bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Prioritas Pengembangan Sektor Industri Pengolahan di Kabupaten Mimika
Authors: Sari Yunita , Bakar Abu
Published: July 2022

This study aims to determine the sub-sector of the manufacturing industry that can be prioritized for development in Mimika Regency. In order to achieve these objectives, this research uses descriptive research methods. The data used in this study include GRDP data by business field based on 2010 constant prices in Mimika Regency and Papua Province during the 2016-2020 period which was collected through documentation techniques. To answer the formulation of this research problem, a combination of Klassen Typology and Location Quotient analysis is used. A sub-sector of the manufacturing industry in Mimika Regency is classified as a sub-sector that can be prioritized for its development as a driver of economic growth. The results of this study indicate that the sub-sector of the Textile and Apparel Industry, the sub-sector of the Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Traditional Medicine Industry, and the sub-sector of the Rubber Industry. Goods from Rubber and Plastics, sub-sector of Non-Metal Mining Goods Industry, Other Processing Industry sub-sector; Repair and installation of machinery and equipment services is a sub-sector of the manufacturing industry that can be prioritized for development in Mimika Regency
Empirical Analysis of Fish Consumption among Households in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: O.E. Okelola , D.A. Babalola
Published: July 2022

This work studies fish consumption among households in Lagos State. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 400 households from Lagos Island, Eti Osa, Surulere, Shomolu, Kosofe and Oshodi/Isolo Local Government Areas. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data needed for the study. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (multinomial logit model). The result indicated that the study area had more male-headed households (52.5%). The average monthly expenditure on fish by household was ₦3,640. The result of the descriptive statistics further shows that a large number of consumers had a preference for fresh fish (60.7%) and smoked fish (54.7%). The result of the multinomial result shows that Education, Age, mode of income, Gender and Household income were among the significant factors influencing households’ preference for the form of fish consumed. The study recommends the improvement of the market for fish by creating value through packaging processing and storage and better storage facilities are pertinent. This can be achieved by government provision of steady power supply and agro-processing industries which must be linked to production for household consumption.
Ken Saro-Wiwa as Symbol of Environmental Activism in Niger Delta Poetry
Authors: Aliyu Saeedat Bolajoko
Published: July 2022

Since the martyrdom of prominent Nigerian writer and environmental activist, Ken Saro-Wiwa by the then military government of Nigeria, the slain activist has attained the status of a symbol of activism in literary works. This paper seeks to explore how selected Nigerian poets engage the name and actions of Ken Saro-Wiwa in representing resistance and in sensitising and rallying the people to demand their rights to basic amenities and safer environments to live in. This is the cause for which Saro-Wiwa lost his life. Three collections of poems have been purposively selected for a qualitative and sociological investigation of the deployment of Ken Saro-Wiwa as a symbol of environmental struggle and of selflessness for the advancement of the common good. The collections are Ojaide’s Delta Blues and Homesongs, Ibiwari Ikiriko’s Oily Tears of the Delta, and Ogaga Ifowodo’s The Oil Lamp. This study finds that while Ken Saro-Wiwa is deployed as a symbol of environmental activism, poets extend what his life and name represent to advance the agitation against the mismanagement of the environment and people of the Niger-Delta region. The study also reveals that Saro-Wiwa is an inspiration for writers to critically commit to advocacy that advances not just the good of society, but their art. This paper concludes that Ken Saro-Wiwa has become a source of inspiration for writers’ commitment to the Niger-Delta environment and a symbol to encourage activism against the continued despoliation of the region.
Katugampola kinetic fractional equation with its solution
Authors: MİTTAL Ekta , SHARMA Diksha , PROHİT Sunil Dutt
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this research is to investigate the result of Katugampola kinetic fractional equations containing the first kind of generalized Bessel's function. This paper considers the manifold generality of the first kind generalized Bessel's function in form of the solution of Katugampola kinetic fractional equations. The $\tau$ Laplace transform technique is used to obtain the result. In addition, a graphical representation is included for viewing the behavior of the gained solutions.
Ending Lacewing Acres: Toward amplifying microperspectives on farm closure
Authors: Dubisar Abby , Slocum Julia
Published: July 2022

Farmers are invited to tell stories about their farms, especially about their farm’s origin and history. However, some farm stories go untold, are unin­vited, or become obscured, including stories of farm closures. With this case study, we invite jour­nalists and academics to provide further opportuni­ties for farmers to tell their own closure stories. Written by the farmer and her CSA member and friend, who researches farmer communication, this case study calls on farmers to tell their farm-closure stories in the complicated and robust ways such stories deserve. We draw on ­academic and public scholarship about farm closures and farmers’ dis­closures to feature how one farmer decided to end her farm and farming career. We chronicle her decision-making process and her strategies to com­municate the closure of her farm, as well as analyze themes from how audiences reacted to her news. We also offer a range of reasons for inviting such telling of complex closure stories.
Aplicación integral de herbicidas mediante selector en cultivos de cacao en Sucumbíos - Ecuador
Authors:   Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Sede Sucumbíos, Nueva Loja EC210150, Ecuador, Guamán Ilvis Greace Viviana , Andrade Yarpas Marcelo David ,   Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Sede Sucumbíos, Nueva Loja EC210150, Ecuador, Carrera Oscullo Pablo Danilo ,   Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Sede Orellana, Research Group YASUNI-SDC, El Coca EC220202, Ecuador, Taco Ugsha Miguel Ángel ,   Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito EC170145, Ecuador
Published: July 2022

