bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seasonal variations in physico-chemical parameters of Buleji and Paradise Point rocky shores at Karachi coast
Authors: Shaheen Zafar Fatima Hayat , Ayub Zarrien , Karim Aasia , Zahid Mohammad , Bat Levent
Published: August 2018

The aim of the current study
was to determine common physico-chemical parameters (salinity, temperature,
chlorophyll-a, dissolved oxygen, and
pH) of coastal water of two rocky shores from Buleiji and Paradise Point rocky
shores at Karachi monthly basis, from November 2007 to April 2009. The range of
air and surface water temperature of Buleji varies from 19 ºC to 30 ºC and 21ºC
to 29 ºC, respectively. Almost similar air temperature and seawater temperature
(19º to 29º C) were recorded at Paradise Point. Salinity ranged from 35 to 39 ‰
at Buleji while it ranged between 35 to 40 ‰ at Paradise Point. The lowest
concentrations of dissolved oxygen was recorded in November’07 and November’08
at both sites, at Buleiji which were 1.6 mg/L and 1.7 mg/L while at Paradise
Point it was 1.8 mg/L and 1.7 mg/L, respectively. The pH value ranged from 7.0
to 8.3 at Buleji and from 7.5 to 8.4 at Paradise Point. The concentrations of
chlorophyll-a were between 1.2 and 3.7
µg cm-2 at Buleji while it ranged from 0.9 to 3.3 µg cm-2 at Paradise Point.
Results showed that the obtained values of temperatures, salinity, pH and   chlorophyll-a are favorable for the continued
survival of marine biota but the values of dissolved oxygen were found to be
below 4 mg/L which are not suitable for various species. Prolonged periods of
minimal dissolved oxygen directly upset larval stages of numerous marine
organisms. In Karachi coastal areas, seasonal accessibility of surface water is
very responsive to the monsoon climate and physiography of coastal belt. These
concerns were used to inform the common people and decision-makers about the
state of the coastal environments. To protect these dynamic significant
habitats, the government organizations and researchers should work with
appropriate consideration.
Impact Analysis of Sanitary Landfill Based Odour In Istanbul Using GIS
Authors: Korkutan Merve , Doğru Ahmet Özgür , Goksel Cigdem
Published: August 2018

The environmental problems
caused by accelerated urbanization in recent years have reached vital limits.
As the population increases in the cities, the problem of waste disposal and
storage arises. The incorrect selection of sanitary landfill sites affects
human and other living creatures because of the malodour sprawling from these
sites. Such problems in particularly appears in metropoles as Istanbul. The
main objective of this study is to analyse potential impact of the malodour
emitted by the second degree of sanitary landfills, Odayeri and Kömürcüoda
located in Istanbul. In this context, the population and land use/land cover
(LU/LC) characteristics lands were estimated with in a multiple ring buffer
located around the landfill areas using Open Source GIS Technology. As a
conclusion the neighbourhoods affected by two sanitary landfills in different
buffer zones examined by comparing the population and different LU/LC classes
in those areas. This study resulted that in case of a potential malodour emitted
from landfill areas, the most affected neighbourhood is Göktürk Merkez for
Odayeri, while Avcıkoru is for Kömürcüoda. Total population and the
characteristics of the affected lands were determined and explained in detail
within the context of the study.
Performance of the Persulfate/UV-C Process for the Treatment of Dimethyl Phthalate from Aquatic Environments
Authors: Olmez-hanci Tugba , Arslan-alaton İdil , Imren Ceren
Published: August 2018

Phthalate
esters (PAEs) are used as plasticizers to impart flexibility and resilience to
plastic products. In recent years, PAEs are a controversial issue because many
phthalates are suspected to be mutagens, hepatotoxic agents and endocrine
disruptors, and can lead to adverse effects on organisms even in a low
concentration. Recently, sulfate (SO4·-) radical based advanced
oxidation processes have attracted great scientific interest due to their high
efficiency in the degradation and mineralization of recalcitrant and/or toxic
organic pollutants. In the present study aqueous dimethyl phthalate (DMP; 100 mg L-1), being selected as a
model PAE, was treated by the persulfate (PS)/UV-C process at pH 3 and varying
PS concentrations (0-60 mM). DMP and TOC abatements increased with increasing
PS concentrations from 5 to 40 mM. Further increase in the initial PS
concentration, however, reduced both the rate and extent of DMP and TOC
removals. The highest pseudo-first-order abatement rate coefficient and
electrical energy per order (EE/O) values obtained for DMP treatment with
PS/UV-C oxidation were found as 0.4493 min-1 and 1.79 kWh m-3
order-1, respectively, for PS = 30 mM, pH = 3, DMP = 100 mg L-1. The second-order
reaction rate coefficient for DMP with SO4·- was determined as 1.47×109 M-1s-1
by the application of competition kinetics using phenol as the probe
compound. Within the scope of the present study, aqueous DMP was also subjected
to peroxymonosulfate (PMS)/UV-C and hydrogen peroxide (HP)/UV-C treatments. The
performance of PS/UV-C treatment was found to be higher than that of PMS/UV-C
and HP/UV-C treatments both in terms of DMP and TOC abatement rates at an
initial oxidant concentration of 5 mM.
Comparison of Object and Pixel-Based Classifications For Mapping Crops Using Rapideye Imagery: A Case Study Of Menemen Plain, Turkey
Authors: Esetlili M. Tolga , Bektas Balcik Filiz , Balik Sanli Fusun , Kalkan Kaan , Ustuner Mustafa , Goksel Cigdem , Gazioğlu Cem , Kurucu Yusuf
Published: August 2018

