bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Melanoma Skin Cancer Detected Based on Artificial Intelligence - Survey
Authors:   National Engineering School of Gabes, Gabes University-Tunisia, SAID Khaled Khalifa , RHAIMI CHIBANI Belgacem ,   National Engineering School of Gabes, Gabes University-Tunisia
Published: November 2024

In recent decades, melanoma, a lethal form of skin cancer, has become more common internationally. Due to the recovery strategy used in the medical field, dermoscopic image-based automatic skin lesion detection remains a challenging and complicated task. This difficulty in diagnosing lesions can be attributed to various factors, such as the lesions revealing diverse characteristics, including uncertain borders, inadequate color assessment, shape variations, positional dependence, and complex structures. To prevent the growing public health burden from spreading to other body organs and potentially save many lives, early detection and appropriate treatment are essential among medical professionals and researchers. An individual may develop melanoma if there is an abnormal change in the appearance of the skin. To achieve more effective cancer detection, dermatology expertise should be integrated with computer vision strategies. Consequently, it is crucial to create a variety of detection strategies to aid medical experts in diagnosing early-stage cancer.
This paper provides a thorough, methodical analysis of machine learning techniques for early skin cancer detection, examining published studies. It offers an overview of an artificial intelligence-assisted evaluation approach for diagnosing skin cancer. To address existing challenges in skin cancer detection, this paper proposes a model integrating improved techniques across preprocessing, feature extraction, and classification. The proposed model utilizes adaptive histogram equalization to enhance image clarity, combined with feature extraction methods such as the ABCD rule, GLCM, and HOG, alongside deep learning-based autoencoders. For classification, it employs an ensemble approach that integrates CNNs and SVMs, leveraging transfer learning from pre-trained models and implementing a multi-class framework. This model aims to enhance detection accuracy, reduce costs, and improve usability. The review aims to provide researchers with the latest advancements in machine learning for cancer diagnostics, offering a comprehensive understanding of current and emerging techniques.
Keywords: Skin Cancer, Melanoma Detection, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Deep Learning ،Neural Network Melanin.
Numerical Simulation and Scrutinizing the Influence of Common Materials Trombe Wall on the Air Gap Region
Authors:   Libyan Academy for Postgraduate Studies, Ibsheesh Omar A. , Mashina Giamal ,   Libyan Academy for Postgraduate Studies, Albeshty Monder O. ,   Libyan Academy for Postgraduate Studies, Mousay Akram A. ,   Libyan Academy for Postgraduate Studies
Published: November 2024

The study delves into an investigation of the influence of diverse common materials on the performance of conventional Trombe walls, namely concrete, cement, and brick. To accomplish that, the utilization of two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations with ANSYS Fluent was done to profoundly analyze the air gap region and map out the temperature distributions and air dynamics. The accumulating of beneficial understandings from the findings will significantly contribute to the optimization of Trombe wall designs, thereby enhancing energy efficiency and proposing practical guidance for sustainable building practices. Pushing onwards, Recommendations for future research could potentially incorporate three-dimensional CFD simulations for a more comprehensive understanding, also examining a broader array of material alternatives and additionally fine-tuning the design parameters precisely within the air gap region.
Keywords: Renewable Energy, Trombe Wall, Solar Energy, 2D Simulation, CFD
Winning Arguments about Rights: An Empirical Analysis of Argument Construction at the European Court of Human Rights
Authors: Altwicker Tilmann , Geering Florian , Gerber Daniel , Taushanov Zhivko
Published: November 2024

This study examines the European Court of Human Rights’ (ECtHR) use of the canonical interpretation techniques (textual, systematic, historical, teleological) based on a novel comprehensive dataset of 8,436 judgments. We show that while interpretation techniques are used in about one-third of cases, the ECtHR often employs multiple methods simultaneously. Textual and teleological interpretation techniques emerged as the most commonly used, with systematic interpretation also being prevalent. Our findings indicate a discernible relationship between the type of rights being considered and the interpretation techniques employed by the ECtHR to construct arguments about rights. Additionally, the study sheds light on the Court’s interpretive choices: in general, the use of interpretation techniques does not enhance the likelihood of a Convention rights violation being found. Textual interpretation may overlook broader social or policy implications and thus make judges less likely to recognize violations. On the other hand, systematic interpretation is negatively associated with the finding of a violation in justice-related rights but is positively associated with the finding of a violation in Convention articles related to ‘life and limb’. This suggests that the Court interprets the justice-related rights more narrowly when applying a systematic approach. The study forms a substantial foundation for further research into the nuanced dynamics of the ECtHR’s use of canonical interpretative techniques.
formación continua en la educación: evolución, modelos y competencias digitales
Authors: Jaime Manzanarez Bryan Alexander
Published: November 2024

