bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Erratum: Pengaruh Bahan Ajar Pendidikan Jasmani Terintegrasi dengan ISMUBA Bagi Siswa SD Muhammadiyah
Authors: Widodo Agung , Aziz Muhammad Thariq
Published: April 2020

Correction to: JUARA: Jurnal Olahraga

 

https://doi.org/10.33222/juara.v4i2.499

 

This article was originally published using English metadata in the article title and this is our fault. but now the article metadata has been changed in Indonesian and appears correctly in the current article.
Erratum: Perbandingan Jenis Pola Minum Terhadap Status Hidrasi Pada Remaja Laki-Laki Dan Perempuan
Authors: Febiyanti Grisna , Ashadi Kunjung
Published: April 2020

Correction to: JUARA: Jurnal Olahraga

 

https://doi.org/10.33222/juara.v4i2.562

 

This article was originally published using English metadata in the article title and this is our fault. but now the article metadata has been changed in Indonesian and appears correctly in the current article.
Erratum: Intensitas VO2max Melalui Interval Training dan Circuit Training
Authors: Dahlan Firmansyah , Alimuddin Alimuddin
Published: April 2020

Correction to: JUARA: Jurnal Olahraga

 

https://doi.org/10.33222/juara.v4i2.581

 

This article was originally published using English metadata in the article title and this is our fault. but now the article metadata has been changed in Indonesian and appears correctly in the current article.
Erratum: Perbandingan Sport Massage dan Hydrotherapy Cold Water Terhadap Physiological Recovery
Authors: Fahmi Hawin , Ashadi Kunjung
Published: April 2020

Correction to: JUARA: Jurnal Olahraga

 

https://doi.org/10.33222/juara.v4i2.566

 

This article was originally published using English metadata in the article title and this is our fault. but now the article metadata has been changed in Indonesian and appears correctly in the current article.
Erratum: Pengaruh Small-Sided Games Terhadap Kapasitas Aerobik (Vo2 Max) Pemain Sepakbola
Authors: Hadiana Oman , Muhtarom Didi , Nurdiansyah Dani
Published: April 2020

Correction to: JUARA: Jurnal Olahraga

 

https://doi.org/10.33222/juara.v4i2.635

 

This article was originally published using English metadata in the article title and this is our fault. but now the article metadata has been changed in Indonesian and appears correctly in the current article.
Detecting Indicators of Horizontal Collusion in Public Procurement with Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Molchanova Glafira O. , Rey Alexey I. , Shagarov Dmitry Yu.
Published: April 2020

Improvement of procurement procedures and their digitization help prevent and identify cartels, but at the same time lead to the emergence of new anticompetitive schemes. In this paper we focus on electronic auctions, which have become the main method of public procurement in Russia in recent years. As e-auctions provide access to many big government orders; the incentives for bidders to join anti-competitive agreements are increased. Therefore, the development of methods to detect bid rigging at electronic auctions is of high practical importance. The aim of this work was to develop a method for detecting signs of horizontal collusion at an auction. We use machine learning methods to train classifiers that predict the presence or absence of cartel in electronic auctions, depending on the distribution of bidders, the time of submission of applications, the duration of the auction and the number of participants. Variables for the model were selected on the basis of distribution plots built for sample of cartels and random sample. The study is based on data from public procurement Web portal and the information about bid rigging from cases of the Federal Antimonopoly Service. The results showed that the Random forest model most accurately predicts the detection of the cartels on electronic auctions. The accuracy of the prediction is 84%, and the recall and precision of the model are 83 and 87%, respectively. The most significant variables for the classification are the level of price reduction, the difference in the time of application filing of participants and the value of the maximum starting price of contract.
On the Specifics of Entrepreneurship Perception by University Students
Authors: Vinokurova Natalia A. , Svetlov Nikolai M.
Published: April 2020

On the base of the survey in two universities in Voronezh (680 students) the hypothesis is rejected that students, in accordance with J. Schumpeter's interpretation of entrepreneurial activity, associate entrepreneurship with innovations. It is found that the student's perception of entrepreneurship in the Russian cultural and linguistic environment differs from the Schumpeterian one. Although the inclination to joining entrepreneurship in the future is widespread among the students, they are not ready to innovate. Students perceive entrepreneurship primarily as a pathway to financial security and personal well-being. Respondents tend to neglect socially significant aspects of entrepreneurship.It is revealed that the students miss a holistic system of views and priorities regarding to their careers. Personal interests and motivations prevail over business inclinations. This is expressed in the students' career preferences, which incline to the ability to combine business and personal life, to the pursuit of financial security, material well-being, avoiding difficulties. As a rule, students prefer interesting and creative work. Hard work and education as factors of success in their future professional careers are valued low.At the same time, weak social inclinations are manifested. Mutual assistance and cooperation as factors of professional progress are rated low. Also, the students are not inclined to work much and hard for the sake of public benefits. Prevailing not only personal interests as compared to the social, but even personal as compared to professional is an obstacle to the students joining the innovative entrepreneurship, requiring the priority of business and professional interests. The low interest to continuing family business reflects the young people's desire to independence, to free choice of path. This indirectly indicates their deviation from traditional values (which are considered to be characteristic of the Russian culture in the past) and about the growth of their individualism.
Innovative Approach to Information Search by Example of a Patent Analysis of an Important Substitution Plan
Authors: Milkova Maria A.
Published: April 2020

