bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tecnologias para a adesão ao tratamento da tuberculose: protocolo de scoping review
Authors: Silva Jaine Souto da , Costa Lara Évilly Leandro da , Pereira Francisca Brigyda Alves , Silva Cícera Renata Diniz Vieira , Temoteo Rayrla Cristina de Abreu
Published: November 2023

Objetivo: Identificar e mapear as tecnologias desenvolvidas e/ou validadas para incentivar e auxiliar na adesão ao tratamento da tuberculose na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Método: Trata-se de uma Scoping Review, seguindo as orientações do Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewer’s Manual, tendo como pergunta de pesquisa: Quais as tecnologias têm sido desenvolvidas e/ou validadas para incentivar e auxiliar na adesão ao tratamento da tuberculose na Atenção Primária à Saúde? Serão incluídos artigos, teses e dissertações a partir de buscas nas bases: Medline/PubMed®, LILACS/BVS, CINAHL, Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, EMBASE e literatura cinzenta. A busca, avaliação, seleção e extração dos dados será realizada de forma cega entre pares, quando houver divergências um terceiro revisor será consultado. Os resultados serão descritos na íntegra utilizando-se de narrativa e diagramas de forma que estejam alinhados com o objetivo e questão norteadora desta revisão. Protocolo registrado na Open Science Framework (OSF): https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/PKWTC.
Profile of Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Rio de Janeiro: A Web Survey Study
Authors: Pereira Audrey Vidal , Tardem Gabriella Cardoso Rodrigues Rangel , Vidal Dolores Lima da Costa , Alves Valdecyr Herdy , Vieira Bianca Dargam Gomes , Cortez Elaine Antunes , Santos Samara Janice de Albuquerque , Rodrigues Diego Pereira
Published: November 2023

Objective: To identify the profile of tertiary healthcare workers who were working at the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic. Method: This is a quantitative study involving 155 tertiary healthcare professionals who participated in a web survey, and the analysis was performed using descriptive statistics. Results: The group consisted mainly of nurses, social workers, doctors, psychologists, and nutritionists. All identified as heterosexual, cisgender, between the ages of 25 and 49, self-identified as white, Catholic, married or in a stable relationship, with a postgraduate education, a legal professional affiliation, more than one school-age child, and living with three to four people in the same household. Conclusion: The characterized profile may be useful for engaging in studies on workers’ health, occupational risk, paid work, and private activities of health professionals
Trends in the Inclusion of Children with ASD in the General Education System: All-Russian Monitoring Results
Authors: Khaustov A.V. , Schumskih M.A.
Published: November 2023

Objectives. To ensure the accessibility of education, taking into account the specific features of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), a systematic approach to the creation of special conditions based on the analysis of objective indicators of the inclusion of children with ASD in the general education environment is necessary. The trends of inclusion of children with ASD in the general education system have been identified on the basis of the results of the All-Russia monitoring in 2022.

Methods. Monitoring included statistical data collection, processing and analysis. A structured statistical form with a list of the main criteria and conditions necessary for the organisation of education for children with ASD was developed for data collection. The data were provided by the executive authorities of 85 constituent entities of the Russian Federation that carry out state management in the sphere of education.

Results. The total number of students with ASD in 2022, as compared to 2021, increased by 17 per cent and totalled 45888 people. The share of children receiving education at different levels in the total number of children with ASD included in the education system is as follows: at the level of early help — 2.1 per cent; preschool education — 28 per cent; primary, basic and secondary general education — 68.5 per cent; secondary and higher vocational education — 1.5 per cent. In 56 constituent entities of the Russian Federation, 64 regional resource centres have been established to provide support for families raising children with ASD and to train specialists working with children and families.

