bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FINANCIAL, ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL POLICY OF SPAIN IN THE NEW CONDITIONS
Authors:   Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ponedelko Galina
Published: January 2023

The article deals with the latest trends and problems of the economic and social development of Spain in conditions of large-scale geopolitical and energy crises, the deterioration of the terms of world trade caused by the war in Ukraine. The main ones are growing inflation, falling dynamic of domestic demand, business activity, negative growth rates in the agricultural sector of the economy, uncertainty in the development of some industries and services, growing social inequality. The author focuses her attention on the analysis of the current social policy of the government of the PSOE aimed primarily at mitigating inflationary blow to the socially vulnerable segments of the population. The article also discusses some new promising directions (in the field of employment policy, social security and education) and the mechanism of budget financing based on short-term and medium term planning, special bonus programs and, of course, the long-term basic “Spanish plan for the recovery, transformation and resilience of the national economy”. The successful implementation of this plan, approved by the European Commission and generously funded by European funds, could have a consolidating and a life-changing impact on other EU memberstates and on the Community as a whole. And vice versa.
THE EQUALITY OF RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS: RUSSIAN AND EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE
Authors:   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Makaev Artem
Published: January 2023

This article discusses problematic cases regarding the realization of constitutional and legal order of equality of religious organizations before the law in Russia and contemporary Europe. The purpose of the study is to compare the political and legal grounds and practices of the equality of religious associations in Europe and Russia. The paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the practices of implementing the constitutional principle of equality of religious associations before the law in the context of Russian and European experience. As part of the systematization and analysis of various models of state-confessional relations, the author comes to a number of legal and socio-political conclusions: firstly, the constitutional and legal regime of equality of religious associations that has developed in Russia is part of a pan-European trend, and also correlates with one of the pan-European main constitutional traditions; secondly, equality of religious associations is often understood by the Russian law enforcement officer as equality not legal, but factual, which makes it difficult to regulate various religious traditions in a similar way; thirdly, it is possible to classify European states in accordance with two approaches to state-confessional relations: from citizens to religious associations or from religious associations to citizens. The value of the conducted research consists in referring to the European experience and comparative analysis of the compliance of the Russian model of state-confessional relations with some European models that have proven themselves to be effective. The results of this study may be used in the legislative process and also while working out the plans and teaching of educational programs.
SWEDEN-2022: THE EVOLUTION OF THE POLITICAL LANDSCAPE
Authors:   Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences, Plevako Natalia
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the results of the elections to the Swedish parliament in September 2022. It shows the significance of these elections, which confirmed the transformation of the party-political system in this country, when stable inter-party unions were replaced by temporary coalitions of changing partners. The consequences of the significant strengthening of the nationalist Sweden Democrats party against the background of the weakening or stagnation of the old parliamentary parties are revealed. The discussed options and combinations of political parties applying for participation in the government are shown. The main features of the settlement of the current political crisis in Sweden are revealed, an explanation is given why exactly the renewed union of bourgeois parties gained an advantage and what is the role of the Swedish Democrats in the formation of the government. The author sees in the found formula for overcoming the political crisis only an intermediate stage in its resolution due to the complexity of the growing domestic and foreign policy problems.
PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS IN BULGARIA. «DEJA VU»?
Authors:   Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kandel Pavel
Published: January 2023

This article analyzes the background and results of the fourth elections held within 18 months to elect members of the National Assembly (02.10.2022). As predicted, the coalition government formed on the third attempt and led by Kiril Petkov, a leader of the new movement «We Continue the Change» did not last long. It fell victim to a no-confidence vote initiated by its main opponent, the GERB party of ex-premier Boyko Borisov. The latter gained unexpected support from Slavi Trifonov’s «There is such a people» movement, a member of the previous multi-party cabinet. This election, despite some changes in the party structure of the National Assembly, actually testified to the deep disappointment of the disillusioned Bulgarian voters in the entire political spectre. At the same time, they replicated the stalemate in the Parliament. Under such conditions, the formation of a new coalition cabinet is extremely unlikely and one should expect «déjà vu»: another caretaker government appointed and next elections announced by the president. The general conclusion to be drawn from the present developments is that the political system with parties being called upon as the main subjects of the parliamentary model and diligently exercising in discrediting parliamentarism instead is deeply sick. There is seemingly no way out of the protracted political crisis!
THE ROLE OF THE EU IN THE US NATIONAL SECURITY STRATEGY
Authors:   Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sharikov Pavel
Published: January 2023

The article addresses the priorities of US relations with European Union. The victory of Joseph Biden and Democratic Party on the elections of 2020 signified quite radical twist in US foreign policy. The election slogan «America is back» which won the White House for the Democratic Party and Congress, means restoration of transatlantic relationship, damaged by the previous administration. Growing cooperation between the U.S. and E.U. is defined by a long term trend towards global competitiveness between Western democracies led by the United States against Asian autocracies headed by China. Besides, another impetus towards transatlantic relations was given by Russia’s special military operation in Ukraine. The institutions of bilateral relations established by the Biden and Obama administration were used for coordinating the measures to support Ukraine, adopt new sanctions against Russia and general cooperation tracks between Western countries
CAN THE «VERTICAL» GIVE WAY TO THE «HORIZONTAL»?
Authors:   INION RAS, Lapina Natalia
Published: January 2023

