bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outpatient’s Satisfaction Analysis of Pharmaceutical Service in Pharmacy Installation in Reksodiwiryo Hospital Padang
Authors: Aryati Mela , Almasdy Deddy , Yetti Husna , Desra Aldino
Published: September 2022

Background: Currently, Indonesia's health development began to emphasize improving the quality of health care, where service quality should be oriented to customer satisfaction to continue to exist during global competition. This study aims to determine the level of satisfaction of outpatients at the depot pharmacy installation at Reksodiwiryo Padang Hospital. Method: This research is a cross-sectional study design. Sampling was carried out from February to March 2022 with a sample of 425 people using the accidental sampling technique. Data were analyzed using univariate and Cartesian diagrams. The sample is outpatient in pharmacy installation Reksodiwiryo Padang. Result: Patients are dissatisfied with all dimensions, there is the tangibles dimension (70.6%), the reliability dimension (66.1%), the responsiveness dimension (57.4%), the assurance dimension (49.6%), and dimensions of empathy (38.8%). In the Cartesian diagram analysis, the most questions were category B, then C, A and finally D. There are two attributes involved in quadrant A, there is the punctuality of the officers in serving and the drug items are always available. Conclusion: Most of the respondents expressed dissatisfaction with the services received at the pharmacy installation of the Reksodiwiryo Hospital. The hospital management can refer to the cartesian diagram analysis to prioritize better improvement.
Two-mode photon added Schrödinger cat states: nonclassicality and entanglement
Authors: Swain S. Nibedita , Jha Yashovardhan , Panigrahi Prasanta K.
Published: September 2022

The concept of a photon added two-mode Schrödinger cat state in which both modes are independent is introduced, and their nonclassical properties and entanglement are studied. The introduced states emerge as eigenstates of

f
1

f
2

a
1

a
2

, where

f
1

,

f
2

are nonlinear functions of the number operator, and

a
1

,

a
2

are annihilation operators. We study the evolution of these states under canonical transformation using the parity operator for the case of standard coherent states of the harmonic oscillator. The nonclassical properties of these states are evaluated especially by considering sub-Poissonian photon statistics and photon number distribution. Interestingly, the addition of photons leads to shifting the region in which photon number distribution shows oscillatory behavior. In addition, the entanglement of introduced states is quantitatively analyzed using concurrence. We observe that the state approaches maximum entanglement more rapidly after the addition of photons.
Metal-insulator-metal strip spectroscopic infrared photothermal absorber based on uniaxially oriented plasmonic lanthanum hexaboride films
Authors: Tran Phuoc Toan , Ngo Thien Duc , Ngo Hai Dang , Handegård Ørjan Sele , Nagao Tadaaki
Published: September 2022

We report the fabrication of a mid-infrared device using LaB6 – Al2O3 – LaB6 trilayers, with an array of LaB6 strips as the top layer. Uniaxially oriented lanthanum hexaboride (LaB6) films self-organized in a (100) orientation were adopted together with a lithographic process using laser direct writing followed by reactive ion etching. The fabricated infrared absorbers based on our electromagnetic design exhibited excellent resonant absorption and flexible tunability by changing the periodicity and width of the top LaB6 strips. We examined the performance of epitaxial and sputtered LaB6 films by fabricating two different types of absorbers using sputtered LaB6(100) and epitaxial LaB6(100) films for the bottom mirror layers. Owing to a difference in crystallinity, the latter exhibited a lower background in the absorption spectra as well as in the thermal emission spectra, indicating its good spectral selectivity.
Subaquatic indirect laser ablation technique for glass processing
Authors: Gómez-Varela Ana I. , Sanchez Raúl , Carnero Bastián , Diaz-Gomez Luis , Flores-Arias M. Teresa , Bao-Varela Carmen
Published: September 2022

Subaquatic indirect Laser-Induced Plasma-Assisted Ablation (SLIPAA) is proposed as a laser-based technique for glass processing. In this configuration, a water layer is added between a metallic target and a soda-lime glass substrate, so the processing of the glass is due to a combination of the ablation mechanism, the shock waves, and the cavitation bubbles. Thus, this method makes it possible to produce higher depth structures than those performed up to now by other standard laser techniques based on ablation, achieving structures in glass with rectangular cross-sectional profiles. Channels of 1 mm width are fabricated, reaching an average maximal depth value of almost 1400 µm at 30 passes of the laser beam while keeping the focal position fixed. Furthermore, the difference between processing the material with and without the addition of the water layer is presented. The influence of the processing parameters on the shape and quality of the fabricated structures is studied by optical and confocal microscopy, microcomputed tomography, and scanning electron microscopy. Compositional analysis of the glass is performed by energy dispersive X-ray technique to assess the transference of material from the metallic target to the fabricated channels. Deeper and more complex structures are obtained by refocusing the laser beam on the target and adding a pulsed flowing water film.
Dual color, frequency, pulse duration and shape agile laser system for particle spectroscopy and manipulation
Authors: Bak Junhwi , Randolph Robert , Gerakis Alexandros
Published: September 2022

