bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Time-Independent Plasticity Formulated by Inelastic Differential of Free Energy Function
Authors: Yang Qiang , Li Chaoyi , Liu Yaoru
Published: March 2021

The authors presented a time-independent plasticity approach, where a typical plastic-loading process is viewed as an infinitesimal state change of two neighboring equilibrium states, and the yield and consistency conditions are formulated based on the conjugate forces of the internal variables. In this paper, a stability condition is proposed, and the yield, consistency, and stability conditions are reformatted by the inelastic differential form of the Gibbs free energy. The Gibbs equation in thermodynamics with internal variables is a representation to the differential form of the Gibbs free energy by a single Gibbs free energy function. In this paper, we propose the so-called extended Gibbs equation, where the differential form may be represented by multiple potential functions. Various associated and nonassociated plasticity with a single or multiple yield functions can be derived from various representations based on the reformulated approach, where yield and plastic potential functions are in the form of inelastic differentials of the potential functions. The generalized Drucker inequality can only be derived from the one-potential representation as a stability condition. For a multiple-potential representation, the stability condition can be ensured if the multiple potentials are concave functions and possess the same stationary point.
Modest Dualism and Individuation of Mind
Authors: Mazarian Alireza
Published: March 2021

A persistent tradition in metaphysics of mind insists that there is a substantial difference between mind and body. Avicenna’s numerous arguments, for a millennium, have encouraged the view that minds are essentially immaterial substances. In the first part, I redesign and offer five versions of such arguments and then I criticize them. First argument (indivisibility) would be vulnerable in terms of two counterexamples. Second argument (universals) confuses existence with location. Third argument (bodily tools) is less problematic than the first two, though I will say a few words about why it may also not be convincing. Fourth argument (infinity) may not support substance dualism, because, I think, abundance is very different from infinity. Fifth argument (senescence) depends on empirically incorrect premises. Hence, it seems that no Avicennian argument can reasonably save substance dualism.
Holism Resurfacing: How Far Should We Go With It?
Authors: Ujvári Márta
Published: March 2021

The recent holistic trends in metaphysics are surveyed here and a tentative typology is offered. The non-linear mode of composition is suggested as the key feature of holism, apart from its familiar non-reductionism and emergentism. It is argued that those holistic views are promising that refrain from extreme relationalism based on the denial of there being self-subsistence particulars; also, those refraining from the postulation of an unarticulated all-embracing whole where both relations and terms are denied to be genuine ontological items. The further suggestion is that a trade-off between the holistic perspective and the limits imposed upon it in the form of built-in confinements may help in making this metaphysics go.
Merocyanine dyes
Authors: Mustroph Heinz
Published: March 2021

Merocyanine dyes belong to the class of neutral polymethine dyes, where one terminal component is typically found in cyanine dyes and the second obtained from an active methylene compound. The different electron acceptor/donator abilities of the two terminal components have a marked impact on the electronic structure of a merocyanine dye and its equilibrium structure and electronic spectra. Their first technical application was spectral sensitization in silver halide photography. Today they have numerous of applications in textile dyeing and as membrane potential sensitive fluorescent dyes.
Utility of Back-Off Sets: An Overview
Authors: Rodriguez Juan , Hanney William J. , Kolber Morey J. , Cheatham Scott
Published: March 2021

Back-off sets or down sets are a training paradigm that use an initial heavy loaded set followed by a subsequent rest period and a planned load reduction. Back-off sets are a way to maintain or increase training volume through a load reduction for subsequent sets. By reducing load, a desired number of repetitions can be achieved as opposed to a reduction in volume that would occur if a consistent load was maintained. Back-off sets have been shown to allow completion of a greater training volume which may be in part due to a potentiation effect. The use of back-off sets help to reduce the necessary length of interset rest periods. Back-off set utility may be influenced by factors including but not limited to training goals, training age, exercise type, protocol individualization, loading strategy, load-reduction strategy, and autoregulation. This discussion aims to provide an overview of the integration of back-off sets within resistance training programs by examining previous research and providing a synopsis of the variables that impact the efficacy of this strategy.
Quality of Life in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Franek Grażyna , Bieniak Marzena , Cieślik Aleksandra
Published: March 2021

