bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Systemic-Functional Linguistics and Linguistic Literacy: Theoretical Foundations and Contributions to Teaching
Authors: Pereira Bruno Gomes
Published: May 2022

This article aims to present a theoretical systematization between Systemic-Functional Linguistics (SFL) and Literacy. The Theoretical Foundation is housed in Applied Linguistics. The research methodology is bibliographic, with a view to mobilizing knowledge from different areas of language studies. It is necessary to problematize the conceptions of Linguistic Literacy, in an attempt to create concepts more sensitive to the interdisciplinary posture of the postmodern era.
CREATING THE PSYCHOTHERAPIST’S IDENTITY IN THE TRAINING AND SUPERVISION PROGRAM
Authors: VÎŞCU Loredana-Ileana
Published: May 2022

Psychotherapists are humans, and humans have different personalities and identities. So not all psychotherapists are the same, they develop differently; they have different perspectives in life and go through different training programs. Psychotherapists discover during training what motivates them in their practice, what they need to accomplish, how they need to behave with clients, with colleagues, with supervisors. Identity is also shaped in training being challenged by development both in theory and in practice, but also in supervision being challenged by the supervisory alliance and by the therapeutic relationship with the client.
SOME WORDS TO RECONSIDER PSYCHOTHERAPY AND SUPERVISION
Authors: GOZO Zeno
Published: May 2022

Psychotherapy is a field that expands with great success even in the emergent countries of the former East-Block. It is becoming a new trend that everyone who wants to be someone, has to have one’s own ‘shrink’–a slang for us as psychologists, psychotherapists or psychiatrists. In such a context a fresh perspective – coming from a more exterior philosophical position – can be at least interesting if not instrumental as well. What should be done in every new and emergent field, theoretical or practical, is a constant and continuous analyse of its directions and an assessment of its values. Every new field of knowledge must pass, sooner or later, through an ethical filter that evaluates its status, range of ideas or structural value of its main concepts. As such, we propose an insight in the complex domain of the psychology, detached and uninvolved in the inherent psychological or therapeutic daily aspects. We want to bring up a slight change of paradigm and abstract, different from the usual involvement with the concrete cases, and the unending stream of problems people can invoke to complain, lament, get attention, or just to get rid of stress, or the loads that everyday life puts on their shoulders. Instead, we want to concentrate on some anthropological and ethical interrogations addressed to the ‘games psychologists play’, in order to put a more convenient existential accent on life itself, life that encompasses therapy, supervising and every other aspect of the psychological profession. As such, we want to enlarge a perspective that becomes, as the professional involvement increases and the years go by, inevitably narrower without even being noticed. The concrete problems of life, its endless stream of petty difficulties, coupled with stress on all sides and angles, have a very powerful effect on people, even psychologists. They are not immune from emotional and un-detached involvement in the so tempting stream of life that eats, little by little, in to the so wondrous, generous and altruistic first commitment to psychology. Fortunately, there are things that can be done, and philosophy (the yesterdays ‘mother’ of psychology) can help detachment and self-disenchantment from a narrow and to direct approach of the human problematic.
COMPETENCY-BASED CLINICAL SUPERVISION: A VIEW TO THE FUTURE
Authors: FALENDER Carol
Published: May 2022

Some recognition exists that clinical supervision is a distinct professional competence that requires specific education and training. However, it is all too often inadequately addressed in psychology curricula and training. What is required is a shift to the competence movement that has been instituted in United States psychology education, training, and regulation to embrace a systematic and intentional competence model. To achieve this, a major attitude shift must occur to acknowledge the systematic and intentional process of clinical supervision, value the process and components, and incorporate the knowledge, skills, and attitudes that need to be systematically developed as a critical component of self-reflective competency-based education and supervision, portals to lifelong learning, internationally.
WORKING WITH ODD REALITIES IN SUPERVISION: THE PSYCHOTIC PATIENT
Authors: POPESCU Oana-Maria
Published: May 2022

Working with the psychotic patient is one of the most difficult tasks in psychotherapy, especially for beginner therapists. The paper presents some of the major difficulties in the psychotherapy of schizophrenia, structured according to the integrative-strategic approach, together with potential interventions in supervision.
AVALIAÇÃO DE INDICADORES DE MOBILIDADE URBANA SUSTENTÁVEL PARA A CIDADE DE SÃO MATEUS, ES
Authors: Oliveira Vinicius Almeida de , Feroni Rita de Cassia
Published: May 2022