Conclusions. The annual intensive growth of the number of children with ASD in the Russian education system testifies to the accessibility of education and causes high requirements to the system of education of students in educational organisations in accordance with the current legislation. The increase in the share of pupils with ASD receiving inclusive education and the decrease in the share of children studying individually at home indicates the expansion of opportunities for their inclusion in the general education system. In order to improve the quality of education for children with ASD, it is necessary to introduce into the work of educational organisations the Federal Adapted Educational Programmes for students with disabilities at all levels of education, as well as to train qualified personnel.
Changes in monoamine metabolism in the brain during unilateral cortical spreading depression in BALB/c mice
Authors: Владимировна Карпова V. , Mikheev Vladimir V. , Bychkov Evgenii R. , Shabanov Petr D.
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND: BALB/c mice can be adequate models for elucidating the actions of neurotropic drugs in conditions of abnormal interhemispheric interactions.
AIM: To examine the effect of unilateral cortical spreading depression on monoamine metabolism in BALB/c mice.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four adult male BALB/c mice were analyzed. Unilateral cortical spreading depression (functional inactivation of one of the cerebral hemisphere cortex) was induced by applying a 1 × 1 mm filter paper moistened with a 25% KCl solution. Fifteen minutes after exposure, the animals were decapitated. By using high-performance liquid chromatography with an electrochemical detector in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, olfactory tubercle, and striatum, the levels of norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT) and their metabolites (dioxyphenylacetic [DOPAC], homovanilinic [HVA] and 5-hydroxyindolacetic acids) were measured.
RESULTS: Unilateral cortical spreading depression was accompanied by a decrease in NE levels in the hippocampus and an increase in the DA extracellular metabolism (HVA and/or HVA/DA) in the olfactory tubercle and striatum on the side of the inactivated cortex. In addition to the listed effects, only functional inactivation of the right hemisphere caused a bilateral decrease in the NE level in the cortex and a decrease in the NE level and the DOPAC/DA ratio in the left (contralateral) hippocampus. No regular changes were noted in the posture of animals after the unilateral inactivation of the cerebral cortex.
CONCLUSION:The results suggest that in BALB/c mice, the right hemisphere cortex plays a dominant role in regulating the activity of the noradrenergic system in the brain.
The developing brain in the formation of oxidant and antioxidant systems
Authors: Shabanov Petr D. , Zarubina Irina V.
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND: The structures, tissues, and systems of the brain differentiate gradually. The values of biochemical constants vary depending on the timing of development, that is, the embryonic, early, and late postnatal periods. In this respect, the multicomponent oxidation and antioxidation systems that do not mature at the same time are of interest.
AIM: To examine the processes of lipid peroxidation based on the level of malonic dialdehyde and antioxidant protection (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and reduced glutathione) in the brain of rat embryos and offspring at different periods of pre- and postnatal development.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-nine pregnant female Wistar rats weighing 220–250 g were selected, from which 176 embryos and rat pups of different sexes and age were obtained, including embryos in the third trimester of pregnancy (13–17 days of gestation) and rat pups aged 1–14 weeks. The concentration of malonic dialdehyde (indicator of lipid peroxidation) was determined in the brain tissue, and the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and level of reduced glutathione was found as indicators of antioxidant defense systems.
RESULTS: The brains of the embryos were characterized by low levels of malonic dialdehyde, and its concentration sharply increased immediately after the birth of rat pups. A similar but a less pronounced pattern was also recorded for indicators of antioxidant protection (superoxide dismutase activity and level of reduced glutathione). The opposite reaction was observed in catalase, which demonstrated high activity in the brain in the prenatal period but significantly decreased after birth. With further postnatal development up to sexual maturity (14 weeks, or 3 months of age), no significant changes in the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and concentration of reduced glutathione were noted; however, a twofold drop in the level of malonic dialdehyde in the brain was noted.
CONCLUSION:Already in the first months of life in rats, a quite stable status of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense systems of the brain tissue developed.
Do Online Customer Reviews Matter? A Study of Woman's Buying Interest in Beauty Products
Authors: Syauta Keisha Safina , Hermawan Daniel
Published: November 2023

The growth of internet users in Indonesia is accelerating rapidly, especially in 2022. This surge in internet users can be attributed to the pandemic's impact on lifestyle, which encourages people to adopt digital products, including reliance on online customer reviews for product information. This study aims to determine the influence of online customer reviews on buying interest in beauty products. Researchers used quantitative methods and non-probability techniques with purposive sampling using an online questionnaire with the criteria of customers (women) who use and have read beauty product reviews. Researchers obtained 122 respondents who were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis techniques. The results proved that online customer reviews covering all dimensions influenced purchase intention. The credibility of a review and reviewers as in the dimension of review credibility is important for customers reading online customer reviews to influence buying interest in beauty products. This research helps beauty product owners to understand and utilize online customer reviews in their business.
The experience of social modeling in the historical retrospective of Russian philosophical thought
Authors: Sizemskaya Irina N.
Published: November 2023

The author considers social modeling as a vector for the development of Russian philosophy in the 19th – early 20th centuries. The article focuses on the interpretation of the dialectics of the national and universal in the proposed projects of the socio-cultural development of Russia; it is emphasized that the approach to the problem associated with it focused on the connection of national models of the development of Russian society with universal civilized meanings and norms of public life. The subject of a separate consideration was the models developed on the philosophical platform of domestic liberalism (V.S. Solovyov, P.I. Novgorodtsev, S.I. Gessen, B.A. Kistyakovsky, P.B. Struve), which turned research interest to questions formation of the rule of law in Russia. This provided for special attention, firstly, to the development of legal relations in all spheres of public life, and secondly, to the system of mutual obligations of the authorities and civil society. In such an analytical context, the proposed models of the country's development responded to the civilizational challenges of the time and to the historically demanded preservation of the traditions and spiritual values of the multinational Russian culture. The established philosophical attitude, as shown in the article, retains its theoretical value for today’s practice of social modeling.
Persuasion in the JTB concept: the extra-rational dimension
Authors: Derzhavina Natalya
Published: November 2023

The classical definition of knowledge as true justified belief is now being reinterpreted within the framework of non-classical epistemology. Each component is being critically analyzed in one form or another. The present study aims to establish the epistemological features of the critique of the notion of belief and aims to clarify some aspects of the phenomenon of epistemological belief concerning the nature of unconscious beliefs and the mechanisms of their formation. On the basis of naturalistic and contextualist approaches to understanding the structure and functioning of thinking, the content of the concept of belief is clarified, and a justification is given for the advantage of applying the concept of habit to clarify the nature of this phenomenon.
Approaches to armed struggle and political action: a comparative analysis of the FARC and the Zapatistas
Authors: Danilov Kirill
Published: November 2023

