bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE IMPACT OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERDISCIPLINARY CONNECTIONS ON THE QUALITY OF TRAINING OF TEACHERS OF VOCATIONAL TRAINING
Authors: Tytova Nataliya
Published: March 2019

From 2012 to the present, active work is being carried out to introduce educational activities in the sphere of higher professional education at the Faculty of Engineering Education of the National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. During 6 years for the educational degree "Bachelor" in the field of knowledge 01 Education / Pedagogy specialty 015 "Vocational Education" 9 specializations were opened, namely: the food technology, the technology of light industry products, the design, the wood processing, the hospitality training, the computer technologies, the economics, the document management, the labor protection. The specialty 015 "Vocational education (in specialties)" is binary (double). The qualification "3340 Teacher of vocational training", which is conditioned by the successful psychological and pedagogical preparation of students, is common for all specializations. The importance of interdisciplinary links in the training of vocational education teachers is extremely important. Because, their successful implementation allows us to comprehend in the future polydisciplinarity and transdisciplinarity, as a strategies for the long and productive development of scientific knowledge.
NORMATIVE-LEGAL REGULATION OF THE ACTIVITIES OF HIGH-SPIRITUAL EDUCATION IN UKRAINE'S NEW EDUCATIONAL LEGISLATION
Authors: Khromets Vitaliy
Published: March 2019

The presentation of the main material is divided into two parts: the preconditions for the formation of the normative and legal framework for the activities of institutions of higher spiritual education and the proposals for improving the regulatory framework in the regulation of the activities of these institutions.
CONTENT OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE PRESCHOOL TEACHERS FOR THE TEACHING OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE OF PRESCOOL CHILDREN
Authors: Zhukova Galіna
Published: March 2019

Teaching preschool children in English is a potential development of a creative, competitive, highly moral personality. The task of the preschool teachers is helping the child understand their internal value orientations. The content of the training of the teacher of English for children of preschool age is the system of knowledge, ability and skills necessary for carrying out professional activities. The sources of the contents of teacher training should be pedagogical theory, normative documents on education, theory and practice, didactic patterns and methods of teaching preschoolers of English. For the development of preschoolers of the educational course of the English language the game, communicative, cognitive-research, artistic, labor and physical activity is organized.
SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT:APPOINTMENT OF THE EDUCATION MANAGER (CHANGES IN THE LEGISLATION OF UKRAINE)
Authors: Parfоnova Olena
Published: March 2019

The head of the educational institution, in particular the school, is the education manager, who is guided by numerous regulations in his day-to-day activities. However, changes in legislation, transitional provisions of the Law of Ukraine "On Education", almost weekly clarifications of the profile ministry, public activity actually removed from the comfort zone of modern school leaders. On the one hand, heads of educational institutions are forced to constantly monitor legislative changes, on the other hand - to work and act in a bureaucratic process of governance.
Estrategia metodológica para mejorar el aprendizaje de las cónicas basado en problemas por niveles
Authors: Camatón Arizabal Segundo , Prieto López Yeimer , Llaguno Ignacio
Published: March 2019

En este artículo se mostraron las causas en el orden pedagógico que corroboran la urgencia de cambios metodológicos profundos que propendan a crear ambientes de aprendizaje más coherentes con las características que propone el modelo pedagógico en Ecuador. De ahí, que el objetivo fundamental fue presentar una propuesta de solución que resultó un modelo basado en la creación de una problemática, real o pedagogizada a la realidad, que es el puente principal para el desarrollo de los aprendizajes. La secuencia se complementó con cinco etapas estructuradas progresivamente, en las que se establecieron niveles de desarrollo acordes a la evaluación de saberes. Se emplearon diferentes métodos del nivel teórico como: histórico-lógico, inducción-deducción, análisis y síntesis, sistematización teórica, teoría de los sistemas y del nivel empírico: observación científica, entrevistas, encuestas y el criterio de expertos para validar la propuesta de la investigación científica. Se obtuvo como resultado un incremento en la preparación de los docentes.
A propósito de los desafíos docentes en el tratamiento del currículum universitario en la Postmodernidad
Authors: Salas Arévalo Rubí Alexandra , Salas Arévalo Sonia , Salas Arévalo Silvia
Published: March 2019

Desde todos los tiempos, la educación, ha sido motivo de interés social, entre políticas, enfoques y cambios constantes, ha permanecido con sus dos figuras estelares: docentes y estudiantes, siendo el blanco de la mirada de la sociedad como juez y parte de la misma. El presente estudio se generó con la finalidad de repensar en el currículo universitario, revisar la ruta de los aprendizajes y los territorios que faltan por recorrer, como primer desafío del docente universitario. Abordar el tema se alejó de realizar una crítica innecesaria e injusta a la instrucción universitaria que ha aceptado desafíos y los ha superado, la idea, más bien, hubo de enfocarse en el sector, que a la luz de la postmodernidad, ha tomado una posición carente de conciencia frente al conocimiento y al contrato que tiene con la sociedad. Aunque la responsabilidad de los resultados se ha depositado por tradición al docente, el análisis ha dejado abierta la reflexión para estudiantes y maestros direccionando un alcance más generoso y real. Un estudio basado en observaciones, sondeo, testimonios y revisión bibliográfica tomando como referencia Universidades de Guayaquil, Ambato, Babahoyo y Loja, permitió detectar una muestra de la necesidad inminente de refrescar la conducción del currículo en el aula universitaria, desde el rol del docente, quién mejor para potenciar aprendizajes significativos, con resultados de desempeños auténticos en un clima de sana convivencia y unión en la diversidad.
Mediación en el COIP y la aplicación del principio de oportunidad y mínima intervención.
Authors: Alarcón Delgado Verónica Alexandra
Published: March 2019

