bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Successful Aging in Colombia: The Role of Disease
Authors: Curcio Carmen-Lucia , Pineda Alejandro , Quintero Paola , Rojas Ángela , Muñoz Sandra , Gómez Fernando
Published: October 2018

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of successful aging (SA) and identify its predictive factors in a cohort of older people in the Colombian Andes Mountain. Method: Data were drawn from a prospective longitudinal study of community-dwelling elderly people in Manizales. SA encompassed indicators in four domains: physical, cognitive, emotional, and social functioning. Results: The prevalence of SA was 24.4%. The independent predictors were good and very good self-rated health, middle–high/high-income level, absence of chronic conditions, married status, high educational level, and very high spirituality. Discussion: The prevalence of SA was low: One of 10 people older than 65 years showed SA when presence of diseases was included in the criteria, compared with one of four when such an item was excluded. The identification of predictive factors allows distinguishing this population in primary care services and promoting strategies that ensure high functionality levels for as long as possible.
Disaster Nursing Knowledge and Competencies Among Nursing University Students Participated in Relief Activities Following the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquakes
Authors: Satoh Miho , Iwamitsu Hiroko , Yamada Eiko , Kuribayashi Yoshiko , Yamagami-Matsuyama Taeko , Yamada Yasuko
Published: October 2018

Objective

This study examined disaster nursing knowledge and competencies among university nursing students who participated in relief activities following the 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes.

Methods

Participants were university nursing students involved in disaster relief activities. Of the 260 individuals to whom a self-report questionnaire was distributed at nursing universities and hospitals located in Kyushu, southwestern Japan, 201 participants returned the questionnaires by mail (response rate 77.3%), of which 108 questionnaires were complete (valid response rate 41.5%). Questions involved experiences related to their volunteer activities, their motive for volunteering, type of relief activities performed, and use of disaster nursing knowledge and competencies.

Results

We identified four categories of disaster nursing competencies: “understanding and implementation of assistance to victims in collaboration with other members of the disaster response team,” “understanding the natural disaster’s influence on victims,” “ethical practice in a disaster recovery area,” and “understanding of their role within the disaster relief organization.” Those who had completed a disaster nursing program had superior measures of performance across all four competencies compared with those who had not yet completed the program.

Conclusions

Four domains of disaster nursing knowledge and competencies used by university nursing students during the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake relief activities were identified. Those who had completed a disaster nursing program had higher competencies than were those who were either currently or not yet enrolled in it.
Public and patient involvement in dementia research: Time to reflect?
Authors: Charlesworth Georgina
Published: October 2018

Public and patient involvement in research is a well-established requirement for applications to many grant-awarding bodies. Numerous models of consultation, collaboration and leadership have been developed to support all stages of research, from ideas development through to project execution and dissemination of findings. However, the interface between researchers and lay members is not always a happy one; scientific ‘fact’ may not square with lived experience; clinical researchers may regard their accumulated knowledge from working with many people with dementia and their families as ‘more valid’ than the individual experience(s) of a small number of public and patient involvement representatives; public and patient involvement members can fall victim to tokenism and manipulation. In this opinion piece, I consider the nature of representation in public and patient involvement in dementia research, and whether identifying disconfirmatory cases provides greater value than current consensus building approaches. I conclude by encouraging researchers to listen, reflect and embrace the opportunity to engage with alternative perspectives.
The Public Versus Private Space: The Feminization of Work in Tea Plantation
Authors: Baruah Juri
Published: October 2018

In many parts of the world, plantation labour is one of the lowest paid work categories in which women are highly marginalized. The Sivasagar district of Assam is predominated by tea gardens. Historically, this district has always had tea gardens and tea garden companies. This article highlights the idea of ‘feminization of work’ by differentiating the public/private spaces based on the dichotomy of ‘open/closed’ space in tea bagans (tea gardens) in the district, and focuses on the division of permanent and faltu (temporary) labourers and how women are trapped in these dichotomies. The article carries the narratives of women labourers from two tea gardens, which will be referred to as Tea Garden A and Tea Garden B, in the district, collected through interviews.
Women Farmers: The First Witnesses
Authors: Jodha Vijay S.
Published: October 2018

This photo essay captures the personal tragedy of women farmers in a large-scale and an ongoing agrarian crisis in India that has claimed over 300,000 lives by way of farmer suicides since 1995.
Assessment of Recovery From Geriatric Ankle Fracture Using the Life Space Mobility Assessment (LSA)
Authors: Ahearn Briggs , Mueller Claire , Boden Stephanie , Mignemi Danielle , Tenenbaum Shay , Bariteau Jason
Published: October 2018

Background:

The Life Space Assessment (LSA) is a validated outcomes measure that aims to assess the level of mobility and physical functioning within one’s own environment following a medical event. We sought to study the recovery of geriatric ankle fracture patients utilizing the LSA. We hypothesized that the LSA would provide improved assessment of these patients and help identify key differences in operative and nonoperatively treated patients.

