bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Statistical analysis of the height of hybrid plants Kn-517 and Kn-613 depending on mineral fertilization and crop density
Authors:   Agricultural academy, Maize Research Institute, Knezha, Bulgaria, Koynarska Kameliya , Goranovska Sonya ,   Agricultural academy, Maize Research Institute, Knezha, Bulgaria, Glogova Lyuba ,   Agricultural academy, Maize Research Institute, Knezha, Bulgaria
Published: July 2023

The study was conducted between 2020 and 2022 in the experimental field of the Maize Research Institute-Knezha. The subject of the study is the following hybrids: Kn-517 group 500-600 FAO with a density 5500 p/da and 6000 p/da; Kn-613 group over 600 FAO with a density of 5200 p/da and 5700 p/da. The cultivated hybrids of each variation measured the height of 10 plants. The maize was grown under control variant T0 – without fertilization and two fertilization levels: Т1 – N8.5P5.4K6.4 and T2 – N17P10.8K12.8. On average for the period 2020-2022 on the Kn-517 hybrid the highest average height of xaverage = 268.33 cm was measured at a density of 6000 p/da and fertilized with N17P10.8K12.8. The best result of xaverage = 276.00 cm at the average height in years was in 2021 and the density was 5500 p/da. In the same year, seed density and fertilization with N17P10.8K12.8 was measured maximum height Max = 285.00 cm. The coefficient of variation was the lowest of CV=3.61% for fertilization with N8.5P5.4K6.4 and the highest of CV=4.77% for fertilizer N17P10.8K12.8 and a density 5500 p/da. This quantity changed by years from CV=2.57% in 2020 to CV=4.35% in 2022 and 6000 p/da. On average for the period 2020-2022 the Kn-613 hybrid for both densities of 5200 p/da and 5700 p/da was the largest average height of xaverage = 279.33 cm and xaverage = 279.67 cm measured by fertilizing with N17P10.8K12.8. The study indicator had the best score in 2021. In the same year a maximum height of Max=296.00 cm was measured at 5700 p/da and fertilization with N17P10.8K12.8. The coefficient of variation changed from CV=3.37% for N0P0K0 to CV=4.90% for N17P10.8K12.8 and a density of 5200 p/da. For the years this quantity ranged from CV=2.53% in 2022 to CV=3.67% in 2021 and 5200 p/da.
Spatial distribution and photosynthetic activity of phytoplankton in the Rybinsk Reservoir in the summer period of 2018–2020
Authors: Семадени И.В.
Published: July 2023

В июле–августе 2018–2020 гг. с использованием флуоресцентной диагностики исследовано пространственное распределение хлорофилла a (Хл а) и коэффициента фото- синтетической активности (КФА) фитопланктона Рыбинского водохранилища. При различных гидрометеорологических ус- ловиях содержание Хл а изменялось в диапазоне 0.26–116 мк- г/л при средних значениях 16.7–21.2мкг/л. Пространственное распределение Хл а в 2019 г. характеризовалось умеренной, в 2018, 2020 гг. – высокой неоднородностью при коэффици- ентах вариации Cv = 69, 91 и 140% соответственно. Величи- ны КФА варьировали от 0.01 до 0.58 при средних значениях 0.30–0.42. В 8–47% случаев отмечены КФА ниже 0.3, отража- ющие развитие фитопланктона в стрессовых условиях. Про- странственное распределение КФА более однородно, чем распределение Хл а (Cv = 18–130%). Эмпирически выведена нелинейная зависимость КФА от содержания Хл а (R2 = 0.50).

The spatial distribution of chlorophyll a (Chl a) and photosynthetic activity coefficient (PAC) of phytoplankton in the Rybinsk Reservoir was studied using fluorescent analysis in July–August 2018–2020. Under various hydrometeorological conditions, the content of Chl a varied as 0.26–116 μg/L, averaging 16.7–21.2 μg/L. The spatial distribution of Chl a in 2019 was characterized by moderate patchiness, in 2018 and 2020, by highly pronounced randomity (coefficients of variation Cv = 69, 91, and 140%, respectively). The PAC varied from 0.01 to 0.58, averaging 0.30–0.42. PAC below 0.3 were noted in 8–47% of cases, reflecting the development of phytoplankton under stressful conditions. The spatial distribution of PAC was more uniform than that of Chl a (Cv = 18–130%). PAC depended on Chl a content non-linearly (R2 = 0.50).
Hans Nielsen Hauge – før og etter Anton Christian Bang
Authors: Amundsen Arne Bugge
Published: July 2023

The first comprehensive historical biography of Hans Nielsen Hauge was published in 1874. The author was Anton Christian Bang (1840–1913), later to become the first professor of church history at the University of Christiania (Oslo). Bang used a large number of written and oral sources. His main perspective is a very positive evaluation of Hauge, his theology and activities. Bang portrays the preacher on a very dark background of contemporary “rationalism” dominating the Norwegian clergy. Bang also argues that Hauge was of high importance for the development of both church and society. Anton Christian Bang’s biography was for almost a century regarded as the most important contribution to understanding Hans Nielsen Hauge. The biography was perfectly fitted to make later religious organisations in Norway claiming Hauge their spiritual and historical hero and ideal, thus creating a Bakhtinian monoglossia. Bang also claimed that Hauge should be included in the historical memory of the Norwegian nation.
Mystikk, «svermeri» og religiøs toleranse hos Hans Nielsen Hauge
Authors: Gilje Nils
Published: July 2023

