bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A ferromagnetically coupled Fe42 cyanide-bridged nanocage
Authors: Kang Soonchul , Zheng Hui , Liu Tao , Hamachi Kohei , Kanegawa Shinji , Sugimoto Kunihisa , Shiota Yoshihito , Hayami Shinya , Mito Masaki , Nakamura Tetsuya , Nakano Motohiro , Baker Michael L. , Nojiri Hiroyuki , Yoshizawa Kazunari , Duan Chunying , Sato Osamu
Published: January 2015

Self-assembly of artificial nanoscale units into superstructures is a prevalent topic in science. In biomimicry, scientists attempt to develop artificial self-assembled nanoarchitectures. However, despite extensive efforts, the preparation of nanoarchitectures with superior physical properties remains a challenge. For example, one of the major topics in the field of molecular magnetism is the development of high-spin (HS) molecules. Here, we report a cyanide-bridged magnetic nanocage composed of 18 HS iron(III) ions and 24 low-spin iron(II) ions. The magnetic iron(III) centres are ferromagnetically coupled, yielding the highest ground-state spin number (S=45) of any molecule reported to date.
Role of indigenous iron in improving sludge dewaterability through peroxidation
Authors: Zhou Xu , Jiang Guangming , Wang Qilin , Yuan Zhiguo
Published: January 2015

Improvement of sludge dewaterability is important for reducing the total costs for the treatment and disposal of sludge in wastewater treatment plants. In this study, we investigate the use of hydrogen peroxide as an oxidizing reagent for the conditioning of waste activated sludge. Significant improvement to sludge dewaterability was attained after the addition of hydrogen peroxide at 30 mg/g TS and 28 mg/g TS under acidic conditions (pH = 3.0), with the highest reduction of capillary suction time being 68% and 56%, respectively, for sludge containing an iron concentration of 56 mg Fe/g TS and 25 mg Fe/g TS, respectively. The observations were due to Fenton reactions between the iron contained in sludge (indigenous iron) and hydrogen peroxide. For the sludge with an insufficient level of indigenous iron, the addition of ferrous chloride was found to be able to improve the sludge dewaterability. The results firstly indicated that indigenous iron can be utilized similarly as the externally supplied iron salt to improve sludge dewaterability through catalyzing the Fenton reactions.
Orientation in multi-layer chitosan hydrogel: morphology, mechanism and design principle
Authors: Nie Jingyi , Lu Wentao , Ma Jianjun , Yang Ling , Wang Zhengke , Qin An , Hu Qiaoling
Published: January 2015

Hydrogels with organized structure have attracted remarkable attentions for bio-related applications. Among the preparation of hierarchical hydrogel materials, fabrication of hydrogel with multi-layers is an important branch. Although the generation mechanism of layers had been fully discussed, sub-layer structure was not sufficiently studied. In this research, multi-layered chitosan hydrogel with oriented structure was constructed and the formation mechanism of orientation was proposed, based on gelation behavior and entanglement of polymer chains in the hydrogel-solution system. Employing the layered-oriented characteristic, chitosan hydrogel materials with various shapes and structure can be designed and fabricated.
A patterned ZnO nanorod array/gas sensor fabricated by mechanoelectrospinning-assisted selective growth
Authors: Wang Xiaomei , Sun Fazhe , Huang Yongan , Duan Yongqing , Yin Zhouping
Published: January 2015

Micropatterned ZnO nanorod arrays fabricated by mechanoelectrospinning and the hydrothermal growth method exhibited excellent sensitivity response to NO2.
A stable Li-deficient oxide as high-performance cathode for advanced lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Hou Peiyu , Wang Jie , Song Jishun , Song Dawei , Shi Xixi , Wang Xiaoqing , Zhang Lianqi
Published: January 2015

A stable Li-deficient Li0.35Ni0.2Co0.1Mn0.7O2−x surprisingly delivers large reversible capacity (251.3 mA h g−1), outstanding cycle life and a low median-voltage of 2.7 V in the range of 2.0–4.9 V.
A cucurbit[5]uril analogue from dimethylpropanediurea–formaldehyde condensation
Authors: Jiang Xiaoqing , Yao Xuyang , Huang Xinghua , Wang Qiaochun , Tian He
Published: January 2015

A new cucurbit[5]uril-like macrocycle has been synthesized and shows good solubility in water and organic solvents.
The modified quasi-quantum treatment of rotationally inelastic NO(X)–He scattering
Authors: Zhang Xia , Eyles Chris J. , Ding Dajun , Stolte Steven
Published: January 2015

A quasi quantum treatment of molecular scattering to account for the softness of the repulsive part of the anisotropic atom-molecule PES.
Quantum size effects on the optical properties of nc-Si QDs embedded in an a-SiOx matrix synthesized by spontaneous plasma processing
Authors: Das Debajyoti , Samanta Arup
Published: January 2015

An energy blue shift due to quantum confinement effects in tiny nc-Si QDs accompanied by larger Stokes shifts in PL at smaller dimensions.
Classification of solar cells according to mechanisms of charge separation and charge collection
Authors: Kirchartz Thomas , Bisquert Juan , Mora-Sero Ivan , Garcia-Belmonte Germà
Published: January 2015

This paper elaborates a general description of solar cells based on a single absorber material, according to the mechanisms of charge separation and charge collection.
Feasibility of novel (H3C)nX(SiH3)3−ncompounds (X = B, Al, Ga, In): structure, stability, reactivity, and Raman characterization from ab initio calculations
Authors: dos Santos Renato B. , Rivelino R. , Mota F. de Brito , Kakanakova-Georgieva A. , Gueorguiev G. K.
Published: January 2015

Stability of the (H3C)nX(SiH3)3−ncompounds.
mer and fac isomerism in tris chelate diimine metal complexes
Authors: Dabb Serin L. , Fletcher Nicholas C.
Published: January 2015