O sistema de mobilidade de uma cidade possui reflexos diretos na qualidade de vida da população, implicando no modo como o cidadão usufrui do direito de ir e vir, bem como na possibilidade do acesso a serviços básicos. Neste contexto, o objetivo do presente estudo consiste na avaliação do índice de mobilidade urbana sustentável para o município de São Mateus – ES no período de 2013 a 2020, nas dimensões social, econômica e ambiental. Para tal, foi realizado o levantamento bibliográfico a fim de identificar o conjunto de indicadores que melhor se adequariam ao estudo com base na disponibilidade dos dados. Como principais resultados decorrentes da pesquisa, identificou-se uma média para o Índice de Mobilidade Urbana Sustentável Global de 0,5146, resultado positivo dentro da escala avaliada (entre 0 e 1), sendo destacado o bom desempenho obtido para a dimensão social (0,6678). Quanto aos indicadores, observou-se um desempenho ruim relativo a investimentos públicos, orçamento familiar gasto no setor de transporte e uso de combustíveis alternativos e energia limpa. Um bom desempenho foi identificado para os indicadores de acidentes com pedestres e ciclistas, e equipamentos urbanos (escolas). Portanto, foi possível concluir que a metodologia adotada demostrou potencial para identificação de pontos positivos e negativos no sistema de transporte local, podendo ser utilizada para auxiliar o poder público na definição de estratégias para a melhoria da mobilidade urbana sustentável do município.
ERGENLİK DÖNEMİ, PSİKOLOJİK ZİHİNLİLİK, EBEVEYNE BAĞLANMA STİLLERİ VE ALEKSİTİMİ KAVRAMLARI ÜZERİNE BİR DERLEME
Authors: SELÇUK Hüma Nur , ASLAN Sevda
Published: May 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı ergenlik dönemi, psikolojik zihinlilik, ebeveyne bağlanma stilleri ve aleksitimiyi konu alan bir derleme çalışması ortaya koymaktır. İlk olarak ergenlik döneminde psikolojik zihinlilik kavramının tanımı ve tarihçesi incelenmiştir. Ardından, Bowlby tarafından ortaya atılan “bağlanma” kavramının tanımı yapılmış ve ergenlik dönemiyle ilişkisi incelenmiştir. Bunun yanında “ebeveyne bağlanma” ile ilgili bazı araştırmalara yer verilmiştir. Günümüzde de kabul görmüş ve yaygın olarak kullanılan güvenli bağlanma, kaygılı bağlanma ve kaçıngan bağlanma olmak üzere üç temel bağlanma türü açıklanmıştır. Yine bu çalışmada aleksitimi kavramının kökeni açıklanmış ve bu konuda yapılan araştırmalara değinilmiştir. Aynı zamanda aleksitimi kavramı; psikanalitik kuram, bilişsel kuram, sosyal öğrenme kuramı ve biyolojik kurama göre açıklanmıştır. Ergenlik döneminde duyguların inişli çıkışlı olmasından dolayı, ergenliğin psikolojik zihinlilik ve aleksitimi kavramları ile ilişkisi merak edilmektedir. Bununla beraber, bağlanma stillerinin psikolojik zihinlilik ve aleksitimi üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmak istenmektedir. Bahsi geçen bu kavramlar, daha önce hiçbir çalışmada bir arada incelenmemiş olup, bu çalışmada incelenmesi literatüre katkıda bulunacaktır.
Evaluation of Acute Toxicity of Aqueous Extract of Libyan Globularia Alypum in Albino Mice
Authors: Shanab Suad , Auzi Abdulruzag
Published: May 2022

Aims. Lorke’s method was used to evaluate the acute toxicity effect of aqueous extract from the aerial part of Libyan Globularia alypum on albino mice. Methods. The study involved intra-peritoneal administration of different doses of the extract to groups of female mice. Results. Signs resultant toxicity and possible death of animals were monitored for 14 days to ascertain the median lethal dose (LD50) of the extract. At the end of the two-week study, all the animals in all the dose groups were survived. Conclusion. Globularia alypum plant can be considered as safe plant, as long as the LD50 is greater than 5000 mg/kg body weight.
The Trajectory of Traditional Authority in Contemporary Governance; The Ghanaian Experience
Authors: Anderson  , Larbi Paul Kwaku
Published: May 2022

The role of traditional authorities in local governance has evolved steadily in different parts of Africa. It is assumed that, in most parts of the continent, traditional authorities’ legitimacy enables them to play a lead role in local governance and development. This study scrutinizes the trajectory of traditional authority in contemporary governance. The objective is to review how social construction rooted in tradition is made to fit into contemporary society. Accordingly, an interpretive approach was adopted within a qualitative methodological framework which informed a case study as the research design type. Respondents were purposefully selected from the traditional council and local government functionaries in Nsawam-Adoagyiri, Suhum, and Cape Coast Municipalities in Ghana’s eastern and central regions. Data were obtained through one-on-one interviews, non-participant observation, documents, and material culture analysis. The findings of this study revealed that even though the role of traditional authorities in the community has evolved, post-colonial governments have not fully incorporated it into the local governance structure thereby restricting them to mere advisors and consultants on customs and traditions. Notwithstanding, traditional authorities are highly revered within the Ghanaian society with strong social bonds providing support as partners in development at the local level. Given that, this study recommends an operative institutional framework that not only involves traditional authority in local governance but duly involves and aptly defines their mandate in the community.
RESPONSABILIZAÇÃO POR DANOS MORAIS DO ALIENANTE EM DECORRÊNCIA DA ALIENAÇÃO PARENTAL
Authors: Siqueira Alencar Lorrana , Barbosa Araújo ´´Érika , Santos da Costa João
Published: May 2022

