bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An optimal PID controller parameters for a brushless DC motor by using Newton-Raphson-based optimizer algorithm
Authors: Soumia Kerrache , Mohammed Haidas
Published: December 2024

The brushless DC (BLDC) motor was developed to address the shortcomings of DC motors, whose driving performance is known for being more effective and requiring less upkeep. PID (Proportional, Integral, and Derivative) control systems are broadly used in many electrical engineering applications, including the control of brushless DC motors in general desired output quantities like voltage, current, speed, and position. It is essential to comprehend these systems in order to optimize their parameters and achieve the desired system performance. The Ziegler-Nichols (ZN) methods are one way to adjust PID settings. The first step is to plot the open loop's step response using the model's tangent line to determine the final gain and ultimate time, the alternative approach involves gradually raising the gains until the system becomes unstable, after which the gains are adjusted. Rapid convergence to near-optimal solutions without becoming trapped in local optima is one of artificial intelligence's primary advantages. The aim of this paper is to use MATLAB simulation to tune the PID controller for brushless DC motor speed control using a metaheuristic algorithm for global optimization called The Newton-Raphson-Based Optimizer (NRBO), where the objective function is the integral of squared time multiply squared error (ITSES).  A comparison in optimal performances (rise time, settling time, overshoot, peak response, and peak time) are compared with a work that had applied optimization by Genetic Algorithm and Simulated annealing on the same model and parameters of brushless DC motor.
Smart solutions for smartphone repair: connecting users with expert technicians
Authors: Horch Abdelkader , Ghouali Samir , Benhadi Rajaa , Besseghier Mokhtar , Louni Abderrahmane
Published: December 2024

In contemporary society, smartphones have solidified their prominent role, surpassing their original function as mere communication devices. They have become constant companions, catering to a wide array of needs ranging from entertainment to productivity. However, even with their ubiquity, smartphones are not immune to technical issues, and these problems can arise anywhere around the globe. The situation becomes more complex when problems arise and the need for repair arises. Identifying a competent and reliable repair technician can often prove to be a genuine challenge. Repair mishaps can lead to not only financial losses but also compromise one's digital life. This is where our mobile application and website step in to address this concerning issue. These platforms act as a crucial bridge between smartphone users and qualified repair technicians. Our aim is to simplify and streamline the process of finding dependable repair services. In essence, our solution seeks to alleviate the challenges associated with seeking reliable smartphone repair services. By creating a platform that connects users with qualified experts, we contribute to enhancing the overall smartphone repair experience. This initiative reflects the growing significance of smartphones and how technology can be harnessed to address the issues that accompany them.
Degradation characteristics of the structural building material in the city of Achir
Authors: Hadja Kawthar , Bouksani Omar , Iskander Yahia , Kerfah Ilyas Khelifa , Kharchi Fattoum
Published: December 2024

The city of Achir is a historical medieval city which is located in North Africa more precisely in the Tettri Mountains in the current Algerian commune of Kef Lakhdar (wilaya of Medea). It is known for its cultural, political role and also as an intellectual center where forensic scientists and scholars flocked, during Fatimid suzerainty. Moreover, It was the capital of Zirids government and the heart of Sanhajian power. In this study, some pathologies of the current structural site in Achir have been investigated. The main building material found to be Tuffstone, Therefore, it was experimentally tested by X-RAY Diffraction (DRX), Scanning Electron Microscopy SEM, and magnifying glass. Findings have confirmed that the construction material was Tuffstone with volcanic origin. Also, the degraded was highly caused by environmental reasons (principally rainwater, wend and biological weathering..).
Performance-based quantitative evaluation of RC building frames with vertical mass Irregularities
Authors: Hentri Mohammed , Hemsas Miloud , Mekki Mohammed , Lallam Mostefa
Published: December 2024

Non-uniform distribution of mass in high-rise buildings constitutes a structural irregularity in elevation through which the behavior of these edifices during major earthquakes suffers severe structural damage due to the concentration of nonlinear strains, notably between adjacent stories and hence, can lead to changes in structural and material characteristics over the height of the building. The choice of the degree and location of the vertical mass irregularity is then of great importance in evaluating the seismic performance of such structures. The current study focus on the seismic performance of typical RC buildings designed considering effects of irregular mass distribution, by means of displacement-based adaptive pushover analysis. For this purpose, a ten-story regular frame structure is selected and modified by incorporating vertical mass irregularity to estimate and quantify essential parameters response such as base shear forces-roof displacement, inter-story drift and story-shear distribution. Regarding the results, it was found that the mass irregularity is somehow risky and conservative and that the irregular structure cannot meet the requirements of the earthquake-resistant design and must be constructed in such a way as to minimize the seismic effects.
MalariaScope: leveraging explainable ai for enhanced malaria diagnosis through deep learning-based blood cell classification
Authors: Gaouar Adil , Hamza-Cherif Souaad , Rahmoun Abdelatif
Published: December 2024

