bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multimodalities Imaging of Immunoglobulin 4-related Cardiovascular Disorders
Authors: Fathala Ahmed
Published: January 2019

Immunoglobulin 4 (IgG4)-related systemic disease (IgG4-RSD) is a systemic inflammatory
disease characterized by elevation of serum IgG4. IgG4-RSD can affect any organ in the body,
and the list of organs associated with this condition is growing steadily. IgG4-related cardiovascular
disease affects the coronary arteries, heart valves, myocardium, pericardium, aorta, pulmonary
and peripheral vessels. Echocardiography is the most commonly used non-invasive imaging
method. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) can assess aortitis, periarteritis and coronary
aneurysms. Coronary CTA is fast, offers high spatial resolution and a wide coverage field of view.
Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) offers a comprehensive evaluation of the cardiovascular
system including cardiac function, extent of myocardial fibrosis, characterise cardiac masses
with different pulse sequences and guide to further treatment. Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission
tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) can provide important information about
the extent of disease, the presence of active inflammation and the optimum biopsy site. In general,
the role of diagnostic imaging includes establishing the diagnosis, detecting complications, guiding
biopsy and documenting response to therapy.
Tetrahydrocurcumin, Curcumin, and 5-Fluorouracil Effects on Human Esophageal Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Pendleton Emily G. , Jamasbi Roudabeh J. , Geusz Michael E.
Published: January 2019

Background:

Esophageal cancer responds poorly to traditional therapies, and novel treatments are
needed. The phytochemical curcumin is a potential treatment for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
(ESCC). A curcumin metabolite, tetrahydrocurcumin (THCUR), has anti-cancer effects and greater bioavailability
than curcumin.

Objective:

Evaluate THCUR as an anti-cancer agent relative to curcumin and a standard cancer drug,
5-fluorouracil (5-FU), along with treatment interactions.

Materials and Methods:

Assay cell proliferation and viability following individual and combined delivery of
the compounds to three ESSC cell lines (TE-1, TE-8, and KY-5) that have different percentages of Cancer Stem
Cells (CSCs).

Results:

Curcumin was significantly more effective than 5-FU in all three cell lines. It also had the greatest
effect on KY-5 cells, which have the highest CSC properties, consistent with the ability of curcumin to target
CSCs. Effects on ESCC cell proliferation were not detected from 40µM THCUR, a dosage above the IC50 of
curcumin and 5-FU. However, THCUR at this dosage in combination with 5-FU significantly suppressed TE-1
cell proliferation, but 5-FU alone did not. As TE-1 has low CSC properties relative to the two other cell lines, it
was expected to have the least resistance to chemotherapeutic treatments. Surprisingly, TE-1 was the most resistant
to inhibition by 5-FU.

Conclusion:

These results and the greater stability and water solubility of THCUR than curcumin support further
testing of THCUR in combination with standard treatments, particularly for chemoresistant ESCC. In contrast
to concerns that curcuminoids taken by patients through diet or diet supplements might interfere with chemotherapy,
suppression of 5-FU efficacy by curcumin was not observed.
Can the Diving Industry Promote Marine Conservation and Enhance Environmental Awareness? (Sal Island, Cape Verde Case)
Authors: Oliveira Miguel Tiago , Erzini Karim , Bentes Luís , Santos Miguel Neves
Published: January 2019

Introduction:

The growth in tourism in the Cape Verdean Sal Island has been a cause as well as a consequence of a number of investments (both by the State and the private entities) to create synergies for that sector, ensuring and promoting the island’s touristic attractiveness. Such increases in the number of visitors, allied with the island’s marine biodiversity - that make up much of its economic potential - have caused the growth of the diving industry, which has become one of the biggest attractions for tourists. In light of the scarcity of scientific studies on the impacts associated with this activity and means for diver engagement, the local diving operators have proposed the development of several tools.

Method:

An Underwater Species Identification Guide and four underwater routes were proposed for four popular scuba diving sites off Santa Maria Bay (Sal Island, Cape Verde): “Kwarcit”, “Sargo”, “Três Grutas” and “Tchuklassa”. To better understand how the diving industry could promote environmental education, conservation and enhance biodiversity awareness among divers, we also established the diver tourists’ profile using an online survey.

Results:

A total of 347 respondents, of which 85% have higher education, showed that 67% stay more than seven nights in Cape Verde. Moreover, natural reefs are the 1stdive site to be visited, while artificial reefs preference increases after a second dive on the man-made reefs. The majority would recommend the use of the Underwater Species Identification Guide and the underwater routes.

The results showed that divers strongly embrace the use of new tools for better understanding of diving site biodiversity and that the diving industry can play an important role in the enhancement of biodiversity awareness.
Food-Web Structure and Functioning of Coastal Marine Ecosystems: Alvarado Lagoon and Adjacent Continental Shelf, Northern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Cruz-Escalona Víctor H. , Morales-Zárate María V. , Franco- López Jonathan , Abitia-Cárdenas Leonardo A. , Hernández-López Armando , Marín-Enríquez Emigdio , González-Acosta Adrián F.
Published: January 2019

Introduction:

The aim of the present study was to develop a trophic model characterizing simultaneously the structure and function of the two coastal marine ecosystems: Alvarado Lagoon, Mexico and adjacent continental shelf, important area for penaeid shrimps and demersal fish species.

Method:

The model was based on the assumption of biomass balance and describes the trophic relationships, flows of energy, and transfer efficiency of the food web, and includes 66 functional groups.

