bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sense (Scents) of South Africa
Authors: Shepard Katherine F.
Published: July 2019

This paper presents a brief description of some of the author’s perceptions of the land, of physiotherapy education and practice and of the struggle of the nation of South Africa acquired during a 4 week visit in late spring 1997. One week was spent in Cape Town participating in several venues at the International Congress of the South African Society of Physiotherapy. Three weeks were spent at the University of the Witswatersrand in Johannesburg presenting a course in qualitative research to health care colleagues representing the disciplines of physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech pathology and occupational health. During the time in Johannesburg several health care facilities were visited including Baragwanath Hospital, Natal Hospital and the Wits Rural Facility and Tinswalo Hospital at Acornhoek.
The role of the community-based rehabilitation worker within the primary health care service of the ODI district
Authors: Taukobong N. P.
Published: July 2019

Introduction: There has not been agreement within the Health Care Services regarding the role of Community Based Rehabilitation (CBR) workers. The training of CBR workers continues although the process was not widely supported and the CBR worker’s function has not been clarified yet CBR programmes are included in the training of students.Aim: The aim is to identify and describe the role of the CBR workers within the Odi District Health Service (DHS) and determine whether they are fulfilling the rehabilitation arid development functions envisaged by the WHO model of CBR programmes.Methodology: Qualitative and quantitative research methods were used. These included a questionnaire; observations of the daily tasks of the CBR workers and interviews with members of the District Health Service (DHS) of the Odi district, clients and CBR workers. Open and axial coding were used in data analyses. Data from the different sources were triangulated to ensure trustworthiness.Results: The skills performed by CBR workers have produced a change in the lifestyle of the disabled people and the initiated projects are benefiting the families of the disabled people within the CBR programme as well as their community. There seems to be a break down of communication between the District Health Manager (DHM) and the supervisor of the CBR workers. A lack of communication within the DHS affects the functions of the CBR workers.Conclusion: It is concluded that, although the tasks of the CBR workers within the Odi DHS are not supported, they produce a positive impact on the quality of life of the disabled within the CBR programme. The CBR workers’ contribution towards community development, although on a small scale, proves that they operate within the World Health Organization’s (WHO) guidelines for CBR.
Case Report: Typhoid Fever Complicated by Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in a Pediatric Traveler
Authors: Birabaharan Morgan , Kainth Mundeep K. , Kessel Aaron D. , Hagmann Stefan H. F.
Published: July 2019

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is seldom described as a complication of typhoid fever (TF). Only 13 cases have hitherto been reported in the English and non-English literature since 1990. We report an 8-year-old boy with TF after return from India who developed pediatric ARDS (pARDS) despite adequate antibiotic treatment. Among patients with available information including this case, we noted that most not born or raised in a TF-endemic country (4/6) compared with none (0/6) of the domestic cases in a TF-endemic country developed ARDS within 48 hours of starting the antibiotic treatment. Our case raises important questions regarding the frequency, pathophysiology, and appropriate management of ARDS and pARDS in patients with TF.
Contributions to local- and regional-scale formaldehyde concentrations
Authors: Bastien Lucas A. J. , Brown Nancy J. , Harley Robert A.
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Reducing ambient formaldehyde concentrations is a complex task because
formaldehyde is both a primary and a secondary air pollutant, with
significant anthropogenic and biogenic sources of volatile organic compound
(VOC) precursor emissions. This work uses adjoint sensitivity analysis in a
chemical transport model to identify emission sources and chemical reactions
that influence formaldehyde mixing ratios in the San Francisco Bay Area and
within three urbanized sub-areas. For each of these receptors, the use of the
adjoint technique allows for efficient calculation of the sensitivity of
formaldehyde to emissions of NOx, formaldehyde, and VOC precursors
occurring at any location and time. Formaldehyde mixing ratios are found to
be generally higher in summer than in winter. The opposite seasonal trend is
observed for the sensitivities of these mixing ratios to formaldehyde
emissions. In other words, even though formaldehyde is higher in summer,
reducing formaldehyde emissions has a greater impact in winter. In winter,
85 %–90 % of the sensitivity to emissions is attributed to direct
formaldehyde emissions. In summer, this contribution is smaller and more
variable, ranging from 27 % to 75 % among the receptor areas investigated in
this study. Higher relative contributions of secondary formation versus
direct emissions are associated with receptors located farther away from
heavily urbanized and emission-rich areas. In particular, the relative
contribution of biogenic VOC emissions (15 %–43 % in summer) is largest for
these receptors. Ethene and other alkenes are the most influential
anthropogenic precursors to secondary formaldehyde. Isoprene is the most
influential biogenic precursor. Sensitivities of formaldehyde to NOx emissions are generally negative but relatively small in magnitude compared
to sensitivities to VOC emissions. The magnitude of anthropogenic emissions
of organic compounds other than formaldehyde is found to correlate reasonably
well with their influence on population-weighted formaldehyde mixing ratios
at the air-basin scale. This correlation does not hold for ambient
formaldehyde in smaller urbanized sub-areas. The magnitude of biogenic
emissions does not correlate with their influence in either case.
Wintertime aerosol dominated by solid fuel burning emissions across Ireland: insight into the spatial and chemical variation of submicron aerosol
Authors: Lin Chunshui , Ceburnis Darius , Huang Ru-Jin , Xu Wei , Spohn Teresa , Martin Damien , Buckley Paul , Wenger John , Hellebust Stig , Rinaldi Matteo , Facchini Maria Cristina , O'Dowd Colin , Ovadnevaite Jurgita
Published: July 2019