Nowadays the process of information accumulation is so rapid that the concept of the usual iterative search requires revision. Being in the world of oversaturated information in order to comprehensively cover and analyze the problem under study, it is necessary to make high demands on the search methods. An innovative approach to search should flexibly take into account the large amount of already accumulated knowledge and a priori requirements for results. The results, in turn, should immediately provide a roadmap of the direction being studied with the possibility of as much detail as possible. The approach to search based on topic modeling, the so-called topic search, allows you to take into account all these requirements and thereby streamline the nature of working with information, increase the efficiency of knowledge production, avoid cognitive biases in the perception of information, which is important both on micro and macro level. In order to demonstrate an example of applying topic search, the article considers the task of analyzing an import substitution program based on patent data. The program includes plans for 22 industries and contains more than 1,500 products and technologies for the proposed import substitution. The use of patent search based on topic modeling allows to search immediately by the blocks of a priori information – terms of industrial plans for import substitution and at the output get a selection of relevant documents for each of the industries. This approach allows not only to provide a comprehensive picture of the effectiveness of the program as a whole, but also to visually obtain more detailed information about which groups of products and technologies have been patented.
Conference of Laureates and Fellows of the International Science Foundation for Economic Research Academician N.P. Fedorenko 2019
Authors: Afanasyev Anton A. , Ponomareva Olga S.
Published: April 2020

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Economic Analysis of “Garbage Conflicts” (The Example of Modern Russia)
Authors: Khovavako Irina Yu.
Published: April 2020

The article is devoted to the economic analysis of conflicts related to the disposal of municipal solid waste. A wave of protests, both against garbage dumps and against the construction of incineration plants, overwhelmed Moscow suburbs in the summer of 2017. These protests are a form of environmental conflict and are well described by the theory of external effects. This theory allows us to identify and evaluate the real economic costs of various waste disposal options which the decision makers do not take into account. The article analyzes quantitative estimates of the external effects of the most common waste management methods – landfilling and incineration. It is shown that the distribution of external costs between the source of externalities and recipients forms an objective economic basis of “garbage conflicts”. These are important social markers of unsustainability. The concept of sustainable development requires a transition to a higher level in the hierarchy of waste management methods – the processing and reuse of waste, for which incineration is a competitor. Western countries imposed a moratorium on the construction of new incineration plants and strengthened modernization requirements to the remaining plants. Despite this fact the Russian government proposes a strategy based on outdated technologies of incineration. The environmental characteristics of these new plants are inferior to the Western ones. In this regard, we can expect only an increase in the protest activity of the population, which can be stopped only by developing a really science-based concept of solid waste management.
Estimation of Competitiveness of Single-Industry Towns of the Samara Region
Authors: Kuzhanbaeva Julia Rishatovna , Kuzhanbaev Rustam Taufihovich , Guseva Maria S.
Published: April 2020

In order to prevent negative socio-economic trends, to predict the social consequences of decisions on the implementation of state policy in the development of single-industry territories, public authorities monitor the socio-economic situation in single-industry towns based on an assessment of a number of statistical indicators. Such a differentiated assessment of statistical parameters does not allow a comprehensive assessment of the level of development and competitiveness of a single-industry town by territory, which is of particular relevance in modern conditions of glocalization. Of particular scientific and practical interest is a comparative analysis of the level of development of single-industry towns on the basis of an integral indicator that takes into account aspects of various spheres of life of the population and allows an objective assessment of the competitive positions of single-industry territories, which is currently not used by state authorities for monitoring. The purpose of the work is to assess and justify the conditions and development trends of single-industry towns of the Samara region on the basis of calculating the integral indicator of competitiveness, taking into account the level of development of the economy, finance, employment, social security and demography, as well as the mono-profile level of territories. In this study, we used the methods of system analysis, the method of comparisons and analogies, the method of generalization, the methods of dialectic and statistical analysis, the method of expert estimates, the method of retrospective estimates and structural-dynamic analysis. The paper provides an overview of the single-industry towns of the regions of the Volga Federal District; the results of testing the methodology for assessing the competitiveness of single-industry towns of the Samara region on the basis of an integral indicator are presented and trends in its change in the period 2013–2017 are identified. The study involved four single-industry towns of the Samara region: Oktyabrsk, Pohvistnevo, Tolyatti, Chapaevsk. The calculations showed that For five years Oktyabrsk was an outsider in four of the six areas under study (economics, labor, social services, demography), which led to the lowest competitiveness index and allowed us to identify the competitiveness of a single-industry town as “below average”. In relatively equal socio-economic conditions, there were Pohvistnevo, Togliatti and Chapaevsk, the level of competitiveness of which is “above average”.
Relationship between Cross-Border Mergers and Acquisitions and International Trade: The Case of Russian Pharmaceutical Industry
Authors: Chugunova Alexandra V. , Klochko Olga A.
Published: April 2020

