bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Intricacies of Labour Management Practices in Nigeria: An Inquiry into the Relationships Between Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN) and University Trade Unions (ASUU)
Authors: Adamu Umar , Bappi Usman , Ibrahim Abdulkadir
Published: December 2024

Nigerian labour management practices involve the interactions between employers and employees within the work environment. These practices are shaped by various factors, including cultural influences, legal frameworks, economic conditions, and organizational structures. For more than three decades,1990 to date, ASUU-federal Government of Nigeria (FGN) have been engaged in prolonged industrial conflict over several issues of importance to the union especially, poor wages and conditions of services, under funding, infrastructural deficit, lack of autonomy and academic freedom. This study is set to discuss the Nigerian labour management practices focusing on the intricacies of implementing labour agreements in Nigeria with reference to ASUU in federal and state universities in Nigeria. The methodology involves a mixed-methods approach, encompassing a comprehensive review of existing literature, and employee relation theory was adopted for the theoretical underpinning of the study. The study revealed that poor funding of the university education; non-compliance to reached agreements after negotiations; refusal of union recognition in major decision making that concerns their welfare, poor conditions of service such as unconducive working environment, inadequate pay packages, poor welfare services, among others; poor and inconsistent payment of salaries and other emoluments such as delay in payment of salaries without a justifiable reason for such delay; failure to collective bargaining; political interference; as well as unpopular, No work No pay rule and harsh public policies exist in the labour relation between Federal government and ASUU. Therefore, labour crises in Nigeria higher education system need to be urgently addressed and checkmated, hence, the study recommended that collective bargaining has to be embedded within the concept of dialogue and all types of negotiation, consultation between, or among, representatives of government.
Participatory Budgeting in Nigeria's Local Government Budget Process: A Call for Reform
Authors: Maitala Ibrahim Saleh
Published: December 2024

Participatory budgeting is touted as one of the possible avenues for community participation in their affairs. Community participation in the local government budget processes enables the public opportunity to shape resource allocation and public service delivery at the Local Government level. Despite this participatory budgeting has not yet been entrenched within the local budget structure, with the details of participatory budgeting (PB) implementation in local government still mostly unknown. Using the framework by Krenjova and Raudla (2013), this study explores the imperative for citizen participation in budgetary processes and how it will facilitate effective budgetary governance in Nigeria. This is a qualitative study that relied on secondary data, such as textbooks, journals, official documents. The findings revealed that participatory budgeting at the Local Government level has remained only a theoretical concept. Poor adoption of PB at the local level has meant that the community’s inputs in determining their priorities are ignored. Hence, the study recommends the need to accommodate the various stakeholders at all the process of PB, as this has the potential to enhance legitimacy and trust as factors necessary to successful project delivery.
Mediating Role of Psychological Contract Violation in the Relationship Between Socially Responsible Human Resource Management Practices and Turnover Intentions Amongprivate Secondary School Teachers in Katsina State, Nigeria: A Conceptual Review
Authors: Badamasi Mustapha , Suleiman Abubakar Sadiq
Published: December 2024

Socially responsible human resource management is a facet of corporate social responsibility that focuses on the welfare of employees within an organization. The growing recognition of socially responsible human resource management has resulted in a surge of research highlighting its favorable impact on employee performance. Nevertheless, there remains a scarcity of empirical studies addressing socially responsible human resource management within emerging economies. This conceptual paper introduces a framework aimed at investigating the mediating role of psychological contract violation in the relationship between socially responsible human resource management and turnover intention among teachers employed by Private Secondary Schools in Katsina State. The paper presents two hypotheses: socially responsible human resource management is positively related to employee turnover intention; psychological contract violation mediates the relationship between socially responsible human resource management and employee turnover intention. This can guide future research efforts which should consider utilizing either a cross-sectional or longitudinal approach to draw conclusive evidence regarding how the independent variable directly and indirectly influences the dependent variable.
Assessment of the Effect of Tertiary Education Trust Fund (TETFUND) Intervention on Academic Staff Sponsorship for Higher Degrees in Kaduna State University
Authors: Abdullahi Aliyu , Salisu Shehu Jafaru , Yusuf Hamza Abdullahi , Lawal Abubakar
Published: December 2024

