bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Contribution to Rupert Taylor’s Critique of Consociationalism in Northern Ireland
Authors: Kalashnikov Antony
Published: January 2019

Political scientists John McGarry and Brendan O’Leary’s liberal consociational model argues that a power-sharing political settlement can be effective in resolving ethnic conflict.  Political scientist Rupert Taylor, by contrast, argues against McGarry and O’Leary’s model, claiming that the liberal consociational arrangement does not address the underlying sectarianism which binds ethnic communities into two reified groups, reinforcing the subordination both between and within them.  Specifically in terms of Northern Ireland, Taylor cites socio-economic deprivation as an instance of sectarianism; Irish Catholics are consistently found in subaltern, disadvantaged positions relative to their Protestant peers in terms of “rights, opportunities, and resources.”  By integrating economy-centred analytical approaches, this essay demonstrates that the economic dimension (particularly capital and its resulting class inequalities) has been structurally implicated in the Northern Ireland conflict, continually reinventing itself throughout history.
Voltaire: Critique Politique
Authors: Jasmin Guillaume
Published: January 2019

Much has been written about Voltaire, the great 18th century French writer and Enlightenment philosopher. His works have been pored over countless times and many analyses have been published about him and his writings. This dissertation builds on several sources so as to find the voltairian critiques of the French monarchy in relation to his Traité sur la tolérance.  The author starts by detailing the French monarchical system of the time as well as defining what tolerance was under this system. The first part ends with an explanation of what Voltaire thought the monarchy should be as well as defining what tolerance was according to him. The second part of the text discusses the specific critiques Voltaire aimed at the French monarchy, be it the malfunctioning justice system or the arbitrary powers possessed by the king. The final part of this exposition examines the place of religion in the French state. In this third and final section, the author looks at what Voltaire thought religion was and should be as well as the relationship between religion and the state. Plusieurs textes ont été écrit à propos de Voltaire, l'un des grands écrivains et philosophes des Lumières. Ces travaux ont été passés au crible et ont fait l'objet d'études approfondies à maintes reprises. Cette dissertation se hisse sur les épaules des chercheurs venus auparavant afin de trouver les critiques voltairiennes de la monarchie française en lien avec son Traité sur la tolérance. L'auteur débute en détaillant le système monarchique du temps et définit la tolérance du temps. Cette première partie inclut aussi une explication de ce qu'entendait Voltaire lorsqu'il discutait de la monarchie et de la tolérance. La seconde partie examine les critiques spécifiques de Voltaire par rapport à la monarchie française, que ce soit le système judiciaire dysfonctionnel ou le pouvoir arbitraire du roi. Dans la partie finale de ce texte, l'auteur se penche sur ce que la religion était et devait être selon Voltaire. Cette partie inclut aussi une exposition de la relation entre la religion et l'État français monarchique.
The Justice of Inequality: Argumentation Ethics and Radical Non-Aggression
Authors: Gibbs Daniel
Published: January 2019

Questions of inequality of wealth frequently arise during times of economic hardship. The stagnant recovery from the 2008 global financial crisis is no exception. Many are quick to condemn inequality as an unjust social phenomenon. This article considers the ethical status of such claims by examining whether inequality is fair or not. Using a neo-Kantian framework first put forward by Hans-Hermann Hoppe, the paper elucidates the presuppositions implied by human action and uses these as a basis for political rights. Once inviolable rights to ownership of one’s person and property are established, it follows that income inequality in the absence of coercion is fair. However, since such a condition does not describe modern society, little can be immediately said about the justice of current levels of inequality.
Dragon Fears: An Examination of Canadian Perceptions of Chinese State-Owned Enterprises
Authors: Lau Quentin
Published: January 2019

“What’s so scary about the CNOOC-Nexen deal?” 1 reads an article regarding the recent takeover bid. Although the deal has been fully approved, the question is one of many still gripping the issue over CNOOC’s (China National Offshore Oil Corporation) takeover bid of Nexen, a Calgary based oil and gas company. 2 However, this ongoing issue has broader implications; specifically if Chinese state-owned enterprises (hereafter SOEs) present a challenge or opportunity for Canadian national security interests. With the decline in trade and economic activity in the United States, Canada’s largest trading partner, new opportunities for Canada have presented themselves. China is one of them, a rapidly developing state whose hunger for energy continues to grow. The uneasiness that has come with the CNOOC-Nexen deal and the Canadian government’s recent response, displays the misguided approach of Canada towards the growing Chinese power. This paper explores the erroneous conceptions of Chinese SOEs, the implications of this and the possible solutions that can benefit Canada in the long term.
IR Motion Tracking as a Standard Input Device
Authors: Cimolini Michael
Published: January 2019

As our computing needs change and the availability of advanced input systems begin to increase we find that we are coming to the point where current interfaces are beginning to become outdated. Touch interfaces are becoming abundant, but there is only so much that one can do with a 2D input. This project tries to show that there is a potential for IR based interface systems to replace standard mouse input in current as well as future interfaces. Our results show that both the accuracy and robustness of the IR system designed herein are equivalent to that of standard mouse input.
Research is a Journey of Self-Discovery
Authors: Madan Christopher R.
Published: January 2019

