bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgendered inmates
Authors: Kaufman Randi , Kapila Kevin , Appelbaum Kenneth L.
Published: May 2015

The lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) population has been, and remains, disenfranchised in many ways. Despite increasing acceptance of sexual orientation, evidenced by recent strides in legalizing gay marriage in several states, LGBT people continue to have a higher prevalence of mental illness due to minority stress than heterosexuals. Factors such as stigma, prejudice, and discrimination lead to increased incidence of mental suffering as a result of stressful, hostile, and often unsafe environments. Prejudice within the LGBT community around race, gender, disability, or mental illness also exists. Transgender individuals have a high risk of being targeted for violence and hate crimes, harassment and discrimination, unemployment and underemployment, poverty, homelessness, substance abuse, suicide, and self-harm. The stressors that LGBT individuals face likely contribute to their disproportionate risk of contact with the criminal justice system beginning in adolescence and extending into adulthood. Transgender individuals in particular have a risk for incarceration, for reasons ranging from imprisonment based on gender identity expression alone to the need to earn money through the underground economy due to difficulty finding employment. In addition to homophobia and transphobia, LGBT individuals with mental illness experience further stigmatization. Clinicians need to understand the multiple stigmas that may affect an individual’s willingness to seek mental health care. The unique needs of incarcerated LGBT individuals with mental illness are often invisible, and generally misunderstood and underserved. This chapter seeks to add to the clinical knowledge of practitioners working with this population, to clarify legal precedent, and to establish best practices.
Leadership, training, and educational opportunities
Authors: Patterson Raymond F.
Published: May 2015

Correctional settings hold a range of opportunities for Psychiatrists to assume leadership roles. The increase in the number of detainees and inmates who require mental health services has created numerous administrative and clinical opportunities for psychiatrists. The ‘front end’ of arrest and pretrial determinations has been a longstanding component of forensic practice, related to competence, criminal responsibility, and probation. Following incarceration, assessment of mental health needs, access to care, and provision of treatment as well as quality improvement partially constitute the jail and prison components of mental health services. The ‘aftercare’ aspect of mental health services in correctional psychiatry involves individuals released on parole with need and/or requirement for mental health treatment. The leadership role for psychiatrists working in correctional environments is distinctly different from typical psychiatric venues where the psychiatrist and other mental health professionals are ‘in control;’ in correctional environments, the dynamics are different and require collaboration and advocacy. Within correctional systems it is essential that ‘correctional culture’ be understood by the psychiatric/mental health leadership. With effective psychiatric leadership, mental health care delivery and its coordination with correctional management of prisoners both stand to be improved. The need for dedicated and qualified leadership for mental health services and appropriate education and training in correctional mental health practices provide remarkable opportunities for psychiatrists. Psychiatrists and other health care professionals must be educated and trained to provide the necessary leadership for these extraordinarily complex systems of care and confinement.
Correctional Mental Health Research and Program Evaluation
Authors: Wolff Nancy
Published: May 2015

Research in mental health issues in prisoner populations essentially stopped in the mid 1970’s. It is now re-emerging as a critical component of improving mental health care and helping toward recovery for the incarcerated mentally ill. Mental illness, ranging from acute anxiety to schizophrenia, is endemic within prisons and jails. Unlike their free world counterparts, however, incarcerated people have a constitutional right to mental health treatment. Yet, despite the need for and right to mental health treatment, remarkably little reliable and valid evidence is available on the nature and level of mental illness among incarcerated people, the effects of incarceration on symptomatology, the availability and quality of medication, cognitive, and psychosocial treatment for disorders, and how context impacts the effectiveness of the treatment that is available. Evidence is absent because corrections-based research is constrained by regulation, financing, and inexperience. In this chapter, the history of prisoner research and the evolution of federal regulations to protect prisoners as human subjects will be reviewed and then discussed in terms of how regulation has impacted correctional mental health research, after first defining what is meant by research and why research is needed to inform policy and practice decisions. This will be followed by recommendations for building the correctional mental health research evidence base. The intent here is to help researchers, in collaboration with stakeholders, develop, design, and implement research studies, and disseminate evidence to advance science and the quality of care available to incarcerated people with mental illnesses within the current regulatory environment.
Clinical approach
Authors: Provan Drew , Baglin Trevor , Dokal Inderjeet , de Vos Johannes
Published: May 2015

History taking in patients with haematological disease - Physical examination - Splenomegaly - Lymphadenopathy - Unexplained anaemia - Patient with elevated haemoglobin - Elevated white blood cell (WBC) count - Reduced WBC count - Elevated platelet count - Reduced platelet count - Easy bruising - Recurrent thromboembolism - Pathological fracture - Raised ESR - Serum or urine paraprotein - Anaemia in pregnancy - Thrombocytopenia in pregnancy - Prolonged bleeding after surgery - Positive sickle test (HbS solubility test)
Leukaemia
Authors: Provan Drew , Baglin Trevor , Dokal Inderjeet , de Vos Johannes
Published: May 2015

Acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML) - Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) - Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) - Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL) - Prolymphocytic leukaemia (PLL) - Hairy cell leukaemia and variant - Large granular lymphocyte leukaemia (LGLL) - Adult T-cell leukaemia-lymphoma (ATLL)
Myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: Provan Drew , Baglin Trevor , Dokal Inderjeet , de Vos Johannes
Published: May 2015

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) - Pathogenesis of the MPNs - Polycythaemia vera (PV) - Natural history of PV - Management of PV - Secondary erythrocytosis - Relative erythrocytosis - Idiopathic erythrocytosis - Essential thrombocythaemia - Reactive thrombocytosis - Primary myelofibrosis - Chronic neutrophilic leukaemia - Eosinophilic syndromes and neoplasms - Mastocytosis (mast cell disease) - Systemic mastocytosis - MPN—unclassifiable
Paraproteinaemias
Authors: Provan Drew , Baglin Trevor , Dokal Inderjeet , de Vos Johannes
Published: May 2015

Paraproteinaemias - Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) - Asymptomatic multiple myeloma (‘smouldering’ myeloma) - Multiple myeloma - Variant forms of myeloma - Cryoglobulinaemia - POEMS syndrome (osteosclerotic myeloma) - Plasmacytoma - Waldenström macroglobulinaemia - Heavy chain disease - AL (1° systemic) amyloidosis
Immunodeficiency
Authors: Provan Drew , Baglin Trevor , Dokal Inderjeet , de Vos Johannes
Published: May 2015

Congenital immunodeficiency syndromes - Acquired immune deficiencies - HIV infection and AIDS - Therapy of HIV infection
Paediatric haematology
Authors: Provan Drew , Baglin Trevor , Dokal Inderjeet , de Vos Johannes
Published: May 2015

Blood counts in children - Red cell transfusion and blood component therapy—special considerations in neonates and children - Polycythaemia in newborn and childhood - Neonatal anaemia - Anaemia of prematurity - Haemolytic anaemia in the neonate - Congenital red cell defects - Acquired red cell defects - Haemolytic disease of the newborn - Hyperbilirubinaemia - Neonatal haemostasis - Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia - Congenital dyserythropoietic anaemias - Congenital red cell aplasia - Acquired red cell aplasia - Fanconi anaemia - Rare congenital marrow failure syndromes - Neutropenia in childhood - Disorders of neutrophil function - Childhood immune (idiopathic) thrombocytopenic purpura - Haemolytic uraemic syndrome - Childhood cancer and malignant blood disorders - Childhood lymphoblastic leukaemia - Childhood lymphomas - Childhood acute myeloid leukaemia - Childhood myelodysplastic syndromes and chronic leukaemias - Histiocytic syndromes - Haematological effects of systemic disease in children
Protocols and procedures
Authors: Provan Drew , Baglin Trevor , Dokal Inderjeet , de Vos Johannes
Published: May 2015

Acute leukaemia: investigations - Platelet reactions and refractoriness - Prophylactic regimen for neutropenic patients - Guidelines for use of IV antibiotics in neutropenic patients - Treatment of neutropenic sepsis: source unknown - Treatment of neutropenic sepsis: source known/suspected - Prophylaxis for patients treated with purine analogues - Tumour lysis syndrome - Administration of chemotherapy - Antiemetics for chemotherapy - Intrathecal chemotherapy - Management of extravasation - Specific procedures after extravasation of cytotoxics commonly used in haematology - Anticoagulation therapy: heparin - Oral anticoagulation with VKA - Oral anticoagulation with NOAC - Management of needlestick injuries - Chemotherapy protocols - ABVD - BEACOPP/escalated BEACOPP - BEAM/LEAM - Bortezomib/dexamethasone - CHOP 21 and CHOP 14 - ChlVPP - CODOX-M/IVAC ± R - CTD and CTDa - DHAP ± R - ESHAP ± R - FC ± R - ICE ± R - Lenalidomide/dexamethasone - MPT - Mini-BEAM ± R - Nordic schedule (R-maxi-CHOP and R-high-dose cytarabine for MCL) - PMitCEBO - R-Bendamustine - R-CHOP - R-CVP and CVP - Rituximab: monotherapy and maintenance therapy - Stanford V
Haematological investigations
Authors: Provan Drew , Baglin Trevor , Dokal Inderjeet , de Vos Johannes
Published: May 2015

Full blood count - Blood film - Plasma viscosity - ESR - Haematinic assays - Haemoglobin electrophoresis - Haptoglobin - Schumm’s test - Kleihauer test - Reticulocytes - Urinary haemosiderin - Ham’s test - Immunophenotyping - Cytogenetics - Human leucocyte antigen (HLA) typing
Blood transfusion
Authors: Provan Drew , Baglin Trevor , Dokal Inderjeet , de Vos Johannes
Published: May 2015

