bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of Nocturnal Enuresis and history of Breastffeeding in primary school children in Hilla city
Authors: AL-Hussein Hajer Moayed Abdul , AL-Joborae Sijal Fadhil Farhood
Published: September 2022

Background : Nocturnal Enuresis is a common problem in children. It has significant psychological impacts on both children and families. Nocturnal enuresis refers to an inability to hold urine during sleep at night. It is essential problem for school age children Objectives: To identify whether history of breastfeeding has a positive relation with reduced rates of bedwetting  bed wetting at school age and to identify characteristics of breastfeeding that correlate with bedwetting or otherwise. Patients and methods: It is a descriptive  hospital based cross_ sectional study which was carried out on convenient sample of 200 child with  nocturnal enuresis aged 6 -12 years who attended  Pediatric consultant clinic  of Babylon Maternity and Pediatric Hospital, Imam  Al-Sadiq General Teaching  Hospital  and Al Noor Pediatric Hospital , Urology consultant  clinic of  Hilla General Teaching Hospital and Imam  Al-Sadiq General Teaching  Hospital , whose mother accepted to participate in this study . It was conducted over a period of  three months beginning  from first of February to first of  May 2022. Result: A total of 200 children with nocturnal enuresis were enrolled in this study, with mean ± SD of age was 8.3 ± 2 years, ranging between 6 to 12 years.
Gluteal muscle activation and strength in Egyptian nurses with low back pain
Authors: Abbas Hazem M. , Nahass Bassem G. El , Ibrahim Mona M.
Published: September 2022

Background: nursing is characterized by high occupational stress and bad carrying habits that may lead to negative changes in posture. The aim of this study is to assess Gluteal muscles activation and strength in Egyptian nurses working in ICU and In-patient units complaining from chronic low back pain. Design: A cross-sectional study. Subjects One hundred thirty-four Male and female nurses was recruited for this study. Their work duration ranged from 3 to 10 years in the hospital, their work shifts extend for approximately 8 - 12 hours including patient handling, and their age ranged from 21 to 40 years old. Method: the gluteal muscles activation was measured by EMG and gluteal muscles strength was assessed by hand-held dynamometer. Results: MANOVA revealed that there were no significant differences between groups in all measures of muscle endurance. On the other hand, there was only a significant difference between groups in Gluteus Maximus Muscle activation in non-dominant side (F = 16.639, p <.001*) and Gluteus Med/Min Muscle activation in dominant side (F = 6.732, p = 0.011*).
Motivational interviewing empowerment program on self management in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Ratnawati Ratnawati , Buheli Kartin , Pratama Eka , Pomalango Zulkifli B.
Published: September 2022

Diabetes is a disease whose main factors are related to lifestyle, such as activity habits and eating patterns. This risk will increase in individuals with unrestrained hypertension. The purpose of this study was analyzing the motivational interviewing empowerment program for self-management in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The kind this study used is Quasi Experiment with the form of Non-Randomized Control Group Pretest Posttest Design. The results of the exaimine in the intervention group showed that self-management of patients after being given Motivational Interviewing from all 30 respondents experienced an increase in self-management, with self-management scores before Motivational Interviewing ranging from 37-50 and after being given Motivational Interviewing ranging from 38-53. The results of further analysis obtained a Significance P-value of 0.000 (p<0.05). And the results of the study in the control group showed that the patient's self-management after being given leaflets from all respondents did not experience an increase in self-management. This is evidenced by the score of self-management before being given leaflets ranging from 32-50 and after being given leaflets ranging from 37-50. The results of further analysis obtained a Significance P-value of 0.126 (p<0.05). The motivational interviewing empowerment program can effectively improve self-management in diabetes management.
Age, lipid profile, testosterone, and prostate-specific antigen are predictors of erectile dysfunction in benign prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: Yeremia Gerald K , Duarsa Gede Wirya Kusuma , Mahadewa Tjokorda Gde Bagus , Semadi I Nyoman , Niryana I Wayan , Santosa Kadek Budi
Published: September 2022

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a condition with a higher prevalence in the elderly. A multinational survey of elderly men conducted in America, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, and England showed an association with ED in >12,000 men aged 50-80. There is an increasing prevalence of hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia in men with ED. Testosterone deficiency is the most common hormonal cause of ED and has recently been considered a global health problem associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)affects prostate volume associated with high testosterone. This study aims to determine age, lipid profile, testosterone, and PSA levels are predictors of ED incidence in BPH patients. Using analytic observational retrospective cohort design, years) with p=0.003, OR 0.2 (95% CI: 0, 07-0.58)which means that there is an increase of 0.2 times ED at age >60 years, lipid profile obtained p=0.016, OR 3.7 (CI95%: 1.22-11.45)which means an increase in cholesterol lipid profile total > 200 mg/dL/ TG > 150 mg/dL occurred 3.7 times ED, testosterone p=0.049 OR 3.5 (95% CI: 0.95-13.44) means low testosterone levels <193 pg/ml cause ED 3.5 times, and PSA p = 0.020, OR 0.3 (95% CI: 0.45-3.33) which means the level of >4 pg/mg causes ED 0.3 times.
Novel biochemical study of the impact of trace elements (zinc & magnesium) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
Authors: Yousif Amina W. , Al-Jawadi Zena A.
Published: September 2022

