bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Scale Control in Geothermal Wells—What Are the Options for Effective and Economic Scale Management?
Authors: Jarrahian Khosro , Mackay Eric , Singleton Michael , Mohammadi Shabnam , Heath Stephen Mark , Pessu Frederick
Published: February 2025

The drive towards net zero by 2050 has led to the development of alternative energy sources, with a focus on geothermal energy projects. Geothermal brines often contain dissolved minerals and gases that cause scale deposition in wells and plant equipment, leading to decreased efficiency in thermal energy production and reduced flow capacity in injection wells. Geothermal plant conditions and brine chemistry of each geothermal plant vary greatly, making the selection of a suitable scale management process crucial for sustainable energy production. Prevention through chemical inhibition or removal is preferred over costly mechanical methods, though nonchemical alternatives are attractive for reducing the CO2 footprint.

Chemical treatment options include continuous topside injection, scale squeeze, or batch treatment in injection/production wells. High temperatures and water throughput in geothermal wells challenge chemical scale control and removal. Selected inhibitors/dissolvers must be thermally stable up to 250°C, preferably biodegradable, and effective against calcium carbonate and silica/silicate scales. Geothermal brines contain dissolved CO2 and H2S, making fluids corrosive. Therefore, the interaction between scale and corrosion inhibitors must be considered in any management strategy, possibly requiring modified laboratory test methods, especially for plants with water reinjection.

This paper will review geothermal scale and its mechanisms of formation and management options, including chemical and nonchemical treatments. It also discusses the impact of well completion, high water production, corrosion, CO2 footprint, and the challenges of chemical treatments regarding thermal stability and laboratory testing.
WITHDRAWN: Zinc deficiency triggers ribosome remodeling to reverse biofilm azole resistance in Candida albicans
Authors: Wang Yingzhe , Ye Shigan , Deng Yuan , Huang Yingting , Zhu Xiaoliang
Published: February 2025

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors due to author disagreement with the posting of the preprint. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
One-step drug transport across two membranes of Gram-negative bacteria by an MFS tripartite assembly
Authors: Luisi Ben , Du Dijun , Chao Yanjie , Zhong Zhaojun , Maimaiti Tuerxunjiang , Jackson Matthew , Dong Rui , Gao Xueyan , Guo Jinliang , Li Shangrong , Shang Wenyu , Liu Huajun , Jiang Hongnian , Zhang Shuo , Zhao Huimin , Ouyang Qing
Published: February 2025

Transport of proteins and small molecules across cellular membrane is crucial for bacterial interaction with the environment and survival against antibiotics. In Gram-negative bacteria that possess two layers of membranes, specialized macromolecular machines are required to transport substrates across the envelope, often via an indirect stepwise procedure. The major facilitator superfamily (MFS)-type tripartite efflux pumps and type I secretion systems likely employ a direct one-step transport approach, but the structural mechanisms remain elusive. A representative MFS-type tripartite efflux pump, EmrAB-TolC, mediates resistance to multiple antimicrobial drugs through proton-coupled EmrB, a member of the DHA2 transporter family. Here, we report the high-resolution (3.13 Å) structure of the EmrAB-TolC pump, revealing a unique, asymmetric architecture emerging from the assembly of TolC:EmrA:EmrB with a ratio of 3:6:1. This structure reveals two critical subdomains AssA and AssB that are essential for the pump assembly. Key residues involved in drug recognition, proton translocation and coupling are identified and corroborated by mutagenesis and antibiotic sensitivity assays. The delineation of the complete translocation pathway unravels the one-step drug transport mechanism of the MFS pump across the entire envelope of Gram-negative bacteria.
Quick Access to 2,2’-Bipyridines from Halopyridines and Pyridines Using Transition Metals: A Short Review
Authors: Kumar N Sai , Adhikary Anubendu
Published: February 2025

Over the past decades, 2,2’-bipyridines and their derivatives have significantly contributed
to the field of advanced materials, synthesis, and catalysis. In particular, the structural ability of bipyridines
to accommodate numerous types of functional groups with varying electronic and steric
properties resulted in their diverse applications. In this regard, developing novel and cost-effective
preparative methodologies for 2,2’-bipyridines having various substituents has always been a popular
area of research. Starting from pyridine derivatives, the simplest route to these molecules includes
homo-, hetero-, and cross-coupling reactions. This review concentrated on transition metal-mediated
one-step procedures for 2,2’-bipyridines from inexpensive and abundant starting materials, specifically,
pyridines and 2-halopyridines. Although this report focuses on self-coupling techniques, convenient
hetero-coupling methods are included. Special attention is given to the substrate scope details of
the existing methodologies.
Detrimental Impacts of High-Fat Diet on Colorectal Cancer Development: An Update on Molecular Mechanisms
Authors: Ponnusamy Bhuvaneswari , Rajagopal Ponnulakhmi , Sirasanagandla Srinivasa Rao , Ker Woon Choy , Veeraraghavan Vishnu Priya , Jayaraman Selvaraj
Published: February 2025

