bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Earning Per Share (EPS) dan Price Earning Ratio (PER) terhadap Return Saham pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Listing di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) Periode 2006-2009
Authors: SARI LINA WULAN
Published: September 2018

In particular brokerage stocks, the information has a dominant role  Investors who make investments in capital market activities need different kinds of informations consists of fundamental and technical. Both this of information could be used as a basis for investors to predict the return. Information on in the financial statements consist of several financial ratios such as liquidity ratios, activity ratios, the market ratio, profitability ratios. One of the tools for predicting the stock return is the Earning Per Share (EPS) and Price Earning Ratio (PER). The population used in the study were manufacturing companies listed on in the BEI. The is year observation period is from 2006 to 2009. The analytical method used is descriptive techniques, the classic assumption test (test of multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity, autocorrelation and normality test data), multiple linear regression analysis, coefficient determination and hypothesis test. From this study, it is concluded that a simultaneously exist between the EPS and PER effects on stock returns of manufacturing firms in the BEI. Partially, influenced EPS aend PER while the stock return has effect on stock returns. Thus the only variable influencing EPS eand PER are variables that influencing to stock return. Furthermore, beside , but other than EPS aend PER,  investors also need to consider other fundamental factors which are not examined in this study such as ROE, CR, PBV and others
Pengaruh Kemampuan, Motivasi Kerja Dan Komitmen Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan
Authors: Sitorus Deo Sansha , Soesatyo Yoyok
Published: September 2018

Business development at this time is very tight, this is caused by a number of actors emerging business. To be successful in the business world, companies must pay attention to everything relating to human resources. factors that affect a person's performance is a factor in the organization's ability and motivation factors. In addition, organizational commitment can also support the performance of employees in work. PT Orela Shipyard is a company engaged in the field of shipbuilding projects. PT Orela Shipyard employee population by 51 employees. This study uses the technique of probabilty sampling stratified random sampling as a sampling technique. So there are 45 employees in the sample. The results of this study indicate that the ability to significantly influence employee performance, motivation significant effect on employee performance, and organizational commitment have a significant effect on employee performance. Simultaneously, the ability, motivation and organizational commitment have a significant effect on employee performance.
Reaksi Pasar Sebelum dan Sesudah Kenaikan Harga BBM pada Perusahaan yang Listing di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI)
Authors: Femianita Riskhy Tia , Asandimitra Nadia
Published: September 2018

Fuel price increase that happened on June 2013 for gasoline and diesel fuel. Fuel price increase policy should taken by goverment in order to decrease hyper subsidy that effected to deficit budget. This research’s aim is to dict the differences market reaction between before and after fuel price increase with measure abnormal return and trading volume activity. Analysis method that use in this research is event study with event period during 21 days by using market adjusted model. The result of this reseacrh with one sample t test are the average abnormal return is significantly positive values around the date of announcement of fuel price increases. The result of this reseacrh with paired sample t-test there are differences in average abnormal return and average trading volume activity significantly before and after the announcement of fuel price increases. It shows that the market reacts to the announcement of fuel price increases.
Pengaruh Adversity Quotient dan Learning Organization terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Pusdiklat Kemensetneg RI
Authors: Setiaji Hermawan , Herminingsih Anik
Published: September 2018

The progress of the reformation in the field of bureucracy is slower than the other fields. It is believed that the concept of the clean government and good governance must be applied in order to give the optimal results for the citizen. In this case, the quality or work of those who worked in the bureaucracy of the State Secretariat Training Center of the Republic of Indonesia did not show any optimal results. As a matter of fact, there were several factors that contributed to the results, for instances adversity quotient and learning organization. Furthermore, this research aimed to determine the effect of adversity quotienent and learning organization of employee performance. The research was conducted at the Training and Education Centre State Secretary of  The Republic of Indonesia in Jakarta. Research design that used is causality, with descriptif quantitative analysis, using instrument questionnaire to population sample. The result showed that: (1) there is a positive correlation  and significant effect of adversity quotient on the performance of employee; (2) there is a a positive correlation and significant effect of  learning organization on the performance of employee; (3) and these is a positive and significant effect simultanuoesly adversity quotient and learning organization on the performance of employee.
Pengaruh Kesesuaian Kerja terhadap Keterampilan Kerja dengan Keterikatan Kerja sebagai Variabel Mediasi
Authors: Noviyana Firda Ayu
Published: September 2018

This study aims to identify and explain the influence of person job fit, job crafting and work engagement in Semen Indonesia Company. This study used saturated sample with the sample 50 respondents. Methods of the statistical analysis that used were SEM Partial Least Square (PLS) with smartPLS 2.0 sofware. The results of this research explained that person job fit has a positive to job crafting. Work engagement posiive to job crafting. Person job fit positive to work engagement. And work engagement not mediates the person job fit and job crafting.
Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Melalui Motivasi Sebagai Variabel Intervening Studi pada PT. Rahmat Jaya Perkasa Sidoarjo
Authors: Haqq Najmy
Published: September 2018