La flora arvense o maleza limita el rendimiento en la producción agrícola del cacao (Theobroma cacao). Sin embargo, dentro de los agroecosistemas también se encuentran arvenses nobles benéficas para el sistema agrícola y el medioambiente, lo cual hace necesario un control de arvenses selectivo e integral. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el efecto de varios herbicidas aplicados con un selector de arvenses en el control de especies agresivas en plantaciones de cacao. La experimentación se realizó en la parroquia Jambelí, provincia de Sucumbíos. Previamente, se caracterizaron las especies de arvenses in-situ para después aplicar los herbicidas con el selector; estos fueron: dicloruro de paraquat, glifosato de isopropilamina y glufosinato de amonio, todos a una concentración del 10% v/v y conforme a un diseño completamente al azar (DCA) con 4 tratamientos y 4 repeticiones. El control de vegetación arvense se evaluó acorde a la escala de la Asociación Latinoamericana de Malezas (ALAM) con muestras tomadas acorde al método del cuadrante (1m x 1m). Los resultados obtenidos en la caracterización de la población arvense indicaron que las familias botánicas con mayor dominancia fueron: Poaceae (32 %), Cyperaceae (8 %), Euphorbiaceae (8 %) y Rubiaceae (8 %). Para el control de arvenses agresivas se determinó que los tratamientos con mayor eficacia fueron los de glufosinato de amonio (68.63 %) y glifosato de isopropilamina (64.62 %), mientras que el tratamiento de menor eficacia fue el de dicloruro de paraquat (45.78 %). La aplicación de herbicidas con la herramienta selectora de arvenses es una técnica eficaz e integral aplicable en cultivos de cacao.
Feto-Maternal Outcomes of Medical Induction of Labour in Post-Dated Pregnancies
Authors: Bukhari Rimsha Sadia , Ashraf Ayesha , Javed Muhammad , Khan Mohammad Mohsin
Published: July 2022

Objective: To determine the frequency of feto-maternal outcomes of medical induction of labor in post-dated pregnancies. Patients and Methods: A total number 216 pregnant females with post-dated pregnancy were included in this study. Data regarding baseline study variables such as age, and BMI was collected for each patient. In all patients, medical induction of labor was done. Induction of labor was done using amniotomy, oxytocin or prostaglandins were given as per-local protocol. Feto-maternal outcomes in-terms of perineal lacerations, cesarean section, PPH, APGAR and NICU admission were measured. Results: Mean age of patients included in this study was 29.10±4.78 years. Mean body mass index (BMI) of patients was 25.82±5.04 kg/m2. Vaginal delivery was done in 142 (65.74%) and C-section was done in 74 (34.26%) patients. Perineal laceration was occurred in 118 (54.63%) patients, PPH in 06 (2.78%), APGAR score < 7 in 08 (3.70%) and 17 (7.87%) neonates were admitted it NICU. Conclusion: Medical induction of labor in post-dated pregnancies is a valuable option. It is associated with minimal feto-maternal complications in these patients. Keywords: Post-dated pregnancies, feto-maternal outcomes, induction of labour.
Frequency and Pattern of GIT Anomalies in Neonates: A Retrospective Study at NICU Mayo Hospital Lahore
Authors: Bashir Muhammad Kashif , Javed Jamshaid , Ameer Rubab , Khan Rida Ajmal , Khan Hamna
Published: July 2022

Aim: To acknowledge magnitude and spectrum of congenital anomalies of gastrointestinal tract in neonates and to establish possible factors resulting in these congenital anomalies. Material And Methods: The design of this study was Retrospective observational study. This study was conducted at NICU department of pediatric surgery King Edward medical university / Mayo hospital Lahore from June 2021 to May 2022. Neonates admitted in NICU department of pediatric surgery with gastrointestinal congenital anomaly were included in this study. Neonates having congenital anomaly other than GIT were excluded. Patient information regarding diagnosis and possible cause of congenital anomaly was noted on prescribed proforma. Results: During the study period total 256 neonates were admitted in neonatal ICU department of pediatric surgery Mayo hospital Lahore. Out of these 156(60.9%) neonates were having congenital anomalies of gastrointestinal tract while reaming 100(39.1%) neonates were having congenital anomalies of other structures. Most common congenital anomaly of GIT was anorectal malformations 35(22.4%) followed by Intestinal atresia’s in 30(19.2%). Conclusion: Congenital anomalies play an important role in neonatal mortality rate of any developing country like Pakistan. Chromosomal disorders, environmental and infectious factors are major contributing factors. Gastrointestinal tract anomalies are the most common anomalies of neonates with predominance of anorectal malformations. Antenatal care and timely interventions can reduce frequency of these anomalies. Keywords: Congenital anomalies, gastrointestinal tract, pattern.
Comparing The Effect of Acromioclavicular and Sternoclavicular Joint Mobilization with and without Specific Active Exercises in Chronic Sub Acromial Impingement Syndrome: Randomized Control Trail
Authors: Asif Umara , Ahmad Shakeel , Akhtar Huma , Rehman Attiq Ur , Naqvi Sidra Ali , Anwar Farah , Waris Sadaf
Published: July 2022

