bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sol-Gel Preparation of Fe-Doped TiO2 Loaded on HZSM-5 Zeolite
Authors: Zhang Wen Jie , Wang Kuan Ling , Yu Yang
Published: November 2010

Iron doped TiO2 nanoparticles with different doping amounts were prepared using sol–gel method and characterized. These materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Photocatalytic activities of the supported catalysts were examined for decolorization processes of methyl orange (MO) solution under UV irradiation. The results showed that doping of Fe3+ enhanced the photocatalytic activity of TiO2/HZSM-5, and the optimum Fe3+ doping of Fe/Ti mole ratio for TiO2/HZSM-5 was 0.07%. Doping of Fe3+ did not change the surface morphology of TiO2/HZSM-5. The Fe3+-doped TiO2/HZSM-5 possessed the anatase structures and Ti-O-Si bonds did not form between the HZSM-5 bulk and the supported TiO2.
Preparation of Ceramic Moulds with Zirconia Coatings for the Investment Casting of TiAl Alloys
Authors: Chen Yuong , Chen Yan Fei , Xiao Shu Long , Tian Jing , Xu Li Juan
Published: November 2010

In this paper, a preparation method concerning ceramic moulds with zirconia coating used for the investment casting of TiAl alloys has been described. The processing technology of ceramic moulds was verified successfully using the ceramic moulds with zirconia coating prepared by recommended processing parameters. Interfacial reactions between ceramic moulds and TiAl alloys examined by OM (optical microscope), SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and XRD (X-ray diffraction) are presented in this paper. The results reveal that the thickness of interfacial reactions layer was about 20 μm.
Research on Predicting the Stability of Partially Stabilized Zirconia Prepared by Microwave Heating Using SVM
Authors: Guo Sheng Hui , Liu Li Jun , Li Dong Bo , Peng Jin Hui , Zhang Li Bo , Chen Guo
Published: November 2010

The stability is a key product performance index, which can directly determine the quality of the partially stabilized zirconia (PSZ), so how to predict the stability of PSZ accurately, quickly and easily in the preparation process is very important. In this paper, a new mathematical model to predict the stability of PSZ prepared by microwave heating was proposed, based on statistical theory (SLT) and support vector machine (SVM) theory, which relates the stability of PSZ and the influence factors, such as the holding temperature, rising rate of temperature, holding time, decreasing rate of temperature and hardening temperature. Typical data collected from 58 experiments were used for the training samples and test samples. Then testing and analyzing was done. The results showed that the SVM model is reasonable and it is accurate and reliable to predict the stability of the partially stabilized zirconia prepared by microwave heating by SVM model. Besides, multiple influence factors can be comprehensively considered in the SVM model, thus a new highly effective method for predicting the stability of PSZ prepared by microwave heating is provided for future application, which is of great significance to theory and practice.
Influences of Commercial SiC and Al2O3-SiC Synthesized from Clay on the Slag Resistance of Corundum Material
Authors: Ma Bei Yue , Zhu Qiang , Sun Yong , Yu Jing Kun , Li Ying
Published: November 2010

The corundum based material was prepared, with fused white corundum, commercial SiC powder and superfine Al2O3-SiC powder synthesized from clay by carbothermal reduction reaction as raw materials. The influences of SiC and Al2O3-SiC powders on the slag penetration and corrosion resistance of the material were investigated, and the slag resistance mechanisms of the additives were also discussed. It was found that the slag resistance of the corundum material by adding Al2O3-SiC and SiC powders could be improved obviously. For improving the slag resistance of the corundum material, adding Al2O3-SiC was much better than adding commercial SiC. When the Al2O3-SiC powder contacted with the molten slag, Al2O3 in the additive could be dissolved into the molten slag immediately, while SiC remained, which caused the viscosity of molten slag to be increased. So, the slag penetration and slag corrosion into the corundum material could be effectively inhibited.
Research on Rheological Behavior of Anion Gemini Surfactant Solution
Authors: Tang Shan Fa , Liu Zhong Yun , Liu Shuang , Hu Xiao Dong , Wu Rui Dong
Published: November 2010

The effects of the hydrocarbon chains and spacer groups of a series of sulfate anion Gemini surfactants(Cm-s-m.2Na+) on the rheological behavior are investigated in this paper. Results show that either length of carbon chain increases or length of linking group decreases, solution viscosity increases, C12-2-12.2Na+ has the best viscosifying ability. Then variation of viscosity of C12-2-12.2Na+ solution with concentration, pH, shear rate, temperature, and hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) are observed. Results indicate that viscosity increases as concentration increases; single-chain cationic surfactants make viscosity increases first then decreases; concentration of multivalent ion increases or temperature raises or shear rate increases, corresponding viscosity decreases; while pH increases, corresponding viscosity rises first and decreases later; HPAM can enhance the viscosity of C12-2-12. 2Na+ solution, showing that gemini surfactant has a good synergism with HPAM.
Simulation of Shell Thickness Distribution and Flow Field in Slab Continuous Casting Mold
Authors: Zhong Hong , Wen Liang Ying , Peng Zheng , Zhang Xiao Lin
Published: November 2010