PT. Rahmat Jaya Perkasa is a company focuses on ceramic tile’s distribution in East Java region. To improve and maintain the quality of its services, the company focuses on their organization culture. This process is done so that the organization within the company can improve employee performance to maintain its competitive advantage. In order to improve the performance of employees is needed motivation to work so that the organization can maintain its competitive advantage. Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of organizational culture, employee performance and motivation. And the role of mediation motivation to work on the influence of organizational culture on employee performance. Samples from this study are all permanent employees of PT. Rahmat Jaya Perkasa, which are 42 employees. Data analysis technique used is the analysis with alternative methods of Structural Equation Model Partial Least Square with the help of software Smart PLS 3.0. The results of the study explained that organizational culture significantly influence employee performance. Organizational culture positive and significant effect on work motivation. Work motivation significantly influence employee performance. Work motivation is not mediating effect of organizational culture on employee performance.
Validation of SMOS-IC Soil Moisture over Brazilian Semiarid Using in situ Measurements
Authors: Araújo Diego Cézar Dos Santos , Montenegro Suzana Maria Gico Lima , Gusmão Ana Cláudia Villar E Luna , Rodrigues Diogo Francisco Borba
Published: September 2018

Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) data validation has been widely performed worldwide since the product became available. However, there are few studies for Brazil. This study focused on the validation of a new version of SMOS product developed by the Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) and Center d'Etudes Spatiales de la BIOsphère (CESBIO). One of the advantages of SMOS- INRA-CESBIO (SMOS-IC) is that the product is as independent as possible from auxiliary data. The validation was performed at 7 stations located in a semi-arid mesoregion of Pernambuco State, Northeast Brazil, for the year 2016. Bias, root mean square difference (RMSD), unbiased RMSD and the Pearson correlation coefficient (R) were computed between the SMOS-IC data and in situ measurements, considering only the ascending orbit (6 am local time). The results were consistent with those found in several studies, including error metrics. The correlation coefficient (r) ranged from 0.53 to 0.86 (mean 0.68) and the sensor was able to respond adequately to rainfall events. The results of this study are useful to demonstrate the need to continue validating soil moisture data obtained by remote sensors throughout the state, especially in more rainy locations.
Development of a Fast Urban Flood Model for Real-Time Applications
Authors: Wolfs Vincent , Ntegeka Victor , Bermúdez María , Willems Patrick
Published: September 2018

Detailed 1D/2D models have become standard practice for urban flood modelling. However, many applications require computationally fast simulation models. Due to their prolonged calculation times, these 1D/2D models are unsuited for such applications. This research compares three modelling approaches with different levels of complexity and simulation times: (1) a highly detailed 1D/2D model, (2) a 1D/1D model with two different flood cone parameterizations, and (3) a newly developed surrogate dual drainage model. The three approaches are tested and compared on a Belgian case study. Results show that the surrogate dual drainage model can emulate the results of highly detailed models with calculation time reductions in the order of magnitude of 105.
Spatial-Temporal Evaluation of Rain-Fauge Network Based on Entropy Theory
Authors: Wang Wenqi , Wang Dong , Singh Vijay P. , Wang Yuankun
Published: September 2018

Ground-based rain-gauge stations are the most direct sources of precipitation data. The evaluation of rain-gauge network is essential and important for water management. One of the most popular methods for design of hydrometric network including rain- gauge network is information theory. Entropy concepts from information theory has been widely adopted and applied in rain-gauge network design. In this paper, spatial- temporal evaluation of rain-gauge network located in Shanghai, China will be performed based on entropy theory. The transinformation-distance (T-D) spatial model is applied under three different sampling frequencies. Weekly precipitation data fits the T-D model best. In addition, the representative network is evaluated to be suitable according to the result.
Model Predictive Control of a River Reach with Weirs
Authors: Horváth Klaudia , van Esch Bart , Baayen Jorn , Pothof Ivo , Talsma Jan , Vreeken Tjerk
Published: September 2018

A decision support system for water management based on convex optimization, RTC-Tools 2, is applied for a water system containing river branches connected by weirs. The advantage of convex optimization is the ability of finding the global optimum, which makes the decision support system robust and deterministic. In this work the convex modeling of open water channels and weirs is presented. The decision support system is implemented for a river made of 12 river reaches divided by movable weirs. It is shown how the discharge wave is dispatched in the river without the water levels exceeding the bounds by controlling the weir heights. After this test the optimization can be applied to a realistic numerical model and model predictive control can be implemented.
Federating and Harmonising Disparate Soil Moisture Data Sources
Authors: Stenson Matthew , Sommer Ashley , Searle Ross , Freebairn David
Published: September 2018

