bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrated metabolomic analysis and cytokine profiling define clusters of immuno-metabolic correlation in new-onset psoriasis
Authors: Tarentini Elisabetta , Odorici Giulia , Righi Valeria , Paganelli Alessia , Giacomelli Luca , Mirisola Valentina , Mucci Adele , Benassi Luisa , D’Aversa Elisabetta , Lasagni Claudia , Kaleci Shaniko , Reali Eva , Magnoni Cristina
Published: May 2021

The association between the metabolic profile and inflammatory cytokines in psoriasis is poorly understood. We analyzed the metabolic and cytokine/chemokine profiles in serum and skin from patients with new-onset psoriasis and healthy subjects (n = 7/group) by HR-MAS NMR and Bio-Plex immunoassay. Immuno-metabolic correlation matrix was analyzed in skin and serum to identify a potential immune-metabolic signature. Metabolomics analysis showed a significant increase in ascorbate and a decrease in scyllo-inositol, and a trend towards an increase in eight other metabolites in psoriatic skin. In serum, there was a significant increase of dimethylglycine and isoleucine. In parallel, psoriatic skin exhibited an increase of early inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IL-1β) and correlation analysis highlighted some major clusters of immune-metabolic correlations. A cluster comprising scyllo-inositol and lysine showed correlations with T-cell cytokines; a cluster comprising serine and taurine showed a negative correlation with early inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, G-CSF, CCL3). A strong positive correlation was enlightened between glutathione and inflammatory cytokines/angiogenesis promoters of psoriasis. The integration of metabolic and immune data indicated a molecular signature constituted by IL-6, IL1-ra, DMG, CCL4, Ile, Gly and IL-8, which could discriminate patients and healthy subjects and could represent a candidate tool in the diagnosis of new-onset psoriasis.
Metabarcoding Malaise traps and soil eDNA reveals seasonal and local arthropod diversity shifts
Authors: Kirse Ameli , Bourlat Sarah J. , Langen Kathrin , Fonseca Vera G.
Published: May 2021

Forest habitats host enormous diversity, but little is known about the seasonal turnover of arthropod species between the above- and below ground forest layers. In this study, we used metabarcoding approaches to uncover arthropod diversity in different forest types and seasons. Our study shows that metabarcoding soil eDNA and Malaise trap bulk samples can provide valuable insights into the phenology and life cycles of arthropods. We found major differences in arthropod species diversity between soil samples and Malaise traps, with only 11.8% species overlap. Higher diversity levels were found in Malaise traps in summer whereas soil samples showed a diversity peak in winter, highlighting the seasonal habitat preferences and life strategies of arthropods. We conclude that collecting time series of bulk arthropod samples and eDNA in the same locations provides a more complete picture of local arthropod diversity and turnover rates and may provide valuable information on climate induced phenological shifts for long-term monitoring.
In search of nano-materials with enhanced secondary electron emission for radiation detectors
Authors: Cholewa Marian , Cappellazzo Mario , Ley Mario , Bittner Dennis , Jolie Jan , Lee Keundong , Song Minho , Yi Gyu-Chul , Boutachkov Plamen
Published: May 2021

There has been limited research devoted to secondary electron emission (SEE) from nano-materials using rapid and heavy ion bombardment. Here we report a comparison of SEE properties between novel nano-materials with a three-dimensional nano-structure composed of a mostly regular pattern of rods and gold used as a standard material for SEE under bombardment of heavy ions at energies of a few MeV/nucleon. The nano-structured materials show enhanced SEE properties when compared with gold. Results from this work will enable the development of new radiation detectors for science and industry.
BMP signaling alters aquaporin-4 expression in the mouse cerebral cortex
Authors: Morita Kazuya , Matsumoto Naoyuki , Saito Kengo , Hamabe-Horiike Toshihide , Mizuguchi Keishi , Shinmyo Yohei , Kawasaki Hiroshi
Published: May 2021

Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is a predominant water channel expressed in astrocytes in the mammalian brain. AQP4 is crucial for the regulation of homeostatic water movement across the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Although the molecular mechanisms regulating AQP4 levels in the cerebral cortex under pathological conditions have been intensively investigated, those under normal physiological conditions are not fully understood. Here we demonstrate that AQP4 is selectively expressed in astrocytes in the mouse cerebral cortex during development. BMP signaling was preferentially activated in AQP4-positive astrocytes. Furthermore, activation of BMP signaling by in utero electroporation markedly increased AQP4 levels in the cerebral cortex, and inhibition of BMP signaling strongly suppressed them. These results indicate that BMP signaling alters AQP4 levels in the mouse cerebral cortex during development.
A python code for automatic construction of Fischer plots using proxy data
Authors: Yang Daming , Huang Yongjian , Chen Zongyang , Huang Qinghua , Ren Yanguang , Wang Chengshan
Published: May 2021

Fischer plots are widely used in paleoenvironmental research as graphic representations of sea- and lake-level changes through mapping linearly corrected variation of accumulative cycle thickness over cycle number or stratum depth. Some kinds of paleoenvironmental proxy data (especially subsurface data, such as natural gamma-ray logging data), which preserve continuous cyclic signals and have been largely collected, are potential materials for constructing Fischer Plots. However, it is laborious to count the cycles preserved in these proxy data manually and map Fischer plots with these cycles. In this paper, we introduce an original open-source Python code “PyFISCHERPLOT” for constructing Fischer Plots in batches utilizing paleoenvironmental proxy data series. The principle of constructing Fischer plots based on proxy data, the data processing and usage of the PyFISCHERPLOT code and the application cases of the code are presented. The code is compared with existing methods for constructing Fischer plots.
Unusual mode of dimerization of retinitis pigmentosa-associated F220C rhodopsin
Authors: Khelashvili George , Pillai Anoop Narayana , Lee Joon , Pandey Kalpana , Payne Alexander M. , Siegel Zarek , Cuendet Michel A. , Lewis Tylor R. , Arshavsky Vadim Y. , Broichhagen Johannes , Levitz Joshua , Menon Anant K.
Published: May 2021

