bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intermediation and Innovation Contests on the Internet
Authors: Liotard Isabelle , Revest Valérie
Published: January 2017

The aim of this chapter is to analyse the emergence of a new form of hybrid research, resulting from the meeting of the Internet and an old practice revitalized by the Web: innovation contests. Through the study of two specific systems, the private platform Innocentive.com and the government-related platform Challenge.gov, we propose to highlight the particularities of these two recent models of research and innovation organisation. We also seek to identify the main similarities and differences in the forms of intermediation practised by these two platforms and particularly as regards the range of service provision: provide information, guidance and expertise, create and conduct business transactions, solve complex challenges, manage Intellectual Property issues. This comparative analysis illustrates the great malleability of the system of online contests, which can thus adapt to very diverse needs on the part of sponsors and take into account the specificity of the required innovations.
Global Supply Chain Management Organization at Siemens in the Advent of Industry 4.0
Authors: Petrisor Ioan , Cozmiuc Diana
Published: January 2017

Contemporary supply chain management involves integration, collaboration, networking, the Internet as a channel. The latter is about to be disrupted by the Internet of Things and industry 4.0. Contemporary Supply Chain Management involves supplier integration over product lifecycle. This creates structural organizational opportunities for Global Supply Chain Centers, organized as a corporate functional unit for an organization, a shared service center or a Business Process Organization that manages supply chain intermediation. The opportunities of such units are unravelled, the major of which: closing bulk contracts at a large discount price, especially for commodities; closing contracts with suppliers to assure supply availability and quality; economies of scale; complex product over lifetime advantages. These are possible for a large corporation or a Business Process Organization. This chapter aims to explore, analyze and evaluate the construction of a Global Supply Chain Management at Siemens since 2009 to date in the advent of Industry 4.0 promoted by Siemens.
The Importance of Logistics Information Technologies and Knowledge Management Capabilities on Intermediaries' Performance
Authors: Yavuz Meltem , Deligönül Burak
Published: January 2017

In the climbing conditions of competition, companies must take strategic steps in order to make profits. From this point of view, those companies which possess information in the right way and utilize it efficiently and timely will have more advantages in reaching their goals than their rivals. Along with technology which develops each day, information which forms the core of an effective logistics management has become a factor which enables companies to establish their logistics strategies competitively. As it is known, distinguish knowledge resources from the process of trying to manage them is become crucial issue for the companies. Logistics information technologies and knowledge management capabilities have been seen as a compelling organizational capability to enhance performance of intermediaries. This chapter aimes to explore the effects of Logistics Information Technologies (LIT) and Knowledge Management Capabilities (KMC) on intermediaries' performance.
International Distribution
Authors: Cassière François , Noireaux Virginie
Published: January 2017

The international aspect of distribution is marked by a significant idiosyncrasy linked to market sizes, distributors, business placement, the maturity of targeted markets, and additionally, to the cultural proximity of the individuals and groups involved. Behind these economic, financial, cultural, or managerial considerations lies a rather dense web. As a natural leader of this system, the distributor plays a crucial role in the future of the architecture of the supply-chain structure. Founded on leadership, the strategy of the distributor becomes more malleable when presented in another cultural context. This chapter presents a study of the relational and managerial interweaving between the supply-chain stakeholders under the locus of leadership. In particular, it examines the efforts required by the involved individuals and groups, as well as intermediaries, to encourage lasting connections in the supply chain, be it intermediated or not.
Nowcasting Capacity Utilization in Turkey
Authors: Taşseven Özlem
Published: January 2017

Capacity utilization in macroeconomics is always related to inflation rate and unemployment level. However, the Great Recession has taught us that there might have been other factors considered in determining and/or be determined by capacity utilization. In order to further enhance Phillips Curve relationship unconventional variables such as financial and survey variables are considered. The relationship between capacity utilization rates and several real variables such as industrial production, gross domestic product growth rate, unemployment rate, consumer expenditures, financial variables such as return on BIST 100 index, exchange rate of currency basket, interest rates, survey variables such as consumer consumption index, business tendency survey and survey of expectations is investigated using data between 2006 and 2015 for Turkey. All of the above-mentioned variables indicate the production capacity and their repercussions on other macro variables except the level of standard of living. We also highlight the repercussions of production capacity concerning welfare state.
The Effect of the Marketing Strategy in Performance of the Pharmaceutical Sector
Authors: Samanta Irene
Published: January 2017

The aim of this research is to examine the impact of Marketing Strategy possesses in pharmaceutical sector in Greece and define the competitive and organizational benefits accumulate from the procedure. A quantitative survey was conducted with a sample of pharmaceutical firms. The method used is Factor analysis and a Multivariable Regression Model in order to forecast the total performance of the organization. The importance of the Marketing Strategy in the current economic conditions provides a practical indication of marketing decision making and if managed carefully and closely monitored it can offer a number of direct competitive benefits to the industries.
Enhancing Retailer-Consumers Relationship through Everyday Sustainability
Authors: Candelo Elena , Casalegno Cecilia , Civera Chiara
Published: January 2017

