bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Dawn of Editing Historical Sources in Poland in the 18th Century
Authors: Matwijów Maciej
Published: March 2022

The paper is devoted to one of Poland’s first publications (and at the same time one counted among the largest of that time in Europe) of documentary source materials entitled Epistolae historico-familiares (vol. 1–3, Brunsbergae 1709–1711, vol. 4, Wratislaviae 1761), covering the history of Poland between 1667 and 1710. The article focuses on presenting the circumstances in which the work was created, its contents and the issues relating to the authenticity of some of the materials contained therein. The work was compiled over several years (1706–1710) in the immediate surroundings and under the guidance of Bishop of Warmia Andrzej Chryzostom Załuski and comprised ca. 2,040–2,050 textual documents, mainly his correspondence as well as various historical materials and current public life materials. Despite controversies related to Załuski falsifying some of his letters, the work has lost nothing of its significant source value to this day.
The Impact of Covid-19 on the Free Movement Regime in the North
Authors: Heinikoski Saila , Hyttinen Tatu
Published: March 2022

In this article, we analyse the measures during the Covid-19 pandemic with which the Nordic countries Sweden, Denmark, Norway and Finland have placed restrictions based on the Free Movement Directive 2004/38/ec and reintroduced internal border controls stipulated in the Schengen Borders Code (Regulation 2016/399). Although currently regulated by these EU rules, Nordic free movement dates back to the common Nordic labour market and Nordic passport union established in the 1950s. Already in the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic, all Nordic countries except Sweden decided to reintroduce stricter internal border controls and restrict the entry of EU citizens into their countries. The article analyses these restrictions and illustrates that the countries interpret EU rules differently, lack a common Nordic approach to EU law in the field of free movement, and compromise even the rule of law.
Legislative and Judicial Strategies in Danish Law
Authors: Vedsted-Hansen Jens
Published: March 2022

Whereas Danish legislation traditionally accommodated international human rights obligations, as demonstrated by the 1992 incorporation of the European Convention on Human Rights, the past two decades have seen a significant counter-reaction. The changing approach has become manifest in connection with numerous restrictions of immigration and asylum policy in which international obligations were perceived as a constraint to domestic lawmaking. In order to manage the limits of international law, the Danish legislature has developed various strategies with a view to reconciling increasingly restrictive measures with human rights obligations. As compatibility became more difficult, new regulatory strategies were introduced along with rhetoric openly challenging international obligations, based on more unilateral or nationalist policy framing in light of the 2015 asylum crisis. The article will provide a typology of these strategies and analyse them in the context of judicial responses at domestic and international levels.
Recycling Early Modern Mathematical Instruments
Authors: Turner Anthony
Published: March 2022

Examples are given of how old instruments were recycled in the Early-Modern period in consequence of the difficulty and cost of obtaining brass suitable for instrument-making. Details of this practice are illustrated from two astrolabes by Jean Fusoris, one of which, described here, is a new addition to the corpus of his work.
Alchemy and Paracelsianism at the Casino di San Marco in Florence
Authors: Hedesan Georgiana D.
Published: March 2022

This article provides a first in-depth look at the La fonderia dell’Illmo et Ecc.mo Signor Don Antonio de’ Medici, a publication that was issued at the Casino di San Marco in Florence in 1604. This work has been deemed to be lost by many scholars on the Casino, but in fact a copy of it is found in the British Library. The article analyses the contents of La fonderia, paying particular attention to the alchemy and Paracelsianism to be identified therein. La fonderia is primarily a book of medical recipes, but also contains some intriguing theoretical parts. The paper also examines the marginalia that can be found in the British Library copy of La fonderia. The article concludes with a reflection on the importance of alchemy and Paracelsianism at Don Antonio’s Casino.
The roles of the syllable and the mora in Japanese: Adaptation of French words
Authors: Shigeko Shinohara
Published: March 2022

In Japanese adaptations of French words, we find two principal mechanisms that show the roles of the syllable and the mora: (1) syllable structure adjustment, which syllabifies French segments into well-formed Japanese syllables by means of vowel epenthesis; (2) syllable weight preservation, which creates heavy syllables for French word-final syllables closed by a single consonant or by an obstruent-liquid cluster, which are perceived by Japanese speakers as being heavy (i.e., containing two moras). Depending on various conditions, such heavy syllables are created either by lengthening the vowel or by geminating the final consonant
Analysis of male Leptagrion Selys, 1876 sensu lato (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) with description of four new genera and a new species
Authors: LENCIONI F.A.A.
Published: March 2022

