bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mathematical modeling in systems of design patterns
Authors: Журенков Олег Викторович
Published: August 2020

Анализ состояния рынка САПР для лёгкой промышленности и программного обеспечения, доступного для предприятий малого бизнеса и индивидуальных предпринимателей в этой отрасли, показывает недостаточное обеспечение информационными технологиями этого сегмента. Для рассмотренной модели типового бизнес-процесса изготовления лекал выявлены минимальные требования к программному обеспечению для малых предприятий, занятых индивидуальным пошивом.

Описан минимальный перечень графических примитивов и операций, используемых для конструирования основы и моделирования лекал. Построенные с помощью этих примитивов объекты зависят от предварительно заданных размерных параметров. Сохранение в графический файл открытого формата позволяет использовать для дальнейшего моделирования свободные векторные графические редакторы. Для большего удобства пользователя базовый набор графических примитивов дополнен набором операций аффинного преобразования построенных объектов. В результате сформулированы требования для построения автоматизированного рабочего места модельера-конструктора. Описанные требования к математической модели и принципам преобразования объектов составляют основу будущей подсистемы конструирования и моделирования, пригодной для любой используемой ныне методики.
DFT Calculations Investigate Competing Pathways to Form Dimeric Neopentylpalladium(II) Amido Complexes
Authors: Jiang Quan , Cundari Thomas
Published: August 2020

Computational methods were utilized to study the formation of a dimeric neopentylpalladium(II) amido complex (D). The dimeric core of D contains asymmetric bridging of the anilide groups. Electron density analyses indicate that each palladium center of D forms a dative bond to the nitrogen trans to the coordinated phosphine, while the bond to the nitrogen cis to the phosphine lies closer to the covalent regime. Analysis of the structure of D was corroborated by study of the frontier orbitals and the energetics of dimerization. D was likely generated by the monomers with cis P,N configuration rather than those with trans P,N configuration, which is an important side reaction that inhibits the desired C–N bond coupling. Calculations further revealed the critical importance of dispersion interactions upon dimerization and suggested one possible dimeric isomer Q.
Benchmark Assessment of Molecular Geometries and Energies from Small Molecule Force Fields
Authors: Lim Victoria T. , Hahn David F. , Tresadern Gary , Bayly Christopher I. , Mobley David
Published: August 2020

Force fields are used in a wide variety of contexts for classical molecular simulation, including studies on protein-ligand binding, membrane permeation, and thermophysical property prediction. The quality of these studies relies on the quality of the force fields used to represent the systems. Focusing on small molecules of fewer than 50 heavy atoms, our aim in this work is to compare nine force fields: GAFF, GAFF2, MMFF94, MMFF94S, OPLS3e, SMIRNOFF99Frosst, and the Open Force Field Parsley, versions 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2. On a dataset comprising 22,675 molecular structures of 3,271 molecules, we analyzed force field-optimized geometries and conformer energies compared these to reference quantum mechanical (QM) data. We show that while OPLS3e performs best, the latest Open Force Field Parsley release is approaching a comparable level of accuracy in reproducing QM geometries and energetics for this set of molecules. Meanwhile, the performance of established force fields such as MMFF94s and GAFF2 is generally somewhat worse. We also find that the series of recent Open Force Field versions provide significant increases in accuracy. Our molecule set and results are available for other researchers to use in testing.
Understanding the pathogen evolution and transmission prevention measures: Recent findings on molecular interventions towards COVID-19 therapeutics via hints from the past
Authors: Vinusha H M  , Chandan Shivamallu  , Shashanka K Prasad  , Muneera Begum  , Gopinath S M  , Chandrashekar Srinivasa  , Latha K Chennabasappa  , Navya Shree B  , Shiva Prasad Kollur  , Veena Malligere Ankegowda  , Balasubramanian S
Published: August 2020

The novel pandemic has spread over in 150 countries as of March 2020. Approximately 900,000 people have been infected so far (WHO). Preventive measures are been taken globally to contain the rapid spread of virus. Compared to 2002 SARS epidemic, COVID-19 is apparently less lethal but far more contagious as it spreads more easily among individuals. This review highlights ongoing progress in figuring out the structure of major proteins designing vaccines and therapeutics to combat COVID-19 while also concentrating on developing preventive steps to avoid the emerging infection of viruses.
A Review: Coronavirus, Its Types, And Impact of COVID-19 on Global Wealth
Authors: Ashish B. Budhrani
Published: August 2020

The virus can multiply itself and their genetic code mostly includes either RNA or DNA. In many different ways, the various types of viral species are spread. For examples, Human immunodeficiency virus is transferred through body fluids, plant viruses are transferred from plant to plant by insects and other organisms, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome virus transmitted by humans and animals, COVID-19 is a respiratory virus that transmitted mainly through direct contact with an infected individual by respiratory droplets when the infected person coughs or sneezes, or by saliva droplets or nose discharge. are the viruses that belong to the class and subclass , order . Some human infections are mild, but Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) human transmission from animals to humans, have caused more than ten thousand cumulative cases in the past two decades. And now a novel namely known as COVID-19 is a unique strain which has notbeen previously recognized in humans emerged as the most important global health threats. this study aims to assess the awareness of this COVID-19 among the general public and to provide basic information such as signs and symptoms, origin, diagnostic method, treatment, prevention recommended by WHO and impact of COVID-19 on global wealth. Global stock exchange has a drop-down rapidly as stock investors continue to worry about the broader economic effects of the COVID-19.
Factors affecting waterfowl hunting and harvest at the Evros delta, Greece
Authors: Kazantzidis Savas , Astaras Christos , Vasiliadis Ioakim , Makrygianni Eleni , Ilias Vassilis , Spyroglou Gavriil
Published: August 2020

