bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stavovi odgajatelja i učitelja prema inkluziji djece s oštećenjem sluha
Authors: Skočić Mihić Sanja , Vlah Nataša , Šokić Marina
Published: October 2018

Učiteljeva spremnost prihvaćanja učenika s teškoćama ključna je za uspješno edukacijsko uključivanje u redovan obrazovni sustav. Prethodnim istraživanjima utvrđeno je da su odgajatelji u vrtićima i osnovnim školama bolje involvirani u proces uključivanja kada izražavaju povoljnije stavove prema djeci s teškoćama. Ciljevi rada utvrdili su (1) stavove odgajatelja i učitelja prema inkluziji djece i učenika s oštećenjem sluha, (2) povezanost između stavova i dobi, duljine stručnog staža i samoprocijenjene kompetentnosti za rad s učenicima s oštećenjem sluha (3) razlike u stavovima u odnosu na poznavanje zakonske regulative, radno mjesto (odgajatelj/učitelj) i izjave učitelja o slušanju kolegija o inkluzivnom odgoju i obrazovanja tijekom studija. Sudjelovala su 203 ispitanika iz Rijeke od kojih su 102 (50.2%) odgajatelji u vrtiću, dok je 101 (49.8%) učitelj u osnovnoj školi. Upitnikom su mjereni stavovi odgajatelja i učitelja prema uključivanju djece i učenika s oštećenjem sluha. Faktorskom analizom utvrđena je konstruktna valjanost i pouzdanost četiri dimenzije dizajnirane skale stavova prema uključivanju djece i učenika oštećenoga sluha, dok su hipoteze testirane deskriptivnom, korelacijskom i diferencijalnom neparametrijskom statistikom. Odgajatelji i učitelji uglavnom iskazuju povoljne stavove prema socijalizacijskoj dobrobiti uključivanja djece i učenika s oštećenjem sluha, značaju podrške edukacijskog rehabilitatora i stručne službe za njihovo uspješno uključivanje i ne podržavaju posebne oblike školovanja za ovu djecu i učenike. Dob, duljina stručnog staža i upoznatost s legislativom nisu relevantni, a izjava da su imali kolegij o djeci/učenicima s posebnim odgojno-obrazovnim potrebama u studijskom programu relevantna je za stavove sudionika istraživanja.
Odgajatelji iskazuju povoljnije stavove od učitelja. Nalazi jasno ukazuju na potrebu opsežnijeg osposobljavanja učitelja i odgajatelja tijekom inicijalnog obrazovanja za rad s djecom i učenicima s oštećenjem sluha, kao i potrebu učitelja za stručnom podrškom.
Roditeljstvo i invaliditet – perspektiva djece, roditelja s invaliditetom i stručnjaka
Authors: Pehlić Ana , Urbanc Kristina , Lendler Veronika
Published: October 2018

Dok se prava koja osobama s invaliditetom omogućavaju neovisan život sve više prepoznaju i dalje ostaje slabo istraženo područje roditeljstva osoba s invaliditetom (Dobrotić i sur. 2015). Također u Hrvatskoj gotovo ni nema istraživanja o djeci osoba s invaliditetom te o tome kako potrebe i poteškoće roditelja s invaliditetom utječu na roditeljstvo, obiteljsku dinamiku i odrastanje djece (Urbanc 2003). U međunarodnoj literaturi ova skupina djece i mladih prepoznata je pod nazivom mladi njegovatelji s obzirom na često dominantnu ulogu koju imaju u obitelji. Porastom vidljivosti ove skupine djece i promišljanjem njihovih potreba, kao i potreba njihovih obitelji, stvara se pretpostavka razvoja ciljanih oblika podrške tijekom njihova odrastanja o čemu će biti riječi u ovom izlaganju. Cilj provedenog kvalitativnog istraživanja bio je dobiti uvid u perspektivu djece i roditelja s obzirom na specifična iskustva odrastanja i roditeljstva vezana uz invaliditet roditelja te perspektivu stručnjaka iz sustava socijalne skrbi, obrazovnog sustava te organizacija civilnog sektora, koji imaju iskustvo neposrednog rada s roditeljima s invaliditetom i njihovom djecom. S djecom (njih sedmero u dobi od 14 do 17 godina) te s njihovim roditeljima (šest majki i jedan otac) koji su osobe s različitim vrstama tjelesnog oštećenja provedeni su intervjui, dok su stručnjaci (njih petero) sudjelovali u fokusnoj grupi. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da roditelji i stručnjaci očekuju učinkovitiju podršku od različitih sustava (zdravstvenog, socijalnog, obrazovnog); veću financijsku podršku roditeljima, ali i praktičnu pomoć, neposredno nakon rođenja djeteta te kasnije, tijekom djetetova školovanja, kao i u nekim specifičnim situacijama (npr. nakon operacije, tijekom rehabilitacije, hospitalizacije itd).
Tính toán tổng thể kết cấu giàn khoan tự nâng 400 ft trong trạng thái di chuyển
Authors: Cường Đinh Quang , Chỉnh Vũ Đan , Dũng Hoàng Tiến
Published: October 2018

Công trình biển tự nâng (jackup) trong trạng thái di chuyển là một dạng công trình biển nổi, kích thước lớn. Các tiêu chuẩn hiện nay mới chỉ quy định tính toán với các mô hình tương đương theo phương pháp phần tử hữu hạn mà chưa xét đến sự làm việc đồng thời của các kết cấu như trong mô hình tổng thể. Mặt khác tải trọng sóng tác dụng lên công trình biển tự nâng kích thước lớn trong trạng thái di chuyển bao gồm tải trọng sóng nhiễu xạ, bức xạ và thường được xác định bằng phương pháp phần tử biên. Bài báo này trình bày thuật toán tổng quát kết hợp phương pháp phần tử biên và phương pháp phần tử hữu hạn để tính toán tổng thể công trình biển tự nâng trong trạng thái di chuyển và áp dụng cụ thể cho một công trình biển tự nâng đang xây dựng trong điều kiện biển Việt Nam..

