bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Skincare and quality of life among older residents living in Japanese nursing homes
Authors: Nagae M. , Mitsutake T. , Sakamoto M.
Published: February 2021

This study aimed to clarify the practices of skincare such as bathing, face-washing, and using of skincare products, among older adults living in nursing homes in Japan. From July to August 2017, questionnaire surveys were mailed to 343 long-term care facilities in one prefecture in Japan, and 105 facilities returned the survey. Management policies on the use of facial skincare products was significantly associated with the number of resident/caregiver ratio. Meanwhile, residents in nursing homes with higher numbers of caregivers washed their faces and bathed at lower rates. There were no correlations between the number of resident/caregiver ratio, face-washing, and bathing times. When older residents could not independently perform their skin cleansing and care, that care is likely to happen less often. Sufficient manpower for the support of older residents’ skincare will improve the quality of life in long-term nursing facilities.
Kazališna hemeroteka – uvid u građu
Authors: Maroshi Drita
Published: February 2021

This paper aims to present the contents of the Periodical and Newspaper Library of the Croatian Academy of Sciences’ Division of the History of the Croatian Theatre from the 1921–1924, 1968– 1969, and 1989–1992 periods, i.e. on a sample of nine theatre seasons. It includes an overview of the newspapers and periodicals from which the Library’s contents originate as well as of the number of articles in each of the specified periods, i.e. theatre seasons. The research presented here encompasses 10,859 articles, which have been classified; data on the types of articles present in each period has been tabulated. Even though a comparison of results shows that the number of sources – i.e. newspapers and other periodicals from which the Library’s contents are gathered – was significantly reduced, this did not influence the larger deviations in the overall number of articles in the researched periods. The paper shows that authored articles – mostly critiques – are the predominant type in all the researched periods, offers an insight into the diversity and wealth of the Library’s contents, and refers to the differences and similarities regarding the types and prevalence of articles in the examined periods.
The “Custodial Period” of the Royal Land Archives in Zagreb Through the Activities of Ivan Bojničić and Emilij Laszowski
Authors: Stipančević Mario
Published: February 2021

The development of Croatian archival science is inextricably linked with the activities of the Royal Land Archives in Zagreb. Although the beginnings of the care of archival materials can be traced back to the middle of the 17th century, it is difficult to talk about organized and systematic protection until the end of the 19th century and the work of two prominent social officials, historians and archivists, namely Ivan Bojničić and Emilij Laszowski. Through their efforts in the next three decades, i.e. until the 1920s, the Land Archives was transformed into a significant institution with a permanent scientific journal and newly renovated spaces built according to the standards of the archival profession, for the preservation, protection and use of archives. This period, however, was also characterized by the complete absence of theoretical considerations of archival science. According to social, political and financial circumstances, it was necessary to think about the elementary preservation of archival materials to save them from complete decay. Due to all the above, the mentioned period in the development of the Zagreb Land Archives can justly be called “custodial.”
Композиционная роль диалога в книге Чернобыльская молитва
Authors: Штранц-Никитина Вероника
Published: February 2021

The paper deals with some specific features of dialogism in the book Chernobyl Prayer: A Chronicle of the Future by the Belarusian Nobel Laureate Svetlana Alexievich. As the title implies the article investigates typology of the dialogue in the text which is based on the Bakhtin’s analysis of the concept of the dialogue and polyphony. The article describes some principles of dialogism in relation to the composition of the text.
Sociálne a vzdelávacie funkcie (literárnych) naratív
Authors: Štubňa Pavol
Published: February 2021

The study deals with social and educational functions of (literary) narratives – both oral and written – in everyday life of a socially grounded individual. Narratives (or stories told or read) play an essential role in building and strengthening social bonds within a community (by spending time together, informing its members of preferred social values and behaviour patterns, etc.) The author sustains that narratives circulating within a particular community (or ethnic group, nation) should be viewed and analyzed from the perspective of cultural anthropology. As an educational tool, stories are utilized not only in families and schools, but also in penitentiary and correctional institutions or in public reading courses. The author also pays attention to particular structural components of “captivating” narratives (such as novelty, surprise, cognitive and/or emotional relevance to the reader, etc.) and so-called narrative universals – themes, types of characters, plots and settings that are common to all cultures worldwide (such as romantic love, human desires and needs, sacrifice, etc.).
Deconstruction and the Archival Revolution: on the Relevance and Reception of Archive Fever in New Media Studies
Authors: Glavaš Zvonimir
Published: February 2021

The paper focuses on the reception of Derrida’s Archive Fever among (new) media theorists and its relevance for the ongoing discussions in that academic field. Although this Derrida’s text is often described as the one in which he provides a statement on the pervasive revolutionary impact of new media, its reception among media theorists remains scarce. Several media scholars that tackle the text, however, have an ambivalent stance on it: they appreciate some of Derrida’s theses, but regard them largely obsolete. The first part of the paper analyzes these critiques and argues that many of the objections on Derrida’s behalf are caused by the misinterpretation of important features of the deconstructive thought. In its second part, the paper firstly deals with certain weaker points of Derrida’s reflection and then proceeds to examine his insights pertinent to the problems of contemporary media theory that were neglected in earlier reception. Finally, paper reaffirms the claim about the need for a more profound exchange between the deconstruction and media studies, albeit one that would avoid the examined shortcomings.
Непубликуваните фикционални текстове (Васил Попович и Асен Христофоров)
Authors: Аретов Николай
Published: February 2021

