bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Migration processes in the coastal municipalities of the Kaliningrad region: "agglomeration" effects or coastalization?
Authors: Lialina Anna
Published: November 2021

The coastal position of the Kaliningrad region is an important factor in its socio-economic development, and in municipalities with direct access to the sea, it usually provides additional benefits. At the same time, the proximity to the administrative center – the core of the Kaliningrad agglomeration - determines the connectivity of these territories, especially by migration. How does the combination of the two most important features of the economic and geographical location affect the development of migration processes in the coastal municipalities of the Kaliningrad region? The answer to this question determines the purpose of this study. The methodological basis of the study was statistical and cartographic methods, the method of typologization. The study showed that in most municipalities, the "coastal" factor and the "agglomeration" factor form multidirectional migration flows, while covering different categories of the migrants. Thus, if intraregional migration ensures the redistribution of young people and the working-age population from the periphery to the regional center, then interregional migration contributes to the concentration of the elderly migrants in tourist and recreational coastal municipalities. Population growth due to internal and external migration is typical only for recreational Svetlogorsk and Zelenograd districts. In the Pionerskiy, Yantarny, Svetlovsky and Baltijsk districts, external migration (mainly from other regions of Russia) levels the intraregional outflow of population. In Kaliningrad and the neighboring Guryevsky district, external migration plays a concomitant role, complementing the large-scale population growth due to internal immigration. The low level of socio-economic development of most municipalities located in the waters of the bays determines the predominance of the outflow of population to the regional center over the immigration from other countries and regions of Russia.
A BUSINESS MODEL ENABLING A PASSENGER-DISTANCE-IMPROVED LONG-HAUL NETWORK TO DECREASE TRANSPORT INEFFICIENCIES
Authors: Steinweg Dominik , Büchter Kai-Daniel , Engelmann Marc , Habersetzer Antoine , Schmalz Ulrike , Paul Annika
Published: November 2021

The air transport system faces pressing challenges arising from CO2-emission reduction targets, fragmented passenger needs, and a highly competitive market environment. Aiming for a reduction of CO2-emissions in the long-haul sector, a holistic solution is suggested incorporating both operational and technological innovations in three areas: (1) changes in the air transport network structure, (2) (liquid) hydrogen as energy carrier, and (3) new aircraft and cabin design. To these ends, this paper focuses on the implications resulting from a passenger-distance improved air transport network. Demand pooling is proposed to enable higher load factors, offer more point-to-point connections for passengers, and generate new revenue sources for airlines. Based on a discussion of traditional airline business models, a seat exchange platform named “ShAirline” is proposed, allowing multiple providers to rent out cabin space. The underlying business model is evaluated considering implications for aircraft and cabin design, new passenger services, additional revenue opportunities, passenger journey times, required aircraft, as well as implications for airports. Findings indicate that the proposed seat exchange platform in conjunction with a change in aircraft ownership structure assist in removing inefficiencies across the current long-haul network and help offset barriers connected to the use of novel eco-efficient technologies.
Supernova-driven Mechanism of Cusp-core Transformation: an Appraisal
Authors: Burger Jan D. , Zavala Jesús
Published: November 2021

We present and test an effective model for N-body simulations that aims at mimicking the impact of supernova (SN) feedback on the dark matter (DM) distribution of isolated halos hosting dwarf galaxies. Although the model is physically decoupled from the cosmological history of both the DM halo and the dwarf galaxy, it allows us to study the impact of different macroscopic parameters such as galaxy concentration, feedback energy, and energy injection time in the process of SN-driven core formation in a physically clear way. Using our effective model in a suite of N-body simulations of an isolated halo with different SN feedback parameters, we find that whether or not a DM core forms is determined by the total amount of SN feedback energy that is transferred to the DM particles. At a fixed injected energy, transfer of energy to the DM is more efficient the faster the energy is injected and the more compact the galaxy is, leading to an increased size of the formed DM core as a result. Analyzing the orbital evolution of kinematic tracers, we demonstrate that a core forms through SN feedback only if the energy injection is impulsive relative to the dynamical timescale of particles in the inner halo. However, there is no fundamental link between the total amount of injected energy and the injection rate. Consequently, the presence of signatures of impulsive changes of the gravitational potential is not a sufficient condition for dwarf-sized halos to have cored density profiles.
Stringent Tests of Gravity with Highly Relativistic Binary Pulsars in the Era of LISA and SKA
Authors: Miao Xueli , Xu Heng , Shao Lijing , Liu Chang , Ma Bo-Qiang
Published: November 2021

