bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maternal Work and Spontaneous Preterm Birth: A Multicenter Observational Study in Brazil
Authors: Buen Mariana , Amaral Eliana , Souza Renato T. , Passini Renato , Lajos Giuliane J. , Tedesco Ricardo P. , Nomura Marcelo L. , Dias Tábata Z. , Rehder Patrícia M. , Sousa Maria Helena , Cecatti José Guilherme ,   the Brazilian Multicentre Study on Preterm Birth Study Group†, Marba Sérgio T. , Matias Jacinta P. , Maia Filho Nelson L. , Borges Vera T. M. , Oliveira Laércio R. , Oliveira Tenilson A. , Assumpção Augusta M. B. , Moreira Maria E. L. , Guedes Marcela , Senger Cintia E , Vettorazzi Janete , Martinez Francisco E. , Quintana Silvana M. , Melli Patricia P. S. , Lima Antonio C. F. Barbosa , Leite Debora F. , Melo Junior Elias , Nascimento Denis J. , Tristão Edson G. , Siqueira Luciana F. , Coutinho Pedro R. , Guinsburg Ruth , Zamarian Ana C. P. , Souza Eduardo , Martins Marilia G. , Nunes Marynea V. , Paiva Claudio S. M. , Freire Djacyr M. C. , Lima Moisés D. , Porto Ana M. F. , Coelho Isabela C. , Melo Adriana S. O. , Melo Fabiana O. , Amorim Melânia M. R. , Menezes Carlos A. S. , Aquino Marcelo , Feitosa Francisco E. L. , Chaves George N. , Silveira Miriam R. F. , Sass Nelson , Lotufo Fátima A. H. , Uzilin Kaliane P. , Andreucci Carla B. , Zanette Elvira A. O.
Published: June 2020

Spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) is a major pregnancy complication involving biological, social, behavioural and environmental mechanisms. Workload, shift and intensity may play a role in the occurrence of sPTB. This analysis is aimed addressing the effect of occupational activities on the risk for sPTB and the related outcomes. We conducted a secondary analysis of the EMIP study, a Brazilian multicentre cross-sectional study. For this analysis, we included 1,280 singleton sPTB and 1,136 singleton term birth cases. Independent variables included sociodemographic characteristics, clinical complications, work characteristics, and physical effort devoted to household chores. A backward multiple logistic regression analysis was applied for a model using work characteristics, controlled by cluster sampling design. On bivariate analysis, discontinuing work during pregnancy and working until the 7th month of pregnancy were risks for premature birth while working during the 8th - 9th month of pregnancy, prolonged standing during work and doing household chores appeared to be protective against sPTB during pregnancy. Previous preterm birth, polyhydramnios, vaginal bleeding, stopping work during pregnancy, or working until the 7th month of pregnancy were risk factors in the multivariate analysis. The protective effect of variables compatible with exertion during paid work may represent a reverse causality. Nevertheless, a reduced risk associated with household duties, and working until the 8th-9th month of pregnancy support the hypothesis that some sort of physical exertion may provide actual protection against sPTB.
Transparent heater with meshed amorphous oxide/metal/amorphous oxide for electric vehicle applications
Authors: Lee Sang Yeol , Hwang Jin Young
Published: June 2020

For electric vehicle application, one of the problems to be solved is defrosting or defogging a windshield or a side mirror without gas-fired heaters. In this paper, we report on a high performance of transparent heater with meshed amorphous-SiInZnO (SIZO)/ Ag/ amorphous-SiInZnO (SIZO) (SAS) for pure electric vehicles. We have adopted amorphous oxide materials like SIZO since SIZO is well known amorphous oxide materials showing high transparency and smooth surface roughness. With the mesh processing technology, a transparent electrode with high transmittance of 91% and low sheet resistance of 13.8 Ω/ϒ was implemented. When a 10 V supply voltage is applied to transparent heater, the transparent heater on glass substrate was heated up to 130oC in just 5 seconds and then reached to 250oC after tens of seconds due to the low sheet resistance. In addition, the SAS transparent meshed heater (TMH) showed high stability under cycling test and long time working stability test.
Author Correction: The first Q-Tube based high-pressure synthesis of anti-cancer active thiazolo[4,5-c]pyridazines via the [4  +  2] cyclocondensation of 3-oxo-2-arylhydrazonopropanals with 4-thiazolidinones
Authors: Ibrahim Hamada Mohamed , Behbehani Haider
Published: June 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Malodorous biogenic amines in Escherichia coli-caused urinary tract infections in women—a metabolomics approach
Authors: Puebla-Barragan Scarlett , Renaud Justin , Sumarah Mark , Reid Gregor
Published: June 2020

Many women suffer from urinary tract infections (UTIs). In addition to pain and increased urgency to urinate, malodour is a significant issue for these patients. The specific factors causing this malodour are unclear, and there are no targeted treatment options to counteract it effectively. We used a metabolomics approach to compare the chemical composition of metabolites in the urine of women withE. coliUTIs (n = 15)and those who are healthy (n = 10). The biogenic amines trimethylamine and putrescine, which cause malodour in other urogenital conditions, were significantly increased in UTI patients. Conversely, the precursor of trimethylamine, trimethylamineN-oxide, was lower. To further confirm the source of the malodorous compounds,in vitroexperiments were conducted by incubating strains of uropathogenicE. coliin sterilized urine from healthy women. All tested strains accumulated trimethylamine and putrescine. Notably, cadaverine was also produced byE. colistrainsin vitro;however, it was not significantly different between both groups. We confirmed that the malodorous amines TMA and putrescine are found in higher concentrations in the urine of patients with anE.coli-caused UTI.
Spatial Association Effect of Haze Pollution in Cheng-Yu Urban Agglomeration
Authors: Zhang Degang , Lu Yuanquan , Tian Yuan
Published: June 2020

