bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIGITAL GOVERNMENT: GLOBAL TRENDS AS A GUIDE FOR LEGAL POLICY MAKING IN UKRAINE
Authors: Khliborob Natalia
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to the legal principles of implementation of Digital Government. Fully digital government: Digital by design; Data-driven public sector; Government as a platform; Open by default; User-driven; Proactiveness. Digital by design foresees to govern and leverage digital technologies in order to rethink and re-engineer public processes, simplify procedures, and create new channels of communication and engagement with stakeholders; Digital Government is data-driven when it values data as a strategic asset and establishes the governance, access, sharing and re-use mechanisms for the improved decision-making and service delivery; Digital Government is open by default when it makes government data and policy-making processes available to the public, within the limits of existing legislation and in balance with national and public interest; Digital Government is user-driven when it accords a central role to people’s needs and convenience in the shaping of processes, services and policies, as well as by adopting inclusive mechanisms that enable this to happen; Digital Government is proactive when it anticipates people’s needs and responds to them rapidly, avoiding the need for cumbersome data and service delivery processes. Serving citizens proactively and offering comprehensive solutions at key moments of their lives requires an important paradigm shift. Enabling a proactive government will require a full transition to digital government paired with changes in how governments approach service design and delivery. This can contribute significantly to new forms of governance that can reduce costs for the state and improve public value creation, while placing citizens and their needs at the core of government decisions. It should be noted that the Ukrainian government also declares the direction of digital transformation and has already made some progress in this direction. In particular, the direction of electronic public services is developing. Registration and permitting services can be obtained in electronic form, the list of online services is constantly growing. Also, in the direction of strengthening communication with the public, the national portal "Interaction" is introduced, where members of the public will be able to submit electronic petitions and electronic appeals to the public administration. It is necessary to form and adopt a national strategy for digital transformation of public administration, which would take into account the current state of development of digital technologies and implement EU principles
PHOTOGRAPHIC WORK AS AN OBJECT OF LEGAL PROTECTION
Authors: Kmetyk-Podubinska Khrystyna
Published: August 2022

The article analyzes a photographic work as an object of legal protection. The author researches the peculiarities of legal protection of photographs, characterizes their legal nature, analyzes the peculiarities of the exercise of copyright in photographs. It is established that a photographic work can exist in various forms, but as of today photography is created and exists mainly in digital form, which determines the peculiarities of the exercise and protection of rights to it. It is highlighted that the national copyright law does not contain a definition of a photographic work, a photograph as well as a work made by means similar to a photograph, which is a shortcoming of legal regulation. It is proved that the object of legal protection is a photographic work, not a photograph, which may have all the features of the object of copyright. In addition, it is substantiated that the legal regime of a photographic work is also not defined in the legislation of Ukraine, which is a shortcoming of legal regulation. It is established that the Law of Ukraine «On Copyright and Related Rights» practically does not pay attention to the characteristics of a photographic work, only mentioning it among the objects of copyright. Moreover, it is proved that the features of a photographic work as an object of copyright are its creative character (as a result of creative activity), original character (expressed in a creative way of expressing the author’s idea – framing, lighting, focus, camera settings, etc.) and objective form of expression as a result of transferring the work from the author’s consciousness in the form of a creative idea to an independent material object, mainly in digital form). It is established that the creative and original nature of photography are often identified as features of the object of copyright. In turn, it is justified that a photograph and other works of art depicting an individual may be publicly shown, reproduced, distributed only with the consent of this person, and in case of his death – with the consent of persons specified by the law. It is proved that such an institution as the freedom of panorama, which characterizes the ability to photograph architectural objects that are in public places, is practically not regulated at the level of law. Consequently, it is established that the right to photograph the relevant architectural object as an object of copyright belongs to the personal non-property rights of the architect, but this approach of the legislator seems questionable, as the photography is a way to capture and reproduce the object of architectural activity as an object of copyright, which is a way to use property rights as a copyright. The imperfection of the application of the so-called «take down notice» procedure, provided for in Art. 52-1 of the Law of Ukraine «On Copyright and Related Rights», is stated, as this out-of-court procedure for protection of copyright in the digital environment does not apply to photographic works, which is a shortcoming of legal regulation.
AXIOLOGICAL (VALUE-BASED) SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STATE LANGUAGE THROUGH THE LENS OF ITS APPLICATION IN THE FIELD OF EDUCATION IN UKRAINE
Authors: Fylypets Yevhen
Published: August 2022