Abstract. To get an insight into the spatial and chemical variation of the submicron aerosol, a nationwide characterization of wintertime PM1 was performed using an Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM) and Aethalometer at four representative sites across Ireland. Dublin, the capital city of Ireland, was the most polluted area with an average PM1 concentration of 8.6 μg m−3, ranging from
Surprising similarities in model and observational aerosol radiative forcing estimates
Authors: Gryspeerdt Edward , Mülmenstädt Johannes , Gettelman Andrew , Malavelle Florent F. , Morrison Hugh , Neubauer David , Partridge Daniel G. , Stier Philip , Takemura Toshihiko , Wang Hailong , Wang Minghuai , Zhang Kai
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The radiative forcing from aerosols (particularly through their interaction with clouds) remains one of the most uncertain components of the human forcing of the climate. Observation-based studies have typically found a smaller aerosol effective radiative forcing than in model simulations and were given preferential weighting in the IPCC AR5 report. With their own sources of uncertainty, it is not clear that observation-based estimates are more reliable. Understanding the source of the model-observational difference is thus vital to reduce uncertainty in the impact of aerosols on the climate. These reported discrepancies arise from the different decompositions of the aerosol forcing used in model and observational studies. Applying the observational decomposition to global climate model output, the two different lines of evidence are surprisingly similar, with a much better agreement on the magnitude of aerosol impacts on cloud properties. Cloud adjustments remain a significant source of uncertainty, particularly for ice clouds. However, they are consistent with the uncertainty from observation-based methods, with the liquid water path adjustment usually enhancing the Twomey effect by less than 50 %. Depending on different sets of assumptions, this work suggests that model and observation-based estimates could be more equally weighted in future synthesis studies.
Modeling global radiative effect of brown carbon: A larger heating source in the tropical free troposphere than black carbon
Authors: Zhang Aoxing , Wang Yuhang , Zhang Yuzhong , Weber Rodney J. , Song Yongjia , Ke Ziming , Zou Yufei
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Carbonaceous aerosols significantly affect global radiative forcing and climate through absorption and scattering of sunlight. Black carbon (BC) and brown carbon (BrC) are light-absorbing carbonaceous aerosols. The direct radiative effect (DRE) of BrC is uncertain. A recent study suggests that BrC absorption is comparable to BC in the upper troposphere over biomass burning regions and that the resulting radiative heating tends to stabilize the atmosphere. Yet current climate models do not include proper physical and chemical treatments of BrC. In this study, we derived a BrC global biomass burning emission inventory on the basis of the Global Fire Emissions Database 4 (GFED4), developed a BrC module in the Community Atmosphere Model version 5 (CAM5) of Community Earth System Model (CESM) model, and investigated the photo-bleaching effect and convective transport of BrC on the basis of Studies of Emissions, Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys (SEAC4RS) and Deep Convective Clouds and Chemistry Project (DC-3) measurements. The model simulations of BC were also evaluated using HIAPER (High-Performance Instrumented Airborne Platform for Environmental Research) Pole-to-Pole Observations (HIPPO) measurements. We found that globally BrC is a significant absorber, the DRE of which is 0.10 W/m2, more than 25 % of BC DRE (+0.39 W/m2). Most significantly, model results indicated that BrC atmospheric heating in the tropical mid and upper troposphere is larger than that of BC. The source of tropical BrC is mainly from wildfires, which are more prevalent in the tropical regions than higher latitudes and release much more BrC relative to BC than industrial sources. While BC atmospheric heating is skewed towards northern mid-latitude lower atmosphere, BrC heating is more centered in the tropical free troposphere. The contribution of BrC heating to the Hadley circulation and latitudinal expansion of the tropics is comparable to BC heating.
Global analysis for periodic variations in gravity wave squared amplitudes and momentum fluxes in the middle atmosphere
Authors: Chen Dan , Strube Cornelia , Ern Manfred , Preusse Peter , Riese Martin
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Atmospheric gravity waves (GWs) are an important coupling mechanism in the middle atmosphere. For instance, they provide a large part of the driving of long-period atmospheric oscillations such as the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) and the semiannual oscillation (SAO) and are in turn modulated. They also induce the wind reversal in the mesosphere–lower thermosphere region (MLT) and the residual mean circulation at these altitudes. In this study, the variations in monthly zonal mean gravity wave square temperature amplitudes (GWSTAs) and, for the first time, absolute gravity wave momentum flux (GWMF) on different timescales such as the annual, semiannual, terannual and quasi-biennial variations are investigated by spectrally analyzing SABER observations from 2002 to 2015. Latitude–altitude cross sections of spectral amplitudes and phases of GWSTA and absolute GWMF in the stratosphere and mesosphere are presented and physically interpreted. It is shown that the time series of GWSTA and GWMF at a certain altitude and latitude results from the complex interplay of GW sources, propagation through and filtering in lower altitudes, oblique propagation superposing GWs from different source locations, and, finally, the modulation of the GW spectrum by the winds at a considered altitude and latitude. The strongest component is the annual variation, dominated in the summer hemisphere by subtropical convective sources and in the winter hemisphere by polar vortex dynamics. At heights of the wind reversal, a 180∘ phase shift also occurs, which is at different altitudes for GWSTA and GWMF. In the intermediate latitudes a semiannual variation (SAV) is found. Dedicated GW modeling is used to investigate the nature of this SAV, which is a different phenomenon from the tropical SAO also seen in the data. In the tropics a stratospheric and a mesospheric QBO are found, which are, as expected, in antiphase. Indication for a QBO influence is also found at higher latitudes. In previous studies a terannual variation (TAV) was identified. In the current study we explain its origin. In particular the observed patterns for the shorter periods, SAV and TAV, can only be explained by poleward propagation of GWs from the lower-stratosphere subtropics into the midlatitude and high-latitude mesosphere. In this way, critical wind filtering in the lowermost stratosphere is avoided and this oblique propagation is hence likely an important factor for MLT dynamics.
Emulating Earth System Model temperatures: from global mean
temperature trajectories to grid-point level realizations on land
Authors: Beusch Lea , Gudmundsson Lukas , Seneviratne Sonia I.
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Earth System Models (ESMs) are invaluable tools to study the climate system's response to specific greenhouse gas emission pathways. Large single-model initial-condition and multi-model ensembles are used to investigate the range of possible responses and serve as input to climate impact and integrated assessment models. Thereby, climate signal uncertainty is propagated along the uncertainty chain and its effect on interactions between humans and the Earth system can be quantified. However, generating both single-model initial-condition and multi-model ensembles is computationally expensive. In this study, we assess the feasibility of geographically-explicit climate model emulation, i.e., of statistically producing large ensembles of global spatially and temporally correlated land temperature field time series at a negligible computational cost which closely resemble ESM runs spanning from 1870 to 2099. For this purpose, we develop a modular framework that consists of (i) a global mean temperature emulator, (ii) a local mean temperature emulator, and (iii) a local residual temperature variability emulator. We first show that to successfully mimic single-model initial-condition ensembles of yearly temperature, it is sufficient to train on a single ESM run, but separate emulators need to be calibrated for individual ESMs given fundamental inter-model differences. We then emulate 40 climate models of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) to create a super-ensemble, i.e., a large ensemble that closely resembles a multi-model initial-condition ensemble. Furthermore, the thereby emerging ESM-specific emulator calibration parameters provide essential insights on inter-model divergences across a broad range of scales which can be viewed as a model ID of core properties of each ESM. Our results highlight that, for temperature at the spatio-temporal scales considered here, it is likely more advantageous to invest computational resources into generating multi-model ensembles rather than large single-model initial-condition ensembles. Such multi-model ensembles can then be extended to super-ensembles with geographically-explicit temperature emulators like the one presented here.
Bolchem: an On-Line Coupled Mesoscale Chemistry Model
Authors: Cesari Rita , Maurizi Alberto , D'Isidoro Massimo , Landi Tony Christian , Mircea Mihaela , Russo Felicita , Malguzzi Piero , Tampieri Francesco
Published: July 2019

