bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Large spinal intraosseous arteriovenous fistula: case report
Authors: Imajo Yasuaki , Kanchiku Tsukasa , Yoshida Yuichiro , Nishida Norihiro , Taguchi Toshihiko
Published: January 2015

Here the authors report the case of a fresh vertebral body fracture with a large spinal intraosseous arteriovenous fistula (AVF). A 74-year-old woman started to experience low-back pain following a rear-end car collision. Plain radiography showed diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH). Sagittal CT sections revealed a transverse fracture of the L-4 vertebral body with a bone defect. Sagittal fat-suppressed T2-weighted MRI revealed a flow void in the fractured vertebra. Spinal angiography revealed an intraosseous AVF with a feeder from the right L-4 segmental artery. A fresh fracture of the L-4 vertebral body with a spinal intraosseous AVF was diagnosed. Observation of a flow void in the vertebral body on fat-suppressed T2-weighted MRI was important for the diagnosis of the spinal intraosseous AVF. Because conservative treatment was ineffective, surgery was undertaken. The day before surgery, embolization through the right L-4 segmental artery was performed using 2 coils to achieve AVF closure. Posterolateral fusion with instrumentation at the T12–S2 vertebral levels was performed without L-4 vertebroplasty. The spinal intraosseous AVF had disappeared after 4 months. At 24 months after surgery, the bone defect was completely replaced by bone and the patient experienced no limitations in daily activities. Given their experience with the present case, the authors believe that performing vertebroplasty or anterior reconstruction may not be necessary in treating spinal intraosseous AVF.
Frontal operculum gliomas: language outcome following resection
Authors: Rolston John D. , Englot Dario J. , Benet Arnau , Li Jing , Cha Soonmee , Berger Mitchel S.
Published: January 2015

OBJECT

The dominant hemisphere frontal operculum may contain critical speech and language pathways, and due to these properties, patients with tumors of the opercular region may be at higher risk for postoperative speech dysfunction. However, the likelihood of incurring temporary or permanent language dysfunction is unknown.

METHODS

The authors retrospectively analyzed their cohort of patients with frontal gliomas to identify those tumors that predominantly involved the dominant frontal operculum. Each tumor was classified as involving the pars orbitalis, pars triangularis, pars opercularis, or a combination of some or all of these areas. The authors then identified and compared characteristics between those patients experiencing transient or permanent speech deficits, as opposed to those with no language dysfunction.

RESULTS

Forty-three patients were identified for inclusion in this analysis. Transient deficits occurred in 12 patients (27.9%), while 4 patients (9.8%) had persistent deficits involving language. Individuals with preoperative language deficits and patients with seizures characterized by speech dysfunction appear to be at the highest risk to develop a deficit (relative risks 3.09 and 1.75, respectively). No patient with a tumor involving the pars orbitalis experienced a persistent deficit.

CONCLUSIONS

Resection of gliomas is widely recognized as a critical element of improved outcome. Given the low rate of language morbidity reported in this group of patients, resection of gliomas within the dominant frontal operculum is well-tolerated with acceptable morbidity and, in this particular location, should not be a deterrent in the overall management of these tumors.
The influence of decompressive craniectomy for major stroke on early cerebral perfusion
Authors: Slotty Philipp Jörg , Kamp Marcel Alexander , Beez Thomas , Beenen Henrieke , Steiger Hans-Jakob , Turowski Bernd , Hänggi Daniel
Published: January 2015

OBJECT

Multiple trials have shown improved survival and functional outcome in patients treated with decompressive craniectomy (DC) for brain swelling following major stroke. It has been assumed that decompression induces an improvement in cerebral perfusion. This observational study directly measured cerebral perfusion before and after decompression.

METHODS

Sixteen patients were prospectively examined with perfusion CT within 6 hours prior to surgery and 12 hours after surgery. Preoperative and postoperative perfusion measurements were compared and correlated.

RESULTS

Following DC there was a significant increase in cerebral blood flow in all measured territories and additionally an increase in cerebral blood volume in the penumbra (p = 0.03). These changes spread as far as the contralateral hemisphere. No significant changes in mean transit time or Tmax (time-to-peak residue function) were observed.

CONCLUSIONS

The presurgical perfusion abnormalities likely reflected local pressure-induced hypoperfusion with impaired autoregulation. The improvement in perfusion after decompression implied an increase in perfusion pressure, likely linked to partial restoration of autoregulation. The increase in perfusion that was observed might partially be responsible for improved clinical outcome following decompressive surgery for major stroke. The predictive value of perfusion CT on outcome needs to be evaluated in larger trials.
Effect of coenzyme Q10 on spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: Hwang Jin-Young , Min Seong-Won , Jeon Young-Tae , Hwang Jung-Won , Park Sang-Heon , Kim Jin-Hee , Han Sung-Hee
Published: January 2015

OBJECT

Spinal cord ischemia remains a serious complication of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm surgery. Coenzyme Q10, a potent antioxidant, has been reported to exert a neuroprotective effect. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of coenzyme Q10 pretreatment on spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury.

