bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN BUBUR INSTAN MORPHALUS (TEPUNG DAUN KELOR, TEPUNG KACANG MERAH, TEPUNG IKAN GABUS) TERHADAP PENINGKATAN BERAT BADAN BAYI GIZI KURANG USIA 6-11 BULAN DI PUSKESMAS TAMAN BACAAN PALEMBANG
Authors: Podojoyo Podojoyo , Siregar Afriyana , Martini Dina
Published: February 2023

Background: Undernutrition is still a major nutritional problem in Indonesia. Babies are one of the vulnerable groups experiencing nutritional problems. The direct cause of the occurrence of malnutrition is one of which is influenced by the intake of nutrients. Low energy, protein and fat intake causes optimal utilization of nutrients and susceptible to infectious diseases (Diniyyah, 2017). Therefore, with the provision of morphalus instant porridge that is high in energy and protein can help increase weight.

Method: This research is a quasi-eskperimen study with a pre-test research design and post test with control group design. The study was conducted from January-March 2022. The sample number of 20 treatment respondents and 20 comparison respondents were carried out by purposive sampling.

Results: Based on statistical tests in the treatment group and comparison group obtained the value of the baby's weight before and after the intervention with a p-value (<0.05)

Conclusion: Morphalus instant porridge has an effect on increasing the weight of malnourished  infants aged 6-11 months in the Working Area of ​​the Taman Bacaan Palembang Health Center

Keywords: Undernutrition, Complementary food
DETERMINAN PERILAKU SEBAGAI FAKTOR RISIKO TERJADINYA TUBERKULOSIS PARU DI WILAYAH PUSKESMAS MOJO SURABAYA (Studi Pendekatan Teori Health Belief Model)
Authors: Ramadhani Laila Fauziah , Setiawan Setiawan , Suryono Hadi , Marlik Marlik , Rusmiati Rusmiati
Published: February 2023

Latar Belakang: Tuberkulosis paru yaitu penyakit yang menular akibat kuman mycobacterium tuberculosis dan dapat mengenai paru-paru serta menyebar ke organ tubuh lainnya. Berdasarkan data dari Puskesmas Mojo, kasus tuberkulosis paru tahun 2019-2020 mengalami penurunan (15%) dan tahun 2020-2021 mengalami peningkatan (17%). Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis hubungan determinan perilaku penderita tuberkulosis paru terhadap kejadian tuberkulosis paru di wilayah Puskesmas Mojo Surabaya.

Metode: Desain penelitian ini yaitu case control. Besar sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 39 kasus dan 39 kontrol menggunakan metode simple random sampling. Pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu pengisisan kuesioner. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat melalui uji mantel haenszel.

Hasil: Mayoritas reponden mempunyai determinan perilaku baik mencakup persepsi kerentanan (52,6%), persepsi keseriusan (55,1%), persepsi manfaat (57,7%), persepsi hambatan (61,5%), persepsi isyarat dalam bertindak (57,7%), dan persepsi efikasi diri (53,8%). Determinan perilaku kurang baik yang berisiko terhadap tuberkulosis paru yaitu persepsi kerentanan berisiko 1,36 kali, persepsi keseriusan berisiko 4,07 kali, persepsi manfaat berisiko 1,11 kali, persepsi hambatan berisiko 1,24 kali, persepsi isyarat dalam bertindak 1,37 kali, dan yang bukan berisiko terhadap tuberkulosis paru yaitu persepsi efikasi diri.

Kesimpulan: bahwa sebagian besar mempunyai determinan perilaku baik (53,87%) dan determinan perilaku kurang baik berisiko 2,31 kali lebih besar mengalami kejadian tuberkulosis paru.
TINJAUAN COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS PENGGUNAAN INSULIN PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Simamora Samarlina , Mangunsong Sonlimar , Pratiwi Tiara Mayang
Published: February 2023

Diabetes mellitus merupakan penyakit kronis yang membutuhkan perawatan medis terus-menerus. Prevalensi pengidap diabetes melitus terus meningkat setiap tahunnya dan pada kondisi tertentu dimana pengobatan oral sudah kurang mencukupi, maka dokter akan meresepkan insulin injeksi. Hal ini akan menyebabkan peningkatkan biaya pengobatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menghitung     perbedaan biaya terhadap outcome terapi penggunaan insulin kerja cepat jika           dibandingkan dengan kombinasi insulin kerja cepat dengan insulin kerja panjang. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional dengan rancangan deskriptif. Data diperoleh secara retrospektif melalui penelusuran data rekam medik pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 selama tahun 2020 di sebuah rumah sakit di Kota Palembang, dengan    penentuan sampel secara probability sampling, didapatkan 161 rekam medik. Dari     penelitian ditemukan bahwa terapi kombinasi jenis insulin aspart yang kerjanya cepat dan insulin detemir yang kerjanya panjang, merupakan kombinasi terapi yang paling banyak diresepkan untuk pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2. Biayanya dengan menggunakan harga e-catalog adalah sebesar 7.170.110,- .Penggunaan kombinasi kedua jenis   insulin ini tidak menunjukkan outcome yang lebih baik pada kadar gula darah pasien yang diberikan kan insulin aspart secara tunggal, dengan biaya sebesar 5.457.359,-.  Nilai dari rata-rata biaya pengobatan langsung dibagi dengan outcome terapi dari penggunaan insulin adalah 5.664.000,- untuk kombinasi insulin aspart dengan insulin glulisin, kombinasi insulin aspart dan insulin glargine sebesar 8.955.000,- , insulin glulisin dan insulin detemir sebesar 7.517.376,- dan insulin aspart dan insulin detemir sebesar 7.170.110 dan terakhir adalah kombinasi insulin glulisin dan insulin glargine, yaitu sebesar 6.744.674,-.   Terapi insulin yang paling cost-effective adalah insulin      Aspart.
PREDIKSI KASUS COVID 19 INDONESIA MENGGUNAKAN METODE NAÏVE BAYES
Authors: Dafid Dafid , Veratiwi Veratiwi
Published: February 2023

