bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Low-Pressure Steam Generation with Concentrating Solar Energy and Different Heat Upgrade Technologies: Potential in the European Industry
Authors: Payá Jorge , Cazorla-Marín Antonio , Arpagaus Cordin , Corrales Ciganda José Luis , Hassan Abdelrahman H.
Published: February 2024

The industry is currently responsible for around 21% of the total CO2 emissions, mainly due to heat production with fossil fuel burners. There are already different technologies on the market that can potentially reduce CO2 emissions. Nevertheless, the first step for their introduction is to analyze their potential on a global scale by detecting in which countries each of them is more attractive, given their energy prices and resources. The present work involves a techno-economic analysis of different alternatives to replace industrial gas boilers for low-pressure steam production at 120 °C and 150 °C. Solar Heat for Industrial Processes (SHIP) was compared with Electric Boilers (EBs), High-Temperature Heat Pumps (HTHPs), and Absorption Heat Transformers (AHTs). SHIP systems have the potential to reach payback periods in the range of 4 to 5 years in countries with Direct Normal Irradiance (DNI) values above 1400 kWh/m2/year, which is reached in Spain, Italy, Greece, Portugal, and Romania. HTHPs and AHTs lead to the lowest payback periods, Levelized Cost of Heat (LCOH), and highest CO2 emission savings. For both AHTs and HTHPs, payback periods of below 1.5 years can be reached, particularly in countries with electricity-to-gas price ratios below 2.0.
Forest Canopy Height Retrieval and Analysis Using Random Forest Model with Multi-Source Remote Sensing Integration
Authors: Zhu Weidong , Li Yaqin , Luan Kuifeng , Qiu Zhenge , He Naiying , Zhu Xiaolong , Zou Ziya
Published: February 2024

Forest canopy height is an important indicator of the forest ecosystem, and an accurate assessment of forest canopy height on a large scale is of great significance for forest resource quantification and carbon sequestration. The retrieval of canopy height based on remote sensing provides a possibility for studying forest ecosystems. This study proposes a new method for estimating forest canopy height based on remote sensing. In this method, the GEDI satellite and ICESat-2 satellite, which are different types of space-borne lidar products, are used to cooperate with the Landsat 9 image and SRTM terrain data, respectively. Two forest canopy height-retrieval models based on multi-source remote sensing integration are obtained using a random forest regression (RFR) algorithm. The study, conducted at a forest site in the northeastern United States, synthesized various remote sensing data sets to produce a robust canopy height model. First, we extracted relative canopy height products, multispectral features, and topographic data from GEDI, ICESat-2, Landsat 9, and SRTM images, respectively. The importance of each variable was assessed, and the random forest algorithm was used to analyze each variable statistically. Then, the random forest regression algorithm was used to combine these variables and construct the forest canopy height model. Validation with airborne laser scanning (ALS) data shows that the GEDI and ICESat-2 models using a single data source achieve better accuracy than the Landsat 9 model. Notably, the combination of GEDI, Landsat 9, and SRTM data (R = 0.92, MAE = 1.91 m, RMSE = 2.78 m, and rRMSE = 12.64%) and a combination of ICESat-2, Landsat 9, and SRTM data (R = 0.89, MAE = 1.84 m, RMSE = 2.54 m, and rRMSE = 10.75%). Compared with the least accurate Landsat 9 model, R increased by 29.58%, 93.48%, MAE by 44.64%, 46.20%, RMSE by 42.80%, 49.40%, and the rRMSE was increased by 42.86% and 49.32%, respectively. These results fully evaluate and discuss the practical performance and benefits of multi-source data retrieval of forest canopy height by combining space-borne lidar data with Landsat 9 data, which is of great significance for understanding forest structure and dynamics. The study provides a reliable methodology for estimating forest canopy height and valuable insights into forest resource management and its contribution to global climate change.
Assessing the Impact of Different Population Density Scenarios on Two-Wheeler Accident Characteristics at Intersections
Authors: Wang Ziwei , Hu Lin , Wang Fang , Lin Miao , Wu Ning
Published: February 2024

Examining 1192 intersection car and two-wheeled vehicle collision accidents from the China In-Depth Accident Study (CIDAS) database, this study employs population density heat maps for precise assessment of surrounding population densities at accident sites. The K-Medoid clustering algorithm and silhouette coefficient were used to classify accidents into two distinct groups based on population density. Subsequent application of the random parameter logit model revealed key contributing factors to these accidents in varying population densities. The results show notable differences in factors such as collision direction of two-wheeled vehicles, types of accident conflict, road conditions, and traffic flow, depending on the population density. Based on these conclusions, the research can inform differentiated risk prediction for two-wheeled vehicle accidents at intersections and provide insights for intersection design in various population density scenarios.
Storage Location Assignment for Improving Human–Robot Collaborative Order-Picking Efficiency in Robotic Mobile Fulfillment Systems
Authors: Chen Yue , Li Yisong
Published: February 2024