This paper deals with some texts from the archives of two authors from different periods. These texts were not published by the authors in their lifetime. The reason was not some kind of censorship, especially in the case of Vasil Popovich, who probably had some scruples dealing with events from the private life of his opponent Konstantin Jireček. Asen Hristoforov, a writer who was expelled from the University and sent to a labor camp, did not offer texts about his time in the labor camp for publishing. However, in this published texts there are hints about the repressions he suffered and about his disapproval of the communist regime. At the same time, there was a tension between his criticism and his attempt to partially accept the official perspective towards some events and political figures of Bulgarian communist past.
Академик Петър Динеков и младият полски българист Едвард Можейко (епистоларни свидетелства от 60-те години на ХХ век)
Authors: Иванова Мая
Published: February 2021

The article presents hitherto unknown letters in Polish by Edward Możejko, a Canadian scholar of Polish origin, to the Bulgarian scholar Petar Dinekov. These letters reveal the professional contacts between the two men in the 1960s when the young Możejko defends his dissertation on a topic in the field of Bulgarian studies at the Jagiellonian University and Dinekov is one of his reviewers. The letters are explored in the context of other documentary sources. The present study is part of a larger project on epistolary heritage testifying the active professional contacts of Dinekov with the Polish cultural intelligentsia.
The Hodge-FVH correspondence
Authors: Liu Si-Qi , Yang Di , Zhang Youjin , Zhou Chunhui
Published: February 2021

The Hodge-FVH correspondence establishes a relationship between the
special cubic Hodge integrals and an integrable hierarchy, which is called the
fractional Volterra hierarchy. In this paper we prove
this correspondence. As an application of this result,
we prove a gap condition for certain special cubic Hodge integrals
and give an algorithm for computing the coefficients
that appear in the gap condition.
The Property-Based Practical Applications and Solutions of Genetically Encoded Acetylcholine and Monoamine Sensors
Authors: Chen Jun , Cho Katriel E. , Skwarzynska Daria , Clancy Shaylyn , Conley Nicholas J. , Clinton Sarah M. , Li Xiaokun , Lin Li , Zhu J. Julius
Published: February 2021

Neuromodulatory communication among various neurons and non-neuronal cells mediates myriad physiological and pathologic processes, yet defining regulatory and functional features of neuromodulatory transmission remains challenging because of limitations of available monitoring tools. Recently developed genetically encoded neuromodulatory transmitter sensors, when combined with superresolution and/or deconvolution microscopy, allow the first visualization of neuromodulatory transmission with nanoscale or microscale spatiotemporal resolution.In vitroandin vivoexperiments have validated several high-performing sensors to have the qualities necessary for demarcating fundamental synaptic properties of neuromodulatory transmission, and initial analysis has unveiled unexpected fine control and precision of neuromodulation. These new findings underscore the importance of synaptic dynamics in synapse-, subcellular-, and circuit-specific neuromodulation, as well as the prospect of genetically encoded transmitter sensors in expanding our knowledge of various behaviors and diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, sleeping disorders, tumorigenesis, and many others.
Contribution of the Pulvinar and Lateral Geniculate Nucleus to the Control of Visually Guided Saccades in Blindsight Monkeys
Authors: Takakuwa Norihiro , Isa Kaoru , Onoe Hirotaka , Takahashi Jun , Isa Tadashi
Published: February 2021

After damage to the primary visual cortex (V1), conscious vision is impaired. However, some patients can respond to visual stimuli presented in their lesion-affected visual field using residual visual pathways bypassing V1. This phenomenon is called “blindsight.” Many studies have tried to identify the brain regions responsible for blindsight, and the pulvinar and/or lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) are suggested to play key roles as the thalamic relay of visual signals. However, there are critical problems regarding these preceding studies in that subjects with different sized lesions and periods of time after lesioning were investigated; furthermore, the ability of blindsight was assessed with different measures. In this study, we used double dissociation to clarify the roles of the pulvinar and LGN by pharmacological inactivation of each region and investigated the effects in a simple task with visually guided saccades (VGSs) using monkeys with a unilateral V1 lesion, by which nearly all of the contralesional visual field was affected. Inactivating either the ipsilesional pulvinar or LGN impaired VGS toward a visual stimulus in the affected field. In contrast, inactivation of the contralesional pulvinar had no clear effect, but inactivation of the contralesional LGN impaired VGS to the intact visual field. These results suggest that the pulvinar and LGN play key roles in performing the simple VGS task after V1 lesioning, and that the visuomotor functions of blindsight monkeys were supported by plastic changes in the visual pathway involving the pulvinar, which emerged after V1 lesioning.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMany studies have been devoted to understanding the mechanism of mysterious symptom called “blindsight,” in which patients with damage to the primary visual cortex (V1) can respond to visual stimuli despite loss of visual awareness. However, there is still a debate on the thalamic relay of visual signals. In this study, to pin down the issue, we tried double dissociation in the same subjects (hemi-blindsight macaque monkeys) and clarified that the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) plays a major role in simple visually guided saccades in the intact state, while both pulvinar and LGN critically contribute after the V1 lesioning, suggesting that plasticity in the visual pathway involving the pulvinar underlies the blindsight.
Professionalization and Professionalism of Teaching and Teachers in Israel
Authors:   Kibbutzim College of Education, Zuzovsky Ruth , Donitsa-Schmidt Smadar ,   Kibbutzim College of Education
Published: February 2021

