bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of variable thermal conductivity on flow of trihybrid nanofluid over a stretching surface
Authors: Jan Saeed Ullah , Khan Umar , Islam Saeed , Ayaz Muhammad
Published: August 2023

The present article describes the impact of variable thermal conductivity on the flow of ternary hybrid nanofluid with cylindrical shape nanoparticles over a stretching surface. Three nanoparticles combine in base fluid polymer. The assumption made will be used to model an equations. Modeled equations are in the form of a system of partial differential equations are difficult to solve can be converted to system of an ordinary differential equations, through resemblance substitutions, and will be solved numerically. Numerical scheme of Runge–Kutta order four is coupled with the shooting method to solve the resulting equations. The graphs in the study illustrate how physical quantities, such as magnetic field, injection/suction, nanoparticles volume fraction, and variable thermal conductivity, affected the velocity, skin friction, temperature, and local Nusselt number. The velocity profiles deflate as the volume fraction rises. While the temperature rises with an increase in the volume fraction of nanoparticles for both injection and suction, the velocity profiles also decline as the injection and suction parameter increases. Furthermore, as the magnetic field increases, the temperature profile rises while the velocity profile falls. The temperature curves increase as thermal conductivity increases. Finally, as the magnetic field is strengthened, the Nusselt number and skin friction decrease. The combination of mathematical modeling, numerical solution techniques, and the analysis of physical quantities contributes to the advancement of knowledge in this ternary hybrid nanofluid.
Two-dimensional graphitic metal carbides: structure, stability and electronic properties
Authors: Yam Kah-Meng , Zhang Yongjie , Guo Na , Jiang Zhuoling , Deng Hui , Zhang Chun
Published: August 2023

Via first-principles computational modeling and calculations, we propose a new class of two-dimensional (2D) atomically thin crystals that contain metal-C3 (MC3) moieties periodically distributed in a graphenic lattice, which we refer to as 2D graphitic metal carbides (g-MCs). Most g-MCs are dynamically stable as verified by the calculated phonon spectra. Our detailed chemical bonding analyzes reveal that the high stability of g-MCs can be attributed to a unique bonding feature, which manifests as the carbon-backbone-mediated metal–metal interactions. These analyzes provide new insights for understanding the stability of 2D materials. It is found that the calculated electronic band gaps and magnetic moments (per unit cell) of g-MCs can range from 0 to 1.30 eV and 0 to 4.40 μ
B, respectively. Highly tunable electronic properties imply great potential of 2D g-MCs in various applications. As an example, we show that 2D g-MnC can be an excellent electrocatalyst towards CO2 reductive reaction for the formation of formic acid with an exceptionally high loading of Mn atoms (∼43 wt%). We expect this work to simulate new experiments for fabrication and applications of g-MCs.
Tumor detection under cystoscopy with transformer-augmented deep learning algorithm
Authors: Jia Xiao , Shkolyar Eugene , Laurie Mark A , Eminaga Okyaz , Liao Joseph C , Xing Lei
Published: August 2023

Objective. Accurate tumor detection is critical in cystoscopy to improve bladder cancer resection and decrease recurrence. Advanced deep learning algorithms hold the potential to improve the performance of standard white-light cystoscopy (WLC) in a noninvasive and cost-effective fashion. The purpose of this work is to develop a cost-effective, transformer-augmented deep learning algorithm for accurate detection of bladder tumors in WLC and to assess its performance on archived patient data. Approach. ‘CystoNet-T’, a deep learning-based bladder tumor detector, was developed with a transformer-augmented pyramidal CNN architecture to improve automated tumor detection of WLC. CystoNet-T incorporated the self-attention mechanism by attaching transformer encoder modules to the pyramidal layers of the feature pyramid network (FPN), and obtained multi-scale activation maps with global features aggregation. Features resulting from context augmentation served as the input to a region-based detector to produce tumor detection predictions. The training set was constructed by 510 WLC frames that were obtained from cystoscopy video sequences acquired from 54 patients. The test set was constructed based on 101 images obtained from WLC sequences of 13 patients. Main results. CystoNet-T was evaluated on the test set with 96.4 F1 and 91.4 AP (Average Precision). This result improved the benchmark of Faster R-CNN and YOLO by 7.3 points in F1 and 3.8 points in AP. The improvement is attributed to the strong ability of global attention of CystoNet-T and better feature learning of the pyramids architecture throughout the training. The model was found to be particularly effective in highlighting the foreground information for precise localization of the true positives while favorably avoiding false alarms Significance. We have developed a deep learning algorithm that accurately detects bladder tumors in WLC. Transformer-augmented AI framework promises to aid in clinical decision-making for improved bladder cancer diagnosis and therapeutic guidance.
3D PET/CT tumor segmentation based on nnU-Net with GCN refinement
Authors: Xue Hengzhi , Fang Qingqing , Yao Yudong , Teng Yueyang
Published: August 2023