La mediación penal es un mecanismo alternativo, en la cual las partes mediante tercero neutral trata de permitir el intercambio de opiniones entre víctima y la persona procesada para que a través del dialogo le pongan fin al conflicto logrando el restablecimiento de las relaciones entre las partes y fundamentalmente resarciendo el daño causado. Se plantea que la mediación en los principios de oportunidad y mínima intervención en la ley penal aplican en conductas que no constituyen grave afectación al interés público, por lo que se propone es la incorporación de disposiciones en el Código Orgánico Integral Penal tendientes a que sean justamente los partícipes de un proceso penal, a través de este mecanismo logren el establecimiento de la cultura de paz.

Además que se pretende demostrar con las reformas introducidas en la legislación penal ecuatoriana, la aplicación de los principios de oportunidad y mínima intervención en los delitos que son susceptibles de mediación penal, ya que por su insignificante valor económico, o por su escasa o ninguna afectación a bienes jurídicos penales, resultan gastos innecesarios para la administración de justicia.

Una forma de llevarse a cabo esta nueva filosofía de Justicia en nuestro país es a través la Mediación, y en general se puede decir que es un procedimiento en el cual, las partes, ayudadas por un tercero (mediador) que no tiene facultades de decisión, intentan resolver un conflicto, por ello es necesario que se incorpore en el COIP este procedimiento que permitirá darle mayor aplicabilidad a los principios de oportunidad y mínima intervención.

El trabajo a desarrollarse en esta investigación es eminentemente jurídico y la metodología utilizada es la documental a través de textos legales en vista de que se utilizan como fuentes las normas, doctrina y principios jurídicos.
Derecho y Gestión Cultural: epistemes y prácticas contemporáneas en el Ecuador (proyecto de investigación)
Authors: Pérez Peña Oscar Alberto
Published: March 2019

El presente trabajo abordó los referentes teóricos del proyecto de investigación “Derecho y Gestión Cultural: epistemes y prácticas contemporáneas en el Ecuador”, a desarrollar en la provincia de Pichincha. Describió la proyección de una investigación a realizarse en la sede la Facultad de Jurisprudencia de la Universidad Internacional del Ecuador. Esta, tiene como objetivos, elaborar propuestas teórico, metodológicas y prácticas para el perfeccionamiento de la doctrina jurídica y la legislación cultural nacional, así como para el desarrollo socioproductivo de los procesos culturales en Ecuador. La metodología descrita en el artículo, y que se empleará, tiene en cuenta, desde el enfoque de la transdisciplinariedad y los métodos lógicos, elementos históricos-sociológicos, culturales y jurídicos, lo que representará la combinación de métodos de las ciencias sociales en general y de las ciencias jurídicas. Como proyecto en ciernes, sus resultados principales han estado en la revisión bibliográfica y sistematización de la temática estudiada, construcción epistemológica de definiciones como las que se brindan en el artículo, en particular: la definición de la dimensión jurídica de la cultura. Concluimos que, dada su necesidad, la investigación aportará a la dimensión jurídica de los procesos culturales en Ecuador y sus formas de desarrollarla.
Patrones de distribución espacial del fitoplancton en tres lagunas de la Amazonia ecuatoriana
Authors: Brichetto Llerena Gianina Andrea , Terneus Jácome Esteban
Published: March 2019

Este estudio estimó los patrones de distribución espacial de la comunidad fitoplanctónica en tres lagunas amazónicas (Laguna Grande, Mateococha y Canangüeno) dentro de la Reserva de Producción de Fauna Cuyabeno (RPFC), en función de la dinámica térmica y variación del oxígeno en dos ciclos hidrológicos estacionales, aguas altas (AA) y aguas bajas (AB). Se seleccionaron tres puntos de muestreo en cada laguna (entrada, medio y salida). Se recolectaron 54 muestras de fitoplancton con una botella Van Dorn a distintas profundidades y los resultados se los confrontó con parámetros de físico-química de agua. Para determinar la relación de la biota con los factores abióticos se aplicó un análisis de Correspondencias Canónicas (CCA). Los resultados de la dinámica térmica muestran patrones definidos de estratificación térmica en aguas bajas, mientras que, en aguas altas, no se determinó estratificación térmica. En cuanto a los grupos representativos de fitoplancton se identificaron 80 géneros de algas, de los cuales Spondylosium sp., Navicula sp. y Melosira sp. dominaron en AA, mientras que Chroococcus sp. y Peridinium sp. dominaron en AB. En definitiva, la dinámica ecológica de las tres lagunas es homogénea durante AB mientras que en AA presentan un incremento en su biota, a consecuencia de las intensas variaciones en sus patrones abióticos.
El bien común y el buen vivir frente a la globalización económica
Authors: Tacuri Peña Lorena del  Cisne , Jaramillo Luzuriaga Silvia Alexandra , Vivanco Ochoa Johanna Vanessa
Published: March 2019

El Art. 83 de la Constitución de la República establece como un deber de los ecuatorianos promover  el “bien común” y el “buen vivir”.  El bien común nos conduce a la reflexión metafísica del conocimiento filosófico; en tanto que el buen vivir, a la puesta en práctica de una tesis política, económica, cultural y social  de los saberes del intelecto humano. Desde esta perspectiva nos preguntamos? Cuál  es la influencia de la globalización económica en el ámbito del “bien común “ y “buen vivir”?.

