bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring IT-driven supply chain capabilities and resilience: the roles of supply chain risk management and complexity
Authors: Ahmadi Taher , Hesaraki Alireza F. , Morsch Jan P.M.
Published: November 2024

Purpose

In an era where global supply chains are increasingly susceptible to disruptions, this study aims to unlock the potential of IT integration within the supply chain in enhancing supply chain resilience. It investigates how this integration, combined with IT-driven capabilities, acts as a cornerstone in strengthening supply chain resilience (SCRs). The research navigates through the intricate dynamics of supply chain management to chart a strategic pathway for managers, illuminating the investments necessary to cultivate a resilient supply chain.

Design/methodology/approach

Grounding their investigation within the theoretical lens of dynamic resource-based theory, the authors designed a conceptual model to investigate the relationship between IT integration and SCR. Through the survey responses from supply chain professionals, the authors applied partial least squares-based structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) to unravel the complexities of building a resilient supply chain.

Findings

Their investigation reveals that IT-driven supply chain capabilities (SCCs) are not just beneficial but essential in bridging IT integration with SCR. These capabilities emerge as vital, fully mediating the relationship between IT integration and SCR. Moreover, the significance of robust supply chain risk management (SCRM) in harnessing these IT-driven capabilities to bolster resilience is undeniable, offering organisations a sustainable advantage during times of turbulence.

Research limitations/implications

The primary limitation of this study is that data collection occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the results may not be representative of different circumstances or periods. This study uncovered several noteworthy findings. The authors found that SCCs fully mediate the relationship between Supply Chain Management IT Integration (SCMITI) and SCR. In addition, the authors found that SCRM positively moderates the relationship between SCMITI and SCCs. The authors observed that Supply Chain Structural Complexity (SCSC) has no significant moderating effect on the relationship between IT-driven SCCs and SCR.

Practical implications

The results of this study offer managers a clear path forward for investing in SCR. Businesses must invest in SCMITI and SCRM to boost their SCR through developing IT-driven SCCs to ensure consistent business continuity. SCMITI does not necessarily increase SCR resilience when it is done poorly and does not lead to SCCs effectively. In this regard, managers must rely on collective wisdom to determine which technologies and IT applications will best meet their business needs and their peers’ requirements in the supply chain.

Originality/value

This study sheds light on the mechanisms through which IT enhances SCR. It fills a critical knowledge gap, focusing on the synergy between IT integration, risk management and the cultivation of IT-driven capabilities to navigate supply chain disruptions.
The reaction of top cryptocurrencies to lawsuit against Binance: an intraday event study
Authors: Mehdian Seyed , Gherghina Ștefan Cristian , Stoica Ovidiu
Published: November 2024

Purpose

This paper aims to examine the responses of cryptocurrency markets to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s (SEC) announcement on June 5, 2023, concerning the charges against Binance. This paper investigates the intraday market reactions and volatilities of a set of cryptocurrencies (Bitcoin, Ethereum, Ripple, Cardano and Litecoin) to this announcement as an event and explore if these reactions are consistent with the prediction of overreaction hypothesis or uncertain information hypothesis.

Design/methodology/approach

Considering the day when the SEC filed the lawsuit against Binance as an unexpected event, we classify the price movements of a set of cryptos on the event day as either unexpected favorable news or unexpected unfavorable events. We examine whether the behavior of the prices of the crypto is consistent with the predictions of the overreaction hypothesis (OH) proposed by De Bondt and Thaler (1985) or the uncertain information hypothesis (UIH) suggested by Brown et al. (1988).

Findings

The results suggest that the cryptocurrency markets faced a return volatility surge, no matter if investors regarded this event as favorable or unfavorable, and the markets’ responses are mixed. The results of supremum augmented Dickey−Fuller (SADF) and generalized SADF (GSADF) do not support the bubble behavior in selected cryptocurrency series.

Research limitations/implications

The essential implication is that the action of the SEC had an evident impact on the volatility of cryptocurrency markets. This consequence should be seriously considered, as the role of the SEC in regulating the digital asset markets becomes more critical following the approval of the Bitcoin ETFs, early 2024.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper investigating the cryptocurrencies’ markets reactions to the SEC lawsuit against Binance. It sheds light to the market reactions using intraday data.
British supervisors’ conceptions of ideal and successful PhD attributes and their implications for equity in doctoral candidate selection
Authors: Oyinloye Bukola , Wakeling Paul Brian James
Published: November 2024

Purpose

This study aims to explore supervisors’ conceptions of successful and ideal doctoral students’ attributes and their implications for integrating equity and diversity considerations into the doctoral selection process.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses a qualitative approach and analyses data from extensive interviews with senior academics and a member of the professional staff in England on their perspectives of the attributes of ideal and successful doctoral candidates. The study is conceptually framed by the Research Development Framework (RDF) and an adapted ecosystem model of the factors influencing PhD completion (Lovitts, 2005).