The species currently included in Leptagrion Selys, 1876 are found to belong in five different genera: Leptagrion sensu stricto, including the type species Leptagrion macrurum (Burmeister, 1839), two previously described species, viz, Leptagrion bocainense Santos, 1979 and Leptagrion auriceps St. Quentin, 1960 (here recovered from synonym), and Leptagrion vilelai sp. nov.; Fredyagrion gen. nov. to include Leptagrion andromache Hagen in Selys, 1876, Leptagrion dispar Selys, 1876, Leptagrion elongatum Selys, 1876, Leptagrion aculeatum Santos, 1965a, Leptagrion capixabae Santos, 1965b, Leptagrion siqueirai Santos, 1968b, Leptagrion vriesianum Santos, 1978, Leptagrion afonsoi Machado, 2007, Leptagrion lencioninetoi Lencioni, 2017b, Leptagrion itabaiana Vilela et al., 2021a, and Leptagrion jeromei Lencioni, Vilela & Furieri, 2021 in Vilela et al., 2021b; Nathaliagrion gen. nov. to include Leptagrion porrectum Hagen in Selys, 1876 and Leptagrion perlongum Calvert, 1909; Machadagrion gen. nov. to include Leptagrion garbei Santos, 1961, Leptagrion dardanoi Santos, 1968a and Leptagrion cyanostigma Machado, 2012; Kiautagrion gen. nov. for and Leptagrion acutum Santos, 1961. Diagnostic illustrations of all species are presented.
Operative Surveillance of Airway Hemangiomas in PHACE Syndrome
Authors: Ramprasad Vaibhav H. , Konanur Anisha , McCoy Jennifer L. , McCormick Andrew , Jabbour Noel , Padia Reema
Published: March 2022

Objective:

PHACE is a rare syndrome that can present with airway hemangiomas. Management for these patients is variable and the utilization of operative endoscopic airway evaluation has not been described. The objectives of this study were to identify the incidence of airway symptoms in patients being evaluated for PHACE syndrome and determine the utility of operative endoscopy.

Methods:

An IRB-approved retrospective cohort study was conducted on consecutive pediatric patients with head and neck infantile hemangioma (IH) evaluated in a multi-disciplinary vascular anomalies center between 2013 and 2019. Patients were included if they were being worked up for PHACE syndrome and had an otolaryngology evaluation. Demographics, clinical, and surgical variables were collected.

Results:

There were 317 patients with head and neck IH. Thirty-six patients met inclusion criteria. The majority of patients were female (31/36; 86.1%) and less than half of the patients (15/36; 41.7%) were eventually diagnosed with PHACE syndrome. Median age at presentation was 2 months (range 0-82 months). A total of 28/36 (77.8%) of patients were managed with propranolol. The majority of the patients presented without aerodigestive symptoms; however, 16/36 (44.4%) of patients presented with symptoms such as stridor, hoarseness, and dysphagia. A total of 20/36 (55.6%) of patients underwent operative endoscopy. A total of 8/20 (40.0%) of patients who underwent operative endoscopy had operative intervention. Of the entire cohort, only 2/15 (13.3%) patients diagnosed with PHACE were found to have a subglottic hemangioma. Both patients presented with stridor.

Conclusion:

Operative endoscopy remains useful in the workup of PHACE syndrome to identify subglottic hemangiomas, however there may be relatively low yield in asymptomatic patients. In office flexible laryngoscopy may be a less invasive means to examine the subglottic region. A multi-center prospective study would be necessary to evaluate incidence of subglottic hemangiomas in asymptomatic patients evaluated for PHACE.
Effects of Soft Tissue Sleep Surgery on Morbidly Obese Patients
Authors: Shaikh Noah , Tumlin Parker , Greathouse Zachery , Bulbul Mustafa G. , Coutras Steven W.
Published: March 2022

Introduction:

Morbidly obese patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are often intolerant of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). The effects of sleep surgery in this population is not well documented, and sleep surgery is generally avoided due to the expectation of poor outcomes, leaving these patients untreated.

Methods:

This retrospective study included 42 patients with a body mass index (BMI) ≥40.0 and OSA with a preoperative apnea hypopnea index (AHI) ≥5. Preoperative BMI ranged from 40.0 to 69.0 kg/m2. Preoperative AHI ranged from 7.2 to 130.0. Of 42 patients, 12 (28.6%) underwent concurrent pharyngeal and retrolingual surgery. Subgroup analysis of change in AHI was measured with respect to preoperative OSA severity, change in preoperative BMI, and BMI severity. Univariate linear and logistic regression was performed assessing change in AHI and surgical success with respect to age, sex, preoperative AHI, preoperative BMI, change in BMI, total procedures, palatal procedure, retrolingual procedure, nasal procedure, and multilevel procedures.

Results:

The mean AHI improved from 45.9 ± 31.8 to 31.9 ± 31.6 ( P = .007). Epworth sleepiness score (ESS) improved from 13.2 ± 5.5 to 9.6 ± 5.4 ( P = .00006). Lowest oxygen saturation (LSAT) improved from 74.4 ± 10.7 to 79.9 ± 10.4 ( P = .002). About 33.3% of patients had surgical success (AHI < 20 with at least 50% reduction in AHI). Preoperative AHI was the most significant factor for change in AHI in univariate and multivariate models ( P = .015).