METHODS

Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with either 300 mg/kg coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10 group, n = 12) or saline (control and sham groups, n = 12 for each group) for 5 days before ischemia. Spinal cord ischemia was induced in the control and CoQ10 groups. Neurological function was assessed using the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) motor rating scale until 7 days after reperfusion, and then the spinal cord was harvested for histopathological examinations and an evaluation of malondialdehyde level.

RESULTS

On post-reperfusion Day 1, the CoQ10 group showed higher BBB scores compared with those in the control group, although the difference was not significant. However, on Day 2, the CoQ10 group showed a significantly higher BBB score than the control group (14.0 [10.3–15.0] vs 8.0 [5.0–9.8], median [IQR], respectively; p = 0.021), and this trend was maintained until Day 7 (17.5 [16.0–18.0] vs 9.0 [6.5–12.8], respectively; p < 0.001). Compared with the control group, the CoQ10 group had more normal motor neurons (p = 0.003), fewer apoptotic changes (p = 0.003) and a lower level of tissue malondialdehyde (p = 0.024).

CONCLUSIONS

Pretreatment with 300 mg/kg coenzyme Q10 resulted in significantly improved neurological function and preservation of more normal motor neurons.
Arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging: toward noninvasive diagnosis and follow-up of pediatric brain arteriovenous malformations
Authors: Blauwblomme Thomas , Naggara Olivier , Brunelle Francis , Grévent David , Puget Stéphanie , Di Rocco Federico , Beccaria Kevin , Paternoster Giovanna , Bourgeois Marie , Kossorotoff Manoelle , Zerah Michel , Sainte-Rose Christian , Boddaert Nathalie
Published: January 2015

OBJECT

Arterial spin labeling (ASL)-MRI is becoming a routinely used sequence for ischemic strokes, as it quantifies cerebral blood flow (CBF) without the need for contrast injection. As brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are highflow vascular abnormalities, increased CBF can be identified inside the nidus or draining veins. The authors aimed to analyze the relevance of ASL-MRI in the diagnosis and follow-up of children with brain AVM.

METHODS

The authors performed a retrospective analysis of 21 patients who had undergone digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and pseudo-continuous ASL-MRI for the diagnosis or follow-up of brain AVM after radiosurgery or embolization. They compared the AVM nidus location between ASL-MRI and 3D contrast-enhanced T1 MRI, as well as the CBF values obtained in the nidus (CBFnidus) and the normal cortex (CBFcortex) before and after treatment.

RESULTS

The ASL-MRI correctly demonstrated the nidus location in all cases. Nidal perfusion (mean CBFnidus 137.7 ml/100 mg/min) was significantly higher than perfusion in the contralateral normal cortex (mean CBFcortex 58.6 ml/100 mg/min; p < 0.0001, Mann-Whitney test). Among 3 patients followed up after embolization, a reduction in both AVM size and CBF values was noted. Among 5 patients followed up after radiosurgery, a reduction in the nidus size was observed, whereas CBFnidus remained higher than CBFcortex.

CONCLUSIONS

In this study, ASL-MRI revealed nidus location and patency after treatment thanks to its ability to demonstrate focal increased CBF values. Absolute quantification of CBF values could be relevant in the follow-up of pediatric brain AVM after partial treatment, although this must be confirmed in larger prospective trials.
Comparison of two minimally invasive surgery strategies to treat adult spinal deformity
Authors: Park Paul , Wang Michael Y. , Lafage Virginie , Nguyen Stacie , Ziewacz John , Okonkwo David O. , Uribe Juan S. , Eastlack Robert K. , Anand Neel , Haque Raqeeb , Fessler Richard G. , Kanter Adam S. , Deviren Vedat , La Marca Frank , Smith Justin S. , Shaffrey Christopher I. , Mundis Gregory M. , Mummaneni Praveen V.
Published: January 2015

OBJECT

Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) techniques are becoming a more common means of treating adult spinal deformity (ASD). The aim of this study was to compare the hybrid (HYB) surgical approach, involving minimally invasive lateral interbody fusion with open posterior instrumented fusion, to the circumferential MIS (cMIS) approach to treat ASD.

METHODS

The authors performed a retrospective, multicenter study utilizing data collected in 105 patients with ASD who were treated via MIS techniques. Criteria for inclusion were age older than 45 years, coronal Cobb angle greater than 20°, and a minimum of 1 year of follow-up. Patients were stratified into 2 groups: HYB (n = 62) and cMIS (n = 43).

RESULTS

The mean age was 60.7 years in the HYB group and 61.0 years in the cMIS group (p = 0.910). A mean of 3.6 interbody fusions were performed in the HYB group compared with a mean of 4.0 interbody fusions in the cMIS group (p = 0.086). Posterior fusion involved a mean of 6.9 levels in the HYB group and a mean of 5.1 levels in the cMIS group (p = 0.003). The mean follow-up was 31.3 months for the HYB group and 38.3 months for the cMIS group. The mean Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score improved by 30.6 and 25.7, and the mean visual analog scale (VAS) scores for back/leg pain improved by 2.4/2.5 and 3.8/4.2 for the HYB and cMIS groups, respectively. There was no significant difference between groups with regard to ODI or VAS scores. For the HYB group, the lumbar coronal Cobb angle decreased by 13.5°, lumbar lordosis (LL) increased by 8.2°, sagittal vertical axis (SVA) decreased by 2.2 mm, and LL–pelvic incidence (LL-PI) mismatch decreased by 8.6°. For the cMIS group, the lumbar coronal Cobb angle decreased by 10.3°, LL improved by 3.0°, SVA increased by 2.1 mm, and LL-PI decreased by 2.2°. There were no significant differences in these radiographic parameters between groups. The complication rate, however, was higher in the HYB group (55%) than in the cMIS group (33%) (p = 0.024).