Mutations in the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) rhodopsin are a common cause of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa, a blinding disease. Rhodopsin self-associates in the membrane, and the purified monomeric apo-protein opsin dimerizes in vitro as it transitions from detergent micelles to reconstitute into a lipid bilayer. We previously reported that the retinitis pigmentosa-linked F220C opsin mutant fails to dimerize in vitro, reconstituting as a monomer. Using fluorescence-based assays and molecular dynamics simulations we now report that whereas wild-type and F220C opsin display distinct dimerization propensities in vitro as previously shown, they both dimerize in the plasma membrane of HEK293 cells. Unexpectedly, molecular dynamics simulations show that F220C opsin forms an energetically favored dimer in the membrane when compared with the wild-type protein. The conformation of the F220C dimer is unique, with transmembrane helices 5 and 6 splayed apart, promoting widening of the intracellular vestibule of each protomer and influx of water into the protein interior. FRET experiments with SNAP-tagged wild-type and F220C opsin expressed in HEK293 cells are consistent with this conformational difference. We speculate that the unusual mode of dimerization of F220C opsin in the membrane may have physiological consequences.
Timeliness of antiretroviral therapy initiation in the era before universal treatment
Authors: Bogdanić Nikolina , Bendig Liam , Lukas Davorka , Zekan Šime , Begovac Josip
Published: May 2021

We assessed the prevalence and factors related to the time to antiretroviral (ART) initiation among persons who entered HIV care and subsequently started ART in Croatia from 2005 to 2014. Included were patients ≥ 18 years, the follow-up ended on Dec/31/2017. 628 patients were included into the study 91.9% were men; median age was 36.1 (Q1–Q3: 29.6–43.8) years. Rapid (within 7 days of diagnosis) ART initiation was observed in 21.8% patients, 49.8% initiated ART within 30 days, 21.7% and 28.5% had intermediate (31 days–1 year) and late initiation (> 1 year), respectively. Of 608 patients that achieved an undetectable viral load, 94% had a plasma HIV-1 RNA < 50 copies/ml at last measurement after a median follow-up of 5.2 years. On quantile regression analysis, calendar year of entry into care, and markers of more advanced HIV disease (higher viral load, lower CD4 cell count and clinical AIDS) were significantly associated with earlier ART initiation. Early ART was not related to a gap in care afterwards at all quantiles. In conclusion, a significant proportion of patients started ART early in Croatia in 2005–2014. Early ART initiation led to durable viral load suppression and was not associated with a subsequent gap in care.
Three-dimensional in vivo analysis of water uptake and translocation in maize roots by fast neutron tomography
Authors: Tötzke Christian , Kardjilov Nikolay , Hilger André , Rudolph-Mohr Nicole , Manke Ingo , Oswald Sascha E.
Published: May 2021

Root water uptake is an essential process for terrestrial plants that strongly affects the spatiotemporal distribution of water in vegetated soil. Fast neutron tomography is a recently established non-invasive imaging technique capable to capture the 3D architecture of root systems in situ and even allows for tracking of three-dimensional water flow in soil and roots. We present an in vivo analysis of local water uptake and transport by roots of soil-grown maize plants—for the first time measured in a three-dimensional time-resolved manner. Using deuterated water as tracer in infiltration experiments, we visualized soil imbibition, local root uptake, and tracked the transport of deuterated water throughout the fibrous root system for a day and night situation. This revealed significant differences in water transport between different root types. The primary root was the preferred water transport path in the 13-days-old plants while seminal roots of comparable size and length contributed little to plant water supply. The results underline the unique potential of fast neutron tomography to provide time-resolved 3D in vivo information on the water uptake and transport dynamics of plant root systems, thus contributing to a better understanding of the complex interactions of plant, soil and water.
ITGA2, LAMB3, and LAMC2 may be the potential therapeutic targets in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: an integrated bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Islam Shajedul , Kitagawa Takao , Baron Byron , Abiko Yoshihiro , Chiba Itsuo , Kuramitsu Yasuhiro
Published: May 2021

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common form of pancreatic cancer with an abysmal prognosis rate over the last few decades. Early diagnosis and prevention could effectively combat this malignancy. Therefore, it is crucial to discover potential biomarkers to identify asymptomatic premalignant or early malignant tumors of PDAC. Gene expression analysis is a powerful technique to identify candidate biomarkers involved in disease progression. In the present study, five independent gene expression datasets, including 321 PDAC tissues and 208 adjacent non-cancerous tissue samples, were subjected to statistical and bioinformatics analysis. A total of 20 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in PDAC tissues compared to non-cancerous tissue samples. Gene ontology and pathway enrichment analysis showed that DEGs were mainly enriched in extracellular matrix (ECM), cell adhesion, ECM–receptor interaction, and focal adhesion signaling. The protein–protein interaction network was constructed, and the hub genes were evaluated. Collagen type XII alpha 1 chain (COL12A1), fibronectin 1 (FN1), integrin subunit alpha 2 (ITGA2), laminin subunit beta 3 (LAMB3), laminin subunit gamma 2 (LAMC2), thrombospondin 2 (THBS2), and versican (VCAN) were identified as hub genes. The correlation analysis revealed that identified hub genes were significantly interconnected. Wherein COL12A1, FN1, ITGA2, LAMB3, LAMC2, and THBS2 were significantly associated with PDAC pathological stages. The Kaplan–Meier survival plots revealed that ITGA2, LAMB3, and LAMC2 expression were inversely correlated with a prolonged patient survival period. Furthermore, the Human Protein Atlas database was used to validate the expression and cellular origins of hub genes encoded proteins. The protein expression of hub genes was higher in pancreatic cancer tissue than in normal pancreatic tissue samples, wherein ITGA2, LAMB3, and LAMC2 were exclusively expressed in pancreatic cancer cells. Pancreatic cancer cell-specific expression of these three proteins may play pleiotropic roles in cancer progression. Our results collectively suggest that ITGA2, LAMB3, and LAMC2 could provide deep insights into pancreatic carcinogenesis molecular mechanisms and provide attractive therapeutic targets.
Compact solid-state optical phased array beam scanners based on polymeric photonic integrated circuits
Authors: Kim Sung-Moon , Lee Eun-Su , Chun Kwon-Wook , Jin Jinung , Oh Min-Cheol
Published: May 2021