Findings

The findings reveal that supervisors value both cognitive and non-cognitive attributes, with the majority of the non-cognitive attributes categorised in the RDF sub-domains of personal qualities, self-management, working with others and communication and dissemination. Non-cognitive attributes were, moreover, valued not just for their contribution to doctoral success but also to the doctoral experience.

Practical implications

In contrast to the typically narrow criteria emphasised in UK doctoral selection, the authors argue that a wider, more holistic, range of attributes better represents what supervisors actually value, while offering greater opportunities for equitable selection of diverse doctoral cohorts. Two key macroenvironmental challenges are discussed: the difficulty of selecting for highly valued non-cognitive attributes and the importance of institutional support for the creation and sustainability of more equitable selection processes.

Originality/value

This paper deepens the literature on supervisors’ perceptions of the qualities or attributes of doctoral success and links this to the use of criteria that avoid reinforcing structural racial inequities in higher education.
Bricolage and its Strategic Connotations: A Study of Greek Social Entrepreneurs in Times of Crisis
Authors: Glasbeek Luc
Published: November 2024

This study examines how social entrepreneurs contend with severe resource constraints in times of crisis. To explain entrepreneurial responses to such limitations, researchers use the concept of bricolage, which involves creatively combining scarce resources to solve problems. Although previous studies have disregarded bricolage's potential strategic connotations, this paper uses qualitative data from 44 informants in 20 Greek social enterprises to reveal the coexistence and entwinement of strategic and bricolage behaviours. The paper adopts a strategy‐as‐practice (SaP) lens to conceptualize this phenomenon subsequently. SaP refers to strategy as the joint actions, interactions and negotiations among actors that shape an integrated organizational whole. SaP and bricolage have fundamental commonalities (e.g. taking a practice view of inventive behaviours), making them ontologically compatible. Two reciprocal ideas emerge from this exploration: ‘formational bricolage’ can organically shape an emergent strategy, while ‘strategic bricolage’ guides and, in some instances, constrains bricolage behaviours and practices.
Labour Unemployment Insurance and Pension Asset Allocations
Authors: Liang Yina , Kiosse Paraskevi Vicky , Tarsalewska Monika
Published: November 2024

This paper examines the effect of unemployment risk on pension investment decisions of defined benefit pension plans. In particular, we examine whether unemployment insurance benefits affect pension investment risk. Using fixed‐effects and difference‐in‐difference analyses, we find evidence that firms take higher pension investment risk by investing more heavily in equities after unemployment insurance benefit increases. These results are consistent with the notion that firms undertake more risk when the costs of unemployment decrease. The findings are robust to a number of sensitivity tests, including a falsification test to examine the timing of the relationship between the riskiness of the pension portfolio and unemployment insurance benefits, a 3‐year window, alternative matching methods and removing firms that operate in geographically dispersed industries. Additional analyses suggests that the findings are more pronounced for firms with skilled labour and high labour intensity, while they are less pronounced when the risk of layoffs is high, in less competitive industries and highly unionized firms.
How and When High‐Performance Work Systems Affect Employee Outcomes in the Hospitality Industry: The Role of Followership and Job Specialization
Authors: Xie Yunhui , Zhang Yuqing , Zhang YiChi , Alder Stoney , Deng Honghui
Published: November 2024

Previous studies have indicated that high‐performance work systems (HPWSs) influence employees' work outcomes within organization. However, very few studies have investigated the effects of HPWSs from the perspective of followership and job specialization. Drawing from social exchange theory, this study explores the mediating role of followership and the moderating role of job specialization in the relation between HPWSs and employee outcomes. The data from 391 restaurant employee–manager pairs in four stores in China indicate that active engagement followership mediates the effects of HPWSs on employee turnover intention and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB), and job specialization moderates the direct effects of HPWSs on employee job performance and OCB. Specifically, employees in roles with a higher degree of specialization are more likely to be influenced by HPWSs. The findings provide new insights into human resource practices within organization, emphasizing the roles of followership and job specialization.
Evaluation of perforation‐mediated modified atmosphere packaging for the commercialization of bulk purple passion fruit under refrigeration
Authors: Herrera Kenyi Y. , Jaramillo Juan C. , Riaño Camila , Suarez Carlos , Sierra Cesar A. , Zuluaga Carlos M. , Castellanos Diego A.
Published: November 2024

Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) is widely used to preserve fresh fruits. In the case of exporting products in bulk formats (2–5 kg), perforated MAP can help extend shelf life if appropriately configured to reach suitable gas levels. This study evaluated the configuration of a perforated MAP system for purple passion (Passiflora edulis Sims) fruits based on modeling and simulation of changes in gas levels within the package headspace and experimental data on the respiration and transpiration of the fruits. For this evaluation, perforation‐mediated multilayer bags made of polyamide and low‐density polyethylene were adjusted to preserve 2 kg of purple passion fruits. The number of perforations made in the bags was predefined by performing predictive calculations to reach favorable gas levels in the packaging headspace. Subsequently, storage tests were conducted at the laboratory level (6 and 17 ± 1°C) and then at the pilot level (6 ± 2 and 17 ± 3°C), obtaining steady molar fractions of O2 of 0.122–0.128 and CO2 of 0.098–0.100 and shelf life of 36 days for the fruits packaged at 6°C. Additionally, the accumulated weight loss of the fruits was monitored, obtaining values close to those previously modeled. The pre‐configuration of the perforations resulted in suitable O2 and CO2 levels in the MAP, achieving up to 36 days of shelf life at 6°C and 24 days at 17°C. Likewise, moisture permeation through the bags resulted in low condensation with fruit weight losses of 4.8% at 6°C after 55 days in the pilot test.

