bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is Itraconazole Plus Clofazimine an Effective Treatment for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis?
Authors: Sadati Maryam sadat , Handjani Farhad , Hadibarhaghtalab Maryam , Radanfar Roya , Setayesh Sepideh , Afshin Kamyar
Published: September 2024

Background: Leishmaniasis is endemic in 88 countries and has a worldwide prevalence of 12 million. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) cases deserve the highest attention due to their magnitude and risk of causing scars in humans. Although several studies have been performed on novel therapies, treatment failure and drug resistance are still common, and most systemic treatments are parenteral. Thus, in this study, it was attempted to find an effective combination oral therapy for this disease. Case Series: Six patients (between 35 and 64 years old) with confirmed CL were treated with a combination of clofazimine (CLZ, 200 mg/d) and itraconazole (ITN, 300 mg/d) for 4 weeks. Then, ITZ 300 mg/d was given for another 4 weeks. All patients were followed up to assess the efficacy and side effects of this treatment regimen. Every single lesion in the patients was remarkably smaller after the course of the treatment (P=0.001), and skin smears became negative. Conclusion: The combination of CLZ and ITN could be a helpful treatment modality in the treatment of CL. However, more and larger studies should be conducted to assess the efficacy and side effects of this combination therapy.
Comparison of the Results of Chest X-ray Versus Chest Computed Tomography in Patients With Stab Wound Chest Injuries
Authors: Ebrahimian Jektaji Ramin , Moghaddam Ahmadi Mahta , Zia Ziabari Seyyed Mahdi , Bani Hashemi Sahar , Moghaddam Ahmadi Moein
Published: September 2024

Background: Injuries after normal chest X-ray (CXR) and chest computed tomography (CCT) have been observed in patients with thoracic stab wounds, which can increase the rate of subsequent complications in such patients. This study aimed to compare the results of CXR versus CCT in patients with stab wound chest injuries. Materials and Method: Overall, 371 patients with stab wound chest trauma who were referred to Poursina Hospital, Rasht, Iran, were included in this cross-sectional study. Demographical data, clinical characteristics, and all patients’ CXR and CCT results were recorded, and all data were analyzed using SPSS version 24 and MedCal version 19.0.5, with a significant level set at 0.05. Results: According to the findings, the patients’ mean age was 28.54±9.43 years, and 359 of them were men (96.8%). About 266, 24, 15, and 21 patients had normal pneumothorax, hemothorax, and hemopneumothorax results for primary CXR, respectively, and 118 patients had normal results for the second CXR. The area under the curve (AUC) for CXR was 0.75, with sensitivity and specificity of 0.50 and 0.100, respectively. The specificity of the diagnostic method was 100%, while the AUC represented no statistically significant association (P>0.05). Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstrated that CCT was more sensitive than CXR in diagnosing injuries in patients with stab wound chest injuries.
The Dietary Pattern in the Iranian Population, Findings of Bandare-Kong Non-communicable Disease Cohort Study: A Brief Report
Authors: Rakhshbahar Shaghayegh , Kheirandish Masoumeh , Shahmoradi Mehdi , Salarpour Elaheh , Hashemi Seyyed Mohammad
Published: September 2024

Background: The association between dietary patterns and chronic diseases and mortality risk has been demonstrated in recent studies. Considering that dietary patterns can provide an approach that is comprehensive to both disease prevention and treatment, this study was conducted to find out prominent dietary patterns among Bandare-Kong participants. Materials and Methods: This population-based cross-sectional study was performed on Bandare-Kong non-communicable disease (BKNCD) Cohort study participants aged 35-70. A food frequency questionnaire was used to determine food intake. The factor analysis method with the principal component analysis approach was employed to extract major dietary patterns. Results: Healthy, Western, and traditional diets were identified as the three major dietary patterns. The healthy pattern was the prominent dietary pattern (10.2%). Healthy, Western, and traditional nutritional patterns explain 10.20%, 6.30%, and 4.28% of the variance in food intake, respectively. Conclusion: Our findings indicated that consumption of a healthy dietary pattern in BKNCD participants tended to be high, followed by Western as the second pattern. It is recommended that further longitudinal studies be conducted to assess the role of dietary patterns in cardiometabolic disease incidence.
Effects of Sargassum Glaucescens Algae on Blood Glucose Level in Diabetic Rats With a High-Fat Diet and Streptozotocin
Authors: Ghani Esmaeel , Saljoughi Fateme , Sheybani-Arani MohammadHosein , Khajavi Fatemeh , Sohrabipour Shahla
Published: September 2024

Background: Diabetes medications can have dramatic effects on controlling the disease and achieving the therapeutic goals of people with diabetes, but most of them have side effects. Given the role of brown algae in maintaining blood glucose levels, their investigation can provide valuable information for the control and treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Accordingly, this study investigated the effect of Sargassum glaucescens on blood glucose levels in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Forty-six randomly selected rats were assigned to five groups. The control group was fed the normal diet, and diabetic rats were induced by streptozotocin (STZ) and a high-fat diet (HFD). The other groups included the diabetes+low dose insulin group, diabetes+high dose insulin, and diabetic rats that received Sargassum Glaucescens 20% alga powder added to fatty food. Weekly blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), the amount of drinking water, food consumed, urine volume, glucose tolerance test (GTT), and insulin tolerance test (ITT) underwent measurement. Results: The mean of ITT in the diabetic group was significantly higher than in the control group (P=0.001), which indicates insulin resistance in these groups. The lowest blood glucose concentration was in the high-dose insulin group; weekly blood glucose, GTT, ITT, and HbA1c in the alga group did not change compared to diabetes. However, some indicators, such as HbA1c, were better in the group receiving algae than in the low-dose insulin group. The weight of the group receiving algae increased until the third week, but it decreased after that, and at the end of the study, it was lower in this group than in the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion: The study findings revealed that Sargassum Glaucescens algae had no significant effect on serum glucose, GTT, ITT, or HbA1c in the studied rats.
Introduction of Medicinal Plants in The South of Lorestan Province
Authors: Mehrnia Mohammad , Hosseini Zahra
Published: September 2024

