bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determinants and Impact of Youth Involvement in Agricultural Sector: Evidence from Young Farmers Beneficiaries of PEA-Youth and PCP AFOP Public Programs Living in Central and Littoral Regions of Cameroon
Authors: Tchokonthe Frank Audrey , Mimche Honore
Published: March 2023

Purpose: Agriculture continue to be an important sector for African countries’ development and for Cameroon development in particular. This study aimed at investigating determinants of youths’ involvement in agriculture and their impact on agriculture income for different entry mode.

Methodology: The study used both qualitative and quantitative data from young farmers’ beneficiaries of PEA-Youth and PCP AFOP public programs living in Central and Coastal Regions in Cameroon.

Findings: The study found out that age, number of dependent children, matrimonial status, presence of parents in agriculture, education, distance between farm and market,  migrate from urban to rural before and the presence of public program for integration in agriculture are keys determinants of the different involvement ways in agriculture in Cameroon. Besides, qualitative analysis shows that farmers declare more pull or positive factors that have led them to entry into agriculture and amongst these factors the reasons such as profitability and autonomy of food security for the family are the most common.

Conclusion: It is more profitable for farmers to adopt agriculture by integration as first work or by mobility, rather than by diversification.

Recommendation: Public programs should promote agriculture by integration as first work or by mobility and target that kind of profile during the selection process of youth.
IMPROVING THE ABILITY OF DISTRICTS IN UGANDA TO MONITOR THEIR HIV PROGRAMS
Authors: LINDAN CHRISTINA , SEBULIBA ISAAC , BARYAMUTUMA ROSE , KYOMUGISHA CHARITY , MUHUMUZA SIMON , BAZEYO WILLIAM , AKELLO EVELYN
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Although district health teams (DHT) in Uganda are supposed to monitor and support facilities to ensure quality HIV data collection, reporting and use, they are often ill-equipped to do so. We implemented a program designed to build the capacity of districts to manage and use their own HIV-related program data and to assist facilities to collect and evaluate their own data.

METHODS

We conducted a baseline assessment of the monitoring and evaluation (M&E) capacity of 38 districts. In the 10 worst-performing districts, we identified and trained district-level staff to become M&E mentors who in turn trained and supervised facility-level staff. We collected information on action plans developed by facilities to address major issues of concern. Following the intervention, we reassessed M&E capacity of the 10 targeted districts.

RESULTS

Among the 38 districts assessed, one-half did not have a biostatistician, less than one-quarter had staff trained in the basics of M&E or data analysis, and less than one-quarter had an M&E plan. The main concerns of facilities included lack of updated data collection tools, lack of supervision, inaccurate data recording, and limited ability to analyze and use data. In the 10 targeted districts, comparison before and after the intervention showed that the number of districts with trained M&E staff increased (4 to 9), the number of M&E plans increased (3 to 6), and the number using data for programming increased (4 to 8). Implementation of action plans by facilities successfully addressed many issues and led to improved programming.

CONCLUSION

Challenges of district M&E in Uganda mainly result from a lack of skilled human resources. On-the-job training and direct involvement of district staff to provide support to facilities can lead to improvements in data quality and use.
Exploring the acceptability of self-screening for hypertension in private drug shops:
Authors: KEZAKUBI DOTTO , JUMA ADINAN , MICHAEL DENNA , TODD3 JIM , REYBURN HUGH , RENJU JENNY
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

In sub-Saharan Africa, the estimated burden of hypertension is increasing. Innovative strategies are neededto ensure that people can regularly check their blood pressure. This qualitative study aimed to understandparticipants’ knowledge of hypertension, explore the acceptability of self-screening blood pressure testing atprivate drug shops, and understand motivations and barriers for attending referral services after a high bloodpressure reading.

METHODS

The study took place between October 2013 and January 2014 in Mwanza region, Tanzania. In-depthinterviews were conducted with eight service providers and 14 service users. Two focus group discussionswere conducted with 24 community members.

RESULTS

Private drug shop attendants liked the opportunity to offer blood pressure testing, and their clientsappreciated the self-testing of their blood pressure. Some service users, whose screening suggested a raisedblood pressure, attended health facilities for further follow-up, driven by their expectations of good services,health concerns and a desire for treatment. Conversely, a perceived lack of severity of the condition werebarriers to attendance at the health facility, along with the long waiting times and drug stock-outs experiencedat the facilities.

CONCLUSION

Private drug shops provide an opportunity to acts as a gateway for more people to assess their health.However, self-screening alone cannot ensure those in need of treatment receive it. A broader structuralintervention is required to remove the barriers preventing people from attending health services and receivingadequate medical care.
Determinants of provider-initiated HIV testing and counselling uptake at Jaramogi Oginga Odinga Teaching and Referral Hospital, Kisumu, Kenya
Authors: KAMBAGA EDWIN MICHIRA , HUMWA FELIX
Published: March 2023

INTRODUCTION

The HIV/AIDS burden persists in sub-Saharan Africa despite preventive efforts. In Kenya, the HIV prevalence in Kisumu county (19.9%) is triple the national rate (5.9%). Provider-initiated testing and counselling (PITC) is among the best strategies for HIV prevention. The model entails HIV testing of individuals presenting themselves to health facilities for routine medical services. Though introduced in most healthcare facilities in Kenya, the uptake of PITC and determinants of uptake have not been established. The main objective of this study was to establish the determinants of PITC uptake by patients seeking healthcare services at the Jaramogi Oginga Teaching and Referral Hospital.

METHODS

This was a cross-sectional study involving a systematic random sample of patients seeking services at the hospital.