This paper assesses the effect of Tertiary Education Trust Fund (TETFund) intervention on Academic Staff Sponsorship for Higher Degrees in Kaduna State University. The need for an external intervention to compliment the effort of tertiary institutions in building their capacity in order to deliver their services effectively is paramount. This is as a result of the fact that running a tertiary institution of education of high quality requires huge capital and elaborate technical support which the proprietors of such institution may not have the wherewithal to execute such capital-intensive projects. The Kaduna State University was established under the Kaduna State Law Number 3 promulgated on 21st May, 2004. The promulgation was a consequence of the obvious and felt need to boost higher education in the State and the country in general. To achieve this objective, the Kaduna State University designed human resources policy and invested reasonable amounts of resources towards ensuring that both academic and non-academic staff are given training and development capable of building their capacity to enhanced service delivery. To complement this, TETFund intervened in many ways in the University through among other things the Academic Staff Sponsorship for Higher Degrees. Despite the intervention by TETFund, there havebeen a number of challenges facing academic staff capacity building in Kaduna State University as Pilot Study (Abdullahi, 2023) has revealed that a significant number of academic staff could not have access to TETFund Scholarship for Academic Staff (TSAS) to further their Postgraduate studies. The objective of this paper is to assess the effect of Tertiary Education Trust Fund (TETFund) intervention on Academic Staff Sponsorship for Higher Degrees. It was hypothesized that TETFund intervention does not have significant effect on sponsorship for higher degree of Academic Staff in Kaduna State University. Both primary and secondary data were collected and analyzed using Linear regression analysis of SPSS 20.0. It was found that TETFund intervention has a positive effect on sponsorship for higher degree of Academic Staff in Kaduna State University. It was therefore recommended that allocations for sponsorship for higher degrees component be increased by the Tertiary Education Trust Fund (TetFund) such that more academic staff would be trained to acquire higher degrees.
Communication as a Tool For Organisational Management (O.M): Empirical Evidence From Kano State Universal Education Board (SUBEB)
Authors: Mohammed Mubasshiru Salisu
Published: December 2024

Communication is one of the essential elements for achieving organizational effectiveness, growth, and sustainability. Several organizations around the world have been so much concerned about improving communication as it plays a critical role in planning, organizing and coordinating organizational activities. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of communication as a tool for effective organizational management with focus on Kano state universal education board. The paper used survey design in which both qualitative and quantitative methods were used. The study has a total population of 560 but Krejcie and Morgan (1970) was used to arrive at sample of 226. Data was obtained from both primary and secondary and was presented in tables and charts while the hypothesis was tested using regression analysis. It has been discovered that there is a strong positive relationship between communication and effective organizational management practices such as planning, organizing, decision making and coordination processes. Statistically, the finding shows that with p value of 0.000, communication has the capacity to bring 70.1% effectiveness in organizational management (O.M) under the KNSUBEB. It is therefore recommended that considering the key role that communication plays to organizational management, the KNSUBEB should develop effective communication channel that ensures smooth flow of communication upward and downward the organizational hierarchy.
Effect of Social Science Disciplines on the Academic Development of Public Administration
Authors: Adamu Isyaku , Ibrahim Nuhu Tukur
Published: December 2024

The relevance of social science disciplines in the academic development of Public Administration cannot be over-emphasized due to their crucial roles in the philosophical growth of Public Administration. The aim of this paper is to examine the effect of the social science discipline on the development of public administration, Human capital theory resurged in the 1960’s primarily through the work of American economists Theodore Schultz (1902-1998) and Gary Becker in early 1990. Adams Smith (1776) was considered for the study. This paper adopts a qualitative approach as it reviews data generated from secondary sources such as; textbooks and journal articles in the relevant disciplines, the paper also reveals that public administration has come of age and has come to stay as not only academic field of the study, but a social/management science all over the world. The findings of the paper show that public administration and other discipline are interrelated and intend to support academic development, also, there was no initial accreditation under the political science discipline or routine resource verification for public administration programme. The paper suggests routine resource verification for public administration programme and initial accreditation under the political science discipline as a first step. These will undoubtedly enhance the academic development of public administration
Cost-Utility Analysis of Add-on Cannabidiol vs Usual Care Alone for the Treatment of Seizures in Patients With Treatment-Resistant Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome or Dravet Syndrome in the Netherlands
Authors: Siddiqui Jamshaed , Bowditch Sally
Published: December 2024

Background: Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) and Dravet syndrome (DS) are severe, treatment-refractory, epileptic encephalopathies that often develop in infancy or early childhood. Since December 1, 2022, plant-derived highly purified cannabidiol (CBD) medicine (Epidyolex®; 100 mg/mL oral solution) has been reimbursed in the Netherlands for the adjunctive treatment of seizures associated with LGS or DS.

Objective: To estimate the cost-effectiveness of CBD plus usual care vs usual care alone in patients with LGS or DS in the Netherlands.

Methods: A cohort-based Markov model from a Dutch societal perspective, based on seizure frequency and seizure-free days, was developed for patients receiving CBD plus usual care (antiseizure medications, including clobazam) or usual care alone. Population characteristics, clinical inputs, and utility values were sourced from CBD clinical trials and quality-of-life studies. Drug acquisition, disease management, adverse events, and societal costs from published literature were included. A 2019/2020 price year in euros was used. The model used a mean dosage of 12 mg/kg/day, a lifetime (90-year) horizon, and a 3-month cycle length. Discount rates of 4.0% and 1.5% per annum were applied to costs and outcomes, respectively. Uncertainty was explored through deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses.

Results: In patients with LGS, CBD plus usual care led to additional costs of €28 338 and increased quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) of 1.318 compared with usual care alone. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of €21 493/QALY in LGS is below the willingness-to-pay threshold of €80 000/QALY in the Netherlands. In patients with DS, CBD plus usual care dominated usual care alone, with cost savings of €23 642 and increased QALYs of 0.868. The probability that CBD plus usual care is cost-effective in the Netherlands compared with usual care alone is 96% and 99% in patients with LGS and DS, respectively.

