bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using community influencer groups to address COVID-19 misinformation and vaccine hesitancy in Uganda: a protocol for a prospective quasi-experimental study
Authors: Ssanyu Jacquellyn Nambi , Kiguba Ronald , Olum Ronald , Kiguli Juliet , Kitutu Freddy Eric
Published: August 2022

Introduction

Coronovirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) misinformation has been reported globally and locally. This has the potential to influence public risk perception and reduce the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine. This study aims to determine the prevalence of COVID-19 misinformation and vaccine hesitancy in Buikwe district. The study will also pilot a social mobilisation intervention using community influencers and determine its effect on COVID-19 misinformation and vaccine hesitancy.

Methods and analysis

The study will be conducted using a quasi-experimental study design, in which two villages will be assigned to the intervention arm and two villages assigned controls. A mixed-methods technique employing both quantitative and qualitative methods will be employed. Data will be collected from healthy men and women aged 18 years and older who reside in the selected villages. The study will be implemented in three phases. First, a baseline study of 12 in-depth interviews with key informants and 6 focus group discussions and a household survey among 632 participants will be done. Second, an intervention employing dialogue-based social mobilisation approach using 10-man community groups per village will be developed and implemented. These will be trained and facilitated to educate and sensitise their communities about COVID-19. Third, an end-line household survey done after 6-months of intervention implementation in the four villages to assess the effect of the intervention on COVID-19 misinformation and vaccine hesitancy. Post-intervention qualitative evaluation will be done after the endline quantitative assessment. Preliminary analysis of the endline quantitative analysis will inform any revisions of the discussion guides. Qualitative data collected will be analysed using thematic content analysis while quantitative data will be analysed using χ2 tests or logistic regression, by intention-to-treat analysis.

Ethics and dissemination

The study was reviewed for ethics and approved by the Makerere University School of Health Sciences Research Ethics Committee, reference number MakSHSREC-2020-45 and the Uganda National Council of Science and Technology, reference number HS1140ES. Study finding shall be presented to the district and national COVID-19 task force and at scientific gatherings and published in a peer-reviewed journal.

Trial registration number

PACTR202102846261362.
Prevalence and characteristics of thoracic ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament in 3299 Black patients: a cross-sectional study of a prospectively registered database
Authors: Yoshihara Hiroyuki , Horowitz Evan , Nadarajah Vidushan
Published: August 2022

Objectives

To the best of our knowledge, the prevalence of thoracic ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (T-OPLL) in the Black population has never been studied and is still unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and characteristics of T-OPLL in the Black patients.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional study. All patients who underwent chest CT for the trauma screening and whose race was classified as ‘Black’ on the questionnaire were recruited in the study from March 2019 to March 2020. Demographic data, including age, sex, body mass index (BMI) and presence of diabetes mellitus (DM), were recorded. T-OPLL was defined as ectopic OPLL of more than 2 mm thickness in the axial plane image of the CT scan. The prevalence and characteristics of T-OPLL, and the association of T-OPLL with BMI and DM were evaluated.

Results

A total of 3299 Black patients (1507 women and 1792 men) were included for the analysis. The prevalence of T-OPLL was 1.5% (50 patients), with 2.4% for females and 0.8% for males. The highest prevalence was observed in patients at the age of 70 years (3.8%). Thickness of T-OPLL was between 2 and 3 mm in 46% (23/50) of the patients, and the largest thickness was 6.1 mm. T-OPLL was significantly associated with female sex and the presence of DM.

Conclusions

The prevalence of T-OPLL was 1.5% in the 3299 Black patients who underwent chest CT for the trauma screening, with 2.4% for females and 0.8% for males.
General practitioner visits after SARS-CoV-2 omicron compared with the delta variant in children in Norway: a prospective nationwide registry study
Authors: Arntzen Sigurd Storehaug , Gjefsen Hege Marie , Telle Kjetil Elias , Magnusson Karin , Størdal Ketil , Håberg Siri Eldevik , Kinge Jonas Minet
Published: August 2022

Background

SARS-CoV-2 infection in children is followed by an immediate increase in primary care utilisation. The difference in utilisation following infection with the delta and omicron virus variants is unknown.

Objectives

To study whether general practitioner (GP) contacts were different in children infected with the omicron versus delta variant for up to 4 weeks after the week testing positive.

Setting

Primary care.

Participants

All residents in Norway aged 0–10. After excluding 47 683 children with a positive test where the virus variant was not identified as delta or omicron and 474 children who were vaccinated, the primary study population consisted of 613 448 children.

Main outcome measures

GP visits.

Methods

We estimated the difference in the weekly share visiting the GP after being infected with the delta or omicron variant to those in the study population who were either not tested or who tested negative using an event study design, controlling for calendar week of consultation, municipality fixed effects and sociodemographic factors in multivariate logistic regressions.