Từ khóa: giàn khoan tự nâng 400 ft; trạng thái di chuyển; tính toán tổng thể.
Nghiên cứu thực nghiệm xác định ảnh hưởng của mức độ ăn mòn cốt thép đến ứng suất bám dính giữa bê tông và cốt thép
Authors: Tân Nguyễn Ngọc , Dũng Trần Anh , Thế Nguyễn Công , Tuấn Trịnh Bá , Anh Lương Tuấn
Published: October 2018

Trong nghiên cứu này, một mô hình thí nghiệm ăn mòn điện hóa đã được thiết lập để tạo ra các mẫu thử bê tông cốt thép có mức độ ăn mòn mong muốn trong thời gian ngắn (đơn vị ngày). Các mẫu thí nghiệm được chế tạo bằng các loại bê tông khác nhau có cấp độ bền lần lượt là B30, B40, B50 và các thanh cốt thép có đường kính 12 mm. Hệ số K xác định bởi tỷ lệ giữa mức độ ăn mòn thực tế tính toán bằng khối lượng mất mát của thanh cốt thép và mức độ ăn mòn lý thuyết tính toán dựa trên định luật Faraday, cho phép ước lượng chính xác hơn thời gian ăn mòn điện hóa. Tiếp theo, thí nghiệm kiểm tra lực bám dính giữa bê tông và cốt thép đã được thực hiện trên các mẫu thử để xác định ảnh hưởng của các mức độ ăn mòn khác nhau, đó là: (i) mức độ nhỏ trong khoảng 0 - 2%, (ii) mức độ ăn mòn trung bình 6,5% và (iii) mức độ ăn mòn lớn hơn 8,4%.

Từ khóa: bê tông cốt thép; ăn mòn điện hóa; ion clorua; định luật Faraday; ứng suất bám dính bê tông và cốt thép.
Nghiên cứu ứng xử ngang của nguyên mẫu gối cách chấn đàn hồi cốt sợi không liên kết
Authors: Thuyết Ngô Văn
Published: October 2018

Gối cách chấn đàn hồi cốt sợi không liên kết là kết quả của nỗ lực đơn giản hóa kỹ thuật sử dụng gối cách chấn cho công trình chịu động đất. Gối cách chấn không liên kết được đặt trực tiếp lên trên phần đài móng và dưới phần thân công trình mà không cần bất kì một liên kết vật lý nào. Đây là một loại gối cách chấn đàn hồi tương đối mới, đang được phát triển trên thế giới. Nghiên cứu này phân tích sự làm việc của nguyên mẫu gối cách chấn đàn hồi cốt sợi không liên kết bằng mô hình số. Hiệu quả của gối cách chấn cốt sợi không liên kết này được so sánh với gối cốt sợi liên kết thông thường.

Từ khóa: gối cách chấn; nguyên mẫu gối cách chấn đàn hồi cốt sợi không liên kết; biến dạng cuộn; độ cứng ngang hiệu dụng; chuyển vị ngang vòng lặp.
Tỷ lệ và độ chính xác của bản đồ số phục vụ quy hoạch và thiết kế công trình
Authors: Thặng Vũ Văn
Published: October 2018

Hiện nay bản đồ giấy dần được thay thế bởi bản đồ số trong trong quy hoạch thiết kế các khu đô thị, khu công nghiệp và nhiều công tác khác. Bản đồ giấy truyền thống và bản đồ số đều có đặc trưng kỹ thuật cơ bản đó là tỉ lệ của bản đồ. Bài báo khảo sát, phân tích hai đặc trưng cơ bản là độ chính xác và mức độ khái quát hóa địa hình, địa vật phụ thuộc theo tỉ lệ của bản đồ. Khảo sát, phân tích sai số xác định điểm, đoạn thẳng, diện tích, thể tích phụ thuộc theo tỉ lệ bản đồ. Khảo sát, phân tích mật độ điểm theo tỉ lệ của bản đồ, chỉ ra sự khác nhau của bản đồ và sơ đồ được phóng to khi hiển thị trên màn hình. Phân tích, làm rõ các điểm giống nhau, khác nhau trong quá trình thành lập, sử dụng bản đồ giấy và bản đồ số. Thông qua các khảo sát và phân tích, giúp chọn và sử dụng bản đồ số có tỉ lệ cần thiết, theo quy định, để các bài toán thiết kế, quy hoạch đảm bảo các yêu cầu kỹ thuật đặt ra.