The paper describes the main national-level policy actions and initiatives taken over four decades, from the 1980s to the present, to promote the professionalization of teaching in Israel and enhance the professionalism of Israeli teachers. It also includes a critical reflection on the success of these measures.
Small mammals in the diet of long-eared owl (Asio otus) in the southwest of Belarus
Authors:   Francisk Scorina Gomel State University (Gomel, Belarus), Savarin Alexandr , Kitel Denis ,   Brest Regional Branch of NGO «APB-Birdlife-Belarus» (Malaryta, Belarus)
Published: February 2021

The article discusses the species and taxonomic composition of the long-eared owl (Asio otus) preys based on the analysis of pellets (n = 209) collected in the winter-spring period in 2016 in the Malarytsky district (Lozitsa village) and the Brest region district center. The distance between Malaryta town and Lozitsa village is about 10 km. Parts of the skull of 512 small mammals (2.45 individuals per pellet) and one bird were found. Feeding on birds for the long-eared owl is episodic. Representatives of 2 orders, 10 genera and 12 species of small mammals (5 species of shrews and 7 rodents) became preys of the owl. The proportion of rodents is 98.24 % of all preys. The absolute dominant among prey species is Microtus arvalis (85.16 % of all victims), which is consistent with numerous work carried out in other regions. Significant portions are of Apodemus agrarius (4.10 %), Muscardinus avellanarius (2.54 %), Sylvaemus tauricus (1.76 %), and Alexandromys oeconomus (1.56 %). The list of preys is presented by meadow-field, synanthropic and different species actively moving from adjacent forests in the Malaryta river floodplain and canal systems (Sylvaemus tauricus, Sorex araneus, S. minutus, Neomys fodiens). The occurence of two shrew species Crocidura leucodon and C. suaveolens in the city of Malaryta has been proved, which corresponds to similar information for the city of Brest. This suggests that C. suaveolens inhabits the entire territory of the Belarusian Polesie at present. The occurence of the non-abundant species Sicista betulina in vicinities of the town of Malaryta was confirmed. The results obtained confirm the significant trophic effect of the long-eared owl on the local population of the hazel dormouse and also indicate the relatively high abundance of this rodent in the study area. Seven species were identified in pellets of the long-eared owl living near the village of Lozitsa, and 12 species of small mammals were identified in the town of Malaryta. The diversity of the landscape of the town of Malaryta determines the large number of prey species.
Islamic Work Ethic (IWE) dan Islamic Corporate Social Responsibility (ICSR) pada Bank Syariah Indonesia (2011-2019)
Authors: Mardani Dede Aji
Published: February 2021

