bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exponential Amplification Using Photoredox Autocatalysis
Authors: Kim Seunghyeon , Dibildox Alejandra Martinez , Aguirre-Soto Alan , Sikes Hadley
Published: April 2021

Exponential molecular amplification such as the polymerase chain reaction is a powerful tool that allows ultrasensitive biodetection. Here we report a new exponential amplification strategy based on photoredox autocatalysis, where eosin Y, a photocatalyst, amplifies itself by activating a non-fluorescent eosin Y derivative (EYH2) under green light. The deactivated photocatalyst is stable and rapidly activated under low intensity light, making the eosin Y amplification suitable for resource-limited settings. Through steady-state kinetic studies and reaction modeling, we found that EYH2 is either oxidized to eosin Y via one-electron oxidation by triplet eosin Y and subsequent 1e─/H+ transfer, or activated by singlet oxygen with the risk of degradation. By reducing the rate of the EYH2 degradation, we successfully improved EYH2- to-eosin Y recovery, achieving efficient autocatalytic eosin Y amplification. Additionally, to demonstrate its flexibility in output signals, we coupled the eosin Y amplification with photo-induced chromogenic polymerization, enabling sensitive visual detection of analytes. Finally, we applied the exponential amplification methods in developing bioassays for detection of biomarkers including SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein, an antigen used in the diagnosis of COVID-19
THEOLINGUISTIC COMPONENTS IN SECULAR NOMINATIONS OF THE PECULIARITIES OF RUSSIAN MENTALITY AND RUSSIAN STATEHOOD
Authors: Волков Валерий Вячеславович , Волкова Наталья Васильевна , Гладилина Ирина Владимировна
Published: April 2021

Предмет данной статьи - фрагмент русской языковой картины мира, отражающий те особенности национального менталитета россиян, которые находятся в тесной связи с особенностями России как уникальной цивилизации, многонационального и многоконфессионального государства. Авторы, основываясь на методах филологической герменевтики, констатируют историческую преемственность ценностей, с одной стороны, известных с XIX века под названиями православие, самодержавие, на родность , с другой стороны, фундаментальных ценностей современной российской государственности: память предков, суверенитет, патрио тизм и др.

The subject of this article is a fragment of the Russian linguistic picture of the world, reflecting the peculiarities of the national mentality of Russians, which are closely related to the features of Russia as a unique civilization, a multinational and multi-religious state. The authors, basing their research on the methods of philological hermeneutics, prove that there is historical continuity of values, on the one hand, known since the XIX century under the nominations of «orthodoxy», «autocracy», «nationality», and, on the other hand, the fundamental values of modern Russian statehood: «the memory of ancestors», «sovereignty», «patriotism», etc.
THE WORLD EXHIBITION IN PARIS (1900) IN THE PAGES OF THE RUSSIAN PRESS
Authors: Брызгалова Елена Николаевна , Иванова Ирина Евгеньевна
Published: April 2021

Авторы обратились к российской прессе 1900 г. и проанализировали, как на страницах различных изданий была представлена Всемирная выставка (Париж, 1900). В статье использованы малоизвестные публикации в ряде российских журналов: «Огонёк», «Нива», «Мир искусства», «Вестник Европы» и др.

The authors turned to the Russian press in 1900 and analyzed how the World Exhibition (Paris, 1900) was presented in the pages of various publications. The article uses little-known publications in a number of Russian magazines: «Ogonyok», «Niva», «Mir Iskusstva», «Vestnik Evropy», etc.
POLYSEMY OF A LITERARY TEXT AS A VIOLATION OF THE «HORIZON OF EXPECTATION»
Authors: Красоткин Дмитрий Михайлович
Published: April 2021

В данной статье рассматривается такая категория литературоведения, как «горизонт ожидания». Данный термин был введен в научный оборот Х.Р. Яуссом в рамках школы «рецептивной эстетики». Статья представляет собой попытку соотнести данную категорию с проблемой многозначности художественного текста. В статье демонстрируется зависимость понимания текста от определенного «горизонта ожидания». Многозначность рассматривается прежде всего как нарушение «горизонта ожидания».

This article examines such a category of literary criticism as the «horizon of expectation». This term was introduced into scientific use by H.R. Jauss within the framework of the school of «receptive aesthetics». The article is an attempt to correlate this category with the problem of polysemy of a literary text. The article demonstrates the dependence of the understanding of the text on a certain «horizon of expectation». Polysemy is considered primarily as a violation of the «horizon of expectation».
REFLEXITY, EXISTENCE, MEANINGFUL ORIENTATIONS AS CRITERIA FOR THE PROFESSIONALIZATION OF A DOCTOR
Authors: Мурашова Лада Анатольевна
Published: April 2021

Поэтапное формирование профессионально важных качеств специалиста обеспечивает ему определённый уровень профессионализма и эффективности профессиональной деятельности. В статье представлены результаты исследования рефлексивности, ответственности и эмоционального интеллекта у медиков на различных уровнях профессионализации. Результаты исследования подтверждают проблему несформированности этих предикторов в профессиональной деятельности.