Latar Belakang: Covid 19 merupakan virus yang menyerang sistem pernapasan. Dampak dari covid 19 sangat signifikan bagi kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia yang terjadi hampir di semua bidang. Berdasarkan data dari Kementerian Kesehatan (Kemenkes) melalui laman https://www.kemkes.go.id/ per 18 November 2022, kasus penyebaran dan kasus terinfeksi oleh virus ini terus bertambah. Hal ini menjadi tantangan besar dalam menghadapi covid 19 terutama bagi pembuat kebijakan yang harus mengambil keputusan dari berbagai macam informasi yang masih belum sempurna. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi kasus covid 19 di Indonesia sehingga para pembuat kebijakan dapat mengambil keputusan yang sesuai baik itu untuk pencegahan maupun untuk penyusunan strategi dalam menangani kasus covid 19.

Metode: Dalam penelitian ini bahan yang digunakan untuk kemudian diolah dan menjadi acuan adalah dataset yang dikompilasi secara time series dari covid19.go.id, kemendagri.go.id, bps.go.id, dan bnpb-inacovid19.hub.arcgis.com berupa data kasus covid-19 di Indonesia yang diupdate dalam 2 bulan terakhir. Metode yang digunakan untuk melakukan prediksi menggunakan dataset yang telah disiapkan adalah Naïve Bayes.

Hasil: Prediksi yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Naïve Bayes memberikan hasil prediksi dengan mengklasifikasi kasus baru yang terjadi berdasarkan variabel independen yang telah ditentukan. Nilai akurasi yang dihasilkan yaitu sebesar 89%.    

Kesimpulan: Metode Naïve Bayes mampu memberikan hasil prediksi dengan tepat dengan tingkat akurasi yang dihasilkan sangat tinggi. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh faktor banyaknya data yang disediakan dan juga banyaknya variabel yang digunakan untuk melakukan prediksi.

Kata kunci : Covid 19, Prediksi, Keputusan
Faktor Risiko Terjadinya Dimensia Pada Usia Lanjut Di Posyandu Usia Lanjut Puskesmas Kertapati Palembang Tahun 2012
Authors: Yuniati Faiza , Azhari Azhari , Fitriana Yuvita
Published: February 2023

Gangguan mental yang  banyak terjadi pada usia lanjut adalah penurunan fungsi kognitif. Standar baku diagnosis dimensia yang dikenal yaitu Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE Test) yang menilai 5 aspek kognitif berisi tindakan yang harus dilakukan oleh usila untuk mengukur kemampuan kognitifnya.

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik dalam bidang Keperawatan gerontik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai angka kejadian dimensia pada usia lanjut dan faktor yang mempengaruhinya di Posyandu Usia Lanjut Puskesmas kertapati Palembang Tahun 2012. Diagnosis Dimensia ditetapkan dengan menggunakan standar baku Mini Mental State Examination Test (MMSE Test). Test ini merupakan penilaian dari 5 aspek kognitif yang memiliki total skor sejumlah 30. Test ini berisi serangkaian test yang menuntut usia lanjut melakukan beberapa tindakan dengan tujuan untuk menilai kemampuan kognitifnya. Faktor risiko yang diduga berpengaruh terhadap dimensia yaitu umur, pendidikan, pasangan hidup, aktivitas sosial dan aktivitas mengasah otak. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariabel dan bivariabel.  Pelaksanaan penelitian pada bulan Oktober 2012 di Posyandu Usila Kertapati Palembang.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan  bahwa angka kejadian dimensia pada pada usia lanjut di Posyandu Usila Kertapati Palembang adalah sebesar 30%.  Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara umur (Pvalue = 0,000), keberadaan pasangan hidup (Pvalue=0,008) dan aktivitas sosial (Pvalue=0,020) terhadap kejadian dimensia pada usia lanjut di Posyandu Usila Kertapati Palembang adalah sebesar 30% (CI= 95%). Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara pendidikan dan aktivitas mengasah otak dengan kejadian dimensia pada usia lanjut di Posyandu Usila Kertapati Palembang adalah sebesar 30% (CI= 95%).
A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF INCIDENCE OF FACIAL NERVE DYSFUNCTION IN SUPERFICIAL PAROTIDECTOMY PATIENTS
Authors: Sasi Kumar Mungi , Rao S Veerbhadra , Ramachandra Mallireddy
Published: February 2023

Salivary gland neoplasms constitute 5 percent of head and neck tumors. Among them 80% arise from parotid gland , 10%
from submandibular gland, 10% from sublingual and other minor salivary glands.In parotid neoplasms, 80% are benign
and 20% are malignant. Most common benign tumor is pleomorphic adenoma, which accounts for 40-70% of all salivary gland neoplasms.
Other benign parotid tumors are various monomorphic adenomas (warthin tumor, oncocytoma, basal cell adenoma, canalicular adenoma),
ductal papilloma and capillary hemangioma. Most common malignant tumor is mucoepidermoid carcinoma, which is further divided into low
and high grade tumors. Adenoid cystic carcinoma constitute 10% of all salivary gland neoplasms with characteristic indolent growth and
perineural invasion. Rapid increase in size, pain and facial nerve palsy are signs of malignancy.Based on the location of tumor and pathological
status supercial or total conservative parotidectomy can be done. Facial nerve as well as it's branches are very close to the gland, they are at high
risk of injury.Therefore successful surgery depends on the indentication and preservation of facial nerve. Marginal mandibular nerve damage is
most commonly encountered complication. Temporary neuropraxia is common and expected to recover with in few months following Surgery.
It is mainly due to stretching of Vasa vasorum. The main objective of this AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: study is to access the incidence of facial
nerve dysfunction as temporary or permanent, complete or incomplete in post supercial parotidectomy Patients. MATERIALS AND
METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted from June 2016 to June 2019 in the department of general surgery, government general
hospital, kakinada among the Patients who underwent surgery for parotid neoplasms. Am RESULTS: ong 50 remaining Patients, 36 were female
and 14 were male patients with male to female ratio of 1:2.5. The mean age was 39+/-9 years. Among 54 Patients 50 underwent supercial
parotidectomy .Among 50 Patients who underwent surgery, 18 were observed to have no complications in the immediate postoperative period.
And 28 patients presented with transient facial weakness, which was incomplete and temporary in the immediate postoperative period. Only 4
patients had permanent facial weakness which was complete Overall inc CONCLUSION: idence of temporary and permanent facial nerve
dysfunction in this study is 63.3% and 6.6% respectively without using any intraoperative monitoring with a nerve stimulator or
magnication.And the incidence is mainly depending on the location of the tumor, extent of the surgery, excessive traction, proper anatomical
knowledge and experience of the surgeon.
FEV1 (FORCED EXPIRATORY VOLUME IN THE 1ST SECOND) REVERSIBILITY AFTER NEBULISATION WITH SABA (SHORT ACTING BETA AGONIST) AS A MARKER OF CONTROL OF ASTHMA
Authors: M Anjana. , K Rugmini. , P. Verghese Relve. , k.e elizabeth.
Published: February 2023