RESULTS

Of 291 participants, 53% were females and 70% were aged between 18 and 35 years. Participants aged 36-45 years were less likely to accept PITC services than those aged 18-25 years (unadjusted odds ratio (uOR)=0.28, 95% CI [0.14-0.59]). Employment (uOR=1.81, 95% CI [1.09-3.01]) and having a friendly relationship with the provider (uOR=3.35, 95% CI [1.41-7.92]) were significantly associated with PITC uptake. Patients who reported having a friendly relationship with the staff were more likely to report PITC uptake (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 4.75, 95% CI [1.58-14.31]).

CONCLUSION

Interventions should encourage facilities to improve staff-patient relationships to increase uptake of PITC services.
Closing the gap:
Authors: KATURAMU RICHARD , LAW JEANNA WALLENTA , SEMITALA FRED C , AMANYIRE GIDEON , KAMPIIRE LEATITIA , NAMUSOBYA ENNIFER , KAMYA1 MOSES R. , HAVLIR DIANE , GLIDDEN DAVID V. , GENG ELVIN
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Interventions to improve performance of global programs in the HIV cascade of care are widespread and increasing the focus of implementation science. At present, however, there is no clear consensus on how to conceptualize their improvement at the program level. The commonly used measures of association, based on ratios of probabilities (or odds), have well-known defects in public health applications. They yield large effect sizes even when the absolute effects, and therefore the public health impact, are small. On the other hand, risk differences create problems because settings with higher baseline values are penalized. We aim to examine ways of quantifying improvement in each health center of a cluster-randomized trial in Uganda to accelerate antiretroviral therapy initiation among HIV-infected adults.

METHODS

We formalize the concept of the ‘improvement index,’ defined as the fraction of gaps closed as a metric of improvement, and suggest that it has unique features and strengths when compared to risk ratios and risk differences.

RESULTS

Overall agreement between the different indices was not high, especially among health centers that were among the top 5 or 10. However, all ranking showed broad similarities at the far ends of the spectrum. On scatter plots, there was a positive linear relationship between the metrics, and the Bland Altman (B-A) plots were in agreement.

CONCLUSION

The improvement index can be used as an alternative measure of association in implementation science interventions. It can be useful for public health purposes as it demonstrates how much can be covered from the baseline.
Prevalence and factors associated with khat use among minibus workers in northern Tanzania
Authors: MBOYA INNOCENT B. , JOHN BEATRICE , CLEMENT JULIUS , MBONEA FADHILI , MOSHA NEEMA R.
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Khat use is a growing public health concern. Chewed for its stimulant effect, khat can have serious negative social, economic, psychological and health consequences. Little is known about the epidemiology of khat use in Tanzania. This study aimed to determine prevalence and factors associated with khat use among minibus workers in Moshi Municipality, northern Tanzania.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 254 minibus workers between May and July 2015 in Moshi Municipality, Kilimanjaro region, northern Tanzania. Respondents were sampled from commuter bus stations and interviewed. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine factors associated with khat use.

RESULTS

Prevalence of khat use among minibus workers in Moshi Municipality was found to be 46.5%. Age (OR= 4.68, 95% CI 1.47-14.92), hazardous alcohol use (OR=3.39, 95% CI 1.09-10.53), current cigarette smoking (OR=10.41, 95% CI 2.99-36.26) and having multiple sexual partners (OR=1.92, 95% CI 1.04-3.53) were factors associated with khat use.

CONCLUSION

Nearly half of minibus workers used khat. Age, hazardous alcohol use, cigarette smoking and having multiple sexual partners were associated with khat use. These findings call for awareness creation about health and social consequences of khat use in line with other risk behaviors like alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking, especially when linked with public transportation services.
Provider-initiated testing and counselling reaches persons who may not otherwise test for HIV in Zanzibar, 2010-2011
Authors: Ali Tatu B. , Amour Tuwera A. , Omar Safia  A.
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

In 2007 Zanzibar included provider-initiated testing and counselling (PITC) in their HIV testing and counselling programme to diagnose new infections earlier and to increase access to persons who would not otherwise get tested. Our objective was to assess the uptake of PITC and the proportion of HIV-positive tests through PITC in Zanzibar.

Methods:

Our team examined 2010-2011 programmatic data to assess how many people were tested through PITC compared to other testing approaches. We also compared the rates of HIV positivity through PITC and non-PITC programmes to assess the relative yield of case detection.

Results:

From 2010 to 2011, 6.1% of tests were recorded as PITC. PITC served relatively more females (7.6%), persons aged under 15 (24.8%) and over 35 (9.1%), and widowed (12.2%) and married (8.4%) persons, and reached relatively more persons on Pemba Island (12.2%) compared to Unguja Island (5.0%). The rate of HIV seropositivity for PITC testers was 4.1%, nearly twice the rate of non-PITC testers (2.1%, p-value<0.05). The percentage of HIV-positive tests was significantly higher for PITC compared to non-PITC for all categories of testers except clients aged 15 to 24 years compared to other age groups (1.5% vs. 1.0%, p=0.224) and clients who were widowed compared to other marital statuses (4.9% vs. 5.8%, p=0.106). Conclusion:

Despite challenges, PITC reaches persons who may not otherwise test for HIV. PITC may remove barriers to HIV testing for some populations and therefore result in earlier diagnosis of HIV.
Promoting a culture of data use for evidence-based decisions in HIV programming:
Authors: TIBERIO JENNY , SAID CHRISTEN , NDAYONGEJE JOEL , KIVENULE DELFINUS , KOMBA TEOPISTA , WELTY SUSIE
Published: March 2023

INTRODUCTION

Background: Quality data is critical for public health decision-making; however, adequate, high-quality data required to answer public health questions is not always available, particularly at sub-national levels. Triangulation is the practice of arraying different types of existing data from diverse sources to answer public health questions.The Tanzanian Triangulation Project was implemented to enhance understanding of the HIV epidemic at sub-national levels and promote a culture of data use among providers.