Results:

Results shows that 33% of the aggregate biological community biomass comes mainly second and third trophic levels. Size of aggregate flows as well as the transfer effectiveness among groups, results like those saw in other similar works. Connectance index (CI) was 0.12, meaning that there is only 12% only of the total theoretical connections exist. Results also shows that primary producers and detritus (lagoon and shelf) contribute with 60.1% of the total ascendency. Our work can be the basis for future research, which allow us to contrast alternate hypotheses about the functioning of the system.
STATE POSITION AMONG OF THE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY PARADIGM: REVIEW OF THE MEDIA LITERACY MOVEMENT BY DIY KPID AND BTKP DIY
Authors: Annisa Firly
Published: January 2019

The Democratic System of Pancasila that has been chosen by Indonesian founders give several consequences. The state needs to be responsible for regulating equality policies for every citizen. Not only about the issue of equitable economic resources but also equal access to information. In the context of the country, democracy and markets equal access to information can be understood as information technology paradigm. This paradigm means that all systems that use by technology information are defined by networking sense, which is an empowering citizen to influence a wide variety of processes. Through the observation and depth of methods, this research examines the role of the Yogyakarta Provincial Education and Sports Agency for educating students and the equitable distribution of information technology. The city was chosen as a research umbrella carried out by Media Literacy Activists Network in 2017. As result of this research shows that literacy education efforts were carried out by Indonesia Broadcasting Commision of Yogyakarta Special Region were still struggling in a protectionist perspective, while The Institute of Government Education Communication Technology in Yogyakarta Province is using creative media approach as an effort to use technology as part of empowerment.Sistem Demokrasi Pancasila yang dipilih oleh para pendiri bangsa Indonesia melahirkan beberapa konsekuensi logis. Diantaranya menuntut peran negara dalam mengatur kebijakan pemerataan keadilan. Keadilan tidak hanya pada persoalan pemerataan sumber-sumber ekonomi, namun juga pemerataan akses informasi. Dalam masyarakat, akses informasi ini di sebut sebagai paradigma teknologi informasi. Paradigma ini berarti ketika semua sistem yang menggunakan teknologi informasi didefinisikan oleh ‘logika jaringan’ yang memungkinkan mereka memengaruhi suatu varietas luas proses-proses dan organisasi-organisasi. Ketika “logika jaringan” tersebut telah terjadi dengan melimpahnya akses informasi di dunia maya lalu langkah-langkah seperti apa yang diterapkan oleh Negara khususnya Dinas Pendidikan dan Olahraga Provinsi Yogyakarta untuk mendidik siswa dan guru sebagai bagian dari pemerataan keadilan dalam teknologi informasi? Kota ini dipilih berkaitan dengan payung riset yang dilakukan bersama-sama dengan Jaringan Pegiat Literasi Media (Japelidi) pada tahun 2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen yang telah disusun melalui pengayaan teori digital literasi berkaitan dengan tujuan penelitian yaitu, memetakan aktivitas Literasi Digital. Melalui desk study, observasi dan wawancara mendalam sebagai metode, peneliti menemukan upaya pendidikan literasi yang dilakukan KPID DIY masih berkutat dalam perspektif proteksionis sedangkan BTKP DIY lebih pada pendekatan media kreatif sebagai upaya menggunakan teknologi sebagai bagian dari pemberdayaan.
The legal assessment of the crime of commercial advertising against public order and public morality
Authors: Al jaff Mohammed Rashid Hassan , Sharif Sarbast Taha
Published: January 2019

in this research we will examine the legal dimensions of this contemporary crime in Iraqi consumer protection law which was ordered in 2010 .then we will focus on the criminal framework of the mentioned crime clarifying its elements , in addition to that we will make controversial discussion regarding the determination of the crime . in this research we will make a presumption by which we will spouse that the commercial advertisements must be suitable with the public interest criteria and human dignity. thus by increasing of this commercial practices without controlling, consequently the legislator must enact the proportionate rules with depending on legal certainty. At al we will strive to clarify all these problematic issues in this research.
Noncontact Heart and Respiratory Rate Monitoring of Preterm Infants Based on a Computer Vision System: Protocol for a Method Comparison Study (Preprint)
Authors: Gibson Kim , Al-Naji Ali , Fleet Julie-Anne , Steen Mary , Chahl Javaan , Huynh Jasmine , Morris Scott
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND

Biomedical research in the application of noncontact methods to measure heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR) in the neonatal population has produced mixed results. This paper describes and discusses a protocol for conducting a method comparison study, which aims to determine the accuracy of a proposed noncontact computer vision system to detect HR and RR relative to the HR and RR obtained by 3-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) in preterm infants in the neonatal unit.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this preliminary study is to determine the accuracy of a proposed noncontact computer vision system to detect HR and RR relative to the HR and RR obtained by 3-lead ECG in preterm infants in the neonatal unit.

METHODS

A single-center cross-sectional study was planned to be conducted in the neonatal unit at Flinders Medical Centre, South Australia, in May 2018. A total of 10 neonates and their ECG monitors will be filmed concurrently for 10 min using digital cameras. Advanced image processing techniques are to be applied later to determine their physiological data at 3 intervals. These data will then be compared with the ECG readings at the same points in time.

RESULTS

Study enrolment began in May 2018. Results of this study were published in July 2019.

