bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Daya Cerna Jagung dan Rumput sebagai Pakan Rusa (Cervus Timorensis)
Authors: Garsetiasih R.
Published: February 2017

The experiment was done on two couples of deer to determine digestilibities and consumption of grass and corn. Each heads of deers of 12-14 months, each couple was managed on difference model of stable (mini ranch and traditional stable) the grass was kept available to deers during the periods of observation and corn was given every two days (250 g). Description analysis and Tillman et al. formula (1984) were implemented to know the level of consumption and digestibility of feed on difference model of stable. Quantitativelly, the deers on the mini ranch were the best; the digestilibities of its constituents were 58.4% crude fibre; 58.9% organic matter and 47.7% dry matter, digestilibities on the tradisional stable were 49.2% crude fibre; 52.2% organic matter and 50.7% dry matter. Feed consumption of the deers on the mini ranch and traditional stable were 1.570 kg and 1.440 kg.

 

Abstrak

Penelitian dilakukan terhadap dua pasang rusa untuk mengetahui daya cerna dan konsumsi ransum berupa rumput dan jagung. Umur rusa berkisar antara 12-14 bulan, setiap pasang rusa dipelihara dalam kandang yang berbeda, yaitu kandang tradisional (model panggung) dan kandang terbuka (mini ranch). Jenis pakan yang diberikan adalah rumput lapangan yang diberikan secara adlibitum dan jagung diberikan setiap 2 hari sekali, setiap pemberian sebanyak 250 g. Untuk mengetahui konsumsi dan daya cerna pakan oleh rusa di kandang yang berbeda dilakukan analisis secara deskriptif dan perhitungan dengan rumus Tillman et al. (1984). Dari hasil pengamatan diketahui daya cerna ransum pada kandang terbuka, yaitu bahan organik (58,9%), serat kasar (58,4%), dan bahan kering (47,7%). Daya cerna ransum pada rusa dengan model kandang panggung adalah serat kasar (49,20%), bahan organik (52,24%), dan bahan kering (50,7%). Konsumsi bahan kering ransum pada rusa dengan kandang model terbuka dan kandang model panggung masing-masing sebesar 1.570 kg dan 1.440 kg.
Ekologi Pohon Kluwak/Pakem (Pangium edule Reinw.) di Taman Nasional Meru Betiri, Jawa Timur
Authors: Heriyanto N. M. , Subiandono Endro
Published: February 2017

The ecological aspects of kluwak/pakem tree (Pangium edule Reinw) were observed at three location namely Pakeman, Sumber Salak and Sumber Gadung, Sub section II of Conservation Regional Office, Ambulu-Meru Betiri National Park, East Java in October-December 2006. Three transect line measuring 20 m x 1000 m were established accrossed the slope in which observation plots were set up by employing purposive random sampling procedure. The result showed that most of Pangium habitat was found in steep area along the river. Association around the kluwak/pakem trees includes besule trees/Chydenanthus excelsus Miers. Important Value Index (IVI) 28.5%, and wining trees/Pterocybium javanicum R. Br. (IVI 20%). However, wining trees was the most closest association with Pangium vegetation. Biophyisical information of the Pangium vegetation were as follows: 24-30oC daily temperature, 50-80% humidity, 10-65% slope, and 15-306 m altitude. The soil is Latosol with pH 5.5-6.5. Harvesting of fruit of Pangium trees by community surrounding the forest had no negative impact to the trees but this activity should be managed accordingly to avoid disturbing tree generation.

 

Abstrak

Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Oktober-Desember 2006 di blok Pakeman, blok Sumber Salak, dan blok Sumber Gadung Subseksi II Ambulu, Taman Nasional Meru Betiri, Jawa Timur, untuk mengetahui beberapa aspek ekologi pohon kluwak/pakem (Pangium edule Reinw.). Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode pengukuran pada jalur berpetak dengan lebar jalur 20 m dan panjang 1.000 m, jalur memotong lereng dan jumlah jalur pengamatan 3 jalur. Petak-petak penelitian ditetapkan secara sengaja dengan metode purposive sampling, di mana pengukuran dilakukan pada tempat-tempat yang terdapat pohon kluwak/pakem. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa habitat kluwak/pakem di Taman Nasional Meru Betiri banyak dijumpai di sepanjang pinggiran aliran air dan topografi agak curam. Komposisi vegetasi di sekitar pohon kluwak/pakem banyak dijumpai jenis besule (Chydenanthus excelsus Miers) dengan Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) 28,5% dan wining (Pterocybium javanicum R. Br.) dengan INP 20%. Lingkungan fisik yang berkaitan erat dengan kluwak/pakem adalah suhu antara 24-30oC, kelembaban udara 50-80%, kemiringan lahan 10-65%, dan ketinggian tempat di atas permukaan laut 15-306 m. Jenis tanah Latosol dengan tekstur geluh lempungan dengan pH 5,5-6,5. Wining merupakan jenis tumbuhan yang mempunyai asosiasi kuat dengan kluwak/pakem, yang ditunjukkan oleh nilai Indeks Ochiai mendekati nilai satu dan di lapang ditemukan secara bersama-sama dengan pohon kluwak/pakem. Pemanenan buah kluwak/pakem oleh masyarakat tidak berpengaruh buruk pada pohonnya, namun perlu dikelola dengan baik agar tidak mengganggu regenerasi.
Respon Beberapa Genotipe Kacang Tanah terhadap Penyakit Layu Bakteri (Ralstonia solanacearum) di Rumah Kaca
Authors: Suryadi Yadi , Rais Sri A.
Published: February 2017

The objective of the study was to evaluate resistance response of groundnut genotypes against bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) in the green house of Biochemistry Department, ICABIOGRAD, Bogor. Ralstonia solanacearum isolate was obtained from groundnut plant showing wilt symptom, collected from Karadenan village (Cibinong). Preparation of bacterial RS inoculum was done using SP (sucrose peptone) medium. Groundnut plants were inoculated by RS isolate using inoculum capacity of 107 cfu/ml. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design (RCBD) consisted of seven treatments with four replications, whilst Tupai and Kelinci genotypes were used as resistant and susceptible control check, respectively. The result indicated that groundnut genotypes i.e. ICGV 88262, Local Sindangbarang, PI 203395, ICG 10067, and ICG 3400, showed resistant response against bacterial wilt causing wilt damage of <20%. Bacterial wilt disease could affect reductions of some groundnut phenotypic character. The plant height of resistant groundnut showed relatively tall than that of Kelinci. In addition, it showed the lowest healthy pod yield among the genotypes tested.