This research studies the relationship of cross-border mergers and acquisitions to international trade through the lens of Russian pharmaceutical market. To this aim, the study analyses the woks of foreign economists dedicated to evaluating the link between foreign direct investment and international trade, and the influence of mergers and acquisitions on countries’ export and import flows. The research also presents a correlation analysis between the volume of Russian pharmaceutical exports and imports and cross-border deals performed by foreign pharmaceutical companies in Russia. We characterize these deals and conduct a comparative analysis of the regional structure of Russian pharmaceutical exports and imports as well as of the countries of origin of buyers in cross-border mergers and acquisitions. The results of the analysis indicate a positive relationship between cross-border mergers and acquisitions and Russian pharmaceutical exports, which is reflected in the export volume growth and its geographical diversification. However, it is outlined that particular problems of the industry hinder the amelioration of Russian positions in international exports. Similarly, the relationship between cross-border deals and Russian imports is positive: the major pharmaceutical products supply flow occurs from the countries of origin of buyers in cross-border mergers and acquisitions conducted in the Russian pharmaceutical sector.
Concept of Accounting Development in the System of Management in Companies’ With Government Participation
Authors: Bodyako Anna V.
Published: April 2020

In the context of geopolitical cataclysms, the institutions of macroeconomic regulation of tactics and strategies for the development of large economic complexes under Federal ownership perform an important regulatory mission-to ensure the stable development of the Russian market space. The effectiveness of state and corporate measures for regulating financial and property control processes is determined, other things being equal, by the quality of accounting and analytical information generated from various sources. This means that the methodology and information support for control procedures should be based on a time-appropriate concept of accounting and control processes in the management system for the development of companies with state participation.The article analyzes the positive and negative prerequisites for updating management systems and their information support for adapting the corporate financial and economic management system to new realities. Based on the analysis of the current situation and studying the experience of companies with state participation are formed the author's position updated “concept of accounting and control processes in the management system development of companies with state participation”, which are as follows: formulated new definitions of the terms in the context of methodology of development of accounting and control processes; the conditions for expanding information boundaries are defined by combining state financial control and internal corporate control, including in the methods of investigating the causes of financial discipline violations, methods of internal corporate control, corporate tax monitoring, and analysis control methods, which is facilitated by the current level of IT technology development and further digitalization of the economy. It is concluded that it is necessary to adopt a law on financial control for national purposes, which is still not available in the country's legal practice. This Law should contain an institutionally recognized and clearly defined term “financial control”, as well as features of control procedures at the national and corporate levels.
Atropine 0.01% as a Potential Myopia Prevention in Children with Dosage Effectivity Comparison: a Literature Review
Authors: Ivan Ignatius , Stella Maureen Miracle , Santosa Mariani
Published: April 2020

Myopia (long-sightedness) is one of the many problems of vision disorder occurring around the world and being 1 in 5 eye conditions that becoming a priority at the World Health Organization's Global Intitiative for the Elimination of Avoidable Blindness. Many methods of preventing myopia development have been sought. Atropine is an alkaloid derived herbal plant Atropa belladonna which acts as a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist that has a strong nonselective competitive affinity on the five types of muskarinic acetylcholine receptors (M1-M5) that weaken the muscles of the ciliary and iris and causes the reduction of accommodation and the occurrence of pupil dilation. Recent research found that with the use of low dose atropine (0.01%), in addition to the side effects inflicted more minimal, effectiveness in the long time period shows better results. Until now, the  mechanism of atropine is still experiencing debate whether working on an accommodating or non-accommodating pathway. But recent research suggests the possibility of working mechanism of this drug is through a non-accommodating pathway i.e. on GABAergic, dopaminergic as well as involving nitric oxide (NO) role to help inhibit the progression of myopia. In research and advanced scientific studies, it can be researched regarding the pathways of atropine mechanism and its advantages and disadvantages at any dose of atropine given to myopia sufferers using the latest literature sources.
Hubungan Invasi Miometrium pada Karsinoma Ednometrium dengan Invasi Limfovaskular dan Grade Histologik
Authors: Christina Shintia , Kartika Setyaningsih Chandra , Pelita Sukma Hermawan Puspa
Published: April 2020

Latar Belakang : Karsinoma endometrium menduduki urutan keenam kanker pada wanita. Faktor prediktor prognosis pada karsinoma endomerium adalah grade histologik, invasi miometrium dan invasi limfovaskular. Kejadian metastasis kelenjar getah bening melalui limfovaskular pada karsinoma endometrium meningkat dengan adanya invasi tumor ke miometrium yang lebih dalam. Tujuan : Pada penelitian ini ingin diketahui apakah invasi miometrium mempunyai hubungan dengan invasi limfovaskular dan grade histologik. Apakah semakin tinggi grade histologik maka kejadian invasi miometrium dan invasi limfovaskular semakin meningkat ? Metodologi : Penelitian analitik kategorik tidak berpasangan dan retrospektif dengan menilai ulang slide histopatologik pada karsinoma endometrium di RSUD Tarakan. Penilaian ulang meliputi grade histologik, invasi miometrium dan invasi limfovaskular. Hasil : Didapatkan hubungan yang bermakna antara invasi miometrium dengan kejadian invasi limfovaskular (p=0,029). Hubungan derajat histologik dengan kejadian invasi miometrium dan invasi limfovaskular didapatkan tidak bermakna pada penelitian ini.  Kesimpulan : Semakin tinggi grade histologik tidak meningkatkan kemungkin invasi ke miometrium maupun invasi limfovaskular, sedangkan invasi ke miometrium yang lebih dari setengah ketebalan miometrium meningkatkan kemungkinan adanya invasi limfovaskular yang berarti meningkatkan risiko metastasis.
Hubungan Paparan Informasi Dengan Pengetahuan Pengendalian Vektor Nyamuk DBD di Desa Koper, Kecamatan Kresek, Kabupaten Tangerang
Authors: Ernawati Kholis , Widianti Dini , Yusnita Yusnita , Batubara Lilian , Jannah Fathul , Rifqaatusa'adah Rifqaatusa'adah , Pribadi Mahardhika Zwasta
Published: April 2020