The Evros delta is one of the most important wetlands for wintering waterfowl in Greece and the most popular among waterfowl hunters. This study addresses hunting activity and harvest while also investigating the relationship between weather conditions and hunting activity to suggest ways of improving waterfowl management. We counted wintering waterfowl and hunter numbers, and conducted hunter bag surveys during December–February over four hunting seasons. We calculated a 10-day goose and duck Preferential Shooting Index (PSI), which is the ratio of observed number of shot birds to the number of birds expected to have been shot if the birds were shot in proportion to their availability. Common Teal, Mallard and Greater White-fronted Goose were the most abundant species both in the field and in hunter bags. The mean number of hunters/day was 99.9, with each one shooting on average 2.5 birds/day. The overall waterfowl harvested accounted for 1.3% of the total waterfowl population. For geese this proportion was six times higher (8.7%), while for ducks alone and protected species was 1.2% and 1.4% respectively. Geese were shot more often than expected (PSI 6.55), while ducks and protected species were shot according to their availability (PSI 0.86 and 1.02, respectively). Wind speed, precipitation and geese number in the field were the best predictors of overall harvest and number of hunters. To reduce goose overshooting and the probability of protected species being accidentally shot, we suggest habitat management actions for the geese feeding areas and hunters’ awareness raising.
Artificial Intelligence Algorithms for the Analysis of Mechanical Property of Friction Stir Welded Joints by using Python Programming
Authors: MISHRA AKSHANSH
Published: August 2020

In modern computational science, the interplay existing between machine learning and optimization process marks the most vital developments. Optimization plays an important role in mechanical industries because it leads to reduce in material cost, time consumption and increase in production rate. The recent work focuses on performing the optimization task on Friction Stir Welding process for obtaining the maximum Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) of the friction stir welded joints. Two machine learning algorithms i.e. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Decision Trees regression model are selected for the purpose. The input variables are Tool Rotational Speed (RPM), Tool Traverse Speed (mm/min) and Axial Force (KN) while the output variable is Ultimate Tensile Strength (MPa). It is observed that in case of the Artificial Neural Networks the Root Mean Square Errors for training and testing sets are 0.842 and 0.808 respectively while in case of Decision Trees regression model, the training and testing sets result Root Mean Square Errors of 11.72 and 14.61. So, it can be concluded that ANN algorithm gives better and accurate result than Decision Tree regression algorithm.
The right to work and rights at work
Authors: Reilly Amanda
Published: August 2020

No description supplied
OBTENCIÓN DE QUITINA A PARTIR DEL EXOESQUELETO DE CAMARÓN (Litopenaeus vannamei) COMO COAGULANTE – FLOCULANTE EN AGUAS DE BAJA TURBIDEZ
Authors: Rosero José , Suárez Martha , Mora Stephanie , Achig Bryan , Chamba Adriana , Anrango Alex
Published: August 2020

Se obtuvo quitina a partir del exoesqueleto de camarón, con un rendimiento del 27,5 %, identificándose los valores promedio para desmineralización y desproteinización 97,80 ± 3,13 % (p/p) y 32,18 ± 0,14 % (p/p), respectivamente. El biopolímero obtenido se caracterizó por espectroscopia infrarroja con la presencia de bandas de estiramiento de los enlaces –OH a 3386 cm-1, –NH a 3124 cm-1, –C=O a 1644 cm-1 además de las absorciones características de enlaces –Csp3H de la cadena carbonada, mismas que coinciden con la estructura de la unidad repetitiva del biopolímero.  La quitina se obtuvo como un sólido de color blanco en forma de láminas, insoluble en agua y en ácidos diluidos, soluble en ácido clorhídrico concentrado y con un peso molecular de 202,978±1.235 g/mol. El polímero, se comporta como coagulante–floculante de sólidos suspendidos en agua, produciendo reducción en los niveles de turbidez. Con concentraciones experimentales entre 0,15 – 0,45 ppm de quitina, se observan descensos en la turbidez que de acuerdo a los correspondientes cálculos teóricos se encuentran entre 7,55 – 50,27 %; obteniéndose el valor máximo de 55,84 % en el descenso de turbidez con 0,37 ppm de quitina. Así, este biopolímero se comporta como coagulante–floculante y produce reducción en los niveles de turbidez, esta característica lo convierte en una alternativa válida para disminuir el uso de compuestos de probada toxicidad en el tratamiento de aguas superficiales para consumo humano.
USO ETNOBOTÁNICO Y PRINCIPIOS ACTIVOS DE Monnina crassifolia KUNTH; POLYGALACEAE
Authors: Hidalgo Paúl , López María , Mera Moraima , Cañamar Luz , Malagón Omar
Published: August 2020

Ecuador es uno de los países con mayor diversidad biológica y cultural, la etnobotánica representa una aproximación al uso y manejo de los recursos naturales; los usos medicinales juntamente con el alimenticio juegan un papel primordial en el bienestar de la población rural. Los estudios etnobotánicos ayudan a identificar, cómo se relacionan e influyen las plantas en el desarrollo de las culturas, tal es el caso de la Comunidad de Angochagua en donde se utiliza la medicina ancestral como un modo de vida. El objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer el índice de valor de uso, conocimiento relativo de la especie y el nivel de uso significativo de las especies botánicas en las comunidades de Angochagua, Provincia de Imbabura. Una vez establecida la especie más vulnerable en cuanto a la pérdida del uso ancestral Monnina crassifolia Kunth, se utilizaron técnicas cromatográficas para el aislamiento e identificación  de los metabolitos secundarios teniendo como resultado una posible saponina triterpenoídica esterificada con ácido benzoico.  Las sustancias aisladas fueron probadas frente a bacterias Gram + y Gram –, al igual que frente a los sistemas enzimáticos MAO-A y MAO-B sin mostrar una actividad biológica significativa.
ADSORCIÓN DE TRIAZINAS POR QUITOSANA OBTENIDA DE RESIDUOS DE CAMARÓN EMPLEANDO UNA MEZCLA DE CLORURO DE CALCIO/METANOL/AGUA COMO DISOLVENTE
Authors: Borja-Urzola Aranys , Bernal-González Marisela , García-Gómez Rolando , Flores-Ortega Ronny , Durán-Domínguez-de-Bazúa María
Published: August 2020