The study focused on the zinc and magnesium and its relationship with the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) in women. Where was it collected 61 samples of PCOS women and 45 samples as a control group. The results showed a significant decrease in zinc at (P = 0.001), in women with PCOS. The findings in this study revealed the presence of a link between high insulin levels and polycystic ovarian syndrome, the statistical results demonstrate a positive significant association between insulin and estrogen at (p=0.008), and also found a significant negative correlation between zinc and magnesium with insulin at (p=0.018) and (p=0.001), respectively, for those with the syndrome, due to the high level of insulin in their blood and the inability of zinc and magnesium to play their role in controlling the insulin and blood sugar level. Finally, the study showed that there is a new strong relationship between zinc and magnesium on PCOS and abortion.
Trace Elements in Chromite as Indicators of the Origin of the Giant Podiform Chromite Deposit at Kempirsai, Kazakhstan
Authors: Hu Wen-Jun , Zhou Mei-Fu , Yudovskaya Marina A. , Vikentyev Ilya V. , Malpas John , Zhang Peng-Fei
Published: September 2022

This study presents a complete trace element data set of chromite from the world’s largest podiform chromite deposit at Kempirsai, Kazakhstan, together with platinum group element (PGE) and Re-Os isotope compositions, to explore the potential of trace elements in the study of podiform chromite deposits.

Chromite orebodies in the Karaagash area of the Kempirsai Main ore field are hosted by dunites in the mantle sequence of the ophiolite. Dunites slightly distal to the orebodies are composed of olivine (forsterite content = 91.5–93.4) and minor euhedral chromite with variable Cr# (0.73–0.83). These dunites have primitive mantle-normalized Pt-Pd–poor PGE patterns and subchondritic 187Os/188Os ratios (0.12174–0.12220). Negative correlations between Cr# and incompatible trace elements (Sc and Ti) of the chromite are consistent with melt-rock reaction, whereas positive correlations between Cr# and compatible trace elements (V and Ga) reflect the role of fractional crystallization. It is therefore proposed that chromite in the distal dunites was crystallized from magmas after reaction with mantle peridotites. In comparison, chromite grains in the ores and adjacent dunites exhibit relatively uniform Cr# numbers (0.81–0.86) and higher 187Os/188Os values (0.12319–0.12414). Both compatible and incompatible trace elements of chromite exhibit negative correlations with Cr#, which are best explained by mixing between the modified magma after melt-rock reaction and a later injected magma from a more depleted source.

After the ore formation, subsolidus reequilibration between olivine and chromite reduced Mg# and modified divalent trace elements of chromite in the order of Zn > Co = Mn > Ni but did not affect distribution of nondivalent trace elements, except V and Fe3+. The decoupling of redox-sensitive and redox-insensitive trace elements suggests that the redox states have been modified during subsolidus reequilibration. The existing iron equilibrium between olivine and chromite records high fO2 values (quartz-fayalite-magnetite buffer [∆QFM] 0.8–2.4), whereas correction of subsolidus reequilibration results in a decrease of the fO2 values toward the QFM buffer (∆QFM 0.1–0.6), indicating that increase in fO2 was not a critical factor in the ore formation.

Principal component analysis and factor analysis were further carried out to identify differences in trace elements between high-Cr and high-Al podiform chromite deposits worldwide. High-Cr chromite deposits have variable divalent trace element compositions and show complex distributions of nondivalent trace elements. The former reflects longer and slower cooling histories of the high-Cr chromite deposits with respect to the high-Al chromite deposits, whereas the latter indicates more variable magma compositions and complex processes during the formation of the high-Cr chromite deposits.
Pavetta badullensis Ridsd. (Rubiaceae) - A Sri Lankan element and an addition to Indiafrom Western Ghats of Tamil Nadu
Authors: Gopalan R. , Murugan Chidambaram
Published: September 2022

Pavetta badullensis Ridsd. (Rubiaceae) is, a Sri Lankan element and so far, restricted to Sri Lanka, a new distributional record for India from the Southern Western Ghats of Tamil Nadu. For the easy identity and further collection in field, a short description with an illustration and other details are provided here.
Two additions to the Asteraceae (Compositae) of India
Authors: Murugan Chidambaram , Chithra V. , Murthy G.V.S.
Published: September 2022

Cyanthillium hookerianum (Arn.) H. Rob. and Vernonia pectiniformis DC. subsp. puncticulata (DC.) Grierson (Asteraceae) are reported for the flora of India from the Southern Western Ghats. Short descriptions with illustrations and other details are provided here.
Efficient conversion of night-blooming giant water lily into bioethanol and biogas
Authors: Pattranan Junluthin  , Tipsukhon Pimpimol  , Niwooti Whangchai
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to characterize and evaluate an inedible giant water lily as a bioenergy feedstock. The conversion of giant water lily organics to bioenergy can produce renewable energy. Composition study indicated that giant water lily is an excellent feedstock for bioethanol and biogas production. Fermentation effluent wastes from anaerobic digestion were transformed directly into ethanol using an alkali pretreatment. Under mild operating conditions, alkaline pretreatment with NaOH enhanced ethanol and biogas output. Anaerobic digestion of giant water lily yielded a methane content of 62.44% digestion with cow dung inoculum. The highest ever achieved was an ethanol yield of 4.82 g/L of digested effluent after only 24 hours of fermentation. The pretreated materials were then enzymatically hydrolyzed, fermented to ethanol. Furthermore, co-digestion in biogas plants may be economically advantageous for biorefineries because the by-products (digestate) are obtained within the biorefinery itself and are acceptable for external feedstocks for ethanol fermentation.
Paraffin wax deposition and its remediation methods on crude oil pipelines: A systematic review
Authors: Basem Elarbe  , Ibrahim Elganidi  , Norida Ridzuan  , Norhayati Abdullah  , Kamal Yusoh
Published: September 2022