The dualistic parliamentary-presidential character of the political regime of the Fifth Republic in France is analyzed, which is characterized by the broad powers of the president and the lack of a balance of power between the executive and legislative branches of government. The election cycle of 2022 has changed the configuration of the political space, the role of political parties © Лапина Наталия Юрьевна – д.полит.н., г.н.с., и.о. зав. Отделом глобальных проблем ИНИОН РАН. Научно-аналитический вестник ИЕ РАН, 2022, №6 Наталия Лапина Научно-аналитический вестник ИЕ РАН, 2022, №6 166 and Parliament has increased, the presidential party did not receive a parliamentary majority and had to look for situational partners when voting bills. The systemic parties were completely pushed to the periphery of political life and a three-pole political space was formed, in which radical opposition parties operate along with the presidential party «Renaissance». In the new situation, the authorities are facing an acute question about the methods of state management.
CZECH EXPERIENCE IN OVERCOMING THE MIGRATION CRISIS 2022
Authors:   Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vedernikov Mikhail
Published: January 2023

The article examines the experience of the Czech Republic in overcoming the migration crisis in 2022, which was caused by a special military operation in Ukraine. Despite the traditional ignorance of the problems of refugees from the Middle East and Africa, authorities, supported by the local population and non-profit organizations, were ready to provide large-scale assistance to Ukrainian refugees. The paper studies the main steps taken by P. Fiala’s Cabinet to support internally displaced persons. It is shown that measures were promptly taken to simplify the entry of Ukrainians into the labor market of the Czechia, access for children to educational institutions was opened, and temporary housing was provided. Amendments to the Czech legislation in the relevant areas of law and the weakening of the flow of refugees, already in the summer of 2022, allowed the Czechia to relatively easily go through the ordeal of the migration crisis, without using the country's full potential. At the same time, the study shows that the initial enthusiasm of the Czechs disappeared, and discussions began to arise about the formation of a Ukrainian minority in the Czechia and endowing it with political subjectivity. In turn, public opinion polls clearly showed that ordinary citizens were against the long stay of Ukrainians in the country
THE PROBLEM OF RIGHT TO DISCONNECT: EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE
Authors:   Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kolesov Denis
Published: January 2023

The study explores the right to disconnect as a means of regulation of digital labor management in the European Union and the Russian Federation. The issue of remote work regulation and preventing risks has become particularly crucial, due to the rise of remote work during the pandemic of COVID-19. Though social distancing measures were cancelled, society and business sphere had a demand for new types of work. The aim of the study is to scrutinise the features of the right to disconnect in the EU and Russia. The research briefly describes the changes in the working sphere as a result of digitalization as well as analyses the approaches to the right to disconnect and explores the practices of implementation of the right to disconnect in several EU country members and the changes in the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. The study reveals differences not only in the ways of implementation of the right to disconnect but also in the way the essence of the right is defined. In other words, the problem of the right to disconnect is based on what is meant by «disconnect» and digital rights. The study sheds light on one of the components of the system of regulation of digital labor management as well as on the importance of differentiating between the right to disconnect and similar existing rights.
A Victory for Democracy in Brazil?
Authors: Atencio Rebecca , Sanglard Fernanda
Published: January 2023

Despite Jair Bolsonaro’s persistent efforts to undermine public trust in the 2022 election results, his defeat was upheld and Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva returned to the presidency. But the subsequent storming of government offices by Bolsonaro’s supporters, along with other challenges facing Lula, left the country at an uncertain juncture.
Endothelial cell‐derived oxysterol ablation attenuates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Authors: Ruiz Florian , Peter Benjamin , Rebeaud Jessica , Vigne Solenne , Bressoud Valentine , Roumain Martin , Wyss Tania , Yersin Yannick , Wagner Ingrid , Kreutzfeldt Mario , Pimentel Mendes Marisa , Kowalski Camille , Boivin Gael , Roth Leonard , Schwaninger Markus , Merkler Doron , Muccioli Giulio G , Hugues Stephanie , Petrova Tatiana V , Pot Caroline
Published: January 2023

The vasculature is a key regulator of leukocyte trafficking into the central nervous system (CNS) during inflammatory diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the impact of endothelial‐derived factors on CNS immune responses remains unknown. Bioactive lipids, in particular oxysterols downstream of Cholesterol‐25‐hydroxylase (Ch25h), promote neuroinflammation but their functions in the CNS are not well‐understood. Using floxed‐reporter Ch25h knock‐in mice, we trace Ch25h expression to CNS endothelial cells (ECs) and myeloid cells and demonstrate that Ch25h ablation specifically from ECs attenuates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Mechanistically, inflamed Ch25h‐deficient CNS ECs display altered lipid metabolism favoring polymorphonuclear myeloid‐derived suppressor cell (PMN‐MDSC) expansion, which suppresses encephalitogenic T lymphocyte proliferation. Additionally, endothelial Ch25h‐deficiency combined with immature neutrophil mobilization into the blood circulation nearly completely protects mice from EAE. Our findings reveal a central role for CNS endothelial Ch25h in promoting neuroinflammation by inhibiting the expansion of immunosuppressive myeloid cell populations.
Long-term outcome of thyroid abnormalities in patients with severe Covid-19
Authors: Muller Ilaria , Daturi Anita , Varallo Matteo , Re Tiziana E , Dazzi Davide , Maioli Sara , Crivicich Erica , Di Marco Francesco , Longari Virgilio , Dazzi Beatrice , Castellani Massimo , Mantovani Giovanna , Arosio Maura , Salvi Mario
Published: January 2023