Methods:We conducted triangulation workshops with regional-, district-, and facility-level HIV/AIDS service providers. Workshops included building capacity in MS Excel, DHIS2, and mapping software to produce visual data displays; support in carrying out the triangulation process; and the development of regional HIV triangulation reports to assess and address challenges affecting service provision.Results:Twenty-one workshops were completed covering 24 regions of Tanzania (mainland and Zanzibar) from 2009-2016. Participants were enthusiastic about seeing their data displayed visually in tables, charts and maps, often for the first time. Every workshop had data quality challenges and resulted in recommendations to improve data quality. Most (83%) participants reported learning new Excel skills, and among those, 86%reported using these skills after the workshop. Decision-makers at regional and district levels reported using their triangulation reports for strategic planning and decision-making.

Conclusion: Triangulation is an effective means of using existing data when exhaustive data is not available to understand the HIV epidemic at sub-national levels. While more work is needed, triangulation promotes a culture of data use for evidence-based decisions in the HIV response in Tanzania.
Microfinance and health services:
Authors: KESSY JOACKIM P , STRAY-PEDERSEN BABILL , MSUYA SIA E. , MUSHI DECLARE L. , GRETE BOTTEN
Published: March 2023

INTRODUCTION

Village Community Banks (VICOBA) is a grassroots group-based microfinance model designed to support viable income-generating activities for the poor, especially women excluded from the formal sector. Integration of microcredit programs with health services is reported to have improved health and social outcomes in other contexts. This study aims to understand the experiences of women involved in VICOBA programs in the Moshi District of Tanzania and to explore their views regarding the potential for integration of VICOBA

with health services, including health education.

METHODS

We conducted detailed interviews with 16 women involved in VICOBA to explore their views on the VICOBA model, including potential for integration with health services.

RESULTS

Women reported increased savings and more support for their children’s education as a result of their involvement in the VICOBA program. With increased income, these women and their family members had better access to health care and improved housing and sanitation. In addition, the women felt empowered due to greater decision-making power and increased networking opportunities, including the sharing of information related to business practices and social welfare. They agreed the VICOBA program provides a unique opportunity to integrate microcredit with health education programs, which can lead to behavioral changes in health practices, promote uptake of preventive interventions and facilitate timely access to curative services among clients.

CONCLUSION

VICOBA improves the welfare of its clients and has the potential to be used as a platform for providing health-related services to members from hard-to-reach communities.
Ocular Symptoms and Associated Factors among Hairdressers in Kinondoni Municipality, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: BALDWINA TITA OLIRK , JONATHAN MREMA EZRA , MAMUYA SIMON
Published: March 2023

INTRODUCTION

Hairdressers are exposed to chemicals from hair products such as hair dyes, glues, sprays, and relaxants, which increase risks for ocular diseases. There are limited studies assessing ocular diseases among hairdressers in Tanzania. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of ocular symptoms and associated factors among hairdressers in Kinondoni Municipality, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

METHODS

This study employed an analytical cross-sectional study design. Data were collected from 300 hairdressers from 157 salons selected from ten wards of Kawe and Magomeni divisions of Kinondoni Municipality. Data on participants’ sociodemographic characteristics, years of work experience, occupational activities, use of protective equipment, hazard awareness, training on chemicals use, types of hair products used, and self-reported ocular symptoms were gathered by using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, partial correlation and logistic regression were performed to understand the prevalence of ocular symptoms and association with other study variables.

RESULTS

The study enrolled a total of 300 participants who were primarily female (92%). The mean age (±SD) of the participants was 28 (±7) years. The prevalence of ocular symptom was 78.7%. The most prevalent symptoms reported were headache (68.7%) and itching (60.0%). There was a statistically significant association between years of work experience (r = 0.314, p < 0.0001), lack of training on chemical use [AOR = 0.0203 (0.01 - 0.054)], lack of hazard awareness [AOR = 0.05 (0.02 - 0.094)] and ocular symptoms. 

CONCLUSION

Prevalence of ocular symptoms was high among the study participants. The variables associated with ocular symptoms were lack of training on chemical use, inadequate hazard awareness and years of work experience. The Occupational Health and Safety Authority (OSHA) of Tanzania should facilitate and conduct health promotion to hairdressers on protective measures and frequent breaks to reduce chemical exposure.
Trend and predictors for early infant diagnosis by PCR among HIV-exposed infants in Dar es Salaam region, Tanzania, 2014-2016
Authors: MBOYA MICHAEL F. , NJAU PROSPER , TODD JIM , LERAYO BEATRICE JOHN , LYATUU GOODLUCK WILEY , MACHUMI LAMECK , MSUYA SIA E. , MAHANDE MICHAEL J. , RENJU JENNY
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Early infant diagnosis (EID) of HIV and timely initiation of antiretroviral therapy reduces morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected infants and children. Although the WHO had a global target for 2018 that 90% of HIV-exposed infants (HEI) should be tested by the age of 8 weeks, by 2015 only half were being tested. This study describes trends and predictors for HIV first testing in HEI in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, from 2014 to 2016.

 METHODS

We conducted a cross-sectional study of HEI attending HIV services using secondary data collected at health facilities and collated at the national level. We estimated odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for factors affecting uptake of HIV testing.

 RESULTS

Of 12,117 HEI, the proportion tested for HIV by age 8 weeks increased from 53.2% in 2014 to 69.2% in 2016; 2.3% were HIV-positive. Replacement feeding (aOR=2.94, 95% CI 2.31 – 3.74) and receiving nevirapine prophylaxis (aOR=1.55, 95% CI 1.28-1.88) were predictors for EID testing uptake. HEI born to mothers with WHO stage II (aOR=0.53, 95% CI 0.41 – 0.67), stage III (aOR=0.64, 95% CI; 0.52 – 0.79) and stage IV (aOR=0.58, 95% CI 0.34 – 0.99) were less likely to be tested than those born to mothers with WHO stage I disease progression.