A dual color, frequency and pulse duration agile laser system, capable of delivering laser pulses in arbitrary temporal profiles with ∼1 ns to ∼1 µs pulse duration, chirping rates of ∼27 MHz/ns with an achievable chirping range of several GHz across the pulse duration, and with energies ranging from a few nJ to hundreds of mJ per pulse has been developed. The flexibility and capability of this laser system provide a wide range of laser parameters that can be exploited to optimize operational conditions in various experiments ranging from laser diagnostics to spectroscopy and optical manipulation of matter. The developed system is successfully demonstrated to obtain coherent Rayleigh-Brillouin scattering (CRBS) in both single and dual color configuration, in an effort to expand the non-intrusive accessibility towards lower pressure regime for neutral gas and plasma diagnostics.
Ultra-compact displacement and vibration sensor with a sub-nanometric resolution based on Talbot effect of optical microgratings
Authors: Xin Chenguang , Yang Zhiyong , Qi Jie , Niu Qianqi , Ma Xiaochen , Fan Changjiang , Li Mengwei
Published: September 2022

Based on Talbot effect of optical microgratings, we report an ultra-compact sensor for displacement and vibration measurement with resolution down to sub-nanometer level. With no need of optical components such as reflectors, splitters, polarizers, and wave plates, the proposed sensor based on a common-path structure shows a high compactness. Using gratings with period of 3 µm, displacement measurement within a range of 1 mm is demonstrated experimentally. Associated with an interpolation circuit with subdividing factor of 4096, a resolution of 0.73 nm is obtained. The experimental results also show the ability for the sensor to detect in-plane vibration with frequency below 900 Hz. With a sub-nanometer resolution and an ultra-compact structure, the miniature sensor shows potential in applications such as high-precision machinery manufacturing and semiconductor processing.
Three-dimensional computational ghost imaging using a dynamic virtual projection unit generated by Risley prisms
Authors: Zhang Haoyu , Cao Jie , Zhou Dong , Cui Huan , Cheng Yang , Hao Qun
Published: September 2022

Computational ghost imaging (CGI) using stereo vision is able to achieve three-dimensional (3D) imaging by using multiple projection units or multiple bucket detectors which are separated spatially. We present a compact 3D CGI system that consists of Risley prisms, a stationary projection unit and a bucket detector. By rotating double prisms to various angles, speckle patterns appear to be projected by a dynamic virtual projection unit at different positions and multi-view ghost images are obtained for 3D imaging. In the process of reconstruction, a convolutional neural network (CNN) for super-resolution (SR) is adopted to enhance the angular resolution of reconstructed images. Moreover, an optimized 3D CNN is implemented for disparity estimation and 3D reconstruction. The experimental results validate the effectiveness of the method and indicate that the compact system with flexibility has potential in applications such as navigation and detection.
Self-calibration interferometric stitching test method for cylindrical surfaces
Authors: Hu Hao , Sun Zizhou , Xue Shuai , Guan Chaoliang , Dai Yifan , Liu Junfeng , Peng Xiaoqiang , Chen Shanyong , Liu Yong
Published: September 2022

The surface figure accuracy requirement of cylindrical surfaces widely used in rotors of gyroscope, spindles of ultra-precision machine tools and high-energy laser systems is nearly 0.1 µm. Cylindricity measuring instrument that obtains 1-D profile result cannot be utilized for deterministic figuring methods. Interferometric stitching test for cylindrical surfaces utilizes a CGH of which the system error will accumulated to unacceptable extent for large aperture/angular aperture that require many subapertures. To this end, a self-calibration interferometric stitching method for cylindrical surfaces is proposed. The mathematical model of cylindrical surface figure and the completeness condition of self-calibration stitching test of cylindrical surfaces were analyzed theoretically. The effects of shear/stitching motion error and the subapertures lattice on the self-calibration test results were analyzed. Further, a self-calibration interferometric stitching algorithm that can theoretically recover all the necessary components of the system error for testing cylindrical surfaces was proposed. Simulations and experiments on a shaft were conducted to validate the feasibility.
Optical coherence elastography based on inverse compositional Gauss-Newton digital volume correlation with second-order shape function
Authors: Wu Hao , Wang Jiaqiu , Amaya Catano Jorge Alberto , Sun Cuiru , Li Zhiyong
Published: September 2022

A digital volume correlation (DVC)-based optical coherence elastography (OCE) method with inverse compositional Gauss-Newton (IC-GN) algorithm and second-order shape function is presented in this study. The systematic measurement errors of displacement and strain from our OCE method were less than 0.2 voxel and 4 × 10−4, respectively. Second-order shape function could better match complex deformation and decrease speckle rigidity-induced error. Compared to conventional methods, our OCE method could track a larger strain range up to 0.095 and reduce relative error by 30-50%. This OCE method has the potential to become an effective tool in characterising mechanical properties of biological tissue.
High-order orbital angular momentum mode conversion based on a chiral long period fiber grating inscribed in a ring core fiber
Authors: Huang Zheng , Bai Zhiyong , Liu Rui , Wu Luping , Ran Jianjun , Chen Zikai , Zhu Guoxuan , Liu Shen , Liao Changrui , Wang Yiping
Published: September 2022

A chiral long period fiber grating (CLPFG) was designed according to the phase-matching condition and conservation law of angular momentum, and was inscribed in a ring core fiber (RCF). This CLPFG was used to directly excite the ±2nd- and ±3rd-order orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes. The coupling efficiency of the OAM mode is up to 98.7% and the insertion loss is within 0.5 dB. The uniformity of the annular mode intensity distribution, polarization characteristics, and the mode purity of coupled OAM modes were investigated in detail. Results show that the coupled high-order OAM modes possess a relative uniform annular intensity distribution, its mode purity is up to 93.2%, and the helical phase modulation is independent on the polarization state of incident light. These results indicate that the RCF-based CLPFG is an ideal OAM mode converter for future high-capacity optical fiber communication systems.
Super-compact shearography based on a single diffractive optical element with 3-in-1 phase mask
Authors: Wang Shengjia , Gao Shuai , Tang Hao , Xiong Wenze , Yan Yunxiang , Geng Tao , Koch Alexander W. , Salazar-Bloise Félix , Gao Zhan , Sun Weimin
Published: September 2022