At present, 19 double neutron star (DNS) systems are detected by radio timing and two merging DNS systems are detected by kilohertz gravitational waves. Because of selection effects, none of them has an orbital period P

b
in the range of a few tens of minutes. In this paper we consider a multimessenger strategy proposed by Kyutoku et al., jointly using the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna and the Square Kilometre Array to detect and study Galactic pulsar-neutron star (PSR-NS) systems with P

b
∼ 10–100 minutes. We assume that we will detect PSR-NS systems by this strategy. We use standard pulsar-timing software to simulate times of arrival of pulse signals from these binary pulsars. We obtain the precision of timing parameters of short-orbital-period PSR-NS systems with orbital period P

b
∈ (8, 120) minutes. We use the simulated uncertainty of the orbital decay,

P

̇

b

, to predict future tests for a variety of alternative theories of gravity. We show quantitatively that highly relativistic PSR-NS systems will significantly improve the constraint on parameters of specific gravity theories in the strong field regime. We also investigate the orbital periastron advance caused by the Lense−Thirring effect in a PSR-NS system with P

b
= 8 minutes, and show that the Lense−Thirring effect will be detectable to a good precision.
Methods of trichlorosilane synthesis for polycrystalline silicon production. Part 1: Direct synthesis
Authors: Jarkin Vladimir N. , Kisarin Oleg A. , Kritskaya Tatyana V.
Published: November 2021

Novel technical solutions and ideas for increasing the yield of solar and semiconductor grade polycrystalline silicon processes have been analyzed. The predominant polycrystalline silicon technology is currently still the Siemens process including the conversion of technical grade silicon (synthesized by carbon-thermal reduction of quartzites) to trichlorosilane followed by rectification and hydrogen reduction. The cost of product silicon can be cut down by reducing the trichlorosilane synthesis costs through process and equipment improvement. Advantages, drawbacks and production cost reduction methods have been considered with respect to four common trichlorosilane synthesis processes: hydrogen chloride exposure of technical grade silicon (direct chlorination, DC), homogeneous hydration of tetrachlorosilane (conversion), tetrachlorosilane and hydrogen exposure of silicon (hydro chlorination silicon, HC), and catalyzed tetrachlorosilane and dichlorosilane reaction (redistribution of anti-disproportioning reaction). These processes remain in use and are permanently improved. Catalytic processes play an important role on silicon surface, and understanding their mechanisms can help find novel applications and obtain new results. It has been noted that indispensable components of various equipment and process designs are recycling steps and combined processes including active distillation. They provide for the most complete utilization of raw trichlorosilane, increase the process yield and cut down silicon cost.
Living in extreme environments: distribution of Lycium humile (Solanaceae), an endemic halophyte from the Altiplano-Puna region, South America
Authors: Palchetti María Virginia , Cantero Juan José , Morales-Fierro Vanezza , Barboza Gloria E. , Moreira-Muñoz Andrés
Published: November 2021

Very few Solanaceae species are able to grow in saline soils; one of them isLycium humile. This species is endemic to the Altiplano-Puna region (Central Andes, South America) where there are multiple extreme environmental conditions such as hypersaline soils. Here we present an updated description and distribution ofL. humileincluding its new record for Bolivia at the edges of “Salar de Uyuni”, the largest salt flat in the world; we discuss its ecological role in saline environments by analyzing soil salinity and cover-abundance values ​​of the studied sites. According to IUCN criteria, we recommend a category of Least Concern forL. humile, but the growing development of lithium mining in saline environments of the Altiplano-Puna region may potentially threaten exclusive communities.
The first fossil Coleoptera record from the Volyn Region, Ukraine, with description of a new Glesoconomorphus (Coleoptera, Mycteridae) in syninclusion with Winterschmidtiidae (Acari) and a key to species
Authors: Telnov Dmitry , Perkovsky Evgeny E. , Vasilenko Dmitry V. , Yamamoto Shûhei
Published: November 2021

Glesoconomorphus ekaterinaesp. nov. (Coleoptera, Mycteridae), representing the first ever fossil species of Coleoptera from the Volyn Region of Ukraine and the first mycterid from late Eocene Rovno amber, is described and illustrated. A key to species of the fossil mycterid genus Glesoconomorphus Alekseev, Pollock & Bukejs, 2019 is presented. The systematic position of Glesoconomorphus within Eurypinae J. Thomson, 1860 is briefly discussed. The oldest finding of phoretic Winterschmidtiidae Oudemans, 1923 mites, found on the type specimen of the new beetle species, is reported.
Mesurer le risque d’inondation en ville
Authors: Guevara Viquez Sofia
Published: November 2021