Conclusion:

Sleep surgery is effective in reducing OSA burden in most morbidly obese patients and can result in surgical cure for a third of patients.
Spirituality in the health curricula in Canada: A review
Authors: Pilato Kelly A , Michaelson Valerie
Published: March 2022

Background:

The spiritual dimensions of health offer important protective benefits to young people. Yet, little is known about how concern for these is operationalised for youth in school curricula.

Objectives:

This rapid review examined if, and if so how, the spiritual dimensions of health were being conceptualised in school curricula and, in turn, how the curricula proposed that the spiritual health of young people is best supported.

Method:

Using National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools (NCCMT) guidelines, we conducted a rapid review of all 10 provincial and 3 territorial physical education and health curricula in Canada. Data included all curriculum documents containing any reference(s) to spiritual/spirituality/religion that were extracted into a master table. Coding and thematic analysis were used to categorise and synthesise the data iteratively.

Results:

In total, 115 curricula documents were retrieved from the web, of which 67 were included for screening. Analyses revealed how the spiritual dimensions of health are used in curricula overall and provide evidence that while the spiritual dimensions of health offer important protective benefits to Canadian young people, they are often not included in health curricula in Canada, and when they are, they are not always rooted in theory or evidence.

Conclusion:

Details about how the spiritual dimensions of health are operationalised in the school curriculum remain underdeveloped and vague. Some curricula offer promising ideas about how the spiritual dimensions of health can be used to support child health and well-being. However, educational settings currently provide a missed opportunity to support the spiritual health of young Canadians.
Green rigid polyurethane foam from hydroxyl liquid natural rubbers as macro-hydroxyl polyols
Authors: Ruamcharoen Jareerat , Phetphaisit Chor Wayakron , Ruamcharoen Polphat
Published: March 2022

The novel renewable source precursors from hydroxyl liquid natural rubbers (HLNRs) with various secondary hydroxyl content of 22% (HLNR22), 35% (HLNR35), and 50% (HLNR50) (or naming macro-hydroxyl polyols) were used to prepare rigid polyurethane foam. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hydroxyl content of HLNR precursors and the ratio of HLNRs and commercial polyols on physico-mechanical properties of rigid polyurethane foams in comparison to foams made from commercial polyols. The increase in hydroxyl content of HLNRs resulted in the foams with larger cell size while the increase in the HLNR portion caused a small and more uniform cell size, which is related to their density and compressive strength. Thermal stability of polyurethane foams was analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis and the results have demonstrated that the use of HLNR polyols improved thermal stability of polyurethane foams in comparison to commercial foam.
A Look Back: The ongoing special education debate in Kappan
Authors: Preston Teresa
Published: March 2022

The conversation about how schools can best serve children with disabilities stretches back for decades, long before the passage of IDEA. Teresa Preston traces how Kappan authors deliberated over where and how students should receive special education services. Although authors have generally supported educating students with disabilities alongside their nondisabled peers, many have expressed skepticism about the benefits of full inclusion for every child. Others have noted that many of the strategies employed in special education might also benefit all students and suggested that special education expand its reach.
Placement matters: Is your reading intervention effective?
Authors: Brooks Maneka Deanna , Frankel Katherine K. , Learned Julie E.
Published: March 2022

Stand-alone reading intervention courses, or reading classes, are designed to facilitate the literacy development of adolescents who have been deemed “struggling” readers. However, the existence of such courses does not mean that these goals are realized. Decades of qualitative research on youth perspectives and experiences have documented how inequity can persist within reading classes. Nevertheless, district mandates or curricular adoptions often require schools to offer these courses. To mitigate students’ negative experiences when these courses are offered, Maneka Deanna Brooks, Katherine K. Frankel, and Julie E. Learned draw on their research to propose a four-phase process to evaluate and revise policies and practices for placing students in reading classes.
Career confidential: Teacher feels pressure to teach while sick if it’s not COVID
Authors: Fagell Phyllis L.
Published: March 2022

Phyllis Fagell offers advice to teachers dealing with workplace challenges. One teacher’s school is facing staff shortages during COVID. Teachers who are sick with colds, but not COVID, are coming to work because so many staff members have tested positive for COVID, despite feeling well. Another teacher wants to know how to help a student whose insecurity and immaturity are leading him to tell lies, disrupt class, and cheat.
Peter Winch and the Autonomy of the Social Sciences
Authors: Ahlskog Jonas
Published: March 2022

This article offers a reassessment of the main import of Peter Winch’s philosophy of the social sciences. Critics argue that Winch presented a flawed methodology for the social sciences, while his supporters deny that Winch’s work is about methodology at all. Contrary to both, the author argues that Winch deals with fundamental questions about methodology, and that there is something substantial to learn from his account. Winch engages methodological questions without being committed to social ontology. Instead, Winch’s work on methodology is best described as a descriptive metaphysics of social inquiry. This alternative reading clarifies the close link between Winch’s argument for the autonomy of the social sciences and R. G. Collingwood’s philosophy of history.
Using Technology to Assess Individualized Education Plan Goal Progress During Virtual Learning
Authors: Wade Taryn , McConomy M. Addie , Heiniger Sarah , Root Jenny , Hott Brittany
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this article is to provide practical, research-based strategies for using technology to monitor Individualized Education Plan (IEP) goal progress. Steps in the assessment process and progress monitoring strategies are provided to support educators in meeting the needs of students and to communicate the performance results with families. Case studies, resources, and sample materials are provided.
Book review: Nayanjot Lahiri, Archaeology and the Public Purpose: Writings on and by M. N. Deshpande
Authors: Alone Y. S.
Published: March 2022

