bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Value-based healthcare measurement as a context for organizational learning
Authors: Nordin Patrik , Kork Anna-Aurora , Koskela Inka
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to shed light on the potential of organizational learning for developing effectiveness of care. Value-based healthcare measurement recognizes patient value as a driver for improving health outcomes at the societal and individual levels. By using the action learning method, this paper examines the phases of organizational learning in a private healthcare organization that has developed a novel Big Data screening tool for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2).

Design/methodology/approach

Relying on triple-loop learning as a conceptual framework and by applying the action learning method to case study design, this paper illustrates the phases of organizational learning and efforts to utilize value-based measurement in healthcare.

Findings

The case organization was able to identify patients at risk and to improve their care balance. Although the results for the measurement of patient outcomes led to questioning of previous care processes and practices in the organization, increasing value for all stakeholders by incorporating social needs to business opportunities remains under process.

Originality/value

With the focus on organizational learning and organizational value creation processes, this paper demonstrates incorporation of measuring patient outcomes in re-structuring care processes, enhancing organizational performance and improving effectiveness as well as quality of care.
Transformational leadership and autonomy support management behaviors
Authors: Gilbert Marie-Hélène , Dagenais-Desmarais Véronique , St-Hilaire France
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationships between transformational leadership (TL), autonomy support management behaviors and employees’ psychological health.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 512 Canadian workers assessed their immediate supervisor’s level of TL and autonomy support management behaviors. Participants also assessed their own psychological health through measures of psychological well-being and burnout at work.

Findings

Results from structural equation modeling indicate that TL is related to employee psychological well-being and burnout. This effect is fully mediated by more specific autonomy support and psychological control management behaviors. These results suggest that autonomy support and psychological control management behaviors may have a more proximal effect on employees’ psychological health than TL does. Also, managers’ leadership and behaviors appear to better predict employees’ psychological well-being at work than employee burnout.

Practical implications

Managers with a TL style employ more autonomy support and fewer psychological control behaviors, which makes employees happier and less burned out. Based on these results, leadership training programs would gain to focus on the development of more specific management behaviors among leaders, such as autonomy support, to enhance employees’ psychological health, especially their well-being.

Originality/value

This research expands understanding of the relationship between TL and the psychological health of employees by shedding light on the mediating role of autonomy support management behaviors in this relationship.
Enhancing the understanding of international new ventures: a service-oriented perspective
Authors: Laudien Sven M. , Daxböck Birgit
Published: March 2017

Purpose

This paper aims to challenge the up to now mainly product-centered view on international new ventures by analyzing the influence of service orientation on new venture internationalization behavior. It especially focuses on the utilization of specific market entry modes as a result of a growing service orientation.

Design/methodology/approach

Newness and complexity of the topic call for a qualitative-empirical research approach. Therefore, the paper is based on an in-depth multiple-case study of six international new ventures operating in fashion and lifestyle industry.

Findings

This paper shows that service-oriented international new ventures make use of different market entry modes at the same time. Service-related capabilities allow them to especially use cooperative market entry modes to fuel lacking market knowledge and thus to overcome resource constraints in value creation processes.

Originality/value

The paper contributes to a more holistic understanding of international new ventures, as it provides empirical evidence for the importance of service-related aspects in new venture internationalization. Furthermore, the paper extends international new venture research by not only considering an early international market entry but also other aspects of internationalization such as the type of offerings or the preferred market entry modes.
The role of titanium dioxide in the gut
Authors: Achtschin Cassiana Ganem , Sipahi Aytan Miranda
Published: March 2017

Purpose

Titanium is a naturally occurring mineral in the form of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and is one of the most widely used food additives. The purpose of this review article is to show the importance of the accumulation of this mineral in the gut and its relation with inflammatory processes.

Methodology

This is a literature review study from 2002 to 2016, focusing on studies with TiO2 and its relation with inflammatory bowel diseases.

Findings

Articles describe that TiO2 is resistant to gastrointestinal degradation, as it has high stability, and that its particles, ingested daily, may bind to biomolecules in the lumen or be absorbed by the intestinal mucosa, accumulating in the macrophages of lymphoid tissue in the gut, thus causing or aggravating the inflammatory response in the inflamed bowel.

Limitations/implications

There is a limited number of studies on the long-term impact of dietary microparticles in animal models, in healthy subjects and in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases.

Practical implications

It is necessary to regulate the amount of TiO2 used in industrialized products.

Social implications

The high consumption of processed foods, as opposed to a healthy diet based on the balanced consumption of nutrients, is relevant, as it may lead to or exacerbate intestinal inflammation.

Originality/value

This review indicates that titanium particles may mediate toxicological processes leading to an abnormal increase in intestinal permeability, which may be particularly aggravating in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases.
Variability on morphological and ecological seed traits of Limonium avei (De Not.) Brullo & Erben (Plumbaginaceae)
Authors: Santo Andrea , Mattana Efisio , Grillo Oscar , Sciandrello Saverio , Peccenini Simonetta , Bacchetta Gianluigi
Published: March 2017