Abstract. This work presents the on-line coupled meteorology-chemistry transport model BOLCHEM based on the hydrostatic meteorological BOLAM model, the gas chemistry module SAPRC90 and the aerosol dynamic module AERO3. It includes parameterizations to describe natural source emissions, dry and wet removal processes, as well as the transport and dispersion of air pollutants. The equations for different processes are solved on the same grid during the same integretation step, by means of operator splitting method. The paper describes the model and shows the model performances at continental scale for oneyear run (December 2009–November 2010). The results show that BOLCHEM reproduces both O3 and PM10 at surface. For O3, we found the best agreement in the summer, with a correlation coefficient R of 0.7 and mean bias of 4.0. On the contrary, PM10 is better reproduced in the winter, with a correlation coefficient R of 0.6 and the mean bias MB of 6.7.
Dynamic upscaling of decomposition kinetics for carbon cycling models
Authors: Chakrawal Arjun , Herrmann Anke M. , Koestel Johannes , Jarsjö Jerker , Nunan Naoise , Kätterer Thomas , Manzoni Stefano
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The distribution of organic substrates and microorganism in soils is spatially heterogeneous at the micro-scale. Most soil carbon cycling models do not account for this micro-scale heterogeneity, which may affect predictions of carbon (C) fluxes and stocks. In this study, we hypothesize that the mean respiration rate R at the soil-core scale (i) is affected by the micro-scale spatial heterogeneity of substrate and microbes and (ii) depends upon the degree of this heterogeneity. To assess theoretically the effect of spatial heterogeneities on R, we contrast highly heterogeneous conditions with isolated patches of substrate and microbes versus spatially homogeneous conditions equivalent to those assumed in most soil C models. Moreover, we distinguish between biophysical heterogeneity, defined as the non-uniform spatial distribution of substrate and microbes, and full heterogeneity, defined as the non-uniform spatial distribution of substrate quality (or accessibility) in addition to biophysical heterogeneity. Three commonly used formulations for decomposition kinetics (linear, multiplicative and Michaelis-Menten) are considered in a coupled substrate-microbial biomass model valid at the micro-scale. We start with a 2D domain characterized by a heterogeneous substrate distribution and numerically simulate organic matter dynamics at each cell in the domain. To interpret the mean behavior of this spatially-explicit system, we propose an analytical scale transition approach in which micro-scale heterogeneities affect R through the second order spatial moments (spatial variances and covariances). It was not possible to capture the mean behavior of the heterogeneous system when the model assumed spatial homogeneity, because the second order moments cause the heterogeneous system to deviate from the behavior attained under homogeneous conditions. Consequently, R in the heterogeneous system can be higher or lower than the respiration of the homogeneous system, depending on the sign of the second order spatial moments. This effect of the spatial heterogeneities appears in the upscaled nonlinear decomposition formulations, whereas the upscaled linear decomposition model deviates from homogeneous conditions only when substrate quality is heterogeneous. Thus, this study highlights the inadequacy of applying at the macro-scale the same decomposition formulations valid at the micro-scale, and proposes a scale transition approach as a way forward to capture micro-scale dynamics in core-scale models.
Basin-scale multi-objective simulation-optimization modeling for conjunctive use of surface water and groundwater in northwest China
Authors: Song Jian , Yang Yun , Sun Xiaomin , Lin Jin , Wu Ming , Wu Jianfeng , Wu Jichun
Published: July 2019