The article is dedicated to the study of the state language as a constitutional value in the context of its application in the field of education in Ukraine. An analysis of the development of value ideals and benefits for society, which is a social value transformed into a legal category of constitutional values in view of various factors, including historical and legal tradition as well as its transformation, the need to implement constitutional rights in the native (state) language, the influence of modern factors of using language as a tool of hybrid war is performed. The example of Ukraine proves the fact that in addition to expressing the state language as the foundation of statehood, consolidation of a multiethnic nation, a factor of national security, protection of sovereignty and territorial integrity - this legal phenomenon is valuable for its bearer from another point of view. In particular, it is about the need for the Ukrainian nation to use the native language in the exercise of the constitutional right to education. In addition, the article comprehensively reveals the issue of the place of the state language in the system of constitutional values of Ukraine with the appropriate justification, which allows to refer it to the values of the constitutional order of Ukraine. In turn, the main features of the state language as a constitutional value are identified and clarified, including the indisputable attributive connection between the language and the titular autochthonous ethnic group and the state; bearing the factor of national security, the factor of territorial integrity and inviolability of state sovereignty; means of consolidating the nation and integrating linguistic minorities; definition of language as a national good, social ideal and state-building basis.
Pembekalan Dasar K3 dan 6S di SMK Pratama Gunung Putri, Bogor, Jawa Barat
Authors: Arso Wil , M Ali Pahmi
Published: August 2022

Dalam hal keselamatan kerja tidak membedakan faktor umur, jenis kelamin, status, jabatan, semua manusia bisa mengalami kecelakaan kerja jika tidak mengikuti peraturan yang telah diterapkan oleh instansi. Oleh karenanya tujuan dari program PKM ini adalah memberikan pendampingan dasar implementasi terkait aspek K3 maupun 6S, agar mereka memiliki bekal dasar mengenai teori K3, jenis-jenis potensi bahaya ditempat kerja dan pentingnya peranan 5S+1S sebagai dasar pondasi program improvement lainnya dan kaitannya dengan unsur safety dalam bekerja, pemahaman dasar ini penting sebagai pembekalan sebelum mereka berkecimpung dalam dunia kerja. Metode dalam pengabdian ini melalui kuliah dan diskusi tatap muka di sekolah SMK Pratama-Gunung Putri-Bogor, Jawa Barat. Diharapkan dapat menggugah  kesadaran siswa/i dan menjadi budaya positif dan bisa mengaplikasikan pengetahuan tersebut disetiap kegiatan sehari-hari
ISOLATION AND ANTI-YEAST ACTIVITY OF SECONDARY METABOLITES OF SOURSOP LEAF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI
Authors: Hasan Akhmad Endang Zainal , Andrianto Dimas , Husnawati  , Rahman Faisal , Bermawie Nurliani , Julistiono Heddy , Riyanti Eny Ida
Published: August 2022

This study aimed to isolate the endophytic fungi of soursop leaves that have the potential as anti-yeast. Soursop leaves were collected from 3 locations in West Java, Indonesia. The secondary metabolites produced by the endophytic fungi were extracted with ethyl acetate and tested for anti-yeast activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida tropicalis. Profile of extracts contents characterization was carried out by using thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Twelve monoculture soursop leaves endophytic fungi isolates from Sukabumi (3 isolates), Cianjur (3 isolates), and Garut (6 isolates). It showed different abilities to inhibit C. tropicalis and S. cereviseae. The best extract is isolat from Cianjur (Sir-C1) and Sukabumi (Sir-S1). The stain patterns seen between the nine endophytic fungi extracts were similar. This indicates that the compounds in them may also be the same. But the extracts have a different absorbance for anti-yeast activities. This indicates that the total metabolites of each isolate are different. TLC results showed that ethyl acetate extraction produced almost the same metabolite components from nine endophytic fungi extracts, and all extracts had an anti-yeast activity with various absorbance. There are differences in the ability of 12 soursop leaf endophytic fungi to inhibit yeast model C. tropicalis and S. cerevisiae. Some extracts have similar TLC profiles, but their anti-yeast activity is not similar
PENGARUH KUALITAS PELAYANAN DAN BRAND IMAGE TERHADAP LOYALITAS NASABAH DENGAN PENGETAHUAN PRODUK SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI (STUDI KASUS BPRS BHAKTI SUMEKAR KANTOR CABANG PRAGAAN)
Authors: Muzarkosah Ifatul , Syarifah Wardatus
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah kualitas pelayanan, brand image dan pengetahuan produk berpengaruh terhadap loyalitas nasabah BPRS Bhakti Sumekar Kantor Cabang Pragaan dan Apakah pengetahuan produk dapat memoderasi kualitas pelayanan dan brand image  terhadap loyalitas nasabah BPRS Bhakti Sumekar Kantor Cabang Pragaan. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian kausal, menggunakan teknik yang jumlah respondennya 45 responden. Sedangkan tekhnik pengumpulan datanya menggunakan kuesioner atau angket. Kemudian data tersebut dianalisis dengan analisis statistik untuk memberikan interpretasi data, serta menarik kesimpulan dari data yang dihasilkan analisis statistik ini menggunakan regresi linier berganda (moderasi). Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa kualitas pelayanan dan brand image berpengaruh terhadap loyalitas BPRS Bhakti Sumekar Kantor Cabang Pragaan nasabah dengan nilai signifikasi masing-masing 0.005, 0.00. Pengetahuan produk dapat memoderasi kualitas pelayanan dan brand image terhadap loyalitas nasabah BPRS Bhakti Sumekar Kantor Cabang Pragaan dengan nilai signifikasi masing- masing 0.003, 0.000. Sedangkan pengetahuan produk tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap loyalitas nasabah karna nilai signifikansi >0.05 yaitu 0.063.
PENGARUH LABEL HALAL, PENDAPATAN, HARGA PRODUK, DAN RELIGIUSITAS TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PRODUK KOSMETIK HAND BODY LOTION (STUDI PADA MAHASISWI MUSLIM DI KOTA MALANG)
Authors: Prasasti Cindy Ayu , Ekawaty Marlina
Published: August 2022