Objectives: Shoulder Impingement Syndrome is one of the common musculoskeletal disorders. It leads to significant function restriction, pain and disability. Manual Physical therapy is a non-invasive risk-free approach for managing Sub-acromial Impingement Syndrome. The objective is to determine the effectiveness of Acromioclavicular and Sternoclavicular joint mobilization with and without specific active exercises in chronic sub-acromial impingement. Methodology: This Randomized control trail was conducted at Physical Therapy Department of Rawal Medical Point, Rawalpindi from November 2018 to February 2019. Inclusion criteria were both male and female patients with chronic shoulder pain for more than three months and age ranged between 30-55 years, while patients with history of trauma, bilateral shoulder pain, patients with RA, other systemic diseases and age less than 30 and greater than 55 were excluded. A total of 60 patients were selected in the study and were equally divided into two groups, i.e. A and B. Numeric Pain Rating Scale NPRS, Shoulder Pain and Disability Index SPADI, and Goniometry of Shoulder Range of Motion were used as assessment tools measured at baseline and at completion of 6week intervention. Data was analyzed through SPSS version 21. Results: Statistically the results of both techniques were significant (p<0.05) but Clinically the group of patients treated with acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joint mobilization with specific active exercises improved pain NPRS post-intervention 1.83±0.647, function SPADI score post-intervention 23.394±4.717 and more improvement in ROM as compared with the group of patients treated with acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joint mobilization alone having NPRS post-intervention 3.56±0.679 and SPADI score post-intervention 32.021±5.0962 showing improvement in pain and function with comparatively less improvement in ROM. Conclusion: It is concluded that if the patients with chronic sub-acromial impingement treated with acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joint mobilization with specific active exercises, will manage symptoms like pain, restricted ranges and functions more effectively than treated with acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joint mobilization alone. Keywords: shoulder pain, sub-acromial impingement, acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joint mobilization, specific active exercises, pain, range of motion.
Validity of Clinical Risk Index for Babies (CRIB) Score in Predicting the Neonatal Mortality
Authors: Rehman Abdul , Jamil Sana , Arshad Haseeb , Mushtaq Tayyaba , Shabir Amber , Afzal Asma
Published: July 2022

Objective: To determine the validity of Clinical Risk Index for Babies (CRIB) score in predicting the neonatal mortality in very preterm neonates. Methodology: The 145 patients enrolled in this study were registered from NICU of Children Hosp, Lahore, they were preterm neonates with gestational age of ≤ 32 weeks. We determined six parameters of CRIB score; gestational age, birth weight, any congenital malformation, minimum and maximum FiO2 requirementduring 1st 12 hours of life and maximum base excess during 1st 12 hours of life. All parameters were recorded and assigned an individual score base upon CRIB scoring chart. Total CRIB score was determined by adding individual score of each parameter. We reviewed thebabiesdaily in NICU till discharge or death. Results: Out of 145 patients, 52.4%(n=76)male and female were 47.59%(n=69). Congenital malformations were present in 6.21% (n=9), mortality in 36.55%(n=53). Mean gestational age was 29.90±1.70weeks, mean birth weight1147.52±190.21grams, mean maximum base excess during first 12h of life-8.04±3.92mmol/L, mean minimum appropriate FiO2 in first 12h34.38±13.02 %, mean maximum appropriate FiO2 in first 12h69.17±21.11 % and mean CRIB Score was 4.63±3.67. AUR curve was 0.816 and std. error was recorded as =0.039;p=0.000. Conclusion: Mortality in very preterm neonates can be accurately predicted by using CRIB score. Keywords: Very Preterm Babies, Neonatal Mortality, CRIB Score, Validity
Patient’s Perception about use of Personal Digital Assistants/ Smart Phones by Physiotherapists
Authors: Majeed Rabia , Batool Syeda Sabahat , Ilyas Tamknat , Khan Wajiha , Zehra Samer , Najeeb Momina , Mushtaq Irum
Published: July 2022