 

Se parte del criterio que el “bien común” es lo genérico y el “buen vivir” es lo específico. Se deduce que el “bien común” tiene como propósito el “buen vivir”,  y a la inversa, se induce que el “buen vivir” tiene como objetivo “el bien común”. Ambas categorías jurídicas representan la búsqueda del bienestar material y espiritual  del ser social. El “bien común” es el fin del Estado; y que el trayecto del “buen vivir es la aplicación del régimen jurídico del buen vivir establecido en el Art. 341 y 342 de la Constitución de la República  y que el camino pedregoso para llegar a ello es la aplicación de la justicia, la igualdad, la libertad, la equidad y solidaridad  humana.

 

Del análisis realizado se parte de la concepción de que  actual proceso de globalización económica se encuentran implicados la mayor parte de los países del mundo, hecho que no se producía a principios del siglo XX, cuya construcción de los mercados globales corresponde a los intereses de las empresas multinacionales que han minado la soberanía de los países subdesarrollados en cuanto a decisiones económicas, políticas y sociales; en la que podemos afirmar que se ha configurado una economía mundial cualitativamente distinta de la que existía hace unas décadas; que ha  modificado una cultura propia de cada región; ha  desplazado la mano de obra y la transparencia de conocimientos tecnológicos a través de las fronteras internacionales y sus efectos culturales, políticos y medioambientales; y se ha impuesto el sistema neoliberal, el capital y la tecnología en detrimento  de la mayoría de la población nacional y mundial.
Impacto de los programas educativos en la resocialización del privado de libertad
Authors: Conopoima Yeriny del Carmen
Published: March 2019

El presente artículo pretendió abordar un tema de gran interés y preocupación para todas las sociedades del mundo, como lo es el regreso a la sociedad de quien ha cumplido una sentencia penal y como realizar esa inserción de manera armónica, para evitar su reincidencia criminal; ante ello surge como elemento de importancia, la educación dentro de los recintos carcelarios, como medio para prepararlos para su resocialización. Esto se desprende del hecho que la educación además de constituirse en derecho humano fundamental, es esencial para fomentar en el individuo sin importar su condición, su desarrollo moral, intelectual y espiritual; desplegando en la persona elementos básicos para la convivencia armónica, el respeto, la tolerancia, pero sobre todo al convertirlo en pieza fundamental en el desarrollo de la sociedad a la cual pertenece. Lo que indica que la educación es un derecho de todos y por lo tanto, es imperativa su garantía y desarrollo en los centros penitenciarios.
Liderazgo en las empresas y su importancia
Authors: Jaramillo  Luzuriaga Silvia Alexandra
Published: March 2019

RESUMEN

El presente artículo trata sobre el liderazgo en las empresas y su importancia en la contribución del sector empresarial a su desarrollo organizacional, puesto que un líder es aquel capaz de lograr un trabajo en equipo y lograr los objetivos de una manera adecuada y constructiva, es de vital importancia que un líder sepa dirigir y orientar ya que de este depende mucho el éxito de cualquier empresa.

Del liderazgo se ha hablado mucho, debido a su importancia en las empresas, siempre ha sido debatido entre grandes negocios, sin embargo, no importando si el líder en la empresa nace o se hace, es indudable que gente líder es valorada en su empresa por ser impulsor y generador de valor agregado en ella.

En la actualidad, las empresas demandan liderazgo, es decir un líder que guíe y que logre la participación de todo el personal, que el grupo se sienta apreciado en sus conocimientos y se sientan tomados en cuenta. El líder, debe ser amigo, consejero y buen guía de sus subordinados.

Para las empresas, el liderazgo es fundamental para su supervivencia, puede que las mismas tengan buenas metas, buenos propósitos, pero si no tiene la conducción de un buen líder, esto de nada sirve. Algunos especialistas ven al liderazgo como una actividad amplia y visionaria que trata de discernir la competencia y valores característicos de una empresa.

Por ello que el liderazgo, dentro de cualquier empresa, es de suma importancia, si no hay un buen líder, o un buen liderazgo, las metas del equipo pueden no cumplirse.

Palabras claves: Liderazgo, líder, empresas, sector empresarial, propósitos, metas.
DEGENERATE MATRICES METHODS BY SPLINES FOR BOUNDARY VALUES PROBLEMS OF ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Authors: Belovs M. , Cirulis T.
Published: March 2019

A method for numerical solving of boundary values problems of ordinary differential equations based on the use of splines and differentiation matrices with nodes as zeroes of classical orthogonal polynomials is considered. Possibilities of the method are shown by means of different examples. The method essentially uses the results obtained by Degenerate Matrices methods and it is applied for solving initial values problems of ordinary differential equations.

Darbe nagrinejamas paprastuju lygčiu su kraštinemis salygomis skaitinis sprendimo metodas. Šio metodo pagrinda sudaro nereguliariuju matricu bei splainu konstravimas klasikiniu ortogonaliuju polinomu pavidalu. Nagrinejamo straipsnyje metodo taikymo galimybes parodytos ivairiais pavyzdžiais.
TEMPLATE REALIZATION OF GENERALIZED BRANCH AND BOUND ALGORITHM
Authors: Baravykaite M. , Čiegis R. , Žilinskas J.
Published: March 2019

In this work we consider a template for implementation of parallel branch and bound algorithms. The main aim of this package to ease implementation of covering and combinatorial optimization methods for global optimization. Standard parts of global optimization algorithms are implemented in the package and only method specific rules should be implemented by the user. The parallelization part of the tool is described in details. Results of computational experiments are presented and discussed.