A presente pesquisa visa analisar, a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica, a responsabilização por danos morais do alienante em decorrência da alienação parental, abordando seus limites e funções no sistema jurídico brasileiro. Tem-se por problema de pesquisa, saber quais os limites e funções da responsabilização por danos morais do alienante em decorrência da alienação parental. Logo, tal pesquisa se propôs a fazer a análise da alienação parental como instituto jurídico tutelado no Brasil, seu conceito e sujeitos envolvidos, além da responsabilidade civil por danos morais decorrente desta prática. Pois, apesar da tutela indenizatória decorrer da violação de direitos da personalidade inerentes à honra objetiva e subjetiva, não se tem uma legislação específica que trate da responsabilização por dano moral na alienação parental. Dessa forma, torna-se necessária a aplicação da responsabilização por dano moral como uma forma de reparar o sofrimento do genitor alienado ou ao menos penalizar o genitor alienante.
O USO DE ANTI-INFLAMATÓRIOS NA GRAVIDEZ E O RISCO DE MALFORMAÇÃO FETAL
Authors: Barreira Djônatas Alves , Silva Karla Beatriz de Carvalho , Silva Luciane Lima da
Published: May 2022

Objetivou-se analisar as produções científicas acerca dos possíveis efeitos causados pelo uso de anti-inflamatórios durante a gravidez e o risco de malformação fetal. Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura, que é um método que visa sintetizar os resultados obtidos em pesquisas sobre um assunto ou um problema sistemático, ordenado e abrangente por meio do acesso virtual às bases de dados: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), acesso por meio do portal PUBMED e por meio do IBECS - Índice Bibliográfico Español em Ciencias de La Salud. Utilizou-se a estratégia PICo para a elaboração da questão de pesquisa da revisão integrativa. Foram selecionados estudos primários contidos em artigos de abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa; estudos que reportem aspectos acerca da gestação e da associação do uso de medicamentos durante esse processo; estudos disponíveis nos idiomas: inglês, português e francês, sem recorte temporal.
REPERCUSSÕES À SAÚDE MENTAL DE IDOSOS E AS ESTRATÉGIAS DE ENFERMAGEM EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA DE COVID-1A
Authors: Silva Tamires Soares da , Carvalho Pamylla Cristielle Macedo de , Barbosa Liana Dantas da Costa e Silva
Published: May 2022

Objetivou-se com o estudo analisar as repercussões à saúde mental de idosos devido à pandemia de COVID-19 e as estratégias de enfermagem utilizadas nesse período pandêmico. Foi utilizado o método de revisão integrativa de maneira sistemática, ordenada e abrangente, sendo combinados os descritores (DeCS): Idosos, Saúde Mental e Cuidados de Enfermagem, dentro dos subgrupos da estrátegia PICo, em que 15 artigos científicos disponibilizados na íntegra, através de um recorte temporal de 2019 a 2021 pesquisados e selecionados na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS). Para operacionalizar a busca, foram utilizadas as bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Oline (MEDLINE), Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina (PubMed), Google Acadêmico e Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO). Os resultados foram organizados em dois quadros e uma tabela e categorizados, revelando que os idosos desenvolveram transtornos de ansiedade e pânico, depressão, estresse, insônia, raiva, pensamentos destrutivos e comportamento suicida além de outras manifestações psíquicas. Conclui-se que a enfermagem contribuiu na assistência quanto a vários aspectos não só físicos quanto sociais e psicológicos, promovendo a reabilitação em casos mais complexos, mantendo contato direto e constante com o paciente idoso, e orientando-o quanto às medicações e cuidados de enfermagem a estes e a seus familiares, enfim, assistindo o paciente nas mais diferentes situações do isolamento social.
Validity and Reliability of Typhoid Risk Factors Questionnaire (TRFQ) in Gombe Metropolis, Gombe State, Nigeria
Authors: Tawfiq Umar Abdullahi , Shohaimi Shamarina , Mohd Nadzir Noor Hisham , Amin Nordin Syafinaz , Ab Rahman Abdul Hafiz , Salari Nader
Published: May 2022

Typhoid poses a significant threat to human health, particularly in Africa and Asia, where the disease continues to be endemic. Typhoid caused approximately 8.4 million disability-adjusted life-years worldwide in 2017, with 116,814 deaths. While vaccinations effectively eradicate the endemic infection, limited resources frequently constrained vaccination strategies. Thus, an understanding of the risks associated with typhoid would aid in implementing targeted interventions. In many states of Nigeria, including Gombe, data on typhoid risk factors are unavailable. This study aimed to develop and validate a questionnaire on typhoid risk factors in the Gombe Metropolis. The questionnaire items were based on previously published questionnaires on typhoid and localized typhoid risk factors. After obtaining ethical approval, the drafted instrument was pilot tested among a small population and checked for readability. The questionnaire’s content validity was checked using Fleiss’ Multi-rater kappa, while internal consistency and test-retest reliability were checked using Cronbach’s alpha and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), respectively. The questionnaire validation results revealed that the instruments’ readability was easy, content validity with Fleiss’ kappa value of 0.623 was good, internal consistency with Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.720 and McDonald’s omega of 0.703, and test-retest reliability with an ICC estimate of 0.736 was good. The questionnaire was valid and reliable for collecting data on typhoid risk factors in Gombe State, Nigeria, to develop targeted health interventions and guide the Government’s resource prioritization and allocation decisions for efficient disease control.
A Hybrid Technique for Analysis of Low-Frequency Oscillation in Power System
Authors: Pathak Abhinav , Gupta Ratnesh
Published: May 2022

