bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predominant Maternal Risk Factors Increase the Prevalence of Caesarean Section Deliveries: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Reproductive-Aged Women Population
Authors: Pavlidou Eleni , Papadopoulou Sousana K. , Alexatou Olga , Psara Evmorfia , Papandreou Dimitrios , Menzelou Maria , Sampani Anastasia , Tryfonos Christina , Spanoudaki Maria , Tsourouflis Gerasimos , Voulgaridou Gavriela , Toli Eleana , Giaginis Constantinos
Published: June 2023

Background: There is an exponential increase in caesarean sections with epidemic proportions worldwide, which is considered as a serious public health issue that influences negatively both maternal and childhood health. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the associations between pre-dominant maternal risk factors and the prevalence of caesarean section in a representative sample of women from Greece. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 5182 healthy, re-productive-aged women from 11 geographically diverse Greek areas after applying specific inclu-sion and exclusion criteria. Statistical analysis was applied to evaluate the impact of maternal so-ciodemographic, anthropometric, lifestyle and perinatal factors in the risk of caesarean section de-liveries. Results: A high prevalence of 56.4% of caesarean section deliveries was recorded in the study population. The incidence of caesarean sections reached to 51.5% in private hospitals in which an increasing rate of 47.5% for planned caesarean sections were noticed. Older maternal age, pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity, excess gestational weight gain, high rates of preterm birth, better economic status, smoking habits, and private type of birth hospital were significantly related with enhanced risk of caesarean section, independently of multiple confounding factors. Conclu-sions: Our study revealed that caesarean section rates are continuously increase, while several maternal risk factors, including especially pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity and excess gestational weight gain, cumulatively raise its prevalence which further increase the risk for postnatal adverse outcomes for both the mothers and their children. Emergent public health policies and strategies should be promoted to confront the predominant maternal risk factors-related with caesarean sec-tion and inform future mothers how to be prevented from them by applying healthier nutritional and lifestyle habits and to select caesarean section only due to emergency medical reasons. Alarmingly enough, targeted nutritional intervention strategies are strongly recommended to ef-fectively reduce the prevalence of maternal pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity and the excess gestational weight gain, which in turn may minimize the risk of childhood overweight/obesity.
Perception of the Intrashift Pass as a Tool for Reducing Uncertainty in Nursing: Ad-Hoc Survey
Authors: Calvillo Núñez Noelia , Esquirol Caussa Jordi
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Lack of certainty or knowledge in health professions generates uncertainty, affecting clinical practice in decision-making (diagnostic or therapeutic), intervention design and therapeutic communication. In nursing, the lack of information to predict prognosis and outcome of interventions generates uncertainty: recognizing and managing it is essential for individualized, safe, and effective care. Objective: to assess uncertainty and the perception of a debriefing within the same shift ("intrathoracic pass") as a proposal for improvement. Method: ad-hoc survey of nursing professionals and Auxiliary Nursing Care Technicians (ANC). Variables: age, work experience, PRU scale (Physisicians' Reactions to Uncertainty) and additional question on intrathoracic pass. Results: Sample: 61 nurses and 10 TCAE (90.14 % female, 9.86 % male; mean age 35.18, standard deviation SD=13.04). Mean professional experience 11.74 years (SD=12.21); 56.33% had ≤4 years of experience. Origin: 49.30% Intensive Care Units (ICU), 11.27% Hospitalization, 7.04% Emergency, 1.41% Primary Care and 30.99% Other Services. The mean level of uncertainty was 27.99 points (max. possible 75; SD=7.50), with stress (mean=25.55, max. possible: 40; SD=5.24) and anxiety (mean=15.80, max. possible: 25; SD=3.05) as major manifestations. The association uncertainty-age (r=0.339; p=0.004) and uncertainty-experience (r=0.391; p=0.001) correlated negatively (the older and more experienced, the less uncertainty), with no significant differences between degrees or services. 91.55% stated that the intra-day pass was useful to reduce uncertainty during the working day. Conclusion: Uncertainty is frequent in nursing, and implementing the intrashift pass is perceived as a competent strategy.
The Impact of Digital Media on Event-Related Perception
Authors: Calabrese Stefano
Published: June 2023

The digital breakthrough of the nineties has profoundly changed the way events are recognized. Starting from EST (Event Segmentation Theory) elaborated by J.M. Zacks and his collaborators, this contribution shows how the way we segment the experiential flow has been changed by the introduction of digital: while throughout modernity the perception of events was based on immediate segmentation processes, founded on five elements (agent, space, time, intention, purpose) and determined by an evident con-clusion, we currently see in the perceptive models of individuals and consequently also in aesthetic texts (films, television series, novels, graphic novels etc.) a weakening of the end. This determines not only a greater difficulty in perceiving an event, but also the need to introduce micro-caesuras between one event and another: it is space that con-stitutes the most salient category in differentiating one event from another, as is evident in the transmedia storytelling that characterizes contemporary aesthetics.
A Translation Analysis of Negative Polarity Idioms in The Hate U Give Novel
Authors: Azizah Safitri Nur
Published: June 2023