Từ khóa: bản đồ số phục vụ quy hoạch; tỉ lệ của bản đồ số; độ chính xác của bản đồ; mật độ điểm và mức độ khái quát hóa trên bản đồ; độ phóng đại của bản đồ số.
Nghiên cứu sử dụng bơm nhiệt trong hệ thống cấp nhiệt và điều hòa không khí
Authors: Động Nguyễn Duy
Published: October 2018

Bài báo này tập trung phân tích những ưu điểm nổi trội và ứng dụng của bơm nhiệt trong công trình. Theo đó hệ số hiệu suất của bơm nhiệt cao hơn nhiều so với máy lạnh thông thường; ngoài khả năng làm lạnh và sưởi ẩm, bơm nhiệt còn có khả năng đun và cấp nước nóng cho sinh hoạt. Bài báo còn tập trung tính toán, phân tích đánh giá và so sánh hiệu quả kinh tế, xã hội cho một công trình khách sạn khi sử dụng hệ thống bơm nhiệt đun nước nóng kết hợp điều hòa không khí trung tâm (phương án 1) so với hai trường hợp khác là sử dụng bơm nhiệt (phương án 2) và điều hòa trung tâm kết hợp bình đun điện trở (phương án 3). Kết quả cho thấy, phương án 2 có tuổi thọ cao nhất lên đến 20 năm, đồng thời việc vận hành và bảo trì, bảo dưỡng, thay thế đơn giản thuận tiện hơn phương án 1 và 3. Tuy nhiên, việc sử dụng phương án 1 chi phí đầu tư đứng thứ 2 (khoảng 2,6 tỷ đồng), nhưng sau 10 năm tổng chi phí tiền điện chỉ là 278 triệu thấp hơn nhiều so với hai phương án còn lại (phương án 2 - 430 triệu, phương án 3 - 1,2 tỷ đồng). Như vậy, phương án 3 không sử dụng bơm nhiệt thì có chi phí điện năng cao nhất, nên được thay thế bằng phương án có sử dụng bơm nhiệt.

Từ khóa: bơm nhiệt; điều hòa trung tâm; tiêu thụ năng lượng.
Một số vấn đề pháp lý về trách nhiệm bồi thường thiệt hại do công trình xây dựng gây ra
Authors: Trường Đinh Văn
Published: October 2018

Hiện nay, quá trình đô thị hóa ở Việt Nam diễn ra với tốc độ nhanh chóng, kéo theo sự đầu tư hàng loạt các công trình xây dựng nhằm phục vụ cho sự nghiệp công nghiệp hóa, hiện đại hóa đất nước. Quá trình hình thành và tồn tại của mỗi công trình xây dựng cũng tiềm ẩn khả năng gây thiệt hại cho con người và tài sản liền kề, xung quanh. Vấn đề đặt ra là quyền, lợi ích của người bị thiệt hại sẽ được bảo vệ như thế nào, ai phải chịu trách nhiệm bồi thường thiệt hại đó. Bằng phương pháp so sánh, tổng hợp, phân tích các quy định pháp luật thực định về trách nhiệm bồi thường thiệt hại do công trình xây dựng gây ra, tác giả sẽ làm rõ những bất cập trong quy định của pháp luật, vướng mắc khi áp dụng. Từ đó, đưa ra một số kiến nghị góp phần hoàn thiện các quy định của pháp luật tương ứng cũng như nâng cao hiệu quả áp dụng trong thực tiễn.

Từ khóa: công trình xây dựng gây thiệt hại; sự cố công trình; bồi thường thiệt hại; bộ phận công trình gây thiệt hại.
ROLE OF METFORMIN ON CLOZAPINE INDUCED DYSLIPIDAEMIA IN WISTAR RATS
Authors: Md Hussaini Syed Shoib , Naikwadi Akram A , VU Narsapur
Published: October 2018

Background: The clinical research in past decade has reported that most second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) can cause serious metabolic derangement, which substantially increases the risk for type II diabetes mellitus. Several retrospective studies have shown increased in serum triglyceride in patients treated with Clozapine. SGAs induced metabolic syndrome is characterized by weight gain, hyperglycaemia, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Metformin is currently used to treat metabolic syndrome and type II diabetes mellitus. It is therefore important to determine whether Metformin is efficacious in treating Clozapine-induced metabolic derangement like dyslipidaemia. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of Metformin in minimizing Clozapine induced metabolic derangement like dyslipidaemia. Methodology: Wistar rats weighing 180-240g either sex were divided into 3 groups of 6 rats each. Group 1 served as control, Group 2 Treated with Clozapine 25mg/kg body weight and Group 3 Treated with Clozapine 25mg + Metformin 100mg/kg body weight for 28 days P.O. Group 2 and group 3 were treated for 28 days. Biochemical investigations: Retro-orbital blood was collected for Lipid profile. Result: Lipid profile of group 2 rats treated with Clozapine showed dyslipidaemia (TG 103.3 ±1.7mg/dl, Tc 113.7 ±1.6mg/dl). Whereas group 3 rats treated with Clozapine 25mg + Metformin showed normal lipid levels (TG 94.7±1.7mg/dl, TC 102.8 ±0.8 mg/dl) comparable to group 1(TG 93.0 ±2.6mg/dl, TC 103.7 ±1.5mg/dl). Conclusion: This study exploring the use of Metformin to prevent metabolic derangement like dyslipidaemias in patients of schizophrenia treated with Clozapine.

KEYWORDS: Clozapine; Metformin; Dyslipidaemia.
Investigation on Geological Structures of Alvand Region (Southeast of Zanjan City) in Iran
Authors: Pouresmaieli Mahdi , Ebrahimabadi Arash , Nouri Sahand , Pouresmaeili Esmaeil
Published: October 2018

