bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Current and projected flood exposure for Alaska coastal communities
Authors: Buzard Richard M. , Maio Christopher V. , Erikson Li H. , Overbeck Jacquelyn R. , Kinsman Nicole E. M. , Jones Benjamin M.
Published: April 2024

Globally, coastal communities experience flood hazards that are projected to worsen from climate change and sea level rise. The 100-year floodplain or record flood are commonly used to identify risk areas for planning purposes. Remote communities often lack measured flood elevations and require innovative approaches to estimate flood elevations. This study employs observation-based methods to estimate the record flood elevation in Alaska communities and compares results to elevation models, infrastructure locations, and sea level rise projections. In 46 analyzed communities, 22% of structures are located within the record floodplain. With sea level rise projections, this estimate increases to 30–37% of structures by 2100 if structures remain in the same location. Flood exposure is highest in western Alaska. Sea level rise projections suggest northern Alaska will see similar flood exposure levels by 2100 as currently experienced in western Alaska. This evaluation of record flood height, category, and history can be incorporated into hazard planning documents, providing more context for coastal flood exposure than previously existed for Alaska. This basic flood exposure method is transferable to other areas with similar mapping challenges. Identifying current and projected hazardous zones is essential to avoid unintentional development in floodplains and improve long-term safety.
Central inhibition of stearoyl-CoA desaturase has minimal effects on the peripheral metabolic symptoms of the 3xTg Alzheimer’s disease mouse model
Authors: Hamilton Laura K. , M’Bra Paule E. H. , Mailloux Sophia , Galoppin Manon , Aumont Anne , Fernandes Karl J. L.
Published: April 2024

Evidence from genetic and epidemiological studies point to lipid metabolism defects in both the brain and periphery being at the core of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis. Previously, we reported that central inhibition of the rate-limiting enzyme in monounsaturated fatty acid synthesis, stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), improves brain structure and function in the 3xTg mouse model of AD (3xTg-AD). Here, we tested whether these beneficial central effects involve recovery of peripheral metabolic defects, such as fat accumulation and glucose and insulin handling. As early as 3 months of age, 3xTg-AD mice exhibited peripheral phenotypes including increased body weight and visceral and subcutaneous white adipose tissue as well as diabetic-like peripheral gluco-regulatory abnormalities. We found that intracerebral infusion of an SCD inhibitor that normalizes brain fatty acid desaturation, synapse loss and learning and memory deficits in middle-aged memory-impaired 3xTg-AD mice did not affect these peripheral phenotypes. This suggests that the beneficial effects of central SCD inhibition on cognitive function are not mediated by recovery of peripheral metabolic abnormalities. Given the widespread side-effects of systemically administered SCD inhibitors, these data suggest that selective inhibition of SCD in the brain may represent a clinically safer and more effective strategy for AD.
Phytochemical exploration of Neolitsea pallens leaves using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS approach
Authors: Thakur Nisha , Murali K. , Bhadoriya Khushaboo , Tripathi Y. C. , Varshney V. K.
Published: April 2024

Neolitsea pallens(D. Don) Momiyama & H. Hara (Family: Lauraceae), commonly known as Pale Litsea, is an evergreen small tree, distributed in India at altitudes of 1500–3000 m. Traditionally utilized for various purposes, its leaves and bark are used as spices, and the plant is valued in preparing a hair tonic from freshly pressed juice. Secondary metabolites of the leaves have not comprehensively been analysed so far. The objective of the study was to determine the chemical composition of the leaves by analysing their 25% aqueous methanol extract with the aid of ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight tandem mass spectrometry. Overall, 56 compounds were identified in the study. Phenolics represented by phenolic acids, phenolic glycosides, proanthocyanidins, and flavonoids were the main components of the extract.
Identification and structural characterization of small molecule inhibitors of PINK1
Authors: Rasool Shafqat , Shomali Tara , Truong Luc , Croteau Nathalie , Veyron Simon , Bustillos Bernardo A. , Springer Wolfdieter , Fiesel Fabienne C. , Trempe Jean-François
Published: April 2024

Mutations in PINK1 and Parkin cause early-onset Parkinson’s Disease (PD). PINK1 is a kinase which functions as a mitochondrial damage sensor and initiates mitochondrial quality control by accumulating on the damaged organelle. There, it phosphorylates ubiquitin, which in turn recruits and activates Parkin, an E3 ubiquitin ligase. Ubiquitylation of mitochondrial proteins leads to the autophagic degradation of the damaged organelle. Pharmacological modulation of PINK1 constitutes an appealing avenue to study its physiological function and develop therapeutics. In this study, we used a thermal shift assay with insect PINK1 to identify small molecules that inhibit ATP hydrolysis and ubiquitin phosphorylation. PRT062607, an SYK inhibitor, is the most potent inhibitor in our screen and inhibits both insect and human PINK1, with an IC50 in the 0.5–3 µM range in HeLa cells and dopaminergic neurons. The crystal structures of insect PINK1 bound to PRT062607 or CYC116 reveal how the compounds interact with the ATP-binding pocket. PRT062607 notably engages with the catalytic aspartate and causes a destabilization of insert-2 at the autophosphorylation dimer interface. While PRT062607 is not selective for PINK1, it provides a scaffold for the development of more selective and potent inhibitors of PINK1 that could be used as chemical probes.
Immune protection of three serine protease inhibitors vaccine in mice against Rhipicephalus sanguineus
Authors: Zhao Xiaoya , Zhao Jianguo , Wang Jinhua , Liao Chenghong , Guan Qingfeng , Han Qian
Published: April 2024

