bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementasi Kebijakan Menangani PKL di Kawasan Kota Tua Jakarta
Authors: Alimah Azizah Fathi , Abdillah Syukur
Published: August 2024

Kota Tua Jakarta merupakan sebuah miniatur tentang perjalanan panjang kota Jakarta sebagai salah satu kota pelabuhan di Indonesia. Setiap sudut Kota Tua Jakarta menggambarkan bagaimana sentuhan budaya dari negara berbeda yang dibawa oleh para pedagang pada setiap era Pemerintahan pada setiap arsitektur pada gedung dan jalanan. Peninggalan tersebut menjadi daya tarik tersendiri bagi para pengunjung Kota Tua Jakarta untuk bisa menyelami suasana pada masa Hindia Belanda. Seiring menjadi tempat yang dikunjungi banyak orang, tentu menjadi magnet bagi orang untuk bisa melakukan kegiatan perekonomian di kawasan tersebut. Salah satu kegiatan perekonomian sektor informal yang dilakukan dikenal dengan pedagang kaki lima (PKL). Kehadiran PKL pada kawasan Kota Tua perlu dilakukan pengendalian untuk menjaga kondisi Kota Tua sebagai destinasi wisata untuk tetap kondusif dan nyaman bagi para pengunjung. Setelah rencana kegiatan revitalisasi Kota Tua yang dilakukan dari tahun 2014, keberadaan PKL masih menjadi masalah serius yang masih ditangani. Berbagai upaya dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Provinsi DKI Jakarta melalui Pemerintah Kota Administrasi Jakarta Barat. Penulisan ini dimaksudkan agar upaya yang telah dilakukan dapat terus dievaluasi untuk menciptakan kawasan Kota Tua yang nyaman bagi para pengunjung dan pelaku usaha di dalamnya. Melalui pendekatan metode kualitatif, permasalahan yang ada dapat lebih mudah dideskriptifkan dan memberikan rekomendasi kebijakan yaitu: 1) Pelatihan kepada PKL; 2) Penyesuaian lokasi binaan; dan 3) Penegakan aturan secara tegas untuk mengisi lokasi binaan yang disediakan.
Regulations on the Use of Indonesian in Making Contracts According to Indonesian Positive Law
Authors: Suwardiyati Rumi , Rustam Riky
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Contracts form the backbone of business dealings, establishing the foundations and binding all collaborative endeavors between parties involved. In the Indonesian context, the use of the national language in contractual agreements has been explicitly governed by laws and regulations, specifically Law Number 24 of 2009 concerning the National Flag, Language, Emblem, and Anthem.Purposes of the Research: This study aims to scrutinize and analyze the regulatory framework surrounding the use of the Indonesian language in contract drafting, as mandated by the positive laws of Indonesia. Additionally, it seeks to elucidate the legal ramifications that may arise from non-compliance with these provisions. Furthermore, the research endeavors to provide legal clarity and offer recommendations pertaining to this issue.Methods of the Research: This research adopts a normative legal approach, employing both statutory and conceptual frameworks. The legal materials utilized encompass primary, secondary, and tertiary sources. The collection of legal materials is facilitated through library research, while the analysis of these materials is conducted qualitatively, employing content analysis and legal interpretation techniques.Results of the Research: The findings of this research present a comprehensive analysis of the regulations governing the use of the Indonesian language in contract drafting, shedding light on the legal implications of non-compliance with these provisions. Furthermore, the research offers recommendations and suggestions tailored for government agencies, business entities, and legal practitioners, guiding them in implementing the use of the Indonesian language in contracts in accordance with the applicable legal framework.
Analysing Generation Z Communication Attitudes, Values and Norms
Authors: Peredy Zoltán , Vigh László , Quingyu Wei , Muyi Jiang
Published: August 2024

Generation is a group of people who have similar birth years, life experiences, and cultural influences. Generation Z is the current generation that has attracted much attention from researchers. People born between 1995 and 2012, referred to as Generation Z, grew up alongside significant technological advancements in communication and they have special behavioral patterns in real life differing the elderly generations. Generation Z respondents hold unprecedented, unexpected attitudes, values and norms including awareness of the negatives of technology use, differences in personal preferences and professional behaviors, self-regulation of technology use, and concern for boundaries between personal and work life. They are completely awakened by the social responsibilities towards society, knowledge of laws, rules and regulation, they are extremely digital indigenous, technology savvy, challenging, adventurous, active decision maker, leadership skill and talented. Through in-depth analysis and case studies gaining insight a new perspective for understanding the true nature and motivational driving forces of special cohort. This has significant implications for policy makers, business managers helping them to improving the communications with Generation Z avoiding misunderstandings in the future, raising their recruitment, onboarding and working efficiency or predict their potential consumer preferences, winning this group via the social media channels for long-term economic benefits in the following decade.
Perfil epidemiológico da doença pelo Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV) nas cinco regiões brasileiras
Authors: Marchioro Leandro da Costa Letícia , Marchioro Leandro da Costa Lívia , Maria Silva Isabella , Guimarães Silva Sabrina
Published: August 2024