The shell distribution in the slab continuous casting mold has been simulated coupling a 3-D flow, temperature and volume fraction equations of the molten steel in FLUENT. The simulated results show that the flow velocity around the upper vortex center is decrease and the location of lower vortex center move down as the nozzle port angle increases. The simulated shell thickness in the center on the narrow face become thicker at meniscus and the shell thickness in the center on wide face decreases but the basic distributions of the shell tend to consistency as the nozzle port angle increases. The simulated results also show that the effects of solidified shell on flow field in mold is slight but the velocity of molten steel near the solidified shell. There are remelting near the impact regoins implicit our attentions in order to avoid breaking out.
Slender Rack Processing Methods of Research and Practice
Authors: Qiu Li Jun , Yang Jia , Liu Ying
Published: November 2010

This paper presents a downhole increase in the pumping process used in the rack device processing technology and processing methods. Discussed the process in the processing rack process assurance measures and control of machining accuracy rack approach.
Research on Microstructure and Mechanical Property of the Production of Al-Si Alloy by Electric Warming
Authors: Liu Niu Can , Li Jun Qing , Liu Zhong Xia
Published: November 2010

Adopting quartz plate filter of 20 mesh to filter the ZL102 alloy compounded by Al-30Si coarse alloy produced by electric warming, the Fe content in the alloy is reduced to 0.43% from 1.14%, the big massive and petaloid Fe phase becomes fine block-like. The tensile strength and elongation of the alloy arrive at 182MPa and 4.3% respectively, which increased by 38% and 290% separately compared with the alloy without filtration. The mechanical property of this alloy has been close to the alloy compounded by pure Al and it can fully meet the demand of commercial production.
Evaluation of Mechanical Properties and Microstructures of Casing-Drilling Steels
Authors: Xu Tian Han , Feng Yao Rong , Song Sheng Yin , Jin Zhi Hao
Published: November 2010

An investigation into the mechanical properties of K55，N80 and P110 steels was carried out for casing-drilling technology. The obvious presence of bright facets on broken K55 Charpy V-Notch (CVN) sample surfaces was indicative of the effect of microstructure on the cleavage fracture. The appearing of bright facet surfaces of K55 was attributed to the microstructure of ferrite and pearlite. The fracture surfaces of N80 and P110 CVN samples included quasi-cleavage fracture mechanism and dimple fracture mechanism, respectively. The tensile fracture surface of all three types of casing-drilling steels included dimple fracture mechanism, both the N80 and P110 specimen show higher UTS and impact energy values compared to the K55 specimen.
Investigation on Microstructure Evolution of Hot Deformed Free-Cutting Cu-Zn-Se-Bi-Sn Alloy
Authors: Yang Bin , Liu Bai Xiong , Han Bao Jun , Zhang Li Na , Zhang Ying Hui
Published: November 2010

The microstructure evolution of hot deformed Cu-Zn-Se-Bi-Sn alloy was investigated by Hitachi-800 transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The result shows that there are three different dislocation configurations such as dislocation network, dislocation wall and dislocation cell in hot deformed Cu-Zn-Se-Bi-Sn alloy. The dislocation network was firstly formed in some certain grains of Cu-Zn-Se-Bi-Sn alloy when the deformation strain amounted to 2%. Then dislocations initially arranged regularly beside original grain boundaries and the arranged dislocation walls were formed in some area and sub-grains merging emerged when the deformation strain amounted to 20%. Eventually, obvious dynamic recrystallization nucleation by sub-grain merging emerged in Cu-Zn-Se-Bi-Sn alloy when the strain attached 80%.
Characterization of Bisphenol a Poly(Carbonate) after Multiple Processing Cycles
Authors: Gao Xia , Mi Qin Yong , Zhang Wei , Wang Zhao Hui , Mu Tong Na , Zhang Jun , Liu Rui Gang , He Jia Song , Liu Qing Jun , Zhang Jing Hua
Published: November 2010

Bisphenol A poly(carbonate) (PC) pellets used for production of 5 gallon drink water bottles were reprocessed in a twin-screw extruder for three processing cycles which simulated to those of PC bottle processing conditions. The reprocessed PC pellets were characterized by its mechanical, rheological, thermal, and optical properties. It was found that the mechanical properties of the reprocessed PC samples are slightly decreased after reprocessed. Whereas no further change was observed for the rheological and thermal properties and molecule weight of the PC samples after the second reprocessing cycles. Moreover, the melt flow index, color, and optical properties changed obviously after two reprocessing cycles.
Numerical Modeling of Granular Assembly Using Discrete Element Method
Authors: Zhao Xue Liang
Published: November 2010

Discrete element method (DEM) is a powerful tool for the study of granular materials. Some issues in numerical modeling of DEM including parameter selection and mass/density scaling method are discussed. A new method to simulate the resin membrane in the laboratory which is more accurate and simpler is proposed. Using DEM, microscale behavior of soil including particle rotation and mesoscale void ratio distribution are analyzed. Failure modes and stain localization are revealed from the particle scale analysis. Configurations of the shear band are investigated. It shows that microstructure and micromechanics is the underlying mechanics of the macroscale behavior of the granular soil. Being a simpler, faster, and cheaper method compared with traditional experimental method, DEM can capture the discrete characteristics and provide deeper insight of the granular materials.
Investigation of the Evaporation Processes of Gel Propellant Droplets
Authors: Feng Song Jiang , He Hao Bo , Liu Xue , He Bo , Nie Wan Sheng
Published: November 2010

