bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Increased extracellular pressure stimulates tumor proliferation by a mechanosensitive calcium channel and PKC‐β
Authors: Basson Marc D. , Zeng Bixi , Downey Christina , Sirivelu Madhu P. , Tepe Jetze J.
Published: October 2014

Large tumors exhibit high interstitial pressure heightened by growth against the constraining stroma. Such pressures could stimulate tumor proliferation via a mechanosensitive ion channel. We studied the effects of 0–80 mmHg increased extracellular pressure for 24 h on proliferation of SW620, Caco‐2, and CT‐26 colon; MCF‐7 breast; and MLL and PC3 prostate cancer cells, and delineated its mechanism in SW620 cells with specific inhibitors and siRNA. Finally, we compared NF‐kB, phospho‐IkB and cyclin D1 immunoreactivity in the high pressure centers and low pressure peripheries of human tumors. Pressure‐stimulated proliferation in all cells. Pressure‐driven SW620 proliferation required calcium influx via the T‐type Ca2+ channel Cav3.3, which stimulated PKC‐β to invoke the IKK‐IkB–NF–kB pathway to increase proliferation and S‐phase fraction. The mitotic index and immunoreactivity of NF‐kB, phospho‐IkB, and cyclin D1 in the center of 28 large human colon, lung, and head and neck tumors exceeded that in tumor peripheries. Extracellular pressure increases [Ca2+]i via Cav3.3, driving a PKC‐β‐ IKK‐ IkB–NF–kB pathway that stimulates cancer cell proliferation. Rapid proliferation in large stiff tumors may increase intratumoral pressure, activating this pathway to stimulate further proliferation in a feedback cycle that potentiates tumor growth. Targeting this pathway may inhibit proliferation in large unresectable tumors.
Determinants of foreign direct investment and entry modes of Polish multinational enterprises: A new perspective on internationalization
Authors: Kowalewski Oskar , Radło Mariusz-Jan
Published: October 2014

This study uses firm data to examine the locational trends of foreign direct investment projects undertaken by Polish companies. The findings of the study are consistent with the evolutionary models of internationalization. Companies in the early stages of internationalization are motivated by markets and resource seeking, whereas efficiency seeking and strategic asset seeking are significant motivators in the advanced stages of internationalization. However, our results with respect to Polish cross-border acquisitions by service companies and greenfield foreign direct investments by industrial or manufacturing companies did not confirm the evolutionary model findings. We found evidence that, in both cases, investments are motivated by the need for efficiency or strategic assets.
CHAIN CONDITIONS OF PRODUCTS, AND WEAKLY COMPACT CARDINALS
Authors: RINOT ASSAF
Published: October 2014

The history of productivity of theκ-chain condition in partial orders, topological spaces, or Boolean algebras is surveyed, and its connection to the set-theoretic notion of a weakly compact cardinal is highlighted. Then, it is proved that for every regular cardinal$\kappa > \aleph _1 {\rm{,}}$the principle □(k) is equivalent to the existence of a certain strong coloring$c\,:\,[k]^2 \, \to $kfor which the family of fibers${\cal T}\left( c \right)$is a nonspecialκ-Aronszajn tree.

The theorem follows from an analysis of a new characteristic function for walks on ordinals, and implies in particular that if theκ-chain condition is productive for a given regular cardinal$\kappa > \aleph _1 {\rm{,}}$thenκis weakly compact in some inner model of ZFC. This provides a partial converse to the fact that ifκis a weakly compact cardinal, then theκ-chain condition is productive.
COMPUTABLE ABELIAN GROUPS
Authors: MELNIKOV ALEXANDER G.
Published: October 2014

We provide an introduction to methods and recent results on infinitely generated abelian groups with decidable word problem.
Resilience—Rhetoric to Reality: A Systematic Review of Intervention Studies After Disasters
Authors: van Kessel Gisela , MacDougall Colin , Gibbs Lisa
Published: October 2014

Objective

This report aimed to examine the literature regarding evidence about community-based interventions that use the concept of resilience to increase positive health outcomes after disaster.

Methods

A search was conducted of databases; gray literature, public health journals, and available key journals focused on disaster, emergency, and trauma from inception to December 2013. Excluded were non-English publications, only about children or adolescents, or a commentary or theoretical discussion on resilience.

Results

From a total of 1880 records, excluding duplicates, 8 studies were found. Exclusions included participants younger than age 18 years (n=74), non-English (n=40), nonempirical (n=265), not referring to disaster (n=188), not a public health intervention (n=319), and not related to an intervention targeting resilience (n=890).

Conclusions

This systematic review highlighted a gap in the evidence relating to interventions targeting the resilience of adults who have experienced a disaster. The results were mixed in relation to information provision but promising for strategies that promote social interactions or develop community competence. Future studies could explore the ability of interventions to build the intrinsic capacity of a system, community, or society at risk of a disaster to adapt and survive. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness.2014;0:1-9)
Triage Management, Survival, and the Law in the Age of Ebola
Authors: Burkle Frederick M , Burkle Christopher M
Published: October 2014

Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Guinea lack the public health infrastructure, economic stability, and overall governance to stem the spread of Ebola. Even with robust outside assistance, the epidemiological data have not improved. Vital resource management is haphazard and left to the discretion of individual Ebola treatment units. Only recently has the International Health Regulations (IHR) and World Health Organization (WHO) declared Ebola a Public Health Emergency of International Concern, making this crisis their fifth ongoing level 3 emergency. In particular, the WHO has been severely compromised by post-2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) staffing, budget cuts, a weakened IHR treaty, and no unambiguous legal mandate. Population-based triage management under a central authority is indicated to control the transmission and ensure fair and decisive resource allocation across all triage categories. The shared responsibilities critical to global health solutions must be realized and the rightful attention, sustained resources, and properly placed legal authority be assured within the WHO, the IHR, and the vulnerable nations. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2014;0:1-6)
/s/-Lenition and the Preservation of Plurality in Modern Occitan
Authors: MacKenzie Laurel
Published: October 2014

This paper examines the variable weakening and deletion of /s/ in the Languedocian variety of Modern Occitan, with particular attention to how it has affected the system of plural marking in noun phrases. Using data from linguistic atlases, I demonstrate that /s/-lenition in this variety involves a stage of vocalization to [j]. I find that, where /s/ on the definite article has vocalized to [j], the immediately-preceding vowel of the definite article has undergone concomitant raising to [e]. This raising appears to preserve the difference between singular and plural despite the plural’s weakening /s/. I argue that these results support Labov’s (1994) hypothesis that the meaning of a weakening element may be transferred to a stable, co-occurrent one.
Dialect perceptions in real time: A restudy of Miami-Cuban perceptions
Authors: Alfaraz Gabriela G.
Published: October 2014

Perceptual dialectology investigates nonlinguists’ beliefs about their own and other varieties. This paper fills a gap in longitudinal research in this area with a restudy of the perceptions of Miami Cubans carried out twelve years after the first study. Perceptions are examined in relation to social and demographic changes with a sample of 84 participants of Cuban origin who responded to a questionnaire about the correctness of regional varieties of Spanish. The results showed that perceptions of non-Cuban varieties remained relatively stable over time, continuing to correlate with race and poverty. Perceptions toward the Cuban Spanish of the Miami community were also stable and, as in the earlier study, were highly positive, reflecting strong beliefs in its correctness-status. In contrast, perceptions of Cuban Spanish on the island were significantly more negative; it was ranked the least correct of the regional varieties evaluated. Factors underlying perceptions are examined in relation to demographic changes, political ideology, and beliefs about race and poverty. This paper highlights the contribution of the longitudinal study of dialect perceptions to the understanding of language attitudes, intergroup relations, and language change.
New symbiotic associations of hyperiid amphipods (Peracarida) with gelatinous zooplankton in deep waters off California
Authors: Gasca Rebeca , Hoover Rebecca , Haddock Steven H.D.
Published: October 2014

Hyperiid amphipods are holoplanktonic marine crustaceans that are known as temporary symbionts of different groups of gelatinous zooplankton. The nature and dynamics of these associations are still poorly understood, particularly in deep waters. The mesopelagic and deep-living planktonic fauna off Monterey Bay, California (down to 4000 m) was surveyed using a remotely operated submersible (ROV) and blue-water diving (BWD) between September 2005 and January 2008. In this work we report our observations on a total of 51 symbiotic associations observedin situ(not from zooplankton samples), between hyperiid amphipods and various taxa of gelatinous zooplankton. We present the first information on the symbiotic relations of the hyperiidVibilia caeca, and we provide data of 34 previously unknown symbiotic associations. The host range was expanded for several widely distributed hyperiid species. These findings suggest that the symbiotic associations between hyperiid amphipods and gelatinous zooplankton in deep waters deserve further study worldwide.
Differential survival among Tahitian tree snails during a mass extinction event: persistence of the rare and fecund
Authors: Bick C.S. , Foighil Diarmaid Ó , Coote Trevor
Published: October 2014

The deliberate introduction of the rosy wolf snailEuglandina roseato the Society Islands in the 1970s led to the mass extirpation of its rich Partulidae (Pilsbry, 1900) fauna, comprising approximately half of all species in this Pacific island tree snail family. On Tahiti ongoing field surveys have documented the survival of two of seven endemic species ofPartula(P. hyalinaand/orP. clara) in 38 valleys.E. roseais now a potent extinction agent across Oceania and determining the factors enabling these two taxa to endure may have wide conservation import. We hypothesized thatP. hyalinaandP. clarahave survived because they were the most abundant and/or widespread species and that they will eventually become extinct. We lack demographic data contemporaneous with predator introduction, but an early 20th century study by H.E. Crampton provides historical demographic data for intact Tahitian partulid populations. Crampton found thatP. claraandP. hyalina, although widespread, were consistently rarer than their now-extirpated congeners, including in the 23 valleys he surveyed that retain surviving populations. Given this result, and the recent finding thatP. claraandP. hyalinacomprise a discrete founding lineage in Tahiti, it is plausible that some shared biological attribute(s) may have contributed to their survival. Crampton recorded the clutch sizes of thousands of gravid Tahitian partulids and found that these two taxa had higher instantaneous mean clutch sizes than did co-occurring congeners. Higher fecundities may have contributed to the survival ofP. hyalinaandP. clarain the valleys of Tahiti.
Congenitally palliated scimitar syndrome
Authors: Cantinotti Massimiliano , Giordano Raffaele , Spadoni Isabella
Published: October 2014

We present a rare case of scimitar syndrome in which the scimitar vessel, collecting all the right pulmonary veins, was stenotic at its junction, with the inferior caval vein and two anomalous vessels, connecting to the same venous collector, draining most of the flow to the left atrium.