Introdução: Historicamente, o Brasil é referência para muitos países no manejo do HIV/AIDS. Entretanto, a distribuição da doença, assim como seu perfil, tem sofrido uma heterogeneização. Marcadores epidemiológicos e sociais são fundamentais para o planejamento e otimização de ações em saúde pública. O objetivo deste artigo é descrever os dados estatísticos do perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes infectados pelo vírus HIV nas cinco macrorregiões brasileiras e associá-los a literatura. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico e retrospectivo embasado em dados públicos de internações coletados no Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde. A amostra são pacientes portadores de HIV/AIDS usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) das cinco macrorregiões brasileiras no período de 2015 a 2020. Foram utilizados artigos disponíveis nas plataformas Pubmed e Scielo para contextualização literária. Resultados: Foram analisadas 160.428 internações. O panorama de internações e óbitos seguiu o padrão populoso de cada macrorregião, o sexo mais acometido foi o masculino, a faixa etária com mais infecções foi entre 20-44 anos, o maior número de infectados foram da cor parda, chamou a atenção a baixa escolaridade entre esses pacientes e o maior modo de contágio foi a via sexual. Conclusão: Nesse contexto, conhecer a epidemiologia e perfil de vulnerabilidade é fundamental para as ações de saúde pública que permitam melhor qualidade de vida e maior sobrevida.
Associação: COVID na gestação e descolamento prematuro de placenta
Authors: Alves de Mendonça Alice , De Oliveira Villela Arthur , Nascimento Leis Betina , Lages Coelho Sarah
Published: August 2024

COVID-19 na gestação e descolamento prematuro de placenta (DPP) são causas relevantes de parto prematuro, ainda são escassos relatos de associação entre eles, mas há evidências de que a má perfusão vascular ou trombose vascular na circulação fetal em ambos os casos pode ser fator importante para este desfecho. A COVID possui complicações imunológicas que aumentam a coagulação em alguns casos e a fisiopatologia da DPP está intimamente ligada à lesão vascular, por rotura ou oclusão, culminado em sangramento vaginal na maioria dos casos. Tais patologias podem ocorrer de forma concomitante em certos pacientes, sendo necessário o estudo para auxiliar no diagnóstico precoce. O artigo em questão apresenta análise de literaturas que colocam em discussão a associação da COVID com o DPP, além de um relato de caso de uma paciente na segunda gestação com uma ampla história patológica pregressa, admitida no pronto socorro ginecológico e obstétrico do Hospital São João Batista, Volta Redonda, apresentando queixas álgicas em baixo ventre e sintomas gripais, onde após realização de exames de imagem e laboratoriais, foi diagnosticada com COVID l e após o período de isolamento respiratório (7 dias) apresentou um quadro de DPP.
Triagem Auditiva Neonatal
Authors: De Souza Covinha Quaresma Daniela , Lima Vieitas Julia , Severo Soares Louisy , Rodrigues Costas1 Luciano
Published: August 2024

A privação sensorial da audição nos primeiros anos de vida poderá acarretar dificuldades na aquisição da fala, da linguagem, além de interferir no processo do desenvolvimento de pensamento, inteligência e raciocínio, como também na formação do indivíduo como um todo e até em seu processo de inclusão social (OLIVEIRA, 2002). O reconhecimento da deficiência auditiva como problema de saúde pública impulsionou a obrigatoriedade da realização da Triagem Auditiva Neonatal Universal (TANU), popularmente conhecida como “Teste da Orelhinha”, a partir da lei federal 12.303 (BRASIL, 2010). Este trabalho tem como objetivo compreender a relevância da Triagem Auditiva Neonatal através da coleta de dados e as condições que influenciam em seus resultados de uma amostra de recém-nascidos do Hospital São João Batista no município de Volta Redonda, Rio de Janeiro. Trata-se de um estudo de campo quantitativo e qualitativo, o qual abordou variáveis epidemiológicas e clínicas, tanto da mãe quanto da criança, como sexo do recém-nascido, tipo de parto, idade gestacional, presença de pré-natal adequado, história familiar de surdez congênita, o peso ao nascer, asfixiados na hora do parto (APGAR), infecções congênitas como HIV, Sífilis, Rubéola, Citomegalovírus, Herpes vírus e Toxoplasmose e avaliação pelo reteste, na TANU baseado nos critérios publicados no Joint Committee of Hearing (1994). Entre o período de dezembro de 2020 a julho de 2021 foi aplicado ao responsável do recém-nascido através de entrevista, coleta de dados da caderneta da criança e resultado do exame de EOA pela fonoaudióloga. Evidenciou-se a estreita relação do sexo biológico, o acometimento maior da orelha esquerda e a presença de infecções congênitas durante a gestação como critérios de falha na Triagem Auditiva Neonatal. Portanto, se faz necessário o registro de resultados da triagem e outros dados do desenvolvimento na Caderneta da Criança como objeto de prevenção e promoção de saúde infantil.
Hipotireoidismo na gestação
Authors: Lin Guo Hong Luiz , Vieira Lima Vitor , Ferreira Cury Rodrigo , Tahan Alves de Oliveira Silva Icaro , Ramos Carvalho Caio César , Biasuz Pastorio Eriel , Barbosa de Brito Marcos Vinicius , Silva Soares Marins Walkiria
Published: August 2024

