bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wer kanndenn schon jasagen?
Authors: Viesel Yvonne , Freitag Constantin
Published: September 2019

The article explores German discourse particles (DiPs) in rhetorical wh-questions (wh-RQs). Whileschon(roughly ‘unexpectedly’) only marks rhetorical wh-questions,denn(roughly ‘I wonder’) marks contextually arising information-seeking or rhetorical Questions under Discussion (QuDs), with or withoutschon. Sinceja(roughly ‘unquestionably’) marks shared information, it is incompatible with questions by itself, but occasionally occurs in wh-RQs left of DiPs likeschoninstead ofdenn. The results of two acceptability judgment experiments confirm thatjais strongly dispreferred in RQs, the presence ofschonimproves RQs with and withoutja, anddennhas no effect on acceptability. A follow-up study further indicated the rhetorical reading of our target questions to prevail independently from DiPs. We conclude thatjain RQs operates on the information contributed by elements likeschon, denoting roughly that the issue in question arises ‘unquestionably against expectations’. Our contexts were neutral regarding the discourse functions ofjaanddenn(side remarks vs. QuDs), unlike the contexts of the findings, from which we deduce that the markedja schon-RQs, while grammatical, require specific felicity conditions. A first attempt to confirm this experimentally was globally unsuccessful and could only reveal potential hints in an exploratory analysis.
Avalanche Dynamics in Piles of Two Types of Sand
Authors: Elgazzar A. S. , Ahmed E.
Published: September 2019

The avalanche statistics of some piles of two types of sand are studied theoretically. Both symmetrical and asymmetrical piles do not preserve the behaviour of self-organized critically. We suggest a distribution (we call it Fisher distribution) interpolating between fractal and Levy-Weibull distributions which describes these dynamics.
La industria del juguete en Facebook. El engagement con los usuarios durante la campaña de Navidad 2014-15
Authors: Díaz-Campo Jesús , Fernández-Gómez Erika
Published: September 2019

Esta investigación presenta un análisis de contenido realizado sobre los mensajes que publicaron las marcas más importantes de la industria del juguete en España de acuerdo al Programa Estrella de la Asociación Española de Fabricantes de Juguetes (AEFJ) en la red social Facebook durante la campaña de Navidad 2014-2015. En concreto, se analizaron los mensajes publicados por Famosa, Playmobil, Comansi, Hasbro, Barbie y Fisher-Price. El principal objetivo de la investigación ha sido analizar la interacción entre las marcas y sus seguidores. Se tiene en cuenta la finalidad de las publicaciones y el empleo de recursos multimedia (vídeos, fotografías, etiquetas, emoticonos o enlaces a páginas web). En total se recogieron 991 mensajes. Los resultados desglosan las características que presentan los diez mensajes más populares (con más likes), los diez que registran más participación (es decir, lo que recibieron un mayor número de comentarios) y los diez más virales (los que se compartieron más veces). La estrategia empleada por este sector se basa en transmitir mensajes de carácter informativo o saludar a la audiencia a través de mensajes que son acompañados de una fotografía. Estos mensajes se corresponden con los que más gustan y se comparten. Por el contrario, los contenidos que más se comentan son aquellos que buscan la interacción con los usuarios a través de mecanismos como los concursos.
El discurso referido en los artículos de opinión. Análisis del diálogo en las columnas de Alfonso Sánchez
Authors: Villa García María Ángeles , Arroyas Langa Enrique
Published: September 2019

La polifonía es un rasgo característico del discurso periodístico. A través de la representación de distintas voces se da entrada a la diversidad interpretativa del contexto social. Este trabajo pretende reflexionar sobre el diálogo como recurso retórico en el artículo de opinión. Nuestra hipótesis es que el discurso referido es una técnica que produce efectos retóricos que, en el caso de las columnas, contribuyen a reforzar su poder persuasivo. El objetivo es definir y describir la utilización del discurso referido en las columnas y analizar sus efectos estéticos y cognitivos. Para ello se analizan los componentes dialógicos de diez columnas escritas en el diario Informaciones (1954 -1980), por el periodista Alfonso Sánchez, pues según nuestra hipótesis este autor recoge la tradición del artículo de costumbres en un momento de renovación del género de opinión en España. El análisis retórico y narratológico que llevamos a cabo muestra que la columna de Sánchez interpreta la realidad a través de una polifonía de voces, dirigidas por un yo narrador que actúa como testigo. Mediante la apertura a las voces de los personajes, el discurso referido aumenta el dinamismo de los hechos narrados, aporta verosimilitud y, limitando la presencia del narrador, abre el discurso a una pluralidad de enfoques.
Estudio sobre expectativas laborales de estudiantes de la carrera de educación inicial en la Universidad Metropolitana de Caracas-Venezuela
Authors: Castañón Octavio Natalia , Ocanto Gómez Laura Ocanto Gómez , Tirado Aldana Valerie
Published: September 2019