This Letter communicates a new, to the best of our knowledge, designing framework of shearography. The three elementary functional parts of quantitative shearography, namely imaging, shearing, and phase shifting, are integrated into a single diffractive optical element (DOE), named a 3-in-1 phase mask. The idea breaks through the conventional designing routine of shearography, and converts it from the combination of individual optical elements to the spatial manipulation of phase. The slicing, splicing, and alternating strategy is proposed to generate the 3-in-1 phase mask from a given number of sequenced Fresnel lenses and a modified echelle grating. The operating component is merely a DOE, which renders the optics naturally coaxial. The delivered shearography system enjoys a super-compact configuration, a high level of robustness and stability, and the potential for implementing outside optics laboratories. Crucial system parameters, e.g., shear amount, shear direction, working distance, can be readily shifted on call by re-making the 3-in-1 phase mask. The future of the present idea is in its shape and seems promising with lithography, micromachining, and metasurfaces.
Continuous-wave and passively Q-switched pulse Yb:Ca3TaGa3Si2O14 lasers at 1.0 µm
Authors: Xiao Hanyu , Han Baikun , Huang Yidong , Lin Yanfu , Huang Jianhua , Gong Xinghong , Luo Zundu , Chen Yujin
Published: September 2022

Diode-pumped continuous-wave and passively Q-switched pulse Yb:Ca3TaGa3Si2O14 lasers are reported. At an absorbed pump power of 5.4 W, a 1046.4 nm continuous-wave laser with an output power of 3.24 W and a slope efficiency of 63.4% was obtained. When a Cr4+:YAG saturable absorber with an initial transmission of 95% was used, a 1015.2 nm passively Q-switched pulse laser with a repetition frequency of 5.43 kHz, energy of about 73.6 µJ, duration of 35 ns, and peak output power of 2.1 kW was demonstrated.
Chromatin remodeler Dmp18 regulates apoptosis by controlling H2Av incorporation in Drosophila imaginal disc development
Authors: Feng Ying , Zhang Yan , Lin Zhiqing , Ye Xiaolei , Lin Xue , Lv Lixiu , Lin Yi , Sun Shenfei , Qi Yun , Lin Xinhua
Published: September 2022

Programmed Cell Death (PCD) or apoptosis is a highly conserved biological process and plays essential roles both in the development and stress context. InDrosophila, expression of pro-apoptotic genes, includingreaper (rpr),head involution defective (hid),grim, andsickle(skl), is sufficient to induce cell death. Here, we demonstrate that the chromatin remodeler Dmp18, the homolog of mammalian Znhit1, plays a crucial role in regulating apoptosis in eye and wing development. We showed that loss ofDmp18disrupted eye and wing development, up-regulated transcription of pro-apoptotic genes, and induced apoptosis. Inhibition of apoptosis suppressed the eye defects caused byDmp18deletion. Furthermore, loss ofDmp18disrupted H2Av incorporation into chromatin, promoted H3K4me3, but reduced H3K27me3 modifications on the TSS regions of pro-apoptotic genes. These results indicate that Dmp18 negatively regulates apoptosis by mediating H2Av incorporation and histone H3 modifications at pro-apoptotic gene loci for transcriptional regulation. Our study uncovers the role of Dmp18 in regulating apoptosis inDrosophilaeye and wing development and provides insights into chromatin remodeling regulating apoptosis at the epigenetic levels.
A genome-wide CRISPR screen identifies DPM1 as a modifier of DPAGT1 deficiency and ER stress
Authors: Dalton Hans M. , Viswanatha Raghuvir , Brathwaite Roderick , Zuno Jae Sophia , Berman Alexys R. , Rushforth Rebekah , Mohr Stephanie E. , Perrimon Norbert , Chow Clement Y.
Published: September 2022

Partial loss-of-function mutations in glycosylation pathways underlie a set of rare diseases called Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation (CDGs). In particular, DPAGT1-CDG is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the first step in N-glycosylation, DPAGT1, and this disorder currently lacks effective therapies. To identify potential therapeutic targets for DPAGT1-CDG, we performed CRISPR knockout screens in Drosophila cells for genes associated with better survival and glycoprotein levels under DPAGT1 inhibition. We identified hundreds of candidate genes that may be of therapeutic benefit. Intriguingly, inhibition of the mannosyltransferase Dpm1, or its downstream glycosylation pathways, could rescue two in vivo models of DPAGT1 inhibition and ER stress, even though impairment of these pathways alone usually causes CDGs. While both in vivo models ostensibly cause cellular stress (through DPAGT1 inhibition or a misfolded protein), we found a novel difference in fructose metabolism that may indicate glycolysis as a modulator of DPAGT1-CDG. Our results provide new therapeutic targets for DPAGT1-CDG, include the unique finding of Dpm1-related pathways rescuing DPAGT1 inhibition, and reveal a novel interaction between fructose metabolism and ER stress.
Comparative and evolutionary analysis of Arabidopsis RIN4-like/NOI proteins induced by herbivory
Authors: Contreras Estefania , Martinez Manuel
Published: September 2022