Estimating the low-frequency oscillation in an interconnected power system is the most important requirement to keep the power system in a stable operating condition. This research work deals with a hybrid robust and accurate approach using a combination of Estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariant techniques (ESPRIT) and Prony algorithm to extract the low-frequency oscillatory modes present in the power system. The observation inspires the hybrid method that the true modes of the signal are present in any signal processing technique (for example, Prony algorithm) along with other fictitious modes regardless of the order of the power system. Moreover, this research obtained true modes by calculating Euclidean distance and applying the threshold value concept. The proposed technique is tested with different noise conditions and varying sampling rates of Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) to check the proposed hybrid technique’s robustness compared to Prony and the multiple ESPRIT method. Finally, the proposed method is applied to the real signal obtained from the Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC) network, and it estimates accurate and precise parameters compared to other methods. The accuracy for estimation of frequency and attenuation factor is calculated for the three-mode synthetic signal at a noise level of 10dB by the hybrid algorithm, multiple ESPRIT, and Prony algorithm, which shows that hybrid algorithm has minimum percentage error. Thus, the proposed hybrid algorithm accurately estimates the parameters of low-frequency oscillation as compared to other existing methods without involving any fictitious modes.
Evaluation of Factors Affecting Microbial Growth Inhibition and Optimization Using Pineapple Leaves Juice
Authors: Zainol Norazwina , Ya’acob Amirah , Mohd Ridza Putri Nurul Yasmin , Mortan Siti Hatijah , Abdul Samad Kamaliah
Published: May 2022

This study optimized microbial growth inhibition conditions using pineapple leaf juice (PLJ). The sugarcane press machine was used to press the PLJ. The study considered four factors to be analyzed by Two-level factorial design (TLFD), which are microbial inhibition time (0.5–5 h), the concentration of total phenolic content (TPC) (0.2563–0.5127 mg GAE/ mL), temperature (26–37 °C), and the ratio of PLJ to microbe (PLJ/M) (v/v) (1:1 and 1:3). Colony-forming unit (CFU) method was employed to measure microbial growth inhibition. The microbial growth inhibition was expressed as a percent in terms of CFU/mL. A central composite design (CCD) experimental design created using response surface methodology (RSM) determined the optimum temperature (35–39 °C) and microbial inhibition time (10–50 min) of microbial growth inhibition. The best conditions were 0.5 h of microbial inhibition time, 0.5127 mg GAE/mL of TPC, 1:1 PLJ/M, and a temperature of 37 °C. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that temperature (Factor C) has the greatest contribution (1.56%) to inhibiting microbial growth, accompanied by TPC concentration in PLJ (Factor B) with 1.27%, microbial inhibition time (Factor A) with 1.07% and PLJ/M (Factor D) 0.29%. Optimization studies show that at an optimum temperature of 37 °C and an inhibition time of 34.25 min, maximum microbial growth inhibition of 94.73% with a minimum value of 9.12×104 CFU/mL was achieved. This research suggests that PLJ can be utilized as a value-added natural product for application in the agricultural sector.
Facies Mapping of the Holocene Carbonate Complexes in Kepulauan Seribu Java Basin, Indonesia Using Satellite-Derived Data Set
Authors: Amir Shafiqah , Tsegab Haylay , Soto Grisel Jimenez , Azman Ali Imran
Published: May 2022

The analog study is common in understanding buried reservoirs and the relationship between architectural complexity and heterogeneity of carbonate deposits. This study processed satellite and false-color images using single-band images and classified them using a supervised classification technique to generate an environmental facies map. Thus, the study’s objectives are to map facies distribution in selected carbonate depositional environment and investigate oceanographic parameters that influence the development and evolution of modern carbonates in Holocene Kepulauan Seribu patch reef complexes, Java Basin. The main sub-environments are reef sand apron, subtidal reefal margin, and shallower subtidal lagoon. Annual wind patterns in the Java Basin have influenced the development of carbonate sediment in the Kepulauan Seribu archipelago, resulting in the formation of an isolated carbonate platform pattern with a single crest and asymmetrical dipping flanks. Meanwhile, the salinity of seawater influences the production of modern carbonate deposits as the Java basin is situated at the equator line, where the salinity of the seawater is moderately salty (35‰) and contributes to the favorable conditions for carbonate growth. The analysis of oceanographic elements with the integration of quantified environmental facies distribution is conducted to monitor the deposition of carbonate sediments which gives insight into carbonate distribution on the studied platforms. Satellite-derived facies maps provide an accurate overview of depositional facies patterns at the field scale in the oil and gas industry, enabling geologists to assess the potential of an oil and gas reservoir.
Pediatric Hepatic Abscess: A Ten-year Review of the Features and Outcome at the Philippine General Hospital
Authors: Besa Leah Mae C. , Gregorio Germana Emerita V.
Published: May 2022

Objective. Hepatic abscess is a rare childhood infection with incidence of 1 to 140 per 105 admissions. It has signs and symptoms that mimic other liver diseases. This study determined the clinical, biochemical, microbiologic and imaging features and outcome of children diagnosed with hepatic abscess at a tertiary hospital in Manila.