This study presents a novel methodology to improve malaria diagnosis through the application of deep learning techniques, particularly using long short-term memory (LSTM) networks for the analysis of blood cell images acquired from a digital microscope or a smartphone. Our research aims primarily to make a substantial advancement in the accuracy of malaria diagnosis and detection. Indeed, we have leveraged the power of LSTM to identify complex sequential patterns in the data, which has enabled us to achieve a high accuracy rate exceeding 98% for malaria detection from red blood cells. We have also set ourselves another major objective, which is to improve the explainability of the results obtained as well as the reliability of our model. The reason we integrated the LIME framework (Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations) is that it provides model-independent explanations for the predictions made by our LSTM network, thus addressing the growing demand for transparency in machine learning applications and facilitating a clearer understanding of the decision-making process. Nevertheless, the highlight of this work remains the implementation of MalariaScope, a web platform designed to provide users with unlimited online access and greater cost-effectiveness, integrating our LSTM-based classifier and, of course, the visualization of explainability, offering users the transparency and understanding of the decision-making process that is so lacking in AI. Our research, along with the methodology we used, has allowed us to ensure that the model we developed is not only accurate but also explainable and accessible, thus meeting the clinical needs for automatic Malaria diagnosis.
Study of the adsorption process of the yellow-orange dye by a bio sorbent derived from the external argan pulp "Argania Spinosa" (isotherms, kinetic and thermodynamic)
Authors: Taleb Souhila , Oughilas Ahmed , Mimanne Goussem
Published: December 2024

Our work aims to increase the worth of a plentiful plant-derived substance, namely the outer pulp of the argan fruit, by utilizing it as a bio sorbent to eliminate yellow-orange food color from a water-based solution, without the need for any physical or chemical preparation. In order to accurately assess the adsorption of JO dye by the bio sorbent, a comprehensive physicochemical characterization was conducted, including FTIR, SEM/EDX, pHpzc with zeta potential, and iodine and methylene blue indices to gather information on the bio sorbent surface. Regarding the process of adsorption, we investigate various types and arrangements of adsorption, as well as the kinetics and thermodynamics of this process. The obtained results demonstrate an adsorption rate of 91% with adsorption being of type S and heterogeneous. The second-order pseudo model is a more accurate representation of our adsorption process. The thermodynamic parameters suggest that the adsorption is both spontaneous and characterized by a chemical, endothermic nature.
Utilização de micro sensor para monitoramento da qualidade do ar em ambiente industrial
Authors: Simões Walter Charles Sousa Seiffert , Pacheco Gustavo de Andrade , França Lucas de Oliveira , Ramos Aliny Souza , Salehi Sarah Portela
Published: December 2024

Com o aumento do desenvolvimento tecnológico em grande parte das atividades industriais o mercado industrial teve que também dar atenção para seus trabalhadores, tornando os ambientes mais seguros e confortáveis. Entre uma das inúmeras preocupações dessa garantia do bem-estar está relacionada a detecção de gases e partículas, que podem gerar acidentes e diminuir a qualidade de vida de todos. O propósito deste estudo é a elaboração de um projeto de detecção de gases tóxicos e inflamáveis com aplicação nos diversos ambientes. Um protótipo com a utilização de sensores disponíveis no mercado, sendo estes o sensor MQ-2 capaz de detectar concentrações de gases combustíveis e fumaça no ar, sensor MQ-3 capaz de detectar vapores de álcool e etanol, um sensor muito usado em projetos de bafômetro e o sensor MQ-135 capaz de detectar concentrações de gases nocivos à qualidade do ar. Eles captam a concentração de gases tóxicos existente num ambiente fechado. Em busca de definir o melhor sensor para detecção dos gases foram realizados testes sobre os modelos disponíveis no mercado. Estes sensores foram associados a uma camada de hardware capaz de gerar alertas sonoros e visuais aos responsáveis pela linha de produção, além de executar um protocolo de dispersão dos gases, quando atingem um valor considerado prejudicial. O projeto se comporta de forma eficiente, conforme previsto nas pesquisas, tendo os valores percebidos pelos sensores suficientes para identificação de situações de risco e permitindo que outras medidas possam ser tomadas para salvaguardar a saúde das pessoas.
Effect of addition of eggshell powder to improve the compressibility parameters of Doukane’s clay soils: a case study Tebessa-Algeria
Authors: Malaoui Rachida , Djellali Adel , Arabet Leila , Benbouza Assma , Bensaid Djillali , Belaabed Faris
Published: December 2024