Di era sekarang ini, konsumen dalam keputusan pembeliannya tidak hanya mempertimbangkan faktor harga, kualitas ataupun merk saja, tetapi juga mulai mempertimbangkan faktor kehalalan produk yang ditunjukkan dengan adanya label halal dalam produk. Namun, meskipun konsumen mulai mempertimbangkan faktor kehalalan produk, masih banyak masyarakat muslim yang belum menyadari pentingnya memperhatikan label halal pada kosmetik. Padahal kosmetik juga sama pentingnya diperhatikan kehalalannya karena menempel di kulit dan akan terbawa saat ibadah, sehingga akan mempengaruhi kualitas ibadah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh label halal, pendapatan, harga produk, dan religiusitas terhadap keputusan pembelian produk kosmetik, dan produk kosmetik yang dipilih adalah hand body lotion. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor utama yang dipertimbangkan oleh konsumen dalam pembelian produk hand body lotion. Dengan menggunakan metode uji regresi logistik, hasil menunjukkan bahwa label halal, pendapatan, harga produk, dan religiusitas secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian hand body lotion sebesar 71,9%. Sementara secara individual, label halal, pendapatan, dan religiusitas berpengaruh positif signifikan, sedangkan harga produk berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian hand body lotion. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa label halal, pendapatan, harga produk, dan religiusitas memiliki pengaruh dalam keputusan pembelian hand body lotion berlabel halal oleh mahasiswi muslim di Kota Malang.
EFEKTIVITAS PENDAYAGUNAAN DANA SEDEKAH PRODUKTIF UNTUK PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT DUAFA
Authors: Rahmawati Desi , Pangestu R. Ali
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan pendayagunaan sedekah produktif dan faktor apa yang mempengaruhi efektivitas pendayagunaan sedekah produktif untuk pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat duafa di Yayasan IQRO Investment Indonesia. Jenis penelitian menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif disertai sistem pengumpulan data kuesioner dan wawancara. Populasi penelitian seluruh masyarakat yang diberdayakan melalui sedekah produktif. Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Important Performance Analysis (IPA) serta Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI). Adapun hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah pendayagunaan sedekah produktif di Yayasan IQRO Investment  Indonesia telah dilaksanakan secara efektif dan faktor-faktor yang sudah sesuai atau sudah seimbang dengan yang diharapkan ada tiga yaitu target pemberdayaan, administrasi yang baik dan investasi dana sedekah. Faktor-faktor yang harus dikelola ulang ada empat yaitu ide kreatif, pembaharuan program, peningkatan pendapatan, dan edukasi zakat. Faktor-faktor yang harus di tingkatkan ada empat yaitu strategi pemberdayaan, pelayanan, jaringan pemasaran dan kemampuan membayar zakat. Faktor-faktor yang harus di kurangi kegiatannya atau kurang mencolok ada empat yaitu jujur dan amanah, keterbukaan informasi, pelatihan dan mengurangi masyarakat tidak berpenghasilan.
PENSAMENTO COMPLEXO E FORMAÇÃO EM ENFERMAGEM
Authors: Pereira Emanuelly Vieira , Lustoza Xavier Samyra Paula , De Melo Fialho Ana Virgínia , Corrêa Lima Miranda Karla , Da Silva Lúcia de Fátima , Cavalcante Guedes Maria Vilani , De Freitas Maria Célia
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: Objetivou-se discutir à luz do Pensamento Complexo as possibilidades da extensão universitária na formação do Enfermeiro. Método: Trata-se de estudo teórico reflexivo com base referencial do pensamento complexo proposto por Edgar Morin em articulação com as cinco diretrizes da extensão universitária.  Para articular o conceito proposto pelo autor a temática em estudo, foram realizadas buscas eletrônicas não sistemática sobre o tema,  realizando-se leitura  crítica de  suas  obras e de outros estudiosos. Resultados: As discussões utilizaram o referencial do pensamento complexo de Edgar Morin e as cinco diretrizes da extensão universitária: Interação Dialógica; Interdisciplinaridade e Interprofissionalidade; Indissociabilidade Ensino- Pesquisa- Extensão; Impactos na Formação dos estudantes e Impacto e Transformação social, no ensino superior em Enfermagem. Evidenciaram-se contribuições e possibilidades das práticas extensionistas para a formação do enfermeiro direcionadas ao desenvolvimento do pensamento complexo, crítico, reflexivo, humano e cidadão. Considerações finais: Conclui-se que (re)pensar as práticas pedagógicas e curriculares da extensão na formação em Enfermagem em articulação com o pensamento complexo é imprescindível  para uma práxis emancipatória e transdisciplinar.
Talent management strategies, a panacea for stemming Nigeria youth exodus in the health sector: Federal Medical Centres in focus
Authors: Igweh Florence Konye , Kifordu Anthony Anyibuofu
Published: August 2022