We arbitrarily defined this rare anatomical variant as a congenitally palliated scimitar syndrome.
Teleneuropsychology: Evidence for Video Teleconference-Based Neuropsychological Assessment
Authors: Munro Cullum C. , Hynan L.S. , Grosch M. , Parikh M. , Weiner M.F.
Published: October 2014

The use of videoconference technology to deliver health care diagnostics and treatment continues to grow at a rapid pace. Telepsychiatry and telepsychology applications are well-accepted by patients and providers, and both diagnostic and treatment outcomes have generally been similar to traditional face-to-face interactions. Preliminary applications of videoconference-based neuropsychological assessment (teleneuropsychology) have yielded promising results in the feasibility and reliability of several standard tests, although large-scale studies are lacking. This investigation was conducted to determine the reliability of video teleconference (VTC) - based neuropsychological assessment using a brief battery of standard neuropsychological tests commonly used in the evaluation of known or suspected dementia. Tests included the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised, Digit Span forward and backward, short form Boston Naming Test, Letter and Category Fluency, and Clock Drawing. Tests were administered via VTC and in-person to subjects, counterbalanced using alternate test forms and standard instructions. Two hundred two adult subjects were tested in both rural and urban settings, including 83 with cognitive impairment and 119 healthy controls. We found highly similar results across VTC and in-person conditions, with significant intraclass correlations (mean=.74; range: 0.55–0.91) between test scores. Findings remained consistent in subjects with or without cognitive impairment and in persons with MMSE scores as low as 15. VTC-based neuropsychological testing is a valid and reliable alternative to traditional face-to-face assessment using selected measures. More VTC-based studies using additional tests in different populations are needed to fully explore the utility of this new testing medium. (JINS, 2014, 20, 1–6)
Empowering the Physical and Political Self: Women and the Practice of Self-Defense, 1890–1920
Authors: Rouse Wendy , Slutsky Beth
Published: October 2014

First-wave feminists in the Progressive Era found ways to make the political physical by empowering their bodies. As the women's suffrage movement gained momentum, advocates for women's self-defense training in England and in the United States insisted that all women were physically capable of defending themselves and should learn self-defense not only to protect themselves physically but to empower themselves psychologically and politically for the battles they would face in both the public and private spheres. Militant suffragettes used their bodies to convey discontent and resist oppression through marches, pickets, and hunger strikes. Yet, and perhaps more importantly, even average women, with no direct association with suffrage organizations, expressed a newfound sense of empowerment through physical training in boxing, wrestling, and jiu-jitsu.1This paper considers the ways in which women during the first wave of feminism empowered their bodies to fight assault, sexism, and disfranchisement through their training in the “manly art” of self-defense. Although not all women who embraced physical training and martial arts had explicit or implicit political motives, women's self-defense figuratively and literally challenged the power structure that prevented them from exercising their full rights as citizens and human beings.
“This Social Mother in Whose Household We All Live”: Berkeley Mayor J. Stitt Wilson's Early Twentieth-Century Socialist Feminism
Authors: Barton Stephen E.
Published: October 2014

J. Stitt Wilson, mayor of Berkeley from 1911 to 1913, supported women's suffrage because he believed it would lead to a revaluation of the feminine and maternal values of cooperation and care and, along with the labor movement, provide the basis for creation of a socialist society that would embody the true values of Christianity. A rare example of a male activist and intellectual for whom women's equality was fundamental to his beliefs rather than auxiliary to them, Wilson drew his views from a mixture of Social Gospel; the labor movement; feminism; and socialism, particularly the maternalist socialism developed in parts of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union and the settlement house movement. Perhaps his most intellectually creative moment came when he applied Henry George's analysis of urban land values to a socialist and feminist vision of the city as a “social mother.” His election and work as mayor illustrate the overlap between the urban socialist and progressive social reform programs, while his failure to win any further elections reflects the divisions between them over the nature of capitalism.
Trait Versus State
Authors: Radtke Theda , Inauen Jennifer , Rennie Laura , Orbell Sheina , Scholz Urte
Published: October 2014

Compensatory health beliefs (CHBs)–beliefs that an unhealthy behavior can be compensated for by a healthy behavior–can be distinguished into trait and state beliefs. Trait CHBs are stable individual differences, whereas state CHBs are activated in a tempting situation–for example, when faced with an attractive snack. The aim of this study was to test whether diet-specific trait or state CHBs are predictive for an unhealthy behavior–namely, high-calorie snack consumption. A scenario was created in which 66 women aged 16 to 50 were faced with a high-calorie snack. Diet-specific trait and state CHBs correlated moderately with each other. Regression analyses revealed that diet-specific trait CHBs with exercise as the compensatory behavior were significantly predictive for high-calorie snack consumption, over and above control variables such as age, whereas state CHBs were only marginally significant. Diet-specific trait and state CHBs with reduced intake (eat less later) as the compensatory behavior were not related to high-calorie snack consumption. Results showed that trait CHBs are relevant for the prediction of high-calorie snack consumption. Future studies might want to further refine the measurement of CHBs, especially state CHBs.
The Need to Belong and the Relationship Between Loneliness and Health
Authors: Hartung Freda-Marie , Renner Britta
Published: October 2014