Introduction - Using the blood transfusion laboratory - Transfusion of red blood cells - Platelet transfusion - Fresh frozen plasma - Intravenous immunoglobulin - Transfusion transmitted infections - Irradiated blood products - Strategies for reducing blood transfusion in surgery - Maximum surgical blood ordering schedule (MSBOS) - Patients refusing blood transfusion for religious reasons, i.e. Jehovah’s Witnesses
Simultaneous multifrequency radio observations of the Galactic Centre magnetar SGR J1745−2900
Authors: Torne P. , Eatough R. P. , Karuppusamy R. , Kramer M. , Paubert G. , Klein B. , Desvignes G. , Champion D. J. , Wiesemeyer H. , Kramer C. , Spitler L. G. , Thum C. , Güsten R. , Schuster K. F. , Cognard I.
Published: May 2015

We report on simultaneous observations of the magnetar SGR J1745−2900 at frequencies ν = 2.54–225 GHz using the Nançay 94-m equivalent, Effelsberg 100-m, and IRAM 30-m radio telescopes. We detect SGR J1745−2900 up to 225 GHz, the highest radio frequency detection of pulsed emission from a neutron star to date. Strong single pulses are also observed from 4.85 up to 154 GHz. At the millimetre band we see significant flux density and spectral index variabilities on time scales of tens of minutes, plus variability between days at all frequencies. Additionally, SGR J1745−2900 was observed at a different epoch at frequencies ν = 296–472 GHz using the APEX 12-m radio telescope, with no detections. Over the period MJD 56859.83-56862.93 the fitted spectrum yields a spectral index of 〈α〉 = −0.4 ± 0.1 for a reference flux density 〈S154〉 = 1.1 ± 0.2 mJy (with Sν ∝ να), a flat spectrum alike those of the other radio-loud magnetars. These results show that strongly magnetized neutron stars can be effective radio emitters at frequencies notably higher to what was previously known and that pulsar searches in the Galactic Centre are possible in the millimetre band.
Correlation of Macular Ganglion Cell Complex Thickness With Frequency-doubling Technology Perimetry in Open-angle Glaucoma With Hemifield Defects
Authors: Hayashi Keiko , Araie Makoto , Konno Shinsuke , Tomidokoro Atsuo
Published: May 2015

Purpose:

To understand better the relationship between the macular ganglion cell complex (mGCC) thickness and visual field sensitivity assessed by frequency-doubling technology (FDT) perimetry in the standard automated perimetry (SAP) normal hemifields of glaucomatous eyes, a model of preperimetric stage of glaucoma.

Patients and Methods:

Thirty-four eyes of 34 patients with glaucomatous visual field defects restricted to the superior or inferior hemifield were included. Patients underwent the mGCC and circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cpRNFL) thickness measurements using spectral domain optical coherence tomography and the FDT testing with N-30 full-threshold protocol. SAP and FDT sensitivity values were averaged in the area corresponding to thickness measurements and the thickness sensitivity relationships were assessed in the SAP normal and SAP abnormal halves (Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient).

Results:

FDT sensitivity was significantly correlated with both the cpRNFL and mGCC thicknesses either in the SAP normal (ρ=0.384 and 0.462, respectively) or in the SAP abnormal (ρ=0.402 and 0.717, respectively) halves. Correlation between the FDT sensitivity and the mGCC thickness was significantly (P=0.016) stronger than that with the cpRNFL thickness in the SAP abnormal half. SAP sensitivity was correlated significantly (ρ=0.570) only with the mGCC thickness in the SAP abnormal half.

Conclusions:

Similarly strong correlations of the mGCC thickness with the FDT sensitivity in the SAP normal and SAP abnormal halves, but not with the SAP sensitivity, indicates that the mGCC thickness and the FDT sensitivity may be more optimal structure-function indicator in preperimetric stage of glaucoma.
A Case Study of the Environmental Experience of a Hospitalized Newborn Infant With Complex Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Daniels Jacki M. , Harrison Tondi M.
Published: May 2015

Background:

Infants with complex congenital heart disease are at high risk for developmental delays. Although the etiology of these delays is multifactorial, the physical environment may be a contributory factor. Extensive studies have been conducted in neonatal intensive care units measuring environmental influences on development, resulting in policy and practice changes. Cardiothoracic intensive care units and cardiac step-down units are new environments in which newborns with heart disease receive care. No environmental studies have been conducted in units caring for newborn infants recovering from cardiac surgery.

Objective:

The aim of this study is to examine the environmental experience of a newborn infant with heart disease after surgical intervention within the first month of life.

Methods:

Measurements of illumination, sound levels, and sleep were recorded on 1 infant for 2 consecutive postoperative days in the cardiothoracic intensive care unit and 2 consecutive days in the step-down unit.

