bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Sugammadex Introduction on Using Neuromuscular Blockade and Endotracheal Intubation in a Pediatric Hospital: A Retrospective, Observational Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Brown Sydney E.S. , Cassidy Ruth , Zhao Xinyi , Nause-Osthoff Rebecca , Wade Meridith , Wagner Deborah , Haydar Bishr , Chimbira Wilson , Kheterpal Sachin , Colquhoun Douglas A.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND:

Sugammadex is a neuromuscular blockade (NMB) reversal agent introduced in the United States in 2016, which allows the reversal of deep NMB, not possible with neostigmine. Few data describe associated practice changes, if any, in NMB medication use that may have resulted from its availability. We hypothesized that after institutional introduction, use of NMB agents increased. Furthermore, as NMB medication is typically used when the airway has been secured with an endotracheal tube (ETT), we speculated that ETT use may have also increased over the same time period as a result of sugammadex availability.

METHODS:

This was a single-center cross-sectional study of patients ages 2 to 17 years undergoing general anesthesia for surgical cases where anesthesia providers often have discretion over NMB medication use or whether to use an ETT versus a laryngeal mask airway (LMA), comparing the time periods 2014 to 2016 (presugammadex) to 2017 to 2019 (early sugammadex) and 2020 to 2022 (established sugammadex). Outcomes included use of (1) any nondepolarizing NMB medication during the case and (2) an ETT versus LMA. We used generalized linear mixed models to examine changes in practice patterns over time. We also examined whether patient age group and in-room provider (resident versus certified registered nurse anesthetist [CRNA]) were associated with increased NMB medication or ETT use.

RESULTS:

There were 25,638 eligible anesthetics. Patient and surgical characteristics were similar across time periods. In adjusted analyses, the odds of NMB medication use increased from 2017 to 2019 (odds ratio [OR], 1.55, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.38–1.75) and 2020 to 2022 (OR, 5.62, 95% CI, 4.96–6.37) relative to 2014 to 2016, and were higher in older children (age 6–11 years vs 2–5 years OR, 1.81, 95% CI, 1.63–2.01; age 12–17 years vs 2–5 years OR, 7.01, 95% CI, 6.19–7.92) and when the primary in-room provider was a resident rather than a CRNA (OR, 1.24, 95% CI, 1.12–1.37). The odds of ETT use declined 2017 to 2019 (OR, 0.69, 95% CI, 0.63–0.75) and 2020 to 2022 (OR, 0.71, 95% CI, 0.65–0.78), more so in older children (age 6–11 years vs 2–5 years OR, 0.45, 95% CI, 0.42–0.49; age 12–17 years vs 2–5 years OR, 0.28, 95% CI, 0.25–0.31). Resident presence at induction was associated with increased odds of ETT use (OR, 1.50, 95% CI, 1.38–1.62).

CONCLUSIONS:

The decision to use NMB medication as part of an anesthetic plan increased substantially after sugammadex became available, particularly in older children and cases staffed by residents. ETT use declined over the study period.
Excess microtubule and F-actin formation mediates shortening and loss of primary cilia in response to a hyperosmotic milieu
Authors: Otani Hiroshi , Nakazato Ryota , Koike Kanae , Ohta Keisuke , Ikegami Koji
Published: July 2024

The primary cilium is a small organelle protruding from the cell surface that receives signals from the extracellular milieu. Although dozens of studies have reported that several genetic factors can impair the structure of primary cilia, evidence for environmental stimuli affecting primary cilia structures is limited. Here, we investigated an extracellular stress that affected primary cilia morphology and its underlying mechanisms. Hyperosmotic shock induced reversible shortening and disassembly of the primary cilia of murine intramedullary collecting duct cells. The shortening of primary cilia caused by hyperosmotic shock followed delocalization of the pericentriolar material (PCM). Excessive microtubule and F-actin formation in the cytoplasm coincided with the hyperosmotic shock-induced changes to primary cilia and the PCM. Treatment with a microtubule-disrupting agent, nocodazole, partially prevented the hyperosmotic shock-induced disassembly of primary cilia and almost completely prevented delocalization of the PCM. An actin polymerization inhibitor, latrunculin A, also partially prevented the hyperosmotic shock-induced shortening and disassembly of primary cilia and almost completely prevented delocalization of the PCM. We demonstrate that hyperosmotic shock induces reversible morphological changes in primary cilia and the PCM in a manner dependent on excessive formation of microtubule and F-actin.
Characterization of the small Arabidopsis thaliana GTPase and ADP-ribosylation factor-like 2 protein TITAN 5
Authors: Mohr Inga , Mirzaiebadizi Amin , Sanyal Sibaji K. , Chuenban Pichaporn , Ahmadian Mohammad R. , Ivanov Rumen , Bauer Petra
Published: July 2024