Due to low-temperature circumstances, precipitation and paraffin wax deposition in manufacturing pipes and transportation tubes from offshore to onshore are significant challenges in the oil and gas sector. It may cause a reduction in output, a shutdown, pipeline blockage, and increased fluid viscosity. The most often used method for resolving this problem is to inject a wax inhibitor into the channel. Most current studies about paraffin wax are disseminated in literary works or exist as tacit knowledge in professional crania. This review research aims to exchange information and fulfil the deficits caused by providing a complete overview of the chemistry of paraffin wax precipitation and accumulation and causes, processes, and detection. It also discusses the overall impacts of paraffin wax deposition, how to deal with it, and several cleaning options. It also includes a conclusion and beneficial tips.
Effective microbes (EM) and their potential on mushroom commercialization in Malaysia
Authors: Norliana Munir  , Tan Chun Xiang  , Prakash Bhuyar  , Aizi Nor Mazila Ramli
Published: September 2022

The mushroom cultivation industry in Malaysia is one of the fastest growing agricultural sectors due to its high return value and low production cost. With the Malaysian government forecasting an RM300 million worth of mushroom exporting by 2020, demand for high-quality mushrooms would rise. Commercially grown mushrooms in Malaysia include Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus djamor, Pleurotus eryngii, and Schizophyllum commune. The mushroom cultivating technique is critical to achieving large yields. More mushrooms can be harvested in less time by employing Effective Microbes (EM) as a yield performance booster. However, EM is not yet commercially accessible, despite the fact that numerous potential EM exist, including dominant bacteria from mushroom production, bacteria bioinoculant, and anti-listerial agent. Furthermore, the EM activator found inside the substrate represents another yet-to-be-commercialized yield performance booster. Several possible EM activators, including as dairy wastewater, rice husk biochar, and tea compost, can be transformed from industrial waste with a steady increase in industrial waste. This paper reviewed the potential of EM in the mushroom cultivation industry. Additionally, the potential EM activator and how it enhances the mushroom yield performance is as well summarized.
Փափուկ հյուսվածքային սարկոմաները երեխաների և երիտասարդների շրջանում
Authors: Պապյան Ռ. Խ.
Published: September 2022

Փափուկ հյուսվածքային սարկոմաները չարորակ հիվանդությունների անհամասեռ խումբ են և երեխաների շրջանում կազմում են չարորակ հիվանդությունների 7%-ը միայն։ Կլինիկորեն շատ հաճախ սկզբնական փուլերում լինում են ասիմպտոմատիկ, ախտանիշները կարող են տարբեր լինել՝ կախված տեղակայումից։ Փափուկ հյուսվածքային սարկոմաների ճիշտ դասակարգումը և հիվանդության փուլավորումն առանցքային դեր ունեն բուժման կազմակերպման հարցում։ Ապրելիության ցուցանիշները ժամանակակից բուժական մոտեցումների շնորհիվ կարող են հասնել մինչև 80%:
Uji Aktivitas Sediaan Masker Gel Peel-Off Ekstrak Daun Sirsak (Annona muricata L.) Terhadap Bakteri Propionibacterium acnes
Authors: Nailer Maya , Lolok Nikeherpianti , Dewi Citra
Published: September 2022

Masker gel peel-off merupakan sediaan gel yang dapat mengandung antibakteri dari bahan alam yang digunakan untuk mengatasi atau mencegah jerawat. Salah satu manfaat daun sirsak yaitu sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasi masker gel peel-off ekstrak etanol daun sirsak dan mengetahui sifat fisik dan stabilitas ssediaan ekstrak gel peel-off, serta mengetahui aktivitas sediaan terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnes. Formulasi sediaan masker gel peel-off ekstrak daun sirsak dengan bahan gel menggunakan tiga konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daun sirsak yang terdiri dari 5%, 10%, dan 15%, serta kontrol negatif (blangko), dan Kontrol positif (medi-klin®). Evaluasi fisik formula terdiri dari uji organoleptik, uji pH, uji daya sebar, uji waktu mengering, uji homogenitas, dan cycling test. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode sumuran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun sirsak dapat diformulasikan sebagai sediaan masker gel peel-off dan sediaan dengan konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daun sirsak 5%, 10% dan 15%  memenuhi syarat kualitas sediaan gel secara organoleptik, pH, daya sebar, waktu mengering, dan homogenitas serta sediaan gel peel-off dengan konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daun sirsak 5% dan 10% memenuhi standar stabilitas sediaan gel secara organoleptik sedangkan pada konsentrasi 15% tidak memnuhi syarat stabilitas. Secara keseluruhan sediaan masker gel peel-off ekstrak etanol daun sirsak tidak memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Propionibacterium acnes.
Identifikasi Drug Related Problems (DRPs) Pada Pasien Demam Tifoid Di RSUD Kota Kendari Periode Januari-Desember 2020
Authors: Salam Nurdian , Said Asbath , Ridwan Bai Athur
Published: September 2022