INTRODUCTION: Variable expiratory airow due to bronchoconstriction, airway wall thickening and increased
mucus is an obvious feature in asthma. Variable airow obstruction is evidenced by reversibility of FEV1 following a
bronchodilator inhalation. PFT (Pulmonary Function Testing) using spirometry is often used for the estimation of FEV1. Reversibility is not
uniform in all cases and vary with respect to severity and control of asthma.
AIMS & OBJECTIVES:
1) To determine the control of asthma in 5-15-year-old children using GINA checklist and estimate FEV1 before and after SABA nebulisation.
2) To nd out the association between FEV1 reversibility and control of asthma.
MATERIALS & METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 90 consecutive 5-15-year-old-children with a clinical diagnosis of asthma
attending the Paediatric OPD of a teaching hospital from October-May 2021. The symptoms, signs, comorbidities, treatment, compliance and
assessment of control of asthma into 2 subgroups: Well-controlled and Partly-controlled/Uncontrolled asthma, as per GINA 2020 were recorded.
All were subjected to spirometry for assessment of FEV1 before and 20 minutes after nebulisation with SABA. Depending upon FEV1, they
were grouped as those with >12% reversibility and <12% reversibility. Data analysed using SPSS 20.0, Paired t test for comparison of means,
Chi-square test for statistical difference in proportion, and post hoc tests. The RESULTS: M:F ratio was 1.2:1, 52.2% were 10-15 years and
47.8% 5-10 years. 68.9% had partly/uncontrolled, the rest well-controlled asthma (38.1%). The difference between mean FEV1 before
(67.9±10.6) and after nebulisation (80.6±9.7) was statistically signicant (p<0.00*). Among those with >12 reversibility, 64.5% were in
partly/uncontrolled and 35.5% in well-controlled asthma and the difference was statistically signicant (p -0.013*). The CONCLUSION:
nding in the study that 68.9% had partly/uncontrolled asthma is an eye-opener to optimise protocol-based treatment among children. The
statistically signicant difference of >12% before and after nebulisation a marker of poor control was observed in 64.5% of partly/uncontrolled
asthma compared to 35.5% of well controlled asthma. Hence, the persistence of a signicant degree of bronchodilator response noted in those
with partly/uncontrolled asthma is recommended as an objective surrogate of poor asthma control in children who can co-operate for a PFT in
order to optimise protocol-based treatment.
APPLICATION OF INNOVATIVE APPROACH IN FORENSIC MEDICINE TEACHING: VIDEO INTEGRATION- AN INTERVENTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Ingale Sundeep , Wankhade Toshal , Sharma Neha
Published: February 2023

Forensic medicine has evolved in many ways by using various scientic innovative methods as it is used to give justice for
the society by conducting investigations for the crime like doing Medicolegal autopsies, weapon examination,
toxicological analytical examination to get the clues in relation to the crime. As a result, forensic medicine is one of the most interesting subjects
for students to pursue. Teaching this subject, on the other hand, has various interesting and innovative integration making it a systematic teaching
modality. CSI, FBI Files, and CID are just a few of the TV shows and various movies that have inuenced students undergoing medical education
around the world. As a result, a teacher's ability to satisfy students questions solely through traditional teaching pedagogies becomes difcult. A
promising teaching-learning module for forensic medicine uses context-cinema and video clips. This module has been shown to have a long-term
impact on students. The study proved to be benecial and effective in terms of student's reection and professional attitude. It's a unique way of
attracting student's attention. Film clips "capture the imagination" and aid in the long-term memory of facts. It also aids medical students in their
preparation for ethical and moral dilemmas that they will face throughout their careers. Our study's main focus is on how this newer technique of
integrated module will help the students of MBBS second and third professional year to regain the knowledge in the subject of forensic medicine.
On modules over the mod 2 Steenrod algebra and hit problems
Authors: Võ Phúc Đặng
Published: February 2023

Let us consider the prime field of two elements, $\mathbb F_2\equiv \mathbb Z_2.$  The classical "hit problem" in Algebraic Topology, which is widely recognized as an important and intriguing open problem, asks for a minimal set of generators for the polynomial algebra, $\mathcal P_m:=\mathbb F_2[x_1, x_2, \ldots, x_m]$, on $m$ variables $x_1, \ldots, x_m$, each of which has degree one, regarded as a connected unstable $\mathscr A$-module. The algebra $\mathcal P_m$ is the cohomology with $\mathbb F_2$-coefficients of the product of $m$ copies of the Eilenberg-MacLan complex $K(\mathbb F_2, 1)$. Despite extensive study over the past three decades, the hit problem remains unresolved for $m\geq 5$. 