Développés par des ingénieurs, les modèles hydrologiques constituent une méthode d’anticipation du risque d’inondation en aménagement du territoire. En simulant des inondations futures, ils définissent les champs des possibles du développement immobilier en milieu urbain, où les terrains disponibles à la construction sont rares. L’article examine l’élaboration et l’évaluation de ces modèles en éclairant les rationalités qui s’y confrontent, les hypothèses qui les sous-tendent, ainsi que les contraintes avec lesquelles les ingénieurs composent pour les rendre opérationnels. Les ingénieurs modélisateurs naviguent entre ambitions théoriques de maîtrise de l’incertain et difficultés pratiques inhérentes aux imprévus du réel et aux injonctions politiques et budgétaires associées aux projets de construction. À partir d’une enquête par entretiens auprès des praticiens à San José, Costa Rica, cet article illustre des tensions dans la maîtrise du risque d’inondation dans une métropole du Sud.
S’accorder, vouloir dire et être reconnu·e au cours d’un entretien
Authors: Beldame Yann , Silvestri Laura
Published: November 2021

Dans cet article nous analysons les interactions verbales survenues lors d’entretiens de recherche que nous avons réalisés avec des jeunes de 16 à 25 ans porteur·euse·s d’une trisomie 21 dans le cadre d’une enquête sur le devenir adulte des jeunes ayant des anomalies chromosomiques. Nous analyserons la manière dont les attentes et les représentations des enquêté·e·s, de leurs parents et des chercheur·e·s sur les personnes catégorisées « déficientes intellectuelles » ont pu contribuer à la constitution des normes d’interaction verbale et participer de la co-construction de situations de handicap. Nous nous arrêterons en particulier sur deux questions : celle de la compréhension mutuelle entre les chercheur·e·s et les enquêté·e·s, et celle des conditions de possibilité de l’expression de la parole des jeunes porteur·euse·s de trisomie 21. Cette dernière question permettra de s’interroger sur la possibilité de « vouloir dire » ce qui se dit lors d’un entretien de recherche, ainsi que sur les conditions de reconnaissabilité des personnes interviewées.
On the structure of $ \alpha $-limit sets of backward trajectories for graph maps
Authors: Foryś-Krawiec Magdalena , Hantáková Jana , Oprocha Piotr
Published: November 2021

In the paper we study what sets can be obtained as \begin{document}$ \alpha $\end{document}-limit sets of backward trajectories in graph maps. We show that in the case of mixing maps, all those \begin{document}$ \alpha $\end{document}-limit sets are \begin{document}$ \omega $\end{document}-limit sets and for all but finitely many points \begin{document}$ x $\end{document}, we can obtain every \begin{document}$ \omega $\end{document}-limits set as the \begin{document}$ \alpha $\end{document}-limit set of a backward trajectory starting in \begin{document}$ x $\end{document}. For zero entropy maps, every \begin{document}$ \alpha $\end{document}-limit set of a backward trajectory is a minimal set. In the case of maps with positive entropy, we obtain a partial characterization which is very close to complete picture of the possible situations.
Optimality conditions of singular controls for systems with Caputo fractional derivatives
Authors: Yusubov Shakir Sh. , Mahmudov Elimhan N.
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we consider an optimal control problem in which a dynamical system is controlled by a nonlinear Caputo fractional state equation. The problem is investigated in the case when the Pontryagin maximum principle degenerates, that is, it is satisfied trivially. Then the second order optimality conditions are derived for the considered problem.
Three-way decision based on canonical soft sets of hesitant fuzzy sets
Authors: Feng Feng ,   Department of Applied Mathematics, School of Science, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an 710121, China, Wan Zhe , Alcantud José Carlos R. , Garg Harish ,   School of Economics and Management, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an 710121, China,   BORDA Research Unit and Multidisciplinary Institute of Enterprise (IME), University of Salamanca, E37007 Salamanca, Spain,   School of Mathematics, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Deemed University, Patiala 147004, Punjab, India
Published: November 2021

The theory of three-way decision is built on the philosophy of thinking in threes. The essence of three-way decision is trisecting the whole and taking different strategies for different parts accordingly. The theory of three-way decision has been successfully implemented to diverse fields since it provides an elegant and efficient solution for solving complicated problems. In this paper, a useful representation for hesitant fuzzy sets is obtained by means of canonical soft sets. We also define unit interval parameterized soft sets and their derived hesitant fuzzy sets. Mutual representations and inner connections between hesitant fuzzy sets and soft sets are examined. With the help of soft rough sets, a generalized rough model based on hesitant fuzzy sets is established. A novel three-way decision method is presented for solving decision-making problems by means of hesitant fuzzy sets and canonical soft sets. Finally, a numerical example regarding peer review of research articles is given to illustrate the validity and efficacy of the proposed method.
Models to assess imported cases on the rebound of COVID-19 and design a long-term border control strategy in Heilongjiang Province, China
Authors: Zhang Xianghong ,   Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China, Song Yunna , Tang Sanyi , Xue Haifeng , Chen Wanchun , Qin Lingling , Jia Shoushi , Shen Ying , Zhao Shusen , Zhu Huaiping ,   Basic Medicine School, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, 161006, China,   LAMPS, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada,   School of Mathematics and Information Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China,   Qiqihar Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qiqihar, 161005, China,   Qiqihar Seventh Hospital, Qiqihar, 161006, China
Published: November 2021