As with many industries, digital disruption will play a major role in shaping agriculture over the coming years as decisions become increasingly data driven. A significant proportion of this data will come from on-farm sensors that are becoming easier to source and deploy. While access to sensors is becoming increasingly cost effective, accessing and integrating the data they provide is still a major issue for many, due to the use of different standards for describing and sharing the data. The Soil sensing - new technology for tracking soil water availability, managing risk and improving management decisions project has developed a distributed system that addresses the technical challenge of federating disparate data sources through the use of a software mediation layer and a semantically enabled metadata harvest, search and discovery tool. These web services, the O&M Translator and the Data Brokering Layer, allow a unified and federated view of the data, enabling integrated search and discovery and provide access through a SOS compliant API, delivering the data to client using the O&M data model and a TimeseriesML representation. The resulting Data Stream Integrator is already being tested in applications such as SoilWaterApp.
Parameter Selection for Phase Space Reconstruction in Hydrological Series and Rationality Analysis of its Chaotic Characteristics
Authors: Li Hongyan , Bao Shanshan , Xuan Yunqing
Published: September 2018

This study performed a rationality analysis of the delay time and embedding dimension value during phase space reconstruction in hydrological series and the effect on their chaotic characteristics. Using a monthly average runoff time series from the Ayanqian station (upstream) and the Jiangqiao station (midstream) in the Nen River Basin, we reached the following regularity conclusions. 1 Based on the flood season (4 months) in the Nen River Basin, we can deduce that the correlation sequence length for the runoff is 4~5 months, i.e., the delay time =3 or 4 is a reasonable choice. 2 Learn from the predictability experiment results for the monthly rainfall time series, we know that the calculation results of the G-P algorithm for the dimension of runoff series for the Nen River Basin are reasonable, i.e., the embedding dimension is no more than seven. 3 the most suitable parameters for the phase space reconstruction and its chaotic characteristic index in the Nen River Basin are as follows: delay time = 3~4, embedding dimension = 6~7, correlation dimension = 2.90~3.00, maximum Lyapunov index = 0.24~0.32, and the forecast time is 3~4 months.
Generation of Daily Synthetic Series of Inflow Volume to the Las Cruces Dam, Nay., Mexico, Using the Svanidze Method
Authors: Velazquez Itzel , Arganis Maritza , DomÍnguez Mora Ramón , Mendoza Ramírez Rosalva , Carrizosa Elizondo Eliseo
Published: September 2018

The generation of synthetic series is important for simulations of the behavior in the long term of a reservoir or systems of them. The Svanidze method is easy to use to generate periodic time series for a selected period of time (monthly, fortnightly, weekly). Compared with other methods (eg PAR, PARMA) this method does not require a normal distribution assumption for the series. In this work the Svanidze method was applied to obtain synthetic series of the daily inflow volume to the Las Cruces hydroelectric project, located in the state of Nayarit, Mexico; with this method we achieve the objective of reproducing the behavior of the historical series at least in its first moment (the mean). In addition, similar correlation coefficient are observed from one day to the next with respect to what happened historically.
Application of Hydroinformatic Tools for Reservoirs Discharges Rules Assessment During a Flood Event
Authors: Pinho José , Vieira Luís , Vieira Jose , Venâncio Stênio , Simões Nuno , Sá Marques José , Seabra Santos Fernando
Published: September 2018

Hydrological and hydrodynamic models are valuable tools for understanding complex river hydrodynamics behavior during flood events. These tools have been applied to develop a detailed study of the flood event occurred between 9 and 11 January 2016 in the river Mondego basin, causing severe floods at Coimbra city (Portugal). The study included the characterization of the operational discharge schemes of three upstream dams with direct influence on flow rates in the river basin, and the runoff flows from contributing catchments. A detailed analysis on hydrodynamic water levels at the flooded areas influenced by the operation of a downstream dam and the local river morphodynamics was performed. Hydroinformatic tools were applied in different scenarios allowing the characterization and identification of the key factors responsible for the flood event and contributing to emphasize the need to comply with the established rules for the discharges at the upstream dams during flood events.
Optimal Sensor Placement and Leak/Burst Localisation in a Water Distribution System Using Spatially-Constrained Inverse-Distance Weighted Interpolation
Authors: Boatwright Shaun , Romano Michele , Mounce Stephen , Woodward Kevin , Boxall Joby
Published: September 2018

