bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gauging the threat of invasive species to UNESCO World Heritage Sites relative to other anthropogenic threats.
Authors: Cadotte Marc W. , Alabbasi Mohamed , Akib Sara , Chandradhas Pruthuvie , Gui Joanne , Huang Kelly , Li Adrian , Richardson David M. , Shackleton Ross T.
Published: June 2024

There are 230 UNESCO World Heritage Sites that were designated based on their important natural features. These represent some of the most iconic and important natural places on Earth, with immense value for biodiversity conservation, ecosystem service supply and cultural well-being. Many of these sites are degraded by anthropogenic drivers, including socioeconomic factors (population growth, poverty and tourism), extractive activities (logging, mining, and hunting), external threats (fire, climate change, land-use change, pollution), and biological threats (disease and invasive species). Of these, invasive species remain one of the most problematic for management, and once introduced, populations can grow exponentially and spread to other locations even when actively managed. Given the economic and environmental threats imposed by invasive species, we asked how they compare to the other anthropogenic threats. We reviewed the primary literature for each World Heritage Site and scored the prevalence of 12 different anthropogenic drivers. We found that invasive species rank as one of the most frequently identified threats and pose the greatest degree of concern compared to all other threats, on par with the threat from pollution and greater than logging, land-use change and climate change. We compared our scoring, based on review of the literature, with that of the UNESCO and IUCN monitoring reports. Although there was general agreement between these two assessments, the literature provided information on 55 sites not included in the monitoring reports. We further examine the invasive species examined in the articles and the degree of their perceived impacts on biodiversity, habitat, rare species, ecosystem function, tourism, and economic impacts. It is important that invasive species are well monitored and managed in WHSs to reduce their impacts and meet policy mandated targets and conservation goals.
Wound healing after intracutaneous vs. staple-assisted skin closure in lumbar, non-instrumented spine surgery: a multicenter prospective randomized trial
Authors: Romagna Alexander , Lehmberg Jens , Meier Michael , Stelzer Michael , Rezai Arwin , Anton Jürgen Volker , Eckert Albert , Griessenauer Christoph J. , Bonk Maximilian-Niklas , Sommer Bjoern , Shiban Ehab , Blume Christian , Geroldinger Martin , Schwartz Christoph
Published: June 2024

Purpose
Superficial surgical site infection (SSSI) is a prominent problem in spine surgery. Intracutaneous sutures and staple-assisted closure are two widely used surgical techniques for skin closure. Yet, their comparative impact on wound healing and infection rates is underexplored. Our goal was to address this gap and compare wound healing between these two techniques.
Methods
This study was a multicenter international prospective randomized trial. Patient data were prospectively collected at three large academic centers, patients who underwent non-instrumented lumbar primary spine surgery were included. Patients were intraoperatively randomized to either intracutaneous suture or staple-assisted closure cohorts. The primary endpoint was SSSI within 30 days after surgery according to the wound infection Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) classification system.
Results
Of 207 patients, 110 were randomized to intracutaneous sutures and 97 to staple-assisted closure. Both groups were homogenous with respect to epidemiological as well as surgical parameters. Two patients (one of each group) suffered from an A1 wound infection at the 30-day follow up. Median skin closure time was faster in the staple-assisted closure group (198 seconds vs. 13 seconds, p < 0,001).
Conclusion
This study showed an overall low superficial surgical site infection rate in both patient cohorts in primary non instrumented spine surgery.
Workplace Mistreatment of Swedish Health Care Professionals: Prevalence and Perpetrators across Profession, Sex, and Birth Country
Authors: Gynning Britta Elsert , Sidoli Elinor Forsheden , Blindow Katrina , Cedstrand Emma , Sabbath Erika L. , Brulin Emma
Published: June 2024

Background
This study explores the prevalence and co-occurrence of workplace mistreatment of nurses and physicians along with their perpetrators. We explore the distribution of incivility and identity-based harassment (ethnicity-, gender-based, and/or sexual harassment), combined with sex and birth country in these two professional groups.
Methods
This cross-sectional study draws on survey data including an analytical sample of 141,237 Swedish physicians and nurses in 2022.
Results
Overall, incivility was the most prevalent mistreatment type, ranging from 28.2% among male physicians to 59.5% among nurses born outside Europe. Identity-based harassment ranged from 18.1% among male physicians to 57.8% among nurses born outside Europe. Incivility stemmed most commonly from internal perpetrators (co-workers), and harassment was more commonly experienced by patients or their relatives.
Conclusions
The mistreatment of healthcare professionals was widespread. Different types of mistreatment often co-occur, but prevalence varies substantially. The protective effect of professional status was dependent on social structures.
Continual Learning in Machine Intelligence: A Comparative Analysis of Model Performance
Authors: Gajjar Kimi , Choksi Ami , Gajjar T.
Published: June 2024