Background and aims: The present study identified the medicinal species of southern Lorestan province and explored their traditional uses and potential applications in modern medicine. Methods: The study involved face-to-face interviews and personal observations to gather information on local names and traditional medicinal uses of plants. Use value (UV) and informant consensus factor (ICF) were used to analyze the data obtained from the interviews. The UV index was calculated to determine the relative importance of medicinal species native to the region. Results: The plant species were identified using standard herbarium methods. A total of 106 medicinal species from 95 genera and 40 plant families were identified, which are utilized by locals for various medicinal purposes in southern Lorestan province. According to the findings, leaves (22.3%), seeds (19%), and fruits (14.5 %) were the most commonly used parts of medicinal species. Edible and infusion were identified as the primary treatment methods in traditional medicine in southern Lorestan province. Conclusion: The predominant therapeutic uses of medicinal species in traditional medicine in the area focused on treating digestive disorders.
A review of botanical, phytochemical, and pharmacological properties of Alcea rosea L.
Authors: Azadeh Zohreh , Asgharian Shirin , Habtemariam Solomon , Lorigooini Zahra , Taheri Abdolmajid
Published: September 2024

Background and aims: This article was written to better introduce Alcea rosea as a valuable medicinal plant to the medical and pharmaceutical communities and the general public for industrial and traditional uses as a valuable medicinal plant. Methods: The results were gathered from scientific papers and databases to find flavonoids, phenolic acids, amino acids, fatty acids, anthocyanins, polysaccharides, and pharmacological activities in A. rosea. Sixty-two articles were found, and 51 were used for our final results. Results: Studies have shown that flowers, roots, seeds, and other parts of the plant exert antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, sedative, analgesic and anti-cough effects due to the presence of valuable phytochemical compounds such as anthocyanins, pectin, starch, monosaccharide, disaccharide, mucilage, flavonoids (hypolaetin-8-glucoside, isoquercitrin, kaempferol, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid), coumarins, scopolamine, phytosterol, tannins, asparagine, and certain amino acids. Conclusion: Alcea rosea, as a rich source of secondary metabolites, can have diverse applications in medical and food research.
In vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of selected polyherbal formulations sold in Nigeria
Authors: Ogidi Odangowei Inetiminebi , Joshua Marcella Tari
Published: September 2024

Background and aims: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or corticosteroid analgesics are recommended to alleviate or reduce pain. Regrettably, many of these drugs may induce bleeding, dyspepsia, cardiac complications, renal issues, and various short- or long-term adverse effects. Consequently, there has been an escalation in the endeavor to develop natural anti-inflammatory medications, driven by the growing number of individuals seeking natural therapies to manage their pain. The polyherbal formulations (Yoyo and Dr. Iguedo Goko bitters) have not assessed their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities; hence, this study "in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of selected polyherbal formulations sold in Nigeria." Methods: The evaluation of antioxidant activity was performed using three assays: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) scavenging activity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power. In vitro, anti-inflammatory efficacy was investigated using the human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization technique. Results: The DPPH radical scavenging ability result was observed; the IC50 value of Yoyo bitters (40.63±0.90 % at 250 µg/mL) was highest, while Dr. Goko bitters (3.26±0.21% at 50 µg/mL) was lowest. Meanwhile, the positive control (ascorbic acid) had an IC50 value of 93.54±0.57% at 250 µg/mL. The ferric-reducing antioxidant power of the samples was highest in Dr. Goko bitters, 1.96±0.02 % at 250 µg/mL, and lowest in Dr. Goko and Yoyo bitters, 0.46±0.01% at 100 and 50 µg/mL, respectively. The hydrogen peroxide free radical scavenging activity of the samples was highest in Yoyo bitters, 58.0.3±0.60 % at 250 µg/mL, and lowest in Dr. Goko bitters, 7.28±0.02 % at 50 µg/mL. The anti-inflammatory findings indicate that Yoyo bitters exhibited the highest percentage protection (89.46±6.11%) at a concentration of 1000 μg/mL, while the lowest percentage protection (26.62±1.13%) was observed at a concentration of 200 μg/mL. The reference standard diclofenac sodium has a percentage of 90.46±1.44 at a concentration of 1000 μg/mL. Meanwhile, the poly-herbal formulations had the highest and lowest total phenolic concentrations in Yoyo bitters (97.52±1.43 mg GAE/g at 250 µg/mL), and Dr. Goko bitters (47.3±1.44 mg GAE/g at 50 µg/mL), respectively. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the formulations might not have effective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities when compared with the reference standard drugs (ascorbic acid and diclofenac sodium), respectively.
Reviving the balm of Gilead: A contemporary formulation inspired by historical wisdom
Authors: Gonçalves Sara
Published: September 2024

