bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Airborne Microorganisms to Health Disorders in Building Administration Building UMI Tower
Authors: Putra Isharyadi , Ikhtiar Muhammad , Emelda Andi
Published: January 2019

Administration Room of Menara Universitas Muslim Indonesia Building is a closed room and uses air regulation system with Air Conditioner (AC) to reduce the heat of air inside the work space. The condition of the building and work space with closed ventilation, furniture and various building materials, as well as office activity in the room is quite dense and the presence of indoor office equipment can lead to microbiological contaminants in the air in space. The purpose of this study was to analyze the quality of airborne microorganisms in the advertising space of Menara University Muslim Indonesia Building. In this case the number of bacteria and fungi in the air against health problems in the administrative space of Menara University Muslim Indonesia Building. The design of this study was cross-sectional with sample determination using total sampling technique. The sample of objects in this study amounted to six rooms, while the subject sample in this study were as many as 37 respondents. Data analysis in this study using chi square statistical test. The results of this study indicate that there is a relationship between room temperature with total number of airborne microorganisms to health problems, with p-value 0.001 (0.001 <0.05). There is relationship between room humidity with the total number of airborne microorganisms to health disorder with p-value value 0.001 (0.001 <0.05), there is no correlation between room lighting with total number of air microorganisms to health disorder with p-value 0.156 (0.156> 0.05) , there is relation between total number of air microorganism to health disorder with p-value value 0.001 (0.001 <0.05). This study suggests the need for increased understanding of health disorders caused by microorganisms in the air on the management and employees.
Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Increases Hemoglobin Levels in Young Women
Authors: Thamrin Halida , Budu Budu , Nontji Werna , Sharief Suchi Avnalurini
Published: January 2019

Young women have a high risk of anemia, this is due to iron loss during menstruation. Female teenagers have an increased risk of anemia compared to young men because young women experience menstruation every month and the desire to reduce food so that the body lacks important nutrients such as iron. This study aims to determine the effect of dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) on increasing hemoglobin levels in young women. This study used an experimental design with pretest-posttes with control group design. The sample in this research is student Prodi DIII Kebidanan. The total sample of 32 female students was divided into 2 groups, 16 female students were given dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) as intervention group and 16 female students who were given nutrition education as control group. Measurements of hemoglobin levels were performed before and after treatment for 8 weeks, periodic measurements were performed every 2 weeks. Data analysis using Paired t-test. The results showed no effect but no significant difference of dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) to increase hemoglobin level in female adolescent (P> 0,05).
Analysis of Chemical Materials of Sodium Diclofenac Drugs In Legal Private Food Which is Different in Makassar
Authors: Tahir Masdiana , Maryam St , Wahdania Andi
Published: January 2019

Sore herbal medicine is one of the traditional medicine products that many people interested in due to it can eliminate the muscle pain and arthritis, accelerate blood circulation, strengthen body endurance and eliminate pain through out the body. One of the medicinal chemicals which is commonly added in thesore herbal medicine is diclofenac sodium. This study aimed to analyze the chemical content of diclofenac sodium drug in the sore herbal medicine dosage fom. There were 7 herbal medicine this research is 7 kinds of brand circulating in Makassar city with the criteria most demand by the society. Qualitative analysis of the diclofenac sodium drug was conducted by thin layer chromatography (TLC), used silica gel stationary phase and the mobile phase of ethyl acetate : gacial acetic acid : toluene (60:40:1). The result showed that A, C and G positive sample contain dicklofena sodium with Rf value equal to diclofenac sodium standard, Rf = 0,69. The quantitative analysis by UV-Vis spectrophotometry at the wavelength 280 nm with variation of concentration 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16 ppm was obtained diclofenac sodium content for sample A with 154 mg/g, for C 28,302 mg/g and sample G 6,908 mg.g.

 

Keyword: Diclofenac Sodium, Rheumatic Paint, Spectrophotometry UV-Vis
Total Flavonoid Levels of Ethanol Extract of Lemongrass Leaves and Thatch Grass Leaves Using UV-VIS Spectrophotometry
Authors: Nuryadin Yudhi , Naid Tadjuddin , Dahlia Andi Amaliah , Dali Seniwati
Published: January 2019

Lemongrass Leaves (Cymbopogoncitratus DC.) and Thatch Grass Leaves (Imperata cylindrical (L.)Raeusch) are medicinal plants belong to similary family. Their activity as natural antioxidant sources because it’s contains the flavonoids compound. This study aimed to determine the total flavonoid content on the ethanol extract of lemongrass leaves and the thatch grass leaves using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The extraction wasdone by maceration methodusing ethanol. The first sample is 3,95% lemongrass leaves, and the second one is 2,98% thatch grass leaves. The qualitative analysis by TLC method with the eluent ratio n-Hexane:ethyl acetate (6:4) showed that both samples positively contain flavonoids. The quantitative analysis by spectrophotometry at the maximum wavelength 431 nm showed that total flavonoid content in the first sample is 2,8666 % and the second sample is 3,4866 %.
Self Efficacy Correlations to Use Contraceptive Equipment on Couples of Childbearing Age, Kelurahan Tallo, City of Makassar
Authors: Hamzah Wardiah , Sulaiman Ulfa , Batara Andi Surahman , Syam Nasruddin
Published: January 2019

BKKBN  Provinces of South Sulawesi suggested that users of Keluarga Berencana (KB) reached 69.31% in 2015 or by 121,892 couples. The percentage of contraceptive usage of 66.7% is still low compared to the target of Makassar City Health Office of 100% in 2015 (Dinkes, 2017) .The use of contraceptives is still low caused by several things, one of them factors from within the couple's age fertile. The desire to be a family planning acceptor is driven by self-efficacy of self-ability to drive motivation. This study aims to analyze the correlation of Self Eficacy against the use of contraception in couples of childbearing age.

