bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The 24-hour molecular landscape after exercise in humans reveals MYC is sufficient for muscle growth
Authors: Edman Sebastian , Jones III Ronald G , Jannig Paulo R , Fernandez-Gonzalo Rodrigo , Norrbom Jessica , Thomas Nicholas T , Khadgi Sabin , Koopmans Pieter J , Morena Francielly , Chambers Toby L , Peterson Calvin S , Scott Logan N , Greene Nicholas P , Figueiredo Vandre C , Fry Christopher S , Zhengye Liu , Lanner Johanna T , Wen Yuan , Alkner Björn , Murach Kevin A , von Walden Ferdinand
Published: October 2024

A detailed understanding of molecular responses to a hypertrophic stimulus in skeletal muscle leads to therapeutic advances aimed at promoting muscle mass. To decode the molecular factors regulating skeletal muscle mass, we utilized a 24-h time course of human muscle biopsies after a bout of resistance exercise. Our findings indicate: (1) the DNA methylome response at 30 min corresponds to upregulated genes at 3 h, (2) a burst of translation- and transcription-initiation factor-coding transcripts occurs between 3 and 8 h, (3) changes to global protein-coding gene expression peaks at 8 h, (4) ribosome-related genes dominate the mRNA landscape between 8 and 24 h, (5) methylation-regulated MYC is a highly influential transcription factor throughout recovery. To test whether MYC is sufficient for hypertrophy, we periodically pulse MYC in skeletal muscle over 4 weeks. Transient MYC increases muscle mass and fiber size in the soleus of adult mice. We present a temporally resolved resource for understanding molecular adaptations to resistance exercise in muscle (http://data.myoanalytics.com) and suggest that controlled MYC doses influence the exercise-related hypertrophic transcriptional landscape.
Construction of 3D tumor in vitro models with an immune microenvironment exhibiting similar tumor properties and biomimetic physiological functionality
Authors: Jiang Yuhong , Jin Lijuan , Liu Wenyu , Liu Hui , Liu Xiao , Tan Zhikai
Published: October 2024

Schematic representation of RHLC. dLECMs were obtained from porcine liver decellularization. HepG2, TEC, CAF, and JURKAT cells were mixed and co-cultured on dLECMs.
Pd-Catalysed synthesis of carborane sulfides from carborane thiols
Authors: Minematsu Natsuki , Nishii Yuji , Hirano Koji
Published: October 2024

Carboranes are an interesting class of aromatic molecules with icosahedral geometry, high stability, and unique electronic effects.
A hydrogen peroxide activated near-infrared ratiometric fluorescent probe for ratio imaging in vivo
Authors: Zheng Bing , Wang Shulong , Huang Lixian , Xu Jiayao , Luo Yanni , Zhao Shulin
Published: October 2024

A hydrogen peroxide activated near-infrared ratiometric fluorescent probe was developed. This probe has been used for ratio imaging of hydrogen peroxide in vivo.
Superhydrophobic PVDF/SiO2 composite films with a hierarchical structure for highly stabilized radiative cooling
Authors: Tan Zhengfei , Yang Huiyu , Cheng Xiaohua , Yu Guowen , Liu Hai , Zhang Bingqing , Gong Chunli
Published: October 2024

PVDF/SiO2 composite films with a hierarchical structure were prepared by water bath solvent exchange and they realized the integration of self-cleaning and radiative cooling.
High-purity Hägg carbide supported by g-C3N4 for CO2 hydrogenation to liquid fuel
Authors: Lu Zixuan , Ai Peipei , Zheng Liru , Huang Jie , Jiang Yong , Guo Lisheng , Sun Song
Published: October 2024

A uniform distribution of iron nanoparticles supported by g-C3N4 was obtained. The Hägg carbide core–shell structure can efficiently promote CO2 hydrogenation to liquid fuel.
Upcycling of waste polyesters for the development of a circular economy
Authors: Zhao Huaiyuan , Ye Yingdan , Zhang Yibin , Yang Lei , Du Weichen , Wang Songlin , Hou Zhaoyin
Published: October 2024

Progress in chemical recycling of waste polyesters (waste plastic refinery) was reviewed and prospected, newly reported thermal catalysis, photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, and biocatalysis in the recycle of waste PET-based product were introduced.
An activatable red emitting fluorescent probe for monitoring vicinal dithiol protein fluctuations in a stroke model
Authors: Shen Ruipeng , Chen Ya-xiong , Chen Yating , Sayed Zahid Nasim , Yi Meirong , Sun Chunlin , Zhang Baoxin , Fang Jianguo
Published: October 2024

An activatable red emitting fluorescent probe, VDP-red, is developed for detecting vicinal dithiol proteins (VDPs).
Ni-catalyzed reductive cyanation of alkenyl tosylates and triflates
Authors: Graham Joshua M. , Rousseaux Sophie A. L.
Published: October 2024

Herein, we disclose the nickel-catalyzed reductive cyanation of alkenyl tosylates and triflates.
Theoretical study on the mechanisms of formation of primal carbon clusters and nanoparticles in space
Authors: Kalchevski Dobromir A. , Trifonov Dimitar V. , Kolev Stefan K. , Popov Valentin N. , Aleksandrov Hristiyan A. , Milenov Teodor I.
Published: October 2024

We propose a theoretical mechanism of assembly of fullerene nanoparticles from random aggregates of carbon atoms in space.
Investigation on the combustion mechanism for NF3/H2 in DF/HF chemical lasers: a new perspective based on deep potential molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Ma Yinhua , Mu Dongmei , Lv Meiheng , Wang Nan , Liu Huaxin , Shang Fangjian , Liu Jianyong
Published: October 2024