Objective

We have previously observed thyroid dysfunction, i.e. atypical thyroiditis (painless thyrotoxicosis associated with non-thyroidal illness syndrome), in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 disease (Covid-19). This study aimed to analyse the evolution of thyroid dysfunction over time.

Methods

One hundred eighty-three consecutive patients hospitalised for severe Covid-19 without known thyroid history were studied at hospital admission (baseline). Survivors were offered 12-month longitudinal follow-up including assessment of thyroid function, autoantibodies and ultrasound scan (US). Patients showing US focal hypoechoic areas suggestive of thyroiditis (focal hypoechogenicity) also underwent thyroid 99mTc or 123I uptake scan.

Results

At baseline, after excluding from TSH analysis, 63 out of 183 (34%) Covid-19 patients commenced on steroids before hospitalisation, and 12 (10%) showed atypical thyroiditis. Follow-up of 75 patients showed normalisation of thyroid function and inflammatory markers and no increased prevalence of detectable thyroid autoantibodies. Baseline US (available in 65 patients) showed focal hypoechogenicity in 28% of patients, of whom 82% had reduced thyroid 99mTc/123I uptake. The presence of focal hypoechogenicity was associated with baseline low TSH (P = 0.034), high free-thyroxine (FT4) (P = 0.018) and high interleukin-6 (IL6) (P = 0.016). Focal hypoechogenicity persisted after 6 and 12 months in 87% and 50% patients, respectively, but reduced in size. After 9 months, thyroid 99mTc/123I uptake partially recovered from baseline (+28%) but was still reduced in 67% patients.

Conclusions

Severe Covid-19 induces mild transient thyroid dysfunction correlating with disease severity. Focal hypoechogenicity, associated with baseline high FT4, IL6 and low TSH, does not seem to be related to thyroid autoimmunity and may persist after 1 year although decreasing in size. Long-term consequences seem unlikely.
After “The Talk”: Adolescents’ Perspectives Reveal Need for Improvement in Hospital Sexual Health Care Delivery
Authors: Mehta Sonia , Porada Kelsey , Liegl Melodee , Pan Amy , McFadden Vanessa
Published: January 2023

OBJECTIVES

To fill access gaps for adolescents, addressing sexual and reproductive health (SRH) is recommended in nontraditional settings. In previous improvement work, we increased documentation of sexual history to >80% of adolescents hospitalized on our pediatric hospital medicine (PHM) service. This study assessed adolescents’ perception of SRH conversations with hospital providers and the extent to which they were helpful.

METHODS

Postdischarge survey of patients 13 to 17 years discharged from the PHM service at an academic children’s hospital between August 2019 and March 2020. Survey items included demographics; whether confidential discussion of sexual health topics such as contraception, sexually transmitted infection (STI), and sexual orientation occurred; perceptions of these discussions, and sexual history.

RESULTS

Eighty-three patients enrolled and 44 (53%) completed the survey after discharge. A total of 68% of respondents were female and median age was 15 years (interquartile range 14–16). A total of 77% reported discussing SRH privately with a PHM provider. A total of 18% recalled discussing condoms, and 63% rated the discussion helpful. A total of 27% of females reported discussing birth control, and 40% rated it helpful. A total of 57% recalled discussing sexual orientation, and 40% rated it helpful. None reported discussions of STI testing with PHM. Of the 23% who were sexually active, none reported being given condoms.

CONCLUSIONS

Analysis of adolescent patient experiences identified opportunities for continued improvement in the content and quality of SRH discussions, specifically regarding offering STI testing, condom distribution, and sexual orientation conversations. Our work highlights the importance of incorporating patient-reported data into improvement work to ensure providers are addressing targeted gaps in adolescent care.
Analysis of the impact of eco-design on the circular economy: a bibliometric analysis of publications in Spain
Authors: Rodríguez-Martín Jesús , López-Errasti Oihana , Ruiz-de Arbulo López Patxi
Published: January 2023