Background and aims: The balm of Gilead, steeped in cultural significance, remains enigmatic due to its undefined composition and preparation methods. This study aims to recreate a formulation inspired by this elusive balm, combining historical insights with modern botanical knowledge. Methods: The study employed Populus balsamifera seeds infused with organic olive oil, mirroring historical practices. Essential oils—myrrh, frankincense, and cedar—were selected. Evaluation encompassed appearance, texture, aroma, and pH alignment with historical context and dermatological compatibility. Results: The formulated balm exhibited a smooth texture, earthy aroma, and a pH of 5.5, akin to skin’s natural acidity. These attributes echoed historical practices and holistic approaches. Conclusion: While the formulation mirrors historical attributes, challenges persist due to the genuine balm’s undefined composition. The study highlights the potential of employing Populus balsamifera due to limitations. Future directions include chemical analyses and clinical studies to validate therapeutic potential, bridging historical wisdom with contemporary science.
Anthropometrics and Mental Health Among People with and Without Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Foroughan Mahshid , Namjoo Shamsedin , Mirzaei Masoud , Ghaedamini Harouni Gholamreza , Abbasian Mehdi , Afaridoun Khosro
Published: September 2024

Objectives: To investigate the relationships between anthropometric variables and the mental health of older people with type 2 diabetes compared to those without diabetes. Design: A case-control study. Setting(s): The study was conducted in Yazd, the capital city of the Yazd province in Iran. Participants: This study comprised 501 diabetic and 555 non-diabetic individuals recruited from the Yazd Health Study (YaHS). Outcome measures: The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21) questionnaire was used to assess mental health. The scale measured anthropometric indicators, including blood pressure, waist circumference, hip circumference, neck circumference, body fat, body muscle percentage, visceral fat, and body mass index (BMI). Results: The non-diabetic group exhibited better mental health (P≤0.01) compared to the diabetic group. Linear regression analysis indicated that, among demographic variables, gender in diabetic elderly was associated with mental health (P≤0.01), while gender, level of education, and marital status (P≤0.01) in non-diabetics were associated with mental health. Furthermore, among anthropometric factors, BMI and visceral fat (P≤0.01) in diabetics and visceral fat (P≤0.01) in non-diabetics were associated with mental health. The model obtained from liner regression based on demographic and anthropometric variables explained 6 to 13.3% and 8.8 to 15.4% of variance in mental health among diabetic (R2=0.086, P≤0.01) and non-diabetic (R2=0.162, P≤0.01) individuals, respectively. Conclusions: Gender, higher BMI, and visceral fat were associated with poor mental health among diabetic patients. The results of the present study can be used for designing appropriate interventions through different programs such as physical fitness programs.
Prevalence of Elder Abuse Among Shiraz Education Retirees: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Kaveh Mohammad Hossein , Asadollahi Abodolrahim , Rabiey Faradonbeh Maryam
Published: September 2024

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of elder abuse and its related factors among retirees of the Department of Education. Design: A cross-sectional study. Setting(s): The current study was conducted in Shiraz, the capital of Fars province, Iran. Participants: A sample of 280 (157 females and 123 males) community-dwelling older adults aged≥60 were selected using a systematic random sampling method. Outcome measures: The data were collected through a demographic questionnaire and the Domestic Elder Abuse Questionnaire (DEAQ). Demographic characteristics, including age, gender, marital status, living arrangement, household size, number of children, disease and its type, health status, education level, income, and house ownership, were examined to evaluate their impact on elder abuse. In addition, the prevalence of elder abuse and its subscales (i.e., emotional neglect, care neglect, financial neglect, curtailment of personal autonomy, psychological abuse, physical abuse, financial abuse, and abandonment) was also measured. Results: Approximately 40% of participants underwent at least one type of abuse. Financial abuse (32%) and physical abuse (3.9%) were reported as the most and least frequent types of abuse, respectively. Moreover, there was a statistically significant relationship between some demographic variables (e.g., age, presence of disease, duration of disease, health status, and income level) and the total abuse index. Additionally, some variables had statistically significant relationships with various subscales of abuse. Conclusions: Findings highlight the need to develop efficient policies to prevent elder abuse. Further research is thus recommended to determine influencing factors and appropriate interventions.
Risk Factors and Distribution of Infectious Diseases among the Older Adults on a Pilgrimage to Arba’een Mass Gathering
Authors: Azizi Hosein , Naghili Behrouz , Kolivand Pirhossein , Abbasi Fariba , Ghanbarzadeh Javid Shahriyar , Davtalab Esmaeili Elham , Sarbazi Ehsan
Published: September 2024

