bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stability analysis on the post-quantum structure of a boundary value problem: application on the new fractional $ (p, q) $-thermostat system
Authors: George Reny , Etemad Sina , Alshammari Fahad Sameer
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we discussed some qualitative properties of solutions to a thermostat system in the framework of a novel mathematical model designed by the new $ (p, q) $-derivatives in fractional post-quantum calculus. We transformed the existing standard model into a new control thermostat system with the help of the Caputo-like $ (p, q) $-derivatives. By the properties of the $ (p, q) $-gamma function and applying the fractional Riemann-Liouville-like $ (p, q) $-integral, we obtained the equivalent $ (p, q) $-integral equation corresponding to the given Caputo-like post-quantum boundary value problem ($ (p, q) $-BOVP) of the thermostat system. To conduct an analysis on the existence of solutions to this $ (p, q) $-system, some theorems were proved based on the fixed point methods and the stability analysis was done from the Ulam-Hyers point of view. In the applied examples, we used numerical data to simulate solutions of the Caputo-like $ (p, q) $-BOVPs of the thermostat system with respect to different parameters. The effects of given parameters in the model will show the performance of the thermostat system.
Algebraic invariants of edge ideals of some circulant graphs
Authors: Shaukat Bakhtawar , Ishaq Muhammad , Ul Haq Ahtsham
Published: December 2023

Let $ S $ be a polynomial ring over a field and $ I $ be an edge ideal associated with some classes of circulant graphs. We discussed the algebraic invariants, namely, regularity, projective dimension, depth, and the Stanley depth of $ S/I. $
Mild explocivity, persistent homology and cryptocurrencies' bubbles: An empirical exercise
Authors: Arvanitis Stelios , Detsis Michalis
Published: December 2023

An empirical investigation was held regarding whether topological properties associated with point clouds formed by cryptocurrencies' prices could contain information on (locally) explosive dynamics of the processes involved. Those dynamics are associated with financial bubbles. The Phillips, Shi and Yu [33,34] (PSY) timestamping method as well as notions associated with the Topological Data Analysis (TDA) like persistent simplicial homology and landscapes were employed on a dataset consisting of the time series of daily closing prices of the Bitcoin, Ethereum, Ripple and Litecoin. The note provides some empirical evidence that TDA could be useful in detecting and timestamping financial bubbles. If robust, such an empirical conclusion opens some interesting paths of further research.
Primary school children's health and its association with physical fitness development and health-related factors
Authors: Ruedl Gerhard , Cocca Armando , Wirnitzer Katharina C. , Tanous Derrick , Drenowatz Clemens , Niedermeier Martin
Published: December 2023

The health status (HS) of children is influenced by a variety of factors, including physical fitness (PF) or social and environmental characteristics. We present a 4-year longitudinal study carried out with 263 primary school children. PF was assessed yearly using the German Motor Performance Test 6–18. Demographic data, leisure time behavior and socioeconomic factors were collected using questionnaires for children and parents. Based on parents' ratings in year 4, children were categorized as either “very good health status” (VGHS) or “good health status or below” (GHSB). Children with VGHS (73%) showed a larger improvement of global PF (p < 0.001), a significantly higher proportion of being/playing outside (p < 0.001), significantly lower proportions of overweight (p < 0.001), of media availability in the bedroom (p = 0.011) and of daily media consumption > 2 h (p = 0.033) compared to children with GHSB. Regarding socio-economic factors, children with VGHS revealed significantly fewer parents with lower education (p = 0.002), lower physical activity levels (p = 0.030) and lower migration background (p < 0.001). Physical fitness (p = 0.019) and outdoors exercising (p = 0.050) were the only variables to provide significantly higher chances of perceiving one's own health as very good when tested within a complex model including all the variables studied in this work. Considering the little focus on PF in the current Austrian physical education curriculum and the favorable environmental features of the Tyrolean region, more emphasis should be given to promoting didactical and pedagogical approaches that allow schoolers to be active in the nature.
Mathematical study of polycystic ovarian syndrome disease including medication treatment mechanism for infertility in women
Authors: Batool Maryam , Farman Muhammad , Ahmad Aqeel , Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy
Published: December 2023

Among women of reproductive age, PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome) is one of the most prevalent endocrine illnesses. In addition to decreasing female fertility, this condition raises the risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, psychiatric disorders and other illnesses. In this paper, we constructed a fractional order model for polycystic ovarian syndrome by using a novel approach with the memory effect of a fractional operator. The study population was divided into four groups for this reason: Women who are at risk for infertility, PCOS sufferers, infertile women receiving therapy (gonadotropin and clomiphene citrate), and improved infertile women. We derived the basic reproductive number, and by utilizing the Jacobian matrix and the Routh-Hurwitz stability criterion, it can be shown that the free and endemic equilibrium points are both locally stable. Using a two-step Lagrange polynomial, solutions were generated in the generalized form of the power law kernel in order to explore the influence of the fractional operator with numerical simulations, which shows the impact of the sickness on women due to the effect of different parameters involved.
Morphogenesis and classification of corrosion plains in Slovenia
Authors: Stepišnik Uroš , Ferk Mateja
Published: December 2023

