bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Active Tuned Mass Dampers for Control of Seismic Structures
Authors: Kayabekir Aylin Ece , Nigdeli Sinan Melih , Bekdaş Gebrail
Published: May 2020

Structural control has been implemented to major structures that are exposed to excitations which have random vibration behavior including strong winds, traffics and especially ground accelerations resulting from strong earthquakes. It is possible to apply passive and active control methods. In passive, structures are controlled via additional mechanical components, while and external force generating by a powered motor is needed for active control. In the practice of this study, active tuned mass dampers (ATMDs) are used to reduce vibration and responses of structures. The parameters of Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) type controllers used in ATMD was found via trial-error method, while mechanical properties of mass damper are optimized via metaheuristic algorithm called Jaya Algorithm. The results were compared with passive tuned mass damper (TMD) and uncontrolled structure. The tuned ATMD is effective to reduce structural vibrations better than TMD. In future studies, both mechanical and controller parameters can be optimized via metaheuristic algorithms.
The Topology of Neuronal Structures Exposed to Cosmic Radiation
Authors: Maganga Mihindou Armel , Mamouni My Ismail
Published: May 2020

In this paper, we focus on some leader NASA experiences to explore how cosmic radiation caused significant reductions in dendrite and spine complexity. We adopt a topological data analysis approach and extract more information then the classical methods. Our key idea is to use the NASA images of the neural networks of some mouses that were exposed 12 weeks to cosmic radiation. We associate to this neural network code bares that give us more information, that that given by the original experiences.
ЕФЕКТИВНІ ВЕКТОРИ СПІВПРАЦІ ІНСТИТУТУ ПРОФЕСІЙНО-ТЕХНІЧНОЇ ОСВІТИ НАПН УКРАЇНИ З НАВЧАЛЬНО(НАУКОВО)-МЕТОДИЧНИМИ ЦЕНТРАМИ (КАБІНЕТАМИ) ПРОФЕСІЙНО-ТЕХНІЧНОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Bazyl Liudmyla , Yershova Liudmyla
Published: May 2020

Стаття містить інформаційно-аналітичний огляд стану і результатів системної співпраці Інституту професійно-технічної освіти НАПН України з навчально(науково)-методичними центрами (кабінетами) професійно-технічної освіти України для забезпечення науково-методичного супроводу модернізації професійної освіти, оприлюднення результатів виконаних наукових досліджень, проведення експериментальної діяльності різних рівнів і впровадження інновацій. Конструктивна взаємодія академічного інституту із навчально-методичними центрами професійно-технічної освіти у Вінницькій, Волинській, Дніпропетровській, Донецькій, Закарпатській, Кіровоградській, Київській, Луганській, Львівській, Миколаївській, Одеській, Сумській, Харківській, Черкаській областях, з навчально-методичними кабінетами міст Києва та Житомира, науково-методичним центром професійно-технічної освіти та підвищення кваліфікації інженерно-педагогічних працівників у Хмельницькій області, Науково-методичним центром вищої і фахової передвищої освіти «Агроосвіта» (м. Київ) здійснюється на підставі 20 укладених договорів про співпрацю і триває уже майже 15 років. Автори аналізують напрями системної співпраці, особливості проведення масових науково-практичних заходів, зокрема, тренінгів, семінарів, робочих зустрічей, що здійснювалися для знаходження інноваційних підходів до вдосконалення професійної (професійно-технічної) і фахової передвищої освіти. У рамках співпраці вчені Інституту аналізують досвід діяльності закладів професійної освіти, пропонують інноваційні методики і технології розвитку професійно важливих якостей і ключових компетентностей здобувачів професійної освіти. Зустрічі відбуваються як із представниками керівництва навчально(науково)-методичних центрів (кабінетів) професійно-технічної освіти, так і з методистами, працівниками закладів освіти, відповідальними за важливі напрями дослідно-експериментальної роботи. Передбачається, що під час робочих зустрічей кожний із науковців реалізує розроблені в академічній установі науково-методичні засоби.
Gerakan Sosial Ekofeminisme Melawan Penambangan Marmer di Gunung Mutis Nusa Tenggara Timur
Authors: Nagari Hajeng Pandu
Published: May 2020

This research aims to understand the movement of ecofeminism that can not be separated from women's unease on the practice of ecological damage. where social movements are the most important factor in realizing social change. Where their presence aims to the realization of better social change and meets the interests of the people. The social movement of ecofeminism discussed in my writing is about the resistance of women from the east who live around the mountain of mutis, who daily perform activities that interact with nature. In 2006 there was a social movement of women in the form of rejection of marble mining around the mountain of mutis done by weaving action in the mining area of Mount Mutis for one year.Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memahami pergerakan ekofeminisme yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dari ketidaknyamanan perempuan pada praktik kerusakan ekologis. dimana gerakan sosial adalah faktor terpenting dalam mewujudkan perubahan sosial. Dimana kehadiran mereka bertujuan untuk mewujudkan perubahan sosial yang lebih baik dan memenuhi kepentingan rakyat. Gerakan sosial ekofeminisme yang dibahas dalam tulisan saya adalah tentang perlawanan perempuan dari timur yang tinggal di sekitar gunung mutis, yang setiap hari melakukan kegiatan yang berinteraksi dengan alam. Pada 2006 ada gerakan sosial perempuan berupa penolakan penambangan marmer di sekitar gunung mutis yang dilakukan dengan menenun di kawasan penambangan Gunung Mutis selama satu tahun.
ВЫРАЖЕНИЕ ТЕРМИНА «ТОВАР» В ЭТИМО- И ПАРЕМИОЛОГИИ
Authors: Ivanov Vladimir
Published: May 2020