En este estudio se evaluó la capacidad de adsorción de la quitosana obtenida de residuos de camarón previamente caracterizada frente a herbicidas de la familia de las triazinas. La extracción de quitina y la obtención de quitosana se realizó empleando: un disolvente patentado por la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, el disolvente MAC-141© (este disolvente es una mezcla estequiométrica de 1 mol de metanol, 4 moles de agua y 1 mol de cloruro de calcio), ultrasonido y temperatura. La caracterización del compuesto final se realizó por análisis elemental, espectroscopía infrarroja, microscopía electrónica de barrido, análisis termogravimétrico y resonancia magnética nuclear. El uso del disolvente MAC-141©, permitió obtener quitosana con un porcentaje de desacetilación en un rango del 40-44 %, mientras que la caracterización química mostró que se obtuvo un sólido estable a temperaturas inferiores a los 280 °C, con poros en la superficie. La quitosana adsorbió las triazinas disueltas en agua a un pH de 3,6 y concentraciones cercanas a 1 mg/L.
NANOTECNOLOGÍA APLICADA EN MATERIALES REFRACTARIOS: UNA REVISIÓN
Authors: Carrión V. Marco Vinicio , Pilaquinga F. Fernanda
Published: August 2020

Los materiales refractarios son de gran importancia para la humanidad, debido a su capacidad de resistir altas temperaturas. Son empleados en la industria del cemento, cerámica, vidrio, metalúrgica, siderúrgica y petroquímica. La mayor preocupación a nivel industrial, es que los materiales refractarios son sometidos a varios mecanismos de desgaste durante el proceso de producción, tales como: ataque químico, mecánico, termomecánico y carga térmica. Si el material no cuenta con las propiedades adecuadas, su durabilidad se verá afectada, y por ende los costos de producción. En este sentido la combinación de los nanomateriales, se convierte en una importante alternativa para mejorar las propiedades de los materiales refractarios, proporcionándoles mejor densidad, baja porosidad, resistencia a la erosión, baja conductividad térmica, entre otras.  El presente artículo realiza una revisión de varios trabajos de investigación, acerca de la evolución de los nanomateriales aplicados a los materiales refractarios, entre los que se mencionan el uso de grafeno, dióxido de titanio, óxido férrico, magnesia, zirconia, alúmina y sílice, para mejorar las propiedades físicas de los materiales refractarios. De manera general, los estudios demuestran que el uso de los nanomateriales, provee a los materiales refractarios mejores propiedades, en rangos de concentración específicos. Sin embargo, todos los estudios han sido realizados a nivel de laboratorio, por lo que sería promisorio su uso a nivel industrial.
Biological control of slugs with the rhabditid nematode Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita
Authors: Cóndor Golec Aní­bal Franco
Published: August 2020

This literature review is based on the biological control of slugs using the nematode Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita. It describe the effectiveness and mode of action according to its environment. Also the method of application and doses, compared to chemical molluscicides and the  study of the bacteria associated to the nematode. P. hermaphrodita seems to prefer soil moisture and infect young slugs of the Deroceras species. Partial nematode applications are less expensive and should be done in slug resting áreas.There are other nematodes species for slug control but with no effectiveness. More research is still needed to prove when nematode P. hermaphrodita's action stage is, because it has not been so effective for the control of many other slug species.
Sexualidad en personas con enfermedades mentales en Ecuador: una revisión de la literatura
Authors: Ocampo Alvarado Juan Carlos , Ashby Juan Andrés
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: Reunir, describir y analizar los resultados de los estudios publicados sobre cualquier aspecto de la sexualidad de personas con enfermedades mentales en Ecuador. Metodologí­a: Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos Lilacs, Redalyc, SciELO, SCOPUS y Red de Repositorios de Acceso Abierto del Ecuador sin establecer restricciones según el año de publicación, idioma o tipo de investigación. Además, se revisaron manualmente las referencias de los documentos preseleccionados por otras investigaciones relevantes. Resultados: La búsqueda de la literatura generó 448 registros de los cuales 5 investigaciones fueron revisadas en su totalidad. En la revisión final se incluyeron dos artí­culos. Conclusión: Pese a la importancia de la temática, esta ha sido gravemente desatendida en Ecuador por una multitud de factores. Atendiendo a las limitaciones de los estudios incluidos en la revisión, no es posible brindar un diagnóstico apropiado de la problemática ni extraer deducciones lí­citas. Se requiere mayor investigación para poder arribar a soluciones adaptadas al contexto y eficaces que procuren un mayor bienestar al individuo.
Determinación Computacional de la Afinidad y Eficiencia de Enlace de Antinflamatorios No Esteroideos Inhibidores de la Ciclooxigenasa-2
Authors: Meneses Lorena , Cuesta Sebastián
Published: August 2020

