bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biodegradation of tiamulin by wood-rot fungi and enriched bacterial cultures obtained from swine farms
Authors:   , Xuan Nguyen
Published: November 2023

Tiamulin is a widely used antibiotic in Thai swine farms and persists in manure storage, posing risks related to the spreading of antibiotic and the evolution of resistant bacteria. Twelve strains of wood-rot fungi were collected from swine farms and preliminarily examined for their ability to degrade a recalcitrant compound using brilliant green and crystal violet dyes. Three isolated fungi and three white-rot fungal strains–namely, Lasiodiplodia sp. F1, Fusarium sp. F5, Galactomyces sp. F8, Verticillium sp., Trametes versicolor, and Trametes hirsuta AK4–capable of developing considerable decolorized zones on both dyes exhibited their abilities to degrade 10 mg/L of tiamulin over a period of 12 days: 93.2%, 82.4%, 73.8%, 89.3%, 86.1%, and 66.8%, respectively, and at the rates of 56.7, 6.5, 5.6, 58.6, 56.0, and 6.8 mL/g fungi·d, respectively. Lasiodiplodia sp. F1, Verticillium sp., and Trametes versicolor were able to remove TIA most efficiently (> 85%). Manganese peroxidase was predominantly produced by all strains over laccase and lignin peroxidase suggesting its main role in TIA degradation. In addition, four TIA-degrading bacterial enriched cultures including A (covered anaerobic lagoon source), AN (covered anaerobic lagoon source, nutrient broth), S (stabilization pond source), and SN (stabilization pond source, nutrient broth) were able to remove tiamulin efficiently at concentrations of 2.5 - 200 mg/L with the maximum rates of 99.7%, 99.0%, 99.9% and 99.6%, respectively within 16 h. Monod kinetic values of Ks were 190.9, 469.6, 2000.1, and 206.7 mg/L, respectively and qmax values were 30.7, 63.5, 269.2, and 48.5 mg/L·h. Next-generation sequencing revealed genera Achromobacter, Delftia, Pandoraea in class Betaproteobacteria and genera Pseudomonas, and Stenotrophomonas in class Gammaproteobacteria dominated , indicating that they might contributed to improve tiamulin elimination process. Tiamulin degrading enriched bacterial cultures had an advantage over the tested fungi in term of the degradation rate; however, its application might be limited due to the possibility of spreading antibiotic resistance microbes or genes to environment. Bioencapsulation technique might help to retard the release of microbes. Besides, the extracted fungal manganese peroxidase might be applied to degrade tiamulin. Further investigation is required. In summary, the bacterial enriched cultures and fungi obtained in this study are promising tiamulin degraders that are potentially applied for eliminating tiamulin in contaminated swine manure and wastewater.
Contribution of ammonia oxidizing microorganisms and effect of paranitrophenol onammonia oxidation of nitrifying sludge
Authors:   , Srithep Papitchaya
Published: November 2023

The oxidation of ammonia to nitrite is the initial and rate-limiting step for most biological nitrogen removal approaches in wastewater treatment. However, the contribution of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) to ammonia oxidation in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) has yet been clearly clarified. In this study, two laboratory nitrifying reactors (NRI and NRII) were seeded and operated under different conditions; therefore, different proportions of AOA and AOB arose in both reactors. AOA amoA genes outnumbered AOB amoA genes in reactor NRI, while only AOB amoA genes were the only detectable ammonia oxidizer in reactor NRII. The AOA amoA gene sequences from reactor NRI belonged to the Nitrososhaera sister cluster within the Group 1.1b Thaumacheota. Allythiourea (ATU) and 2-Phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide (PTIO), which were shown in previous studies to specifically inhibit AOB and AOA, respectively, were applied individually and as a mixture to observe the ammonia-oxidizing activity of AOA and AOB in NRI and NRII sludge. The results demonstrated that AOA and AOB jointly oxidized ammonia in NRI sludge, while AOB played the main role in ammonia oxidation in NRII sludge. DNA stable isotope probing (DNA-SIP) with 13C-HCO3- was performed on NRI sludge.  The 13C was incorporated into AOA and AOB amoA genes implying that both microorganisms may perform autotrophy during ammonia oxidation. DNA-SIP also showed that AOA can incorporate the 13C into the amoA genes while AOB cannot grow when 80 µM ATU was added. The results confirmed that ATU of 80 µM can be applied to clarify the ammonia-oxidizing activity of AOA in NRI sludge. ATU was applied to sludge from 5 full-scale WWTPs where the numbers of AOA and AOB amoA genes in the sludge varied. The results demonstrated that AOB played the main role in ammonia oxidation in all sludge. In the sludge that AOA outnumbered AOB, AOA involved around 20% of ammonia oxidation under presence of ATU at 80 µM. Inhibitory effect of paranitrophenol (PNP) was studied with sludge from reactor NRII. PNP at concentrations of ≥ 50 mgL-1 showed complete inhibition of ammonia oxidation. Analyses of bacterial cell viability and active nitrifying microorganisms using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique indicated that PNP at concentrations of 10 and 200 mgL-1 tended to reduce bacterial cells and active AOB. The findings of this study can further lead to an improvement of wastewater treatment design and operation.
Greenhouse gas emissions from vertical and horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands in tropical climate
Authors:   , Nutanong Siripoon
Published: November 2023