Investigating geological structures plays a major role in economy of engineering projects such as petroleum and mining industries. Therefore, it is pivotal to study geological features. The study area is located in northwest of Qazvin Province and Tarom mountains. Tarom Mountains are located in Western Alborz as referred to in Iranian geological units which has a northwest-southeast trend and is located on the Upper Cretaceous-Cenozoic Magmatic belt. This volcanic-plutonic belt has a northwest to southeast trend. The volcanic and intrusive units of the region that belong to Karaj Formation is composed of two members called Amand and KordKand that are affected by alpine orogeny movements. Different folds were geometrically analyzed in the region and based on the mapping of the data on the Schmidt network and the flute (1964) and Rickard (1971) charts; they were categorized as gently to moderate plunging and steeply inclined folds. Based on Twiss’s classification of folds (1988), findings showed most folds are sub-angular and in terms of the appearance ratio are in broad type. Using Ramsay’s (1967) classification and the pattern variation of the contour lines for some folds, they are all in category 1 and mostly in category 1B which can be considered as a flexural-slip mechanism. The results demonstrated that the process of all the axial surfaces and the axis of folds are generally in the direction of northwest-southeast. The faults taken from the study area are mostly reverse and strike-slip in the direction of northwest-southeast in accordance with the western Alborz.
The Combined Effect of EDTA and Vermicompost on Removal of Lead from Soil by Ocimum basilicum
Authors: Golrizkhatami Fatemeh , Farsad Forough , Rafati Maryam
Published: October 2018

Among the chemical pollutants, lead is one of great importance ecologically and hygienically, because it threatens the health of the communities by penetrating into the food cycle. Phytoremediation is required along with modifying chelates to improve the efficiency of metal remediation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of vermicompost and EDTA on the absorption of various Pb concentrations from the soil and determine their accumulation level in the roots and shoots of Ocimum basilicum in the form of pot experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications. We applied vermicompost 3 mg/kg soil, EDTA 8 mg/kg soil, and lead nitrate at the concentrations of 50 and 100 mg/kg soil. AAS was employed to read the amount of Pb in the extracts. The results showed that the use of amendment materials increases significantly the Pb accumulation in the plant shoots. The results of calculating bioconcentration factor and transfer factor showed that this plant is unsuitable for the phytostabilization and phytoextraction of Pb.
Identification of Effective Components for Increasing the Sustainable Efficiency of Thermal Power Plants (with emphasis on Air Pollution) Using the SBSC Technique
Authors: Sanjaranipour Noushin , Atabi Farideh , Momeni Mansour , Ghodousi Jamal , Lahijanian Akram al-Muluk
Published: October 2018

Increasing the efficiency of the electric power industry is extremely important, leading to lower costs, higher profitability, possibility of proper output, efficient use of resources, reduction of pollutants and, ultimately, environmental protection. In this regard, identification of effective indicators for the sustainable operation of thermal power plants is essential, which has the largest share in the country’s electricity production and one of the most important air pollutant industries. Using the Sustainable Balanced Score Card (SBSC) technique is a powerful way to design indicators for assessing the organization’s sustainability performance (efficiency). The purpose of this research is to identify the effective components on performance evaluation in thermal power plants (with emphasis on air pollution) with respect to the Sustainable Balanced Score Card approach. In this research, the statistical population consisted of experts and managers of Tavanir Company and senior managers of power plants. A questionnaire was used to collect data. The reliability of the results of the questionnaires evaluation was estimated 0.84 using Cronbach’s alpha. The results of this research showed that thermal power plants can be evaluated based on Sustainable Balanced Score Card model with five economic indicators (3 criteria), environmental (4 criteria), internal processes (4 criteria), growth and learning (5 criteria), sustainability (2 criteria), and while monitoring of their main processes; it can be identified as efficient units with maximum efficiency and the least pollutants.
Green Architecture Using the DPSIR Model
Authors: Dehy Hassan Mohammadzadeh Nojeh
Published: October 2018

Green architecture is one of the most important ways to achieve sustainability in architecture. The purpose of this study is to present a model of driving force, pressure, state, impact and response in green architecture. The nine indicators can be studied in this field that were used in the green building process. These indicators are greening index, daily energy consumption index, water resources index, biodiversity index, carbon dioxide reduction index, waste reduction index, basin water index, sewage and wastes improvement index and indoor index. Thermal and air pollution and citizens’ costs are among the drivers of green architecture in cities. The costs of people’s lives are known as pressure, environmental conditions of cities as the State, the impact of green architecture on cleaning air and reducing wastes, as the impact and the response of urban authorities to the expansion of the green roofs uses and the greening of urban space and buildings as the response. Therefore, there is a lot of driving forces on the use of green architecture in urban spaces in the model, which will lead to appropriate responses from the urban authorities.
Group ORAM for privacy and access control in outsourced personal records
Authors: Maffei Matteo , Malavolta Giulio , Reinert Manuel , Schröder Dominique
Published: October 2018

Cloud storage has rapidly become a cornerstone of many IT infrastructures, constituting a seamless solution for the backup, synchronization, and sharing of large amounts of data. Putting user data in the direct control of cloud service providers, however, raises security and privacy concerns related to the integrity of outsourced data, the accidental or intentional leakage of sensitive information, the profiling of user activities and so on. Furthermore, even if the cloud provider is trusted, users having access to outsourced files might be malicious and misbehave. These concerns are particularly serious in sensitive applications like personal health records and credit score systems.

To tackle this problem, we present [Formula: see text], a definitional framework for Group Oblivious RAM, in which we formalize several security and privacy properties such as secrecy, integrity, anonymity, and obliviousness. [Formula: see text] allows per entry access control, as selected by the data owner. [Formula: see text] is the first framework to define such a wide range of security and privacy properties for outsourced storage. Regarding obliviousness, we tackle two different attacker models: our first definition protects against an honest-but-curious server while our second definition protects against such a server colluding with malicious clients.

In the latter model, we prove a server-side computational lower bound of [Formula: see text] where n is the number of entries in the database, i.e., every operations requires to process a constant fraction of the database. Furthermore, we present two constructions: a pure cryptographic instantiation, which achieves an [Formula: see text] amortized communication and computation complexity and a construction based on a trusted proxy with logarithmic communication and server-side computational complexity. The second construction bypasses the previously established lower bound leveraging a trusted party. Both schemes achieve secrecy, integrity, and obliviousness with respect to a server colluding with malicious clients, but not anonymity due to the deployed access control mechanism.

