bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrasi Media Berbasis Peta Persebaran Candi Hindu-Budha Di Tulungagung Dengan Pendekatan Kontruktivisme Dalam Pembelajaran Sejarah
Authors: Tricahyono Danan , Musadad Akhmad Arif , Rejekiningsih Triana
Published: January 2022

Abstract

History learning should be done creatively and innovatively that interests students. This research provides an alternative framework for historical learning by packaging materials spreading Hindu-Buddhist temples in Tulungagung with a constructivism approach. This study uses the literature study method. The data source comes from books, articles, and research report results that fit the topic. Various library materials are processed, identified, analyzed, and reflected to create new findings. As a result, there are seven temple sites in Tulungagung Regency, namely Boyolangu Temple, Sanggrahan Temple, Meja Temple, Dadi Temple, Mirigambar Temple, Ampel Temple, and Penampihan Temple. The material of the distribution of temples in Tulungagung can be used as the content of learning media. Implementation of learning media is integrated with the constructivism approach through the learning cycle model. Stages of the learning cycle include discovery, concept recognition, and concept application. In conclusion, the integration of local history materials can strengthen student's local historical awareness.

Keywords: learning, history, temple, Tulungagung, constructivism

Abstrak

Pembelajaran sejarah seharusnya dilakukan secara kreatif dan inovatif yang menarik minat siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan alternatif kerangka pembelajaran sejarah melalui pengemasan materi persebaran candi Hindu-Buddha di Tulungagung dengan pendekatan konstruktivisme. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kepustakaan. Sumber data berasal dari buku, artikel dan hasil laporan penelitian yang sesuai dengan topik. Berbagai bahan pustaka diproses, diidentifikasi, dianalisis dan direfleksikan sehingga tercipta temuan baru. Hasilnya terdapat tujuh situs candi di Kabupaten Tulungagung yaitu Candi Boyolangu, Candi Sanggrahan, Candi Meja, Candi Dadi, Candi Mirigambar, Candi Ampel, dan Candi Penampihan. Materi persebaran candi di Tulungagung dapat digunakan sebagai isi dari media pembelajaran. Implementasi media pembelajaran terintegrasi dengan pendekatan konstruktivisme melalui model siklus belajar. Tahapan siklus belajar meliputi discovery (penemuan), pengenalan konsep, dan aplikasi konsep. Kesimpulannya integrasi materi sejarah lokal dapat menguatkan kesadaran sejarah lokal siswa.

Kata Kunci: pembelajaran, sejarah, candi , Tulungagung, konstruktivisme
Pengembangan Materi Ajar Sejarah Bermuatan Lokal Pada SMAN Di Sumatera Barat
Authors: Basri Wahidul
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini berangkat dari kenyataan bahwa pembelajaran Sejarah Indonesia yang bernuansa muatan lokal masih jarang diterapkan oleh guru sejarah di Sumatera Barat. Sementara itu KTSP dan K-13 yang diterapkan di berbagai sekolah di Indonesia mengharuskan memasukan materi muatan lokal ke dalam pembelajaran. Mengapa hal ini terjadi dan apa solusinya ? Inilah pertanyaan pokok dalam penelitian ini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan Buku Sejarah Indonesia bermuatan lokal Sumatera Barat yang dapat digunakan untuk pembelajaran Sejarah Indonesia di SMA. Penelitian ini dirancang selama dua tahun, tahun pertama meneliti kebutuhan guru menyangkut materi Sejarah Indonesia yang bernuansa muatan lokal sesuai dengan kurikulum 2013. Selanjutnya membuat prototype buku Sejarah Indonesia yang bermuatan lokal Sumatera Barat. Tahun kedua, menghasilkan sebuah produk dalam bentuk Buku teks Sejarah Indonesia bermuatan sejarah lokal Sumatera Barat. Penelitian ini bersifat R&D dengan mengikuti langkah-langkah kerja yang dirumuskan Plomp. Berdasarkan langkah-langkah penelitian yang telah dilaksanakan, pada tahun pertama telah dihasilkan Prototype Buku Sejarah Indonesia bermuatan Sejarah Lokal Sumatera Barat untuk pembelajaran di SMA. Pada tahun kedua dilakukan uji validitas, praktikalitas dan efektifitas. Hasil uji validitas menunjukkan bahwa Buku Sejarah Indonesia bermuatan Sejarah Lokal Sumatera Barat untuk pembelajaran di SMA valid, uji praktikalitas hasilnya menunjukkan praktis untuk digunakan, sementara hasil uji efektifitas menunjukkan efektif diterapkan dalam pembelajaran sejarah. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian yang dilakukan, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa Buku Teks Sejarah Indonesia bermuatan Sejarah Lokal Sumatera Barat untuk pembelajaran di SMA, valid, praktis dan efektif untuk digunakan sebagai suplemen materi pembelajaran Sejarah Indonesia.
Persebaran Penyakit di Kawasan Laut Jawa Abad XIX - XX
Authors: Pradjoko Didik , Emalia Imas
Published: January 2022