 CONCLUSION

There was an increasing trend in the uptake of HIV testing of infants at age 8 weeks during the study period. However, it is still below the global target. Efforts to promote EID testing are still needed.
Factors Associated with Willingness to Pay for Social Health Insurance among Government Employees in Tigrai Region, Northern Ethiopia
Authors: GESSESSE ATAKLTI T. , BERHE ABERA A. , TILAHUN MULUGETA G. , TEKLEMARIAM TESFAY W.
Published: March 2023

INTRODUCTIONDeveloping countries seldom use social health insurance (SHI), and their healthcare finances mostly rely on general revenues and direct out-of-pocket payments. This study investigated the level and factors associated with willingness to pay for SHI among government employees in Tigrai region, North Ethiopia.

METHODSAn institution-based quantitative cross-sectional study was carried out from June to July 2018 among government employees in Tigrai, Ethiopia. Sample size was determined using single population proportion formula, and multi-stage cluster sampling was used to select the study participants. Data collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire was analyzed using SPSSVersion 20.

RESULTSThere were 544 (64.5%) respondents who were not willing to pay for SHI. Respondents age older than 39 years were 2.2 times more likely to be willing to pay for SHI, as were those who disagreed with the binding rule of referral system (1.4 times), and with exclusion of periodic medical checkup from the SHI (1.4 times), those who didn’t consider health service quality to be poor (1.6 times), and those who disagreed with the presence of financial insecurity in health institutions (1.7 times).

CONCLUSIONThis study revealed that government employees’ willingness to pay for SHI was low. SHI agencies should publicize the proclamation for SHI and induce employees with SHI referral system, services excluded, and health facilities’ readiness and service quality to increase willingness to pay. In addition, the government should reconsider the implementation of the proclamation for SHI accordingly.
Use of Data in Health Planning Process:
Authors: Anasel Mackfallen , SWAI IDDA LYATONGA
Published: March 2023

Introduction

In Tanzania, the provision of primary health care services is vested to Local Government Authorities. Council Health Management Teams prepare Comprehensive Council Health Plans to guide the provision of health services within the authorities. The purpose of this study was to describe the process of preparing CCHPs, including the data sources used.

Methods

Three focus group discussions were conducted with 15 CHMT members. Participants were selected using convenience sampling. Thematic analysis was conducted after discussions that were translated into English and transcribed.

Results

The focal person and coordinators for the Health Management Information System were cited as the main sources of data for planning. District Health Information System (DHIS2) was the main source of data used in planning although there were some indicators reported, which were far from reality, and therefore, considered unreliable.

Conclusion

CHMT members should be trained in the basic analysis, and use of DHIS2 data. This would improve their data analysis, and use skills since are imperative to developing a culture of data use in planning.
BENDERLİ CESÂRÎ DİVANI’NDAKİ ŞEHİR ŞİİRLERİ
Authors: FARAŞOĞLU Yılmaz
Published: March 2023

Her şair içinde yaşadığı ortamın kültüründen etkilenir. Geniş bir coğrafyaya yayılan, içinde pek çok kültür barındıran Osmanlı Devleti’nin aydın kesimini oluşturan divan şairleri de çevrelerine duyarsız kalmamış şiirlerinde bu unsura doğrudan veya dolaylı yer vermiştir. Klâsik şairlerin coğrafyayla ilişkisi farklı türlerde metinlerin ortaya çıkmasını sağlamış, coğrafya dekoratif bir öğe olarak kullanımı yanında gerçek yönüyle de metinlerde yer almıştır.

Edebî eserler belli bir tarih ve coğrafya içinde oluşur. Bu sebeple edebiyatı iyi anlamanın bir yolu da coğrafyayı iyi tanımaktan geçer. İnsan hayatının bir parçası olan coğrafya edebî eserlere mekân ve içerik sağlar. Şairin hayatını şekillendiren temel etkenlerden olan coğrafya onun hayatında önemli bir yere ve etkiye sahiptir. Edebî eserler bize şairin içinde yaşadığı coğrafya, toplumun örf, adet ve gelenekleri, sanat anlayışı ve döneminin bazı olayları hakkında da önemli ipuçları sunar.

Divan şairleri doğdukları, bulundukları veya bir müddet yaşadıkları yerler, kasaba ve şehirler hakkında onları övücü tarzda şiirler kaleme almışlardır. Klâsik Türk Edebiyatı’nda bir şehri veya yerleşim yerini konu edinen bu şiirler edebî eser olmanın yanında o şehrin tarih ve kültürüne de kaynaklık eder. Bu eserlerde genellikle söz konusu şehir, tabiat güzelliklerinden mimarî eserlerine, güzellerinden meşhur kişilerine kadar birçok yönüyle methedilir. Ancak şehir konulu eserler içinde az da olsa mersiye ve hicivler de bulunmaktadır.