In the former model, we present a cryptographic system that achieves secrecy, integrity, obliviousness, and anonymity. In the process of designing an efficient construction, we developed three new, generally applicable cryptographic schemes, namely, batched zero-knowledge proof of shuffle correctness, the hash-and-proof paradigm, which even improves upon the former, and an accountability technique based on chameleon signatures, which we consider of independent interest.

We implemented our constructions in Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) and ran a performance evaluation demonstrating the scalability and efficiency of our construction.
A 3-month mastication intervention improves recognition memory
Authors: Kim Curie , Miquel Sophie , Thuret Sandrine
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND:

Decreased mastication due to edentulism in both humans and animals have a negative impact on brain function and cognition. Human populations have shown a close association between masticatory function, cognitive status and age-related neurodegeneration in the elderly. Evidence shows that mastication during tasks may have an acute positive impact on normal cognitive function, such as sustained attention. However, there is a lack of evidence showing the long-term effects of changes in habitual masticatory behaviour on cognition.

OBJECTIVE:

To investigate the impact of a 3-month mastication intervention on cognitive function in healthy older adults.

METHODS:

53 participants aged 45–70 years old were required to chew mint-flavoured sugar free chewing gum for 10 minutes, 3 times a day over 3 months. Pattern separation and recognition memory was measured using the Mnemonic Similarity Task. Questionnaires were administered to measure changes in mood, anxiety, and sleep quality.

RESULTS:

Extended periods of mastication gave rise to a significant improvement in recognition memory compared to a non-chewing control group.

CONCLUSION:

With an ageing population, non-medical interventions are imperative to delay age-related cognitive decline. Further work needs to be carried out in larger populations to validate the findings in this study and elucidate potential mechanisms.
APRESENTAÇÃO DO DOSSIÊ GÊNERO, SEXUALIDADE E ARTEFATOS CULTURAIS
Authors: Ferrari Anderson , Castro Roney Polato de
Published: October 2018

Inspirados na obra do autor Michel Foucault queremos provocar o leitor e a leitora com esse conjunto de artigos que compõe o primeiro dossiê temático da revista Debates Insubmissos. Um nome provocativo para uma revista, sobretudo neste momento histórico, especialmente confuso, que estamos atravessando, enfrentando e lutando. O que o filósofo francês nos incita a pensar está sendo renovado nos artigos deste dossiê, ou seja, olhar com mais atenção para o presente a partir das relações entre saber e poder no sentido de potencializar as transgressões e ultrapassar o limite social.
The Boom Province: A Syndemic Approach to the HIV/AIDS Explosion among Aboriginal Persons in Urban Saskatchewan
Authors: Cessna Andrea Paige
Published: October 2018

The correlation between poverty and the increasing number of HIV/AIDS cases is striking in Saskatchewan’s urban centres. Recent research indicates that the current spike of HIV/AIDS cases in the province disproportionately affects young Aboriginal women who live in Saskatoon’s inner-city neighbourhoods. Because HIV/AIDS is both a pathological and social reality, this paper uses a syndemic approach to analyze coinfection, injection drug use, poverty, gender, and ethnicity/race as they pertain to the emerging HIV/AIDS epidemic in Saskatchewan. Taking into consideration Canada’s colonial history and ongoing neo-colonialism facing Aboriginal persons, this paper explores the relationship between health configurations and larger political and economic systems that result in structural violence.
Digestibility and performance responses of broiler chickens fed a pea based diet with different levels of dietary microbial phytase
Authors: Johnson Lisa Anne , Deep Aman , Classen Hank
Published: October 2018

Although the benefits of phytase are well documented, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of supplemented phytase on pea-based diets in poultry, as research is lacking on pea diets. A 21-day feeding trial using male broiler chicks on the day of hatch was conducted to assess the effects of adding four levels of dietary microbial phytase (0.0, 0.1, 0.3 and 0.9 g/kg diet; with respective activity levels of 0, 500, 1500 and 4500 FTU or phytase units) to a pea-based diet on bird productivity and digestibility. The responses were evaluated in terms of broiler performance, nutrient digestibility and apparent metabolizable energy (AME). This research demonstrated that digestibility of ash and starch increased with phytase supplementation. Protein and fat digestibility remained relatively constant, but an increase in apparent metabolizable energy (AME) was seen. The performance of broilers also improved as increased weekly gains attributable to phytase were seen through improved feed conversion. The results of this research are indicative that phytase supplementation in poultry pea-based diets has a positive impact.
Reading and Resisting Representations of Black Africans in Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness
Authors: Cowan Victoria
Published: October 2018

This article adapts feminist critic Judith Fetterley’s articulation of resistant reading to the colonial context in order to perform a racially ethical reading of Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness. Adapting a feminist practice of resistant reading to the colonial context is possible because of the ways in which the structures of patriarchal and colonialist discourses are homologous. This article approaches Conrad’s text as a piece of colonialist discourse by tracing the ways in the Congolese people are represented as wild, dark, animalistic, and incomplete. Employing this methodology is useful, indeed arguably essential, for reading Conrad’s representations of black Africans in his novella because doing so hinders the perpetuation of a debilitating, dehumanizing discourse “in which the very humanity of black people is called into question” (Achebe 346).
Welcome Letter
Authors: Passmore Cale , Haldoupis Nicole
Published: October 2018

Welcome to the University of Saskatchewan Undergraduate Research Journal, Volume 1, Issue 2.
An Observation of the Overwintering Aquatic Insects in a Prairie Pond in Saskatchewan, Canada
Authors: Mihalicz Jordan Edward
Published: October 2018

