bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhance Domain-Invariant Transferability of Adversarial Examples via Distance Metric Attack
Authors: Zhang Jin , Peng Wenyu , Wang Ruxin , Lin Yu , Zhou Wei , Lan Ge
Published: April 2022

A general foundation of fooling a neural network without knowing the details (i.e., black-box attack) is the attack transferability of adversarial examples across different models. Many works have been devoted to enhancing the task-specific transferability of adversarial examples, whereas the cross-task transferability is nearly out of the research scope. In this paper, to enhance the above two types of transferability of adversarial examples, we are the first to regard the transferability issue as a heterogeneous domain generalisation problem, which can be addressed by a general pipeline based on the domain-invariant feature extractor pre-trained on ImageNet. Specifically, we propose a distance metric attack (DMA) method that aims to increase the latent layer distance between the adversarial example and the benign example along the opposite direction guided by the cross-entropy loss. With the help of a simple loss, DMA can effectively enhance the domain-invariant transferability (for both the task-specific case and the cross-task case) of the adversarial examples. Additionally, DMA can be used to measure the robustness of the latent layers in a deep model. We empirically find that the models with similar structures have consistent robustness at depth-similar layers, which reveals that model robustness is closely related to model structure. Extensive experiments on image classification, object detection, and semantic segmentation demonstrate that DMA can improve the success rate of black-box attack by more than 10% on the task-specific attack and by more than 5% on cross-task attack.
Hamiltonian Cycles in Cayley Graphs of Gyrogroups
Authors: Maungchang Rasimate , Detphumi Charawi , Khachorncharoenkul Prathomjit , Suksumran Teerapong
Published: April 2022

In this study, we investigate Hamiltonian cycles in the right-Cayley graphs of gyrogroups. More specifically, we give a gyrogroup version of the factor group lemma and show that some right-Cayley graphs of certain gyrogroups are Hamiltonian.
Predicting the 305-Day Milk Yield of Holstein-Friesian Cows Depending on the Conformation Traits and Farm Using Simplified Selective Ensembles
Authors: Gocheva-Ilieva Snezhana , Yordanova Antoaneta , Kulina Hristina
Published: April 2022

In animal husbandry, it is of great interest to determine and control the key factors that affect the production characteristics of animals, such as milk yield. In this study, simplified selective tree-based ensembles were used for modeling and forecasting the 305-day average milk yield of Holstein-Friesian cows, depending on 12 external traits and the farm as an environmental factor. The preprocessing of the initial independent variables included their transformation into rotated principal components. The resulting dataset was divided into learning (75%) and holdout test (25%) subsamples. Initially, three diverse base models were generated using Classifiction and Regression Trees (CART) ensembles and bagging and arcing algorithms. These models were processed using the developed simplified selective algorithm based on the index of agreement. An average reduction of 30% in the number of trees of selective ensembles was obtained. Finally, by separately stacking the predictions from the non-selective and selective base models, two linear hybrid models were built. The hybrid model of the selective ensembles showed a 13.6% reduction in the test set prediction error compared to the hybrid model of the non-selective ensembles. The identified key factors determining milk yield include the farm, udder width, chest width, and stature of the animals. The proposed approach can be applied to improve the management of dairy farms.
Inferring from References with Differences for Semi-Supervised Node Classification on Graphs
Authors: Luo Yi , Luo Guangchun , Yan Ke , Chen Aiguo
Published: April 2022

Following the application of Deep Learning to graphic data, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have become the dominant method for Node Classification on graphs in recent years. To assign nodes with preset labels, most GNNs inherit the end-to-end way of Deep Learning in which node features are input to models while labels of pre-classified nodes are used for supervised learning. However, while these methods can make full use of node features and their associations, they treat labels separately and ignore the structural information of those labels. To utilize information on label structures, this paper proposes a method called 3ference that infers from references with differences. Specifically, 3ference predicts what label a node has according to the features of that node in concatenation with both features and labels of its relevant nodes. With the additional information on labels of relevant nodes, 3ference captures the transition pattern of labels between nodes, as subsequent analysis and visualization revealed. Experiments on a synthetic graph and seven real-world graphs proved that this knowledge about label associations helps 3ference to predict accurately with fewer parameters, fewer pre-classified nodes, and varying label patterns compared with GNNs.
Developing a Deep Neural Network with Fuzzy Wavelets and Integrating an Inline PSO to Predict Energy Consumption Patterns in Urban Buildings
Authors: Ahmadi Mohsen , Soofiabadi Mahsa , Nikpour Maryam , Naderi Hossein , Abdullah Lazim , Arandian Behdad
Published: April 2022