This article discussed about the process of diseases spreading along the Java Sea area during the 19th and the early 20th century. This study utilized historical method with an aim to reconstruct past events, especially on the outbreaks happened in the Java Sea area and how the colonial governmnet dealt with the occurrence. The article applied Braudel’s structural theory (1988) to analyze the existence of structures, which were taking a role in the process of diseases spreading. This analysis was supported by the concept of ‘silent barter’, developed by Knapen (1995) as a benchmark to determine factors that caused the spread. The results allowed us to discover that the dynamics of shipping and trading in the Java Sea at that time were part of the whole pandemic situation. There were at least two diseases discussed as the main focus of this article, smallpox and cholera, as these two severely affected the trading and shipping activity. These diseases were carried by the crews of ships escaping the quarantine doctors who carried out medical examination at various ports. Several ports in Java, such as Batavia, Semarang, Cirebon, and Surabaya, had become the epicenters of the outbreak. The government applied a regulation to attached a yellow flag to the ship contaminated by the plague before they entered the port area. The yellow flag functioned as an identifying marker. The regulation was supposed to limit the spread of diseases from the coastal area of Java to the mainland, as well as to gain more attention from other ships and doctors resided near the ports. The yellow flag system made it easier for the government and doctors to handle smallpox and cholera outbreaks, even though there had been some aberrations in economic activities in this area.
The Influence of English Teachers’ Competency on Students’ Learning Achievement
Authors: Abrar Al-Fikri , Syahputra Idham
Published: January 2022

This correlation study aimed to investigate a correlation between English teacher competency and students’ learning achievement at State Junior High School 1 Tempuling, Indragiri Hilir Regency, Riau. There was 1 English teacher who has certified as a professional teacher. Seventy-five students taught by the English teacher became the sample through random sampling technique; meanwhile, the English Teacher Performance Assessment documentation and evidence of students’ learning achievement in their report card were used to collect the data. The data were analyzed using serial correlation. The finding shows that the correlation (rxy) score = 0.438 compared to rt. Because rxy was higher at 5% and 1% significance levels, it was possible to conclude a significant correlation between English teacher competency and students’ learning achievement.
Formal instruction by Song for English Learners in SMP IT Darul Hasan while Pandemic Era
Authors: Muhriza Fatma
Published: January 2022

This research was examined to help the English teacher in Junior high school especially, while pandemic Covid-19 more dilate over the world.  The pandemic that has hit the world in the last 3 years, it gas given much attention from all elements in the world generally, the side of education do need new innovations to keep advancing the target of education, so one of thing teachers do at SMP IT Darul Hasan Kota Padangsidimpuan to overcome the problem have tried carry out formal instruction in achieving good English grammar according to their target and age, namely through songs with grammar elements according to the lesson curriculum in social media flat form. This research have done for treat in 7 class SMP IT Darul Hasan Kota Padangsidimpuan that consist of 25 students randomly. The three classes have a different acquisition in English subject, again which the students in 7d, 7e, and 7f. So, in my conclusion that formal instruction by song in Junior high school SMP IT Darul Hasan Kota Padangsidimpuan has given a positive effect.
The Role of Zoom Cloud Meeting as Learning Online Medium in Pandemic
Authors: Rianita Dian , Muzdalifah Indah
Published: January 2022

Before the arrival of the Covid 19 virus epidemic, the government actually launched the industry 4.0 and 5.0 revolutions, including in the field of education where the use of technology as a medium or instrument in learning can be maximized to use. However, most of teacher and students were not able to conduct yet. When this epidemic comes, it can’t help using technology in the field of education ready or not. The government's policy to execute large-scale social restrictions or PSBB to prevent the transmission of the epidemic has made the implementation of the teaching and learning process online starting from elementary level to university. However, every change certainly causes pros and cons. There are both positive and negative sides to online learning. The positive side can make it easier and more efficient for face-to-face learning to be done from home anytime and anywhere. Meanwhile, the problems that arise include a lack of understanding in the use of technology, inadequate internet network facilities and many more effects as a result of this online learning. Therefore, this article discusses the phenomena that occur around education caused by the impact of the outbreak in the middle of the Covid 19 pandemic.
Indonesian English Teachers’ Perceptions on Using Online Teaching Platforms
Authors: Nur Johari , Gushendra Rizky
Published: January 2022

Due to Covid-19 Pandemic, all teachers in Indonesia are required to teach students remotely using appropriate online teaching platforms. There various teaching platforms to be utilized such as Whatsapp, Edmodo, Google Classroom, Ruang-Guru, Kahoot, Google Meet, Zoom Cloud, etc. These platforms enable the teachers to simply interacting with the students in teaching-learning processes. The objective of this research is to explore the Indonesian English teacher’ perceptions on using online teaching platforms. This research uses a quantitative approach. The subject of this research is 40 English teachers of Senior High Schools in Kampar, Riau. Questionnaires are used as a technique of collecting data. Results prove that most of the English teachers have positive perceptions on the usefulness, ease of use, and accessibility aspects of online teaching platforms.
“Wegoquiz” to Improve Students’ English Achievement
Authors: Lilisuryani Lilisuryani
Published: January 2022

