bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SARS-CoV-2 infection prevalence and associated factors among primary healthcare workers in France after the third COVID-19 wave
Authors: Pouquet Marie , Decarreaux Dorine , Di Domenico Laura , Sabbatini Chiara E. , Prévot-Monsacre Pol , Fourié Toscane , Villarroel Paola Mariela Saba , Priet Stephane , Blanché Hélène , Sebaoun Jean-Marc , Deleuze Jean-François , Turbelin Clément , Rossignol Louise , Werner Andréas , Kochert Fabienne , Grosgogeat Brigitte , Rabiega Pascaline , Laupie Julien , Abraham Nathalie , Noël Harold , van der Werf Sylvie , Colizza Vittoria , Carrat Fabrice , Charrel Remi , de Lamballerie Xavier , Blanchon Thierry , Falchi Alessandra
Published: March 2024

Data on the SARS-CoV-2 infection among primary health care workers (PHCWs) are scarce but essential to reflect on policy regarding prevention and control measures. We assessed the prevalence of PHCWs who have been infected by SARS-CoV-2 in comparison with modeling from the general population in metropolitan France, and associated factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted among general practitioners (GPs), pediatricians, dental and pharmacy workers in primary care between May and August 2021. Participants volunteered to provide a dried-blood spot for SARS-CoV-2 antibody assessment and completed a questionnaire. The primary outcome was defined as the detection of infection-induced antibodies (anti-nucleocapsid IgG, and for non-vaccinees: anti-Spike IgG and neutralizing antibodies) or previous self-reported infection (positive RT-qPCR or antigenic test, or positive ELISA test before vaccination). Estimates were adjusted using weights for representativeness and compared with prediction from the general population. Poisson regressions were used to quantify associated factors. The analysis included 1612 PHCWs. Weighted prevalences were: 31.7% (95% CI 27.5–36.0) for GPs, 28.7% (95% CI 24.4–33.0) for pediatricians, 25.2% (95% CI 20.6–31.0) for dentists, and 25.5% (95% CI 18.2–34.0) for pharmacists. Estimates were compatible with model predictions for the general population. PHCWs more likely to be infected were: GPs compared to pharmacist assistants (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] = 2.26; CI 95% 1.01–5.07), those living in Île-de-France (aPR = 1.53; CI 95% 1.14–2.05), South-East (aPR = 1.57; CI 95% 1.19–2.08), North-East (aPR = 1.81; CI 95% 1.38–2.37), and those having an unprotected contact with a COVID-19 case within the household (aPR = 1.48; CI 95% 1.22–1.80). Occupational factors were not associated with infection. In conclusion, the risk of SARS-CoV-2 exposure for PHCWs was more likely to have occurred in the community rather than at their workplace.
Modeling protective action decision-making in earthquakes by using explainable machine learning and video data
Authors: Zhang Xiaojian , Zhao Xilei , Baldwin Dare , McBride Sara , Bellizzi Josephine , Cochran Elizabeth S. , Luco Nicholas , Wood Matthew , Cova Thomas J.
Published: March 2024

Earthquakes pose substantial threats to communities worldwide. Understanding how people respond to the fast-changing environment during earthquakes is crucial for reducing risks and saving lives. This study aims to study people’s protective action decision-making in earthquakes by leveraging explainable machine learning and video data. Specifically, this study first collected real-world CCTV footage and video postings from social media platforms, and then identified and annotated changes in the environment and people’s behavioral responses during the M7.1 2018 Anchorage earthquake. By using the fully annotated video data, we applied XGBoost, a widely-used machine learning method, to model and forecast people’s protective actions (e.g.,drop and cover,hold on, andevacuate) during the earthquake. Then, explainable machine learning techniques were used to reveal the complex, nonlinear relationships between different factors and people’s choices of protective actions. Modeling results confirm that social and environmental cues played critical roles in affecting the probability of different protective actions. Certain factors, such as the earthquake shaking intensity and number of people shown in the environment, displayed evident nonlinear relationships with the probability of choosing toevacuate. These findings can help emergency managers and policymakers design more effective protective action recommendations during earthquakes.
A novel equation for the estimation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the Saudi Arabian population: a derivation and validation study
Authors: Nuwaylati Dena A. , Awan Zuhier A.
Published: March 2024

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is typically estimated by the Friedewald equation to guide atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) management despite its flaws. Martin–Hopkins and Sampson-NIH equations were shown to outperform Friedewald’s in various populations. Our aim was to derive a novel equation for accurate LDL-C estimation in Saudi Arabians and to compare it to Friedewald, Martin–Hopkins and Sampson-NIH equations. This is a cross-sectional study on 2245 subjects who were allocated to 2 cohorts; a derivation (1) and a validation cohort (2). Cohort 1 was analyzed in a multiple regression model to derive an equation (equationD) for estimating LDL-C. The agreement between the measured (LDL-CDM) and calculated levels was tested by Bland–Altman analysis, and the biases by absolute error values. Validation of the derived equation was carried out across LDL-C and triglyceride (TG)-stratified groups. The mean LDL-CDM was 3.10 ± 1.07 and 3.09 ± 1.06 mmol/L in cohorts 1 and 2, respectively. The derived equation is: LDL-CD = 0.224 + (TC × 0.919) – (HDL-C × 0.904) – (TG × 0.236) – (age × 0.001) – 0.024. In cohort 2, the mean LDL-C (mmol/L) was estimated as 3.09 ± 1.06 by equationD, 2.85 ± 1.12 by Friedewald, 2.95 ± 1.09 by Martin–Hopkins, and 2.93 ± 1.11 by Sampson-NIH equations; statistically significant differences between direct and calculated LDL-C was observed with the later three equations (P < 0.001). Bland–Altman analysis showed the lowest bias (0.001 mmol/L) with equationD as compared to 0.24, 0.15, and 0.17 mmol/L with Friedewald, Martin–Hopkins, and Sampson-NIH equations, respectively. The absolute errors in all guideline-stratified LDL-C categories was the lowest with equationD, which also showed the best classifier of LDL-C according to guidelines. Moreover, equationD predicted LDL-C levels with the lowest error with TG levels up to 5.63 mmol/L. EquationD topped the other equations in estimating LDL-C in Saudi Arabians as it could permit better estimation when LDL-C is < 2.4 mmol/L, in familial hyperlipidemia, and in hypertriglyceridemia, which improves cardiovascular outcomes in high-risk patients. We recommend further research to validate equationD in a larger dataset and in other populations.
Hydrophobic solution functions as a multifaceted mosquito repellent by enhancing chemical transfer, altering object tracking, and forming aversive memory
Authors: Wiedemann Bianca M. , Takeuchi Kohei , Ohta Kazumi , Kato-Namba Aya , Yabuki Masayuki , Kazama Hokto , Nakagawa Takao
Published: March 2024

