bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An analysis of patients transported by a private helicopter emergency service within South Africa
Authors:   , Muhlbauer Dagmar
Published: March 2022

Introduction: A Helicopter Emergency Medical Service (HEMS) is a specialist flying emergency service where on-board medical personnel have both the knowledge and equipment to perform complicated medical procedures. There is an absence of literature describing the types of patients treated and the clinical outcome of these patients flown by Helicopter Emergency Medical Services within South Africa. The paucity of literature on this topic poses a challenge for current aeromedical services as there is no baseline information on which to base flight criteria, staffing and policy documents. This has the potential to hamper the advancement of HEMS within South Africa. Purpose of the study: The purpose of this study was to undertake a descriptive analysis of the patients flown by the Netcare 911 HEMS over a 12 month period in both Gauteng and KwaZulu-Natal and to assess the patients’ outcomes. The objectives of the study were to analyse the clinical demographics of patients transported by the Netcare 911 HEMS operation, determine the time frames from dispatch of the helicopter to delivery of the patient to the receiving hospital and undertake a correlational analysis of crew qualifications, clinical procedures performed and their outcomes at 24 hours and 72 hours. A further objective was to make recommendations regarding the refinement of current aeromedical policies as well as the education and training requirements. Methodology: The research study was conducted utilizing a retrospective quantitative, descriptive design to undertake an analysis of patients transported by a private helicopter emergency medical service within South Africa. The records of all patients transported by the Netcare 911 HEMS operations between 01 January 2011 and 31 December 2011 were included. Results: In the 12 month study period there were a total of 547 cases. However, the final study population was made up of 537 cases as 10 cases had to be excluded due to incomplete documentation. Of the 537 cases, 82 (15.3%) were managed by the KwaZulu-Natal HEMS and 455 (84.7%) were managed by the Gauteng HEMS. Findings revealed that the majority of patients flown in both Gauteng and KwaZulu-Natal were adult males: males (n=398; 74.1%) and adults (n=437; 81.4%). Motor vehicle accidents were the most common incident type for both operations (n=193; 36%). At the 24-hour follow up, 339 (63.1%) patients were alive and stable and at the 72-hour follow up, 404 (75.3%) were alive and stable. Conclusion and recommendations The findings of this study provide valuable information that may have an impact on the current staffing and authorization criteria of South African HEMS operations.
Experiences of community service radiographers during their transition into the workplace within the eThekwini District
Authors:   , Chipere Tawanda Alfred Gilbert
Published: March 2022

Community service diagnostic radiographers have high professional expectations, but their initial workplace experiences often deviate sharply from these. As they transition into the workplace, they may experience a myriad of negative events, and these have a greater individual impact when experienced during the fragile transitional phase. Negative early career experiences may lead to reduced quality output, and eventual attrition from the already short-staffed profession. In South Africa, no studies have been carried out that detail the transitional phase in the careers of radiographers. Understanding the professional transitional phase as detailed by community service radiographers may help to address their needs, which can assist in shaping support structures for future community service radiographers. This may ultimately assist in radiographer retention within hospitals for the benefit of patients and the healthcare industry. AIM To explore and describe the lived experiences of community service radiographers during their transition into the workplace, in order to ensure improved transitional experiences for future community service radiographers. METHODOLOGY Criterion sampling was used to select five hospitals within the eThekwini District. From these hospitals, seven community service radiographers were interviewed, using a phenomenological approach. Face-to-face, one-on-one interviews were conducted by means of semi-structured questions, and the obtained data was transcribed verbatim. Interpretive phenomenological analysis was then employed to identify themes. FINDINGS Thematic analysis of the transcribed interviews revealed three main themes, namely reality shock, work environmental factors, and adaptation. Reality shock affects workplace retention, and needs to be minimised. The environment should meet participants’ expectations and learning needs for them to be satisfied. Lastly, research participants suggested that formalised support, and prior exposure to institutions could help facilitate a smooth workplace adaptation. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS Minimising reality shock and ensuring that institutionalised support is available are essential measures required to ensure a smooth workplace adaptation and ultimately improve radiographer retention. Universities, students, and the Department of Health need to join forces to help ensure that community service radiographers integrate smoothly into the workplace.
Influence of landscape features on the moisture balance of arable land
Authors:   Northern Trans-Ural State Agricultural University, Ufimtseva Marina , Ufimtsev Alexander
Published: March 2022

Despite irrigation controlled by modern digital technologies, the arable land of some agricultural landscapes experienced a lack of moisture. As a result, the yield on arable land deficient in moisture was two times lower than on other options. The influence of the landscape on the balance of moisture in the soil during irrigation becomes obvious, and this is one of the key factors in the irrigation agriculture of the forest-steppe zone. When developing resource-saving irrigation regimes, it is necessary to evaluate the processes of moisture migration, both vertical and horizontal, to study in detail the morphology of the landscape and its properties. Keywords: AGROLANDSCAPE, IRRIGATION, MOISTURE BALANCE, FILTRATION, INFILTRATION, DIGITAL SYSTEMS
Pemanfaatan Data Mining Dalam Memprediksi Kasus Positif Covid-19 Di Kota Palembang Menggunakan Algoritma K-Nearest Neighbors
Authors: Purnamasari Yulianita , Kunang Yessi Novaria
Published: March 2022