This research focuses in analysing negative polarity idioms found in the novel entitled The Hate U Give, the strategies used by the translator in translating the idioms, and the impacts of the strategies on the quality of the translation of negative polarity idioms in The Hate U Give novel in terms of accuracy and acceptability. There are 74 data of negative polarity idioms collected. The negative polarity idioms found are classified based on the negation expressed. This study indicates four strategies of translating idiom used by the translator of The Hate U Give novel. The strategies are: 1) using an idiom of similar meaning and form, 2) using an idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form, 3) translation by paraphrase, and 4) translation by omission of a play on idiom. The results on the translation quality show that the translation is accurate and acceptable. The findings also reveal the impact of translation strategies on the quality of translation. The strategies which contribute to accurate translation are translation by using an idiom of similar meaning and form, using an idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form, and translation by paraphrase. Meanwhile, for the acceptability aspect, all four strategies contribute to acceptable translation.
An Analysis of Translation Techniques and Quality of Taboo Words in the Gran Torino Movie
Authors: Fitriansyah Fiana
Published: June 2023

The research aims to identify type and function of taboo words in the Gran Torino movie, to find out the techniques used in translating the taboo words, to examine the shift in type and function of the taboo words, and to evaluate the accuracy and the acceptability of the taboo words translation.

This research uses a descriptive qualitative method. The data are taboo words in the Gran Torino movie in the form of an English script and its subtitle (Indonesian). The informants provided data of information about the translation techniques and quality through Focus Group Discussions (FGD).

The findings show that there are total 270 data. There are 10 types of taboo words; body parts, sexual acts, ethnic insults, profanity, vulgarity, curse, scatology, animal names, ancestral allusion, and insulting references to perceived psychological, physical, or social deviations. There are four functions of taboo words; auxiliary, abusive, expletive, and humorous. 96% of data are type-shifted and 76% are function-shifted. There are five translation techniques found; reduction (43.7%), establishes equivalent (23%), explicitation (20%), adaptation (8.1%), implicitation (3.7%), discursive creation (0.7%), and literal translation (0.4%). The average accuracy score is 1.78 while the acceptability is 2.12. Therefore, the translation quality score is 1.92.
Development of Teaching Material for Procedural Text through Nearpod Media for XI Grade Senior High School Students
Authors: Alif Wahyudi  , Ansoriyah Siti , Eriyani Reni Nur
Published: June 2023

This research aims to develop teaching materials for procedure text through Nearpod media. The research was prepared using the Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE development model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). Data collection was carried out through needs analysis interviews to teachers and distributing questionnaires to students through g-forms, curriculum analysis, teaching material analysis, material expert validation and media expert validation. In addition, the feasibility test was conducted to Indonesian language teachers and students of grade XI high school. Data analysis was carried out with qualitative and quantitative descriptive data analysis. The results of this study are in the form of teaching materials for procedural texts that can be accessed through Nearpod media. The feasibility of the product of teaching material for procedure text through Nearpod media for grade XI high school is included in the very good category. The results of the material expert assessment obtained an average score of 3.82. Furthermore, the media expert assessment obtained an average score of 4.5. The Indonesian language teacher assessment obtained an average score of 4.42. The student assessment obtained an average score of 4.28. Based on the results of this assessment, the teaching material for procedural text through Nearpod media for grade XI high school students is declared suitable for use in the learning process.
IMPLEMENTATION OF TECHNOLOGY AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION MANAGEMENT IN FACING THE INDEPENDENT LEARNING CURRICULUM
Authors: Hikmah Saniyatul , Alfredo Arianto Permana Putra  , Marniati  , Dewanto
Published: June 2023

The independent learning curriculum is a new curriculum that is being promoted by the Minister of Education and Culture at this time. Many teachers are still adjusting this new curriculum. This study aims to elaborate on the implementation of technology and vocational education management in Vocational High Schools (SMK) Surabaya in the face of an independent learning curriculum. Using this type of qualitative research so that the data produced is descriptive. Data sources obtained from principals and representatives of various fields (student affairs, curriculum, facilities and infrastructure) as well as teachers along with supporting documents. Collecting data using interview, documentation and observation techniques. Data analysis is carried out after collecting all the supporting data, then the data is reduced, played data to conclusions. This research was conducted at one of the SMK Surabaya odd semester TP. 2022/2023. From this research, it can be produced that the curriculum used by SMK Surabaya is an independent learning curriculum. In the implementation of education management, this curriculum has not found weaknesses or advantages because it has only been running for a few months. So the author gives advice to use and pay attention to swot analysis in order to get better data.
THE ROLE OF TRANSFORMATION OF ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS UNIVERSITIES IN IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF NATIONAL EDUCATION
Authors: Yayat Supriyadi  , Safuri  , Fauzi, Anis  , Yogi Damai Syaputra  , Deni Iriyadi
Published: June 2023

