bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Dry Sliding Wear Parameters of Titanium Alloy using Taguchi Method
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India., Narayanan Babu , Saravanabava G. ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu , India, Venkatakrishnan S. ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu , India., Selvavignesh R. ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu , India., V Sanjeevi ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India.
Published: September 2019

The present work focuses on the study of mechanical and tribological properties of Ti-3Al-2.5V titanium alloy. The most influencing process parameters of wear process are investigated in this work. Taguchi technique was used to carry out the experiments. The results indicate that load, sliding distance and sliding velocity were the process parameters which make significant contribution in wear properties. The optimal wear process parameters were found using the regression equation developed by the taguchi method.
A Proficient Pattern of using Multi Keyword Search In Private Cloud For Multiuser Environment
Authors:   NIMHANS Digital Academy, National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences (NIMHANS), (An INI), Bangalore, Karnataka, India., G Aurobind. , D Shivamma. ,   NIMHANS Digital Academy, National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences (NIMHANS), (An INI), Bangalore, Karnataka, India, K Vijiyakumar. ,   Department of Information Technology, Manakula Vinayagar Institute of Technology, Pondicherry, Tamilnadu, India.
Published: September 2019

A cloud system with computational services allowing users to access data, process and store features providing on-demand, a group of virtual remote servers, scalability, security, redundancy and elasticity. A model with many server for enabling convenient keys for a on-demand network access with a service provider interaction released with minimal management effort. The computing resources like networks, servers can be rapidly provisioned with a cloud based applications, and services to compute the shared pool of configurable devices, servers, storage. The encrypted data limits all the usage of networks due to the difficulty of searching over the usability of outsourced data to cloud. The privacy information are uploaded to the cloud and outsourced which are typically encrypted before likely to contain sensitive keywords for its consistent. In our paper, we present a scheme which overcomes the above complexity. Here we use two different techniques FMS-I AND FMS-II. First comes the simple keyword search using relevance score and preference factors. On other hand it supports the logic gate operations like “AND”,”OR”,”NOT” to find the relationship between the keywords and the document. By using these techniques the user can get a improvised search experience in encrypted cloud area. Finally, we tend to improve the single user search to multi user search by using many to many cardinality.
Public Opinion on High Cost of Living Index With Special Reference To Chennai
Authors:   (131801063), B.A.,L.L.B(HONS), I YEAR,Saveetha school of law Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences(SIMATS),, Deepthi R. , B Dr. Sreeya. ,   Associate professor Department of Management Studies Saveetha school of law, SIMATS, Saveetha school of law Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences(SIMATS)
Published: September 2019

The study is about the high cost of living index. Cost of living is the cost of maintaining a certain standard of living. It is the amount of money needed to sustain a certain level of living. Descriptive research has been used for the purpose of the study. Convenience sampling method is used in this study to collect the samples. When population elements are selected for inclusion in the sample based on the ease of access is called convenience sampling. The objective of the study is to understand the high cost of living index in Chennai, to analyse the association between average cost incurred and the area of living. It was found about the concept of cost of living index, how to analyse, interpret and report a data Collected. The conclusion of the study is that one can compare the cost of living in various places.
Public Opinion on Education System With Special Reference To Chennai
Authors:   B.B.A.,L.L.B(HONS),I YEAR, Saveetha School of Law, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India., M Jayanthi. , B Dr. Sreeya ,   Associate Professor, Department of Management Studies, Saveetha School of Law, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
Published: September 2019

The education system typically refers to public faculties not non-public and additional unremarkably for school programs. faculties area unit the littlest recognized sort of education system Under the type of research for the purpose of the study descriptive research is used. Descriptive research helps to portray accurately the characteristics of particular individuals’ situation or a group .sample size 1480. These days right to education system are thought-about as elementary right and it's recognized by many countries together with united nation. In Asian country education system reserve below affirmative actions. The education system is employed in news , media and different social media’s . This study is to know concerning the education system in city and investigate individual’s opinion on education system. It concludes by saying that education system education system comprises everything that goes into educating public-school students at the federal, state, or community levels.
Customer Perception on Frozen Food in Chennai
Authors:   B.B.A. L.L.B(HONS), I YEAR Saveetha School of Law Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamilnadu, India., G Malavikaa , B Dr. Sreeya ,   Associate Professor, Department of Management Studies Saveetha School of Law, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
Published: September 2019

The amount of frozen foods on the shelves of every shop and household has increased in a large number in the recent years. For this research, an empirical study has been conducted to understand the customers residing in Chennai’s perception on frozen food, to observe how certain factors have influenced the way the customers view the frozen food products available in the market and also to analyse the awareness among them regarding the frozen foods and responses were collected from 1450 people and the data was analysed with the help of Chi square analysis. Majority of the respondents are aware about the frozen foods and its impact and importance on the emerging society and have adapted to the changes that take place in the society. Though the awareness, availability and the understanding about the benefits about the frozen food are high in the society, people are under the misconception that frozen foods are unhealthy and are infused with various preservatives and chemical components that help increase the shelf life of the product which are incidentally harmful to the health if the people. This study helped understand the concept of frozen foods and analysed the awareness about frozen food among the general public.
Customer Preference of Theater Ambience In Malls
Authors:   BA.L.L.B. ( hons)first year Saveetha school of law, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS),Chennai, Tamilnadu, India., K Gowri. , B Dr. Sreeya ,   Associate Professor, Department of Management Studies Saveetha School of Law, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), ),Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
Published: September 2019