In this issue of Eureka, I am proud to share with you the exciting and innovative research projects that are being lead by undergraduate students at the University of Alberta. While I will let their work speak for themselves, I also would like to take this opportunity to reflect on the beginnings of my research career and the broad reaching effects I have found research to have.
Women in Research
Authors: Zakrzewski Helena , Chen Yvonne Y.
Published: January 2019

From the Greek Mathematician Hypatia to Chemistry Nobel Prize winner Dr. Ada Yonath, women have made valuable contributions to Science for thousands of years. However, today some girls are held back by the gender stereotype that women are not good at science. To work to break the stereotype, we interviewed three women in research: Meagan Lyszczyk from Chemistry, Maddy Wang from Computing Science, and Yvonne Wong from Psychology. While they each come from different scientific disciplines, they are all splendid examples of women in research. We hope that these womens’ stories and advice can inspire and encourage more students to become involved in research, especially those young women who want to but are afraid to.
Real research or sham science? A review of Japan’s scientific whaling
Authors: Robertson Patrick J
Published: January 2019

Centuries of unregulated hunting lead to the decimation of whale populations globally. A moratorium on whaling allowed some stocks to start recovering, but others are not as promising. The Japanese lethal research on whales is permitted under the International Whaling Commission’s regulations allowing for scientific sampling of cetaceans, despite the 1982 moratorium on whaling. However, many in the scientific community suggest that the Japanese research is really a front for commercial whaling. The research programs in both the Antarctic and North Pacific (JARPA and JARPN) are not meeting their objectives and non-lethal techniques would be more effective. The Japanese government’s agenda at the IWC is to restart commercial whaling and appears to be actively promoting the consumption of whale meat from the research vessels. Japans internal market is not properly regulated and meat packaged for consumption has been found with pathogens and extremely high levels of toxins and heavy metals. Genetic analysis has indicated whale meat in markets contains internationally protected species, as well as non-whale tissues. Due to the extreme deficiency in our knowledge of global cetacean populations and the lack of infrastructure to monitor and enforce quotas, whale conservation should take priority over premature harvesting or unscientific research.
Divergency of Emotion in the Perspective of Neuro-sciences and Islam
Authors: Handayani Puspa , Al-Asrori M. Ansya , Halimah Nur , Natiqoh Malikhatun , Alim Wildan
Published: January 2019

Since the emergence of the symptoms neuroscience in our body the center is in the brain, one of them is emotion. Emotions are intense feelings directed at someone or something, there are differences in studying emotions according to Islamic religion and neuroscience. In neuroscience emotions lie within the limbic system of the brain, whereas in Islamic religion emotions lie in the heart (Qolb). Therefore there are significant differences regarding the emergence of emotions in the neuroscience and religion of Islam, for that we try to correlate with the perspective of the neuroscience and Islam so as to produce an interconnected perspective between the two.
VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY AND PCOS;
Authors: Bashir Maryam , Mukhtar Shafqat , IKRAM MUHAMMAD - , Javed Amna
Published: January 2019

BackgroundPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is mainstream gynaecological problems in adult women. Vitamin D has been linked to propensity of developing PCO. As this hormones has certain effects on insulin sensitivity and restoration of reproductive capacity in women with PCOs. So, a study was planned to establish correlation of deficiency of vitamin D and PCOs.ObjectiveTo determine the correlation of deficiency of vitamin D with PCOs in patients reporting to a teaching hospital.Material & MethodsCase control study carried out at institute of Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore, Gynae-Obst Department for six months. If serum level of vitamin D is < 25nmol/L then deficiency was labeled. Odds ratio was calculated between PCOs and vitamin D deficiency, ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 26.91±6.09 years. In this study, 70% females were married. The mean BMI of patients was 22.59±2.48kg/m2, and 76(76%) patients had normal BMI and 24(24%) patients were overweight. Vitamin D deficiency was observed in 47 cases in which 31 were from case group and 16 were from control group with significant association i.e. OR=3.47. ConclusionOur study results concluded that there is more risk of vitamin D deficiency in females with PCOS as compared to females without PCOS.
VITAMIN D3 DEFICIENCY;
Authors: Kumar Suresh , - Arshad , Hingorjo Bilawal , Maheshwari Nathumal , - Rewachand , Fatima Saher
Published: January 2019

Objectives: Determination of vitamin D3 deficiency and insufficiency in clinically asymptomatic and apparently healthy young adult male. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Study setting & Duration: Department of Medicine, Layari General Hospital Shaheed Muhtrama Benazir Bhutto Medical College from March 2015 to May 2016.Subjects and Methods: A sample of 100 volunteer participants, comprising of 57 male and female was selected according to the study criteria. 5 ml venous blood was collected in disposable syringe. Blood urea, serum creatinine, serum calcium and phosphate were estimated by standard laboratory procedures. ARCHITECT I 1000 system detected the vitamin D3. Data analysis was analysed by SPSS 22.0 (USA). Results: Serum Calcium and Phosphate were noted as 8.76±1.11 and 9.20±0.2 mg/dl (P=0.036) & 3.23±0.85 and 3.25±0.80 mg/dl (P=0.71) in male and female subjects respectively. Vitamin D3 (mean± SD) in male and female was noted as 23.0±8.24 and 27.19±14.13 ng/dl (P=0.006). Vitamin D3 (mean± SD) of total study population was noted as 24.80± 11.29 ng/ml. Frequency of vitamin D3 deficiency, insufficiency and sufficiency noted in 45%, 32% and 23% respectively (P=0.0001). Conclusion: We found vitamin D3 deficiency and insufficiency in 77% of young apparently healthy and clinically asymptomatic adults
GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS;
Authors: Hashmi Khiaynat Sarwar , Akhtar Tasneem , Batool Sidrah , Saleem Kokab
Published: January 2019