Este artículo explora la evolución de la formación continua en el ámbito educativo, destacando su importancia para el desarrollo profesional de los docentes en un contexto de rápidos avances tecnológicos y cambios sociales. A través de una revisión bibliográfica, se analizan diversos modelos teóricos, como TPACK, el Aprendizaje Basado en Competencias (ABC) y otros, que integran competencias digitales, emocionales y sociales en la formación docente. El estudio destaca los desafíos en la implementación de la formación continua, tales como la falta de recursos, resistencia al cambio, y variabilidad en la calidad de los programas formativos. Se utilizó el software NVivo para un análisis sistemático de datos cualitativos, identificando cinco modelos clave: la Tríada de Wilkerson, Kay, TPACK, SQD de Tondeur y Albion et al. Los resultados sugieren una evolución hacia enfoques más complejos y multidimensionales que reconocen la interdependencia de competencias técnicas y pedagógicas con actitudes positivas hacia la tecnología. Finalmente, se presentan recomendaciones para mejorar la formación continua, enfatizando la necesidad de apoyo institucional, el desarrollo de competencias digitales, y la promoción de una cultura de aprendizaje continuo. Estas conclusiones subrayan la importancia de adoptar estrategias adaptativas que respondan a las necesidades cambiantes de los docentes y promuevan una educación de calidad en un entorno cada vez más digital.
PENDIDIKAN AKHLAK SEBAGAI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN KENAKALAN REMAJA
Authors: Achmad Mudzaki Dinata
Published: November 2024

Pendidikan akhlak menjadi poros yang sangat penting sebagai upaya pencegahan kenakalan remaja, selain pendidikan akhlak ada pula upaya-upaya lain seperti pembiasaan 5S, Pembiasaan ibadah rutin, mewajibkan ekstrakurikuler dan pembinaan remaja juga harus berbarengan. Jika tidak dibarengi dengan upaya-upaya lainnya, maka tetap saja akan lebih sulit untuk mencegah kenakalan remaja dan juga peranan orang tua dalam mengawasi para remaja menjadi poin penting agar kenakalan remaja dapat diberantas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui permasalahan kenakalan remaja yang dialami remaja dan pengimplementasian pendidikan akhlak terhadap kenakalan remaja. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif melalui wawancara, studi literatur dan kuesioner, guna mendapatkan data yang yang konkrit dan relevan sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian. Objek penelitian adalah remaja yang sudah melakukan kenakalan remaja maupun belum pernah melakukan kenakalan remaja. Hasil dari penelitian yang sudah penulis teliti bahwa upaya guru dalam mengimplementasikan pendidikan akhlak dan upaya lainnya kepada para remaja menunjukan hasil cukup mengurangi tingkat kenakalan remaja.
EFEKTIVITAS PROGRAM MENTORING TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER PESERTA DIDIK PUTRI DI SMAN 1 TAMANSARI BOGOR
Authors: Nuryanti Siti , Nurhasan Abdul Kodir , Robiansyah Yal , Putri Pratiwi Tia
Published: November 2024

Pelaksanaan pendidikan karakter di Indonesia mulai dari kemerdekaan, orde lama, orde baru, sampai reformasi belum menunjukkan hasil yang maksimal. Hal ini dapat dibuktikan banyaknya kejadian- kejadian di usia remaja yang tidak mencerminkan karakter yang baik. Hal tersebut menjadi fokus setiap bangsa akan permasalahan karakter tersebut. Krisis pendidikan karakter pada peserta didik putri saat ini sudah mengkhawatirkan, dikarenakan banyaknya kasus-kasus pada usia remaja, seperti pergaulan bebas, pemerkosaan, perundungan dan sebagainya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil program mentoring dalam membentuk karakter peserta didik putri SMAN 1 Tamansari setelah melaksanakan kegiatan mentoring. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode observasi dan wawancara. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara observasi dan dokumentasi untuk mendapatkan data tentang program mentoring (X) dan wawancara untuk mendapatkan pembentukan karakter peserta didik putri (Y). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa : 1) Pelaksanaan program mentoring di SMAN 1 Tamansari dilakukan secara rutin seminggu sekali setiap hari Jum’at pukul 11.30 sampai selesai shalat Jum’at di mesjid. 2) Terdapat lima karakter pada proses pembentukan karakter dalam kegiatan mentoring: bertambah pemahaman agama Islam, kemampuan peserta mentoring dalam membaca Al Qur’an bertambah, adanya tanggung jawab dan kedisiplinan dilihat dari kehidupan sehari-hari, saling mengingatkan dalam kebaikan. 3) Program mentoring ini cukup efektif sekitar capaian presentase 45% dalam membentuk karakter peserta didik putri berdasarkan hasil wawancara. Penerapan program mentoring ini diharapkan dapat menjadi contoh untuk sekolah lainnya dalam membentuk karakter peserta didik.
ANALISIS PENERAPAN METODE COOPERATIVE LEARNING DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEAKTIFAN SISWA PADA PELAJARAN PAI
Authors: Visca Anisa Mareta  , Abdul Kodir Nurhasan  , Yal Robiansyah  , Andriani Luh Ade Yuanita
Published: November 2024

