bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
International Academic Conference “Old Believers in the History and Culture of Russia: Problems of Study. Dedicated to the 400th Anniversary of the Archpriest Avvakum” (Moscow, October 26–27, 2020)
Authors: Zaharov Viktor
Published: October 2021

In this paper we draw conclusions of the International Scientific Conference devoted to the 400th Anniversary of Archpries Avvakum. The Conference took place on 26–27 October, 2020 at the Institute for Russian History of Russian Academy of Sciences. A lot of attention was paid to the personality and activity of Avvakum, it was pointed out that his works and activity were as a response to the crisis in the medieval religious perception but his ideas were unlike Nikon’s and his followers’ reaction. At the special board devoted to Avvakum’s literary works, it was noted that the language and the style of his texts need deeper research. The Anniversary was the matter and the ground for considering a great deal of issues connected to Old Believers’ history over the period of its existence that is why the majority of papers concerned this issue.
International Research-to-Practice Conference “Legal Forms of Experiencing History: Practices and Limits” (St. Petersburg, September 11–12, 2020)
Authors: Dorskaya Aleksandra , Bondarev Viktor
Published: October 2021

International Research-to-Practice Conference “Legal Forms of Experiencing History: Practices and Limits” was dedicated to the 75th anniversary of the victory over the Nazi Germany and its allies. The conference provided a forum for identifying the ability of legal science and practice to respond to the current challenges of the global appeal to the past, as seen in the 21st century, and to the “wars of memory” caused by the need for self-identification of people due to the break-up of certain states and the formation of new international integrated units, the change of generations, when the majority of people living nowadays have not been witnesses of the WWII, therefore reviewing its outcome, the emergence of the concept of “official memory policy” (“collective memory”, “memory policy”, “historical memory”, “memorial policy”, “historical policy”), and the new recognition of historical events, recently celebrating the 100th anniversary (2014 – the beginning of WWI, 2017 – the Russian Bolshevik Revolution, 2018 – the end of WWI, etc.).
4th International Academic Conference “Liturgical Practices and Hieratic Arts Nowadays: Prospects for the Development of Research Area” (Krasnodar, November 9–12, 2020)
Authors: Hvatova Svetlana
Published: October 2021

The paper analyses the findings of the 4th International Academic Conference. The academics reported new information on the current state of religious practices of different faith communities, as well as identified the hieratic signs in the context of secular art. The reporting researchers also explored the state of the liturgical canon in a current religious practice and reviewed the sacral aspect of human life in the context of traditional religious practices. The scholars also discussed the role of hieratic art in community life, its educational and enlightening capacity, and the modern forms of representation of the sacred. For the fourth time, the common subject of the study brings together art historians, historians, culture researchers, educators, psychologists, theologians, philosophers, and a number of persons involved in spiritual enlightenment and education.
International Research-to-Practice Conference “The Culture of Peace and Non-Violence among the Younger Generation: Interpretation Perspectives and Pedagogical Conditions for Development” (Kursk, October 29–30, 2020)
Authors: Belencov Sergey
Published: October 2021

The international research-to-practice conference addressed current issues of social well-being in the adolescent and youth environment. The participants of the conference included public figures, students, postgraduate students and teachers of universities, heads and teachers of educational organizations of general and additional education from Russia, neighboring and non-CIS countries.
‘The Wool Road’ of the Late Bronze Age: Cultural, Geographical, and Chronological Context
Authors: Shishlina Natal'ya
Published: October 2021

Innovative technologies for new products and consumption, a secondary product revolution, have dramatically changed the course of the Bronze Age economic transformations. Changes included introduction of an innovative technology of wool production and it’s spread among the Northern Eurasia population during 3000–2000 BC. Sophisticated methods of studying the ancient wool textile obtained from the Bronze Age sites of Northern Eurasia, i.e. technological analyses, radiocarbon dating, and the identification of the isotope signature preserved in the wool textile, made it possible not only to discuss the time the wool fiber appeared in the Bronze Age textile production and to determine the cultural context and areas but also to discuss a new hypothesis on the formation of so called Wool Road in early 2nd millennium BC – a route that connected the foothills, forest-steppe, and forest regions of Eastern Europe in the West and South Siberia and China in the East. The discovery of wool textiles and their radiocarbon dating clearly defines the spread of the innovative textile strategies out of the Near East from the South to the North, then from the North Caucasus Piedmont areas from the West to the East. The author suggests that one of the ways the wool textile spread to west was from the southern steppe region of Eastern Europe via the Black Sea steppes.
Systematization of the Russian Legislation in the Soviet Period
Authors: Yaschuk Tat'yana
Published: October 2021

The paper studies the reasons, forms, and stages of the systematization of the national legislation in the Soviet period. The reasons are of two origins: due to the need to adapt legislation for economic and social improvement and to the general logic of the development of law and its institutionalization by sectors.

The author defines the following historical stages in the systematization of legislation: 1918–1920s; 1930 – mid-1950s; late 1950s – 1980s. The first stage included a comprehensive development of codes of the Soviet legislation that defined the legislation system. Drafts of the Soviet codes were developed in the second stage; however, they were not approved. At the third stage all major branches of the Soviet legislation were defined as codes. Codes of the 1920s were replaced by acts with current regulations; for the first time in the Soviet history codes were adopted in a number of sectors. Based on the subjects of joint jurisdiction of the USSR and the Union republics, the fundamentals of the Soviet legislation and republican codes were adopted.