Introduction. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an incurable demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (c.n.s.). The chronic nature of this disease causes deterioration of the physical, mental, emotional and social condition of patients, which significantly reduces their quality of life.Aim. The aim of the study was to determine the quality of life of patients with multiple sclerosis.Material and Methods. The study involved 100 patients with multiple sclerosis, associated in support groups operating in the Silesian voivodeship. Among the respondents were 77 women and 23 men. The FAMS questionnaire — version 4 (Functional Assessment of Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life Instrument) was chosen to measure the quality of life of patients with multiple sclerosis. The obtained research material was subjected to a statistical analysis, using the statistical package STATISTICA v12 for calculations. In order to calculate the variables, the following measures were used: arithmetic mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, asymmetry coefficient, kurtosis coefficient, Person linear correlation coefficient, Spearman rank correlation coefficient.Results. The average results of all subscales of the FAMS questionnaire-version 4 in the examined group reached the value of 111.1 points; that is, a satisfactory level (65% of all respondents), in the absence of bad assessments, and 35% of good grades. The result is at the second level of quality of life, in the numerical range of 58–117 points. The lowest scores were recorded in the “Mobility” subscale (14.39 points), and the highest in “Other ailments” (36.77 points). Strong correlations were found between the FAMS score and individual subscales. As the subscale score increased, the FAMS score increased, and the higher the score, the better the quality of life of MS patients. The higher the respondent’s age, the lower the FAMS results, while the one-way treatment process — either pharmacology or rehabilitation — does not improve the quality of life, only integrated actions increase the quality of life of patients with MS. In the case of a form of the disease — a primary progressive and primary progressive form with exacerbations affect the quality of life of patients with MS.Conclusions. Most MS patients assessed their quality of life as satisfactory, in the absence of bad and with one-third of good scores. The existence of links between the FAMS results and all subscales indicates that the higher the subscales rated, the higher the FAMS result, i.e. the better quality of life of MS patients. Gender does not determine the quality of life of the respondents, while age, the form of the disease and the type of treatment affect the quality of life. (JNNN 2019;8(3):95–101)
Rare Diseases in Neurology — Caring for a Patient with Pompe’s Disease
Authors: Roszmann Anna , Hamerski Mikołaj , Skrzypek-Czerko Marcelina
Published: March 2021

Introduction. Pompe disease, a severe metabolic myopathy, is caused by mutations in the gene coding for acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA), what lead to intralysosomal accumulation of glycogen in all tissues, most notably in skeletal muscles. Pompe disease was the first documented lysosomal storage disease, nowadays we know around 60 similar disorders.Aim. Presentation of the clinical picture of a man with Pompe’s disease.Case Report. A man at the age of 40, diagnosis of the Pompe’s disease was made only at the age of 31. The first symptoms, indicating the patient’s development of the disease, were already present in the early school age. At first, the clinical picture presented by the patient led to the diagnosis of muscular dystrophy.Discussion. Pompe disease presents as a continuum of clinical phenotypes that differ by age of onset, severity, and organ involvement. Pompe disease affects people of all ages with varying degrees of severity. Two main broad types are recognized based on the onset of symptoms and the presence or absence of cardiomyopathy. Infantile onset Pompe disease (IOPD) as one, and the most severe for mod the disease. Other and less destructive is late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD) manifests any time after 12 months of age. The disease can be successfully treated by enzyme replacement therapy with alglucosidase alfa that was approved for human use in 2006.Conclusions. In big importance is nurses role as educators and support for the patients during their hospitalizations for medicine infusions twice a month. It time when the knowledge and significance of proper life style can be discussed and implemented to empower the patients. (JNNN 2019;8(4):170–176)
Augmentative and Alternative Communication Systems with Signs and Eye Tracker Used in Poland
Authors: Kujawa Katarzyna , Żurek Grzegorz P. , Gorączko Agata T. , Olejniczak Roman R. , Poniatowski Łukasz A.
Published: March 2021

Patients who do not communicate verbally or speak in an understandable way are a serious problem in providing appropriate care to patients due to a lack of understanding of their needs. Therefore, it is important that nursing staff have the knowledge and skills of alternative and assistive communication to communicate with patients with speech disorders. The purpose of article is to present the current state of knowledge of the alternative and augmentative communication with special consideration the signs used in Poland with a practicular emphasis laid to the revelant description of the eye tracking device. The literature has been reviewed, including also in this relation topics: alternative and augmentative communication, examples of signs used in alternative communication in Poland and communication and eye tracking. Not everyone has the ability to communicate verbally with the environment. In relation to this problem the solution is the alternative and augmentative communication which uses signs and devices to enable the patient to communicate with other people. (JNNN 2020;9(1):39–45)
The Quality of Life of Patients after Surgical Treatment of Brain Tumours and the Location of the Tumour
Authors: Królikowska Agnieszka , Zieliński Piotr , Harat Marek , Jabłońska Renata , Haor Beata , Filipska Karolina , Ślusarz Robert
Published: March 2021

Introduction. The location of intracranial neoplasms and the process of treating these lesions itself can significantly affect the quality of life of patients. Hence, the aim of the study was to investigate the impact of the location of the brain tumour on the quality of life of surgically treated patients.Aim. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of the location of the brain tumour on the quality of life of surgically treated patients.Material and Methods. The study included 236 patients with brain tumours operated at the Department of Neurosurgery of the 10th Military Clinical Hospital with the SP ZOZ Polyclinic in Bydgoszcz. Patients with different tumour locations were included: in the temporal lobe, in the frontal lobe, in the parietal lobe, in the ventricles of the brain and in the extra-cerebral locations. The following questionnaires were used to assess the quality of life: EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-BN20, in which the patients were tested three times: on the day of admission to the Clinic, on the fifth day after brain tumour surgery and 30 days after the surgery.Results. Patients’ quality of life decreased in the early postoperative period in all groups in terms of tumour location, especially in patients with tumours of the frontal lobe (-0.104) and ventricular neoplasms (-0.109) (p > 0.05). On the 30th day, however, an improvement in the quality of life was achieved in all groups, the highest improvement was obtained in patients with tumours located extra-cerebrally (0.115) and tumours of the temporal lobe (0.097) (p > 0.05).Conclusions. There was no effect of the location of the brain tumour on the quality of life of the studied patients. In the early postoperative period, the quality of life decreased, while it improved 30 days after the surgery. (JNNN 2020;9(3):91–96)
Assessment of the Knowledge of Nursing Students about the Quality of Life of Patients after Stroke
Authors: Kalandyk Halina , Dyndur Jolanta
Published: March 2021

