bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 Among Patients With Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases
Authors: Esatoglu Sinem Nihal , Tascilar Koray , Babaoglu Hakan , Bes Cemal , Yurttas Berna , Akar Servet , Pehlivan Ozlem , Akleylek Cansu , Tecer Duygu , Seyahi Emire , Yuce-Inel Tuba , Alpay-Kanitez Nilufer , Bodakci Erdal , Tekgoz Emre , Colak Seda , Bolek Ertugrul Cagri , Koca Suleyman Serdar , Kalyoncu Umut , Icacan Ozan Cemal , Ugurlu Serdal , Oz Hande Ece , Hamuryudan Vedat , Hatemi Gulen
Published: December 2020

Background: There are few data on disease characteristics and outcome of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) among patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRDs). In this cohort study, we aimed to report the disease characteristics and variables associated with COVID-19 outcome among patients with IRDs.Methods: Between April and June, 2020, 167 adult IRD patients with COVID-19 were registered from 31 centers in 14 cities in Turkey. Disease outcome was classified in 4 categories; (i) outpatient management, (ii) hospitalization without oxygen requirement, (iii) hospitalization with oxygen requirement, and (iv) intensive care unit (ICU) admission or death. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine variables associated with a worse outcome.Results: 165 patients (mean age: 50 ± 15.6 years, 58.2% female) were included. Twenty-four patients (14.5%) recovered under outpatient management, 141 (85.5%) were hospitalized, 49 (30%) required inpatient oxygen support, 22 (13%) were treated in the ICU (17 received invasive mechanic ventilation) and 16 (10%) died. Glucocorticoid use (OR: 4.53, 95%CI 1.65-12.76), chronic kidney disease (OR: 12.8, 95%CI 2.25-103.5), pulmonary disease (OR: 2.66, 95%CI 1.08-6.61) and obesity (OR: 3.7, 95%CI 1.01-13.87) were associated with a worse outcome. Biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) do not seem to affect COVID-19 outcome while conventional synthetic DMARDs may have a protective effect (OR: 0.36, 95%CI 0.17-0.75). Estimates for the associations between IRD diagnoses and outcome were inconclusive.Conclusions: Among IRD patients with COVID-19, comorbidities and glucocorticoid use were associated with a worse outcome, while biologic DMARDs do not seem to be associated with a worse outcome.
The Rotary Cell Culture System increases NTRK3 Expression and Promotes Neuronal Differentiation and Migratory Ability of Neural Stem Cells Cultured on Collagen Sponge
Authors: Cui Yi , Yin Yanyun , Zhao Yannan , Han Jin , Xu Bai , Zou Yunlong , Chen Bing , Xiao Zhifeng , Song Hongwei , Shi Ya , Xue Weiwei , Ma Xu , Dai Jianwu
Published: December 2020

Background Recently, neural stem cell (NSC) therapy has shown promise for the treatment of many neurological diseases. Enhancing the quality of implanted cells and improving therapeutic efficacy are currently research hotspots. It has been reported that collagen sponge material provided sufficient room for cell growth in all directions, promoted the absorption of nutrients and removal of wastes. And also, the Rotary Cell Culture System (RCCS), which mimics the microgravity environment, can be used to culture cells for tissue engineering. Materials and methods We performed the mRNA and miRNA sequencing to elucidate the regulatory mechanism of NSCs cultured on the collagen sponge in RCCS system. The luciferase assay and Western blot revealed a direct regulatory role between let-7i-5p and NTRK3. And then, the neural differentiation maker Tuj1 and Map2 were detected by immunofluorescence staining. In the meantime, the migratory ability of NSCs was detected both in vitro and in spinal cord injury animals. Results In this study, we demonstrated that the expression of neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (NTRK3; also called TrkC) was elevated in NSCs cultured on collagen sponge in the RCCS system. Furthermore, increased NTRK3 expression was regulated by the downregulation of let-7i-5p. Compared to traditionally cultured NSCs, the NSCs cultured on collagen sponge in the RCCS system exhibited better neuronal differentiation and migratory ability, especially in the presence of NT-3. Conclusions As the biological properties and quality of transplanted cells are critical for therapeutic success, the RCCS system combined with collagen sponge culture system show promise for applications in clinical practice in the future.
The Accuracy and Dosimetry of Individualized 3D-Printing Template Assisted I125 Radioactive Seed Implantation for Recurrent/Secondary Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Qiu Bin , Jiang Yuliang , Ji Zhe , Sun Haitao , Fan Jinghong , Li Weiyan , Shao Yuxia , Jiang Ping , Wang Junjie
Published: December 2020

