bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Precontractual duty to inform the surety
Authors: Dabić Snežana
Published: January 2021

Sureties often claim that they have not been informed about the difficult financial situation of the principal debtor prior to the conclusion of the contract and that they have been the victims of a fraud. Usually, it is the debtor who is responsible for the fraud: he is interested in concealing or even improving his real financial situation. However, the surety contract is concluded between the surety and the creditor. Is the surety in a position to annul the contract if the deceit is practiced by a third party? On the other side, creditors (especially, banks) often possess the exact information about the financial capacity of the debtor: should they inform the surety about this? And what are the consequences if they do not? Can the surety ask for the annulment of the contract on the basis of creditor’s non-disclosure?
Tax and legal treatment of hybrid financial instruments
Authors: Bosankić Dragan
Published: January 2021

Besides the motives not prevailingly concerning the tax, hybrid financial instruments are used both in the context of one tax system, and particularly in the international scenario, aiming at tax savings generation. Depending on whether the participants in the transaction are taxpayers within the same tax system, or not, the paper analyses the tax and legal consequences of the classification of hybrid financial instruments. Special attention has been paid to the tax and legal treatment of hybrid financial instruments in the Serbian taxation legislation, in which, for taxation purposes, there is no possibility of different classification in relation to the way it has been done in terms of company law and accounting. This drawback in Serbian taxation legislative on the one hand opens the possibility for tax planning by using hybrid financial instruments, while on the other hand it is an area that should be specifically regulated. In addition, in terms of the international scenario, using a comparative method, the paper analyses the rules for the classification of hybrid financial instruments defined by OECD-Model convention and the relevant EU directives.
Judicial possessory protection disturbed by suspension of delivery of electrical energy
Authors: Radović Marko , Tomić Marko
Published: January 2021

Noticed problems within law performing that is related to judicial possessory protection due to suspension of delivery of electrical energy encouraged the authors to think of modes of their overcoming. On that way, as a preliminary issue, a need to analyse „everlasting“ theoretical dilemmas about possession as a legal institute has been imposed, and thereafter dilemmas about electrical energy, as a thing in the objective law. This paper’s general focus on judicial procedure of possessory protection due to suspension of delivery of electrical energy makes an unavoidable ground to draft suggestions of solutions related to: disturbance of possession by the one who gave order, operator’s passive legitimation, content of the claim, as well as the applicability of sublegal acts in this procedure. Final goal of this paper is highlighting of mentioned suggestions, whose quality can be experienced only by strict judgement of those who perform law.
Tanıkların Hatıralarına Göre Milli Mücadele Yıllarında Kütahya
Authors: METİN Barış
Published: January 2021

Batı Anadolu’da Uşak, Afyon, Kütahya ve Eskişehir’de Milli Mücadelenin yaşandığı, kasaba ve köylerde yaşayan ve halen hayatta olan kişilerin o günlere dair hatıralarının derlenmesi ve kayıt altına alınması için 1982 yılında Afyon Yurtiçi Batı Bölge Komutanlığı bir çalışma başlatmıştır. Bu çerçevede ilgili İl Milli Eğitim Müdürlüklerinin koordinasyonunda köylerde okul müdürü, muhtar ve imamlar söz konusu hatıraları toplamış ve bunları rapor haline getirmişlerdir. Böylece döneme dair resmi belgelere pek fazla yansımayan ancak o yıllarda yerelde yaşanan pek çok önemli olay gün ışığına çıkarılma fırsatı bulmuştur. Bu çalışmada söz konusu kaynaklardan elde edilen veriler çerçevesinde Yunan işgaline uğrayan Kütahya’nın kasaba ve köylerinde yaşananlar, tanıklarının anlatımı ile incelenmeye ve ortaya çıkarılmaya çalışılmıştır.
Investigating the Asymmetry in Trade Balance Response to Oil Price Changes: Evidence from China
Authors: SİVRİKAYA Ayşen
Published: January 2021

Examining the relation between oil price changes and the trade balance is important for oil-importing countries to formulate policy solutions. This study contributes to the literature by examining the asymmetric effects of changes in oil prices on the trade balance of China, the world’s largest crude oil importer. To this end, the Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) cointegration approach and Pesaran’s Generalized Variance Decompositions technique are adopted. The results reveal that the trade balance responds asymmetrically to oil price changes in the long run, while the responses are symmetric in the short run. The Generalized Variance Decompositions results indicate that the trade balance is more sensitive to the oil price increases than to decreases. These results indicate that China should support energy-efficient systems to reduce its dependency on imported oil.
The Application Level of Institutional Governance in Islamic Institutions and Banks in Kuwait
Authors: Alazemi Mohammad , Al Omari Abdel Majeed
Published: January 2021

This study aims to identify the governance principles and their level of applicability in the context of Islamic banks in Kuwait. The descriptive-analytical approach was used by designing a questionnaire composed of 29 questions. The study mainly addresses specific governance principles that differentiate Islamic banks from conventional ones. Findings indicate a medium application level of the governance principles in the Islamic banks of Kuwait, noting that there are deficiencies in some aspects, which is the absence of disclosure and transparency requirements of Islamic financial operations that distinguish Islamic banks from other traditional banks. Additionally, the findings show a lack of equity in the salaries and wages scale compared to competitive banks and institutions in Kuwait.
EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SIRIH MERAH (Piper crocatum) MENURUNKAN KADAR GULA DARAH MENCIT DIABETES
Authors: Siregar Ambali Azwar , Harahap Urip , Mardianto Mardianto
Published: January 2021