Objective. Whole-body positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scans are an important tool for diagnosing various malignancies (e.g. malignant melanoma, lymphoma, or lung cancer), and accurate segmentation of tumors is a key part of subsequent treatment. In recent years, convolutional neural network based segmentation methods have been extensively investigated. However, these methods often give inaccurate segmentation results, such as oversegmentation and undersegmentation. To address these issues, we propose a postprocessing method based on a graph convolutional network (GCN) to refine inaccurate segmentation results and improve the overall segmentation accuracy. Approach. First, nnU-Net is used as an initial segmentation framework, and the uncertainty in the segmentation results is analyzed. Certain and uncertain pixels are used to establish the nodes of a graph. Each node and its 6 neighbors form an edge, and 32 nodes are randomly selected as uncertain nodes to form edges. The highly uncertain nodes are used as the subsequent refinement targets. Second, the nnU-Net results of the certain nodes are used as labels to form a semisupervised graph network problem, and the uncertain part is optimized by training the GCN to improve the segmentation performance. This describes our proposed nnU-Net + GCN segmentation framework. Main results. We perform tumor segmentation experiments with the PET/CT dataset from the MICCIA2022 autoPET challenge. Among these data, 30 cases are randomly selected for testing, and the experimental results show that the false-positive rate is effectively reduced with nnU-Net + GCN refinement. In quantitative analysis, there is an improvement of 2.1% for the average Dice score, 6.4 for the 95% Hausdorff distance (HD95), and 1.7 for the average symmetric surface distance. Significance. The quantitative and qualitative evaluation results show that GCN postprocessing methods can effectively improve the tumor segmentation performance.
A torus source and its application for non-primary radiation evaluation
Authors: Cheng Han-Long , Wang Jin-Long , Wang Xiao-Yun , Wu Xiao-Guang , Xiao Jie-Fang , Wang Yang , Zheng Yun , Jin Xiao , Xu Ying , He Li-Juan , Li Cong-Bo , Li Tian-Xiao , Zheng Min , Zhao Zi-Hao , He Zi-Yang , Li Jin-Ze , Li Yun-Qiu , Hong Rui
Published: August 2023

Objective. Non-primary radiation doses to normal tissues from proton therapy may be associated with an increased risk of secondary malignancies, particularly in long-term survivors. Thus, a systematic method to evaluate if the dose level of non-primary radiation meets the IEC standard requirements is needed. Approach. Different from the traditional photon radiation therapy system, proton therapy systems are composed of several subsystems in a thick bunker. These subsystems are all possible sources of non-primary radiation threatening the patient. As a case study, 7 sources in the P-Cure synchrotron-based proton therapy system are modeled in Monte Carlo (MC) code: tandem injector, injection, synchrotron ring, extraction, beam transport line, scanning nozzle and concrete reflection/scattering. To accurately evaluate the synchrotron beam loss and non-primary dose, a new model called the torus source model is developed. Its parametric equations define the position and direction of the off-orbit particle bombardment on the torus pipe shell in the Cartesian coordinate system. Non-primary doses are finally calculated by several FLUKA simulations. Main results. The ratios of summarized non-primary doses from different sources to the planned dose of 2 Gy are all much smaller than the IEC requirements in both the 15–50 cm and 50–200 cm regions. Thus, the P-Cure synchrotron-based proton therapy system is clean and patient-friendly, and there is no need an inner shielding concrete between the accelerator and patient. Significance. Non-primary radiation dose level is a very important indicator to evaluate the quality of a PT system. This manuscript provides a feasible MC procedure for synchrotron-based proton therapy with new beam loss model. Which could help people figure out precisely whether this level complies with the IEC standard before the system put into clinical treatment. What’ more, the torus source model could be widely used for bending magnets in gantries and synchrotrons to evaluate non-primary doses or other radiation doses.
Revelation of resistive switching mechanism in AlOx based RRAM device
Authors: Fu Liping , Liu Hengyi , Fan Xiaolong , Li Yingtao
Published: August 2023

Resistive random access memory (RRAM) device based on conductive filaments (CF) is a promising candidate for next-generation nonvolatile memory applications. A detailed understanding of the resistive switching phenomenon is very important for RRAM development. In this paper, a numerical physics-based drift/diffusion model is presented to examine the resistive switching characteristic and morphological evolution of CF channels in AlOx based RRAM device. The experiment phenomenon and simulated results suggest that CF channels formed in the oxide film are composed of Cu metal and oxygen vacancy.
Energy spectrum and zero-temperature magnetic functions of a position-dependent mass system in a Pöschl-Teller-type potential constrained by a vector magnetic potential field
Authors: Eyube E S , Notani P P , Wadata U , Najoji S D , Bitrus B M , Yabwa D , Tanko P U
Published: August 2023