Covid-19 was first detected in Indonesia in early March 2020. The province of South Sumatra has more than 20,000 confirmed cases of Covid-19, 15,914 from Palembang City. The Covid-19 pandemic still shows no signs of ending. This can be seen from the increase in positive cases of Covid-19 every day. In making decisions on policies and decisions related to handling Covid-19, positive cases are still an important influence in this regard. Therefore, it focuses on predicting positive cases of Covid-19 in Palembang City. The data used in this study are data taken from the official website of the Palembang City Health Office as many as 153 data with 14 parameters. From 153 data, it is divided into 80% training data and 20% testing data. The variable used in this study is the daily number of confirmed cases of Covid-19 in Palembang City. KNN is used as a model to make predictions. From the research conducted, the RMSE results were 209,362. The results of this prediction can be used as input for research related to the prediction of positive cases of Covid19 in the city of Palembang.
Tinjauan Yuridis Terhadap Penyelundupan Hukum dalam Perkawinan Campuran
Authors: Mayasari Lutfiana Dwi
Published: March 2022

Celah hukum pada pasal 56 UU No 1/1974 acapkali dijadikan salah satu alternatif dan jalan pintas formalisasi pernikahan beda agama di Indonesia. Penyelundupan hukum dalam perkawinan beda agama yang dilakukan tersebut justru dilindungi oleh regulasi. Seperti contoh kasus Dimas Anggara dan Nadine Chandrawinata, perkawinan Yuni Shara dan Henry Siahaan, dan perkawinan sejenis antara pasangan gay Ragil Mahardika dan suaminya Frederik Vollert yang berasal dari Jerman. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian deskriptif, dan analisis yuridis normatif. Melalui analisis kasus penyelundupan hukum, disimpulkan bahwa terjadi kekosongan hukum. Tidak ada aturan khusus yang mengatur mengenainya.Menyamakan perkawinan campuran dengan kasus penyelundupan hukum jelas bertentangan dengan amanat konstitusi. Perkawinan yang dilakukan oleh pelaku penyelundupan hukum tidak sah baik secara agama maupun secara administratif hukum perkawinan nasional Indonesia.
Pelaksanaan Zakat Susu Perah di Desa Bendosari Kecamatan Sanan Kulon Kabupaten Blitar Ditinjau dari Fikih Zakat Yusuf Qardlawi
Authors: Supriyanto Supriyanto , Tri Lestari Ratna
Published: March 2022

Abstrak:  Zakat mal merupakan zakat yang digunakan untuk membersihkan harta dari kotoran. Zakat mal terdiri dari dua macam, yaitu zakat mal klasik yang telah dijelaskan dalam nash dan zakat mal modern/kontemporer yang tidak dijelaskan dalam nash. Salah satu contohnya adalah zakat produksi peternakan sapi perah. Pada masa sekarang zakat produksi peternakan sapi perah masih awam di kalangan masyarakat. Mereka beranggapan bahwa hasil produksi peternakan sapi perah tidak wajib dikeluarkan zakatnya. Padahal jika dilihat dari ‘illat hukumnya, zakat produksi peternakan sapi perah bisa berkembang secara kuantitas serta dapat menghasilkan keuntungan. Oleh karena itu, hasil produksi peternakan sapi perah harus dikeluarkan zakatnya, seperti zakat     susu. Penelitian ini menggunakan observasi lapangan dan wawancara langsung dengan para informan yang berkaitan dengan bidang kajian. Adapun literatur dan dokumentasi yang didapatkan mengenai persoalan yang terkait digunakan sebagai sumber data sekunder. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa masyarakat Desa Bendosari telah melaksanakan zakat susu sapi perah sebagaimana yang telah disyari’atkan oleh agama. Akan tetapi dalam pelaksanaannya mereka menganalogikan zakat susu sapi perah dengan zakat perdagangan, sehingga pelaksanaan zakat susu sapi perah yang mereka laksanakan tidak sesuai dengan Fiqh zakat Yusuf Qardlawi karena Yusuf Qardlawi beranggapan bahwa susu harus diperlakukan sama dengan madu, sehingga zakatnya dianalogikan dengan zakat pertanian.
Penguasaan Hak Asuh Anak di bawah Umur kepada Bapak
Authors: Hidayatul Ulya Fawzia , Hatul Lisaniyah Fashi , Mu’amaroh Mu’amaroh
Published: March 2022

Abstrak: Hadhanah adalah persoalan pemeliharaan anak/hak asuh anak. Didalam KHI Pasal 105 hufuf a menyatakan bahwa pemeliharaan anak yang belum mumayyiz atau belum berumur 12 tahun adalah hak ibunya. Kemudian didalam Pasal 156 KHI juga dijelaskan bahwa, apabila ibu meninggal dunia atau tidak memenuhi persyaratan sebagai pengasuh, maka sesuai urutan akan dikuasakan kepada garis keturunan ibu. Tetapi dalam beberapa kasus salah satunya di dalam putusan No 0830/Pdt.G/2019/PA.Dmk mengabulkan permohonan pemohon dengan menetapkan hak asuh anak dibawah umur kepada bapak,  yang dalam ini berkedudukan sebagai pemohon. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian normatif, analisis data dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis. Kesimpulan yang dapat dijelaskan dalam penelitian ini, adalah; Pasal 105 Kompilasi Hukum Islam bahwa hak asuh anak yang masih berusia dibawah 12 tahun adalah hak ibunya, tetapi ada beberapa peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia yang dapat dijadikan acuan agar hak asuh anak di bawah umur tersebut dapat dikuasakan kepada bapak kandungnya, diantaranya Pasal 41 Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974  tentang Perkawinan, Pasal 49 Undang-Undang Perkawinan mengenai permintaan pencabutan hak asuh anak oleh salah satu ataupun kedua orang tua maupun keluarga dari anak tersebut dan Pasal 14 Undang-Undang Perlindungan Anak mengenai pemisahan seorang anak dengan salah satu atau kedua orang tua.
Hak Istri dalam Rujuk Menurut Fikih Empat Mazhab dan Kompilasi Hukum Islam (Perspektif Maqasid Al-Shari’ah)
Authors: Za’im Muhibbulloh Muhammad , Niswatin Khoiroh Dewi , Rofi’ud Darojad A
Published: March 2022