Drug Related Problems (DRPs) merupakan suatu masalah yang akan terjadi berkaitan dengan terapi obat yang sedang digunakan oleh penderita. Demam Tifoid merupakan infeksi akut yang terjadi pada saluran pencernaan yang disebabkan bakteri oleh Salmonella thypi. Berdasarkan studi pendahuluan di RSUD kota kendari demam tifoid merupakan penyakit dengan tingkat kejadian terbanyak dari 10 penyakit infeksi utama yang setiap tahunnya meningkat prevalensinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kejadian Drug Related Problems (DRPs) berdasarkan kategori overdose, underdose, interaksi obat pada pasien, ada indikasi tidak ada obat, ada obat tidak ada indikasi, ketidakpatuhan pasien, reaksi obat yang tidak diharapkan,  pemilihan obat yang tidak tepat pada pasien demam tifoid di RSUD  kota kendari periode Januari – Desember 2020. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif non eksperimental obervasi dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektif pada rekam medik penderita demam tifoid yang menjalani pengobatan di RSUD Kota Kendari dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 20. Dari jumlah keseluruhan sampel yang melakukan pengobatan di RSUD kota kendari pada periode januari-desember 2020. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat DRPs yang terjadi berdasarkan kategori interaksi obat sebanyak (33,33%), DRPs ada obat tidak ada indikasi sebanyak (33,33%), DRPs reaksi obat yang tidak diharapkan sebanyak (33,33%), Sedangkan pada kategori overdose, underdose, ada indikasi tidak ada obat, ketidakpatuhan pasien, pemilihan obat yang tidak tepat tidak ditemukan adanya kasus DRPs. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya peran yang maksimal dari farmasi klinik untuk monitoring dan mengevaluasi penggunaan obat pasien agar tidak terjadinya DRPs.
Uji Aktivitas Antifungi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Katuk (Sauropus Androgynus. L) Terhadap Candida Albicans
Authors: H Japar Hasriani , Sahidin Sahidin , Zulbayu La Ode Muhammad Andi
Published: September 2022

Jamur merupakan salah satu penyebab penyakit infeksi terutama di negara-negara beriklim tropis seperti Indonesia. Candida albicans merupakan fungi oportunistik penyebab didiasis, sariawan, lesi pada kulit, vulvovaginitis, kandiduria, gastric ulcer, bahkan dapat menjadi komplikasi kanker. Jamur Candida albicans menimbulkan suatu keadaan yang disebut kandidiasis, yaitu penyakit pada selaput lender, mulut, vagina dan saluran pencernaan. Salah satu jenis tumbuhan yang banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat dan mempunyai peluang potensi untuk dikembangkan oleh para peneliti, yaitu tanaman katuk (Sauropus androgynus. L). penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui senyawa yang terkandung dalam ekstrak etanol daun katuk (Sauropus androgynus. L) serta untuk menguji aktivitas antifungi dari ektrak etanol daun katuk (Sauropus androgynus. L) terhadap pertumbuhan Candida albicans. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorium dengan perlakuan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daun katuk yakni konsentrasi 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, dan 100%. Ektrak etanol daun katuk didapatkan dari hasil maserasi dengan menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode difusi kertas cakram dan metode sumuran dengan media PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar). Hasil uji aktivitas antijamur ekstrak etanol daun katuk (Sauropus Androgynus. L) tidak menunjukan hasil atau tidak terdapat zona hambat terhadap pertumbuhan jamur Candida Albicans.
Şeker Pancarı (Beta Vulgaris) ve Yabani Akrabalarında Genom Dizileme Güncel Yaklaşımlar
Authors: DİRİM Emine , ARSLAN Mehmet , SAY Ahmet
Published: September 2022

Şeker pancarı (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris), hem gıda hem de şeker üretimi için yetiştirilen, ekonomik olarak önemli kültür bitkilerinden biridir. Yetiştiriciler, istekleri doğrultusunda bitki özelliklerini geliştirmek için ıslah çalışmaları sürdürmektedirler. Şeker pancarı ıslahı ile birlikte; verimli, şeker içeriği yüksek, dayanıklı üstün çeşitler geliştirilmektedir. Bununla birlikte, kültür pancarlarındaki düşük genetik çeşitlilik, hastalık ve zararlılara hassasiyet gibi özellikleri iyileştirmek amacıyla yabani akrabalarından yararlanılmaktadır. Yabani akrabalar belirli habitatlara adapte olduklarından, pancar yetiştirme havuzu için önemli bir genetik kaynak oluştururlar. Genom dizileme yoluyla pancarda bulunan genlerin ve alellerin sayısı, kimliği ve çeşitliliği hakkında bilgi edinmek, pancarlarda yeni özellikleri tanıtmak ve geliştirmek için önemlidir. Bitkinin yabani akrabalarında bulunan özellikler olan tolerans ve direnç özelliklerini kültür çeşitlerine aktarmak için bu özelliklerin belirlenmesi gerekir. Bu amaçla şeker pancarının genetik tabanının genişletilmesi, ekolojik açıdan önemli özelliklerin korunması açısından önemlidir. Bunun için kültür pancarı ve yabani akrabalarının genetik bilgilerinin belirlenmesi ve birbirlerine göre filogenetik sınıflandırılmaları çok önemlidir.
Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu Öğrencilerinin COVID-19 Korku Düzeylerine Etki Eden Faktörlerin İncelenmesi
Authors: ÖNTÜRK AKYÜZ Hatice , ŞAHİNOĞLU Mustafa Serhat , ALKAN Sevil , ÖZLÜ Aysun
Published: September 2022