This study examines the effects of Eggshell Powder (ESP) as an additive material, used in varying amounts from 2% to 8%. It focuses on how ESP influences the physical properties of expansive clay soils, particularly concerning compressibility parameters, the oedometer modulus (E′), and swelling pressure. Additionally, the study investigates how ESP affects the behavior of clayey soil subjected to consolidation and swelling tests. It observed that the investigated soil compressibility index had a high value and decreased with the addition of ESP, evidencing further that soil is highly compressive. It found that a decrease in the compressibility index with an increased ESP increases the mechanical stability of the soil by reducing the capacity for compressive strain. The high swelling index with the addition of ESP shows a tendency toward possible swelling when contacting water. The initial addition of ESP increases the susceptibility of the soil to expansion, and the volumetric compressibility coefficient, mv, decreases. The addition of ESP increases the oedometric modulus E′ from 359 kN/m² to 1166 kN/m². The ESP has drastically enhanced the swelling characteristics of soil, having swelling pressures of 720 kN/m² at 0%, 750 kN/m² at 2%, 760 kN/m² at 5%, and 780 kN/m² at 8%.
On the reduction of cyclic lattice in dimension two and three
Authors: Korichi Safia , Mihoubi Douadi
Published: December 2024

Cyclic lattices are sublattices of the integer latticeℤⁿ. Due to their importance in cryptography, where in the well rounded cyclic lattices  the shortest vector problem is equivalent to shortest independent vectors problem, they are  studied by several authors. In this paper, we investigate the class of cyclic lattices, which refers to lattices that are invariant under the rotational shift operator. Another way to describe them is as lattices that contain the standard cycle as an element of their automorphism group. Our specific focus, is on the special of cyclic rotations of a single vector and apply the reduction algorithm to it,the question that naturally arises is : under what conditions does the resulting reduced basis remain cyclic? Additionally, we examine the conditions under which this is not possible. To illustrate this, we provide some counterexamples that demonstrate the cases where the reduced basis is not a cyclic basis.
Analytical study of positive solutions for a class of exponential difference equations
Authors: Abdallah Lallouche
Published: December 2024

Difference equations and systems of difference equations are of great importance in the field of mathematics as well as in other sciences. The applications of the difference equations appear as discrete mathematical models of many phenomena such as in biology, economics, ecology, control theory, physics, engineering, and population dynamics. Many population models are governed by exponential difference equations, and lot of papers were published in this matter. The aim of this work is to study the dynamical behaviors including existence, uniqueness, boundedness and local and global asymptotic behavior of the positive solutions to a class of difference equations of the exponential form. This equation could be also viewed as a model in mathematical biology, in which case we consider the parameters denote the movement rate, the growth rate and the carrying capacity of the one species. Finally, to demonstrate the validity of the obtained results, some numerical examples and simulations of equations solutions are made and numerous graphical illustrations of stability trajectories of solutions are plotted.
Valorization of Saharan kaolin for hazardous dye removal: "Basic Red 46"
Authors: Meroufel Bahia , Benhachem Fatima Zahra , Ghougali Fayssal , Tefiani Choukri , Bendjelloul Meriem , Zenasni Mohamed Amine
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the use of Saharan kaolin as a cost-effective and eco-friendly adsorbent for the removal of Basic Red 46 (BR46), a hazardous industrial azo dye, from aqueous solutions. The Saharan kaolin was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of variables such as contact time, initial dye concentration, pH, and temperature on the adsorption process. Results showed that the adsorption efficiency increased with rising initial dye concentrations and temperatures, particularly at neutral pH. The adsorption isotherms followed the Langmuir model, indicating monolayer adsorption, and the kinetics were best described by a pseudo-second-order model. Thermodynamic parameters, including enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy, confirmed the endothermic and spontaneous nature of the adsorption. These findings suggest that Saharan kaolin is a promising, low-cost alternative for removing hazardous dyes like Basic Red 46 from wastewater.
Numerical simulation of the mechanical behavior of mandibular trabecular bone using the finite element method
Authors: Mansouri Naima , Zidani Kamel , Benbouta Rachid
Published: December 2024

The study of porous permeable and saturated with an interstitial fluid is very important in biomechanics for the study of bones and tissues as well as for orthopedic surgery. In this study, we are interested in the numerical simulation of the compression test of a mandibular bone sample consisting of trabecular bone surrounded by a cortical bone envelope. The main objective is to characterize the mechanical behavior of trabecular bone using a mathematical formulation based on Biot's porous media theory associated with the Druker-Prager failure criterion. The French finite element software CASTEM in its educational version was used for numerical simulations. The results obtained agree well with the results present in the specialized literature. Indeed, the behavior of cancellous trabecular bone observed using simulations corresponds to that of compressed cellular materials: a first elastic behavior, followed by a second plastic behavior and finally a new elastic behavior corresponding to the solidification of the trabecular bone.
Physico-mechanical characterization and study of the performance of an ecofriendly mortar based on perlite of Maghnia-Algeria
Authors: Saddika Mohamadi , Ahcène Arbaoui , Malika Boumaiza , Sofiane Kahlal , Ayoub Yagoub
Published: December 2024