Este artigo discute as complicações do hipotireoidismo gestacional para a saúde materna e fetal, incluindo aborto espontâneo e parto prematuro. Embora o rastreamento universal não seja recomendado, as gestantes com fatores de risco devem ser avaliadas. O diagnóstico é feito por exame clínico e dosagem de TSH e T4 livre sérico, no qual o tratamento é obrigatório para hipotireoidismo evidente devido a sua associação com resultados adversos na gravidez e desenvolvimento fetal. O hipotireoidismo subclínico é uma forma mais suave e a opção de tratamento é controversa. Portanto, é fundamental o diagnóstico precoce e o tratamento adequado do hipotireoidismo na gestação. A metodologia utilizada foi uma revisão literatura narrativa de 18 artigos utilizando bancos de dados como Scielo, UpToDate, Google Acadêmico, PubMed e Elsevier.
Automedicação em adultos
Authors: Amaro da Silva Lorran Augusto , Carvalho Rocha Álvaro , Arantes José Roberto Barroso
Published: August 2024

A automedicação é um mal enraizado na sociedade brasileira e acontece por diversos fatores: falta de serviço público adequado, rotina em grandes capitais, falta de informação sobre os malefícios causados, livre acesso a informações na internet e alto número de farmácias que precisam lucrar. Dentro desse trabalho buscamos em artigos já publicados e em sites relacionados a saúde entender como isso prejudica a sociedade atual e como podemos atuar para diminuir essa prática. Além disso, buscamos entender como a automedicação afetou a sociedade no período de pandemia e como a internet pode disseminar informações falsas. Dentro desses objetivos tivemos a constatação que o perfil socioeconômico está diretamente ligado a automedicação, além disso o estresse e a rotina influenciam no hábito e a maioria das pessoas que fazem uso de medicamentos sem receita tem entre 25-35 anos, confirmando o ponto abordado acima. Para finalizar, acreditamos que a união entre órgãos do governo pode ajudar e amenizar esse hábito, junto com propagandas expondo os riscos para a população.
As manifestações neurofisiológicas nos distúrbios de ansiedade no ambiente acadêmico do UniFOA
Authors: Guimarães Rachel , Braz Lorraine , Almeida Maria Eduarda , Freitas Rodrigo , Abreu João Rodrigo
Published: August 2024

Este estudo tem o intuito de mensurar o conhecimento e experiências individuais dos entrevistados sobre o tema Manifestações neurofisiológicas nos distúrbios de ansiedade no ambiente acadêmico da Unifoa, bem como identificar os indivíduos acometidos pelos transtornos de ansiedade, os sintomas sofridos e por fim sugerir ferramentas oferecidas pela instituição, como o CAIP (Centro de aperfeiçoamento e inovação pedagógica) para acolhimento e oitiva com psicólogo da instituição. Para tanto, foi utilizado como método de coleta de dados um questionário quantitativo e qualitativo, de forma que os entrevistados fossem abordados com formulário online e presencial. Através do conteúdo levantado e análise de dados, gráficos foram criados para ilustrar os resultados e para que desta maneira fossem discutidos. Analisando os resultados obtidos a partir da pesquisa, pode-se perceber que todos os entrevistados sabem o que é ansiedade, mas apenas uma pequena parcela sabe sobre a existência de todos os transtornos advindo dessa doença. Além disso, estima-se que 61,9% dos entrevistados são acometidos pelos sintomas ocasionados pela ansiedade, mas apenas 27,5% fazem a terapêutica. Logo, consegue-se entender o motivo de tantos indivíduos sofrerem por essa doença, a falta de tratamento medicamentoso e alternativo, acarretam essa realidade.
FRAZEOLOGIK (TURGʻUN) BIRIKMALAR VA ULARNI TARJIMA QILISH USULLARI
Authors: Alaudinova Dilnoza
Published: August 2024

Ushbu maqolada frazeolofik biriklmalar va ularning tarjima qilish usullari haqida soʻz boradi. Frazeologik birliklar yoki frazema – bu ikki yoki undan ortiq soʻzdan tashkil topgan, maʼnoviy jihatdan oʻzaro bogʻliq soʻz birikmasi yoki gapga teng keladigan, yaxlitligicha koʻchma maʼnoda qoʻllanadigan va boʻlinmaydigan, barqaror (turgʻun) bogʻlanmalarning umumiy nomi.
Monitoring of atmospheric air quality in cities participating in the federal project “Clean Air” of the Far Eastern Economic Region
Authors: Fedorov Vladimir N. , Kovshov Aleksandr A. , Tikhonova Nadezhda A. , Novikova Yuliya A. , Kopytenkova Olga I. , Myasnikov Igor O.
Published: August 2024