Continual Learning (CL) is crucial in artificial intelligence for systems to maintain relevance and effectiveness by adapting to new data while retaining previously acquired knowledge. This study explores the performance of multiple machine learning algorithms in CL tasks across various stock symbol datasets over different years. The algorithms assessed include decision trees, ridge regression, lasso regression, elastic net regression, random forests, support vector machines, gradient boosting, and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). These models are evaluated on their ability to incrementally gather and maintain knowledge over time, crucial for continual learning. Performance is measured using Mean Squared Error (MSE) and R-squared metrics to assess predictive precision and data conformity. Additionally, the evaluation extends to consider stability, flexibility, and scalability—important factors for models operating in dynamic environments. This comprehensive analysis aims to identify which algorithms best support the objectives of continual learning by effectively integrating new information without compromising the integrity of existing knowledge.
Combined targeted and epigenetic-based therapy enhances antitumor immunity by stabilizing GATA6-dependent MHCI expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Siveke Jens , Yang JiaJin , Peng Juanfei , Fang Rui , Godfrey Laura , Gupta Aayush , Adhikari Bikash , Vogt Markus , Wolf Elmar , Grünwald Barbara T , Krebs Niklas , Althoff Kristina , Giglio Giovanni , Liffers Sven-Thorsten , Savvatakis Konstantinos , Trajkovic-Arsic Marija , Teichmann Nicole , Braren Rickmer , Lawlor Rita , Scarpa Aldo , Behrens Diana , Lang Karl , Cheung Phyllis Fung-Yi
Published: June 2024

Intratumoral heterogeneity underlies therapeutic resistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). GATA6 plays pivotal role in regulating tumor cell plasticity in the classical subtype of PDAC. Here we investigated the immune features of GATA6+ tumor cells and exploited targeting strategies to enhance GATA6-dependent anti-tumor immune responses using preclinical PDAC models.
Our findings revealed a positive correlation between GATA6 tumor expression and the presence of CD4+, FOXP3+, CD20+, and tumor-infiltrating CD8+ cells in human PDAC. Through cell-cell communication analysis and multiplex tissue imaging, we confirm strong spatial interactions between GATA6+ tumor cells and immune cells. Transcriptomic profiling of murine PDAC cell lines during pharmacological MAPK inhibition (MEKi) shows a specific enrichment of antigenicity-related gene sets in GATA6+ cancer cells. Targeted GATA6 degradation with an auxin-inducible degron knock-in in murine PDAC cells significantly diminished MEKi-induced MHCI and IFNγ expression. Functional effect of GATA6+ tumor cell-specific MHCI upregulation was confirmed by co-culturing murine PDAC carrying LCMV-gp33 as model antigen with cytotoxic gp33-TCR transgenic T cells in the presence of MEKi. In patient-derived xenografts and genetic mouse models of spontaneous PDAC, MEKi transiently boosted tumor MHCI expression in GATA6+ tumors, which was subsequently reduced upon a treatment-induced mesenchymal state switch. In vivo combined MAPH and HDAC inhibition with trametinib and domatinostat effectively restored GATA6+ tumor cell populations with increased MHCI, resulting in enhanced cytotoxic T cell infiltration, reduced tumor growth and improved survival. Multiplex spatial analysis confirmed higher MHCI expression in GATA6+ tumor cells sensitized to T cell cytotoxicity.
We identified a GATA6-dependent MHCI upregulation in tumor cells upon MEKi, which is counterbalanced by a treatment-induced cell state switch. Combination MEKi with HDACi retained the responsive GATA6+ tumor population, proposing this combination therapy to potentiate immune-based anti-tumor responses.
Evaluating Market Efficiency: An Empirical Study of Bitcoin
Authors: Li Jinyao
Published: June 2024

From the moment of appearance in the global financial system Bitcoin has caused a large number of arguments, disagreements and disputes. Of course, this cryptocurrency has become one of the most cutting-edge inventions of the 21st century beginning. One of the main problems facing the world community is the question of how effective this currency is and if its use is appropriate and lawful, as well as the question of how well Bitcoin fits into the hypothesis of market efficiency.
This article discusses the main aspects of Bitcoin cryptocurrency use, as well as its existence and use within the framework of the hypothesis of market efficiency. In order to determine the relationship between Bitcoin and Ethercoin, the stationarity of the variables was tested with classical unit root tests (ADF, PP) and structural break unit root tests (Lee & Strazicich). Although the variables were integrated to the same degree, there was no long-term relationship between them according to the Hatami-J (2008) cointegration test and market was determined that active in strong form. The short-run asymmetric causality relationship between Bitcoin and Ethercoin the was revealed by Hatemi-J (2012) test. In addition, as part of the article, a large-scale study of domestic and foreign scientific literature on this problem was carried out.
Assessment of critical thermal characteristics and land surface dynamics of an Indian metropolitan city
Authors: Gupta Aman , Sadab Anisha , De Bhaskar
Published: June 2024

