bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Web 2.0 and Opportunities for Entrepreneurs
Authors: Azab Nahed , Khalifa Nermine
Published: April 2013

The increasing value of Web 2.0 applications and their effects on consumers and organizations are frequently attracting academic and professional communities. A new set of new technologies, called Web 2.0, offers new opportunities, and blurs the boundaries between online and offline activities, opening a new era characterized by: openness, collaboration, and participation. It presents a new affordable channel for entrepreneurs in different sectors to market and build communities, and to receive a direct feedback about their products and services. Even though entrepreneurship in general and their use of Web 2.0 in particular are relatively new concepts especially in developing countries, entrepreneurship has gained a special interest in Egypt due to the success realized by some youth entrepreneurs who consider the Internet and different Web 2.0 applications as an integral aspect in their daily lives. Hence, the present chapter investigates opportunities for small businesses in the Web 2.0 era. In-depth semi-structured interviews were arranged with a number of Egyptian entrepreneurs who started their business. The research conducted revealed that Web 2.0 adoption by Egyptian entrepreneurs is affected by three main factors: age of entrepreneur, date of establishment of the company, and nature of the business: traditional or virtual. It was concluded also that Egyptian entrepreneurs are still at an early stage in using Web 2.0 since a large number of the sample used in this research are still reluctant to consider incorporating this technology in their working practice. For those already embracing Web 2.0, they limit such use on social media only without considering other applications (such as podcasts, really simple syndication, blogs, wikis, etc.), and they do not have clear objectives and strategies that govern such use. Findings of this study can provide helpful guidelines for small businesses to begin using and leveraging Web 2.0. This chapter provides a valuable contribution to the field of entrepreneurship and electronic business research. Specifically, the chapter highlights the applicability of Web 2.0 in entrepreneurial activities in developing countries: an area of research yet unexplored.
What Does Artificial Life Tell Us About Death?
Authors: Gershenson Carlos
Published: April 2013

This paper discusses how concepts developed within artificial life (ALife) can help demystify the notion of death. This is relevant because sooner or later we will all die; death affects us all. Studying the properties of living systems independently of their substrate, ALife describes life as a type of organization. Thus, death entails the loss of that organization. Within this perspective, different notions of death are derived from different notions of life. Also, the relationship between life and mind and the implications of death to the mind are discussed. A criterium is proposed in which the value of life depends on its uniqueness, i.e. a living system is more valuable if it is harder to replace. However, this does not imply that death in replaceable living systems is unproblematic. This is decided on whether there is harm to the system produced by death. The paper concludes with speculations about how the notion of death could be shaped in the future.
Noise Power Spectrum for Firecrackers
Authors: Patange K. B. , Khan A. R. , Behere S. H. , Shaikh Y. H.
Published: April 2013

Frequency of noise can affect human beings in different ways. The sound of firecrackers is a type of intensive impulsive noise, which is hazardous. In this paper, the noise produced by firecrackers during celebration festivals in Aurangabad (M.S.), India is measured. The noise is analyzed from the study of power spectra for different types of firecrackers. Noise measurements of firecrackers show that they produce high sound pressure peak levels at their characteristics frequencies. Plots of noise power versus frequency for different crackers are presented and the inferences are discussed. Typical firecracker peak noise levels are given.
Traffic Noise
Authors: Patange K. B. , Khan A. R. , Behere S. H. , Shaikh Y. H.
Published: April 2013

In this paper, the study of traffic noise is presented from the point of view of 1/f noise. Samples of Traffic Noise are collected from selected locations from busy roads of Aurangabad city in Maharashtra state (India) and data is analyzed. It is observed that in many cases the traffic noise possesses pink noise (1/f noise) prevailing over appreciable range of frequency. The log log plot of noise power versus frequency results in a straight line with a slope approximately equal to unity confirming the presence of pink noise. After certain frequency, the noise power no longer behaves like pink noise (1/f noise) and becomes more or less constant with random fluctuations. Plots of noise power versus frequency on log log basis for different locations studied are presented and the inferences are discussed.
Simulating the Spread of an Epidemic in a Small Rural Kansas Town
Authors: Easton Todd , Carlyle Kyle , Anderson Joseph , James Matthew
Published: April 2013

Substantial research has been dedicated to simulating the spread of infectious diseases. These simulation models have focused on major urban centers. Rural people have drastically different interaction and travel patterns than urban people. This paper describes a generic simulation package that can simulate the spread of an epidemic on a small rural town. This simulation package is then used to test the effectiveness of various mitigation strategies.
Orbit of an Image Under Iterated System II
Authors: Singh S. L. , Mishra S. N. , Jain Sarika
Published: April 2013

An orbital picture is a mathematical structure depicting the path of an object under Iterated Function System. Orbital and V-variable orbital pictures initially developed by Barnsley (2006) have utmost importance in computer graphics, image compression, biological modeling and other areas of fractal geometry. These pictures have been generated for linear and contractive transformations using function and superior iterative procedures. In this paper, the authors introduce the role of superior iterative procedure to find the orbital picture under an IFS consisting of non-contractive or non-expansive transformations. A mild comparison of the computed figures indicates the usefulness of study in computational mathematics and fractal image processing. A modified algorithm along with program code is given to compute a 2-variable superior orbital picture.
Rough Set Based Clustering Using Active Learning Approach
Authors: Kandwal Rekha , Mahajan Prerna , Vijay Ritu
Published: April 2013