In the cement industry, the search for more economical binders using waste and natural resources has become crucial to overcome the shortage of Portland cement and respect the environment. Algeria has significant potential in natural resources such as perlite, a volcanic rock that can be finely ground and used as an active mineral additive in the production of cement to reduce the release of CO2. This study examines the benefits and feasibility of using perlite as a partial substitute for cement in mortar manufacturing, with volume substitution rates of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. Tests were carried out to evaluate physical, mechanical and thermal behavior, including consistency, setting time, workability, capillary absorption, mechanical strength and thermal conductivity. The results obtained indicate that the presence of perlite increases the water requirement, accelerates the setting time in the fresh state and improves capillary absorption in the hardened state. In the long term, the mortar containing perlite develops mechanical resistance greater than that of the reference mortar (0% perlite) which increases proportionally with the increase in the percentage of perlite used. In addition, perlite-based mortar presents interesting thermal and physical properties, highlighting the advantages of perlite as a thermal insulator and the interest in reinforcing this ecological addition.
Stochastic sensitivity analysis of micromechanical properties of unidirectional layer with natural fibers - hydrogen pipeline application
Authors: Abdelhakim Maizia , Hocine Abdelkader , Habbar Ghania , Aydin Levent , Abderrezak Bezazi , Louza Abdelkader , Bouledroua Omar , Ibrahim Baali
Published: December 2024

The primary objective of this study is to predict the sensitivity of the mechanical properties in unidirectional layers of bio-composites. Four bio-sourced fibers were investigated: PALF (Pineapple leaf fiber), Date palm, Alfa, and Hemp fiber. In order to conduct this sensitivity analysis, three models were implemented. The first model utilizes analytical approaches based on four theoretical methods: Halpin-Tsai, Chamis, Hashin-Rosen, and the Rule of Mixtures (ROM). The second model is based on the finite element method (FEM) applied to the unit cell of bio-layer composites. After validating the analytical and numerical results with experimental data, a coupled methodology combining probabilistic stochastic analysis and FEM was employed to determine the sensitivity of all mechanical properties of the natural fiber-based layers. These bio-layers are designed for use in manufacturing the layers and skins of sandwich composite hydrogen transportation pipelines. The probabilistic stochastic approach, utilizing the Monte Carlo method, enables the execution of the sensitivity analysis. The results indicate that uncertainties in the micromechanical characteristics of fibers, the fiber volume fraction, and the fibers' radius are the most significant factors affecting the stiffness of the layer or the multi-layered structure in longitudinal and transversal directions. These findings provide valuable insights for designers to estimate the volume ratio and select the types of components or fibers to manufacture reliable and economically viable Bio-Composites layers with high resistance and quality.
The existence and stability of the solution for a viscoelastic Petrovsky equation with a nonlinear strong damping term
Authors: Khedidja Abidi , Saadaoui Mohamed
Published: December 2024

This paper investigates a nonlinear viscoelastic Petrovsky equation defined in a bounded domain, which incorporates a strong damping term and a delay feedback mechanism. We focus on establishing the global existence of solutions by utilizing Sobolev spaces and combining the energy method with the Faedo-Galerkin approximation technique. This approach is particularly effective in dealing with nonlinear terms and ensures the existence of weak solutions.The delay feedback term plays a crucial role in the dynamics of the system, and we impose conditions on the relative weights of the delay and non-delay terms in the feedback to guarantee the well-posedness of the problem. Specifically, the conditions ensure that the solutions depend continuously on the initial data, preventing issues such as instability or non-existence that could arise from improper choice of delay parameters.In addition to existence, we derive decay estimates for the energy of the system. These estimates are obtained using the multiplier method, which is a powerful tool in the analysis of stability for differential equations, and by exploiting the properties of convex functions. The decay estimates offer insights into how quickly the energy dissipates over time, which is a critical aspect of understanding the long-term behavior of the system.Our findings extend previous work on viscoelastic systems by incorporating delay feedback terms. These results refine the understanding of the interplay between the damping mechanisms and the delay feedback, particularly in terms of their impact on the energy stability of the system. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the behavior of nonlinear dynamic systems, especially in scenarios where delay feedback plays a significant role in the system's stability and energy dissipation.
Adaptation of non-quadratic chaotic discrete dynamical systems to the synchronization scheme
Authors: El-hafsi Boukhalfa , Tarek Nouioua
Published: December 2024