Diabetes mellitus is one of desease that have a large population and trend to increase. sulfonylurea and biguanide are almost used treatment but have unexpected side effects. The research still necessary to seek alternative medicine, such as Piper crocatum.This study aimed to determine the effect of ethanol extract of red betel leaves on blood sugar levels and body weight of mice (Mus musculus L.) diabetes. This riset was started to produce simplicia and drilled become powders, continued extract with 70% ethanol. The extract was evaporated with rotary evaporator until obtaine crude extract. And then screen it that determine phytochemical. To continued test on tolerance of level of glucose then mice diabetes induced aloxan.In summary, extract of red betle ethanolic has contained alkaloid, quercetin flavonoid, steroid and fenolic compounds and decreased level of glucose in blood mice diabetes. Besides, it can reduce lose of weight symptom.
OPTIMASI FORMULA EKSTRAK JAHE MERAH (Zingiber officinale) DENGAN METODE KEMPA LANGSUNG MENGGUNAKAN ANALISIS SIMPLEX LATTICE DESIGN
Authors: Sa'adah Hayatus
Published: January 2021

Processing of medicinal plants into the appropriate dosage form can ensure security during use. It is a motivation in making acceptable dosage form which is easy and convenient to use, especially the manufacture of ethanol extract red ginger tablets using a combination of starch 1500 and amprotab.The study begins with the manufacture of dry extract of red ginger. Optimization of making tablets using a combination of starch 1500 and disintegrator with simplex lattice design using three formulas is done by direct compaction method. Further testing on the tablet hardness, friability and disintegration time.The results showed starch 1500 has a greater influence increase hardness and disintegration time of tablets, as well as lowering the fragility of the tablet. While the interaction of starch 1500 and disintegrator has no effect on the physical tablet. The optimum proportion of the combination of starch 1500 and disintegrator meet the physical requirements of tablets with a ratio of 4: 6 with 7.99 kg hardness, the friability of 0.32% and disintegration time of 2.42 minutes
ANALISA COST OF ILLNESS AKIBAT PENGGUNAAN NSAIDS DI SEBUAH APOTEK DI KOTA MEDAN, INDONESIA
Authors: Tanjung Hari Ronaldo , Sarriff Azmi , Harahap Urip
Published: January 2021

Background: A drug therapy problem is any undesirable event experienced by a patient which involves, or is suspected to involve drug therapy and that interferes with achieving the desired goals of therapy. Drug Therapy Problems (DTPs) can lead to ineffective pharmacotherapy and may cause drug-related morbidity and mortality.Objective: The study aimed to estimates the direct medical cost of illness caused by the drug morbidity or mortality related to NSAID utilization in a community pharmacy setting at Medan, Indonesia.Method: Thisstudy used 7 (seven) categories probabilities and costs associated with the therapeutic outcomes to estimate the direct medical cost of illness resulting from morbidity related NSAIDs utilization. Direct non medical costs, indirect costs, and intangible costs related to drug-related-morbidity and mortality were not valued in this cost-of-illness analysis.The duration of the study was from July 2009 to October 2010.Result: The patient that experienced NSAIDs-related morbidity estimated to spend Rp.467.848,- each and Rp.11.696.200,- in total to managing the morbidity. Every Rp.1,- spent on NSAIDs therapy, an additional Rp.1,45,- was estimated to spent in managing morbidity related NSAIDs utilization.Conclusion: This result showed the cost of illnessrelated morbidity of NSAIDs utilization exceeds the cost of the medications themselves
LAYANAN PESAN SINGKAT PENGINGAT MENINGKATKAN KEPATUHAN MINUM OBATPASIEN DIABETES MELITUS DI RSUD ULIN BANJARMASIN
Authors: Alfian Riza
Published: January 2021

Diabetes melitus is one ofthe metabolic disorders with characteristic hyperglycemia that occurs due to abnormal insulin secretion, insulin resistance or both. The non adherence patients of taking antidiabetic drugs are the main factors that could cause high blood glucose levels, so it is necessary an intervention to achievedoutcome therapy desired. Giving of short message service reminder intervention in diabetes mellitus patients was expected to improved the medication adherence and achieved normal blood glucose levels.This study was conducted to determine the effect of a short message service reminder on medication adherence of ambulatory diabetes melitus patients in Ulin General Hospital Banjarmasin.This study was conducted with quasi-experimental design,the data were taken prospectively during May to June, 2014. The subjects were ambulatory diabetes melitus patients in Ulin General Hospital Banjarmasin who had received oral antidiabetic drugs. Subject who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were 39 patients and had given an intervention for seven days. The data collected by interviews and pill counting on filling sheet. The blood glucose levels data was taken from their medical records.The result showed that giving of a short message service reminder intervention improve patient adherence (p<0,05). Fasting blood glucose level and blood glucose level two hours post prandial have decreased significantly (p<0,05). There were correlation between the patient adherence and the decreasing in fasting blood glucose levels (p=0,050; r=0,316) and blood glucose two hours post prandial levels (p=0,010; r=0,040).Based on these result, it can be concluded that the giving of short message service reminder in diabetes melitus patientshas been improved patient adherence.
HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DENGAN KEPATUHAN MINUM OBAT PASIEN HIPERTENSI LANSIA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SUNGAI CUKA KABUPATEN TANAH LAUT
Authors: Susanto Yugo
Published: January 2021