A new study of corrosion plains in Slovenia provides a systematic classification based on their geological settings and morphology. They are grouped into four types: karst plains, dry poljes, marginal plains of contact karst, and marginal plains of fluviokarst. Karst plains are the largest, formed through denudation under stable tectonic and hydrogeological conditions. Dry poljes are closed basins composed of bedrock and scattered sediment. Marginal plains of contact karst are formed at the boundary between non-karst and karst environments, while marginal plains of fluviokarst result from multiphase formation of poljes due to tectonic activity. This study enhances understanding of corrosion plains and can assist in their identification and management in karst areas.
Rivalidad y colaboración entre villas y ciudades: de las Antillas a la Nueva España
Authors: Martínez Martínez María del Carmen
Published: December 2023

Los centros urbanos definieron en la geografía americana una red tejida con muchos hilos (administrativos, políticos, funcionales, demográficos, culturales y religiosos). Entre las villas y ciudades de la América española hubo conflictos y también colaboración para alcanzar objetivos comunes. En este trabajo se consideran algunos aspectos de esa rivalidad y colaboración, en el espacio antillano y la Nueva España, en las primeras décadas del siglo xvi. Motivo de rivalidad fueron la movilidad de la población de unos centros a otros, y, de colaboración entre los cabildos, la designación de procuradores ante el rey. Ambos aspectos traducen jerarquías y evidencian la existencia de redes en las que cada villa y ciudad se definía por lo que tenía y, sobre todo, por lo que carecía.
The Role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Enhancing Marketing and Customer Loyalty
Authors: Venkateswaran P.S. , Dominic M. Lishmah , Agarwal Shashank , Oberai Himani , Anand Ila , Rajest S. Suman
Published: December 2023

This research aims to investigate how artificial intelligence (AI) can be used to improve marketing and brand loyalty. Artificial intelligence (AI) is one of the most revolutionary technologies because it allows computers to independently execute mental skills often reserved for humans, such as problem solving and reasoning. In order to make judgments (like which marketing actions to take) and reason (about those decisions) in real time, machines represent, learn, store, and refine their knowledge progressively based on past experiences and existing information (e.g., predicting customer satisfaction). AI, with its ability to analyze vast datasets, predict customer behaviors, and deliver personalized experiences, is reshaping the way companies approach and enhance their customer loyalty strategies. This exploration delves into the multifaceted role of AI in revolutionizing the realm of customer loyalty, shedding light on its applications, benefits, and the transformative potential it brings to the forefront of modern marketing.
An Overview of the Management of Stakeholders Following COVID-19
Authors: Motwani Anjali , Mathen Mariam , Lakshmi Y. P. Sai , Senapati Biswaranjan
Published: December 2023

This study's objective is to investigate the various categories of stakeholders and propose strategies for efficiently managing those stakeholders regarding the potential dangers and difficulties that may be encountered by the organization while attempting to manage them throughout COVID-19. In general, the management of stakeholders is a ubiquitous activity, and businesses should adhere to an effective and efficient structure to perform this role. This chapter aimed to investigate whether there are any novel or original approaches to managing stakeholders, as well as to provide some potential solutions to the challenges of doing so during this pandemic. In addition, the authors tried to shed some light on the crucial relationship between stakeholder management and business reputation. According to the results, more research is needed to provide novel insights into stakeholder management. A manager or project manager can utilize the results from this article in several ways.
Wise Apply on a Machine Learning-Based College Recommendation Data System
Authors: Kanjalkar Jyoti P. , Patil Gaurav N. , Patil Gaurav R. , Parande Yash , Patil Bhavesh Dilip , Kanjalkar Pramod
Published: December 2023

This chapter presents a college recommendation system using machine learning with the features of branch, caste, location, and fees. The system aims to provide personalized recommendations to students based on their preferences and past academic performance. The dataset used in the study consists of information about various colleges, including their location, fees, available branches, and the percentage of students belonging to different castes. The system uses a combination of machine learning algorithms, including decision trees and random forests, to provide accurate and efficient recommendations. The Adaboost algorithm is used to find colleges with similar features to the student's preferences, while decision trees and random forests are used to make predictions based on past data. The proposed system is evaluated using metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. The results show that the system provides highly accurate and personalized recommendations to students.
Embracing the Future of Retail With Virtual Try-On Technology
Authors: Roy Rupayan , Ramakrishnan Swetha
Published: December 2023

This chapter provides an overview of virtual try-on technology and its potential impact on the retail industry. It defines the technology and its various types, including AR, VR, and 3D modeling. The chapter also discusses the benefits of virtual try-on technology, including improved customer engagement, reduced return rates, and increased sales. However, the chapter also explores the limitations of the technology, such as technical constraints and cost barriers. Privacy and ethical considerations are also discussed. The chapter examines the future of virtual try-on technology, particularly the potential impact of emerging technologies such as 5G, AI, and AR/VR. It emphasizes the need for retailers to invest in this technology and prioritize user experience to stay competitive and meet changing consumer needs. Overall, this chapter provides a comprehensive overview of virtual try-on technology and its significance in the digital age of retail.
Opportunities and Challenges of Smart Supply Chain in Industry 5.0
Authors: Movahed Aminmasoud Bakhshi , Movahed Ali Bakhshi , Nozari Hamed
Published: December 2023