Straipsnyje pristatyta apibendrinto šaku ir režiu algoritmo šablono realizacija. Irankis skirtas palengvinti nuosekliuju ir lygiagrečiuju optimizacijos uždaviniu programu kūrima. Nuo uždavinio nepriklausančios algoritmo dalys yra idiegtos šablone ir vartotojui reikia sukurti tik nuo uždavinio priklausančiu daliu realizacija. Šablone idiegti keli lygiagretieji algoritmai, paremti tyrimo srities padalinimu tarp procesoriu. Pateikiami skaičiavimo eksperimentu rezultatai.
THE TAYLOR SERIES EXPANSION COEFFICIENTS FOR SOLUTIONS OF THE EMDEN‐FOWLER TYPE EQUATIONS
Authors: Gritsans A. , Sadyrbaev F.
Published: March 2019

We present the explicit non‐recursive formulas for the Taylor series expansion coefficients for the functions Sn (t) defined as solutions of the Emden ‐ Fowler type equations x” = –nx 2n−1 with the initial conditions x(0) = 0, x‘(0) = 1, where n = 1,2,…

Pateikiamos vadinamos Emdeno‐Faulerio lygties x” = –nx 2n−1 pradinio uždavinio x(0) = 0, x‘(0) = 1,(n = 1,2,…) sprendiniu Sn (t) Teiloro eilute koeficientu išreikštines formules. Jos yra nerekursyvine.
MODELLING AND ANALYSIS OF HIV‐TB CO‐INFECTION IN A VARIABLE SIZE POPULATION
Authors: Naresh R. , Tripathi A.
Published: March 2019

In this paper, a nonlinear mathematical model is proposed for the transmission dynamics of HIV and a curable TB pathogen within a population of varying size. In the model, we have divided the population into four sub classes of susceptibles, TB infectives, HIV infectives and that of AIDS patients. The model exhibits four equillibria namely, a disease free, HIV free, TB free and a co‐infection equilibrium. The model has been studied qualitatively using stability theory of nonlinear differential equations. It is shown that the positive co‐infection equilibrium is always locally stable but it may become globally stable under certain conditions showing that the disease becomes endemic due to constant migration of the population into the habitat. A numerical study of the model is also performed to investigate the influence of certain key parameters on the spread of the disease.

Šiame darbe pateikiamas netiesinis matematinis modelis, skirtas aprašyti ŽIV ir išgydomo TB patogeno plitimui kintamo dydžio populiacijoje. Modelyje populiacija dalinama i keturias klases – galintys užsikresti, TB infekuoti, ŽIV infekuoti ir AIDS pacientai. Modelis turi keturias pusiausvyros padetis: nesergantys, nesergantys ŽIV, nesergantys TB ir sergantys abiem ligom. Modelis analizuojamas kokybiniu požiūriu, naudojant netiesiniu diferencialiniu lygčiu stabilumo teorija. Irodyta, kad teigiama dvieju infekciju pusiausvyros padetis visada yra lokaliai stabili, be to, esant tam tikroms salygoms, ta padetis taip pat būna ir globaliai stabili. Tai reiškia, kad esant pastoviai migracijai i areala, liga tampa endemine. Atlikta modelio skaitine analize, skirta nagrineti kai kuriu svarbiausiu parametru itaka AIDS ir TB ligu plitimui.
ON ALMOST STATISTICAL CONVERGENCE OF GENERALIZED DIFFERENCE SEQUENCES OF FUZZY NUMBERS
Authors: Et M. , Altin Y. , Altinok H.
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the concepts of almost statistical convergence and strongly almost convergence of generalized difference sequences of fuzzy numbers. We obtain some results related to these concepts. It is also shown that almost Δr λ - statistical convergence and strongly almost Δr λ - convergence are equivalent for Δr ‐bounded sequences of fuzzy numbers.

Šio straipsnio tikslas supažindinti su beveik statistinio ir stipriai beveik statistinio apibendrintu fuzzy skaičiu konvergavimo savokomis. Straipsnyje taip pat parodyta, kad beveik Δr λ ‐ statistinis konvergavimas ir stipriai beveik Δr λ - statistinis konvergavimas yra ekvivalentus Δr λ - apribotoms fuzzy skaičiu sekoms.
IS THE MUCH DISCUSSED AGILITY OF CORPORATE REAL ESTATE VISIBLE IN PRACTICE? AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BUSINESS METRICS AND SURPLUS PROPERTY
Authors: Cooke Howard , Appel-Meulenbroek Rianne , Arentze Theo
Published: March 2019

Very little work has been undertaken on the consequences of economic recession on Corporate Real Estate (CRE) and its realignment following strategy changes. Only those CRE portfolios with short term leases have a dynamic alignment capability allowing them to readily adjust to change. For those with longer leases this leads to the creation of a surplus property provision (SPP). This paper analyses the relationship between SPP and metrics for business and CRE through a period of significant change, by examining company annual reports using a distributed time lag auto-regression model. The results show an inverse relationship between SPP and profits but a positive relationship with both turnover and employment, suggesting that declining profits trigger the re-shaping of CRE. SPP is used to provide portfolio flexibility because of the lack of dynamic alignment capability. SPP increases as the commitment to short leases (<5 years) increases. The estimated time for SPP to revert to zero ranges from 3 to 9 years, but one category, financial services, is continuing to increase its liability. CRE agility has yet to be visible in the financial reports of companies, suggesting its impact remains limited, indicating the relationship between business parameters and CRE is more complicated than envisaged.
Leukemic B Cell CTLA-4 Suppresses Costimulation of T Cells
Authors: Do Priscilla , Beckwith Kyle A. , Cheney Carolyn , Tran Minh , Beaver Larry , Griffin Brittany G. , Mo Xiaokui , Liu Yang , Lapalombella Rosa , Hertlein Erin , Muthusamy Natarajan , Byrd John C.
Published: March 2019