In this study, CH4 and N2O fluxes from HSSF and VF constructed wetland operated in tropical climate and the effect of different plant harvesting intervals on CH4 and N2O fluxes from VF constructed wetlands were compared. Results show that the average CH4 fluxe was higher in the HSSF and the average N2O flux was higher in the VF system. Average CH4 fluxes of 7.13 and 4.05 mg CH4-C.m-2.h-1 and average N2O fluxes of 0.13 and 0.20 mg N2O-N.m-2.h-1 were measured from the HSSF and the VF constructed wetland, respectively. CH4 and N2O fluxes in the wet period were lower than the dry period for both systems. CH4 and N2O fluxes dropped during a rainfall event. Inflow TOC and TN were the dominant factors regulating the fluxes. The average TOC and TN concentrations in the influent were 80.2 and 55.9 mg/L, respectively. The study on the effect of plant on VF systems with average influent TOC and TN of 74.5 and 40.0 mg/L, respectively shows that TN removal, effluent DO concentrations, N2O flux and the number of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria in the system increased but TOC removal and CH4 flux decreased with the presence of plants.  Harvesting plants after reaching the final height improved DO concentrations, organic nitrogen and NH3 removal and lower the effluent NO3 concentrations and increases N2O flux. The results suggest that harvesting plants after reaching the final height would increase microbiological processes involving in nitrogen transformation which results in the improvement of nitrogen removal efficiencies but would also increase N2O flux.
Time-Varying Skill: An Investigation of UK Mutual Funds
Authors:   , Sripramoch Chatchanok
Published: November 2023

This thesis investigates time-varying skills of UK domestic open-end equity mutual funds, namely timing skill and picking skill by using holdings data from 2005 to 2013, including a great recession period during 2008 to 2009. From examining the relation between the business cycle and both skills, this thesis finds that funds have picking skill and timing skill in expansions more than in recessions. In other word, there is no variation of skills with the business cycle. Moreover, when comparing top picking skilled funds in expansions to other funds, the result shows that top picking skilled funds in expansions also have higher picking skill and timing skill in recessions. Besides, top picking skilled funds in expansions can outperform other funds only measured by CAPM model. In addition, the study in the great recession or the crisis period finds that UK mutual funds have timing skill in the crisis more than in regular recessions, but they have picking skill in the crisis a little bit less than in regular recessions.
Value of cash during downturn
Authors:   , Piyasil Chawarat
Published: November 2023

This study investigates the value of cash holdings among Asian firms: Thailand, The Philippines, Taiwan and Indonesia, which were affected by 1997 Asian financial crisis. Moreover, firms from Australia and New Zealand are analyzed as a comparison. For 3,717 firms from 6 countries between 1991and 2005, the findings indicate that the 1997 Asian financial crisis has impact on firms in Asian countries. Firms’ cash holdings do not contribute more to the value of firms during crisis period. Furthermore, the high level of cash has the same impact on firm value between crisis and non-crisis period. Although firms do not gain advantage from cash holdings, they do not lead things getting worse. Indeed, the findings lend support to free cash flow theory. After examining the investment rates among high cash Asian firms, the findings indicate that investment rates among high cash Asian firms are lower than low cash Asian firms during post-crisis period (i.e., recovery period). Moreover, the findings from examining the recovery rates (market valuation, dividend payout and return on assets) indicate that the market valuation of high cash Asian firms is not different from those low cash Asian firms during recovery period. However, high cash Asian firms are likely to pay dividends higher than those low cash Asian firms during pre-crisis period (i.e., normal period) and these patterns remain even after affected by the 1997 Asian financial crisis. For profitability (return on assets), high cash firms are not different in utilizing the assets to generate profit comparing to those low cash firms during recovery period.
The impact of attention on investors : evidence from the Stock Exchange of Thailand
Authors:   , Schmidt Eduard
Published: November 2023

This paper examines the influence of attention on three investor groups: individual investors, institutional investors and foreign investors in the setting of the Thai stock market between 2011 and 2014. To measure the impact of attention I sort stocks by their extreme daily returns and by their abnormal trading volume on a certain day. Purchasing stocks that grabbed ones attention earlier is a way to deal with the problem of having to choose from thousands of stocks that one could potentially buy. I test and confirm the hypothesis that individual investors are net buyers of attention grabbing stocks. Furthermore I hypothesize that attention affects different investor groups to a different degree in their buying behavior. I confirm that individual investors engage the most in attention driven buying behavior. Surprisingly I find strong evidence for attention driven buying behavior for institutional investors as well. Foreign investors merely show tendencies for purchases driven by attention grabbing stocks.
Market segmentation and foreign price premium in The Stock Exchange of Thailand
Authors:   , Piamworrakaroon Luxvara
Published: November 2023