With the latest
development and increasing availability of high spatial resolution sensors,
earth observation technology offers a viable solution for crop identification
and management. There is a strong need to produce accurate, reliable and up to
date crop type maps for sustainable agriculture monitoring and management. In
this study, RapidEye, the first high-resolution multi-spectral satellite system
that operationally provides a Red-edge channel, was used to test the potential
of the data for crop type mapping. This study was investigated at a selected
region mostly covered with agricultural fields locates in the low lands of
Menemen (İzmir) Plain, TURKEY. The potential of the three classification
algorithms such as Maximum Likelihood Classification, Support Vector Machine
and Object Based Image Analysis is
tested. Accuracy assessment of land cover maps has been performed
through error matrix and kappa indexes. The results highlighted that all
selected classifiers as highly useful (over 90%) in mapping of crop types in
the study region however the object-based approach slightly outperforming the
Support Vector Machine classification by both overall accuracy and Kappa
statistics. The success of selected methods also underlines the potential of
RapidEye data for mapping crop types in Aegean region.
Patrilocal, Matrilocal or Neolocal? Intergenerational Proximity of Married Couples in China
Authors: Gruijters Rob J. , Ermisch John
Published: August 2018

Objective: The study describes current patterns of intergenerational proximity inChina, and analyzes the structural conditions that are associated with couples' proximity to the husband's and the wife's parents.Background: Patrilocality is a core aspect of the traditional Chinese kinship system,and is deeply rooted in Confucian beliefs. In recent decades, however, this custom has been challenged by internal migration as well changes in family values and preferences.Method: We model the effect of each spouse's household registration (hukou) origin, education level, and sibling structure on intergenerational proximity, using a nationally representative sample of 4,256 couples derived from the 2010 China Family Panel Studies.Results: Almost 75% of married Chinese couples live with or in close proximity tothe husband's parents. There is, however, a strong social gradient in intergenerational proximity, and patrilocality is particularly pronounced among rural-origin and less educated couples. Matrilocal residence remains unusual, although it is more likely when the wife has no brothers.Conclusion: The custom of patrilocal residence demonstrates a remarkable resilience, even as other patriarchal traditions have crumbled in the face of China's 'Great Transformation'.Implications: We provide explanations for the persistence of patrilocality and discuss implications for intergenerational support, gender inequality and son preference.
Diversity and Distribution of Avifauna at the Tropical Montane Cloud Forests of Horton Plains National Park
Authors: Chandrasiri P.H.S.P , Dharmarathne W.D.S.C. , Mahaulpatha W.A.D
Published: August 2018

Diversity and distribution of avifauna was studied at the tropical montane cloud forests of Horton Plains National Park, situated in the highland plateau of the Nuwara Eliya district from September 2015 to May 2016. Three main habitats were identified; cloud forest habitat, cloud forest die-back habitat and grassland habitat. Nine, 300 m line transects were marked in each of the habitats. Avifauna was recorded on three consecutive days of each month while travelling along these transects. Seventy eight species of birds were recorded during the study period. This included 66 resident species (with 13 endemic species) and 12 migratory species. The maximum value of the Shannon Wiener Index H' of 2.56 was recorded from the cloud forest habitat. In the cloud forest die-back habitat the H' was 2.49 and in the grassland habitat the H' was 2.31.The Jaccard similarity index, between cloud forest and cloud forest die-back was 0.58, and these two habitats had more common species. Cloud forest is the major habitat to be protected, with other habitats, in HPNP. Hence management of the HPNP should plan more actions to improve long term monitoring plans to warrant the protection of threatened species.Keywords: bird diversity and distribution, endemic birds, Horton Plains, tropical montane cloud forest
Filtro de partículas aplicado à localização de robôs móveis no domínio da Robocup Humanoide
Authors:   , Almeida A. C.
Published: August 2018

In order to enable humanoid robots to play soccer competitively and autonomously, the robot needs to know its own position on the field, this information is important for strategy development. Informations regarding the movement of the robot and the observation made by the robot can be used to estimate its position on the domain. However, this is not a trivial task. The movements executed by the robots are inaccurate, and there are problems that can not be modeled which emerges from the physical problems of the robot. There is noise in the observations of the robot, which prevents the acquisition of precise informations regarding distance and direction, caused by the swing needed to keep the movement of the robot. Academic works about autonomous robot localization can be found for various domains, but there are a small quantity of works about the restricted domain of this work. Furthermore, the works presenting algorithms and results for this domain are not reproducible, because of the differences in hardware and software of the robots used. Thus, this work implements a localization system, based on Monte-Carlo Localization, in order to enable autonomous humanoid robots to estimate their position on the domain. The implemented system presents a method which estimates the movement of the robot over time, and methods to compute how much a particle represents the real position of the robot, besides a method to recover from position estimation errors, a method to adapt the quantity of particles in order to represent the probability distribution and a method to estimate which observation should give the best information in a near future. Experiments in simulated and real environments were performed which validates the implemented methods, and the results show that the proposed methods can effectively solve the localization problem. Finally, future works includes verifying the operation of the system in game, besides the expansion of the system to a generic domain, in order to observe the implemented methods and compare then with state of the art methods
PENGARUH CELEBRITY ENDORSE ZAKAT TERHADAP MOTIVASI BERZAKAT DI YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Subiyanto Subur
Published: August 2018