The smart supply chain (SSC) attempts to improve the general concept of the supply chain. The existential philosophy of Industry 5.0 is to develop the previous generation of the industry. Smart supply chain in the Industry 5.0 can be introduced as the Supply Chain 5.0 which includes three essential features. This study aims to review the smart supply chain. For this objective, smart supply chain opportunities (SSCO) and smart supply chain challenges (SSCC) are analyzed based on Industry 5.0. This study explains the industrial revolutions from the first one to the fifth one. In this chapter, SSC and Industry 5.0 are identified and defined briefly. Thus, SSC and Industry 5.0 are connected meticulously. For precise investigation, the opportunities and challenges of SSC are explained. As a result, the conceptual framework has been achieved. Using the Delphi method to reach a consensus of a group of experts to validate the extracted indicators is necessary for this chapter. Finally, the conceptual framework demonstrates a smart supply chain based on Industry 5.0.
Electrolytical Coating of Inhomogeneous Structures Distributed on Metallic Surfaces
Authors: Böhme Andrea , Döhler Torsten , Hofmann Mandy , Neumann Jens , Bochem Reinhard , Geißler Ute , Foitzik Andreas H.
Published: December 2023

In modern electrochemical coating technology, it is common practice to create uniform layers. However, this study focuses on the deposition of non-uniform layers achieved through a deliberate arrangement of micro structured electrodes on the anode side. The "dog bone effect” was employed as the primary approach [1]. When electroplating on an otherwise uniform surface, this effect selectively processes an area influenced by the geometric edge effect (figure 1 left). The coating within this area is intended to be (i) unevenly distributed and (ii) non-reproducible. Process data was obtained through electrochemical simulations and subsequently applied to a specially designed micro-galvanic setup. This enabled the production of suitable micro structured anodes, validation of coating parameters, and the deposition of visually imperceptible structured areas with inhomogeneous properties using "adhesive gold" on appropriate substrates such as silver and nickel. The layers and their local topography were characterized and analyzed using confocal laser microscopy, X-Ray fluorescence analysis (XRF), as well as a self-designed and constructed laser interference device. As a result, this specific galvanic process technology successfully produced metallic layers that (i) cannot be visually confirmed by the naked eye, (ii) exhibit varied microstructural anode geometries, (iii) display unique differences in layer thickness, (iv) possess non-reproducible and chaotic topographies, and (v) can be detected and identified using conventional analysis techniques or a simple interference setup.
Breaks in Hall-Petch Relationship in Magnesium
Authors: Carvalho Amanda P. , Figueiredo Roberto B.
Published: December 2023

Magnesium and its alloys display a non-usual relationship between flow stress and grain size at room temperature. Breaks in the Hall-Petch relationship have been reported in the literature. Inverse Hall-Petch behavior in which flow stress reduces with grain size decreasing has also been reported in pure magnesium and magnesium alloys with ultrafine and nanocrystalline structures. The present overview discusses these effects in terms of controlling deformation mechanisms. The distinct strength observed in pure magnesium and magnesium alloys with ultrafine grained structure is also discussed. It is shown that experimental data for fine and ultrafine grained magnesium alloys agree with a model suggested recently based on the mechanism of grain boundary sliding. It is also exhibited that the stability of the grain structure might control the strength of ultrafine grained samples.
A Modern Approach to the Complicated Line Integrals in Linear Elastic Dislocation Theory
Authors: Schouwenaars Rafael
Published: December 2023

The standard textbook analysis of dislocations is generally limited to the case of infinitely straight screw or edge dislocations, which do not exist. This is due to the complexity of the formulas for arbitrary dislocation loops, i.e., Burger’s equation for the displacement field, the Peach-Köhler equation for the stress field and Blin’s equation for the interaction energy, which involve line integrals along the dislocation loop. The integrands are complex, and integration often involves non-elementary functions. Elaboration of the integrands with symbolic mathematical software produces tensor formulas which can be reused at will. By formulating convenient parametric expressions for the configuration studied and using superposition, mathematical software can be used to perform the integrations for arbitrary Burgers vectors. Often, the resulting expressions for the tensorial fields are very long, but they can be easily incorporated as user-defined formulas for plotting, parametric analysis, and incorporation into routines for energy minimisation or the non-linear equations for force equilibrium. The effectiveness of this approach will be illustrated by the example of short straight dislocations, circular dislocations, the interaction between a pileup and dissociated dislocations in the grain boundary, and the nucleation of dislocations at grain boundaries.
Using Electropulsing to Control the Surface Quality of Casts
Authors: Qin Rong Shan
Published: December 2023

