bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Citizen Journalism
Authors: Noor Rabia
Published: November 2016

Last decade has brought several advanced technologies for journalists. This in turn brought in a new era of revolutionary concepts of journalism. One among those concepts is citizen journalism. Citizen journalism is a concept in media that refers to journalistic activities of ordinary people. It means citizens themselves report the issues confronting them. Although the practice of citizen journalism existed even centuries before, it is the new media only that have accelerated its pace in contemporary times. The proposed chapter, ‘Citizen Journalism: News Gathering by Amateurs', presents a detailed description of various aspects of citizen journalism, including its concept, parameters, significance, limitations and types. It provides a detailed history and evolution of citizen journalism. It reveals that citizen journalism has a history older than professional journalism. The chapter also draws a comparison between citizen journalism and mainstream journalism. Moreover, it presents status of citizen journalism in India and Indian-administered Kashmir.
Social Media as Public Political Instrument
Authors: Maulana Ikbal
Published: November 2016

Due to its large number public cannot gather in one place and speak as a single voice, and consequently it cannot represent itself. However, public is always needed as political legitimation, therefore political forces compete to make their own definitions of public and use them as the basis of political claims. To make their definition of public close to the real people, democratic mechanisms have been developed. Once in a number of years, people elect candidates who will represent and govern them. But, most of the time they will be silent and ignored by the changing dynamics of politics. Conventional media does not help the public much to express its voice. Most often it becomes the tool of the elite for indoctrination or the mobilizing of bias. However, social media might empower people, because it allows them to voice their own concerns and to have conversation with each other. But, to have a real impact, the conversation must be directed to solve a real problem. Leadership is required to mobilize people's voice virtually and then turn it into a real political pressure.
A Gradual Political Change?
Authors: Yuan Yuan
Published: November 2016

In order to understand the contradiction of freedom versus control regarding the Internet use in an authoritarian rule, this study is designed to explore a gradual political effect by investigating the agenda setting effect of Internet activism on government political agenda in China from 1994 to 2011. In total, 145 Internet activism cases and 526 articles from official newspaper are collected for the analysis and discussion. The results suggest a bottom-up agenda setting effect from online activism on political agenda, and this agenda setting effect includes a potential transition from issue level to attribute level. This study also finds that the development of online activism itself obtained a stronger attention from official media, and the continuous growth of activism in forms and scopes generated constant pressure that finally gradually brought about the change of government behavior and strategy.
The Dutch Participation Society Needs Open Data, but What is Meant by Open?
Authors: During Roel , Pleijte Marcel , van Dam Rosalie I. , Salverda Irini E.
Published: November 2016

Open data and citizen-led initiatives can be both friends and foes. Where it is available and ‘open', official data not only encourages increased public participation but can also generate the production and scrutiny of new material, potentially of benefit to the original provider and others, official or otherwise. In this way, official open data can be seen to improve democracy or, more accurately, the so-called ‘participative democracy'. On the other hand, the public is not always eager to share their personal information in the most open ways. Private and sometimes sensitive information however is required to initiate projects of societal benefit in difficult times. Many citizens appear content to channel personal information exchange via social media instead of putting it on public web sites. The perceived benefits from sharing and complete openness do not outweigh any disadvantages or fear of regulation. This is caused by various sources of contingency, such as the different appeals on citizens, construed in discourses on the participation society and the representative democracy, calling for social openness in the first and privacy protection in the latter. Moreover, the discourse on open data is an economic argument fighting the rules of privacy instead of the promotion of open data as one of the prerequisites for social action. Civil servants acknowledge that access to open data via all sorts of apps could contribute to the mushrooming of public initiatives, but are reluctant to release person-related sensitive information. The authors will describe and discuss this dilemma in the context of some recent case studies from the Netherlands concerning governmental programmes on open data and citizens' initiatives, to highlight both the governance constraints and uncertainties as well as citizens' concerns on data access and data sharing. It will be shown that openness has a different meaning and understanding in the participation society and representative democracy: i.e. the tension surrounding the sharing of private social information versus transparency. Looking from both sides at openness reveals double contingency: understanding and intentions on this openness invokes mutual enforcing uncertainties. This double contingency hampers citizens' eagerness to participate. The paper will conclude with a practical recommendation for improving data governance.
Building a New State from Outrage
Authors: Perelló-Sobrepere Marc
Published: November 2016