Background: Individualized 3D-printing template (3D-PT) is developed to facilitate I125 radioactive seed implantation (RSI), while most of the previous studies were focused on the efficacy and safety profiles, study on the accuracy of I125 RSI is lacking. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of intraoperative needle puncture and post-plan dosimetry of individualized 3D-PT assisted I125 RSI for recurrent/secondary head and neck cancer.Methods: From February 2017 to January 2020, clinical data of 41 patients (mean age, 58.5 ± 16.1 years; 28 males) with recurrent (48.8%)/secondary (51.2%) head and neck cancer underwent individualized 3D-PT assisted I125 RSI under CT guidance in our institute were retrospectively reviewed.Results: A total of 430 needles [mean, 10.5 (range 3–17) per patient] were inserted. Technical success rate was 100% without major complication. The mean needle’s entrance deviation was 0.090 cm (95% Confidence Interval, 0.081–0.098). The mean intraoperative depth and angular of the needle were consistent with that of pre-plan (6.23 ± 0.24 vs. 6.21 ± 0.24 cm, p = 0.903; 83.14 ± 3.64 vs. 83.09 ± 3.66 degrees, p = 0.985, respectively). The mean deviation between the needle’s pre-planned and intraoperative depth and angular were 0.168 ± 0.024 cm and 1.56 ± 0.14 degrees, respectively. The post-plan dosimetry parameters, including D90, D100, V100, V150, V200, conformity index, external index, and homogeneity index, were all well coordinate with pre-planned dosimetry without significant deference (all p ＞ 0.05).Conclusion: Within the limitation of this study, individualized 3D-PT assisted I125 RSI may be accurate obtaining favorable post-plan dosimetry for patients with recurrent/secondary head and neck cancer, further prospective study is warranted.
Prognostic Makers Including Immune and Inflammatory Factors Predict Outcomes in Patients Receiving Postoperative Radiation Therapy for Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Mukai Yuki , Matsuyama Ryusei , Sugiura Madoka , Yabushita Yasuhiro , Taniuchi Risa , Homma Yuki , Hashimoto Kotaro , Miyake Kentaro , Tabuchi Yuya , Endo Itaru , Hata Masaharu
Published: December 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze treatment outcomes and prognostic markers, including immune and inflammatory factors, of postoperative radiation therapy (RT) administered to patients with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA).Methods: We retrospectively selected 59 patients with CCA who underwent surgery and postoperative RT with curative intent from 2004 to 2019. Patients received external irradiation (50 Gy in 25 fractions) using three-dimensional RT. Overall survival (OS), cause-specific survival (CSS), progression-free survival (PFS), and locoregional control (LRC) rates of initial RT were assessed using the Kaplan–Meier method. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional-hazards regression models were used to identify prognostic factors. We analyzed prognostic factors of inflammation, such as pre-RT platelet count, hemoglobin, lymphocyte count ratio (LCR) of the leukocyte count, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR).Results: Tumor stages were distributed as follows: I (n = 8), II (n = 25), III (n = 15), and IVA (n = 11). The median follow-up was 24 months. Two-year OS, CSS, PFS, and LRC rates were 59.5%, 62.0%, 40.1%, and 66.7%, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that lower LCR was significantly associated with shorter PFS (P = 0.0446, hazard ratio (HR): 1.90, 95%, confidence interval (CI): 1.02–3.58). There was no significant difference between the median baseline values of PLR and NLR; and age ≥75, positive regional lymph node metastases (N+), and chemotherapy after RT were significantly associated with poor OS. Multivariate analysis revealed a significant association of N+ with OS, PFS and CSS and that lower LCR was significantly associated with PFS (HR: 0.481, CI: 0.252–0.905, p=0.0234). Among late toxicity events, two patients (3.38%) were suspected with therapy-related liver toxicity.Conclusions: LCR before RT was a prognostic factor for postoperative radiation therapy of patients with CCA.
Aversive Emotion Activates Orexin Neurons and Induces Tachycardia in Freely Moving Mice
Authors: Yamashita Akira , Moriya Shunpei , Nishi Ryusei , Kaminosono Jun , Yamanaka Akihiro , KUWAKI Tomoyuki
Published: December 2020

Stress affects the sensory and negative emotional components in the brain and causes autonomic responses and aversive emotion. However, the possible roles for the negative emotional component remain largely unclear. The perifornical area of the hypothalamus has been known as the center for the defense response, or fight-or-flight response, which is characterized by a concomitant rise in arterial blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory frequency. Orexin neurons located in that region are suggested to be a critical population responsible for that response. In this study, we examined the suggestion by recording orexin neuronal activity and heart rate in freely moving mice using an original dual-channel fiber photometry system in vivo. Association analysis between orexin neuronal activity and aversive stress-induced autonomic responses revealed a rapid increase in neuronal activity just prior to changes in heart rate. In addition, we examined whether orexin neurons would be activated by a conditioned neutral sound that was previously associated with aversive stimulus. We show that the negative emotional memory indeed activated orexin neurons and increased heart rate. Our data suggest that orexin neurons are the key component required to receive aversive emotion and link it with an autonomic defense response. Our data also suggest that targeting orexin neurons may enable treatment of psychiatric disorders that result from chronic stress and occur long after the original sensory inputs are gone.
Closing The Know-Do Gap for Child Health: UNICEF’s Experiences From Embedding Implementation Research in Child Health and Nutrition Programming
Authors: Jackson Debra J , Shahabuddin ASM , Sharkey Alyssa , Kallander Karin , Muniz Maria , Mwamba Remy , Nyankesha Elevanie , Scherpbier Robert , Hasman Andreas , Balarajan Yarlini , Albright Kerry , Adele Priscilla , Peterson Stefan Swartling
Published: December 2020