Energy has been one of the most important topics of political and social discussion in recent decades. A significant proportion of the country’s revenues is derived from energy resources, making it one of the most important and strategic macro policy and sustainable development areas. Energy demand modeling is one of the essential strategies for better managing the energy sector and developing appropriate policies to increase productivity. With the increasing global demand for energy, it is necessary to develop intelligent forecasting methods and algorithms. Different economic and non-economic indicators can be used to estimate the energy demand, including linear and non-linear statistical methods, mathematics, and simulation models. This non-linear relationship between these indicators and energy demand has led researchers to search for intelligent solutions, such as artificial neural networks for non-linear modeling and prediction. The purpose of this study was to use a deep neural network with fuzzy wavelets to predict energy demand in Iran. For the training of the presented components, a hybrid training method incorporating both an inline PSO and a gradient-based algorithm is presented. The provided technique predicts energy consumption in Tehran, Mashhad, Ahvaz, and Urmia from 2010 to 2021. This study shows that the presented method provides high-performance prediction at a lower level of complexity.
Optimization of Genetic Algorithm through Use of Back Propagation Neural Network in Forecasting Smooth Wall Blasting Parameters
Authors: Chen Ying , Chen Shirui , Wu Zhengyu , Dai Bing , Xv Longhua , Wu Guicai
Published: April 2022

With the continuous development in drilling and blasting technology, smooth wall blasting (SWB) has been widely applied in tunnel construction to ensure the smoothness of tunnel profile, diminish overbreak and underbreak, and preserve the tunnel’s interior design shape. However, the complexity of the actual engineering environment and the deficiency of current optimization theories have posed certain challenges to the optimization of SWB parameters under arbitrary geological conditions, on the premise that certain control targets are satisfied. Against the above issue, a genetic algorithm (GA) and back propagation (BP) neural network-based computational model for SWB design parameter optimization is proposed. This computational model can comprehensively reflect the relation among geological conditions, design parameters, and results by training and testing the 285 collected sets of test data samples at different conditions. Moreover, it automatically searches optimal blasting design parameters through the control of SWB targets to acquire the optimal design parameters based on specific geological conditions of surrounding rocks and under the specified control targets. When the optimization algorithm is compared with other current optimization algorithms, it is shown that this algorithm has certain computational superiority over the existing models. When the optimized results are applied in practical engineering, it is shown that in overall consideration of the geological conditions, control targets, and other influencing factors, the proposed GA_BP-based model for SWB parameter optimization has high feasibility and reliability, and that its usage can be generalized to analogous tunneling works.
On the Wavelet Collocation Method for Solving Fractional Fredholm Integro-Differential Equations
Authors: Bin Jebreen Haifa , Dassios Ioannis
Published: April 2022

An efficient algorithm is proposed to find an approximate solution via the wavelet collocation method for the fractional Fredholm integro-differential equations (FFIDEs). To do this, we reduce the desired equation to an equivalent linear or nonlinear weakly singular Volterra–Fredholm integral equation. In order to solve this integral equation, after a brief introduction of Müntz–Legendre wavelets, and representing the fractional integral operator as a matrix, we apply the wavelet collocation method to obtain a system of nonlinear or linear algebraic equations. An a posteriori error estimate for the method is investigated. The numerical results confirm our theoretical analysis, and comparing the method with existing ones demonstrates its ability and accuracy.
Meningioma Cell Invasion into DuraGen-Derived Dura Mater: A Case Report
Authors: Tamura Ryota , Kuranari Yuki , Orikasa Hideki , Katayama Makoto
Published: April 2022

Background: Dura mater infiltration is the main growth pattern of meningiomas. Local recurrence may occur in any type of meningioma, but it is more likely so in atypical meningiomas. Therefore, a wide resection of tumor cell-invaded dura mater is necessary to avoid recurrence. DuraGen® (an artificial dural substitute) can be used for dural reconstruction in meningiomas. Here, we report a rare case of a patient with atypical meningioma that invaded into the DuraGen®-derived mature dura mater. Case presentation: A 66-year-old female showed a three-time recurrence of atypical meningioma. Simpson grade I resection (en bloc tumor with autologous dura mater and DuraGen®-derived dura mater resection) was achieved at the 3rd recurrence. Collagen fibers running regularly and transversely were observed in the DuraGen®-derived dura mater resembling the autologous meningeal layer. Meningioma cell invasion, displayed by occasional EMA immunostaining, was observed in the DuraGen®-derived dura mater. Conclusions: This case indicates that meningioma cells may invade and survive in the DuraGen®-derived dura mater. Whether or not DuraGen® is not appropriate as a dural substitute remains unanswered. Further experiences are needed to validate these findings in large sample sizes.
The Intrinsic Parameters of the Polyamide Nanofilm in Thin-Film Composite Reverse Osmosis (TFC-RO) Membranes: The Impact of Monomer Concentration
Authors: Zhang Mengling , Hu Xiangyang , Peng Lei , Zhou Shilin , Zhou Yong , Xie Shijie , Song Xiaoxiao , Gao Congjie
Published: April 2022

The realistic resistance zone of water and salt molecules to transport across a TFC-RO membrane is the topmost polyamide nanofilm. The existence of hollow voids in the fully aromatic polyamide (PA) film gives its surface ridge-and-valley morphologies, which confuses the comprehensions of the definition of the PA thickness. The hollow voids, however, neither participate in salt–water separation nor hinder water penetrating. In this paper, the influence of intrinsic thickness (single wall thickness) of the PA layer on water permeability was studied by adjusting the concentration of reacting monomers. It confirms that the true permeation resistance of water molecules originates from the intrinsic thickness portion of the membrane. The experimental results show that the water permeability constant decreases from 3.15 ± 0.02 to 2.74 ± 0.10 L·m−2·h−1·bar−1 when the intrinsic thickness of the membrane increases by 9 nm. The defects on the film surface generate when the higher concentration of MPD is matched with the relatively low concentration of TMC. In addition, the role of MPD and TMC in the micro-structure of the PA membrane was discussed, which may provide a new way for the preparation of high permeability and high selectivity composite reverse osmosis membranes.
Impurity Combination Effect on Oxygen Absorption in α2-Ti3Al
Authors: Bakulin Alexander V. , Chumakova Lora S. , Kasparyan Sergey O. , Kulkova Svetlana E.
Published: April 2022