Optical phased array (OPA) devices are being actively investigated to develop compact solid-state beam scanners, which are essential in fields such as LiDAR, free-space optical links, biophotonics, etc. Based on the unique nature of perfluorinated polymers, we propose a polymer waveguide OPA with the advantages of low driving power and high optical throughput. Unlike silicon photonic OPAs, the polymer OPAs enable sustainable phase distribution control during beam scanning, which reduces the burden of beamforming. Moreover, by incorporating a tunable wavelength laser comprising a polymer waveguide Bragg reflector, two-dimensional beam scanning is demonstrated, which facilitates the development of laser-integrated polymeric OPA beam scanners.
The etiology of cardiac hypertrophy in infants
Authors: Stegeman Raymond , Paauw Nina D. , de Graaf Rosalie , van Loon Rosa L. E. , Termote Jacqueline U. M. , Breur Johannes M. P. J.
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to describe the variety of etiologies currently identified in infants with cardiac hypertrophy (CH) and investigate whether there is a relation with hyperinsulinism, echocardiographic characteristics and prognosis. This retrospective cohort study included infants born between 2005 and 2018 with CH measured by echocardiography [interventricular septum (IVS) and/or left ventricular posterior wall (LVPW) thickness with Z-score ≥ 2.0]. Children with congenital heart disease or hypertension were excluded. Underlying diagnosis, echocardiographic and follow-up data were extracted from patient files. Seventy-one infants with CH were included. An underlying cause of CH was identified in two-thirds (n = 47). Most common etiologies of CH were malformation syndromes (n = 23, including Noonan n = 12) and maternal diabetes mellitus (n = 13). Less common causes were congenital hyperinsulinism (n = 3), metabolic- (n = 5), sarcomeric- (n = 2) and neuromuscular disease (n = 1). In half of the identified causes (n = 22) an association with hyperinsulinism was described, including maternal diabetes mellitus (n = 13), malformation syndromes with insulin resistance (n = 6) and congenital hyperinsulinism (n = 3). CH associated with hyperinsulinism was echocardiographically characterized by lower LVPW thickness, higher IVS:LVPW ratio and more frequent sole involvement of the IVS (all, p ≤ 0.02). CH associated with hyperinsulinism normalized more often (41 vs. 0%) with lower mortality rates (14 vs. 44%) compared to CH not associated with hyperinsulinism (all, p ≤ 0.03). Nowadays, an etiology of CH can be identified in the majority of infants. The development of CH is often associated with hyperinsulinism which is mainly characterized by focal hypertrophy of the IVS on echocardiography. Prognosis depends on the underlying cause and is more favorable in CH associated with hyperinsulinism.
Multivalent nanoparticle-based vaccines protect hamsters against SARS-CoV-2 after a single immunization
Authors: Chiba Shiho , Frey Steven J. , Halfmann Peter J. , Kuroda Makoto , Maemura Tadashi , Yang Jie E. , Wright Elizabeth R. , Kawaoka Yoshihiro , Kane Ravi S.
Published: May 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to wreak havoc as worldwide SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalization, and death rates climb unabated. Effective vaccines remain the most promising approach to counter SARS-CoV-2. Yet, while promising results are emerging from COVID-19 vaccine trials, the need for multiple doses and the challenges associated with the widespread distribution and administration of vaccines remain concerns. Here, we engineered the coat protein of the MS2 bacteriophage and generated nanoparticles displaying multiple copies of the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein. The use of these nanoparticles as vaccines generated high neutralizing antibody titers and protected Syrian hamsters from a challenge with SARS-CoV-2 after a single immunization with no infectious virus detected in the lungs. This nanoparticle-based vaccine platform thus provides protection after a single immunization and may be broadly applicable for protecting against SARS-CoV-2 and future pathogens with pandemic potential.
Evaluation of nutraceutical application of xylooligosaccharide enzymatically produced from cauliflower stalk for its value addition through a sustainable approach
Authors: Majumdar Sayari , Bhattacharyya D. K. , Bhowal Jayati
Published: May 2021

The present study indicated the cost-effective production of endoxylanase, as well as xylooligosaccharide, a prebiotic functional food ingredient utilizing xylan extracted from cauliflower stalk through steam coupled alkaline treatment.
VEGFR2-targeted ultrasound molecular imaging of angiogenesis to evaluate liver allograft fibrosis
Authors: Qiu Chen , Sha Tingting , Yin Tinghui , Zhang Wei , Chen Xiuling , Miao Xiaoyan , Zheng Rongqin , Shuai Xintao , Ren Jie
Published: May 2021

