the help of a new Simulink model developed entirely. The results have demonstrated the effectiveness of ANN estimators obtained with the Deep Learning Toolbox (DLT) that we used to transform the trained ANNs into blocks that can be directly used in cyber-physical models designed with Simulink.
Microbiota Succession of Whole and Filleted European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) during Storage under Aerobic and MAP Conditions via 16S rRNA Gene High-Throughput Sequencing Approach
Authors: Syropoulou Faidra , Anagnostopoulos Dimitrios A. , Parlapani Foteini F. , Karamani Evangelia , Stamatiou Anastasios , Tzokas Kostas , Nychas George-John E. , Boziaris Ioannis S.
Published: September 2022

In the present work, the profiles of bacterial communities of whole and filleted European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), during several storage temperatures (0, 4, 8 and 12 °C) under aerobic and Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP) conditions, were examined via the 16S rRNA High-Throughput Sequencing (HTS) approach. Sensorial attributes were also assessed to determine products’ shelf-life. Results indicated that shelf-life was strongly dependent on handling, as well as on temperature and atmosphere conditions. HTS revealed the undisputed dominance of Pseudomonas from the very beginning and throughout storage period in the majority of treatments. However, a slightly different microbiota profile was recorded in MAP-stored fillets at the middle stages of storage, which mainly referred to the sporadic appearance of some bacteria (e.g., Carnobacterium, Shewanella, etc.) that followed the dominance of Pseudomonas. It is noticeable that a major difference was observed at the end of shelf-life of MAP-stored fillets at 12 °C, where the dominant microbiota was constituted by the genus Serratia, while the relative abundance of Pseudomonas and Brochothrix was more limited. Furthermore, at the same temperature under aerobic storage of both whole and filleted fish, Pseudomonas almost co-existed with Acinetobacter, while the presence of both Erwinia and Serratia in whole fish was noteworthy. Overall, the present study provides useful information regarding the storage fate and spoilage status of whole and filleted European sea bass, suggesting that different handling and storage conditions influence the shelf-life of sea bass by favoring or delaying the dominance of Specific Spoilage Organisms (SSOs), affecting in parallel to some extent the formation of their consortium that is responsible for products’ sensorial deterioration. Such findings enrich the current knowledge and should be used as a benchmark to develop specific strategies aiming to delay spoilage and thus increase the products’ added value.
Pep27 Mutant Immunization Inhibits Caspase-14 Expression to Alleviate Inflammatory Bowel Disease via Treg Upregulation
Authors: Iqbal Hamid , Kim Gyu-Lee , Kim Ji-Hoon , Ghosh Prachetash , Shah Masaud , Lee Wonsik , Rhee Dong-Kwon
Published: September 2022

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a highly prevalent gut inflammatory disorder. Complicated clinical outcomes prolong the use of conventional therapy and often lead to compromised immunity followed by adverse events and high relapse rates. Thus, a profound medical intervention is required. Previously, intranasal immunization of pneumococcal pep27 mutant (Δpep27) exhibited long-lasting protection against immune-related disorders. System biology analysis has predicted an inverse correlation between Δpep27 immunization and gastroenteritis. Recently, we established that Δpep27-elicited Tregs repressed Wnt5a expression and enhanced barrier integrity, suggesting the restoration of immunological tolerance. Therefore, we evaluated whether Δpep27 can alleviate IBD. Δpep27 dose-dependent response was analyzed in dextran sulfate sodium-induced mice using transcriptome analysis. Pro- and anti-inflammatory signatures were cross-correlated by quantitative PCR and western blot analyses. To address the hierarchy regulating the activity of caspase-14, an undefined marker in IBD, and regulatory T cells (Tregs), antibody-based neutralization studies were conducted. Fecal microbiome profiles were analyzed by 16S rRNA pyrosequencing. Δpep27 significantly attenuated dextran sulfate sodium-induced oxidative stress parameters, proinflammatory cytokines, caspase-14 expression level, and upregulated tight junction, anti-inflammatory genes IL-10 and TGF-β1 via upregulation of Tregs to restore healthy gut microbiota. Neutralization studies unveiled that ∆pep27 had a remedial effect via Treg upregulation. Caspase-14, being an important mediator in the pathogenesis of IBD, can be an alternate therapeutic target in IBD. ∆pep27-increased Tregs repressed caspase-14 expression and reversed gut microbial dysbiosis, aiding to re-establish immunological tolerance.
Compositional Dynamics of Gastrointestinal Tract Microbiomes Associated with Dietary Transition and Feeding Cessation in Lake Sturgeon Larvae
Authors: Abdul Razak Shairah , Valentine Shaley , Marsh Terence , Bauman John , Mohd-Assaad Norfarhan , Scribner Kim T.
Published: September 2022

