bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Removal of Sulfur Dioxide by Carbon Impregnated with Triethylenediamine, Using Indigenously Developed Pilot Scale Setup
Authors: Kiani Sidra Shaoor , Ullah Atif , Farooq Amjad , Ahmad Masroor , Irfan Naseem , Nawaz Mohsan
Published: June 2021

In order to provide protection against extremely toxic gases Activated Carbon (AC) adsorption has long been regarded to be a useful technology in terms of gas removal. AC without chemical impregnation has been considerably less effective than impregnated ACs. AC in present use was modified with an organic amine i.e. triethylenediamine (TEDA) to enhance the physical and chemical properties of AC in order to remove specific poisonous gases. Purpose of this study was to assess the TEDA impregnated AC in terms of adsorption capability for simulant gas like SO2. Analysis was done in a properly designed setup. By using the scheme reported here, significant adsorption of toxic gas was obtained. Maximum removal capability observed by AC-4 for SO2 gas was 3.74 g/g-C and its breakthrough time was 264 minutes. Breakthrough time and adsorption capacity of AC-4 was found to be 25 times and 10 times greater as compared to raw AC. Different characterization techniques were also used to study impregnated AC. It was found that chemical adsorption was the crucial means by which TEDA impregnated AC removed the simulant gas. Langmuir model was best to represent equilibrium and adsorption kinetics follow second order model. The process was endothermic, favorable and spontaneous.
Fluctuations in Waist Circumference Increase the Risk of Diabetes in 61,587 Older Adults: 4 Years’ Chort Study
Authors: Wu Linna , Liu Hongyan , Cui Zhuang , Hou Fang , Gong Xiaowen , Zhang Yourui , Lu Chunlan , Liu Hao , Yu Pei
Published: June 2021

Purpose:To evaluate the effect of fluctuations in waist circumference (WC), weight, body mass index (BMI) on diabetes incidence in older adults.Patients and methods:We examined a prospective cohort of 61,587 older adults (age, 60-96 years) who did not have diabetes at study initiation. Data on weight, BMI, and WC were collected and participants were followed-up until 31 December 2019 . The main endpoint was new-onset diabetes. A Cox regression model was used to estimate the risk of diabetes (hazard ratios [HRs] and confidence intervals [CI]) in these participants.Results:During a mean followed-up of 3.6 years, individuals being overweight (HR [95% CI] 1.87 [1.62-2.17]), obesity (1.41 [1.26-1.59]), abdominal obesity (1.42 [1.28-1.58]), and obesity plus abdominal obesity at baseline (1.93 [1.66-2.25]) had higher risk of diabetes onset. Compared with older adults who “remained normal WC”, who “remained abdominally obese” (HR=1.66), “became abdominally obese”(HR=1.58) and “achieved normal WC” (HR=1.36) were also significantly associated with diabetes onset,as well as increase in WC >3 cm or >5% compared with baseline level . Weight gain or loss >6 kg or weight gain >5%; increase or decrease in BMI >2 kg/m2 or an increase in BMI >10% were associated with a higher diabetes risk. Diabetes risk reduced by 19% in overweight older adults who exercised daily.Conclusion:For old adults, waist circumference, BMI and healthy weight maintenance reduce diabetes risk. The findings may provide evidence for developing guidelines of proper weight and waist circumference control for older adults.
Combining Renewable Eleostearic Acid and Eugenol To Fabricate Sustainable Plasticizer and Its Effect of Plasticizing on PVC
Authors: Ma Yufeng , Song Fei , Yu Juan , Wang Nannan , Jia Puyou , Zhou Yonghong
Published: June 2021

The recent studies on sustainable plasticizer mainly focus on raw material source, synthesis method and plasticization, but the effect of chemical functional groups (epoxy group and ester group) of sustainable plasticizer on compatibility and thermal stability of plasticized polyvinyl chlorid (PVC) materials has been ignored. In this study, we synthesized two kinds of sustainable plasticizer, eleostearic acid eugenol ester(EAEE) and epoxidized EAEE. PVC films plasticized with EAEE were investigated and compared with epoxidized EAEE. PVC plasticized with epoxidized EAEE showed more flexible and thermal stability than EAEE. More hydrogen bonds were formed between PVC chains and epoxidized EAEE than that of PVC chains and EAEE, which caused the that epoxidized EAEE played more efficient plasticizing effect on PVC than EAEE. Epoxidized EAEE containing the flexible alkane chains and polar group (ester groups and epoxy groups) has stronger intermolecular interaction force than EAEE, causing homogeneous and smooth surface of plasticized PVC films.
Isolation, Partial Purification and Characterization of a Novel Restriction Enzyme from Pseudomonas Anguilliseptica
Authors: Pathirana Swarna Nirosha Jayasinghe , Elvitigala Don Anushka Sandaruwan , Nanayakkara Chandrika Malkanthi , Suravajhala Prashanth , Rajapakse Sanath , Hettiarachchi Gardhi Hewage Chamari Madhu , Chandrasekharan Naduviladath Vishvanath
Published: June 2021