The gradual formation of professionally important qualities of a specialist provides him with a certain level of professionalism and efficiency of professional activity. The article presents the results of a study of reflexivity, existence and life-meaning orientations in physicians at various levels of professionalization. The research results confirm the presence of certain problems in terms of the formation of these qualities.
RESEARCH OF STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS OF COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE OF MEDICINE STUDENTS
Authors: Михайлюк Юлия Васильевна
Published: April 2021

Статья посвящена исследованию коммуникативной компетентности студентов различных медицинских специальностей как важной составляющей их будущей профессиональной деятельности. Представлены компоненты коммуникативной компетентности студентов-медиков, полученные с помощью иерархического агломеративного метода (древовидной кластеризации): личностно-оценочный, индивидуально- психологический, эмоционально-оценочный, коммуникативно- установочный и коммуникативно-инструментальный. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы в процессе профессиональной подготовки студентов, в практической деятельности профессорско- преподавательского состава и психологов в системе социально- педагогической и психологической службы медицинских учреждений.

The article is devoted to the study of the communicative competence of students of various medical specialties as an important component of their future professional activities. Presents the components of the communicative competence of medical students obtained using the hierarchical agglomerative method (tree-like clustering): personality-evaluative, individual-psychological, emotional-evaluative, communicative-attitudinal and communicative-instrumental. The research results can be used in the process of professional training of students, in the practical activities of the teaching staff and psychologists in the system of social, pedagogical and psychological services of medical institutions.
Digital Mental Health Intervention Uptake Among Distressed
New Zealand High School Students in a Comprehensive Survey:
Implications for Digital Help Provision
Authors: Shaw Jessica
Published: April 2021

Background: High rates of mental distress are reported among adolescents. Emerging evidence suggests that digital mental health interventions, such as computerised psychotherapy, informative websites, and non-clinical helplines, may help. However, it is unclear whether these resources are reaching those who experience distress in real-world settings.

Aim: The aim of this research is to explore adolescent uptake of digital mental health interventions offered via a comprehensive youth health survey, with a particular focus on adolescents experiencing probable mental distress.

Methods: Data were drawn from the Youth19 Rangatahi Smart Survey. At the end of the survey participants were provided the opportunity to opt-in to receive digital health resources. Participants’ opt-in and access to these digital health resources, as well as if they accessed the specific mental health resources, was remotely monitored. We compare opt-in and access among participants with and without probable mental distress.

Results: Of those who completed the Youth19 survey (n = 7721), a substantial minority of participants opted-in to receive the digital health resources (n = 1720). However, of those who opted-in, access was low (n = 187). Participants with probable mental distress were more likely than their non-distressed counterparts to opt-in and access the digital health resources, although these differences were small. Importantly, only seven participants went on to access digital

mental health interventions.

Discussion: The moderate number of participants to opt-in to receive Youth19 digital health resources suggests that digital resources may be a valuable component of supporting diverse groups of adolescents. The high attrition, however, indicates that adolescents may be experiencing barriers to accessing these interventions. Smart design to increase appeal, addressing barriers that limit access, and providing multiple options for different groups could

increase adolescents’ engagement with digital mental health interventions.
Family experiences of pediatric cancer patients using vascular catheters/ Experiências familiares de pacientes pediátricos oncológicos em uso de cateter vascular/ Experiencias familiares de pacientes pediátricos con cáncer utilizando catéteres vasculares
Authors: Blanc Luana Otoni , Menna Barreto Luciana Nabinger , Cabral Éder Marques , Silveira Luiza Maria De Oliveira Braga
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Conhecer as experiências dos familiares de pacientes oncológicos pediátricos internados e em uso de cateter vascular. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo e de natureza descritiva-exploratória. Participaram do estudo 20 familiares, cuidadores de pacientes oncológicos pediátricos. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de quatro encontros de grupos focais. A transcrição das falas dos familiares foi realizada. A análise de conteúdo foi utilizada para a análise dos grupos conforme referencial teórico de Olabuénaga. O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa do hospital sob o nº CAAE 65328017.0.0000.5683. Resultados: Tendo em vista a análise das entrevistas transcritas, foi possível a formação de dois eixos temáticos: “transformações na rotina familiar” e “experiências com cateteres vasculares de média e longa permanência”. Conclusões: Os esforços dos familiares cuidadores para desenvolverem um bom cuidado aos pacientes são de natureza variada. Os familiares apontaram fatores facilitadores e dificultadores que os ajudaram a conviver e a enfrentar o tratamento em relação aos cuidados de acessos vasculares. Os resultados apontaram que as mudanças na rotina familiar implicam em desgaste do cuidador.Descritores: Cateteres. Cuidadores. Família. Oncologia. Pediatria.
COVID-19’s impact on cannabis use: Can we trust retrospective cross-sectional data?
Authors: Bartel Sara , Sherry Simon , Stewart Sherry
Published: April 2021