Abstrak: Rujuk dalam hukum Islam sah tanpa sepengetahuan atau sepertujuan istri. Imam-imam Mazhab dalam literatur kitab fikih, semuanya sepakat bahwa tidak diperlukan izin istri dalam proses rujuk, sehingga seorang suami berhak merujuk istrinya kapan saja selama dia masih dalam masa iddah tanpa kerelaan seorang istri sedangkan dalam Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI), rujuk sah hukumnya apabila sudah mendapat izin dari istri tertuang dalam pasal 165 KHI yang bunyinya demikian “Rujuk yang dilakukan tanpa persetujuan bekas istri, dapat dinyatakan tidak sah dengan putusan Pengadilan Agama”. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian pustaka, bersifat kualitatif deskriptif analitik yang berusaha menganalisanya sehingga mendapatkan hasil yang komprehensif dan mendalam untuk mengambil kesimpulan yang selaras dengan pokok masalah menggunakan teori Maqasid al-Shari’ah. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa, izin istri diperlukan dalam rujuk agar selaras dengan tujuan-tujuan syari’ah (Maqasid al-Shari’ah): Mengatur hubungan laki-laki dan perempuan, Menjaga keturunan, Menciptakan keluarga yang sakinah, mawaddah, wa rahmah, Menjaga garis keturunan, Menjaga keberagaman dalam keluarga, Mengatur pola hubungan yang baik dalam keluarga dan  Mengatur aspek finansial keluarga.
Manajemen Membangun Keluarga Sakinah Bagi Pasangan LDM (Long Distance Marriage)
Authors: Hatul Lisaniyah Fashi , Shodiqoh Mira , Sucipto Yogi
Published: March 2022

Abstrak:  Menjadi Keluarga sakinah adalah dambaan setiap pasangan suami istri yang menjalani kehidupan rumah tangga. Hal tersebut juga tidak lepas dari keinginan pasangan yang menjalani hubungan jarak jauh atau disebut dengan Long Distance Marriage. Untuk mendapatkan keluarga sakinah memanglah tidak mudah. Dalam kehidupan rumah tangga harus bisa mengatur dan mengolah dengak baik, agar tercapai tujuan dari kebahagiaan rumah tangga tersebut. Maka diperlukan ilmu Manajemen keluarga sakinah yang harus dikuasai oleh setiap pasangan suami istri. Utamanya mereka yang menajalani hubungan jarak jauh. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian studi kepustakaan, dimana dalam penyusunan artikel ini dari buku-buku dan literatur yang berhubungan dengan kajian yang dibahas. Maka metode yang disajikan adalah deskriptif analitis. Dengan hasil penelitiannya, Keluarga Sakinah merupakan keluarga yang memberikan ketentraman agar keinginan manusia dapat tercapai lahir dan batin, dimana manajemen berinteraksi antara suami istri perkawinan jarak jauh dengan mengikuti pola komunikasi antara lain: instrumen yang digunakan ketika berkomunikasi, inisiatif dalam berkomunikasi, kesan dan pesan yang dibangun di atas komunikasi, waktu dalam berkomunikasi, motif dalam berkomunikasi, efek setelah berkomunikasi. Selain itu harus memenuhi konsep keluarga sakinah sebagai berikut, memilih kriteria calon suami atau istri dengan tepat, dalam keluarga harus ada mawaddah dan rahmah mawaddah saling mengerti antara suami-istri saling menghargai, saling menerima, saling mempercayai, saling mempercayai, suami-istri harus menjalankan kewajibanya masing-masing, suami istri harus menghindari pertikaian, hubungan antara suami istri harus atas dasar saling membutuhkan, suami istri harus menjaga aqidah yang benar suami istri harus senantiasa menjaga makanan yang halal dan suami istri harus menjaga aqidah yang benar.
“Hysterical” Mechanisms and Bodies in Max Ernst’s Collages of the 1920s and 1930s
Authors:   Institute of History of Saint Petersburg State University, Martynova D.O. ,   Center of Social Sciences and Humanities of ITMO University
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this article is to analyze the influence of the hysterical discourse on Max Ernst’s artworks of the 1920s and 1930s. The main source material for his collages was medical illustrations, which he analyzed and subsequently “appropriated” for his own artworks. Given this, various aberrations occur: borrowed sources and their meanings are not always clear, which poses a problem in the study of the presented corpus of artworks. The relevance and scientific novelty of the study are as follows: the description and introduction of the collages of the 1920s and 1930s into scientific discourse would help to clarify the semantics of not only Ernst’s early, but also his later artworks. Analyzing the collages of the 1920s and 1930s, we can conclude that Ernst’s fascination with the visual component of the hysterical discourse allowed him to engage in psychotherapy and rejecting various dogmas. As a result, the hysterical discourse is the thread that runs through all of his creative works. It can be assumed that the “hysterical” mechanism developed by Ernst also influenced one of the “performances” of the 1938 International Surrealist Exhibition: the appearance of the Enigmarelle automaton, a descendant of Frankenstein, powered by electricity. The artistic study of hysteria was continued by Ernst’s companion Dorothea Tanning, who created a series of works featuring “women in wallpaper”, inspired by the Victorian novel about a hysteria patient The Yellow Wallpaper authored by Charlotte Perkins Gilman.
Application of the Taguchi Method to Dew-point Meter Calibration
Authors:   Center for Measurement Standards/Industrial Technology Research Institute, Lin Chi-Hsuan , Hsu Wei-Hong
Published: March 2022