The spider miteTetranychus urticaeis an economically important agricultural pest, which feeds on a broad spectrum of plant species. In an RNAseq experiment performed in our laboratory, 4 of the 15 members of the RIN4-like/NOI family ofArabidopsis thalianawere significantly overexpressed afterT.urticaeinfestation. Two of them (NOI3 and NOI5) are shorter and harbour one NOI domain, which characterises this family, and the other two (NOI10 and NOI11) have two-NOI domains. The only member of this family characterized is RIN4, a two-NOI intrinsically disordered protein anchored to the plasma membrane and involved in plant defence against bacterial pathogens. The function of all other members of the RIN4-like/NOIArabidopsisfamily and their putative role in herbivore defence remains unknown. We perform a comparative genomic analysis of RIN4-like/NOI sequences to study the evolutionary features of this protein family and the distribution of its members among species. We show that short one-NOI proteins were more numerous and exhibited lower disorder propensity compared to two-NOI members. NOI10 and NOI11, from the two-NOI group, are included in a clade-specific expansion of Brassicaceae with unique predicted posttranslational modification sites and clear predicted structural differences from RIN4. Our analysis suggests that the members of the RIN4-like/NOI family upregulated after mite feeding have novel functions different from those assigned to RIN4, likely involving adaptation to stress specialisation.
Symptom burden according to dialysis day of the week in three times a week haemodialysis patients
Authors: Hnynn Si Pann Ei , Gair Rachel , Barnes Tania , Dunn Louese , Lee Sonia , Ariss Steven , Walters Stephen J. , Wilkie Martin , Fotheringham James
Published: September 2022

Background

Haemodialysis patients experience significant symptom burden and effects on health-related quality of life. Studies have shown increases in fluid overload, hospitalization and mortality immediately after the long interdialytic interval in thrice weekly in-centre haemodialysis patients, however the relationship between the dialytic interval and patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) has not been quantified and the extent to which dialysis day of PROM completion needs to be standardised is unknown.

Methods

Three times a week haemodialysis patients participating in a stepped wedge trial to increase patient participation in haemodialysis tasks completed PROMs (POS-S Renal symptom score and EQ-5D-5L) at recruitment, six, 12 and 18 months. Time from the long interdialytic interval, HD day of the week, and HD days vs non-HD days were included in mixed effects Linear Regression, estimating severity (none to overwhelming treated as 0 to 4) of 17 symptoms and EQ-5D-5L, adjusting for age, sex, time on HD, control versus intervention and Charlson Comorbidity Score.

Results

517 patients completed 1659 YHS questionnaires that could be assigned HD day (510 on Mon/Tue/Sun, 549 on Wed/Thu/Tue, 308 on Fri/Sat/Thu and 269 on non-HD days). With the exception of restless legs and skin changes, there was no statistically significant change in symptom severity or EQ-5D-5L with increasing time from the long interdialytic interval. Patients who responded on non-HD days had higher severity of poor appetite, constipation, difficulty sleeping, poor mobility and depression (approximately 0.2 severity level), and lower EQ-5D-5L (-0.06, CI -0.09 to -0.03) compared to HD days.

Conclusions

Measuring symptom severity and EQ-5D-5L in haemodialysis populations does not need to account for dialysis schedule, but completion either on HD or non-HD days could introduce bias that may impact evaluation of interventions. Researchers should ensure completion of these instruments are standardized on either dialysis or non-dialysis days.
Preservation of microscopic fur, feather, and bast fibers in the Mesolithic ochre grave of Majoonsuo, Eastern Finland
Authors: Kirkinen Tuija , López-Costas Olalla , Martínez Cortizas Antonio , Sihvo Sanna P. , Ruhanen Hanna , Käkelä Reijo , Nyman Jan-Erik , Mikkola Esa , Rantanen Janne , Hertell Esa , Ahola Marja , Roiha Johanna , Mannermaa Kristiina
Published: September 2022

The study of animal and plant fibers related to grave furnishing, garments, and grave goods in thousands-of-year-old burials provides new insights into these funerary practices. Their preservation presupposes favorable conditions, where bacterial and fungal activity is at a minimum, as in anaerobic, wet, salty, arid, or frozen environments. The extreme acidic-soil environments (i.e., podzols) of Finland pose a challenge when it comes to studying funerary deposits, as human remains are rarely found. However, its potential to preserve microparticles allows us to approach the funerary event from a totally different point of view. Here, we present the first multiproxy analyses of a Mesolithic deposit from Finland. A red-ochre burial of a child found in Majoonsuo is studied by analyzing 1) microscopic fibers, 2) fatty acids, and 3) physical-chemical (CIELab color, pH, grain size) properties of 60 soil samples and associated materials. The microscopic fibers evidenced the remains of waterfowl downy feathers, a falcon feather fragment, canid and small rodent hairs as well as bast fibers. These could have been used in furnishing the grave and as ornaments or clothes. Canid hairs could belong to a dog inhumation, or more likely to canid fur used as grave good/clothes. Samples with microparticles have more long-chain and unsaturated fatty acids, although animal species identification was not possible. Soil properties indicate that the burial was made in the local soil, adding homogeneous red ochre and removing the coarser material; no bioturbation was found. The highly acidic sandy soil, together with a slight increase in finer particles when ochre is abundant, probably resulted in micro-scale, anoxic conditions that prevented bacterial attack. This study reveals the first animal hairs and feathers from a Finnish Mesolithic funerary context, and provides clues about how their preservation was possible.
Construction of new solutions of Korteweg-de Vries Caudrey-Dodd-Gibbon equation using two efficient integration methods
Authors: Arshed Saima , Akram Ghazala , Sadaf Maasoomah , Saeed Komal
Published: September 2022