Since the outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China in December 2019, it has spread quickly and become a global pandemic. While the epidemic has been contained well in China due to unprecedented public health interventions, it is still raging or not yet been restrained in some neighboring countries. Chinese government adopted a strict policy of immigration diversion in major entry ports, and it makes Suifenhe port in Heilongjiang Province undertook more importing population. It is essential to understand how imported cases and other key factors of screening affect the epidemic rebound and its mitigation in Heilongjiang Province. Thus we proposed a time switching dynamical system to explore and mimic the disease transmission in three time stages considering importation and control. Cross validation of parameter estimations was carried out to improve the credibility of estimations by fitting the model with eight time series of cumulative numbers simultaneous. Simulation of the dynamics shows that illegal imported cases and imperfect protection in hospitals are the main reasons for the second epidemic wave, the actual border control intensities in the province are relatively effective in early stage. However, a long-term border closure may cause a paradox phenomenon such that it is much harder to restrain the epidemic. Hence it is essential to design an effective border reopening strategy for long-term border control by balancing the limited resources on hotel rooms for quarantine and hospital beds. Our results can be helpful for public health to design border control strategies to suppress COVID-19 transmission.
Exchange Design and Efficiency
Authors: Rostek Marzena , Yoon Ji Hee
Published: November 2021

Most assets clear independently rather than jointly. This paper presents a model based on the uniform‐price double auction which accommodates arbitrary restrictions on market clearing, including independent clearing across assets (allowed when demand for each asset is contingent only on the price of that asset) and joint market clearing for all assets (required when demand for each asset is contingent on the prices of all assets). Additional trading protocols for traded assets—neutral when the market clears jointly—are generally not redundant innovations, even if all traders participate in all protocols. Multiple trading protocols that clear independently can be designed to be at least as efficient as joint market clearing for all assets. The change in price impact brought by independence in market clearing can overcome the loss of information, and enhance diversification and risk sharing. Except when the market is competitive, market characteristics should guide innovation in trading technology.
Teaching Offensive Lab Skills
Authors: Trabelsi Zouheir , McCoey Margaret , Wang Yang
Published: November 2021

This chapter identifies and discusses the learning outcomes to be achieved because of hands-on lab exercises using ethical hacking. It discusses the ethical implications associated with including such labs in the information security curriculum. The discussion is informed by analyses of log data on student malicious activities, and the results of student surveys. The examination of student behavior after acquiring hands-on offensive skills shows that there is potentially a high risk of using these skills in an inappropriate and illegal manner. While acknowledging the risk and the ethical problems associated with teaching ethical hacking, it strongly recommends that information security curricula should opt for a teaching approach that offers students both offensive hands-on lab exercises coupled with ethical practices related to the techniques. The authors propose steps to offer a comprehensive information security program while at the same time minimizing the risk of inappropriate student behavior and reducing institutional liability in that respect and increasing the ethical views and practices related to ethical hacking.
Indian and ASEAN Trade Relations With the Changing Framework of India's Look East Policy
Authors: Kaur Gurpreet , Bhangu Jyotsana
Published: November 2021

In 1992 Narshima Rao launched the Look East Policy to tend towards south-eastern neighbours and also to connect with East Asia. The main goal of the Look East Policy is to increase economic cooperation and strategic defence cooperation to balance the growing Chinese domination over South-East Asia and the sea. In 2014, the Government of India would come up with a new phase of the Look East Policy and announced the Act East Policy that can be considered as the new age of economic development, industrialization, and trade. The Act East Policy and Look East Policy both have some similarity. The chapter analyzes the India-ASEAN trade activities after the formation of ASEAN bloc specifically from 2001 to 2018. To fulfil the objectives of study trade indices, similarity and diversification has been used. The study found that with changing framework of India's foreign policy for ASEAN, trade share of India and ASEAN in the bi-lateral arrangement significantly increased.
Exploring Accessibility in Online and Blended Learning
Authors: Fovet Frederic
Published: November 2021

The covid crisis has created an emergency public health situation in the K-12 sector globally that has imposed an overnight pivot to online and blended teaching and significantly accelerated a shift that had been a decade coming. There have definitely been positive outcomes to this health crisis, and change has been accelerated in schools: technology has had to be rapidly integrated, online teaching developed at lightning speed, blended instruction embraced without hesitation. These changes had faced considerable resistance in the K-12 sector before then. Unfortunately, the positive outcomes have also been accompanied by worrying challenges. Accessibility, in particular, has been set aside during the pivot, and many forms of online and blended teaching developed during the pandemic have been far from inclusive. The needs of students with disabilities have been neglected. The chapter argues that universal design for learning is a convenient, hands-on, and user-friendly framework to guide teachers as they reflect on inclusion within these innovative online learning spaces.
Upgrading Classroom Environments for Tomorrow's Learners
Authors: Carlson Kristen
Published: November 2021