One of communicable diseases become very serious health problem was hypertension. The purpose of hypertension therapy was to control blood pressure in range of normal blood pressure, it is needed the adherence for hypertension therapy. The family supportcould improved healthy status. Patient with family support  feel that people care, so it could directed patient to improve their healthy lifestyle.The purpose of this study was to determine elderly family support, medication adherence in elderly hypertensive patients, and analyzedthe correlation between the family support with the adherence ension in elderly hypertension patients in Puskesmas Sungai Cuka Tanah Laut.This study was conducted with the cross sectional design in December 2014 until January 2015. Population was280the elderly patient in the region of  primary public health Sungai Cuka and 164 of them were used for sample. Data was collected by completion questionnaires family support and Morisky Modification Adherence Scale (MMAS)questionnaires. Data analysis was performed by gamma test with 95% confidence level.Based on the results, that Elderly who have family support by category 23.8% lower category, middle category were 64%, high category were 11.6%, and 0.6% were very high category. The adherence degree of elderly hypertension patientwere 45,7% low adherence degree, moderate adherence degreewere 36%, and high adherence degree were 18.3%. There were a correlation between the family support andthe medication adherence in elderly hypertension patients at Puskesmas Sungai Cuka Tanah Laut. (γ =0.295).
STUDI FARMAKOVIGILANS PENGOBATAN ASMA PADA PASIEN RAWAT INAP DI SUATU RUMAH SAKIT DI BOJONEGORO
Authors: Lorensia Amelia , Amalia Ratna Ayu
Published: January 2021

Background: Asthma is a respiratory disease with a large enough number of prevalence in the world. Asthma treatmentin hospital needs serious monitoring because of the risk to patient safety and increase the cost of treatment. One attempt to reduce the incidence of unwanted is the pharmacovigilance studies to improve patient safety.Purpose: to determine safety in terms of adverse drug reactions (ADR) and drug interactions of the treatment of inpatient asthmatic patients in a hospital.Methods: This is a non-experimental study with sampling using purposive sampling. Then the data were obtained from medical records were analyzed ADRs and drug interactions that occur using the library and shown descriptively.Results: The study sample as many as 43 people. The results showed there were 56 cases of ADRs on asthma medications, especially the use of nebulized salbutamol (57.14%). While the incidence of asthma therapy drug interactions there were 10 cases and the highest is aminophylline with salbutamol (14.29%).Conclusion: Treatment of asthma need to get to the ADR incidence and risk of drug interactions. Incidence of ADRs and drug interactions at most of the use of salbutamol which is relatively safe preference. This still needs to be done further research.
Hubungan Lingkungan Fisik dan Tindakan PSN dengan Penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue di Wilayah Buffer Kantor Kesehatan Pelabuhan Kelas II
Authors: Andi Anwar Adi
Published: January 2021

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a health problem in Indonesia, which can lead to the extraordinary events (plague).The development of science and technology affect the development of social and cultural, agricultural, industrial, mining and public mobility. The second-class Port Health Office Samarinda is included as endemic area; with the 33 total numbers of cases in 2013 and there were 20 cases started from January to August 2014. The purpose of this study was to find out the relationship between water shelter, humidity and eradication of mosquito breeding toward DHF in buffer area of the Second-Class Port Health Office Samarinda. This type of research is an analytical survey method with cross sectional approach. It is included as the research which learns the dynamics of the correlation between risk factors and effects, using observation or data collection approach at once.  The sample of this study was 140 respondents with observation and measurement using Mann Whitney and Chi Square tests. Variables of this study consisted of dependent variable, which is DHF and independent variables are the water shelter, humidity and eradication of mosquito breeding. The findings showed there was relationship between water shelters (ρ value0,031), and humidity (ρ value0,046), and also eradication of mosquito breeding (ρ value0,000). Based on the results of this study, it is expected to the healthcare institutions to give frequent health education to the society about the dangers of DHF, control the breeding of mosquitoes, and prevent mosquitoes’ bites in order to prevent infected by this disease.
PENETAPAN KADAR ASAM LEMAK BEBAS DAN BILANGAN PEROKSIDA PADA MINYAK GORENG YANG DIGUNAKAN PEDAGANG GORENGAN DI JL. A.W SJAHRANIE SAMARINDA
Authors: Nurhasnawati Henny
Published: January 2021

Free fatty acids and peroxide are part of cooking oil quality parameters. This study aims to determine the levels of free fatty acids and peroxide value in cooking oil used by fried merchant in Jl. A.W. Sjahranie Samarinda. Sampling was done by total sampling which is cooking oil before frying and after frying a few times from four fried merchants. Determination of free fatty acid content using alkalimetry method and levels of peroxide using iodometric method.The test results of the free fatty acid content of samples A, B, C, D cooking oil before frying is equal to 0.16%; 0.27%; 0.33%; 0.32%, and free fatty acid levels after few times frying is 0.19%; 0.29%; 0.37%; 0.36%. The test results of the peroxide sample A, B, C, D cooking oil before frying in the amount of 18.95 meq O2/kg; 27.63 meqO2/kg; 24.67 meq O2/kg; 23.29 meq O2/kg. Peroxide levels after several times frying is 26.25 meqO2/kg; 35.72 meqO2/kg; 34.54 meqO2/kg; 33.16 meqO2/kg. Average levels of free fatty acids cooking oil before frying is 0.27% and after frying to 0.30%, or an increase of 12.04%. While the average level of peroxide cooking oil before frying of 23.64 meqO2/kg and after frying be 32.42 meqO2/kg or an increase of 37.16%.
FORMULASI GELHAND SANITIZER DARI KITOSAN DENGAN BASIS NATRIUM KARBOKSIMETILSELULOSA
Authors: Supomo Supomo , Sukawati Yullia , Basyar Fredi
Published: January 2021