“Circular economy” and “eco-design” are concepts that people not only understand but also demand. The scarcity of resources and their fluctuating cost forces us to transform linear production systems into circular ones, which implies the entire life cycle of the product. This study arises from this fact, to analyze the impact of eco-design on the circular economy. We developed a bibliometric analysis in the research community of Spain, analyzing the frequencies, typology, and evolution of knowledge. We define a conceptual framework of the two concepts, to reaffirm our results after applying the analysis in a very deep way. We carefully reviewed 86 articles that adhered to the defined variables. Both quantitative and co-occurrence analyses have been performed. This makes it possible to differentiate three clear fields of knowledge – the cradle-to-grave approach, energy efficiency and emission reduction, and the circular economy and eco-design group. The results are quite clear in the Spanish sphere, and it can be stated that there has been instability until 2016, that is, until the action of the European Commission. There are collaboration networks with other countries. The co-occurrence analysis indicates that, until 2016, these terms have given way to those of “circular economy” and “climate change,” without neglecting “eco-design,” as a tool for action, that, although it was published before, it is shown that they are complementary.
Rigorous spherical bearing with Soldner coordinates and azimuth angles on sphere
Authors: Bektaş Sebahattin
Published: January 2023

Meridian systems, called Soldner coordinates (parallel coordinate) systems, have found wide application in geodesy. In particular, the meridian system constitutes a suitable base for the Gauss-Kruger projection of the ellipsoid and the sphere. Soldner coordinates can be used in Cassini-Soldner projection without any processing. As it is known, the directions of the edges are shown with azimuth angles in the geographic coordinate system and the bearing angles in the Soldner coordinate system. Bearing or azimuth angles are frequently used in geodetic calculations. These angles give the direction of sides in the clockwise direction from a certain initial direction. Both angle values range from 0 to 360 degrees and are usually calculated from the arctan function. But the arctan function returns an angle value between -90 and +90 degrees. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the quarter for the angle found. For practical computations, the quadrants of the arctangents are determined by the signs of the numerator and denominator in the tangent formulas. Determining the quarter of the angles is done with if…, then…, end..., blocks on the computer. It should be noted that each comparison requires a separate processing time. This study will be given how to calculate both bearing and azimuth angles with direct formulas without any need to examine them. In addition, a solution proposal will be given against the division by zero errors in the bearing and azimuth angles calculations.
La naturaleza de la relación entre la historia y la literatura: consideraciones teóricas y miradas críticas sobre la novela histórica
Authors: Brenet Tomasz Jerzy
Published: January 2023

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las cuestiones relacionadas con la novela histórica como un género cuyo papel en la vida social excede (o puede exceder) las funciones puramente recreativas que se le asignan. El artículo comienza con una discusión sobre los problemas de definición y clasificación de la novela, en el contexto de la enorme diversidad de géneros literarios, resultado en parte de las discrepancias metodológicas de investigadores individuales, así como de los supuestos ideológicos que prevalecieron en el contexto histórico de una época dada. Mientras se discute el desarrollo histórico de la novela histórica, se presentan y comentan las deliberaciones de los tres principales teóricos de la novela, Georg Lukács, Ian Watt y Mijaíl Bajtín, sobre la forma, convención y diferenciación interna del género. Luego se discute la escritura histórica, que no sólo tiene un valor documental, sino también el potencial de verificar hechos reconstruidos y procesados ​​del pasado. El artículo concluye con consideraciones sobre el estado actual de la novela histórica y su capacidad para moldear la conciencia histórica y la memoria colectiva de las sociedades.
Beyond Contraceptives: Family Planning, Anti-abortionism, and Sexual Education in Paraguay, 1966-1977
Authors: Chesterton Bridget María
Published: January 2023

Este articulo estudia el Centro Paraguayo de Estudios de la Población (CEPEP) cuando la institución estuvo bajo la dirección del Dr. Darío Castagnino. El estudio considera sus razones personales y profesionales al comenzar a trabajar en el campo de estudios familiar. Más allá, el estudio considera cómo el anti-abortionismo era la filosofía que llevó la organización a educar al publico paraguayo en varias métodos de anticoncepción y educación sexual. Usando testimonios orales y documentación de la organización, este articulo busca comprender con un mayor conocimiento de cómo la planificación familiar y educación sexual fue dirigida a un publico interesado.
Between Women: Female Health Workers and the Struggle to Transform Diets in Rural Mexico, 1920-1960
Authors: Aguilar Rodríguez Sandra
Published: January 2023

El presente artículo explora los discursos y las practicas alimenticias entre 1920 y 1960 a través del análisis de las políticas y programas nutricionales en México. Tras la revolución mexicana incrementó el interés en torno a cómo mejorar la alimentación de las clases obreras y campesinas. Médicos y creadores de políticas públicas consideraron que una mejor dieta tendría un impacto positivo en la salud y productividad de los trabajadores, lo cual eventualmente se reflejaría en su salario. Se asumía que los trabajadores se ausentaban del espacio laboral debido a enfermedad o debilidad física, lo cual afectaba su productividad e ingresos. Los discursos de nutrición estuvieron influenciados por las teorías eugenésicas, así como por la ideología del mestizaje, lo cual se materializaba en los programas de bienestar social creados por el estado mexicano. Las mujeres tuvieron un papel central en dichos programas, ya que estuvieron a cargo de implementarlos y además fueron blanco principal de éstos. Las enfermeras visitadoras y los médicos trataron de introducir ideales y valores de clase media en la vida cotidiana de obreros y campesinos, sin abordar los problemas centrales: la falta de recursos y acceso a servicios básicos.
English as a Foreign Language University (EFL) Students’ Perception of Dictionary Use and Training
Authors: Charpentier Jiménez William
Published: January 2023