Introduction. Brain stroke is a huge social and economic problem. It is the most common cause of deaths and disabilities. He interferes in every sphere of the patient’s life. Both in the physical, social and spiritual spheres.Aim. The aim of this study was to recognize students with the knowledge of nursing in the field of factors affecting the quality of life of patients after brain stroke.Material and Methods. The sample consisted of 104 students of the 1st and 2nd year of MA studies in Nursing at the State Higher Vocational School in Tarnobrzeg. The original questionnaire was used in this study.Results. The results of the conducted research showed that the factors determining the quality of life of patients after a stroke are mainly: early rehabilitation, economic factors and relations with the immediate family. Psychological factors are also important — depression and anxiety.Conclusions. The knowledge of nursing students is up to date, students have the knowledge related to the nature of the stroke. Stroke significantly reduces the quality of life of people affected by this disease. Therefore, conducting research in this field seems to be very important and right. (JNNN 2020;9(4):132–137)
Activity of Plant Essential Oils Against Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis
Authors: Wróblewska Joanna , Nuszkiewicz Jarosław , Wróblewski Marcin , Woźniak Alina
Published: March 2021

Infestation with Demodex spp. is an increasingly common dermatological and ophthalmic problem. Preparations for daily cleaning of eyes and the surrounding area (gels, soaked wipes) contain mainly tea tree oil or terpinen-4-ol. To date, the use of other essential oils supporting the fight against demodicosis is limited due to insufficient number of clinical trials. The aim of this review is to present the most commonly used medicinal plants and their active ingredients used in the treatment of infestation with Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis, with particular emphasis on tea tree oil. PubMed, Embase and Google Scholar databases were searched for the selection of scientific literature. (JNNN 2020;9(4):160–165)
Purkinje Neurons with Loss of STIM1 Exhibit Age-Dependent Changes in Gene Expression and Synaptic Components
Authors: Dhanya Sreeja Kumari , Hasan Gaiti
Published: March 2021

The stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) is an ER-Ca2+sensor and an essential component of ER-Ca2+store operated Ca2+entry. Loss of STIM1 affects metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGluR1)-mediated synaptic transmission, neuronal Ca2+homeostasis, and intrinsic plasticity in Purkinje neurons (PNs). Long-term changes of intracellular Ca2+signaling in PNs led to neurodegenerative conditions, as evident in individuals with mutations of the ER-Ca2+channel, the inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor. Here, we asked whether changes in such intrinsic neuronal properties, because of loss of STIM1, have an age-dependent impact on PNs. Consequently, we analyzed mRNA expression profiles and cerebellar morphology in PN-specificSTIM1KO mice (STIM1PKO) of both sexes across ages. Our study identified a requirement for STIM1-mediated Ca2+signaling in maintaining the expression of genes belonging to key biological networks of synaptic function and neurite development among others. Gene expression changes correlated with altered patterns of dendritic morphology and greater innervation of PN dendrites by climbing fibers, in agingSTIM1PKOmice. Together, our data identify STIM1 as an important regulator of Ca2+homeostasis and neuronal excitability in turn required for maintaining the optimal transcriptional profile of PNs with age. Our findings are significant in the context of understanding how dysregulated calcium signals impact cellular mechanisms in multiple neurodegenerative disorders.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn Purkinje neurons (PNs), the stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) is required for mGluR1-dependent synaptic transmission, refilling of ER Ca2+stores, regulation of spike frequency, and cerebellar memory consolidation. Here, we provide evidence for a novel role of STIM1 in maintaining the gene expression profile and optimal synaptic connectivity of PNs. Expression of genes related to neurite development and synaptic organization networks is altered in PNs with persistent loss of STIM1. In agreement with these findings the dendritic morphology of PNs and climbing fiber innervations on PNs also undergo significant changes with age. These findings identify a new role for dysregulated intracellular calcium signaling in neurodegenerative disorders and provide novel therapeutic insights.
Noradrenergic Signaling Disengages Feedforward Transmission in the Nucleus Accumbens Shell
Authors: Manz Kevin M. , Coleman Benjamin C. , Grueter Carrie A. , Shields Brenda C. , Tadross Michael R. , Grueter Brad A.
Published: March 2021