According to different calibration systems and characteristic of calibrated items, there are different factors influence measurement results. This paper discusses the factors that influence measurement results in dew-point meter calibration with two-pressure humidity generator measurement system at National Measurement Laboratory (NML). In this analysis, four control factors have been chosen, including the relative humidity, the flow rate of standard gas source input, the flow rate through the dew-point meter, and the waiting time before reading data from the dew-point meter. Taguchi method is used to find out the best combination of the factors and their levels. A suitable orthogonal array was selected and experiments were conducted under the different temperature. By calculating the mean square deviation (MSD) and the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio, the best combination can be found. After the experiments, the lab staff can easily find out the best combination without experimenting full factorial design, and improve the reliability of measurement effectively.
Measurement Uncertainty for Chemistry & Microbiology
Authors:   Heather Wade Group, LLC, Wade Heather
Published: March 2022

Labs making chemical and/or microbiological measurements have long been left out of the measurement uncertainty discussion at major physical metrology conferences. As a result, calculating measurement uncertainty for chemical and microbiological analysis can leave many physical metrologists scratching their heads in wonder. The rules we have learned for calculating electrical or dimensional uncertainties do not transfer as smoothly. The good news is that there are proven methods and guidance how to calculate measurement uncertainty for chemical and microbiological measurements. There is also guidance on what to do when measurement uncertainty cannot be calculated.
Dimensional Characterization and Effective Area Estimation of the 35 mm Piston/Cylinder Assembly -PG0806
Authors:   Instituto Nacional de Metrología - INM, Fernanda Gutiérrez León Yulieth
Published: March 2022

Piston/cylinder assemblies are widely used in the calibration of pressure measuring equipment whose principle of operation is to generate pressure by positioning non-standard weights which generate radial forces when compressing the fluid. The dimensional characterization of the piston/cylinder assemblies is fundamental to the realizations the pressure measurement made with piston/cylinder assemblies. There diameter, straightness and roundness measurements were made for the PG 0806 of the pressure laboratory of the INM - Colombia, both for the cylinder and the piston itself. To do this measurement the Brown & Sharpe coordinate measuring machine (CMM) of the dimensional laboratory of the INM was used. With the measuring method described, we were capable to measure the effective area with a relative uncertainty about 9.7x10-5.
O PAPEL DAS CONSULTAS PÚBLICAS NA GESTÃO DE RISCOS AMBIENTAIS: UM OLHAR AOS PROJECTOS DE PETRÓLEO E GÁS EM MOÇAMBIQUE
Authors: Conjo Manuel Pastor Francisco , António Ajosia da Lídia Basílio Muipela , Momade Arlene Atija de Fátima Cebola Lucas , Foquiço Hortência Luísa Tole Tambo , Gimo Neci da Conceição Nunes
Published: March 2022

A indústria do petróleo e gás, desenvolve uma actividade bastante complexa, que para chegar ao seu produto final, diversos riscos são gerados, dentre eles, riscos ambientais. O presente trabalho traz uma reflexão acerca da comunicação de riscos por meio de consultas públicas para a gestão de riscos ambientais, com particular enfoque para os projectos de petróleo e gás em Moçambique. O presente estudo foi realizado por meio de revisão da literatura existente sobre esta temática, e os resultados revelaram que as consultas públicas jogam um papel fundamental na gestão de riscos, uma vez que a comunicação de riscos, por meio de consultas públicas, é reforçada a participação pública nos processos de tomada de decisão, contribuindo na transparência dos processos e na recepcção aberta de opiniões públicas, aspectos fundamentais para a gestão de riscos através do envolvimento de todos os intervenientes. Mas para que as consultas públicas sejam eficazes, devem ser estruturadas para determinados grupos alvos e temáticas específicas, segundo a complexidade do projecto, e por isso recomenda-se a elaboração de instrumentos legais que orientem os processos de consultas públicas específicos para projectos de petróleo e gás offshore (no mar) e onshore (na terra).
Emballages actifs et intelligents
Authors: BENBETTAIEB Nasreddine
Published: March 2022