Objectives: To Compare metformin and regular insulin in blood sugar control and neonatal outcome in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus. Material and Method:… Study Design:  Randomized control trial. Place of the Study: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Bahawal Victoria hospital Bahawalpur. Duration of the study.1 year 1st January 2017- 31st December 2017. Sample Size: N=200, one half (group A) receiving Metformin and other half (group B) receiving regular insulin. Results: Blood sugar control depicted by fasting, 2 hr post parandial levels and HbA1c % was similar in both group.coexisting hypertensive complications were seen more in insulin group. Weight gain was also significantly more in insulin group 17 kg on an average as compared to metformin group where average weight gain was 13 kg.Convenience and satisfaction regarding their treatment,more number of patients were satisfied in metformin group. There were signiﬁcant increase in the mean birth weight of the newborns, need for admission in NICU and Neonatal hypoglycemia in insulin group as compared to metformin group. Conclusion: Metformin when compared to insulin has equal efficacy in controlling maternal blood sugar levels but better neonatal outcome, patient satisfaction and convenience in treatment of gestational Diabetes Mellitus.
MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION;
Authors: Bhatti Muhammad Farrukh , Bakar Afzal Muhammad Abu , Latif Ansar , Hassan Zeeshan , Shahzad Sharoon
Published: January 2019

Objectives: The study was carried out to asserting the prevalence and comparative analysis of risk factor that are known to be associated with ST-segment elevation MI on the basis of genderin Emergency unit of cardiology department of Allama Iqbal Memorial Teaching Hospital, Sialkot. Study Design: Retrospective, observational study. Place and duration of Study: Department of Cardiology; Allama Iqbal Memorial Teaching Hospital, Sialkot. From 1st March 2017 till 28 Feb 2018. Patients and Methods: All patients presented in cardic emergency during specified time period at Allama Iqbal Memorial Teaching Hospital with new onset of ST segment elevation MI, having established risk factors (DM, Smoking, Family History of IHD, Obesity, Dyslipidemia) having completed follow up of 2 months were included in study. Patients were assigned in two group according to their respective gender for finding out prevalence of risk factors among them. Group-I included males while Group-II included females.Patients who didn’t completed followup, not willing to participate in study, who leave against medical advice, had CCF, CRF, CLD, LBBB, Coagulation abnormalities, stroke, any condition mimicking ST segment elevation other than STEMI were excluded from study. The data collected for variables was analyzed using SPSS v 22. Results: Three hundred and fifty (350) patients presented in cardic emergency were subjected to the study. Out of 350, 20 patients didn’t complete the follow-up of 2 months. Ten patients didn’t give consent to be included in the study while 15 patients were excluded in accordance with the exclusion criteria and 5 patients were left against medical advice. Out of 300 patients studied 233 of patients (77.7%) were males and 67(22.3%) of patients were female, with male to female ratio of 3.5:1.0. Among age group variation patients in range of 41-50 years constitute 40.3% (121 patients) of cases. Smoking as a risk factor constitute 70.4%(164 pt.) and Diabetes mellitus 62.3% (43pt.) among males and females respectively. Anterior wall MI reports to be 62.20%(145 pt.) and 82.10%(55 pt.) among males and females followed by other types of STEMI. Conclusion: Smoking is identified as an independent risk factor that can lead to STEMI in young males while Diabetes Mellitus and hypertension identified as a risk factor for progression to STEMI in females. Among non-modifiable factors male sex, old adults and family history identified as factors that can lead to STEMI.
ASTIGMATISM;
Authors: Alam MOHAMMAD
Published: January 2019

Objectives: To evaluate the management of pre-existing astigmatism with 3.2 mm corneal incision on steeper axis during phacoemulsification cataract surgery. Study Design: Analytical study. Setting: Patients undergoing cataract surgery with phacoemulsification in K.D.A Teaching Hospital KMU-IMS Kohat. Period: January, 2016 to July, 2016. Materials and Methods: 50 patients with age related cataract were selected. Out of them 23 (46%) were male and 27 (54%) were female. All the patients were in age range from 49 to 76 years with mean age of 63.2% years. Proper examination with slit lamp was done. Informed consent was obtained from each patient. Proper proforma was made for documentation. Biometry was done for IOL power. Preoperative keratometry was done with Topcon autoref-keratometer. Patients with traumatic eyes, previously operated eyes, vascularised and opacified cornea were excluded from the study. Pupils of patients were dilated properly with tropicamide eye drop.  Phacoemulsification with 3.2 mm clear corneal incision at steeper axis with intraocular lenses implantation was carried out on all patients by single surgeon under topical anesthesia. Postoperative keratometry was done on the same keratometer and observer to avoid bias at the end of two months. Results: Preoperative astigmatism was present in range of 0.12 diopter cylinder to 3.71 diopter cylinder with mean 1.56 diopter cylinder. At the end of two months mean astigmatism of 0.98 diopter cylinder with range 0.2 diopter cylinder to 2.0 diopter cylinder was noted postoperatively with mean reduction of 0.58 diopter cylinder. Conclusion: Phacoemulsification with 3.2 mm clear corneal incision at steeper axis can correct astigmatism significantly with good emmetropic results.
Ballast treated with asphalt emulsion, Megarok and San Jose. AASTHO standards
Authors: Meza Maria Isabel Zambrano , Veliz Edwin Alexander Rodriguez , Anchundia Bethsy Anchundia , Lucas Gema Cayetano , Ormaza Gema Flores
Published: January 2019