Despite the fact that codification was the primary form of systematization of the Soviet legislation, incorporation was widely used as well. Chronological and systematic collections of laws were published. In the late 1920s, the State first attempted to compile a code of laws of the USSR; however, the USSR Code of Laws and the RSFSR Code of Laws were prepared and published only in the 1980s.

Throughout the Soviet period, the systematization of legislation was an important area of state legal policy.
An electrochemical sensing platform for sensitive detection DNA methylation using Fe3O4/TMC/Au nanocomposite and poly(l-arginine)/reduced graphene oxide modified screen-printed carbon electrode
Authors: Syedmoradi Leila , Hajghassem Hassan , Tavoosidana Gholamreza , Rezayat Seyed Mahdi , Faridi-Majidi Reza , Omidfar Kobra
Published: October 2021

Objectives: In this study, a simple electrochemical nano-genosensor has been developed for the rapid and sensitive detection of methylated SEPT9 DNA as a useful biomarker for early colorectal cancer detection or screening.
Methods: The process consists of three main steps: (i) the surface modification of screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCEs) with a poly(l-Arg)/RGO composite film followed by immobilizing anti-5-methylcytosine antibody (ii) preparation of probe-modified Fe3O4/TMC/Au nanocomposites for the hybridization with complementary DNA sequences, (iii) capturing methylated DNA target by antibody-modified SPCEs and subsequent electrochemical detection through redox peak currents of gold nanoparticles which generated a concentration-dependent response.
Results: The surface modification of the electrode and hybridization with the methylated target were confirmed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) method and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was employ for quantitative evaluation of methylated target DNA.
Conclusion: The assay showed a wide linear range from 0.01 pM to 1000 pM with a low detection limit of 0.01pM.
Analysis of condylar volume in relation to craniofacial morphology using cone beam computed tomography
Authors: Mostafavi Maryam , Saeedi Vahdat Arman , Javadian Laleh , Ghaznavi Aisan
Published: October 2021

Objectives This study aimed at comparing the size and shape of mandibular condyle in mature adult population with different skeletalpatterns.Methods A total of 198 patients within the age range of 15â€“64 years, including 68 males and 130 females, were allocated into three groupsbased on the ANB angle: skeletal classes I (n = 65), II (n = 69), and III (n = 64). The cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was used toevaluate right and left temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in each patient. TMJ evaluation was comprised of size of condyle, area of condyle,and morphology index. The Mimics software was used to calculate the size and area of the condyle. The size, area, and morphology indexwere compared between the study groups using parametric tests.Results Based on the results of paired t-test, there was a significant difference between the sizes of right and left condyles, in favor of theright condyle (P = 0.02). In addition, the mean size of the condyle in class III subjects was higher than those of classes I and II; however, thedifference between the classes I and II was insignificant. The size and area of condyle were higher in males compared with females.Conclusion Based on the results of this study, there might be a correlation between the facial skeletal morphology and area of condyle.
Antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of Cichorium intybus L. seed extract in ischemia/reperfusion injury model of rat spinal cord
Authors: Ghaffari Neda , Hassanzadeh Gholamreza , Nowrouzi Azin , Gholaminejhad Morteza , Mokhtari Tahmineh , Seifali Rahimeh , Mohammed Ibrahim , Akbari Mohammad
Published: October 2021

Objectives: The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of aqueous extract of chicory seed (CSE, Cichorium intybus L. seed) following spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion (SCI/R) injury in rat model were evaluated.
Methods: In this study 36 male Wistar rats were randomly divided to six groups:  control (Co), sham (Sh), CSE, SCI/R, CSE+SCI/R (7 days pretreatment with CSE group+inducing I/R injury), SCI/R +CSE (induced I/R injury group+3 days treatment with CSE). SCI/R injury was induced by creating a longitudinal incision on the midline of abdominal region and clamping the aorta just below renal artery for 30 minutes. After 3 days, SC was removed and used for evaluation of antioxidant enzymes (including Superoxide dismutase [SOD] and catalase [CAT]), oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde [MDA]), inflammatory factors (IL1Î², IL18 & TNFÎ±) and histopathological changes. Before sacrificing the animals, the motional score were assessed.
Results: Our results demonstrated that, in the SCI/R group, the mean  levels of SOD, and CAT were significantly decreased (P<0.05), while the mean level of MDA was significantly increased (P<0.05) in comparison to Co and Sh groups. Also, the mean levels of SOD and CAT in the treatment group were higher than the SCI/R group (P<0.05), while, the mean MDA content in the treatment group was significantly less than the SCI/R group (P <0.05). In addition, comparison between SCI/R and treatment groups demonstrated a significant decrease in tissue damage in the treatment group.
Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that, the neuroprotective effects of aqueous extract of Cichorium intybus L. seed on SCI/R injury in rat by anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities. Additionally, comparing the treatment and pretreatment groups shows that the pretreatment usage of the extract is more effective than treatment group.
The role of mitochondria in premature ovarian failure: A review
Authors: Khosravizadeh Zahra , Rashidi Zahra , Talebi Ali , Khodamoradi Kajal , Hassanzadeh Gholamreza
Published: October 2021