The study untook a review of talent management and mass exodus of youths in the Nigeria’s health sector with specific interest in Federal Medical Centres. Two objectives of rewards and recognition and Human capital strategy were reviewed along two hypotheses. These reviews were empirical in nature and a sample size of 124 respondent’s guided the study. Findings revealed statistically a significant relationship between the objectives and mass exodus of our youths leaving that sector in a state of decay. Arguably, the study recommended high recognition for talent and human resource development in that sector a. Similarly, conclusions was drawn that talent management is a vital aspect of employees commitment to service which enhances service delivery and performance.
Dynamic relationship between micro finance banks' credit and growth of micro enterprises in Ojo Local Government of Lagos State
Authors: Adeyokunnu Joseph Adelanke
Published: August 2022

The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) challenges appear to be enormous and Micro Finance Banks (MFBs) thereby declining their capacities of contributing to the stability of MSMEs and decrease the rate of their performance. The failure to present required collateral or demonstrate good dignity by most MSMEs seem to be the major challenges which MSMEs are facing in today’s dynamic business environment. This study, therefore, examines the dynamics relationship between MFBs and the growth of MSMEs in Ojo Local Government Area of Lagos state, Nigeria. The study employed a cross-sectional research design, while a multi-stage sampling technique was used for the study. 120 copies of the questionnaire were distributed, 97 were returned and found fit. Frequency distribution (percentage analysis) was used to analyse data. The findings revealed that MFBs have dynamic relationship with MSMEs in Ojo Local Government Area of Lagos State. The study concludes that the MFBs and MSMEs in Ojo Local Government Area of Lagos State are vital to the survival of one another. Thus, it was recommended that owners/managers of MSMEs should make use of MFBs opportunity to grow and develop their businesses from time to time.
Influence of economic environment on the performance of cement manufacturing companies in Nigeria
Authors: Salisu Isyaka Mohammed , Bappa-Yaya Adama , Dahiru Fatima , Markus Kesmen Samson
Published: August 2022

Many experts are concerned about the necessity to look into what causes the performance of cement manufacturing businesses in Nigeria to be questionable. Therefore, the study looked into how economic factors impact Nigerian cement manufacturing enterprises' performance. Interest rate, inflation rate, exchange rate, unemployment rate, and economic growth were the economic environmental factors taken into account in this study. The study's descriptive and explanatory design and survey methodology were appropriate for achieving its goal. For the 398 sample size considered, primary data were gathered using a standardized questionnaire. In this study, descriptive and inferential analyses were both completed. Frequency tables and charts were used to analyze the data collected in a descriptive manner. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), which produced the correlation and regression results, was used to conduct the inferential analysis. The results showed that all economic and environmental factors significantly affect how well cement manufacturing enterprises function in Nigeria. The original finding of this study is that the performance of Nigerian cement manufacturing enterprises is most significantly influenced by economic factors, specifically currency rates. With these findings, the study came to the conclusion that economic considerations had a favorable impact on the performance of Nigerian cement manufacturing enterprises. Therefore, it is recommended that cement manufacturing businesses, among other things, should be more aware of the economic indicators that could affect their performance through ongoing feasibility studies on alternative economic indicators in the industry.
Conflict resolution strategy: a remedy to internal conflict among mega churches’ workers in Nigeria
Authors: Kalejaiye Johnson Tomisin
Published: August 2022

Conflict is inevitable in both private, public and none-profit making organizations in which the conflicts have been majorly addressed through the use of collective bargaining but over the years it has yielded little or no results, meanwhile there was little attention which was paid to the use of conflict resolution strategy to resolve conflict in every establishment in which churches are not left out. The study explores the use of conflict resolution strategy as a tool for resolving mega churches workers conflict in Nigeria with special reference to Redeemed Christian Church of God (RCCG). Questionnaire was used as the research instruments and descriptive statistics (simple percentage analysis) was used as the method of analysis for the study in which the study concluded that conflict resolution strategy will improve the mega churches workers cordial relationship and also shows that there is a significant positive relationship between conflict resolution strategy and reduction in internal conflict among mega churches workers in Nigeria, the research results from the reliability of the survey instrument shows that conflict resolution strategy should be one of the best mechanism for internal conflict among mega churches workers in Nigeria.
obispado de Astorga (España) y los jesuitas expulsos de Hispanoamérica
Authors: Astorgano Abajo Antonio
Published: August 2022

Nos acercaremos brevemente a la prosopografía de los 28 jesuitas nacidos en la Diócesis de Astorga, que fueron expulsados entre 1767 y 1770 de sus dominios europeos y ultramarinos. Esbozaremos su formación, empleos dentro de la Compañía y peripecias en el destierro italiano. Nos fijaremos especialmente en los ocho misioneros astorganos que evangelizaron en América, y en los cuatro (un alemán y tres mexicanos) que fueron encarcelados en conventos del obispado de Astorga, como rehenes de Carlos III.
To Sleep or Not to Sleep, That Is the Question: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Effect of Post-Trauma Sleep on Intrusive Memories of Analog Trauma
Authors: Schäfer Sarah , Lüder Charina , Porcheret Kate , Hu Xiaoqing , Margraf Jürgen , Michael Tanja , Holmes Emily A , Werner Gabriela G , Wilhelm-Groch Ines , Woud Marcella Lydia , Zeng Shengzi , Friesen Edith , Haim-Nachum Shilat , Lass-Hennemann Johanna , Lieb Klaus , Kunzler Angela , Wirth Benedikt Emanuel , Sopp Roxanne
Published: August 2022