The nucleus accumbens shell (NAcSh) receives extensive monoaminergic input from multiple midbrain structures. However, little is known how norepinephrine (NE) modulates NAc circuit dynamics. Using a dynamic electrophysiological approach with optogenetics, pharmacology, and drugs acutely restricted by tethering (DART), we explored microcircuit-specific neuromodulatory mechanisms recruited by NE signaling in the NAcSh of parvalbumin (PV)-specific reporter mice. Surprisingly, NE had little direct effect on modulation of synaptic input at medium spiny projection neurons (MSNs). In contrast, we report that NE transmission selectively modulates glutamatergic synapses onto PV-expressing fast-spiking interneurons (PV-INs) by recruiting postsynaptically-localized α2-adrenergic receptors (ARs). The synaptic effects of α2-AR activity decrease PV-IN-dependent feedforward inhibition onto MSNs evoked via optogenetic stimulation of cortical afferents to the NAcSh. These findings provide insight into a new circuit motif in which NE has a privileged line of communication to tune feedforward inhibition in the NAcSh.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe nucleus accumbens (NAc) directs reward-related motivational output by integrating glutamatergic input with diverse neuromodulatory input from monoamine centers. The present study reveals a synapse-specific regulatory mechanism recruited by norepinephrine (NE) signaling within parvalbumin-expressing interneuron (PV-IN) feedforward inhibitory microcircuits. PV-IN-mediated feedforward inhibition in the NAc is instrumental in coordinating NAc output by synchronizing the activity of medium spiny projection neurons (MSNs). By negatively regulating glutamatergic transmission onto PV-INs via α2-adrenergic receptors (ARs), NE diminishes feedforward inhibition onto MSNs to promote NAc output. These findings elucidate previously unknown microcircuit mechanisms recruited by the historically overlooked NE system in the NAc.
Field Notes for Future Petropractices: Refiguring Oil and/as Media
Authors: Vargas Elia
Published: March 2021

The seemingly prosaic question “What is oil?” opens up a mystifying world of new conceptual frameworks, ethics, and material circumstances. What does it mean to think with oil beyond the practices of representation that enact its contemporary form?
Between 2015 and 2018, my ongoing critical and creative oil research led to a series of crude oil media artworks, which illuminate, materialize, and reexamine basic assumptions of oil. Thinking with the diffractive methods of feminist science studies scholar Karen Barad, “Field Notes for Future Petropractices” addresses the artworks Oil Ontology (2017), Crude Illumination (2015), and Oil rituals for the future #6 (2018). Each of these uses the enigmatic product Crudoleum, 100% Pennsylvania Crude Oil Scalp Treatment, to enact the open-ended performativity of oil.
My critical and creative practice, in which practices of making reciprocally determine and blur with practices of thinking, examines the early American oil industry and its entanglements with mysticism. This period matters because it is the commonly accepted historical origination of crude oil as a global energy commodity. As new energy regimes and new critiques of the Anthropocene emerge, it is crucial to continue examining how the ontological status of oil as a fossil fuel persists. Why is it taken for granted that oil—an earth material that exceeds anthropocentric categorization—is represented exclusively as fuel?
Painless foot drop: an unusual acute presentation of new onset type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Corcillo Antonella , Kleinaki Zoe , Kapnisi Stella , Fountoulakis Nikolaos , Maltese Giuseppe , Thomas Stephen M , Karalliedde Janaka
Published: March 2021

A 26-year-old Caucasian female with no past medical history or family history of auto-immune disease presented to the emergency department with new onset painless left foot drop. A panel of blood tests revealed blood glucose of 49.9 mmol/L and raised blood ketone levels. The patient was referred to the diabetes team who made a clinical diagnosis of type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and insulin treatment was initiated. Elevated levels of diabetes auto-antibodies were subsequently detected. Nerve conduction studies demonstrated a left common peroneal nerve lesion with conduction block at the fibular head. After 2 weeks of insulin treatment, a significant improvement of her foot drop was observed and after 8 weeks she was walking normally. The most probable cause of her foot drop was acute diabetic mononeuropathy. To our knowledge, there are no similar cases in adult patients reported in the literature. Our case highlights the importance of physicians being aware of atypical presentation of new onset T1DM.

Learning points:

There is an increasing incidence of T1DM with more than half of patients presenting after the age of 20.

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy can present both acutely and as a mononeuropathy.

Although rare, clinicians should be aware of mononeuropathy as a presenting symptom of T1DM to avoid delay in the treatment initiation.

This case highlights an unusual presentation of T1DM and illustrates the importance of the early diagnosis and management of T1DM.
A ECONOMÍA DE GALICIA E ESPAÑA EN 2007-2017: DEZ ANOS DE CRISE E RECUPERACIÓN
Authors: GUISÁN María-Carmen
Published: March 2021