Type II restriction enzymes (REs) which can cleave double stranded DNA in a sequence specific manner have many applications in recombinant DNA technology and are considered the work horses of molecular biology. Soil and water samples were screened for isolation of bacteria, harboring restriction enzymes. Cell lysates of isolated bacteria were incubated with unmethylated λ DNA, followed by analysis by agarose gel electrophoresis. The presence of distinct banding patterns indicated the presence of REs. Nine putative isolates harboring REs were morphologically and molecularly characterized using 16S rRNA analysis and belonged to four different genera (Acinetobacter, Lysinibacillus, Pseudomonas, and Brevibacillus). A HindIII like restriction digestion profile was observed in a lysate of a soil bacterium belonging to genus Pseudomonas. Based on 16S rRNA analysis, the bacterial species was identified as P. angulliseptica. The enzyme was partially purified and optimum conditions for enzyme activity and its recognition sequence were determined. The enzyme showed optimum activity at 40 0C and was stable at 40 °C for 20 minutes without the DNA substrate. The Recognition sequence of the enzyme was determined and found to be 5’AAGCT 3’ indicating it to be an isoschizomer of HindIII. The whole genome of the Pseudomonas species was sequenced and the coding sequence of the gene for the putative HindIII isoschizomer was identified together with other genes encoding putative REs. The gene coding for the HindIII isoschizomer was analyzed in silico and its homology and evolutionary relationship to other known isoschizomers of HindIII were determined. The enzyme was tentatively designated as PanI.
Optimal JPEG Quantization Table Fusion by Optimizing Texture Mosaic Images and Predicting Textures
Authors: Huang Chen-Hsiu , Wu Ja-Ling
Published: June 2021

The JPEG standard allows the use of a customized quantization table; however, it is still challenging to find an optimal quantization table timely. This work aims to solve the dilemma of balancing computational cost and image-specific optimality by introducing a new concept of texture mosaic images. Instead of optimizing a single image or a collection of representative images, the conventional JPEG optimization techniques can be applied to the texture mosaic image to obtain an optimal quantization table for each texture category. We use the simulated annealing technique as an example to validate our framework. To effectively learn the visual features of textures, we use the ImageNet pre-trained MobileNetV2 model to train and predict the new image's texture distribution, then fuse optimal texture tables to come out with an image-specific optimal quantization table. Our experiment demonstrates around 30% size reduction with a slight decrease of FSIM quality but visually indistinguishable on the evaluation datasets. Moreover, our rate-distortion curve shows superior and competitive performance against other prior works under a high-quality setting. The proposed method, denoted as JQF, achieves per image optimality for JPEG encoding with less than one second additional timing cost.
Gas Phase Acidities of Organic Acids Based on 9H-Fluorene Scaffold: A DFT Study
Authors: Saeidian Hamid , Farzin Baharak , Mirjafary Zohreh
Published: June 2021

The density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been performed on a new set of organic Brønsted acids based on 9H-fluorene scaffold. The optimal structures and acidity of the compounds have been calculated by using DFT/B3LYP/6-31++G(d,p) computational method. The acidity of the designed compounds was obtained in the range of 276-328 kcal/mol that the fluorene scaffold bearing ketenimine group 17 and trifilic group 20 with ΔHacid of 276.3 and 285.4 kcal/mol, respectively were found to be within the range of superacids, being more acidic than simple fluorene and mineral acids. The designed compounds and the corresponding conjugate bases were also examined from the aromaticity indices point of view. The tautomerization process for some designed structures was investigated by DFT calculations. Molecular electrostatic potential analysis for the designed acids and the corresponding conjugate bases were also used for charge distribution analysis.
Infection and drug resistance of Streptococcus agalactiae among perinatal pregnant women in Xinjiang
Authors: Guo Shuli , Luo Xiandao , Jia Haiying , Pang Xiuhui , Wang Changmin , Chen Cheng
Published: June 2021

Background: Group B streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae) is one of the most common pathogens causing meningitis, bacteremia and pneumonia. The drug resistance mechanisms of group B streptococcus in different countries and regions also show regional differences.Method: The study population was comprised of 1877 pregnant women of 34-38 weeks who underwent prenatal examination in the gynecology and obstetrics outpatient clinic of Xinjiang People's Hospital, between January 1, 2019 and January 31, 2020. Clinic specimens were collected and identified by the API bacteria Rapid Identification card for the downstream group B Streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae) isolation. Drug susceptibility of the Streptococcus agalactiae isolated was detected by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Macrolide–lincosamide–streptogramin B (MLSB) resistance was determined by D test. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Gene sequencing was performed for the resistance genes ermA, ermB, mreA, erm (47), mefA/E and Lin B.Results: 149 Streptococcus agalactiae-positive strains were identified by clinical isolation, with a positive rate of 7.94%. Group B Streptococcus showed 100% susceptibility to linezolid, penicillin, vancomycin, meropenem, ampicillin, ceftriaxone, 44.97%, 35.57%, 56.38% and 29.53% susceptibility to levofloxacin, erythromycin, tetracycline and clindamycin, respectively. Among the 149 isolates, 127 strains showed macrolide resistance phenotype. The detection rate of intrinsic resistance phenotype (cMLS) was 40.94% (59/127), active efflux resistance phenotype (MS) 9.45% (12/127), and induced resistance phenotype (iMLS) 22.83% (29/127).Conclusion: The ermB gene-mediated 50s ribosome target site change co-existing with mreA gene for macrolide resistance efflux may play a major role in the mechanism of Streptococcus agalactiae resistance macrolide resistance of in perinatal women in Xinjiang. The change of 50s ribosomal target site mediated by ermB gene may be the main reason for drug cross-resistance.
Urban-Rural and Gender Differential in Depressive Symptoms Among Elderly in India
Authors: Kumar Shubham , Chauhan Shekhar , Patel Ratna , Kumar Manish
Published: June 2021