Small GTPases switch between GDP- and GTP-bound states during cell signaling. The ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) family of small GTPases is involved in vesicle trafficking. Although evolutionarily well conserved, little is known about ARF and ARF-like GTPases in plants. We characterized biochemical properties and cellular localization of the essential small ARF-like GTPase TITAN 5 (TTN5; also known as HALLIMASCH, ARL2 and ARLC1) from Arabidopsis thaliana, and two TTN5 proteins with point mutants in conserved residues, TTN5T30N and TTN5Q70L, that were expected to be unable to perform nucleotide exchange and GTP hydrolysis, respectively. TTN5 exhibited very rapid intrinsic nucleotide exchange and remarkably low GTP hydrolysis activity, functioning as a non-classical small GTPase being likely present in a GTP-loaded active form. We analyzed signals from YFP–TTN5 and HA3–TTN5 by in situ immunolocalization in Arabidopsis seedlings and through use of a transient expression system. Colocalization with endomembrane markers and pharmacological treatments suggests that TTN5 can be present at the plasma membrane and that it dynamically associates with membranes of vesicles, Golgi stacks and multivesicular bodies. Although TTN5Q70L mirrored wild-type TTN5 behavior, the TTN5T30N mutant differed in some aspects. Hence, the unusual rapid nucleotide exchange activity of TTN5 is linked with its membrane dynamics, and TTN5 likely has a role in vesicle transport within the endomembrane system.
A multi-peak performance landscape for scale biting in an adaptive radiation of pupfishes
Authors: Tan Anson , St. John Michelle , Chau Dylan , Clair Chloe , Chan HoWan , Holzman Roi , Martin Christopher H.
Published: July 2024

The physical interactions between organisms and their environment ultimately shape diversification rates, but the contributions of biomechanics to evolutionary divergence are frequently overlooked. Here, we estimated a performance landscape for biting in an adaptive radiation of Cyprinodon pupfishes, including scale-biting and molluscivore specialists, and compared performance peaks with previous estimates of the fitness landscape in this system. We used high-speed video to film feeding strikes on gelatin cubes by scale eater, molluscivore, generalist and hybrid pupfishes and measured bite dimensions. We then measured five kinematic variables from 227 strikes using the SLEAP machine-learning model. We found a complex performance landscape with two distinct peaks best predicted gel-biting performance, corresponding to a significant non-linear interaction between peak gape and peak jaw protrusion. Only scale eaters and their hybrids were able to perform strikes within the highest performance peak, characterized by larger peak gapes and greater jaw protrusion. A performance valley separated this peak from a lower performance peak accessible to all species, characterized by smaller peak gapes and less jaw protrusion. However, most individuals exhibited substantial variation in strike kinematics and species could not be reliably distinguished by their strikes, indicating many-to-many mapping of morphology to performance. The two performance peaks observed in the lab were partially consistent with estimates of a two-peak fitness landscape measured in the wild, with the exception of the new performance peak for scale eaters. We thus reveal a new bimodal non-linear biomechanical model that connects morphology to performance to fitness in a sympatric radiation of trophic niche specialists.
Systematic Cholecystectomy During Cytoreductive Surgery Plus HIPEC: A Critical Analysis of an Empirical Tradition
Authors: Gonzalez-Gil Alida , Gomez-Ruiz Álvaro Jesús , Gonzalez-Pérez Carmen , Gil-Gomez Elena , Olivares-Ripoll Vicente , Martinez Jerónimo , Barceló Francisco , Cascales-Campos Pedro Antonio
Published: July 2024

Background

Some procedures performed during cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) are based on empirical data. One of these procedures is systematic cholecystectomy. This study aimed to perform a critical analysis of the need for systematic cholecystectomy during CRS+HIPEC of patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis using long-term follow-up data.

Methods

Patients with peritoneal surface malignancies who were candidates for CRS+HIPEC and underwent surgery between January 2008 and December 2022 were analyzed. For patients with gallbladder involvement due to the disease or for patients whose preoperative study showed the presence of cholelithiasis, cholecystectomy was performed as part of the surgery, which was avoided for the remaining patients. All postoperative adverse events that occurred in the first 90 days were recorded, and clinical records focused on the development of biliary pathology during the follow-up period were studied.

Results

The results from a consecutive series of 443 patients with peritoneal surface malignancies who underwent surgery between January 2008 and December 2022 were analyzed. The average age of the cohort was 50 years. The median follow-up period for the cohort was 41 months (range, 12–180 months), with a disease-free survival of 17 months. For 373 of the patients, CRS+HIPEC was completed without an associated cholecystectomy, and in 16 of them, the appearance of cholelithiasis was detected during the follow-up period. Only two patients in the series showed complications derived from gallstones and required a delayed cholecystectomy.

Conclusions

Although cholecystectomy is a safe procedure in the context of CRS+HIPEC, it is not risk free, and its routine performance may be unnecessary.
Numerical analysis in parameter identification problems
Authors: Παπαδόπουλος Βασίλειος
Published: July 2024