No período 2007-2013 a economía de Galicia e de España experimentou unha diminuciónde produción e emprego seguida dunha lixeira recuperación no período 2014-2017. Estarecuperación é bienvida pero non é suficiente para impulsar o desenvolvementoeconómico, porque a produción industrial por habitante non está experimentando anecesaria converxencia cara niveis de rexións e países máis avanzados. Para impulsar ocrecemento simultáneo da renda real por habitante e do nivel de emprego, Galicia eEspaña precisan dun incremento importante da renda real producida nos sectoresindustriais. Neste informe destacamos o papel da industria, o turismo e o capital humanono desenvolvemento rexional. Galicia experimentou no período 1996-2008 un incrementoimportante da renda per cápita industrial, ata acadar a converxencia coa media española,pero experimentou un estancamento, como o conxunto de España, no período 2008-2015,lonxe dos niveis de rexións españolas e europeas de maior nivel de desenvolvementoindustrial.In the period 2007-2013 the economy of Galicia and Spain experienced a decrease inproduction and employment followed by a slight recovery in the period 2014-2017. Thisrecovery is welcome but not sufficient to boost economic development, because industrialproduction per inhabitant is not experiencing the necessary convergence towards moreadvanced regions and countries. In order to boost the simultaneous growth of real percapita income and the level of employment, Galicia and Spain need a significant increase inthe real income produced in the industrial sectors. In this report we highlight the role ofthe tourism industry and human capital in regional development. In the period 1996-2008, Galicia experienced a significant increase in industrial per capita income, until itreached convergence with the Spanish average, but it experienced a stagnation, togetherwith Spain as a whole, in the period 2008-2015, far from the levels of the Spanish andEuropean regions with a higher level of industrial development.
NOVO ESTILO DE RELACIÓNS NA SOCIEDADE DO COÑECEMENTO. A XESTIÓN CONFLITOS NAS ORGANIZACIÓNS DO NER GROUP NO PAÍS VASCODE
Authors: ALVAREZ SAINZ María , APELLANIZ VALLE Kepa Xabier
Published: March 2021

Este artigo presenta o novo estilo de relacións (NER), modelo desenvolvido einsittuído no País Vasco co fin de xestionar axeitadamente ás persoas e o seu coñecementoe enfrontar os retos empresariais do século XXI, e estuda a xestión de conflitos nasorganizacións do NER Group. Os principais resultados do traballo empírico desenvolvidopara analizar as características culturais do NER, a percepción das mesmas por parte daspersoas que traballan con el, amosan que a responsabilidade, o compromiso e a confianzason percibidos como elementos fundamentais para a xestión de conflitos nasorganizacións, e constitúen un dos sinais de identidade do NER.This article presents the new style of relations (NER), a model developed inthe Basque Country to suitably manage people and their knowledge in order to face themanagement challenges for the 21st century, and studies conflict management at theorganizations of the NER Group.The main results of the empirical work developed for analyzing the NER’s culturalfeatures, as they are perceived by the people who work with it, show that responsibility,commitment and confidence are perceived as fundamental elements for conflictmanagement at the organizations and it is one of the NER’s hallmarks.
Effect of Al doping on optical properties of ZnO thin films: theory and experiment
Authors: Kovalenko M. , Bovgyra O. , Dzikovskyi V. , Kashuba A. , Ilchuk H. , Petrus R. , Semkiv I.
Published: March 2021

The structural, electronic, and optical properties of zinc oxide thin films with Al-doping have been investigated experimentally and with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Changes in properties of doped thin films, which are deposited on a glass substrate by a high-frequency magnetron sputtering method, are monitored using X-ray diffraction data and UV measurements. Our theoretical calculations show that the electronic structure of ZnO: Al can be well described by the DFT+U method. The XRD measurements demonstrated the formation of a pure single ZnO phase and Al atoms is well incorporated in the ZnO lattice. Also, we determine the optical constants such as optical dielectric function, refractive index, optical band gap values, extinction coefficient, and optical conductivity of the doping films through transmittance spectra. The calculated results show the change of lattice parameters Al-doped ZnO. The optical band gap of ZnO: Al is increased compared with pure ZnO. Besides, around the Fermi level of Al-doped ZnO was emerged the shallow donor states from mainly 3s-Al states. Our DFT calculations of optical properties Al-doped ZnO agree satisfactorily with the experimentally measured transmittance values.
Physical Properties of Zinc Compounds Obtained by Electrolytic Method
Authors: Lysytsya A.V. , Moroz M.V. , Nechyporuk B.D. , Rudyk B.P. , Shamsutdinov B.F.
Published: March 2021

The influence of the chemical composition of the electrolyte and its temperature on the process of sythesis of nanosized zinc compounds by electrolytic method using zinc electrodes was investigated. X-ray studies have been conducted and its results were used to determine the composition of the obtained nanocrystal samples and its dimensioning using the Debye and the Williamson Hall methods. Comparisons of the results of dimensioning of nanocrystals by both methods were made. Also discussed the possibilities of synthesis of nanoparticles of zinc oxide, zinc sulfide and hydrozincite by electrolytic method. It is shown, that depending on the electrolyte composition, nanocrystals of zinc oxide, zinc sulfide, hydrozincite or their mixture are obtained. The effect of thermal annealing on the samples composition and dimensioning was investigated.
I – “miesjcova“, You – “przyjiezny”: Drawing the Boundary of Identity in Šalčininkai District
Authors: Vyšniauskas Vidmantas
Published: March 2021

In this article, I seek to investigate how people living in the Šalčininkai district perceive the cultural boundary between locals and newcomers. Based on biographical interviews collected during the ethnographic field research, I argue that historical circumstances and frequent changes in state affiliation have influenced the drawing of the cultural boundary between locals and newcomers. In the article, I present how this division is understood by people of different generations living in the Šalčininkai district.