Artikel ini membahas penerapan metode Cooperative Learning dalam meningkatkan keaktifan siswa pada pembelajaran PAI siswa kelas 3 dan 4 di MI Fathan Mubina Ciawi Bogor Tahun Ajaran 2022/2023. Dilatarbelakangi rendahnya antusias siswa pada mata pelajaran PAI, yang diakibatkan kurangnya ketertarikan siswa pada pembelajaran. Hal ini kurang tepatnya penerapan metode pembelajaran yang guru terapkan sehingga menyebabkan siswa merasa jenuh dan bosan. Kebosanan dan kejenuhan siswa menjadi salah satu penghambat proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara, dan dokumen. Teknik pengumpulan data ditujukan pada guru dan siswa yang bersangkutan untuk mendapatkan data tentang pelaksanaan penerapan metode Cooperative Learning (X) dan dokumentasi untuk mendapatkan data tentang keaktifan siswa (Y) pada pembelajaran PAI kelas  3  dan  4  di  MI  Fathan  Mubina  Tahun  Ajaran  2022-2023  dengan  jumlah  subjek penelitian   sebanyak   16   responden.   Hasil   data   penelitian   ini   dikatakan   memberikan peningkatan dengan bukti presentase awal siswa aktif di kelas 4 sebesar 30,8% menjadi 87,5% dan pada kelas 3 terlihat presesntase awal 47,5% menjadi, 96,3%. Hasil penerapan metode Cooperative Learning pada mata pelajaran PAI siswa kelas 3 dan 4 MI Fathan Mubina Tahun Ajaran 2022-2023 mengalami peningkatan 50%. Dengan adanya peningkatan antusias   siswa   dalam   bertanya,   berpendapat,   dan   menanggapi   pembelajaran   dikelas, penerapan metode ini   membantu siswa yang kurang dalam memahami pelajaran menjadi lebih mudah paham karena bantuan motivasi teman kelompoknya. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat  menjadi  bahan  informasi  dan  masukan  bagi  kegiatan  pembelajaran  di  sekolah khususnya di MI Fathan Mubina.
Analisis Peran Koperasi Multipihak Dalam Meningkatkan Ekonomi Masyarakat
Authors: Rini Azzahrawaani  , Putri Amalia  , Krisyanto Krisyanto  , Rizki Rosulan Illahi  , Azzahra Cahya Pramesti Putri
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran koperasi multipihak dalam meningkatkan ekonomi masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui Indetifikasi Sumber dan Kategorisasi Data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa koperasi multipihak berkontribusi signifikan dalam meningkatkan akses anggota terhadap sumber daya, mengembangkan kapasitas melalui pelatihan, menciptakan lapangan kerja, dan memberdayakan ekonomi lokal. Namun, tantangan seperti manajemen yang efektif, pendidikan anggota, dan keterlibatan aktif perlu diatasi untuk mencapai potensi maksimal koperasi. Oleh karena itu, disarankan agar koperasi meningkatkan pelatihan manajemen, memperkuat partisipasi anggota, dan menjalin kerjasama dengan pihak eksternal. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan wawasan bagi pengembangan koperasi multipihak sebagai alat untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat secara berkelanjutan.
ANALISIS PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI ANGGOTA MELALUI MODELKOPERASI MULTIPIHAK
Authors: Ardini Novia , Siti Novi Widowati  , Palomita Srimania Deangelica  , Khiren Anggun  , Ananda Azzahra Zahira
Published: November 2024

Analisis ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana ekonomi anggota bisa lebih terberdayakan melalui model koperasi multipihak. Penelitian ini meggunakan pendekatan metode literatur untuk menganalisis peran koperasi multi pihak dalam pemberdayaan ekonomi anggota. Proses penelitian dan laporan terkait dimulai dengan pengumpulan berbagai sumber literatur yang relevan, seperti artikel jurnal dan buku terkait. Sumber-sumber tersebut kemudian diseleksi berdasarkan kriteria tertentu, termasuk relevansi topik, tahun terbit dan kredibilitas penulis. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa koperasi multipihak mampu untuk lebih memberdayakan ekonomi para anggota melalui beberapa mekanisme dan program berbasis kolaborasi antara berbagai pihak yang terlibat.
Parasites of Innovation – The Dual Models of Neoliberal Urban Creativity
Authors: Hofmeyr Benda
Published: November 2024

This critical interrogation of the neoliberal agenda pivots around its usurpation of creativity as crystalized in the creative city and related urban politics in the global North. Cities being the engines of the economy (Jane Jacobs and Peter Hall), Florida and Landry advocate the creative city as the real motor force of the neoliberal economy – a kind of creativity that has little to do with spontaneous imaginative bottom-up urban regeneration but rather the fostering of a factitious or cultivated creativity through the top-down implementation of specific policy interventions. It is theorized that this artificially created creativity is incarnated in a direct and indirect model respectively that function differently to foster economic growth. While the direct model is glaringly invasive and overtly top-down, the indirect model is more insidious because more subtle and unobtrusive by utilizing negative planning measures to let the informal creative margins and interstices flourish “organically” – the latter serving as breeding ground upon which the former parasitizes. Together the direct and indirect models permeate the entire register of power operative in the creative city from macropolitical urban interventions to the microphysics of the individual creaworker. This contribution critically unpacks the dual models of neoliberal urban creativity and concludes by briefly touching upon the crucial question of resistance.
The Failure of Neoliberalism: The Case of Housing
Authors: Berry Mike
Published: November 2024