Method. We conducted a review of medical records of admitted patients aged ≤18 years diagnosed with hepatic abscess in a tertiary referral center from 2007–2018. A diagnosis was confirmed if with (1) fever; (2) imaging study of solitary or multiple hepatic focus; AND (3) at least one more sign or symptom. We computed for mean (SD) for continuous variables or n (%) for categorical variables.

Result. We included 40 patients out of 559, 583 pediatric admissions during the study period (0.007%), with a mean age of 8 years (SD 6.5), and 57% of whom were males. Thirty-seven (92%) were probable pyogenic in etiology, while three were tuberculous abscess. The most common signs and symptoms were fever (100%), abdominal mass (31%), abdominal distension (34%) and weight loss (31%). Majority had anemia (63%) and leukocytosis (89%). The most common imaging finding was a solitary mass (58%) with right lobe (80%) involvement. Nine abscess aspirates yielded Staphylococcus aureus (3), Mycobacterium tuberculosis (3), Klebsiella pneumoniae (1) and no growth (2). All patients were medically treated but eight also required percutaneous/surgical drainage. Majority (36) were discharged improved; four were improving but left before treatment completion.

Conclusion. Majority had pyogenic hepatic abscess, presenting with non-specific clinical and laboratory features. Most abscess were solitary and involved the right lobe. Limited abscess aspirates yielded Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Prognosis is favorable with treatment.
Is Face Mask with Face Shield More Effective than Face Mask Alone in Reducing SARS-CoV-2 Transmission? A Systematic Review
Authors: Gregorio Germana Emerita V. , Sanchez-Tolosa Maria Teresa , San Jose Maria Cristina Z. , Infantado Myzelle Anne , Dones III Valentin C. , Dans Leonila F.
Published: May 2022

Background. The use of face shield in addition to face mask is thought to reduce the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 by blocking respiratory droplets and by preventing one from touching facial orifices.

Objective. To determine the effectiveness of face mask with face shield, compared to face mask alone, in reducing transmission of SARS-CoV-2.

Methods. We searched MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, as well as trial registers, preprint sites and COVID-19 living evidence sites as of 30 September 2021. We included studies that used face shield with face mask versus face mask alone to prevent COVID-19. We screened studies, extracted data, assessed the risk of bias and certainty of evidence using the GRADE approach. Review Manager 5.4 was used to estimate pooled effects.

Results. There is no available direct evidence for face shield plus face mask versus face mask alone in the general public. Five (5) observational studies with very low certainty of evidence due to serious risk of bias and indirectness were included. Participants in all the studies were health care workers (HCWs) who used the face shield with their standard personal protective equipment (PPE). Four (4) of the studies were in the hospital setting (three case control studies, one pre- and post-surveillance study); one was done in the community (one pre- and post-surveillance study) in which HCWs visited the residence of the contacts of SARS-CoV-2 positive patients. The case control studies done in the hospital setting showed a trend toward benefit with the use of face shield or goggle but this was inconclusive (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.68-1.08) while the pre- and post-surveillance study showed significant benefit when face shield (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.22-0.37) use became a requirement for HCWs upon hospital entry. In the study done in the community setting, significant protection for HCWs was noted with the use of face shield (OR 0.04, 95% CI 0.00-0.69) but the results were limited by serious risk of bias and imprecision.

Conclusion. In the hospital setting, there was a lower likelihood of COVID-19 infection in HCWs who used a face shield or goggles on top of their PPE. For the general public in the community, there is presently no study on the use of face shield in addition to the face mask to prevent COVID-19 infection.
Factors Associated with Attrition among Residents in Pediatrics: A Mixed-method Study in a Single Center in the Philippines
Authors: Uy Tristan Marvin Z. , Alinea Ma. Cecilia D.
Published: May 2022

Background. Attrition in residency training can lead to lower workplace morale and increased costs. Finding associated factors can help revise admissions criteria or identify at-risk residents.

Objective. We aimed to determine factors associated with attrition among residents in pediatrics.

Methods. We applied a mixed cross-sectional (survey) and retrospective cohort (records review) study design. Residents who began training in the Philippine General Hospital in 2012–2018 were included. Our primary outcomes were non-completion of training within three years (attrition), completion beyond three years or ongoing training at a delayed year level (off-cycle), and the composite of attrition or off-cycle. Fisher’s exact probability test and t-test were used to compare the non-attrition group versus the attrition group, and the non-attrition group versus the attrition or off-cycle group.

Results. The overall attrition rate and off-cycle rate among 162 residents were 7.41% and 4.32%, respectively. The survey response rate was 73.00%. Four factors were significantly associated with attrition: higher age at entry into the program (p = 0.030), advanced degree (p = 0.009), longer interval from internship completion to start of residency training (p = 0.017), and a lower case presentation score (p = 0.048). The proportion of respondents older than 29 years was significantly higher in the attrition group than the non-attrition group (40.00% vs 0.94%, p = 0.031). Higher age at entry was also significantly associated with the composite outcome (attrition or off-cycle).

Conclusion. Older age at entry, advanced degree, a longer interval from internship, and lower-case presentation scores were associated with attrition among residents in pediatrics from a single center.
Short-term Outcomes of the Use of Intraventricular Ribavirin in Filipino Patients with Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis
Authors: Lukban Marissa B. , Salonga Aida M. , Pipo-Deveza Judy R. , Sanchez-Gan Benilda C. , Silao Catherine Lynne T. , Chua Annabell
Published: May 2022

Background. Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease caused by prolonged persistent infection of the central nervous system with a measles virus mutant. Though various treatment modalities have been tried, there is no effective treatment to completely cure SSPE and new therapeutic strategies are needed.