Premature ovarian failure (POF) is used to describe women under 40 years old with amenorrhea, hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, and infertility as a result of cessation of ovarian function. It has been reported that almost 20% of women who consult for infertility have signs of premature ovarian ageing. The mitochondrial disorder is one of the critical agents in premature menopause and the occurrence of POF. Due to the maternal inheritance of POF along with the dependence of folliculogenesis upon the mitochondrial biogenesis and bioenergetics, it has been suggested that a generalized mitochondrial defect is likely involved in POF. A fuller understanding of the mitochondrial role in POF could contribute to the better management of women with POF in the future. The aim of this review was to illustrate the role of mitochondria in POF. The oocyte mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content in women with diminished ovarian reserve is significantly lower than in women with normal ovarian reserve. It has been evidenced that mitochondrial genetic disorders and mitochondrial oxidative stress are associated with POF. According to the maternal inheritance of mtDNA, genetic testing should be performed to detect mtDNA mutations involved in POF before starting treatment strategies. If these mutations are present, it could suggest that healthy mitochondrial transfer during ART should be used to prevent the transmission of POF caused by mtDNA mutation to the female offspring. Future strategies aimed at treatment of POF-related infertility should take into account the significance of the oocyte mitochondrial role in the occurrence of this disorder.
Triiodothyronine Improves Morphology and Up-regulates seladin-1 of neurospheres extracted from Subventricular Zone in Streptozotocin-induced rat model of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Mokhtari Tahmineh , Mahahakizadeh Simin , Aligholi Hadi , Ijaz Sahar , Noori Leila , Hassanzadeh Gholamreza
Published: October 2021

Objectives: In this study, the effects of triiodothyronine (T3) on neurospheres isolated from SVZ of AD induced rats were examined.
Methods: Eighteen male Wistar rats were classified into two groups: Sham (Sh) and STZ (Streptozotocin injected, 1.5 mg/kg in each lateral ventricle on days 1 and 3 after recovery). On day 21, the SVZ was extracted and neurospheres were cultured. T3 (50 nM) was added to the culture medium (STZ+T3 group) and then, the morphology and seladin-1 gene expression of neurospheres were evaluated.  
Results: The diameter and the number of neurospheres along with the gene expression of seladin-1 were significantly decreased in the STZ group compared to Sh group (PË‚0.05) while the administration of T3 significantly (PË‚0.05) increased all these parameters in the STZ group.
Conclusion: STZ decreases the proliferation of stem cells extracted from SVZ and administration of T3 to the culture media improves the morphology and up-regulates the gene expression of seladin-1 of neurospheres.
Cardiovascular risk factors in rural areas: case of the Mabayi health district hospital in Burundi
Authors: Ndirahisha Eugène , Barasukana Patrice , Nyandwi Joseph , Manirakiza Sébastien , Nyandwi Rhamadhan , Baransaka Elysée
Published: October 2021

Relevance . Noncommunicable diseases are a serious public health problem due to their high incidence and mortality rate. Globally, noncommunicable diseases cause 41 million deaths every year, accounting for 71% of the total number of deaths. Cardiovascular diseases, accounting for 44% of all noncommunicable diseases, are the leading causes of death. Early identification of the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and treatment of associated diseases are a prerequisite for maintaining the health of the population. Objective: To identify the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease in patients living in rural areas of the mountainous region and attending the Mabayi District Hospital in Burundi. Patients and Methods . An open-label retrospective study conducted at the Mabayi District Hospital in Burundi from January 2014 to December 2017. The study included patients whose medical examination revealed at least one risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The study was approved by the ethics committee of the Kamenge University Hospital and the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Burundi. Data analysis was carried out using Microsoft Word 2007 and Epi-Info TM 7.2.1.0 software. Results and Discussion . Among the 20 297 examined patients, the average age was 50 16.7 years, the extreme values were 14 and 101 years. Male patients accounted for 51.1%. 903 patients (4.5%) had at least one risk factor. The main risk factors were high blood pressure (52.6%), diabetes (42.0%) and alcohol abuse (27.4%). Conclusion . Residents of rural areas of the mountainous region of Burundi have a high frequency of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, which must be taken into account when organizing medical and preventive measures to prevent cardiovascular diseases.
Morphofunctional characterization of rat thymus mast cells after administration of magnesium orotate mechanically activated forms
Authors: Chuchkova Natalya N. , Smetanina Marina V. , Shklyaev Alexei E. , Pazinenko Ksenia A. , Kormilina Natalya V. , Kanunnikova Olga M.
Published: October 2021