Bioactive molecules in tick saliva are considered to be key to successful feeding and further the transmission of tick-borne pathogens. Problems such as pathogen transmission and animal weight loss result in tick infestation can cause tremendous economic losses to the livestock industry. Therefore, the development of a universal tick vaccine is urgently needed. In this paper, three serine protease inhibitor (serpin) proteins RMS-3, L7LRK7 and L7LTU1 were analyzed with bioinformatics methods. Subsequently the proteins were expressed and purified, and inoculated into Kunming mice for immune protection analysis. The amino acid sequence similarities between RMS-3, L7LRK7 and L7LTU1 were up to 90% in Rhipicephalus sanguineus. The recombinant RMS-3 + L7LRK7 + L7LTU1 showed anticoagulant reaction function and could inhibit the activity of CD4+ lymphocytes, when inoculated into Kunming mice. Additionally, After the immunized mice were challenged with Rhipicephalus sanguineus, the percentage of larvae and nymphs that were fully engorged dropped to 40.87% (P < 0.05) and 87.68% (P > 0.05) in the RmS-3 + L7LRK7 immune group, 49.57% (P < 0.01) and 52.06% (P < 0.05) in the RmS-3 + L7LTU1 group, and 45.22% (P < 0.05) and 60.28% (P < 0.05) in the RmS-3 + L7LRK7 + L7LTU1 immune group, in comparison with the control group. These data indicate that RmS-3 + L7LRK7 + L7LTU1 has good immune protection and has the potential to be developed into a vaccine against the larvae and nymphs of R. sanguineus.
Measurement of relative transition strengths of 133Cs Rydberg D states using electromagnetically induced transparency
Authors: Bao Shanxia , Zhang Hao , Zhang Linjie , Xiao Liantuan , Jia Suotang
Published: April 2024

Transition strengths between states are fundamental physical properties of atomic spectra. The differences in fine structure splitting of certain states are mainly attributed to the angular momentum parts of transition dipole matrix elements. These can be calculated by integrating the wave-functions theoretically and can be accessed by selecting corresponding polarizations of the exciting lasers experimentally. We measured the transition strengths ratios of nD$$_{5/2}$$

5
/
2

/nD$$_{3/2}$$

3
/
2

via Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) by changing the powers and polarizations of probing and coupling lasers in a room temperature cesium vapor cell. The variation of the ratios on the principal quantum number n which ranges from 40 to 62 is also investigated. Theoretical and experimental results agreed with each other.
RECQL4 is not critical for firing of human DNA replication origins
Authors: Padayachy Laura , Ntallis Sotirios G. , Halazonetis Thanos D.
Published: April 2024

Human RECQL4, a member of the RecQ helicase family, plays a role in maintaining genomic stability, but its precise function remains unclear. The N-terminus of RECQL4 has similarity to Sld2, a protein required for the firing of DNA replication origins in budding yeast. Consistent with this sequence similarity, the Xenopus laevis homolog of RECQL4 has been implicated in initiating DNA replication in egg extracts. To determine whether human RECQL4 is required for firing of DNA replication origins, we generated cells in which both RECQL4 alleles were targeted, resulting in either lack of protein expression (knock-out; KO) or expression of a full-length, mutant protein lacking helicase activity (helicase-dead; HD). Interestingly, both the RECQL4 KO and HD cells were viable and exhibited essentially identical origin firing profiles as the parental cells. Analysis of the rate of fork progression revealed increased rates in the RECQL4 KO cells, which might be indicative of decreased origin firing efficiency. Our results are consistent with human RECQL4 having a less critical role in firing of DNA replication origins, than its budding yeast homolog Sld2.
Oncological and functional outcome after laryngectomy for laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer: a population-based analysis in Germany from 2001 to 2020
Authors: Kouka Mussab , Beckmann Louise , Bitter Thomas , Kaftan Holger , Böger Daniel , Büntzel Jens , Müller Andreas , Hoffmann Kerstin , Podzimek Jiri , Pietschmann Klaus , Ernst Thomas , Guntinas-Lichius Orlando
Published: April 2024

Prognostic factors for overall survival (OS), percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) dependency, and long-term speech rehabilitation via voice prosthesis (VP) after laryngectomy for laryngeal or hypopharyngeal cancer were investigated in a retrospective population-based study in Thuringia, Germany. A total of 617 patients (68.7% larynx; hypopharynx; 31.3%; 93.7% men; median age 62 years; 66.0% stage IV) from 2001 to 2020 were included. Kaplan–Meier and Cox multivariable regression analyses were performed. 23.7% of patients received a PEG. 74.7% received a VP. Median OS was 131 months. Independent factors for lower OS were stage IV (compared to stage II; hazard ratio [HR] = 3.455; confidence interval [CI] 1.395–8.556) and laryngectomy for a recurrent disease (HR = 1.550; CI 1.078–2.228). Median time to PEG removal was 7 months. Prior partial surgery before laryngectomy showed a tendency for independent association for later PEG removal (HR = 1.959; CI 0.921–4.167). Postoperative aspiration needing treatment was an independent risk factor (HR = 2.679; CI 1.001–7.167) for later definitive VP removal. Laryngectomy continuously plays an important role in a curative daily routine treatment setting of advanced laryngeal or hypopharyngeal cancer in Germany. Long-term dependency on nutrition via PEG is an important issue, whereas use of VP is a stable long-term measure for voice rehabilitation.
Feeding Drosophila gut microbiomes from young and old flies modifies the microbiome
Authors: Wesseltoft Jonas Bruhn , Danielsen Christian Dupont , Andersen Andreas Mølgaard , de Jonge Nadieh , Olsen Anders , Rohde Palle Duun , Kristensen Torsten Nygaard
Published: April 2024