Chitosan has been widely used in industrial, food, pharmaceuticals and agriculture. Chitosan is a natural biocompatible polymers means that as nature does not have the side effect, non-toxic, can not be easily digested and broken down by microbes (biodegradable). This study aims to determine whether the chitosan may be formulated into dosage gel hand sanitizer that meets the requirements of the physical stability of the gel.Chitosan is formulated with 3 varying concentrations of Na CMC basis of 3%, 4.5% and 6%. Tests conducted gel formulation is the physical stability test which includes organoleptic test, homogeneity, pH test, test dispersive power, viscosity test and test consistency. Testing is done every week for 4 weeks of storage.Results of testing physical properties of chitosan gel hand sanitizer has the shape and color stable but the resulting aroma change during storage. pH gel meet the requirements, the consistency test of phase separation does not occur, the homogeneity test showed no homogeneous gel, gel dispersive power does not meet the requirements, the viscosity of the gel preparation third formula does not meet the requirements of viscosity gel
HUBUNGAN KERJASAMA DAN IMBALAN DENGAN KINERJA PEMEGANG PROGRAM PENANGGULANGAN PENYAKIT DI KOTA BALIKPAPAN
Authors: Adrianto Ratno
Published: January 2021

Various activities have been implemented in the prevention and control of disease in the city of Balikpapan, but based on the Health Profile 2012 field program is known that the achievement of disease control and environmental sanitation is still not maximal. This corresponds to an increase in cases of environment-linked diseases such as DBD, tuberculosis, diarrhea, ISPA and pneumonia each year. The quality of programperformance officer holder is a factor that affects the extent of success in achieving thehealth programs that have been established.The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between co-operation, in return, infrastructure and support superior to the performance of holders of Disease Prevention program in the city of Balikpapan. This type of research is analytic surveywith cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all employees of the holder of health programs in 27 health centers with a total sampling Balikpapan 54 people. The method used is the analysis of univariate and bivariate.The results showed no significant relationship between co-operation with the performance of the holder of the eradication program (ρ value 0.002), and betweenrewards to the performance of the holder of the eradication program (ρ value 0.027).Suggestions to increase cooperation and support employers through training soft skillsand personality, as well as leadership training management organizations, as well as considering pemberiaan remuneration policy. Thus achieving the health program can be run according to plan.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN ASUPAN SERAT PENDERITA DM DI POLI PENYAKIT DALAM RSUD Dr. Hi. ABDUL MOELOEK PROVINSI LAMPUNG TAHUN 2014
Authors: Muliani Usdeka
Published: January 2021

Indonesia is now facing degenerative diseases such as diabetes. From previous studies found fiber intake patients with DM is still much less than that recommended, while the fiber is very useful to control blood sugar levels in diabetic patient. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with fiber intake in patients with diabetes mellitus disease in internist clinic Dr H. Abdul Moeloek Hospital Lampung 2014? The experiment was used analytic research by cross sectional approach, a sample of 48 respondents. Data were analyzed by univariate and bivariate. The study concluded  the most respondents: (1) age 46-65 years 66.7%; (2) 70.8% of the female sex; (3) sufficient knowledge of fiber 56.2% (4)  never received nutritional counseling; (7) 85.4% less fiber intake. From the results of the bivariate analysis found no relationship between gender, knowledge, attitudes, education, and nutrition counseling with fiber intake respondents. Relative levels for respondents with knowledge and attitude toward less fiber, and fiber intake respondents are less good then advice the authors need to increase cooperation between the clinic personnel in order to refer all patients with DM to nutrition clinic in order to obtain nutritional counseling. Other suggestions in order to do further research to find out why fiber intake of diabetic patients are still lacking, and the study of other factors such as psychological, social culture, physical state, and the state of nutrition associated with fiber intake in diabetic patient
OPTIMASI FORMULA MATRIKS KITOSAN DENGAN METILSELULOSA PADA PELEPASAN TERKENDALI SEDIAAN GRANUL TEOFILIN
Authors: Suprianto Suprianto
Published: January 2021

The in vitro study was carried out on the release of active ingradient theophylline from granules prepared by moist granulation method. The granule matrix was prepared from the mixture of chitosan isolated from SwaIIo shrimp (Metapenaeus monoceros) (in accordance with the Protan Laboratories, Inc standard requirement) and methylceliuiose 1500 cps. The granules were filled into 850 mg capsules containing 200 mg theophylline. The maximum weight of chitosan and methylcellulose for each capsule was determined by factorial design 22.The result showed that, when the amount of chitosan was kept constant, an increase in the amount of methylcellulose will increase the release rate of theophylline from granules. The optimum weight of chitosan and methyIceIIuIose are 609.24 mg and 20.00 mg, respectively for one capsule.
FORMULASI GEL PATI BENGKUANG (Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb.) DENGAN GELLING AGENT METILSELULOSA
Authors: Warnida Husnul
Published: January 2021