Due to their high-performance and improved safety, gel propellants can be used in various boost motors and large launchers. The evaporation and combustion characteristics of gel propellants are the foundation for the gel-engine design. Especially, it is basal and important to study the gel droplet evaporation process. In this paper, the gel droplet evaporation model is developed to simulate the gel droplet evaporation process at first. Then the experiments to record the gel droplet evaporation process are conducted. During the droplet evaporation process, the decreased velocity of the droplet diameter increases gradually, whereas that of the droplet mass decreases gradually. The mass of both the liquid fuel and the gellant decreases gradually, however, the gellant mass concentration increases gradually and at the evaporation later stage the gellant mass is larger than that of the liquid fuel. The typical evaporation process characteristics captured by experiments are in reasonable agreement with the gel droplets evaporation mechanism. Especially, the “micro-burst” phenomenon of the gelled propellant may appears in rocket engines.
Effect of the Mixing-Melt and Superheating on the Primary Si Phase of Hypereutectic Al-20%Si Alloy
Authors: Wang Lian Deng , Zhu Ding Yi , Wei Zhe Liang , Chen Yong Lu , Huang Li Guang , Li Qiu Ju , Wang You Sheng
Published: November 2010

The Al-20%Si alloy was prepared by mixing the high temperature melt of hypereutectic Al-30%Si alloy with the pre-crystallized low temperature hypoeutectic Al-10%Si alloy melt and then superheating the mixture, i.e., melts mixing and superheating (for short: MMS), combining with chemical metamorphism. The effect of pre-crystallized characteristic of the mixed melt on microstructure of Al-20%Si alloy was then investigated, The primary Si granules of the sample, poured by melt mixing with different composition and temperature, were well distributed with a grain size of less than 36μm. And after superheating, the primary Si phase of the mixed melt could be further refined and distributed more uniformly, which if adding the modificator into the mixed melt, the size of primary Si were been deceased and refined by less than 20μm. The analysis result shows that the decrease in the temperature of the mixed melt, from the average temperature of 740 °C for the mixture of Al-30%Si (900°C) and Al-10%Si (580°C) to 670°C for present alloy, leads to the increase in the degree of undercooling, and consequently to the refinement of primary Si. During the superheating, the growth, local melting, as well as the proliferation of primary Si occurred because of the unhomogeneous micro-distribution of the temperature and composition within the mixing melt, resulting in the further decrease in the grain size of primary Si. And adding the modificator could promote the effect of modification of primary Si of MMS process on the hypereutectic Al-Si alloy.
Effects of Solution Temperature on Microstructure and Tensile Properties of Casting Duplex Stainless Steel
Authors: Xiang Hong Liang , Liu Dong , He Fu Shan
Published: November 2010

In this paper, effects of solid solution treatment temperature on microstructure and tensile properties of casting SAF 2507 super duplex stainless steel were researched by means of optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and tensile test. The results indicate that the amount of γ phase increases according to a linear relationship f(g ) = -0.134T +159.94 during the temperatures from 1100°C to 1250°C. Tensile properties of casting SAF 2507 super duplex stainless steel fluctuate with solution temperature change. Austenitic grain size and morphology are the most important factors on tensile property. The tensile strength is the highest owing to the finest austenitic grain at the solution temperature of 1150°C. The elongation is related to the fracture mode. At 1100 , elongation ration is highest because of the ductile fracture.
Wear Behavior of AuAg/AgCuNiCe/Cu Commutator in DC Micromotor: A Case Study
Authors: Wang Yong , Xu Yong Hong , Kuang Gang Yao , Zhang Ying
Published: November 2010

In this paper, continuous running test was conducted using the disk drive spindle micromotors used in automobiles DVD. The commutator and brush were made of AuAg/AgCuNiCe/Cu and AgPd/CuNiSn layered composite respectively. In order to investigate the wear behavior of the commutator, the micromotors were dissected after ran continuously for different time. The worn surface of the commutator and the brush were characterized using an SEM equipped with EDS. Also, the cross section of the commutator was analyzed. It was shown that the AuAg layer was not totally worn off until 1500 h of running test. AuAg transferred from the commutator to the brush. It was interesting that Au was found on the silver layer where the depth of wear crater surpassed the thickness of the original AuAg layer. Small particles enriched in Cu, Ni and Ce were observed on the contact surface of AgCuNiCe layer, which was thought to improve the wear resistance of the commutator. The wear mechanism was mainly slight abrasion whereas no effect of arc was found on the sliding contact area.
Nano-Scaled Fe3C Precipitates and Precipitation Strengthening in Hot Rolled Low Carbon High Strength Titanium Microalloyed Steel
Authors: Wang Jian Feng , Li Guang Qiang , Xiao Ai Da , Jie Fu
Published: November 2010

Hot rolled Ti microalloyed steel with polygonal ferrite and granular bainite microstructure and 640 MPa yield strength has been developed in BOF-CSP process. By chemical phase analysis, XRD, EDS and high resolution TEM, the particle size distribution, morphology, composition, crystal structure of precipitates were identified. Results revealed the steel containing Ti exhibits fine and uniformly distributed Fe3C-type carbides, the amount of M3C particles less than 18 nm in size was 0.2565 mass %. The high strength of steel is attributed to the precipitation strengthening effect of Fe3C, the yield strength increment from precipitation strengthening of Fe3C calculated according to the formula by Olson and Ashby-Orowan attained 234.4 MPa.
Study on the Low-Temperature Resistance of Architectural Membrane Material by the Quadratic General Rotary Unitized Design
Authors: Li Chen Yang , Zhang Yi
Published: November 2010