The cultural boundary between locals and newcomers is very important to the oldest generation (born before World War II). People who grew up during Soviet times understand this boundary and its significance, but pay less attention to it. The youngest generation (people born around 1990) perceive this cultural boundary as a useless remnant of the past and want to distance themselves from it.
Inert gas absorption and pore formation in nickel-based hot-melt alloys
Authors:   Zaporizhzhia National University, Zaporizhzhia, Ternovyi Yu. F. , Vodennikov S. A. ,   National University “Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic”, Zaporizhzhia, Vodennikova O. S. ,   Zaporizhzhia National University, Zaporizhzhia
Published: March 2021

An integrated approach to the generalization and analysis of scientific and technical literature in the direction of improving the technological processes of spraying metal melts used a comprehensive approach The processing and analysis of experimental data for the determination of argon at different stages of heat-resistant alloy production were performed. Micro structural analysis of nickel-based heat-resistant alloys obtained by gas and centrifugal spraying was performed. A significant increase in the mass fraction of argon in the melt is shown when held in a furnace before gas or centrifugal spraying, the absence of capture of inert gas by sprayed liquid particles during centrifugal spraying is shown, unlike the process of gas spraying, it is shown. The results of the study indicate the absence of "dissolution" of Ar or a mixture of Ar-He in the liquid or solid state at argon levels up to 1 • 10-4% of the mass. It is established that centrifugal spraying of metal melts allows obtaining compact powders with small particle size distribution at relatively low energy consumption. It is also noted that argon is captured by the metal only in the process of moving on the disk, and not due to the weak dynamic gas interaction directly on the melt droplets. Hence, its amount in the metal increases after the argon’s injection into the furnace chamber and at the subsequent centrifugal spraying does not change, in comparison with gas spraying. A technological possibility has been found to significantly reduce the amount of gas pores and the mass fraction of inert gas in nickel-based heat-resistant alloys. Nickel-based heat-resistant alloys obtained by the method of gas and centrifugal spraying make it possible to improve the quality of products for the aviation industry, their reliability when operating in extreme conditions. Keywords: gas spraying, centrifugal spraying, heat-resistant alloy, argon, helium, pore formation.
Re-Examining Factors That Affect Delta Smelt (Hypomesus transpacificus) Entrainment at the State Water Project and Central Valley Project in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta
Authors: Grimaldo Lenny , Smith William , Nobriga Matthew
Published: March 2021

Managing endangered species is challenging when increased rarity leads to an inability to detect their responses to environmental conditions. In the San Francisco Estuary, the state and federally listed Delta Smelt (Hypomesus transpacificus) has declined to record low numbers, elevating concern over entrainment at the State Water Project (SWP) and Central Valley Project (CVP) water export facilities. The objective of this study was to: (1) revisit previous work on factors that affect adult Delta Smelt collected at the SWP and CVP fish collection facilities using updated conceptual models and a new statistical approach; and (2) to determine factors that affect salvage at time-scales of interest to management. Boosted Regression Tree (BRT) models were applied to salvage data at the SWP and CVP, aggregated into two response categories: a “first flush” response that represented daily salvage from the start of the entrainment window to the 50% midpoint of observed salvage, and a “seasonal” response that included daily salvage from the entire entrainment window. Precipitation, sub-adult abundance, Yolo Bypass flow, and exports best explained first flush salvage at both the SWP and CVP. The seasonal models included a similar set of influential variables, but the relative influence of precipitation was lower compared to the first flush models., Yolo Bypass flow was more influential for seasonal salvage at the SWP, compared to the CVP; Old and Middle River flow was more influential for seasonal salvage at the CVP. Although the rank of variable importance that explains salvage differed slightly between first flush and seasonal time-scales, this study suggests that salvage is most influenced by hydrodynamics, water quality, and population abundance. The application of BRT models to predict salvage is limited, because salvage has been low since federal protections were implemented in 2008. Forecast models that integrate real-time variables with fish behavior models may improve Delta Smelt management.
experiência estética como uma expressão da Alteridade do não idêntico
Authors: Guadagnin Renata
Published: March 2021

Procuramos pensar um entrelaçamento possível, ou, ao menos, uma aproximação entre a Estética de Adorno e a Ética de Levinas, especialmente a partir do não idêntico e da experiência estética como uma experiência do encontro com o Outro. Veremos que o instante da realização da obra é o seu instante ético. Aquele que a obra se desprende daquele que a coloca no mundo e abre caminhos para outras subjetividades se formarem. Por isso, estamos as voltas com o movimento estético que pode provocar irrupções de novos sentidos e percepções, como inquietações que mantém vivo o não idêntico sem subsumi-lo ao idêntico. E, por outro lado, trazemos alguns aspectos da obra de Levinas para pensar a obra de arte e a poesia, especialmente aquela da obliteração, enquanto resistência à razão idolátrica.
A Keszthely-Kultúra Ma
Authors: Müller Róbert
Published: March 2021

A Keszthely-kultúra fogalma az elmúlt 130 év alatt sokat változott. Az 568 és 630–650 közé keltezhető korai szakasz létét többen kétségbe vonták. A korai szakasz 11 lelőhelyét áttekintve a dolgozat azt igyekszik igazolni, hogy a korai avar korban relatív önállósággal bíró, Keszthely környéki keresztény népességet a tovább élő késő antik elemeken kívül döntően a kelet alpi, dalmáciai, balkáni és germán területekről bevándoroltak alkották. Megjelölésükre a Keszthely-kultúra korai szakasza a megfelelő elnevezés. A késői szakasz a korai szerves folytatása.