The article is a study of the radical movement in Colombia in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) is compared to another revolutionary movement created in Mexico, the Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN). Both movements claimed to be public representatives in the areas of social justice and economic equality, but chose different approaches and strategies to achieve their goals. One chose the path of constant violence, while the other chose the path of dialogue and resolution of political and social problems.
Política ambiental no Mercosul e mudanças climáticas em suas negociações
Authors: De Souza Leite Garcia Tatiana
Published: November 2023

Este artigo objetiva apresentar a evolução da política ambiental no Mercosul, considerando as instâncias técnicas e políticas especializadas em meio ambiente que foram implementadas na estrutura organizacional do bloco e os principais temas ambientais da agenda de negociações; além disso, identificar e analisar a importância atribuída às mudanças climáticas nessa arena regional, entre 2009 e 2021. Para responder aos objetivos propostos, foram empregadas as pesquisas bibliográfica e documental. Os documentos oficiais identificados, analisados e catalogados foram obtidos nos sites da Secretaria do Mercosul e do seu Sistema de Informação Ambiental. O tema “mudanças climáticas” esteve nas negociações, de forma direta ou indireta, de 11 reuniões do Subgrupo de Trabalhon.º 6 Meio Ambiente e de 8 reuniões de ministros de Meio Ambiente, entre 2009 e 2021. Também foram investigados os documentos produzidos pelas instâncias de alto nível ― Grupo Mercado Comum e Conselho do Mercado Comum. A partir da análise documental, pode-se inferir que existem variáveis externas que influenciam para que o tema “mudanças climáticas” seja inserido e negociado nessa arena regional. Uma evidência dessa afirmação encontrada nos documentos é que os Estados-Partes do Mercosul utilizam essa arena regional para alinhar interesses e posicionamentos antes e após as Conferências das Partes da Convenção-Quadro das Nações Unidas sobre Mudança Climática (COPs). Ao final, apresenta-se um breve exame sobre as últimas participações dos EstadosPartes do Mercosul nas COPs sobre mudanças climáticas realizadas no âmbito das Nações Unidas.
Cervical Cancer Prevention, Its Challenges and Solutions in Iran and Worldwide: A Systematic Review
Authors: Pirani Narges , Jafari Mehdi , Bagherzadeh Rafat , Keikhosravi Marziyeh , Pirani Hadis
Published: November 2023

Background: Widespread use of screening in high-income countries has led to significant reductions in mortality from cervical cancer. However, in Iran, the main reason for the late diagnosis of cervical cancer was the failure to perform a Pap smear (Papanicolaou).  We aimed to investigate the status of cervical cancer prevention and its challenges and solutions in Iran.
Method: We conducted a systematic review of literature published from 1974 to 2021 in the electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar, and retrieved all English-language articles. Following the application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, full-text articles were identified and evaluated for eligibility. Finally, these publications were analyzed as part of the synthesis.
Results: Lower social-economic level, inadequate knowledge of screening tests and health centers for Pap test performance leading to worse outcomes such as lower screening participation or coverage.
Conclusion: By addressing these challenges through increasing education, increasing service accessibility, expanding screening programs, improving public awareness, improving insurance coverage, and establishing a control protocol for follow-up, it is possible to reduce cervical cancer incidence and mortality.
Textual Analysis of Tweets Associated with Domestic Violence
Authors: Chua Stephanie , Sabang Janice Allison , Chew Keng Sheng , Nohuddin Puteri Nor Ellyza
Published: November 2023

Background: Domestic violence is a global public health concern as stated by World Health Organization. We aimed to conduct a textual analysis of tweets associated with domestic violence through keyword identification, word trends and word collocations. The data was obtained from Twitter, focusing on publicly available tweets written in English.  The objectives are to find out if the identified keywords, word trends and word collocations can help differentiate between domestic violence-related tweets and non-domestic violence-related tweets, as well as, to analyze the textual characteristics of domestic violence-related tweets and non-domestic violence-related tweets.
Methods: Overall, 11,041 tweets were collected using a few keywords over a period of 15 days from 22 March 2021 to 5 April 2021. A text analysis approach was used to discover the most frequent keywords used, the word trends of those keywords and the word collocations of the keywords in differentiating between domestic violence-related or non-domestic violence-related tweets.
Results: Domestic violence-related tweets and non-domestic violence-related tweets had differentiating characteristics, despite sharing several main keywords. In particular, keywords like “domestic”, “violence” and “suicide” featured prominently in domestic-violence related tweets but not in non-domestic violence-related tweets. Significant differences could also be seen in the frequency of keywords and the word trends in the collection of the tweets.
Conclusion: These findings are significant in helping to automate the flagging of domestic-violence related tweets and alert the authorities so that they can take proactive steps such as assisting the victims in getting medical, police and legal help as needed.
Weight Gain and Obesity during Quarantine due to COVID-19
Authors: Shirdeli Mehrnoosh , Shirani Matthew , Marzban Ameneh
Published: November 2023