Developing a safe and potent repellent of mosquitoes applicable to human skins is an effective measure against the spread of mosquito-borne diseases. Recently, we have identified that hydrophobic solutions such as low viscosity polydimethylsiloxane (L-PDMS) spread on a human skin prevent mosquitoes from staying on and biting it. This is likely due to the ability of L-PDMS in wetting mosquito legs and exerting a capillary force from which the mosquitoes attempt to escape. Here we show three additional functions of L-PDMS that can contribute to repel Aedes albopictus, by combining physicochemical analysis and behavioral assays in both an arm cage and a virtual flight arena. First, L-PDMS, when mixed with topical repellents and applied on a human skin, enhances the effect of topical repellents in reducing mosquito bites by efficiently transferring them to mosquito legs upon contact. Second, L-PDMS applied to mosquito tarsi compromises visual object tracking during flight, exerting an influence outlasting the contact. Finally, L-PDMS applied to mosquito tarsi acts as an aversive reinforcer in associative learning, making mosquitoes avoid the conditioned odor. These results uncover a multifaceted potential of L-PDMS in altering a sequence of mosquito behaviors from biting a human skin, visual object tracking following takeoff, to the response to an odor linked with L-PDMS.
Normal stress distribution in built-up cold-formed column in relation to interconnecting bolt spacing
Authors: Deniziak Patryk , Urbańska-Galewska Elżbieta , Gordziej-Zagórowska Małgorzata
Published: March 2024

In order to increase a stiffness of cold-formed steel (CFS) elements it is practised to built-up the cross-section. In the analysed case, a main element is strengthened by adding extra chord in contact partially along the column. This additional chord acts as a longitudinal stiffener connected with the main section by series of bolts. Authors check whether rules applied over the years, for hot-rolled elements, can be indiscriminately used in the analysed CFS element. The aim of this study is to experimentally and computationally recognize the normal stress distribution in axially compressed CFS built-up column chords and to evaluate the element load-bearing capacity.
New perspective for the upscaling of plant functional response to flooding stress in salt marshes using remote sensing
Authors: Vuerich Marco , Cingano Paolo , Trotta Giacomo , Petrussa Elisa , Braidot Enrico , Scarpin Dora , Bezzi Annelore , Mestroni Michele , Pellegrini Elisa , Boscutti Francesco
Published: March 2024

Understanding the response of salt marshes to flooding is crucial to foresee the fate of these fragile ecosystems, requiring an upscaling approach. In this study we related plant species and community response to multispectral indices aiming at parsing the power of remote sensing to detect the environmental stress due to flooding in lagoon salt marshes. We studied the response of Salicornia fruticosa (L.) L. and associated plant community along a flooding and soil texture gradient in nine lagoon salt marshes in northern Italy. We considered community (i.e., species richness, dry biomass, plant height, dry matter content) and individual traits (i.e., annual growth, pigments, and secondary metabolites) to analyze the effect of flooding depth and its interplay with soil properties. We also carried out a drone multispectral survey, to obtain remote sensing-derived vegetation indices for the upscaling of plant responses to flooding. Plant diversity, biomass and growth all declined as inundation depth increased. The increase of soil clay content exacerbated flooding stress shaping S. fruticosa growth and physiological responses. Multispectral indices were negatively related with flooding depth. We found key species traits rather than other community traits to better explain the variance of multispectral indices. In particular stem length and pigment content (i.e., betacyanin, carotenoids) were more effective than other community traits to predict the spectral indices in an upscaling perspective of salt marsh response to flooding. We proved multispectral indices to potentially capture plant growth and plant eco-physiological responses to flooding at the large scale. These results represent a first fundamental step to establish long term spatial monitoring of marsh acclimation to sea level rise with remote sensing. We further stressed the importance to focus on key species traits as mediators of the entire ecosystem changes, in an ecological upscaling perspective.
On machine learning analysis of atomic force microscopy images for image classification, sample surface recognition
Authors: Sokolov I.
Published: March 2024

Steps of combining atomic force microscopy (AFM or SPM) with machine learning.
The application of plasma technology for the preparation of supercapacitor electrode materials
Authors: Liu Feng , Zhang Long-Hui , Zhang Zhen , Zhou Yang , Zhang Yi , Huang Jia-Liang , Fang Zhi
Published: March 2024