In the research work, the results obtained at the laboratory level of the lending material (ballast) treated with asphalt emulsion from the quarries "Megarok and San José" are compared, applying the AASTHO standards. The quarries are located in the Picoazá-La Sequita parish of the Portoviejo canton. Samples from both quarries were evaluated in the laboratory and it was possible to carry out tests of natural humidity, Atterberg, granulometric, compaction, and soil bearing capacity (CBR). Based on the results obtained, they were compared by disclosing which of the quarries meets the appropriate conditions within the construction standards and techniques, in order to stabilize the material with asphalt emulsion; in addition to comparing it with the specifications of the AASTHO standards and the MTOP standard. The result was that the materials extracted from the quarries do not meet the technical specifications; but when mixed with the asphalt emulsion, the Megarok material fulfills as type A base.
An analysis of assessment models employed by the Indonesian elementary school teachers
Authors: Maba Wayan , Mantra Ida Bagus Nyoman
Published: January 2019

The present study was conducted to analyze the assessment models employed by Indonesian elementary school teachers in the context of assessment models as suggested by the curriculum in 2013. The analysis includes the selected assessment models and their implementation in real classroom settings to assess the students’ attitudes, knowledge, and skills. This study made use of a qualitative research design in which the data were analyzed by means of deep argumentation and presented descriptively. Data were collected through direct observation and in-depth interviews with the selected elementary school teachers. The collected data were analyzed in an analytical manner to obtain the findings.   The findings of the present study indicated that primary school teachers employed various models of assessment based on the aspects of attitudes, knowledge, and skills. Assessment of the students’ attitude includes observation, self-assessment, peer assessment, and teachers’ records. Assessment of the students’ knowledge includes a written test, an oral test, and assignment.  Assessment of the students’ skill includes performance, portfolio, and project. Meanwhile,  the scores of the students’ achievement were analyzed based on the scores of the students’ attitude obtained by using the instruments, such as observation blank sheet, Self-assessment, peer assessment, and teacher’ records. Self-assessment and peer assessment were also used as a confirmation of the scores for the report card and the teachers’ records were mainly used to provide the suggestions for the students’ improvement.
Collaboration as a strategy for poverty alleviation
Authors: Larantika Anak Agung Ayu Dewi , Zauhar Soesilo , Makmur Moc. , Setyowati Endah
Published: January 2019

The poverty issue was very complex regarding various aspects of life, therefore, poverty alleviation was needed an involvement of the various parties. In order to be able to cooperate with various parties was required a deep cooperation. This descriptive qualitative research aims to analyze the cooperation of various parties in the poverty alleviation. The data were collected through interviews with the Poverty Alleviation Coordination Team and the key informant. The results show that cooperation in the poverty alleviation was limited in coordination between work units of the regional apparatus. The coordination was undertaken in the context of programming, implementing, and evaluating of the poverty alleviation. However, the coordination has not been maximized due without involving the private sector and universities who were also members of the poverty alleviation coordination team. The cooperation was more optimal when applying the collaboration principles. Therefore, a deeper cooperation was needed than just coordination, that was, in the form of collaboration. The collaboration in the form of collaboration between various parties could be an innovative strategy in the poverty alleviation.
Iberoamerica in network, GIS & TIC
Authors: Perez Antonio Vazquez , Briones Vicente Veliz , Viteri Carlos G. Villacreses , Gamez Maria Rodriguez
Published: January 2019

The paper presents a proposal related to the implementation of an Inter-University Network and Research Centers in the Ibero-American area, related to the management of spatial information using the Techniques of Information Technology and Communications (ICT), where it is proposed as a coordinating center and manager of knowledge to the Technical University of Manabí for having special geographical conditions and professionals with experience in the management of spatial databases and Geoportals. Universities and research centers are a reservoir of knowledge with high potential for the scientific and technical development of society. The Technical University of Manabí in Ecuador is an institution committed to the future of society, which outlines its vision of work in the implementation of projects that allow the use of technical and professional skills of students and teachers. In the current decade, projects are being developed at an international level aimed at strengthening the role of spatial information for the management of sustainable development on a social scale. Geographic information systems (GIS) and computer and communications (TIC) techniques have demonstrated their versatility to be applied to different lines of work and projects.
The inflection of Sasak language in Kuripan village
Authors: Syarifaturrahman Wahyu Kamil , Hanafi Nurachman , Nuriadi -
Published: January 2019