This overview analyzes the delicate interplay of the factors that control mer and fac isomerism in diimine tris-chelate complexes, giving consideration to the distribution of products in labile systems, the methods to isolate inert complexes and the implications to self-assembled coordination cages.
Detection, quantification and derivation of number size distribution of silver nanoparticles in antimicrobial consumer products
Authors: Cascio Claudia , Geiss Otmar , Franchini Fabio , Ojea-Jimenez Isaac , Rossi François , Gilliland Douglas , Calzolai Luigi
Published: January 2015

AF4-ICP-MS for determination of size distribution of silver nanoparticles.
Direct determination of trace impurities in high-purity silicon nitride by axial viewed inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry using a slurry nebulization technique
Authors: Wang Zheng , Zhang Junye , Zhang Guoxia , Qiu Deren , Yang Pengyuan
Published: January 2015

A simple, rapid and reliable method was developed for the determination of trace impurities in high-purity silicon nitride (nm- and μm-sized) by ICP-OES using a slurry nebulization technique.
Continuous-flow sorting of stem cells and differentiation products based on dielectrophoresis
Authors: Song Hongjun , Rosano Jenna M. , Wang Yi , Garson Charles J. , Prabhakarpandian Balabhaskar , Pant Kapil , Klarmann George J. , Perantoni Alan , Alvarez Luis M. , Lai Eva
Published: January 2015

A dielectrophoresis-based microfluidic device for continuous sorting of stem cells and differentiated progenies.
A transcriptomic analysis for identifying the unintended effects of introducing a heterologous glyphosate-tolerant EPSP synthase into Escherichia coli
Authors: Li Liang , Zhou Zhengfu , Jin Wujun , Wan Yusong , Lu Wei
Published: January 2015

Glyphosate is one of the most commonly used broad-spectrum herbicides with little to no hazard to animals, human beings, or the environment.
The toxicity of acute exposure to T-2 toxin evaluated by the metabonomics technique
Authors: Wan Qianfen , Wu Guangyao , He Qinghua , Tang Huiru , Wang Yulan
Published: January 2015

T-2 toxin is a common contaminant in grains and animal feedstuff, which becomes an increasing threat to human and animal health due to its high toxicity.
Investigation of the copper(i) catalysed azide–alkyne cycloaddition reactions (CuAAC) in molten PEG2000
Authors: Billault Isabelle , Pessel Freddy , Petit Alain , Turgis Raphaël , Scherrmann Marie-Christine
Published: January 2015

A comprehensive study of the CuAAC in PEG2000 as the solvent showed that Cu(i) is stabilised regardless of the source of the catalyst.
Nanoscale imaging of freestanding nitrogen doped single layer graphene
Authors: Iyer Ganjigunte R. S. , Wang Jian , Wells Garth , Bradley Michael P. , Borondics Ferenc
Published: January 2015

A facile low bombardment plasma method for n-doping freestanding single layer graphene.
Recognition of bio-relevant dicarboxylate anions by an azacalix[2]arene[2]triazine derivative decorated with urea moieties
Authors: Santos Miguel M. , Marques Igor , Carvalho Sílvia , Moiteiro Cristina , Félix Vítor
Published: January 2015

The binding affinity of a dichlorocalix[2]arene[2]triazine based bis-urea azamacrocycle was investigated towards a wide range of bio-relevant dicarboxylate anions by a combination of 1H NMR titrations in CDCl3 and molecular dynamics simulations.
Antibodies armed with photosensitizers: from chemical synthesis to photobiological applications
Authors: Pereira Patricia M. R. , Korsak Barbara , Sarmento Bruno , Schneider Rudolf J. , Fernandes Rosa , Tomé João P. C.
Published: January 2015

Targeting photosensitizers to cancer cells by conjugating them with specific antibodies, able to recognize and bind to tumor-associated antigens, is today one of the most attractive strategies in photodynamic therapy (PDT).
Silver catalysed decarboxylative alkylation and acylation of pyrimidines in aqueous media
Authors: Mai Wen-Peng , Sun Bin , You Li-Qin , Yang Liang-Ru , Mao Pu , Yuan Jin-Wei , Xiao Yong-Mei , Qu Ling-Bo
Published: January 2015

Decarboxylative alkylation or acylation reactions of simple pyrimidines have been developed in aqueous media.
Oxidative asymmetric umpolung alkylation of Evans’ β-ketoimides using dialkylzinc nucleophiles
Authors: Targel Tom A. , Kumar Jayprakash N. , Shneider O. Svetlana , Bar Sukanta , Fridman Natalia , Maximenko Shimon , Szpilman Alex M.
Published: January 2015

Umpolung alkylation of Evans’ auxiliary substituted β-ketoimides affords the diastereomerically pure products in yields ranging from 40 to 80%.
Quinine-catalyzed highly enantioselective cycloannulation of o-quinone methides with malononitrile
Authors: Adili Alafate , Tao Zhong-Lin , Chen Dian-Feng , Han Zhi-Yong
Published: January 2015

2-Amino-3-cyano-4H-chromenes show great potential as novel anticancer agents. Here we report a quinine-catalyzed highly enantioselective formal 4 + 2 cycloaddition ofortho-quinone methides and malononitrile, providing a unique approach to 4-arylvinyl, 4-aryl and 4-vinyl 2-amino-3-cyano-4H-chromenes with excellent yields and enantioselectivities.
Oxidative C(sp3)–H functionalization of acetonitrile and alkanes with allylic alcohols under metal-free conditions
Authors: Chu Xue-Qiang , Meng Hua , Zi You , Xu Xiao-Ping , Ji Shun-Jun
Published: January 2015