Water loss from water distribution systems (WDS) is an ongoing problem which poses a significant risk to water resources around the world. This paper presents a novel combined sensor placement – leak/burst localisation methodology which forms, and analyses by using sc inverse-distance weighted (IDW) interpolation, a sensitivity matrix to determine, on average, how accurately each sensor configuration localises leaks/bursts modelled at all nodes in a WDS. For a given number of sensors, the multi-objective evolutionary algorithm determines the optimal location of sensors to maximise the leak/burst localisation performance using the sc-IDW outputs in its objective function. Once the optimal sensor location is selected, the sc-IDW technique is used when new leaks/bursts occur in the WDS to determine their approximate location. A benchmark WDS was used to compare the leak/burst localisation performance against a baseline sensor placement technique. The comparison indicated that by using the sc-IDW technique for both the sensor placement and leak/burst localisation steps the leak/burst search area was reduced in size by between 9 and 26%. Reducing the leak/burst search area allows field teams to more quickly repair a leak/burst and reduce the impact that it has on water company operational efficiency and customer service.
STOP-IT - Strategic, Tactical, Operational Protection of Water Infrastructure Against Cyber-Physical Threats
Authors: Ugarelli Rita , Koti Juliane , Bonet Enric , Makropoulos Christos , Caubet Juan , Camarinopoulos Stephanos , Bimpas Manthos , Ahmadi Mehdi , Zimmermann Lisa , Jaatun Martin Gilje
Published: September 2018

Water supply and sanitation infrastructures are essential for our welfare, but vulnerable to several attack types facilitated by the ever-changing landscapes of the digital world. A cyber-attack on critical infrastructures could for example evolve along these threat vectors: chemical/biological contamination, physical or communications disruption between the network and the supervisory SCADA. Although conceptual and technological solutions to security and resilience are available, further work is required to bring them together in a risk management framework, strengthen the capacities of water utilities to systematically protect their systems, determine gaps in security technologies and improve risk management approaches. In particular, robust adaptable/flexible solutions for prevention, detection and mitigation of consequences in case of failure due to physical and cyber threats, their combination and cascading effects (from attacks to other critical infrastructure, i.e. energy) are still missing. There is (i) an urgent need to efficiently tackle cyber-physical security threats, (ii) an existing risk management gap in utilities’ practices and (iii) an un-tapped technology market potential for strategic, tactical and operational protection solutions for water infrastructure: how the H2020 STOP-IT project aims to bridge these gaps is presented in this paper.
A Multi-Hazard Extreme Climate Index across Europe
Authors: Arnone Elisa , Cucchi Marco , Dal Gesso Sara , Petitta Marcello
Published: September 2018

The ECI is a multi-hazard index which has been developed in the context of the eXtreme Climate Facilities (XCF) project lead by ARC (African Risk Capacity) with the objective of detecting the occurrence of climate extremes over the African continent. The main hazards covered by ECI are the extreme dry, wet and heat events. However, the definition of ECI allows for the integration of additional hazards in the same index. The index has been designed and widely tested across Africa. The objective of this study is to test the usability and potential application of the same index under different climate regimes that are typical of the mid-latitudes, including the Mediterranean area and northern Europe. The analysis presented in this study shows that the ECI allows an accurate detection of extreme cold/heat waves as well as events of abundant precipitation across Europe over the last decades
Modelling Green Roof Detention Performance in Cold Climates
Authors: Russwurm Ingrid , Gissvold Johannessen Birgitte , Gragne Ashenafi , Lohne Jardar , Muthanna Tone Merete
Published: September 2018

Green roofs (GRs) have become a popular sustainable drainage system (SuDS) technology in urban areas. As many countries and regions experience political encouragement and substitution schemes in implementing GRs, there is a need for reliant models that can support designing purposes. The stormwater management model’s (SWMM) Low Impact Development Green Roof (LID-GR) control is used to simulate the hydrological detention performance of two GRs, GR1 and GR2, with different drainage properties located in Oslo, Norway. This study uses event-based data to replicate GR runoff. Accordingly, four event-models were calibrated using the Shuffled Complex Evolution algorithm with the Nash-Sutcliffe criteria (NSE) as the objective function. Eight events were used for model validation. Simulation results revealed that SWMM’s LID module can capture response of the GRs even though the adequacy varies among events. During calibration two GR1 (0.55 and 0.72) and three GR2 (0.73, 0.88 and 0.51) event-models yielded NSE>0.5. However, only parameter sets of two GR2 event-models yielded NSE>0.5 when applied to the validation events. Parameter sensitivity analysis exhibited significant correlation between conductivity slope and maximum precipitation intensity. The study shows potential of SWMM as a design tool if supplemented with a calibration algorithm and some adjustments to the LID module.
Weekly Flow Prediction of Ergene River Using an Artificial Neural Network Based Solution Approach
Authors: Ayvaz M. Tamer , Tezel Ulas , Kentel Elcin , Goktas Recep Kaya
Published: September 2018