This paper reports on the mechanisms and provides worked examples of using pulsed electric current to improve the surface properties of conductive materials during solidification. A rough surface is formed via the freezing of thermomechanical fluctuations and external disturbances during solidification. Pulsed electric current provides an extra driving force for the fluctuations to relax in a shorter duration toward the equilibrium state before the material loses the fluidity during cooling. This additional mechanism is associated with the electric current free energy, which depends on the current density distribution at various materials geometries, including the surface profile. The mechanism has been validated by experimental characterization of the surface roughness evolution with and without electropulsing treatment.
Fabrication of High-Temperature Solder by Zn Plating Films Containing Al Particles
Authors: Kobayashi Tatsuya , Abiko Yuki , Shohji Ikuo
Published: December 2023

This study investigated the microstructure and melting point of the Zn–Al composite electroplating film. The cross-sectional microstructure and shear strength of the joints made from the plating films were also evaluated. Zn and Al were confirmed in the plating films from initial microstructure observation. The plating film prepared by a plating bath without cationic surfactant melted near the melting point of Zn and the eutectic point of Zn–Al. When jointed at a joining temperature of 443°C, joining pressure of 5 MPa, and holding time of 5 min, multiple intermetallic compounds, Zn–Al eutectic layers, and unreacted Al particles were observed in the joint layer. From quantitative analysis, the multiple intermetallic compounds were estimated to be Zn–Ni and Zn–Al–Ni intermetallic compounds. The shear strength of the joints increased with increasing joining pressure but was lower than that of Sn–5Sb solder. Fracture after the shear test was observed at the interface between unreacted Al particles and Zn–Al–Ni intermetallic compounds, and inside unreacted Al particles.
Improvement of Work-Hardening Behavior of Co-Cr-W-Ni Alloy by Adding Mn/Fe for Balloon-Expandable Stents
Authors: Ueki Kosuke , Ueda Kyosuke , Nakai Masaaki , Nakano Takayoshi , Narushima Takayuki
Published: December 2023

The Co-20Cr-15W-10Ni (CCWN, mass%) alloy, registered as American society of testing and materials (ASTM) F90, has been widely used as a balloon-expandable stent because of its excellent balance between its mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. To realize a less invasive stent placement, the stent diameter must be reduced, which implies that the stent strut thickness must be reduced. As such, the CCWN alloy must be high in strength and ductility while maintaining a low yield stress to facilitate the expansion and suppression of stent recoil. In this study, we focus on the effects of the adding Mn/Fe on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosive properties of CCWN alloys. A 6 mass% Mn-added CCWN alloy with a grain size of approximately 20 μm prepared in this study exhibits excellent balance between tensile strength and ductility. In addition, it exhibits a lower yield stress while maintaining a high tensile strength compared with the ASTM F90 alloy. Meanwhile, a 6 mass% Fe-added CCWN alloy exhibits a higher ductility compared with the ASTM F90 alloy. The addition of Mn or Fe to the CCWN alloy increases the stacking fault energy of the alloy and suppresses strain-induced martensitic transformation during plastic deformation, thus improving the ductility of the alloy. Results of polarization tests show that the 6 mass% Mn-or Fe-added CCWN alloys exhibit the same corrosion current density as the ASTM F90 alloy. Mn-added Co-Cr-W-Ni alloys are suitable for use in balloon-expandable stents.
Eta Phase Precipitation at Equilibrium and in Strain Free ATI 718Plus
Authors: Hassan Bilal , Jansen Yann , Nouveau Sebastien , Corney Jonathan
Published: December 2023

As aerospace engines advance to obtain higher thermal efficiencies, it is imperative to develop high temperature materials. Inconel 718 is a nickel-based superalloy that has been used for decades in aero-engine parts as it allows for use in high temperature applications. ATI 718Plus is a newer nickel-based superalloy that has been developed with a 55°C higher temperature capability over Inconel 718. ATI 718Plus components are manufactured by forging a wrought billet in stages to obtain the desired geometry and microstructure. Parts are heat treated to optimised proportions of γ’ and η phases. η phase is an acicular phase that precipitates on the grain boundaries, whereas γ’ is the primary strengthening phase. η phase is an important phase to understand as it is utilised in controlling the grain size during hot working processes at temperatures below its solvus temperature. When η phase is fully solutioned, the grain size is free to increase and hence the material mechanical properties can become detrimental. The short-term precipitation kinetics of η phase in strain-free ATI 718Plus is still not completely understood. In this study, the aims and objectives were to study the η precipitation kinetics in strain-free material as well as studying η phase precipitation in equilibrium conditions. TTT diagrams were produced for the η phase in strain-free material and compared to the limited data available in the open literature. In addition, the equilibrium η phase content, aspect ratio, length and width were determined and compared to the very little data that is currently published.
Effect of Rotary Swaging on Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of Zn-1%Mg and Zn-1%Mg-0.1%Ca Alloys
Authors: Martynenko Natalia , Rybalchenko Olga V. , Rybalchenko Georgy , Prosvirnin Dmitriy , Temralieva Diana , Lukyanova Elena , Yusupov Vladimir , Sannikov Andrey , Koltygin Andrey , Dobatkin Sergey V.
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of the study of microstructure, mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and fatigue strength of the Zn-1%Mg and Zn-1%Mg-0.1%Ca alloys, processed by rotary swaging (RS). It is shown that the grain refinement leads to an increase in the strength of the alloys up to 196 ± 4 and 218 ± 6 MPa for the Zn-1%Mg and Zn-1%Mg-0.1%Ca alloys, respectively. The ductility of the Zn-1%Mg and Zn-1%Mg-0.1%Ca alloys also increases up to 5.7 ± 2.2 and 7.0 ± 0.7%, respectively. The structure caused by RS does not affect the corrosion potential of both investigated alloys, but changes the corrosion current density, decreasing it for the Zn-1%Mg alloy and increasing it for Zn-1%Mg-0.1%Ca. The fatigue limit of the Zn-1%Mg and Zn-1%Mg-0.1%Ca alloys after RS is equal to 115 MPa and 130 MPa, respectively.
Effect of Cu on the Precipitation of α-Al(Mn,Cr)Si Dispersoids in an Al-Mg-Si-Mn-Cr Alloy
Authors: Liu Fang Zhen , Dong Qi Peng , Qin Jian , Li Zhen , Nagaumi Hiromi
Published: December 2023