Islamic work ethic and Islamic responsibility towards social and personal is a necessity. This responsibility is a form of statement about interpersonal and social care for the company. One of the areas studied is Islamic banking in Indonesia. The method used is through a quantitative approach through the analysis tool E Views. From the research results, it is found that so far the work ethic of Bank Syaraih employees is good and has positive values and Islamic social responsibility of Islamic Banks on financial performance does not show significant results because the test is carried out in a parsian manner, but if it is carried out simultaneously with Islamic Corporate Governance (ICG). , then the results will be significant.Keyword: Islamic work Ethic (IWE), Islamic Corporate Social Responsibility (ICSR) AbstrakEtos kerja dan Tanggung jawab Islam terhadap sosial dan personal adalah suatu keniscayaan. Tanggung jawab ini merupakan bentuk pernyataan tentang kepedulian antar personal dan sosial terhadap perusahaannya. Salah satu bidang yang diteliti adalah terhadap perbankan syariah di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif melalui pendekatan antropologi melalui alat analisanya E Views. Dari hasil penelitian didapat bahwa selama ini etos kerja pegawai Bank Syariah adalah baik dan bernilai positif dan tanggung jawab sosial Islam bank syariah terhadap kinerja keuangan tidak menunjukkan hasil yang signifikan karena pengujian yang dilakukan secara parsial, namun apabila dilakukan secara simultan dengan Islamic Corporate Governance (ICG), maka hasilnya akan signifikan.Kata Kunci: Etos Kerja Islam (IWE), tanggung Jawab Sosial Islam (ICSR)
Knowledge about oral health, salivary PH, body mass index and its relationship with dental caries in preschool children
Authors: Cayo-Rojas César Félix , Santillán-Espadín Karina del Rocío , Nicho-Valladares Miriam Kelly , Ladera-Castañeda Marysela Irene , Aliaga-Mariñas Ana Sixtina , Cervantes-Ganoza Luis Adolfo
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Dental caries is a disease caused by the interaction of several factors, including diet, since the development of the biological environment that promotes cariogenic bacterial metabolism often depends on it. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of caries in preschool children from Huaura, Peru, and to confirm if there is an association between their salivary pH and body mass index (BMI) and the level of knowledge about oral health of one of their parents. Materials and methods: A non-experimental, correlational, and cross-sectional study was conducted in 126 preschoolers equally distributed in 3 age groups (3, 4, and 5 years old). The association between the presence of caries and the variables considered was determined by means of the chi-square test of independence, with a confidence level of 95% and a type I error of 5%. In addition, a multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate the probability of caries development in relation to each risk factor. Results: The prevalence of caries was 80.2% (95%CI:73.2-87.2); furthermore, salivary pH (p=0.012) and the level of parental knowledge (p<0.001) were significantly associated with caries occurrence. Regarding the multiple regression analysis, an OR=0.12 (95%CI:0.02-0.63) was obtained for pH and an OR=0.50 (95%CI:0.35-0.74) for the level of parental knowledge in relation to the probability of caries development. Conclusion: The level of parental knowledge about oral health and high salivary pH levels of preschoolers were protective factors against caries development in the study population. On the other hand, no association was found between BMI and the presence of caries in 5-year-old preschoolers.
Burnout syndrome and associated factors among dentists working in hospitals of the Ministry of Health in the Lima Metropolitan Area, Peru
Authors: Díaz-Caballero Melissa Heidy , Evaristo-Chyong Teresa Angélica
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Worldwide, burnout syndrome is becoming increasingly frequent among dentists, so it is necessary to identify its possible causes.
Objective: To describe the prevalence of burnout syndrome and the factors associated with its development among dentists working in hospitals of the Ministry of Health (MINSA) in the Lima Metropolitan Area, Peru.
Materials and methods: Analytical cross-sectional study carried out between December 2019 and January 2020 in 105 dentists working in the 11 MINSA hospitals in the Lima Metropolitan Area. The Maslach Burnout Inventory instrument was used to measure burnout. Factors such as sex, age, marital status, type of shift, years of experience as a dentist, whether they performed any other dentistry-related work activity, and hours of physical activity and leisure per day were evaluated. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) were obtained to analyze the association between the presence of the syndrome and the factors.
Results: The prevalence of burnout syndrome was 28.57%. Emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment levels were high in 90.47%, 98.09% and 35.23% of the participants, respectively. The presence of the syndrome was 47% lower in women (aPR=0.53, p=0.044) compared to men, and 70% lower in those who reported having worked as dentists between 11 and 20 years (aPR=0.30, p=0.017), compared to those with less than 11 years of work experience as dentists.
Conclusions: Almost one third of the participants had burnout syndrome. In addition, the majority of dentists showed high levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. Being a woman and having 11 to 20 years of work experience as dentists were protective factors for burnout syndrome.
Young people who purchase loot boxes are more likely to have gambling problems: An online survey of adolescents and young adults living in NSW Australia
Authors: Rockloff Matthew , Russell Alex M.T. , Greer Nancy , Lole Lisa , Hing Nerilee , Browne Matthew
Published: February 2021

Background and aims

Loot boxes are a common feature in video games where players win, buy or are gifted a virtual box or other container that is unwrapped to reveal virtual items of value, such as skins, weapons, in-game currency or special abilities. The current study aimed to relate the use of loot boxes to gambling problems and harm.

Methods

An online survey was conducted with 1,954 adolescents and young adults from NSW Australia, 59.9% female (aged 12–24), recruited by online panel aggregator, Qualtrics.

Results

Buying and selling loot boxes was associated with higher 12-month gambling frequency and gambling problems in young adults, aged 18–24 (Problem Gambling Severity Index). Young adults who bought loot boxes additionally had more gambling-related harms (Short Gambling Harms Screen). Young women, aged 18–24, who opened, bought and/or sold loot boxes spent more money in the last 12 months on gambling. In adolescents, aged 12–17, buying loot boxes was similarly associated with gambling problems (DSM-IV-MR-J). Furthermore, adolescent girls who bought and/or sold loot boxes viewed gambling more positively than other girls (Attitudes Towards Gambling Scale). There was no evidence, however, that longer-term experience in opening or purchasing loot boxes, a differentiating feature of the survey, is associated with current gambling problems.