Limonium avei is an annual species occurring in the salt‐marshes and in limited surfaces of rocky areas around the Mediterranean coasts. Seed lots from five populations of this species, along a latitudinal gradient, were analyzed using an image analysis system to detect differences in seed morphology among populations. Germination requirements at constant (5–25°C) and alternating temperatures (25/10°C), both in light and in darkness, were evaluated for all populations, as well as the effect of the calyx removal on final seed germination and its rate. Morpho‐colorimetric analysis clearly identified seeds from different populations, habitats and substrates without misattributions among them. The calyx slowed the germination process, influencing both final germination and rate with respect to naked seeds. Seeds from all populations germinated with significantly higher percentages in the light, with respect to those incubated in the darkness, and showed rapid germination (time in days to reach 50% of germination: 0.5 days) at the warmer tested temperature (25°C). High germination (>80%) was also detected for seeds of all the investigated populations, except for those from the Apulian region (South Italy, ca. 60%). Our results highlight that L. avei has a high variability in seed morphology, probably habitat induced, and a fast germination response for all populations. Rapid germination may be an adaptive strategy that allows L. avei seeds to take advantage of transient favorable conditions during the germination stage, to ensure seedling establishment under the unpredictable rainfall pattern in the Mediterranean climate.
Behavioural and neuropsychiatric disturbance in three clinical subtypes of frontotemporal dementia: A Clinical Research Center for Dementia of South Korea‐FTD Study
Authors: Park Moon Ho , Kim Eun‐Joo , Park Kyung Won , Kwon Jae Cheol , Ku Bon D. , Han Seol‐Heui , Kim SangYun , Yang Dong Won , Na Duk L. , Choi Seong Hye
Published: March 2017

Objectives

To characterise the behavioural and neuropsychiatric disturbances of patients with three clinical subtypes of frontotemporal dementia (FTD): behavioural variant FTD (bvFTD), semantic dementia (SD) and progressive non‐fluent aphasia (PNFA).

Methods

Consecutive series of 66 patients with bvFTD, 58 patients with SD and 21 patients with PNFA were compared using the Frontal Behavioural Inventory (FBI) and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI).

Results

Patients with bvFTD had more behavioural and neuropsychiatric disturbances than patients with PNFA based on the total scores of FBI and NPI. When comparing subtotal and item scores of FBI and NPI, there were some significant differences among three clinical subtypes of FTD.

Conclusion

There are some distinct patterns of behavioural and neuropsychiatric disturbance among three clinical subtypes of FTD.
Observation of an association between ground‐glass‐like globules in Papanicolaou smears and bacterial vaginosis
Authors: Martínez‐Girón R. , Martínez‐Torre C. , van Woerden H. C. , Zapico‐Ortíz N.
Published: March 2017

This study shows uncommon globules‐like structures in CV smears, assessing the association between these globules and BV, and other types of vaginitis (mainly candidiasis and trichomoniasis). A clear association, between the existence of globules and BV, was observed.
Habitat preferences of the grasshopperPsophus stridulus, a charismatic species of submontane pastures
Authors: Rada Stanislav , Spitzer Lukáš , Šipoš Jan , Kuras Tomáš
Published: March 2017

Semi‐natural habitats in Europe host a substantial proportion of biodiversity, but they experience biodiversity loss due to ongoing agricultural changes. We regard the Rattle grasshopper (Psophus stridulus) as a charismatic species of species‐rich submontane xerothermic grasslands. To enable conservation of the species and its habitat, we studied the habitat preferences of this formerly abundant grasshopper, now threatened and declining in many European countries.

In 2011, we applied capture‐mark‐recapture method to sample adults at four localities (Czech Republic), each divided into two subplots with different management and character of vegetation. In 2012, we carried out a more extensive study on habitat preferences, evaluating 179 grassland patches (24% of them occupied byP. stridulus). For each site, we recorded vegetation characteristics (sward height and density, cover of vegetation components, percentage of bare ground), slope, inclination and agricultural management. We used multistate models in MARK software to analyse survival and movement probabilities between different subplots. Data from the 2012 large‐scale study were analysed by fitting several regression models.

The results show that the species preferred south‐facing slopes with sparse, short vegetation and with patches of bare ground. Sward density was the most important predictor of species presence.

For species conservation, we recommend controlling succession on the localities by regular management (grazing or cautious mowing) to maintain optimal habitat with sparse sward. We promoteP. stridulusas a flagship and umbrella species of species‐rich submontane xerothermic pastures.
Clinical application of calculated split renal volume using computed tomography‐based renal volumetry after partial nephrectomy: Correlation with technetium‐99m dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scan data
Authors: Lee Chan Ho , Park Young Joo , Ku Ja Yoon , Ha Hong Koo
Published: March 2017

Objective

To evaluate the clinical application of computed tomography‐based measurement of renal cortical volume and split renal volume as a single tool to assess the anatomy and renal function in patients with renal tumors before and after partial nephrectomy, and to compare the findings with technetium‐99m dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scan.

Methods

The data of 51 patients with a unilateral renal tumor managed by partial nephrectomy were retrospectively analyzed. The renal cortical volume of tumor‐bearing and contralateral kidneys was measured using ImageJ software. Split estimated glomerular filtration rate and split renal volume calculated using this renal cortical volume were compared with the split renal function measured with technetium‐99m dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scan.

Results

A strong correlation between split renal function and split renal volume of the tumor‐bearing kidney was observed before and after surgery (r = 0.89, P < 0.001 and r = 0.94, P < 0.001). The preoperative and postoperative split estimated glomerular filtration rate of the operated kidney showed a moderate correlation with split renal function (r = 0.39, P = 0.004 and r = 0.49, P < 0.001). The correlation between reductions in split renal function and split renal volume of the operated kidney (r = 0.87, P < 0.001) was stronger than that between split renal function and percent reduction in split estimated glomerular filtration rate (r = 0.64, P < 0.001).