Les emballages actifs interagissent avec les aliments en échangeant des composés alors que les emballages intelligents informent les fabricant et consommateurs. Les différents systèmes sont décrits : absorbeurs, émetteurs de molécules gazeuses ou non volatiles, systèmes chauffants ou refroidissants, capteurs et indicateurs de changements de qualité, data logger, etc…
Compétences socioémotionnelles et apprentissages chez l’enfant
Authors: COURBET Ophélie , VILLEMONTEIX Thomas
Published: March 2022

Ce chapitre s’appuie sur des recherches récentes montrant qu’apprendre et réussir à l'école ne dépend pas uniquement des capacités intellectuelles, mais également des capacités socio-émotionnelles. L’école peut jouer un rôle dans le développement de ces compétences, à travers des programmes d’apprentissage socio-émotionnel, dont les bénéfices constituent un enjeu important pour favoriser l’apprentissage de tous les élèves, dès l’entrée à l’école maternelle.
L’humour chez le bébé : développement et enjeux dans les apprentissages
Authors: ESSEILY Rana , RAT-FISCHER Lauriane
Published: March 2022

Ce chapitre se focalise sur le développement de l’humour, sa perception et sa production pendant les premières années de vie ainsi que ses fonctions. Il fait le constat que de nombreux enseignants utilisent depuis longtemps diverses formes d’humour en classe. Les effets variés de cet usage sont présentés, tels que le renforcement du lien enseignant-élève, l’amélioration du climat éducationnel et l’amélioration des apprentissages et des mécanismes associés.
Motivation et apprentissages scolaires
Authors: CLÉMENT Evelyne , GUERRIEN Alain
Published: March 2022

Ce chapitre s’appuie sur trois approches théoriques qui fournissent un cadre solide et diversifié pour mieux comprendre la motivation scolaire, sa dynamique, ses déterminants et ses conséquences. Il souligne le rôle fondamental joué par l’enseignant dans la motivation des élèves, tel que la nature des activités qu’il propose, ou les retours qu’il procure à l’élève. Enfin, il présente des « préconisations » pour favoriser l’apprentissage par les pratiques pédagogiques.
La sagesse comme le fruit d’un apprentissage émotionnel tout au long de la vie ?
Authors: VIEILLARD Sandrine
Published: March 2022

Ce chapitre porte sur la sagesse, abordée comme étant le fruit d’un apprentissage émotionnel tout au long de la vie. Il aborde ce que recouvre le concept de sagesse dans la littérature contemporaine en psychologie en décrivant les construits mentaux qui lui sont le plus souvent associés, tels et les liens existants entre la sagesse, l’âge de l’individu et les modifications émotionnelles qui associées à l’âge.
Les politiques de population
Authors: F. MAY John
Published: March 2022

La discussion théorique porte sur le processus de réforme des politiques (le « modèle » politique adopté), la conception des politiques et leur mise en œuvre, les acteurs et les parties prenantes, les institutions politiques (nationales et internationales ou transnationales), et enfin le suivi et l'évaluation des politiques (c'est-à-dire l'impact des politiques de population). Trois exemples concrets sont présentés.
Les inégalités de genre
Authors: RABIER Serge
Published: March 2022

La santé et les droits reproductifs, loin d’être des coûts, représentent à la fois des investissements économiques profitables et des avancées anthropologiques essentielles. Les déterminants de genre sont au cœur de l’offre et de la demande éducatives en Afrique. Quelques pistes pour lever les obstacles institutionnels, économiques et sociaux à la réalisation d’un « écosystème du genre » sont évoquées.
Transferts des migrants et développement
Authors: FELD Serge
Published: March 2022

Sont d’abord présentés les volumes et les tendances des mouvements de fonds au niveau mondial depuis 1990 en identifiant les principaux pays recevant les transferts. Le chapitre passe ensuite du niveau macro-économique au niveau micro économique des ménages restés dans les pays d’origine qui reçoivent des transferts des migrants travaillant à l’étranger et quantifie les conséquences sur leur niveau de vie.
Adaptation du niveau de sécurité des applications IoT
Authors: SYLLA Tidiane , CHALOUF Mohamed-Aymen , KRIEF Francine
Published: March 2022

Les applications IoT sont sujettes à plusieurs risques liés à la sécurité et la vie privée des utilisateurs. Les approches de sécurité classiques ne sont pas adaptées à ces applications, caractérisées par leurs environnements dynamiques. Ce chapitre s’intéresse à l’adaptation dynamique du niveau de sécurité des applications IoT, basée sur la détection et l’utilisation du contexte de l’utilisateur.
Apports de la biométrie et de l’intelligence artificielle dans la sécurisation de l’IoT
Authors: SAMMOUD Amal , HAMDI Omessaad , CHALOUF Mohamed-Aymen , MONTAVONT Nicolas
Published: March 2022