Practical Application

This study evaluated using perforated PA/LDPE multilayer bulk bags (2 kg) to preserve purple passion fruits. The package was preconfigured (with a predefined number of perforations necessary to achieve favorable levels of O2, CO2, and humidity) and was compared against a commercial factory‐made perforated package. By performing predictive calculations to define a suitable number of perforations, it was possible to regulate the respiration and transpiration of the packaged fruit to increase its shelf life under controlled and real conditions. This approach can be extended to any bulk‐packaged fruit, and it can help select, design, and develop breathable packages that prevent decay.
Study on the effects of radio frequency blanching on polyphenol oxidase activity, physicochemical properties, and microstructure of iron yam
Authors: Pang Huiyun , Xie Yingman , Wang Xue , Jia Yiming , Ye Pengfei , Mao Chao , Chen Xiangwei , Fu Hongfei , Wang Yequn , Wang Yunyang
Published: November 2024

The effects of radio frequency (RF) and hot water blanching on polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity, physicochemical properties, and microstructure of iron yams were investigated. The heating rate of RF was the largest, and the heating uniformity was the best at the electrode gap of 160 mm and the material height of 90 mm. The residual activity of PPO was significantly reduced from 49.95% to 4.21%, whereas the RF heating temperature (65–85°C) increased (p < 0.05). The color and texture of yams treated with RF blanching were better preserved compared with those of hot water blanching at a similar degree of enzyme inactivation. The microstructure showed that these changes in physicochemical properties were caused by cellular damage. The surface cells of yams were more severely damaged than the center cells after hot water blanching at 95°C for 3 min. Moreover, the surface cells after hot water blanching also showed more damage than the cells after RF blanching. Thus, RF blanching is a technique with development potential in the food industry.
Alcohol use and cannabis craving in daily life: Sex differences and associations among young adults
Authors: Davis Christal N. , Ramer Nolan E. , Squeglia Lindsay M. , Gex Kathryn S. , McRae‐Clark Aimee L. , McKee Sherry A. , Roberts Walter , Gray Kevin M. , Baker Nathaniel L. , Tomko Rachel L.
Published: November 2024

Background

Alcohol and cannabis are commonly used together by young adults. With frequent pairings, use of one substance may become a conditioned cue for use of a second, commonly co‐used substance. Although this has been examined for alcohol and cannabis in laboratory conditions and with remote monitoring, no research has examined whether pharmacologically induced cross‐substance craving occurs in naturalistic conditions.

Methods

In a sample of 63 frequent cannabis‐using young adults (54% female) who completed 2 weeks of ecological momentary assessment, we tested whether alcohol use was associated with stronger in‐the‐moment cannabis craving. We also examined whether sex moderated this association and whether cannabis craving was stronger at higher levels of alcohol consumption.

Results

Although alcohol use and cannabis craving were not significantly associated at the momentary level, there was evidence that this relation significantly differed by sex. Among female participants, there was a negative association between alcohol use since the last prompt and momentary cannabis craving (b = −0.33, SE = 0.14, p = 0.02), while the association among male participants was positive (b = 0.32, SE = 0.13, p = 0.01). Similarly, alcohol quantity was negatively associated with cannabis craving at the momentary level for female participants (b = −0.10, SE = 0.04, p = 0.009) but was not significantly associated for male participants (b = 0.05, SE = 0.04, p = 0.18).

Conclusions

Alcohol may enhance cannabis craving among male individuals but reduce desire for cannabis among female individuals. This may point to differing functions of co‐use by sex, highlighting a need for research to elucidate the mechanisms underlying this increasingly common pattern of substance use.
Robots and accounting comparability: Evidence from Chinese manufacturing
Authors: Cui Huijie , Liang Shangkun , Xu Canyu
Published: November 2024

This paper focuses on how the employment of robot influences accounting comparability in Chinese manufacturing and provides evidence of a positive link. Promoting operating stability and reducing earnings management are two underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, the positive link is more significant in firms within high‐tech industries or owing higher skilled labour, with firms being covered by analysts or the legal environment being enhanced, and the positive link becomes more significant. Overall, our study brings substantial evidence that supports the spillover effect of robots on financial reporting.
Dynamics of Collembola ecomorphological groups within a no‐till arable system
Authors: Natalio Ana I. M. , Back Matthew A. , Richards Andrew , Jeffery Simon
Published: November 2024

Collembolan ecomorphological groups (i.e., epiedaphic, hemiedaphic and euedaphic) have been proposed as bioindicators of soil health with potential to be applied in agricultural systems. While some studies have investigated disturbance gradients, there is a lack of monitoring studies showing trends over time evaluating changes in management posited to improve soil health.