Monitoring urban heat islands (UHIs) is crucial as it has become a major health hazard. This paper focuses on an empirical study analyzing causes and spatiotemporal attributes in a tropical metropolis to enrich the urban climate database. A comparative assessment of temperature patterns from Landsat and Terra satellite sensors was performed for day–night scenarios for summer and winter. Results showed that from 2003 to 2014, there was a sharp rise of about 4 °C in average daytime temperature in summer. The temporal UHI increased by 28.52% for summer and 8.37% for winter in the last two decades. The thermal hotspot development was linked to land cover dynamics using surface indices, land use land cover, and local climate zone patterns. The dense green cover was reduced by 652.69 km2, reflecting the major cause behind hotspot development. The presence of water content was reduced, as depicted by a drop in maximum NDWI values from 0.425 to 0.152. The study identified compact mid-rise building arrangements within the built area as critical for hotspot creation. Green roofing with low plants should be prioritized at such locations since it can reduce the average temperature by 2.6 °C. This thorough analysis of climate change will aid in sustainable planning for similar city regions.
Simulating the climate change effects on the Karaj Dam basin: hydrological behavior and runoff
Authors: Nasirabadi Mohammad Sadeghi , Khosrojerdi Amir , Musavi-jahromi Seyed Habib , Sarai Tabrizi Mahdi
Published: June 2024

This study has used Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) and Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). Hence, the runoff simulation was done in near-future period (2030–2050) scenarios by applying climate change conditions for HadGEM2-ES model under three representative concentration pathways RCP2.6, 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios and for HadGEM3-GC31-LL model under SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios. Examining the climatic precipitation variables and minimum and maximum temperature under climate change conditions showed a temperature increase of 1.51–2.91 °C for all models and scenarios and a precipitation decrease of 0.05–11.15% for most of them, and the SWAT model simulation showed a runoff decrease in all four stations under SSP scenarios and a runoff increase in three stations under RCP scenarios. Since the climate data for SSP scenarios have become available only recently, results of this study predict that the overall future flow will vary in the −5 to 28% range, resulting in a 5–35% decrease in the flow and, hence, a decrease in the inflow to the dam reservoir. Based on the results, there is a possibility of a 5–30% reduction of the runoff entering the dam reservoir.
A testagem da Memória de Trabalho em pesquisas brasileiras: uma investigação sobre usos e adaptações do Reading Span Test (RST) e do Operation-Word Span Test (OSPAN)
Authors: Soares Vinicius Aparecido Gomes , Matielo Rafael
Published: June 2024

Este estudo examina a natureza dos testes de Memória de Trabalho (MT) do tipo Teste de Capacidade de Leitura (RST) e Teste Soma-Palavra (OSPAN) utilizados em pesquisas no Brasil baseado em buscas no Portal de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES para verificar: (i) O número de estudos no Brasil que têm feito uso do RST e do OSPAN; (ii) Idioma e versão dos testes; (iii) O grau de divergência dos procedimentos de aplicação dos testes em relação aos originais; (iv) O grau de divergência nos procedimentos de correção dos testes em relação aos originais. Os dados foram analisados de forma qualitativa e quantitativa e sistematizados a fim de responder às perguntas de pesquisa. As análises dos vinte estudos encontrados mostraram que o RST é o teste mais utilizado para medir a capacidade da MT em tarefas de compreensão leitora, e o OSPAN em tarefas de domínios gerais. Ambos os testes foram aplicados predominantemente em língua portuguesa, baseando-se em versões traduzidas das originais e adaptadas por pesquisadores brasileiros. Os procedimentos de aplicação dos testes divergiram quanto à forma e organização dos estímulos e a adoção de critérios adicionais, enquanto os procedimentos de correção divergiram pela adoção de duas medidas de correção. Algumas implicações teórico-metodológicas à luz dos resultados são discutidas.
Sustainable innovation and business success: The mediating roles of information technology capability and knowledge management
Authors:   College of Business, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia, Hussien Balsam Saeed Abdelrhman , Benlaria Houcine ,   College of Business, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia, Sadaoui Naima ,   College of Business, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia, Ahmed Sumaya Awad Khader ,   College of Business, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia, Lzabat Lotfi Zabat ,   College of Business, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia, Badreldin Badreldin Mohamed Ahmed Abdulrahman ,   College of Business, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
Published: June 2024

In this study, our goal was to explore the connections between Sustainable Innovation (SI), Business Success (BS), Information Technology Capability (ITC), and Knowledge Management (KM) within Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Saudi Arabia. We chose a quantitative method, grounded in a positivist viewpoint, and selected 180 officials from Saudi Arabian SMEs using a targeted approach. We gathered data through a structured questionnaire and analyzed it with Covariance-Based Structural Equation Modeling (CB-SEM) to understand how these variables interact. Our results showed that SI did not have a direct and significant effect on BS. However, it had a notable positive influence on ITC and KM. Furthermore, both ITC and KM were found to significantly boost BS, highlighting their crucial mediating roles. These findings point out the indirect but essential influence of SI on BS by improving technological abilities and KM processes. This provides important guidance for SMEs in Saudi Arabia on how to effectively utilize SI.
The results of epidemiological analysis of salmonellosis incidence in the Rostov region under current conditions
Authors: Kovalev E. V. , Erganova E. G. , Nenadskaya S. A. , Rodionova M. M. , Leonenko N. V. , Miroshnichenko G. A. , Karlov A. V. , Burya E. Yu. , Noskova O. A. , Dorofeeva I. K. , Vodyanitskaya S. Yu.
Published: June 2024

Objective: to study the features of the epidemic process of salmonella infection under current conditions. To establish a causal relationship between the incidence of salmonellosis and the functioning of public catering enterprises, which can form the epidemiological risks.