In temperate regions freshwater insects annually face the challenge of surviving the winter months or otherwise perishing. Ice formation presents a substantial danger to all life stages, from the eggs to adults. Accordingly, some species have adapted to overwinter within ice and emerge during the spring thaw. The diversity of aquatic species encased in the ice and frozen sediment of a prairie pond in Saskatchewan, Canada and their survival rate upon thawing was assessed in the winter of 2013. A total of 164 specimens were retrieved from the ice and sediment, 73 of which survived after thawing. Survival rate was greatest for Cymatia americana (Corixidae, Hemiptera) at 79.6%. Corixids were found in distinct clusters encased in pond ice, a phenomenon not well documented in previous literature. A higher rate of survival was expected among the chironomids, although the value falls within ranges observed in previous studies. Additionally, members of other taxa including Notonectidae (Hemiptera), Haliplidae (Coleoptera), Ceratopogonidae (Diptera), and Coenagrionidae (Odonata) were recovered; however, these specimens exhibited much lower rates of survival.
Gender Performativity in Mina Benson Hubbard’s A Woman’s Way Through Unknown Labrador
Authors: Rasmussen Douglas
Published: October 2018

In 1905 Mina Benson Hubbard, the widow of explorer Leonidas Hubbard, began the project of exploring and mapping the Labrador region from the North West River to Ungava Bay initially undertaken by her late husband (who perished on the original expedition), Dillon Wallace, and his guide, George Elson, who would later accompany Mina Hubbard in her expedition. The press and the public both expressed shock that a woman would venture into the field of travel and exploration, which was conceived as a man’s occupation. Moreover, women were not considered capable of the physical abilities or the scientific rigor necessary for such arduous endeavours. Mina Hubbard’s published account of her exploration traces her arc from an inexperienced, middle-­‐class woman to an accomplished cartographer of the Labrador region. This essay uses Judith Butler’s theories of fluidity in gendered identity to examine the complicated roles female explorers in early twentieth-­‐century Canada had to negotiate.
Disease Stigma in the Archaeological Record: A Review of Current Research
Authors: Scott Maryann
Published: October 2018

Stigma has been and continues to be reality for many individuals affected by disease. For bioarchaeologists, the study of disease stigma in the past often is limited to the examination of mortuary treatment of individuals exhibiting skeletal evidence of disease. This paper examines some of the research dealing with the mortuary treatment of individuals showing characteristics of leprosy. While some studies present examples of differences in manner and place of burial, others suggest that affected individuals were treated no differently in death than those showing no skeletal evidence of disease.
Utilizing the Meaning Response: Naturopathy as Meaning-Based Medicine in the Western Cultural Context
Authors: Ruschkowski Kayla Marie
Published: October 2018

The 'placebo effect' as identified in the Western cultural context is more accurately identified as the 'meaning response.' The meaning response is the unique, human ability to heal through participation in a culturally meaningful healing process. The meaning response makes physiological impacts in the process of meaningful healing, even in cases when the healing paradigm involves biological specificity. Therefore, initiating a meaning response within all healing systems is valuable, even in the Western context, where scientific validation is privileged over meaning-based medicine. In the Western context, meaning-based medicine must appeal to cultural values involving scientific validity and contemporary health concerns. This essay will discuss naturopathy as a culturally relevant, meaning-based medical paradigm within Western culture.
Editorial Board, Advisors, and Acknowledgments
Authors: Marken Liv
Published: October 2018

Editors-in-Chief   Graduate: Nicole Haldoupis   Undergraduate: Caitilin TerflothSenior Editor, Health Sciences: Mariam GoubranAssociate Editors: Ashley Binta, Jamie Jinsoo Kim, Kristen Schott, Bahar BahraniGraduate Advisor: Chelsea CunninghamSenior Editor, Humanities and Fine Arts: Garret PifkoAssociate Editors: Kayden Gabriel Siriany Linares, Irteqa Khan, Renata Kisin, Erin Grant, Madison Taylor, Kaylee GuistSenior Editor, Interdisciplinary: Aimee FerreAssociate Editors: Emily Barlow, Nykole King, Tushita Patel, Brian VinetSenior Editor, Natural Sciences: Dakoda HermanAssociate Editors, Natural Sciences: Lavie Hoang Nguyen, Jeremy Young, Christina TollettGraduate Advisor: Rachel ParkinsonSenior Editor, Social Sciences: Courtney BallantyneAssociate Editors: Mitchell Barry, Rainer Kocsis, Lindsay Wileniec, Emma Bugg, Eric Gilliland, So Ri Lee, Michelle McLean, Whitney LoerzelGraduate Advisor: Jennifer SedgewickLayout Editor: Stephanie FuchsAssociate Editors: Michelle McLean, Lindsday WileniecMarketing and Communications: Veronica Stewart, with help from Erin Holcomb, Nicole Haldoupis, and Liv MarkenWebsite: Yashwanthan Manivannan and Liv Marken
“The Heart of the Nation”: The Significance of Music in the American Civil War
Authors: Reed-Wood Louis William
Published: October 2018

Music and lyrics are valuable for studying the values and opinions of a historical era. This article uses historical lyric sheets from the American Civil War to examine the impact of music on the mindsets of both civilians and soldiers, their ability to cope with the war’s hardships, and their emotional motivation to press on. Music reinforced existing Christian beliefs, as well as each side’s justifications for war. It also served as a way of expressing one’s feelings about the war, slavery, secession, and other contemporary issues. Many individuals were directly employed through music, working either in the wartime publishing industry or as regimental musicians. Music also proved a useful tactical tool, allowing commanders to control the movements of their troops and to garner information about enemy troops’ activities. For these reasons, the study of music during the Civil War is far more than simply the study of wartime entertainment.
The Effectiveness of Saskatoon's Bicycle Boulevard
Authors: Surkan Daniel Gordon
Published: October 2018