Relevance. The topicality of the work is determined by the wide spread of hypomagnesemia among the people, which makes it necessary to correct it. The aim of the work is to elucidate the cell-mediated response of the thymus mastocytic link to magnesium deficiency and its correction by the mechanoactivated form of magnesium orotate. Materials and Methods . Animals with drug-induced magnesium deficiency (administration of furosemide 30 mg/kg for 14 days) were administered either the initial preparation Magnerot (Magnerot, Vervag Pharma, Germany), or its mechanoactivated form. The level of magnesium in the blood was determined by test systems ARKREY (Japan). The concentration of magnesium in the thymus tissue was determined by the method of emission spectroscopy with inductively coupled (argon) plasma on an atomic emission spectrometer. Density of mastocytes and the indices of degranulation and granulolosis were calculated on paraffin sections of the thymus after coloration with toluidine blue. Results and Discussion . It was shown that furosemide administration the amount of magnesium decreased in the blood (from 1,750,08 to 0,9020,18 mmol/l, p0,05), but increased in the thymus (from 1,60,6 in the control to 3,71,2 mg/l); in the gland tissue, the number of mastocytes of morphotype A decreased and the number of mastocytes of morphotype D, after active degranulation, increased (by 7,1 times, p0,05). The type of mastocyte secretion in hypomagnesemia is represented by the merocrine variant. The administration of the initial magnesium orotate led to an increase in the concentration of magnesium in the blood to 1,150,25 mmol/l, which is 65,7% of the initial level, the amount of magnesium in the thymus remained elevated (3,41,1 mg/l), the number of actively degranulating cells (morphotype D) was increased. Mechanoactivated magnesium orotate restored the concentration of Mg2+ in the blood to 89,1% (1,560,18 mmol/l, p0,05) and decreased in the thymus (to 2,30,7 mg/l), restored the subpopulation of mastocytes saturated with heparin (type A), reduced the number of mastocytes of morphotype D. Conclusion . The mechanoactivated form of magnesium orotate has a normalizing effect on the population of thymic mastocytes, shows pronounced immunomodulatory activity, which allows us to consider it as a potential therapeutic agent for clinical testing in the complex therapy of hypomagnesemia and associated immunodeficiency.
Role of Perceptual Processes in the Formation of the Phenomenon of Giftedness
Authors: Shookova Galina V.
Published: October 2021

Currently, there is an obvious shortage of Russian studies of perceptual processes in the gifted. The study is focused on theoretical and organizational issues of research in the cognitive sphere of giftedness, in particular, perception, which is relevant not only in its fundamental but also applied aspects, - this explains the high research activity of foreign psychologists in this area nowadays. The empirical data presented in the literature on the importance of perceptual processes in the formation of the phenomenon of giftedness are considered from the methodological positions of the perceptual psychology, which allows to identify new approaches in the study of giftedness. The array of empirical evidence that is emerging today is systematized according to the main tasks to be solved in the research: (1) to identify (to measure) the cognitive characteristics of the gifted and to establish connections between them; (2) to determine the parameters of cognitive processes specific to giftedness; (3) to establish the connections between the phenomenon of giftedness and specific cognitive resources. The typical organizational features of modern cognitive psychology of giftedness are highlighted: the use of psychometric tools and comparative research methods, the predominance of child and adolescent samples, the preoccupation with the phenomenon of mathematical giftedness and the involvement of neuroscientific research resources; their capabilities and limitations are shown. Using the neurocognitive studies of mathematical giftedness as an example, the theoretical and organizational threats to the validity of the conclusions drawn in them are discussed, as well as the ways to increase the argumentativeness of the research in the cognitive sphere of giftedness, i.e., to ensure its ecological validity, integrity, ontologicality, particularly by covering a larger number of studied variables on significant groups of participants. The empirical evidence of the key role of visual-spatial processing (spatial thinking) in the cognitive structure of giftedness is systematized. Based on the thesis about the special functional significance of the direct sensory perception, the task of determining the functional characteristics of perceptual processes under the conditions of giftedness is set. The integration of knowledge from different subject areas of psychology for studying the problems of unique cognitive and social functioning, the personality organization of a gifted person is also provided.
Sex and Age Differences in the Personal Orientation of User Activity in the Russian Social Network “VKontakte”
Authors: Kornienko Dmitrii S. , Derish Fedor V. , Nikitina Elena Yu.
Published: October 2021

The role of factors of individual differences in user activity in the Russian social network VKontakte is analyzed. At the moment, in Russian psychology, there are several directions for the study of user activity in social networks. However, none of them has considered user sex and age differences. There are also limitations due to the predominance of subjective indicators in assessing user activity. The aim of this work is to study sex and age differences through the analysis of objective data on the profiles of social network users. The paper also provides an overview of modern Russian studies on sex and age differences in user activity. Using a comparative analysis of groups and analysis of the structure of relationships between indicators of user activity, the 9699 profiles of users of the social network VKontakte at the ages from 18 to 55 were examined. As a result, multiple individual differences were found in relation to the sex and age of the users. Additionally, the structure of user activity was obtained, consisting of two components: Self-presentation and Utilitarianism. These components characterize the personal orientation in the use of the social network. Sex and age play a significant role as factors of individual differences. The most important thing has turned out to be that men are more focused on expanding the circle of acquaintances, which is an attribute of status. Women, on the contrary, are generally characterized by greater activity in the social network, a greater desire to present themselves and a greater focus on other people. Young people - aged 18-25 years - are less active users, they often use the social network as a source of video content. Users belonging to the older age groups differ slightly from one another.
Book Review of Jay, M. (2021). The Defining Decade. New York: Twelve
Authors: Giray Louie
Published: October 2021