Materials and methods: to assess the intensity, dynamics and structure of the epidemic process of salmonella infection, methods of operative and retrospective epidemiological analysis used, to identify and characterize etiological agents — laboratory methods: bacteriological, serological, molecular genetic analysis.

Results: in the course of the study, the epidemiological features of the spread of salmonellosis in the Rostov region were established, the main risks which can form multiple foci were determined on the example of a specific epidemic situation: the possible source of infection, pathways and transmission factors, the etiological agent — Salmonella enteritidis gr. O:9 (D1). Gross violations of sanitary legislation in organizing the work of a public catering enterprise caused a wide contamination of finished culinary goods by pathogens of salmonella infection.

Conclusion: based on the identified features of the epidemic process, a complex of measures developed; the focus of infection localized and eliminated. Recommendations for the prevention of salmonellosis for workers in objects of a similar profile and the population are given.
Quality of life of patients and distinctive properties of the postoperative period after minimally invasive video-assisted hemithyroidectomy
Authors: Kurganov I. A. , Mamistvalov M. Sh. , Usmanov I. S. , Emelyanov S. I.
Published: June 2024

Objective: to study indicators of the quality of life of patients and features of the course of the postoperative period after minimally invasive video-assisted hemithyroidectomy (MIVAH) in comparison with traditional open hemithyroidectomy (OH).

Materials and methods: an analysis of the quality of life and postoperative results was carried out in 92 patients with benign nodular neoplasms of the thyroid gland. The study group included 45 patients who underwent MIVAH. The control group included 47 patients who underwent OH.

Results: pain levels were lower in the MIVAH group throughout the evaluation period. At the same time, the statistical significance of the differences (p<0.05) in the level of pain was noted at 24–-48 hours after the operation. Swallowing disorders were noted by patients less frequently in the MIVAH group (by 14.0% 1 month after surgery and by 8.0% after 6 months). Analysis of quality of life indicators on the SF-36 scale demonstrated that at 1 month after surgery, patients in the MIVAH group had higher values of the Physical Functioning (92.7±10.2 versus 83.1±15.3 points; p<0.05), Role-Physical Functioning (86.1±11.7 versus 63.0±14.8 points; p<0.01) and Social Functioning (82.4±13.9 versus 72.6±14.8 points; p<0.05). 6 months after surgery, all SF-36 scale indicators showed leveling off between the comparison groups.

Conclusions: the MIVAH technique, compared with traditional open surgery, is characterized by an improvement in a number of indicators of the postoperative period. After MIVAH, the quality of life of patients is significantly higher in the early postoperative period, but in the long-term postoperative period, the quality of life shows comparable indicators both after MIVAH and after OH.
Incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) for 2018–2022
Authors: Sydykova L. A. , Burtseva T. E. , Bugova L. A.
Published: June 2024

Objective: to analyze the incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).

Materials and methods: the article presents a retrospective analysis of the primary and general incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), as well as socio-demographic information, main complications and therapy according to the regional register of diabetes mellitus.

Results: In 2018–2022 in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), there is a certain tendency to decrease the general and primary morbidity of the adult population with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The increase in the general and primary morbidity of the child population with type 1 diabetes mellitus in 2021-2022 is especially alarming.

Conclusion: the data of the retrospective analysis clearly define the concept of improving the endocrinological service in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) on the basis of clinical and epidemiological monitoring of type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Association of Fine Particulate Matter and Residential Greenness With Risk of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Retreatment: Population-Based Retrospective Study
Authors: Guo Tonglei , Shen Fei , Xin Henan , Du Jiang , Cao Xuefang , Feng Boxuan , He Yijun , Shen Lingyu , Di Yuanzhi , Chen Yanxiao , Li Zihan , Jin Qi , Li Hongzhi , Zhang Chunming , Gao Lei
Published: June 2024

Background

The evidence on the association of fine particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 μm or less (PM2.5) with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) retreatment is limited. There are no data on whether greenness exposure protects air pollution–related PTB retreatment in patients with prior PTB.

Objective

In a population-based retrospective study, we aimed to investigate the influence of PM2.5 and residential greenness on the risk of PTB retreatment.

Methods

A total of 26,482 patients with incident PTB, registered in a mandatory web-based reporting system between 2012 and 2019 in Zhengzhou, China, were included in the analysis. The exposure to PM2.5 was assessed based on the China High Air Pollutants dataset, and the level of greenness was estimated using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values. The associations of PTB retreatment with exposure to PM2.5 and greenness were evaluated, respectively, considering the local socioeconomic level indicated by the nighttime light index.