Methods:

Prospective observational study of geriatric patients age 65 years and older with an ankle fracture with 1-year follow-up. Operative versus nonoperative intervention was determined by the attending physician on a patient-specific basis. The LSA, Short Form–36 (SF-36), and visual analog pain scale (VAPS) were administered at predetermined intervals postinjury and scores were analyzed for significance.

Results:

20 patients were enrolled in this study. 11 underwent surgery whereas 9 were treated nonoperatively. Regardless of treatment, the preinjury LSA score was 86.7. This significantly dropped to 20.6 at 6 weeks and recovered to 73.6 at 12 months. In the operative cohort, the LSA scores preinjury were 91.4 and improved to 87.6 after 1 year. The nonoperative group recorded 80.9 preinjury and only improved to 59.5 at 1 year ( P = 0.007). There was no statistically significant difference when comparing the results of the SF-36 and VAPS to the LSA.

Conclusion:

The LSA was effective in assessing recovery in geriatric ankle fracture patients. A severe deficit in mobility was seen for the first 6 months of recovery regardless of treatment. Operative patients ultimately returned to their baseline LSA at 1 year while nonoperative patients did not. Outcomes from the VAS and SF-36 mirrored the LSA but were not found to be statistically significant.

Level of Evidence:

Level II.
Unique dependence on Sos1 in KrasG12D-induced leukemogenesis
Authors: You Xiaona , Kong Guangyao , Ranheim Erik A. , Yang David , Zhou Yun , Zhang Jing
Published: October 2018

We and others have previously shown that KrasG12D is a much more potent oncogene than oncogenic Nras in hematological malignancies. We attributed the strong leukemogenic activity of KrasG12D at least partially to its unique capability to hyperactivate wild-type (WT) Nras and Hras. Here, we report that Sos1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, is required to mediate this process. Sos1 is overexpressed in KrasG12D/+ cells, but not in NrasQ61R/+ and NrasG12D/+ cells. KrasG12D proteins form a complex with Sos1 in vivo. Sos1 deficiency attenuates hyperactivation of WT Nras, Hras, and the downstream ERK signaling in KrasG12D/+ cells. Thus, Sos1 deletion ameliorates oncogenic Kras-induced myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) phenotypes and prolongs the survival of KrasG12D/+ mice. In contrast, Sos1 is dispensable for hyperactivated granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor signaling in NrasQ61R/+ cells, and Sos1−/− does not affect MPN phenotypes in NrasQ61R/+ mice. Moreover, the survival of KrasG12D/+; Sos1−/− recipients is comparable to that of KrasG12D/+ recipients treated with combined MEK and JAK inhibitors. Our study suggests that targeting Sos1-oncogenic Kras interaction may improve the survival of cancer patients with KRAS mutations.
Assessment of parasite clearance following treatment of severe malaria with intravenous artesunate in Ugandan children enrolled in a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Byakika-Kibwika Pauline , Nyakato Patience , Lamorde Mohammed , Kiragga Agnes N.
Published: October 2018

Background

Malaria control largely depends on availability of highly efficacious drugs, however, over the years, has been threatened by emergence of drug resistance. It is, therefore, important to monitor the impact of recurrent anti-malarial treatment on the long-term efficacy of anti-malarial regimens, especially in sub-Saharan African countries with high malaria transmission. Evaluation of parasite clearance following treatment of severe malaria with intravenous artesunate among patients in Eastern Uganda, was performed, as a contribution to monitoring anti-malarial effectiveness.

Methods

Parasite clearance data obtained from a clinical trial whose objective was to evaluate the 42-day parasitological treatment outcomes and safety following treatment of severe malaria with intravenous artesunate plus artemisinin-based combination therapy among patients attending Tororo District Hospital in Eastern Uganda, were analysed. Serial blood smears were performed at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 24 h, followed by 6-hourly blood smears post start of treatment until 6 h post the first negative blood smear when parasite clearance was achieved. Study endpoints were; parasite clearance half-life (the time required for parasitaemia to decrease by 50% based on the linear portion of the parasite clearance slope) and parasite clearance time (time required for complete clearance of initial parasitaemia).

Results

One hundred and fifty participants with severe malaria were enrolled. All participants were treated with intravenous artesunate. All study participants tolerated artesunate well with rapid recovery from symptoms and ability to take oral mediation within 24 h. No immediate adverse events were recorded. The median (IQR) number of days to complete parasite clearance was of 2 (1–2). The median (IQR) time to clear 50% and 99% parasites was 4.8 (3.61–7.10) and 17.55 (14.66–20.66) h, respectively. The median estimated clearance rate constant per hour was 0.32. The median (IQR) slope half-life was 2.15 (1.64, 2.61) h.

Conclusion

Parasite clearance following treatment with intravenous artesunate was rapid and adequate. This finding provides supportive evidence that resistance to artemisinins is unlikely to have emerged in this study area. Continuous monitoring of artemisinin effectiveness for malaria treatment should be established in high malaria transmission areas in sub-Saharan Africa where spread of resistance would be disastrous.