In this work, the position-dependent mass Schrödinger equation is solved with the Pöschl-Teller-like potential in the presence of magnetic and Aharonov–Bohm (AB) flux fields. The BenDaniel-Duke ambiguity parameter ordering is used to formulate the Hamiltonian operator for the system. An approximate analytical equation of the bound-state energy spectrum is obtained using the parametric Nikiforov-Uvarov solution technique along with a Pekeris-like approximation scheme. With the aid of the obtained equation for the energy levels, analytical formulas of magnetization and magnetic susceptibility at zero-temperature are derived and subsequently used to predict the physical properties of diatomic substances including the ground state H2, HCl, CO and LiH molecules. The expression for the bound-state-energy spectrum is used to generate numerical data for the molecules. The computed energy eigenvalues agree with the literature on diatomic molecules. The study revealed that in the absence of the external fields, the energy eigenvalues and magnetic susceptibility of the system are degenerate. However, with only a low intensity AB field, the degeneracy is completely eliminated from the energy states of the molecules.
Multivariate control charts for calibration of hydrophones using the Mahalanobis statistic
Authors: Crocker S E , Slater W H , Bergeron M A
Published: August 2023

Statistical analysis of data to ensure the validity of calibrations can be challenged when the measurement model describes a process and result that spans a high-dimensional parameter space. Calibration of hydrophones presents one such case whereby the sensitivity to acoustic pressure is calculated using measured values for several different quantities and the result is needed at many excitation frequencies distributed over a large bandwidth. We addressed this challenge by developing a multivariate statistical analysis procedure that supports efficient and effective process control for hydrophone calibrations. We first characterize the in-control condition by the mean and covariance of measurements expressed in a p-dimensional parameter space using a curated training data set. We then test subsequent measurements against a control limit using Hotelling’s T
2-test to compare the current measurement process to the training data. We report a case study for secondary calibration of hydrophones spanning a frequency range of 1 kHz–200 kHz where we detected an emergent defect in the laboratory’s calibrated reference hydrophone by inspection of data presented in multivariate control charts. Process control data collected during calibration services exceeded the control limits in intermediate and high-frequency bands by factors of 5.1 and 11.2, respectively. The process remained in control for the low-frequency band. These observations were consistent with misalignment of the reference hydrophone’s sensitive element, which we confirmed upon disassembly, inspection and repair of the instrument.
Observation of long-radial-range-correlation in turbulence in high-collisionality high-confinement plasmas on DIII-D
Authors: Hong R. , Rhodes T.L. , Diamond P.H. , Ren Y. , Zeng L. , Jian X. , Barada K. , Wang G. , Peebles W.A.
Published: August 2023

We report on the observation of spatially asymmetric turbulent structures with a long radial correlation length in the core of high-collisionality H-mode plasmas on DIII-D tokamak. These turbulent structures develop from shorter wavelength turbulence and have a radially elongated structure. The envelope of turbulence spans a broad radial range in the mid-radius region, leading to streamer-like transport events. The underlying turbulence is featured by intermittency, long-term memory effect, and the characteristic spectrum of self-organized criticality. The amplitude and the radial scale increase substantially when the shearing rate of the mean flow is reduced below the turbulent scattering rate. The enhanced long-radial-range-correlated (LRRC) transport events are accompanied by apparent degradation of normalized energy confinement time. The emergence of such LRRC transport events may serve as a candidate explanation for the degrading nature of H-mode core plasma confinement at high collisionality on DIII-D tokamak.
ICRF plasma production at hydrogen minority regime in LHD
Authors: Kovtun Yu.V. , Kasahara H. , Moiseenko V.E. , Kamio S. , Seki T. , Saito K. , Seki R. , Dinklage A. , Hartmann D. , Laqua H. , Stange T. , Lazerson S. , Alonso A. , Wauters T. , Kazakov Ye. , Ongena J. , Garkusha I.E.
Published: August 2023

This study aim is to develop further an ion cyclotron range of frequencies (ICRF) method of plasma production in stellarators based on the minority heating. The previous studies demonstrate production of low density plasma (9.5 × 1017m−3) at low power of up to 0.2 MW. The higher ICRF heating power experiments become possible after introducing a programmable ICRF power ramp up at the front of the ICRF pulse. With this trick, all the shots went with the antenna voltage within the safe range. Increase of the ICRF power predictably results in increase of the density of produced plasma. Without pre-ionization the plasma density achieved was 6 × 1018 m−3 which is 6 times higher than in previous experiments. However, the electron temperature was not high, the light impurities were hot fully stripped, and there were no recombination peaks after termination of the ICRF pulse. Plasma density is too low to provide good conditions for efficient plasma heating. For the reference, the ICRF heating of high density cold plasma prepared by electron cyclotron resonance heating is performed. Both electrons and ions were heated to high temperatures, and this plasma state is sustained. The antenna–plasma coupling was much better which result in larger heating power with the lower antenna voltage.
Condition & Life Evaluation of Structure by Various NDT Techniques for Reuse
Authors: Mahore Atharva , Patil Prakash , Mase Dilip
Published: August 2023