Distressing intrusive memories of a traumatic event are the hallmark symptom of posttraumatic stress disorder. Thus, it is crucial to identify early interventions that prevent the occurrence of intrusive memories. Both, sleep and sleep deprivation have been discussed as interventions, yet previous studies yielded contradicting effects. Our systematic review aims at evaluating existing evidence by means of traditional and individual participant data (IPD) meta-analyses to overcome power issues of sleep research. Until May 16th 2022, six databases were searched for experimental analog studies examining the effect of post-trauma sleep versus wakefulness on intrusive memories. Nine studies were included in our traditional meta-analysis (8 in the IPD meta-analysis). Our analysis provided evidence for a small effect favoring sleep over wakefulness, M(log-ROM) = 0.25, p < .001, suggesting that sleep is associated with a lower number of intrusions but unrelated to the likelihood of the occurrence of intrusions. We found no evidence for an effect of sleep on intrusion distress. Heterogeneity was low and certainty of evidence for our primary analysis was moderate. Our findings suggest that post-trauma sleep has the potential to be protective by reducing intrusion frequency. More research is needed to determine the impact following real-world trauma and the potential clinical significance.
Differential expression of HOOK1 in cancers of the breast.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: August 2022

Breast cancer affects women at relatively high frequency (1). We mined published microarray datasets (2, 3) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of women with breast cancer. We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding hook microtubule tethering protein 1, HOOK1, when comparing primary tumors of the breast to the tissue of origin, the normal breast: in women aged 70 and higher, and in women aged 45 and younger. HOOK1 mRNA was present at significantly higher quantities in tumors of the breast as compared to normal breast tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of HOOK1 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with recurrence-free survival in patients with luminal A subtype breast cancer, demonstrating a relationship between primary tumor expression of a differentially expressed gene and patient survival outcomes influenced by PAM50 molecular subtype. HOOK1 may be of relevance to initiation, maintenance or progression of cancers of the female breast.
Computation of Derivative of Geometric Series without Differentiation
Authors: Annamalai Chinnaraji
Published: August 2022

This paper presents the computing method for the derivative of geometric series without using the differentiation. This idea will be useful for researchers who are involving in finding the scientific solutions.
METODE,MEDIA,DAN EVALUASI PEMBELAJARAN PAI
Authors: Burhan Sri wahyuni , Yusuf Muhammad
Published: August 2022

Pembelajaran dalam pendidikan agama islam tidak sapat terlaksana dengan baik tanpa adanya metode, media serta evaluasi oleh karena itu metode digunakan untuk mengarahkan peserta didik agar lebih mudah dalam belajar serta memudahkan guru dalam menyampaikan pembelajaran secara lisan, dan melaksanakan diskusi untuk mencari solusi dalam pemecahan masalah saat melakukan Tanya jawab antara guru dan peserta didik.Dalam pembelajaran di perlukan pula media untuk membantu proses mengajar seorang guru di dalam kelas agar peserta didik lebih mudah memahami apa yang disampaikan oleh guru, serta dapat memotivasi peserta didik yang cenderung memilikisikap cuek,bosan dan sulit di atur.Setelah pembelajaran yang di lakukan telah sesuai dengan menggunakan metode dan media yang sesuai maka dalam pembelajaran akan di adakan pula evaluasi untuk mengetahui sejauh mana peserta didik memahami apa yang disampaikan oleh guru dalam bentuk test maupun non test.
How will our collaborative projects work?
Authors: Mindsponge AISDL
Published: August 2022

The AISDL team introduces an online portal that promotes knowledge exchange and facilitates worldwide collaboration based on openness, transparency, equality, and innovationThe AISDL team invites researchers, especially Early Career Researchers (ECRs) and those from low-resource backgrounds, to participate in joint research projects utilizing the Bayesian Mindsponge Frameworks (BMF) analytics.Collaborating with the AISDL team allows participants to discuss interesting findings, achieve products, and gain useful research skills with our theoretical, technical, and editorial support. ***** For more information, please visit: https://mindsponge.info/posts/39 *****
Emergence of Number Sense in Deep Multi-modal Neural Networks
Authors: Noda Kamma , Soda Takafumi , Yamashita Yuichi
Published: August 2022