UNICEF operates in 190 countries and territories where it advocates for the protection of children's rights, help meet children’s basic needs and reach their full potential. Embedded Implementation Research (IR) is an approach to health systems strengthening in which: a) generation and use of research is led by decision makers and implementers, b) local context, priorities, and system complexity are taken into account, and c) research is an integrated and systematic part of decision-making and implementation. By addressing research questions of direct relevance to programs, embedded IR increases the likelihood of evidence‐informed policies and programs, with the ultimate goal of improving child health and nutrition. This paper presents UNICEF’s embedded IR approach, describes its application, to challenges and lessons learned, and considers implications for future work.From 2015, UNICEF has collaborated with global development partners (e.g. WHO, USAID), governments and research institutions to conduct embedded IR studies in over 25 high burden countries. These studies focused on a variety of programs, including immunization, prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, birth registration, nutrition, and newborn and child health services in emergency settings. The studies also used a variety of methods, including quantitative, qualitative and mixed-methods. UNICEF has found that this systematically embedding research in programs to identify implementation barriers can address concerns of implementers in country programs and support action to improve implementation. In addition, it can be used to test innovations , in particular applicability of approaches for introduction and scaling of programs across different contexts (e.g., geographic, political, physical environment, social, economic, etc.). UNICEF aims to generate evidence as to what implementation strategies will lead to more effective programs and better outcomes for children, accounting for local context and complexity, and as prioritized by local service providers. The adaptation of implementation research theory and practice within a large, multi-sectoral program has shown positive results in UNICEF supported programmes for children and taking them to scale.
Antiplasmodial Potential of Indonesian Medicinal Plants
Authors: Bialangi Nurhayati , Mustapa Mohamad Adam , Salimi Yuszda K , Musa Weny J.A , Widiyantoro Ari , Situmeang Boima , Sianturi Julinton
Published: December 2020

Background: Species A. paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees known as″ Sambiloto ″ and P. pellucida L. Kunth known as″ Suruhan ″ are mainly distributed in Indonesia and their combination was used as a traditional medicine for treating malaria diseases. However, no information appears to have evaluated the antiplasmodial potential of the two plants. This research aimed to evaluate the antiplasmodial activity of the two plants and the species P. pellucida L. Kunth alone as a source of antiplasmodial agent. Methods: In vitro test of the AP-PP and PP extracts against Pf D-10 (chloroquine-sensitive) were performed as described by Desjardins et al. An in vivo test of the PP extract in mice infected with Pb ANKA was performed using Peters´ 4-day suppressive test. Parasitemia, growth and inhibition rates were determined via Giemsa-stained smear of blood and analyzed microscopically. Survival was followed up until day 21 post-infection.Results: The increased ratio of the PP extract (20:80) exhibited significant antiplasmodial in contrast to the high ratio of the AP extract (IC50, 62.01 mg/mL). Further evaluation of the PP extract alone displayed better antiplasmodial activity with an IC50 value of 4.0 mg/mL. Furthermore, an in vivo test of the PP extract in BALB/c albino mice infected with Pb ANKA exhibited a significant chemosuppressive effect in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion: The increased ratio of the PP extract exhibited a major contribution for their activity. The PP extract alone showed better antiplasmodial activity than the AP extract and their combination. An in vivo test confirmed the efficacy of the PP extract in mouse model.
Enhancement of Rotator Cuff Tendon-bone Healing with Graphene Oxide/PRP Composite Scaffold in a Rabbit Model: A Histological and Biomechanical Study
Authors: Qin Bo , Bao Dingsu , Zeng Shengqiang , Deng Kai , Liu Gang , Xiong Zhengrong , Gong Min , He Siyuan , Shi Jie , Wang Xun , Lu Zhiqiang , Fu Shijie
Published: December 2020

Background: Application of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) can improve tendon-bone healing (TBH) after rotator cuff surgical repair. Graphene Oxide (GO) is a steady, controlled, and sustained carrier. The purpose of this study is to determine whether GO/PRP Composite Scaffold enhances the TBH after RC surgical repair in a rabbit model.Methods: A full-thickness tear of the supraspinatus tendon was created and repaired in 36 adult male New Zealand rabbits. They were divided into three groups: Control group, PRP group, and GO/PRP Composite Scaffold group (GO group). The effect of GO/PRP Composite Scaffold on TBH was assessed using histological and biomechanical evaluations at 8 and 12 weeks postoperatively.Results: Histological analysis showed that greater continuity, better orientation, and more density of collagen fiber were detected in the GO group than PRP and Control groups at 8 and 12 weeks, respectively. Results of biomechanical evaluations showed that the load to failure and stiffness of the GO group were statistically higher than those of PRP and Control groups at both 8 and 12 weeks (P<0.05). Compared with 8 weeks in the GO group, there was no significant difference in load to failure at 12 weeks (P>0.05), while the stiffness at 12 weeks was higher than that at 8 weeks (P<0.05). Conclusions: These results demonstrated that GO/PRP Composite Scaffold enhanced the TBH following rotator cuff surgical repair in a rabbit model. The GO may be an effective carrier for PRP into repair sites.
Development and Validation of a Novel Quality Control Methodology on Screening Out for Human Osteosarcoma Cell Aptamers
Authors: Wang Hua , Liang Ji , Ma Yan , Zhou Lei , Zhang Yufei , Li Mingcheng
Published: December 2020