Plasma materials preparation technology can effectively affect the materials preparation processing by reactive species and multiple effects in plasma, which ensures it as a promising method for supercapacitor electrode mateirals preparation.
More is better: high-entropy electrolyte design in rechargeable batteries
Authors: Zhao Xin , Fu Zhiqiang , Zhang Xiang , Wang Xia , Li Baohua , Zhou Dong , Kang Feiyu
Published: March 2024

This review conducts a comprehensive survey of the high-entropy effect on the key properties of electrolytes. The applications of high-entropy electrolytes in various rechargeable batteries are presented to address their critical drawbacks.
An optical fluorescence sensor for IoT application in direct visualization of the curing process in polymer matrices
Authors: Szymaszek Patryk , Fiedor Paweł , Tyszka-Czochara Małgorzata , Galek Mariusz , Ortyl Joanna
Published: March 2024

Fluorescent Probe Technique can be applied as the tools in the Internet of Things (IoT), enabling an online preview of ongoing photopolymerization processes in 3D printing using a single sensor and provides unique information about the process.
A tri-functional, independently tunable terahertz absorber based on a vanadium dioxide–graphene hybrid structure
Authors: Wu Guozheng , Li Chao , Wang Dong , Gao Song , Chen Wenya , Guo Shijing , Xiong Jiaran
Published: March 2024

The device offers robustness and polarization insensitivity, providing versatility and adaptability in various applications and environmental conditions with its two absorption modes and total reflector, which can be flexibly switched.
Bismuth-oxide nanoparticles: study in a beam and as deposited
Authors: Mikkelä M.-H. , Marnauza M. , Hetherington C. J. D. , Wallenberg R. , Mårsell E. , Liu Yen-Po , Mikkelsen A. , Björneholm O. , Öhrwall G. , Tchaplyguine M.
Published: March 2024

Bi2O3 is a promising material for solid-oxide fuel cells due to the high ionic conductivity of some phases. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is a powerful method for oxidation state and phase assignment. TEM and diffraction are desired compliments.
The mechanism governing the formation of intermolecular charge transfer bands: a series of polyoxomolybdates as a case study
Authors: Zhang Xiao-Yue , Fan Jin-Ai , Chen Zhe-Hong , Sun Cai , Zheng Shou-Tian
Published: March 2024

A series of proof-of-concept models of polyoxomolybdates were synthesized to study the mechanism governing the formation of the intermolecular charge transfer band.
Refined structural studies on the fluorite-related polymorphs of sol–gel undoped and Eu3+-doped yttrium tantalates
Authors: Borges Fernanda Hediger , Guidorzi Maria Vitória , Labaki Hayra do Prado , Ferreira Rute A. S. , Gonçalves Rogéria Rocha
Published: March 2024

Undoped and Eu3+-doped yttrium tantalates were synthesized via sol–gel method. Refined X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and low-temperature photoluminescence measurements were employed for conclusive RE3TaO7 crystalline phase asignment.
Metal- and ligand-substitution-induced changes in the kinetics and thermodynamics of hydrogen activation and hydricity in a dinuclear metal complex
Authors: Isegawa Miho
Published: March 2024

The density functional theory calculations revealed that the following order thermodynamically favored hydrogen activation: [NiFe(CO)]2+ > [NiRu(CO)]2+ > [NiFe(CNMe)]2+ ∼ [PdRu(CO)]2+ ∼ [PdFe(CO)]2+ ≫ [NiFe(NCS)]+.
Light-induced quinone conformation of polymer donors toward 19.9% efficiency organic solar cells
Authors: Guo Chuanhang , Sun Yuandong , Wang Liang , Liu Chenhao , Chen Chen , Cheng Jingchao , Xia Weiyi , Gan Zirui , Zhou Jing , Chen Zhenghong , Zhou Jinpeng , Liu Dan , Guo Jingxing , Li Wei , Wang Tao
Published: March 2024

UV-light illumination converts the aromatic conformation of polymer donors into a rigid quinone structure, resulting in compact fibrillar aggregation of the active layer to achieve a maximum efficiency of 19.9% of single-junction organic solar cells.
Preparation of a Ce/N-MOF(Fe)@P-C3N4 composite photocatalyst and efficient oxidation of benzene to phenol
Authors: Wang Fuying , Zhang Liuxue , Liu Cong , Xu Xuetong , Qiao Jiaolong , Jia Xu , Dai Kefan , Wang Xiulian
Published: March 2024

The selective photocatalytic oxidation of benzene to phenol under mild conditions is of great significance for the next-generation phenol industry.
Silver-coated hollow fiber surface plasmon resonance sensor for glucose detection with enhanced limit of detection
Authors: Xu Yangyang , Zhang Xian , Zhu Xiao-Song , Shi Yi-Wei
Published: March 2024

In this study, we proposed and demonstrated a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor based on a silver coated hollow fiber (HF) structure for sensitive and stable low-concentration glucose detection.
A visible-light-induced photosensitizer-free decarbonylative Minisci-type reaction
Authors: Qi Ming , Xu An-Wu
Published: March 2024

A photoinduced photosensitizer-free Minisci-type reaction using aldehydes as radical precursors was reported, which showed excellent yields and functional groups tolerance. This effective method could achieve alkylation of natural products smoothly.
How do wavelength correlations affect transmission spectra? Application of a new fast and flexible 2D Gaussian process framework to transiting exoplanet spectroscopy
Authors: Fortune Mark , Gibson Neale P. , Foreman-Mackey Daniel , Evans-Soma Thomas M. , Maguire Cathal , Ramkumar Swaetha
Published: March 2024