Direct oxidative C(sp3)–H functionalization of acetonitrile and alkanes with α,α-diaryl allylic alcohols has been developed.
Syntheses, crystal structures and antimicrobial activities of Cu(ii), Ru(ii), and Pt(ii) compounds with an anthracene-containing tripodal ligand
Authors: Yuan Zeli , Shen Xiaomin , Huang Jiandong
Published: January 2015

Three new Cu(ii), Ru(ii), and Pt(ii) compounds of an anthracene-containing tripodal ligand were synthesized. Their crystal structures was determined by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction method and their antimicrobial activities were investigated.
Cadmium(ii) complexes containing N,N′-dimethylviolurate as ligand or counteranion: synthesis, characterization, crystal structures and DFT study
Authors: Banik Rupak , Roy Subhadip , Bauza Antonio , Frontera Antonio , Das Subrata
Published: January 2015

The synthesis and X-ray characterization of two N,N′-dimethylvioluric acid (1) derivatives of formula [Cd(DMV)2(benzim)2] (2) (benzim = benzimidazole) and [Cd(H2O)4(py)2](DMV)2 (3) (py = pyridine) are reported.
Highly efficient CNT functionalized cotton fabrics for flexible/wearable heating applications
Authors: Ilanchezhiyan P. , Zakirov A. S. , Kumar G. Mohan , Yuldashev Sh. U. , Cho H. D. , Kang T. W. , Mamadalimov A. T.
Published: January 2015

A highly flexible electro thermal heater has been demonstrated by functionalizing cotton fabrics using CNT.
Using Raman and dielectric spectroscopy to elucidate the spin phonon and magnetoelectric coupling in DyCrO3 nanoplatelets
Authors: Gupta Preeti , Poddar Pankaj
Published: January 2015

In this study, we report the phonon-mode assignment and possible weak magnetoelectric coupling by Raman & dielectric spectroscopy along with efficient photocatalytic activity of DyCrO3 nanoplatelets.
Calcium mitigates the stress caused by ZnSO4 as a sulphur fertilizer and enhances the sulforaphane formation of broccoli sprouts
Authors: Yang Runqiang , Guo Liping , Zhou Yulin , Shen Chang , Gu Zhenxin
Published: January 2015

CaCl2 improved the growth and sulforaphane formation of broccoli sprouts under ZnSO4via enhancing key bioactive substances level, antioxidant capacity, myrosinase activity and related genes expression.
Known triazole fungicides – a new trick
Authors: Pernak Juliusz , Markiewicz Bartosz , Łęgosz Bartosz , Walkiewicz Filip , Gwiazdowski Romuald , Praczyk Tadeusz
Published: January 2015

A new, cheap and efficient method, which may be used to obtain ILs by modifying commonly used fungicides, is presented.
Synthesis of indeno and acenaphtho cores containing dihydroxy indolone, pyrrole, coumarin and uracil fused heterocyclic motifs under sustainable conditions exploring the catalytic role of the SnO2 quantum dot
Authors: Pradhan Koyel , Paul Sanjay , Das Asish R.
Published: January 2015

A tin oxide (SnO2) quantum dot (QD) catalyzed approach for the synthesis of indeno and acenaphtho cores containing dihydroxy indolone, pyrrole, coumarin and uracil fused derivatives was achieved via multicomponent one-pot approach in aqueous medium.
An enzymatic biosensor for hydrogen peroxide based on one-pot preparation of CeO2-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite
Authors: Radhakrishnan Sivaprakasam , Kim Sang Jae
Published: January 2015

The study describes cerium oxide-reduced graphene oxide (CeO2-rGO) prepared by a facile one-pot hydrothermal approach and its assembly with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) for the detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) at trace levels.
High-efficient inhibition of recognition in allorejection via a pMyD88/liposomes complex
Authors: Yu Tao , Su Lin , Zhang Shuangnan , Wang Hanjie , Wang Sheng , Li Xue , Chang Jin , Liu Gang
Published: January 2015

Data are emerging that the recognition of foreign antigens by Toll/like receptors (TLRs) was predominant in skin graft rejection.
Nano sized heterogeneous acid catalyst from Ceiba pentandra stalks for production of biodiesel using extracted oil from Ceiba pentandra seeds
Authors: Parthiban Karuppiah Subramanian , Perumalsamy Muthiah
Published: January 2015

Heterogeneous acid catalyst of nano size was prepared by the method of sulfonation of C. pentandra stalks and used to convert C. pentandra seed oil to biodiesel.
Magnetically deliverable calcium phosphate nanoparticles for localized gene expression
Authors: Puddu Michela , Broguiere Nicolas , Mohn Dirk , Zenobi-Wong Marcy , Stark Wendelin J. , Grass Robert N.
Published: January 2015

Iron oxide doped tricalcium phosphate nanoparticles can be used to achieve a spatially controlled green fluorescent gene delivery without using potentially cytotoxic agents.
TiO2 nanosheet array thin film for self-cleaning coating
Authors: Wang Furong , Zhang Guoqiang , Zhao Zhao , Tan Huaqiao , Yu Weixing , Zhang Xuming , Sun Zaicheng
Published: January 2015

A simple hydrothermal method is developed to directly grow TiO2 nanosheets on a bare glass substrate.
Reducing graphene oxide with a modified Birch reaction
Authors: Yang Jien , Wang Yilei , Wang Jing , Chan-Park Mary B.
Published: January 2015

Reduced graphene oxide was prepared in alkyl amine solution using alkali metal as reducing agent.
Wealth from waste – beef extract for microbiological media from tannery solid waste
Authors: Shiny Renitha T. , Sridevi J. , Gowthaman M. K. , Kamini N. R. , Ramanaiah B. , Saravanan P.
Published: January 2015

Scheme of preparation of beef extract from fleshing waste is novel and no idea or process similar has been reported.
Nanoclay-reinforced electrospun chitosan/PVA nanocomposite nanofibers for biomedical applications
Authors: Koosha Mojtaba , Mirzadeh Hamid , Shokrgozar Mohammad Ali , Farokhi Mehdi
Published: January 2015

