bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF COLD ON JOINT TEMPERATURE AND MOBILITY
Authors: Hunter John , Whillans M. G.
Published: December 2017

Exposure to zero and subzero ambient temperatures results in a significant fall in joint temperature, where the knee joint of the cat was used as test object. The fall in rectal, muscle, and “average” skin temperatures for similar exposures is considerably less. Low joint temperature is associated with increased joint stiffness.
RADON IN NORMAL BREATH
Authors: Martin E. J. , Ferguson J. K. W.
Published: December 2017

When radon-free air is breathed prior to sampling, the amounts of radon in the expired air of normal subjects are considerably less than the amounts commonly found in “fresh” atmospheric air. The radon content of expired air of 15 normal men after breathing radon-free air for 10 min. was found to be 1.5 × 10−14 curies per liter, with a standard error of 0.24 × 10−14 curies. The origin of radon in normal breath is discussed.
STUDIES ON PASSIVE IMMUNITY IN POLIOMYELITIS
Authors: Rhodes A. J. , Clark Eina M. , Shimada F. T. ,   WITH HISTOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS, Donohue W. L. , Ritchie R. C.
Published: December 2017

Thirty rhesus monkeys have been repeatedly injected with Lansing polio-myelitis virus by the intramuscular route. Antibody, as measured by a virus-neutralization test in mice, rapidly developed in the serum. About 3 liters of immune serum with a 50% neutralizing titer of 10−3.0 or higher were collected with a view to fractionation. Antibody levels tended to be maintained during rest periods when no injections were given. The evidence suggests that, on the whole, antibody levels were higher in animals receiving virus incorporated in paraffin oil adjuvant than in those receiving virus suspended in water. Certain individual monkeys receiving virus in water responded as well, however, as monkeys receiving virus in adjuvant.
STUDIES ON HEPATIC NECROSIS INDUCED BY DIETARY MEANS
Authors: McLean John R. , Beveridge J. M. R.
Published: December 2017

The addition of the antithyroid agents, thiocyanate and propylthiouracil, to a basal diet low in the sulphur-containing amino acids and in α-tocopherol ameliorated its necrogenic effect, but did not prevent the development of acute massive liver necrosis when this ration was fed to young rats. The necrogenic effect of a basal diet supplemented with desiccated thyroid, an agent that greatly potentiates the necrogenicity of the ration, was completely abolished by the addition of cystine or α-tocopherol. These substances did not overcome the well known toxic effects of excessive amounts of thyroid tissue.
THE ELASTICITY OF THE LARGE ARTERIES IN HYPERTENSION
Authors: Adamson J. P. , Doupe J.
Published: December 2017

Intra-arterial pressures and pulse wave velocities were measured in 18 subjects whose auscultatory diastolic pressures ranged from 45 to 120 mm. Hg. Various methods were used to lower the blood pressure in the hypertensive and to raise it in nonhypertensive subjects so that pulse wave velocities might be compared in all subjects at a common diastolic pressure. The pulse wave velocities were calculated for a diastolic pressure of 80 mm. Hg. No significant differences were found between hypertensive and nonhypertensive subjects. It was concluded that a defect of arterial elasticity as gauged by pulse wave velocity is not a factor in the pathogenesis of hypertension.
“IN VIVO” AND “IN VITRO” EFFECT OF ASCORBIC ACID AND ACTH ON THE RAT ADRENAL CORTEX
Authors: DesMarais A. , Leblanc J.
Published: December 2017

Histochemical examination of adrenal glands of hypophysectomized rats given both ascorbic acid and ACTH showed an enlargement of the cortex and a decrease of sudanophilic substances, as compared to adrenals of hypophysectomized rats receiving ACTH alone. “In vitro” experiments on incubated slices of adrenal glands have shown that ascorbic acid and ACTH have a synergistic effect on the secretory activity of the cells of the adrenal cortex.
SOME ABSORPTION AND FLUORESCENT PROPERTIES OF THE α-ESTRADIOL SULPHURIC ACID COMPLEX
Authors: Linford J. H.
Published: December 2017

Three processes take place when α-estradiol is dissolved in concentrated sulphuric acid: (1) a reaction involving the C3—OH group, characterized by the development of an absorption maximum at 220[Formula: see text], (2) a reaction involving the Cn-OH group, characterized by the development of an absorption maximum at 235[Formula: see text] to 230[Formula: see text] and (3) intramolecular rearrangements. The use of diluted acid as a reagent favors the C3 reaction. Subsequent dilution with water of a solution of α-estradiol in concentrated acid results in a reversible solvent effect and accelerates an irreversible rearrangement or reaction; this is characterized by the development of an absorption maximum at 207[Formula: see text] when the C17 group is involved, and at 195[Formula: see text] when the C3 group is involved. Published results by Cohen and Bates, as well as by Umberger and Curtis, show that these processes are general for the estrogens. This explains the accurate timing, temperature, and concentration measurements required for the colorimetric assay of estrogens in acid solution. The reaction of α-estradiol with phenolsulphonic acid, and with phosphoric acid, involves only the C3 group. Dehydrating reagents are necessary before an acid reaction involving the C17—OH group can occur.
THE ABSORPTION AND FLUORESCENCE PROPERTIES, IN THE VISIBLE SPECTRAL REGION, OF CERTAIN STEROIDS IN SULPHURIC ACID SOLUTIONS
Authors: Linford J. H. , Paulson O. Bernice
Published: December 2017