The use of Gaussian processes (GPs) is a common approach to account for correlated noise in exoplanet time series, particularly for transmission and emission spectroscopy. This analysis has typically been performed for each wavelength channel separately, with the retrieved uncertainties in the transmission spectrum assumed to be independent. However, the presence of noise correlated in wavelength could cause these uncertainties to be correlated, which could significantly affect the results of atmospheric retrievals. We present a method that uses a GP to model noise correlated in both wavelength and time simultaneously for the full spectroscopic dataset. To make this analysis computationally tractable, we introduce a new fast and flexible GP method that can analyse 2D datasets when the input points lie on a (potentially non-uniform) 2D grid – in our case a time by wavelength grid – and the kernel function has a Kronecker product structure. This simultaneously fits all light curves and enables the retrieval of the full covariance matrix of the transmission spectrum. Our new method can avoid the use of a ‘common-mode’ correction, which is known to produce an offset to the transmission spectrum. Through testing on synthetic datasets, we demonstrate that our new approach can reliably recover atmospheric features contaminated by noise correlated in time and wavelength. In contrast, fitting each spectroscopic light curve separately performed poorly when wavelength-correlated noise was present. It frequently underestimated the uncertainty of the scattering slope and overestimated the uncertainty in the strength of sharp absorption peaks in transmission spectra. Two archival VLT/FORS2 transit observations of WASP-31b were used to compare these approaches on real observations. Our method strongly constrained the presence of wavelength-correlated noise in both datasets, and significantly different constraints on atmospheric features such as the scattering slope and strength of sodium and potassium features were recovered.
Secular evolution of resonant planets in the coplanar case
Authors: Pons J. , Gallardo T.
Published: March 2024

Aims. We study the secular evolution of two planets in mutual deep mean-motion resonance (MMR) in the planar elliptic three-body problem framework for different mass ratios. We do not consider any restriction in the eccentricity of the inner planet e1 or in the eccentricity of the outer planet e2.

Methods. The method we used is based on a semi-analytical model that consists of calculating the averaged resonant disturbing function numerically. It is assumed for this that all the orbital elements (except for the mean longitudes) of both planets are constant on the resonant timescale. In order to obtain the secular evolution inside the MMR, we make use of the adiabatic invariance principle, assuming a zero-amplitude resonant libration. We constructed two phase portraits, called the ℋ1 and ℋ2 surfaces, in the three-dimensional spaces (e1, Δϖ, σ) and (e2, Δϖ, σ), where Δϖ is the difference between the planetary longitude of perihelia and σ is the critical angle. These surfaces, which are related through the angular moment conservation, allow us to find the apsidal corotation resonances (ACRs) and to predict the secular evolution of e1, e2, Δϖ, and σ (libration center).

Results. While studying the 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, and 3:2 MMR, we found that large excursions in eccentricity can exist in some particular cases. We compared the secular variations of e1, e2, Δϖ, and σ predicted by the model with a numerical integration of the exact equations of motion for different mass ratios. We obtained good matches. Finally, the model was applied to study the secular evolution of the resonant exoplanet systems HD 73526 and HD 31527. They both have a pair of planets and are very close to the deep MMR condition. In the first system, we found that the pair of planets that constitutes the system evolves in a symmetrical ACR, whereas in the second system, we found that planets c and d, which are in an unusual 16:3 MMR, are close to an ACR, but outside its dynamical region, where Δϖ circulates.
PDRs4All
Authors: Pasquini Sofia , Peeters Els , Schefter Bethany , Khan Baria , Sidhu Ameek , Chown Ryan , Cami Jan , Tielens Alexander , Alarcón Felipe , Canin Amélie , Schroetter Ilane , Trahin Boris , Van De Putte Dries , Boersma Christiaan , Dartois Emmanuel , Onaka Takashi , Candian Alessandra , Hartigan Patrick , Lai Thomas S.-Y. , Rouillé Gaël , Sales Dinalva A. , Zhang Yong , Bernard-Salas Jeronimo , Habart Emilie , Berné Olivier
Published: March 2024

Context.Extraordinary observations of the Orion Bar by JWST have shown, for the first time, the incredible richness of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission bands and their variation on very small scales. These variations are the result of photochemical evolution of the PAH carrier.

Aims.We aim to probe the photochemical evolution of PAHs across the key zones of the ideal photodissociation region (PDR) that is the Orion Bar using unsupervised machine learning.

Methods.We used JWST NIRSpec IFU and MIRI MRS observations of the Orion Bar from the JWST Early Release Science programme PDRs4All (ID: 1288). We levered bisectingk-means clustering to generate highly detailed spatial maps of the spectral variability in the 3.2–3.6, 5.95–6.6, 7.25–8.95, and 10.9–11.63 μm wavelength regions. We analysed and subsequently described the variations in the cluster profiles and connected them to the conditions of the physical locations from which they arise. We interpreted the origin of the observed variations with respect to the following key zones: the HIIregion, the atomic PDR zone, and the layers of the molecular PDR zone stratified by the first, second, and third dissociation fronts (DF 1, DF 2, and DF 3, respectively).

Results.Observed PAH emission exhibits spectral variation that is highly dependent on the spatial position in the PDR. We find the 8.6 μm band to behave differently than all other bands, which vary systematically with one another. Notably, we find a uniform variation in the 3.4–3.6 μm bands and 3.4/3.3 intensity ratio. We attribute the carrier of the 3.4–3.6 μm bands to a single side group attached to very similarly sized PAHs. Further, cluster profiles reveal a transition between characteristic profile classes of the 11.2 μm feature from the atomic to the molecular PDR zones. We find the carriers of each of the profile classes to be independent, and reason the latter to be PAH clusters existing solely deep in the molecular PDR. Clustering also reveals a connection between the 11 .2 and 6.2 μm bands and that clusters generated from variation in the 10.9–11.63 μm region can be used to recover those in the 5.95–6.6 μm region.