Results

Among the 26,482 patients (mean age 46.86, SD 19.52 years) with a median follow-up time of 1523 days per patient, 1542 (5.82%) PTB retreatments were observed between 2012 and 2019. Exposure to PM2.5 was observed to be significantly associated with the increased risk of PTB retreatment in fully adjusted models with a hazard ratio of 1.97 (95% CI 1.34‐2.83) per 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5. Patients living in the regions with relatively high quartiles of NDVI values had a 45% lower risk of PTB retreatment than those living in the regions with the lowest quartile for the 500 m buffers (hazard ratio 0.55, 95% CI 0.40‐0.77). Such a protective effect of residential greenness was more pronounced among patients living in lower nighttime light areas. The strength of the association between PM2.5 exposure and the risk of PTB retreatment was attenuated by greenness. No significant association was observed between NDVI and the incidence of drug resistance.

Conclusions

Long-term exposure to PM2.5 might be a risk factor for PTB retreatment, while an increased level of residential greenness was found to be associated with reduced risks of PTB retreatment. Our results suggest strengthening the control of ambient air pollution and improving residential greenness may contribute to the reduction of PTB retreatment.
Web-Based Forums for People Experiencing Substance Use or Gambling Disorders: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Peart Annette , Horn Freya , Petukhova Rachel , Barnett Anthony , Lubman Dan I
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

For people experiencing substance use or gambling disorders, web-based peer-supported forums are a space where they can share their experiences, gather around a collective goal, and find mutual support. Web-based peer support can help to overcome barriers to attending face-to-face meetings by enabling people experiencing addiction to seek support beyond their physical location and with the benefit of anonymity if desired. Understanding who participates in web-based peer-supported forums (and how), and the principles underpinning forums, can also assist those interested in designing or implementing similar platforms.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to review the literature on how people experiencing substance use or gambling disorders, and their family, friends, and supporters, use and participate in web-based peer-supported forums. Specifically, we asked the following research questions: (1) What are the characteristics of people who use web-based peer-supported substance use or gambling-focused forums? (2) How do people participate in web-based peer-supported forums? (3) What are the key principles reportedly underpinning the web-based peer-supported forums? (4) What are the reported outcomes of web-based peer-supported forums?

METHODS

Inclusion criteria for our scoping review were peer-reviewed primary studies reporting on web-based addiction forums for adults and available in English. A primary search of 10 databases occurred in June 2021, with 2 subsequent citation searches of included studies in September 2022 and February 2024.

RESULTS

Of the 14 included studies, the majority of web-based peer-supported forums reported were aimed specifically for, or largely used by, people experiencing alcohol problems. Results from the 9 studies that did report demographic data suggest forum users were typically women, aged between 40 years and early 50 years. Participation in web-based peer-supported forums was reported quantitatively and qualitatively. The forums reportedly were underpinned by a range of key principles, mostly mutual help approaches and recovery identity formation. Only 3 included studies reported on outcomes for forum users.

CONCLUSIONS

Web-based peer-supported forums are used by people experiencing addiction in a number of ways, to share information and experiences, and give and receive support. Seeking web-based support offers an alternative approach to traditional face-to-face support options, and may reduce some barriers to engaging in peer support.
Differences in Physicians’ Ratings of Work Stressors and Resources Associated With Digital Transformation: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Wekenborg Magdalena Katharina , Förster Katharina , Schweden Florian , Weidemann Robin , Bechtolsheim Felix von , Kirschbaum Clemens , Weitz Jürgen , Ditzen Beate
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic rapidly accelerated the need and implementation of digital innovations, especially in medicine.

OBJECTIVE

To gain a better understanding of the stress associated with digital transformation in physicians, this study aims to identify working conditions that are stress relevant for physicians and differ in dependence on digital transformation. In addition, we examined the potential role of individual characteristics (ie, age, gender, and actual implementation of a digital innovation within the last 3 years) in digitalization-associated differences in these working conditions.

METHODS

Cross-sectional web-based questionnaire data of 268 physicians (mean age 40.9, SD 12.3 y; n=150, 56% women) in Germany were analyzed. Physicians rated their chronic stress level and 11 relevant working conditions (ie, work stressors such as time pressure and work resources such as influence on sequence) both before and after either a fictional or real implementation of a relevant digital transformation at their workplace. In addition, a subsample of individuals (60; n=33, 55% women) submitted self-collected hair samples for cortisol analysis.