Conclusions

The split renal volume calculated using computed tomography‐based renal volumetry had a strong correlation with the split renal function measured using technetium‐99m dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scan. Computed tomography‐based split renal volume measurement before and after partial nephrectomy can be used as a single modality for anatomical and functional assessment of the tumor‐bearing kidney.
Tetrandrine, an agonist of aryl hydrocarbon receptor, reciprocally modulates the activities of STAT3 and STAT5 to suppress Th17 cell differentiation
Authors: Yuan Xusheng , Dou Yannong , Wu Xin , Wei Zhifeng , Dai Yue
Published: March 2017

Tetrandrine, a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid constituent of the root of Stephania tetrandra S. Moore, was previously shown to suppress the differentiation of T helper 17 (Th17) cells and consequently ameliorate the collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA) in mice by activating the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), but its underlying mechanism is incompletely understood. Here, we investigated how tetrandrine suppressed Th17 cell differentiation through the AhR pathway. The naïve CD4+ T cells were stimulated with anti‐CD3/CD28 for 72 hrs in the presence or absence of tetrandrine under the Th17‐polarizing condition. Tetrandrine inhibited the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription‐3 (STAT3) and boosted the phosphorylation of STAT5, while it did not alter the expression levels of phospho‐Janus kinase‐1 (p‐JAK1), p‐JAK2, p‐JAK3, and suppressor of cytokine signalling‐3 (SOCS3). The tetrandrine‐mediated inhibition of the Th17 cell differentiation could be diminished by the activator of STAT3 and the inhibitor of STAT5. Meanwhile, the effect of tetrandrine on the either STAT3 or STAT5 phosphorylation was almost completely reversed by the AhR antagonist CH223191 and the AhR knockdown. In CIA mice, tetrandrine decreased p‐STAT3 levels and increased p‐STAT5 levels, which could also be reversed by the AhR antagonist resveratrol administration. Furthermore, tetrandrine promoted the AhR binding to the STAT5, but not to the STAT3. The tetrandrine‐induced inhibition of the STAT3 phosphorylation was diminished by the inhibitor of STAT5. Taken together, tetrandrine suppressed Th17 cell differentiation by reciprocally modulating the activities of STAT3 and STAT5 in an AhR‐dependent manner.
Lagrangian embeddings of cubic fourfolds containing a plane
Authors: Ouchi Genki
Published: March 2017

We prove that a very general smooth cubic fourfold containing a plane can be embedded into an irreducible holomorphic symplectic eightfold as a Lagrangian submanifold. We construct the desired irreducible holomorphic symplectic eightfold as a moduli space of Bridgeland stable objects in the derived category of the twisted K3 surface corresponding to the cubic fourfold containing a plane.
New Zealand temblor points to threat of compound quakes
Authors: Mason Betsy
Published: March 2017

Fault-jumping behavior in magnitude-7.8, 2016 earthquake shows that chances of Big Ones elsewhere may be higher.
Diversity, Distribution, and Evolution of Tomato Viruses in China Uncovered by Small RNA Sequencing
Authors: Xu Chenxi , Sun Xuepeng , Taylor Angela , Jiao Chen , Xu Yimin , Cai Xiaofeng , Wang Xiaoli , Ge Chenhui , Pan Guanghui , Wang Quanxi , Fei Zhangjun , Wang Quanhua
Published: March 2017

Tomato is a major vegetable crop that has tremendous popularity. However, viral disease is still a major factor limiting tomato production. Here, we report the tomato virome identified through sequencing small RNAs of 170 field-grown samples collected in China. A total of 22 viruses were identified, including both well-documented and newly detected viruses. The tomato viral community is dominated by a few species, and they exhibit polymorphisms and recombination in the genomes with cold spots and hot spots. Most samples were coinfected by multiple viruses, and the majority of identified viruses are positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses. Evolutionary analysis of one of the most dominant tomato viruses,
Tomato yellow leaf curl virus
(TYLCV), predicts its origin and the time back to its most recent common ancestor. The broadly sampled data have enabled us to identify several unreported viruses in tomato, including a completely new virus, which has a genome of ∼13.4 kb and groups with aphid-transmitted viruses in the genus
Cytorhabdovirus
. Although both DNA and RNA viruses can trigger the biogenesis of virus-derived small interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs), we show that features such as length distribution, paired distance, and base selection bias of vsiRNA sequences reflect different plant Dicer-like proteins and Argonautes involved in vsiRNA biogenesis. Collectively, this study offers insights into host-virus interaction in tomato and provides valuable information to facilitate the management of viral diseases.

IMPORTANCE
Tomato is an important source of micronutrients in the human diet and is extensively consumed around the world. Virus is among the major constraints on tomato production. Categorizing virus species that are capable of infecting tomato and understanding their diversity and evolution are challenging due to difficulties in detecting such fast-evolving biological entities. Here, we report the landscape of the tomato virome in China, the leading country in tomato production. We identified dozens of viruses present in tomato, including both well-documented and completely new viruses. Some newly emerged viruses in tomato were found to spread fast, and therefore, prompt attention is needed to control them. Moreover, we show that the virus genomes exhibit considerable degree of polymorphisms and recombination, and the virus-derived small interfering RNA (vsiRNA) sequences indicate distinct vsiRNA biogenesis mechanisms for different viruses. The Chinese tomato virome that we developed provides valuable information to facilitate the management of tomato viral diseases.
Comprehensive Transcriptome Analyses Reveal that Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid Triggers Genome-Wide Changes in Alternative Splicing, Inducible
trans
-Acting Activity of Phased Secondary Small Interfering RNAs, and Immune Responses
Authors: Zheng Yi , Wang Ying , Ding Biao , Fei Zhangjun
Published: March 2017