The most crucial element to take into account when developing operations in the building sector is steel. Therefore, it is essential to assess the state of steel in real-time to prevent failure later on in the structure’s useful life. When a structure’s strength declines over time, structural issues such as overloading, material deterioration, and physical damage may be discovered. If these issues are not addressed, the structure’s estimated lifespan may be shortened. For the purpose of evaluating the physical state of all structures that are 15 to 30 years old, the Indian government authorized a structural audit. The non-destructive testing techniques are adopted while conducting a structural audit on a steel structure. such as Vernier Thickness Caliper Test, Dye-Penetration Test, Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge, and Visual Inspection. The carbonation of concrete is one of the main reasons for the corrosion of reinforcement. The carbonation and corrosion deterioration model is developed and the Life Evaluation of Structure is showcased in this paper. The Sangam Steel Plant in Wardha, Maharashtra, undergoes a structural audit to determine the steel structure’s physical condition and determine the most cost-effective rehabilitation options to extend the structure’s life.
Natural way of treatment of domestic waste water by using anaerobic unit and engineered wetlands with phytoremediation
Authors: Meshram V M , Kumar B , Dahale P P
Published: August 2023

Population of world increase day by day and it may raise more than 9 billion upto 2040. Fresh potable water for drinking, domestic and agricultural use is life line of human, animals, plants. In present situation most of the countries fight with this scarcity of potable water. And in future situation will be very tuff. Construction of engineered wetlands is concept based on natural wetlands. Now days reduction of natural wetlands cause of water pollution, soil pollution and reduction of bio diversity. Processes of engineered wetlands surpass the problems of natural wetlands and will increase the capacity of waste water treatment process. Constructed wetland treated waste water on basis of natural process which is completely non-hazardous, eco-friendly and non-consumption of energy. At in present condition, land is costlier and most of the wetlands vanish due to effective use of lands, hence we found various hazardous changes like ground water depletion, increase of greenhouse gases (Methane, CO2), disturbance/vanishing of bio diversity lived into wetlands. Wetlands are also play a major role for flying animals, water animals for food chain and food web. Development of wetland is always cost effective, durable as compare to others conventional waste water treatments and engineered developed waste water treatment plants. Now a day’s, it very necessary to develop the techniques to reduce carbon foot prints and adopts those technology completely based on natural processes. Nature provides the techniques to humans but it need some scientific and engineered way to develop. Engineered developed wetlands have beautified locality/area and without any kind of odour, smell, nuisance of flying kits etc. Wetlands with pollution absorbent plants create bio diversity and beautified locality.
Experimental studies on mechanical properties of concrete by using artificial fine aggregate and as replacement of natural fine aggregate for sustainable development
Authors: Salla Sanjay R , Uppara Raghu Babu , Patel Tejash , Modhera Chetankumar
Published: August 2023

Concrete is the second most used material on the earth after water. The current era of concrete making material like the coarse and fine aggregate need alternatives to overcome the demand. In this present study, artificial fine aggregate or artificial sand (AS) as an alternative to fine aggregate has been investigated. The parameters studied in this study to investigate the AS effect of concrete are slump, modulus of rapture, compression strength, split-tensile strength, and shear strength. The experimental results show that the fresh properties and compression strength show significant changes when the replacement dosage of natural fine aggregate or natural sand (NS) increases with AS. However, the other parameters, namely shear strength, tensile strength, modulus of rapture, and AS replacement, also positively impacted concrete. The multi-criteria decision-making technique was used to determine the prepared mixtures’ optimum mixture. Based on TOPSIS analysis, it is confirmed that the replacement of AS is 25% more effective. The study revealed that 100% NS replacement is also possible by AS, but a suitable admixture is required for workability.
Study Of Ground Water Sample Analysing In Sasti Coal Mine Area Around Villages Dhopatala, Rampur And Rajura Town, District Chandrapur, State Maharashtra, India
Authors: Karmore Jaishree , Charpe P.S
Published: August 2023

The water quality analysis of Sasti coal Mines area around village Dhopatala, Rampur and Rajura town Ballarpur city of Chandrapur District, Maharashtra State. Therefore ground water nature main rule to learn its appropriateness and individuals drinking as well as agrarian water system. Hand pump water Sample was gathered from 12 unique areas and examined for chemical-physical characteristic like that Total dissolve salt, pH, temperature, Acidity, Alkalinity, CO2, chloride, calcium, Sulphate, Hardness, The nature of water was valuable for individuals drinking as well as agrarian purposes. Ground water nature decides the integrity of water for especially reason. Water quality test given data about the soundness of the stream. The difference in nature of water be visible to testing water over the timeframe. The water testing result compared with WHO and CPCB, BIS. The result shown by high concentration of parameters analysis found in this area.
Condition Assessment and Seismic Evaluation of High Rise Building Having Pylons on Outer Periphery and Central Core Tube System Connected With Waffle Slab
Authors: Sonkusare Rutuj Ravindra , Hiwase Prashant Dnyaneshwar , Siddh Sharda P. , Dahale Prasad Prakashrao
Published: August 2023

An existing structure has to have its condition assessed primarily to determine whether it still meets the requirements for serviceability and safety. Continuously monitoring concrete structures can be done more effectively using NDT technologies. As a result of recent earthquakes in the Indian many existing buildings need to undergo a seismic evaluation. This project work contains condition assessment of existing RCC framed structure through detailed visual inspection and preparation of distress mapping plan along with evaluation of in-situ strength of structural components using non destructive tests. Prepared structural drawings of existing building using state of art device. Also carried out seismic evaluation based on condition assessment using FEM based software (Etabs). Standard repair/strengthening methodologies against observed deficiencies are recommended.
Numerical Modelling for effect of rainfall on unsaturated soil slopes
Authors: Mehta Aashish A. , maidamwar pranay
Published: August 2023