This article examines students’ perceptions of dictionary use and training in English as a Foreign Language (EFL). The needs of English as a foreign language students in terms of specific dictionary types have received little attention. This research was conducted with 48 English as a foreign language students at a public university in Costa Rica over a year. The researcher used a survey (Appendix 1) to collect students’ opinions about the role of the dictionary in their major. Data indicates that: 1) not all dictionary types are known and used by students, 2) students favor the electronic dictionary over the paper dictionary, and 3) dictionary instruction is weak despite its perceived importance by learners. These conclusions are consistent with the literature surveyed. Furthermore, students’ opinions suggest that dictionary instruction and exposure have not been adequately approached in the language educational program. These results should advance new educational policies that promote the systematic and progressive inclusion of dictionary instruction across the study plan.
Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) Level and Needs of Pre-Service English as a Foreign Language (EFL) Teachers: Evidence from Turkey
Authors: Farhadi Sepide , Öztürk Gökhan
Published: January 2023

The current study investigated the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) level and needs of pre-service teachers through a convergent parallel design. The participants included 120 English as a Foreign Language (EFL) pre-service teachers, 79 females and 41 males, studying at a state university in Turkey. The TPACK-Deep scale developed by Kabakçı-Yurdakul et al. (2012) served as the quantitative data collection instrument and an open-ended questionnaire was used to collect qualitative data on the opinion and needs of the participants. As for the analysis of quantitative data, the authors employed descriptive statistics. On the other hand, a thematic analysis was implemented for the qualitative data. The findings indicated that EFL pre-service teachers generally had a high level of TPACK proficiency. Moreover, the TPACK needs of student teachers were mainly related to technology-based problems (TK, TCK, and TPK) and access to technological tools. Finally, at the end of the article, further suggestions and implications are provided for prospective studies and scholars over the above-mentioned issues.
Superficies elípticas y el décimo problema de Hilbert
Authors: Pastén Héctor
Published: January 2023

Es sabido que se obtendría una solución negativa al décimo problema de Hilbert para el anillo de enteros OF de un campo de números F si Z fuera diofantino en OF. Denef y Lipshitz conjeturaron que esto último ocurre para todo F. En esta nota se demuestra que la conjetura de Denef y Lipshitz es consecuencia de una conocida conjetura sobre superficies elípticas.
Eco-friendly based stability-indicating HPTLC technique for the determination of Escitalopram and Etizolam by employing quality by design approach
Authors: Perumal Durgadevi , Krishnan Manikandan , Lakshmi K.S.
Published: January 2023

The two chemical components Escitalopram (ESC) and Etizolam (ETZ) are beneficial for the health of individuals because it helps to treat anxiety. The study mainly illustrated that a green approach is essential in the medical sector with the help of “Green Analytical quality by design”. According to AQbD, the techniques of HPTLC have become eco-friendly, and decided to use “ESC” and “ETZ”. Hence, ethanol and phosphate buffer pH 3.5 adjusted with 1% “orthophosphoric acid”. After the retardation factor, the product ESC was found at 0.34 min and ETZ was found at 0.53 min. The linearity of ETZ the range varies from 300 to 1800 μg mL−1 and for ESC it varies from 100 to 600 μg mL−1. The validation parameter of R2 Values ranged from 0.9997 to 0.9994 for both ESC and ETZ. The study also demonstrated that different other methods were also useful for the medical sector to make it more convenient and eco-friendly. Some of those approaches are “GAPI”, “AGMS”, “NEMI”, and “AGREE”. The outcome of the study helped to find that the technique “HPTLC” is a green analytic design that helps to maintain the stability of the medicine and it was also approved as a quality design and also a novel approach in the pharmaceutical sector.
A variáns bal oldali közös tüdővéna prognosztikus jelentősége transzkatéteres tüdővéna-izolációt követően
Authors: Kiss Márton , Simkovits Dániel , Nagy Zsófia , Som Zoltán , Földesi Csaba , Kardos Attila
Published: January 2023