The quadratic general rotary unitized design of two factors, the temperature and the time were used to study the influence of low-temperature to architectural membrane material. The tensile properties of architectural membrane material were tested after low-temperature treatment, and the mathematical models about breaking strength and elongation at break were built. The two mathematical models proved highly significant by F test, which indicates that the low-temperature environment has a distinctive influence on breaking strength and elongation at break of architectural membrane material. The results are kept to serve as a reference for the rational utilization of architectural membrane material in low-temperature environments.
Thermogravimetry Analysis and Kinetic Characteristics of Ti(C,N) Formation by Slag-Coke Reaction
Authors: Hu Chang Qing , Han Wei Gang , Zhang Yu Zhu
Published: November 2010

The non-isothermal experiments of TiO2 reduction to Ti(C,N) were conducted by a comprehensive thermal analyzer in Ar and N2 atmospheres. The mechanism of Ti(C,N) generation was analyzed and the kinetic parameters in different atmospheres were calculated. The results showed that Ti(C, N) formation process was controlled by interface chemical reaction, and the existence of nitrogen would favor the formation of Ti (C, N). TiC transforming into TiN occurred at a temperature above 1200°C.
Laboratory and Field Test Study on Fly Ash as Subgrade Filling
Authors: Wang Huan Ling , He Miao
Published: November 2010

Fly ash has become increasingly wide range of applications in expressway as a new environment friendlymaterial, its range of applications are fromthe CFG( Cement Fly-ash Gravel) pile of soft ground、pavement admixture to embankment materials et al. Fly ash used in expressway has many advantages, such as, it can save farmland, has a small settlement after construction and low cost as a light embankment filling. In this paper, based on an expressway in Jiangsu province, the fly ash used as a subgrade filling, a series of fly ash laboratory and field test have been conducted. The construction technology, important construction parameters, construction process control and compaction quality assessment on fly ash have been analyzed on the basis of the tests result, the road performance and construction control key methods of fly ash obtained, which can guide scientific construction.
Influence Study on Drawbead Setting to Formability of Automobile Sump Based on Numerical Simulation
Authors: Wang Hong Wei , Su Er Wei , Wang Feng
Published: November 2010

Drawbead is an important factor to automobile sump forming process, proper drawbead setting can improve the forming quality significantly, such as uniforming the sump thickness. Using the drawbead setting theory in dynaform software, the drawbead on the compressive annular part which lie in the shallow part of sump was set, that is, three separate line segment shape equivalent drawbead were arranged alone the shallow part of the die. The influence law of different drawbead parameters to the sump thickness variation has been simulated. Simulating results show that after setting drawbead, reduction of sump thickness is reduced 15% relative to not setting one, and drawbead setting has significant influence to the sump forming quality. It is helpful for forming mold design.
Neutron and Photon Research for Texture and Stress Characterisation of Advanced Materials
Authors: Brokmeier Heinz Guenter
Published: November 2010

Worldwide materials science diffractometers at large scale facilities were built recently to improve experimental options for the characterization of advanced materials. Thermal neutrons as well as hard X-rays have a relatively high penetration power that non-destructive investigations of stress profiles and texture gradients are possible. Due to the main difference between neutrons and photons, which is the brilliance of the beam, the gage volume of synchrotron experiments is much smaller than with neutrons. That means, according to the material itself local resolution in mm-scale is preferred by neutrons and in μm scale by synchrotron radiation. The microstructure of laser welded Al shows fine grained parts were synchrotron radiation can be used while coarse grained parts need neutrons for better grain statistics. Both radiations can also be used to perform in situ experiments for stress and texture analysis. A combination of neutron and synchrotron measurements was used to explain the texture influence on the activation of twinning during Mg-extrusion. Neutron diffractometers, such as Stress-Spec@FRM II/Garching-Germany, or synchrotron diffractometers, such as Harwi-II@Haslab/Hamburg-Germany, are excellent for materials characterization in combination with electron diffraction and laboratory X-ray diffraction.
Experimental Study on Direct Reduction of Nb-Bearing Iron Concentrate in Cylinder Reaction
Authors: Zhao Zeng Wu , Li Bao Wei , Wen Ming , Jin Yong Li , Zhang Fu Shun
Published: November 2010

In order to further improve utilization efficiency of Bayan obo Fe-Nb-RE complex deposit, selective reduction of Nb-bearing iron concentrate was achieved by using a reduction processes in reaction cylinder which is heated in tunnel kiln. The experiments were focused on investigating effects of reduction temperature and time on the reduction dynamics of Nb-bearing iron concentrate. The results show that the temperature at the centre of reaction cylinder is lower than its peripheral temperature. The local metallization ratio of the produced sponge iron ring varies from high, to low and to high level along its radius direction. With reduction temperature increasing, the metallization ratio of produced sponge iron is proportionally increasing, and the outer diameter of the sponge iron ring is gradually decreasing. The metallization ratio of the produced sponge iron is gradually increasing with the increase of reduction time.
Pre-Failure Deflection and Residual Load Capacity of Reinforced Lightweight Aggregate Concrete Beams under High-Cycle Fatigue
Authors: Chen How Ji , Liu Te Hung , Tang Chao Wei
Published: November 2010