This study takes a network perspective to examine the spatial spillover effects of haze pollution in Cheng-Yu urban agglomeration which is the fourth largest urban agglomeration and a comprehensive demonstration zone of new urbanization in China. Firstly, we use Granger causality test to construct haze pollution spatial association network, and then we apply social network analysis to reveal the structural characteristics of this network. The results show that: haze pollution in Cheng-Yu urban agglomeration is a complex multithreaded network. Chongqing, Chengdu, Guang’an, Luzhou, Deyang and Nanchong are the centers of the network, sending and transmitting the most relationships. The haze pollution spatial association network can be divided into net beneficiary block, net overflow block, bilateral overflow block and broker block. These four blocks present obvious geographical distribution characteristics and are partly related to the difference of urbanization. The above results contribute by illustrating the current spatial spillover situation of haze pollution and provide a theoretical foundation for the government that it should simultaneously consider cities’ statues and their spatial spillover effects in the network rather than simple geographic proximity when formulating future haze pollution control policies in urban agglomeration.
Metal-matrix nanocomposites under compressive loading: Towards an understanding of how twinning formation can enhance their plastic deformation
Authors: Kardani A. , Montazeri A.
Published: June 2020

Recently, Cu-Ag nanocomposites (NCs) have been extensively used as medical implants and surgical instruments due to their antibacterial properties. Consequently, mechanical behavior analysis of these NCs is of crucial importance with emphasis on their plastic deformation mechanisms. From the materials science perspective, dislocations slip at the room temperature and high strain rates conditions is hindered. However, copper and silver, as two metals with low stacking fault energy are prone to twin formation. Since microstructural changes in these nanostructured composites occur at the atomic scale, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is undoubtedly a great tool to use. Accordingly, in the present research, first, the deformation mechanism of perfect copper-silver NCs under uniaxial compression is deeply analyzed employing MD. This is followed by inspection of the voids effect on their plastic deformation process. The results show that twinning is the dominant mechanism governing their deformation under uniaxial compressive loading conditions. It is revealed that twins are created by the conversion of internal stacking faults to their external counterparts. Also, investigation of the microstructural evolution demonstrates that the presence of voids within NC samples provides new sites for nucleation of Shockley dislocations in addition to the interface zone. Finally, to address the effect of interfacial coherency on the results, copper-based NCs infused with gold and nickel nanoparticles are also thoroughly examined.
Occurrence and seasonal variability of Dense Shelf Water Cascades along Australian continental shelves
Authors: Mahjabin Tanziha , Pattiaratchi Charitha , Hetzel Yasha
Published: June 2020

Transport of water between the coast and the deeper ocean, across the continental shelf, is an important process for the distribution of biota, nutrients, suspended and dissolved material on the shelf. Presence of denser water on the inner continental shelf results in a cross-shelf density gradient that drives a gravitational circulation with offshore transport of denser water along the sea bed that is defined as Dense Shelf Water Cascade (DSWC). Analysis of field data, collected from multiple ocean glider data missions around Australia, confirmed that under a range of wind and tidal conditions, DSWC was a regular occurrence during autumn and winter months over a coastline spanning > 10,000 km. It is shown that even in the presence of relatively high wind- and tidal-induced vertical mixing, DSWCs were present due to the strength of the cross-shelf density gradient. The occurrence of DSWC around Australia is unique with continental scale forcing through air-sea fluxes that overcome local wind and tidal forcing. It is shown that DSWC acts as a conduit to transport suspended material across the continental shelf and is a critical process that influences water quality on the inner continental shelf.
Genetic aetiology of self-harm ideation and behaviour
Authors: Campos Adrian I. , Verweij Karin J. H. , Statham Dixie J. , Madden Pamela A. F. , Maciejewski Dominique F. , Davis Katrina A. S. , John Ann , Hotopf Matthew , Heath Andrew C. , Martin Nicholas G. , Rentería Miguel E.
Published: June 2020

Family studies have identified a heritable component to self-harm that is partially independent from comorbid psychiatric disorders. However, the genetic aetiology of broad sense (non-suicidal and suicidal) self-harm has not been characterised on the molecular level. In addition, controversy exists about the degree to which suicidal and non-suicidal self-harm share a common genetic aetiology. In the present study, we conduct genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on lifetime self-harm ideation and self-harm behaviour (i.e. any lifetime self-harm act regardless of suicidal intent) using data from the UK Biobank (n > 156,000). We also perform genome wide gene-based tests and characterize the SNP heritability and genetic correlations between these traits. Finally, we test whether polygenic risk scores (PRS) for self-harm ideation and self-harm behaviour predict suicide attempt, suicide thoughts and non-suicidal self-harm (NSSH) in an independent target sample of 8,703 Australian adults. Our GWAS results identified one genome-wide significant locus associated with each of the two phenotypes. SNP heritability (hsnp2) estimates were ~10%, and both traits were highly genetically correlated (LDSC rg > 0.8). Gene-based tests identified seven genes associated with self-harm ideation and four with self-harm behaviour. Furthermore, in the target sample, PRS for self-harm ideation were significantly associated with suicide thoughts and NSSH, and PRS for self-harm behaviour predicted suicide thoughts and suicide attempt. Follow up regressions identified a shared genetic aetiology between NSSH and suicide thoughts, and between suicide thoughts and suicide attempt. Evidence for shared genetic aetiology between NSSH and suicide attempt was not statistically significant.
Assessment of Luminal and Basal Phenotypes in Bladder Cancer
Authors: Guo Charles C. , Bondaruk Jolanta , Yao Hui , Wang Ziqiao , Zhang Li , Lee Sangkyou , Lee June-Goo , Cogdell David , Zhang Miao , Yang Guoliang , Dadhania Vipulkumar , Choi Woonyoung , Wei Peng , Gao Jianjun , Theodorescu Dan , Logothetis Christopher , Dinney Colin , Kimmel Marek , Weinstein John N. , McConkey David J. , Czerniak Bogdan
Published: June 2020