Compromised nutritional conditions associated with dietary transitions and feeding cessation in the wild and during fish aquaculture operations are common and can impact growth and survival. These effects are especially prevalent during early ontogenetic stages. We quantified phenotypic and GI tract microbial community responses with an emphasis on protease-producing bacteria of lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) larvae, a species of aquacultural and conservational importance. To quantify responses associated with experimental food transition and feeding cessation, we performed a 36-day feeding experiment using two treatments: control and diet transition. However, larvae in the diet transition treatment failed to undergo transition and ceased feeding. Larvae in the diet transition treatment exhibited lower growth (total length and body weight) and survival than control larvae. Treatment had a greater effect than ontogenetic changes on taxonomic composition and diversity of the GI tract microbial community. Proteobacteria dominated the GI tract microbial community of the diet transition larvae whereas Firmicutes dominated the GI tracts of control larvae. Most of the 98 identified protease-producing isolates in both treatments were from genera Pseudomonas and Aeromonas: taxonomic groups that include known fish pathogens. Overall, failing to transition diets affected responses in growth and GI tract microbiome composition and diversity, with the later dysbiosis being an indicator of morbidity and mortality in larval lake sturgeon. Thus, microbiological interrogations can characterize responses to dietary regimes. The results can inform fish culturalists and microbiologists of the importance of dietary practices consistent with the establishment and maintenance of healthy GI tract microbiota and optimal growth during early ontogeny.
First Report of Autochthonous Canine Leishmaniasis in Hong Kong
Authors: Sandy Jeanine , Matthews Anthony , Nachum-Biala Yaarit , Baneth Gad
Published: September 2022

Canine leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease caused by Leishmania infantum; transmitted by the bite of phlebotomine sand flies. Leishmania infantum amastigotes were identified by cytology from a locally born Hong Kong dog exhibiting nasal, cutaneous, and systemic disease who was part of a kennel of eight dogs. All eight kennel dogs were subsequently tested serologically by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by DNA sequencing for L. infantum infection. The local dog was seropositive and blood and splenic tissue were PCR positive for L. infantum whilst the other kennel dogs were negative on serology and PCR. Autochthonous transmission was suspected for the local dog as Hong Kong lacks known vectors of L. infantum. Either vertical transmission from the deceased dam who had previously died with disease suspicious for leishmaniasis or horizontal transmission from a second non-locally born kennel dog who had been diagnosed previously with leishmaniasis was possible. This is the first recorded autochthonous case of canine leishmaniasis in Hong Kong. Leishmaniasis should be considered as a differential for cutaneous or systemic illness in local untraveled dogs in Hong Kong. In addition, as dogs serve as L. infantum reservoirs for human infection attention should be paid to the possibility of leishmaniasis emerging in Hong Kong.
Directly Matching an MMIC Amplifier Integrated with MIMO Antenna through DNNs for Future Networks
Authors: Kouhalvandi Lida
Published: September 2022

Due to the exponential growth of data communications, linearity specification is deteriorating and, in high frequency systems, impedance transformation leading to power delivering from power amplifiers (PAs) to antennas is becoming an increasingly important concept. Intelligent-based optimization methods can be a suitable solution for enhancing this characteristic in the transceiver systems. Herein, to tackle the problems of linearity and impedance transformations, deep neural network (DNN)-based optimizations are employed. In the first phase, the antenna is modeled through the DNN with using the long short-term memory (LSTM) leading to forecast the load impedances in the a wide frequency band. Afterwards, the PA is modeled and optimized through another LSTM-based DNN using Multivariate Newton’s Method where the optimal drain impedances are predicted from the first DNN (i.e., modeled antenna). The whole optimization methodology is executed automatically leading to enhance linearity specification of the whole system. For proving the novelty of the proposed method, monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) along with the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is designed, modeled, and optimized concurrently in the frequency band from 7.49 GHz to 12.44 GHz. The proposed method leads to enhancing the linearity of the transceiver in an effective way where DNN-based PA model gives rise to a solution for achieving the most optimal drain impedance through the modeled DNN-based antenna.
Ultra-High Sensitivity Ultrasonic Sensor with an Extrinsic All-Polymer Cavity
Authors: Chen Zongyu , Dong Bo , Huang Wobin , Yi Yunji , Chan Chichiu , Ruan Shuangchen , Hou Shaoyu
Published: September 2022