Associating multimodal information is essential for human cognitive abilities, and its failure results in a wide range of neuropsychological symptoms. Multimodal learning has attracted attention in the field of machine learning. Particularly, investigating the impact of multimodal learning on the representation of information could facilitate understanding human multimodal association learning. Herein, we used a multimodal deep learning model as a computational model for multimodal association in the brain. We compared the representations of numerical information, i.e., hand-written digits and images of geometric figures, learned in single- and multi-modal ways, which presumably corresponded to the human cognitive process of learning number sense. The multimodal training produced better latent representation in terms of clustering quality, consistent with previous findings of multimodal learning in deep neural networks. Moreover, learned representation using the model exhibited superior performance in the downstream arithmetic task. Our novel findings experimentally demonstrated that changes in acquired latent representations in multimodal association learning were directly related to cognitive functions. This supports the possibility of multimodal learning research offering novel insights into understanding higher cognitive functions in humans, including mathematical skills.
Identifying childhood predictors of delinquency escalations in adolescence
Authors: Murray Aja Louise , Zhu Xinxin , Mirman Jessica Hafetz , Caye Arthur , Rohde Luis Augusto , Ribeaud Denis , Eisner Manuel
Published: August 2022

A subset of youth show an escalation of delinquency in adolescence and there is considerable potential value in identifying early life markers that could be used to help target preventive interventions for those at risk. Within a dual systems framework, this study examined childhood predictors of adolescent escalations of delinquency in the normative z-proso cohort (n=1522). Trajectories were summarised using latent class growth analysis of self-reported sensation-seeking, self-regulation, and delinquency across ages 11 to 20. Predictors examined included task-based measures of risk-taking, and sensation-seeking at age 7/8 and parent- and teacher-reports of ADHD symptoms and a range of conduct problems at age 7. Adjusting for gender, all predictors except parented-reported indirect aggression, inattention, and hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms were associated with membership in a class characterised by an adolescent escalation of delinquency (n=112; 7.4%) relative to a class with no escalation(n=816; 53.7%). Mutually adjusting for all predictors, gender, age 7 sensation seeking, age 8 risk-taking propensity, parent-reported physical aggression and teacher-reported reactive aggression emerged as unique significant predictors. Results suggest that later delinquency escalations can be predicted based on child characteristics at age 7/8 years of age. This knowledge could help to identify children who could benefit from preventive interventions
Creative leisure activities, mental health, and wellbeing during five months of the COVID-19 pandemic: A fixed effects analysis of data from 3,725 US adults
Authors: Bone Jessica Katherine , Fancourt Daisy , Sonke Jill , Fluharty Meg , Cohen Randy , Lee Jenny , Kolenic Anthony J , Radunovich Heidi , Bu Feifei
Published: August 2022

Introduction We investigated whether changes in engagement in home-based creative activities were associated with changes in depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and life satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic, aiming to replicate findings from the UK in a US sample.Methods 3,725 adults were included from the COVID-19 Social Study in the United States, a panel study collecting data weekly during the COVID-19 pandemic. We measured engagement in eight types of creative leisure activities on the previous weekday between April and September 2020. Data were analysed using fixed effects regression models. Results Increased time spent gardening was associated with reductions in depressive and anxiety symptoms and enhanced life satisfaction. Spending more time doing woodwork/DIY and arts/crafts were also associated with enhanced life satisfaction. However, more time watching TV, films, or other similar media (not for information on COVID-19) was associated with increased depressive symptoms. Other creative activities were not associated with mental health or wellbeing. Conclusion Some findings differ from evidence obtained in the UK, demonstrating the importance of replicating research across countries. Our findings should also be considered when formulating guidelines for future stay-at-home directives, enabling individuals to stay well despite the closure of public resources.
My Country, White or Wrong: Christian Nationalism, Race, and Blind Patriotism
Authors: Perry Samuel , Schleifer Cyrus
Published: August 2022

A principal concern regarding nationalist sentiment is the tendency to sanctify “the nation” and support it as chosen and pure regardless of its complicity in injustice. Building on research showing the tendency to whitewash America’s past is primarily localized to white Americans, and particularly those who stress its Christian heritage, we theorize Christian nationalism amplifies Americans’ willingness to endorse “blind patriotism” (supporting the nation even in the wrong), but only for white Americans as opposed to Blacks or Hispanics. General Social Survey data affirm the more Americans conflate Christian and American identities, the more they agree citizens should support their country even if it is wrong. As anticipated, this association is pronounced for white Americans, but virtually non-existent among Blacks and Hispanics. Stemming from American religious and national identities being deeply racialized, conflating the two sanctifies “the nation” but only among whites, whose national membership and hegemony was historically assumed.
The Augmented Social Scientist. Using Sequential Transfer Learning to Annotate Millions of Texts with Human-Level Accuracy
Authors: Do Salomé , Ollion Etienne , Shen Rubing
Published: August 2022

The last decade witnessed a spectacular rise in the volume of available textual data. With this new abundance came the question of how to analyze it. In the social sciences, scholars mostly resorted to two well-established approaches, human annotation on sampled data on the one hand (either performed by the researcher, or outsourced to microworkers), and quantitative methods on the other. Each approach has its own merits – a potentially very fine-grained analysis for the former, a very scalable one for the latter – but the combination of these two properties has not yielded highly accurate results so far. Leveraging recent advances in sequential transfer learning, we demonstrate via an experiment that an expert can train a precise, efficient automatic classifier in a very limited amount of time. We also show that, under certain conditions, expert-trained models produce better annotations than humans themselves. We demonstrate these points using a classic research question in the sociology of journalism, the rise of a “horse race” coverage of politics. We conclude that recent advances in transfer learning help us augment ourselves when analyzing unstructured data.
The Variability of Age at First Marriage across Birth Cohort and Education Level: The Case of Taiwan
Authors: CHENG HAO-CHUN , Cohen Philip N.
Published: August 2022