Genomic profiling studies have demonstrated that bladder cancer can be divided into two molecular subtypes referred to as luminal and basal with distinct clinical behaviors and sensitivities to frontline chemotherapy. We analyzed the mRNA expressions of signature luminal and basal genes in bladder cancer tumor samples from publicly available and MD Anderson Cancer Center cohorts. We developed a quantitative classifier referred to as basal to luminal transition (BLT) score which identified the molecular subtypes of bladder cancer with 80–94% sensitivity and 83–93% specificity. In order to facilitate molecular subtyping of bladder cancer in primary care centers, we analyzed the protein expressions of signature luminal (GATA3) and basal (KRT5/6) markers by immunohistochemistry, which identified molecular subtypes in over 80% of the cases. In conclusion, we provide a tool for assessment of molecular subtypes of bladder cancer in routine clinical practice.
Publisher Correction: Design and efficient synthesis of pyrazoline and isoxazole bridged indole C-glycoside hybrids as potential anticancer agents
Authors: Kumari Priti , Mishra Vishnu S. , Narayana Chintam , Khanna Ashish , Chakrabarty Anindita , Sagar Ram
Published: June 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Mutations in the C1 element of the insulin promoter lead to diabetic phenotypes in homozygous mice
Authors: Noguchi Hirofumi , Miyagi-Shiohira Chika , Nakashima Yoshiki , Kinjo Takao , Saitoh Issei , Watanabe Masami
Published: June 2020

Genome editing technologies such as CRISPR–Cas9 are widely used to establish causal associations between mutations and phenotypes. However, CRISPR–Cas9 is rarely used to analyze promoter regions. The insulin promoter region (approximately 1,000 bp) directs β cell-specific expression of insulin, which in vitro studies show is regulated by ubiquitous, as well as pancreatic, β cell-specific transcription factors. However, we are unaware of any confirmatory in vivo studies. Here, we used CRISPR–Cas9 technology to generate mice with mutations in the promoter regions of the insulin I (Ins1) and II (Ins2) genes. We generated 4 homozygous diabetic mice with 2 distinct mutations in the highly conserved C1 elements in each of the Ins1 and Ins2 promoters (3 deletions and 1 replacement in total). Remarkably, all mice with homozygous or heterozygous mutations in other loci were not diabetic. Thus, the C1 element in mice is required for Ins transcription in vivo.
Chemogenomic profiling of breast cancer patient-derived xenografts reveals targetable vulnerabilities for difficult-to-treat tumors
Authors: Savage Paul , Pacis Alain , Kuasne Hellen , Liu Leah , Lai Daniel , Wan Adrian , Dankner Matthew , Martinez Constanza , Muñoz-Ramos Valentina , Pilon Virginie , Monast Anie , Zhao Hong , Souleimanova Margarita , Annis Matthew G. , Aguilar-Mahecha Adriana , Lafleur Josiane , Bertos Nicholas R. , Asselah Jamil , Bouganim Nathaniel , Petrecca Kevin , Siegel Peter M. , Omeroglu Atilla , Shah Sohrab P. , Aparicio Samuel , Basik Mark , Meterissian Sarkis , Park Morag
Published: June 2020

Subsets of breast tumors present major clinical challenges, including triple-negative, metastatic/recurrent disease and rare histologies. Here, we developed 37 patient-derived xenografts (PDX) from these difficult-to-treat cancers to interrogate their molecular composition and functional biology. Whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing and reverse-phase protein arrays revealed that PDXs conserve the molecular landscape of their corresponding patient tumors. Metastatic potential varied between PDXs, where low-penetrance lung micrometastases were most common, though a subset of models displayed high rates of dissemination in organotropic or diffuse patterns consistent with what was observed clinically. Chemosensitivity profiling was performed in vivo with standard-of-care agents, where multi-drug chemoresistance was retained upon xenotransplantation. Consolidating chemogenomic data identified actionable features in the majority of PDXs, and marked regressions were observed in a subset that was evaluated in vivo. Together, this clinically-annotated PDX library with comprehensive molecular and phenotypic profiling serves as a resource for preclinical studies on difficult-to-treat breast tumors.
Facile synthesis of a well-defined heteroatom-containing main chain polycarbonate for activated intracellular drug release
Authors: Sun Chuanhao , Wang Jiahao , Hu Jieni , Lu Wei , Song Zhongchen , Zhang Yan
Published: June 2020

ROS/GSH/pH triple responsive polycarbonate was rationally synthesized via ring-opening copolymerization. This amphiphilic block copolymer could self-assemble into micelles and the drug-loaded micelles exhibited activated drug release behaviour.
A Cas12a-mediated cascade amplification method for microRNA detection
Authors: Sun Huan-Huan , He Fang , Wang Ting , Yin Bin-Cheng , Ye Bang-Ce
Published: June 2020

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a vital role in various biological processes and act as important biomarkers for clinical cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy.
Aggregation controlled photoluminescence of hexaazatri-naphthylene (HATN) – an experimental and theoretical study
Authors: Morawski Olaf , Karpiuk Jerzy , Gawryś Paweł , Sobolewski Andrzej L.
Published: June 2020