Background

To date, evidence remained inconclusive explaining rural-urban and male-female differential in depression. Unlike other previous research on the association of several risk factors with depressive symptoms among the elderly, this study focussed on the socio-economic status-related inequality in the prevalence of depression among the elderly along with focussing urban-rural and male-female gradients of depression among the elderly.
Methods

This study used data from Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) wave-I, 2017-18, survey. The outcome variable for this study was self-reported depression. Bivariate analysis was used to understand the prevalence by sociodemographic clusters. Fairlie decomposition analysis has been done to measures rural-urban inequalities for depression among older men and women.
Results

Results found that around 22 percent of urban elderly and 17 percent of rural elderly reported depression. A higher proportion of female elderly (22.6% vs. 18.4%) reported depression than male elderly. Almost one in every five elderly (20.6%) reported depression in India. The results found that a higher percentage of women in rural and urban areas reported depression than their male counterparts. While examining SES-related inequality in the prevalence of depression, education was a significant factor explaining the SES-related inequality in the prevalence of depression among female elderly and not in male elderly.
Conclusion

Given the large proportion of elderly reporting depression, this study highlights the need for improving health care services among the elderly. The increasing burden of depression in specific sub-populations also highlights the importance of understanding the broader consequences of depression among rural and female elderly.
Association of Work Risk Factors and the Development of Cardiovascular Diseases: Protocol of a Systematic Review
Authors: Anfossi Christian Moretti , Fredes Christian Tobar , Rojas Eduardo Quiñelen , Ross Jamie , Head Jenny , Britton Annie
Published: June 2021

Background: Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) are the number one cause of death, representing 31.8% of all global deaths. Several lifestyle behaviours are associated with the development and clinical manifestation of CVDs, however, these behavioural risk factors by themselves do not fully explain the population burden of CVDs. There is increasing recognition that working conditions and risk factors of the work environment are associated with health, including the development of CVDs. We will systematically review observational studies of adults exposed to work risk factors and their association with CVDs.Methods: We will follow the Navigation Guide framework. We will include cohort and case-control studies. The population will be adults of working age (18-65). The exposure will include six categories of work exposure: job strain, effort-reward imbalance, long working hours, job insecurity, shift work and occupational noise; the comparator will be the unexposed group or specified control group. The outcomes will be cerebrovascular diseases, ischaemic heart disease and hypertensive diseases. Published and unpublished studies will be included. The selection, data extraction, risk of bias assessment, quality assessment and strength of evidence will be carried out by two reviewers independently and disagreements will be solved by a third. Due to the diversity in the populations and exposures in the studies, the synthesis of the results, the quality and the strength of the evidence will be done by a synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM), following the SWiM reporting guideline.Discussion: This systematic review will identify and synthesise the evidence for the association between work risk factors and risk of CVDs. This work will underpin and inform a broader objective to examine the effectiveness of interventions to minimise the effects of risk factors for CVDs in workplaces, with the final aim of informing occupational health policies in the future. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42020179972.
Structural and Functional Basis of Red Palm Weevil: Pathogen Interactions Leading Towards Enhanced Crop Production in Date Palms
Authors: Alazmi Meshari , Alshammari Nawaf , Alanazi Naimah A. , Sulieman Abdel Moneim E.
Published: June 2021

Food safety remains a significant challenge despite the growth and development in agricultural research and the advent of modern biotechnological and agricultural tools. Though the agriculturist struggles to aid the growing population's needs, many pathogen-based plant diseases by their direct impact on cell division and tissue development have led to the loss of tons of food crops every year. Though there are many conventional and traditional methods to overcome this issue, the amount and time spend are huge. Scientists have developed systems biology tools to study the root cause of the problem and rectify it. Host-pathogen protein interactions (HPIs) have a promising role in identifying the pathogens' strategy to conquer the host organism. In this paper, the interactions between the host Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (an invasive wood-boring pest that destroys palm) and the pathogens Proteus mirabilis, Serratia marcescens, and Klebsiella pneumoniae are comprehensively studied using protein-protein interactions, molecular docking, and followed by 200 ns molecular dynamics simulations. This study elucidates the structural and functional basis of these proteins leading towards better plant health, production, and reliability.
Effect of Ondansetron on Reducing ICU Mortality in Patients with Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Guo Xiaojiang , Qi Xiguang , Fan Peihao , Gilbert Michael , La Andrew D. , Liu Zeyu , Bertz Richard , Kellum John A. , Chen Yu , Wang Lirong
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study is to identify medications with potentially beneficial effects on decreasing mortality in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) while in the intensive care unit (ICU). We used logistic regression to investigate associations between medications received and ICU mortality in patients with AKI in the MIMIC III database. Drugs associated with reduced mortality were then validated using the eICU database. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used for matching the patients’ baseline severity of illness followed by a chi-square test to calculate the significance of drug use and mortality. Finally, we examined gene expression signatures to explore the drug’s molecular mechanism on AKI. While several drugs demonstrated potential beneficial effects on reducing mortality, most were used for potentially fatal illnesses (e.g. antibiotics, cardiac medications). One exception was found, ondansetron, a drug without previously identified life-saving effects, has correlation with lower mortality among AKI patients. This association was confirmed in a subsequent analysis using the eICU database. Based on the comparison of gene expression signatures, the presumed therapeutic effect of ondansetron may be elicited through the NF-KB pathway and JAK-STAT pathway. Our findings provide real-world evidence to support clinical trials of ondansetron for treatment of AKI.
Nuclear moments put a new spin on the structure of 131In
Authors: Vernon Adam , Ruiz Ronald Fernando Garcia , Miyagi T. , Binnersley Cory , Billowes Jon , Bissell Mark , Bonnard Jeremy , Cocolios Thomas , Dobaczewski Jacek , Flanagan Kieran , Georgiev George , Gins Wouter , de Groote Ruben , Heinke Reinhart , Holt Jason , Koszorús Ágota , Leimbach David , Lynch Kara , Neyens Gerda , Stroberg Steven , Wilkins Shane , Yang Xiaofei , Yordanov Deyan , Farooq-Smith Gregory , Hustings Jeroen
Published: June 2021