This writing is about inflection of Sasak language in Kuripan. The people of Kuripan use Meno-Mene dialect as their daily communication. Sasak language in Kuripan has the uniqueness based on its position (lay on a boundary area of West Lombok and Central Lombok) wherein Kuripan uses Meno-Mene dialect and the other part of Central Lombok which is close to Kuripan Use Meriaq-Meriku dialect so that it makes Meno-Mene dialect of Kuripan has its own character. Based on the phenomenon about varieties of the words and utterances which have different structure is used in Sasak language especially in Kuripan, so I interest in doing the research about inflection as a subfield of morphology which influences the sentences or utterances structurally.  Therefore, this study aims to analyze the types and the functions of inflection in the Meno-Mene dialect of Kuripan. This study used a descriptive and qualitative method where the data gathered through some methods: observation, and an interview. The data gathered are analyzed using some steps: Representing the data obtained, then classifying the class category of the base words (whether they are verb, noun, or adjective), then Identifying the types of inflection in  Meno-Mene Dialect of Kuripan, and the last Analyzing various functions of inflection in Meno-Mene dialect of Kuripan. This study found there is 34 (thirty-four) inflection morpheme that classified according to the lexical category, namely; noun, verb, and adjective. Furthermore, all of the inflectional affixes above have the difference function depend on their affixes and their base-form category. Hence, this study found that the use Meno-Mene dialect of Kuripan has the various affixes especially in term of inflection which influences the utterances or expressions grammatically.
Combining ability analysis in linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) for improvement of seed yield and its component traits
Authors: Singh Vivek Kumar , Sharma Vijay , Chaudhary Mohit , Paswan Sunil Kumar , Ahmad Azad , Verma Moolchandra , Chauhan M. P.
Published: January 2019

Twenty eight hybrids developed from eight genotypes of linseed through diallel mating design (excluding reciprocal) along with one checks viz., Shekhar were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications for eleven distinct morphological traits during rabi season of 2012-13, to estimate the general combining ability (GCA) of the parents and specific combining ability (SCA) of hybrids considered for the development of high yielding varieties. The analysis of variance for combining ability revealed significant mean sum of squares due to GCA and SCA for all the traits under study. Genotype EC-1392 (0.50) and TL-11 (0.45) has been found good general combiner with highest magnitude of GCA effects for seed yield per plant. In addition to above, EC-1392 and TL-11 also showed good GCA effects for plant height, secondary branches per plant, capsules per plant and biological yield per plant. Hybrids A.95.B x Shekhar (2.43), TL-11 x EC-1392 (1.71) and NDL-2004-05 x GS-234 (1.53) showed higher positive significant SCA effects for seed yield per plant. These hybrids also exhibited positive significant SCA effects for plant height, secondary brances per plant, capsules per plant, indicating potential for exploiting hybrid vigour in breeding programme.
Dynamics of socio-economic development of districts of eastern Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Tanwar Nitin , Kumar Sunil , Sisodia B.V.S. , Hooda B.K.
Published: January 2019

Development process of any system is dynamic in nature and depends on large number of parameters. This study attempted to capture latest dynamics of development of districts of Eastern Uttar Pradesh in respect of three dimensions- Agriculture, Social and Infrastructure. Techniques adopted by Narain et al. (1991) have been used in addition to Principal component and factor analysis. Ranking seems to very close to ground reality and provides useful information for further planning and corrective measures for future development of Eastern UttarPradesh’s Districts. The Composite Indices (C.I.) of development in respect of 18 developmental indicators for the total 28 districts of eastern Uttar Pradesh have been estimated for the year 2010-2011. The district Barabanki was showed a higher level of development (C.I. =0.10) in Agricultural development compared to Social development (C.I.=1.12) and Infrastructural development (C.I. =0.89) followed by the district Ambedkar nagar (Agricultural, C.I. =0.52), (Social, C.I. =1.12) and (Infrastructure, C.I. =0.89). District Allahabad secured first position in the Social development (C.I. =0.81) and second in Infrastructural development (C.I. =0.34) as compared to Agriculture (C.I. =0.93). District Varanasi was the most developed district in Infrastructure (C.I. =0.10) as compared to Agriculture (C.I.=0.96) and Social (C.I. =0.96). As per findings of the study, the two districts Mau and Jaunpur were down in their ranking and the districts Chandauli and Maharajganj improved their ranking.
Mineralization of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur from different organic wastes in silty clay loam soils
Authors: Mishra Amit , Kumar Narendra , Kumar Rajiv , Kumar Robin , Tomar Dinesh
Published: January 2019

Mineralization of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and suphur was studied by incubating soil samples for 90 days at 30°C temperature with four different organic materials viz. Press mud, sugarcane trash, paper mill bagasse and pine needle. The results showed that the carbon mineralization in soil was significantly higher from sugarcane trash followed by press mud as compared to control. The cumulative percent of carbon mineralization increased with incubation period and maximum mineralization was recorded at 90 DOI (days after incubation). The maximum cumulative percent N-mineralization (16.88%) in soil was shown by paper mill bagasse followed by sugarcane trash and pine needle. The percent N-mineralization from all added organic amendments increased incubation period up to 45days of incubation DOI (days after incubation) after then it gradually declined, while the pine needles showed maximum cumulative P-mineralization in soil followed by sugarcane trash while minimum was recorded from press mud. The paper mill bagasse showed highest cumulative S-mineralization in soil followed by sugarcane trash. Irrespective of organic wastes, cumulative S-mineralization significantly increased after 15 days of incubation up to 45 days later on it showed declined trend. Among the organic wastes, sugarcane trash showed maximum Cmineralization in soil exhibited fast decomposition in comparison to other wastes. So, it can be used for composting.The paper mill bagasse showed more N and S mineralization while maximum mineralization of P was found in pine needle. The press mud and sugarcane trash showed potential for short duration enriched compost.
An agricultural price forecasting model under nonstationarity using functional coefficient autoregression
Authors: Yashavanth B. S. , Singh K. N. , Paul Amrit Kumar
Published: January 2019