Humans are social animals; consequently, a lack of social ties affects individuals’ health negatively. However, the desire to belong differs between individuals, raising the question of whether individual differences in the need to belong moderate the impact of perceived social isolation on health. In the present study, 77 first-year university students rated their loneliness and health every 6 weeks for 18 weeks. Individual differences in the need to belong were found to moderate the relationship between loneliness and current health state. Specifically, lonely students with a high need to belong reported more days of illness than those with a low need to belong. In contrast, the strength of the need to belong had no effect on students who did not feel lonely. Thus, people who have a strong need to belong appear to suffer from loneliness and become ill more often, whereas people with a weak need to belong appear to stand loneliness better and are comparatively healthy. The study implies that social isolation does not impact all individuals identically; instead, the fit between the social situation and an individual’s need appears to be crucial for an individual’s functioning.
Unfolding the secrets of coral–algal symbiosis
Authors: Rosic Nedeljka , Ling Edmund Yew Siang , Chan Chon-Kit Kenneth , Lee Hong Ching , Kaniewska Paulina , Edwards David , Dove Sophie , Hoegh-Guldberg Ove
Published: October 2014

Dinoflagellates from the genus Symbiodinium form a mutualistic symbiotic relationship with reef-building corals. Here we applied massively parallel Illumina sequencing to assess genetic similarity and diversity among four phylogenetically diverse dinoflagellate clades (A, B, C and D) that are commonly associated with corals. We obtained more than 30 000 predicted genes for each Symbiodinium clade, with a majority of the aligned transcripts corresponding to sequence data sets of symbiotic dinoflagellates and <2% of sequences having bacterial or other foreign origin. We report 1053 genes, orthologous among four Symbiodinium clades, that share a high level of sequence identity to known proteins from the SwissProt (SP) database. Approximately 80% of the transcripts aligning to the 1053 SP genes were unique to Symbiodinium species and did not align to other dinoflagellates and unrelated eukaryotic transcriptomes/genomes. Six pathways were common to all four Symbiodinium clades including the phosphatidylinositol signaling system and inositol phosphate metabolism pathways. The list of Symbiodinium transcripts common to all four clades included conserved genes such as heat shock proteins (Hsp70 and Hsp90), calmodulin, actin and tubulin, several ribosomal, photosynthetic and cytochrome genes and chloroplast-based heme-containing cytochrome P450, involved in the biosynthesis of xanthophylls. Antioxidant genes, which are important in stress responses, were also preserved, as were a number of calcium-dependent and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases that may play a role in the establishment of symbiosis. Our findings disclose new knowledge about the genetic uniqueness of symbiotic dinoflagellates and provide a list of homologous genes important for the foundation of coral–algal symbiosis.
Phylogenetic and environmental diversity of DsrAB-type dissimilatory (bi)sulfite reductases
Authors: Müller Albert Leopold , Kjeldsen Kasper Urup , Rattei Thomas , Pester Michael , Loy Alexander
Published: October 2014

The energy metabolism of essential microbial guilds in the biogeochemical sulfur cycle is based on a DsrAB-type dissimilatory (bi)sulfite reductase that either catalyzes the reduction of sulfite to sulfide during anaerobic respiration of sulfate, sulfite and organosulfonates, or acts in reverse during sulfur oxidation. Common use of dsrAB as a functional marker showed that dsrAB richness in many environments is dominated by novel sequence variants and collectively represents an extensive, largely uncharted sequence assemblage. Here, we established a comprehensive, manually curated dsrAB/DsrAB database and used it to categorize the known dsrAB diversity, reanalyze the evolutionary history of dsrAB and evaluate the coverage of published dsrAB-targeted primers. Based on a DsrAB consensus phylogeny, we introduce an operational classification system for environmental dsrAB sequences that integrates established taxonomic groups with operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at multiple phylogenetic levels, ranging from DsrAB enzyme families that reflect reductive or oxidative DsrAB types of bacterial or archaeal origin, superclusters, uncultured family-level lineages to species-level OTUs. Environmental dsrAB sequences constituted at least 13 stable family-level lineages without any cultivated representatives, suggesting that major taxa of sulfite/sulfate-reducing microorganisms have not yet been identified. Three of these uncultured lineages occur mainly in marine environments, while specific habitat preferences are not evident for members of the other 10 uncultured lineages. In summary, our publically available dsrAB/DsrAB database, the phylogenetic framework, the multilevel classification system and a set of recommended primers provide a necessary foundation for large-scale dsrAB ecology studies with next-generation sequencing methods.
Calciphytoliths (calcium oxalate crystals) analysis for the identification of decayed tea plants (Camellia sinensis L.)
Authors: Zhang Jianping , Lu Houyuan , Huang Linpei
Published: October 2014

The history of tea is poorly known, mainly due to the questionable identification of decayed tea plants in archaeological samples. This paper attempts to test the utility of calciphytoliths (calcium oxalate crystals) for the identification of tea in archaeological samples. It provides the first survey of the macropatterns of calciphytoliths in several species of Theaceae and common non-Theaceae plants. Crystals were extracted from 45 samples of tea, Theaceae and common non-Theaceae plants and detected microscopically between crossed polarizers. In tea plants, druse and trichome base are the most distinctive crystals. Druses have the smallest diameter (11.65 ± 3.64 μm) and trichome bases have four distinctive straight and regular cracks, similar to a regular extinction cross. The results provide morphological criteria for distinguishing tea from other plants, specifically the presence of identifiable druses together with calcified trichome bases. The implications are significant for understanding the history of tea and plant exploitation, especially for plants for which the preservation of macrofossils is poor.
Thermal Assisted Oxygen Annealing for High Efficiency Planar CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Ren Zhiwei , Ng Annie , Shen Qian , Gokkaya Huseyin Cem , Wang Jingchuan , Yang Lijun , Yiu Wai-Kin , Bai Gongxun , Djurišić Aleksandra B. , Leung Wallace Woon-fong , Hao Jianhua , Chan Wai Kin , Surya Charles
Published: October 2014