Results

Compared with preinfection, increased GP utilisation was found for children 1 and 2 weeks after testing positive for the omicron variant, with an OR of 6.7 (SE: 0.69) in the first week and 5.5 (0.72) in the second week. This increase was more pronounced for children with the delta variant, with an OR of 8.2 (0.52) in the first week and 7.1 (0.93) in the second week. After 2 weeks, the GP utilisation returned to preinfection levels.

Conclusion

The omicron variant appears to have resulted in less primary healthcare interactions per infected child compared with the delta variant.
Head and neck cancer fungating wounds: a novel odour transferrer
Authors: Ota Hisayuki , Ueki Yushi , Yamazaki Keisuke , Shodo Ryusuke , Takahashi Takeshi , Yokoyama Yusuke , Horii Arata
Published: August 2022

Objective

The management for malodour of malignant fungating wounds (MFWs) in head and neck cancer (HNC) is unestablished. We evaluated the effects of a novel odour transferrer on malodour generated by MFWs in patients with HNC.

Methods

A spray-type odour transferrer approved by the Japanese government for safe use in humans produces a good scent by binding to bad odour. The odour of MFWs in 13 patients with HNC was scored by 37 medical staff and the patients’ families using an odour scale ranging from 0 to 4 before and 1 week after application of the odour transferrer.

Results

The odour score marked by all investigators (n=37), nurses (n=21) and doctors (n=11) decreased significantly (p<0.01). The odour score decreased by more than 2 points for 73% of all investigators after odour transferrer application.

Conclusion

This novel odour transferrer functions as an effective deodorant for MFWs in patients with HNC. It can be used by non-medical staff and may benefit patients with bad odours arising from MFWs as well as their families and medical staff.
Cloeon tzeltalsp. nov. (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae), a Miocene mayfly from Mexican amber
Authors: Varela-Hernández Fernando , Riquelme Francisco , Montiel-Chávez Josefina
Published: August 2022

A new fossil species of mayfly of the genus Cloeon Leach, 1815 (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) is described. The type material comprises female imagines from 24 amber inclusions, from Miocene strata of Chiapas in southern Mexico. The fossil species, Cloeon tzeltal sp. nov., closely resembles those in the genus Cloeon by the following diagnostic characters: absence of hind wings; two major crossveins between R1 and R2 not in line with the crossveins below them; single marginal intercalaries; and basal crossveins between veins R and Rs situated more basally than the following vein. The new species can be distinguished from extant species of Cloeon by the absence of colored costal and subcostal fields in the forewings and the absence of transversal veins in vitta broadly bordered with white. Extant species of the genus Cloeon in America have an exclusive distribution in the northern part of the continent; with the exception of one introduced taxon, no valid species have been recorded in the tropics. As such, the fossil record of Cloeon in the southernmost part of North America suggests a broader geographic distribution of this genus in the geological past, including the southernmost part of North America.
Spatial distributions of cesium and strontium in tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze] leaves evaluated by micro-PIXE analysis
Authors: Terakawa A. , Momokita K. , Hattori Y. , Sato M. , Ishii K. , Koka M. , Yamada N. , Yamagata R. , Ishii Y. , Suzui N. , Satoh T. , Kawachi N.
Published: August 2022

We evaluated the spatial distributions of cesium and strontium in tea leaves using micro particle-induced X-ray emission (micro-PIXE) analysis to explore the characteristics of the concentrations and translocations of these elements in tea leaves, and the similarities and differences between cesium and potassium and between strontium and calcium. We examined samples of tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze] leaves that took up cesium and strontium via foliar absorption. We confirmed that calcium and strontium accumulated in many narrow areas of the leaves, while cesium and potassium were distributed throughout the leaf samples. Almost all of the strontium and calcium accumulated in the same narrow locations in the leaf samples 30 days after foliar absorption.
Identifying High-impact Bug Reports with Imbalance Distribution by Instance Fuzzy Entropy
Authors: Li Hui , Qi Xuexin , Li Mengxuan , Qu Yang , Ge Xin
Published: August 2022

Bug tracking systems, such as Bugzilla, contain bug reports collected from sources such as development teams, testing teams and end users. Developers often depend on bug reports to fix identified bugs. Frequently used bug reports are the so-called severe bug reports. Although severe bug reports can be manually detected within bug reports in bug tracking systems, they impose heavy burdens on management of bug tracking systems. Consequently, an automated mechanism to examine the severity of bug reports is desirable to augment productivity. Unfortunately, identifying the severity of bug reports from thousands of bug reports in a bug tracking system is not an easy feat, because of the problem of low-quality and imbalance distributions that could affect the performance of automated mechanisms. In this paper, we propose an approach, namely FER, to counter low-quality and imbalanced distributions of bug reports relative to their severity. First, FER approach gets high-quality bug reports based on instance fuzzy entropy. Then, FER approach weakens the imbalancedness degree of class distribution according to the high-quality bug reports to train classifiers to recognize the severity of bug reports. Several experiments are conducted on bug reports from three open source projects (Eclipse, Mozilla, GNOME) and they reveal that our approach is robust against the low-quality and imbalance distributions of bug reports, while identifying the severity of bug reports.
Invariants of annular links, cobordisms and transverse links from combinatorial link Floer complex
Authors: Chakraborty Apratim
Published: August 2022