The chapter aims at investigating the effects that the Communication of Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainability exerts on consumers' perception considering the fast food industry in Italy. the McDonald's case study has been developed through managerial interviews and formal documents analysis in order to report on its strategies for CSR activities implementation and their communication in Italy. Moreover, through surveys conducted in Italy, the case study has been tested on a particular group of young consumers - Generation Z - less influenced by the past McDonald's activity in order to demonstrate how communications of sustainability are better believed and perceived, when a brand has a long tradition of misperceptions.
The Development of an Optimised Metadata Application Profile
Authors: Walk Paul
Published: January 2017

This chapter describes an approach to the development of a metadata application profile. It is particularly concerned with the class of application profile which is optimised for a specific use-case, rather than those which are more concerned with supporting general interoperability in a broader domain. The example of the development of a particular application profile, RIOXX, is used to illustrate some of the methodology discussed. Much of the approach described in the chapter was designed during the course of the development of RIOXX. Issues which are given particular consideration include a focus on the close involvement of ‘implementors' (normally software developers), the adoption of ideas from agile software development, continuous testing and open development, and ongoing maintenance and sustainability “on a shoestring”.
The Safe Space
Authors: Hamilton Cary McAdams , Reas Hannah E. , Mansfield Megan E.
Published: January 2017

This chapter illustrates the neurobiological effects of trauma on children, as well as the therapeutic benefits of play therapy as a stand-alone treatment for this population. The goal of this work includes providing a framework for the neurobiological effects of trauma on children, as well as the various advantages of play therapy as an effective intervention. Play, specifically, meets children where they are in their development, while also attending to the neurobiological effects that trauma can have on the brain. The primary neurobiological structures implicated and targeted by client-centered play-based interventions are discussed, as well as the impact play therapy has on neural integration, memory assimilation, and the limbic system. A clinical vignette from the principal author's practice and experience working with traumatized children is included to elucidate the healing nature of play.
Expanding the Range of Puppetry in Expressive Play Therapy
Authors: Ferro Michele J. , Byers Julia Gentleman
Published: January 2017

This chapter focuses on expanding the therapeutic application of using puppetry as a communicative tool in the service of psychological growth and integration for children. A continuum of more than thirty descriptors of puppetry formats are presented that each hold specific value within therapeutic interventions. The types of materials used to construct the puppet and their cognitive, emotional, and sensory connections are explored, as is the impact of uniquely created productions versus commercial products. The authors also define the limitations and challenges of certain types of puppetry, which can evoke or incite different reactions within different stages and phases of psychosocial treatment. Examples of case vignettes are provided from a Child and Adolescent public services agency in an inner-city environment.
Teachers Can Play Too
Authors: Chen Szu-Yu , Lindo Natalya A.
Published: January 2017

Positive teacher-child relationships are key factors for children's social-emotional development and academic success in schools. Teachers' ability to provide children with emotional support and understand children's unique needs may improve challenging behaviors in the classroom. Play-based teacher intervention training models provide teachers opportunities to become therapeutic agents and learn how to use humanistic play therapy skills and language to communicate with children and respond to their unique needs. In this chapter, the authors introduce four play-based teacher intervention training models: Kinder Training, Child-Teacher Relationship Training, Relationship Enhancement for Learner and Teacher, and Teacher-Child Relationship Building. The authors also illustrate these models' goals, training structure, research support for their effectiveness with teacher-child relationships, children's behavioral issues, academic engagement, and teachers' classroom management skills.
The Play Therapist in the Courtroom
Authors: Sullivan Jeffrey M. , Akay Sinem
Published: January 2017

This chapter addresses what is often the most anxiety inducing experience most play therapists will encounter in their professional career: appearing in court. Play therapists who work with cases of child abuse face a higher chance of appearing in court on behalf of their child client. The purpose this chapter is to detail some ways play therapists can best prepare for the court process, which often begins at the moment the client relationship is established, how to prepare for court once a subpoena is received, and best practices for testifying in court on behalf of the child client. Finally, this chapter discusses the effects of court on the child and how to best help children recover from courtroom experiences.
The Social Relations of Anywhere Working
Authors: Berrell Mike
Published: January 2017

The idea of anywhere working provides opportunities to utilize non-traditional work spaces and new employment relationships. However, the new employment relationships ensuing from the work practice have implications for both employees and employers. While thinking about the nature of anywhere working tends to focus on macro-level issues and micro-level practices, the social relations of anywhere working is a peripheral concern. This chapter reviews some of the images and meanings attached to work through the ages. Subsequently, the dominant ideas in the anywhere working literature emerge as employee centric, employer centric and technology centric themes. The notion of a sociological paradigm frames the discussion and analysis of anywhere working in its broadest context. Given its rapid spread, anywhere working may be represented as a watershed in employment relations and work practices. In this light, new ways of thinking about the social relations and the nature of work itself are required.
Working Anywhere and Working Anyhow?
Authors: Wärzner Alessandro , Hartner-Tiefenthaler Martina , Koeszegi Sabine Theresia
Published: January 2017