The research design used was analytic design using Cross Sectional approach done in RW IV, Tallo Village, Makassar City. The population is a Couples Of Childbearing Age as many as 190 people. Data taken by way of interview To answer the purpose of research and hypothesis, data analysis is done by using correlation test.

The result of the research found that there is influence of Mastery Experience (pvalue = 0,000), Vicarious Experience (pvalue = 0,004), Verbal Persuasion (pvalue = 0,006), Physiological and Emotional State (pvalue = 0,000) and Self Eficacy (pvalue = 0,000). health in providing counseling following a successful sample of people, and trying to gain the full confidence of the community.
The Study Of Exploration Of Religiosity And Implementation Of Muslim Spiritual Nursing Care (AKSM) For Ners Professional Students Of PSIK FKM UMI Makassar In 2018
Authors: Samsualam Samsualam , Hidayat Rahmat , Aswan Karyanti Lestari
Published: January 2019

Religiosity can describe a person's behavior at work, especially working as a health worker to help the healing process both physically, psychologically and spiritually. The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of religious religiosity of professional students and to analyze the implementation of Muslim spiritual nursing care for ners profession students in PSIK FKM Universitas Muslim Indonesia. This research method used quantitative and qualitative methods (Mix Method). Based on the results of the descriptive bivariate analysis of religiosity and the implementation of Muslim nursing care in 2018, it was shown that out of 0 (100%) respondents at a high level of religiosity overall did not implement complete Muslim spiritual nursing care, 24 people (100%) and 6 (100 %) respondents with a low level of religions overall did not carry out complete implementation of Muslim spiritual nursing care, namely 6 (100%) respondents. This shows that descriptively students who have high religiosity and low religiosity do not implement Muslim spiritual nursing care (AKSM).
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN WRITING NARRATIVE TEXT BY USING PICTURE SERIES FOR THE EIGHT GRADE STUDENTS OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Andayani Tuti , - Arono
Published: January 2019

In this collaborative Classroom Action Research (CAR), the researcher tried to overcome the problem of writing narrative text facing by the eighth-grade students in Junior High School, especially in getting and composing the ideas. The question of this research was ‘Can Picture Series improve the students’ ability in writing the narrative text?’ This class action research was divided into two cycles. Every cycle was divided into four stages, including (1) planning, (2) implementing, (3) observing, and (4) reflecting and it was focussed on the students’  ability in  writing  narrative  text by  getting idea from a picture and developing the idea with the guidance from a series of pictures. The samples were 20 students of SMP Negeri 03 Sindang Kelingi, Curup, and Rejang Lebong. The data which were got from the students’ achievement in the cycle I and cycle II were analyzed by using quantitative analysis data technique. From the analysis, the writer founded that in the cycle I, students gain the average score 61,35 and in the cycle II the average score was 84,50.It is suggested for the Junior High School English teachers to apply this technique increase their students’ ability in writing the narrative
THE EFFECT OF SUBTITLED ANIMATED CARTOON VIDEOS ON STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION (A Quasi Experimental Study at The Sixth Grade Students of SDIT Al- Hasanah Kota Bengkulu)
Authors: Pelani Gustian
Published: January 2019

Thisstudyaims toinvestigatewhetheror nottheuseofsubtitledanimated cartoonvideosaffectstudents’ reading comprehension and to findoutinwhat performanceof reading comprehension aspectstheexperimentaland controlclassdiffer. ThepopulationincludedallthesixthgradestudentsofSDITAlHasanahKotaBengkulu in  academic  year  2015/2016,  which  consisted  of  77  students.  The  sampleswere  52 studentsthatwere taken fromtwo classes.Theexperimentalclass receiveda treatmentby usinganimatedcartoonvideoswithbimodalsubtitles, while thecontrolclasswas taught byusinganimatedcartoonvideoswithoutsubtitles.A pre-testwasgiven tobothclasses beforetreatment.Thedata wereanalyzedbyusingSPSS16for t-testformula.Theresults show that, firstly, therewasa statistically significantdifferencebetween thegroups in readingcomprehension scores.Therefore, itwasconcluded thattheuse ofsubtitled animated cartoon videoscould improvestudents’ reading comprehension. Secondly, for reading  comprehension  aspects,  the  experimental  class  and  the  control  class  were different inthe literalperformanceaspect.However,intheinferenceperformance,it showed  no  significant  difference.  Based  on  the  results,  it  wasrecommended  to  use subtitled animatedcartoonvideosastheteaching aidinteachingreadingcomprehension
STUDENTS’ DIFFICULTIES IN MAKING INFERENCE IN READING NARRATIVE PASSAGES AT THE SOCIAL ELEVENT GRADE OF SMAN 1 CURUP
Authors: Warnidah Nining , Suwarno Bambang , . Arono
Published: January 2019