The Article Abstract is not available.
Assessment of Malnutrition among Hospitalized Patients in Arak, Iran
Authors: Vahid Farhad , Moradzadeh Rahmatollah , Azizi-Soleiman Fatemeh
Published: November 2023

Background: Since most studies evaluating the prevalence of hospital malnutrition in Iran have only been conducted on a specific group of patients, the present study was designed to investigate the prevalence of malnutrition in several different hospital wards. Methods: The nutritional status of 284 hospitalized patients was evaluated using the PG-SGA short form and compared according to demographic data and body mass index (BMI). Demographic and SGA domains were compared across BMI categories. Malnutrition degree was also compared. Results: Among the participants, 37.0% (n=105) had moderate malnutrition and 51.1% (n=145) had severe malnutrition. Comparing differences within patients according to their BMI status, there were no significant differences according to age, hospitalization duration, and current food intake status. Only sex and cause of hospitalization showed significant differences. Most of male participants had normal weight and were hospitalized for non-GI disorders (P=0.001 and 0.031, respectively). As expected, the scores obtained from weight, food intake, and symptoms sections of the questionnaire were higher in underweight patients in comparison to other BMI categories. Comparison of the same characteristics as per malnutrition status showed that people with high risk of malnutrition were older (P= 0.023), had oral food intake (P=0.007) and normal BMI (P=0.001). Conclusion: The number of patients at high risk of malnutrition was relatively significant in the study. A high frequency of malnutrition was observed among individuals with normal BMI. Screening tools in addition to BMI should be used to detect patients at risk of malnutrition.
Comparison of 5-year Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in Obese and Non-Obese Adult Population: The YaHs Cohort
Authors: Peigan Parisa , Mirzaei Masoud , Marques-Vidal Pedro , Fallahzadeh Hossein , Kraemer Alexander , Sarebanhassanabadi Mohammadtaghi
Published: November 2023

Background: Obesity is an important predictor of diabetes. Defining the risk of diabetes among obese subjects is important for preventive health strategies. This study aims to compare the 5-year incidence of diabetes in obese and non-obese adult participants aged 20-70 years in a large population sample of central Iran. Methods: In this prospective study, 9964 people aged 20-70 years were selected between 2014 and 2015 using multi-stage cluster sampling from Yazd Greater Area, Iran. Participants with diabetes were excluded and non-diabetic individuals were evaluated for incident diabetes after a five-year follow-up. Logistic regression was used to find the association between obesity and 5-year incidence of diabetes in bivariate, and multivariate adjusted models for age, sex, physical activity, medical history, marital status, smoking, and education. Results: Out of the initial 9964 participants, 1383 (14%) were excluded due to prevalence of diabetes. The remaining 8413 (86.0%) participants were re-examined in 2019-2020. After five years of follow up, diabetes occurred in 6.6% (n=556) of the participants. The incidence of diabetes in obese men and women was 10.4% (n=109) and 9.9% (n=264), respectively; however, it was 4.5% (n=143) and 2.8% (n=40) in their non-obese counterparts (P<0.01). After multivariate analysis, obesity was associated with a higher likelihood of diabetes in men (OR=1.77, 95% CI: 1.33-2.35), women (OR=2.23, 95% CI: 1.55-3.21), and overall (OR=1.99, 95%CI: 1.60-2.48). Similar findings were obtained in participants aged under and over 60 years (P<0.05). Conclusion: There was a positive association between obesity and 5-year incidence of diabetes in an Iranian adult population. Interventions are required to change lifestyle in the adult population especially in younger participants to prevent obesity and diabetes.
Nutrition Transition in Iran: An Analytical Study of the Factors Related to Life-Style Regarding Non-Communicable Diseases in Recent Decades
Authors: Abbasalizad-Farhangi Mahdieh , Barzegari Maliheh
Published: November 2023

Background: In the current scoping review, nutrition transition and its consequences in Iran have been reviewed, and relevant health improvement policies have been described. Methods: This was an analytical study which concerned demographic, economic and socio-political context, nutrition, dietary patterns and related metabolic syndrome, or their consequences among Iranian population in recent decades. Results: In the last decades, socio-economic problems increased food insecurity, and unhealthy diet has been common. The prevalence of obesity was higher in urban areas compared with rural areas. There was also a high prevalence of nutritional risk factors; food choices tended to be less healthy; high-fat food choices has been increased, and there was lower physical activity. The prevalence of non-communicable diseases and metabolic syndrome including hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus are progressively elevated. Conclusions: Urgent preventive strategies and policies by the government and healthcare community are essential. These strategies are necessary for promoting national health, increasing life expectancy, and decreasing metabolic syndrome, diet-related and lethal diseases including cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes.
Use of Pistachio Meal and Mono- and Diglyceride in the Production of Low-Fat Pistachio Butter
Authors: Shakerardekani Ahmad , Kavoosi Maryam
Published: November 2023