 

Abstrak

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mempelajari tingkat ketahanan genotipe kacang tanah terhadap penyakit layu bakteri (Ralstonia solanacearum) di rumah kaca Kelompok Peneliti Biokimia BB-Biogen. Isolat R. solanacearum diperoleh dari tanaman kacang tanah yang menunjukkan gejala layu dari Desa Karadenan (Cibinong). Penyiapan dan penyediaan inokulum bakteri R. solanacearum menggunakan media SP (sukrose pepton). Tanaman kacang tanah diinokulasi dengan isolat R. solanacearum dengan kerapatan koloni 107 cfu/ml. Penelitian disusun menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tujuh perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Untuk pembanding tahan dan rentan masing-masing digunakan genotipe Tupai dan Kelinci. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa genotipe ICGV 88262, lokal Sindangbarang, PI 203395, ICG 10067, dan ICG 3400 tahan terhadap penyakit layu bakteri dengan nilai kerusakan <20%. Penyakit layu bakteri berpengaruh terhadap penurunan beberapa karakter fenotipik kacang tanah, di mana tanaman genotipe kacang tanah tahan PLB relatif lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan genotipe Kelinci. Polong bernas Kelinci paling sedikit di antara semua genotipe uji.
Variasi Genetik Jeruk Keprok SoE (Citrus reticulata Blanco) Hasil Radiasi Sinar Gamma Menggunakan Penanda ISSR
Authors: Yulianti Farida , Martasari C. , Karsinah NFN , Hartanto Tangguh
Published: February 2017

Genetic Variation of Keprok SoE Mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) Resulted from Gamma Iradiation Based on ISSR Markers. SoE mandarin is one of the best mandarin from Indonesia which has been chosen as one of mandarin for import substitution. The citrus quality could be improved through breeding program, one of this program was mutation breeding using gamma rays irradiation. The research was aimed to obtain information of SoE mandarin genetic variation derived from gamma rays irradiation using ISSR marker. The research was conducted at Breeding and Tissue Culture Laboratory of Indonesian Citrus and Subtropical Research Institute (ICISFRI) from May to September 2008. Five ISSR primers were used to amplify DNA samples. Matrix data was counted and dendrogram of samples was established using UPGMA and SAHN methods. The resulst showed that 3 of the primers indicated polymorphism. About 22 locus were amplified from 3 primers, 9 (40.9%) locus showed polymorphism. The genetic similarity of SoE mandarin derived from gamma rays irradiation were 73-100%.

 

Abstrak

Jeruk keprok SoE merupakan salah satu jeruk keprok unggulan Indonesia untuk mensubstitusi jeruk impor. Kualitas jeruk dapat ditingkatkan melalui program pemuliaan, salah satunya adalah melalui pemuliaan mutasi dengan menggunakan sinar gamma. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang variasi genetik jeruk keprok SoE hasil radiasi sinar gamma menggunakan penanda ISSR. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Pemuliaan dan Kultur Jaringan, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Jeruk dan Buah Subtropika (Balitjestro) pada bulan Mei-September 2008. Lima penanda ISSR digunakan untuk mengamplifikasi sampel DNA. Pengelompokan tanaman di dalam dendrogram dihitung menurut UPGMA menggunakan metode SAHN. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tiga penanda mengindikasikan adanya polimorfisme. Dari 22 lokus yang terbentuk dari tiga penanda, sembilan lokus (40,9%) menunjukkan polimorfisme. Tingkat kesamaan genetik jeruk keprok SoE hasil radiasi sinar gamma berkisar antara 73-100%.
Karakter Anatomi Daun Kultur Purwoceng Pascakonservasi In Vitro
Authors: Ningsih Rita , Darwati Ireng , Megia Rita , Roostika Ika
Published: February 2017

Leaf Anatomy Characteristic of Pruatjan Cultures Post In Vitro. Evaluation of anatomical characteristics regenerant planlet of purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.) cultivated on conservation medium was observed to determine the difference of characteristics performance of the planlet grown on conservation medium and those that was maintained on the normal medium. Stomata was microscopically observed on abaxial leaf paradermal section that preparated by whole mount method and leaf structure on cross section by paraffin method. The result showed that stomata density was greater on the planlets regenerated in the conservation medium but stomata length was lower than those on the normal medium. Upper epidermis, mesofil and lower epidermis length of the regenerant on the conservation medium were lower than those on the normal medium. Sorbitol and paclobutrazol applied reduced the performance of regenerated spesies than those of planlet maintained on the normal medium. Combination of both application resulted in anatomical character differences on the plants regenerated on normal medium.

