bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical simulation of vehicle hood underwater active propulsion separation
Authors: Guo Chen , Yu Wenhui , Yao Baotai , Zhang Peng
Published: October 2024

In order to study the separation process of the underwater active propulsion hood, this paper analyzes the main stages of the underwater separation system. By using unstructured dynamic mesh technology, the control equations of computational fluid dynamics are coupled with the six-degree-of-freedom motion equations to calculate the influence of different installation angles of the propulsion device and the distance of thrust deviation from the center of gravity on the separation of the hood. The results show that hydrodynamics will exert a moment on the hood, causing the hood to rotate. Excessive rotation of the hood can lead to collisions with the vehicle. Raising the installation angle of the propulsion device and applying thrust to resist the rotation of the hood can reduce the angular velocity of the hood, improve the effectiveness of the thrust, and optimize the separation performance of the system.
Research on sedimentation characteristics of the end bend water extraction project of cascade reservoir backwater
Authors: He Chuankai
Published: October 2024

The operation mode of upstream and downstream cascade power stations significantly impacts the river bed in the water intake section, leading to complex sediment deposition characteristics in the curved river section at the reservoir’s end. In this research, a standard physical model for bed load and suspended load at a scale of λl=λh=100 was conducted, combined with the operation mode of upstream and downstream power stations, to investigate the sediment deposition patterns in the intake section and to study the sediment deposition characteristics in the intake area. The experimental results reveal that bed load sediment predominantly accumulates on the right bank (convex bank) of the river, with no bed load sediment accumulation at the mushroom head layout of the water intake project on the left bank (concave bank). When the operation of upstream and downstream power stations is uncoordinated, suspended sediment settles in the water intake section, with no sediment accumulation in the local area of the mushroom head of the intake due to the disturbance effect. Safety sensitivity analysis indicates that the safety of the water intake project can be ensured.
Research on numerical prediction of hydrodynamic interference under coupling of pod propeller and hull
Authors: Yao Zhenqiu , Zhao Yutao , Ling Hongjie
Published: October 2024

Taking the cable-laying ship and the pod propeller as the research objects, based on the Reynolds time-averaged RANS equation and sliding moving grid technology, the self-propulsion numerical calculation of the coupling of the pod propeller and the hull was completed. By comparing the resistance of the bare hull and the thrust of the pod propeller, the hydrodynamic interference under the coupling state of the pod propeller and the hull is analyzed. The results show that when Fr=0.295, the total resistance of the ship increases by 21.6%, the pressure difference resistance increases by 30.5%, the wake fraction is 0.011, and the thrust derating is 0.178. The research results provide theoretical and technical guidance on the interference problem between the hull and the pod propeller.
Hydrodynamic performance on cavity resonant type floating breakwater for long waves
Authors: Gui Bin , Ji Chunyan , Li Zhifu , Bian Xiangqian
Published: October 2024

The current work investigates a cavity resonant-type floating breakwater (FB). Therefore, the Helmholtz resonator principle was adopted to reduce the intensity of long-period waves effectively. The configuration of the internal cavity was optimized to resonate with the fluid inside the cavity, thereby dissipating wave energy. Five models with different gap distances (GDs) were analyzed. Various experiments compared the traditional box-type floating breakwater performance with modified floating breakwater models. The experiments were focused on evaluating the transmission coefficient of stationary models under various wave heights and periods. According to the results, the optimized wave attenuation mechanism can effectively overcome the technical defects of the conventional floating breakwater, which limits its application for long-period wave attenuation. Meanwhile, it is found that for a given principal size, the proposed floating breakwater exhibits a 20%-30% smaller transmission coefficient relative to the traditional box-type FB in medium and long-period waves.
Research on design method of aircraft reserve fuel tank to improve hydrodynamic performance
Authors: Jiang Ting , Shi Sheng-zhe , Wu Bin , Huang Miao , Wang Fan
Published: October 2024

To improve the water surface floating ability of helicopters and reduce their dependence on emergency buoys, this paper proposes a reserve fuel tank scheme design based on the “dual resonance” principle of fuel tank and fuel movement. The aim is to reduce the floating response amplitude of helicopters by changing a series of variables, such as the main scale of the fuel tank, the total amount of fuel, and the installation position. The influence of different variables on helicopter roll motion was studied by comparing the amplitude response operator variation curves of helicopters under 11 fuel tank parameters. The anti-roll design method of reserve fuel tanks was mastered. The results show that the key parameters affecting helicopter roll motion are the vertical position and cross-sectional area of the fuel tank. Based on the optimization of the main parameters and installation position of the fuel tank proposed in this paper, the fuel tank can reduce the maximum amplitude response of the helicopter by about 12.3%.
Micro-scale flow simulation study of low-yield wells in tight gas reservoirs
Authors: Yan Ruifeng , Zhang Yueqi , Meng Wanying , Sun Dong , Luo Dalong , Ding Wei
Published: October 2024