Background: Pistachio butter is produced from ground roasted pistachio nuts. Methods: In this study, different formulas of low-fat pistachio butter with 0, 5 and, 10% of pistachio meal and 0, 1 and, 2% of mono- and diglyceride were examined in terms of physicochemical, sensory, and nutritional characteristics. Results: In the fourth month of storage, the highest oil separation (12.4%) from the product was observed in pistachio butter without emulsifier and meal (P≤ 0.05). The most value of carbohydrates and the least value of oil content were observed in the pistachio butter containing 10% meal. The lowest anisidine and peroxide value was detected in the formula with higher content of emulsifier (2%). The pistachio butter formulas without or with 5% meal showed a better green color (lower 'a' value). The pistachio butter with higher values of the meal obtained the least spreadability score. Conclusion:  The formula containing 1% mono- and diglyceride and 5% pistachio meal was selected as the best low-fat pistachio butter
Household Food Insecurity and Its Determinant Factors in Eastern Ethiopia in 2021
Authors: Derese Tariku , Belay Yalelet , Fentie Dilnessa , Derese Kirubel
Published: November 2023

Background: Many households in urban areas suffer from severe food insecurity. In Ethiopia, current economic recession, pandemic, locust invasion, and conflict, disproportionately aggravated the problems. This study aims to assess food insecurity in household and its factors in the Eastern Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted to assess 616 households in urban areas of Eastern Ethiopia using simple random sampling. FANTA Indicator Guide (v.3) Questionnaires were used as data collection tool. Then, the information was entered into Epi-data version 3.02 and exported to SPSS version 21. To determine factors affecting household food insecurity, binary regression analysis was performed, and a p-value of < 0.05 at a 95% confidence interval was considered statistically significant. Model fitness was checked using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test. Results:  The prevalence of household food insecurity was 41.7% (95% CI: 37.4–45.6). The following factors were determined as food insecurity predictors: household head's sex [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR)=1.75, 95% CI: 1.08–2.84], household head's education (AOR= 0.52, 95% CI: 0.33–0.99), mother's occupation [AOR= 0.3, 95% CI: 0.19–0.57], households with the medium wealth index (AOR =1.72, 95% CI: 1.06–2.78) and households with the lowest wealth index (AOR=4.01, 95% CI: 2.35–6.86). Conclusions: The prevalence of household food insecurity in urban areas of Eastern Ethiopia is high. The food insecurity was significantly affected by residency, education, occupation, and wealth index. The government should focus on socio-economic policies targeting the vulnerable and improve their economic status.
Effects of Hesperidin Supplementation on Anthropometric Indices in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Ramezani-Jolfaie Nahid , Bafrooei Mojtaba Khademi , Lorzadeh Elnaz , Javedan Gholamali , Razmpour Farkhondeh , Jahanlou Alireza Shahab , Salehi-Abargouei Amin , Mohammadi Mohammad
Published: November 2023

Background: Although some studies have reported that flavonoids can be associated with anti-obesity effects, the putative effects of hesperidin, as a subgroup of flavonoids, on anthropometric parameters are inconclusive. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to determine the effect of hesperidin supplementation on anthropometric measures in adults. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed until February 2022 in electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The pooled results were obtained by a random-effects model. Results: A total of nine RCTs enrolling 493 participants were identified. Seven studies had illustrated the effect of hesperidin on weight, eight on body mass index (BMI), five on waist circumference (WC), two on waist to hip ratio (WHR), and two on hip circumference (HC). The results of the pooled analysis showed no significant changes in body weight (0.01 kg, 95% CI: -0.22, 0.24), BMI (-0.02 kg/m2, 95% CI: -0.16, 0.13), and WC (-0.48 cm, 95% CI: -1.52, 0.55) after hesperidin supplementation compared to the control group (P > 0.05). Qualitative assessment of other anthropometric indices also showed no beneficial effect of hesperidin in reducing WHR and HC values; however, these findings are not conclusive because of the limited number of studies. Conclusion: The present study provides no evidence that hesperidin supplementation is effective in improving anthropometric measures. More high-quality RCTs especially among overweight and obese individuals are needed to strengthen the evidence.
An Inclusive Local Irregularity Vertex Coloring of Dutch Windmill Graph
Authors: Kristiana Arika Indah , Prahastiwi Lusi Rizzami , Prihandini Rafiantika Megahnia
Published: November 2023

Let G(V,E) is a simple and connected graph with V(G) as vertex set and E(G) as edge set. An inclusive local irregularity vertex coloring is a development of the topic of local irregularity vertex coloring. An inclusive local irregularity vertex coloring is defined by coloring the graph so that its weight value is obtained by adding up the labels of the neighboring vertex and its label. The inclusive local irregularity chromatic number is defined as the minimum number of colors obtained from coloring the vertex of the inclusive local irregularity in graph G. In this paper, we find the inclusive local irregularity vertex coloring and determine the chromatic number on the Dutch windmill graph using axiomatic deductive and pattern recognition methods. The results of this study are expected to be used as a basis for studies in the development of knowledge related to the inclusive local irregularity vertex coloring
Agronomic and Quality Parameters and Yield Interactions of Various Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Cultivars at Different Sowing Dates
Authors: İZGİ Mehmet Necat
Published: November 2023