Abstract. In the arid inland basin of China, the long-term unregulated agriculture irrigation from surface water diversion and groundwater abstraction has caused unsustainability of water resources and degradation of ecosystems. This requires integrated management and conjunctive use of surface water (SW) and groundwater (GW) at basin scale to achieve scientific decision supports for water resources allocation in China. This study developed a novel multi-objective simulation-optimization (S-O) framework for sustainably conjunctive use of SW and GW in Yanqi Basin (YB), a typical arid region with intensive agricultural irrigation in northwest China. The S-O model integrates the new epsilon multi-objective memetic algorithm (ε-MOMA) with the MODFLOW-NWT based simulation model for examining the hydraulic interactions between SW and GW. Four conjunctive management objectives, involving maximizations of total water supply rate, groundwater storage change and surface runoff inflow to Bosten Lake, and minimization of total water delivery cost, were considered to explore the tradeoffs between socioeconomic development and environmental demands. The combined multi-objective SW and GW management model can achieve the tradeoffs in high-order objective spaces by considering groundwater abstraction in the irrigation districts and surface water diversion from the river, so as to avoid the prevalence of decision bias caused by the low-dimensional optimization formulation. Decision-makers are then able to identify their desired water use schemes with preferred objectives in the post-optimization and achieve maximal socioeconomic and ecological benefits. Furthermore, three representative runoff scenarios under changing climatic conditions were specified to quantify the influence of decreasing runoff in Kaidu River on the YB water management. Results show that runoff reduction would be of great negative impact on the total water supply, surface runoff inflow to the lake and regional groundwater storage in the aquifer. Therefore, the integrated SW and GW management is of critical importance for the protection of the fragile hydro-ecosystem under changing climatic conditions.
The influence of land use and land cover change on landslide susceptibility: A case study in Zhushan Town, Xuanen County (Hubei, China)
Authors: Chen Lixia , Guo Zizheng , Yin Kunlong , Shrestha Dhruba Pikha , Jin Shikuan
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Land use and land cover change can have effect on the land by increasing/decreasing landslide susceptibility (LS) in the mountainous areas. In the southwestern hilly and mountainous part of China, land use and land cover change (LUCC) has been taking place in the recent past due to infrastructure development and increase in economic activities. These development activities can also bring negative effects: the sloping area may become susceptible to landsliding due to undercutting of slopes. The study aims at evaluating the influence of land use and land cover change on landslide susceptibility at regional scale, based on the application of Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) technologies. Specific objective is to answer the question: which land cover/land use change poses the highest risk so that mitigation measures can be implemented in time? The Zhushan Town, Xuanen County in the southwest of China was taken as the study area and the spatial distribution of landslides was determined from visual interpretation of aerial photographs and remote sensing images, as well as field survey. Two types of land use/land cover (LUC) maps, with a time interval covering 21 years (1992–2013), were prepared: the first was obtained through the neural net classification of images acquired in 1992, the second through the object-oriented classification of images in 2002 and 2013. Landslide susceptible areas were analyzed using logistic regression models. In this process, six landslide influencing factors were chosen as the landslide susceptibility indices. Moreover, we applied a hydrologic analysis method achieving slope unit (SU) delineation to optimize the partitioning of the terrain. The results indicate that the LUCC in the region was mainly the transformation from the grassland and arable land to the forest land and the human engineering activities land (HEAL). The areas of these two kind of LUC increased by 34.3 % and 1.9 %, respectively. The comparison of landslide susceptibility maps in various periods revealed that human engineering activities was the most important factor to increase LS in this region. Such results underline that a more reasonable land use planning in the urbanization process is necessary.
The Mediating Role of Environmental Attitude on the Impact of Environmental Concern on Green Product Purchasing Intention
Authors: Onurlubaş Ebru
Published: July 2019