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo principal determinar las expectativas laborales de los estudiantes de la carrera de Educación Inicial en la Universidad Metropolitana (Caracas-Venezuela) para contribuir al proceso de mejoramiento continuo de la calidad académica. Para ello se diseñó una investigación no experimental de tipo descriptivo conformada por dos variables: características de los estudiantes de educación superior y expectativas laborales. Tras la aplicación de una encuesta mixta (preguntas abiertas y cerradas) se analizaron los datos de manera cuantitativa y cualitativa. Los resultados más resaltantes señalaron el deseo de los sujetos de convertirse en agentes de cambio y desempeñar su rol docente (90,24%) a pesar de considerar que la carrera no es valorada por la sociedad venezolana, la mayoría de la muestra indicó que han desarrollado habilidades de sensibilidad social, fomentada directamente desde la Universidad Metropolitana y se mostró que el 47,62% como expectativa laboral principal a la Gerencia Educativa, lo cual pareciera indicar las altas expectativas laborales pues existe la proyección en el escalafón más alto de la jerarquía educativa. Se concluyó que estudiar las expectativas laborales de los estudiantes de educación superior contribuye al mejoramiento de los pensum de estudio lo cual se traduce en un mejor servicio y aumento de la calidad académica, en el marco que conocer la realidad del sector social-laboral en conjunto con los intereses, necesidades y expectativas de los sujetos, favorece la inserción en el mercado laboral.
La gestión de los medios sociales en la Administración local: análisis de los municipios rurales españoles
Authors: López Alonso Esmeralda , Moreno López Begoña
Published: September 2019

Un entorno comunicativo cada vez más global y tecnológico, con la aparición de nuevos medios y soportes, y un comportamiento mucho más dinámico de los ciudadanos, ha obligado a las administraciones locales a tener una presencia activa en los denominados medios sociales. Fruto de la revisión teórica hemos detectado que la gestión de éstos sí se ha analizado en los ayuntamientos de las capitales de provincia y ciudades de más de 50.000 habitantes, pero no en el caso de los municipios más pequeños. Dada la importancia del entorno rural en España, se hace necesario investigaciones de este calado. Este trabajo tiene por objetivo realizar una prospectiva de cómo es la gestión de los medios sociales en los ayuntamientos de los municipios rurales españoles. La metodología seleccionada ha sido la encuesta auto-administrada por Internet dirigida a alcaldes y a sus gabinetes de comunicación. Los resultados obtenidos vislumbran que los municipios rurales están haciendo un gran esfuerzo por sumarse a la comunicación 2.0 y, más concretamente, en adaptarse a estos medios sociales. Aunque cada vez son más los ayuntamientos que toman en cuenta la comunicación y la entienden como una conversación con los ciudadanos y no como mera información unilateral, queda mucho camino aún por recorrer.
Depletion of Caveolin-1 in Type 2 Diabetes Model Induces Alzheimer's Disease Pathology Precursors
Authors: Bonds Jacqueline A. , Shetti Aashutosh , Bheri Abdullah , Chen Zhenlong , Disouky Ahmed , Tai Leon , Mao Mao , Head Brian P. , Bonini Marcelo G. , Haus Jacob M. , Minshall Richard D. , Lazarov Orly
Published: September 2019

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for the development of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the mechanism underlying the development of late-onset AD is largely unknown. Here we show that levels of the endothelial-enriched protein caveolin-1 (Cav-1) are reduced in the brains of T2DM patients compared with healthy aging, and inversely correlated with levels of β-amyloid (Aβ). Depletion of Cav-1 is recapitulated in the brains ofdb/db(Leprdb) diabetic mice and corresponds with recognition memory deficits as well as the upregulation of amyloid precursor protein (APP), BACE-1, a trending increase in β-amyloid Aβ42/40ratio and hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau) species. Importantly, we show that restoration of Cav-1 levels in the brains of maledb/dbmice using adenovirus overexpressing Cav-1 (AAV-Cav-1) rescues learning and memory deficits and reduces pathology (i.e., APP, BACE-1 and p-tau levels). Knocking down Cav-1 using shRNA in HEK cells expressing the familial AD-linked APPswe mutant variant upregulates APP, APP carboxyl terminal fragments, and Aβ levels. In turn, rescue of Cav-1 levels restores APP metabolism. Together, these results suggest that Cav-1 regulates APP metabolism, and that depletion of Cav-1 in T2DM promotes the amyloidogenic processing of APP and hyperphosphorylation of tau. This may suggest that depletion of Cav-1 in T2DM underlies, at least in part, the development of AD and imply that restoration of Cav-1 may be a therapeutic target for diabetic-associated sporadic AD.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMore than 95% of the Alzheimer's patients have the sporadic late-onset form (LOAD). The cause for late-onset Alzheimer's disease is unknown. Patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus have considerably higher incidence of cognitive decline and AD compared with the general population, suggesting a common mechanism. Here we show that the expression of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is reduced in the brain in Type 2 diabetes mellitus. In turn, reduced Cav-1 levels induce AD-associated neuropathology and learning and memory deficits. Restoration of Cav-1 levels rescues these deficits. This study unravels signals underlying LOAD and suggests that restoration of Cav-1 may be an effective therapeutic target.
A Whole Brain EEG Analysis of Musicianship
Authors: Ribeiro Estela , Thomaz Carlos Eduardo
Published: September 2019