The absorption and fluorescence of steroids dissolved in concentrated sulphuric acid, and the changes in these properties on adding ethanol to the concentrated acid solutions, have been examined for: cholesterol, pregnandiol, α-estradiol, dehydroisoandrosterone (D.H.A.), dehydroisoandrosterone acetate, desoxycorticosterone acetate, (D.O.C.A.), testosterone propionate, and progesterone. At 57° C. or less, in concentrated sulphuric acid solution a colored compound was formed only if an hydroxyl group was present in the steroid molecule; the keto group formed a colored compound with sulphuric acid only in the presence of a hydroxyl group in the same steroid molecule. As the concentrated sulphuric acid solutions were diluted with alcohol, absorption maxima appeared which were characteristic of specific hydroxyl and keto groups. Irradiation of the solutions by light of the spectral regions corresponding to the absorption maxima produced related fluorescent bands.
TULAREMIA AMONG BEAVER AND MUSKRAT IN ONTARIO
Authors: Labzoffsky N. A. , Sprent J. A. F.
Published: December 2017

During a 1949-51 epizootic of unknown etiology in Northern Ontario, six beavers, four beaver livers, and one muskrat were examined. Two beaver carcasses were obtained from Sioux Lookout, one from Dryden, one from Port Arthur, two from Gananoque, and four beaver livers from Sudbury. One muskrat carcass was forwarded from Long Point district. Pasteurella tularensis was isolated from five beavers and the muskrat, by guinea pig and developing chick embryo inoculation. This disease is apparently geographically widespread in Ontario among the animals, since the organism was isolated from the specimens obtained from such widely separate areas as Patricia, Long Point, and Gananoque districts.
THE STUDY OF LIVER FUNCTION IN DOGS
Authors: Gornall Allan G. , Barda will Charles J.
Published: December 2017

Three years experience with the study of liver function in dogs given carbon tetrachloride has led to the following conclusions. The most generally useful test of disturbed liver function has been a modified bromsulfalein excretion test in which a dose of 10 mgm. per kilogram is used and the blood sampled 15 min. later. The serum “alkaline” phosphatase level, in the absence of extrahepatic biliary obstruction, is a sensitive index of liver damage in dogs. The albumin/euglobulin ratio decreases during hepatotoxin administration and usually remains low for a time during hepatic regeneration. The degree of lowering gives a useful indication of the clinical condition of. the animal and correlates best with the histological findings. Serum bilirubin was an insensitive indication of liver damage and urinary bilirubin and urobilinogen studies were of no value under our conditions. The plasma prothrombin time was increased only in the early acute phase of liver injury. Certain empirical tests for altered serum proteins, thymol turbidity, zinc sulphate, and [Formula: see text] sodium sulphite can be applied to dogs but are much less sensitive than they are in man. Amino acid tolerance tests gave little evidence of being useful and the intravenous galactose tolerance test was of no value in dogs.
A METHOD FOR THE QUANTITATIVE MEASUREMENT OF AGGLUTININ NITROGEN IN ANTISERA TO HEMOPHILUS PERTUSSIS, PHASE I
Authors: MacPherson Catherine F. C. , Maurer Paul H. , Alexander Hattie E. , Redman Winifred
Published: December 2017

A method for the measurement, in weight units, of the agglutinin nitrogen in antisera to Hemophilus pertussis, Phase I, is described. The procedure and techniques are essentially the same as those first published by Heidelberger and Kabat for the measurement of agglutinin nitrogen in antipneumococcal sera. However, it was found that unusually large amounts of bacterial nitrogen were required to absorb pertussis agglutinins completely, even when the antibodycontent of the antisera was low. The accuracy of this method is limited to ± 1-2%, the error involved in the Kjeldahl procedure for measuring nitrogen. Thus, the large amounts of bacterial nitrogen necessary for absorption and the relatively low agglutinin nitrogen content of the antisera indicated that the results of one, or at the most two, absorptions be used to calculate values with some meaning in terms of quantitative analytical chemistry. Analysis of an unknown antiserum can now be accomplished in one or two absorptions if 1.0 ml. volumes of appropriate dilutions of serum are absorbed with approximately 2 mgm. of bacterial nitrogen. The antibody content is calculated from the dilution of serum which was completely absorbed.
ADENOSINETRIPHOSPHATASE STUDY DURING RAT LIVER DAMAGE
Authors: Allard Claude , Cantero Antonio
Published: December 2017

Adenosinetriphosphatase activity of the adult albino rat liver varies during stimulated growth caused by partial hepatectomy. Effectively the mitochondrion loses 48% of ATP-ase activity during the first day of regeneration and begins to recuperate ATP-ase activity only after the eighth day of regeneration. Most probably the microsomes (small granules) or the soluble part of the cell are the site of ATP-ase activity fluctuation during rat liver regeneration. The nuclei ATP-ase activity is relatively constant during regeneration. A low ATP-ase activity in the mitochondrion and supernatant fraction of the cell corresponds to a high rate of cell division. The ATP-ase activity of the regenerating liver is different from the ATP-ase activity of the liver tumor.
ACUTE EXPERIMENTAL HEART FAILURE PRODUCED BY INTRAVENOUS GUM ACACIA INFUSION
Authors: Gowdey C. W. , Loynes J. S.
Published: December 2017