Angka kejadian DBD cenderung terus meningkat dan upaya penanggulangannya memerlukan peran serta masyarakat dalam pengendalian nyamuk vector DBD. Pengetahuan masyarakat berpengaruh pada perubahan perilaku seseorang. Paparan informasi adalah salah satu yang berpengaruh terhadap tingkat pengetahuan. Tujuan penelitian adalah meneliti hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan paparan insformasi masyarakat dalam pengendalian vektor nyamuk DBD di Desa Koper, Kecamatan Kresek, Kabupaten Tangerang.Penelitian termasuk deskriptif analitik dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Lokasi penelitian adalah desa Koper, Kecamatan Kresek, Kabupaten Tegal Angus dan termasuk keluarga binaan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas YARSI. Responden adalah anggota keluarga binaan dari 22 keluarga yang berusia ? 17 tahun berjumlah 68 orang dan diambil semua (total sampling).Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Agustus – September 2018.Data variabel pengetahuan dan paparan informasi dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode analisis bivariat.Pengetahuan responden tentang pengendalian vektor nyamuk DBD yang paling banyak adalah pengetahuan kategori kurang sebesar 76,5%. Jumlah responden dengan paparan informasi  kurang paling banyak yaitu 95,6%. Hasil analisis bivariate menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan paparan informasi dalam pengendalian vector nyamuk DBD (p value = 0,000).Terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan responden tentang pengendalian vektor nyamuk DBD dengan  paparan informasi yang didapat oleh responden di desa Koper, Kecamatan Kresek, kabupaten Tangerang.
Nerve Stretch Injury Induced Pain Pattern and Changes in Sensory Ganglia in a Clinically Relevant Model of Limb-Lengthening in Rabbits
Authors: PAP K. , BERTA Á. , SZŐKE G. , DUNAY M. , NÉMETH T. , HORNOK K. , MAROSFŐI L. , RÉTHELYI M. , KOZSUREK M. , PUSKÁR Z.
Published: April 2020

We used a model of tibial lengthening in rabbits to study the postoperative pain pattern during limb-lengthening and morphological changes in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG), including alteration of substance P (SP) expression. Four groups of animals (naïve; OG: osteotomized only group; SDG/FDG: slow/fast distraction groups, with 1 mm/3 mm lengthening a day, respectively) were used. Signs of increasing postoperative pain were detected until the 10th postoperative day in OG/SDG/FDG, then they decreased in OG but remained higher in SDG/FDG until the distraction finished, suggesting that the pain response is based mainly on surgical trauma until the 10th day, while the lengthening extended its duration and increased its intensity. The only morphological change observed in the DRGs was the presence of large vacuoles in some large neurons of OG/SDG/FDG. Cell size analysis of the S1 DRGs showed no cell loss in any of the three groups; a significant increase in the number of SP-positive large DRG cells in the OG; and a significant decrease in the number of SP-immunoreactive small DRG neurons in the SDG/FDG. Faster and larger distraction resulted in more severe signs of pain sensation, and further reduced the number of SP-positive small cells, compared to slow distraction.
Uridine – An Indicator of Post-Exercise Uric Acid Concentration and Blood Pressure
Authors: DUDZINSKA W. , LUBKOWSKA A. , DOLEGOWSKA B. , SUSKA M. , JANIAK M.
Published: April 2020

Studies have shown that uridine concentration in plasma may be an indicator of uric acid production in patients with gout. It has been also postulated that uridine takes part in blood pressure regulation. Since physical exercise is an effective tool in treatment and prevention of cardio-vascular diseases that are often accompanied by hyperuricemia and hypertension, it seemed advisable to attempt to evaluate the relationship between oxypurine concentrations (Hyp, Xan and UA) and that of Urd and BP after physical exercise in healthy subjects. Sixty healthy men (17.2±1.71 years, BMI 23.2±2.31 kg m−2, VO2max 54.7±6.48 ml kg−1 min−1) took part in the study. The subjects performed a single maximal physical exercise on a bicycle ergometer. Blood for analyses was sampled three times: immediately before exercise, immediately after exercise, and in the 30th min of rest. Concentrations of uridine and hypoxanthine, xanthine and uric acid were determined in whole blood using high-performance liquid chromatography. We have shown in this study that the maximal exercise-induced increase of uridine concentration correlates with the post-exercise increase of uric acid concentration and systolic blood pressure. The results of our study show a relationship between uridine concentration in blood and uric acid concentration and blood pressure. We have been the first to demonstrate that a maximal exercise-induced increase in uridine concentration is correlated with the post-exercise and recovery-continued increase of uric acid concentration in healthy subjects. Thus, it appears that uridine may be an indicator of post-exercise hyperuricemia and blood pressure.
Chemical Sympathectomy Restores Baroreceptor-Heart Rate Reflex and Heart Rate Variability in Rats With Chronic Nitric Oxide Deficiency
Authors: CHASWAL M. , DAS S. , PRASAD J. , KATYAL A. , FAHIM M.
Published: April 2020