We investigated the status of a soil in an arable rotation following conversion to no‐till. The response in abundance of Collembola ecomorphological groups, along with soil physicochemical properties, was monitored over 2 years, in two field experiments established on different soil types within the same field. The treatments were standard practice and green manure (GM) in both Experiments 1 and 2, and farmyard manure (FYM) in Experiment‐1 only.

Significant responses to treatments were mostly observed with euedaphic Collembola during the first year, but treatment effects were no longer evident in the second year. A decline in epiedaphic abundance was recorded in Year‐2 in the GM treatment. A negative association was observed with total soil nitrogen and pH, while a positive association was observed between gravimetric water content and euedaphic Collembola abundance.

This study demonstrated that euedaphic Collembola quickly responded to changes in management practice, but the impact of treatments was transient. The abundance of Collembola ecomorphological groups discriminated between short‐term impacts but were an ineffective bioindicator of treatment effects over a two‐year period suggesting that they may be best applied for monitoring short‐term effects in response to intermittent inputs.
Australasian hidradenitis suppurativa management guidelines
Authors: Frew John , Smith Annika , Penas Pablo Fernandez , Ellis Elisabeth , Foley Peter , Rubel Diana , McMeniman Erin , Marshman Gillian , Saunders Helen , Veysey Emma , Nicolopolous Jenny , Spelman Linda , Gebauer Kurt
Published: November 2024

Hidradenitis Suppurativa is a burdensome inflammatory skin disease with significant quality of life impact. These management guidelines were developed to direct appropriate clinical management in the Australasian context. A systematic review was used for the basis of the consensus guidelines. Thirteen clinical experts were involved in a modified Delphi consensus process to develop the guidelines and treatment algorithms. Overall management strategies include appropriate severity assessment of disease and comorbidities, multimodal therapy with systemic and local treatments, and evidence‐based progression along the therapeutic ladder in the event of inadequate response. Sequential monotherapy with antibiotics and/or single agent therapy is discouraged and aggressive treatment of moderate to severe disease to capture the window of opportunity is highly emphasised. Specific considerations in the setting of disease comorbidities, pregnancy and breastfeeding are also addressed. Overall, the complex nature of HS requires a complex and multimodal therapeutic response with medical, physical and surgical therapies to achieve best patient outcomes.
Uterus transplantation: A bibliometric review of six‐decade study from 1960 to 2024
Authors: Akbari Razieh , Ghaemi Marjan , Panahi Zahra
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Some women are unable to become pregnant because they do not have a functional uterus. Over the last decade, it has become possible for these women to get pregnant through uterus transplantation, which has been the subject of numerous research studies. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to review published articles in the uterus transplantation area.

Material and Methods

We conducted a cross‐sectional bibliometric review to study the 100 highly cited papers in the Web of Science and Scopus databases from 1960 to 2024. Our research applied bibliometric analysis to these top 100 highly cited papers. Document citation and co‐occurrence analysis were used for the data study. VOSviewer along with Bibliometrix® software was used to design the maps.

Results

The trend of uterus transplantation publications increased exponentially after 2010. Sweden is the leading country, followed by the USA and Spain. Fertility and Sterility, Lancet, American Journal of Transplantation, and Human Reproduction were the highly cited journals. Collaboration among countries showed that the most collaboration took place between Sweden and Spain (18), Sweden and the USA (14), the USA and Spain (8), Sweden and Australia (6), and the USA and the United Kingdom (6). Furthermore, the results found that more than one‐third of the highly cited papers were review papers (39%) and 27% were clinical trial studies.

Conclusions

This bibliometric review provides a valuable contribution to the literature on uterine transplantation by synthesizing and analyzing existing research findings. It offers insights into current trends, key themes, geographic distribution, and potential areas for future research within this rapidly evolving field.
Battlefield mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A scoping review
Authors: Houle Mateo C. , Sobieszczyk Michal J. , Warren Whittney A. , Hunninghake John C. , Anderson Jess T. , Gonzales Michael A. , Lonergan Terence P. , Sams Valerie G. , De Lorenzo Robert A. , Morris Michael J.
Published: November 2024

Background

Casualties of military conflicts suffer a multitude of injuries, and recent research has documented a significant number develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The present study undertakes a scoping review of research on the treatment of ARDS in combat casualties near the battlefield.

Methods

We review the extent of the current ARDS care, from intubation and mechanical ventilation (MV) to the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), and how the respective echelons of care across the Military Health System (MHS) are involved in the care of these patients. Online databases were used to identify article published 1988–2022, from which we selected 112 publications from various countries including the USA, UK, Germany, Italy, and India that used military relevant keywords (i.e., battlefield, combat, deployed, military trauma), in the titles or abstract in conjunction with the MeSH descriptors for battlefield respiratory failure, and MV or ECMO.