Background: We have successfully established an aptamer library for recognition of human osteosarcoma cell using the cell-SELEX method. However, we found that the quality monitoring become a key, resulting in success or failure in the screening process. The study aims to establish an accurate, time-saving quality-monitoring method in screening for tumour cell aptamers in order to shorten the screening process and ensure the accurate preparation of the aptamer. Methods: Two kinds of human osteosarcoma cells (U2-OS, HOS) were selected as the forward screening target cells and human fibrosarcoma cells (HT-1080) as the reverse screening cells to screen the aptamers from the candidate oligonucleotide library. In each round of preparation of the library, PCR was optimised by using quantitative template concentration instead of percentage volume. Each round of forward screening was conducted with reverse screening; Fluorescence spectroscopy and flow cytometry were used to monitor and compare the aptamer libraries. Results: During quantitative PCR for U2-OS and HOS template, the results showed that the bands obtained from 14 cycles were bright and no non-specific amplification within the optimal template concentrations between 19.0 and 21.0ng/µl. Each round of forward screening was accompanied by reverse screening to accelerate the elimination of non-specific single-strand DNA (ssDNA). In the meanwhile, the aptamer groups were effectively purified specifically bounding to target cells. Besides, we observed that the fluorescence spectroscopy is more accurate, time-saving, and convenient for quality control compared with flow cytometry. Conclusion: The method proposed in the study is appropriate for the rapid screening out for human osteosarcoma cell aptamers. The quantitative template concentration, forward screening with back screening, and fluorescence spectroscopy are important methods for accurate preparation and quality control of tumour cell aptamers. It can provide scientific reference data for the amplification of dsDNAs in other sub-libraries.
Full-Endoscopic Anterior Odontoid Screw Fixation: A Novel Technique and Technical Report
Authors: Kotheeranurak Vit , Jitpakdee Khanathip , Pholprajug Phattareeya , Pruttikul Pritsanai , Singhatanadgige Weerasak , Limthongkul Worawat , Kim Jin-Sung
Published: December 2020

Background: Odontoid fractures are common among cervical spine fractures and are categorized into three types. Unstable type II fractures are among the most challenging to treat, and the best treatment approach has been debated. Anterior odontoid screw fixation, a surgical treatment option, yields a high union rate and helps preserve cervical motion; however, there are risks for approach-related complications. Here, we report a novel minimally invasive technique of full-endoscopic anterior odontoid fixation (FEAOF).Methods: The authors introduce the technique and describe in detail the technical approach of FEAOF for the surgical treatment of type II odontoid fractures.Conclusions: FEAOF is a feasible and effective option for treating type II odontoid fractures. The procedure is less invasive than other techniques and provides clear direct visualization of the involved structures.Level of Evidence: Not applicable
COVID-19 Associated Interstitial Lung Disease - An Emerging Entity
Authors: Zubairi Ali Bin Sarwar , Shaikh Anjiya , Zubair Syed Muhammad , Ali Akbar Shoukat , Awan Safia , Irfan Muhammad
Published: December 2020

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Overexpressing PLA2G6 mutations cause symptoms of young–onset dystonia–parkinsonism type 14
Authors: Yeh Tu-Hsueh , Liu Han-Fang , Cheng Mei-Ling , Huang Yin-Cheng , Huang Ying-Zu , Lu Chin-Song , Chiu Ching-Chi , Chen Hao-Yuan , Cheng Yi-Chuan
Published: December 2020

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative motor disorder, which is currently incurable. Mutations in many genes have been demonstrated to be the primary risk factors associated with the familial or idiopathic PD; however, the mechanisms underlying these genetic mutations resulting in parkinsonism remains unclear. Phospholipase A2 group VI (PLA2G6) has been shown to regulate lipid metabolism and homeostasis in the nervous system. Previous studies have shown that point mutations in PLA2G6 might be the risk factors associated with the young–onset of dystonia–parkinsonism type 14 (PARK14). However, limited information is available regarding its pathogenic role and the mechanism underlying its function.
The macroscopic shape of assemblies formed from microparticles based on host–guest interaction dependent on the guest content
Authors: Itami Takahiro , Hashidzume Akihito , Kamon Yuri , Yamaguchi Hiroyasu , Harada Akira
Published: December 2020

Biological macroscopic assemblies have inspired researchers to utilize molecular recognition to develop smart materials in these decades. Recently, macroscopic self-assemblies based on molecular recognition have been realized using millimeter-scale hydrogel pieces possessing molecular recognition moieties. During the study on macroscopic self-assembly based on molecular recognition, we noticed that the shape of assemblies might be dependent on the host–guest pair. In this study, we were thus motivated to study the macroscopic shape of assemblies formed through host–guest interaction. We modified crosslinked poly(sodium acrylate) microparticles, i.e., superabsorbent polymer (SAP) microparticles, with β-cyclodextrin (βCD) and adamantyl (Ad) residues (βCD(x)-SAP and Ad(y)-SAP microparticles, respectively, where x and y denote the mol % contents of βCD and Ad residues). Then, we studied the self-assembly behavior of βCD(x)-SAP and Ad(y)-SAP microparticles through the complexation of βCD with Ad residues. There was a threshold of the βCD content in βCD(x)-SAP microparticles for assembly formation between x = 22.3 and 26.7. On the other hand, the shape of assemblies was dependent on the Ad content, y; More elongated assemblies were formed at a higher y. This may be because, at a higher y, small clusters formed in an early stage can stick together even upon collisions at a single contact point to form elongated aggregates, whereas, at a smaller y, small clusters stick together only upon collisions at multiple contact points to give rather circular assemblies. On the basis of these observations, the shape of assembly formed from microparticles can be controlled by varying y.
Opinion control in a team with complete and incomplete communication
Authors:   Karelian Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Applied Mathematical Research, Mazalov Vladimir V. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Dorofeeva Yulia A. ,   Karelian Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Applied Mathematical Research,   Petrozavodsk State University, Parilina Elena M. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: December 2020

We examine the influence of management of the opinion of a group members, while the group of agents are considered with different communication structures. We consider the optimization problem in dynamics with feedback information structure. In the model, the communication structure plays an important role since not all agents are directly connected with each other. The influence of the agents on each other is taken into account in the equation of dynamics of agents' opinions. An agent weights the other agents' opinions and after that forms the next step opinion. Two types of communication structures are considered in the model. The results of numerical modeling illustrate the influence of some parameters of the model (control, influence power of agents on each other) on the optimal opinion dynamics.
Baseflow estimation in typical catchments in the Yellow River Basin, China
Authors: Hu Caihong , Zhao Dong , Jian Shengqi
Published: December 2020