This paper describes some of the cardiovascular changes produced in anaesthetized dogs by slow, continuous, intravenous infusion of gum acacia solution. As the blood volume increased and the haematocrit fell, the cardiac output and heart size increased. The right and left auricular pressures rose slowly at first, then more rapidly as the venous system became more distended. A point was reached at which the heart, unable to cope with the ever-increasing load, began to fail. The intracardiac pressures and cardiac size increased rapidly; cardiac arrhythmia developed, and death followed within half an hour. Observations comparable to those in clinical congestive heart failure included the following: a greatly enlarged heart, high intracardiac pressures, hepatic engorgement, occasionally peripheral oedema, maintenance of arterial blood pressure until frank decompensation occurred, and decreased urinary flow coinciding with the reduced cardiac output.
THE RELATION BETWEEN JOINT STIFFNESS UPON EXPOSURE TO COLD AND THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SYNOVIAL FLUID
Authors: Hunter John , Kerr E. H. , Whillans M. G.
Published: December 2017

Previous laboratory tests have shown that joint temperatures, on exposure to low ambient temperatures, fall to a greater extent than muscle, rectal, or average skin temperatures. The fall in temperature is accompanied by an increased resistance of joints to movement, and the maximum speed with which the joint can be moved decreases. The predominant type of movement at the human knee joint and interphalangeal joints is a gliding one. The characteristics of synovial fluid explain the increased forces required to move a joint and the loss in speed of movement on exposure to cold. In vivo studies support such predictions.
APPLICATIONS OF THE HENDERSON-HASSELBALCH EQUATION TO SINGLE AND MIXED BUFFER SOLUTIONS
Authors: Birmingham Marion K. , Elliott K. A. C.
Published: December 2017

On the basis of a review of recent literature the following constants for the bicarbonate and primary–secondary phosphate buffer systems seem to be the most reliable.

pK′ for bicarbonate buffer in mammalian Ringer solution: 6.08 at 25°, 6.02 at 38°.

pK′ for bicarbonate in Ringer–0.02 M phosphate–bicarbonate solution: 6.06 at 25°, 6.00 at 38°.

pK′ for serum: 6.12 at 25°, 6.09 at 38°.

pK′ for Ringer–phosphate solution: 6.8, scarcely changed by temperature. Solubility coefficient of carbon dioxide (αco2) in water, 0.76 at 25°, 0.54 at 38°; in Ringer solution, 0.74 at 25°, 0.53 at 38°.

Methods for calculating pH and acid–base changes, carbon dioxide evolution and retention, and temperature effects, in single and mixed buffers have been presented. Examples of applications to Warburg manometric work are given which illustrate the effect of a second buffer on manometric determinations in bicarbonate buffered media.
THE RELATIVE BIOLOGICAL EFFECTIVENESS OF 200 KV. AND 23.5 MEV. X RADIATION
Authors: Ting T. P. , Johns H. E.
Published: December 2017

A substantial number of transplanted mouse tumors (adenocarcinoma E0771 and sarcoma 37) were exposed to X radiation at 200 kv. and 23.5 Mev. Irradiation was confined entirely to the tumor. It was found that regression rate, as measured by the decrease in the total volume of the tumor, could be used as a measure of the effectiveness of a radiation. With this method the 23.5 Mev. radiation was found to be 0.83 times as effective as 200 kv. radiation. This may be due to the lower specific ionization of the electron tracks produced by the betatron radiation. Measurements of the lethal regression were also carried out in a smaller number of tumors using both types of radiation. The betatron radiation was found to be 0.85 times as effective as 200 kv. radiation, in agreement with the figure obtained using the regression rate.
BIOCHEMICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE LIVER OF MICE FOLLOWING FEEDING OF THE INSECTICIDE ALDRIN
Authors: Annau E. , Konst H. , Plummer P. J. G.
Published: December 2017

Aldrin fed to mice in a sublethal concentration of 50 p.p.m. induced a considerable increase in weight of the liver. This enlargement of the liver was the result of hypertrophy as well as of mitotic activity of the liver cells due to a preferential accumulation of nitrogen containing substances, namely, proteins.
THE LIPID COMPOSITION AND WATER CONTENT OF CARCASS, SKELETAL MUSCLE, AND TESTICLE IN THE HOST COMPONENT OF THE ALBINO RAT – WALKER CARCINOMA 256 DUAL ORGANISM
Authors: Boyd Eldon M. , Connell Mary L. , McEwen H. D.
Published: December 2017

The albino rat with an inoculated Walker carcinoma 256 was considered to be a dual organism and the influence of the tumor component upon the lipid and water concentration of the host component was studied. The total lipid, neutral fat, total fatty acids, total cholesterol, ester cholesterol, free cholesterol, and phospholipid, estimated by oxidative micromethods, and the water content were determined in carcass, skeletal muscle, and testicle of the host component after 28 days of growth of the tumor in 14 dual organisms and the data compared with corresponding values from 12 control albino rats without tumors. In the host component, the following statistically significant changes in concentration were found: a decrease in the neutral fat content of carcass and skeletal muscle and in the water content of the testicle; an increase in the phospholipid content of carcass and skeletal muscle, in the free cholesterol content of carcass, skeletal muscle, and testicle, in the ester cholesterol content of testicle and in the water content of carcass and skeletal muscle with corresponding changes in the concentration of total cholesterol, total fatty acids, and total lipid. In each instance, these shifts in concentration were toward the level in the tumor component, so that the lipid composition and water content of these tissues of the host component became more like those of the tumor component, suggesting a metabolism directing influence of the tumor upon the host.
CHANGES IN OXYGEN UPTAKE AND PEPTIDASE ACTIVITY OF RAT THYMUS DURING GROWTH AND AFTER ADRENALECTOMY
Authors: Birmingham Marion K. , Desbarats Marie-Louise
Published: December 2017