Environmental pollution, increasing damages in the nature and deformation of ecosytem have started to worry consumers and the environemental concern has formed in time. Consumers who have environmental concern and wish to lend a healthy and clean environment to next generations, then started to consider the damages of their products to the nature in a higher degree. Thus, consumers with environmental concern have placed more importance to green products, which do not pollute the nature, use natural resources less, enable recycling, but are environmental friendly. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of environmental concern on green product purchase intention, and to also investigate the mediating role of environmental attitude on the mentioned impact. Research data were gathered from 410 individuals residing in İzmir city using the face-to-face questionnaire method. Then, the data were tested with Crobach Alpha Method, Test of Normality, Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Structural Equation Modeling and Sobel test. Based on research findings, it is observed that environmental attitude has a mediating role on the impact of environmental concern on green product purchasing intention. It is also determined that, environmental concern has a meaningful impact on environmental attitude and green product purchasing intention, and environmental attitude has a meaningful impact on green product purchasing intention.
When A Parent Is Not Apparent
Authors: Weiner Merle H.
Published: July 2019

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Reassessing The Alternatives: The Elimination Of Pennsylvania Property Taxes, The Consequences, And How Property Assessment Laws Could Help
Authors: Davis Josh
Published: July 2019

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Two Years Of Judicial Selection In The Trump Administration
Authors: Luther III Robert
Published: July 2019

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Fundición artística de objetos complejos impresos en 3D con PLA (ácido poliláctico) como alternativa al modelo de cera
Authors: Díaz-Alemán Manuel Drago , Meier Cecile , Pérez-Conesa Itahisa , Saorín J. Luis
Published: July 2019

En este trabajo se abordan las estrategias que permitan la introducción de modelos diseñados por ordenador como sustitutos de los modelos de cera utilizados tradicionalmente en la fundición artística. Estos modelos digitales, se fabrican mediante impresión 3D en ácido poliláctico (PLA), material que por sus propiedades se presenta como un sustituto viable a la cera, dentro de los procesos de fundición artística mediante cascarilla cerámica (Ceramic Shell casting). Para comprobar la viabilidad se han diseñado dos modelos complejos y difícilmente realizables con técnicas tradicionales. En concreto, un busto figurativo hueco y una síntesis figurativa de formas vegetales con una solución estructural de gradiente. Además se hizo un estudio con diferentes técnicas para unificar la textura de capas que presentan los objetos fabricados mediante impresión 3D. Se comprueba que es viable introducir los modelos de PLA en el proceso de fundición a menor coste y menor tiempo que con técnicas tradicionales. Además se pueden fundir formas en metal que no son posibles de crear con técnicas manuales.
Del muro al grafiti en la obra de Antoni Tàpies
Authors: Cascales Raquel
Published: July 2019

El estudio de los grafitis de Antoni Tàpies que se lleva a cabo en este artículo pretende profundizar en un aspecto poco considerado de la obra del autor y, sin embargo, crucial para comprender el conjunto de su obra. Esta perspectiva permite destacar el interés del artista por superar la separación entre arte y vida, recontextualizándolo más allá de la corriente informalista en las que se le ha encasillado y acercándolo a los movimientos internacionales del arte de acción. Para explicar esta recontextualización se examinará, en primer lugar, la aparición del muro en su obra, para poder ver, posteriormente, cómo surge el grafiti. Dentro del segundo apartado se diferenciarán dos etapas distintas que ayudan a ver cómo el desarrollo de los grafitis de Tàpies está en relación con las transformaciones acontecidas en el terreno del grafiti a nivel internacional. De este modo, el artículo pretende ampliar el marco interpretativo de la obra de Tàpies, que adquiere así una coherencia mayor y abre su obra a nuevos significados.
Women’s bodies as dominated territories: Intersectionality and performance in contemporary art from Mexico, Central America and the Hispanic Caribbean
Authors: Quiñones-Otal Emilia
Published: July 2019

Since the 1970s, artists from Central America, Mexico and the Hispanic Caribbean have explored the connection between imperialism and gender violence through innovative artistic proposals. Their research has led them to use the female body as a metaphor for both the invaded geographical territory and the patriarchal incursion into women’s lives. This trend has received little to no attention and it behooves us to understand why it has happened and, more importantly, how the artists are proposing we examine this double violence endured by the women who live or used to live in countries with a colonial present or past. The resulting images are powerful, interesting, and a great contribution to Latin America’s artistic heritage. This study proposes that research yet to be done in other Global areas where colonies has been established, since it is possible that this trend can be understood, not only as an element of the Latin American artistic canon, but also integral to all of non-Western art.
Voz del alumnado y mejora docente. Una investigación en centros educativos en Cantabria
Authors: Saiz-Linares Ángela , Ceballos-López Noelia , Susinos-Rada Teresa
Published: July 2019