Baseflow is crucial to maintaining river flow during low-rainfall periods. The baseflow estimation is important to water supply and ecological environmental protection in the Yellow River Basin (YRB), China. This paper comprehensively assessed the applicability of four single-parameter digital filtering, recursive digital filtering, and HYSEP (streamflow hydrograph separation) methods across four typical catchments in the Yellow River Basin: the Zuli River Basin, the Kuye River Basin, the Tuwei River Basin, and the Jingle sub-basin. We also investigated annual and monthly variations in baseflow. We found the standard deviation and coefficient of variation of baseflow index through recursive digital filter were relatively small. And the baseflow process line was smoother and more reasonable in typical year and typical storm-flood events, which conformed to the damping and hysteresis effect of the underlying surface. Thus the recursive digital filter method had the best performance, which was recommended for baseflow separation in the YRB. The estimated baseflow index of typical basins were between 0.354 and 0.502. In addition, inter-annual baseflow showed a decreasing trend and intra-annual baseflow was characterized by uneven distribution, which was subject to the characteristics of each basin.
Towards a standardization of biomethane potential tests: a commentary
Authors: Holliger Christof , Astals Sergi , de Laclos Hélène Fruteau , Hafner Sasha D. , Koch Konrad , Weinrich Sören
Published: December 2020

Inter-laboratory reproducibility of biomethane potential (BMP) is dismal, with differences in BMP values for the same sample exceeding a factor of two in some cases. A large group of BMP researchers directly addressed this problem during a workshop held in Leysin, Switzerland, in June 2015. The workshop resulted in a new set of guidelines for BMP tests published in 2016, which is the subject of the present commentary. The work has continued with two international inter-laboratory studies and one additional workshop held in Freising, Germany, in 2018. The dataset generated by the two inter-laboratory studies were used to refine the validation criteria for BMP tests. Based on these new results an update to the original guidelines is proposed here.
Advances in Biomedical Application of Nanocellulose-Based Materials: A Review
Authors: Yuan Qi , Bian Jing , Ma Ming-Guo
Published: December 2020

Background:

Recently, there has been increasing interest in nanomaterials processed
using renewable and sustainable resources. Nanocellulose-based materials are of
paramount value in the applications of biomedicine owing to their tailorable surface modification,
favorable optical transparency, good hydrophilicity, excellent biocompatibility,
and outstanding mechanical properties.

Objective:

In the review, the recent advancements of nanocellulose, including cellulose
nanofibers (CNFs), cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), and bacterial cellulose (BC), are summarized,
which are promising for biomedical applications.

Results:

By discussing different forms (one-dimensional (1D), two-dimensional (2D),
and three-dimensional (3D)), the superiority of the nanocellulose-based materials with
different constructed structures will be clarified for various biomedical applications, such
as biosensing, drug delivery, wound dressing, and tissue engineering.

Conclusion:

The challenges and prospects for the future development of nanocellulose-
based materials in biomedical applications are also discussed at the end of the review.
Electromagnetic Field in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Literature Review of Recent Preclinical and Clinical Studies
Authors: Ahmad Reem H.M.A. , Fakhoury Marc , Lawand Nada
Published: December 2020

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive
loss of neurons leading to cognitive and memory decay. The main signs of AD include the irregular
extracellular accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) protein in the brain and the hyper-phosphorylation of
tau protein inside neurons. Changes in Aβ expression or aggregation are considered key factors in the
pathophysiology of sporadic and early-onset AD and correlate with the cognitive decline seen in patients
with AD. Despite decades of research, current approaches in the treatment of AD are only symptomatic
in nature and are not effective in slowing or reversing the course of the disease. Encouragingly,
recent evidence revealed that exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) can delay the development of
AD and improve memory. This review paper discusses findings from in vitro and in vivo studies that
investigate the link between EMF and AD at the cellular and behavioural level, and highlights the
potential benefits of EMF as an innovative approach for the treatment of AD.
Počeci transplantacije bubrega u Rijeci i Hrvatskoj – sjećanje jednog sudionika
Authors: Orlić Petar
Published: December 2020