Lifestyle modifications lead to a number of pathological conditions of which colorectal
cancer (CRC) has a greater consideration as the number of cases is constantly increasing. As the
lifestyle changes, there is a tremendous change in the food habits of people worldwide. Consumption
of fatty foods in excess amounts is a growing trend among people. This shift towards a high--
fat diet (HFD) tends to increase the pathological burden on society. Recent investigations have reported
the association of HFD consumption with CRC; it is very surprising that HFD can promote
carcinogenesis, of which CRC is one of its kind. It has become evident that one modifiable risk
factor of CRC is the diet we consume. Although fats are an important macromolecule in the normal
functioning of the body, it is necessary to be aware of which type of fats we consume in a
greater proportion. Consumption of saturated fats and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in a higher
proportion with a lower proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids
can result in pathological conditions. In this review, we highlight the possible mechanistic pathways
and biomarkers underlying HFD-induced CRC. HFD increases the fatty acid levels in the circulation
and deposition of fat in various parts, which can result in a chronic inflammatory condition
that gradually leads to cancer formation. Thus, it is essential to create awareness among society
about the growing incidence of CRC and its association with HFD.
Bioinformatics Analysis of Key Genes Associated with Resistance to the Combination of Bevacizumab and Pemetrexed Chemotherapy in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Hu Chenling , Xu Shenjie , Chen Siwen , Sun Qian , Pan Xudong
Published: February 2025

Objective:

This study aimed to identify key genes linked to resistance to a combination
treatment regimen of bevacizumab and pemetrexed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
through bioinformatics analysis and analysis of their associated pathways.

Methods:

Expression data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (GSE154286)
were analyzed. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between tissues sensitive and resistant
to combined bevacizumab and pemetrexed treatment in NSCLC were identified. Gene
Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment was investigated,
and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, as well as transcription factor (TFs)-
DEGs-miRNA networks, were created using the STRING tool. Key genes were identified with
the help of the MCODE plugin. Additionally, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was utilized
to identify pathways linked to the key genes. A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical
data from 80 NSCLC patients. Patients were categorized into drug-resistant and non-resistant
groups based on RECIST1.1 criteria. The expression of the key gene TNFSF4 was analyzed
using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).

Results:

In the GSE154286 dataset, 35 downregulated DEGs were discovered. KEGG pathway
enrichment analysis revealed that these DEGs were primarily associated with immunity and
inflammation-related pathways. The PPI network construction highlighted a significant module
and led to the identification of 8 candidate genes: TNFRSF18, TNFSF4, LGALS9, FAS, LAG3,
CD86, CD80, and FOXP3. The TFs-DEGs-miRNA network analysis pinpointed TNFSF4 as a
key gene, potentially regulated by 7 transcription factors and interacting with 9 miRNAs. GSEA
analysis suggested that TNFSF4 may influence NSCLC’s pathological processes through involvement
in pathways involved in chemokine, JAK/STAT, NOD-like receptor, T cell receptor,
toll-like receptor, and PPAR signaling. qRT-PCR detection displayed significantly lower expression
of TNFSF4 in the peripheral blood of the patients in the resistant group relative to the
non-resistant group (p < 0.0001). Logistic regression analysis showed that low TNFSF4 levels
were independently linked to a raised risk of resistance to bevacizumab combined with
pemetrexed therapy in lung adenocarcinoma patients.

Conclusion:

The identification of key genes, such as TNFSF4, and resistance-related signaling
pathways through bioinformatics analysis offers valuable insights into potential mechanisms of
chemotherapy resistance in NSCLC when treated with the combination of bevacizumab and
pemetrexed. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for advancing clinical research on
diagnosis and treatment.
Prediction of the Prognosis and Treatment Responses Based on the Characteristics of Disulfidptosis-Related Genes in Patients with
Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Endocervical Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Kang Min , Jiang Sha , Chen Huihui , Xu Youhua , Mo Hui
Published: February 2025

Background:

Disulfidptosis is a new type of regulatory cell death (RCD), but the pathophysiological
functions and mechanisms of DRGs in CESC remain to be examined.

Aims:

This study explored the mutation status of disulfidptosis-related genes (DRGs) in cervical
squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC).

Objective:

After analyzing the mutation profiles of DRGs in CESC, this study established a prognostic
model for CESC and also explored the differences in immune infiltration (accumulation of
immune system cells in tissues or organs), related enriched pathways, and drug sensitivity between
high-risk and low-risk CESC groups.

Methods:

The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were accessed
to source related data. The mutation profiles of DRGs in CESC were analyzed using Mutect2
software, and disulfidptosis scores were calculated by ssGSEA. WGCNA was performed to
identify modular genes, which were further filtered and used to formulate a risk model by applying
the survival and glmnet packages. Low- and high-risk groups of CESC patients were classified
using the survminer package. GSEA was performed to conduct pathway analysis, and immune infiltration
was assessed using the MCPcounter package, ESTIMATE, and TIMER algorithms. Finally,
immunotherapy response and drug sensitivity were analyzed using the TIDE method and
the pRRophetic package, respectively.