Avec la croissance de l’utilisation de l’Internet des Objets dans plusieurs domaines, la protection de la vie privée de l’utilisateur doit être une priorité. Ce chapitre présente une étude de l’apport de la biométrie et de l’intelligence artificielle dans le renforcement de la sécurité des applications de l’IoT. Cette étude s’intéresse particulièrement aux approches d’authentification les plus adaptées à l’IoT.
Variability of nitrogen oxide emission fluxes and lifetimes estimated from Sentinel-5P TROPOMI observations
Authors: Lange Kezia , Richter Andreas , Burrows John P.
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Satellite observations of the high-resolution TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) on Sentinel-5 Precursor can be used to observe nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at city scales to quantify short time variability of nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions and lifetimes on a daily and seasonal basis. In this study, 2 years of TROPOMI tropospheric NO2 columns, having a spatial resolution of up to 3.5 km × 5.5 km, have been analyzed together with wind and ozone data. NOx lifetimes and emission fluxes are estimated for 50 different NOx sources comprising cities, isolated power plants, industrial regions, oil fields, and regions with a mix of sources distributed around the world. The retrieved NOx emissions are in agreement with other TROPOMI-based estimates and reproduce the variability seen in power plant stack measurements but are in general lower than the analyzed stack measurements and emission inventory results. Separation into seasons shows a clear seasonal dependence of NOx emissions with in general the highest emissions during winter, except for isolated power plants and especially sources in hot desert climates, where the opposite is found. The NOx lifetime shows a systematic latitudinal dependence with an increase in lifetime from 2 to 8 h with latitude but only a weak seasonal dependence. For most of the 50 sources including the city of Wuhan in China, a clear weekly pattern of NOx emissions is found, with weekend-to-weekday ratios of up to 0.5 but with a high variability for the different locations. During the Covid-19 lockdown period in 2020, strong reductions in the NOx emissions were observed for New Delhi, Buenos Aires, and Madrid.
Evaluation of convective cloud microphysics in numerical weather prediction models with dual-wavelength polarimetric radar observations: methods and examples
Authors: Köcher Gregor , Zinner Tobias , Knote Christoph , Tetoni Eleni , Ewald Florian , Hagen Martin
Published: March 2022

Abstract. The representation of cloud microphysical processes contributes substantially
to the uncertainty of numerical weather simulations. In part, this is owed to
some fundamental knowledge gaps in the underlying processes due to the
difficulty of observing them directly. On the path to closing these gaps, we present
a setup for the systematic characterization of differences between numerical
weather model and radar observations for convective weather situations. Radar
observations are introduced which provide targeted dual-wavelength and
polarimetric measurements of convective clouds with the potential to provide
more detailed information about hydrometeor shapes and sizes. A convection-permitting regional weather model setup is established using five different
microphysics schemes (double-moment, spectral bin (“Fast Spectral Bin
Microphysics”, FSBM), and particle property
prediction (P3)). Observations are compared to hindcasts which are created with
a polarimetric radar forward simulator for all measurement days. A
cell-tracking algorithm applied to radar and model data facilitates comparison
on a
cell object basis. Statistical comparisons of radar observations and numerical
weather model runs are presented on a data set of 30 convection days. In
general, simulations show too few weak and small-scale convective cells.
Contoured frequency by altitude diagrams of radar signatures reveal deviations
between the schemes and observations in ice and liquid phase. Apart from the P3
scheme, high reflectivities in the ice phase are simulated too frequently.
Dual-wavelength
signatures demonstrate issues of most schemes to correctly represent ice
particle size distributions, producing too large or too dense graupel particles.
Comparison of polarimetric radar signatures reveals issues of all schemes except
the FSBM to correctly represent rain particle size distributions.
Virtual strike and dip – advancing inclusive and accessible field geology
Authors: Bursztyn Natalie , Sajjadi Pejman , Riegel Hannah , Huang Jiawei , Wallgrün Jan Oliver , Zhao Jiayan , Masters Bart , Klippel Alexander
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Accessibility and inclusivity in field geology have become increasingly
important issues to address in geoscience education and have long been set
aside due to the tradition of field geology and the laborious task of making
it inclusive to all. Although a popular saying among geologists is “the
best geologists see the most rocks”, field trips cost money, time, and are
only accessible to those who are physically able to stay outside for extended periods. With the availability of 3D block diagrams, an onslaught of virtual
learning environments is becoming increasingly viable. Strike and dip is at
the core of any field geologist's education and career; learning and
practicing these skills is fundamental to making geologic maps and
understanding the regional geology of an area. In this paper, we present the Strike and Dip virtual tool (SaD) with the
objective of teaching the principles of strike and dip for geologic mapping
to introductory geology students. We embedded the SaD tool into an
introductory geology course and recruited 147 students to participate in the
study. Participants completed two maps using the SaD tool and reported on
their experiences through a questionnaire. Students generally perceived the
SaD tool positively. Furthermore, some individual differences among students
proved to be important contributing factors to their experiences and
subjective assessments of learning. When controlling for participants' past
experience with similar software, our results indicate that students highly
familiar with navigating geographical software perceived the virtual
environment of the tool to be significantly more realistic and easier to use
compared with those with lower levels of familiarity. Our results are
corroborated by a qualitative assessment of participants' feedback to two
open-ended questions, highlighting both the overall effectiveness of the SaD
tool and the effect of geographical software familiarity on measures of
experience and learning.
Social dilemmas and poor water quality in household water systems
Authors: Penny Gopal , Bolster Diogo , Müller Marc F.
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Private water supply systems consisting of a domestic well and septic system are used throughout the world where households lack access to public water supply and sewers. In residential areas with a high housing density, septic contamination of private wells is common and associated with multiple health concerns. This situation can give rise to social dilemmas, where individual costs de-incentivize homeowners from investing in enhanced septic systems that would reduce well contamination and bring communal benefits. We combine a stylized game theoretical model with a probabilistic groundwater model to characterize how economic and hydrogeological conditions interact to produce misaligned incentives conducive to social dilemmas. The occurrence of social dilemmas depends on the relative costs of well contamination versus the cost of installing an enhanced septic treatment system and the relative probabilities of cross-contamination versus self-contamination. The game reveals three types of social dilemmas that occur in such systems, with each calling for distinct policy solutions. We demonstrate how the model can be applied to existing systems, using a case study of St. Joseph County, Indiana, where high nitrate contamination rates have raised public health concerns. This analysis represents a step towards identifying alternative policy solutions for a problem that has remained difficult to address for decades.
The timing of the Ellesmerian Orogeny in Svalbard: A review
Authors: Koehl Jean-Baptiste P. , Marshall John E. A. , Lopes Gilda
Published: March 2022