Bengkuang roots (Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb.)  empirically have been used as cosmetics materials, primarily as sun screen and whitening agent. Bengkuang roots posses 6 compound which have tyrosinase inhibitory activities. Commercially, bengkuang roots available as whitening cream and lotion but those dosage forms are not suitable for oily skin. In this study the gel was formulated with varying methylcellulose (4% and 5%) as gelling agent. The evaluation included stability, organoleptic, pH, homogeneity, and spreading test. Formula A (4% methylcellulose) meets all physical requirements of gel. The result of acceptability (hedonic test. showed the most acceptance formula was formula A (4% methylcellulose).
UJI TOKSISITAS AKUT EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KEREHAU (Callicarpa longifolia Lam.) TERHADAP MENCIT PUTIH
Authors: Siswanto Eka , Sari Desy Nur Indah , Supomo Supomo
Published: January 2021

Leaves kerehau (Callicarpa longifolia Lam.) is one of the plants used for the treatment of malaria, ulcers, diarrhea, treatment after delivery, and fever, by drinking boiled water. Report usage and security kerehau leaves are still very few. The purpose of this study to determine the potential for acute toxicity by determining the value of LD50 (Lethal Dose 50) in 4 dose-rise that dose I, II, III, and IV of the ethanol extract of the leaves kerehau against this mice. The Research. Pharmacologically using experimental methods using a completely randomized design pattern is undirectional in the selection of test animals, They are 25 mice were divided into five groups (5 mice each group), with observed 4 hours to determine the toxic symptoms and continued observation every 24 hours for 7 days to see death. Results from this study show from 4 dose levels, dose group I = 16g / kg, group II = 8g / kg, group III = 4g / kg and group IV = 2g / kg and control = 0.5 ml Na-CMC. Symptoms namely the observation of behavior and neuromuscular but not on observations of the autonomic nervous, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and skin. LD50 value obtained is expressed by the LD50 (16g / kg) were categorized as practically non-toxic (> 15g / kg)
UJI AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL GAMBIR (Uncaria gambir Roxb.) TERHADAP PENYEMBUHAN LUKA BAKAR PADA KULIT PUNGGUNG MENCIT PUTIH JANTAN (Mus musculus)
Authors: Handayani Fitri , Siswanto Eka , Pangesti Lintang Ayu Trisna
Published: January 2021

Gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb.) contains flavonoids, tannins, saponins and alkaloids that can help in the healing process of burns on the back skin of mice. Gambir has been used for the treatment because it has the effect of antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory. Gambir is used by the people as a traditional medicine to treat burns.This research is experimental research. The object studied is the potential of gambir extract on healing burns of mice back skin. The number of mice used are 15 which divided into 5 groups: the positive control group (branded ointment), negative control group (vaseline flavum), group of gambir ethanol extract and vaseline flavum concentration of 25%, 35%, and 45%. Each group consisted of 3 mice.Backs of the mice induced using a heated solder which tip contained stainlees plate measuring 1x1 cm and placed for 2 seconds on the back skin of mice. The percentage of burns healing is obtained by calculating the surface area of the wound. The data were analyzed using ANOVA analysis followed by LSD test. The results showed that ethanol extract of gambir concentration of 25% with the healing burns percentage of (72.00%), the concentration of 35% (85.00%), and the concentration of 45% (88.67%) have activity on healing burns of back skin of mice. The results of data analysis using ANOVA showed that the data has significant differences with a significance value <0.05 is 0.000. LSD test results stated that each treatment group have significant differences with a significance value <0.05. It can be seen that with increasing dose will be followed by duration of burns healing
PERBAIKAN PERILAKU DAN TEKANAN DARAH PASIEN HIPERTENSI DI RSUD DR. H. MOCH. ANSARI SALEH BANJARMASIN SETELAH PEMBERIAN LEAFLET EDUKASI HIPERTENSI DAN TERAPINYA
Authors: Susanto Yugo , Alfian Riza
Published: January 2021

Hypertension is a condition of systolic blood pressure >140 mmHg and diastolic > 90 mmHg persistenly. Hypertension is as one of major risk factors for cardiovascular disease, kidney failure, and stroke. The prevalence of hypertension in South borneo is 30.8 %. The behavior is a key factor that inhibited blood pressure control that requires intervention to change patient behavior. The aim of this study were to investigate the influence of  pharmacists educational leaflet of hypertension and treatment given to behavior and blood pressure patient of ambulatory hypertension patients at Internal Disease Policlinic Dr. H. Moch Ansari Saleh Banjarmasin hospital. The study was conducted with quasi-experimental design. The ambulatory hypertension patients data were collected prospectively during the period of April until mei 2015. This study involved 45 patients who included in the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data collection was conducted by to assess the level of the patient’s behavior questionnaires and the blood pressure data were taken from their medical record. The results showed that giving educational leaflet of hypertension and treatment could increased knowledge, attitude, and practice significantly (p<0,05). The average of knowledge and attitude scores in pre measurement 2,60 ± 0,71, 2,44 ± 0,65 increased in post measurement 2,95 ± 0,20, 2,77 ± 0,51 were statistically different p=0,00. The average of practice scores in pre measurement 2,15 ± 0,85 increased in post measurement 2,48 ± 0,75 were statistically different p=0,03. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure also decreased with an average reduction of 14,44 ± 9,18 mmHg for systolic and diastolic was 9,55 ± 10,21 mmHg. Over all it can be conculed that the giving educational leaflet of pharmacist can improve patient behavior. Furthermore, it can decrease the blood pressure (p<0,05).
PERBANDINGAN PELARUT ETANOL DAN AIR PADA PEMBUATAN EKSTRAK UMBI BAWANG TIWAI (Eleutherine americana Merr) MENGGUNAKAN METODE MASERASI
Authors: Sa'adah Hayatus , Nurhasnawati Henny
Published: January 2021