Nitric oxide (NO) plays a crucial role not only in regulation of blood pressure but also in maintenance of cardiac autonomic tone and its deficiency induced hypertension is accompanied by cardiac autonomic dysfunction. However, underlying mechanisms are not clearly defined. We hypothesized that sympathetic activation mediates hemodynamic and cardiac autonomic changes consequent to deficient NO synthesis. We used chemical sympathectomy by 6-hydroxydopamine to examine the influence of sympathetic innervation on baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and heart rate variability (HRV) of chronic NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) treated adult Wistar rats. BRS was determined from heart rate responses to changes in systolic arterial pressure achieved by intravenous administration of phenylephrine and sodium nitroprusside. Time and frequency domain measures of HRV were calculated from 5-min electrocardiogram recordings. Chronic L-NAME administration (50 mg/kg per day for 7 days orally through gavage) in control rats produced significant elevation of blood pressure, tachycardia, attenuation of BRS for bradycardia and tachycardia reflex and fall in time as well as frequency domain parameters of HRV. Sympathectomy completely abolished the pressor as well as tachycardic effect of chronic L-NAME. In addition, BRS and HRV improved after removal of sympathetic influence in chronic L-NAME treated rats. These results support the concept that an exaggerated sympathetic activity is the principal mechanism of chronic L NAME hypertension and associated autonomic dysfunction.
Effect of Fetal Undernutrition and Postnatal Overfeeding on Rat Adipose Tissue and Organ Growth at Early Stages of Postnatal Development
Authors: MUÑOZ-VALVERDE D. , RODRÍGUEZ-RODRÍGUEZ P. , GUTIERREZ-ARZAPALO P. Y. , LÓPEZ DE PABLO A. L. , CARMEN GONZÁLEZ M. , LÓPEZ-GIMÉNEZ R. , SOMOZA B. , ARRIBAS S. M.
Published: April 2020

Intrauterine and perinatal life are critical periods for programming of cardiometabolic diseases. However, their relative role remains controversial. We aimed to assess, at weaning, sex-dependent alterations induced by fetal or postnatal nutritional interventions on key organs for metabolic and cardiovascular control. Fetal undernutrition was induced by dam food restriction (50 % from mid-gestation to delivery) returning to ad libitum throughout lactation (Maternal Undernutrition, MUN, 12 pups/litter). Postnatal overfeeding (POF) was induced by litter size reduction from normally fed dams (4 pups/litter). Compared to control, female and male MUN offspring exhibited: 1) low birth weight and accelerated growth, reaching similar weight and tibial length by weaning, 2) increased glycemia, liver and white fat weights; 3) increased ventricular weight and tendency to reduced kidney weight (males only). Female and male POF offspring showed: 1) accelerated growth; 2) increased glycemia, liver and white fat weights; 3) unchanged heart and kidney weights. In conclusion, postnatal accelerated growth, with or without fetal undernutrition, induces early alterations relevant for metabolic disease programming, while fetal undernutrition is required for heart abnormalities. The progression of cardiac alterations and their role on hypertension development needs to be evaluated. The similarities between sexes in pre-pubertal rats suggest a role of sex-hormones in female protection against programming.
Prophylactic Inhalation of L-Alanyl-L-Glutamine Enhances Heat Shock Protein 72 and Attenuates Endotoxin-Induced Lung Injury in Rats
Authors: CHUANG I.-C. , HUANG M.-S. , HUANG L.-J. , CHOU S.-H. , TSAI T.-N. , CHEN Y.-C. , YANG R.-C.
Published: April 2020

Studies have demonstrated that heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) plays an important role in the protection of stressed organisms. The development of strategies for enhancing HSPs expression may provide novel means of minimizing inflammatory lung conditions, such as acute lung injury. This study aimed to examine the effect of L-alanyl-L-glutamine (GLN) inhalation in enhancing pulmonary HSP72 (inducible HSP70) expression and attenuating lung damage in a model of acute lung injury induced by Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inhalation. The experimental rats were randomly assigned to one of four experimental groups: (1) NS: saline inhalation; (2) NS-LPS: pretreatment by saline inhalation 12 h before LPS inhalation; (3) GLN: glutamine inhalation; (4) GLN-LPS: pretreatment by glutamine inhalation 12 h before LPS inhalation. The results show that GLN compared with saline administration, led to significant increase in lung HSP72 both in non LPS-treated rats and LPS-treated rats. In LPS-treated rats, pretreatment by GLN inhalation produced less lung injury as evidenced by the decrease in lung injury score and dramatic decrease in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and polymorphonuclear leukocyte cell differentiation counts (PMN %) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The study indicates that prophylactic glutamine inhalation associated with the enhancement of HSP72 synthesis attenuates tissue damage in experimental lung injury.
Prediction of Adrenocortical Insufficiency After Pituitary Adenoma Surgery Using Postoperative Basal Cortisol Levels
Authors: HÁNA V. , JEŽKOVÁ J. , KOSÁK M. , KRŠEK M. , MAREK J. , NETUKA D. , HILL M. , HÁNA V.
Published: April 2020