Many pathogens express noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) during infection processes. In the most extreme case, pathogenic ncRNAs alone (such as viroids) can infect eukaryotic organisms, leading to diseases. While a few pathogenic ncRNAs have been implicated in regulating gene expression, the functions of most pathogenic ncRNAs in host-pathogen interactions remain unclear. Here, we employ potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) infecting tomato as a system to dissect host interactions with pathogenic ncRNAs, using comprehensive transcriptome analyses. We uncover various new activities in regulating gene expression during PSTVd infection, such as genome-wide alteration in alternative splicing of host protein-coding genes, enhanced guided-cleavage activities of a host microRNA, and induction of the
trans
-acting function of phased secondary small interfering RNAs. Furthermore, we reveal that PSTVd infection massively activates genes involved in plant immune responses, mainly those in the calcium-dependent protein kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades, as well as prominent genes involved in hypersensitive responses, cell wall fortification, and hormone signaling. Intriguingly, our data support a notion that plant immune systems can respond to pathogenic ncRNAs, which has broad implications for providing new opportunities for understanding the complexity of immune systems in differentiating “self” and “nonself,” as well as lay the foundation for resolving the long-standing question regarding the pathogenesis mechanisms of viroids and perhaps other infectious RNAs.

IMPORTANCE
Numerous pathogens, including viruses, express pathogenic noncoding transcripts during infection. In the most extreme case, pathogenic noncoding RNAs alone (i.e., viroids) can cause disease in plants. While some work has demonstrated that pathogenic noncoding RNAs interact with host factors for function, the biological significance of pathogenic noncoding RNAs in host-pathogen interactions remains largely unclear. Here, we apply comprehensive genome-wide analyses of plant-viroid interactions and discover several novel molecular activities underlying nuclear-replicating viroid infection processes in plants, including effects on the expression and function of host noncoding transcripts, as well as the alternative splicing of host protein-coding genes. Importantly, we show that plant immunity is activated upon infection of a nuclear-replicating viroid, which is a new concept that helps to understand viroid-based pathogenesis. Our finding has broad implications for understanding the complexity of host immune systems and the diverse functions of noncoding RNAs.
Understanding the Relationship between Human Behavior and Susceptibility to Cyber Attacks
Authors: Ovelgönne Michael , Dumitraş Tudor , Prakash B. Aditya , Subrahmanian V. S. , Wang Benjamin
Published: March 2017

Despite growing speculation about the role of human behavior in cyber-security of machines, concrete data-driven analysis and evidence have been lacking. Using Symantec’s WINE platform, we conduct a detailed study of 1.6 million machines over an 8-month period in order to learn the relationship between user behavior and cyber attacks against their personal computers. We classify users into 4 categories (gamers, professionals, software developers, and others, plus a fifth category comprising everyone) and identify a total of 7 features that act as proxies for human behavior. For each of the 35 possible combinations (5 categories times 7 features), we studied the relationship between each of these seven features and one dependent variable, namely the number of attempted malware attacks detected by Symantec on the machine. Our results show that there is a strong relationship between several features and the number of attempted malware attacks. Had these hosts not been protected by Symantec’s anti-virus product or a similar product, they would likely have been infected. Surprisingly, our results show that software developers are more at risk of engaging in risky cyber-behavior than other categories.
Hoplite
Authors: Kapre Nachiket , Gray Jan
Published: March 2017

We can design an FPGA-optimized lightweight network-on-chip (NoC) router for flit-oriented packet-switched communication that is an order of magnitude smaller (in terms of LUTs and FFs) than state-of-the-art FPGA overlay routers available today. We present Hoplite, an efficient, lightweight, and fast FPGA overlay NoC that is designed to be small and compact by (1) using deflection routing instead of buffered switching to eliminate expensive FIFO buffers and (2) using a torus topology to reduce the cost of switch crossbar. Buffering and crossbar implementation complexities have traditionally limited speeds and imposed heavy resource costs in conventional FPGA overlay NoCs. We take care to exploit the fracturable lookup tables (LUT) organization of the FPGA to further improve the resource efficiency of mapping the expensive crossbar multiplexers. Hoplite can outperform classic, bidirectional, buffered mesh networks for single-flit-oriented FPGA applications by as much as 1.5 × (best achievable throughputs for a 10 × 10 system) or 2.5 × (allocating same amount of FPGA resources to both NoCs) for uniform random traffic. When compared to buffered mesh switches, FPGA-based deflection routers are ≈ 3.5 × smaller (HLS-generated switch) and 2.5 × faster (clock period) for 32b payloads. In a separate experiment, we hand-crafted an RTL version of our switch with location constraints that requires only 60 LUTs and 100 FFs per router and runs at 2.9ns. We conduct additional layout experiments on modern Xilinx and Altera FPGAs and demonstrate wide-channel chip-spanning layouts that run in excess of 300MHz while consuming 10--15% of overall chip resources. We also demonstrate a clustered RISC-V multiprocessor organization that uses Hoplite to help deliver the high processing throughputs of the FPGA architecture to user applications.
Report from the 1st International Workshop on Collaborative Modelling in MDE (COMMitMDE 2016)
Authors: Gérard Sébastien , Kolovos Dimitrios S. , Malavolta Ivano , Muccini Henry
Published: March 2017

COMMitMDE was the 1st international workshop on Collaborative Modelling in MDE, held on the 4th of October 2016 as a satellite event of the 19th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MoDELS 2016), St. Malo, France. The goal of the workshop was to bring together researchers and practitioners in order to investigate (i) the potential impact of collaborative software engineering methods and principles into Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) practices and (ii) how MDE methods and techniques can support collaborative software engineering activities.