CONCLUSIONS

Both HYB and cMIS approaches resulted in clinical improvement, as evidenced by decreased ODI and VAS pain scores. While there was no significant difference in degree of radiographic correction between groups, the HYB group had greater absolute improvement in degree of lumbar coronal Cobb angle correction, increased LL, decreased SVA, and decreased LL-PI. The complication rate, however, was higher with the HYB approach than with the cMIS approach.
Artificial Affinity Proteins as Ligands of Immunoglobulins
Authors: Mouratou Barbara , Béhar Ghislaine , Pecorari Frédéric
Published: January 2015

A number of natural proteins are known to have affinity and specificity for immunoglobulins. Some of them are widely used as reagents for detection or capture applications, such as Protein G and Protein A. However, these natural proteins have a defined spectrum of recognition that may not fit specific needs. With the development of combinatorial protein engineering and selection techniques, it has become possible to design artificial affinity proteins with the desired properties. These proteins, termed alternative scaffold proteins, are most often chosen for their stability, ease of engineering and cost-efficient recombinant production in bacteria. In this review, we focus on alternative scaffold proteins for which immunoglobulin binders have been identified and characterized.
Neuron Membrane Trafficking and Protein Kinases Involved in Autism and ADHD
Authors: Kitagishi Yasuko , Minami Akari , Nakanishi Atsuko , Ogura Yasunori , Matsuda Satoru
Published: January 2015

A brain-enriched multi-domain scaffolding protein, neurobeachin has been identified as a candidate gene for autism patients. Mutations in the synaptic adhesion protein cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) are also associated with autism spectrum disorder, a neurodevelopmental disorder of uncertain molecular origin. Potential roles of neurobeachin and CADM1 have been suggested to a function of vesicle transport in endosomal trafficking. It seems that protein kinase B (AKT) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) have key roles in the neuron membrane trafficking involved in the pathogenesis of autism. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is documented to dopaminergic insufficiencies, which is attributed to synaptic dysfunction of dopamine transporter (DAT). AKT is also essential for the DAT cell-surface redistribution. In the present paper, we summarize and discuss the importance of several protein kinases that regulate the membrane trafficking involved in autism and ADHD, suggesting new targets for therapeutic intervention.
Optimization of Influential Nutrients during Direct Cellulose Fermentation into Hydrogen by Clostridium thermocellum
Authors: Islam Rumana , Sparling Richard , Cicek Nazim , Levin David
Published: January 2015

Combinatorial effects of influential growth nutrients were investigated in order to enhance hydrogen (H2) production during direct conversion of cellulose by Clostridium thermocellum DSM 1237. A central composite face-centered design and response surface methodology (RSM) were applied to optimize concentrations of cellulose, yeast extract (YE), and magnesium chloride (Mg) in culture. The overall optimum composition generated by the desirability function resulted in 57.28 mmol H2/L-culture with 1.30 mol H2/mol glucose and 7.48 mmol/(g·cell·h) when cultures contained 25 g/L cellulose, 2 g/L YE, and 1.75 g/L Mg. Compared with the unaltered medium, the optimized medium produced approximately 3.2-fold more H2 within the same time-frame with 50% higher specific productivity, which are also better than previously reported values from similar studies. Nutrient composition that diverted carbon and electron flux away from H2 promoting ethanol production was also determined. This study represents the first investigation dealing with multifactor optimization with RSM for H2 production during direct cellulose fermentation.
Heart Failure and Atrial Fibrillation: From Basic Science to Clinical Practice
Authors: Ferreira João , Santos Mário
Published: January 2015

Heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF) are two growing epidemics associated with significant morbidity and mortality. They often coexist due to common risk factors and shared pathophysiological mechanisms. Patients presenting with both HF and AF have a worse prognosis and present a particular therapeutic challenge to clinicians. This review aims to appraise the common pathophysiological background, as well as the prognostic and therapeutic implications of coexistent HF and AF.
The Regulation and Function of miR-21-FOXO3a-miR-34b/c Signaling in Breast Cancer
Authors: Liu Xiangyan , Feng Jie , Tang Lili , Liao Liqiu , Xu Qing , Zhu Shaihong
Published: January 2015