The neural activation patterns provoked in response to music listening can reveal whether a subject did or did not receive music training. In the current exploratory study, we have approached this two-group (musicians and nonmusicians) classification problem through a computational framework composed of the following steps: Acoustic features extraction; Acoustic features selection; Trigger selection; EEG signal processing; and Multivariate statistical analysis. We are particularly interested in analyzing the brain data on a global level, considering its activity registered in electroencephalogram (EEG) signals on a given time instant. Our experiment's results—with 26 volunteers (13 musicians and 13 nonmusicians) who listened the classical music Hungarian Dance No. 5 from Johannes Brahms—have shown that is possible to linearly differentiate musicians and nonmusicians with classification accuracies that range from 69.2% (test set) to 93.8% (training set), despite the limited sample sizes available. Additionally, given the whole brain vector navigation method described and implemented here, our results suggest that it is possible to highlight the most expressive and discriminant changes in the participants brain activity patterns depending on the acoustic feature extracted from the audio.
Vowel Content Influences Relative Pitch Perception in Vocal Melodies
Authors: Russo Frank A. , Vuvan Dominique T. , Thompson William Forde
Published: September 2019

Note-to-note changes in brightness are able to influence the perception of interval size. Changes that are congruent with pitch tend to expand interval size, whereas changes that are incongruent tend to contract. In the case of singing, brightness of notes can vary as a function of vowel content. In the present study, we investigated whether note-to-note changes in brightness arising from vowel content influence perception of relative pitch. In Experiment 1, three-note sequences were synthesized so that they varied with regard to the brightness of vowels from note to note. As expected, brightness influenced judgments of interval size. Changes in brightness that were congruent with changes in pitch led to an expansion of perceived interval size. A follow-up experiment confirmed that the results of Experiment 1 were not due to pitch distortions. In Experiment 2, the final note of three-note sequences was removed, and participants were asked to make speeded judgments of the pitch contour. An analysis of response times revealed that brightness of vowels influenced contour judgments. Changes in brightness that were congruent with changes in pitch led to faster response times than did incongruent changes. These findings show that the brightness of vowels yields an extra-pitch influence on the perception of relative pitch in song.
Acoustically Expressing Affect
Authors: Battcock Aimee , Schutz Michael
Published: September 2019

Composers convey emotion through music by co-varying structural cues. Although the complex interplay provides a rich listening experience, this creates challenges for understanding the contributions of individual cues. Here we investigate how three specific cues (attack rate, mode, and pitch height) work together to convey emotion in Bach's Well Tempered-Clavier (WTC). In three experiments, we explore responses to (1) eight-measure excerpts and (2) musically “resolved” excerpts, and (3) investigate the role of different standard dimensional scales of emotion. In each experiment, thirty nonmusician participants rated perceived emotion along scales of valence and intensity (Experiments 1 & 2) or valence and arousal (Experiment 3) for 48 pieces in the WTC. Responses indicate listeners used attack rate, Mode, and pitch height to make judgements of valence, but only attack rate for intensity/arousal. Commonality analyses revealed mode predicted the most variance for valence ratings, followed by attack rate, with pitch height contributing minimally. In Experiment 2 mode increased in predictive power compared to Experiment 1. For Experiment 3, using “arousal” instead of “intensity” showed similar results to Experiment 1. We discuss how these results complement and extend previous findings of studies with tightly controlled stimuli, providing additional perspective on complex issues of interpersonal communication.
Maternal TSH levels at first trimester and subsequent spontaneous miscarriage: a nested case–control study
Authors: Li Jiashu , Liu Aihua , Liu Haixia , Li Chenyan , Wang Weiwei , Han Cheng , Wang Xinyi , Zhang Yuanyuan , Teng Weiping , Shan Zhongyan
Published: September 2019

Thyroid dysfunction is a frequently found endocrine disorder among reproductively aged women. Subclinical hypothyroidism is the most common condition of thyroid disorders during pregnancy and is defined as manifesting a thyroid-stimulating hormone concentration exceeding the trimester-specific reference value, with a normal free thyroxine concentration. Here, we evaluated the prospective association between spontaneous miscarriage and first-trimester thyroid function. We conducted a case–control study (421 cases and 1684 controls) that was nested. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid-peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) and thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) status were measured. We found that higher TSH was related to spontaneous miscarriage (OR 1.21; 95% CI, 1.13–1.30, P < 0.001). Compared with women with TSH levels of 0.4–<2.5 mIU/L, the risk of miscarriage was increased in women with TSH levels of 2.5–<4.87 mIU/L (OR 1.47; 95% CI, 1.16–1.87) and TSH greater than 4.87 mIU/L (OR 1.97; 95% CI, 1.22–3.18). After controlling for the confounding factor, TPOAb positivity status and FT4, the results were similar. The present study showed that higher TSH was associated with miscarriage in early pregnancy. In fact, TSH levels between 2.5 and 4.87 mIU/L increased the risk for miscarriage, with TSH greater than 4.87 mIU/L increasing the risk even further.
Glucagon modulates proliferation and differentiation of human adipose precursors
Authors: Cantini Giulia , Trabucco Martina , Di Franco Alessandra , Mannucci Edoardo , Luconi Michaela
Published: September 2019

Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), which are currently used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, have recently been proposed as anti-obesity drugs, due to their relevant effects on weight loss. Furthermore, dual agonists for both GLP-1R and glucagon receptor (GCGR) are under investigation for their promising action on adiposity, although underlying mechanisms still need to be clarified. We have recently demonstrated that GLP-1 and liraglutide interfere with the proliferation and differentiation of human adipose precursors, supporting the hypothesis of a peripheral action of GLP-1RA on weight. Here, we investigated glucagon activity in an in vitro model of primary human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). Glucagon significantly inhibited ASC proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner, as evaluated by cell count and thymidine incorporation. When added during in vitro-induced adipogenesis, glucagon significantly reduced adipocyte differentiation, as demonstrated by the evaluation of intracellular fat content and quantitative expression of early and mature adipocyte markers (PPARγ and FABP4, HSL). Notably, the inhibitory effect of glucagon on cell proliferation and adipogenesis was reversed by specific GLP-1R (exendin-9) and GCGR (des-His1-Glu9-glucagon(1–29)) antagonists. The presence of both receptors was demonstrated by Western blot, immunofluorescence and cytofluorimetric analysis of ASCs. In conclusion, we demonstrated a direct inhibitory action of glucagon on the proliferation and differentiation of human adipose precursors, which seems to involve both GLP-1R and GCGR. These findings suggest that the adipose stem compartment is a novel target of glucagon, possibly contributing to the weight loss obtained in vivo with dual GLP-1R/glucagon agonists.
A inmigración irregular en España e Europa: situación e perspectivas
Authors: Inglada Galiana Elena , Sastre Centeno José Manuel , De Miguel Bilbao Maria Cristina
Published: September 2019

A migración é unha particularidade necesaria desde o principio da historia e existe un consenso universal en recoñecer que contribuíu frecuentemente ao progreso das sociedades. Na sociedade española, a inmigración é un dos fenómenos en curso que máis determinou a configuración pasada e futura do país. Este feito tamén aconteceu no ámbito europeo, onde a chegada de estranxeiros foi un fenómeno paulatino e reiterativo en practicamente todos os países. Malia isto, dentro da inmigración, a irregular está asociada a contextos de explotación e vulnerabilidade, onde a invisibilidade destas persoas fronte ao país receptor é un dos maiores atrancos para saír desa situación. A preocupación por este tipo de inmigración é recente, vinculada aos controis fronteirizos e ás políticas migratorias de cada país. A incidencia e a súa extensión en distintos sectores, como o social ou o económico, son múltiples e heteroxéneos. E este é o obxecto de estudo do traballo que se presenta.
An Ultra High-DensityArabidopsis thalianaCrossover Map That Refines the Influences of Structural Variation and Epigenetic Features
Authors: Rowan Beth A , Heavens Darren , Feuerborn Tatiana R , Tock Andrew J , Henderson Ian R , Weigel Detlef
Published: September 2019

Rowan et al. generated a dataset of over 17,000 meiotic crossovers (COs) from over 2000 F2 individuals from a single Arabidopsis thaliana cross. The unprecedented density of COs and the high-quality reference genomes of the two...

Many environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors are known to affect the frequency and positioning of meiotic crossovers (COs). Suppression of COs by large, cytologically visible inversions and translocations has long been recognized, but relatively little is known about how smaller structural variants (SVs) affect COs. To examine fine-scale determinants of the CO landscape, including SVs, we used a rapid, cost-effective method for high-throughput sequencing to generate a precise map of >17,000 COs between the Col-0 and Ler-0 accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana. COs were generally suppressed in regions with SVs, but this effect did not depend on the size of the variant region, and was only marginally affected by the variant type. CO suppression did not extend far beyond the SV borders and CO rates were slightly elevated in the flanking regions. Disease resistance gene clusters, which often exist as SVs, exhibited high CO rates at some loci, but there was a tendency toward depressed CO rates at loci where large structural differences exist between the two parents. Our high-density map also revealed in fine detail how CO positioning relates to genetic (DNA motifs) and epigenetic (chromatin structure) features of the genome. We conclude that suppression of COs occurs over a narrow region spanning large- and small-scale SVs, representing an influence on the CO landscape in addition to sequence and epigenetic variation along chromosomes.
Welfare Chauvinism
Authors: Svirbutaitė-Krutkienė Giedrė , Guogis Arvydas
Published: September 2019