Hans Nielsen Hauge (1771–1824), the leader of the radical Haugean movement in Norway, has for a long time been the object of incompatible interpretations. This article claims that Hauge’s religious thinking and practice was inspired by German mysticism and the early Pietism of Johann Arndt. Hauge was originally criticized for advocating religious “mysticism,” “enthusiasm” and Schwärmerei, but according to Hauge these movements – including the Haugean movement – represented living Christianity. For Hauge God’s internal presence in the soul and heart of every human being became an important argument for religious tolerance.
Frelsens vei i norsk vekkelsesliv: fra Pontoppidan og Hauge til Hallesby
Authors: Norseth Kristin
Published: July 2023

In 1796 the peasant Hans Nielsen Hauge (1771–1824) had a profound religious experience that transformed his life. The following years he crisscrossed Norway as a lay preacher. His message was according to the pietistic ideals for repentance and conversion. His works led to an influential revivalism that left a theological and organizational imprint on the lay movements that evolved within the Lutheran state church (the Church of Norway) in the 19th and 20th centuries. This article analyses the historical and theological conditions for Hauge’s mission with special regard to the pietistic doctrine of the Ordo Salutis. It reviews the concept of Ordo Salutis according to the textbook by the court priest E. Pontoppidan, Sandhed til Gudfrygtighed (1737), that was compulsory teaching materials to all Norwegians in schools and in church preparing for confirmation for approximately 150 years. The article studies how the former understanding Ordo Salutis is continued and changed on new terms in three significant revivals: the revival of the 1850s with prof. G. Johnson, the revival in the first half of the 1900s with prof. O. Hallesby, and the revival of the 1880s that in Scandinavia commonly is called “new evangelical” and broke with the pattern of Ordo Salutis by focusing on instant conversion.
Hans Nielsen Hauge og Kristiansand stift – litterært produksjonssenter og kirkelig motstand
Authors: Sødal Helje Kringlebotn
Published: July 2023

In this article Hans Nielsen Hauge’s activity in Kristiansand diocese is explored as well as a local, ecclesiastical narrative about him. The narrative is constructed from a scarcely used source – original local reports on Hauge from the clergy. I argue that Kristiansand, despite relatively few Haugeans, played an important role for the governmental process that caused the prosecution against Hauge. This has hardly been systematically investigated before. I also claim that the harsh reactions against Hauge in Kristiansand diocese were trigged by commercial activities connected to book production which made Kristiansand a literary production center for Hauge. Contrary to previous research I stress that relatively few clergy reported on Hauge to the bishop, and that the low response rate in Kristiansand may modify the representativity of the material and the clergy’s hostile attitude against Hauge.
Er det den konfliktskapende eller fredssøkende Hauge som bør minnes?
Authors: Presno Jostein Garcia de
Published: July 2023

The approach of the Norwegian lay preacher Hans Nielsen Hauge (1771–1824) toward contemporary society was twofold. Before Hauge’s trial, it was largely one of conflicts; afterwards it was mainly one of conciliation. In the study of Hauge, there has been a tendency to approve of or give prominence to the former approach, while disapproving of or neglecting the latter. I argue that Hauge’s two approaches toward society should be valued according to what results they brought about. By this criterium, the conciliatory approach is seen to have accomplished results which the more antagonistic approach could not. However, both approaches had their merits: the antagonistic approach created the first Norwegian mass movement; the conciliatory made it acceptable to society.
Haugianisme og modernisering: Drøfting med utgangspunkt i Stavanger amt 1820–1850
Authors: Langhelle Svein Ivar
Published: July 2023

This article discusses Haugian revival and economic modernization in Stavanger County from 1820 until 1850. There seems to be a connection between religious awakening and economic modernization in the western part of Northern Rogaland, in the Karmøy and Haugesund area. The Haugians were strong and partly had a hegemonic position in this particular area, coinciding with a significant economic growth with Haugians in leading positions. Although there was a strong Haugian influence in the eastern part of Northern Rogaland as well, there were no significant signs of economic modernization. The fundamental basis for such modernization processes was simply not yet in place in this area. In Southern Rogaland, farming in the Jæren area was undergoing a relatively extensive modernization, at the same time as the Haugian influence seems to be in the weakest position within the county. Here we can hardly see any connection between modernization and revival.

The influence of the awakening on modernization seems to be manifested in three ways: (1) Through Haugian ethics as pointed out by Max Weber. (2) Indirectly, by strengthening the revival’s individualization process and its purpose-driven self-discipline. Consequently, the participating members became more open-minded towards new views and solutions also in non-religious areas of society. (3) The Haugian community was not only a religious network but also a network in matters of business.