Conclusions.Clustering is a powerful and comprehensive tool for characterising PAH spectral variability on both spatial and spectral scales. For individual bands as well as global spectral behaviours, we find ultraviolet processing to be the most important driver of the evolution of PAHs and their spectral signatures in the Orion Bar PDR.
TOI-4438 b: a transiting mini-Neptune amenable to atmospheric characterization
Authors: Goffo E. , Chaturvedi P. , Murgas F. , Morello G. , Orell-Miquel J. , Acuña L. , Peña-Moñino L. , Pallé E. , Hatzes A. P. , Geraldía-González S. , Pozuelos F. J. , Lanza A. F. , Gandolfi D. , Caballero J. A. , Schlecker M. , Pérez-Torres M. , Lodieu N. , Schweitzer A. , Hellier C. , Jeffers S. V. , Duque-Arribas C. , Cifuentes C. , Béjar V. J. S. , Daspute M. , Dubois F. , Dufoer S. , Esparza-Borges E. , Fukui A. , Hayashi Y. , Herrero E. , Mori M. , Narita N. , Parviainen H. , Tal-Or L. , Vanaverbeke S. , Hermelo I. , Amado P. J. , Dreizler S. , Henning Th. , Lillo-Box J. , Luque R. , Mallorquín M. , Nagel E. , Quirrenbach A. , Reffert S. , Reiners A. , Ribas I. , Schöfer P. , Tabernero H. M. , Zechmeister M.
Published: March 2024

We report the confirmation and mass determination of a mini-Neptune transiting the M3.5 V star TOI-4438 (G 182-34) every 7.44 days. A transit signal was detected with NASA’s TESS space mission in the sectors 40, 52, and 53. In order to validate the planet TOI-4438 b and to determine the system properties, we combined TESS data with high-precision radial velocity measurements from the CARMENES spectrograph, spanning almost one year, and ground-based transit photometry. We found that TOI-4438 b has a radius of Rb = 2.52 ± 0.13 R⊕ (5% precision), which together with a mass of Mb = 5.4 ± 1.1 M⊕ (20% precision), results in a bulk density of ρb = 1.85−0.44+0.51 g cm−3 (~28% precision), aligning the discovery with a volatile-rich planet. Our interior structure retrieval with a pure water envelope yields aminimum water mass fraction of 46% (1σ). TOI-4438 b is a volatile-rich mini-Neptune with likely H/He mixed with molecules, such as water, CO2, and CH4. The primary star has a J-band magnitude of 9.7, and the planet has a high transmission spectroscopy metric (TSM) of 136 ± 13. Taking into account the relatively warm equilibrium temperature of Teq = 435 ± 15 K, and the low activity level of its host star, TOI-4438 b is one of the most promising mini-Neptunes around an M dwarf for transmission spectroscopy studies.
Das gemeinsame Sehen: Kunsttherapeutische Werkgespräche
Authors: Hinkel Christoph
Published: March 2024

In der Kunsttherapie erweitert sich die therapeutische Beziehung (Dyade) durch das künstlerische Werk um ein anwesendes „Drittes“. In kunsttherapeutischen Werkgesprächen werden die Bildreflexionen ebenso gestaltet wie das künstlerische Material von Patient*innen 1. Dies wird im Folgenden am Beispiel der Portraitarbeit und vor dem Hintergrund ästhetisch-philosophischen Gedankengutes dargestellt.
Collage + als kombinierte Intervention der Kunsttherapie bei Traumafolgestörungen
Authors: Börschlein Elisa-Maria , Schulze-Stampa Constanze , Wahlert Jochen
Published: March 2024

Orientiert an den Bedürfnissen der Patient*innen initiiert der kombinierte Einsatz von Collagetechniken und Imaginationsverfahren (Collage +) individuelle Gestaltungs- und Reflexionsprozesse als auch Interaktionsprozesse in Kunsttherapiegruppen 1. Bei Traumafolgestörungen geht Collage + im multimodalen Behandlungskonzept der Psychosomatischen Privatklinik Bad Grönenbach gestuft und teilstrukturiert vor.
Fragile Ästhetik: Beziehungsdiagnostik anhand musiktherapeutischer Improvisationen
Authors: Körber Annegret , Spitzer Carsten
Published: March 2024

Künstlerische Spezialtherapien nutzen ihr jeweiliges Medium, um einen erweiterten Zugang zu intra- und interpersoneller Wahrnehmung zu ermöglichen. Die musiktherapeutische Improvisation als eine der Methoden der Musikpsychotherapie stellt eine Beziehungssituation dar, in der Patient*in und Therapeut*in nonverbal kommunizieren. Die Analyse dieses Materials dient unter anderem der Beziehungsdiagnostik.
Professionalisierung und Ausbildung in den Künstlerischen Therapien
Authors: Dannecker Karin
Published: March 2024

Der Beitrag will Einblick in die Entwicklung und den Stand der Professionalisierung der Künstlerischen Therapien geben. Dabei wird von der Tatsache ausgegangen, dass sie historisch ihre Anfänge in den angelsächsischen Ländern genommen haben. Dies wirkt sich bis heute auf die Etablierung der gesamten Profession aus – weltweit, im europäischen und im deutschen Sprachraum.
Land Art als Kunsttherapie: Mit Patient*innen in der Natur
Authors: Ganter-Argast Christiane
Published: March 2024