Introduction. Air pollution over 2021 was associated with about 6.7 thousand additional deaths and almost 1.1 million additional cases of illness among the Russian population. Conducting an atmospheric air quality assessment for the subsequent selection of priority measures aimed at reducing its negative impact on public health is the main task of the Clean Air federal project.
The aim of the study is to assess the management of monitoring and air quality in the cities of Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Petrovsk-Zabaykalsky, and Ussuriysk before the implementation of the federal project “Clean Air”.
Materials and methods. The monitoring programs for atmospheric air quality, the results of laboratory studies for 2021 were used. The number, location of observation posts, volumes, frequency of sampling, a list of indicators, the total number of samples, the number of samples exceeding the MPC, average annual, maximum one-time concentrations of pollutants were analyzed.
Results. In Komsomolsk-on-Amur, atmospheric air quality monitoring was carried out at 4 stationary and 3 route posts, Ussuriysk – 1 mobile and 1 stationary post, Petrovsk-Zabaikalsky – 1 stationary post. All studied cities are characterized by systematic excesses of hygienic standards for specific indicators. The level of air pollution in the city of Komsomolsk-on-Amur is assessed as very high, in the cities of Ussuriysk and Petrovsk-Zabaikalsky – low. Despite the low level of air pollution, these towns are characterized by systematic excesses of hygienic standards of some indicators.
Limitations. The study analyzed the management of monitoring and the results of laboratory studies of atmospheric air only in the cities of Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Ussuriysk, Petrovsk-Zabaykalsky.
Conclusion. The existing monitoring system in the Ussuriysk, Komsomolsk-on-Amur and Petrovsk-Zabaykalsky cities fails to allow an objective assessing
of the quality of atmospheric air and its impact on public health. To objective evaluation of the impact of atmospheric air quality on the health of the population of the studied cities, measures to optimize the monitoring system were proposed.
Features of the chemical composition of fine suspended particles in the atmospheric air of residential and industrial zones of the city of Sibay, Republic of Bashkortostan
Authors: Rafikov Salavat Sh. , Suleimanov Rafail A. , Semenova Irina N. , Rafikova Yulia S. , Valeev Timur K. , Rakhmatullin Nail R. , Rakhmatullina Liliana R.
Published: August 2024

Introduction. Atmospheric particulate matter as a negative environmental factor can be a significant hazard depending on their size, morphometric and physicochemical characteristics.
The purpose of the study. To investigate the elemental composition of finely dispersed suspended particles in the atmospheric air of the industrial zones of the mining center of the Bashkir Trans-Urals - the city of Sibay.
Materials and methods. Air sampling was carried out in the industrial area of ​​Sibay using an AVA-3-240/180-01 automatic three-channel air aspirator with AFA-VP-20 filters. Microscopy of samples and determination of the elemental composition of dust emissions were carried out at the Interdisciplinary Center “Analytical Microscopy” of the Kazan Federal University (Kazan) on a universal analytical complex for scanning field emission electron microscopy Merlin (Carl Zeiss).
Results. On electron micrographs, there were identified particles of various sizes, mostly round in shape with clear edges, located solitary. In the automatic mode of processing the spectra, the peaks of the elements in the spectrum were automatically recognized and identified. In addition to carbon and oxygen, the calcium, iron, silicon, potassium, aluminium, copper, sulphur, sodium and magnesium are main chemical constituents of particulate matter encountered at all sampling points. Zinc was present in dust samples at three points, scandium, titanium, cobalt, barium, and manganese – only at one point. The possibility of the relation between the content of fine particles in the air and the increased incidence of cardiovascular, bronchopulmonary diseases, including asthma, in the population of Sibay is discussed.
Limitations. The study of the elemental composition of fine dust in the city of Sibay was carried out using atmospheric air samples taken at 5 points located in residential and industrial areas.
Conclusion. The increased content of fine particles in the atmospheric air of the city of Sibay increases the risks of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, as well as other health abnormalities, in the population permanently residing near industrial zones. The obtained data on the parameters of dust particles are the basis for assessing the share contribution of industrial enterprises to air pollution and making management decisions to improve the environmental situation in the industrial center of the mining region.
Hygienic assessment of occupational conditions and schedule of railway employees
Authors: Kuzmin Sergey V. , Samodurova Natalia Yu.
Published: August 2024

Introduction. Railway transport is one of the leading branches of the national economy, though more than 50% of the railway employees have to undergo some occupational hazards [1]. In recent years, with the introduction of new technologies, significant changes have occurred in the rolling stock. Up to date research on the hygienic assessment of occupational conditions and schedule of railway employees is needed.
The purpose of the study is to investigate the occupational conditions and schedule of railway employees, and to identify the principal occupational hazards.
Materials and methods. The materials of the special assessment of the occupational conditions at workplaces in the divisions of the South-Eastern Directorate of Traction, as well as the results of the proper hygienic studies, including railway employees inquiry on occupational hazards (n=300). The analysis of the occupational conditions was carried out according to Guide No. 2.2.2006–05.
Results. According to the results of an objective assessment of occupational conditions of railway employees, the main occupational hazard is high work intensity. The second most important factor is noise. Profound hygienic studies show that such occupational hazards as vibration, electromagnetic field (EMF), dust, etc. should be paid more attention.
Limitations. The limitations of the study are related to their volume. The data of the special assessment of the occupational conditions and production control were used for the period of 2019–2023, the sample size of the respondents was 300 employees (2022).
Conclusion. According to the results of an objective assessment of occupational conditions of railway employees, the main occupational health risk factor is high work intensity accompanied by a shift work schedule. The second most important factor is noise. The results of the questionnaire are generally consistent with the results of the special assessment of occupational conditions of railway employees, but also indicate other occupational hazards the employees to undergo including vibration, gas and dust contamination, exposure to electromagnetic fields, the level of which generally meets the requirements of hygienic standards. The ranking of the railway employees was carried out, occupations at risk of developing general pathological syndromes were identified.
Assessment of the effect of the CNTF gene rs1800169 polymorphism on serum dopamine levels in patients with vibration disease
Authors: Bodienkova Galina M. , Boklazhenko Elena V. , Chistova Nadezhda P.
Published: August 2024