Results:

Although average daily noise exposure remained below recommended guidelines on 3 of 4 days, the infant experienced intermittent periods of excessive noise (≥55 dBA) during 59 of 87 hours and 110 episodes of acute noise events greater than 70 dBA. Average daily light exposure was below the recommended guidelines. However, light levels were more than twice the recommended levels at multiple points daily. For each of the 4 observation days, the infant experienced 66 to 102 awakenings during sleep, and sleep durations were less than 30 minutes 90% of the time.

Conclusions:

This study provides the first report of potential environmental stressors in newborn infants cared for in cardiac specialty units. Excessive levels of light and noise as well as frequent interruptions for medical and nursing care may contribute to disorganized sleep and increased patient distress and may impact subsequent neurodevelopment. Studies are needed to identify potentially adverse aspects of the intensive caregiving environment for newborn infants who have undergone cardiac surgery.
Sphingobacterium mucilaginosum sp. nov., isolated from rhizosphere soil of a rose
Authors: Du Juan , Singh Hina , Won KyungHwa , Yang Jung-Eun , Jin Feng-Xie , Yi Tae-Hoo
Published: May 2015

A Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, motile, short-rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain THG-SQA8T, was isolated from rhizosphere soil of rose in PR China. Strain THG-SQA8T was closely related to members of the genus Sphingobacterium, showed the highest sequence similarities with Sphingobacterium multivorum KACC 14105T (98.0 %) and Sphingobacterium ginsenosidimutans KACC 14526T (97.4 %). DNA–DNA hybridization showed values of 35.2 ± 0.9 % and 8.8 ± 0.3 % DNA reassociation with S. multivorum KACC 14105T and S. ginsenosidimutans KACC 14526T, respectively. Chemotaxonomic data revealed that strain THG-SQA8T possesses menaquinone-7 as the only respiratory quinone, and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c), iso-C15 : 0 and C16 : 0 as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipid was phosphatidylethanolamine. The DNA G+C content was 40.7 mol%. These data corroborated the affiliation of strain THG-SQA8T to the genus Sphingobacterium. Thus, the isolate represents a novel species, for which the name Sphingobacterium mucilaginosum sp. nov. is proposed, with THG-SQA8T as the type strain ( = CCTCC AB 2014317T = KCTC 42503T).
Spatial extent of neighboring plants influences the strength of associational effects on mammal herbivory. Insights from a meta-analysis
Authors: Champagne Emilie , Tremblay Jean-Pierre , D. Côté Steeve
Published: May 2015

There is high variability in the level of herbivory between individual plants from the same species with potential effects on population dynamics, community composition, and ecosystem structure and function. This variability can be partly explained by associational effects i.e. the impact of the presence of neighboring plants on the level of herbivory experienced by a focal plant, but it is still unclear how the spatial scale of plant neighborhood modulates foraging choice of herbivores; an inherently spatial process in itself. Using a meta-analysis, we investigated how spatial scale modifies associational effects on the susceptibility to browsing by herbivores with movement capacities similar to deer. From 2496 articles found in literature databases, we selected 46 studies providing a total of 168 differences of means in damage by herbivores or survival to woody plants (mostly) with and without neighboring plants. Spatial scales were reported as distance between plants or as plot size. We estimated the relationships between the effect sizes and spatial scale, type of associational effects and nature of the experiment using meta-analysis mixed models. The strength of associational effects declined with increasing plot size, regardless of the type of associational effects. Associational defences (i.e. decrease in herbivory for focal plants associated with unpalatable neighbors) had stronger magnitude than associational susceptibilities. The high remaining heterogeneity among studies suggests that untested factors modulate associational effects, such as nutritional quality of focal and neighboring plants, density of herbivores, timing of browsing, etc. Associational effects are already considered in multiple restoration contexts worldwide, but a better understanding of these relationships could improve their use in conservation, restoration and forest exploitation when browsing is a concern. This study is the first to investigate spatial patterns of associational effects across species and ecosystems, an issue that is essential to determine differential herbivory damages among plants.
Optical anomaly in artificial cubic hieratite, K2[SiF6]
Authors: Göbel Ole F. , ten Elshof Johan E. , Kaminsky Werner , Hannss Matthias
Published: May 2015

Crystals of K2[SiF6] were grown in agar gel, silica gel and jelly. Crystals grown in agar gel or jelly exhibit birefringence and consist of six double refracting growth sectors, each having the shape of a tetragonal pyramid. Nevertheless, the structure of the crystals from agar gel could be refined as cubic (space group Fm\bar{3}m) with a weightedRfactor of 0.043. The amount of birefringence was estimated by the Senarmont compensation method and the rotating polarizer method.
Structural insights intoM2O–Al2O3–WO3(M= Na, K) system by electron diffraction tomography
Authors: Andrusenko Iryna , Krysiak Yaşar , Mugnaioli Enrico , Gorelik Tatiana E. , Nihtianova Diana , Kolb Ute
Published: May 2015