The study highlighted the potential of VEGFR2-targeted USMI as an effective monitoring tool for liver allograft fibrosis.
Vapor-phase oxidation of cyclohexane over supported Fe–Mn catalysts: in situ DRIFTS studies
Authors: Yadav Vijendra Kumar , Das Taraknath
Published: May 2021

The in situ DRIFTS of cyclohexane oxidation by dehydration and dehydrogenation and various surface species is reported.
Visible-light photocatalytic selective oxidation of C(sp3)–H bonds by anion–cation dual-metal-site nanoscale localized carbon nitride
Authors: Wang Yingying , Li Peihe , Wang Jinghui , Liu Zhifei , Wang Yin , Lu Ye , Liu Ying , Duan Limei , Li Wanfei , Sarina Sarina , Zhu Huaiyong , Liu Jinghai
Published: May 2021

Anion–cation dual-metal-site nanoscale localized carbon nitride exhibits a significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity for the oxidation of alkanes and alcohols with a high activity and a wide functional group tolerance.
Nickel doping as an effective strategy to promote separation of photogenerated charge carriers for efficient solar-fuel production
Authors: Wang Jin , Xuan Yimin , Zhang Kai
Published: May 2021

A highly active Ni doped ZnIn2S4 photocatalyst exhibits remarkable performance in photocatalytic H2 evolution and CO2 reduction on account of promoted separation of photogenerated charge carriers without changing the surface reaction kinetics.
Humidity-sensitive irreversible phase transformation of open-framework zinc phosphate and its water-assisted high proton conduction properties
Authors: Yu Jing-Wei , Yu Hai-Jiao , Ren Qiu , Zhang Jin , Zou Yang , Luo Hong-Bin , Wang Lifeng , Ren Xiao-Ming
Published: May 2021

(NMe4)[ZnP2O8H3] undergoes an irreversible phase transition on heating. The proton conductivity of this hybrid material reaches the order of 10−2 S cm−1 at low temperature (RT) and high humidity (98%RH).
Monitoring the influence of wastewater effluent on a small drinking water system using EEM fluorescence spectroscopy coupled with a PARAFAC and PCA statistical approach
Authors: Park Yuri , MacIsaac Sean A. , Kaur Parminder , Brophy Michael , Gagnon Graham A.
Published: May 2021

The potential use of a statistical approach for the investigation of complex dissolved organic matter (DOM) sources in surface water within a recycled water system monitored by excitation–emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy is shown.
A flavonoid-rich Smilax china L. extract prevents obesity by upregulating the adiponectin-receptor/AMPK signalling pathway and modulating the gut microbiota in mice
Authors: Li Xin , Yang Licong , Li Jingen , Lin Lezhen , Zheng Guodong
Published: May 2021

The anti-obesity mechanism of SCF. The anti-obesity effects of SCF were possibly due to the following: (1) SCF improves lipid metabolism via adiponectin receptor/AMPK signalling; and (2) SCF modulates gut microbiota and production of SCFAs in mice.
Nuciferine improves high-fat diet-induced obesity via reducing intestinal permeability by increasing autophagy and remodeling the gut microbiota
Authors: Shi Zhen , Fang Zhi-yuan , Gao Xin-xing , Yu Hao , Zhu Yi-wei , Ouyang Hui-lin , Song Yu-xiang , Du Xi-liang , Wang Zhe , Li Xin-wei , Liu Guo-wen
Published: May 2021

This study provides evidence that nuciferine exerts anti-obesity effects in mice fed a high fat diet by reducing the intestinal permeability via the enhancement of autophagy and by increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia.
Polysaccharide from Flammulina velutipes attenuates markers of metabolic syndrome by modulating the gut microbiota and lipid metabolism in high fat diet-fed mice
Authors: Zhao Ruiqiu , Ji Yang , Chen Xin , Hu Qiuhui , Zhao Liyan
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study is to examine the attenuation effect of Flammulina velutipes polysaccharide on high fat diet-induced metabolic syndrome mice, for testing that treatment with FVP alleviates metabolic syndrome in high fat diet-fed mice.
Different Bifidobacterium bifidum strains change the intestinal flora composition of mice via different mechanisms to alleviate loperamide-induced constipation
Authors: Chai Mao , Wang Linlin , Li Xinping , Zhao Jianxin , Zhang Hao , Wang Gang , Chen Wei
Published: May 2021

B. bifidum had intraspecies differences in relieving constipation. It can promote intestinal peristalsis by gastrointestinal active peptides. Specially, FXJCJ32M2 may promote the expression of AQP8 and VIPR1 through gut microbiota modulation.
Both macronutrient food composition and fasting insulin resistance affect postprandial glycemic responses in senior subjects
Authors: Galarregui Cristina , Navas-Carretero Santiago , González-Navarro Carlos J. , Martínez J. Alfredo , Zulet M. Angeles , Abete Itziar
Published: May 2021

Fasting insulin and HOMA-IR modulate insulinemic responses independent of the type of food ingested in normoglycemic subjects. It is important to identify impaired postprandial glucose metabolism in apparently metabolically healthy adults.
Selenium enrichedBacillus subtilis yb-1114246 activated the TLR2–NF-κB1 signaling pathway to regulate chicken intestinal β-defensin 1 expression
Authors: Yang Jiajun , Wang Jing , Huang Kehe , Zhu Mengling , Liu Qinxing , Liu Guofang , Chen Fu , Zhang Hao , Qin Shunyi
Published: May 2021

B. subtilis yb-111246 was recognized by TLR2 in chicken intestine and present the signal to MyD88. The potential signaling pathway of SEBS was proposed to be TLR2–MyD88–NF-κB1, upregulated the expression of BD1.
An injectable serotonin–chondroitin sulfate hydrogel for bio-inspired hemostatic adhesives with high wound healing capability
Authors: Zhang Xingxia , Ma Zhifang , Ke Yue , Xia Yu , Xu Xiaodong , Liu Jingchuan , Gong Yumei , Shi Qiang , Yin Jinghua
Published: May 2021