In this globalized world, management of food security in the developing countries like India where agriculture is dominated needs efficient and reliable price forecasting models more than ever. Forecasts of agricultural prices are handy to the policymakers, agribusiness industries and farmers. In the present study, Functional Coefficient Autoregression (FCAR) has been applied for modeling and forecasting the monthly wholesale price of clean coffee seeds in Hyderabad coffee consuming center using the data from Jan, 2001 to Sep, 2014. FCAR (2,2) model was found suitable based on the minimum Average Prediction Error (APE) criterion. The FCAR model thus obtained was compared with the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model. Since the original series was found to be nonstationary from Augmented Dickey-Fuller test (ADF statistic=-2.84, p=0.22), the differenced series (ADF statistic=-4.20, p<0.01) was used and ARIMA (12,1,0) was found suitable. The FCAR model obtained was compared with the ARIMA model with respect to forecast accuracy measures viz., Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). The RMSE and MAPE for the FCAR (2,2) were found to be 17.16 and 4.41%, respectively, whereas for the ARIMA (12,1,0) models, 62.64 and 26.15%, respectively. The results indicated that the FCAR model was efficient than the ARIMA model in forecasting the future prices.
Geochemistry of some ferruginous soils of Kerala, India
Authors: Dubey P. N. , Bhaskar B. P. , Chandran P. , Singh B. , Mishra B. K.
Published: January 2019

The four representative ferruginous soils on lateritic cover developed over Precambrian rocks in parts of Kottayam of Kerala were studied to understand the weathering pattern and genesis through geochemistry. These soils are strongly to moderately acidic, reddish brown with low Cation exchange capacity CEC and base saturation having SiO2 - 33 to 57%, Al2O3 - 16-31%, Fe2O3 - 8 to 15% and TiO2 -0.7 to 1.4%. Kanjirapalli (P3) and Athirampuzha (P4) soil series were more intensely weathered as compared to the Kinalur (P1) and Chingavanam series (P2) with silica to alumina -iron ratio less than 2 and had a significant negative relationship with Chemical index of alteration CIA ( -0.75**), Harnois index ( -0.678**), Richie index (-0.953**) and Plagioclase Index of Weathering (-0.705**). The trace elemental concentration ranges were above the values of world soils having an enrichment index more than 1 in Kanjirapalli series (P3) and Ni contamination in genetic horizons (Ni > 200µgg-1 ). The cluster analysis showed similar major oxide concentration pattern in Group -1 and Group - 2 but varied in trace elemental pattern with Cr > Ba > Cu in Group - 1 and Cu > Cr > Ba in Group- 2 soils whereas Zr > Ni > Mn in Group - 3 to Ni > Mn > Zr in Group - 4 soils. The study further showed that differential rate of weathering in soils under tropical climate was further accelerated due to anthropogenic activities such as improper land use practices and deforestation on sleep slopes.
Growth and yield of summer groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) as influenced by foliar application of water soluble fertilizer
Authors: Roy S. , Gunri S.K. , Puste A. M. , Sengupta A. , Saha D.
Published: January 2019

The field experiment was undertaken at the District Seed Farm, Kalyani at Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, West Bengal during summer season of 2012 and 2013 to study the growth and yield of summer groundnut as influenced by application of water soluble foliar grade fertilizer. Application of liquid grade fertilizerat early growth stage up to 45 DAE did not influence the plant height and dry matter production significantly, but towards maturity varied significantly (P ? 0.05). Crop growth rate was faster at early part of the crop age and gradually slows at later part towards maturity. Foliar application of water soluble fertilizer along with RDF 85% had the significant (P ? 0.05) influence to increase the number of pods per plant, but shelling percentage and hundred kernel weight did not vary significantly. Liquid grade fertilizer either starter dose or booster dose or in both had the positive response to increased the groundnut pod yield up to 4-6 % over RDF only. The crop was equally responsive in increasing the pod yield, when RDF was reduced by 15% along with foliar application of liquid grade fertilizer. The foliar application of water soluble fertilizer was not the substitute to soil applied inorganic fertilizer. Instead, foliar supplementation of nutrients showed positive response to increase the pod yield, in addition to the fertilizers added to soil. Gross return decreased with reduction in amount of RDF applied for the crop, but gross return increased, when water soluble foliar grade inorganic fertilizer was supplemented with RDF. The maximum gross return of `150399 was obtained. The results obtained from correlation analysis carried out to examine the linear relationship between pod yields with different plant characters. Data obtained in case of dry matter of the plant was 0.995 and 0.997 in the respective years at 1% level of significance. Thus, it was concluded that dry matter content of plant is solely responsible over the yield increase in groundnut and foliar application of inorganic fertilizers in addition to that in soil has helped in better adsorption of nutrients in adequate amount by the crop.
Strategy for mitigating fuel wood induced forest degradation in tribal land- scape of Jharkhand, India
Authors: Islam M. A. , Quli S. M. S.
Published: January 2019