El presente es un estudio computacional de la interacción de diferentes antinflamatorios no esteroideos con la enzima Ciclooxigenasa 2 (COX-2). El objetivo fue determinar la afinidad con la cual los inhibidores estudiados se enlazan con el sitio activo de la enzima y calcular la eficiencia de enlace de los mismos. Además, comprobar la aplicabilidad de los métodos de acoplamiento molecular, en la determinación de moléculas prometedoras, que aceleren los estudios de descubrimiento de nuevos fármacos. Se utilizaron métodos de dinámica molecular, para modelar las interacciones entre la enzima COX-2 y los sustratos celecoxib, diclofenaco, etoricoxib, indometacina, ibuprofeno, meloxicam y naproxeno, por medio del programa Autodock VINA. Los resultados muestran que la molécula que posee una mayor afinidad con la COX-2 es el celecoxib, con una energía de enlace de -10.8 kcal/mol y una constante de equilibrio Ki de 1.21x10-8 M. El ibuprofeno y el naproxeno son las moléculas con mayor eficiencia de enlace, con un valor mayor a -0.48 kcal/mol/átomos (no hidrógeno). Esto demuestra que una molécula que tiene una buena afinidad, no necesariamente debe tener una buena eficiencia de enlace. Estos valores dan una pauta para poder elegir la mejor molécula para inhibir la enzima COX-2 y en casos de descubrimiento de fármacos, la molécula idónea para invertir en su mejoramiento y optimización, para convertirla en un fármaco aprobado.
Redescubrimiento de Sigmodon inopinatus (Rodentia: Cricetidae) en los Andes occidentales de la provincia de Tungurahua, Ecuador
Authors: Tirira Diego G. , Vallejo Vargas Andrea
Published: August 2020

Sigmodon inopinatus es una especie endémica de los Andes occidentales del Ecuador y es unos de los roedores más raros y menos conocidos del país. Su presencia ha sido documentada previamente en tres localidades de dos zonas de las provincias de Chimborazo y Azuay. La presente nota científica reporta una cuarta localidad para la especie luego de 30 años del último hallazgo (y a 92 años del primero) y extiende su rango de distribución conocida en 33 kilómetros al norte. Este también es el primer reporte para la especie fuera de un área protegida y en una zona medianamente intervenida. Se comenta sobre la abundancia y conservación de la especie.
Nidos de Pholidobolus montium en un área intervenida de Mulaló, Cotopaxi-Ecuador
Authors: Ramírez-Jaramillo Salomón
Published: August 2020

Durante 13 meses, entre septiembre del 2012 y 2013 se realizaron inspecciones a dos nidos de Pholidobolus montium, una lagartija endémica de los Andes, en una zona de intervención antrópica fuertemente agrícola. Se realizaron 6 réplicas de observación, y conteo de los huevos depositados debajo de 2 objetos en un área de 2m2. Se registraron 69 huevos, la mayor frecuencia de puestas se observó durante los meses de septiembre, mientras que en mayo y julio no se hallaron puestas. En el seguimiento de los nidos se capturaron 17 individuos, obteniendo datos de LRC en adultos y juveniles. La densidad fue de 8 individuos/m2 y septiembre fue el mes de mayor abundancia. Uno de los individuos capturados pertenece a P. affinis cuya simpatría se confirma en la zona. También se hallaron dos hembras grávidas, una de ellas depositó dos huevos. Adicionalmente se registraron dos individuos con malformación, uno de ellos con el carpo atrofiado.
Morfologí­a comparativa del corión del huevo de Symmetrischema tangolias (Gyen 1913) y Tecia solanivora (Povolny 1973), polillas del cultivo de Solanum tuberosum
Authors: Martí­nez G. Carolina , Soria Carlos A. , León V. Rubén
Published: August 2020

La técnica de microscopí­a electrónica de barrido (SEM) fue utilizada para estudiar la estructura externa coriónica de los huevos de la polilla de la papa: Symmetrischema tangolias y Tecia solanivora (Lepidóptera: Gelechiidae). Mediante este estudio, se observó diferencias marcadas en la reticulación de los coriones de ambas especies; se reportó el número de aerópilos y micrópilos por huevo, se describió y diferenció las caracterí­sticas superficiales de estas estructuras. Con el uso del microscopio confocal se determinó el tamaño de los ejes mayor y menor, y se propuso un modelo matemático estocástico que identificó a los huevos de cada una de estas especies; usando estos valores se calculó la superficie y el volumen de los huevos de T. solanivora, los cuales resultaron ser más grandes que los de S. tangolias.
Слабые взаимодействия в диметиланилине и его производных
Authors: Русакова Н.П. , Туровцев В.В. , Орлов Ю.Д.
Published: August 2020

Проведено сравнение распределения электронной плотности N,N-диметиланилина и трех паразамещенных соединений, а также двух ортозамещенных соединений бензойной кислоты: 2-[4-[(диметиламино)-фенил]диазенил]бензойной кислоты (метилового красного) и бензола. В рамках «квантовой теории атомов в молекулах» (QTAIM) рассмотрены внутримолекулярные слабые взаимодействия C⋯H, H⋯H и О⋯N и образуемые ими циклы. Найдены характеристики QTAIM связей в критических точках. Оценена устойчивость циклов и показана относительная устойчивость C⋯H и О⋯N в метиловом красном, стабилизирующих пространственную конфигурацию молекул.
Строение ионов и энергия процессов их образования в насыщенном паре трис-дипивалоилметаната алюминия при ионизации электронами
Authors: Гиричев Г.В. , Гиричева Н.И.
Published: August 2020