Configurar espacios dialógicos en las aulas donde se escuchen las voces del alumnado para comprender qué visión tiene este colectivo sobre la realidad educativa representa un elemento de valor para propiciar procesos reflexivos en los docentes dirigidos a la transformación y a la mejora escolar. En este trabajo presentamos algunas de estas reflexiones, que proceden de una serie de entrevistas semi-estructuradas realizadas a 31 profesionales educativos (orientadores, directores, maestros especialistas...) que han participado en la puesta en marcha de experiencias de voz del alumnado en 9 escuelas de Educación Infantil, Primaria y Secundaria de Cantabria (España). Utilizamos una codificación temática para sistematizar los significados que estos profesionales entrevistados atribuyen a dichas experiencias. Los resultados más relevantes analizan cómo el proyecto colaborativo ha ayudado a construir una cultura escolar más democrática; cómo escuchar la voz del alumnado ha suscitado cambios en su labor docente hacia un profesional más dialógico e inclusivo; y de qué manera han trasformado la imagen sobre sus alumnos hasta verles como compañeros críticos en los procesos de cambio.
¿Cómo mejorar el aprendizaje? Influencia de la autoestima en el aprendizaje del estudiante universitario
Authors: González-Vázquez Beatriz
Published: July 2019

En Educación es primordial conocer las variables psicológicas y neurocognitivas que favorecen el aprendizaje, y la autoestima es una de las más importantes, por ello resulta fundamental analizar las influencias entre autoestima y aprendizaje. El objetivo de este trabajo es doble: por un lado, contrastar la hipótesis de que una autoestima realista o ligeramente positiva, aumenta la percepción del aprendizaje obtenido, mientras que una autoestima baja no lo favorece. Por otro lado, comprobar si se incrementa la correlación entre la autoestima y la autopercepción del aprendizaje al medirlos exclusivamente en aspectos concretos. Para contrastar la primera hipótesis se emplea la metodología de análisis cluster a una muestra de 122 estudiantes universitarios en función de su percepción del aprendizaje obtenido, y partiendo de una novedosa manera de medir la autoestima. Los resultados corroboran la primera hipótesis sugerida; sin embargo, el segundo objetivo sólo se confirma parcialmente. El análisis permite extraer recomendaciones para mejorar el aprendizaje del alumnado.
Pensamiento reflexivo en la educación superior: aportaciones desde las metodologías narrativas
Authors: Sabariego Puig Marta , Sánchez Martí Angelina , Cano Hila Ana Belén
Published: July 2019

Este estudio presenta el efecto de las metodologías narrativas para el fomento del pensamiento reflexivo en la construcción del conocimiento y el desarrollo competencial de los estudiantes de los Grados de Maestro de la Universidad de Barcelona. Se ha utilizado un método mixto con un diseño de triangulación que combina técnicas complementarias: un cuestionario sobre el pensamiento reflexivo autoadministrado a 215 alumnos/as de dos asignaturas obligatorias y grupos de discusión para profundizar en la narrativa del proceso, la vivencia y la satisfacción del aprendizaje por parte del alumnado. El tratamiento de los datos se ha llevado a cabo mediante la triangulación de técnicas estadísticas y procedimientos de análisis de datos cualitativos para la profundización secuencial de la información. Se concluye que la escritura y el relato reflexivos favorecen una relación pensante con lo que hace el estudiante, y requieren de su autorregulación y actitud proactiva en un proceso de aprendizaje participativo-guiado donde se auto-y-co-forma. El uso de actividades basadas en la reflexión también contribuye a aumentar la conciencia del sentido del aprendizaje, el esfuerzo por aprender y a valorar diferentes puntos de vista. En el plano de la enseñanza implican un cambio de enfoque hacia una docencia orientada al aprendizaje, con nuevos espacios donde el soporte y la retroalimentación integrados en la evaluación formativa cobran una gran relevancia y requieren mayor tiempo que en situaciones de enseñanza-aprendizaje tradicional.
A Review of Existing Debates That Have Persisted Over the Choice of Language as a Medium of Instruction in Ghanaian Classrooms
Authors: Anani Gifty Edna
Published: July 2019

The choice of language to use as a medium of instruction across the curriculum in schools has been a contentious issue in Africa. Ghana, like many multilingual African countries, has not been spared this serious challenge of language choice. In fact, it has become a worrying issue of concern to many Ghanaians who have an interest in education. This paper provides snapshots of varied opinions on selecting a language as a medium of instruction in Ghanaian classrooms. It discusses the existing debates on the use of English language as a medium of instruction and also asserts the writer’s stance on the subject. Finally, the paper concludes by advocating the support for Ghanaian languages as a medium of instruction across the curriculum at the lower primary level.
Successful treatment of severe idiopathic mixed autoimmune hemolytic anemia with bortezomib and intravenous immunoglobulin
Authors: Chineke Iloabueke , Kagbo-Kue Suaka , Aniekwena Judith , Rose Myra
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a rare and diverse group of acquired hemolytic anemias which results from increased destruction of red blood cells (RBCs) due to autoantibodies directed against antigens on the RBC surface. Currently, there are no clearly defined evidence-based guidelines on the management of AIHA, and current treatment options are based on small retrospective studies, case reports, as well as expert experiences and recommendations. We report a case of severe idiopathic mixed AIHA that responded to a combination of steroids, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and bortezomib.