Исследуется часто употребляемое в устной и письменной речи слово «товар» в русском, немецком и чувашском языках, исходя из его этимо- и паремиологии. «Товар» представлен в единстве с его ценой в рублях и долларах с раскрытием их происхождения и развития в качестве денежной единицы и компонента афористических словосочетаний. Дуализм «Два языка - два ума, три языка - три ума» и «Все познается в сравнении» сочетается в ходе исследования с положением «Ein Beispiel ist besser als Tausend Worte» (Один пример лучше тысячи слов), что позволяет расширить знание концепта «товар» и доказать перспективность исследуемой темы.

The article investigates the word «goods» which is intensively used in oral and written speech in the Russian, German and Chuvash languages through its etymology and paremiology. The term “goods” is presented in the article in unity with its price in rubles and dollars with the disclosure of their origin and development as a monetary unit and component of aphoristic phrases. The dualism “Two languages - two minds, three languages - three minds” and “Everything is known by comparison” is combined in this research with the attitude “Ein Beispiel ist besser als Tausend Worte” (One example is better than a thousand words), which allows to expand knowledge of the concept of “goods” in everyday speech and prove the prospects of the topic under study.
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ МОДЕЛИ СИНТАКСИЧЕСКИ УПРАВЛЯЕМОГО ПЕРЕВОДА АРИФМЕТИЧЕСКИХ ВЫРАЖЕНИЙ В ПРОЦЕССЕ ОБУЧЕНИЯ СТУДЕНТОВ
Authors: Oblomov Igor , Rzhavin Vyacheslav , Pervova Natalia , Gerasimova Alina
Published: May 2020

В статье рассматривается модель синтаксически управляемого перевода простых арифметических выражений и ее использование в процессе обучения. Атрибутно-транслируемая грамматика предполагает перевод последовательности актов в последовательность действий, которые, в свою очередь, будут являться исходными данными для следующих этапов трансляции. Раскрываются основные моменты обучения студентов декларативному языку программирования Пролог, делается упор на обработку множества символов действия. Дальнейшие исследования предполагают разработку моделей синтаксического анализа с помощью средств императивных и функциональных языков программирования с целью получения и анализа объективных оценок эффективности полученных моделей в процессе обучения будущих специалистов.

This article discusses the model of syntactically controlled translation of simple arithmetic expressions and its use in the learning process. The attribute-translated grammar involves the translation of a sequence of acts into a sequence of actions, which will be the source data for the next stages of translation. The article reveals the main points of teaching students the Prolog programming language, focuses on the processing of many action symbols. Further research involves the development of models of syntactic analysis by means of imperative and functional programming languages in order to obtain and analyze the objective estimates of the effectiveness of the obtained models in the training of future specialists.
ДЕРИВАЦИОННАЯ ИСТОРИЯ СЛОВОСЛОЖЕНИЯ В АНГЛИЙСКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ
Authors: Abramova Anzhelika , Mikhaylova Elvira , Nikitina Alena
Published: May 2020

В статье рассматривается деривационная история словосложения в английском языке. В процессе образования сложных слов современного английского языка широко участвуют формы гибридных глагольно-именных и атрибутивно-именных конструкций. Одной из основных причин, влияющих на возникновение подобных конструкций, можно считать стремление избежать частого повторения многословных глагольных синтагм, потребность в рациональном и оперативном использовании синтагматических средств языка. Высокая внутренняя валентность композитной парадигмы исследованных глагольно-именных и атрибутивно-именных образований обусловлена совокупным действием как семантических, так и синтаксических моментов.

The article considers the derivational history of compounding in English. The process of compounding in modern English involves the forms of hybrid verbal-nominal and attributive-nominal constructions. The tendency to avoid frequent repetition of multiword verbal syntagmas, the need for rational and efficient use of syntagmatic means of the language can be considered one of the main reasons for the formation of the above-mentioned constructions. High internal valency of the composite paradigm of the explored verbal-nominal and attributive-nominal formations is due to the complex effect of both semantic and syntactic factors.
ОККАЗИОНАЛЬНОЕ В СОВРЕМЕННОМ ЯЗЫКЕ: НОВЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ АНАЛИЗА
Authors: Bulatbaeva Kulzhanat , Sarsikeeva Gulnar , Aytzhanov Kuanysh
Published: May 2020

Статья посвящена окказиональным явлениям в лингвистике. Особое внимание уделено условиям проявления окказиональных значений - уровневым аспектам функционирования окказионализмов. Авторами установлено, что окказионализмы можно классифицировать по их функционированию в рамках разных единиц синтаксиса. Окказиональные сочетания впервые представлены в определенной классификации с целью системного рассмотрения их функционирования в рекламных текстах. Условиями проявления окказионального могут быть словосочетания, предикативные и полупредикативные сочетания слов, коррелирующие предикативные части сложного предложения, без анализа которых не будет ясно видна нестандартная семантика языковой единицы и соответственно суть этого явления. Также в работе выявлено, что семантическая параллель или семантическая противоположность служат средствами привлечения внимания читателей. В качестве иллюстративного материала использованы примеры из рекламных текстов и газетных статей.