Results:

Except for NDUFA11, ARL6IP5, EPM2AIP1, GBE1, RBM38, ULK4, and ZBTB47 were
found to be the DRGs significantly mutated in CESC. The six genes were integrated to develop a
RiskScore model with a relatively high Area Under the Curve (AUC) value. Significant differences
between the two risk groups were determined, indicating that the model was highly reliable.
Notably, the low-risk group was enriched in energy metabolism-correlated pathways, while the
high-risk group was primarily enriched in immune-correlated pathways. The high-risk group
showed higher immune cell activity, higher TIDE score, and more B cells than the low-risk group.
Drug sensitivity study revealed that the high-risk group was more sensitive to chemotherapy
drugs.

Conclusion:

This study provides novel insights into CESC prognosis, immunotherapy, and drug
development, contributing to the clinical treatment for CESC.
Exploring the Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant Properties, and Anticancer Mechanism of Clerodendrum viscosum Vent.: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Hossain M. Matakabbir , Roy Nitai , Islam Farhadul
Published: February 2025

Clerodendrum viscosum (C. viscosum), hill glory bower, locally known as bhant, has a
rich ethno-medicinal history across tropical and subtropical regions. It has been widely studied for
its diverse bioactive phytochemicals and their potential in cancer therapy. This review consolidates
current research on C. viscosum, encompassing its phytochemical composition, antioxidant
properties, and anticancer mechanisms documented globally. We comprehensively searched various
scholarly databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. The
plant exhibits a range of secondary metabolites, including phenolics, phenylpropanoids,
flavonoids, tannins, quercetin, saponins, alkaloids, terpenoids, and steroids. These compounds demonstrate
antioxidant properties by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). Notably, gallic
acid, tannic acid, ellagic acid, and quercetin contribute to antioxidant efficacy. Several phytochemicals,
such as flavonoids and phenolic compounds, show anticancer activities by inhibiting cancer
cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, and causing cell cycle arrest. For example, apigenin and
acacetin, identified from C. viscosum, exhibited remarkable anticancer effects, including ROS generation,
apoptosis initiation, and G2/M-phase cell cycle arrest. Also, extracts from different parts
of the plant demonstrated selective cytotoxicity against various cancer cells, emphasizing their potential
as natural anticancer agents. Therefore, this study could provide summative information regarding
the pharmacological and therapeutic potential of C. viscosum as a natural source of various
active chemicals. However, further research is warranted to explore the therapeutic applications
of these plant-derived compounds in cancer treatment.
Cutaneous Atrophy Following Corticosteroid Injections for Tendonitis: Report of Two Cases
Authors: Colwell Rebecca , Gullickson Mitchell , Cutlan Jonathan , Stratman Erik
Published: February 2025

Cutaneous atrophy resulting from corticosteroid injections for musculoskeletal indications is an underrecognized adverse effect among orthopedists and dermatologists. We present two cases of cutaneous atrophy following corticosteroid injections for wrist tendonitis. Patients presenting with cutaneous atrophy following orthopedic corticosteroid injections may be misdiagnosed with linear morphea, atrophoderma, or vascular disorders and receive unnecessary workups and delays in appropriate management. Dermatologists play an essential role in the evaluation of these patients.
Effectiveness of an Internet-Based, Self-Guided, Short-Term Mindfulness Training (ISSMT) Program for Relieving Depressive Symptoms in the Adult Population in China: Single-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Zhu Tingfei , Zhang Liuyi , Weng Wenqi , Gan Ruochen , Sun Limin , Wei Yanping , Zhu Yueping , Yu Hongyan , Xue Jiang , Chen Shulin
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

Depression is a significant global public health issue, and in China, access to mental health services remains limited despite high demand. Research has shown that mindfulness can effectively alleviate depressive symptoms and that telehealth solutions offer a promising avenue for addressing this service gap. Despite this potential, there are currently few studies in China focusing on short-term online mindfulness training. Most existing online mindfulness studies relied on traditional 8-week programs, which can be challenging for participant adherence due to limited accessibility and high dropout rates. Additionally, limited research exists on short-term online mindfulness interventions, and findings remain inconsistent.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to develop and evaluate an internet-based, self-guided, short-term mindfulness training (ISSMT) program based on the Monitor and Acceptance Theory (MAT) to reduce depression symptoms.

METHODS

The ISSMT program was delivered via an online platform, “Hi Emotion,” and was accessible to the general public. Interested individuals aged 18 years and older were randomized into either the ISSMT group or a wait-list control group. Participants in the ISSMT group received daily reminders to participate in a 15- to 20-minute session over a 14-day training period. Measurements, including mindfulness and depressive symptoms, were collected at baseline and weekly for the subsequent 3 weeks.

RESULTS

A total of 205 adults participated in the 14-day online intervention. Linear mixed models were used to analyze both per-protocol (PP) and intention-to-treat (ITT) samples. Compared with the wait-list control group, participants in the ISSMT group showed significant improvements in mindfulness (Cohen d=0.44 for ITT; Cohen d=0.55 for PP) and reductions in depressive symptoms (Cohen d=0.50 for ITT; Cohen d=0.53 for PP). Furthermore, participants expressed high acceptance of this training format with a relatively low dropout rate (<40%).

CONCLUSIONS

The ISSMT program based on the MAT effectively enhanced mindfulness and alleviated depressive symptoms. This intervention could be considered for integration into psychosocial service systems to improve mental health outcomes and help bridge the gap between limited resources and the high demand for services in China. Future research should focus on personalizing these programs and incorporating advanced technologies to enhance their effectiveness and user engagement.