Trial registration The study was registered with the Pan African Clinical Trial Registry (PACTR201110000321348). Registered 7th October 2011, http://www.pactr.org/)
Correction to: Reduced order model of flows by time-scaling interpolation of DNS data
Authors: Sengupta Tapan K. , Lestandi Lucas , Haider S. I. , Gullapalli Atchyut , Azaïez Mejdi
Published: October 2018

The original version of the article [1] unfortunately contained an error in the figure.
Metabolic features of cancer cells
Authors: Wang Yugang , Xia Yan , Lu Zhimin
Published: October 2018

Cancer cells uniquely reprogram their cellular activities to support their rapid proliferation and migration and to counteract metabolic and genotoxic stress during cancer progression. In this reprograming, cancer cells’ metabolism and other cellular activities are integrated and mutually regulated, and cancer cells modulate metabolic enzymes spatially and temporally so that these enzymes not only have altered metabolic activities but also have modulated subcellular localization and gain non‐canonical functions. This review and several others in this issue of Cancer Communications discuss these enzymes’ newly acquired functions and the non‐canonical functions of some metabolites as features of cancer cell metabolism, which play critical roles in various cellular activities, including gene expression, anabolism, catabolism, redox homeostasis, and DNA repair.
Improving full-waveform inversion by wavefield reconstruction with the alternating direction method of multipliers
Authors: Aghamiry Hossein S. , Gholami Ali , Operto Stéphane
Published: October 2018

Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is an iterative nonlinear waveform matching procedure subject to wave-equation constraint. FWI is highly nonlinear when the wave-equation constraint is enforced at each iteration. To mitigate nonlinearity, wavefield-reconstruction inversion (WRI) expands the search space by relaxing the wave-equation constraint with a penalty method. The pitfall of this approach resides in the tuning of the penalty parameter because increasing values should be used to foster data fitting during early iterations while progressively enforcing the wave-equation constraint during late iterations. However, large values of the penalty parameter lead to ill-conditioned problems. Here, this tuning issue is solved by replacing the penalty method by an augmented Lagrangian method equipped with operator splitting (iteratively refined WRI [IR-WRI]). It is shown that IR-WRI is similar to a penalty method in which data and sources are updated at each iteration by the running sum of the data and source residuals of previous iterations. Moreover, the alternating direction strategy exploits the bilinearity of the wave-equation constraint to linearize the subsurface model estimation around the reconstructed wavefield. Accordingly, the original nonlinear FWI is decomposed into a sequence of two linear subproblems, the optimization variable of one subproblem being passed as a passive variable for the next subproblem. The convergence of WRI and IR-WRI is first compared with a simple transmission experiment, which lies in the linear regime of FWI. Under the same conditions, IR-WRI converges to a more accurate minimizer with a smaller number of iterations than WRI. More realistic case studies performed with the Marmousi II and the BP salt models indicate the resilience of IR-WRI to cycle skipping and noise, as well as its ability to reconstruct with high-fidelity, large-contrast salt bodies and subsalt structures starting the inversion from crude initial models and a 3 Hz starting frequency.
Gene Signature of the Human Pancreatic ε Cell
Authors: Dominguez Gutierrez Giselle , Kim Jinrang , Lee Ann-Hwee , Tong Jenny , Niu JingJing , Gray Sarah M , Wei Yi , Ding Yueming , Ni Min , Adler Christina , Murphy Andrew J , Gromada Jesper , Xin Yurong
Published: October 2018

The ghrelin-producing ε cell represents the fifth endocrine cell type in human pancreatic islets. The abundance of ε cells in adult pancreas is extremely low, which has hampered the investigation on the molecular pathways regulating the development and the function of this cell type. In this study, we explored the molecular features defining the function of pancreatic ε cells isolated from adult nondiabetic donors using single-cell RNA sequencing technology. We focus on transcription factors, cell surface receptors, and genes involved in metabolic pathways that contribute to regulation of cellular function. Furthermore, the genes that separate ε cells from the other islet endocrine cell types are presented. This study expands prior knowledge about the genes important for ε cell functioning during development and provides a resource to interrogate the transcriptome of this rare human islet cell type.
What Is This Thing Called Song?
Authors: Helsinger Elizabeth
Published: October 2018

What is a song? As a literary term, song had acquired particular historical meanings for poets writing in English by the mid-nineteenth century. The ballad and song revival of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries reawakened interest not only in traditional ballads but in nonnarrative songs, both popular and elite—especially the songs of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. For poets writing in the nineteenth and well into the twentieth century, song, in the literary sense, was an inherited tradition exercising a strong countering pressure against the temptation to regard all lyric poems as first-person expressions of subjective feeling.
Simplet-dependent regulation of β-catenin signaling influences skeletal patterning downstream of Cx43
Authors: Bhattacharya Shashwati , Gargiulo Domenic , Iovine M. Kathryn
Published: October 2018