Η παρούσα διατριβή αφορά την απόδειξη αυστηρών εκ των υστέρων εκτιμήσεων σφάλματος τύπου-υπολοίπου, για το αντίστροφο, διγραμμικό πρόβλημα ταυτοποίησης παραμέτρου του συντελεστή Robin, με ελλειπτικές και παραβολικές μερικές διαφορικές εξισώσεις ως περιορισμούς. Με κίνητρο τα προβλήματα βελτιστοποίησης που αντιμετωπίζουμε, αρχικά αποδεικνύουμε εκ των υστέρων εκτιμήσεις σφάλματος τύπου-υπολοίπου, σε μία τύπου L2-νόρμα, για μεθόδους πεπερασμένων στοιχείων, για ελλειπτικές μερικές διαφορικές εξισώσεις, με συνοριακές συνθήκες Neumann ή Robin. Για να διασφαλιστεί η απόδειξη του κάτω φράγματος (αποτελεσματικότητα), χρησιμοποιείται μια μη τετριμμένη, εξαρτώμενη από το πλέγμα, τύπου L2-νόρμα για το σφάλμα. Η απόδειξη του κάτω φράγματος απαιτεί μια προσεκτικά κατασκευασμένη συνάρτηση-"φυσαλίδα'' ("bubble''-function), με C1-συμμόρφωση. Παρουσιάζεται μια σειρά από εκτεταμένα αριθμητικά πειράματα, που επιδεικνύουν την καλή απόδοση των εκτιμητών. Ο κύριος στόχος είναι η απόδειξη εκ των υστέρων εκτιμήσεων σφάλματος για το χρονικά σταθερό, αντίστροφο πρόβλημα ταυτοποίησης του συντελεστή Robin. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, με τη χρήση της συνθήκης βελτιστότητας δεύτερης τάξης, αρχικά αποδεικνύουμε εκτιμήσεις με άνω φράγμα στην L2-νόρμα και αργότερα και στη συνέχεια εκτιμήσεις σφάλματος με άνω και κάτω φράγμα στην H1-νόρμα, σε ένα πλήρως διακριτό σχήμα. Αποδεικνύουμε επίσης τις αντίστοιχες εκ των υστέρων εκτιμήσεις σφάλματος στο πλαίσιο της μεταβολικής προσέγγισης και για το, λεγόμενο, ημιδιακριτό σχήμα, καταλήγοντας σε άνω και κάτω φράγμα στην H1-νόρμα. Τέλος, αποδεικνύουμε εκ των υστέρων εκτιμήσεις σφάλματος για το αντιστροφό πρόβλημα εκτίμησης του χωρικά-και-χρονικά εξαρτώμενου συντελεστή μεταφοράς θερμότητας. Εργαζόμαστε πάνω σε ένα πλήρως διακριτοποιημένο σχήμα βασισμένο στην ασυνεχή-στο χρόνο-μέθοδο Galerkin dG(0), με πεπερασμένα στοιχεία στο χώρο. Σχεδιάζουμε προσεκτικά ελλειπτικές και χρονικές ανακατασκευές για το πρωτεύον και το συζηγές πρόβλημα, προκειμένου να επιτύχουμε το επιθυμητό αποτέλεσμα. Η κύρια πρόκληση στην απόδειξη των εκτιμητών είναι, και πάλι, η διγραμμική φύση του προβλήματος, κατά την οποία πολλαπλασιάζεται ο έλεγχος (συντελεστής Robin) με τη μεταβλητή του πρωτεύοντος προβλήματος. Για να ξεπεραστεί αυτό, διατυπώνεται μια συνθήκη βελτιστότητας δεύτερης τάξης, προσφέροντας την απαιτούμενη ευστάθεια για την απόδειξη.
Introduction
Authors: Skarpelos Yannis , Karpouzis Kostas , Michailidou Martha
Published: July 2024

Computational Social Science (CSS) has emerged as a fast-developing scientific field. Its growth has been driven by the increasing availability of computational power, coordinated digitization, annotation and interoperability efforts, and large-scale data on social activities. computing, data sciences and the social sciences created a loop, opening new fields of inquiry and forming new methodologies, making way for innovative approaches, and potentially leading to fresh discoveries. The papers in this special issue cover a wide range of phenomena using computational methods, such as social media, simulation, creative and cultural industries, as well as infrastructures for CSS. They apply CSS methods including social network analysis, virtual encounter simulations, sentiment and emotion analysis, and corpus linguistics, to case studies ranging from Covid-19 pandemic to electoral behavior, to political charisma, to cultural affinities and value orientation to border regions, to esports networks, to museums, to national and international infrastructures, thus providing a spectrum of possibilities (and limitations) for social scientists.
The Covid-19 pandemic in Greece through the lens of methodological synergy: Combining corpus linguistics and critical discourse analysis approaches
Authors: Elafropoulos Dimitris
Published: July 2024

Computational approaches have been increasingly used in social sciences in recent years. The present study investigates to what extent a triangulated framework of corpus linguistics and critical discourse analysis can shed light on cutting-edge approaches and offer new insights into social research. Big data sets that may be examined computationally reveal patterns, trends and co-occurrences of elements (Teubert & Krishnamurthy, 2007, p. 6). This research is based on analysing a 720-text corpus of political and scientific discourse (March 2020 - May 2022) of representatives of three main institutions (government, main opposition party, and Greek public health organisation). Mediated political and scientific discourse has been the primary source of information regarding the Covid-19 pandemic crisis. The computational techniques focus on the representation of the pandemic and the relevant collocations and concordances in an attempt to navigate afterwards through qualitative analysis. Findings indicate that the government constructed a ‘‘rescue narrative’’ while the main opposition party advocated working-class priorities. Conceptual metaphors regarding the pandemic were pervasive both in political and scientific discourse. Comparative studies among different countries could be conducted in the future.
Emotion during election periods: Deciphering Twitter users’ discourse
Authors: Messini Sophia
Published: July 2024