Chitosan/PVA/nanoclay nanocomposite nanofibers have been prepared successfully by electrospinning. Bead-free morphology was achieved for the nanofibrous mats and the nanoclays were incorporated and distributed uniformly inside the nanofibers.
Spinel ZnFe2O4 nanoparticle-decorated rod-like ZnO nanoheterostructures for enhanced gas sensing performances
Authors: Wang Shurong , Zhang Jingxv , Yang Jiedi , Gao Xueling , Zhang Hongxin , Wang Yanshuang , Zhu Zhenyu
Published: January 2015

Spinel ZnFe2O4 nanoparticle-decorated rod-like ZnO nanoheterostructures were one-pot synthesized for detecting n-butanol, ethanol, acetone, methanol and formaldehyde.
Enantioselective addition of ArTi(OiPr)3 to aldehydes catalyzed by a titanium complex of an N-sulfonylated amino alcohol
Authors: Chang Shih-Ju , Zhou Shuangliu , Gau Han-Mou
Published: January 2015

Asymmetric additions of ArTi(OiPr)3 to aldehydes catalyzed by a titanium catalyst of N-sulfonylated amino alcohols to afford desired secondary alcohols in good yields with good to excellent enantioselectivities of up to 95% ee.
Properties of some azo-copolyimide thin films used in the formation of photoinduced surface relief gratings
Authors: Sava Ion , Burescu Ada , Stoica Iuliana , Musteata Valentina , Cristea Mariana , Mihaila Ilarion , Pohoata Valentin , Topala Ionut
Published: January 2015

The patterning of the free standing azo-copolyimide films under different irradiation conditions led to the uniform surface relief gratings.
A dopamine electrochemical sensor based on gold nanoparticles/over-oxidized polypyrrole nanotube composite arrays
Authors: Lin Meng
Published: January 2015

A novel sensor based on a gold nanoparticles (Au NPs)/over-oxidized polypyrrole (OPPy) nanotube (NT) composite array electrode proved to be highly effective for electrochemical determination of dopamine (DA).
Exploring the mode of binding of the bioflavonoid kaempferol with B and protonated forms of DNA using spectroscopic and molecular docking studies
Authors: Pradhan Ankur Bikash , Haque Lucy , Bhuiya Sutanwi , Das Suman
Published: January 2015

Mode of binding of kaempferol with B and protonated form of calf thymus DNA.
The electrochemical catalytic behavior of pyrogallol at an 8-hydroxyquinoline-aluminum complex modified carbon paste electrode and its detection in tomato
Authors: Bao Amin , Xiao Nan , Zhu Yongchun , Xin Shigang , Zhang Hongbo
Published: January 2015

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit is an excellent food for promoting human health and wellbeing due to its containing polyphenols as antioxidants.
Graphene/polypyrrole-coated carbon nanofiber core–shell architecture electrode for electrochemical capacitors
Authors: Gan John Kevin , Lim Yee Seng , Pandikumar Alagarsamy , Huang Nay Ming , Lim Hong Ngee
Published: January 2015

In this study, a two-step electrospinning and potentiostatic electrodeposition method was used to fabricate the graphene/polypyrrole-coated carbon nanofiber core–shell architecture electrode for supercapacitor applications.
Facile synthesis of nitrogen-doped unzipped carbon nanotubes and their electrochemical properties
Authors: Chen Liang , Zhou Haihui , Wei Shudan , Chen Zhongxue , Huang Zheng , Huang Zhongyuan , Zhang Chenping , Kuang Yafei
Published: January 2015

N-UCNTs with a high nitrogen level, large surface areas and good crystallinity are synthesized by pyrolysis of an O-UCNTs/melamine composite.
Copper catalysed C–N bond formation via a sequential acylation and deacylation process: a novel strategy for the synthesis of benzanilides
Authors: Kumar Saurabh , Vanjari Rajeshwer , Guntreddi Tirumaleswararao , Singh Krishna Nand
Published: January 2015

An efficient oxidative amidation of aldehydes using acetanilides as amine component has been developed by copper catalysis. The approach is versatile and proceeds through sequential acylation and deacylation to afford benzanilides.
Facile synthesis of crumpled ZnS net-wrapped Ni walnut spheres with enhanced microwave absorption properties
Authors: Zhao Biao , Shao Gang , Fan Bingbing , Zhao Wanyu , Chen Yongqiang , Zhang Rui
Published: January 2015

The microwave absorption properties of the ultra-thin and crumpled ZnS net-wrapped walnut-like Ni composites are superior to those of pristine Ni walnuts.
Edge-carboxylated graphene anchoring magnetite-hydroxyapatite nanocomposite for an efficient 4-nitrophenol sensor
Authors: Bharath G. , Veeramani Vediappan , Chen Shen-Ming , Madhu Rajesh , Manivel Raja M. , Balamurugan A. , Mangalaraj D. , Viswanathan C. , Ponpandian N.
Published: January 2015

Surface chemistry and electrochemical properties of ball milled edge-carboxylated graphene anchored with magnetite-hydroxyapatite nanocomposites were studied through the sensitive and selective detection of 4-NP by cyclic voltammetry and differential pulsed voltammetry.
One-step synthesis of three-dimensional porous ionic liquid–carbon nanotube–graphene gel and MnO2–graphene gel as freestanding electrodes for asymmetric supercapacitors
Authors: Sun Yimin , Cheng Yubo , He Kui , Zhou Aijun , Duan Hongwei
Published: January 2015

Three-dimensional porous ionic liquid–carbon nanotube–graphene gel and MnO2–graphene gel are used as freestanding electrodes for asymmetric supercapacitor.
Organic–inorganic hybrid polyvinylidene fluoride–Co0.6Zn0.4Mn0.3Fe1.7O4 nanocomposite film with significant optical and magnetodielectric properties
Authors: Gupta Arti , Tandon Ram Pal
Published: January 2015