The authors in the article reveal the positioning of extreme right political parties in the Western world and Central and Eastern Europe by following such ideological basis as nationalism and welfare chauvinism, practically rejecting immigrants and their willingness to use the benefits and services of the mentioned welfare systems in the presented Western as well as Central and Eastern European countries. The authors maintain their position, applying the secondary data from European Social Survey, International Monetary Fund and OECD data as well as interpretations of the authors from different foreign countries. In the end of the article the authors pose the one of the most interesting scientific and practical questions – why the place of the electorate of the „socially excluded“ and having low income voters is moving from the left political parties to the side of the extreme right political parties? The further research is necessary in the following direction. This article is the first article of the theme on social chauvinism in Lithuania.
LANGUAGE ENVIRONMENT BASED ON MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES AT ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL
Authors: Ridlo Ubaid
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this study was to find and analyze informal language environment based on multiple intelligences theory, and to find the achievements of Darul Muttaqien Islamic Boarding School Bogor in learning Arabic, both academic and non-academic achievements.This research was field research conducted at Tarbiyatul Mu'allimin wal Mu’allimât al-Islâmiyyah (TMI) class II and class V which is equivalent to the level of Madrasah Tsanawiyah class II and Madrasah Aliyah class II Darul Muttaqien Islamic Boarding School Bogor since July 2017 up to August 2018. This research was qualitative, using case study methods with steps: a) Analysis of findings continuously in the field, b) Grouping and organizing data, c) Making systematic notes and reading literature about other studies about relevant issues to obtain a framework that fits the findings in the field, and d) Evaluate each of the steps taken to avoid mistakes or sharpen the focus of the ongoing research. Data collection methods were in-depth interviews, participant observation, focus group discussions, and documentation. There were two types of data in this study: First, primary data was obtained from interviews, observation results, Focus Group Discussion results, and Lessson Plan/RPP/I'dâd Tadrîs, informal language environments, and learning evaluation. Second, secondary data is obtained from books, research journals, magazines, print and electronic media. This study proved that learning Arabic with Howard Gardner’s Multiple intelligences theory approach has a positive effect and very effective in improving students' language skills. Islamic boarding school with integrated, integrative and comprehensive education system has applied this theory in the process of learning Arabic, both in class and in the Islamic boarding school environment with the support of kyai, teachers, and representative facilities.
THE MAPPING OF ARABIC LANGUAGE LEARNING IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOLS AND VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS IN MALANG REGENCY
Authors: Ahsanuddin Mohammad , Ainin Moh. , Asrori Imam
Published: September 2019

This study aims to map the learning of Arabic in Senior High Schools and Vocational Schools in Malang Regency covering the aspects of 1) teacher qualification, 2) curriculum and development, 3) teaching materials, 4) teaching strategies, 5) instructional media, and 6) evaluation implementation. The research was conducted with a descriptive model. Of the population 183 Senior High School and Vocational Schools, 12 schools were taken using a cluster sampling. The data were collected using questionnaires filled by Arabic teachers in all sample schools. The data analysis was performed according to the steps a) identification of data, b) tabulation of data, c) data grouping, d) data quantification, and e) description of data. This study found (1) all Arabic teachers in Senior High Schools and Vocational Schools in Malang Regency have a standard qualification of Arabic teacher in school, (2) Senior High Schools and Vocational Schools in Malang Regency using the Ministry of Education and Culture KTSP curriculum which was elaborated by teachers into syllabus form and Lesson plans, (3) teaching materials used were in the form of textbooks and student worksheets with various titles and publishers, (4) reading and vocabulary learning was carried out with translation techniques; speaking skills were trained by giving students time to practice dialogue, and writing skills were trained through sentence exercises, copying texts, combining two sentences, and completing paragraphs; (5) teachers utilized instructional media, drawings, original objects, hearing, charts/scheme, or language lab; and (6) the majority of teachers evaluated the lessons at the end of each unit.
Las huellas de Heidegger en La condición humana. Una disputa soterrada en torno de la praxis aristotélica
Authors: Di Pego Anabella
Published: September 2019

El artículo muestra que La condición humana de Hannah Arendt puede leerse como una disputa soterrada con Martin Heidegger en torno de la praxis aristotélica. Por una parte, se reconstruyen las huellas de la lectura heideggeriana de Aristóteles en la obra de Arendt, para esclarecer esta presencia invisibilizada en la que se cifra uno de los puntos nodales de discusión con quien fuera su maestro. Por otra, se analiza la reconceptualización de la praxis que Arendt lleva a cabo, lo que supone una crítica a la interpretación de Heidegger y el despliegue de un marco conceptual propio que va más allá de la perspectiva aristotélica.
Consecuencias alternativas y asimetría de resultados en la implementación de políticas socioeconómicas
Authors: Ivarola Leonardo
Published: September 2019

El conocimiento utilizado para armar e implementar políticas socioeconómicas refiere por lo general a aseveraciones causales que pueden ser conceptuadas de diferentes maneras; sin embargo, estas suelen omitir un tema central: las consecuencias alternativas o los desvíos que emergen en caso de fracasar, lo que puede acarrear consecuencias negativas. Se argumenta que, para una buena implementación, es fundamental tener en cuenta dichas consecuencias alternativas, lo cual implica un cambio sustancial en el modo de tomar decisiones, donde la asimetría de resultados es relevante.
Simondon y el problema de la analogía
Authors: Heredia Juan Manuel
Published: September 2019

El artículo analiza y problematiza el “método analógico” puesto en juego por la filosofía de la individuación de Gilbert Simondon. Plantea las condiciones del problema y reconstruye el debate que ha propiciado entre los intérpretes; precisa el carácter isodinámico y genético de la práctica analógica simondoniana, así como su objeto específico; analiza el vínculo teórico que mantiene con el Dialogue sur l’analogie (1946) de Bruno de Solages, y concluye con una reflexión relativa a las tensiones que recorren al método analógico en tanto intermediario entre epistemología y metafísica.
¿Qué concepción del conocimiento necesita la versión epistémica de la democracia deliberativa? Una propuesta de clasificación
Authors: Alles Nicolás
Published: September 2019