The 1st COMMitMDE workshop provided a forum to discuss the state of research and practice on collaborative MDE, to create new synergies between tool vendors, researchers, and practitioners, to inform the community about the new means for collaborative MDE, and to reect on the needs and research gaps in the collaborative MDE area.
Algorithm 973
Authors: Deckers Karl , Mougaida Ahlem , Belhadjsalah Hédi
Published: March 2017

We present a numerical procedure to approximate integrals of the form ∫

b

a

f
(
x
)
dx
, where
f
is a function with singularities close to, but outside the interval [
a
,
b
], with − ∞ ⩽
a
<
b
⩽ +∞. The algorithm is based on rational interpolatory Fejér quadrature rules, together with a sequence of real and/or complex conjugate poles that are given in advance. Since for
n
fixed in advance, the accuracy of the computed nodes and weights in the
n
-point rational quadrature formula strongly depends on the given sequence of poles, we propose a small number of iterations over the number of points in the rational quadrature rule, limited by the value
n
(instead of fixing the number of points in advance) in order to obtain the best approximation among the first
n
.

The proposed algorithm is implemented as a M
atlab
program.
Algorithm 974
Authors: Novoselsky Alexander , Kagan Eugene
Published: March 2017

The article presents a library of MATLAB functions that implement the widely used algorithms of outlier detection. The library includes the outlier tests for univariate and multivariate data sets with an approximately normal distribution. The software library is accompanied by a brief review of the methods for detecting and treating outliers.
Online networks, social media, and communication design
Authors: Amant Kirk St.
Published: March 2017

In less than a decade, social media have transformed almost every aspect of our lives. Now, most of us check our Facebook accounts more frequently than we check our watches, and it is not uncommon for one's Twitter following to encompass dozens --- if not hundreds --- of individual. The broad reach and the interactive nature of such media allow us to exchange ideas across vast distances and engage in conversations with broad audiences in the blink of an eye. As such, social media have become a central component of the communication practices of almost every kind of organization. But as with any technology, there are considerations one should keep in mind.
Yik Yak and the knowledge community
Authors: West Sara
Published: March 2017

Yik Yak is an anonymous, location-based social networking application that is extremely popular on college campuses across the United States. Because it is known mainly for the controversies it breeds, both scholars and professionals have largely overlooked Yik Yak's complexities and have instead focused on its more negative traits. This article discusses Yik Yak as a site for critical research, especially in the field of technical and professional communication. Yik Yak fuses physical and virtual space, places an emphasis on interactivity, and subverts traditional user hierarchies. By examining these characteristics and the posts that users generate, this article explores how Yik Yak serves as an impetus for the formation of knowledge communities---communities in which individuals work together to create and maintain collective knowledge. This article also advocates further critical study of Yik Yak communities and posits Yik Yak communication patterns have important implications for communication designers.
Saving the sea, socially
Authors: Hopton Sarah-Beth , Parry R. Mitchell
Published: March 2017

This article explores the relationship between gesture and content on the social media platform Facebook. Analyzing the results of a digital content analysis of more than 1,600 posts from the Roatan Marine Park's Facebook page, this study reports the significant correlations found between various types of content, media, and engagement gestures. Findings suggest there is a relationship between content and gesture on Facebook, but what triggers stakeholders to "like" and "comment" on content is different from what triggers them to share content. The study concludes with six applications of these findings relevant to practitioners working with nonprofit organizations on Facebook.
RegentK Improves the Gait Mechanics of Patients with Acute Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture Immediately after Application: Clinical Trial
Authors: Ofner Michael , Strutzenberger Gerda , Alexander Nathalie , Kastner Andreas , Schwameder Hermann
Published: March 2017

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the immediate response to RegentK (Regeneration-Therapy by Khalifa) of patients with an acute rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), regarding the gait mechanics and functional tests, in comparison to norm data. Patients and Methods: 9 male patients with an acute unilateral ACL rupture underwent an orthopedic exam and gait analysis immediately before and after the 1-h RegentK treatment; the results were compared to norm data of 10 healthy participants matched with the RegentK group for age and body mass index. An infrared camera system collected kinematic gait data on the injured limb; the gait kinetics were recorded with 2 force plates. Results: Immediately after the treatment, significant improvements with regard to limping, the quadriceps knee force, and the passive knee range of motion (ROM) occurred. The gait characteristics showed a significantly increased gait velocity (+0.17 m/s), step frequency (+8 steps/min), and injured-limb step length (+5 cm). The faster gait velocity involved increased sagittal ankle and hip ROM, increased maximal vertical ground reaction forces, internal ankle plantar flexion and hip flexion moments. Conclusions: RegentK seems to immediately affect functional parameters such as passive knee joint motion and quadriceps strength and seems to enable patients to walk more dynamically, generally expressed through an increased walking speed.
Intravenous Iron Replacement Improves Quality of Life in Hypoferritinemic Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients with and without Anemia
Authors: Eliadou Elena , Kini Gregory , Huang Judy , Champion Amy , Inns Stephen James
Published: March 2017