In this paper, we illustrate the significant optical and magnetodielectric properties of the polyvinylidene difluoride–Co0.6Zn0.4Mn0.3Fe1.7O4 nanocomposite film, containing the optimum weight content (0.5%) of CZFMO nanoparticles.
Examining chemistry teachers' use of curriculum materials: in view of teachers' pedagogical content knowledge
Authors: Chen Bo , Wei Bing
Published: January 2015

This paper aimed to explore how pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) of teachers influenced their adaptations of the curriculum materials of the new senior secondary chemistry curriculum, a standards-based science curriculum, in China. This study was based on the premise that the interaction of the teacher with the curriculum materials determines what happens in the classroom. An interpretive approach was adopted and five experienced chemistry teachers in four senior secondary schools participated in this study. Classroom observations and interviews were used as research methods. The data analysis revealed that there were four components of PCK that led to teachers' adaptations of curriculum materials and they were knowledge of students' understanding of science, knowledge of assessment in science, knowledge of instructional strategies, and knowledge of science curriculum. Among these four components of PCK, knowledge of students' understanding of science and knowledge of assessment in science were the factors that most influenced teachers' adaptations of curriculum materials. Furthermore, the ways that these four components of PCK influenced teachers' adaptations were different. The implications of the findings and the suggestions for the further studies were discussed in the last section of this paper.
Visible light photocatalytic reduction of aldehydes by Rh(iii)–H: a detailed mechanistic study
Authors: Ghosh T. , Slanina T. , König B.
Published: January 2015

The slow visible light mediated generation of a rhodium hydride allows the chemoselective reduction of aldehydes in the presence of ketones. Electron transfer from the chromophore to the metal complex proceedsviaa radical anion intermediate or a solvated electron as two competing reaction pathways.
A noble metal-free proton-exchange membrane fuel cell based on bio-inspired molecular catalysts
Authors: Tran P. D. , Morozan A. , Archambault S. , Heidkamp J. , Chenevier P. , Dau H. , Fontecave M. , Martinent A. , Jousselme B. , Artero V.
Published: January 2015

Bio-inspired chemistry allowed for the development of the first noble metal-free polymer electrolyte membrane hydrogen fuel cell (PEMFC). The device proved operational under technologically relevant conditions.
A bead-spring model for running and tumbling of flagellated swimmers: detailed predictions compared to experimental data for E. coli
Authors: Kong Miqiu , Wu Yan , Li Guangxian , Larson Ronald G.
Published: January 2015

To study the swimming of E. coli, we deploy a bead-spring hydrodynamic model (Watari and Larson 2010), whose body and flagellar geometry, motor torques, and motor reversals are adjusted to match the experimental observations of the Berg group (Turner et al. 2000; Darnton et al. 2007) during both running and tumbling of the bacterium.
Electrospinning polyelectrolyte complexes: pH-responsive fibers
Authors: Boas Mor , Gradys Arkadiusz , Vasilyev Gleb , Burman Michael , Zussman Eyal
Published: January 2015

Fibers were electrospun from a solution comprised of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes, poly(acrylic acid) and poly(allylamine hydrochloride), in efforts to achieve highly confined macromolecular packaging featuring reversible responsive behavior under pH stimuli.
A dynamic Cassie–Baxter model
Authors: Liu Tingyi Leo , Chen Zhiyu , Kim Chang-Jin
Published: January 2015

A new model predicts the receding contact angle of a liquid suspended on microstructures for a wide range of data in the literature regardless of their distinct patterns and receding modes.
The role of bond tangency and bond gap in hard sphere crystallization of chains
Authors: Karayiannis Nikos Ch. , Foteinopoulou Katerina , Laso Manuel
Published: January 2015

We analyze the effect of bond tangency and of bond gaps on the crystallization of chains of hard spheres.
Efficiency enhancement by defect engineering in perovskite photovoltaic cells prepared using evaporated PbI2/CH3NH3I multilayers
Authors: Ng Annie , Ren Zhiwei , Shen Qian , Cheung Sin Hang , Gokkaya Huseyin Cem , Bai Gongxun , Wang Jingchuan , Yang Lijun , So Shu Kong , Djurišić Aleksandra B. , Leung Wallace Woon-fong , Hao Jianhua , Chan Wai Kin , Surya Charles
Published: January 2015

CH3NH3PbI3-based devices exhibiting a PCE of 12.5% have been achieved by annealing the evaporated precursor multilayers and treating the device constituent layers in a well controlled atmosphere.
Surface-modified single wall carbon nanohorn as an effective electrocatalyst for platinum-free fuel cell cathodes
Authors: Unni Sreekuttan M. , Ramadas Sarath , Illathvalappil Rajith , Bhange Siddheswar N. , Kurungot Sreekumar
Published: January 2015

A completely Pt-free electrocatalyst whose oxygen reduction activity is comparable to Pt/C could be prepared by a one-step process involving annealing of single walled carbon nanohorns, melamine and FeCl3.
Double-layered reactive microcapsules with excellent thermal and non-polar solvent resistance for self-healing coatings
Authors: Sun Dawei , An Jinliang , Wu Gang , Yang Jinglei
Published: January 2015

Diisocyanate was encapsulated with a double-layered wall possessing superior resistance to non-polar organic solvents.
Superhydrophobic CuO nanoneedle-covered copper surfaces for anticorrosion
Authors: Xiao Feng , Yuan Shaojun , Liang Bin , Li Guanqiu , Pehkonen Simo Olavi , Zhang TieJun
Published: January 2015