This study aimed to find out the students’ difficulties in making inference in reading narrative passages in making inference in reading narrative passages. The population of this study included the eleventh graders of SMAN 1 Curup, and the students of XI SOS 4, which consisted of 34 students, became the research sample. For the instrument, the researcher used reading test which consisted of 40 questions and questionnaire which consisted of 30 items. The result showed that the students’ overall difficulty in making inference in reading narrative passages belonged to “moderate” category. It was proved by the students’ reading error mean score which was 47.5. The students’ highest difficulty was on inferences about the author’s attitude (5.88%, or “very high”).
TEACHER’S QUESTIONS IN ENGLISH CLASSROOMS AT SENIOR HIGH SCHOOLS
Authors: Andriyadi Andriyadi , Sofyan Dedi
Published: January 2019

The aim of this research was to investigate teacher’s questions based on the levels and functions of questions in English classrooms at Senior High Schools. The study was a descriptive qualitative. The subjects of this research were six EnglishSenior High School teachers In Rejang Lebong Regency. For collecting the datatape recording, observation checklist and interview were employed. Result related toresearch questions showed that the teacher’s questions were categorized remembering, comprehending and applying and analyzing level. None of the teachers used questions in, evaluating and creating level of the Bloom’s Taxonomy.In the research only five function of questions were found namely: practicing skills,checking prior knowledge, recapping, and checking understanding. From thefinding it can be concluded that The questions asked by the teachers in classroomsare in lower order cognitive level and not all function of questions (from elevenfunction of questions) were applied by the teachers.
THE EFFECT OF USING “EDMODO AND QUIPPER SCHOOL” IN BLENDED LEARNING METHOD TOWARDS STUDENTS’ WRITING SKILL AT THE SECOND YEAR STUDENTS OF SMAN 1 BENGKULU TENGAH
Authors: Permatasari Dian
Published: January 2019

This research aims to compare whether there was an effect on students’ writing quality when students were taught with blended learning method, combined with Edmodo or Quipper School. This was a quasi-experimental research with 72 students at grade XI MIPA SMAN I Bengkulu Tengah, Indonesia as the samples. The experiment group was taught with Edmodo while the control group was taught with Quipper School. The instrument was a writing test. The findings of this research, with respect to the comparison of post test mean scores between the experimental group and the control group, were as follows. There was a significant difference on students’ general writing ability. There were significant differences on students’ writing ability in the aspects of content and language use. However, there was no significant difference.The students’ responses were positive toward the use of Edmodo as a blended learning. Further studies are recommended for other school levels. It seems that Edmodo is more effective than Quipper School in writing lesson since the learning platform in Edmodo gives facilities for the students to work independently, enables them to improve their quality and has more practical, interactive, and interesting features.
Language Features Used to Describe Major Character in Short Stories
Authors: Puspita Eka , Azwandi Azwandi , Diani Irma
Published: January 2019

Language Features are the important aspect in a text. This is part of the student’s knowledge. If the students familiar with the language features, they can understand the major characters in the texts easily. The purpose of this study is to analyze the language features that used to describe major characters in short stories. This research was a descriptive qualitative research. The research objects were taken at six Indonesian short stories and six English short stories. The research procedure classifies all objects based on language features of research instruments.The results of this study are there are  two characters of major character in the short stories, protagonist and antagonist. In Indonesian short stories there are two short stories that have antagonist characters and four short stories have protagonist characters. And all of the short stories only have one major character. But in English short stories, four of the short stories have two major characters and two short stories only have one major character.Keywords: Language Features, Short Stories, Characters, Major Characters
EVALUATION OF ENGLISH TEACHING MATERIALS USED AT SD IT UMMI IN KOTA BENGKULU BASED ON KTSP (KURIKULUM TINGKAT SATUAN PENDIDIKAN)
Authors: Lestari Meri , Syahrial Syahrial , Arono Arono
Published: January 2019

The objectives of this study were: (1) To find out whether textbook used by second grade students at SD IT UMMI Kota Bengkulu fulfill the criteria of a good textbook. (2) To find out whether the English textbook used by second grade students at SD IT UMMI Kota Bengkulu relevant to KTSP curriculum. This research used descriptive qualitative content analysis as its research method. The data were collected from the English student book “Let’s Make Friends with English” for second grade students. The results showed that English textbook entitled “Let’s make friends with English” used by second grade students at SD IT UMMI Kota Bengkulu have fulfilled the criteria of a good textbook by achieving the Fair fulfillment. The textbook was categorized relevance to the KTSP curriculum, but the activities in the listening can be said irrelevant because they cannot cover the learning objectives in listening. It was then recommended that the teachers need to modify the tasks and activities on the textbook which did not fulfill the criteria of good textbook, especially in the area of accompanying materials (CD, Cassettes and pictures), language skill, and teach ability aspects.
THEMATIC PROGRESSION IN JAKARTA POST AND ‘KOMPAS’ NEWSPAPER EDITORIALS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON TEXT COHERENCE STRATEGY
Authors: Triyana Neni , Arsyad Safnil , Arono Arono
Published: January 2019