Nanoscale dispersoids will retard or inhibit recrystallization of aluminum alloys during thermomechanical processes. In the present study, the influence of an addition of 0.6 wt. % Cu on the precipitation behavior of dispersoids in an Al-Mg-Si-Mn-Cr alloy had been investigated. Large amounts of dispersoids with different shapes, e.g. cubic, rod-like and plate-like, were achieved in the experimental alloys after homogenization. Compared with the Cu-free alloy, Cu-added alloy exhibits a higher proportion of cubic shape dispersoid. HRTEM results indicated that the cubic shape dispersoid has an icosahedral quasicrystal structure, while the rod-like or plate-like shape dispersoids show a simple cubic crystal structure. Due to the presence of a high number density of quasicrystalline dispersoids, the Cu-added alloy exhibits a higher recrystallization resistance during hot compression. This study presents a new insight that besides the precipitation strengthening, the Cu alloying in an Al-Mg-Si-Mn-Cr alloy can also contributes to the precipitation of dispersoids.
Microstructure, Mechanical, and In-Vitro Characterization of a Novel Biodegradable Zinc-Based Composite Fabricated at Room Temperature
Authors: Castro Moara Marques , Balog Martin , Krížik Peter , Švec Jr. Peter , Švastová Eliška , Takáčová Martina , Kubásek Jiří
Published: December 2023

A novel Zn biodegradable composite was produced by direct extrusion of Zn powders at room temperature. The powders were efficiently consolidated to a high relative density, and the composite reached a UTS higher than 120 MPa and elongation of almost 70%. Microstructural observations showed ultra-fine Zn grains decorated by well-dispersed ZnO clusters at the grain boundaries. The degradation behavior of the composite and an as-cast Zn reference accessed by immersion tests in HBSS for both materials were similar and gave an equivalent corrosion rate. Additional static immersion tests in DMEM + 5% FSB showed a similar corrosion rate (0.015 mm/y), but SEM analysis of the corroded surface suggested that the degradation process of each as-cast or DE consolidated composite differs. MTT assays with extracts of both as-cast and extruded composites showed similar cytotoxicity, which was dependent on the dilution of the extracts. It was concluded that the proposed methodology brings the potential for an interesting solution to produce a sound Zn-ZnO composite with good biocompatibility, satisfactory corrosion rate, and high yield strength.
Developments of Cost Affordable Titanium Alloys in Japan
Authors: Ikeda Masahiko , Ueda Masato , Yamanishi Yusuke
Published: December 2023

Titanium and its alloys are the 5th most common metallic materials used world wide but the markets volume of titanium materials, is difficult to expand due to associated production costs, and the decrease of those costs are critical in order to expand their markets. A possible option is the alloy design, i.e. using low price alloying element, such as iron, chromium, manganese and oxygen, and the selection of other raw materials, i.e. grade of sponge titanium. In beta titanium alloy, Ti-Mo system alloy using ferro-molybdeum was developed by USA company or Ti-Cr-Fe-Al beta alloy were also developed by Japan company. In this paper, those developed alloys were explained. Furthermore, substitution of Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al near beta alloy, presenters are studying about Ti-Mn-Fe-Al alloy.
Crystal-Defect-Associated Transformation Strain Paths of Electric Current Pulse (ECP) Induced α to β Transformation in Cu-40％Zn
Authors: Liu Mei Shuai , Esling Claude , Zhang Yu Dong , Beausir Benoit , Wang Xin Li , Zhao Xiang , Zuo Liang
Published: December 2023

A systematic study has been made on a Cu-40%Zn alloy treated by an electric current pulse (ECP) and by the examination of the microstructure and the crystallographic features of both the parent and the product phases. The β precipitates under ECP show a Kurdjumov Sachs Orientation Relation (K-S OR) in the vicinity of the grain boundaries (GBs), but a Nishiyama Wasserman (N-W) OR within the grains. Along the GBs the {111}α /<110>α dislocation arrays were spotted, whereas the {111}α /<112>α stacking faults were observed in the grain interiors. A closer examination of the lattice strain required for the phase transformation revealed that the maximum lattice deformation under the K-S OR is a shear on the {111}α plane in the <110>α direction. The dislocations arrays existing along the GBs offer the pre-strain that favors the precipitation of β particles obeying the K-S OR. Oppositely, the stacking faults within the grains provide pre-stains for the formation of the β precipitates respecting the N-W OR. This study sheds some light on the mechanisms by which crystal defects initiate phase transformation in a Cu-40%Zn alloy.
Strategy to Generate Oxide-Free Molten Metal Droplets for Fully Dense Corrosion-Resistant Coatings by Atmospheric Plasma Spraying
Authors: Li Chang Jiu , Dong Xin Yuan , Zhang Li , Luo Xiao Tao , Zhu Yong Sheng
Published: December 2023