The robotic mobile fulfillment (RMF) system is a parts-to-picker warehousing system and a sustainable technology used in human–robot collaborative order picking. Storage location assignment (SLA) tactically benefits order-picking efficiency. Most studies focus on the retrieval efficiency of robots to solve SLA problems. To further consider the crucial role played by human pickers in RMF systems, especially in the context that the sustainable performance of human workers should be paid attention to in human–robot collaboration, we solve the SLA problem by aiming to improve human–robot collaborative order-picking efficiency. This study specifically makes decisions on assigning multiple items of various products to the slots of pods in the RMF system, in which human behavioral factors are taken into account. To obtain the solution in one mathematical model, we propose the heuristic algorithm under a two-stage optimization method. The results show that assigning correlated products to pods improves the retrieval efficiency of robots compared to class-based assignment. We also find that assigning items of each product to slots of pods, considering behavioral factors, benefits the operation efficiency of human pickers compared to random assignment. Improving human–robot collaborative order-picking efficiency and increasing the capacity usage of pods benefits sustainable warehousing management.
Two-Dimensional Quaternion Fourier Transform Method in Probability Modeling
Authors: Nurwahidah Nurwahidah , Bahri Mawardi , Rahim Amran
Published: February 2024

The Fourier transform plays a crucial role in statistics, applied mathematics, and engineering sciences. In this study, we give a definition of the two-dimensional quaternion Fourier transform, which is an extension of the two-dimensional Fourier transform. We present a new convolution theorem including this transformation. We study the characteristic function in the setting of quaternion algebra and obtain the essential properties. Based on this, we seek the expected value, variance, covariance, and their basic relations to the two-dimensional quaternion Fourier transform. We illustrate the results by giving examples to see how the obtained results differ from the classical case.
A Non-Convex Fractional-Order Differential Equation for Medical Image Restoration
Authors: Li Chenwei , Zhao Donghong
Published: February 2024

We propose a new non-convex fractional-order Weber multiplicative denoising variational generalized function, which leads to a new fractional-order differential equation, and prove the existence of a unique solution to this equation. Furthermore, the model is solved using the partial differential equation (PDE) method and the alternating direction multiplier method (ADMM) to verify the theoretical results. The proposed model is tested on some symmetric and asymmetric medical computerized tomography (CT) images, and the experimental results show that the combination of the fractional-order differential equation and the Weber function has better performance in medical image restoration than the traditional model.
Two-Pomeron Interaction
Authors: Arancibia Luis Cancino , Contreras Carlos
Published: February 2024

We study the interaction of two discrete pomeron fields while considering mass mixing and the general structure of the interaction potential for pomerons within the framework for a functional renormalization group analysis of Reggeon field theory. We find fixed points from the zeros of the beta function establishing the existence of three groups of solutions: the first corresponds to two uncoupled pomerons, the second is a solution known as a “pomeron–odderon” interaction, and the final is a real general solution with an interaction potential. We also study its universal properties around this fixed point. This analysis allows for a discussion for the first time on the mixing of two pomerons through renormalization flow paths from the ultraviolet to the non-perturbative infrared regions. Finally, we comment on its role in high-energy scattering.
Oral Fluids for the Early Detection of Classical Swine Fever in Commercial Level Pig Pens
Authors: Robert Erin , Goonewardene Kalhari , El Kanoa Ian , Hochman Orie , Nfon Charles , Ambagala Aruna
Published: February 2024

The early detection of classical swine fever (CSF) remains a key challenge, especially when outbreaks are caused by moderate and low-virulent CSF virus (CSFV) strains. Oral fluid is a reliable and cost-effective sample type that is regularly surveilled for endemic diseases in commercial pig herds in North America. Here, we explored the possibility of utilizing oral fluids for the early detection of CSFV incursions in commercial-size pig pens using two independent experiments. In the first experiment, a seeder pig infected with the moderately-virulent CSFV Pinillos strain was used, and in the second experiment, a seeder pig infected with the highly-virulent CSFV Koslov strain was used. Pen-based oral fluid samples were collected daily and individual samples (whole blood, swabs) every other day. All samples were tested by a CSFV-specific real-time RT-PCR assay. CSFV genomic material was detected in oral fluids on the seventh and fourth day post-introduction of the seeder pig into the pen, in the first and second experiments, respectively. In both experiments, oral fluids tested positive before the contact pigs developed viremia, and with no apparent sick pigs in the pen. These results indicate that pen-based oral fluids are a reliable and convenient sample type for the early detection of CSF, and therefore, can be used to supplement the ongoing CSF surveillance activities in North America.
Correction: Teng et al. Efficacy Assessment of Phage Therapy in Treating Staphylococcus aureus-Induced Mastitis in Mice. Viruses 2022, 14, 620
Authors: Teng Fei , Xiong Xiaoyu , Zhang Songsong , Li Guiwei , Wang Ruichong , Zhang Lanlan , Wang Xiaona , Zhou Han , Li Jiaxuan , Li Yijing , Jiang Yanping , Cui Wen , Tang Lijie , Wang Li , Qiao Xinyuan
Published: February 2024

In the original publication [...]
Development of a Model to Evaluate Water Conservation Function for Various Tree Species
Authors: Kojima Toshiharu , Shimono Ryoma , Ota Takahiro , Hashimoto Hiroshi , Hasegawa Yasuhiro
Published: February 2024