Expansive soils are predominant in many parts of the world. Expansive soil treated as problematic soils, as economic and design a safe slope on expansive soils is major challenge for civil engineers. Expansive soils were compacted under unsaturated condition, in various construction projects. Major failures reported in many countries around the world are due to swell shrinkage characteristics causing unstable slopes. Fills and compacted soils have an inherent suction when they are first compacted. The suction is the most important factor which affects the shear strength of unsaturated soil. variation of suction in unsaturated soil is an important factor considered for solving issues like slope stability and bearing capacity failure in unsaturated soil. Rainwater infiltration are major triggering factor for failureof expansive soil slopes. The strength of unsaturated soil changes with water evaporation and infiltration. Due to infiltration of rainwater into the soil a significant change in the pore water takes place. Hence, this fluctuation in pore water pressure responsible for the distinct mechanical behavior of unsaturated soil under different Geotechnical problems.

A numerical modeling was done with Plaxis LE software, considering parameters of unsaturated soil. As the changes in pore-water pressure and moisture content are a function of the flow of moisture through the soil-atmosphere boundary.The effect of soil type, rainfall intensity, location of ground water table, permeability functionsareconsidered to reproduce the soil-atmosphere interaction. Obtain results illustrates the combine effect of suction and increase of saturation due to rainfall on slopes. It was observed that rainfall increase the induced matric suction and increase the positive pore water pressure finally results in slope failures.
Effect of Various Concentric Bracing in Building
Authors: Janbandhu Akshita , Singh Piyush , Dabhekar K R , Khedikar I , Shukla Janmejay V
Published: August 2023

While constructing a building the most important factor to be considered is its strength. Strength against different types of load that will be act on the structure after absolute construction. The most important type of load to be considered while construction is lateral load, cause not every structure can sustain lateral loads, especially high-rise structures build on earthquake prone areas. In order to resist lateral loads on such areas either the structure should have columns of higher section or we need to add shear wall or bracing to the structure. Bracing and shear wall provide lateral support to any structure. Bracing as well as shear wall takes the extra load of columns and beams during an earthquake which helps in load balancing. In this paper we have made a G+7 building and did earthquake analysis on STAAD.PRO software as per zone V. When earthquake load is applied to the structure without braces some of the columns an beams fail so in order to make the structure stable we applied braces (X and Diagonal) to the same structure and then compared the three models based on maximum storey displacement, maximum storey drift, bending moment, shear force and base shear.
Indirect Split-tensile Strength, Modulus of Rapture of Artificial Sand Concrete, and its relationship with Compressive Strength
Authors: Salla Sanjay R , Uppara Raghu Babu , Patel Tejash , Modhera Chetankumar
Published: August 2023

The present study investigates the relation of compressive strength to indirect split-tensile strength, modulus of rapture of artificial sand concrete. For this purpose, the concrete mixtures were prepared with M30 grade of concrete with the replacement of fine aggregate with artificial sand partially to thoroughly. Multiple regression models were developed for indirect split tensile-compressive strength and modulus of rapture-compressive strength results. The models were also compared with different codes of practice.
Agricultural waste material Cotton Stack Activated Carbon as a suitable adsorbent for removing nickel (Ni++) ions, a heavy metal, from aqueous solutions: Synthesis, Characterization, and Isotherm Study.
Authors: Burile A. N. , Khandeshwar S. R.
Published: August 2023

Activated carbon (AC) produced from the cotton stack with activating zinc chloride (CSZn) in muffle fernane under nitrogen atmosphere in 600°C. The chemical activation has increased its surface area. It shows a strong capacity of adsorption for the removal of nickel from an aqueous solution due to its enhanced porous structure and higher pHpzc value. The ability was studied using a variety of variables, such as varying the pH, concentration, temp, time of contact, and dose of adsorbent, and optimal conditions were found at pH 8, 10 mgL-1,90 min, 40°C and 200mg respectively. The removal of 75% of the Ni++ ion at a starting concentration of adsorbent at 100 mg was observed. The experimental adsorption results suit the Langmuir isotherm in the isotherm investigations fairly well. The efficient and affordable generation of activated carbon utilizing cotton stack agro-waste may be the solution for the issue of disposing of agricultural trash.
Stone Slurry in Cement Concrete for Sustainable Use in Civil Engineering Work
Authors: Kamble S.K. , Sachin Kale Rekha , Bhagat Ashish
Published: August 2023