CLINICALTRIAL

Open Science Framework; https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/8P4V6
Inspiring Future Organ Donors: A Literature Review of Positive Messaging and Developing the Case for Mighty Organs (Preprint)
Authors: Ahmed Wasim , Hardey Mariann , Randhawa Gurch , Yates Luke , Siddiqui Zaha Kamran , Makita Meiko , Fagbola Temitayo Matthew , Vidal-Alaball Josep
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

Organ donation is a life-saving intervention, yet the demand for organs far exceeds availability. While traditional awareness campaigns have attempted to address this gap, their reliance on fear-based messaging may limit effectiveness, particularly among younger audiences. Positive messaging strategies remain underexplored, especially in paediatric health education, despite their potential to foster long-term pro-donation attitudes.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate the role of positive messaging in organ donation education. It examines how optimistic and empowering narratives influence attitudes toward organ donation, focusing on pediatric audiences. The research also assesses the effectiveness of The Orgamites Mighty Education Programme in promoting organ donation awareness.

METHODS

A literature review was conducted using predefined search strategies across multiple academic databases. The review focused on studies published between 2000 and 2025, analyzing different types of positive messaging and their impact on organ donation attitudes and behaviours. Inclusion criteria required studies to be peer-reviewed, focused on positive messaging, and written in English.

RESULTS

The findings indicate that positive, gain-framed messages are more effective than fear-based or loss-framed messaging in influencing attitudes toward organ donation. The study highlights the potential of narrative-driven, child-friendly campaigns like The Orgamites Mighty Education Programme to engage young audiences, foster open discussions, and reduce misconceptions. The concept of "Mighty Organs" reframes organ donation in a hopeful and empowering manner, making it more relatable and engaging.

CONCLUSIONS

Positive messaging can transform organ donation education by shifting the focus from fear to empowerment. Programmes like The Orgamites Mighty Education Programme provide a promising model for fostering long-term pro-donation attitudes among children and adolescents. Future research should assess the long-term impact of such interventions on donor registration rates and explore strategies for integrating them into educational curricula and community outreach initiatives.
Simulation Based on High Switching Frequency H-Bridge 5-Level Multilevel Inverter Using Level Shifted In Phase Disposition (IPD) Modulation
Authors: Patel Satish D.
Published: February 2025

Analytical solutions of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) strategies for multilevel Cascaded H-Bridge inverters are
presented. These solutions show that the Phase Disposition (PD) PWM strategy for Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel inverters are
presented, When the carrier frequencies are adjusted to achieve the same number of total switch transitions for each inverter
over one fundamental cycle. From this understanding, a method is proposed to apply the harmonically superior Phase
Disposition (PD) PWM strategy for NPC inverters to Cascaded inverters, to achieve improved harmonic performance for the
modulation of cascade inverters. Both theoretical and simulated results are compared and in this paper are archived result on a
Simulation Based on High Swishing frequency H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter Using phase shifted Modulation using Matlab
software.
Deepfake Detection Based on Visual Lip-sync Match and Blink Rate
Authors: El-Taj Homam , Alammari Fatima , Alkhowaiter Joud , Bogari Layal , Essa Renad
Published: February 2025

Deepfake technology has emerged as a significant challenge to the authenticity of digital media, necessitating innovative detection methods. This paper introduces TrueSync, an advanced application for detecting deepfake videos by integrating two critical detection features: lip-sync analysis and blink rate monitoring. Leveraging a hybrid approach combining CNN-LSTM and SyncNet models, TrueSync processes visual and temporal features to identify anomalies in lip movement synchronization and eye blinking patterns. The application utilizes a modular pipeline to analyse these features independently and then fuses the results for a comprehensive detection score. This approach enhances detection accuracy and provides users with reliable tools to combat sophisticated manipulations. By proposing this scalable solution, TrueSync addresses the increasing difficulty in distinguishing authentic videos from manipulated content, fostering trust in digital media.
Impact of BRCA Genes Mutation on Gynecological Disorders: Beyond Oncological Risk
Authors: Max Lourdes Judith Medeiros , Barros Eveline Rodrigues da Silva , Mascarenhas Luiz Eduardo Moura , Noleto Gabriel Guimarães , Costa Marília Mendes Confort , Biato Mariana de Freitas Teixeira , Costa Washington Lucas Alves da , Pereira Taiana de Andrade
Published: February 2025

Objectives: This systematic review aims to assess the impact of mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes on gynecological disorders beyond oncological risk, focusing on fertility and reproductive health.
 
Theoretical Framework: While mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are widely recognized for their association with an increased risk of breast and ovarian cancer, recent studies suggest that these mutations also play a crucial role in ovarian reserve, menopausal age, and endocrine function.
 
Method: The research followed PRISMA guidelines and included publications from 2010 to 2024 retrieved from PubMed. Six studies were selected, demonstrating the direct link between BRCA1 mutations and reduced ovarian reserve and premature ovarian aging.
 