Bawang tiwai (Eleutherine americana Merr) is one kind of medicinal plant. To obtain an active substances with good physical and chemical properties, it is needs to do optimization of making extracts, one with solvent optimization. Type of solvent will determine the types of extracted substances in accordance with the polarity. On this research, extraction of bawang tiwai bulbs simplicia by maceration method using ethanol and water as solvent. This research is an experimental research with varying ethanol and water in a three comparison solvent that is water, ethanol, and mixture of water-etanol, then the yields is calculated. Furthermore, the data were analyzed statistically using ANOVA program to determine significant differences in the three yields. In each extract was conducted phytochemical screening to determine the content of secondary metabolites. The results showed significant differences in the yield of bawang tiwai extract with three treatments and two repetitions. The results of average yields using water as solvent is 8.75%, ethanol 5.3%; and water-etanol 8.31%
ANALISIS KUANTITATIF KESADAHAN TOTAL AIR MINUM ISI ULANG YANG DIJUAL DI WILAYAH KAYU TANGI KOTA BANJARMASIN
Authors: Musiam Siska , Darmiani Siti , Putra Aditya Maulana Perdana
Published: January 2021

Water is one of the important needs for human body. Therefore, water which consumed should be healthy and have certain quality. One of its quality parameter is total hardness. Total hardness is the hardness which caused by Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions. Hard water, or water with a high level of total hardness, if consumed in long term can lead to hyperparatyroidsm, Nephrolithiasis, and musculusweakness. The aim of this study were to determine total hardness level of refill drinking waterwhich sold in Kayutangi Banjarmasin and to compare it with the standard parameter of total hardness in Permenkes 492/Menkes/IV/2010 which is 500 mg/L in maximum. There were 16 samples in this study that taken from refill drinking water store were found accidentally. The quantitative analysis was done by complexometry titration method with Na2-EDTA as titrant and Eriochrome Black T as indicator. The results showed that the ranges of total hardness level of 16 samples that determined between 35,64 – 99,00 mg/L which is suitable with the standard based on Permenkes 492/Menkes/IV/2010
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT (BAL) DARI BUAH MANGGA (Mangifera indica L.)
Authors: Ibrahim Arsyik , Fridayanti Aditya , Delvia Fila
Published: January 2021

The research has been done for the isolation and identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from mango (Mangifera indica L.). This research aimed to isolated of lactic acid bacteria that is in mango (Mangifera indica L.) and determine the characteristics of lactic acid bacteria isolate (LAB) of mango (Mangifera indica L.). The method used is spoiled  technique of mango (Mangifera indica L.) and isolation using selective media MRS Broth and MRS Agar. The identification isolate of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) used methods macroscopically and microscopically with indirect coloring, gram staining and used biochemical with katalase testing. The results obtained in the form of characteristic isolate of lactic acid bacteria displayed form of bacteria with circle, smooth surface, curve, entire side and white. The microscopically displayed stick form of bacteria and purple with gram coloring
FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN DIARE PADA BALITA DI KELURAHAN KAMPUNG BUGIS KOTA TANJUNGPINANG TAHUN 2014
Authors: Pusparianda Dewi
Published: January 2021

Health problems greatly influenced by behavioral factors and environmental factors. One of the diseases based on an unhealthy environment is diarrhea. Environmental sanitation and personal hygiene are less healthy will facilitate contracting the disease agents that cause diarrhea. This study aims to identify factors associated with the incidence of diarrhea in infants in Kampung Bugis Tanjungpinang 2014. Type of analytical research and observational methods Case control study design. Study subjects were sampled of 46, (23 cases and 23 controls). Sampling was conducted by consecutive sampling. Statsistik analysis using chi square test.  The results showed 67.4% use clean water that meets the requirements; 58.7%, had the habit of washing hands; 67.4% of healthy latrine use and 65.2% who do hygiene sanitation food properly. Results of statistical test Chi-Square on bivariate analysis showed no relationship fresh water use (p = 0.000); handwashing (p = 0.000); healthy latrine (p = 0.011) and food sanitation hygiene (p = 0.005) and the incidence of diarrhea. From the above results, it is necessary to motivate the community outreach effort in the procurement and use of clean water that meets the requirements, good hand washing habits, and the use of latrines are eligible.
FAKTOR SOSIODEMOGRAFI DENGAN KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP BAYI DI INDONESIA (ANALISIS DATA SDKI 2007)
Authors: Dewi Utami
Published: January 2021