We report investigations on the influences of post-deposition treatments on the performance of solution-processed methylammonium lead triiodide (CH3NH3PbI3)-based planar solar cells. The prepared films were stored in pure N2 at room temperature or annealed in pure O2 at room temperature, 45°C, 65°C and 85°C for 12 hours prior to the deposition of the metal electrodes. It is found that annealing in O2 leads to substantial increase in the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of the devices. Furthermore, strong dependence on the annealing temperature for the PCEs of the devices suggests that a thermally activated process may underlie the observed phenomenon. It is believed that the annealing process may facilitate the diffusion of O2 into the spiro-MeOTAD for inducing p-doping of the hole transport material. Furthermore, the process can result in lowering the localized state density at the grain boundaries as well as the bulk of perovskite. Utilizing thermal assisted O2 annealing, high efficiency devices with good reproducibility were attained. A PCE of 15.4% with an open circuit voltage (VOC) 1.04 V, short circuit current density (JSC) 23 mA/cm2 and fill factor 0.64 had been achieved for our champion device.
A novel approach for encapsulating cells into monodisperse picolitre droplets actuated by microfluidic pulse inertia force
Authors: Wang Hongcheng , Zhang Weiyi , Dai Zhendong
Published: October 2014

This paper presents a novel approach for encapsulating cells into droplets actuated by microfluidic pulse inertia force.
SnSe alloy as a promising anode material for Na-ion batteries
Authors: Kim Youngjin , Kim Yongil , Park Yuwon , Jo Yong Nam , Kim Young-Jun , Choi Nam-Soon , Lee Kyu Tae
Published: October 2014

SnSe alloy is examined for the first time as an anode for Na-ion batteries, and shows excellent electrochemical performance.
Exceptionally strong hydrogels through self-assembly of an indole-capped dipeptide
Authors: Martin Adam D. , Robinson Andrew B. , Mason Alexander F. , Wojciechowski Jonathan P. , Thordarson Pall
Published: October 2014

A dipeptide bearing an indole capping group forms exceptionally strong, hydrogels, with a storage modulus of ∼0.3 MPa. these hydrogels exhibit a minimal fibre-branching, with strong lateral association of fibrils.
Strong 31P nuclear spin hyperpolarization produced via reversible chemical interaction with parahydrogen
Authors: Zhivonitko Vladimir V. , Skovpin Ivan V. , Koptyug Igor V.
Published: October 2014

The reversible interaction of the (PPh3)3Ir(H2)Cl complex with parahydrogen led to strong 31P nuclear hyperpolarization of free and bound PPh3 species, which was employed to perform single-shot 31P MRI.
Structure-directing factors when introducing hydrogen bond functionality to metal–organic frameworks
Authors: Forgan Ross S. , Marshall Ross J. , Struckmann Mona , Bleine Aurore B. , Long De-Liang , Bernini María C. , Fairen-Jimenez David
Published: October 2014

Introduction of functional groups into an isoreticular series of MOFs may be complicated by noncovalent interactions between interpenetrated nets inducing differing topologies.
Spectroscopic characterization of the interaction of lithium with thin films of the ionic liquid 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide
Authors: Olschewski Mark , Gustus René , Marschewski Marcel , Höfft Oliver , Endres Frank
Published: October 2014

In this experimental investigation lithium and [OMIm]Tf2N were evaporated in thin films on a copper substrate and reaction products were analyzed by XPS and UPS.
Bimolecular photoinduced electron transfer reactions in liquids under the gaze of ultrafast spectroscopy
Authors: Rosspeintner Arnulf , Vauthey Eric
Published: October 2014

This perspective highlights the recent progress in our understanding of bimolecular photoinduced electron transfer processes that could be achieved thanks to ultrafast spectroscopy.
Covalent lanthanide(iii) macrocyclic complexes: the bonding nature and optical properties of a promising single antenna molecule
Authors: Rabanal-León Walter A. , Páez-Hernández Dayán , Arratia-Pérez Ramiro
Published: October 2014

The present work is focused on the elucidation of the electronic structure, bonding and optical properties of a series of coordination compounds of type [LnIIIHAM]3+, where “LnIII” are the trivalent lanthanide ions: La3+, Ce3+, Eu3+ and Lu3+, while “HAM” is the neutral six-nitrogen macrocyclic ligand [C22N6H26].
Ultrafast photoinduced charge transport in Pt(ii) donor–acceptor assembly bearing naphthalimide electron acceptor and phenothiazine electron donor
Authors: Sazanovich Igor V. , Best Jonathan , Scattergood Paul A. , Towrie Michael , Tikhomirov Sergei A. , Bouganov Oleg V. , Meijer Anthony J. H. M. , Weinstein Julia A.
Published: October 2014

The Pt(ii)-based molecular triad engages in step-wise photoinduced charge-separation; the charge recombination occurs through-space via two distinct pathways.
A full picture of enzymatic catalysis by hydroxynitrile lyases from Hevea brasiliensis: protonation dependent reaction steps and residue-gated movement of the substrate and the product
Authors: Zhao Yuan , Chen Nanhao , Mo Yirong , Cao Zexing
Published: October 2014

Hydroxynitrile lyases (HNLs) defend plants from herbivores and microbial attack by releasing cyanide from hydroxynitriles.
Multi-responsive cellulose nanocrystal–rhodamine conjugates: an advanced structure study by solid-state dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) NMR
Authors: Zhao Li , Li Wei , Plog Andreas , Xu Yeping , Buntkowsky Gerd , Gutmann Torsten , Zhang Kai
Published: October 2014