Case Report: A 25-year-old African American female presented with jaundice, shortness of breath, and abdominal pain. She had splenomegaly on examination and initial work-up was significant for severe anemia (hemoglobin, 3.3 g/dl) and hyperbilirubinemia (total bilirubin, 26.7 mg/dl; direct bilirubin, 21.9 mg/dl). Direct antiglobulin test (DAT) was microscopically positive for anti-IgG and anti-C3d, and cold autoantibodies were identified. An extensive workup for a possible secondary cause of her anemia was non-revealing. She was sequentially treated with prednisone, IVIG, and bortezomib. Marked response was noted as evidenced by improvement in the hemoglobin from a nadir of 3.2 g/dl on admission to 10.1 at discharge. Patient has remained clinically in remission since then.

Conclusion: The first line treatment for warm AIHA (w-AIHA) includes glucocorticoids and transfusion of least incompatible RBCs. Steroids are rarely necessary or effective in cold agglutinin AIHA in which case high dose IVIG and plasmapheresis have been used albeit with inconsistent results. Bortezomib is an inhibitor of the 26S proteasome and is approved for the treatment of multiple myeloma. It has been reported to have some activity in rituximabresistant cold agglutinin disease (CAD) due to its activity against the CD20-negative plasma cell compartment that may be responsible for IgG anti-RBC autoantibody production.
A Semantic Prosody Analysis on Two Synonymous Pairs in English Native Speakers’ and Chinese Learners’ Writings
Authors: Bi Zhou
Published: July 2019

The concept of semantic prosody has attracted great research interest in language teaching. Identifying learners’ perception of semantic prosody and collocation may be beneficial to vocabulary teaching. This study analyzes two pairs of synonyms in English writings of Chinese students and English native speakers based on the ICNALE corpus. The analysis finds that Chinese writers’ perception of semantic prosody is mostly consistent with that of native speakers. However, the use of collocation is quite different between them.
Earthquake Prediction in Physical Effects
Authors: Jiang Yaozhi
Published: July 2019

In the paper author describes an opinion which is based on: the crustal plate latitude direction force created by the variety of earth rotation angular velocity and the crustal plate longitude direction force created by earth rotation are main forces which are able to cause earthquake. At same time, author gives estimated value of these forces on main crustal plates around earth, and describes that five physical effects which can be used in earthquake prediction.
International Co-movements and Business Cycles Synchronization Among Advanced Economies: A SPBVAR Evidence
Authors: Pacifico Antonio
Published: July 2019

This paper provides new empirical insights in order to give a relevant contribution to the more recent literature on international transmission of shocks and on business cycles synchronization across developed economies, with a particular emphasis in the most recent recession and post-crisis consolidation. Interdependence, commonality and heterogeneity in macroeconomic-financial linkages are also identified in order to depict the perplexed nature of modern economies. A time-varying Structural Panel Bayesian Vector Autoregression (SPBVAR) model is developed to deal with model misspecification and unobserved heterogeneity problems when studying multicountry dynamic panels. The results argue for significant synchronization behind a relevant consolidation without delay. Additionally, consolidation is needed to underpin confidence in fiscal solvency at the country level and prevent adverse international externalities. My evidence calls for more integrated macroprudential and financial stability policies. It also shows that, when formulating policies or forecasting, additional transmission channels and economic-institutional issues through which fiscal contractions influence the dynamics of the GDP growth need to be accounted for in muticountry setups.
The influence of tin ions on growth and enzymatic activity of entomopathogenic fungi
Authors: Łopusiewicz Łukasz , Mazurkiewicz-Zapałowicz Kinga , Koniuszek Marta , Tkaczuk Cezary , Bartkowiak Artur
Published: July 2019

In this in vitro study, the influence of tin ions at concentrations of 1–1,000 ppm on the development and enzymatic activity of four entomopathogenic fungi (Beauveria bassiana, B. brongniartii, Isaria fumosorosea, and Metarhizium robertsii), that are commonly used in biological plant protection, are examined. Each of the fungal species tested reacted differently to contact with the Sn2+ ions at the tested concentrations. Exposure to Sn2+ ions affected the rate of development, morphology, and enzymatic activity of fungi. Of the four fungal species studied, M. robertsii was the most resistant and showed complete growth inhibition at the highest Sn2+ concentration tested (1,000 ppm). For the other entomopathogenic fungi, the fungicidal effect of Sn2+ ions was noted at the concentration of 750 ppm. Exposure to Sn2+ ions (up to 500 ppm) resulted in enhanced biochemical activity; and all entomopathogens that were tested showed increased production of N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase (NAG) as well as several proteases. Moreover, B. brongniartii and M. roberstii showed increased lipases synthesis. These changes may increase the pathogenicity of the fungi, thereby making them more effective in limiting the population of pest insects. The exposure of the entomopathogenic fungi to a medium containing Sn2+ ions, at concentrations that were appropriate for each species, induced hyperproduction of hydrolases, which might be involved in aiding the survival of entomopathogenic fungi in the presence of heavy metals. This study shows that the fungistatic effect of Sn2+ on entomopathogenic fungi did not restrict their pathogenicity, as evidenced by the stimulation of the production of enzymes that are involved in the infection of insects.
Tax-in or Tax-out? Evidence from the relation of financial performance and effective taxation of Czech subsidiaries under foreign control
Authors: Procházka David
Published: July 2019