Photophysics of hexaazatrinaphthylene (HATN) in solution and in the solid state is determined by the nπ* character of its lowest excited singlet state and by the ππ* character of the first triplet state, and changes upon aggregation.
Probing NaCl hydrate formation from aqueous solutions by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy
Authors: Chen Ligang , Ren Guanhua , Liu Liyuan , Guo Pan , Wang Endong , Zhu Zhongjie , Yang Jinrong , Shen Jianxiong , Zhang Zongchang , Zhou Lu , Zhang Jianbing , Yang Bin , Zhang Weili , Gao Yi , Zhao Hongwei , Han Jiaguang
Published: June 2020

The cooling-induced formation of a hydrate in aqueous NaCl solutions was probed using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS).
First-principles investigation of nonmetal doped single-layer BiOBr as a potential photocatalyst with a low recombination rate
Authors: Obeid Mohammed M. , Stampfl C. , Bafekry A. , Guan Z. , Jappor H. R. , Nguyen C. V. , Naseri M. , Hoat D. M. , Hieu N. N. , Krauklis A. E. , Vu Tuan V. , Gogova D.
Published: June 2020

Nonmetal doping is an effective approach to modify the electronic band structure and enhance the photocatalytic performance of bismuth oxyhalides.
Polarizable embedding QM/MM: the future gold standard for complex (bio)systems?
Authors: Bondanza Mattia , Nottoli Michele , Cupellini Lorenzo , Lipparini Filippo , Mennucci Benedetta
Published: June 2020

We provide a perspective of the induced dipole formulation of polarizable QM/MM, showing how efficient implementations will enable their application to the modeling of dynamics, spectroscopy, and reactivity in complex biosystems.
Large cluster ions: soft local probes and tools for organic and bio surfaces
Authors: Delcorte Arnaud , Delmez Vincent , Dupont-Gillain Christine , Lauzin Clément , Jefford Hannah , Chundak Mykhailo , Poleunis Claude , Moshkunov Konstantin
Published: June 2020

Large cluster projectiles boost molecular sensitivity in mass spectrometry and open new avenues for physical characterization and nanofabrication.
Electron and energy transfer in a porphyrin–oxoporphyrinogen–fullerene triad, ZnP–OxP–C60
Authors: Chahal Mandeep K. , Gobeze Habtom B. , Webre Whitney A. , Karr Paul A. , Payne Daniel T. , Ariga Katsuhiko , D’Souza Francis , Hill Jonathan P.
Published: June 2020

Competitive energy and electron transfer in a newly synthesized supramolecular triad composed of zinc porphyrin, oxoporphyrinogen and C60has been demonstrated using ultrafast pump–probe spectroscopy.
Transition between [R]- and [S]-stereoisomers without bond breaking
Authors: Raghunathan Shampa , Yadav Komal , Rojisha V. C. , Jaganade Tanashree , Prathyusha V. , Bikkina Swetha , Lourderaj Upakarasamy , Priyakumar U. Deva
Published: June 2020

First examples of racemization of tetrahedral tetracoordinated centers via a planar transition state or an intermediate structure.
Investigation of the photoconductive properties of thiophene substituted metallo-phthalocyanines
Authors: Kumral Eda , Yenilmez H. Yasemin , Albayrak Sedef , Şahin Ayşe Nur , Altındal Ahmet , Bayır Zehra Altuntaş
Published: June 2020

New Pcs with four thiophene groups have been prepared. Aggregation tendency vs. concentration has been tested. Photoconductivity properties of MPcs have been examined. Variation of the photocurrent in MPcs with wavelength was investigated.
Robust Mn(iii) N-pyridylporphyrin-based biomimetic catalysts for hydrocarbon oxidations: heterogenization on non-functionalized silica gel versus chloropropyl-functionalized silica gel
Authors: Pinto Victor Hugo A. , Falcão Nathália K. S. M. , Mariz-Silva Bárbara , Fonseca Maria Gardennia , Rebouças Júlio S.
Published: June 2020

Simple neutral and cationic Mn porphyrins were immobilized on ordinary chromatographic silica or chloropropyl-functionalized silica supports to yield efficient and reusable biomimetic catalysts for C–H activation and oxyfunctionalization of alkanes.
Two azido-bridged [2×2] cobalt(ii) grids featuring single-molecule magnet behaviour
Authors: Guo Zhilin , Deng Yi-Fei , Zhang Yipei , Pikramenou Zoe , Zhang Yuan-Zhu
Published: June 2020

Two Co(ii) [2 × 2] grid-like clusters containing both pyridazine and azido bridges were reported to exhibit overall intramolecular ferromagnetic coupling and field-induced single-molecule magnet behavior with the effective energy barriers up to 56 K.
Monitoring inorganic pyrophosphatase activity with the fluorescent dizinc(ii) complex of a macrocycle bearing one dansylamidoethyl antenna
Authors: Cruz Ana , Núñez-Montenegro Ara , Mateus Pedro , Delgado Rita
Published: June 2020

The dizinc(ii) complex of a hexaazamacrocycle with an antenna allowed monitoring of the PPi hydrolysis by using inorganic pyrophosphatase in real-time.
[Ru(phen)2podppz]2+ significantly inhibits glioblastoma growth in vitro and vivo with fewer side-effects than cisplatin
Authors: Li Ruihao , Ma Yabin , Hu Xiaochun , Wu Wenjing , Wu Xuewen , Dong Chunyan , Shi Shuo , Lin Yun
Published: June 2020

Ru1 could most effectively inhibit tumor growth and avoid any detectable side-effects compared with other ruthenium(ii) complexes and cisplatin, demonstrating its potential to be an exciting new drug candidate for glioblastoma treatment.
Manipulating metal spin states for biomimetic, catalytic and molecular materials chemistry
Authors: Halcrow Malcolm A.
Published: June 2020