An ultra-high sensitivity ultrasonic sensor with an extrinsic all-polymer cavity is presented. The probe is constructed with a polymer ferrule and a polymer-based reflection diaphragm. A specially designed polymer cover is used to seal the cavity sensor head and apply pretension to the sensing diaphragm. It can be manufactured by a commercial 3D printer with good reproducibility. Due to its all-polymer structure and high coherence depth, the sensitivity of our proposed sensor is improved significantly compared with that of the other sensor structures. Its sensitivity is 189 times as great as that of the commercial standard ultrasonic sensor at the ultrasonic frequency of 50 KHz, and it has a good response to ultrasonic within the frequency range of 18.5 KHz–200 KHz.
Global Vibration Comfort Evaluation of Footbridges Based on Computer Vision
Authors: Hu Jianxiu , Zhu Qiankun , Zhang Qiong
Published: September 2022

The vibration comfort evaluation is a control standard other than strength and deflection, but the general comfort evaluation method only considers the response of the mid-span position and does not consider the difference in the vibration response of different positions at the same time. It is crucial to study how pedestrians actually feel when they walk on footbridges. The computer vision-based vibration comfort evaluation method is a novel method with advantages, such as noncontact and long-distance. In this study, a computer vision-based method was used to evaluate the global vibration comfort of footbridges under human-induced excitation. The improved Lucas–Kanade optical flow method is used for multitarget displacement identification of footbridges. Additionally, the YOLOv5 algorithm for pedestrian detection is used to obtain the position information of pedestrians on the footbridges. Then, according to the pedestrian position information, the structural responses of different pedestrian positions corresponding to time periods are extracted from the displacement responses of each point, and they are combined to obtain the structural global displacement. The global acceleration can be obtained by calculating the global displacement. The rms value can be calculated based on the global acceleration and compared with the standard for comfort evaluation. The global comfort evaluation method is validated by pedestrian walking experiments with different frequencies on a laboratory footbridge. The experimental results show that the computer vision-based global comfort evaluation method for footbridges is feasible and is a more specific and real-time comfort evaluation method.
Development of a Novel Approach for Detection of Equine Lameness Based on Inertial Sensors: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Crecan Cristian Mihaita , Morar Iancu Adrian , Lupsan Alexandru Florin , Repciuc Calin Cosmin , Rus Mirela Alexandra , Pestean Cosmin Petru
Published: September 2022

Both as an aid for less experienced clinicians and to enhance objectivity and sharp clinical skills in professionals, quantitative technologies currently bring the equine lameness diagnostic closer to evidence-based veterinary medicine. The present paper describes an original, inertial sensor-based wireless device system, the Lameness Detector 0.1, used in ten horses with different lameness degrees in one fore- or hind-leg. By recording the impulses on three axes of the incorporated accelerometer in each leg of the assessed horse, and then processing the data using custom-designed software, the device proved its usefulness in lameness identification and severity scoring. Mean impulse values on the horizontal axis calculated for five consecutive steps above 85, regardless of the leg, indicated the slightest subjectively recognizable lameness, increasing to 130 in severe gait impairment. The range recorded on the same axis (between 61.2 and 67.4) in the sound legs allowed a safe cut-off value of 80 impulses for diagnosing a painful limb. The significance of various comparisons and several correlations highlighted the potential of this simple, affordable, and easy-to-use lameness detector device for further standardization as an aid for veterinarians in diagnosing lameness in horses.
Generation of Prior Information in a Dual-Mode Microwave-Ultrasound Breast Imaging System
Authors: Fogel Hannah , Hughson Max , Asefi Mohammad , Jeffrey Ian , LoVetri Joe
Published: September 2022

A new breast imaging system capable of obtaining ultrasound and microwave scattered-field measurements with minimal or no movement of the breast between measurements has recently been reported. In this work, we describe the methodology that has been developed to generate prior information about the internal structures of the breast based on ultrasound data measured with the dual-mode system. This prior information, estimating both the geometry and complex-valued permittivity of tissues within the breast, is incorporated into the microwave inversion algorithm as a means of enhancing image quality. Several techniques to map reconstructed ultrasound speed to complex-valued relative permittivity are investigated. Quantitative images of two simplified dual-mode breast phantoms obtained using experimental data and the various forms of prior information are presented. Though preliminary, the results presented herein provide an understanding of the impacts of different forms of prior information on dual-mode reconstructions of the breast and can be used to inform future work on the subject.
Blind Fault Extraction of Rolling-Bearing Compound Fault Based on Improved Morphological Filtering and Sparse Component Analysis
Authors: Xie Wensong , Zhou Jun , Liu Tao
Published: September 2022