The effect of substitutional impurities of the transition metals of VB–VIIB groups on the oxygen absorption in the doped α2-Ti3Al alloy was studied by the projector-augmented wave method within the density functional theory. It is established that all considered impurities prefer to substitute for a Ti atom rather than an Al atom. Changes in the absorption energy due to impurities being in the first neighbors of the oxygen atom were estimated. It was demonstrated that the doping resulted in a decrease in the oxygen absorption energy, which is mainly caused by the chemical contribution to it. The interaction energy between impurity atoms was calculated in the dependence on the interatomic distance. It was shown that the configuration with the impurity atoms being in the second neighbors of each other was stable in comparison with other possible configurations. The influence of two impurity atoms being in the first neighbors of oxygen is additively enhanced. It was revealed that the effect of two impurity atoms on the oxygen absorption energy can be estimated as the sum of the effects of separate impurities with an accuracy of more than ~90%.
The Complexity of Sesquiterpene Chemistry Dictates Its Pleiotropic Biologic Effects on Inflammation
Authors: Arizmendi Narcy , Alam Syed Benazir , Azyat Khalid , Makeiff Darren , Befus A. Dean , Kulka Marianna
Published: April 2022

Sesquiterpenes (SQs) are volatile compounds made by plants, insects, and marine organisms. SQ have a large range of biological properties and are potent inhibitors and modulators of inflammation, targeting specific components of the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathway and nitric oxide (NO) generation. Because SQs can be isolated from over 1600 genera and 2500 species grown worldwide, they are an attractive source of phytochemical therapeutics. The chemical structure and biosynthesis of SQs is complex, and the SQ scaffold represents extraordinary structural variety consisting of both acyclic and cyclic (mono, bi, tri, and tetracyclic) compounds. These structures can be decorated with a diverse range of functional groups and substituents, generating many stereospecific configurations. In this review, the effect of SQs on inflammation will be discussed in the context of their complex chemistry. Because inflammation is a multifactorial process, we focus on specific aspects of inflammation: the inhibition of NF-kB signaling, disruption of NO production and modulation of dendritic cells, mast cells, and monocytes. Although the molecular targets of SQs are varied, we discuss how these pathways may mediate the effects of SQs on inflammation.
Optimizing Hydrolysis Resistance and Dispersion Characteristics via Surface Modification of Aluminum Nitride Powder Coated with PVP-b-P(St-alt-ITA) Copolymer
Authors: Wang Yu , Wang Shun , Zhu Guangdong , Xie Jianjun , Chen Zhan , Shi Ying
Published: April 2022

Developing new coating modification technology of aluminum nitride (AlN) powder for higher hydrolysis resistance is the key to prepare high-performance AlN ceramic substrate with water-based wet process in the future. In the this paper, The poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)-b-poly(Styrene/Itaconic anhydride) (PVP-b-P(St/ITA))block copolymer with PVP as the independent chain segment was designed and synthesized through reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, which was used for the study on coating modification, hydrolysis resistance, and dispersion performance of AIN powder. The study results show that, when using PVP macromolecular chain transfer agent (PVP-CTA) for the RAFT chain extension and polymerization in St/ITA binary system, the molecular weight increases linearly and the molecular weight distribution tends to decrease with the monomer conversion rate, which is in line with the activity-controlled characteristics of RAFT polymerization. The copolymer PVP-b-P(St/ITA) was used to for surface modification treatment of submicron AlN powder to generate esterification reaction, which was absorbed and bound to the powder surface. Hydrolysis resistance and dispersion experiments were conducted for modified powder, and the crystal phase and micro structure of modified powder were analyzed and observed through XRD, SEM, and TEM. It was found that copolymer modification had no effect on the powder crystal phase. A 8–21 nm passivation layer was coated on the surface, which can exist stably for 10 h in 60 °C water. Zeta potential and laser particle analyzer tests showed that modified powder featured excellent water-based slurry dispersion performance, and certain self-dispersing characteristics. The highest Zeta potential appeared in pH 6~7, and the particle granularity was distributed uniformly with the median particle diameter of 875 nm. The powder hydrolysis resistance and dispersion performance are significantly improved.
Chitin Nanofibril-Nanolignin Complexes as Carriers of Functional Molecules for Skin Contact Applications
Authors: Coltelli Maria-Beatrice , Morganti Pierfrancesco , Castelvetro Valter , Lazzeri Andrea , Danti Serena , Benjelloun-Mlayah Bouchra , Gagliardini Alessandro , Fusco Alessandra , Donnarumma Giovanna
Published: April 2022