Educational structure in the P-12 environment has not changed in a century. However, with the onset of the coronavirus pandemic, school districts were forced to become innovative in their lesson delivery models. That necessary shift has provided innovative thinking for administrators and teacher leaders about what classrooms of tomorrow might look like, supported by a hybrid model or completely online courses. This chapter will outline how to design and implement courses for a potential hybrid or online class from a teacher perspective. Further, suggestions for administrators to support the ever-evolving role of the teacher will be shared.
The Possibilities of Blended Learning to Resolve the Education Crisis
Authors: Dogra Ambalika , Naicker Sigamoney Manicka
Published: November 2021

This chapter has argued that the blended learning model can be a panacea for addressing the serious challenges facing education authorities universally. Whilst it offers many pedagogical insights and tremendous pedagogical value based on several studies, it fails to provide equal opportunity and economic freedoms, thus leaving the majority of vulnerable children in the world marginalized. The chapter has made a case for a blended schooling system instead of a traditional model which is extremely expensive. The trends of the practices of blended learning were analyzed, and it was found that most of the studies defined blended learning from the point of view of its online and traditional elements without considering pedagogy. These studies suggested using new methods of learning and teaching in online technologies to implement blended learning to K-12 students. The authors also proposed a conceptual inclusive blended learning model to reduce digital inequality and which is one of the ways most children in the world can gain access to the mainstream economy and social life.
The Impact of the Professional Development Training of Primary Education Teachers on Issues of Educational Robotics as a Learning Tool
Authors: Neophytou Raphaela , Eteokleous Nikleia
Published: November 2021

Studies reveal a number of factors which influence teachers' decisions to use educational robotics (ER)in the classroom. One of these factors is teachers' professional development training (PDF). PDF is considered to be an encouraging factor that obstructs the successful application of educational robotics (ER) among the teachers. This chapter addresses the importance of professional development training (PDT) by examining its effectiveness in integrating educational robotics (ER) in the educational practice for teaching and learning purposes in various cognitive subjects. The sample of the study consisted of 23 elementary school teachers. The data used in this research was collected via pre and post structured questionnaires and classroom observations. The findings reveal the importance of PDT and suggest that PDT for teachers in ER were valuable in contributing to improve teachers ER skills and knowledge.
Creating Educational Robots
Authors: Fislake Martin
Published: November 2021

After more than 30 years of development, the designing, constructing, and programming of educational robots is still enjoying increasing popularity in formal, non-formal, and informal educational settings. Although building instructions and required technical components are easily available and accessible, the realization of own teaching projects is a special challenge and is subject to decisive influences. This includes the content-related training of teachers as well as their attitudes and ways of thinking and acting. Therefore, the first section of this chapter spans an arc from the didactic concept of the extracurricular project technikcamps related to robotics. The experiences gained from it and the consequences for teacher training to the philosophical roots of technical education follows. In connection with this, the main part deals with the technological basics of creating educational robots in general. It leads from manufacturing single parts through the creation of a support structure and automation to the application of the engineering design process.
Stimulating Creativity and Innovation Through Apt Educational Policy
Authors: Atiku Sulaiman Olusegun , Anane-Simon Richmond
Published: November 2021

The gap between expected and actual skillsets to drive workforce creativity and developing innovative products and services in recent times suggests the need for a thorough review of educational policy. The required level of creativity and innovation could be stimulated through educational policy review and effective implementation of action plans to meet expectations in the fourth industrial revolution. A literature review approach was adopted to examine the issues in current education system, as well as the emerging trends within the system to promote creative learning. The findings show that discipline-specific instructional strategies propelled by technological innovations (educational virtual reality games) are essential in stimulating creativity and innovation. Gamification in learning pedagogies not only promotes important academic learning but also builds the skills required for success in the 21st century.
Moving the Tourism Industry to Online Marketing and Sales
Authors: Akel Gökhan
Published: November 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic, which directly affected many industries around the world and was referred to as a major crisis, had the greatest impact on the tourism industry due to travel restrictions. The most important reason why COVID-19 is associated with the tourism industry is that international travel is extremely effective in the spread of the virus. Therefore, tourism is one of the industries affected by travel restrictions, quarantine, and isolation practices to slow and stop the spread of the virus. In addition to preventions, tourism sales and marketing activities were suddenly interrupted due to health concerns of individuals who want to travel. So, it is very important to examine the impacts and opportunities caused by COVID-19 in tourism sales and marketing. With the impact of tourism from COVID-19, the moving of marketing and sales to online has been quicker with the developing technology. The necessity to adapt to digital transformation is drastically changing online marketing and sales activities, and it will change even more in the future.
Advertising in the Age of Ad-Blockers
Authors: Dinana Hesham Osama
Published: November 2021