Abstract. In the Late Devonian–earliest Mississippian, Svalbard was affected by a short-lived episode of deformation named the Ellesmerian (Svalbardian) Orogeny. This event resulted in intense folding and thrusting in Devonian sedimentary successions. Deformation stopped prior to the deposition of Carboniferous–Permian sedimentary strata of the Billefjorden and Gipsdalen groups, which lie unconformably over folded Devonian strata. Later on, presumed Ellesmerian structures were reworked during Eurekan tectonism in the early Cenozoic and partly eroded. At present, record of Ellesmerian deformation is only preserved in narrow N–S-trending belts in central–northern, western and southern Spitsbergen. Despite extensive field studies, the timing of the Ellesmerian Orogeny is poorly constrained, and remains a matter of debate in places because of conflicting ages and because of the complex tectonic history of Svalbard. The present contribution aims at reviewing and discussing all available age constraints for Ellesmerian tectonism in Svalbard, which has great implications for the plate tectonic reconstructions of Arctic regions and for the tectonic history of Svalbard.
Past evolution of western Europe large-scale circulation and link to precipitation trend in the northern French Alps
Authors: Blanc Antoine , Blanchet Juliette , Creutin Jean-Dominique
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Detecting trends in regional large-scale circulation (LSC) is an important challenge as LSC is a key driver of local weather conditions. In this work, we investigate the past evolution of western Europe LSC based on the 500 hPa geopotential height fields from 20CRv2c (1851–2010), ERA20C (1900–2010) and ERA5 (1950–2010) reanalyses. We focus on the evolution of large-scale circulation characteristics using three atmospheric descriptors that are based on analogy by comparing daily geopotential height fields to each other. They characterize the stationarity of geopotential shape and how well a geopotential shape is reproduced in the climatology. A non-analogy descriptor is also employed to account for the intensity of the centers of action. We then combine the four atmospheric descriptors with an existing weather pattern classification over the period 1950–2019 to study the recent changes in the two main atmospheric influences driving precipitation in the northern French Alps. They correspond to the Atlantic circulation pattern dominated by a zonal flow and the Mediterranean circulation pattern dominated by low-pressure anomalies over the near Atlantic, close to Portugal. Even though LSC characteristics and trends are consistent among the three reanalyses after 1950, we find major differences between 20CRv2c and ERA20C from 1900 to 1950 in accordance with previous studies. Notably, ERA20C produces flatter geopotential shapes in the beginning of the 20th century and shows a reinforcement of the meridional pressure gradient that is not observed in 20CRv2c. Over the period 1950–2019, we show that winter Atlantic circulations (zonal flows) tend to be shifted northward, and they become more similar to known Atlantic circulations. Mediterranean circulations tend to become more stationary, more similar to known Mediterranean circulations and associated with stronger centers of action in autumn, while an opposite behavior is observed in winter. Finally, we discuss the role of these LSC changes for seasonal and extreme precipitation in the northern French Alps. We show that these changes in LSC characteristics are linked to (a) the decreasing contribution of Mediterranean circulations to winter precipitation and (b) more circulations that are likely to generate extreme precipitation in autumn.
The Impact of Microdata in Norwegian Historiography 1970 to 2020
Authors: Sommerseth Hilde Leikny , Thorvaldsen Gunnar
Published: March 2022

The establishment of the Norwegian Historical Data Centre, the 1801 project at the University of Bergen and the data transcriptions and scanned versions of the sources in the National Archives made Norwegian microdata much more available. A more detailed description of the digital techniques applied to the wealth of censuses, church records and other types of nominative data from the 18th century onwards, will be presented in a separate article. Our main focus here is to summarize the impact of the research that has been produced based on the Norwegian historical microdata. These studies span a wide range of fields within social history and historical demography: Emigration, immigration, internal migration, fertility, nuptiality, family history and last but not least mortality studies with a priority given to infant mortality. A recent development is the building of a national historical population register covering the 19th and 20th centuries.
Architectural Design Using the Enterprise Information System Architecture Planning (EAP) Library and Archive Department of Salatiga City
Authors: Ratu Fayren G. E. Lodo , Sitokdana Melkior Nikolar Ngalumsine
Published: March 2022