Results and Discussion: The findings indicate that BRCA1 mutations are associated with reduced ovarian reserve and premature ovarian aging, factors that may compromise fertility. These results highlight the need for proactive strategies such as reproductive monitoring and fertility preservation for women carrying these mutations.
 
Implications of the Research: This review expands the understanding of the impacts of BRCA mutations on gynecological disorders, suggesting that women with these mutations should undergo comprehensive follow-up, not only for cancer prevention but also for reproductive care.
 
Originality/Value: This study provides significant contributions to gynecological practice, emphasizing the importance of an integrated approach that considers both oncological risks and reproductive needs for women with BRCA mutations.
Situation of Employment Creation for Disabled Workers in Vietnam After the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Thu Hang Nguyen Thi , Anh Thinh Cao , Thi Tuyet Do
Published: February 2025

Objective: The general objective of this study is to assess the current situation of employment for disabled workers in Vietnam. To achieve this objective, the following specific objectives have been set: clarifying the theoretical and legal basis of disabled workers and employment of disabled workers; assessing the activities that Vietnam has done to solve employment for disabled workers.
 
Theoretical Framework: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights of the United Nations General Assembly (1948): “Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of employment, to just and favourable conditions of work and to protection against unemployment”. People with disabilities are no exception. In 2019, Vietnam joined Convention 159 of the International Labor Organization - ILO. This is an important step in solving employment for people with disabilities, strongly affirming Vietnam's commitment to ensuring and creating favorable conditions for workers with disabilities to avoid discrimination.
 
Method: The method applied for this study includes analyzing the management and implementation of employment solutions, by synthesizing and processing data on the employment situation for disabled workers in Vietnam to draw conclusions on this issue.
 
Results and Discussion: The results show that after being severely affected by the Covid 19 pandemic, many workers have lost their jobs or have had difficulty maintaining their jobs. For workers with disabilities, this difficulty is even more profound. Currently, Vietnam has about 6.2 million people with disabilities and the problem of creating jobs for workers with disabilities not only improves the lives of people with disabilities but also helps reduce the burden on the state budget in subsidizing and supporting people with disabilities.
 
Research Implications: The theoretical and practical significance of this study will be discussed, providing insights into solving the employment problem in general and employment for disabled workers in particular in Vietnam. While implementing policies, 100% of disabled workers are eligible for social security policies, but long-term solutions for disabled workers have not been widely implemented. Training and job creation models for disabled workers have not been effective and replicated. Synchronizing solutions will create an environment for sustainable and long-term employment for disabled workers in Vietnam.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature on employment for disabled workers in Vietnam. The synchronous implementation of policies and incentives for the private sector will help to solve this problem in a long-term and sustainable manner.
First aid: issues of preparedness and training of the population in cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Authors: Stanishevsky A. L.
Published: February 2025

One of the reasons for the low survival rate of victims with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is the low readiness of bystanders to provide first aid (cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and the use of an automatic external defibrillator (AED).

The purpose of the study: to study the degree of readiness of the population for CPR, its determining factors and determine ways to improve the provision of first aid to victims with OHCA.

Materials and methods. In January — June 2023, an anonymous survey of workers in the fuel and energy complex of the Republic of Belarus was conducted using the developed questionnaire «Readiness to provide first aid». The study involved 894 respondents without medical education. Nonparametric statistics methods were used to analyze the results.

Results. 10.7% of respondents defined their readiness to perform CPR as extremely low; 12.2% — as low; 38.6% — as average; 22.3% — above average; 16.2% — as high. Significant predictors of high readiness of respondents to perform CPR (p <0.001) were: male gender, previous training in CPR skills and participation in performing CPR on a victim in real conditions. The main barriers to performing CPR were fear of causing irreparable harm to the injured person and lack of knowledge and skills in CPR. Conclusion. Reducing mortality in OHCA requires maximum involvement of the population in the process of first aid by means of broad information, formation of proper motivation and emotional-volitional readiness, and increasing the coverage of practical training in first aid skills.
Selection of cervicalgia›s analgesia management in the prehospital stage in everyday ambulance operations and possible emergency situations
Authors: Tarakanov A. V. , Tarakanov A. A. , Los E. G. , Yakushev I. D. , Khatisova E. V. , Lisina O. A. , Skorodumova E. G.
Published: February 2025

Purpose of the study: to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of ketoprofen, ketorolac, sodium metamizole (combination with pithophenone and fenpiverinium bromide) and percutaneous neurostimulation method for the choice of optimal analgesia of nonspecific cervicalgia in the conditions of daily ambulance work and possible emergency situations.

Materials and methods of the study: in 160 patients in conditions of real work of emergency medical aid in 7 cities of the Russian Federation were used: 1 gr. — Ketoprofen («Ketonal») (100 mg), intramuscularly (n=31); 2 gr. — ketorolac tromethamine («Ketorol») (30 mg), intramuscularly (n=25); 3 gr. — Metamizole sodium 500 mg, pitofenone 2 mg, fenpiverinium bromide 20 mcg («Baralgin») in 1 ml, 5 ml intramuscularly (n=22); 4 gr. — percutaneous neurostimulation (CHENS-SCENAR-02) (n=82).