TheM2O–Al2O3–WO3(M= alkaline metals) system has attracted the attention of the scientific community because some of its members showed potential applications as single crystalline media for tunable solid-state lasers. These materials behave as promising laser host materials due to their high and continuous transparency in the wide range of the near-IR region. A systematic investigation of these phases is nonetheless hampered because it is impossible to produce large crystals and only in a few cases a pure synthetic product can be achieved. Despite substantial advances in X-ray powder diffraction methods, structure investigation on nanoscale is still challenging, especially when the sample is polycrystalline and the structures are affected by pseudo-symmetry. Electron diffraction has the advantage of collecting data from single nanoscopic crystals, but it is frequently limited by incompleteness and dynamical effects. Automated diffraction tomography (ADT) recently emerged as an alternative approach able to collect more complete three-dimensional electron diffraction data and at the same time to significantly reduce dynamical scattering. ADT data have been shown to be suitable forabinitiostructure solution of phases with large cell parameters, and for detecting pseudo-symmetry that was undetected in X-ray powder data. In this work we present the structure investigation of two hitherto undetermined compounds, K5Al(W3O11)2and NaAl(WO4)2, by a combination of electron diffraction tomography and precession electron diffraction. We also stress how electron diffraction tomography can be used to obtain direct information about symmetry and pseudo-symmetry for nanocrystalline phases, even when available only in polyphasic mixtures.
Aperiodic crystals and beyond
Authors: Grimm Uwe
Published: May 2015

Crystals are paradigms of ordered structures. While order was once seen as synonymous with lattice periodic arrangements, the discoveries of incommensurate crystals and quasicrystals led to a more general perception of crystalline order, encompassing both periodic and aperiodic crystals. The current definition of crystals rests on their essentially point-like diffraction. Considering a number of recently investigated toy systems, with particular emphasis on non-crystalline ordered structures, the limits of the current definition are explored.
Crystal structure of (E)-3-allyl-2-sulfanylidene-5-[(thiophen-2-yl)methylidene]thiazolidin-4-one
Authors: El Ajlaoui Rahhal , Rakib El Mostapha , Mojahidi Souad , Saadi Mohamed , El Ammari Lahcen
Published: May 2015

Molecules of the title compound, C11H9NOS3, are built up by one thiophene and one 2-thioxathiazolidin-4-one ring which are connected by a methylene bridge. In addition, there is an allyl substituent attached to nitrogen. The two rings are almost coplanar, making a dihedral angle between them of 0.76 (11)°. The allyl group is oriented perpendicular to the mean plane through both ring systems. The crystal structure exhibits inversion dimers in which molecules are linked by pairs of C—H...O hydrogen bonds. Additional π–π interactions between neighboring thiophene and 2-thioxathiazolidin-4-one rings [intercentroid distance = 3.694 (2) Å] lead to the formation of a three-dimensional network.
Corrosion protection of steel by poly(3-hexylthiophene) polymer blends
Authors: Hernández-Martínez Diego , León-Silva Ulises , Nicho Maria Elena
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of thermal treatment on the corrosion protection of steel by using poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and P3HT/PS(polystyrene) or P3HT/PMMA(polymethyl methacrylate) blends coatings in sulfuric acid solution.

Design/methodology/approach

– The polymer coatings were thermally treated at two different temperatures (100 and 200°C, respectively) and were compared with the polymer coatings dried at room temperature in their application as protective coatings against corrosion of A36 steel. The corrosion resistance of polymer coatings-covered steel substrates was evaluated by using potentiodynamic polarization curves and linear polarization resistance.

Findings

– At 25 and 100°C, polymer coatings showed a better protection of the A36 steel, and the corrosion rate diminished in three orders of magnitude with regard to the bare steel. Morphological study showed that the increased temperature benefited the integration of the two polymeric phases; however; the temperature of 200°C affected the film quality, generated cracks and holes, which affected the barrier properties of the coatings.

Research limitations/implications

– The research involved the synthesis and physicochemical characterization of the polymeric coatings (P3HT, PS/P3HT y PMMA/P3HT), as well as their application as coatings in the steel to prevent corrosion. The effect of thermal treatment of the protective coatings on steel corrosion was studied.

Practical implications

– This paper aims to contribute to reducing the problem of metal corrosion through the use of polymer coatings.

Social implications

– Today, majority of metal surfaces are subject under the protection to prevent a very common phenomenon, that is corrosion. Corrosion is the result of chemical reactions that occur between a metal or a metal alloy and its environment. Corrosion creates a degradation of the material that has an impact on some economic, environmental and even social aspects, here the great importance of its protection.