Most of the social movements that we are used to hearing and reading about base their activities in the pursuit of social rights. A great majority of these movements have recently formed due to complex socioeconomic issues. Usually these movements lack a formal organization and hierarchy. Most often they gather through sit-ins and occupations. Sometimes, there are direct confrontations with police. Almost always the current government in office is the target of protest. The case of Catalonia challenges these presumed notions of contemporary activism. This chapter analyses the social participation of the Catalan pro-independence movement. Historical notes are provided which are necessary for understanding the Catalan context. Then a review is presented of the four most important demonstrations in the recent history of Catalonia (2010, 2012, 2013, and 2014), all of which were in favor of independence, and also the participatory processes derived from these events, the non-binding consultation from 2014.
Social Media, Political Mobilization, and Citizen Engagement
Authors: Yang Kenneth C. C. , Kang Yowei
Published: November 2016

On March 18, 2014, a group of student protestors raided and occupied the Legislative Yuan and later the Executive Yuan in Taiwan. The student-led movement lasted for about 3 weeks after Taiwan's President made significant concessions to change his non-transparent practices when signing the Cross-Strait Service Trade Agreement (CSSTA) with People's Republic of China. Mostly labelled as a movement of civil disobedience against government's dealings with China, the 318 Sunflower Student Movement is viewed as an important step toward the deepening of Taiwan's democratization process. Its repercussions were felt in Hong-Kong and Macao where similar civil disobedience movements had emerged. On the basis of the resource mobilization theory (RMT), the authors used a combination of case study and thematic analysis methods to examine the role of social media in political mobilization in Taiwan. This chapter identified two major recurrent themes as follows: challenging mainstream media and mobilizing multi-movement resources.
Measuring Enclosures and Efficacy in Online Feminism
Authors: Heisler Erin
Published: November 2016

This chapter examines Rewire, a website addressing reproductive health and justice. Leaning on Nielsen Norman Group's user-experience expertise, it analyzes the format of the website and conducts a close reading of its content. It further considers the organization's use of social media to engage activists. This is complicated by the work of Oser, Hooghe and Marien that illuminates how online mediums empower some individuals but simultaneously intensify the marginalization of those with limited internet access due to poverty, race, etc. The chapter's interdisciplinary approach is grounded in S. Federici's concept of enclosures, or the structural and ideological ways in which individuals are closed off from their Other to squelch group identities that would counter dominant ideologies. By highlighting the ways Rewire challenges and strengthens enclosures, this chapter proves the power of digital media while calling for improvements in how it is utilized to create social change.
Cloud- and Crowd-Networked Pedagogy
Authors: Limbu Marohang
Published: November 2016

Our knowledge is constantly shifting from analog literacies to digital literacies, industrial literacies to information societies, paper literacies to screen literacies, and mono-modal literacies to multimodal literacies for which digital technology and/or digital culture has become a dynamic and evolving force. Concerning the literacy shifts whether we realize or not, we are invariably encountering digital technologies and are explicitly and/or implicitly embracing such knowledge shift in almost all across the world without any exception. This knowledge shift demonstrates that digital literacy has become an inescapable component of our daily life in the context of the 21st century's digital world. In this chapter, I will discuss affordances of cloud/digital pedagogies such as what teaching, learning, and writing are in digital context, how digital, cloud, or crowd pedagogy currently became an inescapable element, and why instructors from any global communities (should) welcome this pedagogical shift in academic spaces. Additionally, this chapter stresses on how instructors can engage students in the cloud environment, how students can share a complex set of linguistic and cultural narratives, and how students can collaborate and cooperate to create their realities in the context of the 21st century's networked classrooms.
Cloud-Enabled Learning Environment
Authors: Edingo Dilli Bikram
Published: November 2016

The emergence of cloud computing has changed the ways of thinking, communicating, performing professions, and maintaining sociocultural and community relations. The capacious cloud storage and its amazingly growing facilities and capabilities in virtualizing human activities and the entire phenomenal entities and in synchronizing them with new digital cloud technologies such as laptops, tablets, smartphones or mobile phones, and personal computers (PCs) have not only increased human capabilities, but also added new creative dimensions to sociocultural, economic, political, epistemological, ontological, and educational fields. The ways of producing, sharing, and acquiring knowledge, teaching, and learning have been profoundly changed. So this chapter first defines what a cloud-enabled learning environment refers to and critically examines how cloud computing optimizes learning opportunities and transforms teaching and learning pedagogies. Then, it critically explores how cloud-enabled learning environments and cloud-based pedagogies can address the gaps in education caused by the digital divide, how cloud-assisted networks of local learning-hubs can contribute to the success of global literacy campaigns, and how cloud computing reaffirms the significance of distance learning or massive open online course (MOOC) and cloud-assisted practices of teaching self. The rapid shifts in pedagogical grounds from non-virtual paradigms into the virtual world or the cloud clearly indicate that in the future teaching and learning activities and pedagogies become more cloudocratic.
Teaching and Learning in the Cloud
Authors: August Anita
Published: November 2016