Background: Mobile phone is the need of present era in almost all fields of life. The demand of mobile phone has been increased thousand times because of emergence of smartphone. A smartphone works efficiently that it replaced computer systems and much more. Methodology: This study was a cross-sectional survey. It was completed in 4 months of duration. Data was collected from Public and private clinical setups having facility of outdoor physiotherapy services. Data was collected from physiotherapy patients. Both male and female physiotherapy patients aged between 15 to 70 were included in this study. Patients with cognitive impairments and not willing to participate or signing a consent were excluded from this study. Nonprobability Convenient sampling technique was used. The questionnaire has been adopted from previous literature. (11) Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 20.0). Data was analyzed in way that Numbers and percentages was calculated for demographics. Mean, standard deviation was calculated for total scores and continuous variables. Results: The result shows that 38.7% of the participants were male and 61.3% of the participants were females. The result shows education of the participants as 11.3% under metric, 10.7 % metric, 28.7% intermediate, 34% Bachelors, 12% Masters and 3.3% higher respectively. Moreover, the results of current study shows that 14.7% said no, 16% said don’t know and 69.3% said yes about knowledge of performance of your doctor on this device: Information look up. The result shows that 19.3% said no, 14% said don’t know and 66.7% said yes about knowledge of performance of your doctor on this device: Look up information about how to treat an illness. Conclusion: There found a moderate to high level of positive perception regarding use of personal digital assistants/ smart phones by physiotherapists. Furthermore, there found a direct correlation between knowledge and perception of smart devices i.e., higher knowledge, more positive the perception found. Keywords: Patient’s Perception, Physiotherapy Patients, Personal Digital Assistants, Smart Phones.
Efficacy and Role of CT Urography in Investigating Hematuria Among Local Population of Pakistan
Authors: Malik Farooq , Iqbal Muhammad Nauman , Farid Tauheed , Sohu Safiullah , Khalid Aisha , Ullah Inam
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Hematuria is a common urologic finding in young adults, reported in 0.3–38.7% of adults in population-based studies. Objectives: The main objective of the study is to find the role of CT urography in investigating hematuria among local population of Pakistan. Material and methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore during June 2020 to July 2021. Fifty patients with hematuria from the hospital OPD provided the data for this study. Results: Most common age group for hematuria was 31-45 years which constituted 41% of the study group and least common age group was 61-75 years constitutes 16%. Thirty-eight women and twelve men took part. Urinary obstruction was caused most frequently by renal, ureteric or both stone disease, which was found in 75.0% of group A patients and 65.0% of those in group B, as shown in table 01. Conclusion: It is concluded that CT urography is useful in detecting urolithiasis, nephrographic phase mostly useful for upper urinary tract pathologies and pyelographic phases are useful for detecting lower urinary tract pathologies. Keywords: Patients, Hematuria, Urolithiasis, Urography
Increased Chronic Urothelial Inflammation and its Association with Urinary Tract Infection
Authors: Farid Tauheed , Ahmad Ibrahim , Rehman Mati Ur , Malik Farooq , Sohu Safiullah , , Iqbal Qurat-Ul-Ain
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Inflammation of the bladder can be due to both noninfectious and infectious etiologies. The most common cause of infectious cystitis has been Escherichia coli. Objectives: The basic aim of the study is to find the increased chronic urothelial inflammation and its association with urinary tract infection. Material and methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in Ganga Ram hospital, Lahore during June 2020 to December 2020. The data was collected from 50 patients. Bladder symptoms and lower urinary tract conditions were investigated. All patients were treated actively according to the latest urine culture and followed by antimicrobial prophylaxis for at least 1 month. Results: The data was collected from 50 patients. The mean age was 45± 3.56 years for male and 52.3 ± 8.89 years for females. The analysis of data shows the differences in urodynamic variables between the control subjects and the ESRD/CKD patients. Conclusion: It is concluded from our study that increased urothelial inflammation and apoptosis and decreased cell expression were found in patients with ESRD/CKD.
Response of Medical Professional Towards Subsequent Communication, Patient Emotion and Visit Length
Authors: Zaidi Sabahat Ali , Zamir Shamaila , Javaid Muhammad Faisal , Ali Sundas , Zehra Maheen , Shaikh Gul Muhammad
Published: July 2022

Objective: This study was designed to explore the association between the responses of clinician towards the emotional expression of patients which effect the length of patient’s visit in public hospital as the flow of patients is more in public hospitals and clinicians have to manage according to the time as well. Method: This exploratory research was conducted in a public sector tertiary care hospital in Lahore. Data was collected in the form of audio recordings which are transcribed and coded in terms of emotional expression of patients and empathetic response of clinicians. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25. Descriptive statistics was used to report gender and age of patients as well as clinicians. Pearson correlation was used to explore the association between emotional expression of patients and empathetic response of clinician. Association of subsequent emotional expression of patients was also explored in terms of length of visit and clinicians’ response. Results: The results revealed that the timing of emotional expression of patients (single time) has a positive relationship with the empathetic response of clinicians (r= 0.67, P=.001) and the timing of subsequent emotional expression of patients has a negative relationship with the empathetic response of clinicians (r= -0.93, P=.000). Conclusion: The clinician respond empathetically on emotional expression of patient can help in reducing the subsequent expression of emotions among patients, ultimately visit length will be reduced. Keywords: Visit length, Emotional expression, Empathy, Clinical setup
Reflective Thinking Assessment Among Doctor of Physical Therapist(DPT) Students at Riphah International University
Authors: Rafique Saba , Shabbir Maryam , Mehjabeen Hafiza , Azam Sumera , Arif Sans , Riaz Nishat , Waris Sadaf
Published: July 2022

Background: Reflection is the Latin origins means to turn back or to bend. Reflection in the educational context can be considered as a process in which thoughts are ‘turned back’ so that they can be interpreted or analyzed. The trigger to this sense-making process is usually an event or situation and the outcome of the process is increased understanding or awareness. Objectives: The objective of this study is to assess the reflective thinking among doctor of physical therapy students (DPT) at Riphah international university. Methodology: This observational cross-sectional study was done at Riphah international university Lahore and was compiled at RCRS Lahore. Study was completed in 6 months after approval of synopsis. Non probability, convenience sampling was used. Sample size was calculated to be 120.The response rate was 95%. Questionnaire for reflective thinking was used to find out the level of thinking in DPT students. Results: There was significant difference within each semester and between first to eight semesters. But differences were not increases or decreases gradually. According to data collected from different students at Riphah international university the value of habitual behavior is 0.00 which is significant, value of understanding value is also 0.00, value of reflection is 0.005 and value of critical reflection is also significant 0.000. Conclusion: Current study found that reflective thinking can be develop by individuals but guided reflection with a supervisor or mentor is important so that it will gradually increases from 1st to 8th semester. Keywords: Assessment QRT, reflective thinking, critical reflection, habitual behavior, understanding.
Thrombocytopenia in Cases Presenting with Chronic Liver Disease Due to Hepatitis C Virus
Authors: Qayyum Anoosh , Choudhary Adeel Khalid , Altaf Maheen , Iqbal Sarwat , Noureen Aqsa , Rasheed Saima
Published: July 2022