The reason for this examination is to feature the different angles which prompt the inclination of multiplexes over single screen theaters. The study would be led over shopping centers crosswise over the local areas. A survey would be coasted also with a specific end goal to know the supposition of general society overall. Essential information was gathered through an organized utilizing shopping center capture strategy at shopping centers in Chennai. The shopper inclination was caught utilizing a rank request size of 1 to 5, 1 being the most favored and five being the slightest favored. Accommodation examining strategy was utilized to gather the information. An invalid speculation was built remembering different factors and factor examination strategy was utilized to test the theory. The investigation will help shopping center directors to distinguish different variables which prompt the inclination of multiplexes over single screen theaters. This research was done by empirical research method and random sampling method was used. For the purpose of the study descriptive research is used. Convenience sampling method is used in the study to collect samples. People prefer to watch movies in mall rather than other places.
Customer Perception towards Shopping in Malls in Chennai
Authors:   B.A.,L.L.B(HONS), I Year, Saveetha School of Law, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamilnadu, India., Rukmani B. , B Dr. Sreeya ,   Associate Professor, Department of Management Studies, Saveetha School of Law, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
Published: September 2019

Shopping centers are the imperative piece of lives of a few people in the present period. A paper on shopping center every one of the advantages of a shopping center. The shopping centers are the spots that are pressed in ends of the week. The shopping centers of the present world are colossal and give every one of the items that a man wants as a wellspring of amusement. Shopping centers have influenced the shopping of individuals exceptionally advantageous as they to get nearly everything from one same rooftop. These shopping centers are developed perfectly to draw in an ever increasing number of clients. They have immense framework. Shopping centers are the one place where society can go to unwind, mingle, and experience the way of life of the present America. Basically, adolescents run there to home base with companions and play around with them. The main purpose of the study concluded the customer Perception towards Shopping in malls in Chennai
Consumer Perception on 4ps Of Marketing In Malls With Special Reference To Chennai
Authors:   BBA. LLB (Hon’s) 1st year, Saveetha School Of Law, Saveetha Institute Of Medical And Technical, Sciences (Simats), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India., K Anjana , B Dr. Sreeya ,   Associate Professor, Department of Management Studies, Saveetha School Of Law, Saveetha Institute Of Medical And Technical, Sciences (Simats), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: September 2019

The paper discusses about the customer perception on 4Ps of marketing in shopping malls. 4Ps are the elements of marketing mix which are product ,price,place,promotions.The main objective of the study is to understand the customer perception about 4Ps of marketing in malls with special reference to Chennai , to identify the relationship between affordability and income of respondent. Descriptive research is used and convenience sampling method is used to collect the samples.The statistical tools used here is ANOVA,correlation,independent t test,chi-square. The study found that consumer perception towards 4Ps of marketing is having a great impact in malls.This study concludes that various strategies should be taken to give an idea about 4Ps of marketing.
Gene Based Disease Prediction using Pattern Similarity Based Classification
Authors:   Asst. Professor, Department of CSE, SRC SASTRA Deemed to be University, Kumbaonam, Tamil Nadu, India., Venkateswari P. , Umamaheswari P. ,   Asst. Professor, Department of CSE, SRC SASTRA Deemed to be University, Kumbaonam, Tamil Nadu, India, Rajesh K. ,   Asst. Professor, Department of CSE, SRC SASTRA Deemed to be University, Kumbaonam, Tamil Nadu, India., Thephoral J.Glory ,   Asst. Professor, Department of CSE, SRC SASTRA Deemed to be University, Kumbaonam, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: September 2019

In today’s biology research in a single experiment scientist can simultaneously measure the expression of levels of thousands of genes. The molecular level of the cell is represented in gene expression profile. And it helps for medical diagnosis tools. For addressing the fundamental harms which helps to diagnosis and discovery gene expression data along with diseases classification is included. Monitoring of large number of gene expressions is possible because of this DNAmicroarray technique. Using this large quantity of gene data, experts are trying to find the probability of disease classification using gene expression dataset. Number of technique has been formed with comfortable results over these years. Still there are issues which need to be address and understood. To overcome this disease classification difficulty, it is required to review at the problem, the related issues and proposed solutions together. This paper presents a comprehensive clustering method and classification method such as Partial Swarm Optimization algorithm, K-NN classification algorithm and estimate them based on theirclassification accuracy,evaluation time and to reveal biological information about genes. Based on our multiclass classification method to diagnosis the diseases and also find severity levels of diseases. Our experimental results show that proposed semi supervised classifier performance improved in accuracy percentage.
Computerized Segmentation Method For Breast Lesions on Ultrasound Images
Authors:   Dept of computer science &engineering, SRC, SASTRA Deemed University, TamilNadu, India., Umamaheswari P. , Venkateswari P. ,   Dept of computer science &engineering, SRC, SASTRA Deemed University, TamilNadu, India., Thephoral J.Glory ,   Dept of computer science &engineering, SRC, SASTRA Deemed University, TamilNadu, India., Ramya S. ,   Dept of computer science &engineering, SRC, SASTRA Deemed University, TamilNadu, India.
Published: September 2019