The ecosystem services of forests, such as the water conservation function, are the combined results of diverse processes, and the modification of one part of a forest affects each ecosystem service separately via complex processes. It is necessary to develop an ecosystem service assessment model for various tree species to ensure proper forest management. In this study, a model to evaluate three ecosystem services, namely, the water supply, wood supply, and carbon sink, for various tree species in Japan is developed using many observation data from the previous literature. The integrated evaluation model consists of the forest model, hydrological model, and carbon stock assessment model. The forest model consists of the forest growth model and LAI estimation model, based on allometry. The results of the simulations for the major tree species yield the following findings: (1) Water supply varies with tree species but decreases until about 40 years of age, after which it is near constant. (2) Although beech has a larger LAI than needleleaf forests, water supply is not significantly different. (3) Broadleaf forests are more affected by thinning than needleleaf forests and tend to receive increased water supply as a result of processes such as thinning. This study enabled the evaluation of water conservation function in watersheds containing various tree species.
A Generalization of the Drainage Capacity in Data-Scarce Urban Areas: An Improved Equivalent Infiltration Method
Authors: Liu Junbing , Zheng Maohui , Gao Jinwei , Wang Xinshu , Zhang Hu , Jiang Simin
Published: February 2024

This article addresses the challenge of simulating rainstorm waterlogging in urban-scale areas where reliable drainage pipe network data are often lacking. Although methods have been developed to tackle this issue, there remains a gap in their effectiveness. We present a novel approach, the modified equivalent infiltration (MEI) method, by building upon the foundation of the Equivalent Infiltration (EI) method. This study focuses on the outer ring area of Shanghai, utilizing data from the “In-Fa” typhoon period for simulation and comparison. Our findings reveal that the MEI method, requiring the same data inputs as the EI method, surpasses its predecessor in both principle and simulation results. Additionally, the MEI method demonstrates robustness in handling rainstorm waterlogging scenarios.
Application of Artificial Intelligence in Hydraulic Engineering
Authors: Ma Chunhui , Cheng Lin , Yang Jie
Published: February 2024

Water conservancy projects have always been essential throughout the development of human society, including the development and utilization of water resources, the construction and management of water conservancy facilities and flood prevention and control [...]
Artificial Neural Network for Forecasting Reference Evapotranspiration in Semi-Arid Bioclimatic Regions
Authors: Skhiri Ahmed , Ferhi Ali , Bousselmi Anis , Khlifi Slaheddine , Mattar Mohamed A.
Published: February 2024

A correct determination of irrigation water requirements necessitates an adequate estimation of reference evapotranspiration (ETo). In this study, monthly ETo is estimated using artificial neural network (ANN) models. Eleven combinations of long-term average monthly climatic data of air temperature (min and max), wind speed (WS), relative humidity (RH), and solar radiation (SR) recorded at nine different weather stations in Tunisia are used as inputs to the ANN models to calculate ETo given by the FAO-56 PM (Penman–Monteith) equation. This research study proposes to: (i) compare the FAO-24 BC, Riou, and Turc equations with the universal PM equation for estimating ETo; (ii) compare the PM method with the ANN technique; (iii) determine the meteorological parameters with the greatest impact on ETo prediction; and (iv) determine how accurate the ANN technique is in estimating ETo using data from nearby weather stations and compare it to the PM method. Four statistical criteria were used to evaluate the model’s predictive quality: the determination coefficient (R2), the index of agreement (d), the root mean square error (RMSE), and the mean absolute error (MAE). It is quite evident that the Blaney–Criddle, Riou, and Turc equations underestimate or overestimate the ETo values when compared to the PM method. Values of ETo underestimation ranged from 1.9% to 66.1%, while values of overestimation varied from 0.9% to 25.0%. The comparisons revealed that the ANN technique could be adeptly utilized to model ETo using the available meteorological data. Generally, the ANN technique performs better on the estimates of ETo than the conventional equations studied. Among the meteorological parameters considered, maximum temperature was identified as the most significant climatic parameter in ETo modeling, reaching values of R and d of 0.936 and 0.983, respectively. The research showed that trained ANNs could be used to yield ETo estimates using new data from nearby stations not included in the training process, reaching high average values of R and d values of 0.992 and 0.997, respectively. Very low values of MAE (0.233 mm day−1) and RMSE (0.326 mm day−1) were also obtained.
Stability Analysis of a Rocky Slope with a Weak Interbedded Layer under Rainfall Infiltration Conditions
Authors: Zhuang Yizhou , Hu Xiaoyao , He Wenbin , Shen Danyi , Zhu Yijun
Published: February 2024