In male Sherman rats there is a straight line relationship between the logarithm of thymus weight and the logarithm of body weight until the animal weighs about 200 gm. With a further increase in body weight the thymus involutes but the extent of involution is extremely variable. The oxygen uptake of thymus suspensions and the maintenance of the respiration rate decrease with increase in body weight, both in the presence and absence of added glucose. Glucose added to the medium has little effect upon the respiration rate of the thymus of young animals but stimulates the respiration rate of the glands as the animals grow older. Thymus suspensions from adrenalectomized and sham-operated rats do not differ in their respiration rate or in their peptidase activity as measured by the ability to hydrolyze glycylglycylglycine.
SALMONELLA TYPHOSA Vi ANTIGEN AND ITS IMMUNIZING POTENTIAL
Authors: Swabb N. N. , Reed G. B.
Published: December 2017

A series of cultures of typhoid bacilli containing Vi antigen were much more virulent for mice than strains in which the Vi antigen was not present. Vaccines prepared from all the Vi strains tested produced a much higher level of active immunity than vaccines prepared from W types lacking the Vi antigen. Sera of rabbits immunized with vaccines made from Vi strains produced a much higher level of passive immunity in mice than sera of rabbits immunized with non-Vi strains. The Vi antigen contained in vaccines prepared from certain strains and, one in particular, proved to have a greater thermostability and greater general stability, as tested by storage, than the Vi antigen of other strains. An acid extract of a Vi strain produced a high level active immunity in mice.
SERUM ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE LEVELS IN MICE OF THE C57, C3H, AND A STRAINS
Authors: Tuba Jules
Published: December 2017

Levels of serum alkaline phosphatase have been established for mice of the C57, A, and C3H strains. Statistically significant effects on the activity of the enzyme are associated with age, sex, previous pregnancy, and strain. There is no evidence of correlation between enzyme values and resistance or susceptibility to cancer.
ENZYMATIC CHANGES IN THE LIVER OF MICE FOLLOWING FEEDING OF THE INSECTICIDE ALDRIN (HEXACHLOROHEXAHYDRODIMETHANONAPHTHALENE)
Authors: Annau E. , Konst H.
Published: December 2017

The ingestion of sublethal doses of the insecticide aldrin, C12H8Cl6, induces in mice after a period of time a considerable enlargement of the liver. It was considered possible that some enzymatic changes in the liver of the intoxicated animal might be responsible for some features of the pathological process. Activities of the following four enzymes were investigated: acid and alkaline phosphatase, arginase, and xanthine oxidase. The results indicated that the activity of acid phosphatase and arginase remained unchanged during the entire feeding period, while the activity of xanthine oxidase and alkaline phosphatase appeared to be decreased.
THE METABOLISM OF C14-UREA IN THE RAT
Authors: Zbarsky S. H. , Wright W. D.
Published: December 2017

Urea, labelled with carbon14, was synthesized and administered to rats by intraperitoneal injection. The excretion of the carbon14 was followed by analysis of the urine and expired carbon dioxide for radioactivity at various times after the injection and the distribution of the isotope was determined by analysis of organs, blood, and carcass. A portion of the injected urea was rapidly metabolized, up to 17% of the isotope being excreted in the expired air after three hours and 30% after 48 hr. The highest output of C14O2 occurred during the second hour after injection. Most of the remaining isotope was excreted in the urine as urea. After three hours only a small percentage of the injected carbon14 was present in the kidney, liver, and blood, largely as urea. There appeared to be little incorporation of the isotope into the tissues.
PARALLEL STUDIES OF COMPLEMENT AND BLOOD COAGULATION VIII. THE EFFECT OF CHOLINE AND METHIONINE ON THE CHANGES INDUCED IN GUINEA PIGS BY THE INJECTION OF CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
Authors: Rice Christine E. , Boulanger Paul , Plummer P. J. G.
Published: December 2017

A marked prolongation of the two-stage clotting time of the plasma was produced in guinea pigs by the repeated injection of small weekly doses of carbon tetrachloride. Ac-globulin (labile factor), as well as fibrinogen and prothrombin, was reduced. A significant fall in whole complement titer also occurred; of the four major complement components, C′ 2 and C′ 3 were the most affected. Subsequent and concurrent daily feedings of choline chloride or methionine reduced the clotting time of the plasma of certain of the carbon tetrachloride treated animals but not to normal levels; they had no significant influence on complement titer. Previous and concurrent daily feedings of choline chloride ameliorated the fatty liver condition and gave some protection against the decrease in the coagulability of the blood induced by the drug; the decline in complement titer was not prevented. Ethionine augmented the changes induced by carbon tetrachloride.
THE DESOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID OF INTERPHASE AND DIVIDING NUCLEI
Authors: Stevens C. E. , Daoust R. , Leblond C. P.
Published: December 2017