С использованием квантово-химического метода DFT/B3LYP изучено геометрическое и электронное строение ионов, образующихся в масс-спектре при ионизации электронами молекулярных форм в паре трис-дипивалоилметаната алюминия, Al(C11H19O2)3, Al(dpm)3. Показано, что при диссоциативной ионизации молекулярной формы AlL3 (L = dpm) наиболее выгодными энергетически являются процессы, связанные с отрывом радикалов СН3•, t-Bu• и анионной формы лиганда dpm–. Установлено, что при образовании ионов [AlL3—t-Bu]+, [AlL3—2t-Bu]+ и [AlL3—6t-Bu]+ происходит раскрытие одного хелатного цикла, в результате чего в их структуре оказывается один монодентатный и два бидентатных лиганда. В ионах состава [AlL2]+, [AlL2—CH3]+, [AlL2—2CH3]+, [AlL2—4CH3]+ и [AlL2—2t-Bu—CH3]+ остовы двух бидентатных лигандов расположены во взаимно перпендикулярных плоскостях. Рассчитаны энергии реакций, в результате которых может быть образован тот или иной ион. Рассмотрены энергии граничных орбиталей ионов и установлены причины высокой интенсивности тока иона [AlL2]+. Детальное рассмотрение ионов в масс-спектре трис-дипивалоилметаната алюминия как типичного представителя трис-β-дикетонатных комплексов, выявило ряд особенностей структуры подобных ионов, позволяющих предсказывать таковую в масс-спектрах многочисленных аналогичных комплексов типа ML3.
Квантово-химическое подтверждение фундаментального различия в гидратации и ионообменной селективности ионов натрия и калия на карбоксильных и сульфостирольных катионитах
Authors: Солдатов В.С. , Косандрович Е.Г. , Безъязычная Т.В.
Published: August 2020

Структурные и электронные характеристики молекулярных моделей набухших катионитов полиакрилового и сульфостирольного типа в натриевой и калиевой ионных формах рассчитаны неэмпирическим методом HF/basis set с использованием базиса MINI Huzi­naga и программного пакета Firefly. Полученные результаты сопоставлены с такими же данными для кластеров молекул воды соизмеримого размера. Молекулярные модели включали четыре и две мономерные единицы соответствующих полимеров с десятью молекулами воды на функциональную группу; кластеры воды содержали 20 и 40 молекул. получены следующие характеристики модельной структуры: число и тип ближайших соседей катионов и молекул воды; расстояния между взаимодействующими ионами и атомами; порядок межионных и ион-молекулярных связей; распределение молекул воды в кластерах по энергии связи; распределение водородных связей по числу и длине, а также количество и характер связей RCO2–⋯I+, RSO3–⋯I+ и H2O⋯I+. Длина водородных связей и общее число межмолекулярных и ион-молекулярных связей на молекулу воды в кластерах воды и в молекулярных моделях ионитов в ионных формах Na+ и K+ оказались одинаковыми. Первый координационный слой вокруг обоих ионов заполнен атомами кислорода молекул воды и фиксированных анионов. Координационные числа Na+ и K+ оказались практически такими же, как и в водных растворах. Из результатов расчетов следует, что прямое взаимодействие Na+ и K+ с фиксированными анионными группами обусловливает разницу в их ионообменной селективности на карбоксильных и сульфостирольных ионитах. Ион Na+ образует прямые химические связи с фиксированным карбоксилатным анионом, имеющие заметную долю ковалентности. Ион K+ — длинные электростатические связи с карбоксилатной группой. Это объясняет более высокую селективность Na+ по сравнению с K+ на карбоксильных ионитах. K+ образует длинные прямые электростатические связи с фиксированным сульфонат-анионом, а у Na+ нет прямых связей с сульфогруппой из-за его сильной гидратации. Это объясняет более высокую селективность K+ по сравнению с Na+ на сульфостирольных смолах.
Строение Pd-органического парамагнетика
Authors: Романенко Г.В. , Фокин С.В. , Богомяков А.С. , Овчаренко В.И.
Published: August 2020

Взаимодействием 2-бромо-4,4,5,5-тетраметил-2-имидазолин-3-оксид-1-оксила (NN—Br) с тетракис(трифенилфосфин)палладием(0) синтезировано новое парамагнитное палладийорганическое соединение [Pd(NN)(PPh3)2Br], строение которого в виде сольвата с тетрагидрофураном определено методом рентгеноструктурного анализа. Полученные данные позволили предположить, что эффективное экранирование фенильными кольцами связи Pd—C дезактивирует соединение в реакции кросс-сочетания с арилгалогенидами и обусловливает его высокую кинетическую устойчивость в обычных условиях. Магнетохимические исследования показали наличие слабых обменных взаимодействий антиферромагнитного характера между спинами парамагнитных [Pd(NN)(PPh3)2Br].
Peran Kepala Sekolah dalam Pembetukan Karakter Siswa melalui Business Day School di SDITAl-Huda Sangkapura
Authors: Defi Dachlian Nurdiana
Published: August 2020