Background: No study has compared changes in quality of life (QoL) following iron therapy between anemic and non-anemic, hypoferritinemic patients. This study compares the impact of parenteral iron replacement on QoL in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients with anemia, or in those with hypoferritinemia alone. Methods: Consecutive IBD patients diagnosed with anemia or hypoferritinemia were enrolled. IBD questionnaire (IBDQ) and 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF36) at diagnosis and 6 weeks post treatment were measured. Results: Ten patients with anemia and 13 with hypoferritinemia were treated with intravenous iron polymaltose. Across all patients, there was a significant improvement in median SF36 mental component score by 8.5 (p = 0.004) and median IBDQ by 12 (p = 0.02). There was a trend towards improved median SF36 physical component score by 3.2 (p = 0.6). These changes were not significantly different when comparing anemic with hypoferritinemic patients. In IBDQ, there was a trend toward greater improvement in hypoferritinemic vs. anemic patients (20 vs. 1.5, p = 0.31). Conclusions: This is the first study to show that improvements in QoL in hypoferritinemic patients are similar to those with anemia. Based on these results, patients with IBD should be offered the option of iron therapy when they are found to be hypoferritinemic, even in the absence of anemia.
ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ МЕТОДУ СТЕНТУВАННЯ КОРОНАРНИХ АРТЕРІЙ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Terenda N. O.
Published: March 2017

Мета – аналіз запровадження методу стентування коронарних артерій (СКА) в лікуванні пацієнтів на ішемічну хворобу серця в Україні та її областях.Матеріали і методи. Матеріалом дослідження слугували дані ДЗ «Центр медичної статистики МОЗ України» про кількість оперативних втручань на серці та проведених операцій СКА в Україні. У роботі використано метод системного аналізу та статистичний метод дослідження.Результати. Отримані дані свідчать про істотне зростання як рівня оперативних втручань з приводу СКА за період 2013–2015 рр. на 28,1%, так і його частки серед усіх операцій на серці. Найвищий рівень оперативних втручань з приводу СКА у 2015 р. спостерігався у м. Києві, Черкаській, Закарпатській та Рівненській областях. Найнижчий – у Житомирській, Чернівецькій та Запорізькій областях. Найбільше зростання післяопераційної летальності в 2015 р. порівняно із 2013–2014 рр. спостерігалося в Одеській, Кіровоградській та Полтавській областях. Деяке зменшення післяопераційної летальності відмічалося у Київській, Волинській, Львівській областях.Висновки. За період 2013–2015 рр. в Україні відбулося активне впровадження інтервенційного методу лікування пацієнтів з інфарктом міокарда та нестабільною стенокардією.
УКРАЇНСЬКА ЛЮДНІСТЬ ВИМИРАЄ
Authors: Holyachenko A. O. , Smirnova V. L. , Levchenko O. M.
Published: March 2017

Мета: дослідити тенденції смертності населення України за 25 років незалежності та здійснити прогноз на майбутнє.Матеріали і методи. У якості матеріалу виступають офіційні статистичні джерела, які піддані статистичній обробці.Результати. Дослідження показують трагічну долю української людності, яка протягом 25 років вимирає і продовжує вимирати. З одного боку, здобута незалежність, з другого вона оплачується такою ціною.Висновки. Показано, що за останні п’ять років людність України зменшилась на 1,2%. Цей процес триває, і важко передбачити його зупинення.
ДІАГНОСТИЧ НИЙ АЛГОРИТМ ТА ОБ’ЄМ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ХВОРИХ З ПІДОЗРОЮ НА ЛЕГЕНЕВИЙ ТУБЕРКУЛЬОЗ ТА РАК ЛЕГЕНЬ
Authors: Koshak Y. F.
Published: March 2017

Мета: встановити фактори, які сприяють розвитку пухлини у хворих, що перенесли туберкульоз легень, та удосконалити діагностичний алгоритм більш раннього виявлення раку в осіб, що знаходяться на обліку в протитуберкульозних диспансерах.Матеріали і методи. Представлено сучасні методи діагностики легеневого туберкульозу та раку легень, хірургічні методи верифікації легеневого туберкульозу та раку легень.Результати. Розроблено та впроваджено в практику охорони здоров’я для ранньої діагностики раку легень «Спосіб ранньої діагностики поєднаних форм легеневого туберкульозу та раку» (патент № UA 85416 від 25.11.2013 р.). Удосконалено анкету для скринінгу та оригінальний метод математичного диференціально-діагностичного алгоритму у хворих на різних етапах амбулаторно-поліклінічної та стаціонарної допомоги.Висновки. Для діагностики раку легень у доклінічній фазі на сучасному етапі велике значення має спіральна комп’ютерна томограма з контрастуванням та відеоторакоскопія з біопсією утвору і підозрілими на метастазування лімфатичними вузлами.
ДО ПИТАННЯ ПРО ПІДГОТОВКУ СПЕЦІАЛІСТІВ З ГРОМАДСЬКОГО ЗДОРОВ’Я
Authors: Slabkiy G. O. , Shafranskiy V. V. , Dudnyk S. V.
Published: March 2017