Classical genetics has associated the rigid transmission of hereditary characters with the constancy of the chromosome pattern. Modern work has shown that the chromosomes contain the substance desoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), which is believed to be the carrier of genetic potential. In general, the amount of this material present per cell is constant in all organs and tissues in a given species. Furthermore, isotopic work with a DNA precursor, phosphorus, showed that it does not enter the DNA of tissues in which the cells do not divide—a result interpreted as supporting the classical concept of the stability of genetic material. It was known, on the other hand, that phosphorus is incorporated into the DNA of tissues containing cells undergoing division—a result interpreted as being due to the synthesis of DNA associated with cell division. Evidence is presented to indicate that such synthesis does occur, but is far more extensive than was hitherto suspected, since it involves the complete replacement of all the DNA present before initiation of the cell division. How the cell can safeguard the stability of the genetic material in the course of this total DNA renewal can only be surmised at this time.
SOME BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF IONIZING RADIATIONS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON DESOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID
Authors: Smith David B.
Published: December 2017

Some effects of ionizing radiation on mitosis are described. The effects of X-and γ-rays on desoxyribonucleic acid and investigations into the mechanism of these effects are reviewed.
ANTIHISTAMINICS AND APOMORPHINE-INDUCED VOMITING
Authors: Boyd Eldon M. , Boyd Carl E.
Published: December 2017

The experiments reported were undertaken to investigate pharmacologically certain claims that some antihistaminics are antemetic in man and capable of inhibiting or preventing apomorphine-induced vomiting in animals. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride, diphenhydramine-8-chlorotheophyllinate, and diphenhydramine- 8-bromotheophyllinate, administered to cats in rotation, by mouth, in doses of from 0.5 to 20 mgm. per kgm. body weight 0.5 hr. before subcutaneous injection of 20 to 50 mgm, per kgm. of apomorphine hydrochloride, had no effect upon the vomiting syndrome. Doses of from 0.5 to 40 mgm. Per kgm. of the same three derivatives of diphenhydramine were administered orally to dogs in rotation and at intervals of 0.5, 1,2, and 4 hr. before intramuscular injection of 0.05 mgm. per kgm. of apomorphine hydrochloride, with no effect upon the incidence of vomiting and no effect upon the frequency of vomiting and retching except partial inhibition at convulsant and subconvulsant doses. Similar results were obtained from administration of promethazine hydrochloride orally to dogs in doses of from 0.5 to 40 mgm. per kgm. one hour before intramuscular injection of 0.05 mgm. per kgm. of apomorphine hydrochloride, and the same procedure, substituting methapyrilene hydrochloride and methapyrilene-8-chlorotheophyllinate for promethazine hydrochloride, did not affect the vomiting syndrome whatsoever. The results indicate that in amounts corresponding to usual human therapeutic doses, none of these antihistaminics has any ability to prevent apomorphine-induced emesis in dogs and cats.
AUTOLYSIS IN NORMAL AND PATHOLOGICAL CEREBROSPINAL FLUIDS
Authors: Kovacs Ernest
Published: December 2017

Variations in acid soluble inorganic phosphorus concentration of some 850 specimens of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were assayed before and after incubation, under sterile and standardized conditions. These phosphorus changes are the consequences of interaction of enzymes and phosphorus-containing organic material present in the CSF. Characteristic patterns were noted in the different etiological groups. Normal CSF exhibited no phosphorus changes after incubation, nor did specimens from neurologically normal persons; exceptions were rare. On the other hand in the CSF of acute bacterial meningitides a great increase of phosphorus was usually evident. No changes were observed in a large number of poliomyelitis specimens. This similarity to normal may be due to quite dissimilar causes. In the syphilis group, a great increase of phosphorus was found in active neurosyphilis. In convulsive disorders, idiopathic epilepsy manifested the highest increase. CSF's of post-traumatic syndrome patients showed uniformly high phosphate release. Brain tumor specimens manifested moderate changes.
THE COMBINATION OF HEPARIN AND BOVINE SERUM ALBUMIN
Authors: Clarke D. W. , Monkhouse F. C.
Published: December 2017

The complexing of heparin and bovine serum albumin in acetate buffer at pH 5.0 was studied by electrophoretic techniques. A stable complex with a heparin : albumin mole ratio of 1 : 2 was found, though there was evidence for the existence of unstable complexes with a higher heparin : albumin ratio.
PURIFICATION OF DIPHTHERIA TOXOID BY CONTINUOUS ELECTROPHORESIS ON FILTER PAPER
Authors: Poulik M. D.
Published: December 2017

A separation of purified diphtheria toxoid in a continuous electrophoresis apparatus has been achieved and resulting components have been.collected in quantities sufficient for testing and elaboration. The simple and inexpensive apparatus constructed of materials readily available is described and some factors concerned with the separation of the components are discussed. The results of the biological tests carried out on the components are outlined.
Climate change impacts on hard red spring wheat yield and production risk: evidence from Manitoba, Canada
Authors: Carew R. , Meng T. , Florkowski W.J. , Smith R. , Blair D.
Published: December 2017