In spite of the high-density and strongly correlated nature of the atomic nucleus, experimental and theoretical evidence suggests that around particular 'magic' numbers of nucleons, nuclear properties are governed by a single unpaired nucleon1,2. A microscopic understanding of the extent of this behaviour and its evolution in neutron-rich nuclei remains an open question in nuclear physics 3-5. A textbook example is the electromagnetic moments of indium (Z = 49) 6, which are dominated by a hole with respect to the proton magic number Z = 50 nucleus. They exhibit a remarkably constant behaviour over a large range of odd-mass isotopes, previously interpreted as pure "single-particle behaviour". Here, we present precision laser spectroscopy measurements performed to investigate the validity of this simple single-particle picture. Observation of an abrupt change in the dipole moment at N = 82 reveals that while the single-particle picture indeed dominates at neutron magic number N = 82 2,7, it does not for previously studied isotopes. We present state-of-the-art nuclear theory developed to investigate the details of the nuclear forces that describe the experimental results. The emergence and disappearance of single-particle behaviour was reproduced from an ab initio theory, including challenging many-body correlations in these large, complex nuclei. The inclusion of time-symmetry-breaking mean fields is shown to be essential for a correct description of the nuclear electromagnetic properties within the Density Functional Theory framework. Until now, such time-odd channels have been poorly constrained, but are essential to provide accurate predictions of nuclear properties necessary for searches of new physics with neutrinos 8,9 and studies of fundamental symmetries 10,11. These findings are key to understand the microscopic origin of nuclear electromagnetism and the emergence of single-particle phenomena from complex nuclei.
Soy Saponin Improves Egg-Laying Performance and Immune Function of Laying Hens
Authors: Peng Li , Yizhu Zhao , Shaojia Yan , Bocheng Song , Yongfa Liu , Mingkun Gao , Dazhi Tang , Guo Yuming
Published: June 2021

Background

It is of great significance to clarify the role of biologically active ingredients in soybean meal to solve the shortage of soybean meal resources. The objective of this experiment was to design a low soybean meal basal diet and measure the effects of dietary soya saponin (SS) on egg-laying performance and immune function.
Results

Results showed that egg production rate, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and eggshell quality tended to be improved in the 50 SS groups. Besides, peripheral blood LPS stimulation index and proportion of B lymphocytes ratio at 5th week were increased. Serum follicle stimulating hormone and Interleukin-4 (IL-4) levels were significantly elevated at 10th week in the 50 SS groups. We also found that mRNA levels of follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) in ovarian, nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NF-κB), Interleukin-12 (IL-12), Transforming growth factor (TGF-β) and Interferon γ (IFN-γ) in spleen were up-regulated at the end of the trial. Beyond that, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in the ileal flora was dropped, and the relative abundances of Lactobacillus, Romboutsia and Lactobacillus delbrueckii were elevated in the 50 SS group. Similar to the above were that at the end of the 5th week, there are same biological effects on laying hens about 50 and 500 mg/Kg SS. While at the end of the trial, the blood levels of alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, IFN-γ, and the ratio of IFN-γ to IL-4 were significantly increased in the 500 SS group. What’s more, the gene mRNA levels of NF-κB, IL-12, IFN-γ, Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and the ratio of IFN-γ to IL-4 about spleen were up-regulated in the 500 SS group. The mRNA levels of genes such as the gonadotropin releasing hormone 1 (GnRH1) in Hypothalamus, the estrogen related receptor (ERR) in ovaries were down-regulated with 500 mg/kg SS supplementation.
Conclustions:

The egg production performance was improved by dietary supplementation with 50 mg/kg SS via stimulating ovaries development, increasing ovarian FSHR transcription level and serum estrogen level. The intestinal microflora was regulated, and the immune function of laying hens also was improved with 50 mg/kg SS supplementation. Unexpectedly, the immune homeostasis of the laying hens tilted towards the pro-inflammatory direction with 500 mg/kg SS supplementation. It resulted in a negative impact on the laying performance of laying hens and physiological functions of the liver.
Alteration of the Gut Microbiota in Rhesus Monkey with Spontaneous Osteoarthritis
Authors: Yan Yaping , Yi Xiaoyan , Duan Yanchao , Jiang Bin , Huang Tianzhuang , Inglis Briauna Marie , Zheng Bingrong , Si Wei
Published: June 2021