The objective of this study is to develop an artificial neural network (ANN) based solution approach to predict the weekly flows of Ergene River which is the largest river in Thrace region of Turkey. In the developed approach, precipitation – flow data relationships have been investigated in order to establish the best model structure to predict streamflow at the selected basin. The developed relationships are then evaluated using a feed forward neural network where back propagation algorithm is used to determine the associated network weights. The performance of the developed ANN based solution approach is evaluated by using the weekly precipitation and flow data collected from different monitoring sites in Ergene River basin. The model results are also compared with HEC-HMS model outputs which is calibrated using the same precipitation and flow data. Results indicate that the proposed ANN based solution approach can be effectively used to predict the weekly flows of Ergene River.
Estimating High Resolution Temporal Scale of Water Demand Time Series – Disaggregation Approach (Case Study)
Authors: Yousefi Peyman , Naser Gholamreza , Mohammadi Hadi
Published: September 2018

A comprehensive understanding of water demand and its availability is essential for decision-makers to manage their resources and understand related risks effectively. Historical data play a crucial role in developing an integrated plan for management of water distribution system. The key is to provide high-resolution temporal-scale of demand data in urban areas. In the literature, many studies on water demand forecasting are available; most of them were focused on monthly-scales. Since monitoring of time series is a prolonged and costly procedure, the popularity of disaggregation methods is a most recent desirable trend. The objective of this research is to transfer low-resolution into high-resolution temporal scale using random cascade disaggregation and non-linear deterministic methods. This study defines a new technique to apply previously proposed random cascade method to disaggregate continuous data of the city of Peachland. The accuracy of the results is more than 90%. It represents a satisfactory application of the models. The proposed approach helps operators to have access to daily demand without acquiring high-resolution temporal scale values. Although the disaggregated values may not be precisely equal with observed values, it offers a practical solution for the low equipped WDS and leads to lesser number of drinking water-related problems.
N-HyDAA - Big Data Analytics for Malaysia Climate Change Knowledge Management
Authors: Abdullah Mohammad Fikry , Mat Amin Mohd Zaki , Mohamad Mohd Fauzi , Mohamad Ideris Marini , Zainol Zurina , Yussof Nik Yusaimi
Published: September 2018

With the changing climate, the prognosis is that weather extremes such as floods, drought and EL Nino are likely to increase in frequency and intensity can expand billions of economic losses and effect human lives. NAHRIM Hydroclimate Data Analysis Accelerator (N-HyDAA), known as Malaysia Climate Change (CC) Knowledge Portal, the only CC knowledge portal in Malaysia primarily developed for providing CC and water-related data, information, knowledge and technologywhich is crucial for present and future water related bussines activities, engineering practices and environment. It has eight hydroclimate-environment modules, which amongst others are rainfall, floods, droughts and water stress condition using Big Data Analytics (BDA) technology by means of comprehensive analysis and interactive visualization tools. N-HyDAA is able to trace, detect, identify and visualise future water issues associated with the adverse impacts of climate change in Malaysia. N-HyDAA assist business entities, water operators, engineers, planners and decision-makers in designing, planning and developing water related program and risk management in combating climate change impact either mitigation or adaptation actions.
Simulating the Impact of Water Quality Improvement Measures for Nutrient-Sensitive River Basins with the Aquatox Model
Authors: Elçi Alper , Ayaz Selma , Aynur Sebnem
Published: September 2018

Water quality modelling studies are effective tools for the prediction of the impact of water quality improvement measures. This study aims to predict the future water quality of a nutrient-sensitive river basin assuming the implementation of water quality improvement measures by setting up and executing multiple models. The rationale behind the use of multiple models is the better suitability of each model for its relevant objective. Hydrodynamics of the river are simulated using the WASP model. Following the estimation of diffuse-source nutrient loadings in the river basin with the SWAT model, water quality of the river is simulated with a multi-segment Aquatox model. All models are calibrated to one year of observed data. Models are first executed to obtain the current water quality status and then to predict the water quality for the period of 2016-2040. For the future persion, it is assumed that measures are taken to reduce point-source and diffuse-source pollutant loadings. Model results suggest that load reductions are expected to be effective and that improvement in water quality can be predicted for all water quality indicators. TKN concentrations vary between 0.11-2.13 mg/l with the highest mean concentration occurring during the months of January. TP concentrations are expected to have a higher variability (0.032-0.65 mg/l).
Performance of Global Atmospheric Datasets towards Groundwater Management
Authors: Bongioannini Cerlini Paolina , Meniconi Silvia , Brunone Bruno
Published: September 2018