Bu makalede şehir kavramı ve şiirle olan ilişkisi hakkında kısa bilgi verildikten sonra divan şiirinde bir gelenek haline gelen şehir şiirlerine değinilecektir. Daha sonra şiirlerinde gerçek coğrafyayı işleyen 19. Yüzyılın Rumelili şairlerinden Benderli Cesârî tanıtılıp divanında şehirler için yazdığı 11 şiir yorumlanarak şairin şehir algısı anlamlandırılmaya çalışılacaktır.
“BİZİM YUNUS”UN ŞİİRLERİ HAKKINDA GENEL DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: YILDIRIM Yusuf
Published: March 2023

Tasavvufî şiirleriyle asırlarca Anadolu insanının ruh ve düşünce dünyasına seslenen Yunus Emre, yaşadığı asırdan ve muhitten konuşan ama sözleriyle hala bu tazeliği koruyan ender Türk sûfilerinden biridir. Fikirlerini şiirin imkânlarından yararlanarak iletmesi açısından tasavvufi düşünce tarihindeki konumu kadar edebiyat tarihi yönüyle de önemli bir değerdir. İnandığı değerler ve peşinde olduğu hakikat Türk şiirinin en berrak ve duru haliyle fakat güçlü birer deyiş olarak halkın ruhunda asırlarca yankılandı. O kadar sevildi ki şiirleri Anadolu’nun en ücra köşelerinde elden ele gezdi, sevilen her şiir ona mal edilir oldu. Birçok şiiri bestelenerek tekkelerde ve mahfillerde dinî duyguları besleyen önemli bir enstrüman haline dönüştü. Ne var ki onun tarihi şahsiyeti hakkında bilinenler oldukça sınırlıdır. Bu bilinenlerin çoğu da “Bizim Yunus”u masalların ardındaki solgun bir görüntüye dönüştüren çelişkili detaylardan ibarettir. Bu yüzden hayatı hakkında verilen her bilgi tarihte yaşamış “ete kemiğe bürünen” Yunus Emre’den çok zihinlerde inşa edilmiş birer Yunus imajıdır.

Yunus Emre’nin karanlıkta kalan tarihi şahsiyeti gibi bugün mevcut şiirlerin ona aidiyeti meselesi de oldukça sorunludur. Sözlü kültür içinde dilden dile dolaşan ve sonraki nesle aktarılan Yunus Emre şiirlerine Yunus mahlaslı başka şairlerin manzumelerinin karıştığı bilinmektedir.

Bu makalede Yunus Emre’ye isnat edilen şiirlerin muhtevaları göz önünde bulundurularak genel bir değerlendirme yapılacaktır. Bunu da neşredilen Yunus Emre divanları ve şiirlerin ona aidiyetine dair verilen bilgiler esas alınacaktır.
Budidaya Udang Vaname dengan Media Tambak di Pasantern Darussalam Guntur Batubara
Authors: Elazhari Elazhari , Lubis Reza Hanafi , Chairina Chairina , Candrasa Limega , Hutagaol Jarungjung , Zulfida Ida
Published: March 2023

Tujuan kegiatan PKM ini yaitu untuk memberikan edukasi cara budidaya udang vaname dari awal hingga panen dan memberikan pengetahuan kepada kahalayak umum yang ingin membudidayakan udang vaname ini.Kegiatan PKM ini dilaksanakan di Pasantren Darussalam Guntur Batubara. Adapaun hasil kegiatan ini berupa edukasi budi saya udang vaname yaitu bahwa budidaya udang vaname relatif mudah dan dengan resiko gagal panen yang kecil tentunya dengan mengikuti tahapan pelakasanaan budidaya yang benar. Keunggulan udang vaname ini yaitu 1) Laju pertumbuhan udang bisa mencapai 1-1,5 gram/ minggu; 2) Bisa dibudidayakan dengan kepadatan penebaran tinggi (80-500 ekor/m²); 3) Kebutuhan pakan protein lebih rendah 20-30 persen dibanding jenis udang lainnya; 4) Memiliki FCR (Feed Conversion Ratio) yang lebih rendah; 5) Ukuran udang saat panen seragam; 6) Jumlah udang yang under size saat panen cenderung sedikit. Budidaya udang vaname yang dilakukan dipasantren Darussalam ini sudah berlangsung 2 tahun terakhir sejak 2020 dan telah menghasilkan lebih kurang 1 ton dalam satu tahun. Dengan resiko gagal panen selama du atahun teakhir tidak ada.Kata Kunci : Budidaya; Udang Vaname; Media Tambak.
Sosialisasi Strategi Peran Guru Dalam Menciptakan Disiplin dan Berakhlak Mulia bagi Siswa di Pasantren Darussalam Guntur Batubara
Authors: Silalahi Alistraja Dison , Tampubolon Manner , Sibuea Nurhalimah , Cen Cia Cai , Yanti Novi , Afrida Elly
Published: March 2023

Tujuan kegiatan PKM ini yaitu menciptakan siswa yang disiplin dan berakhlak mulia, sehingga dapt diharapkan seabgai generasi penerus dalam memimpin bangasa. Adapun empat kegiatan yaitu di Pasantren Darussalam Guntur Batubara. Hasil dari kegiatan ini telah memberikan edeukasi kepada guru dan siswa tentang permasalahan-permasalahan yang terjadi dalam upaya menciptakan kedisiplinan guru dan siswa. Kegiatan ini mendapat respon positif dari peserta PKM yaitu guru dan murid, sehingga terlihat adanya tekat dalam mewujudkan sistem pendidikan yang disiplin dan berakhlak mulia. Kemudian dari kegiatan ini diketahui bahwa strategi yang dapat dilakuan oleh guru dalam menciptakan disiplin dan berakhlak mulia bagi siswa di pasantren darussalam guntur batubara yaitu secara umum dilakukan dengan beberapa strategi diantarnya: a) Dibentuk satu guru pendamping/ pengawas harian sesuai kapasitas siswa yang ideal, seperti satu sub asrama; b)Melakukan pendekatan individual yaitu dengan memberikan nasehat kepada siswa; c)Memanggil atau menyampaikan permasalahan siswa kepada orang tua siswa dan meminta bantuan memberikan nasehat terkait issue yang disampaikan; d)Membentuk grup WA antara guru wali dan orang tua murid dengan tujuan sebagai wadah menyampaikan perkembangan siswa, permasalahan yang terjadi serta hal-hal lain yang dianggap perlu terkait siswa.Kata Kunci : Strategi Peran Guru; Siswa; Disiplin; Akhlak Mulia.
Sosialiasi Pentingnya Kelengkapan Dokumen Legalitas Yayasan dan Sekolah di Pasantern Darussalam Guntur Batubara
Authors: Sibuea Nunti , Lumban Batu Fider , Mahuli Jenda Ingan , Yusri Yusri , Ismayani Ismayani , Br. Bangun Nirwana
Published: March 2023