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is cultivated across numerous nations for its oilseed and flower, as well as its fabric and food coloring properties. In the plain circumstances of Mardin Province (Türkiye), this study was conducted to determine the best date to sow six different safflower cultivars in the vegetation years of 2018 and 2019. Six safflower cultivars (Asol, Balcı, Dinçer, Linas, Olas, and Remzibey-05) were planted in the main plots on four different sowing dates (February 06, February 16, February 26, and March 05), located in the sub-plots. Safflower characteristics, including plant height, first branch height, number of branches, number of heads, head diameter, seed yield, protein ratio, oil ratio, and oil yield, were examined in the study. The first sowing date of the Remzibey-05 cultivar yielded the most seeds (4118 kg ha-1), and the second sowing date of the Remzibey-05 yielded the most oil (1197 kg ha-1). The Asol cultivar exhibited the highest protein content, however, no discernible pattern of increase or decrease was observed with respect to sowing dates. Early sowing enhanced seed production, and as sowing time was delayed, yield significantly decreased (on average by 30%). Further comprehensive research is required to tackle the deficiencies in vegetable and oil materials, not only in this locality but also in areas expressing equivalent weather and ecological features.
Aşağı Engiz Havzası Topraklarının Toprak Etüdü, Haritalanması ve Sınıflandırılması
Authors: ORMANCI İsmail Fatih , DENGİZ Orhan , AYDIN Arif
Published: November 2023

Bu çalışma, Samsun ili Ondokuzmayıs ilçesi arazisinin Aşağı Engiz Alt Havzası’nın detaylı toprak etüd haritalarının ve toprak sınıflarının belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışma alanı, 4590000-4598000 K, 250000-258000 E (WGS-84, Zone37, UTMm) koordinatlarında yer almaktadır. 2021 yılı Temmuz ayında gerçekleştirilen çalışmanın alanı 4758 hektardır. Yıllık ortalama sıcaklık 13.8 °C ve toplam yıllık yağış miktarı 717.5 mm'dir. Alanın topoğrafya, jeoloji ve jeomorfik haritaları ve arazi gözlemleri incelenerek araştırma alanında 6 adet toprak profili açılmıştır. Yapılan analizler ve arazi gözlemlerinden elde edilen sonuçlar değerlendirilerek 6 farklı toprak serisi tanımlanmıştır. Düzköy, Dağköy, Çepinler, Esenyer, Ballıca ve Yukarıengiz serileri sırayla Toprak Taksonomisine göre Vertic Dystrustept, Vertic Haplustepts, Lithic Orthent, Lithic Orthent, Typic Ustifluvents ve Calcic Haplusterts; FAO/WRB’ye göre ise sırayla Dystric Vertic Cambisol, Colluvic Vertic Cambisol, Lithic Leptosol, Lithic Leptosol, Clayic Fulvisol ve Calcic Vertisol olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırma alanında % 24.54 ile Ballıca serisi en fazla alana sahip iken, % 1.45 ile Esenyer serisi en az alana sahiptir. Çalışma alanından elde edilen sayısal toprak veri tabanı, sürdürülebilir arazi kullanımı ve doğal kaynakların korumasına yönelik yapılacak projelerde altlık olarak kullanılmasına olanak sağlanılmıştır.
Robotik Sağımda Sürü Yönetimi
Authors: COŞKUN Gizem , ŞAHİN Özcan , AYTEKİN İbrahim
Published: November 2023

Süt sığırcılığı işletmelerinde kaliteli üretimin olmasının yanı sıra, daha yüksek verim ile karlılığın maksimum seviyede olması için işletmedeki hayvanların potansiyellerinin bilinmesi önem arz eder. Süt üretimi yapan işletmelerde sağım, işletmelerin ana gelir kaynaklarından biri olan sütün elde edilme işlemi olmasının yanında, gerek hayvan sağlığı gerekse işletme açısından üzerinde durulması gereken en önemli sürü yönetim uygulamalarından birisidir. Her bir ineğin bireysel yönetimi ancak iyi bir sürü yönetimi ile mümkün olmaktadır. Günümüz teknolojisinde ineklerin bireysel yönetiminde en dikkat çeken sistem olan robotik sağım sistemleridir. Robotik sağım sistemleri olarak adlandırılan otomatik sağım sistemlerinin 1990'ların başında piyasaya sürülmesi, şüphesiz süt sığırcılığında büyük bir atılım sağlamaktadır. Teknolojinin ilerlemesi ve gelişmesi ile süt üretimi yapan işletmelerin kendini yenileyerek modernizasyona ayak uydurmaları sağım teknolojisinde önemli ilerlemeler sağlamıştır. Geçmişte yapılan elle sağım bu ilerlemeler sayesinde sağım durak tiplerinin gelişmesi ile sağımın makinelerle yapılmasına, daha sonra bilgisayarın geliştirilmesi ile de sağım sistemlerin bilgisayarlı ortamda yapılmasına olanak sağlamış olup, günümüzde ise modern robotik sağım sistemlerinin geliştirilmesine katkıda bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmanın amacı; süt sığırcılığı işletmelerinde yaygın olarak kullanılan geleneksel sağım ve robotik sağım sistemlerinin karşılaştırılması, robotik sağım sisteminin özellikleri, avantajları, dezavantajları, sürü yönetimindeki yeri ve önemi hakkında bilgilerin verilmesi ile robotik sağım sistemine geçiş yapmak ve üretimlerini en üst düzeye çıkarmak isteyen yetiştiricilere yön vermeye yardımcı olmaktır.
INVESTIGATING L2-L1 TRANSFER AMONG BILINGUAL STUDENTS IN THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA
Authors: Stojanoska Marija , Shalevska Elena , Talevska Marija
Published: November 2023