Combustion-driven deuterium fluoride/hydrogen fluoride (DF/HF) lasers are a crucial type of chemical lasers.
Atomistic insights into the nucleation and growth of hexagonal boron nitride and graphene heterostructures
Authors: Achehboune Mohamed , Zhour Kazem , Dabrowski Jaroslaw , Vignaud Dominique , Franck Max , Lukosius Mindaugas , Colomer Jean-François , Henrard Luc
Published: October 2024

Adsorption, diffusion, and charge transfer analysis of carbon adatoms on an hBN surface during the initial nucleation of graphene on hBN.
Lattice thermal conductivity reduction in Ca3AlSb3 and Ca5Al2Sb6 by manipulating the covalent tetrahedral chain
Authors: Zhang Chi , Zhai Wenya , Li Jingyu , Zhu Jianbo , Ou Zengfu , Li Lanwei , Liu Peng-Fei , Liu Xiaobing , Yan Yuli , Zhang Yongsheng
Published: October 2024

Exploring the origins of low thermal conductivity in Ca–Al–Sb compounds reveals structural interactions that enhance phonon scattering. Strategies involve substituting heavier atoms to disrupt covalent chains, thereby reducing thermal conductivity.
Rationalizing polymorphism with local correlation-based methods: a case study of pnictogen molecular crystals
Authors: Altun Ahmet , Schiavo Eduardo , Mehring Michael , Schulz Stephan , Bistoni Giovanni , Auer Alexander A.
Published: October 2024

Combined Hartree–Fock plus London Dispersion (HFLD) and fragment-pairwise Local Energy Decomposition (fp-LED) enables computation of lattice energies, their breakdown into pairwise terms, and assessment of relative stability sources in polymorphs.
Exploring the valleytronic, optical, and piezoelectric properties of Janus MoBXY2 (X = N, P; Y = S, Se, Te) monolayers for multifunctional applications
Authors: Xie Luogang , Wang Lingli , Ma YanDong , Lu Hongyan , Yang Yang
Published: October 2024

Unveiling novel Janus MoBXY2 monolayers with unique valleytronic, optical, and piezoelectric properties for multifunctional applications.
A comprehensive review of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) and their derivatives in environmental pollution control
Authors: Ge Shengbo , Wei Kexin , Peng Wanxi , Huang Runzhou , Akinlabi Esther , Xia Hongyan , Shahzad Muhammad Wakil , Zhang Xuehua , Xu Ben Bin , Jiang Jianchun
Published: October 2024

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have gained considerable attention due to their design possibilities as the molecular organic building blocks that can stack in an atomically precise spatial arrangement.
Boron enabled bioconjugation chemistries
Authors: Zheng Mengmeng , Kong Lingchao , Gao Jianmin
Published: October 2024

Organoboron compounds have given rise to a growing collection of bioconjugation reactions, with some being reversible while others yielding a stable linkage. Both reaction subtypes have found their unique applications in biology.
Combining computational and experimental studies to gain mechanistic insights for n-butane isomerisation with a model microporous catalyst
Authors: Potter Matthew E. , Spiske Lucas , Plessow Philipp N. , McShane Evangeline B. , Carravetta Marina , Oakley Alice E. , Bere Takudzwa , Carter James H. , Vandegehuchte Bart D. , Kaźmierczak Kamila M. , Studt Felix , Raja Robert
Published: October 2024

Using a model microporous catalyst, the influence of acid site density and partial pressure is explored in alkane isomerisation. Combining with DFT calculations shows the role of olefins in this industrially important catalytic process.
Extended investigation of the conductive characteristics of monoclinic tungstates with a Bi3.24Ln2W0.76O10.14 (Ln = La, Pr or Nd) composition
Authors: Orlova Ekaterina I. , Morkhova Yelizaveta A. , Lyskov Nikolay V. , Egorova Anastasia V. , Baldin Egor D. , Kabanov Artem A. , Kharitonova Elena P. , Voronkova Valentina I.
Published: October 2024

More extensive conductivity studies have been carried out on the Bi3.24Ln2W0.76O10.14 (Ln = La, Pr or Nd) Watanabe phases, resulting in a detailed understanding of the predominant oxygen-ion migration.
Quantitative determination and subcellular mapping of Pt-based drugs in single breast tumour cells via laser ablation-ICP-mass spectrometry
Authors: Colina-Vegas Legna , Van Acker Thibaut , Villarreal Wilmer , De Wever Olivier , Batista Alzir Azevedo , Nóbrega Joaquim Araújo , Vanhaecke Frank
Published: October 2024

This study utilizes LA-ICP-MS to reveal the distribution and determine the concentration of Pt in MDA-MB-231 cells, providing insight into the mechanism and efficacy of Pt-based chemotherapeutic drugs.
High-pressure synthesis and crystal structure analysis of PbTeO4, a UV transparent material
Authors: Hladik Michael , Penz Armin , Purtscher Felix R. S. , Hofer Thomas S. , Heymann Gunter , Weil Matthias
Published: October 2024

Crystal structure of PbTeO4 with presumed position of the PbII lone-pair electrons (turquoise spheres). The electron localization function was used to emphasize the presence of the electron lone pair E.
Mobility of biochar-derived dissolved organic matter and its effects on sulfamerazine transport through saturated soil porous media
Authors: Liu Mengya , Liu Xiaochen , Hu Yalu , Zhang Qiang , Farooq Usman , Qi Zhichong , Lu Laotao
Published: October 2024

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) released from biochar may impact antibiotic mobility and environmental fate in subsurface environments.
In vivo mechanism of the interaction between trimethylamine lyase expression and glycolytic pathways
Authors: Li Qian , Wu Di , Song Yu , Zhang Lu , Wang Ting , Chen Xiaoxu , Zhang Min
Published: October 2024

Inhibition of key enzymes by glycolysis inhibitors could promote the utilization and conversion of glycine, thereby reducing the synthesis of trimethylamine lyase.
The effects of polyolefin structure and source on pyrolysis-derived plastic oil composition
Authors: Wu Jiayang , Jiang Zhen , Cecon Victor S. , Curtzwiler Greg , Vorst Keith , Mavrikakis Manos , Huber George W.
Published: October 2024