Chitin nanofibrils (CN) and nanolignin (NL) were used to embed active molecules, such as vitamin E, sodium ascorbyl phosphate, lutein, nicotinamide and glycyrrhetinic acid (derived from licorice), in the design of antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant nanostructured chitin nanofibrils–nanolignin (CN-NL) complexes for skin contact products, thus forming CN-NL/M complexes, where M indicates the embedded functional molecule. Nano-silver was also embedded in CN-NL complexes or on chitin nanofibrils to exploit its well-known antimicrobial activity. A powdery product suitable for application was finally obtained by spray-drying the complexes co-formulated with poly(ethylene glycol). The structure and morphology of the complexes was studied using infrared spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy, while their thermal stability was investigated via thermo-gravimetry. The latter provided criteria for evaluating the suitability of the obtained complexes for subsequent demanding industrial processing, such as, for instance, incorporation into bio-based thermoplastic polymers through conventional melt extrusion. In vitro tests were carried out at different concentrations to assess skin compatibility. The obtained results provided a physical–chemical, morphological and cytocompatibility knowledge platform for the correct selection and further development of such nanomaterials, allowing them to be applied in different products. In particular, chitin nanofibrils and the CN-NL complex containing glycyrrhetinic acid can combine excellent thermal stability and skin compatibility to provide a nanostructured system potentially suitable for industrial applications.
Displacement Reaction-Assisted Synthesis of Sub-Nanometer Pt/Bi Boost Methanol-Tolerant Fuel Cells
Authors: Wu Xianling , Wang Dumei , Kang Xueming , Zhang Dongtang , Yan Yong , Guo Guangsheng , Sun Zaicheng , Wang Xiayan
Published: April 2022

The development of new synthetic methods for methanol-tolerant catalysts with improved performance is of fundamental importance for the commercialization of fuel cells. Herein, we reported a facile displacement reaction-assisted synthesis of graphene-supported sub-nanometer Pt/Bi catalysts (Pt/Bi/rGO). Bismuth (0) nanoparticles produced by NH3BH3 reduction can be further dissolved into the ethylene glycol, implying Bi(0) has a strong interaction with the hydroxyl group. That is the key interaction between Bi(0) and the functional group on the rGO to form the ultra-small Bi/rGO catalyst. Furthermore, Pt clusters are obtained by the displacement between Bi(0) and HPtCl4 and are directly anchored to the rGO surface. The as-synthesized Pt/Bi/rGO catalyst exhibits high oxygen reduction mass activity and high tolerance to methanol poisoning. In the presence of 0.5 mol/L CH3OH, the initial potential and activity of ORR were almost unchanged, which demonstrated great potential in the application of direct methanol fuel cells.
3D-Printable Oxygen- and Drug-Carrying Nanocomposite Hydrogels for Enhanced Cell Viability
Authors: Kumar Ravi , Kehr Nermin Seda
Published: April 2022

Nanocomposite (NC) hydrogels have been widely studied due to their tunable biochemical/ physical properties for tissue engineering and biomedical applications. Nanoparticles (NPs) that can carry bioactive hydrophilic/hydrophobic molecules and provide sustained release within hydrogels are an ideal all-in-one-platform for local drug delivery applications. Dual delivery of different bioactive molecules is desired to achieve synergetic therapeutic effect in biomedical applications. For example, the co-administration of drug molecules and oxygen (O2) is an ideal choice to improve cell viability, while reducing the harmful effects of hypoxia. Therefore, we prepared drug-loaded O2-carrying periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO-PFC) NPs and their 3D-printable hydrogel precursors based on gelatin methacryloyl (GelMa) to fabricate 3D-scaffolds to improve cell-viability under both normoxia (21% O2) and hypoxia (1% O2) conditions. We used rutin as the hydrophobic drug molecule to demonstrate that our O2-carrying PMO-PFC NPs can improve hydrophobic drug loading and their sustained delivery over 7 days, while supporting sustained O2-delivery for 14 days under hypoxia conditions. Furthermore, the fibroblast cells were interacted with NC hydrogel scaffolds to test their impact on cell-viability under both normoxia and hypoxia conditions. The improved rheological properties suggest the prepared NC hydrogels can be further tested or used as an injectable hydrogel. The improved mechanical properties and 3D printability of NC hydrogels indicate their potential use as artificial tissue constructs.
A Synchrotron Radiation Photoemission Study of SiGe(001)-2×1 Grown on Ge and Si Substrates: The Surface Electronic Structure for Various Ge Concentrations
Authors: Cheng Yi-Ting , Wan Hsien-Wen , Kwo Jueinai , Hong Minghwei , Pi Tun-Wen
Published: April 2022

Beyond the macroscopic perspective, this study microscopically investigates Si1−xGex(001)-2×1 samples that were grown on the epi Ge(001) and epi Si(001) substrates via molecular-beam epitaxy, using the high-resolution synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy (SRPES) as a probe. The low-energy electron diffraction equipped in the SRPES chamber showed 2×1 double-domain reconstruction. Analyses of the Ge 3d core-level spectra acquired using different photon energies and emission angles consistently reveal the ordered spots to be in a Ge–Ge tilted configuration, which is similar to that in epi Ge(001)-2×1. It was further found that the subsurface layer was actually dominated by Ge, which supported the buckled configuration. The Si atoms were first found in the third surface layer. These Si atoms were further divided into two parts, one underneath the Ge–Ge dimer and one between the dimer row. The distinct energy positions of the Si 2p core-level spectrum were caused by stresses, not by charge alternations.
An AI-Assisted and Self-Powered Smart Robotic Gripper Based on Eco-EGaIn Nanocomposite for Pick-and-Place Operation
Authors: Goh Qi-Lun , Chee Pei-Song , Lim Eng-Hock , Ng Danny Wee-Kiat
Published: April 2022