In this article, we develop our previous work [Commun. Korean Math. Soc. 35 (2020), 371-399] on the hit problem for $\mathscr A$-module $\mathcal P_5$ in generic degree $n_s = 5(2^{s}-1) + 18.2^{s}$ with $s$ an arbitrary non-negative integer. As a result, a local version of Kameko's conjecture, which concerns the dimension of the cohit space $\mathbb F_2\otimes_{\mathscr A}\mathcal P_m$ in relation to weight vectors, has been confirmed for the case where $m = 5$ and the degree is $n_s.$ Also, we show that this conjecture also holds for any $m\geq 1$ and degrees $\leq 12.$ This study has two important applications:  (1) it establishes the dimension result for the cohit space $\mathbb F_2\otimes_{\mathscr A}\mathcal P_m$ for $m = 6$ in generic degree $5(2^{s+4}-1) + n_1.2^{s+4}$ with $s > 0;$ and (2) it describes the representations of the general linear group of rank $5$ over $\mathbb F_2.$ As a result, we prove that the algebraic transfer, defined by W. Singer [Math. Z. 202 (1989), 493-523], is an isomorphism in bidegrees $(5, 5+n_s)$ with $s\geq 0.$ Besides, we obtain new results on the behavior of this algebra transfer for all homological degrees $m$. Specifically, we demonstrate that Singer's transfer is a trivial isomorphism in bidegree $(m, m+12)$ for any $m > 0$.
Tradisi Islam Dalam Pembentukan Kepribadian Luhur Melalui Mekanisme Berfikir Untuk Menghadapi Dinamika Zaman
Authors: Neliwati Neliwati , Ritonga Maisaroh , Nursalimah Nursalimah
Published: February 2023

Humans are the most glorious creatures created by Allah. Human life is controlled by imitation nature. Natural imitation created by human knowledge. Knowledge is significantly correlated with the emergence of technology products. Humans are enslaved and become dependent on technology. Technology affects the human mind which causes humans to focus more on the technology in their hands. Sensitivity and empathy are lost because of technology. Religion has a guiding function, besides that it also has the function of being a supporter of the harmony of life. The Islamic tradition through the schools of Islam found in aqidah is identical to the mechanism of thinking. The research aims to see how the mechanism of thinking in the Islamic tradition can forge a noble personality in the midst of the extreme challenges of the times. Mechanisms of thinking include planning, development, control, and utilization. The mechanism of thinking in the Islamic tradition in forging a noble personality in the midst of the extreme challenges of the times, planning is a medium for compiling and determining the stages and efforts to be made in forging a noble personality in the midst of the extreme challenges of the times. The planning and development system in forging a noble personality in the midst of the extreme challenges of the times must be able to see how the picture of development and technological sophistication in the future will be, and it is the task of planning to make adjustments to the system for forging a noble personality.
طبقات النحاة كتاب (مراتب النحويين) لأبي الطيب اللغوي (ت351 هـ) نموذجاً - تحليل وتقويم
Authors: صنبع إبراهيم
Published: February 2023

يهدف هذا البحث إلى الوقوف مع ما أسهم به علماء الأمة في تأليف علومهم وتدوينها منذ زمن مبكر, ولمّا كان خَلْفَ هذه العلوم علماء أجلاء على اختلاف مشاربهم, واختصاصهم, أفنوا حياتهم في القراءة والتمحيص للعلوم والكتابة فيها, فكانت علوم العربية بكل أبعادها ما بين نحو, وصرف, وأدب, وبلاغة, وعروض مجال إبداع لهؤلاء العلماء فأحسنوا في التأليف والتصنيف. ولمّا كان لهؤلاء مكانة في تطوّر حضارة الأمة وعلومها حرص بعض العلماء تسليط الضوء على جوانب مهمة من حياتهم, وتكوينهم العلمي, وتمحيص ما كتبوه في سلسلة من المؤلفات تعرف بطبقات العلماء أو مراتب العلماء, أو سيرة الأعلام, وقد كان الإمام أبو الطيب اللغوي ت315هـ من أوائل العلماء الذين حرصوا على تدوين حركة العلم, والعلماء في تتابع تاريخي إلى عصره, فأبرز مجموعة من العلماء على اختلاف تخصصهم ما بين اللغة, والنحو والصرف؛ فضلاً عما حفل به الكتاب من قضايا مهمة كالمذاهب النحوية وقضية تلحين القرّاء والمعجم اللغوي وغيرها من اللفتات العلمية المهمة في هذا الكتاب, مما يدل على أهمية هذا الكتاب كحلقة مهمة في كتب التراجم وبخاصة النحاة واللغويين.
زكاة المهر
Authors: الجبوري هناء
Published: February 2023

إن أحكام النكاح من القضايا الفقهية المهمة التي تتعلق بها حياة المسلمين، والتي تنظم العلاقة بين الجنسين في إطار شرعي، يصون الحقوق، ويحفظ النسل البشري، ويلبي الحاجات الجسدية، ورتب بموجبه حقوق وواجبات على كلا الزوجين. فالنكاح هو عقد يتعلق به قوام العالم؛ لأن الله سبحانه وتعالى خلق الإنسان مفتقراً إلى النساء، ولم يتركه سدى يتصرف كيف شاء باختياره، فكان على كل مسلم أن يتعلم منه ما يحتاج إليه.ومن هذه الحقوق ما رتبه لها من عوض مالي على ما أبيح منها مما كان محرماً قبله على كلا الزوجين، وهو ما يعرف بالمهر، وتتعلق بالمهر أحكام كثيرة، ينبغي على المسلم الإلمام بها، ولاسيما تلك التي تمس الحاجة إليها.ومنها مسألة تأجيل المهر أو تأخيره، إذ ترتبط به جملة من الأحكام التي يجهلها كثير من الناس، أو فهموها على غير وجهها الصحيح لتأثرهم بالعادات والأعراف الشائعة، وظنوها هي الحكم الشرعي الصحيح. ومن النتائج التي توصلت لها فيهذا البحث هي : 1. المهر هو حق مالي يجب على الرجل لامرأته بالعقد عليها، أو الدخول بها. 2. يجوز تأجيل المهر أو بعضه والاحتكام في هذا إلى العرف. 3. عدم وجوب الزكاة في مهر المرأة المؤجل الذي هو حق للمرأة في ذمة زوجها، أما إِذَا كان نصاباً وحال عليه الحول عندها بعد قبضه، فتزكيه لهذا الحول. والله الهادي إلى سواء السبيل.
Surgical Etiology of Respiratory Distress in Infant and Short Term Outcome at Benghazi Children Hospital (2017-2018)
Authors: Aldersi Abeir Bakkar , Shaheen Abdulgader , Alferjani Mohamed Masoud , Alzehawi Salima M. M.
Published: February 2023