CONCLUSIONS

The study will analyze the data obtained by the noncontact system in comparison to data obtained by ECG, identify factors that may influence data extraction and accuracy when filming infants, and provide recommendations for how this noncontact system may be implemented into clinical applications.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID)

RR1-10.2196/13400
Diplomatic Correspondence: A Comparative Study on Malay and Javanese Letters in 1800s
Authors: Majid Gilang Maulana
Published: January 2019

A more established tradition may set an indirect consensus for thecommunication between rulers in any situation. This article identifies howdiplomatic correspondence was conducted and how different perceptions could actually be negotiated to attain certain goals. Two diplomatic letters – one from the Panembahan of Sumenep and one from the Sultanof Yogyakarta dispatched to Thomas Stamford Raffles to address Raffles’retirement during the British interregnum in Java from 1811 to 1816 –were analyzed. These letters were chosen due to the different scripts and languages used in the two letters: Classical Malay Jawi and Old Javanese'aksara Jawa'. By applying content analysis, this study finds that the Malay language was not only influential throughout the Indonesian archipelagoas a medium for verbal communication, but its letter-writing tradition even clearly affected its Javanese counterpart, setting a standard writing style for diplomatic letters.
Truth Tampering Through Social Media: Malaysia’s Approach in Fighting Disinformation & Misinformation
Authors: Mohd Yatid Moonyati
Published: January 2019

Though poorly defined and highly politicized, the term ‘Fake News’ has beenpopularized by the Trump administration in recent years. Scholars prefer to use terms such as Information Disorder, in particular Disinformation and Misinformation, to discuss this global concern. The dissemination of disinformation and misinformation is not new. However, the penetration of social media and messaging applications today enable such information to spread much faster, deeper and wider. Further, social media and messaging applications have become the public’s source of primary information. These platforms are fast-becoming a birthplace of the manipulation of truth andthe influencing of public opinion. The advancement of technology has alsobeen manipulated to create false information and add to the severity of the problem. The impact of disinformation and misinformation varies: fromfinancial difficulties faced by businesses to influencing the outcome of electionsto physical violence triggered by racial and religious tensions. This paper aims to explore: 1) How information disorder, in particular, disinformation and misinformation, are being disseminated through social media and instantmessaging platforms to influence public opinion; 2)How states respond to disinformation and misinformation; 3) Malaysia’s disinformation andmisinformation landscape and 4) Key areas for Malaysia to improve on, namely enhancing its current legal responses, developing digital literacy, heightening the accountability of social media platforms and strengthening the fact-checking mechanism.
Optimization of Embung Jinggring for Water Resources Development of the Sadar Watershed, Mojokerto, East Java
Authors: Jaya Reja Putra
Published: January 2019

Embung is a small reservoir which can reserve water exceeds during the rainy season and utilize it on dry season. It is utilized for many purposes, such as providing water for agricultural purposes, fishery, and household needs. Jinggring Weir which is located at Mojokerto Regency, East Java Province is planned to enhance as embung to be able to provide higher water demand services. An appropriate method of water demand optimization study is important for reservoir water management operation to estimate water supply reliability both used for irrigation as well as domestic water. The Mock method was used to analyze water availability, while irrigation, and domestic water requirement, global water balance, simulation of the reservoir operation was analyzed based on Standard Operating Rule (SOR) method. The linear program method is used to determine an appropriate amount of water released to reach the optimum value of water supply reliability. The result of the simulation of target released using SOR method showed that the embung reliability for irrigation and domestic purpose increased from 81.55% to 100% and 80.09% to 100%, respectively.
Water Quality Index Performance for River Pollution Control Based on Better Ecological Point of View (A Case Study in Code, Winongo, Gadjah Wong Streams)
Authors: Saraswati Sri Puji , Ardion Mochammad Venly , Widodo Yul Hendro , Hadisusanto Suwarno
Published: January 2019

The quality of river water quality monitoring data sometimes can be inaccurate. Evaluation of the effectiveness of water pollution control programs needs good quality data to calculate the Water Quality Index (WQI) with the aim to meet the requirement to protect biodiversity and maintain various water functions. Thirty-five water quality variables from Code, Gadjah Wong, and Winongo rivers were taken as data, conducted by Environmental Agency of Yogyakarta in 2004 – 2015. There were only 19 out of 35 water quality variables having good data after improvement of monitoring data, transformation/standardization and analysis of the significant water quality variables with PCA (Principle Component Analysis) and Factor Analysis (FA). WQIs formula in the three rivers used the same 5 significant variables i.e. EC, DO, COD, NH3N, Total Coliform, and "weighted sum index” as the sub-index aggregation technique, with different sub-index coefficients. Winongo River had the best water quality and Gajah Wong River was the worst. According to the relationship of river water discharge and WQIs index, large discharge during rainy seasons does not always decrease the level of pollution, but it tends to increase the WQIs. More effective ways to improve the stream water quality during dry seasons should further be investigated.
Italian lesson about getting women on the board five years after the implementation of the gender quota law
Authors: Pastore Patrizia
Published: January 2019