Discussion and conclusions

This study suggests that loot boxes may be attractive to people who are already predisposed to engage in other gambling, and females who use loot boxes may have unique vulnerabilities to gambling problems that could be explored in future research.
Assessment of the Impact of COVID-19 on Economy Based on the “Economic Cross” Model
Authors: Repkina Olga , Timokhin Dmitriy
Published: February 2021

The article assesses the impact of the global pandemic COVID-19 and its events on the global information space using the “economic cross” model. Quantitative and qualitative economic results of the pandemic impact on economy both in the global and at the national Russian level are considered. The information and economic nature of the impact of the global pandemic on the development of global society is proven. An economic interpretation of the reaction of the global information space and national governments in the early 2020 and subsequent events, including self-isolation and expansion of digital forms of interaction in the information space at all levels of social activity, are proposed. The structure of the points of no return in the development of the global information space and its economic and social projection are investigated and temporary changes are identified, the preservation of which is unlikely after the end of the pandemic. An assessment of the development of the global information space is carried out taking into account pre-existing trends in the medium term and possible deviations in its development are investigated by updating the COVID-19 problem. On the basis of studying the cycles forming the “economic cross” of corononomics, forecasts of the development of the Russian economic system for the medium term are proposed.
Ensuring Business Transparency as the Most Important Accounting and Analytical Function in the Context of the Coronacrisis
Authors: Chugumbaev Roman
Published: February 2021

Economic entities once again found themselves in the conditions of “new normality”, now it is a global coronocrisis. The new complex context of decision-making caused by the pandemic requires that information and analytical support be kept up to date. Therefore, in this article it is proposed to pay attention to the mechanisms of ensuring transparency of business. The study begins with a discussion of the factors that contributed to the increased need for business transparency during the pandemic. At the same time, transparency is considered from the perspective of various stakeholders of the economic entity. The opportunities, benefits and effects that can become available to organizations committed to responsible and transparent functioning are also considered. The author notes the complex positive impact of transparency on the functioning of business as a whole. Further, it is proposed to focus on the problems of internal transparency caused by the peculiarities of the organization of work of employees during the pandemic. Many employees of Russian companies moved their employees to remote operation, which caused some difficulties in monitoring the implementation of business processes. Due to the need for rapid implementation of organizational changes of an innovative nature during the pandemic, the study separately presents the role of transparency in the implementation of transformational changes of the company. The paper also identifies the main areas of transparency activities.
General aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Souza Alex Sandro Rolland , Amorim Melania Maria Ramos , Melo Adriana Suely de Oliveira , Delgado Alexandre Magno , Florêncio Anna Catharina Magliano Carneiro da Cunha , Oliveira Thaise Villarim de , Lira Lara Caline Santos , Sales Lucas Martins dos Santos , Souza Gabriela Albuquerque , Melo Brena Carvalho Pinto de , Morais Ítalo , Katz Leila
Published: February 2021

Abstract Objectives: to review the available literature on the general aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infec-tion. Methods: this is a narrative literature review carried out from March to September 2020. Results: COVID-19 caused by the new coronavirus or SARS-CoV-2, grows with devas-tating effects worldwide. The literature describes epidemiological data and mortality risk groups of the disease, which presents a high rate of transmission. Prevention is the most effective way to fight the disease, persisting the absence of strong evidence on the treatment. Vaccines are not yet available. Dexamethasone is effective in reducing mortality in severe forms. Conclusions: despite great efforts, as the number of confirmed cases increases, evidence on transmission, incidence, disease progression, lethality, effects and outcomes remain limited and without any high levels of evidence. Studies are still necessary for all aspects of the disease.
The Interiorization of COVID-19 in the cities of Pernambuco State, Northeast of Brazil
Authors: Silva Rosalva Raimundo da , Guilhermino Geyssyka Morganna Soares , Oliveira Neto Barnabé Lucas de , Lira Neto José Bonifácio de
Published: February 2021

Abstract Objectives: to analyze how the disseminationof COVID-19 occurred in the cities of Pernambuco State, Northeast in Brazil. Methods: descriptive, exploratory and quantitative study whose units of analysis were the 184 cities and Fernando de Noronha Archipelago which constitutes the state of Pernambuco. Geoprocessing techniques used QGis 3.14.16 and were presented in figures. Results: the first city to register a case of COVID-19 was Recife, in 129 days there were already confirmed cases of the disease in all the cities in the state and including Fernando de Noronha Archipelago. Only 117 cities informed the patients’ sexin public reports since the first case and only 88 cities mentioned the patients ’ age. Conclusion: there was a fast spread of COVID-19 in the state of Pernambuco, showing the inability of the Health Surveillance services to control the transmission, especially in smalltowns.
Factors associated with psychic symptomatology in diabetics during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Souza Gustavo Fonseca de Albuquerque , Praciano Gabriella de Almeida Figueredo , Ferreira Neto Otávio da Cunha , Paiva Maria Carolina , Jesus Renata Patrícia Freitas Soares de , Cordeiro Ana Lorena Nascimento , Souza Gabriela Albuquerque , Silva Junior José Roberto , Souza Alex Sandro Rolland
Published: February 2021