Working from anywhere relies heavily on information communication technologies (ICT). Scholars are increasingly utilizing a tension-based research lens to investigate organisational paradoxes which are rooted in opposite tendencies that might negate one another. Thus, computer-mediated communication can be both demanding and resourceful. The aim of this chapter is to present an analytical framework integrating three distinct but interrelated perspectives (task, medium and individual) to account for individuals' perceptions of job demands and job resources associated with the usage of ICT when working from anywhere. This chapter draws on insights from theories of media choice and communication performance, the self-determination theory and the job demands-resources model to better understand the impact of communication in the remote setting.
Telework and People with Disabilities
Authors: Bosua Rachelle , Gloet Marianne
Published: January 2017

People with disabilities face unique challenges to access work and participate in a work culture and environment. The increasing uptake of telework is promising from a digital inclusion perspective for people with disabilities. This qualitative study explored barriers and problems of including people with disabilities through telework in Australia. The study focused on management and worker perspectives and findings indicate that both parties face unique challenges to accommodate and include people with disabilities in telework arrangements. Worker barriers to access telework relate to management attitudes, physical and infrastructure problems, social isolation misconceptions, lack of management trust, insufficient telework opportunities and inadequate management knowledge of IT support and reasonable adjustment for people with disabilities. Management issues involve cultural intolerance towards diversity and disability in general, as well as a lack of policies and processes that create a supportive environment for people with disabilities who wish to telework.
Emerging Strategies in Green Marketing Within the New Sustainability Paradigm
Authors: Kumar Manoj
Published: January 2017

The current study is an attempt to clarify the nomological net of corporate green marketing and also an attempt to highlight and remedy some inherent dilemmas and myopic approaches in the green marketing debate. Briefly, in this study the green marketing concept has been defined and analyzed in an evolutionary manner. Within the sustainability framework, previous approaches to green marketing motivators, which is consumer-centric to an extensive degree, are no longer useful. Thus, this problem has been tried to be remedied by showing that demand is a changing variable and it influences green marketing at the tactical level due to its short-term nature. Although a proposed model has been explained, all variables need to be studied much further and the unique contribution of this study is reflecting the perspective change incorporating strategic and tactical levels and the insights this perspective can provide to businesses and practitioners about why they should be going green.
Practice of Green Marketıng Activities in the Organic Agricultural Sector in Turkey
Authors: Asoğlu Veysel , Şengün Halil İbrahim
Published: January 2017

Requests and needs are not static in a growing and changing world. On the contrary, they can develop and change with the effect of both environmental and internal factors. Green marketing is the request of social civilization. One of the effects of this growing interest in environmental markets in Turkey and the rest of the world can be seen in the move towards organic agriculture. The main purposes of this study are to define organic agriculture as described by environmental marketers and as practised in the agricultural sector, and to explore the current condition of organic agriculture in Turkey and the rest of the world. Subsequently, organic agriculture and the main problems in its related sectors will be discussed and suggestions for solutions will be given. Suggestions will be given that include political, as well as research and development and training programs that are related to improving organic agriculture and increasing organic exports.
Development Efforts of Coastal Community after Lapindo Mud Flow
Authors: Alaudin  , Mustain Mahmud , Rosyid Daniel M.
Published: January 2017

Lapindo is waste disposal the mud that comes out of the PT. Lapindo Brantas.Inc in Porong, Sidoarjo East Java, which has lasted for more than 9 years ago. With the volume bursts of 105 m3/day and take time to stop bursts estimated at 8907 years. This sludge can affect surrounding communities. The purpose of this research is to the development of coastal communities in Jabon post Lapindo mudflow, by using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Data collected through questionnaires, interviews, observation and documentation. In empowering coastal communities Jabon there are three actors involved, government Sidoarjo, PT Lapindo Brantas Inc., and coastal communities Jabon. To determine the parties involved. The most appropriate use of sub-criteria to support the main criteria. From the results obtained the most demanded by the public as a result of the government's disaster PT. Lapindo Brantas Inc. The effects of the mudflow society expects improvement, especially in terms of the economy of coastal communities Jabon.
Coastal Studies for Implementation of Law 27/2007 jo 01/2014 in Sumenep Regency
Authors: Siswanto Aries Dwi , Nugraha Wahyu Andy
Published: January 2017