Indonesia as a predominantly Muslim country has tremendous zaqah potential. Every year, the acquisition of zaqah in Indonesia increases drastically. Of course many things have been done by zaqah institutions to attract muzakki in paying zaqah, such as advertising by using public figures. This study aims to determine the effect of zaqah endorse celebrity on the motivation of tithe. The authors conducted the research by quantitative approach. The sampling technique was by judgment sampling method. The sample in this study was the muzakki who ever tithe at Dompet Dhuafa in Yogyakarta. Simple linear regression with SPSS program was used in data processing. Based on the results of data analysis, it is concluded that the Celebrity Endorse variable has a positive and significant effect on the motivation of tithe. It can be seen from the value of T-test of 2.648 with sig. t of 0.009 (p <0.05).

Keyword: Zaqah, Celebrity Endorse, Zaqah Motivation
Imaging alone versus microelectrode recording–guided targeting of the STN in patients with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Lozano Christopher S. , Ranjan Manish , Boutet Alexandre , Xu David S. , Kucharczyk Walter , Fasano Alfonso , Lozano Andres M.
Published: August 2018

OBJECTIVE

The clinical results of deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) are highly dependent on accurate targeting and target implantation. Several targeting tactics are in current use, including image-only and/or electrophysiologically guided approaches using microelectrode recordings (MERs). The purpose of the present study was to make an appraisal of imaging only–based versus imaging with the addition of intraoperative MER-guided STN electrode targeting.

METHODS

The authors evaluated 100 consecutive patients undergoing STN DBS. The position of the STN target was estimated from preoperative MR images (direct target) or in relation to the position of the anterior and posterior commissures (indirect target). MERs were obtained for each trajectory. The authors tracked which targets were adjusted intraoperatively as a consequence of MER data. The final placement of 182 total STN electrodes was validated by intraoperative macrostimulation through the implanted DBS electrodes. The authors compared the image-based direct, indirect, MER-guided target adjustments and the final coordinates of the electrodes as seen on postoperative MRI.

RESULTS

In approximately 80% of the trajectories, there was a good correspondence between the imaging-based and the MER-guided localization of the STN target. In approximately 20% of image-based targeting trajectories, however, the electrophysiological data revealed that the trajectory was suboptimal, missing the important anatomical structures to a significant extent. The greatest mismatch was in the superior-inferior axis, but this had little impact because it could be corrected without changing trajectories. Of more concern were mismatches of 2 mm or more in the mediolateral (x) or anteroposterior (y) planes, discrepancies that necessitated a new targeting trajectory to correct for the mis-targeting. The incidence of mis-targetting requiring a second MER trajectory on the first and second sides was similar (18% and 22%).

CONCLUSIONS

According to the present analysis, approximately 80% of electrodes were appropriately targeted using imaging alone. In the other 20%, imaging alone led to suboptimal targeting that could be corrected by a trajectory course correction guided by the acquired MER data. The authors’ results suggest that preoperative imaging is insufficient to obtain optimal results in all patients undergoing STN DBS.
Development of a performance model for virtual reality tumor resections
Authors: Sawaya Robin , Alsideiri Ghusn , Bugdadi Abdulgadir , Winkler-Schwartz Alexander , Azarnoush Hamed , Bajunaid Khalid , Sabbagh Abdulrahman J. , Del Maestro Rolando
Published: August 2018

OBJECTIVE

Previous work from the authors has shown that hand ergonomics plays an important role in surgical psychomotor performance during virtual reality brain tumor resections. In the current study they propose a hypothetical model that integrates the human and task factors at play during simulated brain tumor resections to better understand the hand ergonomics needed for optimal safety and efficiency. They hypothesize that 1) experts (neurosurgeons), compared to novices (residents and medical students), spend a greater proportion of their time in direct contact with critical tumor areas; 2) hand ergonomic conditions (most favorable to unfavorable) prompt participants to adapt in order to optimize tumor resection; and 3) hand ergonomic adaptation is acquired with increasing expertise.

METHODS

In an earlier study, experts (neurosurgeons) and novices (residents and medical students) were instructed to resect simulated brain tumors on the NeuroVR (formerly NeuroTouch) virtual reality neurosurgical simulation platform. For the present study, the simulated tumors were divided into four quadrants (Q1 to Q4) to assess hand ergonomics at various levels of difficulty. The spatial distribution of time expended, force applied, and tumor volume removed was analyzed for each participant group (total of 22 participants).

RESULTS

Neurosurgeons spent a significantly greater percentage of their time in direct contact with critical tumor areas. Under the favorable hand ergonomic conditions of Q1 and Q3, neurosurgeons and senior residents spent significantly more time in Q1 than in Q3. Although forces applied in these quadrants were similar, neurosurgeons, having spent more time in Q1, removed significantly more tumor in Q1 than in Q3. In a comparison of the most favorable (Q2) to unfavorable (Q4) hand ergonomic conditions, neurosurgeons adapted the forces applied in each quadrant to resect similar tumor volumes. Differences between Q2 and Q4 were emphasized in measures of force applied per second, tumor volume removed per second, and tumor volume removed per unit of force applied. In contrast, the hand ergonomics of medical students did not vary across quadrants, indicating the existence of an “adaptive capacity” in neurosurgeons.