Seven types of plastics, from varied structures and sources, were pyrolyzed in a fluidized bed reactor. The resulting oils were analyzed by GC×GC, NMR, and ICP, while theory and experiments were combined to explore the degradation mechanism.
Photo-driven reduction/cyclization of nitroarenes via electron donor–acceptor complexes: a novel method for the acquisition of N-heterocycles
Authors: Sun Bin , Lv Chun , Zhuang Xiaohui , Xu Yan , Song Haijing , Wang Jiayin , Zhang Zhaokang , Wang Jiayang , Jin Can
Published: October 2024

An EDA complex-based method for the reduction/cyclization of nitroarenes to obtain N-heterocycles with H2O as a clean by-product is presented.
Continuous-flow synthesis of cyclic carbonates with polymer-supported imidazolium-based ionic liquid (Im-PSIL) catalysts
Authors: Yu Zhibo , Ishitani Haruro , Kobayashi Shu
Published: October 2024

Precisely designed and synthesized polystyrene-supported imidazolium was found to be a catalyst, efficiently converting CO2 into cyclic carbonates under continuous-flow conditions.
CO2 catalyzed recycling of polyester and polycarbonate plastics
Authors: Zhang Qiao , Wang Nan , Hu Chenyang , Li Peng-Yuan , Bai Fu-Quan , Pang Xuan , Chen Xuesi , Wang Xianhong
Published: October 2024

CO2 was found to be an efficient catalyst for depolymerizing common waste polyesters and polycarbonates via alcoholysis, yielding valuable organic molecules. CO2 was considered a Lewis acid–base pair, activating both polymers and alcohol.
Hypervalent iodine chemistry with a mechanochemical twist
Authors: Doobary Sayad , de Vries Ibáñez Miguel M. , Olofsson Berit
Published: October 2024

An assessment of mechanochemistry's utility with hypervalent iodine reagents highlighted its effectiveness, which showed better selectivity, reaction times and differing reactivity.
A new concept for correction of instrumental isotopic fractionation in MC-ICP-MS using a pair of monoisotopic elements: a critical evaluation
Authors: Tupys Andrii , Tetfejer Klaudia , Halicz Ludwik , Bulska Ewa , Karasiński Jakub
Published: October 2024

In this research work, we investigated the possibility of using mixtures of monoisotopic elements (93Nb/89Y, 165Ho/159Tb and 209Bi/197Au) as calibrators for accurate determination of isotope ratios by multicollector mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS).
Insights into the role of transition and noble metals mediating photochemical vapor generation
Authors: Sturgeon Ralph E. , Pagliano Enea , Lopes Gisele S. , Neto Renato S. A. , Brito Jane K. S.
Published: October 2024

Stable gas production from radical precursors during UV-C photolysis provides a tool for investigating transition metal-mediated PVG reactions. A tutorial approach supporting photocatalytic interactions with generated transition metals is presented.
Chemical analysis of Chang'e-5 lunar soil using LA-ICP-MS in highly diluted fused glass discs
Authors: Wu Shitou , Xue Dingshuai , Yang Yueheng , Wang Hao , Li Chunlai , Wu Fuyuan
Published: October 2024

The bulk chemical compositions of extraterrestrial materials can provide critical information on the evolution and magmatism of planetary bodies.
An imaging scheme to study the flow dynamics of co-flow regimes in microfluidics: implications for nanoprecipitation
Authors: Inam Wali , Vladyka Anton , Pylvänäinen Joanna W. , Solis Junel , Tokic Dado , Kankaanpää Pasi , Zhang Hongbo
Published: October 2024

Herein, by presenting a novel imaging-based scheme for analyzing fluid interactions in co-flow regimes, we identify oscillatory and chaotic flow behaviors to optimize nanoprecipitation through controlled fluid manipulation.
Correction: Deciphering hepatoma cell resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors: insights from a Liver-on-a-Chip model unveiling tumor endothelial cell mechanisms
Authors: Poddar Madhu Shree , Chu Yu-De , Yeh Chau-Ting , Liu Cheng-Hsien
Published: October 2024

Correction for ‘Deciphering hepatoma cell resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors: insights from a Liver-on-a-Chip model unveiling tumor endothelial cell mechanisms’ by Madhu Shree Poddar et al., Lab Chip, 2024, 24, 3668–3678, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4LC00238E.
Muscle-like hydrogels with fast isochoric responses and their applications as soft robots: a minireview
Authors: Bai Hui Ying , Zhu Qing Li , Cheng Han Lei , Wen Xin Ling , Wang Zhi Jian , Zheng Qiang , Wu Zi Liang
Published: October 2024

Various muscle-like hydrogels that emerged in recent years exhibit rapid and isochoric deformations upon stimulations. This minireview summarizes the development of muscle-like hydrogels, their unique mechanisms, and applications as soft robots.
Structures, aromaticity, AIM, and NBO analyses of hydroxy and mercapto azaazulene: a DFT study
Authors: Hussein Abrar S. , Abdel-Aal Mohammed T. , El-Nahas Ahmed M. , El-Meligy Asmaa B.
Published: October 2024

Aromaticity, AIM, ESP and NBO analyses of hydroxy and mercapto azaazulene tautomers and rotamers.
Highly efficient and selective extraction of gold by a fluorinated imine-based covalent organic polymer
Authors: Li Lijun , Deng Qiwen , Wang Xiaomei , Yang Yuling , Chen Hao , Li An , Liu Kun , Yi Wenjun , Zhou Congshan , Yuan Yongbing
Published: October 2024