The mechanism of gas-water flow in reservoirs has traditionally been characterized macroscopically based on flow experiments, but the microscopic mechanisms of gas-water flow in porous media cannot be precisely described experimentally. This paper categorizes low-yield gas wells into Types I, II, and III. With microscopic visualization principles, three different types of core thin-section photos were selected to construct a pore structure model, allowing for micro-scale flow simulation to examine micro-scale percolation patterns in various types of low-yield gas well reservoirs. The results show that there is a shorter displacement time in Type I reservoirs compared to Type II and III reservoirs which exhibit more pronounced fingering phenomena.
Floating body motion coupling study and economic evaluation of different floating photovoltaic arrangement schemes under hybrid solar-wind power generation
Authors: Lin Feiyan , Li Na
Published: October 2024

Reducing the number of anchor points and moorings for floating platforms is one of the ways to reduce the integration and maintenance costs of floating offshore wind and solar farms. This paper focuses on the technical feasibility and economic viability of reducing the number of anchor points and moorings for floating offshore PV platforms by using a monopile of a stationary wind turbine as a mooring anchor point and introducing a shared line system. In this paper, three different floating solar layouts and their corresponding mooring systems are numerically evaluated and optimized under different environmental loading conditions using the commercial software OrcaFlex. The results of the study show that the implementation of a shared mooring solution maximizes the cost-effectiveness economically while technically ensuring stable operation.
Study on the dynamic characteristics of rising bubbles under the influence of viscosity based on VOF method
Authors: Qin Zikai , Li Mingyuan , Chen Xin , Cui Jie
Published: October 2024

In order to study the buoyancy-driven rising bubbles in liquids in various types of problems such as oil pipeline transportation, combustible ice mining, ship drag reduction, and the use of bubbles to deliver drugs in blood, this paper establishes a model for the rising bubbles in liquids based on the Volume of Fluid Function (VOF) method, and investigates the change rule of the larger-size bubbles under the influence of viscosity in different viscous silicone oils. It provides theoretical and technical support for various natural and industrial processes such as deep-sea oil extraction and metal smelting.
Flow prediction analysis of shutdown and restart for off-station pipeline based on flow assurance and energy-saving
Authors: Wang Han , Feng Yu , Tong Lining , Cui Zhaoxue , Yin Ran , Huo Fuyong
Published: October 2024

Due to unforeseen operation errors or natural disasters, off-station pipelines may undergo emergency shutdown operations, necessitating a focus on flow assurance during the shutdown and restart process. Moreover, energy saving and emission reduction have become the focal points in the transformation of oilfield enterprises. This paper formulates a method for predicting the flow status during shutdown and restart of off-station pipelines based on the liquid conservation law, and the characteristic equations are solved by the characteristic line method. A comparative analysis is conducted on the operation rules of shutdown and restart for oil-water mixing transportation and dewatering processes under different water cuts. A typical off-station pipeline in a transfer station is selected as the case study object. The results indicate that due to the lower station heating required for the oil-water mixing transportation process, this process saves 44.3% of costs compared to the dewatering process. As the water cut increases, operation costs decrease and then increase, with the total cost of the 50% water cut scheme being the most economical. This study provides a reference for the safe operation and energy-saving management of off-station pipelines in the future.
Research on the response of underwater explosion liquid tank structure based on RKPM method
Authors: Zhao Dewei , Zhao Chuanqi , Chen Xin
Published: October 2024

This work establishes a three-dimensional fluid-structure coupling calculation model for the response of SPH-RKPM underwater explosion structures and verifies its effectiveness. Using the established numerical model, the dynamic response of the water-containing liquid tank structure under underwater explosion shock wave load was modeled and calculated, and the response characteristics of the water-containing liquid tank under different detonation distances were discussed. The response law of the water-containing liquid tank structure under shock wave load is summarized.
Numerical simulation of granular heat transfer within lifter rotating drum using smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH)
Authors: Ding Liangrui , Tong Zhenbo
Published: October 2024

The rotating drums are typical industrial thermal processing equipment, which is widely used to heat or cool material particles in the circle fluid bed (CFB) systems. The traditional cylindrical rotating drum cannot significantly promote the heat transfer process of granules in operation, largely limiting further application. In this research, using smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH), two different types of lifters are employed to investigate the effects of shape, size, and number of lifters on the coefficient of heat transfer within the rotating drums by combining the flow and mixing characteristics of particles, the stress distribution, the transient velocity and temperature distribution, and the trend of the Peclet number.
Optimal operation of multi-energy microgrids with shared energy storage clusters by master-slave games
Authors: Ji Xiu , Bai Yang , Zhang Haifeng , Han Huanhuan , Zhang Jiajun
Published: October 2024