The gender quota Law No.120 of 12 July 2011 is the first example of affirmative gender action in Italian company law. This revolutionary Act has shown its effectiveness as well as its direct and indirect effects. In the first five years of its enforcement, Italy has achieved better results than expected: the number of board seats held by women has increased so significantly as to allow Italy to exceed the European average and to posit itself among the best European practices. However, the gender quotas imposed by law led to an excessive concentration of positions on a few women (similarly to male colleagues): that is, the expected increase in the number of women who have access to boards has not been registered, since the same women are nominated in multiple positions. This circumstance requires shifting attention from simple numbers (how many women on boards) to merit (which women on boards) and the possibility of giving visibility and opportunities to excellent and prepared women, able to express added value in terms of skills, style of leadership, management culture and relationship. Moreover, reasonably, for a more reliable assessment of the Italian gender quota Law, and its impact in terms of corporate governance quality and financial performance, an appropriate period of implementation is needed to assess its long-term effectiveness, when the compulsory gender quotas have ceased and to verify whether they actually led the companies to proceed spontaneously and with conviction in this direction, and not to avoid penalties provided for by the law. In view of this assessment, this paper aims to contribute to the research on women in corporate governance by highlighting some of open issues about female representantion on boards as well as the challenges for the future of the corporate governance in the Italian context.
The Relationship amongst Customer Satisfaction, Loyalty, Demographic and Tripographic1 Attributes: A Case of Star Rated Hotel Guests in Ethiopia
Authors: Tefera Orthodox , Migiro Stephen
Published: January 2019

The hospitality industry in general and hotels in particular attend to diverse guests and their expectations. The satisfaction of all hotels guests and retaining them as a loyal customer, given their different profiles, is imperative but challenging to the sector. This study aims to address this very issue by trying to establish the relationship amongst, customer satisfaction, loyalty, demographic and tripographic attributes by focusing on the hotel guests who stayed in star rated hotels in Ethiopia. Satisfaction was measured as satisfaction with the product, satisfaction with the employees and overall satisfaction. Likewise, customer loyalty was measured with the likelihood of customers to return to the same hotel in the future. â€œA total of 1200 questionnaires distributed to 40 hotels out of which 415 hotel guests responded, by completing the questionnairesâ€. â€œThe result of inferential statistical techniques reveals that there were significant positive relationships between the customer satisfaction variablesâ€ (products .488; p<0.001; staff .460; p<0.001), and the customerâ€™s willingness to stay in the same hotel again.â€ Though all variables of â€œcustomer satisfaction affected customer loyalty, the overall satisfaction variable had the highest standardized coefficient (0.328) with a statistical significance (p < 0.01), followed by satisfaction with the product (.227, p<.01), and satisfaction with employees (.190, p<.01). There was also no statistically significant difference (p>.05) in the mean scores of the customer satisfaction and loyalty across the gender, age, marital status and employment type groups of respondents. With regards to the tripographic variables, there was a statistically significant difference (P<.05) in the mean scores of both the customer satisfaction and loyalty across the staying preference of rated hotel types of customers. Additionally, there was a statistically significant difference (p>.05) in the mean scores of customer loyalty across a source of information on the hotel group of respondents. Hotel managers in Ethiopia need to look at the importance of segmentation of guest based on their demographics and tripographic factors so that they provide personalized service to enhance their customersâ€™ satisfaction that could lead to their loyalty.
Determinants of Social Entrepreneurial Intentions of University Students in South Africa
Authors: Fatoki Olawale
Published: January 2019

Entrepreneurial behaviour can be predicted by intentions. The study investigated the determinants of social entrepreneurial intentions (SEI) of university students in South Africa. The study adopted a quantitative research design that involved the use of a survey. The self-administered questionnaire method was used to collect data from the survey participants. The participants in the survey were final year undergraduate students of the Department of Business Management of two South African universities. Reliability was measured using the Cronbachâ€™s alpha. The data analysis methods for the study were descriptive statistics, principal component analysis and regression analysis. The results indicated that empathy, moral obligation, entrepreneurial self-efficacy and perceived social support are predictors of social entrepreneurial intentions. The recommendations to improve the SEI of university students focus on passive and active entrepreneurship teaching methods.
Organisational Commitment and Job Satisfaction as Antecedents of Organisational Citizenship Behaviour
Authors: Motaung Thembi Laura , Radebe Patrick Qena
Published: January 2019

Contemporary challenges facing organisations emphasise the need for a calibre of employees who exude organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB) and organisational commitment (OC), including a satisfactory level of job satisfaction (JS). Research is replete with supporting evidence that OCB is triggered by JS and that JS is positively related with OC. Although the relationship between these constructs is considered important, research exploring the relationship between these three constructs in the context of a water utility remains scarce. The primary objective of this research was to examine the impact of OC and JS on OCB at a water utility company in Gauteng. A survey was utilised to elicit responses from 400 sampled participants. A quantitative approach was adopted by which exploratory factor analysis (EFA), correlation and regression analyses were performed to analyse data. Using EFA, three factors of OC were extracted. The results further showed a positive correlation between affective commitment and normative commitment; JS and OCB; and no predictive relationship was observed between continuance commitment and OCB. Based on the findings, it was recommended that JS, OC and OCB should be improved through mechanisms such as job-fit, job enrichment career advancement performance-related pay and mentorship programmes.
Measuring Literacy Gap in the World for Economic and Social Development: Evidence from Selected Countries and the Lessons Learned
Authors: Osho Gbolahan S. , Ebalunode Arinola C.
Published: January 2019