Results

Mechanical ventilation and ECMO have clearly moved forward with progressions in technologies and now are routinely used and are well documented in the prehospital setting and during aeromedical transport. Overview of the MHS and descriptive analysis of battlefield casualties are well represented in the literature. There are multiple publications on airway management on the battlefield and innumerable regarding the somewhat comparable civilian prehospital trauma airway management.

Conclusion

While there is an abundance of publications on MV in the prehospital and combat environments, there are few case examples of the use of ECMO on the battlefield. Although MV may be required for many combat casualties, airway management failure remains the second leading cause of preventable death on the battlefield.
Video‐Making in English Language Learning: A Kaleidoscope to Understand the Vietnamese Child's Self‐Authoring at Home
Authors: Pham Hoa , Tesar Marek
Published: November 2024

From a Bakhtinian theoretical lens, children's ‘self‐authoring’ is an ongoing process in which they articulate external resources and integrate them into their ideas to develop new knowledge of themselves, people, places and things. This paper features the case of Nhi, a Vietnamese five‐year‐old girl, who authored the self in her English video‐making at home. Nhi's English videos were gathered in naturalistic observation and were analysed in a chain with previous and following conversational narratives. Two narrative chains of her videos and narratives were selected to feature how English video production opened a hybrid space for the child to continue dialoguing with others and develop ideas of the self. The study highlights the child as a proficient and competent meaning‐maker in video production and English language learning and emphasises the need to build a sense of engagement for adults to understand and collaborate with children in the (post)digital era.
Variation in space use between sites, years and individuals for an endangered migratory shorebird has implications for coastal planning
Authors: Lilleyman Amanda , Corriveau Amélie , Garnett Stephen T. , Bush Robert , Coleman Jon , Fuller Richard , Jessop Roz , Leiper Ian , Maglio Grace , O'Brien Gavin , Stanioch Damien , Jackson Micha V.
Published: November 2024

Much of the annual cycle of threatened migratory shorebirds is spent in non‐breeding areas, but there have been few studies on how that habitat is used at fine‐scale. Tracking data from 13 endangered far eastern curlews at three Australian non‐breeding locations revealed that home range size and maximum daily displacement varied substantially among study areas and between years. Home range overlap also varied with tidal cycle, generally being lower at low than high tide, though there was considerable variability across time and between sites. Variation in site fidelity may indicate behavioral flexibility but may also suggest that resources critical to survival vary between years. If the latter is the case, protection of what appears to be critical habitat in 1 year may not be adequate in subsequent years, necessitating a precautionary approach to the conservation of habitat extent over the long term. For species like the far eastern curlew, which are exceptionally hard to capture and highly threatened, tracking data should be analyzed from as many perspectives as possible to justify the cost to both researchers and birds. In this study, use of tracking data previously analyzed to reveal migration routes has yielded important insights into their ecology and optimal management.
Development and external validation of an algorithm for self‐identification of risk for microvascular complications in patients with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Liu Wei , Hu Xiaodan , Fang Yayu , Hong Shenda , Zhu Yu , Zhang Mingxia , Gong Siqian , Wang Xiangqing , Lin Chu , Zhang Rui , Yin Sai , Li Juan , Huo Yongran , Cai Xiaoling , Ji Linong
Published: November 2024

Aims

Microvascular complications, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR), diabetic nephropathy (DN) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), are common and serious outcomes of inadequately managed type 1 diabetes (T1D). Timely detection and intervention in these complications are crucial for improving patient outcomes. This study aimed to develop and externally validate machine learning (ML) models for self‐identification of microvascular complication risks in T1D population.

Materials and Methods

Utilizing data from the Chinese Type 1 Diabetes Comprehensive Care Pathway program, 911 T1D patients and 15 patient self‐reported variables were included. Combined with XGBoost algorithm and cross‐validation, self‐identification models were constructed with 5 variables selected by feature importance ranking. For external validation, an online survey was conducted within a nationwide T1D online community (N = 157). The area under the receiver‐operating‐characteristic curve (AUROC) was adopted as the main metric to evaluate the model performance. The SHapley Additive exPlanation was utilized for model interpretation.

Results

The prevalence rates of microvascular complications in the development set and external validation set were as follows: DR 7.0% and 12.7% (p = 0.013), DN 5.9% and 3.2% (p = 0.162) and DPN 10.5% and 20.4% (p < 0.001). The models demonstrated the AUROC values of 0.889 for DR, 0.844 for DN and 0.839 for DPN during internal validation. For external validation, the AUROC values achieved 0.762 for DR, 0.718 for DN and 0.721 for DPN.

Conclusions

ML models, based on self‐reported data, have the potential to serve as a self‐identification tool, empowering T1D patients to understand their risks outside of hospital settings and encourage early engagement with healthcare services.
Ceramide and phosphatidylcholine lipids‐based risk score predicts major cardiovascular outcomes in patients with heart failure
Authors: Witoslawska Angelika , Meessen Jennifer M. T. A. , Hilvo Mika , Jylhä Antti , Zannad Faiez , Cerrato Marianna , Rossignol Patrick , Novelli Deborah , Duarte Kevin , Targher Giovanni , Latini Roberto , Girerd Nicolas , Laaksonen Reijo
Published: November 2024

Background

Ceramide and phosphatidylcholine lipids‐based risk score (CERT2) has shown a strong prognostic value in predicting cardiovascular (CV) events in patients with ischemic heart disease. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of CERT2 risk score in patients with heart failure (HF).