In the new VUCA (Volatile, Uncertain, Complex, and Ambiguous) world that consumers live in, there are new rules that will reshape all elements of advertising. Many shifts need to be studied and analyzed. These include issues such as consumer migration to the new on-line digital platforms, the changing consumer viewing behaviors, and interaction with content. Advertisers as well as advertising agencies are reshaping their business models and their understanding of the industry future. This chapter will explore the impact of technology, data proliferation, and omni-channel customer touchpoints on how organizations will manage advertising and consumer communication strategies. The author will review the opportunities provided by technology for advertisers to get insights about the digital-age consumer and the threats due to the control tools that consumers can use such as ad-blockers. This chapter will review the impact of ad-blockers on digital ad ecosystem and measures taken by advertisers to fight against them.
Virtual Reality in Patient-Physician Relationships
Authors: Liu Haoyu , Dong Bowen , Yen Pi-Ying
Published: November 2021

The chapter examines the applications of virtual reality (VR) in patient-physician relationships. Specifically, this chapter focuses on three-dimensional medical imaging that facilitates explanation purposes. Though the literature on VR in medicine exists, the discussion of applying VR in patient-physician relationships, an immensely important topic of medicine, is sparse. The authors present a case of VR application in orthopedics to demonstrate how this technology promotes patient-physician relationships and, as a result, affects the medical industry. The opportunities and challenges of applying VR to medicine are also discussed. This chapter contributes to better incorporating VR into treatment and understanding the impact of emerging technologies on medicine.
Virtual Reality Scene Development for Upper Limb Tendonitis Rehabilitation Game
Authors: Sie Karen , Tang Yuk Ming , Fong Kenneth Nai Kuen
Published: November 2021

With the development of new technology, it is common that excessive use puts undue strain on the hands and finger tendons. This increases the risk of developing many forms of tendonitis. The objective in this project is to use the latest virtual reality (VR) technology to build a preventive rehabilitation game for raising public awareness of upper limb tendonitis. A survey of 141 respondents was first undertaken to find how much the general public knows about upper limb tendonitis. A virtual game is then created using the Unity3D game engine and 3Ds Max for 3D modeling. It is evaluated after being tested by five participants. The majority of respondents to the questionnaire did not know the cause or implications of tendon issues. Almost half of them spent 8.8 hours per day on computers and smartphones, with only 4 minutes per day spent exercising their hands and fingers. The participants gave positive comments towards the designed rehabilitation game and believe it can help to avoid fatigue caused by prolonged smartphone and computer use.
Demystifying Augmented Reality (AR) in Marketing From the E-Commerce Perspective
Authors: Sabetzadeh Farzad , Wang Yusong
Published: November 2021

Augmented reality (AR) technology has been widely used in various business applications in the past five years. Since the beginning of 2020, with the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on various industries, AR has become one of the technologies that have significantly reduced physical interactions between buyers and sellers. This chapter reflects its finding in fours areas: 1) eCommerce mobile AR apps can allow customers to better interact with products virtually. 2) AR facilitates customer shopping journey in three stages of purchasing, namely before-purchase, purchase, and after-purchase stages. 3) Design and develop mobile AR apps with two features of virtuality and interactivity to the extent that enables customers to favor AR apps to the offline shopping experience in a sustainable trend. 4) Online retailers can utilize their AR apps to predict target customers' preferences, hence giving them effective promotions to motivate them to buy their preferred products online.
Blockchain Technology and Healthcare Applications
Authors: Venaik Anita , Bansal Sanjeev , Kumari Rinki
Published: November 2021

Blockchain technology (BCT) is an evolving digital technology that changes digital operations' dimensions by conducting distributed ledger transactions without the involvement of third parties. The chapter aims to examine the use of BCT in healthcare and develop a hierarchical theoretical framework. The framework is based on the stakeholder principle and exposes BC's effect on smart healthcare. Its decentralised existence is an ideal catalyst for the much-needed transition toward well-organised healthcare as it solves the most pressing issues.
Safety and Security Beyond Industry 4.0
Authors: Gumzej Roman
Published: November 2021

As open standards like OPC UA were introduced to facilitate the interoperability of devices, safety and security standards were only gradually incorporated into Industry 4.0 designs. Hence, safety and security issues have eventually emerged with the growing complexity of such systems, and they need to expand outside of their premises to be integrated into larger set-ups. Typical examples thereof are power grids, whose dependability was guarded for long times by strict rules and restrictive communication protocols. Once they were exposed on the Internet, however, their vulnerability has increased to a point where their safety could be compromised. Hence, there is an urgent need to implement effective safety and security mechanisms into OPC UA to provide systems with appropriate levels of functional safety as well as data security. With increasing levels of integration, e.g. with Industry 5.0, these standards need to evolve to provide for sustainability in a globally interconnected world.
The Impact of Job Engagement on Employee Performance Within the Medical Sector in Zimbabwe
Authors: Tshuma Noah
Published: November 2021