Housing is a high-order human need in all societies, at all times. Under capitalism, especially in its neoliberal era, access to housing that meets basic human needs has been denied to an increasing proportion of the population. This has and is resulting in rising levels of over-crowding and homelessness that both undermines the productivity of the economy and destroys the opportunities of increasing numbers of citizens. This paper traces the trajectory and causes of housing system failure in the most advanced Western nations. Foremost among the forces of failure are rising economic inequality and the political influence of vested interests in the property lobby. Suggestions are offered as to how policy interventions could reverse the momentum.
Neoliberal Urbanism – Public Space, Liberty, Equality, and Community
Authors: Bodnar Judit
Published: November 2024

Public space is premised on the free and equal access of citizens but its ‘order’ is always a precarious balance between homogeneity and diversity, freedom and oppression, superficial contact and deeper engagement. How is this balance tested and shifted by neoliberal urbanism when the city is both a site and agent in the process? Is the idea of public space still tenable with the increasing social polarization and diversification of citizens? How is the city shaped by commercialization and privatization, which are often blamed as the two main, related trends responsible for the recent transformation, or even alleged decline of public space? I argue in a few paradigmatic examples that we gain a less one-sided understanding of this transformation when it is viewed through an analytical lens that focuses on the reconfiguration of the modern republican matrix of liberty, equality and community, in which the ideal as well as critique of public space have historically been embedded.
The Neoliberal City, Democracy and Participation
Authors: Roberts John Michael
Published: November 2024

This paper outlines some characteristics of neoliberalism and examines their impact upon the city and upon democracy and participation in urban spaces. The paper first maps out some themes of neoliberal ideals. Following this, and focusing in particular on the United Kingdom, it explores how neoliberalism has embedded itself in cities. The paper then discusses how neoliberalism employs a language of democracy and participation in order to draw people into its orbit. Four interrelated strategies are mapped out to demonstrate how neoliberalism achieves these goals. The final substantive section argues that counter-neoliberal strategies can be forged by ordinary community members in and against neoliberalism. The article concludes with some final thoughts.
Moving Forward: Lived Experiences and Perspectives of Private-Tertiary Education Leaders of Koronadal City toward Post-Pandemic Education
Authors:   Green Valley College Foundation Incorporated, Rebollos Danilo , Protacio Adrian ,   Sultan Kudarat State University
Published: November 2024

This study looks at the real-life experiences of CEOs at private tertiary education institutions in Koronadal City, South Cotabato, Philippines, analyzing their strategies for adaptation and success in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. It seeks to identify successful leadership techniques and contribute to academic research and practical applications in policy creation and strategy planning. The research employed a phenomenological technique, analyzing the personal experiences of five leaders from a private tertiary education institution in Koronadal City. Data was obtained using purposive sampling, semi-structured interviews, and focus group discussions and analyzed using Braun and Clarke's (2006) thematic analysis approach. The findings demonstrate that leaders displayed flexibility and resilience by adopting online learning, investing in digital infrastructure, and engaging stakeholders in strategic planning. However, concerns such as financial restrictions and diverse stakeholder expectations were also identified. The study stresses the significance of strategic planning, stakeholder involvement, and digital infrastructure in maintaining educational continuity during crises. It stimulates additional research to compare leadership styles across public and private entities, as well as to analyze wider geographical locations. Enhancing digital infrastructure and professional development for educators is crucial for future education resilience.
Data Analytics Tool (DAT): A Data-Driven Decision- Making Tool for Business and Data Analytics Courses
Authors:   University of the East, Abaya Sheila , De Guzman Froilan ,   University of the East
Published: November 2024

Data Analytics Tool (DAT) is an application that collects and analyzes data in order to improve business processes and aid in discovering hidden trends and patterns thereby uncovering insights to make future data- driven and intelligent decisions. This project, which is aligned with the business and data analytic course contents of the University of the East, Caloocan, is intended for particular users, such as the faculty members and students enrolled in these courses, so as to uniformly use the application in simulating business analytics cases with the given data set in their respective classes. The application development was based on the principles of lean methodology since the model eliminates waste and improves efficiency for the team, thus maximizing the time for development. Various technologies in analyzing data were incorporated in the application such as data mining techniques, statistical measures, forecasting algorithms and decision analysis methods. These technologies were implemented using Visual Studio and was coded using C# programming language. DAT was evaluated for its effectiveness and efficiency as a data analytics tool by several faculty members and students in the classes of business and analytic courses using the ISO/IEC 20510 software quality assurance standard with the following criteria: functional suitability, performance efficiency, compatibility, usability, and reliability. The general weighted mean of 3.96 and 3.49 were gained from the faculty members and students respectively. Hence, the respondents “strongly agree” with the applicability and acceptability of the proposed application as a tool that can be used in analytic courses.
The Role of Business Intelligence in Enhancing the Performance of Supply Chains in Jordan
Authors: Arikat Zakieh Mahmoud Ahmad
Published: November 2024

The study problem is represented by the question: What is the role of business intelligence in enhancing the performance of supply chains in industrial companies in Jordan?. A quantitative descriptive design was used in this study to explore the role of business intelligence in improving supply chain performance in Jordan. The study sample was selected using a stratified random sample. The expected number of participants in the study is 300 participants to ensure adequate representation of industrial companies in Jordan. The results showed that there is a positive role for business intelligence in enhancing the performance of supply chains (agility, integration, efficiency, customer responsiveness) in industrial companies in Jordan. The Jordanian companies are recommended to increase their investments in enhancing the performances of supply chains by adaption of business intelligence tools and technologies. In addition, it should focus on the development of human skills through training programs, which will definitely enhance employees' capabilities to make better use of business intelligence technologies and data.
Improved Object Detection Algorithm Based on Multi-scale and Variability Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Yang Jiaxun , Gapar Yilihamujiang
Published: November 2024