Kepala sekolah merupakan tenaga fungsional yang diberikan wewenang dankepercayaan dari lembaga pendidikan tertentu untuk merencanakan, mengatur,mengontrol, dan mengevaluasi segala kebijakan-kebijakan yang ada dilembaga pendidikan tersebut demi tercapainya visi dan misi. Fokus penelitianini adalah mengkaji peran kepala sekolah dalam pembentukan karakte siswamelalui business day school di SDIT Al-Huda Sangkapura. Penelitian iniadalah kualitatif studi kasus dengan pengambilan data secara observasi,wawancara, serta dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa: (1)kepala sekolah senantiasa mengevaluasi aktifitas yang ada di SDIT Al-Hudadengan cara mengadakan rapat di setiap akhir pekan beserta dewan gurumempertimbangkan kelanjutan dan meningkatkan kualitas program businessday school menjadi program unggulan di SDIT Al-Huda. (2) dengan programbusiness day school siswa belajar kewirausahaan, kemandirian, aritmatika,percaya diri dan komunikatif.
Konsep Model Problem Based Learning pada Pembelajaran IPS dalam Melatih Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa
Authors: Ahmad Yunus  , Khoirul Inayah  , Durrotun Nafisah
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran konseptual tentang modelpembelajaran problem based learning dalam melatih kemampuan berpikirkristis siswa. Pendidikan IPS pada hakikatnya mempelajari manusia sebagaimakhluk sosial dalam kehidupannya.Sebagai bagian dari proses pembelajaran,konsep problem based learning hadir melatih siswa untuk merangsang rasaingin tahu, sehingga akhirnya mampu menstimulus siswa untuk berfikir kritis.Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu studi literaturyang berkaitan dengan hasil penelitian-penelitian terdahulu. Kesimpulan darihasil penelitian yang menjadi acuan pada penelitian ini adalah problem basedlearning (PBL) dapat meningkatkan kemampuan kreatif siswa. Metodepengujian menggunakan studi kasus permasalahan lingkungan di sekitarsiswa.Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan pembelajaran berbasis masalahberpengaruh positif terhadap kemampuan berfikir kreatif.
INVESTIGATION OF STUDENTS’ PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS ON ACITIVITY BASED LEARNING IN MATHEMATICS: A CASE STUDY IN SRI LANKA
Authors: Wijethunga WWMRGKSB , Chandrasena WD
Published: August 2020

Mathematics is the foundation of Science and Technology. The people cannot apart from mathematics in day to day life. Thus being “mathematically literate” will no longer be just an advantage but an absolute necessity. Despite the interest towards mathematics of school students is particularly low. It shows the poor performance of students in G.C.E. (O/L) examination. This study examines the students’ self-concepts and motivation as factors that may influence students’ performance and aspirations on Activity Based Learning (ABL) of mathematics in Sri Lanka. The results clearly indicate that ABL has developed students’ self-concepts, motivation, aspirations and performance.
EMPOWERMENT OF BOGA TEACHER EMPOWERMENT MANAGEMENT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SANTRI ENTREPRENEURS IN THE PESANTREN NURUL IMAN, THE MUARA JAMBI DISTRICT, JAMBI PROVINSI
Authors: S.M H. Muntholib , Maisah  , Komariah Nur
Published: August 2020

Tata Boga is one of the entrepreneurship of students at Nurul Iman Islamic Boarding School which aims to equip students with entrepreneurial science in cooking. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. By using the method of observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis uses the Miles and Huberman models, while the data validity technique uses triangulation. The results of the study were: The leadership of the Islamic boarding school planned the facilities and infrastructure before identifying the teacher, delegating the task of teaching cooking to qualified teachers, and giving curriculum autonomy, scheduling schedules and funding. In organizing activities, the head of the lodge places himself as a supervisor, and instructs the principal as the supervisor and person in charge, the chairman of the entrepreneurial coordinator as the driver, and the teacher as the implementer. In the implementation activities the leader instructs the principal so that the teacher prepares the syllabus and lesson plan, optimizes himself / herself to become a counselor and instructor, completes the class administration, and develops evaluation of learning. The supervisory activities include direct supervision by looking directly at the implementation of indirect learning and supervision activities by looking through curriculum documents.
LOCAL SEARCH OPTIMIZATION: A COMPARISON OF ALGORITHMS FOR NONHYPERBOLIC TRAVEL-TIME ANALYSIS
Authors: Flores Zuniga Nelson Ricardo
Published: August 2020

In the last decade, many works compared nonhyperbolic multiparametric travel-time approximations to perform velocity analysis. In these works, some analyses were accomplished, such as accuracy analysis and objective function analysis. However, no previous works compared the optimization algorithms to perform the inversion procedure concerning the processing time and the accuracy of each algorithm. As the shifted hyperbola showed the best results among the unimodal approximations in previous works, it was selected to be used in a comparison with five local search optimization algorithms. Each algorithm was compared concerning the accuracy by the minimization of the calculated curve to the observed curve. The travel-time curves tested here are conventional (PP) and converted wave (PS) reflection events from an offshore model. With this set of tests, it is possible to define which optimization algorithm presents the most reliable result when used with the shifted hyperbola equation concerning the processing time and the accuracy.
A SOCIAL-CAPITALIST VIEW ON CORPORATE GOVERNANCE A NEW POST-MODERN PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Avny Amos
Published: August 2020

After defining the issue, the essay explores some aspects of the current Corporate Governance: Weaknesses of traditional Corporations, containing: 1. Lack of vision and goals, 2. Too-Formalistic Management Style, 3. Minimal care for Social Affairs, and 4. Doubtful stands on Environment Protection. Further, desired characteristics of future corporation are detailed: 1. Adopting updated and advanced Managing Methods, 2. Endorsing Capital-Labor balanced relations, 3. Improving Compliance with Food & Health demands and 4. Enacting updated Command and Control practices. Finally, some of the implementation problems are discussed. In general, the Author points out that the meaningful transformation of the 21st Century - the move from the Modern to the Post-modern Order - also forces the Corporate Governance to change. It should be upgraded from the former, formal setup, responsible only to its shareholders into a much more transparent and trustful system, responsible to a broader body of stakeholders. As faster such a transformation will be, so better and more fruitful it will be, for the corporation and its owners.
INTRODUCING IN VITRO EXPERIMENTS OF OXYGEN BUBBLES SHOCKWAVES TRIGGERING INTRACELLULAR LIPIDS LUMINESCENCE: IMPLICATIONS IN CANCER ETIOLOGY
Authors: A. Abraham
Published: August 2020