We define an annular concordance invariant and study its properties. When specialized to braids, this invariant gives bounds on band rank. We introduce a modified chain complex to reformulate the invariant. Then, by focusing on a special case, we give a refinement of the transverse invariant [Formula: see text]. We also study the relationship of this invariant with transverse and braid monodromy properties.
Black hole entropy and long strings
Authors: Verlinde Erik P. , Visser Manus R.
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we discuss whether black hole entropy counts short or long-range microstates in quantum gravity. In brick wall and induced gravity models, the entropy arises due to short distance correlations across the event horizon cut off at the Planck length. However, the energy of these short range degrees of freedom is too high compared to the black hole energy. We argue that the long string phenomenon, which naturally appears in matrix quantum mechanics, resolves this issue by lowering the excitation energy per degree of freedom. This mechanism also reduces the total number of microscopic degrees of freedom in a given volume, leading to a correct estimate of the Bekenstein–Hawking formula for black hole entropy.
Quadrupole and Octupole deformations with effective triaxiality in even–even nuclei
Authors: Nadirbekov M. S. , Bozarov O. A. , Kudiratov S. N. , Minkov N.
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we develop a nonadiabatic collective model for even–even nuclei with effective triaxial quadrupole and octupole deformations. The model describes three-dimensional quadrupole–octupole rotation coupled with axial quadrupole–octupole vibrations. The moment-of-inertia tensor depends on the angular part of the polar coordinates in the quadrupole–octupole space, the values of which are determined from the ground state of the nucleus. In this model framework, the collective states of the yrast-alternating-parity band in the lanthanides [Formula: see text]Sm, [Formula: see text]Gd, [Formula: see text]Dy and the actinides [Formula: see text]Th, [Formula: see text]U, [Formula: see text]Pu are studied.
XPoM-based 8-port photonic interconnection with low polarization sensitivity utilizing S–E–S hybridization
Authors: Kaur Harpreet , Kaler Rajinder Singh
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we propose a hybrid amplifier-based 8-port Cross-Polarization Modulation (XPoM) interconnection with low polarization sensitivity unlike conventional Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA)-based switching. The three-stage configuration utilizes Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) as an intermediate stage to reduce the effects of inherent polarization modulation creating large Transverse Electric – Transverse Magnetic (TE–TM) relative phase shifts. The appreciable error rate of [Formula: see text] and Extinction Ratio (ER) of 14.166 dB have been obtained with 100 GHz of port-spacing at different input powers. The low Polarization-Dependent Loss (PDL) of 1.0045 dB, small variations of azimuth and ellipticity with device angle in S–E–S configuration in contrast to that of SOA, adds to the superiority of the proposed model.
A NEW WEARABLE BRACE MONITORING MULTIPLE PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS BASED ON THE NB-IoT TECHNIQUE
Authors: XU ZIYUAN , WU WEN , CAI YANNA , LIU XIHUA , JIANG YU
Published: August 2022

Objective: This study is aimed to design wearable care equipment based on the narrow-band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) to assist in applying health-related big data and gain the optimum treatment time for patients with fractures. Methods: A wearable care equipment based on the NB-IoT technique (namely, a brace) was designed by combining sensors with embedded systems, man–machine interaction technique, and so on. Also, the exercise heart rate, the surface temperature of disease location, and the data on oxyhemoglobin saturation of patients were acquired using sensors. Next, these data were sent to an application (APP) on a cell phone after transmission to a single-chip machine for processing. Finally, the data on heart rate, body temperature, blood oxygen, and their variation curves were displayed on the APP. Results: The wearable care equipment could provide a normal average recovery curve for patients with fractures, which was instrumental for patients and doctors to fully grasp the rehabilitation condition. If the key indicators were abnormal and exceeded the threshold value, the wearable equipment generated an early warning signal to alert patients to seek medical attention in time. Conclusions: The test results indicated that the wearable care equipment based on the NB-IoT technique could realize the acquisition, storage, and analysis of the physiological parameters of patients. The wearable equipment had a series of characteristics, including low cost, low power dissipation, stable signal connection, and strong practicability, having a certain practical significance for the consistency of enhancing the health service and assisting the health-related big data development.
Two-direction two-scale similarity transformation of two-direction refinable function
Authors: Wang Gang
Published: August 2022

In this paper, a special group is used to introduce the two-direction two-scale similarity transform (TDTST) of the two-direction refinable function, and the existence of the solution of the two-direction refinable equation is discussed by the TDTST transform. The approximation order of the two-direction refinable function is discussed by the TDTST transform. Whether the TDTST transform can maintain the orthogonality of the two-direction refinable function is discussed, and it is pointed out that a special real orthogonal matrix can maintain the orthogonality. It is pointed out that the TDTST transform can maintain the symmetry of the two-direction refinable function. Finally, an example is given.
Studies on the Metrological Need and Capabilities of 3D Scanning Technologies
Authors: Javaid Mohd , Haleem Abid , Singh Ravi Pratap , Rab Shanay , Suman Rajiv , Kumar Rajiv
Published: August 2022