The article is devoted to the occasional phenomenon in linguistics. It pays special attention to the conditions of manifestations of occasional meanings, in other words, to the level aspects of the functioning of occasionalisms. The authors established that occasionalisms can be classified by their functioning within different syntactical units. The authors are the first to classify occasional combinations in order to systematically study their functioning in advertising texts. The conditions of occasional manifestation can be word combinations, predicative and semi-predicative combinations of words, even correlating predicative parts of a complex sentence. Without analyzing those conditions, it is impossible to determine the non-standard semantics of the language unit and, accordingly, the essence of this phenomenon. The authors also revealed that the semantic parallel or the semantic opposite attracts the attention of readers. They illustrate the work with the examples from advertising texts and newspaper articles.
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ СМЫСЛА В ВЫСКАЗЫВАНИЯХ СОБОЛЕЗНОВАНИЯ (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ НЕМЕЦКОГО ЯЗЫКА)
Authors: Kharitonova Olga
Published: May 2020

Статья посвящена анализу речевого акта соболезнования с точки зрения конфигурации единого смыслового комплекса данного речевого акта. Дается краткая прагматическая характеристика соболезнования, входящего в состав симпативных речевых актов. Автор, основываясь на многокомпонентной динамической модели смысла, подробно описывает отдельные компоненты смысла речевого акта соболезнования, определяет место каждого из них в единой смысловой системе. Делаются выводы о центральной роли в смысловом единстве соболезнования интенционального смысла, имплицитности, скрытости пропозиционального компонента, неравнозначной представленности элементов эмотивного смысла.

The article focuses on the analysis of the speech act of condolence from the point of view of its sense unity configuration. The article provides a brief pragmatic characteristic of condolence which may be referred to the group of sympathic speech acts within the major class of expressives. Based on the multi-component dynamic model of sense, the author gives a detailed description of every single sense element in condolence utterances and determines their position in the general sense complex. The author concludes on the central, foreground position of the intentional component in the whole sense unity of condolences, the propositional component being implicit.
ВОПРОС АУТЕНТИЧНОСТИ ПРИПИСЫВАЕМЫХ МУСАЙЛИМЕ ТЕКСТОВ В СВЕТЕ ДРЕВНЕАРАВИЙСКОЙ ТРАДИЦИИ РЕЛИГИОЗНОЙ РЕЧИ
Authors: Rozov Vladimir
Published: May 2020

Средневековые мусульманские источники, включая исторические и литературные антологии, а также богословские труды, содержат высказывания, приписываемые современнику Мухаммада, лжепророку Мусайлиме из оазиса Йамама. Аутентичность этих текстов неоднократно подвергалась сомнению. Тем не менее формульный характер и вариативность приведенных в источниках отрывков подтверждают вероятность длительной устной передачи текстов. Структура текстов, следование принятым в доисламской Аравии традициям религиозной речи, включая широкое использование синтаксического параллелизма, рифмованной и ритмизованной прозы и иных художественных средств, характерных для речей доисламских прорицателей, а также их содержание позволяют предположить возможность создания этих текстов в племенном аравийском обществе VII в н. э. Устная передача текстов после победы ислама вплоть до их фиксации средневековыми мусульманскими авторами может быть объяснена чувством племенной солидарности по отношению к автору высказываний.

Medieval Muslim sources, including historical and literary anthologies, as well as theological works, contain the utterances attributed to the false prophet Musaylima from the oasis of Yamama, who was a contemporary of the Prophet Muhammad. The authenticity of these texts has been repeatedly challenged. Nevertheless, the formulaic nature and variability of the fragments cited in the sources could be evidence of prolonged oral transmission of these texts. The structure of the texts, their close relation to the traditions of religious speech in pre-Islamic Arabia, including the widespread use of syntactic parallelism, rhymed and rhythmic prose and other artistic means characteristic of the speeches of pre-Islamic kahins, imply the possibility of these texts being created in tribal Arabian society in the 7th century A.D. The oral transmission of the text after the victory of Islam, up to their fixation by medieval Muslim authors, could be explained by a sense of tribal solidarity with the author of the utterances.
КУЛЬТУРНО-ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫЙ КЛАСТЕР В СЕЛЬСКОЙ МЕСТНОСТИ
Authors: Vinokurova Ulyana
Published: May 2020

Статья посвящена педагогическому аспекту кластерного подхода в условиях сельской образовательной среды. Автор обращает внимание на пространственный фактор в образовательной политике России и региона, предлагает рассматривать сельскую школу как механизм стабильности населения и сохранения сел в качестве исторически сложившегося типа расселения. Понятие «культурно-образовательный кластер» понимается как инновационный механизм интеграции кадровых, информационных, материальных, культурных, образовательных и организационных ресурсов различных учреждений, вступающих во взаимодействие в целях воспитания территориальной принадлежности детей, проживающих в сельской местности. Главная идея кластера исходит из понимания сельской жизни как экогармоничной, содержащей творческий потенциал будущего нации. Анализируется пятилетняя практика внедрения культурно-образовательного кластера в Таттинском улусе Республики Саха (Якутия), выявляются принципы, условия и направления его создания в сельской местности, описываются педагогические конструирующие проекты по укреплению территориальной и культурной принадлежности жителей села.