This research objective are analyze the common pattern in Jakarta Post and ‘Kompas’ newspaper editorials. The research method used was a mixed method. The research instrument is checklist. The procedure classifies all objects (10 texts Jakarta Post newspaper editorials and 10 texts ‘Kompas’ newspaper editorials) on the thematic progression patterns are checklist. The result showsthat the thematic progression in Jakarta Post and ‘Kompas’ newspaper editorials are found 3 patterns of thematic progression; 10 texts derived theme; 8 texts Constant progression, and 2 text linear progression. The different on thematic progression in Jakarta post and “Kompas’ newspaper editorials is  difference,the difference of sequence in the patterns between Jakarta Post and ‘Kompas’ newspaper editorials. The Conclussion Thematic Progression in Jakarta Postand ‘Kompas’ newspaper editorials are derived theme and Constant progression.
The Impact of Heritage Index on Turkish Foreign Direct Investment
Authors: ÖZEL Bilal
Published: January 2019

Foreign trade is a very important variable for national economies. The investment could be inward or outward. World trade has forced the entire world to act as a single economy with effects of globalization. Especially the increase in the transferability of capital, service and technology played an important role in the smooth movement of capital. Developing countries also need large amounts of technology, intermediate goods and investment goods to strengthen their economies. At the same time, its positive contribution to the labor market and its positive impact on economic growth have made these investments one of the most important economic actors. This study using Heritage Index data (which calculated for 178 countries around the world each year) for the Turkish Economy to the discuss development of foreign trade and investment. The data used in the study are not suffi cient for the empirical application. Therefore, descriptive statistical method was preferred in this study. In the study, the index values between 2002 and 2016 were used. As a result of the study, the relationship determined only two variables of the index.
Türkiye’de Eğitsel Oyunlarla İlgili Yapılmış Çalışmaların Analizi
Authors: COP Muhammed Resul , KABLAN Zeynel
Published: January 2019

Bu çalışmayla Türkiye’de eğitsel oyunlarla ilgili yapılan betimsel ve
deneysel çalışmaların bir arada incelenip genellenmiş birtakım sonuçlara
ulaşılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, araştırma kapsamında
Türkiye’de eğitsel oyunlara yönelik ulaşılabilen betimsel ve deneysel
makalelere, bilimsel kongrelerde sunulan ve yayımlanan bildirilere ve YÖK
Ulusal Tez Merkezinden PDF uzantılı olarak erişilebilen yüksek lisans ve
doktora tezleri incelenmiştir. İnceleme sonucunda Türkiye’de eğitsel oyunlarla
ilgili yapılan toplam 96 adet çalışmaya ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında
ulaşılan her bir çalışma içerik analizi yönergesinde yer alan boyutlara göre
analiz edilmiştir. İçerik analizi yönergesinde yer alan boyutlar her bir
araştırmanın; yayın türüne göre dağılımı, araştırma yöntemine göre dağılımı,
örneklemine göre dağılımı, konu alanına göre dağılımı, oyun türüne göre
dağılımı, veri toplama aracına göre dağılımı, araştırma değişkenlerine göre
dağılımı ve genellenmiş bulgularına göre dağılımı olarak ele alınmıştır. Her
bir çalışma belirlenen kriterlere dayalı olarak kodlandıktan sonra,
kategorilerin kaç kez tekrarlandığı frekans (f) ve yüzde (%) olarak
hesaplanarak, çalışmanın her bir boyutu için elde edilen veriler
tablolaştırılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen genellenmiş sonuçlara göre
çalışmaların büyük bir kısmının makale ve yüksek lisans tez çalışması
kapsamında yapıldığı, daha çok deneysel yöntem ile yürütüldüğü, çalışmalarda
kullanılan örneklemi büyük ölçüde öğrencilerin oluşturduğu, çalışmaların önemli
bir kısmında eğitsel bilgisayar oyunları türünün daha çok kullanıldığı,
özellikle bilişim teknolojileri, matematik ve fen bilimleri konu alanlarında
daha fazla araştırma yapıldığı, çalışmaların önemli kısmının test, ölçek, anket
ve görüşme veri toplama araçlarıyla yürütüldüğü ve çalışmaların büyük bir
kısmının eğitsel oyunların akademik başarı, kalıcılık, erişi düzeyi, öğrenme
düzeyi ve öğrenci tutumu üzerindeki etkisini belirlemeye yönelik olduğu ve bu
çalışmalarda anlamlı farklılıklar bulunduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. İncelenen
çalışmalardan elde edilen genellenmiş bulguları dikkate alınarak, önümüzdeki
dönemlerde yapılacak çalışmalar için öneriler sunulmuştur.
The Effect of Two Different Types of Corrective Feedback on EFL Students’ Writing
Authors: ERÇİN Nalan
Published: January 2019

The present study aims to compare the effectiveness of
two different types of corrective feedback: implicit and explicit through
learners’ process writing. Process writing is a method which includes drafts to
observe students’ improvement with the help of the following drafts. In this
study, the sequence of drafts is like that: D1, D2 and D3.  The research is conducted with 30 Turkish
elementary level students from the preparatory school at Kocaeli University.
The writing subjects are chosen in harmony with the subjects in the coursebook   This treatment lasts 4 hours in school and
continues for students after school for 6 weeks. Students were expected to
submit their second draft via email. The students are evenly divided into two
groups. While the students in control group receive the correction on their
draft 1 and 2 explicitly such as direct correction; the students in the
treatment group are expected to infer their errors on their own from the
symbols in the correction symbols chart given them beforehand. The data
obtained from the second drafts given for the correction to the students after
applying various corrective feedback to the students' initial drafts show that
the error rate decreases in the second drafts in both groups. A similar
treatment standing as Draft 3 is conducted both with the control and
experimental groups after a week later. The data obtained show that there is a
decrease in the error free clauses rate in the third draft when compared to the
students’ second draft. Out of two different types of corrective feedback, the
implicit feedback is slightly more effective.
Effect of Irrigation Water Regimes on Yield of Tetragonia Tetragonioides
Authors: Bekmirzaev Gulom , Beltrao Jose , Ouddane Baghdad
Published: January 2019