Considering the increasing demand for gold and the scarcity of mineral resources, this study presents a promising avenue for its recovery from secondary resources.
Naphthyl and biphenyl para-substituted POCOP-Ni(ii) pincer complexes as efficient catalysts in C–S cross-coupling reactions
Authors: López-Robledo Luis E. , Ortiz-Fuentes Evelin E. , Rufino-Felipe Ernesto , Serrano-García Juan S. , Arenaza-Corona Antonino , Hernandez-Ortega Simón , Valdés Hugo , Gonzalez-Sebastian Lucero , Reyes-Márquez Viviana , Morales-Morales David
Published: October 2024

Para-functionalized Ni(ii)-POCOP pincer complexes with poly-aromatic fragments were obtained and used as efficient catalysts in C–S cross-couplings of thiols.
Catalytic utility of a bimetallic (pincer) PNN-based nickel complex in the synthesis of quinolines and α-alkylation of ketones
Authors: Pandey Ankit , Balakrishna Maravanji S.
Published: October 2024

This paper describes the synthesis and characterization of a bipincer nickel complex containing bipyridine-based bisphosphine and its catalytic application in quinoline synthesis and α-alkylation of ketones.
Strengthened, thermoreversible and conductive rubber with dual dynamic networks for strain sensors
Authors: Yang Yuelong , Wang Xiaoping
Published: October 2024

Conductive composites have great potential in the field of strain sensors, which can be endowed with thermoreversible properties and excellent mechanical properties through the construction of dual dynamic networks structure inside the material, and compounded with the concept of green chemistry.
From synthesis to chiroptical activities: advancements in circularly polarized luminescent inorganic quantum dots
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Yan Wenhui , Pang Dai-Wen , Cai Jiarong
Published: October 2024

Review of synthesis strategies for circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) inorganic quantum dots, influencing factors, theoretical insight into CPL mechanisms, and future applications/prospects. Images reproduced with permission, details in article.
Synthesis of the methyl ester of 17(R/S)-Me-RvD5n-3 DPA and relief of postoperative pain in male mice
Authors: Ervik Karina , Li Yi-ze , Ji Ru-Rong , Serhan Charles N. , Hansen Trond V.
Published: October 2024

The synthesis and biological evaluations of 17(R/S)-Me-RvD5n-3 DPA, an analog of the specialized pro-resolving mediator RvD5n-3 DPA, are presented.
Design of coiled-coil N-peptides against HIV-1 based on a CADD strategy
Authors: Huang Yan , Luo Hui , Jin Yihui , Ma Yuheng , Zhao Yan , Gao Xin , Zhao Yuting , Qi Xiao , Liang Guodong , Ga Lu , Li Gang , Yang Jie
Published: October 2024

We established a SWISS-MODEL and HDOCK-aided development strategy to design artificial N-peptides against HIV-1. The most active compound, IZNP02QE, exhibited greater nanomolar-level inhibitory activity than the positive control.
Polymer chemistry informed neural networks (PCINNs) for data-driven modelling of polymerization processes
Authors: Ballard Nicholas , Larrañaga Jon , Farajzadehahary Kiarash , Asua José M.
Published: October 2024

A method for training neural networks to predict the outcome of polymerization processes is described that incorporates fundamental chemical knowledge. This permits generation of data-driven predictive models with limited datasets.
Advances in nanoengineering of cathodes for next-generation solid oxide fuel cells
Authors: Sun Chunwen
Published: October 2024

The progress of nanoengineering of electrodes fabricated by various methods for SOFCs operating at low and intermediate temperatures is reviewed. Future research directions on nanoengineering of cathodes for next-generation SOFCs are also provided.
The “chemical tug-of-war” in carborane clusters: distinct tuning on different sides of the cluster
Authors: Buzsáki Dániel , Gál Dalma , Szathmári Balázs , Holczbauer Tamás , Udvardy Antal , Szilágyiné Júlia Kertész , Kargin Denis , Bruhn Clemens , Pietschnig Rudolf , Kelemen Zsolt
Published: October 2024

The elongation of C–B and B–B bonds is ruled by the same effects as the well-investigated C–C bond in case of carborane clusters; however, stretching of these bonds generally requires more energy.
MnOx embedded in 3D foam-like polymer composite for high-performance flexible supercapacitors
Authors: Shen Xiaojuan , Sun Shouyan , Liu Pengwei , Wei ManLin
Published: October 2024

Flexible 3D foam-like composites of MnOx embedded in a PEUS matrix were developed using a facile, simple and low-cost method.
Metal–ligand cooperation and synergistic palladium catalysis for the dual ligand system [2,2′-bipyridin]-6(1H)–one/PCy3: milder conditions for the undirected C–H arylation of arenes
Authors: Pinilla Cintya , García-Zarza Mario , Albéniz Ana C.
Published: October 2024

The mixture of Pd(OAc)2 and two ligands segregate into distinct active species working synergistically for the C–H arylation of simple arenes.
Dual light-responsive shape transformations of a nanocomposite hydrogel sheet enabled by in situ etching shaped plasmonic nanoparticles
Authors: Guo Hongyu , Ding Qiao , Yang Yang , Du Chenguang , Nie Zhihong
Published: October 2024

A thermo-sensitive hydrogel sheet loaded with silver nanoprism (in blue) and nanodisc (in red) in different areas deforms to distinct shapes under the irradiation of a laser with different wavelengths. The nanoparticles’ location is readily varied.
Low-cost silicon cutting waste reused as a high-power-density silicon-based anode
Authors: Huang Lanxiang , Wang Jialin , Hu Yu , Chen Chang , Cao Liujun , Jiang Qiang
Published: October 2024

Low-cost silicon cutting waste was reused as a silicon-based anode by combining it with different mass ratios of graphite. Si20G80 exhibited excellent fast charge–discharge performance and cycling stability.
Delocalization error poisons the density-functional many-body expansion
Authors: Broderick Dustin R. , Herbert John M.
Published: October 2024

