bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physicochemical and Performance Assessment of Clay Based Refractory Bricks for Incinerator Application
Authors: Iliya Ezekiel , Oluwole Amoko
Published: March 2023

Refractories bricks’ excellent thermomechanical and chemical resistant features makes it invaluable materials in modular incinerator ˃ 1000 °C applications. In this research, suitable physicochemical and performance evaluation were employed using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), dimensional property assessment, linear shrinkage and water absorption analysis. The samples were sourced from Auchi (ARB1), Afowa (ARB2), Ayogwiri (ARB3), Aviele (ARB4) and Agbede (ARB5) clay minerals deposit in Edo North, Edo State, Nigeria. Then green compact samples were fired into dense phase. The result from the XRF study revealed a generally established composition of ARB1 clay mineral of SiO2: 44.34%, Al2O3: 36.36% and others. ARB2 clay mineral of SiO2: 41.78%, Al2O3: 39.62% and others. ARB3 clay mineral of SiO2: 45.04%, Al2O3: 34.01% and others. ARB4 clay mineral of SiO2: 40.12%, Al2O3: 38.96% and others. ARB5 clay mineral of SiO2: 47.03%, Al2O3: 34.52% and others. The elemental composition of ARB1-5 revealed a similar trend of alumina and silica content to high-Al2O3 bricks (SiO2: 45.0 – 56.0%, Al2O3: 39.0 – 48.0% and others) and commercial clay bricks (SiO2: 48.0%, Al2O3: 36.96% and others) respectively. An average lower percentage error ERL, ERW, and ERH of ARB1 samples 0.148, 0.248 and 0.28% were recorded respectively. The average linear shrinkage and water absorption analysis of 9.91 and 4.71% demonstrated a potential for high elasticity of modulus. The overall data from this research shows that ARB1-5 bricks can find use in incinerator and high temperature applications.
Empowering Women Worker’s Group Through Mentoring Management, Innovation, and Branding Product of Pants Convection
Authors: Laila Azzah Nor , Dzulqarnain Muhammad Idlom , Tamrin Husni , Hardiputra Hardiyanto
Published: March 2023

Pants convection is a home business from cloth in the village of Sukosono, Jepara. The community of mothers and teenagers are interested in entrepreneurship and work in the convection sector because they tend to be more flexible and can be done at home. A large number of workers and the production of the pants convection are not matched by management, product innovation, and marketing strategies. This resulted in a buildup of products, but reduced market demand. This service program aims to assist business management, as well as increase the creativity of workers in creating innovations, branding, and marketing methods so that confectionery products can compete in the market. Partners in this service are pants convection entrepreneurs in the village of Sukosono, Jepara. The method of this community service was Asset Based Community Development (ABCD), starting from the step of discovery, design, dream, define through a survey on the community. Then the step destiny through training, assistance with product brand design and marketing, then step reflection through monitoring and evaluation. The results of this assistance show that the community has an awareness of the importance of product innovation, branding, and improving the marketing system. In the product aspect, this assistance resulted in innovative pants made of woven materials, product brand logos with the name of clothing houses, and marketing through marketplaces.
Strengthening Music Learning at SMKN
Authors: Sulistyowati Ratih , Munte Alfonso , Silipta Silipta , Rudie Rudie
Published: March 2023

The Community Engagement (PkM) of the Faculty of Teacher Training of Christian Education choosing the topic is because: Firstly, the author considers SMKN 1 Pulang Pisau to be a potential high school for activities because their Principal is an arts graduate. Second, the school has complete musical equipment as far as the author is concerned. Third, the location and venue of SMKN 1 Pulang Pisau is spacious and adequate as a location for activities. Fourth, the school was able to command all secondary school principals to send representatives of teachers who had taught in the cultural arts department. We explored creative strategies through an ensemble approach in interfaith music learning after reinforcement and/or empowerment. The implementation method in PkM that we have done is Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) method with implementation stages through discovery, dream, design, define and destiny. Our PkM team evaluated the implementation and sustainability of the program at SMKN 1 Pulang Pisau for 4 days. As a result, the beneficiaries were able to plan, select methods, and implement Cultural Arts learning, with music specifications through an ensemble approach. The ensemble as a national music landscape is able to produce musical creativity and resonant rhythms through materials around the beneficiary schools. For example, gallons, bamboo, and wood.
Mentoring Program on Conducting Research and Writing Scientific Paper for Civil Servant Teachers
Authors: Kholiq Abdul
Published: March 2023

Teachers with the status of civil servants have to write scientific papers for promotion. It is relatively complex for them since they are not used to conducting research or writing research articles to be published in a scientific journal. Therefore, this service was accomplished to assist teachers in carrying out research in their madrasahs and writing scientific papers to be published. The service method employed was Participatory Action Research (PAR) with the approach including 1) Lecturing, 2) Workshop, 3) Review, 4) Action Plan, and 5) Seminar. Furthermore, the objects of mentoring activities were 20 civil servant teachers at private madrasahs in Semarang City. The results of this activity were that teachers could write proposals, carry out research in the classroom, and report the findings in journal articles. Overall, assisted teachers had a 'sensitivity' in recognizing problems in the classroom and analyzing them. Their self-confidence as professional educators developed with the rise of awareness in writing research articles.
Analyzing computational thinking studies in Scratch programming: A review of elementary education literature
Authors: Stewart William , Baek Kwanoo
Published: March 2023