Tujuan Kegiatan PKM ini merupakan sosialisasi dan memberikan edukasi kepada sekolah dan madrasah akan pentingnya dokumen legalitas yang salah satunya dalam hal ini adalah status penilaian dari BAN S/M. Kegiatan ini dilakukan di Pasantren Darussalam Guntur Batubara Sumatera Utara yang mengelola pendidiksan tingkat Tsnawiayah dan Aliyah berkonsep pasantren modern Islam Terpadu (IT). Adapun lama kegiatan adalah dua hari. Hasil kegiatan ini memberikan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam terhadap kepada pihak yayasan dan pengelola pasantren tentang pentingnya kelengkapan dokumen legalitas yayasan dan sekolah yaitu: 1) Untuk mengetahui sejauhmana dirinya telah memenuhi kriteria mutu yang sudah ditetapkan pemerintah atau standar nasional pendidikan sebagai standar minimal kualitas (minimum standards of quality); 2) Sebagai referensi bagi semua pihak pada lembaga untuk melakukan evaluasi terhadap kinerja lembaga (institution's performance) dan perencanaan jangka pendek dan jangka panjang (short and long terms planning); 3) Sebagai dasar untuk melakukan perbaikan dan peningkatan mutu pendidikan pada masa yang akan datang sebagai bagian dari peningkatan mutu berkelanjutan (sustainable quality improvement); dan 4) Sebagai bentuk kepatuhan (compliance) terhadap regulasi yang ditetapkan pemerintah serta sebagai bagian dari akuntabilitas publik (public accountability).Kata Kunci : Kelengkapan; Dokumen Legalitas; Yaysan dan Sekolah.
Sosialisasi Arsip di Lingkungan Universitas Pembinaan Masyarakat Indonesia
Authors: Rambe Saima , Dalimunte Nurul , Saimun Saimun , Derlini Derlini
Published: March 2023

Tingkat kesadaran arsip di kalangan masyarakat khususnya di suatu lembaga maupun instansi-instansi Pemerintah maupun Swasta merupakan salah satu gambaran bahwa selama ini arsip dianggap kurang penting. Dimana arsip merupakan rekaman kegiatan atau peristiwa dalam berbagai bentuk dan media sesuai dengan perkembangan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi yang dibuat dan diterima oleh lembaga negara, pemerintah daerah, lembaga pendidikan, perusahaan, organisasi politik, organisasi kemasyarakatan, dan perseorangan dalam pelaksanaan kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa dan bernegara. (UU43/2009, psl 1 angka 2). Dalam proses program kegiatan yang dilakukan dari langkah awal sampai pada sosialisasi dan pengenalan mengenai kesadaran tentang arsip pada pengimplementasian dan langkah terakhir yaitu pengevaluasian. Dari langkah langkah mampu membantu pencapaian tujuan dapat meningkatkan kesadaran pentingnya arsip bagi seluruh karyawan serta membantu pengelolaan arsip di setiap fakultas di Universitas Universitas Pembinaan Masyarakat Indonesia..Kata Kunci: Sosialisasi; Arsip; Pendampingan.
Relawan Pajak Mengajak Masyarakat Sadar Pentingnya Pajak (Pelaksanaan Program Relawan Pajak Mahasiswa UMN Al Washliyah Tahun 2022)
Authors: Jayusman Sri Fitria , Silalahi Alistraja Dison , Siregar Wastina Sari , Br Barus Rismania , Hubbi Atika Wardati , Harahap Kiki Amalia
Published: March 2023

Relawan Pajak secara sukarela menyumbangkan tenaga, waktu, pikiran dan keahlian dalam membantu mendampingi wajib pajak serta memberikan edukasi tentang perpajakan dengan melibatkan Tax Centre maupun Program Studi Administrasi Perpajakan/Perpajakan. Tujuan program relawan pajak adalah agar mahasiswa yang terlibat dalam program relawan pajak untuk bisa menjadi juru bicara pajak serta membantu masyarakat dalam membayar dan melaporkan pajaknya sesuai ketentuan. Kegiatan relawan pajak dilaksanakan dengan metode memberikan edukasi pajak, asistensi pelaporan surat pemberitahuan (SPT) tahunan pajak penghasilan (PPh) orang pribadi dan badan, serta asistensi pembayaran PPh kepada wajib pajak. Kegiatan Relawan Pajak dilaksanakan di KPP Pratama Medan Barat yang beralamat di Jl. Asrama No.7A Sei Sikambing C.II, Kec. Medan Helvetia, KotaMedan, Sumatera Utara 20123 dari tanggal 25 Februari sampai dengan 30 September 2022. Adapun hasil yang diperoleh mahasiswa adalah pengalaman di dunia kerja perpajakan, hal ini sangat berharga sekali, kesempatan mengaplikasikan ilmu yang diperoleh dari kampus setelah perkuliahan. mendapatkan jaringan yang bermanfaat baik pegawai pajak di KPP atau masyarakat .Kata kunci : Relawan Pajak, Tax Centre, Edukasi Perpajakan
The impact of social media on local government transparency and citizen engagement: The case of Tirana Municipality
Authors: BEGO Kristi , YMERAJ Arlinda
Published: March 2023