Amaç: Çalışma, sağlık hizmetleri meslek yüksekokulunda okuyan öğrencilerin COVID-19 korku düzeyleri ve buna etki eden faktörlerin incelenmesi amacıyla yapıldı. Yöntem: Çalışma tanımlayıcı tipte gerçekleştirildi. Çalışmanın evrenini Sağlık hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulunda eğitim gören toplam 1900 öğrenci oluşturdu. Çalışmada, örneklem seçimine gidilmedi, gönüllülük esasına göre katılım gösteren toplam 866 öğrenci ile yürütüldü. Çalışma verileri 15 Ocak-15 Şubat 2022 tarihleri arasında toplandı. Veri toplama aracı olarak “Sosyo demografik Özellikler Soru Formu” ve "COVID-19 Korkusu Ölçeği’’ kullanıldı. Veri toplama araçları google forms olarak düzenlendi ve katılımcılara sosyal medya üzerinden iletildi. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde SPSS 24 paket programı kullanıldı. Analizlerde (p
Differentiated instruction: Is it in place?
Authors: Rahman Rahma Abdul
Published: September 2022

Implementing differentiated instruction is a national policy and to ensure that it is implemented in schools, external supervisors carryout supervision and evaluation of classroom instruction based on this approach. Differentiated instruction (DI) is recommended to close the academic gap among learners. This quantitative cross-sectional survey is designed to find out teacher understanding and implementation of differentiated instruction, with the aim of identifying the professional development needs of teachers in this area. The descriptive statistics and t.tests conducted showed that the teachers have a statistically significant level of understanding of all the DI components but implementation of all the components was not statistically significant. This study has shown that the training teachers receive in differentiated instruction have a positive impact on their understanding and implementation of this teaching pedagogy. To enhance differentiated instruction carried out in schools, teachers need to get the right professional development training. This study has shed light on areas for teachers’ development in understanding and implementation of differentiated instruction.
Agents for Development: The Booming Youth Population in the Maldives
Authors: Rasheed Aminath Afrah , Mohamed Mizna , Inaz Mohamed
Published: September 2022

The Maldives is in the midst of a demographic window of opportunity, with a large share of the population comprised of children and young adults. Youth account for about 40 per cent of the Maldivian population, and the dependency ratio has shown declines in the most recent national census. The country’s success in reaping the demographic dividends of this ‘youth boom’, in terms of social and economic development, is arguably reﬂected in the level of positive youth engagement in the community. However, there is a growing concern that Maldivian youth feel, and are perceived to be, socially and economically disenfranchised and idle. Based on an ongoing qualitative research study on everyday changes and everyday lives in Maldivian communities, this paper discusses the high level of youth engagement in community development and livelihood activities in a small island community. Various qualitative research methods including interviews and observations were used in the research. The signiﬁcance of factors such as parenting, role models in the community, community size, schooling, mentors, family structure and responsibilities, level of development of the island and types of economic opportunities available, which may contribute to higher levels of youth engagement, are explored.
Factors Influencing the Adoption of Social Media Marketing by Micro, Small, and Medium-sized Enterprises (MSMEs) of the Maldives and its Impact on MSME Performance
Authors: Abdul Rasheed Ahmed , Nafiz Abdulla
Published: September 2022

This paper aims to investigate factors affecting the adoption of social media marketing by Maldivian Micro, Small, and Medium-sized Enterprises (MSMEs) and their impact on MSME performance. Based on previous international research and local contextual knowledge, the study hypothesises that relative advantage, cost effectiveness, interactivity, top management support, and competitive pressure influence the adoption of social media marketing, which consequently impacts MSME performance. Hundred-and-Eight MSMEs from the Greater Malé region in the Maldives participated in the study. Pearson correlation, and simple and multiple linear regression were used for data analysis. Results indicate that all of the individual hypothesised factors have a positive significant impact on social media marketing adoption. The regression analysis model shows that relative advantage and interactivity have a significant positive impact on social media marketing adoption, whereas cost effectiveness, top management support, and competitive pressure do not have a significant positive impact on social media marketing. The study concludes that the adoption of social media marketing has a significant positive impact on MSME performance. Despite social media marketing being in its infancy among Maldivian MSMEs, this study supports the benefits of social media marketing as an ideal platform of marketing for MSMEs.
How Portrayal of Child Sexual Abuse in the News Media Increases Fear of Crime Among Guardians: The Case of Greater Malé Area, Maldives
Authors: Fahmy Mariyam , Ibrahim Fazeela
Published: September 2022

A review of the recent local news media shows that there has been a notable increase in the media reporting of child sexual abuse (CSA) in the Maldives. This increase has been particularly noticeable after the 16th of January 2020. This study addresses whether this increase in reporting has had any impact on the community. Specifically, if overexposure to CSA reports in the local news media has given rise to fear of crime. The objectives of this study are to, firstly, ascertain whether news media representation of CSA can induce a fear of crime among the public, and secondly, investigate whether news media reporting of CSA has affected the public’s trust in social institutions. This study is characterised by a qualitative methodology with a phenomenological design and guided by cultivation theory, which stipulates that heightened exposure to crime media will increase fear of crime levels among the audience. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data from 9 participants. The findings of this study indicate that participants experience heightened fear during the increased CSA reporting waves. Further, all participants expressed avoidance and protective behaviours for their dependents. It was also found that episodic framing of CSA and focus on institutional culpability along with failure to shed light on the social causes of crime such as living situation or poverty has affected the public’s trust in social institutions. Parental neglect / family was also seen as a social institution that has failed to operate effectively to guard children against CSA. Hence this study has found that, in accordance with cultivation theory, increased exposure to CSA can increase fear of crime among the public.
Relationship between Leadership Style and Job Satisfaction Among Physicians Working in Greater Male’ Hospitals
Authors: Mohamed Rihshaan , Saeed Sheema
Published: September 2022