Computational Thinking (CT) has become popular in recent years and has been recognized as an essential skill in the digital age. CT literature, however, is at an early stage of development, and there is no consensus among researchers/scholars and to date, many scholars and practitioners have been unable to concretely explain what CT is, or how to teach or assess this skill set. The purpose of this literature review is to examine papers that focus on CT in terms of elementary education, elementary-aged learners, and related issues/considerations in order to provide a better understanding of the CT in an elementary context. An inductive qualitative content analysis was conducted on 61 papers set in elementary school settings about CT from 2010-2020. Five main themes emerged from the review: exploiting tangible blocks in a physical coding environment, integrating Scratch into various disciplines through programming, Scratch gaming for computational thinking, evaluating computational thinking skills through Scratch projects, and teaching and learning methods/factors affecting CT in children. Implications for practice and directions for future research are discussed.
THE SPECIFICS OF THE IMAGE COMPONENT OF THE NEW CULTURAL-HUMANITARIAN HOLIDAYS IN RUSSIA
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Buzalskaia Elena
Published: March 2023

The author aims to determine the denotation-reference map of new cultural and humanitarian holidays reflected in modern calendars. As a result of the survey of native speakers (234 people aged 17 to 70 years), only 20 holidays out of 50 passed the five percent threshold for knowledge of the existence of a holiday. Some of them are not related to religious or mythological systems, others refer to religious and mythological systems. The second part of the study was conducted in order to identify those holidays that have repetitive patterns of behavior. It was revealed that only 12 new calendar dates have such properties (International Day of Friendship; Intenational Yoga Day; World Kissing Day / International Kiss Day; International Cat Day, International Coffee Day; International Dance Holiday; International Hug Day; Earth Hour; Halloween; Day of the Dead; St Patrick’s Day; Valentine’s Day). The third stage was the identification of typical actions and holiday-related objects using a distributive analysis of the contexts describing them in the media. The results of the study indicate the predominance of the aesthetic function of a modern holiday over a world-modeling one and prove the hypothesis that when a holiday is transferred to another culture, it moves from a religious or mythological picture of the world to a naive one and loses its ritualism and sacred meaning. The results of the data analysis show that the cultural — humanitarian holiday, as a variant of the secular holiday concept, is distinguished by the predominance of the individual aspect over the social, the absence of a ritual component and connection with the narrative at the base of the event; the absence of a system of statuses, the presence of a system of roles; the absence of the process of creating a different space; these holidays are not a means of ethno-cultural identification. The obtained lists of dominant lexemes of cultural-humanitarian holidays are useful in selecting cultural material for creating textbooks on the Russian language for foreign students. The material of the analysis was the articles of the newspaper subcorpus of the Russian National Corpus. Refs 19.
THE TERM DIASYRTICUS IN SERVIUS’ COMMENTARY ON THE AENEID (SERV. IN AEN. 2, 80–193)
Authors:   Institute for Linguistic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazanskaya Maria N. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: March 2023

The article examines a fairly rare term of Greek origin, diasyrticus, that is used four times in Servius’ commentary on Sinon’s speech in the second book of Vergil’s Aeneis (Serv. in Aen. 2, 80–193). Although this term does sporadically appear in scholia to other Roman poets, Servius’ use of it four times over a limited stretch of his commentary, as well as the fact that he does not use either diasyrticus or the adverb diasyrtice in any other passage of his commentary, is remarkable. The article seeks to determine the exact meaning of the term diasyrticus, as well as to describe its usage in works of Roman scholars and critics, to trace its origins and estimate at what point the Greek term might have entered the terminological apparatus of Roman literary criticism; finally, a possible source for Servius’ use of diasyrticus is suggested. It is shown that the semantics of the Greek adjective διασυρ- τικóς, which derives from the noun διασύρτης ‘malicious liar, detractor’, combines two aspects, designating the speech of one who seeks to fool his listeners or to slander someone or something before their eyes, but also does this with malicious intent, taking a mean delight in their gullibility. It appears that the term διασυρτικóς began to be used by Roman scholars and critics at the end of the first century BCE (cf. the use of διασυρτικός in Περὶ τρόπων of the Alexandrian grammarian Trypho who, according to the tradition, taught in Rome at that time). Among the occurrences of diasyrticus in Roman scholarship, Aelius Donatus’ use of it in his commentary on Terence is particularly significant. Donatus was also the author of an important commentary on Vergil (now largely lost), and an important source for Servius as he was composing his own commentary. It is therefore highly probable that it was ultimately from Donatus’ work that Servius adopted the term diasyrticus, limiting its application, however, only to Sinon’s speech. Refs 13.
GERMAN DICTIONARY OF MIKHAIL LOMONOSOV: PROJECT OUTCOMES
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Filippov Konstantin A. , Volkov Sergei S. ,   Institute for Linguistic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Grigor’eva Liubov’ N. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Koryshev Mikhail V. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Manerova Kristina V. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Filippov Andrei K. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: March 2023