With the aim of refining a reliable tool for groundwater management, the ERA-Interim and ERA5 global atmospheric datasets provided by the European Centre for Medium- Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) are examined. Attention is focused on the analysis of the behavior of the soil moisture content. The performance of ERA-Interim and ERA5 is evaluated by considering the water table measurements at three sites in the Umbria region as well as the dynamics of water flow towards the groundwater.
Improving River Flow Simulation Using a Coupled Surface-Groundwater Model for Integrated Water Resources Management
Authors: Abbas Salam , Xuan Yunqing , Bailey Ryan
Published: September 2018

Accurate simulation of both land surface and groundwater hydrologic processes in river catchments is an important step for integrated water resources management, particularly for catchments where both surface water and groundwater resources are used conjunctively. In this paper, we present a study on a complex river catchment – the Dee River catchment in the United Kingdom using a coupled land surface model (SWAT) and groundwater model (MODFLOW) to improve the performances of both models otherwise used separately, hence serving the IWRM goals of optimizing conjunctive use of surface and groundwater. The model can also be used to evaluate the sensitivity of stream flows to changing climate, groundwater extraction, and land use alternations. Preliminary results show that the coupled model can improve river flow simulation especially baseflow simulation while significantly improving the overall water balance model simulations during periods of low flow.
Uncertainty Quantification in 2D Morphodynamic Model: Application to the Gironde Estuary.
Authors: Leroux Romain , Goeury Cédric , El Kadi Abderrezzak Kamal , Tassi Pablo
Published: September 2018

The purpose of uncertainty propagation is the quantification of input data uncertainties on the output results. This involves understanding (i) how uncertainty is represented in the model structure and the input data ? (ii) how are uncertainties propagated in the model ? (iii) Which uncertainties affect mostly the model outputs ? The propagation analysis be- gins with the identification and characterization of the uncertainties of the input data. The aim of this work is to estimate the uncertainties pertaining the parameters of a 2D morphodynamic model so as to characterize the probability distribution P h(x, y, t) ≤ hcritical of the water depth h(x, y, t) over the Gironde Estuary, where hcritical is a critical threshold of the water depth h(x,y,t) that allows navigation. To handle this purpose, we propose an original approach that includes sediment parameters and bathymetry data, through the use of probabilistic methods, imprecise probability and non-linear regression. The pro- posed strategy offers flexibility to handle the variability of these data are also suitable for data-driven applications since the uncertainty quantification can also be conducted from a small set of parameters of the 2D morphodynamic model.
Factors Influencing the Simplified Quality Model Performance
Authors: Feng Jing , Sun Congcong , Cembrano Gabriela , Puig Vicenç
Published: September 2018

During the last few years, the integrated real-time control (RTC) of both the urban sewer network and the wastewater treatment plants (WWTP), has attracted increasingly attention. In order to apply integrated RTC control approach efficiently considering both the hydraulic and quality variables, models, simplified conceptual quality modelling approaches are required. This paper presents research work based on simplified water quality models in sewers, which have been developed in the European project LIFE EFFIDRAIN (Efficient Integrated Real-time Control in Urban Drainage and Wastewater Treatment Plants for Environmental Protection). The contribution of this paper is to analyze the potential factors that would influence the performance of the proposed modelling approach and consequently the corresponding integrated RTC control. A real sewer pilot the Perinot sewer network has been used as case study. Results and conclusions have been provided which would be useful for the users of these models.
Influence of Rainfall Data with Different Spatial Resolutions on Flood Forecasting Reliability
Authors: Miyamoto Mamoru , Matsumoto Kazuhiro
Published: September 2018

Recent advancements in precipitation observation technology make it possible to precisely describe the intensity and temporal-spatial distribution of heavy rainfall, which can cause severe floods and inundations. Such technologies have also increased the accuracy of flood forecasting. However, error factors in flood forecasting remain to be solved, originating in not only input data but also model structure and calibration. Thus, this study focused on convergence results of errors in parameter optimization of the PWRI Distributed Hydrological Model and the reproducibility of river discharge. The reliability of ground-gauge and C-band-radar rainfall is compared in terms of flood forecasting under the condition of the minimum error due to calibration. Although the convergence results showed that C-band radar rainfall was superior to ground gauge rainfall, both were equally effective in reproducing river discharge with a high NSE of 0.9 at a station with error assessment. On the other hand, the reproducibility of river discharge with C-band radar data was highly superior to that with ground gauge data at a station without error assessment. This indicates that grid-based high resolution rainfall data is necessary for basin-wide flood forecasting.
Ensemble Numerical Modeling Approach with Social Network Information to Optimize Flood Forecasting
Authors: Liao Pin-Hao , Shih Dong-Sin
Published: September 2018

The rivers in Taiwan are steep, the surface runoff is rushed into ocean quickly with high speeds and large discharges. When the typhoons hit Taiwan with heavy rain, how to predict correct peak time and peak stage of rivers is the most important aim in this research. Taiwan Typhoon and Flood Research Institute will produce a rainfall forecasting every six hours for disaster warning, according to different physical parameters setting. The research site, Xiuguluan River is steepest one of Taiwan central rivers. By cross section data、land use、slope、soils and the rainfall forecasting, we can get results of each member by integrating the physically based on model HEC-HMS and WASH123D.