Foreign share premium in Thai stock market has exhibited the downward trend during 2002 to 2014. This study attempts to explain this phenomenon by three hypotheses which are demand differential, information availability, and diversification benefit. The panel regression and cross-sectional regression are employed to account for variation of foreign share premium over time and across firms. The results of the study show that demand differential between foreign and domestic investors plays important role to explain foreign share premium. As foreign investors' demand for Thai stock is downward sloping, lower foreign room left relative to foreign ownership limit indicates higher foreign demand and higher foreign share premium for that stock. Moreover, foreign investors are likely to shift their investment from traditional foreign share on the Foreign Board to Non-Votiing Depository Receipt (NVDR) over time as it is a close substitute investment of domestic share for foreign investors. The existence of NVDR cause foreign investors' demand to become more elastic resulting in lower foreign share premium. Together with information availability hypothesis, foreign investors are interested to invest in larger firms and firms with more analyst coverages, via NVDR rather than foreign share on the Foreign Board, since they need not to concern about foreign ownership limit. Nevertheless, diversification benefit is the motive driven foreign investors to invest in domestic share on the Foreign Board. For any stock, if its return yields lower correlation with market portfolio return, it shows the higher diversification benefit and results in higher foreign share premium.
Effect of Moringa oleifera leaves extract on lipid peroxidation and sensory characteristics in cookies
Authors:   , Danso Deborah
Published: November 2023

Bakery products with high fat content are highly susceptible to produce lipid peroxidation. Incorporation of bakery products with natural antioxidants is alternative approach for decreasing lipid peroxidation during food manufacturing process. Moringa oleifera is a well-known plant which has been demonstrated to possess antioxidant property. In this regard, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Moringa oleifera leaves extract (MOE) on prevention of lipid peroxidation in cookies. The results illustrated that the lightness, redness and E-index of the cookies were affected when fortified with MOE. After, sensory evaluation conducted in control and cookies fortified with MOE (0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8% and 1.0% MOE), 0.2% and 0.4% MOE cookies showed no significant difference in overall acceptability when compared to control cookies. However, the significant difference of antioxidant property and lipid peroxidation of 0.4% and 0.6% MOE fortified cookies with high score of overall acceptability were observed when compared with control cookies(p<0.05). Thus, 0.4% and 0.6% MOE fortified cookies were chosen for further studies during 4 weeks of storage periods.  The significant increase in antioxidant properties together with the reduction of lipid peroxidation of cookies fortified with MOE was observed throughout the storage time when compared to control cookies. In addition, overall acceptability of 0.4% MOE was not significantly different from control and also when compared to week 0 during the storage period whereas cookies fortified with 0.6% MOE were significantly difference when compared with control cookies (p<0.05) but had no change in overall acceptability during the storage period when compared to week 0. The findings indicated that Moringa oleifera leave extract may be used as a source of natural antioxidant to prevent lipid peroxidation in cookies.
A mixed methods of qualitative and quantitative study of patients’ understanding about carbohydrate portion in type 2 diabetic subjects
Authors:   , Prutanopajai Pornsawan
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this mixed methods study was to evaluate understanding about carbohydrate portion and determine factors which were associated to carbohydrate portion knowledge in adults with type 2 diabetes. The sample group was 135 adults with type 2 diabetes who attended the diabetic clinic of King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. Knowledge of carbohydrate portion was evaluated by the test which developed in this study. The data about socio-demographic characteristics, medical history, self-management information, diabetes education information and general diabetes knowledge were collected. After that, 24 participants were selected by purposive sampling to attend food estimation skill test and interview. Data analysis were using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, ANOVA, Chi-squared test and Multivariable analysis for quantitative data and Framework method for qualitative data. The results showed mean score of carbohydrate portion knowledge was 16.24 points with SEM of 0.34. Most of participants had problem with interpretation of nutrition facts label. This study found that some misconceptions about identifying foods that contain carbohydrate and estimating carbohydrate content in foods. In addition, the association between carbohydrate portion knowledge and glycemic control was found in this study. The analysis of independent t-test and ANOVA indicated the factors which were associated with carbohydrate portion knowledge. There were age, education level, occupation, income and having glucose meter. In the same way, analysis of chi-square test and binary logistical regression showed low level of carbohydrate portion knowledge was associated with 5 variables. There were age, education level, income, receiving diabetes information from media and score of general diabetes. Therefore, it is important to be careful of miscommunication and misunderstanding in diabetes education, especially group of people with low level of carbohydrate portion knowledge.
Mineralogy and petrography of skarn at Khao Lek, Amphoe Nong Bua, Changwat Nakhon Sawan
Authors:   , Andrianarimanana Maminirina
Published: November 2023