This paper revisits the problem of active learning and decision making when the cost of labeling incurs cost and unlabeled data is available in abundance. In many real world applications large amounts of data are available but the cost of correctly labeling it prohibits its use. In such cases, active learning can be employed. In this paper the authors propose rough set based clustering using active learning approach. The authors extend the basic notion of Hamming distance to propose a dissimilarity measure which helps in finding the approximations of clusters in the given data set. The underlying theoretical background for this decision is rough set theory. The authors have investigated our algorithm on the benchmark data sets from UCI machine learning repository which have shown promising results.
An Observer Approach for Deterministic Learning Using Patchy Neural Networks with Applications to Fuzzy Cognitive Networks
Authors: Psillakis H. E. , Christodoulou M. A. , Giotis T. , Boutalis Y.
Published: April 2013

In this paper, a new methodology is proposed for deterministic learning with neural networks. Using an observer that employs the integral of the sign of the error term, asymptotic estimation of the respective nonlinear vector field is achieved. Patchy Neural Networks (PNNs) are introduced to identify the unknown nonlinearity from the observer’s output and the state measurements. The proposed scheme achieves learning with a single pass from the respective patches and does not need standard persistency of excitation conditions. Furthermore, the PNN weights are updated algebraically, reducing the computational load of learning significantly. Simulation results for a Duffing oscillator and a fuzzy cognitive network illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
The Co-Creation of the City
Authors: Iaconesi Salvatore , Persico Oriana
Published: April 2013

Is it possible to imagine novel forms of urban planning and of public policies regulating the ways in which people use city spaces by listening to citizens’ expressions, emotions, desires, and visions, as they ubiquitously emerge in real-time on social networks and on other sources of digital information? This chapter presents the theoretical and methodological approach, the investigation and research phases, the design and prototyping processes constituting the ConnectiCity initiative, a collaborative, multi-disciplinary series of projects in which artists, scientists, anthropologists, engineers, communicators, architects, and institutions participated to the design of innovative ubiquitous and pervasive systems which were able to transform the ways in which the concepts of urban planning and city-wide decision-making are defined. Novel forms of urban life were imagined, in which cities became the time/space continuum for multiple, stratified layers of information expressing the ideas, goals, visions, emotions, and forms of expression for multiple cultures and backgrounds, producing new opportunities for citizenship: more active, aware, and engaged in the production of urban reality, and in the transformation of city spaces into possibilistic frameworks.
Reducing Response Burden for Enterprises Combining Methods for Data Collection on the Internet
Authors: Vik Torgeir
Published: April 2013

For many years enterprises have complained about their response burden in reporting to National Agencies, and it is necessary to find ways to reduce this burden. This is complicated, because in a modern society there is a need for even more reports and statistics. However, almost all data reporting from enterprises may be retrieved from existing data within the companies (Norwegian ELMER report 2001). For some areas it is easy to automate the reporting process. In other areas it is more complex because data exists in a variety of computer systems, and the systems are different in different enterprises. The Norwegian Government have financed a National system named Altinn for electronic reporting and communication between National Agencies and enterprises, and this system has functionality that makes it possible to combine traditional Web questionnaires with automated reporting. The Altinn system has been in production since 2003, and experiences from this are used in this chapter to demonstrate that enterprises prefer automatic reporting if this is an option. In this chapter the authors describe functionalities for combined reporting and how it reduces the response burden.
Best Practice in Online Survey Research with Sensitive Topics
Authors: Kays Kristina M. , Keith Tashina L. , Broughal Michael T.
Published: April 2013

This chapter addresses the main considerations in online survey research with sensitive topics. Advances in technology have allowed numerous options in addressing survey design, and thus created a need to evaluate and consider best approaches when using online survey research. This chapter identifies subjects such as item non-response in online survey research. In addition, this chapter includes a description of the differences in researching non-sensitive topics versus sensitive topics, and then lists a number of best practice strategies to reduce item non-response and improve the quality of survey data obtained. Included are specific considerations for defining sensitive topics and addressing gender differences when surveying more sensitive material. Additional resources in online survey research design are recommended.
Exploring Lived Experience through Ambient Research Methods
Authors: McNely Brian J.
Published: April 2013

The daily realities of lived experience are increasingly mediated by interactions with ambient data—the granular, almost atmospheric mists of media that surround us and enrich our lives. Ambient data is often experienced and generated through literate action—through non-obvious writing work in social software applications, and through composing and sharing images and videos via mobile devices. Contemporary ethnography may attempt to explore lived experience by tracing and accounting for the literate practices of participants across private, semi-public, and public networks. This chapter details methods for researching the ambient data of lived experience within the broader context of ethnographic methodology, offering case histories detailing ambient research methods in both industry and academe.
Utilising New Media Technology
Authors: Hinchcliffe Vanessa , Gavin Helen
Published: April 2013