El presente artículo intenta desarrollar los elementos de una concepción del conocimientoque resulte operativa para una versión epistémica de la democracia deliberativa.Se intenta superar algunas limitaciones de los modelos epistémico-deliberativosactuales y profundizar la relación entre conocimiento, deliberación y legitimidad.
The Strawsonian and Ledger Conception of Moral Responsibility
Authors: Cuypers Steefan
Published: September 2019

This paper returns to the very concept of moral responsibility. Its focus is not on the conditions but on the nature of moral responsibility. First, it introduces the Strawsonian and ledger conceptions of moral responsibility. Next, it contrasts and compares these conceptions. Finally, it evaluates both conceptions and asks which is the right one. Though this article works toward further clarifying the concept of moral responsibility, its conclusion is open-ended.
Boeri, Marcelo D. “¿Cuán utópica es la Calípolis de Platón? Reflexiones sobre la ‘ciudad ideal’ y el valor del paradigma en la explicación filosófica.”
Authors: De Bravo Delorme Cristián
Published: September 2019

En su exposición Marcelo Boeri aborda el problema de la “utopía” política de Platón a partir de una reconstrucción argumentativa según la cual el significado del “ser posible” de la “ciudad ideal” descrita en la República puede ser comprendido a partir del recurso a la relación entre el paradigma y su copia. Sin embargo, la siguiente consideración, no se centrará en una evaluación de esta estrategia hermenéutica, sino, más bien, en ciertas suposiciones y afirmaciones que resultan difícilmente aceptables o, al menos, muy discutibles. Esto es importante, puesto que, en cierto modo, el enfoque total del problema pierde claridad.
Characteristics of Emotional Intelligence and Empathic Abilities in Medical Students
Authors: Vetluzhskaya Maria V. , Abramova Antonina A. , Serdakova Kira G. , Bykova Ekaterina E. , Khammatova Rina S. , Shurupova Raisa V.
Published: September 2019

Introduction. The article presents the results of a study, whose purpose was to investigate emotional intelligence and empathic abilities as well as to identify correlations between these indicators in 3rd year medical school students. The relevance of the work is determined by the fact that both empathy and emotional intelligence play an important role in the formation of the professional competencies of future doctors.
Materials and Methods. The study was based around a survey of 92 students of the Sechenov University. Data gathering was carried out using the Assessment of the Level of Empathic Abilities by V.V. Boiko and The Emotional Intelligence Test by N. Hall. The relationship between emotional intelligence and empathic abilities was studied. Data were analysed using STATISTICA 8.0.
Results. The majority of the participants were found to have both an understated and a very low level of empathic capability. The least developed were the intuitive, rational and emotional components, while the most developed was the “installations that promote empathy” component. The majority of the participants had a low level of emotional intelligence in Hall’s terms, with the worst developed parameters seen to be “managing your emotions” and “self-motivation”. The most developed parameter was “emotional awareness”. The results showed an average positive correlation between Hall’s empathy and the total indicator of empathic abilities (r = 0.37, p < 0.01), the intuitive channel (r = 0.32, p < 0.01), the “empathy facilities” (r = 0.31, p < 0.01) and the “empathy identification” (r = 0.26, p = 0.01) , as well as between “recognition other people’s emotions” and the total indicator of empathic abilities (r = 0.28, p < 0.05). The study found an average negative correlation between the “managing your emotions” and the “emotional channel” (r = -0.41, p < 0.001), the “rational channel” (r = -0.31, p = 0.003), the total indicator of empathic abilities (r = -0.28, p < 0.05).
Discussion and Conclusion. Most of the participants have a low level of empathic abilities and emotional intelligence. The results of the study identify the need to develop empathic abilities and emotional intelligence in medical students with a focus on intuitive, rational and emotional channels of empathy, as well as “managing your emotions” and “self-motivation”, in order to train communicative professional competencies during the course of higher education.
A verb as a reflection of the main characteristics of human behavior in the Khanty language
Authors: Nakhracheva Galina L.
Published: September 2019

This article analyzes the concept of “human behavior” from the perspective of humanities and highlights its main characteristics. The objective is to identify and describe semantics, determine the composition and structure of the verbs of behavior in the Khanty language.
The main material for the study was the author’s field notes, a database of the examples from folklore, fiction works, dictionaries published in the Khanty newspaper “Luh avt”. The work employed the component and comparative analysis of lexeme value.
The verbs of behavior of the Khanty language so far have not been the subject of a research; basically it has been only fragmentary. The study examines the implementation of the main characteristics of human behavior on the material of lexical and semantic group of behavioral verbs in the Khanty language: human behavior in the material sphere, human behavior in the intellectual sphere and the characteristics of human behavior in society.
The symbolic significance of bone, stone and metal in the context of traditional views of the Ob Ugrians on reincarnation
Authors: Voldina Tatyana V.
Published: September 2019