Background The main purpose of this manuscript is to introduce a mechanism supporting a previously hypothesized factor in cancer origin, where endogenous energy emission during cell respiration was identified as additional factor in cancer origin. Recent published reports identify the pressure profile of shockwaves as causing lipid droplets membrane deformation. Lipid metabolism has been highlighted to have a key role in cancer metabolism, and metastasis; for example, several publications have suggested targeting lipid metabolism of cancer cells as a strategy to control metastasis. New studies have revealed that lipid layers are responsible for the storage and discharge of static electricity. This manuscript introduces shockwaves from oxygen bubbles bursts as a mechanism causing intracellular lipids discharge or static electricity. The effect causes shape changes of lipid droplets up to a light emission stage. Materials and Methods Cheek cells intracellular material, including DNA strands and lipid droplets were precipitated in a test tube by following written instructions on DNA precipitation published online by The University of Michigan. The DNA precipitate was transferred onto a clean glass slide and covered by a similar one and dubbed a sandwich (SDW).  A slide assembly was developed where the effect of oxygen bubbles cavitation-induced shockwaves on the trapped DNA precipitate and lipid droplets were recorded. Microphotographs and video recordings were stored in a computer via a video-microscope. Results Lipid droplets exposed to prolonged shockwaves energy were documented to undergo recurrent expanding architectural deformation up to a final contracting phase where light was emitted.  Conclusions Intracellular lipid droplets are ubiquitously present in cells; and recent research has shown their expanded roles in cellular signaling in both mitotic and non-mitotic cells. In cancer, one highlighted key role is the potential of lipid metabolism in metastatic colonization. Data introduced in this manuscript demonstrates a direct consequence of ROS (H2O2) decomposition (via oxygen bubbles bursts) as a trigger for lipid intracellular droplets emission of light radiation, thus supporting a previously proposed biophysical mechanism in cancer origin.
Association of mammography with sociodemographic and care factors in residents of Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Authors: Magalhães Amanda Silva , Moreira Bruno de Souza , Costa Dário Alves da Silva , Andrade Amanda Cristina de Souza , Caiaffa Waleska Teixeira
Published: August 2020

Objective: This study aimed to investigate screening mammography in the last two years, sociodemographic factors, and healthcare service use among women aged 40–69 years living in a Brazilian urban center. Methods: The data are part of a household survey called “MOVE-SE Academias” (2014/2015) carried out in Belo Horizonte (MG). The sample was selected using a stratified three- stage cluster sampling: Health Academy Program units distributed in the city, census tracts, and households. Pearson’s chi-square test was used in the analysis. Results: Of the 371 women included in this study with a mean age of 52.5 years, 66.2% among those aged 40–49 years (n = 157) and 75.7% among those aged 50–69 years (n = 214) reported being submitted to mammography within two years before the interview. When it comes to women aged 40–49 and 50–69 years, a higher proportion was found among those with higher schooling (p = 0.011 and p = 0.001), who had been to medical appointments in less than one year (p = 0.024 and p < 0.001), who had performed the Pap smear test in less than two years (p < 0.001 for both groups) and who reported having a private health insurance (p = 0.007 and p = 0.008). Higher family income was associated only with the performance of the screening exam among women aged 40–49 years (p = 0.006). Conclusion: Our results suggest inequalities in access to health services for breast cancer screening, modulated by socioeconomic factors, including private health insurance. Prioritizing more vulnerable groups in cancer screening as a public policy can contribute to reducing health inequalities.
Multidisciplinary approach in the clinical and laboratory investigation of a suspected case for anaplastic lymphoma associated with breast prosthesis
Authors: Vieira René Aloisio da Costa , Oliveira-Junior Idam de , Santos Luciana da Fonseca , Watanabe Ana Paula Uema , Alves Wilson Eduardo Furlan Matos , Neder Luciano
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a rare subtype of CD30-positive and ALK- negative (anaplastic lymphoma kinase) T cell lymphoma, which can develop in the pericapsular fibrous tissue and the late seromas around breast implants. If BIA-ALCL is suspected, an adequate diagnostic flow is essential. Materials and methods: A flowchart of the procedures performed in the diagnostic investigation is discussed, associating a clinical case, and conducting a review on the topic. Results: In the assessment of late and recurrent periprosthetic seromas, prior communication from the surgeon and the pathologist is essential, aiming at the adequate collection and storage of the aspirated material. The material must be promptly fractionated for microbiological assessment by culture, immediate or transoperative cytologic assessment, immunophenotyping by flow cytometry (10 mL), direct cytopathological examination, and obtaining cell block material (50 mL). For flow cytometry, the material must be sent fresh, 70% alcohol or 10% buffered formalin can be added for the other procedures. If it is impossible to send the aspirated fluid to the laboratory in less than six hours, it can be temporarily stored in a refrigerator at 4°C. Immunophenotyping should be extensive, always assessing the expression of CD30 and ALK, regardless of cytological aspects. In cases of late and recurrent seromas in which BIA-ALCL is considered, even if initially discarded, it is suggested to perform capsulectomy with the removal of the prosthesis or careful clinical and laboratory monitoring. Conclusion: The diagnostic flowchart is essential, aiming at false-negative tests.
Workshop Pangan Jajanan Anak Sekolah (PJAS) dan Inovasi Sarapan Sehat untuk Anak Usia Sekolah
Authors: Aini Siti Rahmatul , Pratama Iman Surya , Ananto Agus Dwi , Budiani Luh Putu Gina Sri
Published: August 2020