In order to effectively separate and extract bearing composite faults, in view of the non-linearity, strong interference and unknown number of fault source signals of the measured fault signals, a composite fault-diagnosis blind extraction method based on improved morphological filtering of sinC function (SMF), density peak clustering (DPC) and orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) is proposed. In this method, the sinC function is used as the structural element of the morphological filter for the first time to improve the traditional morphological filter. After the observation signal is processed by the improved morphological filter, the impact characteristics of the signal are improved, and the signal meets the sparsity. Then, on the premise that the number of clustering is unknown, the density peak algorithm is used to cluster sparse signals to obtain the clustering center, which is equivalent to the hybrid matrix. Finally, the hybrid matrix is transformed into a sensing matrix, and the signal is transformed into the frequency domain to complete the compressive sensing and reconstruction of the signal in the frequency domain. Both simulation and measured signal results show that this algorithm can effectively complete the blind separation of rolling bearing faults when the number of fault sources is unknown, and the time cost can be reduced by about 75%.
Research on Dynamic Comprehensive Evaluation of Metropolitan Area Development Level Based on Quadratic Weighting: A Case Study of Four Metropolitan Areas in the Yangtze River Delta Region
Authors: Wang Hongqiang , Zheng Linlin , Zhang Yingjie
Published: September 2022

Nowadays, the development of a metropolitan area has become one of the milestones for regions to move towards a high level of urbanization and has been elevated to a national strategy. In this paper, the economic and social development level of the four major metropolitan areas in the Yangtze River Delta region from 2005 to 2020 was dynamically evaluated by constructing an evaluation index system, which is based on a new development concept of China, and applying the “vertical and horizontal” evaluation method and model. Meanwhile, in order to reflect the core development concept of “leading small cities with large ones and coordinating development”, this study incorporates the spatial and temporal economic connectivity between the central city and the surrounding small and medium sized member cities, as well as the industrial structure rationality and synergy into the index system, and applies the gravity model, the Thiel index and the industrial structure similarity coefficient to measure them, respectively. The study shows that the economic and social development of the four metropolitan areas is extremely uneven, with each area having certain shortcomings, and the development level of each area fluctuates significantly in terms of economic connectivity and industrial structure. Finally, relevant suggestions are put forward according to the shortcomings to provide reference for the future development direction of the metropolitan area, which is of great practical significance to promote the high-quality development of the regional economy.
Curved Planar Reformation: A Useful Method for Screening Dental Pathologies in Chronic Rhinosinusitis via Paranasal Sinus Computed Tomography
Authors: Chen Wei-Chih , Hwang Lisa Alice , Lin Wei-Che , Wu Ching-Nung , Su Wei-Chia , Fang Kuan-Chung , Luo Sheng-Dean
Published: September 2022

(1) Background: Curved planar reformation (CPR) is a multiplanar reformatting technique of computed tomography (CT) commonly used during dental cone-beam CT (CBCT) to generate panorex-like images for dental evaluation. Here, we evaluated the utility of an additional CPR sequence in detecting dental pathologies in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). (2) Methods: CRS patients who underwent paranasal sinus CT were enrolled retrospectively. The CT images featured three orthogonal sequences and a reconstructed CPR sequence. Additional dental CBCT was performed in patients with pathologies with a strongly suspected odontogenic origin. Dental pathologies detected by CT, CPR, and CBCT were analyzed. (3) Results: A total of 82 CRS patients (37 females and 45 males; mean age 47.3 ± 13.7 years) were included, of whom 23 underwent dental CBCT. In total, 1058 maxillary teeth were evaluated. Compared with paranasal sinus CT, CPR identified greater frequencies of dental pathologies, particularly caries (p < 0.001), periapical lesions (p < 0.001), and fistulae (p = 0.014). CBCT identified greater frequencies of periodontal dental pathologies (p = 0.046) and premolar caries (p = 0.002) compared with CPR. CBCT and CPR detected molar dental pathologies at similar frequencies. (4) Conclusions: CPR could increase the diagnostic rate of odontogenic pathologies compared with standard CT orthogonal views, especially when the sinusitis is caused by caries, periapical lesions, or fistulae. The addition of a CPR sequence allows for simple screening of dental pathologies in CRS patients without a need for additional radiation.
Study on Tritium and Iodine Species Transport through Porous Granite: A Non-Sorption Effect by Anion Exclusion
Authors: Shi Yunfeng , Yang Song , Chen Wenjie , Xiong Weijia , Zhang Aiming , Yu Zhixiang , Lian Bing , Lee Chuan-Pin
Published: September 2022