3D scanning technologies are deployed toward developing a digital 3D model for Additive Manufacturing (AM) applications. It collects data, turning it into a 3D model that uses designated 3D printing processes. Many scanners, ranging from low-cost alternatives to professional series that are far more accurate and reliable, are now available to assist in bringing designs to reality. 3D scanning solutions enable the appropriate measurement of 3D physical parts into the virtual world, allowing factory production teams and corporate offices to share critical design information. These techniques are utilized everywhere in the design process, including product design and development, reverse engineering, quality control and quality assurance. The manufacturing sector can decrease costs while accelerating time to market and resolving quality issues. This study investigates the metrological need as per the advancements of 3D scanners. The procedural steps of the 3D scanners, along with specific metrological components and soft tools for 3D scanning, are discussed briefly. Finally, various 3D scanning applications are identified and discussed in detail. Because of the overall relative advantages of these non-contact measurement techniques, 3D metrological tools are crucial for modern production. Almost every sector aims for smaller, more complex components, which are more vulnerable to contamination or injury from even the slightest touch with a probe. The market is driven by global Research and Development (R&D) investment to develop game-changing technologies and solutions. Precision inspection and quality control are significant market drivers for industry progress. Smart factories will have lifetime access to 3D metrological data, allowing them to enhance quality and gain a competitive advantage in the marketplace.
Inverse Hall–Petch effect in nanocrystalline ice predicted by machine-learned coarse-grained molecular simulations
Authors: Chen Guang , Tao Lei , Kröger Martin , Li Ying
Published: August 2022

We study the grain-size effect on mechanical behaviors of polycrystalline ice at nanoscale through large-scale molecular dynamics simulations, enabled by an accurate and efficient machine-learned coarse-grained water model [H. Chan, M. J. Cherukara, B. Narayanan, T. D. Loeffler, C. Benmore, S. K. Gray and S. K. Sankaranarayanan. Machine learning coarse grained models for water. Nature Communications 10(1), p. 379, 2019]. Polycrystalline ice systems with different grain sizes in the range of [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]nm are systematically investigated through uniaxial tensile tests. Simulation results reveal that Young’s modulus and yield strength increase as the grain size increases, leading to an inverse Hall–Petch effect in nanocrystalline ice. Such an observation is significantly different from the conventional Hall–Petch effect in polycrystalline ice observed by experiments at millimeter scale. The deformation behavior suggests that grain boundaries (GBs), rather than grain interiors, play the active role in accommodating external loading in nanocrystalline ice. Further void analysis of nanocrystalline ice during deformation reveals that nanocrack initiates and propagates along GBs and eventually leads to failure of systems with larger grain sizes ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]nm), yielding a sudden drop in the stress–strain curve. While for systems with smaller grain sizes ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]nm), only extensive plastic deformation is presented without significant void growth. Our simulation results demonstrate that the GB sliding is the governing mechanism for the inverse Hall–Petch effect observed in nanocrystalline ice.
Cross-institutional Leadership Collaboration: Toward the development of a peer-mentoring framework of practice in adult online education
Authors: Kang Haijun , Ohmes Rachel
Published: August 2022

Because of high economic volatility, ongoing competition intensification, and the recent COVID-19 global pandemic influence, more and more education institutions are looking for efficient ways to serve their adult learner population. This article introduces a peer-mentoring framework of practice to help education institutions develop healthy cross-institutional leadership collaborations. This framework builds on three pillars: Developing a shared vision, respecting diversity and differences, and streamlining communications. An adult distance education consortium located in the U.S. is discussed as an example to illustrate how this three-pillar peer-mentoring framework of practice can be used to help make cross-institutional leader collaboration a success.
Innovation and Practical Methods of Music Education Path in Colleges and Universities under the Popularization of the 5G Network
Authors: Sun Ying , Jin Honglian
Published: August 2022

In the era of the 4G network, the scale and pattern of online music education have been formed, and its necessity and educational achievements have emerged. The 5G network era is coming, and online music education is once again facing new challenges, and it is imperative to make necessary changes. This paper, by expounding on the changes brought about by the 5G network era, combined with the characteristics of online music education in colleges and universities, will summarize and analyze the current work status and problems faced. Improve the level of work and make online music education reach a new height.
NiO-Based Gas Sensors for Ethanol Detection: Recent Progress
Authors: Li Qingting , Zeng Wen , Li Yanqiong
Published: August 2022