RTRW coastal and small islands is based on Law 27/2007 jo 01/2014 which subsequently revealed to be a technical manual of regulationby provincy and regency. This study aims to determine the prepadness of Sumenep regency to implement Law 27/2007 jo 01/2014. Samples were taken through interviews with respondents on education institutions as well as public and subsequently with MDS method. The analysis shows that the "level of knowledge" and "level of readiness" is sufficient. Indicator "level of knowledge" mapped variously, indicating although general knowledge of the law are "well informed", but an important aspect for the implementation of such policies, programs, and tools needed to implement the law is still weak. The level of readiness mapped fair/enough, which suggests that the government has enough Sumenep administratively ready for implementation.
Model of Determining Operation Coverage Area of Port: Case Study East Java
Authors: Hadi Firmanto , Mustakim Achmad , Yunianto Irwan Tri , Lazuardi Siti Dwi , Nur Hasan Iqbal , Islamiati Devita Hilda
Published: January 2017

Hinterland of a port is an economic support area of a port. Basically the economy of a hinterland comes from industries in it. The need of goods creates the distribution of goods. Port users in East Java consider using nearest port from his company. This paper is intended to know hinterland area every port in East Java. This paper used set covering model to know hinterland area of each port. The objective function of this model is Minimize total inland transportation cost. The factors that are considered are the service of the ports, distance, mode of transport, and transportation time. The result of this paper shows the Hinterland area of Tanjung Perak port which used General cargo packaging is Surabaya, Container commodities are Bojonegoro, Gresik, Kediri, Lumajang, Mojokerto, Pasuruan, Probolinggo, Sidoarjo and Malanng, Dry Bulk commodities are Gresik, Kediri, Mojokerto, Sidoarjo, Tuban. Probolinggo port has hinterland are General cargo commodities are Madiun and Probolinggo. And Hinterland of Tanjung Wangi port which used container packaging areBondowoso and Banyuwangi.
Characteristics of High Growth Casuarina equisetifolia and High Inundation of Tsunami when Propagating through Greenbelt Vertical Rod
Authors: Purwono Novi Andhi Setyo , Nizam  , Triatmadja Radianta
Published: January 2017

The tsunami waves when reached the coast has a potentially damage and large destroye, which has a velocity of 150-500 km/h and when arriving at the coast will sweep all existing buildings around the coast. The current research on tsunami wave has been done, but in general against buildings or scour. Research on the use of vegetation as an energy absorbers tsunami waves is still lacking. Pacitan coast is one of the coasts that are used to simulate the use of vegetation as a greenbelt in reducing tsunami wave. In observation of Casuarina Equisetifolia plants as greenbelt, plant age, density, planting pattern, stem diameter and the diameter of the limb into the goal in measuring. The measurement results will be used as the initial in the research use of greenbelt plants against tsunami waves. These measurements will continue to be done in intervals of 1 year to see the development of the plant. The measurement results of this investigation will serve as a field data input greenbelt plant modeling laboratory in order to obtain theoretical approach regarding the use of plants in reducing tsunami.
Identifying Characteristics of Accidents in Japan's Five Major Ports
Authors: Sulistiyono Achmadi Bambang , Mutmainnah Wanginingastuti , Furusho Masao
Published: January 2017

The objective of this study is to identify various characteristics of accidents in Japan’s five major ports and to correlate the design and construction factors of these ports with accidents to better predict the occurrence of accidents based on port design and construction. The five major ports in Japan include the ports of Tokyo, Yokohama, Nagoya, Kobe, and Osaka as determined by their foreign container volumes. Data from the Japan-Marine Accident Risk and Safety Information System (J-MARISIS) is analyzed using the 4M Overturned Pyramid (MOP) model. The MOP model is a 3-dimensional model appearing as a three-sided inverted pyramid, consisting of 4 corners that represent the 4M factors (man, machine, media, and management) with the man factor always located at the bottom. The data analysis revealed that each port has its highest causative factor, but the highest causative factor for accidents in Japan’s five big ports is the man factor, followed by the management factor, media factor, and machine factor, in that order. The highest causative factor is also affected by the man-machine relationship. A correlation between port design or construction and marine accidents is not identified using the current MOP Model method, although design is accounted for in the machine factor.
Study of Port Tariff Structure and Port Pricing Approach
Authors: Achmadi Tri , Hadi Firmanto , Nur Hasan Iqbal , Yunianto Irwan Tri , Boyke Christino
Published: January 2017