In recent days, the machine learning techniques are comprehensively utilized in the field of identifying breast carcinoma. It is a vital driving reason for death for women everywhere throughout the world. Since the reasons for the infection stay obscure, early detection and analysis are the keys to breast cancer control, and it can expand the accomplishment of treatment, spare life and also reduce cost. Digital mammogram based on the depth of mammogram images to recognizing the masses. Mammography is a standout amongst the best tool that has been generally utilized in early identification for breast cancer. It comprises are four phases, they are pre-handling, division, order, and highlight extraction. ROI [region of interest] technique mainly used to identify the limit of a disease bit and measure its size.
Jeffrey Fluid Behaviour on Oscillatory Couette Flow past Two Horizontal Parallel Plates in Presence of MHD and Radiative Heat Transfer
Authors:   Professor in Mathematics, Department of H&S, CMR Engineering College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India., Rani Dr.Y. Sunita
Published: September 2019

The aim of this study carry out on an unsteady MHD at no cost convective oscillatory Couette flow of a wellknown non-Newtonian Jeffrey fluid of an optically thin fluid bounded by two horizontal porous parallel walls in a channel embedded in porous medium in the presence of thermal radiation and angle of inclination. Design and Method is the flow is governed by a coupled non-linear system of partial differential equations which are solved numerically by using finite difference method. Results are the impacts of various physical parameters on the flow quantities viz. velocity and temperature reports, skinfriction and rate of heat transfer coefficients are studied numerically. The results are discussed with the help of graphs and tables. Conclusion is the finite difference results are compared favourably with already established results in literatures.
Performance of Dynamic Queue Based Minimal Deadline First Scheduling Algorithm In Multicore System Under Real Time And Non-Real Time Kernel Environment
Authors:   Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu, India, Shanmugsundaram M , Burgul Kalpak ,   Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu, India., R Kumar ,   National Institute of Technology, Warangal, Telangana, India., H M Kittur ,   Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu, India.
Published: September 2019

Some real-time systems that need to be associated with operating system services with a hard real-time system. Since these real-time systems that need to be extremely responsive to the outside world have no simple and low-cost operating system assistance. This paper deals with the application on a Linux-based operating system of the priority-based preemptive real-time scheduling algorithm that will suffice these firm applications in real-time. Typically, the algorithms regarded for these hard real-time systems are preemptive scheduling based on priorities. Based on the priority, by meeting the deadline, this algorithm can produce a feasible schedule for the dynamic tasks to be performed on the processor. It is feasible to schedule tasks on a processor as long as preemption is permitted and tasks do not compete for resources. In this scheduling algorithm, the task in the running queue that is waiting for the execution will be placed in the priority queue that is ready to execute in the available processor. This algorithm is deployed in the Linux kernel with the patch file and the kernel is built in the multi core system to execute an application.
Self Healing of Microcracks in linings of Irrigation Canal Using Coir Fibre Reinforced Bio-Concrete
Authors:   Assistant professor Department of Civil Engineering, Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India., Kumar S. Prabhath Ranjan , Vighnesh R. ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu,India., Karthikeyan G. ,   UG Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Amirta school of Engineering, Amirta Vishwa Vidhyapeedham, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India., Maiyuri S. ,   UG Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: September 2019

Development of cracks in the concrete leads to mitigation of the strength and durability of the concrete structures. This paper deals with the application of self-healing concrete for an irrigation canal in a village near Erode. The self-healing of concrete is a result of calcite precipitation by bacteria (Bacillus Megaterium MTCC 3353) mixed with natural fibres. Here, the compressed soil made irrigation canal which has been used by the farmers for agricultural purpose over a century was lined with the self-healing concrete in order to reduce the evaporation and infiltration of water into the soil thereby improving and increasing the functionality yield of the canal. A controlled crack width is assured by means of the fibres used which substantially increase the tensile capacity of the concrete. The properties of the fibre reinforced bio-concrete was evaluated by conducting flexural and compression tests along with study of amount of crack-healing in concrete with and without the use of bacteria.
FPGA Implementation of Polar Codes for Low Complexity Decoder for High Speed Applications
Authors:   Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, CMR Engineering College, Kandlakoya Village, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, Krishnamoorthy Raja , K Manivel ,   Associate Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Mahendra Engineering, College, Namakkal, Tamilnadu, India., Kumar Dr. A. Suresh ,   Professor, School of Computing Science and Engineering, Galgotias University Delhi NCR, India., Vairavel Mr. C. ,   Assistant Professor, School of Computing Science and Engineering, Galgotias University, Delhi NCR, India.
Published: September 2019