An injectable hydrogel inspired by platelet clotting mediators is developed based on natural components of the human body including serotonin and chondroitin sulfate, which exhibits improved hemostatic performance and wound healing capability.
Synthesis and immunological evaluation ofN-acyl modified Globo H derivatives as anticancer vaccine candidates
Authors: Zhai Canjia , Zheng Xiu-Jing , Song Chengcheng , Ye Xin-Shan
Published: May 2021

Fluorine-modifiedN-acyl Globo H conjugates induce higher titers of IgG antibodies that can recognize the native Globo H antigen on the surface of cancer cells and eliminate cancer cells, holding potential as anticancer vaccines.
Diatomite waste derived N-doped porous carbon for applications in the oxygen reduction reaction and supercapacitors
Authors: Huang Youguo , Wang Yiyan , Cai Yezheng , Wang Hongqiang , Li Qingyu , Wu Qiang , Liu Kui , Ma Zhaoling
Published: May 2021

Biomass waste recycling and utilization is of great significance for improving ecological environments and relieving the current energy crisis.
An overview on the investigation of nanomaterials' effect on plasma components: immunoglobulins and coagulation factor VIII, 2010–2020 review
Authors: Zadeh Mehrizi Tahereh , Mousavi Hosseini Kamran
Published: May 2021

FVIII and immunoglobulins (Igs) are the most prominent plasma proteins, which play a vital role in plasma hemostasis.
A target-activated plasmon coupling surface-enhanced Raman scattering platform for the highly sensitive and reproducible detection of miRNA-21
Authors: Cui Yanfang , Zheng Jing , Zhuang Wei , Wang Haiwang
Published: May 2021

We have developed an SERS-based platform for the miRNA-21 assay with nucleic acid and Raman dye-modified AuNPs as capture substrates.
Dopamine-coated nano-SiO2-modified PVDF piezoelectric composite film
Authors: Liu Lulu , Fu Wenyi , Wang Lili , Shan Xiaobiao
Published: May 2021

Fabrication of dopamine@SiO2/PVDF provides a promising new method for broadening nanofabrication technology and improving the performance of piezoelectric composites, contributing to the study on new curved-panel energy harvesters.
Ag/AgCl nanoparticles embedded in porous TiO2: defect formation triggered by light irradiation
Authors: Jeong Haneul , Lee Junhyung
Published: May 2021

The photocatalytic activity of Ag/AgCl embedded in defective porous TiO2 was dependent on the changes of Ti3+ and the formation of AgCl crystals.
The role of zero-field splitting and π-stacking interaction of different nitrogen-donor ligands on the optical properties of luminescent rhenium tricarbonyl complexes
Authors: Cantero-López Plinio , Hidalgo-Rosa Yoan , Sandoval-Olivares Zoraida , Santoyo-Flores Julián , Mella Pablo , Arrué Lily , Zúñiga César , Arratia-Pérez Ramiro , Páez-Hernández Dayán
Published: May 2021

In this work, a systematic evaluation of the role of zero-field splitting (ZFS), and the geometric arrangement of different nitrogen-donor ligands, including π-stacking interactions, in five selected rhenium luminescent complexes was performed.
Hydrated metal ion as a general acid in the catalytic mechanism of the 8–17 DNAzyme
Authors: Cortés-Guajardo Catalina , Rojas-Hernández Francisca , Paillao-Bustos Romina , Cepeda-Plaza Marjorie
Published: May 2021

pH-Rate profiles indicate hydrated M2+ as a general acid in the catalytic mechanism of the RNA-cleaving 8–17 DNAzyme.
A copper nitride catalyst for the efficient hydroxylation of aryl halides under ligand-free conditions
Authors: Xu Hang , Yamaguchi Sho , Mitsudome Takato , Mizugaki Tomoo
Published: May 2021

Reusable copper nitride nanoparticles enable ligand-free, heterogeneous, and high-yield catalytic hydroxylation of a broad range of aryl halides with excellent substrate tolerance under mild reaction conditions.
New insight into the growth of monolayer MoS2 flakes using an indigenously developed CVD setup: a study on shape evolution and spectroscopy
Authors: Papanai Girija Shankar , Pal Samanta , Pal Prabir , Yadav Brajesh S. , Garg Preeti , Gupta Sarika , Ansari S. G. , Gupta Bipin Kumar
Published: May 2021

Various shapes of monolayer MoS2 flakes have been synthesized using a home-built CVD setup. The synthesis pathway and shape evolution have been interpreted via the fluid model and growing rate of (Mo,S) zigzag edges.
A comparative study of electrical and opto-electrical properties of a few-layer p-WSe2/n-WS2 heterojunction diode on SiO2 and h-BN substrates
Authors: Sharma Pradeep Raj , Gautam Praveen , Afzal Amir Muhammad , Park Byoungchoo , Noh Hwayong
Published: May 2021

A few-layer WSe2/WS2 heterojunction diode on an h-BN substrate shows improved electronic and optoelectronic characteristics with a robust diode rectification ratio and photo responsivity compared to that on a SiO2 substrate.
Thermodynamic assessment of the stability of bulk and nanoparticulate cobalt and nickel during dry and steam reforming of methane
Authors: Wolf Moritz
Published: May 2021

Thermodynamic assessment of oxidation and sintering of Co or Ni as well as the size dependent oxidation of nanoparticles to the corresponding oxide are presented considering the prevailing conditions during steam and dry reforming of methane.
The graphite-catalyzed ipso-functionalization of arylboronic acids in an aqueous medium: metal-free access to phenols, anilines, nitroarenes, and haloarenes
Authors: Dandia Anshu , Sharma Ruchi , Saini Pratibha , Badgoti Ranveer Singh , Rathore Kuldeep S. , Parewa Vijay
Published: May 2021