 

Abstrak

Pengujian terhadap karakter anatomi daun regeneran purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.) pasca penyimpanan dalam medium konservasi telah dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakter anatomi daun regeneran pascakonservasi dalam medium dengan penambahan kombinasi sorbitol dan paklobutrazol selama 4 dan 8 bulan. Selanjutnya daun regeneran tersebut dibandingkan dengan daun regeneran dalam medium normal (kontrol). Pengamatan stomata dan struktur daun dilakukan secara mikroskopis masing-masing terhadap sayatan paradermal daun yang dibuat melalui metode whole mount dan sayatan melintang yang dibuat melalui metode paraffin. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan anatomi daun regeneran yang dikultur pada medium konservasi dan daun regeneran pada medium normal (kontrol). Densitas stomata daun regeneran yang tumbuh pada media konservasi rata-rata lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan daun regeneran pada media kontrol, tetapi stomata lebih pendek dibandingkan dengan daun regeneran pada media kontrol. Panjang epidermis atas, mesofil, dan epidermis lebih pendek dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Penurunan daya regenerasi berkorelasi dengan perbedaan karakter anatomi. Pengaruh sorbitol dan paklobutrazol selama periode konservasi masih bertahan (persisten) pada tanaman regeneran. Kombinasi perlakuan keduanya menghasilkan perbedaan karakter anatomi pada daun regeneran purwoceng.
Peningkatan Bobot Badan Dewasa Rusa Sambar melalui Seleksi di Penangkaran
Authors: Brahmantyo B. , Wirdateti NFN , Nugraha T. , Trasidiharta A.
Published: February 2017

Selection on Adult Weight of Sambar Deer (Rusa unicolor). Deer are animals that has potential as producers of meat, through the exploitation of captive deer. Morphometric information and selection to improve the performance of Sambar deer has been done in Technical Implementation Unit of Animal Breeding and Artificial Insemination Institute, Village Api-api, District of Penajam Paser Utara, East Kalimantan. A number of 174 heads from a total population of Sambar deer recorded body weight, body length, width and chest circumference, length and width of head, also length and width of the ear. Results of selection of female and male based on body weight, were 52 females (60%, the intensity of selection 1:40) and six males (10%, the intensity of selection 1.74). Differential selection on males and females were 18.42 kg and 7.73 kg, respectively. Prediction of selection response of Sambar deer was 7845 kg with heritability estimation value (h2) was 0.60.

 

Abstrak

Rusa merupakan satwa yang bepotensi sebagai penghasil daging. Melalui penangkaran eksploitasi, perburuan dapat dikontrol. Informasi morfometrik dan upaya seleksi untuk meningkatkan performan rusa Sambar telah dilakukan di UPTD Balai Pembibitan dan Inseminasi Buatan, Desa Api-api, Kab. Penajam Paser Utara, Kalimantan Timur. Sejumlah 174 data dari total populasi rusa Sambar dicatat bobot badan, panjang badan, lebar dan lingkar dada, panjang dan lebar kepala serta panjang dan lebar telinga. Berdasarkan seleksi induk dan jantan menurut bobot badan diperoleh 52 ekor induk (60%, intensitas seleksi 1,40) dan 6 ekor jantan (10%, intensitas seleksi 1,74). Diferensial seleksi pada jantan adalah 18,42 kg dan pada betina 7,73 kg, sehingga diperoleh respon seleksi dugaan rusa Sambar sebesar 7.845 kg dengan dugaan nilai h2 0,60.
Karakterisasi Morfologi Klon Kentang di Dataran Medium
Authors: Handayani Tri , Sofiari Eri , Kusmana NFN
Published: February 2017

Morphological Characterization of Potato Clones in the Medium Land Area. Potato, as a subtropical plant, requires low temperature for optimum growing, especially for tuber formation (18oC). In the tropical area, potato is commonly planted at highland area. Planting of potato at medium land area may cause change on its morphological characteristics. The aim of this trial was to determine the morphological characteristics of potato plant cultivated at medium land. The trial was conducted at Majalengka (600 m asl), on April until July 2009. Eleven clones were used as treatment that were arranged in Randomized Block Design with three replications. Observation was done on 12 morphological characters, based on DUS Testing Guide (TG) of Potato published by plant variety production office. Plant height was significantly different among clones, whereas main stem thickness and leaf size were not different among clones. Morphological characteristic of the potato plant cultivated in medium land area, i.e. leaf canopy structure, growth habit, stem anthocyanin color, leaf arrangement, secondary leaf existence, flower frequency and flower color varied among the genotypes. Meanwhile the intensity of green color of leaf was not significantly different among the tested genotypes.

 

Abstrak

Kentang sebagai tanaman subtropis menghendaki suhu rendah untuk pertumbuhan, terutama saat pembentukan umbi yang memerlukan suhu optimum 18oC. Di daerah tropis, suhu tersebut ditemukan pada lokasi dengan ketinggian lebih dari 1.000 m dpl. Penanaman kentang di dataran medium memungkinkan terjadinya perubahan karakter morfologis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui karakteristik morfologi tanaman kentang yang dibudidayakan di dataran medium. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Majalengka (600 m dpl), dari bulan April sampai Juli 2009. Perlakuan adalah 11 klon kentang dengan dua varietas pembanding Granola dan MB 17, ditanam di lapang dalam rancangan acak kelompok, tiga ulangan. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa tinggi tanaman berbeda nyata antarklon, sedangkan ketebalan batang utama dan ukuran daun tidak berbeda nyata. Berbagai karakteristik morfologi tanaman kentang di dataran medium yang meliputi struktur kanopi daun, kebiasaan tumbuh, pewarnaan antosianin batang, susunan daun, keberadaan daun sekunder, frekuensi bunga, dan warna mahkota bunga sangat beragam, bergantung pada genotipe. Intensitas warna hijau pada daun memperlihatkan keseragaman antar genotipe.
Agronomics Characteristics and Its Correlation of New Plant Type Promising Rice Lines
Authors: Lestari Angelita P. , Abdullah Buang , Junaedi Ahmad , Aswidinnoor Hajrial
Published: February 2017