The article also discusses the likely influence from the reformed Scotland and Netherlands, which may have been one of several preconditioning factors for the Haugian revival.
Vygotsky i forskning og praksis: Hvorfor rette blikket mot et sosiokulturelt læringssyn?
Authors: Faldet Ann-Cathrin , Skrefsrud Thor-André , Somby Hege Merete
Published: July 2023

The surge of international interest in Lev Vygotsky’s work since the early 1960s suggests that a Vygotskyan socio-cultural perspective on education provides important answers to contemporary challenges faced by educators in different contexts. Meanwhile, scholars have indicated that Vygotsky’s theories are often treated in a fragmentary and external way overlooking the need for more in-depth studies of how Vygotsky’s theories can be utilized in educational research. On this background, the chapter presents the overall theme of the book and provides an argument for why the book is important within the field of education today. We also explain how the book relates to previous relevant research, and what it contributes the field in terms of new insight. The chapter ends with a short presentation of the different chapters in the anthology.
Å forberede seg på hjem–skole-samarbeid: Lærerstudenters bruk av virtual reality-teknologi i et Vygotsky-perspektiv
Authors: Faldet Ann-Cathrin , Skrefsrud Thor-André , Somby Hege Merete
Published: July 2023

The chapter explores the pedagogical underpinning of a virtual reality (VR) simulation, using Vygotsky’s socio-cultural theory of learning. In the VR simulation, pre-service teachers were placed in a work-related situation, participating in a virtual developmental conversation between a student and her father. The chapter finds that Vygotsky’s concepts of social interaction and imitation are helpful when reflecting on VR simulation as a teaching method in teacher education. Understood through Vygotsky’s theoretical lens, VR simulation encourages collaborative interaction and reflection, providing an alternative to traditional teaching methods in teacher education.
Vygotsky med VR-briller
Authors: Igland Mari-Ann , Stalheim Odd Rune
Published: July 2023

Can virtual reality (VR) simulation be beneficial in educating primary school teachers? In this chapter, we discuss elements from Vygotsky’s theories about the meaning of the social dimension of learning and development alongside what he calls higher mental functions and discuss how VR simulation can be used in an educational context as a means of activating students’ learning potential. A simulation is an imitation of reality in which teaching students are introduced to situations they may encounter in their future profession. Simulation is an activity that can involve several students, and therefore Vygotsky’s theories are relevant because they highlight how human beings develop cognitive skills through interactions. We first present the social dimension before we go further into the development of concepts as a social process that leads to individual understanding of concepts and the development of thoughts. By looking more deeply at Vygotsky’s theories from Thinking and Speech (1987), we argue that simulation with VR headsets is a beneficial and valuable tool for developing professional language and understanding concepts that can support students’ learning process.
Opphavet til Vygotskys perspektiver: Piagets og Vygotskys teorier om barns utvikling av tenkning og tale
Authors: Skodvin Arne
Published: July 2023

Had it not been for Piaget’s theory of genetic epistemology in the child, we would not have had Vygotsky’s theory on children’s social cultural development. This chapter provides a presentation of early central Piagetian concepts. It then accounts for Vygotsky’s disagreements with Piaget, and how these objections led him to define alternative concepts and eventually design a different approach to the investigation of thinking and use of language in childhood. Later Western researchers, although inspired by Vygotskian theoretical perspectives, still may have overlooked some of the methodological recommendations of analysis that Vygotsky advocated.
Memory in action – thinking in action – Vygotsky’s contribution to tacit knowledge theory
Authors: Engen Thor Ola
Published: July 2023

By supporting Goethe’s claim: “In the beginning was the deed,” Vygotsky argued like a tacit knowledge theorist, even before such a concept was introduced. Still, in the academic discourse on tacit knowledge he is seldom mentioned. In the present chapter, the author will redress this deficiency. Based on a comparison of selected conceptual contributions from prominent tacit knowledge theorists with theoretical perspectives from Vygotsky’s approach, the author shows that the two approaches are closely related. This applies to the fundamental assumption that perceptual representations on the internal plane are operationalized in action terms, as well as to the assumption that practice functions as a relationship between external reality and our thinking about it. In addition, the author shows that Vygotsky also anticipates the assumption of tacit knowledge theorists that children’s utterances initially are operationalized by their external, expressive characteristics. In this way, children’s utterances are constituted as speech acts, which are interpretable within meaningful contexts. Finally, Vygotsky also anticipates the assumption of tacit knowledge theorists that very early in their development, children demonstrate mastery of prosody and intonation in their linguistic practice. At the same time, however, he asserts that the theoretical mastery of such competencies can only be articulated in retrospect, if at all. This means that Vygotsky also anticipates Polanyi’s famous claim that “we know more than we can tell”. The author ends his discussion by suggesting that the tacit knowledge tradition should be taken more seriously by educationalists, especially when it comes to understanding the relationship between theoretical and practical knowledge. This also applies to teacher training.
Reconstructing the Vygotskian vision of play, learning and development in early childhood
Authors: Bredikyte Milda , Hakkarainen Pentti
Published: July 2023