Discussion: Elicitation methods were used to address data gaps in model inputs (eg, healthcare resource utilization and utilities); Dutch clinical experts, sensitivity, and scenario analyses validated this approach.

Conclusions: Based on a willingness-to-pay threshold of €80 000, the base case cost-utility analysis demonstrated the cost-effectiveness of CBD plus usual care in patients with treatment-refractory LGS or DS aged 2 years or older in the Netherlands.
Positive legal liability as a product of scholastic theorizing
Authors: Mil'kov Aleksandr
Published: December 2024

The thesis is substantiated according to which the concept of positive legal liability is the result of scholastic theorizing, i.e. «theorizing for the sake of theorizing». Three features of scholastic theorizing are selected for analysis: polysemantic definitions, detachment from reality and pseudo-innovation, and it is shown that the concept of positive legal liability fully corresponds to these features. It is concluded that this concept is a variant of text-creation, i.e. the activity of creating new texts and introducing them into doctrinal circulation.
Legality or expediency? (based on the results of sociological research)
Authors: Minnikes Ilya
Published: December 2024

The sociology of law is one of the basic areas of legal research. Sociological methods make it possible to achieve results that cannot be achieved only by specially legal methods. Combining the methodological base leads to significant scientific results in conducting comprehensive research. Based on the results of five sociological studies conducted at different times and in different Russian regions, this article analyzes a number of problems that arise when making an illegal legally significant decision, in particular, the problem of the correlation between legality and expediency.
The forms and mechanism of implementation of the second right
Authors: Kramskoy Vadim
Published: December 2024

In this article, the author continues a series of studies on the existence of second rights in the Russian legal system in the context of various legal institutions and categories. In this case, these are the forms of realization of the right and the mechanism of realization of the right. Consistently analyzing the properties of secundary rights in the context of observance, execution, application and use of legal norms, the author argues that secundary law, as well as any other subjective right, can be realized only in two forms: in the form of use and in the form of application. In other words, the second right can be implemented both in a direct form, and only in an active form, and in law enforcement. Regarding the mechanism of realization of the second right, the article notes that it coincides in its content with the mechanism of realization of other subjective rights and covers three stages: the commission of a legal fact, the formation of a legal relationship, the realization of the right in the prescribed form. At the same time, an unconditional legally significant condition for the implementation of any second right is the legal composition, which includes the existence of a basic legal relationship and an act of implementation of the second right.
Mathematical Modeling and Forecasting of Music Popularity: an Overview of Approaches and Methods
Authors:   European University at Saint-Petersburg, Ukrainskii Konstantin V.
Published: December 2024

The article presents a comprehensive review of modern methods of study of musical compositions popularity, including statistical, temporal and connectionist approaches. Regression models with fixed effects, survival models, nonstationary Poisson processes and systems of Lotka-Volterra equations, as well as STL decomposition algorithms and neural networks (LSTM-RPA) are considered. Their advantages and limitations in analyzing the dynamics of listening, the influence of playlists and competitive interaction of genres are discussed. The main attention is paid to the analysis of their advantages and disadvantages in the context of the tasks set — forecasting long-term changes in the popularity of compositions, assessing the impact of playlists and the dynamics of genre competition. On the basis of the analysis, the author concludes that the use of LSTM-RPA models is the most effective for forecasting due to their ability to minimize errors accumulation. The author contribution is in proposition of a new approach: the adaptation of hybrid methodology combining neural network models and time series for taking into account contextual factors such as influence of social trends and marketing activity that can significantly increase the versatility and accuracy of the forecasts.
KOMODIFIKASI ADZAN MAGRIB RAMADAN KARTUN UPIN-IPIN DI MNC TV
Authors: Wibowo Ganjar , Saefuddin Bunnaya
Published: December 2024

Through the media political economy approach, this study reveals how the commodification performed on impressions insertion  Adzan Maghrib  animation Upin Ipin in the month of Ramadan which took place in Station Media Nusantara Citra Televisi (MNCTV) Jakarta. The results showed that the commodification shows inset Adzan Maghrib Ramadan took place behind the ideology of the political economy of the media. Commodification of the Adzan Maghrib Ramadan Upin-Ipin animation study of content, workers and audiences. Outside Ramadan Adzan Maghrib a regular insertion program but during Ramadan maghrib call to prayer was turned into a privileged, by the media workers trafficked profit even doubled. This study uses a critical paradigm with a qualitative approach. In the process of commodification of the Adhan maghrib animation Upin-Ipin Ramadan  the practice of trade transactions and multiple profits involving elements, content of workers and the audience.
Pengaruh Intensitas penggunaan instagram terhadap eksistensi diri pada siswa siswi SMK
Authors: Fadzilah Ishmah Nur , Bahriyah Euis Nurul , Tambunan Resman M , Faaroek Safiani A
Published: December 2024