Abstract: Nutritious and safe intake is a prerequisite for the growth and development of school-age children. Poor breakfast habits and snacks for school children that do not meet the requirements contribute significantly to the nutritional problems of school-age children. This is one of the priority health problems. Low achievement in the implementation of school children's nutrition programs has led to healthy breakfast and snack innovations workshops at one of the elementary schools in Sekarbela sub-district, Mataram city. The workshop participants included 50 people consisting of school-age children, parents, teachers, and canteen vendors. The workshop was guided by a nutritionist, and he explained the selection of nutritional intake, both through breakfast and snack. Also, participants were trained to practice a variety of healthy breakfast innovation menus. After the workshop, participants were able to practice and be actively involved in making a healthy breakfast innovation menu. The response of participants to the menu is quite good. After mentoring by a nutritionist, parents and teachers can solve the problems encountered. Cafeteria vendors get input regarding snacks supply after expert review. This workshop has been going well and has produced the results as targeted.Keywords: PJAS, healthy breakfast, workshop, school-age children.
Edukasi Pengelolaan Obat Melalui DAGUSIBU untuk Mencapai Keluarga Sadar Obat
Authors: Hajrin Wahida , Hamdin Candra Dwipayana , Wirasisya Dyke Gita , Erwinayanti Gusti Ayu Putu Sri , Hasina Raisya
Published: August 2020

Abstract: The high ratio of population in Pamenang, Tanjung, and Gangga sub-districts compared to existing facilities and health workers is a very principle problem related to health education for the community, including information about medicine. One of whichis about the correct methods of how to get, use, save, and dispose medicines which is abbreviated with the DAGUSIBU program, including how to use special medicines. The aim of this socialization was to educate the patients in the public health center in Pemenang, Tanjung, and Gangga sub-districts about DAGUSIBU. The DAGUSIBU socialization program was carried out through the delivery of material, discussions, questions and answers, and demonstration by the audience and Pharmacists. Participants that incidentally were patients in public health centrewere very enthusiastic about this program as evidenced by the activeness of the participants in asking questions and answering questions about DAGUSIBU. Keywords: DAGUSIBU, socialization, Pemenang, Tanjung, Gangga, medicine
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI TERBIMBING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR KONSEPTUAL MAHASISWA SEMESTER I FKIP UNRAM
Authors: Heri Hadi Saputra  , Lalu Hamdian Affandi  , Husniati  , Muhammad Makki
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAK: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakan ada pengaruh model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing terhadap hasil belajar konseptual mahasiswa semester 1 FKIP unram TA. 2017-2018. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan desain Nonequivalent control group. Adapun cara pengumpulan datanya adalah dengan menggunakan metode tes dan observasi. tes yang digunakan adalah tes pilihan ganda yaitu pada tes awal (pre-test) dan tes akhir (post-test). Berdasarkan tes awal (pre-test) diperoleh nilai rata-rata kelas eksperimen sebesar 24,74 dan kelas kontrol sebesar 24,53. Setelah diberi perlakuan, yatu tes akhir (post-test) diperoleh nilai rata-rata kelas eksperimen sebesar 56,58 dan kelas kontrol sebesar 44,23. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji-t pada taraf signifikansi 5%. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan thitung sebesar 1,99 sedangkan ttabel sebesar 1,87, karena  sehingga  diterima. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing terhadap hasil belajar konseptual mahasiswa semester 1 FKIP Unram TA. 2017-2018.

Kata Kunci: inkuiri terbimbing, hasil belajar konseptual.

 

ABSTRACT: This study aims to determine whether there is an influence of guided inquiry learning models on the conceptual learning outcomes of semester 1 students of FKIP Unram TA. 2017-2018. This research is an experimental research design with Nonequivalent control group. The way to collect data is to use the test and observation methods. The test used is a multiple choice test that is the initial test (pre-test) and the final test (post-test). Based on the initial test (pre-test), the average value of the experimental class was 24.74 and the control class was 24.53. After being treated, the final test (post-test) obtained an average value of the experimental class of 56.58 and the control class of 44.23. Data analysis techniques used t-test at a significance level of 5%. Based on the calculation of tcount of 1.99 while ttable of 1.87, because t_ (count)> t_table so that H_ (0) is rejected and 〖H〗 _a is accepted. So it can be concluded that there is a significant influence of guided inquiry learning models on the conceptual learning outcomes of semester 1 students of FKIP Unram TA. 2017-2018.
PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS KESULITAN MAHASISWA S-1 PGSD DALAM MEREVIEW ARTIKEL ILMIAH DI JURNAL
Authors: Syazali Muhammad , Affandi Lalu Hamdian , Nursaptini Nursaptini , Rahmatih Aisa Nikmah , Astria Fitri Puji
Published: August 2020

Reviewing scientific articles published in journals is a competency needed by students to improve their writing skills. As a form of implementation of Higher Education Tri Dharma in the field of education, lecturers are responsible for training students to review articles. To provide optimal learning facilities, information is needed related to student difficulties in reviewing articles in journals. This study aims to diagnose the difficulties of undergraduate students at PGSD FKIP Mataram University in reviewing scientific articles in journals. The study was conducted on S1 students of PGSD FKIP Mataram University who programed Quantitative Research Methods courses. The research subject of 36 students was determined using a purposive sampling technique. Data collection is done by assigning students to review 1 scientific article published by a SINTA accredited journal. The results of the review by students were analyzed descriptively to determine the location of student difficulties. The results showed that the largest proportion of student difficulties lies in the research method (86.11%), then the research problem (44.44%), and the smallest proportion is the research result (5.56%). Information from the results of this study can be used as a reference for providing learning facilities to improve student review skills. This skill can help students in completing theses which have been a problem for many undergraduate students at PGSD FKIP Mataram University.