CONCLUSIONS

The study results confirm the experts’ (neurosurgeons) greater capacity to adapt their hand ergonomics during simulated neurosurgical tasks. The proposed hypothetical model integrates the study findings with various human and task factors that highlight the importance of learning in the acquisition of hand ergonomic adaptation.
Quantitative analysis of the surgical exposure and surgical freedom between transcranial and transorbital endoscopic anterior petrosectomies to the posterior fossa
Authors: Noiphithak Raywat , Yanez-Siller Juan C. , Revuelta Barbero Juan Manuel , Otto Bradley A. , Carrau Ricardo L. , Prevedello Daniel M.
Published: August 2018

OBJECT

This study proposes a variation of the transorbital endoscopic approach (TOEA) that uses the lateral orbit as the primary surgical corridor, in a minimally invasive fashion, for the posterior fossa (PF) access. The versatility of this technique was quantitatively analyzed in comparison with the anterior transpetrosal approach (ATPA), which is commonly used for managing lesions in the PF.

METHODS

Anatomical dissections were carried out in 5 latex-injected human cadaveric heads (10 sides). During dissection, the PF was first accessed by TOEAs through the anterior petrosectomy, both with and without lateral orbital rim osteotomies (herein referred as the lateral transorbital approach [LTOA] and the lateral orbital wall approach [LOWA], respectively). ATPAs were performed following the orbital approaches. The stereotactic measurements of the area of exposure, surgical freedom, and angles of attack to 5 anatomical targets were obtained for statistical comparison by the neuronavigator.

RESULTS

The LTOA provided the smallest area of exposure (1.51 ± 0.5 cm2, p = 0.07), while areas of exposure were similar between LOWA and ATPA (1.99 ± 0.7 cm2 and 2.01 ± 1.0 cm2, respectively; p = 0.99). ATPA had the largest surgical freedom, whereas that of LTOA was the most restricted. Similarly, for all targets, the vertical and horizontal angles of attack achieved with ATPA were significantly broader than those achieved with LTOA. However, in LOWA, the removal of the lateral orbital rim allowed a broader range of movement in the horizontal plane, thus granting a similar horizontal angle for 3 of the 5 targets in comparison with ATPA.

CONCLUSIONS

The TOEAs using the lateral orbital corridor for PF access are feasible techniques that may provide a comparable surgical exposure to the ATPA. Furthermore, the removal of the orbital rim showed an additional benefit in an enhancement of the surgical maneuverability in the PF.
Rete middle cerebral artery anomalies: a unifying name, case series, and literature review
Authors: Cho Kwang-Chun , Kim Jung-Jae , Jang Chang-Ki , Hong Chang-Ki , Joo Jin-Yang , Kim Yong Bae
Published: August 2018

OBJECTIVE

Rete middle cerebral artery (MCA) is extremely rare and has not been frequently discussed. Rete MCA is a weblike anomaly of the MCA that does not coalesce and forms a prominent, large single branch from the plexiform vessels in the fetal stage. The purpose of this study was to further elucidate the clinical and radiological characteristics of patients with rete MCA.

METHODS

A total of 2262 cerebral digital subtraction angiography procedures were performed on 1937 patients at the authors’ institution from February 2013 to May 2017. Data analysis included age, sex, clinical symptoms, underlying diseases, coexisting cerebral arterial anomalies, and operative methods and findings.

RESULTS

Rete MCAs were found in 13 patients, and the incidence of this anomaly was 0.67% (13 of 1937) in this study. Of the 13 patients, 3 had hemorrhagic strokes, 6 had ischemic strokes, and 4 had no symptoms. Eight patients underwent conservative treatment, and 5 patients underwent surgical treatment. Rete MCA is considered a congenital disease of the cerebral vasculature with the possibility of an acquired abnormality, such as an aneurysm, caused by hemodynamic stress. Although an epidemiological survey of rete MCA was not conducted, it is assumed that rete MCA has a high prevalence in Asia. Ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke events are fairly common in rete MCA.

CONCLUSIONS

Clinicians should understand the radiological and clinical features of patients with rete MCA to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary treatment. This anomaly should be differentiated from other vascular diseases and patients presenting incidentally should be carefully monitored because of their vulnerability to both hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes.
EVALUASI INSTALASI PLUMBING AIR BERSIH RUMAH TIPE 42 MENGGUNAKAN PIPE FLOW EXPERT BERDASARKAN SNI 03-7065-2005 DAN BS 6700
Authors: Mahardhika Pekik
Published: August 2018

