bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Empowering Opinions: The Role of Political Parties in Enhancing Political Participation in Gilgit- Baltistan
Authors: Mehdi Asif , Ismail Muhmmad , Ali Kousar
Published: September 2024

This study explores the crucial role of political parties in enhancing political participation in Gilgit-Baltistan, a region characterized by unique socio-political dynamics and historical marginalization within Pakistan. The strategies and activities of various political parties, this research seeks to understand how they influence political engagement among the local population. This study examines the pivotal role political parties play in enhancing political participation in Gilgit-Baltistan, a region of strategic significance in Pakistan. By analyzing the dynamics of political engagement, this research highlights how political parties act as conduits for citizen involvement in the political process. The study delves into the mechanisms through which parties mobilize support, foster civic awareness, and facilitate voter turnout, emphasizing the unique socio-political landscape of Gilgit-Baltistan.
Women's Empowerment in Pakistan
Authors: Zulfiqar Tooba
Published: September 2024

In the light of globalization and technical breakthroughs, this study examines the complex history, current issues, and potential future directions of women's empowerment in Pakistan. This article starts with the moral obligation and societal advantages of gender equality before diving into the historical viewpoints of women's empowerment in Pakistan highlighting significant individuals and occasions, such as General Zia-ul-Haq's regime and Sir Syed Ahmad Khan's support for women's education. Opportunities for reaching gender parity through legislative reforms and political leadership are analyzed. Further, there is a focus on reasons why technology contributes to women's empowerment, especially in the aspects of economic, educational, and informational opportunities. Idea considered in this article is that education plays a crucial part in the liberation of women, the issue of gender equality as the key to sustainable development, and people's and governments' mutual cooperation in the face of retained inequality and the need for gender equality.
Framing of Afghan Taliban Regime (2022) in Pashto Press: An Analysis of Daily Hewad & Daily Wahdat
Authors: Amjad Mohammad , Khan Rooh Ul Amin , Khan Bin Yamin
Published: September 2024

This research article is an attempt to understand the depiction of the Taliban government in two Pashto dailies Daily Wahdat (Pakistan) and Daily Hewad (Afghanistan). Using the mixed-method approach the current study investigates the way media organizations selectively portray different events and themes. The results show that both the dailies had focused on the conflict narrative & emphasized the controversial nature of the Taliban rule. The Pakistani daily "Wahdat" is found to follow the narrative and persuasive strategies for news to shape public opinion however, the Afghanistan-based Pashto daily, "Hewad" tends to follow analytical and detailed stories for their audience. Both the dailies used numerous frames, techniques, and tones to demonstrate the impact of media framing on public discourse.
Prospects of Pakistan-Afghanistan Trade: A New Economic Geography Approach
Authors: Khan Mommen , Kakar Sher Ali
Published: September 2024

This research examines the prospects of Pakistan- Afghanistan trade through the lens of new economic geography theory. The study focuses on bilateral trade between the two countries and Central Asian Republics, transit trade. Pakistan`s geographic location makes it an important country in the region for facilitating global connectivity and fostering trade with neighboring nations, providing access to world markets through its seaports and land routes. Pakistan is an important country for Afghanistan. Afghanistan, being a landlocked country, relies on Pakistan for access to international markets. On the other hand, Afghanistan provides access to Pakistan to energy-rich Central Asian Republics(CARs). The study finds that despite the significant geographical locations of Afghanistan and Pakistan bilateral trade between the two countries is behind its true potential while the transit trade facilities are being misused. The study also examines the factors hindering the full potential of Pak-Afghan bilateral and transit trade and provides policy recommendations.
Syntactic and Rhetorical Analysis of Joe Biden’s Inaugural Speech at Washington D.C.
Authors: Farid Aisha , Hussain Muhammad Sabboor , Farid Nighat
Published: September 2024

Inaugural speech is the first chance for a president to engage the public in new strategies for success. Every inaugural speech is an example of the aims and objectives of the future. As president of America, Joe Biden has faced many challenges, including foreign affairs, a poor economy due to COVID-19, and, most importantly, American unity. The focus of the present investigation is to lead a stylistic examination from the viewpoint of syntax and rhetoric on Joe Biden's inaugural speech in Washington,D.C., on January 21, 2021. The researchers discovered that the speech is full of rhetorical and syntactic devices. The analysis revealed that the speech emphasized on unity and solidarity to preserve and promote American Identity through the excessive use of First-person pronouns and planned use of similes, repetitions, modality and conjunction. In this way, Biden made his speech productive and readily revealed his plans and motives to his audience.
Academic productivity and career trajectory of international medical graduates in US neurosurgery residency programs
Authors: Hulou M. Maher , Essibayi Muhammed Amir , Samaan Christopher Ala , McAtee Annabel M. , McLouth Christopher J. , Madriñán-Navia Humberto José , Benner Dimitri , Park Marian T. , Howshar Jacob T. , Mirza Farhan A. , Graffeo Christopher S. , Lawton Michael T.
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to review and compare the research experiences and career outcomes of international medical graduates (IMGs) with those of US medical graduates (USMGs).