Leadership has a significant impact on the job satisfaction of health practitioners and it plays a key role in improving health care workers’ work performance, work environment and outcomes for patients in their care. This quantitative study identifies physicians’ perceptions of their supervisors’ leadership styles and examines the relationship between supervisors’ leadership styles and job satisfaction of physicians. Two-Hundred-and-Twenty-Six doctors participated in the study. Descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analysis were conducted as part of the data analysis. The results showed that almost half of the physicians were dissatisfied with their jobs on the measures used in this study. The results also revealed that the democratic leadership style and the transformational leadership style had a significant positive impact on the job satisfaction of physicians, whereas the autocratic leadership style, laissez-faire leadership style, and the transactional leadership style had a significant negative impact on the job satisfaction of physicians. This study contributes to the existing literature on the impact of different leadership styles on the job satisfaction of physicians, enabling healthcare supervisors and managers to self-identify areas to work on to improve their leadership and to set targets to effectively lead their teams, which eventually improves achievement of organizational objectives.
AN INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH TO RUTA SEPETYS’ I MUST BETRAY YOU VIA LACAN
Authors:   Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, MIHAILESCU Clementina Alexandra
Published: September 2022

The XXth century, known among others as a “culture of controversial ideologies,” was a time of accelerated technology and engineering feats, for stimulating the quick recovery of post-war industries in western countries, on the one hand and, of implementing the communist ideology in eastern countries, on the other. For approaching Ruta Sepetys’ novel “I Must Betray You,” where the writer is travelling back to the period of time previous to the 1989 Revolution in Romania, Lacan’s theory based on tackling the three registers of reality: the imaginary, approached in terms of the “spectacular,” the symbolic, referred to in terms of the meanings attached to those things around us, and the real, which paradoxically represents “precisely what is excluded from our reality, the margin of what is without meaning and which we fail to situate or explore” (60) will be employed as a methodological device to decode its intricate meaning. Bohn’s quantum theory will be also employed to enrich the previously mentioned interpretative grid, due to his approach to reality built of levels, “each level being comprised between two levels of reality” (qtd. in Sandu 2011: 164, our translation). Bohn’s highlighting the duality that exists “between the apparent multiplicity and the plenitude of the world” and the concept of “wrapped up order” (in Sandu 2011: 165, our translation) and Patapievici’s opinion that “the substance of the world being identical in every part of it and at any formal level, the differences appear through the degree of the wrapping and unfolding of the plenitude” (in Sandu 2011: 165, our translation) have been addressed in our article together with Bohn’s argument that the implicit order is meaningful only in relation to conscience, having “an ontological substation” (165).
PENGARUH PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN PEMERINTAH KOTA LANGSA
Authors: Azhar Iqlima
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh pendapatan asli daerah terhadap kinerja keuangan Pemerintah Kota Langsa. Penelitian dilakukan di Badan Pengelolaan Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah (BPKD) Kota Langsayaitu laporan keuangan pemerintah daerah Kota Langsa tahun 2011 sampai dengan tahun 2020. menunjukkan bahwa variable pendapatan asli daerah (PAD)  mempunyai nilai signifikan sebesar 0,168 yang berarti diatas  0,05 (tsig > 0,05), sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa variabel pendapatan asli daerah tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan pemerintah daerah.
Modern Digital-Analog Jamming Transmitter
Authors: Sheet Amer F.
Published: September 2022

Abstract- Principle analysis results provide construction new digital-analog jammers from the point of view minimizing out-of-band undesirable electromagnetic radiation. Reviewed methods of compensating for nonlinear distortions, which are suitable for use in power amplifiers of jammers, based on linearization methods of the characteristics of powerful amplifying devices. The substantiation of a new compensation method for eliminating undesirable combination components in the spectrum of jamming transmitters with quadrature modulation (the method of depletion of the input signal spectrum).
Covid-19 Pandemisinin Kamu ve Katılım Bankalarının Sukuk (Kira Sertifikaları) İhraçları Üzerindeki Etkisi
Authors: ÖNER Dr. Muhammed Hadin
Published: September 2022

COVİD-19 pandemisi tüm dünyada finansal ve ekonomik hayatı olumsuz bir şekilde etkilemiştir. COVİD-19 salgın sürecinde kamu (T.C. Hazine ve Maliye Bakanlığı) ve katılım bankaları tarafından ihraç edilen sukuk (kira sertifikaları) üzerinde pandeminin etkisinin ne düzeyde olduğu bu çalışmada araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca çalışmada Gayri Safi Yurtiçi Hasıla (Gdp), faiz oranı, enflasyon ve döviz kurunun sukuk üzerindeki etkisi analiz edilmiştir. Bu amaca yönelik 2015/01-2021/12 dönemlerine ait aylık veriler kullanılarak panel veri analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. İlgili veriler Türkiye Katılım Bankaları Birliği (TKBB), Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TUİK) ve Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası (TCMB)’nden temin edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre sukuk ihraçlarının pandemi döneminde güvenli bir liman olma özelliği gösterdiği ve bu dönemde olumsuz etkilenmediği görülmüştür. Bunun yanında gdp, faiz oranı ve döviz kurunun sukuk gelişimini olumlu yönde; enflasyonun ise sukuk gelişimini olumsuz yönde etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Secang wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) nanoemulgel activity as antiaging through suppressing the MMP-1 expression and the collagen degradation
Authors: Laksmiani Ni Putu Linda , Leliqia Ni Putu Eka , Paramita Ni Luh Putu Vidya , Arijana I Gusti Kamasan Nyoman , Wijayanti Ni Putu Ayu Dewi , Adiwibawa Putu Ivan , Putra I Made Harimbawa , Pratama I Putu Ari Anggara Catur
Published: September 2022