Background: Emergent research suggests there has been an increase in cannabis use levels during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, several gaps remain. It is unclear what impact the pandemic has had on the frequency vs. quantity of cannabis use. Additionally, research has not focused on emerging adults, a population often more likely to use cannabis. Moreover, as existing studies are cross-sectional and retrospective, it is not clear whether participant reports of increasing cannabis use during COVID-19 are accurate. We sought to fill these gaps to provide further information about the impact of COVID-19 on cannabis use and the accuracy of related retrospective self-reports. Design and Methods: Seventy emerging adults in an ongoing longitudinal study on alcohol and cannabis users completed surveys on COVID-19 and substance use between March 23rd-June 5th. Their substance use four months earlier was extracted from the existing dataset. Results: 54% of participants reported an increase in cannabis use frequency during the pandemic, while 39% reported an increase in cannabis quantity. An examination of objective change scores indicated 50% of participants actually increased their cannabis use frequency during the pandemic, while 32% actually increased their cannabis quantity. A comparison of retrospective subjective change with longitudinal objective change scores indicated participants were relatively accurate in their retrospective reports of change in cannabis use frequency but were relatively inaccurate in their retrospective reports of change in cannabis use quantity. Discussion: The COVID-19 pandemic appears to increase cannabis use frequency in the slight majority of cannabis using emerging adults. Our results suggest that retrospective cross-sectional reports may be a reasonable proxy for COVID-19 related cannabis use change in the case of cannabis use frequency. But our results question their use for determining how the pandemic is impacting cannabis use quantity. Importantly, our results suggest the COVID-19 pandemic poses health threats that extend beyond the virus itself. It is essential that public health efforts address the increasing frequency of cannabis use in emerging adult users.
Cannabis’s Link to Schizotypy: Phenomenon, Measurement Bias, or Delusion?
Authors: Altman Brianna , Mian Maha , Ueno Luna , Earleywine Mitch
Published: April 2021

Links between cannabis use and psychosis continue to generate research and media attention. Cannabis users have outscored non-users on the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire-Brief (SPQ-B) by a small amount in multiple studies, but previous work on biased items suggests that the groups do not differ if these items are removed. The present study examined links between schizotypal personality, as measured by the SPQ-B, and cannabis use in a large sample recruited from Amazon’s MTurk platform. Over 500 participants (72.5%) reported lifetime cannabis exposure, 259 participants (36.7%) reported current cannabis use, and on average, used 3.5 days per week. Users and non-users failed to differ significantly on total SPQ-B scores or any of the three established subscales, with effect sizes all lower than d = .20. The null results inspired a re-examination of the SPQ-B’s factor structure, which identified a novel 3-factor solution (difficulty opening up to others, hyperawareness, and odd or unusual behavior). Only the “odd or unusual behavior” factor showed cannabis-related differences (g = .234), but a differential item functioning test revealed that one item on that subscale showed potential bias against users. Removing this item dropped the group differences to a non-significant g = 0.149. These results suggest that links between schizotypy and cannabis require cautious interpretation with careful attention to potential measurement bias. In addition, the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire-Brief might have an alternative factor structure that could help answer important questions in psychopathology.
The Cannabis Retail Environment for Young Adults in Los Angeles: Which Metrics Matter
Authors: Firth Caislin , Seelam Rachana , Rodriguez Anthony , Shih Regina , Tucker Joan , D'Amico Elizabeth , Pedersen Eric
Published: April 2021

Background: Currently, there is no consensus on how to measure cannabis retailer density. Researchers and policy makers need clear measures to support policies that mitigate unintended harms of legalization. To address this gap, our unique study leverages cannabis retailer location data in Los Angeles County (LA), California, and home addresses from an LA-based cohort of young adults (21-25 years) to develop a series of cannabis retailer density metrics and assess their relationship with cannabis use. Methods: Drawing from GIS-based measures of alcohol outlet density, we developed a series of cannabis retailer density metrics: proximity, counts within 5- 10- 15-, and 30-minute driving distances, and considered retail licensure. Retailer addresses were compiled by webscraping cannabis registries (e.g. Weedmaps) and conducting field visits (March 2019). Home addresses were geocoded for participants who completed a 2019 survey (n 1097). A series of retailer metrics was created for each person. We fit a series of multi-level logistic regression models with a random intercept by census tract (CT) (models adjusted for age, gender, race/ethnicity, college student, and CT median household income) to assess which retailer metrics were associated with any past month cannabis use. Results: Thirty percent of participants used cannabis in the past month, and 430 retailers were operating in LA in 2019. Thirty-nine percent of participants had a retailer within a mile from home and an average of 14 retailers within a 10-minute drive. Licensed retailers were less prevalent; the nearest licensed retailer was on average 2.4 miles from home. The odds of past month cannabis use significantly increased by 3% (OR:1.03, 95% CI:1.00–1.07) for every additional licensed retailer within a 10-minute drive in adjusted model; use was also significantly associated with licensed retailers within a 30-minute drive (OR:1.01, 95% CI:1.00–1.01). Proximity metrics were not significantly associated with past month cannabis use.
Why Young Adults Obtain a Medical Marijuana Card: Associations with Health Symptoms and Heaviness of Use
Authors: Hummer Justin , Seelam Rachana , Pedersen Eric , Tucker Joan , Klein David , D'Amico Elizabeth
Published: April 2021

Objective. Prior studies documenting more frequent and problematic use among young adults who have acquired medical marijuana (MM) cards have broadly compared those who use medically to those who use recreationally. Gaining a better picture of how health symptoms and problematic use vary both within those who have a MM card for specific condition domains and between those who do not have a MM card can provide key information for medical practitioners and states interested in adopting or updating MM policies. Method. The current study categorizes young adults authorized to use MM into three mutually exclusive groups based on endorsements of qualifying conditions: (1) Physical Health only (e.g., AIDS, arthritis, cancer; n = 34); (2) Behavioral Health only (e.g., anxiety, depression, sleep problems; n = 75); and (3) Multiple Conditions (a physical and behavioral health condition; n = 71). Multiple and logistic regression models examined differences across marijuana use, problems, mental health, physical health, and sleep quality for MM condition categories and for those that only use marijuana recreationally (n = 1,015). Results. After adjusting for socio-demographic factors (age, sex, sexual orientation, educational status, employment status, race/ethnicity, mother’s education, prior intervention involvement in youth), MM card holders, particularly those with physical health or multiple health conditions, reported heavier, more frequent, and more problematic and risky marijuana use compared to those using recreationally. Despite this pattern, those in different MM condition categories were generally not found to be more symptomatic in domains of mental or physical health relevant to their respective conditions, compared to different category groups or to those using recreationally. Conclusions. Findings emphasize the importance of providers conducting a careful assessment of reasons for needing a card, along with use, to reduce potential harms while adding credibility to a medical movement with genuine promise of relief for many medical conditions.
Praktyka transkrypcji współczesnego języka rosyjskiego na znaki polskiego alfabetu w świetle reguł wydawnictwa naukowego PWN (na podstawie eksperymentu badawczego)
Authors: Dzienisiewicz Daniel , Dzienisiewicz Maria
Published: April 2021