Nayanjot Lahiri, Archaeology and the Public Purpose: Writings on and by M. N. Deshpande, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 2021, ₹1,595, (Hardcover).
Book review: R. Mahalakshmi, ed., Art and History: Texts, Contexts and Visual Representations in Ancient and Early Medieval India
Authors: Majumdar Susmita Basu
Published: March 2022

R. Mahalakshmi, ed., Art and History: Texts, Contexts and Visual Representations in Ancient and Early Medieval India, Bloomsbury,New Delhi, 2020, xlvi + 352 pp., ₹1,599, (Hardcover).
Effectiveness of physical therapy given by telerehabilitation on pain and disability of individuals with shoulder pain: A systematic review
Authors: Gava Vander , Ribeiro Larissa Pechincha , Barreto Rodrigo Py Gonçalves , Camargo Paula Rezende
Published: March 2022

Objective

To systematically review the effects of physical therapy given by telerehabilitation on pain and disability in individuals with shoulder pain.

Data sources

PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, LILACS, Cochrane, Web of Science, SCOPUS, SciELO and Ibecs were searched in January/2022.

Methods

This systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines. Randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of physical therapy given by telerehabilitation on pain and disability in patients with shoulder pain were included. The quality and level of the evidence were assessed with the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and GRADE, respectively. The effect sizes of the main outcomes were also calculated.

Results

Six randomized controlled trials were included with a total sample of 368 patients with shoulder pain. Four and two randomized controlled trials were assessed as low and high risk of bias, respectively. Three randomized controlled trials assessed shoulder post-operative care, two assessed chronic shoulder pain, and one assessed frozen shoulder. Very low to low evidence suggests that there is no difference between telerehabilitation and in-person physical therapy or home-based exercises programs to improve pain and disability in patients with shoulder pain. Low evidence suggests that telerehabilitation is superior to advice only to improve shoulder pain (effect size: 2.42; 95% Confidence Interval: 1.72, 3.06) and disability (effect size: 1.61; 95% Confidence Interval: 1.01, 2.18).

Conclusions

Although telerehabilitation may be a promising tool to treat patients with shoulder pain and disability, the very low to low quality of evidence does not support a definite recommendation of its use in this population.
Teaching by active learning: A laboratory experience on fundamentals of vibrations
Authors: Di Carlo Simone , Benedetti Lorenzo , Di Gialleonardo Egidio
Published: March 2022

This article shows the design and construction of a test bench for experiments on mechanical systems vibrations. The experimental setup is finalized to the development of a project work proposed to the students of the course "Mechanical System Vibrations", within the BSc faculty of Mechanical Engineering. The principal motivation that leads to the enrichment of the educational programme of the aforementioned course is the willingness to involve the students in a valuable learning-by-doing activity, aligned to the recent paradigm of active learning. From a didactic perspective, such an approach improves the engagement of the students and promotes the discussion with their peers. In this framework, the curiosity towards the practical activity enhances the acquisition of knowledge. The project regards the theoretical modelling of a 4-storeys building exploiting a lumped-parameters approach, and the deployment of some laboratory sessions. Acceleration data gathered during laboratory activities are employed in analyses in both the time and the frequency domain, exploiting the procedure of “Experimental Modal Analysis”. Conclusively, the project requires the students to design and construct two different types of Tuned Mass Dampers whose effectiveness will be directly tested on the building, subjected to a condition of harmonic motion imposed by an actuated sled. The final deliverable of this practical activity is a report that students should submit by the end of the course.
The Role of Dynamic Risk and Protective Factors in Predicting Violent Recidivism: Intellectual Ability as a Possible Moderator?
Authors: Garritsen Karolien , Janković Marija , Masthoff Erik , Caluwé Elien De , Bogaerts Stefan
Published: March 2022

This study investigated which risk and protective factors, based on the 14 clinical indicators of the Historical-Clinical-Future Revised, significantly predicted violent recidivism in a sample of 315 male forensic psychiatric patients. Additionally, it was investigated whether these associations were moderated by intellectual ability. Regarding risk factors, a stronger influence of risky network members, and higher levels of hostility, impulsivity, and addiction significantly predicted violent recidivism. Likewise, regarding protective factors, poorer social and labor skills, and a lower degree of patient’s acceptance of crime responsibility were significant predictors of violent recidivism. Contrary to our expectations, better coping skills and more insight into risky behaviors that can lead to relapse also contributed significantly to an increased likelihood of violent recidivism. Intellectual ability had no significant moderating effect on the associations between the factors and violent recidivism. The results offer an insight into which factors need to be prioritized during treatment.
Demonstrating the protective effect of a 70-year-old occupational exposure limit against pneumoconiosis caused by mica
Authors: Fried Kristian W , DeLeo Paul C
Published: March 2022