Self-interaction error leads to runaway error accumulation when density functional theory is used in conjunction with the many-body expansion.
Unified enantiospecific synthesis of drimane meroterpenoids enabled by enzyme catalysis and transition metal catalysis
Authors: You Yipeng , Zhang Xue-Jie , Xiao Wen , Kunthic Thittaya , Xiang Zheng , Xu Chen
Published: October 2024

A unified synthetic strategy for drimane meroterpenoids was developed by combining heterologous biosynthesis, enzymatic oxidation, and transition metal catalysis. Six drimane meroterpenoids were synthesized in a concise and enantiospecific manner.
Direct measurement of PFAS levels in surface water using an engineered biosensor
Authors: Mann Madison , Kartseva Victoria , Stanley Chelli , Blumenthal Maggie , Silliboy Richard , Berger Bryan
Published: October 2024

We use a protein-based biosensor to detect perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in surface water samples, with comparable results to LC-MS/MS.
Effects of chemical pretreatment on the enzymatic hydrolysis of post-consumer waste viscose
Authors: Bågenholm-Ruuth Edvin , Bagherigelvardi Mahla , Gustafsson Caroline , Sanchis-Sebastiá Miguel , Wallberg Ola
Published: October 2024

Viscose turns recalcitrant towards hydrolysis after use. Chemical pretreatment does not increase hydrolysis yield, as opposed to other biomass feedstocks.
Review of electro-spun carbon nanofiber electrode materials for electrochemical capacitors
Authors: Peng Yutian , Zhang Xingyu , Sun Ruiling , Zhang Xunlong , Ge Can , Liu Yuqing
Published: October 2024

Schematic illustration demonstrating various approaches to enhance the electrochemical performance of carbon nanofiber electrode materials.
Computational prediction of solvation structures in calcium battery electrolytes
Authors: Jeong Heonjae , Wang Haimeng , Cheng Lei
Published: October 2024

This study demonstrates comprehensive approaches for predicting solvation structures in Ca-ion battery electrolytes by integrating ab initio calculations and machine learning force fields.
Intrafibrillar calcium carbonate mineralization of electrospinning polyvinyl alcohol/collagen films with improved mechanical and bioactive properties
Authors: Liu Yin , Gao Xin , Li Yuqi , Gao Anqi , Zheng Zhuozhi , Wei Jingjiang , Yang Hongye , Ping Hang , Xie Hao , Wang Hao , Wang Weimin , Fu Zhengyi
Published: October 2024

The mineralized PVA/Col–CaCO3 film play an essential role in guided bone-regeneration (GBR) techniques, which exhibited good mechanical and bioactive properties.
Influence of shape on crystal structure and optical properties of heterocyclic conjugated molecules
Authors: Guzmán Elisa , Yan Yu , Müller Peter , Amengual Justin , Nieh Mu-Ping , Thomas Samuel W.
Published: October 2024

Multi-ring, thiophene based heterocycles participate in discrete non-covalent interactions that dictate crystal packing of conjugated molecules, which also form a variety of polymorphs with different optical properties.
Tuning the performance of PSCs using rare-earth elements
Authors: Sajid Sajid , Alzahmi Salem , Tabet Nouar , Al-Haik Mohammad Y. , Abdel-Hafiez Mahmoud , Haik Yousef , Obaidat Ihab M.
Published: October 2024

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are emerging and promising alternatives to the market-leading solar cells due to their high performance, low fabrication cost, and versatile material modification.
Unmanned aerial vehicle image stitching based on multi‐region segmentation
Authors: Pan Weidong , Li Anhu , Liu Xingsheng , Deng Zhaojun
Published: October 2024

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) image stitching is a key technology for aerial remote sensing applications. Most existing image stitching methods based on optimal seamline searching algorithms can eliminate defects such as ghosting and distortion in stitched images, which unfortunately suffer from the problem that the seamline may cross those regions with significant geometric misalignment between different images. Therefore, a novel image stitching method based on multi‐region image segmentation is proposed. The algorithm starts by performing a multi‐scale morphological reconstruction in the overlapping regions between UAV images to obtain superpixel images with precise contours. Then, the fast density peaks clustering based on K‐nearest neighbours is applied to automatically determine the clustering centres and the number of clusters. By constructing a cost function, an energy map is generated in the overlapping regions between UAV images. Finally, the optimal seamline can be determined with a graph‐cut method. Compared to several popular image stitching algorithms in real experiments, the proposed method can essentially prevent the seamline from crossing significant ground objects to ensure the integrity of structural objects while achieving satisfactory accuracy and efficiency during the UAV image stitching process.
Bistatic multi‐polarimetric synthetic aperture radar coherence investigation using spatially variant incoherence trimming
Authors: Hagelberg Alexander , Andre Daniel , Finnis Mark
Published: October 2024

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Coherent Change Detection allows for the detection of very small scene changes. This is particularly useful for Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance as small changes such as vehicle tracks can be identified. Rapidly collecting repeat pass SAR imagery is important in these applications. For space‐borne platforms, such repeat passes may however have significant differences, or baselines. Coherent Change Detection products are reliant on high coherence for good interpretability. This work investigates the sources and levels of incoherence associated with bistatic SAR imagery for a variety of baselines using simulations and measured laboratory data for two ground types. Additionally, spatially variant incoherence trimming is implemented. The paper shows the importance of angle‐dependant backscatter on the coherence of sub‐resolution cell scatterers.
Confusion of extragalactic sources in the far-infrared: A baseline assessment of the performance of PRIMAger in intensity and polarization
Authors: Béthermin Matthieu , Bolatto Alberto D. , Boulanger François , Bradford Charles M. , Burgarella Denis , Ciesla Laure , Donnellan James , Hensley Brandon S. , Glenn Jason , Lagache Guilaine , Lopez-Rodriguez Enrique , Oliver Seb , Pope Alexandra , Sauvage Marc
Published: October 2024

Aims. Because of their limited angular resolution, far-infrared telescopes are usually affected by the confusion phenomenon. Since several galaxies can be located in the same instrumental beam, only the brightest objects emerge from the fluctuations caused by fainter sources. The PRobe far-Infrared Mission for Astrophysics imager (PRIMAger) will observe the mid- and far-infrared (25–235 μm) sky both in intensity and polarization. We aim to provide predictions of the confusion level and its consequences for future surveys.