Pandemic began to enter this country around March 2020. Since then, almost all teachers, students and schools were shocked by the very sudden change. Online learning becomes one of the solution in learning.However, many students could not follow this online learning well. Therefore, the teachers have to be very careful in choosing and planning online learning media for teaching otherwise the result would be dissatisfying. This paper reports a best practice on the use of “wegoquiz”media in improving the students’ English achievement at SMAN 1 Batang Anai. It is a combination of three media in online learning. The three media  are learning website with google site, google meet and quizziz. These media were used to the third year students in the first semester of 2021/2022 academic year. The result shows that by using “wegoquiz”,the students’engagement in learning process is improving a lot. They learned using the website, they attended google meet and they did the quizziz several times. As a result, their English achievement is also improving significantly.
Discursive Practice in Online Learning by Using Zoom Meeting on COVID-19
Authors: Anipon Puput
Published: January 2022

Since November 2019 COVID-19 virus spread, all activity chance totals especially in Education. Especially in Indonesia applied online learning, the famous application use is Zoom Meeting. I’m as researcher interested analyze how interaction and communication teacher and student in Zoom application, then want find out how Zoom application in learning media present the discursive practice especially between teacher and student, last how student and teacher construct discursive practice use Zoom application. This research aims to find out how discursive practice present in full online class, especially in English class by using Zoom application. This descriptive qualitative study used interview and observation methodology. Twenty six students from English Language Education Study Program, Magister Program of UNP academic year 2021 participated in this study. Based on observed conducted by researcher in class A and B that use Zoom platform in full online learning toward discursive practice. Researcher found discursive practice can present in the class, although in virtual class. Discursive practice in online class by using Zoom application beyond expectation lecturer and student communicate and interaction well with menu that provide by zoom. It can conclude by researcher that the discursive practice can present although in virtual class.
CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA NA CIDADE: a partir da leitura de imagens fotográficas
Authors: Cecatto Ana Julia , Borin da Cunha Marcia , Santos Conerado Douglas Henrique
Published: January 2022

Uma fotografia ao ser observada pode ser lida/interpretada, mas essa leitura/interpretação é influenciada pelo contexto sociocultural do leitor. Sendo assim, buscamos investigar quais as percepções dos membros de uma comunidade acadêmica sobre o tema Ciência e Tecnologia (CT) ao analisarem fotografias da cidade que foram sugeridos por entrevistados em uma “cadeia” de entrevistas (técnica Snowboll Sampling). Perceber a CT, a partir de uma fotografia, não representa uma percepção comum entre os entrevistados, nem tão pouco reconhecer que a CT faz parte da cidade onde eles habitam. A CT em suas casas, ruas, praças etc. fazem parte do pensamento expresso por poucos entrevistados. Como considerações desta pesquisa, apontamos que a escola pode contribuir para aproximar a CT das pessoas, trazendo para sala de aula propostas que considerem a Cidade um grande Museu Aberto e disponível para o estudo.
Anglicismes Dans La Methode Tendances B1 ET B2
Authors: Hutapea William Anderson
Published: January 2022

Cette recherche s’agit de l'anglicisme. Anglicisme est un emprunt fait à la langue anglaise par une autre langue. Cette recherche vise à déterminer l'anglicisme trouvé dans la methode Tendances B1 & B2, la catégorie d'anglicisme et le groupe du mot. L’anglicisme analysé dans cette étude est l'anglicisme lexical et phonétique. Dans cette recherche, la méthode utilisée est la méthode qualitative descriptive. Les résultats de cette étude indiquent qu'il y a 64 anglicismes dans la methode Tendances B1 & B2 qui se divisent en deux parties principales, l'anglicisme lexical atteint 42 (66%) et l'anglicisme phonétique atteint 22 (34%). Les catégories d'anglicisme la plus fréquente sont la catégorie de la vie sociale et de la technologie. Et aussi le groupe de mots qui apparaissent le plus souvent sont des noms.Mots-clés : Analyse, Mot, Tendances.
Développement De La Méthode De Français Basé Sur Google Classroom En Classe XI Au SMA Negeri 21 Medan
Authors: Lubis Nuriaty Prasetya , Friska Junita , Zulherman Zulherman
Published: January 2022