Objectives: record the rate of thrombocytopenia in cases presenting with chronic liver disease(CLD) due to Hepatitis C virus. Methodology: A total of 300 patients who were diagnosed with CLD caused by HCV and were over the age of 18 were part of this trial. The enroleld cases were admitted from Deptt. of Medicine, Rawalpindi Medical University. All patients diagnosed using AST, ALT levels of liver function test and reported by the radiologist was labeled as havign CLD. A thrombocyte count and an ELISA test for HCV were performed on the blood sample that was supplied to the laboratory from patients who had been diagnosed with CLD to determine presence/absence of thrombocytopenia. Results: Patients were in majority in age group 41-60 yrs i.e. 62%(n=186), mean age 42.63+8.57 yrs, 60 percent males (n=180) and there are 40 percent female subjects (n=120). Thrombocytopenia was found in 26 percent of CLD patients (n=78), while 74 percent of CLD patients (n=222) did not have any signs of thrombocytopenia. Conclusion: Higher rate of thrombocytopenia was observed in CLD cases due to hepatitis C virus. It needs attention for its early detection and management. Keywords: Chronic liver disease, hepatitis C virus, thrombocytopenia, HCV, CLD
Change in Central Macular Thickness on OCT after Pan Retinal Photocoagulation
Authors: Shahid Muhammad Hamza , Rashid Faisal , Tauqeer Saba , Ali Rabab , Farooq Muhammad Talha , Aleem Nouman
Published: July 2022

Background: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy is the proliferation of retinal neo vessels due to uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and long duration of this disease that leads to advance diabetic eye disease . proliferative diabetic retinopathy is treated by pan retinal photocoagulation which reduces retinal oxygen demand by retinal photocoagulation. Retinal photocoagulation leads to the laser tissue interaction called thermal damage leading to coagulative necrosis of the retinal pigment epithelial cells as these cells contain melanin a dark pigment that has the ability to absorb light energy in argon laser spectrum. Objective: To determine the mean change in central macular thickness after pan retinal photocoagulation on optical coherence tomography of the macula in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy . Material & Methods: Our study was a Quasi experimental study conducted at Department of Ophthalmology, Services Hospital Lahore for duration of six months from April 2021 to September 2021. In this study 40 eyes from 40 patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy were selected who underwent pan retinal photocoagulation in one sessions with 1500 burn marks. Patients in the age group of 15 to 70 years, male and female, with proliferative diabetic retinopathy in at least one eye with no history of ocular surgery or ocular trauma in last one year were included in this study . Optical coherence tomography of macula was performed before and four weeks after the session of pan retinal photocoagulation. CMT (central macular thickness) was measured for mean change in central macular thickness. Results: In this study , the mean age of patients was 48.68±1.52 years, and gender ratio of female to male patients was 1:0.77,The mean CMT before start of treatment that was considered as baseline was 230.55±5.0 and the mean CMT value after four weeks of pan retinal photocoagulation was 238.50±6.43. (p-value=0.001) Conclusion: No significant change in CMT was found from baseline CMT to four weeks after pan retinal photocoagulation. Keywords: Optical coherence tomography, pan retinal photocoagulation, Central Macular Thickness, proliferative diabetic retinopathy
Efficacy and safety of rituximab as second-line therapy in immune thrombocytopenic purpura based on ethnicity: A descriptive study among the Arabic population
Authors: Ata Fateen , Yousaf Zohaib , Zahir Fathima Z. , Mohamed Babiker Anas , Ali Farooqi Amer , Ahmad Al Hiyari Mousa , Al Bozom Adel Issam , Mohamed Ahmed Hatim. , Nashwan Abdulqadir J. , Yassin Mohamed A.
Published: July 2022

Background: Rituximab is used as second-line therapy in patients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) who do not respond to first-line management. The response rate for Rituximab is variable in different populations ranging from 30% to 90%. The adverse effects of rituximab in patients with ITP range from infusion site reactions to the reactivation of hepatitis B virus and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and interpopulation variation.

Methods: We conducted a single-center, retrospective study in Qatar's National Center for Cancer Care & Research. The study included patients with chronic refractory ITP who received rituximab as second-line therapy. Descriptive and summary statistics were used to describe the sociodemographic parameters of the study cohort.

Results: Of the 41 patients with chronic ITP, 26 were Arabs, 12 were Asians, and 3 were of other ethnicities. Rituximab was associated with an overall response rate of 80.4%. Arabic patients had the highest clinical response (84.6%) among the ethnicities with the lowest adverse effects (11.5%). Asians had a response rate of 66.6%, and adverse effects were seen in 16.7% of the patients.