Our aim was to analyze the correlation of early postoperative cortisol levels in patients after transsphenoidal pituitary adenoma surgery compared to the standard dose ACTH test and Insulin tolerance test (ITT) several months later. We retrospectively reviewed data from 94 patients operated for pituitary adenoma in years 2009-2012. The comparison of day 7 (median) postoperative basal cortisol levels and 3.6 months (median) after pituitary adenoma surgery stimulation test – standard dose 250 µg 1-24ACTH test in 83 patients or ITT in 11 patients were performed. All 16 patients with early postoperative cortisol levels >500 nmol/l proved a sufficient response in the stimulation tests. At basal cortisol levels of 370-500 nmol/l the sufficient response was found in 96 % (27/28) of patients. In the postoperative basal cortisol levels 200-370 nmol/l we found a preserved corticotroph axis later on in 88 % (28/32) of cases. Patients with basal cortisol levels 100-200 nmol/l had a maintained corticotroph axis function in 8/11 cases – 73 %. All patients with an early postoperative basal cortisol level above 500 nmol/l proved in the stimulation tests a preserved corticotroph axis function. The interval 370-500 nmol/l showed a minimal risk of postoperative adrenal insufficiency.
In Vitro Differences of Neonatal and Later Postnatal Keratinocytes and Dermal Fibroblasts
Authors: KREJČÍ E. , KODET O. , SZABO P. , BORSKÝ J. , SMETANA K. , GRIM M. , DVOŘÁNKOVÁ B.
Published: April 2020

Skin healing process is postnatally always associated with scarring of various extent. Based on the clinical experience of plastic surgeons, the healing after lip cleft reconstruction is surprisingly almost scar-less when it is carried out within a few first days after birth. This phenomenon is not seen in delayed cases. In order to decipher causative mechanism, we have isolated and studied principal cell populations, keratinocytes and fibroblast, from residual tissue samples after reconstructive operation (N=39) performed at various age (0-9 years). These cells play the pivotal role in the healing and that is why we focused on description of their phenotype and also functionality with respect to age. We have identified a population of remarkably small cells in explants from newborns (day 0-10). These small cells were strongly positive for markers of low differentiated keratinocytes, keratin-8 and -19, and moreover also for vimentin. In the explants cultures from older babies this population was missing. Fibroblasts from newborns and older patients differed namely in terms of nestin expression and also in the production of extracellular matrix components. We conclude that in vitro described properties of keratinocytes and fibroblasts in newborns could participate on the almost scar-less wound healing in earliest neonatal period.
Bone Tissue as a Systemic Endocrine Regulator
Authors: ZOFKOVA I.
Published: April 2020

Bone is a target tissue for hormones, such as the sex steroids, parathormon, vitamin D, calcitonin, glucocorticoids, and thyroid hormones. In the last decade, other “non-classic” hormones that modulate the bone tissue have been identified. While incretins (GIP and GLP-1) inhibit bone remodeling, angiotensin acts to promote remodeling. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) has also been found to have anabolic effects on the skeleton by activating bone formation during embryonic development, as well as in the postnatal period of life. Bone has also been identified as an endocrine tissue that produces a number of hormones, that bind to and modulate extra-skeletal receptors. Osteocalcin occupies a central position in this context. It can increase insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity and regulate metabolism of fatty acids. Moreover, osteocalcin also influences phosphate metabolism via osteocyte-derived FGF23 (which targets the kidneys and parathyroid glands to control phosphate reabsorption and metabolism of vitamin D). Finally, osteocalcin stimulates testosterone synthesis in Leydig cells and thus may play some role in male fertility. Further studies are necessary to confirm clinically important roles for skeletal tissue in systemic regulations.
Serological Markers of Enterocyte Damage and Apoptosis in Patients With Celiac Disease, Autoimmune Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
Authors: HOFFMANOVÁ L. , SÁNCHEZ D. , HÁBOVÁ V. , ANDĚL M. , TUČKOVÁ L. , TLASKALOVÁ-HOGENOVÁ H.
Published: April 2020

Impairment of mucosal barrier integrity of small intestine might be causative in immune-mediated gastrointestinal diseases. We tested the markers of epithelial apoptosis – cytokeratin 18 caspase-cleaved fragment (cCK-18), and enterocyte damage – intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP) and soluble CD14 (sCD14) in sera of patients with untreated celiac disease (CLD), those on gluten-free diet (CLD-GFD), patients with autoimmune diabetes mellitus (T1D), T1D with insulitis (T1D/INS), and diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2D). We found elevated levels of cCK-18 (P<0.001), I-FABP (P<0.01) and sCD14 (P<0.05) in CLD when compared to healthy controls. However, the levels of cCK-18 (P<0.01) and I-FABP (P<0.01) in CLD-GFD were higher when compared with controls. Interestingly, elevated levels of cCK-18 and I-FABP were found in T2D and T1D (P<0.001), and T1D/INS (P<0.01, P<0.001). Twenty-two out of 43 CLD patients were seropositive for cCK-18, 19/43 for I-FABP and 11/43 for sCD14; 9/30 of T2D patients were positive for cCK-18 and 5/20 of T1D/INS for sCD14, while in controls only 3/41 were positive for cCK-18, 3/41 for I-FABP and 1/41 for sCD14. We documented for the first time seropositivity for sCD14 in CLD and potential usefulness of serum cCK-18 and I-FABP as markers of gut damage in CLD, CLD-GFD, and diabetes.
Ellagitannins – Compounds From Pomegranate as Possible Effector in Steroidogenesis of Rabbit Ovaries
Authors: PACKOVA D. , CARBONELL-BARRACHINA A. A. , KOLESAROVA A.
Published: April 2020