The main purpose of this experiment was to study the effect of several irrigation water regimes on Tetragonia tetragonioides (Pall) O. Kuntze in semi-arid regions. During the experiment period, it was measured that several irrigation regimes were affected in terms of growth, biomass production, total yield, mineral composition, and photosynthetic pigments. The experiment was conducted in the greenhouse at the University of Algarve (Portugal). The study lasted from February to April in 2010. Three irrigation treatments were based on replenishing the 0.25-m-deep pots to field capacity when the soil water level was dropped to 70% (T1, wet treatment), 50% (T2, medium treatment), and 30% (T3, dry treatment) of the available water capacity. The obtained results showed that the leaf mineral compositions of chloride and sodium, the main responsible ions for soil salinization and alkalization in arid and semi-arid regions, enhanced with the decrease in soil water content. However, the minimum amounts of chlorophyll, carotenoids, and soluble carbohydrates in the leaf content were obtained in the medium and driest treatments. On the other hand, growth differences among the several irrigation regimes were very low, and the crop yield increased in the dry treatment compared to the medium treatment; thus, the high capacity of salt-removing species suggested an advantage of its cultivation under dry conditions.
Optimization of a Centrifugal Compressor Using the Design of Experiment Technique
Authors: Mojaddam Mohammad , Pullen Keith
Published: January 2019

Centrifugal compressor performance is affected by many parameters, optimization of which can lead to superior designs. Recognizing the most important parameters affecting performance helps to reduce the optimization process cost. Of the compressor components, the impeller plays the most important role in compressor performance, hence the design parameters affecting this component were considered. A turbocharger centrifugal compressor with vaneless diffuser was studied and the parameters investigated included meridional geometry, rotor blade angle distribution and start location of the main blades and splitters. The diffuser shape was captured as part of the meridional geometry. Applying a novel approach to the problem, full factorial analysis was used to investigate the most effective parameters. The Response Surface Method was then implemented to construct the surrogate models and to recognize the best points over a design space created as based on the Box-Behnken methodology. The results highlighted the factors that affected impeller performance the most. Using the Design of Experiment technique, the model which optimized both efficiency and pressure ratio simultaneously delivered a design with 3% and 11% improvement in each respectively in comparison to the initial impeller at the design point. Importantly, this was not at the expense of sacrificing range, of critical concern in compressor design.
Tomás Saraceno’s Art Work “In Orbit” (2013) against the Backdrop of Space Architecture
Authors: Wattolik Eva
Published: January 2019

When discussing the correlation between technological progress and the development of modern architecture, case studies from the fine arts can be instructive. This article undertakes a close architectural analysis of Tomás Saraceno’s walkable art installation “In Orbit” (2013) by releasing previously unpublished technical specifications. A brief history of envisioned and constructed space architecture of the last hundred years—which can be divided into three phases—serves to locate the installation within the currents of predictive utopia, realized architecture and technological development. It becomes clear that Saraceno not only takes up pre-existing architectural techniques, but also develops them further.
Impact of p85α Alterations in Cancer
Authors: Marshall Jeremy D. S. , Whitecross Dielle E. , Mellor Paul , Anderson Deborah H.
Published: January 2019

The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway plays a central role in the regulation of cell signaling, proliferation, survival, migration and vesicle trafficking in normal cells and is frequently deregulated in many cancers. The p85α protein is the most characterized regulatory subunit of the class IA PI3Ks, best known for its regulation of the p110-PI3K catalytic subunit. In this review, we will discuss the impact of p85α mutations or alterations in expression levels on the proteins p85α is known to bind and regulate. We will focus on alterations within the N-terminal half of p85α that primarily regulate Rab5 and some members of the Rho-family of GTPases, as well as those that regulate PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10), the enzyme that directly counteracts PI3K signaling. We highlight recent data, mapping the interaction surfaces of the PTEN–p85α breakpoint cluster region homology (BH) domain, which sheds new light on key residues in both proteins. As a multifunctional protein that binds and regulates many different proteins, p85α mutations at different sites have different impacts in cancer and would necessarily require distinct treatment strategies to be effective.
The Brain Resting-State Functional Connectivity Underlying Violence Proneness: Is It a Reliable Marker for Neurocriminology? A Systematic Review
Authors: Romero-Martínez Ángel , González Macarena , Lila Marisol , Gracia Enrique , Martí-Bonmatí Luis , Alberich-Bayarri Ángel , Maldonado-Puig Rebeca , Ten-Esteve Amadeo , Moya-Albiol Luis
Published: January 2019