Within computational political science, a sentiment expressed in social media has been subject to examination about electoral behaviour, more so because of the cases of the successful use of social media by candidates (Obama) or by companies who tried to manipulate public opinion (e.g., the involvement of the Russian Internet Research Agency and Cambridge Analytica in 2016 Presidential Elections in the USA, or of Cambridge Analytica’s to the UK’s Referendum about Brexit). In this paper we examine a refinement of analysis, moving from sentiment (positive-negative) to emotions, combine opinion mining with social network analysis, and apply it to the tweets posted during the critical elections that took place in Greece in 2015 and 2019. We find support for the relation between some emotions and voting behaviour in other countries but also realize that the intensity of expressing such emotions is perhaps a better indicator of the need for change.
Virtual encounter simulations for comparing public expectations about the role of the welfare state
Authors: Mueller Georg P.
Published: July 2024

By the end of September 2022, a plebiscite about a new pension law suggested once more that the western Swiss region of the Arc Lémanique (AL) is politically different from the rest of Switzerland. Newspapers argued that this is the result of the proximity to France with the same language as the AL. 
This paper tries to find out, how far the political opinions of the AL are away from the rest of Switzerland and how close they are to France. For this purpose, the author presents a new methodology from computational social science: virtual encounter simulations, which he successfully applied in an earlier publication to similar problems. It is based on the idea of using survey data for the construction of random-dyads of persons, who can subsequently be compared with regard to their political attitudes. By averaging the inter-individual differences of dyads of persons belonging to the same group and dyads belonging to different groups it is possible to compare ideological inter-group with intra-group conflicts.     
In order to tackle the initial research question, the author analyses the international survey ISSP-V (2016), focussed on the role of government, also with regard to the mentioned old age pensions. Virtual encounter simulations reveal that the AL is ideologically much closer to German speaking Switzerland than originally expected.
Production costs and their effect on the profitability of the SMES in Latin America
Authors: Ventura Hernández Eva Maria , Nolasco-Mamani Marco Antonio , Hernández Celis Domingo , Monrroy Aime Julian , Guardia Huamani Efraín Jaime
Published: July 2024

Background The micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play a pivotal role in the Latin America economy, creating jobs, boosting local economic activity and contribute to the socio-economic development of the region. The purpose is to reflect on the current costs management prices, the common challenges faced by SMEs in the region, and effective strategies to improve the profitability and sustainability of these companies. Methods it is addressed as a review study of type reflective, which used the dialectic as a method for the construction of the speech, based on techniques of triangulation of information. Result in order to obtain the results, these study topics were pre-selected: (a) determinants of the costs of production in the SMES, b) strategies for the reduction and control of production costs, and c) impact of production costs on the profitability of SMES. Conclusion the present research article delves into the pivotal factors influencing production costs within microenterprises and small businesses situated in the Latin American context. This study posits that the determinants underpinning these costs encompass a spectrum of elements including but not limited to labor, raw materials and supplies, energy and utilities, infrastructure and logistics, regulatory frameworks, and administrative intricacies. Furthermore, the intricate interplay of technology adoption and innovative capabilities is also recognized as a crucial facet in this cost determination paradigm. The overarching understanding underscores the direct and substantial influence of these multifaceted determinants on the operational expenditure of microenterprises and small businesses.
Autonomy support in higher education: a key strategy for the well-being of university students
Authors: PINEDA DAVID , LOZANO-JIMENEZ JOSE EDUARDO , Moreno-Murcia Juan Antonio
Published: July 2024

Introduction Amid changing social dynamics, the world of higher education faces, among other challenges, the growing impact on the mental health of students. In this scenario, the Self-Determination Theory (SDT) highlights the important role of autonomy support as it generates positive effects on students' motivation and well-being. Methods The present study tests the predictive capacity of the teacher’s interpersonal style of autonomy support in a higher education institution, in relation to the satisfaction of basic psychological needs, autonomous motivation and depressive symptoms. A sample composed of 356 Spanish university students of which 237 were male (66.57%) from different grades and courses, aged between 17 and 57 years (M = 20.83; SD = 3.44), from middle socioeconomic strata, was used, and selected through purposive sampling. Results After the analysis of structural equations, the results showed that the teacher’s interpersonal style of autonomy support positively predicted the satisfaction of basic psychological needs and this the autonomous motivation; but negatively depressive symptoms. Conclusions The model describes the possible importance of promoting the teacher’s interpersonal style of autonomy support in higher education as a protective factor for well-being and mental health. These findings highlight the importance of motivational strategies that higher education teachers must implement to promote student motivation and well-being.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Lebanese patients with type II diabetes towards the use and abuse of dietary supplements: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Abdallah Maher , Dandachy Sahar , Ahmad Nour , Sleiman Marwa , Mansour Rania , Hoteit Maha
Published: July 2024