From 2009 to 2020 researchers from St Petersburg State University and the Institute of Linguistic Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences have been working on a project to create a dictionary of German-language texts by Mikhail Lomonosov. The basic principle of the dictionary implies the complete coverage of lexicon, regardless of the status and frequency of individual words. One of the major tasks of the dictionary is to demonstrate the personality of Lomonosov as a thinker and creator, who was fluent in several languages, using linguistic material. M. V. Lomonosov’s German dictionary is a bilingual dictionary that provides a lexicographic description of words belonging to texts of different genres (letters, business documents, scientific and educational texts). The structure of dictionary entries includes extensive historical, sociolinguistic, biographical comments. The material of Lomonosov’s German-language texts made it possible to reveal a number of linguistic facts that characterize the nuances of the functioning of individual words within his idiolect, including nouns in the role of addresses, proper names (anthroponyms, toponyms, ideonyms), verbs, functional words and abbreviations. These facts include the frequency of certain lexical units, their collocability, use in a figurative context, sociocultural coloring, etc. The results of the project allow us to expand our understanding of the multifaceted personality of Lomonosov and at the same time place his German texts in the context of the German language of the 18th century. Refs 16.
The Interplay between Noncoding RNAs and p21 Signaling in Gastrointestinal
Cancer: From Tumorigenesis to Metastasis
Authors: Rahmani Farzad , Zandigohar Mehrdad , Safavi Pegah , Behzadi Maryam , Ghorbani Zeynab , Payazdan Mahya , Ferns Gordon , Hassanian Seyed Mahdi , Avan Amir
Published: March 2023

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are emerging as important regulators in various pathological conditions,
including human cancers. NcRNAs exert potentially crucial effects on cell cycle progression, proliferation,
and invasion in cancer cells by targeting various cell cycle-related proteins at transcriptional and post-transcriptional
levels. As one of the key cell cycle regulatory proteins, p21 is involved in various processes, including
the cellular response to DNA damage, cell growth, invasion, metastasis, apoptosis, and senescence. P21 has
been shown to have either a tumor-suppressive or oncogenic effect depending on the cellular localization and
posttranslational modifications. P21 exerts a significant regulatory effect on both G1/S and G2/M checkpoints
by regulating the function of cyclin-dependent kinase enzymes (CDKs) or interacting with proliferating cell nuclear
antigen (PCNA). P21 has an important effect on the cellular response to DNA damage by separating DNA
replication enzymes from PCNA and inhibiting DNA synthesis resulting in G1 phase arrest. Furthermore, p21
has been shown to negatively regulate the G2/M checkpoint through the inactivation of cyclin-CDK complexes.
In response to any cell damage caused by genotoxic agents, p21 exerts its regulatory effects by nuclear preservation
of cyclin B1-CDK1 and preventing their activation. Notably, several ncRNAs, including lncRNAs and
miRNAs, have been shown to be involved in tumor initiation and progression through the regulation of the p21
signaling axis. In this review, we discuss the miRNA/lncRNA-dependent mechanisms that regulate p21 and
their effects on gastrointestinal tumorigenesis. A better understanding of the regulatory effects of ncRNAs on
the p21 signaling may help to discover novel therapeutic targets in gastrointestinal cancer.
Apatinib Inhibits Bladder Cancer through Suppression of the VEGFR2-
PI3K-AKT Signaling Pathway as Revealed by Network Pharmacology and
in vitro Experimental Verification
Authors: Wang Weiwei , Chen Lin , Yang Jin , Hu Dandan , Yang Yafei , Dong Taotao , Long Xiaoming , Zou Yujian , Li Jia , Ma Xudong , Dai Wenbin , Zhou Xin , Chen Bo , Su Yao
Published: March 2023

Aims:

This study aimed to evaluate the underlying pharmacological mechanisms of
Apatinib anti-bladder cancer via network pharmacology and experimental verification.

Methods:

Network pharmacology was used to screen the possible signaling pathways of Apatinib
in bladder cancer, and the most likely pathway was selected for in vitro validation. CCK-8 and colony
formation assay were used to detect the effect of Apatinib on the proliferation of bladder cancer
cells. Hoechst staining and flow cytometry detected apoptosis of bladder cancer cells induced
by Apatinib. Western blot was performed to distinguish the effect of Apatinib on the expression
levels of key targets.

Results:

Apatinib can affect many signaling pathways and the correlation of the PI3K-AKT
signaling pathway was the greatest. In vitro experiments showed that Apatinib could inhibit
bladder cancer cell proliferation, induce apoptosis, and up-regulate the expression of apoptosisrelated
proteins Cleaved-PARP and down-regulate the expression of Bcl-2. Furthermore, Apatinib
could decrease the protein expression of VEGFR2, P-VEGFR2, P-PI3K and P-AKT.