Landslides not only cause great economic and human life losses but also seriously affect the safe operation of infrastructure such as highways. Rainfall is an important condition for inducing landslides, especially when a fault and weak interlayer exist on the slope, which can easily transform into a landslide and cause instability under the action of rainfall. To explore the effects of a soft interlayer, a fault, and extreme rainfall on slope stability, this paper takes the landslide on the right side of the G104 Jinglan Line in Shengzhou City, Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, China, as an example. The cause, failure mechanism, and characteristics of the landslide are analyzed through field investigation and borehole exploration in the landslide area. The slope is simulated by numerical analysis, and the stability of the landslide under natural conditions and extreme rainstorm conditions is calculated using the strength reduction method. The stability of the slope before and after treatment is compared, and the effectiveness of the treatment measures is verified by combining the field monitoring data. At the same time, the complex geological structure and rainfall are considered to have been the main factors leading to the G104 landslide. Near the fault, the weak interlayer of the landslide was easily disturbed, the deformation trend of the deep displacement was consistent with rainfall, and the axial force of the anti-slide piles at the weak interlayer was correspondingly large. For a wedge rock slope, “excavation unloading” and “prestressed anchor + prestressed anchor cable + anti-slide pile” are effective treatments. This paper reveals the effects of a weak interlayer, a fault, and strong rainfall on a rocky high slope, providing predictions of instability modes and time evolution patterns for similar complex geological slopes under rainfall infiltration conditions and providing references for their treatment measures.
Design of a Seawater Desalination System with Two-Stage Humidification and Dehumidification Desalination Driven by Wind and Solar Energy
Authors: Huang Kaijie , Qiu Chengjun , Xie Wenbin , Qu Wei , Zhuang Yuan , Chen Kaixuan , Yan Jiaqi , Huang Gao , Zhang Chao , Hao Jianfeng
Published: February 2024

The paper presents a wind–photovoltaic-thermal hybrid-driven two-stage humidification and dehumidification desalination system for remote island regions lacking access to electricity and freshwater resources. By conducting an analysis of the wind and solar energy resources at the experimental site, a suitable wind power station and photovoltaic power station are constructed. The performance of the wind–solar complementary power generation system is then evaluated based on factors such as output power, seawater desalination load power, battery compensation output, system energy consumption, and water production costs. A variable step gradient disturbance method based on the power–duty ratio is proposed for tracking the maximum power point (MPPT) of wind power generation. The output power of the photovoltaic power generation system is optimized, employing a fuzzy logic control (FLC) method to track the MPPT of photovoltaic power generation. This approach effectively addresses the issues of slow speed and low accuracy encountered by traditional MPPT algorithms in tracking the maximum power point (MPP) of both photovoltaic and wind power generations. In order to ensure that the desalination system can operate stably under different weather conditions, eight working modes are designed, and a programmable logic controller (PLC) is used to control the system, which provides a guarantee for stable water production. Experimental results demonstrate that the system exhibits stable performance, achieving a maximum water output of 80.63 Kg/h and daily water yield is 751.32 Kg, the cost of desalination equipment is 1.4892 USD/t.
Pathogen Detection and Identification in Wastewater
Authors: Jiang Guangming , Honda Ryo , Arora Sudipti
Published: February 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has renewed research needs for the detection and monitoring of various pathogens in urban wastewater systems including sewerage systems and wastewater treatment or recycling plants [...]
Metabolic Rates of Rainbow Trout Eggs in Reconstructed Salmonid Egg Pockets
Authors: Benetti Rudy , Politi Tobia , Bartoli Marco , Nika Nerijus
Published: February 2024

In situ evaluations of the metabolic rates (i.e., respiration and excretion) of salmonid eggs are mostly indirect, focusing on the sampling of hyporheic water from wild or artificial nests. Comparatively, experimental studies carried out under controlled, laboratory conditions are less abundant due to methodological difficulties. This study presents a novel experimental setup aimed to address this issue and enable the measurement of oxygen and dissolved inorganic nitrogen fluxes in simulated rainbow trout (O. mykiss) egg pockets. The experimental setup consists of reconstructed egg pockets in cylindrical cores under flow-through conditions. Live and dead eyed-stage eggs were incubated in a natural, sterilised gravel substrate. Hyporheic water circulation was ensured using peristaltic pumps, with the possibility to collect and analyse inflowing and outflowing water for chemical analyses. Microcosm incubations, with closed respirometry of eggs in water alone, were also carried out in order to infer the importance of microbial respiration in the simulated egg pockets. The results show an increasing trend in oxygen demand, due to the development of biofilm in the reconstructed egg pockets and increased egg respiration rates. Moreover, egg pockets showed positive ammonium net fluxes connected with the advancing developmental egg stage, while nitrate removal peaked during the last phase of the experiment, mainly due to the formation of oxic-hypoxic interfaces, leading to couple nitrification–denitrification processes. The suggested approach enables to test a number of in situ situations, including the effects of extreme hydrological conditions, sediment clogging and sudden changes in water chemistry or temperature on the survival and metabolic performances of nests, at different egg development stages.
Experimental Study on the Morphology of Snow Crystal Particles and Its Influence on Compacted Snow Hardness
Authors: Hu Shengbo , Li Zhijun , Lu Peng , Wang Qingkai , Wei Jie , Zhao Qiuming
Published: February 2024