The clinical benefit of CTLA-4 blockade on T cells is known, yet the impact of its expression on cancer cells remains unaddressed. We define an immunosuppressive role for tumor-expressed CTLA-4 using chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) as a disease model. CLL cells, among other cancer cells, are CTLA-4+. Coculture with activated human T cells induced surface CTLA-4 on primary human CLL B cells. CTLA-4 on CLL-derived human cell lines decreased CD80 expression on cocultured CD80+ cells, with restoration upon CTLA-4 blockade. Coculture of CTLA-4+ CLL cells with CD80-GFP+ cell lines revealed transfer of CD80-GFP into CLL tumor cells, similar to CTLA-4+ T cells able to trans-endocytose CD80. Coculture of T cells with CTLA-4+ CLL cells decreased IL-2 production. Using a human CTLA-4 knock-in mouse lacking FcγR function, antitumor efficacy was observed by blocking murine CTLA-4 on tumor cells in isolation of the T cell effect and Fc-mediated depletion. These data implicate tumor CTLA-4 in cancer cell–mediated immunosuppression in vitro and as having a functional role in tumor cells in vivo.
Do wine tourists care about the labourer?
Authors: Saayman Andrea , Saayman Melville
Published: March 2019

Background: Consumers worldwide have recently become more aware that their consumption preferences and habits influence not only the environment, but also other people’s lives. These ‘ethical’ consumers are therefore said to consider the moral features of the product or service in their consumption decision. The most prominent ethical consumption label is the Fair Trade label, which was established to enhance the living and working conditions of those working on small-scale farm cooperatives in developing countries.Aim: This paper aims to determine wine tourists’ willingness to pay (WTP) for improved working and living conditions for wine farm workers.Setting: The research was conducted at the largest wine festival in South Africa, the Wacky Wine Festival in Robertson in the Western Cape, an area renowned for its wine and fruit products.Method: The concept of a socially acceptable logo on the wine bottle – signalling fair wages to the farm workers – was assessed by using a double-bounded contingent valuation approach. Wine tourists completed 397 questionnaires during the festival in June 2017.Results: The results indicate that 80% of wine tourists are willing to pay more for socially responsible wines. The responsible wine consumer is typically younger and a premium of R11 per bottle of wine would be accepted if it signals fair treatment of workers.Conclusion: The socially responsible wine tourist in South Africa is more concerned about quality and the moral implications of the wine than the price. There is support for the implementation of a socially responsible label for wine products.
О совместных приближениях $\ln 3$ и $\pi/\sqrt{3}$ рациональными числами
Authors: Polyanskii Alexandr Andreevich
Published: March 2019

В статье доказывается оценка сверху для показателя совместного приближения $\ln 3$ и $\pi/\sqrt{3}$ рациональными числами.
Библиография: 16 названий.
Território, territorialização, territorialidade e a questão agrária: impasses socioespaciais, possibilidades analíticas.
Authors: Cassiano de Araujo Cristiano , Dos Santos Caldas Alcides
Published: March 2019

Por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica sobre os temas, o presente artigo analisa o desdobramento das questões territoriais no campo brasileiro e baiano, ao considerar que as influências dos atores/agentes que o moldam resultam em dois processos geográficos: o de territorialização e o de territorialidade. Essas noções se constituem como parte do desenvolvimento e da dinâmica territorial mediante a sua importância tanto como indutoras das lutas sociais organizadas, quanto na promoção de políticas públicas, perspectivas que serão corroboradas por meio dos estudos de caso de Germani (2010) e Coelho Neto (2013), recebendo a contribuição de Haesbaert (2010) no debate sobre a política de ordenamento territorial no âmbito rural (territorialização), e a de Porto-Gonçalves (2010), analisando os elementos “emancipatórias e emergentes” de tais políticas (territorialidade).
História, meio ambiente e desenvolvimento regional do território do Parque Nacional da Serra do Itajaí no município de Blumenau (vale do Itajaí, Santa Catarina)
Authors: Garrote Martin Stabel , Dos Santos Gilberto Friedenreich
Published: March 2019

A pesquisa aborda a temática da interação sociedade e natureza tendo como delimitação territorial a comunidade da Nova Rússia, município de Blumenau, situada na zona de amortecimento do Parque Nacional da Serra do Itajaí (PNSI). O objetivo é descrever a história ambiental e o desenvolvimento regional da comunidade. As atividades que contribuíam para o desenvolvimento regional entre 1860-1940 foram: mineração, exploração florestal (madeira e lenha) e atividades agropecuárias de subsistência. Entre 1950-1990 ocorre uma ampliação da ocupação do espaço pelas atividades exploratórias já desenvolvidas, redução da floresta nativa, introdução de pinus e eucalipto. Depois de 1990 surgem iniciativas de uso comercial, para lazer e recreação, assim como iniciativas de conservação da natureza. As atividades ampliaram-se com a criação do PNSI em 2004 e se tornaram importantes elementos do desenvolvimento regional sustentável.
Prior aspirin and/or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use in sepsis patients is associated with reduced intensive care unit morbidity and mortality: retrospective study
Authors: Sahin Ayca Sultan , Derbent Abdurrahim , Salihoglu Ziya
Published: March 2019

Introduction

Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that is characterized by multi-organ dysfunction and a high mortality rate, and prevention may be cheaper and easier than treatment. The sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score is associated with mortality risk, and the Quick SOFA (qSOFA) is a shortened version. In this study, we examined whether there was any difference between the qSOFA and SOFA scores, procalcitonin and CRP levels, and mortality among patients with sepsis who either used or did not use aspirin and/or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).