This study has observed possible effect of ellagitannins – compounds from pomegranate on process of steroidogenesis in ovaries. The aim of the study was to investigate the possible effect of punicalagin on secretion of steroid hormones – progesterone, androstenedione, testosterone and 17β-estradiol by ovarian fragments of rabbits in vitro. Ovarian fragments from sexually mature female New Zealand white rabbits (n=20) were incubated without (control group) or with punicalagin at various doses 1, 10 and 100 μg.ml−1 for 24 h. Hormones were evaluated by ELISA (The Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay). Data showed that progesterone and 17β-estradiol (but not androstenedione and testosterone) release by rabbit ovarian fragments was significantly affected by punicalagin addition at various doses. Punicalagin (at 100 μg.ml−1) significantly (P<0.05) increased progesterone secretion. On the other hand, the release of 17β-estradiol was significantly (P<0.005) decreased by punicalagin addition (at 10 μg.ml−1). Our results suggest that punicalagin could have dose-dependent impact on secretion of steroid hormones progesterone and 17β-estradiol by rabbit ovarian fragments and it may be effector in process of ovarian steroidogenesis.
A Novel Carboxymethylated Mercaptotriazinoindole Inhibitor of Aldose Reductase Interferes With the Polyol Pathway in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: SOLTESOVA PRNOVA M. , BALLEKOVA J. , GAJDOSIKOVA A. , GAJDOSIK A. , STEFEK M.
Published: April 2020

The aim of the present work was to study the effect of 3-mercapto-5H-1,2,4-triazino[5,6-b]indole-5-acetic acid (CMTI), an efficient aldose reductase inhibitor, on sorbitol accumulation in selected organs of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats in vivo. In addition, the effect of CMTI on aldose reductase back reaction and on sorbitol dehydrogenase was determined. The model of experimental diabetes in male Wistar rats induced by streptozotocin was used. Experimental diabetes was induced by triple intraperitoneal doses of streptozotocin on three consecutive days. In diabetic rats, significant elevation of sorbitol concentration in the sciatic nerve and eye lenses was recorded. CMTI administered intragastrically (50 mg/kg/day) for five consecutive days significantly inhibited sorbitol accumulation in the sciatic nerve, yet it was without effect in eye lenses of diabetic animals. For aldose reductase back reaction, the substrate affinity of glycerol to aldose reductase was one order lower than that of glyceraldehyde in forward reaction. In addition, the back reaction was much slower, characterized by Vmax value of about 30 times lower than that of the forward reaction. Inhibition of aldose reductase by CMTI was characterized by closely related IC50 values in submicromolar range for both forward and back reactions. No significant inhibition of the second enzyme of the polyol pathway, sorbitol dehydrogenase, by 100 μM CMTI was recorded (I=0.9±2.7 %, n=3). To conclude, the presented results showed the ability of CMTI to affect the polyol pathway in diabetic rats in vivo and represent thus a further step in a complex preclinical evaluation of CMTI as a potential agent for treatment of chronic diabetic complications.
“Brethren Behaving Badly: A Deviant Approach to Medieval Antifraternalism,” Speculum 85: 47-64
Authors: Geltner Guy
Published: April 2020

Examines evidence for social deviancy among members of the mendicant orders.
“Public Health and the Pre-Modern City: A Research Agenda,” History Compass 10: 231-45
Authors: Geltner Guy
Published: April 2020

How and to what extent did premodern people go about creating healthier environments? Can we reasonably talk about public health when it comes to earlier urban societies? This essay briefly surveys a few tenacious misconceptions about preventative (as opposed to curative) health care in premodern cities, and then proceeds to review a budding scholarly literature that explores how urban dwellers, organizations, and governments, especially in medieval Europe and the Near East, identified and addressed the particular health risks attendant upon their milieus. The article concludes by pointing out several fruitful directions in which this emerging historical field can develop.
“Fighting Corruption in the Italian City-State: Perugian Audit Procedures (sindacato) in the Fourteenth Century,” in A History of Anticorruption: From Antiquity to the Modern Era, ed. Ronald Kroeze, André Vitória and G. Geltner. Oxford: Oxford university Press, 103-21
Authors: Geltner Guy
Published: April 2020