The correct positioning of joints in the vertebrate skeleton is not well understood. Mutations in connexin43 (cx43) cause the short segment phenotype of the zebrafish short fin (sofb123) mutant. We have shown that Cx43 suppresses evx1 expression, a transcription factor required for joint formation. Here, we provide novel insights into how Cx43 influences evx1 transcription. First, we find that Simplet (Smp) knockdown recapitulates the sofb123 phenotypes of reduced regenerate length and reduced segment length, and we find evidence for synergy between cx43 and smp. Moreover, knockdown of Smp increases the evx1 expression, similar to cx43 knockdown. Previous studies have shown that Smp is required for the nuclear localization of β-catenin. Indeed, β-catenin activity is required for segment length, and is reduced in both sofb123 mutants and following Smp knockdown in regenerating fins. We further show that blocking canonical Wnt signaling results in a synergistic reduction in segment length in sofb123/+ heterozygotes. Together, our findings suggest that both Smp and β-catenin function in a common molecular pathway with cx43 to influence both evx1 expression and joint location.
Taxes and US Oil Production: Evidence from California and the Windfall Profit Tax
Authors: Rao Nirupama L.
Published: October 2018

The recent boom in US oil production has prompted debates on levying new taxes on oil. This paper uses new well-level production data and price variation from federal oil taxes and price controls to assess how taxes affected production. After-tax price elasticity estimates range between 0.295 (0.038) and 0.371 (0.025). Response along the shut-in margin is minimal. There is no evidence of spatial shifting of production to minimize tax liabilities. Taken together, the results suggest that taxes reduced domestic production in the 1980s, and the response largely came from wells that continued to pump oil, but at a reduced rate. (JEL H25, H32, L71, L78, Q35, Q38)
Learning to articulate mathematical thinking
Authors: Moffett Pamela
Published: October 2018

Find out how placing a teacher focus on talking about mathematics, and developing vocabulary and context for children, is hugely beneficial when it comes to embedding numeracy skills in Year 1.
Let’s work together to create a better future
Authors: Cornwall Francesca
Published: October 2018

It is important that practitioners strive to ensure the links between nursery, school, parents and multi-professionals are of high quality, as it is the systems around the child that enable it to thrive.
Playing it fast and loose
Authors: Chapman Ailsa
Published: October 2018

Providing children with open-ended resources is all about experimenting with everyday objects you may never have considered before. It is often the unlikely items that prove the most popular and inspiring.
Confronting unconscious bias
Authors: Hopkins Claire
Published: October 2018

How far have we come and how far do we have to go? Professor Claire Hopkins discusses her experiences.
Mr Slop and the medical directors
Authors: Slop Mr
Published: October 2018

Our resident scribe critiques management methods for scolding doctors.
Scrutinising statistics, questioning BME unemployment: the uses of labour market statistics in Parliamentary Select Committee evidence sessions
Authors: Molina Julian
Published: October 2018

This article describes how statistics are scrutinised as evidence. It focuses on the uses of a labour market statistic during House of Commons select committee evidence sessions. The statistic in question was ‘55.5% of economically active black men, aged 16–24, are unemployed’. The article describes how this individual piece of evidence was scrutinised through ‘ordinary’ interactional practices. By drawing on ethnomethodology and conversation analysis, the article describes how questions and answers about this piece of evidence were organised by politicians, policymakers and witnesses. These members accounted for this statistic by expressing horror, questioning and interrupting witnesses, giving analyses of educational attainment, critiquing the validity of the statistic, citing factors such as ‘unconscious bias’, professing they were working hard, and sanctioning witnesses’ answers. The article shows how statistical evidence is both a tool and an object of scrutiny, a basic component for policy deliberation, and how it is interactionally organised through ‘ordinary’ practices.
Dressing for the dance: Aesthetics, ageing and gender in modern square dance
Authors: McCoy Liza , Schneider Barbara
Published: October 2018

This article examines clothing practices within the square dance community in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, whose members are mainly older adults in the 60–80 age range. What square dancers call ‘traditional dress’ is no longer required and is, even, overtly criticized by those seeking to update the image of square dance, but it remains the favourite of long-time dancers. Our focus is on the pleasures and practices of this clothing, with particular attention to sensory experience and to the activation of the clothing within forms of gender performance among older adults. Wearing traditional dress offers rich resources for aesthetic and physical expression and, for women in particular, an opportunity to assert forms of femininity that are otherwise seen as off limits to older women.
REPRODUKSI KULTURAL MITOS “PEREMPUAN IDEAL” JEPANG MELALUI SERIAL TV OSHIN KARYA SUGAKO HASHIDA TAHUN 1983
Authors: Puteri Yusnida Eka , Widarahesty Yusy
Published: October 2018