Saskatoon, like many cities, is attempting to diversify the transportation options available to its citizens and take advantage of the benefits that urban cycling provides through an increased investment in bicycle infrastructure. The recent development of a bicycle boulevard, a street that gives priority to cyclists over motor traffic, is an example of Saskatoon’s shift. This study examines the effectiveness of Saskatoon’s bicycle boulevard by taking an inventory of bicycle infrastructure on this route, measuring demographic information of boulevard users, performing traffic counts, and conducting intercept surveys of boulevard users. This data was analyzed through the lens of National Association of City Transportation Officials (NACTO) boulevard design standards. The data gathered from these methods indicates that Saskatoon’s boulevard is successful in some areas and needing improvement in others. While the boulevard appears to be successfully address design considerations relating to signage/pavement markings, route planning, and traffic speeds, the City has been less successful in managing traffic volumes and dealing with areas where cyclists must compete with motorists for road space. This study recommends that Saskatoon install motorist volume control measures at key areas of perceived danger throughout the boulevard to increase its effectiveness. Repaving the street and tackling perceptions of crime in the area were additional recommendations based on the findings of this study. AcknowledgementsThis project owes could not have happened without the guidance of Dr. Jill Gunn in the Department of Geography and Planning at the University of Saskatchewan. Her knowledge of field research techniques formed the basis of this report. Special thanks must also be extended to Sean Shaw of Saskatoon Cycles for introducing the author to the study site.
Shaping British Children's Perspectives of War, 1919-1939
Authors: Van der Kamp Michael J.
Published: October 2018

Many things were changing in Britain after the First World War, yet militaristic ideals continued to hold sway. This paper examines the way that these ideals were ingrained in British youth. Organizations such as the Boy Scouts and Girl Guides engaged British youth in militaristic activities, while the children's literature of the day emphasized militaristic ideals by crafting glamorous depictions of Britons involved in the First World War. These same works commonly portrayed enemy combatants as monsters, creating the semblance of a clear-cut, good versus evil struggle. Furthermore, the desolate living conditions faced by many British youth made military life seem like an enviable escape, despite the horrors experienced by most British soldiers during the war.
Comparing Aung San and Ho Chi Minh: The Making of a Cult of Personality
Authors: Schreiner Kendra
Published: October 2018

Both Myanmar and Vietnam gained their independence from their European colonizers through popular uprisings led by inspiring leaders. Aung San and Ho Chi Minh have since become venerated heroes and “fathers” of their respective nations; the people still raise their pictures and chant their names at public rallies or protests. However, they held vastly different ideologies and carried out their independence movements very differently. This paper examines Aung San and Ho Chi Minh’s different strategies, models of leadership, and political ideologies. It looks at how these differences influenced their enduring legacy in the nations they helped create, and explores whether they are the subjects of a cult of personality.
Comparison of standard and organic pesticides as well as herbal products for control of insect pests of cabbage (Brassica oleracea) in Saskatchewan
Authors: Wist Sarah
Published: October 2018

Many insect pests can potentially damage cabbage (Brassica oleracea) grown in Saskatchewan. Root maggots (Delia spp), flea beetles (Phyllotreta spp) and cabbage worms (Order: Lepidoptera) are the main concerns. The objective of this project was to assess the potential to use of companion planted herbs or herbal essential oils as control methods for these pests. Standard synthetic pesticides were used as a check treatment. Organic pesticides and a row cover were also tested and compared to an untreated control. The herbal treatments were garlic or thyme plants interplanted with the cabbage crop along with foliar sprays of garlic or thyme oil. The pest control treatments were compared in trials using both transplanted and direct seeded cabbage. The standard and organic pesticide regimes both effectively controlled all three of the insect pests, and resulted in similar head yields in both the transplanted and direct seeded cabbage crops. The row cover successfully prevented insect damage but created problems with weed control and required extra materials and labour to construct. The microclimate created by the row cover decreased growth of the direct seeded crop. None of the herbal products provided effective control of any of the insect pests of cabbage. In conclusion, cabbage can be successfully grown in Saskatchewan with minimal losses to insects using either standard synthetic or organic pesticides, but the herbal were not effective in the form and rates tested in this project.
Editorial Board and Acknowledgments
Authors: Marken Liv
Published: October 2018

The Editorial Board for the winter 2017 issue, volume 3, issue 1 of USURJ. Advisors for USURJ. Acknowledgments to campus partners and contributors.
Hominin evolution: A review of bipedal adaptations and cranial capacity as a means of studying evolution and analyzing speciation
Authors: Appelt Cassy Marie
Published: October 2018

Hominin evolution and the field of paleoanthropology are cornerstones of paleontological inquiry. Much about hominin evolution has been learned since the discovery of the first Neandertal specimen in 1856, but increasing ambiguity regarding the speciation of extinct hominins has created doubt and conflict within the scientific community. A thorough look at the role of bipedal and cranial adaptations, selective pressures leading to their emergence, and the implications of their perseverance has the capacity to clear up associated ambiguities in the field of paleoanthropology. Coupled with advances in technology, such as the accessibility of ancient DNA, it is possible to critically evaluate hominin morphology and its impact on reproductive barriers. As the field of paleopathology continues to inquire into our evolutionary past, a more concise and complete account of hominin evolution is possible.
Competing Ideas of Empire: British Perceptions of Their Six Nations Allies in the Seven Years' War
Authors: Betke Tyla C.
Published: October 2018