The paper discusses the pedagogical aspect of the cluster approach in a rural educational environment. It draws attention to the spatial factor in educational policy of Russia and the region. It considers a rural school as a mechanism that ensures the stability of rural population and preservation of Russian villages as a historical type of settlement. The author understands the concept of «cultural and educational cluster» as an innovative mechanism for integrating the personnel, information, material and other resources of various institutions that interact to form a sense of belonging among children living in rural areas. The main idea of the cluster comes from the understanding of rural life as eco-harmonious, containing the creative potential of the future of the nation. The paper analyzes the 5-year practice of introducing a cultural and educational cluster in the Tattinsky ulus (administrative district) of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). It identifies the principles, conditions and directions for creating a cultural and educational cluster in rural areas. Also, it describes pedagogical design projects to strengthen a sense of belonging of rural residents.
Kinesiotherapy in patients with ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Ahunova R.R. , Bodrova R.A.
Published: May 2020

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory disease from the group of spondylarthritis, characterized by damage to the predominantly axial skeleton, gradual formation of functional disorders of the spine and joints, leading to temporary or permanent disability and poor quality of life for patients, mostly young. In recent years, much attention has been paid to the study of the effectiveness of kinesitherapy in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Studies have been conducted that confirmed the positive effect on the function of the spine and joints of regular exercises performed at home, regular group exercise and their combination with physiotherapy methods. However, due to the imperfect methodology of conducting these studies and the lack of a standardized approach in evaluating the effectiveness of therapy in these patients, further detailed researches are needed to select the required amount of kinesitherapy for patients with ankylosing spondylitis and develop a standardized assessment of its effectiveness.
COVID-19 PANDEMİSİNDE GEBELİKTE YAKLAŞIM VE YÖNETİM
Authors: KESKİN Hüseyin Levent , ŞEN ÖZYER Şebnem , SAHİN Dilek , ÜNLÜ Serpil , ÖZCAN Namık , TAYMAN Cüneyt , ÖZEL Şule , MORALOĞLU TEKİN Özlem
Published: May 2020

SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV) ile enfekte gebelerde maternal ve perinatal sonuçlara ait bilgiler birkaç vaka serisinden oluşan oldukça kısıtlı verilerdir. Bu vaka serilerinde olgu sayıları az, bulgular da çok çeşitlidir. Ancak dünya çapında virüsün yayılımının devam etmesi nedeniyle hassas popülasyonlardan biri olan gebelerde hastalığa yaklaşım ve yönetimde, koruyucu önlemlerin ve tedavi protokollerinin önemi giderek artmaktadır. Bu öneriler dinamik olup hastalığın gebe popülasyonda epidemiyolojisi, patogenezi, progresyonu ve klinik seyrine ait bilgiler arttıkça daha da geliştirilecektir.
Anahtar kelimeler: koronavirüs, COVID-19, gebelik, doğum, pandemi
Maternal Anemia Prevalence and Subsequent Neonatal Complications in Iraq
Authors: Kadhim Jasim Shaymaa , Al-Momen Hayder , Al-Asadi Farah
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND: Anemia during pregnancy is still a challenge throughout the world, and it may cause severe health consequences in the maternal and fetal sides.
AIM: This study aims to find out the prevalence of maternal anemia and potential adverse outcomes in Iraq.
METHODS: In Medical City Tertiary Center in Baghdad, singleton pregnant ladies came for delivery were involved over 6 months’ period. Based on hemoglobin (Hb) readings; they were divided into no anemia group (Hb>11 g/l) and anemia group which were further subdivided into mild, moderate, and severe (Hb =10–10.9, =7.1–9.9, and <7 g/l, respectively). Full history and examination were performed by attending obstetrician and pediatrician for the upcoming babies.
RESULTS: Maternal anemia prevalence was 84.84% out of 4473 cases. No anemia group was 15.16%, mild 40.73%, and moderate 40.73%, while severe anemia group (24.93%). Maternal occupation, educational status, and Hb levels were significantly associated with anemia (p < 0.001), unlike parity, body mass index, and delivery mode. Neonatal preterm delivery, birth weight and length, small for gestational age (SGA), Apgar score, respiratory distress, and high death rate were strongly related to mothers’ anemia (p < 0.001), on the contrary of septicemia, birth asphyxia, and hypoglycemia, in spite of their higher frequency rates in anemia groups. Birth weight, and length, and gestational age were lowered significantly in moderate and severe anemia, while Apgar score was low throughout all anemia categories. SGA was significant in severe anemia.
CONCLUSION: Maternal anemia is highly prevalent in Iraq with significant adverse neonatal events and elevated rates of mortality.
Overview of the Current Situation and Challenges about Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders in the Republic of Macedonia
Authors: Barbov Ivan , Tanovska Nikolina , Kuzmanovski Igor , Boshkova-Petkovska Tatjana , Smokovski Aleksandar
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are rare, progressive inflammatory disorders of the central nervous system characterized by severe, immune-mediated demyelination targeting optic nerves and spinal cord. Prior establishment of diagnostic criteria, patients were often misdiagnosed which led to delayed/inappropriate treatment and disability. Current practice involving immunotherapies is insufficient. Recent data are encouraging since the novel treatments allow effective prevention.
AIM: The primary objective was to evaluate the current situation to identify challenges and develop intervention that might improve the current state as secondary objectives.
METHODS: Standard questionnaire containing 22 questions was developed. Collected data were analyzed and descriptive report was created.
RESULTS: Current estimated prevalence is approximately 20 NMOSD patients; trend is unknown due unavailability of patient registry. Six neurologists from one health-care institution are responsible for the whole management. Despite physicianâ€™s insufficient experience, ~80% of them are willing to switch patients into innovative treatments once available. Aquaporin-4-IgG testing is not routinely available resulting in ~30% testing rate. Approximately 80â€“90% of patients are on maintenance treatment with immunosuppressant, corticosteroids are used for acute relapse. Lack of novel innovative medications is evident.
CONCLUSION: Current NMOSD management is challenging with significant unmet needs. Highest priorities that might provide improvement are: APQ4-IgG testing availability, establishment of patient registry, and availability of novel treatments.
An assessment of vouchered records and field observations of the rare anguid, Dopasia buettikoferi (Lidth de Jeude, 1905) in Borneo
Authors: Jablonski Daniel , Lawson Martina , Boyce Andy J. , Molls Christian , Das Indraneil
Published: May 2020