The safety of deep geological repositories is important in the disposal of high-level radioactive waste (HLW). In this study, advection–dispersion experiments were designed to build a transport model through a calibration/validation process, and the transport behavior of tritiated water (HTO) and various iodine species (iodide: I− and iodate: IO3−) was studied on a dynamic compacted granite column. Breakthrough curves (BTCs) were plotted under various flow rates (1–5 mL/min). BTCs showed that the non-sorption effect by anion exclusion was observed only in I− transport because the retardation factor (R) of I− was lower than that of HTO (R = 1). Moreover, equilibrium and nonequilibrium transport models were used and compared to identify the mobile/immobile zones in the compacted granite column. The anion exclusion effect was influenced by the immobile zones in the column. The non-sorption effect by anion exclusion (R < 1) was only observed for I− at 5.0 ± 0.2 mL/min flow rate, and a relatively higher Coulomb’s repulsive force may be caused by the smaller hydration radius of I−(3.31 Å) than that of IO3−(3.74 Å).
Effect of Embryonic Alcohol Exposure on Craniofacial and Skin Melanocyte Development: Insights from Zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Azimian Zavareh Parnia , Silva Praneeth , Gimhani Nuwanthika , Atukorallaya Devi
Published: September 2022

Alcohol is a common addictive substance and prenatal alcohol exposure could cause fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) and can lead to various birth defects. The small teleost zebrafish (Danio rerio) has been identified as a fine animal model in developmental biology and toxicological research. Zebrafish models are widely used to study the harmful effects of alcohol and limited studies are available on the craniofacial and skin malformations associated with FASD. The present study attempts to investigate the effect of alcohol on early zebrafish embryonic development. The effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on neural crest cell-derived organ formation, including pharyngeal dentition, palatal bones and skin melanocytes were analysed. Whole-mount cartilage and bone staining and imaging techniques were applied to determine the effects of alcohol on the above-mentioned structures. The tooth size and shape were affected by alcohol exposure, but the number of teeth in the pharyngeal dentition was not affected. Only first-generation teeth showed size differences. The alcohol-exposed ethmoid bone, which is homologous to the human hard palate, was smaller and less dense in cell arrangement compared with the control medial ethmoid bone. The skin pigmentation defects included reduced melanocyte density, melanin contraction, smaller melanocyte surface area and aberrations in melanosome dispersion, revealing that alcohol significantly influenced and downregulated each and every step of the melanocyte developmental process. This descriptive study summarises the effects of alcohol on the development of neural crest cell-derived structures and highlights the importance of zebrafish in studying the phenotypic characteristics of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder.
Enhancement and Homogenization of Indoor Air Quality in a Classroom Using a Vertical Airflow Ventilation Scheme
Authors: Park Su-Hoon , Lee Kyung-Rae , Yook Se-Jin , Koo Hyun Bon
Published: September 2022

Since air quality has a great influence on students’ health and learning ability, enhancing air quality in classrooms is important. Currently, widely distributed ventilation systems operate by moving airflow horizontally from ventilation inlets and outlets on the ceiling. This method can reduce the average pollution in a space by diluting it through air exchange; however, it is limited regarding homogeneous cleanliness due to air stagnation at some locations. Therefore, in this study, a new ventilation system was devised to improve indoor air quality and spatial homogeneity by installing ventilation inlets on the ceiling and numerous outlets on the floor, creating a vertical airflow in the interior space; this system was then applied to a middle school classroom. Using the age of air as an index, air quality improvement between the existing and newly designed ventilation systems was compared. In the classroom with the existing ventilation system, the age of air was low in the area near the ventilation inlets, while air congestion areas were widely distributed and air age was high near the outlets. Conversely, in the vertical airflow classroom, the average age of air was approximately 15% lower than that with the existing ventilation system, and the deviation of air age for each position in the classroom space was also reduced, showing a uniform air age distribution. Therefore, the vertical airflow ventilation system proposed in this study can be an effective ventilation scheme for enhancing and homogenizing indoor air quality.
Study on Di-Phase Membrane Device with DZ272(DDD) for Purification Behavior of Divalent Cobalt Ions in Slops
Authors: Pei Liang , Sun Liying
Published: September 2022