METHODS

Neurosurgery graduates from 2018 to 2020 were evaluated on the basis of medical school, degree, residency program, publications before and during residency, postresidency fellowships, and career progression. Publications were further categorized by author order and type (laboratory, comprehensive clinical, or short communication).

RESULTS

Of 550 neurosurgery graduates, 39 (7%) were IMGs, with the largest percentages from India (8/39, 21%) and in a residency position in Pennsylvania (5/39, 13%). Prior to residency, IMGs had a higher median number of all publications (4 vs 1, p < 0.001), first-author articles (2 vs 0, p < 0.001), comprehensive clinical articles (1 vs 0, p = 0.002), and short communication articles (1 vs 0, p < 0.001) than USMGs. Similarly, the median number of papers published by IMGs during residency was also higher compared with that of USMGs for all publications (20 vs 9, p = 0.004), laboratory articles (1 vs 0, p < 0.001), and short communication articles (4 vs 3, p = 0.04). The percentage of early academic appointments was higher for IMGs (25/39, 64%) than for USMGs (232/511, 45%) (p = 0.03). No significant difference was observed between the percentages of postresidency clinical fellowships completed by IMGs (28/39, 72%) and USMGs (302/511, 59%) (p = 0.15). No statistical significance was found between the ranking of neurosurgery residency programs attended by IMGs and USMGs (p = 0.65).

CONCLUSIONS

The results indicate that IMGs often exhibit higher academic productivity than USMGs. Although there was no discernible difference in residency program rankings or postresidency fellowships completed, early academic appointments were more prevalent among IMGs.
Current trends, molecular insights, and future directions toward precision medicine in the management of pediatric cerebral arteriovenous malformations
Authors: Phillips H. Westley , Shanahan Regan M. , Aiyudu Clementina , Miller Tracy A. , Liu Hilary Y. , Greene Stephanie
Published: September 2024

Pediatric arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are rare but carry a risk of devastating neurological morbidity and mortality. Rupture of a cerebral AVM is the most common cause of spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage in children, with an unruptured AVM having an approximate hemorrhage risk of 2%–4% per year.

The complex etiology of pediatric AVMs persists as an impediment to a comprehensive understanding of pathogenesis and subsequent targeted gene therapies. While AVMs secondary to vascular malformation syndromes have a clearer pathogenesis, a variety of gene mutations have been identified within sporadic AVM cases. The Ephrin B2/EphB4 (RASA-1, KRAS, and MEK) signaling axis, hemorrhagic telangiectasia, NOTCH, and TIE2 receptor complexes (PIK3CA and mTOR), in addition to other isolated gene variants, have been implicated in AVM pathogenesis. Furthering the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of AVM pathogenesis will lead to future novel therapies and treatment paradigms.

Given the expected lifespan of a child, pediatric patients have an unacceptably high cumulative lifetime risk of hemorrhage. AVM treatment strategies are dependent on AVM grade, provider preference, and institutional resources. While open microsurgery is the mainstay of treatment for some AVMs, radiosurgery for definitive treatment and adjunctive endovascular embolization are also used extensively. There is increasing evidence indicating that all three modalities play important and potentially synergistic roles in the armamentarium for pediatric AVM treatment. This review serves to report current understanding in the genetic and molecular mechanisms of pediatric AVMs, review clinical diagnostic and classification criteria, and detail treatment options and subsequent outcomes of pediatric AVM patients.
The third integrative wave in sociology. Part i: the relevance of a new agenda
Authors: Ivanov Dmitry V.
Published: September 2024

The article is analyzing fragmentation and integration waves in sociology development. The first integrative wave was in the 1920s – 1950s. It appeared in grand theories by P. Sorokin, T. Parsons, the Frankfurt school uniting heterogeneous ideas from classics in models of society as system. After the paradigm crisis of the 1960s-70s and following spread of postmodernist discourse, the second integrative wave arose in form of theories overcoming gaps between concepts of determinist structures and constructivist agency (J. Habermas, A. Giddens, P. Bourdieu) as well as in form of metatheorizing (G. Ritzer, P. Sztompka, J. Alexander). Today’s fragmentation of sociology under conditions of metaparadigm crisis and post-globalization is provoked by the rising postcolonial discourse, by attempts to stigmatize western classics and to create theoretical alternatives to the ‘global North’ domination in knowledge production as well as by conceptions opposing social reality of networks and flows to classical sociality of structures and agency. The third integrative wave is expected to come in the 2020s displacing tendencies of disintegration, discrimination, growing gaps and rising barriers. New theories are relevant as they create a coherent configuration of four types of structures: institutions, interactions, networks, and flows. Concepts of augmented social reality, augmented Modernity, and augmented data are proposed to be solutions for theoretical and methodological integration in sociology.
Changes in global and Russian theoretical sociology
Authors: Romanovskiy Nikolay V.
Published: September 2024