High compliance and muscle-alike soft robotic grippers have shown promising performance in addressing the challenges in traditional rigid grippers. Nevertheless, a lack of control feedback (gasping speed and contact force) in a grasping operation can result in undetectable slipping and false positioning. In this study, a pneumatically driven and self-powered soft robotic gripper that can recognize the grabbed object is reported. We integrated pressure (P-TENG) and bend (B-TENG) triboelectric sensors into a soft robotic gripper to transduce the features of gripped objects in a pick-and-place operation. Both the P-TENG and B-TENG sensors are fabricated using a porous structure made of soft Ecoflex and Euthethic Gallium-Indium nanocomposite (Eco-EGaIn). The output voltage of this porous setup has been improved by 63%, as compared to the non-porous structure. The developed soft gripper successfully recognizes three different objects, cylinder, cuboid, and pyramid prism, with a good accuracy of 91.67% and has shown its potential to be beneficial in the assembly lines, sorting, VR/AR application, and education training.
Photoionization of Electrons in Degenerate Energy Level of Hydrogen Atom Induced by Strong Laser Pulses
Authors: Xin Peipei , Qiu Tianhui , Ma Hongyang , Yuan Hua , Liu Hongping
Published: April 2022

Photoionization dynamics of bounded electrons in the ground state, the first and second excited states of a hydrogen atom, triggered by ultrashort near-infrared laser pulses, have been investigated in a transition regime (γ∼1) that offers both multiphoton and tunneling features. Significant differences in spectral characteristics are found between the three low-energy states. The H(2s) ionization probability is larger than the H(2p) value with a special oscillating structure, but both are much greater than the ground state H(1s) in a wide range of laser intensities. By comparing the momentum spectrum and angular distributions of low-energy photoelectrons released from these degenerate states, we find the H(2p) state shows a stronger long-range Coulomb attraction force than the H(2s) state on account of the difference in the initial electron wave packet. Furthermore, analysis of the photoelectron momentum distributions sheds light on both the first and second excited states with a symmetrical intercycle interference structure in a multicycle field but an intracycle interference of an asymmetric left-handed or right-handed rotating spectrum in a few-cycle field. By analyzing photoelectron spectroscopy, we identify the parity characteristics of photoelectrons in different energy intervals and their corresponding above-threshold single-photon ionization (ATSI) or above-threshold double-photon ionization (ATDI) processes. We finally present the momentum distributions of the electrons ionized by laser pulses with different profiles and find the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) is a strong factor in deciding the rotating structure of the emission spectrum, which provides a new method to distinguish the CEP of few-cycle pulses.
Morpho-Physiological Responses of Two Multipurpose Species from the Tropical Dry Forest to Contrasting Light Levels: Implications for Their Nursery and Field Management
Authors: Basave-Villalobos Erickson , Cetina-Alcalá Víctor M. , Conde-Martínez Víctor , López-López Miguel Á. , Trejo Carlos , Ramírez-Herrera Carlos
Published: April 2022

Understanding the responses that some plants exhibit to acclimatize and thrive in different light environments can serve as a guideline to optimize their production or establishment. Morpho-physiological changes in Crescentia alata and Enterolobium cyclocarpum were examined in response to varying light levels: 25%, 35%, 55% and 70% of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of total solar radiation. One-month-old seedlings were subjected to the light treatments; subsequently, the effects on morphology, photosynthetic capacity, nutrient status, non-structural carbohydrate reserves (NSC) and growth were evaluated in three-month-old seedlings. Light levels affected several morpho-physiological parameters. C. alata responded better to higher light levels and E. cyclocarpum to lower levels. Particularly, C. alata with 70% PPFD increased its size in height and diameter, and accumulated more biomass in leaves, stems, and roots; it also exhibited higher net assimilation rates, improved nitrogen and phosphorus status and growth. In contrast, E. cyclocarpum with 25% PPFD increased aboveground biomass, nitrogen levels and NSC in leaves. Both species show morpho-physiological changes that determine their ability to acclimatize to different light conditions. This serves as a basis for designing better management strategies in the nursery or field by defining the light environments conducive to a proper functioning.
The Formation, Stabilization and Separation of Oil–Water Emulsions: A Review
Authors: Tian Ying , Zhou Jingjing , He Changqing , He Lin , Li Xingang , Sui Hong
Published: April 2022