Karakteristik Agronomi dan Korelasinya pada Galurgalur Harapan Padi Tipe Baru. Dalam program pemuliaan tanaman padi diperlukan pengetahuan tentang karakter dan korelasinya dengan hasil gabah. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mempelajari karakter tanaman dan korelasinya dari 35 galur harapan PTB dengan Ciherang dan Sintanur sebagai varietas pembanding, ditanam di dua lokasi, Bogor dan Pusakanagara, pada MT 2009 (MK dan MH). Rancangan yang digunakan adalah acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Bibit umur 21 hari ditanam satu bibit per lubang, jarak tanam 20 cm x 20 cm, pada petak berukuran 2 x 5 m2 per baris. Karakter tanaman bervariasi antargalur dan beberapa di antaranya berbeda nyata dengan varietas pembanding Ciherang dan Sintanur, kecuali untuk hasil gabah. B11742-RS*2-3-MR-34-1-2-1 merupakan galur dengan postur tanaman terendah, hasil gabah rendah, dan umur terpendek. Sebagian besar galur mempunyai karakter padi tipe baru (PTB). Hasil gabah berkorelasi positif dengan semua karakter, tetapi hanya berkorelasi nyata dan positif dengan tinggi tanaman, berkisar antara 91,4-120,7 cm.

 

Abstrak

In a plant breeding program, knowledge of the character and interrelationships among yield and yield contributing characters are necessary. This study was carried out to identify the plant character and its correlation between yield-correlated traits of 35 NPT rice promising lines with Ciherang and Sintanur as check varieties, planted in two locations, Bogor and Pusakanagara and two seasons (2009 dry and wet season, DS-WS). Those lines were planted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) arrangement, in three replications. The 21-days-old seedling planted one seed per hole, spacing 20 cm x 20 cm, with a plot size of 2 x 5 m2 per line. Plant characters varied and were significantly different from Ciherang and Sintanur as check varieties except for grain yield. B11742- RS*2-3-MR-34-1-2-1 was the line that had the lowest plant height, grain yield, and the shortest growth duration. Most of the lines had character as new plant type variety. Grain yield positively correlated with all characters, but only significantly and positively correlated with plant height at range from 91.4- 120.7 cm.
Kajian Heritabilitas dan Heterosis pada Persilangan antara Kacang Tunggak dengan Kacang Panjang
Authors: Ujianto Lestari , Idris NFN , Yakop Uyek M.
Published: February 2017

Study of Heritability and Heterosis on Hybridization between Cowpea and Longbean. Lestari Ujianto, Idris, and Uyek M. Yakop. The objectives of this research were to study the success rate of crossing and heritability on interspecific hybridization between several NTB local varieties of cowpea and several varieties of long bean. This research consisted of 3 stages i.e. (1) hybridization between cowpea and long bean; (2) evaluation of F1 generation; (3) backcrossing between F1 with both parents. The observed data is analyzed to estimate the degree of crossability, value of broad sense heritability, coefficient of genetic variance. The result of this research indicated that: (1) interspecific crossing between cowpea NTB local varieties and long bean have different degree of successful with range 31 to 57% as well as on back crossing degree of successful with range 35 to 61%; (2) the characteristic of pod length and plant height indicated the high broad sense heritability value, and (3) there was hybrid vigor for diameter of pods on all cross combinations with heterosis and heterobeltiosis values ranging 11.4-27.0% and10.1-18.9% respectively.

 

Abstrak

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengkaji tingkat keberhasilan persilangan, pendugaan gejala heterosis dan daya waris sifat pada persilangan antarspesies beberapa varietas kacang tunggak lokal NTB dengan beberapa varietas kacang panjang. Penelitian terdiri atas tiga tahap kegiatan, yaitu (1) persilangan kacang tunggak dan kacang panjang; (2) evaluasi hasil persilangan antara kacang tunggak dan kacang panjang; (3) silang balik antara hasil persilangan yang unggul dengan kedua tetuanya. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis untuk menduga tingkat keberhasilan persilangan, pendugaan nilai heritabilitas arti luas, dan pendugaan koefisien keragaman genetik. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) persilangan antarspesies kacang tunggak varietas lokal NTB dengan kacang panjang memiliki tingkat keberhasilan persilangan yang berbeda berkisar antara 31-57%. Demikian juga untuk silang balik tingkat keberhasilan persilangannya berkisar antara 35-61%; (2) sifat panjang polong dan tinggi tanaman menunjukkan nilai duga heritabilitas arti luas yang tinggi; (3) terdapat vigor hibrida untuk diameter polong pada semua pasangan persilangan dengan nilai heterosis berkisar antara 11,4-27,0% dan nilai heterobeltiosis 10,1-18,9%.
Adaptasi dan Stabilitas Hasil Delapan Varietas Lokal Padi Sawah
Authors: Syarif Abd. Aziz , Zen Syahrul
Published: February 2017

Adaptation and Yield Stability of Eight Local Lowland Varieties. Abd. Azis Syarif and Syahrul Zen. The availability of improved rice variety adapted to high altitude areas and suitable for consumers preference in West Sumatra is very limited. Majority of rice farmers in high altitude area in West Sumatra grow many adapted local varieties. This activity aimed at estimating yield adaptability and stability of selected local varieties as a requirement for variety release. The yield and other agronomic traits of eight local and one improved varieties (Batang Sumani) were evaluated at six locations in Solok District, using a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications at each location. Regression technique of varietal yields at each location on environmental index (mean yield of all varieties at correspondent location) was used to assess the adaptability and stability of particular varieties. The results showed that local varieties of Caredek Putih and Caredek Merah gave the highest mean yields, 5.39 and 5.18 t/ha (13.87 and 9.28% higher than that of improved check variety) respectively. These varieties were found to be stable, indicated by non significantly different of their regression coefficient from 1.0 and deviation from regression from 0.0.