Sistem plumbing adalah sistem perpipaan yang berhubungan dengan perancangan dan instalasi penyaluran air dalam suatu bangunan rumah, gedung, dan lain-lain. Saat ini kebutuhan instalasi plumbing berkembang pesat seiring permintaan pembangunan perumahan yang signifikan. Sistem plumbing air bersih bertujuan menyediakan penyaluran air bersih untuk kebutuhan pemakai rumah tipe 42 di Perumahan Kartika Chandra Sidoarjo. Permasalahan yang sering terjadi dalam sistem plumbing adalah tidak diketahuinya tekanan, laju aliran, kecepatan aliran, dan kerugian head-head pada pipa sehingga distribusi air disetiap cabang pipa belum tentu sesuai persyaratan SNI 03-7065-2005 dan BS 6700. Oleh karena itu perlu mengevaluasi instalasi sistem plumbing air bersih terhadap persyaratan SNI 03-7065-2005 dan BS 6700. Parameter utama meliputi kebutuhan air bersih, tekanan, laju aliran, kecepatan aliran, dan tipe aliran. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa laju aliran belum memenuhi persyaratan SNI 03-7065-2005 dan BS 6700, tekanan pada node 14 dan 30 yang memenuhi persyaratan SNI 03-7065-2005 dan BS 6700, hanya kecepatan aliran yang memenuhi persyaratan SNI 03-7065-2005, dan tipe aliran dalam pipa jenis turbulen.
The Effect of Climate Engineering on Strawberry Plant Growth in the Lowlands
Authors: Setiawan Aa , Kartika Ahmad Maulana , Wardika Wardika
Published: August 2018

This research aims to study the effect of climate engineering on the growth of strawberry plants in the lowlands. This research was conducted in greenhouse media of 6 m2 wide and 2 m high with roof cover and wall of ultraviolet plastic with roof damper using straw. Types of strawberry plants that will be used are varieties of strawberries (Alpine) Red and White Mixed. The planting medium of strawberries uses a polybag placed on the shelf. The analysis discussed in this research is the analysis of temperature and humidity attainment and growth and development of strawberries. Temperature and humidity attainment is indicated with fixed temperature and humidity data of 17 0C – 20 0C and 80% - 90% Rh under all conditions. Strawberry growth analysis is indicated by increasing stolon size while development is indicated by a change in fruit form.The results showed that the greenhouse room during the day only able to reach an average temperature of 22 0C and 70% moisture. While in the morning and afternoon greenhouse space is able to reach the temperature and humidity of strawberry habitat. Using temperatures and humidity under the design, strawberry plants are still alive and well developed which is indicated by the addition of stolon length, the appearance of new shoots, fruit ripening, and the addition of strawberries.
Remoción de color en agua de abastecimiento utilizando proceso electrolítico y filtración directa
Authors: Bevilaqua Prado Paulo Bruno , Tangerino Edson Pereira , Sánchez Ortiz Iván Andrés
Published: August 2018

In this research the color removal through electrolytic process, followed by direct filtration with six different doses of Al2 (SO4)3 for the Parana river potabilization in Ilha Solteira-São Paulo was evaluated. The treatment efficiency on raw water and with addition of humic substances to reach up true color values near to 70, 100, 200 and 400 Hu, with and without titanium dioxide addition was monitored. The processes combination for the different tests reported apparent color reductions up to 15 Hu, maximum permitted value by theBrazilian drinking water guidelines.
Resultados preliminares de la estrategia de uso de dispositivos robóticos en la enseñanza de las matemáticas
Authors: Murcia Londoño Euclides , Henao López Juan Carlos
Published: August 2018

This article presents the preliminary results of the intervention process to diff erent groups of students enrolled from 7th to 9th grades in diff erent educational institutions of the municipalities of Pereira and Dosquebradas, activity that meets the fi rst objective in the project called “Teaching to promote mathematical thinking by using lego devices” and refers to” conduct an assessment on the development of mathematical thinking in students in basic education IE municipalities of Dosquebradas and Pereira.
Un estudio sobre algoritmos basados en restricciones: objetivos ingeniería de tráfico y calidad de servicio
Authors: Becerra Sánchez Line Yasmín , Bañol Jorge Leonardo , Padilla Aguilar Jhon Jairo
Published: August 2018

Internet routing is based on the destination address and a shortest path algorithm, this leads to some links are congested because the same paths are selected for many communications. On the other hand, constraint based algorithms select the path based on a set of requirements that allows choosing the most optimal path for a specifi c set of constraints, solving the problem of the shortest path routing and providing additional benefi ts such as support QoS and traffi c engineering. In the literature, it has been shown that the processes with traffi c engineering objectives are NP-hard, and for quality of service are NP-complete, it allows making heuristic algorithms proposals because this is an open issue. Therefore, this article provides an overview of the constraint based algorithms proposed as a solution to the problem of conventional Internet routing in the last 15 years. This study has been organized into three categories according to the goals for each proposal. These categories were targeted in Internet current issues that are Traffi c Engineering and Quality of Service support. A brief description of each algorithm is presented, highlighting their objectives and constraints. It is very important to highlight that to propose solutions to these issues remains a challenge and is an open issue, for this reason to have a knowledge of the taxonomy of these algorithms and objectives allows us to propose new alternatives to routing for next generation networks, with new demands on their services.
Gestión de la cadena de suministro: una revisión desde la logística y el medio ambiente
Authors: Silva Rodríguez Julián David
Published: August 2018