Knowledge is no longer produced exclusively in the traditional class-based learning environment. For twenty-first century learners, digitally networked classrooms are the new social spaces where innovative learning perspectives are cultivated. However, like traditional class-based learning environments, digitally networked classrooms need to be sensitive to the social forces of race, gender, and class that will inescapably invade digital cultures. Therefore, even in the cloud, this chapter argues, “difference” as a concept is always already embedded as a contributing feature under which knowledge is constructed and constructing. To this end, this chapter suggests that a consideration of “difference” and its signifying effect on cloud pedagogy is a useful lens to explore the phrase “anywhere anytime” to the term “anybody” in the digitally networked classroom. Finally, this chapter proposes that the model “anywhere, anytime, anybody” must become part of the basic structure of a democratic and collaborative knowledge building community to democratize teaching and learning in the cloud.
3Ds of Integrating Cloud Technologies into Classrooms
Authors: Gurung Binod
Published: November 2016

Cloud technologies offer many pedagogical possibilities for collaboration, ubiquitous learning, and documenting student engagement activities through learning analytics among others. However, effective integration of cloud technologies demands a complex set of teachers' theoretical and conceptual understandings and digital competencies. Furthermore, the teachers also need to re-examine their critical internal barriers such as the lack of digital self-efficacy. A closer look reveals that there is an undergirding notion – the teachers' digital identity – that enables them to develop their conceptual and practical digital competencies and self-efficacy. In this chapter, I critically explore and examine new pedagogical possibilities of integrating cloud technologies into classrooms within the triadic interplay of digital identity, competencies, and self-efficacy (3Ds).
Critical Cloud Pedagogies
Authors: Hennes Jack
Published: November 2016

Many students will soon enter high-tech workplace environments that utilize cloud technologies and systems, yet they must be critical of the technologies and infrastructures they use on the cloud. More approaches are needed, however, to facilitate learning environments where students both use cloud technologies and have opportunities to critically reflect on their rhetoricity. The author argues that new vocabularies are needed to describe the use of cloud technologies, especially those used in our pedagogical practices. Utilizing vocabularies and methods informed by actor network theory, instructors can easily identify and diagram the networks that students compose in pursuit of their learning goals. To demonstrate, the author offers network diagrams representing two different writing courses taught in the United States, in turn presenting how instructors can engage in similar diagramming practices and even use the “cloud” and “networks” as crucial points of inquiry for students.
Challenges in Using Cloud Technology for Promoting Learner Autonomy in a Spanish Language Course
Authors: Kannan Jaya , Munday Pilar
Published: November 2016

In a digitally networked classroom, the learner connects with peers, instructors, and open resources, be they human experts or online resources in non-linear combinations. As a result, the learner must navigate a complex web of associations and pathways. Thus the teacher practitioner who uses the networked medium as the platform for facilitating language learning has the challenge of developing methodologies, task-based activities, and a selection of tools to frame a learning ground that will provide maximum opportunity for the student to strengthen learning. This chapter will present a case study of a teacher practitioner's pedagogical design process in an online undergraduate course, “Advanced Grammar and Culture through Social Media.” The main focus of this case study is to identify key challenges for pedagogical design and offer the rhizomatic approach as a model to promote learner autonomy.
Stable-Matching-Based Energy-Efficient Context-Aware Resource Allocation for Ultra-Dense Small Cells
Authors: Zhou Zhenyu , Chang Zheng , Xu Chen , Ristaniemi Tapani
Published: November 2016

Implementing caching to ultra-densely deployed small cells provides a promising solution for satisfying the stringent quality of service (QoS) requirements of delay-sensitive applications with limited backhaul capacity. With the rapidly increasing energy consumption, in this chapter, the authors investigate the NP-hard energy-efficient context-aware resource allocation problem and formulate it as a one-to-one matching problem. The preference lists in the matching are modeled based on the optimum energy efficiency (EE) under specified matching, which can be obtained by using an iterative power allocation algorithm based on nonlinear fractional programming and Lagrange dual decomposition. Next, on account of the Gale-Shapley algorithm, an energy-efficient matching algorithm is proposed. Some properties of the proposed algorithm are discussed and analyzed in detail. Moreover, the authors extend the algorithm to the matching with indifferent and incomplete preference lists. Finally, the significant performance gain of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated through simulation results.
Challenges in Energy-Efficient Communications as Enablers for Green Solutions on the 5G Heterogeneous Networks
Authors: Uriarte-Ramírez Irma , Barboza-Tello Norma A. , Medina-Castro Paul
Published: November 2016