An emerging error-detection and correcting technique developed in the recent years is Polar codes. The technique does not focus on randomization of the bits like other techniques does, but is based on the Shannon theory and channel polarization. This paper presents a successive cancellation (SC) algorithm based FPGA implementation of Polar codes. The implementation focuses on low complexity decoder for high speed applications. Software Simulation outcomes represent the execution to polar codes can outperform those are turbo or LDPC codes.
Combined Effect Of Inlet Manifold Swirl And Piston Head Configuration In A Constant Speed Four Stoke Diesel Engine
Authors:   Research Scholar, Mechanical Engineering, JNTU Ananthapur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Deepthi V. V. Naga , Rajulu Prof. K. Govinda ,   Principal & Professor, Mechanical Engineering, JNTUA College of Engineering Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Published: September 2019

The internal combustion engine manifold has a subsystem that supplies the fresh A/F mixture to the engine cylinders where the fuel is combusted. For efficient combustion of charge, the walls of the intake manifold must be smooth / polished to minimize any side resistance. To redesign the inlet port of a small internal combustion engine, to increase the production of turbulence by a swirl. A good swirl promotes more rapid combustion and improves efficiency. The CI engine has a piston shaped flat on the crown and a concave combustion chamber, with this geometry we are driving the engine. But here the A/F ratio mixture cannot mix properly. To avoid this we make piston geometry changes. The main objective of this project is that three new technologies have been adopted here. The first stage is varying the diameter of the convergence - the divergent nozzle. The second stage is the change on the piston head and the last stage is replacing the inlet and exhaust valve with pitch 0.5. Mm to 2 mm and the cut thread depth is 4 mm and three threads per inch. All of these techniques aim to investigate performance techniques to increase air flow to achieve improved engine performance and emissions in direct injection (DI) single cylinder diesel engines. Compared with traditional engine.
Extracting Non-Functional Requirements Based On Agile Software Development(ASD)
Authors:   Department of Computer Science & Engineering BBDNITM, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, Veer Raghu , Singh Dr. Deepak Kumar ,   JIM, Lucknow , Uttar Pradesh, India
Published: September 2019

In present senario Agile methodology perform very popular role in software design & development with the help of customer requirement. In development process we generally consider functional requirement more than non-functional requirement but non-functional requirement also contain equal weightage in Agile Software Development. This paper incorporates to find non functional requirements based on priority algorithm. With the help of this algorithm author tries to find comparisons different non functional requirement
Web-based Learning: How fair is ‘Fair use’
Authors:   Assocciate Professor, Faculty of Law,BanasthaliVidyapith,Niwai,Dist.Tonk(Raj), India., Solanki Dr. Ratan Singh
Published: September 2019

The word ‘Web-based learning’ sounds good but smells bad when it comes to share the study material online in context of copyright laws. The current problem is that teachers are under the impression that everything they want to share with their students online finds protection under the Doctrine of Fair use under Copyrights law but the unfortunate part is he is totally unaware about the fact that sharing the study material online may not qualify as fair use if the same is shared with students enrolled in an online course outside the campus. The need of the present paper is to make Universities and teachers working there aware about the use of Web based learning without violating the copyright laws of the land. The paper is purely conceptual and only available literatures have been taken in updating the paper following the doctrinal method of study.
Lung Cancer Detection using Modified Gabor Filter, Gradient Operators And Morphological Segmentation Tool
Authors:   Department of ECE, SDMIT, Ujire, Karnataka, India., S Avinash , Manjunath K. ,   Department of EEE, SDMIT, Ujire, Karnataka, India., Kumar S.Senthil ,   Department of ECE, TIET, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
Published: September 2019

Lung Cancer is a disease of irregular cells multiplying and growing into a tumour. It’s hard to believe, but lung cancer is the primary cause of cancer deaths among both women and men. Every year more people die of lung cancer than of colon, prostate and Breast cancers. Some important facts of lung cancer are Excluding Skin cancer, lung cancer is the second most common cancer in both women and men. Statistics from Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) recommend that lung cancer is fast turning into a plague in India. It is a high mortality cancer due to poor access to affordable health care and diagnosis at late stage. At the time of diagnosis only 15 percent of the cases of lung cancer are curable. Due to the nature of the disease patients with lung cancer present themselves for diagnosis at a much later stage than other cancers. Globally lung cancer accounts for 8.4% percent of all cancers in women and 14.5% in men. For lung cancer Smoking is the single largest contributor. Other causes are exposure to carcinogenic toxins like radon, asbestos, radiation and air pollutants. Exposure to women to smoke from the burning of charcoal for cooking is also a cause of lung cancer. About 20 percent we can reduce the risk of lung cancer by doing physical activities and exercise is known to improve lung function. In recent times, image processing measures are frequently used in a number of medical areas for enlargement of the image in preceding recognition and managing periods, where the instant aspect is really important to determine the abnormality problems in objective figures, mainly in a variety of malignancy tumours such as lung cancer, breast cancer etc.
Chan-Vese Segmentation Of SEM Ferrite-Pearlite Microstructure And Prediction Of Grain Boundary
Authors:   working as Assistant Professor, Department of MCA , Dr. B. C Roy Engineering College, Durgapur, West Bengal, India., Gupta Subir
Published: September 2019