This article presents a review of the research about the advance related to the Supply Chain Management and the Green Supply Chain Management. The review is done through content analysis, based on Articles published from 2005 until 2015. The investigations were classifi ed according to the subject and the focus given to each of them. During the review it was evident that the research conducted on the subject SCM is done in order to create new strategies for collaboration between the various links in the SC and investigations concerning the GSCM point to design support tools including new processes and channels within the SC, aimed to remanufacturing, reprocessing and reuse of waste or life products generated in the normal SCM.
Cinemática de velocidad y aceleración del robot serial Mitsubishi Movemaster RV-M1
Authors: Martínez Mercado Luis Daniel , Martínez Bolívar Lesme , Roldán Mckinley Javier
Published: August 2018

The explicit formulation of the velocity and acceleration kinematics for the Movemaster RV-M1 robot is presented. The formulae are obtained from the tool position transformation matrix. The derived formulation allowed creating a Matlab graphical user interface for simulation of kinematic tasks and calculation of velocity and acceleration, for both tool and robot joints. A vertical linear weld type kinematic task was simulated and later carried out in the actual robot using programming commands and hardware provided by the manufacturer. An angular velocity DAQ was built to measure the velocities of the joints in the fi xed coordinate system, and used in the experimental stage. From the results, a satisfactory validation of the mathematical formulae was made. The derived formulation for this robot was available had not been presented before.
Análisis fisicoquímico de las hojas de eucalipto camaldulensis y su hidrolizado, como sustrato en la producción de xilitol
Authors: Gutiérrez Alexander , Pineda Henry Reyes , Castañeda Jhon Fredy
Published: August 2018

Eucalyptus is used as a source of renewable energy and the development of several products at industrial level; wasted leaves and branches whose content of lignocellulosic material can be converted into raw material product with specifi c applications, therefore, physicochemical analysis of leaves and its hydrolyzate was performed to determine the viability of the substrate in the production of xylitol, through biotechnological processes. Physicochemical parameters such as humidity, water activity (Aw), total soluble solids (° Brix), thermogravimetry (TGA), and infrared (IR FT) to the plant sample, and titratable acidity, pH, reducing sugars (DNS) were evaluated, ° Brix and infrared to hydrolysates, showing results led to the conclusion that the residual biomass Eucalyptus camaldulensis, is a potential substrate in the production of xylitol from biotechnological reduction of fermentable sugars such as D-xylose utilizing yeasts Candida.
Control de fuerza en actuadores hidráulicos mediante válvula proporcional de alivio
Authors: Echeverry Ocampo Dany Alejandro , Henao Castañeda Francisco Javier
Published: August 2018

With the formulation of Pascal’s principle, an important work has been developed in fl uid power and control. The variables most used in this fi eld are: speed, position and force; there is suffi cient literature on this subject, especially when related to proportional four-way /three state valves Control de fuerza en actuadores hidráulicos mediante válvula proporcional de alivio1 Force control in hydraulic actuators through proportional relief valve Controle da força em atuadores hidráulicos mediante válvula proporcional de alívio D.A. Echeverry, F.J. Henao Fecha recibido: junio 7 de 2017 - Aceptado: junio 29 de 2017 as final control element. These valves behave very well for speed and position, but when it comes to a fi ne force control, proportional relief valves are required. The present article shows the force control in hydraulic actuators by means of a proportional relief valve, performing its characterization and behavior experimentally. Furthermore, a scheme integrating the hydraulic elements, data acquisition and system intercommunication is generated through an interface between the control system and the actuators, with the purpose of regulating the force, which consists on a pre-established load.
SIMULASI BERBASIS MULTI-AGENT CERDAS UNTUK PEMILIHAN SUPPLIER BERDASARKAN MULTI-ISSUE NEGOTIATION
Authors: Bhakti Demmy Dharma
Published: August 2018

Seleksi dan evaluasi supplier telah menjadi salah satu topik utama dalam literatur produksidanmanajemen operasi. Pemilihan supplier yang terbaik merupakan proses pengambilankeputusan yang kompleks karena harus dievaluasi dari kriteria-kriteria supplier, dandiperlukan proses tawar menawar antara supplier dan konsumen untuk setiap kriteria yangbisa terdiri dari harga, waktu pengiriman, kualitas, kepercayaan, dan lain-lain, sehinggaakan membutuhkan waktu yang lama dan melibatkan kerja kolaburatif antara konsumen dansupplier.Jurnal ini membahas bagaimana membangun model simulasi berbasis multi-agentcerdas yang dapat proses pemilihan supplier berdasarkan multi-issue negotiation.
Detection of Virulence Factors and Antimicrobial Resistance in Enterococci Isolated from Urinary Tract Infection
Authors: Suchi Surovi Era , Shamsuzzaman SM , Uddin Bhuiyan Mohammad Mahtab , Yusuf Md Abdullah
Published: August 2018