One of the most representative challenges of multi-tier heterogeneous network architectures is the interference management among different Radio Access Technologies. In this sense, in order to achieve the potential increase on network capacity forecasted for 5G, the issue of interference must be addressed. Intelligent energy management, as proposed in the growing area of Green Communications could serve as an appealing solution to the interference issue. However developing an optimal energy management plan requires the understanding of the characteristics of 5G cellular networks that could be exploited to improve energy and resources efficiency. In this work we present a study about challenges in energy-efficient communications and technologies as enablers for green solutions and how this challenges can be extended to meet those of the 5G heterogeneous networks, in order to identify possible solutions to address the energy efficiency and interference mitigation issues.
Game Theory for Co-Tiered Interference Mitigation in 5G Small-Cell Networks
Authors: Wu Ducheng , Wu Qihui , Xu Yuhua
Published: November 2016

Small-cell technologies are seen as one of the most promising solutions for the rapid growth of wireless data services and 5G requirements. However, because most SBSs are deployed with minimum intervention from the end users and the service providers, it is hard to mitigate co-tiered interference. It is significant to study the self-organized distributed co-tiered interference mitigation and resource allocation. Game theory is an effective distributed approach towards handling the distributed co-tiered interference mitigation problem without a central controller. This chapter is to address the application of game theory and distributed learning solutions for distributed co-tiered interference mitigation. Two potential game models for static and dynamic co-tiered interference mitigation are presented and discussed for small-cell networks with fixed loads and dynamic loads separately. In addition, two distributed learning algorithms are presented and results are discussed. Finally, some future research directions are given.
Don't Make Us Use the “Get Along Shirt”
Authors: Kenausis Veronica , Herman Debbie
Published: November 2016

A request for proposal (RFP) process is daunting and fraught with the potential for misunderstandings, disagreements, and the pursuit of individual agendas. An RFP process for a new, large, and loosely connected state consortium is all of that and more. This is the story of how the Connecticut State Colleges and Universities (CSCU) embarked upon the journey of contracting for a joint integrated library system and discovery layer. The authors describe in detail how the project began and how a successful conclusion was reached, while offering practical advice gleaned from these experiences for institutions and consortia who may be considering a similar project.
Moving from Local to Global via the Integrated Library System
Authors: Kohl Laura E. , Lombardi Patricia , Moroney Mary
Published: November 2016

In an era of budget constraints as well as next generation technologies - moving from a consortium based and administrated shared ILS (integrated library system) to one that can be managed in-house allows for substantial cost savings, team oriented opportunities for training and growth, and service improvements for library patrons. This chapter will provide background on one university library's decision to move from a local consortium based catalog with a shared and centrally administered back-end to a global catalog with the ability to personalize administration for a single library. Background on institutional culture, key stakeholders, benefits for library staff and end-user will be discussed.
Selection Process for Free Open Source Software
Authors: Schuster David William
Published: November 2016

This chapter will discuss concerns a library may consider in selecting Open Source software. The author will review all aspects of a needs assessment, along with considerations for the sustainability of an open source project. Discussions about technical abilities, identify options a library might consider, installation and usability issues, and getting involved with an open source community. There are ways a library can get involved with open source software and contribute to a community without providing programming. Going with open source can help save money, but also help the library decide the direction it wants to keep its community engaged.
Funding a Makerspace
Authors: Iglesias Edward
Published: November 2016

The current methods for procuring funding for makerspaces are varied and haphazard. This chapter discusses what those in the field are doing to get makerspaces funded and their plans for continued funding.
A Process-Oriented Warehouse Postponement Strategy for E-Commerce Order Fulfillment in Warehouses and Distribution Centers in Asia
Authors: Leung K. H. , Cheng Stephen W. Y. , Choy K. L. , Wong David W. C. , Lam H. Y. , Hui Yasmin Y. Y. , Tsang Y. P. , Tang Valerie
Published: November 2016

The retail and logistics industry has been revolutionized by the emerging trend of e- commerce business. End-consumers are able to purchase items from online shops from any corner of the world. However, logistics service providers (LSPs) have been facing fundamental challenges in complying with the ever increasing needs of providing proper supply chain solutions. In view of the increasing concern over the order fulfillment performance of LSPs, this article theoretically and practically extends the conventional supply chain postponement strategy into an order fulfillment strategy, namely Warehouse Postponement Strategy (WPS), which is a process-oriented tactic addressing logistics process postponement. A case example is provided to introduce an intelligent knowledge-based wave put-away decision support system (IKWPS), which practically realizes the concept of warehouse postponement strategy. With IKWPS and the embedded concept of WPS, logistics practitioners are enabled to gain the competitive advantage of “last-mile” delivery through enhancing end customer loyalty.
Analysing the Effect of Value in Online Communities on Satisfaction in Online Socialisation and Knowledge-Sharing Intentions of Eco-Tourist
Authors: Sarkar Sudipta Kiran , Au Norman , Law Rob
Published: November 2016