In their natural state, snow crystals are influenced by the atmosphere during formation and multiple factors after landing, resulting in varying particle sizes and unstable particle morphologies that are challenging to quantify. The current research mainly focuses on the relationship between the porosity of compacted snow samples or qualitatively describes snow crystals and their macroscopic physical properties, ignoring that the significant differences in the morphology of snow crystals also affect their physical properties. To quantitatively evaluate the morphology of snow crystals, we employed optical microscopy to obtain digital images of snow crystals in Harbin, utilizing the Sobel and Otsu algorithms to determine the equivalent particle size and fractal dimension of individual snow particles. In addition, the hardness of snow with a density of 0.4 g/cm3 was measured through a penetration test, with an analysis of its correlation relative to particle size and fractal dimension. The results indicated the fractal dimension as an effective parameter for characterizing particle shape, which decreased rapidly over time and then fluctuated within the range of 1.10 to 1.15. During the initial period, natural snow crystals broke down rapidly, leading to an increase in the percentage of natural snow crystals with an equivalent particle size of 0.2–0.4 mm up to 51.86%. After three days, the sintering effect between snow crystals was enhanced, resulting in an even distribution of the equivalent particle size. Finally, multiple linear regression analysis showed a positive correlation between compacted snow hardness and fractal dimension, with a negative correlation between compacted snow hardness and equivalent particle size. These findings offer valuable technical support and data reference for exploring the relationship between snow’s mechanical properties and its microscopic particle shape.
The Impact of Tides and Monsoons on Tritium Migration and Diffusion in Coastal Harbours: A Simulation Study in Lianyungang Haizhou Bay, China
Authors: Zhang Yangxin , Zhang Jiangmei , Liu Tuantuan , Feng Xinghua , Xie Tengxiang , Liu Haolin
Published: February 2024

Many nuclear power plants have been built along China’s coasts, and the migration and diffusion of radioactive nuclides in coastal harbours is very concerning. In this study, considering the decay and free diffusion of radioactive nuclides, a local hydrodynamic model based on the FVCOM was built to investigate the migration and diffusion of the radioactive nuclide tritium in Haizhou Bay, China. This model was calibrated according to the observed tidal level and flow velocity and direction, which provide an accurate background. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of tides and monsoons on the migration path and concentration variations in tritium over time. The results demonstrated that the simulated flow field can reflect real-life receiving waters. The distribution of the tritium concentration is affected by the flow field, which is related to the tides. Moreover, more severe radioactive contamination was exhibited in winter than in summer because monsoons may have hindered the migration and diffusion of tritium within the harbour. Given the poor hydrodynamic conditions and slow water exchange in the open ocean in Haizhou Bay, the diffusion rate of radioactive nuclides outside the bay area was higher than that within it.
Daily Runoff Prediction with a Seasonal Decomposition-Based Deep GRU Method
Authors: He Feifei , Wan Qinjuan , Wang Yongqiang , Wu Jiang , Zhang Xiaoqi , Feng Yu
Published: February 2024

Accurately predicting hydrological runoff is crucial for water resource allocation and power station scheduling. However, there is no perfect model that can accurately predict future runoff. In this paper, a daily runoff prediction method with a seasonal decomposition-based-deep gated-recurrent-unit (GRU) method (SD-GRU) is proposed. The raw data is preprocessed and then decomposed into trend, seasonal, and residual components using the seasonal decomposition algorithm. The deep GRU model is then used to predict each subcomponent, which is then integrated into the final prediction results. In particular, the hyperparameter optimization algorithm of tree-structured parzen estimators (TPE) is used to optimize the model. Moreover, this paper introduces the single machine learning model (including multiple linear regression (MLR), back propagation (BP), long short-term memory neural network (LSTM) and gate recurrent unit (GRU)) and a combination model (including seasonal decomposition–back propagation (SD-BP), seasonal decomposition–multiple linear regression (SD-MLR), along with seasonal decomposition–long-and-short-term-memory neural network (SD-LSTM), which are used as comparison models to verify the excellent prediction performance of the proposed model. Finally, a case study of the Qingjiang Shuibuya test set, which considers the period 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2019, is conducted. Case studies of the Qingjiang River show the proposed model outperformed the other models in prediction performance. The model achieved a mean absolute error (MAE) index of 38.5, a Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) index of 0.93, and a coefficient of determination (R2) index of 0.7. In addition, compared to the comparison model, the NSE index of the proposed model increased by 19.2%, 19.2%, 16.3%, 16.3%, 2.2%, 2.2%, and 1.1%, when compared to BP, MLR, LSTM, GRU, SD-BP, SD-MLR, SD-LSTM, and SD-GRU, respectively. This research can provide an essential reference for the study of daily runoff prediction models.
An Update on Rainfall Thresholds for Rainfall-Induced Landslides in the Southern Apuan Alps (Tuscany, Italy) Using Different Statistical Methods
Authors: Giannecchini Roberto , Zanon Alessandro , Barsanti Michele
Published: February 2024

The southern Apuan Alps (Italy) are prone to rainfall-induced landslides. A first attempt to calculate rainfall thresholds was made in 2006 using non-statistical and repeatable methods for the 1975–2002 period. This research aims to update, validate, and compare the results of that attempt through different statistical approaches. Furthermore, a new dataset of rainfall and landslides from 2008 to 2016 was collected and analyzed by reconstructing the rainfall events via an automatic procedure. To obtain the rainfall thresholds in terms of the duration–intensity relationship, we applied three different statistical methods for the first time in this area: logistic regression (LR), quantile regression (QR), and least-squares linear fit (LSQ). The updated rainfall thresholds, obtained through statistical methods and related to the 1975–2002 dataset, resulted in little difference from the ones obtained with non-statistical methods and have similar efficiency values among themselves. The best one is provided by the LR, with a landslide probability of 0.55 (efficiency of 89.8%). The new rainfall thresholds, calculated by applying the three statistical methods on the dataset from 2008–2016, are similar to the 1975–2002 ones, except for the LR threshold, which exhibits a higher slope. This result confirms the validity of the thresholds obtained with the old database.
A Lightweight Multi-Branch Context Network for Unsupervised Underwater Image Restoration
Authors: Wang Rong , Zhang Yonghui , Zhang Yulu
Published: February 2024