It is becoming increasingly evident that the myriad of microbes in the gut, within cells and attached to body parts (or roots of plants), play crucial roles for the host. Although this has been known for decades, recent developments in molecular biology allow for expanded insight into the abundance and function of these microbes. Here we used the vinegar fly, Drosophila melanogaster, to investigate fitness measures across the lifetime of flies fed a suspension of gut microbes harvested from young or old flies, respectively. Our hypothesis was that flies constitutively enriched with a ‘Young microbiome’ would live longer and be more agile at old age (i.e. have increased healthspan) compared to flies enriched with an ‘Old microbiome’. Three major take home messages came out of our study: (1) the gut microbiomes of young and old flies differ markedly; (2) feeding flies with Young and Old microbiomes altered the microbiome of recipient flies and (3) the two different microbial diets did not have any effect on locomotor activity nor lifespan of the recipient flies, contradicting our working hypothesis. Combined, these results provide novel insight into the interplay between hosts and their microbiomes and clearly highlight that the phenotypic effects of gut transplants and probiotics can be complex and unpredictable.
On an electromagnetic calculation of ionospheric conductance that seems to override the field line integrated conductivity
Authors: Cosgrove Russell B.
Published: April 2024

The ionospheric conductance is the major quantity that determines the interaction of the magnetosphere with the ionosphere, where the magnetosphere is the large region of space affected by Earth’s geomagnetic field, and the ionosphere is its electrically conducting inner boundary, lying right on the edge of the atmosphere. Storms and substorms in space dissipate their energy through ionospheric currents, which heat the atmosphere and disrupt satellite orbits. The ionospheric conductance has, heretofore, been estimated using the staticized physics known as electrostatic theory, which finds that it can be computed by integrating the zero-frequency conductivity along the lines of Earth’s geomagnetic field. In this work we test this supposition by deriving an electromagnetic solution for collisional plasma, and applying it to obtain a first-ever fully-electromagnetic calculation of ionospheric conductance. We compare the results to the field line integrated conductivity, and find significant differences on all scales investigated. We find short-wavelength, mode-mixing, and wave-admittance effects that were completely unexpected. When this theoretical result is matched with recent observational findings for the scale of the magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling-interaction, there results a situation where small- to intermediate-scale effects really may contribute to global modeling of the Sun-Earth system.
Experimental study on evaluation of density, P-wave velocity, thermal conductivity, and thermal diffusion coefficient of granite after thermal treatments by using PCA
Authors: Wu Xinghui , Huang Changfu , Li Peng , Zhang Shuailong , Xu Zhe
Published: April 2024

Temperature significantly influences the physical parameters of granite, resulting in variations in the rock's thermal conductivity. In order to examine the impact of changes in multiple physical parameters of granite at different temperatures on the thermal conductivity of rocks, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was employed to determine the correlation between granite at different temperatures and various physical parameters, including density (ρ), P-wave velocity (P), thermal conductivity (KT), and thermal diffusion coefficient (KD). Utilizing the linear contribution rate, a single indicator 'y' was derived to comprehensively represent the thermal conductivity of rocks. Research findings indicate that within the temperature range of 150–450 °C, the 'y'-value is relatively high, signifying favorable thermal conductivity of the rock. Notably, longitudinal wave velocity demonstrates higher sensitivity to temperature changes compared to other physical parameters.
Performances and determinants of proficiency testing in clinical laboratory services at comprehensive specialized hospitals, northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Cherie Negesse , Deress Teshiwal , Wolde Maereg , Teketelew Bisrat Birke , Tamir Mebratu , Angelo Abiy Ayele , Terekegne Amare Mekuanint , Chane Elias , Nigus Mesele , Berta Dereje Mengesha , Adane Kasaw
Published: April 2024

Proficiency testing (PT) is an impartial laboratory performance-evaluating system using an independent body. It is a mandatory accreditation requirement and means for improving the laboratory’s performance. The study aimed to evaluate the performance of PT, with a focus on identifying and discussing determinants that influence PT performance at comprehensive specialized hospitals in northwest Ethiopia. A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out from 2020 to 2022. Using a convenient sampling technique, laboratory tests with recorded PT results in each hospital laboratory were included. A data collection template and customized checklists were used to collect the data. Epi Data Version 3.1 for data entry and STATA Version 14.1 for cleaning and analysis were used. Binary logistic regression analyses were used. Variables with p < 0.05 in the multivariable logistic regression were considered to be statistically significant. Over nine cycles, 3807 PT challenges were distributed. The total failure rate of the laboratories was 32.4%, with a peak failure rate of 40.3% in 2020, after which the failure rate was decline to 20.6% in 2022. Among the five laboratory sections, molecular biology had the lowest failure rate (22.2%), while microbiology had the highest failure rate (56.5%). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that PT results reported without appropriate unit of measurement (AOR 7.5), lack of corrective action for PT nonconformance (AOR 7.1), and reagent unavailability (AOR 6.1) had significant effects on PT performance (p < 0.001). The results of this study showed that the overall performance of the laboratory was lower. Reporting PT results without appropriate units of measurement and not taking corrective action for PT nonconformance were the major aggravating factors for high failure rates.
Instance-level 6D pose estimation based on multi-task parameter sharing for robotic grasping
Authors: Zhang Liming , Zhou Xin , Liu Jiaqing , Wang Can , Wu Xinyu
Published: April 2024