Background Dietary supplements (DS) use among Lebanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) increased widely due to the country’s economic and financial situation. This study was conducted (1) to estimate the prevalence of DS use among persons with T2DM amid the escalating economic crisis in Lebanon; (2) to explore the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of DS use; and (3) to determine any significant association between socio-economic and socio-demographic factors and the use of DS modality Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted during the worst episode of the economic crisis between October and April 2022 on 460 adult patients with T2DM of both sexes. Patients were interviewed using a pre-tested questionnaire. Results Almost 4 out of 10 patients with T2DM in our study were found to be using DS, where 27.6% take multivitamins frequently. One-third of the participants agreed that nutritional supplements are necessary to control diabetes symptoms and complications. Around 41.1% of the participants complained about hypoglycemia and used DS to control their blood sugar levels (56.4%), while the rest used it to improve their health (35.5%) and control their diet (2.2%). The predictors of DS usage were the patient’s level of education [OR=3.9, CI=1.5-10, p=0.003), self-monitoring of blood sugars (OR=4.9, CI=1.68-14.6; p=0.004) and reading the nutrition label [OR=59.3, CI=6.3-55.8, p=0.000]. Conclusion This study estimated the prevalence of DS use and abuse, among persons with diabetes type II and found three significant predictors of DS use among patients with T2DM. Public health experts should encourage healthy discussions and awareness with their patients to comprehend their views regarding DS use.
Tensile and creep properties of small specimens of reduced-activation ferritic steel F82H, and the correlation to standard specimen data
Authors: Nagasaka Takuya , Shen Jingjie , Ando Masami , Kato Taichiro , Nozawa Takashi , Tanigawa Hiroyasu
Published: July 2024

Background A reduced-activation ferritic/martensitic (RAFM) steel, F82H steel, is the primary candidate structural material for fusion reactor blanket. Small specimen test technique is essential to develop the blanket materials using limited irradiation volume in high flux neutron field. An international collaboration activity “Towards the Standardization of Small Specimen Test Techniques for Fusion Applications” has been initiated under the framework of the International Atomic Energy Agency Coordinated Research Project for Phase I from 2017 to 2021, and Phase II from 2022 to 2026. The present paper reports the preliminary results on tensile and creep tests as a summary of the above Phase I activity. Methods Tensile and creep tests were conducted at 550 and 650°C, using flat-plate SSJ type small specimens with various gauge thickness ranged from 0.14 to 1.2 mm, while gauge length and width are 5 and 1.2 mm, respectively. In addition, round bar type standard specimens with a gauge geometry of 6 mm in diameter and 30 mm in length was also tested for comparison. Results Tensile yield stress, ultimate tensile strength and uniform elongation were independent of the gauge thickness of SSJ specimens, and agreed with the data from the standard size specimens. On the other hand, total elongation was decreased with decreasing the thickness. In creep tests, rupture time was decreased with decreasing the gauge thickness of SSJ specimens. Standard size specimens exhibited shorter rupture time than the SSJ specimens. Conclusions The SSJ type specimens provided similar tensile parameters to those from the standard specimen, except total elongation. Creep rupture time of the SSJ specimens were different from the standard specimen, and decreased with decreasing the gauge thickness.
The characteristics and costs of traumatic extremity amputation versus replantation at a single center in the Republic of Korea: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Kim Dong Hee , Jang Hyo Seok , Kwak Sang Ho , Jung Sung Yoon , Park Chan Ik , Lee Chul Ho , Park Kyoungwon , Lee Sang Hyun
Published: July 2024

Purpose: This study investigated the epidemiology and treatment outcomes of patients with traumatic limb amputation who visited a regional trauma center.Methods: From November 2015 to December 2021, patients with traumatic limb amputation who visited the Regional Trauma Center at Pusan University Hospital were retrospectively studied. The injury mechanism, number of operations for accompanying injuries, hospitalization period, injury severity score, insurance classification, and medical costs were investigated using medical records. We analyzed medical costs according to the injury site and treatment method. Results: We enrolled 57 patients who visited the hospital for traumatic limb amputation. The median patient age was 55 years, and there were 48 males and nine females. Seventeen patients underwent replantation, and 40 patients underwent amputation. Replantations were performed in 43.7% of cases of upper extremity injuries and in 12.0% of cases of lower extremity injuries. Six operations were performed per patient for replantation and three for amputation (p=0.027). In an analysis of the total medical costs submitted to the national health insurance system, replantation surgery was over twice as expensive as amputation surgery for the upper extremities (p=0.029). However, no significant cost difference was observed for lower limb amputations. Conclusion: As a treatment for limb amputation patients, replantation requires a higher number of operations and a longer hospital stay than amputation. There was no difference in patients’ contributions to medical costs between replantation and amputation, but from the standpoint of national health insurance coverage, upper extremity injuries cost more when treated by replantation than by amputation.
Economía Campesina y el Programa "Producción para el Bienestar" en Talea de Castro, Oaxaca, México.
Authors: Montes-Ramírez Karla-Alejandra
Published: July 2024