Objectives: To determine the syndromic symptoms associated with infectious diseases in the older adults attending the Arba’een pilgrimage mass gathering. Design: A cross-sectional study. Setting(s): Outpatient clinics during the Arba’een pilgrimage. Participants: A total of 200 subjects were randomly chosen among the older adults attending outpatient clinics during the Arba’een pilgrimage in Iraq in 2022. Outcome measures: The syndromic symptoms of infectious diseases, including acute fever and rash, influenza-like syndrome, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), food poisoning, acute diarrhea, bloody diarrhea, and chronic cough were evaluated using a valid checklist provided by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Ministry of Health (Iran). Multiple logistic regression analysis was carried out to estimate the crude and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confidence intervals. Results: The mean age of the participants was 68.3 years, with nearly 60% of the participants being men. Among 72 (29.4%) mask users, 71% changed masks in less than 8 hours. The most common syndromic symptom was flu-like illness (42%). In the final analysis, not using a mask (AOR=1.5, 1.1 – 4.7), diabetes (AOR=3.01, 1.4 – 7.7), and smoking (AOR=1.75, 1.02 – 3.8) increased the risk of the flu-like syndrome and severe respiratory disease symptoms. Conclusions: Flu and respiratory illnesses are common among the aging population attending Arba’een mass gatherings. To prevent potential outbreaks, it is necessary to perform a differential diagnosis of respiratory diseases such as influenza and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Trend of Staple Food Consumption Among Iranian Households Using National Household Budget Survey Data: Interaction with Socio-demographic Measurements
Authors: Mollarasouli Zahra , Abdi Fatemeh , Rahimi Mamaghani Alireza , Abbasalizad Farhangi Mahdieh
Published: September 2024

Background: This study aimed to examine the phenomenon of nutrition transfer in Iran from 2002 to 2017 and explore the evidence for effective policy for a healthier country. Methods: A repeated cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Central Bank of Statistics of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The per capita staple food consumption data of 212567 households in 79 cities were analyzed annually from 2002 to 2017. The study employed a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach to analyze the interaction between staple food patterns, demographic factors, and socio-economic changes. Results: The analysis of 16-year trends in per capita (kg/household/year) consumption of food commodities in Iran between 2002 and 2017 revealed a significant decrease in the consumption of rice and bread, which are the main contributors to the Iranian diet. Furthermore, the price index (PI) indicated a negative association with the per capita intake of rice, bread, and red meat. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the increase in food costs is associated with a significant reduction in the per capita consumption of staple foods and overall calorie intake.
The effect of mannitol on postoperative renal function in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery: A double-blinded randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hemmati Maslakpak Masumeh , Bilejani Eisa , Negargar Sohrab , Khalili Ahmadali , Alinejad Vahid , Faravan Amir
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Mannitol, an osmotic diuretic solution, is commonly utilized in priming cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and can impact kidney function. This study was conducted to investigate the impact of mannitol use during CPB on kidney function in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery. Methods: This randomized, double-blind clinical trial studied 90 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery. In the control group (n=45), the prime solution included Ringer’s lactate, and in the intervention group (n=45), the prime solution had 200 ml of mannitol 20% and Ringer’s lactate. A P-value<0.05 was considered significant. The primary endpoint of this study is renal function. Results: Demographic characteristics and risk factors were not significantly different between the two groups (P>0.05). Additionally, there was no statistically significant difference between two groups in terms of CPB time, aortic cross-clamp time, length of time connected to mechanical ventilation, 30-day mortality, ICU, and hospital stay time (P>0.05). Furthermore, no statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups in serum creatinine levels (P=0.53) or BUN levels (P=0.13). The study also found no statistically significant difference in the diuresis rate between the two groups (P=0.10). Conclusion: The present study has shown that adding mannitol to the prime has no effect on kidney function, length of time connected to mechanical ventilation, length of stay in the ICU, or 30-day mortality. Therefore, it suggests that mannitol cannot be used as a preventative strategy for acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery.
The changes in cardiovascular disease risk factors after the implementation of the package of essential non-communicable disease control
Authors: Pouramini Ali Reza , Kafi Fatemeh , Khadivi Reza
Published: September 2024

Introduction: The Package of Essential Non-Communicable (PEN) Disease Control was implemented in the primary healthcare system to manage cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in Iran. This study aimed to evaluate the status of CVD risk factor control following the implementation of the PEN. Methods: This historical cohort study was conducted among 60-65-year-old residents to compare hypertension (HTN) control via mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), diabetes mellitus (DM) control via fasting blood sugar (FBS) and HbA1C tests, hyperlipidemia control via serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and overweight and obesity via body mass index (BMI) measurement in 2016 (before the implementation of the PEN project) and 2021 (after 5 years). Results: A total of 1,583 residents with a mean age of 62.32±1.70 years were included in the study. In 2021, compared to 2016, there was a significant decrease in the relative frequency of residents with high SBP from 13.7% to 9.3%, high DBP from 11.3% to 3.4%, FBS≥126 mg/dL from 25.6% to 19.7%, and BMI≥30 from 25.7% to 23.4%. Additionally, the mean DBP and the mean serum levels of FBS among all participants decreased significantly. However, the relative frequency of residents with total cholesterol≥200 mg/dL increased significantly from 11.5% to 14.2%. Conclusion: Following the implementation of the PEN, the control of HTN, DM, and obesity improved among 60-65-year-old residents. However, the control of hypercholesterolemia did not improve.
Unicuspid unicommissural aortic valve
Authors: Girish Nataraju Komalamma , Pandey Niraj Nirmal , Jagia Priya , Singh Sandeep
Published: September 2024