Background: Respiratory distress (RD) is a common problem in newborns immediately following birth. It is often seen during the transition from fetal to neonatal life. Aims: This study was conducted to demonstrate the surgical causes of respiratory distress in infants admitted to paediatric surgical department of Benghazi Children Hospital and to describe the short term outcome of the sample. Methodology: A retrospective observational descriptive cross section study was done to achieve the aims of this study. Results: A sample of (50) children admitted with respiratory distress due to congenital anomalies, the age range of the sample was from one day to one year, male were (70%) and females and (30%). Residency (20%) from Benghazi and (80%) from outside Benghazi. Normal delivery was reported in52% of the cases and (48%) C/S, (86%) were born at term and (14%) preterm. The mean weight of the cases was (3.38) (±1.91) kg with minimum of (2) kg and maximum (10) kg. TOF in (52%), diaphragmatic hernia in (40%) and lung emphysema in (8%). Clinical presentation of the cases was mainly with respiratory distress in (84%), while (16%) presented with frothy secretion, ultrasound scan was done to (88%) and was normal. Echocardiogram was normal, atrial septal defect in (16%), ventricular septal defect in (14%), patent ductus arteriosus in (8%). (80%) were operated. Death was recorded in half of the cases. Cases with TOF were in total (26) cases of them (17) died and (9) survived, diaphragmatic hernia cases were (20), of them (12) discharged and (8) died, all cases of congenital lobar emphysema discharged. This association was highly significant Fisher`s (exact=6.9 P=0.005). all preterm neonate died (seven cases) and those who were term were in total (43) of them (25) survived and (18) died, Fisher`s (exact=10.85 P=0.005). Cases who were presented with respiratory distress were in total (42) of them (18) died and (25) discharged, while cases who presented with frothy secretions ....
Early vs. Delayed Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy for Acute Cholecystitis – A Single Center Study
Authors: Murshid Dr. Mohsin Yahya , Murshid Dr. Abdulhamed Jameel , Ansari Dr. Farrukh Alim
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is regarded as the gold standard for the treatment of acute cholecystitis; however the timing of the procedure is controversial. There exist studies that support both early and delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Aim: The aim of the study is to determine which modality: early or delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the preferred timing in the treatment of acute cholecystitis by examining: duration of hospitalization, conversion rate, duration of surgery and intraoperative, postoperative complications. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of 300 patients. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed within 72 hours of admission for patients in the Early LC Group. Patients in the Delayed LC group were treated conservatively and discharged They were readmitted 6-12 weeks later for elective laparoscopic. Results: The mean operating time was 83.55 mins vs. 60.72 mins in the delayed group, conversion rate in Early LC Group was 5.3% vs. 8.0 % in the delayed LC group. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 1.98 days in the earlier group and 3.35 days in the delayed group. Overall mortality was zero. Conclusion: Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy within 72 hours of symptom onset offers both medical and economic benefits and should be the preferred method for patients treated by surgeons with adequate laparoscopic cholecystectomy experience.
Investigating the Relationship between Gallbladder Malignancy and Various Factors in Surgically Treated Gallbladder Disease Patients
Authors: Shagor Dr. Shaila , Nur Dr Md Asaduzzaman , Mannan Dr. Mohammad Abdul , Parvin Dr. Monika , Islam Dr. Raisul , Simon Dr. Mohammed Akramul Alam , Masrura Dr. Syeda , Ripa Dr. Meharun Nesa
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Gallbladder cancer is a rare but aggressive disease with a poor prognosis. Factors that may contribute to the development of gallbladder cancer include chronic inflammation, gallstones, and obesity. This study will examine the prevalence of these factors in patients who have undergone surgery for gallbladder disease, and determine if there is a correlation with the development of gallbladder cancer. This information will be valuable in identifying high-risk individuals and developing strategies for the early detection and prevention of gallbladder cancer. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional and observational study was carried out in the Department of General Surgery and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic surgery, BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka from August 2019 to February 2021. Patients admitted to the General Surgery and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Department of BIRDEM hospital who underwent gallbladder surgery were recruited for this study. Consecutive sampling was done in this study. Result: The present study findings showed that the majority (65.45%) of the participants were between the age of 50-59 years, with 38.18% being male and 61.82% being female. The most common comorbidities were diabetes (62.73%), hypertension (43.64%) and anaemia (40%). The most common clinical presentation was abdominal pain (76.36%) and the most common histopathological diagnosis was chronic calculous cholecystitis (49.09%), while 20% of participants had gallbladder carcinoma. The study found an association between age, gallbladder wall thickness and gallbladder malignancy. Participants who were 60 years or older were 4.865 times more likely to have gallbladder carcinoma and those with severe wall thickness (>10mm) were 13.32 times more likely to have gallbladder carcinoma. Conclusion: The present study found that the majority of participants were between the age of 50-59 years, with a higher female prevalence. The most common comorbidities were diabetes, ..........
Maternal and Fetal Outcome in Second and Third Trimesters of Pregnancy with Burn
Authors: Das Bornali , sarker Bidhan
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Burns in pregnancy is common in Bangladesh. Burns are a major, global public health problem, resulting in an estimated 195,000 deaths annually. The majority of burns occur in low-and middle-income countries, with almost half occurring in the World Health Organization (WHO) South-East Asia Region. Objective: To assess the maternal and fetal outcome in second and third trimesters of pregnancy with burn. Methods: This is a retrospective study was conducted in Burn and plastic surgery unit Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from March to May 2022. Total 28 patients admitted were included. The data was collected on the basis of age, percentage of burn over the body surface, gestational age, maternal and foetal outcome. All admitted patients having burn with live pregnancy was included in the study and epidermal burn and burn with other severe co-morbidities were excluded from the study group. All patients were informed about the study. Then those patients willing to take part in the study were included. Results: Total 28 patients (3.1% of female burn patient of childbearing age), having burn with Pregnancy were included in this study fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Among 28 patients, 10 (35.7%) patients were in age group 15-20 years followed by 11 (39.3%) in age group 21-25 years, 5 (17.8%) in age group 26-30 and 1 (3.6%) patient each was in age group 31-35 years and 41-45 years group. Age range was 16-45years. 96.4% burn Accidental and 3.6% burn Suicidal. Among 28 patients, 16 (57.1%) were survived after treatment and 12 (42.9%) patients died. The causes of death were septicemia and MODS in maximum cases. Fetal outcome shows, 16(57.1%) fetus were survived. Of them 8 pregnancy continued till discharge, 8 babies were delivered during treatment period (6 by normal vaginal delivery, 2 by caesarian section). 12 (42.9%) fetal death occurred. Among them 5 fetus died with maternal death, 1 intrauterine death follower by normal delivery and 1 still birth occurred. Conclusion: Most burns with pregnancy are in the 16-30 years age group and accident was the major cause of injury. Inhalation injury, burn related complications like burn shock, septicemia and infection are major factors responsible for maternal and fetal mortality. Early hospitalization, prompt and aggressive fluid management, proper management of suspected inhalation injury and early identification and management.
Assessment of Family Members’ First Aid Education in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alhamdan Mohammad , Qadi Abdullah , Elfadil Abdulbaqi , Allibaih Mohammad , AL-Rabia Mohammed Wanees , Abu Ibrahim Ismail , Alsanea Mohammad , Azhar Ahmad Saeed
Published: February 2023