This paper proposes an improved object detection algorithm based on a dynamically deformable convolutional network (D-DCN), aiming to solve the multi-scale and variability challenges in object detection tasks. First, we review traditional methods in the field of object detection and introduce the current research status of improved methods based on multi-scale and variability convolutional neural networks. Then, we introduce in detail our proposed improved algorithms, including an improved feature pyramid network and a dynamically deformable network. In the improved feature pyramid network, we introduce a multi-scale feature fusion mechanism to better capture target information at different scales. In dynamically deformable networks, we propose dynamic offset calculations and dynamic convolution operations to achieve dynamic adaptation to the target shape and pose. We also validate our method by conducting experiments on the datasets KITTI and Caltech. Finally, we design a comprehensive loss function that considers both location localization error and category classification error to guide model training. Experimental results show that our improved algorithm achieves significant performance improvements in target detection tasks, with higher accuracy and robustness compared with traditional methods. Our work provides an effective method to solve the multi-scale and variability challenges in target detection tasks and has high practical value and prospects for general application.
Real-Time Object Detection Using a Lightweight Two-Stage Detection Network with Efficient Data Representation
Authors: Wang Shaohuang
Published: November 2024

In this paper, we introduce a novel fast object detection framework, designed to meet the needs of real-time applications such as autonomous driving and robot navigation. Traditional processing methods often trade-off between accuracy and processing speed. To address this issue, we propose a hybrid data representation method that combines the computational efficiency of voxelization with the detail capture capability of direct data processing to optimize overall performance. Our detection framework comprises two main components: a Rapid Region Proposal Network (RPN) and a Refinement Detection Network (RefinerNet). The RPN is used to generate high-quality candidate regions, while the RefinerNet performs detailed analysis on these regions to improve detection accuracy. Additionally, we have implemented a variety of network optimization techniques, including lightweight network layers, network pruning, and model quantization, to increase processing speed and reduce computational resource consumption. Extensive testing on the KITTI and the NEXET datasets has proven the effectiveness of our method in enhancing the accuracy of object detection and real-time processing speed. The experimental results show that, compared to existing technologies, our method performs exceptionally well across multiple evaluation metrics, especially in meeting the stringent requirements of real-time applications in terms of processing speed.
LI3D-BiLSTM: A Lightweight Inception-3D Networks with BiLSTM for Video Action Recognition
Authors: Wang Fafa , Jin Xuebo , Yi Shenglun
Published: November 2024

This paper proposes an improved video action recognition method, primarily consisting of three key components. Firstly, in the data preprocessing stage, we developed multi-temporal scale video frame extraction and multi-spatial scale video cropping techniques to enhance content information and standardize input formats. Secondly, we propose a lightweight Inception-3D networks (LI3D) network structure for spatio-temporal feature extraction and design a soft-association feature aggregation module to improve the recognition accuracy of key actions in videos. Lastly, we employ a bidirectional LSTM network to contextualize the feature sequences extracted by LI3D, enhancing the representation capability for temporal data. To improve the model’s robustness and generalization ability, we introduced spatial and temporal scale data augmentation techniques in the preprocessing stage, effectively extracting video key frames and capturing key regional actions. Furthermore, we conducted an in-depth study on spatio-temporal feature extraction methods for video data, effectively extracting spatial and temporal information through the LI3D network and transfer learning. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves significant performance improvements in video action recognition tasks, providing new insights and approaches for research in related fields.
YOLOv8-Lite: A Lightweight Object Detection Model for Real-time Autonomous Driving Systems
Authors: Yang Ming , Fan Xiangyu
Published: November 2024

With the rapid development of autonomous driving technology, the demand for real-time and efficient object detection systems has been increasing to ensure vehicles can accurately perceive and respond to the surrounding environment. Traditional object detection models often suffer from issues such as large parameter sizes and high computational resource consumption, limiting their applicability on edge devices. To address this issue, we propose a lightweight object detection model called YOLOv8-Lite, based on the YOLOv8 framework, and improved through various enhancements including the adoption of the FastDet structure, TFPN pyramid structure, and CBAM attention mechanism. These improvements effectively enhance the performance and efficiency of the model. Experimental results demonstrate significant performance improvements of our model on the NEXET and KITTI datasets. Compared to traditional methods, our model exhibits higher accuracy and robustness in object detection tasks, better addressing the challenges in fields such as autonomous driving, and contributing to the advancement of intelligent transportation systems.
Mislabeling Tradition: Ethnographic Knowledge Production in the Qazaq SSR and Cultural Representation
Authors: Bolatkhan Aliya
Published: November 2024