Introduction. The modern stage in the study of vibration disease (VD) is characterized by a significant expansion of research in the field of investigating the role of neurotrophic factors that ensure the viability of the neuron and the functioning of the nervous system, as well as the identification of candidate genes encoding the processes underlying the development and course of the disease. An important regulator of brain dopamine neurons is ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), which not only protects neurons from damage but regulates their functions. The functional significance of endogenous CNTF and the polymorphism of its genes to regulate the dopaminergic system are still not well understood.
Materials and methods. Serum dopamine concentrations were determined by ELISA. Genotyping of the rs1800169 CNTF gene polymorphism was performed by real-time PCR.
Results. In VD patients, an increase in the serum concentration of dopamine and autoantibodies to dopaminergic receptors has been established, which may indicate to changes in the corresponding neuronal systems. The distribution of genotype carriers for the rs1800169 CNTF gene polymorphism in VD individuals was: GG – 72 (0.81); AG – 15 (0.17); AA – 2 (0.02), and alleles – A – 2 (0.02); G – 159 (0.89) and corresponded to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Positive correlation relationship between frequency of detection of mutant allele A and dopamine level was revealed. The relative risk of exposure of carriers of the AG genotype of the rs1800169 polymorphic locus of the CNTF gene to the group of VD patients and dopamine levels above the reference values is 5.7 times more common than GG carriers.
Limitations. The limitations of this work are due to small groups of employees.
Conclusion. The association of the rs1800169 polymorphic locus of the CNTF gene with the serum dopamine concentration in VD patients was revealed. Mutant allele A is associated with an elevation in endogenous dopamine levels. Defective secretion of intracellular CNTF in the central nervous system appears to lead to increased dopamine production.
Quality of life workers with hearing loss caused by exposure to industrial noise the of metalworking production
Authors: Spirin Vladimir F. , Novikova Tamara A. , Komleva Nataliia E. , Mazilov Svyatoslav I.
Published: August 2024

Introduction. Subjective assessment of the quality of life of workers exposed to occupational noise is an important aspect in the development of measures to prevent health problems in people with hearing impairment.
Materials and methods. A cross-sectional study of subjective assessment of the quality of life of two hundred twenty metalworking workers in “noise” occupations was carried out using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire.
Results. Metalworking workers employed in conditions of exposure to industrial noise have been shown to rate their quality of life (QoL) as increased in almost all areas, except for the “environment” area. There has been established a decrease in estimated indicators of QoL depending on age, especially pronounced for the sphere of “physical health”. The lowest values of quality of life indicators are typical for elderly people and people with hearing impairment.
Limitations. The studied indicators are subjective and may not reflect the actual health status of respondents.
Conclusion. Subjective assessment of the quality of life of metalworking workers with hearing impairment caused by noise exposure showed the need for additional QOL studies with ranking of the interviewed persons according to the intensity of hearing damage.
Hygienic assessment of dietary intake of saturated fatty acids and trans isomers of fatty acids
Authors: Korolev Aleksei A. , Lopukhova Irina V. , Nikitenko Elena I. , Denisova Elena L. , Kirpichenkova Ekaterina V. , Onishchenko Gennadiy G.
Published: August 2024

Introduction. An imbalance of the fat component of the diet is one of the most common violations of the population nutrition in developed countries, leading to the risk of occurring nutrition-dependent pathologies due to hyperlipidemia and dyslipoproteinemia. A special role in the formation of risk is played by an excess of medium-chain saturated fatty acids (SFA) and trans isomers of unsaturated fatty acids (TFA).
Materials and methods. Actual nutrition was studied by reproduction method with three times 24-hour recall. Based on the research results, the content of SFA and TFA was calculated, and their main sources were determined. Three hundred fourteen students of the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University took part in the study. Gender and age groups of respondents were analyzed separately.
Results. The intake of SFA at the level of normal physiological needs was registered in only 7.6% of students. At the same time, 80% of respondents had a significant excess of both total fat and SFA; an adequate level of TFA intake was noted in 80% of students, and a significant excess of this indicator was registered only in 13.3% of respondents. A significant quantitative increase in SFAs was noted with the additional inclusion of processed products in the diet, including those with hidden fat. Excessive consumption of TFA is associated with the inclusion of rich confectionery products containing hydrogenated fats in the diet.
Limitations. The study has age and regional restrictions: young 18–29 years people living in the Moscow region, as well as restrictions on the analyzed indicators: SFA and TFA supplied with the diet.
Conclusions. A significant risk of developing nutrition-dependent non-infectious diseases is observed in 52.9% of respondents with an SFA content in the diet of more than 150% of the norm, and the maximum risk is in 13.3% of students receiving a combined excess of SFA and TFA. The results of the study confirm the need to correct the diets of students in terms of the fat component.
Markers of allergy and immunoregulation in children under conditions of aerogenic exposure to aluminum
Authors: Dolgikh Oleg V. , Dianova Dina G. , Shirinkina Alisa S.
Published: August 2024