We describe a case of a 30-year-old woman with gradually increasing dyspnoea on exertion where CT angiography revealed a unicuspid unicommissural morphology of the aortic valve. The present report highlights the anatomical and embryological aspects of this rare anatomical variant as well as the associated cardiovascular abnormalities.
Impact of prior aspirin use on left ventricular function in ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention: An echocardiographic evaluation
Authors: Yosefzadeh Yosef , Rezaei Mahdokht , Allami Abbas , Hosseinsabet Ali
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Previous studies have investigated the potential influence of prior aspirin use on cardiac function in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) who undergo primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). However, the results from these studies have been conflicting. This study aimed to investigate whether prior aspirin use affects left ventricular (LV) function in these patients using echocardiography. Methods: The study included 260 consecutive STEMI patients, who were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of prior aspirin use. Echocardiographic parameters, such as maximal left atrial (LA) size, LV ejection fraction (LVEF), early diastolic velocity (e’), E/A ratio, and E/e’ ratio, were assessed within 72 hours of admission. Results: Aspirin users had an older age compared to non-users, as well as lower body mass index and renal function. They also had a greater history of hypertension and were more likely to be taking statins, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, and calcium channel blockers. There were no significant differences in LVEF, maximal LA size, E/A ratio, E/e’ ratio, and deceleration time between aspirin users and non-users. e’ wave was marginally lower in aspirin users (P=0.054). After controlling for confounding variables, the previous use of aspirin did not show a significant impact. Conclusion: Prior aspirin use in STEMI patients does not have a significant impact on LV echocardiographic parameters. Our conclusions remained consistent even after adjusting for potential confounders.
Jaw bone changes in panoramic radiography in patients with hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Mohammadi Maryam , Alinejad Saeed , Abesi Farida
Published: September 2024

Background and aims: The current investigation aimed to evaluate jaw bone changes, and compare the presence of gonial cortex bone thickness, mental index (MI), lamina dura (LD), lower dental canal, and bone density in panoramic radiography, in patients with hyperparathyroidism. Methods: The present cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was performed on 17 healthy individuals and 17 patients who suffered from resorptive hypercalciuria in the dialysis center of Shahid Beheshti hospital in Babol in 2018. If patients had two or more decayed teeth, they were referred to a specialized maxillofacial clinic by the dentist for free panoramic imaging. Mandibular cortical index, LD, bone change, mandibular resorption (MR), and general cortical indices underwent examination. Results: The mean age of the control and case groups was 36.58±11.81 years and 40.23±14.32 years, respectively (P=0.424). In addition, the mean MI was 4.27±0.87 and 2.98±0.75 in the control and case groups, respectively (P<0.001). Based on the results, the mean gonion region’s cortical bone thickness was 0.93±0.23 and 1.09±0.24 in the case and control groups, respectively (P<0.001). Further, bone changes (P=0.036) and MR (P=0.017) were significantly different in the case and control groups. However, LD vision showed no significant difference in the hyperparathyroidism and the control groups (P=0.141). Conclusion: The results demonstrated a decrease in the thickness of the cortical bone in the guinea pig, mental region, and lack of dental canal in resorptive hypercalciuria compared to healthy individuals.
Analisis Pengaplikasian Kurikulum Merdeka: Penggunaan E-Rapor Sebagai Alat Evaluasi di SMAN 1 Cikarang Selatan
Authors: Asiah Siti , Lutfiyana Nur
Published: September 2024

This research is motivated by the E-Rapor Kurikulum Merdeka application at SMAN 1 Cikarang Selatan as the object of research seen from the method of use, application features. Processing and filling in this application shows changes in evaluation tools from manual to digital and dealing with the post-covid 19 pandemic situation. Then, this research is limited by several research questions in the form of problem formulations containing the reasons for using this application; advantages and disadvantages of the application; user responses to the application; and to what extent this application provides teacher satisfaction as users. Furthermore, this research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method, namely a method that focuses on problems based on facts carried out by means of observation, interviews, and studying documents. In addition, to deepen the analysis, Usability analysis is used with several aspects developed as indicators: Learnability, Efficiency, Memorability, Error, and Satisfaction. These five aspects are used as a reference as a way to analyze how effectively this application is used and the weaknesses in it. The Merdeka Curriculum E-Rapor application applied at SMAN 1 Cikarang Selatan after being studied showed that this application is easy to use, user friendly, and errors experienced personally as users are not in the application. In terms of efficiency, when logging out. The security aspect of this application is very good and cannot be logged in carelessly on the device, because it will make the account unable to log back in and must ask the operator to reset the account, easy to open and run, quick to master its use, according to user expectations, appropriate, complete features, easy to access, easy to remember, difficulty logging out, closing the window cannot access login.
Implementasi Penentuan Harga Pokok Produksi dengan Metode Full Costing dan Activity Based Costing di UMKM Pabrik Krupuk Poli UD. Bhakti Rantani Sumenep
Authors: Tasliyah Nihayatut , Yulissaroh Yulissaroh , Anwar Khoirul
Published: September 2024

Not a few MSMEs use traditional methods in determining product prices, so that the profits achieved are felt to have not met the aspect of justice. What they express is that the important thing is not to lose. The full Costing and Activity Based Costing methods are approaches that have been used by companies, the impact is that they can provide wages or services to all parties or elements involved in production or business. Because implementing the two methods is an effort to fulfill the rights of each element that has contributed to each business unit.
The Effect of Using Quizizz Web-Based Learning Media on Students’ Grammar Inquiry at SMA Negeri 1 Situbondo
Authors: Hidayatullah M. Hilmy , Syaiful Khalidatul Fajriyah
Published: September 2024