Oil–water emulsions are widely generated in industries, which may facilitate some processes (e.g., transportation of heavy oil, storage of milk, synthesis of chemicals or materials, etc.) or lead to serious upgrading or environmental issues (e.g., pipeline plugging, corrosions to equipment, water pollution, soil pollution, etc.). Herein, the sources, classification, formation, stabilization, and separation of oil–water emulsions are systematically summarized. The roles of different interfacially active materials–especially the fine particles–in stabilizing the emulsions have been discussed. The advanced development of micro force measurement technologies for oil–water emulsion investigation has also been presented. To provide insights for future industrial application, the separation of oil–water emulsions by different methods are summarized, as well as the introduction of some industrial equipment and advanced combined processes. The gaps between some demulsification processes and industrial applications are also touched upon. Finally, the development perspectives of oil–water treatment technology are discussed for the purpose of achieving high-efficiency, energy-saving, and multi-functional treatment. We hope this review could bring forward the challenges and opportunities for future research in the fields of petroleum production, coal production, iron making, and environmental protection, etc.
Influence of Material Microstructure on Machining Characteristics of OFHC Copper C102 in Orthogonal Micro-Turning
Authors: Jing Chuan-Zhi , Wang Ji-Lai , Li Xue , Li Yi-Fei , Han Lu
Published: April 2022

Micro-cutting is different from conventional cutting in its mechanics. The workpiece material is not considered to be homogeneous in the micro-cutting process. As a result, it is critical to comprehend how microstructure affects surface integrity, cutting forces, and chip formation. In this paper, we experimented with micro-turning on oxygen-free high-conductivity (OFHC) copper with different microstructures after annealing. Feed rate parameters were smaller than, larger than, and equal to the grain size, respectively. Experimental results show that when the feed rates are equivalent to the grain size, the surface roughness of the machined surface is low and the width of the flake structure on the free surface of chips is minimal, and the explanations for these occurrences are connected to dislocation slip.
Entangled with Mother Nature through Anthropogenic and Natural Disasters
Authors: Pfister Sina , de Jong Edwin
Published: April 2022

Since the turn of the twenty-first century, there has been a guiding imperative in anthropology to better understand people’s entanglements with nature. This article sets out to investigate the emergence of spiritual ecologies in the Chilean town of Constitución. Unlike most previous studies, we rethink the partial connections and entanglements of humans with nature through linking this to spirituality, environmental care and gender. By adopting a “kaleidoscopic perspective”, we aim to avoid a simplification or a singular representation of the (re-)entanglements with Mother Nature. Constitución provides an excellent setting for studying contemporary changes in human–nature entanglements as compounding crises of earthquakes, tsunami and forest fires, exacerbated by extensive timber production, that have struck the town during the past decade, have led to a resurgence by a large part of the population in interpreting and expressing their relationship with Mother Nature. Through intermittent ethnographic research between 2015 and 2019, we have concluded that the entanglements with Mother Nature in Constitución are the result of what we call Andean performative pragmatism, and the overrepresentation of women within the group of people who care for Mother Nature can be interpreted through an ecowomanist perspective that stands for the creation of social and environmental justice. As such, the findings offer a fresh and updated way to understand and interrogate the challenges confronting present-day human–nature relations in times of climate adaptation both in Chile and far beyond.
The Historical Formation and Academic Characteristics of the Tao-Ge School in Daoism
Authors: Yang Rong , Li Xia
Published: April 2022

The Tao-Ge School refers to the Taoists Ge Hong and Tao Hongjing as the main representatives in the Six dynasties period. It also includes numerous alchemists, physicians, and craftsmen who constituted a Daoist science and technology school in the Middle Ages. This school comprised an academic community characterized by scattered, small master–apprentice or family inheritance groups. It was founded and became popular between the 4th and 12th centuries. With alchemy, medicine, and technology as its main practice, it reflected the scientific and technological academic characteristics of cognitive positivism and rationalization, which emphasized an active understanding of nature, commitment to technological innovation, and a theoretical construction of knowledge. Historically, the Tao-Ge School had a profound impact on the practical methods and theoretical perspective of ancient Chinese science and technology, standing as an example of a school of science and technology with traditional Chinese cultural characteristics.
Суб’єкт злочину, передбаченого статтею 255 Кримінального кодексу України
Authors: Околіт О.
Published: April 2022

У статті проаналізовано проблемні питання суб’єкта злочину, передбаченого ст. 255 Кримінального кодексу України. Розглянуто дискусійні питання віку, з якого настає кримінальна відповідальність за створення, керівництво злочинною спільнотою або злочинною організацією, а також участь у ній. Розкрито окремі недоліки виокремлення спеціальних суб’єктів дослідженого злочину – службової особи (ч. 3 ст. 255 Кримінального кодексу України) та особа, яка здійснює злочинний вплив, або є особою, яка перебуває у статусі суб’єкта підвищеного злочинного впливу, у тому числі у статусі «вора в законі» (ч. 5 ст. 255 Кримінального кодексу України).