The concept of the Keszthely culture has changed significantly over the past 130 years. The legitimacy of the early phase dated between 568 and 630–650 has been challenged by some scholars. By reviewing eleven sites of the culture’s early phase, this study seeks to demonstrate that in addition to surviving late antique elements, the Christian population that lived in the Keszthely area and enjoyed a relative measure of independence was predominantly made up eastern Alpine, Dalmatian, Balkanic and Germanic immigrants. The label “early phase of the Keszthely culture” seems an adequate term for their description. The culture’s late phase is an organic continuation of the early one.
Régészeti Adatok Az Árpád-Kor Kerámiaművességéhez: Székkutas, Sós-Halmi-Dűlő
Authors: Szigeti Judit , Csányi Viktor , Rózsa Zoltán
Published: March 2021

Tanulmányunkban egy 2014–15 folyamán, Székkutason (Csongrád megye) feltárt Árpád-kori településrészlet házaiból előkerült kerámiaanyag feldolgozásának eredményeit mutatjuk be, adalékkal szolgálva a 12. századi kerámiakutatás adataihoz.

Presented here are the results of the assessment of the pottery finds from the houses of an Árpádian Age settlement, a section of which was uncovered at Székkutas (County Csongrád) in 2014–2015, which can contribute to studies on 12th-century pottery.
Pápai Bulla a Középkori Bánhegyes Falu Területéről
Authors: P. Horváth Viktória
Published: March 2021

A pápai oklevelek kettőspecsétjei jellemzően levéltárakban maradtak fenn, régészeti leletként ritkán kerülnek elő. A tanulmány a 2019 novemberében, a középkori Bánhegyes falu (ma: Békés megye, Magyarbánhegyes) területén fémkeresős kutatás során előkerült pápai ólombulla jellemzőit, történeti hátterét, ismert hazai és nemzetközi párhuzamait mutatja be.

The bullae of papal charters are typically preserved in archives and only rarely are they brought to light as archaeological finds. Presented here is the papal lead bulla discovered in the medieval village of Bánhegyes (modern Magyarbánhegyes, County Békés) in November 2019 during a metal detecting survey, alongside a discussion of its historical background and its currently known parallels from Hungary and other regions.
Római Kori Villagazdaságok Légirégészeti Kutatása Magyarországon
Authors: Szabó Máté
Published: March 2021

A tanulmány a Pécsi Légirégészeti Téka római kori villagazdaságait mutató felvételeinek a feldol­ gozásán és értékelésén keresztül kívánja szemléltetni a Dunántúl villa­tájainak szisztematikus légirégészeti felderítésében rejlő lehetőségeket.

By presenting the results of the interpretation of the aerial photos of Roman villa sites in the Aerial Archaeological Archive of Pécs, the present study aims to illustrate and highlight the potentials of systematic aerial surveys in the research of the Roman villa landscapes in Transdanubia.
Sikerek És Kudarcok. Régészeti Örökségvédelem Magyarországon 1998–2018 •
Authors: Ernyey Katalin , Anders Alexandra
Published: March 2021

Az első önálló régészeti államigazgatási intézmény, a Kulturális Örökség Igazgatósága 1998­ban jött létre. A két évtizedes évforduló alkalmából rendezett konferencia alkalmat adott a számvetésre, valamint annak áttekintésére, milyen gazdasági és társadalmi keretek között működik ma a régé­ szeti örökség védelme.

The Directorate of Cultural Heritage, the first independent archaeological administrative institu­ tion, was established in 1998. The conference organised on the occasion of the twentieth anniver­ sary provided an excellent opportunity for stocktaking, as well as for reviewing the economic and social framework within which the protection of the archaeological heritage is achieved.
Evolution of the uranium concentration in dissolution experiments with Cr-(Pu) doped UO2 in reducing conditions at SCK CEN
Authors: Cachoir Christelle , Mennecart Thierry , Lemmens Karel
Published: March 2021

Cr-doped UO2-based model materials were prepared at SCK CEN, mimicking modern LWR fuels, to understand the influence of Cr doping on the spent fuel dissolution behaviour in geological repository conditions. Tests were carried out with four model materials: depleted UO2, Cr-doped depleted UO2, Pu-doped UO2 and Pu-Cr-doped UO2. Static dissolution experiments have been performed up to 4 months in autoclaves under 10 bar H2 pressure with a Pt/Pd catalyst in media at pH 13.5 and at pH 9. The Cr-doping appeared to reduce the U concentrations by a factor 6 at pH 13.5, but it had no or not much effect at pH 9.