Thermal spray techniologies are very efficient to deposit metal coatings, which have been applied to different industrial fields for protection of metals from wear and corrosion. However, severe oxidation during inflight of spray particles introduces large amount of oxide inclusions in the coating which limits lamellar bonding formation and thus full utilization of coating material performance potential. In this project, the spray powders containing the deoxidizers such as carbon and boron are designed to develop in-situ deoxidizing effect to generate oxide-free molten metal droplets by air plasma spraying (APS) in ambient atmosphere for depositing dense coatings with sufficiently bonded splats. The thermodynamic and kinetic conditions for continuous deoxidization during whole in-flight molten droplets are presented. The experiments were conducted for NiCr, NiCrCu, CuNi coatings with boron as deoxidizer and for NiAl and FeAl coatings with dispersed diamond as deoxidizer. Results show that through powder design and spray condition optimization different spray particles can be heated to temperatures from 2100°C to 2500°C. It was found that the oxide contents in all coatings decreases with increasing spray distance, which indicates that deoxidizing effect of deoxidizer is maintained during whole spray particle in-flight. The examination shows that all APS coatings present dense microstructure. The electrochemical test reveals that the corrosion only occurs to coating surface and no trace of corrosive solution penetration into coating. As a result, the corrosion-resistant metal coatings can be realized by APS in ambient atmosphere through developing in-situ deoxidizing effect and subsequently oxide-free molten droplets with using deoxidizer-containing spray powders.
Effect of High Temperature and Humidity on Bond Strength of Al/Resin Adhesive Joints
Authors: Watanabe Itsuki , Kobayashi Tatsuya , Shohji Ikuo
Published: December 2023

The adhesive strength and degradation behavior of the Al/resin interface was investigated under high temperature and high humidity conditions. The adhesive strength of the joint without aging was approximately 14 MPa. The value is the same as the Cu/resin joint. With progress of aging at 85°C in 85%R. H., the strength decreased rapidly in the early aging stage and decreased gradually by further aging. The strength of the Al/resin joint was inferior to that of the Cu/resin joint after aging. The fracture mainly occurred in the interface of the joint. The result of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis for the fracture surface showed that water absorption in the Al/resin joint occurs by aging and causes the degradation of the strength.
Optical-Emission Properties of GaN-Based Nanopillar Light-Emitting Diodes Prepared on Non-Polished and Non-Single-Crystalline Substrates
Authors: Sato Yuichi , Xue Hou Yao , Taniguchi Shingo , Saito Sora , Fujiwara Atomu , Saito Tsubasa
Published: December 2023

GaN-based nanopillar crystals are directly grown on multicrystalline Si and amorphous-carbon-coated graphite substrates whose surfaces are not mirror-polished. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) of a double-hetero structure are prepared from the nanopillar crystals, and their optical–emission properties are investigated. Despite the substrate type and surface conditions, moderate light emissions are obtained from nanopillar LEDs though the light emissions are not always homogeneous, especially in the LEDs prepared on the graphite-based substrate. Nevertheless, these results will lead to realizations of novel large-area light-emitting devices.
Can lifelong endurance exercise improve ageing through beneficial effects on circadian timing function, muscular performance and health status in men? Protocol for a comparative cross-sectional study
Authors: Berisha Genc , Sedliak Milan , Zeman Michal , Hamar Dušan , Cvečka Ján , Tirpáková Veronika , Vajda Matej , Oreská Ľudmila , Černáčková Alena , Čupka Martin , Šarabon Nejc , Protasi Feliciano , Zampieri Sandra , Kern Helmut , Lofler Stefan , Musaro Antonio , Stebelová Katarína , Okuliarová Monika
Published: December 2023