Utilising emergent media technology for data collection is rapidly advancing. As the technology continues to develop, there is increasing need to understand the practicalities, challenges, and opportunities that it holds for social and business research methods. This chapter presents a practical guide to using one form of new media technology, Web-based diaries, and, in doing so, provides a base on which research practitioners, from Masters students to professors, can build similar empirical research projects. Rationale for choosing this “novel” data collection tool is contextualised in a case study with university student participants with autistic spectrum disorder that explores disability support services. Sampling, ethics, and design are set out, with a step-by-step guide to the diary schedules’ construction. Materials and procedures are supported by screenshots to aid readers’ experience of the Web-based diary interface and critical description of its use. The challenges and opportunities this technique offers are subsequently explored.
Methodological Considerations of Qualitative Email Interviews
Authors: Nehls Kimberly
Published: April 2013

Qualitative email interviews are becoming more commonplace in social science and business research. A synthesis of all known literature on email interviews is presented here, specifically focusing on the advantages and disadvantages of online interviewing. Advantages include low cost, automatic transcription, and minimal barriers to participation. Disadvantages include a significant written effort on behalf of respondent and lack of sensory and emotional cues. The conceptual themes, developed as a literature review and reflection of the author’s own research experiences, should be considered by researchers engaged in online qualitative data collection. Ethical considerations of this method and future recommendations are also presented in this chapter.
Using Multimedia Stimulus Materials in an Electronic Interview to Gain In-Depth Responses from Professionals
Authors: Vincent Jill , Stacey Kaye
Published: April 2013

In this chapter the authors describe a case study of an electronic interview with accompanying multimedia stimulus resources that was used to obtain in-depth data from a specific group of professionals. Set in the context of mathematics education, the case study sought data related to the interviewees’ beliefs, professional decision-making, reflective observations, and evaluations of quality mathematics teaching. The experiences in the case study led the researchers to believe that an electronic interview with rich electronic stimulus material has great potential for other researchers. The quality of responses as affected by potential threats such as the effect of physical separation, time lapse, and response distortion including from social desirability, and participation in various aspects of the interview process are briefly reported. The main emphasis, however, is on the construction of the multimedia resources themselves and how they have contributed to building a shared language with participants to discuss subtle constructs.
The E-Interview in Qualitative Research
Authors: Bampton Roberta , Cowton Christopher , Downs Yvonne
Published: April 2013

In this chapter the authors consider using email as a method for carrying out in-depth, qualitative research interviews. Prompted by an experience of conducting e-interviews, they set out some of their key characteristics, embedding their discussion in the methodological and conceptual literature on qualitative interview and on-line research. The authors then offer a methodological consideration of e-interviewing, focusing on three broad areas: the practical, the interpersonal, and the ethical, highlighting the ways in which e-interviewing transforms aspects of each. They end by offering a view of the future of e-interviewing in the broader landscape of on-line qualitative research methods in general and interviewing in particular.
Overexpression of SIRT1 Protein in Neurons Protects against Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis through Activation of Multiple SIRT1 Targets
Authors: Nimmagadda Vamshi K. , Bever Christopher T. , Vattikunta Narasimha R. , Talat Saifi , Ahmad Vakas , Nagalla Naveen K. , Trisler David , Judge Susan I. V. , Royal Walter , Chandrasekaran Krish , Russell James W. , Makar Tapas K.
Published: April 2013

Treatment of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) with resveratrol, an activator of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), reduces disease severity. This suggested that activators of SIRT1, a highly conserved NAD-dependent protein deacetylase, might have immune-modulating or neuroprotective therapeutic effects in EAE. Previously, we showed that SIRT1 expression increases in EAE, suggesting that it is an adaptive response. In this study, we investigated the potential function of SIRT1 in regulating EAE using SIRT1-overexpressing mice. The current studies examine potential neuroprotective and immunomodulatory effects of SIRT1 overexpression in chronic EAE induced by immunization of C57BL/6 mice with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide 35–55. SIRT1 suppressed EAE clinical symptoms compared with wild-type EAE mice and prevented or altered the phenotype of inflammation in spinal cords; as a result, demyelination and axonal injury were reduced. Significant neuroprotective effects were observed, with fewer apoptotic cells found in the spinal cords of SIRT1-overexpressing EAE mice associated with increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor and NAD levels. Earlier, we showed that brain-derived neurotrophic factor and NAD play crucial neuroprotective roles in EAE. These results suggest that SIRT1 reduces neuronal loss in this chronic demyelinating disease model and that this is associated with a reduction in inflammation.
Clinical-Grade Multipotent Adult Progenitor Cells Durably Control Pathogenic T Cell Responses in Human Models of Transplantation and Autoimmunity
Authors: Reading James L. , Yang Jennie H. M. , Sabbah Shereen , Skowera Ania , Knight Robin R. , Pinxteren Jef , Vaes Bart , Allsopp Timothy , Ting Anthony E. , Busch Sarah , Raber Amy , Deans Robert , Tree Timothy I. M.
Published: April 2013