The present study experimentally investigated the pre-failure and post-fatigue behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) beams constructed with lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC) in comparison with that constructed of normal weight concrete (NWC) of the same compressive strength (40 MPa). A total of twelve RC beams were tested under different fatigue loadings. Based on the experimental observations, the midspan total deflection measured in the fatigue testing consisted of the elastic and plastic components. The mechanismof the two deflection components developed with load cycles was different. The experimental results showed that the fatigue resistance of LWAC beams was better than that of NWC beams for the same fatigue loading levels. It was reflected in both the lower evolution of fatigue damage and the smaller growth of midspan residual deflection. After 2 million cycles, an average increase in residual load capacity of about 8% was found in the NWC beams, while that in the LWA beams remained virtually unchanged.
Lotus Fiber Production and its Property
Authors: Zhang Hong Wei , Li Yong Lan
Published: November 2010

Lotus fiber is produced from lotus stalks with pool dipping，sodium hydroxide boil degum and hydrogen peroxide bleach methods. The spinning properties of specific gravity, linear density, relative strength, relative strength variation coefficient and break elongation were tested. The components and structure of the lotus fiber have been analyzed and indicated with chemical, infrared spectroscopy (IR), X-ray diffractometer (X-RD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that the lotus fiber has similar components, properties and spinning performance with jute and belongs to natural cellulose fiber.
Computer Simulation of an Synthetic Ultraviolet Absorbent in the Interface of DMB and DMF
Authors: Jiang Qi Hua , Zhang Hai Dong , Xiang Bin , He Hai Yun , Deng Ping
Published: November 2010

This work studies the aggregation of an synthetic ultraviolet absorbent, named 2-hydroxy-4-perfluoroheptanoate-benzophenone (HPFHBP), in the interface between two solvents which can not completely dissolve each other. The aggregation is studied by computer simulations based on a dynamic density functional method and mean-field interactions, which are implemented in the MesoDyn module and Blend module of Material Studios. The simulation results show that the synthetic ultraviolet absorbent diffuse to the interface phase and the concentration in the interface phase is greater than it in the solvents phase.
An Analysis on Influencing Factors of Interlayer Separation of Complex Roof in Deep Coal Mining
Authors: Wu De Yi , Wang Ai Lang , Liang Hua Qiang
Published: November 2010

In order to control construction face instability of complex roof and predict roof collapse in deep coal mining, by numerical simulation, distribution of normal stress and interlayer separation of construction surface were calculated and influencing factors on separation of construction surface were analyzed in different conditions. The conclusions were drawn that original rock stress, rock characters, rock thickness and tunnel width had obvious influence and cohesion and friction angle of construction surface had little influence on separation of construction surface.
FEM Simulation of Multipass Shape Rolling Processes
Authors: Yu Hai Liang , Liu Xiang Hua
Published: November 2010

The updating geometric method was proposed to simulate the deformation behavior of workpiece during multipass shape rolling by using finite element method. Firstly, establish and solve the finite element model of the first pass shape rolling process, then update the geometric shape of workpiece after the first pass and delete rolls of the first pass, establish and mesh rolls of the second pass, modify the boundaries and material parameters of workpiece, and solve its deformation behavior during the second pass shape rolling. With the same steps, its deformation behavior during the following passes rolling could be solved. The method was applied to simulate the deformation behavior of a cube workpiece during six-pass H-beam rolling with split-rolling, and its shapes after every pass rolling process were obtained. Experiments on the deformation behavior of slab during multipass rolling were carried out by using pure lead in an experimental mill. The calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental ones.
C, S & N-Doped TiO2 Photocatalyst Prepared by the Reverse-Microemulsion Method
Authors: Zhou An Ning , Wang Xiao Qin , Qu Jian Lin , Wang Yao Dong , Li Yuan Gang , Wang Guang Heng
Published: November 2010

After TiO2/SPAN (Sulfonated Polyaniline) complex prepared by the reverse-microemulsion method was calcinated, C, S & N-doped TiO2 was successfully synthesized with C/S/N/Ti atomic ratio of 12.5/12.2/1.3/100 and formaldehyde-degradation ratio of 58.5%. Its excited wavelength was red-shifted to 433.5 nm and its band gap was degraded to 2.87 eV. XPS analysis proved that C, S & N was doped into TiO2 lattice to form TiC, Ti(CO)n, Ti(CO3)2, Ti(SO3)2, TiS2, TiN and Ti(NO2)n.
Sol-Gel Synthesis and Characterization of BaAl2O4 and Co: BaAl2O4 Nanoparticles
Authors: Luan Cai Na , Ma Jin , Zhu Zhen , Kong Ling Yi , Yu Qiao Qun
Published: November 2010