Сформульовано рекомендації для практики застосування положень про суб’єкта злочину, передбаченого ст. 255 Кримінального кодексу України, а також надаються пропозиції щодо їх удосконалення.
Rancangan Manajemen Kinerja Stratejik PT XYZ
Authors: Rakhmadan Audi , Saragih Eva Hotnaidah
Published: April 2022

This study aims to provide recommendations for a performance management system that can be implemented in PT XYZ. The company started implementing performance management in 2017 which is expected to help achieve company goals. However, the current implementation of performance management still needs to be improved, such as performance measurement which only uses behavior and competencies and there is a difference in the performance management process between the corporate and EPD teams. Three theories from Miles & Snow, Schuler & Jackson, and Fombrun are used to get the ideal direction of performance management based on business strategies, while Aguinis theory is used to identify gaps that occur in application in the field. The identification process was applied by document study, analysis of survey results to 40 respondents, and interviews with Senior Performance Management Specialists to obtain a strategic performance management plan that could be used by PT XYZ. Making performance as an indicator of performance appraisal, communication and monitoring of coaching & mentoring results is a recommendation for PT XYZ to improve its performance management.
Analisis Pembentukan Portofolio Optimal dengan Single Index Model dan Z-Score pada Emiten IDX BUMN 2O
Authors: Avianti Jihan , Ratnasari Martdian
Published: April 2022

This study aims to form an optimal portfolio and compare portfolio performance using a single index model and z-score. The z-score method is divided into 2 (two) according to the investment strategy, namely growth and value as investors' preferences in choosing a portfolio. The study population uses the IDX BUMN 20 for the period May 2018 - December 2020. The analysis results from the single index method have a portfolio return of 0.001339 with a risk to be faced of 0.0037724. The z-score growth investing method obtains a portfolio return value of 0.000989 and has a risk of 0.023369. Meanwhile, the z-score value investing method has a portfolio return of 0.001614 with a risk of 0.027416. Then the z-score value investing method has the highest performance evaluation value based on the sharpe ratio, treynor measure, and gen's alpha when compared to the other 2 (two) methods.
Pengembangan Bisnis PT Anagile Kharisma Utama
Authors: Tan Steven , Munir Ningky Sasanti
Published: April 2022

The increase in the number of cashless transactions due to the shift in the way of public payments to cashless began to surge rapidly at the end of 2018, but the amount of EDC payments did not increase. The business model design & business development of PT Anagile Kharisma Utama is intended to take the opportunity of the phenomenon by placing POS (Point of Sales) and PG (Payment Gateway) in one device, namely EDC Android. Business model design & business development are analyzed using the Business Model Canvas approach. The results of the analysis are nine elements in the business model, which are customer segments, channels, customer relationships, value propositions, revenue streams, key resources, key activities, key partnerships, and cost structure.
Panduan Kelayakan dan Pengukuran Kinerja Investasi PT Indo Inkubator Bisnis
Authors: Bachtiar Arief Jenny , Supangkat Hendrarto
Published: April 2022

The research in this thesis is motivated by the losses suffered by the venture capital company, PT Indo Inkubator Bisnis in acquiring a business partner. The purpose of this study is to formulate a guideline for the feasibility evaluation and performance measurement of the investment assets of PT Indo Incubator Bisnis. The results of the study concluded that there are six aspects that need to be evaluated before deciding to invest in a business partner. The six aspects are: legal aspects, operational aspects, market and competition aspects, key management aspects, financial aspects and valuation aspects. The results also concluded that there are four indicators that need to be routinely monitored for each business partner that has become the object of investment. The four indicators are: development of income value, development of profit value and margin level, development of dividend value, and development of share value of business units. The test results of the investment feasibility evaluation guide on the object of PT LMS conclude that this business unit is actually not a viable investment target. The results of the investment performance on the object of PT LMS also show that this investment asset does not have a good performance development.
Perumusan Strategi Samudra Biru Strategic Business Unit Express PT XYZ Periode 2021–2023
Authors: Fitriani Dieni , Firdaus Muhammad Ihsan , Phangestu Joni
Published: April 2022

The courier, express, and parcel (CEP) market in Indonesia is growing rapidly in line with the growth of e-commerce. These developments created intense competition among the CEP companies. SBU expresses PT. As a new CEP company, XYZ seeks to avoid the red ocean competition by innovating the Blue Ocean Strategy. The research method used is qualitative research to study social phenomena by processing data in words sourced from interviews and studies of company documents and articles from outside the company. Based on the blue ocean strategy analysis, PT. XYZ formulates the company's strategy by creating B2C (Business to Customer) and C2C (Customer to Customer), and B2B (Business to Business) business models. The formulation of the blue ocean strategy for CEP services for B2C and C2C, is delivery via 3D printing, eco-friendly packaging, drop off drive-thru, mobile outlets and halal logistics services. Meanwhile, for B2B, is  special handling for special goods, halal logistics services, environmentally friendly packaging, on-time delivery, and  logistics consulting services.
Peran Kualitas Produk dan Promosi terhadap Minat Beli Produk Coklat
Authors: Galieno Reza , Rahmawati Veronika , Mettan Santho Vlennery
Published: April 2022

The current food and beverage business can open up potential opportunities, one of which is chocolate products. Processed chocolate products can be very diverse, from chocolate bars to drinks. In this study, the focus is on the consumption of chocolate in the form of bars. This study aimed to analyze the effect of product quality and promotion on consumer buying interest in chocolate. The research was conducted by distributing questionnaires to the general public who like chocolate. Questionnaires were distributed to 150 respondents, and a total of 131 respondents were eligible for further processing. The study used respondents with criteria 18 - 50 years, domiciled in the city of Surabaya, and chocolate lovers. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis based on the t-test, which can explain the effect of an independent variable on the dependent variable. From the study results, it can be concluded that there is an effect of product quality and promotion on consumer buying desired. Hence, managerial implications for chocolate producers to focus more on product quality improvement and innovation, as well as packaging that is attractive and can also improve the durability of chocolate.
Experience of Using Cream-Paste Vartox in Monotherapy of Viral Warts
Authors: Искра А.С. , Искра Е.Л.
Published: April 2022