Literacy rate is a major indicator of economic and social development, the campaign for growth and improvement in this area by several international organizations have caused significant growth in all major regions of the world. The persistent theme to these various programs is that illiteracy is nonetheless prevalent in the world and more study needed to eradicate it, thus generates a significant interest in this issue. Therefore, the primary goal of this current study is to compare five major regions in the world as classified by the World Bank in regards to the differences which exist in literacy. The study concludes that literacy rates of male and female across the regions are different for Youth literacy between the age of 15 and 24. The vast conclusion is that that there is a no significant difference in male literacy among the regions in the world except for Africa. While no significant difference in female literacy among the regions in the world.
The Nexus between Macro-Prudential Banking Regulation, Interest Rate Spread and Monetary Policy in South Africa
Authors: Batsirai Shayanewako Varaidzo , Tsegaye Asrat , Khamfula Yohane
Published: January 2019

This study is an empirical attempt to investigate the nexus between macro-prudential banking regulation, interest rate spread and monetary policy in South Africa. The effectiveness of monetary policy and alarmingly wide interest rate spread has been a contentious issue in the corridors of central banks across the globe in this lifetime. This has been largely because monetary policy alone proved to be less efficient in mitigating the effects of systemic risk, particularly during the 2007 financial crisis, necessitating the need for macro-prudential banking regulation. Time series dataset spanning from 1994Q1 to 2016Q4 is employed to carry out this study using the restricted Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model, that is, the Vector Error Correctional Model (VECM). The results show that there is no long-run causality running from trade openness, real exchange rate financial depth interest rate spread and credit growth to the repo rate in South Africa. A short run causality running from credit growth to the repo rate exists from the estimated model. In addition, the empirical results exhibited evidence that interest rate spread has a dampening effect on monetary policy but in the long-run this effect seems reversible in South Africa. Therefore, in order to ensure financial stability, care has to be taken by the South African Reserve Bank and government in choosing the best tool-kit of macro-prudential banking regulation as it can be used to disguise the symptoms of a lax monetary policy framework.
Development and Standardization of an Improved Type 1 Diabetes Genetic Risk Score for Use in Newborn Screening and Incident Diagnosis
Authors: Sharp Seth A. , Rich Stephen S. , Wood Andrew R. , Jones Samuel E. , Beaumont Robin N. , Harrison James W. , Schneider Darius A. , Locke Jonathan M. , Tyrrell Jess , Weedon Michael N. , Hagopian William A. , Oram Richard A.
Published: January 2019

OBJECTIVE

Previously generated genetic risk scores (GRSs) for type 1 diabetes (T1D) have not captured all known information at non-HLA loci or, particularly, at HLA risk loci. We aimed to more completely incorporate HLA alleles, their interactions, and recently discovered non-HLA loci into an improved T1D GRS (termed the “T1D GRS2”) to better discriminate diabetes subtypes and to predict T1D in newborn screening studies.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

In 6,481 case and 9,247 control subjects from the Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium, we analyzed variants associated with T1D both in the HLA region and across the genome. We modeled interactions between variants marking strongly associated HLA haplotypes and generated odds ratios to create the improved GRS, the T1D GRS2. We validated our findings in UK Biobank. We assessed the impact of the T1D GRS2 in newborn screening and diabetes classification and sought to provide a framework for comparison with previous scores.

RESULTS

The T1D GRS2 used 67 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and accounted for interactions between 18 HLA DR-DQ haplotype combinations. The T1D GRS2 was highly discriminative for all T1D (area under the curve [AUC] 0.92; P < 0.0001 vs. older scores) and even more discriminative for early-onset T1D (AUC 0.96). In simulated newborn screening, the T1D GRS2 was nearly twice as efficient as HLA genotyping alone and 50% better than current genetic scores in general population T1D prediction.

CONCLUSIONS

An improved T1D GRS, the T1D GRS2, is highly useful for classifying adult incident diabetes type and improving newborn screening. Given the cost-effectiveness of SNP genotyping, this approach has great clinical and research potential in T1D.
P-glycoprotein functional activity in «soviet chinchilla» rabbits during pregnancy
Authors: Popova Natalia M. , Shchulkin Aleksey V. , Chernykh Ivan V. , Esenina Anna S. , Gradinar Maria M. , Nikiforova Larisa V. , Ryabkov Alexander N. , Yakusheva Elena N.
Published: January 2019

P-glycoprotein (Pgp, ABCB1-protein) is a membrane transporter protein that plays the key role in pharmacokinetics of drugs with a broad spectrum of action. Substrates of this transporter are some medical drugs (antibacterial, antiretroviral, hypotensive) that are prescribed to pregnant women for long-term intake, sometimes throughout the whole gestation period.
Aim to study the activity of Pgp on the organism level in rabbits of Soviet Chinchilla breed in pregnancy.
Materials and Methods. The study was performed on 21 Soviet Chinchilla female rabbits (3000-3500 g). The animals were divided into 3 series. The first series (n=6) included rabbits with 7 days of pregnancy; the second series (n=5) - animals with 14 days of pregnancy; the third series (n=10) - rabbits with 21 days of pregnancy. 7 Days before the study and in the indicated gestation periods, functional activity of Pgp was assessed by the pharmacokinetics of marker transporter substrate – fexofenadine, after its single oral introduction (67.5 mg/kg). Besides, serum concentrations of progesterone, estradiol, testosterone and prolactin were determined by radio immune method
Results. In all the studied gestational periods, serum concentrations of estradiol, testosterone and prolactin did not significantly differ from those before pregnancy, but the level of progesterone in blood serum was significantly elevated above the norm. On the 7th day of pregnancy pharmacokinetic parameters of fexofenadine did not show any reliable changes as compared to the initial va-lues. On the 14th day of pregnancy a reliable increase in Cmax, AUC0-t, T1/2 of fexofenadine was noted as compared to the parameters before pregnancy, which indicates a decrease in Pgp functional activity on the organism level. On the 21st day of pregnancy Cmax of fexofenadine remained elevated. Other pharmacokinetic parameters of fexofenadine did not show reliable changes. Conclusion. Reduction in Pgp functional activity, determined by the pharmacokinetics of its marker substrate (fexofenadine), was noted in rabbits of Soviet Chinchilla breed on the 14th and 21st days of pregnancy with the underlying significant increase in progesterone level.
Island-raised but foreign-made: Lived experiences, transnational relationships, and expressions of womanhood among Cape Verdean migrant women in Greater Lisbon
Authors: Lam Kaian
Published: January 2019