Cette recherche est la recherche de développement en utilisant la méthode de Borg & Gall (2005) qui vise à déterminer le processus et l’efficacité du media E-learning basés sur Google Classroom en classe XI, SMA Negeri 21 Medan. La méthode utilisée pour analyser les données est une technique qualitative. Toutes les données recueillies ont été analysées à l'aide de techniques statistiques descriptives qui ont été exprimées dans la distribution des scores et des catégories d’échelle. Le processus d’apprentissage en utilisant le Google Classroom en Classe XI à SMA Negeri 21 Medan, à savoir : la phase d’analyse, phase de conception, phase de développement, phase de mise en œuvre et phase d’évaluation. Les résultats de la validation par le validateur en matériaux est la valeur moyenne 77,95 % (bien) et la valeur du média d'apprentissage de Google Classroom est 77, 72 %, (bien). Ensuite description de données des résultats des tests d’utilisation se compose de données sur les résultats du test d'utilisation des médias par l'enseignant. La moyenne est 81.06 % (très bien). Les données sur le résultat de l'utilisation des médias par les lycéens se compose du test individuel est la moyenne 87, 3 % (très bien), le test en petit groupe est la moyenne 89 % (très bien), le test d’essai limité est la moyenne 91,7 % (très bien). La valeur moyenne des résultats d'apprentissage avec l'apprentissage utilisant les médias d'apprentissage de Google Classroom a obtenu le score le plus élevé au post-test de 100,00, meilleur que le score le plus élevé au pré-test de 77,00.Mots-­‐‑clés : E-learning, Google Classroom, L’apprentissage De Français.
TRANSLATION METHOD USED IN DELI MALAY AND SERDANG MALAY FOLKLORES FROM INDONESIAN TO ENGLISH
Authors: RESTIKA RIA , SIREGAR MASITOWARNI , SINAGA LIDIMAN SAHAT M
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to determine the many types of translation methods, how they were employed in the translation of the folklores "Deli Malay" and "Serdang Malay" from Indonesian to English, and why the translators used the prevailing types in these folklores. The descriptive qualitative method was used to perform this research. The data was gathered from a folklore book and an interview with the folklores' translator. Descriptive qualitative research is the method used to analyze the data. The findings of this study revealed that literal translation accounted for 39 sentences (16%), faithful translation accounted for 23 sentences (9%), semantic translation accounted for four sentences (2%), adaptation translation accounted for seven sentences (3%), free translation accounted for 158 sentences (64%) and communicative translation accounted for 16 sentences (6%). A total of 247 sentences were extracted from the data. Because he did not follow any theories or methods of translation when translating the texts, the translator utilized free translation as the dominating method. Instead, he evaluated the translations' target audience, youngsters, and made them acceptable and simple to understand.
Foreign direct investment in the post-communist member states of the European Union: who are the leaders?
Authors: Kozuń-Cieślak Grażyna , Markowska-Bzducha Ewa
Published: January 2022

Joining the European Union has been treated as a chance for Poland and other post-communist countries to improve their economic growth and development. It was clear from the beginning that it was going to be a long and demanding process in which success is only possible if appropriate economic policies are pursued. That policy should provide stable frameworks to support business development, attract foreign direct investments (FDI), keep the discipline in public finances and assure the right institutional ability and managerial skills to absorb the EU funds. According to forecasts by The McKinsey Quarterly from 2004, 5% Poland's economic growth rate was to require around USD 10 billion of annual FDI inflow! The aim of this study was identifying the leaders in attracting FDI among post-communist European Union member states in the period of 2004-2020. The research showed a huge variation in attracting foreign capital among eleven post-communist EU members. Estonia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia seem to be winners in this race, leaving Poland far behind.
The European Union fiscal policy framework and fiscal sustainability: challenges for the post-crisis environment
Authors: Kosterna Urszula
Published: January 2022

The fiscal policy framework in the European Union was originally agreed upon in the Maastricht Treaty 30 years ago. In the following years it has been supplemented (Stability and Growth Pact) and modified, influenced by the experience of its application practice and external shocks, such as the financial crisis. However, the essence of this framework remained the same - member states are obliged to conduct a disciplined fiscal policy, which, in a nutshell, is assessed by comparing the ratio of budget deficit and public debt to GDP in a given country to the reference values. Even before the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic, the need to change the mechanisms for disciplining fiscal policy was widely recognized. High and persistent levels of public debt, pro-cyclicality of fiscal policy, shortage of public investment and the complexity of fiscal rules and their weak enforceability are indicated as unfavorable features of public finance. In 2019 the COVID-19 pandemic came as the biggest shock to the world community since World War II. In the context of the provisions on fiscal discipline, in May 2020 the Commission and the Council activated the general escape clause of Stability and Growth Pact, for the first time ever. This has allowed member states to take the necessary fiscal measures to deal with the crisis. On 19 October 2021, the European Commission adopted a Communication relaunching the public consultation, put on hold in March 2020, on the EU?s economic governance framework. The new governance framework should be tailored to the challenges the EU is facing, including the challenge of achieving a fiscal stance that is appropriate for the euro area as a whole.  There is a fairly widespread belief in the need to move away from rigid reference values, which should be replaced by solutions that ensure the sustainability of public debt in the differing circumstances of member states. The proposed options for the revision of the EU fiscal framework, although justified in theory, have a fundamental flaw - they strengthen the position of supranational institutions and, moreover, open the door to discretion and potentially unequal treatment of member states. These proposals can be seen in a broader context - the federalization of the EU, which would limit the sovereignty of nation states.
La metáfora en la terminología inglés-árabe sobre el cambio climático
Authors: Haddad Haddad Amal , Montero-Martínez Silvia
Published: January 2022

La metáfora es una herramienta poderosa de innovación, de generación de términos y de conceptualización especializada en el discurso científico. En este estudio, se analiza la metáfora subyacente en el neologismo «carbon capture and sequestration» en el subdominio del cambio climático desde el punto de vista de la teoría de la terminología basada en marcos. Se trata de un estudio de caso basado en un corpus inglés-árabe. Los resultados comparan el modelo metafórico del neologismo construido originariamente en inglés y su equivalente creado en árabe a través de un proceso de traducción que implica el trasvase de su marco metafórico.
Análisis de la traducción social en línea: un estudio basado en una metodología mixta
Authors: Sánchez Ramos María del Mar
Published: January 2022