A well-synchronized circadian system is a manifestation of an individual's health. A gradual weakening of the circadian timing function characterizes aging. Regular exercise has been suggested as a modality to improve many detrimental changes associated with aging. Therefore, we aim to examine the benefits and risks of lifelong endurance exercise on age-dependent changes in the circadian time-keeping function, the performance of the muscular system and health status. The study protocol has a comparative cross-sectional design, including groups of senior (65 to 75 years old, n=16) and young (20-30 years old, n=16) endurance runners and triathletes. Age-matched groups of young and elderly sedentary men are included as controls. The circadian function is evaluated mainly by measurement of urinary 6-sulphatoxymelatonin, a metabolite of the hormone melatonin shown to participate in the modulation of sleep cycles. The 6-sulphatoxymelatonin will be assessed in urine samples collected upon awakening in the morning and in the late evening, as a marker of melatonin production. In addition, sleep/activity rhythms and sleep quality will be measured by wrist actigraphy. Performance of the muscular system will be assessed by examination of muscular strength and quantifying of gene expression in the skeletal muscle tissue samples. Health status and age-induced reduction in immune function are to be analysed via the balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory immune markers in the plasma and skeletal muscle, body composition, bone density and physical fitness.
Family support and coping strategies among female inmates: a cross-sectional study in penitentiaries
Authors: Pamungkas Akmad Yanuar Fahmi , Budi Yulifah Salistia , Seftianingtyas Woro Nurul , Salanti Pipih , Devi Tria Eni Rafika , Muninggar Muninggar , Hakiki Miftahul , Amin Muhammad Al , Rahmawati Arni Nur , Handayani Prita Adisty , Rudiyanto Rudiyanto
Published: December 2023

Family is one of the closest people in helping individuals solve problems and serve as the foundation for developing coping strategies. Several factors influence coping strategies, including problem-solving skills and family support. This study aimed to explore the correlation between family support and coping strategies among female prisoners. The research employed a quantitative correlation design using a cross-sectional approach and a total sampling technique, with a sample of 33 female prisoners. The study included two variables: family support as the dependent variable and coping strategy as the independent variable. The chi-square test was used for data analysis. The results revealed that a majority of female prisoners received good family support (51.5%), and most of them used emotion-focused coping strategies (63.6%). The results indicate a significant correlation between family support and coping strategies for female prisoners, with a p-value of 0.004. It highlights the importance of family support for prisoners in developing effective coping strategies. The findings emphasize that family support plays a crucial role in enhancing coping strategies for inmates, ultimately contributing to an improved quality of life.
Effect of aloe vera gel compresses on breast engorgement among postpartum mother
Authors: Raihanah Siti , Jasmawati Jasmawati , Siregar Nursyahid
Published: December 2023

Navigating the challenges of new motherhood, a staggering 50 to 70 percent of women find themselves grappling with clogged milk ducts.. Aloe vera gel compresses can be used on breasts to reduce edema. Aloe vera is known for its effective anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to investigate the effect of aloe vera gel compresses on breast engorgement in postpartum mothers. The study included postpartum mothers as the target population. The research design employed a pretest-posttest methodology comprising a control group and non-probability sampling using consecutive sampling. Statistical analyses involved the Paired T-Test and Independent T-Test, with a significance level of p < 0.05. The sample consisted of thirty respondents, with 15 in the control group and 15 in the experimental group. Over a period of three days, aloe vera gel compresses were applied to the breasts twice a day. The Bourbonnais pain scale evaluation checklist was used to assess the degree of breast pain. The findings of this study demonstrate that the intervention involving aloe vera gel compresses significantly reduced breast engorgement (p = 0.000; mean SD 2 ± 1.25) and associated pain (p = 0.000; mean SD 2.2 ± 1.37). The results of this study suggest that the use of aloe vera gel compresses can effectively alleviate breast pain and swelling in postpartum mothers. Given the substantial benefits observed, healthcare professionals may consider incorporating aloe vera gel compresses as a non-invasive and natural intervention for postpartum mothers experiencing breast engorgement and discomfort.
African Global Health: an initiative committed to achieving Health Sovereignty in the Global South
Authors: Chetty Morgan , Teran Enrique , Patrick Luwaga , Mamdouh Rania , Srinivas Sunitha C. , Kaseya Jean , Ndembi Nicaise , Touirsi Sara , Kendili Imane
Published: December 2023

No abstract available.
Single Stage Excision and Thick Split Thickness Skin Graft Technique for Facial Giant Congenital Melanocytic Nevi with Consideration of Facial Aesthetic Subunits: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Pramana I Gusti Agung Ngurah Widya , Saraswati Hastika , Aung Zin Mar
Published: December 2023

Due to their three-dimensional anatomy, functional importance, and esthetic appeal, giant congenital melanocytic nevus (GCMN) of the face pose the greatest challenge to reconstructive surgeons, especially when there are few donors and a significant deformity. A 25-year-old male patient presented with a facial GCMN. GCMN management involves complete nevus removal and reconstruction using tissues of the same color, thickness, and as the surrounding skin. Some defect closure options were inapplicable due to the almost complete forehead defect. This study aims to report the author's successful experience treating an adult case of GCMN with single-stage excision and subunit facial restoration using thick split-thickness skin graft (STSG). In this case, thick STSG is considered to prevent the risk of secondary contracture and conspicuous discoloration. In addition to esthetic and functional outcomes, the patient's social status and self-esteem also improved. This technique promises esthetic results, such as reduced downtime, and improved psychological function.
A patient presenting with early syphilis and features of general paralysis of insane – An interesting case report in the 21st century!
Authors: Bindu R. S. , Aiswarya B. H. , Nair S. Pradeep , Mathew Rony , Gopinath Deepthy V.
Published: December 2023