A novel Di-phase membrane device with DZ272 (DDD) containing a replenishing feed section and replenishing resolving section for the purification behavior of Co(II) has been studied. The replenishing feed section was composed of feed solution and Di-isooctylphosphinic acid (DZ272) as the carrier in fossil oil, and the replenishing resolving section was composed of DZ272 as the carrier in fossil oil and HCl as the resolving agent. The effects of the voluminal ratio of the membrane solution and feed solution (O/F), pH, initial molarity of Co(II) and ionic strength in the feed solution, voluminal ratio of membrane solution and resolving agent (O/S), molarity of H2SO4 solution and DZ272 molarity in the replenishing resolving section on purification of Co(II) were considered. The benefits of DDD compared to the traditional membrane device, system stability, reuse of the membrane solution and retention of the membrane section were also studied. Experimental results indicated that the optimal purification conditions of Co(II) were obtained, as H2SO4 molarity was 2.00 mol/L, DZ272 molarity was 0.120 mol/L, O/S was 3:1 in the replenishing resolving section, O/F was 1:8 and pH was 5.20 in the replenishing feed section. The ions intensity in the replenishing feed section had no apparent effect on purification behavior of Co(II). When the initial Co(II) molarity was 3.00 × 10−4 mol/L, the purification percentage of Co(II) achieved 93.6% in 200 min. The kinetic equation was deduced in light of the law of mass diffusivity and interfacial chemistry.
Effects of Oxathiapiprolin on the Structure, Diversity and Function of Soil Fungal Community
Authors: Chen Yuxuan , Zhang Fengwen , Huang Bin , Wang Jie , Huang Haixia , Song Zhanfeng , Nong Shiying , Huang Chongjun , Wei Jianyu , Jia Haijiang
Published: September 2022

Pesticides can affect non-target microorganisms in the soil and are directly related to soil microecological health and environmental safety. Oxathiapiprolin is a piperidinyl thiazole isoxazoline fungicide that shows excellent control effect against oomycete fungal diseases, including late blight, downy mildew, root rot, stem rot, and blight. Though it can exist stably in the soil for a long time, its effects on soil microbial structure and diversity are not well investigated. In the present study, the effects of oxathiapiprolin on the abundance and diversity of soil fungal communities in typical farmland were studied. The results show that the abundance and diversity of soil fungi were increased by oxathiapiprolin treatment with differences not significant on the 30th day. Oxathiapiprolin was found to change the structure of soil fungal communities, among which Ascomycota and Mortierellomycota were the most affected. Undefined saprophytic fungi increased in the treatment groups, and the colonization of saprophytic fungi can act as a major contributor to the function of soil microbial communities. This study lays a solid foundation regarding environmental behavior with the use of oxathiapiprolin in soil and details its scientific and rational use.
The remote sensing methods in the design of post-industrial architectural objects
Authors:   State University of Land Management, Moscow, Ilvitskaya S. V., , Korkashov T.I. ,   State University of Land Management, Moscow
Published: September 2022

The article explores the actual methods of creating a model of mining facilities (dumps, hydraulic dumps) in the context of landscape architecture. The advantages of remote sensing technologies in the preparation of a reclamation project are explanied in this paper as well.
Assessment the quality of life in the Russian regions and cities for sustainable development
Authors:   State University of Land Management, Moscow, Tsypkin Yu. A. , Gorbunova A.A. ,   State University of Land Management, Moscow
Published: September 2022

The article discusses the concept and goals of sustainable development. The sustainable development of all countries is aimed at eradicating poverty and hunger, conserving the planet's resources, ensuring prosperity for all, and so on. To achieve the goals of Sustainable Development, various instruments of state regulation are used, for example, work is underway to monitor the indicators necessary to achieve such goals. The calculation of the urban environment quality index, the quality of life index, etc. in the Russian Federation provide an effective assessment of the state of the urban environment and determine the vectors for their development. At the global level, the ESG-assessment of regions is carried out as part of a systematic approach to doing business within the framework of sustainable development. In our country, the transition to the ESG economy is yet to come.
Evaluation of the effi ciency of Russia’s trade with the countries of the EU based on the use of regression analysis techniques and the import demand function
Authors:   Institute of Applied Economic Research of The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), Moscow, Shapor M. A. , Ilyasova A. R. ,   Institute of Economics, Mathematics and Information Technologies of The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), Moscow
Published: September 2022

The article is devoted to the study of approaches to assessing the effectiveness of the country’s foreign trade. In the course of the study, the authors analyze the dynamics of Russia’s mutual trade with the countries of the European Union in 2007–2020. This time interval was chosen due to the alternation of relatively stable and crisis periods: relatively stable for Russia and the world, 2005–2007 became a time of steady growth in world energy prices, followed by the global crisis of 2008, the debt crisis in the EU 2010–2012, sanctions confrontation EU-RF starting in 2014 and finally the COVID-19 pandemic. The novelty of the presented approach lies in the method proposed by the authors for forecasting the dynamics of integral indicators of export and export volumes in terms of commodity for the following commodity groups: nuclear reactors, boilers, equipment and mechanical devices, plastics and plastic products, mineral fuel, oil and distillation products, rubber and rubber, as well as products from them and ferrous metals for the EU-RF pair. The following macroeconomic indicators were used as tools: GDP, inflation and unemployment, the dynamics of world prices for hydrocarbon energy carriers, as well as the possibility proposed by the authors to test the demand function for imported products, developed by the research team of the Institute for Applied Economic Research of the RANEPA under the President of the Russian Federation on the basis of the available foreign and Russian experience on this issue.
The structure of the counterfeit market in the Russian Federation in the conditions of the USA and Western sanctions
Authors:   Vladimir State University named after Alexander Grigorievich and Nikolai Grigorievich Stoletovs, Vladimir, Aksenov I. A.
Published: September 2022