This paper examines the production of ethnographic knowledge on Qazaq food culture by the Ethnography Department of the Qazaq SSR Academy of Sciences during its operational years. It adopts a comprehensive approach by juxtaposing fieldnotes and other materials gathered during more than ten expeditionary fieldworks across various regions of Qazaqstan with over twenty Soviet-period scholarly publications that resulted from these ethnographic expeditions. By combining content analysis and discourse analysis, this study aims to unravel the processes and methodologies that shaped the production of ethnographic knowledge about Qazaq food culture, focusing specifically on a traditional dish. This study asserts that the representation of a significant dish in Qazaq tradition, known as “et” among the Qazaq-speaking population, varied across publications of the Ethnography Department written in Russian during the initial period of its existence. These inconsistencies resulted from an interplay of factors, including the authors’ proficiency in the Qazaq language, their ethnic or cultural backgrounds, and the influence of the institutions where they were trained. Furthermore, this paper examines the reasons for the widespread link between “beshbarmak” and Qazaq culture during the Soviet period. It argues that “beshbarmak” frequently appeared in propaganda works as a Qazaq national dish, purportedly favored by Soviet citizens of various ethnic backgrounds. This alignment with the broader ideology of socialist internationalization significantly contributed to the dissemination of “beshbarmak” in both official and popular discourse as a symbol of Qazaq national cuisine.
Этногеография и численность казахов Жетысу в конце XIX – начале ХХ века
Authors: Байгабатова Назгуль К.
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the ethnogeography and number of Qazaqs in Zhetysu in the late 19th – early 20th centuries. The outcomes of an ethnographic study of the Qazaqs in the 18th – early 20th centuries, undertaken by many researchers, travelers, officials of the tsarist administration, officers of the General Staff as part of a large-scale study of Zhetysu, coupled with archival documents, statistical data, Qazaq folklore and information from periodicals, were the source material for identifying the characteristic features of the traditional tribal distribution of Qazaqs in Zhetysu and its further transformation. In this study, Zhetysu means part of the territory of the Semirechye Region of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, since during the period under review, the Qazaqs of Zhetysu formed the main population of the Lepsy, Kopal, Verny and Dzharkent Districts of the Semirechye Region within the Russian Empire. The study revealed that the tribal settlement of Qazaqs in the Semirechye Region was, foremost, determined by the nature of socio-economic relations and associated forms of land use that dominated the Qazaq aul during this period, by the geographical features of the region, as well as by historical and political events that took place in the region in the 18th – early 20th centuries. The Qazaqs who lived on the territory of Zhetysu are a striking example of a group whose traditional patterns of tribal settlement and sociocultural dynamics have undergone profound transformations over time. Studying the settlement of specific ethnic groups provides insight into the ways in which historical context and geographic factors intersect to influence and shape the lives of local communities.
Жайлау как центр поминальной обрядности древних тюрков и казахов XVIII–XIX веков
Authors: Ошанов Орынбай Ж.
Published: November 2024

The article comprehensively examines and supports the notion that the Qazaq tradition of conducting funeral ceremonies (ас беру) and the installation of stone statues in the early period were a singular ritual action. It is evident that the places of installation of stone statues from the Turkic period coincide with the places of holding funeral ceremonies among the Qazaqs. These locations within the steppe can be identified as distinct toponyms. As usual, these valleys are still associated with funeral ceremonies and are named in honor of this or that deceased as “hearth of such and such” (for example, "Ormanbet's hearth"/Орманбет ошағы) The “hearth”/ошақ was the place where the “field kitchens” were located during the funeral feast. Domestic animals were slaughtered, cauldrons were placed, and meat was constantly cooked for the guests. In some places in the steppe, remnants of the hearth have been preserved in the form of a hole or a place lined with stone. The article additionally presents the outcomes of field studies conducted in the relevant locales; outlines the customs and ancient rituals associated with the funeral feast; scrutinizes the elements of stone sculptures depicting dishes and utensils, demonstrating their connection to the ancient custom of funeral feasts; and delves into their semantic significance.
«Кукольная тема»: куыршақ в обряде, ритуале и современной художественной практике
Authors: Шайгозова Жанерке Н.
Published: November 2024

The traditional Qazaq doll quyrshaq completely fell out of use with the advent of industrial designs of European-style children’s dolls in the mid-twentieth century and, of course, with the leveling of the ritual tradition in the womb from which it originated. Starting from childhood, the doll transformed and accompanied its owner in direct and indirect form until old age. Hence, the traditional doll clearly demonstrates not only the chronology of a woman’s life, but also characterizes the purely female process of “communication” with higher powers, i. e. deities and spirits of the dead. Consideration of quyrshaq as an integral part of the female subculture in historical retrospect through the prism of the sacred and profane will reveal its features, concretize the historical and cultural relationships between neighboring and related peoples, and also trace the genesis of the changing tradition from antiquity to the present. The study of the doll in the indicated aspects allows us to better understand its role in traditional culture and comprehend the “doll boom” observed in modern artistic practice. Thus, the purpose of this article is to identify and analyze the phenomenon of the Qazaq quyrshaq as an integral part of the female subculture, which allows us to trace the changing tradition in the unity of the sacred and profane aspects in diachronic and synchronic ways.
The Alim-Kyrgyz clan group among the Qazaqs of the Northern Aral Sea region
Authors: Beknazarov Rakhim A.
Published: November 2024