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In Vitro Evaluation of Cholesterol-Reducing Ability of Chitosan from Mangrove Crab (Scylla serrata) Shell Solid Dispersion using PVP K-30 as a Carrier
Authors: Imtihani Hilya Nur , Permatasari Silfiana Nisa , Prasetya Rahmad Aji
Published: October 2021

Background: Chitosan is a compound that can be synthesized from nature which can reduce the total serum cholesterol levels between 5.8−42.6% and decrease LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) between 15.1-35.1%. One of the natural resources containing chitosan derivative compounds is the shell of mud crab. Chitosan is insoluble in water but soluble in acidic solutions such as acetic acid. With such chitosan solubility, it is necessary to increase the solubility by making a solid dispersion system so that drug absorption can be faster. Objectives: The aims of this study is to determine the potential of chitosan solid dispersion system for reducing cholesterol. Material and Methods: The reduction of cholesterol levels was carried out by in vitro tests using UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 405 nm with Lieberman-Burchad reagent. The positive control used was simvastatin. There are 4 formulas, namely SD1, PM1, SD2, and PM2. This solid dispersion system uses polyvinyl pyrrolidone K-30 (PVP K-30) as carrier. Results: The characterization of chitosan has fulfilled all the characterization requirements that is organoleptic (shape and color) was creamy white, moisture content was 2.15%, ash content was 1.14%, ninhydrin test was positive purple, and deacetylation degree was 70.57%. The results of in vitro evaluation were obtained a dark green solution. The reducing percentage in cholesterol levels are SD1: 18.44%; PM1 : 18.11%; SD2 : 29.57%; and PM2 :12.01%. Simvastatin as a positive control has a percentage reduction in cholesterol levels of 30.07%.  Conclusion: Chitosan has an activity as anticholesterol agent. SD2 (Solid Dispersion Chitosan: PVP K-30 = 1:2) has the higher percentage than other formulas for reducing cholesterol level comparable with the positive control.
About a fixed-point-type transformation to solve quadratic matrix equations using the Krasnoselskij method.
Authors: Romero Natalia , Hernandez Miguel
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we study the simplest quadratic matrix equation:
$\mathcal{Q}(X)=X^2+BX+C=0$. We transform this
equation into an equivalent fixed-point equation and based on it we
construct the Krasnoselskij method. From this transformation, we can
obtain iterative schemes more accurate than successive approximation
method. Moreover, under suitable conditions, we establish different
results for the existence and localization of a solution for this
equation with the Krasnoselskij method. Finally, we see numerically that
the predictor-corrector iterative scheme with the Krasnoselskij method
as a predictor and the Newton method as corrector method, can improves
the numerical application of the Newton method when approximating a
solution of the quadratic matrix equation.
New record of Corchorus hirtus L. in Piauí, Brazil
Authors: De Sa Antonia Alikaene , De Sousa Antonio Reis , De Abreu Maria Carolina , Santos Filho Francisco Soares
Published: October 2021

Corchorus hirtus L. belongs to the Malvaceae family, it is commonly found in humid and ruderal environments. The occurrence of this species is recorded in all states of Northeast Brazil, except Piauí. Therefore, the aim of this work is to record the occurrence of the species in an area of Piauí, collected in the county of Oeiras, Riacho Mocha, a region of ​​ecological tension. To portray the geographic distribution of the plant, there were made a morphological characterization with pictures of relevant aspects of the plant's morphology.
Numerical simulation of paraffin melting in circular tube using lattice Boltzmann method
Authors: Liu Xiao-Yan , Zhang Nan-Di , Li Xiao-Qing , Li Cong , Yu Peng , Liang Gao-Jie , Ma Chuan
Published: October 2021

Paraffin melting is widely used in the fields of phase change materials energy storage, gathering and transportation pipe-line paraffin removal, etc. Analysis of the phase change mechanism and influencing factors of paraffin melting in the circular tube deeply has important guiding significance for improving the heat storage capacity by changing the structure of phase change material storage device and ensuring the safe transportation of crude-oil in the pipe-line. A double distribution lattice Boltzmann model based on enthalpy method is established to simulate the temperature field and the flow field of paraffin melting in a circular tube in this paper. The influence of different Rayleigh and Prandtl numbers on the paraffin melting process in a circular tube is analyzed. The results show that the natural-convection process is strengthened with the increase of the Rayleigh number, and the decrease of the average Nusselt number on the wall is smooth in the transition stage of wax melting due to the existence of fuzzy zone. The melting rate of paraffin can be accelerated or reduced by controlling the Prandtl number, so as to meet the relevant requirements of engineering.
A MELODIA DO BEM-TE-VI COMPONDO SABERES NA EDUCAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA EM UMA ABORDAGEM STEAM
Authors: Silva Santana Geslane Figueiredo da , Seidel Luciano Dias Chiara Maria , Lopes Hardoim Edna , Coronel Malavazi Mazílio
Published: October 2021