In this review, we summarized the state-of-the-art progress on the ethanol performance of NiO by means of morphology, doping, loading noble metal particles, and forming heterojunctions. We first introduced the effect of modulating NiO morphology on ethanol performance that has been reported in recent years. The morphology with large specific surface area and high porosity was considered to be the one that can bring high gas response. Then, we discussed the enhanced effect of the doping of metal cations and noble metal particle loading on the ethanol-sensitive properties of NiO. Doping ions increased the ground-state resistance and increased the oxygen defect concentration of NiO. The effects of noble metal particles on the performance of NiO included chemical sensitization and electronic sensitization. Finally, the related contents of NiO forming complexes with metal oxides and bimetallic oxides were discussed. In this section, the specific improvement mechanism was discussed first, and then, the related work of researchers in recent years was summarized. At the same time, we presented a reasonable outlook for NiO-based ethanol sensors, imagining future directions.
Analysis of the Operation and Management of Higher Education by Using the Media Platform
Authors: Dong Lihui , Dong Wenxia , Chen Wangwei
Published: August 2022

Universities are considered the main place for university students to study and live and also shoulder the important task of training talents for the future of our country. As a manager of university education and the relevant supervisor of education and teaching, it must constantly seek more efficient teaching mode and use the new communication platform in order to solve the current problems in the management of higher education. Since the media platform plays an important role in the social and political and economic life, it affects the way of education and the way of thinking in universities. Self-media technology promotes the communication between teachers and students in the teaching process. Educators can carry out a variety of teaching through the media, which innovates the educational methods of the University. This fully reflects the advantages of we media teaching in the media era. As a new means of information dissemination, the self-media platform not only has the traditional media communication functions but also gradually affects the way of thinking and lifestyles of university students to promote their correct world outlook, outlook on life, and formation of values. In this paper, self-media platform is used for university education and operation management process to conduct a systematic analysis and research. The Delphi method is used to screen out five major dimensions of hardware platform, content construction, communication mode, the quality of teachers and students in universities, and the environment of media network dissemination and interpret the positive effects of self-media platform in improving university teaching and operation management efficiency. Based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, the importance distribution of the five dimensions is identified and an optimal path of university education operation and management is constructed to improve the overall efficiency of university education operation and management.
Application of BP Neural Network in Matching Algorithm of Network E-Commerce Platform
Authors: Zhang Jingcheng
Published: August 2022

In order to solve the matching algorithm problem of network e-commerce platform, a method of applying BP neural network in the network e-commerce platform matching algorithm is proposed. First of all, combined with the actual situation of the platform, select 9 factors that are most in line with the company’s actual business model to influence the selection for analysis; secondly, import 60 sets of data into MATLAB software, measure the input and output data uniformly, and divide the sample data matrix into training set and test. Finally, after multiple factor combinations and verifications, it is concluded that in the training model of the five main factors, the prediction results of the model are compared with the real values. The feasibility of establishing the selection model based on BP neural network is proved. Online e-commerce platforms can refer to this model to build a product selection model that meets the needs of the platform, helping enterprises to achieve more efficient product selection work. Since the parameter initialization of the neural network is random, although the output results are different after the program runs for many times, the R2 is still stable between 0.7 and 1.0, which proves that the predicted value made by the system is highly approximate to the real value and can achieve the predicted effect.
Advances in the Application of Liquid Chromatography in the Detection of Pollutants
Authors: Hu XinYu
Published: August 2022

Food is easy to be contaminated because of its complex composition. Therefore, in order to protect people from potential food contaminants, it is very necessary to test for various contaminants in food. Liquid chromatography is widely used in the field of food safety detection. In addition, with the development of liquid chromatography technology, more and more new instruments are combined with liquid chromatography. Compared with traditional liquid chromatography, combined liquid chromatography has great advantages in efficiency and operation. Therefore, it is rapidly promoted in the field of food safety testing. In this paper, the results of the determination of three kinds of food pollutants by different liquid chromatography methods are reviewed, and the indexes are compared and analyzed.
PSMB5 Alleviates Ulcerative Colitis by Inhibiting ROS-Dependent NLRP3 Inflammasome-Mediated Pyroptosis
Authors: Han Liang , Hao Yanping , Wu Xudong , Hu Duanmin
Published: August 2022