The article examines the ethnic history of the Qazaq Alim-Kyrgyz group in the larger Qazaq ethnic association of the Alimuly (kaz. əлімұлы) of Junior Zhuz (Kiшi жүз), who lived in the Shalkar district of the Aktobe region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. There are different views on the time and circumstances of the appearance of the Alim-Kyrgyz in the Northern Aral region, where the local Qazaqs called them кірме ру (‘the incoming clan’). In different periods of the Qazaq ethnic history, there were cases when some Qazaq clans would include new Qazaq, and sometimes also non-Qazaq ethnic groups and call them the incoming clans. The new nomads arrived in groups (auls); sometimes they were descendants of prisoners forcibly moved from their former nomadic territories because of military raids. In the Junior Zhuz the Kyrgyz groups were also present in the Taz clan. During the middle of the 18th century, the Kyrgyz subclan played a significant role in the political affairs of the Junior Zhuz. The Qazaq Kyrgyz are repeatedly mentioned in various documents from the 19th century, for example, among other Qazaq clans that paid various taxes. Written sources and Qazaq shezhire (genealogies) speak of the inclusion and assimilation of the Kyrgyz subclan into the Qazaq ethnic structure. As late as the beginning of the 20th century, the memory of their migration from the Semirechye/Zhetysu Alatau was preserved. In conclusion, certain arguments are presented to suggest that the Kyrgyz arose in the Northern Aral Sea region during the first half of the 18th century, possibly during the reign of Abulkhayr Khan in the Junior Zhuz. Kyrgyz subclan groups are also present among such Qazaq tribes as Zhalaiyr and Naiman.
Impact of Ethical Frameworks in Clinical Care on Prescription Practices and Patient Outcomes
Authors:   Project Director, Enhancing Government and Digital Governance, Bangladesh Computer Council, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Hossain Md Shakhawat
Published: November 2024

The ethical decision-making process in a clinical setting is vital in improving patient care. Yet, many a time, the quality of the physician’s prescriptions is broken by outside forces like polypharmacy, private hospitals, and pathological laboratories. The research looks into the closely-knit workings of doctors and medical institutions, and how pharmaceutical companies reward strategies such as sponsored luncheons and conferences in order to sway health care policy. These become a problem because they lead to unnecessary treatment, higher costs of health care and even pain to the patients. Drawing on the analysis of the ethical problems created by such conflicts of interest, this essay seeks to highlight the need to incorporate rule utilitarianism in clinical decision making. Rule utilitarianism, which calls for adherence to core principles of ethics to enhance social good, is a solution to the problem of unscrupulous practices in medicine. The study suggests measures such as limiting the engagement of pharmaceutical marketers and adopting the use of Electronic Health Records (EHR) to enhance the quality of prescriptions. It has also proposed setting up an automated Prescription Quality Assessment System (APQAS) to monitor and maintain the quality of clinical prescriptions within and between healthcare facilities. Professional codes of ethics are seen as essential tools in upholding standard practices, especially for developing countries like Bangladesh and India, which have a poorly enforced regulatory environment and a culture of unethical behaviors. There is hope, that due conflicts of interest could be reduced with the use of ethical decision-making systems and modern health systems technologies such as emphasis on patients care.
RESSECÇÃO CIRÚRGICA DE GRANULOMA EOSINOFÍLICO EM PÊNIS: RELATO DE CASO EM EQUINO
Authors: Almeida João Duarte Dos Santos , Silva Mariana Alves de Andrade
Published: November 2024

This study reports the case of a 7-year-old Mangalarga Machador horse diagnosed with habronemiasis, characterized by granulomatous tumors in the genital region. The animal presented with rapidly growing nodules on the prepuce, without signs of urinary difficulties or significant weight loss. Following clinical evaluation, surgery was recommended for excision of the lesions, followed by histopathological analysis. The diagnosis confirmed the presence of eosinophilic granuloma, typical of habronemiasis. The surgery was successful, with good postoperative recovery and satisfactory healing. The study highlights the importance of accurate diagnosis and early intervention, demonstrating the efficacy of surgical treatment in resolving the disease, as well as the need to differentiate it from other conditions that cause similar lesions.
CRITÉRIOS NA QUANTIFICAÇÃO DO DANO MORAL SOB O VIÉS DA REFORMA DO CÓDIGO CIVIL E A JURISPRUDÊNCIA DO TJPA
Authors: Bonna Alexandre Pereira , Pinto Edrei Lael Yeshuah Miranda , Neves Jamilly Pita Teixeira das
Published: November 2024

The article examines the standards and challenges related to the quantification of moral damage, with an emphasis on brazilian doctrine and the jurisprudence of the Court of Justice of Pará (TJPA). The research explores the different possible standards to more objectively measure moral damage, and discusses the applicability of the two-phase method as a proposal to standardize the quantification of compensation for moral damage, promoting greater equity and predictability in decisions. Furthermore, the study evaluates proposals to reform the Civil Code, which seeks to consolidate very clear guidelines to guide the judge in assessing the damage. The analysis also reveals trends in the TJPA jurisprudence, pointing out how the reform can contribute to reducing subjectivity and disparity in decisions to set the compensation quantum.
EFICÁCIA DO TREINAMENTO DA MUSCULATURA DO ASSOALHO PÉLVICO ASSOCIADO A OUTROS RECURSOS FISIOTERAPÊUTICOS PARA TRATAMENTO DE MULHERES COM INCONTINÊNCIA URINÁRIA DE ESFORÇO: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Castilo Dillara Tércia Souza Del , Mendes Eline Gomes , Duarte Thaiana Bezerra
Published: November 2024