Korteweg-de Vries Caudrey-Dodd-Gibbon (KdV-CDG) equation describes many physical phenomena in plasma physics, optical fibers, dynamics of the ocean, quantum mechanics, acoustic waves and laser optical applications. In this paper, the KdV-CDG equation is analyzed via two reliable and efficient integrating approaches. The suggested techniques; the extended G ′ G 2-expansion method and exponential (ψ(ξ))-expansion method successfully extract hyperbolic function solutions, trigonometric function solutions and rational function solutions. The existence criteria for all the obtained solutions are also discussed in this paper. At the end, various 3D and 2D contour plots have been constructed for better understanding of constructed solutions.
Experimental natural transmission (seeder pig) models for reproduction of swine dysentery
Authors: Parra-Aguirre Juan , Nosach Roman , Fernando Champika , Hill Janet E. , Wilson Heather L. , Harding John C. S.
Published: September 2022

Swine dysentery is causally associated withBrachyspira hampsoniiandB.hyodysenteriaeinfection. Given the importance of transmission models in understanding re-emergent diseases and developing control strategies such as vaccines, the objective of this experiment was to evaluate two experimental natural transmission (seeder pig) models in grower pigs, each with 24 animals. Seeder pigs were intragastrically inoculated using broth cultures of eitherB.hampsoniistrain 30446 (genomovar II) orB.hyodysenteriaestrain G44. In trial 1, three seeder pigs were placed into two pens containing nine susceptible contact pigs creating a 1:3 seeder:contact ratio. This was sufficient to achieve naturalB.hampsoniiinfection of 13/18 (72%) contact pigs, however, the incidence of mucoid or mucohemorrhagic diarrhea (MMHD) in contact pigs differed significantly between pens (4/9 versus 9/9;P= 0.03). In trial 2, eight seeder pigs inoculated intragastrically withB.hampsoniidid not develop MMHD but when re-inoculated withB.hyodysenteriae14 days later, all developed mucohemorrhagic diarrhea within 13 days of re-inoculation. Two seeder pigs were placed into each of 4 contact pens each containing 4 pigs. This 1:2 seeder:contact ratio resulted in natural infection of 14/16 (87%) contact pigs with incubation period ranging from 9–15 days. There were no significant differences among pens in incubation period, duration, clinical period or severity of diarrhea. These trials demonstrated that a 1:2 seeder:contact ratio with groups of six grower pigs per pen sustained natural transmission ofB.hyodysenteriaeG44 with greater consistency in the incidence of MMHD among pens compared to aB.hampsonii30446 transmission model using 1:3 seeder:contact ratio in pens of 12. Understanding whyB.hampsoniiintragastric inoculation failed in one experiment warrants additional research.
Genetic polymorphisms of muscular fitness in young healthy men
Authors: Venckunas Tomas , Degens Hans
Published: September 2022

The effects of genetic polymorphisms on muscle structure and function remain elusive. The present study tested for possible associations of 16 polymorphisms (across ten candidate genes) with fittness and skeletal muscle phenotypes in 17- to 37-year-old healthy Caucasian male endurance (n = 86), power/strength (n = 75) and team athletes (n = 60), and non-athletes (n = 218). Skeletal muscle function was measured with eight performance tests covering multiple aspects of muscular fitness. Along with body mass and height, the upper arm and limb girths, and maximal oxygen uptake were measured. Genotyping was conducted on DNA extracted from blood. Of the 16 polymorphisms studied, nine (spanning seven candidate genes and four gene families/signalling pathways) were independently associated with at least one skeletal muscle fitness measure (size or function, or both) measure and explained up to 4.1% of its variation. Five of the studied polymorphisms (activin- and adreno-receptors, as well as myosine light chain kinase 1) in a group of one to three combined with body height, age and/or group explained up to 20.4% of the variation of muscle function. ACVR1B (rs2854464) contributed 2.0–3.6% to explain up to 14.6% of limb proximal girths. The G allele (genotypes AG and GG) of the ACVR1B (rs2854464) polymorphism was significantly overrepresented among team (60.4%) and power (62.0%) athletes compared to controls (52.3%) and endurance athletes (39.2%), and G allele was also most consistently/frequently associated with muscle size and power. Overall, the investigated polymorphisms determined up to 4.1% of the variability of muscular fitness in healthy young humans.
Perspectives from designated family caregivers of critically ill adult patients during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative interview study
Authors: Moss Stephana J. , Krewulak Karla D. , Stelfox Henry T. , Patten Scott B. , Doig Christopher J. , Parsons Leigh Jeanna , Fiest Kirsten M.
Published: September 2022

Background

Family visitation in intensive care units (ICU) has been impacted by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) pandemic. While studies report on perceptions of families completely restricted from ICUs, little is known about the burden experienced by designated family caregivers allowed to visit their critically ill loved one. This study sought the perspectives of family caregivers of critically ill patients on the impact of one-person designated visitor policies mandated in ICUs during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

Throughout the study period a restricted visitation policy was mandated capturing the first (April 2020) and second (December 2020) waves of the pandemic that allowed one designated family caregiver (i.e., spouses or adult children) per patient to visit the ICU. Designated family caregivers of critically ill patients admitted to ICU September 2020 to November 2020 took part in individual 60-minute, semi-structured interviews at 6-months after discharge from the index ICU admission. Themes from family interviews were summarized with representative quotations.