The article presents an overview of changes in contemporary theoretical sociology over the past two-three decades from the position of an employee of the journal “Sociological Studies” who supervised the relevant sections during these years. It is proposed to consider changes in the world, in particular the formation of its multipolarity, as the main driving force of changes in sociology and its theoretical sections. By now, the decolonization of countries and continents activates scholars whose approaches to sociology differ from those of M. Weber, T. Parsons, etc. who shaped sociology, oppose them in some respects, and seek concepts adequate to the social reality of liberated countries and peoples in the past and present. A qualitatively new toolkit of sociology, associated with the possibilities of digitalization, is also among the factors. Such a prospect of changes in sociological theory as sociology’s rise to the level of “social science” is also discussed. It is noted that humanism and the “agenda” of the Left – justice, equality, development of society and individuals, etc. – have become the content core of changes in sociological theorizing in recent decades. In conclusion, the main processes in Russian sociological theory are considered.
The formation of a new world order: challenges for Russian social science
Authors: Kirdina-Chandler Svetlana G.
Published: September 2024

Formation of a new world order is one of the most important global changes of the 21st century. Its influence affects all spheres of social life, including the development of sociology in the world and in Russia. The article examines this influence on the activities of the Russian journal “Sotsiologicheskie Issledovaniia” [Sociological Studies], which celebrates its fiftieth anniversary in 2024. The need to clarify the mission of the journal operating in the new conditions is discussed. For this purpose, the features of the new world order, in which Russia becomes part of a new emerging global pole of power, are analysed. Special attention is paid to the impact of the formation of a new world order on international communications and the resultant changes taking place, including in the field of social science. The challenges that the new world order poses to sociologists of all countries are identified, and the potential capabilities of Russian sociologists to respond to these challenges are considered. The need for new emphases in the mission of the journal ““Sotsiologicheskie Issledovaniia” is defined, reflecting the values of promoting global dialogue between sociologists from different countries.
Ideology vs utopia: old contradictions and new conflicts in modern societies
Authors: Cнernysh Mikhail F.
Published: September 2024

Modern sociology offers several interpretations for the concept of ideology. For orthodox Marxist thinkers, ideology is a system of concepts introduced into public consciousness by the state ideological apparatus. For others it is a false consciousness that drives the masses away from the struggle for their rights. Still another interpretation implies that ideology is an instrument necessary to control the masses in the interests of the ruling class. Recalling the regulatory role of ideology in the Soviet society, some Russian politicians propose to work out an effective unifying ideology for modern Russian society. But is such ideology possible in societies permeated by new communicative technologies? To answer this question, it is necessary to understand the mental basis of modern societies and the reflection of its evolution in sociological theory. It is not only the ideas that matter, but the environment into which they are planted. The environment is governed by common sense and resentiment. In modern societies characterized by the overproduction of information and ideas, variegating ideologies with a claim to systemic, holistic understanding of reality run against continuous discourses operating short emotionally loaded texts, memes and imagery. The discourse has a capability to easily toss various elements making out of them more effective tools to impact mass consciousness. They dispose of more mobilizing power than traditional systemic ideologies such as liberalism or communism.
Disenchanting the western mainstream
Authors: Martianov Viktor S.
Published: September 2024

The changing global social ontology entails an inevitable transformation of the normative model for self-description of modern society in social sciences. As diverse limits to growth are reached (capacity of global markets, demography, ecology, mass employment, etc.), the search for and legitimation of alternative social hierarchies and principles of resource distribution is actualised complicated by the stagnant humanity’s resource base and the appropriation of intellectual rents and infrastructural (technological, military, economic) advantages by an increasingly insignificant minority. These background tendencies lead to a) an inevitable transformation of dominant perceptions of what constitutes social, economic, political norms and b) an increasingly critical reception of normative self-descriptions of Western societies, which previously, due to the unconditional dominance of the West, were offered as the ideal of social organisation for all others. The alternative to the Western mainstream is increasingly centered around notions and concepts that describe a future beyond the ideologically loaded and increasingly irrelevant models of liberal democracies and self-regulated markets, which have been controversially and very limitedly realized in the historical practice of Western societies. The global debate on universal social norms is driven by a renewed socio-political and economic context that universally registers for most citizens the inequalities and injustices of the de facto oligopoly markets and elitist democracies that encompass all modern societies. The disenchantment (M. Weber) of the narrative of liberal-market democracies is confirmed by the global rise of nationalisms, protectionism, populism, the widespread contraction of the welfare state and the uprisings of various minorities, including in Western countries, revealing an increasing divergence between social theory, ideology and ontology at the base of the end of history, which turned out only to be its new, post-Western turn.
The regional dimension of digital skills research
Authors: Popov Evgeniy V.
Published: September 2024