Bevezetés: A bal oldali közös tüdővénás törzs a tüdővénák
leggyakoribb anatómiai variációja, mely befolyásolhatja a tüdővéna-izoláció
sikerességét. Célkitűzés: Célunk a beavatkozási adatok és a
kimenetel összehasonlítása volt bal oldali közös tüdővénás törzs, illetve normál
bal pitvari anatómia esetén, rádiófrekvenciás, illetve krioballonnal végzett
katéterablatiót követően. Módszer: A Gottsegen György Országos
Kardiovaszkuláris Intézetben 2019. 10. 01. és 2022. 03. 10. között paroxizmális
és perzisztens pitvarfibrilláció miatt tüdővéna-izoláción átesett, a beavatkozás
előtt cardialis CT-vizsgálattal rendelkező betegek adatait értékeltük
retrospektív módon. Bal oldali közös törzsként definiáltunk minden olyan esetet,
amelynél a bal oldali felső és alsó tüdővéna legalább 5 mm-rel a bal pitvari
beszájadzás előtt összenyílt. Eredmények: A vizsgált
populációból (n = 210) 42, bal oldali közös törzzsel (vizsgált csoport) és 60,
normál bal pitvari anatómiával rendelkező (kontrollcsoport) beteg adatait
elemeztük. A közös törzzsel rendelkező és a kontrollcsoport között a demográfiai
adatok és a társbetegségek tekintetében nem találtunk szignifikáns különbséget.
A beavatkozási adatokban (beavatkozási időtartam, sugáridő, bal pitvari
tartózkodási idő, sugárdózis) rádiófrekvenciás és krioballonnal végzett ablatio
esetén nem volt különbség a két csoport között. Rádiófrekvenciás ablatiót
követően a sikerarány az 1 éves utánkövetésnél a közös törzzsel rendelkezők
esetében 72,0%, a kontrollcsoportban 76,2% volt (p = 0,659). Krioballonos
ablatio esetén a sikerarány 64,7%, illetve 69,2% volt közös törzs, illetve
normálanatómia esetén (p = 0,641). Következtetés: A
beavatkozási paraméterek és a klinikai kimenetel tekintetében nem volt
szignifikáns különbség a bal oldali közös tüdővénás törzzsel és a normál bal
pitvari anatómiával rendelkező betegek között. Mind a rádiófrekvenciás, mind a
krioballonnal végzett ablatio jól alkalmazható ebben a populációban. Orv Hetil.
2023; 164(4): 140–147.
Congenitalis aniridia – egy spektrumbetegség magyarországi adatai
Authors: Náray Annamária , Csidey Mária , Kéki-Kovács Klaudia , Németh Orsolya , Knézy Krisztina , Bausz Mária , Szigeti Andrea , Csorba Anita , Kormányos Kitti , Szabó Dorottya , Stachon Tanja , Corton Marta , Tory Kálmán , Nagy Zoltán Zsolt , Maka Erika , Szentmáry Nóra
Published: January 2023

Bevezetés: A congenitalis aniridia ritka betegség, melynek fő
jellemzője a szivárványhártya teljes vagy részleges hiánya, azonban a szem
összes struktúrájában jelen lehetnek elváltozások. Célkitűzés:
Társuló szembetegségek előfordulásának meghatározása congenitalis aniridiában,
egy magyarországi centrum betegeinek vizsgálatával. Betegek és
módszerek: Munkánkba a Semmelweis Egyetem Szemészeti Klinikáján
2005. október és 2022. május között aniridia diagnózisával vizsgált betegeket
válogattunk be. A betegek anamnézisfelvételét követően részletes szemészeti
vizsgálatot végeztünk. Eredmények: Az adatbázisban talált 82
betegből 33 jelent meg vizsgálaton (életkor: 25,69 ± 17,49 [5–59] év, 17 nő
[51,51%]), és 65 szemet vizsgáltunk. Nystagmust 23 beteg 45 szemén (69,23%)
találtunk, a vizsgált betegek korrigálatlan távoli látóélessége 0,14 ± 0,128
(0,9 logMAR; 0,63–0,005) volt. Az aniridiához társult keratopathia 8 szem
(12,3%) esetén Grade 0., 10 szem (15,38%) esetén Grade 1., 16 szem (24,62%)
esetén Grade 2., 4 szem (6,15%) esetén Grade 3. és 25 szem (38,46%) esetén Grade
4. volt. 15 beteg 30 szeme (46,15%) esetén találtunk szekunder glaucomát, 3
beteg 6 szemét (9,2%) glaucomagyanúsnak ítéltük meg. 8 szem (12,3%) esetén a
lencse tiszta volt, 44 szem (67,69%) esetén találtunk szürke hályogot, melyből
22 (33,84%) elülső kérgi polaris szürke hályog volt. 13 szem (20%) volt
pseudophakiás (PCL), és 7 szem (10,77%) esetén találtunk lencsediszlokációt vagy
zonulainsufficientiát. Maculahypoplasia 3 beteg 6 szeme (4,6%) esetén,
papillafejlődési rendellenesség 1 beteg 2 szeme (3,03%) esetén volt igazolható.
Következtetés: A congenitalis aniridia szemészeti jelei az
aniridiához társult keratopathia, másodlagos zöld hályog, szürke hályog, macula-
és opticushypoplasia. A szemészeti eltérések ellátásához és gondozásához a
különféle szemészeti szakterületek rendszeres, gondos együttműködése szükséges.
Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(4): 148–155.
Śląskie uniwersalia onimiczne na przykładzie nazw geograficznych pochodzących od nazw ptaków
Authors:   Uniwersytet Opolski, Polska, Lech-Kirstein Danuta
Published: January 2023