As shared energy storage power plants have become a research hotspot, the cooperation between them and microgrids has attracted attention. In this paper, we propose a master-slave game optimization operation strategy for multi-energy microgrids, taking into account shared energy storage (ESS) clusters. Firstly, the inclusion of ESS clusters is considered in a combined heat and power (CHP) type multi-energy microgrid. Then, the optimal operation model is established and solved in two layers. The master-slave game model in the context of ESS clusters is proposed by analyzing the game relationship between the microgrid side and the user side, the arithmetic simulation with MATLAB, and the modeling and solving are carried out by the Yalmip tool and the CPLEX solver, and the combination of heuristic algorithms and the solver is used to optimize the strategies of the microgrid side and the user side. The optimization of the system after the optimization of this paper’s methodology can enhance the system economy.
Research on damage identification of wind power tower structure based on deformation and vibration dual parameter analysis
Authors: Ye Hairui , Zhao Yijuan
Published: October 2024

During the operation of the wind turbine, the force on the wind turbine tower is mainly caused by the vibration source at the top. As a high-rise structure with a large span, traditional vibration mechanics is used to analyze the overall force on the tower body, but the analysis of vibration modes or modes is slightly insufficient. This article adopts the analysis method of elastic wave dynamics to identify damage to the structure of wind power towers based on deformation and vibration dual parameter analysis. This article analyzes the propagation characteristics of elastic waves in tower structures, concrete bases, and foundation parts when damaged. This article develops a remote online monitoring and early warning platform for wind power tower bodies based on the attenuation properties of elastic waves. This article monitors the vibration and inclination of the tower drums of 5 wind turbines (# 13, # 31, # 34, # 49, and # 52). The tower drums have not undergone irreversible tilting or torsional deformation. However, through vibration analysis, it is suggested to check whether there is crushing between the tower drums and the concrete base, as well as whether there are local cracks on the surface of the concrete base. There may be local damage to the foundation ring of tower #31. It is recommended to check for local cracks in the foundation ring. This ensures the safe operation of wind power towers and has certain practical application value.
Experimental study on fluid-Induced vibration caused by backward erosion piping based on acoustic emission
Authors: Guo Hengle , Ren Jie
Published: October 2024

Double-layer dike foundation is one of the most common stratum types with the highest probability of catastrophic failure in dike engineering, and the most important danger is backward erosion piping. The occurrence and development of piping need to be monitored by reliable technology. Therefore, the influence of different piping outlet forms on acoustic emission monitoring is explored by using a self-designed test device. The results show that the overall evolution process of ringing count and accumulated energy can be divided into two stages according to the time of piping. In the first and middle stages, the particle collision is caused by sand boiling at the outlet, and the measured value is small. In the later stage, piping channels appear, particle migration occurs, and the measured value is large. Moreover, the maximum impact value decreases with the increase of the piping outlet, and the cumulative energy growth rate of the three groups of tests in the early stage is the same, while the head difference required for the rapid growth stage is inversely proportional to the piping outlet.
Resistance calculation and analysis of underwater vehicle-manipulator systems
Authors: Zhu Yazhou , Wang Zhenyu , Sun Rui , Yang Kun , Qiao Yilin
Published: October 2024

This article takes the underwater vehicle-manipulator systems (UVMS) composed of an autonomous underwater vehicle and a mechanical arm as the research object. STAR CCM+ software is used to perform hydrodynamic simulation on it. Its suitable navigation postures are verified. The resistance of UVMS is calculated and velocity cloud maps are generated. A comparison was made between the resistance experienced by the UVMS system during direct navigation and simulated operations, verifying that the resistance is related to the velocity and attitude of the UVMS, and proving that this study has important reference significance for the study of the hydrodynamic performance of the UVMS.
A method for ocean front enhancement and automatic detection of SAR data
Authors: Yuan Liming , Xu Suqin , Jia Dianji , Chi Zonghao , Wang Zihao
Published: October 2024

The study on enhancing the radial resolution of SAR images and automatically detecting ocean fronts based on the gradient of backward scattering coefficient (sigma0) can significantly enhance the application potential of SAR satellite systems. In this paper, we qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the impact of radiometric resolution enhancement using data acquired by China’s Gaofen-3 SAR satellite from two different views: southwest and southeast Taiwan Island. The combination of 5*5 Enlee filtering and 10*10 multi-view processing is found to be more effective than separate filtering and multi-viewing, achieving a reduction in STD of over 20% and an increase in ENL of over 85%. Additionally, we automatically detect and characterize ocean fronts using their distinctive parameters. Moreover, the angle between the two fronts and the corresponding nearest near-surface wind field exceeds 23°. However, both align well with the temperature gradient, indicating that they are temperature fronts rather than wind field shear. These findings provide valuable insights for designing China’s SAR satellites and understanding marine environments.
UAV forest fire detection based on CNN and InceptionV3
Authors: Lu Shengbo
Published: October 2024