Six-dimensional pose estimation task predicts its 3D rotation matrix and 3D translation matrix in the world coordinate system by inputting the color image or depth image of the target object. Existing methods usually use deep neural networks to directly predict or regress object poses based on keypoint methods. The prediction results usually have deviations depending on whether the surface shape of the object is prominent or not and the size of the object. To solve this problem, we propose the six-dimensional pose estimation based on multi-task parameter sharing (PMP) framework to incorporate object category information into the pose estimation network through the form of an object classification auxiliary task. First, we extract the image features and point cloud features of the target object separately, and fuse them point by point; then, we share the confidence of each keypoint in pose estimation task and the knowledge of the classification task, get the key points with higher confidence, and predict the object pose; finally, the obtained object pose is passed through an iterative optimization network to obtain the final pose. The experimental results on the LineMOD dataset show that the proposed method can improve the accuracy of pose estimation and narrow the gap in the prediction accuracy of objects with different shapes. We also tested on a new dataset of small-scale objects, which contains object RGBD images and accurate 3D point cloud information. The proposed method is applied to the grasping experiment on the UR5 robotic arm, which satisfies the real-time pose estimation results during the grasping process.
Warning sign of an accelerating decline in critically endangered killer whales (Orcinus orca)
Authors: Williams Rob , Lacy Robert C. , Ashe Erin , Barrett-Lennard Lance , Brown Tanya M. , Gaydos Joseph K. , Gulland Frances , MacDuffee Misty , Nelson Benjamin W. , Nielsen Kimberly A. , Nollens Hendrik , Raverty Stephen , Reiss Stephanie , Ross Peter S. , Collins Marena Salerno , Stimmelmayr Raphaela , Paquet Paul
Published: April 2024

Wildlife species and populations are being driven toward extinction by a combination of historic and emerging stressors (e.g., overexploitation, habitat loss, contaminants, climate change), suggesting that we are in the midst of the planet’s sixth mass extinction. The invisible loss of biodiversity before species have been identified and described in scientific literature has been termed, memorably, dark extinction. The critically endangered Southern Resident killer whale (Orcinus orca) population illustrates its contrast, which we term bright extinction; namely the noticeable and documented precipitous decline of a data-rich population toward extinction. Here we use a population viability analysis to test the sensitivity of this killer whale population to variability in age structure, survival rates, and prey-demography functional relationships. Preventing extinction is still possible but will require greater sacrifices on regional ocean use, urban development, and land use practices, than would have been the case had threats been mitigated even a decade earlier.
Proteome profiling of home-sampled dried blood spots reveals proteins of SARS-CoV-2 infections
Authors: Fredolini Claudia , Dodig-Crnković Tea , Bendes Annika , Dahl Leo , Dale Matilda , Albrecht Vincent , Mattsson Cecilia , Thomas Cecilia E. , Torinsson Naluai Åsa , Gisslen Magnus , Beck Olof , Roxhed Niclas , Schwenk Jochen M.
Published: April 2024

Background

Self-sampling of dried blood spots (DBS) offers new routes to gather valuable health-related information from the general population. Yet, the utility of using deep proteome profiling from home-sampled DBS to obtain clinically relevant insights about SARS-CoV-2 infections remains largely unexplored.

Methods

Our study involved 228 individuals from the general Swedish population who used a volumetric DBS sampling device and completed questionnaires at home during spring 2020 and summer 2021. Using multi-analyte COVID-19 serology, we stratified the donors by their response phenotypes, divided them into three study sets, and analyzed 276 proteins by proximity extension assays (PEA). After normalizing the data to account for variances in layman-collected samples, we investigated the association of DBS proteomes with serology and self-reported information.

Results

Our three studies display highly consistent variance of protein levels and share associations of proteins with sex (e.g., MMP3) and age (e.g., GDF-15). Studying seropositive (IgG+) and seronegative (IgG-) donors from the first pandemic wave reveals a network of proteins reflecting immunity, inflammation, coagulation, and stress response. A comparison of the early-infection phase (IgM+IgG-) with the post-infection phase (IgM-IgG+) indicates several proteins from the respiratory system. In DBS from the later pandemic wave, we find that levels of a virus receptor on B-cells differ between seropositive (IgG+) and seronegative (IgG-) donors.

Conclusions

Proteome analysis of volumetric self-sampled DBS facilitates precise analysis of clinically relevant proteins, including those secreted into the circulation or found on blood cells, augmenting previous COVID-19 reports with clinical blood collections. Our population surveys support the usefulness of DBS, underscoring the role of timing the sample collection to complement clinical and precision health monitoring initiatives.
Discrepancies in academic perceptions of climate change and implications for climate change education
Authors: Mbah Marcellus Forh
Published: April 2024

Climate change is arguably the most severe threat faced by humanity today. In an attempt to understand how humanity can manage this phenomenon for planetary health, it is fundamental to have an understanding of what it is. This aligns with a critical gap in the extant literature, that is, how different perceptions of climate change among facilitators of learning (in this case, academics) can enable the establishment of a framework of critical consciousness that could boost climate change education and contribute to climate change management. To this end, the study that underpins this paper set out to capture the perceptions of climate change among a selection of academics at a local university in Cameroon. Following a comprehensive analysis of the data, different views on the subject emerged, aligning with scientific, observational, and cultural definitions. Drawing on theoretical insights into critical consciousness, the findings of this study have wider implications for climate change education at universities. A framework is suggested to support educators as they foster critical thinking among learners, as this can facilitate their ability and the wider community to make informed decisions on mitigation and adaptation strategies in light of climate change and the threats it carries.
The ER-SURF pathway uses ER-mitochondria contact sites for protein targeting to mitochondria
Authors: Koch Christian , Lenhard Svenja , Räschle Markus , Prescianotto-Baschong Cristina , Spang Anne , Herrmann Johannes M
Published: April 2024

Most mitochondrial proteins are synthesized on cytosolic ribosomes and imported into mitochondria in a post-translational reaction. Mitochondrial precursor proteins which use the ER-SURF pathway employ the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) as an important sorting platform. How they reach the mitochondrial import machinery from the ER is not known. Here we show that mitochondrial contact sites play a crucial role in the ER-to-mitochondria transfer of precursor proteins. The ER mitochondria encounter structure (ERMES) and Tom70, together with Djp1 and Lam6, are part of two parallel and partially redundant ER-to-mitochondria delivery routes. When ER-to-mitochondria transfer is prevented by loss of these two contact sites, many precursors of mitochondrial inner membrane proteins are left stranded on the ER membrane, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction. Our observations support an active role of the ER in mitochondrial protein biogenesis.
Oxidized glutathione reverts carbapenem resistance in blaNDM-1-carrying Escherichia coli
Authors: Ye Dongyang , Li Xiaowei , Zhao Liang , Liu Saiwa , Jia Xixi , Wang Zhinan , Du Jingjing , Ge Lirui , Shen Jianzhong , Xia Xi
Published: April 2024