Objective. This is a prospective uncontrolled observational open label trial to describe the short-term outcomes and safety of intraventricular ribavirin in combination with oral isoprinosine in Filipino SSPE patients.

Methods. Sixteen (16) unrelated SSPE patients between ages 3-26 years and in various clinical stages were included in this study. Demographic data were described. Intraventricular instillation of ribavirin (1-3 mg/kg/dose) through an Ommaya reservoir was given for a duration of 3-6 months in 13 patients. The duration of follow-up was 48 weeks. The clinical outcome was assessed before, during, and after treatment using the Neurological Disability Index (NDI), Brief Assessment Examination (BAE), and clinical staging using the Jabbour Classification. Adverse side effects from intraventricular ribavirin were enumerated.

Results. Six of 13 (46.15%) patients mostly in Stage III illness had clinical improvement showing decreasing NDI and BAE scores during treatment and the clinical improvement was maintained or improved further during the 48-week follow-up period. Clinical improvement manifested as improved mental alertness, decrease in spasticity and reduction of seizures. The clinical staging of those who improved remained stable during and after treatment was discontinued. Five (38.46%) patients in Stage II disease worsened and progressed to Stage III despite ribavirin therapy including 1 (7.6%) patient who died after the treatment phase due to pneumonia and brainstem failure. The clinical course of two (15.38%) patients remained unchanged. Minor adverse side effects of ribavirin included transient fever, rash, oral sores, seizure episodes, drowsiness, bladder retention and mild increase in transaminases. Ommaya reservoir infection was a serious adverse event in 5 (31.25%) patients.

Conclusion. There is still no definitive cure for SSPE. Although ribavirin may help alleviate some of the symptoms of SSPE and prolong life, it may not reverse or halt the progression of the disease. Long term follow-up of these patients and continuous use of intraventricular ribavirin will better clarify its role in modifying the fatal course of SSPE. The role of ribavirin in Stage I patients and a controlled clinical trial in Stage II SSPE needs further studies.
Association of Serum Vitamin D Levels, IL-17a Levels with Disease Severity among 3- to 18-year-old Children with Asthma in the Philippine General Hospital
Authors: Tanega-Aliling Kristine , Tuazon Alexander O.
Published: May 2022

Background. Previous studies show that Vitamin D has an inverse relationship with asthma severity, symptoms, exacerbations, medication usage, and a direct relationship with lung function. IL-17A was found to be increased in asthmatics, which was inhibited by Vitamin D. Associations found between vitamin D, IL-17A, and asthma may support the future role of vitamin D in the treatment of asthma in children.

Objective. To compare vitamin D and IL-17A levels between children with and without asthma and determine their association with asthma severity

Study Design. Cross-sectional study

Methods. There were 44 participants, aged 3 to 18 years: 22 with asthma (12 non-severe, 10 severe) and 22 without asthma. Participants with any disease-altering vitamin D metabolism, intake of vitamin D supplementation, and recent infection were excluded. Serum vitamin D and IL-17A levels were measured in all participants.

Results. There was no significant difference in mean vitamin D levels between participants with asthma (29.6 ± 12.6 ng/mL) and without asthma (27.6 ± 9.5 ng/mL) (p = 0.55) as well as between participants with non-severe asthma (29.8 ± 14.0 ng/mL) and severe asthma (29.4 ± 11.5 ng/mL) (p = 0.95). The overall prevalence of hypovitaminosis D (< 30ng/mL) is 61.4%; 59.1% among those with asthma and 63.6% without asthma. The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and/or deficiency did not significantly differ between those with and without asthma (all p-value > 0.05); prevalence ratios were: 1.05 for vitamin D insufficiency, 0.58 for vitamin deficiency, and 0.92 for vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency combined. There was also no significant difference in the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and/or deficiency between severe and non-severe asthma (all p-values > 0.05), with prevalence ratios: 0.74 for vitamin D insufficiency, 0.50 for vitamin D deficiency, and 0.75 for vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency combined. Serum IL-17A levels were below the minimum detectable levels in 96% of the participants using the MILLIPLEX Map Human TH17 Magnetic Band Panel; hence, could not be analyzed.

Conclusion. The mean serum vitamin D levels do not differ between children with asthma and healthy controls. There was no significant relationship between mean vitamin D levels and asthma severity. There was no association between the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and/or deficiency and asthma and its severity. The overall prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in this study is 61.4%. Serum IL-17A levels were undetectable in 96% of the study population.
A Comparison of Actual versus Estimated Weights among Filipino Children Using the Original and Updated Advanced Paediatric Life Support (APLS) Formulae, Mercy Method and Broselow Tape: A Prospective Study
Authors: Castor Fides Roxanne M. , Cu Jonathan S.
Published: May 2022

Introduction. In resuscitating children, actual weight should be obtained before intervention. However, this is not always possible in the emergency setting. Identifying a simple, accurate, and precise method of weight estimation is essential in the delivery of optimal care for Filipino children seen at the emergency department.