Las prácticas de traducción colaborativa en línea han aumentado desde la llegada de la llamada World Wide Web, en donde el usuario pasivo se vuelve un usuario activo capaz de controlar y compartir información con otros usuarios de una forma que no se habría imaginado años atrás. Basado en un estudio mixto no experimental, el presente artículo analiza la percepción de un grupo de veinte alumnos de traducción en la Universidad de Alcalá (Madrid) hacia las plataformas colaborativas de localización. De entre los resultados obtenidos de los datos cuantitativos y cualitativos, se desprende que se trata de prácticas traductoras desconocidas para la mayoría del estudiantado, y que deben investigarse para su mejor integración dentro del aula de traducción.
Un proyecto de investigación-acción para el desarrollo de la competencia estratégica de traducción
Authors: Tran Thi Oanh , Presas Marisa
Published: January 2022

En este artículo se presenta un proyecto de investigación-acción cuyo objetivo era desarrollar la competencia estratégica en estudiantes de iniciación a la traducción de español a vietnamita en la Universidad de Hanói (Vietnam). Para ello se definió un modelo de competencia estratégica de traducción constituida por tres estrategias: planificación, control y autoevaluación. Para cada una de estas estrategias se determinaron procedimientos. A continuación, se diseñó una acción pedagógica y se implementó con diez estudiantes. Durante la fase de implementación se recogieron datos sobre el progreso de las participantes y sobre la adecuación de la propuesta pedagógica. Los resultados muestran que, en términos generales, ambos aspectos fueron valorados positivamente tanto por las participantes como por la profesora-investigadora.
Ocular findings in Quarter Horses with hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia
Authors: Mochal Cathleen A. , Miller William W. , Cooley A. James , Linford Robert L. , Ryan Peter L. , Rashmir-Raven Ann M.
Published: January 2022

Objective—To compare ocular structures of Quarter Horses homozygous for hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia (HERDA) with those of Quarter Horses not affected by HERDA (control horses) and to determine the frequency of new corneal ulcers for horses with and without HERDA during a 4-year period.

Design—Cohort study of ocular structures and retrospective case series of horses with and without HERDA.

Animals—The cohort portion of the study involved 10 Quarter Horses with HERDA and 10 Quarter Horses without HERDA; the retrospective case series involved 28 horses with HERDA and 291 horses without HERDA.

Procedures—Ophthalmic examinations, Schirmer tear tests, tonometry, corneal pachymetry, histologic examinations, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed in cohorts of Quarter Horses with and without HERDA. Records were reviewed to determine the incidence of corneal ulcers in horses with and without HERDA during a 4-year period.

Results—Corneal thickness of horses with HERDA was significantly less than that of control horses, but tear production of horses with HERDA was significantly greater than that of control horses. Results of SEM revealed zones of disorganized, haphazardly arranged collagen fibrils in corneas of horses with HERDA that were not evident in corneas of control horses. The incidence of corneal ulcers was significantly greater for horses with HERDA than for horses without HERDA during the 4-year period.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Alterations in corneal thickness, arrangement of collagen fibers, and incidence of corneal ulcers indicated that abnormalities in horses with HERDA were not limited to the skin.
Nicolai Hartmann und die Gestalttheorie. Ein Vergleich unter dem Aspekt “Kausalität”
Authors: Walter Hans-Jürgen P.
Published: January 2022

In 1919 Nicolai Hartmann (NH) convincingly justified that there cannot exist a “general law of causation” as A. Meinong had in mind. For him Meinong’s understanding of causation (linear, successive in time) was bound on the region of the physical layer of being, simultaneously postulating it as the only possible causation there.

This is the starting point of the comparison between N. Hartmann‘s understanding of causation and that of the Gestalt Theory, for which neither in psychic nor in natural (physical) context linear-successive causality plays a part. Therefore NH’s conception of 1919 was still completely incompatible with that of the Gestalt Theory despite the fact that he was distancing himself from the “general law of causation” sensu Meinong.

20 years later he changed this by adding the “Wechselwirkung” (interaction) to the linear successive causation in the physical layer.

In doing so he approached the Gestalt theoretical position but failed it insofar as for it his linear-successive understanding of causation generally has had its day with regard to natural processes, also consequently for the physical (instead interaction between system and border conditions applies, an interaction of field forces). Thus the term “causation“ had become free for a dynamic concept of causation which is equally appropriate for the physical and the psychic.

NH makes this move not until 1949, shortly before his death, by writing: ... (see original quotation in the German summary above).