Islamic Religious Universities are higher education establishments that offer education, instruction, and/or development of science, technology, and/or art openly and comprehensibly to the public. Islamic Religious Universities also conduct research and engage in community service, using the findings of their work to advance science, technology, and/or the arts, as well as the welfare of the community. They also organize university management effectively and efficiently, academic administration and general administration in a skilled and transparent manner, and they promote the growth of science, technology, and the arts. Additionally, how are Islamic religious universities' position and function in promoting the growth of. This research is a type of descriptive qualitative research, namely research whose results are written in the form of a series of words, not in the form of numbers. This writing uses the library research method. The role of higher education in a global context is increasingly important in transforming various fields of science, technology and other social institutions to catch up with our country from other developed countries. Higher education is seen as the key to developing science and the quality of people's abilities to seize opportunities for participation in world transformation and sustainable development. Higher education plays a role in developing human potential and abilities needed by their environment
Food Safety Education for Pregnant and Breastfeeding Mothers, Toddlers, Adolescents, and the Elderly
Authors: Muthoharoh Ainun , Fortune Herni , Pambudi Dwi Bagus , Khuzaiyah Siti , AB Mahdanya Princess
Published: June 2023

Quality food products, halal, free from microbial and chemical contamination, and containing harmless ingredients are the criteria for food products that are suitable for consumption. Especially the use of food products for pregnant and lactating mothers, toddlers, and the elderly must be products that should not be careless. This food safety information can be obtained through education provided in community service activities. Community service activities are carried out by religious leaders and influential community leaders, namely PKK cadres in Ketitang Lor Village, Bojong District, PKK cadres in Sabarwangi Village, Kajen District, Aisyiyah Regional Leaders (PDA) Pekalongan Regency, Nasyiatul Aisyiyah Regional Leaders (PDNA) Pekalongan Regency. This activity is expected to provide an overview and knowledge about the safety of food products for pregnant and lactating mothers, toddlers, children, adolescents and the elderly. The implementation method used is to conduct Communication, Information, and Education (KIE) counseling with the lecture method and discussion. Assessment of knowledge improvement by giving pretest and posttest questionnaires. This activity provides an overview for participants to be able to inform pregnant, lactating mothers, foster parents of infants and adolescents, and the elderly to consume safe and healthy food. Participants are interested and cooperative in participating in the activities. The results of the activity showed an increase in knowledge of 3.21%.
Processing of Corn Weevil and Elephant Grass (Pennisetum Purpureum) to Improve the Quality of Cattle Feed Production
Authors: Listyaningrum R. Anggia , Rahma Rezka Arina , Purnamasari Ica , Kusuma Fuad Indra
Published: June 2023

Cows are one of the farm animals that are very popular with farmers. In the villages many people have cattle in their homes. Likewise with the Wono Asri 3 Farmer Group which also has several members who choose to become cattle breeders. Raising cattle is indeed very profitable, but farmers need to have skills and understanding in order to get these benefits. One of the things that needs to be considered in raising cows is feed. Cattle farmers have various types, including some who like to give forage feed (such as grass, weeds, and corn weevils) only, and some like to mix it with concentrate feed. Forage feed is relatively cheaper, but it requires more effort in providing it, while concentrate feed is easier to provide but the price is more expensive.  This then affects the farmer's expenditure on feed preparations. Therefore, there is a need for new innovations so that farmers can provide feed at a lower price, but it is easy to provide and of course the quality of the products produced. The activities offered from this PkM are mentoring, and training on processing Corn Weevil and elephant grass (pennisetum purpureum) for members of the Wono Asri 3 Farmer Group. This activity aims to equip the knowledge and skills of processing Corn Weevil and elephant grass into quality animal feed. This activity will be carried out using various appropriate implementation methods such as deliberation, brainstorming, interviews, demonstrations and practices. The planned stages of activities are coordination of teams and partners, identification of target group learning needs including farm conditions and corn weevil processing equipment needed, planning activities involving target groups, training, and mentoring.
Research Data Processing Through Structural Equation Model-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) Method
Authors: Perdana Petrolis Nusa , Armeliza Diah , Khairunnisa Hera , Nasution Hafifah
Published: June 2023

Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is one type of multivariate analysis in the social sciences. Multivariate analysis is the application of statistical methods to analyze several research variables simultaneously. This community service activity was held and aimed at the academic community (lecturers and students) from partner campuses of the Faculty of Economics, State University of Jakarta, they are FEB UHAMKA, STIE Indonesia, and Tempo Polytechnic with the aim of providing knowledge about research methodologies, especially the Structural Equation Modeling method (SEM) – Partial Least Squares (PLS) which has various advantages compared to other PLS software as described above. Another goal is expected to help improve the ability of the partner academic community in making scientific articles to be published in national and international journals. In addition, in this training, partners are also trained for hands-on practice using the Warp PLS Ver Software. 5.0. The method of implementing this community service activity is in the form of a workshop that includes providing material related to the SEM-PLS method as well as direct practice in using the WarpPLS software. During the workshop, the partner academic community was also given time to discuss and ask questions directly with the instructor.
Socialization Socialization and Technical Guidance of Road Specifications to Glodog Village Appliances, Palang District, Tuban Regency in the Framework of Village Road Development
Authors: Sugiyanto  , Widya Liadira Kusuma , Octavia Syariah Nur , Susanto Harry
Published: June 2023