The issue of job engagement has been central around the performance of employees as evidenced by the negotiations which have been aimed to serve as an impetus vehicle to seek attention for engagement. The process of engaging employees is vital for any organisation to succeed but it appears employees within the Zimbabwean medical sector feel neglected. The issue of job engagement has led to a standoff within the health sector. The study adopted the positivism research philosophy and the case study research design. The sample size was 140 respondents drawn from a population of 180 respondents and a structured questionnaire was adopted as the main research instrument. Findings revealed there is a positive relationship between Job characteristics and job engagement. Findings revealed also that there is a positive relationship between rewards & recognition and job engagement. Recommendations are that the medical sector should as a matter of urgency review its rewards systems to all of its employees to enhance job engagement and organisational performance.
The Influence of In-Store Ambience on Consumer Purchasing Behaviour
Authors: Cloete Stanley , Semente Efigenia Madalena Mario
Published: November 2021

This study assesses in-store ambience or atmospherics of a selected apparel retail store to determine its possible influence on consumer behaviour at the selected store. Forty-five (45) walk-in customers were conveniently selected to participate in the quantitative, cross sectional study. The study concluded that there is a significant positive relationship between in-store ambience and consumer purchasing behaviour at the selected retail store. The study provides recommendations for both theory and practice
Adaptive-Sunflower-Based Grey Wolf Algorithm for Multipath Routing in IoT Networks
Authors: Pingale Reena P. , Shinde S. N. (496f9936-0f8f-4b2e-a10c-8b656de7a925
Published: November 2021

This paper devises a routing method for providing multipath routing in an IoT network. Here the fractional artificial bee colony(FABC) algorithm is devised for initiating the clustering process. Moreover, the multipath routing is performed by the newly devised optimization technique, namely adaptive-sunflower-based grey wolf (adaptive-SFG) optimization technique, which is designed by incorporating adaptive idea in sunflower-based grey wolf technique. In addition, the fitness function is newly devised by considering certain factors that involve context awareness, link lifetime energy, trust, and delay. For the computation of the trust, additional trust factors like direct trust, indirect trust, recent trust, and forwarding rate factor are considered. Thus, the proposed adaptive-SFG algorithm selects the multipath for routing based on the fitness function. Finally, route maintenance is performed to ensure routing without link breakage. The proposed adaptive-SFG outperformed other methods with high energy of0.185J minimal delay of 0.765 sec maximum throughput of 47.690% and maximum network lifetime of 98.7%.
Hate Speech Detection Using Text Mining and Machine Learning
Authors: Alaoui Safae Sossi , Farhaoui Yousef , Aksasse Brahim
Published: November 2021

Automatic hate speech detection on social media is becoming an outstanding concern in modern countries. Indeed, hate speech towards people brings about violent acts and social chaos, hence law prohibits it, and it engenders moral and legal implications. It is crucial that we can precisely categorize the hate speech, and not a hate speech automatically, while this allows us to identify easily real people who represent a threat for our society, and who wrongly regard as hateful speakers. In this paper, we applied a complete text mining process and Naïve Bayes machine learning classification algorithm to two different data sets (tweets_Num1 and tweets_Num2) taken from Twitter, to better classify tweets. The results obtained demonstrate that our model performed well regarding different metrics based on the confusion matrix including the accuracy metric, which achieved 87. 23% on the first dataset, and 93. 06% on the second.
An Approach to Optimize Container Locations in a Containership With Electre III
Authors: Tahiri Hocine , Bouamrane Karim , Yachba Khadidja
Published: November 2021

In this article, we treat the problem of container storage in the export direction, exactly in the containership loading process. We propose an approach to the problem of container placement in a containership by describing a decision model to help decision-makers (handling operators) to minimize the total containers shifting. This is obtained by using a multicriteria decision method named Electre III (Elimination and Choice Expressing Reality) to identify the best location of any container. Here, we consider four criteria: the container destination, the container weight, the departure date of the container and the container type. This method has as input a matrix of performance and the subjective parameters and gives a ranking of alternatives as an output.
Parametric Model for Flora Detection in Middle Himalayas
Authors: Sharma Aviral , Nigam Saumya
Published: November 2021

Plant detection forms an integral part of the life of the forest guards, researchers, and students in the field of Botany and for common people also who are curious about knowing a plant. But detecting plants suffer a major drawback that the true identifier is only the flower and in certain species flowering occurs at major time period gaps spanning from few months to over 100 years (in certain types of bamboos). Machine Learning-based systems could be used in developing models where the experience of researchers in the field of plant sciences can be incorporated into the model. In this paper, we present a machine learning-based approach based upon other quantifiable parameters for the detection of the plant presented. The system takes plant parameters as the inputs and will detect the plant family as the output.
Deterministic Decision Support System for the Assessment of Cities Based on Air Quality Indicators
Authors: Garg Rakesh , Raheja Supriya
Published: November 2021