Instagram merupakan media sosial yang banyak diminati para remaja. Hal ini dikarenakan instagram lebih fokus pada foto dan video dibandingkan dengan media sosial lainnya. Hal ini memuncukan eksistensi pada setiap pengguna akun instagram lewat foto dan video yang menarik. Terdapat dalah satu faktor eksistensi diri yaitu angka pada akun instagram pengguna. Oleh karena itu hal ini menjadi latar belakang peneliti untuk meneliti. Pada penelitian ini teori yang digunakan yaitu sirkular teori. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh intensitas penggunaan instagram terhadap eksistensi diri pada siswa-siswi SMK Telkom Jakarta. Variabel Independen penelitian ini yaitu intensitas penggunaan instagram, variabel dependen penelitian ini adalah eksistensi diri. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada siswa-siswi di SMK Telkom Jakarta yang aktif menggunakan aplikasi instagram. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 90 responden dengan teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu Formula Slovin. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dan metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah survei dengan menggunakan teknik Analisis Regresi Linear Sederhana.

 

Hasil pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa intensitas penggunaan instagram berpengaruh secara positif dan kurang signifikan terhadap eksistensi diri, hal ini dapat dilihat dari pengolahan data, angka signifikansi menunjukkan sebesar 0,000 yang berarti < 0,05, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa intensitas penggunaan instagram berpengaruh terhadap eksistensi diri. Atau Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak. Untuk nilai koefisien determinasi (RSquare) sebesar 0,253 yang mengandung pengertian bahwa pengaruh Intensitas penggunaan instagram terhadap Eksistensi diri adalah sebesar 25,3%, yang berarti termasuk dalam pengaruh kategori rendah.
PENGARUH ONLINE CUSTOMER REVIEW TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PRODUK BODY LOTION SCARLETT WHITENING MELALUI E-COMMERCE SHOPEE @SCARLETTOFFICIALSHOP PADA MASYARAKAT KOTA CILEGON
Authors: Bella Bella , Mardiana Siska , Pitasari Dwi Nurina
Published: December 2024

The background of this research is the emergence of e-commerce which is one of the causes of a shift in people's behavior that prefers shopping online, especially in Cilegon City who buy scarlett whitening body lotion through shopee @scarlettofficialshop. Online customer reviews on the shopee application @scarlettoffcialshop provide information about scarlett whitening body lotion products. The purpose of this study was to determine the presence and extent of the influence of online customer reviews at shopee @scarlettofficialshop on purchasing decisions for scarlett whitening body lotion products in Cilegon City. This study uses the elaboration likelihood model theory. This research approach uses a quantitative approach, and uses survey methods, the population of this study is the city of Cilegon as many as 450,271 people. The sample taken in this study was 400 respondents. The data analysis technique used is the classical assumption test, instrument test, simple linear regression analysis, determination coefficient, hypothesis testing. The results of this study can be seen that there is a positive and significant influence between online customer review variables and purchasing decision variables. And shows the value of Tcount > Ttable, namely 22.284 > 1.965, with a significance level of 0.000 <0.05. So it can be seen that there is a positive and significant influence between variable X (Online Customer Review) and variable Y (Purchasing Decision).
Strategi Government Public Relations oleh Dinas Sosial DKI Jakarta (Studi Pada Akun @pusdatinkesosdki Dalam Memberi Sosialisasi Mengenai Data Terpadu Kesejahteraan Sosial (DTKS)
Authors: Ghiffari Faiz
Published: December 2024

The implementation of Government Public Relations (GPR) in the Integrated Social Welfare Data Program (DTKS) in Petukangan Utara Subdistrict is an important step to increase the effectiveness of the program. DTKS, a government initiative to integrate data on beneficiaries of social welfare programs, aims to ensure that aid is distributed on target. In this context, GPR plays a key role in conveying information, overcoming misperceptions, and encouraging community participation. Delivering clear information through public information campaigns, dialogue forums and mass media is an important strategy in implementing GPR. By establishing partnerships with the media, the government can voice the aspirations of the community while providing accurate information. Training and mentoring are also important in ensuring that the community can make good use of DTKS data.
Shadow employment in times of war: main factors and possibilities of their elimination
Authors: Storonyanska Iryna Z. , Benovska Liliya Ya. , Vovk Rostyslav O.
Published: December 2024

If the attempt to avoid taxation was the main reason for shadow employment in the country before the war, mobilization became a pretext for official employment due to the full-scale invasion, leading to the destabilization of the labor market. The purpose of the article is to study the main factors of the functioning of shadow employment in the conditions of the unfolding of the full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war and to determine possible ways of their elimination. A systematic methodical approach in combination with methods of statistical research was used in the process of carrying out scientific research to realize its goal. The article analyzes the trends in the labor market in wartime conditions and reveals that the ratio of vacancies and resumes has reached a critical level - one to one, which indicates an acute shortage of personnel. The authors tested and confirmed the hypothesis that the attempt to avoid mobilization is the main reason for shadow employment. For this purpose, the data on the number of created individual entrepreneurs and concluded civil law contracts were analyzed by gender. The influence of the tax burden and shadow employment is examined, in particular, foreign experience and innovations of the draft Law on Amendments to the Tax Code of Ukraine regarding the peculiarities of taxation during the period of martial law are analyzed. Possible ways of reducing the risks of shadow employment are identified, namely: filling the budget through revision of the system of collecting and administering personal income tax (at the taxpayer’s place of residence) and transferring the powers to administer local taxes and fees to local governments. The possibilities and problems of the transition to the system of personal income tax deduction based on the taxpayer’s place of residence are analyzed. The transition process is slowed down by the need to attract additional financial resources, the need to establish interdepartmental coordination, and discrepancies between the actual and officially registered place of residence.
Institutional component of public diplomacy
Authors: Khomenska Inna V.
Published: December 2024