The emergence of drug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae carrying plasmid-mediated β-lactamase genes has become a significant threat to public health. Organisms in the Enterobacteriaceae family containing New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase‑1 (NDM-1) and its variants, which are capable of hydrolyzing nearly all β-lactam antibacterial agents, including carbapenems, are referred to as superbugs and distributed worldwide. Despite efforts over the past decade, the discovery of an NDM-1 inhibitor that can reach the clinic remains a challenge. Here, we identified oxidized glutathione (GSSG) as a metabolic biomarker for blaNDM-1 using a non-targeted metabolomics approach and demonstrated that GSSG supplementation could restore carbapenem susceptibility in Escherichia coli carrying blaNDM-1 in vitro and in vivo. We showed that exogenous GSSG promotes the bactericidal effects of carbapenems by interfering with intracellular redox homeostasis and inhibiting the expression of NDM-1 in drug-resistant E. coli. This study establishes a metabolomics-based strategy to potentiate metabolism-dependent antibiotic efficacy for the treatment of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
Bioactivity of cerium dioxide nanoparticles as a function of size and surface features
Authors: Sarnatskaya Veronika , Shlapa Yuliia , Kolesnik Denis , Lykhova Olexandra , Klymchuk Dmytro , Solopan Serhii , Lyubchyk Svitlana , Golovynska Iuliia , Qu Junle , Stepanov Yurii , Belous Anatolii
Published: April 2024

Nano-dispersed cerium dioxide is promising for use in medicine due to its unique physicochemical properties, low toxicity, the safety of in vivo usage, active participation in different redox processes occurring in living cells, and its regenerative potential.
Critical role of dissolved oxygen and iron–copper synergy in dual-metal/char catalyst systems
Authors: Luo Yang , Li Hong , Yang Hailan , Yang Zhiming , Li Chuang , Liu Shaoheng , Chen Qiang , Xu Weihua , Zhang Wei , Tan Xiaofei
Published: April 2024

The critical role of dissolved oxygen and iron–copper synergy in dual-metal/char catalyst system was studied.
Upcycling of plastic membrane industrial scraps and reuse as sorbent for emerging contaminants in water
Authors: Khaliha Sara , Tunioli Francesca , Foti Luca , Bianchi Antonio , Kovtun Alessandro , Marforio Tainah Dorina , Zambianchi Massimo , Bettini Cristian , Briñas Elena , Vázquez Ester , Bocchi Letizia , Palermo Vincenzo , Calvaresi Matteo , Navacchia Maria Luisa , Melucci Manuela
Published: April 2024

We describe a process for recycling scraps of graphene hollow fiber membranes into sorbent granules suitable for drinking water treatment.
Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatumNCU-08 ameliorated senescenceviamodulation of the AMPK/Sirt1 signaling pathway and gut microbiota in mice
Authors: Zeng Qingwei , Qi Zhanghua , He Xia , Luo Chuanlin , Wen Jianing , Wei Jing , Yue Fenfang , Zhao Xuanqi , Wei Hong , Chen Tingtao
Published: April 2024

Mechanisms ofB. pseudocatenulatumNCU-08 in mitigating agingviathe microbiota–gut–brain axis.
Pickering emulsion emulsified using novel cellulose nanofibers significantly lowers the lipid release rate and cellular absorption
Authors: Kuo Yin-Liang , Chou Yu-Jou , Hu Jing-Yu , Ting Yuwen
Published: April 2024

A Pickering emulsion is an emulsion system stabilized by solid particles and represents a promising candidate for emulsifying lipids.
Promising probiotic-fermented soymilk for alleviating acute diarrhea: insights into the microbiome and metabolomics
Authors: Madjirebaye Philippe , Peng Zhen , Mueed Abdul , Huang Tao , Peng Fei , Allasra Yammadjita , Benar Mbaiguebada Etienne , Hu Zhengchen , Xie Mingyong , Xiong Tao
Published: April 2024

Fermented soymilk (FSM4) has attracted much attention due to its nutritional and health characteristics.
Virus adsorption and elution using cationic polymer brushes: potential applications for passive sampling in wastewater-based epidemiology
Authors: Uchida Junya , Liu Miaomiao , Matsuyama Shizuka , Katayama Hiroyuki , Kato Takashi
Published: April 2024

Efficient virus adsorption and selective elution of a nonenveloped virus are demonstrated by using cationic polymer brushes. These materials may have potential for passive sampling in wastewater-based epidemiology.
Optical gain and entanglement through dielectric confinement and electric field in InP quantum dots
Authors: Garoufalis Christos S. , Hayrapetyan David B. , Sarkisyan Hayk A. , Mantashyan Paytsar A. , Zeng Zaiping , Galanakis Iosif , Bester Gabriel , Steenbock Torben , Baskoutas Sotirios
Published: April 2024

Influence of dielectric confinement in exciton–biexciton energetic ordering.
Determination of intermediates and products of the uranyl aerosol formation in UF6 hydrolysis in the gas phase
Authors: Salvador Christian Mark , Richards Jason M. , Mahurin Shannon M. , Cheng Meng-Dawn , Hubbard Joshua A.
Published: April 2024

A graphical representation of the uranyl aerosol formation.
Shedding light on language difficulties in introductory spectroscopy
Authors: Mundy Christine E. , Potgieter Marietjie , Seery Michael K.
Published: April 2024