The main research problem underlying the article is the bias in the results of analysing the level of digital skills when approximating variables are used. It is noted that this strategy is common in the Russian digitalisation researchers academic community. Instead of the approximating tactic, the article uses the established methodology of calculating the level of digital literacy by Eurostat used until the year 2021. The empirical basis of the study is Rosstat data. By analysing it the author demonstrates the differentiation of the Russian regions by key components of the digital literacy level: information and communication competences, the ability to solve everyday tasks and the ability to work with software. The cluster model developed in the course of the analysis allowed to identify three groups of regions differing in these components: leaders (21 regions), middle-ranking regions (43 regions) and lagging behind (21 regions). The leading regions include the Omsk and Murmansk Regions and the city of Moscow, while the lagging regions include the Republic of North Ossetia, the Magadan and Jewish Autonomous Regions. It was revealed that the overall level of digital literacy in the regions is influenced by economic indicators: the average index of the physical volume of GRP, the average size of wages, as well as the value component – a positive assessment of the impact of digital technologies on life in particular.
The (no)impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on everyday self-care: consolidating the effects
Authors: Lebedeva-Nesevria Natalia A. , Sharypova Sofya Y.
Published: September 2024

The article tests the hypothesis about the consolidation of self-care practices implemented by Russians during the COVID-19 pandemic in the post-pandemic period. The consensus of various social groups regarding the importance of caring for health and its priority over other values is shown based on materials from in-depth interviews with residents of three Russian megacities (N = 60). A “more attentive attitude” to one’s own health is declared to be an effect of the pandemic. But this is not reflected in real behavioral practices. It is shown based on the RLMS-HSE monitoring panel sample (Waves 27, 29 and 31), that the dynamics of self-care practices in the post-pandemic period had a multi-vector orientation. Examples of habituation, reconfiguration and death of individual self-care practices are described. The preservation of the attributes of a number of health-preserving practices in everyday life “just in case” indicates that Russians perceive the future as risky, and the recurrence of a pandemic situation as probable.
Alcoholism, threat to identity, and migration moods (based on materials of an expedition to the Pskov region)
Authors: Belova Yulia Y.
Published: September 2024

The Pskov region is characterized by an unfavorable alcohol situation and an outflow of young people from the region. The purpose of the article is to demonstrate how young people’s ideas about alcoholism correlate with their area of residence, their sense of belonging to it, and their migration intentions. Based on the results of an analysis of 88 interviews collected during an expedition to the Pskov region, it was revealed that alcoholism of local residents is perceived by young people as threatening their identity. Response ways to maintain a positive identity are produced in several ways: 1) through the justification of the current situation in which young people are forced to exist; 2) through problematization, accompanied by increased categorization of people and places based on the presence or absence of alcoholism and planning to change the alcohol situation in the local territory; 3) by contrasting “those who left” with “those who stayed” according to the principle “either stayed and drink, or left”. The main conclusion is that people, on the one hand, form migration intentions associated with physical and social distancing from “drinkers”, and on the other hand, they seek to transform the area of residence, offering sobriety practices as an alternative to drunkenness practices.
Postmodern deviantology: problems and prospects
Authors: Gilinsky Yakov I.
Published: September 2024

Although the sociology of deviance and social control has been actively developing abroad and in our country since the 1960–1970s, it lacks an understanding of current trends in the context of long-term changes in modern society. The author gives an overview of the consequences of the influencing main features of postmodern society (social inequality, mass migration, social fragmentation of society and, especially, the virtualization of life) on various manifestations of deviance – crime, drug addiction, prostitution, suicide, etc. Proposals are made for the further development of Russian deviantology as sociology of deviance and social control.
Sociology: postmodernism and ontology
Authors: Shchelkin Alexander G.
Published: September 2024

There is a noticeable interest for ontology in sociological science. At the same time, ontology itself is being interpreted ambiguously. On the one hand, there is the tradition of classical ontology represented by the names and works of Aristotle, Parmenides, Hegel, Marx, Heidegger, the Frankfurt School in sociology, G. Lukács, M. Lifshitz. On the other hand, the theme of “social ontology” has emerged basing on the attitudes and stylistics of postmodernism. If in classical ontology there is an orientation towards “authentic” and “true” phenomena of social existence, distinguishing them from “things” that are deviant and do not correspond to their nature, in the postmodern version such an “essential” distinction is not made, for “all states are equivalent”, “everything is idiocratic (purely individual) facts.” In this case, the world of social things is not permeated by “categorical,” “essential,” and “typical” unity. Each “thing” is not determined by its essence, but, on the contrary, is represented by a “plurality” of its arbitrary variations, each of them might be treated as a kind of “authenticity” sui generis, “true” already by virtue of the fact of its existence. Such a positivist-postmodernist relativism nullifies the entire “culture of notions” that constitutes the cornerstone of any ontology, since the «notion» is what is used to grasp the essence of human affairs, where the authenticity of social artifacts is present and what preserves the authenticity of life situations.
A new page in the history of Russian sociology
Authors: Toshchenko Zhan T.
Published: September 2024