Roads are an indispensable infrastructure in supporting community economic activities, both in urban and rural areas. This community service activity was carried out with the aim of providing socialization and technical guidance on road specifications to the Glodog Village Government apparatus, Palang, Tuban East Java, in the context of village road construction. This theme was chosen because of the problem of proposing village roads to Regional Apparatus Organization (OPD) who do not have the authority to handle them. The method used is to hold a face-to-face meeting followed by participants consisting of village government officials, the head of the BPD and community leaders in Glodog Village, Palang District, Tuban East Java. The results of the implementation of this community activity went quite smoothly, followed quite enthusiastically, and received a warm welcome because it provided very useful knowledge in the construction of village roads. To get more optimal benefits, it is recommended that further socialization activities involve elements of OPD and contractors so that all problems encountered can be solved in a directed and integrated manner.
Development of Web-based Commerce Lapaksenggol.com as a Medium of Promotion and Marketing for SMEs in East Jakarta
Authors: Purwana Dedi , Monoarfa Terrylina Arvinta , Febrilia Ika
Published: June 2023

The situation during Covid-19 requires businesspeople to adapt to existing conditions and survive in an industry. It should be realized that not all SMEs have the same digital literacy, so it needs support from various parties to provide understanding and assistance to improve the skills of SMEs in utilizing digital platforms in business activities. The contribution of Lapaksenggol.com in community service activities to the Jakarta SMEs group (Jakpreneur), which is under the guidance of the East Jakarta Sub-Department of Trade, Industry, Cooperatives and SMEs is in its second year, where through this proposal, the team seeks to improve service quality by developing the service features of the Lapaksenggol.com website. The workshop was carried out for six months, starting from April to September 2022. Considering the Covid-19 pandemic, various activities will be implemented face-to-face (on the network) through Zoom. The results obtained from the socializations are the introduction of the Lapaksenggol.com marketplace and provided understanding to SMEs about the importance of doing social media advertising, managing finances in business activities, and introducing the SIAPIK application to support the business activities of SMEs in East Jakarta.
Pengembangan Motif Pada Batik Khas Blitar
Authors: Hanggarini Putri Pradipta , Kurnia Panji
Published: June 2023

Motif batik khas Blitar memiliki makna mendalam yang merupakan rangkaian nasihat baik bagi masyarakat. Saat ini, di tengah tingginya minat masyarakat akan berbagai produk batik, para seniman di Blitar kembali membuat berbagai macam motif batik baru yang dapat mewakili budaya Blitar. Motif batik khas Blitar diambil dari ikon ciri khas kebudayaan Kota Blitar. Penciptaan karya tugas akhir ini secara konseptual bertujuan untuk melestarikan nilai-nilai kebudayaan kota Blitar. Pengetahuan untuk masyarakat Blitar bahwa kota Blitar memiliki batik yang belum banyak orang ketahui. Sebagai upaya meningkatkan kualitas batik tulis di era modern dan meningkatkan eksistensi batik tulis dari pengembangan motif khas Blitar. Proses pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi dan survei langsung ke Seniman di Blitar. Mengembangkan serta menciptakan bentuk-bentuk pembaharuan dan inovasi pada karya seni batik tulis ini seperti mengeksplorasi motif batik khas Blitar dengan teknik modifikasi ragam hias seperti stilasi, deformasi dan dekonstruksi. Karya batik ini juga menggunakan pewarna alam seperti jelawe dan tingi, guna untuk memberikan nilai lebih terhadap estetika karya dan juga mengurangi limbah. Dalam proses penciptaan karya batik ini, diharapkan kepada masyarakat khususnya masyarakat Kota Blitar untuk dapat melestarikan batik sebagai salah satu aset budaya Indonesia, dengan hal ini dapat meningkatkan eksistensi batik motif khas Blitar.
Image analysis for the sorting of brick and masonry waste using machine learning methods
Authors: Linß Elske , Walz Jurij , Könke Carsten
Published: June 2023

This paper describes different machine learning methods for recognizing and distinguishing brick types in ma­sonry debris. Certain types of bricks, such as roof tiles, facing bricks and vertically perforated bricks can be reused and recycled in different ways if it is possible to separate them by optical sorting. The aim of the research was to test different classification methods from machine learning for this task based on high-resolution images. For this purpose, image captures of different bricks were made with an image acquisition system, the data was pre-processed, segmented, significant features selected and different AI methods were applied. A support vec­tor machine (SVM), multilayer perceptron (MLP), and k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) classifier were used to classify the images. As a result, a recognition rate of 98 % and higher was achieved for the classification into the three investigated brick classes
Military archaeology and LIDAR data visualizations: a non-invasive approach to detect historical remains
Authors: Aldrighettoni Joel , D'Urso Maria Grazia
Published: June 2023

The present paper belongs to a line of research known as aerial archaeology and compares some specific visualizations of LIDAR data (hill-shading, openness, and sky view factor) to understand which of them can provide the best approach to suitably identify and unveil some archaeological permanences as function of different boundary conditions. In the present case, such permanences belong to the very special material heritage consisting of the "physical traces" of the Great War, although latent, they persist in the present landscapes at different states of preservation and visibility, waiting to be unearthed to express their cultural potential. They represent an indispensable palimpsest of "minor signs" such as, for example, fragments of entrenchments, gun emplacements, shelters, bomb craters, and temporary shelters. Such elements made the war machine work at that time while, nowadays, if properly recognized and enhanced, could foster the historical and cultural revitalization of the territories where they are placed.
Random noise test of analog-to-digital converters
Authors: Alegria Francisco
Published: June 2023