Results

Key themes identified following thematic analysis from six participants included: one visitor rule, patient advocate role, information needs, emotional distress, strategies for coping with challenges, practicing empathy, and appreciation of growth.

Conclusion

Designated family caregivers of critically ill patients admitted to ICU during the COVID-19 pandemic perceived a complex and highly stressful experience. Support from ICU family liaisons and psychologists may help ameliorate the impact.
Editorial
Authors: Neto Margarida Sobral , Figueiredo Lopes Maria Antónia
Published: September 2022

A Revista Portuguesa de História é um periódico científico que se situa na área da História acolhendo, principalmente, artigos de História Nacional e do Império Português, mas também estudos sobre outros países. No presente tomo publicam-se artigos de historiadores portugueses e de outros países, nomeadamente espanhóis, alemães, chineses e brasileiros, o que expressa a sua forte internacionalização. Desde a sua criação, em 1941, a RPH tem-se distinguido pela qualidade dos seus artigos. Sinal do reconhecimento do seu mérito foi a integração na última década nas principais plataformas internacionais e a passagem, na última atualização do Índice SJR (Scimago Journal & Country Rank), do quarto para o segundo nível do ranking mundial (Q2).Este periódico está apostado em seguir as tendências historiográficas atuais – em termos de temas, metodologias, modelos explicativos e escalas: o local e o global, o nacional e o transnacional –, como se comprova pelo conteúdo dos artigos publicados neste volume. Numa visão panorâmica do conteúdo do volume 53 da RPH destacam-se os seguintes campos:
Sobre bombas e deportações
Authors: De Oliveira Eduardo
Published: September 2022

Entre novembro de 1918 e março de 1921, 69 bombas explodiram no Rio de Janeiro, provocando sete mortes e 50 feridos. Na maioria dos casos (30), os alvos foram padarias, mas vários outros estabelecimentos comerciais e prédios públicos também foram atingidos. A autoria dos atentados, na maior parte dos casos, não foi descoberta. Mas a polícia apontou o vínculo entre as explosões e a militância anarquista, fortemente vinculada às associações sindicais. As investigações também apontaram o protagonismo de imigrantes, principalmente portugueses que, sob a acusação de anarquismo, foram deportados. Eles seriam 37 dos 59 estrangeiros deportados por delito político entre 1919 e 1921. Pesquisas sobre tais eventos, efetuadas na documentação do Ministério da Justiça, mapearam o fenômeno, mas a leitura de jornais de época apontam novas (e eventualmente discrepantes) informações sobre o papel dos anarquistas, bem como o protagonismo dos proletários portugueses, na maior onda de atentados já testemunhada na então capital do Brasil.
Palabras que se lleva el río. Historia oral y memoria léxica de las actividades productivas en el Guadalquivir
Authors: López López Juan de Dios , Alcalde Sánchez Ignacio
Published: September 2022

El artículo presenta el proceso de elaboración de un vocabulario sobre las actividades productivas que se daban a mediados del siglo XX en el curso medio del río Guadalquivir, a su paso por Córdoba, Andalucía. El objetivo de este repertorio léxico es mostrar la relevancia cultural de los vocablos seleccionados para comprender los relatos orales producidos en torno a dicho contexto histórico y geográfico. El vocabulario, incluido en el anexo, ha sido elaborado a partir de un conjunto de entrevistas biográficas realizadas en un proyecto sobre el patrimonio industrial de la ciudad, en el que participaban los autores de este texto en calidad de etnógrafos y antropólogos. En el artículo se analiza cómo el proceso de transcripción de las entrevistas influyó en la decisión del elaborar dicho vocabulario y cómo se seleccionaron los lemas. Como muestra, se analiza en profundidad una de las voces incluidas en el vocabulario, la forma vernácula súa. Finalmente, se reflexiona sobre la posible utilidad social de este vocabulario y su posible estatus patrimonial. En este sentido, se justifica la necesidad de la documentación de estas particularidades léxicas y se señalan las paradojas y riesgos asociados a perspectivas patrimoniales excesivamente conservacionistas.
Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) Combined with Fine Needle Biopsy (FNB) in the Diagnosis and Subclassification of Deep-Seated Lymphomas - Report of a Case Series and Review of Literature
Authors: Deepak Johnson  , Ajitha Kumari  , Asha Punnoose  , Sany Philip  , George Chandy Mattethra
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND

Evaluation of intra-abdominal/intrathoracic lymphadenopathy in the absence of enlarged peripheral nodes has always been a challenging problem for clinicians, especially with unfavourable general conditions of the patient where surgical interventions are difficult. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided FNA has been used for the last two decades for tissue acquisition from patients with such deep-seated lesions. But its use in the diagnosis of lymphoma has always been challenging. However, the addition of fine needle core biopsy into this procedure has given promising results. In this study, we wanted to evaluate the effectiveness of EUS-FNA/FNB as an alternative to invasive open surgical procedures.

METHODS

We exhibit a case series of 6 patients who presented with mediastinal and/ or intraabdominal lymphadenopathy in whom EUS-FNA & FNB were done simultaneously to obtain tissue for histological and ancillary studies.