The paper offers an analysis of emergence, shaping and functioning of so-called regional field sociology born in contemporary Russia as a result of new economic, political and social requirements. Based on a collective efforts aimed at the activities of organizations in this branch of sociology, it is shown how from disparate, not always scientifically adequate, spontaneously emerging units, significant and influential scholarly and applied formations were built up, which gradually acquired a well-founded methodological and methodological basis that allowed them to satisfy requests from socio-political and commercial structures to solve both promising, but mostly current, short-term problems. It is noted that the book under review highlights and analyzes such key components of the research and at the same time clearly expressed applied activities of these organizations, such as the ratio of quality and quantity, the characteristics of clients (customers) and the complexity of relationships with them. Also important are the thoughts of the authors of this book about the respondents, about what problems and questions arise in the process of contacting them in a wide variety of situations, how they found ways to communicate and involve people in the work of obtaining necessary information. The section that describes the inner world of people who decide to work in these sociological services also attracts attention: the forms of their recruitment, methods of training, ways of maturing and gaining professional maturity. Problematic situations such as acquiring communication skills with people and seeing how some of the results of their work are implemented in management practices are not ignored. Such a painful issue as professional burnout has not been forgotten. This work is also decorated with the presence of irony and incidents in the process of presenting a wide variety of situations in the life of sociologists, and even the use of such a technique as “beads”, where a variety of situations are presented, which, in the opinion of the editor-compiler, fit under the heading “You can’t invent it on purpose”.
Pattern of Translocations in Acute Leukaemia: A Single Centre Experience
Authors: Saharti Samah
Published: September 2024

A multifaceted approach is the current modality to the diagnoses of acute leukaemia. Given the importance of knowing chromosomal aberrations for rapid diagnosis and better treatment selection, this study assessed the frequency of common chromosomal translocations among acute leukaemia patients. In this retrospective study, both conventional karyotype and RT-PCR detecting translocations (HemaVision®-28N) were utilised in 400 patients with acute leukaemia of all subtypes in King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah (2015-2020). The researchers identified 38 acute leukaemia cases associated with translocations out of 400 new cases (9.5%), 326 samples were negative (81.5%) and 36 resisted PCR (9%). The most frequent observed translocation is t(9;22) (q34;q11.2) P190 (representing 28.9% of the total positive calls), followed by t(15;17) (q24;q21) (PML-RARA) and t(8;21) AML-ETO, each of which represents 13 percent. The resulting acute leukaemia translocation frequencies are similar to that published in the literature both locally and globally.
Simulasi Temperatur dan Performa Panel PV dengan Pendinginan Vakum Menggunakan Ansys dan Matlab
Authors: Putra Nabahan Naufal , Suryanto Suryanto , Hamzah Nur
Published: September 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memengetahui kondisi temperatur dan performa PV yang menggunakan teknik pendinginan vakum, yaitu sistem pendingin passive cooling method baru yang dapat mempertahankan suhu ideal sel photovoltaic (PV) pada kondisi optimum dapat disimulasikan dengan perhitungan numerik komputer sehingga memudahkan penelitian teknik pendingin vakum menjadi lebih dinamis diberbagai keadaan tekanan vakum. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan menggunakan simulasi dengan software ANSYS untuk mendapatkan suhu panel dengan teknik pendinginan vakum dan MATLAB untuk menghitung performa daya panel. Untuk simulasi menghasilkan output yang akurat, diperlukan validasi dengan membandingkannya dengan eksperimen yang telah dilakukan oleh peneliti sebelumnya dalam jurnal yang berjudul The Vacuum Technique for Cooling PV Cell. Berdasarkan hasil simulasi yang dilakukan, terdapat sekitar kurang lebih 10% selisih output dibandingkan hasil eksperimen. Dengan tekanan vakum yang diterapkan untuk simulasi pendinginan mulai 0,9 bar sampai 0,1 bar. Pada tekanan 0.9 bar terdapat peningkatan efiesiensi sebesar 5.82% untuk beban 10W dan peningkatan efiesiensi sebesar 2.65% untuk beban 20W. Dengan tekanan 0.1 bar memberikan pendinginan yang lebih baik dengan peningkatan efiesiensi sebesar 16.35% untuk beban 10W dan peningkatan efisiensi sebesar 18.68% untuk beban 20W.
Rancang Bangun Mesin Pemindai 3D Menggunakan Sensor Jarak Infrared Pada Mesin Printer 3D
Authors: Muas Muas , Tangkemanda Abram , Parwandi Lugis , Rusnan Rahmaniar , Oktavianti Rustan Rini
Published: September 2024