This study, which is based on social exchange theory (SET), focuses on the capacities of social media to provide such means by examining the effect of value in online communities (VOC) in social media platforms on satisfying ecotourists' online socialisation and knowledge sharing. Based on the data obtained from 543 ecotourists and analysed by structural equation modelling (SEM), the results of this study confirmed that VOC, which embeds the SET factors of cooperation, reputation, trust and altruism, significantly influenced ecotourists' satisfaction in socialisation and knowledge-sharing intentions through social media. Furthermore, VOC served as a higher-/second-order factor reflected by the indicators of cooperation, reputation, trust and altruism. Finally, ecotourists' satisfaction in socialisation exerted a significant mediating effect between VOC and knowledge sharing.
Business Excellence Strategies for SME Sustainability in India
Authors: Baporikar Neeta
Published: November 2016

Accepted worldwide Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are fueling the engine of economic growth apart from promoting equitable development. They provide large employment opportunities at comparatively lower capital cost apart from enabling industrialisation of backward areas, thereby, reducing regional imbalances, assuring more equitable distribution of national income and wealth. This is more so in the Asian economies and undoubtedly SME is an important contributor to Indian economy. However, globalisation is bringing new opportunities. To seize these opportunities, SMEs need to re look at their business and strategize for excellence. Hence, the core objective of this chapter is to explore whether adopting excellence models can help SMEs to attain sustainability. Through in depth literature review and grounded theory approach the focus is to discuss different business excellence theories and focus on the need to use business excellence strategies for their sustainability and continued success.
Design of Blended Mobile Learning in an Urban Environment
Authors: Wong Adam K. L. , Ng Artie
Published: November 2016

As mobile phones become more and more common, the term mobile learning has received a lot of attention in recent years. Although teachers at educational institutions and managers in companies are aware of this new learning mode, many are uncertain if such adoption of technology is suitable for them. They are also puzzled by the various forms of e-learning, including Learning Management System (LMS), Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC), Augmented Reality (AR) and Student Response Systems (SRS). This aim of this chapter is to provide educators and managers with an overview of the different forms of e-learning. It begins by reviewing LMS and MOOC, and then it focuses on SRS and AR. The following three types of SRSs are discussed – Clicker-based, Mobile phone-based and Game-based. Exemplars are described to show the benefits of mobile learning when it is properly designed and well-implemented by the educators in an urban environment. The chapter concludes by stating the implications of mobile learning technologies for working professionals.
The Diffusion of Voluntary ISO 26000 among SMEs
Authors: Wu Yen-Chun Jim , Yuan Chih-Hung
Published: November 2016

Businesses are under the increasing pressure to demonstrably engage in social responsibility (SR). Following the demand, the International Standard Organization developed ISO 26000 for SR. small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are dominant in contributing to GDP. The relationship between SMEs and SR is still elusive. The purpose of this paper will be aimed at how SMEs will adopt ISO 26000 under what circumstances. We determine a set of hypotheses about diffusion of ISO 26000 and examine it empirically. We provide a better understanding of the cognition-behavior gap while “doing good”. SMEs think that SR was Philanthropic responsibility, but strive for their subsistence as their top priority of strategy decisions. However, the impact of multinomial company and government are not decisive. Finally, SMEs take SR practices into consideration when evaluating stakeholder, they are more likely to adopt ISO 26000. Thus, SMEs must feed themselves with their own words and grow.
The Impact of Outsourcing on Performance and Competitive Priorities among Malaysian SMEs
Authors: Halim Hasliza Abdul , Ahmad Noor Hazlina , Ramayah T.
Published: November 2016

The objective of this research is to examine the influence of outsourcing on financial performance and competitive priories of Malaysian SMEs. A data sample of 100 SMEs was analyzed to examine these relationships. The analysis was conducted via Partial Least Squares. Based on the findings, while outsourcing has significant influence of SMEs financial performance in Malaysian context, outsourcing activities do not have an impact on competitive priorities. Outsourcing approach emphasizing on the establishment of core competitive advantage, allows Malaysian SMEs to get the numerous benefits such as overall sales growth, market share, net profit, return on investment, and financial liquidity.
Harmonization of Depreciation Policy
Authors: Rifat Afrin
Published: November 2016