Japan was a fairly equitable matriarchal society until Confucian ideas immigrated from China. These ideas defined Japanese society up until the end of World War II. The integration of Confucian hierarchical structures where male domination shifted gender roles into a patriarchal system. Gender roles are defined by culture rather than physical differences between men and women. Japan traditional values that form the idealism of Japanese women continued until the early modern period. Those values known as “ryousai kenbo” (good wife and wise mother). This gender issues also widely seen in popular culture of the Japanese manga, anime to drama, one of the legendary popular drama is Oshin. Oshin is the name of the heroine of television drama that went out twice a day in Waku-waku Channel for a year . Oshin is much more than the epitome of the good wife and wise mother, she is courageous, hard working and preservering. This research is specifically conducted by looking at the dynamic of Japan gender issues through the serial movie of drama Oshin using cultural reproduction by Pierre Bourdieu.Key Words: Cultural Reproduction, Ideal Women,Oshin, Japan AbstrakJepang merupakan masyarakat matriarkal yang cukup sejajar hingga datangnya pemikiran Konfusian dari China. Pemikiran ini mendefinisikan masyarakat  Jepang sampai akhir Perang Dunia II. Integrasi struktur hierarkis Konfusian dengan dominasi peran gender laki-laki mengalihkan ke dalam sistem patriarki. Peran gender ditentukan oleh budaya dan bukan perbedaan fisik antara pria dan wanita. Nilai tradisional  Jepang yang membentuk idealisme wanita Jepang berlanjut hingga masa modern awal. Nilai itu dikenal sebagai “ryousai kenbo” (istri yang baik dan ibu yang bijak). Isu gender ini juga banyak terlihat dalam budaya populer manga Jepang, anime hingga drama, dengan salah satu drama populer dan legendaris adalah Oshin. Oshin adalah nama pahlawan drama televisi yang keluar dua kali sehari di Waku-waku Channel selama setahun. Oshin lebih dari sekadar lambang istri yang baik dan ibu yang bijak, dia pemberani, pekerja keras dan penjaga. Penelitian ini secara khusus dilakukan dengan melihat dinamika isu gender Jepang melalui serial drama drama Oshin dengan menggunakan reproduksi budaya oleh Pierre Bourdieu.Kata Kunci: Reproduksi Budaya, Wanita Ideal, Oshin, Jepang
“FATHERING JAPAN” :DISKURSUS ALTERNATIF DALAM HEGEMONI KETIDAKSETARAAN GENDER DI JEPANG
Authors: Widarahesty Yusy
Published: October 2018

The phenomenon of gender gap in Japan has brought many impacts of change in Japan from the declining birth rate and including the emergence of non-profit organizations (NPO) action groups namely "Fathering Japan"(Ikumen) founded by Tatsuya Ando in 2006, which tried to present as a form of resistance ideology from the myth of "Gender Stereotypes" hegemony in Japan.Ando established the NPOto encourage present and future fathers to play a more active role in child-rearing.“The priority of traditional Japanese fathers is work ... they don't know what to do even when they come home early," said Tetsuya Ando. Thus, it is important to study this social and cultural phenomenon to understand the whole structure of Japanese non-traditional security problem that can be seen through the “Fathering Japan” as a new discourse. By using the discourse alternative approach to analyze the role of the social movement of "Fathering Japan" (Ikumen) as the resistance ideology from Japan cultural mythology, the study was conducted by using qualitative methods through the Discourse Analysis by Ernesto and Chantal Mouffe.Keywords: Fathering Japan, discourse, Non Profit Organization, gender gap, JapanAbstrakFenomena kesenjangan gender di Jepang telah membawa banyak dampak perubahan di Jepang dari tingkat kelahiran yang menurun dan termasuk munculnya  Organisasi Non Profit  (NPO) yaitu "Fathering Japan" (Ikumen) yang didirikan oleh Tatsuya Ando pada 2006, yang mencoba menyajikan bentuk ideologi perlawanan dari mitos hegemoni "Gender Stereotypes" di Jepang. Ando mendirikan NPO untuk mendorong ayah hadir di masa depan untuk memainkan peran yang lebih aktif dalam membesarkan anak. "Prioritas ayah tradisional Jepang adalah pekerjaan ... mereka tidak tahu apa yang harus dilakukan bahkan ketika mereka pulang lebih awal," kata Tetsuya Ando.Dengan demikian, penting untuk mempelajari fenomena sosial dan budaya ini untuk memahami keseluruhan struktur masalah keamanan non-tradisional Jepang yang dapat dilihat melalui "Fathering Japan" sebagai diskursus baru. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan diskursus alternatif  untuk menganalisis peran gerakan sosial "Fathering Japan" (Ikumen) sebagai ideologi perlawanan dari mitologi budaya Jepang, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui Analisis Wacana oleh Ernesto dan Chantal Mouffe .Kata kunci: fathering Jepang, diskursus, NPO, ketimpangan gender, Jepang
Investigation of Drainage and Waste Water Quality for the Improvement of Technological Treatment Solutions
Authors: DOMASHENKO Yulia , VASILYEV Sergey , VASILYEV Dmitry
Published: October 2018

The purpose of this work is to study the qualitative indicators of drainage and waste water from irrigated areas in order to justify the treatment technology. The research was carried out within the Bagayevskaya irrigation system located in the Rostov Region, the Russian Federation. The location of the well is confined to the second terrace above the floodplain of the Western Manych River. The chemical composition of drainage water allows us to refer this water category to the sulfate class, the sodium group of a partially mixed cationic composition. The type of drainage water is sulfate sodium and sulfate calcium. In drainage runoff, there are no chlorine-magnesium waters, even in the autumn period. The content of biogenic elements during the observation period in the investigated wells was within the following limits: phosphates – from 0.04 to 0.75 mg/dm3, ammonium ions – from 0.07 to 1.35 mg/dm3, and nitrates – from 0.05 to 0.43 mg/dm3. An improved treatment method of drainage and waste water for crop irrigation is proposed. It includes the removal of mechanical impurities and petroleum products (in the first stage) on coalescent modules installed directly on the discharge or drainage channel in the form of a framework module and the release of heavy metal ions, organic substances and excess salts (in the second stage) in the sorption block, which includes three sorption layers – S-VERAD, zeolite and quartz in an equal ratio, placed in a grid of a filter cassette of the cassette-holding device.
Significant Changes of Tourism Industry in the Altai-Sayan Mountainous Region
Authors: DUNETS Aleksandr N. , ZHOGOVA Inna G.
Published: October 2018