The image processing of microstructure for design, measure and control of metal processing has been emerging as a new area of research for advancement towards the development of Industry 4.0 framework. However, exact steel phase segmentation is the key challenge for phase identification and quantification in microstructure employing proper image processing tool. In this article, we report effectiveness of a region based segmentation tool, Chan-Vese in phase segmentation task from a ferrite- pearlite steel microstructure captured in scanning electron microscopy image (SEM) image. The algorithm has been applied on microstructure images and the results are discussed in light of the effectiveness of Chan-Vese algorithms on microstructure image processing and phase segmentation application. Experiments on the ferrite perlite microstructure data set covering a wide range of resolution revealed that the Chan-Vese algorithm is efficient in segmentation of phase region and predicting the grain boundary.
Usage of Predictive Research on further Business
Authors:   Research Scholar, Dept. of MCAHindustan Institute of Technology & Science, Chennai, India., Mohanty Amarendra , Ranjana Dr.P. ,   Associate Professor, School of Computing Sciences, Hindustan Institute of Technology & Science, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
Published: September 2019

Predictive analytics is a group of methods that uses statistical and other empirical techniques to predict future events, based on past occurrences. Predictive analytics can generate valuable information for the management of a supply chain company to improve decision-making. This can be useful for demand forecasting, defect detection, maximizing equipment value, preventive maintenance, optimize marketing strategies, retain customer and connected aftermarket service in industry.
Qualitative Inspection Fourth order Non Linear Difference Equations
Authors:   Research Scholar, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore., Jesinthaangel R. , Jawahar G. Gomathi ,   Assistant Professor of Mathematics, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore., Lovenia J. Daphy Louis ,   Professor of Mathematics, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore.
Published: September 2019

In this paper, the authors obtained some new sufficient conditions for the oscillation of all solutions of the fourth order nonlinear difference equation of the form ( ) ( ) 0 1 3       n n n n n n a x p x q f x n = 0,1,2, … ., where an, pn, qn positive sequences. The established results extend, unify and improve some of the results reported in the literature. Examples are provided to illustrate the main result.
Secret Image Sharing using Visual Cryptography Shares with Acknowledgement
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering from JNTU-K, Kakinada., Sanaboina Chandra Sekhar , Odugu Srinivasa Rao ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering from JNTU-K, Kakinada, Vanamadi Girish ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering from JNTU-K, Kakinada.
Published: September 2019

Visual Cryptography is an encryption technique in which the secret image is encoded and divided into n meaningless images called shares. The shares look like black and white dots embedded randomly in an image. These shares don’t reveal any information about the original image. Every share was printed on transparent paper and decrypted through the superimposition of shares without any computer decryption algorithm. When all n shares were overlapped, the original picture would appear. A (k, n)-threshold visual cryptography is a technique in which n is the maximum number of shares that are to be generated and k is the minimum number of shares that are required to decrypt the original image. If the insufficient number of shares, which are less than the k value is given to the decryption function, the decryption function will generate the output, which doesn’t reveal any clue to the original image. This paper presents how the Entropy, Mean Square Error (MSE), Peak Signal Noise Ratio (PSNR) values varies with respect to given same image of different sizes.
FACTORS ANALYSIS OF FOOTWEAR TRADE INDUSTRY OF INDONESIA MAIN EXPORT DESTINATION
Authors: Simanjuntak Darwin
Published: September 2019

This study aims to identify the factor that affecting the footwear trade industry in Indonesia based on Indonesia main export destination. Understanding these factors could help leaders in trade industry institutions to better plan their strategies and further research on footwear trading. A set of data was obtained from Badan Pusat Statistic (BPS) based on data from Indonesia footwear main export destination namely: United States, China, Belgium, Germany, Japan, United Kingdom, Netherlands, Korea, Italy, Australia, Mexico, France, Canada, Denmark, Singapore, Brazil, Hong Kong, Russian Federation, Chile, Argentina and Other Countries. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify the underlying dimensions of countries as Indonesia main export destination. By applying the factor analysis, the study will decide the number of factors to be retained and the total variance explained by these factors; the study can identify the variables in each factor retained in the final solution, on the basis of its factor loadings; the study can give names to each factor retained on the basis of the nature of the variables included in it; the study can suggest the test battery for assessing the footwear trade main export destination in Indonesia; and the study can test the adequacy of sample size used in factor analysis. The result of the study shows that KMO value is 0.784 which is > 0.5; hence, the sample size is adequate for the analysis and the commonalities of all the variables are more than .4; hence, all the variables are useful in the model. Since the variables are identified in factor 0.7 or more, the result shows that all factors which are from the year 2012-2016 contributed to the exports of footwear in Indonesia.
The r-process Nucleosynthesis in the Outflows from Short GRB Accretion Disks
Authors: Janiuk Agnieszka
Published: September 2019