RESULTS

The stress relevance of the selected working conditions was confirmed by significant correlations with self-rated chronic stress and hair cortisol levels (hair F) within the sample, all of them in the expected direction (P values between .01 and <.001). Multilevel modeling revealed significant differences associated with digital transformation in the rating of 8 (73%) out of 11 working conditions. More precisely, digital transformation was associated with potentially stress-enhancing effects in 6 working conditions (ie, influence on procedures and complexity of tasks) and stress-reducing effects in 2 other working conditions (ie, perceived workload and time pressure). Younger individuals, women, and individuals whose workplaces have implemented digital innovations tended to perceive digitalization-related differences in working conditions as rather stress-reducing.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study lays the foundation for future hypothesis-based longitudinal research by identifying those working conditions that are stress relevant for physicians and prone to differ as a function of digital transformation and individual characteristics.
Neither Corpus Nor Edition: Building a Pipeline to Make Data Analysis Possible on Medieval Arabic Commentary Traditions
Authors: Lit Cornelis van , Roorda Dirk
Published: June 2024

We have built a suite of tools in Python to proficiently analyze text reuse and intertextuality for a specific kind of set of medieval Arabic texts (commentaries) available in print. We take these printed editions, scan them, pre-process the images, give it to an OCR engine, clean the results, and store it in a data structure that mimics the explicit intertextual relation the texts have, and continue to perform data analysis on it. Digital approaches to medieval Arabic texts have either been at the micro-level in what has become known as a ‘digital edition’, i.e. the digital representation of one text, densely annotated, most commonly in TEI-XML, or it has been done at the macro-level in what is called a ‘digital corpus’, consisting of thousands of loosely encoded and sparsely annotated plain text files, accompanied by an entire infrastructure and high-performing software to perform broadly scoped queries. The micro-level generally is at the level of tens of thousands of words while the macro-level can be at the level of over a billion words. The micro-level is explicitly designed to be human readable first, while the macro-level is built to be machine readable first. At the micro-level, every little detail needs to be correct and in order, while at the macro-level a fairly large margin of error is still negligible as a mere rounding error. Amidst these levels we have been seeking a meso-level of digital analysis: neither edition nor corpus, but rather a group of texts at the level of hundreds of thousands to millions of words, with a small but perceptible margin of error, and a light but noticeable level of annotations, principally geared towards machine readability, but with ample opportunity for visual inspection and manual correction. In this paper we explain the rationale for our approach, the technical achievements it has led us to, and the results we so far obtained.
Research on the Development Path of Rural Industry Revitalization by Non-Legacy of Folklore: Taking Chaoshan Meeting of p county in Linfen City as an Example
Authors: Cao Yiwei , Xie Jiarui , Li Jiahan , Shi Jiwen , Wei Liangyin
Published: June 2024

with the development of digital economy, the protection and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage has become an important issue to be solved. As an important part of Chinese traditional culture, non-heritage of folk-custom carries rich historical and cultural connotation and national spirit. However, with the changes of the times and the widening gap between urban and rural development, many non-heritage projects of folk-custom are facing the crisis of loss. As a folk celebration with profound historical and cultural background, Chaoshan meeting in p county of Linfen City, Shanxi province carries rich local cultural connotation. This paper aims to analyze the present situation of Chaoshan society in Linfen city, Shanxi Province, and discuss the development dilemma of micro-, middle-and macro-levels, and put forward a targeted development path to promote the revitalization of rural industries and inheritance of non-heritage protection work in-depth development.
A Review of Research on the English Translation of Xi Jinping: The Governance of China
Authors: Kelu Shu , Zejuan Li
Published: June 2024

After combing through the literature on the English translation of Xi Jinping: The Governance of China from 2015 to 2022, it was found that most of the relevant research focused on three aspects: translation strategies, external communication and national image construction, and research based on discourse analysis. However, the research on these three aspects is not balanced. The first two aspects have more literature and more in-depth research, while the third aspect has fewer papers and more scattered research. The analysis shows that the research on the foreign translation of important party and state documents based on discourse analysis shows the characteristics of scientific methods and novel perspectives, and has strong academic value. Research in these three aspects can be further integrated, expanded and explored under the theoretical framework of discourse analysis, which can produce more theoretically innovative research results.
Más allá de la educación ambiental: la dimensión participativa para la conservación de la biodiversidad en el estado de Guerrero, México
Authors: Medina Valdivia Sandy Astrid , Aguilar Cucurachi María del Socorro
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: identificar y evaluar en la literatura contemporánea, las dinámicas actuales de la Educación Ambiental (EA) en Guerrero, México, con un enfoque específico en la conservación de la biodiversidad. Este estudio aborda los principales enfoques y desafíos éticos, inherentes a la práctica de la EA en Guerrero, a fin de identificar áreas de oportunidad que puedan fortalecer el impacto de la EA en la conservación de la biodiversidad.
Diseño metodológico: se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura emergente relacionada con la EA y la biodiversidad en Guerrero. Se seleccionaron 34 estudios de 80, para identificar patrones y tendencias en la EA en el estado.
Resultados: en Guerrero existe una tendencia hacia la Educación Ambiental Participativa (EAP), con un enfoque en la interacción con actores locales para la conservación de la biodiversidad. Se destaca la falta de consideraciones éticas en muchos estudios, así como la barrera idiomática en la difusión del conocimiento. Se identifican áreas de oportunidad en la inclusión de la dimensión política, la necesidad de enfoques más integrales y la importancia de la formación en ética y procesos participativos.
Limitaciones de la investigación: la posible omisión de publicaciones no indexadas en las bases de datos utilizadas. Además, la falta de descripciones detalladas en algunos estudios limitó la comprensión de la efectividad de las intervenciones de EA.
Hallazgos: se resalta la importancia de fortalecer la EA en Guerrero con un enfoque en la participación para la conservación de la biodiversidad. Se enfatiza la necesidad de consideraciones éticas, la superación de barreras idiomáticas y la promoción de proyectos a largo plazo.
Elevating Performance Through AI-Driven Mock Interviews
Authors: Patil Pankaj Rambhau
Published: June 2024