This chapter examines the complicated relationship between children’s play, learning and development in early childhood from the perspective of cultural-historical theory. Recent widespread practices that aim to integrate play and learning into school instruction are often superficial, and do not propose a unified systemic approach. Cultural-historical theory that develops general stage models of child development, as presented by El’konin (1999), Bozhovich (2004), and Slobodchikov and Zuckerman (2003), highlights the main difficulty in separating cultural development and learning from each other. The new learning of young children occurs in social spaces through internal psychological processes, which cannot be directly observed. The solution to the problem could be to accept the claim of Vygotsky and his followers that early childhood pedagogy must focus on personality development and creative imagination as the core psychological function of early age. Creative activities such as explorative experimentation and imaginative play must become central elements in early education, giving the child a leading role and, thus, supporting their self-development processes. The mediated learning of children in narrative playworlds developed in the Play Research Lab in Finland is a possible solution.
Vygotskys defektologi – et perspektiv på inkluderende opplæring
Authors: Somby Hege Merete , Vik Stine
Published: July 2023

Vygotsky had a central place in the Russian field of defectology in the 1920s. Through studies on children with disabilities, he challenged an established understanding where disabilities were understood as deficiencies and deviations from the norm. On the contrary, he argued that children with disabilities have an untapped potential, but because their abilities and skills are continuously understood through a language of deficit, we are unable to unleash this potential. In his opinion, the language of deficit promotes a negative pedagogy where measures are put in place to reduce the gap between what the child actually achieves and what the child is expected to achieve by the use of a quantitative understanding of deficit. Above all, he argued that children with disabilities have developed strategies that compensate for their difficulties when confronted by a social norm, such as the blind child’s development of increased sensitivity in other senses because they live in a ‘seeing world’. In this chapter, we argue that this is still in play today and in conflict with an inclusive education.
Inkludering som allmennpedagogisk prinsipp i et vygotskiansk perspektiv
Authors: Nes Kari
Published: July 2023

In this chapter, attention is drawn to aspects of Vygotsky-inspired ideas and practices that are relevant to inclusive education for all students. Vygotsky himself, however, associated the term inclusion exclusively with the disabled. After briefly exploring what Vygotsky actually said about inclusion, present understandings of the concept of inclusion are outlined. The importance of learning together and from each other, for instance in a class, is emphasised, both from a broad inclusion perspective and from a Vygotsky-inspired sociocultural view of learning. More specifically, ‘dialogical space’ and different types of classroom conversations are addressed and illuminated with empirical examples from Norwegian primary schools.
Hasil Belajar PJOK Materi Passing Atas Bolavoli Peserta Didik Kelas IX E Meningkat Melalui Metode Part And Whole Berbantuan Feedback Visual
Authors: Agus Agus Wahyu Swiartha Adi Saputra , Kanca I Nyoman , Agus Wijaya Made
Published: July 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar PJOK materi passing atas bola voli peserta didik kelas IX E SMP Negeri 4 Negara meningkat melalui implementasi metode part and whole  berbantuan feedback  visual. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus. Subjek penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas IX SMP Negeri 4 Negara yang berjumlah 30 peserta didik terdiri dari 13 orang peserta didik laki-laki dan 17 orang peserta didik perempuan. Instrumen penelitian ini terdiri atas tes uraian dan pilihan ganda untuk aspek pengetahuan dan tes unjuk kerja untuk aspek keterampilan. Data dianalisis menggunakan deskripsi persentase. Hasil belajar aspek pengetahuan pada siklus I, terdapat 13 orang (43,33%) peserta didik tuntas, sedangkan hasil belajar keterampilan pada siklus I terdapat 18 orang (60%) peserta didik tuntas. Pada siklus II, hasil belajar aspek pengetahuan mencapai 30 orang (100%) peserta didik tuntas, sedangkan aspek keterampilan 30 orang (100%) peserta didik tuntas. Berdasarkan analisa data dan pembahasan, simpulan penelitian ini adalah hasil belajar PJOK materi passing atas bola voli peserta didik kelas IX  SMP Negeri 4 Negara meningkat melalui implementasi metode part and whole  berbantuan feedback  visual. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilaksanakan, Disarankan pada guru PJOK kelas IX dapat mengimplementasi Metode Part And Whole  Berbantuan Feedback  Visual di kelas IX SMP Negeri 4 Negara pada pembelajaran PJOK Materi Passing Atas Bola Voli karena dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik.
Propuesta de plantilla automatizada en Excel para evaluar autoestima, auto concepto y motivación
Authors: Flores Ramírez Yolanda
Published: July 2023

La reprobación y deserción en instituciones educativas de nivel superior se han convertido en problemas comunes, especialmente en los semestres iniciales, lo que afecta la eficiencia terminal. El objetivo de este estudio fue crear una plantilla única y automatizada en Excel con macros para evaluar los factores psicológicos y generar estrategias de intervención que ayuden a reducir estos índices. Se diseñó la plantilla con ítems de las escalas del Instrumento González Arratia (IGA 2001), la Escala de motivación académica (EMA) y la Tennessee Self Concept Scale. La metodología aplicada fue de enfoque cuantitativo, con un alcance descriptivo, experimental y de análisis. Las variables de estudio fueron la plantilla automatizada, la reprobación y la deserción.