Originality/value

– It is shown in this study that the P3HT coating provides better corrosion protection of the A36 steel than the PS and PMMA coatings. However, mixtures of P3HT with PMMA and PS protected the steel from corrosion by two and three orders of magnitude similar to the simple P3HT coating. Polymer blends improved adhesion to the substrate and mechanical property of the coating, and in addition, the polymer blends made cheaper coating.
Macau gambling industry: current challenges and opportunities next decade
Authors: Liu Matthew Tingchi , Chang Tina Tsing Gya , Loi Edmund H. N. , Chan Andrew Chi Hong
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– The viewpoints from industry briefly review the success in last decade, analyze what challenges and difficulties came across currently and forecast opportunities/development in next decade of Macau gambling industry. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

– Practitioners from banking and gambling industries offered their cutting-edged analysis and viewpoints with scholars’ observation.

Findings

– Macroeconomic and political factors in China are the principal direct cause of Macau’s gambling revenue decline in 2014, implicating the vulnerability and unsustainability associated with the VIP business model of gambling industry. Although Macau continues to face challenges since late 2014, the prospect of Macau gambling industry is still optimistic in the long term, as there are emerging positive catalysts which will boost demand. From casino operators’ perspective, they should continue to try to increase revenue from mass market and non-gambling business by relocating the resource and adding more non-gambling amenities.

Originality/value

– This paper provides a fresh perspective, and a new line of thinking with regard to how gambling industry in Macau will develop in next decade since 2015. It therefore potentially directs a new path of research in the area.
Category captain arrangements in grocery retail marketing
Authors: Chimhundu Ranga , Kong Eric , Gururajan Raj
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to examine shelf management practices of grocery retail chains and their category captains (CCs) in the marketing of consumer packaged goods.

Design/methodology/approach

– This is a qualitative, exploratory study that is set in a duopoly retail environment in the Asia-Pacific region. The study employed 18 in-depth interviews with executives and managers of two umbrella retail organisations and their suppliers/manufacturers. The method of data analysis employed was content analysis.

Findings

– Despite CC input in merchandising decisions, it is the retail chains that have the final say on shelf matters. There is no risk of strategic loss of power in employing CCs to manage store product categories on behalf of, or in partnership with retailers provided the retail chains closely monitor the activities and decisions/recommendations of the captains.

Research limitations/implications

– The paper is developed from data obtained from the grocery retail industry of one economy. Future research would need to extend this study to other economies with similar as well as different conditions.

Practical implications

– The research offers reassurance to grocery retail practitioners who may be contemplating lessening the burden of managing all their store categories by themselves and switching to CC arrangements. The reassurance is that the reported risk associated with loss of power is manageable.

Originality/value

– The paper has created a typology termed the “category captain arrangement/grocery retail concentration matrix” and specific directions for further research.
Demand creating service
Authors: Chang Feng-Chung , Lee Tzong-Ru (Jiun-Shen) , Yen Szu-Wei
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to develop a model not only for determining the key factors in selecting optimal international express suppliers, but also for extracting the priority strategic suggestions of management for international express suppliers.

Design/methodology/approach

– The proposed model comprises two parts. The first part identifies suitable criteria for evaluating international express supplier by reviewing studies from 1989 to 2009, after which the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is applied to determine the relative weights of the criteria. The second part adopts grey relational analysis to extract five priority managing strategies from which 16 strategies are developed based on three concern factors derived from the first part.

Findings

– The results show customers’ top three concerns when selecting international express companies. In addition, the results show the five priority strategic suggestions to international express suppliers.

Research limitations/implications

– The research has two major limitations. First, this study was conducted using a sample of companies operating in Taiwan. Thus, other countries such as Japan and South Korea should be examined in future research. Second, this study focuses on the application of fuzzy AHP techniques to identify key selection criteria and service strategies of international express suppliers. Other important aspects, such as performance evaluation and performance prediction in the selection of international express suppliers, were not involved in this study because of the limited research scope.

Originality/value

– The proposed model helps international express suppliers enhance their competitiveness and raise their customers’ satisfaction.
Overcoming trade logistics challenges: Asia-Pacific experiences
Authors: Shepherd Ben , Hamanaka Shintaro
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to identify major challenges that Asia-Pacific policy makers face in drawing up international logistics policies, and to seek possible solutions to the problems.

Design/methodology/approach

– Case study method: the paper includes seven case studies that attempt to address various types of logistics challenges. The paper introduces both intra- and extra-regional examples of the ways in which those challenges have been overcome in particular contexts through concerted action by government and the private sector.

Findings

– There are a lot of interesting experiences of overcoming logistics challenges, both inside and outside the Asia-Pacific region. Good practice experiences can be replicated by other countries in the region.

Originality/value

– While there have been a lot of discussions on logistics policy reforms, this paper is one of the first attempts that clearly link challenges with concrete case experiences where those are overcome. The paper discusses very practical issues in an analytically sound manner, using case method.
Evaluating logistics capability for mitigation of supply chain uncertainty and risk in the Australian courier firms
Authors: Wang Michael , Jie Ferry , Abareshi Ahmad
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– Logistics capability is an important ability for transport and logistics firms to deliver the value and services to the customers. In contrast, supply chain uncertainty and risk is an issue in supply chain and logistics to obstruct the delivery. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate and understand the logistics capability, and to provide empirical evidence for logistics capability mitigating supply chain uncertainty and risk in the Australian courier firms.