The relationship between ligand design and spin state in base metal compounds is surveyed. Implications and applications of these principles for light-harvesting dyes, catalysis and materials chemistry are summarised.
Progress and perspectives on pre-lithiation technologies for lithium ion capacitors
Authors: Jin Liming , Shen Chao , Shellikeri Annadanesh , Wu Qinag , Zheng Junsheng , Andrei Petru , Zhang Ji-Guang , Zheng Jim P.
Published: June 2020

This review summarizes the progress of pre-lithiation technologies involving the fundamental research and practical application of LICs.
Low-electric-potential-assisted diffusiophoresis for continuous separation of nanoparticles on a chip
Authors: Lee Kyunghun , Lee Jongwan , Ha Dogyeong , Kim Minseok , Kim Taesung
Published: June 2020

We developed a novel multiphysics-based nanoparticle separation technique utilizing low-electric-potential-assisted diffusiophoresis (LEPDP).
Self-assembled tetramethyl cucurbit[6]uril–polyoxometalate nanocubes as efficient and recyclable catalysts for the preparation of propyl gallate
Authors: Li Shuang , Xia Wen , Zhang Yunqian , Tao Zhu
Published: June 2020

A novel class of cucurbit[n]urils–polyoxometalate (Q[n]–POM) hybrids and tetramethyl cucurbit[6]uril–phosphomolybdic acid (TMeQ[6]–PMA) nanocubes (NCs), are synthesizedviaa one-step self-assembly method.
Polyimide foams with outstanding flame resistance and mechanical properties by the incorporation of noncovalent bond modified graphene oxide
Authors: Liu Hongtao , Tian Huafeng , Yao Yuanyuan , Xiang Aiming , Qi Haisong , Wu Qiangxian , Rajulu A. Varada
Published: June 2020

PI composite foams werein situgenerated by incorporating modified GO to further improve flame resistance, thermal stability and mechanical properties.
Two novel neutral and ionic Ir(iii) complexes based on the same bipolar main ligand: a comparative study of their photophysical properties and applications in solution-processed red organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Liao Rui , Wang Ying , Du Jin , Wang Xiumei , Wang Nana , Sun Huibin , Wang Jianpu , Huang Wei
Published: June 2020

A bipolar ligand design for solution-processed red Ir(iii) complex OLED.
Magnetic nanoparticles for the measurement of cell mechanics using force-induced remnant magnetization spectroscopy
Authors: Xu Min , Feng Xueyan , Feng Feng , Pei Hantao , Liu Ruping , Li Qilong , Yu Chanchan , Zhang Di , Wang Xiuyu , Yao Li
Published: June 2020

Interactions of magnetic nanoparticles with cells were investigated from a cell mechanics perspective, and magnetic nanoparticle-based force spectroscopy was developed as a novel method to measure the adhesion force among various cancer cell lines.
Adhesion force spectroscopy with nanostructured colloidal probes reveals nanotopography-dependent early mechanotransductive interactions at the cell membrane level
Authors: Chighizola M. , Previdi A. , Dini T. , Piazzoni C. , Lenardi C. , Milani P. , Schulte C. , Podestà A.
Published: June 2020

The study shows, by exploiting a novel adhesion force spectroscopy approach, that microenvironmental nanotopography impacts strongly on integrin-mediated cellular mechanosensing, by influencing adhesion site force loading dynamics.
Spin–phonon coupling in epitaxial SrRuO3 heterostructures
Authors: Jeong Seung Gyo , Lim Soo Yeon , Kim Jiwoong , Park Sungkyun , Cheong Hyeonsik , Choi Woo Seok
Published: June 2020

Polarization-dependent Raman spectroscopy reveal robust spin–phonon coupling in SrRuO3 heterostructures. The tailored spin interaction in the SrRuO3 heterostructures leads to the modification in phonon anomaly.
Asymmetric copper-catalyzed fluorination of cyclic β-keto esters in a continuous-flow microreactor
Authors: Wang Yi-Feng , Jiang Zhen-Hui , Chu Ming-Ming , Qi Suo-Suo , Yin Hao , Han Hong-Te , Xu Dan-Qian
Published: June 2020

A highly enantioselective fluorination using diphenylamine linked bis(oxazoline)–Cu(OTf)2complexes as a catalyst under continuous-flow conditions has been established.
Sulfur-mediated synthesis of unsymmetrically substituted N-aryl oxalamides by the cascade thioamidation/cyclocondensation and hydrolysis reaction
Authors: Tikhonova Tatyana A. , Ilment Nikita V. , Lyssenko Konstantin A. , Zavarzin Igor V. , Volkova Yulia A.
Published: June 2020

A facile synthesis of unsymmetrically substituted N-aryl oxalamides from 2,2′-biphenyldiamines, 2-chloroacetic acid derivatives, elemental sulfur, and water has been developed.
Synthesis and stereoisomerism of [n]cyclo-2,9-phenanthrenylene congeners possessing alternating E/Z- and R/S-biaryl linkages
Authors: Yang Yong , Nanjo Yuki , Isobe Hiroyuki , Sato Sota
Published: June 2020

A novel series of cycloarylenes with blended E/Z and R/S linkages were synthesized, and their cyclostereoisomerism was investigated.
The molecular design of and challenges relating to sensitizers for cancer sonodynamic therapy
Authors: Zhou Yiming , Wang Mengxuan , Dai Zhifei
Published: June 2020

Four key factors in designing effective sonosensitizers for sonodynamic therapy, including ROS generation ability, targeting ability, oxygen supply and corresponding ultrasound parameters, are discussed.
Highly selective removal of heterocyclic impurities from toluene by nonporous adaptive crystals of perethylated pillar[6]arene
Authors: Zhu Weijie , Li Errui , Zhou Jiong , Zhou Yujuan , Sheng Xinru , Huang Feihe
Published: June 2020