Pemindai 3D digunakan untuk memindai objek dunia nyata berdasarkan bentuk, ukuran, dan karakteristik lainnya untuk membuat gambar presisi tinggi dan memberikan informasi tentang setiap objek dilayar komputer. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memudahkan dalam pengukuran dimensi benda serta dapat divisualisasikan dalam bentuk gambar digital. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan pemilihan tempat dan waktu, alat dan bahan, prosedur dan langkah kerja, tahap perakitan, dan proses pengujian. Metode pengambilan data dilakukan menggunakan objek yang bermaterial filamen. Pengujian mesin ini telah dilakukan dengan ketelitian 0,5 dan 0,05 cm/layer. Hasil pengujian yang optimal diperoleh pada ketelitian 0,01 cm/layer yang menunjukkan ciri-ciri yaitu menghasilkan gambar yang jauh lebih baik dibanding dengan ketelitian lainnya, bentuk dan ukuran yang dihasilkan mendekati ukuran sesungguhnya, bentuk benda yang ideal untuk discan yaitu benda berbentuk cembung. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah telah tercipta mesin pemindai 3D menggunakan sensor jarak infrared untuk mendukung mesin printer 3D dengan area kerja 120 x 120 x 150 mm, menggunakan software arduino dan motor stepper NEMA 17 sebagai penggerak.
Efecto de la remineralización de lesión de mancha blanca usando una pasta de nano hidroxiapatita al 20% y una pasta fluorada
Authors: Gordon-Jácome Diego , Farfán Mera Karina Patricia , Paocarina Jiménez Ronald Iván
Published: September 2024

La lesión de mancha blanca se considera como la etapa inicial de la caries dental, la cual ha sido controlada con el uso de pastas dentales con flúor, sin embargo, por el riesgo de fluorosis dental. Objetivo: Comparar el efecto de remineralización de lesión de mancha blanca usando una pasta de nano hidroxiapatita al 20% y una pasta fluorada en dientes premolares. El presente estudio fue sometido y aprobado por el Subcomité de Ética de la Universidad Central del Ecuador Código 007-FO-G-2022. Materiales y Métodos: Se utilizaron 36 muestras, divididas en 3 grupos (n=12), Grupo C de control, Grupo F con pasta fluorada, Grupo N con pasta de nano hidroxiapatita al 20%. Se seccionaron las raices con discos de diamante, micromotor de baja velocidad (NSK, Japón) y refrigeración constante para colocar las coronas en troqueles de acrílico y fueron pulidos con discos (3M Soflex) para tener una superficie homogénea. Se formó una lesión de mancha blanca artificial con una solución desmineralizante que contenía cloruro de calcio 2,2 mM, dihidrogenofosfato de potasio 2,2 mM, ácido acético 0,05 M e hidróxido de potasio 1 M para mantener un pH de 4,4 usando 10ml para cada muestra durante 96 horas. El grupo control se mantuvo en saliva artificial renovada diariamente. Se aplicó 2 gramos de pasta fluorada y de pasta de nano hidroxiapatita al 20% en cada muestra de los grupos F y N con una espátula de plástico y se cepillaron con un cepillo eléctrico (Oral B 3D White) por 5 minutos cada 12 horas por 14 días, se cambió el cabezal cada 5 muestras. Se realizó la medición de la microdureza con el microdurómetro (marca Metkon, modelo Duroline-M) en tres ocasiones, antes y después de la lesión de mancha blanca artificial y después del tratamiento de las muestras.
Remineralización biomimética en dentina y fuerza adhesiva: Silicato de calcio modificado con resina y fosfosilicato de calcio y sodio.
Authors: Velasco Masapanta Madelin Daniela , Vallejo Vélez Karla Elizabeth
Published: September 2024

El objetivo de este estudio In Vitro fue comparar la Dureza Vickers de baja fuerza en la dentina y la fuerza de adhesión al usar dos remineralizantes biomiméticos en cavidades código 4 y 5 según ICDAS II. La muestra estuvo conformada de 178 órganos dentales, los cuales fueron divididos en Grupo A: conformado por 79 órganos dentales que fueron tratados con silicato de calcio modificado con resina y subdivididos en dos grupos 40 piezas que fueron evaluadas la Dureza Vickers de baja fuerza de la dentina y las 39 piezas restantes fueron sometidas a pruebas de tracción para medir la fuerza de adhesión. Grupo B: conformado por 79 órganos dentales que fueron tratados con Fosfosilicato de calcio y sodio estos a la vez fueron subdivididos en dos grupos las 40 piezas fueron evaluadas la Dureza Vickers de baja fuerza de la dentina y las 39 piezas restantes fueron sometidas a pruebas de tracción para medir la fuerza de adhesión. Grupo control: conformado por 20 órganos dentales restaurados convencionalmente, 10 de ellos fueron medidos la Dureza Vickers de baja fuerza de la dentina y los otros 10 órganos dentales para medir la Fuerza de adhesión. Todas estas muestras fueron conservadas en Cloramina T al 0.5% para mantener la humedad de los órganos dentales.
Binomial Transforms of the Third-Order Jacobsthal and Modified Third-Order Jacobsthal Polynomials
Authors: Morales Gamaliel
Published: September 2024

In this study, we define the binomial transforms of third-order Jacobsthal and modified third-order Jacobsthal polynomials. Further, the generating functions, Binet formulas and summation of these binomial transforms are found by recurrence relations. Also, we establish the relations between these transforms by deriving new formulas. Finally, the Vajda, d'Ocagne, Catalan and Cassini formulas for these transforms are obtained.
Towards Sustainable Solutions to South Africa’s Energy Crisis: Lessons from South Korea for the Gas-to-Power Programme
Authors: Mkhize Nkosingiphile , Nel-Sanders Danielle
Published: September 2024