Conclusions:

Apatinib could promote apoptosis of bladder cancer cells by inhibiting the VEGFR2-
PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.
Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles and Stressors Generate Synergistic Growth
Inhibition in Candida Species through Cell Wall Damage, Osmotic Stress,
and Oxidative Stress
Authors: Cervantes-Chávez José Antonio , García-Bouchot Gastón , García-Gutiérrez Nataly , Vergara- Castañeda Hayde Azeneth , Nava-Mendoza Rufino , Luna-Bárcenas Gabriel , Elizalde-Peña Eduardo Arturo , Esquivel-Naranjo Edgardo Ulises , Landeros-Jaime Fidel , Rojas-Avelizapa Norma Gabriela , Pool Héctor
Published: March 2023

Background:

The need to combat and reduce the incidence, virulence, and drug resistance
of species belonging to Candida genus, has led to the development of new strategies.
Nanotechnology, through the implementation of nanomaterials, has emerged as an infallible tool
to treat various diseases caused by pathogens, where its mechanisms of action prevent the development
of undesirable pharmacological resistance.

Objective:

The antifungal activity and adjuvant properties of biogenic silver nanoparticles in different
Candida species (C. parapsilosis, C. glabrata, and C. albicans) are evaluated.

Methods:

The biogenic metallic nanoparticles were developed by quercetin-mediated biological
synthesis. The physicochemical properties were studied by light scattering, electrophoretic mobility,
UV-vis and infrared spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The elucidation of
mechanisms of antifungal action was carried out under stress conditions in Candida species at the
cell wall and response to oxidative stress.

Results:

Small silver nanoparticles (≈ 16.18 nm) with irregular morphology, and negative surface
electrical charge (≈ -48.99 mV), were obtained through quercetin-mediated biosynthesis. Infrared
spectra showed that the surface of silver nanoparticles is functionalized with the quercetin molecule.
The antifungal activity of biogenic nanoparticles had efficacy in the following trend C. glabrata
≥ C. parapsilosis > C. albicans. Biogenic nanoparticles and stressors showed synergistic
and potentiated antifungal effects through cell damage, osmotic stress, cell wall damage, and oxidative
stress.

Conclusion:

Silver nanoparticles synthesized by quercetin-mediated biosynthesis could be implemented
as a powerful adjuvant agent to enhance the inhibition effects of diverse compounds
over different Candida species.
The Characteristics of Entorhinal Cortex Functional Connectivity in
Alzheimer’s Disease Patients with Depression
Authors: Zhu Haokai , Zhu Hong , Liu Xiaozheng , Wei Fuquan , Li Huichao , Guo Zhongwei
Published: March 2023

Background:

Depression is one of the most common neuropsychiatric symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) which decreases the life quality of both patients and caregivers. There are currently no effective drugs. It is therefore important to explore the pathogenesis of depression in AD patients.

Objective:

The present study aimed to investigate the characteristics of the entorhinal cortex (EC) functional connectivity (FC) in the whole brain neural network of AD patients with depression (D-AD).

Methods:

Twenty-four D-AD patients, 14 AD patients without depression (nD-AD), and 20 healthy controls underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. We set the EC as the seed and used FC analysis. One-way analysis of variance was used to examine FC differences among the three groups.

Results:

Using the left EC as the seed point, there were FC differences among the three groups in the left EC–inferior occipital gyrus. Using the right EC as the seed point, there were FC differences among the three groups in the right EC–middle frontal gyrus, –superior parietal gyrus, –superior medial frontal gyrus, and –precentral gyrus. Compared with the nD-AD group, the D-AD group had increased FC between the right EC and right postcentral gyrus.

Conclusion:

Asymmetry of FC in the EC and increased FC between the EC and right postcentral gyrus may be important in the pathogenesis of depression in AD.
Sleep Characteristics in Older Adults with Different Levels of Risk for
Dementia: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Huang Xiuxiu , Zhang Shifang , Fang Yuxi , Zhao Xiaoyan , Cao Ting , Sun Yongan , Wan Qiaoqin
Published: March 2023

Background:

Sleep problems are very prevalent in older adults, especially in those at risk for dementia. But the relationships between sleep parameters and subjective or objective cognitive decline are still inconclusive.

Aim:

The study aimed to investigate the self-reported and objectively measured sleep characteristics in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and subjective cognitive decline (SCD).

Methods:

This study adopted a cross-sectional design. We included older adults with SCD or MCI. Sleep quality was measured separately by the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and ActiGraph. Participants with SCD were divided into low, moderate, and high levels of SCD groups. Independent samples T-tests, one-way ANOVA, or nonparametric tests were used to compare the sleep parameters across groups. Covariance analyses were also performed to control the covariates.

Results:

Around half of the participants (45.9%) reported poor sleep quality (PSQI＜7), and 71.3% of participants slept less than 7 hours per night, as measured by ActiGraph. Participants with MCI showed shorter time in bed (TIB) (p＜0.05), a tendency of shorter total sleep time (TST) at night (p = 0.074) and for each 24-hour cycle (p = 0.069), compared to those with SCD. The high SCD group reported the highest PSQI total score and longest sleep latency than all the other three groups (p＜0.05). Both the MCI and high SCD groups had shorter TIB and TST for each 24-hour cycle than the low or moderate SCD groups. Besides, participants with multiple-domain SCD reported poorer sleep quality than those with single-domain SCD (p＜0.05).