Short gamma-ray bursts require a rotating black hole, surrounded by a magnetized relativistic accretion disk, such as the one formed by coalescing binary neutron stars or neutron star–black hole systems. The accretion onto a Kerr black hole is the mechanism of launching a baryon-free relativistic jet. An additional uncollimated outflow, consisting of subrelativistic neutron-rich material, which becomes unbound by thermal, magnetic, and viscous forces, is responsible for blue and red kilonova. We explore the formation, composition, and geometry of the secondary outflow by means of simulating accretion disks with relativistic magnetohydrodynamics and employing a realistic nuclear equation of state. We calculate the nucleosynthetic r-process yields by sampling the outflow with a dense set of tracer particles. Nuclear heating from the residual r-process radioactivities in the freshly synthesized nuclei is expected to power a red kilonova, contributing independently from the dynamical ejecta component, launched at the time of merger, and neutron-poor broad polar outflow, launched from the surface of the hypermassive neutron star by neutrino wind. Our simulations show that both magnetization of the disk and high black hole spin are able to launch fast wind outflows (v/c ∼ 0.11–0.23) with a broad range of electron fraction Y
e ∼ 0.1–0.4, and help explain the multiple components observed in the kilonova light curves. The total mass loss from the post-merger disk via unbound outflows is between 2% and 17% of the initial disk mass.
Probing CO and N2 Snow Surfaces in Protoplanetary Disks with N2H+ Emission
Authors: Qi Chunhua , Öberg Karin I. , Espaillat Catherine C. , Robinson Connor E. , Andrews Sean M. , Wilner David J. , Blake Geoffrey A. , Bergin Edwin A. , Cleeves L. Ilsedore
Published: September 2019

Snowlines of major volatiles regulate the gas and solid C/N/O ratios in the planet-forming midplanes of protoplanetary disks. Snow surfaces are the 2D extensions of snowlines in the outer disk regions, where radiative heating results in an increasing temperature with disk height. CO and N2 are two of the most abundant carriers of C, N, and O. N2H+ can be used to probe the snow surfaces of both molecules, because it is destroyed by CO and formed from N2. Here we present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of N2H+ at ∼0.″2–0.″4 resolution in the disks around LkCa 15, GM Aur, DM Tau, V4046 Sgr, AS 209, and IM Lup. We find two distinctive emission morphologies: N2H+ is either present in a bright, narrow ring surrounded by extended tenuous emission, or in a broad ring. These emission patterns can be explained by two different kinds of vertical temperature structures. Bright, narrow N2H+ rings are expected in disks with a thick Vertically Isothermal Region above the Midplane (VIRaM) layer (LkCa 15, GM Aur, DM Tau) where the N2H+ emission peaks between the CO and N2 snowlines. Broad N2H+ rings come from disks with a thin VIRaM layer (V4046 Sgr, AS 209, IM Lup). We use a simple model to extract the first sets of CO and N2 snowline pairs and corresponding freeze-out temperatures toward the disks with a thick VIRaM layer. The results reveal a range of N2 and CO snowline radii toward stars of similar spectral type, demonstrating the need for empirically determined snowlines in disks.
No Pulsar Wind Nebula in the Southern Blowout Region of the Cygnus Loop
Authors: Halpern J. P. , Gotthelf E. V.
Published: September 2019