The stone industry’s waste is to blame for a slew of environmental issues. The stone waste is rarely degradable and contribute to environmental hazards. The flowing of stone slurry with rainwater also pollutes the water bodies. This contaminated water has an impact on irrigation and drinking water supplies. Fine particles of by inhaling the stone slurry that flew with the air blasts, a major health concern was created. Fine particles of stone slime buildup on the leaves of plants, trees, and other vegetation, causing aesthetic issues. As 70 percent of wastes and only 30% of major product recovery contribute to the highest amount of indestructible wastes, plants and trees perish as a result of stone dust accumulation over leaf vegetation. The most effective method of reducing stone slurry pollution is to use it in bulk. The building sector is the only industry that can consume substantial amounts of stone slurry. The fineness modulus is 0.91, and the specific gravity is 2.61. Stone slurry replaces 30% of the sand in Cement Concrete, resulting in more strength than the Control, which is 1:1.5:3 Cement Concrete with 0% Stone slurry. In the building business, stone slurry may be easily used to make cement concrete.
Impact of elevated temperatures on properties of concrete with blast furnace slag as partial replacement of fine aggregate as green building material
Authors: Vaidya Vinayak D. , Vaghese Valsson , Morey Preeti K.
Published: August 2023

Concrete is widely used as construction material because it’s high durability and fire resistance. When any structures exposed to fire, its room temperature will raise continually, which cause deterioration of concrete structures. During high temperatures concrete loss it structural capacity and it may require strengthen and rehabilitations. This paper is an efforts to investigate the effect of elevated temperature on conventional concrete and concrete with granulated blast furnace slag( GBFS) as partial replacement of fine aggregate in proportions of 20%, 40 % and 60 % and 1 % steel fibers. The strength parameter was determine and compared with conventional concrete at controlled elevated temperatures like 200°C, 400°C, 600°C, 800°C, 1000°C for 0.5 hour, 1 hour and 1.5 hour constant heating and tested after 1.0 hours of natural cooling. This experimentation shown the strength of concrete with GBFS 40 performs well at all elevated temperatures as compared with conventional concrete.
Effect of cobalt addition on wear behaviour of TiB2 coating produced by TIG cladding process
Authors: Kumar Ravi , Kumar Das Anil
Published: August 2023

In this paper, the mechanical and tribological characteristics of TiB2 ceramic coating with and without cobalt (Co) addition developed using tungsten inert gas (TIG) cladding process on AISI 304 stainless steel (SS) were investigated. The effect of TIG process conditions as well as cobalt (Co) content on the microstructure, microhardness and resistance to wear were investigated systematically. The phase identification, microstructure, and elemental distribution map of the clad layer formed on the surface of an AISI 304SS substrate were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. Vickers microhardness testing apparatus and a pin-on-disc tribometer were used to evaluate the microhardness, resistance to wear, and coefficient of friction (COF), respectively. The result demonstrates that a dense and defect-free composite coating with a strong metallurgical bond to the substrate is possible. The average microhardness of the TiB2 ceramic coating without Co addition was 1704 HV, and the average wear rate was 15.1576 × 10−9 g N−1-m−1. In contrast, the TiB2 ceramic coating with Co addition exhibited an improved average microhardness of 1860 HV and a reduced average wear rate of 22.7364 × 10−9 g N−1-m−1, while the AISI 304SS substrate had an average microhardness of 216 HV and an average wear rate of 200.45×10−9 g N−1-m−1. The conclusion is that the TiB2 ceramic coating with Co addition exhibited superior mechanical and tribological characteristics, demonstrating its suitability for use in wear-resistant components. The higher microhardness of the TiB2 ceramic with Co-added coating indicates enhanced hardness and potential resistance to deformation, while the lower wear rate suggests improved durability and the ability to withstand frictional forces. Therefore, the TiB2 ceramic coating with Co addition shows promise for applications where wear resistance is crucial.
Lower Eyelid Blepharoplasty With Volume Preservation Using the Skin Flap
Authors: Miotto Gabriele C , Shauly Orr , Menon Ambika
Published: August 2023

Lower blepharoplasty is one of the most commonly performed facial plastic surgeries and can be approached through many different techniques to improve perceived aging and fatigue due to prominent eyelid fat pads, deep tear troughs, loose eyelid skin, and global periorbital deflation. The technique discussed herein is a personal approach to lower eyelid rejuvenation surgery by the senior author, focusing on volume preservation with conservative resection and transposition of lower eyelid fat pads, muscle preservation, and microfat grafting. The authors discuss a series of 80 patients with case examples and a technique video.

Level of Evidence: 5
TALAIA: a 3D visual dictionary for protein structures
Authors: Alemany-Chavarria Mercè , Rodríguez-Guerra Jaime , Maréchal Jean-Didier
Published: August 2023

Motivation

Graphical analysis of the molecular structure of proteins can be very complex. Full-atom representations retain most geometric information but are generally crowded, and key structural patterns can be challenging to identify. Non-full-atom representations could be more instructive on physicochemical aspects but be insufficiently detailed regarding shapes (e.g. entity beans-like models in coarse grain approaches) or simple properties of amino acids (e.g. representation of superficial electrostatic properties). In this work, we present TALAIA a visual dictionary that aims to provide another layer of structural representations.

TALAIA offers a visual grammar that combines simple representations of amino acids while retaining their general geometry and physicochemical properties. It uses unique objects, with differentiated shapes and colors to represent amino acids. It makes easier to spot crucial molecular information, including patches of amino acids or key interactions between side chains. Most conventions used in TALAIA are standard in chemistry and biochemistry, so experimentalists and modelers can rapidly grasp the meaning of any TALAIA depiction.