Introduction: There is growing scientific interest in understanding the biological mechanisms affecting and/or underlying violent behaviors in order to develop effective treatment and prevention programs. In recent years, neuroscientific research has tried to demonstrate whether the intrinsic activity within the brain at rest in the absence of any external stimulation (resting-state functional connectivity; RSFC) could be employed as a reliable marker for several cognitive abilities and personality traits that are important in behavior regulation, particularly, proneness to violence. Aims: This review aims to highlight the association between the RSFC among specific brain structures and the predisposition to experiencing anger and/or responding to stressful and distressing situations with anger in several populations. Methods: The scientific literature was reviewed following the PRISMA quality criteria for reviews, using the following digital databases: PubMed, PsycINFO, Psicodoc, and Dialnet. Results: The identification of 181 abstracts and retrieval of 34 full texts led to the inclusion of 17 papers. The results described in our study offer a better understanding of the brain networks that might explain the tendency to experience anger. The majority of the studies highlighted that diminished RSFC between the prefrontal cortex and the amygdala might make people prone to reactive violence, but that it is also necessary to contemplate additional cortical (i.e., insula, gyrus [angular, supramarginal, temporal, fusiform, superior, and middle frontal], anterior and posterior cingulated cortex) and subcortical brain structures (i.e., hippocampus, cerebellum, ventral striatum, and nucleus centralis superior) in order to explain a phenomenon as complex as violence. Moreover, we also described the neural pathways that might underlie proactive violence and feelings of revenge, highlighting the RSFC between the OFC, ventral striatal, angular gyrus, mid-occipital cortex, and cerebellum. Conclusions. The results from this synthesis and critical analysis of RSFC findings in several populations offer guidelines for future research and for developing a more accurate model of proneness to violence, in order to create effective treatment and prevention programs.
Effects of Building Microclimate on the Thermal Environment of Traditional Japanese Houses during Hot-Humid Summer
Authors: Hosham Ayaz Fazeel , Kubota Tetsu
Published: January 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of building microclimate on the indoor thermal environment of traditional Japanese houses, focusing especially on the shading effect of trees as well as the cooling effect of spraying water. Basically, the indoor thermal environment was found to follow the outdoor conditions due to the open-plan and lightweight wooden structure. Nevertheless, air temperatures of the living rooms in the two case study houses were lower than the corresponding outdoors by approximately 0.5 °C and 2 °C, respectively. It was found that the semi-outdoor spaces acted as thermal buffers for promoting cross-ventilation as well as pre-cooling to provide “warm but breezy” conditions to the surrounding indoor spaces. The results showed that the surface temperature of semi-outdoor spaces can be reduced by shading and water spraying, among which shading has prolonged effects and water spraying can reduce the surface temperature during peak hours and the following night.
Opposing Regulation of Cancer Properties via KRT19-Mediated Differential Modulation of Wnt/β-Catenin/Notch Signaling in Breast and Colon Cancers
Authors: Saha Subbroto Kumar , Yin Yingfu , Chae Hee Sung , Cho Ssang-Goo
Published: January 2019

Although Keratin 19 (KRT19) has been reported as a tumor cell marker and found to interact with other proteins that modulate cancer properties, its role in cancer prognosis remains to be fully elucidated. We found that KRT19 expression was increased in both colon and breast cancer, but that knockdown of KRT19 showed opposing effects on cancer properties. In colon cancer, KRT19 knockdown resulted in suppression of cancer via downregulation of Wnt/Notch signaling without altering NUMB transcription. In breast cancer, KRT19 knockdown led to an increase in cancer properties because of attenuated Wnt and enhanced Notch signaling. In colon cancer, KRT19 interacted with β-catenin but not with RAC1, allowing the LEF/TCF transcription factor to bind primarily to the LEF1 and TCF7 promoter regions, whereas in breast cancer, KRT19 interacted with the β-catenin/RAC1 complex and led to apparent upregulation of NUMB expression and NUMB-mediated suppression of Notch signaling. These results reveal a novel differential role of KRT19 in carcinogenesis, due to differential modulation of Wnt/β-catenin/Notch signaling crosstalk through various interactions of KRT19 with only β-catenin or with the β-catenin/RAC1 complex, which might have implications for clinical cancer research.
Lack of Endogenous Annexin A1 Increases Mast Cell Activation and Exacerbates Experimental Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Parisi Jéssica dos Santos , Corrêa Mab Pereira , Gil Cristiane Damas
Published: January 2019

Annexin A1 (AnxA1) is a protein with potent anti-inflammatory actions and an interesting target that has been poorly explored in skin inflammation. This work evaluated the lack of endogenous AnxA1 in the progression of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced atopic dermatitis (AD)-like skin lesions. OVA/Alum-immunized C57BL/6 male wild-type (WT) and AnxA1 null (AnxA1-/-) mice were challenged with drops containing OVA on days 11, 14–18 and 21–24. The AnxA1-/- AD group exhibited skin with intense erythema, erosion and dryness associated with increased skin thickness compared to the AD WT group. The lack of endogenous AnxA1 also increased IgE relative to WT animals, demonstrating exacerbation of the allergic response. Histological analysis revealed intense eosinophilia and mast-cell activation in AD animals, especially in AnxA1-/-. Both AD groups increased skin interleukin (IL)-13 levels, while IL-17A was upregulated in AnxA1-/- lymph nodes and mast cells. High levels of phosphorylated ERK were detected in keratinocytes from AD groups. However, phospho-ERK levels were higher in the AnxA1-/- when compared to the respective control groups. Our results suggest AnxA1 as an important therapeutic target for inflammatory skin diseases.
Dystrophin Deficiency Leads to Genomic Instability in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells via NO Synthase-Induced Oxidative Stress
Authors: Jelinkova Sarka , Fojtik Petr , Kohutova Aneta , Vilotic Aleksandra , Marková Lenka , Pesl Martin , Jurakova Tereza , Kruta Miriama , Vrbsky Jan , Gaillyova Renata , Valášková Iveta , Frák Ivan , Lacampagne Alain , Forte Giancarlo , Dvorak Petr , Meli Albano C. , Rotrekl Vladimir
Published: January 2019