Forest fires have created a severe hazard in our ecological environment with abrasive climate change all over the world. What is even more concerning, the frequency of forest fires is increasing year by year. By far, a great number of methodologies, such as satellite systems, IR, and WSN, have been created to resolve this rigorous problem. However, most of these detection methods are costly and structurally complex, making them difficult to quickly learn and use, thus not effectively reducing personnel and property injuries. Our research proposed using UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) as visual detection carriers and using InceptionV3 for visual processing of aerial images. The flame dataset from IEEE Dataport, containing 63178 JPEG pictures, is used in our research. Our proposed forest fire detection methodology using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and InceptionV3 achieved a remarkable 89.90% validation accuracy. Moreover, our methodology gained an ideal precision and recall ratio.
Detecting multiclass objects in remote sensing imagery: A deep learning approach
Authors: Büyükkanber Furkan , Yanalak Mustafa , Musaoğlu Nebiye
Published: October 2024

Object detection from remote sensing imagery is crucial in fields including monitoring agriculture, efficient urban planning, environmental conservation, and disaster response. It enables informed decision-making by identifying and tracking objects such as crops, infrastructure, and environmental changes, contributing to optimized re-source management and rapid response in various domains. Multiclass object detection benefits from the transformative power of deep learning, surpassing traditional methods in accuracy and efficiency. This research investigates the effects of data augmentation techniques and diverse hyperparameters on the training process of a single-stage YOLOv5 deep learning algorithm applied to the selected DIOR remote sensing dataset for multiclass object detection practices, resulting in 0.628 mAP score among the applied experiments.
Tropospheric delay estimation and influencing factors analysis of GNSS multi-system
Authors: Zhang Jingfa , Guo Jinhai , Yin Jiao , Song Zhenkang , Mu Daocheng
Published: October 2024

In this paper, the tropospheric delay parameters are estimated by GNSS regional network solution, and the different factors affecting the estimation of tropospheric delay parameters are analyzed experimentally. The high-precision tropospheric delay correction file (.ztd) provided by IGS and the traditional model estimation of the GNSS regional network are compared to verify the final positioning accuracy. The main factors affecting the estimation of tropospheric delay parameters and the conditions conducive to the estimation of tropospheric delay parameters in the data solution process are obtained. The experimental results show that: (1) GPS has the highest tropospheric delay estimation accuracy in the European region, Galileo is slightly worse than GPS, and BDS has the lowest tropospheric delay estimation accuracy; (2) The tropospheric delay estimation accuracy of post-product in different satellite precision products is better than that of real-time products, and CLKM2 is better than CLK93 in real-time products. With the increase of satellite systems, the accuracy of tropospheric delay estimation is gradually improved. Compared with the GPS single system, the accuracy of the GPS+ Galileo+BDS triple system is improved by about 7.2%, 7.2%, and 7.5%; (3) The tropospheric delay estimation accuracy of the European region is better than that of the Australian region; (4) Based on the BDS whole system data solution, the high-precision tropospheric delay correction file (.ztd ) has better positioning accuracy, and the tropospheric delay estimated by the GNSS observation data through the traditional Saastamoninen model of the regional network can also meet the current high-precision positioning requirements in terms of positioning accuracy. The horizontal direction is better than 2 cm, and the elevation direction is better than 4 cm.
Risk assessment of continued airworthiness event of transport aircraft rudder pedal strut damage
Authors: Qiao Yu , Lu Jun
Published: October 2024

To ensure the safe operation of aircraft after delivery, a set of continued airworthiness risk assessment processes and methods for transport aircraft is studied and proposed, including unsafe condition identification, consequence severity determination, occurrence possibility assessment, risk level determination, and reaction time calculation. The continued airworthiness risk matrix is established. Based on the established process and method, the risk assessment is carried out for the continued airworthiness event of transport aircraft rudder pedal strut damage. The relationship between the risk level of the fleet aircraft and the flight duration is determined, and the reaction time of the unsafe condition of the aircraft in each flight duration is calculated. The results show that the process and method are feasible.
Analytical solution for the skip trajectory of hypersonic vehicles with time-varying aerodynamic coefficients
Authors: Yu Zhaowei , Chen Wanchun , Yu Wenbin
Published: October 2024

An analytical method is proposed for calculating the altitude and flight path angle of hypersonic vehicles’ skip trajectories under the influence of arbitrary time-varying aerodynamic coefficients. First, a longitudinal plane dynamics equation is established based on the inertial Earth model and the specific kinetic energy is introduced as independent variable to simplify the derivation. Subsequently, the solution is obtained through the perturbation method, where the zero-order analytical solution is based on existing literature, and the first-order linear time-varying system is decoupled through matrix linear transformation. Finally, by comparing numerical integration and analytical solutions with constant aerodynamic coefficients, the precision of this method in dealing with time-varying aerodynamic coefficients is verified, demonstrating its advantages over analytical solutions with constant aerodynamic coefficients.
Investigating compressed SAR technique efficiency for land deformation analysis along Hwanggang dam
Authors: Choi Sunghwa , Yang Heein
Published: October 2024