Conclusion:

Sleep dysregulation is prevalent in older adults with a risk for dementia. Our findings revealed that objectively measured sleep duration might be an early sign of MCI. Individuals with high levels of SCD demonstrated poorerself-perceived sleep quality and deserved more attention. Improving sleep quality might be a potential target to prevent cognitive decline for people with a risk for dementia.
Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Inhibitors
Authors: Zhang Xun , Dong Nazhen , Hu Xiaoyan
Published: March 2023

The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a crucial role in the development, tissue ho-meostasis, angiogenesis, and carcinogenesis of cancer. Mutations and excessive activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in cancer cells and cancer stem cells lead to drug resistance and recurrence of cancer in patients treated with conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Upregu-lation of proangiogenic factors is persistently induced by hyperactivated Wnt/β-catenin signaling during tumor angiogenesis. Furthermore, mutations and hyperactivated Wnt/β-catenin signaling are associated with worse outcomes in several human cancers, including breast cancer, cervical cancer, and glioma. Therefore, mutations and hyperactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling create challenges and limitations in cancer treatment. Recently, in silico drug design as well as high-throughput as-says and experiments have demonstrated the promising anticancer efficacy of chemotherapeutics, such as blocking the cancer cell cycle, inhibiting cancer cell proliferation and endothelial cell angi-ogenesis, inducing cancer cell apoptosis, removing cancer stem cells, and enhancing immune re-sponses. Compared to conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy, small-molecule inhibitors are considered the most promising therapeutic strategy for targeting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling path-way. Herein, we review the current small-molecule inhibitors of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling path-way, focusing on Wnt ligands, Wnt receptors, the β-catenin destruction complex, ubiquitin ligases and proteasomal destruction complex, β-catenin, β-catenin-associated transcriptional factors and co-activators, and proangiogenic factors. We describe the structure, mechanisms, and functions of these small molecules during cancer treatment in preclinical and clinical trials. We also review sev-eral Wnt/β-catenin inhibitors reported to exhibit anti-angiogenic effects. Finally, we explain various challenges in the targeting of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in human cancer treatment and suggest potential therapeutic approaches to human cancer.
Research Progress of 3D Printing Technology for Pharmaceutical
Preparation
Authors: Tang Liqiang , Xie Baocheng
Published: March 2023

Pharmaceutical preparation is a kind of finished pharmaceutical product made by combining
raw materials with various auxiliary materials in a certain form. At present, the field of
pharmaceutical preparations can meet most drug needs, but there are some limitations. It is difficult
to realize the production of personalized preparations. Because 3D printing technology has the ability
of precise dose control and flexible shape customization, it can realize precise control of drug
dosage, release behavior and local targeting in pharmaceutical preparations. Therefore, in medicine,
3D printing technology is increasingly used in the field of pharmaceutical preparations. 3D printing
technology provides an important means for new drug printing and personalized drug customization
of pharmaceutical preparations in the medical field. The 3D printing technology of drugs will inject
fresh vitality into individualized drug delivery. Therefore, the development trend of 3D printing
technology for pharmaceutical preparations has attracted more and more attention. In order to optimize
the wide application of 3D printing technology in pharmaceutical preparation, 3D printing
technology such as inkjet 3D printing technology, extrusion 3D printing technology and laser 3D
printing technology were studied. In this paper, the selection, classification and introduction of 3D
printing technology such as inkjet 3D printing technology, extrusion 3D printing technology and
laser 3D printing technology in pharmaceutical preparations are reviewed. Through the investigation
of various patents of 3D printing technology applied to pharmaceutical preparation in medicine, this
paper summarizes and analyzes the main problems of 3D printing technology applied to pharmaceutical
preparations, such as printing stability, production quality, etc. In addition, the development
trend of 3D printing technology is also discussed. Optimization of various 3D printing technologies
applied to pharmaceutical preparation in medicine is beneficial to improve printing stability and
production quality in medicine. More related patents will be invented in the future.
Sorafenib Loaded Resealed Erythrocytes for the Treatment of Hepatocellular
Carcinoma
Authors: Desai Raj M. , Desai Neha , Momin Munira , Bhatt Lokesh Kumar
Published: March 2023

Background:

This study aims to formulate and characterize sorafenib-loaded resealed erythrocytes
(SoRE) and investigate their anticancer activity in a rat model of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Methods:

SoRE were prepared by hypotonic dialysis of red blood cells obtained from Wistar rats using
a range of drug-containing dialysis mediums (2-10 mg/ml) and osmosis time (30-240 mins). Optimized
SoRE (8 mg/mL and 240 mins) were characterized for size, morphology, stability, entrapment
efficiency, in vitro release profiles, and in vivo efficacy evaluations. For efficacy studies, optimized
SoRE were intravenously administered to Wistar rats having hepatocellular lesions induced by aflatoxin
B and monitored for in vivo antineoplastic activity.

Results:

The amount of sorafenib entrapped was directly proportional to the drug concentration in the
dialysis medium and duration of osmosis; highest for 10 mg/mL and 240 minutes and lowest for 2
mg/mL and 30 minutes, respectively. Optimized SoRE were biconcave with a size of 112.7 nm and
zeta potential of -11.95 ± 2.25 mV. Osmotic and turbulence fragility were comparable with native
erythrocytes.