Upregulation of miR-21 (microRNA-21) and downregulation of miR-34b/c have been found in breast cancer (BC). However, their regulation mechanism and function roles in BC have not been fully addressed. Here, we report that miR-21 levels were inversely correlated with miR-34b/c levels in BC. MiR-21 upregulation contributes to PTEN downregulation, which is beneficial for the activation of PI3K/AKT signaling. The activation of AKT phosphorylates FOXO3a, triggering relocalization of FOXO3a proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. FOXO3a is a newly identified transcription factor responsible for miR-34b/c expression. Downregulation of nuclear FOXO3a decreased the expression levels of miR-34b and miR-34c in breast cancer cells, in which p53 was mutated. We also found upregulation of circulating miR-21 and downregulation of circulating miR-34b/c in BC patients’ serum. More importantly, we showed that systemic delivery of miR-34b/c or with anti-miR-21 significantly inhibited breast tumor growth in vivo. These results suggest that high circulating levels of miR-21 and low levels of miR-34b/c may provide potential biomarkers for BC diagnosis, and systemic delivery of miR-34b/c has potential as a therapeutic option for BC treatment.
CXCL13 Promotes the Effect of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) on Tendon-Bone Healing in Rats and in C3HIOT1/2 Cells
Authors: Tian Feng , Ji Xiang-Lu , Xiao Wan-An , Wang Bin , Wang Fei
Published: January 2015

Objectives: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are potential effective therapy for tissue repair and bone regeneration. In present study, the effects of CXC chemokine ligand-13 (CXCL13) were evaluated on tendon-bone healing of rats. Methods: Tendon bone healing of the rat model was established and biomechanical testing was performed at 2, 4, 8 weeks after surgery. Murine mesenchymal cell line (C3HIOT1/2 cells) was cultured. The expression of miRNA-23a was detected by real-time PCR. The protein expression of ERK1/2, JNK and p38 was detected by western blotting. MiR-23a mimic and inhibitor were used to overexpress or silence the expression of miR-23a. Results: MSCs significantly elevated the levels of ultimate load to failure, stiffness and stress in specimens of rats, the effects of which were enhanced by CXCL13. The expression of miR-23a was down-regulated and the protein of ERK1/2 level was up-regulated by CXCL13 treatment in both in vivo and in vitro experiments. ERK1/2 expression was elevated by overexpression of miR-23a and reduced by miR-23a inhibitor. Conclusions: These findings revealed that CXCL13 promoted the tendon-bone healing in rats with MSCs treatment, and implied that the activation of ERK1/2 via miR-23a was involved in the process of MSCs treated bone regeneration.
Properties of Foamed Mortar Prepared with Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag
Authors: Zhao Xiao , Lim Siong-Kang , Tan Cher-Siang , Li Bo , Ling Tung-Chai , Huang Runqiu , Wang Qingyuan
Published: January 2015

Foamed mortar with a density of 1300 kg/m3 was prepared. In the initial laboratory trials, water-to-cement (w/c) ratios ranging from 0.54 to 0.64 were tested to determine the optimal value for foamed mortar corresponding to the highest compressive strength without compromising its fresh state properties. With the obtained optimal w/c ratio of 0.56, two types of foamed mortar were prepared, namely cement-foamed mortar (CFM) and slag-foamed mortar (SFM, 50% cement was replaced by slag weight). Four different curing conditions were adopted for both types of foamed mortar to assess their compressive strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) and thermal insulation performance. The test results indicated that utilizing 50% of slag as cement replacement in the production of foamed mortar improved the compressive strength, UPV and thermal insulation properties. Additionally, the initial water curing of seven days gained higher compressive strength and increased UPV values as compared to the air cured and natural weather curing samples. However, this positive effect was more pronounced in the case of compressive strength than in the UPV and thermal conductivity of foamed mortar.
A Review of Odd-Chain Fatty Acid Metabolism and the Role of Pentadecanoic Acid (C15:0) and Heptadecanoic Acid (C17:0) in Health and Disease
Authors: Jenkins Benjamin , West James , Koulman Albert
Published: January 2015

The role of C17:0 and C15:0 in human health has recently been reinforced following a number of important biological and nutritional observations. Historically, odd chain saturated fatty acids (OCS-FAs) were used as internal standards in GC-MS methods of total fatty acids and LC-MS methods of intact lipids, as it was thought their concentrations were insignificant in humans. However, it has been thought that increased consumption of dairy products has an association with an increase in blood plasma OCS-FAs. However, there is currently no direct evidence but rather a casual association through epidemiology studies. Furthermore, a number of studies on cardiometabolic diseases have shown that plasma concentrations of OCS-FAs are associated with lower disease risk, although the mechanism responsible for this is debated. One possible mechanism for the endogenous production of OCS-FAs is α-oxidation, involving the activation, then hydroxylation of the α-carbon, followed by the removal of the terminal carboxyl group. Differentiation human adipocytes showed a distinct increase in the concentration of OCS-FAs, which was possibly caused through α-oxidation. Further evidence for an endogenous pathway, is in human plasma, where the ratio of C15:0 to C17:0 is approximately 1:2 which is contradictory to the expected levels of C15:0 to C17:0 roughly 2:1 as detected in dairy fat. We review the literature on the dietary consumption of OCS-FAs and their potential endogenous metabolism.
Effect of Curcumin Supplementation on Physiological Fatigue and Physical Performance in Mice
Authors: Huang Wen-Ching , Chiu Wan-Chun , Chuang Hsiao-Li , Tang Deh-Wei , Lee Zon-Min , Wei Li , Chen Fu-An , Huang Chi-Chang
Published: January 2015