Language constitutes an indispensable facet of human existence It facilitates communication and perspective-sharing while allowing us to mould it to fit our unique needs. Foreign language proficiency adds an additional layer of such skills. Thus, people have been motivated to learn another language since time immemorial. As cultures and languages have intertwined and exposure to multimedia in different languages has grown, the number of bilinguals has grown, and with that, the opportunities for language transfer, as well.

Language learners in North Macedonia, especially the ones who learn English have been becoming increasingly more proficient. This progress has been so substantial that educators have observed cases of influence from the second language (L2) to the first language (L1). Educators have noted various instances where this influence occurs such as: capitalizing certain words that aren’t meant to be capitalized in Macedonian, using English abbreviations incorrectly, mixing collocations, and atypical code-switching.

Using observation during non–English classes and breaks, this small-scale study aimed to qualitatively investigate and interpret the L2-L1 transfer patterns in primary school students, and discuss them in a wider context using additional electronic resources. The results highlighted the numerous instances of such interlanguage influence i.e. mistakes that students make when using their mother tongue due to English.
JUXTAPOSITION OF THE SOUND SYSTEMS OF THE ENGLISH AND MACEDONIAN AND THE POSSIBILITIES FOR INTERFERENCE
Authors: Bosilkovska Stela , Janusheva Violeta
Published: November 2023

A large number of studies confirm the influence that the native language has on the learning and use of English as a foreign language, especially regarding the correct pronunciation of sounds. Bearing in mind that the correct pronunciation of a foreign language sounds is one of the factors for successful oral and written communication among its foreign speakers and between them and the native speakers, in this paper, the sound systems of the Standard English (SEL) as a foreign language (EFL) and Standard Macedonian (SML) as a native language (MNL) are juxtaposed in order to detect the possibilities for interference, that is, the wrong perception and pronunciation of the sounds in the SEL, which consequently affects both the oral and written communication. The sample consists of the sound systems of both languages, which are juxtaposed by using contrastive analysis. The findings build on the results of worldwide research on this issue and show that the differences between the sound systems of these two languages do cause sound interference occurrences, i.e., the wrong perception and pronunciation of sounds in the EL, and consequently failed communication.
Population biology of European hake (Merluccius merluccius, Linnaeus, 1758) in Greece
Authors: Theocharis Alexandros , Vlachou Maria , Conides Alexis , Klaoudatos Dimitris
Published: November 2023

The European hake (Merluccius merluccius) is one of the most important demersal species in the Mediterranean Sea. A total of 861 individuals were collected using commercial bottom trawls, between May 2021 and October 2022 from the Aegean Sea (the Eastern Mediterranean) aiming to assess the current state of the population. The male to female ratio (0.92:1) did not significantly depart from 1:1, with length-weight relationships exhibiting positive allometric growth. There were seven age groups identified, with the second age group being the most predominate. The highest reproductive intensity was observed during spring followed by winter. The onset of sexual maturity (L50) for the total population was estimated at 27.58 cm in total length (3.2 years). The asymptotic length was estimated at 65.19 cm for the total population, with females growing larger than males. Longevity was estimated at 22.7 years for the total population (24.9 years for females and 16.1 years for males). The inflection point was estimated at 7.5 years for the total population (8.2 years for females and 5.2 years for males). Length with 50% probability of capture (LC50) was estimated at 17.7 cm, with the respective age (t50) of 1.2 years. The exploitation rate (E = 0.72) indicated that the population is under a high level of exploitation and the Z/K ratio (7.81) further indicated that mortality dominates growth. Fishing mortality at the maximum sustainable yield (FMSY = 0.29) was estimated considerably lower than the present fishing mortality (F = 0.69). Results indicate the need for enforcement of stricter management measures to protect the stock.
Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease and Chronic Viral Hepatitis: The Interlink
Authors: Fernandez Cornelius J , Alkhalifah Mohammed , Afzar Hafsa , Pappachan Joseph M
Published: November 2023

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has now affected nearly one third of global population and became the number one cause of chronic liver disease in the world because of the obesity pandemic. Chronic hepatitis resulting from hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) also remain significant challenges to liver health even in the 21st century. The coexistence of MAFLD and chronic viral hepatitis can markedly alter the disease course of individual diseases and can complicate the management of each of these disorders. Thorough understanding of the pathobiological interlink and interactions between MAFLD and these two chronic viral hepatitis infections are crucial for appropriate management of patients. We update these interlinks in this comprehensive clinical review.
Revolutionizing the Management of Large-Core Ischaemic Strokes: Decoding the Success of Endovascular Therapy in the Recent Stroke Trials
Authors: Lim Gareth Zigui , Lai Jonathan Yexian , Seet Christopher Ying Hao , Tham Carol Huilian , Venketasubramanian Narayanaswamy , Tan Benjamin Yong Qiang , Jing Mingxue , Yeo Joshua Yee Peng , Myint May Zin , Sia Ching-Hui , Teoh Hock Luen , Sharma Vijay Kumar , Chan Bernard , Yang Cunli , Makmur Andrew , Ong Shao Jin , Leong Leonard Litt Yeo
Published: November 2023