It is the opinion of the author of this work that the ingenious systematics of NH‘s Critical Ontology (which is not a closed system) should make it possible to execute the necessary corrections in some details of his theory of layers without questioning the structure of his systematics, thus carrying out what NH was not able to do himself due to his death.
An Adaptive Island Model of Population for Neuroevolutionary Ship Handling
Authors: Łącki Mirosław
Published: January 2022

This study presents a method for the dynamic value assignment of evolutionary parameters to accelerate, automate and generalise the neuroevolutionary method of ship handling for different navigational tasks and in different environmental conditions. The island model of population is used in the modified neuroevolutionary method to achieve this goal. Three different navigational situations are considered in the simulation, namely, passing through restricted waters, crossing with another vessel and overtaking in the open sea. The results of the simulation examples show that the island model performs better than a single non-divided population and may accelerate some complex and dynamic navigational tasks. This adaptive island-based neuroevolutionary system used for the COLREG manoeuvres and for the finding safe ship’s route to a given destination in restricted waters increases the accuracy and flexibility of the simulation process. The time statistics show that the time of simulation of island NEAT was shortened by 6.8% to 27.1% in comparison to modified NEAT method.
A Taxonomy Of Euroscepticism
Authors: Bunciu Răzvan-Ștefan
Published: January 2022

This paper aims to visualise a contemporary phenomenon with dire consequences: Euroscepticism. First of all, I draw the picture of a world in which cleavages dominate social relations. Borders sometimes become bridges between states, paradoxically, as is the case with the European Union (EU). The question is this: How can this cross-border friendship be maintained? I cannot provide an answer, but develop a taxonomy of negative sentiments toward the EU and its policies. By understanding the reasons that lead citizens to criticise the EU, we can prevent these negative thoughts from rising, so as to avoid the negative consequences of conflict. The different types presented cover in a comprehensive manner the forms in which criticism toward the EU manifests itself. The ultimate purpose of this paper is to describe each type and to provide recent examples to illustrate them. Last but not least, I briefly formulate a few statements regarding the evolution of Euroscepticism between 2004 and 2020.
The Effects Of Leadership, Family Of Origin, And Self-Efficacy In Predicting Anticipated Work-Family/Family-Work Conflict In Student Volunteers
Authors: Candel Octav Sorin , Jitaru Mihaela , Arnăutu Monica , Zarojanu Alexandru-Gabriel
Published: January 2022

Balancing work and family roles proves to be a rather difficult task for most individuals. The social cognitive career theory (Lent, Brown, and Hackett 1994) states that to reach positive outcomes in the work domain, people need to develop self-efficacy through adequate learning experiences. With this study, we tested the importance of two contexts that can provide valuable learning experiences: family and volunteering. Thus, we verified the relationship between the division of labour in the family of origin, respectively, authentic leadership use in the volunteering organization and anticipated work-family and family-work conflict in a sample of student volunteers. Self-efficacy in dealing with the conflict between the two domains was used as a mediator. One hundred and ten students who were also volunteers at the time of the study participated in this research. A series of mediation models showed significant indirect effects from family and volunteering experiences on the conflict between work and family. Spillover effects were also confirmed. This study provides an understanding of how positive contexts such as equitable division of labour in the family and having an authentic leader in the volunteering organization help students develop their self-efficacy, which also contributes to anticipating lower levels of conflict between the work and family domains.
The potential of high-frequency ultrasound Dopplerography in the assessment of microcirculatory disorders in post-COVID-19 patients with a cardiovascular profile
Authors: Andozhskaya Yu. S.
Published: January 2022

Introduction. Patients with cardiovascular diseases have endothelial dysfunction and a higher risk of severe course of COVID-19, and thrombotic complications. Associated endotheliitis caused by virus penetration and cytokines storm leads to the release of tissue factor, the formation of excess thrombin and fibrin and thrombosis. The aim. To identify the potential of high-frequency ultrasound Dopplerography (HFUDG) for the assessment of microcirculatory disorders in post-COVID-19 patients with cardiovascular profile and to assess the microcirculatory bed condition before and after treatment with sulodexide. Materials and methods. 49 patients recovered from moderate-severe COVID-19 one month ago, aged 20–80, were examined. 24 patients, received prophylaxis with POACs for 1 month, formed group I, group II – 25 patients without prophylaxis. The nail bed of the upper limb 1st finger was examined using HFUDG and a 25 MHz sensor. Shape and spectrum of curves taken from dopplerograms were analyzed. The control examination was performed 4 weeks after therapy. Results. In patients after COVID19, depletion of spectral characteristics was revealed in comparison with dopplerograms of healthy individuals. The predominantly red part of the spectrum corresponding to the fastest particles was recorded. Slow-moving particles corresponding to the lighter part of the spectrum were nearly non-existent. In patients administrated POAC prophylaxis, amplitude indices were higher. Significant increase in D-dimer, antithrombin III, and soluble fibrin monomer complexes (SFMC) was also detected. The remaining parameters of the coagulogram were within the norm before and after treatment. After a course of sulodexide therapy, the spectral characteristics and coagulogram parameters returned to normal. Conclusion. HFUDG allows to detect stasis of capillary blood flow, the appearance of shunt blood flow corresponding to microtrombosis. Microcirculation indicators in post-COVID-19 patients improved after a course of preventive therapy with sulodexide.
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Authors: Editorial Article
Published: January 2022

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Embolism to the main limb arteries in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Mel’nikov M. V. , Sotnikov A. V. , Kozhevnikov D. S. , Solov’yeva M. V. , Boldueva S. A .
Published: January 2022