Objectives. To evaluate and compare the accuracy and precision of different weight estimation methods in Filipino children.

Methods. A cross-sectional, single-center study was conducted among patients aged >28 days-12 years seen at the Philippine General Hospital Emergency Room. The traditional and updated Advanced Pediatric Life Support (APLS), Broselow tape, and Mercy Method were used for weight estimation. Bland Altman analysis was performed to see the mean difference and limits of agreement between actual and estimated weights of the children.

Results. Broselow tape gave the closest average weight estimate, overestimating it by 0.7 kg, followed by Mercy method at 0.955 kg higher than actual. Traditional APLS yielded 1.565 kg and the Updated APLS 3.299 kg. Mercy Method had the narrowest limit of agreement.

Conclusion. Among the four weight estimation methods, Broselow tape is the most accurate while the Mercy method is the most precise. Traditional APLS performed better than the updated APLS. Length-based methods and anthropometric surrogates proved to be more reliable than age-based formulae.
Efficacy and Safety of Prophylactic Antifungal Agents in Preventing Invasive Fungal Infection and Mortality among Infants Weighing Less than 1500 Grams: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Baltazar-Braganza Kathryn R. , Velasco-Aro Sally Jane
Published: May 2022

Background. Preterm infants with very low birth weight are at increased risk of invasive fungal infections. Preventive strategies are needed to improve their clinical course and survival.

Objectives. To assess the efficacy and safety of antifungal agents as prophylaxis in controlling invasive fungal infection and mortality in very low birth weight (VLBW) and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants in neonatal intensive care units.

Methods. We searched MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane databases, Google Scholar, Trip database, Herdin, and ClinicalTrials.gov without language restriction and publications from January 1988 to May 2021. We included randomized controlled trials or controlled clinical trials that compared the effect of prophylactic oral or systemic antifungal agents versus placebo in preterm infants < 37 weeks age of gestation and with birth weight lower than 1500 grams. We conducted a meta-analysis using RevMan 5.4.1 and certainty of evidence rating using GRADEpro software.

Results. A total of 14 studies (including 3,001 preterm infants with VLBW) were included. We found that prophylactic use of nystatin significantly reduced the incidence of invasive fungal infections (IFI) (pooled RR 0.16; 95% CI 0.11, 0.23; 4 RCTs, N = 1295; P < 0.00001; moderate certainty evidence) in preterm infants compared to placebo but had no significant effect on the mortality (RR 0.87; 95% CI 0.62, 1.23; 4 RCTs, N = 1295; P = 0.43; low certainty evidence). Similarly, fluconazole decreased the incidence of IFI (RR 0.38; 95% CI 0.28, 0.53; P = 0.02) and showed statistically significant reduction in mortality (RR 0.78; 95% CI 0.61, 0.99; RCTs, N = 1484; P = 0.04; high certainty evidence). The comparison of the two antifungals showed a trend favoring fluconazole, however the difference was not statistically significant in decreasing IFI (RR 1.60; 95% CI 0.68, 3.77; P = 0.28) and mortality (RR 1.62; 95% CI 0.76, 3.45; P = 0.21).

Conclusion. Administration of antifungal prophylaxis proves to be beneficial and can probably decrease invasive fungal infection and mortality. The evidence showed that Fluconazole is superior as antifungal prophylaxis compared to placebo while there is no significant difference between fluconazole and nystatin in decreasing fungal infection and mortality among preterm neonates.
Influence Of Procurement Best Practices On Performance Of Nca Registered Building Projects In Nairobi City County, Kenya
Authors: Osoro Marjorie Ongocha , Ndeto Charles
Published: May 2022

Purpose: The study aimed at establishing how reverse logistics management, supply chain outsourcing, strategic collaborations, and supply chain benchmarking influence the performance of NCA registered building projects

Methodology: To achieve this, the researcher reviewed both theoretical and empirical literature and proposed the research methodology that addressed the gaps identified in the literature as well as answered the stipulated research questions. A descriptive survey design was adopted by the study. A total of 289 commercial building projects registered by National Construction Authority in Nairobi City County was the target population, as shown in NCA (2020) directory. Using Kothari (2015) sample size formula, the study got 167 commercial building projects. This study used simple random sampling to get the firms. The study preferred this method because it allowed an in-depth study of the subject. To gather data, structured questionnaires were used to collect data. Once collected, data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Quantitative data was analysed using multiple regression analysis. The qualitative data generated was analyzed by use of the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21

Results and conclusion: The current study obtained an R2 of 64.7% and should therefore be expanded further in futhe ture in order to include other procurement best practices that may as well have a positive significance to the performance of NCA registered build projects.The findings of the study indicated that reverse logistics management, supply chain outsourcing, strategic collaborations and supply chain benchmarking have a positive relationship with performance of NCA registered building projects in Kenya.