The research reveals that ensemble numerical modeling can predict precise peak stage of the river by analysis and correction by machine learning system TensorFlow. As for peak time forecasting, it becomes accurate by making use of the open social network information such as facebook、network news、PTT discussion to improve. Moreover, no matter peak time or peak stage, it has highly variation in members. In other words, no member is always the best of typhoons. But we can use the probability flood forecasting to predict and get the best results.
Real-Time Measurement Fault Detection and Remote-Control in a Mountain Water Supply System
Authors: Fellini Sofia , Vesipa Riccardo , Boano Fulvio , Ridolfi Luca
Published: September 2018

This work presents an algorithm for real-time fault detection in the SCADA system of a modern water supply system (WSS) in an Italian Alpine Valley. By means of both hardware and analytical redundancy, the proposed algorithm compares data and isolates faults on sensors through the residual analysis. Moreover, the algorithm performs a real- time selection of the most reliable measurements for the automated control of the WSS operations. A coupled model of the hydraulic and remote-control system was developed to test the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Simulations showed that error detection and measurement assessment are crucial for the safe operation of the WSS.
China National Flash Flood Disasters Investigation and Assessment
Authors: Zhang Xiaolei , Guo Liang , Liu Ronghua , Liu Qi , Yao Qiuling , Liu Yesen , Zhang Huili , Wang Yali , Zhou Rong
Published: September 2018

National Flash Flood Disasters Investigation and Assessment project is the largest non-engineering projects in water conservancy industry in China, and also the largest scale of general census on disasters’ background in flood management and mitigation fields. Through general census, on-site investigation, field measurement, hydrological analysis and calculation, the spatial distribution, human settlement, underground situations, social and economic impacts, hazard zoning, warning indicators of flash flood disasters were collected, the storm flood characters in mountainous areas were analyzed, the flood control ability of selected villages were assessed, the critical rainfall index of these villages were obtained, and the hazard zones were finally identified, all of which provided a strong information support for flash flood early-warning and forecast and residential safety transfer. This paper systematically introduced the key technical focuses, made a general review on the data and information collected, and discussed the spatial distribution pattern of these elements. Based on these survey data, the characteristics of flash flood disaster prevention areas, the human settlement features and storm flood spatial distribution situation were further analyzed. In the end of this paper, future application and analysis on diversified utilization of national flash flood disasters investigation and assessment results were proposed.
Predicting Accurate Urban Flooding from Nuisance Flows to Major Disasters
Authors: Gonzalez-Ramirez Noemi , Nardi Fernando , O'Brien James S.
Published: September 2018

Two-dimensional flood models are becoming increasing more accurate in simulating surface water flooding. Concurrently flood hazard maps have higher resolution to support flood mitigation planning. Most flood studies focus on large river flooding (~ 100-yr flood), but in urban areas, emergency access and evacuation routes are needed for frequent rainfall and flood events (< 10-yr return periods). Urban flooding is more complex than river margin flooding and requires significantly more model detail to accurate access risk and hazard for frequent storms. Urban flooding is an event characterized by its frequent repetitive and systematic impact on population and urban infrastructure. Detailed urban flood inundation is now being performed with spatially and temporally variable rainfall and infiltration, channel and street flow, hydraulic structures, surface water storm drain exchange, building loss of storage and flow obstruction, building collapse, levee/wall overtopping and collapse, groundwater flow, sediment scour/deposition and mudflows. In residential neighborhoods, shallow flooding is controlled by streets, buildings, walls and storm drain facilities. Several flood model details and their impact on shallow flooding are discussed including spatially variable storm intensities on pervious and impervious surfaces, surface water exchange with limited storm drain system capacity, and building roof runoff. Several predictive strategies are highlighted to simulate flooding from nuisance flows to major disasters.
Physical Habitat Simulation with ANFIS Method
Authors: Choi Sung-Uk , Im Dongkyun , Kim Seung Ki
Published: September 2018

This study presents physical habitat simulations to investigate the impact of weir removal on the composition of fish community in a river. The study site is a 900 m long reach in the Gongneung-cheon Stream in Korea, at the middle of which the weir was located. Fish monitoring revealed that lentic fishes were dominant before the weir removal, however lotic fishes became dominant after the weir removal. The ANFIS method, a data-driven method, was used for the habitat simulation with River2D for hydraulic simulation. The distribution of highly suitable portion for each fish species were given before and after weir removal. It was shown that the physical habitat simulation successfully predicts the change in the composition of fish community after the weir removal. The simulated results were compared with those from the knowledge- based model.
Extracting High Resolution Snow Distribution Information with Inexpensive Autonomous Cameras
Authors: Millet Pauline , Huwald Hendrik , Weijs Steven V.
Published: September 2018