Приведены данные о клинических разновидностях бородавок, ассоциированных с различными видами вируса папилломы человека. Анализируются методы, применяемые для лечения бородавок: деструктивные, наружная терапия, комбинированная. Приводится собственный опыт лечения вирусных бородавок современным препаратом для наружной терапии, представляющим собой крем-пасту Вартокс компании «Фармтек», Россия. Входящая в состав крем-пасты Вартокс мочевина 40-процентная (карбамид) обладает мощным кератолитическим действием – размягчает поверхность бородавки для проникновения дополнительного противовирусного компонента пасты глицирризиновой кислоты 0,1%. Глицирризиновая кислота 0,1% обладает противовирусным действием, в том числе и в отношении вирусов папилломы человека. Взаимодействуя с вирусом, глицирризиновая кислота разрушает фазы развития данного вируса, обладает иммуностимулирующим действием.Эффективность лечения вирусных бородавок составила 76% (38 пациентов из 50). Клиническое излечение наблюдали как при первичном, так и при рецидивном характере процесса. Лечение характеризовалось отсутствием побочных эффектов и осложнений, малой травматичностью, хорошей переносимостью, полным восстановлением тканей без косметических дефектов.

There are some facts about clinical varieties of warts associated with various types of human papillomavirus. Here we analyze the methods used to treat warts: destructive, external therapy, combined. We present our own experience in the treatment of viral warts with a modern medi- cine for external therapy, which is a cream-paste Vartox from "Farmtek", Russia. Included In the cream-paste Vartox Urea 40 percent (urea), has a powerful keratolytic effect – it softens the sur- face of the wart for the penetration of an additional antiviral component of the paste glycyrrhizic acid 0.1%.Glycyrrhizic acid 0.1% has an antiviral effect, including against human papillomavirus.Interacting with the virus, glycyrrhizic acid destroys the phases of development of this virus, it has an immunostimulating effect.The effectiveness of treatment of viral warts was 76% (38 patients out of 50). The clinical recovery was observed both in the primary and in the recurrent nature of the process.The treatment was characterized by the absence of side effects and complications, low trauma, good tolerance, complete tissue recovery without cosmetic defects.
Interrelation of Alexithymia and the structure of Personal semantic self-Assessment of Patients in the state of Partial Mental Maladaptation with Psychosomatic Diseases
Authors: Мишиев В.Д. , Омельянович В.Ю. , Трещинская М.А. , Гриневич Е.Г.
Published: April 2022

В статье изложены результаты исследования, целью которого было выявление и структурирование гендерных особенностей влияния алекситимии на уровень семантической самооценки пациентов в состоянии парциальной психической дезадаптации и страдающих психосоматическими заболеваниями. Для достижения поставленной цели были решены следующие исследовательские задачи: в рамках отдельно рассматриваемых гендерных групп исследованы выраженность алекситимии у пациентов, страдающих психосоматическими заболеваниями, респондентов в состоянии парциальной психической дезадаптации и у практически здоровых; проведено сравнение выраженности алекситимии между исследуемыми группами и гендерами; проведена оценка взаимосвязи выраженности алекситимии с базовыми социально-психологическими и кросс-культуральными характеристиками обследованного контингента; обнаружены взаимосвязи выраженности алекситимии и семантической самооценки представителей исследуемых групп и выявлены гендерные особенности этих взаимосвязей.Исследование проводилось на репрезентативном материале, состоящем из 1400 респондентов, с использованием методики «Личностный (семантический) дифференциал», Торонтской алекситимической шкалы и дальнейшим статистическим анализом полученных результатов с использованием иерархического кластерного анализа, однофакторного дисперсионного анализа Фишера, вычисления коэффициента ранговой корреляции Спирмена и коэффициента частичной регрессии η2.

Thearticlepresentstheresultsofthestudyaimedatidentificationandstructuringthegenderfeatures of the influence of alexithymia on the level of semantic self-esteem of patients in the state of partial mental maladaptation with psychosomatic diseases. to achieve this goal, the following research tasks were accomplished: within the framework of separately considered gender groups, there was studied the severity of alexithymia in patients with psychosomatic diseases, the respondents in the state of partial mental maladaptation, and practically healthy ones. there was done the comparison of severity of alexithymia between the studied groups and genders. there was made the evaluation of the relationship between the severity of alexithymia and the basic socio-psychological and cross- cultural characteristics of the studied contingent. there was revealed the relationship between the severity of alexithymia and the semantic self-esteem of the representatives of the studied groups; the gender features of these relationships were revealed.the study was conducted on the representative material, which consisted of 1400 respondents, using the Personal (Semantic) differential approach, the toronto alexithymic scale, and further statistical analysis of the obtained results using hierarchical cluster analysis, Fisher’s one-factor analysis of variance, calculation of the Spearman rank correlation coefficient, and the partial regression η2.