Khao Lek deposit is located at Amphoe Nong Bua, Changwat Nakhon Sawan. Skarn is better developed in limestone than volcanics protoliths. It shows mineralogical zonations represented by garnet skarn, pyroxene skarn, garnet-pyroxene, pyroxene-wollastonite. However, in volcanics protolith, pyroxene skarn is the only skarn type identified and it is characterized by pyroxene veinlets or pyroxene infilled vugs in volcanic unit mainly in the footwall. Mineralogically, skarn may vary within each skarn zone for example in garnet skarn in the western part of the zone is represented by dark brown, medium- to coarse-grained associated with calcite whereas, at the eastern part garnet is reddish brown to yellowish green closely associated with pyroxene. Skarn variation may reflect distance from intrusion or proximal to more distal. This is consistence with composition obtained from EPMA analyzes in which garnet at proximal has composition of spessartite-grossular-andradite series whereas, at the distal become andradite. These reflect source of fluid and type of protolith and proximal and distal from source intrusion. Similar to pyroxene where diopside represent pyroxene hosted in volcanic whereas, pyroxene hosted in or close to limestone protolith is represented by ferroaugite.Magnetite orebody is likely replacing the major endoskarn which was emplaced along NE-SW major fault as a dyke. This magnetite mineralization could well be formed during retrograde skarn formation. Retrograde skarn is better developed along major faults particularly the footwall (southwest of the pit). It characterized by epidote-chlorite ± calcite vein/veinlets. The skarn at Khao Lek can be classified as calcic skarn based on its mineralogy. When consider in terms of ore deposits that are hosted by skarns, this deposit can be classified as skarn deposit. It is classified as iron ± copper skarn deposit which is based on the dominant metal i.e., Cu, Au, Pb-Zn, Fe, Mo, W and Sn
Thermal exchange from Bangkok subsoil to household air conditioner
Authors:   , Chokchai Sasimook
Published: November 2023

The demand of energy is increasing at present, so the alternative way of energy management is to reduce energy consumption. Geothermal Heat Pump (GHP) has been widely used in many countries since the World War II to reduce electricity consumption. In Thailand, a systematic installation of GHP was first established in Bangkok. The objectives are to investigate analyze subsurface temperature in study area; to compare soil profiles of Bangkok with the study area and to compare energy saving between normal air-conditioner and GHP. The research work commences with drilling 2 boreholes with the length of about 50 meters. The high-quality PVC pipes were inserted into these holes. The pipes were connected and drilled with 100 meters length without any leakage. The Japanese – made GHP system was established at a small room in Parot Racha Building, Chulalongkorn University. The result displays that subsurface temperatures in a short – term measurement at the depths of 0 to 50 meters fall within the average range of about 29 to 30 °C. The result also shows that the inlet temperature flowing to the GHP is lower than the outlet temperature about at 1.5 °C. The result of the long – term measurement indicates that subsurface temperatures at depth of 1.5 to 8 meters are more constant (29 to 30°C) and lower than the outside air temperatures throughout the whole 2 years. The constant underground temperature condition is useful because the electricity consumption is greatly reduced. When GHP was adopted in the room along with the normal air-condition, it is found that electricity consumption can be reduced a little more than 30 %. Additionally, it is recognized that high humidity greatly decrease efficiency of GHP and increase electricity consumption. The study on subsurface geology of Bangkok reveals that the underground condition of thick sequences of un- to semi- consolidated sediments can be one of the parameters which affects the successful application of GHP.
Identification of nitrate sources using hydrogeochemical and stable isotope in the aquifer, Amphoe Kaeng Khoi, Changwat Saraburi
Authors:   , Wisittammasri Wanlapa
Published: November 2023

A long time agricultural activities result in the NO3- contamination in groundwater in Thailand. The objectives of this research were: to investigate hydrogeochemical and hydrogeological characteristics, to assess nitrate concentration in groundwater and finally to further use hydrogeochemical properties and stable isotopes for identifying the sources of nitrate, including their processes affecting nitrate contamination in groundwater.

Total 44 groundwater samples were collected from Amphoe Kaeng Khoi, Saraburi in November, 2014 (rainy season) and May, 2015 (summer season) to analyze Fe, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, NH4+, Cl-, F-, Br-, NO2-, NO3-, SO42-, PO43-, alkalinity, and 18O and 2H. The mainly groundwater flow direction is from east to west, which conforms to the topography. Average groundwater level in the summer season was lower than that in the rainy season average 0.64m. The recharge area is located in the eastern part of the study area. Groundwater type mainly is Ca-Na-HCO3. NO3- concentration is relatively higher in the summer season due to temperature effect. The highest NO3- concentration was found at station No. 2 in both seasons. The sources of NO3- are from mineral in soils and fertilizer. According to the stable isotope analysis, 11 stations deviate along an evaporation trend (D = 4.248518O – 15.935). Dilution process and denitrification plays an important role in nitrate attenuation. On the other hand, the nitrification process is a key process affecting the increase of NO3- concentration. Thus, the hydrogeochemical and stable isotope analysis are an essential tool for understanding the sources and processes, influencing on nitrate concentration.
Evaluation of Combined Gas Dumpflood with Gas Injection into Gas Condensate Reservoir
Authors:   , Phongtongpasuk Piya
Published: November 2023

Conventional gas injection is an improved condensate recovery technique by injecting the gas from surface to displace condensate and maintain the reservoir pressure above the dewpoint pressure as long as possible. However, this method requires large volume of gas to be injected into the reservoir and incurs high capital and operating costs. Gas dumpflood is a condensate recovery technique achieved by allowing the gas from an underlying source gas reservoir to flow through dumping well to displace condensate and maintain the reservoir pressure. Gas dumpflood has lower capital and operation cost. Nevertheless, some of the source gas reservoir is small and may not be enough to recover condensate effectively. In order to extract more condensate, combined gas dumpflood with gas injection should be applied. A reservoir model was built by using ECLIPSE300 compositional simulator to predict gas and condensate production under different production scenarios including natural depletion, conventional gas injection, gas dumpflood, and combined gas dumpflood with gas injection. Effects of well location, source gas reservoir size, and gas injection rate were investigated. If 0.5 PV (small) source gas reservoir is available, conventional gas injection is the most appropriate technique to recover condensate. If 1 PV (medium) source gas reservoir is available, combined gas dumpflood with 10 MMscf/d gas injection rate is more attractive. If 2 PV (large) source gas reservoir is available, gas dumpflood should be considered. If of all 0.5, 1, and 2 PV source gas reservoirs are present, gas dumpflood from 2 PV is the most attractive.
EFFECTS OF FORMATION BRINE COMPOSITIONS ON EFFECTIVENESS OF LOWSALINITY BRINE INJECTION IN CARBONATE RESERVOIR
Authors:   , Meekangwal Suthida
Published: November 2023