Background: The genus Enterococcus is of increasing significance as a cause of nosocomial infections and this trend is exacerbated by the development of antibiotic resistance.Objective: The aims of this study was to find out the susceptibility pattern and the prevalence of virulence genes in Enterococcus strains isolated from urinary tract infection in Bangladesh.Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology at Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from January 2015 to December 2015 for a period of one (01) years. All the admitted patients in the Dhaka Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka and Banghabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka who were  presented with clinical features of urinary tract infection at any age with both sexes were included as study population. The antimicrobial susceptibility of the strains was determined using the disk diffusion method; vancomycin susceptibility pattern was detected by MIC method. PCR was performed for the detection of genus-species, vanA, vanB gene and potential virulence genes.Result: Out of 84 Enterococci, majority (71.42%) of the isolates were E. faecalis followed by 23.81% were E. faecium. Regarding antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, 100% isolated Enterococci were sensitive to vancomycin, linezolid and teicoplanin. Most of the Enterococci were resistant to ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone (92.86%) followed by 88.10% to gentamicin and 85.71% to azithromycin and rifampicin. No VRE was identified and the range of MIC for vancomycin was 1-4 µg/ml. None of the Enterococci was positive for vanA and vanB genes. Out of total E. faecalis and E. faecium, 87.50% were positive for ebp and 77.5%, 72.5%, 55.0%, 45.0%, 40.0% and 10.0% of isolates were positive for gelE, esp, ace, cyl, asa and hyl respectively.Conclusion: Almost all the virulence genes were more prevalent in E. faecalis isolates.Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2017;4(2):30-34
Phytoplankton and Bacterial Response to Desert Dust Deposition in the Coastal Waters of the Southeastern Mediterranean Sea: A Four-Year In Situ Survey
Authors: Rahav Eyal , Belkin Natalia , Paytan Adina , Herut Barak
Published: August 2018

Atmospheric dust/aerosol deposition is an important source of external nutrients for the surface of the ocean. This study shows high-resolution observational data gathered in situ over a period of four years on bacterial and phytoplankton abundance and activity during typical background atmospheric conditions and during intense dust storm events in the low-nutrient, low-chlorophyll (LNLC) coastal waters of the southeastern Mediterranean Sea (SEMS). Chlorophyll a (an estimate for phytoplankton biomass) and bacterial abundance show moderate changes in response to dust deposition/events (−10% and +20%, respectively), while primary production, bacterial production, and N2 fixation rates were all significantly and positively affected by deposition (+25 to +40%; p < 0.05). The rapid changes in bacterial and/or phytoplankton rate parameters suggest that the released micro-/macronutrients from atmospheric deposition are tunneled directly in metabolic processes and, to a lesser extent, for biomass accumulation. The predicted expansion of LNLC areas in oceans in the future, and the projected increase in dust emission due to desertification, may affect the production of marine microbial communities in the surface of the ocean, yet only moderately affect their biomass or standing stock. Such alterations may impact carbon sequestration to the deep ocean.
Sustainability and the 21st Century Vertical City: A Review of Design Approaches of Tall Buildings
Authors: Al-Kodmany Kheir
Published: August 2018

As cities cope with rapid population growth—adding 2.5 billion dwellers by 2050—and grapple with destructive sprawl, politicians, planners, and architects have become increasingly interested in the vertical city paradigm. Given the large-scale problems of skyscrapers, any improvements in their planning, design, and construction would be significant. This paper examines a new crop of skyscrapers that employs green design elements, including aerodynamic forms, greeneries, energy-saving systems, innovative renewable energy techniques, water-saving technologies, rainwater catchment systems, and the like. The examined projects illustrate foremost sustainable design features, strategies, and techniques that help to meet the functional requirements while resulting in attractive forms. They include towers that are completed, under-construction, on-hold, proposed and on the drawing boards. In an attempt to capture a wide-range of innovative ideas and concepts, this paper examines 30 major projects representing major world’s regions that have been active in constructing tall buildings including Southeast Asia and the Far East, the Middle East, Europe, and North America. The discussion section also engages the reader with additional buildings that have employed similar sustainable design. The paper concludes by identifying design approaches that could twin sustainability with iconicity, and highlights some of the shortfalls of intended sustainable design.
Radiotherapy for T1N0M0 Esophageal Cancer: Analyses of the Predictive Factors and the Role of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection in the Local Control
Authors: Suzuki Gen , Yamazaki Hideya , Aibe Norihiro , Masui Koji , Shimizu Daisuke , Kimoto Takuya , Nishimura Takeshi , Nakashima Akihiro , Takenaka Tadashi , Dohi Osamu , Ishikawa Takeshi , Yamada Kei
Published: August 2018

Several therapeutic options are available for clinical T1N0M0 thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (stage I ESCC); however, the studies on the treatment results are limited. This study assessed the outcomes of stage I ESCC treated with radiotherapy (RT), determined predictive factors, and evaluated the benefits of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) combined with RT. We retrospectively analyzed the data of 50 patients (41 men, 9 women; median age, 66 years) with stage I ESCC treated with RT. The median total irradiation dose was 50 Gy. Elective nodal irradiation (ENI) was performed in 17 patients and ESD in 29 patients (ESD group). Forty-six patients concurrently received chemotherapy with RT. The median tumor length of ESD and non-ESD groups was 2.3 and 5 cm, respectively. The median follow-up was 33 months. The 3-year overall survival, disease-free survival (DFS), and local control (LC) rates were 77.3%, 61.1%, and 88.1%, respectively. Grade 3 adverse events occurred in 14 patients. T stage and tumor length were significant prognostic factors for 3-year DFS and 3-year LC, respectively. ESD appeared to be an important prognostic factor for LC. ENI and total irradiation dose above 50.4 Gy were not predictive factors. Our findings might help in treatment decisions for stage I ESCC.
The Challenge of Promoting the Health of Refugees and Migrants in Europe: A Review of the Literature and Urgent Policy Options
Authors: Laverack Glenn
Published: August 2018