The variability of age at first marriage has implications for the destandardization of life course and the deinstitutionalization of marriage institution in recent decades. Previous studies, based on Western societies, suggest a more dispersed variability in recent cohorts. However, despite the rise in women’s education, the universal ideology of formal marriage, the powerful link between formal marriage and childbearing, and collectivism in East Asian societies may constrain variability in marriage timing. Also, women with different levels of education experience different life course sequences and interactions with marriage, leading to heterogeneous changes in the variability. Using the Women’s Marriage, Fertility, and Employment Survey in Taiwan, this article presents a representative case of changing marriage and childbearing behaviors in East Asia. Our results show that the variability among women without a high school degree has become more dispersed in more recent birth cohorts. In contrast, variability of age at first marriage among highly educated women has remained consistent. The educational differences became more salient in recent cohorts, especially in women born after 1960. Our findings contribute to the literature on how the life course and the institution of marriage have diverged across education levels over birth cohorts in East Asia.
Tanggung Jawab Ilmuwan Pertanian Terhadap Dampak Penggunaan Pestisida ditinjau dari Aksiologi Ilmu
Authors: Putawa Rilliandi Arindra
Published: August 2022

The paradigm transition in agricultural science leaves many problems. The impact of using pesticides in the past has had a negative impact, both on the environment and on human life. Agricultural scientists as pesticide product developers should be responsible for their scientific products' impact. This research is a philosophical study that aims to analyze the responsibility of scientists on the phenomenon of pesticide use by using the axiology of science. This research is a philosophical reflection on the development of pesticides in agriculture as a controversial issue, both structurally and normatively. The results show that there are two responsibilities of agricultural scientists that can be contradictory: social responsibility to meet the community’s food needs and moral responsibility to pay attention to the environmental impacts caused.
Penerapan Metode Activated Sludge dalam Pengolahan Limbah Cair Industri Tahu Beru
Authors: Abdul Gani Husni Zaini , Yanuwiadi Bagyo , Rachmansyah Arief
Published: August 2022

The tofu industry in its production process uses ± 25 liters of water per 1 kg of soybean raw material. Soybean used as raw material for tofu contains protein, carbohydrates, fat, and other nutritional ingredients so that the resulting liquid waste contains high organic matter that has the potential to pollute the environment with a value of Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) of 467 mg/L and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of 668.2 mg/L. Efforts to control water pollution can be overcome by processing biotechnology using an activated sludge system. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of polluted water sediment as the main ingredient of activated sludge in reducing levels of Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and to determine the growth rate of microorganisms in the acclimatization process. This research was carried out on 4 different composition variations in batches under aerobic conditions using an aerator and a pump as a stirrer. The results showed that the composition of the sludge in treatment IV, namely the composition of the sludge consisting of (60% Waste, 40% Nutrients, and cultured RPH sludge) was the best composition at 60 hours of aeration with the effectiveness of removing BOD concentration of 90.10% and COD concentration. amounted to 87.41% or achieved a reduction value of 46.21 mg/L of BOD concentration and 84.14 mg/L of COD concentration with a specific biomass growth rate of 0.054 day-1.
Editor’s Reply to Nischal Shrestha’s Letter
Authors: Pokharel Krishna
Published: August 2022

Not Applicable
Profile of Ocular Trauma during COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown at a Tertiary Center in Eastern Nepal
Authors: Chaudhary Santosh , Shah Sangeeta , Lavaju Poonam , Ansari Zahir , Shrestha Chandra Bahadur , Badhu Badri Prasad
Published: August 2022

Background: Ocular injury is one of the most common causes of visual blindness worldwide. It is also an important cause of emergency hospital visits. We aimed to study the clinical profile of ocular trauma during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown.

Methods: This cross-sectional study reviewed all the patients who presented with ocular trauma at B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences between 1 April to 30 June 2020. Patient demographics, presenting complaint, duration of presentation, agents, place, settings, pattern, and management of ocular trauma were recorded and reviewed.
Results: A total of 73 patients presented with ocular trauma during the study period. The mean age of patient was 33.96 ± 18.17 years. Males were more prone to trauma (male: female = 1.66:1). Most of the trauma occurred during household activities (n = 26, 35.6%). Students were the most vulnerable group (n = 26, 35.6%). The duration of presentation to the hospital (mean ± SD) was 1.77 ± 0.99 days . Eleven (15.1%) patients were blind due to trauma (visual acuity < 3/ 60). Blunt object was the main agent (n = 42, 57.5%) and closed globe injury (n = 50, 68.5%) was the main type of ocular trauma during the lockdown. Surgical intervention was required in 32.9% of patients and lid laceration repair (66.7%) was the surgery performed the most.
Conclusion: Most of the patients suffered ocular trauma during household activities as outdoor activities were restricted during the lockdown period. Ocular trauma was predominant in the males and the students.
Postoperative Analgesic Effect of Morphine Added to Ropivacaine for Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block following Femoral Fracture Surgeries: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Baral Pankaj , Ghimire Ashish , Sah Birendra Prasad , Bhattarai Balkrishna , Khatiwada Sindhu , Prasad Jagat Narayan
Published: August 2022

Background: Fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) following femoral fracture surgery provides effective analgesia. Reports of morphine added to ropivacaine for peripheral nerve blocks are limited. We designed this study to investigate the effects of morphine as an adjuvant to ropivacaine in FICB for femoral fracture surgery.