One of learning application that is commonly used in learning English is Quizizz. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Quizizz web-based learning media on students’ grammar inquiry. This research used quasi experimental research. The data collection method used was pre-test and post-test of grammar. The sample of this research was class XII MIPA 1 which consisted of 31 students and XII MIPA 2 which consisted of 34 students. The research variable was the Quizizz web-based learning media as independent variable and students’ grammar inquiry as dependent variable. The findings indicated that the mean score of the students’ before using Quizizz web-based learning media got 51.25 in experimental group and got 55.71 in control group. The mean score after using Quizizz web-based learning media was 77.68 in experimental group and 75.36 in control group. This educational research uses 5% significance level. The t-test analysis is used in this research based on the sample size that is below 30 samples with t-score 1.729. based on output pair 1 on table 4.6, t value 0.184 < 1.729, there is no difference between the average student learning outcomes for the experimental group post-test and control group post-test. So, it can be concluded that there is no effect of using Quizizz web-based learning media on students’ grammar inquiry.
WHY DO DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION INITIATIVES FAIL? DIGITAL MINDSETS AS AN INVISIBLE STRATEGIC COMPONENT
Authors: Demirel Hatice Gökçe
Published: September 2024

The question of why some organizations cannot achieve successful transformation despite having sufficient technological resources and infrastructure is multidimensional and complex. If we add to this question why some organizations cannot achieve digital innovation despite successfully implementing digital transformation into their business processes, we can conclude that an invisible element in organizations is used strategically incorrectly or erroneously. This study argues that this invisible strategic component is digital mindset and examines it in terms of leaders, employees, and the collective mindset of the organization, culture.
In this conceptual research, digital leadership and culture have been taken as a domain and mindsets as a method to understand invisible components of success and/or failure. With this approach, two studies that have made significant contributions to digital mindset studies, Lankshear and Knobel's (2006) and Solberg et al. (2020), were taken as reference points and delved into. Digital mindsets have been examined in two different analyze level: business mindset and individual mindset at the organizational level. Firstly, this study examines two primary digital mindsets (Lankshear and Knobel, 2006)—Mindset 1 and Mindset 2—offering contrasting views on social relations, value creation, production, expertise, and intelligence. Secondly, it examines the digital mindsets, which Solberg et al. (2020) divided into four (Fixed/Zero-Sum, Fixed/Expandable-Sum, Growth/Zero-Sum, and Growth/Expandable-Sum), as a strategic tool that operates with two different mechanisms, from culture to employee and from employee to culture, in order to create and implement a successful digital transformation strategy in organizations. Although the literature highlights some aspects of digital leadership, digital transformation and technology selection strategy, and digital organizational culture, there is not yet sufficient knowledge to see their relationship with the digital mindset in a holistic way. Addressing this gap will provide insights into the interaction between leadership, culture, employee mindset, and digital technology strategy success, ultimately contributing to more holistic and effective digital transformation practices.
This research contributes to the literature with two aspects of the model it proposes. First, it draws attention to the importance of the leader's mindset in terms of strategic horizon. Second, it provides a framework for the leader to develop different strategies, policies and practices according to the differences in the digital mindsets of the employees. It is aimed to develop a strategic perspective for the digital mindset, which is associated with different individual and organizational dimensions in the literature as an element of culture.
Survey of encoding techniques for quantum machine learning
Authors:   Department of Computer Science, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Tiruchirappalli, India, Sharma Siddhartha , N Renugadevi ,   Department of Computer Science, Tiruchirappalli, India
Published: September 2024

Quantum computing is a field of computation that processes information in a fundamentally different way compared to classical computers. Quantum computing is a rapidly expanding research field with ongoing investigations regarding applications of quantum computing in widespread domains such as cryptography, artificial intelligence, communications, etc. The core focus of this paper is quantum encoding which is a crucial branch of quantum computing. Quantum encoding involves mapping classical data into quantum states. This paper provides an in-depth analysis of prominent quantum encoding techniques with their strengths and weaknesses. Furthermore, this paper suggests development of hybrid encoding methods capable of emulating the concept of Euclidean distance by integrating amplitude and angle encoding.
Examining the Relationship Between Teacher Leadership and Academic Achievement
Authors: Kaya Metin , Göktaş Erkan , Altunbaşak İlker
Published: September 2024

The aim of this research is to examine the relationship between teacher leadership and academic achievement of students through meta-analysis. For this purpose, an analysis of the effect sizes of 47 independent samples obtained from a total of 54 primary studies was carried out according to the inclusion criteria. Findings revealed that there is a positive yet weak association between teacher leadership and academic achievement. The distribution of effect sizes does not differ statistically with respect to the leadership type, academic field, education level, analysis unit, participant, location, and publication type. However, the size of effects significantly differs by the education levels. Accordingly, the effect size value in terms of the relationship between teacher leadership and students' academic achievement is weak for the elementary school, with Fz = .12, while it is moderate for the university, high school, and middle school with values of Fz = .26, Fz = .38, and Fz = .30 respectively.
Podstawy relacji Kościół – państwo w świetle nauki społecznej Kościoła. Komunikacja i kompromis
Authors: Nęcek Robert
Published: September 2024