Background: Providing instant care for life-saving or rescuing the injured or sick people requires having a considerable amount of first aid (FA) knowledge and experience. The current work sheds some light on the current status of Saudi family members’ first aid knowledge and experience aiming at reaching a sustainable decrease in the number of deaths and unnecessary losses. Methodology: A questionnaire was used to collect (N=447) participants’ information 35.6% (159/447) males and 64.4% (288/447) females from a number of Saudi cities. The collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS v 25. Results: The results showed that 48.3% (216/447) of the participants have good FA experience and only 7.2% (32/447) have excellent FA experience. The majority of the participants 65.3% (292/447) were not FA-certified, 22.8% (102/447) attended an FA course, and 11.9% (53/447) were certified first aiders. 93.7% (419/447) of the participants think that the community’s FA awareness is low. The results also reported statistically significant association between being related to health care sector and FA experience χ2(3) = 56.8, p = 0.000, witnessing accidents and gender v χ2(7) = 19.1, p = 0.008, and having got FA tools and FA experience χ2(3) = 28.5, p = 0.000. Conclusion: The current study’s results along with numerous similar research provoke a public outcry to take practical steps towards enhancing a sustainable community’s FA education through campaigns, workshops, and training courses.
Total Spinal after Posterior Lumber Plexus Block, Case Report
Authors: Ali Mohammad Eid , Alnjadat Rafi , Beshr Neama Ahmed
Published: February 2023

Patients can undergo lower extremity surgery by using the lumbar plexus block (LPB) technique. However, compared with central block, LPB problems were complex. For lower limb procedures, psoas compartment block is a suitable regional anaesthesia approach in place of central neuraxial blockade. As a peripheral nerve block, it is considered less dangerous than a central neuraxial block. However, it might result in some severe issues. Here, we describe a rare side effect of total spinal anaesthesia following psoas compartment block guided by a peripheral nerve stimulator.
Clinical Audit in Dentistry: Saudi Arabian Perspective
Authors: Zahrani Ahmad Al , Sikder Md. Nazmul Haq
Published: February 2023

Clinical Audit (CA) is considered as one of the great tools of quality improvement in health care practice worldwide. Despite the fact that clinical audit concept has been implemented in several countries of the world, in Saudi Arabian context it is still not a well-performed practice. As such, many health professionals of Saudi Arabia including dental practitioners are still not aware of this concept though improving the quality of preventive and therapeutic health care services is one of the targets that has been set out by the National Transformation Program (NTP) based on 2030 vision of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Hence, to improve the awareness, as well as, the knowledge of the positive implications and benefits of CA in practice, it is essential for dental professionals and other health practitioners to perceive the methodology of CA. In order to develop the quality of care and enhance evidence-based practice, activation of CA is of great importance. Hence, a clear view on the different stages in the implementation process of CA has been attempted to explain in this paper. Also, several study reports on the clinical audit in various dental specialities has been put forward in this review that may play an inspirational role for dental practitioners in grasping this procedure in providing a perfect dental health care.
The Relationship between Maternal Anemia History and Exclusive Breastfeeding with Stunting Incidence in Infants 6-12 Months in West Kupang District
Authors: Raing Elizabeth Valerie Christiani , Lada Christina Olly , Buntoro Ika Febianti , Soegianto Sugi Deny Pranoto
Published: February 2023