Background
Osteoarthritis (OA) can cause stiffness and chronic pain, which affect patients' health and quality of life. Emerging evidence suggests the microbiome plays an important role in the pathogenesis of OA. However, there are very few studies on the intestinal microbiota of OA. The spontaneous osteoarthritis in rhesus macaque is similar to osteoarthritis in human. The artificially reared macaques showed that captivity “humanizes” the primate microbiome can also better control the diet and drug use.
Methods
We collected colonic contents of the rhesus macaque with spontaneous OA for intestinal microbiota analysis by metagenomics sequencing. The data were analyzed using R packages. The genomic features were identified by a metagenomic biomarker discovery approach called linear discriminant analysis effect size.
Results
Our results indicate that the diversity and composition of intestinal microbiota in monkeys with OA are different compared to the normal monkeys. Prevotellaceae and Lactobacillus was significantly decreased in the monkeys with osteoarthritis. Lactobacillales, Lactobacillaceae, Mycoplasmataceae and Lactobacillus were significantly increased in the monkeys with OA. Functional analysis of the microbiota also predicts cartilage damage in the monkeys with osteoarthritis.
Conclusions
Our results are largely consistent with the composition of microbiota in cartilage of OA patients. Our results exclude the effects of food, living environment, and antibiotic use, so we have found some microbes that can be a biomarker for the diagnosis of osteoarthritis.
Allophlebia, A New Genus to Accomodate Phlebia Ludoviciana (Agaricomycetes, Polyporales)
Authors: Lira Carla Rejane de Sousa , Chikowski Renata dos Santos Santos , de Lima Vítor Xavier , Larsson Karl-Henrik , Gibertoni Tatiana Baptista
Published: June 2021

Allophlebia is proposed as a new genus in Meruliaceae based on morphological characters and molecular data. The genus is typified by Peniophora ludoviciana and the new combination A. ludoviciana is proposed. The genus is so far monotypic. The type species is characterized by a resupinate basidioma, a monomitic hyphal system with clamp connections, two types of cystidia (leptocystidia and metuloids), clavate basidia, and hyaline, thin-walled and ellipsoid basidiospores. A phylogeny for Allophlebia and related taxa was inferred from ITS and nLSU rDNA sequences and new information about the geographic distribution of A. ludoviciana is provided.
Class I Histone Deacetylases (HDAC) Critically Contribute to Ewing Sarcoma Pathogenesis
Authors: Schmidt Oxana , Nehls Nadja , Prexler Carolin , von Heyking Kristina , Groll Tanja , Pardon Katharina , Hensel Tim , Gürgen Dennis , Henssen Anton G , Eggert Angelika , Steiger Katja , Burdach Stefan , Richter Günther HS
Published: June 2021

Background: Histone acetylation and deacetylation seem processes involved in the pathogenesis of Ewing sarcoma (EwS). Here histone deacetylases (HDAC) class I were investigated.Methods: Their role was determined using different inhibitors including TSA, Romidepsin, Entinostat and PCI-34051 as well as CRISPR/Cas9 class I HDAC knockouts and HDAC RNAi. To analyze resulting changes microarray analysis, qRT-PCR, western blotting, Co-IP, proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, invasion assays and xenograft-mouse models were used.Results: Class I HDACs are constitutively expressed in EwS. Patients with high levels of individual class I HDAC expression show decreased overall survival. CRISPR/Cas9 class I HDAC knockout of individual HDACs such as HDAC1 and HDAC2 inhibited invasiveness, and blocked local tumor growth in xenograft mice. Microarray analysis demonstrated that treatment with individual HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) blocked an EWS-FLI1 specific expression profile, while Entinostat in addition suppressed metastasis relevant genes. EwS cells demonstrated increased susceptibility to treatment with chemotherapeutics including Doxorubicin in the presence of HDACi. Furthermore, HDACi treatment mimicked RNAi of EZH2 in EwS. Treated cells showed diminished growth capacity, but an increased endothelial as well as neuronal differentiation ability. HDACi synergizes with EED inhibitor (EEDi) in vitro and together inhibited tumor growth in xenograft mice. Co-IP experiments identified HDAC class I family members as part of a regulatory complex together with PRC2.Conclusions: Class I HDAC proteins seem to be important mediators of the pathognomonic EWS-ETS-mediated transcription program in EwS and in combination therapy, co-treatment with HDACi is an interesting new treatment opportunity for this malignant disease.
Application Research Of 3D Digital Evaluation And Analysis Method In Geological Engineering
Authors: Jing Gao , Weibo Zhou , Shuwu Li , Changhu Li , Xiaobing Wang
Published: June 2021

In order to adapt to the construction and development of informatization and digitization of engineering survey industry, a method of rock mass quality classification based on 3D geological modeling analysis is proposed. Based on a hydropower station as an example, this paper build a refinement 3D geological visualization model, simulate and analysis engineering geology of the hydropower station from the perspective of the three-dimensional digital. According to features of rock mass damage and elastic-plastic mechanics of dissipation energy principle, which gives the optimize evaluation index and method of rock mass quality classification in water resources and hydropower engineering, endowed with classification attribute values of each level and restructured model shows the spatial distribution characteristics of rock mass quality. In conclusion, this method improves the efficiency and intuitiveness of the engineering geology analysis and engineering rock mass quality classification. Furthermore, the 3D digital evaluation method was verified more rationality and intuitiveness in geological engineering comparing with traditional 2D geological analysis method.
Gravitational cells.The formula of the gravitational constant. Calculation of the value of the gravitational constant in the region of a black hole.
Authors: Chernov Andrey
Published: June 2021