In this paper, we prepared BaAl2O4 and Co:BaAl2O4 nanoparticles from aqueous solution of metal nitrates containing citric acid as a chelating agent by sol-gel method. The gel was heat-treated at temperatures ranging from 710°C to 1000°C. The heat-treated powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), infrared spectra (IR) and luminescence spectroscopy. From the results of the characterization, we find the prepared powders are pure nano-particles of BaAl2O4 after heat-treated at 900°C temperature. The emission spectra of Co: BaAl2O4 in the visible region indicates the existence of Co2+ in the tetrahedral sites of BaAl2O4 nano-crystal.
Study on Wall Thickness Eccentricity of Seamless Steel Tube
Authors: Lv Qing Gong , Peng Long Zhou , Zhu Jing Qing
Published: November 2010

Wall thickness is measured by a micrometer on shells after piercing, hollows after rolling and tubes after stretch reducing in an Assel production line for seamless steel tubes. The characteristics of wall thickness eccentricity are exhibited, and the heredity and origin of wall thickness eccentricity are analyzed. Finally, the factors influencing wall thickness eccentricity are discussed. The results show that: (1) Wall thickness eccentricity originates from temperature eccentricity in cross section of round billets, comes into being on shells in piercing process, and is passed down to hollows and finally to tubes; (2) Bigger feed angle of piercing, smaller plug diameter and less stability of plug bar will increase wall thickness eccentricity, while complying to the influence of temperature eccentricity on round billets.
Robust Multiscale Design Using PATC and WSRSM
Authors: Xiong Fen Fen , Sun Gao Rong , Zhao Liang Yu
Published: November 2010

Multiscale design dealing with 2-scale material and product system is implemented by employing probabilistic analytical target cascading (PATC) and weighted stochastic response surface method (WSRSM) in this paper. PATC allows design autonomy at each scale subsystem by formulating the multiscale design system as a multilevel structure. WSRSM ensures uncertainties to be propagated within and across each scale accurately and efficiently. Comparative study on a multiscale bracket design problem shows that the results obtained by our strategy are very close to the reference values. It is demonstrated that PATC and WSRSM are highly effective and applicable on multiscale design.
Novel Base Catalysts by Nitridation of Zeolite Y: Characterization and Catalytic Evaluation
Authors: Peng Gong Ming , Yi De Lian , Wu Lin , Ou Yang Zhao Hui , Wang Jian Guo
Published: November 2010

Novel base catalysts were obtained by subjecting Y zeolites to nitridation. These materials were characterized by elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction, BET surface area analysis, In situ diffuse reflectance infrared fourier transform Spectroscopy (in situ DRIFTS), Pyrrole adsorption. The results indicated nitrogen-incorporated NaY zeolite was well ordered and possess high surface area and pore volume. In situ DRIFTS experiments confirmed that N atoms had been introduced into the framework by nitridation to form -NH2- or -NH- species. It was found that Lewis basicity of these oxynitride materials increased by the pyrrole adsorption. Furthmore, the basic catalytic properties of nitrogen-incorporated zeolites were evaluated by Knoevenagal condensation of benzaldehyde with diethyl malonate and enhanced yield of product was achieved.
Preparation of Nano-FeXOY by Thermal Decomposition Method and Morphology Research
Authors: Che Ru Xin , Wang Shuo , Yu Bing
Published: November 2010

Nano-FexOy (including γ-Fe2O3, α-Fe2O3 and Fe3O4) particles were prepared by acetylacetonate iron [Fe(C5H7O2)3] thermal decomposition under air condition at low temperature. X-ray diffusion (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron diffraction pattern (EDP), and specific surface area were carried out to characterized these nanoparticles. The influencing factors of experiment were discussed and studied, and the results show that γ-Fe2O3, α-Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 in different morphology can be obtained respectively by controlling the experiment conditions. The primary particle of Fe3O4 is about 16 nm; the primary particle of γ- Fe2O3 is about 20 nm and arranges compact. The second nanoparticle of γ- Fe2O3 presents catenarian and has the tendency to form an close space.
Nanoindentation Approach for Evaluation of Process Parameters Effect on the Strength of Bonded Au Ball Bonds
Authors: Abdullah Shahrum , Zulkifli Mohd Nubli , Jalar A.
Published: November 2010

The nanoindentation test and geometry measurement have been conducted to evaluate the hardness and geometry changes of bonded Au ball bonds towards the changes of the selected wire bonding parameters namely bonding power, bonding time and bonding force. Three indentations were made on the bonded ball bonds to evaluate the variation of hardness properties with the location of indentation. It was noted that the increase of bonding or ultrasonic power will increase the hardness value for the indentations 1 and 3 located at the periphery of bonded ball bonds. The increase of bonding power also increased the deformation of bonded ball bonds. It was also shown that the increment of bonding time will increase the hardness value across the bonded ball bonds in almost even distribution. The application of the bonding force in the wire bonding process has the least effect on the hardness and geometry changes on the bonded ball bonds.
Numerical Simulation in Rear Axlecap of Automobile Drawing Process and Optimization of Technological Parameters
Authors: Huang Ju Hua , Li Li Xian , Wan Ying Ying , Guo Jun Tuan
Published: November 2010

This paper takes the rear axle cap which is a typical automobile covering part as the research object. 3D and finite element model of it are built, and the drawing process is simulated with Dynaform, then the technological parameters are analyzed and optimized based on the simulation results, finally the part is compared with the one that is processed in practice. The results show that this method is easy and feasible, it not only increase the work efficiency greatly but also improve the quality of products.
Hydrothermal Synthesis, Characterization and Photocatalytic Properties of Zn/Sn-Composite Oxides
Authors: Hu Jing , Ma Ming Guo , Li Jian Zhang
Published: November 2010