Naturerfahrungen wirken sich positiv auf eine gesunde Entwicklung aus. Sie ermöglichen u. a. einen Abstand vom Alltag, haben einen belebenden Effekt und reduzieren Stress 1. Natur- und Landschaftskontakte werden demnach als Möglichkeit gesehen, die psychische Gesundheit zu verbessern. Gerade in der Kunsttherapie bieten sich zahlreiche Möglichkeiten, gestalterisch in und mit der Natur zu arbeiten und dadurch in einen Therapieprozess einzutreten.
Wie wirken Künstlerische Therapien?
Authors: Koch Sabine C. , Estel Sophia M.
Published: March 2024

Der Artikel gibt einen Überblick über den Stand der evidenzbasierten Wirkfaktorenforschung in den Künstlerischen Therapien, die neben Wirkungs- und kunstbasierter Forschung die 3. Forschungssäule darstellen. Sie fragt nach dem Wie?, der Funktionsweise, den Mechanismen. Der Artikel klärt Begriffe und Studienlage, führt in das Theoriemodell der verkörperten Ästhetik ein und gibt ein Beispiel partizipatorischer Wirkfaktorenforschung.
Theatertherapie – Perspektivwechsel, Rollenerleben und Ressourcenaktivierung
Authors: Klees Simone
Published: March 2024

Theatertherapie eröffnet einen theatralen Möglichkeitsraum, in dem therapeutische Prozesse initiiert werden. Zur verbalen Ebene kommt ein körperlich-ästhetischer Spielraum hinzu, der uns Menschen vertraut ist, weil wir ihn im Laufe kindlicher Entwicklungsprozesse zum Lernen sozialer Rollen und zur Verarbeitung von Erlebtem nutzen. 1, 2 Der brasilianische Theatermacher Augusto Boal beschreibt die besondere Qualität des Theaterspielens: „Theater ist die erste Erfindung des Menschen und zugleich die Erfindung, die den Weg zu allen weiteren menschlichen Entdeckungen geebnet hat.“ 3
Therapeutisches Schreiben in Forschung und Praxis
Authors: Heimes Silke
Published: March 2024

Der Beitrag soll ein Gefühl dafür vermitteln, was therapeutisches Schreiben vermag und wie es in der Praxis eingesetzt wird. Nach einer kurzen Definition und Überlegungen dazu, wer vom Schreiben profitiert, erfolgt eine Unterteilung der Wirkungen in verschiedene Faktoren, wobei Studien aufgeführt und mit Falltexten und Schreibanleitung dargestellt werden. Zudem finden sich Impulse für Einzelund Gruppensitzungen.
Tanztherapie für Patient*innen mit Post-COVID-Syndrom
Authors: Schneider-Papadopoulos Susanne
Published: March 2024

Zur postakuten Therapie von Patient*innen mit Post-Covid-Syndrom hat sich ein multimodales, interdisziplinäres Behandlungsangebot in spezialisierten Reha-Zentren als hilfreich erwiesen 1, 2. Der nachfolgende Beitrag möchte seinen Fokus auf Tanztherapie als kreatives, integratives und ressourcenorientiertes Modul des breiten Behandlungsspektrums richten.
Investigating the effect of ESG on retail banks’ customer equity
Authors: Chow Matthew Yau Choi , Ho Shirie Pui Shan
Published: March 2024

Environmental, social and governance (ESG) has recently been gaining attention as an important consideration for corporate management strategies worldwide. Drawing on the literature surrounding equity theory and customer equity, this study aimed to investigate the influence of ESG on the customer equity of retail banks in Hong Kong. Based on a survey of 300 banking customers, the study found governance initiatives affected customer attitude, while environmental initiatives and social initiatives had no significant effect on it. Customer attitude provided a strong explanation for value equity, brand equity and relationship equity. Value equity and relationship equity had a positive influence on purchase intention, but the relationship between brand equity and purchase intention was insignificant. Customer attitude also mediated the relationship between governance initiatives and customer equity. The findings of this study add value to the understanding of sustainable marketing initiatives and responsible banking. The study contributes to the development of the ESG and customer equity literature and advances the implementation of sustainable banking practices. Practically, the results of this study suggest that banking practitioners should focus on governance initiatives as a primary driver of customer equity and purchase intention. Understanding the role of ESG initiatives in customer attitude and customer equity can help to develop and improve sustainable marketing strategies. Policymakers can use a governance approach to promote sustainable and responsible banking practices.
Asymptotic distribution of nodal intersections for ARW against a surface
Authors: Maffucci Riccardo W. , Rossi Maurizia
Published: March 2024

We investigate Gaussian Laplacian eigenfunctions (Arithmetic Random Waves) on the three-dimensional standard flat torus, in particular the asymptotic distribution of the nodal intersection length against a fixed regular reference surface. Expectation and variance have been addressed by Maffucci [Ann. Henri Poincaré 20(11), 3651–3691 (2019)] who found that the expected length is proportional to the square root of the eigenvalue times the area of the surface, while the asymptotic variance only depends on the geometry of the surface, the projected lattice points being equidistributed on the two-dimensional unit sphere in the high-energy limit. He also noticed that there are “special” surfaces, so-called static, for which the variance is of smaller order; however he did not prescribe the precise asymptotic law in this case. In this paper, we study second order fluctuations of the nodal intersection length. Our first main result is a Central Limit Theorem for “generic” surfaces, while for static ones, a sphere or a hemisphere e.g., our main results are a non-Central Limit Theorem and a precise asymptotic law for the variance of the nodal intersection length, conditioned on the existence of so-called well-separated sequences of Laplacian eigenvalues. It turns out that, in this regime, the nodal area investigated by Cammarota [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 372(5), 3539–3564 (2019)] is asymptotically fully correlated with the length of the nodal intersections against any sphere. The main ingredients for our proofs are the Kac-Rice formula for moments, the chaotic decomposition for square integrable functionals of Gaussian fields, and some arithmetic estimates that may be of independent interest.
On learning latent dynamics of the AUG plasma state
Authors: Kit A. , Järvinen A. E. , Poels Y. R. J. , Wiesen S. , Menkovski V. , Fischer R. , Dunne M. ,   ASDEX-Upgrade Team
Published: March 2024