Introduction. The study of sensitization under conditions of aerogenic exposure to aluminum is relevant for preventing the formation of the risk of disorders of the immunological health in the child population.
Materials and methods. Preschool three hundred fifty three children living in Eastern Siberia were examined. Observation group included 199 children living in the zone exposed to emissions from non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises, comparison group – 154 children living in a “conditionally clean” area. In the observation area, the average daily dose of aerogenic exposure to aluminum was 0.292 ∙ 10–3 mg/(kg ∙ day), in the comparison area – 0.0376 ∙ 10–3mg/(kg ∙ day). The work used sanitary-hygienic, chemical-analytical, enzyme-linked immunosorbent and allergosorbent research methods.
Results. In children living under conditions of aluminum exposure, a twofold excess of aluminum content was identified in biological environments relative to the comparison group (p = 0.001), hyperproduction of IgG to aluminum, CD19+ and CD3+CD8+ lymphocytes (1.6 times), and NKT lymphocytes
(2 times) and CD11a+ lymphocytes 1.4 times (p=0.001) was noted, which reflects an imbalance of immunoregulation and the formation of autoallergy.
A significant relationship was established between hyperproduction of total IgE and IgG to aluminum (OR=2.29–5.98; 95% CI 1.76–9.52), (RR=1.93–2.66;
95% CI: 1.41–3.54)
Limitations of the study. Limited sample size.
Conclusion. As markers of allergy and imbalance of immunoregulation in children under conditions of aerogenic exposure to aluminum and with its increased content in biological media, it is necessary to recommend IgG to aluminum as a marker of sensitivity, as well as CD11a+, reflecting the likelihood of developing a risk of developing immunological disadaptation and autosensitization (OR = 2.29–5.98), (RR=1.93–2.66).
Trend in the age mortality structure during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kuznetsova Razina S. , Kudinova Galina E. , Rozenberg Anastasia G. , Lazareva Natalya V.
Published: August 2024

Introduction. The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by a novel SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infection, lasted just over three years. Its end was announced in early May 2023. According to official data, the pandemic claimed 6.9 million lives worldwide, but it is believed that at least 20 million people were victims. The first wave of the pandemic was caused by a virus that spread from China. The virus mainly kills representatives of older age groups of the population and is characterized by a high degree of mutagenicity, which contributes to the emergence of new strains of the virus. The most aggressive and established in the population new strains of the virus spread and gave rise to the second wave of the pandemic, which turned out to be the longest. The third wave was caused by the most aggressive strain, spreading from India, and caused the greatest number of deaths.
Aim of the study was to identify the extent to which changes in the virus itself affected the gender and age mortality structure during the three waves of the COVID-19 pandemic observed between 2020 and 2021.
Materials and methods. The method of single factor analysis of variance was applied. The study was based on the data of the Operational Headquarters under the Government of Samara region, which were published daily with the indication of gender, age, and cause of each death.
Results. The analysis confirmed the influence of the virus variability factor on the age mortality structure at the significance level of p<0.05. Comparison of the diagrams of the shares of the selected age segments in the mortality of men and women in each of the pandemic waves clearly showed how the gender and age mortality structure changed. The result of the analysis of variance showed that the changes occurring in the virus itself, although not as significant, affected the mortality pattern, with male mortality being more affected than female mortality.
Conclusion. The result of the analysis of variance showed changes occurring in the virus itself to have an impact on the mortality structure, and on male mortality to a greater extent than on female mortality.
IWC Database-Estimation and Software System
Authors: Burt M.L. , Strindberg S.
Published: August 2024

The International Whaling Commission’s (IWC) Database‐Estimation and Software System (DESS) was designed to standardise IWC line‐transect survey data storage and streamline abundance estimation, including abundance estimation by small management area to inform decision making. Not only was DESS designed to accommodate all International Decade of Cetacean Research (IDCR) and Southern Ocean Whale and Ecosystem Research (SOWER) surveys, but also national surveys, such as the Japanese surveys in the Antarctic and North Pacific, and multi‐national surveys conducted in the North Atlantic. The standard software for estimating abundance was program Distance, which could estimate abundance in designed survey blocks, however, management procedures required estimation not just in survey blocks but also in smaller regions that could be defined by the user. This added a spatial component to data selection which led to the inclusion of a geographical information system (GIS). This paper describes the data stored in DESS and the features available for data retrieval and analysis.
Anomalías en la coloración de piel y pelo de Dicotyles tajacu (Artiodactyla: Tayassuidae) y Dasyprocta fuliginosa (Rodentia: Dasyproctidae) en la Amazonía ecuatoriana
Authors: Urgilés Carlos , Payaguaje Limber , Biaguaje Aníbal , Payaguaje Hurlem , Esbach Michael
Published: August 2024