This paper provides a rapid review of the literature on the current knowledge on health promotion for improved refugee and migrant health in the European region. The aim of the paper is to identify implications for future policy and practice. The literature review used standard systematic methodologies to search databases followed by data extraction and synthesis. General sources of grey literature were also included in the review as well as consultations with people working in the field. The paper identifies the lack of knowledge on how to engage with refugees and migrants in a culturally competent way, to address fear and violence and the application of health literacy. The review of the literature also identifies evidence to support peer education, working with community-based organisations and the tailoring of interventions to the needs of refugees and migrants. The paper concludes with a discussion of the technical content and future implications for the implementation of health promotion programs.
Investigation of TiO2 Thin Film Deposited by Microwave Plasma Assisted Sputtering and Its Application in 3D Glasses
Authors: Hao Qi , Fu Xiuhua , Song Shigeng , Gibson Des , Li Cheng , Chu Hin On , Shi Yongjing
Published: August 2018

TiO2 deposition using separate regions for sputtering and oxidation is not well investigated. We optimized process parameter for such as oxygen flow and microwave power to produce high quality TiO2 filters for Stereo/3D imaging applications. This deposition technique was chosen for its unique advantages: high deposition rates while increasing the probability of obtaining stoichiometric oxides, reduces possibility of target poisoning and provides better stability of process. Various characterization methods, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Raman, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission spectroscopy, were used in compliment to simulations for detailed analysis of deposited TiO2 thin films. Process parameters were optimized to achieve TiO2 films with low surface scattering and absorption for fabricating multi-passbands interference filter for 3D glasses. From observations and quantitative analysis of surfaces, it was seen that surface roughness increases while oxygen flow or microwave power increases. As the content of anatase phase also increases with higher microwave power and higher oxygen flow, the formation of anatase grains can cause higher surface roughness. Optical analysis of samples validates these trends and provided additional information for absorption trends. Optimized parameters for deposition process are then obtained and the final fabricated 3D glasses filters showed high match to design, within 0.5% range for thickness error.
Bacteria Associated with Marine Benthic Invertebrates from Polar Environments: Unexplored Frontiers for Biodiscovery?
Authors: Lo Giudice Angelina , Rizzo Carmen
Published: August 2018

The ecological function of bacteria-invertebrate interactions in Polar areas remains poorly understood, despite increasing evidence that microbial metabolites may play pivotal roles in host-associated chemical defense and in shaping the symbiotic community structure. The metabolic and physiological changes that these organisms undergo in response to adapting to extreme conditions result in the production of structurally and functionally novel biologically active molecules. Deepening our knowledge on the interactions between bacteria and their invertebrate host would be highly helpful in providing the rationale for why (e.g., competition or cooperative purpose) and which (whether secondary metabolites, enzymes, or proteins) bioactive compounds are produced. To date, cold-adapted bacteria associated with marine invertebrates from the Arctic and Antarctica have not been given the attention they deserve and the versatility of their natural products remains virtually unexplored, even if they could represent a new attractive frontier in the search for novel natural compounds. This review is aimed at showcasing the diversity of cold-adapted bacteria associated with benthic invertebrates from Polar marine areas, highlighting the yet unexplored treasure they represent for biodiscovery.
Large Deviations Properties of Maximum Entropy Markov Chains from Spike Trains
Authors: Cofré Rodrigo , Maldonado Cesar , Rosas Fernando
Published: August 2018

We consider the maximum entropy Markov chain inference approach to characterize the collective statistics of neuronal spike trains, focusing on the statistical properties of the inferred model. To find the maximum entropy Markov chain, we use the thermodynamic formalism, which provides insightful connections with statistical physics and thermodynamics from which large deviations properties arise naturally. We provide an accessible introduction to the maximum entropy Markov chain inference problem and large deviations theory to the community of computational neuroscience, avoiding some technicalities while preserving the core ideas and intuitions. We review large deviations techniques useful in spike train statistics to describe properties of accuracy and convergence in terms of sampling size. We use these results to study the statistical fluctuation of correlations, distinguishability, and irreversibility of maximum entropy Markov chains. We illustrate these applications using simple examples where the large deviation rate function is explicitly obtained for maximum entropy models of relevance in this field.
Design and Control of a Three-Coil Permanent Magnet Spherical Motor
Authors: Souza Kleymilson N. , Pontes Ricardo S. T. , Oliveira Andressa P. , Barreto Guilherme A.
Published: August 2018

The permanent magnet (PM) spherical motor has been subject to growing interest from the scientific community due to its potential for applications in distinct areas, particularly in robotics, prosthetics, satellite control, sensors or camera systems. Motivated by this movement, the current work presents all the steps for the efficient design and construction of a spherical motor model, using compound deposition technology with the aid of a 3D printer. Furthermore, we report comprehensive studies on the accuracy of the positioning system of the proposed motor using only three stator coils, which jointly act to move the rotor axis toward any point in the hemisphere. Unmodeled nonlinear phenomena, such as friction, impair accurate positioning of the motor actuator, but this is solved by means of a visual servo control system, which allows the user to collect input–output data to train an artificial neural network model. Details on the construction of the proposed motor are reported, in addition to the numerical results of the positioning control in tracking a desired trajectory.