A 66-year-old unemployed unmarried male with known men sex men activity since the age of 20 years presented with an erythematous well-defined ulcer on the lower lip and multiple discrete papulo-squamous lesions on the palms, soles, and scrotum. The patient was also in dysphoric mood with grandiose ideas with normal higher function. Knee and ankle jerk reflexes were absent and there was impaired tandem walking. Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) and treponema pallidum hemagglutination assay were positive. Cerebrospinal fluid-VDRL was positive with grossly elevated proteins and glucose. HIV test was negative. Magnetic resonance imaging scan of the brain was normal. We made a diagnosis of neurosphilis – General paralysis of insane (GPI) with co-existing early syphilis. The patient was started on crystalline penicillin for 14 days after which there was significant improvement in behavior. We are reporting a rare case of GPI with early syphilis.
Cutaneous angiosarcoma – Mimicking giant condyloma acuminata with molluscum-like satellite lesions
Authors: Gulati Soumyaa , Gangadhar Harsha , Mohanty Suravi , Shilpashree P. , Gupta Divya
Published: December 2023

Angiosarcoma (AS) is a rare malignant tumor of vascular or lymphatic epithelium, typically presenting as a bruise-like patch over the face or scalp in the seventh–ninth decades. Here, we report a case of cutaneous AS (cAS) in a 51-year-old male patient who presented with a cauliflower-like growth in the groin with skin-colored shiny flat-topped satellite papules in the surrounding areas, some of which were umbilicated. Based on examination, the patient was considered retro positive and the following differentials were considered: Buschke–Lowenstein tumor with giant molluscum, Kaposi sarcoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. Histopathological examination suggested the diagnosis as AS, which was confirmed by immunohistochemistry that was positive for CD31 and CD34. The report highlights the unusual site and clinical presentation of cAS.
Perception and Recognition of Clinical Medical Physicist Roles and Responsibilities by Specialist Physician Staff: The First Mexican Survey
Authors: Bojórquez Mariana Hernández , Rendón Xóchitl López , Rojas-López José Alejandro
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

Although medical physics as a profession is recognized as part of the health-care professional workforce by the International Labor Organization, in the Mexican context, the figure of the medical physicist (MP) is often inappropriately associated solely with technical work, leading to perception, recognition, and salary implications. The aim of this study was to explore the perception of medical specialists regarding the role and responsibilities of MPs in clinical practice in Mexico.

Methods:

A national survey was answered by medical personnel, ranging from residents to qualified specialists in November 2019. The questionnaire consisted of ten questions related to perception of MPs. The survey was open to all medical specialists regardless of their involvement in the use of ionizing radiations or otherwise.

Results:

It was shown that approximately two-thirds of specialists know and recognize the medical physics profession in hospitals and the roles and responsibilities of MPs. However, 19% of medical specialists considered the standard of service as inadequate.

Conclusion:

MPs must exert greater efforts to promote their status and enhance the recognition of their contribution to health care. The low level of recognition in diagnostic and interventional radiology and in nuclear medicine in Mexico might be related to nonexistent or unclear documentation and inadequate regulations, policies, or directives promoted by the health-care authorities.
Gastrointestinal Manifestations of Chagas Disease: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
Authors: Baldoni Nayara Ragi , de Oliveira-da Silva Lea Campos , Gonçalves Ana Carolina Oliveira , Quintino Nayara Dornela , Ferreira Ariela Mota , Bierrenbach Ana Luiza , Padilha da Silva José Luiz , Pereira Nunes Maria Carmo , Ribeiro Antonio Luiz P. , Oliveira Claudia Di Lorenzo , Sabino Ester Cerdeira , Cardoso Clareci Silva
Published: December 2023

The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of gastrointestinal manifestations among individuals with positive serology for Chagas disease (ChD) and to describe the clinical gastrointestinal manifestations of the disease. A systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted based on the criteria and recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. The PubMed, Scopus, Virtual Health Library, Web of Science, and Embase databases were used to search for evidence. Two reviewers independently selected eligible articles and extracted data. RStudio® software was used for the meta-analysis. For subgroup analysis, the studies were divided according to the origin of the individuals included: 1) individuals from health units were included in the health care service prevalence analysis, and 2) individuals from the general population were included in the population prevalence analysis. A total of 2,570 articles were identified, but after removal of duplicates and application of inclusion criteria, 24 articles were included and 21 were part of the meta-analysis. Most of the studies were conducted in Brazil. Radiological diagnosis was the most frequent method used to identify the gastrointestinal clinical form. The combined effect of meta-analysis studies showed a prevalence of gastrointestinal manifestations in individuals with ChD of 12% (95% CI, 8.0–17.0%). In subgroup analysis, the prevalence for studies involving health care services was 16% (95% CI, 11.0–23.0%), while the prevalence for population-based studies was 9% (95% CI, 5.0–15.0%). Megaesophagus and megacolon were the main forms of ChD presentation in the gastrointestinal form. The prevalence of gastrointestinal manifestations of ChD was 12%. Knowing the prevalence of ChD in its gastrointestinal form is an important step in planning health actions for these patients.
Review
Authors: Thorpe Andrea
Published: December 2023

No Abstract
Obituary: Matthew Colin Noel Shum
Authors: Editors The
Published: December 2023

No Abstract