The random noise test of analog to digital converters recommended by the IEEE 1057 Standard for digitizing waveform recorders is studied. The heuristically derived expression presented for the estimation of the random noise standard deviation is experimentally validated. The standard suggests a triangular stimulus signal. Here we will show how to use a sinusoidal stimulus signal to carry out the test. The influence of stimulus signal offset and amplitude on the estimation error is also analyzed and an expression is presented to compute the minimum amplitude value that guarantees an upper bound on the estimator bias.
The Relation of Item Difficulty Between Classical Test Theory and Item Response Theory: Computerized Adaptive Test Perspective
Authors: AYBEK Eren Can
Published: June 2023

This study aims to transform the calculated item difficulty statistics according to Classical Test Theory (CTT) into the item difficulty parameter of Item Response Theory (IRT) by utilizing the normal distribution curve and to analyze the effectiveness of this transformation based on Rasch model. In this regard, 36 different data sets created with catR package were studied. For each data set, item difficulty parameters and transformed item difficulty parameters were calculated and the correlation coefficients between these parameters were analyzed. Then, Computerized Adaptive Test (CAT) simulations were performed using these parameters. According to the simulation results, the correlation coefficients between the estimated theta values with both methods were high. Furthermore, in CAT simulations in which both parameters were used, especially in the samples which were over 250, it was found to have similar bias, RMSE values, and the average number of administered items.
Intermediate Force Capabilities: Countering Adversaries across the Competition Continuum
Authors: Dobias Peter , Christensen Kyle
Published: June 2023

This article outlines the relevance of intermediate force capabilities as a key enabler for North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) operations in the gray zone.1 NATO adversaries, well aware of the NATO thresholds for employment of lethal force, intentionally operate in a way that limits the alliance’s options in crisis and conflict situations. At present, these options are often restricted to two extremes of mere presence or the use of lethal force. Summarizing almost two decades of NATO research into nonlethal/intermediate force capabilities, the article examines the applicability of these capabilities across the competition continuum. Finally, the article makes two key observations. First, it identifies future modeling and simulation requirements to represent employment of intermediate force capabilities, and second, it identifies possible promising research and development of subdomains in directed energy nonlethal weapons.
RUNX1::RUNX1T1 Fusion in Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Jaime Jill , Medalla Ivy Mae , Tamayo Steffanie Charlyne , Pido Qareem , Tria IV Francisco , Enriquez Ma. Luisa , Sy Jean Kamil , De Castro Jr. Reynaldo , Ang Daphne
Published: June 2023

RUNX1::RUNX1T1 is a core-binding factor driving fusion gene which arises from t(8;21)(q22;q22). It is one of the most common chromosomal rearrangements  in both pediatric and adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) with a reported incidence of 15% in children and young adults. There are few case reports documenting RUNX1::RUNX1T1 translocation in pediatric AML. Although this is generally associated with a favorable prognosis, we report two (2) cases of de novo pediatric AML in the Philippines harboring a RUNX1::RUNX1T1 translocation, one eventually relapsed while the other attained remission but succumbed to sepsis.
Chatbots, Generative AI, and Scholarly Manuscripts
Authors: Zielinski Chris , Winker Margaret , Aggarwal Rakesh , Ferris Lorraine , Heinemann Markus , Lapeña Jr. Jose Florencio , Pai Sanjay , Ing Edsel , Citrome Leslie , Alam Murad , Voight Michael , Abibzadeh Farrokh
Published: June 2023

This statement revises our earlier “WAME Recommendations on ChatGPT and Chatbots in Relation to Scholarly Publications” (January 20, 2023). The revision reflects the proliferation of chatbots and their expanding use in scholarly publishing over the last few months, as well as emerging concerns regarding lack of authenticity of content when using chatbots. These Recommendations are intended to inform editors and help them develop policies for the use of chatbots in papers published in their journals. They aim to help authors and reviewers understand how best to attribute the use of chatbots in their work, and to address the need for all journal editors to have access to manuscript screening tools. In this rapidly evolving field, we will continue to modify these recommendations as the software and its applications develop.
Location, Location—Tanzania, Mozambique Soon To Join Club of Global LNG Suppliers to India, China, Southeast Asia
Authors: Szymczak Pat Davis
Published: June 2023

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East Africa is positioning itself as a global player in liquefied natural gas (LNG) with the world’s supermajors staking out projects that will ramp up this decade to supply India, Southeast Asia, and China through 2050.

With three LNG megaprojects—two in Mozambique and one in neighboring Tanzania—soon to take off after years of false starts and delays, it is no wonder that India’s External Affairs Minister Subrahmanyam Jaishankar visited the region in April with energy security top of mind.