The article discusses the results of a research experiment performed on a group of students at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań. The students were asked to transcribe Russian texts into the Polish alphabet without any previous training in transcription. The aim of the study was to examine natural inclinations of Polish native speakers in terms of the transcription of the Russian language and to compare the results of the study with the rules of transcription and transliteration used by the Polish Scientific Publishers PWN. Another aim of the study was to confront the obtained data against the outcomes of the analysis of the transcription of Russian texts in the Polish press.
Имитация жанра жития в литературе российского постмодернизма (на примере романа Владимира Шарова «Будьте как дети»
Authors: Кирчанов Максим
Published: April 2021

Автор анализирует особенности имитации и симуляции жанра жития в литературе российского постмодернизма в контекстах романа Владимира Шарова Будьте как дети. Предполагается, что 1) В. Шаров как писатель-постмодернист только имитировал и симулировал религиозность; 2) проза В. Шарова может быть интерпретирована в категориях деконструкции традиционной идентичности и религиозности как одного из ее оснований, 3) писатель трансплантировал основные композиционные и сюжетные особенности житий в постмодернистский текст для их деконструкции и (ре)изобретения одновременно.
Интерпретативный поворот в культуре постмодерна
Authors: Усовская Элина
Published: April 2021

В статье раскрывается сущность и контексты интерпретативного поворота как одного из проявлений культуры постмодерна. Интерпретативный поворот связан с изменением подходов к определению культуры, стратегий и методологии ее изучения, расширением междисциплинарного поля ее исследований, трансформацией мировоззренческих парадигм в сторону плюралистической картины мира.
Mass spectrometric study of the leak tightness of products made of technical sintered beryllium
Authors: Fokanov A. N. , Podurazhnaya V. F. , Tebyakin A. V.
Published: April 2021

Beryllium products exhibiting a low level of absorption of the radiation energy are widely used in scientific instrumentation design (x-ray technology, radiation detectors, etc.). We present the results of studying the leak tightness of products (disks, plates) made of technical sintered beryllium of standard purity and foil obtained by «warm» rolling from high-purity beryllium. The relevant standards and requirements for testing are given. The leak tightness control was performed using mass spectrometric helium leak detectors with forevacuum backing pumps (oil and dry diaphragm pumps) and specialized vacuum equipment. The parameters of tightness of samples made of technical sintered beryllium were determined. The level of the helium signal during blowing was (0.6 – 7.4) × 10–11 Pa · m3/sec, which corresponds to the tightness standard of foreign analogues and matches the requirements of domestic manufacturers of x-ray equipment. The data spread tended to increase due to the growth of the background value. The obtained results can be used to improve high-tech equipment intended for flaw detection, medical devices, rapid analysis of ore raw materials, radiation safety equipment, etc.
Computational and fractographic study of the stable growth of low cycle fatigue cracks in the disk of an aircraft engine turbine under complex loading cycles
Authors: Tumanov N. V. , Vorobjeva N. A. , Kalashnikova A. I. , Kuz’min E. P. , Lavrentyeva M. A. , Servetnik A. N.
Published: April 2021

The results of a comprehensive computational and experimental study of the kinetics of low-cycle fatigue cracks (LCF) in a turbine disk made of EP741NP granular nickel alloy of an aircraft gas turbine engine under complex loading cycles (CLC) are presented. The configuration of crack fronts was reconstructed using light microscopy. Steps of the blocks of fatigue striations characterizing the crack increment under CLC at the stage of steady crack growth are measured using scanning electron microscopy during microfractographic analysis. The period of LCF crack steady growth is estimated and the reproducibility of the regularities of steady growth is demonstrated which testifies the capability of reliable prediction for LCF crack steady growth. The finite element modeling of the reconstructed crack fronts has been carried out. The values?? of the range of stress intensity factor at each crack front in the area of measuring the pitch of the striation blocks were calculated for the subcycles of complex loading cycles. Using the previously developed physically grounded mathematical model and calculation methodology, forecasting of stable growth of the LCF crack was carried out. The results of forecasting match the data of micro-fractographic analysis unlike the results of LCF crack growth prediction based on Paris law which differ significantly from experimental data.
TÜMELLER VE ÖZELLİKLER ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN REALİZM VE TROP KURAMLARI AÇISINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: YORGUN Faruk
Published: April 2021

“Kar beyazdır” gibi bir önermede karın beyaz olduğunu neye dayanarak söyler ve karın beyaz olduğunu nasıl biliriz? Bu türden bir önermenin, yani karın neden beyaz olduğunun cevabı farklı kuramlarca farklı şekillerde verilmiştir. Örneğin realist kuramlar beyazlık diye bir tümelin var olduğunu iddia ederek cevap verirken, trop kuramlar karın beyaz olma özelliğine sahip olmasından daha doğru ifadeyle beyaz olma tropuna sahip olduğundan dolayı beyaz olarak tanımladığını iddia eder. Her iki kuramın cevaplarının arasındaki en temel ayrım, biri tümel diye bir şeyin varlığını kabul ederken (Realist kuramlar) bir diğeri karın beyaz olduğunu söylemek için bir tümele gerek olmadığını (Trop kuramları) kabul etmesidir.