El “régimen alimentario corporativo” en México descansó en el desmantelamiento de la producción agrícola nacional pero en 2018, con el ascenso del gobierno progresista, se reorientaron algunas directrices neoliberales en aras de recuperar la soberanía alimentaria. Para ello, se elaboró una política pública que alentara la productividad agroecológica de granos entre los pequeños productores. En este contexto, el presente estudio diagnostica el estado de la economía indígena campesina en el municipio San Miguel Talea de Castro, Oaxaca, México, para explicar la lógica que guía a los zapotecos a adaptar el programa Producción para el Bienestar a sus formas de sustento económico, social y cultural. Metodológicamente se parte de una encuesta de entorno socio-productivo; para posteriormente etnografiar el manejo local del programa. El principal hallazgo muestra el fracaso de la producción agroecológica de granos básicos y su incidencia positiva en la producción de café. Se concluye que es preciso reelaborar los lineamientos de la política, considerando la perspectiva de los actores locales.
"Antes cerdo que fascista”: “Porco Rosso” como freno a la abstención electoral en Redes Sociales.
Authors: Losilla Nicolás
Published: July 2024

A las elecciones generales españolas de 23 de Julio de 2023 se acudía con cierto descontento generalizado tanto por las fechas de los comicios como por la situación política. Por ello, el llamamiento al voto —en lugar de abstenerse— se convirtió en uno de los temas principales de la campaña. Bajo este contexto y a raíz de una publicación del artista Álvaro Ortiz, nació un movimiento por el cual los usuarios publicaron una obra inspirada en la película Porco Rosso (1992) cuyo protagonista animaba a la gente a votar. Desde el día 13 al 23 de julio, Twitter se llenó de ilustraciones, no solamente contra la abstención, sino también acompañadas de simbología antifascista, feminista, pro LGTBIQ+ y otras posiciones progresistas. Obras que fueron recopiladas por el artista ElGuiBo, de las que se catalogaron 831 obras. Este estudio demuestra cómo puede formarse un movimiento de personas independientes que puede unirse y colaborar en el medio digital para emitir proclamas que defiendan los intereses comunes y democráticos.
Career Specialty Choice and Student Affairs: Paraprofessional Perspectives on Finding Their Career Path
Authors: Faidley Evan W.
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Higher education and student affairs (HESA) graduate students share similar experiences to medical students to find their professional specialty during their training. This study uses a professional socialization framework to understand how 13 HESA master’s-level students at a large research institution in the Midwest determine their preferred functional area for the first full-time role. Utilizing thematic analysis on document and interview data, four themes emerged related to pre-HESA program mentorship; exposure to and experiences in functional areas; feeling connected to others through identities and lived experiences; and the student-facing versus non-student-facing nature of HESA work. These findings raise implications for faculty and supervisors to tailor coursework and fieldwork that optimize exposure to and reflections on a variety of functional areas. Recommendations for future research address additional internal and external motivations of HESA graduate students in determining their specialty choice in the profession.
The origin of the adjectival and adverbial mulaolao in Wu Chinese
Authors: Wang Huayun , Xiong Jianguo , Luo Cenhong
Published: July 2024

The word mulaolao (木佬佬) in Wu Chinese first appeared in written documents published during the period of the former Republic of China. It originated in Hangzhou dialect and spread to other regions such as Ningbo Taizhou, Jinhua, and Shanghai. In Hangzhou dialect, mulaolao serves both adjectival and adverbial purposes, and it is believed to have derived from the expressive adjective manlaolao (蛮老老). In manlaolao , the suffix - laolao (老老) intensifies the degree of a state or property and is written as “佬佬” due to its uncertain etymology. The man (蛮) part originally meant “rude and unreasonable” or “doughty” but has evolved to also mean “many”. In its weakened form, it underwent a checkedization1 process and was consequently pronounced as mu and written with a homophonous character “木”. The adjectival form of mulaolao is widely used, but in adverbial positions, it underwent semantic bleaching to become an adverb and fused into mao (冒). The adverbial usage of mulaolao is less prevalent among younger speakers.
Antiquarianism, Local Traditions, and Urban Identity in the Early Modern Netherlands: The Controversy about the City of the Nervii
Authors: Latteur Olivier
Published: July 2024

Abstract: In the 16th and 17th centuries, the study of Roman remains led to the questioning of many local traditions, including those that associated the episcopal see of Tournai with the valiant Nervii. The rediscovery of ancient Itineraries and the absence of vestiges in Tournai led scholars to question this association: they preferred to locate the city of the Nervii in Bavay. This new thesis irritated several Tournaisian authors who defended the illustrious past of their city. This scholarly controversy illustrates the new role that the material evidence played in the construction of historical discourses and local identity at that time.
Nomad Textile Bags from Central Asia in the 19th and 20th Centuries: Geographic Distribution, Decoration, Semantics
Authors: Bogoslovskaya Irina
Published: July 2024