Monitoring stimuli-responsive cellulose nanocrystals with surface-attached rhodamine spiroamide of low amount using DNP-enhanced ssNMR spectroscopy.
Zeolite-like metal–organic frameworks (ZMOFs): design, synthesis, and properties
Authors: Eddaoudi Mohamed , Sava Dorina F. , Eubank Jarrod F. , Adil Karim , Guillerm Vincent
Published: October 2014

Illustration of various strategies for the construction of zeolite-like metal–organic frameworks (ZMOFs) based on vertex decoration and/or edge-expansion.
Facilely synthesized benzotriazole phenolate zirconium complexes as versatile catalysts for copolymerization of carbon dioxide with cyclohexene oxide and lactide polymerization
Authors: Chuang Hui-Ju , Ko Bao-Tsan
Published: October 2014

New zirconium complexes bearing benzotriazole phenolate ligands were demonstrated to be versatile catalysts for CO2/CHO copolymerization and lactide polymerization.
BaMn9II(VO4)6(OH)2: a homospin ferrimagnet with a broken spinel-lattice of B-sites
Authors: Guo Wenbin , He Zhangzhen , Tang Yingying , Zhang Suyun , Yang Ming , Cheng Wendan
Published: October 2014

A new homospin ferrimagnet BaMn9II(VO4)6(OH)2 exhibits a unique structural feature with a reverse triangular dipyramid Mn7 spin lattice, in which such a lattice can be considered as a broken spin lattice of B-sites in spinel compounds.
Dimethyl carbonate and switchable anionic surfactants: two effective tools for the extraction of polyhydroxyalkanoates from microbial biomass
Authors: Samorì Chiara , Basaglia Marina , Casella Sergio , Favaro Lorenzo , Galletti Paola , Giorgini Loris , Marchi Davide , Mazzocchetti Laura , Torri Cristian , Tagliavini Emilio
Published: October 2014

DMC and SAS successfully extracted PHAs from bacteria. Polymer recovery and chemical recycling were excellent, the use of toxic compounds was avoided.
Cancer stem cells: small subpopulation or evolving fraction?
Authors: Enderling Heiko
Published: October 2014

This review discusses quantitative modeling studies of stem and non-stem cancer cell interactions and the fraction of cancer stem cells.
Tough hyperbranched epoxy/neem-oil-modified OMMT thermosetting nanocomposite with an antimicrobial attribute
Authors: De Bibekananda , Gupta Kuldeep , Mandal Manabendra , Karak Niranjan
Published: October 2014

In the present study, a high performance, tough, antimicrobial, hyperbranched epoxy nanocomposite is fabricated by the incorporation of neem oil-immobilized organo-modified montmorillonite nanoclay.
Synthetic chemistry fuels interdisciplinary approaches to the production of artemisinin
Authors: Corsello Michael A. , Garg Neil K.
Published: October 2014

In the developing world, multi-drug resistant malaria is an epidemic that claims the lives of 1–3 million people per year. Artemisinin, a naturally occurring small molecule, is a valuable weapon in the fight against this disease. This review highlights interdisciplinary efforts to access artemisinin, with an emphasis on the key role of synthetic chemistry.
Exploiting the narrow gap of rearrangement between the substituents in the vicinal disubstitution reactions of diaryliodonium salts with pyridine N-sulfonamidates
Authors: Wang Yong , Li Ming , Wen Lirong , Jing Peng , Su Xiang , Chen Chao
Published: October 2014

The vicinal disubstitution reactions of diaryliodonium salts with pyridine N-sulfonamidates were studied fully to give o-pyridinium anilines.
Naphthalene diimides as red fluorescent pH sensors for functional cell imaging
Authors: Doria Filippo , Folini Marco , Grande Vincenzo , Cimino-Reale Graziella , Zaffaroni Nadia , Freccero Mauro
Published: October 2014

Water-soluble naphthalene diimides have been designed and synthesized as cell permeable pH “turned-on” fluorescent sensors for cellular applications.
Upgrading a microplate reader for photobiology and all-optical experiments
Authors: Richter Florian , Scheib Ulrike S. , Mehlhorn Jennifer , Schubert Roman , Wietek Jonas , Gernetzki Oliver , Hegemann Peter , Mathes Tilo , Möglich Andreas
Published: October 2014

Automation can vastly reduce the cost of experimental labor and thus facilitate high experimental throughput, but little off-the-shelf hardware for the automation of illumination experiments is commercially available. Here, we use inexpensive open-source electronics to add programmable illumination capabilities to a multimode microplate reader. We deploy this setup to characterize light-triggered phenomena in three different sensory photoreceptors. First, we study the photoactivation of Arabidopsis thaliana phytochrome B by light of different wavelengths. Second, we investigate the dark-state recovery kinetics of the Synechocystis sp. blue-light sensor Slr1694 at multiple temperatures and imidazole concentrations; while the kinetics of the W91F mutant of Slr1694 are strongly accelerated by imidazole, the wild-type protein is hardly affected. Third, we determine the light response of the Beggiatoa sp. photoactivatable adenylate cyclase bPAC in Chinese hamster ovary cells. bPAC is activated by blue light in dose-dependent manner with a half-maximal intensity of 0.58 mW cm−2; intracellular cAMP spikes generated upon bPAC activation decay with a half time of about 5 minutes after light switch-off. Taken together, we present a setup which is easily assembled and which thus offers a facile approach to conducting illumination experiments at high throughput, reproducibility and fidelity.
Improvement of wood properties by impregnation with TiO2via ultrasonic-assisted sol–gel process
Authors: Wang Bailing , Feng Miao , Zhan Hongbing
Published: October 2014