We use nonporous adaptive crystals of perethylated pillar[6]arene to adsorb heterocyclic compounds from a mixture of toluene and heterocyclic compounds with high selectivity, ultimately improving the purity of toluene from 96.78% to 99.00%.
A novel single-step hydrogenation of 2-imidazolecarboxaldehyde to 2-methylimidazole over Pd-impregnated Al–Ti mixed oxide and kinetics
Authors: Pisal Devendra S. , Yadav Ganapati D.
Published: June 2020

A novel and clean route for the hydrogenation of 2-imidazolecarboxaldehyde to 2-methylimidazole with high yield and selectivity over a Pd/ATMO catalyst.
Crystal engineering of a rectangular sql coordination network to enable xylenes selectivity over ethylbenzene
Authors: Kumar Naveen , Wang Shi-Qiang , Mukherjee Soumya , Bezrukov Andrey A. , Patyk-Kaźmierczak Ewa , O'Nolan Daniel , Kumar Amrit , Yu Mei-Hui , Chang Ze , Bu Xian-He , Zaworotko Michael J.
Published: June 2020

[Co(bipy)(bptz)(NCS)2]n, a new mixed-linker sql coordination network, exhibits high xylene adsorption capacity and high xylene selectivity over ethylbenzene (>5).
H/D exchange under mild conditions in arenes and unactivated alkanes with C6D6 and D2O using rigid, electron-rich iridium PCP pincer complexes
Authors: Smith Joel D. , Durrant George , Ess Daniel H. , Gelfand Benjamin S. , Piers Warren E.
Published: June 2020

The synthesis and characterization of an iridium polyhydride complex (Ir-H4) supported by an electron-rich PCP framework and capable of mild hydrogen/deuterium exchange catalysis is described.
The clinical diagnostic value of Xpert MTB/RIF for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in gastric aspirates
Authors: Tan Hong-Kun , Fan Shu-Jin , Xu Yu-Cheng , Zhou Jiong-Jiong , Chen Yuan-Zhi , Xie Tian-Ao , Pan Zhi-Yong , Xia Yong , Guo Xu-Guang
Published: June 2020

Background: At present, the infection and prevalence rates of tuberculosis (TB) are still high in worldwide. The Xpert MTB/RIF technology has improved the diagnosis speed of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and facilitated the rapid treatment of TB patients.

Methods: We searched experimental data derived from Xpert MTB/RIF for detecting MTB in gastric aspirates in PubMed, Embase, Web Of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases between January 2012 to April 2019. A summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC curve) was used to analyze the pooled sensitivity, pooled specificity, PLR, NLR, and DOR for determining the accuracy of the test.

Results: Our database search resulted in 10 relevant articles. The pooled sensitivity of Xpert MTB/RIF for detecting TB in GA was 86% (95% CI, 83–89%), and I2 = 93.4%. The pooled specificity was 92% (95% CI, 90–93%) and I2 = 97.8%. In addition, the positive LR was 12.12 (95% CI, 5.60–26.21), negative LR was 0.20 (95% CI, 0.11–0.36), and the diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) was 147.04 (95% CI, 37.20–581.19). Using the SROC curve, the AUC was 0.9730 and Q* was 0.9248 (SE = 0.0261). The publication bias was P=0.517 (P>0.05).

Conclusions: The Xpert MTB/RIF for detecting MTB in gastric aspirates was highly accurate. In addition, we observed that the publication bias in the present study was low. Hence, the Xpert MTB/RIF technology is highly accurate and has the advantage of rapid testing for MTB in clinical samples.
Discourse Prosody in Children's Rhyme Speech Produced by Prelingually Deaf Mandarin-Speaking Children With Cochlear Implants
Authors: Yu Jue , Liao Yiyuan , Wu Shengyi , Li Yun , Huang Meiping
Published: June 2020

Purpose

This study aimed to obtain a comprehensive understanding about how Mandarin-speaking children with cochlear implants (CIs) performed speech prosody in a connected discourse and to what extent their prosodic scenario differed from those normal-hearing (NH) peers.

Method

Fifteen prelingually deaf Mandarin-speaking children with unilateral multichannel CIs were chosen and 15 age-matched NH controls were recruited. Speech samples were spontaneously elicited by children's rhyme speech genre and subject to phonetic annotation. Acoustic analysis was conducted on all speech samples, mainly focusing on the measurements of duration and fundamental frequency (F0). Tempo measures included temporal fluency, syllable-lengthening, and rhythm metrics, whereas melodic measures included both local and global F0 variations under different prosodic domains.

Results

The CI children generally achieved compatible temporal performance with the NH children in spontaneous discourse, except that they were somewhat arbitrary when operationalizing lengthening strategy and pausing strategy at different prosodic boundaries. With regard to melodic performance, CI children may not sufficiently modulate local phonetic nuances of F0 variation, and meanwhile, they performed atypically in the global F0 declination pattern and overall F0 resetting pattern, failing to signal the specific structure of children's rhyme discourse. Early age at implantation and longer CI experience did not play a significant role in the temporal performance of the CI children but did facilitate their articulation of dynamic pitch variation in the spontaneous discourse to some extent.