Conclusions: In chronic refractory ITP, rituximab appears to have a better clinical response in the Arabic population with minimal toxicity than in other ethnicities.
Dimensions of Personality Traits and Innovative Behaviour of Private Secondary School Owners in Ogun East Senatorial District, Ogun State
Authors: Abosede Subuola C. , Bukki Abolaji , Safrurat Ajani , Iheanyichukwu Temidayo
Published: July 2022

This study examined the dimensions of personality traits and innovative behaviour of Private secondary school owners / managers in Ogun East Senatorial District, Ogun State. A survey research design was adopted for the study. The sample comprised of three hundred respondents. Random and purposive sampling techniques were employed to select the sample. The results revealed that the dimensions of personality traits - Openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion and agreeableness had influence on innovative behaviour of private school owners; there was no significant influence of neuroticism as dimension of personality traits on innovative behaviour of respondent. Based on the findings of the study, the following recommendations among others were made. Private school owners should improve on their personality traits and attitude towards innovative behaviour and the Ministry of Education and Association of Private School Owners should constantly be organizing workshops and seminars on how school owners can channel their personality traits towards boosting their innovative behaviour in order to meet up with their objectives.
cross-sectional study of paper grip test as an additional test for early-stage screening of the feet in patients with diabetes
Authors: Manvitha Nadella , Manthappa M , Adarsh L S , Varsha Tandure , Subhash Chandra B J
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Studies have shown that foot deformities such as claw foot, hammer toes can occur due to paralysis of intrinsic muscles of the feet which in turn pose a high risk for foot ulcerations, gait disturbances and falls alongside decreased sensations of the foot. Current guidelines for the screening of diabetic foot involves testing for sensations of the foot by the Semmes Weinstein Monofilament (SWM) test but testing for intrinsic muscle weakness is not done routinely. Based on available literature, onset of structural changes of the foot occurs earlier than loss of sensations hence this study was undertaken to identify intrinsic muscle weakness of the feet using a simple, test called Paper Grip test (PGT) in diabetics with normal sensations of the feet. Methodology:  An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in JSS Hospital from November 2018 to September 2020 involving diabetic patients visiting Medicine OPD and admitted patients meeting inclusion criteria of this study. Necessary ethical clearance from the institutional ethics committee of JSS medical college was obtained. Functional status of intrinsic muscles of the foot was tested by PGT and the sensations of the sole of the foot was assessed by SWM.
Comparative evaluation of root filling after obturation with gutta-percha and 3 different sealers of minimally instrumented root canals of the maxillary second molar
Authors: Singh Richa , Sawhny Asheesh , Hora Baljeet Singh , Paul Saurav , Sarkar Debajit , Vizo Viketounuo
Published: July 2022

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the superiority of root fillings made with three different sealers after minimal instrumentation of maxillary Second Molar root canals utilising a modified single-cone method. The specimens were separated into three groups and filled with a size-fit gutta-percha master cone and Sealmax-R (MAARC), Ah Plus (Dentsply), and MTA Plus (PrevestDenpro) sealers. Before and after instrumentation, post-Gentle Wave, and after obturation, micro–computed tomographic images were collected. Starting at the top of the root, the mesiobuccal roots of the selected teeth were sectioned in 0.5-mm intervals. Light microscope was used to examine the cross sections. Results: In all three groups, was filled to 90%–99% of the canal space. Sealmax-R and Ah Plus groups used more filler material on average than MTA Plus group (P <.05). Apical, middle, and coronal thirds showed no significant differences. Cross-sectional scans indicated no obvious gaps in the Sealmax-R groups. After instrumentation, hard tissue debris was discovered in the root canal system in 49 of the 189 canal thirds (25.9%). After Gentle Wave cleaning, only 4 of 63 canals (6.3%) and 4 of 189 canal thirds (2.1%) contained debris.
Establishing the microbiological and clinical profile in subjects having a diabetic foot in Indian healthcare centre
Authors: Dhumale Annasaheb J. , Mullick Tanjib Hassan , Farha Farha , Rangari Amit A.
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Proper management of diabetic foot infections needs identification and isolation of associated pathogens along with a selection of appropriate antibiotic therapy based on culture and sensitivity. Aims and Objectives: The present study was conducted to assess the prevalence, microbiologic, and clinical profile of subjects having diabetic feet. Materials and Methods: The present retrospective clinical study assessed bacterial culture on tissue samples, pus swabs, and bacterial pus isolates from subjects with diabetic foot admitted to the institute. Results: Enterococcus spp was seen in one subject with Grade 3 disease, streptococcus spp was seen in 1 subject with Grade 3 disease and 2 subjects with Grade 4 disease, and in a total of 3.40% (n=3) subjects, MRSA was seen in 1 subject of Grade 2 disease, 1 in grade 3, and 3 subjects with grade 4 disease, and total of 5.68% (n=5) study subjects and staphylococcus aureus was seen in 2 subjects with grade 1 disease, 2 subjects with grade 3 disease, 4 subjects with grade 4 disease, and 1 subject with grade 5 disease, and in a total of 10.22% (n=9) study subjects.
Hypervirulent (hypermucoviscosity) Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from clinical samples in Al-Diwaniyah Hospital
Authors: Al-Zayadi Amir , Al Mayahi Firas
Published: July 2022