This paper considers the significant changes that have occurred in the tourist space of the Altai-Sayan mountainous region. In fact, it is a cross-border area and an important tourist region in the Russian Federation. It should be mentioned that the structure of the tourist space can be studied properly while using the model of the territorial tourist system. The authors examine the common features of tourism systems in the mountainous environments of the region. The study examines the tourist infrastructure, organizers of tourist services, local people’s attitudes and tourists’ preferences in the tourist industry. Studies in the field of tourist space enable to distinguish the types of tourism and their distribution in the Altai-Sayan region. It is worthwhile noting that health tourism has become one of the fastest growing subfields in the tourist industry of this region. The tourist development projects such as the economic zone of “Turquoise Katun” and shore development projects of warm lakes have also encouraged this process. Moreover, ecotourism development is of great importance to this area because there are many protected natural areas and some of them are under UNESCO protection. Also, tourism development outlooks are associated with cross-border cooperation and sustainable economic development of the region.
Entrepreneurial Clusters as a Model of Spatial Development of Russian Tourism
Authors: DZHANDZHUGAZOVA Elena A. , DUSENKO Svetlana V. , ROMANOVA Marianna M. , ORLOVA Liubov N. , GOLONDAREV Klim S. , KURBANOV Salman Abduganievich
Published: October 2018

The relevance of the present study is attributable to the importance of the problem of economic development of Russian territories from the point of view of the retrospective territorial and sector approach, which has currently become widespread. In this respect, the article is aimed at studying and summarizing the cluster approach experience, which allows developing tourism in Russian regions. The authors of the following article focus on the processes occurring in tourist territories in the context of the Federal Target Program (FTP) "Development of Domestic and Incoming Tourism in the Russian Federation". In this regard, the main attention is focused on the best regional practices of cluster development and on the Kuzbass Region as the most original example. The underlying approach to the study of the problem was the allocation of the two key models of cluster formation in tourism: infrastructure and synergistic. The article reveals the elements of cluster policy, identifies the sources of funding for projects, and justifies the role of public-private partnership. The materials of this article are of practical value for the regional government entities, business and academic community.
Formation of Ethnocultural Tourism Clusters in Russia-Kazakhstan Borderline Territory
Authors: BANСEROVA O. L. , KASIMOVA A. R.
Published: October 2018

The purpose of the paper is to explore the region’s tourism potential and to identify items of material and intangible cultural heritage for the formation of ethnocultural centers and ethnocultural clusters. The paper outlines the concept of cultural heritage and its role for ethnocultural tourism. Stages of evolution of the concept are described starting from the 1980-ies when it referred only to material objects, particularly, historical and architectural monuments and sites, and up to the inclusion of intangible items in the early 21st century, which was marked by interest in the material processing methods, crafts, household and economic patterns, rites and customs of different ethnic groups. The study is focused on the borderline regions of Russia and Kazakhstan where the patterns of local peoples are most distinctive. As a result of the research, a map of ethnic settlements in the discussed region was drawn, and it was established that husbandry relied on household and distant-pasture cattle breeding, which emerged in the territory as early as the Bronze Age. The planning structure of a private farm, its elements and functional interrelation of buildings and production structures were determined, and the conclusion was drawn that, given the sustained ancient traditional household practices, the researched settlements were of interest for tourism and could serve as sites of ethnocultural tourism and provide a ground for the formation of ethnocultural establishments.
СОЦИОЛОГИЯ ПО-ПРЕЖНЕМУ ПОЛЕЗНА И ДАЖЕ НЕОБХОДИМА
Authors: MARTINELLI Аlberto
Published: October 2018

Текст не аннотирован
SPORT PRACTICES IN BIHAR AND UTTAR PRADESH: MAKING OF “SPORTS SOCIOLOGY” IN INDIA
Authors: ARCHER Margaret. S.
Published: October 2018

The ‘problem of normativity’ concerns the role that society’s value system, norms and conventions play in legislative regulation. Rapid social change was always problematic, for example the swift displacement of French Revolutionary law by the Napoleonic Code. What validated one or the other, since both broke with previous social norms? Traditionally, both legal and social theories appealed to shared normativity to account for the ‘bindingness’, the sense of obligation held to inhere in the law. However, the intensification of morphogenesis had growing negative repercussions on all the normative components of the legal order: law itself, norms and rules, conventions, custom and etiquette. It is argued that as these elements weaken, ‘Anormative Regulation’ (or ‘Bureaucratic Regulation’) takes over in contemporary society, entailing no ‘ought’, exerting a causal force not a moral one, and operating through penalizations and prohibitions, which are punitive without entailing either a criminal record or invoking social sanction.
HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE USA: MEMORY, STATUS, AND TRENDS
Authors: ALLEN Walter R.
Published: October 2018