Transplantacija organa jedna je od najvećih pozitivnih tekovina 20. stoljeća. Pionirsku ulogu u liječenju kroničnog zatajivanja bubrega u Hrvatskoj odigrala je Kirurška klinika KBC-a Rijeka uz suradnju s imunolozima, nefrolozima, transfuziolozima i brojnim drugim specijalistima. Prva hemodijaliza u pacijenata s akutnim bubrežnim zatajivanjem učinjena je 1962. godine. U listopadu 1966. počela je redovita hemodijaliza pod vodstvom prof. dr. Jerka Zeca. To je bila osnova za program transplantacije bubrega. Ostale pripreme pod vodstvom prof. dr. Vinka Frančiškovića provodile su se tijekom nekoliko godina. Na psima smo učili operativnu tehniku transplantacije. Izučavanje kliničkih i imunoloških problema odvijalo se u okviru transplantacijske sekcije. Autor ovog teksta proveo je prvu polovicu 1969. godine na Nefrološkoj klinici pariške bolnice „Necker“ pod vodstvom prof. J. Hamburgera. U dogovoru s kirurgom Michelom Lacombom prisustvovao je i prof. Frančišković jednoj transplantaciji od živog darivatelja. Temeljite su pripreme rezultirale prvom transplantacijom bubrega 30. siječnja 1971. godine. Majčin bubreg presađen je 34-godišnjem pacijentu. Pacijent je umro 14,5 godina kasnije s funkcionirajućim bubregom. Prvi bubreg umrle osobe presađen je 15. svibnja 1972. godine. Darivatelj je bila žena čija je smrt utvrđena na temelju zastoja srca. Pacijent je umro šest mjeseci kasnije od milijarne tuberkuloze. Usprkos želji da se što više koristi umrla osoba kao darivatelj, tijekom dugog razdoblja veći dio naše aktivnosti činile su transplantacije od živog darivatelja, zbog pritiska mnogih pacijenata iz drugih krajeva Hrvatske i ostalih republika bivše države. Mali broj bubrega od umrle osobe davali smo pacijentima na listi čekanja prema pravilima odabira. Tako je, primjerice, više od 20 pacijenata iz Slovenije dobilo bubreg u Rijeci. Nesebično smo pomagali i ostalim centrima u početku njihove transplantacijske aktivnosti. Započinjanje transplantacijskog programa dovelo je do značajnog napretka riječke i hrvatske medicine.
Transplantacija bubrega u starijih
Authors: Orlić Lidija , Jelić Pranjić Ita
Published: December 2020

Broj starijeg stanovništva u stalnom je porastu, kao i udio starijih pacijenata s kroničnom bubrežnom bolesti. Općepoznato je da je transplantacija bubrega najbolja metoda nadomjesnog bubrežnog liječenja, ima najbolje rezultate preživljavanja i značajno utječe na poboljšanje kvalitete života. Transplantacija bubrega u starijih također je pokazala bolje preživljavanje. Zbog pratećih bolesti u ovoj skupini pacijenata potrebna je detaljna prijetransplantacijska obrada, posebno na kradiovaskularne i maligne bolesti. Starenjem se javljaju promjene u imunitetu, farmakokinetici i farmakodinamici lijekova, koje treba poznavati da bi se sastavio optimalni imunosupresivni protokol. U Kliničkom bolničkom centru Rijeka postoje dugogodišnja iskustva s transplantacijom bubrega u starijih primatelja.
Značajke anestezioloških postupaka kod transplantacije bubrega
Authors: Valenčić Lara , Koraca Chinchella Ivana , Juričić Kazimir
Published: December 2020

Transplantacija bubrega predstavlja najbolju metodu liječenja terminalne faze kronične bubrežne bolesti. Pripremu pacijenata za zahvat vodi tim u koji su uključeni nefrolog, kirurg – urolog, anesteziolog te liječnik obiteljske medicine, čija je međusobna suradnja nezaobilazni dio skrbi o pacijentu. U prijeoperacijskoj pripremi anesteziolog se susreće s brojnim komorbiditetima, kompleksnom anamnezom te širokim spektrom pacijentove medikamentozne terapije uz naglasak na kardiovaskularne bolesti koje predstavljaju najčešći uzrok smrtnosti u ovoj skupini pacijenata. Pojavnost hematoloških, metaboličkih, respiratornih i endokrinih bolesti česta je, te je iznimno važna optimalizacija pacijentova općeg stanja prije operacijskog zahvata. Transplantacija bubrega je zahvat koji se obično ne može planirati i prema njemu se treba ponašati kao prema hitnom zahvatu, čime se povećava rizik razvoja komplikacija. Za vrijeme samog zahvata koji se izvodi u općoj, balansiranoj anesteziji, uloga anesteziologa je poznavanje farmakokinetike i farmakodinamike lijekova te vođenje anestezije koja će omogućiti urednu funkciju perfuzije presatka, što se postiže održavanjem adekvatnih vrijednosti krvnog tlaka. Važno je pravovremeno započinjanje antibiotske i imunosupresivne terapije uz zadovoljavajuću analgeziju. U daljnjem poslijeoperacijskom tijeku nužno je rano prepoznavanje i prevencija mogućih komplikacija kako bi se spriječilo neželjeno odbacivanje bubrežnog presatka.
Transplantacijski program za bubreg u Kliničkom bolničkom centru Osijek
Authors: Samardžija Goran , Perković Josip , Samardžija Marina , Pavlović Oliver , Ferenac-Kiš Marina , Rončević Robert , Barbić Jerko , Ćosić Ivan , Sudarević Bojan , Prlić Damir , Zibar Lada
Published: December 2020