In order to support National Logistics System continuity there are at least three (3) main components that should synergize well, namely the sea side (sea transport), the land side (hinterland transport) and the part that connects between the two (port). Port performance will greatly affect the performance of the national logistics system as a whole. One of the indicator of a country's logistics performance evaluation is the ease of arranging shipments of goods at competitive prices (shipment). One of the components of logistics costs which become concern of many parties is the port costs, in order to support the national high logistics cost reduction, study related to the port tariff structure and its associated regulations is needed, especially a matter to formulate and determining policy related to pricing port services. The survey and analysis will be carried out in an attempt to identified the port tariff structure as basis to determining the port pricing model. Port tariff structure analysis include the Identification of port services and cost component (user and port operator point of view). Based on the analysis of transport logistics cost, the shipping cost contribute 48%, port cost 40% and hinterland cost 12%. The port cost on the container terminal, the stevedoring costs contribute 42%, followed by the cargodoring cost 58%. It takes further analysis for stevedoring tariff and tariff lift-on / lift-off container given a large contribution to the overall cost of loading and unloading at the port. Port pricing formulation problem associated with cost (competitiveness), performance (level of services) and value added (value added to the customer), so that the best approach for determinining port cost and tariff are: (1) the first best pricing approach is MC = MR = P, (2) the second best pricing approach is LRMC. We suggest that the pricing policy for ports where tariff formulation needs to consider the external factors (currency, rates, fuel price, minimum salary and etc) and differentiated based on the level of port service. Relevant quality level of port service factors are the time in port, and the punctuality of handling the vessel and its cargo. Port Tariff = f (Cost of Goods Manufactured (production unit cost), Margin, Level of Service (LS)) and Maximum Port Tariff = 1.25 % ofproduction unit cost .
Behavior Prediction of Ship Structure due to Side Impact Scenario by Dynamic-Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Prabowo Aditya Rio , Bae Dong Myung , Sohn Jung Min
Published: January 2017

The development of safety has become issue especially for marine and ocean vessels. However, the limitless possibilities of various phenomenon on the sea, make the observation and prediction of ship structure are continuously needed. Side impact is one of those phenomenon. Due to the complexity of ship structure, this phenomenon occurs and produces high nonlinearities, which influence the extent and contour of structural behavior. Such interesting phenomenon was reviewed and studied in present paper using dynamic finite element analysis as the effect of the dependent characteristic of phenomenon to time. Several side scenario models were used to obtain different results in respect of impact location. The kinetic and total energies were presented together with the contours of stress and displacement at two sides of side constructions. Results indicated that the contribution of construction arrangement was significantly affected stress distribution in longitudinal direction of ship hull, while displacement contour from certain scenario produced high intensity on longitudinal member of side construction.
Hydrodynamics and Sediment Transport of Benoa Bay, Semi-Enclosed Bay in Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Dharma I. Gusti Bagus Sila , Candrayana Windy
Published: January 2017

Benoa Bay is a micro tidal semi-enclosed water with a size of 10 km x 15 km of the inner bay with a narrow gap formed by Serangan Island and Benoa Peninsula. Benoa Bay is a strategic area in south of Bali Province linked to the Indian Ocean through a narrow entrance. Recently, a large amount of siltation occurred in this area, which is caused by sedimentation from five rivers discharged into the bay. The sedimentation in the lagoon is of ecological and physical concern due to the mangrove ecosystem disturbing and operation of Benoa port for the necessity of increased dredging. This paper deals with tide-induced flows in a semi-enclosed water body in a micro-tidal environment that is subjected to tide and river discharge conditions. In this study, The Coastal Modeling System (CMS) developed by Coastal Inlets Research Program was used for simulating flow, waves, sediment transport, and morphology changes in coastal areas. This CMS has effectively calibrate the data set supplemented by field observations.
Preparation and Characterization of Biopolyol from Liquefied Oil Palm Fruit Waste: Part 1
Authors: Kormin Shaharuddin , Rus Anika Zafiah M.
Published: January 2017

Liquefaction is known to be an effective method for converting biomass into a biopolyol. The biomass liquefaction of oil palm fruit waste (OPFW) in the presence of liquefaction solvent/polyhydric alcohol (PA): Ethylene glycol (EG), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400) and glycerol using sulfuric acid as catalyst was studied. For all experiments, the liquefaction was conducted at 150°C and atmospheric pressure. The mass ratio of OPFW to liquefaction solvents used in all the experiments was 1/2, 1/3 and 1/4. The results revealed that almost 50% of the oil palm fruit waste converted into liquid product within 2 hours at 150°C with OPFW/PA ratio of 1/4. Biopolyol produced under different condition showed viscosities from 210 to 650 Pa.s. The result in this study may provide fundamental information on integrated utilization of oil palm fruit waste via biomass liquefaction process.
Investigation of Accuracy in Microdrilling with Minimum Quantity Lubrication
Authors: Ali Mohammad Yeakub , Sulaiman Farhana , Banu Asfana , Abdul Rahman Mohamed , Al Hazza Muataz Hazza Faizi
Published: January 2017