Low Salinity WaterFlooding (LSWF) has been intensively studied in worldwide. The method is simply performed by injecting water with much lower salinity compared to formation brine in the reservoir to induce wettability alteration through multi-component ion exchange mechanism. In this study, ionic ratios of formation water in carbonate reservoir is investigated as most study only emphasize on effects of ion composition in injected water and most explanations are already available for sandstone reservoir. Experiments are performed with dolomite rock as it contains both calcium and magnesium ions and ratio of both ions in formation water is one of study parameters. Spontaneous imbibition test, coreflood test and complexometric titration are performed to investigate effects of ion composition in formation brine on effectiveness of LSWF. The results show that LSWF is effective when formation brine contains calcium ion to magnesium ion ratio of 1:1 which is the least portion of calcium ion in this study. This ratio allows calcium ion to diffuse to injected low salinity water and adequate amount of calcium ion can still form calcium carboxylate complex and at same time, dissolution of calcium from rock surface is facilitated. Hence, oil is easily liberated from both mechanisms. The ratio of divalent ion to monovalent ion of 1:3, which is the smallest amount of monovalent ion is the most effective formation brine for LSWF. As hydrated size of monovalent, which is much smaller than that of divalent ions, surface is easily adhered by oil, leading to a more oil-wet condition and hence oil can be difficultly liberated. Small injection rate is an appropriate condition for LSWF. In this study, injection rate of 0.2 cm3/min, which is the smallest value, yields the best benefit of LSWF as potential determining ions have more time to complete multi-component ions exchange mechanism onto rock surface. In addition, the highest oil recovery is obtained at high temperature. A confirmation of complexometric titration showing disappearance of magnesium ion in effluent explains the oil recovery mechanism by means of forming magnesium carboxylate complex at high temperature.
อิทธิพลจาก COVID-19 ที่ส่งผลต่อการใช้ระบบการให้บริการยานพาหนะผ่านทางแอปพลิเคชันในกรุงเทพมหานคร
Authors:   , เล้าสินวัฒนา วัฒนา
Published: November 2023

การเติบโตขึ้นอย่างรวดเร็วของสังคมเมือง จำนวนประชากรและความต้องการในการเดินทางเพิ่มสูงขึ้น การเข้ามาของแอปพลิเคชันเรียกรถเพื่อโดยสาร (Ride-hailing applications: RHA) เข้ามาเป็นตัวเลือกในการเดินทางของผู้คนในปัจจุบัน เนื่องจากมีความสะดวก ง่ายต่อการใช้งาน และมีความน่าเชื่อถือ ทำให้องค์ความรู้ที่เกี่ยวกับรูปแบบการเดินทางประเภทนี้เป็นสิ่งสำคัญในการพัฒนาระบบขนส่งเพื่อรองรับการเติบโตของสังคมเมืองในประเทศไทยในอนาคต งานวิจัยนี้ได้ทำการศึกษาปัจจัยที่ส่งผลต่อการตัดสินใจใช้บริการแอปพลิเคชันเรียกรถเพื่อโดยสารในรูปแบบรถยนต์ วัตถุประสงค์ของการเดินทางด้วยบริการนี้ และรูปการเดินทางอื่นที่ถูกแทนที่โดยแอปพลิเคชันเรียกรถเพื่อโดยสาร โดยเก็บรวบรวมข้อมูลจากการสุ่มกลุ่มตัวอย่างของประชากรที่อาศัยอยู่ในพื้นที่กรุงเทพมหานครโดยใช้แบบสอบถาม และทำการวิเคราะห์ความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างการใช้บริการแอปพลิเคชันเรียกรถเพื่อโดยสารกับปัจจัยด้านคุณลักษณะทางสังคม เศรษฐกิจ และปัจจัยด้านทัศนคติ โดยใช้แบบจำลองการถดถอยโลจิสติกทวิ (Binary logistic regression) และแบบจำลองการถดถอยโลจิสติกทางเลือกเรียงลำดับ (Ordered logistic regression) จากผลการวิเคราะห์พบว่า กลุ่มตัวอย่างที่อายุน้อย รายได้สูง และผู้ที่ใช้สมาร์ทโฟนมาอย่างยาวนาน เป็นปัจจัยที่มีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติที่ทำให้กลุ่มตัวอย่างมีแนวโน้มที่จะใช้แอปพลิเคชันเรียกรถเพื่อโดยสาร และจากการศึกษาระดับความถี่ในการใช้งาน พบว่า การปิดประเทศ ส่งผลให้ระดับความถี่ในการเดินทางด้วยแอปพลิเคชันเรียกรถเพื่อโดยสารลดลง อีกทั้งยังปัจจัยด้านอายุที่สูงขึ้น และระดับการศึกษาที่ดีขึ้น ก็ส่งผลให้กลุ่มตัวอย่างที่ใช้งานแอปพลิเคชันเรียกรถเพื่อโดยสาร มีความถี่ในการใช้งานที่ลดลง จากผลการศึกษานี้แสดงให้เห็นว่ากลุ่มผู้ใช้บริการแอปพลิเคชันเรียกรถเป็นกลุ่มเดียวกับผู้ใช้บริการแท็กซี่ ซึ่งแอปพลิเคชันเรียกรถเพื่อโดยสารมีแนวโน้มในการถูกนำมาใช้ทดแทนแท็กซี่ ดังนั้นการกำกับดูแลจึงมีความจำเป็นในการรักษาความเท่าเทียมในการแข่งขัน
Multi-Attribute Decision-Making Based on Picture Fuzzy Einstein Operator and The TOPSIS Method
Authors: ABDULLAH SITI ROHANA GOH , Muhammad Zaini Ahmad
Published: November 2023