This paper addresses the challenge of synchronizing non-quadratic chaotic discrete dynamical systems, focusing on the Zeraoulia-Sprott map, which includes a fractional term that complicates the synchronization process. The presence of this fractional component in the first system has been a significant obstacle for existing synchronization schemes. To overcome this issue, we propose a novel control strategy that eliminates the fractional term in the controller vector, allowing for a more effective synchronization approach. The legitimacy and robustness of the proposed controller design are rigorously demonstrated using Lyapunov stability theory, ensuring the convergence of synchronization errors to zero. In parallel with the study of chaos in discrete dynamical systems, synchronization has emerged as a fundamental research direction in mathematics and physics. Early works by Yamada and Fujisaka introduced a local approach to chaotic synchronization, while Afraimovich et al. expanded on the theoretical foundations. Subsequently, Pecora and Carroll formalized identical synchronization using coupled chaotic systems, introducing the concepts of master and slave dynamics. More recently, the generalized synchronization method, as developed by Rulkov et al., has further advanced this research area. Our study contributes to this rich body of work by adapting non-quadratic chaotic systems to synchronization schemes through a tailored control approach. The proposed method opens new pathways for synchronizing complex discrete dynamical systems, offering potential applications in secure communications, signal processing, and complex system analysis.
Simulation and analysis of the impact forces on bucket tooth using FEM
Authors: Bakhouche Hibat Rahmane , Meddour Belkacem , Zedira Hamma
Published: December 2024

Bucket teeth are critical components of excavators, as they serve as the primary interface between the machine and the soil during excavation operations. This study focuses on a static structural analysis of a Caterpillar (K130 220-9133) bucket tooth, manufactured from X200Cr12 hard alloy steel. A three-dimensional model was developed using SOLIDWORKS 2022, accurately replicating the actual dimensions of the bucket tooth. The structural analysis was conducted using ABAQUS 6.20, with the bucket tooth constrained at the adapter side and subjected to an applied load on its ground contact surface. To enhance the precision of the results, mesh refinement was applied to regions exhibiting high stress concentration, with element sizes reduced to as fine as 0.1 mm. The simulation results revealed a maximum equivalent Von Mises stress of 341.4 MPa, well within the material’s yield stress limit, thereby confirming the structural integrity and safety of the design. Additionally, the equivalent Von Mises strain was calculated at 0.01462 mm, providing insights into the deformation behavior of the bucket tooth under operational loads. This analysis contributes to understanding the mechanical performance of bucket teeth and highlights the importance of advanced modeling and simulation techniques in optimizing their durability and efficiency in excavation tasks.
Mechanical behavior and effect of the incorporation of fillers on sediments treated with hydraulic binders
Authors: Brahim Banoune , Samir Lillouch
Published: December 2024

Management of large quantities of sediments from dam and river dredging is an important environmental and economic issue. Case of Soummam River located in the Bejaia region are discussed in this work. In order to enhance the value of this material, which was initially either stored or discharged into the sea. We carried out an in-depth study to enhance the value of river sediments in the field of road works, particularly in the subgrade layers of the roadway. This study has the dual advantage of making the dredging operation profitable, which is very expensive, and of having a large quantity of construction materials available. The characterization of the sediments revealed the predominance of fine particles with a low percentage of clay and a significant presence of organic matter. Mechanical behavior of natural sediments does not meet the criteria imposed by regulations in force. This is why in second step we will study the impact of treatment based on cement or lime alone or with additives such as fillers. Different formulations are proposed in order to meet regulatory requirements. By varying rate of fillers associated with lime or cement, it is possible to improve mechanical resistance of sediments studied. Results obtained on different formulations studied show improvement of mechanical performances. With only 2% of cement associated with fillers, interesting results are obtained. Bearing capacity of resulting material is better and an increase in mechanical resistance is obtained.
Renewable hydrogen energy from polymeric waste: an aspen plus model of date palm seeds and mixed synthetic materials co-gasification
Authors: Fekhar Bahmed , Al-Asadi Mohammed Abdulraheem Saeed , Khirennas Messaoud
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the co-gasification of biomass derived from date palm seeds and mixed waste plastics, utilizing Aspen Plus simulation to analyze syngas generation under various operational conditions. The co-gasification process, which combines agricultural by-products with plastic waste, offers a viable strategy for converting waste materials into valuable syngas, thereby promoting sustainable energy production and addressing environmental waste issues. A model was developed in Aspen Plus that incorporates reaction kinetics and thermodynamic data specific to the characteristics of date palm biomass in conjunction with mixed waste plastics. Critical parameters, including the ratio of plastic to biomass, steam to biomass ratio, and air-steam ratio were systematically varied to assess their impact on the composition of syngas, particularly the levels of H₂, CO, CH₄, and CO₂, as well as the resultant calorific value. The results demonstrate that an increase in the plastic content leads to higher concentrations of H₂ and CO, while elevated steam levels promote the production of H₂ and CO₂ through the water-gas shift reaction. Furthermore, the air-to-steam ratio significantly influences the quality of syngas, affecting CO, CH₄, and overall energy efficiency. This research identifies optimal conditions for co-gasification that maximize both the yield and quality of syngas, providing a basis for future investigations focused on the integration of biomass and plastic waste into sustainable energy systems.
Characterization of sand concretes based on dune sand in the Béchar region of Algeria
Authors: Slimane Bousserhane , Zohra Benziane Fatima
Published: December 2024