In this work, we demonstrate the utility of state representation learning applied to modeling the time evolution of electron density and temperature profiles at ASDEX-Upgrade (AUG). The proposed model is a deep neural network, which learns to map the high dimensional profile observations to a lower dimensional state. The mapped states, alongside the original profile's corresponding machine parameters, are used to learn a forward model to propagate the state in time. We show that this approach is able to predict AUG discharges using only a selected set of machine parameters. The state is then further conditioned to encode information about the confinement regime, which yields a simple baseline linear classifier, while still retaining the information needed to predict the evolution of profiles. We, then, discuss the potential use cases and limitations of state representation learning algorithms applied to fusion devices.
On-line monitoring of membrane fouling based on an improved electrical measurement method
Authors: Bo Li , Jianming Wang , Qi Wang , Ronghua Zhang
Published: March 2024

On-line monitoring of membrane fouling is essential in the water treatment process. Drawbacks such as low-sensitivity and off-line limitations limit the application of existing methods. An on-line monitoring method based on Electrical Resistance Tomography (ERT) sensors is put forward in this paper. The Particle Swarm Optimization with Simulated Annealing (PSO-SA) algorithm is used in optimizing the topologies of finite element models in order to decrease the ill-posedness of sensitivity matrices. The deep denoising extreme learning machine with an auto-encoder model and the K-singular value decomposition algorithm are used in ERT reconstruction to improve imaging quality. The lift-wavelet is adopted in measuring the permeate flux to improve measuring accuracy. The ERT pixel values of the membrane module and the result of flux are used to analyze the fouling status. The results of membrane fouling experiments demonstrate the following: (1) Based on the local ERT pixels, the “two stage” phenomenon of membrane fouling can be observed. (2) In the early stage, the fouling distribution of the localized membrane module is consistent with its ERT pixels. (3) The deposition process of foulants for the localized membrane module is synchronized with the variation of ERT pixels. (4) The integrity of the membrane module can be detected according to the ERT pixels. Therefore, the novel method can effectively reflect the membrane fouling process, especially in the early stages of membrane fouling.
Substrate-thickness dependence of negative-index metamaterials at optical frequencies
Authors: Zhang Kai-Xin , Wu Wei-Ping , Shao Jian-Da , Sun Jie , Yan Qun , Nie Jun-Yang
Published: March 2024

Optical metamaterials have attracted intensive attention in recent years for their broad applications in superlenses, electromagnetic cloaking, and bio-sensing. Negative refractive index (NRI) metal–dielectric–metal fishnet metamaterials (MMs) are typically used for beyond-diffraction-limit imaging. However, there are few reports about the substrate-thickness dependence of NRI, which strongly affects the practical application. In our study, it is demonstrated that the membrane-based NRI MMs with a more negative index work better than the bulk substrate-based counterparts. In addition, a regular periodic vibration of NRI with the thickness of the membrane substrate was theoretically studied. The destructive interference of the thin film can explain this phenomenon. Furthermore, the proposed explanation was further proved by substituting the dielectric spacer with a larger permittivity. Therefore, an NRI structure on a membrane substrate with constructive interference can be a good choice in ultra-compact photoelectronic devices. This study can be a guide to the practical application of ultracompact NRI devices.
Laser diode driver on a programmable system on a chip
Authors: Micic Milena , Atanasijevic Petar , Mihailovic Pedja
Published: March 2024

A comprehensive solution of a laser diode (LD) driver with temperature control using a programmable system on a chip is proposed as an alternative to dedicated devices. A digital proportional integral differential controller is used for regulating the LD temperature. The light–current characteristics and frequency response of the LD are measured using an external photodiode and interrogated by an integrated transimpedance amplifier. The 0.084% stability, 2 kHz bandwidth, and 0.11% full scale current error are demonstrated. The LD overshoot protection is digitally implemented, providing a soft start. While the circuit is initially optimized for a 3 W infrared LD, instructions are provided for fine-tuning the design according to specific LD requirements.
MBA-DNet: A mask block attention-based foreign matter detection network for tobacco packages
Authors: Wang Xiaobin , Shen Feixiang , Chen Chengjun , Zhang Qiang
Published: March 2024

Foreign matter, such as varia and mildew in the cutaway view of tobacco packages, can be detected using machine vision detection technology. However, mainstream object detection algorithms have poor detection ability for small targets when applied to foreign matter detection in the cutaway view of tobacco packages. To solve this problem, this study proposes Mask Block Attention (MBA) and introduces it into the feature extraction network to improve the global modeling ability of the object detection network, further enhancing its ability to detect foreign matter in the cutaway view of tobacco packages. Meanwhile, this study establishes a K-fold packet slicing defect dataset called K-PSDDS (K-fold packet slicing defect dataset) for foreign matter in the cutaway view of tobacco packages and conducts numerous experiments on K-PSDDS. The experimental results indicate that the AP50 and APbbox of DINO (DETR with an improved denoising anchor box for end-to-end target detection) + MBA reached 94.9% and 47.7%, respectively, showing an improvement of 0.3% and 0.9% over the baseline network DINO. Meanwhile, it achieves better performance and detection capabilities than fast region-based convolutional neural networks and other detection algorithms.
Synchronization of differential equations driven by linear multiplicative fractional Brownian motion
Authors: Wei Wei , Gao Hongjun , Cao Qiyong
Published: March 2024