El diseño de la plantilla se realizó siguiendo la programación básica de Excel con macros. Mediante el pilotaje se determinó que el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach tenía una confiabilidad de 0.79. La plantilla se aplicó a una muestra de 31 alumnos del primer semestre de la carrera de Contador Público en el Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Nuevo Casas Grandes, de los cuales 9 eran hombres y 22 mujeres, con edades comprendidas entre 17 y 18 años.

Los resultados de este estudio incluyen un instrumento automatizado para la evaluación individual, un informe sobre los puntajes obtenidos por los alumnos en cada uno de los factores y el diseño e implementación de una estrategia de intervención. Se concluye que el instrumento automatizado y la evaluación oportuna son clave para detectar situaciones de riesgo e intervenir con estrategias focalizadas y específicas, con el objetivo de promover la permanencia y retención de los alumnos.
Sarcoidosis-Lymphoma Syndrome: The Impact of Isolated Splenic Sarcoidosis
Authors: Piteira Ana Rita , Carrega Filipa , Silvério Rita , Fera Manuela , Pedroso Ermelinda
Published: July 2023

Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology, characterized by non-necrotizing granuloma formation in multiples organs. Isolated extrathoracic sarcoidosis has been reported in under 10% of the patients, and so isolated spleen sarcoidosis is extremely rare.
A 68-year-old woman presented to our hospital with 6-month history of anorexia, left hypochondrial discomfort and early satiety, aggravated with high fever, fatigue and generalized myalgia two days before coming to the hospital. The physical examination detected splenomegaly. Laboratory analysis revealed pancytopenia with hemolysis and an elevated angiotensin converting enzyme. Image studies showed splenomegaly with multiple hypoechoic lesions. Infectious and autoimmune etiology was excluded. Bone marrow biopsy excluded lymphoproliferative disease. Patient underwent ultrasonography-guided spleen biopsy finding noncaseating epithelioid cell granulomas. The patient was started on corticosteroids with symptom improvement. Two years after the diagnosis the pancytopenia recurred, and bone marrow biopsy was repeated revealing non-Hodgkin lymphoma infiltration.
Although splenic sarcoidosis was treated and the regular follow-up of the patient it was impossible to predict the development of lymphoma as it is still unknown what is the cause effect link between sarcoidosis and lymphoma.
Struktur koordinasi bahasa Aceh: kajian tipologi sintaksis
Authors:   Magister Ilmu Linguistik, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Tausya esi Syahrani , Effendi Sultan Salman ,   Magister Ilmu Linguistik, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Mulyadi Mulyadi ,   Magister Ilmu Linguistik, Universitas Sumatera Utara
Published: July 2023

This study aims to describe the types of coordination in the Acehnese language at the clause level and determine whether the language can be classified as accusative or ergative. The research utilizes a qualitative descriptive approach to outline the pivot system in Acehnese and formulate applicable patterns using coordination structures as a combination of clauses in testing the pivot system. The findings of this study reveal four types of coordination in Acehnese: intransitive-intransitive, intransitive-transitive, transitive-intransitive, and transitive-transitive. Furthermore, the presence of syntactic ergativity properties can be observed in coordinated sentences in Acehnese, resulting from the elision of referential arguments when they function as patients and subjects. Additionally, Acehnese also exhibits syntactic accusative properties, where arguments from intransitive clauses are elided and co-referenced with agents. Keywords: Coordination Structure, Pivot, Aceh Language, Typology
The Spectrum of Intradialysis Complications in Renal Patients Accessing Care in A Tertiary Hospital in South East Nigeria
Authors: Osineke Stanley O. , Jisieike-Onuigbo Nonyelum N. , Ifeoma I. Ulasi  , Odenigbo Charles U.
Published: July 2023

Background: Haemodialysis (HD) is currently the most common mode of renal replacement therapy (RRT) in the Sub-Saharan Africa. It is however, fraught with many complications which sometimes cause morbidity and mortality outside the primary kidney problems. Hence, there must be concerted effort to identify them early. This would enable the clinician institute preventive measures or treat them efficiently when these adverse effects occur.

Materials and Method: A prospective study was carried out among chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injury (AKI) patients in failure assessing HD care at the Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital (NAUTH) Nnewi dialysis center. Subjects were one hundred and twenty six in number: 84 CKD and 42 AKI. Sixty five (65) were males while sixty one (61) were females.  A total of three hundred and sixty nine (369) HD sessions were done. Sociodemographic data and medical history were obtained from each subject and relevant physical examinations and laboratory investigations were carried out prior to and intra dialysis for each subject. Results were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 17.

Results: Intradialytic complications occurred in 86 out of 126 subjects. The commonest intradialytic complication was hypotension (20.6% for patient-based analysis and 21.1% for session-based analysis). This was followed by hypertension (19.8% for patient-based analysis and 16.5% for session-based analysis). Other complications noted were fever (9.95%), chest pain (9.95%), cramps (1.0%) and seizure (1.0%).