This article discusses the Gas-to-Power programme in Korea as a case study for South Africa's attempts to develop Gas-to-Power alternative energy technology. A programme that the government believes could address the nation's present energy crisis. South Africa's government has made the development of clean and alternative energy sources a high priority in order to overcome the current energy crisis. This is due to the tremendous increase in global energy use, especially in emerging nations. This essay utilises a qualitative research methodology and secondary data as a result. The report stated that South Africa must take the following steps to bolster its efforts: implementing executable rules and regulations and developing a clear and legitimate demand for the LNG2P energy technology.
Modelling the Relationship between Air Pollution and Economic Growth in Somalia
Authors: Mohamud Mohamud Hussein , Hassan Ali Yusuf
Published: September 2024

Throughout human history, there has been a clear connection between pollution and the economy. However, the relationship between environmental harm and economic progress is complex, and disagreements between various academic disciplines have made it difficult to understand this phenomenon fully. A unit root test was conducted to gain more insight, which proposed the possibility of further empirical analysis. The Johansen cointegration method was also used to show a long-term connection between air pollution and economic growth. At the same time, the vector autoregressive model (VAR) indicated a short-term connection between the two. A Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) was then employed to estimate the relationship, and the findings confirmed the existence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC). The EKC demonstrates that economic growth has positive and negative effects on air pollution. The Granger causality test conducted in Somalia showed a causal link between economic growth and air pollution. The EKC model further supported this finding by demonstrating that economic growth has a statistically significant positive impact on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This implies that Somalia has seen increased GHG emissions, leading to environmental degradation. Therefore, the Somali government must prioritise the implementation of a sustainable energy policy to improve air quality and prevent further environmental deterioration.
Energy Efficiency in Developing Countries: A Systematic Review of Current Findings and Directions towards a Net Zero Economy
Authors: Mohamed Erna Farina , Abdullah Azlina , Jaaffar Amar Hisham
Published: September 2024

In an era marked by growing concerns about climate change and sustainable development, the interconnection between energy efficiency, economic growth, and environmental sustainability has emerged as a critical area of inquiry. This systematic literature review (SLR) examines a number of studies published between 2013 and 2023, concentrating on the multifaceted impact of energy efficiency on both economic growth and the environment. The primary objective of this review is to synthesize the existing literature to provide insights into the complex connections between energy efficiency and its impact both on the economy and the environment. In addition, this study investigates potential trade-offs and decoupling, particularly within the framework of developing nations. The PRISMA method was used in conducting the study which covered only journal articles published in Scopus and the Web of Science (WOS). As a result, 75 articles were reviewed - 23 articles for the growth impact, 37 articles for the environmental impact, and the remaining 15 articles, for both impacts and decoupling results. By critically analyzing research from the past decade, this review provides valuable insights for policymakers, researchers and practitioners working towards a sustainable and low-carbon economy.
Carbon Emissions and Growth: The Role of Trade and Urbanization in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Dlamini Zwakele , Nzimande Ntokozo , Biyase Mduduzi , Khobai Hlalefang , Manguzvane Mathias , Gumede Sanele
Published: September 2024

In this study, we employed a system generalised method of moments (GMM) to investigate the effect of trade, urbanization, and income on the environmental quality in a panel of 48 Sub-Saharan African countries, covering the period 1990-2018. Our findings demonstrated that urbanization does not have significant explanatory power over carbon emissions, whereas, trade positively and significantly drives emissions. Our findings further exhibit an inverted U-shape relationship between income and carbon dioxide emissions. This substantiates the existence of an Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) in Sub-Saharan Africa. It is therefore concluded that policymakers can focus on growth-promoting policies and should not adopt stringent conservative policies, which may hurt growth and delay the process of reaching a turning point in the Kuznets curve.
Understanding the Influence of Wind and Solar PV on Socioeconomic and Environmental Trends: A Non-causality Perspective
Authors: Silva Palloma , Amaral Roberta , Fortes Patricia , Soares Isabel
Published: September 2024

This paper investigates the non-causality perspective of economic growth, investment, social well-being, employment, GHG emissions on renewable energy sources (RES) (wind and solar PV), providing a comprehensive overview of renewable technologies that effect on socio-economic and environmental drivers. The analysis and enhancing linear regression techniques, addressing cross-country RES installed capacity heterogeneity, and applying time-lags techniques to better understand the temporal effect of RES´s investment. The study tested: I. economic growth in a country is related to the development of RESs, employment, investment. II. Increased RESs share positively impacts social well-being. III. RESs implementation reduces GHG emissions. Our findings suggest that RES positively influenced economic growth over time for countries with higher installed capacity. However, this statistically significant is not observed across countries with lower installed capacity nor across all indicators, like social well-being, employment, investment, which show modest growth trend over time. GHG emissions also showed an inverse trend, suggesting the needs the renewable electricity´s expansion accompanied by additional mitigation measures to reduce emissions. One limitation is the temporal restriction, which limits the assessment of long-run trends. Future research should focus on gathering a larger dataset for long-run trends analysis.
Methodology for Generating a Reference Wind Year for Offshore Wind Energy: A Case Study in La Guajira, Colombia
Authors: Ospino-Castro Adalberto , Navas Sharys Romero , Robles-Algarín Carlos
Published: September 2024