Cutting fluid plays an important role in machining processes to achieve dimensional accuracy, reduce tool wear, and improve tool life. Use of flood cooling conventionally used in machining is not cost effective and consumption of huge amount of cutting fluids is not health and environmental friendly. Therefore, one of the alternatives is to use minimum quantity of lubrication (MQL) in machining process. MQL is eco-friendly and has economical advantage on manufacturing cost. Study of the effects of MQL on burrs and aspect ratio should be carried out because burrs and aspect ratio are important issues in microdrilled parts used as microfluidic channels in bio-medical applications. In case of micromachining, flood cooling is not recommended to avoid any possible damage of the microstructures. As a result alternative solutions are sought. This paper investigates and compares burrs and aspect ratio in dry microdrilling and microdrilling with the presence of MQL on aluminium alloy 1100. The relationship among tool diameter, feed rate, and spindle speed on the area affected by burrs and drilled hole aspect ratio are analysed. The values of aspect ratio for both conditions show that there is slight improvement on aspect ratio in MQL over dry drilling. MQL has significant influence on affected area by burrs. It is observed that low spindle speed, high feed rate, and bigger drill diameter should be used along with MQL to reduce burrs.
Oil Palm Fiber Vinylester Composite; Effect of Bleaching Treatment
Authors: Nabinejad Omid , Debnath Sujan , Mohsen Taheri Mohammad
Published: January 2017

The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of chemical treatment on the flexural properties of the composite. Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fibers (OPEFB) reinforced Vinylester composite were prepared in this study. Soxhlet extraction together with sodium hypochlorite bleaching methods was used for chemical treatment. The diameter of fibers was reduced from a range of 250-350 μm to 10-15 μm by treatment. Shape and texture of the fibers transformed from solid brown colored strings into a white gel. Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) test was carried to investigate the effect of treatment on the thermal properties of natural fibers. Vinylester composites were fabricated using untreated and bleached OPEFB fibers. The bending test results showed the bleached fibers displayed greater flexural properties compared to untreated fibers, where the time of bleaching was an important factor in the treatment process.
Sustainable and Eco-Friendly Vege Roofing Tiles: An Innovative Bio-Composite
Authors: Habib Noor Zainab , Nadeem Humayun , Ng Choon Aun , Zoorob Salah Elias , Mustaffa Zahiraniza
Published: January 2017

This paper presents a research study conducted on the usage of vegetable oil for the production of eco-friendly Vege roofing tiles. Conventional roofing tiles which constitute of concrete and clay are considered as environmentally unfriendly because of the significant amount of greenhouse gas emission during their production. An entirely novel methodology of utilizing catalyzed vegetable oil is proposed which can totally replace the use of traditional binders like cement and clay. Limited trails conducted on prototypes samples revealed that when catalyzed vegetable oil mixed with aggregates, properly compacted and heat cured at 190oC for 24 hours, have shown flexural strength up to 9.5 MPa. The superior strength gain of these prototype samples was considered due to the use of the catalyst with vegetable oil, which resulted in the initiation of catalytic oxy-polymerization set of reactions during heat curing, converting vegetable oil to solid, hard polymer which is considered responsible for strength achievement factor for these novel Vege roofing tiles. All prototypes samples were tested for performance indicators like water absorption, permeability, and flexural strength according to ASTM standards. Moreover, the susceptibility of oil leachate from the tiles oil, when tested using electrical conductivity method showed a negligible amount of the electrical conductivity. Moreover, the estimated embodied energy requirements for these tiles were found quite less when compared to conventional tiles.
Melted Zone Shapes Transformation in Titanium Alloy Welded Using Pulse Wave Laser
Authors: Mohid Zazuli , Rafai N.H. , Ibrahim Mohd Rasidi , Rahim E.A.
Published: January 2017

The study demonstrates laser welding of titanium alloy Ti6Al4V using middle range power Nd:YAG laser. Butt welding cross section views were analyzed to understand the influence of several scanning parameters to the welding beads shapes and material characteristic changes. Pulse laser was used to perform welding on titanium alloys Ti6Al4V. It was found out that fusion zone can appear in two layers which could give clues to internal temperature distribution during the scanning process.
Mobile learning practices and preferences a way forward in enhancing dental education learning experience
Authors: Manakil Jane , George Roy
Published: January 2017

Objective: To explore undergraduate dental students′ mobile technological preferences and their use in learning and patient management in dentistry. Materials and Methods: An online survey questionnaire (62 Questions in five parts) was designed to investigate the impact of mobile technology in dental education amongst the Bachelor in Dental Science and Graduate Dental Science (1st-5th year) students, at the School of Dentistry, Griffith University, Australia. Participation was voluntary. Results: In total, 251 dental students consented to participate in the study. The majority of participants were in the age group of 18-25 (65.3%). Mobile devices were used by 93.2% of the respondents for various activities including for educational purposes. Laptops and smartphones′ ownership was almost similar; however, 75.7% favoured laptop as the primary device for resource storage, study, research, and organization of study materials. Social media were used by 52% of the 5th year respondents for studies and course-related activities. Majority of the students (78.8%) indicated that mobile devices with their software applications could positively assist in patient education and management; however, the relative lack of user-friendly quality applications meant that only 15%-25% of students used software applications for these purposes. Conclusion: The large student ownership of mobile devices and increased interest in its use to enhance learning experiences should encourage universities and software developers to funding research into mobile learning.
Oral health knowledge and practice among 9-12-year-old schoolchildren in the region of Madinah, Saudi Arabia, and its impact on the prevalence of dental caries
Authors: Al-Samadani Khalid H. , Ahmad Mohammad Sami , Bakeer Hala Abdelrahman , Elanbya May Osman Gamar
Published: January 2017