Due to the abundance of sand and sand dunes that surround us in the southern regions of the Algerian Sahara, known as dry zones, and despite the beauty of the sand dunes and their beautiful view, they have become a threat to the vegetation around us with the desertification of agricultural lands. We must therefore find a new formula to eliminate the excess sand. We decided to study sand exploitation in the field of civil and urban engineering. Our program includes the study of its physical, chemical and mechanical properties. The study looked at five different sand areas, using sand in sand concrete. The experimental program carries out a series of compression tests on specimens (16×32 cm3). The results show that particle size and formulation improved by admixtures and silica fume have a direct effect on the mechanical behavior of dune sand concrete. To this end the study gave encouraging results concerning compressive strength. All that remains is to add some improvers such as adjuvants such as super plasticizers and silica fume to reduce the quantity of water and increase the compressive strength.
An Initial Exploration of College English Collaborative Writing Teaching Model Based on Scaffold Theory
Authors: Wang Tingting
Published: December 2024

Current college English writing instruction faces problems such as outdated teaching models and limited feedback mechanisms, which hinder the development of students’ writing skills. This paper, reflecting on the current state of writing instruction, integrates scaffolding theory with collaborative writing, and then proposes a teaching model consisting of five key stages: context setting, scaffolding, collaborative writing, feedback and evaluation, and independent writing. By adopting scientific grouping and constructing linguistic scaffolds as well as cognitive framework scaffolds, instructors aim to effectively enhance students’ writing proficiency, critical thinking abilities, and collaborative abilities.
Analysis of the Transformation of the New Energy Vehicle Industry under the Background of the Digital Economy
Authors: Jia Yunxiang
Published: December 2024

Today, the digital economy has become the main theme. The digital economy includes digital industrialization, industrial digitization, digital governance, and data value. In this context, data has become the kinetic energy of factors for economic development. In recent years, China's new energy vehicle industry has risen rapidly. In the 2024 "Global Top 100 Auto Supply Chain", three Chinese enterprises have entered the top 20: CATL, Weichai Group, and Huayu Automotive. This represents the profound accumulation and innovation ability of Chinese component enterprises and shows the indispensable role and status of Chinese enterprises in the global auto supply chain to the world. The development of the new energy vehicle industry has promoted the reconstruction of the auto industry chain, including the production and manufacturing of core components such as batteries, motors, and electronic controls, as well as the development of fields such as intelligent driving and intelligent interconnection. This transformation has not only promoted technological innovation and business model innovation within the industry but also driven the construction and improvement of related infrastructure, such as the construction of charging piles and battery swapping stations, as well as the development of intelligent transportation systems, providing convenience for the popularization and use of new energy vehicles.
Carbon Emissions from Northern Households based on the Emission Factor Method Impact Factor Studies
Authors: Meng Sijia , Li Yang , Xie Shengyun , Qiu Haixin
Published: December 2024

With the improvement of living standards, household carbon emissions have exhibited a significant upward trend. In northern regions, the substantial influence of seasonal heating demand results in higher energy consumption and carbon emission levels among households. However, micro-level studies examining the characteristics of per-household carbon emissions and their influencing factors in these areas remain scarce and limited. Consequently, there is an urgent need for more comprehensive research to provide a theoretical foundation for formulating precise carbon emission reduction policies and strategies. this study employs the emission coefficient method to quantify the carbon emissions resulting from energy consumption by urban and rural households in northern regions. The findings indicate that electricity consumption and transportation-related travel are prominent sources of carbon emissions among northern households; additionally, the use of natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, and other energy sources also contributes significantly to overall emissions. Notably, coal-fired heating has a particularly pronounced impact on household carbon emissions during winter months.
The Impact of Cultural Identity on Consumer Purchase Intention for Leisurewear Incorporating Dunhuang Mural Elements
Authors: Suo Xiaofan , Mohd Nasir Nadia Binti
Published: December 2024