A Just–Pope production function is employed to investigate the effects of historic weather changes on hard red spring wheat yield variability in Manitoba. Field-level data on wheat yield, proportion of wheat seeded area, and fertilizer inputs from the Manitoba Agricultural Services Corporation were employed to determine how temperature and precipitation affect mean wheat yield and production risk, and how projected climate scenarios impact yield variability in heterogeneous risk areas of Manitoba. Variety richness increases average yield and reduces yield variance while varieties protected by plant breeders’ rights increase yield variance. Phosphorus fertilizer is positively associated with average wheat yield while total precipitation is shown to negatively affect mean yield and positively impact yield variability. June precipitation matters while June and July temperatures negatively affect yield. Projected climate change is expected to increase yield variability in both the medium (2034–2050) and long term (2079–2095), both under low- and high-carbon scenarios with production variance effects differing across crop districts. Adaptation strategies may be required to mitigate yield risk effects of climate change resulting in late seeding decisions from increased spring precipitation.
Trace diagrams and biquandle brackets
Authors: Nelson S. , Oyamaguchi N.
Published: December 2017

We introduce a method of computing biquandle brackets of oriented knots and links using a type of decorated trivalent spatial graphs we call trace diagrams. We identify algebraic conditions on the biquandle bracket coefficients for moving strands over and under traces and identify a new stop condition for the recursive expansion. In the case of monochromatic crossings we show that biquandle brackets satisfy a Homflypt-style skein relation and we identify algebraic conditions on the biquandle bracket coefficients to allow pass-through trace moves.
Recognition of Somatic Cells in Bovine Milk Using Fusion Feature
Authors: gao Xiaojing , Xue Heru , Jiang Xinhua , Zhou Yanqing
Published: December 2017

Mastitis is the major cause of loss in dairy farming. Somatic cells are one of most important standards to detect this infection. This paper proposes a novel image processing algorithm to recognize four types of somatic cells in bovine milk automatically. First, cloud model uses to segment cell images. Second, a variety of features are extracted from regions of interest. Finally, most differential features are selected using ReliefF algorithm and performances of two classifiers, Back propagation networks (BPN) and support vector machine (SVM), are compared. The experimental results are obtained using a large set of images from different sources. The results of our proposed method is not only efficient in accuracy and speed, but also robust to illumination in bovine mastitis via optical microscopy.
Local heating of the universe by the Higgs field
Authors: Belotsky K. M. , Grobov A. V. , Rubin S. G.
Published: December 2017

It is shown that the creation of primordial massive black holes is accompanied by a local heating of the matter. The developed mechanism is based on the interaction of the Higgs field and a scalar field responsible for black hole formation. We also consider dynamical behavior of parameters such as a scale and chemical composition of such heating regions.
A characterization of the set of local martingale measures
Authors: Berkaoui Abdelkarem
Published: December 2017

We generalize the results of [1] to continuous time case by stating necessary and sufficient conditions on a set of probability measures to be the set of local martingale measures for a vector valued, locally bounded and adapted process.
Underwater pipelines panoramic image transmission and refinement using acoustic sensors
Authors: Jindal Himanshu , Kasana Singara Singh , Saxena Sharad
Published: December 2017

The natural resources require continuous monitoring of pipelines to avoid algae blooms, corrosion, leakages, damages at joints for better management. Monitoring is performed through Wireless Sensors Network in collaboration with various communication methods using image sensors, but they face limitations like time consumption, color variations, blurred data, bit or data losses. To overcome the limitations, the paper proposes a Panoramic Image Transmission and Refinement Technique that uses acoustical sensors, Hybrid-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (Hybrid-OFDM) and Mosaicing technique, targets to sense, capture and forward data to the surface station. It smooths the data using Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC) algorithm. The proposed method is tested and validated through MATLAB simulations. The obtained results support technique’s efficiency with respect to less energy consumption, communication, maximum delivery of data at low cost.
Parseval transforms for finite frames
Authors: Zheng Xianwei , Yang Shouzhi , Tang Yuan Yan , Li Youfa
Published: December 2017

The relationship between frames and Parseval frames is an important topic in frame theory. In this paper, we investigate Parseval transforms, which are linear transforms turning general finite frames into Parseval frames. We introduce two classes of transforms in terms of the right regular and left Parseval transform matrices (RRPTMs and LPTMs). We give representations of all the RRPTMs and LPTMs of any finite frame. Two important LPTMs are discussed in this paper, the canonical LPTM (square root of the inverse frame operator) and the RGS matrix, which are obtained by using row’s Gram–Schmidt orthogonalization. We also investigate the relationship between the Parseval frames generated by these two LPTMs. Meanwhile, for RRPTMs, we verify the existence of invertible RRPTMs for any given finite frame. Finally, we discuss the existence of block diagonal RRPTMs by taking the graph structure of the frame elements into consideration.
Geometrical formulation of relativistic mechanics
Authors: Chanda Sumanto , Guha Partha
Published: December 2017

The relativistic Lagrangian in presence of potentials was formulated directly from the metric, with the classical Lagrangian shown embedded within it. Using it we formulated covariant equations of motion, a deformed Euler–Lagrange equation, and relativistic Hamiltonian mechanics. We also formulate a modified local Lorentz transformation, such that the metric at a point is invariant only under the transformation defined at that point, and derive the formulae for time-dilation, length contraction, and gravitational redshift. Then we compare our formulation under non-relativistic approximations to the conventional ad hoc formulation, and we briefly analyze the relativistic Liénard oscillator and the spacetime it implies.
Cosmological implications of scalar field dark energy models in f(T,𝒯 ) gravity
Authors: Salako Ines G. , Jawad Abdul , Moradpour Hooman
Published: December 2017