CEL NAUKOWY: Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie podstaw relacji Kościół – państwo, gdzie ważnymi elementami składowymi są komunikacja i kompromis.
PROBLEM I METODY BADAWCZE: Głównym problemem badawczym jest określenie podstaw właściwych relacji między państwem i Kościołem dla dobra wspólnego. Chodzi o określenie, jak Kościół rozumie podstawy tych relacji, co należy do obowiązków państwa, a co do obowiązków Kościoła, a także jakie powinno być państwo – świeckie, czy laickie. W realizacji podjętej tematyki zostaną wykorzystane adekwatne do interdyscyplinarnego charakteru opracowania metody: hermeneutyczna analiza tekstu i porównawcza z elementami analizy i syntezy.
PROCES WYWODU: Omówione zostały następujące kwestie ukazujące podstawy właściwych relacji między Kościołem i państwem – określenie celu państwa, jakim jest dobro wspólne rozumiane w szczegółach jako zabezpieczenie porządku prawnego, zabezpieczenie porządku dobrobytu i zdefiniowanie państwa świeckiego. Następnie określenie celu Kościoła jako społeczności nadprzyrodzonej rozumianej w szczegółach jako działająca religijnie i etyczno-społeczna, która pełni funkcję krytyczną wobec państwa, a także docenienie we wzajemnej współpracy komunikacji i zdrowo pojętego kompromisu.
WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: Kościół, współpracując z państwem dla dobra wspólnego obywateli i wiernych, preferuje państwo świeckie, czyli takie, które jest państwem niereligijnym, to znaczy nieutożsamiającym się z ostatecznym celem życia obywateli, ale uznającym prawo do poszukiwań religijnych. W końcu trzeba rozumieć, czym jest kompromis, kiedy można go zawierać, a kiedy nie można o nim myśleć. Podstawą poznawania siebie nawzajem jest komunikacja.
WNIOSKI, INNOWACJE, REKOMENDACJE: Należy uważnie poznać cele państwa i Kościoła, odkryć, na czym polega komunikacja, kiedy należy zawierać kompromis i w jakich sprawach.
Ryzyko, czy niepewność - próba oceny szoków cenowych na rynku energii?
Authors: Thlon Michał , Brożek Andrzej , Thlon Jan
Published: September 2024

CEL NAUKOWY: Celem artykułu jest przeniesienie koncepcji teoretycznych dotyczących ryzyka i niepewności w gospodarce na praktyczny wymiar związany z rynkiem energii elektrycznej w Polsce. Przeanalizowano możliwość przypisania zjawiskom rynkowym właściwości ryzyka lub niepewności w celu oceny możliwości prognozowania zmian na rynku energii. Autorzy starają się odpowiedzieć na pytanie, czy na polskim rynku energii doszło do nadzwyczajnej zmiany warunków rynkowych dopuszczającej prawną możliwość zmiany relacji umownej pomiędzy sprzedawcą a nabywcą energii.
PROBLEM I METODY BADAWCZE: Problemem badawczym jest zmienność cen energii elektrycznej w Polsce determinowana w kontekście możliwości jej prognozowania. Metody badawcze obejmują analizę ekonomiczno-prawną oraz analizę danych empirycznych dotyczących istotnych szoków cenowych na polskim rynku energii.
PROCES WYWODU: Proces wywodu obejmuje analizę czynników ekonomiczno­-prawnych będących przyczyną gwałtownych zmian na polskim rynku energii elektrycznej. Analiza została przeprowadzona na podstawie danych rynkowych dotyczących pierwszego z serii istotnych szoków cenowych odnotowanych na polskim rynku energii w 2018 r.
WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: W wyniku przeprowadzonych analiz wskazano czynniki, które miały najbardziej istotny wpływ na wzrost cen energii elektrycznej na polskim rynku w 2018 r. Stwierdzono, iż ówczesna zmienność rynkowa miała charakter nadzwyczajny – pozwalający przyjąć, iż nie było możliwości przewidzenia ex ante skali zmian cen energii elektrycznej.
WNIOSKI, INNOWACJE, REKOMENDACJE: Na podstawie przeprowadzonej analizy sformułowano wnioski dotyczące konieczności opracowania strategii zarządzania ryzykiem cenowym na rynku energii elektrycznej w Polsce. Wyniki mają istotne znaczenie praktyczne dla stabilizacji procesów gospodarczych i zarządzania ryzykiem cenowym na rynku energii. Inspiracją do wyboru okresu analizy były liczne procesy sądowe odnoszące się do zmian rynkowych w 2018 r., toczone pomiędzy firmami energetycznymi a odbiorcami korporacyjnymi z żądaniem „dostosowania” wynagrodzenia kontraktowego z uwagi na zaistnienie nieprzewidywalnego wzrostu cen rynkowych cen energii na podstawie klauzuli rebus sic stantibus, uregulowanej w art. 3571 oraz 632 § 2 Kodeksu cywilnego.
Fr. Bolesław Żychliński’s (1857–1929) Guidelines for Family Religious Education
Authors: Grudziński Andrzej
Published: September 2024