A major goal of immunotherapy remains the control of pathogenic T cell responses that drive autoimmunity and allograft rejection. Adherent progenitor cells, including mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and multipotent adult progenitor cells (MAPCs), represent attractive immunomodulatory cell therapy candidates currently active in clinical trials. MAPCs can be distinguished from MSCs on the basis of cellular phenotype, size, transcriptional profile, and expansion capacity. However, despite their ongoing evaluation in autoimmune and allogeneic solid organ transplantation settings, data supporting the immune regulatory potential of clinical-grade MAPCs are limited. In this study, we used allogeneic islet transplantation as a model indication to assess the ability of clinical-grade MAPCs to control T cell responses that drive immunopathology in human autoimmune disease and allograft rejection. MAPCs suppressed T cell proliferation and Th1 and Th17 cytokine production while increasing secretion of IL-10 and were able to suppress effector functions of bona fide autoreactive T cells from individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus, including killing of human islets. Furthermore, MAPCs favored the proliferation of regulatory T cells during homeostatic expansion driven by γ-chain cytokines and exerted a durable, yet reversible, control of T cell function. MAPC suppression required licensing and proceeded via IDO-mediated tryptophan catabolism. Therefore, the common immune modulatory characteristics of clinical-grade MAPCs shown in this study suggest that they can be regarded as an alternative source of adult progenitor cells with similar clinical usefulness to MSCs. Taken collectively, these findings may guide the successful deployment of both MSCs and MAPCs for the amelioration of human autoimmunity and allograft rejection.
IκBζ Is a Transcriptional Key Regulator of CCL2/MCP-1
Authors: Hildebrand Dominic G. , Alexander Eva , Hörber Sebastian , Lehle Simon , Obermayer Kerstin , Münck Niels-Arne , Rothfuss Oliver , Frick Julia-Stefanie , Morimatsu Masami , Schmitz Ingo , Roth Johannes , Ehrchen Jan M. , Essmann Frank , Schulze-Osthoff Klaus
Published: April 2013

CCL2, also referred to as MCP-1, is critically involved in directing the migration of blood monocytes to sites of inflammation. Consequently, excessive CCL2 secretion has been linked to many inflammatory diseases, whereas a lack of expression severely impairs immune responsiveness. We demonstrate that IκBζ, an atypical IκB family member and transcriptional coactivator required for the selective expression of a subset of NF-κB target genes, is a key activator of the Ccl2 gene. IκBζ-deficient macrophages exhibited impaired secretion of CCL2 when challenged with diverse inflammatory stimuli, such as LPS or peptidoglycan. These findings were reflected at the level of Ccl2 gene expression, which was tightly coupled to the presence of IκBζ. Moreover, mechanistic insights acquired by chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrate that IκBζ is directly recruited to the proximal promoter region of the Ccl2 gene and is required for transcription-enhancing histone H3 at lysine-4 trimethylation. Finally, IκBζ-deficient mice showed significantly impaired CCL2 secretion and monocyte infiltration in an experimental model of peritonitis. Together, these findings suggest a distinguished role of IκBζ in mediating the targeted recruitment of monocytes in response to local inflammatory events.
Jurassic stratigraphy in the northwestern Teslin and northeastern Whitehorse map areas, Yukon Territory
Authors: Jakobs G K
Published: April 2013

Sediments of the Laberge Group in the northwestern Teslin (105C) and northeastern Whitehorse (105D) map areas have yielded poorly preserved Early Jurassic ammonoids of Sinemurian to possibly Hettangian age. Strata to the west of Swift Lake and southeast of Streak
Mountain are comprised of interbedded volcanic-granitic pebble/cobble conglomerate, greywacke, and siltstone, probably representing upper- to mid-fan channel deposits. Strata to the west of Mt. M'Clintock are comprised primarily of interbedded mudstone/siltstone, probably deposited on the lower fan
or basinal plain. The mudstone/siltstone sequence overlies a basal volcanic-carbonate pebble/cobble conglomerate, which in turn sharply overlies limestone.
Lithochemistry and aqueous metal transport in the Keno Hill mining district, central Yukon Territory
Authors: Kwong Y T J , Roots C , Kettley W
Published: April 2013

To facilitate remediation and further exploration in the former silver mining camp of the Keno Hill district, this study investigates pertinent water-rock/sediment interactions. Water, rock and sediment samples collected in early and late summer were analyzed to
clarify the regional lithochemistry, seasonal change in water chemistry and the impact of mining on the water quality of local streams. Preliminary results indicate that discharge from many mine workings contains elevated metal concentrations, especially Zn and Cd. However, acid rock drainage is not
widespread because of galvanic protection of pyrite from oxidative dissolution and neutralization by carbonate in the country rock. Mechanisms apparently operative to limit aqueous metal transport in small streams include cryogenic precipitation, coprecipitation, sorption and rarely dilution.
Because Cu, Pb and As are not easily mobilized in the region their occurrence in stream sediments may indicate a nearby source of silver mineralization.
Upper Triassic to Middle Jurassic biostratigraphic and facies studies in the Iskut River map area, northwestern British Columbia
Authors: Jakobs G K , Pálfy J
Published: April 2013