We report recent observations, two new locality records and an updated overview of the distribution of Dopasia buettikoferi (Lidth de Jeude, 1905) from Borneo, as well as photographic documentation of this species showing colouration and patterns in living individuals and the holotype. This note represents the first complete compilation of distributional knowledge of this rarely-encountered member of the family Anguidae.
Evaluation of crystallographic ordering degree of magnetically active ions in Sr 2FeMoO 6-δ by means of the (101) X-ray peak intensity
Authors: Artsiukh Evgenij , Suchaneck Gunnar
Published: May 2020

Strontium ferromolybdate double perovskite is a promising candidate for room-temperature spintronic applications. Nevertheless, SFMO has not yet found wide application in spintronics. This is attributed to the low reproducibility of its magnetic properties which partially originates from their strong dependence on the ordering degree of Fe and Mo ions in the Bʹ and Bʺ sublattices of double perovskite A2BʹBʺO6.

In this work, we have considered an express method of determining the degree of disorder in strontium ferromolybdate. The sublattice occupation with Fe and Mo ions has been estimated for stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric Sr2FeMoO6-δ with a 5% Fe and Mo excess, respectively. We have calculated the intensity ratio between the superstructure (101) XRD peak and the most intense (112 + 200) peak. The calculated curves have been fitted to an analytical expression of a similar case known from literature. The calculation results obtained using the proposed method are within a ± 25 % agreement with Rietveld analysis of experimental data. Thus, this method can be used as an alternative to Rietveld analysis if the exposure time during X-ray diffraction experiment was insufficient. We have discussed the dependence of the I (101)/I (112 + 200) peak intensity ratio on various factors including instrumental broadening of diffraction peaks, peak twinning due to grain size reduction, thin film lattice parameter variation due to substrate lattice mismatch and lattice parameter variation due to oxygen vacancies.

The relevance of the method is the evaluation of the degree of superstructure ordering in Sr2FeMoO6-δ without large time consumption for X-ray diffraction pattern recording and Rietveld data processing which may be essential when dealing with large amounts of experimental data.
Same-Day Discharge Following Total Joint Arthroplasty: Examining Trends, Discharge Dispositions, and Complications Over Time
Authors: Clouette Julien , Agarwalla Avinesh , Ravi Bheeshma , Gandhi Rajiv , Maldonado-Rodriguez Naomi , Saltzman Bryan M. , Romeo Anthony A. , Leroux Timothy S.
Published: May 2020

Administrative database studies have reported on the safety of same-day discharge (SDD) following total joint arthroplasty (TJA); however, most patient cohorts have been defined by length of stay (LOS), and the proportion discharged directly home remains unknown. The purpose of this investigation was to (1) determine common dispositions for patients undergoing SDD TJA; (2) understand changes in discharge disposition over time; and (3) determine the safety of SDD TJA, stratified by discharge disposition. The PearlDiver Database was reviewed for patients who underwent SDD TJA (LOS of 0 days) from 2011 to 2016. Patients were stratified by discharge disposition, and rates and complications following SDD TJA were assessed accordingly. Chi-square analysis was performed to compare demographics and complications between patient groups stratified by disposition. From 2011 to 2016, there was an exponential increase in the annual rate of SDD TJA from 0.95% to 20.5%, respectively; however, the annual proportion of patients discharged directly home remained unchanged (approximately 68%), with the remaining discharged directly to an alternate care facility, most commonly inpatient rehabilitation. Patients discharged to an alternate facility were significantly older (
P
<.001), had significantly higher comorbidity scores (
P
<.001), and had significantly more complications (
P
<.001) than those patients discharged directly home. Although the annual rate of SDD TJA is increasing, up to one-third of patients are not discharged directly home—a proportion unchanged over time. Moving forward, administrative database studies examining SDD TJA must account for discharge disposition; moreover, there is a need to understand the practice of SDD TJA to an alternate care facility. [
Orthopedics
. 2020;43(4):204–208.]
Arthroscopic Superior Capsular Reconstruction of the Shoulder Using Dermal Allograft
Authors: Makki Daoud , Tang Quen O. , Sandher Dilraj , Morgan Barnes W. , Ravenscroft Matt
Published: May 2020