Over the last few decades, a decline on the trust of the citizens towards their government has been documented, leading to a fundamental concern in public administration (Denhardt & Denhardt, 2014). The perception of transparency has been identified as an important source of trust in government (Curtin & Meijer, 2006). Various authors have highlighted the potential contribution of social media in transforming the public administration towards a new and open format characterized by a) growth of the opportunity of citizens to participate in decision-making; b) improvement of public services; as well as c) promoting new forms of responsibilities. Taking advantage of the opportunities offered by social media, is not limited to the central government. Literature suggests that local governments can achieve many advantages by using social media in the communications with their citizens, and in participatory engagement strategies (Cohen, 2016; Belle, 2013; Tucker, 2011). Although local governments currently use social media to communicate, studies on how they use their platform are missing. In this context, this thesis aims to analyze the communication strategies of local governments through social media usage, and the effectiveness of these strategy in relation to transparency and citizen engagement. More specifically, this thesis examines the impact of Facebook on local government transparency and citizen engagement, focusing on the Tirana Municipality. The field of study addresses two types of different data; one consisting of an analysis of all the Facebook content posts made by Tirana Municipality for a period between June 2020-May 2021, and the other one consists of a qualitative analysis, from semi-structured interviews of the responses of Directorate of Digital Communication employees in Tirana Municipality. Finally, the conclusions of this thesis contribute towards the debate on local government transparency and citizen engagement, and provide important direction in developing suitable strategies and policies of social media activities.
Measuring the Effect of Covid-19 on Bank Lending: Empirical Evidence from Albania
Authors: KOLLESHI Monika , BOZDO Anilda
Published: March 2023

This study aims to empirically contribute to the identification and evaluation of microeconomic and macroeconomic indicators at the level of lending in Albania. It identifies a number of important factors, such as the level of gross domestic product, return on assets, unemployment rate, inflation rate, non-performing loans rate, capital adequacy, liabilities and regulatory capital to assets risk weighted. Quantitative analysis and econometric models will study the quantitative impact of each of these factors on both the level of net credit stock and the level of new credit. The creation of these 2 econometric models will serve us to measure and evaluate the changes encountered in the dependent variable over a given period of time, as a result of shocks from other variables. Also, a current and important contribution to this thesis relates to the impact assessment of COVID-19. In order to maintain the simplicity and usefulness of the model, some realistic features of the current economy have been left out, such as the level of loan repayment etc. The study period is from the first quarter of 2009 to the fourth quarter of 2020. The data used were obtained from the Bank of Albania and the Albanian Association of Banks, which were presented in the form of a time series. Despite the limited number of data considered regarding the impact of COVID-19 as well as their temporal distribution, this study with the work it performs, serves as a good starting point for further studies in this field.
Capital structure in Albanian manufacturing corporations- The main factors which determine it
Authors: SHKRETA Xhesi , MEKA Elvin
Published: March 2023

For every company, decisions made on achieving an optimal capital structure are important for its life cycle and economic profitability. Properly funded investments contribute to the creation of new wealth, which reflects a high added value in the market. A number of theories have been developed by specialists, in the field of finance and economics about the capital structure and its optimal level. In general, these theories came up to conflicting conclusions. One of these theories, developed by Myers and Majluf in 1984, is the “Pecking Order Theory”, which states that companies choose to finance their activity in a certain hierarchical order, preferring domestic financing at first and if it is not possible, they will prefer to be financed through debt, and ultimately through new equity. This paper tends to analyze in which extent this theory of capital structure is applied in the Albanian reality of large manufacturing corporations. Through empirical analysis of the sample, it is analyzed to what extent manufacturing corporations taken in the study, choose to apply this preferential order in decision making between different financing alternatives. Through the inductive method used in the argument, it is concluded that “Pecking Order Theory” is widely applicable to large manufacturing corporations operating in Albania. They prefer domestic and debt financing rather than new equity. Based on the results, in the end are given some recommendations for large corporations, in order to see as an effective way of financing the issuance of new equity, or even debt securities, such as corporate bonds.
A memória poética das mulheres na diáspora africana
Authors: Biasio Nicola
Published: March 2023

Investigando a temporalidade fantasmagórica que assombra nosso contemporâneo através das categorias da pós-memória (HIRSCH, 1997) e da memória multidirecional (ROTHBERG, 2009), o presente artigo visa aplicar o conceito de “memória poética” na análise da recente produção poética da comunidade afrodescendente em Portugal e, em particular, da poesia produzida por mulheres na diáspora africana. Seguindo uma antiga tradição de luta e resistência de mulheres africanas ao colonialismo português, a memória das mulheres negras em Portugal torna-se uma contra-história que combate as heranças coloniais no presente, tentando criar uma memória cultural, plural e coletiva da comunidade afrodiscendente no país. O livro Memórias Aparições Arritmias, de Yara Nakahanda Monteiro, insere-se nessa tradição feminina de combate e exemplifica as questões críticas e teóricas em jogo através da prática poética de relembrar o passado para criar uma memória partilhável que ilumine o presente e o futuro de uma inteira geração.
Considerações acerca dos deslocamentos espaciais nos contos “Thonon-les-Bains”, de Orlanda Amarílis, e “Maria Altinha”, de Manuel da Fonseca
Authors: Pompeu Brasil Francisca Patrícia
Published: March 2023