Results of the study: cervicalgia was accompanied by complaints of headache (86%), «noise» in the head (33%), dizziness (25%), less frequently by complaints of paresthesias in the hands, cardialgia, nausea, agitation or lethargy in antalgic posture. Reliable analgesic efficacy with evaluation on visual analogue scale is realized by 10 minutes by 20–25% decrease of pain; by 40 minutes by 70%; reduction of cranialgia to 20–40% of the initial one is noted. A slight decrease in BP, HR and HR was registered; ketorolac and SCENAR-therapy were the most effective in these parameters. There were no significant side effects in any group.

Conclusion. Ketoprofen and ketorolac are the most effective in the conditions of daily activities of the emergency department and possible emergencies, and percutaneous neurostimulation is also possible in conditions of drug deprivation and/or contraindications to pharmacotherapy.
Exploring Pre-Service Teachers’ Negative Memories of Physical Education
Authors: Saiz-González Pablo , Iglesias Damián , Coto-Lousas Jose , Fernandez-Rio Javier
Published: February 2025

Physical education (PE) has been a compulsory subject in schools in most countries of the world for decades. However, there is an ongoing debate surrounding its nature and pedagogical approaches. This study aimed to explore the negative feelings of prospective teachers’ PE recalled experiences. A total of 783 prospective teachers enrolled in an education degree at two different Spanish universities participated. These young subjects were targeted for three reasons: 1) they have vivid PE memories, 2) they have more pedagogical knowledge than the average person, and 3) they were not PE specialists. Those who reported an overall negative experience were selected: 41 students (35 females and 6 males, M=21.7 years). Open-ended questions explained the reasons for their experiences. Four thematic clusters were identified: (1) students' physical capabilities, (2) teacher's in-class work, (3) content, and (4) classroom environment. The results suggest the need to implement pedagogical actions that help to counteract the emergence of negative feelings and thoughts. The use of more democratic and reflective pedagogical approaches could help to avoid negative experiences and enhance meaningful ones and, if this happens in prospective teachers who will teach different subjects, it will help to change the stereotypes about PE and promote greater cohesion.
Resumen
La educación física (EF) ha sido una asignatura obligatoria en las escuelas de la mayoría de los países del mundo durante décadas. Sin embargo, existe un debate continuo sobre su naturaleza y enfoques pedagógicos. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo explorar las experiencias negativas en EF. Participaron un total de 783 futuros maestros matriculados en una carrera de educación en dos universidades españolas diferentes. Estos jóvenes fueron seleccionados por tres razones: 1) tienen recuerdos vívidos de la EF, 2) poseen más conocimientos pedagógicos que la persona promedio, y 3) no eran especialistas en EF. Se seleccionaron aquellos que reportaron una experiencia general negativa: 41 estudiantes (35 mujeres y 6 hombres, M=21.7 años). Se utilizaron preguntas abiertas para explicar las razones de sus experiencias. Se identificaron cuatro clústeres temáticos: (1) capacidades físicas, (2) trabajo del maestro en clase, (3) contenido y (4) ambiente en el aula. Los resultados sugieren la necesidad de implementar acciones pedagógicas que contrarresten la aparición de sentimientos y pensamientos negativos. El uso de enfoques pedagógicos más democráticos y reflexivos podría ayudar a evitar experiencias negativas y a potenciar las significativas, y si esto ocurre en los futuros maestros que enseñarán otras asignaturas, ayudará a cambiar positivamente los estereotipos sobre la EF y a promover una mayor cohesión.
Efeitos do laser terapêutico de baixa potência (LLLT) e alta potência (HILT) para melhora da dor e da função de pacientes com osteoartrite de joelho
Authors: Moreira Stéfani Mariano Inocêncio , Fernandes Ilha Gonçalves
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Identificar a eficácia do laser de alta potência (HILT) e laser de baixa potência (LLLT) no alívio da dor e na melhora da função de indivíduos com osteoartrite (OA)de joelho a partir dos estudos clínicos mais recentes sobre a temática. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa descritiva com abordagem qualitativa utilizando os bancos de dados do PubMed, SciELO e PEDro. Resultados: As buscas nas bases citadas retornaram um total de 54 artigos; um artigo encontrado se tratava de uma revisão sistemática, e o mesmo foi detalhado a 07 estudos, totalizando 61 estudos. Foi realizada uma exclusão criteriosa, e foram incluídos nesta revisão 10 ensaios clínicos, sendo 6 ensaios sobre LLLT e 4 sobre HILT. Considerações finais: Esta revisão destaca a eficácia do LLLT infravermelho e do HILT no tratamento da osteoartrite de joelho. Ambos os métodos mostram benefícios na dor e função, que são ampliados quando combinados com terapias complementares, como o exercício físico.
Ankyrin repeat domain 1 is dysregulated in keloids and suppresses keloid fibroblast growth, migration, and extracellular matrix deposition
Authors: Wu Weiqi , Si Yuan , Yang Juan , Wen Liuyan , Li Jingrong
Published: February 2025

Objective

The etiology and specific pathological mechanisms of keloids remain elusive. Array expression profiling has revealed dysregulation of the transcription cofactor ankyrin repeat domain 1 (ANKRD1) in keloid fibroblasts. The present study focused on examining the expression pattern of ANKRD1 in keloids and assessing its function in human keloid fibroblasts (HKFs).