A deterministic decision support system is developed for the assessment of various Indian cities based on the air quality parameters in this research. The present study shapes the assessment of cities as a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem due to the involvement of many indicators. To solve the present assessment problem the authors use an MCDM method, namely distance-based approach (DBA), that mainly works on the Euclidean distance calculation for each city from the optimal point and ranks the cities on the basis of their calculated distances. The city scoring minimum distance value is ranked at top position, and the city with the maximum distance value at the last position.
Optimal Strategy for Supplier Selection in a Global Supply Chain Using Machine Learning Technique
Authors: Eyika Gaida Itoua Wanck , Mittal Mandeep , Yadav Ajay Singh
Published: November 2021

This paper proposes an optimization strategy for the best selection process of suppliers. Based on recent literature reviews, the paper assumes a selection of commonly used variables for selecting suppliers and using logistic regression algorithm technique to build a model of optimization that learns from customer requirements and supplier data and then makes predictions and recommendations for best suppliers. The supplier selection process can quickly at times turn into a complex task for decision-makers to deal with the growing number of suppliers. But logistics regression technique makes the process easier in the ability to efficiently fetch customer requirements with the entire supplier base list by predicting a list of potential suppliers meeting the actual requirements. The selected suppliers make up the recommendation list for the best suppliers for the requirements. And finally, graphical representations are given to showcase the framework analysis, variable selection, and other illustrations about the model analysis.
MQTT-Based QoS Model for IoT-M2M Critical Applications
Authors: Barkat Sami , Bilami Azeddine , Benayache Ayoub
Published: November 2021

The expeditious development of information technology provides opportunities for new remote and monitoring critical systems to be performed based on IoT technologies and M2M communications. This paper discusses important QoS issues in IoT systems and suggests a new QoS model for critical IoT applications, where each information must be delivered only once and in real-time. The proposal is based on the MQTT protocol with dynamic QoS handling, accordingly to the information importance. A prioritization scheme is adopted using different traffic classes, considering specific requirements for real-time communications and reliable operations while reducing end-to-end delay, packet loss, bandwidth, and energy consumption.
Public E-Participation Services as a Cure for Declining Voter Turnout
Authors: Klačmer Mario
Published: November 2021

Purpose of this paper is to identify factors influencing the intention to use and develop a model for measuring the intention to use public e-participation services. As a added value, paper is examining the structure of needs for different levels of public e-participation services. As for the methodology, this paper provides an empirical evaluation of Davis's Technology Acceptance Model extended with non-technical constructs of the Planned Behavior Theory and Trust Model. Validity and hypotheses of the newly proposed multidimensional structural model were tested using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling. PLS-SEM research results significantly confirmed three out of seven hypotheses. There is a positive and statistically significant correlation between “Expected usefulness”, “Expected behaviour control” and “Trust in the Internet” with the intention to use public e-participation services (p<0.05). Concerning demand-side, research results demonstrate that the majority of the respondents prefers public e-participation services of a higher level of complexity.
Sustainability and Green Socio-Ecosystem Resilience
Authors: Vargas-Hernández José G. , Ali Muhammad Mahboob
Published: November 2021

Humanity is facing a series of critical challenges, global warming being one the most important. Consequently, sustainability and resilience have become key elements in better response to the crisis and maintaining an equilibrium between ecology, economics, and various social domains. The design and use of urban land should consider including a multi-functional green infrastructure to obtain different benefits, from ecosystem services to value creation. Additionally, the urban land-use planning system contributes to economic growth, social development and environmental sustainability, while biodiversity can provide renewal and reorganization capacities for changes in the social-ecosystems. All these elements bring forth a different paradigm for the future decisions of communities. Paper seeks to synthesize Keywords: Resilience, sustainability, urban land use.
Toward an IoT-Based Software-Defined Plumbing Network System With Fault Tolerance
Authors: Bouneb Zine El Abidine , Saidouni Djamel Eddine
Published: November 2021

in this paper we will see the application of computer science algorithms to the plumbing system. We propose a fault tolerant tap water system which is impossible without Internet of things and algorithms . We will show that the problem is a mutual exclusion group problem and we propose an adapted algorithm version from the literature as a solution . Coupling algorithms with the configurable plumbing network we believe that this will open new field of research on IoT we called it software defined plumbing Network where components that have been traditionally implemented in hardware (e.g. water mixers, spring faucets ,flow sensors, etc.) are instead implemented by means of software . This way we can solve other problem like instantaneous hot water,automatic cleaning of the water heater..etc since due to computer algorithms the systems can be easily smart, extensible and adaptive.