Material and methods

This study was designed as a retrospective analysis of 64 septic patients, 38 males and 26 females. SOFA, qSOFA and APACHE II scores, as well as gender, age, length of hospital stay, procalcitonin and CRP levels, blood culture results, mortality rates and the use of aspirin and/or NSAID were recorded from the files.

Results

The median age of aspirin and/or NSAID users was 63 years and of non-users was 55. There were significant differences in the SOFA scores and mortality rates between aspirin and/or NSAID users and non-NSAID/aspirin users (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the length of hospital stay or blood culture results (p > 0.05). There were also significant differences in CRP and procalcitonin values (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

In this study, patients that used aspirin and/or NSAID had lower SOFA, qSOFA and APACHE II scores and lower mortality rates. There have been recent studies on the prevention of sepsis in patients having already used these drugs before hospital admission, but there have been no publications in which sepsis is supported by SOFA and qSOFA scores with aspirin and/or NSAID users.
Comprehensive assessment of candidate genes associated with fattening performance in Holstein–Friesian bulls
Authors: Ardicli Sena , Samli Hale , Vatansever Buse , Soyudal Bahadir , Dincel Deniz , Balci Faruk
Published: March 2019

Abstract. The objective of this study was to determine the association of single nucleotide
polymorphisms (SNPs) in selected candidate genes with fattening performance traits in a
commercial cattle herd. Fifteen SNPs in 12 candidate genes (LEP, FABP4,
DGAT1, TG, IGF1, IGF1R, MYF5, LGB,
CAPN1, CAST, GHR, and OLR1) were evaluated in
296 purebred Holstein–Friesian bulls using PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction – restriction fragment length polymorphism). Associations between each segregating SNP and genetic merit for fattening
performance were quantified using linear mixed models. Traits included in the study were
fattening period, final weight, dry matter intake, feed conversion rate, and average
daily weight gain. Apart from the general determination of the above-mentioned traits,
each trait was evaluated based on the fattening periods between five selected
target body weights (W1 = 100 kg, W2 = 200 kg, W3 = 300 kg,
W4 = 400 kg, W5 = 450 kg). All markers with the exception of
CAPN1 530, IGF1R, TG, and DGAT1 were associated with
at least one of the traits. Furthermore, novel associations were observed for
LEP × GHR, IGF1 × LEP,
FABP4 3691 × FABP4 2834, and
FAP4 3533 × LEP interactions. The results of this study
confirm some previously reported associations. Moreover, novel associations have been
identified, which may be incorporated into breeding programs to improve fattening
performance.
Seasonality in the Δ33S measured in urban aerosols highlights an additional oxidation pathway for atmospheric SO2
Authors: Au Yang David , Cartigny Pierre , Desboeufs Karine , Widory David
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Sulfates present in urban aerosols collected worldwide usually
exhibit significant non-zero Δ33S signatures (from
−0.6 ‰ to 0.5 ‰) whose origin still remains unclear. To
better address this issue, we recorded the seasonal variations of the
multiple sulfur isotope compositions of PM10 aerosols collected
over the year 2013 at five stations within the Montreal Island (Canada), each
characterized by distinct types and levels of pollution. The
δ34S-values (n= 155) vary from 2.0 ‰ to
11.3 ‰ (±0.2 ‰, 2σ), the
Δ33S-values from −0.080 ‰ to 0.341 ‰ (±0.01 ‰, 2σ) and the Δ36S-values from
−1.082 ‰ to 1.751 ‰ (±0.2 ‰, 2σ).
Our study evidences a seasonality for both the δ34S and
Δ33S, which can be observed either when considering all
monitoring stations or, to a lesser degree, when considering them
individually. Among them, the monitoring station located at the most western
end of the island, upstream of local emissions, yields the lowest mean
δ34S coupled to the highest mean Δ33S-values.
The Δ33S-values are higher during both summer and winter, and
are < 0.1 ‰ during both spring and autumn. As these higher
Δ33S-values are measured in “upstream” aerosols, we conclude
that the mechanism responsible for these highly positive S-MIF also occurs
outside and not within the city, at odds with common assumptions. While the
origin of such variability in the Δ33S-values of urban
aerosols (i.e. −0.6 ‰ to 0.5 ‰) is still subject to
debate, we suggest that oxidation by Criegee radicals and/or photooxidation
of atmospheric SO2 in the presence of mineral dust may play a role
in generating such large ranges of S-MIF.
Characterizing wind gusts in complex terrain
Authors: Letson Frederick , Barthelmie Rebecca J. , Hu Weifei , Pryor Sara C.
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Wind gusts are a key driver of aerodynamic loading, especially for tall
structures such a bridges and wind turbines. However, gust characteristics in
complex terrain are not well understood and common approximations used to
describe wind gust behavior may not be appropriate at heights relevant to
wind turbines and other structures. Data collected in the Perdigão
experiment are analyzed herein to provide a foundation for improved wind gust
characterization and process-level understanding of flow intermittency in
complex terrain. High-resolution observations from sonic anemometers and
vertically pointing Doppler lidars are used to conduct a detailed study of
gust characteristics with a specific focus on the parent distributions of
nine gust parameters (that describe velocity, time, and length scales), their
joint distributions, height variation, and coherence in the vertical and
horizontal planes. Best-fit distributional forms for varying gust properties
show good agreement with those from previous experiments in moderately
complex terrain but generate nonconservative estimates of the gust properties
that are of key importance to structural loading. Probability distributions
of gust magnitude derived from vertically pointing Doppler lidars exhibit
good agreement with estimates from sonic anemometers despite differences
arising from volumetric averaging and the terrain complexity. Wind speed
coherence functions during gusty periods (which are important to structural
wind loading) are similar to less complex sites for small vertical
displacements (10 to 40 m), but do not exhibit an exponential form for
larger horizontal displacements (800 to 1500 m).
Atmospheric ammonia variability and link with PM formation: a case study over the Paris area
Authors: Viatte Camille , Wang Tianze , Van Damme Martin , Dammers Enrico , Meleux Frederik , Clarisse Lieven , Shephard Mark W. , Whitburn Simon , Coheur Pierre François , Cady-Pereira Karen E. , Clerbaux Cathy
Published: March 2019