Monitoring and determining the land deformation in dam reservoirs is very crucial as it is one of the main factors of dam failure around the world. Hwanggang Dam is located at a strategic location near the inter-Korean border. North Korea frequently released water from the Hwanggang Dam, which often triggers floods and landslides in areas near the inter-Korea border in South Korea. Consistent monitoring of the Hwanggang Dam is very crucial to avoid catastrophic loss of infrastructure and life. This research paper exploits the potential of the Compressed SAR (ComSAR) technique for deformation analysis along Hwanggang Dam. A total of 171 Sentinel-1 images of Hwanggang Dam were downloaded from Alaska Satellite Facility in ascending track acquired between 2016 and 2023 to generate a time-series interferogram stack. The generated interferogram stack was exploited by using the ComSAR technique to estimate deformation along Hwanggang Dam. The resultant estimated deformation shows instability along the Hwanggang Dam embarkment.
Certification considerations and sound field simulation of civil aircraft cabin passenger address
Authors: Han Xiaoqiong
Published: October 2024

In the design of a civil aircraft cabin passenger address system, it is quite necessary and very important to sufficient consider and demonstrate the system design architecture, equipment selection and arrangement to ensure that the system sound quality complies with the requirements of CCAR25.1423(c). In the design phase, the certification considerations of the passenger address system should be researched in advance to comply with CCAR25.1423(c). The cabin sound field distribution and STI of the civil aircraft cabin passenger address system should be simulated through professional tools to predict, demonstrate and judge the sound quality before the system preliminary design review (PDR). In this paper, the certification considerations of passenger address are developed and elaborated from the system equipment arrangement, automatic gain design, and inhibit method of the Larsen effect. Based on two loudspeaker arrangement options, the cabin sound field distribution and STI of the passenger address are simulated to indicate its compliance with CCAR 25.1423(c) from the proposal design level theoretically.
Renewable Energy Development Through the Utilization of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) in Indonesia
Authors: Irawan Indra , Purnomo Eko Priyo , Prabawa Windhi gita , Hung Chin Fu
Published: October 2024

This study aims to analyze renewable energy development through the utilization of palm oil waste. Indonesia has significant potential for energy development, particularly from palm oil processing waste, including biomass and biogas energy sources. This study used the qualitative method to provide an overview of the development of scientific research with the theme of renewable energy through the utilization of palm oil waste. The data source was obtained by accessing journals in the Scopus database between 2015 and 2024, with a total of 342 articles. The data is then evaluated with VOS viewer. It was found that palm oil has great potential as renewable energy resources, alternative fuels, electric generator, and for sustainable energy. However, the challenge is related to the understanding of the technology and existing policies. Indicates limitations in the adoption of POME for renewable energy in Indonesia. This study was limited to the articles only from Scopus database. Future studies need to take a comparative analysis approach that uses the Web of Science (WoS) database.
Study of Natural Daylighting Houses in Coastal Area (Case Study: Pasar Bengkulu Village)
Authors: Azizah I , Ramawangsa PA , Prihatingingrum A
Published: October 2024

Sunlight is an important thing that humans need to see, recognize and learn certain things in their environment. Sunlight helps humans carry out daily activities indoors. The aim of this research is to examine the intensity of natural lighting in houses in the coastal area of the case study RT 3, Pasar Bengkulu Village. This research is quantitative research by obtaining data from observations and Dialux software simulations. The measurement data will be compared with the lighting standards set out in SNI No. 03-2396-2001. From the simulation results, it was found that there were several rooms that had not reached natural lighting standards, namely, there were 3 rooms in house A, 2 rooms in house B and 3 rooms in house C. Simulation of the optimal light intensity value in house A in room 1 was 508 lux, room 2 is 217 lux and room 3 is 235 lux. At house BThe average value is 220 lux in room 1, the value is 230 lux in room 2, 229 lux in room 3, 235 lux in room 4 and room 5 gets a value of 213 lux. Meanwhile, in house C there is room 1 with a value of 141 lux, room 2 with a value of 197 lux, room 3 with a value of 163 lux, room 4 with a value of 292 lux and room 5 with a value of 242 lux.
Investigate Sustainability Aspect in Spatial Configurations of Javanese Vernacular Architecture: Case Study of Joglo House
Authors: Xian G E , Novianto D , Defiana I
Published: October 2024