Curcumin (CCM) is a well-known phytocompound and food component found in the spice turmeric and has multifunctional bioactivities. However, few studies have examined its effects on exercise performance and physical fatigue. We aimed to evaluate the potential beneficial effects of CCM supplementation on fatigue and ergogenic function following physical challenge in mice. Male ICR mice were divided into four groups to receive vehicle or CCM (180 μg/mL) by oral gavage at 0, 12.3, 24.6, or 61.5 mL/kg/day for four weeks. Exercise performance and anti-fatigue function were evaluated after physical challenge by forelimb grip strength, exhaustive swimming time, and levels of physical fatigue-associated biomarkers serum lactate, ammonia, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and glucose and tissue damage markers such as aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and creatine kinase (CK). CCM supplementation dose-dependently increased grip strength and endurance performance and significantly decreased lactate, ammonia, BUN, AST, ALT, and CK levels after physical challenge. Muscular glycogen content, an important energy source for exercise, was significantly increased. CCM supplementation had few subchronic toxic effects. CCM supplementation may have a wide spectrum of bioactivities for promoting health, improving exercise performance and preventing fatigue.
Compensation for the Variable Cyclic Error in Homodyne Laser Interferometers
Authors: Hu Pengcheng , Zhu Jinghao , Guo Xuanbiao , Tan Jiubin
Published: January 2015

This paper presents a real-time method to compensate for the variable cyclic error in a homodyne laser interferometer. The parameters describing the quadrature signals of the interferometer are estimated using simple peak value detectors. The cyclic error in the homodyne laser interferometer was then corrected through simple arithmetic calculations of the quadrature signals. A field programmable gate array was utilized for the real-time compensation of the cyclic error in a homodyne laser interferometer. The simulation and experimental results indicated that the proposed method could provide a cyclic error that was fixed without compensation down to a value under 0.6 nm in a homodyne laser interferometer. The proposed method could also reduce the time-varying cyclic error to a value under 0.6 nm in a homodyne laser interferometer, in contrast to the equivalent value of 13.3 nm for a conventional elliptical fitting method.
Enhanced Visualization of Fine Needles Under Sonographic Guidance Using a MEMS Actuator
Authors: Shen Zhiyuan , Zhou Yufeng , Miao Jianmin , Vu Kien
Published: January 2015

Localization of a needle tip is important for biopsy examinations in clinics. However, the needle tip is sometimes difficult to discern under the guidance of sonography due to its poor visibility. A mini actuator that radiates a low-intensity ultrasound wave was manufactured using micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) technology. Interference between the radiated and diagnostic ultrasound pulses was observed as bright lines in the B-mode ultrasound image, from which the mini actuator could be recognized with ease. Because the distance between the mini actuator and the needle tip is fixed, the needle tip can be determined despite its inconsistent appearance in the sonography. Both gel phantom and ex vivo tissue evaluation showed that the needle tip can be determined reliably utilizing the acoustic interference pattern.
Optical Microsystem for Analysis of Diffuse Reflectance and Fluorescence Signals Applied to Early Gastrointestinal Cancer Detection
Authors: Pimenta Sara , Castanheira Elisabete , Minas Graça
Published: January 2015

The detection of cancer at its earliest stage is crucial in order to increase the probability of a successful treatment. Optical techniques, specifically diffuse reflectance and fluorescence, may considerably improve the ability to detect pre-cancerous lesions. These techniques have high sensitivity to some biomarkers present on the tissues, providing morphological and biochemical information of normal and diseased tissue. The development of a chip sized spectroscopy microsystem, based on these techniques, will greatly improve the early diagnosis of gastrointestinal cancers. The main innovation is the detection of the spectroscopic signals using only few, but representative, spectral bands allowing for miniaturization. This paper presents the mathematical models, its validation and analysis for retrieving data of the measured spectroscopic signals. These models were applied to a set of phantoms clearly representative of gastrointestinal tissues, leading to a more accurate diagnostic by a pathologist. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the models can use the reconstructed spectroscopic signals based only on its extraction on those specific spectral bands. As a result, the viability of the spectroscopy microsystem implementation was proved.
Characterization of a Large, Low-Cost 3D Scanner
Authors: Straub Jeremy , Kading Benjamin , Mohammad Atif , Kerlin Scott
Published: January 2015

Imagery-based 3D scanning can be performed by scanners with multiple form factors, ranging from small and inexpensive scanners requiring manual movement around a stationary object to large freestanding (nearly) instantaneous units. Small mobile units are problematic for use in scanning living creatures, which may be unwilling or unable to (or for the very young and animals, unaware of the need to) hold a fixed position for an extended period of time. Alternately, very high cost scanners that can capture a complete scan within a few seconds are available, but they are cost prohibitive for some applications. This paper seeks to assess the performance of a large, low-cost 3D scanner, presented in prior work, which is able to concurrently capture imagery from all around an object. It provides the capabilities of the large, freestanding units at a price point akin to the smaller, mobile ones. This allows access to 3D scanning technology (particularly for applications requiring instantaneous imaging) at a lower cost. Problematically, prior analysis of the scanner’s performance was extremely limited. This paper characterizes the efficacy of the scanner for scanning both inanimate objects and humans. Given the importance of lighting to visible light scanning systems, the scanner’s performance under multiple lighting configurations is evaluated, characterizing its sensitivity to lighting design.
Optimal Use of Vaccines for Control of Influenza A Virus in Swine
Authors: Sandbulte Matthew , Spickler Anna , Zaabel Pamela , Roth James
Published: January 2015