In this study, a new concept is introduced into physics - gravitational cells. These cells are densely compressed elementary particles: a proton and an electron. The body of a black hole consists of a huge number of such cells. On this theoretical basis, using the Schwarzschild radius formula and the adapted Coulomb formula, a formula for the gravitational constant was obtained and its value in the gravitational field of black holes was calculated, 𝑮𝟎=𝟔,𝟕𝟗𝟐𝟕∙𝟏𝟎−𝟏𝟏. Also, scientific substantiation of the value of the usual gravitational constant 𝑮 was obtained. In this study, a new physical constant was determined - the mass of the gravitational cell of a black hole 𝒎𝟎=𝟏,𝟓𝟏𝟏𝟓𝟗𝟑∙ 𝟏𝟎−𝟐𝟕 kg. Based on the results of the study, conclusions were drawn regarding the gravitational mass of the proton and the electron.
Enhanced Antibacterial activity of eugenol loaded m-PEG/PCL nanoparticles in eliminating resistant bacteria from wastewater
Authors: Shajari Mojgan , Rostamizadeh Kobra , Shapouri Reza , Taghavi Lobat
Published: June 2021

In this study, eugenol loaded m-PEG/PCL nanoparticles were used to make better the anti-bacterial properties of eugenol in an attempt to eliminate the resistant bacteria. m-PEG/PCL copolymer was prepared by ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone monomer in the vicinity of dry m-PEG and tin (II) octoate catalyst. Polymeric nanoparticles were prepared by nanoprecipitation procedure. The particle size and zeta potential of mPEG/PCL/eugenol were specified to be 157.23 ± 3.81 nm and − 6.95 ± 0.19 mv, respectively. The polymeric nanoparticle structure was identified by AFM, FT-IR, and DSC techniques. To evaluate and compare the anti-bacterial efficiency of m-PEG/PCL/eugenol and free eugenol, a turbidity assay was used in association with gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Images of SEM were taken from bacteria before and after exposure to the mPEG/PCL/eugenol. Colony-forming unit per milliliter (CFU/ml) method was considered to follow the effect of mPEG/PCL/eugenol on bacteria growth rate in the original hospital wastewater. The results showed that m-PEG/PCL/eugenol nanoparticles at 40 µM concentration show the enormous antibacterial effect at 37°C. In original hospital wastewater, m-PEG/PCL/eugenol in the concentration of 0.125 µM at 25 ° C showed the greatest growth decrease of microbial total count.
Innovative solutions in construction of deep industrial brine, oil and gas wells in deformable fractured reservoirs
Authors: Vakhromeev A. G. , Sverkunov S. A. , Akchurin R. Kh. , Ivanishin V. M. , Ruzhich V. V. , Tashkevich I. D. , Lisitsyn M. A.
Published: June 2021

The paper deals with the methodological features of drilling and completion of wells in the fractured natural reservoirs containing oil and gas accumulations with different reservoir pressures of fluid-pressure systems from abnormally high to abnormally low. The authors had studied the fluid-pressure systems of industrial lithium-bromine brines, oil and gas fields and accumulations in the south of the Siberian platform for the period from 1983 to 2019. The article summarizes the main results, including new technical solutions protected by the Russian Federation patents. The authors proposed and patented a series of new technical solutions for the immediate consolidation of natural permeable fractures during the primary opening of the reservoir by drilling, as applied to a fractured reservoir. The main task of the study is to preserve the permeability of the fractured system in the bottomhole formation zone under the action of compressive stresses (rock mass) that increase with the formation of a drawdown cone, primarily in the bottomhole formation zone with the increase in the drawdown (ΔP) above critical values. Such an area is the bottomhole formation zone within a radius of the first meters around the well that penetrated the fractured reservoir. Practice has proved that the use of innovative solutions through the advanced consolidation of permeable fractures in the bottomhole formation zone (of fluid-producing oil- and gas-bearing, water-bearing reservoir) in the open (initial natural) state ensures the preservation of natural permeability of natural filtering fractures of the reservoir with the fluid system reservoir pressure from anomalously low to abnormally high. The solution ensures constant permeability of the fractured filtration system throughout the cleaning cycles of the bottomhole formation zone rocks from drilling mud, obtaining of the true calculated hydrodynamic parameters based on the results of well testing in the modes of the “steady-state production method” and well flow rate (productivity) stabilization under further well operation.
Isotope-hydrogeochemical features of the Belokurikha field radon waters
Authors: Khvashchevskaya A. A. , Kopylova Yu. G. , Novikov D. A. , Pyrayev A. N. , Maksimova A. A. , Derkachev A. S. , Redin A. A.
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the work is to carry out integrated isotope-geochemical studies of the mineral waters of the Belokurikha deposit. The methods of titrimetry, ion chromatography, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) have been used in the laboratory investigation of the chemical composition of waters. The isotope composition of oxygen, hydrogen and carbon in dissolved carbon dioxide has been studied with the help of the Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer FinniganTM MAT 253 equipped with the attachments for sample preparation H/Device (to analyze the δD ratio) and GasBench II (to analyze δ18O and δ13СDIC ratios). There are two aquifers at the deposit. The first nonartesian aquifer comprises loose sediments of the Quaternary age. The second artesian aquifer includes the granites of the upper Paleozoic age with the different fracture degree: from monolith to loosened. Three groups of waters are distinguished on the basis of geochemical coefficients: fracture-vein waters bedded in weathered granites; groundwaters of the zone of rare earth mineralization and background composition; surface waters of the Belokurikha river. The isotope data on oxygen and hydrogen provide evidence that the production aquifers of the Belokurikha field are fed through the infiltration of meteoric waters, with the feeding shift to winter precipitation. The paper provides the first data of the integrated isotope-hydrogeochemical studies of nitric-siliceous low-radon thermal waters of the Belokurikha deposit. The composition of these waters is HCO3-SO4 Na and SO4-HCO3 Na with the total dissolved salts value ranging from 198 to 257 mg/dm3. The waters are characterized by alkaline pH of 8.6–9.6, silicon content ranging from 19.8 to 24.6 mg/dm3, and they are referred to the fracture-vein waters of the Upper Paleozoic granites. 222Rn activity is up to 359 Bq/dm3. The ratios of δD (from -126.9 to -102.7 ‰) and δ18O (from -17.5 to -14.2 ‰) in the studied waters indicate their atmospheric origin. The values of δ13СDIC vary from -9.7 to -25.6 ‰ and point to the biogenic origin of carbon.
Learning the ground state of a non-stoquastic quantum Hamiltonian in a rugged neural network landscape
Authors: Bukov Marin , Schmitt Markus , Dupont Maxime
Published: June 2021