The article substantiates the role of public diplomacy in modern international relations. The necessity of establishing institutional frameworks for public diplomacy is argued, and the main features of institutionalization are highlighted. Characteristics that reflect the institutional nature of Ukrainian public diplomacy are proposed. The main laws, by-laws, strategies, and regulations that form the institutional component of Ukraine’s public diplomacy are analyzed. The article confirms that the Constitution of Ukraine defines the institutional component of foreign policy and diplomacy in general. The main principles of foreign policy (in the context of public diplomacy) are analyzed in accordance with the legislation. An analysis of the Resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine and Decrees of the President of Ukraine regulating activities in the field of public diplomacy is carried out. The role of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine in coordinating public diplomacy, its tasks, and changes in activities in response to challenges and the need to strengthen Ukraine’s image on the international stage are determined. The role of public diplomacy in strengthening information support and enhancing Ukraine’s international image is revealed. The prerequisites that led to the creation of the Public Diplomacy Department within the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine, which includes the Cultural Diplomacy Division, are identified. The main provisions of the Concept for Promoting Ukraine in the World and Advancing its Interests in the Global Information Space approved in 2016 are analyzed. The role of the Ukrainian Institute in the development of Ukraine’s public diplomacy is revealed. The role of Ukraine NOW in the institutionalization of Ukraine’s public diplomacy is confirmed. The role of Ukraine’s Public Diplomacy Strategy 2021¬–2025, which became the main initiative of public diplomacy and the Communication Strategy, is revealed. The main directions of public diplomacy according to the Public Diplomacy Strategy are highlighted. The role of Ukraine’s Information Security Strategy in public diplomacy is determined. The challenges for Ukraine’s public diplomacy, especially after Russia’s full-scale invasion in 2022, are identified. The new role of public diplomacy and the peculiarities of opening the Ukrainian Institute representations outside Ukraine are substantiated.
Hubungan Penggunaan Gurita Dengan Frekuensi Gumoh Pada Bayi 0-4 Minggu Di Wilayah Kerja UPTD Puskesmas Jeumpa Kabupaten Bireun
Authors: Ismiati Ismiati
Published: December 2024

Menurut laporan Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia (IDAI) tahun 2022 terdapat sekitar 70 persen bayi berumur di bawah 4 bulan mengalami gumoh dengan frekuensi minimal 1 kali sehari. Gumoh pada bayi dapat disebabkan karena berbagai hal salah satunya akibat dari pemakaian gurita yang membuat perut bayi tertekan sehingga menyebabkan keluarnya cairan yang berada di lambung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan penggunaan gurita dengan frekuensi gumoh pada bayi usia 0-4 minggu di Wilayah Kerja UPTD Puskesmas Jeumpa Kabupaten Bireun. Penelitian ini berjenis kuantitatif dengan metode deskriptif korelasi menggunakan rancangan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh bayi usia 0-4 minggu di Wilayah Kerja UPTD Puskesmas Jeumpa Kabupaten Bireun sebanyak 133 bayi dan sampel sebanyak 57 responden menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Analisa data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar bayi 0-4 minggu diberikan pemakaian gurita sebanyak 37 bayi (64,9%). Sebagian besar bayi 0-4 minggu mengalami frekuensi gumoh >4 kali dalam sehari sebanyak 31 bayi (54,4%). Ada hubungan penggunaan gurita dengan frekuensi gumoh pada bayi 0-4 minggu dengan nilai p-value 0,001 (p<0,05). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah ada hubungan penggunaan gurita dengan frekuensi gumoh pada bayi usia 0-4 minggu di Wilayah Kerja UPTD Puskesmas Jeumpa Kabupaten Bireun. Diharapkan bagi para ibu untuk tidak menggunakan gurita pada bayi dengan tujuan untuk mengurangi kejadian gumoh pada bayi. Tetapi jika tetap harus memakaikan gurita karena tradisi maka bias menggunakan gurita kepada bayi secara longgar sehingga tidak akan menekan dinding perut bayi yang mengakibatkan gumoh.
Perbandingan Kadar Hemoglobin Menggunakan POCT (Point Care Of Testing) dengan Alat Hematology Analyzer Pada Pasien Normal dan Anemia
Authors: Fauzi Anggi , Novilla Arina , Ningrum Nining Ratna , Herawati Iis
Published: December 2024