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease. Intestinal mucosal injury is a significant factor in UC. Pyroptosis is a kind of programmed cell death induced by inflammatory caspases. Proteasome 20S subunit beta 5 (PSMB5) promotes cell viability. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of PSMB5 on intestinal mucosal injury and to elucidate the underlying processes in dextran sulfate sodium- (DSS-) induced UC mice. Kunming (KM) mice received 3% DSS for 5 days to induce UC. We collected clinical symptoms, body weight, colon length, and histological changes. MDA (malondialdehyde) and SOD (superoxide dismutase) levels were determined using an ELISA assay. RT-PCR was used to assess the expression of IL-1β and IL-18. PSMB5 demonstrated a significant effect against UC by increasing body weight and colon length and decreasing DAI (disease activity index), colon macroscopic damage index (CMDI), histological injury scores, and reactive oxygen species (ROS), MDA, and SOD levels, thereby alleviating histopathological changes and inhibiting oxidative stress. HIEC-6 cells were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) condition with or without PSMB5, along with caspase-1 inhibitor (Z-VAD-FMK), NLRP3 inhibitor (MCC950), and ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC). The viability of the cells, the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and intracellular ROS generation were determined using assay kits. Western blot analysis was used to determine the levels of NLRP3, ASC, cleaved caspase-1 (p20), pro-IL-1β, IL-1β, pro-IL-18, and IL-18. PSMB5 overexpression enhanced the inflammatory damage in LPS-treated HIEC-6 cells by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome and mediating pyroptosis, as demonstrated by increased LDH release and lower cell viability, as well as increased expression of NLRP3, ASC, cleaved caspase-1 (p20), IL-1, and IL-18. Meanwhile, NAC protected HIEC-6 cells from LPS-induced damage by reversing the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis. In conclusion, PSMB5 may lower HIEC-6 cell susceptibility to LPS and ameliorate UC-induced HIEC-6 cell damage by decreasing ROS generation and hence inhibiting NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis.
[Retracted] A Study on the Strategy of Sustainable Governance of NIMBY Movements: Focusing on Civil Environmental Rights
Authors: Cao Chen
Published: August 2022

It is a common problem faced by countries in the process of industrialization and urbanization that citizens oppose the construction of negative externality facilities near their residence. Environmental right is one of the basic rights enjoyed by citizens and also an important part of human rights, allowing citizens to participate in their own environmental use decisions and defend their own environmental rights and interests against infringement. This paper focuses on the basic environmental rights of citizens, essentially defines the NIMBY movement as a movement for justice in which citizens advocate for equal environmental rights and interests, and analyzes the movement's rationale or the fundamental environmental rights of citizens. Disregard for citizens' substantive and procedural environmental rights and interests is linked to NIMBY movements. At the same time, compared with the traditional campaign‐styled governance paradigm, the sustainable development governance emphasizes joint negotiation and multiple interactions, which can better maximize the environmental benefits of the whole governance cycle. Therefore, this paper discussed the governance path of NIMBY from two dimensions: determining the boundaries of citizens’ substantive environmental rights and interests for enhancing their sense of identity and protecting citizens’ procedural environmental rights and interests by laying more emphasis on the sustainable governance of NIMBY movements.
CIRBP Regulates Pancreatic Cancer Cell Ferroptosis and Growth by Directly Binding to p53
Authors: Gao Hongqiang , Xie Ran , Huang Rong , Wang Chonglin , Wang Yue , Wang Dongdong , Liu Kaimin , Yang Conghui , Yang Qingxiong , Chen Long
Published: August 2022

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most malignant gastrointestinal tumors, and it is of great significance to explore the molecular mechanism of its progression and find new biological therapeutic targets. CIRBP is a cold-induced protein that plays a key role in many physiological and pathological processes, but its role in pancreatic cancer is still unclear. The expression of CIRBP in pancreatic cancer tissues was slightly lower than that in normal tissues, and the high expression of CIRBP was beneficial to survival. At the same time, immunohistochemical detection showed that the expression level of CIRBP in the cytoplasm of cancer tissues was significantly lower than that of adjacent tissues; survival curve analysis showed that pancreatic cancer patients with high nuclear CIRBP expression had a longer overall survival period. RIP results showed that CIRBP antibody significantly enriched p53 RNA, indicating that it could directly bind to p53. Cold treatment of pancreatic cancer cells significantly induced the expression of CIRBP, DPP4, NOX1, and FTH1 and inhibited the expression of p53 and GPX4. Cold induction enhanced the accumulation of Fe2+ in cells, promoted the generation of ROS, and inhibited the expression of GSH-Px. Therefore, cold induction promotes the process of ferroptosis by inducing the expression of CIRBP and then regulating key factors such as p53 and GPX4. In addition, cold induction significantly inhibited the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells and induced cell apoptosis, but after the addition of ferroptosis inhibitor, cell proliferation and apoptosis did not change significantly. Therefore, CIRBP acts as a tumor suppressor gene in pancreatic cancer and induces ferroptosis through the p53/GPX4 pathway to inhibit cell growth, which may be an important target for the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Protective Role of Amiodarone on Reperfusion Arrhythmia in Patients of Acute Myocardial Infarction with Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Treatment
Authors: Wang Jianying , Leng Jinchang , Sun Xiaowei , Peng Kun , Ma Xaojuan , Huang Shiqin , Wang Fang
Published: August 2022

With the development and popularity of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) has attracted more and more clinical attention. Reperfusion arrhythmia (RA), one of the common manifestations during and after PCI, can affect the postoperative cardiac function of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Therefore, effective intervention on RA has important clinical significance. This study observed the effect of amiodarone on reperfusion arrhythmia (RA) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and explored its possible mechanism. The results showed that amiodarone had good clinical efficacy in the prevention of RA in patients with AMI after PCI, and it could reduce the levels of serum IL-6, hs-CRP, CK-MB, and cTnI in patients and reduce the damage caused by reperfusion, thereby reducing the occurrence of RA.
Identification and Validation of Immune Markers in Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Pan Yuxiong , Zhang Jian , Li Jin , Zhao Wei
Published: August 2022