Anodic CuO nanoneedle array films were synthesized and modified by fluorosilanization to create superhydrophobic surfaces for effective corrosion protection.
A Li-rich Layered@Spinel@Carbon heterostructured cathode material for high capacity and high rate lithium-ion batteries fabricated via an in situ synchronous carbonization-reduction method
Authors: Xia Qingbing , Zhao Xinfu , Xu Mingquan , Ding Zhengping , Liu Jiatu , Chen Libao , Ivey Douglas G. , Wei Weifeng
Published: January 2015

A Li-rich Layered@Spinel@Carbon heterostructured cathode material for LIBs, which comprises Li-rich layered core, a spinel interlayer and a carbon nano-coating.
Enhanced photovoltaic performance of meso-porous SnO2 based solar cells utilizing 2D MgO nanosheets sensitized by a metal-free carbazole derivative
Authors: Qureshi Mohammad , Chetia Tridip Ranjan , Ansari Mohammad Shaad , Soni Saurabh S.
Published: January 2015

Herein, we report a power conversion efficiency of 3.71% using mesoporous SnO2 in combination with 2D MgO nanosheets, sensitized by a metal free carbazole dye.
One-step preparation of iodine-doped graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets as efficient photocatalysts for visible light water splitting
Authors: Han Qing , Hu Chuangang , Zhao Fei , Zhang Zhipan , Chen Nan , Qu Liangti
Published: January 2015

A highly efficient visible-light-driven photocatalyst based on iodinated graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (IGCNSs) has been prepared by facilely ball-milling graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) in the presence of iodine.
Covalently crosslinked graphene oxide membranes by esterification reactions for ions separation
Authors: Jia Zhiqian , Wang Yan
Published: January 2015

We present a method to prepare covalently crosslinked graphene oxide (GO) membranes with adjustable intersheet spacing by esterification reactions, using dicarboxylic acids, diols or polyols as the crosslinker and hydrochloric acid as the catalyst.
Selenium in nitrogen-doped microporous carbon spheres for high-performance lithium–selenium batteries
Authors: Jiang Yong , Ma Xiaojian , Feng Jinkui , Xiong Shenglin
Published: January 2015

An integrated composite with confined selenium within nitrogen-doped microporous carbon spheres as a new cathode material can realise the direct transformation between Se atoms and Li2Se in the cycling process, resulting in unprecedented electrochemical performance based on reversible capacity, cycling stability, and rate capability.
Shape-controlled octahedral cobalt disulfide nanoparticles supported on nitrogen and sulfur-doped graphene/carbon nanotube composites for oxygen reduction in acidic electrolyte
Authors: Higgins D. C. , Hassan F. M. , Seo M. H. , Choi J. Y. , Hoque M. A. , Lee D. U. , Chen Z.
Published: January 2015

Shape controlled cobalt disulfide octahedron nanoparticles are grown on nitrogen/sulfur-doped carbon nanotube-graphene composites as active non-precious oxygen reduction catalysts.
Conjugation of multivalent ligands to gold nanoshells and designing a dual modality imaging probe
Authors: Bédard Mathieu , Avti Pramod K. , Lam Tina , Rouleau Léonie , Tardif Jean-Claude , Rhéaume Éric , Lesage Frédéric , Kakkar Ashok
Published: January 2015

Hollow gold nanoshells functionalized with branched multivalent ligands provide an excellent platform to develop nanoprobes with dual imaging capabilities.
Fibrous wound dressings encapsulating essential oils as natural antimicrobial agents
Authors: Liakos I. , Rizzello L. , Hajiali H. , Brunetti V. , Carzino R. , Pompa P. P. , Athanassiou A. , Mele E.
Published: January 2015

Essential oils with high antibiotic activity were incorporated into cellulose acetate natural polymer. By using the electrospinning technique, nanofibrous matrices were prepared to be used as effective antimicrobial wound dressings.
Hydroxyapatite coatings with oriented nanoplate arrays: synthesis, formation mechanism and cytocompatibility
Authors: Guan Jun-Jie , Tian Bo , Tang Sha , Ke Qin-Fei , Zhang Chang-Qing , Zhu Zhen-An , Guo Ya-Ping
Published: January 2015

A novel strategy has been developed to fabricate hydroxyapatite coatings with oriented nanoplate arrays for implants of human hard tissues.
Optical diffusers with enhanced properties based on novel polysiloxane@CeO2@PMMA fillers
Authors: Hu Jingang , Zhou Yuming , Sheng Xiaoli
Published: January 2015

Multifunctional optical diffusers based on hybrid polysiloxane@CeO2@PMMA microspheres were successfully prepared by UV curing process.
Controlled emission colors and singlet–triplet energy gaps of dihydrophenazine-based thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters
Authors: Lee Jiyoung , Shizu Katsuyuki , Tanaka Hiroyuki , Nakanotani Hajime , Yasuda Takuma , Kaji Hironori , Adachi Chihaya
Published: January 2015

We have developed thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters with wide ranges of emission colors and singlet–triplet energy gaps.
Inkjet printed paper based frequency selective surfaces and skin mounted RFID tags: the interrelation between silver nanoparticle ink, paper substrate and low temperature sintering technique
Authors: Sanchez-Romaguera Veronica , Wünscher Sebastian , Turki Badredin M. , Abbel Robert , Barbosa Silvia , Tate Daniel J. , Oyeka Dumtoochukwu , Batchelor John C. , Parker Edward A. , Schubert Ulrich S. , Yeates Stephen G.
Published: January 2015

Interdependence between ink, substrate and sintering method on inkjet printed devices.
Robust model predictive control of constrained non‐linear systems: adopting the non‐squared integrand objective function
Authors: Liu Xiaotao , Constantinescu Daniela , Shi Yang
Published: January 2015