Bunun yanında tümel ve özellik arasındaki ilişki de benzer bir şekilde sorunludur. Realist kuramlarda, hepsinde değil, özellik ve tümel aynı şey olarak kabul edilirken, nominalist kuramlarda tümel ve özelliklerin varlıkları dahi kabul edilmez. Bunun yanında trop kuramları, tümeli reddetmelerine rağmen özelliklerin olduğunu kabul eder.

Bu çalışmada tümel ve özellik arasındaki ilişki realist ve trop kuramlarının iddiaları bağlamında değerlendirilecektir. Bu değerlendirmelerin nihayetinde nesneye ilişkin bilgimizin izahında trop kuramların neden başarılı oldukları açıklanacaktır.
CULTURAL IDENTITY IN BELOVED
Authors: ELÇİ Ayşegül
Published: April 2021

This study aims to analyse the novel Beloved by Toni Morrison in terms of

cultural identity through post-colonial perspective. In Beloved which deals with

slavery in America in nineteenth century, by portraying a true history of a Black

slave mother, Morrison reflects the voice of voiceless, sufferers, and others who are

shut from any contentment in life. She represents bluntly the unpleasant experiences

of constructing identity in the shadow of racism. The novel illustrates the hardships

and pressure grieved by the slaves of a farm called Sweet Home in the period of the

Civil War focusing on the misery of Sethe's poor, depressed family. In this study, the

factors affecting African American identity and the process of constructing the cultural identity of African Americans are discussed through viewing the period`s

deep-seated developments.
ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN ETKİLEŞİM KAYGISININ KİŞİLİK ÖZELLİKLERİNE VE SOSYAL MEDYA KULLANIMINA GÖRE İNCELENMESİ
Authors: DÜŞÜNCELİ Betül , FARİZ Sinem
Published: April 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacını üniversite öğrencilerinin etkileşim kaygısı düzeylerinin kişilik özelliklerine ve sosyal medya kullanım süresine göre incelenmesi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmaya bir devlet üniversitesinde öğrenim gören 156’sı erkek, 490’ı kadın olmak üzere 646 öğrenci gönüllü katılım sağlamıştır. Araştırmada verilerin toplanması amacıyla Etkileşim Kaygısı Ölçeği ve Beş Faktör Kişilik Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin çözümlenmesinde korelasyon analizi, çoklu regresyon analizi ve tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda dışadönüklük, nörotiklik ve deneyime açıklık kişilik özelliklerinin üniversite öğrencilerinin etkileşim kaygısını anlamlı düzeyde yordadığı bulunmuştur. Dışadönüklük ve deneyime açıklık kişilik özellikleri arttıkça, etkileşim kaygısı azalmakta, nörotiklik kişilik özellikleri arttıkça etkileşim kaygısı artmaktadır. Regresyon katsayısına göre yordayıcı değişkenlerin etkileşim kaygısı üzerindeki önem sırası ise; dışadönüklük, nörotiklik ve deneyime açıklık şeklinde sıralanabilir. Ayrıca araştırma sonucunda sosyal medya kullanım süresi 5 saatten fazla olan öğrencilerin etkileşim kaygısı düzeylerinin sosyal medya kullanım süresi 0-1 saat olanlardan istatistiksel olarak daha yüksek olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular ilgili literatür çerçevesinde tartışılmıştır.
YOKSULLUK ÇALIŞMALARINDA HANE/AİLE STRATEJİLERİ ÜZERİNE KAVRAMSAL BİR TARTIŞMA
Authors: TEKTEN AKSÜRMELİ Zeynep Serap , SAĞLAM Serdar
Published: April 2021

Hane ve aile, yoksulluğun yönetilmesinde en önemli birimlerdir. Hane ve aile stratejileri, geçim, başa çıkma, hayatta kalma, uyum sağlama gibi yoksullukla mücadele edilirken ulaşılmak istenen amacı niteleyen farklı kullanımlarla karşımıza çıkar. Bu çalışmanın amacı sosyal politika ve yoksulluk çalışmalarında sıklıkla kullanılan hane stratejileri ve aile stratejileri kavramlarının incelenmesidir. Bu çalışmada hane stratejisi ve aile stratejisi kavramlarının güçlü ve zayıf yönleri ele alınmış ve bu kavramlarının yoksulluk araştırmaları için önemi tartışılmıştır. Çalışmanın ilk kısmında hane ve ailenin farklı tanımlarına değinilmiştir. Her ne kadar hane ve aile arasında kavramsal farklılar bulunsa da hane stratejileri ve aile stratejilerinin benzer hayatta kalma ve geçim çabalarını içerdiği görülmektedir. Hanenin ve ailenin yoksulluk karşısında bireyin ayakta kalması için önemine rağmen, bu birimlerin toplumsal cinsiyet ve yaş başta olmak üzere çeşitli faktörlerin etkisiyle eşitsiz güç ilişkilerini içerdiği bilinmektedir. Bu eşitsizliklere rağmen hane ve aile üyelerinin bir arada kalarak stratejiler oluşturdukları görülür. Çalışmanın ikinci kısmı strateji kavramına ve bu kavramın yoksulluk çalışmalarında kullanımı üzerine yapılan tartışmalara odaklanmıştır. Hane ve aile birimlerinin strateji analizinde kullanılması, yoksulluk karşısında bireyi aşan kararlar ve eylemlerin anlaşılmasına olanak sağlar. Strateji analizi hanelerin ve ailelerin koşullarını dönüştürme yetisine önem veren bir analiz şekli olması nedeniyle yoksulluk literatürü için önemlidir.
BİLİM VE SANAT MERKEZLERİ SOSYAL BİLGİLER ÖĞRETİM PROGRAMINA YÖNELİK ÖĞRETMEN GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: BOLAT Halil , KARAKUŞ Fazilet
Published: April 2021