 

Abstrak

Ketersediaan varietas unggul padi yang adaptif pada lahan sawah dataran tinggi dan memiliki rasa nasi yang sesuai dengan preferensi konsumen di Sumatera Barat masih sangat terbatas. Sampai saat ini, kebanyakan petani masih membudidayakan varietas-varietas lokal yang sudah beradaptasi dan disukai konsumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi dan stabilitas hasil beberapa varietas lokal padi sawah untuk pengusulan pelepasan sebagai varietas unggul. Delapan varietas lokal padi sawah hasil identifikasi dan seleksi dari beberapa lokasi di Kabupaten Solok (Sumatera Barat) dan satu varietas unggul sebagai pembanding (varietas Batang Sumani) diuji daya hasil dan sifat agronomis lainnya di enam lokasi di Kabupaten Solok. Pada setiap lokasi digunakan rancangan percobaan Acak Kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Pendugaan adaptabilitas dan stabilitas hasil menggunakan teknik regresi dimana rataan hasil setiap varietas di setiap lokasi diregresikan dengan indeks lingkungan (rataan hasil semua varietas) lokasi yang bersangkutan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa varietas local Caredek Putih dan Caredek Merah memberi rataan hasil tertinggi, yakni 5,93 dan 5,18 t/ha (13,8 dan 9,28% lebih tinggi dari varietas pembanding). Kedua varietas ini adaptabilitas umum atau beradaptasi baik pada semua lingkungan dan stabil, ditunjukkan oleh koefisien regresinya yang tidak berbeda nyata dari 1.0 dan simpangan dari regresi yang tidak bebeda nyata dari 0.
Identifikasi Pemanfaatan Hasil Hutan oleh Masyarakat: Upaya Konservasi Sumber Daya Genetik dan Sosial Budaya
Authors: Sumanto Slamet E. , Takandjandji Mariana
Published: February 2017

Utilization of Forest Products by the Society at the Time Have Been Amended Due to Changes in Tastes and Consumption Levels of Society and Increase Social Dynamics of Society. Slamet E. Sumanto and Mariana Takandjandji. This study aims to determine patterns of utilization of forest products by communities and the pattern changes and the influence on forest management. Research conducted in Timor Tengah Selatan regency of East Nusa Tenggara. Methods of data collection using direct interview techniques, field documentation and library literature. The results showed that the general public has long recognized and use forest products for housing construction, energy and wood fences, craft materials and traditional musical instruments, a dye, and the use of other (honey bees, forest products followup likes as tamarin and walnut, as well as handicrafts). Local knowledge and utilization of local plant species should be a consideration in forest management policy in the future.

 

Abstrak

Pemanfaatan hasil hutan oleh masyarakat pada saat ini telah mengalami perubahan karena perubahan selera dan tingkat konsumsi masyarakat serta peningkatan dinamika sosial masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola pemanfaatan hasil hutan oleh masyarakat dan pola perubahannya serta pengaruhnya terhadap pengelolaan hutan. Penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara langsung, dokumentasi lapang serta beberapa literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa secara umum masyarakat telah lama mengenal dan memanfaatkan hasil hutan untuk keperluan pembangunan rumah, kayu energi dan pagar, bahan kerajinan dan alat musik tradisional, bahan pewarna kain, serta pemanfaatan lainnya (lebah madu, hasil hutan ikutan asam dan kemiri, kerajinan tangan). Pengetahuan lokal dan pemanfaatan tumbuhan lokal seyogianya dapat menjadi pertimbangan kebijakan pengelolaan hutan di masa depan.
Potensi berat ubi/tanaman sumberdaya genetik ubijalar dari berbagai daerah di Indonesia pada umur panen 8 sampai dengan 10 bulan yang ditanam di Cibadak, Cianjur, Jawa Barat
Authors: Minantyorini Minantyorini , Sutoro Sutoro , Sujarno Sujarno
Published: February 2017

Sumberdaya genetik ubijalar yang telah dikoleksi dari beberapa daerah di wilayah Indonesia dan dikonservasi secara ex situ di BB Biogen, perlu dievaluasi potensinya, selain dikarakterisasi untuk pengecekan ulang secara rutin identitas aksesinya. Salah satu potensinya adalah berat ubi/tanaman. Data berat ubi/tanaman dan data komponen berat ubi diukur dari 3 tanaman/aksesi pada umur panen 8, 9, dan 10 bulan setelah tanam (bst) pada tanaman konservasi, dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis cluster dengan kemiripan 75%. Pada umur panen 8 bst, ditemukan 4 kluster dengan aksesi134, 5 aksesi diantaranya berpotensi mempunyai berat ubi tinggi. Pada 9 bst, ditemukan juga  4 kluster dengan aksesi 179 dan 48 aksesi berpotensi mempunyai berat ubi tinggi, sedangkan pada 10 bst, ditemukan 6 kluster dengan aksesi 50 dan 35 aksesi diantaranya berpotensi mempunyai berat ubi tinggi. Ada 37 aksesi yang belum berumbi pada 12 bst. Pengelompokan yang menggunakan analisis cluster dengan kemiripan 75% dimaksudkan untuk memudahkan kearah pengelolaannya, selain informasi potensinya. Sebagai ilustrasi, bila ingin melakukan evaluasi terhadap cekaman biotik atau abiotik atau sifat lainnya seperti berat ubi/tanaman, maka aksesi yang diuji tidak perlu dari seluruh koleksi yang ada, tetapi hanya memilih sampel dari tiap kelompok.
Keragaman Karakter Morfo-Agronomis Sumber Daya Genetik Kacang Tunggak (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.) Koleksi Bank Gen BB Biogen
Authors: Setyowati Mamik , Kurniawan Hakim
Published: February 2017