Context: Aging is closely related to reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS increases the collagenase enzyme (MMP-1) levels and collagen degradation that causes skin wrinkling. Secang wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) containing brazilin and brazilein has been shown to have photoprotective and antioxidant properties. Aims: To evaluate the activity of C. sappan nanoemulgel as antiaging agent against the target protein, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), especially MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-9 by in silico assay and using in vivo assay through MMP-1 and collagen expression parameter. Methods: C. sappan nanoemulgel was made by mixing the gel base with C. sappan nanoemulsion from heartwood extract. The C. sappan nanoemulsion was formulated using the Self Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System method. In vivo testing was conducted with a post-test-only control group design and used male Wistar rats. MMP-1 expression was examined using immunohistochemical techniques, and the amount of dermal collagen was observed with Picro Sirius Red staining. In silico assay using a computational method with Autodock 4.2 program. Results: C. sappan nanoemulgel concentrations of 0.0625, 0.125, and 0.25% obstruct the expression of MMP-1 and collagen degradation. The bond energy value to MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-9 were -8.04, -10.40, and -8.70 kcal/mol (for brazilin); -8.82; -10.99, and -8.51 kcal/mol (for brazilein). Conclusions: Nanoemulgel containing C. sappan nanoemulsion has a potential activity as an antiaging agent by repressing MMP-1 expression and dermal collagen degradation. C. sappan nanoemulgel 0.25% showed the best result as antiaging. Brazilin and brazilein from C. sappan inhibit the MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-9 by in silico assay.
Análisis crítico al origen del fraude empresarial. Efectos y tratamiento jurídico – Perú
Authors: Tantalean Tapia Iván Orlando
Published: September 2022

El uso fraudulento de la empresa, como persona jurídica, se produce cuando los representantes legales utilizan a la sociedad para efectos de realizar actos ilícitos en nombre de ella, como pueden ser el “Fraude en la administración de personas jurídicas” tipificado en los artículos 198, 198A y 199 del Código Penal Peruano (Tantalean, 2021). Sin embargo, el ordenamiento penal es ambiguo; basta citar, el artículo 27° del respectivo Código: “El que actúa como órgano de representación autorizado de una persona jurídica o como socio representante autorizado de una sociedad y realiza el tipo legal de un delito es responsable como autor, aunque los elementos especiales que fundamentan la penalidad de este tipo no concurran en él, pero sí en la representada” (CPP, 2016). Sanciona la autoría de la persona natural en tanto representante de la persona jurídica, pero la persona jurídica como tal no es sancionada. Por otra parte, la búsqueda de la rentabilidad, por quienes constituyen las personas jurídicas, o sea los socios, se enfrentan a un mercado altamente competitivo, se ven obligados a recorrer los caminos oscuros de soborno y cohecho, para obtener posiciones privilegiadas en los mercados. Ya Aristóteles nos decía que la acumulación de dinero deshumaniza al hombre. Pero la condición gregaria del hombre siempre será hacia el máximo beneficio, por eso Milton Friedman (1912-2006) decía que la finalidad de toda empresa es obtener ganancias. El presente artículo analizaremos la variable factor económico y su influencia en la gestión de personas jurídicas como una de las principales causas que motiva al empresario a inclinarse por el fraude en la empresa, es su constante búsqueda por incrementar sus ganancias.
MODALITES, BENEFICES ET RISQUES D'UNE INITIATION IMMEDIATE DES MOYENS DE CONTRACEPTION
Authors: DE JAEGHER S , RAGINEL T , RABIAZA A , HUET AL , BANSARD M , LE BAS F , HUMBERT X
Published: September 2022

Contexte. Les méthodes contraceptives modernes ont prouvé leur efficacité dans le cadre d’une utilisation optimale et bien définie. Depuis une quinzaine d’années, leur initiation immédiate est de plus en plus proposée. Ce mode d’initiation consiste à débuter une contraception sans attendre l’apparition des règles en étant « raisonnablement certain » que la femme n’est pas enceinte et en associant une méthode barrière les sept premiers jours. Objectif. L’objectif de notre étude était de décrire les moyens contraceptifs pouvant être initiés ainsi et d’évaluer la balance bénéfice-risque de ce mode d’initiation. Méthodes. Revue narrative de la littérature à partir des bases de données Medline® et Cochrane Library®, des recommandations des sociétés savantes, des articles associés et de la littérature grise. Résultats. D’abord proposée à une population adolescente pour la contraception orale, l’initiation immédiate s’est ensuite étendue à une population plus large et à d’autres moyens contraceptifs. La grande acceptabilité de ce mode d’initiation permettrait d’améliorer l’observance initiale. Une diminution du nombre de grossesses non désirées est évoquée. Concernant les grossesses survenant accidentellement sous contraceptions hormonales orales et sous-cutanées, les données sont rassurantes sur l’évolution des grossesses et le risque de tératogénicité. Ce n’est pas le cas pour les dispositifs intra-utérins au cuivre (DIU-Cu) ou les systèmes intra-utérins (SIU) au lévonorgestrel, ce qui limite leurs indications. Indépendamment du type de contraception, le risque de grossesse ectopique n’était pas majoré et la tolérance semblait similaire à la méthode d’initiation classique. Conclusion. Une initiation immédiate semblait pouvoir améliorer l’efficacité contraceptive. De nouvelles études pourraient préciser cette amélioration, ainsi que celle de l’observance à long terme. Il restait nécessaire de prendre toutes les précautions pour garantir une bonne compréhension de cette méthode par la femme.
LE JOURNAL DE BORD : UN OUTIL DE FORMATION DES FUTURS MEDECINS GENERALISTES DANS UNE APPROCHE PAR COMPETENCES
Authors: COMPAGNON L , ADELINE-DUFLOT F , NEAGOE M , HICHEUR BE , FABRE J , RENARD V
Published: September 2022