The subject matter of this paper is the geographic names of Silesia derived from the names of birds. Polish and German appellative-derived names of inhabited and uninhabited buildings, as well as oronyms and hydronyms have been analysed. Names of bird species are presented as a universal bases for geographic names in both languages. The analytical part focuses on particular names, their locations, the first records, as well as the real and symbolical meanings of their appellative name-forming bases. The analysis shows a clear similarity in the name-forming trends in both languages. Topographic names describing terrain with respect to certain fauna species occurring there constitute a significant majority (for instance, the most frequent oronym bases are species of birds of prey or night birds). There are also similarities between the symbolical meanings of particular bird species, as well as their valuation. The geographic names derived from the names of birds can therefore be considered to be onimic universals shaping the image of reality in both the Polish and German languages.
Świnia niejedno ma imię – ewolucja motywacji nazewniczych w kontekście przemian kulturowych i społecznych
Authors:   Szkoła Doktorska Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, Polska, Zawadzka Dominika
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this paper is an analysis of the proper names of pigs from a diachronic perspective. Based on Stefan Warchoł’s research about traditional folk zoonymy, and individual research, including the names of pigs housed in shelters, the dynamic for naming animals was analysed. The focus was mainly on the categorisation and tabulating the frequency of names over time. An important aspect was to consider the subjectivity of the pigs in the context of the names given to them.
Granice inwencji imienniczej w Polsce – w diachronicznej perspektywie językoznawczej i prawnej
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Mika Justyna
Published: January 2023

In order to capture the boundaries mentioned in the title, the subject of description in this study were legal regulations regarding the matter of giving (changing) names that have been in force in Poland over the years, since the post-war period, the verdicts of courts that have settled disputes on names and linguists speaking on naming matters, as well as, supplementarily, conclusions flowing from the analysis of publicly available lists of names from the PESEL register and selected fragments of correspondence between the Polish Language Council and persons/institutions requesting value judgements on names.
Domniemane ślady ptolemejskiego hydronimu Τουροῦντος w nowożytnej toponimii basenu średniej Dźwiny
Authors:   Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie, Polska, Babik Zbigniew
Published: January 2023

The present paper discusses toponymic premises which prompt some, primarily Russian historians and enthusiasts, to recognize vestiges of a river name Τουροῦντоς (Lat. Turuntus), the Ptolemaic denomination of an eastern tributary of the Baltic Sea, sometimes identified with the Western Dvina, in the contemporary toponymy of the middle drainage basin of the latter river. Among these, incontestable onomastic facts are the oikonyms and hydronyms Tarantovo, Byelorussian Tarantova (including variants in Turunt- and Turant-?), Tarantovka, occurring at present or in the past (their attestations known to us date from the mid-16th century) in at least six mutually distant areas of the neighboring Vitebsk (Byelorussia) and Pskov (Russia) Regions (their localization and identification have now been successfully pinned down). On the basis of modern toponomastics, which is increasingly unwilling to disregard vocalic correspondences, naming structure, etymological environment, structure productivity or geographical context, an identity of the consonantal skeleton alone is largely insufficient to postulate a genetic link between these East Slavic place names and the antique form. Their structure suggests that they may have derived from a person’s name Tarant(a), whose origin and history in that area must become a subject of further research. As far as Τουροῦντоς itself is concerned, it occurs in a context which raises fundamental doubts about its real character (the coordinates of the estuary were determined incorrectly, the context consists solely of other macrohydronyms which similarly were localized wrongly and did not continue into the fully historical period).
Cooperative Control of Traffic Signals and Vehicle Trajectories
Authors: Agafonov Anton , Yumaganov Alexander
Published: January 2023

The transportation system is one of the most important parts of the country's economy. At the same time, the growth in road traffic has a significant negative impact on the economic performance of the industry. One of the ways to increase the efficiency of using the transportation infrastructure is to manage traffic flows, incl. by controlling traffic signals at signalized intersections. One of the trends in the development of intelligent transportation systems is the creation of vehicular ad hoc networks that allow the exchange of information between vehicles and infrastructure, as well as the development of autonomous vehicles. As a result, it becomes possible to formulate the problem of cooperative control of vehicle trajectories and traffic signals to increase the capacity of intersections and reduce fuel consumption and travel time. This paper presents a method for managing traffic flow at an intersection, which consists of the cooperative control of traffic signals and trajectories of connected/autonomous vehicles. The developed method combines an algorithm for the adaptive control of traffic signals based on a deterministic model for predicting the movement of vehicles and a two-stage algorithm for constructing the trajectory of vehicles. The objective optimization function used to construct the optimal trajectories takes into account fuel consumption, travel time on the road lane, and waiting time at the intersection. Experimental studies of the developed method were carried out in the microscopic traffic simulation package SUMO using three simulation scenarios, including two synthetic scenarios and a scenario in a real urban environment. The results of experimental studies confirm the effectiveness of the developed method in terms of fuel consumption, travel time, and waiting time in comparison with the adaptive traffic signal control algorithm.
Machine-Synthesized Control of Nonlinear Dynamic Object Based on Optimal Positioning of Equilibrium Points
Authors: Shmalko Elizabeth
Published: January 2023