Methods: Seventy patients undergoing spinal anaesthesia for femoral fracture surgery were randomized to undergo ultrasound aided FICB with ropivacaine alone (n = 35) or in combination with morphine (n = 35). FICB was performed postoperatively with 20 ml of 0.375% ropivacaine plus 2 ml normal saline or 20 ml of 0.375% ropivacaine plus 2 ml (1 mg/ ml) morphine. Primary outcome parameter was the duration of analgesia. Secondary outcome parameters were total doses of rescue analgesics, sedation scores, Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) scores for pain and patient satisfaction.
Results: Demographic data were similar between the two groups. Patients receiving morphine adjuvant had longer duration of postoperative analgesia (541 ± 167 vs 634 ± 164 mins, p = 0.01; Mean difference -92.71; 95% CI: -171.95 – -13.47). Requirement of postoperative rescue analgesics for the first 24h was significantly lesser (tramadol 77 ± 25 vs 62 ± 22 mg, p = 0.01; Mean difference 14.28 ;95% CI: 2.95 – 25.63) in patients receiving morphine adjuvant. Postoperative NRS scores and sedation scores were comparable between the two groups.
Conclusion: Morphine as an adjuvant to ropivacaine for FICB significantly prolongs the duration of postoperative analgesia.
Radiology and its Sub-specialities
Authors: Ghimire Prasanna
Published: August 2022

N/A
Oral Gabapentin Pretreatment to Attenuate the Haemodynamic Response to Laryngoscopy and Tracheal Intubation
Authors: Shrestha Tulsi Ram , Podar Srijana , Ghimire Suson , Tamrakar Dhiraj
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Laryngoscopy and intubation are associated with transient sympathetic responses manifesting as a rise in blood pressure and heart rate. This study was conducted to evaluate the role of oral gabapentin pretreatment in the attenuation of such haemodynamic response.
Materials and Methods: Sixty-two patients aged 16 to 60 years weighing 50 to 75 kg undergoing elective surgeries requiring endotracheal intubation were randomized into two groups. group G received 900 mg oral gabapentin and group P received a placebo by mouth two hours before induction of anaesthesia. Patients were induced with propofol, fentanyl, and vecuronium. Laryngoscopy was attempted after four minutes and endotracheal intubation was done. Heart rate, systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressure at baseline, before intubation, one, three, five, and ten minutes after intubation were compared between two groups. Patients were observed for any adverse events peri-operatively and post-operatively for the first 24 hours.
Results: There was significant attenuation of the rise in blood pressure and heart rate before and after intubation in both groups compared with their corresponding baseline parameters. A significant decrease in heart rate was observed in the gabapentin group only 10 minutes after laryngoscopy and intubation (p=0.022).
Conclusions: Oral Gabapentin 900 mg two hours before induction is effective in attenuating the rise in blood pressure and heart rate following laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation, though a statistically significant difference was observed only at 10 minutes after intubation, compared with a placebo group. Besides the significant incidence of pre-induction somnolence, there were no serious perioperative adverse effects.
Pap Smear as a Screening Tool for Cervical Cancer in a Tertiary Care Centre in Nepal: A Retrospective Cross-sectional Analysis
Authors: Shrestha Amar Narayan , Adhikari Anurag , Poudel Ayusha , Aryal Barun Babu , Parajuli Ganesh , Gurung Suman , Baskota Shreejana , Shrestha Ishu
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Pap smear is a time-tested screening test to diagnose cervical carcinoma at an early stage. It allows clinicians to take intervention measures, prevent the progression of the disease to invasive forms and decrease the burden of carcinoma as a whole. The objective of this study is to determine the values regarding the diagnostic accuracy of Pap smear and establish its role in the health care setting of Nepal.
Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of the records from April 14, 2018, to April 12, 2020, of the Department of Pathology in a tertiary care hospital in the capital city of Nepal. Ethical approval for the study was taken from the Institutional Review Board and the demographic and clinical data of patients were analyzed anonymously. The consecutive sampling technique as used for data collection and analysis was done in Microsoft Excel 2019 and Statistical Packages for Social Sciences Version 25. The diagnostic accuracy parameters were calculated from a contingency table prepared from the collected data.
Results: Out of 3095 Pap smears, 72 had a positive finding of some sort. 74 cases had a positive finding in the form of a biopsy out of 573. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of Pap smear at the institution were found to be 0.70, 0.94, 0.78, and 0.91 respectively with an overall accuracy of 88.36%.
Conclusions: Pap smear can still play a pivotal role in the diagnosis of cervical neoplastic lesions.