The objective of this study is to examine the depreciation methods adopted by different companies listed in Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE). Besides, the study also attempted to check the consistency in depreciation policy application and harmonization with authoritative accounting practices in the context of Bangladesh. A random sample of 120 companies across different sectors was examined to determine the depreciation method currently practiced in the country. This study revealed that declining balance of depreciation is the most commonly practiced method in most of the sample companies. Nonetheless, straight line depreciation method follows close behind. Moreover, it has been observed that only a few companies adopt both methods in the calculation of depreciation. Additionally the results also indicated a certain level of disharmony among companies within the same industry. Furthermore, it has also been observed from the research that the companies are very consistent regarding their practice of depreciation method.
A Simple Solution to Prevent Parameter Tampering in Web Applications
Authors: Menemencioğlu Oğuzhan , Orak İlhami Muharrem
Published: November 2016

Business over the internet such as banking and several online services are growing rapidly. Similarly, social media web portals are also getting more and more involved in our daily life. Since these applications are popular and consist of personal and valuable data, they attract malicious attacks to their vulnerable points. The weakness can also be faced in all businesses and institutions that do not care the necessary security steps. The web parameter tampering is one of the major attacks which is based on the modification of parameters. In order to prevent the parameter tampering, a novel and simple mechanism is implemented by verifying the validity. The mechanism is based on a deterministic finite state machine. Beside this static method, the system also has run time validation which leads for the usage of hybrid analysis approach. As an evaluation, performance assessment of the algorithm is done for real time attacks targeting a web site.
Methods and Tools of Big Data Analysis for Terroristic Behavior Study and Threat Identification
Authors: Kostyuchenko Yuriy V. , Yuschenko Maxim
Published: November 2016

Paper aimed to consider of approaches to big data (social network content) utilization for understanding of social behavior in the conflict zones, and analysis of dynamics of illegal armed groups. Analysis directed to identify of underage militants. The probabilistic and stochastic methods of analysis and classification of number, composition and dynamics of illegal armed groups in active conflict areas are proposed. Data of armed conflict – antiterrorist operation in Donbas (Eastern Ukraine in the period 2014-2015) is used for analysis. The numerical distribution of age, gender composition, origin, social status and nationality of child militants among illegal armed groups has been calculated. Conclusions on the applicability of described method in criminological practice, as well as about the possibilities of interpretation of obtaining results in the context of study of terrorism are proposed.
English Speaking Countries and the Culture of Fear
Authors: Korstanje Maximiliano Emanuel
Published: November 2016

The direct intervention or full-scare led wars are ideologically legitimized by the needs of bringing the ideals of American democracy, liberty, freedom and mobility. However, at the bottom, this globalized culture of fear hidden dark interests associated to exploitation. Paradoxically, these types of interventions suggest that terrorism needs the use of force, but in so doing, impotence and deprivation surface. Undoubtedly, Anglo and Latin worlds have created, according to their cultural matrices, diverse tactics to adapt to environment, as the form of understanding the future. While Anglo-countries developed a fascinating attraction to risk and future, the sense of predestination alludes to what today has not occurred yet. Technology only helps to mitigate the temporal effects of uncertainty triggered by the orientation to future.
OSNs as Cyberterrorist Weapons against the General Public
Authors: Ayres Nicholas , Maglaras Leandros , Janicke Helge
Published: November 2016

Conventional terrorism has been around for hundreds of years and even though its tactics and the weapons of choice have evolved over time as well as the use and deployment of weapons may have changed the root definition of terrorism has remained relatively untouched. With the advent of mass computing, cybercrime has increased year on year. This chapter will look at three differing viewpoints of cyberterrorism and its ultimate effects on society. Many industry and academic experts warn that it is only a matter of time before conventional terrorist acts will migrate to the digital arena in the form of cyberterrorism. Current literature suggests that a countries critical national infrastructure will be the main focus of attack for the cyberterrorist but this chapter will address another possible target for the cyberterrorist using a different type of cyber weapon: a mimetic virus. This chapter also looks at how a mimetic virus could use social media to spread throughout the target audience using what is known as Internet memes.
Twitter Use in Student Protests
Authors: Ramluckan Trishana , Ally Sayed Enayat Sayed , van Niekerk Brett
Published: November 2016

In October 2015 a series of protests at South African universities against proposed fee increases escalated into a nation-wide protest with marches globally in support. Twitter proved to be a major communication and information sharing tool during these protests. The protests provided a platform to investigate the use of social media during a political crisis in South Africa. The chapter analyses the role and use of Twitter in the student protests and discusses this phenomenon from a crisis, advocacy and social information warfare perspective.
Providing Collaborative Education with an International Dimension
Authors: Comiskey David , McKane Mark , Eadie Robert , Goldberg David Eric
Published: November 2016