Influenza A virus in swine (IAV-S) is one of the most important infectious disease agents of swine in North America. In addition to the economic burden of IAV-S to the swine industry, the zoonotic potential of IAV-S sometimes leads to serious public health concerns. Adjuvanted, inactivated vaccines have been licensed in the United States for over 20 years, and there is also widespread usage of autogenous/custom IAV-S vaccines. Vaccination induces neutralizing antibodies and protection against infection with very similar strains. However, IAV-S strains are so diverse and prone to mutation that these vaccines often have disappointing efficacy in the field. This scientific review was developed to help veterinarians and others to identify the best available IAV-S vaccine for a particular infected herd. We describe key principles of IAV-S structure and replication, protective immunity, currently available vaccines, and vaccine technologies that show promise for the future. We discuss strategies to optimize the use of available IAV-S vaccines, based on information gathered from modern diagnostics and surveillance programs. Improvements in IAV-S immunization strategies, in both the short term and long term, will benefit swine health and productivity and potentially reduce risks to public health.
Comparison of Different Grid Cell Ordering Approaches in a Simplified Inundation Model
Authors: Yang Tsun-Hua , Chen Yi-Chin , Chang Ya-Chi , Yang Sheng-Chi , Ho Jui-Yi
Published: January 2015

This study proposes a simplified model for non-riverine flood routing using a digital elevation model. The model has the advantage of running with only a few types of input, such as topographic data and cumulative rainfall. Given its ease of use, the model is stable and reliable for developing a real-time inundation forecasting system. This model uses two approaches to determine the collection of cells from which flooding is assumed to originate: (1) A traditional “lowest-elevation approach” that assumes flooding originates from the lowest elevations and that is only based on topographic data; and (2) a novel “D-infinity contributing area approach” that assumes flooding originates at the cells toward which the flow moves and that considers in situ topography and upslope information. The flood water is transferred based on the flat-water assumption that the water levels of adjacent cells are equalized. The performance was evaluated by comparing the simulated results with those from a complex inundation model. The simplified model with the lowest elevation assumption has limited applicability in flat areas and did not provide reasonable locations of the source of the flood. The D-infinity approach can improve the simplified inundation model and extend its application in various topographical areas.
Thème II. Processus de précipitation et mesures (Process of precipitation and measures)
Authors: Muxart Tatiana
Published: January 2015

Abstract. - Precipitation process of CaCO3 in continental medium area are reviewed. Different examples from semi-arid, mediterranean and temperate climates show the action of micro-organisms and lower vegetables in the waterfall deposits and fluviatile carbonaceous concretions.

The tufa deposits' age may be determined by estimating the annual growth rate of continental biohermes from stromatolithic rhythm or by 14C absolute datation. This last method has been applied to the U.K. tufa.
Thème IV. Travertins et croûtes calcaires (Tufas and calcretes)
Authors: Vaudour Jean
Published: January 2015

Résumé. - On examine les critères de distinction entre les travertins et les croûtes calcaires (= caliches), ainsi que la place stratigraphique et la signification paléogéographique de ces accumulations dans des séquences verticales et latérales.
Du souhaitable oublié au possible nouveau : les tribulations du Schéma d'Aménagement de l'Aire Métropolitaine (SDAM) Nantes-Saint-Nazaire (The plan for Nantes regional metropolis)
Authors: Vigarié André
Published: January 2015

Résumé. - Le Schéma Directeur de l'Aire Métropolitaine Nantes-Saint-Nazaire est l'un des grands plans régionaux français correspondant à la politique de métropolisation (1965-1970). Un bilan en 1981 montre des réalisations qui ne sont pas négligeables ; mais l'exemple du port nouveau de Montoir, détourné de ses objectifs primitifs, montre les risques d'une planification qui n'a pas prévu d'instances publiques pour contrôler le suivi, l'adaptation ou le maintien des schémas officiellement retenus.
Comment définir une région nantaise ? (Defining the Nantes region)
Authors: Cabanne Claude
Published: January 2015

Résumé. -La région nantaise se définit comme l'air du pôle d'activité économique que constitue l'estuaire de la Loire et surtout la ville de Nantes. L'influence urbaine peut être analysée à partir de quelques indicateurs comme les courants d'affaires, l'activité du C.H.U., les flux téléphoniques et les mouvements de population. Ce rayonnement qui tend à s'élargir s'exerce le long du littoral méridional de la Bretagne, sur la Vendée et dans l'axe de la Loire.
The effect of intramedullary pin size and monocortical screw configuration on locking compression plate-rod constructs in an in vitro fracture gap model
Authors: Glyde M. , Hosgood G. , Day R. , Pearson T.
Published: January 2015

Objective: To investigate the effect of intramedullary pin size in combination with various monocortical screw configurations on locking compression plate-rod constructs.

Methods: A synthetic bone model with a 40 mm fracture gap was used. Locking compression plates with monocortical locking screws were tested with no pin (LCP-Mono) and intramedullary pins of 20% (LCPR-20), 30% (LCPR-30) and 40% (LCPR-40) of intramedullary diameter. Locking compression plates with bicortical screws (LCP-Bi) were also tested. Screw configurations with two or three screws per fragment modelled long (8-hole), intermediate (6-hole), and short (4-hole) plate working lengths. Responses to axial compression, biplanar four-point bending and axial load-to-failure were recorded.