Cilj: Klinički bolnički centar (KBC) Osijek najmlađe je transplantacijsko središte za bubreg u Hrvatskoj. Prva presadba (TX, od engl. transplantation) u Osijeku učinjena je 2007. godine, u godini ulaska Hrvatske u Eurotransplant. Cilj istraživanja je prikazati rezultate transplantacije bubrega u KBC-u Osijek, od prve transplantacije učinjene 2007. godine do siječnja 2020. godine. Ispitanici i metode: U istraživanje su bili uključeni svi ispitanici (144) kojima je učinjena transplantacija bubrega u KBC-u Osijek. Iz medicinskih zapisa prikupljeni su demografski i medicinski podatci, vremenski podatci o dijalizi i TX-u te kreatininemiji kao mjeri funkcije presatka. Analiza preživljenja učinjena je Kaplan-Meierovim testom. Rezultati: Jednogodišnje preživljenje presatka cenzurirano za smrt s funkcionirajućim presatkom bilo je 93,8 %, a petogodišnje 88,9 %. Tijekom medijana praćenja od 7 godina (interkvartilni raspon, IQR, od engl. interquartile range, 4 – 9 godina), od min. 0 godina do maks. 13 godina, preživljenje pacijenata s funkcionirajućim presatkom bilo je 86,8 %. Medijan kreatininemije godinu dana nakon TX-a bio je 132 μmol/l (IQR 100 – 174 μmol/l ), od min. 48 μmol/l do maks. 492 μmol/l, a nakon pet godina 120 μmol/l (IQR 103 – 161 μmol/l), od min. 53 μmol/l do maks. 341 μmol/l. Zaključak: Rezultati bubrežnog TX-a u KBC-u Osijek bili su na razini europskih rezultata.
Измерения спектров гамма- и нейтронного излучения в ядерных реакциях с ионами -=SUP=-3-=/SUP=-He и -=SUP=-9-=/SUP=-Be
Authors: Ильясова М.В. , Шевелев А.Е. , Хилькевич Е.М. , Чугунов И.Н. , Дойников Д.Н. , Кудояров М.Ф. , Найденов В.О. , Полуновский И.А.
Published: December 2020

The results of the measurements of the neutron and gamma radiation produced in the
9 Be( 3 He,pγ) 11 B and 9 Be( 3 He,nγ) 11 C nuclear reaction at the 2.57 MeV energy of the 3 He ions are
represented. The measurements were carried out with organic scintillation detector BC-501A and
semiconductor HPGe spectrometers. Gamma-ray spectra were measured at 0°, 30°, 60°, 90° and
120° angles. The shapes of the gamma lines 6.9 MeV from the 9 Be( 3 He,nγ) 11 C reaction and 8.92
MeV from the 9 Be( 3 He,nγ) 11 C were obtained. The angular distribution of protons populating the
8.92 MeV energy level of the 11 B nucleus was reconstructed. The energy distribution of the
neutrons produced in the 9 Be( 3 He,nγ) 11 C reaction was measured (obtained).
Расчет прочности прозрачной брони на высокоскоростной удар сферическим поражающим элементом
Authors: Ищенко А.Н. , Афанасьева С.А. , Белов Н.Н. , Буркин В.В. , Дьячковский А.С. , Рогаев К.С. , Саммель А.Ю. , Степанов Е.Ю. , Чупашев А.В. , Югов Н.Т.
Published: December 2020

Within the framework of continuum mechanics, the calculations for shock interaction between a steel ball and a target made of transparent armoring with a velocity of 3000 m/s are made by means of computer modelling. The target consists of three layers. The front layer of transparent armoring is made of ALON, the middle layer is made of strained glass, the lower one is made of polycarbonate. The angle of a striker approaching a target and the thickness of a layer made of strained glass influencing a process of penetrating a target were investigated.
Исследование механизма наноструктурирования приповерхностных слоев титана при воздействии лазерными импульсами наносекундной длительности
Authors: Токмачева-Колобова А.Ю.
Published: December 2020

The microstructure of near-surface layers of submicrocrystalline (SMC) technical titanium brand VT1-0 after laser treatment under the water layer with nanosecond pulses with an irradiation power density of F=2 GW/cm2 was studied. The effect of significant reduction of the initial SMC structure to a nanostructured state in a thin near-surface layer with a thickness of about 1 µm was found. The possibility of implementing physical mechanisms of nanostructuring of near-surface layers associated with phase recrystallization or rotational dynamic recrystallization is considered.
Молекулярные комплексы глицина с катионами H-=SUP=-+-=/SUP=-, Ca-=SUP=-2+-=/SUP=- и фосфиноксидом H-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-PO
Authors: Тупикина Е.Ю. , Ястребов С.Г.
Published: December 2020

The paper presents results of quantum-chemical modelling of two types of molecular complexes of glycine with phosphine oxide H3PO interacting through a proton or a Ca2 + cation. It demonstrates that the formation of a glycine-Ca2 + - phosphine oxide complex is energetically more favourable than the origination of an aggregate assembling with a hydrogen bond. The results obtained allow us to hope for the use of free amino acids to reduce the concentration of calcium cations in areas damaged by calcifications.
Construcción en suelo ajeno a ciencia y paciencia del dueño del terreno
Authors: González González Manuel
Published: December 2020

This case note deals with a judgment delivered by the Supreme Court in 2018, in which it was understood that the phrasing “with the acquiescence of the landowner”, contained in the second part of article 669 of the Civil Code does not only refers to the knowledge of the landowner, but demands an additional element: a manifest or apparent authorization from her. Contrary to what the Supreme Court declared, this interpretation does not find support in the work of the jurist Luis Claro Solar.
Feeding Behavior of Phayre’s Leaf Monkey (Trachypithecus phayrei) and Capped Langur (Trachypithecus pileatus) in Dampa Tiger Reserve, Mizoram
Authors: Decemson Ht , Parida Abinash , Solanki G.S.
Published: December 2020