Recent data on Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) show myocyte progenitor’s involvement in the disease pathology often leading to the DMD patient’s death. The molecular mechanism underlying stem cell impairment in DMD has not been described. We created dystrophin-deficient human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) lines by reprogramming cells from two DMD patients, and also by introducing dystrophin mutation into human embryonic stem cells via CRISPR/Cas9. While dystrophin is expressed in healthy hPSC, its deficiency in DMD hPSC lines induces the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through dysregulated activity of all three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (further abrev. as, NOS). NOS-induced ROS release leads to DNA damage and genomic instability in DMD hPSC. We were able to reduce both the ROS release as well as DNA damage to the level of wild-type hPSC by inhibiting NOS activity.
Long-Term Reliability Evaluation of Silica-Based Coating with Antireflection Effect for Photovoltaic Modules
Authors: Nishioka Kensuke , Moe So Pyay , Ota Yasuyuki
Published: January 2019

Not all sunlight irradiated on the surface of a photovoltaic (PV) module can reach the cells in the PV module. This loss reduces the conversion efficiency of the PV module. The main factors of this loss are the reflection and soiling on the surface of the PV module. With this, it is effective to have both antireflection and antisoiling effects on the surface of PV modules. In this study, the antireflection and antisoiling effects along with the long-term reliability of the silica-based layer easily coated on PV modules were assessed. A silica-based layer with a controlled thickness and refractive index was coated on the surface of a Cu(In,Ga)Se2 PV array. The array was exposed outdoors to assess its effects and reliability. As a result of the coating, the output of the PV array increased by 3.9%. The environment of the test site was relatively clean and the increase was considered to be a result of the antireflection effect. Moreover, it was observed that the effect of the coating was maintained without deterioration after 3.5 years. The coating was also applied to a silicon PV module and an effect similar to that of the CIGS PV module was observed in the silicon PV module.
Metabolic Fates of Evening Crop-Stored Sugar in Ruby-Throated Hummingbirds (Archilochus colubris)
Authors: Eberts Erich , Dick Morag , Welch Kenneth
Published: January 2019

During the day, hummingbirds quickly metabolize floral nectar to fuel high metabolic demands, but are unable to feed at night. Though stored fat is the primary nocturnal metabolic fuel, it has been suggested that hummingbirds store nectar in their crop to offset fat expenditure in the night or to directly fuel their first foraging trip in the morning. We examine the use of crop-stored sugar in the nocturnal energy budget of ruby-throated hummingbirds (Archilochus colubris) using respirometry and 13C stable isotope analysis. Hummingbirds were fed a 13C-enriched sugar solution before lights-out and held in respirometry chambers overnight without food. Respirometry results indicate that the hummingbirds metabolized the sugar in the evening meal in less than 2 h, and subsequently primarily catabolized fat. Breath stable isotope signatures provide the key insight that the hummingbirds converted a substantial portion of an evening meal to fats, which they later catabolized to support their overnight metabolism and spare endogenous energy stores. These results show that the value of a hummingbird’s evening meal depends on how much of this energy was converted to fat. Furthermore, this suggests that evening hyperphagia is an important energy maximization strategy, especially during energetically expensive periods such as migration or incubation.
Assessment of Dual Frequency GNSS Observations from a Xiaomi Mi 8 Android Smartphone and Positioning Performance Analysis
Authors: Robustelli Umberto , Baiocchi Valerio , Pugliano Giovanni
Published: January 2019

On May 2018 the world’s first dual-frequency Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) smartphone produced by Xiaomi equipped with a Broadcom BCM47755 chip was launched. It is able to receive L1/E1/ and L5/E5 signals from GPS, Galileo, Beidou, and GLONASS (GLObal NAvigation Satellite System) satellites. The main aim of this work is to achieve the phone’s position by using multi-constellation, dual frequency pseudorange and carrier phase raw data collected from the smartphone. Furthermore, the availability of dual frequency raw data allows to assess the multipath performance of the device. The smartphone’s performance is compared with that of a geodetic receiver. The experiments were conducted in two different scenarios to test the smartphone under different multipath conditions. Smartphone measurements showed a lower C/N0 and higher multipath compared with those of the geodetic receiver. This produced negative effects on single-point positioning as showed by high root mean square error (RMS). The best positioning accuracy for single point was obtained with the E5 measurements with a DRMS (horizontal root mean square error) of 4.57 m. For E1/L1 frequency, the 2DRMS was 5.36 m. However, the Xiaomi Mi 8, thanks to the absence of the duty cycle, provided carrier phase measurements used for a static single frequency relative positioning with an achieved 2DRMS of 1.02 and 1.95 m in low and high multipath sites, respectively.
Novel Dead-Time Compensation Strategy for Wide Current Range in a Three-Phase Inverter
Authors: Lim Jeong-Woo , Bu Hanyoung , Cho Younghoon
Published: January 2019