The study was conducted to examine the extent of fuel wood dependence in the forests and mitigate the pressure by evolving an eco-friendly strategy in Bundu block of Ranchi District in Jharkhand, India. Multi-stage random sampling technique was employed to select 164 tribal households from 9 villages. Well -structured pre-tested interview schedule and non-participant observations were used for data collection, which were analyzed by descriptive statistics. Results revealed that the total extraction of fuel wood from different sources was 598.60 tons annum-1 @ of 0.68 tons capita-1 annum-1, of which, 308.16 tons annum-1 was secured from forests, 133.31 tons annum-1 from agriculture field, 90.45 tons annum-1 from community land and 66.68 tons annum-1 from homesteads. The fuel wood use breakup recorded 486.24 tons annum-1 for cooking, 45.79 tons annum-1 by cottage industries, 41.07 tons annum-1 for heating, 18.80 tons annum-1 for community function and 6.70 tons annum-1 for others. The forests were exposed to fuel wood pressure of 308.16 tons annum-1 (51.48%) posing ample deforestation and degradation. A strategy consisted of energy interventions viz., biogas production (85351.60 m 3 annum-1), agroforestry (36.84 tons annum-1) and energy plantation (92.10 tons annum-1) is proposed, the implementation of which can mitigate the fuel wood induced forest degradation besides fuel wood security of 846.14 tons annum-1 against the present fuel wood procurement of 598.60 tons annum-1. The strategy designed needs to be implemented to substitute the current unsustainable extraction of fuel wood, safeguard the future fuel wood predicament and eliminate the fuel wood pressure on forests.
Assessment of inter-population genetic diversity and preliminary evaluation of suitable clones of teak (Tectona grandis Linn. F.)
Authors: Behera M. K. , Bhola N. , Parida A. K. , Pradhan T. R.
Published: January 2019

Productivity, uniformity and sustainability are the three important characters of the clonally propagated plants. With the increased use of clonal technology, the scarcity of wood products evidently decreased which has also led to reduced pressure on natural forests and ecosystem. However, the success of clonal technology rests on wise selection and deployment of suitable clones by studying the inter-population genetic diversity. The present study was conducted in a clonal seed orchard (CSO) of teak (Tectona grandis Linn. F.) comprising of 13 different clones to estimate the inter-clonal variation in terms of growth performance and genetic variability at 32 and 33 years of age. Clone ORANP2 exhibited maximum DBH (26.61cm), height (23.69 m), and stem volume (235.40 m3ha-1) with MAI of 7.133 m3ha-1year-1. The highest CAI of DBH (1.08 cm) and volume (18.558m3/ha) was reported in ORANP5 and ORANR3, respectively. The study found that clone ORANP2 is a superior genotype and thus can be recommended for vegetative multiplication and ex-situ mass planting in reforestation programmes. Both heritability and genetic advance values were low for all the plant traits studied (DBH, height and stem volume) indicating that these traits are of less use for a tree breeder for furthering the selection and breeding process on teak or other tropical hardwood species across globe.
Heterosis and inbreeding depression to identify superior F1 hybrids in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) for the yield and its contributing traits
Authors: Kumar Chandan , Singh S. P.
Published: January 2019

Eight parental lines of diverse origin of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) were crossed in 8 × 8 diallel mating design excluding reciprocals. The 28 F1 hybrids along with their parents and one standard check (H-86) were evaluated in a randomized block design with three replications during seasons of rabi 2011-12, 2012-13 and 2013-14. In the present study, revealed that heterosis over better parent, mid parent, standard check and inbreeding depression was observed for all the traits under studies. Highly significant heterosis was observed for days to first flowering (-13.49, -13.52 and -12.28%), number of flowers per cluster (17.90, 22.11 and 24.27%), days to first harvest (-8.01, -11.04 and -9.76%), number of fruit per cluster (39.17, 42.71 and 20.71%), fruit diameter (19.93, 31.43 and 13.27%), fruit length (19.29, 22.34 and 13.35%), Average fruit weight (18.88, 19.41 and 7.80%), number of fruits per plant (25.86, 46.69 and 41.87%) and yield per plant (58.61, 75.61 and 56.33%) over the better, mid and standard parents, respectively along with considerable inbreeding depression. Most promising cross Pant T-3 × H-24 showed highly significant positive heterosis over better parent for yield per plant.
Effect of integrated nutrient management on the nutrient accumulation and status of post-harvest soil of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) under Nadia conditions (West Bengal), India
Authors: Thingujam Umalaxmi , Pati Sajal , Khanam Rubina , Pari Arnab , Ray Krishnendu , Phonglosa Amit , Bhattacharyya Kallol
Published: January 2019