The Zn/Sn-composite oxide nanogranules were synthesized via a simple hydrothermal method, and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that the hydrothermal temperature significantly influences the morphology, microstructure, and composition of the as-prepared samples. And the nano-sized ZnO/Zn2SnO4 exhibited high photocatalytic activities on the degradation of methyl orange (MO) under ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation.
Electrical Properties of La2O3-Doped BaTiO3 Ceramics
Authors: Zhang Yan Jie , Fu Wei Guo , Deng Xiang Yun , Yang Ren Bo , Tan Zhong Wen , Han Li Ren , Lu Cheng , Guan Xiao Fen
Published: November 2010

Hysteresis loop and dielectric properties of lead-free BaTiO3-La2O3 piezoelectric ceramics and BaTiO3 ceramic compared with pure BaTiO3 has been systematically studied. The amount of La2O3 addition ranged from 0.3~0.5mol% by controlling the sintering temperature. Dielectric properties of BaTiO3-La2O3 were promoted after the addition of La2O3, the maximum value of dielectric constant reached 8,624, recently. The role of La2O3 on the solid-state sintering of BaTiO3 is discussed on the basis of the solid-solution defect model.
Numerical Study of Dynamic Response of Steel Deck Pavement on the Bascule Bridge
Authors: Liu Yun , Yu Xin , Qian Zhen Dong
Published: November 2010

The bascule bridge is one of the most suitable bridge types for ports and rivers in cities. In order to discuss the mechanical behavior of the pavements in the opening process, the finite element model of the pavement system on the Haihe Bridge being built in Tianjin China was built, and the mechanical response in the opening process was calculated. The research results show that the asphalt paving with the thickness of 30mm~40mm is fit for the bascule bridge. The max shear stresses of pavement between pavement and steel plate in the opening process rise with the increase of Young’s modulus, and the high temperature during the construction and conservation after construction should be provided.
Thermo-Decomposition Process of Preparation of Nanometer Cobalt Ferrite Oxides and their Doped into Peg-20000
Authors: Xiao Li , Qiu Guan Zhou , Xia Le Xian , Chen Han
Published: November 2010

The sol-gel method was used to prepare three kinds of nanometer magnetic particles, the nano-cobalt ferrite oxide powders and those doped by LaCl3.nH2O with different ratio. In the thermo-decomposition process of the precursors to get these magnetic particles, TG/DTG was applied for investigating their character. It has been showed that the difference of the activation energies of these particles in different thermo-decomposition stage, even not in the same stage for different sample. XRD was used to analysis the effect of temperature on precursor of CoFe2O4. It has been showed that the prepared magnetic particles with the average diameter less than 100nm were characterized by XRD and TEM. To study nano-magnetic particles and polymer electrolyte compounds, the three kinds of nanometer magnetic particles were doped into polyethylene glycol-20000 (peg-20000) with different rations respectively to obtain the compound substance with optimal conductivity, 0.686 S.m-1.
Optimization of Nanostructures of Activated Carbon by Mechanical Methods
Authors: Li Sheng Juan , Wang Shu Lin , Li Lai Qiang , Xu Bo
Published: November 2010

The activated carbons(AC) with high specific area were used widely as the electrode materials for the supercapacitors. Here we report the synthesis of nano-activated carbon electrode materials with different pore size distributions by vibration milling at room temperature. The size of the active carbon particles decreased from 20 to 30~50nm depended on the experimental conditions, and the particle distribution became more reasonable. The influence of important preparation technique condition(milling time， exciting frequency， vibration additive) on the nm-AC microstructure were found. Based on SEM, AFM, XRD and BET tests, we experienced the microstructure (crystalline, surface area, pore volume, pore size) of the nm-AC materials. It is found that manganese oxide as milling additive has more notable influence on improvement of material microstructure. Active carbon samples can gain more mesopores in shorter milling time and higher exciting frequency is useful to sample microstructure improvement. In short time，we can gain mesopore structure suitable nano-activated carbon electrode materials through vibration milling method.
Technology of Ferroelectric Electron Emission
Authors: Wang Qiu Ping , Feng Yu Jun , Xu Zhuo , Liu Han Chen
Published: November 2010

Electron emission from ferroelectric cathodes is commonly suggested as an electron source for different application due to its special characteristics such as high current density, easy treatment and operation, etc. The technology of (1-x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3 (PMN-PT) ferroelectric cathode is introduced in this paper. Stable emission current is obtained from the PMN-PT ferroelectric cathode and the characteristic of ferroelectric electron emission is deal with as well.
Gurtin-Type Quasi-Variational Principle of Intelligent Structure Based on Nonlinear Theory
Authors: Liu Zong Min , Song Hai Yan , Mao Ji Ze
Published: November 2010

Intelligent structure is consistently identified as one of techniques getting much attention in the 21 century. With the research and development of intelligent material with large strain, high strength and high performance, the study on the non-linear theory of intelligent structure is a hot spot for research in the future. Based on nonlinear theory, Gurtin-type quasi-variational principle of nonlinear intelligent structure is established in this paper. Finally, some correlative problems are discussed.
Preparation of Titania with Different Morphologies
Authors: Chien Wen Chen , Jang Shyue Ming , Lin Chien Chih
Published: November 2010