Strongly interacting quantum systems described by non-stoquastic
Hamiltonians exhibit rich low-temperature physics. Yet, their study
poses a formidable challenge, even for state-of-the-art numerical
techniques. Here, we investigate systematically the performance of a
class of universal variational wave-functions based on artificial neural
networks, by considering the frustrated
spin-1/21/2J_1-J_2J1−J2
Heisenberg model on the square lattice. Focusing on neural network
architectures without physics-informed input, we argue in favor of using
an ansatz consisting of two decoupled real-valued networks, one for the
amplitude and the other for the phase of the variational wavefunction.
By introducing concrete mitigation strategies against inherent numerical
instabilities in the stochastic reconfiguration algorithm we obtain a
variational energy comparable to that reported recently with neural
networks that incorporate knowledge about the physical system. Through a
detailed analysis of the individual components of the algorithm, we
conclude that the rugged nature of the energy landscape constitutes the
major obstacle in finding a satisfactory approximation to the ground
state wavefunction, and prevents learning the correct sign structure. In
particular, we show that in the present setup the neural network
expressivity and Monte Carlo sampling are not primary limiting
factors.
Developing new business models: Logic of network value or cross-industry approach
Authors: Koilo Viktoriia
Published: June 2021

Digital transition in the maritime industry creates new organizational models and affects the relationship between actors. New relationships require new business models (BMs). In addition, due to the paradigm of green shifts towards a zero-emission future of maritime shipping in 2050, stricter regulations require new solutions, and “business as usual” is not actual anymore. Thus, the study aims to investigate key drivers for creating new BMs and factors for their effective implementation by companies. The results of the study point to the main reasons for creating BMs. It was revealed that there are several external and internal prerequisites. Moreover, it was proved that considering the current tendency of the interfaces in relationships with different industries, it is important to talk about the development of BMs not only from a supply chain perspective. Moreover, it should be considered from the point of view of network value. Hence, the study highlights the need for a further investigation that aims to design new solutions, implement, test, and observe the effect of new BMs, considering collaborative ties between interested parties.
AcknowledgmentThe study is supported by the grant from the Research Based Innovation “SFI Marine Operation in Virtual Environment (SFI-MOVE)” (Project no: 237929) in Norway.
ЯРМАРКА ВАКАНСИЙ В УСЛОВИЯХ ПАНДЕМИИ: ОПЫТ КУРСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО МЕДИЦИНСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА
Authors:   Курский государственный медицинский университет, Колчина Олеся Сергеевна , Сергеев Андрей Алексеевич
Published: June 2021

The article analyzes the results of a study conducted by the university employment center for graduates of the annual large-scale event in the field of promoting employment and building a career trajectory «KSMU Job fair», which participants are employers from more than 20 regions of the Russian Federation and students of final courses of secondary, higher and postgraduate education. In 2020, in connection with the pandemic caused by the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19), the event was held in a remote format and was called «KSMU Electronic job fair – 2020». The organizational conditions on which the successful conduct of a career event of an all-Russian scale in electronic format depends. An assessment of the satisfaction of the event participants with the level of its holding and efficiency is presented.
МОНИТОРИНГ МНЕНИЯ ЖИТЕЛЕЙ КУРСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ О ПРОБЛЕМЕ НЕЗАКОННОГО ОБОРОТА НАРКОТИЧЕСКИХ ВЕЩЕСТВ НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ РЕГИОНА (РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ СОЦИОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ОПРОСА)
Authors:   Курский государственный медицинский университет, Липатов Вячеслав Александрович , Денисов Артём Александрович , Сосновская Алина Алексеевна
Published: June 2021