General spectroscopy is known to be difficult for novice students due to its complex and abstract nature. In this study we used a first-year chemistry Mini Spec laboratory activity to uncover language barriers to student learning in spectroscopy. Analysis revealed that language barriers generated conceptual difficulties for English as Second Language (ESL) students. As well as demonstrating difficulty with understanding of the origin of spectral lines identified in prior research, this work surfaces previously unreported language difficulties which were characterized in terms of technical and non-technical language. These include observations that ‘refract’ and ‘diffract’ appeared poorly delineated for students, the teleological animism of ‘jump’ to describe excited electron transitions towards the ground state, and the non-technical term ‘discrete’ being difficult for students to understand and construct meaning for. In addition to this, students battled with the symbolic language required to depict the formation of spectral lines. Several solutions to the language difficulty are proposed including the re-sequencing of macroscopic, sub-microscopic and symbolic teaching and reconsidering the usefulness of certain non-technical terms for teaching and learning spectroscopy.
Fine-regulation of gradient gate-opening in nanoporous crystals for sieving separation of ternary C3 hydrocarbons
Authors: Liu Shuang , Huang Yuhang , Wan Jingmeng , Zheng Jia-Jia , Krishna Rajamani , Li Yi , Ge Kai , Tang Jie , Duan Jingui
Published: April 2024

We present a fine regulation of the gradient gate-opening in a series of soft nanoporous crystals, of which NTU-65-CoTi demonstrates an unprecedented breakthrough of ternary C3H4/C3H6/C3H8 mixture sieving separation in one-step.
Regulating electron transfer and orbital interaction within metalloporphyrin-MOFs for highly sensitive NO2 sensing
Authors: Chen Er-Xia , He Liang , Qiu Mei , Zhang Yongfan , Sun Yayong , Li Wen-Hua , Xiao Jian-Ze , Chen Jie , Xu Gang , Lin Qipu
Published: April 2024

The electron transfer pathways and orbital interactions between analytes and adsorption sites in gas-sensing were evaluated using isoreticular catechol–metalloporphyrin scaffolds.
Influence of Ru-substitution on the performance of pyrochlore catalysts in oxidative steam reforming of ethanol
Authors: Huang Yu-Hsuan , Hsieh Ho-Chen , Wang Yun-Hsin , Weng Sheng-Feng , Lee Chi-Shen
Published: April 2024

This study reveals that La2Zr2−xRuxO7−δ optimizes hydrogen production and ethanol conversion, particularly at a 2.66% Ru concentration, outperforming traditional 5 wt% Ru catalysts through superior long-term stability and efficiency.
Multifunctional hydrogel dressing based on fish gelatin/oxidized hyaluronate for promoting diabetic wound healing
Authors: Park Dong-Joo , Kim Se-Chang , Jang Jin-Bok , Lee Bonggi , Lee Seungjun , Ryu Bomi , Je Jae-Young , Park Won Sun , Jung Won-Kyo
Published: April 2024

Preparation procedures of the FOHI hydrogel dressing for diabetic wound treatment.
Contact resistances between ZnO and Ti, Al, Zn, and Bi: correlation with the density of states at Fermi energies
Authors: Hossein-Babaei Faramarz , Alizadeh Armin
Published: April 2024

Electronic features of interfaces formed between ZnO thin films and Ti, Al, Zn, and Bi are investigated. The contacts are ohmic, but produce different contact resistances. The results are correlated with the DOS of the respective metals at their EF.
A new colorimetric aptasensor for paraquat detection based on the designed aptamer with multiple paraquat binding sites in combination with gold nanoparticles
Authors: Kongpreecha Pakawat , Siri Sineenat
Published: April 2024

Given paraquat's environmental health risks, there is a need for a fast and simple detection method. This study presents a novel colorimetric aptasensor with a tailored aptamer, boosting sensitivity by targeting multiple paraquat binding sites.
Near-infrared responsive gold nanorods for highly sensitive colorimetric and photothermal lateral flow immuno-detection of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Liu Xiaohui , Li Jingwen , Wang Kun , Li Xiang , Wang Shenming , Guo Gengchen , Zheng Qiaowen , Zhang Maosheng , Zeng Jingbin
Published: April 2024

We developed a colorimetric and photothermal dual-mode LFIA platform for sensitive and selective SARS-CoV-2 N protein detection based on gold nanorods.
Light-inducible nanodrug-mediated photodynamic and anti-apoptotic synergy for enhanced immunotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Huang Jing , Liu Xingliang , Lin Minzhao , Xiao Zecong , Shuai Xintao
Published: April 2024

An ROS-labile nanodrug co-encapsulating Ce6 and a Bcl-2 inhibitor enabled PDT and reversed apoptotic resistance, demonstrating a potent inhibitory effect on tumor growth.
Designing bifunctional catalysts for the one-pot conversion of CO2 to sustainable marine transportation fuels
Authors: Walerowski Maciej G. , Potter Matthew E. , Burke Elizabeth S. , Kyrimis Stylianos , Armstrong Lindsay-Marie , Raja Robert
Published: April 2024

A highly selective bifunctional catalyst for the one-pot conversion of CO2 to DME using CuZnO nanoparticles located on SAPO-34 crystals.
Dual built-in spontaneous electric fields in an S-scheme heterojunction for enhanced photocatalytic H2O2 production
Authors: Huang Junxian , Shi Haiyang , Wang Xuefei , Wang Ping , Chen Feng , Yu Huogen
Published: April 2024