This study presents a novel robust model predictive control (MPC) method for constrained non‐linear systems with control constraints and external disturbances. The control signal is obtained by optimising an objective function consisting of two terms: an integral non‐squared stage cost and a non‐squared terminal cost. The terminal weighting matrix is designed appropriately such that: (i) the terminal cost serves as a control Lyapunov function; and (ii) the resultant finite horizon cost can be treated as a quasi‐infinite horizon cost. Provided that the Jacobian linearisation of the system to be controlled is stabilisable and the optimisation is initially feasible, sufficient conditions ensuring the recursive feasibility of the optimisation and the robust stability of the closed‐loop system are established. It is shown that the conditions rely on an appropriate design of the sampling interval with respect to a certain given disturbance level. The effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated through a numerical example.
Utility of high‐order sliding mode differentiators for dynamical left inversion problems
Authors: Barbot Jean Pierre , Boutat Driss , Busawon Krishna
Published: January 2015

This study highlights some crucial issues related to dynamical left inversion problem for non‐linear systems, that is the recovery of the applied input function from the knowledge of the output and its derivatives. In particular, it is shown that the presence of non‐smooth unknown inputs and non‐involutivity of the forced fields’ distribution constitutes an obstruction to conducting a left inversion. As a solution to this problem, the authors propose a novel left‐invertible form that explicitly considers smooth as well as non‐smooth inputs and for which they design a high‐order sliding mode observer to reconstruct the states and the control inputs. Simulations results are provided to validate the performance of the proposed approach.
Synchronisation control of dynamical networks subject to variable sampling and actuators saturation
Authors: Wu Yuan‐Qing , Su Hongye , Wu Zheng‐Guang
Published: January 2015

This study investigates aperiodic sampled‐data synchronisation of complex dynamical network (CDN) incorporate dynamics of actuators saturation. The sampling intervals considered here are time‐varying which allowed to be variable within the lower and upper bounds. In order to fully captures the sawtooth structure characteristic of the sampled‐data systems, a novel time‐dependent continuous Lyapunov functional is employed to obtain less conservative criteria. Furthermore, the generalised sector bound condition is utilised for the estimate about the basin of the attraction. Based on the local stability condition, the sampled‐data controller is constructed to guarantee the synchronisation of CDN in the presence of actuators saturation. The obtained sufficient conditions can be cast in two optimisation cases to maximise the admissible upper bound of sampling instants or enlarge estimate about the domain of attraction for the closed‐loop systems. Subsequently, the validity and applicability of the criteria are verified through numerical examples.
Fuzzy dynamic output‐feedback control of non‐linear networked discrete‐time system with missing measurements
Authors: Li Hongyi , Wu Chengwei , Feng Zhiguang
Published: January 2015

This article studies the problem of H∞ dynamic output‐feedback control of non‐linear networked discrete‐time systems with data packet dropouts. Specifically, the data missing happens randomly from the sensor to the controller and the controller to the actuator. A sequence of independent variables obeying the Bernoulli random binary distribution is introduced to account for the measurement missing. The Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy model is used to describe the non‐linear plant. In addition, the strategy of parallel distributed compensation is adopted to design the fuzzy dynamic output‐feedback controller. Here, attention is focused on obtaining the sufficient conditions to guarantee the closed‐loop system to be stochastically stable as well as the prescribed H∞ performance. An approach based on fuzzy Lyapunov function is developed to solve it. To tackle the non‐convex problem, the cone‐complementarity linearisation procedure is adopted. Finally, a numerical example is employed to show the usefulness of the proposed result.
Semi‐global consensus of multi‐agent systems with intermittent communications and low‐gain feedback
Authors: Wang Xiaoling , Wang Xiaofan
Published: January 2015

This study addresses the semi‐global consensus of linear multi‐agent systems with a virtual leader, in which the control input of each agent is subject to periodically intermittent saturating actuator. Depending on multiple Lyapunov stability theorem and applying the algebraic‐Riccati‐equation‐based low‐gain feedback technique, the authors can obtain that: when the control width is larger than a fixed value, a connected system with each agent being asymptotically null controllable with bounded controls and marginally stable can guarantee the semi‐global consensus of multi‐agent systems with a virtual leader. Numerical simulations verify the author's theoretical analysis.
Robustness of Cucker–Smale flocking model
Authors: Canale Eduardo , Dalmao Federico , Mordecki Ernesto , Souza Max O.
Published: January 2015

Consider a system of autonomous interacting agents moving in space, adjusting each own velocity as a weighted mean of the relative velocities of the other agents. In order to test the robustness of the model, the authors assume that each pair of agents, at each time step, can fail to connect with certain probability, the failure rate. This is a modification of the (deterministic) Flocking model introduced by Cucker and Smale (2007). They prove that, if this random failures are independent in time and space, and have linear or sub‐linear distance dependent rate of decay, the characteristic behaviour of flocking exhibited by the original deterministic model, also holds true under random failures, for all failure rates.
Guaranteed cost consensus problems for second‐order multi‐agent systems
Authors: Wang Zhong , Xi Jianxiang , Yao Zhicheng , Liu Guangbin
Published: January 2015

Guaranteed cost consensus for second‐order multi‐agent systems with fixed topologies are investigated. Firstly, a cost function is constructed based on state errors among neighbouring agents and control inputs of all the agents, which is to find a tradeoff between the consensus regulation performance and the control energy consumption. Secondly, by the state‐space decomposition approach and the Lyapunov method, a sufficient condition for the guaranteed cost consensus is presented and an upper bound of the cost function is given. It should be pointed out that these criteria are related to the second smallest and the maximum eigenvalues of the Laplacian matrix associated with the interaction topology. Thirdly, an approach is presented to obtain the consensus function when second‐order multi‐agent systems achieve guaranteed cost consensus. Finally, numerical simulations are given to demonstrate theoretical results.
Adaptive neural data‐based compensation control of non‐linear systems with dynamic uncertainties and input saturation
Authors: Wang Huanqing , Liu Xiaoping , Liu Kefu
Published: January 2015