This research focuses on the unique spatial designs and variations found in the Joglo houses of Juwana, Pati, in Central Java, a region celebrated for its indigenous architecture. The Joglo house, a fundamental component of the Javanese cultural identity, is often inherited through generations without any formal written records, leaving its architectural details in scholarly discussions. The purpose of this study is to explore the spatial characteristics of spaces in the Joglo house that support the sustainability. The study employs the space syntax methodology to investigate the spatial interrelations among rooms in 16 Joglo houses then the 5 representative houses were picked to be analysed mathematically. By using the justified plan graph analysis, it identifies specific patterns and categorizations in the relationships between rooms, thereby uncovering the intrinsic architectural principles. The findings reveal that all the representative floor plans have a corridor as the most integrated space and there is a distinct separation between public and private spaces. This study bridges traditional knowledge and scholarly research, highlighting the intricate architecture and cultural significance of Joglo houses.
The potential of flip-flops waste as an environmentally friendly sound-absorbing material
Authors: Ingga A , Nurhaliza D , Brenda B , Aryani S M , Priliana S C P
Published: October 2024

Rubber flip-flops waste is a type of waste that is difficult to decompose, it needs to be recycled into useful items to reduce the negative impact on the environment. This research aims to test the sound absorption coefficient of waste flip-flops as a basic material for making environmentally friendly acoustic panels. The method used is simulation and modeling, making samples by mixing flip-flops rubber particles and the binding material as neoprene glue. Tests were carried out on two samples of acoustic panels with particles measuring 3 mm and 7 mm using animpedance tube. The research results show that panels with a particle size of 7mm can achieve a higher level of sound absorption in the frequency range of 200 Hz - 1600 Hz compared to particles measuring 3 mm. The conclusion is that used flip-flops have the potential to become acoustic panels that can absorb sound. This research offers an environmentally friendly solution for managing flip-flop waste and processing it as an acoustic panel product that effectively reduces disturbances.
The Potentiality of Eco-Library Design in Medan City Towards Sustainability Development
Authors: Febriyanti E , Fitri I
Published: October 2024

Sustainable development has become an important concern over the last three decades. The Eco-library design concept has gained popularity due to its environmentally friendly approach. However, the government and citizens of Medan must continue discussing this matter. The library serves as an information hub, significantly promoting sustainable development. This study investigates the benefits of the green building concept and the design strategy for the Eco-Library in Medan City through literature reviews, interviews, and questionnaires distributed to local visitors and experts. In the past, the conventional library used only an air conditioner to maintain its collection, contributing to high electricity expenses. By analysing the context of climate of Medan city, this paper demonstrates how the concept of Eco-Library can reduce negative environmental impacts through the use of sustainable materials, renewable energy sources, solar panels, rainwater harvesting, floating boxes concept, motion-sensor lighting systems, and eco-friendly air conditioners. Contemporary tropical architecture was utilized in the design of this Eco-Library, which includes an overhanging roof and a double facade-oriented east and west, with the longest side facing north and south. In addition, encouraging the use of rooftop gardens in Medan can help reduce indoor heat and air pollution.
Evaluation of Faculty of Mathematics and Science Education’s Auditorium Audial Quality at Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia in Bandung, Indonesia
Authors: Hidayat Rahma Sari , Rahayu Sri Hasniar , Sari Ana Ramdani
Published: October 2024

Auditorium is a large-capacity room that is suitable for various activities. Due to the function itself, the auditorium needs a great audial quality so it can fulfill the user needs and ensure that the noises will not interrupt the event that was held inside the auditorium. Noise is an unwanted sound that will make the receiver feel uncomfortable or even disturbed when carrying out their activities, and it is one of the important factors to consider when designing a building or facility with the aim that the users of the building or facility can use it comfortably in accordance with the purpose of its creation. The main purpose of this research is to determine that the audial quality in the Auditorium room of the Faculty of Mathematics and Science Educations at Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia in Bandung has met the standard level of comfort according to the standard from KEP-48/MENLH/11/1996. The result from this research is the auditorium has a good result of noise level and is already in line with the standard level. Research using the method of measuring the decibel of the noise source with Decibel X, then analyzed the results with Noisetools.net to get the noise level that has been received by the receiver and using IBANA-Calc software to analyze the final noise level.
Managing Digital Transformation for Nusantara New Capital City Project Construction
Authors: Yogi M R A , Berawi M A , Latief Y , Sucahyo Y G
Published: October 2024

The Indonesian government targeted a radical change in how to develop the Nusantara New Capital City development through the digital transformation vision. Thus, this article presents a construction transformation framework to achieve the long-term vision. Despite the construction activities still in the same basic roles, the efficient operation, data processing, and entity role involvement are continuously affected by technology adoption. Meanwhile, along with the change it also required some supporting infrastructure for improvement that will be as well as the new investment for authority. The role of regulatory, supervisory, and performing entities will change to achieve effective operation integration. The state-of-the-art literature review and gap identification are used through various studies related to the research objectives. The study found that it requires 3 aspects that need to be widely improved to achieve the transformation vision for construction; the data-based activities, the efficient data management, and the selected integrative approaches used for the ecosystem. A regulation-based delivery is also required to effectively maintain the transformation objective. The study contributes to the framework of digital twin for aerial construction.
Study of Roof and Ceiling Surface Temperatures in Coastal Area (Case Study: Pasar Bengkulu Village)
Authors: Ramawangsa P.A , Prihatiningrum A.
Published: October 2024