Di laboratorium pemeriksaan hemoglobin merupakan salah satu pemeriksaan skrining, penggunaan alat bervariasi salah satunya adalah menggunakan POCT. Alasan penggunaan alat ini karena  lebih efisien dibanding hematology analyzer, seperti pengerjaannya lebih mudah karena POCT biasanya bersifat portabel, sehingga bisa digunakan di berbagai lokasi tanpa perlu membawa sampel ke laboratorium pusat sehingga POCT bisa dijadikan alternatif pada kondisi tertentu. Alat POCT biasanya lebih murah untuk dibeli awalnya karena ukurannya yang kecil dan teknologi yang lebih sederhana. Tujuan penelitian ini membandingkan kadar hemoglobin yang diukur memakai  alat Point of Care Testing (POCT) dan Hematology Analyzer pada pasien dengan kondisi normal, anemia sedang, dan anemia berat. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian komparatif dengan desain cross sectional. Besaran sampel digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 40 pasien dibagi secara proporsional menjadi 20 pasien dengan kadar hemoglobin normal, 10 pasien dengan anemia sedang dan 10 pasien dengan anemia berat. Hasil penelitian rerata kadar hemoglobin kategori normal pada POCT adalah 14,37 mg/dL, sedangkan pada hematology analyzer adalah 13,95 mg/dL. Rerata kadar hemoglobin kategori anemia sedang pada POCT adalah 9,45 mg/dL, sedangkan pada hematology analyzer adalah 8,77 mg/dL. Rerata kadar hemoglobin kategori anemia berat pada POCT adalah 6,42 mg/dL, sedangkan pada hematology analyzer adalah 5,82 mg/dL. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa hasil uji Independent t-test ketiga kategori didapat nilai p value >0,05 menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan signifikan pengukuran kadar hemoglobin  menggunakan POCT dengan hematology analyzer.
Kata Kunci: Point of Care Testing, Hematology Analyzer, Anemia
Antibakteri α-Mangostin Ekstrak Garcinia mangostana L. terhadap Spesies Staphylococcus aureus dari Isolat Klinik
Authors: Permana Atna , Zuraida  , Susanti Ellis
Published: December 2024

Infeksi yang disebabkan oleh Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) menjadi tantangan besar dalam dunia medis karena resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik konvensional. Akibatnya, pengobatan alternatif diperlukan, salah satunya adalah penggunaan bahan alami yang memiliki sifat antibakteri. Studi ini menyelidiki sifat antibakteri α-mangostin ekstrak kulit buah manggis ( Garcinia mangostana L.) terhadap S. aureus dalam isolat klinik.
Untuk mengetahui seberapa efektif antibakteri α-mangostin, penelitian ini menggunakan uji dilusi atau uji minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Menurut hasil penelitian, α-mangostin memiliki aktivitas antibakteri yang signifikan terhadap isolat klinik S. aureus, dengan MIC 3.261 ug/mL, sementara MIC amoxicillin adalah 104.375 ug/mL. MIC menunjukkan bahwa, pada konsentrasi rendah, α-mangostin dapat menghentikan pertumbuhan S. aureus. Sedangkan hasil kombinasi menunjukan reduksi yang bermakna yaitu ekstrak kulit buah manggis 0.815 ug/mL dan amoxicillin 26.093 ug/mL.
Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah α-mangostin dari ekstrak manggis (Garcinia mangostana L) dapat berfungsi sebagai antibakteri alami yang dapat menghentikan pertumbuhan S. aureus dan dapat menjadi solusi dalam  eradikasi penyakit  infeksi bakteri yang resisten terhadap antibiotik.
ЗАСОБИ КРИМІНАЛІСТИЧНОЇ ПРОФІЛАКТИКИ У КРИМІНАЛЬНИХ ПРОВАДЖЕННЯХ ЩОДО ШАХРАЙСТВА У СФЕРІ Е-КОМЕРЦІЇ
Authors: Коба В. Б.
Published: December 2024

Висвітлено профілактичні заходи, які безпосередньо здійснює слідчий, зокрема у процесі забезпечення кримінального провадження, проведення окремих слідчих (розшукових) дій, а також тактичних операцій. Наголошено на значенні експертної профілактики, а також профілактичних заходах інформаційно-виховного і віктимологічного характеру тощо. Акцентовано на нагальній потребі створення механізму оперативного реагування на шахрайство у сфері комерційної діяльності через блокування активів шахрайських компаній і зупинення їхньої діяльності. Під час дослідження застосовано такі методи наукового пізнання: формально-логічний, функціональний, системний, статистичний, метод синтезу. Наукова новизна полягає в обґрунтуванні необхідності запровадження функціонування єдиної автоматизованої системи, яка в разі підозрілих дій автоматично спрямовує запит до банківських установ, де встановлюється факт транзакції та відстежується подальший рух коштів до кінцевого рахунку / банківської картки, на яку перераховано кошти, з одночасним блокуванням рахунків. Крім того, запропоновано спеціальні заходи криміналістичної профілактики. Виокремлено складник концепції профілактики онлайн-шахрайства – системну діяльність підрозділів кіберполіції з моніторингу соціальних мереж і медіа. Зосереджено увагу на використанні можливостей інформаційних ресурсів Національної поліції України, у якій створена і тривалий час функціонує система відділів комунікації, які співпрацюють із регіональними та всеукраїнськими медіа, мають власні сайти, вебсторінки в соціальних мережах, виробляють власний аудіовізуальний контент і виявляють високу активність в інших медіа, зокрема й у соціальних мережах та електронних медіа. Практична значущість дослідження полягає в тому, що розроблені пропозиції можуть стати основою методичних рекомендацій щодо застосування заходів криміналістичної профілактики під час розслідування шахрайства у сфері е-комерції.
The effectiveness of fire detection with convolutional neural networks
Authors: TATKO Sebastian , MAZUR Michał
Published: December 2024