A facile photodeposition method was used to selectively modify Cu2O and MnOOH on BiVO4. The improved H2O2-production activity was mainly attributed to the dual built-in electric field in the BiVO4/Cu2O S-scheme heterojunction.
The role of oxygen vacancies and Zn in isobutene synthesis from ethanol employing Zn, Zr-based catalysts
Authors: Pinheiro Mariana G. S. , de Souza Eugenio F. , Chagas Luciano H. , Zonetti Priscila C. , Gonzalez Guilherme G. , Huaman Noemi R. C. , Alves Odivaldo C. , Rossi Liane M. , Borges Luiz E. P. , Appel Lucia G.
Published: April 2024

Synthesis of isobutene from ethanol employing Zn, Zr-based catalyst.
Repurposing quantum chemical descriptor datasets for on-the-fly generation of informative reaction representations: application to hydrogen atom transfer reactions
Authors: Alfonso-Ramos Javier E. , Neeser Rebecca M. , Stuyver Thijs
Published: April 2024

In this work, we explore how existing datasets of quantum chemical properties can be repurposed to build data-efficient downstream ML models, with a particular focus on predicting the activation energy of hydrogen atom transfer reactions.
Metal-ion-determined geometrical configurations of metallo-cages with different emission properties
Authors: Zhai Zirui , Bai Qixia , Guan Yu-Ming , Zhao He , Wu Tun , Pang Jingxian , Xu Haoxuan , Xie Ting-Zheng , Zhang Zhe , Wang Pingshan
Published: April 2024

The capsule-like tetrahedral metallo-cage Zn6L4 (Fe6L4) was constructed when using Zn (Fe) with strong coordination ability. In the case of Cd possessing weak coordination capability, Cd6L4 exhibits a completely different tetrahedral geometry.
Revisiting a (001)-oriented layered lead chloride templated by 1,2,4-triazolium: structural phase transitions, lattice dynamics and broadband photoluminescence
Authors: Mączka Mirosław , Sobczak Szymon , Ptak Maciej , Smółka Szymon , Fedoruk Katarzyna , Dybała Filip , Herman Artur P. , Paraguassu Waldeci , Zaręba Jan K. , Kudrawiec Robert , Sieradzki Adam , Katrusiak Andrzej
Published: April 2024

Layered 1,2,4-triazolium lead chloride undergoes three phase transitions. It also exhibits narrow and broad emissions, which exhibit different temperature dependence. We correlated this behaviour with the change of the octahedral distortion.
An effective descriptor for the screening of electrolyte additives toward the stabilization of Zn metal anodes
Authors: Hong Lin , Guan Jingzhuo , Tan Yiwei , Chen Yao , Liu Yu-Si , Huang Wei , Yu Chunyang , Zhou Yongfeng , Chen Jie-Sheng , Wang Kai-Xue
Published: April 2024

In this work, the authors proposed desolvation activation energy as a critical descriptor for the screening of electrolyte additives, establishing a correlation between polarization and desolvation activation energy.
Fluid-based triboelectric nanogenerators: unveiling the prolific landscape of renewable energy harvesting and beyond
Authors: Jiang Lihong , Liu Xinlin , Lv Junling , Li Gaojie , Yang Peiyuan , Ma Yumeng , Zou Haiyang , Wang Zhong Lin
Published: April 2024

Fluid-based triboelectric nanogenerators (F-TENGs) represent a cutting-edge technology that leverages fluids as a contact medium to harness renewable energy through contact electrification (CE) and electrostatic induction.
Co-exposure to tire wear particles and nickel inhibits mung bean yield by reducing nutrient uptake
Authors: Azeem Imran , Adeel Muhammad , Shakoor Noman , Zain Muhammad , Bibi Hamida , Azeem Kamran , Li Yuanbo , Nadeem Muhammad , Manan Umair , Zhang Peng , White Jason C. , Rui Yukui
Published: April 2024

Tire wear particles and nickel have detrimental effects on plant health by causing blockage and altering nutrient hemotasis, ultimately reducing plant yield.
Effect of the probiotic Weissella cibaria CMS1 on the immune response and the oral microbiome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel study
Authors: Park Min Ju , Park Soo-yeon , Kim Kyeong Jin , Oh Bumjo , Kim Ji Yeon
Published: April 2024

The oral cavity connects the external environment and the respiratory and digestive systems, and the oral microbial ecosystem is complex and plays a crucial role in overall health and immune defense against external threats.
Effectiveness of probiotic- and fish oil-loaded water-in-oil-in-water (W1/O/W2) emulsions at alleviating ulcerative colitis
Authors: Gu Qingzhuo , Jiang Zhaowei , Li Kun , Li Yueting , Yan Xiaojia , McClements David Julian , Ma Cuicui , Liu Fuguo
Published: April 2024

In treatment with W/O/W emulsions containing probiotics and fish oil, UC mice showed reduced inflammation, enhanced intestinal barrier, increased SCFA production, and balanced gut microbiota, alongside diminished anxiety-like behaviors.
Chiroptically active quantum nanonails
Authors: Purcell-Milton Finn , Kuznetsova Vera A. , Bai Xue , Coogan Áine , Martínez-Carmona Marina , Garcia Jorge A. , Bradley A. Louise , Gun’ko Yurii K.
Published: April 2024

This manuscript presents an interesting new CdSe/CdS dot in rod morphology, termed the ‘nanonail’, produced via a controlled seeded hot injection approach.
Insight into the nature of carbon–metal bonding for N-heterocyclic carbenes in gold/silver complexes and nanoparticles using DFT-correlated Raman spectroscopy: strong evidence for π-backbonding
Authors: Kuster Lucille , Bélanger-Bouliga Marilyne , Shaw Thomas E. , Jurca Titel , Nazemi Ali , Frenette Mathieu
Published: April 2024