Background: Dental caries is one of the most common dental disorders affecting from all over the globe. Dental caries affects 60%-90% of schoolchildren in most developed countries, and in several developing countries, the prevalence rates are increasing. Objective: To know oral health knowledge and practice among 9-12-year-old schoolchildren and its relation with dental caries. Methods: This is a questionnaire-based cross-sectional studies conducted from September 20, 2015, to January 27, 2016, selecting four male and four female primary schools. Two calibrated examiners examined the students under the normal light with mirror and probe. Results: A total of 276 (92%) were included in this cross-sectional study. There were 118 (43%) were males and 158 (57%) were females with mean age of 10.61 years and having mean Decayed, Missing, and Filled Tooth/decayed, missing, and filled tooth (DMFT/dmft) 1.47/1.78 in male and 1.69/5.34 in female. Three-quarters of the sample (75%) reported to cleaning their teeth at least once per day, and >95% reported using a toothbrush and toothpaste. The mean DMFT/dmft and D/d scores of female were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that of the males. The mean dmft and all the components decreased with age, and there was a significant association (P < 0.01) between oral health knowledge and the caries status. Children with a higher DMFT/dmft score tended to have poor oral health knowledge compared to those with low DMFT/dmft scores. Conclusion: Poor oral health knowledge contributes major role in the prevalence of dental caries in both male and female. In female higher DMFT/dmft was observed in spite of having good oral health knowledge.
Quasi-Static Linear Thermo-Viscoelastic Process with Irregular Viscous Dissipation
Authors: Messelmi Farid , Merouani Abdelbaki , Abdelaziz Hicham
Published: January 2017

We consider a mathematical model which describes the quasi-static evolution of a thermo-viscoelastic linear body with taking into account the effects of internal forces which generate a non linear viscous dissipative function. We derive a variational formulation of the system of equilibrium equation and energy equation. An existence result of weak solutions was obtained in an appropriate function space.
Finite Element Solution for MHD Flow of Nanofluids with Heat and Mass Transfer through a Porous Media with Thermal Radiation, Viscous Dissipation and Chemical Reaction Effects
Authors: Hussain Shafqat
Published: January 2017

In this paper, the problem of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) boundary layer flow of nanofluid with heat and mass transfer through a porous media in the presence of thermal radiation, viscous dissipation and chemical reaction is studied. Three types of nanofluids, namely Copper (Cu)-water, Alumina (Al2O3)-water and Titanium Oxide (TiO2)-water are considered. The governing set of partial differential equations of the problem is reduced into the coupled nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by means of similarity transformations. Finite element solution of the resulting system of nonlinear differential equations is obtained using continuous Galerkin-Petrov discretization together with the well-known shooting technique. The obtained results are validated using MATLAB “bvp4c” function and with the existing results in the literature. Numerical results for the dimensionless velocity, temperature and concentration profiles are obtained and the impact of various physical parameters such as the magnetic parameterM, solid volume fraction of nanoparticles 𝜙 and type of nanofluid on the flow is discussed. The results obtained in this study confirm the idea that the finite element method (FEM) is a powerful mathematical technique which can be applied to a large class of linear and nonlinear problems arising in different fields of science and engineering.
Hamiltonian Boundary Value Method for the Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation and the Korteweg-de Vries Equation
Authors: Song Mingzhan , Qian Xu , Zhang Hong , Song Songhe
Published: January 2017

In this paper, we introduce the Hamiltonian boundary value method (HBVM) to solve nonlinear Hamiltonian PDEs. We use the idea of Fourier pseudospectral method in spatial direction, which leads to the finite-dimensional Hamiltonian system. The HBVM, which can preserve the Hamiltonian effectively, is applied in time direction. Then the nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation and the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation are taken as examples to show the validity of the proposed method. Numerical results confirm that the proposed method can simulate the propagation and collision of different solitons well. Meanwhile the corresponding errors in Hamiltonian and other intrinsic invariants are presented to show the good preservation property of the proposed method during long-time numerical calculation.
A Hybrid Dynamic Mesh Generation Method for Multi-Block Structured Grid
Authors: Chen Hao , Lu Zhiliang , Guo Tongqing
Published: January 2017

In this paper, a hybrid dynamic mesh generation method for multi-block structured grid is presented based on inverse distance weighting (IDW) interpolation and transfinite interpolation (TFI). The major advantage of the algorithm is that it maintains the effectiveness of TFI, while possessing the ability to deal with multi-block structured grid from the IDW method. In this approach, dynamic mesh generation is made in two steps. At first, all domain vertexes with known deformation are selected as sample points and IDW interpolation is applied to get the grid deformation on domain edges. Then, an arc-length-based TFI is employed to efficiently calculate the grid deformation on block faces and inside each block. The present approach can be well applied to both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) problems. The proposed method has been well-validated by several test cases. Numerical results show that dynamic meshes with high quality can be generated in an accurate and efficient manner.
Effect of Nonuniform Grids on High-Order Finite Difference Method
Authors: Xu Dan , Deng Xiaogang , Chen Yaming , Wang Guangxue , Dong Yidao
Published: January 2017