The BIM process, encompassing the use of Common Data Environments (CDEs), collaborative working and the sharing of approved, up-to-the-minute information, has revolutionized the construction industry. However, this method of delivery is something which is alien to many needing a paradigm shift in communication methods (Homayouni et al, 2010), as most are more familiar with traditional approaches such as email communication and sharing communication and sharing 'marked up' hard copies of drawings. In the technology driven world in which we live, it is important that those entering the industry from this point forward have an appreciation of this way of working. Therefore, this paper will provide an overview of a collaborative project which has been undertaken at Ulster University to help undergraduate students become familiar with this new way of working and communicating. The paper will outline how the students worked in multidisciplinary teams on a hypothetical building project, before collaborating asynchronously with students from Pennsylvania State University.
Collaborative & Multidiscipline Working - From Theory to Practice in 48 Hours
Authors: Comiskey David , McKane Mark , O'Shea Eóin , Hughes John , McNiff Sean , Eadie Robert
Published: November 2016

Latest statistics would indicate that the policy related to Building Information Modelling (BIM) implementation is working, with awareness and usage figures for both the UK and Ireland going over the 50% mark for the first time. However, whilst these results are positive, there is a realisation that there is still a distance to travel before BIM use could be considered comprehensive. This would suggest that there is still a need for a greater number of case studies to promote collaborative working practices, the BIM process and the benefits and challenges associated with its use. This paper intends to assist in this regard by documenting the outcomes from a 48-hour BIM competition in which the authors participated. Although the project was hypothetical, it allowed for collaborative working via a cloud based platform, simulating real world practice and many of the working methods required to deliver BIM Level 2. The paper will focus on providing critical analysis of the challenges faced and the lessons to be learnt from the implementation of BIM processes on this project.
Energy Based Web Page Ranking
Authors: Guha Sutirtha Kumar , Kundu Anirban , Duttagupta Rana
Published: November 2016

In this paper, the authors are going to establish a relationship between Web page ranking and Web page energy consumption. It is considered in this research work that Web page ranking depends on the information stored in that Web page. It is also presumed that energy consumption in a Web page is related with the stored information. Hence, Web page ranking is closely related with the stored information in the Web page. Connection between Web page ranking and energy consumption is constructed within this paper introducing two theorems based on the Web activities. Web page Energy is directly proportional to the Information Storage within the Web page. Ranking of a Web page for a given period of time is directly proportional to the Information Storage within the Web page.
Introducing Link Based Weightage for Web Page Ranking
Authors: Guha Sutirtha Kumar , Kundu Anirban , Duttagupta Rana
Published: November 2016

In this paper the authors are going to propose a new rank measurement technique by introducing weightage factor based on number of Web links available on a particular Web page. Available Web links are considered as an important importance indicator. Distinct weightage factor is assigned to the Web pages as these are calculated based on the Web links. Different Web pages are evaluated more accurately due to the independent and uniqueness of weightage factor. Better Web page ranking is achieved as it depends on specific weightage factor. Impact of unwanted intruder is minimized by the introduction of this weightage factor.
The Design and Implementation of the University Alumni Management System
Authors: Yuan Chong , Zhao Xi , Liu Ye
Published: November 2016

This is an era in which information technology is highly advanced and contact information of one's classmates from all over the world is always changing with living areas changed. This will inevitably make one lose touch with their classmates and alma mater. Based on this situation, a platform to strengthen one's connection with the college is urgently need. Therefore, alumni management system comes into being. This system is based on ASP.NET technology and the B/S model, using Visual Studio 2010 and SQL Server 2008 as development tools. The system consists of foreground system and background system, the main function modules of the foreground system including user registration, login, message board, news and other modules; the background system mainly includes add users, delete users, modify information of users, add news, delete news, add messages and others. One can facilitate the management of alumni and promote feelings for alumni with this system. It's a platform for alumni to communicate with each other which beyond the restriction of time and space.
Market Testing Procedures for B2C and B2B in Perspective of Radical Innovation
Authors: Iqbal Mehree
Published: November 2016