Conclusion: In this study population, intradialysis hypotension was the most common complication followed by intradialysis hypertension. Patients on HD should be assessed and monitored actively to identify and possibly prevent or treat these complications when they occur.
A Hybrid Clustering Model for Determining Financially Needy Students for Sponsorship
Authors: King Opoku Samuel , Obeng Asare Yaw
Published: July 2023

Many organizations in the world are seeking effective means to provide financial assistance to brilliant but needy students. Many research works have been conducted to determine needy students based on classification methods which fail to separate financially stable students from needy ones as the class labels for the classification methods are affected by manual reviews, randomness and the discretion of the selection committee. This paper presents a hybrid clustering method for determining needy students based on income and expenditure using the K-Means and Expectation-Maximization methods with the logical AND operator to eliminate the limitations associated with the classification methods. The study reveals that hybridizing clustering methods yield better results. Also, for a normalized data categorization, the Euclidean distance gives better results than the Manhattan distance in the K-Means algorithm.
Internal structure and kinematics of the Zvenyhorod-Brats’k fault zone of the Ukrainian shield according to geophysical data
Authors: Mychak S.V. , Bakarzhieva M.I. , Orlyuk M.I. , Marchenko A.V. , Kurylo S.I.
Published: July 2023

Complex geomagnetic and tectonophysical studies were performed in order to characterize in detail the heterogeneity of the Earth’s crust of the Zvenyhorod-Bratskfault zone and to clarify its internal structure and kinematics. Based on the results of magnetometric studies, maps of the different wavelength components of magnetic anomalies were obtained, the sources of which are associated with different layers of the crust; the magnetization of the upper, middle and lower parts of the crust was estimated; 2D and 3D magnetic models of individual structures and areas were developed; geological and tectonic interpretations were performed.

The Zvenyhorod-Bratskfault zone is clearly manifested in the regional component of the geomagnetic field, separating its maxima and minima zones, and is also reflected by linear anomalies and bands of the short-wavelength component of the upper part of the crustal section. At the same time, it separates areas of the Earth’s crust with fundamentally different types of sources and their magnetization values: in the west, linear sources of the upper and middle crust of the GSZ are characterized by significant magnetization (up to 3—6 A/m) in contrast to the oval-shaped sources of the Ingul block with magnetization up to 1 A/m m.

Tectonophysical measurements of structural and textural elements of rocks were carried out at four sites along the rivers Velyka Vys’, Kilten’, Suhyi Tashlyk and Mertvovid. Processing and interpretation of field measurements of structural textural elements of rocks were done by the structural-paragenetic method of tectonophysics for III-IV depth levels using the Stereonet program.

It was established that the Zvenyhorod-Bratskfault zone was formed ≤2.45 billion years ago and consists of rectilinear shear zones related to different stages of fault formation. However, the main factor in the formation of the fault zone is the Pervomaisk stage, during which the L-shears with a strike azimuth of 345° and R-shears with a strike azimuth of 357° were formed. The presence of Archean phases of shear in it can testify to the earlier formation of the Zvenyhorod-Bratskfault zone relative to the Pervomaysk one.

The Proterozoic cycle of activation (~2.1—1.70 billion years ago) contributed to the formation of deposits and ore manifestations of minerals within the Zvenyhorod-Bratskfaults zone.
Deep structure and tectonics of the South Ukrainian monocline in the zone of juncture of the East European platform and the Scythian plate (according to gravimetric data)
Authors: Kozlenko M.V. , Kozlenko Yu.V.
Published: July 2023

In order to investigate the deep structure and tectonics of the central part of the South Ukrainian monocline (SUM), a detailed study of this structure was carried out using a network of gravimetric profiles. It is shown that on the part of the SUM, which belongs to the southern edge of the East European Platform (EEP), the basement is split into separate blocks with different characteristics of the consolidated crust. The crust of the Scythian Plate (SP) within the SUM has undergone considerable changes as a result of tectonic activation and significant complications of its structure. The distribution into the areas with different density characteristics of the basement of EEP and SP does not coincide, indicating that the development of the latter has not been fully inherited from the former. The obtained results, compared with data from other researchers in Prydobrydzha and Crimea, show that the northwestern shelf is an intermediate link between these terranes. A tectonic scheme of the research area based on the hypsometry of the surface of the second layer of the basement was built on the basis of the simulation. It was shown that the southern edge of the platform has undergone rather insignificant transformations, which are manifested in the emergence of an elongated intracrustal graben system along the EEP/SP boundary, divided by sublatitudinal faults into three blocks with different parameters. At the northern margin of the SP within the SUM, in addition to the grabens and horsts in the basement, there are sags and uplifts with boundary faults without vertical crustal displacements along them. Areas of the heterogeneous-heterochronous structure of the crust of the Baikal, Hercynian, and Kimmerian generations have been identified within SUM part of the SP. It has been determined that the Golitsyn fault system and the northern flank of the Karkinit trough were further restructuring during the Alpine tectogenesis phase. A variant of the Scythian Plate origin scenario based on the Mobilist ideas is proposed and substantiated by the results of the conducted studies and the available geological and geophysical information as a discussion.
Evolution of hydrocarbon deposits in the South Caspian Basin
Authors: Seidov V.M. , Khalilova L.N.
Published: July 2023

Studies of the South Caspian Basin display that the Early Pliocene sediments define mainly the structural characteristic of the section in this area. The Productive Series consists of deposits accumulated during the Pliocene epoch. It is known that within the basin, the major commercial hydrocarbon accumulations are attributed to the Productive Series of the Early Pliocene and concentrated mainly in the Absheron oil and gas province, Baku archipelago and Low Kur oil and gas provinces. Studies of fluid generation are required for correct planning of geological exploration for oil and gas in these areas.