Abstract. The Paris megacity experiences frequent particulate matter (PM2.5, PM with a diameter less than 2.5 μm) pollution episodes in springtime (March–April). At this time of the year, large parts of the particles consist of ammonium sulfate and nitrate which are formed from ammonia (NH3) released during fertilizer spreading practices and transported from the surrounding areas to Paris. There is still limited knowledge on the emission sources around Paris, their magnitude and seasonality. Using space-borne NH3 observation records of 10-years (2008–2017) and 5-years (2013–2017) provided by the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) and the Cross-Track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) instrument, regional pattern of NH3 variabilities (seasonal and inter-annual) are derived. Observations reveal identical high seasonal variabilities with three major NH3 hot spots found from March to August. The high inter-annual variability is discussed with respect to atmospheric total precipitation and temperature. A detailed analysis of the seasonal cycle is performed using both IASI and the CrIS instrument data, together with outputs from the CHIMERE atmospheric model. For months of high NH3 concentrations (March to August) the CHIMERE model shows good correspondence with correlation slopes of 0.98 and 0.71 when comparing with IASI and CrIS, respectively. It is found that the model is only able to reproduce half of the observed atmospheric temporal NH3 variability in the domain. In term of spatial variability, the CHIMERE monthly NH3 concentrations in springtime show a slight underrepresentation over Belgium and the United-Kingdom and overrepresentation in agricultural areas in the French Brittany/Pays de la Loire and Plateau du Jura region, as well as in the north part of Switzerland. Using HYSPLIT cluster analysis of back-trajectories, we show that NH3 total columns measured in spring over Paris are enhanced when air masses are originated from the Northeast (e. g., Netherlands and Belgium), highlighting the long-range transport importance on the NH3 budget over Paris. Finally, we quantify the key meteorological parameters driving the specific conditions important for the PM2.5 formation from NH3 in the Ile-de-France region in springtime. Data-driven results based on surface PM2.5 measurements from the Airparif network and IASI NH3 observations show that a combination of the factors, e. g. a low boundary layer of ~500 m, a relatively low temperature of 5 °C and a high relative humidity of 70 %, contributes to favor PM2.5 and NH3 correlation.
Realized ecological forecast through an interactive Ecological Platform for Assimilating Data (EcoPAD, v1.0) into models
Authors: Huang Yuanyuan , Stacy Mark , Jiang Jiang , Sundi Nilutpal , Ma Shuang , Saruta Volodymyr , Jung Chang Gyo , Shi Zheng , Xia Jianyang , Hanson Paul J. , Ricciuto Daniel , Luo Yiqi
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Predicting future changes in ecosystem services is not only highly desirable but is also becoming feasible as several forces (e.g., available big data, developed data assimilation (DA) techniques, and advanced cyber-infrastructure) are converging to transform ecological research into quantitative forecasting. To realize ecological forecasting, we have developed an Ecological Platform for Assimilating Data (EcoPAD, v1.0) into models. EcoPAD (v1.0) is a web-based software system that automates data transfer and processing from sensor networks to ecological forecasting through data management, model simulation, data assimilation, forecasting, and visualization. It facilitates interactive data–model integration from which the model is recursively improved through updated data while data are systematically refined under the guidance of model. EcoPAD (v1.0) relies on data from observations, process-oriented models, DA techniques, and the web-based workflow. We applied EcoPAD (v1.0) to the Spruce and Peatland Responses Under Climatic and Environmental change (SPRUCE) experiment in northern Minnesota. The EcoPAD-SPRUCE realizes fully automated data transfer, feeds meteorological data to drive model simulations, assimilates both manually measured and automated sensor data into the Terrestrial ECOsystem (TECO) model, and recursively forecasts the responses of various biophysical and biogeochemical processes to five temperature and two CO2 treatments in near-real time (weekly). Forecasting with EcoPAD-SPRUCE has revealed that mismatches in forecasting carbon pool dynamics are more related to model (e.g., model structure, parameter, and initial value) than forcing variables, opposite to forecasting flux variables. EcoPAD-SPRUCE quantified acclimations of methane production in response to warming treatments through shifted posterior distributions of the CH4:CO2 ratio and the temperature sensitivity (Q10) of methane production towards lower values. Different case studies indicated that realistic forecasting of carbon dynamics relies on appropriate model structure, correct parameterization, and accurate external forcing. Moreover, EcoPAD-SPRUCE stimulated active feedbacks between experimenters and modelers to identify model components to be improved and additional measurements to be taken. It has become an interactive model–experiment (ModEx) system and opens a novel avenue for interactive dialogue between modelers and experimenters. Altogether, EcoPAD (v1.0) acts to integrate multiple sources of information and knowledge to best inform ecological forecasting.
Wildland fire potential outlooks for Portugal using meteorological
indices of fire danger
Authors: Nunes Sílvia A. , DaCamara Carlos C. , Turkman Kamil F. , Calado Teresa J. , Trigo Ricardo M.
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Portugal is recurrently affected by large wildfire events that have serious impacts at the socio-economic and environmental levels and dramatic consequences associated with the loss of lives and the destruction of the landscape. Accordingly, seasonal forecasts are required to assist fire managers, thus contributing to alter the historically-based purely reactive response. In this context, we present and discuss a statistical model to estimate the probability that the total burned area during summer will exceed a given threshold. The statistical model uses meteorological information that rates the accumulation of thermal and vegetation stress. Outlooks for the 39-year study period (1980–2018) show that, when the statistical model is applied from May 26 to June 30, out of the six severe years, only one year is not anticipated as potentially severe and, out of the six weak years, only one is not anticipated as potentially weak. The availability of outlooks of wildfire potential with an anticipation of up to one month before the starting of the fire season, such as the one proposed here, may serve to provide clear directions for the fire community when planning prevention and combating fire events.
Contending with Capitalism: Fatwas and Neoliberal Ideology
Authors: Awass Omer
Published: March 2019