The majority of residential roofs in Pasar Bengkulu Village are constructed using corrugated iron and galvalum metal. These coastal areas often grapple with high levels of solar heat radiation. Both corrugated zinc and galvalum roofing materials are known for their high heat conductivity and excellent heat-reflecting capabilities. To combat this, solar reflectance paint is often used to reflect solar radiation heat, thereby reducing heat absorption. This research is a qualitative research with a focus on the description and analysis of measured data which aims to compare the surface temperature of the roof and ceiling before and after being coated with reflective solar paint. This research was conducted to determine the difference in roof and ceiling surface temperatures before and after the application of solar reflective paint. The results of the roof surface temperature measurements revealed that galvalum metal roofs exhibited the most significant reduction in roof surface temperature, with a decrease of 9.1°C.
Spatial analysis on influence of elevation to coronavirus disease-19 infection fatality ratio in Bandung Regency and Bandung City
Authors: Nandi  , Ismail J R , Ismail A
Published: October 2024

Bandung Metropolitan Area located on elevation span between 666 masl (Sub-district of Gedebage) to 2608 masl (Kendang Mountain, Sub-district of Kertasari). Bandung Metropolitan Area consist of Bandung City, Cimahi City, Bandung Regency, West Bandung Regency, and Sumedang Regency. Within Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID 19) pandemic, Bandung City and Bandung Regency are among the top on COVID 19 cases statistic. Despite of that, Infection Fatality Ratio between region units has significant differences. Aims of this research was to analyze correlation between elevation factor and the latest COVID 19 Infection Fatality Ratio in case-study area. Methods applied on this research was non-experimental quantitative research by comparative analysis type based on COVID 19 cases statistic. Therefore, Techniques used was spatial analysis based on case-study area mapping. Result of this research shows that there was correlation between elevation toward Infection Fatality Ratio, in which Bandung City with average elevation 723 masl records 0,08% on fatality ratio, while Bandung Regency with average elevation 891 masl records 0,01% on fatality ratio. On district level, both Sub-district with highest elevation in Bandung City and Bandung Regency, which were Sub-district of Sukasari (850 masl) and Sub-district of Rancabali (1600 masl) records 0% on Infection Fatality Ratio.
Renewable Energy and the Future of a Sustainable Economy in Indonesia
Authors: Purnomo Eko Priyo , Khairunisa Tiara , Hung Chin Fu
Published: October 2024

This study aims to analyze the prominence of renewable energy in Indonesia thoroughly. The worldwide need for energy is a persistent issue due to its finite nature. Additionally, there is a growing emphasis on promoting sustainability and improving accessibility to energy resources. This study examined Indonesia’s feasibility, challenges, and regulations encouraging renewable energy use. This research method is exploratory qualitative, while data collection is through observations, analysis of government reports, and literature reviews: data analysis techniques, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results show that renewable energy may enhance the sustainability of the Indonesian economy. However, its use must be cautious, considering the environmental effects and resolving any associated problems. Indonesia may profit significantly economically and socially from an energy transition if the appropriate regulations are followed, government-private solid sector cooperation is encouraged, and public education is carried out.
Sustainable Urban Development: Evaluating Green Open Space Availability Using Remote Sensing in Tangerang City
Authors: Astari A J , Harli W K T , Somantri L
Published: October 2024

Sustainable urban expansion results in the conversion of natural green areas into developed zones, posing challenges in preserving green spaces that fall short of the mandated minimum of 30% green space availability. This study aims to assess changes in land use and evaluate the status and demand for green spaces in Tangerang City. The methodology employs supervised classification to identify land cover types. The findings reveal notable shifts in land cover types, particularly a significant increase in developed land from 25.96 km2 in 2018 to 126.31 km2 in 2023. This transformation has resulted in a reduction in green open spaces, declining from 68.89 km2 (39%) in 2018 to 40.96 km2 (23%) in 2023, falling below the legal requirement of 30% green space availability. The green open spaces development is then needed since it plays a vital role in sustainable urban development as it provides green areas for its inhabitants, a crucial element in sustainable urban planning.
Empowering energy conservation: A prototype of household energy consumption monitoring based on Internet of Things
Authors: Surahman U , Trisno B , Budiman R A , Pratama S , Riswana R , Septiani T , Haolani I M
Published: October 2024