Background. Coronary heart disease (CHD) is an ischemic heart disease involving a variety of immune factors. This study was aimed at investigating unique immune and m6A patterns in patients with CHD by gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and at identifying novel immune biomarkers. Methods. The CIBERSORT algorithm and single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) were applied to assess the population of specific infiltrating immunocytes. Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was utilized on immune genes matching CHD. A prediction model based on core immune genes was constructed and verified by a machine learning model. Unsupervised cluster analysis identified various immune patterns in the CHD group according to the abundance of immune cells. Methylation of N6 adenosine- (m6A-) related gene was identified from the literature, and t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) analysis was used to determine the rationality of the m6A classification. The association between m6A-related genes and various immune cells was estimated using heat maps. Results. 22/28 immune-associated cells differed between the CHD and normal groups, and a significant difference was detected in the expression of 21 m6A-related genes. The proportion of immune-related cells (activated CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells) in the peripheral blood of the CHD group was lower than that of the normal group. The immune genes were divided into four modules, of which the turquoise modules showed a significant association with coronary heart disease. Eight hub immune genes (PDGFRA, GNLY, OSMR, NUDT6, FGFR2, IL2RB, TPM2, and S100A1) can well distinguish the CHD group from the normal group. Two different immune patterns were identified in the CHD group. Interestingly, a significant association was detected between the m6A-related genes and immune cell abundance. Conclusion. In conclusion, we identified different immune and m6A patterns in CHD. Thus, it could be speculated that the immune system plays a crucial role in CHD, and m6A is correlated with immune genes.
Analysis of Transmission Characteristics on an MSK-Based Rotating Magnet-Based Mechanical Antenna
Authors: He Xie , Zhou Qiang , Zhang Jianya
Published: August 2022

A rotating magnet-based mechanical antenna (RMBMA) is a new promising paradigm which can significantly reduce both the size and the power consumption of the super-low frequency electromagnetic transmitter. To further reveal the effects of the rotational motion on transmission, this paper investigates the performance analysis of MSK (Minimum Shift Keying)-based RMBMA for the first time. Initially, based on the framework of MSK-based RMBMA, both the information loading of RMBMA and the control strategies of the motor are proposed, such that the impacts of the step response induced by the motor on the information loading are characterized. Then, the transmission capacity of the MSK-based RMBMA is derived in the closed form. The results indicate that increasing output torque or decreasing inertia load can enhance the transmission capacity. Finally, numerical simulations using a realistic system model demonstrate the validity of the proposed performance analysis. The simulation results show that when the inertia is less than 0.0128 kg∙m2 and the symbol rate is less than 4 bit/s, the bit error rate is less than 10%, thereby improving the transmission capacity. The proposed comprehensive design principles of RMBMA provide guidance for system design and practical implementation.
The Safety and Effectiveness of Infliximab Biosimilar in Managing Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Real-Life Experience from Jordan
Authors: Alawneh Khaldoon , Al-Mistarehi Abdel-Hameed , Qandeel Ali , Jaber Ruba , Alomari Safwan , Kheirallah Khalid A.
Published: August 2022

Background. Infliximab (IFX) biosimilar was the first biosimilar approved in Jordan in 2014, with limited evidence of its safety and effectiveness from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of IFX biosimilar in active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients over 34 weeks by investigating (1) the adverse events (AEs), serious adverse events (SAEs), and therapy discontinuation and (2) the score changes of the 28-Joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28) and the Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI). Methods. This multicenter prospective cohort study collected clinical parameters within hospital settings every four weeks. The numbers and percentages of observed AEs and SAEs were informed. The DAS28 utilizing Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), HAQ-DI, and ESR were reported at baseline and 14th and 30th weeks; thus, they were reported as means (SD). Results. A total of 22 RA patients were enrolled and initiated IFX biosimilar, of which nine (41.0%) discontinued the study, but their data were analyzed up to the point of withdrawal. A total of 35 AEs were reported in 14 patients, including two (5.7%) SAEs. None of the participants discontinued treatment due to AEs. The mean (SD) score of DAS28-ESR significantly decreased from 6.55 (1.16) at baseline to 4.59 (1.45) at week 14 (

p
<
0.0001

) and to 4.77 (1.09) at week 30 (

p
<
0.0001

). Similarly, the mean (SD) HAQ-DI score significantly decreased from 0.95 (0.74) at baseline to 0.48 (0.62) at week 14 (

p
=
0.008

) and to 0.71 (0.78) at week 30 (

p
=
0.483

). The mean (SD) value of ESR decreased from 58.75 (26.94) at baseline to 47.92 (33.89) at week 14 (

p
=
0.082

) and to 39.83 (17.38) at week 30 (

p
=
0.005

). Conclusion. IFX biosimilar demonstrated safety and effectiveness in managing RA patients bringing real-world clinical support for biosimilars’ role in rheumatology.
Effect of Adding L-carnitine to High-Fat/Low-Protein Diets of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) and the Mechanism of Regulation of Fat and Protein Metabolism
Authors: Luo Wei , Chen Pengyu , Zhang Xiaoyang , Zhang Yibo , Zhang Shoudong , Sun Kunpu , He Feifei , Li Luojia , Zhang Ning , Xiong Yinlin , Guo Zhonggang , Du Zongjun , Wen Anxiang
Published: August 2022