Мета: вивчити підходи до підготовки спеціалістів з громадського здоров’я в інших країнах, рекомендації Європейського Центру з профілактики та контролю захворювань; запропонувати систему підготовки спеціалістів із громадського здоров’я для України.Матеріали та методи. Матеріалами дослідження слугували дані щодо підготовки спеціалістів з громадського здоров’я у Росії, Казахстані, Узбекистані, рекомендації Європейського Центру з профілактики та контролю захворювань. Використано наступні методи: структурно-логічного аналізу, контент-аналізу, описового моделювання. Методичною базою дослідження став системний підхід.Результати та висновки. У ході дослідження проведено аналіз систем підготовки спеціалістів із громадського здоров’я у Росії, Казахстані, Узбекистані, вивчено рекомендації Європейського Центру з профілактики та контролю захворювань, що дозволило рекомендувати для використання та запровадження в Україні дані щодо підготовки фахівців за спеціальністю «Громадське здоров'я».
РОЛЬ МЕДИЧНОГО ПРАВА, ЯК НАВЧАЛЬНОЇ ДИСЦИПЛІНИ, НА ФАКУЛЬТЕТІ ПІСЛЯДИПЛОМНОЇ ОСВІТИ ЛЬВІВСЬКОГО НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО МЕДИЧНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ ІМЕНІ ДАНИЛА ГАЛИЦЬКОГО
Authors: Sichkoriz O. Y.
Published: March 2017

Мета – висвітлення ролі вивчення медичними працівниками навчальної дисципліни «Медичне право України», з’ясування значення правового компоненту в медичній освіті на післядипломному рівні (на прикладі ФПДО ЛНМУ імені Данила Галицького).Матеріали і методи. Для оцінки вивчення права в медицині застосовано соціальне опитування (анкетування слухачів і моніторинг їхніх знань).Результати. Для сприяння покращанню якості медичної допомоги та підвищення правової обізнаності медичних працівників запропоновано, поряд із виключно медичними дисциплінами, навчальний курс «Медичне право» на факультеті післядипломної освіти Львівського національного медичного університету імені Данила Галицького.Висновки. Впровадження інноваційної дисципліни дозволить опанувати основи медичного права, підвищить рівень правової обізнаності медичних працівників, налаштує медиків на гармонійні відносини між лікарем і пацієнтом та усуне ризики збільшення частки медичних справ у національній судовій практиці.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ВЗАЄМОЗВ’ЯЗКУ МІЖ РІВНЕМ САМООЦІНКИ ТА ТИПОМ СТАВЛЕННЯ ДО ХВОРОБИ У ХВОРИХ, ЯКІ ПЕРЕБУВАЮТЬ НА ХРОНІЧНОМУ ГЕМОДІАЛІЗІ
Authors: Kryvoruchko T. I. , Susla O. B.
Published: March 2017

У статті розглянуто питання про характер змін самооцінки у хворих із термінальною нирковою недостатністю. Показано взаємозв’язок між рівнем самооцінки та типом ставлення до хвороби у хворих, які перебувають на хронічному гемодіалізі.
СИНДРОМ ЕМОЦІЙНОГО ВИГОРАННЯ - ОДИН ІЗ ПСИХОЛОГІЧНИХ ЧИННИКІВ НЕГАТИВНОГО ВПЛИВУ НА ЗДОРОВ’Я МЕДИЧНОЇ СЕСТРИ
Authors: Litvinyuk V. V. , Lototska O. V.
Published: March 2017

У статті  розглянуто наявність різних симптомів синдрому емоційного вигорання у медичних сестер різних клінічних закладів м. Вінниці, як одного із чинників негативного впливу на здоров’я та запропоновано заходи по його профілактиці.
ІННОВАЦІЙНІ МЕТОДИ В ПІСЛЯДИПЛОМНІЙ ПІДГОТОВЦІ МЕДСЕСТРИ
Authors: Romanishena – Lanovska L. K. , Lytvynova O. N. , Yastremska S. O.
Published: March 2017

У статті висвітлено питання запровадження інноваційних методів у післядипломну підготовку медичних сестер на прикладі асоціації відділення підвищення кваліфікації молодших медичних сестер Дубенського медичного коледжу з Рівненською обласною асоціацією сестер медичних.
НELICOBACTER РYLORI–АСОЦІЙОВАНІ ЗАХВОРЮВАННЯ У СУЧАСНОМУ СТУДЕНТСЬКОМУ СЕРЕДОВИЩІ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Radetska L. , Pavlowa K. , Kushnir B. Yu.
Published: March 2017

Обстежено 182 студенти криворізьких вузів із метою виявлення у них захворювань органів шлунково-кишкового тракту та поширеності гелікобактерного інфікування. Констатовано високу частоту патології органів шлунково-кишкового тракту, гелікобактерного інфікування, а також наявність модифікуючих факторів ульцерогенезу (куріння, недотримання режиму дня та режиму харчування, спадковість, стреси). Рекомендовано при наявності диспептичного синдрому та неспецифічних факторів ульцерогенезу в студентів проводити детальне обстеження з діагностикою Helicobacter pylori.
НАЙБІЛЬШ ПОШИРЕНІ ТОКСИЧНІ СИНДРОМИ, ЩО ВИНИКАЮТЬ ПРИ ОТРУЄННІ ДИКОРОСЛИМИ ОТРУЙНИМИ ТА УМОВНО ЇСТІВНИМИ ГРИБАМИ
Authors: Lokay B. A. , Tsyhankova S. V.
Published: March 2017