Conclusion

CI children did exhibit atypical prosodic patterns in discourse context, especially the overall mapping between the prosodic manifestation and the discourse structure.
Dust polarization modelling at large scale over the northern Galactic cap using EBHIS and Planck data
Authors: Adak Debabrata , Ghosh Tuhin , Boulanger Francois , Haud Urmas , Kalberla Peter , Martin Peter G. , Bracco Andrea , Souradeep Tarun
Published: June 2020

The primary source of systematic uncertainty in the quest for the B-mode polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) introduced by primordial gravitational waves is polarized thermal emission from Galactic dust. Therefore, accurate characterization and separation of the polarized thermal dust emission is an essential step in distinguishing such a faint CMB B-mode signal. We provide a modelling framework to simulate polarized thermal dust emission based on the model described in Ghosh et al. (2017, A&A, 601, A71), making use of both the Planck dust and Effelsberg-Bonn HI surveys over the northern Galactic cap. Our seven-parameter dust model, incorporating both HI gas in three different column density templates as a proxy for spatially variable dust intensity and a phenomenological model of Galactic magnetic field, is able to reproduce both one- and two-point statistics of the observed dust polarization maps seen by Planck at 353 GHz over a selected low-column density region in the northern Galactic cap. This work has important applications in assessing the accuracy of component separation methods and in quantifying the confidence level of separating polarized Galactic emission and the CMB B-mode signal, as is needed for ongoing and future CMB missions.
Is the primary CoRoT target HD 43587 under a Maunder minimum phase?
Authors: Ferreira R. R. , Barbosa R. , Castro M. , Guerrero G. , de Almeida L. , Boumier P. , do Nascimento J.-D.
Published: June 2020

Context. One of the most enigmatic phenomena related to solar activity is the so-called Maunder minimum phase. It consists in the lowest sunspot count ever registered for the Sun and has not been confirmed for other stars to date. Since the spectroscopic observations of stellar activity at the Mount Wilson Observatory, the solar analog HD 43587 has shown a very low and apparently invariant activity level, which makes it a Maunder minimum candidate.

Aims. We aim to analyze the chromospheric activity evolution of HD 43587 and its evolutive status, with the intention of unraveling the reasons for this low and flat activity.

Methods. We used an activity measurements dataset available in the literature, and computed the S-index from HARPS and NARVAL spectra to infer a cycle period. Additionally, we analyzed the CoRoT light curve of HD 43587, and applied gyrochronology and activity calibrations to determine its rotation period. Finally, based on an evolutionary model and the inferred rotation period, we used the EULAG-MHD code to perform global MHD simulations of HD 43587 to get some insight into its dynamo process.

Results. We confirm the almost flat activity profile, with a cycle period Pcyc = 10.44 ± 3.03 yr deduced from the S-index time series, and a long-term trend that might be a period of more than 50 yr. It was impossible to define a rotation period from the light curve, however gyrochronology and activity calibrations allow us to infer an indirect estimate of ¯Prot = 22.6 ± 1.9 d. Furthermore, the MHD simulations confirm an oscillatory dynamo with a cycle period in good agreement with the observations and a low level of surface magnetic activity.

Conclusions. We conclude that this object might be experiencing a “natural” decrease in magnetic activity as a consequence of its age. Nevertheless, the possibility that HD 43587 is in a Maunder minimum phase cannot be ruled out.
Taking apart the dynamical clock
Authors: Pasquato Mario , Di Cintio Pierfrancesco
Published: June 2020

Context. In globular clusters (GCs), blue straggler stars (BSS) are heavier than the average star, so dynamical friction strongly affects them. The radial distribution of BSS, normalized to a reference population, appears bimodal in a fraction of Galactic GCs, with a density peak in the core, a prominent zone of avoidance at intermediate radii, and again higher density in the outskirts. The zone of avoidance appears to be located at larger radii the more relaxed the host cluster, acting as a sort of dynamical clock.

Aims. We use a new method to compute the evolution of the BSS radial distribution under dynamical friction and diffusion.

Methods. We evolve our BSS in the mean cluster potential under dynamical friction plus a random fluctuating force, solving the Langevin equation with the Mannella quasi symplectic scheme. This is a new simulation method that is much faster and simpler than direct N-body codes, but retains their main feature: diffusion powered by strong, if infrequent, kicks.

Results. We compute the radial distribution of initially unsegregated BSS normalized to a reference population as a function of time. We trace the evolution of its minimum, corresponding to the zone of avoidance. We compare the evolution under kicks extracted from a Gaussian distribution to that obtained using a Holtsmark distribution. The latter is a fat-tailed distribution which correctly models the effects of close gravitational encounters. We find that the zone of avoidance moves outwards over time, as expected based on observations, only when using the Holtsmark distribution. Thus, the correct representation of near encounters is crucial to reproduce the dynamics of the system.

Conclusions. We confirm and extend earlier results that showed how the dynamical clock indicator depends on dynamical friction and on effective diffusion powered by dynamical encounters. We demonstrated the high sensitivity of the clock to the details of the mechanism underlying diffusion, which may explain the difficulties in reproducing the motion of the zone of avoidance across different simulation methods.
Magnetohydrostatic modeling of AR11768 based on a SUNRISE/IMaX vector magnetogram
Authors: Zhu X. , Wiegelmann T. , Solanki S K.
Published: June 2020

Context. High-resolution magnetic field measurements are routinely only done in the solar photosphere. Higher layers, such as the chromosphere and corona, can be modeled by extrapolating these photospheric magnetic field vectors upward. In the solar corona, plasma forces can be neglected and the Lorentz force vanishes. This is not the case in the upper photosphere and chromosphere where magnetic and nonmagnetic forces are equally important. One way to deal with this problem is to compute the plasma and magnetic field self-consistently, in lowest order with a magnetohydrostatic (MHS) model. The non-force-free layer is rather thin and MHS models require high-resolution photospheric magnetic field measurements as the lower boundary condition.

Aims. We aim to derive the magnetic field, plasma pressure, and density of AR11768 by applying the newly developed extrapolation technique to the SUNRISE/IMaX data embedded in SDO/HMI magnetogram.

Methods. We used an optimization method for the MHS modeling. The initial conditions consist of a nonlinear force-free field (NLFFF) and a gravity-stratified atmosphere. During the optimization procedure, the magnetic field, plasma pressure, and density are computed self-consistently.