This study details a procedure to derive high resolution snow cover information using low-cost autonomous cameras. Images from time lapse photography of target areas are used to obtain temporally resolved binary snow-covered area information. Various image processing steps, such as distortion correction, alignment, projection using the Digital Elevation Model (DEM), and classification using clustering are described. Several innovations, such as matching the mountain silhouette with the DEM, and application of specific filters are described to make this terrestrial remote sensing method generally applicable to derive valuable snow information.
Evaluation and Stochastic Simulation of Storm Precipitation for City Underground Utilities in Condition of Climate Change
Authors: Cavalli Alessandro , Ilinich Vitaliy , Lapushkin Maksim , Naumova Anna
Published: September 2018

The article is devoted to the modeling and estimation of the change in the maximum daily precipitation in the northern district of Moscow and the nearest Moscow suburbs against the background of changes in the average annual air temperatures and its average temperatures over the warm seasons. Special statistical methods used in hydrometeorology were used to assess changes. The obtained results indicate an increase in the calculated values of the hazardous precipitation and their occurrence frequency in the region during the last decades, which must be taken into account in the calculation of surface runoff for hydro- technical constructions and environmental objects. The special method of Monte-Carlo is offered for simulation of storm precipitation.
PUBs for Engineering Purpose: Framework Development and Case Study
Authors: Zhiyong Yang , Xichao Gao , Jiahong Liu
Published: September 2018

A framework of predictions in ungauged basins (PUBs, taking Paniai lakes watershed, Indonesia as an example) for hydropower exploration is developed. In this framework, remote sensing technology and similar watershed method are used to collect necessary meteorological and topographical data for runoff simulation. Besides, a modified physical based distributed hydrological model is developed to consider the characteristics (regulation capacity of the lakes) of the watershed. Finally, considering the modeling purpose, annual average runoff index is used to assess the modeling results. In the case study (Paniai lakes watershed), TRMM precipitation, HWSD soil type, and AVHRR landcover data, combined with meteorological data from two similar watersheds, are collected to drive the modified hydrological model. According to the model results, the simulated potential evapotranspiration capacities and annual average runoff coefficients are consistent between the two cases (modeling with meteorological data of the two similar watersheds), and the simulated annual average runoff coefficients of the two cases are basically consistent with the observed annual average runoff coefficient of another similar watershed located in Indonesia.
Water Energy Nexus in Urban Water Resources Allocation: A Case Study of Jinan City
Authors: Yang Zhaohui , Wang Hao , Du Jie , Shao Weiwei , Yang Guiyu
Published: September 2018

The water energy nexus– energy used for water – has received increasing attention in a changing world. With rapidly growing population and economic growth in urban areas, the demand of energy and water resources may subsequently rise. Since supply different water resources (such as transferred water and reclaimed water) requires different amount of energy, the city should perform a quantitative assessment of water energy nexus, and work out how to allocate various water resources to reduce urban energy consumption. Taking Jinan city as an example, this paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of using various types of water resources, predictions of the future trends in water use, and estimates unit electricity requirements for the supply of fresh water and the treatment of wastewater, and briefly depict the water energy nexus in the urban water resources allocation, and try to find a water resource - energy balance for the urban water allocation. This work would help to explore the water energy nexus for urban water resources management, and to optimize the allocation of water resources.
Automatic Calibration and Performance Evaluation of a Water Quality Model for a River Greatly Influenced by Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent
Authors: Cho Jae Heon , Lee Jong Ho
Published: September 2018

When manually calibrating a water quality model, considerable time and attention are required to calibrate each water quality variable and model parameter. Hence, developing an automated model that allows for efficient and objective automatic calibration is highly desirable. The QUAL2Kw model calibrates the QUAL2K model automatically using a genetic algorithm (GA). As the calibration results of a GA vary strongly with the performance criteria used as the objective function in GA optimization problems, this study compares and analyzes auto-calibration results and selects the optimal criterion for each objective from among 6 performance criteria: CV(RMSE), R2, NSE, PBIAS, RSR, and SSNR. Additionally, a multi-objective auto-calibration was conducted using two kinds of performance statistics as the objective function of the GA. The auto-calibration model was applied to the Youngsan River in Korea. The TMDL was established to achieve water quality goals at specific target points. Among the 6 auto-calibration results based on a single performance criterion, NSE was the best criterion for calculating fitness through auto-calibration. When the calibration accuracies of the TMDL target points and the entire river are considered simultaneously, an objective function using multiple performance criteria, specifically CV(RMSE) and RSR, was selected as the final auto-calibration of the model.