This article examines how and why Blacks continue to be severely underrepresented in United States colleges and universities. Longitudinal analysis of Black student enrollment and degree completion at public, four-year institutions reveals the proportion of Blacks in state populations is consistently below the proportion Blacks attending state universities. The number of African American students at flagships has declined; but more Black students attend Black- Serving institutions, and Historically Black Colleges and Universities. The theory and research of the great twentieth century intellectual W. E.B. DuBois helps to frame and explain the barriers to Black access and success in U. S. higher education.
SUSTAINABLE TOURISM SUPRANATIONAL POLICIES AND THE WELLBEING — GAPS AND CHALLENGES FROM THE HOSTS’ AND THE GUESTS’ PERSPECTIVE
Authors: DLUZEWSKA Anna , RODZOS Jolanta
Published: October 2018

The year 2017 was declared by the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) as the International Year of Sustainable Tourism for Development. Tourism is seen as a “driver of development and peace, promoting the harmonious co-existence of people from all countries” (Beijing Declaration 2016). A principle of sustainable tourism is to “build sustainable cities and communities”. From this perspective, tourism should support the wellbeing of all actors involved. Wellbeing of hosts, should be achieved when sustainable tourism guidelines are fulfilled. Wellbeing of guests is necessary to make any destination attractive for tourism. The question posed in this paper, however, challenges that view. The paper presents a theoretical analysis of wellbeing in relation to sustainable tourism and to hosting and guest communities. The first section talks about wellbeing conceptual backgrounds including Social Indicators, index of life quality based on values, subjective wellbeing or responsible wellbeing one. The second section focuses on the analysis of wellbeing in sustainable tourism conceptual background, including the differences between the guidelines provided by WTO (2005), and the latest guidelines published by UNWTO ((United Nations World Tourism Organization)) and UNGA in 2015. The third section juxtaposes wellbeing conceptual background with tourism, the most prominent gaps and challenges of wellbeing regarding hosting communities and tourists.
NEIL J. SMELSER: SNIPPETS OF PERSONAL MEMORY
Authors: SZTOMPKA Piotr
Published: October 2018

No abstract provided
On the decomposition of the small diagonal of a K3 surface
Authors: Bazhov Ivan
Published: October 2018

We give a new proof of the theorem of Beauville and Voisin about the decomposition of the small diagonal of a K3 surface S. Our proof is explicit and works with the embedding of S in

P

g

${\mathbb P}^g$

. It is different from the one used by Beauville and Voisin, which employed the existence of one-parameters families of elliptic curves
Electromyographic Analysis of Shoulder Girdle Muscles in Volleyball Throw: A Reliability Study
Authors: Zandi Shahrzad , Rajabi Reza , Mohseni-Bandpei Mohammadali , Minoonejad Hooman
Published: October 2018

Study aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability of the electromyographic activity of selected shoulder girdle muscles during the overhead volleyball throw.

Material and methods: The test-retest reliability of EMG activity of selected shoulder muscles during an overhead volleyball throw was investigated in 15 non-symptomatic university-level female volleyball players for within-day sessions (with a one-hour interval) and between-day sessions (with a one-week interval). Time broadness (a measure of coordination) and root mean square of electromyography signals were obtained. Results: A high within-day (0.85-0.99) and moderate to high between-day (0.68-0.93) intraclass correlation coefficient for normalized RMS activity and a high within-day and between-day intraclass correlation coefficient (0.94 and 0.80; respectively) for time broadness were observed. Absolute agreement of measurements had small values (0.15-1.96). Trends toward higher intraclass correlation coefficient values and lower standard error of measurements, minimum detectable change, mean differ­ences and limits of agreements values were observed for within-day reliability in all test results compared with between-day reliability.

Conclusions: The results suggest that the activity of shoulder muscles can be reliably assessed during the overhead volleyball throw with the described procedure both in the amplitude domain (normalized average root mean square) and the time domain (time broadness of the activities).
A subcritical decomposable branching process in a mixed environment
Authors: Dyakonova Elena E.
Published: October 2018

A two-type decomposable branching process is considered in which particles of the first type may produce at the death moment offspring of both types while particles of the second type may produce at the death moment offspring of their own type only. The reproduction law of the first type particles is specified by a random environment. The reproduction law of the second type particles is one and the same for all generations.