Kacang-kacangan potensial seperti kacang tunggak (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.) merupakan sumber daya genetik (SDG) tanaman yang penting. Tanaman kacang tunggak memiliki sifat relatif  lebih tahan kering dibandingkan dengan kacang-kacangan yang lain. Karakterisasi SDG kacang tunggak telah dilakukan pada sebanyak 107 aksesi koleksi BB-Biogen. Karakterisasi dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui aksesi-aksesi yang memiliki karakter baik yang dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber gen untuk merakit varietas unggul. Diketahui bahwa aksesi SDG kacang tunggak yang cepat dipanen yaitu aksesi KT-81, Kacang Tunggak 16, TVX-4667-010 dan TVX-2939-09D pada umur 59 hari. Jumlah gerombol polong tiap tanaman terbanyak dihasilkan oleh aksesi Kacang Dadap 125 dan Kacang Tunggak Hitam 24 sebanyak 8 klaster/tanaman. Ukuran butir terbesar dimiliki oleh aksesi Kacang Tunggak Hitam 13 (16,9 gram/100 butir) dan hasil biji tertinggi dihasilkan oleh aksesi Wajak 132 (104,9 gram/50 tanaman). Keragaman fenotipik koleksi SDG kacang tunggak relatif sempit, sehingga perlu dilakukan peningkatan keragaman SDG kacang tunggak baik melalui introduksi dan koleksi maupun persilangan
Hipotesis Ekspektasi Rasional dan Implikasinya Terhadap Analisis Kebijaksanaan
Authors: Rasahan Chairil A.
Published: February 2017

Abstrak

Pokok pembahasan tulisan ini adalah masalah konsepsualisasi perilaku seseorang berdasarkan atas data deret-waktu, dan menggunakan hasil pengamatan tersebut untuk mengetahui apakah perilaku tersebut akan berubah bila keadaan ekonomi yang dihadapinya berubah secara sistematis. Hasil yang didapatkan memberi .petunjuk bahwa model dinamik ekspektasi rasionallinier yang diturunkan berdasarkan suatu masalah optimisasi ternyata sangat sensitif terhadap keadaan ekonomi yang dihadapi oleh seorang pembuat keputusan. Hasil ini merupakan dasar kritik yang dilontarkan oleh penganut faham hipotesis ekspektasi rasional terhadap model ekonometrik persamaan struktural konvensional. Hasil yang diperoleh menggaris bawahi bahwa aturan fungsi tersebut berkorelasi dengan besaran nilai peubah-peubah yang relevan dimasa yang akan datang meskipun peubah tersebut tidak bisa dikuasai oleh pelaku ekonomi. Ilustrasi sederhana dan implikasinya terhadap analisis kebijaksanaan telah diterapkan pertanian dengan menggunakan data hipotetis. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa kesalahan dalam mengakomodasikan respon pelaku ekonomi terhadap perubahan keadaan ekonomi yang terjadi bisa menyebabkan bias yang cukup besar terhadap estimasi struktur parameter. Bias ini dapat menyesatkan apabila dijadikan indikator-ekonomi dalam suatu perencanaan pembangunan pertanian.
 
Rice Farmer's Risk Attitude: An Analysis of Production Risk in Jawa Barat
Authors: Hutabarat Budiman
Published: February 2017

Abstrak

Makalah ini merupakan, pertama, suatu pendekatan untuk menyelidiki sikap petani terhadap resiko (risk) di Indonesia. Resiko ini secara eksplisit direfleksikan dalam keragaman produksi yang dihasilkan oleh petani. Kedua, tulisan ini mencoba mengevaluasi dampak penggunaan masukan ter­ hadap resiko produksi. Petani-petani contoh dipilih dari enam desa di Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Cimanuk, Jawa Barat. Analisis ini menunjukkan bahwa petani bersifat penghindar resiko (risk-averter) dalam penggunaan pupuk nitrogen dan tenaga kerja man usia. Selanjutnya diperlihatkan bahwa agaknya faktor produksi benih, pupuk nitrogen dan fosfat, serta luas areal berlaku sebagai masukan yang bersifat pembangkit resiko (risk-inducing), sedangkan masukan tenaga kerja (manusia dan ternak) bersifat pengurang resiko (risk-reducing) sebagaimana terlihat pada data musim hujan.
Effects of Some Selected Variables on Rice-Farmers Technical Efficiency
Authors: Siregar Masdjidin
Published: February 2017

Abstrak

Analisa fungsi produksi frontier terhadap data yang diperoleh dari 63 petani padi di dua desa dataran rendah pantai utara Jawa Barat menunjukkan bahwa variasi efisiensi teknis produksi padi sangat besar. Dengan keterbatasan data yang tersedia, determinan efisiensinya juga ditelaah dalam tulisan ini. Curahan jam kerja di luar usahatani, baik di dalam maupun di luar sektor pertanian, serta umur petani ternyata tidak berpengaruh negatif terhadap efisiensi teknis sedangkan keikutsertaan petani dalam program intensifikasi berpengaruh sangat positif terhadap efisiensi itu. Determinan yang lain masih perlu diteliti lebih lanjut.
Du vinyle à YouTube : les habitudes de consommation et de recherche de musique des jeunes adultes québécois
Authors: Legault-Venne Ariane , Laplante Audrey , Leblanc-Proulx Sébastien , Forest Dominic
Published: February 2017

Il existe peu d’études récentes sur les habitudes de consommation et le comportement dans la recherche d’information musicale au Québec et au Canada. Pourtant, les études réalisées sur le sujet dans d’autres pays suggèrent que l’évolution rapide des technologies a entraîné des changements importants dans les habitudes et comportements des amateurs de musique. Il est essentiel d’avoir une bonne connaissance de ces pratiques pour concevoir des systèmes de repérage et d’exploration de la musique qui répondent aux besoins réels de leurs utilisateurs. Cet article présente les résultats d’une enquête menée auprès de 278 personnes âgées de 18 à 35 ans habitant au Québec. Les objectifs de l’enquête étaient de mieux connaître les habitudes d’achat et d’écoute de musique des jeunes adultes québécois ainsi que la façon dont ils s’y prennent pour découvrir de nouveaux artistes et de nouvelles musiques. Les résultats révèlent que les services d’écoute de musique en continu et les sites de partage de vidéos étaient utilisés par 78% des répondants. Malgré la popularité croissante de ces services, les jeunes québécois n’ont pas totalement délaissé certaines pratiques plus traditionnelles. Ils continuent de valoriser les recommandations musicales de leurs proches, d’écouter de la musique sur CD et d’acheter des fichiers musicaux, même si ces pratiques sont de moins en moins fréquentes.