Introduction. Acute limb ischemia due to embolism in patients with atrial fibrillation remains poorly studied. Objective – to study the clinical significance and role of atrial fibrillation (AF) in the development of embolism to the bifurcation of the aorta and the main arteries of the limbs. Materials and methods. Treatment results of 1816 patients with acute ischemia of the extremities due to embolism treated at a specialized vascular surgical department for the past 30 years were analyzed. 1611 (88.7 %) of them had AF. The distribution into studied groups was according to the period time factor. Group 1 (n = 744) consisted of patients admitted in the period from 1991 to 2000; in group 2 (n = 568) – admitted in the period from 2001 to 2010, in group 3 (n = 299) – from 2011 to 2020. Methods included clinical examination, electrocardiography, Doppler-ultrasound, echocardiography. Results. The role of rheumatic heart disease as a cause of AF has decreased over the past decades by almost 10 times (from 19.5 % in group 1 to 2.0 % in group 3). Currently, the main background diseases for the development of AF are arterial hypertension and various forms of coronary artery disease. Embolism in patients with AF may develop in the arteries of all vascular areas of the systemic circulation, but in the practice of a vascular surgeon more often in the main arteries of minor caliber – the brachial (24.5 %) and popliteal (13.0 %). Multiple embolisms to various vascular areas were found in 2.8 % of patients. Urgent surgical revascularization of the limb by open embolectomy was performed in 1481 (91.9 %) patients that allowed 1348 (83.7 %) to be discharged with limb-sparing. Conclusion. In patients with acute limb ischemia of embologenic ethiology, comorbid AF has 88.7 % of them. Urgent embolectomy allows 83.7 % of patients to be discharged without limb amputation. Hospital mortality in the period 1991–2000 was 15.6 %, the last decade has been reduced to 7.4 %.
Systemic endotheliitis in terms of novel coronavirus infection COVID-19: gender-related and perinatal risks
Authors: Chkhaidze I. Z. , Lioznov D. A. , Petrishchev N . N. , Niauri D. A.
Published: January 2022

The review considers some physiological features that reflect gender differences in the susceptibility to a novel coronavirus infection. Up-to-date information on the impact of COVID-19 on the course of pregnancy and perinatal outcomes is presented. The debatable issues of the possibility of vertical transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus are highlighted based on the analysis of available literature data and recommendations of international professional communities.
Changes in micro- and central hemodynamic parameters in rats under the action of acetylsalicylic acid and its coordination compounds with metals
Authors: Chuyan E. N. , Mironyuk I. S. , Ravaeva M. Yu. , Grishina T. V. , Cheretaev I. V. , Chernobai S. E.
Published: January 2022

Introduction. The cutaneous blood circulation is a representative model both for studying the mechanisms of vascular diseases and for assessing the current state of the central hemodynamics in preclinical researches of various chemical compounds. Aim. The changes in the parameters of cutaneous microcirculation and central hemodynamics (heart rate and blood pressure) were studied in the animals under the action of acetylsalicylic acid and its coordination compounds with cations of cobalt, zinc, nickel and manganese at a dose of 20 mg/kg. Materials and methods. The research was conducted using the laser Doppler flowmetry method on the Lazma-MC device (manufactured by RPE Lazma, Russia) and the NIBP200A system (Biopac Systems, Inc., USA). Results. The study shows that animals develop bradycardia, and microcirculation and central hemodynamics change in two ways after the introduction of acetylsalicylic acid and the tested metal salicylates. These ways are hypotension-related hyperemia (acetylsalicylic acid and cobalt salicylate) and ischemia (zinc, nickel and manganese salicylates) associated with hypertension. Conclusion. The obtained data confirm the cardiotropic activity of new coordination compounds. The data also prove that the generation of the acetylsalicylic acid derivatives allows enhancing it physiological effects, as well as obtaining completely new molecules. The molecules are different from the precursor one and are necessary for the production of effective drugs.
Idiolect and Identity: Fourth Grade Students’ Translanguaging, Comprehension, and Self-Identity
Authors: Eller Stephanie , Nieto David
Published: January 2022

The practice of translanguaging offers emergent bilinguals the opportunity to access their full linguistic repertoire. This qualitative study uses the lenses of dynamic bilingualism and idiolect, or one’s own unique language patterns, to explore emergent bilinguals’ translanguaging and reading comprehension strategies during a reading think-aloud, as well as the ways that language factors into the construction of self-identity. Data collected from a think-aloud show that the five fourth-grade students used language flexibly when reading and comprehending the texts that were presented in both Spanish and English. The participants, in follow-up interviews, also explained ways that they use translanguaging strategies when communicating with different audiences and how their identity as bilinguals positions them as mediators of their own language use. These findings support the conclusion that when students’ idiolects are supported and encouraged, they are able to develop positive self-identities.
Mimesis y representación: algunos apuntes sobre la razón mimética
Authors: García de la Sienra Rodrigo
Published: January 2022