Este estudio destaca la importancia de la coloración en la piel y el pelaje de la fauna silvestre. Además, se resalta la percepción cultural de las comunidades indígenas locales respecto a estos ejemplares de coloración inusual, sujetos a tabúes de caza y consumo. Usado cámaras trampa, se documentaron los primeros registros de anomalías en la coloración del pelaje en el pecarí de collar y el tercero para el agutí negro, en la Amazonía ecuatoriana, específicamente en los territorios indígenas Siona y Siekopai, en la provincia de Sucumbíos. Este reporte contribuye a la comprensión de la distribución de anomalías cromáticas en el Neotrópico, además de enriquecer el conocimiento ecológico y cultural de las comunidades indígenas sobre la fauna.
Nicotine-derived nitrosamines promote renal cell carcinoma cell migration via binding to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
Authors: Yang Chen-En , Cheng Chao-Wen
Published: August 2024

Several risk factors such as smoking, obesity, diabetes, and hypertension are related to the incidence of kidney cancer. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) originates from the renal tubular epithelium and is the major form of kidney cancer. Notably, the relative risk of RCC in smokers compared to non-smokers is 1.38 while revealing a dose-dependent risk reduction in smoking cessation. Carcinogenic substances in tobacco, specifically nicotine-derived nitrosamines like 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and N'-nitrosonornicotine (NNN), were known to induce the formation of DNA adducts, mutating genes that potentially initiate cancers. In addition to carcinogenesis, nicotine-derived nitrosamines may also contribute to modify the malignant features, which accelerates the cancer progression. This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of NNK in the modulation RCC cell proliferation and motility, besides, the possible underlying mechanisms were also studied. Our findings showed differential expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) mRNA subunits between normal human renal tubular cell (HK-2) and RCC cells (Achn), suggesting that RCC cells may have the ability in respond to the stimuli of NNK. While NNK didn't significantly show an influence in RCC cell viability, it enhanced cell motility and migration ability. Utilizing specific inhibitors, it was inferred that NNK stimulates RCC cell migration via nAChR activation and subsequent calcium channel opening. Our research underscores the necessity of smoking cessation in RCC management, even as further studies on diverse RCC cell lines and real-world data are required.
Automated Cardiovascular Disease Diagnosis from X-ray Images using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Kim Yeju , Torres Lindy
Published: August 2024

Problem
Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, and its early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment and patient care. Medical imaging, particularly X-ray imaging, plays a crucial role in the detection and assessment of cardiovascular abnormalities. In recent years, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have emerged as a powerful tool in medical image analysis, demonstrating promising results in various diagnostic tasks. 
Proposed Approach
This research paper investigates the application of CNNs for the automated diagnosis of CVD from X-ray images. The CVD diagnosis framework proposed in this study consists of three key modules. The first module is an X-ray feature extractor built using a state-of-the-art CNN architecture. The second module is an age prediction component, which accurately estimates the age of the patients from the X-ray images. Finally, the third module is the CVD classifier, which categorizes the input X-ray images into four predefined severity categories of Cardiovascular Disease. 
Result
Through extensive experiments, the proposed method has demonstrated its capability to offer novel insights into the potential use of X-ray images for predicting systemic biomarkers in the diagnosis of CVD. I expect that the proposed CVD diagnosis method can provide a significant advancement in the field of cardiovascular healthcare by offering an accurate, efficient, and automated solution for early detection of CVD.
Enhancing Drug-Drug Interaction Prediction with Auxiliary Drug Similarity Estimation using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Hwang Taehyeon , McCook Elizabeth
Published: August 2024

In the last few years, a rapid development of artificial intelligence has revealed its possible applications in many tasks. One of those areas where artificial intelligence showed great promise was predicting drug-drug interactions, which had an enormous amount of data to be interpreted through. Drug-drug interactions are caused by interactions between drugs; it can decrease the effectiveness, lead to serious emergencies of the patient, or have synergies that increase the effectiveness of both. The previous knowledge-based drug-drug interaction prediction methods were costly and time consuming. Thus, a model that can predict these interactions is highly demanded for patients’ safety, furthermore, providing insights to scientists in medical fields. In this research, I propose a similarity aware drug-drug interaction predicting model. The proposed method consists of three modules: a drug feature extractor, a drug similarity estimator, and a drug-drug interaction predictor. The trained network is designed to be drug similarity-aware, which leads to significantly improved accuracy compared to the naive models. By incorporating drug similarity information, the model can provide more precise and reliable predictions for drug-drug interactions. The experimental result of the proposed deep-learning model achieved state-of-the-art performance compared to other previous methods.
Design of Community Inspection Robot System
Authors: Cheng Baojing , Feng Hao , You Ning
Published: August 2024

With the continuous development of the global economy, urban centers have experienced a consistent increase in size. Consequently, the number of schools, parks and residential communities within cities are also on the rise.   The increasing quantity of various types of communities has juxtaposed a notable dilemma: a shortage of security and maintenance personnel. In order to address this issue, employing robotic automated inspection within these communities, coupled with autonomous navigation, obstacle avoidance, and AI recognition technology, is proposed. This project aims to alleviate the burden on human staff, improve recognition accuracy, and enhance the overall efficiency of operation and maintenance. This paper analyzes the operational needs of these communities, presents a design concept for a community inspection robot system, and discusses issues that require further research in the future.
Denoising AutoEncoder-based Representation Learning for Multi-Task Whole Slide Image Analysis
Authors: Lee Jooha , Lah Sherrie
Published: August 2024