Methods. We produced simulated PRIMAger maps affected only by the confusion noise using the simulated infrared extragalactic sky (SIDES) semi-empirical simulation. We then estimated the confusion limit in these maps and extracted the sources using a basic blind extractor. By comparing the input galaxy catalog and the extracted source catalog, we derived various performance metrics as completeness, purity, and the accuracy of various measurements (e.g., the flux density in intensity and polarization or the polarization angle).

Results. In intensity maps, we predict that the confusion limit increases rapidly with increasing wavelength (from 21 μJy at 25 μm to 46 mJy at 235 μm). The confusion limit in polarization maps is more than two orders of magnitude lower (from 0.03 mJy at 96 μm to 0.25 mJy at 235 μm). Both in intensity and polarization maps, the measured (polarized) flux density is dominated by the brightest galaxy in the beam, but other objects also contribute in intensity maps at longer wavelengths (∼30% at 235 μm). We also show that galaxy clustering has a mild impact on confusion in intensity maps (up to 25%), while it is negligible in polarization maps. In intensity maps, a basic blind extraction will be sufficient to detect galaxies at the knee of the luminosity function up to z ∼ 3 and 1011 M⊙ main-sequence galaxies up to z ∼ 5. In polarization for the most conservative sensitivity forecast (payload requirements), ∼200 galaxies can be detected up to z = 1.5 in two 1500 h surveys covering 1 deg2 and 10 deg2. For a conservative sensitivity estimate, we expect ∼8000 detections up to z = 2.5, opening a totally new window on the high-z dust polarization. Finally, we show that intensity surveys at short wavelengths and polarization surveys at long wavelengths tend to reach confusion at similar depth. There is thus a strong synergy between them.
Quantitative spectroscopy of multiple OB stars
Authors: Aschenbrenner P. , Przybilla N.
Published: October 2024

Context. The majority of massive stars are located in binary or multiple star systems. Compared to single stars, these objects pose additional challenges to quantitative analyses based on model atmospheres. In particular, little information is currently available on the chemical composition of such systems.

Aims. The members of the quadruple star system HD 37061, which excites the H II region Messier 43 in Orion, are fully characterised. Accurate and precise abundances for all elements with lines traceable in the optical spectrum are derived for the first time.

Methods. A hybrid non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (non-LTE) approach, using line-blanketed hydrostatic model atmospheres computed with the ATLAS12 code in combination with non-LTE line-formation calculations with DETAIL and SURFACE, was employed. A high-resolution composite spectrum was analysed for the atmospheric parameters and elemental abundances of the individual stars. Fundamental stellar parameters were derived based on stellar evolution tracks, and the interstellar reddening was characterised.

Results. We determined the fundamental parameters and chemical abundances for three stars in the HD 37061 system. The fourth and faintest star in the system shows no distinct spectral features, as a result of its fast rotation. However, this star has noticeable effects on the continuum. The derived element abundances and determined ages of the individual stars are consistent with each other, and the abundances coincide with the cosmic abundance standard. We find an excellent agreement between our spectroscopic distance and the Gaia Data Release 3 parallax distance.
Passive radiative cooling materials integrated in renewable energy technologies for enhanced performance
Authors: Jaramillo-Fernandez Juliana , Silva-Oelker Gerardo , Astrain David
Published: October 2024

Radiative cooling involves decreasing the temperature of a body by emitting infrared radiation. When the heat loss from the emitting surface exceeds the heat gain. e.g. from the sun or the atmosphere, a passive net cooling effect occurs without the need for electricity or other power sources. Integrating radiative cooling materials with other renewable energy technologies such as photovoltaics and thermoelectric generators represents a promising frontier in sustainable energy systems. In this study, we explore the strategic utilization of the net cooling effect resulting from radiative cooling materials to enhance the efficiency of photovoltaic panels and thermoelectric generators, as both are susceptible to performance degradation with temperature. Our investigation focuses on the integration of these materials with photovoltaic cells and thermoelectric generators, addressing critical challenges including thermal management, efficiency optimization, and operational stability.
Performance of fast and ultrafast T2-weighted MRI sequences for common cerebral lesions in children
Authors: Gräfe Daniel , Anders Rebecca , Frahm Jens , Voit Dirk , Simion Stefan-Horia , Merkenschlager Andreas , Hirsch Franz Wolfgang
Published: October 2024

The use of fast and ultrafast T2-weighted sequences allows for low-motion-artifact imaging of the cerebrospinal fluid spaces and can thus avoid sedation in young children for cranial MRI (cMRI). It is still unclear to what extent these sequences can also depict other common cerebral findings in children. The aim of the study was to compare the potential delineation of common intracranial findings in pediatric cMRI with two fast and one ultrafast T2-weighted sequences.

Children who had undergone a single-shot spin-echo and gradient echo sequence, as well as an ultrafast volume coverage (VC) sequence, in addition to a standard T2-weighted fast spin-echo (FSE) sequence as reference were retrospectively included. Visualization of findings was assessed using a Likert scale from 0 to 3. Differences between groups of findings were quantified using a Kruskal-Wallis test.

284 findings in 126 patients (median age: 10.6 years, interquartile range: 5.1 to 15.0 years) were analyzed. Overall, in fast T2-weighted sequences, the percentage of visible (score 2 or 3) findings was between 60% and 100%. There was little difference between the two fast sequences and the ultrafast VC.