Neoliberal economic theorists posit that the economic sphere is to be differentiated from the social world and governed by its own rationality that is distinct from religious, ethical, social, or political considerations. My article explores how the issuance of fatwas in the contemporary Muslim world discursively compete with neoliberal capitalist ideology by embedding religious ethics in economic discourse.  First, I contextualize this analysis with a historical discussion on how the Muslim world was incorporated into the capitalist world-system, a process that peripheralized their established economic and cultural practices. Then, I examine the contemporary fatwas on commercial transactions that are issued by an international Muslim organization. My overall argument is that the Islamic moral economy proposes financial arrangements that represent alternatives to capitalist financial practices, which are the standard modes of operation in global financial institutions. Such practices pose a challenge to Muslim economic ethics and law, a challenge that Muslims are trying to negotiate using traditional legal practices such as the fatwa.
Manuela Boatca, Andrea Komlosy, and Hans-Heinrich Nolte, eds. Global Inequalities in World-System Perspective: Theoretical Debates and Methodological Innovations
Authors: Grell-Brisk Marilyn
Published: March 2019

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The World-Systemic Dynamics of Knowledge Production: The Distribution of Transnational Academic Capital in the Social Sciences
Authors: Demeter Márton
Published: March 2019

This paper expands the framework of the Bourdieusian field theory using a world-system theoretical perspective to analyze the global system of social sciences, or what might be called the world-system of knowledge production. The analysis deals with the main agents of the world-system of social sciences, and it also investigates the core-like and periphery-like processes of the system. Our findings affirm that a very characteristic center-periphery structure exists in global social sciences, with a few hegemonic countries and distinctly peripheral world regions. Our analysis not just presents empirical data on power structures in global social sciences but it also offers meaningful typologies for analysis of the roles different world regions play in maintaining the world-system of global knowledge production. The paper also proposes a three-dimensional model by which both geographical and social/institutional center-periphery relations may be analyzed.
Reclaiming Democratic Control: The Role of Public Ownership in Resisting Corporate Domination
Authors: Hanna Thomas M.
Published: March 2019

In response to increasing inequality, the rising power of large corporations, climate change, and other challenges, public ownership is back on the agenda in the United States and around the world. In this "new gilded age" there is much to learn from past experiments as we construct a new vision of public ownership for the Twenty-First Century.
Corporate versus Community Power: A Santa Barbara Story
Authors: Flacks Richard
Published: March 2019

Fifty years ago, a massive oil well blowout and subsequent oil spill triggered community resistance to oil company operations in Santa Barbara county and its surrounding waters. The county has had surprising success in regulating and reducing oil development. That success is due to the combined effectds of grassroots mobilization, longterm organization, and the availability of state agencies and laws that legitimize community  participation in corporarte development approvals. Despite Santa Barbara's relative affluence, its ongoing battle with the oil industry may be useful for formulating a theory of community empowerment globally.
Frey on “The Transfer of Core-based Hazardous Production Processes to the Periphery”: Contributions, Inspirations, and Lasting Legacy
Authors: Austin Kelly F.
Published: March 2019

I consider Scott Frey’s work on “The Transfer of Core-Based Hazardous Production Processes to the Export Processing Zones of the Periphery: The Maquiladora Centers of Northern Mexico,” published in 2003, including the contributions of this research to broader thinking on world-systems theory and peripheral industrialization. I also discuss how Frey’s article has inspired my own research, and why I use this article in my seminar on The Political Economy of Globalization. I argue that the ideas presented in Frey’s article continue to be deeply relevant today. He leaves behind a legacy that will inspire and influence current and future generations of world-systems scholars and global citizens.