Conclusion:

Drug release follows the first-order pattern. In vivo investigations reveal better anticancer
activity of SoRE formulation compared to sorafenib standard preparation. Resealed erythrocytes loaded
with sorafenib displayed first-order in vitro release and promising anticancer activity in a rat model
of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Perioperative Application of 2% Lidocaine
Authors:   Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Solo Indonesia, Dewi Fitri Hapsari , Nugroho Andy ,   Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Solo, Muttaqin Fandi Ahmad ,   Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Solo
Published: March 2023

Perioperative intravenous lidocaine (IVL) can help minimize opioid-related side effects that impede the postoperative recovery process. Neurological side effects were averaged at an 8 mg/kg dose, and cardiotoxicity side effects were reported at plasma values greater than 21 g/ml. Approximately 90% of lidocaine is converted to monoethylglycinexylidide (MEGX) in the liver via oxidative demethylation (dealkylation). Analysis of MEGX concentrations after lidocaine administration can be a method used to evaluate liver function. Perioperative intravenous lidocaine lowers discomfort, nausea, the duration of ileus, the need for opioids, and the length of time spent in the hospital after surgery. During injection, low blood concentrations can result in these symptoms, which may last for several hours or days after termination. Postoperative problems, such as pain and organ failure, can be caused by anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory components. Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-hyperalgesic are just some of the other effects of lidocaine. It also decreases the volume of the airways and the rate of breathing, prolongs the duration of exhalation, reduces the respiratory rate and tidal volume, also causes vasoconstriction at low concentrations and vasodilation at high concentrations. In clinical applications, lidocaine can prevent propofol injection pain, improve postoperative recovery, and play a role in various surgical procedures. Perioperative IVL application is proven to provide more benefits in various surgeries compared to other available anesthetic options. Very few studies have systematically analyzed the occurrence of side effects, and the quality of evidence is low.
Dexmedetomidine for Awake Intubation Procedure in Subtotal Thyroidectomy
Authors:   Residency Program of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Medical Faculty, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta Indonesia, Riyanti Riandini Pramudita , Hapsari Paramita Putri ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Dr Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta Indonesia
Published: March 2023

Background: Giant struma makes airway management difficult for the anesthesiologist due to the risk of tracheal intubation failure. Awake fiberoptic intubation(AFOI) is the gold standard in the management of a predicted difficult airway. Giving analgesia and sedation can facilitate operator and patient comfort during the awake intubation procedure. Case: We report the case of a 63-year-old woman with a giant struma who was planned for a subtotal thyroidectomy. We provide ondansetron and dexamethasone premedication, analgesia and sedation using dexmedetomidine, propofol induction, muscle relaxant atracurium, with maintenance anesthetic sevoflurane. Dexmedetomidine was administered on loading dose 0.8 µg /kg/hour in the first 10 minutes then continue on analgesia dose 0.2 µg /kg. During the AFOI procedure, 100% oxygenation was given with the patient's hemodynamic range, namely systolic blood pressure of 110-131 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure of 75-93 mmHg, heart rate of 77-91 beats per minute, and SpO2 of 98-100%. Postoperatively the patient was transferred to the Intensive care unit (ICU) with an endotracheal tube intube. Monitoring of postoperative complications such as production of thyroid crisis drainage and extubation 24 hours after surgery was confirmed by the cuff leak test. Conclusion: Giving dexmedetomidine is better than opioids in the AFOI procedure because of its minimal respiratory depressant effect. Maintaining hemodynamic stability during the AFOI procedure is very important to avoid hemodynamic fluctuations so it can minimize the risk of perioperative complications.
Comparison Between Hydrocortisone and Dexamethasone Given Intraperitoneally for Postoperative Pain Relief in Patients After Laparoscopic Hysterectomy – an Observational Study
Authors:   Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care. Sree Gokulam Medical College and Research Foundation, Trivandrum India, Sugathan Reshma , Sasikumar Shari ,   Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care. Sree Gokulam Medical College and Research Foundation, Trivandrum India, Alif Muhammed ,   Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care. Sree Gokulam Medical College and Research Foundation, Trivandrum India
Published: March 2023

Background: Pain after laparoscopic surgeries is a common complaint which can prolong hospital stay and delay recovery. Different methods have been developed to manage pain after laparoscopic hysterectomy. One such technique is intraperitoneal instillation of local anaesthetics with adjuvants like hydrocortisone, dexmeditomedine, magnesium sulphate. Various studies have confirmed the efficacy of local anaesthetics with hydrocortisone for analgesia. Studies comparing sole use of steroids are few. We thus devised to conduct a study to compare how effective hydrocortisone or dexamethasone administered intraperitoneally is in causing relief from pain after laparoscopic hysterectomy. Methods: We conducted an observational study, 60 patients planned for laparoscopic hysterectomy were classified into two groups. Group A (n=30) who received 100 mg hydrocortisone in 50 ml normal saline intraperitoneally and Group B (n=30) who received 8 mg dexamethasone in 50 ml normal saline intraperitoneally. Abdominal and shoulder pain was assessed using visual analogue scale (VAS) at 1, 6, 12 and 24 hour after surgery. Results: Both Group A and B had similar efficacy in providing both abdominal pain and shoulder pain relief post operatively. Both groups had no rescue analgesic requirement after 12 hour. Both drugs were has low incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Conclusion: Intraperitoneal dexamethasone is as equally effective as hydrocortisone in providing postoperative analgesia and antiemesis after laparoscopic hysterectomy
Isolation and Screening of Lactic Acid Bacteria From Sumbawa Buffalo Milk (Bubalus bubalis) as Potential Starter Cultures
Authors:   University of Brawijaya, Harmoko Deni , Ardyati Tri , Jatmiko Yoga Dwi
Published: March 2023