An efficient, metal-free, and sustainable strategy has been described for the ipso-functionalization of phenylboronic acids using air as an oxidant in an aqueous medium.
Synthesis of Co2FeGe Heusler alloy nanoparticles and catalysis for selective hydrogenation of propyne
Authors: Kojima Takayuki , Nakaya Yuki , Ham Hyungwon , Kameoka Satoshi , Furukawa Shinya
Published: May 2021

Supported nanoparticles of Co2FeGe Heusler alloy were successfully synthesized. The reaction rate per weight was increased 2000 times by nano-sizing.
Immunoinformatics-guided design of a multi-epitope vaccine based on the structural proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Authors: Obaidullah Ahmad J. , Alanazi Mohammed M. , Alsaif Nawaf A. , Albassam Hussam , Almehizia Abdulrahman A. , Alqahtani Ali M. , Mahmud Shafi , Sami Saad Ahmed , Emran Talha Bin
Published: May 2021

COVID-19 is caused by SARS-CoV-2, resulting in a contagious respiratory tract infection. For designing a multi-epitope vaccine, we utilized the four structural proteins from the SARS-CoV-2 by using bioinformatics and immunoinformatics analysis.
Glycan–protein cross-linking mass spectrometry reveals sialic acid-mediated protein networks on cell surfaces
Authors: Xie Yixuan , Chen Siyu , Li Qiongyu , Sheng Ying , Alvarez Michael Russelle , Reyes Joeriggo , Xu Gege , Solakyildirim Kemal , Lebrilla Carlito B.
Published: May 2021

The cell surface glycocalyx is highly interactive defined by extensive covalent and non-covalent interactions. A method for cross-linking and characterizing glycan–peptide interactions in situ is developed.
Understanding polyoxometalates as water oxidation catalysts through iron vs. cobalt reactivity
Authors: Azmani Khalid , Besora Maria , Soriano-López Joaquín , Landolsi Meriem , Teillout Anne-Lucie , de Oliveira Pedro , Mbomekallé Israël-Martyr , Poblet Josep M. , Galán-Mascarós José-Ramón
Published: May 2021

This study explores the water oxidation catalytic activity of Fe-containing polyoxometalates. Comparative analyses with Co analogs identify the major descriptors for water oxidation catalysts based on robust and inexpensive materials.
Using steric hindrance to manipulate and stabilize metal halide perovskites for optoelectronics
Authors: Miao Yanfeng , Chen Yuetian , Chen Haoran , Wang Xingtao , Zhao Yixin
Published: May 2021

Manipulation on steric hindrance can influence the fundamental kinetics of perovskite crystallization and film formation, therefore stabilizing and passivating perovskite structures, and promoting the commercialization of stable perovskite devices.
X-ray scattering reveals ion clustering of dilute chromium species in molten chloride medium
Authors: Roy Santanu , Sharma Shobha , Karunaratne Waruni V. , Wu Fei , Gakhar Ruchi , Maltsev Dmitry S. , Halstenberg Phillip , Abeykoon Milinda , Gill Simerjeet K. , Zhang Yuanpeng , Mahurin Shannon M. , Dai Sheng , Bryantsev Vyacheslav S. , Margulis Claudio J. , Ivanov Alexander S.
Published: May 2021

Ion clustering of dilute chromium species was unexpectedly revealed in a high-temperature molten chloride salt, challenging several long-held assumptions regarding specific ionic interactions and transport in molten ionic media.
Nitrogen-rich covalent organic polymers and potassium iodide for efficient chemical fixation of CO2 into epoxides under mild conditions
Authors: Hao Yongjing , Yan Xiuli , Zhu Zheng , Chang Tao , Meng Xiaocai , Fu Xiying , Panchal Balaji , Kang Lianwei , Qin Shenjun
Published: May 2021

The synergistic interaction of KI and NUPs plays an important role in the fixation reaction of CO2 and epoxides.
ALD Pt nanoparticles and thin-film coatings enhancing the stability and performance of silicon photocathodes for solar water splitting
Authors: Trompoukis Christos , Feng Ji-Yu , Bosserez Tom , Rongé Jan , Dendooven Jolien , Detavernier Christophe , Baets Roel , Martens Johan A.
Published: May 2021

ALD is used to deposit Pt nanoparticles capped by ultra-thin SiO2 layers of various thicknesses to enhance the performance and stability of Si photocathodes used for solar water splitting. Enhanced stability is achieved compared to the reference case.
The release of metal ions induced surface reconstruction of layered double hydroxide electrocatalysts
Authors: Zhu Yu-Xun , Liu Min , Hou Guang-Ya , Tang Yi-Ping , Wu Lian-Kui
Published: May 2021

Developing highly efficient and affordable oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts is of great significance for the large-scale application of water splitting to produce hydrogen.
Assembly of cellulose nanocrystals and clay nanoplatelets studied by time-resolved X-ray scattering
Authors: Munier Pierre , Di Andi , Hadi Seyed Ehsan , Kapuscinski Martin , Segad Mo , Bergström Lennart
Published: May 2021

Co-assembly of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and montmorillonite (MNT) in levitating droplets was followed by time-resolved SAXS. The assembly was dominated by CNC, and MNT influenced the gelation and close packing at high volume fractions.
Efficient near-infrared emission from lead-free ytterbium-doped cesium bismuth halide perovskites
Authors: Tran Minh N. , Cleveland Iver J. , Pustorino Gregory A. , Aydil Eray S.
Published: May 2021