Abstract: This paper proposes an innovative AI-based mock interview platform designed to enhance interview preparedness by assessing candidates across three key dimensions: emotions, confidence, and knowledge. Utilizing deep learning convolutional neural networks, the system analyzes facial expressions to gauge emotional responses, while speech recognition and natural language processing evaluate the candidate's confidence levels. Additionally, semantic analysis and keyword mapping assess the candidate's knowledge by comparing responses with relevant online resources. This comprehensive approach aims to reduce pre-interview anxiety, boost confidence, and refine interview skills, providing a more effective preparation tool compared to traditional methods.
Author Profiling Approach: Predicting Personality Traits on Twitter Data using Combined BERT and SimCSE Embeddings
Authors: Jyothi Kottu Divya
Published: June 2024

Abstract: Author profiling involves predicting various characteristics of an author from their writing style, including age, gender, native language, and personality traits. The PAN2015 shared task concentrated on author profiling within social media, challenging participants to predict the personality traits of Twitter users based on their tweets. In recent years, deep learning methods have risen to prominence in author profiling. Researchers frequently employ several notable models such as Word2Vec, doc2vec, GloVe, and FastText for generating word embeddings. These models have consistently shown effectiveness across various natural language processing tasks. For the PAN2015 task, participants employed a range of deep learning models to generate word embeddings, aiming to predict the age, gender, and personality traits of Twitter users. In this study, our focus was on enhancing the accuracy of personality traits classification using the PAN2015 dataset, a renowned benchmark corpus for author profiling. We employed pre-trained deep learning models, namely BERT and SimCSE, to generate word embeddings and sentence embeddings. For classification, we utilized Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Convolution Neural Network (CNN) classifiers. Our findings revealed that the LSTM model, integrated with combined BERT and SimCSE embeddings, achieved an accuracy of 87.53% for personality traits classification, while the CNN model, similarly equipped, attained 80.48%. Additionally, utilizing BERT alone with LSTM yielded an accuracy of 78.45%, and with CNN, 75.32%. Our findings highlight the versatility of these models in addressing a range of natural language processing tasks, indicating their potential utility in diverse author profiling applications.
Experimental Investigation of Material Flow and Welding defects in Friction Welding process of Cu-SS Dissimilar Materials
Authors: Velu Selvakumar
Published: June 2024

Abstract: A particular form of welding that makes use of the heat produced by friction is called friction welding. A pressure force contacts the surfaces of two materials that need to be connected; one is rotating while the other is at rest. In order for the heat produced by the continuous friction to continue rising, friction is applied continually to the second contact surface. In this study, dissimilar friction welding between grade 308 L stainless steel (SS) and copper (Cu) is investigated for a pipe joint design with a wall thickness of 1.50 mm and an outer diameter of 13 mm. The machine RPM, dwell duration, friction time, and friction force are the constant parameters that are used. The maximum ultimate tensile strength of 764 MPa, or almost 128% of the SS base material, was found in the SS to SS weld sample and 104 MPa, or nearly 80% of the Cu basis material, in the CU to CU weld sample. The most significant maximum tensile strength of 349 MPa was achieved by SS to Cu. In along with the study of the mechanical behavior and microstructure, the weld quality was evaluated using corrosion behavior analysis and leak proof testing.
Productivity Improvement by Process Mapping in Sand and Casting Industry
Authors: Kamble Prof. Pratik , Hakim Mohammad Kaif Faiyaz
Published: June 2024

Abstract: This research paper presents a comprehensive investigation into the efficacy of process mapping as a means of enhancing productivity within the sand and casting industry. Through the meticulous analysis of current state maps and the strategic development of future state maps, this study identifies and addresses inefficiencies in foundry operations, offering practical suggestions for the integration of new technologies, reduction of takt time, and alleviation of bottlenecks. Additionally, employing methodologies such as Time Study with Process Improvement, Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) analysis, and Rejection Analysis, this research provides a multifaceted approach to process optimization. By synthesizing empirical findings and industry insights, this paper not only underscores the importance of process mapping in enhancing efficiency but also offers actionable strategies to streamline operations and elevate productivity within the sand and casting sector.
“Otra máquina le ganó al hombre”: tratamiento de la inteligencia artificial en la prensa digital argentina
Authors: Sandoval Luis Ricardo
Published: June 2024