It is recommended for a mother to initiate to give early breastfeeding for a newborn as the first breast milk is known to be nutritious and contains antibody. The delay of breastfeeding shows that non breast milk-supplementary food is given. Based on BPS and Macro International data 65% of infants received pre-lacteal feeds besides breast milk in their three days of life.The known relationship between sociodemography and infants’ survival in Indonesia.This was an observational study with a cohort retrospective study design by using IDHS data year 2007. Samples were all infants (<12 months, breastfed after birth) from mothers aged 15-49 years old as many as 15.679 mothers. The independent variable was sociodemography and the dependent variable was infants’ survival. The analyses used univariable, bivariable, and survival analysis with Kaplan-Meier and Log regression. Bivariable analysis using survival Kaplan-Meier showed that there was significant relationship between mother age with Log Rank 15,89 and p<0,05, mother education with Log Rank 16,25 and p<0,05 , place of residence with Log Rank 18,84 and p<0,05, socioeconomic with Log Rank 38,71 and p<0,05, birth attendant with Log Rank 17,35 and p<0,05 and infants’ survival. Sociodemography  was associated significant with an infant survival. Other factors affecting infant’s survival were birth attending with no professional and mother’s age <20 and ≥35 years old.
UJI AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL 96% BIJI SRIKAYA (Annona squamosa L.) SEBAGAI ANTIDIARE YANG DISEBABKAN OLEH BAKTERI Shigella dysenteriae DENGAN METODE DIFUSI CAKRAM
Authors: Rianto Leonov , Handayani Indri Astuti , Septiyani Annisa
Published: January 2021

This research aims to find out how to extract ethanol 96% seed custard apples as Antidiarrhoeal that is caused by bacteria Shigella dysenteriae with different concentrations and compare with chloramphenicol. In addition, also to find out whether their respective inhibitory power of concentration of ethanol 96% seed extract custard apples have a difference in meaning. Research done by experimental methods, was carried out in the laboratory of pharmaceutical Academy IKIFA. Testing was done using the diffusion disc method. The concentration of ethanol 96% seed extract custard apples are used i.e. 15%, 30%, 45%, 60%, and 75%. As positive controls used chloramphenicol 30 µg/ml and NaCl 0.9% as the negative control. Each test is carried out as many as eight repetitions. The results showed an average diameter drag power which formed on the test solution with a concentration of 15%, 30%, 45%, 60% and 75% respectively of 6,887 mm, 11,49 mm, 8,144 mm, 7,694 mm, 7,150 mm, whereas for chloramphenicol for 40,31 mm. Based on the results of the statistical tests there are meaningful differences between concentrations showed a meaningful difference between the concentration of 15% and 30%, 15% and 60% and 15% and 75%. Conclusion of this research is at a concentration of 15%, 96% ethanol extract of seeds of custard apples have been able to inhibit the growth of bacteria, Shigella dysenteriae
KELENGKAPAN INFORMASI MENGENAI CARA PENGGUNAAN PEAK FLOW METER YANG DIBERIKAN KEPADA PASIEN ASMA DI APOTEK
Authors: Lorensia Amelia , Queljoe Doddy De , Santosa Kristian Abram
Published: January 2021

Measurement of lung fungction  is a way to determine the effectiveness of a given therapy. A monitoring asthma symptoms is to see the value of peak expiratory flow (PEF) with a peak flow meter. The measurement is objective and can be used to predict the prognosis of asthma through the monitoring of conditions of the lung. This study aims to find out information on the use of a peak flow meter explanations given to the patient’s pharmacist in a pharmacy in a town in East Java. This research method is a non-experimental with cross sectional study. This study uses observation techniques in the form of a checklist, using the concept of a mysterious patient. Sampling by the proportional method, and then the data will be processed descriptively. The research sample of 80 pharmaceutical personnel consisting of 33 pharmacists and 47 non-pharmacists. In the group of non-pharmacists and pharmacists, the points most overlooked is the explanation of the recording of the results (number 6) and compared with the best value (number 8). Pharmacists still need to improve in understanding the basics and techniques in order to use a peak flow meter can help asthma patients to monitor their asthma medication
UJI EFEKTIVITAS DAYA ANTHELMINTIK JUS BIJI MENTIMUN (Cucumis Sativum, L) TERHADAP CACING ASCARIDIA GALLI SECARA IN VITRO
Authors: Rianto Leonov , Astuti Indri , Prihatiningrum Ika
Published: January 2021

Research has been conducted to review the efficacy of anthelmintic on seeing the juice of cucumber seeds ( Cucumis sativum , L ) Against Ascaridia galli by in vitro method . By experimental study was conducted , with samples of seeds of cucumber ( Cucumis sativum , L ) The smoothed and made with 3 concentrations That is 15 % , 30 % and 60 % . The experimental animals used is Ascaridia galli with negative control solution of NaCl 0.9 % and a positive control pyrantel pamoate suspension with concentrations of 0.2 % , 0.4 % and 0.6 % . The analysis of data is probit analysis be adopted . Results Of Research was claimed that the juice of cucumber seeds ( Cucumis sativum , L ) have anthelmintic efficacy against Ascaridia galli with 12.76 % LC50 and LT50 3 hours 4 minutes 39 seconds . Comparising with tables of LD50 value, the obtained dose is 472,59mg / kg and it is in no toxic category.
PENGARUH LAMA PEREBUSAN SIMPLISIA DAUN APAH (Albertisia papuana Becc.) YANG DIGUNAKAN SEBAGAI PENYEDAP MAKANAN OLEH MASYARAKAT KAB. TANA TIDUNG TERHADAP ANGKA CEMARAN MIKROBA
Authors: Rosnah Rosnah , Hendra Medi , Kusumawati Eko
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of long simplicia Apah’s leaves (Albertisia papuana Becc.) that’s used as a food’s flavoring by people of Kab. Tana Tidung against microbial contamination numbers. The design of research used a pattern completely randomized design (RAL), with a dilution series of samples 10-8, 10-9 and 10-10 and different boiling’s level (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 minutes). The results obtained that the longer of boiling process is used, then the less the number of microbial contamination of colony growth. Average number of microbial contamination in samples in the boiling of 5 minutes is 92 x 1010 microbial colonies, in boiling 10 minutes is 87 x 1010 microbial colonies, in boiling 15 minutes is 56 x 1010 microbial colonies, in boiling 20 min is 44 x 1010 colonies of microbes and the boiling simplicia infuse for 25 minutes is 33 x 1010 colonies of microbes. Based of Analysis variance variety in each treatment showed that in boiling 20 minutes and 25 minutes showed real significant difference (p <0.05), but the boiling 5, 10 and 15 minutes there was no significant difference (P> 0.05). The results of the Anova, showed that in boiling treatment of simplicia Apah’s leaves (Albertisia papuana Becc.) significantly affects the growth of microbial colonies. Analysis of Least Significant Difference (LSD) at the level of 95%, the result that the effects of long boiling the simplicia Apah’s leaves (Albertisia papuana Becc.) which is used as a food flavoring by people of Kab. Tana Tidung, significant effect on the numbers of microbial contamination
PENGARUH KEMASAN TERHADAP AKTIVITAS ANTI BAKTERI SUSPENSI ERITROMISIN SETELAH PENYINARAN DENGAN SINAR MATAHARI LANGSUNG
Authors: Hidayati Nurul
Published: January 2021