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı bilim ve sanat merkezleri sosyal bilgiler öğretim programına yönelik öğretmen görüşlerini incelemektir. Araştırmada, karma yöntem araştırma desenlerinden iç içe desen, veri toplama aracı olarak Bilim ve Sanat Merkezleri Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretim Programını Değerlendirme Anketi ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada öncelikle araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan anket 75 sosyal bilgiler öğretmenine uygulanmış, derinlemesine ve ayrıntılı verilere ulaşmak amacıyla da 9 öğretmenle görüşme yapılmıştır. Araştırmada amaçlı örnekleme türlerinden ölçüt örnekleme kullanılmıştır. Nicel veriler analiz edilirken betimsel istatistikten, nitel veriler analiz edilirken içerik analizi yönteminden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre öğretmenlerin BİLSEM sosyal bilgiler öğretim programına yönelik olumlu tutum ve görüşlere sahip oldukları görülmektedir. Öğretmenler kazanımlar, içerik, öğrenme öğretme ve ölçme değerlendirme boyutunu birçok açıdan yeterli bulmakta ancak programda zenginleştirmenin arttırılması, atölyelerin uygun hale getirilerek teknolojik donanım ve araç gereçlerin sağlanması, ölçme değerlendirme sürecine velilerin dahil edilerek, velilerin yapılan ölçme değerlendirme etkinlikleri hakkında bilgilendirilmesi ile ilgili eksiklikler olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır.
TÜRKİYE SİYASETİNDE YENİ PARTİLERİN SEÇİM SONUÇLARI ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: SAVUT Emre
Published: April 2021

Bu çalışma Türkiye siyasetinin yeni partilerini ve bu partilerin seçim sonuçlarını ele almaktadır. Yeni parti tipleri arasında yapılacak ayrım, bu partilerin seçim sonuçlarının incelenmesi noktasında oldukça önemlidir. Aynı şekilde, seçim sistemi, parti sistemi gibi faktörler de yeni partilerin seçim sonuçları üzerinde belirleyici olmaktadır. Türkiye siyaseti hem yeni parti tipolojileri hem de seçim sonuçlarını etkileyen faktörler açısından zengin bir içeriğe sahiptir. Bu bağlamda Türkiye siyasetinde yeni partilerin seçim sonuçlarını etkileyen en önemli faktörün seçim sistemi olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Bununla birlikte seçim piyasası başarısızlığı, büyük seçim çevresi gibi faktörlerin de etkisi söz konusudur. Ayrıca Türkiye’nin genel seçimleri incelendiğinde halef ve bölünme partilerinin diğer yeni parti tiplerine göre daha başarılı olduğu görülmektedir.
Sualtı Akustik Algılayıcı Ağlarda Onay Paketi (ACK) Sayısının Ağ Başarımına Etkileri
Authors: SAZAK Nükhet
Published: April 2021

Bu çalışmada sualtı akustik algılayıcı ağlar (SAAA’lar) için geliştirilen S-FAMA protokolü ile onun etkinliğini arttırmak için önerilen yaklaşımlardan olan Çoklu-ACK’daki onay (ACK) paket sayısının ağ başarımı üzerindeki etkileri ele alınmaktadır. Sualtı akustik algılayıcı ağlarda yüksek yayılım gecikmesi yüzünden bir onay (ACK) paketinin kaybının maliyeti yüksektir. Veri iletimi sırasında bir onay (ACK) paketi kaybolduğunda iletim sürecinin tekrarlanması enerji israfına neden olmaktadır. Bunu önlemek için önerilen yaklaşımlardan biri olan Çoklu-ACK sayesinde tek bir ACK yerine ACK dizisi kullanılarak bir onay paketinin başarıyla alınma olasılığı arttırılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada ACK dizisinde yer alan paket sayısının iş çıkarma oranı iyileştirmesi ve enerji verimliliği bakımından ağ başarımına etkileri matematiksel olarak analiz edilmektedir.
Reducción de estrés en pacientes con Enfermedad Renal Crónica
Authors: Olvera Navas Valeria , Sánchez Beltrán Marisol , Muñoz Arellano Diana Lucero , Becerra Gálvez Ana Leticia , Reynoso Erazo Leonardo
Published: April 2021