Cape Verdeans have migrated to many parts of the world. In Portugal, they are prominent demographically and socially. The archipelago of Cape Verde presents a unique combination of colonial past, immigration history and geographical features that complexifies a study of interpersonal and spatial relationships. The present study has two aims. It seeks to illustrate how Cape Verdean migrant women in Greater Lisbon live, define and negotiate their relationships with people and places, given the transnational configuration of contemporary migration. It also attempts to highlight how these women exercise creativity in expressions and assertions of womanhood. Based on fieldwork, I suggest that Cape Verdean migrant women are historically, socially, and culturally situated subjects. Not only do they possess the capacity to forge meaningful relationships, but they also navigate a sea of multiple and overlapping identities and belongings. They reassess and appropriate interpersonal and spatial relationships with reference to distinct ideas and criteria drawn from their migratory experiences. Taken together, their lived experiences reflect on their self-image as women, mothers, migrants and citizens.
Serum Lipid Profile and Its Association with Hypertension among Mongolian Adults
Authors: Bayart Nandin-Erdene , Batsaikhan Saruuljavkhlan , Yondonjamts Pilmaa , Dansran Purevsuren , Lkhaasuren Galsumiya , Turbat Bayaraa , Tserendorj Badamsed , Batjargal Sodgerel
Published: January 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum lipid profile and hypertension among Mongolian adults. Methods: This population-based cross-sectional study was conducted between January and June 2018 in Mongolia. According to current European Society of Cardiology guidelines, hypertension was defined as an average systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg. Lipid profile (total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipid [HDL], cholesterol and low-density lipid [LDL]-cholesterol) and fasting plasma glucose as well as Apolipoprotein B (ApoB), Apolipoprotein A (ApoA) and a ratio of apoB/apoA1 were estimated. Results: This study included 998 participants with a mean age ± SD of 49.4±14.8 years. Serum levels of TC, TG, and LDL were 4.8±0.93, 1.58±1.19 and 3.23±0.9 mmol/L, respectively among males, and 4.5±0.96, 1.22±0.48 and 2.95±1, respectively in females, which were significantly lower (p<0.05). The serum HDL was significantly lower (p<0.01) in males (1.67±0.22mmol/L) than in females (1.85±0.21). Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that people with hypertension are more likely have higher dyslipidemia, including elevated TC, TG, LDL and reduced HDL cholesterol level compared to a normotensive group. However, according to the binary logistic regression analysis, the most significant elevations of BP were attributed to age and reduced HDL.
Fen Bilimleri Dersi Etkinliklerinin Çok Yüzeyli Rasch Modeliyle Analizi
Authors: KAYA UYANIK Gülden , GÜLER Neşe , TAŞDELEN TEKER Gülşen , DEMİR Süleyman
Published: January 2019

Bu araştırmanın amacı, altıncı sınıf fen bilimleri ders kitabında yer alan sekiz ünitenin içerisinde bulunan etkinliklerin çok yüzeyli Rasch ölçme modeli ile incelenmesidir. Araştırmada yapılandırmacı eğitimin, öğrenciyi merkeze alma ve üründen çok süreci değerlendirmeye yönelik tutumunun etkin kullanım alanı olan etkinliklere odaklanılmıştır. Araştırmada fen bilimleri dersi 6. sınıf ders kitabında yer alan sekiz etkinlik; üçü fen bilimleri, üçü program geliştirme ve üçü ölçme ve değerlendirme olmak üzere toplam dokuz alan uzmanından oluşan puanlayıcılar tarafından incelenmiştir. Puanlayıcılar etkinlikleri 13 ölçütten oluşan etkinlik değerlendirme formu ile değerlendirmişlerdir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre puanlayıcılar etkinlikleri tutarlı olarak puanlamışlardır. Etkinliklerin, değerlendirme ölçütlerine göre benzer özelliklere sahip olduğu ve ölçütlerin ise güçlük düzeyleri açısında farklılık gösterdikleri bulguları elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca, ölçütlerin kategori düzeylerinin yeterli ve uygun işlev gösterdikleri belirlenmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen tüm bulgulara göre; birden fazla yüzeyin yer aldığı ve tüm yüzeylerin ayrıntılı olarak incelenmek istendiği çalışmalarda çok yüzeyli Rasch ölçme modelinin oldukça açıklayıcı ve faydalı sonuçlar sağladığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
Yansıtıcı Düşünme Etkinliklerinin Altıncı Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Matematik Tutumuna Etkisi
Authors: ERDOĞAN Fatma , ŞENGÜL Sare
Published: January 2019