The article presents problems related to the detection of fire phenomena using convolutional neural network techniques. The main issue described in the article focuses on determining the precision of flame detection depending on lighting conditions and the selection of CNN architecture. The types of neural networks tested are primarily SSD architectures, which, with their speed of operation and energy consumption, are the most common in mobile applications. The study shows which of the neural network architectures used have the highest average precision in detecting the fire phenomenon. The selection of networks under testing was analyzed in terms of the speed of the algorithm and its precision. Four pre-trained neural network models were used during the testing of two training bases. The complexity of each model directly affected the training time of the model, which oscillated between 2-8 [h], and the precision achieved.
Electromagnetic radiation attenuation materials
Authors: KARCZ Kacper , CZWARTOS Joanna , SITKIEWICZ Andrzej , MIERCZYK Zygmunt
Published: December 2024

The shielding electromagnetic (EM) waves is a very important field of the electronics, telecommunications and IT industries. The phenomenon of electromagnetic interference (EMI) can be a source of interference in electronic systems, which can both disrupt the operation of systems and provide a breach to intercept the flow of classified information. Hence, it is necessary to shield electronic and IT systems to prevent the coupling of circuits and prevent the monitoring of data emitted in the form of electromagnetic waves. An additional threat resulting from the EMI phenomenon is the possibility of inducing high voltages and currents in circuits that may temporarily or permanently damage electronic systems as a result of high-power electromagnetic pulses. Examples of sources of high-power impulses can be, for example, atmospheric discharges, gasoline engine ignition systems, electrostatic discharges, solar discharges, cosmic rays and military hardware, such as electromagnetic directed energy weapons.
The paper will present the results of research carried out as part of interdisciplinary projects related to security threats to ICT systems in the area of critical infrastructure.
Effects of Maize Lethal Necrosis (MLN) Disease on Maize Output and Food Security Among Smallholder Farmers in Bomet County, Kenya
Authors: Rono Patrick Kibet
Published: December 2024

Maize is one of the leading cereals produced and consumed in Kenya and is very vital to food security. In the recent past, maize production has encountered many problems including poor input use, drought, pests, and diseases. Maize production in Kenya has been particularly devastated by Maize Lethal Necrosis (MLN), a viral disease which unexpectedly infested the maize crops in 2011. The disease has caused major economic and social losses to maize farmers and has spread to other neighbouring countries. Data on 3368 households was collected using a two-stage stratified cluster sampling method. The estimation procedure involves the use of propensity score matching to determine the effect of MLN on household food security and maize output. The results of this study indicate that MLN disease reduces household food security by about 16.6 percent, while it reduces maize output by about 10 (90 kgs.) bags per acre. The study therefore recommends that the government and stakeholders design appropriate policies for restoring plant health which include maize-resistant varieties, training of smallholder farmers on good agronomic practices and growing of alternative crops in order to break the disease cycle thus ensuring food security
The Conceptual Model of Dendroflora Introduction in the Northern Latitudes of the Russian Plain
Authors:   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Babich Nikolay A. , Zalyvskaya Olga S. , Aleksandrova Yulia V. , Gaevskiy Nikolay P. , Popkova Irina A. , Karbasnikova Elena B. ,   Vologda State Dairy Farming Academy named after N.V. Vereshchagin
Published: December 2024