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: This study aims to provide an overview of Fr. Bolesław Żychliński’s pedagogical views on religious education within the family and to present the educational guide- lines he addressed to parents.
THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: What practical educational guidelines did Fr. Bolesław Żychliński offer for the religious upbringing of children, specifically addressing mothers and fathers? This article employs historical-pedagogical analysis of printed sources to explore these questions.
THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The article begins by explaining the basic concepts related to the topic. It then provides comments on Fr. Żychliński’s biography, followed by a detailed presentation of his educational guidelines for mothers and his recommendations for the educational duties of fathers.
RESEARCH RESULTS: Fr. Żychliński’s educational postulates regarding religious upbringing in the family fall within the domain of the pedagogy of religion. He advises parents to take educational measures aimed at fostering and solidifying faith in their children while encouraging good behavior.
CONCLUSIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND APPLICABLE VALUE OF RESEARCH: Fr. Żychliński’s educational postulates offer valuable guidelines for modern parents on the practice of religious education within the family.
Obowiązki wychowawcze rodziców. Idee pedagogii rodziny o. Ireneusza Kmiecika OFM (1878–1958)
Authors: Szulakiewicz Władysława , Bieś SJ Andrzej Paweł
Published: September 2024

CEL NAUKOWY: Celem niniejszego opracowania jest ukazanie poglądów pedagogicznych o. Ireneusza Kmiecika dotyczących wychowania w rodzinie.
PROBLEM I METODY BADAWCZE: Głównym problemem badawczym rozważań jest poszukiwanie odpowiedzi na pytania: Jaka była geneza poglądów pedagogicznych o. Kmiecika? Jakie postulował obowiązki wychowawcze dla rodziców? Jakie proponował wytyczne realizacji procesu wychowania w rodzinie? W artykule zastosowano metodę analizy historyczno-pedagogicznej źródeł drukowanych i prasy.
PROCES WYWODU: Na wstępie przedstawiono uwagi do biografii duchownego, kolejno zaprezentowano genezę jego poglądów, następnie omówiono postulowane przez niego idee wychowania w rodzinie widziane przez pryzmat obowiązków wychowawczych rodziców. W zakończeniu skrótowo ujęto istotę pedagogii rodziny w ujęciu o. Kmiecika.
WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: Z przedstawionych rozważań wynika, że postulaty wychowawcze sformułowane przez franciszkanina tworzą zarys koncepcji pedagogii rodziny. O. Kmiecik proponuje taki model wychowania, dzięki któremu dzieci otrzymują w rodzinie fundamenty wychowania religijnego i moralnego. Rodzice są też odpowiedzialni za rozwój charakteru swoich dzieci – kształtowanie cech pozytywnych i zapobieganie wadom.
WNIOSKI, REKOMENDACJE I APLIKACYJNE ZNACZENIE WPŁYWU BADAŃ: Wnioski wynikające z analizy dorobku pedagogicznego o. Kmiecika wskazują, że pojmowanie przez duchownego wychowawczej roli rodziny ma charakter ponadczasowy. Postulaty wychowawcze przez niego głoszone mają wartość praktyczną zarówno dla rodziców, jak i wszystkim zajmujących się wychowaniem. Jego publikacja Praktyczne wskazówki o wychowaniu jest przewodnikiem wychowania w rodzinie, w którym i współczesny rodzic może odnaleźć niejedną ważną wskazówkę niezbędną w wychowaniu swoich dzieci.
Uwarunkowania międzypokoleniowej socjalizacji religijnej w rodzinach według Verna Bengtsona (1941-2019)
Authors: Kochanowicz Jerzy
Published: September 2024

CEL NAUKOWY: Celem artykułu jest analiza uwarunkowań międzypokoleniowej socjalizacji religijnej w rodzinach, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem wyników obszernych badań podłużnych Verna Bengtsona.
PROBLEM I METODY BADAWCZE: Punktem wyjścia analiz jest pytanie, jakie elementy dynamiki rodziny sprzyjają przekazywaniu wartości religijnych następnemu pokoleniu. Zastosowano metodę jakościowej analizy treści głównej pracy Bengtsona pt. Families and Faith w celu zrekonstruowania i interpretacji jego poglądów na temat socjalizacji religijnej w rodzinach.
PROCES WYWODU: Skoncentrowano się na analizie czynników mających znaczenie dla przekazu religijnego w rodzinach, takich jak: ciepło emocjonalne między rodzicami a dziećmi, tolerancja rodziców wobec wyborów religijnych dzieci oraz wspierająca rola dziadków.
WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: Badania Bengtsona pokazują, że kluczowym czynnikiem efektywnej socjalizacji religijnej jest emocjonalna bliskość między rodzicami a dziećmi. Wysoki poziom rodzicielskiego ciepła emocjonalnego oraz akceptacja ze strony rodziców znacząco zwiększają prawdopodobieństwo, że dzieci przejmą religijne wierzenia i praktyki starszego pokolenia. Istotną rolę w przekazywaniu wartości religijnych odgrywają też dziadkowie, zwłaszcza w rodzinach z silną więzią międzypokoleniową. W rodzinach, w których rodzice się rozwiedli lub tworzą małżeństwo mieszane (wielowyznaniowe), maleje szansa na efektywną socjalizację religijną dzieci.
WNIOSKI, REKOMENDACJE I APLIKACYJNE ZNACZENIE WPŁYWU BADAŃ: Pielęgnowanie więzi emocjonalnych w rodzinie i umożliwienie dzieciom swobodnych poszukiwań w zakresie religii zwiększa szansę na efektywny międzypokoleniowy przekaz wiary. Ta konstatacja jest pomocna w zrozumieniu dynamiki socjalizacji religijnej we współczesnych rodzinach i może być ważnym impulsem dla edukacji religijnej oraz poradnictwa rodzinnego.