Irreparable massive cuff tears in young patients pose a difficult problem for shoulder surgeons. Arthroscopic superior capsular reconstruction has shown promise in recent years in the treatment of this challenging patient population. The majority of the literature is limited to surgical techniques. The authors present the 2-year clinical outcomes of 25 patients undergoing arthroscopic superior capsular reconstruction with dermal allograft from a single center. The Oxford Shoulder Score and range of motion were assessed preoperatively and then at 3 to 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years following surgery. Patient satisfaction was recorded at final follow-up. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed at 3 months postoperatively to assess graft integrity. All patients were available at 1-year follow-up, and 23 were available at 2 years. The mean Oxford Shoulder Score improved by a minimum of 10 points at all time points compared with preoperatively. The mean forward flexion and abduction improved by 20° and external rotation by 7°. Revision to reverse shoulder arthroplasty was seen in 3 patients (12%). Graft failure was seen in 4 patients (16%). Overall, 20 patients had successful outcomes at 1 year (80%) and 18 patients had successful outcomes at 2 years (72%). Superior capsular reconstruction offers a safe and effective short-term bridging option for young patients with irreparable supraspinatus tears in the absence of glenohumeral arthritis. However, long-term outcome studies are required to evaluate the true clinical effectiveness and failure rates. [
Orthopedics
. 2020;43(4):215–220.]
Understanding HANK: Insights From a PRANK
Authors: Acharya Sushant , Dogra Keshav
Published: May 2020

Using an analytically tractable heterogeneous agent New Keynesian model, we show that whether incomplete markets resolve New Keynesian “paradoxes” depends on the cyclicality of income risk. Incomplete markets reduce the effectiveness of forward guidance and multipliers in a liquidity trap only with procyclical risk. Countercyclical risk amplifies these “puzzles.” Procyclical risk permits determinacy under a peg; countercyclical risk may generate indeterminacy even under the Taylor principle. By affecting the cyclicality of risk, even “passive” fiscal policy influences the effects of monetary policy.
Social Learning Equilibria
Authors: Mossel Elchanan , Mueller-Frank Manuel , Sly Allan , Tamuz Omer
Published: May 2020

We consider a large class of social learning models in which a group of agents face uncertainty regarding a state of the world, share the same utility function, observe private signals, and interact in a general dynamic setting. We introduce social learning equilibria, a static equilibrium concept that abstracts away from the details of the given extensive form, but nevertheless captures the corresponding asymptotic equilibrium behavior. We establish general conditions for agreement, herding, and information aggregation in equilibrium, highlighting a connection between agreement and information aggregation.
Unbundling Polarization
Authors: Canen Nathan , Kendall Chad , Trebbi Francesco
Published: May 2020

This paper investigates the determinants of political polarization, a phenomenon of increasing relevance in Western democracies. How much of polarization is driven by divergence in the ideologies of politicians? How much is instead the result of changes in the capacity of parties to control their members? We use detailed internal information on party discipline in the context of the U.S. Congress—whip count data for 1977–1986—to identify and structurally estimate an economic model of legislative activity in which agenda selection, party discipline, and member votes are endogenous. The model delivers estimates of the ideological preferences of politicians, the extent of party control, and allows us to assess the effects of polarization through agenda setting (i.e., which alternatives to a status quo are strategically pursued). We find that parties account for approximately 40% of the political polarization in legislative voting over this time period, a critical inflection point in U.S. polarization. We also show that, absent party control, historically significant economic policies would have not passed or lost substantial support. Counterfactual exercises establish that party control is highly relevant for the probability of success of a given bill and that polarization in ideological preferences is more consequential for policy selection, resulting in different bills being pursued.
Predictors of New-Onset Physical Restraint Use in Critically Ill Adults
Authors: Lawson Thomas N. , Tan Alai , Thrane Susan E. , Happ Mary Beth , Mion Lorraine C. , Tate Judith , Balas Michele C.
Published: May 2020

Background

Physical restraints are frequently used for intensive care patients and are associated with substantial morbidity. The effects of common evidence-based critical care interventions on use of physical restraints remain unclear.

Objective

To identify independent predictors of new-onset use of physical restraints in critically ill adults.

Methods

Secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study involving 5 adult intensive care units in a tertiary care medical center in the United States. Use of physical restraints was determined via daily in-person assessments and medical record review. Mixed-effects logistic regression analysis was used to examine factors associated with new-onset use of physical restraints, adjusting for covariates and within-subject correlation among intensive care unit days.

Results

Of 145 patients who were free of physical restraints within 48 hours of intensive care unit admission, 24 (16.6%) had restraints newly applied during their stay. In adjusted models, delirium (odds ratio [OR], 5.09; 95% CI, 1.83-14.14), endotracheal tube presence (OR, 3.47; 95% CI, 1.22-9.86), and benzodiazepine administration (OR, 3.17; 95% CI, 1.28-7.81) significantly increased the odds of next-day use of physical restraints. Tracheostomy was associated with significantly lowered odds of next-day restraint use (OR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.02-0.73). Compared with patients with a target sedation level, patients who were in a coma (OR, 2.56; 95% CI, 0.80-8.18) or deeply sedated (OR, 2.53; 95% CI, 0.91-7.08) had higher odds of next-day use of physical restraints, and agitated patients (OR, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.00-2.07) were less likely to experience restraint use.