When solving an optimal control problem with both direct and indirect approaches, the main technique is to transfer the optimal control problem from the class of infinite-dimensional optimization to a finite-dimensional one. However, with all these approaches, the result is an open-loop program control that is sensitive to uncertainties, and for the implementation of which in a real object it is necessary to build a stabilization system. The introduction of the stabilization system changes the dynamics of the object, which means that the optimal control and the optimal trajectory should be calculated for the object already taking into account the stabilization system. As a result, it turns out that the initial optimal control problem is complex, and often the possibility of solving it is extremely dependent on the type of object and functionality, and if the object becomes more complex due to the introduction of a stabilization system, the complexity of the problem increases significantly and the application of classical approaches to solving the optimal control problem turns out to be time-consuming or impossible. In this paper, a synthesized optimal control method is proposed that implements the designated logic for developing optimal control systems, overcoming the computational complexity of the problem posed through the use of modern machine learning methods based on symbolic regression and evolutionary optimization algorithms. According to the approach, the object stabilization system is first built relative to some point, and then the position of this equilibrium point becomes a control parameter. Thus, it is possible to translate the infinite-dimensional optimization problem into a finite-dimensional optimization problem, namely, the optimal location of equilibrium points. The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated by solving the problem of optimal control of a mobile robot.
Vectorization Method of Satellite Images Based on Their Decomposition by Topological Features
Authors: Eremeev Sergey , Abakumov Artyom , Andrianov Dmitry , Shirabakina Tamara
Published: January 2023

Vectorization of objects from an image is necessary in many areas. The existing methods of vectorization of satellite images do not provide the necessary quality of automation. Therefore, manual labor is required in this area, but the volume of incoming information usually exceeds the processing speed. New approaches are needed to solve such problems. The method of vectorization of objects in images using image decomposition into topological features is proposed in the article. It splits the image into separate related structures and relies on them for further work. As a result, already at this stage, the image is divided into a tree-like structure. This method is unique in its way of working and is fundamentally different from traditional methods of vectorization of images. Most methods work using threshold binarization, and the main task for them is to select a threshold coefficient. The main problem is the situation when there are several objects in the image that require a different threshold. The method departs from direct work with the brightness characteristic in the direction of analyzing the topological structure of each object. The proposed method has a correct mathematical description based on algebraic topology. On the basis of the method a geoinformation technology has been developed for automatic vectorization of raster images in order to search for objects located on it. Testing was carried out on satellite images from different scales. The developed method was compared with a special tool for vectorization R2V and showed a higher average accuracy. The average percentage of automatic vectorization of the proposed method was 81%, and the semi-automatic vectorizing module R2V was 73%.
The Method of Forming a Digital Shadow of the Human Movement Process Based on the Combination of Motion Capture Systems
Authors: Obukhov Artem , Volkov Andrey , Vekhteva Nadezhda , Patutin Kirill , Nazarova Alexandra , Dedov Denis
Published: January 2023

The article deals with the problem of forming a digital shadow of the process of moving a person. An analysis of the subject area was carried out, which showed the need to formalize the process of creating digital shadows to simulate human movements in virtual space, testing software and hardware systems that operate on the basis of human actions, as well as in various systems of musculoskeletal rehabilitation. It was revealed that among the existing approaches to the capture of human movements, it is impossible to single out a universal and stable method under various environmental conditions. A method for forming a digital shadow has been developed based on combining and synchronizing data from three motion capture systems (virtual reality trackers, a motion capture suit, and cameras using computer vision technologies). Combining the above systems makes it possible to obtain a comprehensive assessment of the position and condition of a person regardless of environmental conditions (electromagnetic interference, illumination). To implement the proposed method, a formalization of the digital shadow of the human movement process was carried out, including a description of the mechanisms for collecting and processing data from various motion capture systems, as well as the stages of combining, filtering, and synchronizing data. The scientific novelty of the method lies in the formalization of the process of collecting data on the movement of a person, combining and synchronizing the hardware of the motion capture systems to create digital shadows of the process of moving a person. The obtained theoretical results will be used as a basis for software abstraction of a digital shadow in information systems to solve the problems of testing, simulating a person, and modeling his reaction to external stimuli by generalizing the collected data arrays about his movement.
Pierwszy okres działalności Świętej Kongregacji Obrzędów. Od konstytucji apostolskiej „Immensa aeterni Dei” Sykstusa V do konstytucji apostolskiej „Caelestis Hierusalem cives” Urbana VIII
Authors: Królikowski Janusz
Published: January 2023

Początkowe dzieje Świętej Kongregacji Obrzędów, jednej z kluczowych kongregacji kurii rzymskiej, mają kluczowe znaczenie dla ukształtowania się współczesnej koncepcji świętości kanonizowanej. Artukuł dotyczy czasu od promulgowania konstytucji apostolskiej Immensa aeterni Dei (1588) przez Sykstusa V do konstytucji apostolskiej Caelestis Hierusalem cives (1634) Urbana VIII. W tym intensywnym okresie pracy ukształtowała się instytucja, której stopniowo dojrzewające procedury postępowania, pozwoliły na dowartościowanie świętości w życiu Kościoła oraz na pokazanie na konkretnych przykładach świętych i błogosławionych, które modele świętości posiadają szczególną wartość duchową i przyczyniają się do budowania Kościoła.