Yb doping of Cs3Bi2Br9 results in near-infrared luminescence with 14.5% quantum yield when excited with above bandgap photons. This emission decreases sharply when bandgap is reduced below twice the emission energy raising the possibility that the mechanism involves quantum cutting.
Designing for conjugate addition: an amine functionalised quinone anolyte for redox flow batteries
Authors: Jethwa Rajesh B. , Zhao Evan Wenbo , Kerber Rachel N. , Jónsson Erlendur , Wright Dominic S. , Grey Clare P.
Published: May 2021

Double conjugate addition leads to an increased stability and increased voltage for this amine functionalised quinoidal anolyte designed for basic aqueous redox flow batteries, suggesting that such a reaction does not always lead to degradation.
Applications of 3D bioprinting in tissue engineering: advantages, deficiencies, improvements, and future perspectives
Authors: Tan Baosen , Gan Shaolei , Wang Xiumei , Liu Wenyong , Li Xiaoming
Published: May 2021

3D bioprinting has progressed tremendously in the field of tissue engineering in its ability to deliver cells with high precision, prototypes with rapidly customized features, and engineer constructs with highly controllable microenvironments.
Self-assembly gel-based dynamic response system for specific recognition of N-acetylneuraminic acid
Authors: Wang Xue , Qian Shengxu , Wang Dongdong , Wang Cunli , Qin Haijuan , Peng Lang , Lu Wenqi , Zhang Yahui , Qing Guangyan
Published: May 2021

A remarkable self-assembly transition of l-PyHis in response to selective binding of Neu5Ac (a typical sialic acid).
Wafer-scale single crystals: crystal growth mechanisms, fabrication methods, and functional applications
Authors: Ding Changshuai , Jia Hanyu , Sun Qingqing , Yao Zhiqiang , Yang Huige , Liu Wentao , Pang Xinchang , Li Shisheng , Liu Chuan , Minari Takeo , Chen Jinzhou , Liu Xuying , Song Yanlin
Published: May 2021

This review aims to elucidate relevant challenging issues on controllable wafer-scale preparation, additive patterning, and heterogeneous integration of van der Waals single crystals with uniform morphology and crystallographic orientation.
Opposing forces fight over the same ground to regulate interferon signaling
Authors: Blalock William L.
Published: May 2021

The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has spurred new interest in interferon signaling in response to viral pathogens. Much of what we know about the signaling molecules and associated signal transduction induced during the host cellular response to viral pathogens has been gained from research conducted from the 1990's to the present day, but certain intricacies of the mechanisms involved, still remain unclear. In a recent study by Vaughn et al. the authors examine one of the main mechanisms regulating interferon induction following viral infection, the RIG-I/MAVS/IRF3 pathway, and find that similar to PKR both DICER interacting proteins, PACT and TRBP, regulate RIG-I signaling in an opposing manner. More specifically, the reported findings demonstrate, like others, that PACT stimulates RIG-I-mediated signaling in a manner independent of PACT dsRNA-binding ability or phosphorylation at sites known to be important for PACT-dependent PKR activation. In contrast, they show for the first time that TRBP inhibits RIG-I-mediated signaling. RIG-I inhibition by TRBP did not require phosphorylation of sites shown to be important for inhibiting PKR, nor did it involve PACT or PKR, but it did require the dsRNA-binding ability of TRBP. These findings open the door to a complex co-regulation of RIG-I, PKR, MDA5, miRNA processing, and interferon induction.
Interferon-induced GTPases orchestrate host cell-autonomous defence against bacterial pathogens
Authors: Rafeld Heike L. , Kolanus Waldemar , van Driel Ian R. , Hartland Elizabeth L.
Published: May 2021

Interferon (IFN)-induced guanosine triphosphate hydrolysing enzymes (GTPases) have been identified as cornerstones of IFN-mediated cell-autonomous defence. Upon IFN stimulation, these GTPases are highly expressed in various host cells, where they orchestrate anti-microbial activities against a diverse range of pathogens such as bacteria, protozoan and viruses. IFN-induced GTPases have been shown to interact with various host pathways and proteins mediating pathogen control via inflammasome activation, destabilising pathogen compartments and membranes, orchestrating destruction via autophagy and the production of reactive oxygen species as well as inhibiting pathogen mobility. In this mini-review, we provide an update on how the IFN-induced GTPases target pathogens and mediate host defence, emphasising findings on protection against bacterial pathogens.
Study on coupling of new urbanization and environmental quality in Qinghai Province
Authors: Shao Zhenhua , Li Yun , Ding Shengxi
Published: May 2021

This paper selects the index data of population, economy and space from 2000 to 2019, establishes an evaluation index system for the level of new urbanization and environmental quality in Qinghai Province, studies the coordination between new urbanization and environmental quality in Qinghai Province by establishing a coupling coordination model, and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for the coordinated development of new urbanization and environmental quality in Qinghai Province.
Reduce energy consumption with an advanced eco-routing guidance strategy
Authors: Chen Jie , Hu Maobin
Published: May 2021

Route guidance is an efficient method to improve the capacity and efficiency of traffic system. This paper proposes an advanced ecorouting guidance strategy based on the real-time feedback information of both fuel consumption and travel time under the background of intelligent transportation system. Compared with the geographical shortest path strategy (GSP) and the time shortest path strategy (TSP), simulation experiment results show that the new strategy can help save fuel consumption and traffic cost by less detours. The distribution of travel cost among the roads is also provided, which is consistent with analysis. The implementation of the strategy in real cities might greatly reduce the energy consumption for transportation.
Discussion on product oil on-line back mixing technology based on a product oil pipeline
Authors: Li Kaihong , Feng Liang , Zhang Rui , Dang Wenjun
Published: May 2021