Due to its excellent potential, wind power has gained importance as a renewable energy source in Colombia, especially in the offshore Caribbean region. However, one of the main challenges in the development of offshore wind projects is the analysis of the wind resource. This study presents the generation of a specific typical meteorological year (TMY) for wind energy in the Colombian Caribbean region, known in the literature as Reference Wind Year (RWY). The methodology used was based on the Sandia method, widely accepted in the analysis of wind resources. A comparison between the cumulative distribution function (CDF) and the statistic approach Finkelstein-Schafer (FS) was applied to evaluate multiple meteorological parameters in the study area associated with wind resource potential assessment, such as wind speed and direction, temperature and atmospheric pressure, compiled for 10 years (2012-2021). The representative years were weighted according to their importance and combined into a dataset. The results indicated that the proposed method was able to generate highly representative and accurate data for the case study in La Guajira, Colombia, guaranteeing its suitability for implementation in other locations with different climatic conditions.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Green Financing and Renewable Energy Research for 2000-2023
Authors: Uwuigbe Uwalomwa , Eluyela Damilola Felix , Martins Bankole Olajide , Uwuigbe Olubukola Ranti , Musa Saidu
Published: September 2024

This bibliometric analysis examines the research on green financing and renewable energy from 2000 to 2023. ​The study analyses the publication trends, most productive countries and institutions, frequently occurring concepts, and active and cited authors in this field. The findings reveal a significant increase in publications on green financing and renewable energy in recent years which highlights the increasing interest and investment in these fields, with China being the most productive country. The analysis of keywords highlights the focus on renewable energy, sustainability, and climate change. ​ The study also identifies the most active and cited authors, as well as the top journals in this research area. Overall, the analysis underscores the growing interest and importance of green financing and renewable energy in addressing climate change and promoting sustainable development. ​The analysis presents future opportunities for research in the areas of green financing and renewable energy, as well as the development of sustainable finance and renewable energy solutions.
Energy Storage Integration for Renewable Energy Supply in Malaysia: A Review
Authors: Shafie Shafini M. , Nu’man A. H.
Published: September 2024

Malaysia intends to increase the share of renewable energy (RE) in its installed power capacity from the current 23%, or 8.5 GW, to 40%, or 18.0 GW, by 2035. Renewable energy sources, specifically solar and biogas, are unpredictable and subject to sudden changes due to weather conditions and feedstock availability. Furthermore, their integration with the current conventional plants is complicated. In relation to this, deploying energy storage has become the main agenda under the Renewable Energy Roadmap to achieve 40% installed capacity by 2035. When selecting the most adequate energy storage system, the technological, environmental and economic aspects need to be considered. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to review the current state of energy storage and the renewable energy situation in Malaysia. The significance of this paper is that it encourages RE consumption in Malaysia in parallel with the government’s target due to the deployment of energy storage in the energy supply system. It can serve as a guideline for policymakers in their penetration of the renewable energy sector.
Nexus between Returns on Equity and Disclosures of Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Waste Management, and Renewable Energy
Authors: Emmanuel Lydia Yinka , Owolabi Oluwasikemi Janet , Owolabi Babatunde Ayodeji , Kwarbai Jerry D. , Akinbode James Olalekan , Olasupo Sunday Festus , Kolawole Isiaka Olayinka , Otekunrin Adegbola Olubukola
Published: September 2024

Environmental sustainability is now being continuously researched in almost all areas of humankind. This study investigated the impact of environmental sustainability disclosures (proxy by renewable energy disclosures, Greenhouse Gas Emissions disclosures, and waste management disclosures) on the returns on equity of sampled Quoted Nigerian Financial Institutions. Purposely, Fourteen Quoted Nigerian Financial Institutions on the Nigerian Exchange Group were taken as the sample size for this study. The study spanned a period of 9 years from 2013 to 2021. The analysis was carried out using panel data and employing multiple regression models to assess the relationships between the variables using secondary data collated from the annual reports of Quoted Nigerian Financial Institutions. The findings of the study reveal that the impact of renewable energy disclosures (with coefficient estimate = -0.19295, t-value = -1.41 and p-value = 0.16), Greenhouse Gas Emissions disclosures (with coefficient estimate = -0.16105 & the t-value = -1.18 p-value = 0.239, and waste management disclosures (with coefficient estimate = 0.124013, the t-value of 1 and p-value = 0.317) on returns on equity is not significant. This study concluded that the relationship between return on equity and environmental sustainability variables disclosures (proxy by Renewable Energy Disclosure and Greenhouse Gas Emissions) is unrelated.