Araştırmanın amacı, yansıtıcı düşünme etkinliklerinin altıncı sınıf öğrencilerinin matematik tutumu üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Araştırma, ön test-son test kontrol gruplu yarı deneysel model kapsamında düzenlenmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu 72 altıncı sınıf öğrencisinden oluşmaktadır. Dersler, deney grubunda yansıtıcı düşünme etkinlikleriyle işlenmiştir. Kontrol grubunda ise mevcut matematik dersi öğretim programına uygun bir matematik öğretimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veri analizinde bağımlı ve bağımsız örneklemler t-testi, ayrıca grupların son test puanları arasındaki farkı belirlemek için kovaryans analizi (ANCOVA) kullanılmıştır. Bulgulara göre, deneysel uygulamaların ardından, deney grubundaki öğrencilerin matematik dersine yönelik tutumlarının kontrol grubundaki öğrencilere kıyasla anlamlı seviyede yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Araştırmada ulaşılan bulgulara dayanarak, yansıtıcı düşünme etkinliklerinin öğrencilerim matematik tutumları üzerinde pozitif etkisinin olduğu söylenebilir. Elde edilen bulgular göz önüne alınarak, araştırma sonunda, yansıtıcı düşünme etkinlikleri ile araştırma yapacak araştırmacılara yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur.
Saldırganlık Tüm DEHB´li Erkek Çocuklarında Aynı Biçimde midir?
Authors: ULU ERCAN Elif
Published: January 2019

Bu
çalışmanın amacı, DEHB alt tiplerinde saldırganlık biçimindeki  farklılıkların değerlendirilmesidir. DEHB
olan ve saldırgan davranışları olan toplam 326 erkek öğrenci çalışmanın
örneklemini oluşturmaktadır. Çocukların yaş ortalaması 9.95 ± 2.03
şeklindedir.  Saldırgan davranışların
DEHB + DVB grubunda, kullanılan tüm değerlendirme ölçeklerinde DEHB ve DEHB +
KOKGB tanı grupları ile karşılaştırıldığında anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek olduğu
saptanmıştır. DEHB + KOKGB, sözel saldırganlık ile daha fazla ilişkilidir,
ancak DEHB + DVB genellikle daha şiddetli saldırgan davranışlarla ilişkilidir.
KOKGB+ DEHB'li hastalarda görülen saldırgan davranışlar ciddi olarak ele
alınmalıdır çünkü DVB tanısını yordamada önemli bir noktadır.
Matematik Bir Bilim Dalı Mıdır? Matematik Öğretmen Adaylarının Bilim-Matematik İlişkisine Dair Algıları
Authors: EŞ Hüseyin , ÖZDEMİR Atilla , KAPLAN Makbule
Published: January 2019

Bilimsel ve teknolojik gelişmelerin insanlığa sağladığı ka-zanımlar bilimi toplumsal hayatımızın önemli bir parçası haline getirmektedir. Ancak günümüz toplumunda bu kadar önemli bir yere sahip olan bilim kavramını tanımlamak hangi alanın bilimin sınırları içerisinde hangisinin ise dışında kal-dığını belirtmek çok da kolay görünmemektedir. Günlük yaşantımızdan bilimsel ve teknolojik çalışmalara kadar pek çok alanda kullandığımız ve vazgeçilmezimiz olan matemati-ğin gerçekte bir bilim olup olmadığı ise üzerinde tartışılan bir konudur. Bu çalışmada bu konu üzerinde durulmuş ve Mate-matik öğretmen adaylarının genel anlamda bilim ve matema-tiğe dair algılarının, söz konusu algıların ışığında oluşmuş bilim – matematik ilişkisine dair düşünceleri inceleme konusu yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunun belirlenmesi, veri toplama kaynakları ve verilerin analizi süreçlerinde nitel metodoloji esas alınmıştır. Çalışma grubunda bir devlet üniversitesinin eğitim fakültesinde öğrenim görmekte olan 38 (20 erkek, 18 kız) matematik öğretmen adayı bulunmaktadır. Araştırmanın verilerini toplamak amacıyla araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen ve yedi açık uçlu sorudan oluşan Bilim-Matematik Algısı Formu (BMAF) kullanılmıştır.  Araştırmada ulaşılan veriler içerik analizi ile nitel metodolojiye uygun olarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma bulguları incelendiğinde katılımcıların bilim ile teknoloji arasındaki ayrımı net olarak yapamadıkları, bilimsel yöntemi açıklarken bilimsel bilgiye ulaştıran tek bir hiyerarşik yolu ifade etmeye çalıştıkları, matematiksel bilgi üretim sürecini problem çözümü ve ispat süreci olarak değerlendirdikleri ve önemli bir kısmının mate-matiği bir bilim dalı, bir kısmının ise bilime yardımcı bir alan olarak değerlendirdikleri görülmüştür.
Occult bacteraemia in cardiac implantable electronic device patients: a review of diagnostic workflow and mandatory therapy
Authors: Golzio Pier Giorgio , Magnano S. Lio Massimo , Bongiorni Maria Grazia
Published: January 2019

Cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) implantation has greatly increased, with an associated exponential increase in CIED infections (CDIs). Cardiac device related infective endocarditis (CDRIE) has high morbidity and mortality: approximately 10–21%. Therefore, a prompt diagnosis and radical treatment of CDRIE are needed; transvenous lead extraction (TLE) is the mainstay for the complete healing, even if associated with wide logistic problems, high therapeutic costs and high mortality risk for patients. Some criticisms about the value of Duke criteria and their limitations for the diagnosis of CDRIE are known. The significance of classic laboratory data, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), considered in the Duke score, are reviewed and critically discussed in this article, with regard to the specific field of the diagnosis of CDI. The need for new techniques for achieving the diagnostic reliability has been well perceived by physicians, and additional techniques have been introduced in the new European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and British Heart Rhythm Society (BHRS) guidelines on infective endocarditis. These suggested techniques, such as 18-Fluorodeoxyglucose PET/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT), white blood cell PET (WBC PET) and lung multislice CT (MSCT), are also discussed in the study. This short review is intended as an extensive summary of the diagnostic workflow in cases of CDI and will be useful for readers who want to know more about this issue.
DESKRIPSI STRUKTUR LAHAN REHABILITASI MANGROVE DI KABUPATEN PROBOLINGGO PROPINSI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Gemaputri Ariesia Ayuning
Published: January 2019

Kawasan hutan mangrove di Jawa Timur terdapat di sepanjang pantai utara mulai Kabupaten Tuban sampai dengan Kabupaten Situbondo seluas sekitar 19.916 hektar (Perum Perhutani, 1994). Keberadaan hutan mangrove tersebut kini semakin memprihatinkan, dimana penyusutan hutan mangrove di Kabupaten Probolinggo mencapai 580 hektar pada tahun 2001 (Kompas, 2001), dan 229,5 hektar di Kabupaten Situbondo (Pemerintah Kabupaten Situbondo, 2005). Dengan laju penurunan hutan mangrove yang demikian cepat, maka diperkirakan hutan mangrove akan lenyap pada tahun 2010 (Ramono, 2003). Kegiatan rehabilitasi hutan mangrove yang dilaksanakan sampai saat ini hanya terbatas pada penanaman pohon-pohon mangrove yang rusak karena penebangan, padahal keberhasilan upaya rehabilitasi juga sangat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi lahan, jenis mangrove, dan tata cara penanaman. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan pada 3 (tiga) lokasi di pantai utara Jawa Timur bagian timur menunjukkan bahwa, tanah-tanah didominasi oleh fraksi pasir (13,80-94,92 %), pH asam (8,06-8,94), tingkat salinitas tinggi (0,2302-2,4843 %), kapasitas tukar kation rendah (7,8837-27,2901 me/100g), dan kandungan bahan organik rendah (0,1851-2,4675 %). Sehingga jenis mangrove yang dapat direkomendasikan untuk ditanam di Kabupaten Probolinggo pada zona paling dekat dengan darat (belakang) adalah Ceriops decandra, dan Ceriops tagal, pada zona tengah antara lain Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, dan Xylocarpus mollucensis, pada zona paling dekat dengan laut (depan) adalah Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, dan Rhizophora stylosa.
TOLERANSI BAHAN ORGANIK PADA EFEKTIFITAS PEMAKAIAN AGENS HAYATI UNTUK MENINGKATAN PRODUKSI DAN KUALITAS KOPI ROBUSTA Di PERKEBUNAN KALIJOMPO KECAMATAN SUKORAMBI JEMBER
Authors: Hartatie Dian , Fatimah Titien
Published: January 2019

Penelitian di laksanakan di Kalijompo. Sukorambi kabupaten Jember dengan luasan 1,6 Ha, Tahun 2007 s/d 2008 pada ketinggian tanah 640 dpl, kelembaban 85-90% jenis tanah Inceptisol, Pusat Penelitian Kopi KakaoÂ  Se Indonesia Desa Kaliwining Kabupaten Jember, Laboratorium hama dan penyakit Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Negeri Jember.Â Metode penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok 2 faktor di ulang 3 kali, dengan uji lanjutan Uji berganda DMRT dengan taraf 5%. Adapun factor pertama (I) yaitu pemakaian bahan organic (A) dengan perlakuan : A1= bekas pangkasan, A2 = pupuk kandang (kotoran ternak), A3Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  = bekas pangkasan/kulit kopi + jerami padi (1 : 1),A4= bekas pangkasan/kulit kopi + kotoran ternak (1 : 1). Sedangkan factor ke-dua (II) yaitu : pemakaian agen hayati (B): B1Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  = control, B2Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  = pestisida, B3Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  = Jamur B.bassiana (agen hayati),B4 = Nematoda Steinernema sp (agen hayati)Â Hasil tahun pertama : 1) perlakuan pemanfaatan bahan organik pada parameter pengamatan pada produksi, redemen kopi tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata, 2) perlakuan pemakaian hayati pada parameter pengamatan jumlah larva, jumlah imago, memberikan pengaruh yang nyata, 3) pemanfatan bahan organik (A) dan pemakaian agenhayati (B) terhadap peningkatan produksi dan kualitas kopi Robusta pada panen tahun pertama, terjadi interaksi pada parameter pengamatan tingkat serangan pada biji yang terserang hama H.hampei .dan parameter jumlah biji yang terserang hama H.hampei. Dan tahun kedua diperoleh hasil penelitian: 1) bahan organik memberikan pengaruh yang nyata pada parameter tingkat serangan hama H. Hampei, 2) pPemakaian agens hayati tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata pada semua parameter perlakuan, 3) pemanfaatan Bahan Organik ada efektifitas pemakaian agens hayati untuk meningkatkan produksi dan kualitas kopi robusta terjadi interaksi pada parameter pengamatan produksi beras.