The finite difference (FD) method is popular in the computational fluid dynamics and widely used in various flow simulations. Most of the FD schemes are developed on the uniform Cartesian grids; however, the use of nonuniform or curvilinear grids is inevitable for adapting to the complex configurations and the coordinate transformation is usually adopted. Therefore the question that whether the characteristics of the numerical schemes evaluated on the uniform grids can be preserved on the nonuniform grids arises, which is seldom discussed. Based on the one-dimensional wave equation, this paper systematically studies the characteristics of the high-order FD schemes on nonuniform grids, including the order of accuracy, resolution characteristics and the numerical stability. Especially, the Fourier analysis involving the metrics is presented for the first time and the relation between the resolution of numerical schemes and the stretching ratio of grids is discussed. Analysis shows that for smooth varying grids, these characteristics can be generally preserved after the coordinate transformation. Numerical tests also validate our conclusions.
Incidencia y Características del Trauma Raquimedular en un Hospital de III Nivel, Bogotá 2011–2014
Authors: Teherán Aníbal Alfonso , Castro Oscar Javier , Frade Leonardo Laverde
Published: January 2017

Objetivo

La incidencia de Trauma Raquimedular (TRM) para Latinoamérica es estimada a partir de registros epidemiológicos de Brasil, por lo que decidimos medir la incidencia, distribución y características relacionadas con el TRM en una institución referente de III nivel.

Materiales y métodos

Se realizó un estudio descriptivoretrospectivo de pacientes atendidos durante 5 años en un Hospital de III nivel. Se estimó la incidencia mensual/anual de TRM (Io-TRM, IC95%), se caracterizaron por variables sociodemográficas y clínicas, entre ellas: Condiciones al ingreso, clasificación de la lesión (AO, ASIA) y seguimiento funcional a 6 meses. Se realizó un análisis multivariado (ACM), para identificar variables relacionadas con mejoría funcional a los 6 meses.

Resultados

Se identificaron 174 casos, edad mediana 45 años, hombres 75,3%; 70% se accidentó durante su actividad laboral, ninguno con un seguro de accidentes laborales. La Io-TRM del periodo fue 1,34 casos/100 personas-año (IC95%;1,51–1,55). La estancia hospitalaria mediana fue 12 días, con diferencias al estratificar por la clasificación AO, ASIA-ingreso, tipo de manejo (médico/quirúrgico) y manejo en UCI (p: 0,000). La caída de altura y los accidente de tránsito, fueron la causa principal (88,5%;IC95%, 83,5–93,5%); los traumas lumbares/torácicos se presentaron en 75,3% de los casos; el ASIA-ingreso fue D o E en 75% de los pacientes. Se identificó relación entre la mejoría a 6 meses y las categorías D y C, según las clasificaciones ASIA y AO, respectivamente.

Conclusión

La Io-TRM del HUS fue relativamente mayor que la de otras series locales, la EH se relacionó con el tipo/lugar de tratamiento y severidad de la lesión, esta última determinó la mejoría a los 6 meses.

Importancia clínica

Se requiere crear un sistema de vigilancia, ajustado a modelos internacionales para medir el impacto real de esta patología.

How to cite this article

Teherán AA, Castro OJ, Frade LL. Incidencia y Características del Trauma Raquimedular en un Hospital de III Nivel, Bogotá 2011–2014. Panam J Trauma Crit Care Emerg Surg 2016;5(3):140-147.
A Bread Bag Clip causing Small Bowel Perforation diagnosed on Computed Tomography
Authors: Coventry Charles , Bautz Peter
Published: January 2017

Foreign body ingestion is common, and few result in complications. Plastic bread bag clips are an exception, however, and have been associated with small bowel perforation, upper gastrointestinal bleeding and even fatalities.

An 85 year-old woman presented with abdominal pain. She was found to have tenderness on abdominal palpation. She underwent an abdominal CT scan, which demonstrated a plastic bread bag clip as the cause of a contained small bowel perforation. A midline laparotomy and small bowel resection with primary anastomosis was performed.

Plastic bread bag clips are a rare cause of small bowel perforation. Elderly patients with dentures are at particular risk of ingesting such clips. This case report describes a rare situation where a clip is identified on preoperative imaging as the cause of a contained small bowel perforation.

How to cite this article

Coventry C, Bautz P. A Bread Bag Clip causing Small Bowel Perforation diagnosed on Computed Tomography. Panam J Trauma Crit Care Emerg Surg 2016;5(3):169-171.