The increasingly rapid rate of development of information technology's impact on human life. Both in favor of the activities of individuals or an organization. Organizations must now be able to use Information Technology or Information Systems in support of the overall business process and can become an overloaded organization in today's business competition. The research looked at the needs of the organization and the constraints that impede business processes at the Department of Libraries and Archives at Salatiga. Therefore, in this study researchers used a method of Enterprise Architecture Planning (EAP), which is the stage of planning quality data and pivot on business needs and also how the implementation of the architecture that will do efforts to vision, mission, and goals of the organization. The results of this study provide a blueprint picture related to technology, namely data architecture, application architecture, technology architecture, the implementation plan is a guideline need of Information Systems
“Kebunku” Educational Game Using Construct 2
Authors: Sari Donna Apriana , Yulianto  , Fadhliana Nisa Rizqiya
Published: March 2022

The sophistication of technology today can provide devices outside of computers, and edited into computers in the form of education. Games that have educational content are better known as educational games. This educational type game aims to provoke children's interest in learning subject matter while playing games, and is not focused on entertainment alone without any educational elements and is a fun learning tool for children aged 7-8 years of elementary school. The development of this game will use construct 2 as a means of making a game. Construct 2 uses the HTML 5 programming language and supports the development of 2-dimensional (2D) applications so that it is considered suitable for use in this game development process. The purpose of this research is to build an application for my Kebunku Educational Game using Construct 2 which is played on a computer and to learn the techniques for making a Kebunku Educational Game using construck 2 by going through three stages, namely the process of planting fruit seeds, watering fruit seeds and picking the fruit harvest. The result of making this game is my Kebunku Educational Game Application Using Construct 2.
Implementation Image Based Tracking Augmented Reality on The Promotion Brochure of Honda Matic Motorcycles
Authors: Hasan Riko Raynol , Andrea Reza , Karim Syafei
Published: March 2022

In this research is motivated by the absence of other alternatives in terms of supporting the promotion of Honda automatic motorcycles because until now the Honda dealer PT. Tunas Dwipa Matra only uses brochures as a promotional medium and this still has a shortage of potential customers who can only see the motorcycles with 2D images and cannot see every angle on the motorcycles. So in this case the customer certainly needs an application so that they can help see the visual appearance in 3D and also help them see the product in an informative manner that is directly contained in the application, with that there is a technology that can be used called Augmented Reality (AR). AR is a combination of 3D or 2D virtual objects and virtual objects that will blend into the real world. This study uses the image-based tracking method which is part of marker-based tracking where the marker is a brochure using a brochure that is readily available from the company. From this research, an Augmented Reality application for a Honda Matic motorcycles named Ar Motic will be built using the Unity application with the Vuforia Software Development Kit (SDK) for tracking brochures to display 3D objects and the Blender application that helps in making 3D models (Selvia, 2019).
Geographic Information System Clinic of Health Services In Samarinda City Web-Based
Authors: Mulyati Erna , Ramadhani Suci , Karim Syafei
Published: March 2022

Difficulties in finding clinics within a certain area often occur everywhere, so a number of clinics cannot meet the needs of the surrounding community. A health service clinic is a place of practice that is more than one general practitioner or specialist who works in health services. The purpose of this study is to create a web-based Geographic Information System (WebGis) regarding the distribution of clinics, especially in Samarinda City. The benefits of WebGis can present the location and information about the clinic. The search field can also search for information based on the expertise of doctors, in the form of general practitioners or specialists.
Information Technology Enterprise Architecture Planning in the National and Political Unity Agency “KESBANGPOL” of Salatiga City Using Enterprise Architecture Planning (EAP)
Authors: Warint Chevin Robert , Rahardja Yani , Sitokdana Melkior N. N
Published: March 2022

The National and Political Unity Agency "KESBANGPOL" of Salatiga City is a government agency tasked with overseeing community activities in Salatiga City. In designing the information system architecture of the National Unity and Political Body "KESBANGPOL" of Salatiga City, the Enterprise Architecture Planning "EAP" methodology is used. Enterprise Architecture Planning "EAP" is a tool developed to build an enterprise architecture that harmonizes the three types of architecture in its development, namely data architecture, application architecture, and technology architecture. Based on this research it was found that there was no adequate administrative information system. The condition of the computer network owned by The National and Political Unity Agency "KESBANGPOL" has 1 internet-connected to 1 server. 1 The server is connected to 2 Routers, where 2 Routers are connected to 23 PC Servers and also connected to 20 printers. Based on the application system architecture, the mapping process of infrastructure components can be carried out. These infrastructure facilities are still inadequate for The National and Political Unity Agency "KESBANGPOL" with community service activities in Salatiga City which are very dense, so it is necessary to add computer and PC networks in order to facilitate service activities.
Implementation of Random Shuffle Algorithm In "Hangbit" Education Games
Authors: Yusnita Amelia , Pahruddin Pajar , Aprillita Theana Dwi
Published: March 2022

Learning Media for Carnivorous Animals, Herbivorous Animals, Omnivorous Animals with PC-based Problem Randomization, an application designed to help students understand the introduction of carnivorous, herbivorous and omnivorous animals. The purpose of this study was to assist teachers in teaching lessons on introduction to carnivores, herbivores and omnivores, which consisted of animation, sound and text. This application was built using SwishMax4 and with the Shuffle Random Algorithm on learning questions so that it does not become a monotonous and predictable game. This study produces a multimedia application for learning advice on the introduction of carnivorous, herbivorous and omnivorous animals, so this learning medium is for children aged 7-10 years. The results of the study were tested on students of SD Negeri 010 Samarinda City by demonstrating the program and trying its application. The results of the making of this learning media are .Swf.