Results: LCP-Bi were not significantly different from LCP-Mono control for any of the outcome variables. In bending, LCPR-20 were not significantly different from LCP-Bi and LCP-Mono. The LCPR-30 were stiffer than LCPR-20 and the controls. The LCPR-40 constructs were stiffer than all other constructs. The addition of an intramedullary pin of any size provided a significant increase in axial stiffness and load to failure. This effect was incremental with increasing intramedullary pin diameter. As plate working length decreased there was a significant increase in stiffness across all constructs.

Clinical significance: A pin of any size increases resistance to axial loads whereas a pin of at least 30% intramedullary diameter is required to increase bending stiffness. Short plate working lengths provide maximum stiffness. However, the overwhelming effect of intramedullary pin size obviates the effect of changing working length on construct stiffness.
Isolation and characterization of 22 EST‐SSR markers for the genus Thujopsis (Cupressaceae)
Authors: Sato Miyako , Hasegawa Yoichi , Mishima Kentaro , Takata Katsuhiko
Published: January 2015

• Premise of the study: Expressed sequence tag–simple sequence repeat (EST‐SSR) markers were developed from Thujopsis dolabrata var. hondae (Cupressaceae) using Illumina sequencing to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of the genus Thujopsis.

• Methods and Results: Twenty‐two primer pairs were developed from ESTs of T. dolabrata var. hondae. The primers amplified di‐ and trinucleotide repeat‐containing sequences. Polymorphisms were assessed in 81 individuals from two T. dolabrata var. hondae populations and one T. dolabrata population. The number of alleles ranged from one to 17 per locus. The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.000 to 1.000 and from 0.000 to 0.926, respectively.

• Conclusions: These new EST‐SSR markers will be useful in analyses of the genetic diversity and population structure of the genus Thujopsis.
Microsatellite marker development for the coastal dune shrub Prunus maritima (Rosaceae)
Authors: Badgley Emily M. , Grubisha Lisa C. , Roland Anna K. , Connolly Bryan A. , Klooster Matthew R.
Published: January 2015

• Premise of the study: Microsatellite primers were developed in the beach plum, Prunus maritima, to investigate the genetic composition of remaining populations in need of conservation and, in future studies, to determine its relation to P. maritima var. gravesii.

• Methods and Results: Fourteen primer pairs were identified and tested in four populations throughout the species’ geographic range. Of these 14 loci, 12 were shown to be polymorphic among a total of 60 P. maritima individuals sampled (15 individuals sampled from four populations). Among the polymorphic loci, the number of alleles ranged from two to 10 and observed heterozygosity of loci ranged from 0.07 to 0.93 among specimens tested.

• Conclusions: These microsatellites will be useful in evaluating the population genetic composition of P. maritima and in developing approaches for further conservation and management of this species within the endangered coastal dune ecosystem of the northeastern United States.
Nanoporous Ge thin film production combining Ge sputtering and dopant implantation
Authors: Toinin Jacques Perrin , Portavoce Alain , Hoummada Khalid , Texier Michaël , Bertoglio Maxime , Bernardini Sandrine , Abbarchi Marco , Chow Lee
Published: January 2015

In this work a novel process allowing for the production of nanoporous Ge thin films is presented. This process uses the combination of two techniques: Ge sputtering on SiO2 and dopant ion implantation. The process entails four successive steps: (i) Ge sputtering on SiO2, (ii) implantation preannealing, (iii) high-dose dopant implantation, and (iv) implantation postannealing. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used to characterize the morphology of the Ge film at different process steps under different postannealing conditions. For the same postannealing conditions, the Ge film topology was shown to be similar for different implantation doses and different dopants. However, the film topology can be controlled by adjusting the postannealing conditions.
CRITICAL ORGANIZATIONAL SUCCESS FACTORS FOR PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP PROJECTS – A COMPARISON OF SOLICITED AND UNSOLICITED PROPOSALS
Authors: Yun Sungmin , Jung Wooyong , Heon Han Seung , Park Heedae
Published: January 2015

Public Private Partnership (PPP) projects are typically initiated through solicited or unsolicited proposals. The difference between the processes according to the proposal mode often leads to different levels of involvement and responsibilities for the public and private sectors. However, no robust research exists to capture the differences, depending on the proposal mode, in the roles and involvement of project participants and the impact of those differences on project success. This study intends to explore the critical organizational success factors contributing to the success of PPP projects according to the proposal mode and to provide practical recommendations for project success from organizational perspectives. To assess the factors, 141 questionnaire surveys were conducted with participants in 32 PPP projects. The major findings indicated that “Project Implementation Capability” had the most critical influence on solicited projects, whereas “Risk Sharing and Mitigation Strategies” was the most significant in unsolicited projects. In addition, “Interorganization Coordination” among project participants was essential to the success for both solicited and unsolicited projects. Government roles and involvement were also critical, although their contributions were relatively less important than other critical organizational success factors. Based on the findings, practical recommendations were provided for the success of solicited and unsolicited projects.
A NEURAL NETWORK FOR RESOURCE CONSTRAINED PROJECT SCHEDULING PROGRAMMING
Authors: Özkan Ömer , Gülçiçek Ümit
Published: January 2015