Underwater images commonly experience degradation caused by light absorption and scattering in water. Developing lightweight and efficient neural networks to restore degraded images is challenging because of the difficulty in obtaining high-quality paired images and the delicate trade-off between model performance and computational demands. To provide a lightweight and efficient solution for restoring images in terms of color, structure, texture details, etc., enabling the underwater image restoration task to be applied in real-world scenes, we propose an unsupervised lightweight multi-branch context network. Specifically, we design two lightweight multi-branch context subnetworks that enable multiple receptive field feature extraction and long-range dependency modeling to estimate scene radiance and transmission maps. Gaussian blur is adopted to approximate the global background light on the twice-downsampled degraded image. We design a comprehensive loss function that incorporates multiple components, including self-supervised consistency loss and reconstruction loss, to train the network using degraded images in an unsupervised learning manner. Experiments on several underwater image datasets demonstrate that our approach realizes good performance with very few model parameters (0.12 M), and is even comparable to state-of-the-art methods (up to 149 M) in color correction and contrast restoration.
Revealing the Sources of Nutrients in the Surface Waters of the Selenga River Watershed Using Hydrochemical and Geospatial Data
Authors: Semenov Mikhail Y. , Silaev Anton V. , Semenov Yuri M. , Begunova Larisa A.
Published: February 2024

This study was the first attempt to identify the sources of total oxidized nitrogen (TON) and inorganic phosphorus (IP) in the water of the Selenga River—the main tributary of Lake Baikal. To identify TON and IP sources, the data on nutrient concentrations in water of Selenga River and its tributaries as well as the data on river runoff were collected and mapped. On the basis of the obtained data, the values of TON and IP exported from different parts of Selenga watershed were evaluated and mapped using geospatial techniques. In addition, critical source areas (CSAs) which accumulate soil pollutants from nonpoint pollution sources and release them into the surface water during storm events were identified in most polluted watershed areas. It was found that the values of TON exports in most parts of the Selenga watershed varied in the range 0–50 kg/km2/yr, whereas the values of IP exports varied in the range 0–5 kg/km2/yr. Obtained data on TON export were in agreement with those obtained earlier by foreign researchers using global models of nutrient export, whereas data on IP exports were two times higher than those previously modelled.
Particle Reinforced, Open Cell Metal Foams
Authors: Szovák Benedek , Maróti János Endre , Orbulov Imre Norbert
Published: February 2024

Salt replicated metal matrix foams are cellular materials with interconnected cells. These materials have some highly specific mechanical properties. They are capable of absorbing high amount of energy during compression. The main goal of this study was to increase these mechanical properties without drastically increasing density with the application of ceramic particles as reinforcing material. In this research salt-replicated metal foams with particle reinforced cell walls were successfully created with pressure infiltration. The energy absorption capacity, the plateau stress and in some cases the specific values were increased approximately by 10 % to 41 %. by particle reinforcement.
Effect of Heat Treatment on the Properties of Tool Steel
Authors: Tóth László
Published: February 2024

Tool production has deep importance for the industry. The developed tool steels are suitable for the requirements. These tool steels contain large amounts of alloying elements and carbon. The required properties are determined by the chemical composition and microstructure of the tool steel. High hardness, wear resistance, strength, toughness, and corrosion resistance can be achieved by heat treatment which can modify the microstructure. Sub-zero treatment, shallow cryogenic treatment, and deep cryogenic treatment technology, and the resulting microstructure, are given a prominent place in this paper. The review is summarized based on literature research on the experimental results of heat treatment of tool steels.
Euthydème, Hybréas et Mylasa : une cité grecque de Carie dans les conflits romains de la fin du Ier siècle a.C. (première partie)
Authors: Delrieux Fabrice , Ferriès Marie-Claire
Published: February 2024

De 50 a.C jusqu’à la prise de pouvoir d’Auguste, Mylasa offre une palette assez complète des difficultés auxquelles furent confrontées les cités de Carie. L’endettement public, les tributs exceptionnels et le raid dévastateur de Labiénus constituèrent des épreuves dont la cause et le remède venaient des Romains. Euthydème puis Hybréas durent concilier les intérêts de leur cité et les exigences contradictoires des maîtres successifs de la province. La ferveur du culte impérial et la grandeur d’Hybréas ne peuvent dissimuler l’affaiblissement de Mylasa à cette époque.
Notes critiques et exégétiques aux Hymnes orphiques
Authors: Vian Francis
Published: February 2024