Picture Fuzzy Sets (PFSs) denote the extension of conventional fuzzy sets, which capture a broader spectrum of human opinions, encompassing responses such as acceptance, neutrality, rejection, and hesitation. This wider range of responses cannot be accurately accommodated within fuzzy sets as well as intuitionistic fuzzy sets framework. In the realm of Multiple Attribute Group Decision-Making (MAGDM) methods, attributes frequently exhibit conflicts, uncertainties, imprecisions, as well as a lack of commensurability. To tackle the complexities inherent in MAGDM, the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method has demonstrated its effectiveness. This method is employed in a compromise ranking approach founded on aggregation functions that showcase closeness to the reference points. This study's goal is to instigate a fresh approach to aggregation, referred to as the Picture Fuzzy Einstein Weighted Averaging Distance-based TOPSIS (PFEWAD-TOPSIS) method. To validate the effectiveness of this method in addressing MAGDM problems, a detailed example is conducted.
Smart Traffic Light Prototype Implementation using LoRa Technology
Authors: Lutfi Hadi Azizul Adry  , Muhammad Alif Najmi Ahmad Tarmizi  , Rafiza Ruslan  , Ahmad Yusri Dak  , Rashidah Ramle
Published: November 2023

Smart traffic light systems have the potential to significantly improve traffic flow and safety in both urban and suburban areas. Most smart traffic lights were deployed in a city with adequate infrastructure. However, building a smart traffic light in suburban areas can be challenging due to the limited availability of communication infrastructure. This paper aims to build and implement a smart traffic light system in a suburban area by incorporating LoRa (Long Range) technology for communication. LoRa is a low-power wireless technology that allows long-distance communication between devices and has low data rates and power consumption. It was created especially for Internet of Things (IoT) devices that run on batteries. The peer-to-peer method was used, which utilized three LoRa nodes for enabling the communication between traffic lights. Usability testing was conducted to determine the impact of the smart traffic light system on traffic flow and safety. The result of the testing shows that the system is necessary to improve traffic management in suburban areas, and the respondents were positive about its potential benefits. Received Signal Strength (RSS) was measured in two different environments: paddy field and residential areas in Kampung Alor Ara, Arau, Perlis. Results show a slight difference in RSS indicator versus distance for the placement of traffic lights in three-junction lanes. The optimum distance between any two traffic lights is 100m in the paddy field area. While for residential areas, the optimum distance is only 50m. The successful implementation of this prototype demonstrates the potential of LoRa technology in enhancing traffic management in suburban areas. Further research such as implementing artificial intelligence (AI) and utilizing advanced LoRa devices and antennas is needed to explore the scalability and long-term sustainability of the system.
Satellite attitude estimation in simulated non-Gaussian white noise using Particle Filter and Extended Kalman Filter
Authors: Hamzah Nor Hazadura , Teoh Vil Cherd  , Mohd Zamri Hasan  , Najah Ghazali
Published: November 2023

Extended Kalman filter (EKF) has been found as most widely used algorithm for state estimation due to its simplicity for implementation and theoretically attractive in the sense that minimizes the variance of the estimation error. Nevertheless it is known that EKF algorithm strictly assumed that the nature of the noise or errors in the system is Gaussian white noise. Yet, in real world this is not always true, which will lead to less accurate estimation.  However there is an estimation approach that does not require the assumption of a specific noise as EKF which is particle filter (PF), which hypothetically can provide more accurate estimation under non-Gaussian noise condition. Hence, this work will study and compare accuracy performance of both estimation algorithms in simulated non-Gaussian white noise for satellite attitude application.
Technical aspects of water supply and sewerage in Shkodër
Authors: Arrtunda Dajana
Published: November 2023