L-carnitine is a low molecular weight amino acid that plays an essential role in the oxidation of long-chain fatty acids. The regulatory effects and molecular mechanisms of L-carnitine on fat and protein metabolism in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were investigated in this study. Common carp (

n
=
270

) were randomly divided into three groups and fed either (1) common carp diet, (2) high-fat/low-protein diet, or (3) L-carnitine-high-fat/low-protein diet. Growth performance, plasma biochemistry, muscle composition, and ammonia excretion rate were all examined after 8 weeks. Additionally, each group’s hepatopancreas was subjected to transcriptome analysis. The results showed that decreasing the feed protein/fat ratio resulted in a considerable increase in feed conversion ratio and a significant decrease in common carp-specific growth rate to

1.19
±
0.02
 

P
<
0.05

. Similarly, total plasma cholesterol sharply increased to

10.15
±
2.07

, while plasma urea nitrogen, muscle protein, and ammonia excretion levels dropped (

P
<
0.05

). After adding L-carnitine to the high-fat/low-protein diet, it was found that the specific growth rate and protein content of the dorsal muscle increased significantly (

P
<
0.05

). In contrast, the plasma total cholesterol and ammonia excretion rate decreased considerably at most time points after feeding (

P
<
0.05

). The expression of genes in the hepatopancreas differed substantially between the different groups. Through GO analysis, it was demonstrated that L-carnitine increased the ability of fat decomposition by up-regulating the expression of cpt1 in the hepatopancreas and decreased the expression of fasn and elovl6 to reduce the production and extension of lipids. Simultaneously, mtor was more abundant in the hepatopancreas, implying that L-carnitine can increase protein synthesis. According to the findings, adding L-carnitine to high-fat/low-protein diets can stimulate growth by enhancing lipolysis and protein synthesis.
Analysis of Artistic Creation and Design Methods in Universities Based on Augmented Reality and 5G Communication Technology
Authors: Li Ying
Published: August 2022

In order to enhance the research of art design in colleges and universities, based on the theory of augmented reality, 5G communication technology is used to conduct targeted analysis of art design and creation in colleges and universities. Through the research of feature parameter extraction, parameter consistency test, and optimization algorithm analysis on the relevant data of the art design in colleges and universities, the deficiencies of art design and creation in colleges and universities are pointed out, and relevant solutions are adopted. The results show that with the increase of distribution distance, the curve of the z value shows a linear change trend. The curve corresponding to a value has an obvious polynomial change rule. Through the analysis, it can be seen that the influence of two parameters on augmented reality needs to be considered comprehensively. As the number of iterative steps increases, the consistency curve of augmented reality shows an obvious linear downward trend. However, the increase of parameter m can improve the data changes of augmented reality consistency, and the research shows that parameter m can further promote the consistency changes of augmented reality. The gradual increase of index Pn leads to a gradual decline in data Pc, while the parameter Px has an opposite effect on data Pc. Therefore, in order to obtain targeted data and results of 5G communication technology, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the influence of the two factors. Finally, the optimization model based on augmented reality and 5G communication technology is used to analyze and predict the relevant characteristic data of university art design, so as to verify the accuracy of the model. The research results can provide support for the application of augmented reality and 5G communication technology in other art fields.
Importance of National Fitness Sports Relying on Virtual Reality Technology in the Development of Sports Economy
Authors: Chen Lianzhen , Zhu Hua
Published: August 2022

With the rapid development of the national economy and the improvement of people’s living standards, physical fitness and health have attracted people’s attention and become an important topic in people’s daily life. Virtual reality technology is a new technology that uses computer to build virtual environment, belonging to simulation technology, which is an extremely important direction in this field. This paper aims to study the importance of the national fitness sports relying on virtual reality technology in the development of sports economy. The related concepts of virtual reality technology and the related meanings of national fitness are introduced. The characteristics of the office population are analyzed to understand the daily behavior habits, health status, and common diseases of the target population. Meanwhile, the traditional home fitness equipment and virtual home fitness equipment are collected and compared. The problems of the existing home fitness equipment are understood so as to discover the direction of subsequent design. Then, through interviews, questionnaires, and on-the-spot research, the target users and the product usage environment are investigated in depth. The pain points and needs of users are found and the needs of office workers for fitness products are summarized. The experimental results showed that in the national fitness sports relying on virtual reality technology, 80% of the respondents believed that the integration of somatosensory technology into fitness equipment has a positive effect on improving fitness.