Ultrafast VC as compared to conventional fast sequences allows for almost the same discrimination of common neuropediatric pathologies but at seven times the speed. Although not an equivalent substitute for T2 FSE in parenchymal findings, it can contribute to triage at little expense and thus reduce the burden on both patients and staff.
Influence of Mitochondrial NAD(P) +  Transhydrogenase
(NNT) on Hypothalamic Inflammation and Metabolic Dysfunction Induced by a
High-Fat Diet in Mice
Authors: Santos Giovanna Leite , Dias Costa Ericka Francislaine , Dalla Costa Ana Paula , Zanesco Ariane Maria , Simoes Marcela Reymond , Rogério Fábio , Demolin Daniele Masselli Rodrigues , Navarro Claudia Daniele Carvalho , Velloso Lício Augusto , Francisco Annelise , Castilho Roger Frigério
Published: October 2024

The mitochondrial protein NAD(P)+ transhydrogenase (NNT) has been
implicated in the metabolic derangements observed in obesity. Mice with the
C57BL/6J genetic background bear a spontaneous mutation in the Nnt gene
and are known to exhibit increased susceptibility to diet-induced metabolic
disorders. Most of the studies on NNT in the context of diet-induced obesity
have compared C57BL/6J mice with other mouse strains, where differences in
genetic background can serve as confounding factors. Moreover, these studies
have predominantly employed a high-fat diet (HFD) consisting of approximately
60% of calories from fat, which may not accurately mimic real-world fat-rich
diets. In this study, we sought to examine the role of NNT in diet-induced
hypothalamic inflammation and metabolic syndrome by using a congenic mice model
lacking NNT, along with a HFD providing approximately 45% of calories from fat.
Our findings indicate that mice lacking NNT were more protected from HFD-induced
weight gain but presented a worse performance on glucose tolerance test, albeit
not in insulin tolerance test. Interestingly, the brown adipose tissue of
HFD-fed Nnt
+/+ mice presented a greater mass and a higher
whole-tissue ex-vivo oxygen consumption rate. Also, HFD increased the expression
of the inflammatory markers Il1β, Tlr4 and Iba1 in the
hypothalamus of Nnt
–/– mice. In conclusion, our study
highlights the importance of NNT in the context of diet-induced obesity and
metabolic syndrome, indicating its contribution to mitigate hypothalamic
inflammation and suggesting its role in the brown adipose tissue increased
mass.
Short-Acting Oral Nifedipine versus Intravenous Labetalol for the Control of Severe Hypertension in the Postpartum Period: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Booker Whitney A. , Bejerano Shai , Frappaolo Anna , Miller Eliza C. , Bello Natalie A.
Published: October 2024

Objective This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of oral short-acting (SA) nifedipine with intravenous (IV) labetalol for the treatment of postpartum (PP) severe hypertension.

Study Design We conducted a retrospective cohort study of women who delivered at a tertiary care facility between January and December 2018, had not previously received antihypertensive medication, and required treatment for PP severe hypertension defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 160 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥110 mm Hg. Exposure groups were defined by the receipt of either oral SA nifedipine or IV labetalol. The primary outcome was time (minutes) to BP control (SBP < 160 mm Hg and DBP <110 mm Hg). Secondary outcomes included number of doses required to achieve BP control, crossover to the alternative medication, and recurrence of severe range BP after the achievement of BP control. t-Tests and Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney tests were used to analyze continuous variables and chi-square tests or Fisher's exact tests were used to analyze categorical variables. Multivariable linear regression models were conducted for the primary outcome, controlling for potential confounders in a sequential fashion across three models. A Kaplan–Meier plot was also created.

Results Of the 99 women included, 74 received oral SA nifedipine and 25 received IV labetalol. There was no significant difference in minutes to initial BP control between groups (30.5 minutes [interquartile range, IQR: 20.0–45.0] vs. 25.0 minutes [IQR: 14.0–50.0]; p = 0.82) or in the rate of recurrent severe BP. However, patients who received nifedipine required fewer doses to achieve control (p < 0.01) and did not require crossover (0 vs. 12%, p = 0.01).

Conclusion Both oral SA nifedipine and IV labetalol are effective options for treating PP severe hypertension. An initial choice of nifedipine was associated with a lower requirement for subsequent doses of medication and no need for crossover to an alternative antihypertensive medication.

Key Points
Errors in the field reconstruction using CR-39 proton radiographs with high fluence variation
Authors: Foo B. C. , Buschmann B. I. , Cufari M. , Dannhoff S. G. , DeVault A. , Evans T. E. , Johnson T. M. , Kunimune J. H. , Lawrence Y. , Pearcy J. A. , Reichelt B. L. , Russell L. , Vanderloo N. , Vargas J. , Wink C. W. , Johnson M. Gatu , Séguin F. H. , Petrasso R. D. , Frenje J. A.
Published: October 2024

CR-39 proton radiography is an experimental charged-particle backlighter platform fielded and used at OMEGA and the NIF to image electric and magnetic fields in a subject plasma. Processing a piece of CR-39 involves etching it in hot NaOH, and the etch time can greatly impact the background-to-signal ratio (BSR) in low-fluence (≲4 × 104 cm−2) regions and detection efficiency in high-fluence regions (≳7 × 105 cm−2). For CR-39 data with high fluence variation, these effects mean that any single etch time will result in ≳15% error in the measured signal in either the high- or low-fluence regions. This study aims to quantify the impact of the etch time on the BSR and efficiency losses and how these affect the field reconstruction. Experiments at the MIT Linear Electrostatic Ion Accelerator provided empirical values of the BSR and efficiency losses as a function of the fluence and etch time for fluences ranging from 3 × 103 to 7 × 105 cm−2. Synthetic radiographs were generated with known fields and modulated based on empirical values of BSR and efficiency losses. The fields were reconstructed using a Monge–Ampère code with the modulated radiographs as input. The results indicate that combining short and long etches allows for more accurate analysis of radiographs with high fluence variation, with the mean squared error of the reconstructed fields decreasing by factors of 1.2–7 compared to the reconstructions using only one etch time.
Liquid nitrogen temperature to 700 K Bi3+ thermoluminescence: Toward wide-temperature-range light dosimeters for versatile anti-counterfeiting, information storage, and x-ray imaging
Authors: Lyu Tianshuai , Dorenbos Pieter
Published: October 2024