Conclusion

Several potentially modifiable risk factors are associated with next-day use of physical restraints.
Development of a “First Five Minutes” Program to Improve Staff Response to Pediatric Codes
Authors: Wise Kandi M. , Zinkan J. Lynn , Rutledge Chrystal , Gaither Stacy , Norwood Carrie , Tofil Nancy M.
Published: May 2020

Background

Delayed or inadequate cardiopulmonary resuscitation during cardiopulmonary arrest is associated with adverse resuscitation outcomes in pediatric patients. Therefore, a “First Five Minutes” program was developed to train all inpatient acute care nurses in resuscitation skills. The program focused on steps to take during the first 5 minutes.

Objective

To improve response of bedside personnel in the first few minutes of a cardiopulmonary emergency.

Methods

A simulation-based in situ educational program was developed that focused on the components of the American Heart Association’s “Get With the Guidelines” recommendations. The program was implemented in several phases to improve instruction and focus on necessary skills.

Results

The program garnered positive feedback from participants and was deemed helpful in preparing nurses and other staff members to respond to a patient in cardiopulmonary arrest. Time to chest compressions improved after training, and postintervention responses to questions regarding future code performance indicated participant recognition of the priority of the interventions addressed, such as backboard use, timely initiation of chest compressions, and timely administration of medications. Preliminary data show staff improvements in mock code performance.

Conclusions

The First Five Minutes program has proved to be a successful educational initiative and is expected to be continued indefinitely, with additional phases incorporated as needed. A rigorous study on best teaching methods for the program is planned.
Implementing Automated Prone Ventilation for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome via Simulation-Based Training
Authors: Poor Armeen D. , Acquah Samuel O. , Wells Celia M. , Sevillano Maria V. , Strother Christopher G. , Oldenburg Gary G. , Hsieh S Jean
Published: May 2020

Background

Prone position ventilation (PPV) is recommended for patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome, but it remains underused. Interprofessional simulation-based training for PPV has not been described.

Objectives

To evaluate the impact of a novel interprofessional simulation-based training program on providers’ perception of and comfort with PPV and the program’s ability to help identify unrecognized safety issues (“latent safety threats”) before implementation.

Methods

A prospective observational quality improvement study was done in the medical intensive care unit of an academic medical center. Registered nurses, physicians, and respiratory therapists were trained via a didactic session, simulations, and structured debriefings during which latent safety threats were identified. Participants completed anonymous surveys before and after training.

Results

A total of 73 providers (37 nurses, 18 physicians, 18 respiratory therapists) underwent training and completed surveys. Before training, only 39% of nurses agreed that PPV would be beneficial to patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome, compared with 96% of physicians and 70% of respiratory therapists (P < .001). Less than half of both nurses and physicians felt comfortable taking care of prone patients. After training, perceived benefit increased among all providers. Comfort taking care of proned patients and managing cardiac arrest increased significantly among nurses and physicians. Twenty novel latent safety threats were identified.

Conclusion

Interprofessional simulation-based training may improve providers’ perception of and comfort with PPV and can help identify latent safety threats before implementation.
Antimicrobial Compounds from Crustaceans and Their Applications for Extending Shelf-Life of Marine-Based Foods
Authors: Olatunde Oladipupo Odunayo , Benjakul Soottawat , Yesilsu Ahmet Faruk
Published: May 2020

Antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms have become a major challenge for public health and food industries because of their fast adaptability and slow response to synthetic antimicrobials. Bioactive compounds from marine sources exert various biological roles including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, and anticancer properties. Their advantage as an antimicrobial compound is gradually be exploited, particularly in marine-based foods (MBFs), which are highly perishable since they are abundant in proteins, lipids, and other nutrients. Also, the growing demand for fresh products with prolonged shelf-life is making the MBFs industry to urgently seek the effective methods for preservation of fresh or refrigerated MBFs. Crustaceans, which are invertebrates, are valuable source of essential nutrient based on their richness in protein, carbohydrate, minerals, lipids, and vitamins. Additionally, the by-product from the processing of crustaceans could be used as an alternative source of antimicrobials, which can be employed in MBFs as natural preservatives. This review therefore revisited the recovery of antimicrobials compounds such as antimicrobial peptides, carotenoids, and chitosan derivatives from crustaceans. The uses of these crustacean antimicrobials in extending the shelf-life of MBFs are also discussed.
Effect of Oxidant Addition on Water Quality and Microfiltration Performance during Water Reclamation
Authors: Park Jae Min , Lee Wontae
Published: May 2020

Objective:This study investigated the effects of ozone, chlorine dioxide, and chlorine pretreatment on water quality and microfiltration characteristics in the water reclamation facility.Methods:Ozone (0.5-2.5 mg/L), chlorine dioxide (1-5 mg/L) and chlorine (1-5 mg/L) were injected as an pre-oxidizing agent, and membrane fouling and surface damage during microfiltration (PVDF) were assessed. Results and Discussion:The hydrophobic substances were decomposed as the dosages of ozone and chlorine injected increased. However, chlorine dioxide could not effectively decompose hydrophobic organic matters in the range of 1-5 mg/L. In the case of pretreatment with chlorine, the microfiltration operation time was longer than in the case of pretreatment with ozone and chlorine dioxide. As the concentration of chlorine injection increased, the membrane filtration time before backwash gradually increased. Regardless of the type and concentration of the oxidizing agent, the membrane damage rate by the oxidizing agent was less than 1% within 28 days, and no surface damage was observed. Conclusions:Chlorine was considered to be the most efficient pre-oxidizer for microfiltration process with a PVDF membrane to reuse biologically treated wastewater in the wastewater treatment plant.
BitScout: Remote Digital Forensics Toolkit
Authors: Rawat Himani
Published: May 2020