The increasing of the socio-aesthetic significance of urban green spaces, especially in the formation of a rigid urbanized human habitat, initiates the development of the theoretical foundations of stepwise introduction in the northern direction. The aim of the research has been to generalize the regional features of the introduction of dendroflora species in the conditions of the European North of Russia. The methodological basis has been the works of specialists in the field of forest introduction, including Northern introducers F.B. Orlov, P.M. Malakhovets, V.N. Nilov, N.A. Demidova, O.S. Zalyvskaya, E.B. Karbasnikova et al. The results of the research have both theoretical and practical significance and are an integral part of the general theory of step-by-step introduction in the northern direction. In the process of many years of research and generalization of the experience of spontaneous introduction, an original working hypothesis of the stepwise introduction of woody plants in northern natural and climatic conditions has been formed and developed: for the urban environment, the presence of a special microclimate (heat island) is generally recognized and this microclimatic resource is sufficient for the successful naturalization of some species of dendroflora despite the introduction stress. The results of the work of the oldest introduction centres in the European North are briefly described. An algorithm and a regional strategy for the development of research of the introduction process of dendroflora species in the conditions of the North are presented. A conceptual scheme for the introduction testing of dendroflora species in the conditions of the northern latitudes of the Russian Plain has been proposed. There are 4 stages of acclimatization and 3 stages of naturalization. A number of scales have been developed that contribute to the improvement and optimization of introduction tests, and the assessment of sanitary, hygienic and social functions performed by introduced species of dendroflora. The richness of species diversity of urban dendroflora, new to northern conditions, is a good breeding base for further introduction tests and a scientific basis for predicting the success of the stepwise introduction of many valuable woody and shrub species to northern latitudes.
Variability of Anatomical Characteristics of the Wood of Mountain Ash (Sorbus aucuparia L.) in the Conditions of the North Caucasus
Authors:   Kh. Ibragimov Complex Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, UmarovƗ Mukhadi U. , Umarov Ruslan M. , Chavchavadze Evgenia S. ,   Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Romanova Veronika O. , Shchekalev Roman V. ,   Saint Petersburg State Forest Technical University named after S.M. Kirov
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of a study of the structure of the wood of mountain ash (Sorbus aucuparia L.) in the mountains of the North Caucasus. The direction of adaptive changes occurring in the elements of the secondary xylem of the plant at various heights, including extreme ones, is shown. The conclusions of a number of studies have been confirmed that the basic reaction of mountain ash with an increase in altitude and a decrease in growing capacity, as well as an increasе in the intensity of transpiration, is a decrease in plant size and a narrowing of the annual growth of the stem in diameter. At the same time, a number of quantitative changes occur in the wood itself, mainly aimed at optimizing the water-transporting function. With increasing altitude, as water supply conditions become more stringent, maintaining normal water balance is achieved by narrowing the diameters of vessels and increasing their number per unit area. The increase in the total area of the pores occurs due to an increase in the number of narrow, single vessels. The quantitative anatomical changes established during the study are adaptive in nature. In the storage parenchyma of wood, there is an increase in the density and linear dimensions of the rays. The volume of the radial parenchyma at a relatively constant average ply value occurs due to an increase in the height of the cells composing the ray. It is noted that sufficient water balance and enrichment of Sorbus aucuparia wood with living cells of the axial and radial parenchyma increases the viability and plasticity of the entire organism, covers the energy costs for reparation processes, and also stimulates the possibility of vegetative reproduction in conditions unfavorable for seed renewal. A significant range of fluctuations in the quantitative characteristics of mountain ash wood elements increases its adaptive capabilities, helping it to occupy a variety of ecological niches in nature, as evidenced by the wide range of this species.
The Fatty Acid Composition and the Activity of Acyl-Lipid Desaturases in the Buds of Silver Birch in Winter-Spring Period in Karelia and Yakutia
Authors:   Forest Research Institute of Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vetchinnikova Lidia V. , Titov Alexander F. ,   Institute of Biology of Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tatarinova Tatiana D. ,   Institute of Biological Problems of the Cryolithozone, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2024

The dynamics of the fatty acid composition and activity of acyl-lipid desaturases contained in the buds of silver birch Betula pendula Roth have been studied. The places of growth of this tree are located in contrasting natural and climatic conditions: at the same latitude – 62° N, but are separated from each other by more than 5 thousand km in the longitudinal direction – 34° E (the vicinity of Petrozavodsk) and 130° E (the vicinity of Yakutsk). It has been found that, regardless of the place of growth, in the spring-winter period, the total lipids of the buds of silver birch have been characterized by a high content of unsaturated fatty acids. At the same time, significant differences have been revealed in the composition of mono-, di- and trienoic fatty acids, the dynamics of which have largely depended on both the phase of winter-spring plant development and the degree of continentality of the climate. It has been shown that in Karelia, during the exogenous dormancy period (January–March), an increased content of dienoic fatty acids is observed in the lipids of the buds of silver birch, and by the beginning of their breaking (April–May) – trienoic fatty acids, whereas in Yakutia in the winter-spring period monoenoic and dienoic fatty acids steadily prevail. At the same time, a high activity of ω6- and ω3-desaturases (responsible for the synthesis of linoleic С18:2 and С18:3 fatty acids) has been detected in the lipids of the buds of silver birch growing in Karelia, and ω9-desaturase (catalyzing the synthesis of oleic С18:1 fatty acid) in Yakutia. It has been suggested that in permafrost conditions there is a relationship between the expression of genes controlling the formation of ω9-acyl-lipid desaturase and the resistance of the tissues of primordial organs during their intra-bud development to negative temperatures not only of the air, but also of the root-inhabited soil layer. The authors believe that the features identified in the composition of total lipids in the buds of silver birch in Yakutia compared to Karelia can be considered as one of the additional mechanisms that increase the adaptive potential of the species in permafrost conditions and allowing the representatives of the genus Betula L. to expand their area to the northern limit of the distribution of woody vegetation.