The article continues the series of materials devoted to the problem of reincarnation in the traditional culture of the Ob Ugrians (“Finno-Ugric World”, “Bulletin of Ugric Studies” (2014–2018). The theme of reincarnation of the human soul is directly related to the question about the vital forces and their carriers. In traditional practices for determination whose “soul” reincarnated, the leading ones were the traditional divination and prediction of dreams, but also the attention was paid to the internal (character, preferences, etc.) and the external likeliness of a children to the reincarnated ancestor. It is not main, but very important parameter, confirming the correctness of the definition of the reborn “soul”.
Part of the mythical traditions of the Khanty and Mansi is the so-called “bodily” magic, where special attention is paid to the bones (skeleton) as the basis of the human body. According to the bone structure, people could determine the fate and qualities of a person. Special attention was paid to the spine (or to the back), because the vitality of the human body depended on its strength. The safety and integrity of the skeleton was considered an important condition for subsequent reincarnation. Echoes of ancient beliefs can be found in the mythological texts about the ancestors and customs related to the bear cult.
Relationship between the ideas about the bones with the worship of ancestral guardian spirits is universal. At the same time among the Ob Ugrians bones are also associated with stones. It explains sacralization of natural stone objects, in which “heroes of the past” have “turned”; a stone has generative, protective and deadly functions. The identity of bone and stone can be seen in folklore texts about heroes or miraculous arrows (bone and stone), which appear from the miracle stones, and these arrows are used by the heroes to defeat the supernatural creatures. Metal in its sacred functions is close to bone and stone. Metal products also symboliz a magical protection, ancestral spirits and the human soul (needle, knife, arrow tip).
Subculture of family-related assistance to the Mordovian young family in the countryside
Authors: Kasarkina Eliena N.
Published: September 2019

In the crisis conditions of modern Russia, a young family (an object of the research) faces many problems and is unable to cope with them alone. Of particular importance for a young family is family-related assistance determined by the social parameters of territorial community and national characteristics of socio-cultural cohesion. The purpose of the research is to substantiate the role and potential of family-related assistance in overcoming the crisis of the Mordovian young family in the countryside. The novelty to the solution of the problem is based on objective and subjective aspects of the functioning of the Institute of assistance in various subsystems of family relations (for example, parents and young rural families).
The most significant role in determining the methodological approaches of the study had the concepts of development of a young family. Among them there are crisis, modernization and system. The formation of the theoretical analysis of the research problem also considered the scientific positions of scholars who study the determination of the characteristics of family life by regional-settlement, cultural, and ethnic factors. For following methods were used for this work: general analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, interpretation, system method, and secondary analysis of empirical data. The research was based on the questionnaire, and sociological survey of young spouses and their parents.
As a result, the demand for the traditional role of the Mordovian parent family in helping and supporting the young families is empirically proved. It showed the influence of family-related assistance on the success of a young family, as well as the value orientations of young people in the field of family and family relations.
The study showed that family-related assistance in Mordovians is a traditional and popular social institution. The subculture of family-related care includes characteristics of timeliness and diversity, is based on kinship and/or property, is universal and dynamic.
Ethno-linguistic and ethno-demographic development of Finno-ugric nations in the Ural-Volga region
Authors: Safin Fail G. , Mukhtasarova Elvira A. , Khaliullina Aigul I.
Published: September 2019

Introduction. In the light of the revival and development of national languages and cultures of the peoples of the Russian Federation, this article tries to reveal the ethno-demographic and ethno-linguistic development of the Finno-Ugric peoples-Mari, Mordovians, Udmurts in the Ural-Volga region. Along with the national republics, the problems of ethno-demographic and ethno-linguistic development of the Finno-Ugric peoples are important for other entities, including those with their own national-territorial entities (Komi, Permian Komi, Khanty and Mansi) and located in northern part of the country and Western Siberia.
Materials and Methods. The basis of the article is materials is all-Soviet Union census of 1979 and 1989, and all-Russian censuses of 2002 and 2010, as well as statistical materials issued by the State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation in different years. The study was carried out on the basis of comparative historical, statistical and systematic approaches, which made it possible to uncover the dynamics of the ethno-demographic development of Finno-Ugric peoples in the context of recognition and preservation of the native languages.
Results and Discussion. In the Russian Federation, according to the All-Soviet Union Census of 1979, of the Finno-Ugric peoples, with a population of more than 1 million people, only the Mordovian population was noted. The Udmurts took the second place with 685.7 thousand people, then the Mari with 599 thousand people, the Komi with more than 320 thousand people, the Permian Komi with 145.9 thousand people. The number of the Khanty exceeded a little more than 20 thousand and Mansi 7.4 thousand people. Among the Finno-Ugric peoples, recognition of the native language of their nationality remained high.
Conclusion. From 1979 to 2010, the number of Finno-Ugric peoples in almost all subjects of the Russian Federation tended to decrease. The highest percentage of the native language was noted among Mari, Permian Komi, Udmurts, as well as Komi and Mordovians. In Mansi, half of the representatives of this ethnic group considered Russian as their native language.
The Republic of Mordovia: historical description of image background
Authors: Desyaev Dmitry G. , Napalkova Irina G.
Published: September 2019