Workers involved in crushing, milling, screening, and bagging of mica scrap are at increased risk to develop pneumoconiosis, a progressive material overloading of the lung that can lead to fibrosis and, in the later stages, to dyspnea. Pneumoconiosis is only seen after 10–20 years of respiratory mica exposure, and it can have a latency period of up to 40 years—today’s cases date back to exposures during the second half of the 20th century. An occupational lifetime exposure level of 3 mg/m3 respirable mica dust has been considered to present no risk of pneumoconiosis since 1951 when the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) established a 20 million particles per cubic foot (mppcf) (3.5 mg/m3 respirable particles) exposure limit. As a result, numbers of unspecified and other pneumoconioses in the United States have steadily declined since the early 1970s. Data from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health documents a 91% decrease between 1972 and 2014 (i.e., the peak of documented cases and the latest reported data) for combined cases of aluminosis, berylliosis, stannosis, siderosis, and fibrosis from production and use of bauxite, graphite fibers, wollastonite, cadmium, Portland cement, emery, kaolin, antimony, and mica. Ample evidence indicates that the 70-year-old occupational lifetime exposure level of 3 mg/m3 respirable mica dust is protective of workers’ health.
Improvement in shop floor management using ANN coupled with VSM: A case study
Authors: Tripathi Varun , Saraswat Suvandan , Gautam Girish D
Published: March 2022

In the present article, the authors have employed the Value Stream Mapping (VSM) technique for the existing shop floor process in an earthmoving equipment manufacturing unit. Thereafter, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN)-based information processing technique has been used for generating a prediction model of shop floor management. For developing the ANN-based prediction model, the production time involved in different processes has been collected for 31 working days. This collected data has been used for training and testing the ANN model. Thereafter, to validate the developed ANN model, more 7 days data has been collected and compared with the predicted values of model for the same input attributes. From the results, it has been found that the performance of the developed model is highly adequate for the prediction purpose with the MSE and MAE values for training data and testing data as 0.0008105545 and 0.0000008979 and 0.01012315 and 0.0001658978, respectively. Based on the acquired results it is evident that the proposed methodology may be significant in predicting the production time of the anticipated shop floor.
A novel quasi-dynamic guidance law for a dynamic dual-spin projectile with non-conventional, asymmetric roll constraints
Authors: Norris James , Economou John , Hameed Amer
Published: March 2022

A novel quasi-dynamic guidance law (QDGL) is presented for a dual-spin projectile (DSP) with unconventional constraints on roll direction. A 7 degree-of-freedom (DOF) dynamic model is established and the projectile operational mechanism is presented with a description of how it is used to enact control. The QDGL is presented and a parametric study is conducted to show how the QDGL parameters affect the system response. A procedure of using batches of Monte Carlo simulations is described, to numerically compare the system response with different QDGL configurations. A genetic algorithm is then used to optimise both the innate system parameters and PID controller gains. The disturbance rejection capabilities of the optimal QDGL are then evaluated along with the performance against different target profiles. It was found that the GA optimised QDGL is able to provide satisfactory control capabilities against static and dynamic targets.
Understanding Farmworker Fluid Intake Using Intersectionality Theory
Authors: Mizelle Elizabeth , Larson Kim , Doherty Caroline
Published: March 2022

In the United States, Latino farmworkers are disproportionately at risk for death from heat-related illnesses. To elicit Latino farmworker perceptions on their fluid intake and heat stress, a qualitative descriptive, community-informed research study was conducted in eastern North Carolina. A total of 28 Mexican farmworkers participated in one of 4 focus groups. Using content analysis and guided by Intersectionality theory, themes and subthemes were identified. The first theme was Absence of Protection, represented by 2 subthemes: (1a) Intense Climate Considerations; and (1b) Workplace Exploitation. The second theme, Freedom to Drink, included 2 subthemes: (2a) Distance and Distaste; and (2b) Culture of Farm Work. Farmworkers perceived extreme outdoor temperatures as the greatest workplace barrier to staying hydrated and reported water accessibility and quality issues. Farmworker fluid intake was influenced by interlocking social categories and power systems. Policy recommendations that prevent farmworker heat-related illness and promote hydration are discussed.
Black Girls and School Discipline: The Role of Teacher’s Race, Pubertal Development, and Discipline Philosophy on Discipline Decisions
Authors: Blake Jamilia J. , Jackson Lyric , Ruffin Naomi , Salter Phia , Li Haoran , Banks Courtney , Williams Kayce Solari
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine whether school discipline sanctions issued to female students are attributed to their racial background and developmental status and if this relation differs by teacher’s racial/ethnic background and discipline philosophy. Drawing from a sample of 515 practicing educators from the United States, the authors used an experimental design to examine if teacher’s discipline decision-making differed by student’s race, student’s developmental status, and teacher’s racial/ethnic background and discipline philosophy. Results suggest that teacher’s racial/ethnic background and discipline philosophy were the most salient predictors of discipline severity. Implications for future research on school discipline and Black girls are discussed.
Investigational New Drug Enabling Nonclinical Safety Pharmacology Assessment of the Iminosugar UV-4, a Broad-Spectrum Host-Targeted Antiviral Agent
Authors: Shearer Jeffry , Wolfe Gary , Sampath Aruna , Warfield Kelly L , Kaufman Brian , Ramstedt Urban , Treston Anthony
Published: March 2022