Results. In the non-force-free layer, which is spatially resolved by the new code, Lorentz forces are effectively balanced by the gas pressure gradient force and gravity force. The pressure and density are depleted in strong field regions, which is consistent with observations. Denser plasma, however, is also observed at some parts of the active region edges. In the chromosphere, the fibril-like plasma structures trace the magnetic field nicely. Bright points in SUNRISE/SuFI 3000 Å images are often accompanied by the plasma pressure and electric current concentrations. In addition, the average of angle between MHS field lines and the selected chromospheric fibrils is 11.8°, which is smaller than those computed from the NLFFF model (15.7°) and linear MHS model (20.9°). This indicates that the MHS solution provides a better representation of the magnetic field in the chromosphere.
Optical interferometry and Gaia measurement uncertainties reveal the physics of asymptotic giant branch stars
Authors: Chiavassa A. , Kravchenko K. , Millour F. , Schaefer G. , Schultheis M. , Freytag B. , Creevey O. , Hocdé V. , Morand F. , Ligi R. , Kraus S. , Monnier J. D. , Mourard D. , Nardetto N. , Anugu N. , Le Bouquin J.-B. , Davies C. L. , Ennis J. , Gardner T. , Labdon A. , Lanthermann C. , Setterholm B. R. , ten Brummelaar T.
Published: June 2020

Context. Asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars are cool luminous evolved stars that are well observable across the Galaxy and populating Gaia data. They have complex stellar surface dynamics, which amplifies the uncertainties on stellar parameters and distances.

Aims. On the AGB star CL Lac, it has been shown that the convection-related variability accounts for a substantial part of the Gaia DR2 parallax error. We observed this star with the MIRC-X beam combiner installed at the CHARA interferometer to detect the presence of stellar surface inhomogeneities.

Methods. We performed the reconstruction of aperture synthesis images from the interferometric observations at different wavelengths. Then, we used 3D radiative hydrodynamics (RHD) simulations of stellar convection with CO5BOLD and the post-processing radiative transfer code OPTIM3D to compute intensity maps in the spectral channels of MIRC-X observations. Then, we determined the stellar radius using the average 3D intensity profile and, finally, compared the 3D synthetic maps to the reconstructed ones focusing on matching the intensity contrast, the morphology of stellar surface structures, and the photocentre position at two different spectral channels, 1.52 and 1.70 μm, simultaneously.

Results. We measured the apparent diameter of CL Lac at two wavelengths (3.299 ± 0.005 mas and 3.053 ± 0.006 mas at 1.52 and 1.70 μm, respectively) and recovered the radius (R = 307 ± 41 and R = 284 ± 38 R⊙) using a Gaia parallax. In addition to this, the reconstructed images are characterised by the presence of a brighter area that largely affects the position of the photocentre. The comparison with 3D simulation shows good agreement with the observations both in terms of contrast and surface structure morphology, meaning that our model is adequate for explaining the observed inhomogenities.

Conclusions. This work confirms the presence of convection-related surface structures on an AGB star of Gaia DR2. Our result will help us to take a step forward in exploiting Gaia measurement uncertainties to extract the fundamental properties of AGB stars using appropriate RHD simulations.
Activity of the Eta-Aquariid and Orionid meteor showers
Authors: Egal A. , Brown P. G. , Rendtel J. , Campbell-Brown M. , Wiegert P.
Published: June 2020

Aims.We present a multi-instrumental, multidecadal analysis of the activity of the Eta-Aquariid and Orionid meteor showers for the purpose of constraining models of 1P/Halley’s meteoroid streams.

Methods.The interannual variability of the showers’ peak activity and period of duration is investigated through the compilation of published visual and radar observations prior to 1985 and more recent measurements reported in the International Meteor Organization (IMO) Visual Meteor DataBase, by the IMO Video Meteor Network and by the Canadian Meteor Orbit Radar (CMOR). These techniques probe the range of meteoroid masses from submilligrams to grams. Theη-Aquariids and Orionids activity duration, shape, maximum zenithal hourly rates values, and the solar longitude of annual peaks since 1985 are analyzed. When available, annual activity profiles recorded by each detection network were measured and are compared.

Results.Observations from the three detection methods show generally good agreement in the showers’ shape, activity levels, and annual intensity variations. Both showers display several activity peaks of variable location and strength with time. Theη-Aquariids are usually two to three times stronger than the Orionids, but the two showers display occasional outbursts with peaks two to four times their usual activity level. CMOR observations since 2002 seem to support the existence of an ~12 yr cycle in Orionids activity variations; however, additional and longer term radar and optical observations of the shower are required to confirm such periodicity.
Sources of multiparticle correlations – a microscopic perspective
Authors: Bierlich Christian
Published: June 2020

Multiparticle correlations is a hallmark measurement characterizing the behaviour of the assumed Quark Gluon Plasma in heavy ion collisions. In these proceedings an alternative, microscopic approach is presented, based on interacting strings and multiparton interactions.
Studying baryon production using two-particle angular correlations
Authors: Janik Małgorzata Anna
Published: June 2020

Latest measurements of ΔηΔφ correlations of identified particles show differences in particle production between baryons and mesons. The correlation functions for mesons exhibit the expected peak dominated by effects of mini-jet fragmentation and are reproduced well by general purpose Monte Carlo generators. For baryon pairs (where both particles have the same baryon number) a surprising near-side anti-correlation structure is observed instead of a peak, implying that two such particles are rarely produced with similar momentum. These results present a challenge to the contemporary models and there is no definite theoretical explanation of the observation. In this proceedings an overview of the latest baryon correlation measurements yielding startling results are presented.