This paper is devoted to the synchronization of stochastic differential equations driven by the linear multiplicative fractional Brownian motion with Hurst parameter H∈(12,1). We use equivalent transformations to prove that the differential equation has a unique stationary solution, which generates a random dynamical system. Moreover, the system has the pathwise singleton set random attractor. We then establish the synchronization of the coupled differential equations and provide numerical simulation results. At the end, we discuss two specific noise forms and present the corresponding synchronization results.
Optomechanically induced transparency/absorption in a 3D microwave cavity architecture at ambient temperature
Authors: Kumar Sumit , Kenworthy Matthew , Ginn Henry , Rojas Xavier
Published: March 2024

Leveraging advancements in cavity optomechanics, we explore Optomechanically Induced Transparency/Absorption (OMIT/OMIA) in the microwave domain at ambient temperature. Contrary to previous studies employing cryogenic temperatures, this work exploits a 3D microwave cavity architecture to observe these effects at ambient temperature, broadening the scope of possible applications. The work successfully enhances the optomechanical coupling strength, enabling observable and robust OMIT/OMIA effects, and demonstrating up to 25 dB in signal amplification and 20 dB in attenuation. Operating in the unresolved sideband regime enables tunability across a wider frequency range, enhancing the system’s applicability in signal processing and sensing. The findings herein highlight the potential of optomechanical systems, presenting a simplified, cost-effective, and more feasible approach for applications at ambient temperature.
Spatiotemporal dispersion compensation for a 200-THz noncollinear optical parametric amplifier
Authors: Carbery William P. , Bizimana Laurie A. , Barclay Matthew S. , Wright Nicholas D. , Davis Paul H. , Knowlton William B. , Pensack Ryan D. , Arpin Paul C. , Turner Daniel B.
Published: March 2024

A noncollinear optical parametric amplifier (NOPA) can produce few-cycle femtosecond laser pulses that are ideally suited for time-resolved optical spectroscopy measurements. However, the nonlinear-optical process giving rise to ultrabroadband pulses is susceptible to spatiotemporal dispersion problems. Here, we detail refinements, including chirped-pulse amplification (CPA) and pulse-front matching (PFM), that minimize spatiotemporal dispersion and thereby improve the properties of ultrabroadband pulses produced by a NOPA. The description includes a rationale behind the choices of optical and optomechanical components, as well as assessment protocols. We demonstrate these techniques using a 1 kHz, second-harmonic Ti:sapphire pump configuration, which produces ∼5-fs duration pulses that span from about 500 to 800 nm with a bandwidth of about 200 THz. To demonstrate the utility of the CPA-PFM-NOPA, we measure vibrational quantum beats in the transient–absorption spectrum of methylene blue, a dye molecule that serves as a reference standard.
A synthetic particle group method for the unsteady interaction between shock wave and boundary layer past a compression ramp
Authors: Guo Xiaowei , Yang Yijiang , Xiao Zhixiang
Published: March 2024

To overcome the lack of resolved turbulent flow structures generated by the improved delayed detached eddy simulation (IDDES) model when simulating the shock wave and boundary layer interaction (SWBLI), a new, nonzonal, embedded synthetic turbulence generation method, named the synthetic particle group method (SPOM), is proposed and validated by simulating the supersonic flow past a flat plate at Mach 2.25. In the attached boundary layer, the SPOs are automatically introduced to trigger the turbulent perturbations. The turbulent boundary layer is successfully resolved and fully developed in a short streamwise range to produce the desired outcome. The effect of grid scale is also studied, and a suitable grid-scale value is recommended. Then, the SPOM is applied to the compression ramp flow at Mach 2.25 with unsteady SWBLI. The results show that the IDDES-SPOM is highly effective, accurate, and able to model scenarios where the original IDDES simulation fails. Furthermore, the effects of the inlet boundary layer thickness on local separation unsteadiness are studied. From the results, the lower frequency motion is attributed to a more fully developed boundary layer.
Scaling of drag reduction and logarithmic profile in the turbulent boundary layer over micro-grated superhydrophobic surfaces
Authors: Zhang Bingfu , Guo Feng , To Suet , Tang Hui
Published: March 2024

We developed a dedicated, high-resolution skin-friction balance in a water tunnel to measure turbulent drag reduction over micro-grate-patterned superhydrophobic (SHPO) surfaces at the Reynolds number ReL ranging from 4.1 × 105 to 6.9 × 105 and achieved a significant drag reduction of up to 46%. The correlation between drag reduction and surface topology was investigated. By considering air fraction, micro-grate gap, and meniscus curvature, an empirical scaling for drag reduction was proposed, which reconciles the widely scattered drag reduction data in the literature. This scaling law could provide a valuable guidance on future design of effective SHPO surfaces for real-world applications. The scaling of the logarithmic layer was also analyzed under the condition that the outer layer has not fully adapted to the SHPO wall manipulation, a common occurrence in experiments due to the limited length of fabricated SHPO surfaces. The slope of the logarithmic layer was found to increase with the drag reduction. Moreover, a theoretical expression describing the slope and up-shifting level of the logarithmic profile was proposed. These results are insightful, providing a new perspective for researchers to examine their velocity profile and drag reduction data in turbulent boundary layers.