Klebsiella pneumoniae is not only one of the major pathogens acquired from hospital, but it is also one of the pathogens transmitted through urine samples that causes the liver Abscesses, blood poisoning, diarrhea. The study aimed to isolate the Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (Hvkp) bacteria from clinical samples in Al-Diwaniyah city / Iraq. And evaluation of the efficiency of some antibiotics in inhibiting isolates. The study extended from January to mid-April. A total of 50 isolates identified as Klebsiella pneumonia using traditional biochemical tests, Of them, 13 isolates were hypervirulent, with a percentage of 26% of the studied isolates. A drug sensitivity test was conducted for 10 antibiotics and they were as follows (Amoxicillin – clavulanat, Cefotaxime, Ceftazidime, Ceftriaxone, Cefoxitin, Imipenem, Meropenem, Azteronam, Amikacin and Gentamicin) The ratio of resistance to an antibody Amoxicillin – clavulanat have reached 50% While the percentage of resistance to  Cefotaxime 46%  While the percentage of resistance to Ceftazidime 56% While the percentage of resistance Ceftriaxone 60%   While the percentage of resistance to Cefoxitin, Imipenem, Meropenem, Azteronam, Amikacin and Gentamicin Straight (56% , 20% ,26% , 40% , 46%, 56%).
GCF levels of human beta defensins 1and 3 in diabetic and non diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis
Authors: Sharma Himani , Parathasarathy Harinath , Ponnaiyan Deepa , Tadepalli Anupama , Kumar Gayathri , Varma Paras
Published: July 2022

Background: Human beta defensins (HβDs) expression in healthy tissues may aid in preventing the onset and/or progression of inflammatory disease.Type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM) and periodontal disease encompass inflammatory changes. HβDs in periodontitis patients is differentially regulated by periodontal pathogens, commensal organisms, host derived factors and   inflammatory mediators. Additionally hyperglycaemia might influence this inflammatory state. Aim: To evaluate the role of the expression of human beta-defensin 1 and 3 levels in gingival crevicular fluid samples of gingivitis and chronic periodontitis patients with various glycaemic status. Methods and Material: In this study a total number of 140 patients were divided into five groups (Group I-V) consisted of 28 patients under each group. Group I consisted of 28 Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (DM) patients with well controlled glycemic status (> 6.5 <7%HbA1C) and chronic periodontitis(CP),Group II compromised of 28 type 2 DM-CP patients(7-8% HbA1C),Group III had 28 Type 2 DM-CP patients (>8%HbA1C).The concentrations of HβD-1 and HβD-3 were estimated using ELISA. Results: HβD-1 and 3 levels are higher in gingivitis subjects than periodontitis. Significantly higher levels of HβD-3 expression were found in the healthy tissues compared to the diseased ones.
clinico-demographic profile of hypertensive retinopathy cases in a tertiary care hospital of South Odisha, India
Authors: Panda Sarita , Padhi Santosh Kumar , Rath Saroj Shekhar , Mahapatra Swapna , Panda Prangya
Published: July 2022

Objective: To evaluate clinico-demographic profile of hypertensive retinopathy cases in a tertiary care hospital of South Odisha, India. Materials and methods: This was a Cross-sectional study conducted in the department of Ophthalmology, SLN Medical College, Koraput (Odisha) from July 2021 to February 2022. A total of 226 hypertensive patients were examined out of which 100 were found to manifest hypertensive retinopathy changes. These 100 patients were further evaluated and analyzed. Sample size of the study was 100 number of hypertensive retinopathy patients. Different investigations done in the patients are Visual acuity, refraction, BP measurement, Tonometry, Fundus examination, Gonioscopy, B scan, Renal profile, Blood sugar estimation. Demographic parameters like sources of cases, age, gender, area wise distribution. The cases were again assessed to find out level of hypertension control, duration since hypertensive etc. Results: Hypertensive retinopathy grading distribution among hypertensives with controlled blood pressure was 56.25%,   31.25%  and  12.50% into Grade I, II and III respectively, showing lesser incidence of end organ damage with better control of blood pressure levels. Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between increasing age, blood pressure levels and severity of sclerotic changes with severity of retinopathy.
study of lipoprotein (a) and biochemical parameters of metabolic syndrome among younger population
Authors: Poonguzhali B , Sowndharya J , Prabha Thivyah , Suganya K
Published: July 2022

Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions that occur together, increasing your risk of heart disease, stroke and type 2 diabetes. Aim & Objective: Due to the scarcity of studies about the epidemiological behaviour of Lp(a) in our country, the main aim of our research is to study the relationship between Lp(a) and the metabolic syndrome and its components in younger population Materials & Methods: A total of 136 subjects were enrolled into the study. A pre-structured and pretested proforma was used to collect the data. Baseline data including age, gender, religion, detailed medical history, clinical examinations and relevant investigations such as HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, lipoprotein (a) and fasting glucose were done in the study. Analysis was done by SPSS version 18. In our study, 46.2% males and 43.1% females were affected by metabolic syndrome with no significant correlation with sex. Lipoprotein (a) level is increased in the metabolic syndrome category by Modified NCEP ATP III Criteria and IDF Criteria. Lipoprotein (a) level has significant correlation with the metabolic syndrome according to their p values (<0.01). It has significantly correlated with the individual components of metabolic syndrome and age category too (p value <0.01).
Women's political rights through affirmative action
Authors: Sanchez Rogelio Lopez , Fuentes Gaston Julian Enriquez
Published: July 2022