In this study, an adaptive neural backstepping control scheme is proposed for a class of strict‐feedback non‐linear systems with unmodelled dynamics, dynamic disturbances and input saturation. To solve the difficulties from the unmodelled dynamics and input saturation, a dynamic signal and smooth function in non‐affine structure subject to the control input signal are introduced, respectively. Radial basis function (RBF) neural networks are used to approximate the packaged unknown non‐linearities, and an adaptive neural control approach is developed via backstepping, which guarantees that all the signals in the closed‐loop system are semi‐globally uniformly ultimately bounded in mean square. The main contributions of this note lie in that a control strategy is provided for a class of strict‐feedback non‐linear systems with unmodelled dynamics uncertainties and input saturation, and the proposed control scheme does not require any information of the bound of input saturation non‐linearity. Simulation results are used to show the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
Data‐driven identification approach for thruster misalignment angles of rigid satellite
Authors: Zhang Aihua , Bing Xiao , Huo Xing
Published: January 2015

The problem of thruster misalignment angles identification on‐line and in real‐time is addressed in this study. A data‐driven approach is proposed to identify the parameter of satellite's thruster misalignment angles. The satellite considered is represented by Euler angles. As the finite available data is met for on‐orbital satellite, the proposed approach is designed by using the techniques of nonlinear observer and data‐driven solution simultaneously. As a stepping stone, a terminal sliding‐mode observer is developed to estimate the deviation torque introduced by thruster misalignment. It is shown by Lyapunov stability analysis that, precise estimation with zero error is guaranteed with finite‐time convergence. Based on such estimated value, a data‐driven solution is then synthesised to identify the misalignment angles of the thruster. The performance using the proposed identification methodology is evaluated through a numerical example.
Data‐driven terminal iterative learning control with high‐order learning law for a class of non‐linear discrete‐time multiple‐input–multiple output systems
Authors: Chi Ronghu , Liu Yu , Hou Zhongsheng , Jin Shangtai
Published: January 2015

In this study, a novel data‐driven terminal iterative learning control with high‐order learning law is proposed for a class of non‐linear non‐affine discrete‐time multiple‐input–multiple output systems, where only the system state or output at the endpoint is measurable and the control input is time‐varying. A new data‐driven dynamical linearisation is proposed in the iteration domain and the linearisation data model can be updated by a designed parameter updating law iteratively. The high‐order learning control law makes it possible to utilise more control knowledge of previous runs to improve control performance. The design and analysis of the proposed approach only depends on the I/O data of the control plant without requiring any explicit model information. Both theoretical analysis and extensive simulations are provided to confirm the effectiveness and applicability of this novel approach.
Identification and quantification analysis of nonlinear dynamics properties of combustion instability in a diesel engine
Authors: Yang Li-Ping , Ding Shun-Liang , Litak Grzegorz , Song En-Zhe , Ma Xiu-Zhen
Published: January 2015

The cycling combustion instabilities in a diesel engine have been analyzed based on chaos theory. The objective was to investigate the dynamical characteristics of combustion in diesel engine. In this study, experiments were performed under the entire operating range of a diesel engine (the engine speed was changed from 600 to 1400 rpm and the engine load rate was from 0% to 100%), and acquired real-time series of in-cylinder combustion pressure using a piezoelectric transducer installed on the cylinder head. Several methods were applied to identify and quantitatively analyze the combustion process complexity in the diesel engine including delay-coordinate embedding, recurrence plot (RP), Recurrence Quantification Analysis, correlation dimension (CD), and the largest Lyapunov exponent (LLE) estimation. The results show that the combustion process exhibits some determinism. If LLE is positive, then the combustion system has a fractal dimension and CD is no more than 1.6 and within the diesel engine operating range. We have concluded that the combustion system of diesel engine is a low-dimensional chaotic system and the maximum values of CD and LLE occur at the lowest engine speed and load. This means that combustion system is more complex and sensitive to initial conditions and that poor combustion quality leads to the decrease of fuel economy and the increase of exhaust emissions.
Two-loop Feynman integrals for ϕ4 theory with long-range correlated disorder
Authors: Dudka M.
Published: January 2015

Two-loop massive Feynman integrals for ϕ4 field-theoretical model with long-range correlated disorder are considered. Massive integrals for the vertex function Γ(4) including two or three massless propagators for generic space dimension and for any value of the correlation parameter are evaluated analytically applying Mellin-Barnes method as well as familiar representation for one-loop integrals. Obtained expressions are presented in the form of hypergeometric functions.
Statistics and dynamics of the boundary layer reattachments during the drag crisis transitions of a circular cylinder
Authors: Cadot O. , Desai A. , Mittal S. , Saxena S. , Chandra B.
Published: January 2015

Time series of pressure measured on the periphery of the central section of a circular cylinder of aspect ratio 22 are used to investigate the dynamics of the local reattachments during the drag crisis transitions. A succession of multi-stable dynamics are identified and characterized through conditional statistical analysis as the Reynolds number is increased. The first transition marking an abrupt weakening of the periodic pressure fluctuations associated to the global shedding dynamics is accompanied by the appearance of symmetric and bistable perturbations. Afterwards, two scenarii of asymmetric and symmetric boundary layer reattachments are found. The asymmetric scenario leads to two transitions. During the first transition, the flow explores randomly three stable states to eventually stabilize on the state corresponding to the permanent reattachment on one side of the cylinder. The second transition is bistable and leads to the permanent reattachment on both sides. For the second symmetric scenario, the boundary layer reattachments occur simultaneously on both side of the cylinder. In that case, the flow explores randomly two stable states to eventually stabilize on the state of full reattachment. Pressure distributions of all of these states are characterized as well as their corresponding probabilities during the drag crisis transitions of the critical regime.