The new market testing procedure has been divided into two types- one type focuses on the general consumers (B2C) and the other on the expert consumers (B2B) who have established strong relationship with the new radically innovated products. This feature will add value to the business to segment their market testing procedures on the basis of targeted consumers. Along with strong literature based on Open Innovation, Lead User method and Delphi Technique; three major case studies have been used to develop the dynamic and flexible market testing procedures. The new procedure sheds light on the complexity of understanding consumer needs and technological innovation. The businesses can use this procedure to effectively generate useful feedback before commercializing their radically innovated products from their target customers. The developed procedures will provide authentic and reliable data for further development of the businesses product or services.
Review of CBIR Related with Low Level and High Level Features
Authors: Kodi Tamil , Kumari G. Rosline Nesa , Perumal S. Maruthu
Published: November 2016

The method of retrieving pictures from the massive image info is termed as content based mostly image retrieval (CBIR). CBIR is that the standard analysis space of interest. CBIR paves the approach of user interaction with giant info by satisfying their queries within the sort of pictures. This paper discusses the recital of a CBIR system that is in and of itself repressed by the options adopted to symbolize the pictures within the record and conjointly study the approaches of a spread of ways that deals with the extraction of options supported low and high level options of images with the query image provided. The most contribution of this work could be a comprehensive comparison between the low level and high level feature approaches to CBIR.To retrieve the pictures in a good manner this paper provides associate platform for victimization the ways which can able to specialize in each low level and high level options and created clarification regarding high level options will retrieve images a lot of relevant to the query image provided.
Corporate Social Responsibility Practices in Multinationals and Large Enterprises in Pakistan
Authors: Memon Zahid Ali , Dars Javaid Ali , Mangrio Wahid Bux , Bhutto Arabella , Robson Mark Gregory
Published: November 2016

This article presents the investigation of how far multinationals and other large state-owned companies in Pakistan practice corporate social responsibility. The authors compared the corporate social responsibility initiatives of the companies with the10 principles of the United Nations Global Compact (UNGC) to look at the corporate social responsibility aspects covered and to find what elements are yet to be complied with. The content analysis of these companies' official Websites was carried out to explore the issue under investigation. The sample included40 companies that received second CSR Business Excellence Awards in 2014 to see if individual companies' CSR policies and practices were globally driven and to assess the level of commitment with UNGC principles
Advanced Issues of Internationalization, International Entrepreneurship, and Entrepreneurial Marketing in SMEs
Authors: Kasemsap Kijpokin
Published: November 2016

The purpose of this article is to summarize the insights from the literature review focusing on the advanced issues of internationalization, international entrepreneurship, and entrepreneurial marketing in SMEs. SMEs with a higher degree of internationalization, international entrepreneurship, and entrepreneurial marketing are able to innovate more, as well as protect and exploit better those innovations. Without appropriate capabilities and knowledge, international expansion of SMEs may not lead to the improved performance. Thus, an important role of SME managers is to establish their capabilities that are useful for the execution of internationalization, international entrepreneurship, and entrepreneurial marketing in global business. Extending collaboration to the international arena through internationalization, international entrepreneurship, and entrepreneurial marketing can strengthen the opportunities for SMEs.
Knowledge Management for Excellence in Indian Public Sector
Authors: Baporikar Neeta
Published: November 2016

Organizations can build a new kind of relationship with citizens, putting skills and resources directly at their disposal and enabling them to play a much greater role in public policy. They can also harness the “power of us” and pull people together to create public value in new ways if the knowledge is put to use in an effective manner (Baporikar, 2004). Knowledge creation, generation, and application are a continuous process. Although Knowledge Management (KM) has gained global attention, its adoption in public sector is still embryonic. Hence, it is vital for organizations to comprehend KM; so that KM strategy and organizational strategy can be well aligned. This is all the more important for public sector because the impact is not only high but directly affecting the common man. Based on in depth literature review and content analysis of secondary data this paper aims to develop comprehensive understanding of KM application in public sector. It also provides cases of Indian public sector organizations that by adoption of KM have excelled.
New CICT Framework for Deep Learning and Deep Thinking Application
Authors: Fiorini Rodolfo A.
Published: November 2016

To achieve reliable system intelligence outstanding results, current computational system modeling and simulation community has to face and to solve two orders of modeling limitations at least. As a solution, the author proposes an exponential, pre-spatial arithmetic scheme (“all-powerful scheme”) by computational information conservation theory (CICT) to overcome the Information Double-Bind (IDB) problem and to thrive on both deterministic noise (DN) and random noise (RN) to develop powerful cognitive computational framework for deep learning, towards deep thinking applications. In a previous paper the author showed and discussed how this new CICT framework can help us to develop even competitive advanced quantum cognitive computational systems. An operative example is presented. This paper is a relevant contribution towards an effective and convenient “Science 2.0” universal computational framework to develop deeper learning and deep thinking system and application at your fingertips and beyond.