This research work aimed to study the fluid generation processes in the South Caspian Basin by use of 3D modeling.

The history of hydrocarbon formation was reconstructed. Fluid generation focuses were studied and the distribution areas of these focuses was clarified. The maturity of the Middle Jurassic and Low Cretaceous sediments and Maikop and Diatom deposits were assessed, the temperature regime of the Maikop and Diatom deposits were analyzed. We also evaluated the hydrocarbon fields’ and mud volcanoes’ relations to the focal areas of small-focused earthquakes.

In the South Caspian Basin, the Middle Jurassic, Low Cretaceous, Maykop, and Diatom focuses of fluid generation were outlined and their allocation and time-spatial evolution history were researched.

Evaluation of the maturity of Middle Jurassic and Low Cretaceous sediments, Maykop, and Diatom showed neither oil formed at the peak of oil-gas generation with maturity values Ro=0.8ﬀ0.9 %, nor low-maturity gases of the transition zone even within the fluids of gas-condensate fields, while some oil fields had gases of abnormally high maturity of Ro=2.4ﬀ3.09 %.

3D modeling of paleogeotemperatures in Maykop and Diatom suites found that a) both in the western and the eastern part of the South Caspian Basin the temperature in the bottom of Maykop increases by 20 ◦C in comparison to the top of the suite; b) in the west of the trough in the middle portion of Diatom at a depth of 8000 m and in the east of the trough at 9000 m, the temperature reaches 120 ◦C.

In the case of small-focused seismicity caused by fluid-generation processes, the latter at the phase conversions are accompanied by high energy output, decompaction, pressing-out of fluids and matters in pseudo-liquefied state into the permeable areas of the media, thus assisting the development of diapiric structures and mud volcanoes.
PEDAGOGICAL ISSUES OF TRANSLANGUAGING PRACTICE IN INDONESIA: THE VOICE OF FOUR EFL TEACHERS
Authors: Witari Putu Sita , Sukamto Katharina Endriati
Published: July 2023

In Indonesia, many pedagogical stakeholders may not be familiar with translanguaging practices in EFL education. Indonesian EFL teachers may unconsciously have practised translanguaging in their classrooms, but they may not be aware that they have practised the activity. To explore the perspectives and beliefs about translanguaging, this study involves four Indonesian EFL teachers from four different geographical areas in Indonesia. Two of them teach EFL in formal education, while the other two in informal education settings. The data was collected by conducting an in-depth interview with each of them. Based on their perspectives, this study reveals four main pedagogical issues in translanguaging practice. They are (1) confusion of the concept, (2) institutional policy, (3) cognitive and social gains, and (4) complication. These four issues indicate that while theoretically translanguaging is said to potentially encourage learning, it still creates some controversies about whether or not it can lead success to in EFL learning. This study suggests that the implementation of translanguaging practice in the Indonesian context should depend on typical situations in every EFL classroom. Teachers should consider, among others, learners’ diverse backgrounds and also their existing linguistic repertoire, including their L1 knowledge. In making EFL learning meaningful, learners’ needs should be a priority.
The Effect of Application Middle Level Violin Textbooks on Violin Playing Skills in the Music Study Program, Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Surabaya
Authors: Dewi Vivi Ervina
Published: July 2023

This research aims to find out significant differences in violin playing skills between students who were taught using an intermediate level violin textbook made by a team of lecturers and students who were not taught using an intermediate level violin textbook made by a team of lecturers in the Music Study Program, Universitas Negeri Surabaya. The research method used is a quantitative method with a quasi-experimental type. Research result is known that the violin playing skills between the experimental group and the control group differ significantly. This conclusion is proven by the mean score of the experimental group which is higher than the control group in the posttest activity. The mean posttest score in the experimental group was 88.45. Meanwhile, the mean posttest score in the control group was 82.65. Another thing is also shown by the results of the independent sample t-test in the experimental group and the control group during the posttest activity with a calculated t value of 6.104 and a t table value of 2.086. The calculated t value > t table value, so it can be said that the experimental group and the control group differ significantly. Therefore, there is an influence of the application of an intermediate level violin textbook made by a team of lecturers on violin playing skills in the Music Study Program, Universitas Negeri Surabaya. The increase in violin playing skills was more demonstrated in the experimental group than the control group. This argument is proven by the mean pretest score in the experimental group of 81.15, while the mean pretest score in the control group is 80.7. The mean posttest score for the experimental group was 88.45, while the mean posttest score for the control group was 82.65. The experimental group experienced an increase of 7.3. This is shown from the mean score of 81.15 at the pretest which increased to 88.45 at the posttest. Meanwhile, the control group also experienced an increase in the mean score of 1.95.
Study of The Violin Book for The Development of Beginner Level Violin Teaching Materials Based on National Song
Authors: Ridhwan Urfan Saniylabdhawega , Milyartini Rita , Latifah Diah
Published: July 2023