Introduction. The formation of the territorial image of the region popularize and present the territory in a positive light. The conditions available in the Republic of Mordovia for creating a successful image, especially historical-cultural and natural zones, allow creating a recognizable and attractive image of the Republic not only for the residents of Russia, but also abroad. primarily in the countries of the Finno-Ugric world, with which -cultural factor for interaction and cooperation. Building the image to a large extent is based on the historical aspect of the image background, which is inseparable from the rich Finno-Ugric culture and geographical diversity of the territory, while historical and cultural objects contribute to creating the attractive image of the region. History plays a fundamental role in creating a recognizable image, without it, it is impossible to build a meaningful view of the republic.
Materials and Methods. The main research approaches were the historical-evolutionary method, the hermeneutic and axiological paradigms, the systems approach, and the elements of the theory of dependence on previous development. Among the applied methods the authors used a focus-group study, a case study, and an expert survey. The materials of the survey «Republic of Mordovia: problems and prospects for the formation of the image of the region» were employed.
Results and Discussion. Mordovia has a long history, when Mordovian territorial units joined vast family of peoples living in Russia. The attainment of statehood by Mordovia in the 20th century was a significant step in preserving the distinctive culture and eventful memory of the region. Rich tourist and recreational potential, geographical location, natural resources, natural and water objects protected by the state, myths and legends, important historical events, preserved cultural and historical objects, folk traditions and customs have not lost their originality and can be a significant basis for the formation and promotion of a positive image of the Republic of Mordovia and can help to level existing negative stereotypes about the region as “territories of prisons and camps”, “provinces with a low standard of living, culture and education”, etc.
Conclusion. The existing image background of Mordovia can become the basis of a unique positive image of the region, turning it into a well-known and popular brand. Adequate building of a regional image by each of the subjects of Russia, in turn, will help create a positive view of the state itself in the international arena.
Sociocultural landscape of Mordovia in the paradigm of spiritual and moral values of the individual
Authors: Antonova Vera I. , Rzhanova Svetlana A.
Published: September 2019

Introduction. The article determines the problem of spiritual and moral education as one of the priorities of the socio-cultural space of the region. It comprehends theoretical indicators and levels of development of the inner world of the individual, as well as the conditions for the effectiveness of the formation of moral postulates. It demonstrates the empirical and local history infrastructure of Mordovia, which is the basic construct of spiritual, moral and religious education of the target audience.
Materials and Methods. The empirical material of the work is presented by rich sociocultural infrastructure of the Republic of Mordovia; theoretical one is based on the works of modern researchers on the problems of spiritual and creative formation of personality in the process of the socialization. Reliability and scientific validity of the results are provided by comparative, typological, historical traditional methods, as well as the well-presented empirical research database – the empirical and local infrastructure of the region, compiled using a representative selection of source material and its subsequent correct interpretation.
Results and Discussion. Regionalization in the context of preserving the country’s unified sociocultural space leads to the definition of a new humanitarian paradigm, which provides a high level of general culture, development of spiritual intelligence, and satisfaction of personal cognitive interests achieved by immersion in ethnic culture, familiarization with Russian and world values of civilization. A similar approach defines the invariants of the modern ethnocultural system, indicating the ways and possibilities of their implementation at the regional level. On the territory of Mordovia, people of different nationalities and religions always lived in good neighborliness. The Christian Orthodox religion has traditionally been a leading one. Historically it has contributed to the formation of public consciousness and human environment, which has preserved the main ethical standards and values of life.
Conclusion. The sociocultural landscape of Mordovia allows us to provide knowledge not only about understanding of the meaning of life, its embodiment in the traditions and life of the people, but also about the centers of spiritual culture. Through the development of diverse spiritual ideas, a person gains social experience, objective information, joins culture, religion and spirituality.
Era feliz y no lo sabía
Authors: Añover Verónica
Published: September 2019

Creación literaria
Poemas de Gante
Authors: Campos López Ronald
Published: September 2019

Creación literaria
“L´état de siège” y “Clamor”: dos formas de mirar la post-guerra y sus tiranías
Authors: Víquez Jiménez Alí
Published: September 2019

Este artículo compara L´état de siège, de Albert Camus y Clamor, de Jorge Guillén. Específicamente, se centra en la lectura que ambos textos efectúan de la post-guerra y, en particular, del caso español, del cual abordan la problemática ligada a la tiranía franquista, y desde ahí lanzan una crítica de las tiranías en general. Las conclusiones hacen ver un campo importante de coincidencias, si bien estas no son totales.
A Revisionary Theoretical Framework of Responsibility: A Philosophical Exploration of Incapacity for Responsible Behaviour (utilregnelighet)
Authors: Søvik Atle Ottesen
Published: September 2019

The article presents the main features of a theory of responsibility and the conditions that determine who can and cannot be held responsible, with a focus on different types of incapacity for responsible behaviour. The article has four parts. The first three parts answer the following questions: what is responsibility; what is capacity for responsible behaviour; and, what is incapacity for responsible behaviour. Part four answers some possible objections. The answers are based on Antonio Damasio’s understanding of the mind, Manuel Vargas’ revisionary theory of responsibility, and previous work by the author on free will.