Very few recent studies have focused on Quebeckers’ and Canadians’ consumption and information-seeking behaviour of music for leisure. However, studies conducted in other countries suggest that the rapid evolution of technologies has resulted in important changes in practices. It is essential to gain a better knowledge of these new practices to design music information retrieval and exploration systems that meet the real needs of users. This article presents the results of a survey of 278 younger adults aged 18 to 35 living in Quebec. The objective of the survey was to increase knowledge of the music listening and purchasing behaviour of young music lovers, and to better understand how they discover new artists and new music. Results reveal that music streaming services and video-sharing websites were used by 78% of respondents. Despite the increasing popularity of these services, young Quebeckers have not entirely abandoned past practices. They still value music recommendations from friends,colleagues or relatives, listen to CDs, and purchase music files, even though these practices are becoming less frequent.
Destabilization And Treatment of Produced Water-Oil Emulsions Using Anionic Polyacrylamide
Authors: Ma He , Abdullah S. Sultan , Shawabkeh Reyad , Mustafa S. Nasser
Published: February 2017

Surfactant and polymer flooding technology can greatly enhance the oil recovery through the expansion of sweeping and displacing efficiency. The recovered oil from surfactant and polymer flooding emulsifies the residual chemical, which makes the separation of water from oil quite difficult, yet the impact of the enhanced oil recovery (EOR) chemicals on the produced water cycle is generally neglected in chemically-based EOR studies. This includes compatibility of EOR chemicals with the additives used to pre-treat the injected water or change reservoir wettability and result in producing oil/water emulsion after EOR breakthrough.

The largest waste produced in oil and gas industries is believed to be the produced water, as it contains different sort of organic and inorganic admixture. There are a number of treatment methods available for produced water. To separate water from oil in a much efficient manner and to reach the emission standard, a new class of water soluble polymer of polyacrylamides (PAMs) was used as destabilizing agents for water-oil emulsions, which have been stabilized by surfactant (Tallowamine Acetate).

The impact of the surface charge form, the density of polyacrylamides in turbidity -reduction, zeta potential, COD, FTIR, viscosity and volume of separated water were explored in this study. Different anionic polyacrylamide of different surface charge density were evaluated. Different anionic polyacrylamides were utilized, and at optimum dosage, anionic AN 934 PAM at its optimum concentration was proved as the best way to reduce the residual turbidity compared with other PAMs mentioned in this research. The effect of the different salinity (salt content: 200,000 ppm brine and 57,000 gulf seawater) of produced water will be evaluated using different PAM with different charge density as optimization. The results showed that the W/O emulsion stability related with its salinity, while the optimum concentration of demulsifier are same at both high and low salinity.
Enhanced Reservoir Characterization using High-Resolution Seismic Attributes
Authors: Al-Dossary Saleh
Published: February 2017

Seismic data typically includes useful structural and reservoir property information mixed with useless random noise. The accurate identification of geological structures (faults, fractures, and channels) and rock properties is required to develop accurate reservoir models, so enhancing the geological information while reducing random noise is desirable. Seismicattributes can also be used to enhance the delineation of subtle structural features which may not be readily visible in seismic amplitude images. Unfortunately, random noise hampersthedelineation and analysis of these smaller features and results in lower resolution seismic attributes.

To aid in producing high quality seismic attributes, I introduce a new adaptive quality enhancing filter. This filter adapts to local noise levels by incorporating noise estimation in the filter design. Smaller filters are created in areas of low noise to preserve fine lineaments such as fractures. Conversely, larger filter sizes are used in higher noise areas to remove noise more aggressively, thereby providing good noise reduction in high noise areas while simultaneously preserving detailed geologic structure in low noise areas. This process improves seismic reflection continuity and maximizes spatial resolution for subsequent processing and interpretation.

In this paper we show the result of calculating coherence and volumetric estimates of seismic reflector curvature after applying the new adaptive noise filter to three-dimensional (3-D) seismic datasets containing both structural and stratigraphic features. The results demonstrate the benefits of this approach in exploration and production settings for reservoir characterization and delineation.
Deciphering Well Performance of Hydraulically Fractured Tight Gas Wells Through Work-Flow Based Study
Authors: Waheed Arshad , Irvana Sonny , Habbar Ali , Noer Abdoerrias M.
Published: February 2017

A common horizontal well completion design, in recent times, in tight gas reservoirs includes the ability to place multiple hydraulic fractures along the length of the wellbore. This practice provides a better drainage pattern and the required flow capacities for the gas to flow making tight gas reservoirs economically viable producers. This is the customary completion practice for clastic rock development, which has shown good results. However, in many cases especially when stepping out in regions beyond the established boundaries, completion design by itself is not sufficient to ensure desired production.

The standard protocol to get the best chance of placing the horizontal section in good quality reservoir is to first perform petrophysical evaluation of the preferred pay interval, drill a pilot hole through the potential reservoir section and then place the lateral section in the zone of interest. The pilot hole provides a control point and helps reduce uncertainties in drilling laterally through the target pay zone.This typical completion procedure however does not guarantee identical production even in offset wells. In a conceptual case where two offset wells(A & B) with similar pilot hole petrophysical attributes drilled horizontally in the same maximum horizontal stress direction but in diagonally opposite azimuths produce at widely differing rates. Uncertainties in far-field geology, areal limits, pore pressure distribution, rock property distribution, etc.are well known challenges that can contribute to making well delivery predictions difficult.