Material and Methods

Differential mRNA expression profiles in keloid fibroblasts were investigated by analyzing data from gene expression omnibus (GEO) datasets. Immunohistochemistry assays were performed to verify the expression patterns of ANKRD1 and claudin 11 (CLDN11) in keloid tissue samples. Functional studies were conducted by transfecting HKFs with either a small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting ANKRD1 (siANKRD1) or ANKRD1-overexpressing plasmids. The functional impact of ANKRD1 was assessed using cell proliferation, flow cytometry, and Transwell migration assays. mRNA expression was evaluated using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and protein expression was determined using Western blotting.

Results

Analysis of the GEO series (GSE) GSE44270 revealed eight differentially expressed mRNAs, with ANKRD1 and CLDN11 being the top two downregulated mRNAs. ANKRD1 expression was observed to be lower in keloid tissues than in normal skin tissues, whereas CLDN11 expression showed no significant difference between the two groups. ANKRD1 overexpression suppressed HKF proliferation, migration, and the expression levels of collagen I, fibronectin, matrix metallopeptidase 9, whereas the opposite effects were observed on ANKRD1 knockdown. ANKRD1 did not affect apoptotic cell levels.

Conclusion

ANKRD1 is downregulated in keloids and inhibits the growth, migration, and extracellular matrix deposition of keloid fibroblasts. Thus, ANKRD1 may function as a suppressor in keloid formation.
Betrayed Expectations
Authors: Emerick Barrett , Yap Audrey
Published: February 2025

This paper explores a phenomenon that we will call “justified-but-misdirected anger”, in which one’s anger is grounded in or born from a genuine wrong or injustice, but is directed towards an inappropriate target. In particular, we argue that oppressive ideologies that maintain systems of gender, race, and class encourage such misdirection and are thereby self-perpetuating. We engage with two particular examples of such misdirection. The first includes poor white voters who embrace racist and xenophobic politics; they are justified in being angry about their own economic exploitation, but that anger is misdirected in a way that maintains capitalism (which is the appropriate target of their anger). The second includes so-called “incels” who embrace misogyny; they are justified in being angry about unrealistic and unhealthy standards of contemporary masculinity, but that anger is misdirected in a way that maintains patriarchy. One goal of exploring this type of justified-but-misdirected anger is to contribute to an anti-carceral feminism that helps to thread the needle between holding wrongdoers to account while also clearly identifying the oppressive ideologies that influence their actions.
Unlocking Indonesian primary students’ attitudes toward STEM education and interests in STEM-related careers using latent profile analysis
Authors: Manalu Marison Sudianto , Chang Chun-Yen
Published: February 2025

This study explores the attitudes of Indonesian primary students toward science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education and their interest in STEM-related careers. We conducted a survey using the students’ attitudes toward STEM (S-STEM) instrument, collecting data from 166 fourth and fifth-grade students (93 females and 73 males) in North Sumatra and West Java provinces, Indonesia. By employing latent profile analysis (LPA), we categorized student interest in STEM into three distinct groups: high, moderate, and low interest. Surprisingly, our findings indicate no significant differences in interest based on grade, gender, school location, or school type. The insights gained from LPA highlight the importance of customized educational strategies to promote effective STEM engagement in Indonesia. This research underscores the role of attitudinal profiling in enhancing STEM education implementation and nurturing future STEM careers.
In-service mathematics teachers’ perceptions of GeoGebra integrative training materials: The case of geometry teaching
Authors: Marange Israel Yeukai , Tatira Benjamin
Published: February 2025

The further education and training phase curriculum and assessment policy statement of South Africa expects mathematics teachers to integrate educational technologies into their teaching. However, the importance of technology integration and adoption has not been fully implemented in schools. In-service mathematics teachers’ perceptions of GeoGebra integrative training materials and their impact on the artefacts of teachers’ professional development were explored in this study. The study adopted two adult learning theories, namely andragogy and transformational learning. These theories were integrated into Ahmed et al.’s (2021) in-service training framework. A mixed-methods methodology was employed by purposively sampling 29 mathematics secondary teachers from twelve randomly selected schools in the OR Tambo Inland District of Eastern Cape Province in South Africa. Data were collected by using a questionnaire with four open-ended and seven closed-ended questions. The questionnaire was administered at the end of professional teacher development training for mathematics teachers. The researchers used descriptive, inferential statistics and thematic approaches to analyze and interpret the results. The findings revealed that in-service mathematics teachers highly rated the GeoGebra integrative training materials. The participants positively felt that the training materials ushered interest in teaching geometry with confidence. They felt highly motivated and showed interest in disseminating information to other colleagues. The study also revealed improved in-service teachers’ professional skills. These skills included improved technological, pedagogical, communication, collaboration and content skills.
Journalistic Ethical Practices Across Borders: Framing Analysis and Ethical Reflection on China Daily's Coverage of the MU5735 Air Crash
Authors: Tian Leiya
Published: February 2025