Erythromycin is a type of antibiotic medication. The drug is unstable when in the water because it can undergo hydrolysis process. Fortunately, it can be prevented by making dry syrup dosage form. In addition to hydrolysis, erythromycin can also have photolysis. For preventing the reaction, it can be done by packing the medication in an opaque and tightly closed container. This research was conducted to determine the effect of packaging on the stability of erythromycin suspension that has been exposed to direct sunlight within a period. The research was done by exposing erythromycin suspension, which was packed with three kinds of color packaging namely brown, translucent, and opaque, for 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 90 minutes and 120 minutes, then continued by a microbiological test with a diffusion method to determine the activity of erythromycin against Staphylococcus Aureus. The results of the research showed the existence of diameter of barrier areas around the spots that were given a test solution. It means that the test solution has antibiotic activity against bacteria. Preparations packaged in brown color have higher inhibition when compared with the opaque and translucent. It shows that the erythromycin suspension packaged in brown colors was more efficient in stabilizing the preparation
HUBUNGAN PEMBERIAN SUPLEMEN ZAT BESI (FE) PADA IBU HAMIL DENGAN BERAT BADAN LAHIR RENDAH (BBLR) DI RSUD ABDUL WAHAB SJAHRANIE SAMARINDA
Authors: K Iriyani
Published: January 2021

Babies of low birth weight is a baby who weighed less than 2500 grams. Low birth weight is caused by several factors i.e. a premature birth, small size baby, and IUGR (intra-uterine growth retardation). The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between supplemental iron (Fe) in pregnant women and low birth weight. The design research is quantitative method with Case Control approach using 116 samples from 58 cases and 58 control groups with a ratio of 1:1 for both sexes. The sampling method is purposive Sampling. Dana analyzed using Chi Square correlation test with CI 95% at value of α of 5%. The results showed that there was a correlations between supplemental Fe in pregnant women (ρ value = 0,001 with OR = 8.25) with low birth weight.  To reduce the high incidence of low birth weight, pregnant women are suggested to take Fe supplements or taking high content Fe meal everyday.
UJI KUALITAS SERUM SIMPANAN TERHADAP KADAR KOLESTEROL DALAM DARAH DI POLTEKKES KEMENKES KALTIM
Authors: Hartini Supri , Suryani Maria Eka
Published: January 2021

Clinical Chemistry Examination Guidelines stated several factors may affecting the stability of the specimen i.e. contaminant germs and chemicals, exposure to sunlight, the effects of temperature and metabolism of living cells such as blood cells. Blood specimens should be stored in the form of serum in a refrigerator at a temperature of 2-80 C. This study aimed to compare cholesterol levels of serum with no erythrocyte and with erythrocytes during storage for 3 and 9 days at 2-8ºC. This is an analytical survey to compare cholesterol levels in serum blood during storage. Data was analyzed using Independent Sample t-test. The result showed value p (0.410) is greater than α (0.05), so there is no correlation between serum with erythrocytes and with no erythrocytes in cholesterol at a temperature of 2-8 0C stored for 3 days and the p-value (0.162) is greater than α (0.05) then pat concluded that there was no influence of serum with erythrocytes and without erythrocytes to changes in cholesterol at a temperature of 2-8 0C during storage of 9 days
ANALISIS KINETIKA PELEPASAN TEOFILIN DARI GRANUL MATRIKS KITOSAN
Authors: Suprianto Suprianto
Published: January 2021

Moment the drug dosage form development, it is important to study the drug release or dissolution that is recognized as an element in drug development. Mathematical models could help optimize the design of drugs to produce models of drug release information. Analysis of quantitative values obtained when depicting dissolution drug release profiles more easily when the mathematical concepts used to describe the drug release kinetics model. Model release of drugs known include zero order, first order, Higuchi models, models Hixon Crowell and Peppas Korsmeyer models. The purpose of this review apply mathematical concepts to study the phenomenon of drug release theophylline granules matrix made from chitosan