The Six Nations Iroquois played a crucial role for the British during the Seven Years' War by relaying important information, guarding posts, and defending borders. This paper analyzes four main primary sources published by men in direct contact with the Six Nations during the war: Superintendent of Northern Indian Affairs William Johnson, British General Charles Lee, University of Pennsylvania Provost William Smith, and plantation owner and British soldier Peter Williamson. Contrary to what historians have previously suggested, this paper argues that there was not a single British perception of their Six Nations allies during the Seven Years' War. Instead, there was a conflict within imperial ideology circulating among prominent British individuals. During and immediately after the conflict, British society continued to hold competing opinions on the uncertain position Indigenous peoples occupied in British North America.
Beyond Bones : A review of pre-natal vitamin D levels and allergy development in children
Authors: McEwen Alexa Janaye
Published: October 2018

Although the connection between vitamin D, the immune system, and allergies encompass a large area of research, a consensus about the specifics of the vitamin’s role in the developing immune system has yet to be reached. At the same time, prevalence of allergies and hypersensitization has seen a dramatic increase in the last 50 years, especially in developed nations, with very little understanding as to why. Some have connected the so-called allergy pandemic to vitamin D, placing the blame on either the similarly concerning vitamin D deficiency prevalence or the rise in supplementation of the vitamin (and thus, an argued excess). Through conducting a non-exhaustive review of the literature, the aim of this paper was to answer the question: Does prenatal vitamin D insufficiency or exposure result in increased risk of developing an atopic condition, including eczema, asthma, and food allergy sensitization? For food allergies and eczema, there is support for both increased and decreased exposure causing each condition, as well as support for vitamin D having no effect at all. The debate around asthma is more specific and focuses on whether elevated vitamin D has a detrimental effect or not. The current evidence is largely based in observational research and findings are still very inconsistent, but as new intervention studies are conducted, a more definitive answer should eventually emerge.
The Failures of Neoliberal Food Security and the Food Sovereignty Alternative
Authors: Friesen Laura Dawn
Published: October 2018

Nearly one billion people suffer from hunger worldwide. This issue has been a central concern for the international community, with national governments, non-governmental organizations, and international organizations seeking solutions. The dominant response to the issue of hunger has largely centered around the concept of food security which emerged within a context dominated by neoliberal ideology. This Neoliberal Food Security approach has focused on expanding global food production and incorporating farmers into global food markets. Yet, despite decades of programs and initiatives, hunger remains a daunting problem. Food Sovereignty has been offered as an alternative approach, challenging the assumptions and conceptualizations which underpin Neoliberal Food Security and seeking to alter thestructures and unequal power relations inherent in the current global food system. This paper asserts that because Neoliberal Food Security fails to challenge the structures and inequalities which perpetuate hunger, it is an insufficient method for addressing the problem. In contrast, Food Sovereignty objects to the theories and practices of neoliberalism, thereby offering a radical alternative approach.
Broken Windows Theory: Time to Reevaluate and Reform a Failing Ideology with the Help of Communities
Authors: Schappert Prairie Violet Pauline
Published: October 2018

Broken windows theory is a predominant concept that is used to influence policing and legislation enforcement.  In today’s society, the use of such force and regulation is now being questioned due to the harm and negative effect which has created the marginalization and criminalization of the poor and homeless.  Claiming communities as broken window areas through social and physical disorder leads to stigmatization through invasive police force tactics.  Broken windows theory and policing must be reformed and reevaluated to facility community growth and responsibility to care for citizens.  The introduction of community oriented policing into neighbours is the beginning of aiding police through citizen interaction and building social cohesion.
Cover Artist
Authors: Tremblay Mike
Published: October 2018

Body of work by Mike Tremblay.
Keeping More than Home Fires Burning: Prairie Women during the Second World War
Authors: Breault Meagan
Published: October 2018

The Second World War proved to be a pivotal time for women across Canada. With men away defending the nation, it was women who were expected to not only ‘keep the home fires burning’ but also keep the nation stable. In order to do that, women had to move into roles that were traditionally reserved for men. On the prairies, women picked up the slack readily, moving into factory positions in Central Canada, taking over the family farm, and even joining the army in the Women’s Corps. For the women of Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba, this new role provided them with the chance to earn their own finances for the first time. The war also established a precedent that women could work and be good mothers at the same time. The work that prairie and Canadian women did during the war, helped normalize the idea of women in the workplace that is so prevalent in today’s society.
“Our Enemy, Who for Our Religion… Abhorred Us”: The Establishment and Maintenance of 18th-Century Anti-Catholicism in North America
Authors: Isaac Erin
Published: October 2018

In the centuries following the Protestant Reformation, religion was a point of contention between Catholic and Protestant nations. These contentions are reflected in literature that was produced during colonial disputes between opposing Catholic and Protestant imperial regimes. Academics including Johnathan Clark have described the significance of religion in times of warfare, in spurring the support of the masses and providing a rallying cry for troops. Scholars that study 18th-century conflicts in North America, including the Seven Years’ War, often do not consider the significance of religious affiliations in this age of empire. Despite this lack of attention, in the years leading up to and including the Seven Years’ War, British North American settlers employed anti-Catholic rhetoric to demonize their French Catholic neighbours to the north. This article considers published letters, sermons, and legislation from the mid- to late-18th century in order to describe how terms including “papist” and “catholic” became synonymous with “French” in the North American context. These texts suggest that the Seven Years’ War was conceived as divinely ordained and justified by British settlers as the defense of Protestantism in North America. Protestant denominations overlooked the differences that had historically divided them in the face of this common French Catholic “enemy.”