New ammonite and other macrofossil collections improve or confirm the biostratigraphy of Norian, possible Rhaetian, uppermost Hettangian to lowermost Sinemurian, Upper Pliensbachian, upper Aalenian, Lower Bajocian, Upper Bathonian, and Lower Callovian strata in
the Iskut River map area (104B). Sedimentary facies within the Hazelton Group record diverse and laterally variable depositional environments controlled by their tectonic setting and relation to volcanic sources. Oolitic limestone in the Jack formation and laminated algal limestone in the Betty
Creek Formation are locally significant. The basal member (bioclastic unit) of the Salmon River Formation, which overlies felsic volcanic strata, is interpreted as a transgressive lag deposit that is laterally extensive. In the Treaty Ridge section two bioclastic units overlie felsic pyroclastic
rocks. The lower unit is probably Toarcian in age and the upper is Early Bajocian, but their biostratigraphic correlation with the similar successions east of the Bowser River is ambiguous.
Biostratigraphic and facies studies of the Telkwa Formation (Lower Jurassic), Smithers map area, British Columbia
Authors: Pálfy J , Schmidt K L
Published: April 2013

Observations on four sections of Upper Sinemurian sedimentary units within the Telkwa Formation show that they were formed in two distinct stratigraphic intervals. Ammonite biostratigraphy suggests that two of these sections should be assigned to the Varians
Assemblage (lower Upper Sinemurian), and the other two to the upper part of the Harbledownense Assemblage (upper Upper Sinemurian). Carbonate accumulation, locally attaining 200 m in thickness, is documented from both intervals. Lithofacies and biofacies characteristics indicate predominantly
onshore, shallow subtidal depositional environments subjected to storms and controlled by local paleogeography restricting volcaniclastic input.
Magnetostratigraphic potential of Longarm Formation (Lower Cretaceous) strata, Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia
Authors: Haggart J W , Verosub K L
Published: April 2013

A new magnetostratigraphic study of Cretaceous rocks of the Queen Charlotte Islands should improve the resolution of local and regional correlations and help assess possible latitudinal displacements. Preliminary sampling of Longarm Formation strata was done at
three widely spaced localities in the islands (NTS 103C, F) to test the preserved magnetic signal. Biostratigraphic data suggest the sections include Hauterivian, Barremian, and Aptian strata. All samples have magnetizations of moderate intensity and almost all reached stable endpoints during
alternating field demagnetization. Stable endpoint inclinations are generally negative and commonly quite steep. Declinations are somewhat scattered but tend to fall in the southwest quadrant. Rock magnetic studies indicate that the principal magnetic carrier is very fine-grained magnetite. On the
basis of this pilot study, we conclude that Longarm Formation strata contain a primary remanent magnetization suitable for magnetostratigraphic and tectonic studies.
New results in Jura-Cretaceous stratigraphy, northern Vancouver Island, British Columbia
Authors: Haggart J W , Tipper H W
Published: April 2013

Jurassic-Cretaceous strata were studied on northern Vancouver Island. Early Sinemurian fossils were collected from an isolated outcrop consisting of interstratified thin sandstone and shale, and thin tuffaceous beds. We correlate these strata with the Harbledown
Formation. Probable Pliensbachian ammonites were collected from a section of volcanic lithic-rich sandstone just south of central Holberg Inlet and are probably correlative with ?Pliensbachian rocks recognized in western Quatsino Sound. Similar Cretaceous rocks occur on Queen Charlotte Islands.
However, there are important dissimilarities in the successions of the two regions and the stratigraphic nomenclature of northern Vancouver Island requires revision. The Blumberg Formation conglomerate sequence represents a submarine fan complex which prograded into a marine basin during Late
Cretaceous (post-Cenomanian to Coniacian?) time. This unit is lithologically similar to, and probably equivalent with, Late Cretaceous Honna Formation fan complexes of Queen Charlotte Islands.
Greater Vancouver Geotechnical Database (British Columbia): Richmond Pilot Project
Authors: Monahan P A , Luternauer J L
Published: April 2013

The Richmond Pilot Project was initiated to determine the extent and availability of geotechnical data in western Richmond and to serve as a model for a public geotechnical database in Greater Vancouver. A large volume of data acquired directly by public agencies
is available for the database and is concentrated along highways and at the airport. Data acquired for public buildings by consultants are not available to the database, but are available to individual researchers. These data are widely distributed throughout western Richmond. Private data, not
currently available to the database, are concentrated in the downtown and commercial areas of Richmond and include less useful data than those in the other categories. We suggest the database include a record of significant data that are not generally available, particularly those acquired for
public buildings, and contain copies of original borehole logs.
Seismic definition of the triangle zone east of Maycroft, Alberta
Authors: Lawton D C , Stockmal G S , Spratt D
A
Published: April 2013