We report on optical observations of the Katsuda et al. candidate X-ray pulsar and pulsar wind nebula in the Cygnus Loop supernova remnant. We determine that the point source suggested to be a pulsar is actually the nucleus of a Seyfert 1 galaxy at redshift z = 0.2080, while the diffuse X-ray source, which is displaced by 2.′6 from the point source, is a cluster of galaxies at z = 0.223. We also analyze an archival follow-up XMM-Newton observation of this field, the results of which support our extragalactic identifications. Thus, a long expected neutron star remnant of the Cygnus Loop explosion remains elusive.
The Interaction of Social, Physical and Nutritive Factors in Triggering Early Developmental Language Delay in a Sample of Egyptian Children
Authors: Salah El-Din Ebtissam M. , Elabd Mona A. , Nassar Maysa S. , Metwally Ammal M. , Abdellatif Ghada A. , Rabah Thanaa M. , Shalaan Ashraf , Shaaban Sanaa Y. , Kandeel Wafaa , El Etreby Lobna A. , Al-Tohamy Muhammad
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND: Language acquisition and child development during the early years of life depend on multiple interacting factors.
AIM: To explore potential factors that can impact language development in 2 groups of Egyptian children, one with normal language development and the second with delayed development. Also, to explore to what extent can the involvement of impaired motor development potentiate the risk of developmental language delay.
METHODS: This cross-sectional case-control study involved Egyptian children belonging to the middle socioeconomic class between 18 and 36 months of age. Children were classified according to their performance on language domain of Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (Bayley-III) into two groups, infants with the average or above score (control group) and those having below-average scores (cases). Motor development was assessed on the same scale. Factors affecting language development were tested, including socio-demographic, obstetric, and maternal medical factors in addition to Infant Feeding Practices.
RESULTS: The independent factors lowering the language scores were early introduction of complementary food, low family income, history of delivery problems, pregnancy-related diseases of the mother, and maternal education. Impaired motor development appears as a further highly significant risk factor to the previously mentioned factors
CONCLUSION: In Egyptian children, delayed language development is severely affected by the interaction of medical, social and nutritional factors. Providing adequate maternal health care during pregnancy and childbirth, regular developmental monitoring at each child visit, and screening for such risk factors, can reduce size of the problem and promote child’s social and psychological development.
On the presence of Brachytrupes megacephalus Lefebvre 1827 (Orthoptera, Gryllidae) in the Natural Reserve "Simeto Oasis" (Sicily, Italy)
Authors: Petralia Alfredo , Fiandaca Pietro , Petralia Ettore , Sabella Giorgio , Torrisi Gaetano , Bianca Corrado , Lamanna Francesco
Published: September 2019

The authors present the first results of a survey on the presence of Brachytrupes megacephalus (Orthoptera species described by Alexandre Lefebvre in 1827 from specimens found in Sicily) in the Natural Reserve (NR) "Simeto Oasis". The NR is located along the Sicilian Ionian sandy coast just south of the city of Catania, at the mouth of the most important in river Sicily, Simeto.

Brachytrupes megacephalus is a south Mediterranean species living in the sandy environments of Sicily, Aeolian Islands, Maltese islands, south Sardinia, North Africa. Due to its rarity in Europe, the species was included in Annexes II and IV of the European Directive 92/43 as one that requires special protection.

This cricket is vegetarian, hygrophilous, yellowish in color, normally crepuscular and nocturnal. It is a burrowing animal living in tunnels that the individuals dig by the expulsion of the excavated sand by means of a very spectacular behavioural pattern involving its forelegs and the large head; this activity produces typical small irregular sandy cones on the ground surface, which reveals the presence of the animals (Conti et al. 2012). By detecting these formations, and also the entrances of the tunnels, it is possible to map the presence of B. megacephalus (Petralia et al. 2015).

The species was present in the NR and was well represented in all the areas in which the soil has not been altered by the diverse human activities. The very intensive anthropization of the NR (e.g. houses, roads, cultivations, trampling, pollution, artificial changes of the vegetation) has subtracted vital space for the species; however, up to now the specie has survived even under difficult conditions and has been able to re-colonize the areas where the anthropic disturbance had ceased.

The purpose of this research is to provide the management authority of the NR with useful information for the planning of appropriate safeguard measures aimed at limiting the anthropic pressure as well as measures aimed at protecting and restoring the habitat of the species, a fundamental condition for its survival.
Généalogie d’un problème public. La consanguinité et la promotion d’une régulation institutionnelle des unions
Authors: Berlivet Luc , Cahen Fabrice , Richard Élodie
Published: September 2019

Cet article propose une histoire des recherches scientifiques ayant contribué, depuis le xix e  siècle, à faire des unions entre cousins un problème public. En plein processus de sécularisation du mariage, l’essor des théories de l’hérédité fait naître une série de controverses dans les milieux de la médecine, de l’hygiène et des sciences naturelles, puis de l’eugénisme et des sciences humaines, autour de la question de l’endogamie. L’étude des enquêtes scientifiques produites dans ce cadre, et en particulier des modes d’administration de la preuve, permet d’observer d’une part la transformation de la définition et des enjeux de la consanguinité et, d’autre part, la persistance d’un imaginaire du sang et d’une lecture d’inspiration religieuse du rapprochement des apparentés, décelable dans les sciences biologiques comme dans les sciences sociales jusqu’à une époque tardive.
À quoi les Frères musulmans égyptiens ont-ils cru ?
Authors: Vannetzel Marie
Published: September 2019

En Égypte, dans le sillage de la Révolution en 2011 puis du coup d’État de 2013, un important débat politique et scientifique a émergé autour du rôle de l’idéologisation religieuse, et de l’obéissance qui en dériverait, dans les logiques d’action des militants Frères musulmans. Cet article est conçu comme une discussion des études récentes qui défendent la thèse de l’embrigadement idéologique mais aussi comme une révision critique des propres travaux de l’auteure. Il examine les effets de la nature religieuse de l’idéologie frériste, et des croyances qu’elle contient. S’engageant dans la controverse globale sur le « fanatisme islamique », cet article interroge les phénomènes de croyance religieuse de haute intensité et réfute le postulat d’une ontologie différentielle des êtres sociaux qui s’en réclament.
Vivre dans ce monde, non de ce monde ? L’expérience communautaire de The Farm
Authors: Lallement Michel
Published: September 2019