En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de un análisis de contenido de artículos publicados en cinco medios digitales generalistas argentinos en los que se tematiza la inteligencia artificial, la robotización y la automatización de procesos. El corpus se sometió a un abordaje de minería de datos y luego se seleccionó una muestra representativa que fue abordada con un análisis de contenido, a partir de variables como el área de incidencia de la noticia (salud, educación, gobierno), el origen geográfico, las fuentes y la apelación a temores o expectativas. Los principales hallazgos se centran en la similitud de enfoques de los cinco medios (los que, por lo demás, presentan líneas editoriales muy diferentes respecto a la agenda de discusión pública más general), el abordaje mayormente favorable o positivo de estas innovaciones, el sesgo empresarial en las fuentes utilizadas y el predominio, como expectativas y temores aludidos, del eje comodidad-obsolescencia.
Estructura factorial del perfil emprendedor del joven universitario
Authors: Rangel Luquez Olivia , Sierra Toncel Wilmar , Alvarado Mejía Marelis
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: analizar el perfil emprendedor de los jóvenes universitarios del departamento de La Guajira, Colombia.
Metodología: la metodología empleada fue bajo un enfoque cuantitativo, tipo descriptivo, usando la técnica del análisis factorial exploratorio para identificar las variables subyacentes al perfil emprendedor del joven universitario; la recolección de la información, por su parte, se realizó mediante un cuestionario estructurado con diferentes opciones de respuestas, aplicado a una muestra de 375 jóvenes.
Resultados: cuatro factores son confirmados mediante el análisis factorial: locus interno y externo, la mentalidad gerencial y la inteligencia emocional, los cuales identifican el perfil del joven universitario. Además, se evidenció que los jóvenes consideran que la ética en los negocios, la necesidad de aceptación, la capacidad de comunicación y la actitud hacia el cambio son fundamentales para ser un emprendedor exitoso. 
Conclusiones: el perfil emprendedor de los jóvenes universitarios está constituido por la capacidad para el manejo de conflicto, la resolución de problemas, empatía, trabajo en equipo, facilidad para toma de decisiones, perseverancia, capacidad de liderazgo, autoconocimiento y motivación como factores importantes en la estructura del perfil emprendedor, para aprovechar las oportunidades y resolver los problemas que se presenten en la toma de decisiones apropiadas.
Originalidad: la investigación aporta una estructura dimensional para analizar el perfil emprendedor de los jóvenes universitarios.
On the issue of deformation and energy assessment of soil condition during tillage
Authors:   Primorsky State Agrarian and Technological University, Shishlov Sergey A. , Shishlov Aleksandr N. ,   Primorsky State Agrarian and Technological University, Shishlov Dmitry S. ,   Primorsky State Agrarian and Technological University
Published: June 2024

Soil is greatly affected with working parts of agricultural machines and implements during agrotechnical operations of mechanical tillage. Technical means taking part in agricultural production such as wheeled and tracked propulsors of tractors, combines, trailers and other cause an acting deforming load on soil. Any type of soil deformation is carried out using a certain amount of expended energy, therefore the process of changing the properties of the soil when exposed to deformers is associated with giving it a certain energy level. In this case, as the energy costs associated with the transition of soil from one state to another, one should take not the dissipated energy of the working body acting on the soil, but the energy absorbed by the soil, since it is this part of the energy that determines the transition of the soil from one state to another. In this regard, it is proposed to assess the stress-strain and energy state of the soil on the basis of a mechanical model of its compression. The article presents some results of theoretical studies aimed at developing such a model. The mechanical model of soil compression characterizes its stress-strain state at all stages of deformation under the energetic influence of working bodies and running systems of agricultural machinery from the moment of the onset of deformation until destruction. For this purpose, the mechanical model of soil compression sequentially and in parallel includes elastic and viscous elements in which stress redistribution occurs when the rate of application of the deforming load changes, which corresponds to a real change in the stress-strain state of the soil under specific conditions.
I.A. Krylov’s “Fables” in F.M. Dostoevsky’s Novel The Idiot
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Podosokorsky Nikolay N.
Published: June 2024

The article explores the presence of I.A. Krylov’s “Fables” as a book within a book in F.M. Dostoevsky’s novel The Idiot, making the first approaches to the development of the topic “Dostoevsky and Krylov,” which practically did not attract the attention of researchers earlier, despite the numerous references of the writer to Krylov’s legacy. In the text of the novel Idiot, only two Krylov fables are directly mentioned. However, one of them (named by Ferdyshchenko “The Lion and the Donkey”) is a reference to the plot, which is common to two fables at once (“The Aged Lion” and “The Fox and the Donkey”). In addition, the release of “Idiot” coincided with the celebration in Russia in 1868 of the centenary of Krylov’s birth, which was also indirectly reflected in the novel (it is a well-known fact that while working on “Idiot,” Dostoevsky, who was abroad at that time, was keenly interested in this anniversary). The author suggests new interpretations of the role of Krylov’s fables in the novel and, in particular, substantiates the connection of Krylov’s “The Cloud,” first published in the journal “Son of the Fatherland” in 1815, with the legendary image of Napoleon after Waterloo (which is extremely important for the depiction of the Napoleonic myth in the novel Idiot).