Methods

The current study combines data for 4234 subjects from the COMMANDER‐HF trial and 1227 subjects from the GISSI‐HF trial, which enrolled patients with a history of HF. The CERT2 risk score was calculated for all the participants as previously described. The primary outcome was CV death, but all‐cause death and major adverse CV events (three‐point MACE) were analysed as well.

Results

After adjustment for established CV risk factors and potential confounders, patients with the highest CERT2 risk category remained at almost three‐fold higher risk of CV death (COMMANDER‐HF: HR 2.80, 95% CI 2.18–3.60, GISSI‐HF: 2.84, 95% CI 1.70–4.74), all‐cause death (COMMANDER‐HF: HR 2.97, 95% CI 2.36–3.75, GISSI‐HF: 2.83, 95% CI 1.83–4.38) and MACE (COMMANDER‐HF: HR 2.73, 95% CI 2.20–3.38, GISSI‐HF: 2.67, 95% CI 1.67–4.26) compared to those with the lowest CERT2 risk category.

Conclusions

The CERT2 risk score is strongly associated with an increased risk of CV death, all‐cause death and MACE in patients with HF.
Contemporary Approach for Traumatic Dental Injuries in the Primary Dentition
Authors: O'Connell Anne C.
Published: November 2024

Management of traumatic dental injuries (TDI) is very complex, even under ideal circumstances. Children in the primary dentition have unique needs, and it is important that the diagnosis and treatment choices are offered to parents. The prevalence of TDI in the primary dentition is far greater than for any other age group. Education of parents and caregivers in prevention and emergency management of oral injuries is essential. When injuries occur, the dental professionals must also respond appropriately to establish correct diagnosis of the injuries and assist parents in making decisions for management while communicating realistic expectations for the future. Progress has been made in the diagnosis and management of dental injuries in the primary dentition based on the biological healing response of oral tissues following injury over time. Several factors influence critical decisions that must be made based on basic principles and guidelines to improve successful outcomes for the child. Managing co‐operation must be balanced with the benefit of anticipated treatment need. The current evidence challenges previous dental interventions. The IADT guidelines updated the approach to management of TDI in children in the primary dentition. Encouraging a positive attitude to the dental setting early in the life course prepares the child to be a motivated dental attendee throughout their lifetime. This manuscript aimed to outline the critical issues and clinical choices for injuries to the primary dentition and to summarise recent guidance from the International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT).
Position Statement and Recommendations for Custom‐Made Sport Mouthguards
Authors: Avgerinos Stavros , Stamos Athanasios , Nanussi Alessandro , Engels‐Deutsch Marc , Cantamessa Sophie , Dartevelle Jean‐Luc , Unamuno Eider , Del Grosso Flavia , Fritsch Tilman , Crouzette Thierry , Striegel Markus , Sánchez Christian Cardozo , Okshah Abdulmajeed , Tzimpoulas Nestor , Naka Olga , Kouveliotis George , Tzoutzas Ioannis , Zoidis Panagiotis , Synodinos Filippos , Loizos Evangelos , Tasopoulos Theodoros , Haughey John , Rahiotis Christos
Published: November 2024

Sports‐related traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) are a significant global concern, particularly in contact sports, where the risk of orofacial injuries is high. Custom‐made sports mouthguards (CSMs) are recognized as the most effective means of preventing these injuries, providing both protection and comfort without impairing athletic performance. Despite their proven benefits, there is no globally standardized approach to mouthguard design, fabrication, or usage, primarily due to varying regulations, awareness levels, and cultural attitudes toward sports safety across different countries. This document from the European Association for Sports Dentistry (EA4SD) outlines the latest guidelines for selecting, constructing, clinical use, and maintaining CSMs. It emphasizes the need for mouthguards fabricated from FDA‐approved materials, designed to absorb and distribute impact forces effectively, and customized to ensure optimal fit and comfort. The EA4SD also highlights the importance of education for dental professionals and athletes on the benefits of CSMs, advocating for their mandatory use in high‐risk sports to reduce the prevalence of TDIs and related complications.
Educational Measurement: Models, Methods, and Theory
Authors: Wise Lauress L. , Rutstein Daisy W.
Published: November 2024

This article describes an amazing development of methods and models supporting educational measurement together with a much slower evolution of theory about how and what students learn and how educational measurement best supports that learning. Told from the perspective of someone who has lived through many of these changes, the article provides background on these developments and insights into challenges and opportunities for future development.
Fog Computing for Artificial Intelligence Digital Textbooks: Educational Scaffolding and Security and Privacy Challenges
Authors: Kim Pyoung Won
Published: November 2024