The Sumbawa buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is one of the ruminant livestock in Indonesia that not only contributes to fulfilling meat requirements but also milk. Besides containing nutrients that are very beneficial for human health, buffalo milk is also a potential source of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with technological and functional properties. Lactic acid bacteria have been utilized as starter cultures in various fermented products. This study aimed to isolate LAB from Sumbawa buffalo milk and to identify the potential isolate as a starter culture. The screening of LAB as a starter culture was based on some technological properties, including proteolytic activity, lipolytic activity, exopolysaccharide (EPS) production, antibacterial activity, antibiotic sensitivity, hemolytic activity, and acidification activity Data were analyzed statistically using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test at a 5% significance level. A total of 21 isolates were isolated from fresh buffalo milk, with a LAB total was 4.7x105 CFU.mL-1. All the isolates were characterized as Gram-positive with cocci-shaped. The SA8 isolate was selected as the most potential candidate as a starter culture because it has fulfilled the criteria such as the highest proteolytic activity, the lowest lipolytic activity, producing EPS, potential antagonistic activity against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella Typhi, and sensitivity to cefazolin, intermediate to erythromycin and cinoxacin, non-pathogen, as well as the most rapid acidification activity. The SA8 isolate was identified as Enterococcus lactis with a similarity level of 99.99% towards strain BT159. This indigenous LAB was a potential starter culture of Sumbawa fermented buffalo milk to increase the diversification of products derived from buffalo milk.
Aquatic Environmental Analysis of the Hematological Profile of Barbonymus altus in the Brantas River, Jombang, East Java
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Anjasmara Aang Setyawan , Hertika Asus Maizar Suryanto , Yanuhar Uun
Published: March 2023

The Brantas River is the longest in East Java. One of the areas included in the flow of the Brantas River is the Jombang Regency. The Jombang Brantas River is used by the community to meet their daily needs in agriculture, plantations, industry, and fishing grounds. The input of waste generated from several community activities will result in the survival of fish in the waters. Fish as a biomarker agent is quite significant in estimating the level of heavy metal pollution. Red Bader Fish (Barbonymus altus) is often found and lives around the Jombang Brantas River. This study aims to determine the condition of the aquatic environment by observing the health of the fish through hematological observations of the Red Bader Fish (B. altus). Sampling was carried out at three stations with three replications every two weeks, which was carried out in February – March 2022 in the Jombang Brantas River. Data analysis used the Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) method as an analytical method to determine the correlation between the dependent variable (hematological profile) and the independent variable (water quality conditions). In this study, the results showed that the water quality at Station 1 and Station 2 was classified as normal, while at Station 3, it was classified as polluted. Data analysis showed that erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and hematocrit had a relationship with temperature, pH, DO, BOD, ammonia, TSS, and TDS in low concentrations. Meanwhile, leukocytes and micronuclei showed a relationship with high concentrations of ammonia, BOD, TDS, and TSS.
Contribución al conocimiento de las arañas (Arachnida: Araneae) en Sonora, Noroeste de México
Authors: Gómez-Moreno Karime G. , Chamé-Vázquez David , Jiménez María-Luisa
Published: March 2023

Se documentan 11 nuevos registros de arañas recolectadas en Sonora, Noroeste de México. Los nuevos registros pertenecen a las familias Deinopidae: Deinopis sp.; Filistatidae: Filistatinella sp. y Filistatoides sp.; Mimetidae: Mimetus sp.; Oecobiidae: Oecobius maculatus Simon, 1870; Oonopidae: Opopaea deserticola Simon, 1982; Oxyopidae: Hamataliwa helia (Chamberlin, 1929) y Peucetia viridans (Blackwall, 1858); Plectreuridae: Kibramoa sp.; Prodidomidae: Zimiris doriae Simon, 1882; Trachelidae: Trachelas pacificus Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935. Destaca que los registros de las familias Deinopidae, Mimetidae y Prodidomidae son los primeros para la entidad. Además, entre las especies reportadas, O. maculatus se añade por primera vez a la lista de especies conocidas del país. Con la información anterior se incrementa a 212 especies de arañas conocidas para Sonora.
Research Status and Emerging Trends in Virtual Reality Rehabilitation: Bibliometric and Knowledge Graph Study
Authors: Fan Ting , Wang Xiaobei , Song Xiaoxi , Zhao Gang , Zhang Zhichang
Published: March 2023

Background

Virtual reality (VR) technology has been widely used in rehabilitation training because of its immersive, interactive, and imaginative features. A comprehensive bibliometric review is required to help researchers focus on future directions based on the new deﬁnitions of VR technologies in rehabilitation, which reveal new situations and requirements.