Interpreted seismic reflection data from the Oldman River area of the southern Alberta Foothills reveals the progressive eastward advancement of triangle zone deformation into the Alberta Foreland Basin. Seismic data, of mid-1970s vintage, along an east-west
transect across the triangle zone were reprocessed in order to enhance images of shallow reflectors and provide linkage between surface and subsurface structural interpretations. Interpretation was assisted by the analysis of velocity anomalies caused by lateral changes in thicknesses of rocks with
relatively low seismic velocities. It was found that deep structures are not tightly folded or overturned, and a sequence of successively younger backthrusts developed progressively toward the foreland. Important detachment horizons are within the St. Mary River and Bearpaw formations, and near the
base of the Belly River Group. Ramps in the deeper thrusts have developed above normal faults that cut Paleozoic and basement rocks.
Characterization of gold and PGE-bearing placer concentrates from the North Saskatchewan River, Edmonton, Alberta
Authors: Harris D C , Ballantyne S B
Published: April 2013

Electron microprobe and scanning electron microscope analyses show that the principal PGMs are Pt-Fe alloys, Os-Ir-Ru alloys, rare native platinum, hongshiite, and sperrylite. The Pt-Fe alloys occur mainly as platelets, rarely as spheres, and as rods. Their (Fe,
Cu, Ni) content ranges from 10 to 32at.%, with minor to trace amounts of Os, Ir, Rh, Pd, and Ru; inclusions consist of chalcopyrite, bornite, osmium, cooperite, irarsite, hollingworthite, laurite, and several unidentified sulphide, arsenide, telluride, and antimonide phases. The Os-Ir-Ru grains
are of a size similar to those of the Pt-Fe alloys and plot in the osmium, iridium, ruthenium, and rutheniridosmine compositional fields. Gold grains occur in a variety of shapes and sizes. Their chemical composition ranges in fineness from 550 to 950+ (electrum and native gold). Amalgamation with
mercury was observed in many grains.
Borehole geophysics applied to mapping Paleozoic stratigraphy, Grand Rapids area, Manitoba
Authors: Mwenifumbo C J
Published: April 2013

Multiparameter geophysical measurements, including natural gamma-ray spectrometry, gamma-gamma density, resistivity, induced polarization (IP), magnetic susceptibility, temperature, and temperature gradient, were made in borehole M-6-91 in the Grand Rapids area
of Manitoba. The stratigraphy intersected by M-6-91 consists of Silurian and Ordovician carbonate formations. The different Paleozoic carbonate formations are accurately mapped by their distinctive geophysical signatures. Argillaceous horizons that define some formation boundaries are characterized
by relatively high radioactivity and can be easily detected on the total count gamma-ray log. The different formations, consisting mainly of dolomite, have distinctive densities and resistivities that proved useful in defining lithostratigraphic boundaries in zones without a prominent argillaceous
marker horizon. There are slight variations in the natural gamma-ray count rate and IP response within the dolomites, and these variations are probably due to the presence of clay in the dolomites. Temperature logs show changes that indicate groundwater flow zones.
Diagenetic paragenesis of Swan Hills carbonates (Middle-Upper Devonian) in the Devonian Deep Basin of west-central Alberta
Authors: Qing H , Wendte J
Published: April 2013

Petrographic analyses of Swan Hills carbonates (Middle-Upper Devonian) from the deeply buried subsurface (2500-4000 m) of west-central Alberta indicate that these carbonates underwent diagenesis in submarine and subsurface environments, without significant
modifications from shallow, meteoric waters. Submarine diagenetic products include syntaxial, micritic, microspar, and fibrous calcite cements that precipitated in interparticle pores of some carbonates and significantly reduced porosity. Meteoric waters associated with subaerial exposure had
minimal effect due to the short intervals of exposure, the prevailing arid climate, and the original calcitic mineralogy. Subsurface diagenetic products include blocky calcite cement (400-500 microns), stylolites, matrix replacement dolomites and associated dissolution vugs, saddle dolomite,
coarsely crystalline anhydrite cement, late stage macrocrystalline (centimetre size) calcite cement, elemental sulphur, and pyrobitumen. Dissolution associated with matrix dolomitization created sufficient porosity and permeability to sustain gas production. Limestones that did not undergo
dolomitization lost porosity through stylolitization and cementation as they were more deeply buried and, as a consequence, lack reservoir quality.
Major element composition of recent arctic marine sediments: some preliminary comparisons
Authors: Skibo D N , Nassichuk W W
Published: April 2013

In order to assess contaminant sources and mechanisms for transport and dispersal of contaminants in the Arctic Ocean, baseline data on organic and inorganic contaminant concentrations in seabed sediments are being assembled by scientists from Canada and other
cpolarª nations from the entire Arctic Ocean basin. In this report we present preliminary data on the major inorganic element composition of seabed sediments from selected areas of the Barents Sea, the Beaufort Sea, and the Polar Continental Shelf. These data complement organic data that we have
previously released on polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and total organic carbon (TOC) in the Arctic Ocean. Some anomalously high values for manganese are noted. Further, we discuss the dependency of concentrations of specific
elements on the grain size composition (clay, silt, sand) of sediments on the seafloor.
Preliminary stratigraphy of Lower and Middle Cambrian rocks, east-central Ellesmere Island, Canadian Arctic Islands
Authors: Thompson C E , Pratt B R
Published: April 2013