Digital textbooks (DTs) have evolved from DT 1.0, which simply converted paper textbooks to PDF format, to DT 2.0, which provides various multimedia content, for example, video and audio content. DTs have now advanced to DT 3.0, which enhances learner engagement through gamification and simulations. Recently, with the advancement of cloud computing technology and digital devices, for example, tablets, DT 4.0, which supports personalised learning through artificial intelligence (AI) tutors and chatbots, has been realised. South Korea is actively implementing a policy to distribute artificial intelligence–based DTs, equivalent to DT 4.0, to all schools under national leadership. For artificial intelligence–based DTs (AIDTs) in South Korea to develop into a sustainable education system, reliance on cloud computing alone is insufficient. It is also necessary to build layers of fog computing and edge computing from the initial stage. There are concerns that AIDTs may exacerbate the learning gap because they are more likely to be utilised actively by high‐performing students with established self‐directed learning habits rather than struggling students. Thus, it is essential to enhance usage monitoring and explore strategies that provide educational scaffolding to prevent differences in the level of AIDT utilisation from leading to a widening learning gap.
The role of interpersonal trust in the associations between parental warmth and depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents: A mediation analysis
Authors: Wang Qi , Cui Yiran , Tian Gang , Shuai Jingliang , Yang Wenyan , Ma Yulan , Deng Zhihao , Yan Yan
Published: November 2024

The rising rates of adolescent depression have become a critical concern, with family dynamics and interpersonal communication playing a significant role in this mental health issue. However, research on the combined effects of parental warmth and interpersonal trust on adolescent depressive symptoms remains limited. This study aimed to explore the association between parental warmth, interpersonal trust, and depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents. The sample included 2745 adolescents aged 9 to 18 from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS). Depressive symptoms were assessed using the CES‐D8 scale, which yielded an average score of 4.34. Among participants, 11.3% exhibited symptoms consistent with depression. Multivariate linear regression revealed that both parental warmth (β = −0.296, p < 0.001) and interpersonal trust (β = −0.197, p < 0.001) significantly predicted lower depressive symptoms. Mediation analysis indicated that interpersonal trust partially mediated the relationship between parental warmth and depressive symptoms, explaining 17.68% of the total effect (β = −0.032, 95% CI = −0.060, −0.016). These associations remained significant even after controlling for demographic variables. Our findings suggest that parental warmth protects against depressive symptoms, with interpersonal trust enhancing this protective effect. Interventions focused on fostering parental warmth and enhancing interpersonal trust could improve adolescent mental health.
Experiences of parents of children with mental illnesses: A systematic review and meta‐ethnographic synthesis
Authors: Greally Suzanna , Oute Jeppe , McPherson Susan
Published: November 2024

In this paper, we present a qualitative meta‐ethnographic synthesis of 26 articles reporting experiences of subjective burden in 389 parents of children with mental illnesses. The studies were identified through a systematic literature search of PubMed, CINAHL Ultimate, APA PsycInfo, and MedLine Ultimate. We conducted a quality appraisal and followed the seven stages of meta‐ethnographic synthesis. We developed a line of argument synthesis in the form of a model that depicts the subjective, temporal, and psychological experiences of parents. The model proposes a cyclical process characterized by five stages, each depicting a transitional point in which parents re‐evaluate their experiences: caring for an intimate stranger; turning point; unavoidable role; uncertain future; transcendence. This model highlights the complex psychological processes that parents endure when caring for a child with a mental illness. The review highlights several methodological issues in this field of research, including issues related to sampling, poor reporting of data analysis, limited critical appraisal, and a lack of reflexivity. Future research should address the gaps in the literature while also attending to the issues that have been highlighted by this review.
Effects of Catch and Release for Recreational Fishing on Stream‐Resident Salmonids in Japan
Authors: Yamashita Yasunori , Kanzawa Yuhei , Inoshita Makoto , Suzuki Kyuma
Published: November 2024

Catch‐and‐release (C&R) angling is becoming more common worldwide for managing stream‐resident salmonids but has only recently been introduced in Japan. However, few studies have examined effects of C&R regulations on fish populations through adequate experimental designs. We estimated effects of implementing a C&R regulation on stream‐resident salmonids. The western part of the Agatsuma River system in Japan is a fishing area with standard regulations under which anglers can harvest white‐spotted charr or masu salmon of > 15 cm total length. In contrast, the eastern part is a fishing area with a C&R regulation requiring release of all caught fish, owing to radiocesium contamination caused by a nuclear accident at Fukushima. Density and total length of stream‐resident salmonids were examined in these areas in several tributaries. Fish density was significantly higher in the C&R area, whereas total length did not differ significantly between areas. Implementing a C&R regulation may be effective for conserving salmonid populations in mountainous streams.
Nutrient intakes, growth performance and digestive organ weight of raising Japanese Black steers fed oat hay or whole crop corn silage as roughage
Authors: Hosoda Kenji , Nakamura Yoshi‐nori
Published: November 2024