Water is a natural resource, with limited quantities and unevenly distributed in space and time. All forms of human life and activity are dependent on water. As is known today, one of the main challenges in the region and the world is the preservation and development of water resources as a basic element for life to cover the basic requirements for drinking, then for agriculture and industry. Shkodra has a hydrographic system “Shkodra Lake – Drin River – Buna River”, which collects the waters of a basin with a total area of 19,582 km2. This considerable catchment area, with high and rugged mountainous relief and abundant intense rainfall, with special lithological construction of the terrain, in the presence of permeable limestone formations makes it possible for the hydrographic network of this basin to stand out for high and quiet diverse hydric potential. This network includes Shkodra Lake, Drin, Bune, Kir, and Gjadër rivers. The study aims to improve water supply and increase the effectiveness and sustainability of services to the citizens who are included in the intervention areas, the provision of clean drinking water and the creation of a sanitary clean environment through the administration of polluted waters, against acceptable fees which cover, at least, the operating expenses. The expected results are a good performance of the CUs, ensuring the proper service and operation of the CUs, efficient water supply, and sewerage systems. Knowledge of the technical aspects of the CU Shkodër is necessary for citizens as it is directly related to the agent and the future of our children.
The Albanian Administrative Court System and its importance in resolving administrative disputes
Authors: Naumi Dritan
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this paper is to analyze importance of the Albanian Law 49/2012 on the Administrative Court System, increasing the efficiency of resolving disputes of an administrative nature. The activity carried out by the Administrative Courts constitutes an extremely valuable activity in the judicial system by providing justice in various administrative disputes that require a quick and efficient solution. The methodology that will mainly be used in this paper is the qualitative one, bringing to attention some court decisions and theoretical debates on the innovation of the Administrative Court System in Albania. The hypothesis and research question will show us the novelties brought about by the creation of this Courts as well as the actuality of its activity nowadays. The paper will also focus on the obstacles, difficulties, shortcomings as well as criticism during the beginning of the activity of the Administrative Courts, by taking into consideration their performance, efficiency, pros and cons since its creation.
Software development using design patterns
Authors: Kallja Aurela
Published: November 2023

Information systems have become an integral part of our lives. The demands for software that helps us accomplish our daily tasks are ever-increasing, considering the great technological momentum around the globe. Software engineering is the process of analyzing user requirements and designing and developing software applications. Each user request is a problem that an individual or a business has encountered in the daily work processes. The goal of software engineering is to provide an optimal and efficient solution to these problems to increase the overall productivity of employees in the respective industries and at the end of the day, to increase profits. Providing these solutions is no easy feat, as the problems are often complex and in addition to requiring careful analysis, they also need smart solutions. Fortunately, we have the ability to learn from experience and apply our knowledge in different contexts to achieve our goals. As in any field of life, problems have a recursive nature and it often happens that the same problem is encountered in different contexts. Naturally, we can think that similar problems have similar solutions. The set of solutions to general software design problems in a specific context constitutes what are called design patterns. Design patterns are structures of how some objects dialogue with each other to provide a specific solution to a problem. They are ready-made solutions to known problems, and the real challenge with them is not in their construction, but in the intuitive ability to associate a design problem with the corresponding pattern that offers the most optimal solution. This paper will deal with the development of an information system for an ATM Exchange system, which carries the functionalities of an ATM cash machine and exchange rate chart. The development of this software will be totally based on design patterns, more specifically the “Observer” pattern and “Chain of Responsibility” pattern. This paper aims to emphasize the advantages of using design patterns and highlight their potential to solve general problems in a specific context. It also focuses on software engineers, information systems developers, and software engineering students. This paper will serve as a manual of best software development practices, and emphasize the principles of flexibility and reusability of information systems development components.
Analíticas do sexo em Lacan
Authors: Cossi Rafael
Published: November 2023

Trata-se da resenha do livro O Outrossexo: não existe relação heterossexual. Seu autor, Jean Allouch, considera que se pode deduzir duas analíticas do sexo em Lacan, correspondentes a duas modalidades de inexistência da relação sexual. Allouch questiona o projeto lacaniano da escrita da não-relação –segunda analítica – que recorre aos recursos da teoria do nós, a partir do que se poderia depreender três incidências da inexistência: O Outro não existe, não existe o Outro gozo, a relação sexual não existe. Em paralelo a essa proposta, o autor apresenta três figuras da não relação sexual retiradas de Foucault – do mestre com os garotos, com as mulheres e com a esposa. O livro convida à reflexão crítica sobre uma eventual contribuição da erótica inferida pelos estudos de gênero para um erotismo característico da não-relação sexual –  e que seria uma forma inédita de abordar esse aforismo lacaniano.
Recognizing Friendly Preprint Servers and Indexation: SSRN First Look and Google Scholar Data base for Novice Researchers
Authors: Radiana Sonia Permata , Lee Kenan , Yandra Alexander , Filtri Heleni , Supasa Aprilia Yunda
Published: November 2023