Design/methodology/approach

– This study examines the relationship between logistics capability and supply chain uncertainty and risk. Partial least squares approach for structural equation modelling is applied for data analysis involving the interplay of theoretical thinking and empirical data. Empirical data are collected through a web-based survey. Total 98 Australian courier firms are identified and invited in the study.

Findings

– Based on the factor analysis, the authors identify the key factors of logistics capability for the Australian courier firms. This would help both academics and practitioners to have a better understanding of logistics capability in the transport ad logistics firms. In addition, results indicate that there is a negative relationship between logistics capability and supply chain uncertainty and risk in the Australian courier firms.

Research limitations/implications

– The result in support of logistics capability mitigating supply chain uncertainty and risk. It also makes a contribution to logistics risk management literature. The paper focuses on the Australian courier industry. Therefore, any generalisation to other countries or sectors must be made with caution.

Originality/value

– This paper provides an insight into supply chain uncertainties and risks management. This would result in the development of a practical guidance for practitioners developing and deploying logistics capability to support and enable supply chain risk management strategies.
Race, citizenship and national identity in The School Paper, 1946-1968
Authors: Healy Sianan
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to explore representations of Aboriginal people, in particular children, in the Victorian government’s school reader The School Paper, from the end of the Second World War until its publication ceased in 1968. The author interrogates these representations within the framework of pedagogies of citizenship training and the development of national identity, to reveal the role Aboriginal people and their culture were accorded within the “imagined community” of Australian nationhood and its heritage and history.

Design/methodology/approach

– The paper draws on the rich material available in the Victorian Department of Education’s school reader, The School Paper, from 1946 to 1968 (when the publication ceased), and on the Department’s annual reports. These are read within the context of scholarship on race, education and citizenship formation in the post-war years.

Findings

– State government policies of assimilation following the Second World War tied in with pedagogies and curricula regarding citizenship and belonging, which became a key focus of education departments following the Second World War. The informal pedagogies of The School Paper’s representations of Aboriginal children and their families, the author argues, excluded Aboriginal communities from understandings of Australian nationhood, and from conceptions of the ideal Australian citizen-in-formation. Instead, representations of Aboriginal people relegated them to the outdoors in ways that racialised Australian spaces: Aboriginal cultures are portrayed as historical yet timeless, linked with the natural/native rather than civic/political environment.

Originality/value

– This paper builds on scholarship on the relationship between education, reading pedagogies and citizenship formation in Australia in the post-war years to develop our knowledge of how conceptions of the ideal Australian citizen of the future – that is, Australian students – were inherently racialised. It makes a new contribution to scholarship on the assimilation project in Australia, through revealing the relationship between government policies towards Aboriginal people and the racial and cultural qualities being taught in Australian schools.
Making the middle class: schooling and social class formation
Authors: Campbell Craig
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– As the Australian working class continues its decline, sociological and historical scholarship has begun to focus more on the middle class. The purpose of this paper is to explore the historiography and social theory concerning the middle class, and argues that the ways in which middle class families use schools have been a powerful force in the formation of that class.

Design/methodology/approach

– This paper reviews the author’s own work on this topic, the work of other scholars, and suggests a number of social practices that middle class families employ as they school their children.

Findings

– The ways that many families operate in relation to the schooling of their children constitute a significant set of social class practices, that in turn assist in the continuing formation of the middle class itself. The social and policy history of schooling can expose the origins of these practices.

Research limitations/implications

– This paper originated as an invited key-note address. It retains characteristics associated with that genre, in this case putting less emphasis on new research and more on a survey of the field.

Originality/value

– In the early twenty-first century, the relevance of social class analysis for understanding a great range of social and historical phenomena is in retreat. This paper argues the continuing importance of that kind of analysis.
Seeking the voices of Catholic Teaching Sisters: challenges in the research process
Authors: Garaty Janice , Hughes Lesley , Brock Megan
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to encourage historical research on the educational work of Catholic Sisters in Australia which includes the Sisters’ perspectives.

Design/methodology/approach

– Reflecting on the experiences of research projects which sought Sisters’ perspectives on their lives and work – from archival, oral and narrative sources – the authors discuss challenges, limitations and ethical considerations. The projects on which the paper is based include: a contextual history of a girls’ school; a narrative history of Sisters in remote areas; an exploration of Sisters’ social welfare work in the nineteenth century, and a history of one section of a teaching order from Ireland.

Findings

– After discussing difficulties and constraints in accessing convent archives, issues in working with archival documents and undertaking a narrative history through interviews the authors suggest strategies for research which includes the Sisters’ voices.