The article presents the results of studies to study public opinion on the problem of independent drug trafficking in the Kursk region. Kurians, regardless of income level and social status, believe that the level of drug addiction in the region is not high. Most of the respondents believe that the work of regional structures in the prevention of the spread of narcotic substances is not effective enough. Among the most effective measures to prevent drug addiction, the respondents consider preventive conversations with the participation of former drug addicts. Residents of the Kursk region believe that the prevention of drug addiction among young people should be dealt with by parents, educational and medical organizations.
СОСТОЯНИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ НАРКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ РАССТРОЙСТВ В КУРСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ И СОПРЕДЕЛЬНЫХ ТЕРРИТОРИЯХ В 2014-2019 ГОДАХ
Authors:   Курский государственный медицинский университет, Тимошилов Владимир Игоревич , Ластовецкий Альберт Генрихович
Published: June 2021

Period 2014-2019 characterized by a certain increase in social instability in Russia, which led to an increase of social risk factors for drug addiction. In the Kursk region, at the same time, there have been changes in the regulation of anti-drug prevention, a large number of specialists have been trained, and a movement of competent volunteers has developed. In this regard, the epidemiological data for 2014-2019 are of particular interest. For the period from 2005 to 2019 the primary incidence of alcohol use disorders in Russia decreased from 147.4 to 48.3, in the Kursk region – from 106 to 53.5 cases per 100 000 population per year. Of the adjacent regions in 2019, a lower incidence rate than in the Kursk region was noted only in the Belgorod region – 39.4 cases per 100,000 population. Primary incidence of disorders associated with the use of narcotic active substances, during 2014-2019 in Russia as a whole decreased from 15 to 9.8, in the Kursk region – from 11.3 to 4 new cases per 100 000 inhabitants per year. In 2019, the detection rate of primary incidence of drug addiction and substance abuse was significantly higher than in the Kursk region in Bryansk and Lipetsk. Despite favorable trends, it was noted that the coronavirus pandemic and the restrictions introduced to combat it can have a significant impact on the risk factors for drug addiction, which requires the adaptation of preventive programs to new conditions.
Degradation of BTEX in groundwater by nano-CaO2 particles activated with L-cysteine chelated Fe(III): enhancing or inhibiting hydroxyl radical generation
Authors: Sun Xuecheng , Ali Meesam , Cui Changzheng , Lyu Shuguang
Published: June 2021

The simultaneous oxidation performance of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) by nanoscale calcium peroxide particles (nCaO2) activated with ferric ions (Fe(III)) and the mechanism of the enhancement of BTEX degradation by L-cysteine (L-cys) were investigated. The batch experimental results showed that the nCaO2/Fe(III)/L-cys process was effective in the destruction of BTEX in both ultrapure water and actual groundwater. A proper amount of L-cys could enhance BTEX degradation due to the promotion of Fe(II)/Fe(III) redox cycles by the participation of L-cys, but an excessive presence of L-cys would cause inhibition. Adding 1.0 mM L-cys to the nCaO2/Fe(III) system, the concentration of Fe(II) increased to 1.15 mM instantly. Simultaneously, the yield of HO• produced by the 1.0 mM L-cys-containing system was 0.066 mM at 180 min reaction, higher than that without L-cys (0.049 mM). When excess L-cys (5.0 mM) was added to the system, the amount of Fe(II) increased to 3.73 mM because excessive L-cys caused a large amount of Fe(III) in the system to be reduced. However, the yield of HO• decreased to 0.043 mM since excessive Fe(II) could conversely scavenge HO• to produce Fe(III) again. EPR tests and quenching results indicated that HO• was the dominant reactive species in the nCaO2/Fe(III)/L-cys system. For the removal of BTEX, the optimal molar ratio of nCaO2/Fe(III)/L-cys was 10.5/20/1 based on calculation by response surface methodology (RSM). Finally, the BTEX destruction pathway was proposed according to the detected intermediates by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS).
Electrochemical degradation of DCF by boron-doped diamond anode: degradation mechanism, pathways and influencing factors
Authors: Qiu Huimin , Fan Pingping , Li Xueying , Hou Guangli
Published: June 2021

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been widely detected in wastewater and surface water, indicating that the removal of NSAIDs by wastewater treatment plants was not efficient. Electrochemical advanced oxidation technology is considered to be an effective process. This study presents an investigation of the kinetics, mechanism, and influencing factors of diclofenac (DCF) degradation by an electrochemical process with boron-doped diamond anodes. Relative operating parameters and water quality parameters are examined. It appears that the degradation follows the pseudo-first-order degradation kinetics. DCF degradation was accelerated with the increase of pH from 6 to 10. The degradation was promoted by the addition of electrolyte concentrations and current density. Humic acid and bicarbonate significantly inhibited the degradation, whereas chloride accelerated it. According to the quenching tests, hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and sulfate radicals contributed 76.5% and 6.5%, respectively, to the degradation. Sodium sulfate remains a more effective electrolyte, compared to sodium nitrate and sodium phosphate, suggesting the quenching effect of nitrate and phosphate on •OH. Major DCF transformation products were identified. According to the degradation products detected by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, hydroxylation and decarboxylation are the main pathways of DCF degradation; while dechlorination, chlorination, and nitro substitution are also included in this electrochemical degradation process.