Jaishankar’s East Africa trip was the first official visit to the region by an Indian foreign minister in over a decade. He stopped first in Uganda where oil is in play after Uganda inked a deal in February to complete the long-delayed East African Crude Oil Pipeline (EACOP) and deliver first oil in 2025 from Uganda’s Lake Albert oil fields to Tanzania’s port of Tanga on the Indian Ocean.

After spending 3 days in Uganda, Jaishankar traveled to Mozambique where state-owned ONGC Videsh leads an Indian consortium holding a 30% stake in the country’s $20-billion Offshore Area 1 project, Mozambique LNG, which stalled in April 2021 after the operator, TotalEnergies, declared force majeure over terrorist attacks in Cabo Delgado Province near the Afungi peninsula plant site.

Mozambique LNG’s 13.1-mtpa capacity, two-train facility is one of two megaprojects that will help transform East Africa into a global LNG supplier. The other is ExxonMobil’s Rovuma LNG project, another two-train facility for which a final investment decision (FID) was delayed as the Islamic insurgency that had been building since 2020 intensified along the Cabo Delgado coast.

India imports 85% of its oil and 55% of its natural gas. In 2022, it consumed about 22 mpta of LNG, according to Shell’s LNG Outlook 2023. India’s business daily Mint reported that during Q1 2023, India’s LNG imports were worth $14.88 billion, an amount that was 36.46% higher than the $10.90 billion value of LNG India imported in Q1 2022.

So far in 2023, Qatar has been India’s No. 1 LNG supplier followed by the UAE and the US. By 2030, Mozambique, Tanzania, and possibly the Republic of Djibouti (with access to the Indian Ocean via the Gulf of Aden) will be joining the list.

Considering that tankers can deliver LNG and oil from the East African coast to the subcontinent in 3 days, it’s no wonder that Mint described the foreign minister’s visit as “signifying New Delhi’s push to develop Africa as a key (energy) supplier.”

India and China Claim Big Stakes in Future East African Energy Flows

Indian partners ONGC Videsh Rovuma, Beas Rovuma Energy Mozambique, and BPRL Ventures Mozambique control 30% of the Mozambique LNG project (10% each). Total E&P Mozambique Area 1 holds a 26.5% operator interest with remaining shares distributed among Mozambique state-owned ENH Rovuma Área Um (15%); Japan’s Mitsui E&P Mozambique Area 1 (20%), and Thailand’s PTTEP Mozambique Area 1 (8.5%).
Expandable Geopolymers Improve Zonal Isolation and Plugging
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: June 2023

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This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 212493, “Expandable Geopolymers for Improved Zonal Isolation and Plugging,” by Foster D. Gomado, SPE, Mahmoud Khalifeh, SPE, and Jan A. Aasen, SPE, University of Stavanger. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

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The sealability performance of an expanding geopolymer (E-GP) is compared with that of an expansive commercial cement (EC) with regard to shear bond strength (SBS) and hydraulic bond strength (HBS) at curing conditions of 25°C and 34.5 bar. A neat Class G (NG) cement and a neat geopolymer (N-GP) were characterized alongside corresponding expansive versions. The effect of these expansive agents on cement and geopolymers was evaluated in terms of linear expansion using the annular ring test. The complete paper reveals that geopolymers can be deployed as an alternative to Portland cement upon optimization.

Geopolymer Characteristics and Use

In recent years, geopolymers have been receiving attention as a viable and environmentally friendly alternative for zonal isolation and plugging and abandonment (P&A) operations because of their robust features such as higher strength, lower permeability, and durability in high-pressure/high-temperature conditions. Geopolymers can be described as binders formed by a chemical reaction between aluminosilicate materials and alkali hydroxide or soluble silicates. In this study, cement/casing bonding properties are the primary focus.

Greener options for cementing, zonal isolation, and P&A must meet acceptable criteria before mass adoption. Geopolymers, like Portland cement, experience shrinkage to some extent. To improve cement bonding, expansive agents are regarded as relevant additives, correlating volume changes to bonding properties, mostly SBS. In the case of geopolymers, few studies have been directed toward the study of volumetric changes with and without expansive additives. The current literature for geopolymers lacks correlation between the performance of expansive agents on geopolymers in terms of HBS, SBS, and load-to-displacement profile.

Thus, the authors explored the effect of expansive agents on SBS and accompanying interfacial friction and hydraulic sealability for both NG and EC, as well as neat geopolymers and expansive versions at equal conditions.

Experimental Procedures

NG cement was used as a reference because it is the most widely used cement in the Norwegian North Sea. The EC was made by the addition of a commercially available expansive agent [made of a blend of calcium oxide (CaO) and quartz] to NG at a concentration of 5% by weight of cement (BWOC). The geopolymer deployed in this study was synthesized in house. The E-GP was synthesized by the addition of a calcium salt in a concentration of 1.1% of the solid precursors.