Vivir con un padecimiento crónico degenerativo como la Enfermedad Renal Crónica (ERC) implica seguir tratamientos e indicaciones, que podrían suponer un reto para los pacientes y llegar a generar situaciones de estrés. Este libro tiene como objetivo ser una guía flexible de un modelo de intervención psicológica en línea atendiendo condiciones contemporáneas. Se desarrolla una propuesta de trabajo breve, con una metodología cognitivo conductual, proponiendo un enfoque práctico que permite al terapeuta tomar diferentes decisiones y seleccionar técnicas ajustadas a las necesidades de cada paciente, adaptando las estrategias y materiales haciendo uso de las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TIC’s).
Is the ‘docta ignorantia’ a form of ‘philosophari in Maria’?
Authors: Szalay Mátyás
Published: April 2021

Cusanus’ learned ignorance is a complex notion that is explained as a form of introduction into Christian wisdom. The different meanings of how God exceeds our conceptual reach and remains ineffable despite all metaphorical approaches are laid out in three steps: the first is devoted to God (conicidencia oppositorum), the second to the Universe (complicatio/explicatio) and the third to the God-man, Jesus Christ. Jesus Christ is represented here as an intermediary, as measure and mediator between God and creation, the finite and the infinite. Along these lines I highlight three main aspects of docta ignoratia as especially relevant for contemporary thinking. These aspects will be used to evaluate the extent to which Cusanus’ powerful proposal to reinterpret Christian reality can help us respond to Pope John Paul II’s exhortation in Fides et ratio to understand and to exercise Christian reflection as philosophari in Maria.
Qualitative analysis of a mathematical model of divorce epidemic with anti-divorce therapy
Authors:   Department of Mathematics/Statistics/Computer Science, College of Science, Nigeria, Gweryina Reuben Iortyer , Kaduna Francis Shienbee ,   Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, Makurdi, Nigeria, Kura Muhammadu Yahaya ,   Department of Mathematics/Statistics, Federal Polytechnic Nasarawa, Nigeria
Published: April 2021

Marriage is the living together of two persons as husband and wife. Separation and Divorce are the frontier challenges facing the existence of stable family system. In this paper, we construct an epidemiological model of divorce epidemic using standard incidence function as force of marital disunity. The study examines qualitatively that the two equilibra (divorce-free and endemic equilibrium point) are globally stable by Lyapunov functions. Numerical results reveal that, anti-divorce protocols and reconciliation can jointly stabilize marriages, and Married cases that survive divorce epidemic in 30 years period of marriage (twice the survival period of separation) cannot break again.
Some basic properties of Sombor indices
Authors:   Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia, Gutman Ivan
Published: April 2021

The recently introduced class of vertex-degree-based molecular structure descriptors, called Sombor indices (\(SO\)), are examined and a few of their basic properties established. Simple lower and upper bounds for \(SO\) are determined. It is shown that any vertex-degree-based descriptor can be viewed as a special case of a Sombor-type index.
Evidencia de puestas múltiples para la Golondrina Tijerita (Hirundo rustica erythrogaster, Passeriformes: Hirundinidae) en el centro de Argentina
Authors: Di Dino Anabella , Santillán Miguel Ángel , Grande Juan Manuel
Published: April 2021

La Golodrina Tijerita (Hirundo rustica erythrogaster) es una migrante de amplia distribución en el continente americano, nidifica en el Hemisferio Norte y, desde 1980, en el Hemisferio Sur. El tamaño promedio de puesta es entre cuatro y cinco huevos. En el presente estudio reportamos puestas inusuales en nidos de la especie en el centro de Argentina, asimismo realizamos una revisión bibliográfica de los trabajos de biología reproductiva donde describan puestas de huevos de la especie y analizamos las posibles causas de dichas puestas excepcionales. El estudio se realizó durante la temporada reproductiva 2016/17, en cercanías de la ciudad de Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina. Nuestros resultados muestran el primer registro de puestas de 10 y 9 huevos para América del Sur y el segundo a nivel global para la especie. Si bien no se monitoreó el desarrollo de los huevos del nido, ambas indicaron que se trataban de puestas múltiples.
Presentare Buzzati (in tema di comunicazione letteraria)
Authors: Zambon Patrizia
Published: April 2021

Pubblico qui il testo di un’intervista realizzata per un programma televisivo, un documentario dedicato a Dino Buzzati. Testo inedito che coniuga (si propone di coniugare) l’esigenza di correttezza e singolarità di un’interpretazione critica con quella di sintesi chiarezza e brevità richiesta dalla divulgazione di un argomento letterario.
In margine al Lazzaretto Vecchio di Venezia. Le scritture epigrafiche di Francesca Malagnini
Authors: Rinaldin Anna
Published: April 2021

The article is focused on some recent textual and linguistic acquisitions contained in the volume by Francesca Malagnini, Il Lazzaretto Vecchio di Venezia. Le scritture epigrafiche (Venice: Marcianum Press, 2018). In particular, the edited epigraphic writings in Latin and in vernacular are resumed and commented with reference to their different functions. In this context, the importance of the texts that convey the language of use emerges as a fundamental item for the reconstruction of the history of Italian.
Giuliano Scabia, Una signora impressionante
Authors: Tamiozzo Goldmann Silvana
Published: April 2021

Recensione di: Scabia, G. (2019). Una signora impressionante. Bellinzona: Casagrande.
Current Capacities of Forensic Psychological and Comprehensive Analysis When Examining Footage of Procedural and Non-Procedural Actions
Authors: Sekerazh T. N.
Published: April 2021