Wood with improved properties was successfully prepared by impregnation with TiO2viaultrasonic-assisted sol–gel method which is an innovative, simple, and time-saving technology.
Synthesis and electrochemical properties of graphene oxide/manganese oxide/polyaniline and its reduced composites
Authors: Huang Wenjing , Yao Tianyuan , Hao Qingli , Wang Wenjuan , Xia Xifeng , Wang Xin
Published: October 2014

Graphene oxide/manganese oxide/polyaniline ternary composite and its reduced composites (RGOM) were synthesized. RGOM5 with rough and sheathed structure shows excellent electrochemical properties.
Synthesis of fully-substituted pyridines and dihydropyridines in a highly chemoselective manner utilizing a multicomponent reaction (MCR) strategy
Authors: Sarkar Satavisha , Das Deb K. , Khan Abu T.
Published: October 2014

An efficient protocol has been developed for the synthesis of pyridines and 1,4-dihydropyridines based on chemoselective multicomponent reactions.
Agarose–guar gum assisted synthesis of processable polyaniline composite: morphology and electro-responsive characteristics
Authors: Vaghela Chetana , Kulkarni Mohan , Karve Meena , Aiyer Rohini , Haram Santosh
Published: October 2014

An electroactive, electroconducting, processable polyaniline composite is developed via agarose–guar gum assisted polymerization.
Control of cholesterol homeostasis by entero-hepatic bile transport – the role of feedback mechanisms
Authors: Mishra Shekhar , Somvanshi Pramod R. , Venkatesh K. V.
Published: October 2014

Cholesterol homeostasis is achieved through a tight regulation between synthesis, dietary absorption, utilization of bile salts, and excretion in the entero-hepatic compartment.
Interaction of graphene oxide with human serum albumin and its mechanism
Authors: Ding Zhijia , Ma Hongwei , Chen Yanyan
Published: October 2014

We show that GONS inhibit HSA functionviatwo routes: blocking protein active sites, or destroying protein structure.
A highly selective turn-on fluorescent probe based on semi-cyanine for the detection of nitroreductase and hypoxic tumor cell imaging
Authors: Yuan Jun , Xu Yu-Qiong , Zhou Nan-Nan , Wang Rui , Qian Xu-Hong , Xu Yu-Fang
Published: October 2014

A selective turn-on fluorescent probe based on semi-cyanine for the detection of nitroreductase (NTR) and hypoxia was designed and synthesized.
Highly-active direct Z-scheme Si/TiO2 photocatalyst for boosted CO2 reduction into value-added methanol
Authors: Liu Yousong , Ji Guangbin , Dastageer Mohammed Abdulkader , Zhu Lei , Wang Junyi , Zhang Bin , Chang Xiaofeng , Gondal Mohammed Ashraf
Published: October 2014

Si/TiO2 heterojunction photocatalyst was synthesized via a facile hydrothermal reaction and exhibits high photocatalytic activity towards conversion of CO2 to methanol.
Asymmetric allylation of sulfonyl imines catalyzed by in situ generated Cu(ii) complexes of chiral amino alcohol based Schiff bases
Authors: Ghosh Debashis , Bera Prasanta Kumar , Kumar Manish , Abdi Sayed H. R. , Khan Noor-ul H. , Kureshy Rukhsana I. , Bajaj Hari C.
Published: October 2014

We have developed a catalytic route for enantioselective synthesis of homoallyl amines through Cu(ii)-Schiff base catalyzed allylation of aryl N-sulfonylimines.
Effect of alkaline electrolytes on the charge storage capacity and morphology of porous layered double cobalt hydroxide-coated graphene supercapacitor electrodes
Authors: Suksomboon Montakan , Srimuk Patarachai , Krittayavathananon Atiweena , Luanwuthi Santamon , Sawangphruk Montree
Published: October 2014

The concentrated alkaline electrolytes (i.e., 3–6 M [OH−]) can strip off and/or deform the porous structure of α-Co(OH)2deposited on reduced graphene oxide/carbon fiber paper leading to poor charge storage capacity.
Controlled synthesis and characterization of poly[methyl(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)siloxane] with selective end groups
Authors: Fei Hua-Feng , Xie Wenchun , Wang Qian , Gao Xiyin , Hu Tao , Zhang Zhijie , Xie Zemin
Published: October 2014

Controlled polymerization method to synthesize poly[methyl(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)siloxane] with narrow molar mass distribution, broad “termination window”, selective end groups and quantitative transformation.
Comprehensive strategy to design highly ordered mesoporous Nafion membranes for fuel cells under low humidity conditions
Authors: Zhang Jin , Li Junrui , Tang Haolin , Pan Mu , Jiang San Ping
Published: October 2014

Highly-ordered mesoporous-structured Nafion membranes are synthesized by a new soft template method assisted with silica colloidal mediator for fuel cells.
A comprehensive study on the effect of preparation methods for Au-core@shell silica materials in room temperature oxidative amide formation
Authors: Huang Jiale , Zhang Mingyu , Wang Jing , Hu Xijun , Luque Rafael , Lam Frank L. Y.
Published: October 2014