Air crash reporting is one of the types of disaster news, which should follow the ethical guidelines of journalism. Under the theoretical perspective of Zang Guoren's three levels of news frame analysis, China Daily's news about the MU5735 air disaster presents the unique frame of China's mainstream foreign propaganda media in reporting China's sudden disaster events with various thematic frames and effective textual applications. Using frame analysis and case study analysis as research methods, the study explores the characteristics and ethical performance of China Daily's frames of reporting on the MU5735 air disaster. The study finds that China Daily's coverage of the disaster demonstrated the media's distinctive value stance and basically adhered to the ethical principles of journalism in disaster reporting, while at the same time there was a lack of constructive discourse.
Just Athens and Jerusalem? What about Banaras? Heroes, Nomads, and Bhaktas at the Cross-cultural Roads
Authors: Ellis Thomas B
Published: February 2025

Contemporary Continental philosophy employs “ethnotropes” in its ethical critique of transcendental phenomenology. Ulysses, the Greek Hero, stands in for Edmund Husserl’s transcendental ego. Abraham, the Jewish Nomad, stands in for Jacque Derrida’s and Emanuel Levinas’s deconstructive subject. Ethical concerns arise when the transcendental ego is posited as the ground for all experience. The transcendental ego intends its world. The fulfillment of intention constitutes the metaphysics of presence. According to Derrida and Levinas, the other is reduced in the transcendental ego’s experience. The other becomes transparent to phenomenological intention. Transparency elides the space between self and other necessary for ethics. Husserl’s transcendental ego is in this way like the Greek Hero Ulysses who conquers all others, returning to Athens unaffected by an encounter with true alterity. Derrida and Levinas employ the Jewish Nomad to offset the violence of the Greek Hero. Unlike Ulysses, for whom all others are merely moments on a centripetal, not to mention violent and heroic, return to the homeland, Abraham never reaches the other, a point constitutive of return. This is the case because Abraham is always awaiting the arrival of the other. Abraham waits for the Messiah to come. Accordingly, Abraham is the ethnotrope for the deconstructive subject for whom the messianic establishes a permanent structure of absence. The messianic is intended as an ethical critique of the heroic. The deconstructive project falls short of its ethical intention. This is the case because the messianic remains tied to the metaphysics of presence. The other is still to come to presence. To complete the critique, a third ethnotrope is available, the Hindu Bhakta. According to the Hindu tradition of viraha bhakti, or love-in-separation, the Other (i.e., Krishna) is withdrawing from the presence of the Bhakta. This establishes the negative messianic. The ethical critique of Husserl’s transcendental phenomenology finds its full voice in Hinduism’s negative messianic. Not only is the other not present, the other isn’t even coming. Banaras’s Hindu Bhakta affords an ethnotropic resource with which to complete the ethical critique of Athens’s Greek Hero begun, yet left incomplete, by Jerusalem’s Jewish Nomad.
Keywords: Phenomenology; deconstruction; Hinduism; ethnotropes
AUXILIARY VOWELS IN WORD MEDIAL CONS ONANT CLUSTE R S IN THE HISTORY OF M ALTESE
Authors:   University of Bucharest, Department of English, Avram Andrei A.
Published: February 2025

Borg (1978) notes that 15th and 16th-century transcriptions of Maltese place names display the auxiliary vowels [a] or [i] inserted into word-medial consonant clusters. According to Borg (1978) the quality of the auxiliary vowel is phonologically conditioned: it is [a] in a back environment, but [i] elsewhere. On this analysis the auxiliary vowels [a] and [i] exhibit complementary distribution. The examination of records of Maltese, however, yields a more complex picture. Auxiliary vowels continue to occur relatively frequently in the 17th-century, as evidenced by archival records of the Roman Inquisition (Cassar 2005), Thezan’s (by 1647) dictionary, the place names in Abela (1647), and Skippon’s (1732) word list collected in 1664. On the strength of the evidence provided by 17th-century records, it is shown that: (i) Maltese resorted to three auxiliary vowels – [a], [ɪ] and [o]; (ii) phonological conditioning is less strict than hitherto assumed, with [ɪɪ] occasionally occurring in a back environment as well; (iii) left-to-right vowel copying also plays a role in determining the quality of the auxiliary vowel, whereby an /o/ preceding a back consonant determines the selection of [o]. Also, it is shown that the findings are compatible with the hypothesis of a direct link between Sicilian Arabic and Maltese.
AN OVERVIEW OF GENERATIVE THIRD LANGUAGE ACQUISITION RESEARCH
Authors: Sólyom Csilla Ibolya
Published: February 2025

The goal of this paper is to provide a short state of the art review of third language (L3)
acquisition research from a generative point of view . I present som e of the most important theoretical models of morphosyntactic transfer along with the results of exemplar studies that test them. R esearch in this field of study is most interested in tracing transfer, identifying its source(s) first language ( L1 and/or second language ( L2 and determining its nature facilitative or non facilitative in the process of a ttaining proficiency in L3 see Rothman et al. 2019). Experimental results indicate that both previously acquired languages (L1 and L2) can be transfer red in a facilitative and non facilitative manner , approving or contradicting some of the proposed models of transfer. I conclude that there is a need for more research, testing the models across different language combinations and thus providing answers t o the questions raised by th e field.