The article addresses some typical situations arising in the course of a forensic psychological examination of footage when it is necessary to establish the following factual data: signs of the credibility of the information reported, spontaneity and preparedness of an interrogated person’s speech, external influence on the given testimony, the emotional state of the interrogated person and his/her psychological characteristics. The author analyses the situations that arise when examining the footage showing informal communication. The article also determines the range of tasks to solve which, the expert needs various specialized knowledge, primarily in the fields of forensic psychology and linguistics. Expert tasks occurring in forensic analysis of the footage of procedural and non-procedural actions depend on the case’s category, significance and procedural status of the footage in the evidentiary framework on the case, and some other factors. The author pays particular attention to the scope of expert competence for different specialties, including on the issues that cannot be solved by expert means at the current stage of scientific development.
Expert Concepts in Forensic Ecology
Authors: Mikhaleva N. V.
Published: April 2021

The article addresses the existing points of view on the term “the language of forensic expertise”. The author draws attention to the fact that many forensic expert terms comprise a synthesis of legal and scientific concepts. The legal concepts contained in Chapter 26 “Environmental crimes” of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, and the definitions of some of them are analyzed. It is pointed out that a range of expert notions necessary for forensic purposes is defined by the GOST R 58081-2018 “Forensic environmental expertise. Terms and definitions”, including the concepts of “environmental harm”, “damage caused to an environmental object”. They should be gradually implemented into the practice of conducting forensic environmental investigations.
The Role of the Council of Europe in the International Cooperation between Russian and European Forensic Organizations
Authors: Smirnova S. A. , Usov A. I. , Govorina N. V. , Kuz’min S. A.
Published: April 2021

The globalization processes in Europe have allowed international crime to become more global and diversified. The appliance of various forms of forensic knowledge and expertise plays an essential role in current judicial proceedings. Among multiple European cooperation formats, the Council of Europe holds a special place as an international organization that promotes cooperation among its members in standards of the rule of law, human rights, democratic development, and cultural interaction. The year 2021 marks a quarter of a century since the Russian Federation’s participation in the Council of Europe. The authors perceive this date’s significance through the interaction of Russian and European forensic organizations within the framework of the European Network of Forensic Science Institutes (ENFSI). It was Russia’s membership in the Council of Europe that allowed the lead forensic institutions of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs and Ministry of Justice to join ENFSI and actively participate in its work for many years. The article observes the chronology of the key ENFSI events highlighting its evolvement as the lead pan-European forensic expert organization, the basic principles of which were predetermined by the Council of Europe. As an illustrative example of previous cooperation in solving challenging expert problems is proposed the international program initiated by the Russian party and implemented by ENFSI in 2005–2008 to validate complex methods to identify the products containing platinum group metals produced by mining and metallurgical companies. Subsequently, the consolidated position of European and Russian forensic experts at the St. Petersburg International Legal Forum venue in 2013–2015 served as a powerful impetus for practical development of standardization and accreditation issues in forensic science in Russia. Current problematics of cooperation is mainly devoted to the issues of ensuring the quality of forensic examination, reliability of its conclusions, consolidation of expert databases. The authors also note some interaction problems between forensic organizations resulting from different legal systems, cultural traditions, and scientific schools.
Prosody of Abuse
Authors: Shulgina K. V. , Pasko A. V.
Published: April 2021

The relevance of the study of the prosodic structure of speech acts of abuse is due to the tasks faced by an expert linguist in the study of oral discourse. The present study is experimental; in its course, for the first time, a set of universal and individual prosodic means used when pronouncing a conflict statement with signs of verbal aggression is considered. The purpose of the article is to identify the prosodic characteristics of abuse as an illocutionary act and study the features of suprasegmental units of speech containing invective elements, including those in the structure of utterances not limited by the semantics and pragmatics of abuse. An interdisciplinary approach is applied to analyzing spoken texts based on the appeal to acoustic, auditory, and linguistic analysis methods. The study’s object was unique, authentic utterances: spontaneous sounding speech qualified by the preliminary investigation authorities as a public abuse to a government official. As a result of the study, we identified suprasegmental units that characterize the speakers’ invective speech. The prosodic components of the speech act of abuse within the framework of the utterance include the ascending-descending nature of the frequency of the main tone and increased dynamic characteristics of speech. Statements containing signs of abuse are often carriers of other goals. Prosodic accents in such utterances vary and depend on the leading speech purpose of the utterance. Together with their addresser’s speech goal, the analyzed utterances’ propositional content is manifested by a particular prosodic structure. The intonational model of such statements when solving diagnostic expert problems acts as one of the indicators of a subjective negative assessment, which contributes to identifying a speech act as an abuse.
The Introduction of Clinical Skills Assessment into the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE): A Description of USMLE Step 2 Clinical Skills (CS)
Authors: Hawkins Richard E.
Published: April 2021

In June 2004, Step 2 Clinical Skills (CS) was introduced into the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE). The purpose of USMLE Step 2 CS is to ensure successful candidates for licensure in the United States possess the clinical skills that are essential for safe and effective patient care. Ensuring high quality in such a large-scale, performance-based test requires meticulous attention to detail at multiple levels in preparing for implementation. These levels include: case and test development, standardized patient training, quality assurance, scoring and standard setting. The authors describe the efforts undertaken to ensure the examination provides for a fair assessment of individual examinee performance with regard to those fundamental patient-centered skills.