The paper evaluates the financial performance of Czech entities under control of companies listed in the EU and its relation to effective tax rates. Using individual corporate data, empirical evidence of 4,917 year-firm observations indicates a wide dispersion both in performance and taxation. The domicile of the parent has an impact on the subsidiary’s effective tax rate and the effective taxation of Czech subsidiaries under control of foreign listed parents is significantly lower than for other Czech companies. Despite exhibiting tax avoidance to some extent, the data reveal significant variability in relative tax rates suggesting that the majority of foreign parents from western and northern EU countries prefer to tax profits in the Czech Republic rather than elsewhere. Shifting profits to the Czech Republic results in superior reporting performance of the affected subsidiaries. In contrast, empirical evidence shows that parent companies from southern EU countries seek ways to avoid taxation. The unclear tax motives of both parent company groups hinder an appropriate assessment of the financial performance of subsidiaries from being conducted.
The assessed usefulness of management accounting in Romania and Poland: a comparative contingency-based study
Authors: Almasan Alina , Circa Cristina , Dobroszek Justyna , Zarzycka Ewelina
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this paper is to investigate how selected contingency factors, such as the company profile and the managers’ profile, impact on the usefulness of management accounting (MA) in two Eastern European countries: Romania and Poland. In order to achieve the objective of the paper, we employed a questionnaire-based survey addressed to managers of randomly selected companies from various industries. Data were processed by means of several statistical tests, as well as classification and regression trees (C&RT) and the results were interpreted in the historical context of the two countries. Our investigation showed that management accounting in both countries is oriented towards providing useful information for budgeting and cost control. There is no interest in preparing and communicating information meant to support strategy implementation. It was also found that the information delivered to management is seldom employed in supporting the decision-making process, where its usefulness is rated as relatively low. The most important predictor variable for the assessment of Polish managers is the origin of the company’s capital, followed by the education of the managers, while in Romania the assessment is mainly influenced by the managers’ function and the origin of capital. The paper contributes to the development of literature in this field by complementing the existing research on MA development in CEE countries, and identifying the internal factors that lead to managers from the two countries perceiving MA usefulness differently.

Keywords: management accounting information; usefulness; assessment; comparison; contingency factors; classification and regression trees
Inward Foreign Direct Investment and National Innovative Capacity
Authors: Andrijauskiene Meda , Dumčiuvienė Daiva
Published: July 2019

A remarkable increase in the attention devoted to national innovative capacity (NIC) has been noticed over the last decades. There is a strong debate whether a country’s national innovative capacity is entirely determined by local effects or it is also influenced by global network position and international economic activities. Furthermore, despite its’ importance, there is a lack of studies which take the variables of non-technological innovation into account. This paper aims to fill the empirical research gap by focusing on inward foreign direct investment as an input of NIC and engaging non–technological innovation as an output in NIC models. An investigation of 28 European Union (EU) Member States in the period of 2013-2016 shows that EU has a great intellectual capacity of human capital which drives both technological and non-technological innovation. The regression analysis revealed that the international transmission of knowledge through inward FDI and import boost the employment in knowledge-intensive sectors and has a positive effect on trademark and design applications. The findings thus help to better understand the role of international economic activities in enhancing national innovative capacity and facilitate EU efforts to catch up with the strongest innovators in the World.
El metabolismo en Marx: apuntes desde la ontología del trabajo
Authors: García Palacios Moisés
Published: July 2019

En la obra madura de Marx hay una definición del trabajo articulada en torno a la metáfora del metabolismo entre seres humanos y naturaleza. En el presente artículo pretendemos mostrar que dicha definición pertenece al ámbito de la ontología, pues hay un tanto un interés metódico en presentar el trabajo en su forma esencial y abstracta ─antes de cualquier subsunción en un sistema económico concreto─ como una tarea desveladora.
Una aproximación a la génesis de las potencias de lo falso en Gilles Deleuze
Authors: Martínez Vilajuana Sergio
Published: July 2019

En el presente trabajo nos aproximaremos a Gilles Deleuze problematizando lo que él llama potencias de lo falso. Para argumentar esto, buscaremos relacionar aquellas potencias con lo que el filósofo francés denomina caos-cosmos. En principio, consideraremos, como una guía para sostener aquella relación, la inversión del platonismo propuesta por Deleuze. Pues bien, quizá el problema que presentan las potencias de lo falso es el de la verdad en tanto producción. Será en este último sentido que sostendremos que se encontraría la verdad de lo falso en la relación entre arte y pensamiento.