The mixed oil treatment of Product oil is an important task of pipeline enterprises. The paperconcluded that the on-line back mixing technology was feasible, compared treatment methods from the perspective of safety and economic benefits. TheProduct oil pipeline is taken as the research object in this paper, studied the concentration distribution of mixed Product oil and amount of mixed Product oilunder operation and shutdown condition, and brief studied Product oil On-line back mixing technology. Combined with the demand and pipeline length, the mixing test is determined at CD station and CQ station. The operation process as follow: First, Product oilsamples areextracted from the pipeline. Second, the index parameters are detected after the oil samples are mixed with different proportions, and obtaining the blending potential under the theoretical situation, the result show that the mixing potential of gasoline is greater than that of diesel. Third, the field test do with arbitrarily mixed oil download scheme, which study two mixed oil surfaces. The required fund of dealing with the mixed oil is obtained combined with the download amount of mixed oil.Finally, comparing with the funds of the previous contaminated treatment methods, it is concluded that the On-line Back Mixing technology has great advantages in both safety and economic benefits.
Performance analysis of new structure heat exchanger based on field synergy and numerical simulation
Authors: Song Xinpu , Zhang Feng , Yu Jin , Xi Dongsheng , Chen Mengdi
Published: May 2021

High efficiency heat exchanger is always a hot topic, and field synergy theory is introduced as an important means to optimize the heat transfer efficiency. Based on the field synergy theory, a new type of heat exchanger is proposed in this paper, in which, the cold and hot fluid presents reverse cross flow law. Through the verification of the test and numerical simulation results, a reasonable numerical simulation model and method are obtained. Then, the flow and heat transfer conditions of the new structure heat exchanger are simulated by the verified numerical simulation technology. The conclusion is as follows: K-ε turbulence model and coupled heat transfer model can be effectively used in the numerical simulation of heat exchanger. And the reverse cross convection heat exchanger can effectively improve the uniformity of water temperature distribution in the heat exchanger.
Visual experimental study on development of mud film in slurry shield excavation face based on transparent soil technology
Authors: Liang Henghui , Shi Zhipeng , Ni Xiaodong , Chen Songjie , Zeng Qiankun
Published: May 2021

In order to solve the problems of grouting diffusion and invisible formation process in shield slurry film forming test, transparent soil and transparent slurry were introduced to carry out shield mud film test based on shield grouting model. Using laser imaging combined with CCD camera (high-speed industrial camera) rapid capture photography technology, through a series of visible physical model tests of slurry diffusion and mud film development under different working conditions, the temporal and spatial conditions of slurry diffusion were observed and recorded in real time to explore the slurry diffusion law and the formation mechanism of mud film in slurry shield excavation face.The phenomenon shows that the smaller the grouting pressure is, the more favorable the formation of mud film is.The mud penetration distance is generally proportional to the grouting pressure.The infiltration distance of the grout increases with time, and the infiltration distance of the grout is similar at each moment under the same grouting pressure. The leachate volume and time show a quadratic function roughly under the same density and mud pressure, and the increase rate of the leachate volume begins to slow down with time.
Calculation method for the effect of heat rejection of split-type air conditioner on thermal environment and building energy demand for neighbourhood-level
Authors: Liu Haijing , Pan Yiqun , Huang Zhizhong
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this research is to propose a simple and fast method to evaluate the effect of heat rejection of split-type air conditioner on the thermal environment surrounding the building and the building cooling demand to provide guidance for architectural design in the urban planning stage. In this paper, we first determined the factors that affect or are affected by heat rejection as heat dissipation, wind speed, and ambient air temperature, which as inputs to the CFD to build the regression model of the temperature rise. Then, the regression model is coupled with the energy consumption simulation software EnergyPlus to estimate the building cooling increase. The result of taking a typical residential building as a reference show that the maximum temperature rise and cooling demand increase with the values of 1.86°C and 17%.
Research on harmonic current suppression of three-phase four-wire power conversion system
Authors: Qing Hongyang , He Hao , Nie Wenqing , Wang Xiaohuan , Zhang Chunjiang
Published: May 2021

The harmonic current of the three-phase four-wire gridconnected power conversion system (PCS) will be increased due to gridside harmonics and neutral loop. To solve these problems, the three-phase four-wire I-type three-level converter is applied as the topology in this paper to study the harmonic current suppression of the grid-connected PCS. A compound control strategy with the proportional integral (PI) and repetitive controller in parallel is presented and the interaction between the parameters of the compound controller is analyzed. The comparative research is carried out from the theoretical perspective of model analysis, and a controller optimization scheme is proposed. Finally, under the grid and neutral current waveform quality of simulation and experiment, the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed scheme is verified.
Study on safety operation of medium voltage distribution network
Authors: Chen Xiaofang , Chen Li’an , Wang Dong , Chen Qihao
Published: May 2021

Aiming at the problem of safe operation in the medium voltage distribution network with neutral point grounding through small resistance, the distribution network model was built, and on this basis, MW-level photovoltaic (PV) system, doubly fed Induction generator (DFIG) wind turbine, permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) wind turbine and energy storage device was connected respectively in this paper. The ground current and earth potential rise was studied when the power was delivered by mistake. The simulation results show that in the system with neutral point grounding through small resistance, whether it is the traditional or the active distribution network, the three-phase power delivery method is more able to ensure the personal safety of power grid operators. However, The access to distributed generator (DG) in the distribution network will have a greater impact on ground current and earth potential rise in the case of three-phase power delivery. Especially when the ground current and earth potential rise will increase after DG connected to distribution network, which is still likely to pose a threat to personal safety and needs further research.