Abstract Objectives: to determine the frequency and factors associated with severe / extreme signs and symptoms of stress, anxiety and depression in diabetic patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: cross-sectional study conducted in April /May 2020, which included 162 individuals with diabetes mellitus and over 18 years old. An online questionnaire was applied on social networks, composed of biological, sociodemographic, clinical characteristics and the Stress, Anxiety and Depression Scale (DASS-21). For statistical analysis, a multivariate logistic regression model was applied with a 5% significance level. Results: frequency of 37.7%, 43.3% and 45.1% were found for some symptom of stress, anxiety and depression, respectively. The factors associated with sign and symptoms of severe / extreme psychic disorders were: not having religion (stress, anxiety and depression); be at graduation (stress and anxiety); history of anxiety and depression (anxiety and depression); not practicing or decreasing physical exercises and starting, increased or continue taking sleeping medications (stress); history of contact with a suspected case of COVID-19, absence or decreased leisure (anxiety); female gender, absence of a partner, decreased family income and work or study (depression). Conclusion: the frequency of psychological disorders was higher than described in the literature on diabetic patients, being associated with biological, sociodemographic, clinical factors and aspects related to COVID-19 during the pandemic
Maternal and child health in the context of COVID-19 pandemic: evidence, recommendations and challenges
Authors: Cardoso Pollyanna Costa , Sousa Taciana Maia de , Rocha Daniela da Silva , Menezes Laura Rangel Drummond de , Santos Luana Caroline dos
Published: February 2021

Abstract Objectives: to present the main evidence, recommendations and challenges for maternal and child health in the context of COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: narrative review of national and international documents and reflections on the theme. Results: the coexistence ofpregnancy/puerperium and COVID-19 infection establishes many challenges. It is extremely important that the conduct should be individually adopted, covering all aspects of health in the mother-child binomial, estimating risks and benefits of each decision. Until now, it is recognized that natural childbirth should be encouraged and breastfeeding maintained, if adequate hygienic-sanitary care is ensured. Cesarean delivery and the isolation and separation of the mother-child contact without breastfeeding, will only be eligible when the clinical status of the mother or child is critical. The child must be included in all stages of health care, as this commonly asymptomatic group plays an important role in the family's transmissibility of the disease. Routine immunization should be provided, as well as clinical assistance when necessary, and families must be assisted in favor of their well-being. Conclusion: at the moment, it is not possible to measure the consequences of this new pandemic on maternal and child health, demanding attention to its evolution and new evidences about the implications in mother and child care.
COVID-19: emergency remote teaching and university professors’ mental health
Authors: Santos Geórgia Maria Ricardo Félix dos , Silva Maria Elaine da , Belmonte Bernardo do Rego
Published: February 2021

Astract Objectives: reflections on the experiences of emergency remote teaching by the faculty of the university and the impacts of these professionals’ mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: this is a bibliographic review. The descriptors "Docent", "Mental health", "Covid-19", "Higher Education" were used in Portuguese, English and Spanish. The articles found were selected using the pre-established inclusion and exclusion criteria. The text was organized into two thematic approaches: “Emergency remote teaching and the professors’ difficulties /challenges” and “Professors’mental health during the COVID-19pandemic”. Results: in view of the current educational context, professors faced new demands that had repercussions on their social and work routine, due to the increase in the number of hours, the pace and diversity of work. It was evident that these professionals were affected financially, affectively and motivational aspects. Conclusions: the pandemic brought a series of feelings and perceptions to the professor with new challenges in his/her teaching. However, it is important to encourage the establishment of reflective processes around physical and mental balance in and outside the educational environment.
COVID-19 cohort on children with cancer: delay in treatment and increased frequency of deaths
Authors: Lima Ana Luiza Magalhães de Andrade , Borborema Maria do Céu Diniz , Matos Ana Paula Rodrigues , Oliveira Kaline Maria Maciel de , Mello Maria Júlia Gonçalves , Lins Mecneide Mendes
Published: February 2021

Abstract Objectives: to describe epidemiological characteristics and deaths in children with cancer and COVID-19 at a reference hospital in Recife, Brazil. Methods: cohort involving children under the age of 19 underwent cancer treatment during April to July 2020. During the pandemic, real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay (RT-PCR) for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS -CoV-2) in nasal / oropharyngeal swab were collected in symptomatic patients or before hospitalization. Those with detectable results were included in this cohort study. The outcomes were delayed on cancer treatment and death. Descriptive analysis was performed and presented in preliminary results. Results: 48 children participated in the cohort, mostly with hematological neoplasms (66.6%.),69% were male, median age was 5.5 years. The most frequent symptoms were fever (58.3%) and coughing (27.7%);72.9% required hospitalization, 20% had support in ICU and 10.5% on invasive ventilatory assistance.66.6% of the patients had their oncological treatment postponed, 16.6% died within 60 days after confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conclusions: COVID-19 led a delay in the oncological treatment for children with cancer and a higher mortality frequency when compared to the historical series of the service. It would be important to analyze the risk factors to determine the survival impact.
Does fluorosis have an impact on Peruvian children’s oral health related quality of life?
Authors: CALDERÓN Zaida Moya de , ABANTO Jenny , Sá OLIVEIRA Gabriela , HADDAD Ana Estela , BÖNECKER Marcelo
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis and to assess the impact of dental fluorosis on oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) of children living in two Peruvian towns with different water fluoride levels. Methods A sample of 292 children between 11 and 14 years of age and both genders were selected among public and private primary schools in the 2 towns. Clinical oral examination was carried out using Dean’s index to assess the prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis and the Child Perceptions Questionnaire 11-14 (CPQ 11-14) was used to evaluate the association between dental fluorosis and OHRQoL. Results Dental fluorosis prevalence was 75% and the moderate score was the most frequent (36%). The two towns have a low socioeconomic level and children from public schools predominate (74%). There was no impact of fluorosis on OHRQoL. It is possible that adolescents living in a context with very similar dental appearance of their peers build a sense of identity different than other populations, which can influence in their OHRQoL perception. Conclusions Even though dental fluorosis prevalence was very high it did not have impact on OHRQoL.
Quotidiano de equipes de consultório na rua: tecendo redes para a promoção da saúde
Authors: Viegas Selma Maria da Fonseca , Nitschke Rosane Gonçalves , Bernardo Lucas Andreolli , Tholl Adriana Dutra , Borrego Maria Aurora Rodriguez , Soto Pablo Jesús López , Tafner Daniela Priscila Oliveira do Vale
Published: February 2021