Policy recommendation: the study recommended that institutions should embrace procurement best practices so as to improve performance and furtherresearchs should to be carried out in other institutions to find out if the same results can be obtained
BEST PRACTICES IN BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
Authors: W.S Paidi , Umam Akhmad Hairul
Published: May 2022

Running the trading or business in general is aimed at gaining the long-term profit. However, the trading made merely to earn profit without taking into account the service as well as the consumers’ satisfaction will not be sustainable. The objective of this research is to socialize the business in the manner applied by the Prophet Rasulullah Shollallahu’alaihi Wassalam. The research method is analytic descriptive.  Data or information obtained is sourced from the books, journals and various sources relevant to this journal topic. In running the business, Rasulullah always upholds the honesty, ethic, has never reduced the scale and size, free of riba (usury), does not practice the monopoly, is consistent in maintaining the mandate, is tolerant and pays the wages of his assistants before their sweats are dry as well as pays attention to the customers’ satisfaction. The smart Rasulullah SAW in running the business always focuses on the market shares he masters in. He is able to penetrate the new market, and very superior in conquering the hearts of the customers who will buy and use the goods he traded.
PRODUCT QUALITY, PRICE, AND TRUST TO INCREASE CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AT TERRACE CAFÉ PARK HOTEL
Authors: Haryono Sulistyo
Published: May 2022

The study aims to determine product quality, price, and trust in customer satisfaction at Terrace Café Park Hotel Jakarta. The data collection method in this study was conducted by survey method by distributing questionnaires that have been tested for validity and reliability to consumers who enjoy food at Terrace Café Hotel Park Jakarta. The sample withdrawal technique uses the purposive sampling technique. Respondents selected as a sample were consumers who at least twice enjoyed food at Terrace Cae Hotel Park Jakarta. The number of eligible samples was 170 questionnaires. Data processing is done using the Smart PLS application version 3. 2.9. Using significance the results showed that the quality of the product had a positive and significant impact on customer satisfaction. Price and trust also have a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction.
Desafios da vigilância em saúde no brasil: a carência de sistemas de integração em período de imersão tecnológica social
Authors: Leal Marcell Costa
Published: May 2022

Visando o planejamento de medidas de bem-estar público, assim como, análise geral da situação de saúde no Brasil, foi criado a Vigilância em Saúde, que hodiernamente divide-se em: ambiental, epidemiológica, do trabalhador e sanitária, e dentre suas finalidades a principal é, proteção da população, tal como, garantir a todos o Direito à Saúde. Para isso, descentraliza a responsabilidade em diferentes graus de risco, dividindo os assuntos que competem a estados e municípios, com o intuito de racionalizar despesas públicas e alongar sua a área de atuação e efetividade, entretanto, para tal, é necessário o monitoramento e a fiscalização do trabalho, elaborando assim ações específicas voltadas a necessidades específicas. Diante disso, o presente trabalho, através de uma metodologia de pesquisa qualitativa, tenta expor aos caros leitores a necessidade da inserção da tecnologia em uma das ramificações dos Direitos Fundamentais, a saúde, através de plataformas, que não só integre, mas sim auxilie o processo de abertura de empresas, emissão de alvarás, autos de intimação, penalidades, multas, denúncias, e principalmente tabelar os dados adquiridos, facilitando a identificação de possíveis inconsistências, além de potencializar o uso dos recursos públicos. Cabe ressaltar que, através da tecnologia a sociedade cada vez mais tem ciência de seus direitos e deveres, e devido a velocidade em que o mundo hodierno se transforma, principalmente em um período pós pandêmico, há um grande aumento nas demandas por ações de vigilância, demonstrando a carência de sistemas que possam integrar, assim como, aproximar e inovar as ações em estados e municípios, para que cada um possa conhecer e apontar as falhas existentes na aplicação desta garantia fundamental, visando melhorias no padrão de saúde da população brasileira.
A educação básica obrigatória e a inclusão digital: o desafio de implementação das tecnologias da informação e comunicação
Authors: Lima Anna Victória Masnei de
Published: May 2022

A educação básica e obrigatória, uma das dimensões do direito fundamental à educação previsto no art. 208, I da Constituição da República de 1988, abrange a faixa etária de 4 a 17 anos, compreendendo, assim, os ensinos infantil, fundamental e médio. A promoção de tal direito afeta ao Estado, às famílias e à sociedade, conforme a garantia expressa no artigo 205 do texto constitucional. Por outro lado, as tecnologias da informação e comunicação – TICs, são consideradas ferramentas de ensino, em sua maioria digitais, que visam proporcionar maior interatividade entre professores, alunos, e dinâmica nos processos de aprendizagem. Nesse contexto de interação das novas tecnologias com o ensino formal ofertado pelo Estado, o objetivo da pesquisa é demonstrar que, mesmo a educação sendo considerada direito fundamental pelo ordenamento jurídico, tem-se que não é ofertada de maneira igualitária a crianças e adolescentes em fase estudantil, principalmente no que diz respeito à implementação das TICs. A partir dos marcos teóricos consultados, torna-se possível vislumbrar que o maior desafio na efetividade dessas ferramentas está na inclusão digital, vez que parcela considerável dos estudantes não possui acesso à internet e às ferramentas digitais, como computadores e celulares. Além disso, considerando a importância da internet para a vida cotidiana, defende-se a possibilidade de incluí-la como direito fundamental, fomentando a adoção de políticas públicas que permitam a disseminação digital do conhecimento. Assim, a partir de método hipotético-dedutivo e revisão bibliográfica, a pesquisa analisará o papel do Estado na criação de políticas públicas efetivamente voltadas à área educacional, e que visem o pleno acesso de crianças e adolescentes às tecnologias da informação e comunicação, e à internet.