Objective

Herein, we aimed to summarize effective research methods for and potential innovative approaches to VR rehabilitation by evaluating publications from various countries to encourage research on efficient strategies to improve VR rehabilitation.

Methods

The SCIE (Science Citation Index Expanded) database was searched on January 20, 2022, for publications related to the application of VR technology in rehabilitation research. We found 1617 papers, and we created a clustered network, using the 46,116 references cited in the papers. CiteSpace V (Drexel University) and VOSviewer (Leiden University) were used to identify countries, institutions, journals, keywords, cocited references, and research hot spots.

Results

A total of 63 countries and 1921 institutes have contributed publications. The United States of America has taken the leading position in this field; it has the highest number of publications; the highest h-index; and the largest collaborative network, which includes other countries. The reference clusters of SCIE papers were divided into the following nine categories: kinematics, neurorehabilitation, brain injury, exergames, aging, motor rehabilitation, mobility, cerebral palsy, and exercise intensity. The research frontiers were represented by the following keywords: video games (2017-2021), and young adults (2018-2021).

Conclusions

Our study comprehensively assesses the current research state of VR rehabilitation and analyzes the current research hot spots and future trends in the field, with the aims of providing resources for more intensive investigation and encouraging more researchers to further develop VR rehabilitation.
Vertical Integration of Electronic Health Records in Medical Consortiums: Dynamic Modeling Approach Based on the Evolutionary Game Theory
Authors: Tian Shenghu , Chen Yu
Published: March 2023

Background

China has continuously issued policies to speed up the interconnection, mutual recognition, sharing of medical information systems, and data integration management across regions and institutions. However, the vertical integration of electronic health records (EHRs) within the medical consortium is hampered by “poor mechanism and insufficient motivation” and the phenomenon of “free riding” among participating medical institutions, which makes the integration less effective.

Objective

We hope to clarify the game mechanism of stakeholders in the vertical integration of EHRs, and put forward targeted policy suggestions for improvement.

Methods

We constructed the “government-hospital-patient” tripartite evolutionary game model based on the detailed analysis of the research problems and their assumptions. We then simulated the game strategies and outcomes of each participant using the system dynamics approach to reveal the long-term strategy evolution mechanism of the core participants in the vertical integration of EHRs in the medical consortium, as well as the influencing factors and action mechanisms of each party’s strategy evolution to provide references for improving relevant policies.

Results

The evolutionary game system could eventually reach an optimal equilibrium, but in areas where the government was required to be in a dominant position, patient supervision was necessary to have a positive role, while a reasonable reward and punishment mechanism can promote active participation of hospitals.

Conclusions

The effective way to achieve the goal of vertical integration of EHRs in the medical consortium is to build a multiagent coordination mechanism under the guidance of the government. Meanwhile, it is necessary to establish a scientific integration performance evaluation mechanism, a reward and punishment mechanism, and a benefit distribution mechanism to promote the healthy development of vertical integration of EHRs in medical consortiums.
Screening for Media Use in the Emergency Department Among Young Australians: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Dullur Pravin , Joseph Joanne , Diaz Antonio Mendoza , Lin Ping-I , Jairam Rajeev , Davies Rhian , Masi Anne , Shulruf Boaz , Eapen Valsamma
Published: March 2023

Background

Research on problematic internet use has largely adhered to addiction paradigms, possibly impeding the identification of specific internet behaviors related to psychopathology. This study presents a novel approach to screening for specific problematic internet behaviors by using a new measure, the emergency department media use screener (EDMUS).

Objective

The purpose of this study was to identify patterns of internet use in young people presenting with mental health concerns to the emergency department (ED), ascertain associations with their mental health, and evaluate whether the EDMUS can be used to predict subsequent ED presentations within 3 months.

Methods

This cross-sectional retrospective study of Australian young people (N=149, aged 11-25 years; female: n=92, 61.7%) sought to use the EDMUS, a 24-item questionnaire, to identify problematic internet behaviors, including accessing or posting prosuicidal or proeating disorder content, cyberbullying, and inappropriate digital content. Data on each person’s mental health were extracted from electronic medical records to look for associations with EDMUS responses and ED re-presentation over 3 months. EDMUS items were grouped into clusters for analysis using chi-square tests, binary logistic regression, and path analyses.

Results

Sharing suicidal digital content was the most common problematic internet use pattern identified by the EDMUS. However, this did not correlate with having a prior mental health diagnosis or predict readmission. Most participants had families with a concern for their internet use; however, this was less likely in participants with a diagnosis of personality disorder. Diagnoses of personality disorder or posttraumatic stress disorder were independent predictors of readmission (P=.003; P=.048).

Conclusions

Although a history of complex psychopathology increases the likelihood of subsequent ED presentations, its links to internet use–related behaviors are still unclear. The EDMUS has potential for identifying young people who are most vulnerable to problematic internet behaviors and offers the opportunity for early intervention and potential prevention of more entrenched difficulties.