Resumo Objetivo compreender as potências e limites para a promoção da saúde de pessoas em situação de rua no quotidiano da equipe de Consultório na Rua. Método estudo de casos múltiplos holístico-qualitativo, fundamentado na Sociologia Compreensiva do Quotidiano, realizado com dois informantes-chave e 20 profissionais de equipe de Consultório na Rua de duas capitais do Sul do Brasil. Utilizou-se a Análise de Conteúdo Temática. Resultados as potências para a promoção da saúde de pessoas em situação de rua advêm da articulação da rede intrasetorial e intersetorial pela equipe de Consultório na Rua, além do vínculo e da redução de danos. Os limites enfrentados para desenvolver ações de promoção da saúde se deparam na especificidade e características desse público na terceirização da assistência social, na gestão, na política. Conclusões e implicações para a prática a promoção da saúde ainda é um desafio para a equipe a ser superado perante as demandas de agravos, o tratamento do adoecimento e a lógica biomédica. As estratégias intrasetoriais e intersetoriais podem ser estabelecidas para alcançar ações em rede e efetivamente promover saúde, contemplando direitos fundamentais à vida de pessoas em situação de rua, mesmo em um quotidiano com condições desfavoráveis de viver e conviver.
Efeitos da cesárea eletiva sobre desfechos no primeiro ano de vida: estudo de coorte
Authors: Ferrari Anna Paula , Machado Maria Cristina Heinzle da Silva , Tonete Vera Lúcia Pamplona , Parada Cristina Maria Garcia de Lima
Published: February 2021

Resumo Objetivo verificar o efeito da cesárea eletiva, em comparação ao parto vaginal, sobre os desfechos no primeiro ano de vida da criança. Método estudo de coorte com 499 mães e seus bebês. Foram coletados dados sociodemográficos, relativos à história gestacional, ao parto e nascimento e sobre o primeiro ano de vida do bebê, em entrevista realizada na unidade de triagem neonatal, do registro do prontuário da maternidade e em entrevistas no domicílio. Avaliaram-se as associações de interesse mediante análises de regressão de Cox, ajustadas para as covariáveis identificadas, considerando-se resultados de análises bivariadas que apresentaram significância estatística em nível de p<0,20. Nas análises ajustadas, consideraram-se as relações significativas se p<0,05, tendo como medida de efeito o risco relativo. Resultados as cesáreas eletivas não se associaram aos desfechos estudados (interrupção do aleitamento materno, infecções respiratórias, atopias e sobrepeso/obesidade). Conclusão e implicações para a prática a ausência de associação da cesárea eletiva e os desfechos do primeiro ano de vida poderão ser confirmados em investigações futuras. Pelos achados, sugere-se que a equipe de saúde apoie as mães, com o intuito de aumentar sua confiança e empenho em relação à amamentação, prática que pode repercutir positivamente nos demais desfechos estudados.
Abordagem ecobiossocial e promoção da saúde na escola: tecendo saberes para a vigilância comunitária no controle do Aedes aegypti
Authors: Barakat Roberta Duarte Maia , Caprara Andrea
Published: February 2021

Este estudo objetiva implementar ações de vigilância comunitária no controle do vetor Aedes aegypti em ambiente escolar à luz da promoção da saúde e da abordagem ecobiossocial. Trata-se de uma análise qualitativa que versa sobre os pressupostos de uma pesquisa-ação. Para a produção de dados, utilizou-se um minicurso agregado à técnica Photovoice, concluído com grupos focais. Os dados empíricos foram processados pelo software Iramuteq® e submetidos à análise de conteúdo de Minayo. A pesquisa foi realizada em duas escolas municipais de Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil, com a participação de 55 estudantes. Os resultados mostraram o incentivo à reflexão das práticas de participação e corresponsabilidade social nas ações de vigilância comunitária e cuidado com o meio ambiente como aliados do controle vetorial. O Photovoice mostra-se propulsor no alinhavo dessas temáticas, desperta o espírito cooperativo e integrativo, possibilitando sua difusão e continuação em outras escolas.
Experiências de formação no contexto da Política Nacional de Educação Popular em Saúde no Sistema Único de Saúde
Authors: Botelho Bruno Oliveira de , Cruz Pedro José Santos Carneiro , Bornstein Vera Joana , David Helena Maria Scherlowski Leal , Lima Luanda de Oliveira
Published: February 2021