One of the obstacles to control household energy consumption is unavailability electricity instruments/tools to monitor electricity energy consumed by appliances causing a lack of awareness of household energy saving. Energy meter installed on buildings only show electricity consumption in total. This study aims to design and create a prototype system that can monitor and control the electrical appliances usage utilizing the Internet of Things (IoT)-based electronic devices where electricity usage data is stored in Firebase real-time database. The methods carried out are arranged in several stages, starting from data collection, design, configuration, and implementation. The tools used in this research will utilize the ESP8266 as the microcontroller, the PZEM-004T as current sensor and the Blynk as the web server. The tool will send current voltage (Volt (V)) and capacity (Watt (W)) data and then converted to energy and also the costs incurred from electricity usage based on the basic electricity tariff of National Electricity Company (PLN) and the results can be seen directly through IoT (i.e. smartphone, PC, laptop). The accuracy of power measurement by the system is 97.4% compared to measurement used by watt-checker. The results of this study show that an electrical power monitoring system makes people easier to monitor electrical power consumption by appliances used. The pilot measurement shows that a unit system can monitor electricity usage for four units of electronic equipment i.e. water pump, Television, fridge, electrical iron, rice cooker, etc. precisely and succeeded to control and increase energy saving awareness to reduce electricity consumption at the end.
Long time behavior of a rumor model with Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process
Authors: Wang Xiaohuan , Wang Xinyao , Yang Wanli
Published: October 2024

In order to study the propagation of rumors under the influence of media, this paper analyzes a random rumor propagation system with Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. By constructing the Lyapunov function, we get that the established model has a stationary distribution, which means that rumors will persist under the side effects of the media. In addition, we solve the corresponding matrix and get the exact expression of the probability density near the positive equilibrium. At the end of this paper, numerical simulations verify our results.
Protecting Informers’ Lives
Authors: Newbery Samantha
Published: October 2024

This chapter begins by establishing the severity of the risks faced by terrorist informers before examining the path that intelligence takes from its receipt by handlers to being actioned. The care that the security and intelligence agencies working in Northern Ireland took to manage the oft-times competing need to exploit intelligence to save lives and to protect the lives of informers is laid bare in this chapter. Coordination between security and intelligence agencies regarding the use of intelligence can be observed in the SAS ambush of an IRA unit during an attack on the rural police station in Loughgall. The second of this chapter’s two parts examines the protection of terrorist informers after they cease providing intelligence, using the examples of Martin McGartland, Kevin Fulton, Joe Fenton, and William Stobie. This chapter articulates the complexities of decision-making concerning the use, exploitation, and management of intelligence, and the way the commitment to protecting the lives of present and past informers permeates this decision-making.
Allegations of ‘Collusion’
Authors: Newbery Samantha
Published: October 2024

Chapter 8 addresses the highly divisive allegations of ‘collusion’ stemming from ‘the troubles’. The application of the term ‘collusion’ to informers’ activities and how they were handled was pivotal in the establishment of many of the investigations examined in this book. The first of the two challenges posed by the term is the lack of an agreed definition. When used in connection with ‘the troubles’, it is an emotive term that is often used pejoratively and subjectively. The second challenge is that it is difficult to prove ‘collusion’ has taken place, in part because of the lack of consensus on a definition. It is also easy to allege it has taken place, and is particularly difficult to disprove. Specific allegations considered in this chapter include those connected with terrorist informers and the ‘Miami Showband massacre’, and individuals being members of the police or army whilst also belonging to a violent non-state group.
Introduction
Authors: Sibson Ayob Gloria
Published: October 2024

Philosophical discussions about the concept of emotional disorder tend to be informed primarily by the broader debate about the concept of mental disorder (or that of disorder more generally). Little if any serious consideration is given to the separate philosophical debate about the nature of emotions. The puzzle about how we ought to delineate the boundary of emotional disorder is illustratively introduced by reference to a debate over exactly this question between evolutionary theorists Allan Horwitz and Jerome Wakefield, on the one hand, and on the other, psychiatrist Kenneth Kendler. The key assumptions made by both parties to the debate are identified, and this provides a launchpad into the inquiry that will follow.
Introduction
Authors: Hoffman A Robin
Published: October 2024

“Introduction: The Alphabet and Literacies” situates the volume’s case studies within intersecting histories of education, illustration, printing technologies, and childhood in nineteenth-century Great Britain. With their formal emphasis on the redundancy of text and image as well the visual character of text, alphabet books represent, reproduce, or interrogate ideas about literacy and its multiple forms. The genre developed within a larger context of reading pedagogy and children’s book publishing. Image-oriented texts gradually became associated with the uneducated despite technological innovations that would increasingly supply adults with refined illustration and even printed graphic art. As nationalized education slowly gained traction in Britain and textual literacy rates rose over the course of the Victorian era, influential writers and artists recognized alphabet books as a potent site for promoting constructions of literacy that emphasized the visual or aesthetic over the functional.