RESULTS

Clinically these lymph nodes were detected by CECT and there was no peripheral lymphadenopathy. In this case series, we were able to make a diagnosis of lymphoma in all 6 cases. With the help of immunohistochemistry, 2 cases were further classified into Hodgkin’s lymphoma and one case was diagnosed as ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma. All three patients underwent treatment from our hospital and are on follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS

Our experience with this case series report suggests that EUS-FNA/FNB is a minimally invasive procedure which can be tried effectively as an alternative to invasive open surgical procedures.
Water depths and nitrogen rates on sugarcane growth and dry biomass accumulation
Authors: Andrea Raquel Fernandes Carlos Costa  , Monalisa Soares Costa  , Mário Monteiro Rolim  , Gerônimo Ferreira da Silva  , Djalma Euzébio Simões Neto  , Manassés Mesquita da Silva
Published: September 2022

Irrigation and soil fertilization management are essential agricultural practices that improve the growth and development of sugarcane plants and, consequently, increase their production capacity, which is important for sugar and alcohol productions. In this context, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of water depths and nitrogen rates on the growth and dry biomass accumulation of sugarcane plants. The treatments consisted in four water depths (1,498; 1,614; 1,739; and 1,854 mm), five nitrogen rates (0; 20; 40; 80; and 120 kg ha-1) and five evaluation times. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with a split-split-plot arrangement and four replications, including the factors water depths, nitrogen rates, and days after planting. The dry biomasses of the plant pointer, leaves and culms, culm diameter, plant height, and number of plants were analyzed. The application of nitrogen increased the sugarcane biomass, mainly the pointer (with leaves) and dry culm biomass, and the number of plants. The highest dry culm biomass accumulation and dry leaf biomass were found at the end of the crop cycle for the treatment with the application of nitrogen rates of 80 and 120 kg ha-1. The increases in water depths applied increased the number of plants per linear meter, but the culm and dry leaf biomass did not happen.
Nitrogen and carbon metabolism evaluation in paricá plants subjected to different cadmium concentrations
Authors: Nogueira Glauco André dos Santos , Brito Ana Ecídia de Araújo , Resende Vitor Nascimento , Albuquerque Gerson Diego Pamplona , Amarantes Cristine Bastos do , Oliveira Job Teixeira de , Silva Priscilla Andrade , Neto Cândido Ferreira de Oliveira
Published: September 2022

The development of anthropogenic activities such as industry, mining, agriculture, urban waste discard has been, the main actions that result in increased contamination by heavy metals in soil, water and air. One of the most harmful metals made available by these activities is cadmium, and even at low concentrations it is very toxic mainly in plant structures. The objective of this work was to verify the biochemical behavior of nitrogen and carbon metabolism in young plants of paricá when submitted to increasing cadmium application. For this, a completely randomized experiment was carried out with five treatments (control, CdCl2 178 μM, CdCl2 356 μM, CdCl2 534 μM, CdCl2 712 μM), with seven replicates, totaling 35 experimental units. The sensitivity of this vegetable to the increasing concentrations of cadmium was evident. The root system it presents’’ saw where the most toxic element accumulated, solutes such as carbohydrates, sucrose were affected in their concentrations, mainly in the leaves. The root system saw in its concentrations of glycine betaine a possibility of osmoprotection, but this did not reflect an increase in the concentration of nitrate in both leaf and roots. In the other hand, this fact not observed by the concentration of ammonium that increased in the root system. The results showed that the cadmium was transported to aerial part, however, concentrated mainly in the root system characterizing as a phytoextractor species.
Análise de Discurso Crítica
Authors: Resende Ottoni Maria Aparecida , Maciel Lilian Lima , Silva Luana Alves
Published: September 2022

Pretende-se demonstrar neste artigo uma análise dos diferentes tratamentos que são dados pela mídia e pelo Estado aos dependentes químicos, dependendo da sua posição sócioeconômica. O corpus analisado constitui-se de um artigo de opinião intitulado “Inversão de valores...” postado no blog http://diegonovaes.blogspot.com. Apoiaremos-nos em aportes teóricos que colocaram o discurso como um momento da prática social capaz de promover mudanças. Logo são as práticas e estruturas sociais que determinam as escolhas linguísticas do nosso discurso, ao mesmo tempo em que as práticas e as estruturas são influenciadas pelo nosso discurso. Essa reflexão trazida por Chouliaraki e Fairclough é o ponto de partida para o enquadre teórico-metodológico de 1999. O objetivo é refletir sobre as mudanças sociais contemporâneas e as globais de larga escala. Verificamos nesse artigo de Diego Novaes lutas hegemônicas em que os grupos sociais relatados tentam se colocar ideologicamente sobre o outro e é necessário considerar o papel dos agentes sociais que, conforme suas características específicas, como a posição social, influência da mídia, constroem articulações entre as estruturas da prática e seus eventos.
Modelowe rozwiązania w zakresie organizacji i funkcjonowania polskiego narodowego (centralnego) komitetu bioetyki
Authors: Wnukiewicz-Kozłowska Agata , Borysowski Jan
Published: September 2022