After reviewing the [Formula: see text] gravity, in which [Formula: see text] is the torsion scalar and [Formula: see text] is the trace of the energy-momentum tensor, we refer to two cosmological models of this theory in agreement with observational data. Thereinafter, we consider a flat Friedmann–Robertson–Walker (FRW) universe filled by a pressureless source and look at the terms other than the Einstein terms in the corresponding Friedmann equations, as the dark energy (DE) candidate. In addition, some cosmological features of models, including equation of states and deceleration parameters, are addressed helping us in getting the accelerated expansion of the universe in quintessence era. Finally, we extract the scalar field as well as potential of quintessence, tachyon, K-essence and dilatonic fields for both [Formula: see text] models. It is observed that the dynamics of scalar field as well as the scalar potential of these models indicate an accelerated expanding universe in these models.
Loop quantum cosmology-corrected Gauss–Bonnet singular cosmology
Authors: Kleidis K. , Oikonomou V. K.
Published: December 2017

In this work we investigate which Loop Quantum Cosmology (LQC)-corrected Gauss–Bonnet [Formula: see text] gravity can realize two singular cosmological scenarios, the intermediate inflation and the singular bounce scenarios. The intermediate inflation scenario has a Type III sudden singularity at [Formula: see text], while the singular bounce has a soft Type IV singularity. By using perturbative techniques, we find the holonomy-corrected [Formula: see text] gravities that generate at leading order the aforementioned cosmologies and we also argue that the effect of the holonomy corrections is minor to the power spectrum of the primordial curvature perturbations of the classical theory.
APPLYING CONFIGURATIONAL THINKING TO IDENTIFY RECIPES FOR PRODUCING SERVICE INNOVATIONS IN THE SERVICE SECTOR
Authors: TORUGSA NUTTANEEYA ANN , ARUNDEL ANTHONY , ROBERTSON PAUL L.
Published: December 2017

Using data from a sample of 2,528 European service firms, this study applies configurational thinking to identify combinations or “recipes” of attributes that can result in service innovation. Attributes of interest include the sector of service activities, the type of market served, the presence of production in other countries, the introduction of potentially complementary process and organisational innovations, and investment in research and development. We employ crisp-set qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) to identify recipes for service innovation, and verify the results using logit regression. By revealing several recipes for service innovation and demonstrating the value of QCA’s configurational thinking in providing a nuanced picture of the heterogeneity of innovation activities at the level of individual firms, our findings provide valuable linkages to managerial actions and have the potential for revitalising theory of service innovation.
On series identities arising from Jacobi’s identity of the theta function
Authors: Tsumura Hirofumi
Published: December 2017

In this paper, we show certain series identities arising from the Jacobi identity of the ordinary theta function. These include several formulas of Ramanujan type given by Berndt and their relevant analogues.
Rapid computation of L-functions attached to Maass forms
Authors: Booker Andrew R. , Then Holger
Published: December 2017

Let [Formula: see text] be a degree-[Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]-function associated to a Maass cusp form. We explore an algorithm that evaluates [Formula: see text] values of [Formula: see text] on the critical line in time [Formula: see text]. We use this algorithm to rigorously compute an abundance of consecutive zeros and investigate their distribution.
Hybrid Perovskite Photoconductivity Visible Region Detector with High Speed and Stability
Authors: Mi Baoliang , Li Huan , Song Zihang , Zhao Guiqing , Tong Guoqing , Jiang Yang
Published: December 2017

Hybird perovskite materials have been regarded as an outstanding candidate in the optoelectronic devices. In this work, a high speed perovskite photodetector (PD) based on the gas–solid reaction process was proposed and a high responsivity and detectivity of 5.87[Formula: see text]A W[Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] Jones were obtained after annealing at 120[Formula: see text]C for 30[Formula: see text]min. Compared to traditional solution process, the gas–solid reaction provided a full coverage film with high crystallization, which is beneficial to the electrons transportation and the capture of the incident light. The response time of device is up to 248[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]s/207[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]s under 700[Formula: see text]Hz. More importantly, the device exhibits a good stability after storing in the air for two months. The perovskite PD shows a high performance upon the light illumination, revealing that the hybrid perovskite is a promising candidate for optoelectronic applications.
Facile Synthesis and Properties of Aqueous CdTe Quantum Dots for High-Sensitive Copper (II) Ion Detection
Authors: Zheng Yue , Tang Hengshan , Wang Xiaoyu , Di Ya , Lu Kunling , Wang Jidong
Published: December 2017

The synthesis of aqueous MPA-capped CdTe quantum dots (QDs) via a facile one-pot route was developed. The particle size, optical properties and crystal structure of the as-synthesis QDs were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), UV-vis absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectra, respectively. Meanwhile, the effect of reaction conditions, including reaction time, pH and the quantity of sodium citrate (SC) on the growth of CdTe QDs were discussed. Then, the obtained CdTe QDs were successfully used for the detection of trace Cu[Formula: see text] with high sensitivity and excellent selectivity. The fluorescence intensity of CdTe QDs with Cu[Formula: see text] concentration showed a linear relationship in the range from [Formula: see text] mol/L to [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mol/L. The correlation coefficient (R) is 0.9980 and limit of detection (LOD) is [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mol/L. Moreover, the concentration of Cu[Formula: see text] in tap water samples was determined based on this sensing system and the recovery test was satisfactory.
Typical representatives of free homotopy classes in multi-punctured plane
Authors: Arnold Maxim , Baryshnikov Yuliy , Mileyko Yuriy
Published: December 2017