Discovering light dosimeters that can function effectively from liquid nitrogen temperature to 700 K presents significant challenges. Such dosimeters facilitate a range of cutting-edge applications, including anti-counterfeiting measures at low temperature for cryo-preservation. To facilitate such discovery, stacked vacuum referred binding energy diagrams for the LiYGeO4 cluster of crystals have been first constructed. They offer a robust method for controlling both electron and hole trapping depth in the LiYGeO4 cluster of crystals. Wide temperature shifting of Bi2+ and Eu2+ thermoluminescence (TL) glow bands emerges from 200 to 500 K for LiYxLu1-xGeO4:0.01Bi3+ and LiYxLu1-xGeO4:0.01Bi3+, 0.001Eu3+, by changing x, facilitating conduction band tailoring. Wide temperature shifting of Bi4+ TL glow bands emerges from 300 to 700 K for LiYGezSi1-zO4:0.01Bi3+, by tuning z, facilitating valence band tailoring. TL glow band peaks near 135, 185, 232, and 311 K emerge in LiyNa1-yYGeO4: 0.001Bi3+. Particularly, the discovered Bi3+ or/and lanthanide modified LiYGeO4 cluster of crystals exhibit superior charge carrier storage capacity and minimal TL fading properties. For instance, the ratio of TL intensity of the optimized LiYGe0.75Si0.25O4:0.001Bi3+ to that of industrial BaFBr(I):Eu2+ is as high as ∼4. Interestingly, imaging of intense optically driven Bi3+ ultraviolet-A (UVA) luminescence has been validated in 254 nm energized LiY0.25Lu0.75GeO4:0.01Bi3+ with a 100 lux white LED illumination. Together with ZnS:Mn2+, LiTaO3:Bi3+, Sm3+, and Cs2ZrCl6:Sb3+ perovskites, the realization of wide range liquid nitrogen temperature to 700 K Bi3+ thermoluminescence in Bi3+ or/and lanthanide modified LiYGeO4 cluster of crystals with superior charge carrier storage capacity offers promising use for versatile anti-counterfeiting, information storage, and delayed x-ray imaging purposes.
Modeling the effects of crystallite alignment on birefringent light scattering in transparent polycrystalline aluminum oxide
Authors: Zhou Wenbo , Shachar Meir H. , Garay Javier E.
Published: October 2024

Transparent alumina ceramics are known for high toughness and the ability to withstand high temperatures, making them ideal materials for use in extreme environments and high-power optical devices. However, polycrystalline alumina, which has a hexagonal crystal structure, is difficult to make highly transparent due to birefringent scattering loss. Research has shown that birefringent scattering can be reduced by having finer grains and/or aligned grains. Here, we present an analytical birefringence scattering model that can model realistic microstructures, by including chord length distributions and grain orientations, and predict the birefringence scattering loss quantitatively. Our modeled results match well with existing experimental data for transparent fine grained and aligned alumina. This model is derived from first-principles and is applicable to other transparent ceramics.
Superconducting (Ba,K)Fe2As2 epitaxial films on single and bicrystal SrTiO3 substrates
Authors: Qin Dongyi , Guo Zimeng , Tarantini Chiara , Hata Satoshi , Naito Michio , Yamamoto Akiyasu
Published: October 2024

The realization of single crystal and bicrystal films of superconducting materials is of great interest because they allow the investigation of the intragrain performance as well as the understanding of potential limitations in the grain boundary transparency. For many years, the realization of a high-quality (Ba,K)Fe2As2 film has been challenging. Here, the realization of (Ba,K)Fe2As2 epitaxial thin films on single crystal SrTiO3(001) and [001]-tilt-type SrTiO3 bicrystal substrates with high superconducting properties is demonstrated. The epitaxial growth of (Ba,K)Fe2As2 was enabled by implementing an undoped BaFe2As2 buffer layer between the SrTiO3 substrate and (Ba,K)Fe2As2 film. The film exhibits a high Tc of 38.0 K and an extremely high Jc of 14.3 MA/cm2 at 4.2 K. Artificial grain boundaries of (Ba,K)Fe2As2 were also successfully achieved on bicrystals with misorientation angles up to 36.8° by the same preparation methods. The artificial grain boundaries exhibited an identical Tc of 38.0 K and an excellent transfer of the grain orientation from the bicrystal substrates with high crystallinity comparable to that of the high-quality Ba(Fe,Co)2As2 films. This enables the investigation of the intrinsic (Ba,K)Fe2As2 grain boundary nature, which will clarify its potential for superconducting applications, like Josephson junctions, wires, and magnets.
Nonlinear power-law creep of cell cortex: A minimal model
Authors: Li Shao-Heng , Xu Guang-Kui
Published: October 2024

Experiments have revealed that biological cells exhibit a universal power-law rheology, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we present a minimal model to explain the power-law creep of cell cortex, which is abstracted as chains of crosslinkers with random binding energies. Using this model, we show that when both the load and chain length are small, the logarithm of both the strain and time scales with the fraction of unbound crosslinkers, leading to power-law creep with a constant exponent, as observed in many experiments. Increasing the load alters the latter relationship between time and unbinding fraction, and thus, increases the power-law exponent, explaining the stress-induced nonlinearity in some experiments. Increasing the chain length alters this relationship as well, and as a result, the exponent grows proportionally with the chain length, explaining the crosslinker-density-induced nonlinearity in other experiments. This work provides a mesoscopic explanation for the linear and nonlinear power-law creep of cell cortex and may serve as a basis for understanding the cytoskeletal mechanics.