Este artigo compartilha uma ação educativa fundamentada na abordagem STEAM, a qual articula Ciências, Tecnologia, Engenharia, Artes e Matemática sob a perspectiva da melodia do pássaro Pitangus sulphuratus, o popular bem-te-vi. O cenário e ambiente de aprendizagem é o Parque Mãe Bonifácia, em Cuiabá (MT). O objetivo consiste em desenvolver propostas de atividades a partir da abordagem STEAM. A problemática caracterizou-se em como elaborar a abordagem STEAM a partir de um hóspede natural local do parque, o bem-te-vi. Alinhando-se com essa ideia, com respaldo em uma perspectiva de Educação Científica, entrelaçam-se cinco áreas em dois conceitos estruturantes: a Bioacústica e o Biomimetismo. Assim, apresenta-se a articulação de conceitos imersos nesse conjunto de ideias para a contribuição de processos que potencializem, nos estudantes, as habilidades, visando a uma participação crítica e consciente em relação ao conhecimento, a partir do hóspede natural do Parque, o bem-te-vi.
Soluções estéticas com resina composta para dentes anteriores escurecidos – série de casos
Authors: Araújo Patrícia ferronato , Sakamoto Junior Antonio Setsuo
Published: October 2021

The treatment of discolored anterior teeth is a challenge in clinical practice. There is a wide range of treatment options for these cases. The diagnosis of discoloration causes, and the patient’s clinical and radiographic conditions are essential for the accurate treatment selection. This study aims to present two clinical cases of teeth discolored due to different circumstances, in which conservative treatment with external and internal tooth whitening in the case of non-vital teeth did not reach the patients’ esthetic satisfaction.
PENINGKATAN PRESTASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA POKOK BAHASAN RUMUS-RUMUS SEGITIGA PADA SISWA KELAS X MM2 SMK NEGERI 1 KABANJAHE DENGAN PENERAPAN METODE DISCOVERY LEARNING DI SEMESTER GANJIL TAHUN PELAJARAN 2018/2019
Authors: . Henniwati
Published: October 2021

Abstrak: Permasalahan penelitian bagaimana meningkatkan prestasi belajar pada materi pokok rumus segitiga dengan menerapkan metode discovery learning. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui peningkatan prestasi belajar siswa melalui penerapan metode discovery learning. Sumber data penelitian adalah siswa kelas X MM2 SMK Negeri 1 Kabanjahe Kabupaten Karo Provinsi Sumatera Utara pada semester genap tahun pelajaran 2018/2019 berjumlah 32 siswa. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian penerapan menunjukan metode discovery learning dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar pada siswa kelas X MM2 SMK Negeri 1 Kabanjahe materi pokok Rumus Segitiga. Hasil prasiklus ditemukan 13 siswa (48,15%) dari 32 siswa tuntas belajar. Hasil ini meningkat pada Siklus  menjadi 17 siswa tuntas belajar atau (62,96%), dan selanjutnya pada Siklus I mencapai 23 siswa tuntas belajar (85,19%). Rata-rata hasil belajar Matematika menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dari prasiklus sebesar 57,34 menjadi 64,69 pada Siklus I, lalu meningkat pada Siklus II sebesar 79,53. Dengan demikian penerapan metode discovery learning terbukti meningkatkan prestasi belajar Matematika materi rumus segitiga pada kelas X MM2 SMK Negeri 1 Kabanjahe, sehingga dapat untuk diterapkan. Kata kunci: Pembelajaran discovery learning, Prestasi belajar Matematika Abstract: The research problem is how to improve learning achievement on the subject matter of the triangle formula by applying the discovery learning method. The purpose of the study was to determine the increase in student achievement through the application of the discovery learning method. The source of the research data were students of class X MM2 SMK Negeri 1 Kabanjahe, Karo Regency, North Sumatra Province in the even semester of the 2018/2019 academic year totaling 32 students. Data collection was carried out quantitatively and qualitatively. The results of the application research show that the discovery learning method can improve learning achievement in class X MM2 SMK Negeri 1 Kabanjahe with the subject matter of the Triangle Formula. Pre-cycle results found 13 students (48.15%) out of 32 students had completed their studies. This result increased in the cycle to 17 students who finished studying or (62.96%) and then in the cycle reached 23 students who finished learning (85.19%). The average mathematics learning outcomes showed a significant increase from pre-cycle of 57.34 to 64.69 in Cycle, then increased to 79.53 in Cycle I. Thus, the application of the discovery learning method is proven to improve learning achievement in mathematics with the triangle formula material in class X MM2 SMK Negeri 1 Kabanjahe, so it can be applied. Keywords: Discovery learning, Mathematics learning achievement
A Cross-Sectional Study of Electronic Cigarette Use Among Chinese Adult Populations in Four Cities of China. Part I. Questionnaire Survey
Authors: Shang Ping-ping , Zhao Ge , Li Xiang , Hua Chen-feng , Zhang Yi-chun , Zhao Jun-wei , Wang Sheng , Sun Pei-jian , Guo Jun-wei , Fan Mei-juan , Guo Ji-zhao , Zheng Sai-jing , Pan Li-ning , Lu Cheng-wei , Xie Fu-wei , Peng Gui-xin
Published: October 2021