A limit theorem is proved describing the conditional distribution of the number of particles in the process at timent,t∈ (0,1], given the survival of the process up to momentn→ ∞.
On coincidences of tuples in a q-ary tree with random labels of vertices
Authors: Kruglov Vasiliy I.
Published: October 2018

Let all vertices of a completeq-ary tree of finite height be independently and equiprobably labeled by the elements of some finite alphabet. We consider the numbers of pairs of identical tuples of labels on chains of subsequent vertices in the tree. Exact formulae for the expectations of these numbers are obtained, convergence to the compound Poisson distribution is proved. For the size of cluster composed by pairs of identically labeled chains we also obtain exact formula for the expectation.
The investigation of the cavitation processes in the radial labyrinth pump
Authors: Oleksandr Moloshnyi , Przemyslaw Szulc
Published: October 2018

The paper concerns the analysis of the cavitation processes in the flow passages of the radial labyrinth pump. The object of the analysis contains the active (moving) and the passive (stationary) discs with straight channels trajectory and semi-circular cross-section. The conversion of the mechanical energy into hydraulic based on the exchange of the momentum between the liquid remaining in the moving and the stationary areas of the discs as well as on the centrifugal increase of the moment of momentum. The analysis of the cavitation processes was realized by the experimental research and the numerical simulation. In the article, the comparison of the cavitation characteristics was carried out. The numerical simulation had given similar results to the experimental one, the process of the cavitation was visualized. Furthermore, numerical investigations helped to describe the cavitation development. The results of the numerical research such as the distributions of the velocity, pressure and vapor volume fraction in the passages were presented. At first, cavitation starts on the back side and on the top of the wall between channels of the active disc. Further, the cavitation areas are growing along the axis of the channels. Eventually, they separation was observed and vortices of the vapour-gas mixture in the middle of the channels were formed. This phenomenon is so-called super cavitation vortices.
Bibliometric analysis of literature regarding ostomy research based on the Web of Science database
Authors: Gao Lan , Cao Xiu-Zhen , Zhang Ying , Liu Tai-Fang , Zhang Ai-Hua
Published: October 2018

Objective

To analyze the literature status and research hotspots of Science Citation Index (SCI)-related ostomy in the world and to provide references for scientific research and clinical work in the stoma care field.

Methods

Based on the Web of Science core database and its own analysis function, HistCite analysis software and Excel were used to study the published research about ostomy patients.

Results

A total of 1,262 articles were published between 1910 and 2016 with the authors from 48 countries and regions, 1,347 research institutions, published in 321 journals, with 4,048 first authors and coauthors; globally, there was a trend of slow growth in the number of authors every year. The study in the USA was absolutely in the lead position, and Canada and Turkey were more active. China's circulation volume was the 15th in the world. The periodical that published most often was the Journal of Wound Ostomy and Continence Nursing The most interdisciplinary surgical studies were surgery and nursing, where these should be considered important. The most prolific author in the field was "Grant", and the highest cited article was entitled as "Living with a stoma: a review of the literature".

Conclusions

The related research of global stoma is constantly developing. The research hotspot is nursing before and after stoma surgery. China and the USA are leading countries in research. They should follow the recent trend to improve the depth and breadth of the research in the field.
Risk behaviors screening in Thai adolescents with acute and chronic illnesses
Authors: Leelathipkul Lalit , Ruangkanchanasetr Suwanna , Arunakul Jiraporn
Published: October 2018

Background

Adolescence is considered as a transition period from childhood to adulthood. This transition leads to various types of risk behaviors. Ten percent of adolescents suffer from a chronic illness that can limit their daily activities and which may exhibit higher rates of risk behaviors than those without chronic illnesses.

Objective

To evaluate the prevalence of risk behaviors in chronically ill adolescents compared to adolescents without chronic illnesses and their associated risk factors.

Methods

We enrolled 312 patients aged 10–20 years who visited Ramathibodi Hospital from January 2015 to December 2017. There were 161 adolescents with chronic illnesses and 151 without a chronic illness. We used a computer-based program for the Youth Risk Behaviors Survey as well as a confidentiality interview. Statistical analyses included the chi-squared (χ2) and Student’s t-tests as appropriate.

Results

The risk behaviors in chronically ill adolescents were the following: learning problems, 86.3%; excessive screen time, 62.3%; unintentional injuries, 60.2%; depression, 38.5%; low self-esteem, 18.1%; substance abuse, 13% and sexual behavior, 6.2%. Youths with a chronic illness were more likely to report significantly higher risk of excessive screen time (62.3% vs. 48%, p = 0.01), depression (38.5% vs. 15.9%, p < 0.01) and, also low self-esteem (18.1% vs. 8.6%, p = 0.01) compared to those without chronic illness.

Conclusions

These results indicated that adolescents with chronic illnesses engage more in health risk behaviors and are prone to mental health and learning problems. These data emphasize the importance of health risk behavior screening and preventive counseling for young patients with chronic illnesses where these risks might worsen their disease.
An inversion formula for the transport equation in ℝ3 using complex analysis in several variables
Authors: Saberi Fathi Seyed Majid
Published: October 2018

In this paper, the stationary photon transport equation has been extended by analytical continuation from

ℝ
3

{\mathbb{R}^{3}}

to

ℂ
3

{\mathbb{C}^{3}}

.
A solution to the inverse problem posed by this equation is obtained on a hyper-sphere and a hyper-cylinder as X-ray and Radon transforms, respectively.
We show that these results can be transformed into each other, and they agree with known results.
Numerical reconstructions of a three-dimensional Shepp–Logan head phantom using the obtained inverse formula illustrate the analytical results obtained in this manuscript.