Background: Urinary Incontinence (UI) consists of any involuntary voiding loss, being frequent in the female population. The most common types of UI are: stress urinary incontinence (SUI), urge urinary incontinence (UUI), and mixed urinary incontinence (IUM). This condition negatively affects patients, impairing psychological well-being and quality of life. Physiotherapy plays an assertive role in the rehabilitation of patients suffering from Urinary Incontinence, with pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) being one of the most used resources to help prevent and treat this condition. Pourpose: To understand the efficacy of PFMT associated with other physical therapy resources in the treatment of women with SUI. Methods: This is a literature review study, whose databases were PEDro, Pubmed and Capes Journals. The inclusion criteria were articles from randomized clinical trials or experimental studies on the role of PFMT associated with other physical therapy resources in the treatment of women with SUI. Results: This review included seven articles that verified the efficacy of PFMT associated with other physiotherapeutic resources, of which PFMT in conjunction with biofeedback, electroacupuncture and resistance training obtained beneficial results with some caveats, while PFMT associated with reflective involuntary training did not obtain significant results. Conclusion: Pelvic floor muscle training remains the best protocol for reducing symptoms of stress urinary incontinence.
RECURSOS DA FISIOTERAPIA RESPIRATÓRIA EM PACIENTES COM DERRAME PLEURAL DRENADO
Authors: Orsi Camila Rodrigues
Published: November 2024

O derrame pleural é um acúmulo exacerbado de líquido no espaço pleural, podendo ser causado por variadas etiologias. Entre as manifestações clínicas estão a dispneia, dor torácica pleurítica, tosse não produtiva e febre. OBJETIVO: Realizar uma revisão literária para observar os recursos fisioterapêuticos disponíveis para o tratamento do derrame pleural. MÉTODOS: Revisão integrativa de literatura, com a seguinte pergunta norteadora: “Quais são os métodos fisioterapêuticos descritos na literatura para auxiliar no tratamento de pacientes com derrame pleural?”. A pesquisa foi realizada nas bases de dados da United States National Library of Medicine(PubMed), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). RESULTADOS: Foram identificados 300 artigos, e após análise dos métodos, dos títulos e da exclusão dos repetidos, selecionou-se 5 deles, que fizeram parte dos resultados. CONCLUSÃO: Observou-se que a fisioterapia respiratória aplicada no derrame pleural drenado, através de exercícios de mobilização, espirometria de incentivo, técnicas e exercícios respiratórios e o uso de CPAP, auxilia na minimização dos efeitos deletérios do acúmulo de líquido entre as pleuras, além do aumento de volumes e capacidades pulmonares e melhora as trocas gasosas, melhorando, assim, o padrão respiratório.
SÍNDROME DE PANDORA: ANÁLISE DO EIXO HIPOTÁLAMO-HIPÓFISEADRENAL E ESTRATÉGIAS DE ENRIQUECIMENTO AMBIENTAL.
Authors: Silva Bruna Leite Oliveira , Mattos Diego De
Published: November 2024

Feline idiopathic cystitis, also known as Pandora Syndrome, is a chronic condition that affects not only the lower urinary tract of cats but also endocrine and psychological aspects. The exact cause is not yet fully understood; however, studies have shown that there are predisposing factors such as genetics, obesity, environmental management, nutritional management, and stress, with stress being the primary factor. This study presents a literature review on the importance of effective management in the routine and life expectancy of cats and the role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in relation to stress. Chronic stimulation of this axis can lead to hormonal changes that directly affect the urinary bladder and contribute to idiopathic cystitis. The syndrome can be recurrent and chronic, and its pathogenesis is not yet fully elucidated. However, with appropriate treatment, many cats can lead a comfortable and highquality life. Therefore, understanding and effectively managing idiopathic cystitis, as well as controlling clinical signs, will significantly contribute to the advancement of knowledge about the disease and, consequently, to the well-being of cats affected by this syndrome.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DO APLICATIVO DESTINADO A PREVENÇÃO E CUIDADOS DO CÂNCER DE MAMA E DO COLO DE ÚTERO
Authors: Vitória Isaque dos Santos , Andrade Natália Cristina de , Macedo Ana Paula Fernandes de Oliveira
Published: November 2024

Este artigo trata-se do desenvolvimento de um aplicativo destinado a prevenção do câncer de mama e do colo de útero, o app Amiga se toca traz conhecimento para pessoas que não são da área da saúde sobre patologias que acometem milhares de mulheres em todo o mundo, desenvolvido e disponibilizado na play story em outubro de 2023, a utilização deste app auxilia as mulheres levando informações como o que é a patologia, sinais e sintomas, tratamento e informações sobre o autocuidado, além disso um de seus recurso é disponibilizar a localização mais próxima de unidades de saúde que podem auxiliar nos primeiros atendimentos a possíveis casos casos patológicos.