In the era of Industry 4.0, marked by rapid technological advancements, the use of technology in academic disciplines is crucial. A significant aspect of this tech revolution is the rise of web-based preprint services and index databases, offering a direct avenue for researchers to share work without traditional peer review. This study investigates the adoption of preprint-based publication systems in Indonesian research, focusing on SSRN First Look and Google Scholar (GS) from novices researchers’ perspective in 3 based themes e.g., Benefit, Awareness, and Expectation. SSRN First Look has been vital in promoting open science, serving as a repository for diverse scientific documents. It excels in quickly and transparently disseminating research, especially beneficial for novice researchers. The research reveals the impact of SSRN First Look in facilitating the rapid sharing of research globally, including Indonesia. As an emerging force in open science, it has attracted substantial attention, underlining the growing role of preprint servers in modern academia. This survey intentionally invited 77 novice researchers who participated in a publication workshop affiliated with SSRN First Look and GS. The findings emphasize the positive impact of these platforms on the academic community, particularly novice researchers. As we advance further into the digital era, the role of preprint servers in accelerating research dissemination and promoting open scientific communication is indispensable.
Saúde do Idoso - Edição II
Authors: Barroso L. De Freitas Guilherme , Reder Custodio de Souza Ariádine , Maria Moura de Paulo Martins Vieira Egidia , Flávia Palhares Resende Ana
Published: November 2023

Com o envelhecimento da população que continua a crescer, nosso sistema de
saúde mudará para sempre. Estamos prontos para isso? As estimativas indicam que o
número de pessoas com 65 anos ou mais deve triplicar de 2010 até 2050, atingindo
aproxima
Assessing the Influence of Cultural Beliefs and Practices on Early Breastfeeding Initiation Rates in Rural Sarawak Communities, Malaysia
Authors: Nazli Ibrahim
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Early initiation of breastfeeding is crucial for infant health and survival. However, breastfeeding initiation rates remain suboptimal in rural Sarawak, Malaysia. This study aimed to assess the influence of cultural beliefs and practices on early breastfeeding initiation rates in these communities.
Methods: A mixed-methods study was conducted in two rural districts of Sarawak. Quantitative data were collected through a cross-sectional survey of 385 mothers with infants aged 0-6 months. Qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews with 20 mothers and 10 healthcare providers. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, logistic regression, and thematic analysis.
Results: Early breastfeeding initiation rates were 62.1%. Factors associated with early initiation included higher maternal education (OR=2.34, 95% CI: 1.12-4.89), positive attitudes towards breastfeeding (OR=3.18, 95% CI: 1.56-6.47), and support from healthcare providers (OR=2.87, 95% CI: 1.38-5.96). Cultural beliefs and practices, such as colostrum avoidance and delayed breastfeeding due to traditional rituals, were identified as barriers to early initiation.
Conclusion: Cultural beliefs and practices significantly influence early breastfeeding initiation rates in rural Sarawak. Interventions to promote early initiation should address these cultural factors and provide targeted support to mothers.
Exploring the Role of Inflammatory Cytokines and Oxidative Stress in Febrile Seizure Pathogenesis: A Case-Control Study in Mumbai, India
Authors: Lakshmi Srivanathan  , Saeed Khan
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Febrile seizures (FS) are the most common childhood seizure disorder, often causing parental anxiety and posing a challenge for healthcare professionals. While the exact pathogenesis remains unclear, recent research suggests a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, fever, and inflammatory processes. This study aimed to investigate the role of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers in FS pathogenesis among children in Mumbai, India.
Methods: A case-control study was conducted involving 100 children with FS (cases) and 100 age-matched febrile children without seizures (controls) admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai. Serum levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10) and oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde [MDA] and superoxide dismutase [SOD]) were measured and compared between the two groups.
Results: Children with FS exhibited significantly higher serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α (p<0.001 for all) compared to controls. Conversely, the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was significantly lower in the FS group (p<0.001). Furthermore, MDA levels were significantly elevated (p<0.001), while SOD levels were significantly decreased (p<0.001) in the FS group compared to controls.
Conclusion: This study provides evidence for the involvement of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress in FS pathogenesis. Elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers, coupled with decreased anti-inflammatory cytokine levels, suggest a dysregulated inflammatory response and impaired antioxidant defense mechanism in children with FS.
Application of quantitative methods for inventory forecasting in supply chains on the example of Leoni company
Authors: Janjić Ivana , Milošević Ivana , Milenković Anđela
Published: November 2023

In order to effectively manage the supply chain, it is important to effectively manage the inventory within it. The application of quantitative forecasting methods contributes to the accuracy and validity of forecasting and defining stock flows. The subject of this paper is to review the use of quantitative methods of inventory forecasting, namely exponential smoothing, adaptive filtering, the method of moving averages and regression analysis. The aim of the paper is to show inventory forecasting using the mentioned quantitative methods on the example of the company "Leoni Wiring System Prokuplje". The results of the research indicate that applied quantitative methods of forecasting in the supply chain provide reliable and accurate forecasts on the basis of which material orders can be defined in order to ensure the smooth functioning of production, on the example of the company "Leoni Wiring System Prokuplje".
The attitude of Greeks towards food waste
Authors: Pitoska Electra , Damianos Georgios
Published: November 2023

The subject of the present paper is an empirical study of the attitude and behaviour of Greek consumers on the issue of food waste. In March 2022 an empirical investigation was organized as a continuation of previous research on this issue. In order to conduct the research in a short time, the convenience research method was chosen. A structured questionnaire with cross-references from previous research (Pitoska & Grana 2021) was used to collect data. Finally, it seems that the issue of food waste is known in Greece but there are big limitations for informing consumers so the country will approach the European goals for reducing food waste.