The Lower and Middle Cambrian succession of east-central Ellesmere Island was examined between Bache Peninsula and Makinson Inlet. The basal unit consists of sandstone of the Dallas Bugt Formation. This is overlain by dolomitized ooidal grainstones and peritidal
laminites of the Cape Leiper Formation. Succeeding Lower Cambrian units are shallow-subtidal dolostones of the Cape Ingersoll and Cape Kent formations, with a thin, intervening sandy limestone belonging to the Police Post Formation. The Middle Cambrian Cape Wood Formation is composed of limestone
and dolostone that is also of shallow-subtidal aspect, and it is overlain by deeper subtidal, mixed siliciclastic-carbonate strata of the Upper Cambrian-Lower Ordovician Cass Fjord Formation. These units are readily mappable along strike for at least 250 km.
Physical properties of Canadian kimberlites from Fort à la Corne, Saskatchewan
Authors: Scromeda N , Katsube T J , Bernius G , Kjarsgaard B
A
Published: April 2013

Physical properties (electrical resistivity, formation factor, magnetic susceptibility, density, and porosity) have been determined for five crater-facies kimberlite samples from Fort à la Corne (Saskatchewan), as part of a basic physical rock property study
underway to provide information required for exploration activity in progress for kimberlite-hosted diamond deposits in Canada. Previous reports on physical properties had limited information on crater-facies kimberlites. The purpose of this study was to expand the data base. Results indicate that
physical properties of these crater-facies kimberlite samples somewhat differ from those previously reported. They include the largest magnetic susceptibility and smallest bulk electrical resistivity values. The bulk density is at the lower end and the effective porosity at the higher end within the
previously reported values. Generally, crater-facies rocks appear to be relatively porous as compared to the hypabyssal facies, suggesting they are more susceptible to alteration. Therefore, the resistivity and porosity characteristics of these samples may be representative of typical
crater-kimberlites.
The stratigraphic and tectonic significance of the Rocky Brook conglomerate in the western Cape Breton Highlands, Nova Scotia: a re-evaluation
Authors: Lin S , van Staal C R , Barr S
M
Published: April 2013

The Jumping Brook Metamorphic Suite of the Aspy terrane mainly consists of a metasedimentary sequence and meta-pillow basalt. The Rocky Brook conglomerate was previously interpreted to be basal to the former and to stratigraphically overlie the latter. New
observations indicate that the conglomerate is not an integral part of the suite. Therefore, the previous interpretation of the internal stratigraphic sequence of the Jumping Brook Metamorphic Suite should be re-evaluated, and the presence of clasts of the Cheticamp Pluton (a possible piece of Bras
d'Or terrane rocks in the Aspy terrane) in the conglomerate has no direct bearing on the relationship between the pluton and the suite or between the Aspy and Bras d'Or terranes. The conglomerate is interpreted to be associated with, and possibly basal to, greywacke that was previously mapped
incorrectly as correlative with the pillow basalt. A likely Late Silurian-Early Devonian age is inferred for the conglomerate and greywacke.
Application of computer neural network, and fuzzy set logic to petroleum geology, offshore eastern Canada
Authors: Huang Z , Shimeld J , Williamson M
Published: April 2013

Computer neural networks and fuzzy set logic are new advances in artificial intelligence that hold promise for geological applications. A neural network can model complicated geological problems better than most conventional approaches. Fuzzy set logic can more
efficiently process incomplete and imprecise information typically found in geosciences. In this paper, we outline both neural networks and fuzzy set logic and illustrate their utility in geoscientific research. One example models the relationship between well logs and rock permeability through
application of neural networks for the Venture Gas Field, Sable Basin. The trained neural network performs well in permeability prediction from well logs. Another example demonstrates how open fracture are detected with conventional well logs using a fuzzy set logic algorithm in the Jeanne d'Arc
Basin. The fractures index curves produced by fuzzy inference algorithms correlate with known fractured zones, and reveal the extent of fracturing in zones where direct fracture information is not available.
Petroleum resource assessments - a fractal approach
Authors: Lee F C , Lee P J
Published: April 2013

Possible applications of the property of fractal self-similarity in the petroleum assessments of a single natural population are considered. Among the fractal functions tested, the power function (Y=Xþ) is the most versatile. Using this function, one can predict
yet-to-be discovered oil and gas pools within a population.
Application of temperature logging to mapping coal seams
Authors: Mwenifumbo C J
Published: April 2013