To help in such situations and better understand the differences in well behavior a detailed workflow based study that includes reservoir characterization, well placement, stimulation design and production history matching is required. The objective of such a study would be to address questions regarding reservoir quality and identifiable "sweet spots," the absence of which could result in poor well performance.

The workflow study discussed here is a review of well accepted practices with the objective of highlighting challenges and providing insights into the best and most effective ways to develop complex and highly heterogeneous plays. The workflow loop (Figure 1) is an iterative study process where well performance puts the final seal of approval on the pre-job modeling and executionplanin the well delivery process. In cases where the wells fall below expectations the iterative loop would look for additional information to refine the earlier assumptions. This study considers examples where palynology helped improve geological understanding and played a critical role. The workflow sequence is mapped in this paper.
The First Implementation of Hydraulic Fracturing With Microseismic Fracture Propagation Monitoring in Northeast Thailand
Authors: Wattanasuwankorn Reawat , Kritsanamontri Panyawadee , Limniyakul Vorasak , Sompopsart Suwin , Toempromraj Wararit , Kaenmee Kwanjai , Sa-nguanphon Saksit , Prasittisarn Puchong IntasaloYotsak , Sirisawadwattana Jutaratt , Vattanapornpirom Kanda , Boonyasaknanon Phathompat , Kongdachudomkul Chatchai
Published: February 2017

Low-permeability sandstone formations in deviated exploration wells were drilled and completed in 2013 in northeast Thailand. Reservoir simulation modeling indicated that a well would not produce as a result of the tight formation. Hydraulic fracturing was then considered, and a plan was adopted to use this method to improve the well's production using reservoir simulations. Microseismic fracture monitoring was implemented to correlate data with actual fracture propagation to understand the formation's geomechanics.

The fracture design methods were combined with completion and cleanout strategies to help improve well performance. The fracturing design was incorporated into a complete operational procedure, along with contingency plans, a decision tree, and an integrated communication plan, to allow for possible contingencies. Careful planning, fluid testing, and a fit-for-purpose completion design resulted in a successful hydraulic fracturing operation. The microseismic equipment was installed and monitored during the fracturing operation to provide actual fracturing propagation noise signals.

This paper presents the well fracturing technology, operational procedures, and microseismic technology used to better understand reservoir behavior and geomechanics characteristics. The geophone installation and surrounding control on location provided minimum noise interference for more accurate actual fracture propagation data. The computer program then forecasted fracture propagation. Comparisons between actual fracture propagation and the simulated fracture design allowed the operator to better understand subsurface parameters and characteristics for building the reservoir database. The operator was also able to forecast fracturing dimensions to help prevent water production zones. This significant reservoir information can be used for field development to maximize hydrocarbon production.

Fracturing technology and seismic technology were combined to improve the probability of successful hydrocarbon production. Microseismic results demonstrated the actual fracturing plane dimensions and dynamic fracture propagation, and the fracturing computer program provided fracture simulation dimensions and direction. Combining these technologies allowed the operator to obtain more reservoir data for future field development.
Precise Wet Gas Measurement Using Venturi Meters
Authors: Arsalan Muhammad , Al-Shammari Ahmad T. , Al-Kuait Abdulmohsen S. , Noui-Mehidi Mohamed Nabil
Published: February 2017

This paper presents the methodology of correcting the erroneous reading of the venturi meters for measuring the gas rate when high amounts of liquids, including condensate and water, are being produced from the gas wells. The proposed system takes advantage of existing infrastructure in proximity of the venturi meters and is designed to be retrofitted to the existing meters to knock out the liquid before the meter and recombines it after. This method eliminates the need for an additional flow line to carry out the liquid or a compressor to reinject the separated liquid back into the pressurized gas line.
Close Monitoring of Gel Based Conformance Control by NMR Techniques
Authors: Kwak Hyung Tae , Wang Jinxun , AlSofi Abdulkarim M.
Published: February 2017

Carbonate's extreme heterogeneity in the form of fracture corridors and super-permeability thief zones challenges the efficient sweep of oil in both secondary and tertiary recovery operations. In such reservoirs, conformance control is crucial to ensure injected water and any EOR chemicals optimally contact the remaining oil with minimal throughput. Gel-based conformance control has been successfully applied on both sandstone and carbonate reservoirs. However, in-depth conformance control in high temperature reservoirs is still a challenge, due to severe gel syneresis (expulsion of a liquid from a gel) and the associated significant reduction in gelation time.

Recently, we have demonstrated the potential of a selected gel formulation and its favorable impact on sweep efficiency for both water and chemical flooding applications in high temperature and high salinity carbonates (Wang, 2016). In the current work, the performance of polyacrylamide/chromium gel injection followed by water flooding for Arab-D carbonate reservoir rock was closely monitored by 1D T2, spatial NMR T2 mapping and 2D NMR techniques. The NMR measurements before and after waterflooding with and without pre-injection of gel provided the detailed description of spatial oil recovery along the rock core sample under reservoir condition. By comparing the spatial T2 distributions from the experiment with waterflooding and gel injection followed by waterflooding for the core sample with artificial wormhole drilled in the center, which mimics the fluid thief zone, the efficiency of the conformance control by gel was measured. The incremental oil recovery factor of ~14% OOIC after gel injection followed by waterflooding was observed throughout the whole sample with highest recovery in the vicinity of where the wormhole begins near fluid injection inlet. In addition, by analyzing the alteration of spatial NMR T2 and T2-D distribution, the accurate flow paths of the injected water and gel were derived from NMR data.

The results of the current study increase the understanding of how gel could helps to increase sweep efficiency of waterflooding and other IOR/EOR applications in the presence of unwanted highly permeable channels in the reservoir rocks.