Background: Stunting in the infant can caused by a history of exclusive breastfeeding and report of anemia during pregnancy and can also affect growth in the first 1000 days of life. Research Objective: Research objective was to identify the relationship between the mother's history of anemia during pregnancy on the antenatal care examination and the history of exclusive breastfeeding given to infants aged 6-12 months with stunting in Kuanheun Village and Bolok Village. Method: The method is Cross-sectional. This research was assess in august-September 2022. The total number of respondents was 39 people. The inclusion criteria used; like to become research respondents, respondents who had toddlers aged 6-12 months in Kuanheun Village and Bolok Village, and respondents who brought Maternal and Child Health (MCH) books of the study subject. The data type used was the history of Antenatal Care (ANC) in the mother's MCH book and anthropometric measurements on the infant. Results: Spearman's rho test there was no significant association between the history of ANC K4 anemia and the incidence of stunting in infants 6-12 months p = 0.7 >0,05 and there was no significant association between the history of exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of stunting in infants 6-12 months p = 0.1 >0,05. Conclusion: There is no relationship between the report of anemia in ANC K4 and the history of exclusive breastfeeding with the incidence of stunting in infants aged 6-12 months in Kuanheun Village and Bolok Village.
Computed Tomography Findings in Acute Stroke Patients: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Perveen Dr. Rosy , Rahman Dr. Habibur , Islam AFMS , Khan Dr. Ruksana P.
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Stroke, or "cerebrovascular accident," is a medical disorder in which the brain's cells die due to insufficient blood flow. Successful stroke treatment varies according to the type of stroke, whether an infarct or a bleed, and it can be lethal without brain damage. Objective: The study aim was to compare clinical stroke diagnosis with computed tomography (CT) scan findings to determine stroke type (hemorrhagic or Ischemic). Method: This was a cross-sectional type of observational study conducted at the Department of Radiology & Imaging in Medical College for Women and Hospital (MCWH), Uttara and Catharsis Hospital, Pubail, Dhaka from January 2018 to December 2020. A total of 120 patients from the inclusion criteria were taken for the study purpose. Data of clinical diagnosis were compared individually with CT findings. Result: Out of 120 patients, 84 were males and 36 were females and they were in the age range of 20-80 years. Clinically 52 patients were suspected to have cerebral infarction, 38 intracerebral bleeds and 30 indeterminate. CT scan of the brain showed 58 cerebral infarcts, 42 intracerebral hemorrhages, 06 space-occupying lesions and 14 hemorrhagic infarcts. Conclusion: The study found that CT should be the first thing to do when a person has a stroke because it's easy, quick, and accurate at figuring out what happened.
Review Artikel : Hubungan Pemberian Imunisasi Bcg Terhadap Penyakit Tuberkulosis Pada Anak
Authors: Putri Tintia Rafika , Hilmi Indah Laily , Salman Salman
Published: February 2023

Tuberkulosis merupakan salah satu penyakit yang sering menyerang manusia terutama anak-anak atau bayi, dan tuberculosis menjadi salah satu penyebab kematian tertinggi di dunia, Indonesia menempati urutan kedua sebagai negara dengan kasus tuberkulosis terbanyak di dunia. Tuberkulosis sering di sebut penyakit infeksi yang mudah menular antar manusia, dan tuberkulosis disebabkan oleh bakteri Mycobaterium tuberculosis. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui studi Pustaka pada bulan Oktober 2022 melalui analisis deskriptif dan menemukan hasil bahwa imunisasi BCG tidak bisa menyembuhkan TBC tetapi dapat mencegah atau mengurangi resiko terkena penyakit tuberkulosis. Bakteri Mycobacterium bovine yang terkandung dalam imunisasi BCG memicu system imun agar menghasilkan sel-sel yang dapat melindungi dari bakteri penyebab tuberculosis. Oleh sebab itu, pemberian imunisasi pada anak-anak sangat diperhatikan oleh orang tua dan tenaga kesehatan agar anak tidak mudah tertular bakteri penyebab tuberculosis, dan petugas kesehatan disarankan meningkatkan program imunisasi serta mengontrol pasien dengan keluhan penyakit paru-paru anak agar tidak terjadi penularan penyakit.
Artikel Review: Tinjauan Pemilihan Obat Antipiretik untuk Anak-Anak
Authors: Fatan Fira Aulia , Hilmi Indah Laily , Salman Salman
Published: February 2023

Ketika berada dalam kesehatan fisik yang baik, manusia dapat dengan mudah melakukan berbagai aktivitas. Namun ada kalanya tubuh tidak dapat beraktivitas seperti biasa dikarnakan tubuh terpapar penyakit yang biasanya diawali dengan adanya gejala-gejala yang dapat dirasakan. Demam merupakan gejala dari timbulnya penyakit dengan meningkatnya suhu tubuh diatas normal (>38°C). Untuk mengatasi demam yang terjadi pada anak, dapat dilakukan terapi farmakologi maupun non farmakologi. Terapi farmakologi yaitu dengan memberikan obat penurun demam. Obat demam yang sering digunakan yaitu golongan antipiretik, contohnya adalah parasetamol atau ibuprofen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji obat antipiretik apakah yang paling sering dipilih untuk pengobatan demam pada anak-anak. Metode dalam studi ini adalah systematic review yang ditelusuri melalui Google Scholar dan PubMed dengan rentang terbit 10 tahun yaitu terbitan tahun 2012 hingga 2022. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa paracetamol dan ibuprofen memang menjadi pilihan pertama untuk pengobatan demam pada anak. Pada pemilihan penggunaan antipiretik ini masih berimbang antara paracetamol atau ibuprofen, hal tersebut dipengaruhi oleh faktor pengetahuan, mulai dari informasi yang didapat melalui pencarian pribadi, informasi dari kerabat maupun dari resep dokter yang pernah diterima.
Peningkatan Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar IPA Melalui Video Pembelajaran Pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Utomo Aslim , Rahman MS Khabibur , Sumarsih Esi
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan Motivasi belajar dan hasil belajar siswa muatan pelajaran IPA melalui penggunaan Video Pembelajaran pada siswa kelas V SD Negeri 02 Wonoboyo. Subjek penelitian adalah 10 siswa, Subjek pelaksana tindakan adalah peneliti sebagai observer. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui teknik observasi, dokumentasi dan tes. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif komparatif. Hasil penelitian ini adalah menunjukkan adanya sebuah peningkatan motivasi belajar dan hasil belajar muatan pelajaran IPA pada siswa kelas V melalui media Video Pembelajaran hal ini dapat dilihat dari peningkatan motivasi belajar siswa kelas V sebelum tindakan rendah, siklus I katagori Sedang sebanyak persentasenya 52%, dan pada siklus II katagori tinggi sebanyak persentasenya 80%. Untuk hasil belajar siswa kelas V pada muatan pelajaran IPA meningkat, sebelum tindakan  hasil belajar siswa yang mencapai KKM (≥75) sebanyak 2 siswa atau persentase ketuntasan sebanyak 20%, siklus I sebanyak 5 siswa atau 50%, pada siklus II sebanyak 9 siswa atau 90%. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penggunaan media Video Pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar dan hasil belajar muatan pelajaran IPA pada siswa kelas V SD Negeri 02 Wonoboyo Semester II Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021.
THE IMPORTANCE OF SUGAMMADEX AT POSTOPERATIVE RESIDUAL NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCK
Authors: Bryam Esteban Coello García  , Diana Carolina Martínez Pesántez  , Erick Alberto Ortíz Mora  , Sven Petronio Muñoz Vélez  , Esteban Fabricio Torres Soliz  , Paula Belén Alvarez Orellana
Published: February 2023