The use of electronic cigarettes (ECs) has grown exponentially over the past few years in China. To obtain the basic information of Chinese EC users, a questionnaire survey was performed to collect the data that describe characteristics of study populations, including daily usage, consumption preference, and risk perception. Volunteers were recruited from Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen cities of China. In total, among the 511 participants that were included in the analysis, 491 participants (95%) used refillable ECs in the past 3 months. There was a strong association between EC use and traditional cigarette smoking. The majority of participants were dual users and the number of cigarettes smoked decreased with the use of ECs. After using an EC, 20.7% of conventional cigarette smokers attempted to quit smoking. Young people were the primary users across all geographic locations. Specifically, the daily usage for the participants who were 18–39 years old, was higher than those over 40 years old. The majority of participants (59.9%) preferred fruit flavors and 57.8% of them used 1–5 mg/mL nicotine-concentration liquids. Most EC users are motived to quit smoking, and 74.6% claimed that the ECs had no irritant effect on the oral cavity. A total of 50.5% of family members of the study participants reported an improvement of health status while the participants used ECs instead of traditional cigarettes. Overall, the results of this Chinese survey indicate that the per-day cigarette consumption of the dual users decreased whereas their proportion of smokers of low-“tar” cigarettes increased.
Predictors of nurses’ response to informal carers’ interventions in medication safety and their collaboration with nurse colleagues and physicians: a cross-sectional factorial survey from Switzerland / Prädiktoren der Reaktion von Pflegefachpersonen auf Interventionen von betreuenden Angehörigen zur Medikationssicherheit und ihre Zusammenarbeit mit pflegerischem und ärztlichem Personal: eine faktorielle Querschnittstudie aus der Schweiz
Authors: Riguzzi Marco , Jähnke Anke , Bischofberger Iren
Published: October 2021

Background

Informal carers contribute significantly to healthcare delivery in Switzerland. Many of them are experienced in everyday practice and perform medication management procedures. Medication is a vital topic in patient safety; however, there is little knowledge about carers’ involvement in the medication process.

Design

As a part of a larger study with a sequential mixed-methods design, this quantitative cross-sectional factorial online survey explored nurses’ responses towards carers’ interventions in medication safety, as well as their collaboration with nurse colleagues and/or physicians.

Method

285 nurses from a chapter of the Swiss Nurses’ Association evaluated case vignettes in which carers approached them regarding (supposed) medication errors at the hospital. The data were analysed by fractional, ordered and multinomial logistic regression models, and robustness was tested by a probit model and an ordinary least squares model.

Results

Nurses were significantly less likely to approve carers’ interventions if the relationship between the carer and the cared-for person was unclear to them, or if approached in an accusatory way. Prior experience in similar situations and higher education had the opposite effect. Higher age of the nurse and regular contact with carers increased collaboration with other nurses and physicians in verifying the carers’ claims.

Conclusion

The results highlight the importance of experience with and communication shaped to carers, emphasising an overarching perspective of the medication process by the nurse, including validating the carers’ claims in intra- and interprofessional collaboration. These competencies cannot be taken for granted. They must be taught and trained, as well as supported by carer-friendly executive management.
Entropy Stable Discontinuous Galerkin Finite Element Method with Multi-Dimensional Slope Limitation for Euler Equations
Authors: Madrane Aziz , Benkhaldoun Fayssal
Published: October 2021

We present an entropy stable Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) finite element method to approximate systems of 2-dimensional symmetrizable conservation laws on unstructured grids. The scheme is constructed using a combination of entropy conservative fluxes and entropy-stable numerical dissipation operators. The method is designed to work on structured as well as on unstructured meshes. As solutions of hyperbolic conservation laws can develop discontinuities (shocks) in finite time, we include a multidimensional slope limitation step to suppress spurious oscillations in the vicinity of shocks. The numerical scheme has two steps: the first step is a finite element calculation which includes calculations of fluxes across the edges of the elements using 1-D entropy stable solver. The second step is a procedure of stabilization through a truly multi-dimensional slope limiter. We compared the Entropy Stable Scheme (ESS) versus Roe’s solvers associated with entropy corrections and Osher’s solver. The method is illustrated by computing solution of the two stationary problems: a regular shock reflection problem and a 2-D flow around a double ellipse at high Mach number.
Functional contradictions in the financial control system
Authors: Khokonov Beslan Mukhamedovich
Published: October 2021

The subject of this research is the functional contradictions of financial control that have developed between its key systemic goal and organizational forms of practical implementation. Currently, the management and organization of financial control do not correspond to the content of the control function of finance, the generally accepted interpretation of which is the orientation towards optimization of cost proportions of reproduction. In terms of formal all-encompassing systematicity of financial control, the dynamics of these cost proportions is not allocated by the existing organizational schemes, which is particularly evident in the unfolding processes of financialization of the economy. Such functional incompatibility is systemic in nature, and substantiates the need for fundamental changes in the content of financial control, which would ensure the return of finances to their initial control function. The goal of this research lies in outlining the priority vector of transformation of financial control. The results and scientific novelty of this work are presented in interpretation of the new content of financial control through integration with the formation of the fundamentals of digital economy, priority development of such cross-cutting technology as the distributed public registry blockchain. In conclusion, the author justifies the need of turning financial control into the internal immanent component of financial relations on the rigid background technology with automatic collection processes, recovery, analysis and storage of data.
Testing results of the digital app for teaching calligraphy to elementary school students
Authors: Danilova Ol'ga Anatol'evna , Tereshkin Ivan Leonidovich , Mishina Natal'ya Yur'evna
Published: October 2021