Examen de quelques passages des Hymnes orphiques récemment édités par G. Ricciardelli. Les observations portent plus particulièrement sur des expressions récurrentes de sens controversé et permettent de préciser la conception négative que le poète se fait de l’outre-tombe. -Une note sur Dionysos Épaphrios / Écumant.
Claudio Druso y las pieles de los Frisios. Anotaciones a Tac. Ann. IV.72
Authors: Muñiz Coello Joaquim
Published: February 2024

Dans son récit des événements de l’année 28 ap. J.-C., Tacite mentionne les causes du soulèvement des Frisons, peuple installé sur l’embouchure du Rhin. La raison essentielle du mécontentement semble être une augmentation du tribut payé par ce peuple aux autorités romaines depuis le gouvernement de Drusus. Cette taxe consistait jusqu’alors dans la livraison d’une quantité déterminée de peaux de bœufs domestiques qui servaient d’abord aux besoins de l’armée. Les exigences d’un nouveau responsable militaire qui demanda, à des fins d’enrichissement personnel, qu’on lui livre désormais des peaux d’animaux sauvages, c’est-à-dire des bisons, mirent rapidement les Frisons dans l’incapacité de tenir leurs engagements et provoquèrent leur révolte.
L’Entrave dans Les Confessions de Saint Augustin. Essai sur un imaginaire
Authors: Cambronne Patrice
Published: February 2024

A partir de l’image de l’Entrave, cette étude se présente comme un exemple possible d’analyse de l’Imaginaire conçu comme un tissu entre réseaux d’images, réseaux de concepts, eux-mêmes considérés comme des modes d’expression d’une Expérience intérieure
Trois femmes trois fonctions. Tanaquil, Tullia, Lucrecia (Tite Live, Histoire romaine, livre I)
Authors: Meudler Marcel
Published: February 2024

Comme l’ont montré D. Briquel et Cl. Sterckx, la narration de la période étrusque de Rome s’articule sur l’idéologie indo-européenne. C’est ainsi que les reines étrusques outrepassent leur fonction, Tanaquil celle de la souveraineté, Tullia celle de la guerre, tandis que la matrone romaine Lucrèce subit les outrages à sa fécondité, c’est-à-dire un méfait à l’encontre de la troisième fonction.
Les structures défensives antiques dans les Cyclades : l’exemple de Kythnos
Authors: Mazarakis-Ainian Alexandros , Louyot David
Published: February 2024

Les auteurs expertisent les phases d’existence des structures défensives construites sur le territoire de Kythnos afin d’approfondir l’histoire politique et militaire des Cyclades. Ils s’interrogent sur l’éventualité d’un programme de construction et de défense commun à tout l’archipel.
Antonin le Pieux et les siens dans les inscriptions des provinces romaines d’Afrique
Authors: Rémy Bernard
Published: February 2024

Two hundred twenty three document found in North Africa mention Antoninus Pius and one’s family (direct tributes, monuments’ consecrations...) then attest his civilian and military action. All the texts allow the study of imperial names and titles used to name Antoninus Augustus.
Dion Chrysostome, Protagoras et Platon dans le Discours XXXVI, Borysthenitique
Authors: Billault Alain
Published: February 2024

Même s’il ne cite pas son nom, Dion Chrysostome se réfère à Protagoras dans le mythe des mages, à la fin du Discours XXXVI. Dans ce mythe, il se présente comme instruit de leur doctrine, comme l’était Protagoras selon Philostrate. En outre, il joue le rôle de Protagoras à la fin d’un discours dont la source principale est le Protagoras de Platon. Ainsi, l’on peut supposer qu’il avait une haute opinion du sophiste. Ce dernier est donc sans doute l’Abdéritain dont il fait l’éloge dans le Discours LIV, 2.
Analyse de l’espace et urbanisations en Grèce archaïque : quelques pistes de recherche récentes
Authors: De Polignac François
Published: February 2024

Plusieurs études récentes ont souligné la nécessité de dépasser une lecture purement formelle de Γ urbanisme grec, fondée sur des distinctions bien établies tel que extérieur et intérieur, public et privé, pour privilégier une analyse en termes de processus, agissant à des échelles très variées, dont l’urbanisation est partie prenante. Comprendre l’urbanisation archaïque implique que l’on regarde bien au-delà de l’espace urbain et les exemples tirés de l’Ionie ne montrent pas de différence sensible avec le reste du monde grec.
Le proème de l'Énéide comme seuil
Authors: Franchet d'Espèrey Sylvie
Published: February 2024

Le présent article a pour but de montrer en quoi le proème de l'Enéide constitue une entrée progressive dans le récit, en recourant principalement à la notion d’énonciation : on passe du silence au début de l’histoire (v. 34) en passant par l’énoncé de l’énonciation, la présentation du sujet et le pré-récit des causes. Il envisage aussi les continuités thématiques (optimisme historique, tragique de la condition du héros, interrogation métaphysique) et les différents niveaux de la temporalité, mettant en évidence notamment l’existence d’un temps grammatical du « présent contemporain » qui correspond au regard rétrospectif sur le passé.
Le "Diomède" de l'Énéide ou le bon roi selon Virgile
Authors: Barbara Sébastien
Published: February 2024