The resource constrained project-scheduling problem (RCPSP) aims to minimize the duration of a project. RCPSP is prevalently used in programming the projects with high number of activities and resources such as construction projects. In this study, 240 projects such as residential, office, school, etc. are designed and programmed under limited resources. The resource amounts of these projects are determined using three priority rules, these are Latest Finish Time, Minimum Slack Time and Maximum Remaining Path Length which have the highest performance according to the literature, in the amounts of 2, 4, 6 and 8. The project times are estimated using artificial neural network (ANN). A correlation coefficient of 0.70 was obtained from the ANN estimation model.
USE OF BIM APPROACH TO ENHANCE CONSTRUCTION INTERFACE MANAGEMENT: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Lin Yu-Cheng
Published: January 2015

Many interface events and problems occur during the construction phase of construction projects, such that tracking and controlling these are essential to construction management. Interface management (IM) has become the most important aspect of a sound project management strategy. IM affects project cost, scheduling, and quality both directly and indirectly in construction projects. Interface or changed events can be identified and tracked using IM, such that construction processes can be improved, while minimizing rework and reducing total project duration. Despite the many studies and discussions in academic and practical literature, systematic approaches and information platforms for managing interface events and problems during the construction are lacking. This study tracks and manages interface events using novel three-dimensional (3D) interface maps integrated into the building information modelling (BIM) approach. The BIM approach, which is utilized to retain interface information in a digital format, facilitates easy interface updating and transfer in the 3D CAD environment. The 3D-based interface maps provide users with an overview of interface events during a given construction project, such that users can track and manage interfaces virtually. The primary purpose of this study is to develop a web Construction BIM-based IM (ConBIM-IM) system for engineers to enhance interface information sharing and efficiency tracking in construction projects. The ConBIM-IM system is applied to a case study of a building project in Taiwan to verify its efficacy and demonstrate its IM effectiveness. Case study results show that the ConBIM-IM system is effective for managing interfaces using the BIM approach in construction.
ENGINEERING RISK MANAGEMENT IN PERFORMANCE-BASED BUILDING ENVIRONMENTS
Authors: Almeida Nuno Marques , Sousa Vitor , Dias Luís Alves , Branco Fernando
Published: January 2015

Nowadays, a wide range of stakeholders seek explicit performance and risk information on construction projects. These stakeholders include end-users, authorities, insurance companies and financial institutions, among others. They look for proof that engineering risks are being properly managed and that specified performance-based requirements are fulfilled throughout all stages of the project (e.g. technical requirements related to the building such as structural safety, structural serviceability, structural durability, fire safety, energy efficiency, or others). Such demonstration can be conveyed through statements of technical conformity, such as technical risk reports or engineering performance certificates. Statements of conformity are particularly valuable to make informed decisions associated with contractual or other legal warranties against building nonconformities. This paper describes the conceptual background and the methodologies undertaken to design and develop a management framework that enables recognition of the conformity assessment results of building projects. It also presents the outreach of this management framework throughout the planning, programming, design, construction and use phases of building projects. This paper also summarizes the wide range of practical implications and benefits of this management framework for authorities and official bodies, owners and their representatives, banks and insurance companies, conformity assessment bodies, designers, builders, suppliers and end-users.
Les réseaux sociaux d'entreprise tiennent-ils leurs promesses ?
Authors: Abelin Jean-Luc , Aper Guillaume , Maltinti Gabriele , Monneuse Denis
Published: January 2015

Les réseaux sociaux d’entreprises sont-ils la nouvelle panacée ? Attention, disent ceux qui les utilisent avec succès : l’outil n’est rien, l’accompagnement est tout, et cela demande du temps, du doigté et, accessoirement, un peu de moyens.
« Trouvez-moi des idées pour transformer ce groupe financier en une véritable équipe ! »
Authors: Benenati Benedikt
Published: January 2015

Kingfisher gère mille magasins de par le monde et il est difficile de parler d’une culture commune. Mais quand le CEO, au flegme très britannique, rencontre Benedikt Benenati, ils engagent avec succès des aventures improbables...
Mac Guff, le studio parisien qui a séduit Hollywood
Authors: Bled Jacques
Published: January 2015

Universal Studios achète en 2011 le studio Illumination Mac Guff, parce qu’il s’appuyait sur des talents reconnus et disposait d’une très bonne technologie. Au studio de tirer parti des moyens considérables apportés en préservant ce qui a fait sa force.
Comment une PME savoyarde est devenue incontournable dans l'industrie automobile mondiale
Authors: de Taisne Bertrand
Published: January 2015

Rossignol Technology a pu, en trois ans, devenir leader mondial des tiges de commande de freinage et d’embrayage. Pour Bertrand de Taisne, qui a racheté la société en 2011, la survie du site français passe par des implantations internationales.
RTE se transforme pour accompagner la transition énergétique
Authors: Mignon Hervé , Signé Bertrand
Published: January 2015

Dans un monde de l’électricité bouleversé par l’ouverture à la concurrence et l’arrivée des énergies renouvelables, RTE, après dix années de mutations profondes, doit réussir un exercice de funambule sur une scène européenne en perpétuelle évolution.