High precision, high resolution continuous temperature measurements were recorded in shallow holes at the Highvale open pit coal mine, Alberta. The temperature data acquired shortly after drilling provided useful information on the location of permeable zones
within sandstones and also detected the coal seams. Higher temperatures were observed within coal seams compared to sedimentary rock formations. Temperature logging done ten to fifteen days after drilling indicated that borehole fluid temperatures were close to equilibrium formation temperatures.
Temperature gradient data derived from these quasi-equilibrium borehole temperature measurements accurately defined the depths and thicknesses of coal seams and were successfully used in hole-to-hole correlation of coal seams between several holes separated by up to 2.5 km.
Progress report and field activities of the Fraser Valley hydrogeology project, British Columbia
Authors: Ricketts B D
Published: April 2013

Progress on the development of groundwater databases and regional hydrostratigraphic mapping in the lower Fraser Valley are reported. The field program was designed to evaluate how different geophysical methods might be used for groundwater exploration, and to
expand the existing well water database with geophysical data.
The groundwater database, Fraser Valley, British Columbia
Authors: Ricketts B D , Dunn D
Published: April 2013

A flexible and expandable database has been developed for groundwater studies in the Fraser Lowlands. Currently, the database contains information from about 4300 water wells. The data are being used in a GIS platform to develop 2-dimensional hydrostratigraphic
cross-sections and subsurface maps, and 3-dimensional models of specific aquifers.
Preliminary results from a shallow seismic reflection survey, Lower Fraser Valley hydrogeology project, British Columbia
Authors: Pullan S E , Good R L , Ricketts B D
Published: April 2013

The results of the testing phase of a shallow seismic reflection survey carried out in 1994 as a component of the Lower Fraser Valley hydrogeology project are summarized in this paper. The quality of the seismic reflection data obtained varied widely across the
survey area, depending primarily upon surface geological conditions. In some areas where the surface materials were fine grained and water saturated, excellent data were obtained and continuous seismic profiles from these areas are expected to yield subsurface structural information to depths of up
to 800 m below surface. Other areas proved to be unsuitable for the application of shallow seismic reflection techniques.
Shear wave velocities of Holocene sediments, Fraser River delta, British Columbia
Authors: Hunter J A
Published: April 2013

Shear wave velocity measurements of Holocene deltaic sediments have been compiled for 119 surface and borehole seismic sites in the Fraser River delta to depths of 100m. The data show a narrow velocity-depth distribution for widely separated sites. A
least-squares velocity-depth function has been fitted to the data so that this analytical expression may be used as one input parameter for earthquake ground-motion amplification modelling and cyclic liquefaction studies.
Ground penetrating radar survey of the Katz slide, southwestern British Columbia
Authors: Brooks G R , Pilon J A
Published: April 2013

The Katz slide near Hope, British Columbia, is the site of two large prehistoric rock avalanches. Much of the debris field of the older of the two landslides is buried beneath floodplain sediments, thus its distribution over the valley bottom is not known
exactly. Ground penetrating radar (GPR) was used over this older deposit to test the ability of the equipment to resolve buried, very coarse substratum and to map the extent of the deposit. Seven GPR profiles were obtained with most of the returns containing two distinctive GPR facies. One facies
consists of chaotic, discontinuous, hyperbolic reflectors that are interpreted as blocky landslide debris. The other facies contains laterally continuous, horizontal reflectors which represent floodplain deposits. As mapped using GPR data, the toe of the older debris field appears truncated by the
Fraser River, suggesting that landslide debris once extended further across the valley bottom.
Early historical and ethnographical accounts of large earthquakes and tsunamis on western Vancouver Island, British Columbia
Authors: Clague J J
Published: April 2013

Abundant geological evidence has been found for one or more large earthquakes on the Cascadia subduction zone about 300 years ago. The earthquakes produced severe shaking, crustal subsidence, and large tsunamis along the Pacific coast from Vancouver Island to
northern California and must have profoundly affected the people living in these areas. Northwest Coast Indian oral traditions record, albeit in an exaggerated way, tsunamis triggered by these rare, plate-boundary events. The oldest known historical earthquake in British Columbia, in February 1793,
was recorded by Spanish explorers wintering at Nootka Sound on Vancouver Island and may have occurred at shallow depth in the crust or deeper, within the subducting Juan de Fuca plate.
Tertiary volcanic stratigraphy of the Clisbako River area, central British Columbia
Authors: Metcalfe P , Hickson C J
Published: April 2013

Eocene volcanic rocks exposed in the Clisbako River area of central British Columbia host potentially economic epithermal alteration and mineralization. Two major assemblages were identified by mapping and petrography. Weakly plagioclase+augite-phyric
intermediate volcanics are exposed throughout the area. This assemblage comprises flow breccias grading laterally and upsection into colonnade- forming and flow-laminated lavas. The second assemblage is identified by euhedral biotite phenocrysts and comprises rhyolite flow domes and pyroclastic
units. The latter contain accidental blocks of plagioclase+augite-phyric dacite. In the central area rare exposures of quartz porphyry contain relict biotite phenocrysts. Eocene volcanic rocks form a circular highland area, 50 km in diameter. Biotite-phyric pyroclastic rocks occurring in the centre
and southeast are interpreted as the products of a large pyroclastic eruption. The area is interpreted as the erosional remnant of a large caldera, partially filled with basaltic lavas of the Chilcotin Group.