Dans l'Enéide, Virgile qui cherchait à étoffer ses portraits héroïques, a transposé les aspects déplaisants de l'impius Tydides et les traits héroïques traditionnels de Diomède sur d’autres personnages notamment Turnus et Énée. Le fils de Tydée, désormais vidé en quelque sorte de sa substance homérique, devient alors un nouveau modèle, le complément inattendu du pius Aeneas : c’est désormais un roi-philosophe, qui, conformément à des versions de réconciliation déjà connues des Romains, se montre bienveillant à l’égard des Troyens. Ce portrait rénové du héros confirme les fata de Rome, destinée à détenir l’empire universel et à dépasser l’antagonisme achéo-troyen si souvent exploité avant Virgile par les mythographes et les historiens de la péninsule italienne.
Navigating Care Boundaries: Exploring the Limits between Compassionate Care and Neglect1
Authors: Di Patrizio Dr. Gabriele
Published: February 2024

For over two decades in France, the concept of "bientraitance" has echoed within the walls of nursing homes. While recommendations for good professional practices stand as a beacon for the care of the elderly, aiming to prevent the indignity of mistreatment, they may not consistently guide daily care giving practices in these establishments. This study does not delve into the reasons for this discrepancy.
Instead, it presents three situations extracted from the field, exploring the concepts of "bientraitance" and its antithesis. Employing a qualitative and reflective approach, the research seeks to examine the nuanced boundary between these two antagonistic modes of care. The caregiver's individual response becomes pivotal, signifying their positioning—whether to remain or contemplate a shift—while respecting the construction of their professional identity and the dignity of the vulnerable individual.
Ti50Ni27Nb20Ta3 Şekil Hatırlamalı Alaşımda Isıl İşlemlerin Faz Dönüşüm Histeresizi ve Termal Aktivasyon Enerjisi Üzerine Etkilerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Balci Esra , Dağdelen Fethi
Published: February 2024

Bu çalışmada dörtlü TiNiNbTa alaşımına farklı ısıl işlemler uygulanarak alaşımın termal parametreleri üzerine ısıl işlemlerin etkileri incelendi. Isıl işlem sıcaklıkları 700℃, 800℃ ve 900℃ seçildi. Isıl işlem yapılan alaşımların DSC eğrileri farklı ısıtma-soğutma hızına bağlı olarak alındı. Isıl işlem sıcaklığını artmasına bağlı alaşımın dönüşüm sıcaklıklarının azaldığı belirlendi. Fakat artan ısıl işlem sıcaklığı ile termal aktivasyon enerjisinin önemli derecede arttığı gözlendi. Ayrıca ısıl işlem sıcaklığının artması austenite faz pik minumununu (Ap) ve dönüşüm histeresizini (Hf) önemli derecede azalttığı gözlendi.
The future of court's procurators with the advent of artificial intelligence technologies
Authors: Fernández Galarreta Francisco Javier
Published: February 2024

The use of artificial intelligence, as well as the digital transformation and the incorporation of advanced technologies in the field of the justice administration is a fact that has left no one indifferent. The progress of artificial intelligence-based technologies, which are allowing the automation of a multitude of tasks that are currently performed by different operators and legal professionals, will cause that many of these services and routine tasks will be developed by machines, with the consequent loss of prominence of these professional groups. In this context, what is the future for the legal professionals who represent the citizen in Courts? It seems difficult to imagine the need for the figure of Court's Procurator, especially when many other operators and legal professionals could be replaced by intelligent machines. For this reason, this paper will try to analyze the impact that these new technologies will have on the functions that these professionals perform daily on behalf of the parties before the courts.
Personalized system of therapy of stress-related disorders in persons affected by combat actions
Authors: Zelenska K.O.
Published: February 2024

According to estimates by the Ministry of Health of our country, 15 million citizens of Ukraine may eventually develop mental disorders, and 3 to 4 million people will need psychopharmacological treatment as a result of the war. In turn, mental disorders can have an exacerbation and affect the course of chronic diseases of the population, such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and of course, no one excludes addictions or the development of bad habits. The aim of the study was to develop a personalized system for the treatment of stress-related disorders in people affected by military operations. The study involved 299 patients with non-psychotic mental disorders, both sexes, with an average age of (30.6±4.7) years. We also used the following research methods: anamnestic, clinical and psychopathological, and psychodiagnostic. According to the results of the psychodiagnostic study, the examined patients showed a decrease in anxiety and depression according to the Hamilton Anxiety and Depression Scale and anxiety and depression according to the hospital scale; reduction in the intensity of clinical manifestations on the Mississippi Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Scale and a significant decrease in the intrusion and avoidance scores on the traumatic event impact assessment scale; restoration of social activity and improvement of the quality of life of patients with stress-related disorders. According to the scale for assessing the impact of an Impact of Event Scale - Revised in all three groups (military, volunteers, resettles), the indicators of the subscales "intrusion", "avoidance", "arousal" showed a decrease in the indicators of these subscales. Using the developed program, we noted positive dynamics of the mental state, namely a rapid reduction of anxiety and depressive symptoms, normalization of the sleep-wake cycle, restoration of social activity and improvement of the quality of life of patients.

Keywords: anxiety, depression, PTSD, psychotherapy, psychoeducation, pharmaco­therapy.