The complete paper details slurry preparation and the methodology for linear-expansion (shrinkage) tests, SBS/bond slip tests, and HBS tests.
Deep learning classification of asteroids in g-type secular resonances
Authors: Carruba Valerio , Aljbaae Safwan , Knezevic Zoran , Mahlke Max , Masiero Joseph , Roig Fernando , Domingos Rita , Huaman Mariela , Alves Abreuçon , Martins Bruno , Caritá Gabriel , Lourenço Marcos , Cvetkovic Sofia
Published: June 2023

Linear secular resonances happen when there is a commensurability between the precession frequency of the pericenter, g, or longitude of the node, s, of an asteroid and a planet. Non-linear resonances are higherorder combinations of these frequencies. Here, we studied the three most diffusive g−type non-linear secular resonances using Artificial Neural Networks. We identified a population of more than 2100 resonant objects in the g − 2g6 + g5 and g − 3g6 + 2g5 resonances. This allows the creation of a Convolutional Neural Network model for the g − 2g6 + g5 resonance, able to predict the status of several thousands of asteroids in seconds. We identified 12 new possible dynamical groups among the resonant population, including the 5507 and 170776 families, which have both estimated ages of less than 7 My. These are the two first-ever identified young families in resonant configurations of the investigated resonances, which allows setting limits on their original ejection velocity field.
Numerical analysis of effect of the substrate geometry and tensile load on the strength of bonded single lap joint
Authors: Metehri Aicha , Madani Kouider
Published: June 2023

With the development of structural adhesives, single joint assemblies have increasingly become the most widely used assembly process in many industrial fields and even in civil engineering due to their simple geometry and structural efficiency. The resistance of the assembly requires a careful analysis of the behavior of the adhesive joint since the latter has the weakest mechanical properties compared to the adherents. several solutions have been proposed in order to improve the mechanical strength of the assembly by taking into consideration modifications to the edges of the adhesive and of the two adherends in order to attenuate as much as possible the high concentration of stress at the level of the adhesive. In this study, a 3D numerical model was developed by Abaqus to evaluate the influence of changes in the geometry of the edges of the adherends and the adhesive on the mechanical strength of a single lap joint under uniaxial tensile stress. Two geometric configurations have been proposed, taking into account an adhesive fillet and a removal of material at the level of the free edges of the adherends. The objective is to analyze the impact of these geometric modifications on the reduction of the concentration of stresses on the one hand of the assembly and more particularly on the adhesive and to explore how this new design of the joints can contribute to improve shear and peel strength of bonded joints. In this respect, several parameters have been highlighted, namely the value of the applied stress, adhesive thickness and length, adherends thickness, adhesive fillet and modified free edge of the adherends on the value of the Von Mises stress in the assembly and in the adhesive joint. The results show clearly that a geometric modification at the two free edges of the two adherends and adhesive markedly improves the strength of the assembly and reduces the high stress concentration in the adhesive.
Development of a standardised framework with universal core indicators for flood resilience assessment
Authors: Xu Shiying , Chen Hao , Law Adrian Wing-Keung , Zhu Feng , Daniel Martini
Published: June 2023

Understanding the flood resilience of an area is an important task for decision-makers, practitioners, and community members. However, despite the wide acceptance of the need for resilience assessment in recent years, there has been no clear agreement on what flood resilience exactly constitutes and thus no consensus on the way in which it should be quantified. As such, this study aims to identify the most pivotal indicators to establish a standardised sustainable flood resilience framework (SFRF) for an overall measure of resilience before a flood event. The framework uses the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs) indicators as a benchmark to establish a measurement structure that can be consistently implemented globally, using publicly sourced data. Users of the SFRF will be able to assess whether their target area has successfully achieved the conditions required for flood resilience and as a result, the associated UN SDG targets. A detailed review of 105 journal articles related to flood resilience assessment was first conducted to identify the most frequently used indicators globally across the different frameworks in the literature. A hybrid method using the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) approach combined with the Analytic Network Process (ANP) was then adopted to rank the top indicators in terms of their importance in evaluating the flood resilience. Finally, two examples are provided to show how the SFRF established in this study can enable users to make a universally standardised assessment of the level of flood resilience for a specific area.
Intra-urban variability of long-term exposure to PM2.5 and NO2 in five cities in Colombia
Authors: Rodriguez-Villamizar Laura A. , Rojas Yurley , Grisales Sara , Mangones Sonia C. , Cáceres Jhon J. , Agudelo-Castañeda Dayana M. , Herrera Víctor , Marín Diana , Jiménez Juan G. Piñeros , Belalcázar-Ceron Luis C. , Rojas-Sánchez Oscar Alberto , Villegas Jonathan Ochoa , López Leandro , Rojas Oscar Mauricio , Vicini María C. , Salas Wilson , Orrego Ana Zuleima , Castillo Margarita , Sáenz Hugo , Hernández Luis Álvaro , Weichenthal Scott , Baumgartner Jill , Rojas Néstor Y.
Published: June 2023