Graphic abstract
Decyzja o zezwoleniu na lokalizację obiektów budowlanych w pasie drogowym jako źródło prawa do dysponowania nieruchomością na cele budowlane
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warszawski, Polska, Piecha Jacek
Published: March 2021

The article presents the problem of the interpretation of art. 3 point 11 of the polish Construction Law act. Abovementioned provision statues the definition of the notion of “right to use the real property for construction purposes”. Literal wording of art. 3 point 11 may seemingly indicate that this right may be arised only from private (civil) law’s legal relationships. This paper aims to indicate that such interpretation of the art. 3 point 11 of the Construction Law act is incorrect. The author proves that the administrative act like the permit for building structures localisation in the road lane (statued in the Public Roads Act) may be considered as independent source of the investor’s right to use the real property for construction purposes.
Dostępność świadczeń zdrowotnych w perspektywie założeń i realizacji ustawy „o sieci szpitali”
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Rabiej Ewelina
Published: March 2021

The article analysed the availability of healthcare services in terms of assumptions and implementation of the act “hospital network”. The aim of the research was to try to answer the question about the impact of the creation of a hospital network on the availability of healthcare. The provisions of the act and implementing acts were analysed, as well as the effects of the reform, including: the structure of the hospital network, the number and value of healthcare services, the degree of performance by hospitals of contracts with the NFZ, waiting time for healthcare services and the number of people waiting, the degree of use of hospital beds, expenditure on healthcare, the financial situation of hospitals. The summary concluded that the creation of a hospital network did not increase the availability of healthcare services. It was the result of the failure to take into account epidemiological and demographic conditions and insufficient funding. The situation does not cross out the legitimacy of the creation of a hospital network, but it points the direction of further reforms.
Prawo do obrony a odpowiedzialność karna z art. 233 § 1a k.k. – uwagi przez pryzmat wybranych orzeczeń sądów pierwszej i drugiej instancji
Authors:   Uniwersytet Śląski, Katowice, Polska, Szczygieł Tomasz
Published: March 2021

The article presents the practice of law enforcement authorities and courts in the interpretation and application of Art. 233 § 1a k.k. The article points to discrepancies in the scope of the rights of defense following the 2016 amendment. What is more important, the work emphasises that this heterogeneity translates into relativism of criminal liability according to the views of a particular authority on the understanding of Art. 233 § 1a of the k.k. Law enforcement authorities, as well as courts on the same appeal, often present different view of the issue. The work also draws attention to the increasing phenomenon of violations of Art. 313 k.p.k., in connection with the content of Art. 233 § 1a k.k., which in some cases becomes an instrument for verifying the truthfulness of suspects questioned as witnesses. The article also draws attention to the increase in criminalisation of secondary criminal liability under Art. 233 § 1a k.k., for the offence originally committed.
Strategie rozwoju i wyzwania pielęgniarstwa w Polsce i na świecie
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Bartosiewicz Anna , Jacek Anna ,   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska
Published: March 2021

Constantly changing environment and constantly growing needs and requirements of patients, make nursing define its competences, look for place in the health care system, plan tasks and create nursing development strategies. It tries to meet the requirements, becoming at the same time a key link in the health care system and a fully autonomous profession but with an unchangeable mission which is to save human life and care for the patient. Permanent changes in health care, in society as well as in the structures in medical professions cause that nursing constantly strives for its development and tries to engage substantive dialogue with those responsible for health policy, in order to outline the framework of the profession in the actual reality and its future. A review of selected national strategies for nursing development, the circumstances in which they developed and key assumptions allow to conclude about their positive impact on public health in a given country and on the quality of patient care. What connects individual strategies is the priority treatment of multisectoral cooperation in health care, aspects related to the promotion of the profession, education of nurses and the definition of new roles and new competences in the context of the requirements and needs of a given country. An example may be prescribing, providing nursing advice or introducing the role of an advanced practice nurse. A great achievement for nursing in Poland is the initiative of creation Strategy of Development for nursing. It is a planning document that defines the directions of activities ensuring high quality, safety and access to nursing care of patients.
Opinions of pre-service pre-school teachers on the use of mathematics activities
Authors: Kesicioğlu Oğuz Serdar
Published: March 2021

The research reported on here was designed in a qualitative approach to present the opinions of pre-service pre-school teachers on the use of mathematics activities. The sample consisted of 10 pre-service teachers, who in their fourth year of pre-school education in the teaching department in 2017 to 2018. The pre-service teachers in the study group were selected from those with a grade point average (GPA) of above 3 and who completed the teaching practice course. In the research, the data were collected from the pre-service teachers through interviews. A semi-structured form, developed by the researcher, was used as a data collection tool in order to reveal the opinions of pre-service pre-school teachers on the application of mathematics activities. The results of the research show that the participating pre-service pre-school teachers used more than one-to-one correspondence in mathematics activities of which the most difficult concepts were classification and geometrical figures – difficult situations in which to attract the attention of children and a crowded class of 36 to 48 month old children. Most of the mathematics activities were integrated into games and art through the narration and gamification method. The participants mostly used prepared mathematics activities in practice.