As an ancient cultural element, Dunhuang murals have strong historical and cultural inheritance significance. This study explores the impact of cultural identity on consumers' purchase intention, which has certain theoretical significance and practical value. Theoretically, this research advances the assumptions of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) by integrating cultural identity into the model. Based on the existing literature on ancient culture and cultural identity, this study proposes a new research framework to empirically test the relationship between ancient cultural symbols, cultural identity, emotional value, and consumer purchase intention. By analyzing the collected data through structural equation modeling (SEM), the study draws the following conclusions: First, ancient cultural symbols significantly enhance an individual’s sense of cultural identity and emotional value perception, thereby significantly affecting their purchase intention. Second, ancient cultural symbols impact consumers' purchase intention directly and indirectly through cultural identity and emotional value. Cultural identity also impacts consumers' purchase intention directly and indirectly through emotional value. Finally, ancient cultural symbols have a significant positive impact on purchase intention through the chain mediation effect of cultural identity and emotional value. In summary, ancient cultural symbols not only directly enhance cultural identity, emotional value, and purchase intention, but also indirectly affect purchase intention through the intermediary effects of cultural identity and emotional value. The research results provide empirical basis for the use of traditional cultural symbols in product design and marketing strategies. In particular, they provide theoretical support for the marketing strategy of Dunhuang mural casual clothing, which helps to enhance consumers' cultural identity and purchase intention.
Analysis of Marketing Strategies for New Energy Vehicles: A Case Study of BYD
Authors: Xie Yixuan
Published: December 2024

With the rapid progress of science and technology and the constant changes of The Times, cars have been deeply integrated into People's Daily life and become an indispensable means of transportation. However, in the face of increasingly severe climate warming and greenhouse effect, the emission problem of traditional diesel vehicles has gradually become prominent, and reducing its use has become the general trend. In this context, new energy vehicles, with their environmental protection and energy saving characteristics, are gradually coming into people's vision, and have received extensive attention and strong support from governments around the world. The vigorous development of the new energy automobile industry indicates that it will become the leading industry of future economic development. As a leader in the new energy industry, BYD has occupied a place in the field with its excellent technical strength and innovation ability. Next, this paper will use SWOT analysis to deeply explore BYD's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in the new energy industry, and analyze its unique marketing strategy to have a more comprehensive understanding of its future development.
The Impact of Public Policy on the Lithium Battery Industry- Taking the United States as an Example
Authors: Xu Luyin
Published: December 2024

Lithium battery plays a notable role in global manufacturing. As the demand for clean energy increases worldwide, the lithium battery industry is expanding rapidly. The United States, which stands at a leading status, aims to strengthen its competitive position. Policies support the development of technological innovation and enhanced domestic production capabilities. The objective of this research is to analyze the impact of public policies in the United States on local lithium battery production. The tariff policy, tax policy, research and development, and subsidy policies will be discussed separately in the following sections. This study includes a review of academic literature, industry reports, and policy papers. By analyzing the impact, this paper draws the following conclusions. Firstly, the local policies strengthen domestic manufacturing and supply chain resilience to enhance the international position. Secondly, the market in the US encourages the consumption of electric vehicles, which fosters the demand for lithium batteries. To further enhance the global competitiveness of the United States in the lithium battery industry, the US government should continue to contribute to the current status.
The Current Situation and Development Trends of the Solar Photovoltaic Industry in China and the United States
Authors: Shen Weizhe
Published: December 2024

Climate change and environmental pollution have made clean energy increasingly valued, among which solar photovoltaic power generation occupies a pivotal position. In terms of the development of clean energy in the world today, major countries have mastered the core technology and occupied the main installed power generation capacity. China and the United States, the two major energy powers in the world, are also the major powers in the world today. They have completely different political systems and economic policies, and there are also many differences in the development of the solar photovoltaic power generation industry. This paper will conduct an in-depth comparative analysis of the development of the solar photovoltaic industry in China and the United States from the aspects of policy environment, key enterprises, development trends, etc., to more clearly reveal the differences and causes of the development of the solar photovoltaic industry between the two countries, and provide references for future cooperation and competition.
Caligula's Adhocratic Leadership: An Analysis of the Reign of the Roman Emperor Caligula
Authors: van Nispen Henri
Published: December 2024

The Roman emperor Caligula generally counts as the prototype of imperial madness. This study highlights the complexities of Caligula's reign in the dynamic context of Roman politics during the Early Principate. Characterised by arbitrary decision-making and personal exercise of power, Caligula’s leadership adapted to the unique context of the challenges posed by the senate. His attempts to consolidate power led to conflict and ultimately his murder. The study identifies two key factors: the Augustan mixed constitution emphasising consensus, and Caligula's unique lineage, which he manipulated to assert his divine status. His leadership was marked by visual power demonstrations, social group manipulation, and the creation of uncertainty. While conventional narratives often label Caligula’s reign as ‘madness’, this analysis reframes his actions within the context of adhocratic leadership, suggesting that a deeper understanding of Caligula's leadership style can inform broader leadership studies.
Study on the Effect of International Disaster News Reporting on Public Environmental Protection Behavior
Authors: Wei Zijie
Published: December 2024