Endovascular therapy (EVT) has revolutionized the management of acute ischaemic strokes with large vessel occlusion, with emerging evidence suggesting its benefit also in large infarct core volume strokes. In the last 2 years, 4 randomised controlled trials have been published on this topic - RES-CUE-Japan-LIMIT, ANGEL-ASPECT, SELECT2 and TENSION, with overall results showing that EVT improves functional and neurological outcomes compared to medical management alone. This review seeks to summarise the recent evidence presented by these 4 trials and highlight some of the limitations of our current understanding on this topic.
Within‐Host Parasite Community and Coinfections in Urban Rats Naturally Infected by Angiostrongylus cantonensis: A Case of Host Tolerance?
Authors: Galán-Puchades María Teresa , Gosálvez Carla , Trelis María , Gómez-Samblás Mercedes , Solano Jennifer , Osuna Antonio , Sáez-Durán Sandra , Bueno-Marí Rubén , Fuentes Marius V.
Published: November 2023

When the zoonotic parasite of rodents that can cause human neuroangiostrongyliasis, i.e., Angiostrongylus cantonensis, is found in its natural definitive hosts, it is usually reported in isolation, as if the rat lungworm were the only component of the within-rat parasite community. In this study we report the coinfections found in rats naturally infected by A. cantonensis in urban populations of Rattus norvegicus and Rattus rattus in Valencia, Spain. In addition to the rat lungworms, which were found in 14 of the 125 rats studied (a prevalence of 11.20%), 18 other parasite infrapopulations (intestinal and tissular protists, microsporidia, and helminths) were found; some of them with high burdens. Fourteen of these 19 species found are potential zoonotic parasites, namely Blastocystis, Giardia duodenalis, Cryptosporidium spp., Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Encephalitozoon hellem, Toxoplasma gondii, Brachylaima spp., Hydatigera taeniaeformis larvae, Hymenolepis nana, Hymenolepis diminuta, Angiostrongylus cantonensis, Calodium hepaticum, Gongylonema neoplasticum and Moniliformis moniliformis. Despite the limited number of rats studied, the total predominance of coinfected rats as well as their high parasite loads seem to indicate a clear trend towards parasite tolerance.
Xception Deep Learning Model for Automatic Sorting of Olives Based on Ripening Stages
Authors: Saedi Seyed Iman , Rezaei Mehdi
Published: November 2023

Olive fruits at different ripening stages give rise to various table olive products and oil qualities. Therefore, developing an efficient method for recognizing and sorting olive fruits based on their ripening stages can greatly facilitate postharvest processing. This study introduces an automatic computer vision system that utilizes deep learning technology to classify the `Roghani` Iranian olive cultivar into five ripening stages using color images. The developed model employs convolutional neural networks (CNN) and transfer learning based on the Xception architecture and ImageNet weights as the base network. The model was fine-tuned by testing multiple configurations of well-known CNN layers. To minimize overfitting and enhance model generality, data augmentation techniques were employed. By considering different optimizers and two image sizes, four final candidate models were generated. These models were then compared in terms of loss and accuracy on the test dataset, classification performance (classification report and confusion matrix), and generality. All four candidates exhibited high accuracies ranging from 86.93% to 93.46% and comparable classification performance. In all models, at least one class was recognized with 100% accuracy. However, by taking into account the risk of overfitting, two models were discarded. Finally, a model with an image size of 224 × 224 and an SGD optimizer, which had a loss of 1.23 and an accuracy of 86.93%, was selected as the preferred option. The results of this study offer robust tools for automatic olive sorting systems, simplifying the differentiation of olives at various ripening levels for different post-harvest products.
Prospective Evaluation of the Public Transport System in the Petrosani Basin
Authors: Mihailescu Sorin
Published: November 2023

Public transport is one of the most important functions of a city, which can have a major impact on the elements that support sustainable development: society, the environment and the economy. In order for residents and tourists of the Petrosani Basin to benefit from a predictable, systematized public transport system with well-established travel times, it is necessary to analyze some current factors and trends regarding public transport in the Petrosani Basin. This prospective study confirms that the use of the public transport system in the Petrosani Basin is decreasing, a decrease mainly associated with the lack of spatial accessibility, comfort and safety of passengers (inappropriate stations, lack of air conditioning in means of transport, lack of a modern fare system, the lack of means of information in the stations, etc.) but also with the change in people's attitude imposed by the protective measures taken as a result of the coronavirus pandemic. However, it should be noted that the public transport system in the Petrosani Basin is strongly influenced by the geographical characteristics of the Petrosani Basin, by the sharp decrease in the population (negative natural increase; reduction of the school population) but also by the increase in the number of private cars.