Rapidly urbanizing cities in Latin America experience high levels of air pollution which are known risk factors for population health. However, the estimates of long-term exposure to air pollution are scarce in the region. We developed intraurban land use regression (LUR) models to map long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in the five largest cities in Colombia. We conducted air pollution measurement campaigns using gravimetric PM2.5 and passive NO2 sensors for two weeks during both the dry and rainy seasons in 2021 in the cities of Barranquilla, Bucaramanga, Bogotá, Cali, and Medellín, and combined these data with geospatial and meteorological variables. Annual models were developed using multivariable spatial regression models. The city annual PM2.5 mean concentrations measured ranged between 12.32 𝛍g/m3 and 15.99 𝛍g/m3 while NO2 concentrations ranged between 24.92 𝛍/m3) and 49.15 𝛍g/m3. The PM2.5 annual models explained 82% of the variance (R2) in Medellín, 77% in Bucaramanga, 73% in Barranquilla, 70% in Cali, and 44% in Bogotá. The NO2 models explained 65% of the variance in Bucaramanga, 57% in Medellín, 44% in Cali, 40% in Bogotá, and 30% in Barranquilla. Most of the predictor variables included in the models were a combination of specific land use characteristics and roadway variables. Cross-validation suggest that PM2.5 outperformed NO2 models. The developed models can be used as exposure estimate in epidemiological studies, as input in hybrid models to improve personal exposure assessment, and for policy evaluation.
Left ventricular remodeling in rheumatic heart disease – trends over time and implications for follow-up in childhood
Authors: MacDonald Bradley , Tarca Adrian , Causer Louise , Maslin Katie , Bruce Di , Schreiber-Wood Rachel , Kumar Mohit , Ramsay James , Andrews David , Budgeon Charley , Katzenellenbogen Judith , Bowen Asha C. , Carapetis Jonathan , Friedberg Mark K. , Yim Deane
Published: June 2023

Background: Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is the most common form of acquired heart disease worldwide. In RHD, volume loading from mitral regurgitation leads to left ventricular (LV) dilatation, increased wall stress, and ultimately LV dysfunction. Improved understanding of LV dynamics may contribute to refined timing of intervention. We aimed to characterize and compare left ventricular remodeling between rheumatic heart disease (RHD) severity groups by way of serial echocardiographic assessment of volumes and function in children.
Methods: Children with RHD referred to Perth Children’s Hospital (formally Princess Margaret Hospital) (1987-2020) were reviewed. Patients with longitudinal pre-operative echocardiograms at diagnosis, approximately 12 months and at most recent follow-up, were included and stratified into RHD severity groups. Left ventricular (LV) echocardiographic parameters were assessed. Adjusted linear mixed effect models were used to compare interval changes.
Results: 146 patients (median age 10 years, IQR 6-14 years) with available longitudinal echocardiograms were analysed. Eighty-five (58.2%) patients had mild, 33 (22.6%) moderate and 28 (19.2%) severe RHD at diagnosis. Mean duration of follow-up was 4.6 years from the initial diagnosis. Severe RHD patients had significantly increased end-systolic volumes (ESV) and end-diastolic volumes (EDV) compared to mild/moderate groups at diagnosis (severe versus mild EDV mean difference 27.05 ml/m2, p<0.001, severe versus moderate EDV mean difference 14.95 ml/m2, p=0.006). Mild and moderate groups experienced no significant progression of changes in volume measures. In severe RHD, LV dilatation worsened over time. All groups had preserved cardiac function.
Conclusions: In mild and moderate RHD, the lack of progression of valvular regurgitation and ventricular dimensions suggest a stable longer-term course. Significant LV remodeling occurred at baseline in severe RHD with progression of LV dilatation over time. LV function was preserved across all groups. Our findings may guide clinicians in deciding the frequency and timing of follow-up and may be of clinical utility during further reiterations of the Australia and New Zealand RHD Guidelines.
Structural alterations in the amygdala and impaired social incentive learning in a mouse model of a genetic variant associated with neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Hiroi Noboru , Hiramoto Takeshi , Sumiyoshi Akira , Kato Risa , Yamauchi Takahira , Kang Gina , Matsumura Bailey , Stevens Lucas , Ryoke Rie , Nonaka Hiroi , Machida Akihiro , Nomoto Kensaku , Mogi Kazutaka , Kikusui Takefumi , Kawashima Ryuta
Published: June 2023

Copy number variants (CNVs) are robustly associated with psychiatric disorders and their dimensions and changes in brain structures and behavior. However, as CNVs contain many genes, the precise gene-phenotype relationship remains unclear. Although various volumetric alterations in the brains of 22q11.2 CNV carriers have been identified in humans and mouse models, it is unknown how the genes in the 22q11.2 region individually contribute to structural alterations and associated mental illnesses and their dimensions. Our previous studies have identified Tbx1, a T-box family transcription factor encoded in 22q11.2 CNV, as a driver gene for social interaction and communication, spatial and working memory, and cognitive flexibility. However, it remains unclear how TBX1 impacts the volumes of various brain regions and their functionally linked behavioral dimensions. In this study, we used volumetric magnetic resonance imaging analysis to comprehensively evaluate brain region volumes in congenic Tbx1 heterozygous mice. Our data show that the volumes of anterior and posterior portions of the amygdaloid complex and its surrounding cortical regions were reduced in Tbx1 heterozygous mice. Moreover, we examined the behavioral consequences of an altered volume of the amygdala. Tbx1 heterozygous mice were impaired for their ability to detect the incentive value of a social partner in a task that depends on the amygdala. Our findings identify the structural basis for a specific social dimension associated with loss-of-function variants of TBX1 and 22q11.2 CNV.