This study zeroes in on the impact of international disaster coverage on public environmental behaviors, employing the S-O-R (Stimulus-Organism-Response) theoretical framework to chronologically analyze how global in-depth disaster reporting at various time periods triggers shifts in public environmental awareness and actions. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach that combines qualitative analysis with quantitative data, it compiles cases of major environmental disasters worldwide over nearly two decades, including wildfires, marine pollution, and extreme weather events, meticulously examining how media information acts as external stimuli, processed through cognitive mechanisms, leading to emotional responses and subsequent behavioral intentions. The findings reveal that high-frequency, high-quality disaster event coverage significantly heightens public recognition of the urgency for environmental protection, particularly during the initial stages post-event. Immediate and comprehensive disclosure can rapidly capture broad attention, activating feelings of empathy and responsibility, thereby catalyzing pro-environmental behaviors such as energy conservation, waste sorting, and participation in public welfare activities. However, without sustained follow-up reports and positive reinforcement, the public's focus tends to wane over time, diminishing environmental motivation and hardening behavior patterns. The research also observes the pivotal role played by social media platforms in amplifying the influence of disaster reporting, facilitating collective memory formation and consensus building through viral dissemination; yet, this comes with challenges like information overload and exaggerated emotional appeal, potentially leading to audience fatigue and reduced intervention efficacy.
MFCC-based Classification of Carotid Artery Doppler Audio Signals Using LSTM Network
Authors: V Vidya Gopal T , Ghori Inayathullah , Eranki Avinash , John Renu
Published: December 2024

The carotid artery assessment is essential for detecting stenosis and vascular abnormalities. Traditional Doppler ultrasound, while effective, requires specialized equipment and trained operators, limiting its accessibility in primary care. This study investigates Doppler audio signal analysis as a non-invasive, cost-effective alternative for assessing carotid artery hemodynamics. Using advanced signal processing techniques like mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) and deep learning models such as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, we analyze Doppler audio signals from the common carotid artery (CCA) in 216 individuals. Our findings reveal significant age-related variations in blood flow dynamics and distinct signal patterns, highlighting the potential of Doppler audio analysis for early vascular screening. The changes in MFCCs indicate their usefulness in identifying hemodynamic alterations associated with aging and disease, supporting their role in non-invasive carotid artery health assessment. We also evaluate the deep learning framework, utilizing RNNs to capture long-term dependencies in the signals and providing a comprehensive comparison of network configurations and performance relative to state-of-the-art algorithms.
Is there a difference?
Authors: Asensio Mireia , Hodgson Vivien , Trehan Kiran
Published: December 2024

In this paper we examine the differences and similarities of the participants' experiences in working in face to face and online learning environments. The descriptions of experiences in collaborative assessment are particularly revealing, in chat the emotional content associated with the process is shared by the participant’ of both environments. We point out a difference in the way the online participants communicated with each other and believed that they had become more interpersonally aware and more interpersonally effective. This leads us to consider to what extent the online environment can support the extension of interpersonal communication skills, as equally or in greater ways than face to face. The work on Derrida on the speech/writing dichotomy, has provided a framework of analysis to understand writing as an equal form of communication for the expressions of thoughts and feelings.
Building a Distributed, Asynchronous Learning Environment
Authors: Baldwin Colin
Published: December 2024

The UniCafé project was established by a partnership between the University of Surrey (primarily the School of Educational Studies and the School of Management Studies for the Service Sector), four Further Education colleges, a Telecottage. the local library service and Tesco plc. The project aims to provide open, supported learning at a variety of traditional and non-traditional locations through electronic delivery.
Choosing a Virtual Learning Environment for the University of Bristol
Authors: Bayne Siân , Cook Julian , O'Leary Ros
Published: December 2024

We are currently exploring the potential of, and practicalities involved in, the implementation of networked learning tools across the University of Bristol. Our project is to ascertain first the readiness of the institution for such an implementation and second, the form such an implementation should take.
Effective Delivery of On-Campus Networked Learning
Authors: Cook John , Boyle Tom
Published: December 2024

This paper compares the experience of the two studies. In the first study on-line group work was structured around the production of essay-style critiques and the development of prototype multimedia resources. The second study describes an approach to designing on-line interactions between tutors and students that aimed to promote critical debate about an assessment task. The paper then sets down a framework of five key issues that markedly influence the effective delivery of networked collaborative learning in a campus context. The paper concludes by suggesting that if pre-delivery planning of networked learning gives detailed consideration to these issues, then the teaching and learning experience will be greatly enhanced,