Results

We propose TALAIA as a tool that renders protein structures and encodes structure and physicochemical aspects as a simple visual grammar. The approach is fast, highly informative, and intuitive, allowing the identification of possible interactions, hydrophobic patches, and other characteristic structural features at first glance. The first implementation of TALAIA can be found at https://github.com/insilichem/talaia.
The Harmonising Outcome Measures for Eczema (HOME) implementation roadmap
Authors: Leshem Yael A , Simpson Eric L , Apfelbacher Christian , Spuls Phyllis I , Thomas Kim S , Schmitt Jochen , Howells Laura , Gerbens Louise A A , Jacobson Michael E , Katoh Norito , Williams Hywel C
Published: August 2023

Background

Core outcome sets (COS) are consensus-driven sets of minimum outcomes that should be measured and reported in all clinical trials. COS aim to reduce heterogeneity in outcome measurement and reporting, and selective outcome reporting. Implementing COS into clinical trials is challenging. Guidance to improve COS uptake in dermatology is lacking.

Objectives

To develop a structured practical guide to COS implementation.

Methods

Members of the Harmonising Outcome Measurement for Eczema (HOME) executive committee developed an expert opinion-based roadmap founded on a combination of a review of the COS implementation literature, the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials (COMET) initiative resources, input from HOME members and experience in COS development and clinical trials.

Results

The data review and input from HOME members was synthesized into themes, which guided roadmap development: (a) barriers and facilitators to COS uptake based on stakeholder awareness/engagement and COS features; and (b) key implementation science principles (assessment-driven, data-centred, priority-based and context-sensitive). The HOME implementation roadmap follows three stages. Firstly, the COS uptake scope and goals need to be defined. Secondly, during COS development, preparation for future implementation is supported by establishing the COS as a credible evidence-informed consensus by applying robust COS development methodology, engaging multiple stakeholders, fostering sustained and global engagement, emphasizing COS ease of use and universal applicability, and providing recommendations on COS use. Thirdly, incorporating completed COS into primary (trials) and secondary (reviews) research is an iterative process starting with mapping COS uptake and stakeholders’ attitudes, followed by designing and carrying out targeted implementation projects. Main themes for implementation projects identified at HOME are stakeholder awareness/engagement; universal applicability for different populations; and improving ease-of-use by reducing administrative and study burden. Formal implementation frameworks can be used to identify implementation barriers/facilitators and to design implementation strategies. The effect of these strategies on uptake should be evaluated and implementation plans adjusted accordingly.

Conclusions

COS can improve the quality and applicability of research and, so, clinical practice but can only succeed if used and reported consistently. The HOME implementation roadmap is an extension of the original HOME roadmap for COS development and provides a pragmatic framework to develop COS implementation strategies.
MALAT1 regulates network of microRNA-15a/16–VEGFA to promote tumorigenesis and angiogenesis in multiple myeloma
Authors: Yan Han , Gao Su , Xu Aoshuang , Zuo Liping , Zhang Jiasi , Zhao Yuhong , Cheng Qianwen , Yin Xuejiao , Sun Chunyan , Hu Yu
Published: August 2023

MALAT1 is one of the most hopeful members implicated in angiogenesis in a variety of non-malignant diseases. In multiple myeloma (MM), MALAT1 is recognized as the most highly expressed long non-coding RNA. However, the functional roles of MALAT1 in angiogenesis and the responsible mechanisms have not yet been explored. Herein, we discovered a novel regulatory network dependent on MALAT1 in relation to MM tumorigenesis and angiogenesis. We observed that MALAT1 was upregulated in MM and significantly associated with poor overall survival. MALAT1 knockdown suppressed MM cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis, while restricting endothelial cells angiogenesis. Moreover, MALAT1 directly targeted microRNA-15a/16, and microRNA-15a/16 suppression partly reverted the effects of MALAT1 deletion on MM cells in vitro as well as tumor growth and angiogenesis in vivo. In addition, further study indicated that MALAT1 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA for microRNA-15a/16 to regulate vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) expression. Our results suggest that MALAT1 plays an important role in the regulatory axis of microRNA-15a/16–VEGFA to promote tumorigenicity and angiogenesis in MM. Consequently, MALAT1 could serve as a novel promising biomarker and a potential antiangiogenic target against MM.
Complement terminal pathway inhibition reduces peritoneal injuries in a rat peritonitis model
Authors: Kamegai Naoki , Kim Hangsoo , Suzuki Yasuhiro , Fukui Sosuke , Kojima Hiroshi , Maruyama Shoichi , Morgan B Paul , Zelek Wioleta Milena , Mizuno Masashi
Published: August 2023