L’expérience de The Farm, une communauté intentionnelle établie dans le Tennessee depuis 1971, permet de tirer des leçons intéressantes quant à la capacité d’un groupe social à faire société autrement. À l’aide d’une grille de lecture d’inspiration wébérienne, de témoignages et d’observations participantes, il est possible de mettre en évidence les régulations et les pratiques dominantes dans les deux périodes importantes qui ont scandé la vie de The Farm. De 1971 à 1983, la communauté fonctionne sous un régime de domination charismatique, sous l’égide d’un leader spirituel. Pour passer outre les difficultés matérielles qu’elle rencontre, elle entame ensuite une mue sociétaire qui la conduit à composer avec le monde extérieur. Paradoxalement, c’est en s’appuyant sur ce dernier que The Farm réussit finalement à s’imposer durablement comme une petite société alternative.
Socialités alternatives en milieu populaire. Au marché des biffins parisiens
Authors: Duclos Mélanie
Published: September 2019

Basé sur une étude ethnographique de quatre ans (2009-2013) au marché des biffins – vendeurs-récupérateurs d’objets trouvés dans les poubelles – de la porte de Montmartre (Paris, 18 e arrondissement), et suivant une approche socio-anthropologique réflexive et résolument anti-misérabiliste, cet article propose d’étudier les socialités alternatives aux socialités dominantes que lesdits biffins s’efforcent de produire : des socialités où l’égalité s’oppose aux subordinations, la réciprocité à la relation d’aide, l’intégration à l’exclusion et l’intégration positive à l’intégration négative. Si ces socialités connaissent des limites, que cet article se donne aussi pour tâche d’affronter, elles n’en laissent pas moins ni de produire des effets ni de traduire les espoirs de ceux-là mêmes dont les espoirs se voient si souvent contrariés.
L’accueil des exilés en squat. Pensée en actes d’un habitat subversif
Authors: Barbieri Gaia , de Rivière de La Mure Arnaud
Published: September 2019

Cet article cherche à problématiser une expérience sociale dans laquelle les deux auteurs sont impliqués : l’occupation d’un immeuble par près de 250 personnes exilées. Le protagoniste d’une telle expérience est l’« Amphi Z », un collectif hétérogène réunissant des personnes migrantes et leurs soutiens. Le nouage de deux luttes politiques – pour le droit au logement et pour les droits des exilés – est donc le substrat d’une telle expérience, au sein de laquelle s’élabore une forme inédite de vivre ensemble . Pour étayer la conflictualité vivifiante et la pluralité nécessaires pour faire de l’aventure de l’Amphi Z une institution en devenir, les uns et les autres doivent réinterroger sans cesse le sens de leur coexistence. Une telle interrogation est au cœur de cette démarche d’écriture : qu’est-ce qu’on fait là, qu’est-ce qui nous relie ?
Faire de la politique autrement : le cas du mouvement Ma Voix et de la mise en tension de ses idéaux
Authors: Theviot Anaïs
Published: September 2019

Ma Voix est un collectif citoyen qui s’est créé dans l’objectif de présenter des candidats aux élections législatives françaises de 2017 avec l’idée de faire des députés des « porte-voix » des citoyens. Cet article propose d’étudier ce dispositif innovant de démocratie directe proposé par Ma Voix, alliant tirage au sort et élection, et de le mettre en relation avec les profils et trajectoires de ses membres, leurs représentations de la société et de la participation politique, les imaginaires associés à ce renouvellement des formes démocratiques. L’enquête s’appuie sur l’analyse des dispositifs numériques de cette expérimentation, ainsi que sur une vingtaine de récits de vie des membres des collectifs locaux bordelais et nantais de Ma Voix.
Visionnaires et imaginaire social : pour un autre avenir
Authors: Roustang Guy
Published: September 2019

Pour faire société autrement, nous avons besoin de nous inspirer de visionnaires-prophètes (Jacques Ellul, Charles Péguy, Pierre Leroux), qui avaient dénoncé certaines tares de nos sociétés dites modernes : notre soumission au progrès scientifique et technique, le monopole de l’argent, le libéralisme économique et les prétentions d’élites soi-disant éclairées à confisquer le pouvoir. Certaines conditions d’un changement sont évoquées : une prise en compte de ce que sont les besoins primordiaux et l’évolution des institutions. Est esquissé ce que pourrait être un imaginaire qui soumettrait à des impératifs sociopolitiques la finance, la technique et le travail rémunéré. Tout cela suppose d’être en quête d’une spiritualité qui fonde un rapport éclairé à la nature, aux autres et à nous-mêmes.