We show that a uniform probability measure supported on a specific set of piecewise linear loops in a nontrivial free homotopy class in a multi-punctured plane is overwhelmingly concentrated around loops of minimal lengths. Our approach is based on extending Mogulskii’s theorem to closed paths, which is a useful result of independent interest. In addition, we show that the above measure can be sampled using standard Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques, thus providing a simple method for approximating shortest loops.
Dynamic axial crushing of bitubular tubes with curvy polygonal inner-tube sections
Authors: Ahmed Naveed , Xue Pu , Zafar Naeem
Published: December 2017

Bitubular structural configurations, where the outer tube is circular, square and curvy square in shape while the inner-tube section is curvy triangular, square and hexagonal in different proposed configurations, are numerically crushed under dynamic axial loading. The crashworthiness effectiveness for changing inner-tube polygonal cross-section for each of the outer tube sections is studied and compared with changing outer tube shape. The deformation plots and energy absorption (EA) parameters such as peak crushing force (PCF) mean crushing force (MCF), energy absorption and crush force efficiency for each case are evaluated. Most of the configurations showed ovalization with low PCF and MCF and moderate crush force efficiency. Afterwards, effects of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] on deformation modes and EA are demonstrated by selecting one of the configurations from each group using published experimental results.
Exploring Audience Response in Performing Arts with a Brain-Adaptive Digital Performance System
Authors: Yan Shuo , Ding Gangyi , Li Hongsong , Sun Ningxiao , Guan Zheng , Wu Yufeng , Zhang Longfei , Huang Tianyu
Published: December 2017

Audience response is an important indicator of the quality of performing arts. Psychophysiological measurements enable researchers to perceive and understand audience response by collecting their bio-signals during a live performance. However, how the audience respond and how the performance is affected by these responses are the key elements but are hard to implement. To address this issue, we designed a brain-computer interactive system called
Brain-Adaptive Digital Performance
(
BADP
) for the measurement and analysis of audience engagement level through an interactive three-dimensional virtual theater. The BADP system monitors audience engagement in real time using electroencephalography (EEG) measurement and tries to improve it by applying content-related performing cues when the engagement level decreased.

In this article, we generate EEG-based engagement level and build thresholds to determine the decrease and re-engage moments. In the experiment, we simulated two types of theatre performance to provide participants a high-fidelity virtual environment using the BADP system. We also create content-related performing cues for each performance under three different conditions. The results of these evaluations show that our algorithm could accurately detect the engagement status and the performing cues have a positive impact on regaining audience engagement across different performance types. Our findings open new perspectives in audience-based theatre performance design.
Quantifying Collaboration with a Co-Creative Drawing Agent
Authors: Davis N. , Hsiao C. , Singh K. Y. , Lin B. , Magerko B.
Published: December 2017

This article describes a new technique for quantifying creative collaboration and applies it to the user study evaluation of a co-creative drawing agent. We present a cognitive framework called
creative sense-making
that provides a new method to visualize and quantify the interaction dynamics of creative collaboration, for example, the rhythm of interaction, style of turn taking, and the manner in which participants are mutually making sense of a situation. The creative sense-making framework includes a qualitative coding technique, interaction coding software, an analysis method, and the cognitive theory behind these applications. This framework and analysis method are applied to empirical studies of the
Drawing Apprentice
collaborative sketching system to compare human collaboration with a co-creative AI agent vs. a Wizard of Oz setup. The analysis demonstrates how the proposed technique can be used to analyze interaction data using continuous functions (e.g., integrations and moving averages) to measure and evaluate how collaborations unfold through time.
Onychomycosis Caused by Fusarium spp. in Dakar, Senegal: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Mycological Study
Authors: Diongue Khadim , Ndiaye Mouhamadou , Seck Mame Cheikh , Diallo Mamadou Alpha , Badiane Aïda Sadikh , Ndiaye Daouda
Published: December 2017

Fusarium spp. represent 9 to 44% of onychomycoses caused by fungi other than dermatophytes. This retrospective study describes 17 cases of Fusarium onychomycosis diagnosed at the Laboratory of Parasitology and Mycology of Le Dantec University Hospital in Dakar, Senegal, from 2014 to 2016. It included all patients received in the laboratory for suspicion of onychomycosis between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2016. Diagnosis was based on mycological examination including direct examination and culture. Mycological analysis was considered positive when direct examination and culture were positive after at least one repeat. Seventeen Fusarium onychomycosis cases representing 12.9% of all onychomycoses reported were diagnosed. There were 5 cases on the fingernails and 12 on the toenails in 6 males and 11 females, and the mean age was 44 years (range: 26–64). Onychomycoses were diagnosed in immunocompetent patients except in a diabetic patient. The mean duration of lesions was 4.9 years (range: 1–15), and distal subungual onychomycosis was predominant. Almost all patients were from suburban areas of Dakar region. The most frequent species isolated belong to Fusarium solani complex. Because of the risk of disseminated infection in immunocompromised patients, realization of susceptibility tests is necessary to ensure better therapeutic management.
Incidentally Discovered Extranodal Marginal Zone B-Cell Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue in the Colon
Authors: Chakinala Raja Chandra , Haq Khwaja F. , Barsa Jonathan E. , Solanki Shantanu , Chawla Lavneet , Khan Muhammad Ali , Farooq Taliya , Schorr-Lesnick Beth
Published: December 2017

We present a case of colonic mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma in a 62-year-old woman diagnosed after a positive test for fecal occult blood.