UV-4 (N-(9-methoxynonyl)-1-deoxynojirimycin) is a broad-spectrum antiviral drug candidate with demonstrated activity in vitro and in vivo against multiple, diverse viruses. Nonclinical safety pharmacology studies were conducted to support the filing of an Investigational New Drug (IND) application. Preliminary in vitro pharmacology testing evaluating potential for binding to “off-target” receptors and enzymes indicated no significant liability for advanced development of UV-4. The safety pharmacology of UV-4 was evaluated in the in vitro human ether-à-go-go-related gene (hERG) assay, in a central nervous system (CNS) study in the mouse (modified Irwin test), in a respiratory safety study in conscious mice using whole body plethysmography, and in a cardiovascular safety study in conscious, radiotelemetry-instrumented beagle dogs. There were no observed adverse treatment-related effects following administration of UV-4 as the hydrochloride salt in the hERG potassium channel assay, on respiratory function, in the CNS study, or in the cardiovascular assessment. Treatment-related cardiovascular effect of decreased arterial pulse pressure after 50 or 200 mg of UV-4/kg was the only change outside the normal range, and all hemodynamic parameters returned to control levels by the end of the telemetry recording period. These nonclinical safety pharmacology assessments support the evaluation of this host-targeted broad-spectrum antiviral drug candidate in clinical studies.
Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Epstein–Barr Virus -Positive Kappa Monotypic Plasma Cell Proliferation and Invasive Carcinoma, Developing in a Child With Defective Mismatch Repair
Authors: Uner Meral , Saglam Arzu , Tukun Ajlan , Aydın Burca , Akyol Aytekin , Uner Aysegul
Published: March 2022

Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency (CMMRD) syndrome is characterized by biallelic mutations in a mismatch repair gene and is associated with development of childhood cancers and symptoms resembling neurofibromatosis type 1, like café-au-lait spots. We describe the extremely rare case of a 12-year-old male presenting with several light brown macular lesions on the skin, gastrointestinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, adenomatous polyposis throughout the gastrointestinal tract and an intra-abdominal invasive carcinoma derived from upper gastrointestinal system. All neoplasia, as well as normal tissues, showed loss of Msh6 expression with immunohistochemistry. Molecular studies showed pathogenic homozygous p.F1088Sfs*2 mutation in MSH6. Furthermore, signs consistent with immunodeficiency, namely decreased levels of IgG and IgA in the serum, nodular lymphoid hyperplasia and EBV-associated plasma cell proliferation with monotypic kappa light chain expression in the ileum, were also noted. Our case depicts the phenotypic diversity of CMMRD syndrome and emphasizes its association with immunodeficiency, raising awareness to a feature not widely recognized.
New understandings in childhood research and their implications for child and family services
Authors: Spratt Trevor , Frederick John , Devaney John
Published: March 2022

In recent times the production of research linking childhood experiences with later life outcomes has had the effect of producing new understandings of child development, with increased attribution given to this stage in the life cycle as being foundational for future outcomes. In turn, this has generated the development of models which combine physiological, psychological and social impacts of adversity to challenge services to deliver interventions which are trauma aware and consequently designed to either prevent the occurrence, or ameliorate the effects, of childhood adversities. In this article we examine the implications of these developments for services delivered at community, familial and individual levels. While there have been attempts to incorporate advances in research with respect to what is harmful to children, the space for action remains limited both by structural constraints and the lag in the development of an evidential base supportive of interventions designed to make a positive difference in the lives of children.
Attention recurrent residual U-Net for predicting pixel-level crack widths in concrete surfaces
Authors: Rao Aravinda S , Nguyen Tuan , Le Son T , Palaniswami Marimuthu , Ngo Tuan
Published: March 2022

Cracks in concrete structures are one of the most important indicators of structural damage, and it is a necessity to detect and measure cracks for ensuring safety and integrity of concrete structures. The widely practised approach in inspecting the structures is by performing visual inspections followed by manual estimation of crack widths. This approach is not only time-consuming, laborious, and time-intensive but also prone to subjective errors and inefficient. To address these issues, we propose a novel deep learning framework for detecting cracks and then estimating crack widths in concrete surface images. Our framework handles both small- and large-sized images and provides a prediction of crack width at locations specified by the user. The proposed framework uses Attention Recurrent Residual U-Net (Attention R2U-Net) with Random Forest regressor to predict crack width with the mean prediction error of ±0.31 mm for crack widths varying from 0 to 8.95 mm and produces the lowest absolute maximum error of 1.3 mm. Our model has a coefficient of determination ( R2) of 0.91, showing a non-linear mapping function with low prediction errors. We compare our model with a combination of four other segmentation models and regression models. Our proposed model has superior performance compared to other models, and one can easily adopt our framework to a variety of Structural Health Monitoring applications using Internet of Things sensors.
Automatic defect detection for ultrasonic wave propagation imaging method using spatio-temporal convolution neural networks
Authors: Ye Jiaxing , Toyama Nobuyuki
Published: March 2022