The violin is proven to be able to build the positive character of a nation. Venezuela's experience with its program, El Sistema, where the violin instrument is learned by the wider community, has had a positive impact in terms of social and economic aspects, including a sense of empathy, cooperation, self-confidence and can help increase awareness of national identity. In Indonesia, the violin is known as a western classical musical instrument. This assumption is supported by the rise of violin course institutions that use eurocentric teaching materials. Learning from Venezuela's experience, an effort is needed to develop violin teaching materials that offer material related to Indonesian National songs, as an effort to build national character. As a first step, a review of beginner level violin books with high credibility will be carried out. The purpose of this study is to determine the characteristics of beginner level violin teaching materials. The research method used is analytical descriptive. This process is expected to produce the basics that need to be considered in the process of developing teaching materials, especially teaching materials for violin musical instruments. The researcher hopes to be able to inspire researchers who are developing music teaching materials through a content analysis process carried out by researchers to produce teaching materials with international standards.
Jagad Raya: Representation of Flora and Fauna in Wooden Craft From A Cosmological Perspective
Authors: Haryanto Eko , Mujiyono Mujiyono , Prameswari Nadia Sigi
Published: July 2023

The art of teak wood carving was one of the leading export commodities, especially wood carvings with flora and fauna motifs. Javanese culture and Hindu mythology influenced the flora and fauna motifs, so they had their meanings. This research aimed to develop carvings of flora and fauna motifs inspired by classic batik motifs using wood media. The results showed that the media used was teak wood with a finishing process without painting to produce a natural color. It was adjusted to its function and use in creating teak wood carvings. Wood carving did not only function to be enjoyed for its aesthetic value but as a decorative and sacred medium where each motif influences one's beliefs when creating artwork. In addition, teak wood carvings were used as symbols of a culture, and the designed motifs often contained the meaning of teachings to humans in carrying out life. Based on the economic aspect, the teak woodcarving industry strategically improved the community's income, especially for craftsmen in tourism centers. By making woodcarving crafts with flora and fauna motifs, it hoped that woodcarving crafts would not only use as decorative objects, but it used as an educational media for fine art, history, and Javanese culture, which were full of meaning to the broader community so that they could increase knowledge and encourage people to behave following the concept of cosmology.
El concepto de Jihad en la tradición de la guerra justa
Authors: Zomosa Signoret Andrea Cristianne Guadalupe
Published: July 2023

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Rwanda: para deconstruir un genocidio "evitable"
Authors: Leach Pamela , Conde Zambada Gilberto
Published: July 2023

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Decontamination of surface water from organic pollutants using graphene membranes
Authors: Bellucci Stefano
Published: July 2023

In this paper, we deal with one of the most urgent and relevant topics nowadays, i.e., water pollution. The problem is finding a valid candidate for the absorption and removal of different kinds of pollutants commonly found in water. There are already some indications about graphene oxide as a potential candidate. In the present work, we take a step forward to show how graphene nanoplatelets (rather than the oxide form of this material) are capable of decontaminating water. In this starting step, we use a specific substance as a model pollutant, i.e., acetonitrile, leaving for the future steps, to extend the analysis to additional types of pollutants. In addition to laboratory-produced graphene nanoplatelets, we already examined in the past; now we wish to consider also commercially available ones, so that the new results will not be bound to a laboratory (low technology readiness level) material, but will become interesting also from the industrial point of view, thanks to the scalability of the nanoplatelets production. For this aim, we compare the performance of two types of filters based on two classes of nanomaterials, i.e., those produced by microwave and ultrasound assisted exfoliation, already analyzed in our earlier works, with those commercially distributed by an Italian company, i.e., NANESA, http://www.nanesa.com/. The latter is an innovative SME involved in the production of graphene-based nanomaterials. We focus here in the graphene nanoplatelets, commercially available in industrial batches (GXNan grades). The present study leads to determine which filtering membrane, among the various types of commercial graphene considered, shows the greatest stability, and the lack of breakage of the membrane, concentrating on such accessory features, given that all types of graphene showed excellent adsorption properties.
Worksheets Dilemma in Early Childhood Education: Why and How Much Do We Use?
Authors: Şimşek Zeynep Ceren
Published: July 2023

The study was structured to determine the opinions of preschool teachers and preservice teachers on the use of worksheets within the scope of literacy preparation practices and was conducted with 30 preschool teachers and 30 preservice preschool teachers. Under the guidance of the research questions, it was determined that there were differences in the use and reasons for worksheets by teachers and preservice teachers. At the end of the descriptive analysis, 4 themes emerged to discuss the worksheets' positive and negative aspects in early childhood education. These themes are conceptualized as effects on academic skills, effects on social life skills, effects on motor skills, and effects on parents. The findings also revealed that teachers use writing sheets more, while preservice teachers avoid book studies and worksheets.