Along with the advancement of artificial intelligence, there have been significant improvements in the field of whole slide images (WSI). WSI in machine learning is mainly utilized for pathological analysis, consisting of diverse tasks such as classification of normal versus tumor patches, segmentation of precise areas of potential tumor, or object detection indicating tumor sites. However, training these distinct models for each individual task is both time intensive and inefficient. Therefore, there is a high demand for developing a unified learning algorithm capable of concurrently handling multiple WSI tasks. To address the aforementioned problem, a representation learning based transfer learning method is proposed to process multiple downstream tasks including classification, segmentation, and object detection. Synthesizing two stages, the proposed method utilizes the reconstruction of images from representation learning and pretrained parameters from transfer learning method to create a more accurate and time-efficient model for analyzing WSI. Overall, the proposed method offers a better representation of WSI, which leads to enhanced accuracy in analysis and interpretation. Through extensive experiments, I have found that the proposed method outperforms previous state-of-the-art networks in various downstream tasks including classification, segmentation, and object detection. I expect the proposed method to be applied in real world scenarios with increased practicality and accuracy.
Has Japan Failed? Examining the role of the BOJ in post-crisis Japan
Authors: Sherpuri Arnav
Published: August 2024

Abstract:
Over the last 3 decades, Japan has suffered from persistent economic malaise which are without precedent in economic history, and as interesting as the circumstances leading to the demise of Japan as a major economic power are, they are but secondary to the mystery of the constant failure of measures to alleviate the situation. The question that this paper will attempt to answer, with the aid of advanced econometric tools is why the expansionary monetary policy measures taken by the Bank of Japan genuinely failed to stimulate the Japanese economy? The hypothesis I would like to outline is that the Bank of Japan DID fail to ameliorate the economic situation in Japan, due to several shortcomings such as a constant misunderstanding of the economic climate, the sudden drop in effective demand due to the emergence of Asian competitors, and the flawed policy of continually supporting insolvent banks.
Fault Detection in Electrical Grids: Harnessing Machine Learning for Enhanced Reliability
Authors: Jiang William , Renaud Alfred , Goldzstein Guillermo
Published: August 2024

This study focuses on enhancing the reliability and redundancy of electrical systems through machine learning-based fault detection. This project’s objective is to create an inexpensive system for early detection of faults in electrical systems. This study proposed a methodology combining machine learning techniques and feature engineering. A dataset containing 12,001 sensor readings each consisting of six values was examined and analyzed by machine-learning techniques. Results showed the system's success in detecting faults with an accuracy of 99% from only six readings.  In economically underserved regions, a common trend is the presence of less sophisticated electrical infrastructures. These systems translate into more frequent and longer power outages, a serious concern when essential institutions like hospitals rely on them to function. This research contributes to the field of fault detection by offering a practical and effective way to improve fault detection in underserved regions.
Visual Attraction of K-Pop: A Correlational Study on Visual Aspects of K-Pop Music Videos
Authors: Cafirma Ronelaire
Published: August 2024

Korean Pop is a music genre that is exponentially growing in popularity worldwide and is known for complex visuals in their music videos and performances. This study aims to determine which visual appeal aspect in 4th generation K-Pop music videos makes the video visually appealing that contributes to the most attractive concept to viewers aged 12-18 in the United States. There was minimal research conducted on the topic of visual appeal aspects in K-Pop, but past research expressed that visuals are a crucial factor to K-Pop, identifying gender roles in K-Pop groups and visually expressing messages to appeal to various norms and beliefs. Focusing on the visual appeal aspects in K-Pop closes a research gap while expanding curiosities about K-Pop visuals and its influences on the audience. This research may aid in improving marketing strategies for K-Pop songs, creating visual appeal that best attracts the audience and increasing viewer engagement towards music videos. This correlational research utilized three surveys for the three 4th generation K-Pop music videos, concluding that set design was the most visually attractive aspect of K-Pop music videos and that chaebol crush was the most visually appealing K-Pop concept currently. The findings of this research will help the music industry in the United States develop music videos that are as visually appealing as K-Pop music videos, creating maximum visual appeal for the audience.
Exploring the Technology Needed to Build Electric Passenger Planes
Authors: Zhang Hans , Harris Joy
Published: August 2024

Environmental scientists have found that airplanes account for 2.6% of all global CO2 emissions. Hence, in order to reduce CO2 emissions, it would be helpful to build electric-powered passenger planes for air travel. Therefore, electric passenger planes are the focus of this research. Our methodology included reviewing, analyzing, and summarizing primary sources from peer-reviewed journals and conference publications. We examine and discuss the small-scale electric planes that can currently fly short distances along with the challenges of flying large-scale electric passenger planes for long distances.
Consumer Preferences for Food Logos
Authors: Huang Yuheng
Published: August 2024

Consumer preference for food logos is a major area of research in the field of marketing psychology. In this study, we further explore consumer preferences for food logos across four elements--color red vs. green, complementary vs. analogous, words vs. no words, and circular vs. angular edges. Participants were given a survey of 30 questions to evaluate eight sets of logos. The results of this study suggest that logos with red as their primary color are preferred over logos where green is predominant, while logos with brand names are preferred over logos without.