In this study, the commercial titanium dioxide (P25) was used to prepare titania aggregates with different morphologies The preparation procedure included the alkali treatment, hydrothermal with different reaction temperature and time, and sequentially spray drying. The results show that the hydrothermal temperature and time have a great influence on the morphology of primary titania particles. The results show that the one-dimensional nanotube, nanorod, and nanowire titania are obtained at T=140°C for t=24h, T=180°C for t=24h, and T=180°C for t=72h, respectively. Moreover, the obtained titania with different primary shapes are successfully applied to prepare the titania secondary particles with various morphologies, i.e., ring-like net structure, bird nest-like porous structure, and dense spherical structure. The optical absorption spectra also show that the titania aggregates obtained after spray drying have a higher optical absorbance in a range of ultraviolet and visible regions.
Large-Scale Patterning and Electric Test of Silver Nanowires by Microfluidic Hydrodynamic Focusing
Authors: Liu Mei , Peng Yan , Guo Qiu Quan , Luo Jun , Yang Jun
Published: November 2010

The special electric characteristic of nanomaterials is one of their spectacular features. To fully explore the electric excellence of nanomaterials, it is mandatory that we assemble and connect the nanomaterials into a closed circuit and test its electric property preliminarily. Here, we design, fabricate and characterize an economic microfluidic device for a simple way to manipulate and align silver nanowires onto electrode arrays, and thus test its electric characteristics easily. This approach provides a feasible way to characterize nanomaterials in large scale and also an efficient method for mass integration of nanodevices.
Field Emission Characteristics of FED with Carbon Nanotube Field Emitters Using Improved Cathode Electrode
Authors: Wu Chao , Xing Wen Sheng , Li Yu Kui
Published: November 2010

Silver slurry was used as conducting material, and the improved silver cathode electrode was fabricated. The CNT paste formed as field emitters was screen-printed on the surface of silver cathode electrode. The diode FED panel with CNT field emitters was sealed, and the fabrication of cathode substrate and anode substrate was described. The screen-printing technology and the sintering process were employed in the course of device fabrication for the silver cathode electrode. The field emission current was measured and the emission image was presented. The packaged FED showed good field emission characteristics and better field emission uniformity, which the manufacture process was also low-cost, feasible and simple.
Fabric Defect Detection Based on SRG-PCNN
Authors: Si Xiao Shu , Zheng Hong , Hu Xue Min
Published: November 2010

Defect segmentation has been a focal point in fabric inspection research, and it remains challenging because it detects delicate features of defects complicated by variations in weave textures and changes in environmental factors. According to the different features between the normal fabric image and defect image, this paper presents an adaptive image segmentation method based on a simplified region growing pulse coupled neural network (SRG-PCNN) for detecting fabric defects. The validation tests on the developed algorithms were performed with fabric images, and results showed that SRG-PCNN is a feasible and efficient method for defect detection.
Inhibition Action and Adsorption Behavior of PESA on Copper
Authors: Xu Qun Jie , Ding Si Jing , Yun Hong , Shi Shi Feng
Published: November 2010

The inhibition action and adsorption behavior of an environment-friendly inhibitor polyepoxysuccinic acid (PESA) on copper in aqueous NaCl (0.02%) solution was investigated by means of electrochemical techniques. The results indicated that the best inhibition efficiency of PESA was 69.5% with the concentration of 12 mg/L at 20 . The adsorption of PASP prevented Cu from being corroded. The adsorption behavior of PASP followed Langmuir isotherm, it was spontaneous, and belonged to chemical adsorption.
Size Controllable Synthesis of Magnetite Fe3O4 Nanoparticles
Authors: Wang Hong , Chen Jian , Yang Rui Song
Published: November 2010

The Magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized through a solvothermal route by using FeCl36H2O and NH4HCO3 as the starting materials. The as-prepared products are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer (SQUID) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). The uniform size of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles can be well controlled from 10 to 90 nm by changing the surfactants or the inorganic salts in the solvothermal process. The experiment results reveal that the magnetic properties of magnetite nanoparticles can be tuned by changing the particles size. In addition, the solvents in this reaction system have an important influence on the composition and morphology of the final products.
Microstructure and Dielectric Properties of Ni2+-Doped (Ba,Sr)TiO3 Ceramics
Authors: Li Yuan Liang , Qu Yuan Fang , Zhang Qing Jun , Wang Ran Ran
Published: November 2010

Ba0.62Sr0.38TiO3 ceramics of perovskite structure are prepared by solid reaction method with the addition of x wt% NiO and their dielectric properties are investigated. It is found that Ni2+ can enter the B site in ABO3 perovskite when doping concentration is less than 0.6 wt%, whereafter, Ni2+ ions most segregates on the grain boundaries to inhabit the grain growth. Due to the decrease of grain size and the impurity, the dielectric constants are decreased. Decrease of dissipation factor is attributed to appearance of the oxygen vacancy and disappearance of the reduction of Ti4+ ion. It is concluded that the diffuse phase transition is linked to the adulteration of Ni2+. The disordering, mechanical stress in the grain and the oxygen vacancies are produced because of the adulteration of Ni2+, and the diffuse phase transition increases with the level of doping increasing, leading to that the peaks of dielectric constants becomes slower and flatter.