Core–shell silica comprising mesoporous SiO2 shell and solid SiO2 core (SiO2@mSiO2) was utilized as catalytic support to prepare highly active and efficient Au–SiO2@mSiO2 catalysts for room temperature catalysis.
Polyimide nanocomposites with boron nitride-coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes for enhanced thermal conductivity and electrical insulation
Authors: Yan Wei , Zhang Yi , Sun Huawei , Liu Siwei , Chi Zhenguo , Chen Xudong , Xu Jiarui
Published: October 2014

Polyimide nanocomposites with boron nitride-coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (BN-c-MWCNTs) were successfully prepared with enhanced thermal conductivity and electrical insulation.
A facile approach to fabricate a UV/heat dual-responsive triple shape memory polymer
Authors: Wu Y. , Hu J. , Zhang C. , Han J. , Wang Y. , Kumar B.
Published: October 2014

In the present work, a facile approach was employed to fabricate a UV/heat dual-responsive triple shape memory polymer (SMP) by simply mixing Zn(Mebip)2(NTf2)2, a metallosupramolecular unit formed by coordinating 2,6-bis(N-methyl-benzimidazolyl)-pyridine (Mebip) ligands to zinc di[bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-imide] (Zn(NTf2)2), into one part of epoxy resin.
Vertically aligned nanocomposite La0.8Sr0.2CoO3/(La0.5Sr0.5)2CoO4 cathodes – electronic structure, surface chemistry and oxygen reduction kinetics
Authors: Ma Wen , Kim Jae Jin , Tsvetkov Nikolai , Daio Takeshi , Kuru Yener , Cai Zhuhua , Chen Yan , Sasaki Kazunari , Tuller Harry L. , Yildiz Bilge
Published: October 2014

A vertically aligned nanocomposite cathode, made of La0.8Sr0.2CoO3/(La0.5Sr0.5)2CoO4, increases oxygen reduction kinetics by 10-fold and has better surface stability compared to its single phase constituents at 320–400 °C.
Optical detection of submicromolar levels of nitro explosives by a submicron sized metal–organic phosphor material
Authors: Singha Debal Kanti , Bhattacharya Saurav , Majee Prakash , Mondal Sudip Kumar , Kumar Manoranjan , Mahata Partha
Published: October 2014

Green emitting submicron sized metal–organic phosphor materials as a luminescence quenching based optical detector for explosive nitro aromatics in solution.
Highly reduced VOx nanotube cathode materials with ultra-high capacity for magnesium ion batteries
Authors: Kim Ryoung-Hee , Kim Ju-Sik , Kim Hyun-Jin , Chang Won-Seok , Han Dong-Wook , Lee Seok-Soo , Doo Seok-Gwang
Published: October 2014

The remarkable cycling performance of VOx nanotubes originates from the trivalent vanadium ions generated in the highly reduced VOx nanotubes.
Fabrication of wafer-scale free-standing quantum dot/polymer nanohybrid films for white-light-emitting diodes using an electrospray method
Authors: Hong Sung Pyo , Park Hye-Yun , Oh Ji Hye , Yang Heesun , Jang Sung-Yeon , Do Young Rag
Published: October 2014

Wafer-scale free-standing quantum dot (QD)/polymer nanohybrid (NHB) based down-conversion (DC) phosphor films for remote-type white-light-emitting diodes (W-LEDs) are developed.
Atomic layer deposition of ruthenium at 100 °C using the RuO4-precursor and H2
Authors: Minjauw Matthias M. , Dendooven Jolien , Capon Boris , Schaekers Marc , Detavernier Christophe
Published: October 2014

A novel Ru ALD process at 100 °C using the inorganic RuO4-precursor in a reduction chemistry with H2 is being reported, and a proposal for the underlying reaction mechanism is given.
Selective clustering scheme based on user equipment path and frequency reuse scheme for coordinated multi‐point joint processing
Authors: Chung Sungmoon , Jang Seokmin , Joe Inwhee
Published: October 2014

Coordinated multi‐point (CoMP) – joint processing (JP) is a technique which improves the cell edge user data rate and spectral efficiency. The practical requirements for CoMP‐JP in terms of capacity and latency constraints should be solved by considering backhaul network. The possibility of deploying CoMP‐JP in practical cellular systems strongly depends on the backhaul network capabilities. The authors propose a selective clustering scheme which is able to selectively form clusters in order to decrease the traffic load of the backhaul network for CoMP‐JP. In addition, the authors propose a new frequency reuse scheme for downlink CoMP‐JP. The authors are able to decrease intra‐cell and inter‐cell interference with our proposed frequency reuse scheme. Therefore the authors increase the spectral efficiency and SINR (signal to interference and noise ratio) performance of the system.
Multilevel bandwidth measurements and capacity exploitation in gigabit passive optical networks
Authors: Rufini Arianna , Mellia Marco , Tego Edion , Matera Francesco
Published: October 2014

The authors report an experimental investigation on the measurement of the available bandwidth for the users in gigabit passive optical networks (GPON) and the limitations caused by the Internet protocols, and transfer control protocol (TCP) in particular. We point out that the huge capacity offered by the GPON highlights the enormous differences that can be showed among the available and actually exploitable bandwidth. In fact, while the physical layer capacity can reach value of 100 Mb/s and more, the bandwidth at disposal of the user (i.e. either throughput at transport layer or goodput at application layer) can be much lower when applications and services based on TCP protocol are considered. In the context of service level agreements (SLA) verification, we show how to simultaneously measure throughput and line capacity by offering a method to verify multilayer SLA. We also show how it is possible to better exploit the physical layer capacity by adopting multiple TCP connections avoiding the bottleneck of a single connection.