While auditing practices for public officials existed in all the Italian peninsula during the communal era, they had nowhere as prominent a place, or better surviving records, as in the Italian city-states. In this chapter, the author shows that the regulation of sindacato, an end-of-term audit for urban officials, was of a kind with normative and literary discourses about accountability, good government and the common good, but argues that these cannot be seen in isolation from documentary evidence. Based on a detailed analysis of the rich judicial and administrative records from fourteenth-century Perugia, this chapter shows that the connection between accountability of office and political legitimacy implicit in the sindacato is less straightforward than commonly thought. Rather than a marker of transparent, participatory politics, the sindacato was a complex, inherently biased, often slow and ineffectual mechanism, which could conceal as much as it revealed about the administration of the city.
“Faux Semblants: Antifraternalism Reconsidered in Jean de Meun and Chaucer,” Studies in Philology 101: 357-80
Authors: Geltner Guy
Published: April 2020

"Friar" characters in medieval French and English literature re-examined.
Comparison of the effects of pramipexole and gabapentin on the treatment of restless leg syndrome in end-stage chronic renal failure patients undergoing hemodialysis
Authors: Hajian Sepideh , Rajabpoor Nikfam Mohammad Reza , Esmayeilzad Zahra
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Despite the high prevalence of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in hemodialysis patients, few studies have investigated the effect of pramipexole and gabapentin on the severity of RLS in these patients. Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the effects of pramipexole and gabapentin on the treatment of RLS in end-stage chronic renal failure patients undergoing hemodialysis. Patients and Methods: Using the diagnostic criteria the presence of RLS was investigated in all hemodialysis patients admitted to the dialysis ward of Bu Ali Sina and Velayat hospitals in Qazvin, Iran. Out of 162 patients, 96 patients had RLS and 60 patients with moderate to severe RLS were enrolled in the study. The selected patients were randomly divided into two groups including pramipexole (0.18 mg daily) and gabapentin (100 mg daily). The two groups were treated for 4 weeks. Results: The prevalence of RLS was 59% (96 out of 162 patients). After the intervention, the severity of RLS was significantly decreased in all patients and also in each of the pramipexole and gabapentin groups (P<0.001). Moreover, after the intervention, the rate of improvement in RLS severity in the pramipexole group (16.8 ± 6.5) was significantly higher than that in the gabapentin group (13.0 ± 7.3; P=0.036). Conclusion: The findings of the study showed that the severity of RLS in hemodialysis patients undergoing 4 weeks of treatment with pramipexole or gabapentin was significantly reduced; in addition, the rate of improvement in RLS severity was higher in pramipexole group.
Successful non-surgical management of bilateral emphysematous pyelonephritis despite adverse prognostic factors; report of a case and review of the literature
Authors: Yahyazadeh Seyed Reza , Soleymanian Tayebeh
Published: April 2020

Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is a rare and ominous necrotizing kidney infection mainly involving diabetic patients. While prompt medical therapy with antibiotic and percutaneous catheter drainage is mainstay of management, nephrectomy should remain for unresponsiveness situations with poor prognostic factors. We introduced the clinical course of an old male presented with bilateral EPN which was successfully treated without nephrectomy regardless of various risk factors such as thrombocytopenia, impaired consciousness, and acute renal failure.
Rapid progressive anti-GBM glomerulonephritis with multiple auto-antibodies
Authors: Micarelli David , Ranalli Teresa Valentina , Taddei Anna Rita , Solazzo Angela , Moccia Francesca , Feriozzi Sandro
Published: April 2020

Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) is a clinical syndrome manifested by progressive loss of renal function in a short period. At renal biopsy, it is characterized by crescent formation. RPGN may be associated with the presence of circulating antibodies. We report a case of type IV RPGN [ANCA and Anti–glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) antibody disease], a severe disease causing a difficult to treat picture. Our case was complicated by severe thrombocytopenia due to the use of heparin and later on by thrombotic microangiopathy. These events occurred rapidly, making the clinical framing and management decisions very hard.
Baseline HDAC6 and TFF3 proteins overexpression as prognostic markers of lupus nephritis relapse
Authors: Abdelbary Eman Hassan , Ahmed Noha Farouk , Ghorab Adel Abdelmohsen
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Lupus nephritis (LN) is a substantial manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). HDAC6 is overexpressed in various kidney diseases, and its inhibition slows kidney injury progression. Urinary TFF3 increases in chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) and may be associated with patient’s outcome. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the relationship between renal HDAC6 and TFF3 proteins expression and with clinicopathologic characteristics and outcome of LN. Patients and Methods: HDAC6 and TFF3 proteins’ expression was immunohistochemically detected in 56 cases of LN. They were correlated to patients’ age, gender, urinary 24 hours protein and serum creatinine levels at baseline and during follow up. Additionally, they were correlated to LN classes, activity index (AI) and chronicity index (CI) and relapse free survival (RFS). Results: HDAC6 overexpression was significantly associated with serum creatinine and 24 hours proteinuria levels at baseline (P = 0.041 and P =0.026 respectively) and during follow up (P < 0.001). It was associated with AI and CI of class III and IV LN (P = 0.047 and 0.003 respectively). TFF3 overexpression was associated with higher serum creatinine and more proteinuria at baseline (P = 0.015 and 0.001 respectively) and during follow up (P < 0.001). It was significantly associated with higher CI (P = 0.001). Both markers were associated with shorter RFS (P < 0.001). Conclusion: HDAC6 and TFF3 proteins are associated with clinicopathologic features of renal damage in LN. They are reliable predictors of patients’ RFS, which makes them good candidates for risk stratification of patients and targeted therapy.