La médecine générale (MG) est une discipline avec des contenus spécifiques de formation, de recherche et de pratique clinique. Elle se caractérise par son contexte de soins premiers et des fondements scientifiques internationalement reconnus. Une liste des familles de situations prévalentes et le référentiel des compétences ont été publiés et fondent les choix de formation. Le portfolio est un des outils adéquats décrits dans la littérature pour évaluer le niveau de compétence. Il contient différents travaux d’écriture et les réflexions critiques à propos de situations cliniques rencontrées, formalisant l’apprentissage qui en a été retiré1...
ROLE DU MEDECIN GENERALISTE DANS LE REPERAGE DES AUTEURS DE VIOLENCES EXERCEES PAR UN PARTENAIRE INTIME
Authors: BOUKANDOURA L , MIRABEL A , JANCZEWSKI A , KHOUANI J
Published: September 2022

Introduction. En France, 219 000 femmes par an sont victimes de violences physiques et/ou sexuelles commises par leur actuel ou ancien partenaire intime (VPI). Le milieu médical est en première ligne pour repérer et aider les victimes de VPI. Il existe en revanche peu de données sur le rôle des médecins généralistes (MG) quant aux auteurs de ces violences. L’objectif de cette étude était d’explorer la perception des MG de leur rôle dans le repérage des auteurs de VPI. Méthode. Étude qualitative par théorisation ancrée. Recueil de données par focus group et entretiens individuels semi-directifs de février à juin 2020 auprès de MG dans des départements ciblés. Le recrutement aléatoire a été effectué par contact téléphonique via l’Annuaire santé. Les données recueillies par enregistrement audio ont été retranscrites mot à mot, puis analysées en triangulation jusqu’à suffisance des données. Résultats. La potentielle souffrance ressentie des auteurs de VPI constituait une première opportunité d’implication du médecin, variable selon sa perception de son exercice, uniquement légitime en cas de demande de soins de l’auteur de VPI ou bien repérage plus large, au nom de la santé publique. Si un repérage était à mettre en place, les enquêtés le percevaient comme nécessairement prudent, car à risque de transgresser l’équilibre de la relation de soins. Le statut du médecin traitant (MT) était ambivalent : facilitant le repérage par la confiance préalablement établie, mais rendant d’autant plus complexe une éventuelle prise en charge si la victime avait le même MT que l’auteur. Il existait un sentiment de besoin d’efficacité du repérage devant déboucher sur des solutions concrètes. Conclusion. Ce travail mettait en évidence la volonté d’implication des MG interrogés dans un repérage des auteurs de VPI dont les modalités restent à définir pour qu’il soit efficace.
PROFESSIONNELS DE SANTE EN GROUPE D'EXERCICE COORDONNE, COLOCATAIRES OU COLLABORATEURS ? ANALYSE QUALITATIVE AU SEIN DE CINQ GROUPES D'EXERCICE COORODNNES BRETONS
Authors: DERRIENNIC J , LE GOFF D , BARAIS M , LE RESTE JY
Published: September 2022

Contexte. L’organisation des soins premiers se modifie pour améliorer le parcours de soins du patient et répondre à des demandes de soins de plus en plus complexes. La multiplicité des soins et des services dont les patients multimorbides ont besoin implique une expertise multiple et une coordination interprofessionnelle que l’exercice coordonné pourrait plus facilement offrir. Malgré l’essor de ces regroupements, la motivation des professionnels à s’y installer et la description de ce qui s’y déroulait étaient encore méconnues. Objectif. Explorer les facteurs influençant l’installation en regroupement pluriprofessionnel, la collaboration et sa pérennisation dans le temps. Méthode. Cinq études qualitatives comportant des entretiens semi-dirigés et entretiens de groupes de professionnels de santé exerçant en maisons de santé pluriprofessionnelles ont été analysées selon une approche ouverte et inductive. Les dynamiques et formes de travail ont été comparées et synthétisées. Les résultats ont été présentés au travers une carte heuristique. Résultats. Cinquante-sept professionnels de santé ont été interrogés, au cours des 57 entretiens individuels et des 5 entretiens de groupes, représentant 11 professions. L’analyse des 62 verbatims a permis de mettre en évidence trois grands thèmes liés chronologiquement : la genèse du regroupement pluriprofessionnel (leviers et freins à l’installation), la construction de la collaboration et son évolution (renforcement de la collaboration ou virage vers une colocation). Les professionnels de santé ont éclairé la dynamique de la collaboration. Ils ont décrit leurs peurs et leurs motivations à l’installation, les éléments influençant le passage de la colocation à la collaboration, jusqu’à sa pérennisation dans le temps. Conclusion. Les différents leviers mis en évidence devront être anticipés, enseignés afin d’accompagner l’essor du développement des regroupements sur le territoire et mener au travail collaboratif en soins premiers plus généralisé.