A study on feeding behavior of two primate species viz; Phayre’s leaf monkey (Trachypithecus phayrei, Blyth, 1847) and capped langur (Trachypithecus pileatus Blyth, 1843) was conducted during summer season (March–May, 2014) in Dampa Tiger Reserve (DTR), Mizoram, India. Study was carried out in the Terei range of forest reserve. A total of 87 plant species including bamboo were recorded in the area. Both species of primates (T. phayrei and T. pileatus) were studied for their food plant selection, diet composition, time budget for activities during day. Selection of trees to sleep at night was also observed. Capped langur selected 7 food plant species whereas Phayre’s leaf monkey selected 8 food plants. 40% of the plant species were common to both the primate species; however they showed a distinct variation in food plant preference. Phayre’s leaf monkey spent S 90% of feeding time on Musa ornata, Melacana baccifera and Dendrocalamus longispathus and S 80% Musa balbisiana, Gmelina arborea and Buetneria pilosa; an indication of preference for bamboo species and climbers. Capped langur spent feeding time S 90% on Ficus maclellendi and Ficus semicordata while other species were given comparatively less time. Both the species had consumed young leaves, flowers and fruits in their diet that constitute nearly 80% of the diet. Food items were drawn from different plants. The Phayre’s preferred Dendrocalamus longispathus, (98%) as sleeping site while the Capped langur selected Ficus benghalensis (90%) to sleep at night. Both the species are folivorous in nature but the selection of food plants, source of diet components and plants used to sleep at night were different that indicates that both species has distinct niche within the same habitat type; a very strong survival strategy.
Khar Yamaat Nature Reserve: Biodiversity, Ecosystem Features, Threats and Conservation Management
Authors:   Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, National University of Mongolia,  Ulaanbaatar 14201, Mongolia, Bayartogtokh Badamdorj , Munkhchuluun Basan ,   WWF Mongolia Programme Office, Amar street 4, Sukhbaatar district, P.O. Box 20A/115, Ulaanbaatar 14200, Mongolia, Jargalsaikhan Purevdorj ,   Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, National University of Mongolia,  Ulaanbaatar 14201, Mongolia, Bayarsaikhan Uudus ,   Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, National University of Mongolia,  Ulaanbaatar 14201, Mongolia
Published: December 2020

This paper addresses the ecosystem characteristics, biodiversity, conservation priorities, current threats and sustainable management of Khar Yamaat Nature Reserve, which lies in northeastern Mongolia. The formation of Khar Yamaat’s ecosystem and its biological diversity are unique in eastern Mongolia. Biogeographically, this nature reserve is located at the intersection between different phytogeographical regions, specifically the Central-Khalkh dry steppe, Mongol-Dahurian forest-steppe, and Eastern-Mongolian tall-grass steppe. As such, this nature reserve is home to a diverse complement of plants and animals representing the various ecoregions, was established in 1998 to protect 50,691 hectares of rocky-mountains surrounded by vast steppes. Khar Yamaat’s unique geological formation and assemblage of ecosystems have, since then, become an area of focus for environmental restoration and a center for research and monitoring. In general, the habitats of the nature reserve were found to be largely intact, if stressed to varying degrees, but wildlife populations appeared to be low. Anthropogenic influences, particularly heavy grazing by livestock, have threatened some species of vascular plants with extinction and reduced the abundance and distributions of a few other species. Serious threats included excessive or illegal take of plants and animals, overgrazing by livestock, human caused wildfires, climate change and associated drought, and mining in the buffer zone. In this paper, we discuss issues of conservation and sustainable management of Khar Yamaat Nature Reserve.
Extreme Users
Authors: Hildebrandt Danielle , Hindi Hanny
Published: December 2020

Qualitative segmentation is a blend of art and science. There are a variety of sampling methods researchers use to guarantee a pool of participants that is representative of their target market. But for innovation research, we suggest ignoring those squarely in the middle of your target market. Instead, look to extreme users who are indicative of the future. As William Gibson famously put it: “The future is already here—it’s just not very evenly distributed.” We believe that extreme users live where the future has already arrived. In addition, these users are more articulate about their problems or needs, and more likely to employ innovative workarounds and hacks. Extreme behaviors are powerful examples of human agency and the ability to challenge and transform dominant social structures. We will explore this framework with three case-study examples: Looking to transmen and transwomen for feminine care innovation, Hikikomori for future social spaces, and the Amish for clothing sustainability.
Perencanaan persediaan bahan baku amoxicillin menggunakan metode material requirement planning: studi kasus
Authors: Pratiwi Firda , Hasibuan Sawarni
Published: December 2020

PT. XYZ is a pharmaceutical company that produces Amoxicillin. In managing its inventory, PT XYZ has not done a good plan to determine the size of raw material orders. The existence of these problems, a study was conducted with the aim of determining Amoxicillin raw material inventory planning to eliminate the accumulation of raw materials at future. The initial stage is forecasting using three methods, namely Linear Regression, Exponential Smoothing and Moving Average. Of the three forecasting methods, the Linear Regression method provides the smallest error accuracy. The chosen method of forecasting must be carried out in advance of verification test (Moving Range) to be used as a basis for planning future raw material requirements. Furthermore, calculations are carried out using the MRP method to determine the size of the order lot for each raw material and reduce the cost of saving. The lot size technique used includes Lot for Lot (LFL), Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), and Fixed Period Requirement (FPR). Of the three lot size techniques used, the LFL method provides the lowest total cost of inventory.
One case of severe obesity with preserved ejection fraction heart failure treated by permanent cardiac pacemaker
Authors: Kan Hong , Zhang Jing , Li Xing , Wu Cai , Zhang Shuo , Wei Na , Shi Yu , Xiao Ling
Published: December 2020

A 54 year old male, with multiple diseases(such as severe obesity,
severe edema, atrial fibrillation, high atrioventricular block, global
enlargement (lA55mm LV 62mm RA 69*55mm RV 46mm)), was diagnosed as heart
failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). After treatment with
drugs and implanting permanent cardiac pacemaker, the patient’s edema
completely disappeared, weight loss of 42kg, heart failure symptoms
disappeared left ventricular shrinkage (LV 59mm).