Este artículo aborda el problema de la mimesis desde una perspectiva arqueológica; y tiene como hilo conductor la transformación que sufrieron en Grecia las categorías arcaicas, relativas a la percepción de lo invisible o de la presencia ausente, ello a raíz del advenimiento de las instituciones de la polis, así como de las tecnologías de la representación, que estuvieron asociadas con la emergencia de su novedoso marco de publicidad. Desde ese umbral, se busca situar la idea de una razón mimética, cuya relación con la verdad se fundamenta en una forma de conciencia hecha posible por el trabajo con los poderes del imaginario y de la representación.Mimesis and representation: some notes on mimetic reasonThis article is about mimesis from an archaeologic perspective; and follows the thread of the transformation undergone by archaic categories in Greece related to the perception of the invisible or the absent presence, that as a result of the incoming of the institutions belonging to the polis, as well as the representation technologies which were associated to the emergence of a nouvelle publicity frame. From that threshold it is sought here to situate the idea of a mimetic reason, whose relationship with the truth is founded on a consciousness form enabled by work done by the powers of the imagination and representation.Enviado a dictamen: 20 de noviembre 2021Aceptación: 4 de diciembre 2021
Acerca de las filosofías del cuidado y la potencia de la fantasía
Authors: Mondragón Rafael
Published: January 2022

A partir de una confrontación con planteamientos de pensadores como Federico García Lorca, Janusz Korczak, Ernst Bloch y C. G. Jung, el texto elabora algunas reflexiones sobre la potencia de la fantasía y las enmarca en el proceso de desarrollo del niño en su primera infancia. El texto combina el análisis de planteamientos con la experiencia del autor como padre de una niña recién nacida y enmarca sus reflexiones en el marco de lo que, con Leonardo Boff, podría llamarse “filosofías del cuidado”.Some approaches to the philosophies of care and to fantasy’s powerAbstractIn the present text, the author draws from thinkers such as Federico García Lorca, Janusz Korczak, Ernst Bloch and C. G. Jung to propose some approaches to the power of fantasy and the origins of this power in the process of children’s development. The text also makes use of the author’s experience as the father of a newborn child. The approaches here presented are grouped in a field here conceptualized as “philosophies of care” using the perspective of Leonardo Boff. Enviado a dictamen: 16 de noviembre 2021Aceptación: 8 de diciembre 2021
Las escalas de lo humano. Pensar las infraestructuras del Antropoceno
Authors: Rodríguez freire Raúl
Published: January 2022

En un intento por hacer comprensible el cruce de la corta y rápida historia humana con la profunda y lenta historia del planeta, se reflexiona sobre cómo las transnacionales del mundo actual, diseñado para sostener el consumo global, están destruyendo cada espacio vital, acción exterminadora –en la cual la responsabilidad individual no debe escamotearse– que lleva paulatinamente a la muerte de la vida humana, así lo viviente –las bacterias, por ejemplo–, con toda seguridad, continúe su historia, es decir, resistirá una extinción más en el planeta. La comprensión de esta realidad es la tarea, urgente, de “humanidades” en el siglo XXI.The human scales.Thinking about the Antropocene infrastructuresAbstractIn an attempt to make the crossing the short and quick human history with the deep and slow history of the planet understandable, it is reflected on how the transnational companies of the current world, designed to sustain global consumption, are destroying every living space, exterminating action - in which individual responsibility should not be shirked - which gradually leads to the death of human life, thus the living - bacteria, for example - will surely continue its history, that is, it will resist one more extinction on the planet. Understanding this reality is the urgent task of “humanities” in the XXI century.Enviado a dictamen: 10 de noviembre 2021Aceptación: 29 de noviembre 2021
AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF PREDICTORS OF LATE ARRHYTHMIA RECURRENCES IN PATIENTS WITH PERSISTENT ATRIAL FI BRILLATION AFTER CARDIOVERSION
Authors:   Lviv Regional Clinical Treatment and Diagnostics Cardiology Center, Lviv, Ukraine, Pavlyk Nazar , Chernyaha-Royko Ulyana ,   Lviv regional clinical treatment and diagnostics cardiology center,   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine, Zharinov Oleg ,   Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Sorokivskyy Mykhaylo ,   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
Published: January 2022

Introduction. The existing guidelines do not contain a clear algorithm for predicting the late recurrences of atrial fibrillation (AFib). Objectives. We have studied the predictors of late recurrence of arrhythmia in patients with persistent AFib after the restoration of sinus rhythm (SR). Research methods. A prospective single-center study included 120 hospitalized patients with persistent AFib who underwent successful cardioversion. The recurrence of AFib was assessed in the early period after cardioversion by recording 12-channel ECG, Holter ECG monitoring and event ECG monitoring. After a nine-month period follow-up visit was performed. Baseline demographic, clinical-functional features and comorbidities were compared in group with (n = 87) and without (n = 33) late recurrences of Afib. Results. There were no differences in demographic, anthropometric data and comorbidities. Patients with late recurrence of AFib had a lower heart rate (HR) after SR recovery (p <0.001). Early recurrences of AFib were found in 43 (49.4%) patients with late recurrences of arrhythmia and only in two (6.0%) without late recurrences (p <0.001). Patients with late recurrences of arrhythmia had a lower average daily HR (p <0.001), a higher number of single atrial extrasystoles (p = 0.001), atrial pairs and runs (p = 0.01) recorded by Holter ECG monitoring. Conclusions. Late recurrences of arrhythmia during the nine-month follow-up period were reported in 72.5% of patients. Groups of patients with and without late recurrence of arrhythmia had significant differences in the incidence of early recurrences, mean HR on SR, and the presence of atrial extrasystoles after rhythm recovery.