N-Heterocyclic carbenes stabilize metallic complexes, nanoclusters, nanoparticles and surfaces. Using DFT-correlated Raman spectroscopy, the carbon–metal bond was directly observed and the contribution of π-backbonding was confirmed and quantified.
Oral exosome-like nanovesicles from Phellinus linteus suppress metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma by reactive oxygen species generation and microbiota rebalancing
Authors: Zu Menghang , Liu Ga , Chen Nanxi , Chen Li , Gao Qiang , Reis Rui L. , Kundu Subhas C. , Jin Meilan , Xiao Bo , Shi Xiaoxiao
Published: April 2024

An oral natural nanomedicine derived from Phellinus linteus was developed to achieve effective enrichment in liver cancer tissue and regulate intestinal microorganisms, resulting in the inhibition of liver tumor proliferation.
The smallest endohedral borafullerene: structural isomerization, electronic properties, aromaticity and reactivity of U@C27B
Authors: Li Xinde , Lou Lei , Jin Peng
Published: April 2024

U@C27B has three interconvertible isomers with the highest metal oxidation state and strong covalency, obeying the 32-electron principle and Hirsch's aromaticity rule.
Sustainable synthesis of long-acting local anesthetics ropivacaine and levobupivacaine under batch and continuous flow via asymmetric hydrogenation
Authors: Yang Zhi , Chen Hanlin , Wan Linxi , Feng Xinyi , Ma Lingshuang , Tang Pei , Chen Fen-Er
Published: April 2024

A sustainable synthesis method was developed for long-acting local anesthetics, ropivacaine and levobupivacaine, using both batch and continuous flow processes via asymmetric hydrogenation.
Iodine-catalyzed intermolecular 1,2-thio (seleno)amination of alkenes with 1,2,3-triazoles and disulfides (diselenides) in air
Authors: Ji Jian , Chen Xuwen , Hu Zongjing , Guan Cong , Liu Jinhua , Deng Yaqi , Liu Shunying
Published: April 2024

Iodine-catalyzed 1,2-thio (seleno)amination of alkenes via direct N- and C-centered radical cross-coupling was established to elicit highly regioselective β-triazolized thioalkyl compounds.
Nickel metallaphotoredox-catalyzed C–O bond activation/Csp2–Csp3 coupling enabled by phosphine
Authors: Fang Jiaxi , Jian Ziheng , Liu Huan , Wang Yuting , Yu Xianbo , Mou Zehuai , Wang Huifei
Published: April 2024

A novel and general nickel/photoredox dual catalysis platform for benzyl alcohol C–O bond activation/Csp2–Csp3 cross coupling of benzothiazolyl bromide and free alcohol, enabled by the catalytic generation of an alkyl radical, is reported.
A new plant-esterase inhibition based electrochemical sensor with signal amplification by MoS2@N-CDs for chlorpyrifos detection
Authors: Chen Jiayu , Ji Chun , Wang Xiao , Tian Yunxia , Tao Han
Published: April 2024

A new enzyme-inhibited electrochemical biosensor was developed for the low-cost and highly sensitive detection of CPF using MoS2@N-CDs as the electrocatalyst and KdBE as the biorecognition element of CPF.
Cyclodextrin-conjugated low-molecular-weight polyethyleneimine as a macromolecular contrast agent for tumor-targeted magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Liu Guangkuo , Li Xinxin , Liu Xiaojie , Lu Wangting , Xue Yanan , Liu Min
Published: April 2024

Cyclodextrin-conjugated low-molecular-weight polyethyleneimine for constructing tumor-targeted macromolecular MRI contrast agent.
Eco-friendly preparation and characterization of high-performance electrothermal graphene-AgNPs/lignocellulose composites
Authors: Liu Furong , Yu Cuiping , Guo Xinyi , Peng Hui , Qiu Shengqiang
Published: April 2024

A simple, easy-to-operate, and green route was developed to fabricate graphene-AgNPs/lignocellulose electrothermal film. Impressively, an outstanding steady-state temperature of 214 °C under 7 V was attained with 20 wt% graphene-AgNPs.
High-purity C3N quantum dots for enhancing fluorescence detection of metal ions
Authors: Yang Huan , Han Changdao , Jiang Jie , Li Pei , Chen Liang
Published: April 2024

High-purity C3N QDs of a sensitive fluorescent response to various metal ions were synthesized by optimized solvothermal treatment with a yield up to 33.1%.
Dual-core-component multiphasic bioceramic granules with selective-area porous structures facilitating bone tissue regeneration and repair
Authors: Cao Binji , Xie Lijun , Xu Yan , Shen Jian , Zhang Yan , Wang Yingjie , Weng Xisheng , Bao Zhaonan , Yang Xianyan , Gou Zhongru , Wang Cong
Published: April 2024

Ca-phosphate/-silicate ceramic granules have been widely studied because their abilities of biodegradable, bioactive ion release and material degradation; however, it is difficult to synergise time-dependent ion release and highly efficient osteogenesis in vivo.
Aminocyclopropenium as a novel hydrogen bonding organocatalyst for cycloaddition of carbon disulfide and epoxide to prepare cyclic dithiocarbonate
Authors: Du Xinru , Liu Ziqi , Li Zhenjiang , Yuan Xin , Li Chunyu , Zhang Min , Zhang Zhihao , Hu Xin , Guo Kai
Published: April 2024

The hybrid H-bond donor cyclopropenium was vital in activating the epoxide and stabilizing the anion intermediate.
Cancer cell membrane-coated nanoparticles: a promising anti-tumor bionic platform
Authors: Guo Qiuyan , Wang Shengmei , Xu Rubing , Tang Yingnan , Xia Xinhua
Published: April 2024

This review summarized the function of cancer cell membranes and comprehensively discussed the preparation of cancer cell membrane-coated nanoparticles (CCM-NPs) and their application in anti-tumor therapy. The graphical abstract figure was drawn by Figdraw (https://www.figdraw.com).