Originality/value

– No one has written about the processes of researching the role of Catholic Sisters in Australian education. Whilst Sisters have been significant providers of schooling since the late nineteenth century there is a paucity of research on the topic. Even rarer is research which seeks the Sisters’ voices on their work. As membership of Catholic women’s religious orders is diminishing in Australia there is an urgent need to explore and analyse their endeavours. The paper will assist researchers to do so.
Business advisory services and risk among start-ups and young companies: a gender perspective
Authors: Kremel Anna , Yazdanfar Darush
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– This study aims to investigate the demand for business advisory services by owners of start-ups and young companies by taking a gender perspective. The study also examines whether risk-taking is more characteristic of masculine than feminine behaviour in this context.

Design/methodology/approach

– A literature review examines business advisory services and risk aversion from a gender perspective. The empirical data are derived from interviews with owners of more than 2,700 start-ups and young companies in Sweden. A number of key variables compare how the company owners (women and men) view business advisory services as a way to overcome risk and to gain access to information in networks. Several statistical tests are used to analyse these data.

Findings

– Women owners of start-ups and young companies use more and different business advisory services than men owners. There are differences among the men owners and women owners with regard to the amount of start-up capital, company size and industry sector. Given the risks associated with start-up, business advisory services are important to women in helping them reduce their risk in the start-up and early stages of their companies.

Research limitations/implications

– Companies in Sweden’s largest city, Stockholm, were not included in the sample. Financial data were not used as variables.

Practical implications

– Policymakers should address women owners’ greater demand for business advisory services in their companies’ early stages.

Originality/value

– This study’s originality is its gender perspective on the demand for business advisory services by start-ups and young companies and its challenge to previous findings about entrepreneurial behaviour and risk-taking.
The life cycle in women-owned businesses: from a qualitative growth perspective
Authors: Dalborg Cecilia
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to investigate women-owned businesses from a life cycle perspective and with a qualitative growth approach. Building on previous research that has identified qualitative growth platforms, this paper takes into account the time aspect and investigates perceived barriers and support needs inside different qualitative growth platforms.

Design/methodology/approach

– The study took place in Sweden and is based on 191 women entrepreneurs in a first survey and 101 women entrepreneurs in a follow-up questionnaire three years later. To answer the research questions, descriptive frequency analysis and logistic regression analysis techniques have been used.

Findings

– The motivation of growth changes throughout the life cycle, and women entrepreneurs move between different qualitative growth platforms when required building blocks of previous platforms have been established and secured. In this transfer of growth ambition, a significant correlation between business age and intrinsic growth aspiration was identified. Initially, growth is extrinsically motivated and later on in the life cycle, it is intrinsically motivated. In the late life cycle, the motivation is extrinsically motivated again. The results discern barriers to growth that hinder movement from extrinsic to intrinsic business platforms, and the author argues that the transfer of growth ambition from one growing platform to another requires different types of advice and support from the surrounding community.

Research limitations/implications

– By broadening the view of growth to include both a quantitative and qualitative approach, it is possible to identify a widespread growth ambition in women-owned businesses which experience various barriers and supportive needs. Business programs that encourage exchange of experience among entrepreneurs in various growth platforms might be a way to overcome the perceived barriers. As women’s businesses only receive a low proportion of the government funding, they are prevented from developing their growth ambitions. To ensure that all forms of growth are stimulated, different measures are required depending on which stage in their life cycle the women-owned businesses belong to.

Originality/value

– By considering business growth from a qualitative perspective, barriers and needs that the traditional approach may overlook can be highlighted. For example, growth aspiration in terms of more employees will not be considered until the previously, qualitative growth platforms are established and secured. The support system, however, is designed to only favor growth in terms of employment, which results in difficulties to qualify for financial support.
Women and apparel entrepreneurship
Authors: Hodges Nancy , Watchravesringkan Kittichai , Yurchisin Jennifer , Karpova Elena , Marcketti Sara , Hegland Jane , Yan Ruoh-Nan , Childs Michelle
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this study was to explore strategies used by successful female entrepreneurs to manage the challenges of running a small apparel business.

Design/methodology/approach

– A qualitative research design was used. Primary and secondary data were collected on small business in three countries: Russia, South Africa and Thailand. In-depth interviews were conducted with a total of 11 female small apparel business owners. Businesses ranged from tailoring and custom clothing shops, to small-scale design and production, as well as small apparel retail stores.

Findings

– Three emergent themes highlight the similarities and differences that surfaced across the participants’ narratives. Key issues within the thematic areas point to the need for these women to be creative in finding resources to start and grow their small apparel businesses, and to manage the competition that they face within this industry.

Research limitations/implications

– It is difficult to generalize the findings of this study beyond the sample. Implications of the findings for understanding the needs of female apparel entrepreneurs and small business owners are considered.

Originality/value

– Despite the significance of women to the apparel industry as well as small business ownership, thus far, the role of women as apparel entrepreneurs and small business owners has been under-examined in the literature. This study offers insight into what it is like for women seeking to succeed as apparel entrepreneurs and small business owners.