Nowadays, counterfeiting has acquired colossal proportions not only in the territory of the Russian Federation, but throughout the world. The growth of off enses related to the production and distribution of counterfeit goods is increasing day by day. Major global brands are seriously concerned about the problem of counterfeit products, since from its production and sales they bear not only fi nancial, but also reputational risks that can lead to signifi cant problems in the activities of companies. The spread of counterfeit damages not only brands, but also the state in the form of lost income, consumers who receive low-quality goods, some of which can be dangerous to life and health. In recent years, brands have been actively fi ghting counterfeit products, interacting with government agencies. At the same time, taking into account the scale of the spread of counterfeit goods in the world, it is not possible to speak about the sufficient effectiveness of the fight against it at present. The counterfeit market was formed in Russia several decades ago. The volume of the Russian market of counterfeit products is more than 2.5 trillion rubles a year. The manufacture and distribution of counterfeit goods is a profi table illegal business. The lack of advertising costs, the presence of a consistently high consumer demand, savings on the quality of raw materials and materials used for the production of counterfeit goods make the shadow market of counterfeit products highly profi table. The article discusses the structure of the counterfeit market in the Russian Federation. The features of the formation of such a structure in modern conditions are reflected. The directions of development of the counterfeit market of the Russian Federation are revealed.
A diszlokációeloszlás becslése a minta középpontjában 1050-es alumíniumötvözet esetén
Authors: Purnima Chakravarty , Pál Gyula , Jurij J. Sidor , Bátorfi János Gy
Published: September 2022

Ezen tanulmány három különböző módszert mutat be 1050-es alumíniumötvözet esetében a minta középvo- nalában lévő diszlokációk sűrűségének a becsléséhez. Jól ismert az a tény, miszerint hengerelt anyagoknál a deformáció inhomogén módon alakul a keresztmetszet mentén, ami hatással van a diszlokációsűrűség változására a deformáció folyamán. Jelen munkában a diszlokációk mennyiségét kísérleti úton számoltuk ki keménységmérés segítségével 46,8%-os deformációjú hidegen hengerelt 1050-es alumíniumötvözetben, majd az eredményt kétféle numerikus módszerrel igazoltuk.
A folyóképességet módosító polimerek kiválasztási módszere a harmadlagos kőolaj-kitermelésben
Authors: Hartyányi Máté , Nagy Roland , Bartha László , Puskás Sándor
Published: September 2022

A kőolajmező olajkihozatalának növelésére megoldást adhatnak a harmadlagos kőolaj-kitermelési módsze- rek. Ezek közül elterjedtek a polimer-tenzides, elárasztásos műveletek. A polimerek és a tenzidek hatékony kiválasztása elengedhetetlen a sikeres harmadlagos kitermelési projekt kivitelezéséhez. A polimerek rész- letes szelekciója általában hosszadalmas feladat, ami számos vizsgálatot foglal magában. Célunk egy olyan laboratóriumi, gyors polimerszelekciós módszer megalkotása, amely alapján kiválasztható a várhatóan leg- ígéretesebb polimertípus. A polimerek oldhatóságának, az oldatok dinamikai viszkozitásának és a polimerek oldatbeli hidrodinamikai átmérőjének vizsgálatával kiválasztottuk a potenciálisan legjobb polimert.
NSSC 2120-típusú, sovány duplex acél nagy hőbevitelű hegesztése
Authors: Simon Soma Csaba , Varbai Balázs
Published: September 2022

A duplex korrózióálló acélok a kiváló korrózióállóságuk mellett nagy szilárdságú alternatívát jelentenek a korrózióálló acélok családján belül, ami a kettős szövetszerkezetüknek köszönhető. Ez a szövetszerkezet azonban jelentősen befolyásolható a hegesztési hőciklussal, ezért a hegesztésükre megengedett legnagyobb hőbevitel általában 2,5 kJ/mm. Ebben a kutatásban nagy hőbevitelű hegesztésre (~ 3 kJ/mm) kifejlesztett, NSSC 2120 jelű alapanyag hegeszthetőségét vizsgáltuk. A varratokat metallográfiai eljárásokkal és korróziós vizsgálattal értékeltük. A kutatásunk során azt találtuk, hogy a vizsgált technológiai tényezők mellett az NSSC 2120-as alapanyag nagy hőbevitellel jól hegeszthető a fázisarány és a szövetszerkezet leromlása nélkül.
Análisis documental de la educación superior universitaria en el contexto COVID-19 en Latinoamérica
Authors: Pernalete Lugo Josefrank , Odor Rossel Ysaelen
Published: September 2022