Ultrasonic wave propagation imaging enables the detection of anomalies in various structures; hence, it has been applied as one of the promising techniques for damage identification in structural health monitoring (SHM). The interpretation of imaging data is vital to SHM; however, it relies significantly on expert subjective judgment, rendering the results vulnerable to human errors. Recent advances in the field of computer vision arising from the adoption of deep neural networks have resulted in new perspectives for substituting human roles in laborious data interpretation tasks. This paper presents an effective learning architecture that can characterize the ultrasonic wave propagation videos for automatic non-destructive inspection. The main contribution is threefold: 1. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to leverage video content analysis techniques to exploit ultrasonic wave propagation image series. Previous approaches that focused on the still wavefield images are likely to lose critical temporal information, thereby resulting in an inferior performance. 2. We devise a model that progressively aggregates both temporal and spatial information encoded in multiple adjacent snapshots of ultrasonic wave propagation motions for efficient data analysis. We presented the details regarding the system implementation and critical parameter settings. 3. The proposed approach is validated through extensive experimental comparisons with other state-of-the-art computer vision techniques on a real dataset which is publicly available. We hope that this study will encourage further investigations into video-based non-destructive data interpretation, not limited to ultrasonic signals.
Crime, justice and criminology in the Republic of Ireland
Authors: Hamilton Claire
Published: March 2022

This country survey examines the core Irish criminal justice institutions; basic trends in crime and punishment over the last 50 years; and critical junctures in the debate over law and order in recent decades. Using an earlier country survey by O’Donnell (2005a ) as a baseline, it charts the significant growth of the discipline of criminology within Ireland. The article argues that Irish criminal justice retains a distinctively local flavour and highlights the promise of Irish criminology in many key areas of contemporary interest.
Preliminary Effectiveness Study of a Community-Based Wellness Coaching for Cancer Survivors Program
Authors: Berzins Nicole J. , Mackenzie Michael , Galantino Mary Lou , Pickles Nicole , Hebbel Sean , Leonard Tara , Beneck Diane , Peterson Michael
Published: March 2022

Purpose: Substantial cancer burden may be prevented through lifestyle modifications. The purpose of this study was to determine the preliminary effectiveness of health coaching for the improvement of health, fitness, and overall well-being of cancer survivors in a community setting. Methods: Participants were recruited from Cancer Support Community Delaware locations. Health coaching was provided to people diagnosed with cancer anywhere along the survivorship continuum. Coaches provided 6 individual sessions. Surveys were sent pre- and post-intervention on topics including fitness, eating habits, sleep, perceived stress, anxiety, depression, and quality of life. Results were analyzed using multilevel modeling. Results: 48 participants completed an average of 85% of health coaching sessions. Coaching participants noted improvements in weekly physical activity frequency, including moderate–vigorous physical activity. Increases were found in healthy eating behavior. Participants reported improvements in the quality of their sleep, including changes in sleep duration and sleep efficiency. Significant reductions were found in perceived stress, anxiety, and depression. Importantly, participants reported improved quality of life, particularly in areas of physical and emotional well-being, as well as functional and total well-being. Conclusion: Preliminary findings indicate significant behavior change in measured outcomes and suggest health coaching may be an important tool for cancer survivorship.
Defining and finding an endgame in education on race
Authors: Ezell Jerel M , Torres-Beltran Angie , Hamdi Samiha
Published: March 2022

Long regarded as the “great equalizer” across all social identity categories, including race/ethnicity, class, and gender, the education system plays a pronounced role in the curation and dissemination of knowledge on social stratification. In contemporary times, this role is perhaps no more evident than in academia’s gatekeeping role in discussions of race and racism. Contemporary racial injustice in the U.S. provides raw material for consideration of how the American education system in particular has articulated the forces that give rise to racial injustice and, in turn, how academia shapes--and also places itself inside and outside of--these conversations. Examining the pedagogy of “education on race,” this piece explores whether academia can be expected to meaningfully set a course for addressing systemic and structural racism, or indeed directly address it. Considering Foucault, Freire, and Bonilla-Silva’s interlocking arguments about the persuasive nature of power, we contextualize the emergence of corrosive academic "love languages" on race to explore how educational institutes produce and reproduce systems of oppression through gestures of racial solidarity that stop purposefully short of substantive action. We close with a proposal for using indigenous, empathy-focused interventions to generate impactful dialogue and action towards anti-racism in educational spaces and beyond.
Improving the Patient Experience With Longer Wear Infusion Sets Symposium Report
Authors: Nguyen Kevin T. , Xu Nicole Y. , Buckingham Bruce A. , Chattaraj Sarnath , Cohen Ohad , Heinemann Lutz , Pickup John , Svensson Jannet , Vigersky Robert A. , Wong Jenise C. , Ziegler Ralph
Published: March 2022

Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) therapy is becoming increasingly popular. CSII provides convenient insulin delivery, precise dosing, easy adjustments for physical activity, stress, or illness, and integration with continuous glucose monitors in hybrid or other closed-loop systems. However, even as insulin pump hardware and software have advanced, technology for insulin infusion sets (IISs) has stayed relatively stagnant over time and is often referred to as the “Achilles heel” of CSII. To discuss barriers to insulin pump therapy and present information about advancements in, and results from clinical trials of extended wear IISs, Diabetes Technology Society virtually hosted the “Improving the Patient Experience with Longer Wear Infusion Sets Symposium” on December 1, 2021. The symposium featured experts in the field of IISs, including representatives from Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, University of California San Francisco, Stanford University, Medtronic Diabetes, and Science Consulting in Diabetes. The webinar’s seven speakers covered (1) advancements in insulin pump therapy, (2) efficacy of longer wear infusion sets, and (3) innovations to reduce plastics and insulin waste.
Can the Nasion-Mandibula Ratio Predict Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Patients With Retrognathia?
Authors: van der Plas Pleun P. J. M. , Koudstaal Maarten J. , Pullens Bas , Mathijssen Irene M. J. , Wolvius Eppo B. , Joosten Koen F. M.
Published: March 2022

Introduction:

Robin Sequence (RS) is characterized by retrognathia, glossoptosis, and upper airway obstruction (UAO). Nonetheless, the exact role of retrognathia in RS remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate if measuring retrognathia could be of use next to the polysomnography (PSG) in the diagnosis of RS by differentiating RS patients and controls. Furthermore, this study endeavored to evaluate mandibular growth over time.

Methods:

A retrospective study was performed on RS patients without life-threatening UAO and controls. Mandibular length was assessed by using the Nasion-Mandibula Ratio (NMRatio) at the following three time points: 0 to 3 months, 1 year, and 4 years of age.

Results:

A total of 107 patients were included of whom 38 were diagnosed with RS. Thirty-two patients presented with clinical retrognathia but without obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), whilst 37 patients had an isolated cleft palate (CP). At 0 to 3 months, 1 year, and 4 years of age, significant higher NMRatios were found in RS patients compared to isolated CP patients, whilst no significant differences were found compared to retrognathia-only patients. Within RS patients, no significant differences were found between isolated versus non-isolated and invasively versus non-invasively treated patients. In all three patient groups, a significant decrease of the NMRatio was seen at the age of 4 years compared to 0 to 3 months and 1 year of age.

Conclusions:

Although the NMRatio differs between RS and isolated CP patients, a seemingly small mandible (in a-p direction) does not reflect functional outcomes in RS patients and a PSG should always be performed to confirm the diagnosis. Despite that mandibular length significantly increased after the first year of life, mandibular size of RS patients does not seem to reach values of normal infants. Accordingly, mandibular catch up growth, that is suggested to be typically present in RS patients, was not found by our study.
Revisiting Organizational Design in the Light of Isomorphism and Equifinality: Insights from the Study of Three Major Transformation Projects
Authors: Aubry Monique , Richer Marie-Claire , Lavoie-Tremblay Mélanie , Fortin Claude , Fortin Verreault Jean-François
Published: March 2022

This article examines how governance mechanisms were put in place in three organizational transformation projects undertaken in university hospital centers. Our focus is guided by a theoretical discourse on the place of rational choices on organizational design versus the desire to imitate other organizations. The article presents two complementary points of view: a longitudinal study and a recent a posteriori reflection with five key players. A first result highlights efforts invested in the preparation stages and that these nevertheless resulted in comparable performances: hence, the concept of equifinality. However, a second result reveals complementarity between equifinality and institutional isomorphism.
Crystal structure and composition of hiärneite, Ca2Zr4Mn3+SbTiO16, and constitution of the calzirtite group
Authors: Holtstam Dan , Bindi Luca
Published: March 2022

The crystal structure of hiärneite has been refined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data (λ = 0.71073 Å) on type material from Långban, Värmland, Sweden. The refinement converged to R1 = 0.046 based on 1073 reflections with F2 > 4σ(F2). The tetragonal unit cell, space group I41/acd, has the parameters a = 15.2344(6) Å and c = 10.0891(6) Å with Z = 8. The mineral is isostructural with calzirtite, ideally Ca2Zr5Ti2O16, with a structural topology derived from fluorite. In hiärneite, Mn3+ is ordered at a 4- to 8-fold coordinated site (with a distorted polyhedral coordination figure), without the atom splitting encountered at the corresponding Zr-dominated site of calzirtite. The end-member formula for hiärneite is established as Ca2Zr4Mn3+SbTiO16. The calzirtite group, with calzirtite, hiärneite and tazheranite (cubic ZrO2-x), has been approved by the IMA–CNMNC.