Peritonitis and the resulting peritoneal injuries are common problems that prevent long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD) therapy in patients with end-stage kidney diseases. Previously, we have analyzed the relationship between the complement system and progression of peritoneal injuries associated with PD, particularly focusing on the early activation pathways and effects of the anaphylatoxins. We here utilized a novel mAb 2H2 that blocks assembly of the membrane attack complex (MAC) to investigate roles of the complement terminal pathway in PD-associated peritoneal injury. We intraperitoneally injected mAb 2H2 anti-C5b-7 (2.5 or 5 mg/rat) once or twice over the five-day course of the experiment to investigate the effects of inhibiting formation of MAC in a fungal rat peritonitis model caused by repeated intraperitoneal administration of zymosan after methylglyoxal pretreatment (Zy/MGO model). Rats were sacrificed on day 5 and macroscopic changes in both parietal and visceral peritoneum evaluated. Peritoneal thickness, the abundance of fibrinogen and complement C3 and MAC deposition in tissue and accumulation of inflammatory cells were pathologically assessed. The results showed that mAb 2H2, but not isotype control mAb, reduced peritoneal thickness and accumulation of inflammatory cells in a dose and frequency-dependent manner in the Zy/MGO model. These effects were accompanied by decreased C3, MAC, and fibrinogen deposition in peritoneum. In conclusion, in the rat Zy/MGO model, complement terminal pathway activation and MAC formation substantially contributed to development of peritoneal injuries, suggesting that MAC-targeted therapies might be effective in preventing development of peritoneal injuries in humans.
Integrating Intestinal Ultrasound into an Inflammatory Bowel Disease Practice: How to Get Started
Authors: Abraham Bincy P , Reddy Dheeraj , Saleh Adam
Published: August 2023

Intestinal ultrasound (IUS) offers a safe, noninvasive, point-of-care tool for diagnosing and monitoring disease activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IUS is used widely in Europe and Canada for IBD, but it remains underutilized in the United States. Growing interest in IUS in the United States has prompted many IBD centers to train their faculty in IUS. This, however, raises questions about how to effectively use this new tool in the United States, which does not use a social medicine model like those implemented in Europe and Canada. Here, we provide a practical framework for incorporating IUS in an IBD practice in the United States, including training requirements, equipment, and protocols for implementing IUS in daily practice.
Community efforts to promote vaccine uptake in a rural setting: a qualitative interview study
Authors: Nanyonjo Agnes , Nelson David , Sayers Emma , Lall Priya , Vernon-Wilson Elizabeth , Tetui Moses , Grindrod Kelly , Kane Ros , Gussy Mark , Siriwardena Niro
Published: August 2023

Vaccine hesitancy has been identified as one of the top 10 threats to global health. The causes of low vaccine uptake are many and vary at micro and macro levels. However, rural and remote coastal areas in the UK experience unique vaccine inequalities due to high levels of deprivation and their unique and complex access-related problems. This study aimed to explore community efforts to promote vaccine uptake during the COVID-19 pandemic and understand how the COVID-19 vaccination campaign was experienced by the public. We conducted an exploratory descriptive qualitative study using semi-structured interviews with decision-makers, health professionals and community members in Lincolnshire, a predominantly rural county with a long coastline, a large population of white minority ethnicities, and those living in caravan and temporary housing. Data were analysed using conventional content analysis. Overcoming the various access barriers to vaccination uptake involved working with local media stations, local communities and local community groups, translation of information, bringing vaccines closer to the people through pop-up and mobile clinics and provision of transport and ensuring confidentiality. There is a need to employ inclusive targeted non-conventional care interventions whilst dealing with complex problems as occur in rural and remote coastal regions.
Protecting the Arctic Indigenous Peoples’ Livelihoods in the Face of Climate Change: The Potential of Regional Human Rights Law and the Law of the Sea
Authors: Mardikian Lisa , Galani Sofia
Published: August 2023

Climate change presents existential challenges for the livelihoods of indigenous peoples, which depend on vulnerable ecosystems prone to extreme weather phenomena. Of all indigenous communities, those living in the Arctic have been worst affected. This raises the question to what extent international law can be mobilized to address the endangered livelihoods of Arctic indigenous peoples in light of rapid changes in the Arctic environment. This article examines two dimensions of the protection of livelihoods: an internal one—i.e. legal entitlements over assets, land and income—and an external one—i.e. the living environment in the Arctic. In so doing, the article analyses the right to property under regional human rights law and rules on the protection of marine resources under the law of the sea. Reflecting on relevant jurisprudence, it shows that both legal areas could provide important elements of litigation strategies to address the human rights costs of climate change.
In Quest of Influences of Polish Language Dictionaries on the Oldest Polish Sign Language Dictionary
Authors: Linde-Usiekniewicz Jadwiga , Łozińska Sylwia
Published: August 2023

The paper examines whether the authors of the very first Polish Sign Language dictionary, Słownik mimiczny dla głuchoniemych i osób z nimi styczność mających ‘A gestural dictionary for deaf and dumb and persons who have contact with them’, published in 1879, may have been influenced by any of the spoken Polish monolingual dictionaries available at that time. As there is no historical documentation about the circumstances in which Słownik mimiczny was compiled, the inquiry necessarily relies exclusively on internal evidence: comparison of headword spelling, alphabetical ordering, direction of cross-references and the content of sample entries. The results indicate that such influence, if any, was only minor, and that the lexicographic strategies applied in Słownik mimiczny most likely resulted from the authors’ knowledge of Polish Sign Language and teaching practice.