The subject of this research, which is dedicated to testing the digital app “Calligraphy.rus – Learning to Write Letters” for teaching calligraphy to elementary school students, is the quality, effectiveness and convenience of using this educational app in working with elementary school students. The object of this research is the assessments and opinions of elementary school teachers acquired in the course of testing of this app. Testing involved over 400 pedagogues from more than 30 Russian regions; it was conducted based on the method of situation modeling of using digital app in practice, as well as the survey technique. The scientific novelty lies in obtaining objective assessments on the practical effectiveness of modern digital educational resource in the format of digital app for teaching skills of calligraphic writing to elementary school students. The conclusion is made on the high functional capacity of the indicated digital resource based on the assessment given by the pedagogues on such parameters as convenience, design and characters, ease of understanding, task description and feedback. The pedagogues consider this digital app as a promising instrument to be implemented in the educational process and extracurricular activities.
Poetry and citizenship: notes on slam poetry in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro from 2016-2020
Authors: Silva de Freitas Daniela
Published: October 2021

The dispute towards the meanings of citizenship and poetry is one of the main concerns of the slam poetry produced in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro between 2016 and 2020. This text analyzes works by Carol Dall Farra, Lucas Afonso, Luiza Romão, Luz Ribeiro, Mel Duarte, Roberta Estrela D’Alva, Tom Grito and Valentine and the context of their performance. It tries to foreground the mutually constitutive relationship between poetry and citizenship in the slam produced in these cities during this period. This relationship is grounded both at the level of the word, in the topics brought to discussion by the poets, and at the level of performance, in the enactment and collective pratice of slam poetry by the members of its community, its organizers, poets and audience members.
Cidadania contra a democracia
Authors: Signates Luiz , Leal Maiara Raquel Campos
Published: October 2021

O objetivo geral do artigo é explorar algumas contradições comunicacionais dos movimentos sociais conservadores que atuaram no Brasil na última década, mais especificamente, entre o segundo mandato de Dilma Rousseff até o atual governo de Jair Bolsonaro (2015-2020), situando também como as particularidades da cultura política no país se refletem na relação conflituosa entre cidadania e democracia, que se agravou no contexto pandêmico, principalmente pela influência das redes sociais. Buscamos delinear os sentidos comunicacionais que foram acionados por esses coletivos e ativismos durante o período, já que representam os dispositivos comunicacionais de luta pela legitimação dentro da condição democrática. Concluímos afirmando que a democracia brasileira ainda não é uma experiência cidadã, ou que a cidadania brasileira não é uma experiência democrática, principalmente devido à falta de comunicabilidade nos laços que unem as duas condições na vivência social da população.
conservadorismo-liberal no Brasil de Bolsonaro: a força da articulação no contexto de pandemia
Authors: Chaguri Mariana , M. Cavalcante Sávio , Nicolau Netto Michel
Published: October 2021

Neste artigo, apontamos que o governo do presidente Jair Bolsonaro está assentado numa articulação política e ideológica que chamamos de conservadorismo-liberal. Para explorar este argumento, nos detemos prioritariamente na análise da reunião ministerial realizada em abril de 2020, sustentando que a reconversão da pauta operada em seu curso, bem como que as opções realizadas para o enfrentamento da pandemia da Covid-19 por parte do governo federal, nos permitem caracterizar os conteúdos próprios do conservadorismo-liberal. Abordamos, assim, temas como as noções de liberdade e o papel da família e do Estado na articulação entre esses dois pólos.
Art, craft and science of limb amputation Part 2. Сraft of amputation: from Ambroise Pare to Pierre Dionis (late XVI century – early XVIII century)
Authors: Glyantsev S. P.
Published: October 2021

Since the XVI century until the beginning of the XVII century an operation of limb amputation has undergone changes and improvements that have affected all its aspects: preparation for carrying out, the technique of performing and postoperative treatment of patients. The invention of the ligature (1552) and the tourniquet (1674) became revolutionary. Wet and dry gangrene, extensive trauma to soft tissues and bones, traumatic limb amputation and osteomyelitis were considered of indications for amputation. The deontological and legal framework for amputation was developed, including the patient’s consent to the operation and the awareness of relatives about its outcomes. The article presents an instrumental and dressing apparatus of the XVII century for the operation; medicines used for general and local treatment of the patient before and after truncation of the stump; sedation and pain relief issues; technique of circular and one soft tissue flap (1679) amputation; the choice of tissue dissection level; methods of stopping bleeding (astringents, pressure bandage, cauterization, ligation and stitching of blood vessels); a method of stitching a stump wound, applying a bandage on it and strengthening it; postoperative management (regimen and diet, dressing change, staged wound treatment, complications); the phenomenon and causes of “phantom limbs”.