Reconhecendo a importância do espaço para a construção das personagens e para o entendimento das ações dentro da narrativa, apresentaremos, em nossa pesquisa, algumas considerações sobre os deslocamentos espaciais apresentados nos contos “Thonon-les-Bains”, de Orlanda Amarílis, e “Maria Altinha”, de Manuel da Fonseca. Nosso objetivo é abordar comparativamente essas duas obras, tendo como foco as consequências negativas provocadas por esses deslocamentos na vida das personagens. Destacaremos alguns pontos de aproximação entre as histórias de Piedade e de Maria Altinha, protagonistas dos contos de Amarílis e de Fonseca, respectivamente. São eles: a necessidade de partir em busca de melhores condições de vida para a família; as dificuldades enfrentadas, por serem mulheres economicamente desprivilegiadas, em ambientes dominados por homens; e a violência da qual as duas são vítimas.
Sequências e projetos didáticos no Pacto Nacional pela Alfabetização na Idade Certa: uma leitura (2018)
Authors: Castro Joaquim Junior da Silva
Published: March 2023

De modo geral, o livro mostra-se bem alinhado com sua proposta inicial, debruçando-se adequadamente aos constructos teórico-metodológicos. As autoras utilizam uma linguagem objetiva, clara e acessível a todos e todas que se interessam pelo ensino de Língua Portuguesa, com vistas ao desenvolvimento humano e à criticidade das relações mediadas, sobretudo, pela linguagem. 

Tendo em vista esses elementos, indicamos esta obra para professoras alfabetizadoras e interessadas/os em discutir o procedimento da SD em sala de aula de qualquer nível, inclusive estudantes de Letras que se voltam para o ensino de língua materna e estrangeira. O livro contribuirá não apenas para leituras a mais das teorias estudadas, como o ISD e os letramentos, mas também como possibilidade de utilização de alguns procedimentos didáticos para o ensino-aprendizagem de língua, em uma perspectiva discursiva e social, que considere as variadas práticas sociais humanas. Vale destacar que a obra encontra-se acessível gratuitamente ao leitor.
Warm up - Motivação e ativação de conhecimento prévio na aula de inglês para crianças
Authors: Weizemann Kéli Luiza , Bettoni Melissa
Published: March 2023

Essa pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar se atividades de warm up incluindo as experiências das crianças com o objetivo de recuperar o conhecimento prévio ou provir conhecimento base influenciam na motivação em aulas de língua inglesa. Esta foi uma pesquisa aplicada em sala virtual com 14 discentes em fase de alfabetização do primeiro ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola no interior do estado de Santa Catarina. Os dados foram coletados a partir da identificação pelos participantes de emoções representadas por emojis antes e após as atividades propostas e pela observação do comportamento dos participantes. Cinco emojis diferentes correspondiam a: muito feliz, feliz, neutro, triste e muito triste e a expectativas de acerto por parte dos participantes antes de atividades como: muito alta, alta, média, baixa e muito baixa. Os resultados indicaram que a atividade de warm up provocou emoções positivas, motivação e engajamento nas atividades posteriores por tornarem a aprendizagem do conteúdo novo mais atrativo.
Concepções de leitura no livro didático de língua portuguesa para os anos finais do ensino fundamental
Authors: Melo Ruth Marques , Silva Júnior Silvio Nunes da
Published: March 2023

Este estudo objetiva apresentar uma discussão sobre as concepções de leitura que orientam atividades de um livro didático de Língua Portuguesa para o 7º ano do Ensino Fundamental. Para tanto, o aporte teórico utilizado para a pesquisa abarca as vozes de autores como Freire (2003), Marcuschi (2008), Menegassi (2005), Coracini (1995), Koch e Elias (2008), Barbosa (2008) e outros. A metodologia é qualitativa e de vertente documental, pois propõe uma análise interpretativa de práticas discursivas que compõem um determinado documento. O corpus de análise é composto por 3 (três) atividades encontradas no livro Geração Alpha Língua Portuguesa - 7° Ano, de autoria de Cibele L. Costa, Everaldo Nogueira e Greta Marchetti, publicado em 2019, pelas Edições Sm. Os resultados mostram que o livro didático analisado apresenta em sua estrutura três perspectivas de leitura, estas sendo: a estruturalista, a cognitiva e a interacionista. A oscilação entre as perspectivas se torna prejudicial para as práticas de ensino, uma vez que nem sempre a formação do professor é tão significativa a ponto de formar sujeitos que questionem materiais didáticos.
Pasión, agonía, martirio y santificación de Monseñor Romero
Authors: Cerritos Alberto
Published: March 2023

Se presenta un trabajo filosófico, psicológico, espiritual y de ética política sobre los procesos personales y comunitarios necesarios para articular una cultura de paz en nuestros días. Está dividido en tres partes: la primera sobre la búsqueda de la verdad, que discute cómo las creencias, los conocimientos y los consensos van perfilando caminos hacia la verdad. La segunda sobre el encuentro de la vida, donde se aborda la importancia que tiene el vínculo como categoría, que nos enlaza generacionalmente como especie humana y también en interdependencia con las demás especies y las condiciones de la vida en el planeta. Finalmente sobre el camino de la paz, que refiere la experiencia de lucha democrática y de resistencia civil pacífica en la historia, y cómo ésta va desarrollando una autoridad moral expresada en “fuerza de la verdad”, además de la consciencia autónoma que se genera en las personas y comunidades.
Editorial del número 31
Authors: Cárdenas Garza Diana
Published: March 2023

Esta edición de Entretextos tiene la convicción de que el arte y la cultura ofrecen amplias posibilidades no solo para la formación de conciencias críticas, sino también para la reconstrucción del tejido social, una de las principales preocupaciones en nuestros días. Por tanto, se han publicado textos que informan y reflexionan acerca de propuestas, procesos y fenómenos que evidencien esta importante contribución del arte no solo al desarrollo de la sociedad, sino también a su reconfiguración. Desde la universidad hasta el espacio urbano, desde la educación comunitaria hasta la denuncia de problemáticas sociales. Y vale la pena destacar que entre los autores de esta edición hay miradas tanto regionales como latinoamericanas.