Abstract: The nomadic lifestyle required sets of bags to transport both valuables and everyday objects. Those produced by Central Asia’s nomads were not only functional items but works of art whose decoration and semantics reflected the worldview of the people who made them. Evidence of their usage can be traced from the early medieval period to Soviet times. This article explores in some detail traditional materials and embroidery techniques used in their production. The characteristic compositions and multiple symbols of different nomadic groups are demonstrated and discussed, with in-depth analysis of the Karakalpak shay qalta (bag for tea) as an example. As nomads came increasingly under the influence of sedentary culture and were eventually settled themselves, both their use of storage bags and the decorations applied to them changed. These changes are especially reflected in the shift from “cosmological” to “vegetal” motifs. By the first quarter of the twentieth century, conditions of Soviet town and farm life gradually spelled an end to the tradition of nomad textile bags.
An Introduction to Khmer Banners
Authors: Hall Rebecca
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Colorful cloth banners are visually embedded components of Khmer life. They appear at Buddhist monasteries for ritual purposes, including to announce a festival to passersby, make merit for the donor, or honor the Buddha. Other banners made entirely with white cloth are a necessary component of Cambodian funerals. This article explores the diversity of Khmer banner types and the significances these banners have in contemporary Cambodian communities. Rich details of their use and those included in commonly recounted stories of the banners’ origins reveal how Cambodians engage with this textile type in a way that is simultaneously unique to the Khmer while showing strong connections to other Asian banner traditions.
Original or Imitation? Batik in Java and Glarus (Switzerland) in the Nineteenth Century
Authors: Nabholz-Kartaschoff Marie-Louise
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Wax batik technique is known worldwide. It is on the island of Java, however, that it has come to its fullest bloom from the sixteenth century onwards. No other region can compete with Java in terms of technical refinement and creative design. Hand-drawn (batik tulis) and stamped batik (batik cap) are important crafts even today, and their products are used and worn on the whole island. Thus, it is not surprising that textile factories in England, the Netherlands, and Switzerland aimed to conquer these profitable markets with their efficiently manufactured batik imitations. In connection with preparations of a comprehensive exhibition on batik, the author first made investigations on the subject in the late 1960s. In the Swiss canton of Glarus, production of batik imitations was still alive on a small scale at that time. In view of an international conference on the Glarus textile industry, she took up her research in 2015 and found most interesting sources and pattern samples in archives of factories that were formerly involved in this market. In this article, she is comparing production, patterns, and usage of genuine batik in Java and batik imitations from Glarus.
Exploring Colors from the Past: In the Steps of Eighteenth-Century Dyers from France and England
Authors: Cardon Dominique , Brémaud Iris , Quye Anita , Balfour Paul Jenny
Published: July 2024

Abstract: This paper presents some aspects of the contribution to the history of colors and dyeing technology to be expected from the comprehensive study of a rare type of historical document, which was not published and exploited until recently. It describes and compares several early– to mid–eighteenth century manuscripts of dye books or treatises on dyeing from England and France, having in common an essential feature: all are illustrated with scores of samples of dyed wool fabric. The French sources are the Memoirs on Dyeing of two dyework owners in wool broadcloth–producing centers in Languedoc in southern France. The English sources belong to the Crutchley Archive and consist of the dye books of a family-run dyed wool fabric business in Southwark, London. In this paper, the authors first present the respective color gamuts of the French dyers and their contemporary colleagues in London. The study is based on correlations between the color names given to the samples in the documents, the corresponding dye recipes, and the chromatic specifications of the samples that were obtained through colorimetric measurements and expressed in the CIE L*a*b* and CIE LCh° systems of color description. Madder red is then proposed as a case study for comparisons of the dyeing processes and resulting chromatic effects in the English and French sources.
Color, Expectations, and Authenticity in Oriental Carpets: The Case of the Anhalt Carpet in The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Authors: Denny Walter B.
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Far from being straight forward, the variable of color in the art of the Islamic carpet over the centuries is fraught with complexity. Scholarly expectations of color in the various historical eras and geographic groups of carpets are shaped by what has survived of old traditions—and scholars may react in negative ways when such expectations are contradicted. But what has survived is a small percentage of what originally existed. Colors in the corpus of classical carpets have often been modified due to exposure to light; wear; chemical action among dyes, mordants, and fiber; and later repairs and alterations, in addition to the natural color variations stemming from spinning and dyeing technology. In scholarship, skewed expectations of carpet color have led, in several important cases, to assigning certain works or groups of works to the category of reproductions or even forgeries. More complicated still is the nature of textiles’ reactivity to light. This is especially relevant for pile fabrics, pile carpets and velvets in particular, which means that color intensity and value may be almost impossible to define precisely, depending as they do on the strength and type of lighting, angle of view, the angle of illumination, and the angle of pile structure. This fact imposes extra burdens on attempts at scholarly objectivity and accuracy, especially in the case of determining an accurate assessment of color in Islamic carpets, assessing artistic quality, making accurate attributions of date and geography, and taking and publishing photographs of carpets. We can illuminate all of these aspects of the role of color in scholarship in a particular case, which revolves around the authenticity of the “Anhalt” carpet in The Metropolitan Museum of Art collections.
Chinese Textiles for the Portuguese Market: Rethinking Their History through Dye Analysis
Authors: Claro Ana , Ferreira Maria João
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Previous research has documented the presence of more than 250 Chinese textiles in Portuguese collections, mainly embroideries, dating from the sixteenth to the eighteenth centuries. These objects are currently grouped under the heading “Sino-Portuguese,” reflecting the relationship established in the sixteenth century between Portugal and China. However, it has become clear that not all of them were necessarily produced in China. Some objects appear to have been made by migrant Chinese craftsmen working elsewhere in the Indian and Pacific Ocean regions, while others appear to be Portuguese copies of Chinese productions. Such observations raise important questions about cultural contacts and influences that cannot be resolved exclusively on the basis of written sources or art historical analysis. The scientific analysis of color offers a new perspective on the subject. The development of new studies, the high number of natural dyes identified, and the historical textiles analyzed have enabled the creation of various complementary databases and the association of dye sources with techniques characteristic of specific geographical areas. This paper will discuss the application of dye analysis on Chinese textiles made for the Portuguese market and on a group of related textiles that were inspired by those from China. The results led to a reconsideration of current art historical debates concerning questions of provenance, trade, and cross-cultural influences in the production of raw materials and textiles.
Color Power: Contributions of Science and Technology to the Study of Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-Century “Vine-Scroll” Carpets
Authors: Santos Raquel , Claro Ana , McCarthy Blythe , Hallett Jessica
Published: July 2024