A field experiment was carried out at the Central Research Farm, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, West Bengal, India to study the effects of integrated nutrient management on the nutrient accumulation (dry weight recoveries) in brinjal and plant nutrient status of the post- harvest soil of brinjal under Nadia conditions. The results revealed that the treatment consisting of 75% RDF (RDF i.e. N:P:K:: 125:100:50) + Azospirillum + phosphate solubilising bacteria (PSB) + Borax @ 10 kg ha-1 recorded the highest oxidizable organic carbon (8.049 g kg-1), total nitrogen (1.05 g kg-1) , available nitrogen (212.67g kg-1), available phosphorus (76.20g kg-1) and available potassium (177.59 g kg-1) in the post harvest soils of brinjal. On the other hand, 75% RDF + Azospirillum + PSB + FeSO4 @ 50 kg ha-1 recorded the highest available iron (26.14 kg ha-1) and the treatment consisting of 75% RDF + Azospirillum + PSB + ZnSOâ‚„ @ 25 kg ha-1 recorded the highest soil available zinc (7.62 kg ha-1) while 75% RDF + Azo + PSB + Borax @ 10 kg ha-1 recorded the highest available Boron content (0.78 kg ha-1) of the post harvest soil of Brinjal. Highest brinjal yield (14.96 t ha-1) was supported by the treatment consisting of 75% RDF + Azospirillum + PSB + Boron @ 10 Kg ha-1. Meager information was available regarding the performance of integrated application of organics and micronutrient on brinjal in the experimental location. The present study may enlighten this unexplored section of nutrient management in brinjal.
Evaluation of fungal pathogens, Fusarium semitectum Berk. and Ravenel and Hirsutella thompsonii Fisher against red spider mite, Tetranychus neocaledoni-cus (Andre) of okra under laboratory and greenhouse conditions
Authors: Rachana R. R. , Jayasimha G. T. , Richa V. , Manjunatha M.
Published: January 2019

Efficacy of fungal pathogens, Fusarium semitectum Berk. and Ravenel and Hirsutella thompsonii Fisher was evaluated against red spider mite, Tetranychus neocaledonicus (Andre) of okra under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Among the treatments evaluated under laboratory conditions, the highest mortality of 78.20 and 88.34 percent adults and immatures, respectively was recorded at 2.10 x 109 spores per ml of F. semitectum, whereas it was 82.05 and 92.31 per cent adults and immatures, respectively in case of H. thompsonii at 4.60 x 108 spores per ml. Among the twelve treatments evaluated under greenhouse conditions, H. thompsonii 4.60 x 108 spores per ml, F. semitectum 2.10 x 109 spores per ml + H. thompsonii 4.60 x 108 spores per ml, H. thompsonii 4.60 x 108 spores per ml + dicofol 0.025% and F. semitectum 2.10 x 109 spores per ml + H. thompsonii 4.60 x 108 spores per ml + dicofol 0.025% were found to be on par with each other with a cumulative percent mortality of 81.20, 81.48, 81.21 and 82.59 percent, respectively. By testing the field efficacy of F. semitectum and H. thompsonii against T. neocaledonicus, these fungal pathogens can be used as potential biocontrol agents for the sustainable management of mites on okra. Hence the present study evaluates the potentiality of F. semitectum for the management of T. neocaledonicus by comparing with the well-known acaricidal fungus, H. thompsonii.
Response of wheat cultivars to foliar potassium fertilization under irrigated saline environment
Authors: Kumar M. , Sarangi A. , Singh D. K. , Rao A.R. , Sudhishri S.
Published: January 2019

A field experiment with split-split plot design (SSPD) was conducted to study the response of two winter wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) cultivars (viz. salt tolerant cultivar KRL-1-4 and salt non-tolerant cultivar HD-2894) under saline irrigation regimes with and without foliar potassium fertilization on growth and grain yield of wheat during rabi 2011-12 and 2012-13. Potassium in the ratio of K+: Na+ (1: 10) was applied as foliar application during the heading stage of the crop. Results showed that the grain yield of KRL-1-4 and HD-2894 cultivars with foliar potassium fertilization at the heading stage increased by 6.5 to 22% and 3 to 15% during rabi 2011-2012, respectively under different saline irrigation regimes as compared to the control. Moreover, the results of rabi 2012-13 showed an increase in grain yield ranging from 4.5 to 20% for KRL-1-4 as compared to the control. Statistical analysis of grain yield parameter showed that the foliar potassium application in both varieties resulted in significant yield difference at 0.05 probability level as compared to the non-foliar application. Overall, it was observed that the foliar potassium fertilization increased the grain yield of both wheat cultivars, while the salt tolerant cultivar performed better than the salt non-tolerant cultivar under irrigated saline regimes.
Socio economic profile of direct seeded rice (DSR) farmers of Haryana
Authors: Rohila Anil Kumar , Ghanghas B. S. , Shehrawat P. S. , Kumar Pawan
Published: January 2019

The study has focused on socio economic profile, adoption level of Direct seeded rice (DSR) farmers and extension strategy to increase the adoption of DSR cultivation in Haryana (India). More than half of respondents (51.66 %) belonged to the middle age group 36-50 years and maximum 21.67 per-cent farmer qualification found metric. Majority of the farmers (50.83 per cent) had low level of socio-economic. Economic motivation of farmers was 70.83 per cent belonged to low to moderate level, whereas 67.5 per-cent of respondents belonged moderate to high innovation proneness. The overall adoption level of DSR technology was low to moderate, since 70 per-cent of respondents belonged to low to medium category.
Some deformed specimens of Mystus bleekeri (Day) and Labeo bata (Ham. Buch) from the river Chenab in Pargwal wetland, Akhnoor, Jammu
Authors: Dutta S. P. S.
Published: January 2019

Four adult deformed specimens of Mystus bleekeri showing caudal fin deformities viz complete degenerated caudal fin, degenerated upper caudal fin lobe, degenerated lower caudal fin lobe and truncated caudal peduncle and bulbous caudal fin base and one specimen of Labeo bata with a blunt head and terminal mouth were observedamong the fish collections from the river Chenab in Pragwal wetland area and have been described. Deformities in M. bleekeri are most probably caused by Myxobolus infection and in L. bata it is the result of injury.