W wielu państwach funkcjonują narodowe/centralne komitety bioetyki, których rolą jest monitorowanie i opiniowanie aktualnych problemów bioetycznych pojawiających się ze względu na postęp wiedzy medycznej oraz nauk biologicznych. Procedura ich powoływania oraz sposoby działania, a także wpływ na praktykę różnią się w poszczególnych krajach. UNESCO opracowała szereg wskazówek dotyczących organizacji i funkcjonowania tego typu ciał. W Polsce istnieje potrzeba sprecyzowania zasad działania narodowego/centralnego komitetu bioetyki. Celem tekstu jest przegląd prawnych możliwości powoływania i funkcjonowania komitetów bioetycznych o charakterze narodowym/centralnym wraz z przedstawieniem ich roli oraz refleksją nad kształtem, miejscem, znaczeniem i funkcją tego typu ciała w warunkach polskich.
Nauczanie Kościoła katolickiego a polska debata bioetyczna
Authors: Chyrowicz Barbara
Published: September 2022

Doktryna moralna Kościoła katolickiego odnosząca się do kwestii bioetycznych stanowi jedno ze stanowisk obecnych w polskiej debacie bioetycznej, co wydaje się zrozumiałe zważywszy na deklarowaną przynależność większości Polaków do tegoż Kościoła. Katoliccy moraliści stoją na stanowisku, że reprezentowana przez nich doktryna nie ma czysto religijnego charakteru. Odwołują się do kategorii prawa naturalnego, wyprowadzając z niego obowiązek szacunku dla życia każdej istoty ludzkiej, od momentu jej powstania aż do naturalnej śmierci, stąd zdecydowanie negatywnie oceniana jest aborcja, eutanazja, a także proceder niszczenia ludzkich zarodków. Obok punktów spornych istnieją też takie kwestie bioetyczne, w których stanowisko Kościoła katolickiego nie budzi w społecznej debacie kontrowersji, np. transplantologia.
Wybrane spory bioetyczne w polskiej przestrzeni publicznej. Analiza logiczno-retoryczna
Authors: Hartman Jan
Published: September 2022

Debata bioetyczna w polskiej przestrzeni publicznej podporządkowana jest walce ideologicznej toczonej pomiędzy środowiskami konserwatywnymi, skupionymi wokół Kościoła katolickiego a środowiskami liberalnymi, domagającymi się wprowadzenia w Polsce regulacji i praw podobnych do tych, jakie obowiązują w Europie Zachodniej. W artykule dokonano przeglądu i analizy wypowiedzi publicystycznych i politycznych w przykładowych trzech obszarach: aborcji, obowiązkowych szczepień oraz prawa do strajku personelu medycznego. Uderzającą cechą publicznych sporów bioetycznych w Polsce jest prawie całkowity brak świadomości istnienia bioetyki jako dyscypliny akademickiej dostarczającej wiedzy i ekspertyzy w tego rodzaju kwestiach.
Implicaciones penales del delito de violencia intrafamiliar. Estudio político-criminal de la ley 1959 de 2019
Authors: Bernal Castro Carlos Andrés , Daza González Alfonso
Published: September 2022

El delito de violencia intrafamiliar se ha convertido en uno de los tipos penales más transgredidos por los colombianos en tiempos de covid-19. El Legislador ha implementado en la última década una política de lucha frontal contra la violencia de género, en favor de mujeres, niños, niñas, adolescentes, adultos mayores y poblaciones vulnerables, frente a sus presuntos agresores. Sin embargo, el aumento de penas y la aplicación de agravantes punitivos no parecen amedrentar a la población y su efecto destructor de lazos de unidad y afecto al interior familiar. El Legislador ha hecho seis reformas legislativas en la materia, caracterizadas por la incoherencia, lo cual demuestra la complejidad del tema. La reciente reforma endurece aún más la posición político-criminal del Estado para combatir este flagelo; no obstante, las cifras han vuelto a dispararse.
Epicurean Feelings (pathē) as Criteria
Authors: Robitzsch Jan Maximilian
Published: September 2022

This paper is dedicated to feelings (pathē) as criteria of truth and criteria of choice and avoidance in Epicureanism. The first section reviews two features of the other two Epicurean criteria of truth, perceptions and preconceptions: their non-rational and evident character. The second section extends the account to feelings, showing how, on the basis of their non-rational and evident character, feelings can be used to gain insights. The third section of the paper finally turns to feelings as criteria of choice and avoidance. It examines some neglected textual evidence that shows that perceptions and feelings are closely connected to each other, that is, that Epicurean feelings are defined as perceptions and observances of themselves, shedding some new light on the joint role of feelings and perceptions in choices and avoidances.
An Urban Configuration with Online Competition
Authors: Lai Fu-Chuan
Published: September 2022

This paper introduces the impact of online competition to analysis of the urban configuration of a small open city, which was first developed by Alonso (1964. Location and Land Use. Cambridge: Harvard University Press), Mills (1967. “An Aggregative Model of Resource Allocation in a Metropolitan Area.” The American Economic Review 57 (2): 197–210), and Muth (1969. Cities and Housing. Chicago: University of Chicago Press) (AMM hereafter). In comparison to a revised AMM model in Lai and Tsai (2008. “Simplified Alonso-Mills-Muth Model with a Monopoly Vendor.” Journal of Urban Economics 63 (2): 536–43) which assumed a monopoly vendor, the present paper’s online entry brings competition, eventually causes price reduction, city expansion, and asymmetrically ascending land rent, and makes the incumbent vendor relocate to a more remote city boundary. When the disadvantage of online purchasing is not large, the urban configuration demonstrates that most residents purchase online, and only the residents living near the physical vendor make shopping trips. Finally, the benefit of city expansion from online competition eventually goes to the absentee landowners by way of the raised land rents.