Introduction: postoperative residual neuromuscular blockade is the postoperative muscle paralysis caused by incomplete or null antagonism of neuromuscular blocking agents. Post-surgical residual paralysis (PORP) has a high incidence and may cause adverse effects, increasing postoperative morbidity and mortality. The gold standard for complete reversal of neuromuscular blockade is a T4/T1 ratio of 0.9. Small degrees of paralysis are associated with an increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Recent research indicates that residual neuromuscular blockade is a significant risk factor for patient safety.
Objective: to detail the current information related to postoperative residual paralysis, in addition to explaining the use and characteristics of sugammadex in its reversal.
Methodology: a total of 45 articles were analyzed in this review, including review and original articles, as well as clinical cases, of which 35 bibliographies were used because the other articles were not relevant for this study. The sources of information were PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane; the terms used to search for information in Spanish, Portuguese and English were: postoperative residual neuromuscular block, postoperative muscle weakness, sugammadex, anticholinesterase inhibitors.
Results: Neuromuscular block occurs due to muscle fragility in the postoperative period due to antagonism, which produces a decrease in the musculature of the upper and lower airways. When this phase is properly managed, extubation delays are reduced, and postoperative pulmonary complications are reduced. Sugammadex is a relaxant that decreases the possibility of persistent neuromuscular paralysis; as neuromuscular blockade increases, contraction decreases. Therefore, when this drug is used, the risk of adverse effects, mostly respiratory, is avoided. This drug inactivates rocuronium, and the adverse effects it presents (although very infrequent) are dysgeusia, cough, grimacing or increased secretion through the endotracheal tube.
Conclusions: sugammadex is suggested to be used before neostigmine, although it should be used in patients with high risk of postoperative complications, such as patients over 80 years of age or with post cardiothoracic surgery. However, sugammadex reverses neuromuscular blockade more rapidly, with a decrease in the frequency of residual neuromuscular blockade and postoperative pulmonary complications such as pneumonias. A point to consider is that sugammadex is more expensive and is usually accompanied by higher presentations of adverse effects.
KEY WORDS: sugammadex, paralysis, residual, postoperative, antagonism, neuromuscular.
ATTITUDE OF GRADE VI PUPILS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ONLINE DISTANCE LEARNING
Authors: Byron C. Balois
Published: February 2023

This study sought to determine the attitude among Grade VI pupils in the implementation of online distance learning of Borongan City Division in school year 2020-2021. Specifically, it aimed to identify their reading abilities and their association with their attitude toward online distance learning. To address the objectives, this study used a correlational design. A total of 217 Grade 6 pupils from the five districts of Borongan City Division served as respondents of this study. A survey questionnaire was adapted to gather necessary data on the reading levels of learners and their attitudes toward the online distance learning modality. Meanwhile, inferential statistics such as Pearson r Coefficient were used to identify the association between the reading levels of pupils and their attitude toward online learning which was found to have a significant relationship.
KEYWORD: attitude, online distance learning, correlation
Polski Żyd: Jakub Appenszlak jako krytyk teatralny
Authors: Godlewska Joanna
Published: February 2023

Portret Jakuba Appenszlaka (1894–1950), żydowskiego krytyka piszącego po polsku. Appenszlak w okresie międzywojennym publikował recenzje z przedstawień w teatrach polskich i żydowskich w dzienniku Nasz Przegląd, którego był redaktorem.
The rise of a new transnational political nation: the Belarusian diaspora and its leaders after the 2020 protests
Authors: Jaroszewicz Marta , Lesińska Magdalena , Homel Kseniya
Published: February 2023

When an authoritarian country lacks opportunities for free political activity, the diaspora and its leaders often take on the role of the democratic opposition against the authoritarian government and act as a political force for democratization. Although political activity abroad is very challenging and limited per se, the example of the Belarusian diaspora and its leaders demonstrates that they can play the role of an internationally recognized political entity. The pro-democratic activity of the Belarusian diaspora focuses on three main areas: the continuation of resistance against the authoritarian regime, the advancement of political representation, and the development of a credible democratic alternative including a political program for a future democratic Belarus. Yet the Russian aggression against Ukraine has put Belarusian opposition abroad at the front of a dilemma as to whether they should also take on a clear nation-building in the new geopolitical context.