Forensic Science has been full of challenges for most of the Law Enforcement Agency (LEA) as we need to physically visit the crime scene, acquire evidence, then preserve it for forensic analysis. The path of collecting evidences from crime site and then bringing it to the Forensic Labs. becomes much cumbersome as the evidence may be corrupted or altered during transit. So why not to adopt a system for readily analysis of a compromised system without going to the crime site and sitting on one’s chair or forensic workstation?
The answer may be yes, we can but will it be easy and ethical to acquire evidence from a system remotely without visiting the crime scene physically. Vitaly Kamluk from Kaspersky Labs made this possible now by launching a new forensic tool called BitScout . To solve this problem, security researchers and Forensic Investigator can now use BitScout to collect remotely, key forensic evidences, to acquire full disk images via the network or locally attached storage devices, or simply to assist in malware incident handling. Evidence data can be viewed and analysed remotely or locally while the source data storage remains intact through reliable container-based isolation. BitScout is an open-source and free tool developed by security researchers for all people interested in digital forensics and cyber crimes investigations.
Mobile Malware
Authors: Kalla Praful
Published: May 2020

Mobile Malware has been quite a trending topic for the last few years and also been a big threat to the mobile ecosystems. The malware are pretty much hard to detect, has lined up a vast amount of threats and quite favoured among Cybercriminals. Advertising is very important tools for companies whose products and services are targeted at mass consumer markets i.e. it is also used by SEO Team as Social Media Marketing Tools-some are ethical but others may not be. The companies adopt various marketing techniques like mobile advertising. The Cybercriminals entice the victims with as many pop-up ads. as possible which tricks the user into installing such malware and thereby granting root access and harm to the victim.
The PRNU Algorithm of Video Forensics
Authors: Pai Shreya , Bhilegaonkar Madhavi , Borhade Vipul , Tripathi Shweta
Published: May 2020

The A video sequence provides more proof of an occurring event than a photo or a group of photos. Hence it is important to identify the source of the video. In this paper, we explore how the Photo Response Non-Uniformity (PRNU) noise is useful for the detection of source cameras- Metadata of a Camera. With this method, we aim to determine whether the video originated from the given camera or not.
FORMULASI NANOEMULSI ASPIRIN MENGGUNAKAN ETANOL 96 % SEBAGAI KO-SURFAKTAN
Authors: Daud Nur Saadah , Musdalipah Musdalipah , Lamadari Asriyanti
Published: May 2020

ABSTRAK

Aspirin termasuk dalam golongan Non Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) yang banyak digunakan pada pengobatan nyeri ringan sampai sedang, antipiretik, anti inflamasi, serta anti koagulan. Pada penggunaan secara oral dapat menurunkan efektifitas obat akibat metabolisme lintas pertama. Alternatif untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut yaitu membuat sediaan topikal nanoemulsi aspirin. Nanoemulsi yaitu sistem emulsi yang transparan, tembus cahaya dan merupakan d ispersi minyak air yang distabilkan oleh lapisan film dari surfaktan dan ko-surfaktan, yang memiliki ukuran droplet 20 nm-500 nm. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat nanoemulsi aspirin dengan variasi konsentrasi etanol 96 % sebagai ko-surfaktan. Nanoemulsi aspirin dibuat dengan Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) sebagai fase minyak, tween 80 sebagai surfaktan,dan etanol 96 % sebagai ko-surfaktan. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 5 formula nanoemulsi jernih beraroma khas dengan nilai pH berkisar pada range 4,0-4,5 yang telah memenuhi pH normal kulit. dengan konsentrasi etanol 96 % yaitu 10 %, 15 %, 20 %, 25 % dan 30 %, dan dibuat 3 replikasi. Hasil uji stabilitas fisik menunjukkan bahwa kelima formula menghasilkan nanoemulsi yang stabil dan tidak terjadi pemisahan fase sesudah uji sentrifugasi dan cycling test dilakukan.

Kata Kunci     : Nanoemulsi, Aspirin, Etanol 96%, Ko-surfaktan

 

ABSTRACT

Acetosal known to be a part of the group medications called Non Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) that was used for mild to moderate pain therapy, antipyretic, anti inflamation and anti coagulan. Oral administration of acetosal may decrease its effectiveness because of the first past metabolism problem. The purpose of this study was to formulate acetosal into nanoemulsion form for topical preparation as an alternative to avoid those problem with ethanol 96% as co-surfactant.  Nanoemulsion was an emultion system which transparent, glasslike, and comes from dispertion of water and oil stabilized by film-coated that made from surfactant and co-surfactant combination, which has droplet size around 20 nm-500 nm. Acetosal nanoemulsions were prepared with Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) as oil phase, tween 80 as surfactant and ethanol 96 % as co-surfactant. There were 5 formulas of transparent acetosal nanoemultion. Their yield of pH were about 4,0-4,5 were met the normal skin’s pH. They were acetosal nanoemulsions with ethanol 96 % of 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%. These five were stable and did not show the separation of phase after both centrifugation and cycling test.

Keyword          : Nanoemulsion, Acetosal, Ethanol 96%, Co-Surfactan