This paper proposes a novel three-phase voltage source inverter dead-time compensation strategy for accurate compensation in wide current regions of the inverter. In particular, an analysis of the output voltage distortion of the inverter, which appears as parasitic components of the switches, was conducted for proper voltage compensation in the low current region, and an on-line compensation voltage controller was proposed. Additionally, a new trapezoidal compensation voltage implementation method using the current phase was proposed to simplify realizing the trapezoidal shape of the three-phase compensation voltages. Finally, when the proposed dead-time compensation strategy was applied, the maximum phase voltage magnitude in the linear modulation voltage regions was defined to achieve smooth operation even at high modulation index. Simulations and experiments were conducted to verify the performance of the proposed dead-time compensation scheme.
The Effect of Trailing Edge Clearance in Suppressing Hub-Corner Stall
Authors: Zhao Wenfeng , Zheng Qun , Malik Adil , Jiang Bin
Published: January 2019

Hub corner is a high-loss area located within in the blade passages of turbomachinery. It is well known that flow separation and vortex development in this area directly affects, not only energy loss and efficiency, but also the stability of axial compressors. In this paper, a high diffusion factor cascade is used in order to analyze the vortex structure which causes the hub-corner stall in cascade. The trailing edge clearance method is proposed for controlling the hub-boundary layer and this is compared with full uniform clearance. Our research highlights that the trailing edge clearance suppress the radial development of the suction separation vortex (SSV) in the hub corner and restrains the concentrated separation vortex (CSV). The influence of trailing edge clearance parameters and its effect on control of hub-corner stall is discussed in detail. It is revealed that clearance height avoids flow separation and suppresses radial vortex development, while the clearance length resists the overturning that is caused by transverse pressure gradient and controls the development of CSV. As the radial vortex plays a dominant role in hub-corner stall, clearance height has a better effect in controlling hub-corner stall in comparison to length at the constant flow area.
Spatial Accessibility to Healthcare Services in Metropolitan Suburbs: The Case of Qingpu, Shanghai
Authors: Gu Xiaokun , Zhang Lufa , Tao Siyuan , Xie Boming
Published: January 2019

Spatial accessibility is an important factor for planning healthcare services to maintain a quality life for the metropolitan area. The metropolitan suburb is a special area for its location and rapidly changing population during urbanization. Taking Qingpu district, a suburb of Shanghai as a case, this study evaluated the spatial accessibility to healthcare services of 203 villages and neighborhoods based on the Two-Step Floating Catchment Area (2SFCA) method by ArcGIS software. The result shows that the spatial accessibility in the whole district is quite uneven under lower thresholds, and the spatial differences are beyond the traditional zoning of East Qingpu, New City and West Qingpu. The worst accessibility was mainly distributed at the edges of Jinze, Liantang and Zhujiajiao, while the best accessibility was mainly distributed in the New City and the region close around it. The average value of the spatial accessibility in Qingpu is 2.84, with a reach equal under 90 min threshold by bus index of 2.85, or an under 60 min threshold by self-driving index of 2.70. Secondly, the difference shows a new pattern, that is the spatial accessibility could be affected by both the New City and the Central City. Thirdly, the transportation mode, urbanization, the density of road network and bus lines, as well as the number of doctors in each healthcare service would directly affect the spatial accessibility. Lastly, in order to improve the spatial accessibility in metropolitan suburbs, greater effort is needed in increasing the numbers of bus stations and doctors, especially the areas which are farthest from the New City or the Central City, such as Jinze, and Lian Tang town in Qingpu. We acknowledge that the public transportation is vital to the accessibility to healthcare services. We also emphasize that healthcare services should be planned based on the anticipated future trends of population agglomeration. Our results for Shanghai are applicable to other big cities that are experiencing similar rapid urbanization in China, or other developing countries in Southeast Asia, South Asia, South America and Africa.
Effect of β-Glucan and Black Tea in a Functional Bread on Short Chain Fatty Acid Production by the Gut Microbiota in a Gut Digestion/Fermentation Model
Authors: Mhd Jalil Abbe M. , Combet Emilie , Edwards Christine A. , Garcia Ada L.
Published: January 2019

β-Glucan and black tea are fermented by the colonic microbiota producing short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and phenolic acids (PA). We hypothesized that the addition of β-glucan, a dietary fiber, and tea polyphenols to a food matrix like bread will also affect starch digestion in the upper gut and thus further influence colonic fermentation and SCFA production. This study investigated SCFA and PA production from locally developed breads: white bread (WB), black tea bread (BT), β-glucan bread (βG), β-glucan plus black tea bread (βGBT). Each bread was incubated in an in vitro system mimicking human digestion and colonic fermentation. Digestion with α-amylase significantly (p = 0.0001) increased total polyphenol and polyphenolic metabolites from BT bread compared with WB, βG, and βGBT. Total polyphenols in βGBT remained higher (p = 0.016; 1.3-fold) after digestion with pepsin and pancreatin compared with WB. Fermentations containing βG and βGBT produced similar propionate concentrations ranging from 17.5 to 18.6 mmol/L and total SCFA from 46.0 to 48.9 mmol/L compared with control WB (14.0 and 37.4 mmol/L, respectively). This study suggests that combination of black tea with β-glucan in this functional bread did not impact on SCFA production. A higher dose of black tea and β-glucan or in combination with other fibers may be needed to increase SCFA production.