In the Mexican State, affirmative actions in electoral matters are generated legislatively, as well as in administrative and judicial headquarters. This last function makes mexican electoral tribunals the only judicial institutions in the world that issue affirmative actions in favor of gender parity. Since the first judicial criteria almost 10 years ago, its evolution has been strengthened, to such an extent as to allow its implementation, even when the electoral processes are in development, as well as the alteration of closed lists, after the democratic elections.
Level of serum 25(OH) vitamin D among hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Iraq, Diwaniyah city
Authors: Abbas Bushra Gatea , Al Khalidi Nawal Mehdi , Jasim Ali Haleem
Published: July 2022

Introduction: COVID-19 is an emerging viral infection whose pathogenic mechanisms are not well understood. Interestingly, Vitamin D deficiency and COVID-19 share prevalence patterns for hypertension, diabetes, obesity, advanced age, and male sex. Vitamin D deficiency can contribute to our understanding of COVID-19 health disparities. Patients and methods: a cross sectional study involving 100 adult hospitalized patients with positive PCR for COVID-19 at Diwaniyah teaching Hospital / Shiffaa center, Diwaniyah, Iraq, during a period of 3 months. The serum 25 OH-D level was measured and Vitamin D deficiency, defined as a 25(OH) D level < 20 ng/mL, and insufficiency define as a 25(OH)D level 30-20 ng/mL. History of some other underlying health diseases (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hypothyroidism and gastro esophageal reflux disease) was taken directly from the patients. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 26 and the study aimed to measure serum vitamin D level among COVID-19 patients. Result: The mean ± SD age was 38.8±13.7 years ranging between 18- 67 years. The mean±SD of 25(OH)D levels was 20.2±16 ng/mL. Vitamin D deficiency was present in 58 patients and vit D insufficiency was found in 25 patients.
Preparation, characterization and polymerization of some new compounds for esters derived from cephalosporins and some drugs, the study of some physical applications and evaluation of their biological activity
Authors: Al-Azzawi An'am Khalif Athab , AlAsli Nabil Jamal Ayed,
Published: July 2022

In this research, esters and polymers were prepared and loaded from the reaction of cephalosporins with carboxylic acids and their interaction with polyvinyl alcohol by the sublimation method. During spectroscopic measurements, including Uv, FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, mass spectrometry, elemental microanalysis, scanning electron microscopy (S.E.M.) analysis, and microanalysis for the elements (C.H.N.), the electrical conductivity and the biological activity of some prepared compounds and on four types of pathogenic bacteria were studied, two of them were Gram-positive, and two were negative. (Gram-negative), which are (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Pseudomonas putida), and the use of the Acker Muller-Hinton culture medium (Molar Huntin Agar) Aqueous solutions of the two compounds [DM26, DM18] with concentrations (0.01,0.001,0.0001,0.00001) mg/ml were also prepared using a dimethyl solvent. Sulfoxide (DMSO) The sensitivity test of bacterial isolates used in the study was conducted by diffusion method, and the antibiotics Cefixime, Ceftriaxone, and Ampicillin were used as a control sample.
Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of the bacterial, antioxidant and anticancer activity of pyrimidine derivatives
Authors: Hamid Ibtihal Kamel , Attia Khaled Abdel Aziz
Published: July 2022

In this paper, heterocyclic hexagonal rings were prepared for pyrimidine derivatives [I9-I16] by reacting a mole of gluconate derivatives with a mole of cyanoguanidine and using ethanol as a solvent. The accuracy of the compositions of the prepared compounds was confirmed by measuring the physical properties, including melting point, color, and molecular weight, as well as through spectroscopic measurements, including the infrared spectrum, the proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, and the carbon-13 nuclear resonance spectrum. The biological activity of some prepared compounds and on two types of pathogenic bacteria, one of which is Gram-positive, which is Staphylococcus aureus, and one of which is Gram-negative, which is Escherichia coli, was studied. And the culture medium of the Multer Hinton Agar type was used, and chemical solutions were prepared for the two compounds (I9, I16) with concentrations (0,01, 0.001, 0.0001) mg /ml using a solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The sensitivity test of bacterial isolates used in the study was carried out by diffusion method, and the antibiotic Ciprofloxacin was used as a control sample. The effect of compound I15 on the removal of free radicals was also studied using DPPH root and at different concentrations.
Correlation of static and dynamic balance with fear of falls in institutionalised elderly
Authors: Ranade Parag , Gupta Nalina , Sakpal Sandesh
Published: July 2022

Background:- Fear of Falling (FoF) is described as a disproportionate fear of falling or the notion that one cannot avoid falling. To remain physically active, you must maintain your balancing function. Fear of falling is one of the leading causes of actual falls among the elderly, according to previous research. In hospitalized aged people, falls and starts falling injuries are more prevalent than in community-dwelling seniors. It is an established fact that with age the person’s ability to maintain balance reduces and along with FoF further restricts mobility and movement. Hence finding correlation among them is important, because no exact correlation has been done between the two. Methodology – The research was carried out in Pune, India. The approach of easy sampling was used to choose 90 samples. Individuals above the age of 60 were chosen based on selected studies. The Falls Efficacy Scale-International was used to quantify fear of falling, while FICSIT-4 and TUG were used to record stationary and non - stationary balance.  Results - The data was therefore correlated using Pearson's correlation coefficient after passing the Normality test.