У статті розглянуто питання епідеміології, клініки та основних принципів лікування гострих отруєнь дикорослими грибами. Наведено дані щодо захворюваності гострими отруєннями дикорослими грибами серед пацієнтів, які перебували на лікуванні у відділенні інтенсивної терапії Комунальної установи «Міська клінічна лікарня екстреної та швидкої медичної допомоги м. Запоріжжя».
ОЦІНКА ЯКОСТІ НАДАННЯ МЕДИЧНИХ ПОСЛУГ СЕРЕДНІМ МЕДИЧНИМ ПЕРСОНАЛОМ В УМОВАХ ПРИВАТНОГО МЕДИЧНОГО ЦЕНТРУ
Authors: Derlyuk M. D. , Reha N. I.
Published: March 2017

У статті проведено аналіз літератури з даної проблеми та класифіковано показники якості роботи середнього медичного персоналу. Проведено аналіз якості роботи медичних сестер приватного медичного офтальмологічного центру ТОВ «Центр хірургії ока професора Загурського» за 2015 р. та запропоновано шляхи вдосконалення та оптимізації роботи медичного персоналу для досягнення кращих результатів лікування та задоволеності пацієнтів.
РОЛЬ МЕДИЧНОЇ СЕСТРИ У ПОДОЛАННІ ВІДЧУТТЯ САМОТНОСТІ В ПАЦІЄНТІВ ХОСПІСУ
Authors: Tomchuk T. V. , Bob A. O.
Published: March 2017

Відчуття самотності у пацієнтів хоспісу спостерігається у 96 % хворих. Медична сестра, співпрацюючи із лікарями у хоспісах, допомагає пацієнтам долати складні наслідки самотності, шляхом надання консультацій, інформацій та підтримки.Медсестра повинна вміти розпізнати і  вчасно звернути увагу на виражену самотність пацієнта. Кваліфікаційний, ефективний медсестринський  догляд  допомагає їм подолати відчуття самотності.
ОЦІНКА ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНОГО СТАНУ ОРГАНІЗМУ СТУДЕНТІВ–МЕДИКІВ КОНОТОПСЬКОГО МЕДИЧНОГО УЧИЛИЩА ЗІ СКОЛІОЗОМ I–II СТУПЕНІВ ПІД ЧАС ЗАНЯТЬ ЛІКУВАННЯ ФІЗИЧНОЮ КУЛЬТУРОЮ ТА ПРОВЕДЕННЯ МАСАЖУ
Authors: Tymoshenko N. V.
Published: March 2017

У статті проаналізовано літературні джерела з питань етіології, патогенезу та методів лікування сколіозу I–II ступенів. Досліджено ефективність застосування нових методик лікувальної фізкультури функціонального відновлення хребта та масажу, їх вплив на рівень фізичної працездатності й показники фізичного стану при сколіозі I–II ступенів у студентів Конотопського медичного училища.
Professor Dr. Ernst Gotthelf Marcus
Authors: Sawaya Paulo
Published: March 2017

Este artigo não contém resumo.
Modulation of Context-Dependent Spatiotemporal Patterns within Packets of Spiking Activity
Authors: Itoh Miho , Leleu Timothée
Published: March 2017

Recent experiments have shown that stereotypical spatiotemporal patterns occur during brief packets of spiking activity in the cortex, and it has been suggested that top-down inputs can modulate these patterns according to the context. We propose a simple model that may explain important features of these experimental observations and is analytically tractable. The key mechanism underlying this model is that context-dependent top-down inputs can modulate the effective connection strengths between neurons because of short-term synaptic depression. As a result, the degree of synchrony and, in turn, the spatiotemporal patterns of spiking activity that occur during packets are modulated by the top-down inputs. This is shown using an analytical framework, based on avalanche dynamics, that allows calculating the probability that a given neuron spikes during a packet and numerical simulations. Finally, we show that the spatiotemporal patterns that replay previously experienced sequential stimuli and their binding with their corresponding context can be learned because of spike-timing-dependent plasticity.
Multiassociative Memory: Recurrent Synapses Increase Storage Capacity
Authors: Gauy Marcelo Matheus , Meier Florian , Steger Angelika
Published: March 2017

The connection density of nearby neurons in the cortex has been observed to be around 0.1, whereas the longer-range connections are present with much sparser density (Kalisman, Silberberg, & Markram, 2005 ). We propose a memory association model that qualitatively explains these empirical observations. The model we consider is a multiassociative, sparse, Willshaw-like model consisting of binary threshold neurons and binary synapses. It uses recurrent synapses for iterative retrieval of stored memories. We quantify the usefulness of recurrent synapses by simulating the model for small network sizes and by doing a precise mathematical analysis for large network sizes. Given the network parameters, we can determine the precise values of recurrent and afferent synapse densities that optimize the storage capacity of the network. If the network size is like that of a cortical column, then the predicted optimal recurrent density lies in a range that is compatible with biological measurements. Furthermore, we show that our model is able to surpass the standard Willshaw model in the multiassociative case if the information capacity is normalized per strong synapse or per bits required to store the model, as considered in Knoblauch, Palm, and Sommer ( 2010 ).
Notoaturine water mites from New Zealand (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Notoaturinae) with the description of five new species
Authors: SMIT HARRY
Published: March 2017

The following new notoaturine species from New Zealand are described in this paper: Paratryssaturus stewartensis n. sp., Planaturus pileatus n. sp., P. serratus n. sp., Taintaturus indentatus n. sp. and T. longipileatus n. sp. Paratryssaturus morimotoi (Imamura, 1979) is synonymized with P. minutus. A key is given for the genus Taintaturus Cook. Numerous new records are given, including the first for Stewart Island.