The effects of feeding corn silage (CS) instead of oat hay on nutrient intakes, growth performance and digestive organ weight in the raising of Japanese Black steers were studied. In a feeding trial, 5.5‐month‐old Japanese Black steers (n = 15) received one of three dietary treatments with the same formula feed and different roughage (oat hay only, CS only and an equal mixture of oat hay and CS) until they reached 10.1 months old. At the feeding trial's conclusion, we observed that the three forms of roughage had no effect on the intakes of nutrients such as crude protein, non‐fibrous carbohydrate, fibers and total digestible nutrients except for ether extract, and no significant difference was observed in body weight, body measurements, average daily gain, or feed efficiency among the roughage groups. Steers fed the different roughage had identical weights of carcass, digestive organs and visceral fat immediately after the feeding trial. These findings suggest that corn silage can be used as a substitute for oat hay fed to Japanese Black steers during the raising period.
Effect of replacement of silica fume by wollastonite microfibers on ultrahigh performance concrete
Authors: Li Guanjie , Liu Danyang , Liu Ying , Wang Jingwei , Xu Shouyan , Xia Hongtu , Luo Feng
Published: November 2024

Ultrahigh performance concrete (UHPC) is a new type of cement‐based composite building material with the characteristics of high strength, high toughness, and high durability. However, the presence of silica fume (SF) will greatly increase the cost of UHPC. Wollastonite microfiber (WF), a microfibrous inorganic mineral powder, has been shown to be effective in improving the mechanical properties of cementitious materials and reducing the cost of UHPC. In this study, a series of UHPC‐WF were synthesized via replacing a part of SF with WF. The excellent smooth properties of the WF surface played a lubricating role in the UHPC‐WF slurry, resulting in the fluidity of 287.5 mm for UHPC‐WF. Furthermore, the synergistic effect of WF and steel fiber played a significant role in UHPC‐WF. The flexural strength of UHPC‐WF in 3 days and 28 days was 16.4 MPa and 21.6 MPa, respectively, and the compressive strength in 3 days and 28 days was 119.4 MPa and 155.3 MPa, respectively. Meanwhile, the shrinkage strain of UHPC‐WF was only 0.13 mm/m in 90 days. This work provides consideration for the innovation of UHPC technology in the future and the research of replacement SF to mineral admixtures in UHPC.
Study on preparation and early strength property of modified nano‐MgO complexed TEA composite cement materials
Authors: Liu Jian , Chen Meiting , Ji Xiaoli , Wang Chunmei , Xie Xinyuan , Dong Ziyuan
Published: November 2024

In this study, nano‐magnesium oxide (MgO) was modified with surfactants sodium polyacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) based on the agglomeration problem of nano‐MgO in cement. The surfactant PEG with the best modification effect was selected to modify nano‐MgO and synergize with the dispersing effect and early‐strengthening effect of triethanolamine (TEA) to prepare a new type of composite cementitious sealing material with high early compressive strength and good fluidity. The optimal ratio of the mass fraction of the composite early‐strengthening agent was determined by the response surface method: 0.02% PEG + 2% nano‐MgO + 0.04% TEA. The effects of the composite early‐strengthening agent on the cementitious sealing material were investigated by the compressive strength, fluidity, setting time, X‐ray diffraction experiments (XRD), thermogravimetric (TG‐DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), etc. The effect of the composite early‐strengthening agent on the cementitious sealing material was also investigated by the response surface method. The compressive strength of the composite cement specimens at 1d, 3d, and 7d was increased by 92.59%, 35.50%, and 47.73% respectively compared to the blank group. In comparison to the control group, the flowability increased by 31.96%, and the initial and final setting time was shortened to 377 min and 394 min, respectively.
A scalable vacuum‐assisted method for production of aerogel blankets for thermal insulation
Authors: Tav Abdullah , Oz Yahya , Akyildiz Halil I.
Published: November 2024

This study presents a novel proof‐of‐concept method for synthesizing aerogel on ceramic insulation blankets using a vacuum infusion sol–gel process with subsequent drying at ambient pressure, enhancing adhesion and durability and enabling coating on complex geometries. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed a porous microstructure in the ceramic blankets, while the polymethylsilsesquioxane (PMSQ) aerogel exhibited a well‐defined and interconnected network. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses confirmed the presence of silica and carbon, respectively. Among the various compositions, the 10 wt.% PMSQ aerogel blanket establishes highly effective thermal stability in thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results. Pristine ceramic and aerogel blankets were subjected to a 1300°C butane flame for high‐temperature stability tests that indicated the 10% PMSQ aerogel composite blanket presented better insulation properties and back surface temperature of approximately 170°C, the lowest among the other surface back temperatures of the other samples. Water contact angle measurements confirmed the hydrophobic properties and surface free energy (SFE) of PMSQ aerogel ceramic blankets. Optimizing surface‐free energy and surface tension is crucial for enhancing these materials’ hydrophobicity, thermal insulation, and structural integrity. The surface energy ranged from 11.19 to 0.96 mJ/m2, while the surface tension ranged from 48.47 to 64.97 mN/m for 10%–30% PMSQ aerogel ceramic blankets.