Abstract: In recent years, research on carpets has focused on the production and consumption of Persian “vine-scroll” carpets produced between the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Through the study of collections in Portugal and the United States, this paper looks at the transformation of the Iranian carpet industry in response to the demands and competitiveness of the growing international market and how, when, and where this occurred. Based on an interdisciplinary approach involving art history, history, and conservation science and by bringing together the complex political, economic, and cultural backgrounds that set the stage for major innovations in carpet production, this study identified the development of a new carpet type and its variations through a comprehensive survey of fifty-nine selected carpets. Technical and material analysis, especially of dyes, achieved a more detailed understanding of the origin and context of production and local manufacturing processes. Meanwhile, the carpet designs and their depictions in European paintings were traced to develop a chronology for the evolution of production. In this paper, in addition to presenting general results of this combined methodology, a group of four carpets are presented as case studies that offer insights into the evolution of the vine-scroll type and new interpretations on the roles of the producer and consumer between the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
Getting to Know Early Modern Western Central African Textiles: New Evidence, Old Shadows, and the Puzzle of Pineapple Fibers
Authors: Fromont Cécile
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Kongo textiles have been celebrated as masterly creations of exquisite workmanship and held as highly valued possessions in Central Africa and Europe since at least the early modern period. Yet, they have been the object of little study, and their techniques, materials, and motifs are only partially elucidated. Though they have prominence in their original contexts, highly regarded status in early modern European and African collections, and continued visibility in contemporary visual culture, they have garnered limited attention in scholarship. This article investigates this paradox. It analyzes the state of research about the textiles, brings to the fore the recent discoveries that illuminate some aspects of the corpus and its historiography, and reflects on the causes and consequences of the historiographic lacunae that surround them. Getting to know early modern western Central African textiles, it further argues, builds long overdue connections between the fields of African art history, global studies of the early modern period, and the analysis of textiles.
The Fabric of Diaspora: Memory, Portraiture, and Empowerment in the Quilts of Bisa Butler
Authors: Demerdash Nancy
Published: July 2024

Abstract: This article examines the complex photorealist quilting practice of the contemporary African-American artist Bisa Butler by raising questions about her works’ implications for African diasporic connectivity and memory. It positions her praxis in dialogue with a range of artistic interlocutors who also grapple with questions of memory and marginalized histories, such as Faith Ringgold, Romare Bearden, Yinka Shonibare, Amy Sherald, and Kehinde Wiley. Butler’s oeuvre not only spotlights historic African-American narratives that have been shunted to the shadowy recesses of archives, but it also enlivens these narratives through the very materiality of the quilted medium.
Mid-Nineteenth Century Weavings from Imerina, Madagascar: A Missionary’s Collection in Dialogue with Contemporaneous Malagasy Texts
Authors: Fee Sarah
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Numerous texts in many languages from medieval times praise the beautiful handwoven cloth of sub-Saharan Africa. Yet, very few pieces dating before 1870 survive in the subcontinent or in international museums. This is the case for the island nation of Madagascar, eastern Africa’s most active weaving center. Of great interest, therefore, are eleven textiles obtained by the British missionary William Ellis during his various visits to Madagascar from 1853 to 1865, which are today housed at the Royal Ontario Museum. This research note aims to put in dialogue the cloths acquired by Ellis with his writings and early photographs of the island, as well as important contemporaneous descriptions by Malagasy authors. Combining these sources reveals the cloths’ wider historical significance, local aesthetics, and techniques of manufacture. Some represent unique surviving examples of luxury types mentioned in historic literature, while others were hitherto known only from black-and-white images.
Indigenous Knotted-Cord Records in Costa Rica
Authors: Palumbo Scott , Rodríguez Sánchez Keilyn , Morales Céspedes Frank , Marinescu Julia , Rivera Rebecca
Published: July 2024

Abstract: This article presents evidence for the use of knotted-cord records in southern Costa Rica. It reviews ethnohistorical references and presents information from interviews conducted with elder members of the Boruca Indigenous community of southern Costa Rica, a part of the Isthmo-Colombian area. Here, some elders can describe the structure and mathematical functions of knotted-cord records that were used decades earlier. This information is compared to Andean khipus (knotted-cord devices used for record keeping). While khipus were generally related to state administrative functions in the Andes, the authors highlight how less hierarchical societies employed similar technology. Southern Central America represents a previously unknown area associated with the use of knotted-cord record keeping.