Analizar los factores que acontecen en la educación superior universitaria en Latinoamérica producto del COVID-19, se sustentó en el paradigma positivista mixto. De la propuesta de tipo teórico y documental; se consultaron fuentes primarias conformadas por artículos en revistas indexadas (42), notas de prensa (12), informes técnicos y marcos genéricos (10), obtenidos de las bases de datos Latindex, Scielo, WoS y Scopus. Las unidades de análisis seleccionadas para la obtención de la información por su pertinencia y relación con el tema fueron 20 recursos científicos. Los métodos de investigación para la revisión de literatura se desarrollaron a través del enfoque analítico-sintético. En conclusión, la contingencia educativa por COVID-19 determinó que los factores; profesionalización y actualización docente, conectividad, equipos tecnológicos e instrumentos de evaluación y variables psicosociales, han generado en la comunidad educativa: situaciones de estrés y la preocupación por la sostenibilidad de las universidades.
Bienestar emocional y tutoría en el curso Recursos de información II de la Facultad de Letras y Ciencias Humanas de la UNMSM durante el año 2021
Authors: Olaya Guerrero Julio César
Published: September 2022

En el estudio es una experiencia pedagógica que donde se analizan los aspectos del bienestar emocional, conductas y el asesoramiento tutorial orientado al acompañamiento de los estudiantes del quinto ciclo que llevaron el curso Recursos de Información II en la Facultad de Letras y Ciencias Humanas de la UNMSM durante el año 2021. A manera de cierre se expresa que en la pandemia ha sido fundamental mantener la comunicación permanente con los estudiantes mediante redes sociales y plataformas como Zoom, Google meet; asimismo, se presentan los títulos de los trabajos finales que desarrollaron en equipo.
CLASIFICACIÓN DE MANZANAS CON REDES NEURONALES CONVOLUCIONALES
Authors: Olguín-Rojas Juan C. , Vasquez-Gomez Juan I. , López-Canteñs Gilberto de J. , Herrera-Lozada Juan C.
Published: September 2022

Actualmente, en puntos de venta y en empresas agroindustriales de México, la clasificación de manzanas (Malus domestica) la realizan personas de forma manual, lo que genera deficiencias en la calidad del producto. Estos problemas se pueden reducir con la implementación de equipos de visión en sitio equipados con algoritmos de aprendizaje automático. En este estudio se analizaron varias arquitecturas de red neuronal convolucional (CNN) y se seleccionó una que permite clasificar manzanas en sanas y dañadas en el proceso en postcosecha. Las variedades utilizadas fueron Red Delicious, Granny Smith, Golden Delicious y Gala. Se comparó la exactitud de las CNN LeNet5 y VGG16. Se realizó una serie de tratamientos (combinación de red con hiperparámetros) que se utilizaron para la clasificación del objeto de estudio. Al probarse cada tratamiento se midió su rendimiento. Al finalizar, el tratamiento con mejor rendimiento fue LeNet5 entrenada desde cero con el optimizador RMSProp, que obtuvo una exactitud del 97 %.
HANS F2019: NUEVA VARIEDAD DE TRIGO HARINERO PARA SIEMBRAS DE RIEGO EN MÉXICO
Authors: Villaseñor-Mir Héctor Eduardo , Huerta-Espino Julio , Hortelano-Santa Rosa René , Martínez-Cruz Eliel , Solís-Moya Ernesto , Alvarado-Padilla Jorge Iván , Rodríguez-García María F. , Borbón-Gracia Alberto , Cortinas-Escobar Héctor , Espitia-Rangel Eduardo , Cuéllar-Villarreal Eutimio de Jesús , Chávez-Villalba Gabriela , Osorio-Alcalá Leodegario
Published: September 2022

En México se produjeron 2.98 millones de toneladas (MT) de trigo en el año 2020, de las cuales 1.19 fueron del tipo macarronero (Triticum durum Desf.) y 1.79 de tipo harinero (Triticum aestivum L.). Del trigo macarronero se consumieron en el país 577,392 toneladas y el resto (615,511 toneladas) se exportó, mientras que del harinero se demandaron 6.20 MT, por lo que se recurrió a la importación de 4.40 MT. El trigo importado fue en 90 % del tipo de grano panificable de gluten fuerte y se realizó en su mayoría de EUA, Canadá, Rusia y Ucrania (SIAP, 2022).