Este artigo apresenta processos formativos que constituíram estratégias para a implementação da Política Nacional de Educação Popular em Saúde (PNEPS) no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e foram desenvolvidos com a perspectiva pedagógica da Educação Popular (EP), conforme fundamentada por Paulo Freire. São eles: o Curso de Educação Popular em Saúde para Agentes Comunitários e de Vigilância em Saúde (EdPopSUS), o Projeto de Pesquisa e Extensão “Vivências de Extensão em Educação Popular e Saúde no SUS” (Vepop-SUS) e o Curso de Formação Histórica e Política para Estudantes das Áreas da Saúde (FHP). Apontaram-se contextualizações e detalhamentos metodológicos dessas experiências, bem como aproximações, complementariedades e distanciamentos entre elas. Por meio das dimensões e dos enfoques explicitados, indica-se que a EP configura um caminho teórico e metodológico potente para a formação em saúde na perspectiva do bem viver e da emancipação humana.
Podometrics in Japanese Living Donor Kidneys: Associations with Nephron Number, Age, and Hypertension
Authors: Haruhara Kotaro , Sasaki Takaya , de Zoysa Natasha , Okabayashi Yusuke , Kanzaki Go , Yamamoto Izumi , Harper Ian S. , Puelles Victor G. , Shimizu Akira , Cullen-McEwen Luise A. , Tsuboi Nobuo , Yokoo Takashi , Bertram John F.
Published: February 2021

Significance Statement

Podocyte depletion and low nephron number are associated with glomerulosclerosis and CKD. However, the relationship between podometrics and nephron number has not previously been reported. The authors estimated podometric parameters and nephron number in 30 Japanese kidney donors. Their podocyte density and number per glomerulus were similar to values reported for other racial groups, whereas they had fewer nonsclerotic nephrons compared with other races. Total podocyte number per kidney declined at a rate of 5.63 million podocytes per year, with 80% of podocyte loss resulting from glomerulosclerosis-associated glomerular loss, and the remainder occurring in healthy glomeruli. Hypertension was associated with lower podocyte density and larger podocyte volume, independent of age. These approaches could be of value in evaluating the kidney in health and disease.

Background

Podocyte depletion, low nephron number, aging, and hypertension are associated with glomerulosclerosis and CKD. However, the relationship between podometrics and nephron number has not previously been examined.

Methods

To investigate podometrics and nephron number in healthy Japanese individuals, a population characterized by a relatively low nephron number, we immunostained single paraffin sections from 30 Japanese living-kidney donors (median age, 57 years) with podocyte-specific markers and analyzed images obtained with confocal microscopy. We used model-based stereology to estimate podometrics, and a combined enhanced–computed tomography/biopsy-specimen stereology method to estimate nephron number.

Results

The median number of nonsclerotic nephrons per kidney was 659,000 (interquartile range [IQR], 564,000–825,000). The median podocyte number and podocyte density were 518 (IQR, 428–601) per tuft and 219 (IQR, 180–253) per 106
μm3, respectively; these values are similar to those previously reported for other races. Total podocyte number per kidney (obtained by multiplying the individual number of nonsclerotic glomeruli by podocyte number per glomerulus) was 376 million (IQR, 259–449 million) and ranged 7.4-fold between donors. On average, these healthy kidneys lost 5.63 million podocytes per kidney per year, with most of this loss associated with glomerular loss resulting from global glomerulosclerosis, rather than podocyte loss from healthy glomeruli. Hypertension was associated with lower podocyte density and larger podocyte volume, independent of age.

Conclusions

Estimation of the number of nephrons, podocytes, and other podometric parameters in individual kidneys provides new insights into the relationships between these parameters, age, and hypertension in the kidney. This approach might be of considerable value in evaluating the kidney in health and disease.
TRAC at 30: A Bibliometric Analysis of the TRAC Community
Authors: Garland Nicky
Published: February 2021

As TRAC approaches another milestone anniversary there is much to celebrate - a successful conference, a large body of publications, and a thriving community. Part of this success stems from the unusually introspective and self-critical nature of the organisation. However, despite this tradition, there has been limited data-driven analysis of TRAC's successes and failures. This paper uses bibliometric data from the corpus of TRAC publications over the last 30 years to analyse whether the organisation has achieved its aims. Alongside data from comparable journals, this research will also determine whether TRAC is ahead or behind the wider academic world. This paper provides insights into how diverse TRAC has become and how me might move forward in future.